cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Porous Organic Cage Membranes for Versatile Molecular Separations
Creators: name: He, Ai
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Membranes with excellent permeance and high selectivity offer an attractive route to molecular separations because technologies such as distillation and chromatography are energy-intensive. However, it remains challenging to fine-tune the structure and porosity in membranes so that they can effectively separate similar-sized molecules. In this thesis, a series of porous organic cage (POC) based membranes have been fabricated via different approaches to investigate the possibility of making membranes with excellent performance using POC as building blocks. In Chapter 3, the fabrication of composite membranes that comprise crystalline POC films have been fabricated by a novel interfacial synthesis approach on a polyacrylonitrile support (CC3-PAN). These membranes are continuous, crystalline, and exhibited ultrafast solvent permeance (including 177.3 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1 for acetone, 147.5 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1 for acetonitrile, 136.9 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1 for hexane, 55.9 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1 for toluene, and 42.9 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1 for water), and high rejection of organic dyes with molecular weights over 585 g∙mol-1. Other synthetic strategies were used to prepare the CC3 membranes, including spin-coating, casting, in-situ synthesis, and sonochemistry, and the obtained membranes showed different crystallinity and separation performance. Unlike the crystalline CC3 membranes, amorphous CC3 membranes fabricated via spin-coating have demonstrated the molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) shifts to ~400 g·mol-1. The crystalline CC3-PAN membrane discussed in Chapter 3 is dynamic, and its non-covalent structure could be switched using a solvent. The results presented in Chapter 4 demonstrate that the pore aperture of CC3-PAN can be switched in methanol to generate larger pores that provide increased methanol permeance and higher MWCO (1400 g∙mol-1). By varying the water/methanol ratio, the membrane can be switched between two phases that have different selectivities, such that a single, ‘smart’ crystalline membrane can perform graded molecular sieving. This effect has been exemplified by separating three organic dyes in a single-stage, single-membrane process. In Chapter 5, a series of thin-film composite membranes comprising a cage nanofilm separating layer have been fabricated at an aqueous–organic interface, using a series of reduced amine functionalised POCs cages. The obtained nanofilms were continuous and robust with an ultrathin thickness.
Non-Hermitian Hamiltonian for a Modulated Jaynes-Cummings Model with PT Symmetry
Creators: name: Bagarello, Fabio
name: Lattuca, Margherita
name: Passante, Roberto
name: Rizzuto, Lucia
name: Spagnolo, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two-level system such as a two-level atom, interacting with a cavity field mode in the rotating wave approximation, when the atomic transition frequency or the field mode frequency is periodically driven in time. We show that in both cases, for an appropriate choice of the modulation parameters, the state amplitudes in a generic $n${-}excitation subspace obey the same equations of motion that can be obtained from a \emph{static} non-Hermitian Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian with ${\mathcal PT}$ symmetry, that is with an imaginary coupling constant. This gives further support to recent results showing the possible physical interest of ${\mathcal PT}$ symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. We also generalize the well-known diagonalization of the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian to the non-Hermitian case in terms of pseudo-bosons and pseudo-fermions, and discuss relevant mathematical and physical aspects.
description: 9 pages
(100059) Annie Margarete Hodgson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
LA PROTEZIONE DELLA POPOLAZIONE CIVILE NEI TERRITORI OCCUPATI TRA DIRITTO INTERNAZIONALE UMANITARIO E DIRITTI UMANI
Creators: name: FAVUZZA, FEDERICA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: This PhD thesis deals with the protection of the civilian population in occupied territories. After defining the notion of 'military occupation? in the light of recent practice of both States and international organizations, as well as analysing the relevant provisions of International Humanitarian Law (IHL), the research focuses on the extraterritorial application of International Human Rights Law (IHRL) and the interplay between IHL and IHRL in occupied territories. The aim is to ascertain how to reconcile these two legal regimes whenever a conflict of norms arises, as in the case of the tension between internment of civilians in time of occupation (Art. 78 IVGC) and the right to personal liberty enshrined in human rights treaties (Art. 9 ICCPR and Art. 5 ECHR).
