cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Automatic tube voltage selection on a 320-slice CT-scan: a strategy to reduce the iodine load in routine contrast-enhanced CT? - a retrospective and a phantom study
Creators: name: Leyendecker, Pierre
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Contrast agents
subject: Computer applications
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agent-other

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: CT acquisition with lower tube potential has been used, especially in pediatric patients or smaller adults (1) primarly, toreduce the radiation dosewithout impairing image quality. Mean radiation dose reduction of nearly 20-25% for CTA (2–4) and...
The blue supergiant MN18 and its bipolar circumstellar nebula
Creators: name: Gvaramadze, V. V.
name: Kniazev, A. Y.
name: Bestenlehner, J. M.
name: Bodensteiner, J.
name: Langer, N.
name: Greiner, J.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Berdnikov, L. N.
name: Beletsky, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of spectrophotometric observations of the massive star MN18 revealed via discovery of a bipolar nebula around it with the Spitzer Space Telescope. Using the optical spectrum obtained with the Southern African Large Telescope, we classify this star as B1 Ia. The evolved status of MN18 is supported by the detection of nitrogen overabundance in the nebula, which implies that it is composed of processed material ejected by the star. We analysed the spectrum of MN18 by using the code CMFGEN, obtaining a stellar effective temperature of \approx 21 kK. The star is highly reddened, E(B-V)\approx 2 mag. Adopting an absolute visual magnitude of M_V=-6.8\pm0.5 (typical of B1 supergiants), MN18 has a luminosity of log L/Lsun \approx 5.42\pm0.30, a mass-loss rate of \approx (2.8-4.5)\times10^{-7} Msun/yr, and resides at a distance of \approx 5.6^{+1.5} _{-1.2} kpc. We discuss the origin of the nebula around MN18 and compare it with similar nebulae produced by other blue supergiants in the Galaxy (Sher 25, HD 168625, [SBW2007] 1) and the Large Magellanic Cloud (Sk-69 202). The nitrogen abundances in these nebulae imply that blue supergiants can produce them from the main sequence stage up to the pre-supernova stage. We also present a K-band spectrum of the candidate luminous blue variable MN56 (encircled by a ring-like nebula) and report the discovery of an OB star at \approx 17 arcsec from MN18. The possible membership of MN18 and the OB star of the star cluster Lynga 3 is discussed.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
(103423) Alfred Thomas Davis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Self-similar ultra-relativistic jetted blast wave
Creators: name: Keshet, Uri
name: Kogan, Dani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following a suggestion that a directed relativistic explosion may have a universal intermediate asymptotic, we derive a self-similar solution for an ultra-relativistic jetted blast wave. The solution involves three distinct regions: an approximately paraboloid head where the Lorentz factor $γ$ exceeds $\sim1/2$ of its maximal, nose value; a geometrically self-similar, expanding envelope slightly narrower than a paraboloid; and an axial core in which the (cylindrically, henceforth) radial flow $u$ converges inward towards the axis. Most ($\sim 80\%$) of the energy lies well beyond the leading, head region. Here, a radial cross section shows a maximal $γ$ (separating the core and the envelope), a sign reversal in $u$, and a minimal $γ$, at respectively $\sim 1/6$, $\sim1/4$, and $\sim3/4$ of the shock radius. The solution is apparently unique, and approximately agrees with previous simulations, of different initial conditions, that resolved the head. This suggests that unlike a spherical relativistic blast wave, our solution is an attractor, and may thus describe directed blast waves such as in the external shock phase of a $γ$-ray burst.
description: Revised version (discussion added) accepted by ApJ
Correlates of changes in walking during the retirement transition: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Creators: name: Jones, S.A.
name: Aiello, A.E.
name: Li, Q.
name: Evenson, K.R.
