cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Inelastic scattering of electrons in water from first principles: cross sections and inelastic mean free path for use in Monte Carlo track-structure simulations of biological damage.
Creators: name: Koval, Natalia E
name: Koval, Peter
name: Da Pieve, Fabiana
name: Kohanoff, Jorge
name: Artacho, Emilio
name: Emfietzoglou, Dimitris
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Water
Radiation damage
Linear Response
Time-dependent Density Functional Theory
Inelastic Electron Scattering
Track-structure Simulations

description: Modelling the inelastic scattering of electrons in water is fundamental, given their crucial role in biological damage. In Monte Carlo track-structure (MC-TS) codes used to assess biological damage, the energy loss function (ELF), from which cross sections are extracted, is derived from different semi-empirical optical models. Only recently have first ab initio results for the ELF and cross sections in water become available. For benchmarking purpose, in this work, we present ab initio linear-response time-dependent density functional theory calculations of the ELF of liquid water. We calculated the inelastic scattering cross sections, inelastic mean free paths, and electronic stopping power and compared our results with recent calculations and experimental data showing a good agreement. In addition, we provide an in-depth analysis of the contributions of different molecular orbitals, species and orbital angular momenta to the total ELF. Moreover, we present single-differential cross sections computed for each molecular orbital channel, which should prove useful for MC-TS simulations.
A Modernized View of Coherence Pathways Applied to Magnetic Resonance Experiments in Unstable, Inhomogeneous Fields
Creators: name: Beaton, Alec A.
name: Guinness, Alexandria
name: Franck, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over recent decades, the value of conducting experiments at lower frequencies and in inhomogeneous and/or time-variable fields has grown. For example, an interest in the nanoscale heterogeneities of hydration dynamics demands increasingly sophisticated and automated measurements deploying Overhauser Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (ODNP) at low field. The development of these methods poses various challenges that drove us to develop a standardized alternative to the traditional schema for acquiring and analyzing coherence pathway information employed by the overwhelming majority of contemporary Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) research. Specifically, on well-tested, stable NMR systems running well-tested pulse sequences in highly optimized, homogeneous magnetic fields, traditional hardware and software quickly isolate a meaningful subset of data by averaging and discarding between 3/4 and 127/128 of the digitized data. In contrast, spurred by recent advances in the capabilities of open-source libraries, the domain colored coherence transfer (DCCT) schema implemented here builds on the long-extant concept of Fourier transformation along the pulse phase cycle domain to enable data visualization that more fully reflects the rich physics underlying these NMR experiments. In addition to discussing the outline and implementation of the general DCCT schema and associated plotting methods, this manuscript presents a collection of algorithms that provide robust phasing, avoidance of baseline distortion, and the ability to realize relatively weak signals amidst background noise through signal-averaged correlation alignment. The methods for visualizing the raw data, together with the processing routines whose development they guide should apply directly to or extend easily to other techniques facing similar challenges.
description: 32 pages, 18 figures
Assessing Data Quality - A Probability-based Metric for Semantic Consistency
Creators: name: Heinrich, Bernd
name: Klier, Mathias
name: Schiller, Alexander Paul Rudolf
name: Wagner, Gerit
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Data quality, Data quality assessment, Data Quality metric, Data consistency
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: We present a probability-based metric for semantic consistency using a set of uncertain rules. As opposed to existing metrics for semantic consistency, our metric allows to consider rules that are expected to be fulfilled with specific probabilities. The resulting metric values represent the probability that the assessed dataset is free of internal contradictions with regard to the uncertain rules and thus have a clear interpretation. The theoretical basis for determining the metric values are statistical tests and the concept of the p-value, allowing the interpretation of the metric value as a probability. We demonstrate the practical applicability and effectiveness of the metric in a real-world setting by analyzing a customer dataset of an insurance company. Here, the metric was applied to identify semantic consistency problems in the data and to support decision-making, for instance, when offering individual products to customers.
Technical Manual for Phosphorus Evaluations (N.J.A.C. 7:9B-1.14(c)) for NJPDES Discharge to Surface Water Permits
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Division of Water Quality
Year: 2003

