cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SHS Exacerbates cerebral ischemia: endothelial mechanisms
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Stroke is a devastating illness. Stroke is a form of cardiovascular disease that blocks vessels supplying blood to the brain. Stroke, the leading cause of long-term disability in the U.S., kills about 160,000 Americans every year, and was the third leading cause of death, behind heart disease and cancer. (In Japan, it is the major cause of cardiovascular death.)

 Stroke refers to brain damage due to inadequate blood flow. Common causes of stroke include atherosclerosis (hardening of the artery) affecting the arteries to the brain. A common cause of hardening of the arteries is tobacco use. Second hand smoke (SHS; passive smoking, due to the use of tobacco by others) is also known to damage arteries.

 In this study we will determine whether SHS causes changes in the arteries of the brain that worsen any sudden reductions in blood flow. Furthermore, we will determine if SHS impairs the ability of new blood vessels to grow into the brain (in a process called angiogenesis).

 Blood flow is regulated by many substances in the body. One of the most potent of this is nitric oxide (NO). We have found that NO is one of the strongest vasodilators (substances that relax the vessels to increase blood flow). In addition, NO is critical for the process of angiogenesis. Deficiency of NO reduces blood flow and impairs the ability of the body to regenerate blood vessels. A deficiency of NO production occurs in people who have elevated levels of ADMA (asymmetric dimethylarginine). This substance is increased by high cholesterol, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and other conditions that can cause hardening of the arteries. We will determine if SHS can increase blood levels of ADMA, and thereby make strokes worse.

 We will also determine if ADMA impairs the ability of the body to make new blood vessels.

 Another substance that regulates blood flow and blood vessel formation is acetylcholine. This substance is produced by the brain, and by the blood vessels. Acetylcholine can stimulate the brain (for thinking) and can stimulate blood vessels (to increase blood flow, and to cause angiogenesis). Notably, the nicotine in tobacco smoke can hijack the brain (causing addiction), and the blood vessels (initially causing vasodilation and angiogenesis). However, we have data that long-term exposure to tobacco smoke can impair the ability of the blood vessels to relax, and to generate new blood vessels. We therefore believe, and will try to confirm in this study, that long term exposure to SHS inhibits vasodilation and angiogenesis, and thereby impairs stroke.

 These studies may lead to new therapies to prevent or treat stroke, based on our growing knowledge of how to control blood vessel relaxation (and blood flow) and to regulate the development of new blood vessels (angiogenesis).
title: Ultrasonido terapéutico
Creators: name: De Luna Meza, Cynthia Gabriela
Publisher: name: Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: LFTS-023 Fisioterapéutica I;Fisioterapéutica I
subject: Ultrasonido
subject: Ultrasonido Terapéutico
subject: Fisioterapia
subject: Agentes físicos
subject: Rehabilitación

description: Este objeto educativo tiene como finalidad revisar las características principales del Ultrasonido terapéutico, así como consideraciones de su uso y dosificación, de manera sencilla para el estudiante de Fisioterapia.
Media mindfulness: developing the motivation and ability to process advertisements
Creators: name: Marcello-Serafin, Gina
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: The present study utilized the theories of flow, mindfulness, and the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion to explore which factors may influence the cognitive processing of advertisements by students who participated in a five-week media education curriculum. The purpose of this study was to determine if students who participated in a media education curriculum that focused on advertising differed in their cognitive processing, attitudes, and knowledge of advertisements from students who did not participate in the curriculum.  Participants were eighth grade middle school students from an affluent community in Morris County, New Jersey.  Differences in attitudes, number of thoughts, and knowledge were investigated. A grounded theory approach was used to analyze student thought listings. The results showed that students who participated in the media education curriculum were more mindful of their advertising consumption. Additionally, students had more positive attitudes toward advertising, language arts class, and working as a member of a team.  Students who participated in the curriculum were also more knowledgeable about advertising.
Panurginus punctiventris Morawitz 1875
Creators: name: Astafurova, Yulia V.
name: Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Andrenidae
Panurginus
Panurginus punctiventris

description: 30. Panurginus punctiventris Morawitz, 1875
(Fig. 30a–e)
Panurginus punctiventris Morawitz, 1875b: 60, ♀.
Type locality: Gyumri (Armenia).
Published (original) locality: “Alexandropol”.
Lectotype: ♀, designated by Astafurova & Romankova 2012: 150, Alexandropol [Armenia, Gyumri, 40°47′N 43°50′E] // punctiventris Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекциЯ] Ф. Моравица [collection of F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Panurginus punctiventris, design. Astafurova & Romankova, 2012  // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0002590
Paralectotype: ♀ (lack of metasoma), the same label as in the lectotype.
Current status. Panurginus punctiventris Morawitz, 1875 (according to Astafurova & Romankova 2012: 150).
Distribution. Israel, Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan (Astafurova & Romankova 2012).
description: Published as part of Astafurova, Yulia V. & Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., 2024, The type specimens of bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Contribution VIII. Family Andrenidae, subfamily Panurginae, pp. 251-293 in Zootaxa 5541 (3) on page 280, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5541.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14241042
Pressure Vessels Fabrication
Creators: name: Hadzihafizovic, Dzevad
Publisher: name: Dzevad Hadzihafizovic's Lab
Year: 2024

description: Pressure Vessels Fabrication, inspection and testing, and acceptance

