cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Moving Beyond Youth Prisons: Lessons from New York City’s Implementation of Close to Home
Creators: name: Weissman, Marsha
name: Ananthakrishnan, Vidhya
name: Schiraldi, Vincent N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Criminal justice, Administration of
Youth--Legal status, laws, etc.
Teenagers--Legal status, laws, etc.
Alternatives to imprisonment

description: In the mid-1990s, New York’s youth prison system reflected the dominant paradigm across the country – a heavy reliance on incarceration for young people caught up in the juvenile justice system. During this time, roughly 3,800 youth convicted of crimes annually were sent to large facilities, operated either by the New York State Office of Children and Family Services (OCFS) or by private providers contracted by OCFS. These facilities were largely located in upstate New York, far from youths’ homes and communities, particularly for youth from New York City (Sickmund et al. 2017; New York State (NYS) Office of the State Comptroller 2001). Upon returning home from these placements, youth often felt disconnected, resulting in poor outcomes. A 2009 study indicated that by age 28, 71 percent of boys released from New York State’s juvenile placement system spent some time in an adult jail or prison (Coleman, Do Han Kim & Therese 2009).

Fast forward twenty years, and things in New York looked dramatically different. By 2016, New York City no longer sent any youth from its Family Court to state-operated youth prisons. Today, only around 100 New York City youth are placed from Family Court into any kind of residential facility, about a dozen of whom are in a locked facility. Not only are there dramatically fewer youth in residential placements, but those who do get placed now go to smaller, more home-like settings that attend to public safety without mirroring the punitive, correctional approaches embodied by previous youth prisons.

This case study outlines what happened in the intervening years to achieve these remarkable results. By sharing New York City’s story, we offer a roadmap for other jurisdictions looking to realign their juvenile justice systems, adapting the lessons learned about what worked and what did not to meet their specific circumstances.
Single-parameter pumping in graphene
Creators: name: San-Jose, Pablo
name: Prada, Elsa
name: Kohler, Sigmund
name: Schomerus, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum pump mechanism based on the particular properties of graphene, namely chirality and bipolarity. The underlying physics is the excitation of evanescent modes entering a potential barrier from one lead, while those from the other lead do not reach the driving region. This induces a large nonequilibrium current with electrons stemming from a broad range of energies, in contrast to the narrow resonances that govern the corresponding effect in semiconductor heterostructures. Moreover, the pump mechanism in graphene turns out to be robust, with a simple parameter dependence, which is beneficial for applications. Numerical results from a Floquet scattering formalism are complemented with analytical solutions for small to moderate driving.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Published version
Collider Searches for Fermiophobic Gauge Bosons
Creators: name: Bramante, Joseph
name: Hundi, R. S.
name: Kumar, Jason
name: Rajaraman, Arvind
name: Yaylali, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the phenomenology of an extra U(1) gauge boson which primarily couples to standard model gauge bosons. We classify all possible parity-odd couplings up to dimension 6 operators. We then study the prospects for the detection of such a boson at the LHC and show that the electroweak decay channels lead to very clean signals, allowing us to probe couplings well into the TeV scale.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, PDFLaTeX; clarifications added, results unchanged
Analysis of genotype by methylation interactions through sparsity-inducing regularized regression
Creators: name: Zhou, Wenda
name: Lo, Shaw-Hwa
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantitative research
subject: DNA--Methylation
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the use of the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-type regression techniques to detect important genetic or epigenetic loci in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS). We demonstrate how these techniques can be adapted to provide quantifiable uncertainty using stability selection, including explicit control of the family-wise error rate. We also consider variants of the LASSO, such as the group LASSO, to study genetic and epigenetic interactions. We use these techniques to reproduce some existing results on the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) data set, which collects from 991 individuals blood triglyceride and differential methylation at 464,000 cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites and 761,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and to identify new research directions. Epigenome-wide and genome-wide models based on the LASSO are considered, as well as an interaction model limited to chromosome 11. The analyses replicate findings concerning 2 CpGs in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A). Some suggestions are made regarding potentially interesting directions for the analysis of genetic and epigenetic interactions.
Cluster algebras of finite mutation type via unfoldings
Creators: name: Felikson, Anna
name: Shapiro, Michael
name: Tumarkin, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F60

