cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Contacting a single nanometer-sized pinhole in the interfacial oxide of a poly-silicon on oxide (POLO) solar cell junction
Creators: name: Bayerl, Paul
name: Folchert, Nils
name: Bayer, Johannes
name: Dzinnik, Marvin
name: Hollemann, Christina
name: Brendel, Rolf
name: Peibst, Robby
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: Chichester : Wiley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: pinhole transport
subject: POLO junction
subject: record energy conversion efficiency
subject: silicon solar cell
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::690 | Hausbau, Bauhandwerk

description: The electrical current through poly-Si on oxide (POLO) solar cells is mediated by tunneling and by nanometer-sized pinholes in the interfacial oxide. To distinguish the two processes, a POLO junction with a measured pinhole density of 1 × 107 cm−2 is contacted by different contact areas ranging from 1 μm2 to 2.5 × 105 μm2, and the temperature-dependent current–voltage curves are measured for the different devices. Model regressions to the measured curves, their temperature dependence, and the quantized value of contact resistances indicate average numbers of pinholes per device corresponding to the expected pinhole density. For the small contacts, the different transport processes can be studied separately, which facilitates further improvements in respect to the present-day POLO junctions. Single-pinhole transport is found for one of the contacts with an area of 1 μm2. Random telegraph noise observed for this device in the current–voltage characteristics shows a high sensitivity to single charges.
Targeted adjustment of residual stresses in hot-formed components by means of process design based on finite element simulation
Creators: name: Behrens, B.‐A.
name: Brunotte, K.
name: Wester, H.
name: Kock, C.
Publisher: name: Heidelberg [u.a.] : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FE-based process design
subject: Hot forming
subject: Residual stresses
subject: Tailored cooling
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::690 | Hausbau, Bauhandwerk

description: The aim of this work is to generate an advantageous compressive residual stress distribution in the surface area of hot-formed components by intelligent process control with tailored cooling. Adapted cooling is achieved by partial or temporal instationary exposure of the specimens to a water–air spray. In this way, macroscopic effects such as local plastification caused by inhomogeneous strains due to thermal and transformation-induced loads can be controlled in order to finally customise the surface-near residual stress distribution. Applications for hot-formed components often require special microstructural properties, which guarantee a certain hardness or ductility. For this reason, the scientific challenge of this work is to generate different residual stress distributions on components surfaces, while the geometric as well as microstructural properties of AISI 52100 alloy stay the same. The changes in the residual stresses should therefore not result from the mentioned changed component properties, but solely from the targeted process control. Within the scope of preliminary experimental studies, tensile residual stresses in a martensitic microstructure were determined on reference components, which had undergone a simple cooling in water (from the forming heat), or low compressive stresses in pearlitic microstructures were determined after simple cooling in atmospheric air. Numerical studies are used to design two tailored cooling strategies capable of generating compressive stresses in the same components. The developed processes with tailored cooling are experimentally realised, and their properties are compared to those of components manufactured involving simple cooling. Based on the numerical and experimental analyses, this work demonstrates that it is possible to influence and even invert the sign of the residual stresses within a component by controlling the macroscopic effects mentioned above.
The treatment of error in oral work
Creators: Fanselow, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1977
Subjects: English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers
Observation (Educational method)
Language teachers--Training of
Teaching--Methodology

description: In 1976, I started participating in Brown Bag Lunches hosted by Arno Bellack at Teachers College, Columbia University focused on classroom observation. Arno and his colleagues had recently published The Language of The Classroom . They showed that social studies teachers who had been recorded teaching a speech by John F. Kennedy on trade focused on very different sections of the speech but that the questions they asked were very similar. They focused on fact questions. The participants in the Brown Bag Lunches asked the Dean to provide money to support junior faculty who wanted to analyze classroom interaction. I applied for a grant and was given money to purchase video tapes so I could record classes. I submitted my findings to Foreign Language Annals. They were published in 1977, a year after I started my research.“ Foreign Language Annals. Vol. X, No. 5.
First-Principles Multiscale Modeling of Mechanical Properties in Graphene/Borophene Heterostructures Empowered by Machine-Learning Interatomic Potentials
Creators: name: Mortazavi, Bohayra
name: Silani, Mohammad
name: Podryabinkin, Evgeny V.
name: Rabczuk, Timon
name: Zhuang, Xiaoying
name: Shapeev, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: Weinheim : VCH Verl.-Ges.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: first-principles calculations
subject: machine learning
subject: mechanical/failure response
subject: multiscale modeling
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::660 | Technische Chemie

