cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Secular stability and instability in stellar systems surrounding massive objects
Creators: name: Tremaine, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the stability of a low-mass stellar system surrounding a massive central object. Examples of such systems include the centers of galaxies or star clusters containing a massive black hole, and the Oort comet cloud. If the self-gravity of the stellar system is the dominant non-Keplerian force, such systems may be subject to slowly growing (secular) lopsided instabilities. Stability to secular modes is largely determined by the dependence of the distribution function F on angular momentum J. If dF/dJ < 0 at constant energy, all spherical systems are secularly stable. If dF/dJ > 0, as is expected if there is a loss cone at low angular momentum, all spherical systems in which F=0 at J=0 (an empty loss cone) are only neutrally stable, and flattened, non-rotating systems are generally unstable. These results suggest that secular instabilities may dominate the structure and evolution of the stellar systems in the centers of galaxies.
description: 30 pages, Latex
Social knowledge : applying a conceptual model of adult romantic relationships to dating in adolescence
Creators: name: Siguenza, Rene M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study assesses whether an adult model of romantic sexual relationships is applicable to adolescence. The study of social knowledge in adulthood has revealed that the ways in which individuals know someone prior to dating them can have an effect on the subsequent dating and sexual relationship. Tests of the association between social knowledge and patterns of sexual behaviours in adolescence were conducted using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Findings indicate that adolescent dating and sexual behaviour patterns vary according to age and sex of the respondent. Results suggest that older female adolescents, in contrast to younger female and male adolescents, engage in patterns of dating and sexual behaviours that resemble adult romantic relationships. Romantic relationships among male adolescents are less influenced by social knowledge of a dating partner. Implications of the study and the need for more research on dating and sexual behaviour during the transitional period from adolescence to adulthood are discussed along with directions for future research.
Monitoring of Public Spending in Agriculture in Southern Africa
Creators: name: Chilonda, Pius
name: Olubode-Awosola, Femi
name: Minde, Isaac J.
name: Njiwa, Daniel
name: Govereh, Jones
name: Chilonda, Pius
name: Olubode-Awosola, Femi
name: Minde, Isaac J.
name: Njiwa, Daniel
name: Govereh, Jones
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: public spending
subject: agriculture
subject: southern africa
subject: Malawi
subject: Zambia

description: Public resources are limited and have competing demands, hence prioritization will be critical. Policymakers want to know what public spending on agriculture sector will have the largest impact on the poor and how the resources should be allocated among the different sub-sectors. This brief examines the SADC region’s progress toward meeting the commitments made by African Heads of State and Government in the 2003 Maputo Declaration on Agriculture and Food Security to allocate at least 10 percent of national budgetary resources to agricultural sectors. Further, to build understanding of the challenges and opportunities facing governments as they strive to meet this target, the results of case studies of public expenditures on agriculture in Malawi and Zambia are summarized. Implications for policy and research are drawn. A case for increased public spending on agriculture is presented first, followed by a region-wide perspective and a focus on Malawi and Zambia.
Derivation and analysis of a phase field crystal model for a mixture of active and passive particles
Creators: name: Vrugt, Michael te
name: Holl, Max Philipp
name: Koch, Aron
name: Wittkowski, Raphael
name: Thiele, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss an active phase field crystal (PFC) model that describes a mixture of active and passive particles. First, a microscopic derivation from dynamical density functional theory (DDFT) is presented that includes a systematic treatment of the relevant orientational degrees of freedom. Of particular interest is the construction of the nonlinear and coupling terms. This allows for interesting insights into the microscopic justification of phenomenological constructions used in PFC models for active particles and mixtures, the approximations required for obtaining them, and possible generalizations. Second, the derived model is investigated using linear stability analysis and nonlinear methods. It is found that the model allows for a rich nonlinear behavior with states ranging from steady periodic and localized states to various time-periodic states. The latter include standing, traveling, and modulated waves corresponding to spatially periodic and localized traveling, wiggling, and alternating peak patterns and their combinations.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures
Agricultural land tax and farm-level resource use and output supply response
Creators: name: Olubode-Awosola, Femi
name: Olubode-Awosola, Femi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Political Economy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Agricultural land tax
subject: farm-level
subject: resource use
subject: output supply
subject: land reform
subject: South Africa
subject: case study
subject: programming model

description: This study develops and uses a programming model for farm-level resource use and output supply response to estimate the effects of agricultural land tax in South Africa: A case study of Free State, a region of extremely large commercial farms that gained their size and economic heft during the apartheid years of aggressive subsidies, favorable tax treatment, lucrative state grants and gifts, and all manner of financial assistance. The results indicate that changes in land use and output supply are marginal. The highest effects are observed on irrigated farming. Relevant policy responses raised by the findings are discussed.
