cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Collective behavior of penetrable self-propelled rods in two dimensions
Creators: name: Abkenar, Masoud
name: Marx, Kristian
name: Auth, Thorsten
name: Gompper, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Collective behavior of self-propelled particles is observed on a microscale for swimmers such as sperm and bacteria as well as for protein filaments in motility assays. The properties of such systems depend both on their dimensionality and the interactions between their particles. We introduce a model for self-propelled rods in two dimensions that interact via a separation-shifted Lennard-Jones potential. Due to the finite potential barrier, the rods are able to cross. This model allows us to efficiently simulate systems of self-propelled rods that effectively move in two dimensions but can occasionally escape to the third dimension in order to pass each other. Our quasi-two-dimensional self-propelled particles describe a class of active systems that encompasses microswimmers close to a wall and filaments propelled on a substrate. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we first determine the isotropic-nematic transition for passive rods. Using Brownian dynamics simulations, we characterize cluster formation of self-propelled rods as a function of propulsion strength, noise, and energy barrier. Contrary to rods with an infinite potential barrier, an increase of the propulsion strength does not only favor alignment but also effectively decreases the potential barrier that prevents crossing of rods. We thus find a clustering window with a maximum cluster size at medium propulsion strengths.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Racial disparities among mild stroke survivors: predictors of home discharge from a retrospective analysis
Creators: name: Bright, Lindsay
name: Baum, Carolyn M.
name: Roberts, Pamela
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Half of all strokes are classified as mild, and most mild stroke survivors are discharged home after their initial hospitalization without any post-acute rehabilitation despite experiencing cognitive, psychosocial, motor, and mobility impairments. To investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of mild stroke survivors and their association with discharge location. This is a retrospective analysis of mild stroke survivors from 2015–2023 in an academic medical center. Demographic characteristics, clinical measures, and discharge locations were obtained from the electronic health record. The Social Vulnerability Index was used to measure the community vulnerability. Associations between variables and discharge location were examined using bivariate logistic regression analysis. There were 2,953 mild stroke survivors included in this study. The majority of participants were White (65.46%), followed by Black (19.40%). Black stroke survivors and individuals with higher social vulnerability had a higher proportion of discharges to skilled nursing facilities (p = 0.001). Black patients and patients with high vulnerability in housing type and transportation were less likely to be discharged home. Mild stroke survivors have a high rate of home discharge, potentially because less severe stroke symptoms have a reduced need for intensive care. Racial disparities in discharge location were evident, with Black stroke survivors experiencing higher rates of institutionalized care and lower likelihood of being discharged home compared to White counterparts, emphasizing the importance of addressing these disparities for equitable healthcare delivery and optimal outcomes.
Lenothrix Miller 1903
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Lenothrix

description: Lenothrix Miller, 1903. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 26(1317): 466. REVIEWED BY: B. R. Stein (BRS). COMMENT: Considered a genus distinct from Rattus by Misonne, 1969, Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Cent. Tervuren, ser. 8, Sei. Zool., 172: 122, Musser and Boeadi, 1980, J. Mammal., 61:396, and Musser, 1981, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 168(3): 310-314.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 522, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
description: {"references": ["Misonne, X. 1969. African and Indo-Australian Muridae: Evolutionary trends. Annales Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Serie IN- 8, Sciences Zoologiques, 172: 1 - 219.", "Musser, G. G., and B. Boeadi. 1980. A new genus of murid rodent from the Komodo islands in Nusatenggara, Indonesia. Journal of Mammalogy, 61: 395 - 413."]}
Dynamical complexity of the Brans-Dicke cosmology
Creators: name: Hrycyna, Orest
name: Szydlowski, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of the Brans-Dicke theory with a quadratic scalar field potential function and barotropic matter is investigated. The dynamical system methods are used to reveal complexity of dynamical evolution in homogeneous and isotropic cosmological models. The structure of phase space crucially depends on the parameter of the theory $ω_{\textrm{BD}}$ as well as barotropic matter index $w_{m}$. In our analysis these parameters are treated as bifurcation parameters. We found sets of values of these parameters which lead to generic evolutional scenarios. We show that in isotropic and homogeneous models in the Brans-Dicke theory with a quadratic potential function the de Sitter state appears naturally. Stability conditions of this state are fully investigated. It is shown that these models can explain accelerated expansion of the Universe without the assumption of the substantial form of dark matter and dark energy. The Poincare construction of compactified phase space with a circle at infinity is used to show that phase space trajectories in a physical region can be equipped with a structure of a vector field on nontrivial topological closed space. For $ω_{\textrm{BD}}