description: We complete classification of mutation-finite cluster algebras by extending the technique derived by Fomin, Shapiro, and Thurston to skew-symmetrizable case. We show that for every mutation-finite skew-symmetrizable matrix a diagram characterizing the matrix admits an unfolding which embeds its mutation class to the mutation class of some mutation-finite skew-symmetric matrix. In particular, this establishes a correspondence between a large class of skew-symmetrizable mutation-finite cluster algebras and triangulated marked bordered surfaces.
description: 40 pages, a lot of figures
Multi-angle effects in self-induced oscillations for different supernova neutrino fluxes
Creators: name: Mirizzi, Alessandro
name: Tomàs, Ricard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-isotropic nature of the neutrino emission from a supernova (SN) core might potentially affect the flavor evolution of the neutrino ensemble, via neutrino-neutrino interactions in the deepest SN regions. We investigate the dependence of these "multi-angle effects" on the original SN neutrino fluxes in a three-flavor framework. We show that the pattern of the spectral crossings (energies where F_ν_e= F_ν_x, and F_\barν_e= F_\barν_x) is crucial in determining the impact of multi-angle effects on the flavor evolution. For neutrino spectra presenting only a single-crossing, synchronization of different angular modes prevails over multi-angle effects, producing the known "quasi single-angle" evolution. Conversely, in the presence of spectra with multiple crossing energies, synchronization is not stable. In this situation, multi-angle effects would produce a sizable delay in the onset of the flavor conversions, as recently observed. We show that, due to the only partial adiabaticity of the evolution at large radii, the multi-angle suppression can be so strong to dramatically affect the final oscillated neutrino spectra. In particular three-flavor effects, associated with the solar parameters, could be washed-out in multi-angle simulations.
description: v2(14 pages, 12 eps figures). Matches the version published on PRD. Figures and text clarified. Appendix added. Conclusions unchenged
A numerical algorithm for the explicit calculation of SU(N) and SL(N,C) Clebsch-Gordan coefficients
Creators: name: Alex, Arne
name: Kalus, Matthias
name: Huckleberry, Alan
name: von Delft, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present an algorithm for the explicit numerical calculation of SU(N) and SL(N,C) Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, based on the Gelfand-Tsetlin pattern calculus. Our algorithm is well-suited for numerical implementation; we include a computer code in an appendix. Our exposition presumes only familiarity with the representation theory of SU(2).
description: 35 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables
Additional file 10 of Genome-wide identification and characterization of the chemosensory relative protein genes in Rhus gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis
Creators: name: He, Hongli
name: Crabbe, M. James C.
name: Ren, Zhumei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10: Table S6. The result of unigene Blast search and annotation of Schlechtendalia chinensis.
Gamma-ray bursts as cosmological probes: LambdaCDM vs. conformal gravity
Creators: name: Diaferio, Antonaldo
name: Ostorero, Luisa
name: Cardone, Vincenzo F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LambdaCDM, for the currently preferred cosmological density Omega_0 and cosmological constant Omega_Lambda, predicts that the Universe expansion decelerates from early times to redshift z~0.9 and accelerates at later times. On the contrary, the cosmological model based on conformal gravity predicts that the cosmic expansion has always been accelerating. To distinguish between these two very different cosmologies, we resort to gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), which have been suggested to probe the Universe expansion history at z>1, where identified type Ia supernovae (SNe) are rare. We use the full Bayesian approach to infer the cosmological parameters and the additional parameters required to describe the GRB data available in the literature. For the first time, we use GRBs as cosmological probes without any prior information from other data. In addition, when we combine the GRB samples with SNe, our approach neatly avoids all the inconsistencies of most numerous previous methods that are plagued by the so-called circularity problem. In fact, when analyzed properly, current data are consistent with distance moduli of GRBs and SNe that can respectively be, in a variant of conformal gravity, ~15 and ~3 magnitudes fainter than in LambdaCDM. Our results indicate that the currently available SN and GRB samples are accommodated equally well by both LambdaCDM and conformal gravity and do not exclude a continuous accelerated expansion. We conclude that GRBs are currently far from being effective cosmological probes, as they are unable to distinguish between these two very different expansion histories.
description: 31 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables. In the discussion section, we comment on the sensitivity of the Bayes factor on the choice of the priors. This discussion weakens the previous claim that GRBs and SNe decisively favour LambdaCDM over conformal gravity
Laminations in the language of leaves
Creators: name: Blokh, Alexander M.
name: Mimbs, Debra
name: Oversteegen, Lex G.
name: Valkenburg, Kirsten I. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F20 (Primary) 37F10 (Secondary)

