cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Some empirical evidence on hysteresis in aggregate US import prices
Creators: name: Baldwin, Richard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1988
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: This dollar cycle, the magnitude of which is entirely unprecedented by post-war experience, has had rather puzzling effects on import prices. Historically, movements in the real exchange rate have been passed through approximately one-for-one to the real price of imports. The rising dollar of the first half of the 1980s did lead to lower real prices of imported goods, however, the two-year fall in the exchange rate has lead to only a slight increase in the real import prices. This puzzling behavior is interesting in itself. It takes on added importance, however, in that the sluggish rise of import prices has contributed to the persistence of the US trade deficit. This paper empirically investigates the hypothesis that hysteresis has occurred in US aggregate import prices. We review evidence based on standard ad hoc, pass-through equations, as well as evidence based on two structural models (the beachhead model, Baldwin 1986 and the bottleneck model, Foster and Baldwin 1986) which could account for the hysteretic behavior of import prices.
The role of SHIP1 in modulating disease severity in the K/BxN serum transfer model of rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Hirukawa, Alison Misa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: SHIP1 (SH2 domain containing inositol-5ʼ-phosphatase) is a negative regulator of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) pathway. SHIP1 is expressed in hematopoietic cells, and mediates its effect by hydrolyzing PIP₃, an important second messenger generated by the PI3K pathway. In this way, SHIP attenuates a variety of signaling cascades including those mediating cell survival and proliferation. Due to its importance in regulating immune cell signaling, SHIP1 is an attractive therapeutic target. In this thesis, I explored the role of SHIP1 in the context of rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune inflammatory disease. To this end, I employed the K/BxN serum transfer model of rheumatoid arthritis. This disease model is auto-antibody driven and lymphocyte independent, and thus facilitates characterization of the effector phase of disease, a process that relies on components of the innate immune system. Arthritis was dramatically exacerbated in global SHIP1 knock-out mice, as evidenced by changes in ankle thickness, clinical scoring and histological analysis. Heterozygous SHIP1 mice also displayed increased disease severity in comparison to wild type litter mates, possibly due to an expanded population of circulating neutrophils, that increases with age. Since naive global SHIP1 knock-out mice exhibit a range of hematopoietic abnormalities, to elucidate the cell intrinsic contribution of SHIP1 ablation to the disease phenotype, I induced K/BxN mediated arthritis in mice with lineage restricted deletion of SHIP1. Mice with a neutrophil/ macrophage-restricted loss of SHIP1 (LysMcre), like global SHIP1 knock-out mice, displayed an alternatively activated ʻM2ʼ biased macrophage phenotype, and developed exacerbated disease. Neutrophil-restricted loss of SHIP1 (GEcre) was also sufficient to exacerbate disease and resulted in earlier disease onset. In order to identify how the loss of SHIP1 in neutrophils results in heightened disease severity, I performed a series of in vitro experiments utilizing polymorphonuclear leukocytes freshly isolated from bone marrow. While we cannot exclude that SHIP1 may be playing additional roles in neutrophil functions, I report that SHIP1 plays a role in attenuating responsiveness of neutrophils to GPCR and FcγR ligation, two families of receptors that are necessary for induction and amplification of rheumatoid arthritis in the K/BxN serum transfer model.
Thermodynamic Theory of Phase Transitions in Driven Lattice Gases
Creators: name: Pradhan, Punyabrata
name: Seifert, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate an approximate thermodynamic theory of the phase transition in driven lattice gases with attractive nearest-neighbor interactions. We construct the van der Waals equation of state for a driven system where a nonequilibrium chemical potential can be expressed as a function of density and driving field. A Maxwell's construction leads to the phase transition from a homogeneous fluid phase to the coexisting phases of gas and liquid.
description: typos corrected, a paragraph added in summary
SUMCASTEC_190202_NA_CSCORposter_Conference Poster_.pdf_Limoges_S. Saada_Public_NA
Creators: name: S. Saada
name: R. Manczak
name: B. Bessette
name: C. Dalmai
name: S. Battu
name: P. Blondy
name: M.O. Jaubertau
name: M. Inac
name: C. Baristiran-Kaynak
name: M. Kaynak
name: Palego, C.
name: A. Pothier
name: F. Lalloue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Poster presentation given by Dr Sofiane Saad  at the 11th International Conference on ’’Cancer Stem Cells and Oncology Research’’, Jun 11-13 2018 in Dublin, Ireland.
description: This presentation was awarded the Best Poster Award in recognition of paper quality, novelty and significance.
Does premature elevated progesterone on the day of trigger increase spontaneous abortion rates in fresh and subsequent frozen embryo transfers?
