cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Climate Policy in the United States and Japan: A Workshop Summary
Creators: name: Pizer, William A.
name: Tamura, Kentaro
name: Pizer, William A.
name: Tamura, Kentaro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: climate change
subject: global warming
subject: United States
subject: Japan
subject: Kyoto

description: Resources for the Future and the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (Japan) convened a one-and-one-half day workshop on domestic and international climate policy on February 12-13, 2004 in Washington, D.C. On the first day, 55 participants heard presentations from 14 speakers and discussed domestic activities, economics, and politics. The second day featured a smaller group of 27 participants hearing six informal sets of comments and discussing opportunities for international collaboration. Participants included government officials from the Japanese Ministry of the Environment, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and other U.S. administration and congressional staff; representatives from business and environmental groups; and academic experts. Over the course of both days, it was clear that great opportunities exist for informing participants from both countries on recent developments, economic analyses, and political nuances in the other country. For example, American participants were unaware of the Keidanren's success at exceeding required efficiency standards. Japanese participants were unaware of U.S. treaty tradition, by which ratification cannot occur until implementing legislation is in place-a fact that makes the Kyoto Protocol virtually unratifiable. Participants on both sides benefited from a frank discussion of how and why it may be unwise for the international community to attempt to re-engage the United States in international climate policy until the United States settles on its own course of meaningful domestic action. Looking forward, an important lesson may be taken from U.S. experience with early environmental regulation, where state action provided experience and impetus for federal action. As an alternative to the Kyoto model, distinct national actions may provide experience and impetus for international action. In addition, policies in both the United States and Japan reflect a strong emphasis on technology development and commercialization; this may be an area where bilateral cooperation could be particularly beneficial.
Nonextensive Thermodynamics and Glassy behaviour in Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Rapisarda, Andrea
name: Pluchino, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An instructive and apparently simple model of fully-coupled rotators, the so-called Hamiltonian Mean Field (HMF) model, together with a generalized version with variable interaction range, have revealed a very complex out-of-equilibrium dynamics which can be considered paradigmatic for nonextensive systems. In this short paper we illustrate the interesting anomalous pre-equilibrium dynamics, focusing on the novel connections to the generalized nonextensive thermostatistics and the recent links to glassy systems.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. To be published by Europhysics News
Multifragmentation of very heavy nuclear systems (III): fragment velocity correlations and event topology at freeze-out
Creators: name: Tãbãcaru, G.
name: Rivet, M. -F.
name: Borderie, B.
name: Pârlog, M.
name: Bouriquet, B.
name: Chbihi, A.
name: Frankland, J. D.
name: Wieleczko, J. -P.
name: Collaboration, the INDRA Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kinetic energy spectra and fragment velocity correlations, simulated by means of stochastic mean-field calculations, are successfully confronted with experimental data for single multifragmenting sources prepared at the same excitation energy per nucleon in 32 AMeV 129Xe+natSn and 36 AMeV 155Gd+natU central collisions. Relying thus on simulations, average freeze-out times of 200-240 fm/c are estimated The corresponding spatial distributions of fragments are more compact for the lighter system (~3-4V\_0 vs ~8V\_0).
description: 20 pages; 9 figures; To be published in Nuclear Physics A
Determinantentheorie, Vorlesung von Victor Eberhard.
Vorlesungsnachschrift, ausgearbeitet von Julius Hurwitz
Creators: name: Hurwitz, Julius
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1890

description: Nachschrift der Vorlesung, vorgetragen im Wintersemester 1890/91 an der Albertus-Universität Königsberg.
Text.
Abschliessend 9 Bl. leer
PEDAGOGIK TA'LIM TEXNOLOGIYALARINI QO'LLASHNING MAZMUN-MOHIYATI
Creators: name: Xaytimmetova, Elmira
name: Jumanova, Gulmira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada pedagogik ta’lim texnologiyalari tushunchasining mohiyati, mazmuni, uni qo’llash usullari, pedagogik ta’lim texnologiyalariga xos bo’lgan muhim belgilar, pedagogik texnologiya tushunchasining darajalari, ajralib turish sabablari, pedagogik texnologiyaning mohiyatini tashkil etuvchi mezonlari bayon etilgan.
SWINE FARM BUSINESS ANALYSIS WORKBOOK
Creators: name: Betz, Roger
name: Staton, Mike
name: Knuth, Janice
name: Schwab, Gerald
name: Nott, Sherrill B.
name: Betz, Roger
name: Staton, Mike
name: Knuth, Janice
name: Schwab, Gerald
name: Nott, Sherrill B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Swine Analysis Workbook Goal : For a one-year period, develop an accrual adjusted income statement.
