cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hidden Sectors from Multiple Line Bundles for the $B-L$ MSSM
Creators: name: Ashmore, Anthony
name: Dumitru, Sebastian
name: Ovrut, Burt A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a formalism for constructing hidden sector bundles as extensions of sums of line bundles in heterotic $M$-theory. Although this construction is generic, we present it within the context of the specific Schoen threefold that leads to the physically realistic $B-L$ MSSM model. We discuss the embedding of the line bundles, the existence of the extension bundle, and a number of necessary conditions for the resulting bundle to be slope-stable and thus $N=1$ supersymmetric. An explicit example is presented, where two line bundles are embedded into the $SU(3)$ factor of the $E_{6} \times SU(3)$ maximal subgroup of the hidden sector $E_{8}$ gauge group, and then enhanced to a non-Abelian $SU(3)$ bundle by extension. For this example, there are in fact six inequivalent extension branches, significantly generalizing that space of solutions compared with hidden sectors constructed from a single line bundle.
description: 51 pages, 5 figures
Relaxation Mode Analysis and Markov State Relaxation Mode Analysis for Chignolin in Aqueous Solution near a Transition Temperature
Creators: name: Mitsutake, Ayori
name: Takano, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is important to extract reaction coordinates or order parameters from protein simulations in order to investigate the local minimum-energy states and the transitions between them. The most popular method to obtain such data is principal component analysis, which extracts modes of large conformational fluctuations around an average structure. We recently applied relaxation mode analysis for protein systems, which approximately estimates the slow relaxation modes and times from a simulation and enables investigations of the dynamic properties underlying the structural fluctuations of proteins. In this study, we apply this relaxation mode analysis to extract reaction coordinates for a system in which there are large conformational changes such as those commonly observed in protein folding/unfolding. We performed a 750-ns simulation of chignolin protein near its folding transition temperature, and observed many transitions between the most stable, misfolded, intermediate, and unfolded states. We then applied principal component analysis and relaxation mode analysis to the system. In the relaxation mode analysis, we could automatically extract good reaction coordinates. The free-energy surfaces provide a clearer understanding of the transitions not only between local minimum-energy states but also between the folded and unfolded states, even though the simulation involved large conformational changes. Moreover, we propose a new analysis method called Markov state relaxation mode analysis. We applied the new method to states with slow relaxation, which are defined by the free-energy surface obtained in the relaxation mode analysis. Finally, the relaxation times of the states obtained with a simple Markov state model and the proposed Markov state relaxation mode analysis are compared and discussed.
description: 27 pages
Conservative data on polychrome stucco, stone and clay sculptures and architectonical decoration of Gandharan art
Creators: name: Festa, Luciana
name: Pannuzi, Simona
Publisher: name: Restauro Archeologico
Year: 2019

description: the first phase of study on Gandharan artefacts (2014-15), the Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro (ISCR) was focused on technological and conservative issues of some schist stone and stucco sculptures belonging to the collection of the Museum of Oriental Art of Rome (ex MNAO, now merged into the Museo delle Civiltà). Experts of different disciplines evaluated the conditions of the stone artworks, to define the best conservation approaches and treatments. Chemists and restorers compared cleaning methods and evaluated consolidation and sticking practices. In our further studies we also consider stucco and clay artworks, deepening our research through scientific analyses and observation carried out on both archaeological founds (Afghanistan, Pakistan) and musealized sculptures (Civic Archaeological Museum of Milan, Oriental Art Museum of Turin and Guimet Museum of Paris). This further work allowed, through the characterization of the materials and the observation of the working techniques, to deepen the study of the Gandharan stone, stucco and clay artworks and to formulate operational hypothesis for their conservation.
description: Restauro Archeologico, Vol. 27 No. 1 (2019)
Magnetic field generation by charge exchange in a supernova remnant in the early universe
Creators: name: Kashiwamura, Shuhei
name: Ohira, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new generation mechanisms of magnetic fields in supernova remnant shocks propagating to partially ionized plasmas in the early universe. Upstream plasmas are dissipated at the collisionless shock, but hydrogen atoms are not dissipated because they do not interact with electromagnetic fields. After the hydrogen atoms are ionized in the shock downstream region, they become cold proton beams that induce the electron return current. The injection of the beam protons can be interpreted as an external force acting on the downstream proton plasma. We show that the effective external force and the electron return current can generate magnetic fields without any seed magnetic fields. The magnetic field strength is estimated to be $B\sim 10^{-14}-10^{-11}~{\rm G}$, where the characteristic lengthscale is the mean free path of charge exchange, $\sim 10^{15}~{\rm cm}$. Since protons are marginally magnetized by the generated magnetic field in the downstream region, the magnetic field could be amplified to larger values and stretched to larger scales by turbulent dynamo and expansion.
