cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Russian economy
Creators: name: Ericson, Richard E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: This report surveys the state and structure of the Russian economy at the beginning of the 21st century. The nature of the economic system is characterized in terms of the inherited structural and institutional legacies and the efforts to overcome these since 1991. Despite the vast changes that have occurred during a decade of 'transition', these legacies still stand in the way of developing a well-functioning market economy. The size and structure of the economy is analyzed, together with prospects for further development. The current (Gref) development program of the Putin regime is argued to be promising, if appropriately implemented, but faces domestic political challenge that may derail progress.
title: Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 3, No 1 (2008)
title: Special Issue
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Faculty Of Science, University Of Calgary
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: Dedicated to the centenary of the birth of Ferenc Kárteszi (1907--1989).
description: Ferenc Kárteszi (1907--1989): A short biography
Construction of a 3-dimensional MDS-code
S-spaces from free extensions
Two character sets in  finite linear spaces
A survey on semiovals
The transitive and co-transitive blocking sets in P^2(F_q)
Constructions of small complete arcs with prescribed symmetry
Partitioning the flags of PG(2,q) into strong representative systems
Configurations graphs of neighbourhood geometries
On geometric constructions of (k, g)-graphs
Arcs in Desarguesian nets
A complete span of H(4,4) admitting PSL_2(11) and related structures
Affinely regular polygons in an affine plane
Preface
Glauber Dynamics for the mean-field Potts Model
Creators: name: Cuff, Paul
name: Ding, Jian
name: Louidor, Oren
name: Lubetzky, Eyal
name: Peres, Yuval
name: Sly, Allan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60J10, 60K35, 82C20

description: We study Glauber dynamics for the mean-field (Curie-Weiss) Potts model with $q\geq 3$ states and show that it undergoes a critical slowdown at an inverse-temperature $β_s(q)$ strictly lower than the critical $β_c(q)$ for uniqueness of the thermodynamic limit. The dynamical critical $β_s(q)$ is the spinodal point marking the onset of metastability. We prove that when $ββ_s(q)$ the mixing time is exponentially large in $n$. Furthermore, as $β\uparrow β_s$ with $n$, the mixing time interpolates smoothly from subcritical to critical behavior, with the latter reached at a scaling window of $O(n^{-2/3})$ around $β_s$. These results form the first complete analysis of mixing around the critical dynamical temperature --- including the critical power law --- for a model with a first order phase transition.
description: 45 pages, 5 figures
A shifting hydrological regime : a field investigation of snowmelt runoff processes and their connection to summer baseflow, Sunshine Coast, B.C.
Creators: name: Beaulieu, Mathieu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The annual hydrographs in British Columbia rivers are either characterized by glacial, nival, pluvial or “hybrid” (both pluvial and nival) sources of runoff. Climate change scenarios for the 2050s indicate that snow-water-equivalent (SWE) will diminish by 50 to 80% in lower snowfed-dominated basins in the South Coastal region compared to historical values. This could trigger a shift from a hybrid to a pluvial regime for many creeks, including streams used as primary water supply such as Chapman Creek on the Sunshine Coast. It has been suggested in previous studies that this change in runoff regime will negatively impact summer low flows due to an earlier onset of snowmelt and a prolonged summer recession period. However, the connection between groundwater recharge during snowmelt and late-summer water yield remains unclear. A local headwater catchment (Stephen’s Creek) was instrumented and monitored from the fall of 2008 to the fall of 2009. A two- and a three-component isotopic hydrograph separation (2-, 3-IHS) method was developed by adapting the runoff-corrected model (runCE) to a semi-distributed environment in order to account for spatial variability in snowmelt and in isotopic release from the snowpack. IHSs results show that event water (snowmelt) and soil water composed most of the streamflow both at the headwater site (66 ± 19%) and at the mouth (62 ± 23%) during the peak of the freshet, while the contribution of event water to streamflow was significantly different in July (34 ± 11 % at the headwater site vs. 7 ± 4% at the mouth). Hydrometric, isotopic and geochemical data suggest that saturated throughflow was the predominant flow-path taken by melt water during freshet. Preliminary streamflow recession analysis revealed that the snowmelt-recharged headwater catchment can support a steadier summer baseflow than Robert’s Creek – a much larger, but rainfed-dominated watershed. It is concluded that the large input of melt water during the spring was sufficient to “over-turn” the shallow subsurface reservoir of the headwater catchment and recharge deeper flow-paths at a rate that can not be matched by rainfed-dominated systems. The results are of interest to water resource planning in the South Coastal region.
Identification of Critical Growth Stage for Export Type Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) to Moisture Stress
Creators: name: Yadeta, Belay
name: Tesfaye, Kindie
name: Chemeda, Desalegn
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2016