description: Density functional theory calculations are robust tools to explore the mechanical properties of pristine structures at their ground state but become exceedingly expensive for large systems at finite temperatures. Classical molecular dynamics (CMD) simulations offer the possibility to study larger systems at elevated temperatures, but they require accurate interatomic potentials. Herein the authors propose the concept of first-principles multiscale modeling of mechanical properties, where ab initio level of accuracy is hierarchically bridged to explore the mechanical/failure response of macroscopic systems. It is demonstrated that machine-learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) fitted to ab initio datasets play a pivotal role in achieving this goal. To practically illustrate this novel possibility, the mechanical/failure response of graphene/borophene coplanar heterostructures is examined. It is shown that MLIPs conveniently outperform popular CMD models for graphene and borophene and they can evaluate the mechanical properties of pristine and heterostructure phases at room temperature. Based on the information provided by the MLIP-based CMD, continuum models of heterostructures using the finite element method can be constructed. The study highlights that MLIPs were the missing block for conducting first-principles multiscale modeling, and their employment empowers a straightforward route to bridge ab initio level accuracy and flexibility to explore the mechanical/failure response of nanostructures at continuum scale.
IRRIGATION AT WOBURN - VII, Rothamsted Experimental Station Report for 1970 - Part 2
Creators: name: H. L. PENMAN
Publisher: name: Lawes Agricultural Trust
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: rothamsted research
subject: woburn experimental farm
subject: irrigation

description: Scanned PDF of IRRIGATION AT WOBURN - VII, part of Rothamsted Experimental Station Report for 1970 - Part 2
Continuous dynamical decoupling of a single diamond nitrogen-vacancy center spin with a mechanical resonator
Creators: name: MacQuarrie, E. R.
name: Gosavi, T. A.
name: Bhave, S. A.
name: Fuchs, G. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inhomogeneous dephasing from uncontrolled environmental noise can limit the coherence of a quantum sensor or qubit. For solid state spin qubits such as the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond, a dominant source of environmental noise is magnetic field fluctuations due to nearby paramagnetic impurities and instabilities in a magnetic bias field. In this work, we use ac stress generated by a diamond mechanical resonator to engineer a dressed spin basis in which a single NV center qubit is less sensitive to its magnetic environment. For a qubit in the thermally isolated subspace of this protected basis, we prolong the dephasing time $T_2^*$ from $2.7\pm0.1$ $μ$s to $15\pm1$ $μ$s by dressing with a $Ω=581\pm2$ kHz mechanical Rabi field. Furthermore, we develop a model that quantitatively predicts the relationship between $Ω$ and $T_2^*$ in the dressed basis. Our model suggests that a combination of magnetic field fluctuations and hyperfine coupling to nearby nuclear spins limits the protected coherence time over the range of $Ω$ accessed here. We show that amplitude noise in $Ω$ will dominate the dephasing for larger driving fields.
MANAGEMENT OF HONEYBEE COLONIES FOR CROP Pollination, Rothamsted Experimental Station Report for 1970 - Part 2
Creators: name: J. B. FREE
Publisher: name: Lawes Agricultural Trust
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: rothamsted research
subject: apiculture
subject: pollination

description: Scanned PDF of MANAGEMENT OF HONEYBEE COLONIES FOR CROP Pollination, part of Rothamsted Experimental Station Report for 1970 - Part 2
Nanosecond Pulse Shaping with Fiber-Based Electro-Optical Modulators and a Double-Pass Tapered Amplifier
Creators: name: Rogers, Charles E.
name: Gould, Phillip L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a system for generating frequency-chirped and amplitude-shaped pulses on time scales from sub-nanosecond to ten nanoseconds. The system starts with cw diode-laser light at 780 nm and utilizes fiber-based electro-optical phase and intensity modulators, driven by an arbitrary waveform generator, to generate the shaped pulses. These pulses are subsequently amplified to several hundred mW with a tapered amplifier in a delayed double-pass configuration. Frequency chirps up to 5 GHz in 2 ns and pulse widths as short as 0.15 ns have been realized.
A Compressed Sensing Based Decomposition of Electrodermal Activity Signals
Creators: name: Jain, Swayambhoo
name: Oswal, Urvashi
name: Xu, Kevin S.
name: Eriksson, Brian
name: Haupt, Jarvis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The measurement and analysis of Electrodermal Activity (EDA) offers applications in diverse areas ranging from market research, to seizure detection, to human stress analysis. Unfortunately, the analysis of EDA signals is made difficult by the superposition of numerous components which can obscure the signal information related to a user's response to a stimulus. We show how simple pre-processing followed by a novel compressed sensing based decomposition can mitigate the effects of the undesired noise components and help reveal the underlying physiological signal. The proposed framework allows for decomposition of EDA signals with provable bounds on the recovery of user responses. We test our procedure on both synthetic and real-world EDA signals from wearable sensors and demonstrate that our approach allows for more accurate recovery of user responses as compared to the existing techniques.
description: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
DOCKING DISORDER AND ROOT ECTOPARASITIC NEMATODES OF SUGAR BEET, Rothamsted Experimental Station Report for 1970 - Part 2
Creators: name: A. G. WHITEHEAD, R. A. DUNNING
Publisher: name: Lawes Agricultural Trust
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: rothamsted research
subject: apiculture
subject: sugarbeet
subject: nematodes