Does routine uniportal thoracoscopy during rib fixation identify more injuries and impact outcomes?
Creators: name: Browder, S.E.
name: Kindell, D.G.
name: Wilson, H.K.
name: Haithcock, B.E.
name: Ra, J.H.
name: Long, J.M.
name: Bui, J.T.
Publisher: name: AME Publishing Company
Year: 2020

description: Background: Flail chest and severely displaced rib fractures due to blunt trauma can be associated with intrathoracic injuries. At our institution, two thoracic surgeons perform all surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF): one performs routine uniportal thoracoscopy (R-VATS) at the time of SSRF and the other for only select cases (S-VATS). In this pilot study, we hypothesized that R-VATS at the time of SSRF identifies and addresses intrathoracic injuries not seen on imaging and may impact patient outcomes. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients who underwent SSRF from 2013-2019 at our institution was performed for severely displaced rib fractures or flail chest. Data collected included demographics, imaging results, treatment strategy, and operative findings. Results: Ninety-nine patients underwent SSRF. Uniportal thoracoscopy was performed on 69% of these patients. When thoracoscopy was performed, 31 additional injuries were identified. R-VATS identified 23 additional intrathoracic findings at time of thoracoscopy not seen on CT scan compared to 8 findings in the S-VATS group (P=0.367). At 3 months follow-up, one empyema and one diaphragmatic hernia required reoperation-neither of which underwent thoracoscopy at time of SSRF. There were no differences in LOS, operative times, and overall mortality between the SSRF/thoracoscopy and SSRF only groups. Conclusions: R-VATS at the time of SSRF did not identify a statistically significant greater number of occult intrathoracic injuries compared to S-VATS. R-VATS was not associated with increased operative time, LOS, and mortality. Further study is needed to determine if there is benefit to R-VATS in patients meeting requirements for rib fracture repair.
Supplementary material from Avian malaria-mediated population decline of a widespread iconic bird species.
Creators: name: Dadam, Daria
name: Robinson, Robert A.
name: Clements, Anabel
name: Peach, Will J.
name: Bennett, Malcolm
name: J. Marcus Rowcliffe
name: Cunningham, Andrew A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Tables S1, S2, S4 and S5
Non-conjugate quantum subsystems
Creators: name: Stokes, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an alternative way to understand the decomposition of a quantum system into interacting parts and show that it is natural in several physical models. This enables us to define a reduced density operator for a working system interacting with a thermal bath that is consistent with the inclusion of the interaction Hamiltonian within the working system's energy. We subsequently provide a self-consistent formulation of quantum thermodynamics that incurs non-trivial physical corrections to thermodynamic relations and quantities previously defined within the literature.
description: 14 pages + Appendix, 2 figures in main text, 2 figures in Appendix
Anesthetic Approach to Postpneumonectomy Syndrome
Creators: name: Kolarczyk, L.
name: Haithcock, B.
name: Doan, V.
name: Hammond, B.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Inc.
Year: 2020

description: Postpneumonectomy syndrome is a rare complication in patients who have previously had a pneumonectomy. Over time, the mediastinum may rotate toward the vacant pleural space, which can cause extrinsic airway and esophageal compression. As such, these patients typically present with progressive dyspnea and dysphagia. There is a paucity of reports in the anesthesiology literature regarding the intraoperative anesthetic approach to such rare patients. We present a case of an 18-year-old female found to have postpneumonectomy syndrome requiring thoracotomy with insertion of tissue expanders. Our case report illustrates the complexities involved in the care of these patients with regards to airway management, ventilation concerns, and potential for hemodynamic compromise. This case report underscores the importance of extensive multidisciplinary planning.