Creators: name: Healy, Mae
name: Patounakis, George
name: Zanelotti, Austin
name: Devine, Kate
name: DeCherney, Alan
name: Levy, Michael
name: Hill, Micah J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Virology

description: Recent evidence has shown elevated progesterone (P) advances the endometrium in fresh ART cycles, creating asynchrony with the embryo and thus implantation failure and decreased live birth rates. If the window of implantation is closing as the embryo attempts to implant, there may be difficulty with trophoblastic invasion, leading to failure of early pregnancies. Our objective was to evaluate if P on the day of trigger was associated with spontaneous abortion (SAB) rates in fresh ART transfers. This was a retrospective cohort study involving fresh autologous and FET cycles from 2011 to 2013. The main outcome was spontaneous abortion rates. About 4123 fresh and FET transfer cycles were included which resulted in 1547 fresh and 491 FET pregnancies. The overall SAB rate was 20% among fresh cycles and 19% in FET cycles. P on the day of trigger, as a continuous variable or when > 2 ng/mL, was not associated with SAB in fresh cycles. Similar results were found after adjusting for age, embryo quality, and embryo stage. Despite elevated P likely advancing the window of implantation, once implantation occurs, pregnancies were no longer negatively impacted by progesterone.
CEO compensation and firm performance in Japan: Evidence from new panel data on individual CEO pay
Creators: name: Kato, Takao
name: Kubo, Katsuyuki
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: Prior studies on Japanese executive compensation have been constrained by the lack of longitudinal data on individual CEO pay. Using unique 10-year panel data on individual CEO's salary and bonus of Japanese firms from 1986 to 1995, we present the first estimates on the performance sensitivity of Japanese CEO compensation. Specifically we find consistently that Japanese CEO's cash compensation is sensitive to firm performance (especially accounting measures), and that the sensitivity of CEO's cash compensation to ROA is 1.3 to 1.4, which is in general agreement with prior estimates elsewhere. As such, our estimates do not support that Japanese corporate governance is unusually defunct with regard to the significance and size of the sensitivity of CEO compensation to accounting profitability. On the other hand, to be consistent with the literature on Japanese corporate governance that tends to downplay the role of shareholders and stress the role of banks and employees, we find that stock market performance tends to play a less important role in the determination of Japanese CEO compensation. Finally, we find that the bonus system makes CEO compensation more sensitive to firm performance in Japan. The finding is in contrast to the literature on compensation for regular employees in Japan which often argues that bonus is a disguised base wage.
Single-electron turnstile pumping with high frequencies
Creators: name: Lin, Chuan-Yu
name: Zhang, Wei-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter, we present a theoretical analysis to single-electron pumping operation in a large range of driving frequencies through the time-dependent tunneling barriers controlled by external gate voltages. We show that the single-electron turnstile works at the frequency lower than the characteristic frequency which is determined by the mean average electron tunneling rate. When the driving frequency is greater than the characteristic frequency of electron tunnelings, fractional electron pumping occurs as an effect of quantum coherence tunneling.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
SUMCASTEC_190202_NA_GSOposter_Conference Poster_.pdf_Limoges_S. Saada_Public_NA
Creators: name: S. Saada
name: R. Manczak
name: B. Bessette
name: G. Begaud
name: C. Dalmay
name: S. Battu
name: P. Blondy
name: M. Inac
name: C. Baristiran-Kaynak
name: M. Kaynak
name: Palego, C.
name: M-O. Jaubertau
name: A. Pothier
name: F. Lalloue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Poster presentation given by Dr Sofiane Saad at the 14èmes Journées GSO, November 21-23 Novembre 2018, Montpellier, France. The presentation is entitled "Glioblastoma Cancer Stem-like Cells (CSCs) discrimination by UHF-Dielectrophoresis Crossover Frequency".
description: Record contains 2 files for: GSO Montpelier 2018 Abstract and presentation slides
Low-energy asymptotic expansion of the Green function for one-dimensional Fokker-Planck and Schrödinger equations
Creators: name: Miyazawa, Toru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Schrödinger equations and Fokker-Planck equations in one dimension, and study the low-energy asymptotic behavior of the Green function using a new method. In this method, the coefficient of the expansion in powers of the wave number can be systematically calculated to arbitrary order, and the behavior of the remainder term can be analyzed on the basis of an expression in terms of transmission and reflection coefficients.
