cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Minimal Glider-Gun in a 2D Cellular Automaton
Creators: name: Soto, José Manuel Gómez
name: Wuensche, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To understand the underlying principles of self-organisation and computation in cellular automata, it would be helpful to find the simplest form of the essential ingredients, glider-guns and eaters, because then the dynamics would be easier to interpret. Such minimal components emerge spontaneously in the newly discovered Sayab-rule, a binary 2D cellular automaton with a Moore neighborhood and isotropic dynamics. The Sayab-rule has the smallest glider-gun reported to date, consisting of just four live cells at its minimal phases. We show that the Sayab-rule can implement complex dynamical interactions and the gates required for logical universality.
description: 14 pages, 21 figures
Aislamiento de las personas privadas de la libertad en Colombia y alternativas a la gestión de conflictos al interior de la prisión
Creators: name: Tamayo Arboleda, Fernando León
name: Mora Bautista, María Isabel
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia. Centro de Investigación en Política Criminal
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Presos – Colombia
subject: Prisiones – Aspectos sociales – Colombia
subject: Rehabilitación de delincuentes – Colombia
subject: Aislamiento social – Colombia
subject: Rehabilitación de delincuentes juveniles – Colombia
subject: Justicia restaurativa – Colombia
subject: Prisión
subject: Derecho penitenciario
subject: Aislamiento
subject: Castigo
subject: Prison
subject: Penitentiary law
subject: Solitary confinement
subject: Punishment

description: El presente artículo analiza la viabilidad constitucional del aislamiento al interior de las cárceles en Colombia. Sostenemos que la regulación normativa actual es incompatible con la Constitución por al menos dos razones. En primer lugar, no existe ninguna forma de controlar su imposición y ejecución, lo que implica una contravención en contra al debido proceso. En segundo lugar, los terribles reportes sobre la ejecución material del aislamiento lo hacen contrario al principio de dignidad humana. Como consecuencia, el Estado debería buscar formas menos invasivas y violentas de gestionar los problemas de gobierno al interior de los penales.
description: This paper analyses the constitutional viability of solitary confinement within Colombian prisons. We argue that the current regulation is incompatible with the Constitution for at least two reasons. Firstly, there is no way to control its imposition and execution, which implies a contravention of due process. Secondly, the discouraging reports on the execution of solitary confinement make it contrary to the principle of human dignity. As a consequence, the state should seek less invasive and violent ways of dealing with governance problems inside prisons.
Tree Transduction Tools for Cdec
Creators: name: Matthews, Austin
name: Baltescu, Paul
name: Blunsom, Phil
name: Lavie, Alon
name: Dyer, Chris
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe a collection of open source tools for learning tree-to-string and tree-to-tree transducers and the extensions to the cdec decoder that enable translation with these. Our modular, easy-to-extend tools extract rules from trees or forests aligned to strings and trees subject to different structural constraints. A fast, multithreaded implementation of the Cohn and Blunsom (2009) model for extracting compact tree-to-string rules is also included. The implementation of the tree composition algorithm used by cdec is described, and translation quality and decoding time results are presented. Our experimental results add to the body of evidence suggesting that tree transducers are a compelling option for translation, particularly when decoding speed and translation model size are important.
Superpotentials for Quiver Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Aspinwall, Paul S.
name: Fidkowski, Lukasz M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute superpotentials for quiver gauge theories arising from marginal D-Brane decay on collapsed del Pezzo cycles S in a Calabi-Yau X. This is done using the machinery of A-infinity products in the derived category of coherent sheaves of X, which in turn is related to the derived category of S and quiver path algebras. We confirm that the superpotential is what one might have guessed from analyzing the moduli space, i.e., it is linear in the fields corresponding to the Ext2's of the quiver and that each such Ext2 multiplies a polynomial in Ext1's equal to precisely the relation represented by the Ext2.
description: 25 pages, LaTeX2e, xypic
Electronic supplementary material Evolution of reciprocity with limited payoff memory
Creators: name: Glynatsi, Nikoleta E.
name: McAvoy, Alex
name: Hilbe, Christian
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 490102
subject: Biological mathematics

description: The document provides further details on our methods and derivations, and it contains additional simulation results
Quantum transitions induced by the third cumulant of current fluctuations
Creators: name: Ojanen, T.
