cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
2006 United States Animal Health Report
Creators: name: Animal And Plant Health Inspection Service
name: Animal And Plant Health Inspection Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpts from the report Foreword: The report highlights significant epidemiologic events of 2006 and provides insight into the Nation’s animal health surveillance activities. In addition, the report presents an update on programs, both new and existing, that strive to maintain healthy livestock, poultry, and aquaculture populations. This year, we are introducing two new chapters—animal health research and international collaboration. Animal health research is an important component of the U.S. animal health infrastructure. A description of this infrastructure—a complex network of Federal, State, and industry partners—is again included in the report as a reference tool.
REGIONAL IMPACTS OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ALLOCATION STRATEGIES
Creators: name: Maki, Wilbur R.
name: Knobloch, Peter C.
name: Maki, Wilbur R.
name: Knobloch, Peter C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1974
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: In this paper we report on the development and use of an information system for state or regional energy planning which attempts to deal with both external effects and information needs. A regional economic model is included as an integral part of the information system. External impacts of alternative energy allocation rules are simulated and criteria for evaluating these impacts are presented.
Onset of turbulence in superfluid 3He-B and its dependence on vortex injection in applied flow
Creators: name: Finne, A. P.
name: Blaauwgeers, R.
name: Boldarev, S.
name: Eltsov, V. B.
name: Kopu, J.
name: Krusius, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortex dynamics in 3He-B is divided by the temperature dependent damping into a high-temperature regime, where the number of vortices is conserved, and a low-temperature regime, where rapid vortex multiplication takes place in a turbulent burst. We investigate experimentally the hydrodynamic transition between these two regimes by injecting seed vortex loops into vortex-free rotating flow. The onset temperature of turbulence is dominated by the roughly exponential temperature dependence of vortex friction, but its exact value is found to depend on the injection method.
description: To be published in the proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Low Temperature Physics - LT24, in Conference Proceedings of the American Institute of Physics
Nonminimal supersymmetric standard model with lepton number violation
Creators: name: Chemtob, M.
name: Pandita, P. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out a detailed analysis of the nonminimal supersymmetric standard model with lepton number violation. The model contains a unique trilinear lepton number violating term in the superpotential which can give rise to neutrino masses at the tree level. We search for the gauged discrete symmetries realized by cyclic groups which preserve the structure of the associated trilinear superpotential of this model, and which satisfy the constraints of the anomaly cancellation. The implications of this trilinear lepton number violating term in the superpotential and the associated soft supersymmetry breaking term on the phenomenology of the light neutrino masses and mixing is studied in detail. We evaluate the tree and loop level contributions to the neutrino mass matrix in this model. We search for possible suppression mechanism which could explain large hierarchies and maximal mixing angles.
description: Latex file, 43 pages, 2 figures
COVID-19 Vaccine Potential Side Effects_Russian
Creators: name: Collaboratory For Health Justice
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Russian flyer about the most common side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine. Anybody with special concerns is encouraged to speak to a healthcare provider.
Information last updated on February 15, 2021.
RECENT STATE DEVELOPMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL LAW
Creators: name: Dahl, Dale C.
name: Burke, Timothy J.
name: Dahl, Dale C.
name: Burke, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This article surveys recent legislation and bills in process that deal with agricultural and food law in selected agricultural states in the United States. In addition to categorizing statutory and legislative developments, emerging issues are analyzed in terms of their background and potential for new legislation in the years ahead. Some of the law surveyed is being addressed at both federal and state levels; other legislation reflects local problem situations.
The Network of Collaboration Among Rappers and its Community Structure
Creators: name: Smith, Reginald D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The social network formed by the collaboration between rappers is studied using standard statistical techniques for analyzing complex networks. In addition, the community structure of the rap music community is analyzed using a new method that uses weighted edges to determine which connections are most important and revealing among all the communities. The results of this method as well as possible reasons for the structure of the rap music community are discussed.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, 4 tables Accepted for publication in The Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment. Minor changes in TeX style, added comments, table formatting corrected
Learning a Low-dimensional Representation of a Safe Region for Safe Reinforcement Learning on Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhehua
name: Oguz, Ozgur S.