description: 34 pages, 14 figs; (v2) 36 pages, 16 figs, refs. added, JCAP (in press)
Valence bond distribution and correlation in bipartite Heisenberg antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Schwandt, David
name: Alet, Fabien
name: Oshikawa, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Every singlet state of a quantum spin 1/2 system can be decomposed into a linear combination of valence bond basis states. The range of valence bonds within this linear combination as well as the correlations between them can reveal the nature of the singlet state, and are key ingredients in variational calculations. In this work, we study the bipartite valence bond distributions and their correlations within the ground state of the Heisenberg antiferromagnet on bipartite lattices. In terms of field theory, this problem can be mapped to correlation functions near a boundary. In dimension d >= 2, a non-linear sigma model analysis reveals that at long distances the probability distribution P(r) of valence bond lengths decays as |r|^(-d-1) and that valence bonds are uncorrelated. By a bosonization analysis, we also obtain P(r) proportional to |r|^(-d-1) in d=1 despite the different mechanism. On the other hand, we find that correlations between valence bonds are important even at large distances in d=1, in stark contrast to d >= 2. The analytical results are confirmed by high-precision quantum Monte Carlo simulations in d=1, 2, and 3. We develop a single-projection loop variant of the valence bond projection algorithm, which is well-designed to compute valence bond probabilities and for which we provide algorithmic details.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures. Final version after minor revisions
RISK, PREFERENCES AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES OF FARMERS IN GHANA
Creators: name: BOTCHWAY, EBO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: Risk and uncertainty are ubiquitous and varied within the agricultural sector coming from a wide range of factors including vagaries of weather, the unpredictable nature of biophysical processes, market cycles and enabling environment. This study was used to investigate how weather risk and climate shocks and other agricultural inputs impact real per capita income from food crop production in Ghana. An econometric model to estimate a stochastic production function that quantifies the effects of these variables on the mean, variance and skewness of real per capita income was adopted. The results show that average temperature has a significant concave relationship on real per capita income, indicating that rising average temperature increases real per capita income but the increase in real per capita income diminishes as average temperature increases above a maximum 27.78�C. Precipitation on the other hand does not have any significant effect on real per capita income on the average. It was, however, found to have a risk decreasing effect on the variability in real per capita income but increases the probability of crop failure resulting in low real per capita income. It was also revealed that, whereas variability in average temperature was found to reduce the probability of crop failure, variability in annual total precipitation was found to increase the probability of crop failure and thus reduces real per capita income. Future research will focus on how different degree of exposure to the risk flood impact on the behavioral traits of farmers and their decision-making process in adopting adaptation strategies.
Development of the Japanese version of the stroke stigma scale: a validity and reliability assessment
Creators: name: Kitamura, Shin
name: Miyamoto, Reiko
name: Watanabe, Shota
name: Yoshida, Taiki
name: Ishii, Yoshikazu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The stigma perceived by many post-stroke persons hinders their social lives. A scale to measure stigma is needed to identify social problems related to stigma, and to evaluate effectiveness of interventions. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Stroke Stigma Scale (SSS-J), and confirm its utility by examining reliability and validity. Eighty community-dwelling post-stroke individuals were enrolled at six sites. After translating the scale into Japanese using back translation methods, psychometric properties of the rating scale, internal scale validity, and reliability were examined to fit the Rasch model. Criterion-related validity, construct validity, and test-retest reliability were examined using total scores transformed to logit. For test-retest reliability, 30 participants completed the SSS-J twice, one week apart. Rasch analysis showed that the SSS-J had the best fit with 15 items on a 3-category rating scale. Item difficulty logits were -2.01 to 2.21, person ability logits were -4.69 to 0.62 (mean, -1.41), person reliability coefficient was 0.71 (separation index, 1.58), and item reliability coefficient was 0.96 (separation index, 5.04). For criterion validity, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was 0.51 (p < 0.001). For construct validity, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients with each subscale of the Stroke Impact Scale ranged from -0.36 to -0.16 (p = 0.002–0.126). For test-retest reliability, the intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.64 (p < 0.001). The SSS-J adapted to the Rasch model was reliable and valid. This scale can be used to quantitatively measure stigma among community-dwelling post-stroke persons in Japan.