name: Heikkila, T. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transitions induced by external current fluctuations on a small probe quantum system. The rates for the transitions between the energy states are calculated using the real-time Keldysh formalism for the density matrix evolution. We especially detail the effects of the third cumulant of current fluctuations inductively coupled to a quantum bit and propose a setup for detecting the frequency-dependent third cumulant through the transitions it induces.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Tree Edit Models for Recognizing Textual Entailments, Paraphrases, and Answers to Questions
Creators: name: Heilman, Michael
name: Smith, Noah A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe tree edit models for representing sequences of tree transformations involving complex reordering phenomena and demonstrate that they offer a simple, intuitive, and effective method for modeling pairs of semantically related sentences. To efficiently extract sequences of edits, we employ a tree kernel as a heuristic in a greedy search routine. We describe a logistic regression model that uses 33 syntactic features of edit sequences to classify the sentence pairs. The approach leads to competitive performance in recognizing textual entailment, paraphrase identification, and answer selection for question answering
Nonadditive disorder problems for some diffusion processes
Creators: name: Gapeev, Pavel
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quickest 'disorder'(change-point) detection
subject: diffusion process
subject: optimal stopping
subject: sufficient statistic
subject: free-boundary problem
subject: smooth-fit and normal-entrance conditions
subject: Itô's formula
subject: 60G40
subject: 62M20
subject: 34K10
subject: 62C10
subject: 62L15
subject: 60J60

description: We study nonadditive Bayesian problems of detecting a change in drift of an observed diffusion process where the cost function of the detection delay has the same structure as in [27] and construct a finite-dimensional Markovian sufficient statistic for that case. We show that when the cost function is linear the optimal stopping time is found as the first time when the a posteriori probability process hits a stochastic boundary depending on the observation process. It is shown that under some nontrivial relationships on the coefficients of the observed diffusion the problem admits a closed form solution. The method of proof is based on embedding the initial problem into a two-dimensional optimal stopping problem and solving the equivalent free-boundary problem by means of the smooth-fit conditions.
Mass and width of the $d'$ resonance in nuclei
Creators: name: Valcarce, A.
name: Fernandez, F.
name: Garcilazo, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated the mass and width of the $d'$ resonance inside nuclei within a nucleon-$Δ$ model by including the self-energy of the $Δ$ in the $NΔ$ propagator. We found that in the nuclear medium the width of the $d'$ is increased by one order of magnitude while its mass changes only by a few MeV. This broadening of the width of the $d'$ resonance embedded in nuclei is consistent with the experimental observations so that the $d'$ can be understood as a $NΔ$ resonance. Thus, given the freedom between either isospin 0 or isospin 2 for the $d'$, our results give weigth to the isospin-2 assignment.
description: 14 pages, RevteX type, 2 eps figures. To be published in Phys. Rev. C (September)
Constructive summation of the (2,2) quasi normal mode from a population of black holes
Creators: name: Costa, C. F. Da Silva
name: Tiwari, S.
name: Klimenko, S.
name: Salemi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasi normal modes (QNMs) associated with gravitational-wave signals from binary black hole (BBH) mergers can provide deep insight into the remnant's properties. Once design sensitivity is achieved, present ground-based gravitational wave interferometers could detect potentially hundreds of BBH signals in the coming years. For most, the ringdown phase will have a very weak signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Signal summation techniques allow information extraction from the weak SNR ringdowns. We propose a method to constructively sum the (2,2) QNM from different BBH signals by synchronizing and rescaling them. The parameter space adopted to test the method is presently limited to mass ratio $q\leq3$, initially non-spinning black holes with face-on orientation. Moreover, since the synchronisation procedure fails for the weakest signals, we select all ringdowns with SNR above 2.6. Under these conditions, we show that for different BBH populations, 40 to 70% of all the potential detections could be used for the summation while still ensuring a summed SNR of $\sim$80% of the maximal achievable SNR (i.e. for ideally synchronized signals).
description: 7 pages, 10 figures
Exact Vlasov-Maxwell equilibria for asymmetric current sheets
Creators: name: Allanson, O.
name: Wilson, F.
name: Neukirch, T.
name: Liu, Y. -H.
name: Hodgson, J. D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NASA Magnetospheric Multiscale mission has made in situ diffusion region and kinetic-scale resolution measurements of asymmetric magnetic reconnection for the first time, in the Earth's magnetopause. The principal theoretical tool currently used to model collisionless asymmetric reconnection is particle-in-cell simulations. Many particle-in-cell simulations of asymmetric collisionless reconnection start from an asymmetric Harris-type magnetic field but with distribution functions that are not exact equilibrium solutions of the Vlasov equation. We present new and exact equilibrium solutions of the Vlasov-Maxwell system that are self-consistent with one-dimensional asymmetric current sheets, with an asymmetric Harris-type magnetic field profile, plus a constant nonzero guide field. The distribution functions can be represented as a combination of four shifted Maxwellian distribution functions. This equilibrium describes a magnetic field configuration with more freedom than the previously known exact solution and has different bulk flow properties.
description: Final Author version. The Open Access Geophysical Review Letters article is at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017GL074168/full
Potential of mean force and the charge reversal of rodlike polyions
Creators: name: Stilck, Jürgen F.
name: Levin, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple model is presented to calculate the potential of mean force between a polyion and a multivalent counterion inside a polyelectrolite solution. We find that under certain conditions the electrostatic interactions can lead to a strong attraction between the polyions and the multivalent counterions, favoring formation of overcharged polyion-counterion complexes. It is found that small concentrations of salt enhance the overcharging, while an excessive amount of salt hinders the charge reversal. The kinetic limitations to overcharging are also examined.
description: To be published in the special issue of Molecular Physics in honor of Prof. Ben Widom
Additional file 1: of Smoking induces coordinated DNA methylation and gene expression changes in adipose tissue with consequences for metabolic health
Creators: name: Tsai, Pei-Chien
name: Glastonbury, Craig
name: Eliot, Melissa
name: Bollepalli, Sailalitha
name: Yet, Idil
name: Castillo-Fernandez, Juan
name: Carnero-Montoro, Elena
name: Hardiman, Thomas
name: Martin, Tiphaine
name: Vickers, Alice
name: Mangino, Massimo
name: Ward, Kirsten
name: Pietiläinen, Kirsi
name: Deloukas, Panos
name: Spector, Tim
name: Viñuela, Ana
name: Loucks, Eric
name: Ollikainen, Miina
name: Kelsey, Karl
name: Small, Kerrin
name: Bell, Jordana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Figure S1. Scatterplot of correlations between EWAS -log10P-values from the linear mixed effect model used in the current study adipose discovery sample (y-axis) and results from Reference-free EWAS approach proposed by Houseman et al. (x-axis) [32]. Figure S2. Smoking cessation and adipose DNA methylation profiles. DNA methylation levels at the 42 smoking-DMS and smoking status in 542 adipose samples. Subject groups include current smoker, subjects who quit smoking within one year, subjects who quit between 1 to 5 years, subjects who quit smoking more than 5 years, and subjects who never smoked. Fourteen CpG sites located in genes with both smoking-DMS and smoking-DES are denoted with asterisks. Figure S3. Smoking cessation and adipose gene expression profiles. Gene expression levels at the 42 smoking-DES and smoking status in 542 adipose samples. Subject groups include current smoker, subjects who quit smoking within one year, subjects who quit between 1 to 5 years, subjects who quit smoking more than 5 years, and subjects who never smoked. Five genes with both smoking-DMS and smoking-DES are denoted with asterisks. Figure S4. Association between DNA methylation levels at the 42 smoking-DMS and future change in visceral fat mass (VFM) in 18 (red solid dots) and 228 subjects (gray hollow dots). Figure S5. Association between gene expression levels at the 42 smoking-DES and future change in visceral fat mass (VFM) in 18 (blue solid dots) and 228 subjects (gray hollow dots). (PDF 1411 kb)
Extreme case of Faraday effect: magnetic splitting of ultrashort laser pulses in plasmas
Creators: name: Weng, Suming
name: Zhao, Qian
name: Sheng, Zhengming
name: Yu, Wei
name: Luan, Shixia
name: Chen, Min
name: Yu, Lule
name: Murakami, Masakatsu
name: Mori, Warren B.
name: Zhang, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Faraday effect, caused by a magnetic-field-induced change in the optical properties, takes place in a vast variety of systems from a single atomic layer of graphenes to huge galaxies. Currently, it plays a pivot role in many applications such as the manipulation of light and the probing of magnetic fields and material's properties. Basically, this effect causes a polarization rotation of light during its propagation along the magnetic field in a medium. Here, we report an extreme case of the Faraday effect where a linearly polarized ultrashort laser pulse splits in time into two circularly polarized pulses of opposite handedness during its propagation in a highly magnetized plasma. This offers a new degree of freedom for manipulating ultrashort and ultrahigh power laser pulses. Together with technologies of ultra-strong magnetic fields, it may pave the way for novel optical devices, such as magnetized plasma polarizers. In addition, it may offer a powerful means to measure strong magnetic fields in laser-produced plasmas.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 4: of Guanxinjing capsule in the treatment of chronic stable angina: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Tian, Ying
name: Zhang, Junhua
name: Zhao, Yingqiang
name: Mao, Jingyuan
name: Zhu, Linping
name: Gao, Rui
name: Wang, Xuemei
name: Zhu, Mingjun
name: Ma, Lihong
name: Zhao, Mengyu
name: Zheng, Wenke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: CSS Functional Classification of Angina. (DOCX 55 kb)
Transliteration by Sequence Labeling with Lattice Encodings and Reranking
Creators: name: Ammar, Waleed
name: Dyer, Chris
name: Smith, Noah A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the task of generating transliterated word forms. To allow for a wide range of interacting features, we use a conditional random field (CRF) sequence labeling model. We then present two innovations: a training objective that optimizes toward any of a set of possible correct labels (since more than one transliteration is often possible for a particular input), and a k-best reranking stage to incorporate nonlocal features. This paper presents results on the Arabic-English transliteration task of the NEWS 2012 workshop.
The Maser-Starburst connection in NGC253
Creators: name: Ellingsen, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC253 is one of the closest starburst galaxies to the Milky Way and as such it has been studied in detail across the electromagnetic spectrum. Recent observations have detected the first extragalactic class I methanol masers at 36 and 44 GHz and the first extragalactic HC$_3$N (cyanoacetylene) masers in this source. Here we discuss the location of the masers with respect to key morphological features within NGC253 and the association between the masers and the ongoing starburst.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in proceedings of IAU Symposium 336 - Astrophysical Masers: Unlocking the Mysteries of the Universe
Additional file 1 of A cross-sectional study addressing the importance of work and other everyday activities for well-being among people with mental illness: does additional vulnerability matter?
Creators: name: Eklund, Lisa
name: Gunnarsson, A. Birgitta
name: Jansson, Jan-Åke
name: Pooremamali, Parvin
name: Eklund, Mona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Background Questionnaire.
Twist-Deformed Supersymmetries in Non-Anticommutative Superspaces
Creators: name: Zupnik, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a quantum group interpretation of the non-anticommutative deformations in Euclidean supersymmetric theories. Twist deformations in the corresponding superspaces and Lie superalgebras are constructed in terms of the left supersymmetry generators. Non-anticommutative $\star$-products of superfields are covariant objects in the twist-deformed supersymmetries, and this covariance guarantees the manifest invariance of superfield actions using $\star$-products.
description: Latex file, 10 pages, minor corrections, two references and a note added, v. 3: conclusions added
Translating into Morphologically Rich Languages with Synthetic Phrases
Creators: name: Chahuneau, Victor
name: Schlinger, Eva
name: Smith, Noah A.
name: Dyer, Chris
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Translation into morphologically rich languages is an important but recalcitrant problem in MT. We present a simple and effective approach that deals with the problem in two phases. First, a discriminative model is learned to predict inflections of target words from rich source-side annotations. Then, this model is used to create additional sentencespecific word- and phrase-level translations that are added to a standard translation model as “synthetic” phrases. Our approach relies on morphological analysis of the target language, but we show that an unsupervised Bayesian model of morphology can successfully be used in place of a supervised analyzer. We report significant improvements in translation quality when translating from English to Russian, Hebrew and Swahili.
Quasiparticles near quantum phase transition in heavy fermion metals
Creators: name: Shaginyan, V. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have shown that the Landau paradigm based upon both the quasiparticle concept and the notion of the order parameter can be used to explain the anomalous behavior of heavy fermion metals. Exploiting this paradigm and the fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT) we show that this anomalous behavior is universal and can be used to capture the essential aspects of recent experiments on the heavy-fermion metals at low temperatures. Behind FCQPT a tunneling conductivity between a heavy fermion metal and a simple metallic point can be noticeably dissymmetrical with respect to the change of voltage bias. We show that at T=0 and beyond FCQPT the Hall coefficient undergoes a jump upon magnetic-field tuning HF metals.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, submitted to the SCES'05
Additional file 1 of Germacrone alleviates neurological deficits following traumatic brain injury by modulating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress
Creators: name: Zhuang, Sujing
name: Liu, Baogui
name: Guo, Shifeng
name: Xue, Yanzhong
name: Wu, Lin
name: Liu, Shiqi
name: Zhang, Chunling
name: Ni, Xiuyan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary materials Original image of Western blot experiment in this study.
Strategic Choices for Educational Crossroads: Investigating the Variables in Parental Decision-Making for International Education
Creators: name: Tanveen Kaur
name: Anjali Mehra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The purpose of this research study is to explore the complex web of reasons that motivate parents to send their children to higher education institutions located in other countries. The study makes use of primary data in order to investigate a wide variety of factors that have an impact on this migration pattern. The objective of this study is to discover and quantify the underlying constructs that play a crucial role in molding parental decisions. This will be accomplished through the utilization of statistical techniques of factor analysis and percentage analysis. The purpose of this study is to disentangle the complex incentives that contribute to the internationalization of higher education. These motivations include optimistic future outlook, Demonstration Effect, Advantaged Foreign Education, Edged Abroad Education and Disadvantaged Indian Education. The findings not only add to the current body of research on the movement of international students, but they also provide educational institutions, governments, and stakeholders who are active in determining the future landscape of higher education around the world with useful insights.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ УЗБЕКСКОГО ЯЗЫКА ПРИ ОБУЧЕНИИ И РЕШЕНИЯ ПРОБЛЕМ
Creators: name: Gafarova, Sh.X.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В данной исследовательской работе оцениваются методы обучения пониманию и выразительному чтению русскоязычных студентов на уроках узбекского языка в высших учебных заведениях. Она исследует существующие методы, используемые учителями, и определяет их эффективность в развитии навыков рецептивного и выразительного чтения.
Strong Pionic Decays From a Spectroscopic Quark Model
Creators: name: Cano, F.
name: González, P.
name: Noguera, S.
name: Desplanques, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From a refined non-relativistic quark model that fits the baryonic low-energy spectrum the study of strong pion decay processes within an elementary emission model scheme points out the need of incorporating size-contributing components into the baryon wave functions. In particular the effect of a (qqq qantiq) component is investigated in the framework of a quark pair creation model.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures (1 postscript file), LaTeX
Two-scale homogenization for evolutionary variational inequalities via the energetic formulation
Creators: name: Mielke, Alexander
name: Timofte, Aida
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Weak two-scale convergence
subject: strong two-scale convergence
subject: two-scale Gamma limit
subject: rate-independent evolution
subject: energetic formulation
subject: elastoplasticity with hardening
subject: 35J85
subject: 49J40
subject: 74C05
subject: 74Q05

description: This paper is devoted to the two-scale homogenization for a class of rate-independent systems described by the energetic formulation or equivalently by an evolutionary variational inequality. In particular, we treat the classical model of linearized elastoplasticity with hardening. The associated nonlinear partial differential inclusion has periodically oscillating coefficients, and the aim is to find a limit problem for the case that the period tends to 0. Our approach is based on the notion of energetic solutions which is phrased in terms of a stability condition and an energy balance of an energy-storage functional and a dissipation functional. Using the recently developed method of weak and strong two-scale convergence via periodic unfolding, we show that these two functionals have a suitable two-scale limit, but now involving the macroscopic variable in the physical domain as well as the microscopic variable in the periodicity cell. Moreover, relying on an abstract theory of Gamma convergence for the energetic formulation using so-called joint recovery sequences it is possible to show that the solutions of the problem with periodicity converge to the energetic solution associated with the limit functionals.
Theory of Anisotropic Hopping Transport due to Spiral Correlations in the Spin-Glass Phase of Underdoped Cuprates
Creators: name: Kotov, Valeri N.
name: Sushkov, Oleg P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the in-plane resistivity anisotropy in the spin-glass phase of the high-$T_{c}$ cuprates, on the basis of holes moving in a spiral spin background. This picture follows from analysis of the extended $t-J$ model with Coulomb impurities. In the variable-range hopping regime the resistivity anisotropy is found to have a maximum value of around 90%, and it decreases with temperature, in excellent agreement with experiments in La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$. In our approach the transport anisotropy is due to the non-collinearity of the spiral spin state, rather than an intrinsic tendency of the charges to self-organize.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; expanded version
Transforming Dependencies into Phrase Structures
Creators: name: Lingpeng  Kong
name: Rush, Alexander M.
name: Smith, Noah A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new algorithm for transforming dependency parse trees into phrase-structure parse trees. We cast the problem as structured prediction and learn a statistical model. Our algorithm is faster than traditional phrasestructure parsing and achieves 90.4% English parsing accuracy and 82.4% Chinese parsing accuracy, near to the state of the art on both benchmarks.
Role of net baryon density on rapidity width of identified particles from the lowest energies available at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron to those at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Hussain, Nur
name: Bhattacharjee, Buddhadeb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Widths of the rapidity distributions of various identified hadrons generated with the UrQMD-3.4 event generator at all the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) energies have been presented and compared with the existing experimental results. An increase in the width of the rapidity distribution of $Λ$ could be seen with both Monte Carlo (MC) and experimental data for the studied energies. Using MC data, the study has been extended to Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies. A similar jump, as observed in the plot of rapidity width versus rest mass at Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) and all SPS energies, persists even at RHIC and LHC energies, confirming its universal nature from AGS to the highest LHC energies. Such observation indicates that pair production may not be the only mechanism of particle production at the highest LHC energies. However, with MC data, the separate mass scaling for mesons and baryons is found to exist even at the top LHC energy.
Additional file 1 of Low socioeconomic status is associated with self-reported HIV positive status among young MSM in Brazil and Peru
Creators: name: Torres, Thiago S.
name: Coelho, Lara E.
name: Konda, Kelika A.
name: Vega-Ramirez, E. Hamid
name: Elorreaga, Oliver A.
name: Diaz-Sosa, Dulce
name: Hoagland, Brenda
name: Pimenta, Cristina
name: Benedetti, Marcos
name: Grinsztejn, Beatriz
name: Caceres, Carlos F.
name: Veloso, Valdilea G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Feeling more neutral? Evaluative conditioning can increase neutral affective reactions
Creators: name: Gasper, Karen
name: Hu, Danfei
name: Haynes, Elise
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: While it is important to learn what is good and bad, can people learn what is neither? The answer to this question is not readily apparent, but it has important implications for how people learn affective responses. Six experiments examined whether evaluative conditioning (EC) can instill neutral affect. They tested four hypotheses: EC, in which novel conditioned stimuli (CSs) are paired with neutral unconditioned stimuli (USs) (1) creates neutral affect, (2) forms stronger experiences of neutrality when the number of contingent CS-US pairings is high rather than low, (3) creates positive affect, due to mere exposure, and (4) forms responses that are distinct from no US pairings. Respondents rated how positive, negative, and neutral they felt about a CS before and after an EC task in which CSs were paired with USs (positive, negative, neutral, or no stimuli). The positive/negative US conditions increased/decreased positivity, decreased/increased negativity, and decreased neutrality ratings, respectively. Supporting hypotheses 1, 2, and 4, the neutral US, but not the no US, condition increased neutral evaluations when respondents experienced a high (vs. low) number of CS-US pairings. Hypothesis 3 was not supported. The results reveal that people learn not only valenced, but also neutral, preferences.
Transformation-based Probabilistic Clustering with Supervision
Creators: name: Siddarth  Gopal
name: Yiming  Yang
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the common problems with clustering is that the generated clusters often do not match user expectations. This paper proposes a novel probabilistic framework that exploits supervised information in a discriminative and transferable manner to generate better clustering of unlabeled data. The supervision is provided by revealing the cluster assignments for some subset of the ground truth clusters and is used to learn a transformation of the data such that labeled instances form well-separated clusters with respect to the given clustering objective. This estimated transformation function enables us to fold the remaining unlabeled data into a space where new clusters hopefully match user expectations. While our framework is general, in this paper, we focus on its application to Gaussian and von MisesFisher mixture models. Extensive testing on 23 data sets across several application domains revealed substantial improvement in performance over competing methods.
Quantum effective potential for U(1) fields on S^2_L X S^2_L
Creators: name: Castro-Villarreal, P.
name: Delgadillo-Blando, R.
name: Ydri, Badis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the one-loop effective potential for noncommutative U(1) gauge fields on S^2_L X S^2_L. We show the existence of a novel phase transition in the model from the 4-dimensional space S^2_L X S^2_L to a matrix phase where the spheres collapse under the effect of quantum fluctuations. It is also shown that the transition to the matrix phase occurs at infinite value of the gauge coupling constant when the mass of the two normal components of the gauge field on S^2_L X S^2_L is sent to infinity.
description: 13 pages. one figure
Cascaded acceleration of proton beams in ultrashort laser-irradiated microtubes
Creators: name: Wang, H. C.
name: Weng, S. M.
name: Murakami, M.
name: Sheng, Z. M.
name: Chen, M.
name: Zhao, Q.
name: Zhang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cascaded ion acceleration scheme is proposed by use of ultrashort laser-irradiated microtubes. When the electrons of a microtube are blown away by intense laser pulses, strong charge-separation electric fields are formed in the microtube both along the axial and along the radial directions. By controlling the time delay between the laser pulses and a pre-accelerated proton beam injected along the microtube axis, we demonstrate that this proton beam can be further accelerated by the transient axial electric field in the laser-irradiated microtube. Moreover, the collimation of the injected proton beam can be enhanced by the inward radial electric field. Numerical simulations show that this cascaded ion acceleration scheme works efficiently even at non-relativistic laser intensities, and it can be applied to injected proton beams in the energy range from 1 to 100 MeV. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for cascading acceleration of protons to higher energy.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 5: of Guanxinjing capsule in the treatment of chronic stable angina: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Tian, Ying
name: Zhang, Junhua
name: Zhao, Yingqiang
name: Mao, Jingyuan
name: Zhu, Linping
name: Gao, Rui
name: Wang, Xuemei
name: Zhu, Mingjun
name: Ma, Lihong
name: Zhao, Mengyu
name: Zheng, Wenke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Model consent form [in Chinese]. (DOCX 20 kb)
Critical fields and fluctuations determined from specific heat and magnetoresistance in the same nanogram SmFeAs(O,F) single crystal
Creators: name: Galeski, Stanislaw
name: Moll, Philip W. J.
name: Zhigadlo, N. D.
name: Mattenberger, Kurt
name: Batlogg, Bertram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through a direct comparison of specific heat and magneto-resistance we critically asses the nature of superconducting fluctuations in the same nano-gram crystal of SmFeAs(O, F). We show that although the superconducting fluctuation contribution to conductivity scales well within the 2D-LLL scheme its predictions contrast the inherently 3D nature of SmFeAs(O, F) in the vicinity T_{c}. Furthermore the transition seen in specific heat cannot be satisfactory described either by the LLL or the XY scaling. Additionally we have validated, through comparing Hc2 values obtained from the entropy conservation construction (Hab=-19.5 T/K and Hab=-2.9 T/K), the analysis of fluctuation contribution to conductivity as a reasonable method for estimating the Hc2 slope.
The discovery of quiescent X-ray emission from SAX J1808.4-3658, the transient 2.5ms pulsar
Creators: name: Stella, L.
name: Campana, S.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Ricci, D.
name: Israel, G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a 20 ks BeppoSAX observation of the transient 2.5 ms X-ray pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 in its quiescent state. A source at a level of ~ 3 x 10^-3 c/s was detected with the BeppoSAX/MECS at a position consistent with that of SAX J1808.4-3658. The inferred 0.5-10 keV luminosity was to that measured from other quiescent low mass X-ray transients hosting an old neutron star. This result is discussed in the light of the propeller and radio pulsar shock emission models for the quiescent emission of these systems.
description: 5 pages plus 1 ps figure. Accepted for publication on ApJ Letters
Tracking the Development of Media Frames within and across Policy Issues
Creators: name: Boydstun, Amber E.
name: Card, Dallas
name: Gross, Justin
name: Resnick, Paul
name: Smith, Noah A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Framing is a central concept in political communication and a powerful political tool. Thus, it is hugely important to understand: a) what frames are used to define specific issues, b) what general patterns are evidenced by the evolution of frames over time, and c) how frames diffuse, or spread, across policy areas and venues. These tasks also pose a serious challenge, thanks to the volume of text data, the dynamic nature of language, and the variance in applicable frames across issues (e.g., the ‘innocence’ frame of the death penalty debate is not used in discussing smoking bans). We describe a project that advances framing research methodology in two ways. First, we present a unified coding scheme for content analysis across issues, whereby issue-specific frames (e.g., innocence) are nested within high-level dimensions (or frame types) that cross-cut issues (e.g., fairness). We call this the “Policy Frames Codebook” with an eye toward doing for frame categorization across issues what the Policy Agendas Codebook has done for issue categorization across agendas. Second, we validate the policy frames coding scheme by applying it to news coverage of three issues—smoking, immigration, and same-sex marriage—in the United States over a twenty-two year period. This pilot dataset is the first cut from a larger data collection effort that will eventually span news coverage of five policy issues over several decades. Using this data, our long-term aim is to identify and assess empirical patterns in which frames tend to get selected across policy debates in the United States, how frames within policy debates tend to evolve, and the conditions under which frames spread from one issue to the next and/or across policy venues (e.g., between states, or from the media to Congress). Toward this aim, we employ strategies heavily informed by existing work in natural language processing, but tailored to the specific needs and professional sensibilities of framing and policy scholars.
The Time-Delay Signature of Quark-Gluon-Plasma Formation in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions
Creators: name: Rischke, Dirk H.
name: Gyulassy, Miklos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hydrodynamic expansion of quark-gluon plasmas with spherical and longitudinally boost-invariant geometries is studied as a function of the initial energy density. The sensitivity of the collective flow pattern to uncertainties in the nuclear matter equation of state is explored. We concentrate on the effect of a possible finite width, $ΔT \sim 0.1 T_c$, of the transition region between quark-gluon plasma and hadronic phase. Although slow deflagration solutions that act to stall the expansion do not exist for $ΔT > 0.08 T_c$, we find, nevertheless, that the equation of state remains sufficiently soft in the transition region to delay the propagation of ordinary rarefaction waves for a considerable time. We compute the dependence of the pion-interferometry correlation function on $ΔT$, since this is the most promising observable for time-delayed expansion. The signature of time delay, proposed by Pratt and Bertsch, is an enhancement of the ratio of the inverse width of the pion correlation function in out-direction to that in side-direction. One of our main results is that this generic signature of quark-gluon plasma formation is rather robust to the uncertainties in the width of the transition region. Furthermore, for longitudinal boost-invariant geometries, the signal is likely to be maximized around RHIC energies, $\sqrt{s} \sim 200$ AGeV.
description: 27 pages, 18 figures
Aphis viminalis Hartig 1841
Creators: name: Brunet, Bryan M. T.
name: Raupach, Michael J.
name: Rehage, Heinz-Otto
name: Havill, Nathan P.
name: Foottit, Robert G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Aphis
Aphis viminalis

description: Aphis viminalis Hartig, 1841
 Aphis viminalis Hartig, 1841: 369. HOLOTYPE: (327 [7.03]), Salix.
 Aphis viminalis Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841 (senior primary homonym— Hottes, 1930a: 184).
 Pterocomma salicis salicis (Linnaeus, 1758) (senior synonym—Börner, 1952: 67, “ P. (C.) salicis). Valid
 Specimens. A single pinned alate (327) collected from willow in Kirchhof, Germany, on June 10, 1837.
 Remarks. The specimen appears to lack the large, swollen and brightly coloured siphunculi characteristic of this species. Interestingly, Hartig (1841) also did not mention this distinctive character in his description. The current synonymy with Pterocomma salicis (Linnaeus, 1758) was proposed by Börner (1952) without justification. Thus, given that he was unlikely to have seen Hartig’s type material the synonymy may be incorrect. The name Aphis viminalis Hartig, 1841 is also in conflict with Aphis viminalis Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841 [= Tuberolachnus salignus (Gmelin, 1789)]. Since the date of publication of Hartig (1841) cannot be reliably placed it is considered to be published on December 31, 1841 (Article 21.3.2). Boyer de Fonscolombe’s name, however, was published on March 17, 1841, and therefore has priority. A replacement name may be necessary for A. viminalis Hartig if its synonymy with P. salicis is not supported since there are no other available synonyms.
description: Published as part of Brunet, Bryan M. T., Raupach, Michael J., Rehage, Heinz-Otto, Havill, Nathan P. & Foottit, Robert G., 2023, Discovery of the primary aphid (Hemiptera: Aphidomorpha) and scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) type specimens from the collection of Theodor Hartig (1805 - 1880), pp. 89-116 in Zootaxa 5369 (1) on pages 100-101, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5369.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/10144745
Towards Speaker Adaptive Training of Deep Neural Network Acoustic Models
Creators: name: Yajie  Miao
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Metze, Florian
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the concept of speaker adaptive training (SAT) in the context of deep neural network (DNN) acoustic models. Previous studies have shown success of performing speaker adaptation for DNNs in speech recognition. In this paper, we apply SAT to DNNs by learning two types of feature mapping neural networks. Given an initial DNN model, these networks take speaker i-vectors as additional information and project DNN inputs into a speaker-normalized space. The final SAT model is obtained by updating the canonical DNN in the normalized feature space. Experiments on a Switchboard 110- hour setup show that compared with the baseline DNN, the SAT-DNN model brings 7.5% and 6.0% relative improvement when DNN inputs are speaker-independent and speakeradapted features respectively. Further evaluations on the more challenging BABEL datasets reveal significant word error rate reduction achieved by SAT-DNN.