cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Combinatorial quantum gravity and emergent 3D quantum behaviour
Creators: name: Trugenberger, Carlo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review combinatorial quantum gravity, an approach which combines Einstein's idea of dynamical geometry with Wheeler's "it from bit" hypothesis in a model of dynamical graphs governed by the coarse Ollivier-Ricci curvature. This drives a continuous phase transition from a random to a geometric phase, due to a condensation of loops on the graph. In the 2D case, the geometric phase describes negative-curvature surfaces with two inversely related scales, an ultraviolet (UV) Planck length and an infrared (IR) radius of curvature. Below the Planck scale the random bit character survives: chunks of random bits of the Planck size describe matter particles of excitation energy given by their excess curvature. Between the Planck length and the curvature radius, the surface is smooth, with spectral and Hausdorff dimension 2; at scales larger than the curvature radius, particles see the surface as an effective Lorentzian de Sitter surface, the spectral dimension becomes 3 and the effective slow dynamics of particles, as seen by co-moving observers, emerges as quantum mechanics in Euclidean 3D space. Since the 3D distances are inherited from the underlying 2D de Sitter surface, we obtain curved trajectories around massive particles also in 3D, representing the large-scale gravity interactions. We shall thus propose that this 2D model describes a generic holographic screen relevant for real quantum gravity.
Telephone-Based Identification of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in a Multicultural Cohort
Creators: name: Manly, Jennifer J.
name: Schupf, Nicole
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Brickman, Adam M.
name: Tang, Mingxin
name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dementia
subject: Older people
subject: Mild cognitive impairment
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Telephone-based interviews can be used for screening and to obtain key study outcomes when participants in longitudinal studies die or cannot be seen in person, but must be validated among ethnically and educationally diverse people. Objective: To determine the accuracy of a telephone interview in classifying (1) demented from nondemented participants, (2) cognitively impaired participants from cognitively normal participants, and (3) participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from those with normal cognition or (4) MCI from dementia among an ethnically and educationally diverse community-based sample. Method: The sample consisted of 377 (30.5% non-Hispanic white, 34.7% non-Hispanic black, and 33.7% Caribbean Hispanic) older adults. The validation standard was diagnosis of dementia and MCI based on in-person evaluation. The Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) and the Dementia Questionnaire (DQ) were administered within the same assessment wave. Results: The sample included 256 people (67.9%) with normal cognition, 68 (18.0%) with MCI, and 53 (14.1%) with dementia. Validity of the TICS was comparable among non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, and Hispanics. Among non-Hispanic whites, the DQ had better discrimination of those with dementia from those without dementia and from those with MCI than among other racial/ethnic groups. Telephone measures discriminated best when used to differentiate demented from nondemented participants (88% sensitivity and 87% specificity for the TICS; 66% sensitivity and 89% specificity for DQ) and when used to differentiate cognitively normal participants from those with cognitive impairment (ie, MCI and dementia combined; 73% sensitivity and 77% specificity for the TICS; 49% sensitivity and 82% specificity for DQ). When demographics and prior memory test performance were used to calculate pretest probability, consideration of the telephone measures significantly improved diagnostic validity. Conclusions: The TICS has high diagnostic validity for identification of dementia among ethnically diverse older adults, especially when supported by the DQ and prior visit data. However, telephone interview data were unable to reliably distinguish MCI from normal cognition.
title: Reasons for axillary ultrasound scan requests and the relationship with detection of significant abnormality
Creators: name: Kan, Chee Yip
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Oncology
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Breast

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: In our district general hospital, a considerable number of patients are referred for ultrasound scan of the axilla for symptoms relating to ‘lump’, ‘pain’ or a combination of both. Our study aim to determine the detection rate of significant...
Dynamic tracking of functional gene modules in treated juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Creators: name: Du, Nan
name: Jiang, Kaiyu
name: Sawle, Ashley
name: Frank, Mark Barton
name: Wallace, Carol A.
name: Zhang, Aidong
name: Jarvis, James N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Arthritis
subject: Rheumatism
subject: Gene expression
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background
We have previously shown that childhood-onset rheumatic diseases show aberrant patterns of gene expression that reflect pathology-associated co-expression networks. In this study, we used novel computational approaches to examine how disease-associated networks are altered in one of the most common rheumatic diseases of childhood, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Methods
Using whole blood gene expression profiles derived from children in a pediatric rheumatology clinical trial, we used a network approach to understanding the impact of therapy and the underlying biology of response/non-response to therapy.