name: Leibold, Marion
name: Buss, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: For safely applying reinforcement learning algorithms on high-dimensional nonlinear dynamical systems, a simplified system model is used to formulate a safe reinforcement learning framework. Based on the simplified system model, a low-dimensional representation of the safe region is identified and is used to provide safety estimates for learning algorithms. However, finding a satisfying simplified system model for complex dynamical systems usually requires a considerable amount of effort. To overcome this limitation, we propose in this work a general data-driven approach that is able to efficiently learn a low-dimensional representation of the safe region. Through an online adaptation method, the low-dimensional representation is updated by using the feedback data such that more accurate safety estimates are obtained. The performance of the proposed approach for identifying the low-dimensional representation of the safe region is demonstrated with a quadcopter example. The results show that, compared to previous work, a more reliable and representative low-dimensional representation of the safe region is derived, which then extends the applicability of the safe reinforcement learning framework.
The Logarithmic Triviality of Compact QED Coupled to a Four Fermi Interaction
Creators: name: Kogut, John B.
name: Strouthos, Costas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the completion of an exploratory study of Compact lattice Quantum Electrodynamics with a weak four-fermi interaction and four species of massless fermions. In this formulation of Quantum Electrodynamics massless fermions can be simulated directly and Finite Size Scaling analyses can be performed at the theory's chiral symmetry breaking critical point. High statistics simulations on lattices ranging from $8^4$ to $24^4$ yield the equation of state, critical indices, scaling functions and cumulants. The measurements are well fit with the orthodox hypothesis that the theory is logarithmically trivial and its continuum limit suffers from Landau's zero charge problem.
description: 27 pages, 15 figues and 10 tables
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETITIVE POSITION OF GREAT LAKES PORTS IN THE INTERNATIONAL STEAM COAL MARKET
Creators: name: Senf, David R.
name: Fruin, Jerry E.
name: Senf, David R.
name: Fruin, Jerry E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This report, using a linear programming model to minimize total delivered world steam coal costs, analyzes future coal trade flows. Assessing the possibility of exporting Northern Great Plains coal through the St. Lawrence via the twin ports of Duluth, Minnesota and Superior, Wisconsin is the main goal of the study. World steam coal trade flows are projected for the years 1985, 1990 and 2000 through the linear programming model. The model includes demand from 25 coal importing nations and supply from 19 coal producing regions around the world.
Stability of Pairwise Entanglement in a Decoherent Environment
Creators: name: Cai, Jian-Ming
name: Zhou, Zheng-Wei
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider the dynamics of a two-qubit entangled system in the decoherence environment, we investigate the stability of pairwise entanglement under decoherence. We find that for different decoherence models, there exist some special class of entangled states of which the pairwise entanglement is the most stable. The lifetime of the entanglement in these states is larger than other states with the same initial entanglement. In addition, we also investigate the dynamics of pairwise entanglement in the ground state of spin models such as Heisenberg and XXY models.
description: accepted by Physical Review A, references updated and minor changes
Addressing the cosmological $H_0$ tension by the Heisenberg uncertainty
Creators: name: Capozziello, Salvatore
name: Benetti, Micol
name: Spallicci, Alessandro D. A. M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The uncertainty on measurements, given by the Heisenberg principle, is a quantum concept usually not taken into account in General Relativity. From a cosmological point of view, several authors wonder how such a principle can be reconciled with the Big Bang singularity, but, generally, not whether it may affect the reliability of cosmological measurements. In this letter, we express the {Compton mass} as a function of the cosmological redshift. The cosmological application of the indetermination principle unveils the differences of the Hubble-Lemaître constant value, $H_0$, as measured from the Cepheids estimates and from the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation constraints. In conclusion, the $H_0$ tension could be related to the effect of indetermination derived in comparing a kinematic with a dynamic measurement.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Foundations of Physics
Sir Arnold Whittaker Wolfendale - Bibliography from SIR ARNOLD WHITTAKER WOLFENDALE. 25 June 1927 — 21 December 2020
Creators: name: Ellis, Richard S.
