cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Актуальная аллергодиагностика
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: EDP Hub (Идипи Хаб), Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2024

description: В учебном пособии рассмотрены и обобщены теоретические и прикладные аспекты аллергологии, обсуждаются причины возникновения и распространения аллергии, представлены основные классы современных аллергенов. Подробно изложены принципы и методы диагностики аллергических заболеваний, даны их характеристика, различия и спектр их использования. Представлен спектр существующих сегодня методов, направленных на кратчайшее по сроку выявление аллергопатологии в любой период заболевания и степени сенсибилизации организма. Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов медицинских вузов, резидентов, для специалистов клинической лабораторной диагностики, профпатологических отделений и для врачей первичного звена при проведении дифференциальной диагностики заболеваний.
The Effects of IgA Deficiency and Maternal Dysbiosis on Type I Diabetes Incidence
Creators: Strachan, Erin R
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

There is a growing appreciation for the role of gastrointestinal (GI) health in promoting whole body wellbeing. Key features of a healthy gut include a balanced microbiota and their interaction with host immune defense mechanisms such as the production of Immunoglobulin A (IgA). Synergistically, the microbiota and IgA work to preserve the integrity of the gut barrier and regulate immune responses both locally and

systemically. During infancy, both the microbiota and immune system undergo rapid development and are strongly influenced by maternal factors, conveyed largely via events in the neonatal GI tract. When these events fail to occur at appropriate times, the long term detrimental effects resulting from suboptimal immune development can contribute to subsequent development of pathologies such as Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), where the erroneous activation of autoreactive lymphocytes leads to the destruction of the pancreatic beta cells. Despite the well-documented importance of maternal factors on infant immune development, whether maternal immune dysregulation and dysbiosis can perpetuate the same in offspring remains largely unknown. To gain an understanding of how these maternal factors impact infant disease development, I used IgA-deficiency induced maternal dysbiosis in Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) dams to study T1D development in their offspring. I found that maternal dysbiosis arising from IgA deficiency results in numerous neonatal changes in IgA-sufficient offspring, including increased GI immune cell numbers and

cytokine production, increased gut inflammation, altered gut microbiome composition and a modified GI metabolomic profile. In adulthood, IgA-sufficient offspring born to IgA-deficient dams show lessened insulitis and a lower incidence of T1D overall as compared to those reared by IgA-sufficient dams. Cross-fostering experiments indicate this protective effect is mediated post-natally, leading me to hypothesize that maternal microbiome transfer plays a significant role. I am currently exploring various characteristics of breast milk from IgA deficient dams as well as conducting fecal microbiota transfer experiments to explore how this protective effect may be mediated.
Megachile guaranitica Schrottky, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile guaranitica

description: guaranitica Schrottky, new comb.
Megachile guaranitica Schrottky 1908: 236 ­237. Female. Type locality: Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay.
Megachile guaranitica uruguayensis Schrottky 1908: 237. Female. Type locality: Uruguay. Synonymy of Schrottky 1913a: 168.
Megachile guaranitica forma melanopyga Schrottky 1908: 237. Female. Type locality: Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay. Synonymy of Schrottky 1913a: 168. (Not M. (Megachile) melanopyga Costa 1863: 45 [Central Europe].)
Megachile gomphrenae var. ferrugineipes Friese 1908a: 65. Male. Type locality: Jundiay [=Jundiaí], São Paulo, [Brazil]. Synonymy of Schrottky 1913a: 168.
Megachile marcida Vachal 1908: 229 ­230. Female and male. Female designated here as lectotype. Type locality: Mendoza/ Buenos Aires [Argentina]. (The locality is not cited on type specimen.) Type repository: MNHN. Examined. NEW SYNONYMY.
Megachile guaranitica ferrugineipes Schrottky 1909b: 268.
Megachile (Chrysosarus) guaranitica Mitchell 1943: 664.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
Input uncertainty analysis of the dynamic soil model SMART2 using Monte Carlo sampling
Creators: name: Rankinen, K.
name: Bärlund, I.
name: Ahonen, J.
name: Forsius, M.
name: Kämäri, J.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2001