THE ECONOMICS OF BIOSAFETY: IMPLICATIONS FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Maredia, Mywish K.
name: Maredia, Mywish K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Biosafety
subject: economic aspects
subject: developing countries
subject: agriculture
subject: biotechnology
subject: research

description: There is a growing body of literature on the safe use of biotechnology and the need for an international biosafety protocol and national regulations to facilitate the safe development and transfer of biotechnology. Most of these studies, however, address the issue of biosafety from a scientific, legal, environmental and organizational perspective. The purpose of this paper is to add to this discussion by providing an economic perspective on regulating products of agricultural biotechnology, with special emphasis on implications for developing countries who are under increasing pressure to put a biosafety framework in place. The paper provides a brief discussion on the economic rationale for biosafety regulations, explains the economic benefits and costs of biosafety, and discusses the appropriate form of biosafety policy and the effects of regulation on resource allocation. The benefits of biosafety discussed include - the reduction of possible human and environmental risks of biotechnology products and "accident" costs to the society; increased predictability for a research organization of the expected time and money to get a new product on the market; making the products of biotechnology accessible to a country; and the provision of certainty and stability to the social framework, necessary for the development of biotechnology research and development activities. Developing countries should balance these potential benefits with the tangible costs of biosafety regulation to the biotechnology organizations and the society. To a biotechnology organization, biosafety will increase the research lag, production costs, transaction costs and marketing costs. Given the scarcity of human and physical resources, setting up a biosafety system also poses opportunity costs to the society. The following issues need careful examination in designing a biosafety policy in a developing country: the goal of biosafety policy; the appropriate means of controlling risk; the impact of biosafety on scientific development and private investments; the impact of biosafety on the international transfer of technology and international trade; the incidence of biosafety costs; and the size of biosafety system. Keywords: Biosafety, economic aspects, developing countries, agriculture, biotechnology, research
Einleitung in das Studium der theoretischen Physik, Vorlesung von Paul Oskar Eduard Volkmann.
Geometrie der Lage, Vorlesung von David Hilbert.
Vorlesungsnachschriften, ausgearbeitet von Julius Hurwitz
Creators: name: Hurwitz, Julius
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1891

description: Nachschrift der Vorlesung: Einleitung in das Studium der theoretischen Physik, vorgetragen im Sommersemester 1891 an der Albertus-Universität Königsberg. Paul Oskar Eduard Volkmann war vor seiner Habil. ab 1880 Assist. von Woldemar Voigt. Voigts Lehrbuch "Elementare Mechanik. Als Einleitung in das Studium der theoretischen Physik", Leipzig 1889, enthält die drei Teile: Mechanik materieller Punkte, Mechanik starrer Körper, Mechanik nichtstarrer Körper. In vergleichbarer Weise ist die vorliegende Vorlesung aufgebaut.
Nachschrift der Vorlesung Geometrie der Lage, vorgetragen im Sommersemester 1891 an der Albertus-Universität Königsberg.
Text mit Figuren.
Die erste Nachschrift schliesst mit 13 leeren Blättern ab.
Abschliessend 14 Bl. leer
Short-fragment Na-DNA dilute aqueous solutions: fundamental length scales and screening
Creators: name: Tomic, S.
name: Babic, S. Dolanski
name: Ivek, T.
name: Vuletic, T.
name: Krca, S.
name: Livolant, F.
name: Podgornik, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dielectric spectroscopy is used to investigate fundamental length scales of 146 bp short-fragment (nucleosomal) dilute Na-DNA solutions. Two relaxation modes are detected: the high- and the low-frequency mode. Dependence of the corresponding length scales on the DNA and on the (uni-valent) salt concentration is studied in detail, being different from the case of long, genomic DNA, investigated before. In low added salt regime, the length scale of the high-frequency mode scales as the average separation between DNAs, though it is smaller in absolute magnitude, whereas the length scale of the low-frequency mode is equal to the contour length of DNA. These fundamental length scales in low added salt regime do not depend on whether DNA is in a double stranded or single stranded form. On the other hand, with increasing added salt, the characteristic length scale of low-frequency mode diminishes at low DNA concentrations probably due to dynamical formation of denaturation bubbles and/or fraying in the vicinity of DNA denaturation threshold.
description: Accepted for publication in Europhysics Letters. 5 pages, 4 figures
Accelerating Seismic Migration Using FPGA-based Coprocessor Platform
Creators: name: Lu, Mi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 10399 Numerical and Computational Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Migration is the most important seismic data processing method that recovers subsurface images of the Earth’s interior using surface-recorded data volumes obtained from seismic reflection surveys. A reconfigurable coprocessor platform called SPACE (Seismic data Processing Accelerator with reconfigurable Engine) using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology is proposed in this paper to speed up these computationally demanding and data intensive seismic migration applications. The proposed SPACE platform is characterized by its simple architecture and abundant on-board memory resources along with ultra-wide memory bandwidth, which also makes the platform suitable for other seismic data processing methods or some large-scale scientific computing applications. The time-consuming kernel part of the Pre-Stack Kirchhoff Time Migration (PSTM) algorithm is programmed into the FPGA-based coprocessor platform, which acts as a hardware accelerator attached to an Intel-based workstation through the local Peripheral Controller Interface (PCI) bus. Improved performance can be achieved by integrating a number of parallel running fully pipelined arithmetic modules into a single FPGA chip. Our simulation results show that the proposed coprocessor platform operating at a conservative speed of 50 MHz can calculate the Kirchhoff summations for 50 million points per second, which is about 15.6 times faster than a referential 2.4 GHz Pentium 4 workstation. The impressive performance of the proposed platform implies its broad applications in seismic data processing industry
Anwendungen der Differential- und Integralrechnung, Vorlesung von einem unbekannten Dozent.
Vorlesungsnachschrift, ausgearbeitet von Unbekannt
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1851

description: Vorlesungsnachschrift (Autor unbekannt), ohne Ort, ohne Datum.
Text mit Figuren. Die Kapitelüberschriften lauten: Von der Berührung ebener Kurven (Kap. I). Von der Quadratur ebener Kurven (Kap. II). Von der Kubatur und Komplanation der Rotationskörper (Kap. III). Es folgen noch weitere Abschnitte, beginnend mit "Maxima und Minima".
Zu Beginn 2 leere Bl. (4 S.) ohne Wiederholung der Rückenbeschr. "Anwendungen der Diff. und Integralrechnung".
Abschliessend 3 Bl. leer
CHANCE GOVERNS ALL: THE FRAGMENTED, FRUSTATING STATE OF AGRICULTURAL TRADE POLICY IN THE UNITED STATES.
Creators: name: Browne, William P.
name: Schweikhardt, David B.
name: Bonnen, James T.
name: Browne, William P.
name: Schweikhardt, David B.
name: Bonnen, James T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The U.S. agricultural policy process is marked by a proliferation of organized interests and rising transaction costs. These pose a barrier for countries negotiating with the United States on trade issues. This paper examines the causes of this proliferation of interests, the impact of this proliferation on trade policy decisions, and the consequences of these escalating transaction costs for countries negotiating with the United States. The results suggest that other countries must anticipate that the U.S. position in trade negotiations will be the result of an accommodation of conflicting interests and that any agreement will pass Congress only if it contains gains for U.S. export industries.
Implications of new physics in $B \to K_1 μ^+ μ^-$ decay processes
Creators: name: Bhatta, Aishwarya
name: Mohanta, Rukmani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent times, several discrepancies at the level of $(2-3)σ$ have been observed in the decay processes mediated by flavour changing neutral current (FCNC) transitions $b \to s \ell^+ \ell^-$, which may be considered as the smoking-gun signal of New Physics (NP). These intriguing hints of NP have attracted a lot of attention and many attempts are made to look for the possible NP signature in other related processes, which are mediated through the same quark-level transitions. In this work, we perform a comprehensive analysis of the FCNC decays of $B$ meson to axial vector mesons $ K_1(1270)$ and $ K_1(1400)$, which are admixture of the $1^3P_1$ and $1^1P_1$ states $K_{1A}$ and $K_{1B}$, in a model independent framework. Using the $ B \to K_1$ form factors evaluated in the light cone sum rule approach, we investigate the rare exclusive semileptonic decays $ B \to K_1(1270) μ^+ μ^-$ and $ B \to K_1(1400) μ^+ μ^-$. Considering all the possible relevant operators for $b \to s \ell^+ \ell^-$ transitions, we study their effects on various observables such as branching fractions, lepton flavor universality violating ratio ($R_{K_1})$, forward-backward asymmetries, and lepton polarization asymmetries of these processes. These results will not only enhance the theoretical understanding of the mixing angle but also serve as a good tool for probing New Physics.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures
Charge order in Fe2OBO3: An LSDA+U study
Creators: name: Leonov, I.
name: Yaresko, A. N.
name: Antonov, V. N.
name: Attfield, J. P.
name: Anisimov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge ordering in the low-temperature monoclinic structure of iron oxoborate (Fe2OBO3) is investigated using the local spin density approximation (LSDA)+U method. While the difference between t_{2g} minority occupancies of Fe^{2+} and Fe^{3+} cations is large and gives direct evidence for charge ordering, the static "screening" is so effective that the total 3d charge separation is rather small. The occupied Fe^{2+} and Fe^{3+} cations are ordered alternately within the chain which is infinite along the a-direction. The charge order obtained by LSDA+U is consistent with observed enlargement of the βangle. An analysis of the exchange interaction parameters demonstrates the predominance of the interribbon exchange interactions which determine the whole L-type ferrimagnetic spin structure.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Phonon modes of monoclinic BiB3O6
Creators: name: Gössling, A.
name: Möller, T.
name: Stein, W. -D.
name: Becker, P.
name: Bohatý, L.
name: Grüninger, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the phonon modes of the monoclinic compound BiB3O6 based on polarized reflectivity measurements on single crystals. The spectra are analysed by means of a generalized Drude-Lorentz model, which allows us to resolve the modes of A and B symmetry.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, revised version
Group-Alignment based Accurate Floating-Point Summation on FPGAs
Creators: name: Lu, Mi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 10399 Numerical and Computational Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Floating-point summation is one of the most important operations in scientific/numerical computing applications and also a basic subroutine (SUM) in BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms) library. However, standard floating-point arithmetic based summation algorithms may not always result in accurate solutions because of possible catastrophic cancellations. To make the situation worse, the sequence of consecutive additions will affect the final result, which makes it impossible to produce a unique solution for the same input dataset on different computer platforms with different software compilers. The emergence of high-density reconfigurable hardware devices gives us an option to customize high-performance arithmetic units for our specific computing problems. In this paper, we design an FPGA-based hardware algorithm for accurate floating-point summations using group alignment technique. The corresponding fullpipelined summation unit is proven to provide similar or even better numerical errors than standard floating-point arithmetic. Moreover, it consumes much less RC resources as well as pipelining stages than existent designs, but achieves the optimal working speed at one summation per clock cycle with only moderate start-up latency. This new technique can also be used to accelerate executions of other linear algebra subroutines on FPGAs and result in much more efficient and compact implementations without negative impact on computational performance or numerical accuracy.
Notes on hyperloops in N=4 Chern-Simons-matter theories
Creators: name: Drukker, Nadav
name: Tenser, Marcia
name: Trancanelli, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new circular Wilson loops in three-dimensional N=4 quiver Chern-Simons-matter theory on S^3. At any given node of the quiver, a two-parameter family of operators can be obtained by opportunely deforming the 1/4 BPS Gaiotto-Yin loop. Including then adjacent nodes, the coupling to the bifundamental matter fields allows to enlarge this family and to construct loop operators based on superconnections. We discuss their classification, which depends on both discrete data and continuous parameters subject to an identification. The resulting moduli spaces are conical manifolds, similar to the conifold of the 1/6 BPS loops of the ABJ(M) theory.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures; v2: minor changes, added reference
Tomato Farmer Participation in Supermarket Market Channels in Guatemala: Determinants and Technology and Income Effects
Creators: name: Hernandez, Ricardo
name: Reardon, Thomas
name: Berdegue, Julio A.
name: Hernandez, Ricardo
name: Reardon, Thomas
name: Berdegue, Julio A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The paper shows that in a comparison between supermarket channels (working via dedicated wholesalers) and traditional channels, farmers selling to supermarkets tend to be in the upper-end of the "small farmer" category (whereas the traditional-channel growers are in the smaller end), have more capital (in particular, irrigation, which allows them to supply all year and attain greater productivity and consistency), and be much more specialized in commercial horticulture in general and in tomatoes in particular, as compared to the traditional farmers. While they have higher yields, they also have higher input use, including use of chemicals, and these greater input expenditures (accompanied by more credit and technical assistance from the chemical companies) means that their profit rate is roughly similar to the farmers in the traditional channel. They tell us that they prefer still the more demanding wholesale-supermarket channel because it offers a lower risk and lower transaction cost outlet for the variety of their qualities and grades, all year. In turn, the supermarkets, who do not buy direct but rather source from a few dedicated wholesalers, rely on this year-round supply, lower transaction costs, and consistency. While the share of supermarkets in the produce market in Guatemala is still minor, these results mean merely that the more capitalized-tier of small farmers enjoy some advantages with the new channel, but also some entry costs that the traditional farmers as of yet do not face. As the supermarket channel grows, it is expected that more and more farmers will need to capitalized in ways that will either make them competitive in the new market, or in the traditional markets that will doubtless evolve to maintain competitiveness themselves. Development programs over the medium-long run will need to take into account the changing nature of farm-level investments thus implied.
FRUIT FARM BUSINESS ANALYSIS WORKBOOK
Creators: name: Betz, Roger
name: Staton, Mike
name: Knuth, Janice
name: Schwab, Gerald
name: Nott, Sherrill B.
name: Betz, Roger
name: Staton, Mike
name: Knuth, Janice
name: Schwab, Gerald
name: Nott, Sherrill B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Fruit Farm Analysis Workbook. Goal : For a one-year period, develop an accrual adjusted income statement.
Weckerling, Rudolf (hrsg.), Jenseits vom Nullpunkt?
Creators: name: Motel, Hans-Beat
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 22 Nr. 3 (1973): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 22, Heft 3
An Assessment of the Economic Impacts of the September 11 Terrorist Attacks: Ten Tentative Conclusions
Creators: name: Schweikhardt, David B.
name: Schweikhardt, David B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Political Economy

description: As the United States attempts to recover from the September 11 terrorist attacks in New York and Washington, D.C., an issue of increasing concern is the impact of these events on the U.S. economy. One of the most frequently asked questions today, for example, is "Are we in a recession or are we likely to enter a recession in the next few months?" It is impossible for anyone to give precise predictions of the impact of these events on the economy, but it is critical that the status of the economy be understood as future events unfold. This paper reviews some evidence on the state of the U.S. economy before September 10, the state of the economy after September 12, and the policy alternatives available to address the possibility of a recession during the coming months.
Numerical Modeling and Inverse Design of Complex Nanophotonic Systems
Creators: name: Baxter, Joshua Stuart Johannes
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2024
Subjects: Nanophotonics
Plasmonics
Photonics
Optics
FDTD
Inverse design
Deep Learning

description: Nanophotonics is the study and technological application of the interaction of electromagnetic waves (light) and matter at the nanometer scale. The field's extensive research focuses on generating, detecting, and controlling light using nanoscale features such as nanoparticles, waveguides, resonators, nanoantennas, and more. Exploration in the field is highly dependent on computational methods, which simulate how light will interact with matter in specific situations. However, as nanophotonics advances, so must the computational techniques. In this thesis, I present my work in various numerical studies in nanophotonics, sorted into three categories; plasmonics, inverse design, and deep learning. In plasmonics, I have developed methods for solving advanced material models (including nonlinearities) for small metallic and epsilon-near-zero features and validated them with other theoretical and experimental results. For inverse design, I introduce new methods for designing optical pulse shapes and metalenses for focusing high-harmonic generation. Finally, I used deep learning to model plasmonic colour generation from structured metal surfaces and to predict plasmonic nanoparticle multipolar responses.
FACIAL FEATURE EXTRACTION FROM RANGE IMAGES USING A 3D MORPHABLE MODEL
Creators: name: Lu, Mi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80106 Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a novel scheme is introduced for human facial feature extraction. Unlike previous methods that fit a 3D morphable model to 2D intensity images, our scheme utilizes 3D range images to extract features without requiring manually-defined initial landmark points. A linear transformation is used to achieve the mapping between the 3D model and a 3D range image, which makes the computation simple and fast. Moreover, our scheme is robust to the illumination and pose variations. In addition to features from range images, extra features can be obtained by examining optional 2D texture images. Using our scheme, we can also perform automatic eye/mouth corner localization. Experimental results show the high accuracy and robustness of our scheme.
Ionisation state, excited populations and emission of impurities in dynamic finite density plasmas. I: The generalised collisional-radiative model for light elements
Creators: name: Summers, H. P.
name: Dickson, W. J.
name: O'Mullane, M. G.
name: Badnell, N. R.
name: Whiteford, A. D.
name: Brooks, D. H.
name: Lang, J.
name: Loch, S. D.
name: Griffin, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents an integrated view of the population structure and its role in establishing the ionisation state of light elements in dynamic, finite density, laboratory and astrophysical plasmas. There are four main issues, the generalised collisional-radiative picture for metastables in dynamic plasmas with Maxwellian free electrons and its particularising to light elements, the methods of bundling and projection for manipulating the population equations, the systematic production/use of state selective fundamental collision data in the metastable resolved picture to all levels for collisonal-radiative modelling and the delivery of appropriate derived coefficients for experiment analysis. The ions of carbon, oxygen and neon are used in illustration. The practical implementation of the methods described here is part of the ADAS Project.
description: At Press for Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. 33 pages, 11 figures
ХОРИЖИЙ ДАВЛАТЛАР ҚОНУНЧИЛИГИДА АТРОФ ТАБИЙ МУҲИТНИ БУЗГАНЛИК УЧУН ЖИНОИЙ ЖАВОБГАРЛИК МАСАЛАЛАРИ
Creators: name: Шерматов, Элёр
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Мазкур мақолада хорижий давлатлар қонунчилигида атроф табий муҳитни бузганлик учун жиноий жавобгарлик масалалари таҳлил этилган. Шунингдек, мақолада ер соҳасидаги муносабатларни жиноят-ҳуқуқий муҳофаза қилишга қаратилган масалалар ҳам баён этилган.
Ordering of geometrically frustrated classical and quantum Ising magnets
Creators: name: Jiang, Ying
name: Emig, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic study of both classical and quantum geometric frustrated Ising models with a competing ordering mechanism is reported in this paper. The ordering comes in the classical case from a coupling of 2D layers and in the quantum model from the quantum dynamics induced by a transverse field. By mapping the Ising models on a triangular lattice to elastic lattices of non-crossing strings, we derive an exact relation between the spin variables and the displacement field of the strings. Using this map both for the classical (2+1)D stacked model and the quantum frustrated 2D system, we obtain a microscopic derivation of an effective Hamiltonian which was proposed before on phenomenological grounds within a Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson approach. In contrast to the latter approach, our derivation provides the coupling constants and hence the entire transverse field--versus--temperature phase diagram can be deduced, including the universality classes of both the quantum and the finite--temperature transitions. The structure of the ordered phase is obtained from a detailed entropy argument. We compare our predictions to recent simulations of the quantum system and find good agreement. We also analyze the connections to a dimer model on the hexagonal lattice and its height profile representation, providing a simple derivation of the continuum free energy and a physical explanation for the universality of the stiffness of the height profile for anisotropic couplings.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
New Class of Integrable Maps of the Plane: Manin Transformations with Involution Curves
Creators: name: van der Kamp, Peter H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For cubic pencils we define the notion of an involution curve. This is a curve which intersects each curve of the pencil in exactly one non-base point of the pencil. Involution curves can be used to construct integrable maps of the plane which leave invariant a cubic pencil.
How to fit the degree distribution of the air network?
Creators: name: Li, Wei
name: Wang, Qiuping A.
name: Nivanen, Laurent
name: Méhauté, Alain Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate three different approaches for fitting the degree distributions of China-, US- and the composite China+US air network, in order to reveal the nature of such distributions and the potential theoretical background on which they are based. Our first approach is the fitting with q-statistics probability distribution, done separately in two regimes. This yields acceptable outcomes but generates two sets of fitting parameters. The second approach is an entire fitting to all data points with the formula proposed by Tsallis et al. So far, this trial is not able to produce consistent results. In the third approach, we fit the data with two composite distributions which may lack theoretical support for the moment.
description: 21 pages, 11 eps figures, to be published in Physica A (2006), PACS: 02.60.Ed; 89.40.Dd; 89.75.Da; 89.75.-k; 05.10.-a
Hypselostoma Benson 1856
Creators: name: Sutcharit, Chirasak
name: Ngor, Peng Bun
name: Páll-Gergely, Barna
name: Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai
name: Siriwut, Warut
name: Srisonchai, Ruttapon
name: Ng, Ting Hui
name: Jirapatrasilp, Parin
name: Panha, Somsak
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Gastrocoptidae
Hypselostoma

description: Genus Hypselostoma Benson, 1856
 Tanystoma Benson, 1856a: 129 (non Motschulsky 1845: Coleoptera, Carabidae). Hypselostoma Benson, 1856b: 342 (new replacement name).
 Type species
 Tanystoma tubiferum Benson, 1856a, by monotypy.
 Remarks
 In Cambodia, three Hypselostoma species have been reported but only from the Mekong Delta limestone hills in the southern region: viz. H. benetuitum Vermeulen et al., 2019, H. cambodjense Benthem Jutting, 1962, and H. discobasis Vermeulen et al., 2019 (Benthem Jutting 1962; Vermeulen et al. 2019b; Sutcharit et al. 2020b).
description: Published as part of Sutcharit, Chirasak, Ngor, Peng Bun, Páll-Gergely, Barna, Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai, Siriwut, Warut, Srisonchai, Ruttapon, Ng, Ting Hui, Jirapatrasilp, Parin & Panha, Somsak, 2023, Notes on the hypselostomatid snails (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from limestone hills in Western Cambodia with a new record and a new species, pp. 1287-1303 in Journal of Natural History 57 (25 - 28) on page 1290, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2023.2223386, http://zenodo.org/record/10479166
End-to-end application behavior in general packet radio service (GPRS) networks
Creators: name: Pandey, Aparna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis is a part of the joint project undertaken by UBC and Motorola, Richmond. The aim of this thesis was to develop an end-to-end General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) network simulator and to investigate the end-to-end performance behavior at the application level. GPRS is a packet-switched service, which offers packet-data services like support of internet applications over wireless cellular networks. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a widely used transport protocol for internet applications. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that uses ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) to ensure reliability. TCP has its own mechanisms for dealing with congestion in the network. However, TCP was not made with wireless networks like GPRS in mind. GPRS has RLC (Radio Link Control) layer, which may work in ACK mode and deal with the errors encountered by the data frames in the wireless medium by the means of ARQ or RLC may operate in UNACK mode and not be responsible for any error-recovery. It is an open question whether the RLC operating in ACK mode with TCP, complements TCP's effort of errorrecovery or is it more desirable for RLC to operate in UNACK mode. It has been shown in literature that for a single Mobile Station in the network, the RLC layer retransmissions (in ACK mode) do counteract the error encountered in the wireless media and TCP adjusts its behavior such that there is no unnecessary retransmission. In this thesis an end-to-end General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) network simulator was modeled using a network simulation tool, OPNET. Some of the issues examined were: • Whether RLC should operate in ACK mode or UNACK mode. • The maximum number of retransmissions at the RLC layer for optimal performance. • The limitation imposed on maximum offered load to optimize the performance. • If TCP allows support of multiple Mobile Stations without unacceptable performance degradation. It was noted that for optimal performance RLC should operate in ACK mode and maximum number of RLC retransmissions can be limited. It was also observed that for best results, the number of users for the same maximum offered load should be reduced and that TCP does not flood the network with unnecessary retransmissions.
Kiaeroceras ormsoense Strand 1934
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Cyrtogomphoceratidae
Kiaeroceras
Kiaeroceras ormsoense

description: Kiaeroceras (?) cf. ormsoense
Fig. 35J
Material examined
ESTONIA • 1 spec.; Vormsi Island, Saxby shore (N); Kõrgessaare Formation, Vormsi Regional Stage; TUG 1680-20.
Description
Specimen TUG 1680-20 is a slightly endogastrically curved fragment of a mature body chamber and four chambers of the phragmocone. The conch surface is apparently smooth. At the base of the body chamber the conch height is 47 mm. The body chamber is 52 mm long, with parts of the peristome preserved. In lateral view, the dorsal and ventral margins of the body chamber are straight. The preserved part of the phragmocone is 20 mm long and increases in height from 43 mm to 47 mm (angle of expansion = 11°). At its adapical end, the conch width is 40 mm (CHI = 1.08). There, the conch cross section is elliptically rounded. The sutures are directly transverse and 6 mm apart where the conch height is 45 mm (RCL = 0.13)
Remarks
The specimen is similar in conch shape, suture spacing, suture shape and siphuncular shape and position to K. (?) ormsoense sp. nov. but differs from this species in angle of expansion and mature size. More material is needed to evaluate the interspecific variability in mature size among specimens of K. (?) ormsoense in order to establish a new species for the two specimens described above.
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on page 109, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
Unified approach to data-driven quantum error mitigation
Creators: name: Lowe, Angus
name: Gordon, Max Hunter
name: Czarnik, Piotr
name: Arrasmith, Andrew
name: Coles, Patrick J.
name: Cincio, Lukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Achieving near-term quantum advantage will require effective methods for mitigating hardware noise. Data-driven approaches to error mitigation are promising, with popular examples including zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) and Clifford data regression (CDR). Here we propose a novel, scalable error mitigation method that conceptually unifies ZNE and CDR. Our approach, called variable-noise Clifford data regression (vnCDR), significantly outperforms these individual methods in numerical benchmarks. vnCDR generates training data first via near-Clifford circuits (which are classically simulable) and second by varying the noise levels in these circuits. We employ a noise model obtained from IBM's Ourense quantum computer to benchmark our method. For the problem of estimating the energy of an 8-qubit Ising model system, vnCDR improves the absolute energy error by a factor of 33 over the unmitigated results and by factors 20 and 1.8 over ZNE and CDR, respectively. For the problem of correcting observables from random quantum circuits with 64 qubits, vnCDR improves the error by factors of 2.7 and 1.5 over ZNE and CDR, respectively.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, new numerical results added
The dynamically asymmetric SQUID: Münchhausen effect
Creators: name: Thomann, A. U.
name: Geshkenbein, V. B.
name: Blatter, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a complex zero-temperature decay channel of a classical object in a metastable state coupled to a quantum degree of freedom. This setting can be realized in a dc-SQUID where both Josephson-junctions have identical critical currents I_c but feature strongly asymmetric dynamical parameters; more precisely, selecting both parameters C and 1/R adequately large for one and small for the other junction makes the first junction behave essentially classical but lets quantum effects be present for the second one. The decay process is initiated by the tunneling of the quantum junction, which distorts the trapping potential of the classical junction; the metastable state of the latter then becomes unstable if the distortion is large enough. We present the dynamical phase diagram of this system providing the dependence of this decay channel on the external bias current I and on the coupling strength between the two junctions, determined by the loop inductance L.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the VORTEX V proceedings in Physica C
Infrared absorption in a quantum wire in the presence of spin-orbit coupling: a technique to measure different types of spin-orbit interaction strengths
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, S.
name: Sarkar, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the dominant absorption peak due to inter-subband transition in a gated quantum wire, with two occupied subbands, will split into a main peak and two satellite peaks if both Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions are present. One satellite peak will be red-shifted, and the other blue-shifted. From the relative intensity of either satellite peak, and the magnitude of the red- or blue-shift, we can determine both Rashba and Dresselhaus interaction strengths separately, if we also carry out a Hall measurement to determine the carrier concentration and a quantized conductance step measurement to determine the energy separation between subbands. This method may be a convenient alternative to usual magneto-transport measurements used to measure spin orbit interaction strengths. It is also more powerful because it allows us to measure the strengths of the two types of interactions separately.
description: Changes made in response to reviewer comments
Transdiagnostic risk factors and the relative reinforcing efficacy of cigarettes
Creators: name: Borges, Allison Marie
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Distress intolerance (DI) and negative urgency (NU) are risk factors characterizing internalizing disorders and cigarette smoking. The transdiagnostic emotional vulnerabilities model suggests that such risk factors may explain the association between internalizing disorders and smoking wherein smokers with internalizing pathology may smoke to reduce affective distress. However, little research has examined whether DI and NU affect the relative reinforcing efficacy (RRE) of cigarettes in the context of affective distress. The current study utilized a multi-method approach to examine the interactive effects of DI or NU and condition on subjective and behavioral indices of the RRE of cigarettes. No significant interactive effects of DI or NU and condition on the RRE of cigarettes were observed. Trending interactions emerged for DI and condition on one index of cigarette demand, and trending interactions emerged for NU and condition on two indices of puff topography. Main effects of sex, condition, and NU on indices of RRE were also observed. These preliminary findings suggest different conditional effects of affective distress for DI and NU on the RRE of cigarettes.
Limits on the primordial stellar multiplicity
Creators: name: Goodwin, Simon P.
name: Kroupa, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most stars - especially young stars - are observed to be in multiple systems. Dynamical evolution is unable to pair stars efficiently, which leads to the conclusion that star-forming cores must usually fragment into \geq 2 stars. However, the dynamical decay of systems with \geq 3 or 4 stars would result in a large single-star population that is not seen in the young stellar population. Additionally, ejections would produce a significant population of hard binaries that are not observed. This leads to a strong constraint on star formation theories that cores must typically produce only 2 or 3 stars. This conclusion is in sharp disagreement with the results of currently available numerical simulations that follow the fragmentation of molecular cores and typically predict the formation of 5--10 seeds per core. In addition, open cluster remnants may account for the majority of observed highly hierarchical higher-order multiple systems in the field.
description: A&A in press, 5 pages (no figures)
Two-membrane cavity optomechanics: non-linear dynamics
Creators: name: Piergentili, Paolo
name: Li, Wenlin
name: Natali, Riccardo
name: Malossi, Nicola
name: Vitali, David
name: Di Giuseppe, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-linear dynamics of a multimode optomechanical system constituted of a driven high-finesse Fabry-Pérot cavity containing two vibrating dielectric membranes. The analytical study allows to derive a full and consistent description of the displacement detection by a probe beam in the non-linear regime, enabling the faithful detection of membrane displacements well above the usual sensing limit corresponding to the cavity linewidth. In the weak driving regime where the system is in a pre-synchronized situation, the unexcited oscillator has a small, synchronized component at the frequency of the excited one; both large and small amplitude resonator motions are transduced in a nontrivial way by the non-linear response of the optical probe beam. We find perfect agreement between the experimental results, the numerical simulations, and an analytical approach based on slowly-varying amplitude equations.
Prediction of pseudogap formation due to $d$-wave bond-order in organic superconductor $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$X
Creators: name: Tazai, Rina
name: Yamakawa, Youichi
name: Tsuchiizu, Masahisa
name: Kontani, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rich hidden unconventional orders with pseudogap formation, such as the inter-site bond-order (BO), attract increasing attention in condensed matter physics. Here, we investigate the hidden order formation in organic unconventional superconductor $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$X. We predict the formation of $d$-wave BO at wavelength $q=Q_B=(δ,δ)$ ($δ=0.38π$) for the first time, based on both the functional renormalization group (fRG) and the density-wave equation theories. The origin of the BO is the quantum interference among antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations. This prediction leads to distinct pseudogap-like reduction in the NMR $1/T_1$ relaxation rate and in the density-of-states, consistently with essential experimental reports. The present theory would be applicable for other strongly correlated metals with pseudogap formation.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, Figure 4 (e) has been added, to be published in Phys. Rev. Research