name: Watson, Alan A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: Astrophysics

description: For over 50 years Arnold Wolfendale was an international leader in the fields of cosmic ray and gamma ray astronomy, making many seminal contributions. His extensive studies of the muon particle culminated in 1965 when, using an installation in the Kolar Gold Mine in India, he played a major role in the first detection of the neutrinos associated with muons produced in the atmosphere. His interests in the origin of high-energy cosmic rays were extensive and required the development of a better understanding of particle physics at energies beyond those accessible at accelerators. Recognizing that high-energy gamma rays can arise from cosmic ray interactions with the interstellar gas, he used early satellite data to argue for the galactic origin of intermediate-energy cosmic rays and for studies of the distribution of molecular hydrogen. His interests in astronomy, which he firmly held to be a branch of physics, drove him to develop a world-class activity in this area at Durham University. This achievement, in part, led to him being appointed Astronomer Royal in 1991. He used this position, and his roles as president of the Royal Astronomical Society, the Institute of Physics and the European Physical Society, to lobby tirelessly for more governmental support for science. He was an early advocate for improvements in the public understanding of science, leading by example. In his later years Arnold's interests extended to cosmology and horology, and he argued against a possible connection between cosmic rays and global warming. A brilliant communicator, Arnold gave a huge number of lectures each year to general audiences, almost to the end of his life.
COVID-19 Vaccine Potential Side Effects_Spanish
Creators: name: Collaboratory For Health Justice
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Spanish flyer about the most common side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine. Anybody with special concerns is encouraged to speak to a healthcare provider.
Information last updated on February 15, 2021.
Tracing the minimum-energy path on the free-energy surface
Creators: name: Fleurat-Lessard, P.
name: Ziegler, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The free energy profile of a reaction can be estimated in a molecular-dynamics approach by imposing a mechanical constraint along a reaction coordinate (RC). Many recent studies have shown that the temperature can greatly influence the path followed by the reactants. Here, we propose a practical way to construct the minimum energy path directly on the free energy surface (FES) at a given temperature. First, we follow the blue-moon ensemble method to derive the expression of the free energy gradient for a given RC. These derivatives are then used to find the actual minimum energy reaction path at finite temperature, in a way similar to the Intrinsic Reaction Path of Fukui on the potential energy surface [K Fukui J. Phys. Chem. 74, 4161 (1970)]. Once the path is know, one can calculate the free energy profile using thermodynamic integration. We also show that the mass-metric correction cancels for many types of constraints, making the procedure easy to use. Finally, the minimum free energy path at 300 K for the addition of the 1,1'-dichlorocarbene to ethylene is compared with a path based on a simple one-dimensional reaction coordinate. A comparison is also given with the reaction path at 0 K.
description: Minor revisions: Citation and Equation numbers corrected. 26 pages, 6 figures, to appear in J. Chem. Phys
Modified gravity without dark matter
Creators: name: Sanders, R. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On an empirical level, the most successful alternative to dark matter in bound gravitational systems is the modified Newtonian dynamics, or MOND, proposed by Milgrom. Here I discuss the attempts to formulate MOND as a modification of General Relativity. I begin with a summary of the phenomenological successes of MOND and then discuss the various covariant theories that have been proposed as a basis for the idea. I show why these proposals have led inevitably to a multi-field theory. I describe in some detail TeVeS, the tensor-vector-scalar theory proposed by Bekenstein, and discuss its successes and shortcomings. This lecture is primarily pedagogical and directed to those with some, but not a deep, background in General Relativity
description: 28 pages, 10 figures, lecture given at Third Aegean Summer School, The Invisible Universe: Dark Matter and Dark Energy, minor errors corrected, references updated
Runaway stars masquerading as star formation in galactic outskirts
Creators: name: Andersson, Eric P.
name: Renaud, Florent
name: Agertz, Oscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the outskirts of nearby spiral galaxies, star formation is observed in extremely low gas surface densities. Star formation in these regions, where the interstellar medium is dominated by diffuse atomic hydrogen, is difficult to explain with classic star formation theories. In this letter, we introduce runaway stars as an explanation for this observation. Runaway stars, produced by collisional dynamics in young stellar clusters, can travel kiloparsecs during their main-sequence lifetime. Using galactic-scale hydrodynamic simulations including a treatment of individual stars, we demonstrate that this mechanism enables the ejection of young massive stars into environments where the gas is not dense enough to trigger star formation. This results in the appearance of star formation in regions where it ought to be impossible. We conclude that runaway stars are a contributing, if not dominant, factor to the observations of star formation in the outskirts of spiral galaxies.
