cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The VIMOS Integral Field Unit: data reduction methods and quality assessment
Creators: name: Zanichelli, A.
name: Garilli, B.
name: Scodeggio, M.
name: Franzetti, P.
name: Rizzo, D.
name: Maccagni, D.
name: Merighi, R.
name: Picat, J. P.
name: Fevre, O. Le
name: Foucaud, S.
name: Bottini, D.
name: Brun, V. Le
name: Scaramella, R.
name: Tresse, L.
name: Vettolani, G.
name: Adami, C.
name: Arnaboldi, M.
name: Arnouts, S.
name: Bardelli, S.
name: Bolzonella, M.
name: Cappi, A.
name: Charlot, S.
name: Ciliegi, P.
name: Contini, T.
name: Gavignaud, I.
name: Guzzo, L.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Iovino, A.
name: McCracken, H. J.
name: Marano, B.
name: Marinoni, C.
name: Mathez, G.
name: Mazure, A.
name: Meneux, B.
name: Paltani, S.
name: Pello, R.
name: Pollo, A.
name: Pozzetti, L.
name: Radovich, M.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Zucca, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With new generation spectrographs integral field spectroscopy is becoming a widely used observational technique. The Integral Field Unit of the VIsible Multi-Object Spectrograph on the ESO-VLT allows to sample a field as large as 54" x 54" covered by 6400 fibers coupled with micro-lenses. We are presenting here the methods of the data processing software developed to extract the astrophysical signal of faint sources from the VIMOS IFU observations. We focus on the treatment of the fiber-to-fiber relative transmission and the sky subtraction, and the dedicated tasks we have built to address the peculiarities and unprecedented complexity of the dataset. We review the automated process we have developed under the VIPGI data organization and reduction environment (Scodeggio et al. 2005), along with the quality control performed to validate the process. The VIPGI-IFU data processing environment is available to the scientific community to process VIMOS-IFU data since November 2003.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures and 1 table. Accepted for publication in PASP
Nitrite induced transcription of p450nor during denitrification by Fusarium oxysporum correlates with the production of N2O with a high 15N site preference
Creators: name: Rohe, Lena
name: Oppermann, Timo
name: Well, Reinhard
name: Horn, Marcus A.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 15 N site Preference
subject: Cytochrome P450nor
subject: Fungal denitrification
subject: Gene expression
subject: NO reduction
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::590 | Tiere (Zoologie)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: The greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) is produced in soil as a consequence of complex co-occurring processes conducted by diverse microbial species, including fungi. The fungal p450nor gene encodes a nitric oxide reductase associated with fungal denitrification. We thus hypothesized that p450nor gene expression is a marker for ongoing fungal denitrification. Specific PCR primers and quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays were developed targeting p450nor genes and transcripts. The novel PCR primers successfully amplified p450nor from pure cultures, and were used in an mRNA targeted qPCR to quantify p450nor gene transcription (i.e., gene expression) during denitrification activity in cultures of the fungal model denitrifier Fusarium oxysporum. Gene expression was induced by high (5 mM) and low (0.25 mM) nitrite concentrations. Nitrite stimulated N2O production rates by F. oxysporum, which correlated well with an up to 70-fold increase in p450nor gene expression during the first 12–24 h of anoxic incubation. The relative p450nor gene peak expression and peak N2O production rates declined 20- and 2-fold on average, respectively, towards the later phase of incubation (48–120 h). The 15N site preference of N2O (SP(N2O)) was high for F. oxysporum and independent of reaction progress, confirming the fungal origin of N2O produced. In conclusion, the developed fungal p450nor gene expression assay together with the analysis of SP(N2O) values provide a basis to improve current tools for the identification of fungal denitrification and/or N2O production in natural systems like soils.
Syn-kinematic magma ascent and batholith inflation (Sierra de San Luis/Argentina)
Creators: name: Steenken, André
name: Siegesmund, Siegfried
name: Luchi, Mónica G. López De
name: Rapalini, Augusto
name: Wemmer, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: The measurement of the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility (AMS) is now routinely used since more than four decades in the analyses of rock fabrics in granitic rocks (e.g. Stacy 1960, Henry 1975, Gleizes et al. 1993). Even though the intensity of fabrics in granitoids is often weakly developed the significance of orientation and shape of crystals is the same like in other deformed rock types. By revealing the distribution of fabrics in plutonic rocks one of the still ongoing discussions in granite tectonics may be addressed: How did those sometimes voluminous batholiths were inflated in the middle crust? We are presenting magnetic fabric data on a series of Devonian batholiths that intruded the polyphase deformed metaclastites of the Sierra de San Luis (32°100– 33°200 S / 65°150 – 66°200 W) in central Argentina. Regional considerations on the tectonic regime during the emplacement of the batholiths are inferred from combined field, microstructural and AMS observations...
