cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Composite Quantum Simulations
Creators: name: Hagan, Matthew
name: Wiebe, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we provide a framework for combining multiple quantum simulation methods, such as Trotter-Suzuki formulas and QDrift into a single Composite channel that builds upon older coalescing ideas for reducing gate counts. The central idea behind our approach is to use a partitioning scheme that allocates a Hamiltonian term to the Trotter or QDrift part of a channel within the simulation. This allows us to simulate small but numerous terms using QDrift while simulating the larger terms using a high-order Trotter-Suzuki formula. We prove rigorous bounds on the diamond distance between the Composite channel and the ideal simulation channel and show under what conditions the cost of implementing the Composite channel is asymptotically upper bounded by the methods that comprise it for both probabilistic partitioning of terms and deterministic partitioning. Finally, we discuss strategies for determining partitioning schemes as well as methods for incorporating different simulation methods within the same framework.
Observed secular gravity trend at Onsala station with the FG5 gravimeter from Hannover
Creators: name: Timmen, L.
name: Engfeldt, A.
name: Scherneck, H.-G.
Publisher: name: Berlin, Boston : De Gruyter
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Absolute gravimetry
subject: Fennoscandian land uplift
subject: gravimeter comparisons
subject: gravity variations
subject: Onsala Space Observatory
subject: superconducting gravimeter
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Annual absolute gravity measurements with a FG5 instrument were performed in Onsala Space Observatory by the Institute of Geodesy of the Leibniz Universität Hannover from 2003 to 2011 and have been continued with the upgraded meter FG5X in 2014. Lantmäteriet, Gävle, with their FG5 absolute gravimeter have visited Onsala since 2007. Because small systematic errors may be inherent in each absolute gravimeter, their measuring level and a resulting bias (offset) between the instruments must be controlled over time by means of inter-comparison. From 2007 to 2014, 8 direct comparisons took place well distributed over the time span. A complete re-processing of the absolute gravity observations with the Hannover instrument has been conducted to improve the reduction of unwanted gravity effects. A new tidal model is based on continuous time series recorded with the GWR superconducting gravimeter at Onsala since 2009. The loading effect of the Kattegat is described with a varying sea bottom pressure (water and air mass load) and has been validated with the continuous gravity measurements. For the land uplift,which is a result of the still ongoing glacial isostatic adjustment in Fennoscandia, a secular gravity trend of −0.22 μGal/yr was obtained with a standard deviation of 0.17 μGal/yr. That indicates a slight uplift but is still not significantly different from zero.
The evolution of inner disk radius with orbital phase in Circinus X-1
Creators: name: Wang, Yanan
name: Ding, Guoqiang
name: Huang, Chunping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using RXTE observations, we investigate the evolution of inner disk radius R_in of Cir X-1 during two cycles and find obvious orbital modulation. We argue that the modulation is attributed to its high orbital eccentricity. The disk luminosity is inversely with the inner disk temperature kT_in, which is ascribed to the slow increase of kT_in and, however, the rapid decrease of R_in during the passage for the neutron star to depart from the companion star.
description: 2 pages: 1 figure
Covariant Renormalizable Modified and Massive Gravity Theories on (Non) Commutative Tangent Lorentz Bundles
Creators: name: Vacaru, Sergiu I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fundamental field equations in modified gravity (including general relativity; massive and bimetric theories; Ho\vrava-Lifshits, HL; Einstein--Finsler gravity extensions etc) posses an important decoupling property with respect to nonholonomic frames with 2 (or 3) +2+2+... spacetime decompositions. This allows us to construct exact solutions with generic off--diagonal metrics depending on all spacetime coordinates via generating and integration functions containing (un-) broken symmetry parameters. Such nonholonomic configurations/ models have a nice ultraviolet behavior and seem to be ghost free and (super) renormalizable in a sense of covariant and/or massive modifications of HL gravity. The apparent noncommutativity and breaking of Lorentz invariance by quantum effects can be encoded into fibers of noncommutative tangent Lorentz bundles for corresponding "partner" anisotropically induced theories. We show how the constructions can be extended to include conjectured covariant reonormalizable models with massive graviton fields and effective Einstein fields with (non)commutative variables.
