cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gamma Ray Bursts as Probes of Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Piran, Tsvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) are short and intense pulses of $γ$-rays arriving from random directions in the sky. Several years ago Amelino-Camelia et al. pointed out that a comparison of time of arrival of photons at different energies from a GRB could be used to measure (or obtain a limit on) possible deviations from a constant speed of light at high photons energies. I review here our current understanding of GRBs and reconsider the possibility of performing these observations.
description: Lectures given at the 40th winter school of theretical physics: Quantum Gravity and Phenomenology, Feb. 2004 Poland
2011 North Dakota Agricultural Outlook: Representative Farms, 2011-2020
Creators: name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: net farm income
subject: debt-to-asset ratios
subject: cropland prices
subject: land rental rates
subject: farm operating expenses
subject: capitalization rate
subject: risk

description: Net farm income in North Dakota was at record levels for most representative farms in 2010. However income in 2020 is projected to be lower than in 2010. Commodity prices are expected to decrease slowly from current levels. Commodity yields are projected to increase at historical trend-line rates and production expenses are expected to return to normal growth rates. Debt-to-asset ratios for all farms except for the low profit farm will decrease slightly throughout the forecast period. Debt-to-asset ratios for the low-profit farms are expected to increase slightly.
Gauged $B-L$ symmetry and baryogenesis via leptogenesis at TeV scale
Creators: name: Sahu, Narendra
name: Yajnik, Urjit A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the requirement of preservation of baryon asymmetry does not rule out a scale for leptogenesis as low as 10 TeV. The conclusions are compatible with see-saw mechanism if for example the pivot mass scale for neutrinos is $\approx 10^{-2}$ that of the charged leptons. We explore the parameter space $\tilde{m}_1$-$M_1$ of relevant light and heavy neutrino masses by solving Boltzmann equations. A viable scenario for obtaining baryogenesis in this way is presented in the context of gauged $B-L$ symmetry.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, references added, match with journal version
Valuing remnant vegetation in Central Queensland using choice modelling
Creators: name: Blamey, Russell K.
name: Rolfe, John
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
name: Morrison, Mark
name: Blamey, Russell K.
name: Rolfe, John
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
name: Morrison, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: In the Desert Uplands region of Central Queensland, many pastoralists are clearing vegetation in order to improve cattle grazing production. A choice modelling study was undertaken to provide estimates of the benefits of retaining remnant vegetation that are appropriate for inclusion in a cost benefit analysis of tighter clearing restrictions. Attributes included in the choice model were reductions in the population size of non‐threatened species, the number of endangered species lost to the region, and changes in regional income and employment. A nested logit model was used to model the data in order to avoid violations of the independence of irrelevant alternatives condition. The estimated benefits are reported for several tree clearing policy regimes that are more stringent than those currently applied.
Additional file 4 of Mitochondrial tRNA methylation in Alzheimer’s disease and progressive supranuclear palsy
Creators: name: Talisa K. Silzer
name: Pathak, Gita A.
name: Phillips, Nicole R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4. Boxplot by diagnosis.
Domestic support and the WTO negotiations
Creators: name: Sumner, Daniel A.
name: Sumner, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: In their attempt to maximise trade benefits, agricultural trade negotiators must allocate scarce resources and consider trade‐offs across issues such as liberalising foreign border measures or reducing foreign domestic subsidies. Analysis and examples support the notion that more liberalisation will be achieved in the new WTO round by emphasis on lowering border barriers and export subsidies rather than attempting to discipline domestic farm subsidies directly. Analyses of EU grain policy, Korean rice policy and US sugar policy show how reduced export subsidy or more import access have substantial trade benefits, even if farmers are compensated with payments or price supports.
