cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Alvinonemertes tatjanae Sagorny & Döhren & Rouse & Tilic 2022, gen. et sp. nov.
Creators: name: Sagorny, Christina
name: Döhren, Jörn von
name: Rouse, Greg W.
name: Tilic, Ekin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nemertea
Pilidiophora
Heteronemertea
Lineidae
Alvinonemertes
Alvinonemertes tatjanae

description: Alvinonemertes tatjanae gen. et sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B3C2ABC6-34E6-497C-9A66-023A5751DC78
Fig. 8H
Diagnosis
Alvinonemertes tatjanae gen. et sp. nov. can be attributed to the genus Alvinonemertes gen. nov. based on the strong support for a sister group relationship between the five species of this genus.
Etymology
For Tatjana Bartz, lab technician at the Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Bonn. Acknowledging her support in the electron microscopy lab over many years. Tatjana has trained the last author in specimen preparation for transmission electron microscopy, for which he will ever be grateful.
Material examined
Holotype
USA • spec. (ethanol); Hydrate Ridge, Oregon margin; 44.670° N, 125.098° W; depth ca 618 m; 3 Aug. 2010; Victoria Orphan and José Patterson leg.; collected by HOV Alvin, Dive 4631; GenBank: ON186256, ON036047, ON021864, ON182041; SIO-BIC N119.
Description
Specimens 7–9 mm long and 0.7 mm in diameter. Body rounded. One pair of cephalic furrows. Head not demarcated from rest of body, rounded. Body pale red to pinkish with several red pigment spots distributed over body surface. Gonads and gut well visible through body wall (Fig. 8H).
Remarks
Alvinonemertes tatjanae gen. et sp. nov. is attributed to the genus Alvinonemertes gen. nov. based on the executed phylogenetic analyses. In the concatenated analysis, it is sister to the clade comprising A. christianeae gen. et sp. nov. and A. claudiae gen. et sp. nov. (Fig. 7).
description: Published as part of Sagorny, Christina, Döhren, Jörn von, Rouse, Greg W. & Tilic, Ekin, 2022, Cutting the ribbon: bathyal Nemertea from seeps along the Costa Rica margin, with descriptions of 2 new genera and 9 new species, pp. 132-174 in European Journal of Taxonomy 845 (1) on pages 158-159, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1959, http://zenodo.org/record/7258852
Proformica Ruzsky 1902
Creators: name: Galkowski, Christophe
name: Lebas, Claude
name: Wegnez, Philippe
name: Lenoir, Alain
name: Blatrix, Rumsaïs
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Proformica

description: Proformica Ruzsky, 1902
Nylander (1856) described P. nasuta, the type species of the genus, from Beaucaire. Our analyses assigned workers from the type locality and from two other localities within a radius of 10 km (Jonquières and Tarascon) to the orange taxon. They lack erect hairs on the mesosoma, agreeing with the description of Proformica nasuta by Nylander as “nuda”. Although the type is presumably lost (as it could not be found in the following collections: Nylander (Helsinki) (Radchenko 2007), Forel (Geneva), Emery (Genoa), Bondroit (Brussels) and Santschi (Basel)),we are confident that the nest samples we collected in Beaucaire and in the surrounding area correspond to the species described by Nylander. Below we provide a redescription of P. nasuta (the orange taxon), and the description of a new species, P. longipilosa sp. nov. (the blue taxon).
description: Published as part of Galkowski, Christophe, Lebas, Claude, Wegnez, Philippe, Lenoir, Alain & Blatrix, Rumsaïs, 2017, Redescription of Proformica nasuta (Nylander, 1856) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) using an integrative approach, pp. 1-40 in European Journal of Taxonomy 290 (290) on page 11, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.290, http://zenodo.org/record/345768
Noronhia randrianaivoi Hong-Wa 2016
Creators: name: Hong-Wa, Cynthia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Oleaceae
Noronhia
Noronhia randrianaivoi