description: Scanned PDF of DOCKING DISORDER AND ROOT ECTOPARASITIC NEMATODES OF SUGAR BEET, part of Rothamsted Experimental Station Report for 1970 - Part 2
Hydrogen recombination in the early Universe in the presence of a magnetic field
Creators: name: Agasian, N. O.
name: Fedorov, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen recombination in the early Universe in the presence of a magnetic field is studied. An equation for the temperature of recombination in the presence of a magnetic field is derived. Limiting cases of weak and strong fields are considered. It is demonstrated that there exists a critical magnetic field, above which the system stays in the phase of atomic hydrogen for all temperatures. The relative shift of the temperature of recombination in the presence of a magnetic field is estimated and it is demonstrated that this shift is small.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Prognosis and therapy in the Hippocratic Corpus
Creators: name: Alexandre, Derick Napoleon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: This paper will examine the interdependence of prognosis and therapy in key texts of the Hippocratic Corpus. I argue that, contrary to prevailing scholarly opinions, prognosis possessed great medical significance, for it helped to determine the kairos, or the right moment to apply specific treatments before the patient's condition declines. I consider both the "Coan" and "Cnidian" writings, showing the fundamental coherence of the medical approaches represented in them. The analysis of the relationship between prognosis and therapy bears particular fruit in the nosological treatises. In these we can detect an evolution from prognoses based on pathology alone to prognoses rooted in confidence about the immediate or long-term effectiveness of the prescribed therapies.
Prediction, dynamics, and visualization of antigenic phenotypes of seasonal influenza viruses
Creators: name: Neher, Richard A.
name: Bedford, Trevor
name: Daniels, Rodney S.
name: Russell, Colin A.
name: Shraiman, Boris I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Human seasonal influenza viruses evolve rapidly, enabling the virus population to evade immunity and re-infect previously infected individuals. Antigenic properties are largely determined by the surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) and amino acid substitutions at exposed epitope sites in HA mediate loss of recognition by antibodies. Here, we show that antigenic differences measured through serological assay data are well described by a sum of antigenic changes along the path connecting viruses in a phylogenetic tree. This mapping onto the tree allows prediction of antigenicity from HA sequence data alone. The mapping can further be used to make predictions about the makeup of the future seasonal influenza virus population, and we compare predictions between models with serological and sequence data. To make timely model output readily available, we developed a web browser based application that visualizes antigenic data on a continuously updated phylogeny.
description: visualization available at http://HI.nextflu.org
Observation of genuine one-way Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering
Creators: name: Wollmann, Sabine
name: Walk, Nathan
name: Bennet, Adam J.
name: Wiseman, Howard M.
name: Pryde, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the hierarchy of inseparable quantum correlations, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering is distinguished from both entanglement and Bell nonlocality by its asymmetry -- there exist conditions where the steering phenomenon changes from being observable to not observable, simply by exchanging the role of the two measuring parties. Whilst this one-way steering feature has been previously demonstrated for the restricted class of Gaussian measurements, for the general case of positive-operator-valued measures even its theoretical existence has only recently been settled. Here, we prove, and then experimentally observe, the one-way steerability of an experimentally practical class of entangled states in this general setting. As well as its foundational significance, the demonstration of fundamentally asymmetric nonlocality also has practical implications for the distribution of the trust in quantum communication networks.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Halide Post-Perovskite 3-Cyanopyridinium Lead Tribromide for Optoelectronic Applications
Creators: name: Selivanov, Nikita I.
name: Samsonova, Anna Yu.
name: Kevorkyants, Ruslan
name: Krauklis, Irina V.
name: Chizhov, Yuri V.
name: Stroganov, Boris V.
name: Triantafyllou‐Rundell, Marios E.
name: Bahnemann, Detlef W.
name: Stoumpos, Constantinos C.
name: Emeline, Alexei V.
name: Kapitonov, Yury V.
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: halide perovskites
subject: post-perovskites
subject: quantum wells
subject: semiconductors
subject: single crystals
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: 2D halide perovskite-like semiconductors are attractive materials for various optoelectronic applications, from photovoltaics to lasing. To date, the most studied families of such low-dimensional halide perovskite-like compounds are Ruddlesden–Popper, Dion–Jacobson, and other phases that can be derived from 3D halide perovskites by slicing along different crystallographic directions, which leads to the spatially isotropic corner-sharing connectivity type of metal-halide octahedra in the 2D layer plane. In this work, a new family of hybrid organic–inorganic 2D lead halides is introduced, by reporting the first example of the hybrid organic–inorganic post-perovskite 3-cyanopyridinium lead tribromide (3cp)PbBr3. The post-perovskite structure has unique octahedra connectivity type in the layer plane: a typical “perovskite-like” corner-sharing connectivity pattern in one direction, and the rare edge-sharing connectivity pattern in the other. Such connectivity leads to significant anisotropy in the material properties within the inorganic layer plane. Moreover, the dense organic cation packing results in the formation of 1D fully organic bands in the electronic structure, offering the prospects of the involvement of the organic subsystem into material's optoelectronic properties. The (3cp)PbBr3 clearly shows the 2D quantum size effect with a bandgap around 3.2 eV and typical broadband self-trapped excitonic photoluminescence at temperatures below 200 K.
A quantitative theory for the continuity equation
Creators: name: Seis, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we provide stability estimates for the continuity equation with Sobolev vector fields. The results are inferred from contraction estimates for certain logarithmic Kantorovich--Rubinstein distances. As a by-product, we obtain a new proof of uniqueness in the DiPerna--Lions setting. The novelty in the proof lies in the fact that it is not based on the theory of renormalized solutions.
description: Final version, includes optimality result. Accepted for publication in Annales IHP
title: Реконструкция очистных сооружений канализации. Часть 2
title: Учебное пособие
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Цветкова О.П.
Publisher: name: Новосибирский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет (Сибстрин)
Year: 2008