Results
We demonstrate that therapy for JIA is associated with extensive re-ordering of gene expression networks, even in children who respond inadequately to therapy. Furthermore, we observe distinct differences in the evolution of specific network properties when we compare children who have been treated successfully with those who have inadequate treatment response.

Conclusions
Despite the inherent noisiness of whole blood gene expression data, our findings demonstrate how therapeutic response might be mapped and understood in pathologically informative cells in a broad range of human inflammatory diseases.
Simulation of Asymptotically AdS5 Spacetimes with a Generalized Harmonic Evolution Scheme
Creators: name: Bantilan, Hans
name: Pretorius, Frans
name: Gubser, Steven S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the gauge/gravity duality, we introduce a numerical scheme based on generalized harmonic evolution to solve the Einstein field equations on asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetimes. We work in global AdS5, which can be described by the (t,r,χ,θ,ϕ) spherical coordinates adapted to the R{\times}S3 boundary. We focus on solutions that preserve an SO(3) symmetry that acts to rotate the 2-spheres parametrized by θ,ϕ. In the boundary conformal field theory (CFT), the way in which this symmetry manifests itself hinges on the way we choose to embed Minkowski space in R{\times}S3. We present results from an ongoing study of prompt black hole formation via scalar field collapse, and explore the subsequent quasi-normal ringdown. Beginning with initial data characterized by highly distorted apparent horizon geometries, the metrics quickly evolve, via quasi-normal ringdown, to equilibrium static black hole solutions at late times. The lowest angular number quasi-normal modes are consistent with the linear modes previously found in perturbative studies, whereas the higher angular modes are a combination of linear modes and of harmonics arising from non-linear mode-coupling. We extract the stress energy tensor of the dual CFT on the boundary, and find that despite being highly inhomogeneous initially, it nevertheless evolves from the outset in a manner that is consistent with a thermalized N=4 SYM fluid. As a first step towards closer contact with relativistic heavy ion collision physics, we map this solution to a Minkowski piece of the R{\times}S3 boundary, and obtain a corresponding fluid flow in Minkowski space.
Parallelizing Optimal Multiple Sequence Alignment by Dynamic Programming
Creators: name: Helal, Manal
name: El-Gindy, Hossam
name: Mullin, Lenore
name: Gaeta, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.3