Enhanced Epithelial Gene Transfer by Modulation of Tight Junctions with Sodium Caprate
Creators: name: Johnson, Larry
name: Coyne, Carolyn
name: Boucher, Richard
name: Kelly, Miriam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: The airway epithelium is resistant to infection by gene transfer vectors when infected from the luminal surface. One strategy for enhancing airway epithelial gene transfer is to modify paracellular permeability, thereby permitting the diffusion of vectors to the basolateral surface, where uptake receptors are expressed. We investigated the ability of a medium-chain fatty acid known to enhance drug absorption, sodium caprate (C10), to increase airway paracellular permeability in comparison with ethyleneglycol-bis-( β -aminoethyl ether)-N,N′ -tetraacetic acid (EGTA). Apical application of C10 decreased transepithelial resistance by > 90% within minutes, whereas EGTA required an hour or more to produce a similar effect. C10 increased mannitol and dextran permeability by sevenfold, as compared with a twofold increase produced by EGTA. A greater enhancement of adenoviral lacZ gene transfer was mediated by C10 (50-fold over controls) than by EGTA (10-fold over controls). This correlated with a significant enhan...
Advances on the global human settlement layer by joint assessment of earth observation and population survey data
Creators: name: Pesaresi, Martino
name: Schiavina, Marcello
name: Politis, Panagiotis
name: Freire, Sergio
name: Krasnodębska, Katarzyna
name: Uhl, Johannes H.
name: Carioli, Alessandra
name: Corbane, Christina
name: Dijkstra, Lewis
name: Florio, Pietro
name: Friedrich, Hannah K.
name: Gao, Jing
name: Leyk, Stefan
name: Lu, Linlin
name: Maffenini, Luca
name: Mari-Rivero, Ines
name: Melchiorri, Michele
name: Syrris, Vasileios
name: Van Den Hoek, Jamon
name: Kemper, Thomas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) project fosters an enhanced, public understanding of the human presence on Earth. A decade after its inception in the Digital Earth 2020 vision, GHSL is an established project of the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre and an integral part of the Copernicus Emergency Management Service. The 2023 GHSL edition, a result of rigorous research on Earth Observation data and population censuses, contributes significantly to understanding worldwide human settlements. It introduces new elements like 10-m-resolution, sub-pixel estimation of built-up surfaces, global building height and volume estimates, and a classification of residential and non-residential areas, improving population density grids. This paper evaluates GHSL’s key components, including the Symbolic Machine Learning approach, using novel reference data. These data enable a comparative assessment of GHSL model predictions on the evolution of built-up surface, building heights, and resident population. Empirical evidence suggests that GHSL estimates are the most accurate in the public domain today (e.g. IoU 0.98 water class, 0.92 built-up class, 0.8 non-residential class, 6% MAE for the 100 m built-up surface or 2.27 m MAE for the building height, 83% TAA for resident population). The paper consolidates GHSL’s theoretical foundation and highlights its innovative features for transparent Artificial Intelligence, facilitating international decision-making processes.
Culture Wars and Opinion Polarization: The Case of Abortion
Creators: name: Sobel, Michael E.
name: Mouw, Ted
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Recent observers have pointed to a growing polarization within the U.S. public over politicized moral issues-the so-called culture wars. DiMaggio, Evans, and Bryson studied trends over the past 25 years in American opinion on a number of critical social issues, finding little evidence of increased polarization; abortion is the primary exception. However, their conclusions are suspect because they treat ordinal or nominal scales as interval data. This article proposes new methods for studying polarization using ordinal data and uses these to model the National Election Study (NES) abortion item. Whereas the analysis of this item by DiMaggio et al. points to increasing polarization of abortion attitudes between 1972 and 1994, this article's analyses of these data offers little support for this conclusion and lends weight to their view that recent concerns over polarization are overstated.
Residential Segregation and Interracial Friendship in Schools
Creators: name: Mouw, Ted
name: Entwisle, Barbara
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: This article uses social network and spatial data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) to examine the effect of racial residential segregation on school friendship segregation in the United States. The use of hierarchical models allows the authors to simultaneously estimate the effects of race, within-school residential segregation, and school diversity on friendship choice using the Add Health data. The authors use these results to predict the decline in friendship segregation that would occur if across- and within-school residential segregation were eliminated in U.S. metropolitan areas. The results suggest that about a third of the level of racial friendship segregation in schools is attributable to residential segregation. Most of this effect is the result of residential segregation across schools rather than within them.