description: 68. Noronhia randrianaivoi Hong-Wa, spec. nova (Fig. 52, 53).
Typus: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Toliara: Anosy, Fort-Dauphin, Ankarara, Tsimelahy, à 6 km à l’E du gite (bureau de l’ANGAP), 24°56’37’’S 46°39’10’’E, 227 m, 4.III.2008, Randrianaivo et al. 1564 (holo-: MO-6615567!; iso-: G [G00341626]!, P, TAN).
Diagnosis
Noronhia randrianaivoi Hong-Wa can be distinguished from other congeneric species by its short, non-woody petioles, its ovate leaves, its long, diffuse inflorescences, with cupuliform, red flowers.
Description
Shrubs; young twigs cylindrical, 0.7-0.8 mm diameter, glabrous; bark medium gray, smooth. Leaves opposite, persistent; bud scales deciduous; blades dark green above, lighter below, ovate, 4-6.5 3 2-3 cm, coriaceous, glabrous, domatia absent, base cordate, margin slightly revolute, apex acuminate, the acumen 3-4 mm long, midrib flat above, slightly raised below, secondary veins conspicuous mostly above, 6-8 per side, 5-10 mm apart, looping 2-3 mm from the margin; petiole green, 2 3 1-1.6 mm, not woody, glabrous. Thyrses solitary, pauciflorous, diffuse; peduncle 11-21 mm long, glabrous; pedicel 8-11 mm long, glabrous; calyx sparsely pubescent outside, glabrous inside, lobes triangular, 1-1.5 3 1-1.3 mm; corolla red, cupuliform, 5-7 mm long, glabrous on both sides, the tube 2-3 mm long, widely ovate, apex acute; corona present, 1.5 mm long, lobed; stamens 2 mm long, anthers widely oblong, 1.5 mm long; pistil 2.8 mm long, stigma capitate to bilobed. Fruits unseen.
Etymology
This name honors Richard Randrianaivo, a botanist at the Missouri Botanical Garden in Madagascar, for collecting the type specimen and for contributing to the knowledge of the Malagasy flora.
Distribution, ecology and phenology
Noronhia randrianaivoi occurs in mid-elevation transitional forests and basement rocks in Andohahela PN in southern Madagascar (Fig. 49). It has been collected in flowers in March.
Conservation status
Noronhia randrianaivoi is currently known only from a single collection made outside a protected area, where decline in habitat quality resulting from forest exploitation continues. With an AOO of just 4 km 2, a single location and projected continuing decline, N. randrianaivoi is assigned a preliminary status of “Critically Endangered” [CR B2(iii)].
Notes
Noronhia randrianaivoi is similar to N. ovalifolia, but can be distinguished by its nonwoody (vs. woody) petioles, thyrsoid inflorescences (vs. solitary flowers), and red (vs. pink) corolla. Distinguishing features of this species include short, non-woody petioles, ovate leaf blades, long, diffuse inflorescences, and cupuliform, red flowers.
description: Published as part of Hong-Wa, Cynthia, 2016, A taxonomic revision of the genus Noronhia Stadtm. ex Thouars (Oleaceae) in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands, pp. 1-292 in Boissiera 70 on page 220, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7599432
Obidosus evelineae Osvaldo Villarreal & Ludson Neves de Ázara & Kury 2019, new combination
Creators: name: Osvaldo Villarreal
name: Ludson Neves de Ázara
name: Kury, Adriano Brilhante
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Opiliones
Stygnidae
Obidosus
Obidosus evelineae

description: Obidosus evelineae (H. Soares and B. Soares, 1978) new combination
(Figure 9 (a,b))
Ideostygnus evelineae H. Soares and B. Soares 1978: 83 figs 1 – 15. Protimesius evelineae: Pinto-da-Rocha 1997: 280, figs 370 – 377, 541 – 542, 604; Kury, 2003: 230; Kury et al. 2010: 567.
Type data
³ lectotype (MNRJ-HS 597), 16 ³ 20 ♀ paralectotypes (MNRJ-HS 598), BRAZIL, Pará, Belém (01°27 ’ S, 48°29 ʹ W).
Records
BRAZIL, Maranhão, Imperatriz: Ribeirãozinho, Igarapé Paciência. Paraíba, Conde (Pinto-da -Rocha 1997). Tocantins, Lageado; Mateiros (Kury et al. 2010).
description: Published as part of Osvaldo Villarreal, Ludson Neves de Ázara & Kury, Adriano Brilhante, 2019, Revalidation of Obidosus Roewerı 1913 and description of two new cave-dwelling species of Protimesius Roewerı 1913 from Brazil (Opiliones: Stygnidae), pp. 965-989 in Journal of Natural History 53 (15) on pages 982-983, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019.1620893, http://zenodo.org/record/3673222
The Ecological Fallacy Revisited: Aggregate-Versus-Individual-Level Findings on Economics and Elections, and Sociotropic Voting
Creators: name: Kramer, Gerald H.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1981
Subjects: Voting, Voting behavior, Political partisanship, Time series, Aggregate income, Political science, Self interest, Well-being, Incumbents, Empirical evidence

description: Several aggregate-level studies have found a relationship between macroeconomic conditions and election outcomes, operating in intuitively plausible directions. More recent survey-based studies, however, have been unable to detect any comparable relationship operating at the individual-voter level. This persistent discrepancy is puzzling. One recently proposed explanation for it is that voters actually behave in an altruistic or "sociotropic" fashion, responding to economic events only as they affect the general welfare, rather than in terms of self-interested "pocketbook" considerations.
It is argued here that the discrepancies between the macro- and micro level studies are a statistical artifact, arising from the fact that observable changes in individual welfare actually consist of two unobservable components, a government-induced (and politically relevant) component, and an exogenous component caused by life-cycle and other politically irrelevant factors. It is shown that, because of this, individual level cross-sectional estimates of the effects of welfare changes on voting are badly biased and are essentially unrelated to the true values of the behavioral parameters of interest: they will generally be considerable underestimates and may even be of the wrong sign. An aggregate-level time-series analysis, on the other hand, will often yield reasonably good (if somewhat attenuated) estimates of the underlying individual-level effects of interest. Thus, in this case, individual behavior is best investigated with aggregate- rather than individual-level data.
It is also shown that the evidence for sociotropic voting is artifactual, in the sense that the various findings and evidence which ostensibly show sociotropic behavior are all perfectly compatible with the null hypothesis of self-interested, "pocketbook" voting.
description: This work was occasioned by a discussion at the Southern California Political Behavior Seminar. I am indebted to the seminar participants and also to J. Alt, P. Converse, M. Fiorina, D. Hibbs, M. Kousser, G. Marcus, P. Shively, E. Tufts, and especially to Rod Kiewiet for helpful comments and criticisms.