description: The New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection is taking steps to fully implement the numeric water quality criteria for total phosphorus as necessary to insure that surface water quality standards (N.J.A.C. 7:9B) are achieved. This guidance manual is for use by NJPDES Discharge to Surface Water (DSW) Permittees,consultants and other interested parties who may be conducting a limiting nutrient analysis and a 'render unsuitable for uses' analysis for total phosphorus, when offered these options as part of a compliance schedule contained in a Final NJPDES DSW Permit.
Distinguishing reionization models using the largest cluster statistics of the 21-cm maps
Creators: name: Pathak, Aadarsh
name: Bag, Satadru
name: Dasgupta, Saswata
name: Majumdar, Suman
name: Mondal, Rajesh
name: Kamran, Mohd
name: Sarkar, Prakash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of topology and morphology of ionized or neutral hydrogen during different stages of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) have the potential to provide us a great amount of information about the properties of the ionizing sources during this era. We compare a variety of reionization source models in terms of the geometrical properties of the ionized regions. We show that the percolation transition in the ionized hydrogen, as studied by tracing the evolution of the Largest Cluster Statistics (LCS), is a robust statistic that can distinguish the fundamentally different scenarios -- inside-out and outside-in reionization. Particularly, the global neutral fraction at the onset of percolation is significantly higher for the inside-out scenario as compared to that for the outside-in reionization. In complementary to percolation analysis, we explore the shape and morphology of the ionized regions as they evolve in different reionization models in terms of the Shapefinders (SFs) that are ratios of the Minkowski functionals (MFs). The shape distribution can readily discern the reionization scenario with extreme non-uniform recombination in the IGM, such as the clumping model. In the rest of the reionization models, the largest ionized region abruptly grows only in terms of its third SF - 'length' - during percolation while the first two SFs - 'thickness' and 'breadth' - remain stable. Thus the ionized hydrogen in these scenarios becomes highly filamentary near percolation and exhibit a 'characteristic cross-section' that varies among the source models. Therefore, the geometrical studies based on SFs, together with the percolation analysis can shed light on the reionization sources.
description: 33 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in JCAP
Images of magnetospheric reconnection-powered radiation around supermassive black holes
Creators: name: Crinquand, Benjamin
name: Cerutti, Benoît
name: Dubus, Guillaume
name: Parfrey, Kyle
name: Philippov, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accreting supermassive black holes can now be observed at the event-horizon scale at mm wavelengths. Current predictions for the image rely on hypotheses (fluid modeling, thermal electrons) which might not always hold in the vicinity of the black hole, so that a full kinetic treatment is in order. In this letter, we describe the first 3D global general-relativistic particle-in-cell simulation of a black-hole magnetosphere. The system displays a persistent equatorial current sheet. Synthetic images are computed by ray-tracing synchrotron emission from nonthermal particles accelerated in this current sheet by magnetic reconnection. We identify several time-dependent features of the image at moderate viewing angles: a variable radius of the ring, and hot spots moving along it. In this regime, our model predicts that most of the flux of the image lies inside the critical curve. These results could help understand future observations of black-hole magnetospheres at improved temporal and spatial resolution.
description: 6 pages + Supplemental Material, 3 figures, accepted for publication in PRL
2000 Annual Performance Report on the FY00/2001 New Jersey Performance Partnership Agreement
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Year: 2000