description: conference
The role of nitrifier denitrification in the production of nitrous oxide revisited
Creators: name: Wrage-Mönnig, Nicole
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Well, Reinhard
name: Müller, Christoph
name: Velthof, Gerard
name: Oenema, Oene
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Denitritation
subject: Isotopomers
subject: Modelling
subject: Molecular methods
subject: N O 2
subject: Nitrite
subject: Stable isotopes
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::590 | Tiere (Zoologie)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Nitrifier denitrification is the reduction of nitrite (NO2−) by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. This process may account for up to 100% of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from ammonium (NH4+) in soils and is more significant than classical denitrification under some conditions. Investigations of nitrifier denitrification have expanded in the last decade but many aspects are still not understood. In this review, we revisit our 2001 paper, present a comprehensive summary of current knowledge concerning nitrifier denitrification, and identify the many research needs. Nitrifier denitrification can be distinguished from other routes of N2O production using isotopic methods: either isotopomer techniques or a combination of 15N and 18O tracers. Our understanding of the regulation and conditions favouring nitrifier denitrification has improved over the last decade as a result of adopting molecular and modelling approaches. Environments low in oxygen, and especially those with fluctuating aerobic-anaerobic conditions, promote N2O production by nitrifier denitrification. Also, large NO2− concentrations, which often arise following inputs of ammonium or urea, may be linked to changes in aerobicity and high pH and favour nitrifier denitrification. The effects of temperature and carbon contents on nitrifier denitrification are incompletely understood and future research needs include: the study of pathways similar to nitrifier denitrification in archaea and nitrite oxidizers the effects of interactions among microorganisms and between microorganism and plants and the regulation and importance of the enzymes involved. A comparison and evaluation of the methods used for differentiating the sources of N2O is urgently needed. Furthermore, results from studies of freshwater and marine environments as well as wastewater treatment, where nitrifier denitrification is also known as nitrous aerobic denitritation (up to N2O) or aerobic denitritation (up to N2), will further advance our understanding.
In vitro and in vivo studies of micro-depots using tailored microemulsion for sustained local anaesthesia
Creators: name: Haiping Zhang
name: Zeyu Zhao
name: Wenjia Chen
name: Miaomiao Lv
name: Junmei Cheng
name: Zhihua Sun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: In clinical practice, lidocaine is used as local anesthetic for the management of post-operative pain. The commercial formulation including gels, injections and ointments showed short duration of action (1 to 2 h). In this paper, the efforts have being made to develop tailored lidocaine-microemulsion (o/w), which on penetration in the skin layer cause micro-depots formation due to destabilization of the microemulsion system. To identify the microemulsion region, pseudo ternary diagrams were constructed using Capmul MCM as oil, Pluronic F68 as tri-block surfactant, polyethylene glycol 200 as co-surfactant at 1:4 and 1:6 ratios (S:Co-S). The selected 5%w/v lidocaine loaded microemulsion [Ld-ME-2(1:4)] was stable in thermodynamic test and during shelf life period (3 months). In ex vivo permeability study, the lidocaine release from Ld-ME-2(1:4) microemulsion was sustained in comparison to the marketed lidocaine ointment. The skin irritation study confirmed the safety of lidocaine loaded microemulsion. Tail flick test showed improved and sustain local anaesthetic effect in comparison to the market ointment. The improved efficacy of microemulsion system, was due to high penetration in the skin layer due to local precipitation of lidocaine from microemulsion. The findings suggest that the tailored microemulsion could be a potential strategy to prolong the local anaesthesia.
New results for the t-J model in ladders: Changes in the spin liquid state with applied magnetic field. Implications for the cuprates
Creators: name: Albuquerque, A. F.
name: Martins, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact Diagonalization calculations are presented for the t-J model in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. Results for 2xL ladders (L=8,10,12) and 4x4 square clusters with 1 and 2 holes indicate that the diamagnetic response to a perpendicular magnetic field tends to induce a spin liquid state in the spin background. The zero-field spin liquid state of a two-leg ladder is reinforced by the magnetic field: a considerable increase of rung antiferromagnetic correlations is observed for J/t up to 0.6, for 1 and 2 holes. Pair-breaking is also clearly observed in the ladders and seems to be associated in part with changes promoted by the field in the spin correlations around the zero-field pair. In the 4x4 cluster, the numerical results seem to indicate that the field-induced spin liquid state competes with the zero-field antiferromagnetic short-range-order, the spin liquid state being favored by higher doping and smaller values of J/t. It is interesting to note that the field-effect can also be observed in a 2x2 plaquette with 1 and 2 holes. This opens up the possibility of gaining a qualitative understanding of the effect.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, latex New results added
Food Access, Food Deserts, and the Women, Infants, and Children Program
Creators: name: Wu, Qi
name: Saitone, Tina L.
name: Sexton, Richard J.
name: Wu, Qi
name: Saitone, Tina L.
name: Sexton, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: food access
subject: food cost
subject: food desert
subject: Women, Infants, and Children Program

description: We examine the shopping behavior of Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Program participants located in food deserts in the Greater Los Angeles area relative to peers in GLA located outside of food-desert boundaries. Results indicate that food-desert participants traveled slightly farther to shop than comparison participants. However, food-desert and non-food-desert participants were equally likely to visit multiple vendors and to visit a supermarket vendor. Food-desert participants did not pay more for program foods relative to comparison participants. On balance, the results indicate that WIC shopping behavior is very similar among food-desert and comparison participants.
Multiple Polylogarithms: A Brief Survey
Creators: name: Bowman, Douglas
name: Bradley, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33E20 (Primary) 11G55, 11M99, 40B05 (Secondary)

description: We survey various results and conjectures concerning multiple polylogarithms and the multiple zeta function. Among the results, we announce our resolution of several conjectures on multiple zeta values. We also provide a new integral representation for the general multiple polylogarithm, and develop a q-analogue of the shuffle product.
description: 22 pages, in "Proceedings of a Conference on q-Series with Applications to Combinatorics, Number Theory and Physics," (Bruce C. Berndt and Ken Ono eds.) American Mathematical Society, Contemporary Mathematics, Vol. 291, 2001, pp. 71-92. [MR #2003c:33021]
A Viable Alternative When Propensity Scores Fail: Evaluation of Inverse Propensity Weighting and Sequential G-Estimation in a Two-Wave Mediation Model
Creators: name: Valente, Matthew J.
name: MacKinnon, David P.
name: Mazza, Gina L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Two methods from the potential outcomes framework – inverse propensity weighting (IPW) and sequential G-estimation – were evaluated and compared to linear regression for estimating the mediated effect in a two-wave design with a randomized intervention and continuous mediator and outcome. Baseline measures of the mediator and outcome can be considered confounders of the follow-up mediator – outcome relation for which adjustment is necessary to eliminate bias. To adjust for baseline measures of the mediator and outcome, IPW uses stabilized inverse propensity weights whereas sequential G-estimation uses regression adjustment. Theoretical differences between the models are described, and Monte Carlo simulations compared the performance of linear regression; IPW without weight truncation; IPW with weights truncated at the 1st/99th, 5th/95th, and 10th/90th percentiles; and sequential G-estimation. Sequential G-estimation performed similarly to linear regression, but IPW provided a biased estimate of the mediated effect, lower power, lower confidence interval coverage, and higher mean squared error. Simulation results show that IPW failed to fully adjust the follow-up mediator – outcome relation for confounding due to the baseline measures. We then compared the mediated effect estimates using data from a randomized experiment evaluating a steroid prevention program for high school athletes. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Accessible precisions for estimating two conjugate parameters using Gaussian probes
Creators: name: Assad, Syed M.
name: Li, Jiamin
name: Liu, Yuhong
name: Zhao, Ningbo
name: Zhao, Wen
name: Lam, Ping Koy
name: Ou, Z. Y.
name: Li, Xiaoying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the precision limits for simultaneous estimation of a pair of conjugate parameters in a displacement channel using Gaussian probes. Having a set of squeezed states as an initial resource, we compute the Holevo Cramér-Rao bound to investigate the best achievable estimation precisions if only passive linear operations are allowed to be performed on the resource prior to probing the channel. The analysis reveals the optimal measurement scheme and allows us to quantify the best precision for one parameter when the precision of the second conjugate parameter is fixed. To estimate the conjugate parameter pair with equal precision, our analysis shows that the optimal probe is obtained by combining two squeezed states with orthogonal squeezing quadratures on a 50:50 beam splitter. If different importance are attached to each parameter, then the optimal mixing ratio is no longer 50:50. Instead it follows a simple function of the available squeezing and the relative importance between the two parameters.