description: Thurston defined invariant laminations, i.e. collections of chords of the unit circle $S^1$ (called \emph{leaves}) that are pairwise disjoint inside the open unit disk and satisfy a few dynamical properties. To be directly associated to a polynomial, a lamination has to be generated by an equivalence relation with specific properties on $S^1$; then it is called a \emph{q-lamination}. Since not all laminations are q-laminations, then from the point of view of studying polynomials the most interesting are those of them which are limits of q-laminations. In this paper we introduce an alternative definition of an invariant lamination, which involves only conditions on the leaves (and avoids gap invariance). The new class of laminations is slightly smaller than that defined by Thurston and is closed. We use this notion to elucidate the connection between invariant laminations and invariant equivalence relations on $S^1$.
description: 32 pages; 4 figures; a new updated version
Criminal justice measures for economic data harmonization in substance use disorder research
Creators: name: McCollister, Kathryn E.
name: Yang, Xuan
name: Murphy, Sean M.
name: Leff, Jared A.
name: Kronmal, Richard A.
name: Crane, Heidi M.
name: Chandler, Redonna K.
name: Taxman, Faye S.
name: Feaster, Daniel J.
name: Metsch, Lisa R.
name: Cunningham, William E.
name: Altice, Frederick L.
name: Schackman, Bruce R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Judgments, Criminal
Crime
Economics
Substance abuse

description: Background
                The consequences of substance use disorders (SUDs) are varied and broad, affecting many sectors of society and the economy. Economic evaluation translates these consequences into dollars to examine the net economic impact of interventions for SUD, and associated conditions such as HCV and HIV. The nexus between substance use and crime makes criminal justice outcomes particularly significant for estimating the economic impact of SUD interventions, and important for data harmonization.

                Methods
                We compared baseline data collected in six NIDA-funded Seek, Test, Treat and Retain (STTR) intervention studies that enrolled HIV-infected/at-risk individuals with SUDs (total n = 3415). Criminal justice measures included contacts with the criminal justice system (e.g., arrests) and criminal offenses. The objective was to develop a list of recommended measures and methods supporting economic data harmonization opportunities in HIV and SUD research, with an initial focus on crime-related outcomes.

                Results
                Criminal justice contacts and criminal offenses were highly variable across studies. When measures grouped by offense classifications were compared, consistencies across studies emerged. Most individuals report being arrested for property or public order crimes (> 50%); the most commonly reported offenses were prostitution/pimping, larceny/shoplifting, robbery, and household burglary.

                Conclusions
                We identified four measures that are feasible and appropriate for estimating the economic consequences of SUDs/HIV/HCV: number of arrests, number of convictions, days of incarceration, and times committing criminal offenses, by type of offense. To account for extreme variation, grouping crimes by offense classification or calculating monthly averages per event allows for more meaningful comparisons across studies.
Additional file 11 of Genome-wide identification and characterization of the chemosensory relative protein genes in Rhus gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis
Creators: name: He, Hongli
name: Crabbe, M. James C.
name: Ren, Zhumei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 11: Table S7. Evaluation of unigene/transcriptome Quality of Schlechtendalia chinensis.
The challenge of detecting genotype-by-methylation interaction: GAW20
Creators: name: De Andrade, Mariza
name: Warwick Daw, E.
name: Kraja, Aldi T.
name: Fisher, Virginia
name: Wang, Lan
name: Hu, Ke
name: Li, Jing
name: Romanescu, Razvan
name: Veenstra, Jenna
name: Sun, Rui
name: Weng, Haoyi
name: Zhou, Wenda
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: DNA--Methylation
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genotype-environment interaction

description: Background
                GAW20 working group 5 brought together researchers who contributed 7 papers with the aim of evaluating methods to detect genetic by epigenetic interactions. GAW20 distributed real data from the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) study, including single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, methylation (cytosine-phosphate-guanine [CpG]) markers, and phenotype information on up to 995 individuals. In addition, a simulated data set based on the real data was provided.

Results
                The 7 contributed papers analyzed these data sets with a number of different statistical methods, including generalized linear mixed models, mediation analysis, machine learning, W-test, and sparsity-inducing regularized regression. These methods generally appeared to perform well. Several papers confirmed a number of causative SNPs in either the large number of simulation sets or the real data on chromosome 11. Findings were also reported for different SNPs, CpG sites, and SNP–CpG site interaction pairs.

Conclusions
                In the simulation (200 replications), power appeared generally good for large interaction effects, but smaller effects will require larger studies or consortium collaboration for realizing a sufficient power.
History of periodontal treatment and risk for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
Creators: name: Ananth, Cande V.
name: Andrews, Howard F.
name: Papapanou, Panos N.
name: Ward, Angela M.
name: Bruzelius, Emilie
name: Conicella, Mary L.
name: Albert, David A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Periodontal disease--Treatment
Fetus--Growth
Obstetrics

description: Background
                To explore the hypothesis that maternal periodontitis is associated with increased risk for Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), we examined the risk of IUGR in relation to periodontal treatment before, during and after pregnancy.

                Methods
                We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of insurance claims data from 2009 to 2012 for women who delivered a singleton live birth (n = 32,168). IUGR was examined as a function of type and timing of dental treatment, adjusting for potential confounders in logistic regression. Sensitivity analysis evaluated the potential effects of unmeasured confounding.

                Results
                Women who received periodontal treatment after delivery, indicating the presence of untreated periodontal disease during pregnancy, had significantly higher odds of IUGR compared to women who received no periodontal treatment (adjusted OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2, 1.8).

                Conclusions
                Periodontal treatment provided in the immediate postpartum period, a proxy for periodontitis during gestation, was associated with increased risk of IUGR.
Using Berry's phase to detect the Unruh effect at lower accelerations
Creators: name: Martin-Martinez, E.
name: Fuentes, I.
name: Mann, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a detector acquires a Berry phase due to its motion in spacetime. The phase is different in the inertial and accelerated case as a direct consequence of the Unruh effect. We exploit this fact to design a novel method to measure the Unruh effect. Surprisingly, the effect is detectable for accelerations 10^9 times smaller than previous proposals sustained only for times of nanoseconds.
description: 5 pages (including appendices) 2 figures, revtex 4. I.F. previously published as Fuentes-Guridi and Fuentes-Schuller. Journal reference added
Additional file 1 of Semi-quantitative analysis of visually normal 123I-FP-CIT across three large databases revealed no difference between control and patients
Creators: name: Flaus, Anthime
name: Philippe, Remi
name: Thobois, Stephane
name: Janier, Marc
name: Scheiber, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: ScanOnlyDB and NoDG5YearsDB diagnoses information and patient preparation.
Acetylation of C-terminal lysines modulates protein turnover and stability of Connexin-32
Creators: name: Alaei, Sarah R.
name: Abrams, Charles K.
name: Bulinski, Jeannette Chloë
name: Hertzberg, Elliot L.
name: Freidin, Mona M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Connexins
Acetylation
Ubiquitin

description: Background
                The gap junction protein, Connexin32 (Cx32), is expressed in various tissues including liver, exocrine pancreas, gastrointestinal epithelium, and the glia of the central and peripheral nervous system. Gap junction-mediated cell-cell communication and channel-independent processes of Cx32 contribute to the regulation of physiological and cellular activities such as glial differentiation, survival, and proliferation; maintenance of the hepatic epithelium; and axonal myelination. Mutations in Cx32 cause X-linked Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT1X), an inherited peripheral neuropathy. Several CMT1X causing mutations are found in the cytoplasmic domains of Cx32, a region implicated in the regulation of gap junction assembly, turnover and function. Here we investigate the roles of acetylation and ubiquitination in the C-terminus on Cx32 protein function. Cx32 protein turnover, ubiquitination, and response to deacetylase inhibitors were determined for wild-type and C-terminus lysine mutants using transiently transfected Neuro2A (N2a) cells.

                Results
                We report here that Cx32 is acetylated in transfected N2a cells and that inhibition of the histone deacetylase, HDAC6, results in an accumulation of Cx32. We identified five lysine acetylation targets in the C-terminus. Mutational analysis demonstrates that these lysines are involved in the regulation of Cx32 ubiquitination and turnover. While these lysines are not required for functional Cx32 mediated cell-cell communication, BrdU incorporation studies demonstrate that their relative acetylation state plays a channel-independent role in Cx32-mediated control of cell proliferation.

                Conclusion
                Taken together these results highlight the role of post translational modifications and lysines in the C-terminal tail of Cx32 in the fine-tuning of Cx32 protein stability and channel-independent functions.
Additional file 2 of Semi-quantitative analysis of visually normal 123I-FP-CIT across three large databases revealed no difference between control and patients
Creators: name: Flaus, Anthime
name: Philippe, Remi
name: Thobois, Stephane
name: Janier, Marc
name: Scheiber, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: In-house SBR methodology.
Hybrid PBF-LB/M of Pure Copper for Hairpin Winding Heads of Electric Traction Drives
Creators: name: Putz, Carsten
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2023

description: 8. Metal Additive Manufacuturing Conferece, MAMC 2023, Vienna, Austria, 17 Oct 2023 - 19 Oct 2023; 26 Folien (2023).
Chiral orbital-angular-momentum in the surface states of Bi2Se3
Creators: name: Park, Seung Ryong
name: Han, Jinhee
name: Kim, Chul
name: Koh, Yoon Young
name: Kim, Changyoung
name: Lee, Hyungjun
name: Choi, Hyoung Joon
name: Han, Jung Hoon
name: Lee, Kyung Dong
name: Hur, Nam Jung
name: Arita, Masashi
name: Shimada, Kenya
name: Namatame, Hirofumi
name: Taniguchi, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Locking of the spin of a quasi-particle to its momentum in split bands of on the surfaces of metals and topological insulators (TIs) is understood in terms of Rashba effect where a free electron in the surface states feels an effective magnetic field. On the other hand, the orbital part of the angular momentum (OAM) is usually neglected. We performed angle resolved photoemission experiments with circularly polarized lights and first principles density functional calculation with spin-orbit coupling on a TI, Bi2Se3, to study the local OAM of the surface states. We show from the results that OAM in the surface states of Bi2Se3 is significant and locked to the electron momentum in opposite direction to the spin, forming chiral OAM states. Our finding opens a new possibility to have strong light-induced spin-polarized current in the surface states.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Computing the confidence levels for a root-mean-square test of goodness-of-fit
Creators: name: Perkins, William
name: Tygert, Mark
name: Ward, Rachel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The classic chi-squared statistic for testing goodness-of-fit has long been a cornerstone of modern statistical practice. The statistic consists of a sum in which each summand involves division by the probability associated with the corresponding bin in the distribution being tested for goodness-of-fit. Typically this division should precipitate rebinning to uniformize the probabilities associated with the bins, in order to make the test reasonably powerful. With the now widespread availability of computers, there is no longer any need for this. The present paper provides efficient black-box algorithms for calculating the asymptotic confidence levels of a variant on the classic chi-squared test which omits the problematic division. In many circumstances, it is also feasible to compute the exact confidence levels via Monte Carlo simulation.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Additional file 3 of Semi-quantitative analysis of visually normal 123I-FP-CIT across three large databases revealed no difference between control and patients
Creators: name: Flaus, Anthime
name: Philippe, Remi
name: Thobois, Stephane
name: Janier, Marc
name: Scheiber, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Description of NoDG5Years and Hv databases.
Estimating f_NL and g_NL from Massive High-Redshift Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Enqvist, Kari
name: Hotchkiss, Shaun
name: Taanila, Olli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are observations of 15 high-redshift massive galaxy clusters, which have an extremely small probability with a purely Gaussian initial curvature perturbation. Here we revisit the estimation of the contribution of non-Gaussianities to the cluster mass function and point out serious problems that have resulted in the application of the mass function out of the range of its validity. We remedy the situation and show that the values of f_NL previously claimed to completely reconcile (i.e. at ~100% confidence) the existence of the clusters with LambdaCDM are unphysically small. However, for WMAP cosmology and at 95% confidence, we arrive at the limit f_NL>411, which is similar to previous estimates. We also explore the possibility of a large g_NL as the reason for the observed excess of the massive galaxy clusters. This scenario, g_NL>2*10^6, appears to be in more agreement with CMB and LSS limits for the non-Gaussianity parameters and could also provide an explanation for the overabundance of large voids in the early universe.
description: Matches version published back in April. Mainly typos corrected, otherwise basically the same as v1. We apologise for the delay
Point sets that minimize $(\le k)$-edges, 3-decomposable drawings, and the rectilinear crossing number of $K_{30}$
Creators: name: Cetina, M.
name: Hernández-Vélez, C.
name: Leaños, J.
name: Villalobos, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: There are two properties shared by all known crossing-minimizing geometric drawings of $K_n$, for $n$ a multiple of 3. First, the underlying $n$-point set of these drawings has exactly $3\binom{k+2}{2}$ $(\le k)$-edges, for all $0\le k < n/3$. Second, all such drawings have the $n$ points divided into three groups of equal size; this last property is captured under the concept of 3-decomposability. In this paper we show that these properties are tightly related: every $n$-point set with exactly $3\binom{k+2}{2}$ $(\le k)$-edges for all $0\le k < n/3$, is 3-decomposable. As an application, we prove that the rectilinear crossing number of $K_{30}$ is 9726.
description: 14 pages
Crowd-sourcing structure-from- motion data for terrain modelling in a real-world disaster scenario: A proof of concept
Creators: name: Ratner, Jacqueline J.
name: Sury, Jonathan
name: James, Michael
name: Mather, Tamsin
name: Pyle, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Digital elevation models
Crowdsourcing
Emergency management
Photography
Smartphones