Diverging current fluctuations in critical Kerr resonators
Creators: name: Kewming, Michael J.
name: Mitchison, Mark T.
name: Landi, Gabriel T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The parametrically pumped Kerr model describes a driven-dissipative nonlinear cavity, whose nonequilibrium phase diagram features both continuous and discontinuous quantum phase transitions. We consider the consequences of these critical phenomena for the fluctuations of the photocurrent obtained via continuous weak measurements on the cavity. Considering both direct photodetection and homodyne detection schemes, we find that the current fluctuations diverge exponentially at the discontinuous phase transition. However, we find strikingly different current fluctuations for these two detection schemes near the continuous transition, a behaviour which is explained by the complementary information revealed by measurements in different bases. To obtain these results, we develop formulas to efficiently compute the diffusion coefficient -- which characterises the long-time current fluctuations -- directly from the quantum master equation, thus connecting the formalisms of full counting statistics and stochastic quantum trajectories. Our findings highlight the rich features of current fluctuations near nonequilibrium phase transitions in quantum-optical systems.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Proton induced deuteron knockout reaction as a probe of an isoscalar proton-neutron pair in nuclei
Creators: name: Chazono, Yoshiki
name: Yoshida, Kenichi
name: Yoshida, Kazuki
name: Ogata, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isoscalar $pn$ pair is expected to emerge in nuclei having the similar proton and neutron numbers but there is no clear experimental evidence for it. We aim to clarify the correspondence between the $pn$ pairing strength in many-body calculation and the triple differential cross section (TDX) of proton-induced deuteron knockout ($p,pd$) reaction on $^{16}$O. The radial wave function of the isoscalar $pn$ pair with respect to the center of $^{16}$O is calculated with the energy density functional (EDF) approach and is implemented in the distorted wave impulse approximation (DWIA) framework. The $pn$ pairing strength $V_0$ in the EDF calculation is varied and the corresponding change in the TDX is investigated. A clear $V_0$ dependence of the TDX is found for the $^{16}$O($p,pd$)$^{14}$N($1_2^+$) at $101.3$ MeV. The nuclear distortion is found to make the $V_0$ dependence stronger. Because of the clear $V_0$-TDX correspondence, the ($p,pd$) reaction will be a promising probe for the isoscalar $pn$ pair in nuclei. For quantitative discussion, further modification of the description of the reaction process will be necessary.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1 of Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis associated with JAK2 V617F mutation-related pre-primary myelofibrosis: a case report and literature review
Creators: name: Song, Jiahao
name: Huang, Chanzi
name: Jia, Lina
name: Wang, Mengqi
name: Wu, Chuanjie
name: Ji, Xunming
name: Song, Haiqing
name: Meng, Ran
name: Zhou, Da
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1: Figure 1. Number of white blood cells and platelets, and the proportion of neutrophils from tests conducted at other hospitals and our center. The red arrow indicated that the patient visited our center 35 days after the onset of headaches.
GGA-MG: Generative Genetic Algorithm for Music Generation
Creators: name: Farzaneh, Majid
name: Toroghi, Rahil Mahdian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Music Generation (MG) is an interesting research topic that links the art of music and Artificial Intelligence (AI). The goal is to train an artificial composer to generate infinite, fresh, and pleasurable musical pieces. Music has different parts such as melody, harmony, and rhythm. In this paper, we propose a Generative Genetic Algorithm (GGA) to produce a melody automatically. The main GGA uses a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network as the objective function, which should be trained by a spectrum of bad-to-good melodies. These melodies have to be provided by another GGA with a different objective function. Good melodies have been provided by CAMPINs collection. We have considered the rhythm in this work, too. The experimental results clearly show that the proposed GGA method is able to generate eligible melodies with natural transitions and without rhythm error.
description: 14 pages, Submitted to Journal of Evolutionary Intelligence
ANEXO CACIC 2020 - FO MP RB.docx
Creators: name: Ortiz, Felipe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Anexo con información complementaria del artículo "Refinamiento de los riesgos del proceso de despliegue de sistemas de software: estudio de caso" presentado en CACIC 2020.