(100062) Edith Kathleen Oliver
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Equation of state of dark energy in f(R) gravity
Creators: name: Takahashi, Kazufumi
name: Yokoyama, Jun'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: f(R) gravity is one of the simplest generalizations of general relativity, which may explain the accelerated cosmic expansion without introducing a cosmological constant. Transformed into the Einstein frame, a new scalar degree of freedom appears and it couples with matter fields. In order for f(R) theories to pass the local tests of general relativity, it has been known that the chameleon mechanism with a so-called thin-shell solution must operate. If the thin-shell constraint is applied to a cosmological situation, it has been claimed that the equation-of-state parameter of dark energy w must be extremely close to -1. We argue this is due to the incorrect use of the Poisson equation which is valid only in the static case. By solving the correct Klein-Gordon equation perturbatively, we show that a thin-shell solution exists even if w deviates appreciably from -1.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Changing Patterns of Income Inequality in U.S. Counties, 1970–2000
Creators: name: Nielsen, François
name: Moller, Stephanie
name: Alderson, Arthur S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The upswing in economic inequality that has affected a number of advanced industrial societies in the late 20th century has been particularly conspicuous in the United States. The authors explore its causes using data on the distribution of family income in 3,098 U.S. counties in 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000. The authors build a model of within-county income inequality that assumes that distribution processes involving labor market and sociodemographic variables operate primarily at the county level and those involving the political and institutional context operate primarily at the state level. Multilevel methods are used to distinguish county cross-sectional, state cross-sectional, and longitudinal effects on inequality. The authors find that, when features of the state-level institutional and political context are associated with inequality, these effects are larger longitudinally than cross-sectionally. A range of other factors, including economic development, labor force changes, shifts in the racial/ethnic and gender composition of the labor force, educational expansion, and urbanization are found to have comparatively large effects, both longitudinally and cross-sectionally.
Language: A Catalyst for Cultural and Scientific Innovations
Creators: name: Ene,, Martina
Publisher: name: GO JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Language, innovation, linguistic diversity, cultural evolution, knowledge transfer, language technologies, sustainability, global communication

description: Language is a key driver of both cultural evolution and scientific innovation. This paper explores the complex relationship between language and innovation across diverse domains. It begins by highlighting language’s essential role in human communication and its function in transmitting cultural knowledge across generations. The discussion emphasizes the positive impact of linguistic diversity on fostering cognitive flexibility and problem-solving abilities, particularly among multilingual individuals. Additionally, the paper examines how language facilitates knowledge transfer in scientific innovations, enabling effective collaboration among researchers. It also explores the influence of linguistic diversity on cultural practices and identity formation within communities. The role of language technologies in breaking down barriers to global communication is addressed, along with the importance of preserving indigenous languages to promote cultural autonomy. Finally, the paper envisions future interdisciplinary approaches that harness language for sustainable innovation, emphasizing its critical role in addressing global challenges. Overall, the paper underscores language’s pivotal contribution to progress and inclusive development in a connected world
(100058) Herbert Le Neve Foster
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Manipulating quantum wave packets via time-dependent absorption
Creators: name: Goussev, Arseni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A pulse of matter waves may dramatically change its shape when traversing an absorbing barrier with time-dependent transparency. Here we show that this effect can be utilized for controlled manipulation of spatially-localized quantum states. In particular, in the context of atom-optics experiments, we explicitly demonstrate how the proposed approach can be used to generate spatially shifted, split, squeezed and cooled atomic wave packets. We expect our work to be useful in devising new interference experiments with atoms and molecules and, more generally, to enable new ways of coherent control of matter waves.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Leadership, Membership, and Voice: Civic Associations That Work
Creators: name: Lim, Chaeyoon
name: Baggetta, Matthew
name: Han, Hahrie
name: Andrews, Kenneth T.
name: Ganz, Marshall
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Why are some civic associations more effective than others? The authors introduce a multidimensional framework for analyzing the effectiveness of civic associations in terms of public recognition, member engagement, and leader development. Using original surveys of local Sierra Club organizations and leaders, the authors assess prevailing explanations in organization and movement studies alongside a model highlighting leadership and internal organizational practices. Although available resources and favorable contexts matter, the core findings show that associations with more committed activists, that build organizational capacity, that carry out strong programmatic activity, and whose leaders work independently, generate greater effectiveness across outcomes.