Open Government in China: Practice and Problems
Creators: name: Zhou, Hanhua
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: This article is an introduction to the practice of open government in China which has attracted wide attention in the international community over the past several years. The introduction will be made in three aspects. The first part will offer a big picture of the present conditions of the practice, with emphases on open village affairs, open legislation, government informatization and "The Regulations on the Freedom of Information" which is being formulated at the time being. The second part will analyze into the reasons and backgrounds against which the practice occurred. The third part will discuss on various kinds of problems facing the practice of open government in China at the present stage.
Vortices, shocks, and heating in the solar photosphere: effect of a magnetic field
Creators: name: Moll, R.
name: Cameron, R. H.
name: Schüssler, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We study the differences between non-magnetic and magnetic regions in the flow and thermal structure of the upper solar photosphere. Methods: Radiative MHD simulations representing a quiet region and a plage region, respectively, which extend into the layers around the temperature minimum, are analyzed. Results: The flow structure in the upper photospheric layers of the two simulations is considerably different: the non-magnetic simulation is dominated by a pattern of moving shock fronts while the magnetic simulation shows vertically extended vortices associated with magnetic flux concentrations. Both kinds of structures induce substantial local heating. The resulting average temperature profiles are characterized by a steep rise above the temperature minimum due to shock heating in the non-magnetic case and by a flat photospheric temperature gradient mainly caused by Ohmic dissipation in the magnetic run. Conclusions: Shocks in the quiet Sun and vortices in the strongly magnetized regions represent the dominant flow structures in the layers around the temperature minimum. They are closely connected with dissipation processes providing localized heating.
description: Accepted for publicaton in A&A
Testing the Usability of Online Platforms for Integrating Research Findings
Creators: name: Webb, Thomas
name: Iqra Aslam
name: Rae, Samantha J
name: Li, XiangXiang
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Community Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Meta-analysis
subject: MetaBUS
subject: Online Platforms
subject: PsychOpenCAMA
subject: Systematic Review
subject: Usability

description: Although systematic reviews and meta-analyses are considered gold-standard methods of empirical research synthesis and play a critical role in decision-making (Impellizzeri & Bizzini, 2012), they typically demand significant expertise and extended timeframes for completion. The proliferation of literature coupled with the time and resources it takes to conduct and publish such reviews can mean that interim findings are often not included, rendering conclusions misleading or not reflective of up-to-date understanding (Sabates, 2021). Online platforms geared towards mitigating this resource-heavy and lengthy process via automation have emerged in recent years, most notably MetaBUS (Bosco et al., 2020) and PsychOpen CAMA (Burgard et al., 2022) which facilitate meta-analysis and a corpus of easily accessible curated findings. Despite advances made in expediting and automating the evidence-synthesis process, the usability of such platforms is yet to be investigated. The current study therefore aims to investigate the usability of MetaBUS and PsychOpen CAMA from a novice perspective via recruitment of undergraduate students. Scrutinising and gauging ease of use at the novice level should help to identify potential issues with respect to access and usability. In turn, this information could be used to refine the platforms, and as a result, draw closer to attaining the fundamental purpose of such platforms in effectively optimising evidence-synthesis essential to the scientific process.
Euagathis hemixanthoptera SZEPLIGETI 1914
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Euagathis
Euagathis hemixanthoptera

description: Euagathis hemixanthoptera SZÉPLIGETI, 1914
Eüagathis (!) hemixanthopterus (!) n.sp.: SZÉPLIGETI 1914: 116 (descr. ♀, Obock).
Euagathis hemixanthoptera SZÉPLIGETI, 1914: BRUES 1926: 406 (cat. Afr. reg.).
Euagathis hemixanthoptera SZÉPLIGETI, 1914: SHENEFELT 1970: 426 (world cat.).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Obock.
Euagathis hemixanthoptera is also recorded from Somalia.
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, 2018, A preliminary catalogue of the Hymenoptera (Insecta) of the Republic of Djibouti, pp. 907-967 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 909, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3776452
Assessing the implicit theories and motivations of rapists, pedophilic child molesters, and mixed offenders
Creators: name: Bennett, Andrea Heather
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The criminal files of 101 high-risk recidivating rapists, pedophilic child molesters, and mixed offenders were subjected to grounded theory analysis. Seven implicit theories (ITs) of Ward’s (2000) Implicit Theory Model (ITM) that underlie the beliefs, desires, and motives for sexual offending were identified: (a) uncontrollability, (b) entitlement, (c) women as sexual objects, (d) women are dangerous, (e) children as sexual beings, (f) nature of harm, and (g) dangerous world comprised of Factor 1 (revenge) and Factor 2 (children are trustworthy companions). Chi-square analyses further revealed that all sexual offender types held strong feelings of entitlement, rapists and mixed offenders shared similar prevalence rates for the women as sexual objects IT, and pedophilic child molesters and mixed offenders held similar prevalence rates for the uncontrollability and nature of harm ITs. Multinomial logistic regression (MLR) analyses also showed that although rapists were more likely to believe that women were dangerous, and pedophiles were more likely to believe that children were sexual beings, the ITM is more accurate at classifying sexual offenders who do not hold these ITs, indicating the model’s strong specificity. Finally, grounded theory revealed that the ITs of the ITM clustered into four motivations to sexually offend: (a) sexual, (b) aggressive, (c) sadistic and (d) intimacy. Rapists were found to be the most sadistically motivated, whereas mixed offenders were predominantly sexually motivated, and pedophilic child molesters were largely driven by a need for intimacy. The implications for treatment, predicting risk for sexual recidivism, and the ITM’s utility in assisting in offender profiling techniques are discussed.