Dynamic modelling of agricultural policies: the role of expectation schemes
Creators: name: Femenia, Fabienne
name: Alexandre, Gohin
name: Femenia, Fabienne
name: Alexandre, Gohin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Agricultural policy
subject: Dynamics
subject: Endogenous fluctuations
subject: Expectation errors

description: The highly disputed effects of agricultural trade liberalisation are mostly simulated with static models. Our main objective in this paper is to evaluate the robustness of the static simulation results to the consistent modelling of dynamic behaviours and to the linked specification of price/return expectations. Focusing on a complete trade liberalisation scenario of arable crop markets by developed countries, we find that available static results are quite robust to dynamic specifications and to most expectation schemes. Endogenous market fluctuations due to expectation errors may appear following trade liberalisation. These fluctuations are nevertheless limited by the many feedback effects revealed by our general equilibrium framework.
Dynamics of Josephson junctions and single-flux-quantum networks with superconductor-insulator-normal metal junction shunts
Creators: name: Zorin, A. B.
name: Tolkacheva, E. M.
name: Khabipov, M. I.
name: Buchholz, F. -I.
name: Niemeyer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of the microscopic model of tunneling, we modelled the behavior of the Josephson junction shunted by the Superconductor-Insulator-Normal metal (SIN) tunnel junction. We found that the electromagnetic impedance of the SIN junction yields both the frequency-dependent damping and dynamic reactance which leads to an increase in the effective capacitance of the circuit. We calculated the dc I-V curves and transient characteristics of these circuits and explained their quantitative differences to the curves obtained within the resistively shunted junction model. The correct operation of the basic single-flux-quanta circuits with such SIN-shunted junctions, i.e. the Josephson transmission line and the toggle flip-flop, have also been modelled.
description: 8 pages incl. 7 figures
Deep Network with Approximation Error Being Reciprocal of Width to Power of Square Root of Depth
Creators: name: Shen, Zuowei
name: Yang, Haizhao
name: Zhang, Shijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new network with super approximation power is introduced. This network is built with Floor ($\lfloor x\rfloor$) or ReLU ($\max\{0,x\}$) activation function in each neuron and hence we call such networks Floor-ReLU networks. For any hyper-parameters $N\in\mathbb{N}^+$ and $L\in\mathbb{N}^+$, it is shown that Floor-ReLU networks with width $\max\{d,\, 5N+13\}$ and depth $64dL+3$ can uniformly approximate a Hölder function $f$ on $[0,1]^d$ with an approximation error $3λd^{α/2}N^{-α\sqrt{L}}$, where $α\in(0,1]$ and $λ$ are the Hölder order and constant, respectively. More generally for an arbitrary continuous function $f$ on $[0,1]^d$ with a modulus of continuity $ω_f(\cdot)$, the constructive approximation rate is $ω_f(\sqrt{d}\,N^{-\sqrt{L}})+2ω_f(\sqrt{d}){N^{-\sqrt{L}}}$. As a consequence, this new class of networks overcomes the curse of dimensionality in approximation power when the variation of $ω_f(r)$ as $r\to 0$ is moderate (e.g., $ω_f(r) \lesssim r^α$ for Hölder continuous functions), since the major term to be considered in our approximation rate is essentially $\sqrt{d}$ times a function of $N$ and $L$ independent of $d$ within the modulus of continuity.
Initial state of matter fields and trans-Planckian physics: Can CMB observations disentangle the two?
Creators: name: Sriramkumar, L.
name: Padmanabhan, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard, scale-invariant, inflationary perturbation spectrum will be modified if the effects of trans-Planckian physics are incorporated into the dynamics of the matter field in a phenomenological manner, say, by the modification of the dispersion relation. The spectrum also changes if we retain the standard dynamics but modify the initial quantum state of the matter field. We show that, given {\it any} spectrum of perturbations, it is possible to choose a class of initial quantum states which can exactly reproduce this spectrum with the standard dynamics. We provide an explicit construction of the quantum state which will produce the given spectrum. We find that the various modified spectra that have been recently obtained from `trans-Planckian considerations' can be constructed from suitable squeezed states above the Bunch-Davies vacuum in the standard theory. Hence, the CMB observations can, at most, be useful in determining the initial state of the matter field in the standard theory, but it can {\it not} help us to discriminate between the various Planck scale models of matter fields. We study the problem in the Schrodinger picture, clarify various conceptual issues and determine the criterion for negligible back reaction due to modified initial conditions.
description: revtex4; 17 pages
Optimal Farm Size in Russian Agriculture
Creators: name: Svetlov, Nikolai M.
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
name: Svetlov, Nikolai M.
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Production Economics
subject: farm size
subject: returns to scale
subject: dynamic DEA

description: A set of dynamic DEA models is applied to investigate the determinants of farm size of Moscow oblast corporate farms in the period 1996-2004. New institutional economics is found to be more relevant to explaining farm sizes and their changes than the neo-classical framework. The results prove the hypothesis that the development of farm size is mainly caused by reducing transaction costs associated with getting access to product markets.