A Natural Higgs Mass in Supersymmetry from Non-Decoupling Effects
Creators: name: Lu, Xiaochuan
name: Murayama, Hitoshi
name: Ruderman, Joshua T.
name: Tobioka, Kohsaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Higgs mass implies fine-tuning for minimal theories of weak scale supersymmetry (SUSY). Non-decoupling effects can boost the Higgs mass when new states interact with the Higgs, but new sources of SUSY breaking that accompany such extensions threaten naturalness. We show that two singlets with a Dirac mass can increase the Higgs mass while maintaining naturalness in the presence of large SUSY breaking in the singlet sector. We explore the modified Higgs phenomenology of this scenario, which we call the "Dirac NMSSM."
description: Version published in PRL, plus two additional figures. 6 pages, 4 figures
A formality theorem for Hochschild chains
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2006
Subjects: formality theorems
deformation quantization

description: We prove Tsygan's formality conjecture for Hochschild chains of the algebra of functions on an arbitrary smooth manifold M using the Fedosov resolutions proposed in math.QA/0307212 and the formality quasi-isomorphism for Hochschild chains of ℝ[[y1,..., yd]] proposed in paper math.QA/0010321 by Shoikhet. This result allows us to describe traces on the quantum algebra of functions on an arbitrary Poisson manifold. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
A gradient-augmented level set method with an optimally local, coherent advection scheme
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Level set method
Subgrid resolution
CIR method
Cubic
Curvature

description: The level set approach represents surfaces implicitly, and advects them by evolving a level set function, which is numerically defined on an Eulerian grid. Here we present an approach that augments the level set function values by gradient information, and evolves both quantities in a fully coupled fashion. This maintains the coherence between function values and derivatives, while exploiting the extra information carried by the derivatives. The method is of comparable quality to WENO schemes, but with optimally local stencils (performing updates in time by using information from only a single adjacent grid cell). In addition, structures smaller than the grid size can be located and tracked, and the extra derivative information can be employed to obtain simple and accurate approximations to the curvature. We analyze the accuracy and the stability of the new scheme, and perform benchmark tests. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
A high phase-space-density gas of polar molecules
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2008
Subjects: quant-ph
cond-mat.other

description: A quantum gas of ultracold polar molecules, with long-range and anisotropic interactions, not only would enable explorations of a large class of many-body physics phenomena but also could be used for quantum information processing. We report on the creation of an ultracold dense gas of potassium-rubidium ( 40K87Rb) polar molecules. Using a single step of STIRAP (stimulated Raman adiabatic passage) with two-frequency laser irradiation, we coherently transfer extremely weakly bound KRb molecules to the rovibrational ground state of either the triplet or the singlet electronic ground molecular potential. The polar molecular gas has a peak density of 1012 per cubic centimeter and an expansion-determined translational temperature of 350 nanokelvin. The polar molecules have a permanent electric dipole moment, which we measure with Stark spectroscopy to be 0.052(2) Debye (1 Debye = 3.336 × 10-30 coulomb-meters) for the triplet rovibrational ground state and 0.566(17) Debye for the singlet rovibrational ground state.
Mechanical and morphological characterisation of porcine urethras for the assessment of paediatric urinary catheter safety
Creators: name: Cunnane, Eoghan
name: Cunnane, Connor
name: ALLARDYCE, JOANNA
name: Croghan, Stefanie M.
name: WALSH, MICHAEL
name: F. Davis, Niall
name: Flood, Hugh D.
name: Mulvihill, John J.E.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: Engineering

description: Paediatric urinary catheters are often necessary in critical care settings or to address congenital anomalies affecting the urogenital system. Iatrogenic injuries can occur during the placement of such catheters, highlighting the need for a safety device that can function in paediatric settings. Despite successful efforts to develop devices that improve the safety of adult urinary catheters, no such devices are available for use with paediatric catheters. This study investigates the potential for utilising a pressure-controlled safety mechanism to limit the trauma experienced by paediatric patients during inadvertent inflation of a urinary catheter anchoring balloon in the urethra. Firstly, we establish a paediatric model of the human urethra using porcine tissue by characterising the mechanical and morphological properties of porcine tissue at increasing postnatal timepoints (8, 12, 16 and 30 weeks). We identified that porcine urethras harvested from pigs at postnatal week 8 and 12 exhibit morpho?logical properties (diameter and thickness) that are statistically distinct from adult porcine urethras (postnatal week 30). We therefore utilise urethra tissue from postnatal week 8 and 12 pigs as a model to evaluate a pressure-controlled approach to paediatric urinary catheter balloon inflation intended to limit tissue trauma during inadvertent inflation in the urethra. Our results show that limiting catheter system pressure to 150 kPa avoided trauma in all tissue samples. Conversely, all of the tissue samples that underwent traditional uncontrolled urinary catheter inflation experienced complete rupture. The findings of this study pave the way for the development of a safety device for use with paediatric catheters, thereby alleviating the burden of catastrophic trauma and life changing injuries in children due to a preventable iatrogenic urogenital event.