(1124) Emma [Taylor]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Postoperative Urinary Retention in Patients Undergoing Lung Resection: Incidence and Risk Factors
Creators: name: Haithcock, B.
name: Fano, R.
name: Hance, L.
name: Kolarczyk, L.
name: Strassle, P.D.
name: Bui, J.
name: Merlo, A.
name: Teeter, E.
Publisher: name: Elsevier USA
Year: 2020

description: Background: The purpose of this study was to (1) determine the incidence of postoperative urinary retention (POUR) in patients undergoing lung resection at our institution, (2) identify differences in potential risk factors between patients with and without POUR, and (3) describe patient outcomes across POUR status. Methods: The medical records of 225 patients between 2016 and 2017 were reviewed, and 191 met criteria for inclusion. The institution's catheterization removal protocol was followed in all patients. Recatheterization was defined as requiring in-and-out catheterization or Foley catheter placement. Fisher exact and Wilcoxon tests were used for analysis. Results: POUR developed in 35 patients (18%). Patients with POUR were older (P = .01), had increased baseline creatinine (P = .04), and a higher prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (P = .007). POUR patients were also less likely to get a Foley catheter intraoperatively (P = .0002). Other intraoperative factors, such as surgical approach and extent of resection, were not significantly different between patients with and without POUR. Postoperative factors (epidural use or days with chest tube) were similar. Although patients with POUR were more likely to be discharged with a Foley catheter (13% vs 0%, P = .002), no difference in length of stay, incidences of urinary tract infections, or 30-day readmission were observed. Conclusions: POUR develops in approximately 1 in 5 patients undergoing lung resection. Patients with POUR were more likely to not have a Foley catheter placed intraoperatively. However, patients who had POUR did not have worsened patient outcomes (urinary tract infections, length of stay, or 30-day readmission).
Can Brans-Dicke theory with $Λ>0$ describe stars?
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Sourav
name: Dialektopoulos, Konstantinos F.
name: Romano, Antonio Enea
name: Tomaras, Theodore N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A step-by-step approach is followed to study cosmic structures in the context of Brans-Dicke theory with positive cosmological constant $Λ$ and parameter $ω$. First, it is shown that regular stationary black-hole solutions not only have constant Brans-Dicke field $ϕ$, but can exist only for $ω=\infty$, which forces the theory to coincide with the General Relativity. Generalizations of the theory in order to evade this black-hole no-hair theorem are presented. It is also shown that in the absence of a stationary cosmological event horizon in the asymptotic region, a stationary black hole horizon can support a non-trivial Brans-Dicke hair. Even more importantly, it is shown next, that the presence of a stationary cosmological event horizon rules out any regular stationary solution, appropriate for the description of a star. Thus, to describe a star one has to assume that there is no such stationary horizon in the faraway asymptotic region. Under this implicit assumption generic spherical cosmic structures are studied perturbatively and is shown that only for $ω>0$ or $ω\lesssim -5$ their predicted maximum sizes are consistent with observations. We also point out how, many of the conclusions of this work differ qualitatively from the $Λ=0$ spacetimes.
description: v3, 13pp; added reference and discussions, more argument on star solution given, improved presentation; accepted in PRL
Data completion algorithms and their applications in inverse acoustic scattering with limited-aperture backscattering data
Creators: name: Dou, Fangfang
name: Liu, Xiaodong
name: Meng, Shixu
name: Zhang, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P25, 45Q05, 78A46, 74B05

description: We introduce two data completion algorithms for the limited-aperture problems in inverse acoustic scattering. Both completion algorithms are independent of the topological and physical properties of the unknown scatterers. The main idea is to relate the limited-aperture data to the full-aperture data via the prolate matrix. The data completion algorithms are simple and fast since only the approximate inversion of the prolate matrix is involved. We then combine the data completion algorithms with imaging methods such as factorization method and direct sampling method for the object reconstructions. A variety of numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithms.
