cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of Decoupling on the Average and the Variability of Output
Creators: name: Serra, Teresa
name: Zilberman, David
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Serra, Teresa
name: Zilberman, David
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: decoupling
subject: output risk
subject: risk preferences
subject: Just-Pope production function

description: Previous research has ignored the influence of inputs on output risk when assessing the effects of decoupled income-support payments on production decisions. This paper studies the impacts of agricultural policy decoupling on output variability and mean by explicitly considering the influence of agricultural input use on the stochastic component of production. We develop a theoretical framework that studies production responses of agricultural producers to apparently decoupled payments. Results show that, under DARA preferences, government transfers will have the effect of increasing production risk. Inferences on the effects of payments on output mean are also made. In our empirical application we use farm-level data collected in Kansas to illustrate the model.
Traversability of quantum improved wormhole solution
Creators: name: Moti, R.
name: Shojai, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the problem of traversability of wormholes in the framework of quantum improvement of gravity theory arising from functional renormalization group methods to describe the asymptotic safe quantum gravity. We have shown that improved pseudospherical wormholes could be traversable with non--exotic matter, while spherical ones could not. This is done within a specific model of improvement.
description: 23 pages, 8 Figures
Parameter-Free Solution of the Bohr Hamiltonian for Actinides Critical in the Octupole Mode
Creators: name: Lenis, D.
name: Bonatsos, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analytic, parameter-free (up to overall scale factors) solution of the Bohr Hamiltonian involving axially symmetric quadrupole and octupole deformations, as well as an infinite well potential, is obtained, after separating variables in a way reminiscent of the Variable Moment of Inertia (VMI) concept. Normalized spectra and B(EL) ratios are found to agree with experimental data for 226-Ra and 226-Th, the nuclei known to lie closest to the border between octupole deformation and octupole vibrations in the light actinide region.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX, including 5 .eps figures
Current Acceleration from Dilaton and Stringy Cold Dark Matter
Creators: name: Biswas, Tirthabir
name: Brandenberger, Robert
name: Mazumdar, Anupam
name: Multamaki, Tuomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that string theory has all the ingredients to provide us with candidates for the cold dark matter and explain the current acceleration of our Universe. In any generic string compactification the dilaton plays an important role as it couples to the Standard Model and other heavy non-relativistic degrees of freedom such as the string winding modes and wrapped branes, we collectively call them stringy cold dark matter. These couplings are non-universal which results in an interesting dynamics for a rolling dilaton. Initially, its potential can track radiation and matter while beginning to dominate the dynamics recently, triggering a phase of acceleration. This scenario can be realized as long as the dilaton also couples strongly to some heavy modes. We furnish examples of such modes. We provide analytical and numerical results and compare them with the current supernovae result. This favors certain stringy candidates.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures (colour)
Espeńa, Eloisa R._Amotivation of Grade 11.pdf
Creators: name: Espeńa, Eloisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200401 Applied Linguistics and Educational Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Students’ amotivation in studying/learning Oral Communication and students’ own learning styles in studying/ learning Oral Communication.
Prospects and Challenges in Lithuanian Agricultural Markets After EU Accession
Creators: name: Meyers, William H.
name: Kazlauskiene, Natalija
name: Krisciukaitiene, Irena
name: Meyers, William H.
name: Kazlauskiene, Natalija
name: Krisciukaitiene, Irena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: EU accession
subject: CAP reform
subject: policy

description: Medium-term prospects for key agricultural markets in Lithuania are analysed under alternative policies. Policy alternatives show the impacts of EU accession and also the impacts of implementing AP reforms in 2007. The model is a partial equilibrium, multi-commodity model where commodity prices are linked to key prices in major EU markets. The accession analysis shows significant impacts on production, prices, and even on relative prices. It indicates impacts on production and trade patterns. The most realistic scenario (SAPS to 2006 and SFP from 2007 to 2010) generates a growth in product value more than 10 percent higher than the non-accession scenario. The largest increase is in the value of milk production. There also is a decline in crops share and increase in milk share of the total market revenue, while cattle and dairy together increase from about 35 percent of output value in 2002 to over 45 percent in 2010.
Distributivity breaking and macroscopic quantum games
Creators: name: Grib, A. A.
name: Khrennikov, A. Yu.
name: Parfionov, G. N.
name: Starkov, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Examples of games between two partners with mixed strategies, calculated by the use of the probability amplitude as some vector in Hilbert space are given. The games are macroscopic, no microscopic quantum agent is supposed. The reason for the use of the quantum formalism is in breaking of the distributivity property for the lattice of yes-no questions arising due to the special rules of games. The rules of the games suppose two parts: the preparation and measurement. In the first part due to use of the quantum logical orthocomplemented non-distributive lattice the partners freely choose the wave functions as descriptions of their strategies. The second part consists of classical games described by Boolean sublattices of the initial non-Boolean lattice with same strategies which were chosen in the first part. Examples of games for spin one half are given. New Nash equilibria are found for some cases. Heisenberg uncertainty relations without the Planck constant are written for the "spin one half game".
Marginality and Restoration of Olive Plantations in Andalusia
Creators: name: Arriaza Balmón, Manuel
name: Guzman, Jose R.
name: Nekhay, Olexandr
name: Gomez-Limon, Jose Antonio
name: Arriaza Balmón, Manuel
name: Guzman, Jose R.
name: Nekhay, Olexandr
name: Gomez-Limon, Jose Antonio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: land abandonment
subject: marginal olive groves
subject: biodiversity
subject: soil erosion and visual quality