description: In the state fiscal year 1999, New Jersey entered into its third Performance Partnership Agreement (Agreement or PPA), between the NJ Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) and the US Environmental Protection Agency Region 2 (EPA Region 2), under the National Environmental Performance Partnership System (NEPPS). This Agreement (including the recently signed PPA Extension), covering fiscal years 1999, 2000 and 2001, is the most comprehensive PPA for New Jersey to date: the plan now addresses 8 broad environmental goals and one operational goal, as well as numerous issues which span across various NJDEP/EPA programs. This PPA contains environmental goals, milestones and indicators of progress, in addition to an extensive number of strategies/activities designed to accomplish these goals and milestones. In order to reflect both the emphasis of NEPPS on environmental outcomes as well as the changing nature of evaluation and program review integral to the NEPPS process, the PPA calls for a mid-agreement assessment, referred to as the Annual Performance Report, on progress toward environmental goals and major programmatic commitments.
Working Metaphors: Cross‐Sector Collaboration between Domestic Violence and Substance Use Services
Creators: name: Callaly, Van
name: Kertesz, Margaret
name: Laslett, Anne-Marie
name: Davidson, Jennifer
name: Humphreys, Cathy
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4409
subject: Social work
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Collaboration between services addressing domestic violence and substance use presents scope for enhancement. This study presents the first stage of an Australian action research project that aimed to investigate cross-sector collaboration between domestic violence and substance use services. The study employed purposive sampling for data collection, with the primary author conducting semistructured interviews with 26 senior policy workers, practitioners, and managers about their previous experiences in promoting collaboration between these two sectors. Employing metaphor analysis as a heuristic tool, the authors identified the metaphorical concepts that interviewees used to frame their understanding of cross-sector collaboration. These metaphorical concepts reveal the diverse approaches to conceptualizing and implementing cross-sector collaboration. Collaboration was understood by participants as engaging with geopolitics, fixing infrastructure, running a business, and playing a game. Each metaphorical concept has implications for how professionals understand and perform cross-sector collaboration. The predominant language of cross-sectoral collaboration illuminates the discursive field in which policymakers and senior managers are situated. Certain metaphorical concepts hindered participants' capacity to engage and sustain collaborative practice, while others held potential to promote collaboration. Researchers identified potential opportunities to promote collaborative practices between substance use and domestic violence sectors. By gaining insight into how professionals conceptualized cross-sector collaboration, leverage points were identified that supported the development of a policy stakeholder group working to address systemic issues of cross-sectoral practice.
Light as quantum back-action nullifying meter
Creators: name: Davuluri, Sankar
name: Li, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method to overcome quantum back-action in a measurement process using oscillators. An optical oscillator is used as a meter to measure the parameters of another open oscillator. The optical oscillator is synthesized such that the optical restoring force counters any perturbations induced by the quantum back-action phenomena. As a result, it is shown that the quantum back-action in continuous measurement is suppressed in the low frequency regime i.e., for frequencies much smaller than the resonance frequency of the open oscillator. As the meter plays the role of measuring parameters as well as suppressing the quantum back-action, we call it as quantum back-action nullifying meter. As an application of this method, synthesis of quantum back-action nullifying optical oscillator for suppressing radiation pressure force noise in linear and non-linear optomechanics is described.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Farmers' Expenditures for Custom Pesticide Services, 1971
Creators: name: Ferguson, Walter L.
name: Ferguson, Walter L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Pesticides
subject: custom services
subject: fungicides
subject: herbicides
subject: insecticides

description: In 1971, farmers spent $428 million for custom pesticide services in the United States; $154 million were spent on application and the rest for pesticide materials. About 98 percent of the expenditures for custom services were for crops and the remainder were for livestock and other farm uses. The largest expenditures for custom pesticide services were on corn and cotton, which together accounted for about 45 percent of the U.S. total for crops . The Pacific and Corn Belt regions accounted for over a third of the total for all crops. Farmers grossing over $40,000 spent about 60 percent of the total expenditures on crops. Average expenditures per farm ranged from under $450 for farmers grossing less than $20,000 to about $4,400 for those grossing $100,000 or more.
Automatic Analysis and Validation of the Chemical Literature
Creators: name: Townsend, JA
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: MOPAC
GAMESS
CIF
Calculation
OSCAR
Regular Expression

description: Thesis
description: Methods to automatically extract and validate data from the chemical literature in legacy formats to machine-understandable forms are examined. The work focuses of three types of data: analytical data reported in articles, computational chemistry output files and crystallographic information files (CIFs). It is shown that machines are capable of reading and extracting analytical data from the current legacy formats with high recall and precision. Regular expressions cannot identify chemical names with high precision or recall but non-deterministic methods perform significantly better. The lack of machine-understandable connection tables in the literature has been identified as the major issue preventing molecule-based data-driven science being performed in the area. The extraction of data from computational chemistry output files using parser-like approaches is shown to be not generally possible although such methods work well for input files. A hierarchical regular expression based approach can parse > 99:9% of the output files correctly although significant human input is required to prepare the templates. CIFs may be parsed with extremely high recall and precision, contain connection tables and the data is of high quality. The comparison of bond lengths calculated by two computational chemistry programs show good agreement in general but structures containing specific moieties cause discrepancies. An initial protocol for the high-throughput geometry optimisation of molecules extracted from the CIFs is presented and the refinement of this protocol is discussed. Differences in bond length between calculated and experimentally determined values from the CIFs of less than 0.03 Angstrom are shown to be expected by random error. The final protocol is used to find high-quality structures from crystallography which can be reused for further science.
description: Unilever Centre for Molecular Science Informatics
Commensurability oscillations in one-dimensional graphene superlattices
Creators: name: Drienovsky, Martin
name: Joachimsmeyer, Jonas
name: Sandner, Andreas
name: Liu, Ming-Hao
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Richter, Klaus
name: Weiss, Dieter
name: Eroms, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We report the experimental observation of commensurability oscillations (COs) in 1D graphene superlattices. The widely tunable periodic potential modulation in hBN encapsulated graphene is generated via the interplay of nanopatterned few layer graphene acting as a local bottom gate and a global Si back gate. The longitudinal magneto-resistance shows pronounced COs, when the sample is tuned into the unipolar transport regime. We observe up to six CO minima, providing evidence for a long mean free path despite the potential modulation. Comparison to existing theories shows that small angle scattering is dominant in hBN/graphene/hBN heterostructures. We observe robust COs persisting to temperature exceeding T=150 K. At high temperatures, we find deviations from the predicted T-dependence, which we ascribe to electron-electron scattering.
Extending the Boundaries of the Usage of NMR Chemical Shifts in Deciphering Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics
Creators: name: Sahakyan, AB
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biomolecular structure and dynamics
NMR chemical shifts
Structural biology
Structural chemistry
NMR spectroscopy
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Molecular dynamics

description: NMR chemical shifts have an extremely high information content on the behaviour of macromolecules, owing to their non-trivial dependence on myriads of structural and environmental factors. Although such complex dependence creates an initial barrier for their use for the characterisation of the structures of protein and nucleic acids, recent developments in prediction methodologies and their successful implementation in resolving the structures of these molecules have clearly demonstrated that such barrier can be crossed. Furthermore, the significance of chemical shifts as useful observables in their own right has been substantially increased since the development of the NMR techniques to study low populated "excited" states of biomolecules. This work is aimed at increasing our understanding of the multiple factors that affect chemical shifts in proteins and nucleic acids, and at developing high-quality chemical shift predictors for atom types that so far have largely escaped the attention in chemical shift restrained molecular dynamics simulations. A general approach is developed to optimise the models for structure-based chemical shift prediction, which is then used to construct CH3Shift and ArShift chemical shift predictors for the nuclei of protein side-chain methyl and aromatic moieties. These results have the potential of making a significant impact in structural biology, in particular when taking into account the advent of recent techniques for specific isotope labelling of protein side-chain atoms, which make large biomolecules accessible to NMR techniques. Through their incorporation as restraints in molecular dynamics simulations, the chemical shifts predicted by the approach described in this work create the opportunity of studying the structure and dynamics of proteins in a wide range of native and non-native states in order to characterise the mechanisms underlying the function and dysfunction of these molecules.
description: This work was supported by Herchel Smith Fund
Critical current anisotropy in high temperature superconductors
Creators: name: Durrell, J
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2001
Subjects: Critical Currents

description: The associated data is in a 'raw' form and is lacking some contextual data. Please do not republish any of the data from the zip file without reference to the author.
description: After nearly 15 years of research effort, High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) are finding a wide range of practical applications. A clear understanding of the factors controlling the current carrying capacity of these materials is a prerequisite to their successful technological development. The critical current density (Jc) in HTS is directly dependent on the structure and pinning of the Flux Line Lattice (FLL) in these materials. This thesis presents an investigation of the Jc anisotropy in HTS. The use of thin films grown on off c-axis (vicinal) substrates allowed the effect of current directions outside the cuprate planes to be studied. With this experimental geometry Berghuis, et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 12, pg. 2332) observed a striking flux channelling effect in vicinal YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) films. By confirming, and extending, this observation, it is demonstrated that this is an intrinsic effect. The results obtained, appear to fit well with the predictions of a field angle dependent cross-over from a three dimensional rectilinear FLL to a kinked lattice of strings and pancakes. The pinning force density for movement of strings inside the cuprate planes is considerably less than that on vortex pancake elements. When the FLL is entirely string-like this reduced pinning leads to the observed channelling minima. It is observed that anti-phase boundaries enhance the Jc in vicinal YBCO films by strongly pinning vortex strings. The effect on the FLL structure cross-over of increasing anisotropy has been elucidated using de-oxygenated vicinal YBCO films. Intriguingly, the counter intuitive prediction that the range of applied field angle for which the kinked lattice is fully developed reduces with increasing anisotropy, appears to be confirmed. Although vortex channelling cannot be observed in c-axis YBCO films, the pinning force density for vortex string channelling has been extracted by observing string dragging. By studying the effect of rotating the applied field at a constant angle to the cuprate planes, it is possible to observe the cross-over into the string pancake regime in c-axis films. In the 3D region, the observed behaviour is well explained by the anisotropic Ginzburg-Landau model. Measurements were also made on thin films of the much more anisotropic Bi 2Sr2CaCu2O8+x material, grown on vicinal substrates. The absence of any flux channelling effect and clear adherence to the expected Kes-Law behaviour in the observed Jc characteristics does not provide evidence for the existence of the predicted ‘crossing lattice’ in Bi 2Sr2CaCu2O8+x .
Shop Smart, Stay Warm: Your Guide to Buying High Efficiency Gas Heating Equipment
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey's Clean Energy Program (NJCEP), New Jersey Board of Public Utilities (BPU), Office of Clean Energy
Year: 2005