name: O'Rand, A.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Retirement from employment involves disruption in daily routines and has been associated with positive and negative changes in physical activity. Walking is the most common physical activity among older Americans. The factors that influence changes in walking after retirement are unknown. The study objective was to identify correlates of within-person change in recreational walking (for leisure) and transport walking (to get places) during the retirement transition among a multi-ethnic cohort of adults (N = 928) from six US communities. Correlates were measured at the individual (e.g., gender), interpersonal (e.g., social support), and community (e.g., density of walking destinations) levels at study exams between 2000 and 2012. Comparing pre- and post-retirement measures (average 4.5 years apart), 50% of participants increased recreational walking by 60 min or more per week, 31% decreased by 60 min or more per week, and 19% maintained their recreational walking. Forty-one percent of participants increased transport walking by 60 min or more per week, 40% decreased by 60 min or more per week, and 19% maintained their transport walking after retirement. Correlates differed for recreational and transport walking and for increases compared to decreases in walking. Self-rated health, chronic conditions, and perceptions of the neighborhood walking environment were associated with changes in both types of walking after retirement. Further, some correlates differed by gender and retirement age. Findings can inform the targeting of interventions to promote walking during the retirement transition. © 2018
KSwAGS: A Swift X-ray and UV Survey of the Kepler Field. I
Creators: name: Smith, Krista Lynne
name: Boyd, Patricia T.
name: Mushotzky, Richard F.
name: Gehrels, Neil
name: Edelson, Rick
name: Howell, Steve B.
name: Gelino, Dawn M.
name: Brown, Alexander
name: Young, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the first phase of the Kepler-Swift Active Galaxies and Stars survey (KSwAGS), a simultaneous X-ray and UV survey of ~6 square degrees of the Kepler field using the Swift XRT and UVOT. We detect 93 unique X-ray sources with S/N>3 with the XRT, of which 60 have observed UV counterparts. We use the Kepler Input Catalog (KIC) to obtain the optical counterparts of these sources, and construct the X-ray to optical flux ratio as a first approximation of the classification of the source. The survey produces a mixture of stellar sources, extragalactic sources, and sources which we are not able to classify with certainty. We have obtained optical spectra for thirty of these targets, and are conducting an ongoing observing campaign to fully identify the sample. For sources classified as stellar or AGN with certainty, we construct SEDs using the 2MASS, UBV and GALEX data supplied for their optical counterparts by the KIC, and show that the SEDs differ qualitatively between the source types, and so can offer a method of classification in absence of a spectrum. Future papers in this series will analyze the timing properties of the stars and AGN in our sample separately. Our survey provides the first X-ray and UV data for a number of known variable stellar sources, as well as a large number of new X-ray detections in this well-studied portion of the sky. The KSwAGS survey is currently ongoing in the K2 ecliptic plane fields.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal. 19 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Race/Ethnic and Educational Disparities in the Association Between Pathogen Burden and a Laboratory-Based Cumulative Deficits Index
Creators: name: Aiello, A.E.
name: Noppert, G.A.
name: O'Rand, A.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Background: Disparities in adult morbidity and mortality may be rooted in patterns of biological dysfunction in early life. We sought to examine the association between pathogen burden and a cumulative deficits index (CDI), conceptualized as a pre-clinical marker of an unhealthy biomarker profile, specifically focusing on patterns across levels of social disadvantage. Methods: Using the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2004 wave (aged 20–49 years), we examined the association of pathogen burden, composed of seven pathogens, with the CDI. The CDI comprised 28 biomarkers corresponding to available clinical laboratory measures. Models were stratified by race/ethnicity and education level. Results: The CDI ranged from 0.04 to 0.78. Nearly half of Blacks were classified in the high burden pathogen class compared with 8% of Whites. Among both Mexican Americans and other Hispanic groups, the largest proportion of individuals were classified in the common pathogens class. Among educational classes, 19% of those with less than a high school education were classified in the high burden class compared with 7% of those with at least a college education. Blacks in the high burden pathogen class had a CDI 0.05 greater than those in the low burden class (P < 0.05). Whites in the high burden class had a CDI only 0.03 greater than those in the low burden class (P < 0.01). Discussion: Our findings suggest there are significant social disparities in the distribution of pathogen burden across race/ethnic groups, and the effects of pathogen burden may be more significant for socially disadvantaged individuals. © 2019, W. Montague Cobb-NMA Health Institute.
Quantum Brownian motion as an iterated entanglement-breaking measurement by the environment
Creators: name: Riedel, C. Jess
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein-Smoluchowski diffusion, damped harmonic oscillations, and spatial decoherence are special cases of an elegant class of Markovian quantum Brownian motion models that is invariant under linear symplectic transformations. Here we prove that for each member of this class there is a preferred timescale such that the dynamics, considered stroboscopically, can be rewritten exactly as unitary evolution interrupted periodically by an entanglement-breaking measurement with respect to a fixed overcomplete set of pure Gaussian states. This is relevant to the continuing search for the best way to describe pointer states and pure decoherence in systems with continuous variables, and gives a concrete sense in which the decoherence can be said to arise from a complete measurement of the system by its environment. We also extend some of the results of Diósi and Kiefer to the symplectic covariant formalism and compare them with the preferred timescales and Gaussian states associated with the POVM form.
description: Updated title, minor typos and typesetting
title: A tool to supervise the radiographer clinical placement
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Luís
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radiographers
subject: Computer applications
subject: Management
subject: Experimental
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Outcomes

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Health care professionals are expected to undertake a large amount of clinical placement training to support their learning (Hyde, 2015)⁠. For some years our university has offered higher education in health care field, namely in the radiography...
title: E-learning tool in students ultrasound education: increase stable perception of organic structures
Creators: name: Kraus, Barbara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radiographers
subject: Anatomy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: eLearning
subject: Education and training

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Imaging techniques have reached paramount importance in current medical diagnostic procedures. Therefore, the question of optimal training procedures for all groups involved in medical imaging arises. One of these imaging techniques, medical...
Comparing temporal dynamics of compositional reorganization in long-term studies of birds and fish: Code
Creators: name: Penny, Amelia
name: Dornelas, Maria
name: Magurran, Anne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity change, temporal beta diversity, trajectory analysis, compositional reorganization, Anthropocene, Jaccard dissimilarity

description: This folder contains all code needed to perform the analyses in the main text and supplementary analysis. All analyses were performed in R.
description: This work was funded by Leverhulme Trust grant RPG-2019-402, 'Darwin, Wallace, Bates and biodiversity change in the Anthropocene', awarded to Anne Magurran and Maria Dornelas
Weak Convergence of Equity Derivatives Pricing with Default Risk
Creators: name: Qiao, Gaoxiu
name: Yao, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B10, 91G80

description: This paper presents a discrete--time equity derivatives pricing model with default risk in a no--arbitrage framework. Using the equity--credit reduced form approach where default intensity mainly depends on the firm's equity value, we deduce the Arrow--Debreu state prices and the explicit pricing result in discrete time after embedding default risk in the pricing model. We prove that the discrete--time defaultable equity derivatives pricing has convergence stability, and it converges weakly to the continuous--time pricing results.
description: 13 pages
(103418) John Walter Selkirk
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Characterizing the weight-glycemia phenotypes of type 1 diabetes in youth and young adulthood
Creators: name: Sauder, K.A.
name: Adair, L.A.
name: Mayer-Davis, E.J.
name: Jiang, X.
name: Imperatore, G.
name: Buse, J.B.
name: Dolan, L.M.
name: Aiello, A.E.
name: Reboussin, B.A.
name: Lawrence, J.M.
name: Kahkoska, A.R.
name: Marcovina, S.
name: Agarwal, S.
name: Dabelea, D.
name: Kosorok, M.R.
name: Burger, K.S.
name: Pihoker, C.
