cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A computationally efficient and mechanically compatible multi-phase-field model applied to coherently stressed three-phase solids
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Sourav
name: Schwen, Daniel
name: Moelans, Nele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engineering alloys generally exhibit multi-phase microstructures. For simulating their microstructure evolution during solid-state phase transformation, CALPHAD-guided multi-phase-field models coupled with micro-mechanics have proven to be a reliable simulation tool. Nevertheless, their efficiency and accuracy still depend on the homogenization scheme used to interpolate the elastic properties in the interfacial regions. In this paper, we present a phase-field model for multi-phase and multi-component solids using a partial rank-one homogenization scheme that enforces static and kinematic compatibilities in the interfacial regions. To this end, we first extend the rank-one homogenization scheme to multi-phase systems. Moreover, for computational efficiency, we analytically solve the static compatibility equations for linear elastic three-phase solids. For quantitative accuracy, a coupling technique is used to extract the prerequisite thermodynamic and kinetic properties from CALPHAD databases. The model is solved numerically in an open source finite-element framework. As numerical applications, the microstructure of two elastically stressed intermetallic-containing three-phase alloys: Ni-Al and Al-Cr-Ni, are simulated. The accuracy of the model is verified against analytically obtained solutions for planar and concentric ring interfaces. We show that the simulation results remain unaltered with varying interface width. Except for one simulation, all cases show better or nearly equal convergence using the partial rank-one scheme compared to the Voigt-Taylor scheme.
Data on ADME parameters of bisphenol A and its metabolites for use in physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling
Creators: name: Wiśniowska, Barbara
name: Linke, Susanne
name: Polak, Sebastian
name: Bielecka, Zofia
name: Luch, Andreas
name: Pirow, Ralph
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: BPA
subject: Bisphenol A
subject: PBPK
subject: ADME
subject: Modelling
subject: Oral route
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: The paper presents the collection of physicochemical parameters of bisphenol A (BPA) and its sulfate (BPAS) and glucuronide (BPAG) conjugates, accompanied by data characterizing their absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) behavior following oral administration of BPA. The data were collected from open literature sources and publicly available databases. Additionally, data calculated by using the MarvinSketch 18.30.0 software or predicted by relevant QSAR models built in Simcyp® Simulator were also used. All data were analysed and are fit for purpose if necessary to ensure a reliable prediction of pharmacokinetics of BPA and its conjugates. The data selection process and reasoning for fitting is provided to allow critical assessment and to ensure data transparency. Finally, the sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the influence of the selected parameters on the PBPK model predictions.
Additional file 1: of Comprehensive genetic characteristics of dystrophinopathies in China
Creators: name: Peipei Ma
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Siying Fang
name: Yuru Dong
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Weiwei Hao
name: Shiwen Wu
name: Yuying Zhao
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Clinical and genetic information of patients with small mutations. (PDF 93Â kb)
CONTROL AND BIOMECHANICS IN COARTICULATION: INSIGHTS FROM AN ULTRASOUND STUDY OF STANDARD MANDARIN APICAL VOWELS
Creators: name: Foley, Sean
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: This study investigated the extent to which speaker-induced control and biomechanics play a role in determining the outcome of spatial coarticulation. Employing ultrasound tongue imaging, coarticulatory effects from and induced on adjacent consonants were quantified as measures of coarticulatory resistance and aggressiveness for the two apical vowels of Standard Mandarin in comparison to the three corner vowels. The results show that the two apical vowels are much less resistant to coarticulatory effects than the vowels [i a u], and they often do not induce larger effects on adjacent consonants than these vowels, due to speaker-targeted effects. It was also found that the retroflex apical vowel was consistently more resistant and aggressive than the dental apical vowel, due to biomechanical differences. Together, both of these findings implicate the roles of speaker control and biomechanics in coarticulation and highlight the need for a model of coarticulation to include both of these factors.
The Hubble Space Telescope UV Legacy Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. II. The seven stellar populations of NGC7089 (M2)
Creators: name: Milone, A. P.
name: Marino, A. F.
name: Piotto, G.
name: Bedin, L. R.
name: Anderson, J.
name: Renzini, A.
name: King, I. R.
name: Bellini, A.
name: Brown, T. M.
name: Cassisi, S.
name: D'Antona, F.
name: Jerjen, H.
name: Nardiello, D.
name: Salaris, M.
name: van der Marel, R. P.
name: Vesperini, E.
name: Yong, D.
name: Aparicio, A.
name: Sarajedini, A.
