cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Self-Consistent Fluctuation Theory for Strongly Correlated Electron Systems
Creators: name: Kusunose, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A self-consistent theory for two-particle fluctuations with renormalized irreducible vertices is proposed. Using the Parquet formalism, we construct the fully antisymmetric full vertex in terms of the two-particle fluctuations in the charge, the spin and the particle-particle channels on an equal footing to satisfy the Pauli principle. The fluctuations are determined self-consistently, which are reflected into the one-particle self-energy via the Schwinger-Dyson equation. We demonstrate the application of the present theory to the impurity Anderson model and the Hubbard model on a square lattice mainly for the particle-hole symmetric case. In both models the vertex renormalization in the spin channel eliminates magnetic instabilities of mean-field theory to ensure the Mermin-Wagner theorem. The present theory gives the same critical exponents of the self-consistent renormalization theory in the quantum critical region.
description: 13 pages, 22 figures
Islet amyloid polypeptide aggregation is a local trigger for pancreatic islet inflammation
Creators: name: Westwell-Roper, Clara Yolande
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Patients with type 2 diabetes experience an inevitable deterioration of glycemic control leading to long-term complications and dependence on exogenous insulin. Amyloid deposition, macrophage infiltration, and upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines are common pathological features of both type 2 diabetic and transplanted islets. Islet amyloid is comprised primarily of aggregates of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), a peptide that is co-secreted with insulin by beta cells. IAPP fibrils share a common cross-β-sheet structure with other amyloids of mammalian and microbial origin that activate innate immune cells via interaction with pattern recognition receptors. We therefore hypothesized that IAPP aggregation acts as a local trigger for islet inflammation. We found that human IAPP, but not non-amyloidogenic rodent IAPP, induced a potent pro-inflammatory response in islets and macrophages that was amplified by autocrine/paracrine induction of interleukin-1 (IL-1). Pre-fibrillar IAPP activated the membrane-associated pattern recognition receptor Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) to induce expression of proIL-1β. Secretion of mature IL-1β required fibrillar IAPP and was attenuated by inhibitors of caspase-1 and the cytosolic NLRP3 inflammasome. Pancreatic islets from transgenic mice with beta cell expression of human IAPP expressed higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines than islets from wild-type littermates. Transgenic expression of human IAPP also altered the activation state of resident islet macrophages, the primary cell type responsible for IAPP-induced upregulation of IL-1β. Clodronate liposome-mediated macrophage depletion improved islet function in human IAPP transgenic mice. Moreover, administration of IL-1 receptor antagonist improved human IAPP-induced glucose intolerance in mouse models of islet transplantation and type 2 diabetes. Inhibition of a local IAPP-induced pro-inflammatory response mediated by islet macrophages may therefore help to explain the islet-specific effects of anti-IL-1 therapies in patients with type 2 diabetes. Collectively, these data suggest a novel – and potentially reversible – mechanism by which IAPP aggregation contributes to beta cell dysfunction and implicate the resident islet macrophage as a critical mediator of chronic islet inflammation in the setting of amyloid formation. Strategies to block TLR2 or NLRP3 activation, inhibit IL-1 signalling, or alter macrophage polarization may improve IAPP-induced islet dysfunction in type 2 diabetes and islet transplantation.
title: Entwicklung der VLSP-Empfehlungen zur Psychotherapie und Beratung mit lesbischen, schwulen und bisexuellen Klient_innen
Creators: name: Kramer, Jochen
Publisher: name: VLSP
Year: 2015
Subjects: Homosexualität
Bisexualität
Behandlungsempfehlungen
gay affirmative therapy

description: Zur psychotherapeutischen Behandlung und psychologischen Beratung von Lesben, Schwulen und Bisexuellen (LSB) liegen national und international mehrere Kataloge mit Behandlungsempfehlungen vor (American Psychological Association, 2000, 2012; Clark, 1987; Fiedler, 2004). Die jüngsten wurden in den letzten Jahren vom Verband von Lesben und Schwulen in der Psychologie (VLSP) e. V. entwickelt (Wolf, Fünfgeld, Oehler & Andrae, 2015a). In diesem Beitrag wird zunächst dargelegt, weshalb für LSB spezische Behandlungsempfehlungen erforderlich sind und warum eine Neuentwicklung als notwendig angesehen wurde. Dazu werden auch die verschiedenen bereits existierenden Empfehlungen vorgestellt. Zudem wird der Entwicklungsprozess der VLSP-Empfehlungen dokumentiert und weiterer Entwicklungsbedarf aufgezeigt.
AX J1749.1-2733 and AX J1749.2-2725 - the close pair of X-ray pulsars behind the Galactic Center: an optical identification
Creators: name: Karasev, D.
name: Lutovinov, A.
name: Burenin, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two faint X-ray pulsars, AX J1749.2-2725 and AX J1749.1-2733, located in the direction to the Galactic Center, were studied in detail using data of INTEGRAL, XMM-Newton and Chandra observatories in X-rays, the SOFI/NTT instrument in infrared and the RTT150 telescope in optics. X-ray positions of both sources were determined with the uncertainty better than ~1 arcsec, that allowed us to identify their infrared counterparts. From the subsequent analysis of infrared and optical data we conclude that counterparts of both pulsars are likely massive stars of B0-B3 classes located behind the Galactic Center at distances of 12-20 kpc, depending on the type, probably in further parts of galactic spiral arms. In addition, we investigated the extinction law towards the galactic bulge and found that it is significantly different from standard one.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, will be published in MNRAS
Interstellar CN and CH+ in Diffuse Molecular Clouds: 12C/13C Ratios and CN Excitation
Creators: name: Ritchey, A. M.
name: Federman, S. R.
name: Lambert, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present very high signal-to-noise ratio absorption-line observations of CN and CH+ along 13 lines of sight through diffuse molecular clouds. The data are examined to extract precise isotopologic ratios of 12CN/13CN and 12CH+/13CH+ in order to assess predictions of diffuse cloud chemistry. Our results on 12CH+/13CH+ confirm that this ratio does not deviate from the ambient 12C/13C ratio in local interstellar clouds, as expected if the formation of CH+ involves nonthermal processes. We find that 12CN/13CN, however, can be significantly fractionated away from the ambient value. The dispersion in our sample of 12CN/13CN ratios is similar to that found in recent surveys of 12CO/13CO. For sight lines where both ratios have been determined, the 12CN/13CN ratios are generally fractionated in the opposite sense compared to 12CO/13CO. Chemical fractionation in CO results from competition between selective photodissociation and isotopic charge exchange. An inverse relationship between 12CN/13CN and 12CO/13CO follows from the coexistence of CN and CO in diffuse cloud cores. However, an isotopic charge exchange reaction with CN may mitigate the enhancements in 12CN/13CN for lines of sight with low 12CO/13CO ratios. For two sight lines with high values of 12CO/13CO, our results indicate that about 50 percent of the carbon is locked up in CO, which is consistent with the notion that these sight lines probe molecular cloud envelopes where the transition from C+ to CO is expected to occur. An analysis of CN rotational excitation yields a weighted mean value for T_01(12CN) of 2.754 +/- 0.002 K, which implies an excess over the temperature of the cosmic microwave background of only 29 +/- 3 mK. This modest excess eliminates the need for a local excitation mechanism beyond electron and neutral collisions. The rotational excitation temperatures in 13CN show no excess over the temperature of the CMB.
description: 27 pages, 21 figures, emulateapj style, accepted for publication in ApJ
A Bayesian Approach to Comparing Cosmic Ray Energy Spectra
Creators: name: BenZvi, S. Y.
name: Connolly, B. M.
name: Pfendner, C. G.
name: Westerhoff, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A common problem in ultra-high energy cosmic ray physics is the comparison of energy spectra. The question is whether the spectra from two experiments or two regions of the sky agree within their statistical and systematic uncertainties. We develop a method to directly compare energy spectra for ultra-high energy cosmic rays from two different regions of the sky in the same experiment without reliance on agreement with a theoretical model of the energy spectra. The consistency between the two spectra is expressed in terms of a Bayes factor, defined here as the ratio of the likelihood of the two-parent source hypothesis to the likelihood of the one-parent source hypothesis. Unlike other methods, for example chi^2 tests, the Bayes factor allows for the calculation of the posterior odds ratio and correctly accounts for non-Gaussian uncertainties. The latter is particularly important at the highest energies, where the number of events is very small.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
A Parsing Scheme for Finding the Design Pattern and Reducing the Development Cost of Reusable Object Oriented Software
Creators: name: Hasan, K. M. Azharul
name: Hasan, Mohammad Sabbir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Because of the importance of object oriented methodologies, the research in developing new measure for object oriented system development is getting increased focus. The most of the metrics need to find the interactions between the objects and modules for developing necessary metric and an influential software measure that is attracting the software developers, designers and researchers. In this paper a new interactions are defined for object oriented system. Using these interactions, a parser is developed to analyze the existing architecture of the software. Within the design model, it is necessary for design classes to collaborate with one another. However, collaboration should be kept to an acceptable minimum i.e. better designing practice will introduce low coupling. If a design model is highly coupled, the system is difficult to implement, to test and to maintain overtime. In case of enhancing software, we need to introduce or remove module and in that case coupling is the most important factor to be considered because unnecessary coupling may make the system unstable and may cause reduction in the system's performance. So coupling is thought to be a desirable goal in software construction, leading to better values for external software qualities such as maintainability, reusability and so on. To test this hypothesis, a good measure of class coupling is needed. In this paper, based on the developed tool called Design Analyzer we propose a methodology to reuse an existing system with the objective of enhancing an existing Object oriented system keeping the coupling as low as possible.
description: 15 pages
M-theory, the signature theorem, and geometric invariants
Creators: name: Sati, Hisham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The equations of motion and the Bianchi identity of the C-field in M-theory are encoded in terms of the signature operator. We then reformulate the topological part of the action in M-theory using the signature, which leads to connections to the geometry of the underlying manifold, including positive scalar curvature. This results in a variation on the miraculous cancellation formula of Alvarez-Gaumé and Witten in twelve dimensions and leads naturally to the Kreck-Stolz s-invariant in eleven dimensions. Hence M-theory detects diffeomorphism type of eleven-dimensional (and seven-dimensional) manifolds, and in the restriction to parallelizable manifolds classifies topological eleven-spheres. Furthermore, requiring the phase of the partition function to be anomaly-free imposes restrictions on allowed values of the s-invariant. Relating to string theory in ten dimensions amounts to viewing the bounding theory as a disk bundle, for which we study the corresponding phase in this formulation.
description: 17 pages
title: Domestic Politics and Neutrality (Sweden)
title: Domestic Politics and Neutrality (Sweden)
Creators: name: Hedén, Anne
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Schweden
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Sweden

description: This article focuses on how the Swedish neutrality policy during the First World War became a contentious topic''' '''in Swedish domestic politics. The food crisis in 1916–1917, social disquiet in connection with the Finnish Civil War, and the German revolt in 1918 steered Sweden away from benevolent neutrality towards Germany and into a more pragmatic orientation. All of this finally led to universal suffrage in 1918–1919. The article suggests that this transformation was more an issue of bourgeois reorientation than a revolutionary situation halted at the last minute.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Sweltsa colorata Zhiltzova et Levanidova 1978
Creators: name: Zwick, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Chloroperlidae
Sweltsa
Sweltsa colorata

description: Sweltsa colorata Zhiltzova et Levanidova, 1978 Sweltsa colorata Zhiltzova et Levanidova, 1978:20; Holotype ♂: RUSSIAN FAR EAST, Primorje, Kedrovya pad (Museum St. Petersburg). Material examined. REPUBLIC OF KOREA: Chungbuk, Sangchon-Myeon, Dungeon-li near Doma Pass, Alt. 750 m, 2.-26.V. 2006, 2 Malaise traps in forest on small stream, 6♂, many ♀; same locality and date, but altitude 500 m, 2.-26.VI. 2006, Malaise trap in forest on small stream, 12♂, 52 ♀. Notes. Kim et al. (1998) recorded numerous Korean specimens of this widespread species. Teslenko & Zhiltzova (2009) do not accept the synonymy with Sweltsa nikkoensis (Okamoto, 1912) proposed by Kim et al. (1998).
description: Published as part of Zwick, Peter, 2010, New Species And New Records Of Plecoptera From Korea And The Russian Far East, pp. 75-97 in Illiesia 6 (9) on pages 95-96, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4759703
description: {"references": ["Kim, J. S., Y. J. Bae, & L. A. Zhiltzova. 1998. Bibliographic review, systematic status, and biogeographic notes on Korean and Far East Russian stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) with their new Korean records. Korean Journal of Biological Sciences, 2: 419 - 425.", "Teslenko, V. A. & L. A. Zhiltzova. 2009. Keys to the stoneflies (Insecta, Plecoptera) of Russia and adjacent countries. Imagines and larvae. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 382 pp.; in Russian. http: // www. biosoil. ru / files / 00008625. pdf", "Okamoto, H. 1912. Erster Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Japanischen Plecopteren. Transactions of the Sapporo Natural History Society, 4 (1911 - 1912): 105 - 170."]}
An Algorithm to Self-Extract Secondary Keywords and Their Combinations Based on Abstracts Collected using Primary Keywords from Online Digital Libraries
Creators: name: Meghanathan, Natarajan
name: Kostyuk, Nataliya
name: Isokpehi, Raphael
name: Cohly, Hari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The high-level contribution of this paper is the development and implementation of an algorithm to selfextract secondary keywords and their combinations (combo words) based on abstracts collected using standard primary keywords for research areas from reputed online digital libraries like IEEE Explore, PubMed Central and etc. Given a collection of N abstracts, we arbitrarily select M abstracts (M<< N; M/N as low as 0.15) and parse each of the M abstracts, word by word. Upon the first-time appearance of a word, we query the user for classifying the word into an Accept-List or non-Accept-List. The effectiveness of the training approach is evaluated by measuring the percentage of words for which the user is queried for classification when the algorithm parses through the words of each of the M abstracts. We observed that as M grows larger, the percentage of words for which the user is queried for classification reduces drastically. After the list of acceptable words is built by parsing the M abstracts, we now parse all the N abstracts, word by word, and count the frequency of appearance of each of the words in Accept-List in these N abstracts. We also construct a Combo-Accept-List comprising of all possible combinations of the single keywords in Accept-List and parse all the N abstracts, two successive words (combo word) at a time, and count the frequency of appearance of each of the combo words in the Combo-Accept-List in these N abstracts.
description: 9 Pages
Suzaku observations of the HMXB 1A 1118-61
Creators: name: Suchy, Slawomir
name: Pottschmidt, Katja
name: Rothschild, Richard E.
name: Wilms, Joern
name: Fuerst, Felix
name: Barragan, Laura
name: Caballero, Isabel
name: Grinberg, Victoria
name: Kreykenbohm, Ingo
name: Doroshenko, Victor
name: Santangelo, Andrea
name: Staubert, Ruediger
name: Terada, Yukikatsu
name: Iwakari, Wataru
name: Makishima, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present broad band analysis of the Be/X-ray transient 1A 1118-61 by Suzaku at the peak of its 3rd observed outburst in January 2009 and 2 weeks later when the source flux had decayed by an order of magnitude. The continuum was modeled with a \texttt{cutoffpl} model as well as a compTT model, with both cases requiring an additional black body component at lower energies. We confirm the detection of a cyclotron line at ~5 keV and discuss the possibility of a first harmonic at ~110 keV. Pulse profile comparisons show a change in the profile structure at lower energies, an indication for possible changes in the accretion geometry. Phase resolved spectroscopy in the outburst data show a change in the continuum throughout the pulse period. The decrease in the CRSF centroid energy also indicates that the viewing angle on the accretion column is changing throughout the pulse period.
description: accepted by ApJ
Heldur Nestori välipäevik nr 33
Creators: name: Nestor, Heldur
Publisher: name: Tallinna Tehnikaülikooli Geoloogia Instituut
Year: 1998
Subjects: Silurian
Alabama
Tennessee
Missouri
Iowa
Pennsylvania
Ohio
Kentucky
outcrops

description: Field notebook with description Silurian outcrops USA Alabama, Tennessee, Missouri, Iowa, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Kentucky States in october 1998
A novel technique for image steganography based on Block-DCT and Huffman Encoding
Creators: name: Nag, A.
name: Biswas, S.
name: Sarkar, D.
name: Sarkar, P. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image steganography is the art of hiding information into a cover image. This paper presents a novel technique for Image steganography based on Block-DCT, where DCT is used to transform original image (cover image) blocks from spatial domain to frequency domain. Firstly a gray level image of size M x N is divided into no joint 8 x 8 blocks and a two dimensional Discrete Cosine Transform (2-d DCT) is performed on each of the P = MN / 64 blocks. Then Huffman encoding is also performed on the secret messages/images before embedding and each bit of Huffman code of secret message/image is embedded in the frequency domain by altering the least significant bit of each of the DCT coefficients of cover image blocks. The experimental results show that the algorithm has a high capacity and a good invisibility. Moreover PSNR of cover image with stego-image shows the better results in comparison with other existing steganography approaches. Furthermore, satisfactory security is maintained since the secret message/image cannot be extracted without knowing decoding rules and Huffman table.
description: 10 pages
Graded geometry and Poisson reduction
Creators: name: Cattaneo, Alberto S.
name: Zambon, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D17, 58A50

description: We previously extended the Marsden-Ratiu reduction theorem in Poisson geometry by means of graded geometry (see Part I of Arxiv:1009.0948) . In this note we provide the background material about graded geometry necessary for the proof. Further, we provide an alternative algebraic proof.
description: 8 pages
Additional file 2 of WISP1 induces ovarian cancer via the IGF1/αvβ3/Wnt axis
Creators: name: Li, Yan
name: Wang, Fangfang
name: Liu, Tianyi
name: Lv, Nan
name: Yuan, Xiaolei
name: Li, Peiling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Mental Health
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2.
Ferientage und Feriendichte in Deutschland 2016–2023
Creators: name: Schmücker, Dirk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: School holiday

description: Ein „Ferientag“ ist ein schulfreier Tag in einer Folge von mindestens drei schulfreien Tagen. Dieser Datensatz listet für jeden Kalendertag von 2016 bis 2023 und jedes Bundesland auf, ob ein Ferientag vorliegt oder nicht. Außerdem wird für jeden Kalendertag die Ferientagssumme (Anzahl der Bundesländer) und die Feriendichte (Anteil der Bevölkerung mit Ferientag am Wohnort) angegeben. Der Datensatz kann für Modellierungen touristischer Nachfrage (Besucherströme, Übernachtungen) genutzt werden.
description: Co-funded by Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz, nukleare Sicherheit und Verbraucherschutz (DE), FKZ 67KI21005
Entire functions for which the escaping set is a spider's web
Creators: name: Sixsmith, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct several new classes of transcendental entire functions, f, such that both the escaping set, I(f), and the fast escaping set, A(f), have a structure known as a spider's web. We show that some of these classes have a degree of stability under changes in the function. We show that new examples of functions for which I(f) and A(f) are spiders' webs can be constructed by composition, by differentiation, and by integration of existing examples. We use a property of spiders' webs to give new results concerning functions with no unbounded Fatou components.
Galaxy cluster magnetic fields from radio polarized emission
Creators: name: Bonafede, A.
name: Feretti, L.
name: Murgia, M.
name: Govoni, F.
name: Giovannini, G.
name: Vacca, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of magnetic fields in the intra-cluster medium of galaxy clusters is now well estabilished. It is directly revealed by the presence of cluster-wide radio sources: radio halos and radio relics. In the last years increasing attention has been devoted to the intra cluster magnetic field through the study of polarized radio emission of radio galaxies, radio halos and radio relics. Recent radio observations have revealed important features of the intra-cluster magnetic field, allowing us to constrain its main properties and to understand the physical processes taking place in the intra-cluster medium. I will review the newest results on galaxy cluster magnetic fields, both focusing on single objects and aimed at describing the magnetic field general properties. The up-coming generation of radio telescopes, EVLA and LOFAR, will shed light on several problematics regarding the cluster magnetic fields and the related non-thermal emission.
description: 12 pag., 4 Fig. Invited talk at ISKAF2010 Science Meeting "A Golden Age for radio astronomy", June 10 -14 2010. Assen, the Netherlands
Symplectic degenerate flag varieties
Creators: name: Feigin, Evgeny
name: Finkelberg, Michael
name: Littelmann, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $\SF^a_λ$ be the degenerate symplectic flag variety. These are projective singular irreducible $\bG_a^M$ degenerations of the classical flag varieties for symplectic group $Sp_{2n}$. We give an explicit construction for the varieties $\SF^a_λ$ and construct their desingularizations, similar to the Bott-Samelson resolutions in the classical case. We prove that $\SF^a_\la$ are normal locally complete intersections with terminal and rational singularities. We also show that these varieties are Frobenius split. Using the above mentioned results, we prove an analogue of the Borel-Weil-Bott theorem and obtain a $q$-character formula for the characters of irreducible $Sp_{2n}$-modules via the Atiyah-Bott-Lefschetz fixed points formula.
description: 32 pages
Merging AI Incidents Research with Political Misinformation Research: Introducing the Political Deepfakes Incidents Database
Creators: name: Walker, Christina P.
name: Schiff, Daniel S.
name: Schiff, Kaylyn Jackson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article presents the Political Deepfakes Incidents Database (PDID), a collection of politically-salient deepfakes, encompassing synthetically-created videos, images, and less-sophisticated `cheapfakes.' The project is driven by the rise of generative AI in politics, ongoing policy efforts to address harms, and the need to connect AI incidents and political communication research. The database contains political deepfake content, metadata, and researcher-coded descriptors drawn from political science, public policy, communication, and misinformation studies. It aims to help reveal the prevalence, trends, and impact of political deepfakes, such as those featuring major political figures or events. The PDID can benefit policymakers, researchers, journalists, fact-checkers, and the public by providing insights into deepfake usage, aiding in regulation, enabling in-depth analyses, supporting fact-checking and trust-building efforts, and raising awareness of political deepfakes. It is suitable for research and application on media effects, political discourse, AI ethics, technology governance, media literacy, and countermeasures.
description: 6 pages, 1 table
Quantum confinement effects in Si/Ge heterostructures with spatially ordered arrays of self-assembled quantum dots
Creators: name: Agafonov, Oleksiy B.
name: Dais, Christian
name: Grützmacher, Detlev
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetotunneling spectroscopy was employed to probe the confinement in vertical Si/Ge double-barrier resonant tunneling diodes with regularly distributed Ge quantum dots. Their current-voltage characteristics reveal a step-like behavior in the vicinity of zero bias, indicating resonant tunneling of heavy-holes via three-dimensionally confined unoccupied hole states in Ge quantum dots. Assuming parabolic confinement we extract the strength of the confinement potential of quantum dots.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The BHB stars in the Survey Fields of Rodgers et al. (1993): New Observations and Comparisons with other Recent Surveys
Creators: name: Kinman, T. D.
name: Brown, Warren R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study blue horizontal branch (BHB) and RR Lyrae stars in the Rogers et al. (1993a) fields and compare their velocity and density distributions with other surveys in the same part of the sky. Photometric data are given for 176 early-type stars in the northern field. We identify fourteen BHB stars and four possible BHB stars, and determine the selection efficiency of the Century Survey, the HK Survey, and the SDSS survey for BHB stars. We give light curves and γ-radial velocities for three type-ab RR Lyrae stars in the northern field; comparison with the nearby LONEOS Survey shows that there is likely to be an equal number of lower-amplitude type-ab RR Lyrae stars that we do not find. There are therefore at least twice as many BHB stars as type-ab RR Lyrae stars in the northern field--similar to the ratio in the solar neighborhood. The velocity distribution of the southern field shows no evidence for an anomalous thick disk that was found by Gilmore et al. (2002); the halo velocity peaks at a slightly prograde rotational velocity but there is also a significant retrograde halo component in this field. The velocity distribution in the northern field shows no evidence of Galactic rotation for |Z|>4 kpc and a slight prograde motion for |Z|<4 kpc. The space densities of BHB stars in the northern field agree with an extrapolation of the power-law distribution recently derived by de Propris et al. (2010). For |Z|<4 kpc, however, we observe an excess of BHB stars compared with this power-law. We conclude that these BHB stars mostly belong to a spatially flattened, non-rotating inner halo component of the Milky Way in confirmation of the Kinman et al. (2009) analysis of Century Survey BHB stars.
description: 24 pages, accepted in AJ
A Framework to Simultaneously Explain Tiny Neutrino Mass and Huge Missing Mass Problem of the Universe
Creators: name: Farzan, Yasaman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently a minimalistic scenario has been developed to explain dark matter and tiny but nonzero neutrino masses. In this scenario, a new scalar called SLIM plays the role of the dark matter. Neutrinos achieve Majorana mass through a one-loop diagram. This scenario can be realized for both real and complex SLIM. Simultaneously explaining the neutrino mass and dark matter abundance constrains the scenario. In particular for real SLIM, an upper bound of a few MeV on the masses of the new particles and a lower bound on their coupling are obtained which make the scenario testable. The low energy scenario can be embedded within various $SU(2)\times U(1)$ symmetric models. I shall briefly review the scenario and a specific model that embeds the scenario, with special emphasis on the effects in the charged Kaon decay which might be observable at the KLOE and NA62 experiments.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Biometric Authentication using Nonparametric Methods
Creators: name: Sheela, S. V.
name: Radhika, K. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The physiological and behavioral trait is employed to develop biometric authentication systems. The proposed work deals with the authentication of iris and signature based on minimum variance criteria. The iris patterns are preprocessed based on area of the connected components. The segmented image used for authentication consists of the region with large variations in the gray level values. The image region is split into quadtree components. The components with minimum variance are determined from the training samples. Hu moments are applied on the components. The summation of moment values corresponding to minimum variance components are provided as input vector to k-means and fuzzy kmeans classifiers. The best performance was obtained for MMU database consisting of 45 subjects. The number of subjects with zero False Rejection Rate [FRR] was 44 and number of subjects with zero False Acceptance Rate [FAR] was 45. This paper addresses the computational load reduction in off-line signature verification based on minimal features using k-means, fuzzy k-means, k-nn, fuzzy k-nn and novel average-max approaches. FRR of 8.13% and FAR of 10% was achieved using k-nn classifier. The signature is a biometric, where variations in a genuine case, is a natural expectation. In the genuine signature, certain parts of signature vary from one instance to another. The system aims to provide simple, fast and robust system using less number of features when compared to state of art works.
description: 20 pages
An improved hydromechanical understanding of seepage-induced instability phenomena in soil
Creators: name: Crawford-Flett, Kaley A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Internal instability describes phenomena that occur when a soil cannot prevent the loss of its own small particles in the presence of forces induced by seepage flow. A significant proportion of incidents and failures in water-retaining structures and their foundations are attributed to the consequences of internal instability. There is a concern that existing dam and canal infrastructure may be vulnerable to internal instability as a consequence of deficiencies attributed to the state-of-practice at the time of design. In order to manage infrastructure risk, there is a need for an improved science-based understanding of the state-of-art 'hydromechanical framework' that describes the interacting material, stress and hydraulic factors understood to govern internal instability. A series of seepage tests were undertaken on five gradations in a large permeameter. The objectives were to observe critical seepage-induced phenomena at the 'upper bound', and to verify the presence of an extreme 'lower bound' to the hydromechanical space. A modified slurry deposition technique was used to reconstitute saturated and homogeneous specimens, and a multi-stage seepage regime was found satisfactory to identify the critical hydromechanical condition. Phenomena of fluidization and hydraulic uplift were found to characterize internally stable behaviour at the 'upper bound' of hydromechanical instability. A stress-independent 'lower bound' was experimentally defined by tests on two very unstable suffusive soils. Existing geometric methods were evaluated and found to inadequately characterize material behaviour in widely-graded till materials: rather, the presence of plasticity was found to inhibit internal instability. The present study quantified three necessary conditions for internal instability in gap-gradations: (1) a theoretical porosity-based microstructure framework was adapted to identify the 'α ≈ 0' 'particle detachment' condition, (2) the critical seepage condition at the hydromechanical 'lower bound' was verified in terms of a critical seepage velocity, and (3) a novel constriction size criterion was proposed to assess the 'transportation potential' for a particle in a porous medium. It is concluded that the hydromechanical space is not fully characterized by the stress-reduction factor 'α' alone: the present study characterizes two distinct and necessary components of material susceptibility for gap-gradations: (1) particle detachment, and (2) transportation potential.
High-resolution view of non-thermal emission from SS 433/W50 west region with the Chandra X-ray Observatory
Creators: name: Kayama, Kazuho
name: Tsuru, Takeshi Go
name: Uchida, Hiroyuki
name: Tanaka, Takaaki
name: Sudoh, Takahiro
name: Inoue, Yoshiyuki
name: Khangulyan, Dmitry
name: Tsuji, Naomi
name: Yamamoto, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: SS 433, Microquasar, X-ray

description: The X-ray binary SS 433 embed in W50 has east-west jets with a mildly relativistic velocity of 0.26c. Past X-ray observations discovered spatially extended structures including compact bright structures, so-called "knots", along the jets (Watson et al. 1983; Safi-Harb et al.1997). Recently, >25 TeV gamma-ray emission is reported from innermost knots, indicating particle acceleration up to ~ 100 TeV (Abeysekara et al. 2018). However, details of these non-thermal X-ray emissions, such as the origin of the knots and extended structures, are still veiled in mystery. We analyze archival X-ray data obtained with the Chandra X-ray Observatory from the west jet. We could not reveal any detectable emission between the SS 433 and the innermost knot. In the jet beyond this boundary, there are three knots as well as fainter diffuse emission. From the spectral variation, we find a tendency for spectral slope steepening along the jet axis. We develop a one-dimensional model that describes the emission evolution along the jet with variable magnetic field strength. We conclude that the extended structure originates from the synchrotron emission by the electrons, which are accelerated at the innermost knot. Our calculations also indicate that the outermost knot corresponds to a region of the enhanced magnetic field, which results in the efficient cooling of high-energy electrons. Comparing the X-ray morphology to the radio continuum observations (e.g., Dubner et al. 1998; Broderick et al. 2017), we find that the outermost knot position correlates with a part of the central shell of W50, which suggests that the jet interaction with the shell leads to the magnetic field compression. We also detect a new X-ray knot between the innermost and outermost knots. This knot possibly correlates with a molecular cloud (Yamamoto et al. 2008; Su et al. 2018), which is presumably related to the origin of the knot.
title: Spirit squares: Planning for public space in Vancouver Island municipalities
Creators: name: McLoughlin, Brian
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Public spaces--British Columbia--Vancouver Island
subject: City planning--British Columbia--Vancouver Island

description: Vibrant public spaces, such as squares, are important to community life, and it is essential that cities and towns are able to provide the required infrastructure to support those spaces. From 2006 to 2009, the Province of British Columbia, Canada, administered the B.C. Spirit Squares Program which made grant funding available to municipalities for the planning and construction of public space infrastructure. Over a three-year period, this intergovernmental grant program funded the creation of 63 public squares across the provincial region. Through qualitative interviews with key participants, an urban design context analysis, and a site analysis, this research evaluates five Spirit Square projects that were constructed on Vancouver Island. The evaluation assesses these projects against the BCSS project principles that were used guide grant funding. This research is inductive and based in grounded theory, meaning that there is no starting hypothesis. Instead, a mixed methods approach is used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data to gain an understanding of these projects, and to develop further recommendations. Research finds that each square met the grant program’s project principles in various ways, and recommendations are provided for planners undertaking future projects. Recommendations are also made regarding future grant programs, and the role of planners in the delivery of public space infrastructure at the local level.
Puffy Accretion Disk: Sub-eddington, Optically Thick, and Stable
Creators: name: Lančová, Debora
name: Wielgus, Maciek
name: Abramowicz, Marek
name: Abarca, David
name: Kluzniak, Wlodek
name: Török, Gabriel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Accretion, Magnetohydrodynamical simulations, Radiative magnetohydrodynamic, General relativity, Black holes

description: Puffy accretion disk is model of a stable accretion disk obtained purely via a general relativistic radiative magnetohydrodynamical simulation. It combines features of the thin, slim, and thick disk models but differs in crucial respects from each of them. We expect the new solution to provide a more realistic description of black hole disks than the slim disk model. We are presenting a disk solution for a nonspinning black hole at a sub-Eddington mass accretion rate. Although the density scale-height of the disk appears to be thin with a high density core near the equatorial plane, most of the inflow occurs through a highly advective, turbulent, optically thick, Keplerian region surrounding the core. Stability of the solution is supported in large part by the magnetic field, even though the radiation pressure strongly dominates over gas pressure.
description: This work was supported by the Student Grant Foundation of the Silesian University in Opava, Grant No. SGF/1/2020, which has been carried out within the EU OPSRE project entitled "Improving the quality of the internal grant scheme of the Silesian University in Opava", reg. number: CZ.02.2.69/0.0/0.0/19 073/0016951, the internal grant of the SU SGS/13/2019 and the Czech Science Foundation grant EXPRO 21-06825X.
description: {"references": ["D. Lan\u010dov\u00e1, D. Abarca, W. Klu\u017cniak, M. Wielgus, A. S\u0105dowski, R. Narayan, J. Schee, G. T\u00f6r\u00f6k & M. Abramowicz, 2019, ApJ, 884, L37", "A. S\u0105dowski, Narayan, R., Tchekhovskoy, A., & Zhu, Y., 2013a MNRAS, 429, 3533", "Penna R. F., S\u0105dowski A., Kulkarni A. K., Narayan R., 2013, MNRAS, 428, 2255", "A. S\u0105dowski, Narayan, R., McKinney, J. C., & Tchekhovskoy, A., 2014b, MNRAS, 439, 503", "A. S\u0105dowski, 2016, MNRAS, 459, 4367"]}
Particle acceleration in supernova-remnant shocks
Creators: name: Reynolds, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been known for over 50 years that the radio emission from shell supernova remnants (SNRs) indicates the presence of electrons with energies in the GeV range emitting synchrotron radiation. The discovery of nonthermal X-ray emission from supernova remnants is now 30 years old, and its interpretation as the extension of the radio synchrotron spectrum requires electrons with energies of up to 100 TeV. SNRs are now detected at GeV and TeV photon energies as well. Strong suggestions of the presence of energetic ions exist, but conclusive evidence remains elusive. Several arguments suggest that magnetic fields in SNRs are amplified by orders of magnitude from their values in the ambient interstellar medium. Supernova remnants are thus an excellent laboratory in which to study processes taking place in very high Mach-number shocks. I review the observations of high-energy emission from SNRs, and the theoretical framework in which those observations are interpreted.
description: 6 pages, 4 PostScript figures. Accepted by Ap&SpSci. (Invited review at HEDLA2010, 8th International Conference on High Energy-Density Laboratory Astrophysics)
The inner flow geometry in MAXI J1820+070 during hard and hard-intermediate states
Creators: name: DE MARCO, BARBARA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: X-rays: binaries – X-rays: individual: MAXIJ1820+070 – Accretion, accretion disks

description: We tackled the problem of constraining the changes in the geometrical structure of the accretion flow in the hard and hard-intermediate states of black hole X-ray binaries (BHXRB). To this aim we studied NICER data of the exceptionally bright BHXRB system MAXI J1820+070, using different X-ray spectral-timing methods. Our results are consistent with a steady evolution of the inner radius of the disc, accompanied by major changes in the structure of the X-ray source at the transition to the soft-intermediate state, possibly related to ballistic jet ejections.
The Diffuse and Compact X-ray Components of the Starburst Galaxy Henize~2-10
Creators: name: Kobulnicky, Henry A.
name: Martin, Crystal L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chandra X-ray imaging spectroscopy of the starburst galaxy Henize 2-10 reveals a strong nuclear point source and at least two fainter compact sources embedded within a more luminous diffuse thermal component. Spectral fits to the nuclear X-ray source imply an unabsorbed X-ray luminosity L_x >10^40 erg/s for reasonable power law or blackbody models, consistent with accretion onto a >50 solar mass black hole behind a foreground absorbing column of N_H>10^23 /cm^2. Two of these point sources have L_x=2-5 x 10^38 erg/s, comparable to luminous X-ray binaries. These compact sources constitute a small fraction (<16%) of the total X-ray flux from He~2-10 in the 0.3--6.0 keV band and just 31% of the X-rays in the hard 1.1--6.0 keV band which is dominated by diffuse emission. Two-temperature solar-composition plasmas (kT~0.2 keV and kT~0.7 keV) fit the diffuse X-ray component as well as single-temperature plasmas with enhanced alpha/Fe ratios. Since the observed radial gradient of the X-ray surface brightness closely follows that of the Halpha emission, the composition of the X-ray plasma likely reflects mixing of the ambient cool/warm ISM with an even hotter, low emission measure plasma, thereby explaining the ~solar ISM composition. Aperture synthesis 21-cm maps show an extended neutral medium to radii of 60" so that the warm and hot phases of the ISM, which extend to ~30", are enveloped within the 8x10^20 /cm^2 contour of the cool neutral medium. This extended neutral halo may serve to inhibit a starburst-driven outflow unless it is predominantly along the line of sight. The high areal density of star formation can also be reconciled with the lack of prominent outflow signatures if Henize 2-10 is in the very early stages of developing a galactic wind.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal; a version with high-resolution figures can be found at http://physics.uwyo.edu/~chip/Papers/He210Xrays
Lack of Evidence for a Singlet Crystal Field Ground State in the Tb2Ti2O7 Magnetic Pyrochlore
Creators: name: Gaulin, B. D.
name: Gardner, J. S.
name: McClarty, P. A.
name: Gingras, M. J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new high resolution inelastic neutron scattering data on the candidate spin liquid Tb2Ti2O7. We find that there is no evidence for a zero field splitting of the ground state doublet within the 0.2 K resolution of the instrument. This result contrasts with a pair of recent works on Tb2Ti2O7 claiming that the spin liquid behavior can be attributed to a 2 K split singlet-singlet single-ion spectrum at low energies. We also reconsider the entropy argument presented in Chapuis {\it et al.} as further evidence of a singlet-singlet crystal field spectrum. We arrive at the conclusion that estimates of the low temperature residual entropy drawn from heat capacity measurements are a poor guide to the single ion spectrum without understanding the nature of the correlations.
description: 4 pages, 3 figure. Submitted to Physical Review B