description: Optimal multiple sequence alignment by dynamic programming, like many highly dimensional scientific computing problems, has failed to benefit from the improvements in computing performance brought about by multi-processor systems, due to the lack of suitable scheme to manage partitioning and dependencies. A scheme for parallel implementation of the dynamic programming multiple sequence alignment is presented, based on a peer to peer design and a multidimensional array indexing method. This design results in up to 5-fold improvement compared to a previously described master/slave design, and scales favourably with the number of processors used. This study demonstrates an approach for parallelising multi-dimensional dynamic programming and similar algorithms utilizing multi-processor architectures.
Post-disaster community recovery : linking environmental and economic recovery
Creators: name: De Ruiter, Marleen Carolijn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study examines the linkages between environmental and economic post-disaster recovery for coastal communities using the effects of Hurricane Katrina on the Mississippi Gulf Coast as a case study. The disaster literature often neglects to discuss the recovery of the natural environment in urban areas and how this influences the economic recovery of a community. This is caused in part by the difficulty of measuring recovery. However, it is a very important part of the post-disaster recovery and this study explores such ‘hidden losses’ as a declined contribution of the local fishery industry to the community. It is also important to recognize that the perception of how the natural environment relates to human societies is influenced by a society’s paradigm. This study first examines the influence of two contrasting paradigms on the assessment of the recovery of natural system: the anthropocentric and ecocentric paradigms. This provides insights into the influence of the contemporary anthropocentric paradigm and the contrast with an ecocentric approach. Secondly, this thesis research studies the linkages between environmental and economic recovery for coastal tourism and fishery industries, focusing on a case study of the Biloxi area of Mississippi following Hurricane Katrina in 2005. The empirical insights gained from the case study are used to refine a framework for linking post-disaster environmental and economic recovery. Fieldwork was conducted in October 2010 and included 13 expert judgment interviews with local stakeholders and authorities. Quantitative analysis was also conducted using statistical time series data on economic and environmental variables. Results indicate that the economic recovery of the environment-dependent fisheries sector lagged behind the recovery of the general economy. This is caused by several factors such as decreased demand for fisheries products due to perception of environmental damage. Findings are summarized in a diagram of linkages between environmental and economic recovery.
title: Validation of the vacuum-assisted stereotactic breast biopsy with the excisional surgical biopsy: experience from a Chilean public hospital.
Creators: name: HERNANDEZ, MIRIAM
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Breast
subject: Oncology
subject: Mammography
subject: Biopsy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Vacuum assisted biopsy
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Cancer
subject: Pathology
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The open excision of a suspicious lesion is the gold standard for breast biopsies; however, it is not exempt from inherent risks to any surgical procedure. The vacuum-assisted stereotactic breast biopsy (VABB) technique, performed with a thick...
Lorentzian spinfoam propagator
Creators: name: Bianchi, Eugenio
name: Ding, You
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-point correlation function is calculated in the Lorentzian EPRL spinfoam model, and shown to match with the one in Regge calculus in a proper limit: large boundary spins, and small Barbero-Immirzi parameter, keeping the size of the quantum geometry finite and fixed. Compared to the Euclidean case, the definition of a Lorentzian boundary state involves a new feature: the notion of past- and future-pointing intertwiners. The semiclassical correlation function is obtained for a time-oriented semiclassical boundary state.
description: 13 pages, minor changes, references added
title: Water application and irrigation efficiencies in selected fields in the Arkansas River Valley (CO)
title: Hydrology days 2005
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2005
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Jaramillo, Andres
name: Garcia, Luis
name: Gates, Timothy
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2005

description: 2005 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 7 - March 9, 2005.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: During the 2004 growing season (May 20 – August 20), irrigation activities were monitored along the 160-mile stretch between Fowler and Holly in Colorado's Lower Arkansas Valley. Fifteen fields were monitored to evaluate ongoing water use practices with an eye toward potential improvement. Ten of the monitored fields were surface irrigated, two by center pivot sprinkler systems and two by sub-surface drip irrigation systems. Where possible, measurements of total irrigation water inflow and outflow were made. Infiltration tests were conducted, and water was sampled for salinity, phosphate, and nitrate concentrations. To carry out these activities, flumes (Cutthroat and Parshall), existent flow-meters (for sprinkler and drip systems), GPS units, conductimeters, and pressure transducers (water level sensors) were employed. As more than one growing season is required to establish an accurate baseline and understanding of the region's water use practices, the results presented in this paper are all preliminary.
Perturbational Treatment of the Gravitational Potential Effect on Binary Black Hole Evolution
Creators: name: Cao, Zhoujian
name: Yu, Jui-Ping
name: Lin, Chun-Yu
name: Bai, Shan
name: Yo, Hwei-Jang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary black hole (BBH) systems are usually located in the gravitational potential well formed by a massive black hole (BH), which is mostly located in the center of a galaxy. In most existing studies, the BBH systems are treated as isolated systems, while the effect of the background is ignored. The validity of the approximation is based on the belief that the background gravitational field from other sources is extremely weak compared with the strong gravitational field produced by the BBH itself during the evolution, and can be neglected in gravitational wave detection. However, it is still interesting to check how valid this approximation is. In this work, instead of simulating the three-BH problem with a fully relativistic treatment, we use a perturbational scheme to investigate the effect of the background gravitational potential on the evolution of a BBH, especially on the waveform of its gravitational radiation. Four scenarios are considered including the head-on collision and the inspiral-to-merger process of a BBH which is either freefalling towards or circularly orbiting around a third large BH. The head-on collision and the circular inspiral are two limits of all possible configurations. The existence of the background gravitational potential changes the arrival time of the gravitational wavefront of a BH, prolongs the wavelength, and increases the gravitational radiation energy. And most interestingly, the background gravitational potential induces the higher-order modes of the gravitational wave of a BBH. These interesting phenomena can be explained by the gravitational redshift effect and the change of eccentricity of a BBH's orbit from the background gravitational potential.
description: updated version of Journal of Physics: Conference Series 330 (2011) 012016
title: Is there bowel involvement? : A comparison of local protocols against ESUR Guidelines for imaging of endometriosis
Creators: name: Chung, Rui-En
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genitourinary
subject: Colon
subject: Contrast agents
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Outcomes
subject: Retrospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Endometriosis is a common gynaecological presentation seen in clinical practice with uncertain aetiology. Endometriosis can be broadly categorised into its location of involvement, whether they are superficial or within the deep spaces. 1 However...
Dynamic Programming Algorithms for Discovery of Antibiotic Resistance in Microbial Genomes
Creators: name: Helal, Manal
name: Sintchenko, Vitali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6

