11.3 Transparency: The Emerging Third Dimension of Open Science
Creators: name: Lyon, Elizabeth Josephine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Open Science, transparency, libraries

description: Presenting the 3D Model of Open Science Lyon (2009) described a Continuum of Openness with two orthogonal axes: Access and Participation. The 2D model is extended here to include a third dimension: transparency. An overview of transparency initiatives to create open and reproducible science protocols, processes and products, is grounded within scholarly communications, the research life cycle, and the role of libraries. Initiatives described include principles of replication and reproducibility, the controversy around peerreview failures and the current retraction epidemic. Practical approaches towards greater transparency, including electronic laboratory notebooks and workflow sharing platforms, the Reproducibility Initiative, Reproducibility Projects in Cancer and Psychology, the Science Exchange Validation Service and the publication format of Registered Reports, will be assessed. Open data peer-review processes and incentivising efforts e.g. GigaScience partnership with Publons, will be described. Five thematic questions will be addressed: How does this trend or initiative impact on libraries What new skills and knowledge are required by librarians What new library services might be developed What partnerships will be required What LIS leadership opportunities will emerge? Identifying new LIS opportunities to promote transparency in open science, academic libraries have a key role in engaging and contributing in this arena, and there are implications for library service development and LIS education. Four innovative action steps are proposed: 1. Lead on inclusion of transparency principles as part of institutional policy: ensure that OA and RDM policy reflect the third dimension of open science, through requirements for transparent science processes, methodologies and peer review Act as a transparency advocate with faculty: new Research Data Services can include advising on reproducible methods, and validation approaches with reproducibility training for new-entrant researchers Adopt infrastructure to support open protocols and processes: libraries can build on open data repositories, and existing disciplinary infrastructure for open source code hubs, open workflow and methods banks Produce transparency-savvy LIS graduates: University of Pittsburgh iSchool course exemplars (Research Data Management and Research Data Infrastructures), which address reproducibility, validation and transparency, will be described. <strong>Dr Liz Lyon</strong> is a Visiting Professor in the School of Information Sciences (iSchool), University of Pittsburgh, where she teaches new graduate classes on Research Data Management and Research Data Infrastructures. She has a PhD in Biological Sciences and was previously Associate Director of the UK Digital Curation Centre and Director of UKOLN Informatics at the University of Bath. Her research includes developing an understanding of disciplinary capability for data-intensive research with funding from Microsoft Research. She is a frequent international speaker, giving keynotes in North America, Europe and Australasia. She has served on various Boards, including the NSF Advisory Committee for Cyber-Infrastructure and as Co-Chair of the DataONE International Advisory Board.