Bound States and Critical Behavior of the Yukawa Potential
Creators: name: Luo, Xiang-Qian
name: Li, Yong-Yao
name: Kroger, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the bound states of the Yukawa potential $V(r)=-λ\exp(-αr)/ r$, using different algorithms: solving the Schrödinger equation numerically and our Monte Carlo Hamiltonian approach. There is a critical $α=α_C$, above which no bound state exists. We study the relation between $α_C$ and $λ$ for various angular momentum quantum number $l$, and find in atomic units, $α_{C}(l)= λ[A_{1} \exp(-l/ B_{1})+ A_{2} \exp(-l/ B_{2})]$, with $A_1=1.020(18)$, $B_1=0.443(14)$, $A_2=0.170(17)$, and $B_2=2.490(180)$.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables. Version to appear in Sciences in China G
Culture and education among the Ditidaht: reflecting on sacredness, origins, and language
Creators: name: Touchie, Bernice
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The thesis explores how a small First Nation community (pop. 770) could find a means for implementing programs for Native language revitalization that engenders the strengths from the culture as a conducive and more effective learning environment. The investigation was done as a qualitative case study that respects Indigenous standards for reciprocity and responsibility as a research style. Through a research-as-participant method, the research reciprocated with language initiatives as action research. In order for the language to excel using second-language methodologies, this study concludes, it will be necessary to form a receptive environment based on cultural concerns with sacred origins and local epistemologies. There is also a need for local reconciliation and healing resulting from injustices inflicted by colonialist policies. Much work is demanded in the local level in cultural interpretation and reconstruction of Indigenous knowledge, while revitalizing the First Native language through methodologies conducive to intergenerational passage and through collaborative organizational style. The research also found that First Nations both professional and lay-persons may not be aware of the need to break away from many Eurocentric paradigms that interfere with the full appreciation and application of Indigenous group dynamics and socialization.
The AGB superwind speed at low metallicity
Creators: name: Marshall, Jonathan R.
name: van Loon, Jacco Th.
name: Matsuura, Mikako
name: Wood, Peter R.
name: Zijlstra, Albert A.
name: Whitelock, Patricia A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a survey for OH maser emission at 1612 MHz from dust-enshrouded AGB stars and supergiants in the LMC and SMC, with the Parkes radio telescope, aimed at deriving the speed of the superwind from the double-peaked OH maser profiles. Out of 8 targets in the LMC we detected 5, of which 3 are new detections - no maser emission was detected in the two SMC targets. We detected for the first time the redshifted components of the OH maser profile in the extreme red supergiant IRAS 04553-6825, confirming the suspicion that its wind speed had been severely underestimated. Despite a much improved spectrum for IRAS 04407-7000, which was known to exhibit a single-peaked OH maser, no complementary peak could be detected. The new detection in IRAS 05003-6712 was also single-peaked, but for two other new detections, IRAS 04498-6842 and IRAS 05558-7000, wind speeds could be determined from their double-peaked maser profiles. The complete sample of known OH/IR stars in the LMC is compared with a sample of OH/IR stars in the galactic centre. The LMC sources generally show a pronounced asymmetry between the bright blueshifted maser emission and weaker redshifted emission, which we attribute to the greater contribution of amplification of radiation coming directly from the star itself as the LMC sources are both more luminous and less dusty than their galactic centre counterparts. We confirm that the OH maser strength is a measure of the dust (rather than gas) mass-loss rate. At a given luminosity or pulsation period, the wind speed in LMC sources is lower than in galactic centre sources, and the observed trends confirm simple radiation-driven wind theory if the dust-to-gas ratio is approximately proportional to the metallicity.
description: 13 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 10 of Development of an intervention to facilitate implementation and uptake of diabetic retinopathy screening
Creators: name: Riordan, Fiona
name: Racine, Emmy
name: Phillip, Eunice T.
name: Bradley, Colin
name: Lorencatto, Fabiana
name: Murphy, Mark
name: Murphy, Aileen
name: Browne, John
name: Smith, Susan M.
name: Kearney, Patricia M.
name: McHugh, Sheena M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 10. Script.
Agriculture's 'multifunctionality' and the WTO
Creators: name: Anderson, Kym
name: Anderson, Kym
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Are the agricultural policy reforms embodied in the Uruguay Round consistent with meeting domestic policy objectives such as providing adequate food security, environmental protection and viability of rural areas? This article examines the claim that agriculture deserves more price support and import protection than other sectors because of the non‐marketed externalities and public goods it produces jointly with marketable food and fibre (agriculture’s so‐called ‘multifunctionality’). Do these unrewarded positive externalities exceed the negative externalities from farming by more than the net positive externalities produced by other sectors? To what extent are those farmer‐produced spillovers under‐supplied, and what are the most efficient ways to boost their production to the socially optimal levels? The article concludes that there is little trade‐off required to meet domestic policy objectives on the one hand and agricultural protection reform objectives as embodied in WTO rules on the other.
