cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Willingness to accept herpes zoster vaccines and the influencing factors in China
Creators: name: Jiang, Binshan
name: Wang, Qing
name: Wang, Zhenzhong
name: Xu, Yunshao
name: Yang, Tao
name: Yang, Weizhong
name: Jia, Mengmeng
name: Feng, Luzhao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Top three reasons for willing to be vaccinated against herpes zoster for the elderly in China (n=9482). Table S2. Top three reasons for not willing to be vaccinated against herpes zoster for the elderly in China (n=9805). Table S3. Sensitivity analysis of intent to be vaccinated based on participant characteristics.
Entanglement spectroscopy of a driven solid-state qubit and its detector
Creators: name: Goorden, M. C.
name: Thorwart, M.
name: Grifoni, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the asymptotic dynamics of a driven quantum two level system coupled via a quantum detector to the environment. We find multi-photon resonances which are due to the entanglement of the qubit and the detector. Different regimes are studied by employing a perturbative Floquet-Born-Markov approach for the qubit+detector system, as well as non-perturbative real-time path integral schemes for the driven spin-boson system. We find analytical results for the resonances, including the red and the blue sidebands. They agree well with those of exact ab-initio calculations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Machine Learning and Big Scientific Data
Creators: name: Hey, Tony
name: Butler, Keith
name: Jackson, Sam
name: Thiyagalingam, Jeyarajan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper reviews some of the challenges posed by the huge growth of experimental data generated by the new generation of large-scale experiments at UK national facilities at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory site at Harwell near Oxford. Such "Big Scientific Data" comes from the Diamond Light Source and Electron Microscopy Facilities, the ISIS Neutron and Muon Facility, and the UK's Central Laser Facility. Increasingly, scientists are now needing to use advanced machine learning and other AI technologies both to automate parts of the data pipeline and also to help find new scientific discoveries in the analysis of their data. For commercially important applications, such as object recognition, natural language processing and automatic translation, deep learning has made dramatic breakthroughs. Google's DeepMind has now also used deep learning technology to develop their AlphaFold tool to make predictions for protein folding. Remarkably, they have been able to achieve some spectacular results for this specific scientific problem. Can deep learning be similarly transformative for other scientific problems? After a brief review of some initial applications of machine learning at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, we focus on challenges and opportunities for AI in advancing materials science. Finally, we discuss the importance of developing some realistic machine learning benchmarks using Big Scientific Data coming from a number of different scientific domains. We conclude with some initial examples of our "SciML" benchmark suite and of the research challenges these benchmarks will enable.
description: 42 Pages with full colour images
Cheumatopsyche curvata Martynov
Creators: name: Oláh, J.
name: Johanson, K. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Trichoptera
Hydropsychidae
Cheumatopsyche
Cheumatopsyche curvata

description: Cheumatopsyche curvata Martynov
 Cheumatopsyche curvata Martynov, 1935: 178.
 Distribution. India (Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu).
 New records: INDIA: Tamil Nadu, Nilgiri Hills, Doddabetta, 1000 m, 18.iii.1980, singled on mossy tree [Gy. Topál] - 1 male (OPC, alcohol).
description: Published as part of Oláh, J. & Johanson, K. A., 2008, Generic review of Hydropsychinae, with description of Schmidopsyche, new genus, 3 new genus clusters, 8 new species groups, 4 new species clades, 12 new species clusters and 62 new species from the Oriental and Afrotropical regions (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae), pp. 1-248 in Zootaxa 1802 on page 180
Focusing of Spin Polarization in Semiconductors by Inhomogeneous Doping
Creators: name: Pershin, Yuriy V.
name: Privman, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution and distribution of non-equilibrium electron spin polarization in n-type semiconductors within the two-component drift-diffusion model in an applied electric field. Propagation of spin-polarized electrons through a boundary between two semiconductor regions with different doping levels is considered. We assume that inhomogeneous spin polarization is created locally and driven through the boundary by the electric field. The electric field distribution and spin polarization distribution are calculated numerically. We show that an initially created narrow region of spin polarization can be further compressed and amplified near the boundary. Since the boundary involves variation of doping but no real interface between two semiconductor materials, no significant spin-polarization loss is expected. The proposed mechanism will be therefore useful in designing new spintronic devices.