name: Nguyen, C.T
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Introduction Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) present with diverse body weight status and degrees of glycemic control, which may warrant different treatment approaches. We sought to identify subgroups sharing phenotypes based on both weight and glycemia and compare characteristics across subgroups. Research design and methods Participants: with T1D in the SEARCH study cohort (n=1817, 6.0-30.4 years) were seen at a follow-up visit >5 years after diagnosis. Hierarchical agglomerative clustering was used to group participants based on five measures summarizing the joint distribution of body mass index z-score (BMIz) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) which were estimated by reinforcement learning tree predictions from 28 covariates. Interpretation of cluster weight status and glycemic control was based on mean BMIz and HbA1c, respectively. Results: The sample was 49.5% female and 55.5% non-Hispanic white (NHW); mean±SD age=17.6±4.5 years, T1D duration=7.8±1.9 years, BMIz=0.61±0.94, and HbA1c=76±21 mmol/mol (9.1±1.9)%. Six weight-glycemia clusters were identified, including four normal weight, one overweight, and one subgroup with obesity. No cluster had a mean HbA1c <58 mmol/mol (7.5%). Cluster 1 (34.0%) was normal weight with the lowest HbA1c and comprised 85% NHW participants with the highest socioeconomic position, insulin pump use, dietary quality, and physical activity. Subgroups with very poor glycemic control (ie, ≥108 mmol/mol (≥12.0%); cluster 4, 4.4%, and cluster 5, 7.5%) and obesity (cluster 6, 15.4%) had a lower proportion of NHW youth, lower socioeconomic position, and reported decreased pump use and poorer health behaviors (overall p<0.01). The overweight subgroup with very poor glycemic control (cluster 5) showed the highest lipids and blood pressure (p<0.01). Conclusions: There are distinct subgroups of youth and young adults with T1D that share weight-glycemia phenotypes. Subgroups may benefit from tailored interventions addressing differences in clinical care, health behaviors, and underlying health inequity. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
title: Mitral valve prolapse: diagnostic value of MRI
Creators: name: Pradella, Silvia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Contrast agents
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Purpose: Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) affects 2%–3% of population. MVP has been associated with an increased risk of arrhythmic complications including atrial/ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Arrhythmic risk may be related to the...
Integrating access to care and tumor patterns by race and age in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, 2008–2013
Creators: name: Reeder-Hayes, K.E.
name: Golightly, Y.M.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Troester, M.A.
name: Earp, H.S.
name: Tan, X.
name: Emerson, M.A.
name: Aiello, A.E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Purpose: Understanding breast cancer mortality disparities by race and age is complex due to disease heterogeneity, comorbid disease, and the range of factors influencing access to care. It is important to understand how these factors group together within patients. Methods: We compared socioeconomic status (SES) and comorbidity factors in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study Phase 3 (CBCS3, 2008–2013) to those for North Carolina using the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Study. In addition, we used latent class analysis of CBCS3 data to identify covariate patterns by SES/comorbidities, barriers to care, and tumor characteristics and examined their associations with race and age using multinomial logistic regression. Results: Major SES and comorbidity patterns in CBCS3 participants were generally similar to patterns in the state. Latent classes were identified for SES/comorbidities, barriers to care, and tumor characteristics that varied by race and age. Compared to white women, black women had lower SES (odds ratio (OR) 6.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.2, 7.8), more barriers to care (OR 5.6, 95% CI 3.9, 8.1) and several aggregated tumor aggressiveness features. Compared to older women, younger women had higher SES (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.4, 0.6), more barriers to care (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.6, 2.9) and aggregated tumor aggressiveness features. Conclusions: CBCS3 is representative of North Carolina on comparable factors. Patterns of access to care and tumor characteristics are intertwined with race and age, suggesting that interventions to address disparities will need to target both access and biology.
The Anomalous Temporal Behaviour of Broadband Ly$α$ Emission During Solar Flares From SDO/EVE
Creators: name: Milligan, Ryan O.
name: Chamberlin, Phillip C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite being the most prominent emission line in the solar spectrum, there has been a notable lack of studies devoted to variations in Ly$α$ emission during solar flares in recent years. However, the few examples that do exist have shown Ly$α$ emission to be a substantial radiator of the total energy budget of solar flares (on the order of 10%). It is also a known driver of fluctuations in earth's ionosphere. The EUV Variability Experiment (EVE) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory now provides broadband, photometric Ly$α$ data at 10 s cadence with its Multiple EUV Grating Spectrograph-Photometer (MEGS-P) component, and has observed scores of solar flares in the 5 years since it was launched. However, the MEGS-P time profiles appear to display a rise time of tens of minutes around the time of the flare onset. This is in stark contrast to the rapid, impulsive increase observed in other intrinsically chromospheric features (H$α$, Ly$β$, LyC, C III, etc.). Furthermore, the emission detected by MEGS-P peaks around the time of the peak of thermal soft X-ray emission, rather than during the impulsive phase when energy deposition in the chromosphere - often assumed to be in the form of nonthermal electrons - is greatest. Given that spectrally-resolved Ly$α$ observations during flares from SORCE/SOLSTICE peak during the impulsive phase as expected, this suggests that the atypical behaviour of MEGS-P data is a manifestation of the broadband nature of the observations. This could imply that other lines and/or continuum emission that becomes enhanced during flares could be contributing to the passband. Users are hereby urged to exercise caution when interpreting broadband Ly$α$ observations of solar flares. Comparisons have also been made with other broadband Ly$α$ photometers such as PROBA2/LYRA and GOES/EUVS-E.