Surrogate Infeasible Fitness Acquirement FI-2Pop for Procedural Content Generation
Creators: name: Gallotta, Roberto
name: Arulkumaran, Kai
name: Soros, L. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When generating content for video games using procedural content generation (PCG), the goal is to create functional assets of high quality. Prior work has commonly leveraged the feasible-infeasible two-population (FI-2Pop) constrained optimisation algorithm for PCG, sometimes in combination with the multi-dimensional archive of phenotypic-elites (MAP-Elites) algorithm for finding a set of diverse solutions. However, the fitness function for the infeasible population only takes into account the number of constraints violated. In this paper we present a variant of FI-2Pop in which a surrogate model is trained to predict the fitness of feasible children from infeasible parents, weighted by the probability of producing feasible children. This drives selection towards higher-fitness, feasible solutions. We demonstrate our method on the task of generating spaceships for Space Engineers, showing improvements over both standard FI-2Pop, and the more recent multi-emitter constrained MAP-Elites algorithm.
Globalization and Poverty in Senegal: A Worst Case Scenario?
Creators: name: Maertens, Miet
name: Colen, Liesbeth
name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
name: Maertens, Miet
name: Colen, Liesbeth
name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: trade
subject: FDI
subject: poverty
subject: vertical coordination
subject: modern supply chains

description: There is no consensus about how globalization –trade and foreign investments – affects poverty reduction. Using household survey data, this study contributes to the empirical literature on globalization and poverty by analyzing the household-level implications of increased foreign investments and trade in the horticulture sector in Senegal. In many aspects this represents what many would consider a “worst-case scenario”. Stringent rich country standards are imposed on exports and the supply chain is controlled by a single multinational company with extreme levels of supply base consolidation, full vertical integration and complete exclusion of smallholder suppliers. We analyze and quantify income and poverty effects under these “worst-case conditions” and find significant positive welfare impacts through employment creation and labor market participation.
Interacting quantum rotors in oxygen-doped germanium
Creators: name: Shima, Hiroyuki
name: Nakayama, Tsuneyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the interaction effect between oxygen impurities in crystalline germanium on the basis of a quantum rotor model. The dipolar interaction of nearby oxygen impurities engenders non-trivial low-lying excitations, giving rise to anomalous behaviors for oxygen-doped germanium (Ge:O) below a few degrees Kelvin. In particular, it is theoretically predicted that Ge:O samples with oxygen-concentration of 10$^{17-18}$cm$^{-3}$ show (i) power-law specific heats below 0.1 K, and (ii) a peculiar hump in dielectric susceptibilities around 1 K. We present an interpretation for the power-law specific heats, which is based on the picture of local double-well potentials randomly distributed in Ge:O samples.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures; to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Primordial Black Holes as a dark matter candidate
Creators: name: Green, Anne M.
name: Kavanagh, Bradley J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of gravitational waves from mergers of tens of Solar mass black hole binaries has led to a surge in interest in Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) as a dark matter candidate. We aim to provide a (relatively) concise overview of the status of PBHs as a dark matter candidate, circa Summer 2020. First we review the formation of PBHs in the early Universe, focusing mainly on PBHs formed via the collapse of large density perturbations generated by inflation. Then we review the various current and future constraints on the present day abundance of PBHs. We conclude with a discussion of the key open questions in this field.
description: 24 pages 3 figures. Concise overview aimed at readers outside field. Intention is not to mention all/most papers published on topic, but to briefly describe origin of calculations, models & constraints, & summarise current status. v2: minor additions & changes, in particular to constraints on PBH abundance and primordial power spectrum. v3: minor changes to presentation to match accepted version
Towards Robust Crowdsourcing-Based Localization: A Fingerprinting Accuracy Indicator Enhanced Wireless/Magnetic/Inertial Integration Approach
Creators: name: Li, You
name: He, Zhe
name: Gao, Zhouzheng
name: Zhuang, Yuan
name: Shi, Chuang
name: El-Sheimy, Naser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The next-generation internet of things (IoT) systems have an increasingly demand on intelligent localization which can scale with big data without human perception. Thus, traditional localization solutions without accuracy metric will greatly limit vast applications. Crowdsourcing-based localization has been proven to be effective for mass-market location-based IoT applications. This paper proposes an enhanced crowdsourcing-based localization method by integrating inertial, wireless, and magnetic sensors. Both wireless and magnetic fingerprinting accuracy are predicted in real time through the introduction of fingerprinting accuracy indicators (FAI) from three levels (i.e., signal, geometry, and database). The advantages and limitations of these FAI factors and their performances on predicting location errors and outliers are investigated. Furthermore, the FAI-enhanced extended Kalman filter (EKF) is proposed, which improved the dead-reckoning (DR)/WiFi, DR/Magnetic, and DR/WiFi/Magnetic integrated localization accuracy by 30.2 %, 19.4 %, and 29.0 %, and reduced the maximum location errors by 41.2 %, 28.4 %, and 44.2 %, respectively. These outcomes confirm the effectiveness of the FAI-enhanced EKF on improving both accuracy and reliability of multi-sensor integrated localization using crowdsourced data.