Published as Kramer, Gerald H. "The ecological fallacy revisited: Aggregate-versus individual-level findings on economics and elections, and sociotropic voting." American political science review 77.1 (1983): 92-111.
description: Submitted - sswp424.pdf
The Enforceability of Security Interests in Consumer Goods
Creators: name: Schwartz, Alan
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982
Subjects: Debtors, Creditors, Resale, Cartels, Creditor claims, Consumer goods, Automobiles, Market prices, Consumer credit, Security interests

description: Security interests in consumer goods have been extensively regulated, this regulation taking the principal forms either of prohibiting creditors from taking such interests at all or of deliberately reducing their attractiveness as risk reduction devices. The unique feature of this consumer protection regulation is that it is not justified by the usual unconscionability reasons, such as the existence of imperfect information, but rather by the view that security disadvantages consumers even though the contracts that create it may not be unconscionable. In particular, the institutional structure is considered to create incentives for secured creditors not to maximize the proceeds that repossessed collateral could yield, with the result that consumers remain liable for excessive debts even after foreclosure. Also, creditors are said to threaten repossession unfairly to coerce payment; repossession allegedly destroys consumer surplus; and it supposedly violates debtors' rights. This paper argues that these justifications for the regulation of security interests in consumer goods are untenable or unpersuasive. Contracts to give security actually pose problems similar in kind to those posed by any other consumer contract, and should be regulated, if at all, under the same rationales.
description: This paper was originally given as an Addison J. Harris lecture at Indiana University Law School (Bloomington). I am grateful for the extraordinary hospitality extended to me by the Indiana Law School, and for the useful comments its faculty made on a prior version of the paper. The paper also benefited from comments received at a seminar in Contract Theory held in the Berkeley Law School and at U. S. C. Law Center Faculty Workshop. In addition, Alan Axelrod, Melvin A. Eisenberg. Thomas Jackson, Will T. Jones, Michael Moore, Stephen J. Morse, Margaret Jane Radin, John Schmitz, Matthew Spitzer, James Strnad and Louis Wilde also made very helpful suggestions. Portions of this paper will appear in different form in A. Schwartz and R. Scott, Commercial Law: Principles and Policies (1982).

Published as Schwartz, Alan. "The Enforceability of Security Interests in Consumer Goods." The Journal of Law and Economics 26.1 (1983): 117-162.
description: Submitted - sswp423.pdf
title: Activité du port de Saint-Malo – 1688 – Groenland
Creators: name: :Unkn
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: produits manufacturés
subject: produits de la mer
subject: produits combustibles

description: Cette fiche est issue de l’enquête menée par Jean Delumeau sur l’activité du port de Saint-Malo au 17e et 18e siècle. Cette fiche correspond à l’activité de l’année 1688 avec le port "Groenland"
description: Marchandises au départ de Saint-Malo : ustensiles de pêche
description: Catégories de marchandises au départ de Saint-Malo : produits manufacturés
description: Marchandises arrivées à Saint-Malo : viande de baleine ; huile de baleine ; fanons de baleine
description: Catégories de marchandises arrivées à Saint-Malo : produits de la mer ; produits combustibles
description: Coverage: Grand commerce
description: Bibliographic citation: MONIMART, Jacques. Essai sur le trafic marchand de Saint-Malo en 1688 et 1689 : le commerce malouin à la veille et au début de la guerre de la Ligue d'Augsbourg. DES : Histoire : Rennes, s.d. (Bibliothèque François-Lebrun, MH 1004)
description: date: Date de numérisation : 2021 à 2023
description: created: Années 1950-1960
Bureaucratic (?) Failures: Causes and Cures
Creators: name: Fiorina, Morris P.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982

description: Bureaucracy is a traditional object of disparaging commentary, but in recent years it has received more than a proportionate share of popular and political criticism. Perceived problems of wasteful, unresponsive, power-hungry, and out-of-control bureaucracy have generated calls for across the board cut-backs in bureaucratic size and authority, as well as for various structural reforms designed to limit the activities of what is left after the pruning. This paper argues that much criticism of American bureaucracy is misplaced, and that attempts at structural tinkering are therefore doomed to fail. Too many critics of contemporary bureaucracy fail to understand that deeper political (usually Congressional) failures are the basic causes and bureaucratic failures often only symptoms. The single-member district electoral system, re-election seeking Congressmen, and the Congressional division of labor combine to produce a system in which apparent bureaucratic failures emerge as a by-product of efforts to generate political support. Structural reforms may be useful to contemplate, but they should address electoral and Congressional structures as well as if not more so than bureaucratic structures.
description: Forthcoming, Society 1982. [Uploader's note: does not appear to have been published.]
description: Submitted - sswp422.pdf
Obidosus jirau Osvaldo Villarreal & Ludson Neves de Ázara & Kury 2019, new combination
Creators: name: Osvaldo Villarreal
name: Ludson Neves de Ázara
name: Kury, Adriano Brilhante
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Opiliones
Stygnidae
Obidosus
Obidosus jirau

description: Obidosus jirau (Bragagnolo, 2013) new combination
Protimesius jirau Bragagnolo 2013: 288, figs 3 – 4.
Type data
³ holotype (MZSP 33199), 2 ³ 2 ♀ paratypes (MZSP 33119), 1 ³ 1 ♀ paratypes (MNRJ 7215), BRAZIL, Rondonia, Porto Velho, Caiçara.
description: Published as part of Osvaldo Villarreal, Ludson Neves de Ázara & Kury, Adriano Brilhante, 2019, Revalidation of Obidosus Roewerı 1913 and description of two new cave-dwelling species of Protimesius Roewerı 1913 from Brazil (Opiliones: Stygnidae), pp. 965-989 in Journal of Natural History 53 (15) on page 983, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019.1620893, http://zenodo.org/record/3673222
Transcription of P.Gen Lat. 6.
Creators: name: Marichal, Robert
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2015

description: vue 6
description: Transcriptions, drawings and photos.
description: Source: 4MAR_19_3.1-6
description: created: n. d.
Critical Elections in Historical Perspective
Creators: name: Lichtman, Allan J.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982

description: For a generation, the theory of critical elections has been a guiding research program for the study of American political history. As fashioned by such distinguished scholars as V. O. Key, Jr., Angus Campbell, Walter Dean Burnham, and Paul Allen Beck, critical election theory posits that American democracy follows an episodic pattern of change and stability. According to the prevailing wisdom, one or more critical elections periodically reorganize coalitions of voters, create new balances of party power, and introduce policy initiatives that respond to unmet needs. Realignments, in this view, are not historical accidents, but processes built into the dynamics of party identification and governmental structure in the United States.
Through a quantitative analysis of presidential election returns and party registration statistics (both measured for counties), this paper will challenge the application of critical election theory to the realignments of the 1890s and the 1930s. The results of analysis show that in neither case did shifts in the electorate follow the pattern predicted by realignment theory. It also reveals significant differences in each of the two periods that question the application of a single theory to historical distinct episodes of political change. The paper also presents a situational logic to account for the capacity of incumbent parties to sustain their power over extended periods of time.
description: Submitted - sswp420.pdf
Tetrastemma polyakovae Sagorny & Döhren & Rouse & Tilic 2022, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Sagorny, Christina
name: Döhren, Jörn von
name: Rouse, Greg W.
name: Tilic, Ekin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nemertea
Hoplonemertea
Monostilifera
Tetrastemmatidae
Tetrastemma
Tetrastemma polyakovae

description: Tetrastemma polyakovae sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0A69EED8-5057-4882-A12C-AB4FC69B7B63
Fig. 8M–N
Diagnosis
Tetrastemma polyakovae sp. nov. can be attributed to the genus Tetrastemma based on the strong support for a sister group relationship between the three species of this genus included in the analysis.
Etymology
For Dr Neonila E. Polyakova, in recognition of her contributions to the study of deep-sea nemerteans.
Material examined
Holotype
COSTA RICA • spec. (ethanol); methane seep Mound 12; 8.93030° N, 84.31260° W; depth 997 m; 24 Oct. 2018; Jorge Cortés and Oliver Ashford leg.; collected by HOV Alvin, Dive 4978; GenBank: ON186259, ON036056, ON021857, ON182051; SIO-BIC N258.
Paratype
COSTA RICA • 1 spec. (ethanol; entirely used up in DNA extraction; only image and DNA available); same collection data as for holotype; 8.93° N, 84.31° W; depth 996–999 m; GenBank: ON036057, ON021858, ON182050; MZUCR Nemertea Collection MZUCR-101-01 (ex SIO-BIC N255).
Description
Specimens 15 mm long and 1 mm in diameter. Body rounded. Two pairs of cephalic furrows. Head not demarcated from rest of body, rounded. Body coloration pale orange to brownish. Internal organs well visible through body wall (Fig. 8M–N).
Remarks
The new species is attributed to the genus Tetrastemma based on the executed phylogenetic analyses. This species is sister to Tetrastemma strandae sp. nov. (Fig. 7). Intraspecific pairwise p-distances are 2%, whereas interspecific distances between T. polyakovae sp. nov. and the two newly described species vary between 7% and 8%. Distance between this species and Tetrastemma stimpsoni is 12.5%.
description: Published as part of Sagorny, Christina, Döhren, Jörn von, Rouse, Greg W. & Tilic, Ekin, 2022, Cutting the ribbon: bathyal Nemertea from seeps along the Costa Rica margin, with descriptions of 2 new genera and 9 new species, pp. 132-174 in European Journal of Taxonomy 845 (1) on pages 161-162, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.845.1959, http://zenodo.org/record/7258852
Decentralization of Truthful Revelation and Other Decision Rules
Creators: name: Green, Edward J.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982

description: The revelation principle in welfare economics asserts that, in principle, the allocative performance of direct mechanisms (institutions in which an exhaustive report of privately held information is elicited from each agent) is at least as good as that of any other class of institutions. Recently it has been suggested that direct mechanisms may be of practical as well as theoretical importance, although in practice agents would supply only summary information. The distinction between the incentive properties of exhaustive and summary reporting is studied here. The problem of inducing a single person truthfully to report the value of a continuous multidimensional parameter is examined. It is shown that, unless strong restrictions are placed on the person's utility function, the incentive properties of truthful summary reporting about the parameter (e.g., reporting of its first coordinate) are extremely fragile. This assertion of fragility is given a precise statement in terms of topological notions.
description: Revised. Original dated to March 1982.
description: Submitted - sswp419_-_revised.pdf
Continuum and Finite-Player Noncooperative Models of Competition
Creators: name: Green, Edward J.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982
Subjects: Mathematical vectors, Topology, Economic theory, Game theory, Topological spaces, Topological theorems, Statistical theories, Mathematical functions, Economic models, Mathematical theorems