description: Submitted to A&A Research Notes, 5 pages 4 figures
title: Wrist angle measurements: are they applicable to the paediatric population in the trauma setting?
Creators: name: Joyce, Eimear
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Normal variants

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Carpal instability is an important cause of wrist morbidity. The carpus is considered unstable if it demonstrates symptomatic dysfunction and abnormal kinematics during any portion of its arc of motion (1).In the adult population, several...
Reduction of Nonlinear Distortion in Condenser Microphones Using a Simple Post-Processing Technique
Creators: name: Honzík, Petr
name: Novak, Antonin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for effectively reducing nonlinear distortion in single back-plate condenser microphones, i.e., most MEMS microphones, studio recording condenser microphones, and laboratory measurement microphones. This simple post-processing technique can be easily integrated on an external hardware such as an analog circuit, microcontroller, audio codec, DSP unit, or within the ASIC chip in a case of MEMS microphones. It significantly reduces microphone distortion across its frequency and dynamic range. It relies on a single parameter, which can be derived from either the microphone's physical parameters or a straightforward measurement presented in this paper. An optimal estimate of this parameter achieves the best distortion reduction, whereas overestimating it never increases distortion beyond the original level. The technique was tested on a MEMS microphone. Our findings indicate that for harmonic excitation the proposed technique reduces the second harmonic by approximately 40 dB, leading to a significant reduction in the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). The efficiency of the distortion reduction technique for more complex signals is demonstrated through two-tone and multitone experiments, where second-order intermodulation products are reduced by at least 20 dB.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
First Light with ALES: A 2-5 Micron Adaptive Optics Integral Field Spectrograph for the LBT
Creators: name: Skemer, Andrew J.
name: Hinz, Philip
name: Montoya, Manny
name: Skrutskie, Michael F.
name: Leisenring, Jarron
name: Durney, Oli
name: Woodward, Charles E.
name: Wilson, John
name: Nelson, Matt
name: Bailey, Vanessa
name: Defrere, Denis
name: Stone, Jordan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integral field spectrographs are an important technology for exoplanet imaging, due to their ability to take spectra in a high-contrast environment, and improve planet detection sensitivity through spectral differential imaging. ALES is the first integral field spectrograph capable of imaging exoplanets from 3-5$μ$m, and will extend our ability to characterize self-luminous exoplanets into a wavelength range where they peak in brightness. ALES is installed inside LBTI/LMIRcam on the Large Binocular Telescope, taking advantage of existing AO systems, camera optics, and a HAWAII-2RG detector. The new optics that comprise ALES are a Keplerian magnifier, a silicon lenslet array with diffraction suppressing pinholes, a direct vision prism, and calibration optics. All of these components are installed in filter wheels making ALES a completely modular design. ALES saw first light at the LBT in June 2015.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, Proc. SPIE
(103419) William Kent
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Clinical impact of delayed enhancement in brain MRI for patients with AIDS
Creators: name: Drozdov, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Head and neck
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: AIDS
subject: Infection

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Contrast enhanced MRI is a widely implemented technique of CNS evaluation in patients with AIDS. Widespread practice includes T1WI obtained immediately after intravenous contrast agent injection. The purpose of this study is to compare early and...
title: Conventional brain MRI data as an indicator to perform a HIV test
Creators: name: Drozdov, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Head and neck
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: AIDS
subject: Infection

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: HIV/AIDS is a global pandemic,and according to UNAIDS, the Russian Federation is among those countries with the fastest HIV spread CITATION UNA16 \l 1033 [1]. Any method that increases the rate of HIV detection leads to more rapid establishment of...
Expert Stakeholders’ Perspectives on How Cisgender Heterosexual Boys and Young Men Navigate Sex and Intimacy in Australia: A Case for “Heterosexual Intimacies” in Policy and Practice
Creators: name: Waling, Andrea
name: James, Alexandra
name: Fairchild, Jack
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration
classificationCode: 4405
subject: Gender studies
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Introduction: Cisgender heterosexual boys and young men in Australia may experience or perpetuate a range of harms in their romantic and sexual encounters with women due to expectations that they adhere to problematic ideals and norms concerning masculinity and heterosexuality. This paper explores expert stakeholders’ perceptions on these key issues, and their broader implications for policy and practice. Methods: Using inductive thematic analysis techniques, this paper draws on semi-structured interviews from 23 expert stakeholders working across sectors of gendered violence prevention, sexual health, relationships and sexuality education, sport, and emotional and physical wellbeing. Results: Findings note several key concerns, including (1) hesitation and lack of adequate information regarding relationships with women; (2) the potential negative influence of pornography; (3) the lack of opportunities to be engaged in sexual health promotion initiatives; and (4) limited opportunities to have meaningful conversations about dating, sex, and intimacy. Conclusions: Expert stakeholders note several important gaps in policy and practice that need to be addressed to better support cisgender heterosexual boys and young men, and to confront gendered violence and sexual violence. Social and Policy Implications: Understanding these gaps is vital for policymakers, content and program creators, and service providers working with cisgender heterosexual boys and men. We advocate for thinking about a strategy that is centred around “heterosexual intimacies”, in which addressing boys and young men’s sexual health and wellbeing is brought together with gendered violence prevention and sexual violence prevention initiatives.
(103420) Vincent Kenneth Delany Waite
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Follow-up study with sonoelastography after open surgery repair on Achilles tendon in professional athlets and balet dancers in comparance to non-sport related persons
Creators: name: Gazhonova, Veronika
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Extremities
subject: Trauma
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Elastography
subject: Ultrasound-Power Doppler
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Outcomes
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: The Achilles tendon is the most commonly ruptured tendon in the body [1]. Rupture of the Achilles tendon often requires surgical repair and extended immobilization, which may lead to prolonged rehabilitation [2]. In addition, the ruptured Achilles...
Towards a census of super-compact massive galaxies in the Kilo Degree Survey
Creators: name: Tortora, C.
name: La Barbera, F.
name: Napolitano, N. R.
name: Roy, N.
name: Radovich, M.
name: Cavuoti, S.
name: Brescia, M.
name: Longo, G.
name: Getman, F.
name: Capaccioli, M.
name: Grado, L.
name: Kuijken, K. H.
name: de Jong, J. T. A.
name: McFarland, J. P.