An Experimenter's View of Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Shipsey, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice QCD has the potential this decade to maximize the sensitivity of the entire flavor physics program to new physics and pave the way for understanding physics beyond the Standard Model at the LHC in the coming decade. However, the challenge for the Lattice is to demonstrate reliability at the level of a few per cent given a past history of 10-20% errors. The CLEO-c program at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring is providing the data that will make the demonstration possible.
description: Invited talk delivered at Lattice2004(plenary), Fermilab, June 21-26, 2004. 10 pages
NR-RRT: Neural Risk-Aware Near-Optimal Path Planning in Uncertain Nonconvex Environments
Creators: name: Meng, Fei
name: Chen, Liangliang
name: Ma, Han
name: Wang, Jiankun
name: Meng, Max Q. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Balancing the trade-off between safety and efficiency is of significant importance for path planning under uncertainty. Many risk-aware path planners have been developed to explicitly limit the probability of collision to an acceptable bound in uncertain environments. However, convex obstacles or Gaussian uncertainties are usually assumed to make the problem tractable in the existing method. These assumptions limit the generalization and application of path planners in real-world implementations. In this article, we propose to apply deep learning methods to the sampling-based planner, developing a novel risk bounded near-optimal path planning algorithm named neural risk-aware RRT (NR-RRT). Specifically, a deterministic risk contours map is maintained by perceiving the probabilistic nonconvex obstacles, and a neural network sampler is proposed to predict the next most-promising safe state. Furthermore, the recursive divide-and-conquer planning and bidirectional search strategies are used to accelerate the convergence to a near-optimal solution with guaranteed bounded risk. Worst-case theoretical guarantees can also be proven owing to a standby safety guaranteed planner utilizing a uniform sampling distribution. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art remarkably for finding risk bounded low-cost paths in seen and unseen environments with uncertainty and nonconvex constraints.
Sp(4,H)/Z_2 Pair Universe in E6 Matrix Models
Creators: name: Ohwashi, Yuhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct interacting Sp(4,H)/Z_2 pair matrix models inside the compact E6 matrix models. Generally, models based on the compact E6 seem to always include doubly the degrees of freedom that we need physically. In this paper, we propose one solution to this problem. A basic idea is that: `we regard that each point of space-time corresponds to the center of projection of two fundamental figures (i.e. two internal structures), and assume that the projection of these fundamental figures from each point possesses one transformation group as a whole.' Namely, we put emphasis on the `analogy' with the projective geometry. Given that the whole symmetry is compact E6 * Gauge, the space $(\Vec{\mathfrak{J}_H} \oplus i \Vec{H^3}) \times \Vec{\mathcal{G}}$ is promising as two subspaces seen from such a viewpoint. When this situation is seen from the standpoint of Klein's Erlangen Program, each fundamental figure should also have an independent transformation group. The symmetry corresponding to this is Sp(4,H)/Z_2 * Gauge. This is ensured by the introduction of the Yokota mapping Y. As a consequence, we result in the picture of interacting pair universes which are being pi/2[rad]-phase-shifted. This picture is applicable to all the models based on the compact E6, which may be not only matrix models but also field theories. An interacting bi-Chern-Simons model is provided when this result is applied to our previous matrix model. This paper is one answer of the author to the doubling problem which has been left in the previous paper.
description: 42 pages, 9 figures, LaTeX 2e
Government 4.0 and the Pandemic
Creators: name: Marcellis, Nathalie De
name: Munoz, Mark
name: Warin, Thierry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140214 Public Economics- Publically Provided Goods
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: COVID-19 has forced a large part of the world to transition to digital tools rapidly. As candid observers, we are all stunned by the pace at which our various industries have transitioned from a brick and mortar-based office to remote work. Many of the reasons we were, as a society, resisting this digital switch have gone down to a lower priority level, replaced by the need to adapt to the new risk in town. Many thoughts have been produced recently about the benefits and challenges of this forced digital transition. We often expect governments to play a significant role in this transition. Governments help our societies through multiple vehicles, regulatory and financial (public expenditures, etc.). Something of particular interest to us amid all the announcements made by our governments is the fact that they emphasize the need for the digital transformation of our economies, but the risk is that governments may want to postpone their digital transformation. An apparent reason could be that they have other priorities right now with COVID-19, which we understand, but we somehow disagree with this argument. The digital transformation of governments goes beyond remote working.