description: The anonymous interaction of large numbers of economic agents is a kind of noncooperative situation which is markedly different from small-numbers strategic conflict. The mathematical model of a nonatomic game, or a game with a continuum of players, has been introduced as a model for these many-agent situations on the basis that its equilibria should closely approximate those of games with large finite numbers of players. This paper contains a precise definition of what it means for a nonatomic game to be the limit of a sequence of finite-player games, and a theorem which states when the limit of equilibria of finite-player games will be an equilibrium of the nonatomic limit game. This is analogous to theorems prompted by Edgeworth's conjecture in core theory. It is derived from a general set of sufficient conditions for the graph of a noncooperative equilibrium correspondence to be closed.
description: I would like to thank Marcus Berliant, Donald Brown, Tatsuro Ichiishi, Ariel Rubenstein and Hugo Sonnenschein for their thoughtful comments on early drafts of this paper.

Published as Green, Edward J. "Continuum and finite-player noncooperative models of competition." Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society (1984): 975-993.
description: Submitted - sswp418.pdf
Log-Linear Analysis of Contingency Tables: An Introduction for Historians with an application to Thernstrom on the "Floating Proletariat"
Creators: name: Cox, Gary W.
name: Galenson, David W.
name: Kousser, J. Morgan
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982

description: For historians or other social scientists whose data is available in discreet (nominal- or ordinal-level) form, recently developed "log-linear" multivariate statistical techniques offer considerable advantages over commonsensical devices and are in many respects superior to such multivariate methods as multiple classification analysis, weighted least-squares, and logit. Reanalyzing Thernstrom's Boston data on geographic mobility, we explain the ideas behind and the procedure of log-linear analysis explicitly, step-by-step. Intended for people who are already somewhat familiar with statistics (say, through multiple regression), the paper is self-contained and as simple as we could make it. After reading it carefully, one should be well prepared to perform such an analysis himself. Substantively, we sketch a simple economic model which points to age as an important determinant of the decision to move or stay, and our results cast doubt on Thernstrom's tentatively offered notion of a "floating proletariat."
description: Published as Kousser, J. Morgan, Gary W. Cox, and David W. Galenson. "Log-linear analysis of contingency tables: An introduction for historians with an application to Thernstrom on the "Floating Proletariat"." Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History 15.4 (1982): 152-169.
description: Submitted - sswp417.pdf
title: Atlas de l'Europe dans le monde - Partie 6 - Au Sud, quoi de nouveau ? - Chapitre 21 - La forteresse n'est pas imprenable - Attractivité et migration dans la région Euromed
Creators: name: UMS RIATE
name: UMR Géographie-Cité
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: migration
subject: Euromed
subject: attractivité du territoire

description: Cet ouvrage est le prolongement d'un projet de recherche européen (ESPON 3.4.1 Europe in the world) financé par le programme ESPON (European Spatial Planning Observatory Network), sous la Direction de Claude Grasland et Clarisse Didelon. Cette recherche a associé des équipes de plusieurs pays européens : UMS RIATE (France), IGEAT (Belgique), ITPS (Suède), LADYSS (France), UMR Géographie-cité (France), CRS HAS (Hongrie), TGRIS (Roumanie), ETH (Suisse), GRUPO SOGES (Italie), ORMES (Maroc).
description: Source: Origine des données : UNPP, 2005
description: Relation: https://www.nakala.fr/data/11280/1c44cf21
description: Relation: https://www.nakala.fr/data/11280/2bd170fd
description: Relation: https://www.nakala.fr/data/11280/a47a912e
description: Relation: https://www.nakala.fr/data/11280/a9d4a1aa
description: Relation: https://www.nakala.fr/data/11280/d6772165
description: Relation: https://www.nakala.fr/data/11280/ffed92ce
description: Coverage: Monde
description: Cette planche présente les différents flux migratoire dans la région Euromed et l'attractivité potentielle des territoires. (pour plus d'information voir l'atlas p.222)
description: Bibliographic citation: Didelon C., Grasland C., Richard Y. (Dir), Atlas de l'Europe dans le monde, CNRS GDRE S4-Paris : La Documentation Française, Collection « Dynamiques du territoire », 2008, 260 p.
Food Supply and Population Growth in Southwest China, 1250-1850
Creators: name: Lee, James J.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982
Subjects: Population growth, Prefectures, Agricultural land, Food crops, Famine, Population growth rate, Demography, Population studies, Immigrant populations, Mining industries

description: Between 1250 and 1850 the population of southwest China increased from three to twenty million people. In this paper, I delineate two periods of population growth--a small one from 1250 to 1600 and a boom one from 1700 to 1850--and relate their spatial and temporal characteristics to agricultural production. My conclusions challenge the popular assumption that in China frontier populations grew because of improved agricultural techniques or increased arable land. In the southwest, between 1250 and 1600, population did double because of government investment in agriculture. But between 1700 and 1850, population quadrupled because of the development of local mining industry. In Qing China, as elsewhere in the early modern world, major increases in population were often a consequence of early industrialization.
description: Many people have helped me with the research and composition of this paper. I would like to thank especially: Barbara Cangelosi, Ping-ti Ho, WiIIiam Lavely, Stephen Lee, Lillian Li, Yongcheng Liu, Rongqu Luo, Jean Oi, Diane Scherer, and Sandra M. Wong.

