cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Extending Properly n-REA Sets
Creators: name: Cholak, Peter A.
name: Gerdes, Peter M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03D25, 03D28

description: In [5] Soare and Stob prove that if $A$ is an r.e. set which isn't computable then there is a set of the form $A \oplus W^A_e$ which isn't of r.e. Turing degree. If we define a properly $n+1$-REA set to be an $n+1$-REA set which isn't Turing equivalent to any $n$-REA set this result shows that every properly 1-REA set can be extended to a properly 2-REA set. This result was extended in [1] by Cholak and Hinman who proved that every 2-REA set can be extended to a properly 3-REA set. This leads naturally to the hypothesis that every properly $n$-REA set can be extended to a properly $n+1$-REA set. In this paper, we show this hypothesis is false and that there is a properly $3$-REA set which can't be extended to a properly $4$-REA set.
Evaluation of Formal IDEs for Human-Machine Interface Design and Analysis: The Case of CIRCUS and PVSio-web
Creators: name: Fayollas, Camille
name: Martinie, Célia
name: Palanque, Philippe
name: Masci, Paolo
name: Harrison, Michael D.
name: Campos, José C.
name: Silva, Saulo Rodrigues e
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Critical human-machine interfaces are present in many systems including avionics systems and medical devices. Use error is a concern in these systems both in terms of hardware panels and input devices, and the software that drives the interfaces. Guaranteeing safe usability, in terms of buttons, knobs and displays is now a key element in the overall safety of the system. New integrated development environments (IDEs) based on formal methods technologies have been developed by the research community to support the design and analysis of high-confidence human-machine interfaces. To date, little work has focused on the comparison of these particular types of formal IDEs. This paper compares and evaluates two state-of-the-art toolkits: CIRCUS, a model-based development and analysis tool based on Petri net extensions, and PVSio-web, a prototyping toolkit based on the PVS theorem proving system.
description: In Proceedings F-IDE 2016, arXiv:1701.07925
Early forms of the place-names Sutton, Bonington, and Sutton Bonington, together with a list of the field- and other minor place-names of the townships of Sutton and Bonington
Creators: name: Astill, C
name: Brown, M
name: Tate, W
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Transactions of the Thoroton Society, 37, 61-155
Predicting SMT Solver Performance for Software Verification
Creators: name: Healy, Andrew
name: Monahan, Rosemary
name: Power, James F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Why3 IDE and verification system facilitates the use of a wide range of Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solvers through a driver-based architecture. We present Where4: a portfolio-based approach to discharge Why3 proof obligations. We use data analysis and machine learning techniques on static metrics derived from program source code. Our approach benefits software engineers by providing a single utility to delegate proof obligations to the solvers most likely to return a useful result. It does this in a time-efficient way using existing Why3 and solver installations - without requiring low-level knowledge about SMT solver operation from the user.
description: In Proceedings F-IDE 2016, arXiv:1701.07925
Ultra-High Gradient Channeling Acceleration in Nanostructures: Design/Progress of Proof-of-Concept (POC) Experiments
Creators: name: Shin, Y. M.
name: Green, A.
name: Lumpkin, A. H.
name: Thurman-Keup, R. M.
name: Shiltsev, V.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Farinella, D. M. -A.
name: Taborek, P.
name: Tajima, T.
name: Wheeler, J. A.
name: Mourou, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes simulation analyses on beam and laser (X-ray)-driven accelerations in effective nanotube models obtained from Vsim and EPOCH codes. Experimental setups to detect wakefields are also outlined with accelerator facilities at Fermilab and NIU. In the FAST facility, the electron beamline was successfully commissioned at 50 MeV and it is being upgraded toward higher energies for electron accelerator R&D. The 50 MeV injector beamline of the facility is used for X-ray crystal-channeling radiation with a diamond target. It has been proposed to utilize the same diamond crystal for a channeling acceleration POC test. Another POC experiment is also designed for the NIU accelerator lab with time-resolved electron diffraction. Recently, a stable generation of single-cycle laser pulses with tens of Petawatt power based on thin film compression (TFC) technique has been investigated for target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA) and radiation pressure acceleration (RPA). The experimental plan with a nanometer foil is discussed with an available test facility such as Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP).