Supplementary document for Bridging the resolution-sectioning gap in STED nanoscopy with coherent-hybrid depletion - 7162951.pdf
Creators: name: Pereira, Antonio
name: Belsley, Michael
name: Soares-de-Oliveira, Joana
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Math derivation and Methods
Neutrino Mixing and Quark-Lepton Complementarity
Creators: name: Minakata, Hisakazu
name: Smirnov, Alexei Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a result of identification of the solution to the solar neutrino problem, a rather precise relation theta_{sun} + theta_C = pi/4 between the leptonic 1-2 mixing angle theta_{sun} and the Cabibbo angle has emerged. It would mean that the lepton and the quark mixing angles add up to the maximal, suggesting a deep structure by which quarks and leptons are interrelated. We refer the relation ``quark-lepton complementarity'' (QLC) in this paper. We formulate general conditions under which the QLC relation is realized. We then present several scenarios which lead to the relation and elaborate on phenomenological consequences which can be tested by the future experiments. We also discuss implications of the QLC relation for the quark-lepton symmetry and the mechanism of neutrino mass generation.
description: 22 pages, version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Gain dynamics in a heterogeneous terahertz quantum cascade laser
Creators: name: Derntl, C. G.
name: Scalari, G.
name: Bachmann, D.
name: Beck, M.
name: Faist, J.
name: Unterrainer, K.
name: Darmo, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gain recovery time of a heterogeneous active region terahertz quantum cascade laser is studied by terahertz-pump,i terahertz-probe spectroscopy. The investigated active region, which is based on a bound-to-continuum optical transition with an optical phonon assisted extraction, exhibits a gain recovery time in the range of 34$\,$-$\,$50$\,$ps dependent on the operation condition of the laser. The recovery time gets shorter for stronger pumping of the laser while the recovery dynamics slows down with increasing operation temperature. These results indicate the important role of the intracavity light intensity for the fast gain recovery.
A workflow for seismic imaging with quantified uncertainty
Creators: name: Barbosa, Carlos H. S.
name: Kunstmann, Liliane N. O.
name: Silva, Rômulo M.
name: Alves, Charlan D. S.
name: Silva, Bruno S.
name: Filho, Djalma M. S.
name: Mattoso, Marta
name: Rochinha, Fernando A.
name: Coutinho, Alvaro L. G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interpretation of seismic images faces challenges due to the presence of several uncertainty sources. Uncertainties exist in data measurements, source positioning, and subsurface geophysical properties. Understanding uncertainties' role and how they influence the outcome is an essential part of the decision-making process in the oil and gas industry. Geophysical imaging is time-consuming. When we add uncertainty quantification, it becomes both time and data-intensive. In this work, we propose a workflow for seismic imaging with quantified uncertainty. We build the workflow upon Bayesian tomography, reverse time migration, and image interpretation based on statistical information. The workflow explores an efficient hybrid parallel computational strategy to decrease the reverse time migration execution time. High levels of data compression are applied to reduce data transfer among workflow activities and data storage. We capture and analyze provenance data at runtime to improve workflow execution, monitoring, and debugging with negligible overhead. Numerical experiments on the Marmousi2 Velocity Model Benchmark demonstrate the workflow capabilities. We observe excellent weak and strong scalability, and results suggest that the use of lossy data compression does not hamper the seismic imaging uncertainty quantification.
Cheumatopsyche galapitikanda
Creators: name: Oláh, J.
name: Johanson, K. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Trichoptera
Hydropsychidae
Cheumatopsyche
Cheumatopsyche galapitikanda

description: Cheumatopsyche galapitikanda (Schmid)
 Cheumatopsyche galapitikanda Schmid, 1958: 116.
 Type locality. Sri Lanka.
 New records: SRI LANKA: Rat. Dist. Gilimale, Kalu Ganga, 27–28.i.1978 [M.D. Hubbard & T. Wijesinhe] - 1 male (NMNH, alcohol), 1 male (OPC); Rat. Dist. Uggalkaltota 500’, 10–14.x.1970 [O.S. Flint, Jr.] - 2 female (NMNH).
description: Published as part of Oláh, J. & Johanson, K. A., 2008, Generic review of Hydropsychinae, with description of Schmidopsyche, new genus, 3 new genus clusters, 8 new species groups, 4 new species clades, 12 new species clusters and 62 new species from the Oriental and Afrotropical regions (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae), pp. 1-248 in Zootaxa 1802 on page 180
title: Mechanical Properties of Natural Osmia lignaria Silk and Recombinant Expression of the Silk Proteins
Creators: name: Morley, Jackson
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description:
The use of petroleum-based plastic and the subsequent waste has led researchers to explore alternatives in the form of biopolymers. Spider silk and hagfish intermediate filaments show the potential to be advantageously utilized in textile and biomedical industries. Bee silk is a sparsely studied biopolymer that has shown potential to be added to these other impressive biopolymers. Osmia lignaria, is a solitary bee native to the western United States. Silk from these bees can be isolated while the larvae are spinning their silk. The silk from these bees has been mechanically tested for strength, stress, strain, and elasticity. Cocoon fragments were also analyzed for the amino acid composition. Comparing potential sequences to known bee silk protein sequences, the O. lignaria silk proteins were identified. DNA constructs were ordered, cloned, digested, and finally ligated into high expression vector pET-19k. After transformation into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells, expression was performed. Through a Coomassie Blue staining and western blot, no protein could be observed.