name: Zoccali, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-precision multi-band photometry for the globular cluster (GC) M2. We combine the analysis of the photometric data obtained from the Hubble Space Telescope UV Legacy Survey of Galactic GCs GO-13297, with chemical abundances by Yong et al.(2014), and compare the photometry with models in order to analyze the multiple stellar sequences we identified in the color-magnitude diagram (CMD). We find three main stellar components, composed of metal-poor, metal-intermediate, and metal-rich stars (hereafter referred to as population A, B, and C, respectively). The components A and B include stars with different $s$-process element abundances. They host six sub-populations with different light-element abundances, and exhibit an internal variation in helium up to Delta Y~0.07 dex. In contrast with M22, another cluster characterized by the presence of populations with different metallicities, M2 contains a third stellar component, C, which shows neither evidence for sub-populations nor an internal spread in light-elements. Population C does not exhibit the typical photometric signatures that are associated with abundance variations of light elements produced by hydrogen burning at hot temperatures. We compare M2 with other GCs with intrinsic heavy-element variations and conclude that M2 resembles M22, but it includes an additional stellar component that makes it more similar to the central region of the Sagittarius galaxy, which hosts a GC (M54) and the nucleus of the Sagittarius galaxy itself.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
“I Can’t Breathe:” The Invisible Slow Violence of Breathing Politics in Minneapolis
Creators: name: O’Leary, Heather
name: Smiles, Deondre
name: Parr, Scott
name: El-Sayed, Marwa M. H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Following the death of George Floyd in Minneapolis, his utterance, “I can’t breathe,” reverberated internationally as the world population grappled with the twin specters of life-threatening COVID-19 respiratory morbidities and mounting years under increasingly polarized racist regimes. Despite crisis fatigue, national and international outpourings of solidarity trended on social and mainstream media. However, in this moment, the legacy of structural and slow violences against the living, breathing Minneapolis–St. Paul communities of color were obscured. This article addresses transdisciplinary breathing politics in this mid-sized American city to integrate atmospheric indicators (concentrations of criteria pollutants including particulate matter and gaseous pollutants), traffic indicators (Minnesota Department of Transportation permanent traffic monitoring station data), and social indicators (community responses in newspaper and Twitter archives), ultimately making visible how Floyd’s utterance reflects much deeper patterns of stratified urban public health risks and socio-environmental airscape politics.Bullet Points of FindingsBreathing politics are racialized in Minneapolis, demonstrating stark differences in traffic and air quality across neighborhoods.Through content analysis, it is shown that social media platforms like Twitter can be rich historical records for tracking local public discourse, providing valuable insight to the ways people talk about and conceive topics like environmental justice, breathing politics, and urban equity.While hashtag activism on social media flourished in 2020 to address anti-Black racism, it was neither a “tipping point” nor did it show a discernible impact on the nature of environmental justice discourse about breathing politics, despite the steep rise of #ICantBreathe.Integrating social, economic, and environmental indicators has the overarching benefit of addressing complex, lived systems. Breathing politics are racialized in Minneapolis, demonstrating stark differences in traffic and air quality across neighborhoods. Through content analysis, it is shown that social media platforms like Twitter can be rich historical records for tracking local public discourse, providing valuable insight to the ways people talk about and conceive topics like environmental justice, breathing politics, and urban equity. While hashtag activism on social media flourished in 2020 to address anti-Black racism, it was neither a “tipping point” nor did it show a discernible impact on the nature of environmental justice discourse about breathing politics, despite the steep rise of #ICantBreathe. Integrating social, economic, and environmental indicators has the overarching benefit of addressing complex, lived systems.
Deep Learning for Magnetoencephalography
Creators: name: Chard, Tim
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Deep learning has been used in a wide range of applications, but it has only very recently been applied to Magnetoencephalography which is used to understand a variety of cognitive processes; for instance it can be used to understand how we process language or identify cognitive decline such as dementia. Work published in 2019 showed that it was possible to apply deep learning to categorise induced responses to stimuli across subjects. While trailblazing in its application of deep learning, it used relatively simple neural network (NN) models compared to other domains such as image and natural language processing. In these other domains, there is a long history in developing complex NN models that combine spatial and temporal information in a range of ways. This thesis proposes more complex NN models that focus on modeling temporal relationships in the data, and applies them to the challenges of MEG data such as vulnerability to noise. In addition, it explores other insights from image processing to this domain, such as the unexpectedly high importance of approaches to data normalization. It applies these techniques to an extended range of MEG-based tasks, and finds that our new NN models outperform existing work on temporally-oriented tasks.
Dynamic Viscosity of Methane and Carbon Dioxide Hydrate Systems from Pure Water at High-Pressure Driving Forces
Creators: name: Guerra, André
name: McElligott, Adam
name: Du, Chong-Yang
name: Marić, Milan
name: Rey, Alejandro D.
name: Servio, Phillip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The viscosity of methane and carbon dioxide hydrate systems were measured using a high-pressure rheometer up to 30 MPag. Where hydrate formation was not detected, the effect of temperature on the viscosity was one order of magnitude higher than the pressure effect on viscosity in most of the experimental pressure range (-0.048 mPa s/C at 1 MPag and 0.009 mPa s/MPag at 2C). The pressure effect on the viscosity of carbon dioxide systems where no hydrate formation was observed was up to one order of magnitude higher than that of the methane systems, due to carbon dioxide's higher solubility in water. Novel rheological phases diagrams were developed to further characterize the gas hydrate systems. Several systems with high driving forces for hydrate formation (2.07 MPag to 4.1 MPag) did not form gas hydrates. System limitations to the formation of hydrates were categorized as kinetic, mass diffusion, and/or heat of crystallization effects.
Additional file 3: of Antarctic yeasts: analysis of their freeze-thaw tolerance and production of antifreeze proteins, fatty acids and ergosterol
Creators: name: Villarreal, Pablo
name: Carrasco, Mario
name: Barahona, Salvador
name: Alcaíno, Jennifer
name: Cifuentes, Víctor
name: Baeza, Marcelo
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S3. Biplot of the two principal components derived from the biomolecular data. SFA, saturated fatty acids; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; AP, antifreeze property; Erg, ergosterol. At each point, the tolerance to FTCs is indicated. In each case, the percentages were calculated considering the highest value as 100%. (JPG 761 kb)
Long-Range Free Fermions: Lieb-Robinson Bound, Clustering Properties, and Topological Phases
Creators: name: Gong, Zongping
name: Guaita, Tommaso
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Long-range interactions
subject: Mathematical physics
subject: Topological phases of matter
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We consider free fermions living on lattices in arbitrary dimensions, where hopping amplitudes follow a power-law decay with respect to the distance. We focus on the regime where this power is larger than the spatial dimension (i.e., where the single particle energies are guaranteed to be bounded) for which we provide a comprehensive series of fundamental constraints on their equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties. First, we derive a Lieb-Robinson bound which is optimal in the spatial tail. This bound then implies a clustering property with essentially the same power law for the Green’s function, whenever its variable lies outside the energy spectrum. The widely believed (but yet unproven in this regime) clustering property for the ground-state correlation function follows as a corollary among other implications. Finally, we discuss the impact of these results on topological phases in long-range free-fermion systems: they justify the equivalence between Hamiltonian and state-based definitions and the extension of the short-range phase classification to systems with decay power larger than the spatial dimension. Additionally, we argue that all the short-range topological phases are unified whenever this power is allowed to be smaller.
Early thermalization, hydrodynamics and energy loss in AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Chesler, Paul M.
name: van der Schee, Wilke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gauge/gravity duality has provided unprecedented opportunities to study dynamics in certain strongly coupled gauge theories. This review aims to highlight several applications to heavy ion collisions including far-from-equilibrium dynamics, hydrodynamics and jet energy loss at strong coupling.
description: Review to appear in QGP5, 31 pages, 11 figures
Protocol for an Observational Study on Effects of Contact, Collision, and Non-Contact Sports Participation on Cognitive and Emotional Health
Creators: name: Jin, Hannah A.
name: Bekerman, William
name: Small, Dylan S.
name: Rabinowitz, Amanda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: protocol
observational study

description: Background: Evidence suggests that sports participation improves wellbeing of youth. However, collision sports like football have become controversial due to evidence suggesting that football participation prior to the age of 12 may lead to worse cognitive and neuropsychiatric outcomes later in life. As few studies have examined how the intensity of collision and contact sports participation before age 12 relate to cognitive and emotional outcomes, we propose an observational study using the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) dataset to determine how intensity of contact sports, collision sports, and non-contact sports participation during childhood relate to cognitive and emotional outcomes in early adolescence. Methods: Our proposed study includes 9974 youths from the ABCD dataset. For each child, we calculated a collision sport participation volume, contact sport participation volume, and non-contact sport participation volume. Our two primary outcomes are measured when the youths are aged 8.9-11.1 years old: the NIH Toolbox Cognition total composite score and the Parent Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) total emotional problems score. We will fit a linear mixed effects model with our primary outcomes as the dependent variable and with contact sports volume, collision sports volume, non-contact sports volume, and demographic covariates as fixed effects and with random intercepts for family and site ID. The study will also involve secondary analyses of current sports participation exposures, specific sport exposures, and incident of traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a possible mediator. Discussion: This observational study will contribute to understanding how the volume of contact, collision, and non-contact youth sports participation relate to cognitive and emotional outcomes during a crucial developmental time window. This study will contribute to public health knowledge which will help stakeholders weigh benefits and risks of participation in different types of youth sports.
Antimicrobial effect of a drinking water additive comprising four organic acids on Campylobacter load in broilers and monitoring of bacterial susceptibility
Creators: name: Szott, Vanessa
name: Peh, Elisa
name: Friese, Anika
name: Roesler, Uwe
name: Kehrenberg, Corinna
name: Ploetz, Madeleine
name: Kittler, Sophie
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: mitigation
subject: colonization
subject: resistance
subject: adaptation
subject: in vivo
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Application of organic acids via feed or drinking water is under discussion as a possible intervention strategy to reduce Campylobacter (C.) load in primary poultry production. A previous in vitro study showed that reduced concentrations of sorbic acid, benzoic acid, propionic acid, and acetic acid were required for antibacterial activity against Campylobacter when using a mixture of these 4 acids compared to when using the single acids. The present study aimed at determining the antibacterial efficiency of this combination in vivo as a drinking water additive for reducing shedding and intestinal C. jejuni colonization in broilers. Furthermore, we assessed whether the inoculated C. jejuni strain BfR-CA-14430 adapted in vivo to the applied organic acids. Results of this study showed that adding the organic acids consistently reduced Campylobacter loads in cloacal swabs. While significant reductions were observed within the entire study period, a maximum 2 log reduction occurred at an age of 18 d. However, after dissection at the end of the trial, no significant differences were detected in Campylobacter loads of cecal and colon contents compared to the control group. Susceptibility testing of re-isolates from cloacal swabs and cecal content revealed equal minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values compared to the inoculated test strain, suggesting that C. jejuni remained susceptible throughout the trial.
Additional file 8 of Meningioma animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Andersen, Mikkel Schou
name: Kofoed, Mikkel Seremet
name: Paludan-Müller, Asger Sand
name: Pedersen, Christian Bonde
name: Mathiesen, Tiit
name: Mawrin, Christian
name: Wirenfeldt, Martin
name: Kristensen, Bjarne Winther
name: Olsen, Birgitte Brinkmann
name: Halle, Bo
name: Poulsen, Frantz Rom
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 8: CRIME-Q: Predetermined list of information.
Poor Air Quality during Wildfires Related to Support for Public Safety Power Shutoffs
Creators: name: Zanocco, Chad
name: Stelmach, Greg
name: Giordono, Leanne
name: Flora, June
name: Boudet, Hilary
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Millions of Americans experienced impacts from the 2020 wildfire season, including unhealthy air quality from smoke. We examine how exposure to poor air quality during wildfires relates to public opinion toward Public Safety Power Shutoffs (PSPSs). PSPSs have been increasingly deployed in the Western U.S. during extreme wildfire conditions to reduce ignition risk from power equipment by de-energizing sections of the electrical grid, potentially leaving impacted areas without electricity for multiple days. We surveyed Oregon residents (n = 1,308), a state where few PSPSs have been deployed, and found that a majority of respondents supported PSPSs, and that poorer air quality during wildfires, recorded from monitoring stations proximal to respondents, was related to increased support for PSPSs. We also found that females and those with liberal political orientations were more supportive of PSPSs. This research has implications for utilities, emergency managers, and policymakers as they consider deployment of PSPSs to mitigate wildfire.
Entropy-Bounded Discontinuous Galerkin Scheme for Euler Equations
Creators: name: Lv, Yu
name: Ihme, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An entropy-bounded Discontinuous Galerkin (EBDG) scheme is proposed in which the solution is regularized by constraining the entropy. The resulting scheme is able to stabilize the solution in the vicinity of discontinuities and retains the optimal accuracy for smooth solutions. The properties of the limiting operator according to the entropy-minimum principle are proofed analytically, and an optimal CFL-criterion is derived. We provide a rigorous description for locally imposing entropy constraints to capture multiple discontinuities. Significant advantages of the EBDG-scheme are the general applicability to arbitrary high-order elements and its simple implementation for two- and three-dimensional configurations. Numerical tests confirm the properties of the scheme, and particular focus is attributed to the robustness in treating discontinuities on arbitrary meshes.
Additional file 2: of Stress begets stress: the association of adverse childhood experiences with psychological distress in the presence of adult life stress
Creators: name: Mercy Manyema
name: Norris, Shane
name: Richter, Linda
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Number of participants reporting each of the GHQ subscales stratified by their experience of at least one ACE. The graphs present in each quadrant the participants who reported each of the four GHQ subscales, those who experienced no ACEs on the left of each quadrant and those who experienced at least one ACE on the right. (PDF 177 kb)
Large eddy simulations of turbulent compressible supersonic jet flows using discontinous Galerkin methods
Creators: name: Abreu, D. F.
name: Junqueira-Junior, C.
name: Dauricio, E. T. V.
name: Azevedo, J. L. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, a discontinuous Galerkin scheme is employed to perform LES simulations of supersonic jet flows. A total of four simulations are performed with different meshes and order of accuracy. The number of degrees of freedom from the simulations varies from 50 x 106 to 400 x 106. The results indicate that by increasing the resolution of simulation, in general, the results got closer to experimental data. The jet lipline is the only region in which this behavior is not observed. It investigated a procedure of using lower-order simulations to initialize high-order simulations and consequently reduce the total time of the simulation using high-order schemes. This strategy is successful and allows to perform high-order simulations with only 5% more computational effort than a complete second-order simulation.
description: ECCOMAS 2022. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2301.01582
Cross-Correlation of Near and Far-Infrared Background Anisotropies as Traced by Spitzer and Herschel
Creators: name: Thacker, Cameron
name: Gong, Yan
name: Cooray, Asantha
name: De Bernardis, Francesco
name: Smidt, Joseph
name: Mitchell-Wynne, Ketron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the cross-correlation between the far-infrared background fluctuations as measured with the Herschel Space Observatory at 250, 350, and 500 μm and the near-infrared background fluctuations with Spitzer Space Telescope at 3.6 μm. The cross-correlation between far and near-IR background anisotropies are detected such that the correlation coefficient at a few to ten arcminute angular scales decreases from 0.3 to 0.1 when the far-IR wavelength increases from 250 μm to 500 μm. We model the cross-correlation using a halo model with three components: (a) far-IR bright or dusty star-forming galaxies below the masking depth in Herschel maps, (b) near-IR faint galaxies below the masking depth at 3.6 μm, and (c) intra-halo light, or diffuse stars in dark matter halos, that likely dominates fluctuations at 3.6 μm. The model is able to reasonably reproduce the auto correlations at each of the far-IR wavelengths and at 3.6 μm and their corresponding cross-correlations. While the far and near-IR auto-correlations are dominated by faint dusty, star-forming galaxies and intra-halo light, respectively, we find that roughly half of the cross-correlation between near and far-IR backgrounds is due to the same galaxies that remain unmasked at 3.6 μm. The remaining signal in the cross-correlation is due to intra-halo light present in the same dark matter halos as those hosting the same faint and unmasked galaxies. In this model, the decrease in the cross-correlation signal from 250 μm to 500 μm comes from the fact that the galaxies that are primarily contributing to 500 μm fluctuations peak at a higher redshift than those at 250 μm.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, ApJ Submitted
Additional file 13 of Meningioma animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Andersen, Mikkel Schou
name: Kofoed, Mikkel Seremet
name: Paludan-Müller, Asger Sand
name: Pedersen, Christian Bonde
name: Mathiesen, Tiit
name: Mawrin, Christian
name: Wirenfeldt, Martin
name: Kristensen, Bjarne Winther
name: Olsen, Birgitte Brinkmann
name: Halle, Bo
name: Poulsen, Frantz Rom
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 13: Meta- and subgroup analyses.
Systematic Evaluation of Pharmacokinetic Models for Model-Informed Precision Dosing of Meropenem in Critically Ill Patients Undergoing Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
Creators: name: Schatz, Lea Marie
name: Brinkmann, Alexander
name: Röhr, Anka
name: Frey, Otto
name: Greppmair, Sebastian
name: Weinelt, Ferdinand
name: Zoller, Michael
name: Scharf, Christina
name: Hempel, Georg
name: Liebchen, Uwe
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systematic Evaluation
subject: Model-Informed Precision Dosing
subject: Meropenem
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: The altered pharmacokinetics of renally cleared drugs such as meropenem in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) might impact target attainment. Model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) is applied to individualize meropenem dosing. However, most population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) models developed to date have not yet been evaluated for MIPD. Eight PopPK models based on adult CRRT patients were identified in a systematic literature research and encoded in NONMEM 7.4. A data set of 73 CRRT patients from two different study centers was used to evaluate the predictive performance of the models using simulation and prediction-based diagnostics for i) a priori dosing based on patient characteristics only and ii) Bayesian dosing by including the first measured trough concentration. Median prediction error (MPE) for accuracy within |20%| (95% confidence intervals including zero) and median absolute prediction error (MAPE) for precision ≤ 30% were considered clinically acceptable. For a priori dosing, most models (n = 5) showed accuracy and precision MPE within |20%| and MAPE <35%. The integration of the first measured meropenem concentration improved the predictive performance of all models (median MAPE decreased from 35.4 to 25.0%; median MPE decreased from 21.8 to 4.6%). The best predictive performance for intermittent infusion was observed for the O’Jeanson model, including residual diuresis as covariate (a priori and Bayesian dosing MPE within |2%|, MAPE <30%). Our study revealed the O′Jeanson model as the best-predicting model for intermittent infusion. However, most of the selected PopPK models are suitable for MIPD in CRRT patients when one therapeutic drug monitoring sample is available.
Exploring the stellar populations of backsplash galaxies
Creators: name: Ferreras, Ignacio
name: Böhm, Asmus
name: Umetsu, Keiichi
name: Sampaio, Vitor
name: de Carvalho, Reinaldo R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Backsplash galaxies are those that traverse and overshoot cluster cores as they fall into these structures. They are affected by environment, and should stand out in contrast to the infalling population. We target galaxies in the vicinity of clusters (R>R200) and select a sample in projected phase space (PPS), from the compilation of Sampaio et al. based on SDSS data. We present a statistical analysis, comparing two regions in PPS, with the same projected distance to the cluster but different velocity. The analysis relies on the presence of variations in the stellar population content of backsplash galaxies. We find a lower limit in the fractional contribution of ~5% with respect to the general sample of infalling galaxies at similar group-centric distance when using single line strength analysis, or ~15-30% when adopting bivariate distributions. The stellar populations show a subtle but significant difference towards older ages, and a higher fraction of quiescent galaxies. We also compare this set with a general field sample, where a substantially larger difference in galaxy properties is found, with the field sample being consistently younger, metal poorer and with a lower fraction of quiescent galaxies. Noting that our "cluster" sample is located outside of the virial radius, we expect this difference to be caused by pre-processing of the infalling galaxies in the overall higher density regions.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The extended ROSAT-ESO Flux-Limited X-ray Galaxy Cluster Survey (REFLEX II) VI. Effect of massive neutrinos on the cosmological constraints from clusters
Creators: name: Boehringer, Hans
name: Chon, Gayoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clusters of galaxies are important probes for the large-scale structure that allow us to test cosmological models. With the REFLEX II galaxy cluster survey we previously derived tight constraints on the cosmological parameters for the matter density, Omega_m, and the amplitude parameter of the matter density fluctuations, sigma_8. Whereas in these previous studies no effect of massive neutrinos was taken into account, we explore these effects in the present publication. We derive cosmological constraints for the sum of the neutrino masses of the conventional three neutrino families in the range 0 to 0.6 eV. The influence on the constraints of Omega_m and sigma_8 for the expected mass range is weak. Interesting constraints on the neutrino properties can be derived by comparing the cluster data with those from the Planck cosmic microwave background observations. The current tension between the Planck results and clusters can formally be resolved with neutrino masses of about M_nu = 0.45 (+- 0.28, 1-sigma) eV. While we caution not to consider this a firm measurement because it might also be the result of unresolved systematics, it is interesting that other measurements of the local large-scale structure fluctuation amplitude, like that of cosmic lensing shear, yield similar results and additionally confirm the effect of massive neutrinos. Among the indicators for massive neutrinos, galaxy clusters and in particular our large and well-controlled cluster survey currently provide the best potential for constraints of the total neutrino mass.
description: Accepted for publication as Letter in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 5 pages, 3 figures
MOESM2 of Trends of Plasmodium falciparum prevalence in two communities of Muheza district North-eastern Tanzania: correlation between parasite prevalence, malaria interventions and rainfall in the context of re-emergence of malaria after two decades of progressively declining transmission
Creators: name: Deus Ishengoma
name: Mmbando, Bruno
name: Celine Mandara
name: Mercy Chiduo
name: Filbert Francis
name: Timiza, Wilbert
name: Msemo, Hellen
name: Kijazi, Agnes
name: Lemnge, Martha
name: Mwelecele Malecela
name: Snow, Robert
name: Alifrangis, Michael
name: Bygbjerg, Ib
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Overall and age specific prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum detected by microscopy in the two villages of Magoda (1992â  2017) and Mpapayu (1998 to 2017) in Muheza district north-eastern Tanzania.
White dwarf -- red giant star binaries as Type Ia supernova progenitors: with and without magnetic confinement
Creators: name: Ablimit, Iminhaji
name: Podsiadlowski, Philipp
name: Di Stefano, Rosanne
name: Rappaport, Saul A.
name: Wicker, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various white-dwarf (WD) binary scenarios have been proposed trying to understand the nature and the diversity of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). In this work, we study the evolution of carbon-oxygen WD -- red giant (RG) binaries (including the role of magnetic confinement) as possible SN Ia progenitors (the so-called symbiotic progenitor channel). Using the \textsc{mesa} stellar evolution code, we calculate the time dependence of the structure of the RG star, the wind mass loss, the Roche-lobe-overflow (RLOF) mass-transfer rate, the polar mass-accretion rate (in the case of magnetic confinement), and the orbital and angular-momentum evolution. We consider cases where the WD is non-magnetic and cases where the magnetic field is strong enough to force accretion onto the two small polar caps of the WD. Confined accretion onto a small area allows for more efficient hydrogen burning, potentially suppressing nova outbursts. This makes it easier for the WD to grow in mass towards the Chandrasekhar mass limit and explode as a SN Ia. With magnetic confinement, the initial parameter space of the symbiotic channel for SNe Ia is shifted towards shorter orbital periods and lower donor masses compared to the case without magnetic confinement. Searches for low-mass He WDs or relatively low-mass giants with partially stripped envelopes that survived the supernova explosion and are found in SN remnants will provide crucial insights for our understanding of the contribution of this symbiotic channel.
description: Published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters (published 2022 December 22)
Development of Comorbid Depression after Social Fear Conditioning in Mice and Its Effects on Brain Sphingolipid Metabolism
Creators: name: Zoicas, Iulia
name: Mühle, Christiane
name: Schumacher, Fabian
name: Kleuser, Burkhard
name: Kornhuber, Johannes
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: social anxiety
subject: anxiety-like behavior
subject: depressive-like behavior
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Currently, there are no animal models for studying both specific social fear and social fear with comorbidities. Here, we investigated whether social fear conditioning (SFC), an animal model with face, predictive and construct validity for social anxiety disorder (SAD), leads to the development of comorbidities at a later stage over the course of the disease and how this affects the brain sphingolipid metabolism. SFC altered both the emotional behavior and the brain sphingolipid metabolism in a time-point-dependent manner. While social fear was not accompanied by changes in non-social anxiety-like and depressive-like behavior for at least two to three weeks, a comorbid depressive-like behavior developed five weeks after SFC. These different pathologies were accompanied by different alterations in the brain sphingolipid metabolism. Specific social fear was accompanied by increased activity of ceramidases in the ventral hippocampus and ventral mesencephalon and by small changes in sphingolipid levels in the dorsal hippocampus. Social fear with comorbid depression, however, altered the activity of sphingomyelinases and ceramidases as well as the sphingolipid levels and sphingolipid ratios in most of the investigated brain regions. This suggests that changes in the brain sphingolipid metabolism might be related to the short- and long-term pathophysiology of SAD.
Additional file 1 of Developmental prediction modeling based on diffusion tensor imaging uncovering age-dependent heterogeneity in early childhood autistic brain
Creators: name: Huang, Xinyue
name: Ming, Yating
name: Zhao, Weixing
name: Feng, Rui
name: Zhou, Yuanyue
name: Wu, Lijie
name: Wang, Jia
name: Xiao, Jinming
name: Li, Lei
name: Shan, Xiaolong
name: Cao, Jing
name: Kang, Xiaodong
name: Chen, Huafu
name: Duan, Xujun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Methods.
The temperature dependency of Wolf-Rayet-type mass loss: An exploratory study for winds launched by the hot iron bump
Creators: name: Sander, A. A. C.
name: Lefever, R. R.
name: Poniatowski, L. G.
name: Ramachandran, V.
name: Sabhahit, G. N.
name: Vink, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CONTEXT: The mass loss of He-burning stars, which are partially or completely stripped of their outer hydrogen envelope, is a catalyst of the cosmic matter cycle and decisive ingredient of massive star evolution. Yet, its theoretical fundament is only starting to emerge with major dependencies still to be uncovered. AIMS: A temperature or radius dependence is usually not included in descriptions for the mass loss of classical Wolf-Rayet (cWR) stars, despite being crucial for other hot star wind domains. We thus aim to determine whether such a dependency will also be necessary for a comprehensive description of mass loss in the cWR regime. METHODS: Sequences of dynamically consistent atmosphere models were calculated with the hydrodynamic branch of the PoWR code along the temperature domain, using different choices for luminosity, mass, and surface abundances. For the first time, we allowed nonmonotonic velocity fields when solving the equation of motion. The resulting velocity structures were then interpolated for the comoving-frame radiative transfer, ensuring that the main wind characteristics were preserved. RESULTS: We find a strong dependence of the mass-loss rate with the temperature of the critical/sonic point which mainly reflects the different radii and resulting gravitational accelerations. Moreover, we obtain a relation between the observed effective temperature and the transformed mass-loss rate which seems to be largely independent of the underlying stellar parameters. The relation shifts for different clumping factors in the outer wind. Below a characteristic value of -4.5, the slope of this relation changes and the winds become transparent for He II ionizing photons. CONCLUSIONS: The mass loss of cWR stars is a high-dimensional problem but also shows inherent scalings which can be used to obtain an approximation of the observed effective temperature. (...)
description: 16 pages + 5 page appendix, 17+9 figures, 3+2 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
Magnetocrystalline anisotropic effect in GdCo$_{1-x}$Fe$_x$AsO ($x = 0, 0.05$)
Creators: name: Shang, T.
name: Chen, Y. H.
name: Ronning, F.
name: Cornell, N.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Zakhidov, A.
name: Salamon, M. B.
name: Yuan, H. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From a systematic study of the electrical resistivity $ρ(T,H)$, magnetic susceptibility $χ(T,H)$, isothermal magnetization $M(H)$ and the specific heat $C(T,H)$, a temperature-magnetic field ($T$-$H$) phase diagram has been established for GdCo$_{1-x}$Fe$_x$AsO ($x = 0$ and $0.05$) polycrystalline compounds. GdCoAsO undergoes two long-range magnetic transitions: ferromagnetic (FM) transition of Co $3d$ electrons ($T_\textup{C}^\textup{Co}$) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition of Gd $4f$ electrons ($T_\textup{N}^\textup{Gd}$). For the Fe-doped sample ($x=0.05$), an extra magnetic reorientation transition takes place below $T_\textup{N}^\textup{Gd}$, which is likely associated with Co moments. The two magnetic species of Gd and Co are coupled antiferromagnetically to give rise to ferrimagnetic (FIM) behavior in the magnetic susceptibility. Upon decreasing the temperature ($T < T_\textup{C}^\textup{Co}$), the magnetocrystalline anisotropy breaks up the FM order of Co by aligning the moments with the local easy axes of the various grains, leading to a spin reorientation transition at $T_\textup{R}^\textup{Co}$. By applying a magnetic field, $T_\textup{R}^\textup{Co}$ monotonically decreases to lower temperatures, while the $T_\textup{N}^\textup{Gd}$ is relatively robust against the external field. On the other hand, the applied magnetic field pulls the magnetization of grains from the local easy direction to the field direction via a first-order reorientation transition, with the transition field ($H_\textup{M}$) increasing upon cooling the temperature.
description: accepted by physical Review B 6 figures and 7 pages
Discovery of ZZ Cetis in detached white dwarf plus main-sequence binaries
Creators: name: Pyrzas, S.
name: Gaensicke, B. T.
name: Hermes, J. J.
name: Copperwheat, C. M.
name: Rebassa-Mansergas, A.
name: Dhillon, V. S.
name: Littlefair, S. P.
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Parsons, S. G.
name: Savoury, C. D. J.
name: Schreiber, M. R.
name: Barros, S. C. C.
name: Bento, J.
name: Breedt, E.
name: Kerry, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results of a dedicated search for pulsating white dwarfs (WDs) in detached white dwarf plus main-sequence binaries. Candidate systems were selected from a catalogue of WD+MS binaries, based on the surface gravities and effective temperatures of the WDs. We observed a total of 26 systems using ULTRACAM mounted on ESO's 3.5m New Technology Telescope (NTT) at La Silla. Our photometric observations reveal pulsations in seven WDs of our sample, including the first pulsating white dwarf with a main-sequence companion in a post common envelope binary, SDSSJ1136+0409. Asteroseismology of these new pulsating systems will provide crucial insight into how binary interactions, particularly the common envelope phase, affect the internal structure and evolution of WDs. In addition, our observations have revealed the partially eclipsing nature of one of our targets, SDSSJ1223-0056.
description: 8 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS