cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Psychological functioning in young adulthood : the role of attachment, coping and stress
Creators: name: Brown, Lorraine Jean
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The impact of negative life stress and coping on psychological functioning has been established by previous research. However, it is only more recently that attachment theory has been examined for both theoretical and clinical contributions to the field. Bartholomew and Horowitz (1991) combined the positive and negative model of self with the positive and negative model of others to form a four-group model of adult attachment. The establishment of links between those with a negative self model (i.e., high anxiety) and internalising psychopathology, and those with a negative model of others (i.e., high avoidance) and externalising psychopathology, would provide further support for this four-group model. In this thesis, an original model is developed to examine the direct and moderated influence of attachment, coping and negative life stress on adaptive functioning, anger and psychopathology. Questionnaires were administered to 204 young adults (aged 18 -30 years) to assess their romantic attachment style, methods of coping, levels of negative life stress in the past 12 months and the impact of these independent variables on self-reported levels of adaptive functioning, anger and psychopathology. Adaptive functioning refers to relationships with friends, romantic partners and family, as well as academic and occupational functioning. The psychopathology measure included assessment of internalising and externalising symptoms, self harm, suicidality, alcohol and drug use, among other psychological symptoms. The relationship between the independent and dependent variables was analysed by hierarchical multiple regressions. A negative model of self (high anxiety) was linked with an increased incidence of internalising disorders, however a negative model of others (high avoidance) was not associated with externalising disorders, but with internalising disorders and to some areas of adaptive functioning. These results provide a further extension of Bartholomew's model, and with the additional psychopathology scales measured, highlight the negative model of self (high anxiety) as most relevant in the development of psychopathology and anger. Support was also found for the hypothesised model, with attachment linked to coping largely in accordance to predictions. The psychopathology results revealed the largely direct effect of negative life stress on psychopathology. The anger results provided support for both a main effects and moderator model, with negative life stress impacting on anger levels directly, and through an interaction with coping. These results represent a significant contribution to the theory and clinical practice, with implications for both future research and clinical intervention.
title: The Validity and Use of Wechsler Pre-School and Primary Scale of Intelligence in Predicting School Achievement
Creators: name: Campanella, Sam
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1968

description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Wechsler Pre-School and Primary Scale of Intelligence for use in predicting school achievement. The Wechsler Pre-School and Primary Scale of Intelligence was administered to 22 children enrolled in the Operation Head Start Program in Logan, Utah. The Wide Range Achievement Test was administered five months later to the same 22 children. The scores on the Wechsler Pre-School and Primary Scale of Intelligence were correlated to the scores on the Wide Range Achievement Test.
On the basis of the .53 correlation between the Wechsler Pre-School and Primary Scale of Intelligence Full Scale IQ and the Wide Range Achievement Test Average Standard Score, the Wechsler Pre-School and Primary Scale of Intelligence was judged to be a useful instrument in predicting school achievement.
Finite Word Length Effects on Transmission Rate in Zero Forcing Linear Precoding for Multichannel DSL
Creators: name: Sayag, Eitan
name: Leshem, Amir
name: Sidiropoulos, Nikolaos D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Crosstalk interference is the limiting factor in transmission over copper lines. Crosstalk cancelation techniques show great potential for enabling the next leap in DSL transmission rates. An important issue when implementing crosstalk cancelation techniques in hardware is the effect of finite world length on performance. In this paper we provide an analysis of the performance of linear zero-forcing precoders, used for crosstalk compensation, in the presence of finite word length errors. We quantify analytically the trade off between precoder word length and transmission rate degradation. More specifically, we prove a simple formula for the transmission rate loss as a function of the number of bits used for precoding, the signal to noise ratio, and the standard line parameters. We demonstrate, through simulations on real lines, the accuracy of our estimates. Moreover, our results are stable in the presence of channel estimation errors. Finally, we show how to use these estimates as a design tool for DSL linear crosstalk precoders. For example, we show that for standard VDSL2 precoded systems, 14 bits representation of the precoder entries results in capacity loss below 1% for lines over 300m.
A negative test of orbital control of geomagnetic reversals and excursions
Creators: name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Carlut, Julie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: A ~41 Kyr periodic component has been reported in some sedimentary paleointensity records, allowing speculation that there may be some component of orbital control of geomagnetic field generation such as by obliquity modulation. However, no discernable tendency is found for astronomically-dated geomagnetic reversals in the Plio-Pleistocene (0 to 5.3 Ma) or excursions in the Brunhes (0 to 0.78 Ma) to occur at a consistent amplitude or phase of obliquity cyclicity, nor of orbital eccentricity. An implication is that paleointensity lows which are characteristically associated with these features are not distributed in a systematic way relative to obliquity and eccentricity, supporting the idea that orbital forcing does not power the geodynamo.
