cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(1402) James Grayson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Economic Contribution of Agriculture and Food to Arkansas' Gross Domestic Product 1997-2020
Creators: name: English, Leah
name: Popp, Jennie
name: Miller, Wayne
name: English, Leah
name: Popp, Jennie
name: Miller, Wayne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: economic contribution
subject: GDP

description: Agricultural production, processing, and retail industries are major contributors to Arkansas’ GDP. Agriculture contributes to the state economy through direct agricultural production, value-added processing, and agricultural retail activities. The Agriculture and Food Sector, which is comprised of agricultural production, processing, and retail industries, promotes economic strength through various interactions with other industries. The use of non-agricultural goods and services as inputs into the agricultural sector promotes diversified growth in Arkansas’ economy and thus plays a vital role in maintaining economic stability throughout the state. This report 1) compares the relative size of the Agriculture and Food Sector in Arkansas with those of neighboring states; 2) provides an overview of Arkansas’ economy and discusses Arkansas’ agricultural sector in relation to the state economy; and 3) examines components of agricultural production and processing, including a review of historical sales trends for raw and processed agricultural output.
Applications of a novel Semi Active Piezoelectric Tuned Mass Damper for Vibrations Mitigation in Aircraft Structures
Creators: name: Konstantinos Georgopoulos Bosinas, Konstantinos
name: Chrysochoidis, Nikolaos A.
name: Rekatsinas, Christoforos S.
name: Saravanos, Dimitris A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Mass Damper
Active Vibration Cancellation

description: Applications of a novel Semi-Active Piezoelectric Tuned Mass Damper for Vibrations Mitigation in Aircraft Structures
(1403) Mary Ellen Grayson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
State space emergence: a new formalism
Creators: name: H. Pazuki, Roozbeh
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: This thesis focuses on redefining the notion of emergence to a mathematically tractable concept: emergence in state spaces. In doing that, we will study the probabilistic measures of state spaces with emergence, how to control their volume growth and the differences between them and typical state spaces. This study will introduce two stylistic models, intuitively simple and practically helpful. To provide statistical tools for modelling randomness with similar emerging properties, we will introduce different probability distributions from the first principle and derive their preliminary properties. At the same time, we will see that these results are expressible in closed form, by which we can analytically study the emergence in states. Also, for practical reasons, statistical inference will be revisited for distributions’ parameter estimation. Next, we briefly study systems with emerging properties in state spaces by using information-theoretic measures. Alongside that and inspired by the ideas from this discussion, we will propose a pairing time series that combines certainty and uncertainty. In addition, we prove that the Shannon entropy and the rate entropy are well-defined in various circumstances for infinite pairing time series. And finally, we show that standard statistical mechanics methods fail to yield thermodynamical quantities for some simplistic models with emerging states. We will propose a mathematical tool rooted in the geometry of emergence states spaces from the first part of the thesis to resolve this problem.
Near horizon hidden symmetry and entropy of Sultana-Dyer black hole: A time dependent case
Creators: name: Majhi, Bibhas Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-extremal stationary black holes do have "{\it hidden}" conformal symmetry in which case the generators form $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ group. Here, I explicitly show that the Sultana-Dyer black hole solution also possesses the similar near horizon conformal symmetry. This is the first example of time dependent case which also exhibits such feature. Moreover, using the corresponding generators I find the expression of the horizon entropy in the context of Virasoro algebra and Cardy formula. The result matches with the earlier findings. The present analysis is important since in reality the metric is not stationary and hence one must look into these realistic situations to obtain more information about our universe. I expect that the analysis will illuminate certain features of the time dependent situations.
description: Comments added, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Economic Contribution of the Agricultural Sector to the Arkansas Economy in 2019
Creators: name: English, Leah
name: Popp, Jennie
name: Miller, Wayne
name: English, Leah
name: Popp, Jennie
name: Miller, Wayne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Production Economics

description: Agriculture and associated agricultural activities are major contributors to the Arkansas economy. Agriculture is defined as the sum of agricultural production and processing activities, unless otherwise specified, and includes crop and animal production and processing, agricultural support industries, forestry and forest products, and textile goods. Agriculture contributes to the economy through direct agricultural production and value-added processing, leading to economic activity in other parts of the economy. This report is the fourteenth in a series that examines agriculture’s economic contribution to the Arkansas economy. The total economic contribution of agriculture (direct, indirect, and induced effects) on value added, employment, and labor income was estimated with the Impact Analysis for Planning System (IMPLAN) for the most recent year available, 2019.
Efflux of dopamine from the synaptic cleft in the nucleus accumbens of the rat brain
Creators: name: Pastore, Paolo
name: Wightman, R. Mark
name: Garris, Paul A.
name: Ciolkowski, Edward L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Synaptic release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens of the intact rat brain elicited by a single electrical impulse applied to ascending dopaminergic fibers results in extracellular concentrations sufficient to bind the known dopamine receptors. The dopamine concentration observed after four rapid, sequential pulses is exactly four times greater and is unaffected by pharmacological antagonism of dopamine uptake and receptor sites at supramaximal concentrations. Thus, dopamine efflux from the synaptic cleft is not restricted by binding to intrasynaptic proteins on the time scale of the measurements (50-100 msec). The extracellular concentration, as a result of a single stimulus pulse, is 0.25 microM and is rapidly removed by extrasynaptic uptake. This maximal, transient concentration of dopamine is 60 times higher than steady-state concentrations reported previously using dialysis techniques, illustrating that dopamine extracellular concentrations are spatially and temporally heterogenous. In contrast to ACh transmission at the neuromuscular junction, the dopamine synapse in the telencephalon is designed for the effective efflux of dopamine from the synaptic cleft to the extrasynaptic compartment during neurotransmission.
(1399) William Henry Grayson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
NFRF EDI & Team Section - Additional Instructions
Creators: Salim, Saad
Pawlina, Iwona
Young-Leslie, Heather
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2019

Tips sheet created by the Grant Assist Program Directors to clarify equity, diversity and inclusion, and gender-based analyses as they pertain to the requirements of the New Frontiers Research Fund competitions. Written specifically for the first NFRF-Exploration competition, the principles apply for all of the NFRF competitions. Co-PIs are advised to also review the "Equity, Diversity, Inclusion (EDI) in Research Grant Applications" document here: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/items/d3196edc-434b-458c-9342-3fc0194def5f and the resources in the DORA https://sfdora.org/ and the Canadian Dimensions charter https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/InterAgency-Interorganismes/EDI-EDI/Dimensions_Dimensions_eng.asp.
Effect of phantom dark energy on the holographic thermalization
Creators: name: Zeng, Xiao-Xiong
name: Hu, Xin-Yun
name: Li, Li-Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational collapse of a shell of charged dust surrounded by the phantom dark energy is probed by the minimal area surface, which is dual to probe the thermalization in the boundary quantum field by expectation values of Wilson loop in the framework of the AdS/CFT correspondence. We investigated mainly the effect of the phantom dark energy parameter and chemical potential on the thermalization. The result shows that the smaller the phantom dark energy parameter is, the easier the plasma thermalizes as the chemical potential is fixed, and the larger the chemical potential is, the harder the plasma thermalizes as the dark energy parameter is fixed. We get the fitting function of the thermalization curve and with it, the thermalization velocity and thermalization acceleration are discussed.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1412.3878, arXiv:1405.5745 by other authors
New Perspectives on Contemporary Chinese Poetry
Creators: Christopher Lupke, Editor
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2008

This book brings together fresh research from experts on contemporary Chinese poetry, built upon one of the most glorious poetic traditions of any civilization in the world yet historically neglected by scholars in English. This comprehensive volume covers both mainland China and Taiwan, offering readable and provocative treatments of many of the most important Chinese poets of our age.

Reviews:

"The first step in understanding contemporary Chinese poetry, argues Michelle Yeh in her wide-ranging chapter in Lupke s excellent collection, is to renounce whatever a priori notion of Chineseness we might hold and read the actual poetry, whether from Taiwan and Hong Kong or from Mainland China, here translated. Now that the U.S. and China are increasingly in contact, it is high time for Western readers to come to terms with the lyric of such notable poets as Ya Xian, Luo Fu, and Xia Yu (from Taiwan), Gu Cheng, Yu Jian, and Wang Xiaoni from the PRC. The essays here included are scholarly and critically sophisticated: they open up genuinely new spaces." - Marjorie Perloff, Stanford University

"This collection will certainly prove to be a highly valuable scholarly resource for anyone interested in the explosion of creative freedom and variety in Chinese and Taiwanese poetry of recent decades. Beyond that, it eloquently addresses the eternal struggle between the forces of creative openness and those of authoritarianism and repressive orthodoxy. Vital information for us all in these, or any, times." - Michael Palmer, Poet

"This is a very welcome addition to the scholarship on contemporary Chinese literature, art and society. Not only does it bring new critical attention to Chinese poetry of the late 20th century, but it does so in such a way as to challenge the hegemonic position of narrative (or anti-narrative) in contemporary literary production. Grounded in a series of close readings, arguments range from detailed philology to deep theoretical thrusts that contend for another type of knowledge, consciousness, and memory that is unavailable to dominant genres of fiction and film. These authors show us an "alternative mode" of knowing and remembering, a literature as contemporary as film and as Chinese as classical poetry." - Joseph R. Allen, University of Minnesota
Supplementary Material from Social flocculation in plant–animal worms
Creators: name: Worley, Alan
name: Sendova-Franks, Ana B.
name: Franks, Nigel R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Individual animals can often move more safely or more efficiently as members of a group. This can be as simple as safety in numbers or as sophisticated as aerodynamic or hydrodynamic cooperation. Here, we show that individual plant–animal worms (Symsagittifera roscoffensis) can move to safety more quickly through flocculation. Flocs form in response to turbulence that might otherwise carry these beach-dwelling worms out to sea. They also allow the worms to descend much more quickly to the safety of the substrate than single worms could swim. Descent speed increases with floc size such that larger flocs can catch up with smaller ones and engulf them to become even larger and faster. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of social flocculation in a wild, multicellular organism. It is also remarkable that such effective flocculation occurs where the components are comparatively large multicellular organisms organized as entangled ensembles.
(1400) Sarah Jane Grayson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Entanglement structures in qubit systems
Creators: name: Rangamani, Mukund
name: Rota, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using measures of entanglement such as negativity and tangles we provide a detailed analysis of entanglement structures in pure states of non-interacting qubits. The motivation for this exercise primarily comes from holographic considerations, where entanglement is inextricably linked with the emergence of geometry. We use the qubit systems as toy models to probe the internal structure, and introduce some useful measures involving entanglement negativity to quantify general features of entanglement. In particular, our analysis focuses on various constraints on the pattern of entanglement which are known to be satisfied by holographic sates, such as the saturation of Araki-Lieb inequality (in certain circumstances), and the monogamy of mutual information. We argue that even systems as simple as few non-interacting qubits can be useful laboratories to explore how the emergence of the bulk geometry may be related to quantum information principles.
description: 55 pages, 23 figures. v2: typos fixed. v3: minor clarifications. published version
Fate of myelin lipids during degeneration and regeneration of peripheral nerve: an autoradiographic study
Creators: name: Goines, Nelson
name: Earnhardt, Todd
name: Bouldin, Thomas W.
name: Goodrum, Jeffry F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Four weeks after labeling myelin lipids with an intraneural injection of 3H-acetate, sciatic nerves were crushed, and the distribution of radiolabeled myelin lipids was followed by autoradiography from 1 d to 10 weeks later. Just prior to crush, silver grains were localized to the myelin sheath. Three days after crush, axons were degenerating and myelin sheaths were breaking down; silver grains appeared over lipid droplets within Schwann cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages. One week after crush the basal-lamina-delimited Schwann-cell tubes (Bungner bands) contained myelin debris, and some tubes already contained regenerating axons. Schwann cells were often displaced to the periphery of the tubes by phagocytes containing heavily labeled myelin debris; extratubal macrophages within the endoneurium contained labeled lipid droplets but no myelin debris. Two weeks after nerve crush silver grains were associated with newly formed myelin around regenerating axons. Many extratubal endoneurial macrophages now contained labeled myelin debris and lipid droplets. By 3 weeks myelination of regenerating axons was advanced, and the myelin sheaths were well labeled. Extratubal macrophages had become the major labeled structure within the nerve because they contained large amounts of labeled myelin debris and lipid droplets. From 4 to 10 weeks after nerve crush the new myelin sheaths continued to thicken and to be well labeled. Debris- laden extratubal macrophages remained the major site of labeled material within the endoneurium. Our results confirm that there is reutilization of myelin cholesterol by Schwann cells to form new myelin, and indicate that some lipid catabolism takes place in Schwann cells and endoneurial fibroblasts prior to infiltration of the nerve by macrophages. However, most of the myelin debris is phagocytized by macrophages within 1–2 weeks following nerve injury. These debris-laden macrophages persist within the nerve for many weeks, indicating that much of the salvaged cholesterol is not reutilized for myelin regeneration.
Estimating the impact and economic trade-offs of infectious disease control strategies using metapopulation models
Creators: name: Olivera Mesa, Daniela
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Infectious diseases remain the main cause of death in low-income countries. Because of this, efforts to control the circulation of infectious agents are a priority for public policy makers. This control is challenged by a combination of complex disease dynamics, funding constraints or lack of political and societal commitment. These challenges are generally heterogeneous between geographical settings making the impact of control strategies hard to assess. In view of this, the purpose of this research is to integrate economic and epidemiological tools in order to improve support for disease control planning and implementation. To do this, I develop a metapopulation model framework to analyse the impact of control strategies when there are neighbouring populations with different epidemiological conditions. The results from this framework can be incorporated into further economic analysis and optimisations. The first section of this project aims to understand interventions’ effects when transmission intensity varies between populations. As a first approach, I implement the framework to analyse indirect effects of interventions for a transmission-stratified population, using generic models. Then, to contextualise the findings from the generic model, I analyse optimal intervention allocation for malaria control. Results from this section evidenced the importance of aligning local and global control strategies. The second section of this project focuses on understanding the consequences of disease control when intervention uptake varies between populations. For this, the metapopulation framework is applied to estimate the burden populations undergo due to the presence of an anti-vaccination movement. First, I analyse the burden of an outbreak of a vaccine preventable disease in a population where there are opposing vaccine acceptance views, implementing a measles transmission. Finally, I use the same approach to estimate the likely impact of vaccine hesitancy on the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results of this section highlight the importance of addressing vaccine hesitancy as a public health priority
(1401) Charles Thomas Grayson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Novel chemical probes for the identification of physiological intracellular ADP-ribosylation targets of PARPs
Creators: name: Draganov, Simeon Dimitrov
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) are important for regulating protein function. One such modification, known as ADP-ribosylation, has been shown to be involved in the regulation of various biological processes, and to play a crucial role in the development of pathological conditions and diseased phenotypes, such as cancer. However, the lack of appropriate tools for identifying the protein targets this PTM is found on, in a cellular context and in vivo, limits the identification of novel, biologically relevant therapeutic targets. This thesis focuses on the development, synthesis and biological validation of novel chemical probes for the identification of intracellular physiological ADP-ribosylation targets. Specifically, cell-permeable clickable NAD+ precursor probes were designed and synthesised. Their utilisation in the cellular NAD+ biosynthesis pathway, for intracellular metabolic conversion into the corresponding NAD+ analogues, was investigated through a combination of metabolomics and proteomics methods in several cell lines. Metabolomics analysis revealed that the precursor probes 6Yn-Ad (25) and 6Yn-Pro (47) were successfully converted intracellularly into the corresponding 6Yn-NAD+ (3) analogue in multiple cell lines. Subsequent analysis by proteomics demonstrated the utilisation of 6Yn-Pro (47) for labelling and enrichment of ADP-ribosylated proteins through its metabolic conversion into 6Yn-NAD+ (3), which resulted in the identification of automodified PARP1 and of multiple known ADP-ribosylated proteins in HEK293T cells. This work therefore provides novel chemical probes for identification of intracellular ADP-ribosylation targets. Ultimately, their use will provide fundamental insights into the role of ADP-ribosylation in biological processes and its contribution to the development of diseased states.
Glutamate in thalamic fibers terminating in layer IV of primary sensory cortex
Creators: name: Kharazia, Viktor N.
name: Weinberg, Richard J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Biochemical and pharmacological experiments support glutamate (Glu) as a thalamocortical transmitter, but do not distinguish direct from indirect effects (via excitation of glutamergic corticocortical fibers); anatomical studies to date have yielded variable results. We identified thalamocortical terminals in layer IV of primary somatic sensory, auditory, and visual cortex by injecting WGA-HRP in the corresponding thalamic sensory relay nuclei of rats. Terminals from each thalamic nucleus were similar, containing abundant mitochondria and loosely packed clear vesicles; they made asymmetric synaptic contacts mainly with dendritic spines. After tracer injections into nearby regions of cortex, most terminals also made asymmetric contacts mainly onto spines, but these corticocortical terminals were smaller, containing sparse mitochondria and densely packed clear vesicles. GABAergic terminals (identified by postembedding immunogold staining) made symmetric synapses mainly onto dendritic shafts; those terminating near thalamocortical terminals were also large and contained abundant mitochondria. To determine whether Glu is enriched in thalamocortical terminals, we performed postembedding double-labeling immunocytochemistry for Glu and GABA, using different gold particle sizes. The density of particles coding for Glu was significantly enriched over identified thalamocortical terminals, in comparison to nearby dendrites, astrocytes, and GABAergic terminals, and this enrichment was similar for all three sensory areas. The degree of enrichment in thalamocortical terminals, but not in GABAergic terminals, was linearly related to vesicle density. We conclude that Glu is likely to be a neurotransmitter for thalamocortical relay neurons.
Grassy Narrows and Muskrat Falls Dam: The Central Limit Theorem and a t-test
Creators: name: Miller, Paul
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: Students are introduced to concepts of sampling distributions and hypothesis testing using a simulation applet, elementary hypothesis tests, t-tests, and p-values as they compare a given fish population for methylmercury levels (using real and hypothetical data) against real-world mercury standards.
Perspectives on the viscoelasticity and flow behavior of entangled linear and branched polymers
Creators: name: Snijkers, F.
name: Pasquino, R.
name: Olmsted, P. D.
name: Vlassopoulos, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review the recent advances in the rheology of entangled polymers and identify emerging research trends and outstanding challenges, especially with respect to branched polymers. Emphasis is placed on the role of well-characterized model systems, as well as the synergy of synthesis-characterization, rheometry and modeling/simulations. The theoretical framework for understanding the observed linear and nonlinear rheological phenomena is the tube model which is critically assessed in view of its successes and shortcomings, whereas alternative approaches are briefly discussed. Finally, intriguing experimental findings and controversial issues that merit consistent explanation, such as shear banding instabilities, multiple stress overshoots in transient simple shear and enhanced steady-state elongational viscosity in polymer solutions, are discussed, whereas future directions such as branch point dynamics and anisotropic monomeric friction are outlined.
description: 25 pages, accepted for publication in Journal of Physics Condensed Matter (August 2015)
Suppression of sodium channel function in differentiating C2 muscle cells stably overexpressing rat androgen receptors
Creators: name: Fanger, Gary R.
name: Maue, Robert A.
name: Henderson, Leslie P.
name: Tabb, Joel S.
name: Wilson, Elizabeth M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Differentiation of skeletal muscle and the formation of the neuromuscular junction are regulated by steroid hormones. The effects of androgens on ion channel proteins central to neuromuscular signalling have been investigated in differentiating mouse muscle C2 cells and in C2 cells that stably overexpress the rat androgen receptor (AR) cDNA. Neither the expression nor function of ACh receptors was regulated by androgenic actions in these cells. However, voltage- dependent sodium (Na) current density was decreased by androgen treatment of C2 cells and was abolished, even in the absence of androgens, in C2 cells that overexpress the AR. The decrease in functional Na current was not accompanied by concomitant decreases in Na channel mRNA, suggesting that AR influence posttranscriptional processing of Na channels in differentiating C2 cells.
(1397) Isabella Ann Grayson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Bio-inspired design, manufacturing, and mechanics of polymer scaffolds for cultured meat
Creators: name: Avegnon, Kossi Loic Mawunyegan
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 401401
subject: Additive manufacturing
classificationCode: 401409
subject: Manufacturing safety and quality
classificationCode: 401408
subject: Manufacturing processes and technologies (excl. textiles)
classificationCode: 401609
subject: Polymers and plastics
classificationCode: 401707
subject: Solid mechanics

description: The goal of this work is to enhance acceptance of cultured meat by replicating traditional meat behavior. This research focuses on the design, manufacture, and mechanics of scaffolds, which provide essential structural support for cell alignment and tissue formation in cultured meat. The integration of biopolymer scaffolds in the final product necessitates a thorough understanding of the thermo-mechanical behavior of scaffolding materials during critical stages like culturing and cooking. Two primary studies were conducted using additive manufacturing processes: (1) vat polymerization and (2) fused filament fabrication. A novel sustainable photocurable soy-based resin was evaluated for high-temperature degradation. The key challenge was ensuring printability and understanding the curing kinetics of the soy resin. For fused filament fabrication, the approach employed an innovative manufacturing-for-design paradigm aimed at mimicking the contraction properties of meat during cooking. The geometry, material properties, and printing process gave rise to a class of novel metamaterials with tunable negative thermal expansions. The key results showed that the thermo-mechanical behavior of soy-based scaffolds could be assessed without the need for costly and time-consuming culturing, as heat did not compromise structural integrity. Furthermore, cooking semi-crystalline biopolymers in an aqueous environment led to material crystallization, which altered the expected deformation mechanisms in the scaffolds. This unexpected behavior was captured in an analytical model accounting for non-linear material properties and print process parameters. By understanding the impact of manufacturing techniques on scaffold behavior, this work established a critical process-property-performance relationship for cultured meat production.
Multi-class gene expression biomarker panel identification for the diagnosis of paediatric febrile illness
Creators: name: Habgood-Coote, Dominic
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Febrile illness in children can result from infections by diverse viral or bacterial pathogens as well as inﬂammatory conditions or cancer. The limitations of the existing diagnostic pipeline, which relies on clinical symptoms and signs, pathogen detection, empirical treatment and diagnoses of exclusion, contribute to missed or de- layed diagnosis and unnecessary antibiotic use. The potential of host gene expression biomarkers measured in blood has been demonstrated for simpliﬁed binary diagnostic questions however, the clinical reality is that multiple potential aetiologies must be considered and prioritised on the basis of likelihood and risks of severe disease. In order to identify a biomarker panel which better reﬂects this clinical reality, we applied a multi-class supervised learning approach to whole blood transcriptomic datasets from children with infectious and inﬂammatory disease. Three datasets were used for the analyses presented here, a single microarray dataset, a meta-analysis of 12 publicly available microarray datasets and a newly generated RNA-sequencing dataset. These were used for preliminary investigations of the approach, discovery of a multi-class biomarker panel of febrile illness and valida- tion of the biomarker panel respectively. In the merged microarray discovery dataset a two-stage approach to feature selection and classiﬁcation, based on LASSO and Ridge penalised regression was applied to distinguish 18 disease classes. Cost-sensitivity was incorporated in the approach as aetiologies of febrile illness vary considerably in the risk of severe disease. The resulting 161 transcript biomarker panel could reliably distinguish bacterial, viral, inﬂammatory, tuberculosis and malarial disease as well as pathogen speciﬁc aetiologies. The panel was then validated in a newly generated RNA-Seq dataset and compared to previously published binary biomarker panels. The analyses presented here demonstrate that a single test for the diagnosis of acute febrile illness in children is possible using host RNA biomarkers. A test which could distinguish multiple aetiologies soon after presentation could be used to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use, improve targetting of antibiotics to bacterial species and reduce delays in the diagnosis of inﬂammatory diseases.
Appendix 1 - Character List from Species richness and disparity of parareptiles across the end-Permian mass extinction.
Creators: name: MacDougall, Mark J.
name: Brocklehurst, Neil
name: Fröbisch, Jörg
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The amniote clade Parareptilia is notable in that members of the clade exhibited a wide array of morphologies, were successful in a variety of ecological niches and survived the end-Permian mass extinction. In order to better understand how mass extinction events can affect clades that survive them, we investigate both the species richness and morphological diversity (disparity) of parareptiles over the course of their history. Furthermore, we examine our observations in the context of other metazoan clades, in order to identify post-extinction survivorship patterns that are present in the clade. The results of our study indicate that there was an early increase in parareptilian disparity, which then fluctuated over the course of the Permian, before it eventually declined sharply towards the end of the Permian and into the Triassic, corresponding with the end-Permian mass extinction event. Interestingly, this is a different trend to what is observed regarding parareptile richness, that shows an almost continuous increase until its overall peak at the end of the Late Permian. Moreover, richness did not experience the same sharp drop at the end of the Permian, reaching a plateau until the Anisian, before dropping sharply and remaining low, with the clade going extinct at the end of the Triassic. This observed pattern is likely to be due to the fact that, despite the extinction of several morphologically distinct parareptile clades, the procolophonoids, one of the largest parareptilian clades, were diversifying across the Permian–Triassic boundary. With the clade's low levels of disparity and eventually declining species richness, this pattern most resembles a ‘dead clade walking’ pattern.
ATP modulation of synaptic transmission in the spinal substantia gelatinosa
Creators: name: Li, Jing
name: Perl, Edward R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Actions of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) on neurons of the substantia gelatinosa (SG) were evaluated in spinal cord slices using tight-seal, whole-cell recordings. Bath-applied ATP activated a fast inward current and potentiated both glutamate-induced and synaptically evoked currents by acting through a purinergic receptor with the pharmacology of the P2 type. ATP also induced a delayed slow outward current and depressed synaptic currents that appeared to result from hydrolysis of ATP to adenosine. The inhibitory actions had features suggesting mediation by a P1-like purinergic receptor. Suramin, a putative P2 antagonist, inhibited ATP-induced fast inward currents but did not suppress synaptic currents evoked by dorsal root stimulation. It was concluded that in the SG, ATP released in synaptic regions acts as a synaptic modulator by augmenting excitatory amino acid actions and possibly by also producing a secondary adenosine inhibition.
High-throughput in-situ characterization and modelling of precipitation kinetics in compositionally graded alloys
Creators: name: De Geuser, F.
name: Styles, M. J.
name: Deschamps, A.
name: Hutchinson, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of new engineering alloy chemistries is a time consuming and iterative process. A necessary step is characterization of the nano/microstructure to provide a link between the processing and properties of each alloy chemistry considered. One approach to accelerate the identification of optimal chemistries is to use samples containing a gradient in composition, ie. combinatorial samples, and to investigate many different chemistries at the same time. However, for engineering alloys, the final properties depend not only on chemistry but also on the path of microstructure development which necessitates characterization of microstructure evolution for each chemistry. In this contribution we demonstrate an approach that allows for the in-situ, nanoscale characterization of the precipitate structures in alloys, as a function of aging time, in combinatorial samples containing a composition gradient. The approach uses small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) at a synchrotron beamline. The Cu-Co system is used for the proof-of-concept and the combinatorial samples prepared contain a gradient in Co from 0% to 2%. These samples are aged at temperatures between 450{\textdegree}C and 550{\textdegree}C and the precipitate structures (precipitate size, volume fraction and number density) all along the composition gradient are simultaneously monitored as a function of time. This large dataset is used to test the applicability and robustness of a conventional class model for precipitation that considers concurrent nucleation, growth and coarsening and the ability of the model to describe such a large dataset.
description: Published in Acta Materialia
Really Natural Linear Indexed Type Checking
Creators: name: de Amorim, Arthur Azevedo
name: Arias, Emilio Jesús Gallego
name: Gaboardi, Marco
name: Hsu, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent works have shown the power of linear indexed type systems for enforcing complex program properties. These systems combine linear types with a language of type-level indices, allowing more fine-grained analyses. Such systems have been fruitfully applied in diverse domains, including implicit complexity and differential privacy. A natural way to enhance the expressiveness of this approach is by allowing the indices to depend on runtime information, in the spirit of dependent types. This approach is used in DFuzz, a language for differential privacy. The DFuzz type system relies on an index language supporting real and natural number arithmetic over constants and variables. Moreover, DFuzz uses a subtyping mechanism to make types more flexible. By themselves, linearity, dependency, and subtyping each require delicate handling when performing type checking or type inference; their combination increases this challenge substantially, as the features can interact in non-trivial ways. In this paper, we study the type-checking problem for DFuzz. We show how we can reduce type checking for (a simple extension of) DFuzz to constraint solving over a first-order theory of naturals and real numbers which, although undecidable, can often be handled in practice by standard numeric solvers.
Arkansas Specialty Crop Industry: Economic Contribution and Characteristics
Creators: name: English, Leah
name: Popp, Jennie
name: Miller, Wayne
name: Rainey, Ronald
name: Richardson, Mike
name: Robbins, Jim
name: English, Leah
name: Popp, Jennie
name: Miller, Wayne
name: Rainey, Ronald
name: Richardson, Mike
name: Robbins, Jim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Production Economics

description: This report presents the findings of a study of the Arkansas specialty crop industry and its contribution to the Arkansas economy. This was accomplished using two methods: 1) development and distribution of specialty crop industry questionnaires and; 2) economic contribution analysis using IMPLAN input-output modeling software and data.
Basal forebrain cholinergic lesions disrupt increments but not decrements in conditioned stimulus processing
Creators: name: Bucci, David J.
name: Holland, Peter C.
name: Gallagher, Michela
name: Chiba, Andrea A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Magnocellular neurons in the basal forebrain provide the major cholinergic innervation of cortex. Recent research suggests that this cholinergic system plays an important role in the regulation of attentional processes. The present study examined the ability of rats with selective immunotoxic lesions of these neurons (made with 192 IgG- saporin) to modulate attention within an associative learning framework. Each rat was exposed to conditioned stimuli (CS) that were either consistent or inconsistent predictors of subsequent cues. Intact control rats showed increased CS associability when that cue was an inconsistent predictor of a subsequent cue, whereas lesioned rats were impaired in increasing attention to the CS when its established relation to another cue was modified. In a separate experiment designed to test latent inhibition, it was shown that removal of the corticopetal cholinergic neurons spared a decrement in associability that occurs when rats are extensively preexposed to a CS prior to conditioning. These data indicate that the cholinergic innervation of cortex is critical for incrementing, but not for decrementing attentional processing. The specific behavioral tests used to assess the role of the basal forebrain cholinergic system in the present study were previously used to identify a role for the amygdala central nucleus in attention (Holland and Gallagher, 1993b). Those studies, together with the results in this report, indicate that regulation of attentional processes during associative learning may be mediated by projections from the amygdala to the basal forebrain cholinergic system.
RI-VIS D4.2 Communication Strategy
Creators: name: Vincenz-Donnelly, Lisa
name: Pieruschka, Roland
name: Haley, Natalie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Communication strategy
Research infrastructure
Guide
SWOT
Communication plan
Stakeholder analysis

description: With this deliverable, we want to provide a guide that helps research infrastructure managers to develop a communication strategy for their own research infrastructure. We provide recommendations for both developing and implementing a communication strategy for research infrastructures. We outline step-by-step how to draft a strategy document providing explanations on the different contents it should include such as communication aims, stakeholder analyses and the key aspects to consider when developing a targeted communication plan.
(1396) John Grayson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.