Experimental Detection of Non-local Correlations using a Local Measurement-Based Hierarchy on an NMR Quantum Processor
Creators: name: Singh, Amandeep
name: Singh, Dileep
name: Gulati, Vaishali
name: Arvind
name: Dorai, Kavita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-local nature of the correlations possessed by quantum systems may be revealed by experimental demonstrations of the violation of Bell-type inequalities. Recent work has placed bounds on the correlations that quantum systems can possess in an actual experiment. These bounds were limited to a composite quantum system comprising of a few lower-dimensional subsystems. In a more general approach, it has been shown that fewer body correlations can reveal the non-local nature of the correlations arising from a quantum mechanical description of nature. Such tests on the correlations can be transformed to a semi-definite program (SDP). This study reports the experimental implementation of a local measurement-based hierarchy on the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) hardware utilizing three nuclear spins as qubits. The protocol has been experimentally tested on genuinely entangled tripartite states such as W state, GHZ state and a few graph states. In all the cases, the experimentally measured correlations were used to formulate the SDP, using linear constraints on the entries of the moment matrix. We observed that for each genuinely entangled state, the SDP failed to find a semi-definite positive moment matrix consistent with the experimental data. This implies that the observed correlations can not arise from local measurements on a separable state and are hence non-local in nature, and also confirms that the states being tested are indeed entangled.
description: Minor changes made, experimental fidelities recomputed, minor text modifications
High resolution infrared spectra of bulge globular clusters: The extreme chemical abundances of Terzan 4 and Terzan 5
Creators: name: Origlia, Livia
name: Rich, R. Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the NIRSPEC spectrograph at Keck II, we have obtained infrared echelle spectra covering the range $1.5-1.8 μ\rm m$ for the highly reddened bulge globular clusters Terzan 4 and Terzan 5. The clusters are of interest because a blue horizontal branch in Terzan 4 is consistent with very low metallicity, while Terzan 5 has been proposed as possibly the most metal rich known Galactic globular cluster. We report the first detailed abundance analysis for stars in these clusters, and we find [Fe/H]=--1.60 and --0.21 dex for Terzan 4 and Terzan 5, respectively, confirming the presence of a large metallicity spread in the bulge as well as in the halo of the Galaxy. We find $\rm [α/Fe]\approx+0.5$ dex in Terzan 4 and $\rm [α/Fe]\approx +0.3$ dex in Terzan 5, consistent with what has been found for field stars in the bulge. The enhanced $α-$element abundances are also consistent with rapid chemical enrichment, most likely by type II SNe. Finally, we measure very low $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C$\le10$ ratios in all the giant stars, confirming that extra-mixing mechanisms due to {\it cool bottom processing} occur during evolution along the RGB.
description: In press in the Astronomical Journal, 20 pages, 7figures
Why charges go to the surface: a generalized Thomson problem
Creators: name: Levin, Yan
name: Arenzon, Jeferson J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a generalization of a Thomson problem of n particles confined to a sphere and interacting by a 1/r^g potential. It is found that for g \le 1 the electrostatic repulsion expels all the charges to the surface of the sphere. However for g>1 and n>n_c(g) occupation of the bulk becomes energetically favorable. It is curious to note that the Coulomb law lies exactly on the interface between these two regimes.
Dynamic density functional study of a driven colloidal particle in polymer solutions
Creators: name: Penna, F.
name: Dzubiella, J.
name: Tarazona, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dynamic Density Functional (DDF) theory and standard Brownian dynamics simulations (BDS) are used to study the drifting effects of a colloidal particle in a polymer solution, both for ideal and interacting polymers. The structure of the stationary density distributions and the total induced current are analyzed for different drifting rates. We find good agreement with the BDS, which gives support to the assumptions of the DDF theory. The qualitative aspect of the density distribution are discussed and compared to recent results for driven colloids in one-dimensional channels and to analytical expansions for the ideal solution limit.