How Responsible is Socially Responsible Investment?
Creators: name: Yunus, Annette
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: This paper examines the pros and cons of Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) practices. It provides an overview of the issues at stake, highlighting the difficulties of definition, the reasons to conduct socially orientated investments, the factors which have made SRI a serious matter of relevance in the mainstream investment industry, the appropriateness of SRI regulations, the investment performance of SRI, and the suitability of SRI in Asia.
Creating universes with thick walls
Creators: name: Ulvestad, Andrew
name: Albrecht, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a spherically symmetric false vacuum bubble embedded in a true vacuum region separated by a "thick wall", which is generated by a scalar field in a quartic potential. We study the "Farhi-Guth-Guven" (FGG) quantum tunneling process by constructing numerical solutions relevant to this process. The ADM mass of the spacetime is calculated, and we show that there is a lower bound that is a significant fraction of the scalar field mass. We argue that the zero mass solutions used to by some to argue against the physicality of the FGG process are artifacts of the thin wall approximation used in earlier work. We argue that the zero mass solutions should not be used to question the viability of the FGG process.
Effect of efavirenz on levonorgestrel concentrations among Malawian levonorgestrel implant users for up to 30 months of concomitant use: a subanalysis of a randomized clinical trial
Creators: name: Haddad, Lisa B.
name: Tegha, Gerald
name: Tang, Jennifer H.
name: Kourtis, Athena P.
name: Stanczyk, Frank Z.
name: Davis, Nicole L.
name: Corbett, Amanda H.
name: Chinula, Lameck
name: Hurst, Stacey
name: Cottrell, Mackenzie L.
name: Hosseinipour, Mina C.
name: Zia, Yasaman
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2020

description:
OBJECTIVES: Our primary objective was to compare geometric mean levonorgestrel concentrations between levonorgestrel implant users who were or were not taking the antiretroviral efavirenz, for up to 30 months after implant initiation. Our secondary objective was to evaluate the pregnancy rate among levonorgestrel implant users on efavirenz. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a subanalysis of 42 Malawian women randomized to initiate the levonorgestrel implant as part of a parent randomized clinical trial. Our subset included 30 HIV-infected women taking efavirenz and 12 HIV-uninfected women not taking efavirenz. They underwent urine pregnancy testing every 3 months and serum levonorgestrel testing at day 3 and months 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 27 and 30 after implant initiation. Geometric mean levonorgestrel concentrations were calculated for efavirenz users and non-efavirenz users at each time point. RESULTS: The geometric mean levonorgestrel concentrations were lower for efavirenz users than non-efavirenz users at every time point; the geometric mean ratio for efavirenz users:non-efavirenz users ranged from 0.60 [90% confidence interval (CI) 0.46-0.79] at 1 month to 0.27 (90% CI 0.12-0.61) at 30 months after implant insertion. No pregnancies occurred over 60 woman-years of concomitant levonorgestrel implant and efavirenz use, although 11 women had levonorgestrel concentrations < 180 pg/mL (the previously suggested minimum threshold concentration for efficacy). CONCLUSIONS: Efavirenz users had lower levonorgestrel concentrations than non-efavirenz users, and one third of our concomitant efavirenz and levonorgestrel implant users had concentrations < 180 pg/mL. Continued evaluation of the contraceptive efficacy of the levonorgestrel implant may be needed for efavirenz users. IMPLICATIONS: Among 42 Malawian women using the levonorgestrel implant for contraception, women who were taking the antiretroviral efavirenz had lower serum levonorgestrel concentrations than women who were not taking efavirenz. However, none of the women who were taking efavirenz became pregnant over 60 women-years of follow-up.
Social Mobilisation and Transparency: The Indian Experience
Creators: name: Singh, Shekhar
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: This paper is a study of the right to information movements in India, especially in terms of the social and political mobilisation involved in the getting of the right and then its exercise. The paper traces the history of the demands for information in the Indian context and attempts to describe and then weave together the various strands of the transparency movements, including movements for environmental information, for information about corruption, about development projects, about rural livelihoods, about elections, about arbitrary governance and about the right to food. The paper also describes the Indian laws and policies relevant to the right to information. It lists some of the major challenges being faced by the RTI movements, including those related to the inability or unwillingness of the state to effectively act on the information procured by the use of this right, the tendency for those who stand to be exposed through the exercise of this right to resort to physical violence, and the tendency of the state to create bureaucratic hurdles to the exercise of this right.
Bubbles and Knots in the Kinematical Structure of the Bipolar Planetary Nebula NGC 2818
Creators: name: Vázquez, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution Hubble Space Telescope (HST) archive imaging and high-dispersion spectroscopy are used to study the complex morphological and kinematical structure of the planetary nebula, NGC 2818. We analyze narrow band Hα, [O III], [N II], [S II] and He II images, addressing important morphological features. Ground-based longslit echelle spectra were obtained crossing NGC 2818 at five different positions to precisely determine kinematical features in the structure of the nebula. A distance of 2.5 kpc was used to determine physical scales. Constructing models to fit the data with modern computational tools, we find NGC 2818 is composed by: (1) a non-uniform bipolar structure with a semi-major axis of 0.92 pc (75 arcsec), possibly deformed by the stellar wind, (2) a 0.17 pc (14 arcsec) diameter central region, which is potentially the remnant of an equatorial enhancement, and (3) a great number of cometary knots. These knots are preferentially located inside a radius of 0.24 pc (20 arcsec) around the central star. The ma jor axis of the main structure is oriented at i \simeq 60\degree with respect to the line-of-sight and at PA = +89\degree on the plane of the sky. Expansion velocities of this nebula are Vpol = 105 km/s and Veq = 20 km/s, which lead to our estimate of the kinematical age of τk \simeq 8,400 \pm 3, 400 yr (assuming homologous expansion). Our observations do not support the idea that high velocity collimated ejections are responsible for the formation of microstructures inside the nebula. We determine the systemic velocity of NGC 2818 to be VHEL = +26 \pm 2 km/s.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
A polling system whose stability region depends on a whole distribution of service times
Creators: name: Chernova, Natalia
name: Foss, Sergey
name: Kim, Bara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K25, 68M20

description: We present an example of a single-server polling system with two queues and an adaptive service policy where the stability region depends on the expected values of all the primitives and also on a certain exponential moment of the service-time distribution in one of the queues. The latter parameter can not be determined, in general, in terms of any finite number of power moments. It follows that the fluid approximation approach may not be an appropriate tool for the stability study of this model.
description: 6 pages
Capital Mobility and the (In)efficiency of Fiscal Unions
Creators: name: Perotti, Roberto
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Economics

description: Several countries in all parts of the world are undergoing a process of integration, several others are experiencing strong pressures towards increasing decentralization. At the same time, many of these countries are struggling to control the expansion of redistributive expenditures and their distortionary effects on the allocation of resources. Therefore, a fundamental question in all these countries is what is the allocation of tasks to different levels of governments that best controls social expenditure and minimizes distortions. Because these processes occur within or between economies with high capital mobility, a second crucial question is therefore what are the effects of capital mobility on the budget size and productivity efficiency under different fiscal policy arrangements. This paper develops a two-country model where redistribution is determined endogenously through a voting process, and argues that a decentralized regime is likely to minimize the distortionary effects of redistribution. Surprisingly, capital mobility exacerbates the inefficiency of the centralized regime. First, capital mobility increases the distortionary effects of redistribution in the economy; second, once the choice of the regime too is endogenized, it causes a majority of individuals in both countries to choose the more inefficient regime. The paper also highlights the importance of considering specific institutional aspects of redistribution, the tax system and labour markets. An important message of the model is that a process of fiscal integration may lead to "bad" outcomes when it involves countries with very different institutional characteristics.