description: latex2e, 11pt, 19 pages, contains details of author's communication of the section "Quantum Gravity and Phenomenology" at MG13 (Stockholm, 2012), v2 with a new reference
The Causal Structure of Semantic Ambiguities
Creators: name: Wang, Daphne
name: Sadrzadeh, Mehrnoosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ambiguity is a natural language phenomenon occurring at different levels of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. It is widely studied; in Psycholinguistics, for instance, we have a variety of competing studies for the human disambiguation processes. These studies are empirical and based on eye-tracking measurements. Here we take first steps towards formalizing these processes for semantic ambiguities where we identified the presence of two features: (1) joint plausibility degrees of different possible interpretations, (2) causal structures according to which certain words play a more substantial role in the processes. The novel sheaf-theoretic model of definite causality developed by Gogioso and Pinzani in QPL 2021 offers tools to model and reason about these features. We applied this theory to a dataset of ambiguous phrases extracted from Psycholinguistics literature and their human plausibility judgements collected by us using the Amazon Mechanical Turk engine. We measured the causal fractions of different disambiguation orders within the phrases and discovered two prominent orders: from subject to verb in the subject-verb and from object to verb in the verb object phrases. We also found evidence for delay in the disambiguation of polysemous vs homonymous verbs, again compatible with Psycholinguistic findings.
description: In Proceedings QPL 2022, arXiv:2311.08375
On the Impact of GPS phase centre corrections on geodetic parameters: analytical formulation and empirical evaluation by PPP
Creators: name: Hiemer, Leonard
name: Kersten, Tobias
name: Schön, Steffen
Publisher: name: München : European Geosciences Union
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::624 | Ingenieurbau und Umwelttechnik

description: Several contributions and papers in geodesy intensively discuss the impact of the variability of GPS/GNSS absolute phase centre corrections (PCCs) directly on the positioning domain, neglecting any studies on the observation domain. Furthermore, it is very complex to evaluate in a general way the impact of several PCCs in geodetic positioning due to the different positioning concepts (e.g. PPP, relative positioning in networks) as well as implementation philosophy. Up to know, it is not clear how accurate different PCCs have to be for an individual geodetic grade antenna, in order to assume no significant and negative impact on the geodetic parameter estimation. Currently, individual calibrations have to be comparable of at least below 1mm. The poster will cover this topic by studying the observation domain as well as the geodetic position domain. The used approach is based on a pragmatic method, investigated by Geiger (1988), using generic PCC pattern. The contribution is divided into an analytical approach and an empirical approach. The analytical step discusses in detail the mathematical model and the propagation of error functions, classified by several antenna models. The empirical step evaluates these findings by practical experiments carried out with pre-defined errors on PCCs within a geodetic positioning estimation (PPP) using different software packages. We will show on the one side that some symmetrical error contributions of typical geodetic antenna designs can be described very well by this simple and pragmatic approach. The theoretical findings are compared to PPP solutions, revealing differences between the used software packages. On the other side, we show that asymmetrical error contributions are highly correlated with the satellite constellation and the geographical location.
Evidence for Adsorbate-Enhanced Field Emission from Carbon Nanotube Fibers
Creators: name: Murray, P. T.
name: Back, T. C.
name: Cahay, M. M.
name: Fairchild, S. B.
name: Maruyama, B.
name: Lockwood, N. P.
name: Pasquali, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used residual gas analysis (RGA) to identify the species desorbed during field emission (FE) from a carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber. The RGA data show a sharp threshold for H2 desorption at an external field strength that coincides with a breakpoint in the FE data. A comprehensive model for the gradual transition of FE from adsorbate-enhanced CNTs at low bias to FE from CNTs with reduced H2 adsorbate coverage at high bias is developed which accounts for the gradual desorption of the H2 adsorbates, alignment of the CNTs at the fiber tip, and importance of self-heating effects with applied bias.
description: 18 pages 3 figures
مقدمة في العلوم المفتوحة
Creators: name: Almarzouq, Batool
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open science
saudi arabia
open educational resources
communities
vision 2030

description: مقدمة مُوجزة في العلوم المفتوحة باللغة العربية
description: A very brief introduction for Open Science in Arabic for Open Education Week
Neutrino mass from Cosmology
Creators: name: Lesgourgues, Julien
name: Pastor, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrinos can play an important role in the evolution of the Universe, modifying some of the cosmological observables. In this contribution we summarize the main aspects of cosmological relic neutrinos and we describe how the precision of present cosmological data can be used to learn about neutrino properties, in particular their mass, providing complementary information to beta decay and neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments. We show how the analysis of current cosmological observations, such as the anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background or the distribution of large-scale structure, provides an upper bound on the sum of neutrino masses of order 1 eV or less, with very good perspectives from future cosmological measurements which are expected to be sensitive to neutrino masses well into the sub-eV range.
description: Invited Review article for the Special Issue on Neutrino Physics, 35 pages
Numerical analysis of the biomechanical complications accompanying the total hip replacement with NANOS-Prosthetic: bone remodelling and prosthesis migration
Creators: name: Behrens, Bernd-Arno
name: Bouguecha, A.
name: Lerch, M.
name: Betancur, S.
name: Stukenborg-Colsman, C.
name: Nolte, I.
name: Lucas, K.
name: Almohallami, A.