description: Structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques are now widely available to generate digital terrain models (DTMs) from optical imagery, providing an alternative to costlier options such as LiDAR or satellite surveys. SfM could be a useful tool in hazard studies because its minimal cost makes it accessible even in developing regions and its speed of use can provide updated data rapidly in hazard-prone regions. Our study is designed to assess whether crowd-sourced SfM data is comparable to an industry standard LiDAR dataset, demonstrating potential real-world use of SfM if employed for disaster risk reduction purposes. Three groups with variable SfM knowledge utilized 16 different camera models, including four camera phones, to collect 1001 total photos in one hour of data collection. Datasets collected by each group were processed using VisualSFM, and the point densities, accuracies and distributions of points in the resultant point clouds (DTM skeletons) were compared. Our results show that the point clouds are resilient to inconsistency in users’ SfM knowledge: crowd-sourced data collected by a moderately informed general public yields topography results comparable in data density and accuracy to those produced with data collected by highly-informed SfM users or experts using LiDAR. This means that in a real-world scenario involving participants with a diverse range of expertise, topography models could be produced from crowd-sourced data quite rapidly and to a very high standard. This could be beneficial to disaster risk reduction as a relatively quick, simple and low-cost method to attain rapidly updated knowledge of terrain attributes, useful for the prediction and mitigation of many natural hazards.
Manifold-valued generalized functions in full Colombeau spaces
Creators: name: Kunzinger, Michael
name: Nigsch, Eduard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46F30, 46T30, 26E15

description: We introduce the notion of generalized function taking values in a smooth manifold into the setting of full Colombeau algebras. After deriving a number of characterization results we also introduce a corresponding concept of generalized vector bundle homomorphisms and, based on this, provide a definition of tangent map for such generalized functions.
description: 18 pages; fixed typos and updated introduction
Additional file 4 of Semi-quantitative analysis of visually normal 123I-FP-CIT across three large databases revealed no difference between control and patients
Creators: name: Flaus, Anthime
name: Philippe, Remi
name: Thobois, Stephane
name: Janier, Marc
name: Scheiber, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Statistical analysis.
Phenotypic plasticity and divergence in physiological traits during freshwater colonization in threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
Creators: name: Gibbons, Taylor Christian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Colonization of new environments exposes organisms to novel combinations of abiotic factors that have the potential to negatively affect fitness. Organisms may be able to cope with these changes in abiotic factors using existing phenotypic plasticity, or the novel environment may drive adaptive divergence, but the role of phenotypic plasticity in assisting or hindering the process of local adaptation remains unclear. This dissertation contributes to addressing this topic by examining the interactive effects of multiple abiotic factors on phenotypic plasticity and the evolution of physiological traits, which is an area that has received relatively little study. Specifically, I explored the roles of salinity and temperature in driving divergence during freshwater colonization using marine, anadromous, and derived freshwater populations of the threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. In north-temperate freshwater habitats, stickleback experience a combination of low salinity and low winter temperatures that is not experienced by the ancestral marine and anadromous forms which overwinter at sea. Overall, the results of this work are consistent with adaptive evolution in response to the interactive effects of low salinity and low temperature during freshwater colonization. My results showed that both salinity and temperature, and the interaction between them, had stronger negative effects on the growth of marine and anadromous populations compared to the freshwater population. Using a whole-transcriptome approach, I also detected differentiation in gene expression patterns between populations, particularly in processes important for changes in gill structure and permeability. Based on these data I hypothesize that freshwater stickleback have less permeable gills in fresh water, which may result in less energy use for osmoregulation, providing a physiological mode by which freshwater stickleback save energy, resulting in superior growth in cold fresh water. Both marine and freshwater stickleback showed interactive effects of low temperature and salinity on gill morphology, and marine stickleback exhibited substantial increases in the expression of Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase in cold fresh water, whereas more modest responses were observed in the freshwater ecotype, which may indicate increased energetic costs of osmoregulation in the marine population and potentially contribute to the growth deficits exhibited by these fish in cold fresh water.
Cluster state generation using van der Waals and dipole-dipole interactions in optical lattices
Creators: name: Kuznetsova, Elena
name: Bragdon, T.
name: Côté, Robin
name: Yelin, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scalable method for generation of a cluster state for measurement-based quantum computing using van der Waals or dipole-dipole interactions between neutral atoms or polar molecules in an optical lattice. Nearest neighbor entanglement is accomplished by performing a phase gate using interaction of atoms in Rydberg states or molecules in large dipole moment states. All nearest neighbors are sequentially entangled in a finite number of operations, independent of the number of qubits, producing a 1D cluster state. A universal 2D cluster state can be generated in several ms in a two-dimensional optical lattice by producing a series of 1D cluster states in one lattice direction, followed by application of the entangling operations in another lattice direction. We discuss the viability of the scheme with Rb Rydberg atoms.
description: Revised and expanded version
Additional file 5 of Semi-quantitative analysis of visually normal 123I-FP-CIT across three large databases revealed no difference between control and patients
Creators: name: Flaus, Anthime
name: Philippe, Remi
name: Thobois, Stephane
name: Janier, Marc
name: Scheiber, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5: SBR harmonization.
Observation of a ubiquitous three-dimensional superconducting gap function in optimally-doped Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$Fe$_2$As$_2$
Creators: name: Xu, Y. -M.
name: Huang, Y. -B.
name: Cui, X. -Y.
name: Razzoli, E.
name: Radovic, M.
name: Shi, M.
name: Chen, G. -F.
name: Zheng, P.
name: Wang, N. -L.
name: Dai, P. -C.
name: Hu, J. -P.
name: Wang, Z.
name: Ding, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The iron-pnictide superconductors have a layered structureformed by stacks of FeAs planes from which the superconductivity originates. Given the multiband and quasi three-dimensional \cite{3D_SC} (3D) electronic structure of these high-temperature superconductors, knowledge of the quasi-3D superconducting (SC) gap is essential for understanding the superconducting mechanism. By using the \KZ-capability of angle-resolved photoemission, we completely determined the SC gap on all five Fermi surfaces (FSs) in three dimensions on \BKFAOP samples. We found a marked \KZ dispersion of the SC gap, which can derive only from interlayer pairing. Remarkably, the SC energy gaps can be described by a single 3D gap function with two energy scales characterizing the strengths of intralayer $Δ_1$ and interlayer $Δ_2$ pairing. The anisotropy ratio $Δ_2/Δ_1$, determined from the gap function, is close to the c-axis anisotropy ratio of the magnetic exchange coupling $J_c/J_{ab}$ in the parent compound \cite{NeutronParent}. The ubiquitous gap function for all the 3D FSs reveals that pairing is short-ranged and strongly constrain the possible pairing force in the pnictides. A suitable candidate could arise from short-range antiferromagnetic fluctuations.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
title: In Different Voices: A Practice-based Intervention into the Assemblage of Crime
Creators: name: Thomas, Philippa
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2021

description: This is a practice-based project which explores and critiques the dominant assemblage of crime, through undertaking experimental empirical research with ex-prisoners, a policeman, a private investigator and criminologists who produce differing and conflictual versions of crime. Sensitive to the ‘enforced narratives’ of criminalised people, I ‘translated’ my empirical data into new forms. The outcome is a collection of short literary fictions and a film, and a written thesis, which explore the politics of showing and telling about crime. Following the ontological premise that our research methods produce rather than represent our objects of investigation, this practice-based project rejects the stable ‘moral construction’ of criminals, victims and criminologists which is implicit in much criminology. Conceptualising crime as a multiplicity or an ‘assemblage’, necessitates disengaging from the pursuit of a ‘hidden reality’ of crime and claims of strong causality, to instead pay close attention to the patterning of present contradictions.  The thesis seeks to make an original contribution firstly, in engaging a body of postructuralist philosophy - marginalised within criminology, to rethink some of its central concepts. Secondly my project extends what criminology can be and can look like. Thirdly, it performs a politics of research that aspires to be answerable to those researched. Finally, reading across these compositions produces a more morally nuanced version of crime as a complex multiplicity.
Nearly frozen Coulomb Liquids
Creators: name: Pramudya, Y.
name: Terletska, H.
name: Pankov, S.
name: Manousakis, E.
name: Dobrosavljević, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that very long range repulsive interactions of a generalized Coulomb-like form $V(R)\sim R^{-α}$, with $α
description: 5 pages,4 figures
The impact of a college readiness faculty learning community
Creators: name: Garretson, Angela Renee
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Teachers and stakeholders at the organizational level and the values they perceive in an urban district vary greatly in terms of their roles, titles, motivational levels and the educational reform needs. In response, school districts and universities are aligning interventions for teachers with university support. This qualitative study examined a state, polytechnic university’s effort to provide a faculty learning community (FLC) as a college readiness intervention pathway to align high school teachers with university faculty from the same discipline (math). This will better prepare high school graduates and college-bound students for the demands of the 21st century in STEM. The FLC is an educational policy strategy implemented during the recent return of local control to a district that was under 25 years of state intervention.Data was collected pre-FLC, during the FLC, and post-FLC from participants representing four high schools using interview questionnaires, evaluations, and curricular material. The data revealed that teachers and administrators perceived greater stability in college readiness intervention. They also felt an increase in accountability at all levels of both systems and they believed university opportunities were enhanced. For example, teachers who worked at magnet and comprehensive high schools reported useful instructional strategies that included a community of practice supported by their district peers and university staff. This was prompted by the organizational changes and reform initiatives that focused on teachers after the return to local control. The teachers’ voices suggested, with support from their administrators, that FLCs are practical in such areas of concern for high school graduates’ transition to everyday or college life.
ÉTICA CRISTÃ E DIREITOS HUMANOS
Creators: name: José Ronaldo da Silva Bezerra
name: Anderson Jorge de Lima
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: O presente artigo enfatiza conceitos fundamentais da ética cristã como dignidade humana, responsabilidade moral e justiça, que constituem a base para a interpretação dos direitos humanos à luz dos ensinamentos cristãos. Para tanto foi realização uma revisão bibliográfica intuito de explorar a interseção entre a ética cristã e os direitos humanos. Partindo dessa ideia a pesquisa se justifica na importância de compreender como as crenças e valores cristãos moldam a compreensão e promoção dos direitos humanos, influenciando não apenas indivíduos, mas também instituições e comunidades. A consideração da dignidade inerente a cada ser humano, decorrente da crença na criação à imagem de Deus, permeia a ética cristã e dá valor a cada vida humana e, portanto, aos direitos humanos. Em suma conclui-se que a interação entre a ética cristã e os direitos humanos revela uma relação complexa e dinâmica que ocorre ao longo da história e permeia os desafios contemporâneos. Uma base teológica enraizada nas Escrituras e na tradição teológica fornece a base para a compreensão dos direitos humanos, enraizada em conceitos como dignidade humana, responsabilidade moral e justiça.
Inflammation and micronutrient biomarkers predict clinical HIV treatment failure and incident active TB in HIV-infected adults: a case-control study
Creators: name: Shivakoti, Rupak
name: Gupte, Nikhil
name: Tripathy, Srikanth
name: Poongulali, Selvamuthu
name: Kanyama, Cecilia
name: Berendes, Sima
name: Cardoso, Sandra W.
name: Santos, Breno R.
name: La Rosa, Alberto
name: Mwelase, Noluthando
name: Pillay, Sandy
name: Samaneka, Wadzanai
name: Riviere, Cynthia
name: Sugandhavesa, Patcharaphan
name: Bollinger, Robert C.
name: Balagopal, Ashwin
name: Semba, Richard D.
name: Christian, Parul
name: Campbell, Thomas B.
name: Gupta, Amita
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Inflammation
Tuberculosis
HIV infections--Treatment
Biochemical markers
Medical care

description: Background
                Various individual biomarkers of inflammation and micronutrient status, often correlated with each other, are associated with adverse treatment outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults. The objective of this study was to conduct exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on multiple inflammation and micronutrient biomarkers to identify biomarker groupings (factors) and determine their association with HIV clinical treatment failure (CTF) and incident active tuberculosis (TB).

                Methods
                Within a multicountry randomized trial of antiretroviral therapy (ART) efficacy (PEARLS) among HIV-infected adults, we nested a case-control study (n = 290; 124 cases, 166 controls) to identify underlying factors, based on EFA of 23 baseline (pre-ART) biomarkers of inflammation and micronutrient status. The EFA biomarker groupings results were used in Cox proportional hazards models to study the association with CTF (primary analysis where cases were incident World Health Organization stage 3, 4 or death by 96 weeks of ART) or incident active TB (secondary analysis).

                Results
                In the primary analysis, based on eigenvalues> 1 in the EFA, three factors were extracted: (1) carotenoids), (2) other nutrients, and (3) inflammation. In multivariable-adjusted models, there was an increased hazard of CTF (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.47, 95% confidence interval (CI)1.17–1.84) per unit increase of inflammation factor score. In the secondary incident active TB case-control analysis, higher scores of the high carotenoids and low interleukin-18 factor was protective against incident active TB (aHR 0.48, 95% CI 0.26–0.87).

                Conclusion
                Factors identified through EFA were associated with adverse outcomes in HIV-infected individuals. Strategies focused on reducing adverse HIV outcomes through therapeutic interventions that target the underlying factor (e.g., inflammation) rather than focusing on an individual observed biomarker might be more effective and warrant further investigation.