Exact conjectured expressions for correlations in the dense O$(1)$ loop model on cylinders
Creators: name: Mitra, Saibal
name: Nienhuis, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present conjectured exact expressions for two types of correlations in the dense O$(n=1)$ loop model on $L\times \infty$ square lattices with periodic boundary conditions. These are the probability that a point is surrounded by $m$ loops and the probability that $k$ consecutive points on a row are on the same or on different loops. The dense O$(n=1)$ loop model is equivalent to the bond percolation model at the critical point. The former probability can be interpreted in terms of the bond percolation problem as giving the probability that a vertex is on a cluster that is surrounded by $\floor{m/2}$ clusters and $\floor{(m+1)/2}$ dual clusters. The conjectured expression for this probability involves a binomial determinant that is known to give weighted enumerations of cyclically symmetric plane partitions and also of certain types of families of nonintersecting lattice paths. By applying Coulomb gas methods to the dense O$(n=1)$ loop model, we obtain new conjectures for the asymptotics of this binomial determinant.
description: 17 pages, replaced by version accepted by JSTAT
The application of trade and growth theories to agriculture: a survey
Creators: name: Van Berkum, Siemen
name: Van Meijl, Hans
name: Van Berkum, Siemen
name: Van Meijl, Hans
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: International Development
International Relations/Trade

description: This article reviews a broad range of theoretical concepts available to explain international trade in agricultural and food products. For many years agricultural trade analyses were largely based on traditional perceptions of comparative advantage following neoclassical theory. Observations of agricultural trade suggest, however, that concepts from modern trade and growth theories are increasingly relevant. This survey demonstrates that many opportunities exist for applying these new theories to the modern food economy.
title: Performance of survival models on predictive maintenance of construction machines : semiparametric evaluation of predictive models
Creators: name: Guimarães, Daniel
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: survival analysis
subject: Cox models
subject: predictive maintenance

description: Manufacturers of construction machines often provide tools to contractors to monitor through telecommunication devices the state of machines. Besides telematics data, repair information are sometimes collected by mechanics with the intention of improving the maintenance strategy. These two sources of data allow the construction of statistical models capable of condition-based maintenance. Nevertheless, either human effort need to be systematized or a cross-disciplinary effort must emerge to train statistical methods for use in production. Concretely, the reconstruction of the failure event from the repair, i.e. to understand the relationship between the modelled repair intervention and the failure event. Additionally, the model yielded poor discrimination and accuracy for production. This study demonstrates the process of building, testing and validating the Cox proportional hazards predictive model in the context of construction machines. It presents the basic framework and validation process which potential production models must abide. Moreover, insights on what can be done to improve data extraction.
Counting from Sky: A Large-scale Dataset for Remote Sensing Object Counting and A Benchmark Method
Creators: name: Gao, Guangshuai
name: Liu, Qingjie
name: Wang, Yunhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Object counting, whose aim is to estimate the number of objects from a given image, is an important and challenging computation task. Significant efforts have been devoted to addressing this problem and achieved great progress, yet counting the number of ground objects from remote sensing images is barely studied. In this paper, we are interested in counting dense objects from remote sensing images. Compared with object counting in a natural scene, this task is challenging in the following factors: large scale variation, complex cluttered background, and orientation arbitrariness. More importantly, the scarcity of data severely limits the development of research in this field. To address these issues, we first construct a large-scale object counting dataset with remote sensing images, which contains four important geographic objects: buildings, crowded ships in harbors, large-vehicles and small-vehicles in parking lots. We then benchmark the dataset by designing a novel neural network that can generate a density map of an input image. The proposed network consists of three parts namely attention module, scale pyramid module and deformable convolution module to attack the aforementioned challenging factors. Extensive experiments are performed on the proposed dataset and one crowd counting datset, which demonstrate the challenges of the proposed dataset and the superiority and effectiveness of our method compared with state-of-the-art methods.
description: To be prepared in TGRS
Dynamics of particles trapped by dissipative domain walls
Creators: name: Dolinina, D. A.
name: Shalin, A. S.
name: Yulin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter we study the interactions of the dissipative domain walls with dielectric particles. It is shown that particles can be steadily trapped by the moving domain walls. The influence of the ratchet effect on particle trapping is considered. It is demonstrated, that the ratchet effect allows to obtain high accuracy in particle manipulation.