Additional file 2 of Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis associated with JAK2 V617F mutation-related pre-primary myelofibrosis: a case report and literature review
Creators: name: Song, Jiahao
name: Huang, Chanzi
name: Jia, Lina
name: Wang, Mengqi
name: Wu, Chuanjie
name: Ji, Xunming
name: Song, Haiqing
name: Meng, Ran
name: Zhou, Da
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 2: Table 1. Body temperature and three inflammatory indicators.
Development of a cell assay to study polycomb group genes
Creators: name: Chevalier, Jacquelyn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Silencing is a form of transcriptional repression in which specialized structures of DNA or chromatin are inherited epigenetically. In Drosophila, the Polycomb group (PcG) genes are the best model system for studying silencing. Mutations in PcG genes cause posterior transformation in embryos and adults because homeotic genes are derepressed. PcG proteins act as members of oligomeric complexes. In Drosophila, PcG proteins mediate silencing of homeotic genes through complex, modular regulator elements ranging form 1 kb to 5 kb named PcG Response Elements (PREs). In transgenic flies, PREs maintain embryonic silencing of reporter constructs containing endogenous homeotic promoters and (para)segment-specific enhancers. This assay was used to identify PREs for many homeotic genes. PcG genes are required for maintenance rather than initiation and without the PRE, the transgene exhibits correct initiation of repression, but early in embryogenesis, the transgene becomes derepressed. All known Drosophila PcG genes have mammalian homologs and it appears that PcG function is conserved in mice and flies. Unfortunately, no one has identified a mammalian PRE in any system. Making transgenic mice is expensive and time-consuming, and no group has undertaken a systematic search for mammalian PREs. There is one published report of a group identifying a response element required for maintenance in mammals (Milne et al. 2002). Their approach tested different region of the Hox c8 locus in a reporter assay system and depended on the used of immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF). Based on the same principles, this thesis was aimed at identifying a murine PRE using immortalized fibroblast and a system of reporter vectors. The main goal of this thesis was to establish three MEF mutant cell lines for the PcG genes: rae28 the homolog of Polyhomeotic; M33 the homolog of Polycomb, or Asxll, the homolog of Additional sex combs. The secondary goal was to use these cells to test a putative mammalian PRE. This thesis reports the successful establishment of immortalized MEF mutant cell lines for Asxll, M33 and rae28. Our data suggest that MEF cell line of different genotypes may not be useful for studying the expression of endogenous genes. However, they may be useful for short-term studies of transgenes. One of these lines, rae28-/- was tested with a putative PRE from rae28 itself. Our preliminary results suggest that a PRE exists upstream of rae28, but the overall low transfection efficiency of the MEF, and the resulting high variability in expression of the reporter, prevents definitive conclusions. The strengths and weaknesses of this system are discussed and suggestion are made for ways to improve these experiments in the future.
Estimation of pure qubits on circles
Creators: name: Braunstein, Samuel L.
name: Ghosh, Sibasish
name: Severini, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gisin and Popescu [PRL, 83, 432 (1999)] have shown that more information about their direction can be obtained from a pair of anti-parallel spins compared to a pair of parallel spins, where the first member of the pair (which we call the pointer member) can point equally along any direction in the Bloch sphere. They argued that this was due to the difference in dimensionality spanned by these two alphabets of states. Here we consider similar alphabets, but with the first spin restricted to a fixed small circle of the Bloch sphere. In this case, the dimensionality spanned by the anti-parallel versus parallel alphabet is now equal. However, the anti-parallel alphabet is found to still contain more information in general. We generalize this to having N parallel spins and M anti-parallel spins. When the pointer member is restricted to a small circle these alphabets again span spaces of equal dimension, yet in general, more directional information can be found for sets with smaller |N-M| for any fixed total number of spins. We find that the optimal POVMs for extracting directional information in these cases can always be expressed in terms of the Fourier basis. Our results show that dimensionality alone cannot explain the greater information content in anti-parallel combinations of spins compared to parallel combinations. In addition, we describe an LOCC protocol which extract optimal directional information when the pointer member is restricted to a small circle and a pair of parallel spins are supplied.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Effects of Participation in Organic Markets and Farmer-based Organizations on the Adoption of Soil Conservation Practices among Small-scale Farmers in Honduras
Creators: name: Wollni, Meike
name: Lee, David R.
