Hydroides lirs Kupriyanova, Sun, Hove, Wong & Rouse, 2015, n. sp.
Creators: name: Kupriyanova, Elena K.
name: Sun, Yanan
name: Ten Hove, Harry A.
name: Wong, Eunice
name: Rouse, Greg W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Sabellida
Serpulidae
Hydroides
Hydroides lirs

description: Hydroides lirs n. sp.
(Figs 4, 5)
Material examined. Holotype: AM W.43967, MI QLD 2354. Paratypes: AM W.41749, Yonge Reef, 14°35'S, 145°37'E, coll. R. Smith, 5 Nov 1985; AM W.42357, Yonge Reef, back reef bommie, 14°36'S, 145°37'E, coll. R. Smith, 7 Nov 1985; AM W.42358, same; ZMA V. Pol.5035, stn.21, south Lizard Island, 14°42'S, 145°28'E, sloping silty reef, little coral cover, 20 m, coll. H. ten Hove & P. Hutchings, 6 Mar 1986.
Other material examined. AM W.42366, Palm Group, Orpheus Island, Pioneer Bay, 18°37'S, 146°30'E, coll. R. Smith, Oct 1984.
Diagnosis. Opercular verticil with a basal column and 11–12 spines (Figs 4 A, 5A). All verticil spines with pointed tips and one pointed internal spinule each at mid-length. Dorsal verticil spine large hook, strongly curved inward and bearing a pair of lateral spinules distally; other spines similar in size and shape, curved outwards. Central tooth absent. Funnel with 20–30 chitinized radii ending in long pointed tips; radii each bearing a minute internal spinule basally; base of funnel elongated, chitinized. Grooves separating radii extending 1/2 of funnel length.
Description. TUBE: white, width 3.86 mm (4.24 ± 0.92 mm, n = 3, 3.57–4.24 mm), with lumen of 3.14 mm (2.76 ± 0.66 mm, n = 3, 2–3.14 mm). Circular in cross section, without longitudinal ridges.
BRANCHIAE: with 20 radioles on left lobe, 24 radioles on right lobe (21.2 ± 1.3 left radioles, n = 5, 20–23; 22.6 ± 1.95 right radioles, n = 5, 20–25), arranged in semicircles, not connected by inter-radiolar membrane (Fig. 4 B). Branchial eyes absent.
PEDUNCLE: smooth, circular in cross section, inserted just below first and second normal radioles; with clear chitinized constriction at the base of the funnel (Fig. 4 A). Pseudoperculum present.
OPERCULUM: with distal verticil inserted on short stalk into proximal oblique radially symmetrical funnel. Verticil with 11 spines (11.4 ± 0.55, n = 5, 11–12), with pointed tip; one dorsal hook stout, elongated, curved inward, with a pair of subterminal lateral spinules; other verticil spines curved outwards, with one inner spinule at about half of their length (Figs 4 A, 5A). Basal spinule absent. Funnel with 34 (50 ± 10.3, n = 5, 34–62) sharp chitinized radii, each radius with one curved basal tooth. Grooves separating radii extending 1/3 to 1/2 of funnel length. Length of operculum 2.33 mm (3.27 ± 0.64 mm, n = 5, 2.33– 4 mm), width 1.37 mm (1.93 ± 0.48 mm, n = 5, 1.37–2.67 mm).
COLLAR AND THORACIC MEMBRANES: collar low, continuous with thoracic membranes, forming apron across anterior abdominal chaetigers.
THORAX: with collar chaetiger and 6 uncinigerous chaetigers. Collar chaetae of two types: bayonet with two short conical teeth (Fig. 5 B) and limbate. Subsequent chaetae limbate, of two sizes. Uncini along entire thorax sawshaped with 6–7 teeth (Fig. 5 C).
ABDOMEN: abdominal chaetigers 140 (131 ± 10.3, n = 3, 120–140 mm). Chaetae flat trumpet-shaped (Fig. 5 E), uncini saw-shaped anteriorly (Fig. 5 D, F), with pointed fang and 4–5 teeth; rasp-shaped with 2–5 rows of teeth and fang and up to 4–5 teeth in profile view posteriorly. Simple capillaries present posteriorly.
SIZE: length 16.7 mm (24.6 ± 8.26 mm, n = 5, 16.7–34.3 mm). Width of thorax 2.57 mm (2.46 ± 0.23 mm, n = 5, 2.14–2.71 mm). Branchiae and operculum accounting for 1/5 of entire length.
COLOUR: verticil spines and tips of funnel radii yellow. Base of branchial crown purple, brown, yellow bands present above the purple base, the middle region of branchial crown with white bands, terminal brown to yellow (Fig. 4 B).
ECOLOGY: found from subtidal, 10–20 m, embedded in corals.
Etymology. The species name honours Australian Museum’s Lizard Island Research Station (LIRS), recognised as one of the best field stations in the world for tropical marine research and a world-leading supplier of on-reef facilities for coral reef research and education.
Remarks. The new species was originally labelled as H. exaltata (Marenzeller, 1885) or H. minax (Grube, 1878) in the AM collections because it resembles H. exaltata in having a large smoothly incurved dorsal spine and verticil spines with an internal spinule each, and also resembles H. minax in the presence of a pair of distal lateral spinules on the incurved dorsal spine. Hydroides lirs n. sp. differs from H. exaltata in having a pair of lateral spinules on the incurved dorsal spine, which is absent in H. exaltata. From H. minax the new species can be distinguished by the following characters: dorsal hook is smoothly curved in H. lirs n. sp., but strongly curved in H. minax; verticil spines in H. minax are short and lack internal spinules that are present in H. minax. The basal teeth typical for of the funnel radii in H. lirs n. sp. were not observed either in H. exaltata or in H. minax. Hydroides lirs n. sp. also resembles H. pseudexaltata Pillai, 2009, but can be distinguished from latter by the presence of lateral spinules in its dorsal spine, internal spinules in the verticil spines (as opposed to the absence of lateral and internal spinules in H. pseudexaltata) and its sharp-tipped funnel radii (as opposed to almost T-shaped tips in H. pseudexaltata).
Type locality. Lizard Island, Qld, Australia.
Distribution. Lizard Island, Orpheus Island, Qld, Australia.
description: Published as part of Kupriyanova, Elena K., Sun, Yanan, Ten Hove, Harry A., Wong, Eunice & Rouse, Greg W., 2015, Serpulidae (Annelida) of Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia, pp. 275-353 in Zootaxa 4019 (1) on pages 283-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.13, http://zenodo.org/record/289495