description: 4 pp
Spectroscopic and photometric study of the Mira stars SU Camelopardalis and RY Cephei
Creators: name: Boyd, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Miras are fascinating stars. A kappa-mechanism in their atmosphere drives pulsations which produce changes in their photometric brightness, apparent spectral type and effective temperature. These pulsations also drive the formation of Balmer emission lines in the spectrum. This behaviour can be observed and investigated with small telescopes. We report on a three-year project combining spectroscopy and photometry to analyse the behaviour of Mira stars SU Cam and RY Cep, and describe how their brightness, colour, spectral type, effective temperature and Balmer emission vary over four pulsation cycles.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in Journal of the AAVSO, references updated for consistency with published version
A logical set theory approach to journal subject classification analysis: intra-system irregularities and inter-system discrepancies in Web of Science and Scopus
Creators: name: Aviv-Reuven, Shir
name: Rosenfeld, Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Journal classification into subject categories is an important aspect in scholarly research evaluation as well as in bibliometric analysis. However, this classification is not standardized, resulting in several different journal subject classification systems. In this study, we adopt a logical set theory-based definition of irregularities within a given classification system and discrepancies between systems and investigate their prevalence in the two most widely used indexing services of Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus. In both systems, we identify unusually sized categories, high overlap and incohesiveness between categories. In addition, across the two systems, journals are systematically classified to a different number of categories and most categories in either system are not adequately represented in the other system. Our findings suggest that these irregularities and discrepancies are, in fact, non-anecdotal and thus cannot be easily disregarded. Consequently, potentially misguided and/or inconsistent outcomes may be encountered when relying on these subject classification systems.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables
Fear-driven extinction and (de)stabilization in a predator-prey model incorporating prey herd behavior and mutual interference
Creators: name: Antwi-Fordjour, Kwadwo
name: Parshad, Rana D.
name: Thompson, Hannah E.
name: Westaway, Stephanie B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A deterministic two-species predator-prey model with prey herd behavior is considered incorporating mutual interference and the effect of fear. We provide guidelines to the dynamical analysis of biologically feasible equilibrium points. We give conditions for the existence of some local and global bifurcations at the coexistence equilibrium. We also show that fear can induce extinction of the prey population from a coexistence zone in finite time. Our numerical simulations reveal that varying the strength of fear of predators with suitable choice of parameters can stabilize and destabilize the coexistence equilibrium solutions of the model. Additionally, we discuss the outcome of introducing a constant harvesting effort to the predator population in terms of changing the dynamics of the system, in particular, from finite time extinction to stable coexistence. Furthermore, we perform extensive numerical experiments to visualize the dynamical behavior of the model and substantiate the results we obtained.
description: 20 pages, 24 figures
Lipschitz clustering in metric spaces
Creators: name: Kovalev, Leonid V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 51F30, Secondary 30L10, 30L15, 54B20, 54C15

description: In this paper, the Lipschitz clustering property of a metric space refers to the existence of Lipschitz retractions between its finite subset spaces. Obstructions to this property can be either topological or geometric features of the space. We prove that uniformly disconnected spaces have the Lipschitz clustering property, while for some connected spaces, the lack of sufficiently short connecting curves turns out to be an obstruction. This property is shown to be invariant under quasihomogeneous maps, but not under quasisymmetric ones.
description: added Corollary 4.7, corrected typos
Industrial Experience Report on the Formal Specification of a Packet Filtering Language Using the K Framework
Creators: name: Guernic, Gurvan Le
name: Combemale, Benoit
name: Galindo, José A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many project-specific languages, including in particular filtering languages, are defined using non-formal specifications written in natural languages. This leads to ambiguities and errors in the specification of those languages. This paper reports on an industrial experiment on using a tool-supported language specification framework (K) for the formal specification of the syntax and semantics of a filtering language having a complexity similar to those of real-life projects. This experimentation aims at estimating, in a specific industrial setting, the difficulty and benefits of formally specifying a packet filtering language using a tool-supported formal approach.
description: In Proceedings F-IDE 2016, arXiv:1701.07925
Wireless Sensor Networks for Optimisation of Search and Rescue Management in Floods
Creators: name: Bhatt, Harshil
name: G, Pranesh
name: Shankar, Samarth
name: Haralikar, Shriyash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel search-and-rescue management method that relies on the aerial deployment of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for locating victims after floods. The sensor nodes will collect vital information such as heat signatures for detecting human presence and location, the flow of flood. The sensor modules are packed in a portable floating buoy with a user interface to convey emergency messages to the base station. Sensor nodes are designed based on disaster conditions, cost-effectiveness and deployed in the affected region by a centrifugal dispersion system from a helicopter. A mobile ad-hoc network is set up by modifying the Low Energy Adaptive Cluster Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol for greater efficiency and adoption of multi-hop of Cluster Heads for long-distance communication to Base Station. The model metrics have been defined considering previous rural floods in India. The efficiency and power characteristics of the network are compared to other protocols via simulations. The sensor data from the network makes resource management, rescue planning and emergency priority more efficient, thus saving more lives from floods.