name: Thies, Janice E.
name: Wollni, Meike
name: Lee, David R.
name: Thies, Janice E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: soil conservation
subject: technology adoption
subject: organic markets
subject: farmer organizations

description: Conservation agriculture is often perceived to provide “win-win” outcomes for farmers leading to reduced erosion and off-site sedimentation, as well as improved soil fertility and productivity. However, adoption rates for conservation agriculture in many regions of the world remain below expected levels. This paper looks at the effect of organic markets in providing incentives for farmers to adopt soil conservation practices. Farmer-based organizations may link farmers to these markets by helping them overcome information deficiencies with respect to production standards and consumer preferences. Based on original survey data from 241 small-scale farm households in Honduras, we find that both participation in organic markets and farmer-based groups have positive effects on the number of soil conservation practices adopted on the farm. The results indicate that besides supply-oriented policy measures, such as the provision of technical assistance and extension, demand-related factors are likely to play an important role in sustainable soil management. Demand-oriented policy measures can include support for labeling initiatives and consumer education to facilitate value-added product differentiation and market segmentation.
Cross-Phase Modulation Instability in PM ANDi Fiber-Based Supercontinuum Generation
Creators: name: Genier, Etienne
name: Ghosh, Amar N.
name: Bobba, Swetha
name: Bowen, Patrick
name: Moselund, Peter M.
name: Bang, Ole
name: Dudley, John M.
name: Sylvestre, Thibaut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate broadband supercontinuum generation in an all-normal dispersion polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber and we report the observation of a cross-phase modulation instability sideband that is generated outside of the supercontinuum bandwidth. We demonstrate this sideband is polarized on the slow axis and can be suppressed by pumping on the fiber's fast axis. We theoretically confirm and model this nonlinear process using phase-matching conditions and numerical simulations, obtaining good agreement with the measured data.
Next-to-leading-logarithm $k_T$ resummation for $B_c\to J/ψ$ decays
Creators: name: Liu, Xin
name: Li, Hsiang-nan
name: Xiao, Zhen-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the $k_T$ resummation for a transverse-momentum-dependent charmonium wave function, which involves the bottom quark mass $m_b$, the charm quark mass $m_c$, and the charm quark transverse momentum $k_T$, up to the next-to-leading-logarithm (NLL) accuracy under the hierarchy $m_b\gg m_c \gg k_T$. The resultant Sudakov factor is employed in the perutrbative QCD (PQCD) approach to the $B_c\to J/ψ$ transition form factor $A_0^{B_c \to J/ψ}(0)$ and the $B_c^+ \to J/ψπ^+$ decay. We compare the NLL resummation effect on these processes with the leading-logarithm one in the literature, and find a $(5-10)\%$ enhancement to the form factor $A_0^{B_c \to J/ψ}(0)$ and a $(10-20)\%$ enhancement to the decay rate ${\rm BR}(B_c^+ \to J/ψπ^+)$. The improved $k_T$ resummation formalism is applicable to the PQCD analysis of heavy meson decays to other charmonia.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, and 1 table; more references and clarifications added, results and conclusions remain unchanged; final version to appear in Physics Letters B
The patterns of retail price variation. The case of milk products
Creators: name: Ferto, Imre
name: Bakucs, Lajos Zoltan
name: Ferto, Imre
name: Bakucs, Lajos Zoltan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: retail prices
subject: sales
subject: milk products

description: We examine retail price variation across a range of milk products in Hungary. Our results show that majority of products have regular prices and the most deviations from that regular price are upward. We find significant differences across products in terms of price distributions. Sales are infrequent for majority of products and its role is limited in annual price variation. Results do not confirm that durable goods should have qualitatively different pricing pattern than less-durable goods. Although existing models of retail sales yield predictions consistent with some aspects of the retail pricing distributions, all of these models fail to explain other important aspects of retail pricing identified here.
Sub-collision hyperfine structure of nonlinear-optical resonance with field scanning
Creators: name: Gus'kov, K. I.
name: Kovalevsky, V. I.
name: Rudavets, A. G.
name: Saprykin, E. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some experimental evidences for methane are produced that the simple transition from frequency scanning of nonlinear-optical resonances to magnetic one may be accompanied with transition from sub-Doppler collisionally broadened structure to sub-collision hyperfine one. It is conditioned by nonlinearity of splitting of hyperfine sublevel for molecules in the adiabatically varied magnetic field and respectively breaking the analogy of magnetic and frequency scannings. The exact calculation of the resonance structure is considered for molecules with only one spin subsystem. The approximately spin-additive calculation of the structure is given for sufficiently fast rotating molecules with greater number of spin subsystems. Within the same approximation an example of hyperfine doubling in the magnetic and electric spectra of nonlinear-optical resonance is considered for fluoromethane.
description: 56 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in J. Mol. Spectrosc.