Flavor-singlet light-cone amplitudes and radiative Upsilon decays in SCET
Creators: name: Fleming, Sean
name: Leibovich, Adam K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of flavor-singlet, light-cone amplitudes in the soft-collinear effective theory (SCET), and reproduce results previously obtained by a different approach. We apply our calculation to the color-singlet contribution to the photon endpoint in radiative Upsilon decay. In a previous paper, we studied the color-singlet contributions to the endpoint, but neglected operator mixing, arguing that it should be a numerically small effect. Nevertheless the mixing needs to be included in a consistent calculation, and we do just that in this work. We find that the effects of mixing are indeed numerically small. This result combined with previous work on the color-octet contribution and the photon fragmentation contribution provides a consistent theoretical treatment of the photon spectrum in radiative Upsilon decay.
description: 19 pages with 8 figures
Transition, development and the supply of wheat in China
Creators: name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Huang, Jikun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The overall goal of this article is to better understand the factors that influence China’s wheat supply. We assess trends in China’s wheat output and develop a framework to measure the relationship between output and key determinants of China’s wheat sector growth. Elasticity estimates and factor growth trends help decompose the growth of reform‐era wheat supply into its component parts. The results show that growth in the early reform period was due to institutional change and technology. In the late reform period, however, with the returns to institutional change exhausted, all of China’s growth in wheat supply was due to technology, a result that implies China’s government should invest heavily in agricultural research and development.
Updating an input-output table for use in policy analysis
Creators: name: Buetre, Benjamin L.
name: Ahmadi-Esfahani, Fredoun Z.
name: Buetre, Benjamin L.
name: Ahmadi-Esfahani, Fredoun Z.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The long lag in the publication of input–output tables is one of the central constraints in applied general equilibrium analysis. Model builders often use out‐dated databases leading to analyses that are inappropriate for the policy questions being addressed. This occurs particularly when there exists a significant structural change in the economy. We discuss the updating of an input–output table of the Philippines by simulation technique. A detailed computable general equilibrium model of the Philippine economy with comparative static and forecasting capabilities is utilised. The data are drawn from known percentage changes of macroeconomic variables such as those in the national accounts and structural variables such as employment and output by industry.
Agricultural extension policy in Australia: the good, the bad, and the misguided
Creators: name: Marsh, Sally P.
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Marsh, Sally P.
name: Pannell, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: In most states of Australia, agricultural extension policies and practices have increasingly been based on considerations of private/public goods, user pays and cost recovery. In addition, the delivery of extension has been strongly influenced by changing administrative structures and a change in the paradigm within which the extension community operates. These changes have had major impacts, including more extension being delivered by the private sector. There are positive aspects to the changes and, for some issues, they are appropriate. However, we have a number of reservations, particularly about the effectiveness of current extension systems in assisting the adoption of complex environmental and farming system technologies.
Additional file 1 of Mitochondrial tRNA methylation in Alzheimer’s disease and progressive supranuclear palsy
Creators: name: Talisa K. Silzer
name: Pathak, Gita A.
name: Phillips, Nicole R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures.
Agricultural extension policy in Australia: public funding and market failure
Creators: name: Mullen, John D.
name: Vernon, Don
name: Fishpool, Ken I.
name: Mullen, John D.
name: Vernon, Don
name: Fishpool, Ken I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Trends in public expenditure on agricultural extension are examined for Agriculture Departments in four States. There is little evidence that the share of public resources going to extension has declined. However, new demands have meant that the nature of extension has changed. A strategic approach to examining issues, such as land degradation, for the source of market failure may better guide the use of scarce public resources than the traditional focus on the public goods characteristics of research and extension. The case for evaluating broad functions such as research and extension is becoming more questionable as these functions become more diverse.
Towards MPI progression layer elimination with TCP and SCTP
Creators: name: Penoff, Bradley Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: MPI middleware glues together the components necessary for execution. A l most all implementations have a communication component also called a message progression layer that progresses outstanding messages and maintains their state. The goal of this work is to thin or eliminate this communication component by pushing the functionality down onto the standard IP stack in order to take advantage of potential advances in commodity networking. We introduce a TCP-based design that successfully eliminates the communication component. We discuss how this eliminated TCP-based design doesn't scale and show a more scalable design based on the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) that has a thinned communication component. We compare the designs showing why SCTP one-to-many sockets in their current form can only thin and not completely eliminate the communication component. We show what additional features would be required of SCTP to enable a practical design with a fully eliminated communication component.