Applications of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface in Smart High Speed Train Communications
Creators: name: Zhao, Yajun
name: Zhang, Jiayi
name: Ai, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is one of the most promising technologies for 5G-Adv and 6G. It has the characteristics of low cost, low complexity, and easy deployment, which provides a new opportunity to develop intelligent high-speed railway communications. The typical applications of RIS-assisted smart high-speed railway communications are introduced in detail, including suppressing the Doppler shift effect, solving frequent handoff problems, overcoming high penetration loss problems, and supporting high-precision train positioning. The key technologies of RIS-assisted smart high-speed railway communications are discussed in-depth, including channel measurement and modeling, channel estimation and feedback, beamforming, network architecture, and network deployment. It is believed that the combination of the new intelligent high-speed railway infrastructure and the new electromagnetic infrastructure built by RIS will bring broad industrial prospects to the intelligent high-speed railway in the future.
description: In Chinese
Interpenetrating Graphene Networks: Three-dimensional Node-line Semimetals with Massive Negative Linear Compressibilities
Creators: name: Lin, Yangzheng
name: Zhao, Zhisheng
name: Strobel, Timothy A.
name: Cohen, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the stability and mechanical and electronic properties of fifteen metastable mixed $sp^2$-$sp^3$ carbon allotropes in the family of interpenetrating graphene networks (IGNs) using density functional theory (DFT) within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). IGN allotropes exhibit non-monotonic bulk and linear compressibilities before their structures irreversibly transform into new configurations under large hydrostatic compression. The maximum bulk compressibilities vary widely between structures and range from 3.6 to 306 TPa$^{-1}$. We find all the IGN allotropes have negative linear compressibilities with maximum values varying from -0.74 to -133 TPa$^{-1}$. The maximal negative linear compressibility of Z33 (-133 TPa$^{-1}$ at 3.4 GPa) exceeds previously reported values at pressures higher than 1.0 GPa. IGN allotropes can be classified as either armchair- or zigzag-type, and these two types of IGNs exhibit different electronic properties. Zigzag-type IGNs are node-line semimetals, while armchair-type IGNs are either semiconductors or node-loop or node-line semimetals. Experimental synthesis of these IGN allotropes might be realized since their formation enthalpies relative to graphite are only 0.1 - 0.5 eV/atom (that of C$_{60}$ fullerene is about 0.4 eV/atom), and energetically feasible binary compound pathways are possible.
Stabilisation of semilocal strings by dark scalar condensates
Creators: name: Forgács, Péter
name: Lukács, Árpád
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semilocal and electroweak strings are well-known to be unstable against unwinding by the condensation of the second Higgs component in their cores. A large class of current models of dark matter contains dark scalar fields coupled to the Higgs sector of the Standard Model (Higgs portal) and/or dark U(1) gauge fields. It is shown, that Higgs-portal-type couplings and a gauge kinetic mixing term of the dark U(1) gauge field have a significant stabilising effect on semilocal strings in the "visible" sector.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Anharmonic Grüneisen theory based on self-consistent phonon theory: Impact of phonon-phonon interaction neglected in the quasiharmonic theory
Creators: name: Masuki, Ryota
name: Nomoto, Takuya
name: Arita, Ryotaro
name: Tadano, Terumasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a theory of thermal expansion based on the self-consistent phonon (SCP) theory, which nonperturbatively considers the anharmonic effect. We show that the Grünseisen formula holds within the SCP theory by replacing the phonon frequency by the SCP frequency. By comparing it with the quasiharmonic approximation (QHA), we derive explicit formulas of the correction to the QHA result. We show that the phonon anharmonicity gives a small correction of $O(\langle{\hat{U}_4\rangle}/\langle{\hat{U}_2\rangle})$ to the thermal expansion coefficient $α$, where $\hat{U}_2$ and $\hat{U}_4$ are the harmonic and the quartic terms of the potential energy surface. On the other hand, we show that the phonon anharmonicity gives two correction terms to the temperature ($T$)-dependent phonon frequency shift which are comparable to the original QHA term. In strongly anharmonic materials such as NaCl and MgO, these two correction terms tend to cancel out each other, which explains why the QHA sometimes gives reasonable values for the $T$-dependent phonon frequency shift while it fails for thermal expansion.
Extending a User Interface Prototyping Tool with Automatic MISRA C Code Generation
Creators: name: Mauro, Gioacchino
name: Thimbleby, Harold
name: Domenici, Andrea
name: Bernardeschi, Cinzia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We are concerned with systems, particularly safety-critical systems, that involve interaction between users and devices, such as the user interface of medical devices. We therefore developed a MISRA C code generator for formal models expressed in the PVSio-web prototyping toolkit. PVSio-web allows developers to rapidly generate realistic interactive prototypes for verifying usability and safety requirements in human-machine interfaces. The visual appearance of the prototypes is based on a picture of a physical device, and the behaviour of the prototype is defined by an executable formal model. Our approach transforms the PVSio-web prototyping tool into a model-based engineering toolkit that, starting from a formally verified user interface design model, will produce MISRA C code that can be compiled and linked into a final product. An initial validation of our tool is presented for the data entry system of an actual medical device.
description: In Proceedings F-IDE 2016, arXiv:1701.07925
Token-based Insurance Solutions on Blockchain
Creators: name: Cousaert, Simon
name: Vadgama, Nikhil
name: Xu, Jiahua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the rising demand for protection against new risks such as loss of digital assets, novel insurance services and products emerge. In particular, token-based insurance solutions on blockchain transform the insurance business by providing cover for new risks and streamlined, (semi-)automated underwriting and claim processes. In the chapter, we present a general framework of token-based insurance solutions, delegating their fundamental building blocks that include core roles, main tokens and assets, as well as key processes and operations. We describe three major token-based insurance solutions in the market and compare them in terms of native token functionality, tokenized cover types, claim assessment process and capital model. Based on the discussion on the general framework and concrete examples of token-based insurance solutions, we summarize their advantages and point out their drawbacks. We conclude that despite being at a nascent stage, the token-based insurance space bears the promise to unseat the incumbent players with increasingly more action taking place and more use cases being explored.
Wales’ tourists not a burden for local healthcare
Creators: name: Research, Nature
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 3202
subject: Clinical sciences

description: Researchers in southern Wales reviewed nine-years-worth of hospital data and found non-Welsh residents accounted for only 0.5% of unintentional injuries presenting to an emergency department.As tourist numbers visiting Wales are on the rise, the team, from Morriston Hospital in Swansea, was interested in assessing their burden on the local healthcare system. “We live in an area that is very popular with tourists, so we were interested in investigating their use of our emergency department,” says Ceri Battle from the hospital’s haemostasis biomedical research unit. “Their knowledge of the natural environmental conditions is limited as non-residents, which we believed would exacerbate their risk of unintentional injuries.”Instead, they found that Welsh residents were responsible for the vast majority of unintentional injury presentations to the emergency department. They also found a decrease in non-resident presentations between 2006 and 2014, the data range that was studied.Unintentional injuries include trauma, burns, drowning/near drowning and hypo/hyperthermia. The team categorized these injuries according to how they happened: mechanical fall, sporting injury, work-related, alcohol-related, alleged assault, outdoor pursuits, and others (including animal bites and stubbing a toe). They found that mechanical falls and sporting injuries accounted for 45% and 15% of non-resident presentations respectively, whereas assaults and alcohol-related injuries together accounted for 13% of the injuries. Only three deaths were recorded in the emergency department over the nine-year period, all due to drowning.Non-Welsh injury presentations were more common in the summer and between 5pm and 6pm, leading to mainly two- to three-hour-stays in the emergency department. The upper limb followed by the lower limb and finally the head were the most common parts of the body affected.“The number of visitors to southwest Wales has increased dramatically over the last ten years, however the number of presentations to the emergency department has not increased at the same rate,” says Battle. “This may suggest that our locally introduced health and safety policies are successful and similar initiatives should be supported.” These policies may include the availability of good quality walking guides, well-maintained and sign-posted footpaths, and clear and informative outdoor safety signs. Further research is needed to investigate the impact of newly introduced public health policies on emergency department services in tourist areas in the UK, write the researchers in their study published in the Journal of Emergency Medicine Trauma & Acute Care.Other InformationPublished in: QScience.com Highlights, Published by Nature Research for Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Freeness of Schützenberger groups of primitive substitutions
Creators: name: Goulet-Ouellet, Herman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E18 (Primary) 37B10, 20E05, 20M05 (Secondary)

description: Our main goal is to study the freeness of Schützenberger groups defined by primitive substitutions. Our findings include a simple freeness test for these groups, which is applied to exhibit a primitive invertible substitution with corresponding non-free Schützenberger group. This constitutes a counterexample to a result of Almeida dating back to 2005. We also give some early results concerning relative freeness of Schützenberger groups, a question which remains largely unexplored.