This Standard is applicable to the structures of pressure vessels as follows: single-layer welded pressure vessels, forged-welded pressure vessels, and multi- layered pressure vessels (Including wrapped layered cylindrical segment, wrapped layered cylindrical entirety, flat steel ribbon wound, and shrink fit pressure vessels).This Standard specifies the requirements for the fabrication, inspection and testing, and acceptance of steel pressure vessels within the applicable scope of GB 150; the requirements for the fabrication, inspection and testing, and acceptance of pressure vessels made of other materials shall be in accordance with the relevant standards.
Panurginus sculpturatus F. Morawitz 1872
Creators: name: Astafurova, Yulia V.
name: Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Andrenidae
Panurginus
Panurginus sculpturatus

description: 31. Panurginus sculpturatus Morawitz, 1872
(Fig. 31a–f)
Panurginus sculpturatus Morawitz, 1872a: 60, ♂.
Type locality: Saratov (Russia).
Published (original) locality: “Gubern. Saratov ”.
Holotype: ♂, Saratov. [Russia, Saratov Province, Saratov, 51°32′N 46°00′E] // Panurginus sculpturatus F. Morawitz [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // // к.[оллекциЯ] Ф. Моравица [collection of F. Morawitz] // Holotypus Panurginus sculpturatus Morawitz, 1872  // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS _ HYM_0002532.
Current status. Panurginus sculpturatus Morawitz, 1872 (according to Astafurova & Romankova 2012: 153).
Distribution. South-eastern Europe, Russia (east to the Urals), Turkey (Astafurova & Romankova 2012).
description: Published as part of Astafurova, Yulia V. & Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., 2024, The type specimens of bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Contribution VIII. Family Andrenidae, subfamily Panurginae, pp. 251-293 in Zootaxa 5541 (3) on page 281, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5541.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14241042
Distributed spectrum coordination for multi-radio platform co-existence: an experimental study on the orbit testbed
Creators: name: Anandaraman, Shanmuga Sundaram
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: This thesis presents an experimental investigation of algorithms for protocol-assisted spectrum coordination of multi-radio platforms in a dense radio environment. With  increasing proliferation of new wireless technologies and radio standards such as 802.11b/g, Bluetooth, Zigbee, UWB, WiMax etc,  multi-radio devices such as laptop computers, cell phones and PDA's will need to co-exist in shared unlicensed frequency bands. The common spectrum coordination channel (CSCC) protocol has previously been proposed as a method for nearby devices to exchange spectrum usage and traffic information necessary to execute decentralized co-existence algorithms.  This work focuses on the application of CSCC to dense deployments of multi-radio platforms with both 802.11 WLAN and Bluetooth in a typical office/SOHO type environment. Distributed spectrum coordination algorithms listen to these CSCC announcements from radios within range, and back off their transmission parameters to avoid contributing excessive interference. We have developed a set of distributed coordination algorithms, with the objective of achieving efficient co-existence between interfering radios while maintaining acceptable QOS (Quality of Service) at every node. Specific coordination algorithms considered include Bluetooth defer-transfer (Bo), Simple Source Rate adaptation (Rt), distance based SIR link budget rate adaptation (SIR-BT).  Each of these algorithms is defined and evaluated using dual-radio nodes on the 400-node ORBIT radio grid.  System performance parameters obtained from the experiments are throughput, file transmission delay (for TCP) and quality of data/audio/video streams (for UDP). Experimental results are given for a number of device densities and topologies.  Significant degradation in throughput and application performance is observed without spectrum coordination.  The proposed CSCC-based coordination algorithms are shown to provide significant performance gains, both in terms of system throughput and application level parameters.  Overall, for the scenarios considered, the proposed coordination algorithms provide ~50-100% improvement in system throughput when compared to the case with no coordination.
Weld imperfections
Creators: name: Hadzihafizovic, Dzevad
Publisher: name: Dzevad Hadzihafizovic's Lab
Year: 2023

description: Weld imperfections 

Types of welding imperfections Different types of welding imperfections can occur. Think for example of cracks, porosity, a convex or hollow weld. These are also recorded and described in a standard. The NEN-EN-ISO 6520-1:2007. In this standard, welding imperfections are subdivided into the following groups: Cracks Cavities Solid inclusions Bonding errors and inadequate weld penetration Geometric deviations Other imperfections According to this standard, each welding imperfection is indicated by a three- or four-digit code, with the first digit indicating the group. Some examples are: 1011 – Longitudinal crack 2013 – Porosity 3011 – Slag inclusion 4021 – Inadequate penetration 5011 – Indentation 602 – Welding spatter Many of these imperfections can be seen with the naked eye and will therefore be noticed during the visual examination of the welded joint.
Arabinofuranose 1-deoxy-β-1-C-sulfonic acid
Creators: name: Won, Walter S.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Utilizing the tools of bioisosteres, we were able to rationally design a sulfonic acid that can possibly mimic the natural arabinosyltransferase donor, β-1,2-cis-decaprenolphoarabinose.  The sulfur replacement provides a more enzymatically stable donor that can possibly inhibit the actions of arabinosyltransferases upon binding and thus prevent the biosynthetic pathway of the arabinogalactan cell wall that is essential to the viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.    We have successfully synthesized β-1-C-sulfonic acid from a new 1-thio-D-arabinofuanose acetate.  Incorporating the ideas from previously published routes to the key intermediates, we describe the successes and failures in our approach to the target sulfonic acid.  The route includes a useful method of oxidizing acid-sensitive substrates.
Antiatherogenic helical segments of apo A-I
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Atherosclerosis is a common form of heart disease that has a high prevalence in people that use tobacco products including those that smoke cigarettes. Elevated levels of HDL-cholesterol, i.e. the “good” cholesterol, normally protect against atherosclerosis, but exposure to cigarette smoke produces HDL deficiency and, with it, an increased risk of atherosclerotic heart disease. The protective effect of HDL is related, in part, to its ability to extract cholesterol from cells of the artery wall and to transport cholesterol back to the liver for its release from the body. This process is known as “reverse cholesterol transport”. Exposure to cigarette smoke facilitates the deposition of “bad” cholesterol into cells of the artery wall overwhelming the protective capacity of HDL, which is low in smokers. This imbalance, which favors cholesterol deposition in arteries at the expense of its removal, occurs over decades of tobacco use.

 Recent advances in our understanding of HDL structure and function suggest new strategies for the treatment of tobacco-related diseases such as atherosclerosis. The major protein of HDL is apolipoproteinA-I (apoA-I). ApolipoproteinA-I mediates the removal of excess cholesterol from macrophage foam cells within the artery wall. This process of cellular cholesterol efflux mediated by apoA-I is responsible for the protective effects attributed to HDL. ApoA-I mediated cholesterol efflux requires a partner in the form of a molecular “pump” known as ABCA1 that facilitates cholesterol release from cells of the artery wall. Understanding the nature of the interaction between apoA-I and the ABCA1 transporter is of great clinical interest allowing the development of new therapeutic strategies for reversing atherosclerotic lesions. We have tentatively identified the structural basis for the interaction between apoA-I and the ABCA1 transporter. Our studies suggest that a discrete structural element present in apoA-I is responsible for extracting cholesterol from cells via the ABCA1 transporter. Moreover, this apoA-I structural element appears also to prevent the cellular degradation of ABCA1 providing a means for up-regulating the HDL biosynthetic machinery. In this regard, the structural element that we have identified appears to selectively mediate cholesterol efflux through the ABCA1 pathway. These findings are truly exciting suggesting that a small peptide based on the apoA-I structural element that stimulates ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux may have practical clinical applications as a therapeutic agent to combat cigarette smoke-induced atherosclerosis.
Odopoea Stal 1861
Creators: name: Sanborn, Allen F.
name: Heath, Maxine S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Odopoea

description: Odopoea Stål, 1861
Adusella Haupt 1918: 84.
Edholmbergia Delétang 1919: 70.
Type species. Tettigonia dilatata Fabricius 1775 (Jamaica).
Remarks. The genus is spread over most of tropical South and Central America and into the Caribbean with species reported from the Antilles, Argentina, Brazil, Hispaniola, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Peru (Metcalf 1963a; Sanborn 2006a; 2007b; 2013).
description: Published as part of Sanborn, Allen F. & Heath, Maxine S., 2014, The cicadas of Argentina with new records, a new genus and fifteen new species (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae), pp. 1-94 in Zootaxa 3883 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3883.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4951252
Learning and neurogenesis: are new cells rescued from death with each new learning experience?
Creators: name: Sisti, Helene M.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: New cells in the adult hippocampus become apoptotic, e.g. begin programmed cell death, about one week after they are generated.  If animals begin to learn a hippocampal-dependent task, at precisely the time when these cells would normally begin apoptosis, then the fate of these cells is altered.  Instead of dying, the newly generated cells survive.  These new cells differentiate into mature neurons and become fully integrated into the hippocampal network.  Thus far, much of this work has focused on a single training experience.  An important question has yet to be addressed: are new cells rescued from death with each new learning experience?  In the present series of experiments, animals were trained with two phases of eyeblink conditioning.  During the first phase, animals either learned the same task, a different one, or remained in their home cage.  A single injection of BrdU was given after the first training experience had been completed, and one week before the start of the second training experience.  Animals that were trained with a single phase of eyeblink conditioning retained more BrdU-labeled cells than those trained with two phases or no training at all.  When animals were re-categorized based on learning during the second phase, instead of by training condition, there was a significant positive correlation between improvement and number of new neurons.  Animals that demonstrated a larger degree of improvement retained more one week old neurons than animals that did not learn very well, regardless of previous experience.  Overall, these data suggest that even during a second training experience, learning can rescue one week old neurons from death.
University of Debrecen CoARA Action Plan 2024-2027
Creators: name: University of Debrecen
name: Tozser, Jozsef
name: Karacsony, Gyongyi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: CoARA
Action Plan

description: As a CoARA member, the University of Debrecen (UD) shares its 2024-2027 Action Plan with the community. The Action Plan describes the current activities at University of Debrecen as far as the future actions to align with the committments outlined in the CoARA agreement.
Odopoea insignifera Berg 1879
Creators: name: Sanborn, Allen F.
name: Heath, Maxine S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Odopoea
Odopoea insignifera

description: Odopoea insignifera Berg, 1879
O[dopoea] insignifera Berg 1879: 135.
Type locality. Tucumán and Salta, Argentina.
Remarks. The species is known only from Argentina and has been reported from Tucumán, Jujuy, and Salta Provinces (Berg 1879; Hayward 1942; Torres 1946; Hayward 1960; Metcalf 1963a; Duffels & van der Laan 1985; Goemans 2010). We collected specimens in Salta Province. The species was collected in the middle levels of the Yunga floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).
description: Published as part of Sanborn, Allen F. & Heath, Maxine S., 2014, The cicadas of Argentina with new records, a new genus and fifteen new species (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae), pp. 1-94 in Zootaxa 3883 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3883.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4951252
Regulation of epithelial cell polarity and lung disease
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The lung consists of a branching tree of tubes. The final branches end in tiny air sacs. All of the tubes and air sacs are lined by a single layer of cells, called epithelial cells. This layer of epithelial cells forms the crucial barrier between the outside world (that is the air we breath), and the interior of the organism. All of the exchanges between the outside world and the interior take place across this epithelial layer, so its correct functioning is essential to life. To perform this vital function, each epithelial cell is polarized, that is it has an asymmetric organization. Each cell has a surface that faces the lumen and contacts the air. This surface is called the apical surface. The other surface of the cell is called the basolateral surface and it contacts adjacent cells and the underlying tissues of the organism.

 The epithelial cells are directly exposed to the harmful and carcinogenic chemicals in tobacco smoke. Damage to the epithelial cells leads to at least two major types of tobacco-related disease. First, most lung cancers arise from epithelial cells. A hallmark of lung cancer is that the cells lose their polarity. Indeed, the degree of loss of polarity correlates with the severity of the disease. Second, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves changes to the architecture of the lung, including epithelial polarity. In the form of COPD known as chronic bronchitis, there is an increased proliferation of glands that are associated with the large airways. These glands produce secretions and mucus, and the production of these substances is increased in chronic bronchitis. These glands are also lined by a single layer of polarized epithelial cells, and so understanding their polarity and proliferation is important to understanding chronic bronchitis.

 I will study how epithelial cells become polarized. Cell polarity is controlled in most cell types by a master regulator, a complex of proteins known as Par3, Par6, atypical Protein Kinase C (aPKC) and Cdc42. I will study how this complex regulates polarized of epithelial cells. I will grow epithelial cells in the laboratory, in three-dimensional gels. This system replicates the most important features found in epithelial cells in the lung. My results should provide new insights into the pathogenesis and progression of lung cancer and COPD, and may help in discovering new therapeutics, diagnostics, and prophylaxis.
Fluorescence probing of complex solvent environments: polymeric nanocarrier aggregates and rilpivirine
Creators: name: Steege, Karen Elizabeth
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: The local environment of a drug molecule in polymeric drug nanocarrier solutions impacts the bioavailability of the drug and its ability to reach its target in the biological system. The local environment and aggregation properties of small, hydrophobic molecules in aqueous polymeric micelles and nanocarrier aggregates are explored using fluorescence spectroscopy for the purpose of characterizing drug delivery formulations on molecular length scales. The fluorescence properties of seven coumarin dyes in A-B-A triblock copolymer unimer, micelle, and gel solutions respond to changes in local solvent environment. The A-B-A copolymer is used as a model for the encapsulationproperties of three novel amphiphilic polymers designed for hydrophobic drug delivery.  Rilpivirine, a novel HIV inhibitor shows solvatochromic fluorescence spectral response due to a large charge transfer between the ground and electronic excited states. The fluorescence of rilpivirine in A-B-A triblock copolymer is investigated as a method to differentiate between the aggregated and unimer forms of the solubilized drug.
A new framework of optimizing keyword weights in text categorization and record querying
Creators: name: Singhal, Harsh
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: In text mining research, the Vector Space Model (VSM) has been commonly used to represent text documents as a vector where each component is associated with a particular word in the documents. Assigning appropriate keyword weights in VSM has been critical in Information Retrieval (IR) and Text Categorization (TC). Traditionally keyword weighting processes are unsupervised; that is, the knowledge of document's category is not leveraged to label the documents. Typically, each keyword weight is assigned using the term frequency -- inverse document frequency (TFIDF) measure. Although the TFIDF measure has been proven effective in several text mining problems, it might not give the optimal classification power for IR and TC. In this thesis, we propose a new optimization framework to find the best keyword weights based on the proposed inter-class and intra-class similarity concept.The optimal keyword weight can be viewed as the feature space projection where documents from the same category are best clustered together and separated from other categories. Subsequently, the category average (centroid) classification is employed to categorize text documents. The proposed approach is tested on two practical applications: record query and text categorization. The record query application is slightly different from traditional IR problems as the goal is to find correlated (duplicate and master) text records. This problem was initiated by a telecommunication company where service engineers attempt to look for associations of the current defect problem in previously recorded problems in the database. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework significantly improves the classification accuracy and provides balanced performance as measured on all text categories when compared to the standard TFIDF search. The text categorization application is tested on the Reuters news data set which is a gold-standard benchmark data set. The results show that our framework improves performance for the two applications considered, namely Information Retrieval and Text Categorization.
Alsophylax persicus
Creators: name: Ananjeva, Natalia B.
name: Milto, Konstantin D.
name: Barabanov, Andrei V.
name: Golynsky, Evgeny A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Gekkonidae
Alsophylax
Alsophylax persicus

description: Alsophylax persicus NIKOLSKY (1903: 95)
Holotype:
ZISP 10005, “Vikus Degak in terra Dizak, Persia orient.” [Dehak, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran, 28.99 N 60.54 E]. Leg. N. A. Zarudny, 09.II.1901.
Present name: Microgecko persicus (Nikolsky, 1903) fide Bauer et al. (2013).
description: Published as part of Ananjeva, Natalia B., Milto, Konstantin D., Barabanov, Andrei V. & Golynsky, Evgeny A., 2020, An annotated type catalogue of amphibians and reptiles collected by Nikolay A Zarudny in Iran and Middle Asia, pp. 101-128 in Zootaxa 4722 (2) on page 113, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4722.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3605815
Odopoea signata Sanborn & Heath 2014, rev. stat., comb. n.
Creators: name: Sanborn, Allen F.
name: Heath, Maxine S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Odopoea
Odopoea signata

description: Odopoea signata (Haupt, 1918) rev. stat., comb. n.
Adusella signata Haupt 1918: 84.
Type locality. Catamarca, Argentina.
Remarks. Delétang (1919) incorrectly transferred Tettigades lebruni Distant, 1906 to a new genus: Edholmbergia. However, the illustration of E. lebruni in Delétang (1919) clearly does not match the type specimen of T. lebruni in the BMNH and T. lebruni has been reassigned to Tettigades (Torres 1958a). Metcalf (1963a) synonymized T. lebruni, O. venturii Distant, 1906, Adusella signata and Edholmbergia lebruni with O. lebruni. Odopoea venturii was considered correctly a distinct species in Duffels & van der Laan (1985). The figures of Adusella signata in Haupt (1918) and Edholmbergia lebruni in Delétang (1919) appear to depict the same species. Both are members of the genus Odopoea rather than Tettigades. Therefore, Edholmbergi is retained as a junior synonym of Odopoea despite the fact it was originally produced for a species that is now classified in the genus Tettigades. The taxon T. lebruni was misapplied to the specimen used as the type for the genus Edholmbergi. As a result, Adusella signata rev. stat. is resurrected as a valid species and reassigned to Odopoea to become O. signata (Haupt, 1918) comb. n. The lateral extensions of the pronotum in O. signata are less expansive than O. venturii, the forewing is more ovoid, and the zig-zag pattern of infuscation along the transverse veins at the base of the apical cells may also be incomplete. It also appears to have a more southerly distribution than O. venturii with specimens being collected in Catamarca and La Rioja Provinces (Metcalf 1963a; Goemans 2010) while O. venturii has been reported from Catamarca, Salta, and Tucumán (Distant 1906a; Hayward 1942; Torres 1946; Hayward 1960) in Argentina extending northward through Bolivia (AFS unpublished) into Peru (Jacobi, 1951). Therefore, we resurrect Odopoea signata as a valid species.
description: Published as part of Sanborn, Allen F. & Heath, Maxine S., 2014, The cicadas of Argentina with new records, a new genus and fifteen new species (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae), pp. 1-94 in Zootaxa 3883 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3883.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4951252
Hormones associated with friendship between adult male and lactating female olive baboons, Papio hamadryas anubis
Creators: name: Shur, Marc David
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Adult male and lactating female olive baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) form non-sexual attachments described by researchers as "friendships." Explanations for the evolutionary function of baboon friendship for males and females have been debated by many primatologists, but have yet to be determined conclusively. I tested hypotheses concerning the adaptive significance of friendship for each sex with analyses of fecal hormones. For males, I examined the association between testosterone and glucocorticoids, and friendship formation and maintenance. For lactating females, I investigated the association between glucocorticoid concentrations and friendship.  Fecal samples and data on social behavior and spatial relations were collected from 26 adult male and 22 lactating female baboons in two study groups located in Laikipia, Kenya. Hormone concentrations were assessed by radioimmunoassay. Friendships were determined from composite proximity scores (C-scores) calculated for each male-female dyad in the groups. In male friends, profiles for testosterone, but not glucocorticoids, were consistent with a "paternal care" hormonal profile found in pair bonded primates and rodents. I argue that testosterone concentrations in male baboons suggest a hormonal mechanism underlying friendship and paternal solicitude similar to that in other mammals. The glucocorticoid profile of male friends led me to an alternative conclusion: periparturition and chronic elevation of glucocorticoids in male baboons during the lactation phase of their female friends functions to decrease testosterone and thereby divert male behavioral strategies from male-male competition and mating effort toward friendship with lactating females (and their infants). In lactating females, glucocorticoid levels were consistent with the hypothesis that male friends buffer lactating females from harassment induced stress. More particularly, my data suggest that lactating females are susceptible to stress from harassment by adult males rather than higher-ranking females, and that male friends may serve a protective function.
Measuring the growth of structure with multi-wavelength surveys of galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Sehgal, Neelima
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Current and near-future galaxy cluster surveys at a variety of wavelengths are expected to provide a promising way to obtain precision measurements of the growth of structure over cosmic time. This in turn would serve as an important precision probe of cosmology. However, to realize the full potential of these surveys, systematic uncertainties arising from, for example, cluster mass estimates and sample selection must be well understood.  This work follows several different approaches towards alleviating these uncertainties.Cluster sample selection is investigated in the context of arcminute-resolution millimeter-wavelength surveys such as the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and the South Pole Telescope (SPT).  Large-area, realistic simulations of the microwave sky are constructed and cluster detection is simulated using a multi-frequency Wiener filter to separate the galaxy clusters, via their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signal, from other contaminating microwave signals.  Using this technique, an ACT-like survey can expect to obtain a cluster sample that is 90% complete and 85% pure above a mass of 3 x 10^14 Msun.Cluster mass uncertainties are explored by comparing X-ray and weak-lensing mass estimates for shear-selected galaxy clusters in the Deep Lens Survey (DLS) to study possible biases in using cluster baryons or weak-lensing shear as tracers of the cluster total mass. Results are presented for four galaxy clusters that comprise the top-ranked shear-selected system in the DLS, and for three of these clusters there is agreement between X-ray and weak-lensing mass estimates.  For the fourth cluster, the X-ray mass estimate is higher than that from weak-lensing by 2-sigma, and X-ray images suggest this cluster may be undergoing a merger with a smaller cluster, which may be biasing the X-ray mass estimate high. The feasibility of measuring galaxy cluster peculiar velocities using an ACT-like instrument is also investigated.  Such a possibility would allow one to measure structure growth via large-scale velocity fields and circumvent the uncertainties associated with measuring cluster masses.   We show that such measurements are possible and yield statistical uncertainties of roughly 100 km/sec given either a temperature prior with 1-sigma errors of less than 2 keV or additional lower frequency millimeter-band observations.
title: Potential Analysis and Feasibility Study on the Hydrothermal Utilization of Rivers — Using Marburg on the Lahn River as Case Study
Creators: name: Gappisch, Jessika
name: Borchardt, Steve
name: Lehmann, Boris
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2025

description: Due to their high specific heat capacity and constant thermal regeneration through flow, rivers are a promising renewable environmental heat source. The suitability of a river for hydrothermal use depends on river section-specific and site-specific factors. This paper presents a methodological proposal for a river section-specific potential analysis and site-specific feasibility study. The presentation of measured values in the form of hydrographs and duration curves as well as the use of suitable mean values and confidence intervals are central steps in the evaluation. The application of the potential analysis showed that the discharge in particular influences the size of the heat potential, while the water temperature determines whether and how the hydrothermal use is possible. The focus of this work was on the analysis of water temperature. Its significance for hydro-thermal use is multi-layered, and an assessment should be carried out at different levels. Using two specific sites on the Lahn river as a case study, the feasibility study method is demonstrated in this paper.
MPEC 2024-J237 : 2024 JJ8
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 JJ8

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Tobacco oxidants, EGF receptor stability, and lung disease
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: According to the American Lung Association, “Lung cancer has become the leading cause of cancer mortality in both men and women in the United States and will cause an estimated 157,200 deaths in 2003, accounting for 28% of all cancer deaths.” It is estimated that 87% of lung cancer cases are caused by smoking. Smokers have about a 20-fold increase in lung cancer risk compared to non-smokers and the risk increases with the duration of smoking and amount smoked per day. Cigarette smoke contains abundant free radical species and reactive oxidants, which have been suggested to play a role in cigarette smoke-induced adverse health effects. Although the connection between smoking and lung cancer is clear, the mechanism by which smoking leads to lung cancer is poorly understood. One proposed mechanism suggests that absorption of tobacco smoke reactive oxidants, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), by lung epithelial cells may have dire consequences on cell function.

 ErbB1, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is involved in regulation of growth of many cell types, particularly epithelial cells. The ability of the activated EGFR to terminate its signaling via a process of degradation is crucial for normal cell function. In situations where cells are unable to degrade EGFR and terminate its function, extensive cell growth and cancer development can occur. Our hypothesis is that reactive oxidants, such as H2O2, in cigarette smoke cause alterations of the EGFR that result in prolonged signaling due to its inability to be degraded. The goal of the proposed project is to determine how exposure of lung epithelial cells to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) or H2O2 may prolong signaling by the EGFR. We will characterize the effects of ETS or H2O2 exposure on EGFR activation and its signaling termination. We will also examine alterations in the signaling components which are activated by EGFR that may lead to uncontrolled growth in the lung epithelium.

 Characterization of the pathways involved in lung injury or hyperplasia at the molecular and cellular level is crucial not only for the understanding of how cigarette smoking leads to lung cancer, but also for identifying specific targets for the development of therapeutic and pharmacological strategies to block the deleterious effects of tobacco smoke reactive oxidants. These therapies would benefit those who continue to smoke despite knowledge of the health risks as well those affected by their secondhand smoke.
Magnetoplasmadynamic (MPD) Thrusters
Creators: name: Hadzihafizovic, Dzevad
Publisher: name: Dzevad Hadzihafizovic's Lab
Year: 2023

description: Magnetoplasmadynamic (MPD) Thrusters

Abstract. Magnetoplasmadynamic (MPD) thrusters are capable of accelerating quasi-neutral plasmas to high exhaust velocities using Megawatts (MW) of electric power. These characteristics make such devices worthy of consideration for demanding, far-term missions such as the human exploration of Mars or beyond. Assessment of MPD thrusters at the system and mission level is often difficult due to their status as ongoing experimental research topics rather than developed thrusters. However, in order to assess MPD thrusters’ utility in later missions, some adequate characterization of performance, or more exactly, projected performance, and system level definition are required for use in analyses. The most recent physical models of self-field MPD thrusters have been examined, assessed, and reconfigured for use by systems and mission analysts. The physical models allow for rational projections of thruster performance based on physical parameters that can be measured in the laboratory. The models and their implications for the design of future MPD thrusters are presented.
Panurginus semiopacus Morawitz 1894
Creators: name: Astafurova, Yulia V.
name: Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Andrenidae
Panurginus
Panurginus semiopacus

description: 32. Panurginus semiopacus Morawitz, 1894
(Fig. 32a–f)
Panurginus semiopacus Morawitz, 1894: 59, ♀, ♂.
Type locality: Tejen, Ahal Province (Turkmenistan).
Published (original) locality: “Tedshen“.
Lectotype (designated here): ♂, Tedshen [Turkmenistan, Ahal Province, Tejen, 37°22′N 60°30′E] // semiopacus F. Moraw., ♂ [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекциЯ] Ф. Моравица [collection of F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Panurginus semiopacus Morawitz, 1894, design. Astafurova & Proshchalykin, 2024  // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0002753.
Paralectotypes: ♀, ♂, the same label as in the lectotype.
Current status. Panurginus semiopacus Morawitz, 1894.
Distribution. Turkmenistan.
description: Published as part of Astafurova, Yulia V. & Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., 2024, The type specimens of bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Contribution VIII. Family Andrenidae, subfamily Panurginae, pp. 251-293 in Zootaxa 5541 (3) on page 282, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5541.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14241042
Paintings of Pueblo Indians and the politics of preservation in the American southwest
Creators: name: Scott, Sascha T.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: This dissertation investigates paintings of Pueblo Indians produced in the 1920s.  Painted at a time when the federal policy of assimilation was being vigorously contested, many of these images are imbued with a preservationist perspective. Artists, such as Marsden Hartley, John Sloan, and Ernest L. Blumenschein, struggled to find a new visual language for representing the Pueblo people, one that would correspond to their protests against assimilationist policy.  Through the efforts of artists in favor of the preservation of American Indian culture, a new concept of "Indianness" was popularized.  An anthropological perspective, or one that recorded the customs of "vanishing" Indians, was displaced by a subjective vision, which attempted to evoke the abstract qualities of contemporary Indian rituals, such as their rhythms, communalism, and connection to nature.  This new visual language, with its ideological complexities and paradoxes, permeates Georgia O'Keeffe's paintings of Indian ceremonials.A study of the extent to which artists' preservationist stance framed their view of Pueblo Indians, and the visual manifestation of this view in their art, enriches the discourse concerning the art of the Southwest by adding a critical interpretive layer.
Nicotine effects on gene expression and metaplasticity
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: One of the most sinister aspects of tobacco is that it is so highly addictive. Addiction to nicotine is central to all tobacco-related disease; therefore, understanding the mechanisms of nicotine addiction will help us generate therapies aimed at alleviating the desire to use tobacco. It is clear that addiction to tobacco is very strong and very long-lasting: ex-smokers can relapse years after smoking cessation. This long-lasting effect of nicotine or other addictive drugs can be seen as a memory for the drug taking behavior. We know quite a bit about the mechanisms neurons in the brain use to produce memories and, intriguingly, much recent research has indicated that addictive drugs recruit very similar mechanisms to produce their long-lasting effects. Our lab has a strong track-record in examining the cellular and molecular mechanisms in neurons that produce long-term alterations in their function that are related to learning and memory. In this proposal I suggest experiments aimed using this expertise to look at the cellular and molecular responses of neurons to chronic nicotine exposure. In particular, addictive drugs seem to regulate which genes in neurons are expressed: I will examine the mechanisms by which nicotine regulates gene expression. Understanding how neurons respond to chronic nicotine exposure, as occurs in the brains of smokers, will provide important insight into the mechanisms of addiction. One goal of understanding the changes within cells that mediate addiction to nicotine is to generate therapies that target these changes to prevent or break the addiction.
Historical legacies, competition and dispersal control patterns of invasion by a non-native grass, Microstegium vimineum Trin. (A. Camus)
Creators: name: Schramm, Jonathon William
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Biological invasions can be controlled by a number of factors, and the importance of these factors for individual species can change depending on the spatial scale under consideration. Furthermore, the long-term legacies of past land use may be among the major factors structuring contemporary communities. This study was designed to merge these two lines of thought by observing the processes influencing invasion success of an exotic grass species, Microstegium vimineum. Plots within twenty hardwood forest stands of different ages (40 years old to [greater than] 100 years) were surveyed in central New Jersey for the presence and abundance of this species, and the data was analyzed using simple, multiple linear and logistic regressions, as well as regression trees. At the stand scale, M. vimineum abundance was influenced by age, slope, shrub cover and forest connectivity, with far more predictable responses in younger stands than in old. On the plot scale, forest age and prior use were again the dominant influences on abundance of the invasive. Invasion in old forests was most promoted by thinner canopy cover, while younger stands were most influenced by soil type and distance to forest edge. Further studies along dispersal corridors (streams and trails) in these stands consistently showed more invasion in younger stands than older, but also found the intensity of invasion to be higher along such corridors than through areas without them. Observation of isolated patches confirmed that seed dispersal is mostly short-range without dispersal conduits, with most seeds germinating less than a meter from their parent patch boundaries. Finally, an experimental study of the role of understory shrub cover and litter depth on seed germination and seedling growth showed that shade from shrubs strongly limits survival and growth. Seeds also need to be in contact with mineral soil to establish, but otherwise litter depth does not influence growth. These studies demonstrate that the establishment and spread of this invasive species is affected by complex hierarchies of factors that differ in stands with different land use histories. Land managers can use these differences to design targeted control programs that are more effective and stand-specific.