Caliroa staphyleae Oishi 1961
Creators: name: Hara, Hideho
name: Ibuki, Shinichi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Caliroa
Caliroa staphyleae

description: Caliroa staphyleae Oishi, 1961
(Figs 1O, 2 G–J, 3J, U, 4N–P, 5J, 9C–F, 11P–R)
Caliroa staphyleae Takeuchi [sic]: Oishi, 1961: 30, 37.
Caliroa staphylae [sic]: Okutani, 1967: 95, 96. Misspelling of staphyleae.
Caliroa staphyleae: Abe & Togashi, 1989: 547.
Caliroa staphylea Okutani, 1965: 30, 31, 33; Okutani, 1967: 96; Taeger et al., 2010: 367. Synonymized by Okutani, 1967. Caliroa staphyles [sic] Okutani, 1965: 31. Misspelling of staphylea.
Redescription: female and male. Length 4.5–5.5 mm in female, 3.5–4.5 mm in male. Black, shiny with colorless reflection (Fig. 2 G–J). Clypeus black, sometimes yellow brown to brown. Labrum yellow to brown. Mandible black, apically reddish brown, sometimes basally brown. Palpi brown to dark brown. Legs black; fore and middle legs yellow to yellow brown on apices of femora to tarsi, slightly or distinctly darkened on apices of tarsi, sometimes brown on trochanters and their adjacent areas; hind leg yellow to dark brown on trochanter and its adjacent areas, yellow to yellow brown on apex of femur to tarsus, slightly or distinctly darkened on apices of tibia and tarsus; tibial spurs and claws yellow. Wings brown to black on basal two thirds, colorless transparent on apical third; veins and stigma brown to black.
Postocellar area 1.4–1.8 × as wide as length behind lateral ocellus, without anterior groove. Clypeus shallowly emarginated ventrally (Fig. 3J); depth of emargination 0.1–0.2 × median length of clypeus. Malar space as wide as or slightly wider than facet of eye in female, slightly narrower than facet of eye in male; row of setae present, often partly absent in male. First flagellomere 0.9–1.2 × as long as second and third flagellomeres combined (Fig. 3U); apical four flagellomeres combined 0.9–1.0 × as long as first flagellomere. Forewing with joint of vein Rs and crossvein 2r-rs located at apical 0.50–0.70 of anterior margin of cell 1Rs2 (Fig. 2G, I); basal corner of cell 1M acute. Hind wing of female with joint of vein 1A and crossvein cu-a located apical to apex of cell 1A (Fig. 4N, O); crossveins 2r-m and m-cu absent, often both or either of them present. Hind wing of male as in that of female (Fig. 4P); crossveins 2r-m and m-cu both absent or vestigial; marginal vein absent; apex of cell 1A widely separated from wing margin.
Punctures mostly minute or inconspicuous. Head and thorax mostly smooth. Mesoscutellum posterolaterally with one to three relatively large punctures along posterior margin (Fig. 5J). Mesoscutellar appendage setose, laterally narrowly glabrous. Dorsum of abdomen slightly microsculptured.
Lance (Fig. 9C) with dorsal margin very slightly serrate apically. Lancet (Fig. 9 C–F) with 17–18 serrulae; ctenidia pale, ventrally extending near level of base of serrula; serrulae very shallow, with three to five anterior and six to seven posterior teeth; areas between middle serrulae convex, much narrower than adjacent serrula.
Male genitalia (Fig. 11 P–R) in ventral view with harpe widest at middle, roundly convex on lateral and medial margins. Penisvalve slender, apically rounded in lateral view.
Material examined. Type material examined. Lectotype of Caliroa staphyleae Oishi, 1961 [here designated] (Figs 2G, H, 3U, 4N, 5J, 9C, D): ♀, “1, VIII, 1955, [Hobara-machi, Fukushima-ken (in Japanese), Takeuchi” [on upper side] “[Oishi Toshio (in Japanese)]” [on underside], “Host: [Mitsubautsugi (in Japanese; = Staphylea bumalda)]”, “ Holotype ”. Paralectotypes of C. staphyleae: 1♀ 1♂, with the same two labels as the former two labels of the lectotype.
Although Oishi (1961) called this species “ C. staphyleae Takeuchi ”, Takeuchi never published this name. Oishi (1961) used this name for the first time and gave a description of the species. The above three specimens were found in Takeuchi’s collection in the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba. They are safely regarded as the types of Caliroa staphyleae Oishi, 1961, because Oishi (1961) stated that “[I found Caliroa larvae feeding on Staphylea bumalda in my garden [Hobara, Fukushima Pref.] on July 17, 1955. ... I let my second son rear them. Because they seemed a different species from Caliroa zelkovae, I requested their identifications to the doctor Takeuchi. There was a notice from the doctor on September 14 that it was a new species and named Caliroa staphyleae Takeuchi]” in Japanese. Oishi (1961) also mentioned more specimens, but we have been unable to locate them. The holotype was not designated in the original description. We here select the female with the label “ Holotype ” probably written by Takeuchi as the lectotype.
Holotype and paratype of Caliroa staphylea Okutani, 1965: 1 ♀, “[Oze (in Japanese)], 26-v-1951. Br., [Mitsub- autsugi (in Japanese; = Staphylea bumalda)], VIII-’50 (L), [Hasegawa Hitoshi (in Japanese)]”, “ Caliroa ” (Figs 2I, J, 9E, F); 1♀, “[Mitsubautsugi (in Japanese; = Staphylea bumalda)], [Oze-numa (in Japanese)], 26-v ’51 [(U) (in Japanese; = emergence)]”.
In the sawfly collection of the Kobe University where Okutani’s material had been deposited (now kept in the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba), there were no specimens with the type label of C. staphylea, but we found the above two females generally agreeing with Okutani’s (1965) statements in the original description, “Types: 2♀♀ (including holotype) emerged on 26-v-1951 from the larvae collected by H. Hasegawa at Oze, Gumma on Aug., 1950” and “Food-plant: Staphylea Bumalda (Thunb.) DC., Staphyleaceae ”. Their body lengths (5.0– 5.5 mm) are shorter than the body length (6.5 mm) stated in the original description, but we believe them to be the types of C. staphylea. It is not certain which of the two females is the holotype. We found another female with almost the same label as the holotype (see other material examined) in Takeuchi’s collection. It is not regarded as a type of C. staphylea, because Okutani (1965) described this species based on the two females deposited in the “ Hyogo University of Agriculture” [= Kobe University].
Other material examined. JAPAN: HOKKAIDO: 2♀ 6♂, Sapporo, em. 10 or 15. V. 1932, K. Sato. —HONSHU: Tochigi Pref.: 3♀, Nakagawa, Bato, coll. larvae on Staphylea bumalda 9. VII. 2012, mat. 12–14. VII., em. 26. VII. 2012, S. Ibuki; 2♀, same data but coll. larvae 2. VII. 2014, mat. 19–23. VII., em. 15–17. V. 2015; 1♀ 1♂, Nakagawa, Wami, coll. larvae on S. bumalda 9. VII. 2012, mat. 12–14. VII., em. 25–26. VII. 2012, S. Ibuki; 3♀ 1♂, Nakagawa, Banboku-toge, coll. larvae on S. bumalda 2. VII. 2017, mat. 14. VII., em. 29. VII. 2017, S. Ibuki; 1♀, Sakura–Ka- mikogura, Kinugawa-river, oviposition on S. bumalda, 12. VI. 2005, T. Saito; 3♀, Utsunomiya, Kamikogura, coll. larvae on S. bumalda 9. VII. 2011, em. 21–28. VII. 2011, T. Saito; 20♀ 13♂, same data but larvae coll. 6. VII. 2012, em. 21–24. VII. 2012.—Gumma Pref.: 1♀, “[Oze (in Japanese)], [Mitsubautsugi (in Japanese; = S. bumalda)], 26- v-1951 (A), VIII-’50 (L), [Hasegawa Hitoshi (in Japanese)]”.— Tokyo Met.: 1♀, “ Tokyo ”, 27. V. 1956, K. Sato.
Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido (new record), Honshu (Oishi, 1961).
Bionomics. Host plants: Staphyleaceae: Staphylea bumalda DC. (Oishi, 1961; Okutani, 1965).
Adults were collected in May and June, and larvae in July and August. Larvae gregariously fed on the under surfaces of leaves. In rearing condition, the larvae collected on early July became adults on late July or in the next spring. This sawfly has one or two generations a year, with polymodal adult emergence.
Remarks. Among eastern Palearctic and Oriental species, C. staphyleae is similar to C. aizankei, part of C. vaccini and part of C. zelkovae in having a black body with colorless reflection, a hind tibia with pale areas, basally dark and apically transparent wings and a female hind wing with the joint of vein 1A and crossvein cu-a located apical to the apex of cell 1A, but they are distinguished as stated under the key above.
In the key to western Palearctic species by Lacourt (2002), C. staphyleae goes to the couplet 6, but does not agree with either line of the couplet.
In the key to Nearctic species by Smith (1971), the female of C. staphyleae goes to the couplet 7, but does not fit either line of the couplet, and the male of C. staphyleae goes to the male of C. cerasi, but they are distinguished as stated under the key above.
description: Published as part of Hara, Hideho & Ibuki, Shinichi, 2020, Caliroa slug sawflies of Japan (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), pp. 301-333 in Zootaxa 4768 (3) on pages 322-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4768.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3783994