The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood: Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of 14,000 F and G dwarfs
Creators: name: Nordstrom, B.
name: Mayor, M.
name: Andersen, J.
name: Holmberg, J.
name: Pont, F.
name: Jorgensen, B. R.
name: Olsen, E. H.
name: Udry, S.
name: Mowlavi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and discuss new determinations of metallicity, rotation, age, kinematics, and Galactic orbits for a complete, magnitude-limited, and kinematically unbiased sample of 16,682 nearby F and G dwarf stars. Our 63,000 new, accurate radial-velocity observations for nearly 13,500 stars allow identification of most of the binary stars in the sample and, together with published data complete the kinematic information for 14,139 stars. A major effort has been devoted to the determination of new isochrone ages for all stars for which this is possible. Particular attention has been given to a realistic treatment of statistical biases and error estimates, as standard techniques tend to underestimate these effects and introduce spurious features in the age distributions. We demonstrate, however, how strong observational and theoretical biases cause the distribution of the observed ages to be very different from that of the true age distribution of the sample. Our first results confirm the lack of metal-poor G dwarfs relative to closed-box model predictions (the ``G dwarf problem''), the existence of radial metallicity gradients in the disk, the small change in mean metallicity of the thin disk since its formation and the substantial scatter in metallicity at all ages, and the continuing kinematic heating of the thin disk with an efficiency consistent with that expected for a combination of spiral arms and giant molecular clouds. Distinct features in the distribution of the V component of the space motion are extended in age and metallicity, corresponding to the effects of stochastic spiral waves rather than classical moving groups, and may complicate the identification of thick-disk stars from kinematic criteria. (abridged)
description: 33 pages, 32 figures
Shattering Transitions in Collision-Induced Fragmentation
Creators: name: Krapivsky, P. L.
name: Ben-Naim, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the kinetics of nonlinear collision-induced fragmentation. We obtain the fragment mass distribution analytically by utilizing its travelling wave behavior. The system undergoes a shattering transition in which a finite fraction of the mass is lost to infinitesimal fragments (dust). The nature of the shattering transition depends on the fragmentation process. When the larger of the two colliding fragments splits, the transition is discontinuous and the entire mass is transformed into dust at the transition point. When the smaller fragment splits, the transition is continuous with the dust gaining mass steadily on the account of the fragments. At the transition point, the fragment mass distribution diverges algebraically for small masses, c(m) ~ m^-a, with a=1.20191.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Occupation number and fluctuations in the finite-temperature Bose-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Plimak, L. I.
name: Fleischhauer, M.
name: Olsen, M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the occupation numbers and number fluctuations of ultra-cold atoms in deep optical lattices for finite temperatures within the Bose-Hubbard model. Simple analytical expressions for the mean occupation number and number fluctuations are obtained in the weak-hopping regime using an interpolation between results from different perturbation approaches in the Mott-insulator and superfluid phases. These analytical results are compared to exact one dimensional numerical calculations using a finite temperature variant of the Density-Matrix Renormalisation Group (DMRG) method and found to have a high degree of accuracy. We also find very good agreement in the crossover ``thermal'' region. With the present approach the magnitude of number fluctuations under realistic experimental conditions can be estimated and the properties of the finite temperature phase diagram can be studied.
description: 4 pages, 1 eps figure, submitted to PRA
Tidal effects and disruption in superradiant clouds: a numerical investigation
Creators: name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Duque, Francisco
name: Ikeda, Taishi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of light, fundamental bosonic fields is an attractive possibility that can be tested via black hole observations. We study the effect of a tidal field -- caused by a companion star or black hole -- on the evolution of superradiant scalar-field states around spinning black holes. For small tidal fields, the superradiant "cloud" puffs up by transitioning to excited states and acquires a new spatial distribution through transitions to higher multipoles, establishing new equilibrium configurations.For large tidal fields the scalar condensates are disrupted; we determine numerically the critical tidal moments for this to happen and find good agreement with Newtonian estimates. We show that the impact of tides can be relevant for known black-hole systems such as the one at the center of our galaxy or the Cygnus X-1 system. The companion of Cygnus X-1, for example, will disrupt possible scalar structures around the BH for gravitational couplings as large as $Mμ\sim 2\times 10^{-3}$.
description: 10 figures, 12 pages. v3: To appear in Physical Review D
MOESM4 of Stepwise evolution and convergent recombination underlie the global dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli
Creators: name: PatiÃ±O-Navarrete, Rafael
name: Rosinski-Chupin, Isabelle
name: Cabanel, Nicolas
name: Lauraine Gauthier
name: Takissian, Julie
name: Jean-Yves Madec
name: Monzer Hamze
name: Bonnin, Remy
name: Naas, Thierry
name: Glaser, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S1. Number of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) according to the phylogenetic group among E. coli ST410 isolates. Figure S2. Recombination events in isolates of the E. coli ST410 FQR clade. Figure S3. Phylogenetic distribution of E. coli isolates mutated in ftsI. Figure S4. Recombination events at the dcw and ompC loci. Figure S5. Phylogeny and mutations in non-redundant E. coli ST131 CP-Ec isolates. Figure S6. Phylogeny and mutations in non-redundant CP-Ec isolates of ST48, ST206, ST224, ST359, ST361, ST448 and ST617. Figure S7. Phylogeny and mutations in non-redundant E. coli isolates of phylogroup D. Figure S8. Phylogeny and mutations of ST10, ST226, and ST746 non-redundant E. coli isolates. Figure S9. Estimated fitness of E. coli ST410 strains in rich and minimal media.
The NGC 346 massive star census: Nitrogen abundances for apparently single, narrow lined, hydrogen core burning B-type stars
Creators: name: Dufton, P. L.
name: Evans, C. J.
name: Lennon, D. J.
name: Hunter, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analyses of large spectroscopic surveys of early-type stars in the LMC have found an excess of nitrogen enriched B-type targets with a vsini<40 km/s compared with the predictions of single star evolutionary models incorporating rotational mixing. By contrast the number of such targets with 40
description: accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1804.02025
Design and development of an adaptive shape wafer chuck to compensate for wafer surface topography and backside particles
Creators: name: Ganapathisubramanian, Mahadevan
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2004
Subjects: Adaptive shape wafer
Piezoelectric actuator
Lithography methods

description: In this thesis an adaptive shape wafer chuck was developed to address the problems caused due to backside particles and wafer surface irregularities during the lithography process. The Step and Flash Imprint Lithography (SFIL) process has been dealt with in particular and the needs of this process have been considered in deciding the design metrics for the wafer chuck. SFIL is a novel, low-cost approach to patterning nano-scale features for semiconductor applications. This research is essential for the reduction of defects in the features created during lithography and would thus increase the yield that can be achieved. Micro-lithographic systems are employed to create sub-micron and nanoscale features during the processing of semiconductor devices. In such systems, particularly optical lithography, SFIL systems and X-ray lithography systems, control of wafer flatness is critical in order to achieve the desired feature sizes. Wafer flatness in the nanometer range is desirable for sub-micron lithography. The wafer surfaces have surface irregularities measured by the following metrics: Total thickness variation (TTV), Total Indicated reading (TIR), and Local Thickness variation (LTV). These errors along with backside particles affect the flatness of a chucked wafer. This would cause pattern replication errors. The adaptive shape wafer chuck, that has been developed, consists of a pin type thin wafer chuck, mounted on a plurality of piezoelectric actuators that are rigidly attached to a stainless steel base plate. By actuating the piezoelectric actuators based on control algorithms detailed in this thesis, the flatness error can be reduced to less than 200nm, which is preferred for creating semiconductor features in the sub-micron range. The thesis starts with an introduction to optical lithography and next generation lithography (NGL) systems. It states the relevance of the problem for each of these lithography methods and how the proposed design addresses them. Simulations of the design and how it corrects for backside particles and wafer surface irregularities are presented. Simulated results based on real bare wafer data are also used to validate the utility of the design presented in this thesis.
Cheumatopsyche triangularis
Creators: name: Oláh, J.
name: Johanson, K. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Trichoptera
Hydropsychidae
Cheumatopsyche
Cheumatopsyche triangularis

description: Cheumatopsyche triangularis (Ulmer)
 Hydropsychodes triangularis Ulmer, 1931: 19.
 Cheumatopsyche triangularis (Ulmer, 1931); Mosely 1939b: 27.
 Type locality. South Africa.
 New records. SOUTH AFRICA: Natal, 9 km S and 6 km W of Rietvlei, Karkloof Forest, 1525 m, 21– 25.ii.1978 [D. Davis, M. Davis & B. Akerbergs] - 15 males, 140 females (NMNH, alcohol), 4 males, 9 females (OPC, alcohol); Natal, Lindeque Spruit, 1050 m, 14 km SE Bergville, 19.ii.1978 [D. Davis, M. Davis & B. Akerbergs] - 20 males (NMNH, alcohol), 4 males (OPC, alcohol).
description: Published as part of Oláh, J. & Johanson, K. A., 2008, Generic review of Hydropsychinae, with description of Schmidopsyche, new genus, 3 new genus clusters, 8 new species groups, 4 new species clades, 12 new species clusters and 62 new species from the Oriental and Afrotropical regions (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae), pp. 1-248 in Zootaxa 1802 on page 186
Adaptive hard and tough mechanical response in single-crystal B1 VNx ceramics via control of anion vacancies
Creators: name: Mei, A. B.
name: Kindlund, H.
name: Broitman, E.
name: Hultman, L.
name: Petrov, I.
name: Greene, J. E.
name: Sangiovanni, D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High hardness and toughness are generally considered mutually exclusive properties for single-crystal ceramics. Combining experiments and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) atomistic simulations at room temperature, we demonstrate that both the hardness and toughness of single-crystal NaCl-structure VNx/MgO(001) thin films are simultaneously enhanced through the incorporation of anion vacancies. Nanoindentation results show that VN0.8, here considered as representative understoichiometric VNx system, is ~20% harder, as well as more resistant to fracture than stoichiometric VN samples. AIMD modeling of VN and VN0.8 supercells subjected to [001] and [110] elongation reveal that the tensile strengths of the two materials are similar. Nevertheless, while the stoichiometric VN phase systematically cleaves in a brittle manner at tensile yield points, the understoichiometric compound activates transformation-toughening mechanisms that dissipate accumulated stresses. AIMD simulations also show that VN0.8 exhibits an initially greater resistance to both {110}<1-10> and {111}<1-10> shear deformation than VN. However, for progressively increasing shear strains, the VN0.8 mechanical behavior gradually evolves from harder to more ductile than VN. The transition is mediated by anion vacancies, which facilitate {110}<1-10> and {111}<1-10> lattice slip by reducing activation shear stresses by as much as 35%. Electronic-structure analyses show that the two-regime hard/tough mechanical response of VN0.8 primarily stems from its intrinsic ability to transfer d electrons between 2nd-neighbor and 4th-neighbor (i.e., across vacancy sites) V-V metallic states. Our work offers a route for electronic-structure design of hard materials in which a plastic mechanical response is triggered with loading.
MOESM3 of Stepwise evolution and convergent recombination underlie the global dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli
Creators: name: PatiÃ±O-Navarrete, Rafael
name: Rosinski-Chupin, Isabelle
name: Cabanel, Nicolas
name: Lauraine Gauthier
name: Takissian, Julie
name: Jean-Yves Madec
name: Monzer Hamze
name: Bonnin, Remy
name: Naas, Thierry
name: Glaser, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Oligonucleotides used in this work. Table S4. Mutations detected in MG1655 strains derivatives mutated in ftsI. Table S5. Genomic features of the E. coli ST410 isolate Ec-MAD. Table S6. Antibiotics susceptibility testing of the ST410 isolate Ec-MAD. Table S7. Distribution and effect of point mutations in the OXA-181 E. coli ST410 subclade MRCA. Table S8. Mutations predicted with a functional effect using the SIFT algorithm. Table S10. Antibiotic resistance gene content of ST410 isolates analysed in Fig. 7.
The Persint visualization program for the ATLAS experiment
Creators: name: Pomarede, D.
name: Virchaux, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.3.0

description: The Persint program is designed for the three-dimensional representation of objects and for the interfacing and access to a variety of independent applications, in a fully interactive way. Facilities are provided for the spatial navigation and the definition of the visualization properties, in order to interactively set the viewing and viewed points, and to obtain the desired perspective. In parallel, applications may be launched through the use of dedicated interfaces, such as the interactive reconstruction and display of physics events. Recent developments have focalized on the interfacing to the XML ATLAS General Detector Description AGDD, making it a widely used tool for XML developers. The graphics capabilities of this program were exploited in the context of the ATLAS 2002 Muon Testbeam where it was used as an online event display, integrated in the online software framework and participating in the commissioning and debug of the detector system.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, proceedings of CHEP2003
title: Correspondance avec François Berdougo-Le Blanc et Yann Mazens, transférée à Jacques Peare, copie à Christian Perronne, Jean-Claude Melchior, Fabienne Collier, Dominique Mathez et al.
Creators: name: Berdougo, François
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-20193111132541120
description: created: start=2011-11-02;end=2011-11-16
Effective Compton Cross Section in Non-Degenerate High Temperature Media
Creators: name: Shekh-Momeni, F.
name: Samimi, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective compton cross section in a non-degenerate plasma($n\ll\{\frac{(kT/c)^{2}+2mkT}{h^{2}}\}^{^{3/2}}$) is investigated in a wide range of temperatures. The results show a decreasing behavior with temperature especially for $kT\gg m_{e}c^{2}$. The $may be important in phenomena like accretion discs or ultra-relativistic blast waves in GRB models, where the emitted radiation has to pass through a medium containing high energy electrons.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Design and Implementation of Secret Key Agreement for Platoon-based Vehicular Cyber-Physical Systems
Creators: name: Li, Kai
name: Ni, Wei
name: Emami, Yousef
name: Shen, Yiran
name: Severino, Ricardo
name: Pereira, David
name: Tovar, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In platoon-based vehicular cyber-physical system (PVCPS), a lead vehicle that is responsible for managing the platoon's moving directions and velocity periodically disseminates control messages to the vehicles that follow. Securing wireless transmissions of the messages between the vehicles is critical for privacy and confidentiality of platoon's driving pattern. However, due to the broadcast nature of radio channels, the transmissions are vulnerable to eavesdropping. In this paper, we propose a cooperative secret key agreement (CoopKey) scheme for encrypting/decrypting the control messages, where the vehicles in PVCPS generate a unified secret key based on the quantized fading channel randomness. Channel quantization intervals are optimized by dynamic programming to minimize the mismatch of keys. A platooning testbed is built with autonomous robotic vehicles, where a TelosB wireless node is used for onboard data processing and multi-hop dissemination. Extensive real-world experiments demonstrate that CoopKey achieves significantly low secret bit mismatch rate in a variety of settings. Moreover, the standard NIST test suite is employed to verify randomness of the generated keys, where the p-values of our CoopKey pass all the randomness tests. We also evaluate CoopKey with an extended platoon size via simulations to investigate the effect of system scalability on performance.
description: To be published in ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems (TCPS)
MOESM2 of Re-prioritizing traffic stops to reduce motor vehicle crash outcomes and racial disparities
Creators: name: Fliss, Mike
name: Baumgartner, Frank
name: Delamater, Paul
name: Marshall, Steve
name: Poole, Charles
name: Robinson, Whitney
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. NC representativeness, access, and volume by race-ethnicity.
A Regular Theory of Magnetic Monopoles and Its Implications
Creators: name: Comay, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A regular charge-monopole theory is derived from simple and self-evident postulates. It is shown that this theory provides explanations for effects of strong and nuclear interactions. The theory is compared with Dirac's monopole theory. Applications to strong and nuclear interactions are compared with quantum chromodynamics. The results favor the regular charge-monopole theory and indicate difficulties of the other ones. An experiment that may provide further evidence helping to decide between the regular charge-monopole theory and quantum chromodynamics is suggested.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
Constraints on the density distribution of type Ia supernovae ejecta inferred from late-time light-curve flattening
Creators: name: Kushnir, Doron
name: Waxman, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The finite time, $τ_{\rm dep}$, over which positrons from $β^{+}$ decays of $^{56}$Co deposit energy in type Ia supernovae ejecta lead, in case the positrons are trapped, to a slower decay of the bolometric luminosity compared to an exponential decline. Significant light-curve flattening is obtained when the ejecta density drops below the value for which $τ_{\rm dep}$ equals the $^{56}$Co life-time. We provide a simple method to accurately describe this "delayed deposition" effect, which is straightforward to use for analysis of observed light curves. We find that the ejecta heating is dominated by delayed deposition typically from 600 to 1200~day, and only later by longer lived isotopes $^{57}$Co and $^{55}$Fe decay (assuming solar abundance). For the relatively narrow $^{56}$Ni velocity distributions of commonly studied explosion models, the modification of the light curve depends mainly on the $^{56}$Ni mass-weighted average density, $\langle ρ\rangle t^{3}$. Accurate late-time bolometric light curves, which may be obtained with JWST far-infrared (far-IR) measurements, will thus enable to discriminate between explosion models by determining $\langle ρ\rangle t^3$ (and the $^{57}$Co and $^{55}$Fe abundances). The flattening of light curves inferred from recent observations, which is uncertain due to the lack of far-IR data, is readily explained by delayed deposition in models with $\langle ρ\rangle t^{3} \approx 0.2\,M_{\odot}\,(10^{4}\, \textrm{km}\,\textrm{s}^{-1})^{-3}$, and does not imply supersolar $^{57}$Co and $^{55}$Fe abundances.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Minor revisions following referee's report
CFEA: Collaborative Feature Ensembling Adaptation for Domain Adaptation in Unsupervised Optic Disc and Cup Segmentation
Creators: name: Liu, Peng
name: Kong, Bin
name: Li, Zhongyu
name: Zhang, Shaoting
name: Fang, Ruogu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, deep neural networks have demonstrated comparable and even better performance with board-certified ophthalmologists in well-annotated datasets. However, the diversity of retinal imaging devices poses a significant challenge: domain shift, which leads to performance degradation when applying the deep learning models to new testing domains. In this paper, we propose a novel unsupervised domain adaptation framework, called Collaborative Feature Ensembling Adaptation (CFEA), to effectively overcome this challenge. Our proposed CFEA is an interactive paradigm which presents an exquisite of collaborative adaptation through both adversarial learning and ensembling weights. In particular, we simultaneously achieve domain-invariance and maintain an exponential moving average of the historical predictions, which achieves a better prediction for the unlabeled data, via ensembling weights during training. Without annotating any sample from the target domain, multiple adversarial losses in encoder and decoder layers guide the extraction of domain-invariant features to confuse the domain classifier and meanwhile benefit the ensembling of smoothing weights. Comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that our CFEA model can overcome performance degradation and outperform the state-of-the-art methods in segmenting retinal optic disc and cup from fundus images. \textit{Code is available at \url{https://github.com/cswin/AWC}}.
Cheumatopsyche expeditionis
Creators: name: Oláh, J.
name: Johanson, K. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Trichoptera
Hydropsychidae
Cheumatopsyche
Cheumatopsyche expeditionis

description: Cheumatopsyche expeditionis (Ulmer)
 Hydropsychodes expeditionis Ulmer, 1938: 402.
 Cheumatopsyche expeditionis (Ulmer, 1938); Kimmins 1963: 130.
 Type locality. New Guinea.
 New records: PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Morobe District, Wau 1200 m, 8–14.xii.1976, black light [G.F. Hevel & R. E. Dietz] - 8 males (NMNH), 1 female (NMNH), 2 males (OPC); Morobe Pr. Wau Ecol Inst 1200 m, Secondary Montane Forest, 1–10.viii 1983 [S.E. & P.M. Miller] - 1 male (NMNH).
description: Published as part of Oláh, J. & Johanson, K. A., 2008, Generic review of Hydropsychinae, with description of Schmidopsyche, new genus, 3 new genus clusters, 8 new species groups, 4 new species clades, 12 new species clusters and 62 new species from the Oriental and Afrotropical regions (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae), pp. 1-248 in Zootaxa 1802 on page 188
MOESM1 of Re-prioritizing traffic stops to reduce motor vehicle crash outcomes and racial disparities
Creators: name: Fliss, Mike
name: Baumgartner, Frank
name: Delamater, Paul
name: Marshall, Steve
name: Poole, Charles
name: Robinson, Whitney
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Synthetic control weight vectors for each measure.
ATLAS and CMS applications on the WorldGrid testbed
Creators: name: Ciaschini, V.
name: Donno, F.
name: Fanfani, A.
name: Fanzago, F.
name: Garbellotto, V.
name: Verlato, M.
name: Vaccarossa, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: A0

description: WorldGrid is an intercontinental testbed spanning Europe and the US integrating architecturally different Grid implementations based on the Globus toolkit. It has been developed in the context of the DataTAG and iVDGL projects, and successfully demonstrated during the WorldGrid demos at IST2002 (Copenhagen) and SC2002 (Baltimore). Two HEP experiments, ATLAS and CMS, successful exploited the WorldGrid testbed for executing jobs simulating the response of their detectors to physics eve nts produced by real collisions expected at the LHC accelerator starting from 2007. This data intensive activity has been run since many years on local dedicated computing farms consisting of hundreds of nodes and Terabytes of disk and tape storage. Within the WorldGrid testbed, for the first time HEP simulation jobs were submitted and run indifferently on US and European resources, despite of their underlying different Grid implementations, and produced data which could be retrieved and further analysed on the submitting machine, or simply stored on the remote resources and registered on a Replica Catalogue which made them available to the Grid for further processing. In this contribution we describe the job submission from Europe for both ATLAS and CMS applications, performed through the GENIUS portal operating on top of an EDG User Interface submitting to an EDG Resource Broker, pointing out the chosen interoperability solutions which made US and European resources equivalent from the applications point of view, the data management in the WorldGrid environment, and the CMS specific production tools which were interfaced to the GENIUS portal.
description: Poster paper from the 2003 Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP03), La Jolla, Ca, USA, March 2003, 10 pages, PDF. PSN TUCP004; added credit to funding agency