Effects of exercise on post-stroke cognitive function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Li, Gen
name: Tao, Xifeng
name: Lei, Bingkai
name: Hou, Xiao
name: Yang, Xiaoguang
name: Wang, Leiyuyang
name: Zhang, Shiyan
name: Lv, Yuanyuan
name: Wang, Tongling
name: Yu, Laikang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mental Health

description: A growing body of research examining the effect of exercise on cognitive function in stroke patients, while findings of available studies were conflicting. We aimed to estimate the effect of exercise on cognitive function in stroke patients. For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus electronic databases, through 13 March 2023. The three-level restricted maximum likelihood random effects model was used to synthesize the data. Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. There was a significant effect of exercise on improving cognitive function in stroke patients (Cohen’s d = 0.37, 95% CI, 0.16 to 0.58, p < 0.01, I2  = 22.12%). Subgroup analysis showed that exercise significantly improved memory. In addition, aerobic exercise, exercise conducted 12 weeks or more, 3 times or more per week, less than 60 minutes per session, less than 180 minutes per week, and up to 12 months post-stroke increased cognitive function significantly. Exercise improved cognitive function in stroke patients. To improve cognitive function, this meta-analysis provides clinicians with evidence to recommend that stroke patients participate in aerobic exercise at least 3 times per week for 30–60 minutes, with a goal of 180 minutes per week being achieved by increasing the frequency of exercise. Exercise initiated within 12 months post-stroke and continued for 12 weeks or more is most beneficial for improving cognitive function.
Semimetallic Two-Dimensional Boron Allotrope with Massless Dirac Fermions
Creators: name: Zhou, Xiang-Feng
name: Dong, Xiao
name: Oganov, Artem R.
name: Zhu, Qiang
name: Tian, Yongjun
name: Wang, Hui-Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been widely accepted that planar boron structures, composed of triangular and hexagonal motifs are the most stable two dimensional (2D) phases and likely precursors for boron nanostructures. Here we predict, based on ab initio evolutionary structure search, novel 2D boron structure with non-zero thickness, which is considerably, by 50 meV/atom lower in energy than the recently proposed alpha-sheet structure and its analogues. In particular, this phase is identified for the first time to have a distorted Dirac cone, after graphene and silicene the third elemental material with massless Dirac fermions. The buckling and coupling between the two sublattices not only enhance the energetic stability, but also are the key factors for the emergence of the distorted Dirac cone.
description: 5 pages and 4 figures; xfzhou@nankai.edu.cn
A high-performance virtual machine filesystem monitor in cloud-assisted cognitive IoT
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Filesystem monitor
Minimized scanning
Hooking backend driver
Copy-on-write image analysis

description: © 2018 Elsevier B.V. Cloud-assisted Cognitive Internet of Things has powerful data analytics abilities based on the computing and data storage capabilities of cloud virtual machines, which makes protecting virtual machine filesystem very important for the whole system security. Agentless periodic filesystem monitors are optimal solutions to protect cloud virtual machines because of the secure and low-overhead features. However, most of the periodic monitors usually scan all of the virtual machine filesystem or protected files in every scanning poll, so lots of secure files are scanned again and again even though they are not corrupted. In this paper, we propose a novel agentless periodic filesystem monitor framework for virtual machines with different image formats to improve the performance of agentless periodic monitors. Our core idea is to minimize the scope of the scanning files in both file integrity checking and virus detection. In our monitor, if a file is considered secure, it will not be scanned when it has not been modified. Since our monitor only scans the newly created and modified files, it can check fewer files than other filesystem monitors. To that end, we propose two monitor methods for different types of virtual machine disks to reduce the number of scanning files. For virtual machine with single disk image, we hook the backend driver to capture the disk modification information. For virtual machine with multiple copy-on-write images, we leverage the copy-on-write feature of QCOW2 images to achieve the disk modification analysis. In addition, our system can restore and remove the corrupted files. The experimental results show that our system is effective for both Windows and Linux virtual machines with different image formats and can reduce the number of scanning files and scanning time.