Magnetic properties of strained multiferroic CoCr2O4: a soft X-ray study
Creators: name: Windsor, Y. W.
name: Piamonteze, C.
name: Ramakrishnan, M.
name: Scaramucci, A.
name: Rettig, L.
name: Huever, J. A.
name: Bothschafter, E. M.
name: Alberca, A.
name: Avula, S. R. V.
name: Noheda, B.
name: Staub, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using resonant soft X-ray techniques we follow the magnetic behavior of a strained epitaxial film of CoCr2O4, a type-II multiferroic. The film is [110]-oriented, such that both the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic moments can coexist in plane. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) is used in scattering and in transmission modes to probe the magnetization of Co and Cr separately. The transmission measurements utilized X-ray excited optical luminescence from the substrate. Resonant soft X-ray diffraction (RSXD) was used to study the magnetic order of the low temperature phase. The XMCD signals of Co and Cr appear at the same ordering temperature Tc~90K, and are always opposite in sign. The coercive field of the Co and of Cr moments is the same, and is approximately two orders of magnitude higher than in bulk. Through sum rules analysis an enlarged Co2+ orbital moment (m_L) is found, which can explain this hardening. The RSXD signal of the (q q 0) reflection appears below Ts, the same ordering temperature as the conical magnetic structure in bulk, indicating that this phase remains multiferroic under strain. To describe the azimuthal dependence of this reflection, a slight modification is required to the spin model proposed by the conventional Lyons-Kaplan-Dwight-Menyuk theory for magnetic spinels. Lastly, a slight increase in reflected intensity is observed below Ts=27K when measuring at the Cr edge (but not at the Co edge).
description: 28 pages, 15 figures
Low-Cost and High-Speed Fabrication of Camouflage-Enabling Microfluidic Devices using Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene
Creators: Sun, Xiaoruo
Asad, Asad
Ali, Mehnab
Morita, Luka
Dolez, Patricia I.
Hogan, James D.
Sameoto, Dan
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

This study demonstrates a multi-spectrum camouflage control via microfluidic methods within a thermally and visibly semi-transparent polymer (polyethylene). Microfluidic devices have a high potential for achieving multiband camouflage including both visible and infrared (IR) spectrums because they can manipulate fluids that may be dyed, transparent, or opaque to different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. However, most traditional polymers used for microfluidics are not very transparent in the thermal IR region (≈8–14 um wavelengths), which limits their effectiveness in this spectrum. It develops a high-speed, low-cost robust process to fabricate microfluidic devices entirely made from polyethylene using xurography and thermocompression molding techniques. Moreover, a novel method that thermally bond macro-scale polyethylene tubing to micro-scale channels is developed. The simplicity and flexibility of the method allow the fabrication of devices with different channel heights, widths, and patterns. Upon filling the microfluidic devices with dyed liquids and testing them with different backgrounds, the devices show fast and high visible camouflage capabilities. Moreover, the thermal IR appearance of microfluidic systems can be altered without changing temperature by incorporating a metalized surface which can be covered by an IR opaque liquid to alter the apparent temperature when reflecting IR sources.
GNSS Radio Occultation on Aerial Platforms with Commercial Off-The-Shelf Receivers
Creators: name: Chan, Bryan C.
name: Goel, Ashish
name: Kosh, Jonathan
name: Reid, Tyler G. R.
name: Snyder, Corey R.
name: Tarantino, Paul M.
name: Soedarmadji, Saraswati
name: Soedarmadji, Widyadewi
name: Nelson, Kevin
name: Xie, Feiqin
name: Vergalla, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In recent decades, GNSS Radio Occultation soundings have proven an invaluable input to global weather forecasting. The success of government-sponsored programs such as COSMIC is now complemented by commercial low-cost cubesat implementations. The result is access to more than 10,000 soundings per day and improved weather forecasting accuracy. This movement towards commercialization has been supported by several agencies, including the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the U.S. Air Force (USAF) with programs such as the Commercial Weather Data Pilot (CWDP). This has resulted in further interest in commercially deploying GNSS-RO on complementary platforms. Here, we examine a so far underutilized platform: the high-altitude weather balloon. Such meteorological radiosondes are deployed twice daily at over 900 locations globally and form an essential in-situ data source as a long-standing input to weather forecasting models. Adding GNSS-RO capability to existing radiosonde platforms would greatly expand capability, allowing for persistent and local area monitoring, a feature particularly useful for hurricane and other severe weather monitoring. A prohibitive barrier to entry to this inclusion is cost and complexity as GNSS-RO traditionally requires highly specialized and sensitive equipment. This paper describes a multi-year effort to develop a low-cost and scalable approach to balloon GNSS-RO based on Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) GNSS receivers. We present hardware prototypes and data processing techniques which demonstrate the technical feasibility of the approach through results from several flight testing campaigns.
description: 16 pages, 25 figures, ION GNSS+ 2021
Are iPhones Really Better for Privacy? Comparative Study of iOS and Android Apps
Creators: name: Kollnig, Konrad
name: Shuba, Anastasia
name: Binns, Reuben
name: Van Kleek, Max
name: Shadbolt, Nigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While many studies have looked at privacy properties of the Android and Google Play app ecosystem, comparatively much less is known about iOS and the Apple App Store, the most widely used ecosystem in the US. At the same time, there is increasing competition around privacy between these smartphone operating system providers. In this paper, we present a study of 24k Android and iOS apps from 2020 along several dimensions relating to user privacy. We find that third-party tracking and the sharing of unique user identifiers was widespread in apps from both ecosystems, even in apps aimed at children. In the children's category, iOS apps tended to use fewer advertising-related tracking than their Android counterparts, but could more often access children's location. Across all studied apps, our study highlights widespread potential violations of US, EU and UK privacy law, including 1) the use of third-party tracking without user consent, 2) the lack of parental consent before sharing personally identifiable information (PII) with third-parties in children's apps, 3) the non-data-minimising configuration of tracking libraries, 4) the sending of personal data to countries without an adequate level of data protection, and 5) the continued absence of transparency around tracking, partly due to design decisions by Apple and Google. Overall, we find that neither platform is clearly better than the other for privacy across the dimensions we studied.
description: Accepted for publication by the Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PoPETs) 2022
A Nottinghamshire enclosure commissioner's minute-book: notes upon a volume entitled 'East Drayton Inclosure, Mr William Calvert's Minute Book', in the Parish Chest of East Drayton, in the County of Nottingham
Creators: name: Tate, W
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Transactions of the Thoroton Society, 41, 76-86
The KeYmaera X Proof IDE - Concepts on Usability in Hybrid Systems Theorem Proving
Creators: name: Mitsch, Stefan
name: Platzer, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hybrid systems verification is quite important for developing correct controllers for physical systems, but is also challenging. Verification engineers, thus, need to be empowered with ways of guiding hybrid systems verification while receiving as much help from automation as possible. Due to undecidability, verification tools need sufficient means for intervening during the verification and need to allow verification engineers to provide system design insights. This paper presents the design ideas behind the user interface for the hybrid systems theorem prover KeYmaera X. We discuss how they make it easier to prove hybrid systems as well as help learn how to conduct proofs in the first place. Unsurprisingly, the most difficult user interface challenges come from the desire to integrate automation and human guidance. We also share thoughts how the success of such a user interface design could be evaluated and anecdotal observations about it.
description: In Proceedings F-IDE 2016, arXiv:1701.07925
Spin-Triplet Pairing Induced by Near-Neighbor Attraction in the Cuprate Chain
Creators: name: Qu, Dai-Wei
name: Chen, Bin-Bin
name: Jiang, Hong-Chen
name: Wang, Yao
name: Li, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum materials, the electronic interaction and the electron-phonon coupling are, in general, two essential ingredients, the combined impact of which may drive exotic phases. Recently, an anomalously strong electron-electron attraction, mediated by phonons, has been unveiled in one-dimensional copper-oxide chain Ba$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_{3+δ}$. Yet, it is unclear how this strong near-neighbor attraction $V$ influences the superconductivity pairing in the compound. Here we perform accurate many-body calculations to study the extended Hubbard model with on-site Coulomb repulsion $U>0$ and attraction $V<0$ that well describes the cuprate chain and likely other similar transition-metal materials with both strong correlations and lattice effects. We find a rich quantum phase diagram containing an intriguing Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid phase -- besides the spin density wave and various phase separation phases -- that can host dominant spin-triplet pairing correlations and divergent superconductive susceptibility. Upon doping, the spin-triplet superconducting regime can be further broadened in the parameter space and extends to larger $U$, offering a feasible mechanism to realize $p$-wave superconductivity in realistic cuprate chains.