name: Puddu, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abundance of compact, massive, early-type galaxies (ETGs) provides important constraints to galaxy formation scenarios. Thanks to the area covered, depth, excellent spatial resolution and seeing, the ESO Public optical Kilo Degree Survey (KiDS), carried out with the VLT Survey Telescope (VST), offers a unique opportunity to conduct a complete census of the most compact galaxies in the Universe. This paper presents a first census of such systems from the first 156 square degrees of KiDS. Our analysis relies on g-, r-, and i-band effective radii ($R_{\rm e}$), derived by fitting galaxy images with PSF-convolved Sérsic models, high-quality photometric redshifts, $z_{\rm phot}$, estimated from machine learning techniques, and stellar masses, $M_{\rm \star}$, calculated from KiDS aperture photometry. After massiveness ($M_{\rm \star} > 8 \times 10^{10}\, \rm M_{\odot}$) and compactness ($R_{\rm e} < 1.5 \, \rm kpc$ in g-, r- and i-bands) criteria are applied, a visual inspection of the candidates plus near-infrared photometry from VIKING-DR1 are used to refine our sample. The final catalog, to be spectroscopically confirmed, consists of 92 systems in the redshift range $z \sim 0.2-0.7$. This sample, which we expect to increase by a factor of ten over the total survey area, represents the first attempt to select massive super-compact ETGs (MSCGs) in KiDS. We investigate the impact of redshift systematics in the selection, finding that this seems to be a major source of contamination in our sample. A preliminary analysis shows that MSCGs exhibit negative internal colour gradients, consistent with a passive evolution of these systems. We find that the number density of MSCGs is only mildly consistent with predictions from simulations at $z>0.2$, while no such system is found at $z < 0.2$.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, MNRAS in press, revised and improved version, figures and text have been updated
Health intervention experiences and associated mental health outcomes in a sample of LGBTQ people with intersex variations in Australia
Creators: name: Amos, Natalie
name: Hart, Bonnie
name: Hill, Adam
name: Melendez-Torres, Gerardo
name: McNair, Ruth
name: Carman, Marina
name: Lyons, Anthony
name: Bourne, Adam
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4405
subject: Gender studies
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: No description supplied
Luminosity dependent change of the emission diagram in the X-ray pulsar 4U 1626-67
Creators: name: Koliopanos, Filippos
name: Gilfanov, Marat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We detect variability of the Fe Ka emission line in the spectrum of X-ray pulsar 4U 1626-67, correlated with changes in its luminosity and in the shape of its pulse profile. Analysis of archival Chandra and RXTE observations revealed the presence of an intrinsically narrow Fe Ka emission line in the spectrum obtained during the source's current high luminosity period. However, the line was not present during an XMM-Newton observation seven years earlier, when the source was ~three times fainter. The line is resolved by the high energy grating of Chandra at the 98% confidence level, and its small intrinsic width, sigma=36.4 (-/+ 11.3,15.3)eV, suggests reflection off an accretion disk at the radius R~7.5(-/+ 3.8,8.2)x10^8cm assuming a Keplerian disk, viewed at an inclination angle of 20deg. This value is consistent with the radius of the magnetosphere of the pulsar, suggesting that the line originates near the inner edge of a disk that is truncated by the magnetic field of the neutron star. Timing analysis of the XMM-Newton and RXTE data revealed a major change in the pulse profile of the source from a distinct double peaked shape during the high luminosity state when the line was present, to a much more complex multi-peak structure during the low luminosity state. We argue that the appearance of the line and the change in the shape of the pulse profile are correlated and are the result of a major change in the emission diagram of the accretion column, from a pencil-beam pattern at low luminosity, to a fan-beam pattern at high luminosity.
description: Accepted by MNRAS 8pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
MPEC 2024-R171 : 2024 RU5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RU5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Associations among neighborhood poverty, perceived neighborhood environment, and depressed mood are mediated by physical activity, perceived individual control, and loneliness
Creators: name: Callahan, L.F.
name: Muessig, K.E.
name: Gottfredson, N.C.
name: Jordan, J.M.
name: Aiello, A.E.
name: Fisher, E.B.
name: Kowitt, S.D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Few studies have documented the pathways through which individual level variables mediate the effects of neighborhoods on health. This study used structural equation modeling to examine if neighborhood characteristics are associated with depressive symptoms, and if so, what factors mediated these relationships. Cross-sectional data came from a sample of mostly rural, older adults in North Carolina (n = 1,558). Mediation analysis indicated that associations among neighborhood characteristics and depressive symptoms were mediated by loneliness (standardized indirect effect = −0.19, p < 0.001), physical activity (standardized indirect effect = −0.01, p = 0.003), and perceived individual control (standardized indirect effect = −0.07, p = 0.02) with loneliness emerging as the strongest mediator. Monitoring such individual mediators in formative and process evaluations may increase the precision of neighborhood-based interventions and policies.