The dynamics of z=0.8 H-alpha-selected star-forming galaxies from KMOS/CF-HiZELS
Creators: name: Sobral, David
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Stott, John
name: Matthee, Jorryt
name: Bower, Richard G.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Best, Philip N.
name: Geach, James E.
name: Sharples, Ray M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the spatially resolved H-alpha (Ha) dynamics of sixteen star-forming galaxies at z~0.81 using the new KMOS multi-object integral field spectrograph on the ESO VLT. These galaxies were selected using 1.18 um narrow-band imaging from the 10 deg^2 CFHT-HiZELS survey of the SA22hr field, are found in a ~4Mpc over-density of Ha emitters and likely reside in a group/intermediate environment, but not a cluster. We confirm and identify a rich group of star-forming galaxies at z=0.813+-0.003, with thirteen galaxies within 1000 km/s of each other, and 7 within a diameter of 3Mpc. All our galaxies are "typical" star-forming galaxies at their redshift, 0.8+-0.4 SFR*(z=0.8), spanning a range of specific star formation rate of sSFR=0.2-1.1 Gyr^-1 and have a median metallicity very close to solar of 12+log(O/H)=8.62+-0.06. We measure the spatially resolved Ha dynamics of the galaxies in our sample and show that thirteen out of sixteen galaxies can be described by rotating disks and use the data to derive inclination corrected rotation speeds of 50-275 km/s. The fraction of disks within our sample is 75+-8, consistent with previous results based on HST morphologies of Ha selected galaxies at z~1 and confirming that disks dominate the star formation rate density at z~1. Our Ha galaxies are well fitted by the z~1-2 Tully-Fisher relation, confirming the evolution seen in the zero-point. Apart from having, on average, higher stellar masses and lower sSFRs, our group galaxies at z=0.813 present the same mass-metallicity and TF relation as z~1 field galaxies, and are all disk galaxies.
description: Published in ApJ. 8 pages, 3 figures
A Maximum-Caliber Approach to Predicting Perturbed Folding Kinetics Due to Mutations
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence
Kinetics
Markov Chains
Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Mutation
Peptides
Protein Folding
Protein Structure, Secondary
Tryptophan

description: © 2016 American Chemical Society. We present a maximum-caliber method for inferring transition rates of a Markov state model (MSM) with perturbed equilibrium populations given estimates of state populations and rates for an unperturbed MSM. It is similar in spirit to previous approaches, but given the inclusion of prior information, it is more robust and simple to implement. We examine its performance in simple biased diffusion models of kinetics and then apply the method to predicting changes in folding rates for several highly nontrivial protein folding systems for which non-native interactions play a significant role, including (1) tryptophan variants of the GB1 hairpin, (2) salt-bridge mutations of the Fs peptide helix, and (3) MSMs built from ultralong folding trajectories of FiP35 and GTT variants of the WW domain. In all cases, the method correctly predicts changes in folding rates, suggesting the wide applicability of maximum-caliber approaches to efficiently predict how mutations perturb protein conformational dynamics.
Polarimetry of cosmic gamma-ray sources above e+e- pair creation threshold
Creators: name: Bernard, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the potential for gamma-ray conversion to electron-positron pairs, either in the field of a nucleus or of an electron of a detector, to measure the fraction P of linear polarization of cosmic gamma sources. For this purpose we implement, validate and use an event generator based on the HELAS amplitude calculator and on the SPRING event generator. We characterize several ways to measure P. Past proposals to increase the polarization sensitivity by the selection of a fraction of the events in a subset of the available phase space are found to be inefficient, due to the loss in statistics. The use of an optimal variable that includes the full 5D probability density function is found to improve the precision of the measurement of P of a factor of approximately 2. We then study the dilution of the asymmetry that parametrize the degradation of the precision due to experimental effects such as multiple scattering. In a detector made with a succession of converter slabs and tracker foils, the dependance of the dilution is found to be different from that predicted assuming a given (the most probable) value of the pair opening angle. The limitations of a slab detector are avoided by the use of an active target, in which conversion and tracking are performed by the same device, in which case the dilution of the measurement of P is found to be manageable. Based on a realistic sizing of the detector, and for an effective exposure of 1 year, we estimate the precision for a Crab-like source on the full energy range to be approximately 1.4 %.