description: 8+9 pages, 6+9 figures
High Capacity Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted 3D Mesh Models Based on Multi-MSB Prediction
Creators: name: Lv, Wanli
name: Cheng, Lulu
name: Yin, Zhaoxia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As a new generation of digital media for covert transmission, three-dimension (3D) mesh models are frequently used and distributed on the network. Facing the huge massive of network data, it is urgent to study a method to protect and store this large amounts of data. In this paper, we proposed a high capacity reversible data hiding in encrypted 3D mesh models. This method divides the vertices of all 3D mesh into "embedded sets" and "prediction sets" based on the parity of the index. In addition, the multiple most significant bit (Multi-MSB) prediction reserved space is used to adaptively embed secret message, and the auxiliary information is compressed by arithmetic coding to further free up redundant space of the 3D mesh models. We use the majority voting system(MSV) principle to restore the original mesh model with high quality. The experimental results show that our method achieves a higher embedding capacity compared with state-of-the-art RDH-ED methods on 3D mesh models and can restore the original 3D mesh models with high quality.
description: Published in Signal Processing
Strongly Ideal Robust Weyl Semimetals in Cubic Symmetry with Spatial-Inversion Breaking
Creators: name: Wang, R.
name: Zhao, J. Z.
name: Jin, Y. J.
name: Xu, W. P.
name: Gan, L. -Y.
name: Wu, X. Z.
name: Xu, H.
name: Tong, S. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that compounds in a family that possess time-reversal symmetry and share a non-centrosymmetric cubic structure with the space group F-43m (No. 216) host robust ideal Weyl semi-metal fermions with desirable topologically protected features. The candidates in this family are compounds with different chemical formulas AB2, ABC, ABC2, and ABCD and their Fermi levels are predominantly populated by nontrivial Weyl fermions. Symmetry of the system requires that the Weyl nodes with opposite chirality are well separated in momentum space. Adjacent Weyl points have the same chirality, thus these Weyl nodes would not annihilate each other with respect to lattice perturbations. As Fermi arcs and surface states connect Weyl nodes with opposite chirality, the large separation of the latter in momentum space guarantees the appearance of very long arcs and surface states. This work demonstrates the use of system symmetry by first-principles calculations as a powerful recipe for discovering new Weyl semi-metals with attractive features whose protected fermions may be candidates of many applications.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Role-separating ordering in social dilemmas controlled by topological frustration
Creators: name: Amaral, Marco A.
name: Perc, Matjaz
name: Wardil, Lucas
name: Szolnoki, Attila
name: Júnior, Elton J. da Silva
name: da Silva, Jafferson K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: "Three is a crowd" is an old proverb that applies as much to social interactions, as it does to frustrated configurations in statistical physics models. Accordingly, social relations within a triangle deserve special attention. With this motivation, we explore the impact of topological frustration on the evolutionary dynamics of the snowdrift game on a triangular lattice. This topology provides an irreconcilable frustration, which prevents anti-coordination of competing strategies that would be needed for an optimal outcome of the game. By using different strategy updating protocols, we observe complex spatial patterns in dependence on payoff values that are reminiscent to a honeycomb-like organization, which helps to minimize the negative consequence of the topological frustration. We relate the emergence of these patterns to the microscopic dynamics of the evolutionary process, both by means of mean-field approximations and Monte Carlo simulations. For comparison, we also consider the same evolutionary dynamics on the square lattice, where of course the topological frustration is absent. However, with the deletion of diagonal links of the triangular lattice, we can gradually bridge the gap to the square lattice. Interestingly, in this case the level of cooperation in the system is a direct indicator of the level of topological frustration, thus providing a method to determine frustration levels in an arbitrary interaction network.
description: 9 two-column pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in Physical Review E
Outer Architecture of Kepler-11: Constraints from Coplanarity
Creators: name: Jontof-Hutter, Daniel
name: Weaver, Brian P.
name: Ford, Eric B.
name: Lissauer, Jack J.