description: The translation of comparative genomics into clinical decision support tools often depends on the quality of sequence alignments. However, currently used methods of multiple sequence alignments suffer from significant biases and problems with aligning diverged sequences. The objective of this study was to develop and test a new multiple sequence alignment (MSA) algorithm suitable for the high-throughput comparative analysis of different microbial genomes. This algorithm employs an innovative tensor indexing method for partitioning the dynamic programming hyper-cube space for parallel processing. We have used the clinically relevant task of identifying regions that determine resistance to antibiotics to test the new algorithm and to compare its performance with existing MSA methods. The new method "mmDst" performed better than existing MSA algorithms for more divergent sequences because it employs a simultaneous alignment scoring recurrence, which effectively approximated the score for edge missing cell scores that fall outside the scoring region.
description: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=d06cf32f66c6866e2867abdca587419d4958af1e
Arsenic exposure is associated with pediatric pneumonia in rural Bangladesh: a case control study
Creators: name: George, Christine Marie
name: Brooks, W. Abdullah
name: Graziano, Joseph H.
name: S. Nonyane, Bareng A.
name: Hossain, Lokman
name: Goswami, Doli
name: Zaman, Khalequzzaman
name: Yunus, Mohammad
name: Khan, Al Fazal
name: Jahan, Yasmin
name: Ahmed, Dilruba
name: Slavkovich, Vesna N.
name: Higdon, Melissa
name: Deloria-Knoll, Maria
name: O’ Brien, Katherine L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Drinking water--Arsenic content
Arsenic--Physiological effect
Pneumonia in children
Environmental health

description: Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of death for children under 5 years of age globally, making research on modifiable risk factors for childhood pneumonia important for reducing this disease burden. Millions of children globally are exposed to elevated levels of arsenic in drinking water. However, there is limited data on the association between arsenic exposure and respiratory infections, particularly among pediatric populations.

Methods: This case control study of 153 pneumonia cases and 296 controls 28 days to 59 months of age in rural Bangladesh is the first to assess whether arsenic exposure is a risk factor for pneumonia in a pediatric population. Cases had physician diagnosed World Health Organization defined severe or very severe pneumonia. Urine collected during hospitalization (hospital admission time point) and 30 days later (convalescent time point) from cases and a single specimen from community controls was tested for urinary arsenic by graphite furnace atomic absorption.

Results: The odds for pneumonia was nearly double for children with urinary arsenic concentrations higher than the first quartile (≥6 μg/L) at the hospital admission time point (Odd Ratio (OR):1.88 (95 % Confidence Interval (CI): 1.01, 3.53)), after adjustment for urinary creatinine, weight for height, breastfeeding, paternal education, age, and number of people in the household. This was consistent with findings at the convalescent time point where the adjusted OR for children with urinary arsenic concentrations greater than the first quartile (≥6 μg/L) was 2.32 (95 % CI: 1.33, 4.02).

