Xylopia calva D. M. Johnson &amp; N. A. Murray, PhytoKeys 97: 154 2018
Creators: name: Couvreur, Thomas L. P.
name: Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J.
name: Crozier, Francoise
name: Ghogue, Jean-Paul
name: Hoekstra, Paul H.
name: Kamdem, Narcisse G.
name: Johnson, David M.
name: Murray, Nancy A.
name: Sonke, Bonaventure
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliales
Annonaceae
Xylopia
Xylopia calva

description: Xylopia calva D.M.Johnson &amp; N.A.Murray, PhytoKeys 97: 154, 2018 Map 17E Type. Cameroon. South Region; Bipindi, <i>Zenker G.A. 4747</i>, 1903: holotype: BM[000511011]; isotypes: BR[BR0000014581892]; G; K; L[0191105]; M; MO[751089]; P. Description. Tree, height unknown, d.b.h. up to 30 cm; <b>buttresses present.</b> Old branches glabrous, young branches pubescent, the hairs 0.3-0.4 mm long. Leaves: petiole 3-10 mm long, 2 mm wide, sparsely pubescent, slightly grooved, blade inserted on top of the petiole; blade 10-17.2 cm long, 3.6-6.5 cm wide, elliptic to oblong, apex acuminate, acumen 0.3-2.1 cm long, base cuneate to rounded, papyraceous to subcoriaceous, below sparsely pubescent when young, sparsely pubescent when old, above glabrous when young, sparsely pubescent when old; concolorous <b>or slightly glaucous abaxially</b>; midrib sunken, above sparsely pubescent when young and old, below sparsely pubescent when young and old; secondary veins 8 to 15 pairs, glabrous above; tertiary venation reticulate. Individuals bisexual; inflorescences ramiflorous on young foliate branches, axillary, <b>peduncle branched, 1-3 mm long</b>. Flowers with 9 perianth parts in 3 whorls, 1 to 10 per inflorescence; pedicel 5-8 mm long, 1-2 mm in diameter, pubescent; in fruit 6-7 mm long, 2-3 mm in diameter, rusty pubescent; bracts 1 to 2, one basal and one upper towards the middle of pedicel, 2-3 mm long, 2-3 mm wide; sepals 3, valvate, basally fused, 4-5 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, ovate, apex acute to obtuse, base truncate, densely pubescent outside, glabrous inside; petals free, subequal; outer petals 3, 13-23 mm long, <b>3.8-6 mm wide</b> at base, oblong-lanceolate, apex obtuse, base broad and concave, light yellow, pubescent, base glabrous outside, pubescent inside; inner petals 3, valvate, 10-17.5 mm long, 2.5-4 mm wide at base, oblong-lanceolate, apex acute, base broad and concave, yellow with red on the inner base, pubescent outside, <b>glabrous inside except at apex</b>; stamens ca. 200, in 5 to 6 rows, 1-2 mm long, oblong; connective apex shield-like, glabrous, red; carpels ca. 9, ovaries 2 mm long, stigmas connivent at base, linear, slightly thickened at the midpoint, ca. 2.2 mm long, pubescent. Monocarps stipitate, stipe ca. 3 mm long, ca. 7 mm in diameter; monocarps ca. 8, ca. 32 mm long, ca. 17 mm wide, ellipsoid, apex rounded, pubescent, verrucose and slightly wrinkled when dried, color unknown; seeds 7 to 8 per monocarp, <b>in two rows</b>, ca. 9 mm long, ca. 7 mm wide, ellipsoid to flattened ellipsoid, sarcotesta unknown; <b>aril absent.</b> Distribution. From southern Nigeria to Cameroon; in Cameroon known only from the South region. Habitat. A rare species, known from three collections, two in Cameroon. Altitude 150-200 m a.s.l. Local and common names known in Cameroon. None recorded. IUCN conservation status. Endangered (EN) (Cosiaux et al. 2019a y). Uses in Cameroon. None reported. Notes. The relatively broad petals of <i>X. calva</i> are distinctive in the absence of hairs on the inner surface except at the apex. <i>Xylopia calva</i> has a pedunculate and branched inflorescence type similar to that found in <i>X. phloiodora</i> and <i>X. paniculata</i>. Specimens examined. <b>South Region</b>: Près des chutes du Ntem ou de Menvé’élé près Nyabessan (60 km Est de Campo), 2.39°N, 10.35°E, <i>08 April 1970</i>, <i>Letouzey R.</i> 10306 (P,YA); Bipindi, 3.08°N, 10.41°E, <i>01 January 1913</i>, <i>Zenker G.A.</i> 4747 (BM,BR,G,K,L,M,MO,P).
description: Published as part of <i>Couvreur, Thomas L. P., Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J., Crozier, Francoise, Ghogue, Jean-Paul, Hoekstra, Paul H., Kamdem, Narcisse G., Johnson, David M., Murray, Nancy A. &amp; Sonke, Bonaventure, 2022, Flora of Cameroon - Annonaceae Vol 45, pp. 1-532 in PhytoKeys 207</i> on pages 453-454, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432
description: {"references": ["Cosiaux, A, Couvreur, TLP, Erkens, RHJ, 2019a. Annickia affinis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T132512369A132513599. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T132512369A132513599.en"]}