Sequence-sorted redox-switchable hetero[3]rotaxanes
Creators: name: Gaedke, Marius
name: Hupatz, Henrik
name: Witte, Felix
name: Rupf, Susanne M.
name: Douglas, Clara
name: Schröder, Hendrik V.
name: Fischer, Lukas
name: Malischewski, Moritz
name: Paulus, Beate
name: Schalley, Christoph A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: blueprint
subject: construction
subject: hetero[3]rotaxanes
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: From a library of five crown ether macrocycles with different ring sizes and redox-active moieties, such as tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and naphthalene dimiide (NDI), directional heterocircuit[3]rotaxanes were constructed. Using an axle with two binding sites with different steric accessibility, the concept of integrative self-sorting was applied to program the sequence of functional units in heteropseudo[3]rotaxanes. Depending on binding strength and ring size of the smaller macrocycles, different heteropseudo[3]rotaxane selectivities and stabilities were determined by 2D NMR spectroscopy and tandem mass spectrometry. A heteropseudo[3]rotaxane with rotaxane-like behaviour was isolated chromatographically, displaying electrochemically “frustrated” properties. A robust synthetic procedure was developed allowing the synthesis of four new hetero[3]rotaxanes incorporating specific sequences of functional units. Sequence pseudoisomeric rotaxanes which have the naphthalene diimide subunit at two different positions show distinct electrochemical properties. DFT calculations suggest that this differences could arise from a folding of the structure, in which the redox-active moieties stack with a stopper unit. This study presents a blueprint for the construction of hetero[3]rotaxanes with sequential control of the functional units along the track of the axle and paves the way to extend the functionality of mechanically interlocked molecules.
The Role of Income in Explaining the Shift from Preserved to Fresh Vegetable Purchases
Creators: name: Ferrier, Peyton M.
name: Zhen, Chen
name: Ferrier, Peyton M.
name: Zhen, Chen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: corner solutions
subject: EASI demand
subject: Engel curve
subject: vegetable demand

description: Between 1991 and 2013, the share of fresh vegetables consumed rose from 47% to 56%. While median incomes grew 7.9%, the growth was uneven, with negligible growth occurring in the bottom two quintiles. Estimating an EASI demand system for fresh and preserved vegetables that accounts for corner solutions, we find that income elasticities are larger for fresh vegetables than for preserved vegetables for consumers in the top three but not the bottom two income quintiles. Simulations accounting for uneven income growth indicate that income growth accounts for 0.7 percentage points of the 9 percentage point increase in fresh share.
Advantages of axially aligned crystals used in positron production at future linear colliders
Creators: name: Artru, X.
name: Chehab, R.
name: Chevallier, M.
name: Strakhovenko, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characteristics of the electron-photon showers initiated by 2 to 10 GeV electrons aligned along the <111>-axis of tungsten crystals are compared with those for the amorphous tungsten . In this energy range, as known, the positron yield at the optimal target thicknesses is larger in a crystal case only by several percent. However, the amount of the energy deposition in a crystal turns out to be considerably (by 20 - 50 %) lower than in an amorphous target providing the same positron yield, while the peak energy-deposition density is approximately of the same magnitude in the both cases.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Soil HONO emissions at high moisture content are driven by microbial nitrate reduction to nitrite: tackling the HONO puzzle
Creators: name: Wu, Dianming
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Behrendt, Thomas
name: Müller, Stefan
name: Li, Jingsong
name: Cole, Jeff A.
name: Xie, Baohua
name: Ju, Xiaotang
name: Li, Guo
name: Ermel, Michael
name: Oswald, Robert
name: Fröhlich-Nowoisky, Janine
name: Hoor, Peter
name: Hu, Chunsheng
name: Liu, Min
name: Andreae, Meinrat O.
name: Pöschl, Ulrich
name: Cheng, Yafang
name: Su, Hang
name: Trebs, Ivonne
name: Weber, Bettina
name: Sörgel, Matthias
Publisher: name: Basingstoke : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biogeochemistry
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Nitrous acid (HONO) is a precursor of the hydroxyl radical (OH), a key oxidant in the degradation of most air pollutants. Field measurements indicate a large unknown source of HONO during the day time. Release of nitrous acid (HONO) from soil has been suggested as a major source of atmospheric HONO. We hypothesize that nitrite produced by biological nitrate reduction in oxygen-limited microzones in wet soils is a source of such HONO. Indeed, we found that various contrasting soil samples emitted HONO at high water-holding capacity (75–140%), demonstrating this to be a widespread phenomenon. Supplemental nitrate stimulated HONO emissions, whereas ethanol (70% v/v) treatment to minimize microbial activities reduced HONO emissions by 80%, suggesting that nitrate-dependent biotic processes are the sources of HONO. High-throughput Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA as well as functional gene transcripts associated with nitrate and nitrite reduction indicated that HONO emissions from soil samples were associated with nitrate reduction activities of diverse Proteobacteria. Incubation of pure cultures of bacterial nitrate reducers and gene-expression analyses, as well as the analyses of mutant strains deficient in nitrite reductases, showed positive correlations of HONO emissions with the capability of microbes to reduce nitrate to nitrite. Thus, we suggest biological nitrate reduction in oxygen-limited microzones as a hitherto unknown source of atmospheric HONO, affecting biogeochemical nitrogen cycling, atmospheric chemistry, and global modeling.