Published as Lee, James. "Food supply and population growth in southwest China, 1250–1850." The Journal of Asian Studies 41.4 (1982): 711-746.
description: Submitted - sswp416.pdf
Obidosus kakinte Ochoa 2013
Creators: name: Osvaldo Villarreal
name: Ludson Neves de Ázara
name: Kury, Adriano Brilhante
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Opiliones
Stygnidae
Obidosus
Obidosus kakinte

description: Obidosus kakinte (Ochoa and Pinto-da-Rocha, 2013) new combination
Protimesius kakinte Ochoa and Pinto-da-Rocha 2013: 202, figs 3A – F, 4A and B, 5.
Type data
³ holotype (MHNC), PERU, Cusco, La Convención, Echarati, Sariteto, Kitepampani, Ayeni River near the Reserva Comunal Machiguenga.
description: Published as part of Osvaldo Villarreal, Ludson Neves de Ázara & Kury, Adriano Brilhante, 2019, Revalidation of Obidosus Roewerı 1913 and description of two new cave-dwelling species of Protimesius Roewerı 1913 from Brazil (Opiliones: Stygnidae), pp. 965-989 in Journal of Natural History 53 (15) on page 983, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019.1620893, http://zenodo.org/record/3673222
Existence, Local Uniqueness, and Optimality of a Marginal Cost Pricing Equilibrium in an Economy with Increasing Returns
Creators: name: Brown, Donald J.
name: Heal, Geoffrey M.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982

description: This paper proposes a notion of equilibrium for an economy with increasing returns to scale and gives sufficient conditions for its existence and local uniqueness. The optimality properties of this equilibrium notion follows from our previous investigations on economies with increasing returns.
The notion of equilibrium used in this paper, i.e. a marginal cost pricing equilibrium, is a family of consumption plans, production plans, prices and lump sum taxes such that: all the first order conditions are satisfied in equilibrium; the lump sum taxes cover the aggregate losses of firms with increasing returns to scale; all markets for goods and services clear.
The intended model is an economy with a regulated natural monopoly and a large number of unregulated competitive firms.
description: This research was supported in part by grants from the NSF to Yale University. This paper was completed during Brown's tenure as a Sherman Fairchild Distinguished Scholar at Caltech. We wish to thank Graciela Chichilnisky and our colleagues at Yale, Essex, and Caltech for their useful comments and lively discussions on increasing returns. In addition, we thank H. Samelson for allowing us to include his theorem on diffeomorphic images of smooth compact convex sets, Proposition.
description: Submitted - sswp415.pdf
The Social Consequence of Rural-Urban Migration in Imperial Germany: The 'Floating Proletariat' Thesis Reconsidered
Creators: name: Kamphoefner, Walter D.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982

description: This paper, a study of internal migration in Imperial Germany, challenges the thesis that the social consequences of urbanization were particularly disruptive for rural newcomers. Using published data from cities of destination, I show that much of the migration took place in stages via smaller cities, and that where families were involved, they were mostly those of the middle class. Moreover, the proportion of migrants in a given ward or occupation showed little relation to the incidence of social or economic dislocation there. All this suggests that migrants were more active participants than passive victims in the process of urbanization, which brought with it not only greater risks, but greater payoffs as well.
description: Submitted - sswp414.pdf
Ostraca from Oued el Amud
Creators: name: Marichal, Robert
name: Mattingly, David
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2015

description: vue 7
description: Drawings and photos. - Letters from David Mattingly (19/05/1987, 11/08/1987). - Offprint of G. W. W. BARKER, G. D. B. JONES, The UNESCO Libyan Valleys Survey VI: Investigations of a Romano-Libyan farm, I, "LibStud» 15 (1984).
description: Source: 4MAR_15_2.7-10-1
description: Relation: David Mattingly
description: Coverage: Oued-el Amud
description: created: "n. d.; May - August 1987"
Latin Majuscule Writing with semicursive hand in Herculaneum papyri
Creators: name: Marichal, Robert
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2015

description: vue 30
description: "Study of the following Latin papyri: P.Herc. 206, 215, 218, 394, 457, 502, 514, 902, 804, 1254, 1257, 1557, 1774. All papyri are listed on the cover page of the main folder, and sometimes they are accompanied by brief bibliographical notes. The indication 'Vu 54 - fini - Revue 58' is written at the end of the list. The study related to each papyrus is enclosed in one folder with the number of the papyrus written on the upper right corner; in one case the sheets related to two papyri are inserted in one single folder, and one of the two numbers is written in a different ink"
description: Source: 4MAR_9_2_5-15
description: created: n.d., 1957
Paleographical analysis of letter A
Creators: name: Marichal, Robert
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2015

description: Morphological study on the letter A : collection of samples from inscriptions and papyri, and analysis of paleographical aspects. - Observations on A. PETRUCCI, Per la storia della scrittura romana: i graffiti di Condatomagos, "Bullettino dell'archivio paleografico italiano", III serie , 1, 1962, pp. 85-132.
description: vue 29
description: Source: 4MAR_1_1.3.1-2
description: created: n. d.
Nash Equilibrium Search for the Best Alternative
Creators: name: Reinganum, Jennifer F.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982

description: In a recent paper, Weitzman (1979) described a policy of "optimal search for the best alternative." The present paper is concerned with the development and characterization of a policy of "Nash equilibrium search for the best alternative." Specifically, it is shown that, under certain monotonicity assumptions, and under the assumption that firms have incomplete information regarding the results of rivals' search behavior, a Nash equilibrium search policy exists and has the same form as Weitzman's optimal search policy.
description: I would like to thank Kim Border and Ed Green for their assistance. The financial support of the National Science Foundation is gratefully acknowledged.

Published as Reinganum, Jennifer F. "Nash equilibrium search for the best alternative." Journal of Economic Theory 30.1 (1983): 139-152.
description: Submitted - sswp413.pdf
Obidosus longipalpis Osvaldo Villarreal & Ludson Neves de Ázara & Kury 2019, new combination
Creators: name: Osvaldo Villarreal
name: Ludson Neves de Ázara
name: Kury, Adriano Brilhante
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Opiliones
Stygnidae
Obidosus
Obidosus longipalpis

description: Obidosus longipalpis (Roewer, 1943) new combination
(Figure 9 (g,i))
Pickeliana longipalpis Roewer 1943: 61, pl. 8, figs 73 – 73a. Protimesius longipalpus: H. Soares 1978: 75. Protimesius longipalpis: Pinto-da-Rocha 1997: 287, figs 394 – 401, 547 – 548, 604; Kury, 2003: 230.
Type data
♀ holotype (SMF RII 5854/9), BRAZIL, Amazonas, Manaus (03°08 ’ S, 60°01 ʹ W).
Records
BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus, PDBFF-A073, 1 ♀ (INPA-91); idem, F. Rego leg, 1 ³ (IBSP 5768); idem, 1 ♀ (IBSP-5769); idem, 1 ³ (IBSP-5770); idem, 1 ³ (IBSP-5747); 1 ³ (INPA-053); 1♀ (INPA-79); RDS Uacari (right margin Rio Juruá, near rio Bauana), F. Röhe, 1 – 16. XI. 2006, 1 ³ 1 ♀ (INPA); Interflúvio Madeira-Purus, Careiro, Campina Tupana close to the Tupana river (4°54 ʹ 51 ” S, 61°06 ʹ 33 ” W), 16.VII. 2007, 2 ³, 1 ♀ (INPA-OP 774); the same, 17. VII.2007, 1 ♀ (INPA-OP 0778); the same, 15.VII. 2006, E.H.Wienskoski leg., 1 ♀ (INPA-OP 0777); the same, 23.VII. 2006, E.H.Wienskoski leg., 1 ♀ (INPA-OP 0776); the same, 8. VII. 2006, E.H.Wienskoski leg., 1 ♀ (INPA-OP 0775); São Francisco, Cacual (Rio Solimões) (−3,902 S − 63,415 W), F. Rego leg., 23.IX. 2003, 1 ♀ (INPA-221); 1 ♀ (INPA-98); Rio Preto da Eva, T 7P1, km98 AM010, 12.I. 2006, A.L.Tourinho, R. Saturnino and F. Röhe (INPA-OP 1079) (Pinto-da-Rocha and Tourinho 2012).
description: Published as part of Osvaldo Villarreal, Ludson Neves de Ázara & Kury, Adriano Brilhante, 2019, Revalidation of Obidosus Roewerı 1913 and description of two new cave-dwelling species of Protimesius Roewerı 1913 from Brazil (Opiliones: Stygnidae), pp. 965-989 in Journal of Natural History 53 (15) on page 984, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019.1620893, http://zenodo.org/record/3673222
title: Rousseau's General Will, The Pareto Principle, and the Problem of Consent
title: Rousseau's General Will and the Problem of Consent
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Jones, William Thomas
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1981

description: Most critics of Rousseau regard his account of the general will as incoherent. In this paper, this assessment is challenged. I argue that the general will is simply the sum of the decisions made by individual citizens about what is in the public interest, and it is in the public interest to be governed by a regime that is capable of making Pareto improvements in the living conditions of those it governs, that is, a regime whose policies are such that at least one citizen is better off and no citizen is worse off. This reading is supported by an examination of the procedures Rousseau recommended for conducting assemblies at which the general will is to be expressed. Further, this reading has the advantage of being psychologically plausible -- at least for the small, homogeneous societies Rousseau was discussing. Finally, on this reading the problem of consent Rousseau's chief concern -- is solved, but again only for small homogeneous societies.
description: I am much indebted to Bruce E. Cain, Ed Green and Charles Young for reading and commenting helpfully on an earlier draft of this paper.

Published as Jones, W. T. "Rousseau's general will and the problem of consent." Journal of the History of Philosophy 25.1 (1987): 105-130.
description: Submitted - sswp412.pdf
A Noncooperative Equilibrium Concept with an Endogenously Determined Dominant Player: The Case of Cournot versus Stackelberg
Creators: name: Sadanand, Venkatraman
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982

description: This paper examines the relationship between Cournot and Stackelberg equilibrium, and whether rational expected profit maximizing behavior of firms can help decide when noncooperative equilibrium might correspond to a Cournot equilibrium and when might it correspond to a Stackelberg equilibrium. An extensive form game is constructed with subgames whose Nash equilibra are Cournot and Stackelberg equilibrium. Equilibria of this larger game are studied. In a particular example with passive consumers, sufficient conditions for an industry to exhibit a Stackelberg structure, are obtained. Systematic changes in the properties of the equilibrium with changes in some specific exogenous characteristics of the market, are examined. This research hopes to help provide insight into circumstances under which one can endogenously determine a dominant player.
description: Revised. Original dated to December 1981.

I wish to express my gratitude to Edward Green for the helpful discussions I have had with him during the preparation of this paper. I have also benefited from the comments of Kim Border and Jennifer Reinganum. The exposition of this paper has greatly benefited from the thoughtful comments of an anonymous referee who also pointed out an inconsistency in notation in an earlier draft.

To be presented in New York at the 1982 winter meetings of the Econometric Society.
description: Submitted - sswp411_-_revised.pdf
Factores endógenos generadores de la desmotivación escolar
Creators: name: Castaño Castaño, Jairo
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Juventud - Aspectos sociales
subject: Estudiantes - Educación
subject: Educación - Aspectos sociales
subject: Rendimiento académico
subject: Motivación en educación
subject: ODS 4: Educación de calidad. Garantizar una educación inclusiva y equitativa de calidad y promover oportunidades de aprendizaje permanente para todos
subject: Desmotivación escolar
subject: Desmotivación logro académico
subject: Factores escolares desmotivadores
subject: Percepción estudiantil de la desmotivación

description: La desmotivación hacía el logro académico, es un fenómeno que se genera por diversos factores fuera y dentro del entorno escolar, siendo importante abordar los aspectos que al interior de la escuela afectan la motivación; ya que la responsabilidad de una institución educativa es mitigar las falencias de un entorno social que afecta la emocionalidad de sus estudiantes para alcanzar sus metas de aprendizaje, en lugar de potenciar dicho problema con sus dinámicas internas. Frente a este panorama lo más pertinente es escuchar a los jóvenes sobre cuál es la percepción, el sentir y las expectativas que ellos tienen de sus instituciones, ya que esto permite evidenciar factores desmotivadores que desde una perspectiva profesional suelen pasar desapercibidos; esperando con este ejercicio, favorecer una mejora sustancial en torno al ejercicio pedagógico y a las dinámicas institucionales con un PEI enfocado en las verdaderas necesidades de su población. Esta dinámica de escucha al estudiante desde la perspectiva del trabajo, se resalta como una dinámica asertiva que mejorará en los jóvenes la percepción que tienen de la escuela.
description: Demotivation towards academic achievement is a phenomenon that is generated by various factors outside and within the school environment, it being important to address the aspects that affect motivation within the school; since the responsibility of an educational institution is to mitigate the shortcomings of a social environment that affects the emotionality of its students to achieve their learning goals, instead of enhancing said problem with its interna! dynamics. Faced with this panorama, the most pertinent thing is to listen to young people about the perception, feelings and expectations that they have of their institutions, since this allows us to highlight demotivating factors that from a professional perspective usually go unnoticed; hoping with this exercise to favor a substantial improvement around the pedagogical exercise and institutional dynamics with a PEI focused on the true needs of its population. This dynamic of listening to the student from the perspective of work is highlighted as an assertive dynamic that will improve young people's perception of school.
title: Acromioclavicular cyst secondary to massive rotator cuff tear
Creators: name: Elgezabal Gomez, Mikel
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Drainage
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: An 85-year-old woman with no significant past medical history presented with a rapidly growing mass on her left shoulder (Figure 1), with no history of trauma. On physical examination, the mass was hard and non-mobile.

description: 85 years, female
Public Roles, Private Roles, and the Question of South African Investments
Creators: name: Jones, William Thomas
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1981

description: Should the trustees of educational institutions sell their investments in companies doing business in South Africa? Discussions of this question have tended to generate more heat than light, partly because role expectations for trustees are not well defined but also because the differences between public and private roles are not well understood. In both of these respects, the question of South African investments is typical of many of the moral problems that arise in periods of rapid social change. An analysis of some of the concepts underlying this disagreement should therefore have a wider relevance. Accordingly, in the first three sections of this paper the kinds of situations which are likely to be morally problematic are redefined in terms of conflicts over role expectations, especially conflicts between expectations for private and for public roles. In the last section of the paper the distinctions introduced in the first three sections are applied to the question of South African investments. Though it is not to be expected that this analysis will dissolve the disagreement over divestment, disputants may at least learn what it is that they are disputing about.
description: I am indebted to so many people -- at one time or another, I have discussed the investment issue with virtually everyone I know -- that I can list here only those who read and commented helpfully on the first draft of this paper -- Jay Atlas, Bruce Cain, Molly Mason Jones, Alan Schwartz and Charles Young. I am also grateful to the philosophy faculty at California State University Los Angeles for the stimulating and instructive discussion that followed my presentation of a part of this paper at a colloquium there.
description: Submitted - sswp410.pdf