description: Published in MNRAS
New Photon Propagators in Quantum Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Esposito, Giampiero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Lagrangian for quantum electrodynamics is found which makes it explicit that the photon mass is eventually set to zero in the physical part on observational ground. It remains possible to obtain a counterterm Lagrangian where the only non-gauge-invariant term is proportional to the squared divergence of the potential, while the photon propagator in momentum space falls off like the inverse squared power of k at large k, which indeed agrees with perturbative renormalizability. The resulting radiative corrections to the Coulomb potential in QED are also shown to be gauge-independent. A fundamental role of the space of four-vectors with components given by four-by-four matrices is therefore suggested by our scheme, where such matrices can be used to define a single gauge-fixing function in the functional integral.
description: Talk given at Third International Sakharov Conference on Physics, Moscow, Russia, 24-29 June 2002
RESOURCE EXPLOITATION, BIODIVERSITY AND ECOLOGICAL EVENTS
Creators: name: Tsur, Yacov
name: Zemel, Amos
name: Tsur, Yacov
name: Zemel, Amos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: ecosystem
subject: resource management
subject: event uncertainty
subject: biodiversity
subject: extinction

description: We study the management of a natural resource that supports ecosystems as well as human needs. The reduction in the resource base poses a threat of occurrence of catastrophic ecological events, such as the sudden collapse of the natural habitat, that lead to severe loss of biodiversity. The event occurrence conditions involve uncertainty of various types, and the distinction among these types affects the optimal exploitation policies. When uncertainty is due to our ignorance of some aspects of the underlying ecology, the isolated equilibrium states characterizing optimal exploitation for many renewable resource problems become equilibrium intervals, giving rise to hysteresis phenomena. Events triggered by genuinely stochastic environmental conditions maintain the structure of isolated equilibria, but the presence of event uncertainty shifts these equilibrium states relative to their position under certainty.
COVID-19 Vaccine Potential Side Effects_English
Creators: name: Collaboratory For Health Justice
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: English flyer about the most common side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine. Anybody with special concerns is encouraged to speak to a healthcare provider.
Information last updated on February 15, 2021.
A study of the warring states graphs : structural discrepancies between the Chu area and the Qin state
Creators: name: Nagakura, Yukiko
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Chinese graphical forms of the Warring States period have traditionally been characterized as varying by region. This thesis investigates discrepancies observable in the scripts of the Warring States Chu and Qin regions, as extant in inscriptions and epigraphy on a variety of media. With the postulate that the Warring States graphical forms were part of a continuous evolution of guwen from the Shang period to the Script Reform that followed the Qin Unification, these discrepancies are treated as the accumulations of a common diachronic process. To define this process, the two-step formation of semanto-phonetic graphs is adopted as jiajie augmented with semantic determiners, and evolutionary modifications tending to induce graphical divergence are classified for simple and multi-element graphs, based on the work of Boodberg, Boltz, Chen, Qiu, He, Gao and others. A table of graphs is constructed to allow for diachronic evaluation of the process of formation and evolutionary modification, and for synchronic comparison of Chu and Qin forms, using the Baoshan bamboo slips as the primary source, supplemented with material from the Shuihudi bamboo slips, the antecedent Shang oracle bones and Western Zhou bronzes, and other sources. Discrepancies observable in simple and multi-element graphs are discussed in detail, placed in the appropriate category of formation or evolutionary modification, and, if possible, assigned the period of genesis (Shang, Western Zhou, or Warring States). The 12,472 total Baoshan bamboo-slip graphs are placed into the 1,473 entries in this table. 154 cases of discrepancies are discussed, of which the genesis of 33 can be dated, with 7 originating in the Warring States period and 26 in the Shang and Western Zhou periods. A high degree o f homogeneity in the Chu and Qin Warring States script is thus confirmed. Notwithstanding that the scarcity of source material precludes definite conclusions, it is suggested as a possibility for further study that graphical discrepancies were not at all a feature of the Warring States period exclusively, but should be traced to earlier times as accumulating throughout entire period when guwen were used.