Susceptibility and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in the Haldane gap compound NENP
Creators: name: Huang, Hai
name: Affleck, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Haldane gap material NENP exhibits anomalies in its Knight shift, far infrared absorption and field-dependent gaps, which have been explained using the staggered $g$-tensor that occurs due to the low crystal symmetry. We point out that the low-temperature susceptibility is also anomalous and that a consistent interpretation of all data may require consideration of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
When the going gets tough: Emergence of a complex methane-driven interaction network during recovery from desiccation-rewetting
Creators: name: Kaupper, Thomas
name: Mendes, Lucas W.
name: Lee, Hyo Jung
name: Mo, Yongliang
name: Poehlein, Anja
name: Jia, Zhongjun
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Ho, Adrian
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Community ecology
subject: Methane-based foodweb
subject: Methanotrophs
subject: pmoA
subject: Stable-isotope probing
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::590 | Tiere (Zoologie)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Microorganisms interact in complex communities, affecting microbially-mediated processes in the environment. Particularly, aerobic methanotrophs showed significantly stimulated growth and activity in the presence of accompanying microorganisms in an interaction network (interactome). Yet, little is known of how the interactome responds to disturbances, and how community functioning is affected by the disturbance-induced structuring of the interaction network. Here, we employed a time-series stable isotope probing (SIP) approach using 13C–CH4 coupled to a co-occurrence network analysis after Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 13C-enriched 16S rRNA gene to directly relate the response in methanotrophic activity to the network structure of the interactome after desiccation-rewetting of a paddy soil. Methane uptake rate decreased immediately (<5 days) after short-term desiccation-rewetting. Although the methanotroph subgroups differentially responded to desiccation-rewetting, the metabolically active bacterial community composition, including the methanotrophs, recovered after the disturbance. However, the interaction network was profoundly altered, becoming more complex but, less modular after desiccation-rewetting, despite the recovery in the methanotrophic activity and community composition/abundances. This suggests that the legacy of the disturbance persists in the interaction network. The change in the network structure may have consequences for community functioning with recurring desiccation-rewetting.
The Trade and Health Effects of Tobacco Regulations
Creators: name: Galinato, Gregmar I.
name: Olanie, Aaron Z.
name: Yoder, Jonathan K.
name: Galinato, Gregmar I.
name: Olanie, Aaron Z.
name: Yoder, Jonathan K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: bilateral trade effect
subject: gravity model
subject: mortality
subject: tobacco regulation

description: We examine how cross-country differences in tobacco regulations affect tobacco imports and consumer health. We find that tobacco imports increase when a rich exporter’s tobacco regulations are stringent relative to the regulations of its poor importing trade partner. The main policy driver may be differences in marketing and counter-advertising tobacco regulations between trading partners. If a rich exporting country adopts counter-advertising tobacco regulations, mortality and morbidity from tobacco-related diseases in the poor importing country increase by four and eighty smokers per million people annually, respectively. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for spillovers in an increasingly multilateral economy.
A convexity property for real orbits in complexified Riemannian symmetric spaces
Creators: name: Kroetz, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22Exx

description: A convexity theorem for certain G-orbits in a complexified Riemannian symmetric space G_C/K_C is proved. Applications to analytically continued spherical functions will be given.
description: 13 pages
Quality, Sourcing, and Asymmetric Exchange-Rate Pass-Through into U.S. Coffee Imports
Creators: name: Anders, Sven
name: Fedoseeva, Svetlana
name: Anders, Sven
name: Fedoseeva, Svetlana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: asymmetric cointegration
subject: coffee trade
subject: import demand
subject: NARDL
subject: real exchange rates
subject: trade elasticities

description: Few studies to date have investigated the extent of linkages between long-run asymmetries in bilateral trade and fluctuations in real exchange rates and importer demand in non-oil commodity markets. This paper generates estimates of trade elasticities in U.S. raw coffee imports, applying a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model and explicitly testing the extent to which nonlinearities matter to U.S. commodity sourcing in the short and long run. Models with asymmetries in both exchange rates and U.S. income point to the critical role that asymmetric pass-through plays in explaining long-run dynamics in U.S. import trade for a major commodity supply chain.