Collisional heating and compaction of small bodies: Constraints for their origin and evolution
Creators: name: Jutzi, Martin
name: Michel, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current properties of small bodies provide important clues to their origin and history. However, how much small bodies were processed by past collisions and to what extent they retain a record of processes that took place during the formation and early evolution of the Solar System is still poorly understood. Here we study the degree of collisional heating and compaction by analysing the large set of previous simulations of small body break-ups by Jutzi et al. (2019), which used porous targets of 50 - 400 km in diameter and investigated a large range of impact velocities, angles as well as energies. We find that the degree of impact processing is generally larger than found in previous studies which considered smaller objects (e.g. Jutzi et al., 2017; Schwartz et al., 2018). However, there is a clear dichotomy in terms of impact processing: the escaping material always experiences stronger heating than the material bound to the largest remnant. Assuming they originate from the same parent body, some of the observed differences between the recently visited asteroids Ryugu and Bennu may be explained by a different location of the material eventually forming these asteroids in the original parent body. Our results also provide constraints on the initial size of cometary nuclei.
description: 34 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in Icarus
Dyonic Masses from Conformal Field Strengths in D even Dimensions
Creators: name: D'Auria, R.
name: Ferrara, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that D/2--form gauge fields in D even dimensions can get a mass with both electric and magnetic contributions when coupled to conformal field--strengths whose gauge potentials is are \frac {D-2}{2}- forms. Denoting by e^I_Łand m^{IŁ} the electric and magnetic couplings, gauge invariance requires: e^I_Łm^{JŁ}\mp e^J_Łm^{IŁ}=0, where I,Ł= 1... m denote the species of gauge potentials of degree D/2 and gauge fields of degree D/2-1, respectively. The minus and plus signs refer to the two different cases D=4n and D=4n+2 respectively and the given constraints are respectively {\rm {Sp}}(2m) and {\rm {O}}(m,m) invariant. For the simplest examples, (I,Ł=1 for D=4n and I,Ł=1,2 for D=4n+2) both the e,m quantum numbers contribute to the mass \m=\sqrt {e^2 +m^2} . This phenomenon generalizes to $D$ even dimensions the coupling of massive antisymmetric tensors which appear in D=4 supergravity Lagrangians which derive from flux compactifications in higher dimensions. For D=4 we give the supersymmetric generalization of such couplings using N=1 superspace.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX source, typos corrected. Version to appear on Phys.Lett.B
Pre-training of Graph Neural Network for Modeling Effects of Mutations on Protein-Protein Binding Affinity
Creators: name: Liu, Xianggen
name: Luo, Yunan
name: Song, Sen
name: Peng, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modeling the effects of mutations on the binding affinity plays a crucial role in protein engineering and drug design. In this study, we develop a novel deep learning based framework, named GraphPPI, to predict the binding affinity changes upon mutations based on the features provided by a graph neural network (GNN). In particular, GraphPPI first employs a well-designed pre-training scheme to enforce the GNN to capture the features that are predictive of the effects of mutations on binding affinity in an unsupervised manner and then integrates these graphical features with gradient-boosting trees to perform the prediction. Experiments showed that, without any annotated signals, GraphPPI can capture meaningful patterns of the protein structures. Also, GraphPPI achieved new state-of-the-art performance in predicting the binding affinity changes upon both single- and multi-point mutations on five benchmark datasets. In-depth analyses also showed GraphPPI can accurately estimate the effects of mutations on the binding affinity between SARS-CoV-2 and its neutralizing antibodies. These results have established GraphPPI as a powerful and useful computational tool in the studies of protein design.
Random singlet phase of cold atoms coupled to a photonic crystal waveguide
Creators: name: Li, David Z.
name: Manzoni, Marco T.
name: Chang, Darrick E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems consisting of cold atoms trapped near photonic crystal waveguides have recently emerged as an exciting platform for quantum atom-light interfaces. Such a system enables realization of tunable long-range interactions between internal states of atoms (spins), mediated by guided photons. Currently, experimental platforms are still limited by low filling fractions, where the atom number is much smaller than the number of sites at which atoms can potentially be trapped. Here, we show that this regime in fact enables interesting many-body quantum phenomena, which are typically associated with short-range disordered systems. As an example, we show how the system can realize the so-called "random singlet phase", in which all atoms pair into entangled singlets, but the pairing occurs over a distribution of ranges as opposed to nearest neighbors. We use a renormalization group method to obtain the distribution of spin entanglement in the random singlet phase, and show how this state can be approximately reached via adiabatic evolution from the ground state of a non-interacting Hamiltonian. We also discuss how experimentally this random singlet phase can be observed. We anticipate that this work will accelerate the route toward the exploration of strongly correlated matter in atom-nanophotonics interfaces, by avoiding the requirement of perfectly filled lattices.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures. Changed the first letter in the title to uppercase, and removed the affiliations of the authors on arXiv webpage
Datasets related to project "Financial Abilities in neurological diseases. Development of a telerehabilitation program: FINAGE" (part 11)
Creators: name: Burgio, Francesca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The file contains the second part of MRI data of subjects with right-side Stroke, collected for the "Financial Abilities in neurological diseases. Development of a telerehabilitation program: FINAGE" (GR-2018-12367927) project, funded by the Italian Ministry of Health under the Ricerca Finalizzata (2018) call.
Economic analysis of improved perennial pasture systems
Creators: name: Lewis, Claire
name: Malcolm, Bill
name: Farquharson, Robert J.
name: Leury, Brian
name: Behrendt, Ralph
name: Clark, Steve
name: Lewis, Claire
name: Malcolm, Bill
name: Farquharson, Robert J.
name: Leury, Brian
name: Behrendt, Ralph
name: Clark, Steve
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: representative farm analysis
subject: pasture improvement
subject: EverGraze

description: New perennial pasture grazing systems have been developed for livestock production in the high rainfall zone of southern Australia. These systems provide producers in south west Victoria with the opportunity to increase stocking rate per hectare compared to current practice. A partial discounted cash flow budget with a whole farm perspective was used to analyse the economic performance, and risk implications, of a 100 hectare investment in the new perennial pasture systems over time for a representative farm at a range of stocking rates. The effect of seasonal variability was investigated and the impact of establishment failure was examined. Based on the assumptions about pasture performance used in the analysis, the new perennial pasture systems were more profitable than current practice at all stocking rates tested with successful establishment. If establishment was successful, an increase in stocking rate was not required to achieve a positive return on investment as a result of reduced supplementary feeding requirements. Risk and return increased concurrently with increasing stocking rate. Increasing stocking rate up to 30 DSE/ha reduced the time taken for the pasture investment to return to positive net cash flow.
Self-play Reinforcement Learning for Video Transmission
Creators: name: Huang, Tianchi
name: Zhang, Rui-Xiao
name: Sun, Lifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Video transmission services adopt adaptive algorithms to ensure users' demands. Existing techniques are often optimized and evaluated by a function that linearly combines several weighted metrics. Nevertheless, we observe that the given function fails to describe the requirement accurately. Thus, such proposed methods might eventually violate the original needs. To eliminate this concern, we propose \emph{Zwei}, a self-play reinforcement learning algorithm for video transmission tasks. Zwei aims to update the policy by straightforwardly utilizing the actual requirement. Technically, Zwei samples a number of trajectories from the same starting point and instantly estimates the win rate w.r.t the competition outcome. Here the competition result represents which trajectory is closer to the assigned requirement. Subsequently, Zwei optimizes the strategy by maximizing the win rate. To build Zwei, we develop simulation environments, design adequate neural network models, and invent training methods for dealing with different requirements on various video transmission scenarios. Trace-driven analysis over two representative tasks demonstrates that Zwei optimizes itself according to the assigned requirement faithfully, outperforming the state-of-the-art methods under all considered scenarios.
description: To appear in NOSSDAV'20
The Galaxy Structure-Redshift Relationship
Creators: name: Conselice, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There exists a gradual, but persistent, evolutionary effect in the galaxy population such that galaxy structure and morphology change with redshift. This galaxy structure-redshift relationship is such that an increasingly large fraction of all bright and massive galaxies at redshifts 2 < z < 3 are morphologically peculiar at wavelengths from rest-frame ultraviolet to rest-frame optical. There are however examples of morphologically selected spirals and ellipticals at all redshifts up to z ~ 3. At lower redshift, the bright galaxy population smoothly transforms into normal ellipticals and spirals. The rate of this transformation strongly depends on redshift, with the swiftest evolution occurring between 1 < z < 2. This review characterizes the galaxy structure-redshift relationship, discusses its various physical causes, and how these are revealing the mechanisms responsible for galaxy formation.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. Invited Review to appear in "Penetrating Bars Through Masks of Cosmic Dust: The Hubble Tuning Fork Strikes A New Note", ed. D. Block et al
Comparative study of statistical methods for finding biomarkers in longitudinal data
Creators: name: Hollander, Zsuzsanna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Solid organ transplantation is a common procedure for end-stage organ failure. After the transplantation, the rejection of the new organ is possible due to the patient's immune system trying to eliminate the foreign object. To prevent rejection, monthly painful and costly procedure is needed which involves taking a biopsy of the allograft. The purpose of our project is to find biomarkers based on blood samples, so the diagnosis/prognosis of the rejection can occur based on a simple blood or urine sample. Up to eight blood samples are taken from rejection and non-rejection patients and for each sample a microarray is created. The microarray data is longitudinal and contains 54,613 genes. The analysis consists of normalization, pre-filtering, filtering, testing the candidate biomarkers for diagnosis/prediction, pathway analysis, and biomarker validation. For our type of data, the bottleneck and the most understudied step is the filtering. We focused our research on finding possible filtering methods. We tested these methods against the questions our biologists wanted to get the answer for. We generated a data set, based on real data, to find the strengths and weaknesses of the filtering methods we proposed to use. We also tested which one of the filtering methods would provide the most precise answer to each group of questions by creating synthetic data sets with a number of biomarkers planted in them. Our conclusion is that a statistical method, or group of methods, would not be able to provide the perfect answer to all of our biological questions. That is why we created a table where we matched our questions to methods that, based on our experiments, give the best results. Also, we provided some advice on which methods perform better under specific conditions.
Strategies for investment in the Australian macadamia industry: Development and evaluation of an objective investment appraisal software model
Creators: name: Slaughter, Geoff J.
name: Mulo, Shane
name: Slaughter, Geoff J.
name: Mulo, Shane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Investment analysis
subject: cash budget
subject: profile comparison
subject: sensitivity analysis

description: This paper describes the development and application of a dynamic financial appraisal software model, known as the Financial Planner for Macadamia. This whole farm financial model for macadamia farming integrates both the investment and financing decisions of project appraisal into a single software package. This enables the viability of potential investments to be evaluated in terms of net present value and internal rate of return, as well as the most appropriate financing options to ensure sufficient cash flows over the life of a project. Investment scenarios can also be directly compared and sensitivity analyses undertaken to provide further insights into the robustness of potential business scenarios over time. The Financial Planner for Macadamia was developed in response to the limited tools available to assist farmers, investors and financiers to make objective investment decisions in the Australian Macadamia Industry.
Additional file 2 of Allele mining unlocks the identification of RYMV resistance genes and alleles in African cultivated rice
Creators: name: Pidon, Hélène
name: Chéron, Sophie
name: Ghesquière, Alain
name: Albar, Laurence
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2:Figure S1. Positions of accessions with resistance alleles of RYMV1, RYMV2 and NLRRYMV3 genes on the genetic diversity tree. Susceptible accessions are colored in dark grey and accessions not evaluated for resistance in light grey. Adapted from the genetic tree of Orjuela et al. [20]. Figure S2. Characteristics of primers and amplified fragments for markers or Sanger sequencing. Genes are represented as grey boxes for exons and grey lines for introns. Primers are represented as triangles and the numbers below the triangle refer to the corresponding sequences. (a, b, c) Blue traits represent fragments that were amplified and then sequenced with the primers colored in red. (c) Amplification fragments corresponding to the CAPS or dCAPS markers designed on the CPR5–1 gene are represented as green traits. Additional information on these markers is provided in Additional file 2: Table S7. (d) Position of T-DNA insertions in the CPR5–1 gene in lines 3A-06612 and 3D-01842 are indicated. The T-DNA-specific and gene-specific primers used for sequencing the T-DNA flanking site and genotyping for the presence/absence of insertions are indicated in brown and blue, respectively. Table S7. Characteristics of CAPS and dCAPS markers. Marker names indicate whether there are CAPS or dCAPS markers and which alleles of the CPR5–1 gene they target. The bracketed number before the primer sequences refer to the reference of primers in Additional file 2: Figure S2. The size of the fragments expected in plants with the reference haplotype of CG14 (WT) or the alternate haplotypes (R) are indicated, except fragments below 30 bp that are uneasily detected by agarose electrophoresis. The CAPS-CPR5–1-R1 marker had already been described in Orjuela et al. [13].
Structural properties of discs and bulges of early-type galaxies
Creators: name: de Jong, Roelof S.
name: Simard, Luc
name: Davies, Roger L.
name: Saglia, R. P.
name: Burstein, David
name: Colless, Matthew
name: McMahan, Robert
name: Wegner, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the EFAR sample of galaxies to study the light distributions of early-type galaxies. We decompose the 2D light distribution of the galaxies in a flattened spheroidal component with a Sersic radial light profile and an inclined disc component with an exponential light profile. We show that the brightest, bulge dominated elliptical galaxies have a fairly broad distribution in the Sersic profile shape parameter n_B, with a median of about 3.7 and a sigma of ~0.9. Other galaxies have smaller n_B values, meaning that spheroids are in general less concentrated than the n_B=4 de Vaucouleurs-law profile. The results of our light decompositions are robust, even though without kinematic information we cannot prove that the spheroids and discs are really pressure- and rotation-supported stellar systems. If we assume that the detected spheroids and discs are indeed separate components, we can draw the following conclusions: 1) the spheroid and disc scale sizes are correlated; 2) bulge-to-total luminosity ratios, bulge effective radii, and bulge n_B values are all positively correlated; 3) the bivariate space density distribution of elliptical galaxies in the (luminosity, scale size)-plane is well described by a Schechter luminosity function in and a log-normal scale-size distribution at a given luminosity; 4) at the brightest luminosities, the scale size distribution of elliptical galaxies is similar to those of bright spiral galaxies; at fainter luminosities the elliptical scale size distribution peaks at distinctly smaller sizes than the spiral galaxy distribution; and 5) bulge components of early-type galaxies are typically a factor 1.5 to 2.5 smaller than the disks of spiral galaxies, while disc components of early-type galaxies are typically twice as large as the discs of spiral galaxies. [abridged]
description: 16 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in the MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Relationship between ABO blood groups and cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes according to diabetic nephropathy status
Creators: name: Parente, Erika B.
name: Harjutsalo, Valma
name: Lehto, Markku
name: Forsblom, Carol
name: Sandholm, Niina
name: Per-Henrik Groop
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Specific codes used for the cardiovascular outcomes from the relevant registries.Table S2. IHD risk of ABO blood groups stratified by nephropathy stages. Table S3. Comparison between individuals with normo and microalbuminuria with A-blood-group. Table S4. Ischemic stroke risk of ABO blood groups stratified by nephropathy stages. Table S5. Peripheral artery disease risk of ABO blood groups stratified by nephropathy stages. Table S6. List of physicians and nurses at each of the FinnDiane centers participating in patient recruitment and characterization.
Pattern-induced local symmetry breaking in active matter systems
Creators: name: Denk, Jonas
name: Frey, Erwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence of macroscopic order and patterns is a central paradigm in systems of (self-)propelled agents, and a key component in the structuring of many biological systems.The relationships between the ordering process and the underlying microscopic interactions have been extensively explored both experimentally and theoretically. While emerging patterns often show one specific symmetry (e.g. nematic lane patterns or polarized traveling flocks), depending on the symmetry of the alignment interactions patterns with different symmetries can apparently coexist. Indeed, recent experiments with an actomysin motility assay suggest that polar and nematic patterns of actin filaments can interact and dynamically transform into each other. However, theoretical understanding of the mechanism responsible remains elusive. Here, we present a kinetic approach complemented by a hydrodynamic theory for agents with mixed alignment symmetries, which captures the experimentally observed phenomenology and provides a theoretical explanation for the coexistence and interaction of patterns with different symmetries. We show that local, pattern-induced symmetry breaking can account for dynamically coexisting patterns with different symmetries. Specifically, in a regime with moderate densities and a weak polar bias in the alignment interaction, nematic bands show a local symmetry-breaking instability within their high-density core region, which induces the formation of polar waves along the bands. These instabilities eventually result in a self-organized system of nematic bands and polar waves that dynamically transform into each other. Our study reveals a mutual feedback mechanism between pattern formation and local symmetry breaking in active matter that has interesting consequences for structure formation in biological systems.