சிலம்பில் மாதவியின் தனித்துவம்
Creators: name: Dr.Kothai Eswari Shokkalingam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200315 Indian Languages
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200520 Indian Literature

description: சிலம்பில் மாதவியின் பிறப்பு முதல் துறவு மேற்கொள்ளல் வரையிலான வாழ்வியல் நிகழ்வு சுருக்கமாக சுட்டப்பெற்றுள்ளது. மாதவியின் ஆடல் சிறப்பு, பிற திறமைகள், அணிகலங்கள் சூடியவிதம், கோவலனுடனான வாழ்வு, கானல் வரி வழிப் பிரிவு, தாழைமடல் தூது, கண்ணகியை மதித்தல், துறவறம் ஏற்றல் முதலியவை இக்கட்டுரையில் விளக்கப்பெற்றுள்ளன. நிறைவாக கணிகையர் குலத்திலிருந்து இரண்டு பௌத்தப் பெண் துறவிகள் தோன்றினர் என்பதையும், மாதவி புரட்சிநிலையில் மணிமேகலையைப் பெண் துறவியாக்கக் காரணமானாள் என்று அவளின் தனித்துவமும் சுட்டிக்காட்டப் பெற்று கட்டுரை நிறைவடைகின்றது.
The gravitational and hydrodynamical interaction between the LMC and the Galaxy
Creators: name: Mastropietro, Chiara
name: Moore, Ben
name: Mayer, Lucio
name: Wadsley, James
name: Stadel, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use high resolution N-Body/SPH simulations to study the hydrodynamical and gravitational interaction between the Large Magellanic Cloud and the Milky Way. We model the dark and hot extended halo components as well as the stellar/gaseous disks of the two galaxies. Both galaxies are embedded in extended cuspy LCDM dark matter halos. We follow the previous four Gyrs of the LMC's orbit such that it ends up with the correct location and orientation on the sky. Tidal forces elongate the LMC's disk, forcing a bar and creating a strong warp and diffuse stellar halo, although very few stars become unbound. The stellar halo may account for some of the microlensing events. Ram-pressure from a low density ionised halo is then sufficient to remove 1.4e8 Msolar of gas from the LMC's disk forming a great circle trailing stream around the Galaxy. The column density of stripped gas falls by two orders of magnitude 100 degrees from LMC. The LMC does not induce any response in the Milky Way disk. On the contrary, the tides raised by the Milky Way determine the truncation of the satellite at about 11 kpc. After several Gyrs of interaction the gas disk of the LMC is smaller than the stellar disk due to ram pressure and its size compares well with the observational data.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures. Submitted to MNRAS. Movies and high resolution images are available at http://www-theorie.physik.unizh.ch/~chiara/lmc. Corrected typos
Refining and improving the assessment and treatment of faecal incontinence
Creators: name: Leo, Cosimo Alex
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Faecal incontinence (FI) is a common symptom. There are a variety of invasive treatments available, however, the benign nature of this problem and the varying degrees of severity, mean that conservative management is usually pursued first. The aims of this thesis were to investigate: the current practice of continence advisors who deliver conservative management in the community in the UK; assess and evaluate a new portable manometric device (THD® Anopress); investigate a new first line treatment for FI (Renew™) and compare this to another well-established non-invasive treatment (PTNS); report the long-term effectiveness of SNM; and, describe the short term outcome of the newer Sphinkeeper procedure. Results of this thesis lead to the conclusion that continence advisors are an important part of the management of FI in the community and that while they are able to utilise many of the current treatments, there is room for improvement. Normal range values for the new portable manometric device Anopress have been reported for the first time. It has been demonstrated that Anopress device appears able to detect anal sphincter dysfunction in those with symptomatic FI, and most importantly, Anopress measurements correlate strongly with water-perfused manometry. Results reported by this thesis also demonstrated that the Renew device is safe, well tolerated and an effective non-invasive treatment for passive FI. The randomized controlled trial suggests that both the Renew device and PTNS are effective treatments for FI, although Renew inserts may be more effective than PTNS. SNS was confirmed as an effective treatment for FI even in the long term with a consistent improvement of validated FI scores for approximately 60% of all patients reviewed at 11 years post implantation. Sphinkeeper was also demonstrated to be a safe and feasible alternative procedure for FI.