Transformation of organic micropollutants along hyporheic flow in bedforms of river-simulating flumes
Creators: name: Jaeger, Anna
name: Posselt, Malte
name: Schaper, Jonas L.
name: Betterle, Andrea
name: Rutere, Cyrus
name: Coll, Claudia
name: Mechelke, Jonas
name: Raza, Muhammad
name: Meinikmann, Karin
name: Portmann, Andrea
name: Blaen, Phillip J.
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Krause, Stefan
name: Lewandowski, Jörg
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Zone
subject: Exchange
subject: Products
subject: Fate
subject: Biotransformation
subject: Attenuation
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmaceuticals
subject: Denitrification
subject: Identification
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Urban streams receive increasing loads of organic micropollutants from treated wastewaters. A comprehensive understanding of the in-stream fate of micropollutants is thus of high interest for water quality management. Bedforms induce pumping effects considerably contributing to whole stream hyporheic exchange and are hotspots of biogeochemical turnover processes. However, little is known about the transformation of micropollutants in such structures. In the present study, we set up recirculating flumes to examine the transformation of a set of micropollutants along single flowpaths in two triangular bedforms. We sampled porewater from four locations in the bedforms over 78 days and analysed the resulting concentration curves using the results of a hydrodynamic model in combination with a reactive transport model accounting for advection, dispersion, first-order removal and retardation. The four porewater sampling locations were positioned on individual flowpaths with median solute travel times ranging from 11.5 to 43.3 h as shown in a hydrodynamic model previously. Highest stability was estimated for hydrochlorothiazide on all flowpaths. Lowest detectable half-lives were estimated for sotalol (0.7 h) and sitagliptin (0.2 h) along the shortest flowpath. Also, venlafaxine, acesulfame, bezafibrate, irbesartan, valsartan, ibuprofen and naproxen displayed lower half-lives at shorter flowpaths in the first bedform. However, the behavior of many compounds in the second bedform deviated from expectations, where particularly transformation products, e.g. valsartan acid, showed high concentrations. Flowpath-specific behavior as observed for metformin or flume-specific behavior as observed for metoprolol acid, for instance, was attributed to potential small-scale or flume-scale heterogeneity of microbial community compositions, respectively. The results of the study indicate that the shallow hyporheic flow field and the small-scale heterogeneity of the microbial community are major controlling factors for the transformation of relevant micropollutants in river sediments. © 2021, The Author(s).
Challenges to Farm Produce Marketing: A Model of Bargaining between Farmers and Middlemen under Risk
Creators: name: Ranjan, Ram
name: Ranjan, Ram
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: agricultural produce marketing
subject: asymmetric bargaining power
subject: drought risks
subject: farm gate price
subject: horticultural price bargaining
subject: market information systems
subject: middlemen in agriculture

description: We present a model of bargaining between farmers and middlemen in which long-term risk considerations by farmers constrain their ability to engage in hard bargaining. In order to avoid the risk of middlemen exiting their region in the future due to hard bargaining, farmers settle for lower prices for their produce. The risks of prolonged drought-induced decline in produce quality and future oversupply of the perishable agricultural commodity also result in lower price outcomes under bargaining. If farmers join a collective that enhances their bargaining power, they tend to be better off when the group is homogeneous.
Interactive regulation of root exudation and rhizosphere denitrification by plant metabolite content and soil properties
Creators: name: Maurer, Daniel
name: Malique, François
name: Alfarraj, Sala
name: Albasher, Gada
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus
name: Dannenmann, Michael
name: Rennenberg, Heinz
Publisher: name: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Denitrification
subject: Leaf and root metabolism
subject: Plant–microbe interaction
subject: Root exudation
subject: Soil properties
subject: denitrification
subject: exudation
subject: microbial activity
subject: rhizosphere
subject: root system
subject: soil microorganism
subject: soil moisture
subject: soil water
subject: soil-vegetation interaction
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Aims: Root exudates are known to shape microbial activities in the rhizosphere and to be of fundamental importance for plant-soil-microbe-carbon–nitrogen interactions. However, it remains unclear how and to what extent the amount and composition of root exudation affects rhizosphere denitrification. Methods: In this study root exudation patterns and rhizosphere denitrification enzyme activity of three different grass species grown on two agricultural soils under two different soil water contents were investigated under controlled conditions. Results: We found that root exudation of primary metabolites largely depends on plant species, soil type, soil moisture and root exudation medium. In dependence of soil properties and soil moisture levels, plants largely controlled amount and quality of root exudation. Exudates affected denitrification activity and plant–microbe competition for nitrate. Specifically, exudation of organic acids stimulated denitrifying activity while the sugar lyxose exhibited an inhibitory effect. Conclusion: We show that interactive effects of physicochemical soil properties and species-specific effects of plant metabolism on root exudation act as a dominant control of rhizosphere denitrification, thereby explaining more than half of its variance. © 2021, The Author(s).