description: Пособие является продолжением ранее вышедшей 1 части. В пособии кратко изложены основные направления реконструкции и интенсификации сооружений биологической очистки, доочистки от взвешенных веществ и биогенных элементов. Описаны конструктивные схемы переоборудования отдельных сооружений. Пособие предназначено для студентов специальности 270112 «Водоснабжение и водоотведение» всех форм обучения. По объему и содержанию предлагаемой информации данное пособие соответствует учебной программе.
description: The tutorial is a continuation of the previously published part 1. The manual outlined the main directions of reconstruction and intensification of biological purification, purification from suspended solids and nutrients. Describes the construction scheme of conversion of individual buildings. The textbook is intended for students of specialty 270112 "Water supply and Sewerage" all forms of education. The scope and content of the information provided in this guide corresponds to curriculum.
Power Consumption of Virtualization Technologies: an Empirical Investigation
Creators: name: Morabito, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Virtualization is growing rapidly as a result of the increasing number of alternative solutions in this area, and of the wide range of application field. Until now, hypervisor-based virtualization has been the de facto solution to perform server virtualization. Recently, container-based virtualization - an alternative to hypervisors - has gained more attention because of lightweight characteristics, attracting cloud providers that have already made use of it to deliver their services. However, a gap in the existing research on containers exists in the area of power consumption. This paper presents the results of a performance comparison in terms of power consumption of four different virtualization technologies: KVM and Xen, which are based on hypervisor virtualization, Docker and LXC which are based on container virtualization. The aim of this empirical investigation, carried out by means of a testbed, is to understand how these technologies react to particular workloads. Our initial results show how, despite of the number of virtual entities running, both kinds of virtualization alternatives behave similarly in idle state and in CPU/Memory stress test. Contrarily, the results on network performance show differences between the two technologies.
description: Accepted to the IEEE/ACM UCC 2015 (SD3C Workshop) - IEEE Copyright
l-adic properties of partition functions
Creators: name: Belmont, Eva
name: Lee, Holden
name: Musat, Alexandra
name: Trebat-Leder, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P83, 11F33, 11F37

description: Folsom, Kent, and Ono used the theory of modular forms modulo $\ell$ to establish remarkable ``self-similarity'' properties of the partition function and give an overarching explanation of many partition congruences. We generalize their work to analyze powers $p_r$ of the partition function as well as Andrews's spt-function. By showing that certain generating functions reside in a small space made up of reductions of modular forms, we set up a general framework for congruences for $p_r$ and spt on arithmetic progressions of the form $\ell^mn+δ$ modulo powers of $\ell$. Our work gives a conceptual explanation of the exceptional congruences of $p_r$ observed by Boylan, as well as striking congruences of spt modulo 5, 7, and 13 recently discovered by Andrews and Garvan.
description: 28 pages
Chimera states in Star Networks
Creators: name: Meena, Chandrakala
name: Murali, K.
name: Sinha, Sudeshna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider star networks of chaotic oscillators, with all end-nodes connected only to the central hub node, under diffusive coupling, conjugate coupling and mean-field type coupling. We observe the existence of chimeras in the end-nodes, which are identical in terms of the coupling environment and dynamical equations. Namely, the symmetry of the end-nodes is broken and co-existing groups with different synchronization features and attractor geometries emerge. Surprisingly, such chimera states are very wide-spread in this network topology, and large parameter regimes of moderate coupling strengths evolve to chimera states from generic random initial conditions. Further, we verify the robustness of these chimera states in analog circuit experiments. Thus it is evident that star networks provide a promising class of coupled systems, in natural or human-engineered contexts, where chimeras are prevalent.
Role of Notch Signaling in Regulating Pericyte Contribution to Brown Adipose Tissue Development
Creators: name: Shi, Zuoxiao
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: De novo brown adipogenesis holds potential in combating the epidemic of obesity and diabetes. However, the identity of brown adipocyte progenitor cells (APCs) and their regulation have not been extensively studied. Here through in vivo lineage tracing, we found that PDGFRβ+ pericytes give rise to developmental but not adult brown adipocytes. In contrast, Tbx18+ pericytes contribute to brown adipogenesis during development and the adult stage in a depot-specific mode. Mechanistically, Notch inhibition in PDGFRβ+ pericytes promotes brown adipogenesis through the downregulation of Pdgfrβ. Furthermore, inhibition of Notch signaling in PDGFRβ+ pericytes mitigates HFHS-induced glucose and metabolic impairment in both developmental and adult stages. Finally, Notch signaling regulates developmental beige adipogenesis through promoting beige APC differentiation whereas it regulates adult cold-induced beige adipogenesis through regulating pericyte secretome. Collectively, these findings show that Notch/PDGFRβ axis regulates developmental brown adipogenesis, and its repression promotes brown adipose tissue expansion and improves metabolic health.
Working Memory Training as an Aid in the Treatment of Addictive Disorders: Systematic Review Protocol
Creators: name: Rudner, Trinity
name: Larmuth, Kate
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: addictive disorders
subject: intervention
subject: Substance Addiction
subject: Working memory
subject: Working memory training

description: Protocol for a Systematic Review of the literature looking at the effects of a working memory training intervention on those suffering from substance addictive disorders
Early Oxidative Transformations During the Biosynthesis of Terrein and Related Natural Products
Creators: name: Kahlert, Lukas
name: Bernardi, Darlon
name: Hauser, Maurice
name: Ióca, Laura P.
name: Berlinck, Roberto G. S.
name: Skellam, Elizabeth J.
name: Cox, Russell J.
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 6-hydroxymellein
subject: cryptosporiopsin
subject: flavin-dependent monooxygenase
subject: oxidative decarboxylation
subject: terrein
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::660 | Technische Chemie

description: The mycotoxin terrein is derived from the C10-precursor 6-hydroxymellein (6-HM) via an oxidative ring contraction. Although the corresponding biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) has been identified, details of the enzymatic oxidative transformations are lacking. Combining heterologous expression and in vitro studies we show that the flavin-dependent monooxygenase (FMO) TerC catalyzes the initial oxidative decarboxylation of 6-HM. The reactive intermediate is further hydroxylated by the second FMO TerD to yield a highly oxygenated aromatic species, but further reconstitution of the pathway was hampered. A related BGC was identified in the marine-derived Roussoella sp. DLM33 and confirmed by heterologous expression. These studies demonstrate that the biosynthetic pathways of terrein and related (polychlorinated) congeners diverge after oxidative decarboxylation of the lactone precursor that is catalyzed by a conserved FMO and further indicate that early dehydration of the side chain is an essential step.
Resource-efficient measurement device independent entanglement witness
Creators: name: Verbanis, E.
name: Martin, A.
name: Rosset, D.
name: Lim, C. C. W.
name: Thew, R. T.
name: Zbinden, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imperfections in experimental measurement schemes can lead to falsely identifying, or over estimating, entanglement in a quantum system. A recent solution to this is to define schemes that are robust to measurement imperfections - measurement device independent entanglement witness (MDI-EW). Here we introduce a novel approach for MDI-EW, which significantly reduces the experimental complexity and is applicable to a wide range of physical systems. The scheme requires no prior description of the state, is detection loop-hole free, robust to classical communication, and works for all entangled qubit states. We focus on photonic entanglement, experimentally generating and testing bipartite Werner states, varying the entanglement from the maximally entangled Bell state, past the bound for nonlocal states and down to the separable bound of 1/3. We witness entanglement down to an entangled state fraction close to 0.4. These results could be of particular interest for device independent quantum random number generation.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Discrepancy in exchangeable and soluble ammonium-induced effects on aerobic methane oxidation: a microcosm study of a paddy soil
Creators: name: Van Dijk, Hester
name: Kaupper, Thomas
name: Bothe, Clemens
name: Lee, Hyo Jung
name: Bodelier, Paul L. E.
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Ho, Adrian
Publisher: name: Heidelberg [u.a.] : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ammonium-based fertilization
subject: Methanotroph
subject: Methylosarcina
subject: pmoA
subject: Wetland agriculture
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::640 | Hauswirtschaft und Familienleben
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Ammonium-induced stimulatory, inhibitory, and/or neutral effects on soil methane oxidation have been attributable to the ammonium concentration and mineral forms, confounded by other edaphic properties (e.g., pH, salinity), as well as the site-specific composition of the methanotrophic community. We hypothesize that this inconsistency may stem from the discrepancy in the cation adsorption capacity of the soil. We postulate that the effects of ammonium on the methanotrophic activity in soil are more accurately portrayed by relating methane uptake rates to the soluble ammonium (bioavailable), rather than the exchangeable (total) ammonium. To reduce adsorption (exchangeable) sites for ammonium in a paddy soil, two successive pre-incubation steps were introduced resulting in a 1000-fold soil dilution (soil enrichment), to be compared to a soil slurry (tenfold dilution) incubation. Ammonium was supplemented as NH4Cl at 0.5–4.75gL−1 after pre-incubation. While NH4Cl significantly stimulated the methanotrophic activity at all concentrations in the soil slurry incubation, methane uptake showed a dose-dependent effect in the soil enrichment. The trend in methane uptake could be explained by the soluble ammonium concentration, which was proportionate to the supplemented ammonium in the soil enrichment. In the soil slurry incubation, a fraction (36–63%) of the supplemented ammonium was determined to be adsorbed to the soil. Accordingly, Methylosarcina was found to predominate the methanotrophic community after the incubation, suggesting the relevance of this methanotroph at elevated ammonium levels (< 3.25gL−1 NH4Cl). Collectively, our results showed that the soluble, rather than the exchangeable ammonium concentration, is relevant when determining the effects of ammonium on methane oxidation, but this does not exclude other (a)biotic factors concurrently influencing methanotrophic activity.
Control-Flow Integrity: Precision, Security, and Performance
Creators: name: Burow, Nathan
name: Carr, Scott A.
name: Nash, Joseph
name: Larsen, Per
name: Franz, Michael
name: Brunthaler, Stefan
name: Payer, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Memory corruption errors in C/C++ programs remain the most common source of security vulnerabilities in today's systems. Control-flow hijacking attacks exploit memory corruption vulnerabilities to divert program execution away from the intended control flow. Researchers have spent more than a decade studying and refining defenses based on Control-Flow Integrity (CFI), and this technique is now integrated into several production compilers. However, so far no study has systematically compared the various proposed CFI mechanisms, nor is there any protocol on how to compare such mechanisms. We compare a broad range of CFI mechanisms using a unified nomenclature based on (i) a qualitative discussion of the conceptual security guarantees, (ii) a quantitative security evaluation, and (iii) an empirical evaluation of their performance in the same test environment. For each mechanism, we evaluate (i) protected types of control-flow transfers, (ii) the precision of the protection for forward and backward edges. For open-source compiler-based implementations, we additionally evaluate (iii) the generated equivalence classes and target sets, and (iv) the runtime performance.
description: Version submitted to ACM CSUR 01/27/17
Scalable Ontological EAI and e-Business Integration
Creators: name: Lemcke, Jens
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2010
Subjects: data integration
business process integration
frequent itemset mining
model-driven software development
semantic Web services

description: Integration of enterprise applications (EAI) and e-business integration are time-consuming and expensive. This thesis proposes pattern mining to determine identical object classes. Processes are integrated based on declared integration goals and known software behavior. A model-driven approach ensures consistent use of behavioral knowledge from development in integration. The contributions were applied to the CCTS Modeler Warp 10 and SAP NetWeaver CE (composition environment) developed at SAP.
Automated Features (Survey Study)
Creators: name: Chen, Cheng
name: Lee, Sangwook
name: Sundar, S.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Communication
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Communication Technology and New Media
subject: automated features
subject: gratifications

description: The goal of this survey study is to explore the factor structure of a pool of gratification items generated from our prior focus group studies.
Replication of Happy to Help -- Zhao, X., Epley, N. (2022) at BYU-I Winter 2023
Creators: name: Theisen, Therese
name: Wilde, Madisyn
name: Wiggins, Bradford J.
name: Josephson, Spencer
name: Theisen, Rita
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The original authors were interested to see if those that needed help underperceived the willigness that others would have in helping them. The authors were also interested to see if those needing help felt they were causing inconvenience to others.
Regular and singular Fermi liquid in triple quantum dots: Coherent transport studies
Creators: name: Tooski, S. B.
name: Bulka, B. R.
name: Ramsak, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A system of three coupled quantum dots in a triangular geometry (TQD) with electron-electron interaction and symmetrically coupled to two leads is analyzed with respect to the electron transport by means of the numerical renormalization group. Varying gate potentials this system exhibits extremely rich range of regimes with different many-electron states with various local spin orderings. It is demonstrated how the Luttinger phase changes in a controlled manner which then via the Friedel sum rule formula exactly reproduces the conductance through the TQD system. The analysis of the uncoupled TQD molecule from the leads gives a reliable qualitative understanding of various relevant regimes and gives an insight into the phase diagram with the regular Fermi liquid and singular-Fermi liquid phases.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Spatial Extent of Fluorescence Quenching in Mixed Semiconductor–Metal Nanoparticle Gel Networks
Creators: name: Rosebrock, Marina
name: Zámbó, Dániel
name: Rusch, Pascal
name: Pluta, Denis
name: Steinbach, Frank
name: Bessel, Patrick
name: Schlosser, Anja
name: Feldhoff, Armin
name: Hindricks, Karen D. J.
name: Behrens, Peter
name: Dorfs, Dirk
name: Bigall, Nadja C.
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: aerogels
subject: hydrogels
subject: mixing
subject: multicomponent
subject: nanoparticles
subject: noble metals
subject: semiconductors
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: In this work, mixing and co-gelation of Au nanoparticles (NPs) and highly luminescent CdSe/CdS core/shell nanorods (NRs) are used as tools to obtain noble metal particle-decorated macroscopic semiconductor gel networks. The hybrid nature of the macrostructures facilitates the control over the optical properties: while the holes are trapped in the CdSe cores, the connected CdSe/CdS NRs support the mobility of excited electrons throughout the porous, hyperbranched gel networks. Due to the presence of Au NPs in the mixed gels, electron trapping in the gold NPs leads to a suppressed radiative recombination, namely, quenches the fluorescence in certain fragments of the multicomponent gel. The extent of fluorescence quenching can be influenced by the quantity of the noble metal domains. The optical properties are monitored as a function of the NR:NP ratio of a model system CdSe/CdS:Au. By this correlation, it demonstrates that the spatial extent of quenching initiated by a single Au NP exceeds the dimensions of one NR, which the Au is connected to (with a length of 45.8 nm ± 4.1 nm) and can reach the number of nine NRs per Au NP, which roughly corresponds to 400 nm of total electron travel distance within the network structure.
A hybrid finite-difference/boundary element procedure for the simulation of turbulent MHD duct flow at finite magnetic Reynolds numbers
Creators: name: Bandaru, Vinodh
name: Boeck, Thomas
name: Krasnov, Dmitry
name: Schumacher, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A conservative coupled finite difference-boundary element computational procedure for the simulation of turbulent magnetohydrodynamic flow in a straight rectangular duct at finite magnetic Reynolds number is presented. The flow is assumed to be periodic in the streamwise direction and is driven by a mean pressure gradient. The duct walls are considered to be electrically insulating. The co-evolution of the velocity and magnetic fields as described respectively by the Navier-Stokes and the magnetic induction equations, together with the coupling of the magnetic field between the conducting domain and the non-conducting exterior is solved using the magnetic field formulation. The aim is to simulate localized magnetic fields interacting with turbulent duct flow. Detailed verification of the implementation of the numerical scheme is conducted in the limiting case of low magnetic Reynolds number by comparing with the results obtained using a quasistatic approach that has no coupling with the exterior. The rigorous procedure with non-local magnetic boundary conditions is compared versus simplified pseudo-vacuum boundary conditions and the differences are quantified. Our first direct numerical simulations of turbulent Hartmann duct flow at moderate magnetic Reynolds numbers and a low flow Reynolds number show significant differences in the duct flow turbulence, even at low interaction level between the flow and magnetic field
True-Time-Delay Beamforming für ultrabreitbandige Systeme hoher Leistung
Creators: name: Lambrecht, Andreas
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2010
Subjects: Antennen
Ultra-Wide-Band
Beamforming
Rotman-Linse
True-Time-Delay

description: In dieser Arbeit werden folgende Punkte, zum Teil erstmalig, untersucht: - Entwicklung eines analytischen Modells zum schnellen Design von Rotman-Linsen - Rotman-Linsen im Zeitbereich bei transienten Eingangssignalen - Leistungsaufteilung innerhalb einer Rotman-Linse - Untersuchung der Rotman-Linse im Frequenzbereich 450 MHz bis 5 GHz - Untersuchung einer Vivaldi-Antenne im Frequenzbereich 450 MHz bis 5 GHz - Systemtheoretische Abschätzung der Funktionalität der Rotman-Linse in einem HPEM-System
Miniaturisierte Kapillarelektrophorese zur kontinuierlichen Überwachung von Kationen und Anionen in Prozessströmen
Creators: name: Schierjott, K. Phillip
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2010
Subjects: Lab-on-Chip
Kapillarelektrophorese
Mikrofluidik
Ionenanalyse
Prozessanalytik

description: Anhand der Entwicklung eines automatisierten Systems für die bidirektionale Kapillarelektrophorese (CE) im Chipformat wird der Einsatz der hauptsächlich in der Laboranalytik eingesetzten Chip-CE für den Bereich der kontinuierlichen Prozessanalytik gezeigt. Die Nutzung der Chip-CE sowie die simultane Analys von Kat- und Anionen führen zu einer deutlichen Verringerung herkömmlicher Analysezeiten. Die abschließende Messung gasförmiger und flüssiger Proben zeigt die Leistungsfähigkeit des Systems.
An Investigation of Sexual-Orientation Attitudes and Behaviors of College Athletes
Creators: name: Greene, Catherine Rebecca
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Several studies have been conducted to examine campus climate, but seldom has sexual orientation been addressed. This study is extremely relevant in today's sport culture. Individuals of various sexual orientations exist, in every realm of society, including college athletics. However, the reality is that discrimination and prejudices are pervasive in the college sport environment. Even though the NCAA and most universities have non-discrimination policies in place, discriminatory behaviors still occur and homophobic attitudes exist. This study examined attitudes and behaviors toward sexual orientation from a sample of Division I athletes (N=253) from three universities in the Atlantic Coast Conference. Quantitative data was used to investigate whether there was a relationship between various independent variables (gender, race/ethnicity and religious affiliation) and athletes' expressed behaviors and attitudes related to sexual orientation. Results of this study both complement existing research, while also enhancing the field by exploring more independent variables. This research shows that athletic administrators and athletic departments must examine the practice of their policies and determine its effectiveness. After acknowledging their reality, administrators must become proactive and advocate acceptance through education in order to provide and accepting, all-inclusive atmosphere.
Modellierung und Simulation von IT-Dienstleistungsprozessen
Creators: name: Bartsch, Christian
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2010
Subjects: Modellierung
Simulation
IT-Service-Management
Petri-Netze
Qualität

description: Eine der Ursachen für die ungenaue Bestimmung von Service-Levels in IT-Dienstleistungsvereinbarungen liegt in der informellen Repräsentation von IT-Dienstleistungsprozessen. In der Arbeit wird eine integrierte Methode entwickelt, mit der Dienstanbieter verschiedene Qualitätsmerkmale von IT-Dienstleistungen und die zu ihrer Erbringung benötigten IT-Dienstleistungsprozesse modellieren und simulieren können.
Integrating the Development and Predictive Validity of Individual Differences for Work Outcomes
Creators: name: Hoff, Kevin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: This registration document contains the project goals and analysis plan for existing longitudinal data. The project has two primary goals: (1) to examine how vocational interests and personality traits develop and change during adolescence and young adulthood and(2) to examine whether changes in interests and personality traits predict career outcomes over and above initial levels.The project uses longitudinal data spanning approximately 12-years from two separate samples. Data from one of the samples has already been analyzed in a paper examining three types of continuity and change in interests and personality traits (Hoff, Song, Einarsdóttir, Briley, & Rounds, 2018, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, DOI: 10.1037/pspp0000228). An additional, fifth wave of data was collected after this paper was published. The new wave of data collection includes career outcomes measures that will be the focus of the current project. All analyses on the already published dataset will be considered exploratory. The other dataset, which has not yet been analyzed, will be used for confirmatory analyses based on the results of the first set of analyses. Below, we outline the core questions and analysis plan for the descriptive, exploratory analyses in the first dataset with five timepoints.
The impact of interfaces on the performance of organic photovoltaic cells
Creators: name: Steim, Roland
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2010
Subjects: Organic photovoltaic
Interfaces
Hot spots
S-shape
Low light

description: Organic photovoltaic is an attractive technology to solve future energy supply scenarios. To further increase the potential of this technology novel absorber materials and interface materials have to be developed. In this work the paramount importance of interface materials for efficient as well as stable organic photovoltaic cells and modules is demonstrated. The general requirements of interface materials are elaborated and properties of a novel interface material which meets the demands are investigated experimentally and by simulations.
Cryptographic aspects of quantum reading
Creators: name: Spedalieri, Gaetana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Besides achieving secure communication between two spatially-separated parties, another important issue in modern cryptography is related to secure communication in time, i.e., the possibility to confidentially store information on a memory for later retrieval. Here we explore this possibility in the setting of quantum reading, which exploits quantum entanglement to efficiently read data from a memory whereas classical strategies (e.g., based on coherent states or their mixtures) cannot retrieve any information. From this point of view, the technique of quantum reading can provide a new form of technological security for data storage.