description: A dynamic soil model SMART2 has been developed to estimate long-term chemical changes in soil and soil water in response to changes in atmospheric deposition. The aim of this study was to rank the input parameters on the basis of their contribution to model uncertainty in order to determine which additional data would best improve the reliability of predictions. The Monte Carlo technique was used in combination with regression analysis. The uncertainty study was conducted for stream water pH and NO3 concentration and for soil base saturation. Parameters defining nutrient mineralization in soil and plant uptake of nitrogen and base cations were also studied. Nitrogen uptake was mainly influenced by N concentration in stem and leaves, but also by parameters defining N mineralization in soil and N denitrification. Weathering rates and nutrient concentrations in vegetation appear to be the most important inputs explaining base saturation of mineral soil, NO3 concentration and pH of stream water.
Strategies and flexibility in Finnish commercial fisheries
Creators: name: Salmi, P.
name: Salmi, J.
name: Moilanen, M.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 1998

description: Strategies chosen by Finnish commercial fishermen in order to adapt to the changes and uncertainties in their occupation, and in society were analyzed by using a reclassification of the material obtained from the earlier interview-based survey. The data were collected by means of structured questionnaires and qualitative thematic interviews. The characteristics of the strategies and the transition between the groups were examined. The low profitability of fishing in monetary terms of, for instance, static fishing strategy and the withdrawers was interpreted through the high importance of the work itself and the values it offers for the fishermen. Most of the Finnish commercial fishermen depend on the availability of other incomes in addition to fishing revenues, which act as a `buffer' against fluctuations in the fishing revenues. The strategic response of the fishermen had expanded the activities of their enterprises in two main ways: investing in more efficient and larger vessels or forward integration closer to the needs of the consumers. Structural heterogeneity and differences in orientation and strategies form a challenge for the planning and management of commercial fisheries. In addition to the common way of categorizing the fishermen according to gear or fishing area, consideration of fishermen also as differently-oriented groups could help the decision makers to better assess the consequences of their actions.
Regional climate simulations for the Barents Sea region
Creators: name: Keup-Thiel, E.
name: Göttel, H.
name: Jacob, D.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2006

description: The vulnerability of the Barents Sea region to climate change is under investigation in the context of the EU Project BALANCE (http://balance1.uni-muenster.de). Today's climate of the Barents Sea region has been simulated using the regional climate model REMO driven by Analysis (since 1994) and by Reanalysis (1979–1993) of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) from 1979 to 2000 with a horizontal resolution of about 55 km. The results have been validated using observations from the Climatic Research Unit (CRU data) for 2-m temperature and precipitation for land areas only. The differences between the REMO simulation results and the CRU data are of the same order of magnitude as the deviations between CRU data and ERA-40 data (Reanalysis data of the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). To investigate a possible future climate development a 140-year-long transient simulation from 1961 to 2100 has been carried out using REMO. In this experiment, called the CCC run (Control and Climate Change run), REMO has been driven by ECHAM4/OPYC3 following the IPCC-SRES B2 scenario. The annual mean 2-m temperature of the CCC run shows a clear trend as expected, the 2-m temperature increases by 5 deg.C by the end of the century. The Arctic Climate Impact Assessment reports a 1.5 deg.C temperature increase from 1960 to today, which is in good agreement with our results. From 1960 to 2000 the observed annual mean temperature for the Arctic rises exactly in the same way as in the REMO simulation for the Barents Sea only. Three 20-year periods have been defined in order to analyze differences among these time slices. A stronger warming in January than in July is evident for all time slices. As expected, the warming is enhanced for the period 2041–2060 as compared with that for the earlier period (2011–2030). The largest warming occurs along the sea ice edge and over Russia during the winter months.
The Evolution of Registered Psychiatric Nursing Education in British Columbia (1913-2012)
Creators: Danda, Michelle
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

In British Columbia (BC) there are currently four legislated nursing groups: Registered Nurses (RN), Nurse Practitioners (NP), Registered Psychiatric Nurses (RPN) and Licensed Practice Nurses (LPN). The designation of RPN is unique to Western Canada. RPNs are legislated as a distinct profession with a separate education and code of ethics separate from other nurse designations. The purpose of this research was to compile a comprehensive history of RPN education in BC by focusing on the first school that opened in the province. This history of nursing education in BC sheds light on its contribution to the formation of RPNs as a distinct profession in Western Canada. Analysis of the persistence of the distinct education stream highlights the core facilitators that led to the perseverance of RPNs in overcoming threats and barriers to their existence. These include the integral relationship to the development of psychiatry, formation of Riverview as a large-scale mental institution that had workforce needs, and advocacy of Registered Psychiatric Nurses Association of British Columbia (RPNABC) in maintaining the distinction.
Back2Future-SIM: Creating Real-Time Interactable Immersive Virtual World For Robot Teleoperation
Creators: Akturk, Sait
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

In the context of human-robot interaction (HRI), robot autonomy addresses how environmental input influences a robot’s actions, spanning a spectrum from full human control to independent robot motion. The quality of HRI relies on information exchange, evaluated through factors like interaction duration, mental workload, and spatial awareness. Sensory feedback is crucial, with a growing interest in combining communication methods for more natural interactions. Challenges arise in distant proximity interactions with communication delays, where predictive sensory feedback emerges as a solution to enhance interaction efficiency by providing predictive information from the robot’s environment.

In this thesis, our focus is on providing predictive haptic feedback and immersive visuals from the virtual replica of the remote scene in a physics simulator. Our system acts as a bridge between the operator and the follower robot, considering real-world constraints. We create a cyber-physical system using a real-time 3D surface mesh reconstruction algorithm and a digital twin of the Barrett WAM arm robot. The Gazebo physics simulator integrates the digital twin and an incremental surface mesh to create a real-time virtual replica of the remote scene. This virtual replica is used to provide haptic surface interaction feedback through collision detection from the physics simulator. Additionally, we address the operator’s spatial awareness by using an immersive display for predictive visualization.
Megachile impudens Mitchell, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile impudens

description: impudens Mitchell, new comb.
Megachile impudens Mitchell 1930: 288. Female. Type locality: Cordova, Argentina. Type repository: MCZ 16204. Examined.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
Photodegradation of aquatic humic substances: An important factor for the Baltic carbon cycle?
Creators: name: Pettersson, C.
name: Rahm, L.
name: Allard, B.
name: Borén, H.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 1997

description: Although humic substances (HS) are often considered as chemically stable and non-biodegradable in a marine environment, it is well known that exposure to light will lead to a decomposition of these substances. Laboratory experiments of photodegradation by UV-irradiation of aquatic humic substances and natural water resulted in a rapid and quantitative degradation. Seasonal variations in the humic fraction of the total organic carbon (TOC) was indicated in field studies in humic-rich water in Sweden. The HS/TOC-ratio was considerably higher during the dark part of the year than during the light season. Both the laboratory results and the field studies indicate the potential importance of photodegradation of HS and formation of CO2 for the global carbon cycle, though other mechanisms like microbial degradation are possible. Furthermore, the formation of biodegradable low-molecular weight organic acids from terrestrial humic substances may be essential for partly heterotrophic systems like the Bothnian Bay.
Proper Laplacian Representation Learning
Creators: Gomez Noriega, Diego Fernando
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

The ability to learn good representations of states is essential for solving large reinforcement learning problems, where exploration, generalization, and transfer are particularly challenging. The Laplacian representation is a promising approach to address these problems by inducing intrinsic rewards for temporally-extended action discovery and reward shaping that can be used, among other things, to generate informative state encoding. To obtain the Laplacian representation one needs to compute the eigensystem of the graph Laplacian, which is often approximated through optimization objectives compatible with deep learning approaches. These approximations, however, depend on hyperparameters that are impossible to tune efficiently, converge to arbitrary rotations of the desired eigenvectors, and are unable to accurately recover the corresponding eigenvalues. In this dissertation we introduce a theoretically sound objective and corresponding optimization algorithm for approximating the Laplacian representation. Our approach naturally recovers both the true eigenvectors and eigenvalues while eliminating the hyperparameter dependence of previous approximations. We provide theoretical guarantees for our method and we show that those results translate empirically into robust learning across multiple environments.
Urban heat island research at high latitudes — utilising Finland as an example
Creators: name: Drebs, Achim
name: Suomi, Juuso
name: Mäkelä, Antti
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2023

description: The effects of a built environment on its climate, i.e., the urban heat island (UHI), has been under extensive research for more than 200 years. However, most of the research has focused on cities and regions at low and mid-level latitudes, while cities positioned at high latitudes have gained much less interest. In this article, we focus on summarising a total of 22 Finnish UHI research studies from 1961 to 2021 in cities located between the 60° and 65° north latitude. In these research studies, statements are made about UHI intensity and extent, and about the utilised analysis methods and techniques. Nine of the studies refer to the Finnish capital Helsinki, while the others concern the larger cities Turku, Oulu, and Lahti, as well as the medium-sized municipalities Hyvinkää and Joensuu. Our paper presents the previous studies in chronological order, thereby illustrating the methodological development of UHI research in Finland. One of the most important findings is that the past Finnish studies show a high level of scientific understanding and similar scientific practices to those in corresponding international research. However, the study also shows the challenges of comparing UHI characteristics between different cities because the specific local features (such as topography, water proximity, green infrastructure, etc.) typically play a significant role in local climatological conditions. The results of our investigation show that, firstly, there is a significant difference between the intensity of the summer and winter urban heat island. The UHI intensity can reach up to 14 K under the influence of local conditions. Secondly, the urban heat island intensity, where it could be studied over a longer period of time, has not essentially increased. However, there have been initial indications of an increase in recent studies. Thirdly, the research methods and results show a consistency in content over time, so that early research results can serve as the basis of further investigations. This study highlights the challenging nature of observing urban climate in high spatial-temporal detail and the different methods that have been traditionally used for UHI examinations: the conclusions are that all of these methods are also needed at present in order to grasp the full picture of urban climatic characteristics.
A Narrative Inquiry into the Experiences of Health and Well-Being of Women Previously Trafficked
Creators: Rogers, Corinne
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

Using narrative inquiry, I inquired into the experiences of health and well-being of women previously trafficked in Canada. Narrative inquiry is considered a research methodology and a method of understanding human experiences as storied phenomena under study (Clandinin & Connelly, 2000). By engaging in monthly visits and ongoing conversations over nine months, the participants and I slowly co created a relational space where we co composed stories that reflected their experiences and our relationship. As we lived alongside each other, the entanglement of our stories shaped ways to inquire into experiences. Drawing on the experiences of three participants, T, Wolfie, and Phoenix, made visible the complexities and the multiplicity of these entanglements. Their experiences of health and well-being have brought forward insights into the dominant narratives about identities that are based on preconceived notions. Their experiences challenge the politics of pity and risk-management strategies within anti-trafficking strategies in Canada. They call forth the need for attentiveness as they seek narrative coherence in their lives amidst liminal spaces and silences. As they told some of their stories without words, I was called to think about who I am in requiring that their silence be broken to understand their meanings of health and well-being. By retelling and reflecting on the stories that they shared in our conversations, I identified two narrative threads that make known the distinct entanglements of their experiences. Attending closely to their lives brought forward the personal, practical, and social significance of this work, which has implications for advancing nursing knowledge and practice and the social responsibilities we hold as people and nurses in the everyday encounter with women who have been previously trafficked.
Rapid effects of a fishing closure on whitefish (Coregonus maraena) in the northern Baltic Sea
Creators: name: Berkström, C.
name: Florin, A.-B.
name: Fredriksson, R.
name: Lundström, K.
name: Bergström, U.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2021

description: Areas closed to fishing year-round (no-take zones, NTZs) or during spawning time (spawning closures) are used as a management tool to increase declining fish populations. We evaluated the effects of a 147 km2 NTZ and a 3980 km2 spawning closure on whitefish populations in the northern Baltic Sea, and also accounted for fish consumption by seals and cormorants. Fish monitoring with multimesh gillnets in 2011–2016 showed a significant increase in catch per unit effort (CPUE) of mature whitefish (> 30 cm) both in the spawning closure and the NTZ compared with the reference area open to fishing. The rate of increase was significantly higher in the NTZ than in the spawning closure. Our results suggest that NTZs may strengthen coastal fish populations in temperate regions and that also seasonal closures under a critical period of the life cycle may benefit the populations.
Uphill drift in the absence of current in single-file diffusion
Creators: name: Sorkin, Benjamin
name: Dean, David S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-file diffusion is a paradigmatic model for the transport of Brownian colloidal particles in narrow one-dimensional channels, such as those found in certain porous media, where the particles cannot cross each other. We consider a system where a different external uniform potential is present to the right and left of an origin. For example, this is the case when two channels meeting at the origin have different radii. In equilibrium, the chemical potential of the particles are equal, the density is thus lower in the region with the higher potential, and by definition there is no net current in the system. Remarkably, a single-file tracer particle initially located at the origin, with position denoted by $Y(t)$, exhibits an average up-hill drift toward the region of highest potential. This drift has the late time behavior $\langle Y(t)\rangle= C t^{1/4}$, where the prefactor $C$ depends on the initial particle arrangement. This surprising result is shown analytically by computing the first two moments of $Y(t)$ through a simple and physically-illuminating method, and also via extensive numerical simulations.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Functional Comparison of Human and Murine Equilibrative Nucleobase Transporter 1
Creators: Kim, Chan S
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) maintenance therapy is the mainstay for various types of leukemia and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). 6-MP is associated with numerous adverse effects including gastrointestinal intolerance, myelotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. This can lead to therapy