description: A study was conducted on the identification of critical growth stages to moisture stress of common bean, cultivar Chercher, at nine different growth stages[emergence of cotyledons (V1), development of primary leaves (V2), development of first trifoliate leaves (V3), development of third trifoliate leaves (V4), bud formation (R5), flowering (R6), pod formation (R7), pod filling (R8) and maturity (R9)] with irrigating at those different stages were made at Haramaya University Research site, Haramaya, during 2010 and 2011. The identification of sensitive growth stages to at different growth stages on the yield and yield components of common bean were determined. The effect of water stress showed significance effect on most parameters considered. But, water stress on the days of flowering and dry biomass was not showed significance difference. However, applying the water deficit at vegetative growth stages (V1 to V4) did not significantly affect the yield and yield components of common bean as compared to the reproductive growth stages (R5 to R9). The highest yield per plant (6.19 g) and lowest yield per plant (1.55 g) were recorded when irrigation was withheld at the development of cotyledon (V1) and at bud formation (R5) growth stages. As compared to the well watered control, the lowest (3%) and highest (76%) seed yield reductions were obtained when water deficit was imposed at V1 and R5 stages. As this finding it is concluded that the most critical growth stage of common bean, Chercher variety to water deficit is at bud formation (R5).
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Regional Health and Public Health Preparedness for Nuclear Terrorism: Optimizing Survival in a Low Probability/High Consequence Disaster
Creators: name: Redlener, Irwin E.
name: Garrett, Andrew L.
name: Levin, Karen
name: Mener, Andrew
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Emergency management
Emergency management--Planning
Disaster relief--Planning
Terrorism
Nuclear explosions

description: The United States remains unprepared to cope with the possibility of an attack on a major city by terrorists capable of acquiring and detonating an improvised nuclear device. Long-held anxieties about the non-survivability of nuclear war promulgated during the intense U.S.—Soviet arms race from the late 1940s through the 1980s, and reluctance to consider low probability/high consequence events among local disaster planning priorities, are barriers to developing plans that could dramatically save lives in the event of a terrorist-based nuclear detonation. This paper begins by describing the reality of the threat of nuclear terrorism to the United States and the enormous scale of lives lost and physical destruction that would result from the detonation of even a small improvised nuclear device (IND) in an American city. It then systematically lays out the gross inadequacy of current response capabilities, and highlights the critical unmet need for urgent, deliberate and well-funded planning efforts to address those deficiencies. In the Recommendations section, Columbia University‘s National Center for Disaster Preparedness (NCDP) calls for targeted public health and medical care regional planning and response efforts focused on “gray zones“ —areas where significant life-saving opportunities would exist following an IND detonation, and where preparedness planning and proper training can meaningfully enhance survival and recovery.
Tests for endogeneity and instrument suitability
Creators: name: Dhrymes, Phoebus J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper deals with two alternatives to the so-called Hausman test for the exogeneity of instruments, in the context of a model where one or more explanatory variables are possibly correlated with the structural error. These two alternatives are at least as good or better than the Hausman test and are much simpler to carry out. A small Monte Carlo study illustrates this result.
Additional file 1 of Meta-analysis under imbalance in measurement of confounders in cohort studies using only summary-level data
Creators: name: Ray, Debashree
name: Muñoz, Alvaro
name: Zhang, Mingyu
name: Li, Xiuhong
name: Chatterjee, Nilanjan
name: Jacobson, Lisa P.
name: Lau, Bryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary materials. The online supplementary materials provide technical proofs, additional figures and tables, and additional data analysis results.
Transition metal tolerance and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome
Creators: name: Bleackley, Mark Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Transition metal ions are essential nutrients to all forms of life. Iron, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt and nickel all have unique chemical and physical properties that make them attractive molecules for use in biological systems. Many of these same properties that allow these metals to provide essential biochemical activities and structural motifs to a multitude of proteins including enzymes and other cellular constituents also leads to a potential for cytotoxicity. Organisms have been required to evolve a number of systems for the efficient uptake, intracellular transport, protein loading and storage of metal ions to ensure that the needs of the cells can be met while minimizing the associated toxic effects. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used as model organism for the investigation of these systems and a majority of the genes and biological systems that function in yeast metal homeostasis are conserved throughout eukaryotes to humans. Traditionally, genomic studies in metal homeostasis focus on the response to one, or in some cases two, metals. Here, I have used high density yeast arrays of a S. cerevisiae deletion collection to study the genes required for tolerance to six transition metals in parallel and I have used this data to examine the role of genes not only in the homeostasis of individual metals but to also gain insight into cellular transition metal homeostasis as a whole. Genes and pathways with novel function in the homeostasis of a particular metal have been identified along with the systems that function with broad spectrum metal specificity. Data generated in this screen has also be combined with previously published data sets that examine different aspects of yeast biology in an attempt to delve deeper in to the cellular machinery that allows yeast, and potentially the cells of other organisms, to maintain the balance between metal ions as essential nutrients as opposed to toxic moieties. Metallochaperones represent a relatively recent emerging class of proteins that play a central role in maintaining this balance. As part of the analysis of the high density array screens, putative chaperones have been identified. Additionally a yeast 2 hybrid screen using a cytoplasmic domain of the S. cerevisiae high affinity iron transporter Ftr1p has been performed to with the goal of discovering candidate iron chaperones. As a whole, the research discussed in this thesis has shed light on a number of new features of the homeostatic mechanisms that function in S. cerevisiae and will provide the basis for further investigation into the interactions between cells and metal ions eventually leading to implications in human health and disease.
Hyperons analogous to the Λ(1405)
Creators: name: Oh, Yongseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low mass of the $Λ(1405)$ hyperon with $j^P = 1/2^-$, which is higher than the ground state $Λ(1116)$ mass by 290 MeV, is difficult to understand in quark models. We analyze the hyperon spectrum in the bound state approach of the Skyrme model that successfully describes both the $Λ(1116)$ and the $Λ(1405)$. This model predicts that several hyperon resonances of the same spin but with opposite parity form parity doublets that have a mass difference of around 300 MeV, which is indeed realized in the observed hyperon spectrum. Furthermore, the existence of the $Ξ(1620)$ and the $Ξ(1690)$ of $j^P=1/2^-$ is predicted by this model. Comments on the $Ω$ baryons and heavy quark baryons are made as well.
description: 4 pages, talk presented at the Fifth Asia-Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics 2011 (APFB2011), Aug. 22-26, 2011, Seoul, Korea
A natural lower bound for the size of nodal sets
Creators: name: Hezari, Hamid
name: Sogge, Christopher D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58, 35, 35P