Enhancing the Nutritive Value of Low-Quality Roughages: Methods and Treatments
Creators: name: R. Prem Kumar1, G. Chaitanya2, B.V.S. Bhavya Charitha1, B. Jaya Madhuri3, Deepthi Chandaka1, M. Hima Bindu4 and A. Shilpa Sree5
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: This article outlines methods to improve the feeding value of poor-quality roughages through supplementation, physical and chemical treatments, and biological approaches. Supplementation with urea, molasses, and legume straws corrects nutrient deficiencies, while treatments like chopping, grinding, and NaOH or ammonia application enhance digestibility. Urea treatment, in particular, is cost-effective, increasing protein content and promoting livestock growth. Biological methods, such as using enzymes and white-rot fungi, further degrade lignin, making nutrients more accessible to animals.
Replacing Members with Managers? Mutualism among Membership and Nonmembership Advocacy Organizations in the United States
Creators: name: McCarthy, John D.
name: Walker, Edward T.
name: Baumgartner, Frank
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Associations with a professional staff but no members (nonmembership advocacy organizations, or NMAOs) are the subject of lively debate. Many argue that their proliferation has allowed an expansion of advocacy without an accompanying growth in civic engagement. This article asks if there has been significant recent growth of NMAOs and if those organizations have displaced membership advocacy organizations (MAOs). The authors find no evidence for a proportional increase of NMAOs since the 1960s. Further, among all organizations in three populationspeace, women's issues, and human rightsNMAOs have not displaced MAOs. In particular, the authors find that MAO density shapes NMAO founding, as membership groups provide a base for professional advocacy. These findings challenge the notion that U.S. civic life has undergone a systemic transformation away from organizational forms that promote civic engagement.
Constrained Flavor Breaking
Creators: name: Appelquist, Thomas
name: Bai, Yang
name: Piai, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore predictive flavor models based on subgroups of the standard-model $SU(3)^5$ flavor symmetry. Restricting to products of $SU(3)$, we find that a global $SU(3)^3$ flavor symmetry, broken only by two Yukawa spurions, leads to a relation among down-type quark, up-type quark and charged-lepton Yukawa matrices: $Y_d \propto Y_u Y_e^\dagger$. As a result, the charged-lepton mass ratios are expressed in terms of quark mass ratios and mixing angles. Large leptonic mixing angles appear to be natural and lead to contributions to flavor-changing neutral currents in the charged-lepton sector, which can be tested in future precision experiments.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures; accepted version for PRD
title: Αστικοί μετασχηματισμοί στην Αγία Τριάδα Ηρακλείου. Χωρικές και κοινωνικές συρραφές
title: Urban transformations in Agia Triada Heraklion. Spatial and social mendings
Creators: name: Καστρινακης Χρηστος
name: Κορκιδης Γιαννης
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Η Αγία Τριάδα, ίσως το πιο υποβαθμισμένο τμήμα της Παλιάς πόλης του Ηρακλείου, μια γειτονιά με έντονο το αίσθημα της εγκατάλειψης. Αποτελεί τόπο διαμονής ευάλωτων κοινωνικά ομάδων και χαρακτηρίζεται απο την πλήρη έλλειψη συνεκτικότητας, τόσο μεταξύ του σύνθετου κτιριακού της αποθέματος, οσο και μεταξύ των επιμέρους υποπεριοχών της. Οι επεμβάσεις τοποθετούνται στα πιο νευραλγικά σημεία του εσωτερικού της περιοχής. Επιδιώκουν να αποκαταστήσουν τον δημόσιο χώρο και να μετασχηματίσουν τις υφιστάμενες αστικές συνθήκες, λειτουργώντας ως άρθρωση μεταξύ κτιριακών και κοινωνικών ανομιογενειών. Σε μια πολή, όπου ο δημόσιος χώρος συρρικνώνεται συνεχώς, προτείνεται η επανασχεδίαση του αστικού περιβάλλοντος με νέες πλατείες, πεζόδρομους, δημόσια και ημιδημόσια περάσματα. Τα παραπάνω ενισχύονται με τη δημιουργία μιας σχολής παραδοσιακών επαγγελμάτων, ενός συγκροτήματος φοιτητικών εστιών, ενός νηπιαγωγείου και διαφόρων πολυχώρων, που στοχεύουν να ενεργοποιήσουν και να εμπλουτίσουν το αξιόλογο ανενεργό κτιριακό δυναμικό της περιοχής, δημιουργώντας κόμβους κοινωνικής τριβής.