Publisher: name: Berlin, Boston : De Gruyter
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: finite element
subject: prosthesis migration
subject: NANOS
subject: multi body human simulation
subject: bone remodelling
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Aseptic loosening of the prosthesis is still a problem in artificial joint implants. The ýloosening can be caused by the resorption of the bone surrounding ýthe prosthesis according to stress shielding. A numerical model was developed and validated by means of DEXA-studies in order to ýanalyse the bone remodelling process in the periprosthetic bone. A total loss of about 3.7% of the bone density in the periprosthetic Femur with NANOS is computed. The bone remodelling calculation was validated by means of a DEXA-study with a 3-years-follow-up. The model was further developed in order to be able to calculate and consider the migration of the implants. This method was applied on the ýNANOS-implant with a computed total migration of about 0.43 mm. These calculations showed good results in comparison with a 2-year-follow-up clinical study, whereby a RSA-method was used to determine the stem migration in the bone. In order to ýstudy the mutual influence between the implant migration and the hip contact forces ý, a software is developed by our scientific group to couple a multi body simulation (MBS) of human lower limps with the FEA of the periprosthetic Femur.
Spatially Addressable Readout and Erasure of an Image in a Gradient Echo Memory
Creators: name: Clark, Jeremy B.
name: Glorieux, Quentin
name: Lett, Paul D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that portions of an image written into a gradient echo memory can be individually retrieved or erased on demand, an important step towards processing a spatially multiplexed quantum signal. Targeted retrieval is achieved by locally addressing the transverse plane of the storage medium, a warm 85Rb vapor, with a far-detuned control beam. Spatially addressable erasure is similarly implemented by imaging a bright beam tuned near the 85Rb D1 line in order to scatter photons and induce decoherence. Under our experimental conditions atomic diffusion is shown to impose an upper bound on the effective spatial capacity of the memory. The decoherence induced by the optical eraser is characterized and modeled as the response of a two level atom in the presence of a strong driving field.
On the Controversy of Nanofluid Rheological Behavior
Creators: name: Raeisian, Leyla
name: Eggers, Jan Rudolf
name: Lange, Eckart Matthias
name: Mattke, Torsten
name: Bode, Andreas
name: Kabelac, Stephan
Publisher: name: Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nanofluids
subject: Shear rate
subject: Shear thickening
subject: Shear thinning
subject: Viscosity
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Different findings about suitable correlations to describe nanofluid viscosity can be explained based on the research presented in this paper. The effective viscosity of nanofluids is crucial when nanofluids are considered as heat carrier fluids. Despite many publications, however, no consensus about suitable correlations could be found in past years. Particularly, the impact of the shear rate on the viscosity is being discussed controversially. It is shown in this paper that these different findings can be explained considering the theory for the rheology of suspensions. Any measurement of viscosity over shear rate only shows a section of the entire rheological behavior. Thus, experimental results of shear thinning, Newtonian behavior and shear thickening of nanofluids can all be a part of this overall range of possible shear rates. This hypothesis is validated based on viscosity data from the literature and viscosity measurements over a wide range of shear rates for different nanofluids showing all three types of behavior.
Measurements of $W^{+}W^{-}$ production in decay topologies inspired by searches for electroweak supersymmetry
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a measurement of fiducial and differential cross-sections for $W^{+}W^{-}$ production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$. Events with exactly one electron, one muon and no hadronic jets are studied. The fiducial region in which the measurements are performed is inspired by searches for the electroweak production of supersymmetric charginos decaying to two-lepton final states. The selected events have moderate values of missing transverse momentum and the `stransverse mass' variable $m_{\textrm{T2}}$, which is widely used in searches for supersymmetry at the LHC. The ranges of these variables are chosen so that the acceptance is enhanced for direct $W^{+}W^{-}$ production and suppressed for production via top quarks, which is treated as a background. The fiducial cross-section and particle-level differential cross-sections for six variables are measured and compared with two theoretical SM predictions from perturbative QCD calculations.
description: 43 pages in total, author list starting on page 26, 4 figures, 4 tables, published in EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2021-06/
Annealing Optimisation of Mixed ZX Phase Circuits
Creators: name: Gogioso, Stefano
name: Yeung, Richie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a topology-aware optimisation technique for circuits of mixed ZX phase gadgets, based on conjugation by CX gates and simulated annealing.
description: In Proceedings QPL 2022, arXiv:2311.08375
Linear response hydrodynamics of a relativistic dissipative fluid with spin
Creators: name: Torrieri, Giorgio
name: Montenegro, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a lagrangian hydrodynamics including shear and bulk viscosity in the presence of spin density, and investigate it using the linear response functional formalism. The result is a careful accounting of all sound and vortex interactions close to local equilibrium.