Enhanced method for the removal of U (VI) and Th (IV) from aqueous solutions using chemically modified kaolinite
Creators: name: Amer, Mohammad W.
name: Alhesan, Jameel S. Aljariri
name: Khalili, Fawwaz I
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Jordanian kaolinite was treated with two phosphate modifiers: sodium polyphosphate (MK 1) and sodium hexametaphosphate (MK 2). Both raw and modified kaolinites were characterised by XRD and FTIR techniques. The adsorption behaviour of Th(IV) and U(VI) ions onto the two modified kaolinites were studied as a function of dosage, contact time, pH and temperature. The adsorption isotherm of both metal ions onto modified kaolinite was investigated using Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R) models, which fits better to the Langmuir model. MK 1 kaolinite showed higher metal ion uptake than MK 2 kaolinite for both ions. The metal ion uptake of Th(IV) ions on both modified kaolinites was significantly higher than that of U(VI) ions. The % adsorption efficiency (73.8 and 69.0%) of Th(IV) ions on MK 1 and MK 2 was significantly higher than that of U(VI) ions (35.0 and 13.3%). The adsorption capacities for Th(IV) (188.7 and 9.6 (mg/g)) and U(VI) (53.5 and 15.3(mg/g)) were improved when MK 1 and MK 2 kaolinites were used at 25°C. The thermodynamic studies indicated that the removal of U(VI) and Th(IV) ions using both modified kaolinites is spontaneous and favourable at higher temperatures. The positive entropy values indicated that the adsorption process increased the disorder of the system. The kinetic study had indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model fit the adsorption data, suggesting a chemisorption nature of the adsorption process. Binary system experiments under optimised conditions showed higher removal of Th(IV) ions compared to U(VI) ions. The desorption study showed that the elution of both metal ions increased as the concentration of HNO3 increased. Both the modified kaolinites were regenerated three times, a slight reduction of their adsorption efficiency was observed, and the presence of interferences has the same effect.
Road Salt Legacies: Quantifying Chloride Fluxes to Groundwater and Surface Water across the Chicago MSA
Creators: name: Ceisel, Erich
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Freshwater chloride concentrations have been increasing in lakes and streams across North America for decades (Dugan, Bartlett, et al. 2017; Sujay S. Kaushal et al. 2018). In northern cities, these increases are primarily driven by increases in the use of road salt, a common road deicer. In the city of Chicago, many thousands of tons of road salt are applied to roadways every winter. Accordingly, increases in surface water chloride concentrations have been noted across the region since the mid-1960s (W. R. Kelly and Panno 2012). While much of the applied salt runs directly off to nearby waterways during snowmelt events, some percolates to groundwater, affecting public supply wells and leading to elevated baseflow concentrations of chloride in nearby streams outside of the winter-spring salting season. In the present study we have created a spatially distributed chloride mass balance across the Chicago Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) for a 30-year period (1990-2020). With this mass balance, we can estimate the magnitudes of legacy chloride accumulating within the CMSA and also determine where these legacies may be having the strongest effects on both aquatic ecosystems and the public drinking water supply. Our results show that inputs of the two largest sources of chloride to the region, road salt and wastewater, increased by 33% and 28%, respectively, between 1990 and 2020. During the same period, riverine chloride loads leaving the CMSA increased by 60%. This has maintained a steady rate of chloride accumulation in the CMSA (480 ktons y-1), totaling approximately 14,000 ktons by the end of the study period. The dynamics of subsurface chloride storage associated with this accumulation were also identified in this study. Shallow aquifers (0-30 meters) consistently displayed short term chloride storage dynamics, increasing their chloride concentrations in the winter and spring in response to road salting but remaining unchanged during summer baseflow conditions. However, at depths below 60 meters, late summer chloride concentrations steadily increased over time, indicating legacy chloride is likely accumulating at deeper depths in the CMSA subsurface. The results highlight the importance of legacy chloride to long-term water quality dynamics in northern North American cities.
Vortex assisted dispersive solid phase extraction of thallium followed by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, Adsorption mechanism and soft computing algorithm prediction
Creators: name: Shakerian, Mahyar
name: Gheibi, Mohammad
name: Eftekhari, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Vortex-assisted dispersive solid-phase extraction technique was used as a rapid and efficient method for preconcentration of ultra-trace levels of total thallium (Tl) followed by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Graphene oxide-modified polyvinylpyrrolidone nanocomposite was prepared as an adsorbent and characterised by the Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy , and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. To find the optimum conditions for extraction of ultra-trace levels of Tl (ӀӀӀ), the response surface methodology based on central composite design was used. Based on the results, pH = 6.6, amounts of adsorbent = 7.7 mg, extraction time = 27 min and desorption time = 5 min provide maximum extraction recovery for Tl (ӀӀӀ). Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.08–1.5 µg L−1 Tl (ӀӀӀ) with the R2 value of 0.9985. The relative standard deviation was 4.0% (n = 7) and the detection limit was 0.019 µg L−1 (n = 8). Also, the enrichment factor which could be calculated from the slope of the calibration curve after preconcentration step to that without preconcentration was 95.8. To understand the adsorption mechanism, two-parameter and three-parameter adsorption isotherms were studied, and the obtained results show that the adsorption of Tl (ӀӀӀ) followed by the Freundlich isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacity was 142.8 mg g−1. Also, the results of adsorption kinetic show that the adsorption of Tl (ӀӀӀ) was followed by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Moreover, random tree (RT) and artificial neural network (ANN) are employed for prediction of adsorption performance based on effective parameters. The outcomes of soft computing demonstrated that RT (R2 = 0.95) and ANN (R2 = 0.87) have acceptable accuracy for estimation and prediction of extraction recovery of Tl (ӀӀӀ).
title: The Relationship Between Activity Delay and Freshman Academic Achievement
Creators: name: Carlson, Richard R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1968

description: The purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship existed between arrival time in coming to take the ACT test and academic achievement.
The individuals who met the general criteria were used in this study numbered 129; 46 of these met the additional criteria of arriving early and they composed the early group.
The early and late groups were compared on ACT composite score and cumulative grade point average.
Significant differences between the means could not be found, by analysis of variance; between the early and late groups using either ACT composite score or cumulative grade point average.
Clustering in growing neutrino cosmologies
Creators: name: Pettorino, Valeria
name: Mota, David F.
name: Robbers, Georg
name: Wetterich, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that growing neutrino models, in which the growing neutrino mass stops the dynamical evolution of a dark energy scalar field, lead to a substantial neutrino clustering on the scales of superclusters. Nonlinear neutrino lumps form at redshift z ~ 1 and could partially drag the clustering of dark matter. If observed, large scale non-linear structures could be an indication for a new attractive force stronger than gravity and mediated by the 'cosmon' dark energy scalar field.
description: To appear in the American institute of Physics (AIP). Proceedings of the DSU 2008 - 4th International Workshop on the Dark Side of the Universe, Cairo
Parenting style and antisocial pathways : the implications of rational choice assumptions in crime prevention
Creators: name: Ac, R
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation looks at the problem of increasing rates of antisocial behaviour in western countries. As such, the structural models being proposed to ameliorate this trend in Australia are questioned. Current strategies include tough punitive measures, cognitive education, therapy and diversion through welfare services. However, over the last two decades, increases rather than decreases in criminal behaviour and depressive illness have occurred, especially in Tasmania. By means of interviews with practitioners, from various agencies, problems in trying to address antisocial trends are examined. There are many theories on offending, with the idea of 'pathways' prominent in recent literature. However, Australian crime prevention approaches are becoming less focused on developmental explanations in favour of a 'rational choice' view which seems to blame the underprivileged for their problems. Furthermore, although acknowledging the need for early intervention, rational choice notions downplay the implications of parenting style on offending pathways. This is because of an assumption that trust is inbuilt and behavioural motivations instrumental and reciprocal. Hence, the idea is that those who are inherently resilient will overcome their disadvantage by choosing good role models and supports during life transitions. Consequently, both developmental and rational choice models attend to the journey rather than the source of social pathways. This dissertation argues that the sensitive pre-language phase of childhood is where feelings of trust and empathy develop, temperament is determined and pro-social or antisocial propensities arise. By noting emerging patterns of behaviour observed by practitioners and exploring the literature on offending, it is hoped to highlight how parenting style is not just one of the many factors involved in offending behaviour but the principal driver of social outcomes.
Magnetic properties of dredged oceanic gabbros and the source of marine magnetic anomalies
Creators: name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Honnorez, B. M.
name: Opdyke, Neil D.
name: Fox, P. J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Submarine geology

description: Magnetic property studies (natural remanent magnetization, initial susceptibility, progressive alternating field demagnetization and magnetic mineralogy of selected samples) were completed on 45 samples of gabbro and metagabbro recovered from 14 North Atlantic ocean-floor localities. The samples are medium to coarse-grained gabbro and metagabbro which exhibit subophitic intergranular to hypidiomorphic granular igneous textures. The igneous mineralogy is characterized by abundant plagioclase, varying amounts of clinopyroxene and hornblende, and lesser amounts of magnetite, ilmenite and sphene. Metamorphic minerals (actinolite, chlorite, epidote and fine-grained alteration products) occur in varying amounts as replacement products or vein material. The opaque mineralogy is dominated by magnetite and ilmenite. The magnetite typically exhibits a trellis of exsolution-oxidation ilmenite lamellae that appears to have formed during deuteric alteration. The NRM intensities of the gabbros range over three orders of magnitude and give a geometric mean of 2.8×10^-4 gauss and an arithmetic mean of 8.8×10^-4 gauss. The Konigsberger ratio, a measure of the relative importance of remanent to induce magnetization, is greater than unity for the majority of the samples and indicates that remanent magnetization on average dominates the total magnetization of oceanic gabbros in the Earth's magnetic field. The magnetic properties of fresh and metamorphosed gabbros appeared to be similar. The majority of gabbros studied were characterized by median destructive fields greater than 200 Oe. The high stability is attributed largely to the effective subdivision of the magnetite grains by the ilmenite lamellae. Model studies based on a magnetization distribution in the oceanic crust inferred from the magnetic property analysis of representative rock bodies within the oceanic crust, suggest that remanent magnetic contrasts in the gabbroic rocks of Layer 3 can be expected to contribute significantly to the generation of sea-floor spreading-type marine magnetic anomalies.
Investigation into the influencing factors and adsorption characteristics in the effective capture of carbon dioxide in flue gas by chitosan grafted Leca biocomposite
Creators: name: Rasoulzadeh, Hassan
name: Zarandi, Saeed Motesaddi
name: Massoudinejad, Mohamadreza
name: Amini, Mostafa M
name: Sheikhmohammadi, Amir
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biophysics
Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The main goal of this research was to evaluate the capability of chitosan (CS)-lightweight expanded clay aggregate (Leca) composite as a green adsorbent for efficient capture of carbon dioxide (CO2). The adsorption process was modelled by response surface methodology (RSM). The composite was recognised by BET, SEM, EDX, XRF, XRD, TGA, XPS and FTIR analysis. It was evidenced the CS-Leca properties attributing to its adsorption ability were eminently improved as compared to pristine Leca. Maximum removal efficiency of CO2 (91.59%) was achieved at 40°C, 40 mL/min gas flow rate and 5% moisture content. Under aforementioned provisions, the actual CO2 removal percentage was found to be 90.4%. According to uptake isotherm studies, the Toth model indicated good affinity between the sorbent and sorbate. This model declares adsorption of CO2 onto CS-Leca involves a heterogeneous and uneven adsorption behaviour. The monolayer adsorption capacity (qm) was determined to be 351.24 mg/g. The outcomes of thermodynamic studies displayed that the adsorption was physical and exothermic in nature. The exothermic isosteric heat of adsorption (IHA) was found as 37.1–48.3 kJ/mol which represented weak chemical interactions between CS-Leca and CO2 molecules. Adsorption mechanism studies revealed that multiple mechanisms are involved in the adsorption reaction of CO2. Regeneration tests of CS-Leca exhibited multiple potential applications. All these results enlightened that the CS-Leca, due to its grafting polymer, can be applied as a potential sorbent to the recycle of CO2 and other acidic gases.
Influence of inclination error in sedimentary rocks on the Triassic and Jurassic apparent pole wander path for North America and implications for Cordilleran tectonics
Creators: name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Irving, Edward
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Because of paleomagnetic inclination error (I error) in sedimentary rocks, we argue that previous estimates of Triassic and Jurassic paleolatitudes of the North American craton have generally been too low, the record being derived mostly from sedimentary rocks. Using results from all major cratons, we construct a new composite apparent pole wander (APW) path for Triassic through Paleogene based on 69 paleopoles ranging in age from 243 to 43 Ma. The poles are from igneous rocks and certain sedimentary formations corrected for I error brought into North American coordinates using plate tectonic reconstructions. Key features of the new APW path are a 25° northward progression from 230 to 190 Ma to high latitudes (off northernmost Siberia) where the pole lingers until 160 Ma, a jump to the Aleutians followed by a hook in western Alaska by ~145 Ma that leads to the 130-60 Ma stillstand, after which the pole moves to its present position. As an example of the application of this new path we use paleomagnetic results to determine that southern Wrangellia and Stikinia (W/S), the two most westerly terranes in the Canadian Cordillera, lay 630 to 1650 km farther south than at present relative to the craton during the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic. This is consistent with an exotic Tethyan origin as paleontological and mantle geochemical evidences imply. During the Late Triassic through Early Cretaceous, W/S moved northward more slowly than the craton, implying oblique sinistral net convergence over this 130 Myr interval. This was followed by dextral shear in latest Cretaceous through Eocene.
title: Short and Long-Term Structural Health Monitoring of Highway Bridges
Creators: name: Zolghadri, Navid
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a promising tool for condition assessment of bridge structures. SHM of bridges can be performed for different purposes in long or short-term. A few aspects of short- and long-term monitoring of highway bridges are addressed in this research.
Without quantifying environmental effects, applying vibration-based damage detection techniques may result in false damage identification. As part of a long-term monitoring project, the effect of temperature on vibrational characteristics of two continuously monitored bridges are studied. Natural frequencies of the structures are identified from ambient vibration data using the Natural Excitation Technique (NExT) along with the Eigen System Realization (ERA) algorithm. Variability of identified natural frequencies is investigated based on statistical properties of identified frequencies. Different statistical models are tested and the most accurate model is selected to remove the effect of temperature from the identified frequencies. After removing temperature effects, different damage cases are simulated on calibrated finite-element models. Comparing the effect of simulated damages on natural frequencies showed what levels of damage could be detected with this method.
Evaluating traffic loads can be helpful to different areas including bridge design and assessment, pavement design and maintenance, fatigue analysis, economic studies and enforcement of legal weight limits. In this study, feasibility of using a single-span bridge as a weigh-in-motion tool to quantify the gross vehicle weights (GVW) of trucks is studied. As part of a short-term monitoring project, this bridge was subjected to four sets of high speed, live-load tests. Measured strain data are used to implement bridge weigh-in-motion (B-WIM) algorithms and calculate the corresponding velocities and GVWs. A comparison is made between calculated and static weights, and furthermore, between supposed speeds and estimated speeds of the trucks.
Vibration-based techniques that use finite-element (FE) model updating for SHM of bridges are common for infrastructure applications. This study presents the application of both static and dynamic-based FE model updating of a full scale bridge. Both dynamic and live-load testing were conducted on this bridge and vibration, strain, and deflections were measured at different locations. A FE model is calibrated using different error functions. This model could capture both global and local response of the structure and the performance of the updated model is validated with part of the collected measurements that were not included in the calibration process.
Non-Markovian quantum trajectories: an exact result
Creators: name: Bassi, Angelo
name: Ferialdi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the non-Markovian stochastic Schroedinger equation describing a particle subject to spontaneous collapses in space (in the language of collapse models), or subject to a continuous measurement of its position (in the language of continuous quantum measurement). For the first time, we give the explicit general solution for the free particle case (H = p^2/2m), and discuss the main properties. We analyze the case of an exponential correlation function for the noise, giving a quantitative description of the dynamics and of its dependence on the correlation time.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX. Minor revisions
Self-adjoint symmetry operators connected with the magnetic Heisenberg ring
Creators: name: Fiedler, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C35, 16D60, 05E10, 05-04

description: We consider symmetry operators a from the group ring C[S_N] which act on the Hilbert space H of the 1D spin-1/2 Heisenberg magnetic ring with N sites. We investigate such symmetry operators a which are self-adjoint (in a sence defined in the paper) and which yield consequently observables of the Heisenberg model. We prove the following results: (i) One can construct a self-adjoint idempotent symmetry operator from every irreducible character of every subgroup of S_N. This leads to a big manifold of observables. In particular every commutation symmetry yields such an idempotent. (ii) The set of all generating idempotents of a minimal right ideal R of C[S_N] contains one and only one idempotent which ist self-adjoint. (iii) Every self-adjoint idempotent e can be decomposed into primitive idempotents e = f_1 + ... + f_k which are also self-adjoint and pairwise orthogonal. We give a computer algorithm for the calculation of such decompositions. Furthermore we present 3 additional algorithms which are helpful for the calculation of self-adjoint operators by means of discrete Fourier transforms of S_N. In our investigations we use computer calculations by means of our Mathematica packages PERMS and HRing.
description: 13 pages
Paleomagnetism of the Upper Devonian Catskill Formation from the southern limb of the Pennsylvania Salient: Possible evidence of oroclinal rotation
Creators: name: Miller, John D.
name: Kent, Dennis V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Multiple components of magnetization were isolated in the natural remanent magnetization of samples of the Upper Devonian Catskill Formation red beds taken from the southern limb of the Pennsylvania Salient. The dominant, thermally distributed component (SF), previously thought to predate folding, is demonstrably synfolding in origin. The mean direction for SF based on data from the current study and a previous study is Declination/Inclination = 161.6°/7.9°, a95 = 3.9° (pole position 127.3°E, 43.1°N, A95 = 3.1°, N = 14 sites). Although the remagnetization is clearly synfolding in most areas, the relative ages of folding and remagnetization vary locally. A subordinate high unblocking temperature component (HT) has a mean tilt corrected direction of 160°/36°, a95 = 16° (pole position 123.5°E, 26.1°N, A95 = 15.4°, n = 7 samples). Comparison of HT with the prefolding magnetization isolated in the northern limb of the salient suggests that the paleolatitude of this part of North America was about 16°S and that part of the curvature of the salient was acquired during orogenesis.
The influence of attention on dual-task performances and cortical excitability
Creators: name: Brown, Felicity Claire
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In the literature researchers have endeavored to try and explain the phenomena of dualtask interference. Dual-task interference refers to the finding that when people perform two tasks simultaneously there is often a decrease in performance compared to when they perform one task alone (Pashler, 1994). Despite vast amounts of research exploring this, there has been no unified consensus about why dual-task interference actually occurs. This literature review first explains the methodology termed the dual-task paradigm that is common used in research to study these interference effects. Following this the cognitive explanations for dual-task interference effects, namely the resource model and bottleneck model are explored. A number of studies are then presented that employed both cognitive and motor tasks to examine these effects. Another less common explanation presented in the literature termed the cross-talk model is then reviewed. Cross-talk according to Navon and Miller (1987) is defined as when two tasks use separate mechanisms that interfere with each other, rather then share or compete for resources. This notion of cross-talk can be interpreted from a neural perspective, thus neural cross-talk can be seen as referring to when an area of the cortex activated during the performance of one task affects a different area of the cortex activated during the performance of a second task resulting in interference. This review then explores a number of studies that used electrophysiological techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and position emission tomography that present findings consistent with the notion of neural cross-talk. Building on this notion of neural cross-talk research is then presented that suggests that neural cross-talk may play an important role in behaviour. The final part of this review explores evidence to suggest that neural cross-talk is modifiable. Overall, the literature presented in this review highlights the fact that further research into the cause of dual-task interference is warranted. The evidence also suggests that neuralcross talk may play an important role in this interference; thus neural cross-talk should be explored in greater depth in future research examining interference.
IGR J17544-2619 in depth with Suzaku: direct evidence for clumpy winds in a supergiant fast X-ray transient
Creators: name: Rampy, Rachel A.
name: Smith, David M.
name: Negueruela, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first direct evidence for dense clumps of matter in the companion wind in a Supergiant Fast X-ray Transient (SFXT) binary. This is seen as a brief period of enhanced absorption during one of the bright, fast flares that distinguish these systems. The object under study was IGR J17544-2619, and a total of 236 ks of data were accumulated with the Japanese satellite Suzaku. The activity in this period spans a dynamic range of almost 10000 in luminosity and gives a detailed look at SFXT behavior.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted for The Astrophysical Journal. Version 3 includes minor changes made during the refereeing process: primarily an assortment of references to results appearing since the original submission, but also a new spectral fit (Figure 8)
Racial Bias on the Emergency Medicine Standardized Letter of Evaluation
Creators: name: Kukulski, Paul Kukulski
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Introduction: Racial discrimination is widespread throughout medicine and studies of the assessment of medical students continue to show evidence of racial bias. Matching into EM residency is significantly influenced by the rankings a student achieves on the Standardized Letter of Evaluation (SLOE). This study aims to determine whether there is a difference in scores on the EM SLOE between UIM (underrepresented in medicine) and non-UIM applicants and to examine whether differences persist after controlling for other factors in the residency application. Methods: The population consists of medical students who applied to EM residency during the 2019 application season. We compared rankings between UIM and non-UIM students, and rankings between students of each individual race and white students. Results: UIM students received significantly lower rankings on all three SLOE variables compared to non-UIM students, p
On Th229 and time-dependent fundamental constants
Creators: name: Litvinova, Elena
name: Feldmeier, Hans
name: Dobaczewski, Jacek
name: Flambaum, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic transition between the almost degenerate 5/2+ and 3/2+ states in Th229 is deemed to be very sensitive to potential changes in the fine structure constant alpha. State of the art Hartree-Fock and Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations are performed to compute the difference in Coulomb energies of the two states which determines the amplification of variations in alpha into variations of the transition frequency. The kinetic energies are also calculated which reflect a possible variation in the nucleon or quark masses. A generalized Hellmann-Feynman theorem is proved including the use of density-matrix functionals. As the two states differ mainly in the orbit occupied by the last unpaired neutron the Coulomb energy difference results from a change in the nuclear polarization of the proton distribution. This effect turns out to be rather small and to depend on the nuclear model, the amplification varies between about -4 x 10^4 and +4 x 10^4. Therefore much more effort must be put into the improvement of the nuclear models before one can draw conclusions from a measured drift in the transition frequency on a temporal drift of fundamental constants. All calculations published so far do not reach the necessary fidelity. PACS 06.20.Jr,21.60.Jz,27.90.+b
description: 13 pages with 3 figures
Values of Noncommutative Polynomials, Lie Skew-Ideals and the Tracial Nullstellensatz
Creators: name: Bresar, Matej
name: Klep, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16R50 (Primary), 16W10 (Secondary)

description: A subspace of an algebra with involution is called a Lie skew-ideal if it is closed under Lie products with skew-symmetric elements. Lie skew-ideals are classified in central simple algebras with involution (there are eight of them for involutions of the first kind and four for involutions of the second kind) and this classification result is used to characterize noncommutative polynomials via their values in these algebras. As an application, we deduce that a polynomial is a sum of commutators and a polynomial identity of $d\times d$ matrices if and only if all of its values in the algebra of $d\times d$ matrices have zero trace.
description: 20 pages
Evaluation of using electric arc furnace slag as an adsorbent for dyes removal
Creators: name: Alazraqi, Ali R.
name: Al-Furaiji, Mustafa H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The adsorption of two common textile dyes – orange G and methyl violet – onto an electric arc furnace slag was studied. Batch study shows that adsorption of orange G and methyl violet were dependent highly on pH value. Removal of orange G decreased with the increase of initial pH with optimum pH observed at 3. Moreover, the total removal percentage was low and did not exceed 45% at optimum pH. However, the removal of methyl violet increased with initial pH, and maximum removal (about 94%) was observed at pH 11. Based on the obtained data, methyl violet dye was chosen to study the effect of agitation speed, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage and adsorbent particle size on adsorption capacity. For the adsorbent under investigation, equilibrium adsorption capacity qe (mg/g) for orange G and methyl violet dyes were 17.4 mg/g and 3.29 mg/g, respectively. Also, batch studies show that the adsorption rate for methyl violet was rapid at the beginning and slowed down till equilibrium.In contrast, the orange G adsorption rate was slow until it approached equilibrium. The Pseudo-Second order model well represented the kinetics studies data. The value of K2 increased with adsorbent dosage while the K2 value decreased with an increase in initial dye concentration and adsorbent particle size. Equilibrium data were evaluated using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and it was found that the Langmuir isotherm model best fitted to the experiments data.
Constraining the orbital orientation of Eta Carinae from H Paschen lines
Creators: name: Falceta-Goncalves, D.
name: Abraham, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the past decade several observational and theoretical works provided evidences of the binary nature of Eta Carinae. Nevertheless, there is still no direct determination of the orbital parameters, and the different current models give contradictory results. The orbit is, in general, assumed to coincide with the Homunculus equator although the observations are not conclusive. Among all systems, Eta Carinae has the advantage that it is possible to observe both the direct emission of line transitions in the central source and its reflection by the Homunculus, which are dependent on the orbital inclination. In this work, we studied the orbital phase dependent hydrogen Paschen spectra reflected by the SE lobe of the Homunculus to constrain the orbital parameters of etaCar and determine its inclination with respect to the Homunculus axis. Assuming that the emission excess is originated in the wind-wind shock region we were able to model the latitude dependence of the spectral line profiles. For the first time, we were able to estimate the orbital inclination of etaCar with respect to the observer and to the Homunculus axis. The best fit occurs for an orbital inclination to the line of sight of i ~ 60 degrees, and i* ~ 35 degrees with respect to the Homunculus axis, indicating that the angular momenta of the central object and the orbit are not aligned. We were also able to fix the phase angle of conjunction as ~ -40 degrees, showing that the periastron passage occurs shortly after conjunction.
description: accepted for publication by MNRAS
Corrected Late Triassic Latitudes for Continents Adjacent to the North Atlantic
Creators: name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Tauxe, Lisa
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Physical geography
Plate tectonics

description: We use a method based on a statistical geomagnetic field model to recognize and correct for inclination error in sedimentary rocks from early Mesozoic rift basins in North America, Greenland, and Europe. The congruence of the corrected sedimentary results and independent data from igneous rocks on a regional scale indicates that a geocentric axial dipole field operated in the Late Triassic. The corrected paleolatitudes indicate a faster poleward drift of ~0.6 degrees per million years for this part of Pangea and suggest that the equatorial humid belt in the Late Triassic was about as wide as it is today.
title: An Exploratory Study of Fifth-Grade Students’ Reasoning About the Relationship Between Fractions and Decimals When Using Number Line-Based Virtual Manipulatives
Creators: name: Smith, Scott
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: Understanding the relationship between fractions and decimals is an important step in developing an overall understanding of rational numbers. Research has demonstrated the feasibility of technology in the form of virtual manipulatives for facilitating students’ meaningful understanding of rational number concepts. This exploratory dissertation study was conducted for the two closely related purposes: first, to investigate a sample of fifth-grade students’ reasoning regarding the relationship between fractions and decimals for fractions with terminating decimal representations while using virtual manipulative incorporating parallel number lines; second, to investigate the affordances of the virtual manipulatives for supporting the students’ reasoning about the decimal-fraction relationship.
The study employed qualitative methods in which the researcher collected and analyzed data from fifth-grade students’ verbal explanations, hand gestures, and mouse cursor motions. During the course of the study, four fifth-grade students participated in an initial clinical interview, five task-based clinical interviews while using the number line-based virtual manipulatives, and a final clinical interview. The researcher coded the data into categories that indicated the students’ synthetic models, their strategies for converting between fractions and decimals, and evidence of students’ accessing the affordances of the virtual manipulatives (e.g., students’ hand gestures, mouse cursor motions, and verbal explanations).
The study yielded results regarding the students’ conceptions of the decimal-fraction relationship. The students’ synthetic models primarily showed their recognition of the relationship between the unit fraction 1/8 and its decimal 0.125. Additionally, the students used a diversity of strategies for converting between fractions and decimals. Moreover, results indicate that the pattern of strategies students used for conversions of decimals to fractions was different from the pattern of strategies students used for conversions of fractions to decimals. The study also yielded results for the affordances of the virtual manipulatives for supporting the students’ reasoning regarding the decimal-fraction relationship. The analysis of students’ hand gestures, mouse cursor motions, and verbal explanations revealed the affordances of alignment and partition of the virtual manipulatives for supporting the students’ reasoning about the decimal-fraction relationship. Additionally, the results indicate that the students drew on the affordances of alignment and partition more frequently during decimal to fraction conversions than during fraction to decimal conversions.
Widespread late Mesozoic to Recent remagnetization of Paleozoic and lower Triassic sedimentary rocks from South China
Creators: name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Zeng, Xiangshan
name: Wen, You Zhang
name: Opdyke, Neil D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geology, Stratigraphic

description: Paleomagnetic results are described from eighteen formations sampled in the Nanjing (Jiangsu Province) and Yichang (Hubei Province) areas of South China. The marine platform carbonates and elastics range in age from early Cambrian to early Triassic. Progressive alternating field and/or thermal demagnetization analyses reveal predominantly single component magnetizations, sometimes of both normal and reverse polarity. These magnetizations, isolated in 457 of the 549 samples studied, typically have directions in geographic coordinates coincident with late Mesozoic to Recent fields. A secondary origin for the magnetizations is supported by negative fold tests in several units. A lower Carboniferous and possibly a lower Triassic limestone may have escaped the pervasive remagnetization; if the remanences isolated are indeed prefolding, a large counterclockwise tectonic rotation of the Nanjing area is implied by comparison with available Carboniferous and Triassic paleopoles reported from elsewhere in South China. This rotation may have been associated with Mesozoic left-lateral motion on the Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone.
A note on cosmological Levi-Civita spacetimes in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Sarioglu, Ozgur
name: Tekin, Bayram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find a class of solutions to cosmological Einstein equations that generalizes the four dimensional cylindrically symmetric spacetimes to higher dimensions. The AdS soliton is a special member of this class with a unique singularity structure.
description: 3 pages; version to appear in Phys. Rev. D