Field theories for stochastic processes
Creators: name: Walter, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: This thesis is a collection of collaborative research work which uses field-theoretic techniques to approach three different areas of stochastic dynamics: Branching Processes, First-passage times of processes with are subject to both white and coloured noise, and numerical and analytical aspects of first-passage times in fractional Brownian Motion. Chapter 1 (joint work with Rosalba Garcia Millan, Johannes Pausch, and Gunnar Pruessner, appeared in Phys. Rev. E 98 (6):062107) contains an analysis of non-spatial branching processes with arbitrary offspring distribution. Here our focus lies on the statistics of the number of particles in the system at any given time. We calculate a host of observables using Doi-Peliti field theory and find that close to criticality these observables no longer depend on the details of the offspring distribution, and are thus universal. In Chapter 2 (joint work with Ignacio Bordeu, Saoirse Amarteifio, Rosalba Garcia Millan, Nanxin Wei, and Gunnar Pruessner, appeared in Sci. Rep. 9:15590) we study the number of sites visited by a branching random walk on general graphs. To do so, we introduce a fieldtheoretic tracing mechanism which keeps track of all already visited sites. We find the scaling laws of the moments of the distribution near the critical point. Chapter 3 (joint work with Gunnar Pruessner and Guillaume Salbreux, submitted, arXiv: 2006.00116) provides an analysis of the first-passage time problem for stochastic processes subject to white and coloured noise. By way of a perturbation theory, I give a systematic and controlled expansion of the moment generating function of first-passage times. In Chapter 4, we revise the tracing mechanism found earlier and use it to characterise three different extreme values, first-passage times, running maxima, and mean volume explored. By formulating these in field-theoretic language, we are able to derive new results for a class of non-Markovian stochastic processes. Chapter 5 and 6 are concerned with the first-passage time distribution of fractional Brownian Motion. Chapter 5 (joint work with Kay Wiese, appeared in Phys. Rev. E 101 (4):043312) introduces a new algorithm to sample them efficiently. Chapter 6 (joint work with Maxence Arutkin and Kay Wiese, submitted, arXiv:1908.10801) gives a field-theoretically obtained perturbative result of the first-passage time distribution in the presence of linear and non-linear drift.
Botschaft der vierten Vollversammlung des ökumenischen Rates der Kirchen
Creators: name: Krüger, Hanfried
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 18 Nr. 1 (1969): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 18, Heft 1
Who can get vaccinated for COVID-19_Spanish
Creators: name: Collaboratory For Health Justice
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Quick information in Spanish on who should consider getting the Moderna and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccines based on their age and health history. Specific questions should be addressed to healthcare providers.
Information last updated February 15, 2021.
Who can get vaccinated for COVID-19_Russian
Creators: name: Collaboratory For Health Justice
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Quick information in Russian on who should consider getting the Moderna and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccines based on their age and health history. Specific questions should be addressed to healthcare providers.
Information last updated February 15, 2021.
Federal Entomology: Beginnings and Organizational Entities in the United States Department of Agriculture, 1854-2006, with Selected Research Highlights
Creators: name: Henneberry, T. J.
name: Henneberry, T. J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Agricultural Research Service
subject: Agricultural Research Administration
subject: Bureau
subject: Department of Agriculture
subject: Department of the Interior
subject: Entomology

description: Entomology has played an important role in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) since 1862 and prior to that in the Agricultural Division of the U.S. Patent Office beginning in 1854. The science has had organizational status at various levels in the USDA hierarchy. Since its inception it has grown in stature and numbers in research, regulatory, and pest management functions in USDA and has been extended into other branches of government. The first Federal entomologist received his appointment in 1854 as an expert in assembling statistics and other information on seeds, fruits, and insects in the United States. This text presents some of the history of the growth, impact, broadening of responsibility, and implementation of entomology in U.S. organizations and its expansion into research, education, extension, and regulatory functions.
A Complete Sample of Megaparsec Size Double Radio Sources from SUMSS
Creators: name: Saripalli, L.
name: Hunstead, R. W.
name: Subrahmanyan, R.
name: Boyce, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a complete sample of megaparsec-size double radio sources compiled from the Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS). Almost complete redshift information has been obtained for the sample. The sample has the following defining criteria: Galactic latitude |b| > 12.5 deg, declination < -50 deg and angular size > 5 arcmin. All the sources have projected linear size larger than 0.7 Mpc (assuming H_o = 71 km/s/Mpc). The sample is chosen from a region of the sky covering 2100 square degrees. In this paper, we present 843-MHz radio images of the extended radio morphologies made using the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST), higher resolution radio observations of any compact radio structures using the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), and low resolution optical spectra of the host galaxies from the 2.3-m Australian National University (ANU) telescope at Siding Spring Observatory. The sample presented here is the first in the southern hemisphere and significantly enhances the database of known giant radio sources. The giant radio sources with linear size exceeding 0.7 Mpc have an abundance of (215 Mpc)^(-3) at the sensitivity of the survey. In the low redshift universe, the survey may be suggesting the possibility that giant radio sources with relict lobes are more numerous than giant sources in which beams from the centre currently energize the lobes.