Conclusion: We observed a nearly two times higher odds of pneumonia for children with creatinine adjusted urinary arsenic concentrations greater than the first quartile (≥6 μg/L) at the hospital admission time point. This novel finding suggests that low to moderate arsenic exposure may be a risk factor for pneumonia in children under 5 years of age.
Performance Evaluation of Checkpoint/Restart Techniques
Creators: name: Azeem, Basma Abdel
name: Helal, Manal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.3

description: Distributed applications running on a large cluster environment, such as the cloud instances will have shorter execution time. However, the application might suffer from sudden termination due to unpredicted computing node failures, thus loosing the whole computation. Checkpoint/restart is a fault tolerance technique used to solve this problem. In this work we evaluated the performance of two of the most commonly used checkpoint/restart techniques (Distributed Multithreaded Checkpointing (DMTCP) and Berkeley Lab Checkpoint/Restart library (BLCR) integrated into the OpenMPI framework). We aimed to test their validity and evaluate their performance in both local and Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) environments. The experiments were conducted on Amazon EC2 as a well-known proprietary cloud computing service provider. Results obtained were reported and compared to evaluate checkpoint and restart time values, data scalability and compute processes scalability. The findings proved that DMTCP performs better than BLCR for checkpoint and restart speed, data scalability and compute processes scalability experiments.
Ancistrocerus undetermined
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Vespidae
Ancistrocerus
Ancistrocerus undetermined

description: Ancistrocerus sp.
* Odynerus parietum (LINNAEUS, 1758): INNES BEY 1911: 103 (Tadjoura, cat. Lord Collection). Ancistrocerus parietum (LINNAEUS, 1758): GUSENLEITNER & MADL 2016: 92 (tax., cat. Djibouti).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Tadjoura.
This record is a misidentification (GUSENLEITNER & MADL 2016) and doubtful, because Tadjoura is not recorded by WALKER (1871a: 32).
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, 2018, A preliminary catalogue of the Hymenoptera (Insecta) of the Republic of Djibouti, pp. 907-967 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on pages 927-928, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3776452
Interplay between spin-orbit coupling and Hubbard interaction in SrIrO3 and related Pbnm perovskites
Creators: name: Zeb, M. Ahsan
name: Kee, Hae-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has been a rapidly growing interest on the interplay between spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and Hubbard interaction U in correlated materials. A current consensus is that the stronger the SOC, the smaller is the critical interaction Uc required for a spin-orbit Mott insulator, because the atomic SOC splits a band into different total angular momentum bands narrowing the effective bandwidth. It was further claimed that at large enough SOC, the stronger the SOC, the weaker the Uc because in general the effective SOC is enhanced with increasing electron-electron interaction strength. Contrary to this expectation, we find that, in orthorhombic perovskite oxides (Pbnm), the stronger the SOC, the bigger the Uc. This is originated from a line of Dirac node in Jeff=1/2 bands near the Fermi level inherited from a combination of the lattice structure and a large SOC. Due to this protected line of nodes, there are small hole and electron pockets in SrIrO3, and such a small density of states makes Hubbard interaction less efficient in building a magnetic insulator. The full phase diagram in U vs. SOC is obtained, where non-magnetic semimetal, magnetic metal, and magnetic insulator are found. Magnetic ordering patterns beyond Uc are also presented. We further discuss implications of our finding in relation to other perovskites such as SrRhO3 and SrRuO3.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Explaining the Pattern of Secured Credit
Creators: name: Mann, Ronald
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Contracts
subject: Loans
subject: Collecting of accounts
subject: Finance--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Finance

description: Granting collateral to secure loans is a prominent feature of the U.S. economy, but, surprisingly, we do not understand how borrowers and lenders decide whether to engage in a secured or an unsecured transaction. In this Article, Professor Mann argues that existing theories of secured lending are inadequate because the theories' predictions have not been tested against empirical data. To understand the actual pattern of secured credit, Professor Mann interviewed more than twenty borrowers and lenders in various sectors of the economy. Based on the evidence gathered in these interviews, as well as on preexisting empirical studies, this Article develops a model of the borrower's decision to grant collateral that focuses on the borrower's perceptions of the costs and benefits of secured and unsecured transactions. Granting collateral lowers the aggregate costs of a lending transaction by lowering the pre-loan perception of the risk of default. Secured credit can do this not only by increasing the lender's ability to collect the debt forcibly through liquidation of the collateral, but also in less direct ways: by decreasing the borrower's ability to obtain subsequent loans; by increasing the lender's leverage over the borrower's activities; and by repairing the loan-induced differentiation of the incentives of the borrower and the lender. Conversely, a grant of collateral can increase the costs of a lending transaction by increasing the costs of entering the transaction as well as the costs of administering the loan. In the Article's final section, Professor Mann uses the decision-based model to explain three separate aspects of the pattern of secured credit: the relatively infrequent use of secured credit by companies with strong financial records, the relation between the use of collateral and the duration of the debt, and the apparently low rate of retention of security interests by suppliers.
title: Linear follow-up of cardiovascular risk at 5 years in a patient group with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Doppler ultrasound of carotid arteries.
Creators: name: Rolleri Fajardo, Jeremias
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Prospective
subject: Arthritides
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Education
subject: Acceptance testing
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Vascular
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Vascular