description: We prove a natural inequality which implies the known lower bounds for the $(n-1)$-dimensional Hausdorff measure of nodal sets for smooth compact manifolds.
description: To appear in Analysis and Partial Differential Equations
Do housing and social policies make households too small? Evidence from New York
Creators: name: Ellen, Ingrid Gould
name: O'Flaherty, Brendan Andrew
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics
Housing policy
Income maintenance programs

description: How many adults should live in a house? How do people actually divide themselves up among households? Average household sizes vary substantially, both over time and in the cross-section. In New York City, we find that housing and income maintenance policies exert powerful influences on household size and composition -- more powerful than race, culture, or ethnicity. These policies make households smaller (measured by number of adults). We review arguments why governments might want to influence household sizes, and discern no reason for trying to make households smaller than they would be in the absence of these housing and income maintenance policies. Small average household size can be extremely expensive in terms of physical and environmental resources, higher rents, and possibly homelessness. Our results indicate that New York City may well have too much of it.
Organic Superconductors: when correlations and magnetism walk in
Creators: name: Jerome, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This survey provides a brief account for the start of organic superconductivity motivated by the quest for high Tc superconductors and its development since the eighties'. Besides superconductivity found in 1D organics in 1980, progresses in this field of research have contributed to better understand the physics of low dimensional conductors highlighted by the wealth of new remarkable properties. Correlations conspire to govern the low temperature properties of the metallic phase. The contribution of antiferromagnetic fluctuations to the interchain Cooper pairing proposed by the theory is borne out by experimental investigations and supports supercondutivity emerging from a non Fermi liquid background. Quasi one dimensional organic superconductors can therefore be considered as simple prototype systems for the more complex high Tc materials.
description: 41 pages, 21 figures to be published in Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism
From Intellectual Mobility to Transnational Professional Space: Experiences of Internationally Educated Chinese Academic Returnees
Creators: name: Lei, Ling
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: transnational migration
subject: transnationality
subject: transnational professional space
subject: Diaspora
subject: intellectual mobility
subject: Chinese academic returnee
subject: academic adaptation
subject: lifelong learning
subject: Community of Practice
subject: transnational academic collaboration
subject: Education
subject: Education--Adult and Continuing
subject: Education--Social Sciences

description: Transnational migration brings to the fore the various connections migrants maintain with their home and sojourn countries. This study explores, within the transnational professional space, how internationally educated Chinese academic returnees maintain transnational professional ties and networks with their host countries of doctoral studies for their academic growth, and the impacts of such networks. This study employs the methodology of a qualitative case study of 12 internationally educated Chinese academics from the social sciences and humanities within three higher education institutions in Beijing, China. It confirms the significance of meso-level institutions, communities and networks in shaping returnee teachers’ academic growth, highlighting issues of access to multiple transnational communities of practice, the quality of the institutional platform and the availability of occupational space. It concludes that Chinese academic returnees have formed a virtual transnational diaspora, and contributed to strengthening the inter-dependence of academics across borders in academic and research collaboration.
Robustly optimal monetary policy with near-rational expectations
Creators: name: Woodford, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Finance

description: The paper considers optimal monetary stabilization policy in a forward-looking model, when the central bank recognizes that private-sector expectations need not be precisely model-consistent, and wishes to choose a policy that will be as good as possible in the case of any beliefs that are close enough to model-consistency. It is found that commitment continues to be important for optimal policy, that the optimal long-run inflation target is unaffected by the degree of potential distortion of beliefs, and that optimal policy is even more history-dependent than if rational expectations are assumed.
Adult Immigrants Seeking Entry into the Trades in Rural Alberta: Navigating the Processes of Credentialing and Re-credentialing
Creators: name: Ross, Douglas Robert
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: re-credentialing
subject: international tradespersons
subject: Education--Adult and Continuing
subject: Education--Vocational
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Social Structure and Development

description: The purpose of this case study is to explore a sample of international power engineering students' experiences and perceptions to get a better understanding of the individual and collective strategies adopted to navigate the post-migration transition to the Canadian labour market. Along with document analysis, this thesis analyzes data gained through personal interviews and a focus group with 14 international power engineering students, with the intention of gathering input from their experiences and perceptions of (re-)credentialing to realize successful labour market entry. This thesis offers an analysis of (re-)credentialing as a contested space amidst a process of negotiating an arbitrarily imposed re-training regime. With a sociocultural framework that considers the earlier writings of Lev Vygotsky in support of the contemporary concepts of Pierre Bourdieu, the findings suggest the need for more support of mediated learning experiences to promote abilities to process new and complicated symbolic representations linked to labour market entry requirements. The findings also indicate the profound influence of a field-habitus clash on successful entry to occupations of choice.
New Perspective on the Reciprocity Theorem of Classical Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Mansuripur, Masud
name: Tsai, Din Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a simple physical proof of the reciprocity theorem of classical electrodynamics in the general case of material media that contain linearly polarizable as well as linearly magnetizable substances. The excitation source is taken to be a point-dipole, either electric or magnetic, and the monitored field at the observation point can be electric or magnetic, regardless of the nature of the source dipole. The electric and magnetic susceptibility tensors of the material system may vary from point to point in space, but they cannot be functions of time. In the case of spatially non-dispersive media, the only other constraint on the local susceptibility tensors is that they be symmetric at each and every point. The proof is readily extended to media that exhibit spatial dispersion: For reciprocity to hold, the electric susceptibility tensor Chi_E_mn that relates the complex-valued magnitude of the electric dipole at location r_m to the strength of the electric field at r_n must be the transpose of Chi_E_nm. Similarly, the necessary and sufficient condition for the magnetic susceptibility tensor is Chi_M_mn = Chi^T_M_nm.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, 28 equations, 21 references
Storable Votes and Agenda Order Control
Creators: name: Casella, Alessandra M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Economics

description: The paper studies a voting scheme where members of a committee voting sequentially on a known series of binary proposals are each granted a single extra bonus vote to cast as desired - a streamlined version of Storable Votes. When the order of the agenda is exogenous, a simple sufficient condition guarantees the existence of welfare gains, relative to simple majority voting. But if one of the voters controls the order of the agenda, does the scheme become less efficient? The endogeneity of the agenda gives rise to a cheap talk game, where the chair can use the order of proposals to transmit information about his priorities. The game has multiple equilibria, differing systematically in the precision of the information transmitted. The chair can indeed benefit, but the aggregate welfare effects are of ambiguous sign and very small in all parameterizations studied. The theoretical conclusions are tested through laboratory experiments. Subjects have difficulty identifying the informative strategies, and tend to cast the bonus vote on their highest intensity proposal. As a result, realized payoff are effectively identical to what they would be if the agenda were exogenous. The bonus vote matters; the chair's control of the agenda does not.
RDA TIGER D6.2 Initial Quality Control Processes
Creators: name: Asmi, Ari
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: EOSC
RDA

description: RDA TIGER provides many services for the RDA Working Groups. They are generally new services, with relatively little initial knowledge of best practices and expectations of the WG members. It is thus critical to follow the expected quality of these services in fulfilling different aspects of the RDA TIGER project goals, including, but not limited to, the WG member satisfaction. This deliverable describes what is meant by quality in the RDA TIGER project, the model used to present the service and their targets, the basic quality control mechanisms used in services, and the overall quality control process of the project. This is the initial version of the process, and it is expected that the quality control mechanisms will live and evolve during the project time.
Structural VAR, MARMA and Open Economy Models
Creators: name: Dhrymes, Phoebus J.
name: Thomakos, Dimitrios D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Economics

description: The objective of this paper is to examine the recent literature on the standard open economy macro paradigm. Since there are many aspects to this literature, we concentrate on issues regarding the nature of restrictions imposed in order to gain identification, the general problem of identification in the context of the standard structural VAR (SVAR) or structural MARMA (SMARMA) model1 employed for that purpose, the question of whether "forward" looking (rational) expectations (FLE) are more in accord with the empirical evidence than the standard "backward" looking (rational) expectational (BLE) schemes and, finally, whether the results one obtains are invariant to the choice of model specification as SVAR or SMARMA.
Literacy Practices within Self-help Groups: A Case Study of Jeldu Functional Adult Literacy Groups
Creators: name: Soressa, Kebede
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2016

description: Meserete Kristos Church-Rehabilitation and Development Association (MKC-RDA) isa non-governmental organization working to enhance the livelihood of adults via forming Functional Adult Literacy (FAL) groups since 2008. This study was conducted in 2011 to assess the extent of the effectiveness of MKC-RDA’s intervention. The study was purely qualitative in nature and purposive sampling was employed to generate wider information for better understanding of the intervention. The findings of the study showed that beneficiaries were intrinsically motivated because they are the one who stated the objectives and take the action. The target group was also appropriate since they were perceived as capable and resourceful whose knowledge and experience counts most. The intervention has helped beneficiaries to build high self-esteem and develop extrovert personality which help them contribute to the betterment of their community by sharing knowledge and experience that has been acquired. Acquiring reading, writing and basic arithmetic skill is considered as the means to an end rather than an end by itself. Indeed, the intervention contributed a lot for it enabled the beneficiaries to develop positive self-concept about themselves and had helped to enhance their livelihood.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Partager la résistance : Littérature et politique dans Les poupées de Sylvain Rivard et Les survivants s’expriment de la Commission de vérité et réconciliation
Creators: name: Klassen-Molyneaux, Riley Austin
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Littérature autochtone
subject: Literature

description: Même après des siècles de colonisation, il existe toujours des différences sociales et culturelles entre les peuples autochtones et les peuples colonisateurs. Dans Les poupées de Sylvain Rivard, une prise de parole littéraire, l’on constate la même résistance à la doxa coloniale que l’on constate dans Les survivants s’expriment de la Commission de vérité et réconciliation, une prise de parole politique. Le présent mémoire s’intéresse à la manière dont ces deux prises de parole déjouent la doxa de la société dominante. En s’appuyant sur les approches théoriques de Michel Foucault, Albert Memmi, Maurizio Gatti et Jonathan Lamy, nous aborderons les thèmes de la langue, de la culture et des représentations dans Les survivants s’expriment et dans Les poupées. En analysant ces thèmes, nous esquisserons un discours dominant et un discours autochtone qui sous-tendent deux prises de parole disparates.
Why might one expect environmental Kuznets curves? Examining the desirability and feasibility of substitution
Creators: name: Talikoff, Alexander Strickland Pfaff
name: Chaudhuri, Shubham
name: Nye, Howard L. M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper provides simple, transparent intuition for the perhaps surprising and certainly widely debated empirical findings of "environmental Kuznets curves", i.e. U-shaped relationships between per-capita income and indicators of environmental quality. We consider one possible component of such relationships: the linkage between income and household choices that impact upon the environment. Our explicit model emphasizes two features. First, degradation of the environmental endowment is a by-product of household activities. We present a household production model in which consumption of marketed commodities generates both a "good", desired non-environmental services, and a "bad", degradation of the environment. Second, while households can not directly purchase environmental quality, they can reorganize their activities so less degradation results. If environmental quality is a normal good, one expects substitution towards less degrading commodities, so that increases in income will increase environmental quality. We show that natural constraints on the desirability and feasibility of such substitution can produce non-monotonic relationships between household income and environmental quality, and in particular can produce household-level environmental Kuznets curves.
Compatibility of Predatory Mite (Amblyseius californicus) with Entomopathogenic Fungi against Two Spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae. Koch)
Creators: name: Daba, Teshale
name: Dawd, Mohammed
name: Negeri, Mulugeta
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2016

description: The two-spotted spider mite (Tetranchus urticae) is the most threatening pest of flower farms in Ethiopia. Biological control is becoming an acceptable practice to suppress the pest in greenhouse. Recently reported to control spider mite is a predatory mite native to Ethiopia. However, information on its ability to combine with other control measures is inadequate. This study was carried out to investigate its compatibility with two entomopathogenic fungi against T. urticae (Koch) under laboratory and glasshouse condition. Four fungal isolates: 9609, GG, MM and PPRC6 with four levels of conidial concentrations: 106, 107, 108 and 109conidia/ml were used as treatments. Amblyseius californicus motiles were recorded at four, six and eight days after application. Among conidial concentrations tested, MM x 107 and MM x 108 conidia/ml are showed no detrimental effect on A.californicus during all exposure time compared to others higher conidial concentrations during laboratory trial; thus they were combined with A.californicus to check their effect against T. urticae in greenhouse condition. Alive mite’s motiles were recorded for data analyses. Under greenhouse, during 6th and 8th days MM x 107 conidia/ml + 5:50 (A.californicus: T. urticae) ratio reduced numbers of T. urticae population by 44.37 and 43.33% respectively compared to untreated (0.01% Tween 80 solution alone) while population of T.urticae was reduced by 21.6 and 22.83% at A.californicas alone compared to untreated control. Therefore, from the present study the combination of MM x 107 conidia/ml + 5:50 (A.californicus: T. urticae) were found best for controlling spider mites populations under greenhouse conditions without adverse effect on A.californicus.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016)
Warum Astrologie nicht funktionieren kann
Creators: name: Freistetter, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There exists many different versions of astrology that are different from each other and sometimes even in conflict with each other. But the basis of every astrological system is the assumption of a connection between the motion of celestial bodies and the fate of man. An analysis of the methods of astrology shows that - regardless of which special system is used - there exists no consistent basis that allows to deduce general and verifiable rules. An astrological analysis is therefore always arbitrary and meaningless. Astrology does not work. ----- Astrologie existiert in vielen verschiedenen Versionen die sich oft deutliche voneinander unterscheiden und sogar widersprechen. Allen gemeinsam ist aber die grundlegende Annahme eines Zusammenhangs zwischen der Bewegung der Himmelskörper und dem Schicksal der Menschen. Eine Analyse der astrologischen Methodik zeigt, dass sie - egal in welcher konkreten Ausprägung - über keine in sich schlüssige Grundlage verfügt, anhand der sich allgemeingültige und überprüfbare Regeln für die astrologische Arbeit ableiten lassen. Die astrologische Deutung bleibt somit beliebig. Astrologie funktioniert nicht.
description: 6 pages, in german Talk, given at the symposium "Himmel: Wunschbild und Weltverstaendnis" (19/20. Nov. 2010 at Universitaet Tuebingen)
The Principal Pipeline: How Elementary School Principals Perceive Student-Centered Leadership to Impact Teaching Practice
Creators: name: Drefko, Tracy J.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instructional Leadership
subject: shared vision
subject: quality teaching
subject: leading professional learning
subject: relational trust
subject: Education--Administration
subject: Education--Elementary

description: Student-centered leadership, as defined by Viviane Robinson, is an approach to instructional leadership that puts student outcomes at the center of school leadership work. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate how elementary school principals perceived they enacted four aspects of student-centered leadership and how these actions were perceived to impact teaching practices in their schools. Through semi-structured interviews with three principals, data was generated about leadership actions perceived to facilitate professional learning and impact teaching practice. Focus group interviews with teachers from each of the three principal’s schools and documents contributed by all participants were also examined. Analysis of the data from all three sources revealed eleven common leadership actions that are illustrated through deeper, richer descriptions of the instructional leadership provided by the three principals. The study’s illumination of eleven specific student-centered leadership actions and their perceived impact on teaching practice will contribute to professional knowledge and offer transferable insights to other school leaders as they enact leadership practices to facilitate professional learning and quality teaching within their buildings.
Good jobs, bad jobs, and trade liberalization
Creators: name: Davis, Donald R.
name: Harrigan, James
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Labor economics

description: Globalization threatens "good jobs at good wages", according to overwhelming public sentiment. Yet professional discussion often rules out such concerns a priori. We instead offer a framework to interpret and address these concerns. We develop a model in which monopolistically competitive firms pay efficiency wages, and these firms differ in both their technical capability and their monitoring ability. Heterogeneity in the ability of firms to monitor effort leads to different wages for identical workers - good jobs and bad jobs - as well as equilibrium unemployment. Wage heterogeneity combines with differences in technical capability to generate an equilibrium size distribution of firms. As in Melitz (2003), trade liberalization increases aggregate efficiency through a firm selection effect. This efficiency-enhancing selection effect, however, puts pressure on many "good jobs", in the sense that the high-wage jobs at any level of technical capability are the least likely to survive trade liberalization. In a central case, trade raises the average real wage but leads to a loss of many "good jobs" and to a steady-state increase in unemployment.
Additional file 1 of Effect of voluntary breathing exercises on stable coronary artery disease in heart rate variability and rate-pressure product: a study protocol for a single-blind, prospective, randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Wu, Qing
name: Liu, Lin
name: Jiang, Xin
name: Hu, Yao-Yao
name: Liang, Qiu-Shi
name: He, Zhi-Song
name: Xue, Yuan
name: Zhu, Wei
name: Tang, Zai-Xiang
name: Hou, Yun-Ying
name: Zhao, Qi
name: Wang, Xiao-Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
The Wage Arrears Crisis in Russia
Creators: name: Desai, Padma B.
name: Idson, Todd
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Labor economics

description: In this paper, we propose an analytical framework suggesting that wage nonpayment in the Russian state sector and privatized factories, which resulted from acute cash flow problems in both, reflected an implicit contract among the government, managers and labor against worker layoff. We analyze the impact of wage nonpayment on workers grouped by demographic features, occupation and job location on the basis of a panel data set covering the years 1994 to 1996. Based on a multivariate specification that incorporates these features, we find that the frequency and amount of wage withholding increased sharply in 1996. While wages were denied less frequently and in lower amounts to low paid workers by age, occupation and location, this pattern(for which we find a correlation between the frequency of wage nonpayment and wage level at the regional level), needs to be confirmed with further statistical tests. While the practice of wage nonpayment tended to push families into poverty and increase their expectation of living in poverty in the immediate future, it also raised the likelihood of workers holding additional jobs and undertaking informal paid activity. At the same time, the frequency and magnitude of barter payments to workers in our sample were not sufficient to exercise a significant effect in mitigating the adverse effects of wage arrears.
Extended Poincaré supersymmetry in three dimensions and supersymmetric anyons
Creators: name: Chaichian, M.
name: Tureanu, A.
name: Zhang, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We classify the unitary representations of the extended Poincaré supergroups in three dimensions. Irreducible unitary representations of any spin can appear, which correspond to supersymmetric anyons. Our results also show that all irreducible unitary representations necessarily have physical momenta. This is in sharp contrast to the ordinary Poincaré group in three dimensions, that admits in addition irreducible unitary representations with non-physical momenta, which are discarded on physical grounds.
description: 7 pages; commentaries added in Sect. IV A and in Conclusion; added references
Constrained Hyperbolic Divergence Cleaning for Smoothed Particle Magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: Tricco, Terrence S.
name: Price, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a constrained formulation of Dedner et al's hyperbolic/parabolic divergence cleaning scheme for enforcing the \nabla\dot B = 0 constraint in Smoothed Particle Magnetohydrodynamics (SPMHD) simulations. The constraint we impose is that energy removed must either be conserved or dissipated, such that the scheme is guaranteed to decrease the overall magnetic energy. This is shown to require use of conjugate numerical operators for evaluating \nabla\dot B and \nablaψ in the SPMHD cleaning equations. The resulting scheme is shown to be stable at density jumps and free boundaries, in contrast to an earlier implementation by Price & Monaghan (2005). Optimal values of the damping parameter are found to be σ = 0.2-0.3 in 2D and σ = 0.8-1.2 in 3D. With these parameters, our constrained Hamiltonian formulation is found to provide an effective means of enforcing the divergence constraint in SPMHD, typically maintaining average values of h |\nabla\dot B| / |B| to 0.1-1%, up to an order of magnitude better than artificial resistivity without the associated dissipation in the physical field. Furthermore, when applied to realistic, 3D simulations we find an improvement of up to two orders of magnitude in momentum conservation with a corresponding improvement in numerical stability at essentially zero additional computational expense.
description: 28 pages, 25 figures, accepted to J. Comput. Phys. Movies at http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL215D649FD0BDA466 v2: fixed inverted figs 1,4,6, and several color bars
Program evaluation as a decision problem
Creators: name: Dehejia, Rajeev H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: I argue for thinking of program evaluation as a decision problem. There are two steps. First, a counselor determines which program (treatment or control) each individual joins, based for example on maximizing the probability of employment or expected earnings. Second, the policymaker decides whether: to assign all individuals to treatment or to control, or to allow the counselor to choose. This framework has two advantages. Individualized assignment rules (known as profiling) can raise the average impact, improving cost effectiveness by exploiting treatment-impact heterogeneity. Second, it accounts systematically for inequality and uncertainty, and the policymaker's attitude toward these, in the evaluation.
Interactions between Serum Albumin Proteins and Polystyrene Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Bishop, Amanda Iris
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nanoparticles
subject: serum albumin proteins
subject: polystyrene nanoparticles
subject: protein corona
subject: two-photon excitation
subject: Education--Sciences

description: Nanoparticles (NPs) have become increasingly popular for several applications, especially regarding biomedical applications because of their unique properties. However, when a nanoparticle enters a biological medium, it is thought to become encapsulated in proteins and other biomolecules in a coating termed a “protein corona.” This coating is significant as it can change the identity and surface properties of the nanoparticle, thus affecting its fate within the biological medium. Studies on the formation of NP-protein complexes have been ongoing for years although the interactions are still not fully understood due to their dynamics and complexity. As a result, this hinders the use of NPs to their full potential in biomedical applications. The studies performed in this thesis analyze the interactions of fluorescent polystyrene nanoparticles (FS) of two different sizes with bovine serum albumin proteins (BSA) by the technique of Two-Photon Excitation Cross-correlation Spectroscopy (TPE-FCCS). These interactions were explored both thermodynamically and kinetically to gain insight into the formation of the early hard corona and the kinetics of the formation of the BSA-FS complexes. The results suggested very low binding ratios and a mechanism of protein association dependent on the size of the sphere present in solution. The results also suggested an irreversible formation of BSA-FS complexes, in which the BSA appears to stack at the surface of the FS. These findings are significant as they challenge the current beliefs on the formation of a protein corona and perceived monolayer formation, and furthermore, provides a deeper understanding of NP-protein interactions.
Is there evidence against the induced demand hypothesis? Explaining the large reduction in cesarean rates
Creators: name: Das, Mitali
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: The induced demand model postulates that physicians respond to adverse income shocks by electing to perform more remunerative procedures. Recent work verifies the predictions of this model, finding a strong shift away from natural deliveries to the more highly reimbursed cesarean delivery in response to exogenous reductions in the fertility rate between 1970-1982. In light of this, the 10.1 percent reduction in fertility rates and contemporaneous 13.3 percent decline in cesarean rates between 1989-1996 appears to contradict the induced demand hypothesis. This paper reconciles the observed phenomenon by examining the role of the dramatic growth in managed care activity in this time period. We argue that while the inducement effect of declining fertility was pervasive in this period, its effect on cesarean rates was offset by the dramatic growth in managed care beginning in the late 1980s. Central to our argument is the removal of physician financial incentives in delivery choice under managed care. Using county-level data for a subset of this time period and instrumental variables estimators, we find a strong negative association between managed care growth and cesarean rates that persists despite controls for fertility, birth severity, risk factors, demographics, state fixed effects and hospital characteristics.
Theory of rigid-plane phonon modes in layered crystals
Creators: name: Michel, K. H.
name: Verberck, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lattice dynamics of low-frequency rigid-plane modes in metallic (graphene multilayers, GML) and in insulating (hexagonal boron-nitride multilayers, BNML) layered crystals is investigated. The frequencies of shearing and compression (stretching) modes depend on the layer number ${\EuScript N}$ and are presented in the form of fan diagrams. The results for GML and BNML are very similar. In both cases only the interactions (van der Waals and Coulomb) between nearest-neighbor planes are effective, while the interactions between more distant planes are screened. A comparison with recent Raman scattering results on low-frequency shear modes in GML [Tan {\it et al.}, arXiv:1106.1146v1 (2011)] is made. Relations with the low-lying rigid-plane phonon dispersions in the bulk materials are established. Master curves which connect the fan diagram frequencies for any given ${\EuScript N}$ are derived. Static and dynamic thermal correlation functions for rigid-layer shear and compression modes are calculated. The results might be of use for the interpretation of friction force experiments on multilayer crystals.