Il podere delle parole
Creators: name: Colombo, Luca
Publisher: name: Re|Cibo
Year: 2024

description: L’agricoltura - e il cibo che ne è il principale portato - è dal suo sorgere coltivata anche dal linguaggio e i suoi capisaldi essenziali sono illuminati da parole concise quanto inequivoche: terra, acqua, sole, grano, riso, cece, pollo, bue, porco, vite, vino, olio, pane. Brevità che è sollecitudine se è in gioco la sopravvivenza, ma che esprime anche familiarità e prontezza cognitiva in relazione al proprio nutrimento e all’ambiente in cui si esercita l’attività primaria. Immediatezza, come mamma e papà.
description: Re|Cibo, V. 2 N. 1 (2023): ReCibo Rivista della Rete Italiana Politiche Locali del Cibo - Numero 1
Beads on a string: Structure of bound aggregates of globular particles and long polymer chains
Creators: name: Souslov, Anton
name: Curtis, Jennifer E.
name: Goldbart, Paul M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Macroscopic properties of suspensions, such as those composed of globular particles (e.g., colloidal or macromolecular), can be tuned by controlling the equilibrium aggregation of the particles. We examine how aggregation -- and, hence, macroscopic properties -- can be controlled in a system composed of both globular particles and long, flexible polymer chains that reversibly bind to one another. We base this on a minimal statistical mechanical model of a single aggregate in which the polymer chain is treated either as ideal or self-avoiding, and, in addition, the globular particles are taken to interact with one another via excluded volume repulsion. Furthermore, each of the globular particles is taken to have one single site to which at most one polymer segment may bind. Within the context of this model, we examine the statistics of the equilibrium size of an aggregate and, thence, the structure of dilute and semidilute suspensions of these aggregates. We apply the model to biologically relevant aggregates, specifically those composed of macromolecular proteoglycan globules and long hyaluronan polymer chains. These aggregates are especially relevant to the materials properties of cartilage and the structure-function properties of perineuronal nets in brain tissue, as well as the pericellular coats of mammalian cells.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, Soft Matter (2015)
Escape the drape divide by making off-service rotations a part of surgery and anesthesia residencies
Creators: name: Haithcock, B.
name: Merlo, A.
Publisher: name: American Medical Association
Year: 2020

description: Unfortunately, the drape dividing the anesthesiologist from the surgeon is far too often a symbol of a greater divide in both communication and culture between the 2 specialties. When anesthesiologists and surgeons spend time rotating on each other's services, they develop a mutual respect for each other's clinical acumen and foster open communication channels for times of both routine clinical care and crisis. There is no better time than in residency, and no better way than cross-training, for anesthesia and surgical residents to hone these skills.
(1121) Eliza Kilvington
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Growth rate of a stochastic growth process driven by an exponential Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process
Creators: name: Pirjol, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stochastic growth process in discrete time $x_{i+1} = (1 + μ_i) x_i$ with growth rate $μ_i = ρe^{Z_i - \frac12 var(Z_i)}$ proportional to the exponential of an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (O-U) process $dZ_t = - γZ_t dt + σdW_t$ sampled on a grid of uniformly spaced times $\{t_i\}_{i=0}^n$ with time step $τ$. Using large deviation theory methods we compute the asymptotic growth rate (Lyapunov exponent) $λ= \lim_{n\to \infty} \frac{1}{n} \log \mathbb{E}[x_n]$. We show that this limit exists, under appropriate scaling of the O-U parameters, and can be expressed as the solution of a variational problem. The asymptotic growth rate is related to the thermodynamical pressure of a one-dimensional lattice gas with attractive exponential potentials. For $Z_t$ a stationary O-U process the lattice gas coincides with a system considered previously by Kac and Helfand. We derive upper and lower bounds on $λ$. In the large mean-reversion limit $γn τ\gg 1$ the two bounds converge and the growth rate is given by a lattice version of the van der Waals equation of state. The predictions are tested against numerical simulations of the stochastic growth model.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures
Generalizing event shapes: In search of lost collider time
Creators: name: Korchemsky, Gregory
name: Sokatchev, Emery
name: Zhiboedov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new class of collider-type observables in conformal field theories which we call generalized event shapes. They are defined as matrix elements of light-ray operators that are sensitive to the longitudinal, or time-dependent, structure of the state produced in the collision. Generalized event shapes can be studied using both correlation functions and scattering amplitudes. They are infrared finite and smoothly transit over to the familiar event shapes. We compute them in planar ${\cal N}=4$ super-Yang-Mills theory at weak and strong coupling, and study their physical properties. We show that at strong coupling both the stringy and quantum-gravitational corrections to the energy-energy correlation exhibit longitudinal broadening that manifests itself through the presence of long-time tails in the energy flux measured by the detectors.