description: 67 pages, 29 figures, for full resolution figures see http://www.astrop.physics.usyd.edu.au/SUMSS/PAPERS/Submit-May11-ms.pdf
Sediment descriptions and geochemical analyses of radiocarbon-dated deposits from the vicinity of Göbekli Tepe—A dataset
Creators: name: Nykamp, Moritz
name: Knitter, Daniel
name: Schütt, Brigitta
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sediment sequences
subject: Depositional architecture
subject: Geochemical bulk parameters
subject: Facies interpretation
subject: Late Holocene geomorphodynamics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: This dataset comprises the detailed descriptions and laboratory measurements of sediment profiles from the semi-arid environs of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic site Göbekli Tepe in southeastern Turkey—one of the oldest monumental structures of humankind dating to c. 11.5–10 ka BP. Focus of the descriptions are the architectural elements of the deposits allowing to conduct facies interpretations and the reconstruction of different depositional environments. This is supported by bulk geochemical sediment analyses (pH, electrical conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, and loss on ignition) and the determination of total and inorganic carbon contents and chemical element concentrations. The Late Holocene chronology is based on radiocarbon dating of charcoal pieces and bulk samples containing organic matter from buried organic-rich topsoil horizons and soil sediments. Lithic artifacts from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic provide additional age estimates. Nykamp et al. [1] provide the synthesis that is based on the presented datasets.This dataset comprises the detailed descriptions and laboratory measurements of sediment profiles from the semi-arid environs of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic site Göbekli Tepe in southeastern Turkey—one of the oldest monumental structures of humankind dating to c. 11.5–10 ka BP. Focus of the descriptions are the architectural elements of the deposits allowing to conduct facies interpretations and the reconstruction of different depositional environments. This is supported by bulk geochemical sediment analyses (pH, electrical conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, and loss on ignition) and the determination of total and inorganic carbon contents and chemical element concentrations. The Late Holocene chronology is based on radiocarbon dating of charcoal pieces and bulk samples containing organic matter from buried organic-rich topsoil horizons and soil sediments. Lithic artifacts from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic provide additional age estimates. Nykamp et al. [1] provide the synthesis that is based on the presented datasets.
Persistence properties of a Camassa-Holm type equation with $(n+1)-$order non-linearities
Creators: name: Freire, Igor Leite
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A01, 74G25, 37K40, 35Q51

description: Lower order conservation laws and symmetries of a family of hyperbolic equations having the Camassa-Holm equation as a particular member are obtained. We show that the equation has two conservation laws with zeroth order characteristics and that its symmetries are generated by translations in the independent variables and a certain scaling, as well as some invariant solutions are studied. Next, we consider persistence and asymptotic properties for the solutions of the equation considered. In particular, we analyse the behaviour of the solutions of the equation for large values of the spatial variable. We show that if the initial data has a certain asymptotic exponential decaying, then such property persists for any time as long as the solution exists. Moreover, depending on the behaviour of the initial data for large values of the spatial variable and if for some further time the solution shares the same behaviour, then it necessarily vanishes identically. Finally, we prove unique continuation results for the solutions of the equation.
description: This version corresponds to an earlier version of the published paper (please, see the information about publication)
Influence of pore-scale disorder on viscous fingering during drainage
Creators: name: Toussaint, Renaud
name: Løvoll, Grunde
name: Méheust, Yves
name: Måløy, Knut Jørgen
name: Schmittbuhl, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study viscous fingering during drainage experiments in linear Hele-Shaw cells filled with a random porous medium. The central zone of the cell is found to be statistically more occupied than the average, and to have a lateral width of 40% of the system width, irrespectively of the capillary number $Ca$. A crossover length $w_f \propto Ca^{-1}$ separates lower scales where the invader's fractal dimension $D\simeq1.83$ is identical to capillary fingering, and larger scales where the dimension is found to be $D\simeq1.53$. The lateral width and the large scale dimension are lower than the results for Diffusion Limited Aggregation, but can be explained in terms of Dielectric Breakdown Model. Indeed, we show that when averaging over the quenched disorder in capillary thresholds, an effective law $v\propto (\nabla P)^2$ relates the average interface growth rate and the local pressure gradient.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys Rev Letters
Commuting multiparty quantum observables and local compatibility
Creators: name: Altafini, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A formula for the commutator of tensor product matrices is used to shows that, for qubits, compatibility of quantum multiparty observables almost never implies local compatibility at each site and to predict when this happens/does not happen in a concise manner. In particular, it is shown that two ``fully nontrivial'' $n$-qubit observables are compatible locally and globally if and only if they are equal up to sign. In addition, the formula gives insight into the construction of new paradoxes of the type of the Kochen-Specker Theorem, which can then be easily rephrased into proposals for new no hidden variable experiments of the type of the ``Bell Theorem without inequalities''.