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: - Evaluate the occurrence of cardiovascular events. - Re-stratify the risk of current cardiovascular event. - Evaluate change of myointimal thickness and the incidence of subclinical atherosclerosis. - Determine the risk of subclinical...
Navigating Tyranny: Resilience, Resistance, and the Path to Freedom
Creators: name: Oliveira D., M. Jorge
Publisher: name: EmpowerVerse Media, Information & Communication Agency
Year: 2025
Subjects: tyranny
resilience
resistance

description: In an era marked by authoritarian tendencies and the erosion of democratic norms, the ability to navigate and resist tyranny has become an essential skill for individuals and communities alike. This article critically reflects on historical and contemporary strategies for enduring oppressive regimes, examining insights from political theory, psychology, and sociology. It explores how personal resilience, collective action, and informed dissent can serve as powerful countermeasures against tyranny.
Detecting genuine multipartite entanglement via machine learning
Creators: name: Luo, Yi-Jun
name: Liu, Jin-Ming
name: Zhang, Chengjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, supervised and semi-supervised machine learning methods such as neural networks, support vector machines (SVM), and semi-supervised support vector machines (S4VM) have been widely used in quantum entanglement and quantum steering verification problems. However, few studies have focused on detecting genuine multipartite entanglement based on machine learning. Here, we investigate supervised and semi-supervised machine learning for detecting genuine multipartite entanglement of three-qubit states. We randomly generate three-qubit density matrices, and train an SVM for the detection of genuine multipartite entangled states. Moreover, we improve the training method of S4VM, which optimizes the grouping of prediction samples and then performs iterative predictions. Through numerical simulation, it is confirmed that this method can significantly improve the prediction accuracy.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
The Cosmological Constant in the Quantum Multiverse
Creators: name: Larsen, Grant
name: Nomura, Yasunori
name: Roberts, H. L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a new framework for describing the multiverse has been proposed which is based on the principles of quantum mechanics. The framework allows for well-defined predictions, both regarding global properties of the universe and outcomes of particular experiments, according to a single probability formula. This provides complete unification of the eternally inflating multiverse and many worlds in quantum mechanics. In this paper we elucidate how cosmological parameters can be calculated in this framework, and study the probability distribution for the value of the cosmological constant. We consider both positive and negative values, and find that the observed value is consistent with the calculated distribution at an order of magnitude level. In particular, in contrast to the case of earlier measure proposals, our framework prefers a positive cosmological constant over a negative one. These results depend only moderately on how we model galaxy formation and life evolution therein.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures; matches the version published in Phys. Rev. D
Shaken, not stirred: Test particles in binary black hole mergers
Creators: name: van der Merwe, Pieter
name: Böttcher, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since 2015 the advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (aLIGO) has detected a large number of gravitational wave events, originating from both binary neutron stars and binary black hole (BBH) mergers. In light of these detections, we simulate the dynamics of ambient test particles in the gravitational potential well of a BBH system close to its inspiral phase with the goal of simulating the associated electromagnetic radiation and resulting spectral energy distribution of such a BBH system. This could shed light on possible detection ranges of electromagnetic counterparts to BBH mergers. The potentials are numerically calculated using finite difference methods, under the assumption of non-rotating black holes with the post-Newtonian Paczynski-Wiita potential approximation in tandem with retarded time concepts analogous to electrodynamics. We find that the frequencies of potential electromagnetic radiation produced by these systems (possibly reaching Earth), range between a few $\text{kHz}$ to a few $100 \text{MHz}$.
description: 11 Pages and 8 Figures
Deep Learning 21cm Lightcones in 3D
Creators: name: Heneka, Caroline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interferometric measurements of the 21cm signal are a prime example of the data-driven era in astrophysics we are entering with current and upcoming experiments. We showcase the use of deep networks that are tailored for the structure of 3D tomographic 21cm light-cones to firstly detect and characterise HI sources and to secondly directly infer global astrophysical and cosmological model parameters. We compare different architectures and highlight how 3D CNN architectures that mirror the data structure are the best-performing model.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. This is a preprint of the following chapter: Heneka, C., Deep Learning 21 cm Lightcones in 3D, published in Machine Learning for Astrophysics, ML4Astro 2022, edited by Bufano, F., Riggi, S., Sciacca, E., Schilliro, F., 2023, Springer, Cham. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34167-0_34
title: Diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of bone invasion and tumor depth of invasion from oral cavity cancer.
Creators: name: Taravella, Rossana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Retrospective
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: MR
subject: Salivary glands
subject: Oncology
subject: Head and neck
subject: Head and Neck