Multiple contrast tests with repeated and multiple endpoints : with biological applications
Creators: name: Pallmann, Philip Steffen
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Longitudinal data
subject: linear mixed-effects model
subject: multiple hypothesis tests
subject: simultaneous confidence intervals
subject: degrees of freedom
subject: missing values. - Longitudinale Daten
subject: lineares gemischtes Modell
subject: multiple Hypothesentests
subject: simultane Konfidenzintervalle
subject: Freiheitsgrade
subject: fehlende Werte
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
An Architectural View of Game Theoretic Control
Creators: name: Gopalakrishnan, Ragavendran
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 2010
Subjects: Utility design
Potential games
Game theory
Optimization
Computer Science

description: Resource allocation has long been a fundamental research problem across several disciplines. While traditional approaches to this problem were centralized, recent research has focussed on distributed solutions for resource allocation, for reasons of scalability, reliability and efficiency in many real-world applications. Game-theoretic control is a promising new approach for distributed resource allocation.  In this thesis, we describe how game-theoretic control can be viewed as having an intrinsic layered architecture, which provides a modularization that simplifies the control design.  We illustrate this architectural view by presenting details about one particular instantiation using potential games as an interface.  This example serves to highlight the strengths and limitations of the proposed architecture while also illustrating the relationship between game-theoretic control and other existing approaches to distributed resource allocation. We also demonstrate the power of this approach by reformulating the power control problem in sensor networks as a game-theoretic control problem in the potential games instantiation of our framework. This allows us to relax several assumptions made by previous contributions, and consider more complex objective functions.
Quantum Circuit Compiler for a Shuttling-Based Trapped-Ion Quantum Computer
Creators: name: Kreppel, Fabian
name: Melzer, Christian
name: Millán, Diego Olvera
name: Wagner, Janis
name: Hilder, Janine
name: Poschinger, Ulrich
name: Schmidt-Kaler, Ferdinand
name: Brinkmann, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.3.4
subject: 81P65, 81P68, 68Q09

description: The increasing capabilities of quantum computing hardware and the challenge of realizing deep quantum circuits require fully automated and efficient tools for compiling quantum circuits. To express arbitrary circuits in a sequence of native gates specific to the quantum computer architecture, it is necessary to make algorithms portable across the landscape of quantum hardware providers. In this work, we present a compiler capable of transforming and optimizing a quantum circuit targeting a shuttling-based trapped-ion quantum processor. It consists of custom algorithms set on top of the quantum circuit framework Pytket. The performance was evaluated for a wide range of quantum circuits and the results show that the gate counts can be reduced by factors up to 5.1 compared to standard Pytket and up to 2.2 compared to standard Qiskit compilation.
description: 35 pages, 25 figures, 4 tables, accepted in Quantum
Finite temperature study of the axial U(1) symmetry on the lattice with overlap fermion formulation
Creators: name: Cossu, Guido
name: Aoki, Sinya
name: Fukaya, Hidenori
name: Hashimoto, Shoji
name: Kaneko, Takashi
name: Matsufuru, Hideo
name: Noaki, Jun-Ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the axial U(1) symmetry near and above the finite temperature phase transition in two-flavor QCD using lattice QCD simulations. Although the axial U(1) symmetry is always violated by quantization, (i.e.) the chiral anomaly, the correlation functions may manifest effective restoration of the symmetry in the high temperature phase. We explicitly study this possibility by calculating the meson correlators as well as the Dirac operator spectral density near the critical point. Our numerical simulations are performed on a $16^3\times 8$ lattice with two flavors of dynamical quarks represented by the overlap fermion formalism. Chiral symmetry and its violation due to the axial anomaly is manifestly realized with this formulation, which is a prerequisite for the study of the effective restoration of the axial U(1) symmetry. In order to avoid discontinuity in the gauge configuration space, which occurs for the exactly chiral lattice fermions, the simulation is confined in a fixed topological sector. It induces finite volume effect, which is well described by a formula based on the Fourier transform from the $θ$-vacua. We confirm this formula at finite temperature by calculating the topological susceptibility in the quenched theory. Our two flavor simulations show degeneracy of the meson correlators and a gap in the Dirac operator spectral density, which implies that the axial U(1) symmetry is effectively restored in the chirally symmetric phase.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures
Quantum de Finetti Theorems as Categorical Limits, and Limits of State Spaces of C*-algebras
Creators: name: Staton, Sam
name: Summers, Ned
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: De Finetti theorems tell us that if we expect the likelihood of outcomes to be independent of their order, then these sequences of outcomes could be equivalently generated by drawing an experiment at random from a distribution, and repeating it over and over. In particular, the quantum de Finetti theorem says that exchangeable sequences of quantum states are always represented by distributions over a single state produced over and over. The main result of this paper is that this quantum de Finetti construction has a universal property as a categorical limit. This allows us to pass canonically between categorical treatments of finite dimensional quantum theory and the infinite dimensional. The treatment here is through understanding properties of (co)limits with respect to the contravariant functor which takes a C*-algebra describing a physical system to its convex, compact space of states, and through discussion of the Radon probability monad. We also show that the same categorical analysis also justifies a continuous de Finetti theorem for classical probability.
description: In Proceedings QPL 2022, arXiv:2311.08375
Efficient Transmit Beamspace Design for Search-free Based DOA Estimation in MIMO Radar
Creators: name: Khabbazibasmenj, Arash
name: Hassanien, Aboulnasr
name: Vorobyov, Sergiy A.
name: Morency, Matthew W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we address the problem of transmit beamspace design for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar with colocated antennas in application to direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. A new method for designing the transmit beamspace matrix that enables the use of search-free DOA estimation techniques at the receiver is introduced. The essence of the proposed method is to design the transmit beamspace matrix based on minimizing the difference between a desired transmit beampattern and the actual one under the constraint of uniform power distribution across the transmit array elements. The desired transmit beampattern can be of arbitrary shape and is allowed to consist of one or more spatial sectors. The number of transmit waveforms is even but otherwise arbitrary. To allow for simple search-free DOA estimation algorithms at the receive array, the rotational invariance property is established at the transmit array by imposing a specific structure on the beamspace matrix. Semi-definite relaxation is used to transform the proposed formulation into a convex problem that can be solved efficiently. We also propose a spatial-division based design (SDD) by dividing the spatial domain into several subsectors and assigning a subset of the transmit beams to each subsector. The transmit beams associated with each subsector are designed separately. Simulation results demonstrate the improvement in the DOA estimation performance offered by using the proposed joint and SDD transmit beamspace design methods as compared to the traditional MIMO radar technique.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures, submitted to the IEEE Trans. Signal Processing in May 2013
title: Zwischen Hoffnung und Gewalt
title: Schwierigkeiten von Freiheit in religiösen Bezügen
Creators: name: Esterbauer, Reinhold
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2019

description: Neurowissenschaftliche Ergebnisse lassen Freiheit heute oft als Phantom erscheinen. Selbst wenn man vertritt, dass Freiheit keine Illusion ist, steht man vor einer doppelten Schwierigkeit: Zum einen läuft man Gefahr, die zeitliche Eigenart von Freiheit und dadurch Identitätsbildung aus freiem Handeln misszuverstehen, insbesondere wenn man über religiöse Freiheit spricht. Zum anderen ist man versucht, einen Wahrheitsuniversalismus zu propagieren und das Göttliche zu sakralisieren. Demgegenüber wird im Aufsatz Hoffnung als wesentliche Dimension religiöser Freiheit ins Spiel gebracht und die Relativierung des Numinosen als wichtige Voraussetzung für religiöse Freiheit benannt. Nur auf diese Weise kann der Negation von Gewalt durch Gewalt – so die These – der Anruf des Guten als wesentliche Bestimmung religiöser Freiheit gegenübergestellt werden.
description: Current neuroscientific findings make freedom appear to be an illusion. But even if one believes that freedom exists, there are two issues to consider: First, the time-based nature of freedom and thus free (autonomous) identity construction can easily be misunderstood, particularly in the context of freedom in religion. Second, there is a potential to preach a universalism of truth and sacralise the Divine. In response and in contrast, this article proposes that hope provides a key dimension and argues that the relativization of numinosity is an important requirement for freedom in religion. This presents the only solution that – according to this theory – allows the negation of violence through violence to be countered by the invocation of the Good as an essential attribute of freedom in religion.
description: Freiheit; Gewalt; Hoffnung; Identität; Neurobiologie; Religion; Sakralisierung; Tod; Universalisierung; Zeit
description: Limina, 2(2), 107-129
URANUS: Radio Frequency Tracking, Classification and Identification of Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles
Creators: name: Lofù, Domenico
name: Di Gennaro, Pietro
name: Tedeschi, Pietro
name: Di Noia, Tommaso
name: Di Sciascio, Eugenio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Safety and security issues for Critical Infrastructures are growing as attackers adopt drones as an attack vector flying in sensitive airspaces, such as airports, military bases, city centers, and crowded places. Despite the use of UAVs for logistics, shipping recreation activities, and commercial applications, their usage poses severe concerns to operators due to the violations and the invasions of the restricted airspaces. A cost-effective and real-time framework is needed to detect the presence of drones in such cases. In this contribution, we propose an efficient radio frequency-based detection framework called URANUS. We leverage real-time data provided by the Radio Frequency/Direction Finding system, and radars in order to detect, classify and identify drones (multi-copter and fixed-wings) invading no-drone zones. We adopt a Multilayer Perceptron neural network to identify and classify UAVs in real-time, with $90$% accuracy. For the tracking task, we use a Random Forest model to predict the position of a drone with an MSE $\approx0.29$, MAE $\approx0.04$, and $R^2\approx 0.93$. Furthermore, coordinate regression is performed using Universal Transverse Mercator coordinates to ensure high accuracy. Our analysis shows that URANUS is an ideal framework for identifying, classifying, and tracking UAVs that most Critical Infrastructure operators can adopt.
Multi-provider network service embedding
Creators: name: Dietrich, David
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Network function virtualization
subject: service chaining
subject: resource allocation
subject: topology abstractions
subject: combinatorial optimization
subject: Netzfunktionen-Virtualisierung
subject: Serviceketten
subject: Ressourcen-Allokation
subject: abstrakte Topologien
subject: kombinatorische Optimierung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: [no abstract]
Nanocrystals for nanodot memories : ion beam synthesis and electrical studies
Creators: name: Beyer, Volkhard
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Ion implantation
subject: nanocrystals
subject: non-volatile memory
subject: Ionenimplantation
subject: Nanokristalle
subject: nichtflüchtige Speicherbauelemente
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: [no abstract]
Advances in honeycomb layered oxides: Part I -- Syntheses and Characterisations of Pnictogen- and Chalcogen-Based Honeycomb Layered Oxides
Creators: name: Kanyolo, Godwill Mbiti
name: Masese, Titus
name: Alshehabi, Abbas
name: Huang, Zhen-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advancements in nanotechnology continue to unearth material vistas that presage a new age of revolutionary functionalities replete with unparalleled physical properties and avant-garde chemical capabilities that promise sweeping paradigm shifts in energy, environment, telecommunications and potentially healthcare. At the upper echelons of this realm, the pnictogen and chalcogen class of honeycomb layered oxides have emerged with fascinating crystal chemistry and exotic electromagnetic and topological phenomena that muster multifaceted concepts spanning from materials science to condensed matter physics and potential applications in electrochemistry, quantum mechanics and electronics. In a bid to shed light on the mechanisms governing these biomimetic nanostructures, this review highlights the significant milestones and breakthroughs that have augmented their current fundamental theory, properties, and utilities. Herein, we elucidate the vast promising crystal chemistry space against the backdrop of known synthesis and characterisation techniques employed in the development and optimisation of this class of honeycomb layered oxides. Further, we highlight key theoretical models that have reinvigorated the exploration and characterisation of within this class of materials and are poised to redefine the frontiers of material research and their applications. We conclude by envisaging future research directions where fascinating physicochemical, topological and electromagnetic properties could be lurking and where valiant efforts ought to be inclined, particularly in the prospective realisation of exotic material compositional space as well as their utility as testing grounds for emergent two-dimensional (2D) topological quantum gravity and conformal field theories.
description: 110 pages, 48 figures, 14 tables
WMAP 9-year CMB estimation using sparsity
Creators: name: Bobin, J.
name: Sureau, F.
name: Paykari, P.
name: Rassat, A.
name: Basak, S.
name: Starck, J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recovering the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) from WMAP data requires galactic foreground emissions to be accurately separated out. Most component separation techniques rely on second order statistics such as Internal Linear Combination (ILC) techniques. In this paper, we present a new WMAP 9-year CMB map, with 15 arcmin resolution, which is reconstructed using a recently introduced sparse component separation technique, coined Local Generalized Morphological Component Analysis (LGMCA). LGMCA emphasizes on the sparsity of the components to be retrieved in the wavelet domain. We show that although derived from a radically different separation criterion ({i.e. sparsity), the LGMCA-WMAP 9 map and its power spectrum are fully consistent with their more recent estimates from WMAP 9.
description: Submitted to A&A (revised)
Nano-antenna-assisted high-order harmonic generation
Creators: name: Pfullmann, Nils
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasmonics
subject: optical antennas
subject: high-order harmonic generation
subject: Plasmonik
subject: optische Antennen
subject: Erzeugung Hoher Harmonischer Strahlung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Large-distance properties of holographic baryons
Creators: name: Colangelo, Pietro
name: Sanz-Cillero, Juan Jose
name: Zuo, Fen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing the asymptotic instanton solution in an arbitrary background of a set of holographic QCD models, we show that baryon form factors have a precise large-distance behaviour regardless of the background. The dependence coincides with that obtained from general chiral soliton models and large-$N_C$ chiral perturbation theory. The nonlinear terms in the equations of motion are necessary to recover the correct results. We also show that the holographic currents have the right structure at low energy if the solutions of the full equation of motion, instead of the linearized ones, are used. The indication is that in this holographic approach, the linearized approximation used in the meson sector is not appropriate for the solitonic description of the baryons.
description: 20 pages, no figure
Diffuse light in the young cluster of galaxies CL J1449+0856 at z=2.07
Creators: name: Adami, C.
name: Durret, F.
name: Guennou, L.
name: Da Rocha, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cluster properties do not seem to be changing significantly during their mature evolution phase, for example they do not seem to show strong dynamical evolution at least up to z~0.5, their galaxy red sequence is already in place at least up to z$\sim$1.2, and their diffuse light content remains stable up to z~0.8. The question is now to know if cluster properties can evolve more significantly at redshifts notably higher than 1. We propose here to see how the properties of the intracluster light (ICL) evolve with redshift by detecting and analysing the ICL in the X-ray cluster CL J1449+0856 at z=2.07 (discovered by Gobat et al. 2011), based on deep HST NICMOS H band exposures.We used the same wavelet-based method as that applied to 10 clusters between z=0.4 and 0.8 by Guennou et al. (2012). We detect three diffuse light sources with respective total magnitudes of H=24.8, 25.5, and 25.9, plus a more compact object with a magnitude H=25.3. We discuss the significance of our detections and show that they are robust. The three sources of diffuse light indicate an elongation along a north-east south-west axis, similar to that of the distribution of the central galaxies and to the X-ray elongation. This strongly suggests a history of merging events along this direction. While Guennou et al. (2012) found a roughly constant amount of diffuse light for clusters between z~0 and 0.8, we put in evidence at least a 1.5 magnitude increase between z~0.8 and 2. If we assume that the amount of diffuse light is directly linked to the infall activity on the cluster, this implies that CL J1449+0856 is still undergoing strong merging events.
description: Accepted in A&A
GenHPF: General Healthcare Predictive Framework with Multi-task Multi-source Learning
Creators: name: Hur, Kyunghoon
name: Oh, Jungwoo
name: Kim, Junu
name: Kim, Jiyoun
name: Lee, Min Jae
name: Cho, Eunbyeol
name: Moon, Seong-Eun
name: Kim, Young-Hak
name: Atallah, Louis
name: Choi, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the remarkable progress in the development of predictive models for healthcare, applying these algorithms on a large scale has been challenging. Algorithms trained on a particular task, based on specific data formats available in a set of medical records, tend to not generalize well to other tasks or databases in which the data fields may differ. To address this challenge, we propose General Healthcare Predictive Framework (GenHPF), which is applicable to any EHR with minimal preprocessing for multiple prediction tasks. GenHPF resolves heterogeneity in medical codes and schemas by converting EHRs into a hierarchical textual representation while incorporating as many features as possible. To evaluate the efficacy of GenHPF, we conduct multi-task learning experiments with single-source and multi-source settings, on three publicly available EHR datasets with different schemas for 12 clinically meaningful prediction tasks. Our framework significantly outperforms baseline models that utilize domain knowledge in multi-source learning, improving average AUROC by 1.2%P in pooled learning and 2.6%P in transfer learning while also showing comparable results when trained on a single EHR dataset. Furthermore, we demonstrate that self-supervised pretraining using multi-source datasets is effective when combined with GenHPF, resulting in a 0.6%P AUROC improvement compared to models without pretraining. By eliminating the need for preprocessing and feature engineering, we believe that this work offers a solid framework for multi-task and multi-source learning that can be leveraged to speed up the scaling and usage of predictive algorithms in healthcare.
description: Accepted by IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
Multi-standard context-aware cognitive radio : sensing and classification mechanisms
Creators: name: Cruz Lopes Miranda, João Paulo
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cognitive radio
subject: signal detection and classification
subject: spectrum sensing
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: [no abstract]
Cosmological prior for the $J$-factor estimation of dwarf spheroidal galaxies
Creators: name: Horigome, Shun'ichi
name: Hayashi, Kohei
name: Ando, Shin'ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter halos of dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) play important roles in dark matter detection. Generally we estimate the halo profile using a kinematical equation of dSphs but the halo profile has a large uncertainty because we have only a limited number of kinematical dataset. In this paper, we utilize cosmological models of dark matter subhalos to obtain better constraints on halo profile of dSphs. The constraints are realized as two cosmological priors: satellite prior, based on a semi-analytic model of the accretion history of subhalos and their tidal stripping effect, and stellar-to-halo mass relation prior, which estimates halo mass of a galaxy from its stellar mass using empirical correlations. In addition, we adopt a radial dependent likelihood function by considering velocity dispersion profile, which allows us to mitigate the parameter degeneracy in the previous analysis using a radial independent likelihood function with averaged dispersion. Using these priors, we estimate the squared dark matter density integrated over the region-of-interest (so-called $J$-factor) of 8 classical and 27 ultra-faint dSphs. Our method significantly decreases the uncertainty of $J$-factors (upto about $20\%$) compared to the previous radial independent analysis. We confirm the model dependence of $J$-factor estimates by evaluating Bayes factors of different model setups and find that the estimates are still stable even when assuming different cosmological models.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures
Manipulation in Clutter with Whole-Arm Tactile Sensing
Creators: name: Jain, Advait
name: Killpack, Marc D.
name: Edsinger, Aaron
name: Kemp, Charles C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We begin this paper by presenting our approach to robot manipulation, which emphasizes the benefits of making contact with the world across the entire manipulator. We assume that low contact forces are benign, and focus on the development of robots that can control their contact forces during goal-directed motion. Inspired by biology, we assume that the robot has low-stiffness actuation at its joints, and tactile sensing across the entire surface of its manipulator. We then describe a novel controller that exploits these assumptions. The controller only requires haptic sensing and does not need an explicit model of the environment prior to contact. It also handles multiple contacts across the surface of the manipulator. The controller uses model predictive control (MPC) with a time horizon of length one, and a linear quasi-static mechanical model that it constructs at each time step. We show that this controller enables both real and simulated robots to reach goal locations in high clutter with low contact forces. Our experiments include tests using a real robot with a novel tactile sensor array on its forearm reaching into simulated foliage and a cinder block. In our experiments, robots made contact across their entire arms while pushing aside movable objects, deforming compliant objects, and perceiving the world.
description: This is the first version of a paper that we submitted to the International Journal of Robotics Research on December 31, 2011 and uploaded to our website on January 16, 2012
Multiple stigmatization of lesbian and bisexual mothers with HIV/AIDS in New York : a qualitative study
Creators: name: Unger, Hella Von
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Stigmatization
subject: lesbian
subject: HIV/AIDS
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: [no abstract]
Continuous Beam Alignment for Mobile MIMO
Creators: name: Naguib, Mohamed
name: Shabara, Yahia
name: Koksal, Can Emre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Millimeter-wave transceivers use large antenna arrays to form narrow high-directional beams and overcome severe attenuation. Narrow beams require large signaling overhead to be aligned if no prior information about beam directions is available. Moreover, beams drift with time due to user mobility and may need to be realigned. Beam tracking is commonly used to keep the beams tightly coupled and eliminate the overhead associated with realignment. Hence, with periodic measurements, beams are adjusted before they lose alignment. We propose a model where the receiver adjusts beam direction "continuously" over each physical-layer sample according to a carefully calculated estimate of the continuous variation of the beams. In our approach, the change of direction is updated using the rate variation prediction of beam angles via three different solutions. Our approach incurs no additional overhead in pilots, yet, the performance of beam tracking is improved significantly. Numerical results reveal an SNR enhancement associated with reducing the MSE of the beam directions. In addition, our approach reduces the pilot overhead by 60% and up to 87% while achieving a similar total tracking duration as the state-of-the-art.
description: The paper is accepted to be published by IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications