cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
CFP - Transamerican Art Pioneers
Creators: name: Lefrançois, Frédéric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Aesthetics
subject: Caribbean
subject: Americas
subject: Diasporas
subject: Diaspora
subject: Transamerica
subject: Visual arts
subject: Performing Arts
subject: Transnational Studies
subject: Cultural Studies
subject: FOS: Other humanities
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: A prospective thematic issue of the journal Angles: New Perspectives on the Anglophone World? The topic is: "Transamerican Art Pioneers: in the Footsteps of Diasporan Aesthetics."
NLO QCD and electroweak corrections to $WWW$ production at the LHC
Creators: name: Yong-Bai, Shen
name: Ren-You, Zhang
name: Wen-Gan, Ma
name: Xiao-Zhou, Li
name: Lei, Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we calculate the next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD $[{\cal O}(α_s α^3)]$ and electroweak (EW) $[{\cal O}(α^4)]$ corrections to the $WWW$ production at the LHC and deal with the subsequent leptonic decays from $W$ bosons by adopting an improved narrow-width approximation which takes into account the spin correlation and finite-width effects. The NLO QCD correction from the real jet radiation is discussed, which significantly enhances the production rate, particularly in the high-energy region. We also provide the integrated cross section for the $WWW$ production and various kinematic distributions of final products at the QCD+EW NLO. We find that the convergence of the perturbative QCD description can be improved by applying a hard jet veto in the event selection, but this jet veto would introduce a new source of theoretical uncertainty. The pure NLO QCD relative correction to the integrated cross section for the $W^+W^-W^+$ production at the $14~{\rm TeV}$ LHC is on the order of $30\%$ in the jet-veto event selection scheme with $p^{\, {\rm cut}}_{T,\, {\rm jet}} = 50~{\rm GeV}$, while the genuine NLO EW relative correction can reach about $15\%$ in the inclusive event selection scheme. Our numerical results show that both the NLO QCD and NLO EW corrections should be taken into consideration in precision predictions.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
Controlling congestion on complex networks: fairness, efficiency and network structure
Creators: name: Buzna, Lubos
name: Carvalho, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider two elementary (max-flow and uniform-flow) and two realistic (max-min fairness and proportional fairness) congestion control schemes, and analyse how the algorithms and network structure affect throughput, the fairness of flow allocation, and the location of bottleneck edges. The more realistic proportional fairness and max-min fairness algorithms have similar throughput, but path flow allocations are more unequal in scale-free than in random regular networks. Scale-free networks have lower throughput than their random regular counterparts in the uniform-flow algorithm, which is favoured in the complex networks literature. We show, however, that this relation is reversed on all other congestion control algorithms for a region of the parameter space given by the degree exponent $γ$ and average degree ${k}$. Moreover, the uniform-flow algorithm severely underestimates the network throughput of congested networks, and a rich phenomenology of path flow allocations is only present in the more realistic $α$-fair family of algorithms. Finally, we show that the number of paths passing through an edge characterises the location of a wide range of bottleneck edges in these algorithms. Such identification of bottlenecks could provide a bridge between the two fields of complex networks and congestion control.
description: published
Equivalence of Quantum Metrics with a common domain
Creators: name: Latremoliere, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L89, 46L30, 58B34

description: We characterize Lipschitz morphisms between quantum compact metric spaces as those *-morphisms which preserve the domain of certain noncommutative analogues of Lipschitz seminorms, namely lower semi-continuous Lip-norms. As a corollary, lower semi-continuous Lip-norms with a shared domain are in fact equivalent. We then note that when a family of lower semi-continuous Lip-norms are uniformly equivalent, then they give rise to totally bounded classes of quantum compact metric spaces, and we apply this observation to several examples of perturbations of quantum metric spaces. We also construct the noncommutative generalization of the Lipschitz distance between quantum compact metric spaces.
description: 20 pages
Accuracy of 4 digital scanning systems on prepared teethdigitally isolated from a complete dental arch
Creators: name: Medina-Sotomayor, Priscilla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320399
subject: Dentistry not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320302
subject: Dental materials and equipment

description: Statement of problem. The accuracy of digital scanners is acceptable for scanning a complete dental arch. However, whether that accuracy is sufficient for only 1 tooth within the dental scan of a complete dental arch is unclear.Purpose. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the accuracy of 4 intraoral scanners on a complete dental arch and on prepared teeth digitally isolated from the digital scan in terms of trueness and precision.Material and methods. A model of a complete dental arch with tooth preparations was scanned 40 times with each of the 4 digital scanners. Their accuracy was evaluated by using 3-dimensional (3D) software to compare the test models with a highly accurate reference model. The data were digitally processed to isolate the prepared teeth and evaluate them in the same way. The data were statistically analyzed using the Levene test and the Tamhane’s T2 test (a=.05).Results. In scans of a complete dental arch, the True Definition scanner had the best accuracy values, followed by TRIOS, iTero, and Omnicam. For prepared teeth isolated from the dental arch, both True Definition and TRIOS had the best values, followed by iTero and Omnicam.Conclusions. In both long-span scans of the complete dental arch and isolated prepared teeth, the True Definition scanner had the greatest accuracy, closely followed by TRIOS
MIMAC low energy electron-recoil discrimination measured with fast neutrons
Creators: name: Riffard, Q.
name: Santos, D.
name: Guillaudin, O.
name: Bosson, G.
name: Bourrion, O.
name: Bouvier, J.
name: Descombes, T.
name: Muraz, J. -F.
name: Lebreton, L.
name: Maire, D.
name: Colas, P.
name: Giomataris, I.
name: Busto, J.
name: Fouchez, D.
name: Brunner, J.
name: Tao, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MIMAC (MIcro-TPC MAtrix of Chambers) is a directional WIMP Dark Matter detector project. Direct dark matter experiments need a high level of electron/recoil discrimination to search for nuclear recoils produced by WIMP-nucleus elastic scattering. In this paper, we proposed an original method for electron event rejection based on a multivariate analysis applied to experimental data acquired using monochromatic neutron fields. This analysis shows that a $10^5$ rejection power is reachable for electron/recoil discrimination. Moreover, the efficiency was estimated by a Monte-Carlo simulation showing that a 105 electron rejection power is reached with a $86.49\pm 0.17$\% nuclear recoil efficiency considering the full energy range and $94.67\pm0.19$\% considering a 5~keV lower threshold.
description: 27 pages, 20 figures
Quantum correlations for the metric
Creators: name: Wetterich, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the correlation function for the metric for homogeneous and isotropic cosmologies. The exact propagator equation determines the correlation function as the inverse of the second functional derivative of the quantum effective action. This formulation relates the metric correlation function employed in quantum gravity computations to cosmological observables as the graviton power spectrum. In the Einstein-Hilbert approximation for the effective action the on-shell graviton correlation function can be obtained equivalently from a product of mode functions which solve the linearized Einstein equations. In contrast, the product of mode functions, often employed in the context of cosmology, does not yield the correlation function for the vector and scalar components of the metric fluctuations. We divide the metric fluctuations into "physical fluctuations", which couple to a conserved energy momentum tensor, and gauge fluctuations. On the subspace of physical metric fluctuations the relation to physical sources becomes invertible, such that the effective action and its relation to correlation functions no longer needs to involve a gauge fixing term. The physical metric fluctuations have a similar status as the Bardeen potentials, while being formulated in a covariant way. We compute the effective action for the physical metric fluctuations for geometries corresponding to realistic cosmologies.
description: extended discussion of off-shell propagator and mode functions, new references, 38 pages
Climate Change Research in View of Bibliometrics
Creators: name: Haunschild, Robin
name: Bornmann, Lutz
name: Marx, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This bibliometric study of a large publication set dealing with research on climate change aims at mapping the relevant literature from a bibliometric perspective and presents a multitude of quantitative data: (1) The growth of the overall publication output as well as (2) of some major subfields, (3) the contributing journals and countries as well as their citation impact, and (4) a title word analysis aiming to illustrate the time evolution and relative importance of specific research topics. The study is based on 222,060 papers published between 1980 and 2014. The total number of papers shows a strong increase with a doubling every 5-6 years. Continental biomass related research is the major subfield, closely followed by climate modeling. Research dealing with adaptation, mitigation, risks, and vulnerability of global warming is comparatively small, but their share of papers increased exponentially since 2005. Research on vulnerability and on adaptation published the largest proportion of very important papers. Research on climate change is quantitatively dominated by the USA, followed by the UK, Germany, and Canada. The citation-based indicators exhibit consistently that the UK has produced the largest proportion of high impact papers compared to the other countries (having published more than 10,000 papers). The title word analysis shows that the term climate change comes forward with time. Furthermore, the term impact arises and points to research dealing with the various effects of climate change. Finally, the term model and related terms prominently appear independent of time, indicating the high relevance of climate modeling.
description: 40 pages, 6 figures, and 4 tables
Open-Source-Software zur Realisierung von Institutionellen Repositories
Creators: name: Dobratz, Susanne
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Universitätsbibliothek der Humboldt-Universität
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
subject: 004 Informatik

description: Institutionelle Repositorien sind ein wesentliches Instrument, um Open Access sowohl auf dem grünen als auch auf dem goldenen Weg in die Praxis umzusetzen. Der vorliegende Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die derzeit in Deutschland eingesetzten Softwaresysteme, mit denen Institutionelle Repositorien technisch umgesetzt werden können und beleuchtet diese Lösungen unter den Anforderungen des DINI-Zertifikats für Dokumenten- und Publikationsservices 2007. Speziell werden erläutert: Opus, DSpace, EPrints, MyCoRe, Fedora.
description: Institutional repositories are a fundamental instrument for the implementation of open access using either the green road or the golden road. This article provides an overview of the software systems currently being used in Germany to operate institutional repositories and sheds light on these systems in terms of the currently valid (2007) certification for document and publication services established and administered by the non-profit association DINI (German Initiative for Network Information). Software given particular attention includes Opus, DSpace, EPrints, MyCoRe, and Fedora.
Hodge Theory and Deformations of Affine Cones of Subcanonical Projective Varieties
Creators: name: Di Natale, Carmelo
name: Fatighenti, Enrico
name: Fiorenza, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the relation between the Hodge theory of a smooth subcanonical $n$-dimensional projective variety $X$ and the deformation theory of the affine cone $A_X$ over $X$. We start by identifying $H^{n-1,1}_{\mathrm{prim}}(X)$ as a distinguished graded component of the module of first order deformations of $A_X$, and later on we show how to identify the whole primitive cohomology of $X$ as a distinguished graded component of the Hochschild cohomology module of the punctured affine cone over $X$. In the particular case of a projective smooth hypersurface $X$ we recover Griffiths' isomorphism between the primitive cohomology of $X$ and certain distinguished graded components of the Milnor algebra of a polynomial defining $X$. The main result of the article can be effectively exploited to compute Hodge numbers of smooth subcanonical projective varieties. We provide a few example computation, as well a SINGULAR code, for Fano and Calabi-Yau threefolds.
description: Final version, to appear in the Journal of the London Mathematical Society. A few minor additions have been made after the final report from the journal was received, so they will not appear in the journal version
Solute-Induced Heterogeneities in the Deformation Behavior of Face- Centered Cubic Solid Solutions
Creators: name: Jagatramka, Ritesh
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: The competition between deformation mechanisms underpins the mesoscale plastic response of materials. The onset of deformation mechanisms has been well-documented in the literature through models based on phenomenological relations which are often related to energy barriers associated with different defect structures. In this work, a framework based on the kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) approach is developed to predict the evolution of mechanism competition beyond incipient stages using the generalized planar fault energy (GPFE) landscape and intrinsic material properties as inputs. These results are leveraged to derive an analytical model for the evolution of the fault fraction, fault densities, and partitioning of plastic strains among deformation mechanisms. The application of the proposed models led to the development of a descriptor of competition for different mechanisms under extended deformation. The tools developed here shed light on the deformation behavior of pure FCC metals but there is a limited understanding of how these mechanisms evolve in solid solutions. To address this shortcoming, constitutive frameworks that study the evolution of deformation behavior in solid solutions are developed. The varied atomic arrangements of solid solutions introduce fluctuations in the potential energy (PE) landscapes. The effect of local fluctuations in the GPFE landscape on the evolution of deformation twinning (DT) microstructures in randomly arranged FCC solid solutions is examined. The predictions of the deformation morphologies were validated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. These contributions provide frameworks to study the deformation behavior of materials; however, they are based on computationally expensive simulations making it difficult to explore all system compositions. To that end, this thesis provides statistical equations to predict PE statistics making it possible to rapidly chart material properties in the vast compositional space of solid solutions. Using these statistical relations energy landscapes like cohesive energy, GPFE, and vacancy energies are studied. The most important contributions of this thesis are rapid analytical models that explore energy landscapes of solid solutions and predict mechanism competition evolution in FCC metals and alloys. These products can be used to aid future materials design by passing nanoscale deformation physics upwards to the continuum scales.
Use of multisensory features to improve accessibility to VR environments
Creators: name: Maimon, Amber
name: Wald, Iddo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Slides of the webinar "Use of multisensory features to improve accessibility to VR environments", held in June 22nd, 2023, and part of the GuestXR webinar series "Fostering inclusion and social interaction in XR".
SO(d,1)-invariant Yang-Baxter operators and the dS/CFT correspondence
Creators: name: Hollands, Stefan
name: Lechner, Gandalf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model for the dS/CFT correspondence. The model is constructed in terms of a "Yang-Baxter operator" $R$ for unitary representations of the deSitter group $SO(d,1)$. This $R$-operator is shown to satisfy the Yang-Baxter equation, unitarity, as well as certain analyticity relations, including in particular a crossing symmetry. With the aid of this operator we construct: a) A chiral (light-ray) conformal quantum field theory whose internal degrees of freedom transform under the given unitary representation of $SO(d,1)$. By analogy with the $O(N)$ non-linear sigma model, this chiral CFT can be viewed as propagating in a deSitter spacetime. b) A (non-unitary) Euclidean conformal quantum field theory on ${\mathbb R}^{d-1}$, where $SO(d,1)$ now acts by conformal transformations in (Euclidean) spacetime. These two theories can be viewed as dual to each other if we interpret ${\mathbb R}^{d-1}$ as conformal infinity of deSitter spacetime. Our constructions use semi-local generator fields defined in terms of $R$ and abstract methods from operator algebras.
description: Minor changes in formulations and presentation. 48 pages
Complete construction of magical, symmetric and homogeneous N=2 supergravities as double copies of gauge theories
Creators: name: Chiodaroli, Marco
name: Gunaydin, Murat
name: Johansson, Henrik
name: Roiban, Radu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that scattering amplitudes in magical, symmetric or homogeneous N=2 Maxwell-Einstein supergravities can be obtained as double copies of two gauge theories, using the framework of color/kinematics duality. The left-hand-copy is N=2 super-Yang-Mills theory coupled to a hypermultiplet, whereas the right-hand-copy is a non-supersymmetric theory that can be identified as the dimensional reduction of a D-dimensional Yang-Mills theory coupled to P fermions. For generic D and P, the double copy gives homogeneous supergravities. For P=1 and D=7,8,10,14, it gives the magical supergravities. We compute explicit amplitudes, discuss their soft limit and study the UV-behavior at one loop.
description: 6 pages, PDFLaTex, published version
Gamma-ray Limits on Neutrino Lines
Creators: name: Queiroz, Farinaldo S.
name: Yaguna, Carlos E.
name: Weniger, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MMonochromatic neutrinos from dark matter annihilations ($χχ\to ν\barν$) are always produced in association with a gamma-ray spectrum generated by electroweak bremsstrahlung. Consequently, these neutrino lines can be searched for not only with neutrino detectors but also indirectly with gamma-ray telescopes. Here, we derive limits on the dark matter annihilation cross section into neutrinos based on recent Fermi-LAT and HESS data. We find that, for dark matter masses above 200 GeV, gamma-ray data actually set the most stringent constraints on neutrino lines from dark matter annihilation and, therefore, an upper bound on the dark matter total annihilation cross section. In addition, we point out that gamma-ray telescopes, unlike neutrino detectors, have the potential to distinguish the flavor of the final state neutrino. Our results indicate that we have already entered into a new era where gamma-ray telescopes are more sensitive than neutrino detectors to neutrino lines from dark matter annihilation.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. It matches published version
title: The T cell senescence in breast cancer
Creators: name: Denariyakoon, Sikrit
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2024

description: The T cell senescence in breast cancer
Abstract
Background: The cancer-immune cell crosstalk is a common immune-evasion mechanism of cancer. This crosstalk can result in epigenetic changes in immune phenotypes to accelerate tumor growth and metastasis. Senescent T lymphocytes are formed during T cell differentiation, and are recently described as one of the dysfunctional T cells in cancer. In breast cancer, estrogen does not only regulate normal physiology in females, but is also involved in cancer development and cancer treatment. It may also attenuate senescent phenotypes, and increase DNA damage in several cell-lines. This thesis therefore examined for the presence of senescent T lymphocytes in breast cancer patients, the effects of breast cancer on epigenetic changes in circulating immune cells, and the effects of estrogen hormones on senescent T lymphocytes.
Methods: The in-vitro co-culture of cancer sera and normal leukocytes were examined for the methylation level by COBRA Alu technique. Senescent T cells were examined for β-galactosidase, CD28, and CD57 in breast cancer patients by flow cytometry technique. In addition, cellular senescence models were created by adding etoposide. Addition of estrogen hormones were performed in cellular senescence models, and DNA damage markers, including phospho-γH2AX, p53, and p21 were examined by flow cytometry. The statistical significance was considered as p-value < 0.05. The analysis was performed using IBM SPSS software.
Results: The breast cancer serum was found to epigenetically modify to normal leukocytes. The aging-associated epigenetic changes were correlated with cancer prognosis. In clinical samples, the non-exhausted senescent phenotypes were correlated with the progression of age, and the increase in these phenotypes was found in breast cancer patients. Moreover, these senescent phenotypes were prematurely presented in breast cancer patients. In cellular senescence models, the supplement of estrogen improved senescent phenotypes, and seemed to have DNA damage attenuation effects.
Conclusion: The Alu hypomethylation in the in-vitro models seemed to be associated with early progressive disease, and the hypomethylated PBMCs might relate to senescence phenotypes. The presence of non-exhausted senescent T cell was found in breast cancer patients, and seemed to increase in metastatic setting. The supplement of E2 could attenuate the senescent phenotypes in cellular senescence models.
Twist-bend coupling and the torsional response of double-stranded DNA
Creators: name: Nomidis, S. K.
name: Kriegel, F.
name: Vanderlinden, W.
name: Lipfert, J.
name: Carlon, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Recent magnetic tweezers experiments have reported systematic deviations of the twist response of double-stranded DNA from the predictions of the twistable worm-like chain model. Here we show, by means of analytical results and computer simulations, that these discrepancies can be resolved if a coupling between twist and bend is introduced. We obtain an estimate of 40 $\pm$ 10 nm for the twist-bend coupling constant. Our simulations are in good agreement with high-resolution, magnetic-tweezers torque data. Although the existence of twist-bend coupling was predicted long ago (Marko and Siggia, Macromolecules 27, 981 (1994)), its effects on the mechanical properties of DNA have been so far largely unexplored. We expect that this coupling plays an important role in several aspects of DNA statics and dynamics.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Supplemental Material included
The emergence of productive non-medical -itis
Creators: name: Lüdeling, Anke
name: Evert, Stefan
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Measuring morphological productivity
subject: word-formation processes
subject: qualitative productivity
subject: quantitative productivity
subject: 400 Sprachwissenschaft, Linguistik

description: No natural language has a closed vocabulary (Kornai 2002). In addition to mechanisms to add to the base vocabulary, like borrowing, shortening, creativity etc. the productivity of morphological processes can form new complex entries. Some word formation processes can be used to form new words more easily than others. This fact, called morphological productivity, has been recognized for a long time and discussed from many points of view (see for example Aronoff 1976; Booij 1977; Baayen and Lieber 1991; Baayen 1992; Plag 1999; Bauer 2001; Baayen 2001; Nishimoto 2004). This paper is concerned with evidence for different aspects of morphological productivity. Our claim is that the problem of productivity can only be understood when different kinds of evidence – quantitative and qualitative – are combined. We will try to understand more about the interaction of qualitative and quantitative aspects of morphological productivity. We illustrate our claim by looking at a morphological element that has not received much attention in morphological descriptions yet: German -itis.1
Die Wirkung des 5-HT 1A-Agonisten 8-OH-DPAT auf die Serotoninfreisetzung im lateralen Hypothalamus und des Fressverhalten der Ratte
Creators: name: Kienzle, Frederike Bianca
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Serotonin
subject: Hypothalamus
subject: Fressverhalten
subject: Mikrodialyse
subject: Feeding behaviour
subject: Microdialysis
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 33 Medizin

description: Serotonin (5-HT) nimmt eine wichtige Rolle in der Regulation von Nahrungsaufnahme ein. Erhöhte 5-HT-Freisetzung hemmt die Nahrungsaufnahme. Der 5-HT1A-Rezeptor liegt sowohl somatodendritisch als auch postsynaptisch vor. Seine Stimulation mit 8-OH-DPAT vermindert die 5-HT-Freisetzung. Die in-vivo-Mikrodialyse ermöglichte uns eine kontinuierliche Messung von extrazellulärem 5-HT im lateralen Hypothalamus an der frei beweglichen Ratte. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen einen Abfall der 5-HT-Freisetzung bei satten Ratten, nicht jedoch wenn diesen nach Substanzgabe Futter angeboten wurde. Bei hungrigen Ratten war nach Substanzgabe keine signifikante Veränderung in der 5-HT-Freisetzung zu messen. Zusammenfassend wird mit der vorliegenden Studie erstmals die Wirkung von 8-OH-DPAT auf die 5-HT-Freisetzung im LHA in Abhängigkeit von unterschiedlichen Motivationszuständen in Verbindung mit Nahrungsaufnahme gezeigt.
description: Serotonin (5-HT) is an important mediator of satiety. Increase of 5-HT release inhibits food intake. 8-OH-DPAT, an agonist at the somatodendritic 5-HT1A autoreceptor, reduces serotonergic activity and induces food intake. With the technique of in vivo microdialysis we were able to measure continuously extracellular 5-HT in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) in freely moving rats under different feeding conditions. The present results show a decrease of 5-HT release in freely feeding rats after administration of 8-OH-DPAT. This effect was not obtained when offering food after drug application. In contrast, no significant effect in 5-HT release after application of 8-OH-DPAT in food deprived rats was measured. In summery this study demonstrates the effect of 8-OH-DPAT on the 5-HT release in LHA of freely moving rat depending on the different feeding conditions.
Extending Fermi-LAT and H.E.S.S. Limits on Gamma-ray Lines from Dark Matter Annihilation
Creators: name: Profumo, Stefano
name: Queiroz, Farinaldo S.
name: Yaguna, Carlos E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray lines from dark matter annihilation ($χχ\to γX$, where $X=γ,h,Z$) are always accompanied, at lower energies, by a continuum gamma-ray spectrum stemming both from radiative corrections ($X=γ$) and from the decay debris of the second particle possibly present in the final state ($X=h,Z$). This model-independent gamma-ray emission can be exploited to derive novel limits on gamma-ray lines that do not rely on the line-feature. Although such limits are not expected to be as stringent, they can be used to probe the existence of $γ$-ray lines for dark matter masses beyond the largest energies accessible to current telescopes. Here, we use continuous gamma-ray searches from Fermi-LAT observations of Milky Way dwarf spheroidal galaxies and from H.E.S.S. observations of the Galactic Halo to extend the limits on the annihilation cross sections into monochromatic photons to dark matter masses well beyond $500$ GeV (Fermi-LAT) and $20$ TeV (H.E.S.S.). In this large mass regime, our results provide the first constraints on $γ$-ray lines from dark matter annihilation.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures. To appear in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Can we close the Bohr-Einstein quantum debate?
Creators: name: Kupczynski, Marian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments allowed concluding that Bell-type inequalities are indeed violated thus it is important to understand what it means and how can we explain the existence of strong correlations between outcomes of distant measurements. Do we have to announce that: Einstein was wrong, Nature is nonlocal and nonlocal correlations are produced due to the quantum magic and emerge, somehow, from outside space time? Fortunately such conclusions are unfounded because if supplementary parameters describing measuring instruments are correctly incorporated in a theoretical model then Bell-type inequalities may not be proven .We construct a simple probabilistic model explaining these correlations in a locally causal way. In our model measurement outcomes are neither predetermined nor produced in irreducibly random way. We explain in detail why, contrary to the general belief; an introduction of setting dependent parameters does not restrict experimenters' freedom of choice. Since the violation of Bell-type inequalities does not allow concluding that Nature is nonlocal and that quantum theory is complete thus the Bohr-Einstein quantum debate may not be closed. The continuation of this debate is not only important for a better understanding of Nature but also for various practical applications of quantum phenomena.
description: 23 pages, 15 formulas, 94 references. This is a fourth version of the paper. Section 3 was extended.3 formulas and 2 references are added and remaining misprints were corrected. Paper is accepted for publication and will be published soon
Collaborative Information Bottleneck
Creators: name: Vera, Matías
name: Vega, Leonardo Rey
name: Piantanida, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates a multi-terminal source coding problem under a logarithmic loss fidelity which does not necessarily lead to an additive distortion measure. The problem is motivated by an extension of the Information Bottleneck method to a multi-source scenario where several encoders have to build cooperatively rate-limited descriptions of their sources in order to maximize information with respect to other unobserved (hidden) sources. More precisely, we study fundamental information-theoretic limits of the so-called: (i) Two-way Collaborative Information Bottleneck (TW-CIB) and (ii) the Collaborative Distributed Information Bottleneck (CDIB) problems. The TW-CIB problem consists of two distant encoders that separately observe marginal (dependent) components $X_1$ and $X_2$ and can cooperate through multiple exchanges of limited information with the aim of extracting information about hidden variables $(Y_1,Y_2)$, which can be arbitrarily dependent on $(X_1,X_2)$. On the other hand, in CDIB there are two cooperating encoders which separately observe $X_1$ and $X_2$ and a third node which can listen to the exchanges between the two encoders in order to obtain information about a hidden variable $Y$. The relevance (figure-of-merit) is measured in terms of a normalized (per-sample) multi-letter mutual information metric (log-loss fidelity) and an interesting tradeoff arises by constraining the complexity of descriptions, measured in terms of the rates needed for the exchanges between the encoders and decoders involved. Inner and outer bounds to the complexity-relevance region of these problems are derived from which optimality is characterized for several cases of interest. Our resulting theoretical complexity-relevance regions are finally evaluated for binary symmetric and Gaussian statistical models.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Information Theory (revised, 29, 7 figures)
Incision of Submarine Channels Over Pockmark Trains in the South China Sea
Creators: name: Yu, Kaiqi
name: Miramontes, Elda
name: Alves, Tiago M.
name: Li, Wei
name: Liang, Linlin
name: Li, Shuang
name: Zhan, Wenhuan
name: Wu, Shiguo
Publisher: name: AGU Publications
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Bottom current
subject: turbidity current
subject: submarine channels
subject: deep sea
subject: seepage
subject: 550

description: The genesis of submarine channels is often controlled by gravity flows, but channels can also be formed by oceanographic processes. Using multibeam bathymetry and two-dimensional seismic data from the western South China Sea, this study reveals how pockmarks can ultimately form channels under the effect of bottom currents and gravity-driven sedimentary processes. We demonstrate that alongslope and across-slope channels were initiated by pockmark trains on the seafloor. Discrete pockmarks were elongated due to the erosion of gravity-driven sedimentary processes and bottom currents, and later coalesced to form immature channels with irregular thalwegs. These gradually evolved into mature channels with continuous overbanks and smooth thalwegs. Submarine channel evolution was significantly influenced by seafloor topography since the Late Miocene. The evolutionary model documented here is a key to understanding how channels are formed in deep-water environments.
Channel inception through bottom‐current erosion of pockmarks revealed by numerical simulation
Creators: name: Yu, Kaiqi
name: Lefebvre, Alice
name: Li, Wei
name: Zhan, Wenhuan
name: Miramontes, Elda
Publisher: name: Fachbereich 05: Geowissenschaften (FB 05)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Channel inception
subject: Bottom current erosion
subject: Pockmark
subject: Numerical Simulation
subject: Morphological evolution
subject: 550

description: In deep-marine environments, the inception of channels can be induced by the interaction between bottom currents and rough topography. However, it is still unclear under which conditions such features can form and what happens in the earliest phase of channel development. In this study, based on the morphological, sedimentary and oceanographic settings of a pockmark field in the NW South China Sea, we reveal the process of channel inception through the erosion of pockmarks by bottom currents. Using numerical simulations, we show that an appropriate current velocity can induce the erosion of pockmark trains in cohesive sediments, leading to the coalescence of discrete pockmarks and the formation of a channel with a rough thalweg. The interaction of bottom currents with the pockmarks induces a significant erosion along the pockmarks axis. Bottom current erosion is strongest at the downstream edges of pockmarks, where the horizontal velocity reaches a maximum and an upwelling forms. Erosion increases as the distance between pockmarks reduces. In our simulation results, a channel is only formed by the coalescence of pockmarks if the distance between pockmarks is <6 times the diameter of the pockmark. This study provides evidence of the formation of channels by bottom currents, which helps reconstruct paleoceanographic conditions based on sediment architecture. It also shows the complex hydrodynamics at these structures that strongly control sedimentary processes and may affect distribution of benthic ecosystems in marine environments.
Dehydration as a Universal Mechanism for Ion Selectivity in Graphene and Other Atomically Thin Pores
Creators: name: Sahu, Subin
name: Di Ventra, Massimiliano
name: Zwolak, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ion channels play a key role in regulating cell behavior and in electrical signaling. In these settings, polar and charged functional groups -- as well as protein response -- compensate for dehydration in an ion-dependent way, giving rise to the ion selective transport critical to the operation of cells. Dehydration, though, yields ion-dependent free-energy barriers and thus is predicted to give rise to selectivity by itself. However, these barriers are typically so large that they will suppress the ion currents to undetectable levels. Here, we establish that graphene displays a measurable dehydration-only mechanism for selectivity of $\mathrm{K}^+$ over $\mathrm{Cl}^-$. This fundamental mechanism -- one that depends only on the geometry and hydration -- is the starting point for selectivity for all channels and pores. Moreover, while we study selectivity of $\mathrm{K}^+$ over $\mathrm{Cl}^-$, we find that dehydration-based selectivity functions for all ions, i.e., cation over cation selectivity (e.g., $\mathrm{K}^+$ over $\mathrm{Na}^+$). Its likely detection in graphene pores resolves conflicting experimental results, as well as presents a new paradigm for characterizing the operation of ion channels and engineering molecular/ionic selectivity in filtration and other applications.
description: 27 pages
Fast Gibbs sampling for high-dimensional Bayesian inversion
Creators: name: Lucka, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Solving ill-posed inverse problems by Bayesian inference has recently attracted considerable attention. Compared to deterministic approaches, the probabilistic representation of the solution by the posterior distribution can be exploited to explore and quantify its uncertainties. In applications where the inverse solution is subject to further analysis procedures, this can be a significant advantage. Alongside theoretical progress, various new computational techniques allow to sample very high dimensional posterior distributions: In [Lucka2012], a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) posterior sampler was developed for linear inverse problems with $\ell_1$-type priors. In this article, we extend this single component Gibbs-type sampler to a wide range of priors used in Bayesian inversion, such as general $\ell_p^q$ priors with additional hard constraints. Besides a fast computation of the conditional, single component densities in an explicit, parameterized form, a fast, robust and exact sampling from these one-dimensional densities is key to obtain an efficient algorithm. We demonstrate that a generalization of slice sampling can utilize their specific structure for this task and illustrate the performance of the resulting slice-within-Gibbs samplers by different computed examples. These new samplers allow us to perform sample-based Bayesian inference in high-dimensional scenarios with certain priors for the first time, including the inversion of computed tomography (CT) data with the popular isotropic total variation (TV) prior.
description: submitted to "Inverse Problems"
DDoS Attacks in Cloud Computing: Issues, Taxonomy, and Future Directions
Creators: name: Somani, Gaurav
name: Gaur, Manoj Singh
name: Sanghi, Dheeraj
name: Conti, Mauro
name: Buyya, Rajkumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.0

description: Security issues related to the cloud computing are relevant to various stakeholders for an informed cloud adoption decision. Apart from data breaches, the cyber security research community is revisiting the attack space for cloud-specific solutions as these issues affect budget, resource management, and service quality. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is one such serious attack in the cloud space. In this paper, we present developments related to DDoS attack mitigation solutions in the cloud. In particular, we present a comprehensive survey with a detailed insight into the characterization, prevention, detection, and mitigation mechanisms of these attacks. Additionally, we present a comprehensive solution taxonomy to classify DDoS attack solutions. We also provide a comprehensive discussion on important metrics to evaluate various solutions. This survey concludes that there is a strong requirement of solutions, which are designed keeping utility computing models in mind. Accurate auto-scaling decisions, multi-layer mitigation, and defense using profound resources in the cloud, are some of the key requirements of the desired solutions. In the end, we provide a definite guideline on effective solution building and detailed solution requirements to help the cyber security research community in designing defense mechanisms. To the best of our knowledge, this work is a novel attempt to identify the need of DDoS mitigation solutions involving multi-level information flow and effective resource management during the attack.
description: Published in Computer Communications, Volume 107, 2017, Eslevier
Systematic Review of Genomic Associations with Blood Pressure and Hypertension in African-ancestry Populations
Creators: name: Singh, Surina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Cardiovascular Diseases
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Genetics and Genomics

description: This is a Systematic Review of Genomic Associations, based on genome-wide association studies (GWASs), with Blood Pressure and Hypertension in African-ancestry Populations.
Sato-Tate Distributions
Creators: name: Sutherland, Andrew V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M50 (Primary), 11G10, 11G20, 14G10, 14K15 (Secondary)

description: In this expository article we explore the relationship between Galois representations, motivic L-functions, Mumford-Tate groups, and Sato-Tate groups, and we give an explicit formulation of the Sato-Tate conjecture for abelian varieties as an equidistribution statement relative to the Sato-Tate group. We then discuss the classification of Sato-Tate groups of abelian varieties of dimension g <= 3 and compute some of the corresponding trace distributions. This article is based on a series of lectures presented at the 2016 Arizona Winter School held at the Southwest Center for Arithmetic Geometry.
description: Minor correction to Section 1.2; 45 pages
Development of magnetic liquid metal suspensions for magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: Carle, Florian
name: Bai, Kunlun
name: Casara, Joshua
name: Vanderlick, Kyle
name: Brown, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new class of materials is developed that is a liquid with both high conductivity and magnetic susceptibility for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) applications. We develop a general method for making such suspensions and demonstrate that various magnetic and non-magnetic metal particles, from 40 nm - 500 microns in diameter, can be suspended in liquid gallium and its alloys. The method uses an acid solution to prevent oxidation of the liquid metal and metallic particles, which allows wetting and thus suspending. We can increase the magnetic permeability by a factor of 5.0 by controlling the packing fraction of magnetic particles, which gives these materials the potential to exhibit strong MHD effects on the laboratory scale that are usually only observable in the cores of planets and stars. We can independently tune the viscosity by a factor of 230 by adding non-magnetic particles, which would allow independent control of MHD effects from turbulence.
description: More details and clarifications to the procedure were added to version 4
A Flippon Related Singlet at the LHC II
Creators: name: Li, Tianjun
name: Maxin, James A.
name: Mayes, Van E.
name: Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the 750 GeV diphoton resonance at the 13 TeV LHC in the ${\cal F}$-$SU(5)$ model with a Standard Model (SM) singlet field which couples to TeV-scale vector-like particles, dubbed $flippons$. This singlet field assumes the role of the 750 GeV resonance, with production via gluon fusion and subsequent decay to a diphoton via the vector-like particle loops. We present a numerical analysis showing that the observed 8 TeV and 13 TeV diphoton production cross-sections can be generated in the model space with realistic electric charges and Yukawa couplings for light vector-like masses. We further discuss the experimental viability of light vector-like masses in a General No-Scale ${\cal F}$-$SU(5)$ model, offering a few benchmark scenarios in this consistent GUT that can satisfy all experimental constraints imposed by the LHC and other essential experiments.
description: 16 Pages, 3 Tables; JHEP Version