discontinuation which is associated with a higher risk of relapse. Drug transporter expression is a known factor for patient variability in drug response and toxicity. We have established that SLC43A3-encoded equilibrative nucleobase transporter 1 (ENBT1) mediates the transport of 6-MP into human lymphocytes and human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cell lines transfected with SLC43A3. ENBT1 is known to be expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow, and the liver. However, the relationship between ENBT1 and 6-MP-associated adverse events, or 6-MP pharmacokinetics are not known. To validate the use of a novel slc43a3 knockout (KO) mouse for exploring this relationship, we assessed the functional similarities between human and

murine ENBT1 using transfected-HEK293 cell lines, MOLT-4 and L1210 leukemia cell lines, and a FL83B hepatic cell line. Based on in silico analysis of structural similarities between

transporters, we hypothesized that human and murine ENBT1 will have similar 6-MP transport/inhibition kinetics and mediate 6-MP effect on cell viability similarly. Our results show that recombinant and endogenous hENBT1 and mENBT1 are functionally similar in regards to ENBT1-mediated 6-MP cellular accumulation and mediating 6-MP deleterious effect on cell viability.

Overall, these findings support the utilization of a slc43a3 KO mouse model to explore the role of ENBT1 in 6-MP/6-MP metabolite absorption, cellular accumulation, and tissue biodistribution.
CFD modeling and analysis of anode supported solid oxide fuel cells
Creators: Elkashat, Ahmed
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) are promising energy conversion devices that offer high efficiency and low environmental impact. In order to understand and accurately estimate the SOFCs performance, advanced modeling techniques are required due to SOFCs complicated multi-physics nature and complex fluid flow patterns.

This thesis focuses on adopting a computational

fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis approach to study the performance of SOFCs in terms of electrical power output, thermal gradients across the cell, and fuel and oxidant consumption through the cell’s gas channels.

Two different three-dimensional models were developed and experimentally validated for tubular and planar SOFCs. The effect of the cell’s operating conditions and structure properties on its performance was studied. Additionally, the planar cell thermal gradients as a function of the operating conditions were studied.

The results show the effect of operating temperature on cell performance and the hydrogen and oxygen mass fraction across the fuel and air channels, respectively, for both tubular and planar models.

Finally, a parametric analysis was conducted to study the effect of the cell’s structure parameters, such as anode porosity, anode thickness, and electrolyte thickness, on the tubular and planar cells’ performance. Additionally, the effect of changing operating parameters such as the inlet temperature and flow rate of fuel and oxidant on the thermal gradient across the planar cell.
A Focused Ethnography of the Experiences of New Tenure-Track Nursing Faculty
Creators: Savard, Winnifred E.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

Background: Ongoing faculty shortages in nursing education has illuminated the need to better understand the experiences of PhD prepared new tenure track faculty. In the limited research available when I began this study, the initial tenure-track experience was reported to be an extremely stressful time for new faculty as they adjusted to the roles and responsibilities of a faculty member. Previous research indicated that new faculty desired mentoring for research development and teaching at the academic level, supportive institutional practices such as teaching release, start-up research funding, and work/life balance. However, limited research in this area focused on the Canadian nursing academic context.

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to understand more deeply the experiences of new PhD-prepared tenure-track nursing faculty in English-speaking Canada.

Methods: The primary research question guiding this study was: what is it like to be a new (defined as pre-tenured or within the first two years of tenure) tenure-track nursing faculty in Canada? To answer this question, a focused ethnography research design was employed. Seventeen participants from academic institutions across Canada were interviewed. Transcripts of the interviews were analyzed to identify patterns and themes and public documents were used to corroborate participants’ perceptions of the initial tenure experience.

Findings: The findings of this study provide a deeper understanding of new tenure-track nursing faculty participants’ experiences. This period of time is reported as stressful, all consuming, often insufficiently supported, and isolating. New tenure-track faculty participants indicated that the academic culture is seen as extremely competitive and uncivil despite institutional efforts to provide mentorship, teaching release time, and initial funds for research development.

Conclusion: New tenure-track nursing faculty need to be supported through the initial years of a tenure-track role. Multiple approaches including mentoring, teaching release time, research funds, and a positive work environment are needed to be successful during the tenure-track journey. Recommendations are offered to enhance the support of new faculty such as standardized faculty orientation, research, and teaching mentors, and addressing the uncivil culture.
Megachile infima Vachal, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile infima

description: infima Vachal, new comb.
Megachile infima Vachal 1908: 238 ­239. Female and male. Type locality: Mendoza [Argentina]. Type repository: MNHN. Examined.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
title: Vienna
title: Still a just city?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ahn, Byeongsun
name: Brenner, Anna-Katharina
name: Cucca, Roberta
name: Friesenecker, Michael
name: Litschauer, Katharina
name: Mocca, Elisabetta
name: Riederer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: This book explores and debates the urban transformations that have taken place in Vienna over the past 30 years and their consequences in policy fields such as labour and housing, political and social participation and the environment. Historically, European cities have been characterised by a strong association between social cohesion, quality of life, economic ambition and a robust State. Vienna is an excellent example for that. In more recent years, however, cities were pressured to change policy principles and mechanisms in the context of demographic shifts, post-industrial transformations and welfare recalibration which have led to worsened social conditions in many cities. Each chapter in this volume discusses Vienna's responses to these pressures in key policy arenas, looking at outcomes from the context-specific local arrangements. Against a theoretical framework debating the European city as a model of inclusion and social justice, authors explore the local capacity to innovate urban policies and to address new social risks, while paying attention to potential trade-offs.
The book questions and assesses the city's resilience using time series and an institutional analysis of four key dimensions that characterise the European city model within the context of post-industrial transition: redistribution, recognition, representation and sustainability. It offers a multiscalar perspective of urban governance through labour, housing, participatory and environmental policies, bringing together different levels and public policy types.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe; 196
Assessing landscape influences on the base of the aquatic food web across the North Saskatchewan River basin
Creators: Lightbown, Jillian N
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

Anthropogenic activities are forcing a shift in landscape types and climate regimes with concomitant effects on runoff draining into regional rivers and downstream water quality. Stream microbial communities at the base of aquatic food webs play an important role in overall ecosystem health, yet there has been limited work integrating the effects of landscape type and water quality on their community structure. Here we investigate these relationships across the North Saskatchewan River basin, an expansive watershed in Alberta (Canada), spanning forested, industrial, urban, and agricultural landscapes, and the primary drinking water source for a major city and 65 other communities. Over summer 2020 and 2021, samples for 48 water chemistry parameters (e.g., nutrients, ions, metals, oxygen isotopes), organic carbon character, and microbial community composition were collected from 78 tributaries across the North Saskatchewan River basin land use and land cover gradient. We found significant differences in water chemistry with lower nutrient and ion concentrations in alpine and forested regions compared to agricultural lands and city centers. Organic matter character across the basin was largely driven by differences in allochthonous input, where composition across the varying landscapes aligned with the changing soil type across the basin. Microbial community structure was also distinct across the basin, with the alpine sites containing the highest number of unique species (10,521) and the urban and agricultural sites being the most similar. Additionally, a universal core community was present across all sites (6-98%), composing the lowest relative abundance in the alpine sites, and the highest in the foothills which we propose to be a product of soil inoculation, as foothills sites have both the presence of well-developed soils, rolling topography, and high precipitation that would facilitate these inoculation events. Our findings highlight the importance of landscape influences in determining water chemistry, organic matter, and microbial community composition across the North Saskatchewan River basin. These results imply a shift in stream microbial communities as landscape types and climate regimes shift, with a possible decrease in microbial diversity as landscapes become more connected to the terrestrial environment.
The Inevitability of an Outgroup Leader
Creators: Kershaw, Christine Marie
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

Intergroup leadership is a frequently occurring and under-researched phenomenon. Across five studies, I examined three key intergroup leadership factors and their relation to assessing the leader and intergroup relations. To understand how these variables interacted in an intergroup leadership context, I conducted a series of quasi-experimental studies. I began by testing two of the variables in a pilot study, a new manipulation of leader affiliation, although only for an out-subgroup leader, in combination with a verified method of leader rhetoric manipulation. Study 1 expanded on the pilot study to fully manipulate leader affiliation, both in- and out-subgroup, combined with leader rhetoric. Study 2 introduced the third intergroup leadership variable, leader prototypicality, with leader affiliation. Study 3 removed the affiliation comparison to focus on the effects of leader prototypicality and rhetoric for an out-subgroup leader. Study 4 brought all of the variables together to test their effects on leader evaluation and intergroup relations. Across these studies, findings were generally inconsistent, although the effect of rhetoric was often aligned with theoretical predictions. In terms of intergroup leadership theory, these results are generally supportive or neutral relative to theoretical predictions, whereas in terms of the ingroup projection model these results provide less clear support. Overall, some issues with the prototypicality manipulation, which may be a result of generally low subgroup identification, make conclusive findings difficult. These results indicate that intergroup leadership requires additional study, and more theories and manipulations need to be generated to better understand these contexts.
Mental Model Management: The effects of punishment and reinforcement re-using and re-configuring strategies within game spaces
Creators: Zhang, Yajing
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

The development, storage and deployment of mental models are keystone cognitive processes central to successful operation in everyday life. We investigate the effects of punishment and reinforcement on people’s ability to acquire, reuse, and reconfigure mental models. Across three experiments, 218 participants completed a competitive, binary-outcome dice game against a computerized opponent, where the goal was to defeat the opponent who played two different exploitable strategies. All participants played four blocks of game, and each block consists of Pre, During, and Post phases. In the Pre phase, a strategy was acquired. In the During phase, a fixed win rate manipulation was used to create conditions where the strategy learned in the Pre phase was either punished or reinforced. In the Post phase, to maximize wins participants had to either relearn the old strategy (where Pre and Post strategies were the same) or learn a new strategy (where Pre and Post strategies were different). The three experiments varied in their During phase design. Participants experienced a mild punishment (50%) for Pre strategy in Experiment 1, a severe punishment (25%) and a light reinforcement (75%) in Experiment 2, and an equal degree of punishment (44%) and reinforcement (88%) relative to the baseline Pre performance of 66% win rate in Experiment 3. Participants’ proportions of win trials and optimal behaviours were analyzed in response to the reinforcement or punishment of old and new mental model strategies. Data revealed: (1) It is easier to relearn an old strategy relative to learning a new strategy; (2) The benefit of relearning old knowledge is weakened following a strong but not mild punishment; (3) Reinforcement of a learned strategy strengthens relearning old information but sabotages learning new information; and (4) Behaviours following a win are generally a stronger predictor in future performance than behaviours following a loss. These results indicate that people have a tendency to stay at their previous strategies unless they are punished harshly. Additionally, wins produce more reliable and flexible behavior relative to losses, indicating the focus of future research should be on how individuals recover from loss rather than maintain success.
Biomass distribution in a young Scots pine stand
Creators: name: Ilvesniemi, H.
name: Liu, C.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2001

description: The standing biomass of a young Scots pine stand was measured at the SMEAR II experimental station in Hyytiälä, southern Finland. The stem volume was found to be 119 m3 ha–1, corresponding to 41450 kg ha–1 in stem biomass. The needle biomass was 5100 kg ha–1 and was constituted mainly by the two youngest needle age classes. The branch biomass was 9040 kg ha–1 and the root biomass 12 520 kg ha–1. The height of the first living branches was found to vary from 2.2 to 6.9 m, whereas the variation in tree height was between 4.1 and 14 m. The needle surface area was 3.9 m2 m–2 and the root length and surface area were 4180 m m–2 and 8.8 m2 m–2, respectively. More than half of the total fine root surface area was found in the upper 10 cm of the soil.
Preface to the Special Issue “Ecologically sustainable fishing”: Project KESKALA background, objectives and conclusions
Creators: name: Lehtonen, H.
name: Estlander, S.
name: Horppila, J.
name: Nurminen, L.
name: Olin, M.
name: Rask, M.
name: Ruuhijärvi, J.
name: Tiainen, J.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2017

description: (No abstract)
Predicting polymer drag reduction in turbulent pipe flows from rheological characteristics
Creators: Singh, Satyajit
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

Predicting polymer drag reduction from polymer solution rheology can be potentially achieved by developing a model between friction factor and rheological characteristics. The model’s foundation depends on establishing a correlation between these parameters, and its robustness depends on the size of the data utilized. To establish this relation for hydrocarbon-based polymer solutions, the present work demonstrates friction factor tests with water-based polymer solution as preliminary results and parallelly presents the design, fabrication and commissioning of a flow facility that can operate with diesel fuel as the flow medium. The water-based polymer solution analysis includes extensive pipe flow tests for three different pipe sizes (1-inch, 1.5-inch, and 2-inch inner diameter) and several drag reduction percentages, to gather pressure drop data from the pipe flow facility to further calculate the skin friction coefficient (Cf). For each pressure drop, a fluid sample from the pipe flow setup is tested for shear viscosity and extensional viscosity measurements. The shear viscosity (µ) measurements, along with the known fluid density (ρ), flow velocity (V) and pipe inner diameter (D) were utilized to calculate the Reynold’s number (Re) of the flow through the relation Re = (ρ V D) /µ and the extensional viscosity data provides the relaxation time (tr) of the sample which was utilized along with the shear rate (γ) to calculate the Weissenberg number (Wi), given by Wi = tr · γ. These values of Cf, Re and Wi for each sample point when projected together, exhibit good correlation, and presents strong clues towards understanding the dependence of Cf on Wi and Re. The extensive data for water-based polymer solution test and its analysis are presented. This will be used as foundational work for similar pipe flow tests planned with diesel-based polymer solution, to be conducted in a separate flow facility for diesel.

Based on the concept of the water flow loop, the diesel flow facility with a 1-inch pipe size was designed with consideration on safety and ventilation around the loop. The detailed component level design is presented, and the fabrication and commissioning of the loop was completed. Similar to the water-based tests, three preliminary tests with diesel fuel were conducted at six different Re values (5000, 10000, 15000, 20000, 25000, and 30000) to confirm the alignment with the Newtonian friction factor values. The results showed close and consistent alignment with the Newtonian Cf – Re curve, confirming the diesel flow loop’s readiness for polymer solution tests.
Megachile infinita Mitchell, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile infinita

description: infinita Mitchell, new comb.
Megachile infinita Mitchell 1930: 204. Male. Type locality: Chapada [dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso], Brazil. Type repository: ANSP 4134. Examined.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
Reflection of the changes of the North Atlantic Oscillation Index and the Gulf Stream Position Index in the hydrology and phytoplankton of Võrtsjärv, a large, shallow lake in Estonia
Creators: name: Nõges, T.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2004

description: The North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAO) was correlated with winter and spring air temperature in Estonia while wind speed dynamics were mediated by the position of the Gulf Stream. In the low-NAO years, the large (270 km2), shallow (mean depth 2.8 m), polymictic lake, Võrtsjärv, was significantly shallower than in the high-NAO years. Phytoplankton biomass was higher in the springs after high-NAO winters, and it was inversely related with the depth of the lake in summer and autumn but not in spring. In Võrtsjärv, the North Atlantic Oscillation directly influences spring phytoplankton via its effects on the ice cover dynamics. The climate signal `recorded' in the water levels results in lower summer/autumn phytoplankton biomass in the years when the water level remains high throughout the year. The effects of light and phosphorus limitation on phytoplankton at higher water levels are discussed.
Comparing Digital Rock Physics Predictions of Anisotropy and Experimentally Measured Anisotropy
Creators: Belisle, Liam
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

The principal focus of this thesis is to compare novel digital rock physics methods of predicting 3D anisotropy in individual rock samples with various experimental methods of measuring anisotropy on the same individual rock sample; for the first time, the full 3D anisotropy from digital rock physics methods and experimental magnetic anisotropy methods are obtained and compared for the exact same single rock core plug sample. A cloud-based imaging platform, DigiM I2S, was used to process microcomputed tomography images and perform petrophysical simulations on an igneous core plug sample non-destructively, from which predictions of various 3D anisotropies could be obtained. These predictions were then compared with experimentally measured magnetic anisotropy, both susceptibility and remanence anisotropy, and anisotropy of shear wave velocity on the same individual rock sample. Experimental magnetic anisotropy methods provide large time-saving potential if they can serve as rapid analogues for estimating the 3D anisotropy of other parameters. For example, traditional permeability anisotropy measurement schemes are rather time-consuming and typically require many measurements and many cores cut in orthogonal directions rather than a single core plug. A few distinct magnetic anisotropy methods were employed to target different magnetic grain size populations and to check for unambiguous agreement with the bulk matrix minerals of the samples. A previous study labelled the rock samples of this study as “quasi-isotropic”, while the orientations and magnitudes of our principal axes of anisotropy across several methods indicated rather large anisotropy; in many cases, there was large agreement between the orientations and the magnitudes of the principal axes of 3D anisotropy. Differences in the magnitudes and orientations of the principal anisotropy axes from each method may be related to specific mineral components and grain size fractions; these differences could in turn be related to the type of rock being studied, the geological setting, natural ancient flow directions, and the deformation history. The work conducted in this thesis would represent some of the first steps to elucidate relationships between various 3D and 2D anisotropies, both measured and predicted.