name: Fabrycky, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The outer architectures of Kepler's compact systems of multiple transiting planets remain poorly constrained and few of these systems have lower bounds on the orbital distance of any massive outer planets. We infer a minimum orbital distance and upper limits on the inclination of a hypothetical Jovian-mass planet orbiting exterior to the six transiting planets at Kepler-11. Our constraints are derived from dynamical models together with observations provided by the Kepler mission. Firstly, the lack of transit timing variations (TTV) in the outermost transiting planet Kepler-11 g imply that the system does not contain a Jovian mass perturber within 2 AU from the star. Secondly, we test under what initial conditions a Jovian-mass planet moderately inclined from the transiting planets would make their co-transiting configuration unlikely. The transiting planets are secularly coupled and exhibit small mutual inclinations over long time-scales, although the outermost transiting planet, Kepler-11 g is weakly coupled to the inner five. We rule out a Jovian-mass planet on a 3 degree inclination within 3.0 AU, and higher inclinations out to further orbital distances, unless an undetected planet exists orbiting in the dynamical gap between Kepler-11 f and Kepler-11 g. Our constraints depend little on whether we assume the six transiting planets of Kepler-11 were initially perfectly co-planar or whether a minimum initial mutual inclination between the transiting planets is adopted based on the measured impact parameters of the transiting planets.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures
The Nehari manifold approach for singular equations involving the p(x)-Laplace operator
Creators: name: Repovš, Dušan D.
name: Saoudi, Kamel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J20, 35J60, 35J70, 47J10

description: We study the following singular problem involving the p$(x)$-Laplace operator $Δ_{p(x)}u= div(|\nabla u|^{p(x)-2}\nabla u)$, where $p(x)$ is a nonconstant continuous function, \begin{equation} \nonumber {(\rm P_λ)} \left\{\begin{aligned} - Δ_{p(x)} u & = a(x)|u|^{q(x)-2}u(x)+ \frac{λb(x)}{u^{δ(x)}} \quad\mbox{in}\,Ω,\\ u &>0 \quad\mbox{in}\,Ω, \\ u & =0 \quad\mbox{on}\,\partialΩ.\end{aligned} \right. \end{equation} Here, $Ω$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^{N\geq2}$ with $C^2$-boundary, $λ$ is a positive parameter, $a(x), b(x) \in C(\overlineΩ)$ are positive weight functions with compact support in $Ω$, and $δ(x),$ $p(x),$ $q(x) \in C(\overlineΩ)$ satisfy certain hypotheses ($A_{0}$) and ($A_{1}$). We apply the Nehari manifold approach and some new techniques to establish the multiplicity of positive solutions for problem ${(\rm P_λ)}$.
Interfacing Automatic Proof Agents in Atelier B: Introducing "iapa"
Creators: name: Burdy, Lilian
name: Déharbe, David
name: Prun, Étienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.4; D.2.2

description: The application of automatic theorem provers to discharge proof obligations is necessary to apply formal methods in an efficient manner. Tools supporting formal methods, such as Atelier~B, generate proof obligations fully automatically. Consequently, such proof obligations are often cluttered with information that is irrelevant to establish their validity. We present iapa, an "Interface to Automatic Proof Agents", a new tool that is being integrated to Atelier~B, through which the user will access proof obligations, apply operations to simplify these proof obligations, and then dispatch the resulting, simplified, proof obligations to a portfolio of automatic theorem provers.
description: In Proceedings F-IDE 2016, arXiv:1701.07925
High-velocity impact failure modeling of Armox 500T steel: Model validation and application to structural design
Creators: Mao, Kyle
Toussaint, Geneviève
Komrakova, Alexandra
Hogan, James D.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

As an advanced fracture model, the Generalized Incremental Stress State dependent damage MOdel (GISSMO) provides non-linear damage accumulation formulation to better predict ductile fracture initiation associated with a wider range of material stress states. In this study, we simulate the high-velocity impact failure of Armox 500T steel through computational finite element modeling in the LS-DYNA/Explicit solver. Here, the GISSMO is used to describe the ballistic responses of the Armox 500T steel under dynamic impacts. Two sets of the most important parameters in the GISSMO (i.e., the fracture and instability surfaces) are determined for the Armox 500T steel. The GISSMO is calibrated in terms of the fade exponent and mesh regularization functions using the force–displacement curve of tensile tests extracted from the literature. The calibrated GISSMO is then scaled with the strain rate and validated by comparing quantitative measurements from ballistic experiments provided in the literature. Once validated, the model is then used to investigate the impact failure behaviors of Armox 500T steel by simulating bi-layer configurations consisting of an Armox 500T steel front plate and a rolled homogeneous armor (RHA) steel backing plate impact from a 20 mm fragment simulating projectile. The roles of the standoff distance and impact angle of obliquity on impact failure behaviors of bi-layered steel systems are explored. Altogether, results from this study provide new capabilities and insights into the design of armor structures with respect to lightweight and ballistic performance, and evaluation of impact failure behaviors of Armox 500T/RHA bi-layered systems.