cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reforming Competitive Electricity Markets to Meet Environmental Targets
Creators: name: Newbery, David
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Electricity market reform
environment
low-carbon generation

description: The UK and other EU countries are concerned to deliver secure, sustainable and affordable electricity, to meet challenging targets for decarbonisation and renewable energy. The UK Government has consulted and concluded that the present electricity market arrangements will not deliver all three goals, and has proposed a major Electricity Market Reform (EMR). This article describes the reasons for, and the nature of, the EMR, pointing to the need for further market and institutional reforms.
Cosmological Constant from the Entropy Balance Condition
Creators: name: Gogberashvili, Merab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the action formalism variations of metric tensors usually are limited by the Hubble horizon. Contrary, variations of quantum fields should be extended up to the event horizon, which is the real boundary of the spacetime. As the result the entanglement energy of quantum particles across the apparent horizon is missed in the cosmological equations written for the Hubble volume. We identify this missing boundary term with the dark energy density and express it (using the null energy assumption for the finite universe) as the critical density multiplied by the ratio of the Hubble and event horizons radii.
description: 8 pages, no figures
A Real-Space Renormalization Group for Random Surfaces
Creators: name: Thorleifsson, G.
name: Catterall, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new real-space renormalization group transformation for dynamical triangulations. It is shown to preserve geometrical exponents such as the string susceptibility and Hausdorff dimension. We furthermore show evidence for a fixed point structure both in pure gravity and gravity coupled to a critical Ising system. In the latter case we are able to extract estimates for the gravitationally dressed exponents which agree to within 2-3% of the KPZ formula.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Adaptive O-CNN: A Patch-based Deep Representation of 3D Shapes
Creators: name: Wang, Peng-Shuai
name: Sun, Chun-Yu
name: Liu, Yang
name: Tong, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an Adaptive Octree-based Convolutional Neural Network (Adaptive O-CNN) for efficient 3D shape encoding and decoding. Different from volumetric-based or octree-based CNN methods that represent a 3D shape with voxels in the same resolution, our method represents a 3D shape adaptively with octants at different levels and models the 3D shape within each octant with a planar patch. Based on this adaptive patch-based representation, we propose an Adaptive O-CNN encoder and decoder for encoding and decoding 3D shapes. The Adaptive O-CNN encoder takes the planar patch normal and displacement as input and performs 3D convolutions only at the octants at each level, while the Adaptive O-CNN decoder infers the shape occupancy and subdivision status of octants at each level and estimates the best plane normal and displacement for each leaf octant. As a general framework for 3D shape analysis and generation, the Adaptive O-CNN not only reduces the memory and computational cost, but also offers better shape generation capability than the existing 3D-CNN approaches. We validate Adaptive O-CNN in terms of efficiency and effectiveness on different shape analysis and generation tasks, including shape classification, 3D autoencoding, shape prediction from a single image, and shape completion for noisy and incomplete point clouds.
Odderon and photon exchange in pseudoscalar meson production
Creators: name: Berger, E. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider exclusive $π^0$ production in ep-scattering. At high energies odderon and photon exchange contribute. The photon exchange contribution is evaluated exactly using data for the total virtual photon-proton absorption cross section. The odderon exchange contribution is calculated in nonperturbative QCD, using functional integral techniques and the model of the stochastic vacuum. For the proton we assume a quark-diquark structure as suggested by the small odderon amplitude in pp and $p \bar{p}$ forward scattering. We show that odderon exchange leads to a much larger inelastic than elastic $π^0$ production cross section. Observing our process at HERA would establish the soft odderon.
description: Talk given at DIS99, Berlin-Zeuthen, Germany, 19-23 April 99
Lessons from the History of Independent System Operators in the Energy Sector, with applications to the Water Sector
Creators: name: Pollitt, M. J.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: independent system operator
electricity transmission
gas transmission
water supply