description: 6 pages
Who can get vaccinated for COVID-19_Polish
Creators: name: Collaboratory For Health Justice
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Quick information in Polish on who should consider getting the Moderna and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccines based on their age and health history. Specific questions should be addressed to healthcare providers.
Information last updated February 15, 2021.
Linguistic Features for Readability Assessment
Creators: name: Deutsch, Tovly
name: Jasbi, Masoud
name: Shieber, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Readability assessment aims to automatically classify text by the level appropriate for learning readers. Traditional approaches to this task utilize a variety of linguistically motivated features paired with simple machine learning models. More recent methods have improved performance by discarding these features and utilizing deep learning models. However, it is unknown whether augmenting deep learning models with linguistically motivated features would improve performance further. This paper combines these two approaches with the goal of improving overall model performance and addressing this question. Evaluating on two large readability corpora, we find that, given sufficient training data, augmenting deep learning models with linguistically motivated features does not improve state-of-the-art performance. Our results provide preliminary evidence for the hypothesis that the state-of-the-art deep learning models represent linguistic features of the text related to readability. Future research on the nature of representations formed in these models can shed light on the learned features and their relations to linguistically motivated ones hypothesized in traditional approaches.
description: To be published in ACL BEA workshop (15th Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications)
Spin-detection in a quantum electromechanical shuttle system
Creators: name: Twamley, J.
name: Utami, D. W.
name: Goan, H. -S.
name: Milburn, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electrical transport of a harmonically-bound, single-molecule endohedral fullerene shuttle operating in the Coulomb blockade regime, i.e. single electron shuttling. In particular we examine the dependance of the tunnel current on an ultra-small stationary force exerted on the shuttle. We derive a quantum master equation for the full shuttle system which includes the metallic contacts, the spatially dependent tunnel couplings to the shuttle, the electronic and motional degrees of freedom of the shuttle itself and a coupling of the shuttle's motion to a phonon bath. We analyse the resulting quantum master equation and find that, due to the exponential dependance of the tunnel probability on the shuttle-contact separation, the current is highly sensitive to very small forces. In particular we predict that the spin state of the endohedral electrons of the endohedral fullerene in a large magnetic gradient field can be distinguished from the resulting current signals within a few tens of nanoseconds. This effect could prove useful for the detection of the endohedral spin-state of individual paramagnetic molecules such as N@C60 and P@C60, or the detection of very small static forces acting on a molecular shuttle.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures
Two theorems for the gradient expansion of relativistic hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Diles, Saulo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This letter is dedicated to providing proof of two statements concerning the gradient expansion of relativistic hydrodynamics. The first statement is that \textit{the ordering of transverse derivatives is irrelevant in the gradient expansion of a non-conformal fluid}. The second statement is that \textit{the longitudinal projection of the Weyl covariant derivative can be eliminated in the gradient expansion of a conformal fluid}. This second statement does not apply to curvature tensors. In the conformal case, we know that the ordering of Weyl covariant derivatives is irrelevant in the gradient expansion.
description: 6 pages; Published in Physics Letters B
AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AND PRODUCTIVITY IN THE FORMER SOVIET REPUBLIC
Creators: name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Kislev, Yoav
name: Kriss, Alon
name: Biton, David
name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Kislev, Yoav
name: Kriss, Alon
name: Biton, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: International Development
Productivity Analysis

description: The paper reviews agricultural development in the fifteen former Soviet republics over the period 1965-1997. Production functions are estimated and productivity differences and changes calculated. Large differences were found in terms of productivity and growth between the republics. The differences grew after 1990 reflecting variation in reform policies.
Zipf Law for Brazilian Cities
Creators: name: Moura, Newton J.
name: Ribeiro, Marcelo B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work studies the Zipf Law for cities in Brazil. Data from censuses of 1970, 1980, 1991 and 2000 were used to select a sample containing only cities with 30,000 inhabitants or more. The results show that the population distribution in Brazilian cities does follow a power law similar to the ones found in other countries. Estimates of the power law exponent were found to be 2.22 +/- 0.34 for the 1970 and 1980 censuses, and 2.26 +/- 0.11 for censuses of 1991 and 2000. More accurate results were obtained with the maximum likelihood estimator, showing an exponent equal to 2.41 for 1970 and 2.36 for the other three years.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, Elsevier LaTeX, accepted for publication in "Physica A". Correction of minor mistyping (eq. 8)
Spin fluctuations and weak pseudogap behaviors in Na_{0.35}CoO_2:renomarization of band structure
Creators: name: Yada, Keiji
name: Kontani, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the normal electronic states of Na$_{0.35}$CoO$_2$ based on the multi-orbital Hubbard model using the FLEX approximation. The fundamental electronic property of this system is drastically changed by the presence or absence of the small hole pockets associated with the $e_g'$ orbital. This change of the Fermi surface topology may be caused by the crystalline electric splitting due to the trigonal distortion. When small hole pockets are absent, the weak pseudogap bahaviors appear in the density of states and the uniform spin susceptibility, which are observed by recent experiments. We estimate the mass enhancement factor of quasiparticle $m^*/m\simeq 1.5\sim 1.8$. This result suppports recent ARPES measurements.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures, submitted to proceedings of LT24, Orlando, FL, August 2005; added reference
Implementing liquid lubrication in micro-electro-mechanical systems
Creators: name: Wang, Peng
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Even though there are many types of micro-electro-mechanical devices (MEMS), few commercialized MEMS devices can achieve functions requiring rotation. This is a result of a lack of methods providing efficient lubrication for the micro sliding contacts. Liquid hydrodynamic bearings which are commonly used in the macro sliding contacts could still be efficient in micro sliding contacts if appropriate bearing design and lubricants are applied. This thesis reports on the research focused on miniaturizing liquid hydrodynamic bearings thereby improving the performance of the micro sliding contacts in MEMS devices. A finite volume model considering mass-conservation and cavitation has been developed to investigate the performance of the micro pocketed parallel thrust bearings. Simulation results show that the micro thrust bearing performance is largely affected by cavitation. It also shows that micro pocketed parallel thrust bearings with appropriate pocket shapes can generate sufficient load support and operate in the low friction coefficient full-film lubrication regime when low viscosity lubricant is supplied (e.g. hexadecane). Micro fabrication process has been developed to manufacture the micro pocketed parallel thrust bearings. The manufactured micro bearings have been examined both on a MEMS tribometer and on a prototype micro energy harvesting turbine. Test results show that low friction coefficient, torque and power loss can be achieved in a wide rotational speed range from the micro bearings with proper design and lubricated by low viscosity and low surface tension liquid (e.g. hexadecane). Effects of friction modifiers and partial surface textures on the micro liquid hydrodynamic bearings performance have also been investigated. Results indicate that both methods are still efficient in friction reduction. As a conclusion, miniaturized liquid hydrodynamic bearings with appropriate bearing design and lubricants are efficient to achieve low friction coefficient and wear rate for the micro sliding contacts in a wide rotational speed range.
Size segregation in granular media induced by phase transition
Creators: name: Tarzia, M.
name: Fierro, A.
name: Nicodemi, M.
name: Ciamarra, M. Pica
name: Coniglio, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study analytically the nature of the size segregation in granular mixtures, we introduce a mean field theory in the framework of a statistical mechanics approach, based on Edwards' original ideas. For simplicity we apply the theory to a lattice model for hard sphere binary mixture under gravity, and we find a new purely thermodynamic mechanism which gives rise to the size segregation phenomenon. By varying the number of small grains and the mass ratio, we find a crossover from Brasil nut to reverse Brasil nut effect, which becomes a true phase transition when the number of small grains is larger then a critical value. We suggest that this transition is induced by the effective attraction between large grains due to the presence of small ones (depletion force). Finally the theoretical results are confirmed by numerical simulations of the 3d system under taps.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett