Gomphocerus (Bolivarianus) hemipterus Karabag 1953
Creators: name: Mol, Abbas
name: Şirin, Deniz
name: Taylan, Mehmet Sait
name: Sevgili, Hasan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Acrididae
Gomphocerus
Gomphocerus hemipterus

description: Gomphocerus (Bolivarianus) hemipterus Karabağ, 1953 stat. n.
Gomphocerus sibiricus hemipterus Karabağ, 1953 in Karabağ 1953: 186–188, Figs 37–42 (Type-male, Giresun provice and Samsun province, Central Institute for Plant Protection, Ankara, Turkey, not studied)
Gomphocerus sibiricus hemipterus Karabağ, 1953:186–188; Gomphocerus sibiricus hemipterus Karabağ, 1958: 146; Gomphocerus sibiricus hemipterus Karabağ: Weidner: 1969: 206; Gomphocerus sibiricus hemipterus Karabağ: Demirsoy 1977: 225; Gomphocerus sibiricus hemipterus Karabağ: Çıplak et al. 1999: 766; Gomphocerus sibiricus hemipterus Karabağ: Mol & Zeybekoğlu 2013: 89.
Diagnosis. There are differences G. (Bolivarianus) hemipterus Karabağ and Gomphocerus (Bolivarianus) acutus Karabağ as follows.
The ratio of the length of tegmina to width of the tegmina 2.12–2.35 in male (in G. acutus 2.64–3.33), The ratio of the maximum width of costal field to precostal field 0.78–0.93 in female (in G. acutus 1.0–1.25), alae extend to the 2nd abdominal tergum in the female (in G. acutus extends end of the 2nd abdominal tergum to middle of the 4th abdominal terguım) (Uvarov 1931; Harz 1975; Willemse 1985; Mol 2002).
Redescription. Head and Pronotum (Fig. 7): Vertex acute angular and smooth fastigium, with median carina and raised in both sexes. Vertical diameter of the eye/minimum width of vertex 1.13–1.56 in male, 1.12–1.33 in female, vertical diameter of eye/subocular groove 1.40–1.52 (1.70) in male, 1.25–1.5 in female. Antennae filiform with apical club, shorter than head plus pronotum in female; its longest medial segment 1.95–3 times as long as wide in male, 1.55–1.77 (2.0) in female; the ratio of the length to width of the sixth segment from the head on the antennae clavatus (Fig. 7) is 2.11–3.69 in males and 1.0– 1.80 in females. Pronotum widened, its frontal margin indistinctly convex hind margin angular or obtuse angular; median carina distinct and entire. (Typical transversal sulcus (third sulcus) straight or indistinctly curved), located behind middle of the median carina, cut behind the middle of the median carina, length of the in front of the transversal sulcus/length of the behind the transversal sulcus 2.12–2.33 in male, 1.51–2.03 in female. The maximum/minimum width between lateral carinae 2.25–3.42 (4) in male, 2.21–2.78 in female. Front tibia pear-shaped in male (Fig. 9), its length 1.75–2.3 times of its maximum width. Hind femur long, its length 3.8–4.56 times of its maximum in male 3.88–4.25 (5.5) in female. Mesosternal interspace wide, (1.2) 1.50–2.16 times wider than long in male, 1.79–2.10 in female.
Thorax: Tegmina (Fig. 8) reaching from 7th abdominal tergum to cerci basally in male and from middle of the 3 th abdominal tergum to middle of the 4th abdominal tergum in female; apical portion of the tegmen (from the end of the first radial to the apex) not exist (no apical narrowness); tegmen 2.12–2.35 times as long as maximum width in male, 2.05–2.2.72 in female. The length Pc-field/ the length of tegmen 0.72–0.84 in male, 0.75–0.97 in female; the greatest width of costal field/ the greatest width of precostal field 1.0– 1.54 in male, 0.78–0.93 in female; the greatest width of costal field/ the greatest width of subcostal field 3–3.4 in male 5.5–6.0; subcostal and radial vein sinuate S-shape and nearly reaching to apex; the greatest width of medial field/ the greatest width of Cubital-1 field 1.8–3.4 in male, 1.88–2.75 in female; median field come near to apex in both sexes, Cu-2 distinct in both sexes. Tympanal opening semicircle shaped, its medial height nearly 1.66–2.4 times in male, 1.92–2.14 times female of its medial width. The length of alae half of the length of tegmen in both sexes, it reaching 3th–4th abdominal terga in male, 2th abdominal tergum in female.
Abadomen (Fig. 10): Cerci in male 1.65–2 and in female 1.33–2.17 times as long as wide; reach the apex of anal tergum in male and shorter in female; middle of anal tergum like a channel; ephiphallus two lobes, anterior projection of ephiphallus spicular, cingular valves of penis longer than apical valves.
Distribution in Palaearctic. Endemic for Turkey (Mol and Zeybekoğlu 2013).
Previous records from Turkey. Giresun: Giresun-Şebinkarahisar road, Eğribel pass, 2300 m., 7.viii.2004, 3 males, 8 females (Mol and Zeybekoğlu 2013)
Material examined. Ordu: between Yeşilce-Çambaşı plateau (Canik Mountains), N 40.622778, E 37.965000, 1841 m. 4.vii.2013, 5 males, 6 females, (leg. A. Mol and D. Şirin) (deposited in ASUBTAM).
Remarks. This species has not been assessed for the IUCN Red List (2022-2). The distribution of the G. hemipterus is restricted and its habitats are strongly under the threat of the anthropogenic effects such as winter sports activities (several ski resorts), camping areas, picnic areas, mining, and overgrazing. The species should be considered as a Endangered (B1ab (i, iii)) status on the basis of the extent of occurrence criteria of IUCN (https:// www.iucnredlist.org/).
description: Published as part of Mol, Abbas, Şirin, Deniz, Taylan, Mehmet Sait & Sevgili, Hasan, 2023, A review of the Anatolian Gomphocerus Thunberg, 1815 (Orthoptera: Acrididae Gomphocerinae) via morphological and bioacoustics characters: data suggesting a new species, a new subgenus and three new statuses, pp. 401-429 in Zootaxa 5353 (5) on pages 421-422, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5353.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10010058