description: This paper examines the lessons from independent transmission system operators in energy in the context of the potential introduction of an independent system operator in the water sector. A key lesson from the energy sector is that there is a basic choice between having an independent system operator (ISO) and an independent transmission system operator (ITSO) covering two or more existing company areas. ISOs do not own any wires or pipes, ITSOs do own wires or pipes. We begin by examining the nature of system operation arrangements in different countries, focussing on different ways that non-discriminatory access to monopoly transmission assets can be facilitated. We go on to discuss the particular functions of the ISO, focussing on the US, with regard to controlling the system and operating the power markets. We also detail the costs of system operation. Next, we focus on incentive issues and the governance of ISOs around the world. We outline an ideal model for an electricity system operator and examine the extent to which systems in the US and UK conform to the ideal. We also explore the issue of pricing access to the system and how system operation costs are paid for. Then, we look at the evolving role of system operators and how they might be evaluated. Finally we apply the learning from system operation in energy across to the UK water sector and offer some interim conclusions.
Untersuchungen über zwei neuere Erdbeben, das schweizerische vom 7. Januar 1889 und das nord-amerikanische vom 31. August 1886 [Bd. 46, 1890]
Creators: name: Schmidt, August
Publisher: name: - NO PUBLISHER DEFINED -
Year: 1994

description: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
description: Bd. 149, 1994
Global strong solutions for some differential viscoelastic models
Creators: name: Chupin, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The purpose of this article is to show that there are many differential viscoelastic models for which the global existence of a regular solution is possible. Although the problem of global existence in the classic Oldroyd model is still open, we show that by adding a non-linear contribution (proposed by R.G. Larson in 1984), it is possible to obtain more regular and global solutions, regardless of the size of the data (in the two-dimensional and periodic case). Similarly, more complex appearance models such as those related to "pom-pom" polymers are interesting and mathematically richer: some "natural" bounds on the stress make it possible to obtain global results. On the other hand, in the last part, we show that other models clearly do not seem to fit into this framework, and do not even seem to have a global solution in time. These kinds of results allow to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of such or such viscoelastic fluid models. They can thus help rheologists and numericists to make choices with new arguments.
Economies of Scale and Scope in Network Industries: Lessons for the UK water and sewerage sectors
Creators: name: Pollitt, M. J.
name: Steer, S. J.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Economies of scale and scope
vertical separation
water and sewerage

description: Many studies of the water and sewerage industries place significant importance on the benefits of economies of scale and scope and how these relate to vertically integrated firms. We have re-examined the early literature on scale and scope economies and find that these studies do not implicitly preclude non-integrated firms from fully utilising assets for multi-product activities; they can still reap scope economies through trading in the open market. Further, we demonstrate difficulties in separating these two types of economies when assessing firm performance. Trade-offs between governance and production costs are a key issue in determining the value of vertically integrated firms that may undergo divestiture. We discuss the present policy debate regarding the optimal structure of the water and sewerage markets in England and Wales in the light of this, and recommend avenues of research that will help determine the optimal policy.
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1332
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1332, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1332, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Analysing the efficiency of partially entangled states in Vaidman's-type games and its applications in Quantum Secret Sharing
Creators: name: Kaur, Hargeet
name: Kumar, Atul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the role of degree of entanglement for Vaidman's game in a setting where the players share a set of partially entangled three-qubit states. Our results show that the entangled states combined with quantum strategies may not be always helpful in winning a game as opposed to the classical strategies. We further find the conditions under which quantum strategies are always helpful in achieving higher winning probability in the game in comparison to classical strategies. Moreover, we show that a special class of W states can always be used to win the game using quantum strategies irrespective of the degree of entanglement between the three qubits. Our analysis also helps us in comparing the Vaidman's game with the secret sharing protocol. Furthermore, we propose a new Vaidman-type game where the rule maker itself is entangled with the other two players and acts as a facilitator to share a secret key with the two players. For practical purposes, the analysis is extended to study the proposed game under noisy conditions. In addition, the results obtained here are also generalized for multi-qubit games.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1807.05262
Improved Layout for a Fowl Processing Plant
Creators: name: Goble, Jesse W.
name: Goble, Jesse W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1973
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Labor and Human Capital
Livestock Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpts from the report: To show how the layout and operating efficiency of a specialized fowl processing plant can be improved, a plant was studied that failed to meet requirements of the Wholesome Poultry Products Act. Changes necessary to meet facility requirements under the Act and the cost of making the changes were determined. Consideration was also given to increasing the efficiency of the operation. The existing layout and operating procedures are described in this report and the reasons given for concluding that the plant should he abandoned. A new plant is recommended as a replacement, along with a proposed layout and operating procedures. The principles of layout used in the study are also applicable to improving specialized broiler plants that process fowl as a secondary product.
title: Untangling Fear of Crime: A Multi-Theoretical Approach to Examining the Causes of Crime-Specific Fear
Creators: name: Alper, Mariel
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2010