description: 101 pages, 6 figures, a few typos fixed, an ancillary Mathematica file added
(1123) Joseph Clarkson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary material from Avian malaria-mediated population decline of a widespread iconic bird species
Creators: name: Dadam, Daria
name: Robinson, Robert A.
name: Clements, Anabel
name: Peach, Will J.
name: Bennett, Malcolm
name: J. Marcus Rowcliffe
name: Cunningham, Andrew A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Tables S1, S2, S4 and S5
Electromagnetic Transthoracic Nodule Localization for Minimally Invasive Pulmonary Resection
Creators: name: Petrov, R.
name: Burks, A.C.
name: Belanger, A.
name: Delgado, A.
name: Chambers, D.
name: Rivera, M.P.
name: Akulian, J.
name: Long, J.
name: Haithcock, B.
name: MacRosty, C.
name: Ghosh, S.
Publisher: name: Elsevier USA
Year: 2019

description: Background: Increased use of chest computed tomography and the institution of lung cancer screening have increased the detection of ground-glass and small pulmonary nodules. Intraoperative localization of these lesions via a minimally invasive thoracoscopic approach can be challenging. We present the feasibility of perioperative transthoracic percutaneous nodule localization using a novel electromagnetic navigation platform. Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database of patients who underwent perioperative electromagnetic transthoracic nodule localization before attempted minimally invasive resection between July 2016 and March 2018. Localization was performed using methylene blue or a mixture of methylene blue and the patient's blood (1:1 ratio). Patient, nodule, and procedure characteristics were collected and reported. Results: Thirty-one nodules were resected from 30 patients. Twenty-nine of 31 nodules (94%) were successfully localized. Minimally invasive resection was successful in 93% of patients (28/30); 7% (2/30) required conversion to thoracotomy. The median nodule size was 13 mm (interquartile range 25%-75%, 9.5-15.5), and the median depth from the surface of the visceral pleura to the nodule was 10 mm (interquartile range 25%-75%, 5.0-15.9). Seventy-one percent (22/31) of nodules were malignant. No complications associated with nodule localization were reported. Conclusions: The use of intraoperative electromagnetic transthoracic nodule localization before thoracoscopic resection of small and/or difficult to palpate lung nodules is safe and effective, potentially eliminating the need for direct nodule palpation. Use of this technique aids in minimally invasive localization and resection of small, deep, and/or ground-glass lung nodules.
Exp1.csv;Exp2.csv;Ex31.csv;Exp4.csv;GravityDraftBioLettSupplementary_revision_acceptedChanges.docx from A spontaneous gravity prior: newborn chicks prefer stimuli that move against gravity
Creators: name: Bliss, Larry
name: Vasas, Vera
name: Freeland, Laura
name: Roach, Robyn
name: Ferrè, Elisa Raffaella
name: Versace, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Dataset experiment 1;Dataset experiment 2;Dataset experiment 3;Dataset experiment 4;S1 Extended methods
Analysis of Brownian Motion by Elementary School Students
Creators: name: Miyazaki, Makito
name: Yamazaki, Yosuke
name: Hasegawa, Yamato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To stimulate the intellectual curiosity of elementary school students, we conducted a workshop in distance education aimed at exploring the microscopic world inside a cell. In this workshop, elementary school students motivated to learn more on the subject of science analyzed movies of the Brownian motion of micrometer-sized particles suspended in water, using an open-source software, Tracker. These students then performed two-dimensional(2D)-random walk experiments using a dice game sheet to examine the physical mechanism of Brownian motion. After the workshop, we conducted a questionnaire-based survey. Many participants answered that the contents were difficult but interesting, suggesting that our workshop was very efficient to stimulate the curiosity of motivated students.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, the following article has been accepted to The Physics Teacher
Low Autocorrelation Binary Sequences: Number Theory-based Analysis for Minimum Energy Level, Barker codes
Creators: name: Ukil, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Low autocorrelation binary sequences (LABS) are very important for communication applications. And it is a notoriously difficult computational problem to find binary sequences with low aperiodic autocorrelations. The problem can also be stated in terms of finding binary sequences with minimum energy levels or maximum merit factor defined by M.J.E. Golay, F=N^2/2E, N and E being the sequence length and energy respectively. Conjectured asymptotic value of F is 12.32 for very long sequences. In this paper, a theorem has been proved to show that there are finite number of possible energy levels, spaced at an equal interval of 4, for the binary sequence of a particular length. Two more theorems are proved to derive the theoretical minimum energy level of a binary sequence of even and odd length of N to be N/2, and N-1/2 respectively, making the merit factor equal to N and N^2/N-1 respectively. The derived theoretical minimum energy level successfully explains the case of N =13, for which the merit factor (F =14.083) is higher than the conjectured value. Sequence of lengths 4, 5, 7, 11, 13 are also found to be following the theoretical minimum energy level. These sequences are exactly the Barker sequences which are widely used in direct-sequence spread spectrum and pulse compression radar systems because of their low autocorrelation properties. Further analysis shows physical reasoning in support of the conjecture that Barker sequences exists only when N <= 13 (this has been proven for all odd N).
description: 34 pages
GravityDraftBioLettSupplementary_revision_acceptedChanges.docx from A spontaneous gravity prior: newborn chicks prefer stimuli that move against gravity
Creators: name: Bliss, Larry
name: Vasas, Vera
name: Freeland, Laura
name: Roach, Robyn
name: Ferrè, Elisa Raffaella
name: Versace, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: S1 Extended methods
Supplementary methods and results from Chimpanzees flexibly update working memory contents and show susceptibility to distraction in the self-ordered search task.
Creators: name: Völter, Christoph J.
name: Mundry, Roger
name: Call, Josep
name: Seed, Amanda M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary text file including additional details regarding the methods and analyses, additional results, and result tables of all GLMMs.
Hybrid Optimization Schemes for Quantum Control
Creators: name: Goerz, Michael H.
name: Whaley, K. Birgitta
name: Koch, Christiane P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimal control theory is a powerful tool for solving control problems in quantum mechanics, ranging from the control of chemical reactions to the implementation of gates in a quantum computer. Gradient-based optimization methods are able to find high fidelity controls, but require considerable numerical effort and often yield highly complex solutions. We propose here to employ a two-stage optimization scheme to significantly speed up convergence and achieve simpler controls. The control is initially parametrized using only a few free parameters, such that optimization in this pruned search space can be performed with a simplex method. The result, considered now simply as an arbitrary function on a time grid, is the starting point for further optimization with a gradient-based method that can quickly converge to high fidelities. We illustrate the success of this hybrid technique by optimizing a holonomic phasegate for two superconducting transmon qubits coupled with a shared transmission line resonator, showing that a combination of Nelder-Mead simplex and Krotov's method yields considerably better results than either one of the two methods alone.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Delayed Presentation of Hemothorax and Mediastinal Hematoma Requiring Surgical Intervention After Linear Endobronchial Ultrasound
Creators: name: Burks, A.C.
name: Macrosty, C.R.
name: Haithcock, B.E.
name: Belanger, A.R.
name: Chambers, D.M.
name: Ghosh, S.
name: Long, J.M.
name: Akulian, J.A.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2019

description: A 55-year-old male with coronary artery disease status post drug-eluting stents in 2009, maintained on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with clopidogrel 75 mg daily and aspirin (ASA) 325 mg daily, and an 80 pack-year history of tobacco dependence was referred for evaluation of a right upper lobe lung nodule. No additional risk factors for bleeding were identified. Computed tomography of the chest showed a 29.0 mm spiculated right upper lobe nodule with right hilar and paratracheal lymphadenopathy. Poor functional status excluded him from possible curative intent surgery by previous thoracic surgery consultation.
(1125) Christopher Kemplay
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Information from A biphasic model of lifespan in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans worm
Creators: name: Mulla, Suhayl
name: Ludlam, Adele R.
name: Elragig, Aiman
name: Slack, Cathy
name: Balklava, Zita
name: Stich, Michael
name: Cheong, Alex
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary figures and captions
Incidence and clinical relevance of non-small cell lung cancer lymph node micro-metastasis detected by staging endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration
Creators: name: Rivera, M.P.
name: Burks, A.C.
name: Akulian, J.A.
name: Haithcock, B.E.
name: Belanger, A.R.
name: Long, J.M.
name: Hollyfield, J.
name: Dodd, L.G.
name: Pecot, C.V.
name: Ceppe, A.S.
name: Yacovone, G.
Publisher: name: AME Publishing Company
Year: 2019

description: Background: Approximately twenty percent of lymph node (LN) negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who undergo curative intent surgery have pan-cytokeratin immunohistochemistry (IHC)-detectable occult micro-metastases (MMs) in resected LNs. The presence of the MMs in NSCLC is associated worsened outcomes. As a substantial proportion of NSCLC LN staging is conducted using endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), we sought to determine the frequency of detection of occult MMs in EBUS-TBNA specimens and to evaluate the impact of MMs on progression-free and overall survival. Methods: We performed retrospective IHC staining for pan-cytokeratin of EBUS-TBNA specimens previously deemed negative by a cytopathologist based on conventional hematoxylin and eosin staining. The results were correlated with clinical variables, including survival outcomes. Results: Of 887 patients screened, 44 patients were identified meeting inclusion criteria with sufficient additional tissue for testing. With respect to the time of the EBUS-TBNA procedure, 52% of patients were clinical stage I, 34% clinical stage II, and clinical 14% stage IIIa NSCLC. Three patients (6.8%) were found to have cytokeratin positive MMs. All 3 MMs detected were at N2 LN stations. The presence of MMs was associated with significantly decreased progression-free (median 210 vs. 1,293 days, P=0.0093) and overall survival (median 239 vs. 1,120 days, P=0.0357). Conclusions: Occult LN MMs can be detected in EBUS-TBNA specimens obtained during staging examinations and are associated with poor clinical outcomes. If prospectively confirmed, these results have significant implications for EBUS-TBNA specimen analyses and possibly for the NSCLC staging paradigm.
Evolution of the fine-structure constant in runaway dilaton models
Creators: name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
name: Vielzeuf, P. E.
name: Martinelli, M.
name: Calabrese, E.
name: Pandolfi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the detailed evolution of the fine-structure constant $α$ in the string-inspired runaway dilaton class of models of Damour, Piazza and Veneziano. We provide constraints on this scenario using the most recent $α$ measurements and discuss ways to distinguish it from alternative models for varying $α$. For model parameters which saturate bounds from current observations, the redshift drift signal can differ considerably from that of the canonical $Λ$CDM paradigm at high redshifts. Measurements of this signal by the forthcoming European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT), together with more sensitive $α$ measurements, will thus dramatically constrain these scenarios.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
title: Improved Predictions in Linear Regression Models with Stochastic Linear Constraints
Creators: name: Toutenburg, Helge
name: Shalabh,
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 510

description: In this article, we have considered two families of predictors for the simultaneous prediction of actual and average values of study variable in a linear regression model when a set of stochastic linear constraints binding the regression coefficients is available. These families arise from the method of mixed regression estimation. Performance properties of these families are analyzed when the objective is to predict values outside the sample and within the sample.
(1122) Hannah Clarkson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Tight $L_{\rm p, iso}-E'_{\rm p}-Γ_0$ Correlation of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Liang, En-Wei
name: Lin, Ting-Ting
name: LV, Jing
name: Lu, Ruijing
name: Zhang, Jin
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We select a sample of 34 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) whose $Γ_0$ values are derived with the onset peaks observed in the afterglow lightcurves (except for GRB 060218 whose $Γ_0$ is estimated with its radio data), and investigate the correlations among $Γ_0$, the isotropic peak luminosity ($L_{\rm iso}$), and the peak energy ($E_{\rm p,z}$) of the $νf_ν$ spectrum in the cosmological rest frame. An analysis of pair correlations among these observables well confirms the results reported by the previous papers. More interestingly, a tight correlation among $L_{\rm iso}$, $E_{\rm p,z}$, and $Γ_0$ is found from a multiple regression analysis, which takes the form of $L_{\rm iso} \propto E_{\rm p,z}^{1.34\pm 0.14} Γ_0^{1.32\pm 0.19}$ or $E_{\rm p,z} \propto L_{\rm iso}^{0.55\pm 0.06}Γ_0^{-0.50\pm 0.17}$. Nine other GRBs whose $Γ_0$ are derived via the pair production opacity constraint also follow such a correlation. Excluding GRB 060218, the $L_{\rm iso}-E_{\rm p,z}-Γ_0$ correlation is valid, and it even holds in the jet co-moving frame. However, GRB 060218 deviates the $L^{'}_{\rm iso}-E^{'}_{\rm p}$ relation of typical GRBs in the jet co-moving frame with $3σ$. We argue that the $L_{\rm iso} - E_{\rm p, z} - Γ_0$ correlation may be more physical than the $L_{\rm iso} - E_{\rm p,z}$ correlation, since physically the relationship between the observed $L_{\rm iso}$ and $E_{\rm p,z}$ not only depends on radiation physics, but also depends on the bulk motion of the jet. We explore the possible origins of this correlation and discuss its physical implications for understanding GRB jet composition and radiation mechanism.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Supplementary methods and results from Chimpanzees flexibly update working memory contents and show susceptibility to distraction in the self-ordered search task
Creators: name: Völter, Christoph J.
name: Mundry, Roger
name: Call, Josep
name: Seed, Amanda M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary text file including additional details regarding the methods and analyses, additional results, and result tables of all GLMMs.
A local analysis of the axi-symmetric Navier-Stokes flow near a saddle point and no-slip flat boundary
Creators: name: Hsu, Pen-Yuan
name: Notsu, Hirofumi
name: Yoneda, Tsuyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q30, 35Q31, 76D03, 76D05

description: As one of the violent flow, tornadoes occur in many place of the world. In order to reduce human losses and material damage caused by tornadoes, there are many research methods. One of the effective methods is numerical simulations such as the work in a recent article Ishihara et al. (2011). The swirling structure is significant both in mathematical analysis and the numerical simulations of tornado. In this paper, we try to clarify the swirling structure. More precisely, we do numerical computations on axi-symmetric Navier-Stokes flows with no-slip flat boundary. We compare a hyperbolic flow with swirl and one without swirl and observe that the following phenomenons occur only in the swirl case: The distance between the point providing the maximum velocity magnitude |v| and the z-axis is drastically changing around some time (which we call it turning point). An "increasing velocity phenomenon" occurs near the boundary and the maximum value of |v| is obtained near the axis of symmetry and the boundary when time is close to the turning point.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, We added acknowledgments and appendix. Also we modified several parts to make it more readable
The Persistent Problem of Local/Regional Failure After Surgical Intervention for Early-Stage Lung Cancer
Creators: name: Wang, Y.
name: Kaidar-Person, O.
name: Marks, L.B.
name: Long, J.
name: Deal, A.
name: Haithcock, B.
name: Migliardi, A.
name: Judy, G.D.
Publisher: name: Elsevier USA
Year: 2018

description: Background: The goal of the present study was to estimate the rate of local/regional failure (LRF) after definitive surgical intervention for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), without postoperative radiotherapy, in the era of contemporary imaging and minimally invasive surgical techniques. Methods: Medical records of patients with early-stage NSCLC (pathologic T1-4, N0-1) who underwent lobectomy, sleeve lobectomy, bilobectomy, or pneumonectomy, with or without adjuvant chemotherapy, between 2007 and 2015, were retrospectively reviewed. LRF was defined as recurrence at the ipsilateral lung, bronchial stump, mediastinum, chest wall, or supraclavicular region. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate time to LRF, with patients censored at death, and log-rank tests were used for comparisons. A two-sided p value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Included were 217 patients (median age, 65 years). Preoperative staging with positron emission tomography/computed tomography was performed in 89% of patients, mediastinoscopy was performed in 42%, and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was performed in 51%. At a median follow-up of 36 months (range, 1 to 120 months), the 5-year estimated LRF was 26% (95% confidence interval, 20% to 35%). LRF rates were not significantly different in those with and without staging positron emission tomography/computed tomography (hazard ratio, 1.52; p = 0.43) and those with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus open thoracotomy (hazard ratio, 1.00; p = 0.99). Conclusions: Despite contemporary staging procedures and surgical techniques for early-stage NSCLC, LRF occurs in approximately 1 of 4 patients. The observed rates of LRF are similar to those reported more than a decade ago, suggesting that local/regional control remains a persistent problem. The use of additional local treatments, such as radiotherapy, should be reevaluated to further improve outcomes.
(1119) Kate Taylor
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary images and tables from Seismic air guns damage rock lobster mechanosensory organs and impair righting reflex.
Creators: name: Day, Ryan D.
name: McCauley, Robert D.
name: Fitzgibbon, Quinn P.
name: Hartmann, Klaas
name: Semmens, Jayson M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Images and tables providing additional details on the methods and results of the study