cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
EHT observables as a tool to estimate parameters of supermassive black holes
Creators: name: Afrin, Misba
name: Ghosh, Sushant G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration unveiled event-horizon-scale images of the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) M87* and Sgr A*, revealing a dark brightness depression, namely the black hole shadow, whose shape and size may encode the parameters of the SMBHs, and the shadow is consistent with that of a Kerr black hole. It furnishes another encouraging tool to estimate black hole parameters and test theories of gravity in extreme regions near the event horizon. We propose a technique that uses EHT observables, the angular shadow diameter $d_{sh}$ and the axis ratio $\mathcal{D}_A$, to estimate the parameters associated with SMBHs, described by the Kerr metric. Unlike previous methods, our approach explicitly considers the uncertainties in the measurement of EHT observables. Modelling Kerr--Newman and three rotating regular spacetimes to be M87* and Sgr A* and applying our technique, we estimate the associated charge parameters along with spin. Our method is consistent with the existing formalisms and can be applied to shadow shapes that are more general and may not be circular. We can use the technique for other SMBHs once their EHT observables become accessible. With future, more accurate measurements of the EHT observables, the estimation of various SMBH parameters like the spin and inclination angles of M87* and Sgr A* would be more precise.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Matched to the published version
(102685) Marian [Cochrane]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(102684) Hugh Cochrane
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Vesicular Ca2+-induced secretion promoted by intracellular pH-gradient disruption
Creators: name: Wightman, R. Mark
name: Haynes, Christy L.
name: Buhler, Leah A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The actions of the protonophore CCCP on intracellular Ca2+ regulation and exocytosis in chromaffin cells have been examined. Simultaneous fura-2 imaging and amperometry reveal that exposure to CCCP not only perturbs mitochondrial function but that it also alters vesicular storage of Ca2+ and catecholamines. By disrupting the pH gradient of the secretory vesicle membrane, the protonophore allows both Ca2+ and catecholamine to leak into the cytosol. Unlike the high cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations resulting from mitochondrial membrane disruption, Ca2+ leakage from secretory vesicles may initiate exocytotic release. In conjunction with previous studies, this work reveals that catalytic and self-sustained vesicular Ca2+-induced exocytosis occurs with extended exposure to weak acid or base protonophores.
(102683) Jessie Maria Cochrane
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(102681) William Henry Greville Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Excess Vibrational Density of States and the Brittle to Ductile Transition in Crystalline and Amorphous Solids
Creators: name: Babu, Jeetu S.
name: Mondal, Chandana
name: Sengupta, Surajit
name: Karmakar, Smarajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conditions which determine whether a material behaves in a brittle or ductile fashion on mechanical loading are still elusive and comprise a topic of active research among materials physicists and engineers. In this study, we present results of {\em in silico} mechanical deformation experiments from two very different model solids in two and three dimensions. The first consists of particles interacting with isotropic potentials and the other has strongly direction dependent interactions. We show that in both cases, the excess vibrational density of states is the fundamental quantity which characterises the ductility of the material. Our results can be checked using careful experiments on colloidal solids.
Thomas Fischer (Hrsg.), Die römischen Provinzen. Eine Einführung in ihre Archäologie
Creators: name: Faber, Andrea
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2023

description: Rezension zu: Thomas Fischer (Hrsg.), Die römischen Provinzen. Eine Einführung in ihre Archäologie. Unter Mitarbeit von Michael Altjohann. Konrad Theiss Verlag GmbH, Stuttgart 2001. 32,— €. ISBN 3-8062-1591-X. 396 Seiten mit zahlreichen Abbildungen.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 82 Nr. 1 (2004)
A revisit to the one-form kinetic model of prothrombinase: A comment on the rebuttal
Creators: name: Wu, Sangwook
name: Eun, Changsun
name: Lee, Chang Jun
name: Pedersen, Lee G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Thrombin is generated enzymatically from prothrombin by two pathways with the intermediates of meizothrombin and prethrombin-2. Experimental concentration profiles from two independent groups for these two pathways have been re-analyzed. By rationally combining the independent data sets, a simple mechanism can be established and rate constants determined. A structural model is consistent with the data-derived finding that mechanisms that feature channeling or ratcheting are not necessary to describe thrombin production.
Combined low-intensity laser therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy on healing of chronic diabetic foot ulcers: a controlled randomized trial
Creators: name: Eraky, Zeezy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420106
subject: Physiotherapy

description: Abstract Purpose: This investigation was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) photobio modulation (PBM) and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on healing of prolonged diabetic foot ulcers. Patients and Methods: One hundred patients with chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFU); their ages ranged from 40-65 years. The patients were assigned randomly into four groups. Control group received conventional wound care only, LLLT group received GaAlAs diode laser, its power output was1440 mW with following wave lengths: 5 x 850 nm 200 mW, 12 x 670 nm 10mW, 8 x 880 nm 25 mW, 8 x 950nm 15mW and energy density (flounce) was adjusted for 4 J/cm2 with pulse frequency of 10 KHZ, each session lasted 8 minutes for 3 times per week day after day. HBOT group received 100%pure oxygen under 2.5 ATA delivered for 60 minutes per session for 30 sessions with 5 sessions per week for6 successive weeks. Combined group received combination of both LLLT and HBOT. All groups received standard wound care in addition to their program. Measurements for ulcer surface area (USA) by transparent method and ulcer volume (UV) by volumetric method were performed before starting the study, in the second, fourth- and sixth-weeks post treatment. Results: MANOVA test revealed that there was statistically significant reduction in USA and UV in the LLLT, HBOT and Combined groups (P-value= 001 and 0.0001 in all groups respectively). Regarding USA, there were insignificant differences among groups in the second, fourth, and sixth weeks (P-value= 0.01 for all measurements). Regarding ulcer volume, there were substantial variations post- 2, 4, and 6-weeks tests (P-value= 0.01, 0.0001, and 0.0001 respectively). Multiple comparison in-between groups showed insignificant differences in-between the experimental groups. Conclusion: The combination therapy between LLLT does not accelerate the healing rate in chronic DFU more than and LLLT or HBOT alone.
Helium as a signature of the double detonation in Type Ia supernovae
Creators: name: Collins, Christine E.
name: Sim, Stuart A.
name: Shingles, Luke. J.
name: Gronow, Sabrina
name: Roepke, Friedrich K.
name: Pakmor, Ruediger
name: Seitenzahl, Ivo R.
name: Kromer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The double detonation is a widely discussed mechanism to explain Type Ia supernovae from explosions of sub-Chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs. In this scenario, a helium detonation is ignited in a surface helium shell on a carbon/oxygen white dwarf, which leads to a secondary carbon detonation. Explosion simulations predict high abundances of unburnt helium in the ejecta, however, radiative transfer simulations have not been able to fully address whether helium spectral features would form. This is because helium can not be sufficiently excited to form spectral features by thermal processes, but can be excited by collisions with non-thermal electrons, which most studies have neglected. We carry out a full non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) radiative transfer simulation for an instance of a double detonation explosion model, and include a non-thermal treatment of fast electrons. We find a clear He I λ 10830 feature which is strongest in the first few days after explosion and becomes weaker with time. Initially this feature is blended with the Mg II λ 10927 feature but over time separates to form a secondary feature to the blue wing of the Mg II λ 10927 feature. We compare our simulation to observations of iPTF13ebh, which showed a similar feature to the blue wing of the Mg II λ 10927 feature, previously identified as C I. Our simulation shows a good match to the evolution of this feature and we identify it as high velocity He I λ 10830. This suggests that He I λ 10830 could be a signature of the double detonation scenario.
description: 7 pages, accepted by MNRAS
(102674) Frederick Martin Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Identification of interstellar amino acetonitrile in the hot molecular core G10.47+0.03: Possible glycine survey candidate for the future
Creators: name: Manna, Arijit
name: Pal, Sabyasachi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amino acids are the essential keys that contribute to the study of the formation of life. The simplest amino acid, glycine (NH$_{2}$CH$_{2}$COOH), has been searched for a long time in the interstellar medium, but all surveys of glycine have failed. Since the detection of glycine in the interstellar medium was extremely difficult, we aimed to search for the precursor of glycine. After detailed searches of the individual prebiotic molecular species, we successfully identified the emission lines of possible glycine precursor molecule amino acetonitrile (NH$_{2}$CH$_{2}$CN) towards the hot molecular core G10.47+0.03 using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array. We estimated the statistical column density of amino acetonitrile was (9.10$\pm$0.7)$\times$10$^{15}$ cm$^{-2}$ with rotational temperature ($T_{rot}$) 122$\pm$8.8 K. The estimated fractional abundance of amino acetonitrile was 7.01$\times$10$^{-8}$. We found that the estimated fractional abundance of NH$_{2}$CH$_{2}$CN fairly agrees with the theoretical value predicted by the three-phase warm-up model from Garrod (2013).
description: Accepted for publication in Life Sciences in Space Research; 9 pages, 3 figures
(102673) Mary Christian Law
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Dipole-dipole polarizability of the cadmium $\mathbf{^1S_0}$ state revisited
Creators: name: Hohm, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental results and high-level quantum chemical ab initio calculations of the static polarizability $α_0=α(ω=0)$ of the cadmium ${^1S_0}$ state are still in marked disagreement. Here we analyze this discrepancy by using experimentally determined dipole oscillator strength distributions (DOSD). It will be shown that within this procedure the experimentally determined static polarizability $α_0$ will shift from $49.7 \pm 1.6~$au to considerably lower values. We now conclude an experimentally determined polarizability of $α_0=47.5 \pm 2.0~$au in much better agreement with the latest calculations of $α_0 \approx 46~$au.
Photoproduction of hidden charm pentaquark states $P_c^+(4380)$ and $P_c^+(4450)$
Creators: name: Wang, Qian
name: Liu, Xiao-Hai
name: Zhao, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to study the pentaquark candidates of $P_c^+(4380)$ and $P_c^+(4450)$ in $J/ψ$ photoproduction and look for further experimental evidence for their nature. Since the photoproduction process does not satisfy the so-called "anomalous triangle singularity" condition their presence in $J/ψ$ photoproduction would conclude that they should be genuine states and provide further evidence for their existence.
description: Accepted by Phys.Rev. D
The molecular origins of the mechanical properties of fibrin
Creators: name: Gorkun, Oleg V.
name: Falvo, Michael R.
name: Lord, Susan T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: When normal blood circulation is compromised by damage to vessel walls, clots are formed at the site of injury. These clots prevent bleeding and support wound healing. To sustain such physiological functions, clots are remarkably extensible and elastic. Fibrin fibers provide the supporting framework of blood clots, and the properties of these fibers underlie the mechanical properties of clots. Recent studies, which examined individual fibrin fibers or cylindrical fibrin clots, have shown that the mechanical properties of fibrin depend on the mechanical properties of the individual fibrin monomers. Within the fibrin monomer, three structures could contribute to these properties: the coiled-coil connectors the folded globular nodules and the relatively unstructured αC regions. Experimental data suggest that each of these structures contributes. Here we review the recent work with a focus on the molecular origins of the remarkable biomechanical properties of fibrin clots.
Unravelling the structure of magnetised molecular clouds with SILCC-Zoom: sheets, filaments and fragmentation
Creators: name: Ganguly, S.
name: Walch, S.
name: Seifried, D.
name: Clarke, S. D.
name: Weis, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To what extent magnetic fields affect how molecular clouds (MCs) fragment and create dense structures is an open question. We present a numerical study of cloud fragmentation using the SILCC-Zoom simulations. These simulations follow the self-consistent formation of MCs in a few hundred parsec sized region of a stratified galactic disc; and include magnetic fields, self-gravity, supernova-driven turbulence, as well as a non-equilibrium chemical network. To discern the role of magnetic fields in the evolution of MCs, we study seven simulated clouds, five with magnetic fields, and two without, with a maximum resolution of 0.1 parsec. Using a dendrogram we identify hierarchical structures which form within the clouds. Overall, the magnetised clouds have more mass in a diffuse envelope with a number density between 1-100 cm$^{-3}$. We find that six out of seven clouds are sheet-like on the largest scales, as also found in recent observations, and with filamentary structures embedded within, consistent with the bubble-driven MC formation mechanism. Hydrodynamic simulations tend to produce more sheet-like structures also on smaller scales, while the presence of magnetic fields promotes filament formation. Analysing cloud energetics, we find that magnetic fields are dynamically important for less dense, mostly but not exclusively atomic structures (typically up to $\sim 100 - 1000$~cm$^{-3}$), while the denser, potentially star-forming structures are energetically dominated by self-gravity and turbulence. In addition, we compute the magnetic surface term and demonstrate that it is generally confining, and some atomic structures are even magnetically held together. In general, magnetic fields delay the cloud evolution and fragmentation by $\sim$ 1 Myr.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
(102672) Beatrice Julia Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Beyond Low Rank + Sparse: Multi-scale Low Rank Matrix Decomposition
Creators: name: Ong, Frank
name: Lustig, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a natural generalization of the recent low rank + sparse matrix decomposition and consider the decomposition of matrices into components of multiple scales. Such decomposition is well motivated in practice as data matrices often exhibit local correlations in multiple scales. Concretely, we propose a multi-scale low rank modeling that represents a data matrix as a sum of block-wise low rank matrices with increasing scales of block sizes. We then consider the inverse problem of decomposing the data matrix into its multi-scale low rank components and approach the problem via a convex formulation. Theoretically, we show that under various incoherence conditions, the convex program recovers the multi-scale low rank components \revised{either exactly or approximately}. Practically, we provide guidance on selecting the regularization parameters and incorporate cycle spinning to reduce blocking artifacts. Experimentally, we show that the multi-scale low rank decomposition provides a more intuitive decomposition than conventional low rank methods and demonstrate its effectiveness in four applications, including illumination normalization for face images, motion separation for surveillance videos, multi-scale modeling of the dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and collaborative filtering exploiting age information.
Molecular aggregation characterized by high order autocorrelation in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
Creators: name: Thompson, N. L.
name: Palmer, A. G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: The use of high order autocorrelation in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy for investigating aggregation in a sample that contains fluorescent molecules is described. Theoretical expressions for the fluorescence fluctuation autocorrelation functions defined by gm,n(tau) = [(delta fm(t + tau)delta fm(t] - (delta Fm(t] (delta Fn(t]]/(F)m+n, where delta F(t) is the fluorescence fluctuation at time t, (F) is the average fluorescence, and m and n are integers less than or equal to 3, are derived. Methods for determining the number densities and relative fluorescence yields of aggregates of different sizes from a series of Gm,n(0) values are outlined. The method is applied to 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate suspended in solutions of water and ethyl alcohol. The technique presented may prove useful in detecting and characterizing aggregates of fluorescent-labeled biological molecules such as cell surface receptors.
Inhomogeneous translational diffusion of monoclonal antibodies on phospholipid Langmuir-Blodgett films
Creators: name: Wright, L. L.
name: Thompson, N. L.
name: Palmer, A. G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: The translational mobility of fluorescent-labeled monoclonal antibodies specifically bound to supported phospholipid bilayers containing hapten-conjugated phospholipids has been measured as a function of the surface concentration of bound antibodies using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. Fluorescence recovery curves are fit well by a model that assumes the presence of two populations of antibodies with different lateral diffusion coefficients. The larger diffusion coefficient equals 3.5 x 10(-9) cm2/s, the smaller diffusion coefficient ranges from 1.5 x 10(-9) cm2/s to 2.5 x 10(-10) cm2/s, and the fractional fluorescence recovery associated with the smaller coefficient increases from approximately 0 to approximately 0.7 with increasing concentration of bound antibody. These results suggest that complexes of haptenated phospholipids and antibodies in phospholipid Langmuir-Blodgett films form clusters or domains in a concentration-dependent fashion.
A dimerization model for the concentration dependent photophysical properties of diphenylhexatriene and its phospholipid derivatives. DPHpPC and DPHpPA
Creators: name: Burgess, S. W.
name: Lentz, B. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1989

description: We have investigated the reason for the sensitivity of the fluorescence excited-state lifetime of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and its phospholipid derivatives, 1-palmitoyl-2-[2-[4-(6-phenyl-trans-1,3,5- hexatrienyl)phenyl]ethyl)carbonyl)-3-sn-phosphatidylcholine (DPHpPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-[2-[4-(6-phenyl-trans-1,3,5- hexatrienyl)phenyl]ethyl)carbonyl)-3-sn-phosphatidic acid (DPHpPA), to the concentration of these probes in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) multilamellar membranes (Barrow, D. A., and B. R. Lentz, 1985. Biophys. J. 48:221-234; Parente, R. A., and B. R. Lentz. 1985. Biochemistry. 24:6178-6185). We have interpreted self-quenching data, excitation and emission spectra, and phase and modulation lifetime data in terms of a model that envisions dimerization of these probes in a membrane bilayer. It is proposed that dimerization alters the symmetry of the DPH excited state so as to allow more rapid decay via the normally symmetry-disallowed route from the 1Ag* state. Global analysis of fluorescence phase shift and modulation ratio data for DPHpPC in terms of the dimerization model provided a good fit of these data as a function of both modulation frequency and probe concentration. Global analysis of a similar set of data for the charged phosphatide DPHpPA predicted that this probe was much less prone to dimerize than was the uncharged DPHpPC. This physically reasonable result provides support for the assumptions made in the development of our model. We conclude that the dimerization model allows rationalization of many of the anomalous photophysical properties of DPH and its derivatives in membranes.
Progressive Joint Low-light Enhancement and Noise Removal for Raw Images
Creators: name: Lu, Yucheng
name: Jung, Seung-Won
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Low-light imaging on mobile devices is typically challenging due to insufficient incident light coming through the relatively small aperture, resulting in a low signal-to-noise ratio. Most of the previous works on low-light image processing focus either only on a single task such as illumination adjustment, color enhancement, or noise removal; or on a joint illumination adjustment and denoising task that heavily relies on short-long exposure image pairs collected from specific camera models, and thus these approaches are less practical and generalizable in real-world settings where camera-specific joint enhancement and restoration is required. To tackle this problem, in this paper, we propose a low-light image processing framework that performs joint illumination adjustment, color enhancement, and denoising. Considering the difficulty in model-specific data collection and the ultra-high definition of the captured images, we design two branches: a coefficient estimation branch as well as a joint enhancement and denoising branch. The coefficient estimation branch works in a low-resolution space and predicts the coefficients for enhancement via bilateral learning, whereas the joint enhancement and denoising branch works in a full-resolution space and progressively performs joint enhancement and denoising. In contrast to existing methods, our framework does not need to recollect massive data when being adapted to another camera model, which significantly reduces the efforts required to fine-tune our approach for practical usage. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate its great potential in real-world low-light imaging applications when compared with current state-of-the-art methods.
(102670) Emily Elizabeth Graham Murray
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Multiple conductance states of the purified calcium release channel complex from skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum
Creators: name: Lai, F. A.
name: Liu, Q. Y.
name: Rousseau, E.
name: Meissner, G.
name: Jones, R. V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1989

description: The CHAPS-solubilized and purified 30S ryanodine receptor protein complex from skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) was incorporated into planar lipid bilayers. The resulting electrical activity displayed similar responses to agents such as Ca2+, ATP, ryanodine, or caffeine as the native Ca2+ release channel, confirming the identification of the 30S complex as the Ca2+ release channel. The purified channel was permeable to monovalent ions such as Na+, with the permeability ratio PCa/PNa approximately 5, and was highly selective for cations over anions. The purified channel also showed at least four distinct conductance levels for both Na+ and Ca2+ conducting ions, with the major subconducting level in NaCl buffers possessing half the conductance value of the main conductance state. These levels may be produced by intrinsic subconductances present within the channel oligomer. Several of these conductances may be cooperatively coupled to produce the characteristic 100 +/- 10 pS unitary Ca2+ conductance of the native channel.
Amelioration of the haloperidol-induced memory impairment and brain oxidative stress by cinnarizine
Creators: name: Abdel-Salam, Omar M.E,
name: El-Mosallamy, Aliaa E.M.K.
name: El-Shamarka, Marwa El-Sayed
name: Salem, Neveen A.
name: Sleem, Amany A.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: brain
subject: cinnarizine
subject: haloperidol
subject: oxidative stress
subject: water maze
subject: 610

description: Haloperidol is a classic antipsychotic drug known for its propensity to cause extrapyramidal symptoms and impaired memory, owing to blockade of striatal dopamine D2 receptors. Cinnarizine is a calcium channel blocker with D2 receptor blocking properties which is widely used in treatment of vertiginous disorders. The present study aimed to see whether cinnarizine would worsen the effect of haloperidol on memory function and on oxidative stress in mice brain. Cinnarizine (5, 10 or 20 mg/kg), haloperidol, or haloperidol combined with cinnarizine was administered daily via the subcutaneous route and mice were examined on weekly basis for their ability to locate a submerged plate in the water maze test. Mice were euthanized 30 days after starting drug injection. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (nitrite/nitrate) were determined in brain. Haloperidol substantially impaired water maze performance. The mean time taken to find the escape platform (latency) was significantly delayed by haloperidol (2 mg/kg, i.p.) on weeks 1-8 of the test, compared with saline control group. In contrast, those treated with haloperidol and cinnarizine showed significantly shorter latencies, which indicated that learning had occurred immediately. Haloperidol resulted in increased MDA in cortex, striatum, cerebellum and midbrain. GSH decreased in cortex, striatum and cerebellum and nitric oxide increased in cortex. Meanwhile, treatment with cinnarizine (20 mg/kg) and haloperidol resulted in significant decrease in MDA cortex, striatum, cerebellum and midbrain and an increase in GSH in cortex and striatum, compared with haloperidol group. These data suggest that cinnarizine improves the haloperidol induced brain oxidative stress and impairment of learning and memory in the water maze test in mice.
description: EXCLI Journal ; Vol. 11, 2012
Fractals on a benchtop: Observing fractal dimension in a resistor network
Creators: name: Creffield, Charles E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our first experience of dimension typically comes in the intuitive Euclidean sense: a line is one dimensional, a plane is two-dimensional, and a volume is three-dimensional. However, following the work of Mandelbrot \cite{mandelbrot}, systems with a fractional dimension, ``fractals'', now play an important role in science. The novelty of encountering fractional dimension, and the intrinsic beauty of many fractals, have a strong appeal to students and provide a powerful teaching tool. I describe here a low-cost and convenient experimental method for observing fractal dimension, by measuring the power-law scaling of the resistance of a fractal network of resistors. The experiments are quick to perform, and the students enjoy both the construction of the network and the collaboration required to create the largest networks. Learning outcomes include analysis of resistor networks beyond the elementary series and parallel combinations, scaling laws, and an introduction to fractional dimension.
(102669) Ronald Arthur Cave
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
RIOT OS Paves the Way for Implementation of High-Performance MAC Protocols
Creators: name: Roussel, Kévin
name: Song, Ye-Qiong
name: Zendra, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Implementing new, high-performance MAC protocols requires real-time features, to be able to synchronize correctly between different unrelated devices. Such features are highly desirable for operating wireless sensor networks (WSN) that are designed to be part of the Internet of Things (IoT). Unfortunately, the operating systems commonly used in this domain cannot provide such features. On the other hand, "bare-metal" development sacrifices portability, as well as the mul-titasking abilities needed to develop the rich applications that are useful in the domain of the Internet of Things. We describe in this paper how we helped solving these issues by contributing to the development of a port of RIOT OS on the MSP430 microcontroller, an architecture widely used in IoT-enabled motes. RIOT OS offers rich and advanced real-time features, especially the simultaneous use of as many hardware timers as the underlying platform (microcontroller) can offer. We then demonstrate the effectiveness of these features by presenting a new implementation, on RIOT OS, of S-CoSenS, an efficient MAC protocol that uses very low processing power and energy.
description: SCITEPRESS. SENSORNETS 2015, Feb 2015, Angers, France. http://www.scitepress.org
A Compact Cold-Atom Interferometer with a High Data-Rate Grating Magneto-Optical Trap and a Photonic-Integrated-Circuit-Compatible Laser System
Creators: name: Lee, Jongmin
name: Ding, Roger
name: Christensen, Justin
name: Rosenthal, Randy R.
name: Ison, Aaron
name: Gillund, Daniel Paul
name: Bossert, David
name: Fuerschbach, Kyle H.
name: Kindel, William
name: Finnegan, Patrick S.
name: Wendt, Joel R.
name: Gehl, Michael
name: Kodigala, Ashok
name: McGuinness, Hayden
name: Walker, Charles A.
name: Kemme, Shanalyn A.
name: Lentine, Anthony
name: Biedermann, Grant
name: Schwindt, Peter D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extreme miniaturization of a cold-atom interferometer accelerometer requires the development of novel technologies and architectures for the interferometer subsystems. Here we describe several component technologies and a laser system architecture to enable a path to such miniaturization. We developed a custom, compact titanium vacuum package containing a microfabricated grating chip for a tetrahedral grating magneto-optical trap (GMOT) using a single cooling beam. In addition, we designed a multi-channel photonic-integrated-circuit-compatible laser system implemented with a single seed laser and single sideband modulators in a time-multiplexed manner, reducing the number of optical channels connected to the sensor head. In a compact sensor head containing the vacuum package, sub-Doppler cooling in the GMOT produces 15 uK temperatures, and the GMOT can operate at a 20 Hz data rate. We validated the atomic coherence with Ramsey interferometry using microwave spectroscopy, then demonstrated a light-pulse atom interferometer in a gravimeter configuration for a 10 Hz measurement data rate and T = 0 - 4.5 ms interrogation time, resulting in $Δ$ g / g = 2.0e-6. This work represents a significant step towards deployable cold-atom inertial sensors under large amplitude motional dynamics.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures
The Luminous, Hard State Can't Be MAD
Creators: name: Fragile, P. Chris
name: Chatterjee, Koushik
name: Ingram, Adam
name: Middleton, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a straightforward argument for why the luminous, hard state of black hole X-ray binaries (BHXRBs) cannot always be associated with a magnetically arrested accretion disc (MAD). It relies on three core premises: 1) that the type-C quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) is best explained by Lense-Thirring (LT) precession of a tilted, inner, hot flow; 2) that observed optical and infrared (IR) QPOs with the same or lower frequency as the type-C QPO suggest the jet, too, must precess in these systems; and 3) that numerical simulations of MADs show that their strong magnetic fields promote alignment of the disc with the black hole and, thereby, suppress LT precession. If all three premises hold true, then, at least whenever the optical and IR QPOs are observed alongside the type-C QPO, these systems cannot be in the MAD state. Extending the argument further, if the type-C QPO is always associated with LT precession, then it would rule out MADs anytime this timing feature is seen, which covers nearly all BHXRBs when they are in the luminous, hard and hard-intermediate states.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Delay-Compensated Distributed PDE Control of Traffic with Connected/Automated Vehicles
Creators: name: Qi, Jie
name: Mo, Shurong
name: Krstic, Miroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We develop an input delay-compensating design for stabilization of an Aw-Rascle-Zhang (ARZ) traffic model in congested regime which is governed by a $2\times 2$ first-order hyperbolic nonlinear PDE. The traffic flow consists of both adaptive cruise control-equipped (ACC-equipped) and manually-driven vehicles. The control input is the time gap of ACC-equipped and connected vehicles, which is subject to delays resulting from communication lag. For the linearized system, a novel three-branch bakcstepping transformation with explicit kernel functions is introduced to compensate the input delay. The transformation is proved æto be bounded, continuous and invertible, with explicit inverse transformation derived. Based on the transformation, we obtain the explicit predictor-feedback controller. We prove exponential stability of the closed-loop system with the delay compensator in $L_2$ norm. The performance improvement of the closed-loop system under the proposed controller is illustrated in simulation.
Binding of a monoclonal antibody and its Fab fragment to supported phospholipid monolayers measured by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy
Creators: name: Thompson, N. L.
name: Pisarchick, M. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: The association of an anti-dinitrophenyl monoclonal antibody and its Fab fragment with supported phospholipid monolayers composed of a mixture of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and dinitrophenyl-conjugated dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine has been characterized with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. The surface densities of bound antibodies were measured as a function of the antibody and Fab solution concentrations, and as a function of the solution concentration of dinitrophenylglycine. The apparent association constant of Fab fragments with surface-associated haptens was approximately 10-fold lower than the association constant for haptens in solution, and the apparent surface association constant for intact antibodies was only approximately 10-fold higher than the constant for Fab fragments. Data analysis with simple theoretical models indicated that, at most antibody surface densities, 50-90% of membrane-associated intact antibodies were attached to the surface by two antigen binding sites.
A view of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering
Creators: name: Cadeddu, M.
name: Dordei, F.
name: Giunti, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the physics of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering and the results and perspectives for the measurements of the radius of the neutron distribution of the nucleus, of the weak mixing angle, and of new neutrino interactions due to physics beyond the Standard Model.
description: Invited Perspective on CEvNS for EPL, 7 pages and 6 figures (updated with journal reference)
Repetition as Zoom Effect. A Mechanism of Short Writing Played at the Level of Words
Creators: name: Koutchevsky, Alexandre
Publisher: name: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies
Year: 2015

description: The proliferation of short theatrical forms in France has never stopped growing, especially since the 1980s. This strong presence of short texts in French theatrical panorama is not simply due to the amelioration of writing, production, and circulation conditions, but is a symptom of a profound evolution of contemporary dramatic writings. For many of these authors, brevity offers a range of exhilarating tools which allow for the invention of new dramaturgical forms. If one admits that brevity is in the first place a question of style rather than of format, what is especially at stake for the authors of short forms is to achieve a maximum degree of signification with a minimum amount of words. It is therefore necessary to aim at economizing the means while, at the same time, attaining the highest efficacy (at the level of sense, of dramatic, poetic, narrative power, etc.). The zoom process, which aims at a slow-motion unfolding of sense to our consciousness, inscribes itself into a dimension of maximum profitability and parsimony. Accordingly, this article analyses the repetition of the word “fissures” [“cracks”] employed as zoom effect in Roland Fichet’s short piece Fissures (1998).
description: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies, Vol 1 No 2 (2015): Short Forms