description: This paper presents the first results of the initial stages of a three years research project on optimization of the use of agricultural lands subject to risk of abandonment. After devising a physical marginality index for olive cultivation based on soil quality and slope, we estimate an approximate area of 200,000 hectares of marginal olive plantations in Andalusia. The risk of abandonment of these farmlands increases with the decoupling of the CAP subsidies and with the socio-economic characteristics of the production. The probable abandonment of these areas implies the negative consequences of wild forestation. We present some actions to minimize the negative effects of this process, being the use of grass cover and hedgerows, on an initial qualitative analysis, the most positive measures.
[Letter from William Gilson Farlow]
Creators: name: Farlow, William Gilson
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1900

description: Has sent a small box probably containing Lithothamnion lenormandii collected 50 miles north of Boston, a fragment of a specimen with conceptacles like the one described in "Marine algae of New England" as Melobesia macrocarpa and a specimen thought to be Melobesia pustulata as it has two and not four parted spores. Asks who has written about this in a paper.
[Letter from Johan Nordal Fischer Wille]
Creators: name: Wille, Johan Nordal Fischer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1900

description: Reply to a request about writing a summary for Botan. Centralblatt. Has asked Gran to write it so as not to offend Heydrich because he refused a request from Heydrich to lending him a Lithothamnion. Told him that Lithothamnion in question was reserved for Foslie.
Double Transverse Spin Asymmetries at Next-to-leading Order in QCD
Creators: name: Mukherjee, A.
name: Stratmann, M.
name: Vogelsang, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a technique to calculate the cross sections and spin asymmetries for transversely polarized $pp$ collisions at NLO in QCD and report on the use of this technique for the processes $p^{\uparrow} p^{\uparrow} \to γX$, $p^{\uparrow} p^{\uparrow} \to πX$ and $p^{\uparrow} p^{\uparrow} \to l^+ l^- X$.
description: References corrected
Offsetting with Salinity Credits: An Alternative to Irrigation Zoning
Creators: name: Spencer, Thomas
name: Ancev, Tihomir
name: Spencer, Thomas
name: Ancev, Tihomir
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: irrigation
subject: least-cost
subject: offsets
subject: salinity

description: Irrigation induced salinity is a serious problem in many countries around the world. In Australia, this type of salinity is most pronounced in the valley of the River Murray in South Australia. Location of irrigation enterprises has been identified as a key factor that needs to be taken into account by policies aimed at mitigating salinity. This article compares and contrasts two such policies: an irrigation zoning policy, where new irrigation enterprises are only allowed in low salinity impact zones, and an offsetting with salinity credits policy, where new irrigation enterprises can locate in high salinity impact zones, provided they offset their salinity impact with salinity credits. Key findings are that the offsetting policy will be both less costly and more effective in reducing salinity than a standalone irrigation zoning policy. This is due to the presence of incentives for choosing "optimal" location of irrigation enterprises when costs of salinity credits are taken into account.
Interaction-based simulation
Creators: name: Lee, Gene S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis presents a technique for producing visual simulations — programs that visualize the execution or behavior of time-varying scenes — from software interactions, first-class structures that moderate the flow of information among software components: The building of programs with software interactions gives rise to Interaction-Based Programming (IBP), a programming methodology that separates the concerns of computation from coordination. Software components compute independently, while software interactions coordinate communications. The integration of IBP with the methods of computer simulation produce Interaction-Based Simulation (IBS), an approach to visual simulation that binds the execution of software interactions to the advancement of time. As tiihe advances, software interactions control the flow of information among components arid the dissemination of temporal information. The utility of IBS is presented in two ways: one, through a logical description of the effect of software interactions on software development and systems created using the approach; and two, through empirical evidence demonstrating the ability of IBS to produce a wide variety of programs that encourage the reuse of software.
Economic Growth, Lifestyle Changes, and the Coexistence of Under and Overweight in China: A Semiparametric Approach
Creators: name: Shimokawa, Satoru
name: Pinstrup-Andersen, Per
name: Shimokawa, Satoru
name: Pinstrup-Andersen, Per
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Economic Growth
subject: Underweight
subject: Overweight
subject: Smiparametric
subject: China

description: We investigate the relationship between changes in socioeconomic factors and the emerging coexistence of under and overweight among adults in China during 1991-2000. Our key questions are: (1) whether any socioeconomic factor explains both increasing overweight (Body Mass Index (BMI)less than or equal to 25 kg/m2) and remaining underweight (BMI greater than or equal to 18.5 kg/m2), (2) whether China's continuing economic growth leads to further increase in the prevalence of overweight, and (3) whether China's economic growth alone can lead to commensurate decrease in its remaining underweight. Based on the theoretical model in Lakdawalla and Philipson (2002), we focus on the effects of economic growth on weight through changes in income, job-related activity and food prices. We adopt a semiparametric technique and decompose changes in the BMI distribution into the effects of changes in selected socioeconomic factors. We find that changes in the pattern of job-related activity partly explain both increasing overweight and remaining underweight. Overall income growth contributes to decreasing both under and overweight. Decreasing food prices are one of main factors shifting Chinese population from underweight toward overweight. The effects of economic growth examined in this paper well-explain increasing overweight, and thus continuing economic growth is likely to lead to further increase in overweight rates. Our results also indicate that there exist unobserved factors that significantly counteract the downward effects of economic growth on underweight rates, and thus economic growth alone is unlikely to lead to commensurate decrease in remaining underweight. To reduce remaining underweight, more direct interventions (e.g., micronutrient supplementation) may be needed.
Increase of Residential Electricity Consumption in Urban and Rural China by Province
Creators: name: Honda, Manabu
name: Shindo, Junko
name: Okamoto, Kastuo
name: Kawashima, Hiroyuki
name: Honda, Manabu
name: Shindo, Junko
name: Okamoto, Kastuo
name: Kawashima, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: We have developed a projection model to investigate the inter-regional and intra-regional urban-rural characteristics of the current residential electricity demand in China. We have specifically focused on residential electricity demand pertaining to three major appliances; refrigerator, color-TVs and air-conditioners for cooling. The model integrates factors such as population and income growth, and urban-rural disparity of individual factors are also reflected. The relationship between income growth and appliance penetration is investigated and future residential electricity demand is projected for urban and rural areas of individual province. We postulated three scenarios i.e. 1) Base Line scenario 2) Rural Growth Scenario 3) Energy EfficiencySc enario by 2020 and conducted scenario analysis. The Base Line case projected that the total urban REC will approximately triple and the total rural REC will almost five times by 2020. The expected population growth and falling household membership will increase urban REC, whereas the penetration increase is the main driving force for rural REC growth. The Rural Growth Scenario resulted in the largest total REC among all Scenarios, suggesting rural growth plays a key role in determining the future REC in China.
Market Performance of Potato Auctions in Bhutan
Creators: name: Van Tilburg, Aad
name: Kuiper, W. Erno
name: Swinkels, Rob
name: Van Tilburg, Aad
name: Kuiper, W. Erno
name: Swinkels, Rob
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Auctions
subject: Bhutan
subject: Law of one price
subject: Market performance
subject: Potato marketing

description: Market performance with respect to a main horticultural export commodity in Bhutan is the subject of this paper. Imperfections in (market) infrastructure and market structure and conduct may prevent an optimal price for farmers. Market performance is assessed by testing the law of one price for this commodity. This is done by testing three series of auction price data on both long-run and short-run price integration. It is concluded that auction prices were interrelated both in the long and short run with one of the three auctions as the price-leading market. Policy implications are suggested.
Prosecuting corporate crime in Indonesia: recruitment agencies that traffic migrant workers
Creators: name: Palmer, Wayne
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160303 Migration
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 160606 Government and Politics of Asia and the Pacific
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This article examines the legal and political context for prosecuting corporate crime in Indonesia. It presents a case study of the landmark case in which a migrant labour recruitment agency was successfully prosecuted for human trafficking. This article explains the rationale and motivation in four sections. First, it considers the development and purpose of corporate liability as a legal concept to foreground the second section that outlines the legal and policy framework for pursuing corporations that commit crime in Indonesia. This section also offers a detailed discussion about how individuals have been proceeded against in human trafficking cases that involve corporations. Third, this article presents a case study of the first and only instance where a corporation was successfully prosecuted for human trafficking to highlight the sequence of events that made the effort possible. The discussion that follows identifies motivations for doing so, and makes empirical conclusions about the purpose of prosecuting corporations for human trafficking through the Indonesian legal system. In conclusion, the article argues that the institutional drive to punish corporate involvement in economic crime has created the necessary systems to seek the punishment of a wider range of other corporate crimes, including human trafficking.
Fermi-Dirac statistics and the number theory
Creators: name: Kubasiak, A.
name: Korbicz, J.
name: Zakrzewski, J.
name: Lewenstein, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We relate the Fermi-Dirac statistics of an ideal Fermi gas in a harmonic trap to partitions of given integers into distinct parts, studied in number theory. Using methods of quantum statistical physics we derive analytic expressions for cumulants of the probability distribution of the number of different partitions.
description: 7pages, 2 figures, epl.cls, revised version
The adoption of the Eurepgap Standard by Mango Exporters in Piura, Peru
Creators: name: Kleinwechter, Ulrich
name: Grethe, Harald
name: Kleinwechter, Ulrich
name: Grethe, Harald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: standards
subject: costs of compliance
subject: Eurepgap
subject: developing countries
subject: international
subject: trade
subject: mango
subject: Peru

description: The significance of standards in international agricultural trade is continuously rising. Due to their complexity, especially private industry standards are often expected to have a negative impact on agricultural export sectors in developing countries. The successful adoption of standards by a broad number of producers can be seen as a condition to limit negative socioeconomic consequences. This case study for the mango export sector in Piura, Peru, analyzes the adoption of the Eurepgap standard, based on a theoretical framework of a compliance process of three stages (information stage, decision stage, implementation stage). The empirical part is based on interviews with farmers. A comparison between certified producers and a control group identifies the mechanisms that lead to an adoption of the standard. A first major barrier to adoption is the access to information on the standard. Exporting enterprises are the most important source of information. Analysis at the decision stage shows that vertical integration is the most important factor in the adoption of the standard. A contemplation of the implementation stage shows that the costs of compliance are at 9.51 US$/ton on average or 3.8% of the product price. Factors that influence the costs of compliance are the starting point, the target level and the involvement of exporter enterprises. Consequently, the activities of exporter enterprises can be identified as the key factor for the adoption of the standard in the sector. Furthermore, the standard involves the risk of exclusion of certain producer groups.
One MAX phase, different MXenes: a guideline to understand the crucial role of etching conditions on Ti$_3$C$_2$T$_x$ surface chemistry
Creators: name: Benchakar, Mohamed
name: Loupias, Lola
name: Garnero, Cyril
name: Bilyk, Thomas
name: Morais, Claudia
name: Canaff, Christine
name: Guignard, Nadia
name: Morisset, Sophie
name: Pazniak, Hanna
name: Hurand, Simon
name: Chartier, Patrick
name: Pacaud, Jérôme
name: Mauchamp, Vincent
name: Barsoum, Michel
name: Habrioux, Aurélien
name: Celerier, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MXenes are a new, and growing, family of 2D materials with very promising properties for a wide variety of applications. Obtained from the etching of MAX phases, numerous properties can be targeted thanks to the chemical richness of the precursors. Herein, we highlight how etching agents govern surface chemistries of Ti$_3$C$_2$T$_x$, the most widely studied MXene to date. By combining characterization tools such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron, Raman and electron energy loss spectroscopies, scanning and transmission electron microscopies and a surface sensitive electrochemical reaction-the hydrogen evolution reaction, HER-we clearly demonstrate that the etching agent (HF, LiF/HCl or FeF$_3$/HCl) strongly modifies the nature of surface terminal groups (F, OH and/or O), oxidation sensitivity, delamination ability, nature of the inserted species, interstratification, concentration of defects and size of flakes. Beyond showing how using these different characterization tools to analyze MXenes, this work highlights that the MXene synthesis routes can influence targeted applications.
Pseudosterigmatospora Q. M. Wang & F. Y. Bai 2020, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Li, A. - H.
name: Yuan, F. - X.
name: Groenewald, M.
name: Bensch, K.
name: Yurkov, A. M.
name: Li, K.
name: Han, P. - J.
name: Guo, L. - D.
name: Aime, M. C.
name: Sampaio, J. P.
name: Jindamorakot, S.
name: Turchetti, B.
name: Inacio, J.
name: Fungsin, B.
name: Wang, Q. - M.
name: Bai, F. - Y.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricostilbomycetes
Agaricostilbales
Jianyuniaceae
Pseudosterigmatospora

description: Pseudosterigmatospora Q.M. Wang & F.Y. Bai gen. nov. MycoBank MB828812.
 Etymology: the genus is named because of a similar morphology as present in the genus Sterigmatospora.
 This genus is proposed for the branch represented by strain CGMCC 2.5816, which formed a separate clade. Member of the Jianyuniaceae (Agaricostilbales). The genus is mainly circumscribed by the phylogenetic analysis of the seven genes dataset, in which it occurred as a separate branch within Jianyuniaceae (Fig. 4A).
Sexual reproduction not known. Colonies white to cream, butyrous. Budding cells present and blastoconidia produced on stalk-like conidiophores. Conidiophores single or multiple, usually bifurcate, somewhat trifurcate. Pseudohyphae and hyphae not produced. Ballistoconidia not formed.
 Type species: Pseudosterigmatospora motuoensis Q.M. Wang, F.Y. Bai & A.H. Li.
description: Published as part of Li, A. - H., Yuan, F. - X., Groenewald, M., Bensch, K., Yurkov, A. M., Li, K., Han, P. - J., Guo, L. - D., Aime, M. C., Sampaio, J. P., Jindamorakot, S., Turchetti, B., Inacio, J., Fungsin, B., Wang, Q. - M. & Bai, F. - Y., 2020, Diversity and phylogeny of basidiomycetous yeasts from plant leaves and soil: Proposal of two new orders, three new families, eight new genera and one hundred and seven new species, pp. 17-140 in Studies In Mycology 96 on page 111, DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.01.002, http://zenodo.org/record/10497182
Efficiency and Pooling in Western Cape Wine Grape Production
Creators: name: Conradie, Beatrice
name: Cookson, Graham
name: Thirtle, Colin G.
name: Conradie, Beatrice
name: Cookson, Graham
name: Thirtle, Colin G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper uses a stochastic frontier and inefficiency model to test the efficiency of grape production in the Western Cape. The data covers two panels of wine grape farms (34 in Robertson and 36 in Worcester) for 2003 and 2004 and 37 table grape farms in De Doorns for 2004 only. Tests show that Cobb Douglas stochastic production frontiers, with variables to explain the inefficiencies are an appropriate representation of the five individual samples. The stochastic frontier results indicate that output can be explained by land, labour and machinery and that efficiency cab be affected by labour quality, age and education of the farmer, location, the percentage of non-bearing vines and expenditures on electricity for irrigation. These data is sufficiently good to produce reasonable results without pooling, but most applied economists would consider the possibility of improving the estimates by pooling the samples. However, pooling tests show that in this situation with small samples, when pooling is permissible it may not be helpful. More effort on determining the true distributions is needed to improve the way such samples are handled and Bayesian methods may be helpful in this respect.
High-energy Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Gaisser, Thomas K.
name: Stanev, Todor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a brief review of galactic cosmic rays in the GeV to TeV energy range, we describe some current problems of interest for particles of very high energy. Particularly interesting are two features of the spectrum, the `knee' above $10^{15}$ eV and the `ankle' above $10^{18}$ eV. An important question is whether the highest energy particles are of extra-galactic origin and, if so, at what energy the transition occurs. A theme common to all energy ranges is use of nuclear abundances as a tool for understanding the origin of the cosmic radiation.
description: 16 pages, 5 fugures, to be published in Nuclear Physics A
La déposition des oblats sur l'autel en Syrie-Palestine
Creators: name: Verhelst, Stéphane
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 82 (1998): Oriens christianus, Band 82
Measurement and Comparison of Risk Reduction by Means of Farm Yield, Area Yield, and Weather Index Crop Insurance Schemes - The Case of Kazakhstani Wheat Farms
Creators: name: Bokusheva, Raushan
name: Breustedt, Gunnar
name: Heidelbach, Olaf
name: Bokusheva, Raushan
name: Breustedt, Gunnar
name: Heidelbach, Olaf
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Risk and Uncertainty

description: We analyse area yield insurance contracts and weather index insurance contracts in terms of risk reduction for wheat farms in Kazakhstan over the period 1980-2002. We combine the common mean-variance approach with a stochastic dominance approach to ensure the consistency of the empirical results with expected utility theory. Results indicate (1) the need for combining both approaches, because for some insurance schemes, the mean-variance results of one-third of the farmers are not necessarily consistent with EU theory. (2) Bootstrapping shows that an expected positive variance reduction is not statistically significant for up to one-third of the farms. Both results indicate that previous methods probably overestimate the effectiveness of crop yield and weather index insurance schemes, in particular for insurance schemes with basis risk. From a practical point of view, (3) area yield insurance based on the county (rayon) yield provides substantially higher variance reduction than reported in the literature, indicating that area yield insurance contracts might be more appropriate in Kazakhstan because of the high systemic yield risk there - an effect of exposure to drought. (4) There are no substantial differences in the results generated by means of different weather indexes. (5) However, compared to farm yield insurance with a low strike yield in order to reduce moral hazard, weather index insurance can be a reasonable alternative for farmers.
IP multicast in MPLS networks
Creators: name: Chan, Fustina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is an advanced technology that enables IP networks to support traffic engineering efficiently. It speeds up packet forwarding by combining layer 3 routing with layer 2 switching. In MPLS, a label in the packet is used for making forwarding decisions and a path is pre-established to switch labeled packets at layer 2. Unfortunately, MPLS was originally designed for unicast IP traffic and there is as yet no complete definition for the support of multicast IP traffic. In this thesis, a new mechanism for MPLS to support IP multicast traffic is presented. It is motivated by the idea of a data-driven upstream label allocation scheme. The dense mode of the Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM-DM) is used as the signalling protocol to support multicast label switching. Multicast labels are allocated by upstream routers and distributed towards downstream routers. This process is triggered by the arrival of multicast traffic and no explicit control message is required to piggyback the label advertisement. The key objective is to improve the network scalability by using multicast label switching to forward IP multicast packets at layer 2 with minimal forwarding at layer 3. The support of multicast IP traffic in the MPLS network has been implemented under the Network Simulator (NS) from UC Berkeley. Our performance results show significant improvement on the network scalability in terms of the setup time for multicast label switching and the use of the label space. MPLS with IP multicast support plays an important role in the next-generation network.
Nonlocality, Correlations, and Magnetotransport in a Spatially Modulated Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
Creators: name: Raichev, O. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the classical commensurability phenomena in weakly modulated two-dimensional electron systems is a manifestation of the intrinsic properties of the correlation functions describing a homogeneous electron gas in a magnetic field. The theory demonstrates the importance for consideration of nonlocal response and removes the gap between classical and quantum approaches to magnetotransport in such systems.
Testing Increasing Returns to Pollution Abatement in Pesticides
Creators: name: Managi, Shunsuke
name: Managi, Shunsuke
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: According to the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, economic growth and the reduction of environmental degradation are compatible goals. An inverted U-shaped relationship between economic performance and environmental pollution suggests that, empirically, an economy is associated with smaller levels of pollution after some threshold income point. One potential explanation for the empirical evidence of an EKC is increasing returns to pollution abatement, where the abatement efficiency rises with an increase in the scale of abatement. Doubling the clean-up efforts more than doubles the abatement of pollution. As this efficiency gain makes abatement less expensive, pollution might fall as more abatement is undertaken. This study tests the hypothesis that there are increasing returns to abating pollution. Empirical evidence on environmental risks in the US agricultural sector since 1970 support the existence of increasing returns. In addition, I estimate the productivity of pollution abatement using refined empirical productivity measurement methods and explicitly control the level of technology. The results show the importance of including an environmental productivity variable in the EKC framework.
Two-color flat-top solitons in microresonator-based optical parametric oscillators
Creators: name: Lobanov, Valery E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied numerically the generation of the two-color flat-top solitonic pulses, platicons, in the microresonator based doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator. We revealed that if the signs of the group velocity dispersion (GVD) coefficients at interacting harmonics are opposite, platicon excitation is possible via pump amplitude modulation or controllable mode interaction approach. Upon pump frequency scan generation of platicons was observed at positive pump frequency detunings for the normal GVD at pump frequency and at negative detunings in the opposite case. Interestingly, we found the effect of the transformation of the flat-top platicon profile at half-frequency into the bell-shaped bright soliton profile upon frequency scan. For platicon excitation one needs simultaneous accurate matching of the microresonator free spectral ranges at interacting harmonics and resonant eigenfrequencies. Excitation conditions and platicon generation domains were found for the different generation methods, and properties of the generated platicons were studied for various combinations of the medium parameters.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures; to appear in Physical Review A. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2001.03648
Modeling the Photopolarimetric Variability of AA Tau
Creators: name: O'Sullivan, Mark
name: Truss, Michael
name: Walker, Christina
name: Wood, Kenneth
name: Matthews, Owen
name: Whitney, Barbara
name: Bjorkman, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Monte Carlo scattered light models of a warped disk that reproduce the observed photopolarimetric variability of the classical T Tauri star AA Tau. For a system inclination of 75 deg and using an analytic description for a warped inner disk, we find that the shape and amplitude of the photopolarimetric variability are reproduced with a warp which occults the star, located at 0.07 au, amplitude 0.016 au, extending over radial and azimuthal ranges 0.0084 au and 145 deg. We also show a time sequence of high spatial resolution scattered light images, showing a dark shadow cast by the warp sweeping round the disk. Using a modified smooth particle hydrodynamics code, we find that a stellar dipole magnetic field of strength 5.2 kG, inclined at 30 deg to the stellar rotation axis can reproduce the required disk warping to explain AA Tau's photopolarimetric variability.
description: 9 Pages, 10 Figures. Accepted for publishing in MNRAS
Anomalies of (0,4) SCFTs from F-theory
Creators: name: Couzens, Christopher
name: Lam, Huibert het
name: Mayer, Kilian
name: Vandoren, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the macroscopics of 2d $\mathcal{N}=(0,4)$ SCFTs arising from F-theory constructions. The class of 2d SCFTs we consider live on black strings which are obtained by wrapping D3-branes on a curve in the base of a possibly singular elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau threefold. In addition, we allow the D3-branes to probe ALE or ALF spaces transversely. We compute anomaly coefficients of these SCFTs by determining Chern-Simons terms in the 3d action resulting from the reduction of 6d $\mathcal{N}=(1,0)$ supergravity on the compact space surrounding the black string. Essential contributions to these coefficients are from one-loop induced Chern-Simons terms arising from integrating out massive Kaluza-Klein modes.
description: 38 pages, 1 figure; v2: references added, minor corrections
title: Επεξεργασία συνθετικών δεδομένων σεισμικής ανάκλασης για την απεικόνιση της δομής της λεκάνης της Φολεγάνδρου
title: Processing of sesmic reflection synthetic data for Folegandros basin representation
Creators: name: Μητσιοπουλου Ολγα
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2020

description: Η παρούσα μεταπτυχιακή διατριβή έχει ως θέμα τις γεωφυσικές έρευνες που πραγματοποιήθηκαν στον θαλάσσιο χώρο της λεκάνης της Φολεγάνδρου, με σκοπό την ανεύρεση κοιτασμάτων υδρογονανθράκων.
Συγκεκριμένα, το αντικείμενο της διατριβής είναι η προσομοίωση των σεισμικών δεδομένων καθώς και η δημιουργία συνθετικών δεδομένων σεισμικής ανάκλασης στην περιοχή της Φολεγάνδρου. Το αποτέλεσμα της επεξεργασίας των συνθετικών δεδομένων είναι οι σεισμικές τομές υπέρθεσης και χωροθέτησης με διαφορετικές μεθόδους και στη συνέχεια η σύγκριση των τομών αυτών με την αρχική τομή της περιοχής μελέτης, με σκοπό την ερμηνεία των σεισμικών δεδομένων τμήματος της γραμμής AEG-1. Έγινε η χρήση του προγράμματος matlab και του αλγόριθμου PSV_SYNTHETICS για την δημιουργία των συνθετικών δεδομένων. Ακολούθησε η επεξεργασία των δεδομένων με την δημιουργία καταγραφής κοινού ενδιάμεσου σημείου, εφαρμογή δυναμικής διόρθωσης, διόρθωση γεωμετρικής διασποράς καθώς και αποσυνέλιξη αιχμής και την δημιουργία τομής μερικής σεισμικής υπέρθεσης. Επιπλέον, πραγματοποιήθηκε η εφαρμογή τριών διαφορετικών μεθόδων σεισμικής χωροθέτησης, η μέθοδος κατά Kirchoff, η μέθοδος Πεπερασμένων Διαφορών και η μέθοδος Μετατόπισης Φάσης.
Τέλος πραγματοποιήθηκε σύγκριση μεταξύ των μεθόδων εφαρμόζοντας υπέρθεση των χωροθετημένων τομών στο μοντέλο τμηματικών ταχυτήτων που χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την παραγωγή των συνθετικών δεδομένων.
Η δημιουργία των συνθετικών παρουσιάζει ενδιαφέρον στην ερμηνεία πραγματικών δεδομένων όπως αποδείχτηκε από την διεξαγωγή της συγκεκριμένης διατριβής.
O DIREITO HUMANO DE MIGRAR E A NOVA LEI DE MIGRAÇÃO
Creators: name: Rissardo, Jamila
name: Muller, Juliana
name: Rocha, Carolina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160303 Migration
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 180114 Human Rights Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: O trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o direito humano de migrar e suas legislações internacionais; descrever os principais avanços da Lei de Migração em comparação com o Estatuto do Estrangeiro; e analisar os avanços e pontos negativos da Lei de Migração, principalmente sob o aspecto do direito humano de migrar.
The work aims to report on the human right to migrate and its international legislation; describe the main advances in the Migration Law compared to the Foreigner Statute; and to analyze the advances and negative points of the Migration Law, mainly under the aspect of the human right to migrate.
Spatial Econometric Issues for Bio-Economic and Land-Use Modeling
Creators: name: Holloway, Garth J.
name: Lacombe, Donald J.
name: LeSage, James P.
name: Holloway, Garth J.
name: Lacombe, Donald J.
name: LeSage, James P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: spatial econometrics
subject: bio-economic and land-use modelling
subject: Bayesian solution

description: We survey the literature on spatial bio-economic and land-use modelling and review thematic developments. Unobserved site-specific heterogeneity is common in almost all of the surveyed works. Heterogeneity appears also to be a significant catalyst engendering significant methodological innovation. To better equip prototypes to adequately incorporate heterogeneity, we consider a smorgasbord of extensions. We highlight some problems arising with their application; provide Bayesian solutions to some; and conjecture solutions for others.
[Letter from Frank Shipley Collins]
Creators: name: Collins, Frank Shipley
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1901

description: Expresses gratitude for the identification of the Californian Lithothamnion and the little Codiolum. Snyder hopes to have enough species for a fascicle of the Phycotecea Boreali Americana. Has been making a list of Jamaican algae for publication. Request for identification of Lithothamnion specimens found among the algae from Jamaica, for inclusion in the list.
Brane world effective actions for D-branes with fluxes
Creators: name: Bertolini, Matteo
name: Billo, Marco
name: Lerda, Alberto
name: Morales, Jose F.
name: Russo, Rodolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop systematic string techniques to study brane world effective actions for models with magnetized (or equivalently intersecting) D-branes. In particular, we derive the dependence on all NS-NS moduli of the kinetic terms of the chiral matter in a generic non-supersymmetric brane configurations with non-commuting open string fluxes. Near a N=1 supersymmetric point the effective action is consistent with a Fayet-Iliopoulos supersymmetry breaking and the normalization of the scalar kinetic terms is nothing else than the Kahler metric. We also discuss, from a stringy perspective, D and F term breaking mechanisms, and how, in this generic set up, the Kahler metric enters in the physical Yukawa couplings.
description: 52 pages, 3 figures; several references added
XENON1T Anomaly and its Implication for Decaying Warm Dark Matter
Creators: name: Choi, Gongjun
name: Suzuki, Motoo
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An excess in the electronic recoil data was observed in the XENON1T detector. One of plausible explanations for the excess is absorption of a vector bosonic particle with the mass of $2-3\,{\rm keV}$. For this, the kinetic mixing $κ\!\sim\!10^{-15}$ of the dark photon with the photon is required if the dark photon explains the current DM abundance. We recently proposed a model where the main component DM today is a decaying warm dark matter (WDM) with the life time comparable to the age of the current universe. The WDM decays to a massless fermion and a massive dark photon. This model was originally designed for addressing both the small scale problems which $Λ$CDM suffers from and the $H_{0}$ tension. In this letter, we show that the massive dark photon produced by the WDM decay can be identified with the vector boson inducing the anomalous excess in the XENON1T experiment. Depending on a lifetime of the parent decaying WDM, the dark photon could be either the main component or the sub-component of DM population today.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Analysis of the development of local productive arrangements (LPAs) in Brazil
Creators: name: Sousa, Linardy De Moura
name: Neto, Pedro Luiz De Oliveira Costa
name: Dias, Samuel
name: Lopes, Samuel Jônatas De Castro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140202 Economic Development and Growth
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 160505 Economic Development Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Faced with the crisis of the 1970s, the Local Productive Arrangements (LPA) were created, where micro, small and medium enterprises organized themselves with socioeconomic and political agents, located in the same territory, developing related economic activities that present links of production, interaction, cooperation and learning. In Brazil, the Federal Government together with class entities, supporting industry and commerce, carried out numerous initiatives to stimulate the development of LPA in various regions of the country. This article aims to present the development of LPA policies in Brazil, analyzing quantitative data, addressing the region that has shown the greatest growth in LPA and which is the predominant productive sector in recent years. In addition to traditional reference research, the database available at the Observatório Brasileiro de Arranjos Produtivos Locais (OBLPA) was used to analyze and compare the results. The growth in the quantity of LPA has caused a weakness in the interpretation and application of the concept of productive arrangements, leading to a political decentralization in the fundamental issues of the plans, programs and projects considered. In data obtained from 2015-2020, the Northeast region presented greater growth, followed by Southeast and Center-West, leaving the North and South regions almost unchanged.
Real-time CNN-based Segmentation Architecture for Ball Detection in a Single View Setup
Creators: name: Van Zandycke, Gabriel
name: De Vleeschouwer, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.4

description: This paper considers the task of detecting the ball from a single viewpoint in the challenging but common case where the ball interacts frequently with players while being poorly contrasted with respect to the background. We propose a novel approach by formulating the problem as a segmentation task solved by an efficient CNN architecture. To take advantage of the ball dynamics, the network is fed with a pair of consecutive images. Our inference model can run in real time without the delay induced by a temporal analysis. We also show that test-time data augmentation allows for a significant increase the detection accuracy. As an additional contribution, we publicly release the dataset on which this work is based.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Numerical solution of linear Fredholm-Volterra integro-differential equations of fractional order
Creators: name: Ordokhani, Yadollah
name: Dehestani, Haniye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 10301 Numerical Analysis
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 10302 Numerical Solution of Differential and Integral Equations

description: We investigate the numerical solution of linear fractional Fredholm-Volterra integro-differential equations (FVIDEs) by using of Bessel polynomials of the first kind and collocation points. This method can be easily applied to many linear problems and is capable of reducing computational works. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed methods.