Lindemann melting criterion in two dimensions
Creators: name: Khrapak, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is demonstrated that the Lindemann's criterion of melting can be formulated for two-dimensional classical solids using statistical mechanics arguments. With this formulation the expressions for the melting temperature are equivalent in three and two dimensions. Moreover, in two dimensions the Lindemann's melting criterion essentially coincides with the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless-Halperin-Nelson-Young melting condition of dislocation unbinding.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; to be published in Physical Review Research
Clubiona comta C. L. Koch 1839
Creators: name: Isaia, Marco
name: Paschetta, Mauro
name: Chiarle, Alberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Clubionidae
Clubiona
Clubiona comta

description: Clubiona comta C. L. Koch, 1839
NEW DATA. — Entracque: Tetti Violin, grassland with bushes, 900-1100 m, 10.VI.2011, 1♀ (collected within the PIT Summer School 2011).
CHOROTYPE. — EUR.
MACROHABITAT. — Shrublands.
NOTES. — New record for the study area.
description: Published as part of Isaia, Marco, Paschetta, Mauro & Chiarle, Alberto, 2015, Annotated checklist of the spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Site of Community Importance and Special Area of Conservation " Alpi Marittime " (NW Italy), pp. 57-114 in Zoosystema 37 (1) on page 93, DOI: 10.5252/z2015n1a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4577680
Planar N=4 gauge theory and the Inozemtsev long range spin chain
Creators: name: Serban, D.
name: Staudacher, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate whether the (planar, two complex scalar) dilatation operator of N=4 gauge theory can be, perturbatively and, perhaps, non-perturbatively, described by an integrable long range spin chain with elliptic exchange interaction. Such a chain was introduced some time ago by Inozemtsev. In the limit of sufficiently ``long'' operators a Bethe ansatz exists, which we apply at the perturbative two- and three-loop level. Spectacular agreement is found with spinning string predictions of Frolov and Tseytlin for the two-loop energies of certain large charge operators. However, we then go on to show that the agreement between perturbative gauge theory and semi-classical string theory begins to break down, in a subtle fashion, at the three-loop level. This corroborates a recently found disagreement between three-loop gauge theory and near plane-wave string theory results, and quantitatively explains a previously obtained puzzling deviation between the string proposal and a numerical extrapolation of finite size three-loop anomalous dimensions. At four loops and beyond, we find that the Inozemtsev chain exhibits a generic breakdown of perturbative BMN scaling. However, our proposal is not necessarily limited to perturbation theory, and one would hope that the string theory results can be recovered from the Inozemtsev chain at strong 't Hooft coupling.
description: 31 pages, no figure; v1: one reference added, minor changes; v2: slightly extended discussion of rapidity, references added
The Architecture of the ZEUS Micro Vertex Detector DAQ and Second Level Global Track Trigger
Creators: name: Polini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The architecture of the ZEUS Micro Vertex Detector data acquisition system and the implementation of its second level trigger, the ZEUS Global Track Trigger are described. Data from the vertex detectors HELIX read-out chips, corresponding to 200k channels, are digitized by 3 crates of ADCs which perform noise and pedestal subtraction, and data suppression and compaction. PowerPC VME board computers push cluster data for second level trigger processing and strip data for event building via Fast and Gigabit Ethernet network connections. Additional tracking information from the central tracking chamber and the forward straw tube tracker are interfaced into the 12 dual CPU PC farm of the Global Track Trigger where track and vertex finding is performed. The system is data driven at the ZEUS first level trigger rate (~500Hz) and must generate a trigger result after a mean time of 10ms.
description: Talk from the 2003 Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP03), La Jolla, Ca, USA, March 2003, 10 pagfes, LaTex, 11 eps figures. PSN MOGT005
Testing the Stability of the 2000-2003 US Stock Market "Antibubble"
Creators: name: Zhou, W. -X.
name: Sornette, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Since August 2000, the stock market in the USA as well as most other western markets have depreciated almost in synchrony according to complex patterns of drops and local rebounds. In \cite{SZ02QF}, we have proposed to describe this phenomenon using the concept of a log-periodic power law (LPPL) antibubble, characterizing behavioral herding between investors leading to a competition between positive and negative feedbacks in the pricing process. A monthly prediction for the future evolution of the US S&P 500 index has been issued, monitored and updated in \cite{urlprediction}, which is still running. Here, we test the possible existence of a regime switching in the US S&P 500 antibubble. First, we find some evidence that the antibubble has exhibited a transition in log-periodicity described by a so-called second-order log-periodicity. Second, >...
description: 17 Elsevier Latex (elsart.sty) text pages + 3 tables + 17 eps figures
Text as Neural Operator: Image Manipulation by Text Instruction
Creators: name: Zhang, Tianhao
name: Tseng, Hung-Yu
name: Jiang, Lu
name: Yang, Weilong
name: Lee, Honglak
name: Essa, Irfan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, text-guided image manipulation has gained increasing attention in the multimedia and computer vision community. The input to conditional image generation has evolved from image-only to multimodality. In this paper, we study a setting that allows users to edit an image with multiple objects using complex text instructions to add, remove, or change the objects. The inputs of the task are multimodal including (1) a reference image and (2) an instruction in natural language that describes desired modifications to the image. We propose a GAN-based method to tackle this problem. The key idea is to treat text as neural operators to locally modify the image feature. We show that the proposed model performs favorably against recent strong baselines on three public datasets. Specifically, it generates images of greater fidelity and semantic relevance, and when used as a image query, leads to better retrieval performance.
KAP-COVID-HCW STUDY - Questionnaire.pdf
Creators: name: Olum, Ronald
name: Bongomin, Felix
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111708 Health and Community Services

description: Questionnaire used to assess KAPS among HCW at Makerere University Teaching Hospital
Managing Catastrophic Risk in Agriculture through Ex Ante Subsidized Insurance or Ex Post Disaster Aid
Creators: name: Bulut, Harun
name: Bulut, Harun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: gricultural (crop and livestock) insurance
subject: agricultural risk
subject: catastrophic risk
subject: disaster relief
subject: optimism bias
subject: overconfidence
subject: Stackelberg equilibrium
subject: systemic risk

description: We consider a political economy in which government cares about risk-averse farmers’ loss of income but incurs political cost if it provides monetary support to farmers. Farmers’ expectations of government disaster aid and overconfidence (optimism bias) regarding their risk prevent farmers from purchasing full insurance under actuarially fair rates. Considering this conclusion, government prefers to subsidize farmers’ purchases of insurance ex ante rather than solely relying on disaster aid ex post. The resulting subsidy rate depends on the political environment, the degree of systemic risk, the distribution of farmers’ risk preferences, and the nature and distribution of farmers’ risk perceptions.
Pt and CoB trilayer Josephson $π$ junctions with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
Creators: name: Satchell, N.
name: Mitchell, T.
name: Shepley, P. M.
name: Darwin, E.
name: Hickey, B. J.
name: Burnell, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the electrical transport properties of Nb based Josephson junctions with Pt/Co$_{68}$B$_{32}$/Pt ferromagnetic barriers. The barriers exhibit perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, which has the main advantage for potential applications over magnetisation in-plane systems of not affecting the Fraunhofer response of the junction. In addition, we report that there is no magnetic dead layer at the Pt/Co$_{68}$B$_{32}$ interfaces, allowing us to study barriers with ultra-thin Co$_{68}$B$_{32}$. In the junctions, we observe that the magnitude of the critical current oscillates with increasing thickness of the Co$_{68}$B$_{32}$ strong ferromagnetic alloy layer. The oscillations are attributed to the ground state phase difference across the junctions being modified from zero to $π$. The multiple oscillations in the thickness range $0.2~\leqslant~d_\text{CoB}~\leqslant~1.4$~nm suggests that we have access to the first zero-$π$ and $π$-zero phase transitions. Our results fuel the development of low-temperature memory devices based on ferromagnetic Josephson junctions.
description: Main text: 11 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Supplementary information: 9 pages, 5 figures
The Agro ecological Knowledge Hub: a project legacy from UNISECO
Creators: name: Balázs, Katalin
name: Schwarz, Gerald
name: Miller, David
name: Ruškutė, Eglė
name: Cazacu, Mara
name: Monteleone, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: UNISECO H2020 project
Agro-ecological Knowledge Hub
project legacy
European Union

description: agroecology-knowledgehub.eu
 agroecologyknowledgehub.eu Presentation at the UNISECO H2020 Final Conference, 18-19 March 2021
 https://uniseco-project.eu/final-conference UNISECO is a European research project aiming to develop innovative approaches to enhance the understanding of socio-economic and policy drivers and barriers for further development and implementation of agro-ecological practices in EU farming systems. Learn more about the project: https://uniseco-project.eu/ This project has received funding from the European Union's H2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 773901.