description: Choosing high efficiency gas heating equipment can save New Jersey citizens money on their heating bills, while reducing pollution associated with energy use. In addition, choosing a quality contractor to properly size and install the system will help to ensure that they receive good service and maximum home comfort. This booklet is designed to give citizens a better understanding of high efficiency gas heating equipment, contractor selection, and maintenance of the system, as they shop for a natural gas furnace or boiler. Information on how to qualify for cash rebates through the WARMAdvantage Program is also included.
Followers Are Not Enough: A Question-Oriented Approach to Community Detection in Online Social Networks
Creators: name: Darmon, David
name: Omodei, Elisa
name: Garland, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Community detection in online social networks is typically based on the analysis of the explicit connections between users, such as "friends" on Facebook and "followers" on Twitter. But online users often have hundreds or even thousands of such connections, and many of these connections do not correspond to real friendships or more generally to accounts that users interact with. We claim that community detection in online social networks should be question-oriented and rely on additional information beyond the simple structure of the network. The concept of 'community' is very general, and different questions such as "whom do we interact with?" and "with whom do we share similar interests?" can lead to the discovery of different social groups. In this paper we focus on three types of communities beyond structural communities: activity-based, topic-based, and interaction-based. We analyze a Twitter dataset using three different weightings of the structural network meant to highlight these three community types, and then infer the communities associated with these weightings. We show that the communities obtained in the three weighted cases are highly different from each other, and from the communities obtained by considering only the unweighted structural network. Our results confirm that asking a precise question is an unavoidable first step in community detection in online social networks, and that different questions can lead to different insights about the network under study.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, 1 tables
Tuning anti-Klein to Klein tunneling in bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Du, Renjun
name: Liu, Ming-Hao
name: Mohrmann, Jens
name: Wu, Fan
name: Krupke, Ralph
name: Löhneysen, Hilbert v.
name: Richter, Klaus
name: Danneau, Romain
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We show that in gapped bilayer graphene, quasiparticle tunneling and the corresponding Berry phase can be controlled such that it exhibits features of single layer graphene such as Klein tunneling. The Berry phase is detected by a high-quality Fabry-Pérot interferometer based on bilayer graphene. By raising the Fermi energy of the charge carriers, we find that the Berry phase can be continuously tuned from 2π down to 0.68π in gapped bilayer graphene, in contrast to the constant Berry phase of 2π in pristine bilayer graphene. Particularly, we observe a Berry phase of π, the standard value for single layer graphene. As the Berry phase decreases, the corresponding transmission probability of charge carriers at normal incidence clearly demonstrates a transition from anti-Klein tunneling to nearly perfect Klein tunneling.
Regular non-semisimple Dubrovin-Frobenius manifolds
Creators: name: Lorenzoni, Paolo
name: Perletti, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study regular non-semisimple Dubrovin-Frobenius manifolds in dimensions 2,3,4. We focus on the case where the Jordan canonical form of the operator of multiplication by the Euler vector field has a single Jordan block. Our results rely on the existence of special local coordinates introduced in [4] for regular flat F-manifolds with Euler vector field. In such coordinates the invariant metric of the Dubrovin-Frobenius manifold takes a special form which is the starting point of our construction.
Experimental observations and modeling of sub-Hinze bubble production by turbulent bubble break-up
Creators: name: Ruth, Daniel J.
name: Aiyer, Aditya K.
name: Rivière, Aliénor
name: Perrard, Stéphane
name: Deike, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present experiments on large air cavities spanning a wide range of sizes relative to the Hinze scale $d_\mathrm{H}$, the scale at which turbulent stresses are balanced by surface tension, disintegrating in turbulence. For cavities with initial sizes $d_0$ much larger than $d_\mathrm{H}$ (probing up to $d_0 / d_\mathrm{H} = 8.3$), the size distribution of bubbles smaller than $d_\mathrm{H}$ follows $N(d) \propto d^{-3/2}$, with $d$ the bubble diameter. The capillary instability of ligaments involved in the deformation of the large bubbles is shown visually to be responsible for the creation of the small ones. Turning to dynamical, three-dimensional measurements of individual break-up events, we describe the break-up child size distribution and the number of child bubbles formed as a function of $d_0 / d_\mathrm{H}$. Then, to model the evolution of a population of bubbles produced by turbulent bubble break-up, we propose a population balance framework in which break-up involves two physical processes: an inertial deformation to the parent bubble that sets the size of large child bubbles, and a capillary instability that sets the size of small child bubbles. A Monte Carlo approach is used to construct the child size distribution, with simulated stochastic break-ups constrained by our experimental measurements and the understanding of the role of capillarity in small bubble production. This approach reproduces the experimental time evolution of the bubble size distribution during the disintegration of large air cavities in turbulence.
Reappraisal of Shellfish Growing Area NE-4: The Shark River, 1994 - 2000
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Land Use Management, Water Monitoring and Standards
Year: 2004

description: The water quality data presented in this Reappraisal of Shellfish Growing Area NE-4, The Shark River, was collected between November 1994 and June 2000. The waters in this shellfish growing area are classified as Special Restricted. It is prohibited to harvest shellfish from this area for direct market without a special permit issued in compliance with the State of New Jersey's Relay or Depuration Programs. The water quality of this shellfish growing area was consistent with the shellfish growing area classification as specified by the National Shellfish Sanitation Program (NSSP) criteria (USPHS, 1997 Revision).
Water Snapshot '97: An Earth Week Survey of the Delaware River Basin
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Delaware River Basin Commission
Year: 1997

description: Water Snapshot '97 reports on the Earth Day water quality monitoring event throughout the entire Delaware River Basin. For nine days in April 1997, nearly 80 organizations and more than 350 individuals monitored the waters of the Delaware River Basin. These monitors sampled a total of 358 locations on 174 waterways throughout the Delaware River watershed. Monitors collected over 2,100 pieces of information. These data provide a 'snapshot' of the Delaware River watershed, which can be used to examine the river's water quality and to serve as a baseline for measuring future water quality. The results do not reflect exact science, but instead a record of the public's commitment to learn more about the quality of the basin's waters. For the parameters measured in 1997, the Delaware River Basin water quality is good.
Sharp hierarchical upper bounds on the critical two-point function for long-range percolation on $\mathbb{Z}^d$
Creators: name: Hutchcroft, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider long-range Bernoulli percolation on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ in which we connect each pair of distinct points $x$ and $y$ by an edge with probability $1-\exp(-β\|x-y\|^{-d-α})$, where $α>0$ is fixed and $β\geq 0$ is a parameter. We prove that if $0<α
description: 26 pages, 4 figures. V2: Various minor corrections
Scanning-gate-induced effects in nonlinear transport through nanostructures
Creators: name: Gorini, Cosimo
name: Weinmann, Dietmar
name: Jalabert, Rodolfo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of a scanning gate tip in the nonlinear quantum transport properties of nanostructures. Generally, we predict that the symmetry of the current-voltage characteristic in reflection-symmetric samples is broken by a tip-induced rectifying conductance correction. Moreover, in the case of a quantum point contact (QPC), the tip-induced rectification term becomes dominant as compared to the change of the linear conductance at large tip-QPC distances. Calculations for a weak tip probing a QPC modeled by an abrupt constriction show that these effects are experimentally observable.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, revised and extended final version
The elemental composition of the Sun III. The heavy elements Cu to Th
Creators: name: Grevesse, Nicolas
name: Scott, Pat
name: Asplund, Martin
name: Sauval, A. Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-evaluate the abundances of the elements in the Sun from copper ($Z=29$) to thorium ($Z=90$). Our results are mostly based on neutral and singly-ionised lines in the solar spectrum. We use the latest 3D hydrodynamic solar model atmosphere, and in a few cases also correct for departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) using non-LTE (NLTE) calculations performed in 1D. In order to minimise statistical and systematic uncertainties, we make stringent line selections, employ the highest-quality observational data and carefully assess oscillator strengths, hyperfine constants and isotopic separations available in the literature, for every line included in our analysis. Our results are typically in good agreement with the abundances in the most pristine meteorites, but there are some interesting exceptions. This analysis constitutes both a full exposition and a slight update of the relevant parts of the preliminary results we presented in Asplund, Grevesse, Sauval & Scott (arXiv:0909.0948), including full line lists and details of all input data that we have employed.
description: 5 figures, 18 pages + 6 online-only pages of tables. v2. Matches version accepted by A&A
title: Oberrichter Dr. Hermann Wächter
title: Präsident des zürcherischen Handelsgerichtes
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Mamelok, Arthur
Publisher: name: Schulthess & Co.
Year: 1916
Subjects: subject: 340 Recht
subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Wächter, Hermann
subject: Zürich
subject: Tilsit

description: Separatabdruck aus der Schweizerischen Juristen-Zeitung, XII. Jahrg., Heft 16 vom 15. Februar 1916
Young Galaxy Candidates in the Hubble Frontier Fields. I. Abell 2744
Creators: name: Zheng, W.
name: Shu, X.
name: Moustakas, J.
name: Zitrin, A.
name: Ford, H. C.
name: Huang, X.
name: Broadhurst, T.
name: Molino, A.
name: Diego, J. M.
name: Infante, L.
name: Bauer, F. E.
name: Kelson, D. D.
name: Smit, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of 24 Lyman-break candidates at 7
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables, submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
Conservation Matters: The Newsletter of the Hunterdon Land Trust Alliance, Vol. 7, No. 2, Summer 2003
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Hunterdon Land Trust Alliance (HLTA)
Year: 2003

description: This is the semi-annual newsletter of Hunterdon Land Trust Alliance (HLTA), which is a nonprofit conservation organization working to preserve and protect the rural character of Hunterdon County, New Jersey. This issue includes the following articles: Continuing Preservation along the Lockatong Creek; Annual HLTA Fall Dinner; President's Message; The Trepani Woods; The New Jersey Table Mountain Pine; and Your Land - a Stewardship Clinic.
Study of Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theory in presence of the Gribov horizon
Creators: name: Canfora, Fabrizio
name: Gómez, Arturo J.
name: Sorella, Silvio Paolo
name: Vercauteren, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-point gauge correlation function in Yang--Mills--Chern--Simons theory in three dimensional Euclidean space is analysed by taking into account the non-perturbative effects of the Gribov horizon. In this way, we are able to describe the confinement and de-confinement regimes, which naturally depend on the topological mass and on the gauge coupling constant of the theory.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. Comments and references added. Annals of Physics 2014
State of the Art (SOTA) Manual
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: State of New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Air Quality Permitting Program
Year: 1997

description: As promulgated in the New Jersey Air Pollution Control Act N.J.S.A. 26:2C-9.2C, and as set forth in the implementing regulations of the Air Pollution Control Act (N.J.A.C. 7:27-8 and N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.35), newly constructed, reconstructed, or modified equipment and control apparatus is required to incorporate advances in the art of air pollution control developed for the kind and amount of air contaminant emitted by the applicant's equipment or control apparatus.  The Air Pollution Control Act of New Jersey directed the Department to publish technical manuals that would include performance levels with respect to air pollution control, to be used by some permit applicants for demonstrating advances in the art of air pollution control.  'Advances in the art of air pollution control' is commonly referred to as 'State-of-the-Art' or SOTA.  SOTA generally includes performance limits that are based on air pollution control technology, pollution prevention methods, and process modifications or substitutions that will provide the greatest emission reductions that are technologically and economically feasible.  There are 17 SOTA manuals included in this series.  They cover the following topics:  volatile organic storage tanks; transfer operations; petroleum refineries; asphalt plants; chemical and pharmaceutical processing and manufacturing industries; degreasers and other solvent based metal surface cleaners; surface coating operations; commercial sterilizers and fumigators using ethylene oxide; municipal wastewater/sludge handling and treatment systems; non-hazardous onsite remediation processes; bakery ovens; broilers; internal combustion engines; stationary gas turbines; glass industry; paint, ink, and adhesive manufacturing industries; graphic arts industry.
Protected Pseudohelical Edge States in Z2-Trivial Proximitized Graphene
Creators: name: Frank, Tobias
name: Högl, Petra
name: Gmitra, Martin
name: Kochan, Denis
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We investigate topological properties of models that describe graphene on realistic substrates which induce proximity spin-orbit coupling in graphene. A Z2 phase diagram is calculated for the parameter space of (generally different) intrinsic spin-orbit coupling on the two graphene sublattices, in the presence of Rashba coupling. The most fascinating case is that of staggered intrinsic spin-orbit coupling which, despite being topologically trivial, Z2=0, does exhibit edge states protected by time-reversal symmetry for zigzag ribbons as wide as micrometers. We call these states pseudohelical as their helicity is locked to the sublattice. The spin character and robustness of the pseudohelical modes is best exhibited on a finite flake, which shows that the edge states have zero g factor, carry a pure spin current in the cross section of the flake, and exhibit spin-flip reflectionless tunneling at the armchair edges.
title: CTBTO: Goals, Networks, Data Analysis and Data Availability
Creators: name: Coyne, John
name: Bobrov, Dmitry
name: Bormann, Peter
name: Duran, Emerenciana
name: Grenard, Patrick
name: Haralabus, Georgios
name: Kitov, Ivan
name: Starovoit, Yuri
Publisher: name: Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
Year: 2012
Subjects: Seismology

description: New Manual of Seismological Observatory Practice 2 (NMSOP2)
Is the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic-Ray Excess Observed by the Telescope Array Correlated with IceCube Neutrinos?
Creators: name: Fang, Ke
name: Fujii, Toshihiro
name: Linden, Tim
name: Olinto, Angela V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Telescope Array (TA) has observed a statistically significant excess in cosmic-rays with energies above 57 EeV in a region of approximately 1150 square degrees centered on coordinates (R.A. = 146.7, Dec. = 43.2). We note that the location of this excess correlates with two of the 28 extraterrestrial neutrinos recently observed by IceCube. The overlap between the two IceCube neutrinos and the TA excess is statistically significant at the 2$σ$ level. Furthermore, the spectrum and intensity of the IceCube neutrinos is consistent with a single source which would also produce the TA excess. Finally, we discuss possible source classes with the correct characteristics to explain the cosmic-ray and neutrino fluxes with a single source.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Interstate Fisheries Management Program Charter
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC)
Year: 2003

description: This document outlines the policies, roles, functions, management, support, standards and procedures of the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission's (ASMFC)  Interstate Fisheries Management Program, as well as providing definitions for important terms, entities and concepts used throughout ASMFC literature.
Utility of Environmental Indicators for Policymaking and Evaluation From a State Perspective: The New Jersey Experience
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2001

description: This paper discusses the importance of environmental indicators as a central focus for the management of environmental and natural resource agencies over the past decade.  Whereas the success of an agency was once determined by the number of permits it issued or the amount of legislation proposed or passed, government and other bodies now seek to gauge the success of agencies by assessing the quality of the environment itself.  In New Jersey, cooperation among groups such as New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the National Environmental Performance Partnership System (NEPPS) and the Environmental Council of States (ECOS) have contributed to the development of this new Results-Based Management (RBM).
High Ground, Summer 2005
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Association of New Jersey Environmental Coalitions (ANJEC)
Year: 2005

description: High Ground is the quarterly newsletter of the Highlands Coalition, an alliance of more than 100 groups working to protect the four-state Highlands region. This issue features the following articles: Interview with Bill O'Hearn, new Highlands Coalition Executive Director; Highlands Conservation Act Celebration a Great Success; US Forest Service Embarks on PA and CT Highlands Study; NJ Highlands Water Protection and Planning Act: Implementation Moves Forward; NJ DEP Issues New Interim Highlands Regulations; NJ DOT Applies 'Smarter' Strategies to Rt. 57; Putnam County Open Space Alliance Established; Greenprint Project Off and Running in CT Highlands.
The elemental composition of the Sun II. The iron group elements Sc to Ni
Creators: name: Scott, Pat
name: Asplund, Martin
name: Grevesse, Nicolas
name: Bergemann, Maria
name: Sauval, A. Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We redetermine the abundances of all iron group nuclei in the Sun, based on neutral and singly-ionised lines of Sc, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni in the solar spectrum. We employ a realistic 3D hydrodynamic model solar atmosphere, corrections for departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE), stringent line selection procedures and high quality observational data. We have scoured the literature for the best quality oscillator strengths, hyperfine constants and isotopic separations available for our chosen lines. We find $\log ε_\mathrm{Sc}=3.16\pm0.04$, $\log ε_\mathrm{Ti}=4.93\pm0.04$, $\log ε_\mathrm{V}=3.89\pm0.08$, $\log ε_\mathrm{Cr}=5.62\pm0.04$, $\log ε_\mathrm{Mn}=5.42\pm0.04$, $\log ε_\mathrm{Fe}=7.47\pm0.04$, $\log ε_\mathrm{Co}=4.93\pm0.05$ and $\log ε_\mathrm{Ni}=6.20\pm0.04$. Our uncertainties factor in both statistical and systematic errors (the latter estimated for possible errors in the model atmospheres and NLTE line formation). The new abundances are generally in good agreement with the CI meteoritic abundances but with some notable exceptions. This analysis constitutes both a full exposition and a slight update of the preliminary results we presented in Asplund, Grevesse, Sauval & Scott (arXiv:0909.0948), including full line lists and details of all input data we employed.
description: 10 figures, 24 pages + 10 online-only pages of tables. v2. Matches version accepted by A&A