Soundness of Unravelings for Conditional Term Rewriting Systems via Ultra-Properties Related to Linearity
Creators: name: Nishida, Naoki
name: Sakai, Masahiko
name: Sakabe, Toshiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.2

description: Unravelings are transformations from a conditional term rewriting system (CTRS, for short) over an original signature into an unconditional term rewriting systems (TRS, for short) over an extended signature. They are not sound w.r.t. reduction for every CTRS, while they are complete w.r.t. reduction. Here, soundness w.r.t. reduction means that every reduction sequence of the corresponding unraveled TRS, of which the initial and end terms are over the original signature, can be simulated by the reduction of the original CTRS. In this paper, we show that an optimized variant of Ohlebusch's unraveling for a deterministic CTRS is sound w.r.t. reduction if the corresponding unraveled TRS is left-linear or both right-linear and non-erasing. We also show that soundness of the variant implies that of Ohlebusch's unraveling. Finally, we show that soundness of Ohlebusch's unraveling is the weakest in soundness of the other unravelings and a transformation, proposed by Serbanuta and Rosu, for (normal) deterministic CTRSs, i.e., soundness of them respectively implies that of Ohlebusch's unraveling.
description: 49 pages, 1 table, publication in Special Issue: Selected papers of the "22nd International Conference on Rewriting Techniques and Applications (RTA'11)"
Additional file 2 of SDG711 Is Involved in Rice Seed Development through Regulation of Starch Metabolism Gene Expression in Coordination with Other Histone Modifications
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaoyun
name: Luo, Junling
name: Li, Tiantian
name: Yang, Huilan
name: Wang, Ping
name: Su, Lufang
name: Zheng, Yu
name: Bao, Chun
name: Zhou, Chao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Oligonucleotides primers used in the study.
Slowly rotating black holes in alternative theories of gravity
Creators: name: Pani, Paolo
name: Macedo, Caio F. B.
name: Crispino, Luis C. B.
name: Cardoso, Vitor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present, in closed analytic form, a general stationary, slowly rotating black hole, which is solution to a large class of alternative theories of gravity in four dimensions. In these theories, the Einstein-Hilbert action is supplemented by all possible quadratic, algebraic curvature invariants coupled to a scalar field. The solution is found as a deformation of the Schwarzschild metric in General Relativity. We explicitly derive the changes to the orbital frequency at the innermost stable circular orbit and at the light ring in closed form. These results could be useful when comparing General Relativity against alternative theories by (say) measurements of X-ray emission in accretion disks, or by stellar motion around supermassive black holes. When gravitational-wave astronomy comes into force, strong constraints on the coupling parameters can in principle be made.
description: 5 pages, no figures. v2: references added and one minor correction in the discussion. Published in PRD as Brief Report
Wage structures and labor turnover in the U.S. and in Japan
Creators: name: Mincer, Jacob
name: Higuchi, Yoshio
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: The starting point of this study is the proposition that intensive formation of human capital on the job is the basic proximate reason for the strong degree of worker attachment to the firm in Japan. The greater emphasis on training and retraining, much of it specific to the firm, results also in steeper wage trajectories, due to growth of skills in the firm. We explore the question of why Japanese firms have a higher investment in human capital when compared to firms in the U.S. Our answer is that Japanese labor policies in the firm represent adjustments of worker skills and activities to very rapid technological changes of the past decades. Using productivity growth indexes for industries in the U.S. and in Japan we test the hypothesis that rapid technical change which induces greater and continuous training, is responsible for steeper profiles, hence indirectly for lesser turnover. The hypothesis is confirmed on the sectoral level in both countries. We conclude that differences in productivity growth between the U.S. and Japan account for 70-80% of the differences in the steepness of wage profiles, hence indirectly for the differences in turnover.
Critical Dynamics of a Two-dimensional Superfluid near a Non-Thermal Fixed Point
Creators: name: Schole, Jan
name: Nowak, Boris
name: Gasenzer, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical dynamics of an ultracold Bose gas far from equilibrium is studied in two spatial dimensions. Superfluid turbulence is created by quenching the equilibrium state close to zero temperature. Instead of immediately re-thermalizing, the system approaches a meta-stable transient state, characterized as a non-thermal fixed point. A focus is set on the vortex density and vortex-antivortex correlations which characterize the evolution towards the non-thermal fixed point and the departure to final (quasi-)condensation. Two distinct power-law regimes in the vortex-density decay are found and discussed in terms of a vortex binding-unbinding transition and a kinetic description of vortex scattering. A possible relation to decaying turbulence in classical fluids is pointed out. By comparing the results to equilibrium studies of a two-dimensional Bose gas, an intuitive understanding of the location of the non-thermal fixed point in a reduced phase space is developed.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures; PRA version
Final state interaction effects in electrodisintegration of the deuteron within the Bethe-Salpeter approach
Creators: name: Bondarenko, S. G.
name: Burov, V. V.