description: version 2 : Note added in proof. 18 pages, 29 figures, published in Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A 729 (2013) 765
BE-Prosocial. Educational Program Prosocial Online Behavior Adolescence
Creators: name: Pérez-Torres, Vanesa
name: Matute Azagra, Alba
name: López García, Miguel
name: Lucio Lobato Rincón, Luis
name: Pastor, Yolanda
name: López-Sáez, Miguel Ángel
name: Thomas-Currás, Helena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390306
subject: Secondary education
classificationCode: 520102
subject: Educational psychology
classificationCode: 529999
subject: Other psychology not elsewhere classified

description: Programa de intervención educativa para la promoción de conductas prosociales online en la adolescencia
Quarkonium production in high energy proton-nucleus collisions: CGC meets NRQCD
Creators: name: Kang, Zhong-Bo
name: Ma, Yan-Qing
name: Venugopalan, Raju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the production of heavy quarkonium states in high energy proton-nucleus collisions. Following earlier work of Blaizot, Fujii, Gelis, and Venugopalan, we systematically include both small $x$ evolution and multiple scattering effects on heavy quark pair production within the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) framework. We obtain for the first time expressions in the Non-Relativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization formalism for heavy quarkonium differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum and rapidity. We observe that the production of color singlet heavy quark pairs is sensitive to both "quadrupole" and "dipole" Wilson line correlators, whose energy evolution is described by the Balitsky-JIMWLK equations. In contrast, the color octet channel is sensitive to dipole correlators alone. In a quasi-classical approximation, our results for the color singlet channel reduce to those of Dominguez et. al. [1]. We compare our results to those obtained combining the CGC with the color evaporation model and point to qualitative differences in the two approaches.
description: version to be published in JHEP, 33 pages, 1 figure, discussion of low p_T limit of our results added
Vibrationally Resolved Decay Width of Interatomic Coulombic Decay in HeNe
Creators: name: Trinter, F.
name: Williams, J. B.
name: Weller, M.
name: Waitz, M.
name: Pitzer, M.
name: Voigtsberger, J.
name: Schober, C.
name: Kastirke, G.
name: Müller, C.
name: Goihl, C.
name: Burzynski, P.
name: Wiegandt, F.
name: Wallauer, R.
name: Kalinin, A.
name: Schmidt, L. Ph. H.
name: Schöffler, M. S.
name: Chiang, Y. -C.
name: Gokhberg, K.
name: Jahnke, T.
name: Dörner, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ionization of HeNe from below the He 1s3p excitation to the He ionization threshold. We observe HeNe$^+$ ions with an enhancement by more than a factor of 60 when the He side couples resonantly to the radiation field. These ions are an experimental proof of a two-center resonant photoionization mechanism predicted by Najjari et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 153002 (2010)]. Furthermore, our data provide electronic and vibrational state resolved decay widths of interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD) in HeNe dimers. We find that the ICD lifetime strongly increases with increasing vibrational state.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Detectability of Torsion Gravity via Galaxy Clustering and Cosmic Shear Measurements
Creators: name: Camera, Stefano
name: Cardone, Vincenzo F.
name: Radicella, Ninfa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alterations of the gravity Lagrangian introduced in modified torsion gravity theories---also referred to as $f(T)$ gravity---allows for an accelerated expansion in a matter dominated Universe. In this framework, the cosmic speed up is driven by an effective `torsion fluid'. Besides the background evolution of the Universe, structure formation is also modified because of a time dependent effective gravitational constant. Here, we investigate the imprints of $f(T)$ gravity on galaxy clustering and weak gravitational lensing to the aim of understanding whether future galaxy surveys could constrain torsion gravity and discriminate amongst it and standard general relativity. Specifically, we compute Fisher matrix forecasts for two viable $f(T)$ models to both infer the accuracy on the measurement of the model parameters and evaluate the power that a combined clustering and shear analysis will have as a tool for model selection. We find that with such a combination of probes it will indeed be possible to tightly constrain $f(T)$ model parameters. Moreover, the Occam's razor provided by the Bayes factor will allow us to confirm an $f(T)$ power-law extension of the concordance $Λ{\rm CDM}$ model, were a value larger than 0.02 of its power-law slope measured, whereas in $Λ{\rm CDM}$ it is exactly 0.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
Yukawa sector of Multi Higgs Doublet Models in the presence of Abelian symmetries
Creators: name: Serodio, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general method for classifying the possible quark models of a multi-Higgs-doublet model, in the presence of Abelian symmetries, is presented. All the possible sets of textures that can be present in a given sector are shown, thus turning the determination of the flavor models into a combinatorial problem. Several symmetry implementations are studied for two and three Higgs doublet models. Some models implementations are explored in great detail, with a particular emphasis on models known as Branco-Grimus-Lavoura and nearest-neighbour-nnteraction. Several considerations on the flavor changing neutral currents of multi-Higgs models are also given.