description: Fear of crime has been a major research topic over the past several decades. However, multiple explanations have been proposed and no clear theoretical model exists. Building on existing research, this study attempts to build a crime type-specific theoretical model of fear. In particular, the predictive power of three theoretical models is explored. This study addresses several methodological shortcomings by measuring offense type-specific, emotionally-based fear of violent and property crime. The results suggest that the predictors of each type of fear vary, and some theoretical models are a better explanation of one type of fear than the other. Overall, the models are a better fit with fear of violent crime than fear of property crime. The vulnerability model is more strongly related to fear of property crime, while the social integration model is more strongly related to fear of violent crime. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Treatment of the $Δ$ current in electromagnetic two-nucleon knockout reactions
Creators: name: Giusti, C.
name: Pacati, F. D.
name: Arenhoevel, H.
name: Wilhelm, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contribution of the $Δ$(1232) isobar to the electromagnetic current of the two-nucleon system and its role in ($γ$,NN) processes is investigated. The difference between the genuine $Δ$-excitation current and that part of the current connected to the deexcitation of a preformed $Δ$ in the target nucleus is stressed. The latter cannot lead to a resonant behaviour of matrix elements for energies in the $Δ$ region. The reaction $^{16}O(γ,pp)^{14}C$, where the $Δ$ contribution is dominant at intermediate energies, is considered. The large variations found in the cross sections for different treatments stress the need for a proper treatment of the $Δ$ current for a clear understanding of the reaction mechanism of two-nucleon emission processes.
description: 15 pages revtex including 3 postscript figures
The baryon loading effect on relativistic astrophysical jet transport in the interstellar medium
Creators: name: Yao, W. P.
name: Qiao, B.
name: Xu, Z.
name: Zhang, H.
name: Zhao, Z. H.
name: Chang, H. X.
name: Zhou, C. T.
name: Zhu, S. P.
name: He, X. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The composition of the astrophysical relativistic jets remains uncertain. By kinetic particle-in-cell simulations, we show that the baryon component in the jet, or the so-called baryon loading effect (BLE), heavily affects relativistic jets transport dynamics in the interstellar medium. On the one hand, with the BLE, relativistic jets can transport in a much longer distance, because jet electrons draw a significant amount of energy from jet baryons via the Buneman-induced electrostatic waves and the Weibel-mediated collisionless shock; on the other hand, the jet electron phase space distribution may transform from a bottom-wide-single-peak structure to a center-wide-multiple-peak one by increasing the BLE, which largely influences the observed jet morphology. Implications for related astrophysical studies are also discussed.
CRI iAtlas: an interactive portal for immuno-oncology research
Creators: name: Eddy, James
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 60114 Systems Biology

description: CRI iAtlas poster presentation for Rocky Bioinformatics conference, December 2018.
Conceptualizing Energy Security
Creators: name: Winzer, C.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Energy Security
Security of Supply
Measurement
Definition
Concept

description: Energy security is one of the main targets of energy policy. However, the term has not been clearly defined, which makes it hard to measure and difficult to balance against other policy objectives. We review the multitude of definitions of energy security. They can be characterized according to the sources of risk, the scope of the impacts, and the severity filters in the form of the speed, size, sustention, spread, singularity and sureness of impacts. Using a stylized case study for three European countries, we illustrate how the selection of conceptual boundaries along these dimensions determines the outcome. This can be avoided by more clearly separating between security of supply and other policy objectives. This leads us to the definition of energy security as the continuity of energy supplies relative to demand. If security is defined from the perspective of private utilities, end consumers or public servants, the concept could further be reduced to the continuity of specific commodity or service supplies, or the impact of supply discontinuities on the continuity of the economy.
description: Literature Review
Pionic Fluctuations of Constituent Quarks
Creators: name: Glozman, L. Ya.
name: Riska, D. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pion loop fluctuations of the constituent u and d quarks are shown to give only a minute contribution to the intrinsic charge radius of the neutron, under the assumption that the pion-quark coupling constant has its conventional value, with a cut-off scale of the order of 1.0 GeV. The contribution from the pion loops to the anomalous magnetic moment of the neutron represents a small ($\sim$ 12-14%) increase over of the static quark model value.
description: Typos corrected, minor revisions
Transport of relativistic jet in the magnetized intergalactic medium
Creators: name: Yao, W. P.
name: Qiao, B.
name: Xu, Z.
name: Zhang, H.
name: Zhao, Z. H.
name: Chang, H. X.
name: Zhou, C. T.
name: Zhu, S. P.
name: He, X. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinetic effects of magnetic fields on the transport of relativistic jet in the intergalactic medium remain uncertain, especially for their perpendicular component. By particle-in-cell simulations, we find that when only jet electrons are fully magnetized, they are directly deflected by the magnetic field, but jet protons are mainly dragged by collective charge-separation electric field. However, when both electrons and protons are fully magnetized, the contrary is the case. Their balance tremendously distorts the jet density and electromagnetic fields, leading to enormous energy exchange between different species and fields. As a result, the electron spectrum energy distribution (SED) gets reshaped and the power law slope of the SED decreases as the magnetic field strength increases. In other words, we may infer that magnetic fields around the relativistic jet play a crucial role in shaping the observed SED.
China’s Emergence in the World Economy and Business Cycles in Latin America
Creators: name: Cesa-Bianchi, A.
name: Pesaran, M. H.
name: Rebucci, A.
name: Xu, T.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: China
GVAR
Great Recession
Emerging Markets
International Business Cycle
Trade linkages

description: The international business cycle is very important for Latin America's economic performance as the recent global crisis vividly illustrated. This paper investigates how changes in trade linkages between China, Latin America, and the rest of the world have altered the transmission mechanism of international business cycles to Latin America. Evidence based on a Global Vector Autoregressive (GVAR) model for 5 large Latin American economies and all major advanced and emerging economies of the world shows that the long-term impact of a China GDP shock on the typical Latin American economy has increased by three times since mid-1990s. At the same time, the long-term impact of a US GDP shock has halved, while the transmission of shocks to Latin America and the rest of emerging Asia (excluding China and India) GDP has not undergone any significant change. Contrary to common wisdom, we find that these changes owe more to the changed impact of China on Latin America's traditional and largest trading partners than to increased direct bilateral trade linkages boosted by the decade-long commodity price boom. These findings help to explain why Latin America did so well during the global crisis, but point to the risks associated with a deceleration in China's economic growth in the future for both Latin America and the rest of the world economy. The evidence reported also suggests that the emergence of China as an important source of world growth might be the driver of the so called "decoupling" of emerging markets business cycle from that of advanced economies reported in the existing literature.
description: Latin America
Levels of chromospheric and coronal activity in Sun-like stars and various types of dynamo waves
Creators: name: Bruevich, E. A.
name: Katsova, M. M.
name: Sokolov, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the X-ray emission and chromospheric activity of Sun-like stars of F, G and K spectral classes (late-type stars) studied in the framework of the HK project. More powerful coronas are possessed by stars displaying irregular variations of their chromospheric emission, while stars with regular cyclic activity are characterized by comparatively modest X-ray luminosities and ratios of the X-ray to bolometric luminosity. This indicates that the nature of processes associated with magnetic-field amplification on the convective envelope changes appreciably in the transition from small to large dynamo numbers, directly affecting the character of the alpha-Omega dynamo. Due to the strong dependence of both the dynamo number and the Rossby number on the speed of axial rotation, earlier correlations found between various activity parameters and the Rossby number are consistent with our conclusion. Our analysis makes it possible to draw the first firm conclusions about the place of solar activity among analogous processes developing in active late-type stars.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
2010 EPRG Public Opinion Survey: Policy Preferences and Energy Saving Measures
Creators: name: Platchkov, L.
name: Pollitt, M. G.
name: Reiner, D.
name: Shaorshadze, I.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Public opinion survey
Electricity policy
Smart meters
Smart appliances
Community energy
Supplier switching
Energy efficiency

description: This paper presents results of the 2010 Electricity Policy Research Group (EPRG) public opinion survey. The survey examines the energy policy preferences and attitudes of the British public, the potential for consumer engagement and consumer acceptance of various energy demand response activities. Wherever possible, comparisons were made to EPRG public opinion surveys from 2006 and 2008. Since the global financial crisis of 2008, energy and environmental concerns have decreased in priority, and respondents are more sceptical about government interventions in electricity markets. The share of individuals reporting that they are experiencing serious hardship due to energy prices has gone down from the 2008 level. While roughly half of the respondents would agree to have detailed metered consumption information recorded by their energy providers, they are even more wary about making data available to other entities. Local ownership is a potential motivating factor for public support for local small-scale energy plants. Energy efficiency measures had higher uptake than in previous years, but the widespread measures are typically cheaper and easiest to implement. There is scope for shifting discretionary electricity load to off-peak hours through both Time-of-Use tariffs and smart appliances that require limited user intervention.
description: Time-of-use tariffs
Thin Absolute Villains
Creators: name: Baillie, C. F.
name: Dorey, N.
name: Janke, W.
name: Johnston, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform simulations of an absolute value version of the Villain model on phi3 and phi4 Feynman diagrams, ``thin'' 3-regular and 4-regular random graphs. The phi4 results are in excellent quantitative agreement with the exact calculations by Dorey and Kurzepa for an annealed ensemble of thin graphs, in spite of simulating only a single graph of each size. We also derive exact results for an annealed ensemble of phi3 graphs and again find excellent agreement with the numerical data for single phi3 graphs. The simulations confirm the picture of a mean field vortex transition which is suggested by the analytical results. Further simulations on phi5 and phi6 graphs and of the standard XY model on phi3 graphs confirm the universality of these results. The calculations of Dorey and Kurzepa were based on reinterpreting the large orders behaviour of the anharmonic oscillator in a statistical mechanical context so we also discuss briefly the interpretation of singularities in the large orders behaviour in other models as phase transitions.
description: uuencoded latex file (8 pages) with 6 postscript figures
Household Debt in Seventeenth-Century Württemberg: Evidence from Personal Inventories
Creators: name: Ogilvie, S.
name: Küpker, M.
name: Maegraith, J.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011

description: The “less-developed” interior of early modern Europe, especially the rural economy, is often regarded as financially comatose. This paper investigates this view using a rich dataset of marriage and death inventories for seventeenth-century Germany. It first analyzes how borrowing varied with gender, age, marital status, occupation, lifecycle juncture, date, and asset portfolios. It then explores the characteristics of debts, examining borrowing purposes, familial links, intracommunal ties, and documentary instruments. It finds that ordinary people, even in a “less-developed” economy in rural central Europe, sought to invest profitably, smooth consumption, bridge low liquidity, and hold savings in financial form.
A Behavioural Analysis of Online Privacy and Security
Creators: name: Baddeley, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Behavioural economics
information security
online fraud
cognitive bias

description: Psychological and sociological factors constrain economic decision-making in many contexts including the online world. Behavioural economics and economic psychology emphasise that people will make mistakes in processing information and in planning for the future; these mistakes will also distort learning processes. Emotions and visceral factors will play a key role - not only a ecting people's actions but also distorting the interactions between information, learning and choices. This will have wide-ranging implications for online behavior and information security management, making people more vulnerable to security/privacy abuses including hacking, spam attacks, phishing, identity theft and online financial exploitation. These vulnerabilities raise crucial policy questions - recently made more pressing in the light of recent phone-hacking scandals in the UK. This paper outlines some of the behavioural factors affecting people's online behaviour and analyses real-world reactions to online fraud using evidence from the British Crime Survey 2009-10.
Theoretical Uncertainties in Gamma_sl(b->u)
Creators: name: Uraltsev, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review the existing theoretical uncertainties in relating the semileptonic decay width in b->u transitions to the underlying Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing element |V_ub|. The theoretical error bars are only a few percent in |V_ub|, with uncertainties from the impact of the nonperturbative effects nearly negligible.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX; discussion of 1/m_b^3 effects is expanded. Contribution to Workshop on the Derivation of |V_cb| and |V_ub|: Experimental Status and Theory Uncertainties, CERN, May 28 - June 2, 1999
Experimental realization of an intrinsic magnetic topological insulator
Creators: name: Gong, Yan
name: Guo, Jingwen
name: Li, Jiaheng
name: Zhu, Kejing
name: Liao, Menghan
name: Liu, Xiaozhi
name: Zhang, Qinghua
name: Gu, Lin
name: Tang, Lin
name: Feng, Xiao
name: Zhang, Ding
name: Li, Wei
name: Song, Canli
name: Wang, Lili
name: Yu, Pu
name: Chen, Xi
name: Wang, Yayu
name: Yao, Hong
name: Duan, Wenhui
name: Xu, Yong
name: Zhang, Shou-Cheng
name: Ma, Xucun
name: Xue, Qi-Kun
name: He, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intrinsic magnetic topological insulator (TI) is a stoichiometric magnetic compound possessing both inherent magnetic order and topological electronic states. Such a material can provide a shortcut to various novel topological quantum effects but remains elusive experimentally so far. Here, we report the experimental realization of high-quality thin films of an intrinsic magnetic TI---MnBi$_2$Te$_4$---by alternate growth of a Bi$_2$Te$_3$ quintuple-layer and a MnTe bilayer with molecular beam epitaxy. The material shows the archetypical Dirac surface states in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and is demonstrated to be an antiferromagnetic topological insulator with ferromagnetic surfaces by magnetic and transport measurements as well as first-principles calculations. The unique magnetic and topological electronic structures and their interplays enable the material to embody rich quantum phases such as quantum anomalous Hall insulators and axion insulators in a well-controlled way.
A Linear Quadratic Approach to Optimal Monetary Policy with Unemployment and Sticky Prices: The Case of a Distorted Steady State
Creators: name: Raissi, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Optimal monetary policy
unemployment
search externalities.

description: Ravenna and Walsh (2010) develop a linear quadratic framework for optimal monetary policy analysis in a New Keynesian model featuring search and matching frictions and show that maximization of expected utility of the representative household is equivalent to minimizing a quadratic loss function that consists of inflation, and two appropriately defined gaps involving unemployment and labor market tightness. This paper generalizes their analysis, most importantly by relaxing the Hosios (1990) condition which eliminates the distortions resulting from labor market inefficiencies, such that the equilibrium level of unemployment under flexible prices would not necessarily be optimal. I take account of steady-state distortions using the methodology of Benigno and Woodford (2005) and derive a quadratic loss function that involves the same three terms, albeit with different relative weights and definitions for unemployment- and labor market tightness gaps. I evaluate the resulting loss function subject to a simple set of log-linearized equilibrium relationships and perform policy analysis. The key result of the paper is that search externalities give rise to an endogenous cost push term in the new Keynesian Phillips curve, suggesting a case against complete price stability as the only goal of monetary policy, because there is now a trade-off between stabilizing inflation and reducing inefficient unemployment fluctuations. Transitory movements of inflation in this environment helps job creation and hence prevents excessive volatility of unemployment.
Quantifying Biases in Online Information Exposure
Creators: name: Nikolov, Dimitar
name: Lalmas, Mounia
name: Flammini, Alessandro
name: Menczer, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Our consumption of online information is mediated by filtering, ranking, and recommendation algorithms that introduce unintentional biases as they attempt to deliver relevant and engaging content. It has been suggested that our reliance on online technologies such as search engines and social media may limit exposure to diverse points of view and make us vulnerable to manipulation by disinformation. In this paper, we mine a massive dataset of Web traffic to quantify two kinds of bias: (i) homogeneity bias, which is the tendency to consume content from a narrow set of information sources, and (ii) popularity bias, which is the selective exposure to content from top sites. Our analysis reveals different bias levels across several widely used Web platforms. Search exposes users to a diverse set of sources, while social media traffic tends to exhibit high popularity and homogeneity bias. When we focus our analysis on traffic to news sites, we find higher levels of popularity bias, with smaller differences across applications. Overall, our results quantify the extent to which our choices of online systems confine us inside "social bubbles."
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, to appear in the Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology (JASIST)
The Turkey Industry: Structure, Practices, and Costs
Creators: name: Gallimore, William W.
name: Irvin, Ruth J.
name: Gallimore, William W.
name: Irvin, Ruth J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Turkey
subject: Processing
subject: Marketing
subject: Costs
subject: Contracts
subject: Consumption

description: Tremendous changes in the turkey industry since the 1950's include regional shifts in production and marketing, trends toward a more coordinated industry (increasing use of contract production and other arrangements), expansion and specialization of processing plants, and production of more cutup parts and further processed products—turkey rolls, roasts, pot pies, and frozen dinners. Other areas discussed are processing costs, prices, per capita consumption, and seasonal supply and demand.
Unitary Random-Matrix Ensemble with Governable Level Confinement
Creators: name: Freilikher, V.
name: Kanzieper, E.
name: Yurkevich, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A family of unitary $α$-Ensembles of random matrices with governable confinement potential $V(x) ~ |x|^α$ is studied employing exact results of the theory of non-classical orthogonal polynomials. The density of levels, two-point kernel, locally rescaled two-level cluster function and smoothed connected correlations between the density of eigenvalues are calculated for strong ($α> 1$) and border ($α= 1$) level confinement. It is shown that the density of states is a smooth function for $α> 1$, and has a well-pronounced peak at the band center for $α<= 1$. The case of border level confinement associated with transition point $α= 1$ is reduced to the exactly solvable Pollaczek random-matrix ensemble. Unlike the density of states, all the two-point correlators remain (after proper rescaling) to be universal down to and including $α= 1$.
description: 14 pages (revtex), 4 figures available upon request
Online Static Security Assessment of Power Systems Based on Lasso Algorithm
Creators: name: Li, Yahui
name: Li, Yang
name: Sun, Yuanyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: As one important means of ensuring secure operation in a power system, the contingency selection and ranking methods need to be more rapid and accurate. A novel method-based least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) algorithm is proposed in this paper to apply to online static security assessment (OSSA). The assessment is based on a security index, which is applied to select and screen contingencies. Firstly, the multi-step adaptive Lasso (MSA-Lasso) regression algorithm is introduced based on the regression algorithm, whose predictive performance has an advantage. Then, an OSSA module is proposed to evaluate and select contingencies in different load conditions. In addition, the Lasso algorithm is employed to predict the security index of each power system operation state with the consideration of bus voltages and power flows, according to Newton-Raphson load flow (NRLF) analysis in post-contingency states. Finally, the numerical results of applying the proposed approach to the IEEE 14-bus, 118-bus, and 300-bus test systems demonstrate the accuracy and rapidity of OSSA.
description: Accepted by Applied Sciences
Das Gesetz der Ausgleichung (Kompensation) und GOETHE als vergleichender Anatom [Bd. 51, 1895]
Creators: name: Eimer, Theodor
Publisher: name: - NO PUBLISHER DEFINED -
Year: 1994

description: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
description: Bd. 149, 1994
The KARMEN anomaly, light neutralinos and type II supernovae
Creators: name: Kachelriess, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The KARMEN experiment observes a time anomaly in events induced by pion decay at rest. This anomaly can be ascribed to the production of a new weakly interacting particle X with mass m_X\sim 34 MeV. We show that a recently proposed identification of the X particle with the lightest neutralino χin the frame work of the MSSM with broken R parity is in contradiction to optical observations of type II supernovae.
description: 6 pages latex, 1 eps figure. Slightly revised (cf. title), matches published version
S3BD: Secure Semantic Search over Encrypted Big Data in the Cloud
Creators: name: Woodworth, Jason
name: Salehi, Mohsen Amini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cloud storage is a widely utilized service for both personal and enterprise demands. However, despite its advantages, many potential users with enormous amounts of sensitive data (big data) refrain from fully utilizing the cloud storage service due to valid concerns about data privacy. An established solution to the cloud data privacy problem is to perform encryption on the client-end. This approach, however, restricts data processing capabilities (eg, searching over the data). Accordingly, the research problem we investigate is how to enable real-time searching over the encrypted big data in the cloud. In particular, semantic search is of interest to clients dealing with big data. To address this problem, in this research, we develop a system (termed S3BD) for searching big data using cloud services without exposing any data to cloud providers. To keep real-time response on big data, S3BD proactively prunes the search space to a subset of the whole dataset. For that purpose, we propose a method to cluster the encrypted data. An abstract of each cluster is maintained on the client-end to navigate the search operation to appropriate clusters at the search time. Results of experiments, carried out on real-world big datasets, demonstrate that the search operation can be achieved in real-time and is significantly more efficient than other counterparts. In addition, a fully functional prototype of S3BD is made publicly available.
Templated Dissertation.docx
Creators: name: Gettys, Kristen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: It is well-known that f-block elements can exhibit coordination modes which surpass those of the transition metals. With uranyl and uranium bis(imido) complexes a strong preference is shown for the oxo or imido ligands in the trans- position; a phenomenon which is known as the inverse trans- influence which is unique to high valent actinides. However, when a third imido is added to the complex, a decrease in bond order occurs and this preference is diminished. Through the synthesis of several novel coordination complexes of tris(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imido uranium [U(NDipp)3] with a variety of ligands, we were able to analyze the energy differentials between bonding modes in both the solution and solid state. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations were employed to model the energetic preferences between these geometries. The combination of analyses gives rise to the observation that the orientation of the imido substituents is fluxional depending on the rigidity of the supporting ligands, and oftentimes exhibits low energetic barriers for the formation of different conformers. Uranium tris(imido) species bearing trans-imidos are desirable synthons as they can be used to mimic reactivity of more complicated uranium oxide polymeric systems. Such systems are advantageous as they are easily soluble in organic solvents, making them amenable to standard characterization methods and ligand substitution strategies. Our group has previously shown that uranium tris(imidos), easily synthesized from [(MesPDIMe)U(THF)]2 and various azides, feature axial imido substituents exhibiting differing bond characteristics than the adjacent equatorial imido substituent. The aim of this work is to show that multiple analogues of mixed imido products can be formed from either the aforementioned dimer or stable tris(imido) synthons by exploiting reactivity differences between the axial and equatorial positions. Presented herein are novel copper-​catalyzed ring opening reactions of cyclopropanols and various electrophiles to synthesize a variety of beta-​functionalized ketones. The reactions feature mild conditions and tolerates a wide selection of functional groups leading to complex products which can be used in the synthesis of bioactive molecules.
Ueber die Entstehung der vulkanischen Durchbohrungskanäle im Gebiete von Urach [Bd. 53, 1897]
Creators: name: Branca, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: - NO PUBLISHER DEFINED -
Year: 1994

description: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
description: Bd. 149, 1994
Dense nuclear matter in a strong magnetic field
Creators: name: Chakrabarty, Somenath
name: Bandyopadhyay, Debades
name: Pal, Subrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate in a relativistic Hartree theory the gross properties of cold symmetric nuclear matter and nuclear matter in beta equilibrium under the influence of strong magnetic fields. If the field strengths are above the critical values for electrons and protons, the respective phase spaces are strongly modified. This results in additional binding of the systems with distinctively softer equations of state compared to the field free cases. For magnetic field $\sim 10^{20}$ Gauss and beyond, the nuclear matter in beta equilibrium practically converts into a stable proton rich matter.
description: 13 pages, Revtex, figure included
Institutions and the Volatility Curse
Creators: name: Leong, W.
name: Mohaddes, K.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Economic growth
resource curse
institutions
resource rent
and commodity price volatility.

description: This paper revisits the resource curse paradox and studies the impact of resource rents and their volatility on economic growth under varying institutional quality. Using five-year non-overlapping observations between 1970 and 2005 for 112 countries, we find that while resource rents enhance real output per capita, their volatility exerts a negative impact on economic growth. Therefore, we argue that volatility, rather than abundance per se, drives the resource curse. However, we also find that higher institutional quality can help offset some of the negative volatility effects of resource rents. Therefore, resource abundance can be a blessing provided that growth and welfare enhancing policies and institutions are adopted.
Market Integration, Efficiency, and Interconnectors: The Irish Single Electricity Market
Creators: name: Nepal, R.
name: Jamasb, T.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2011
Subjects: Interconnection
wholesale markets
market integration
competition

description: Interconnections can be an effective way to increase competition in wholesale electricity markets in particular for smaller markets with few actors. This paper quantitatively examines the potentials for interconnections in the Irish Single Electricity Market (SEM). We use a time-varying Kalman filter technique to assess the degree of market integration between SEM and other large, mature and interconnected wholesale electricity markets in Europe. The results indicate a low degree of market integration between SEM and other European markets and thereby raising the possibility to benefit from increased electricity trade. As wholesale prices in SEM remain relatively high and volatile; a larger interconnector capacity can promote competition, close the gap with the European wholesale prices, improve security of supply, and mitigate price volatility. The results indicate that wholesale spot trading of renewable may not increase market integration. The results suggest that an interconnector capacity amounting to about 21% of generation capacity in SEM is likely to achieve an integration coefficient of 0.86 similar to what currently exists between the markets in Austria and the Netherlands.