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate diagnostic accuracy of preoperative contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the assessment of bone invasion and radiologic depth of invasion ( rDOI ) by oral cavity cancer (OCC), having histopathology (with...
Income Tax Treaty Policy in the 21st Century: Residence vs. Source
Creators: name: Wells, Bret
name: Lowell, Cym H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Taxation--International cooperation
subject: Income tax--Law and legislation
subject: Double taxation--Treaties
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Economics

description: The United States has repeatedly attempted to stop tax base erosion for almost the entire post-World War I era, and yet the same problems exist today.  The need for fundamental tax reform is front-page material in the major newspapers with the US transfer pricing rules and US multinationals portrayed as public enemy #1. The OECD this month issued a report entitled "Addressing Base Erosion and Profit Shifting," and in a competing fashion several important developing countries have initiated their own pact to develop cooperative strategies on these issues outside of the framework of the OECD and UN.

The attached manuscript studies the historical record and sets forth a competing model for dealing with these matters which pre-dated the existing model treaties and transfer pricing paradigm.  This earlier paradigm was offered by the International Chamber of Commerce’s but was prematurely abandoned by the League of Nations in favor of the existing paradigm.  In light of the fact that the existing paradigm has failed so miserably, the earlier proposal should be re-considered.
The Influence of Historical Tax Law Developments on Anglo-American Laws and Politics
Creators: name: Cockfield, Arthur J.
name: Mayles, Jonah
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Taxation--Political aspects
subject: Law reform
subject: Taxation--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Economics

description: This article highlights the influence of historical Anglo-American tax law developments on the formation of new political institutions and laws. In critical periods of English and U.S. history, individuals rebelled against arbitrary royal taxes. In turn, they demanded new tax laws that became embedded in documents from the Magna Carta to the English Bill of Rights to the Declaration of Independence that promoted democratic constraints on the use of state power to assess and collect taxes. Over time, the idea that individuals are entitled to equal treatment under the law, and possess inalienable human rights, emerged in part as a result of these tax law developments. The discussion in this article supports the view that pragmatic concerns over property and taxation drove important English and American political and legal reforms.
title: Vas deferens calcifications: Do we need to report it?
Creators: name: Abduljawad, Hiba
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Pelvis
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Genitourinary
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Vas deferens calcifications is not a common finding in radiological studies such as plain x-rays and computer tomography. It has been reported in association with diabetes mellitus, hyperparathyroidism, certain genitourinary infections, and normal...
Ground/wall effects on a ducted fan for control applications of highly manoeuvrable vtols operating in confined spaces
Creators: name: Hosseini, Zahra
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 85-93
description: A few pages are in colour.
description: The increasing potential applications of unconventional VTOLs, using tilted ducted fans as flight control in confined spaces, provides the motivations for numerous research to focus on developing new design and control mechanisms suitable for the required manoeuvres. This thesis addresses an important factor that needs to be considered for designing an effective control system for indoor flights : the influence of proximity to solid boundaries on the performance of the ducted fans. CFD simulations were performed for a number of configurations of the fan-ground-wall and the results were used to develop a simple and quick model which can be used for real time VTOL aircraft control. The proposed model, compared to other models described in the literature, which require the same level of computational work, captures the trends of the changes more accurately. The model is capable to predict the environmental effects on the tilting fans in the configurations that they can get in the newly developed unconventional UA Vs such as the proximity to a wall and tilting in ground/wall effects.
Martin Ruhnke, ed. Georg Philipp Telemann: Thematisch-Systematisches Verzeichnis seiner Werke:
Telemann-Werkverzeichnis: Instrumental Werke 2.
Creators: name: Zohn, Steven
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Music