name: Rogochaya, E. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrodisintegration of the deuteron is considered within a relativistic model of nucleon-nucleon interaction based on the Bethe-Salpeter approach with a separable interaction kernel. The exclusive cross section is calculated within the impulse approximation under various kinematic conditions. Final state interactions between the outgoing nucleons are taken into account. The comparison of nonrelativistic and relativistic calculations is presented. Partial-wave states of the neutron-proton pair with total angular momentum $J=0,1$ are considered.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Evaluation of the semantics reliability of African traditional communication System as a message channel pdf
Creators: name: Akpanyia, Mathias  Oshie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Communication studies
Communication technology and digital media studies
Journalism studies
Media studies

description: The subject of traditional communication has gain a lot of attention by communication scholars, especially, those in the African region. Much as it can be established that the traditional system is bedeviled with a lot of challenges, given its, co-existence with the imposing modern media of communication, the fact remains that its roles as a channel of communication cannot be doubted…
Notes on Empirical Evidence on the Impact of Decentralization
Creators: name: Burgess, Robin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: These notes examine the economic and institutional arguments for decentralization as a means of identifying the conditions under which decentralization may or may not be successful. Burgess then offers some thoughts on how empirical evaluation of decentralization episodes can be improved and refined.
Robustness of quantum correlations against decoherence
Creators: name: Hu, Ming-Liang
name: Fan, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dynamics of nonclassical correlations by exactly solving a model consisting of two atomic qubits with spontaneous emission. We find that the nonclassical correlations defined by different measures give different qualitative characterizations of those correlations. The relative behaviors of those correlation measures are presented explicitly for various quantum states in the two-qubit atomic system. In particular, we find that the robustness of quantum correlations can be greatly enhanced by performing appropriate local unitary operations on the initial state of the system.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Characteristics of the Hedge Fund Industry in Japan
Creators: name: Sanderson, Ferenc A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Commerce

description: In recent years Japan's hedge fund industry has been an increasingly popular destination for global investor allocations. Using a comprehensive database of returns and assets under management of Asian hedge funds we investigate the size flows, performance and other characteristics of Japan's hedge fund industry. We have four main findings. First, we find that the industry has grown at a phenomenal rate since the second half of 2003, although the compound annual growth rate of assets appears to have slowed in the six months ending December 2005. Second, a time series of estimated dollar money-flows into/out of Japan's hedge fund industry points to large inflows in recent years. These have been directed at long/short equity, directional equity and event driven strategies. Third, we note that the average asset-weighted or equal-weighted performance of Japan hedge funds under-performed traditional Japan equity benchmarks. Finally, we describe the prototypical hedge fund trading Japan as being a very small, Cayman Island-domiciled fund with its portfolio managers typically domiciled outside of Japan. Additionally, we note an increase in structures in which there is Japan-based investor advisor to the offshore fund. Overall, these findings improve our understanding of industry money-flows, performance and other fund characteristics.
A Probabilistic Model of Learning in Games
Creators: name: Sanchirico, Chris William
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper presents a new, probabilistic model of learning in games which investigates the often stated intuition that common knowledge of strategic intent may arise from repeated interaction. The model is set in the usual repeated game framework, but the two key assumptions are framed in terms of the likelihood of beliefs and actions conditional on the history of play. The first assumption formalizes the basic intuition of the learning approach; the second, the indeterminacy that inspired resort to learning models in the first place. Together the assumptions imply that, almost surely, play will remain almost always within one of the stage game's "minimal inclusive sets." In important classes of games, including those with strategic complementarities, potential functions, and bandwagon effects, all such sets are singleton Nash. NOTE: This draft includes proofs left out of the published version, "A Probabilistic Model of Learning in Games," forthcoming in Econometrica.
The relationship between defense spending and economic performance in Japan
Creators: name: Dekle, Robert
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1988
Subjects: Economics

description: This essay has three aims in evaluating Japan's military security burden. First, the composition of the defense budget of Japan will be reviewed, and an attempt will be made to make the definition of the Japanese defense budget consistent with the NATO definition of the defense budget. Second, the essay seeks to provide a rough measure for the level of defense expenditures "appropriate" to the level of benefits that Japan receives from international security and maintenance of the current world order. Third and finally, the essay shows the results an experiment that will evaluate the effect on Japan's real economic growth of raising the country's defense budget-GNP ratio to the U.S. level of approximately 6.5 percent.