On the possible environmental effect in distributing heavy elements beyond individual gaseous halos
Creators: name: Johnson, Sean D.
name: Chen, Hsiao-Wen
name: Mulchaey, John S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of extended galaxy halo gas through HI and OVI absorption over two decades in projected distance at $z\approx0.2$. The study is based on a sample of $95$ galaxies from a highly complete ($ > 80\%$) survey of faint galaxies ($L > 0.1L_*$) with archival quasar absorption spectra and $53$ galaxies from the literature. A clear anti-correlation is found between HI (OVI) column density and virial radius normalized projected distance, $d/R_{\rm h}$. Strong HI (OVI) absorption systems with column densities greater than $10^{14.0}$ ($10^{13.5}$) cm$^{-2}$ are found for $48$ of $54$ ($36$ of $42$) galaxies at $d < \,R_{\rm h}$ indicating a mean covering fraction of $\langleκ_{\rm HI}\rangle=0.89$ ($\langleκ_{\rm OVI}\rangle=0.86$). OVI absorbers are found at $d\approx R_{\rm h}$, beyond the extent observed for lower ionization species. At $d/R_{\rm h}=1-3$ strong HI (OVI) absorption systems are found for only $7$ of $43$ ($5$ of $34$) galaxies ($\langleκ_{\rm HI}\rangle=0.16$ and $\langleκ_{\rm OVI}\rangle=0.15$). Beyond $d=3\,R_{\rm h}$, the HI and OVI covering fractions decrease to levels consistent with coincidental systems. The high completeness of the galaxy survey enables an investigation of environmental dependence of extended gas properties. Galaxies with nearby neighbors exhibit a modest increase in OVI covering fraction at $d>R_{\rm h}$ compared to isolated galaxies ($κ_{\rm OVI}\approx0.13$ versus $0.04$) but no excess HI absorption. These findings suggest that environmental effects play a role in distributing heavy elements beyond the enriched gaseous halos of individual galaxies. Finally, we find that differential HI and OVI absorption between early- and late-type galaxies continues from $d < R_{\rm h}$ to $d\approx3\,R_{\rm h}$.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. Published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
INTEGRABLE MULTIDIMENSIONAL COSMOLOGIES WITH MATTER AND A SCALAR FIELD
Creators: name: GENGO, MASSIMO MANUEL
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2019

description: The thesis discusses some integrable (i.e., explicitly solvable) cosmologies � la Robertson -Walker, with possibly non zero spatial curvature. In these models, the content of the universe consists of matter and of a scalar field. The expression "matter" is used in a broad sense, and includes as a special case the radiation; the considered matter has pressure p_m and density ?_m, related by an equation of state p_m = w ?_m, with w an arbitrary constant (w = 0 in the case of dust; w = 1/d in the case of a radiation gas). The scalar field is used as a model for the dark energy content of the universe, refining the standard cosmological constant model. (We recall the denomination of "quintessence", often used for a scalar field with this r�le.)
(100060) Silvanus Taylor Hingston Saunders
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Motivation as a Redemptive Management Tool in Tertiary Education for Smart Green School Programme
Creators: name: Veronica
name: Nnamdi, N. S. Ene (Ph. D.)
name: Hilda, Agusiobo (Ph. D.)
Publisher: name: GO JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Motivation, education, management, redemptive, circumstantial

description: The central forte in developmental society is realised as a residual product of motivational trajectory. It is sought ardently because it attends to the possibility of accomplishing the goals set for individuals, organisations and the society irrespective of circumstantial difficulties. It is this force which psychologically governs many of our actions and give substance to our achievements. Without motivation, carrying out major beneficial societal projects will be difficult to attain. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to investigate the extent the pursuit of motivation in a school environment can be considered as a redemptive management tool in tertiary education. This paper explored the multifaceted dimensions of motivation as a redemptive management tool in tertiary education delving into its advantages and the potential applications. It is a fact that motivation is a detailed and controlled use of resources to achieve goals, therefore this exploratory paper sought to elucidate the multifaceted impact of motivation as a redemptive forte in education and the strategic management approaches necessary for its successful integration in tertiary education
Exposure to Classroom Poverty and Test Score Achievement: Contextual Effects or Selection?