description: This volume, the second of the Telemann-Werkverzeichnis (TWV) and a supplement to Barenreiter's selected critical edition of Telemann's works, completes the catalog of the chamber music. Thus for the first time an overview of the composer's entire output is possible (although the third
and final volume of the TWV; covering the orchestral works, will include some works omitted from thematic catalogs presently available). As Martin Ruhnke points out in the preface, one of the more popular claims about Telemann's compositional facility-that he composed more than Bach and Handel together-can now be confirmed (pp. vii-viii). In fact, the number of Telemann's works (3,617 by Ruhnke's count) is nearly double that of Bach's and Handel's combined output. This revelation may do little to diminish Telemann's reputation as a polygraph or (to use the more colorful German term) Vielschreiber, but a more or less complete catalogue raisonne should intensify the ongoing process of reassessing his music.
title: Petroleum hydrocarbon contamination of groundwater in Suez: causes severe fire risk
title: Hydrology days 2004
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2004
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Afifi, Sameh M.
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2004

description: 24th annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 10-12, 2004.
description: One of the major contributing causes to the fire that killed 8 persons in August 2000 and the Suez Petroleum region was the petroleum hydrocarbon releases to the subsurface groundwater at the SUEZ Geographical Region. The Suez petroleum geographic region is shared by several oil companies. Several of these companies have been in operation of oil refining, processing and petroleum products distribution activities for more than seventy years. The combined effects of petroleum related activities and war strikes have resulted in tremendous impacts on the safety and environmental conditions at the region. Hydrocarbon leaks and spills have resulted in serious contamination to shallow groundwater and became the major fire safety hazard in addition to posing serious environmental risk. Due to financial reasons and urge of immediate correction action, the conducted investigation focused on fire potential in order to minimize the risk. To properly characterize and evaluate the impacted soils, an intensive site characterization was performed. Sixty-three (63) soil borings were drilled in different locations around the region. Soil samples were collected from different depths and then analyzed for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) to determine its content in the soil. In order to assess the quantities and locations of free hydrocarbon product floating on top of the groundwater surface, fifty-three (53) soil boring were converted to monitoring wells. Based on the detected levels of free product inside the installed monitoring wells network, the groundwater hydrocarbon plume varies in thickness from 6" to over 40". Free product samples were collected from selected monitoring wells. The samples were sent to SPL Labs in Houston to perform PIANO analysis (Paraffins, Isoparaffins, Aromatics, Napthenes, and Olefins) and give a complete breakdown of all the chemical components which comprise the hydrocarbons. Chemical analysis of the free product collected from the subsurface that several sources of petroleum hydrocarbon releases are responsible for the free product plume. Mazot, solar (diesel) and gasoline (benzene) range petroleum hydrocarbons all exist in the subsurface. Three different groundwater plumes have been identified. Existing conditions at the site guarantee that upon an ignition source is present, the soils and free product on top of groundwater can and will maintain the fire to the furthest extent. Such conditions will be extremely dangerous and difficult for fire fighting teams. This paper presents the taken steps for investigation petroleum hydrocarbon contamination to minimize the fire risks. The present procedures will assist scientists and professionals in the field when investigating similar conditions.
Interpreting Differentiable Latent States for Healthcare Time-series Data
Creators: name: Chen, Yu
name: Bijlani, Nivedita
name: Kouchaki, Samaneh
name: Barnaghi, Payam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning enables extracting clinical insights from large temporal datasets. The applications of such machine learning models include identifying disease patterns and predicting patient outcomes. However, limited interpretability poses challenges for deploying advanced machine learning in digital healthcare. Understanding the meaning of latent states is crucial for interpreting machine learning models, assuming they capture underlying patterns. In this paper, we present a concise algorithm that allows for i) interpreting latent states using highly related input features; ii) interpreting predictions using subsets of input features via latent states; and iii) interpreting changes in latent states over time. The proposed algorithm is feasible for any model that is differentiable. We demonstrate that this approach enables the identification of a daytime behavioral pattern for predicting nocturnal behavior in a real-world healthcare dataset.