A potential developmental barrier for immigrants? Mixed evidence that a sensitive period affects acculturation
Creators: name: Cheung, Benjamin Yue
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Although much research has found that younger immigrants acculturate to a new host culture better than older immigrants do, little work has been done to investigate whether this is due to one’s duration of exposure to the new cultural environment, or one’s age of exposure, while one may still be in a sensitive developmental period. We conducted two studies to determine whether duration of exposure or age of exposure has a greater influence on acculturation. Study 1 found an interaction between these two factors, such that participants’ identification with North American culture increased the longer they stayed in Canada, but only for immigrants who arrived before the age of 15. It also showed that implicit measures may better show linear effects of acculturation than explicit measures. Study 2, however, failed to replicate findings from Study 1, and no consistent pattern emerged from the implicit measures that were used. Overall, there is inconsistent evidence for the existence of a sensitive period for acculturation, suggesting that more empirical investigations are required.
IACT observations of gamma-ray bursts: prospects for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
Creators: name: Gilmore, Rudy C.
name: Bouvier, Aurelien
name: Connaughton, Valerie
name: Goldstein, Adam
name: Otte, Nepomuk
name: Primack, Joel R.
name: Williams, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma rays at rest frame energies as high as 90 GeV have been reported from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). There is considerable hope that a confirmed GRB detection will be possible with the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), which will have a larger effective area and better low-energy sensitivity than current-generation imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs). To estimate the likelihood of such a detection, we have developed a phenomenological model for GRB emission between 1 GeV and 1 TeV that is motivated by the high-energy GRB detections of Fermi-LAT, and allows us to extrapolate the statistics of GRBs seen by lower energy instruments such as the Swift-BAT and BATSE on the Compton Gamma-ray Observatory. We show a number of statistics for detected GRBs, and describe how the detectability of GRBs with CTA could vary based on a number of parameters, such as the typical observation delay between the burst onset and the start of ground observations. We also consider the possibility of using GBM on Fermi as a finder of GRBs for rapid ground follow-up. While the uncertainty of GBM localization is problematic, the small field-of-view for IACTs can potentially be overcome by scanning over the GBM error region. Overall, our results indicate that CTA should be able to detect one GRB every 20 to 30 months with our baseline instrument model, assuming consistently rapid pursuit of GRB alerts, and provided that spectral breaks below 100 GeV are not a common feature of the bright GRB population. With a more optimistic instrument model, the detection rate can be as high as 1 to 2 GRBs per year.
description: 28 pages, 24 figures, 4 tables, submitted to Experimental Astronomy
Low-energy expansion formula for one-dimensional Fokker-Planck and Schrödinger equations with periodic potentials
Creators: name: Miyazawa, Toru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low-energy behavior of the Green function for one-dimensional Fokker-Planck and Schrödinger equations with periodic potentials. We derive a formula for the power series expansion of reflection coefficients in terms of the wave number, and apply it to the low-energy expansion of the Green function.
Japan's industrial structure in crisis: National concerns and international implications
Creators: name: Patrick, Hugh T.
name: Rosenbluth, Frances
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: The purpose of this essay is to summarize and distill the informative presentations and lively discussion of a conference that was held on the Japanese industrial structure. Japan now faces the challenge of the third period of major restructuring of its economy since World War II. The first involved the reconstruction of Japan's war-torn economy and its transformation to civilian goods production. The second restructuring was in response to the huge, unexpected oil price hikes, especially in 1973-74 but also in 1979-80. The current transformation is in direct response to the unprecedentedly great appreciation of the yen from its low point in early 1985. Japan now faces the combined pressures of a stronger yen, competition from newly industrializing countries and other low-cost producers, and continued demands from its trading partners to reduce its continuingly huge current account surpluses.
“It’s such a wonderful world to inhabit”
Creators: name: Toft-Nielsen, Claus
Publisher: name: Akademisk kvarter | Academic Quarter
Year: 2013

description: The fantasy genre has proven to be extremely durable in creating blockbuster successes spanning mutable media platforms, such as books, film, television series, tabletop, and especially massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs). Currently 85% of all MMORPGs are situated in clearly defined fantasy universes (Van Geel, 2012). In other words: The fantasy genre seems to lend itself perfectly to the creation and distribution of vast, game-centric worlds in a way no other genres can. Why is that? This article explores the close connection between the fantasy genre and computer games, arguing that the fantasy genre’s specific ‘mode of function’ is the utilization of space and spatiality thus creating specific kinds of spatial experiences for its users, be that readers, viewers, or gamers. Based on empirical data from focus group interviews with World of Warcraft-gamers, the article develops the concept of worldness as a means for opening up for an experiential, phenomenological understanding of player experience. I discuss how this way of framing a core quality of the fantasy genre (of world-building) functions across single media platforms and aims to grasp a specific fantasy experience of being in the world.
description: Akademisk kvarter | Academic Quarter, Bestseller and Blockbuster Culture, Vol. 7