Epigenetic predictors of all-cause mortality are associated with objective measures of neighborhood disadvantage in an urban population
Creators: name: Aiello, A.E.
name: Ward-Caviness, C.K.
name: Koenen, K.
name: Martin, C.L.
name: Wildman, D.E.
name: Galea, S.
name: Pu, S.
name: Uddin, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: BACKGROUND: Neighborhood characteristics are robust predictors of overall health and mortality risk for residents. Though there has been some investigation of the role that molecular indicators may play in mediating neighborhood exposures, there has been little effort to incorporate newly developed epigenetic biomarkers into our understanding of neighborhood characteristics and health outcomes. METHODS: Using 157 participants of the Detroit Neighborhood Health Study with detailed assessments of neighborhood characteristics and genome-wide DNA methylation profiling via the Illumina 450K methylation array, we assessed the relationship between objective neighborhood characteristics and a validated DNA methylation-based epigenetic mortality risk score (eMRS). Associations were adjusted for age, race, sex, ever smoking, ever alcohol usage, education, years spent in neighborhood, and employment. A secondary model additionally adjusted for personal neighborhood perception. We summarized 19 neighborhood quality indicators assessed for participants into 9 principal components which explained over 90% of the variance in the data and served as metrics of objective neighborhood quality exposures. RESULTS: Of the nine principal components utilized for this study, one was strongly associated with the eMRS (β = 0.15; 95% confidence interval = 0.06-0.24; P = 0.002). This principal component (PC7) was most strongly driven by the presence of abandoned cars, poor streets, and non-art graffiti. Models including both PC7 and individual indicators of neighborhood perception indicated that only PC7 and not neighborhood perception impacted the eMRS. When stratified on neighborhood indicators of greenspace, we observed a potentially protective effect of large mature trees as this feature substantially attenuated the observed association. CONCLUSION: Objective measures of neighborhood disadvantage are significantly associated with an epigenetic predictor of mortality risk, presenting a potential novel avenue by which neighborhood-level exposures may impact health. Associations were independent of an individual's perception of their neighborhood and attenuated by neighborhood greenspace features. More work should be done to determine molecular risk factors associated with neighborhoods, and potentially protective neighborhood features against adverse molecular effects.
title: Radiation dose to newborns in a neonatal intensive care unit
Creators: name: Pinheiro, Joao
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Radiographers
subject: Professional issues
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Occupational / Environmental hazards
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Assessment of the Entrance Surface Doses in newborns subjected to the chest radiographs conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a public hospital. It is known that the use of x-rays in the diagnosis of certain pathologies is...
(103416) Richard Delany Selkirk
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(103417) Alice Louisa Selkirk
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Phase transitions in (2 + 1)D subsystem-symmetric monitored quantum circuits
Creators: name: Kelson-Packer, Cole
name: Miyake, Akimasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay of unitary evolution and projective measurements is a modern interest in the study of many-body entanglement. On the one hand, the competition between these two processes leads to the recently discovered measurement-induced phase transition (MIPT). On the other hand, measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) is a well-known computational paradigm where measurements simulate unitary evolution by utilizing the entanglement of special resources such as the two-dimensional (2D) cluster state. The entanglement properties enabling MBQC may be attributed to symmetry-protected topological (SPT) orders, particularly subsystem-symmetric topological (SSPT) orders. It was recently found that the one-dimensional cluster state may be associated with an SPT phase in random circuits respecting a global $\mathbb{Z}_2\times\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry, and furthermore that all phase transitions in this scenario belong to the same universality class. As resources with greater computational power feature greater symmetry, it is fruitful to investigate further any relationship between levels of symmetry in MIPTs and MBQC. In this paper we investigate MIPTs on a torus with three levels of symmetry-respecting unitary evolution interspersed by measurements. Although we find two area-law phases and one volume-law phase with distinct entanglement structures for each ensemble, the phase transition from the volume-law phase to the area-law phase associated with the 2D SSPT cluster state has variable correlation length exponent $ν$. Whereas $ν\approx 0.90$ for unconstrained Clifford unitaries and $ν\approx0.83$ for globally-symmetric Cliffords, subsystem-symmetric Cliffords feature a much smaller value $ν\approx 0.38$. We discuss how these distinct $ν$'s quantify spacetime response scales where quantum information is manipulated by single-qubit measurements as in MBQC.
description: 24 pages, 19 figures