Creators: name: Lauen, Douglas Lee
name: Gaddis, S. Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: It is widely believed that impoverished contexts harm children. Disentangling the effects of family background from the effects of other social contexts, however, is complex, making causal claims difficult to verify. This study examines the effect of exposure to classroom poverty on student test achievement using data on a cohort of children followed from third through eighth grade. Cross-sectional methods reveal a substantial negative association between exposure to high-poverty classrooms and test scores; this association grows with grade level, becoming especially large for middle school students. Growth models, however, produce much smaller effects of classroom poverty exposure on academic achievement. Even smaller effects emerge from student fixed-effects models that control for time-invariant unobservables and from marginal structural models that adjust for observable time-dependent confounding. These findings suggest that causal claims about the effects of classroom poverty exposure on achievement may be unwarranted.
Design, synthesis, docking, and anticancer evaluations of new thiazolo[3,2-a] pyrimidines as topoisomerase II inhibitors
Creators: name: El-Zoghbi, Mona S.
name: El-Sebaey, Samiha A.
name: AL-Ghulikah, Hanan A.
name: Sobh, Eman A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: New thiazolopyrimidine derivatives 2, 3a-d, 4a-c, 5, 6a-c, and 7a,b were synthesised. All prepared compounds were evaluated by MTT cytotoxicity assay against three human tumour cell lines. Compounds 3c, 3d, 4c, 6a, 6b, and 7b exhibited potent to strong anticancer activity that was nearly comparable or superior to Doxorubicin. Compounds exhibiting significant cytotoxicity were further selected to study their inhibitory activity on the Topo II enzyme. Compound 4c was the most potent Topo II inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.23 ± 0.01 µM, which was 1.4-fold and 3.6-fold higher than the IC50 values of Etoposide and Doxorubicin. Furthermore, compound 4c showed significant cell cycle disruption and apoptosis on A549 cells compared to control cells. Molecular docking of the most active compounds illustrated proper fitting to the Topo II active site, suggesting that our designed compounds are promising candidates for the development of effective anticancer agents acting through Topo II inhibition.
(100056) Mary Elizabeth Trick
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Subgroups of continuous groups acting differentiably on the half-line
Creators: name: Plante, J.F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: We consider groups of diffeomorphisms of the closed half-line which fix only the end point. When the group is a Lie group it is isomorphic to a subgroup of the affine group. On the other hand, when the group is isomorphic to a discrete subgroup of a solvable Lie group it is topologically equivalent to a subgroup of the affine group.
Topological triviality of versal unfoldings of complete intersections
Creators: name: Damon, James
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: We obtain algebraic and geometric conditions for the topological triviality of versal unfoldings of weighted homogeneous complete intersections along subspaces corresponding to deformations of maximal weight. These results are applied: to infinite families of surface singularities in $C^4$ which begin with the exceptional unimodular singularities, to the intersection of pairs of generic quadrics, and to certain curve singularities.
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF STRESSED REPLICATION FORK INTERMEDIATES
Creators: name: BALDI, GIORGIO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2019

description: The DNA replication machinery encounters a number of obstacles while duplicating the genome, which put the replicative apparatus under stress. Cells have developed a number of mechanisms to overcome replication stress sources. However, in the presence of chronic stress, or after loss of key factors that help to deal with this stress, a range of deleterious events can occur. One of the main pathways implicated in DNA damage sensing and response is DNA damage checkpoint. When DNA replication fork progression is blocked, checkpoint activation ensures structural stability of the replisome components avoiding fork collapse and promoting, when possible, fast resumption of DNA replication. One of the hallmarks of replication stress is the accumulation single-stranded DNA at the replication forks. Here we used Atomic Force microscopy (AFM) and Electron Microscopy (EM)-based approaches to provide a detailed characterization of DNA lesions arising in the presence of replication stress imposed by interference with DNA polymerase activity in Xenopus laevis egg extract. We identified a number of intermediates induced by DNA polymerase inhibition, including replication forks containing ssDNA gaps and reversed forks (RVFs). Importantly, we directly correlated the presence and the length of ssDNA gaps at the replication fork junctions with the onset RVFs. Significantly, we identified one possible source of ssDNA gap accumulation at forks by showing that homologous recombination protein Rad51 is required for optimal function of Polymerase-alpha at stressed replication forks. To fulfill this function, Rad5/Pol-alpha interaction is likely to be important for stalled fork resumption. We also provided evidence that replication fork intermediates with persistent ssDNA gaps are converted into RVFs by Smarcal1 translocase, showing that this enzyme is among the most important fork remodelers that can trigger fork reversal upon fork stalling. We also showed that RVFs can trigger extensive Mre11 dependent DNA degradation upon replication stress in the absence of functional Rad51. Finally, we provided mechanistic insights into checkpoint regulation of RVFs levels through ATR, Smarcal1 and Rad51 regulation. Overall this provides structural and molecular insights into the metabolisms of replication forks under stressful conditions.
(100057) Muriel Hodgson Le Neve Foster
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The role of calcium channel drugs in lipopolysaccharide-induced oral cancer cell proliferation
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Rajdeep
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Introduction: Oral biofilms harbour Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial antigens—lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) respectively. LPS and alterations in calcium channels are known to influence oral cancer progression. Drugs that respectively activate or block these channels include the TRPV1 agonist capsaicin and ML218 HCl, a T-type voltage-gated calcium channel blocker. Hypothesis: Calcium channel drugs can reduce LPS-induced oral cancer cell proliferation. Method: Oral cancer cell lines SCC4, SCC9, SCC25 and CAL27, and the normal oral cell line OKF6 were used in this project. The level of calcium channel receptors expression was determined using qPCR. The effect on oral cancer cell proliferation of stimulation with LPS, LTA, ML218 HCl and capsaicin, either singly or in combination, was determined using MT Glo, trypan blue and clonogenic assays. RT-qPCR, phosphokinase array, western blot, TNF α ELISA and caspase-3/7 assays were employed to study proliferative and apoptotic pathways in bacterial antigen-stimulated oral cancer cells exposed to calcium channel drugs. Result: CAL27 showed higher Cav 3.3 (p ≤ 0.05), TRPV1 (by 20%) and lower Cav 3.1 (by 20%) expression than normal oral cells. Bacterial antigens stimulated CAL27 (p ≤ 0.001). CAL27 proliferation was lowest with treatment conditions involving ML218 HCl (p ≤ 0.001). Bacterial antigens and calcium channel drugs affected the expression of proliferation and tumour suppression factors (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: Bacterial antigens stimulate oral cancer cell proliferation, while calcium channel drugs reduce this effect. ML218 HCl may be a suitable drug for future treatment of oral cancer.
(100053) James Oliver
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Spin relaxation and donor-acceptor recombination of Se$^+$ in 28-silicon
Creators: name: Nardo, Roberto Lo
name: Wolfowicz, Gary
name: Simmons, Stephanie
name: Tyryshkin, Alexei M.
name: Riemann, Helge
name: Abrosimov, Nikolai V.
name: Becker, Peter
name: Pohl, Hans-Joachim
name: Steger, Michael
name: Lyon, Stephen A.
name: Thewalt, Mike L. W.
name: Morton, John J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Selenium impurities in silicon are deep double donors and their optical and electronic properties have been recently investigated due to their application for infrared detection. However, a singly-ionised selenium donor (Se$^{+}$) possesses an electron spin which makes it a potential candidate as a silicon-based spin qubit, with significant potential advantages compared to the more commonly studied group V donors. Here we study the electron spin relaxation ($T_1$) and coherence ($T_2$) times of Se$^{+}$ in isotopically purified 28-silicon, and find them to be up to two orders of magnitude longer than shallow group V donors at temperatures above $\sim 15$ K. We further study the dynamics of donor-acceptor recombination between selenium and boron, demonstrating that it is possible to control the donor charge state through optical excitation of neutral Se$^0$.
The versality discriminant and local topological equivalence of mappings
Creators: name: Damon, James
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: We will extend the infinitesimal criteria for the equisingularity (i.e. topological triviality) of deformations $f$ of germs of mappings $f_0 : k^s$, $0\rightarrow k^t$, $0$ to non-finitely determined germs (these occur generically outside the ``nice dimensions" for Mather, even among topologically stable mappings). The failure of finite determinacy is described geometrically by the ``versality discriminant", which is the set of points where $f_0$ is not stable (i.e. viewed as an unfolding it is not versal). The criterion asserts that algebraic filtration conditions on the infinitesimal deformations together with topological triviality of $f$ in a ``conical neighborhood" of the versality discriminant imply topological triviality of $f$ itself.
Cross-Order Integral Relations from Maximal Cuts
Creators: name: Johansson, Henrik
name: Kosower, David A.
name: Larsen, Kasper J.
name: Sogaard, Mads
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ABDK relation using maximal cuts of one- and two-loop integrals with up to five external legs. We show how to find a special combination of integrals that allows the relation to exist, and how to reconstruct the terms with one-loop integrals squared. The reconstruction relies on the observation that integrals across different loop orders can have support on the same generalized unitarity cuts and can share global poles. We discuss the appearance of nonhomologous integration contours in multivariate residues. Their origin can be understood in simple terms, and their existence enables us to distinguish contributions from different integrals. Our analysis suggests that maximal and near-maximal cuts can be used to infer the existence of integral identities more generally.
description: 58 pages, 19 figures; v2 references added
Smoothness and geometry of boundaries associated to skeletal structures I: sufficient conditions for smoothness
Creators: name: Damon, James
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: There are a number of constructions which begin with a (piecewise) smooth objct and associate it to a singular set which contains information regarding the relative position, geometry and shape for the original object. Examples are the "conflict set" (Maxwell set) associated to a parametrized family of smooth functions, the Voronoi set (skeleton) associated to a collection of regions with (piecewise) smooth boundaries, the caustic set for wave front evolution, and the shock set for hyperbolic equations. Several of these methods are used for analyzing shapes in computer imaging and vision, e.g. the Blum medial axis [BN], chordal locus of Brady and Asada, [BA] and arc-segment medial axis of Leyton [Le].
Nitrogen-induced Ferromagnetism in BaO
Creators: name: Rahman, Gul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density functional theory with local spin density approximation has been used to propose possible room temperature ferromagnetism in N-doped NaCl-type BaO. Pristine BaO is a wide bandgap semiconductor, however, N induces a large density of states at the Fermi level in the nonmagnetic state, which suggests magnetic instability within the Stoner mean field model. The spin-polarized calculations show that N-doped BaO is a true half- metal, where N has a large magnetic moment, which is mainly localized around the N atoms and a small polarization at the O sites is also observed. The origin of magnetism is linked to the electronic structure. The ferromagnetic(FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) coupling between the N atoms in BaO reveal that doping N atoms have a FM ground state, and the calculated transition temperature ($T_{C}$), within the Heisenberg mean field theory, theorizes possible room temperature FM in N-doped BaO. Nitrogen also induces ferromagnetism when doping occurs at surface O site and has a smaller defect formation energy than the bulk N-doped BaO. The magnetism of N-doped BaO is also compared with Co-doped BaO, and we believe that N has a greater potential for tuning magnetism in BaO than Co.
description: RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 33674
MIGRANT CONSTRUCTION WORKERS' TACTICS TO COPE WITH UNEMPLOYMENT DURING THE CRISIS : CASE STUDY ON ALBANIAN IMMIGRANTS IN MILAN AND ATHENS
Creators: name: DIMITRIADIS, IRAKLIS
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2017

description: This dissertation presents a comparative study of Albanian migrant construction workers in Italy and Greece. Using qualitative research methods, it explores the coping practices of first-generation Albanian migrants employed in the residential construction in Milan and Athens during the recent financial crisis. More specifically, this study focuses on the responses adopted by Albanian builders and their households to cope with high rates of unemployment in construction in both contexts. The research started on March 2015 and involved 16 months of fieldwork in Milan, Athens and Albania, where I mainly interviewed three categories of informants: workers, trade unionists and labour inspectors. The two case studies have mainly concentrated on three different aspects. First, the dissertation analysed the factors that ensure continuity in building trades, that is how Albanian migrants continue to get a job in residential construction. Second, it put emphasis on migrants? engagement in informal employment to understand whether and when such engagement may constitute an active response to cope with high unemployment rates. Third, beyond males' occupation in construction, it explored practices that migrants and their households developed in order to cope with crisis during the crisis.