description: Small aesthetic corrections matching the publish version
THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITALISATION ON WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP PERFORMANCE: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF AGE AND EDUCATIONAL LEVEL
Creators: name: RAHABHI MASHAPURE
name: LOVEMORE CHIKAZHE
name: TSITSI MUFUDZA
name: MUNYARADZI CHIBARO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Entrepreneurship Digitalisation, Women Entrepreneurship Performance, Zimbabwe.

description: Abstract

Entrepreneurship digitalisation is a powerful tool of boosting business performance. However, little is known about how digitalisation can enhance women entrepreneurship ventures. In this study, by building upon the Technology Acceptance Model we address that gap by investigating how entrepreneurship digitalisation dimensions (perceived usefulness of digital technology, perceived ease of use of digital technology and voluntariness on the use of digital technology) enhance women entrepreneurship performance. The variables are moderated by age and level of education. Being guided by the positivism philosophy, researchers collected data using a structured questionnaire and the data were analysed using the Structural modelling equation in SPSS V25, and in AmosV25. The present study used a sample size of 200 women entrepreneurs.  Convenience sampling was used to select respondents who participated in the cross-sectional survey. A self-administered structured Likert type scale questionnaire was used to collect data. The study found that perceived usefulness of digital technology, perceived ease of use of digital technology and voluntariness on the use of digital technology influence women entrepreneurship performance. The study found that the effect of entrepreneurship digitalisation on women entrepreneurship performance is stronger in young than in older women. It was also found that the effect of entrepreneurship digitalisation on women entrepreneurship performance is stronger in highly educated than in less educated women. Studies that have investigated the influence of entrepreneurship digitalisation on women entrepreneurship performance in an emerging economy like Zimbabwe are scarce. Thus, the current study was conducted to further the understanding of the inclusion of entrepreneurship digitalisation in the performance of women entrepreneurship businesses.
title: Χημικοί αισθητήρες νανοσωματιδίων για ανίχνευση αερίων
title: Chemical sensors of nanoparticles for gas detection
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Καραδήμας, Ευθύμιος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: Νανοτεχνολογία
Nανοϋλικά
Αισθητήρες
Χημικός αισθητήρας αερίων
Νανοσωματίδια
Πολυμερή
Ηλεκτρονικές μύτες
Φυτοφάρμακα
Σχετική υγρασία
Ροή αζώτου
Ανάλυση PCA
Βιοαισθητήρες
Βιοδείκτες
Εκπνεόμενα αέρια

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία είχε ως σκοπό να μελετήσει την ανίχνευση πτητικών οργανικών ενώσεων, οι οποίες συνιστώνται ως συστατικά σε κοινά φυτοφάρμακα. Η ανίχνευση αυτή πραγματοποιήθηκε με χρήση διάταξης νανοσωματιδίων πλατίνας, και πολυμερών. Οι χημικοί αισθητήρες αερίων στοχεύουν στην ανίχνευση συγκεκριμένων μορίων ενός αερίου στόχου και πολλές φορές χαρακτηρίζονται ως ηλεκτρονικές μύτες (e-noses). Η προσρόφηση και η διάχυση αεριών από τα πολυμερή και οι μηχανισμοί αγωγιμότητας που διέπουν τα νανοσωματίδια, καθιστούν τις διατάξεις αυτές κατάλληλες για τα συγκεκριμένα πειράματα. Οι αισθητήρες που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν για τα πειράματα αποτελούνται από νανοσωματίδια πλατίνας, υποστρώματα πυριτίου και πολυμερή. Ως αισθητήρια υμένια χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τα, ευαίσθητα στα αέρια, πολυμερή Pema, Phema, Pibma, Pbma. Οι μετρήσεις αποσκοπούσαν στην ανίχνευση του αερίου φυτοφαρμάκου σε περιβάλλον σχετικής υγρασίας. Η υπό ανίχνευση ουσία καθώς και η αναφορά, βρίσκονταν σε υδατική μορφή από την οποία παραλαμβάνονται οι ατμοί μέσω αερίου αζώτου. Τα πιο σημαντικά στοιχεία της διάταξης ήταν οι ελεγκτές ροής αζώτου, η αισθητήριες διατάξεις, το ηλεκτρόμετρο καθώς και τα δοχεία bubblers. Αφού συντέθηκε το φυτοφάρμακο, οι μετρήσεις πραγματοποιήθηκαν σε δύο περιβάλλοντα θερμοκρασίας και σε τρία διαφορετικά υπόβαθρα υγρασίας για τις τέσσερεις αισθητήριες διατάξεις. Πραγματοποιήθηκε καταγραφή της αρχικής και τελικής τιμής αντίστασης για ροή φυτοφαρμάκου και υγρασίας και στην συνέχεια υπολογίστηκε ο λόγος μεταβολής αντίστασης και αρχικής αντίστασης. Παρατηρήθηκε ότι η αντίσταση των διατάξεων αυξάνεται ανάλογα με την αύξηση των ποσοστών σχετικής υγρασίας. Ακόμη, η απόκριση των αισθητήρων σε ατμούς φυτοφαρμάκου και υγρασίας διαφοροποιείται πιο έντονα σε υψηλότερα ποσοστά σχετικής υγρασίας του περιβάλλοντος και ιδιαιτέρα στις συνθήκες θερμοκρασίας των 35 °C Συνεπώς, η χρήση των συγκεκριμένων χημικών διατάξεων μπορεί να αποβεί χρήσιμη στην ανίχνευση φυτοφάρμακου σε περιβάλλον σχετικής υγρασίας. Ένας από τους στόχους της μελέτης ήταν να αξιολογηθεί η χρήση του αισθητήρα και να διαπιστωθεί αν είναι ικανός να χρησιμοποιηθεί σε εφαρμογές στο πεδίο της γεωργίας. Εφόσον η διάκριση πραγματοποιήθηκε επιτυχώς, η διάταξη θα μπορούσε να χρησιμοποιηθεί για ανίχνευση συγκεκριμένων ουσιών, παρόμοιας φύσεως, η οποίες συνιστούν βιοδείκτες, λαμβάνοντας υπόψιν τους σχετικούς περιορισμούς.
Lenothrix canus Miller 1903
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Lenothrix
Lenothrix canus

description: Lenothrix canus Miller, 1903. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 26(1317):466. TYPE LOCALITY: Indonesia, Tuangku Isl. (west of Sumatra). DISTRIBUTION: Malaya; Tuangku Isl.; Sarawak. COMMENT: Includes malaisia; see Medway, 1977:119. Musser, 1981, Zool. Verhandelingen, 189:4, 5, excluded the W. Javan sodyi from canus and placed it in Kadarsanomys. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410011058022001 as Rattus canus.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 522, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
description: {"references": ["Medway, L. 1977. Mammals of Borneo: Field keys and an annotated checklist. Second ed. Monograph, Malay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 7: 1 - 172."]}
Towards precision public health: Geospatial analytics and sensitivity/specificity assessments to inform liver cancer prevention
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Disparities
Geospatial
Liver cancer
Neighborhood
Precision public health
Sensitivity
Specificity

description: © 2020 The Authors Objectives: Liver cancer (LC) continues to rise, partially due to limited resources for prevention. To test the precision public health (PPH) hypothesis that fewer areas in need of LC prevention could be identified by combining existing surveillance data, we compared the sensitivity/specificity of standard recommendations to target geographic areas using U.S. Census demographic data only (percent (%) Hispanic, Black, and those born 1950–1959) to an alternative approach that couples additional geospatial data, including neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES), with LC disease statistics. Methods: Pennsylvania Cancer Registry data from 2007-2014 were linked to 2010 U.S. Census data at the Census tract (CT) level. CTs in the top 80th percentile for 3 standard demographic variables, %Hispanic, %Black, %born 1950–1959, were identified. Spatial scan statistics (SatScan) identified CTs with significantly elevated incident LC rates (p-value<0.05), adjusting for age, gender, diagnosis year. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) of a CT being located in an elevated risk cluster and/or testing positive/negative for at least one standard variable were calculated. nSES variables (deprivation, stability, segregation) significantly associated with LC in regression models (p < 0.05) were systematically evaluated for improvements in sensitivity/specificity. Results: 9,460 LC cases were diagnosed across 3,217 CTs. 1,596 CTs were positive for at least one of 3 standard variables. 5 significant elevated risk clusters (CTs = 402) were identified. 324 CTs were positive for a high risk cluster AND standard variable (sensitivity = 92%; specificity = 37%; PPV = 17.4%). Incorporation of 3 new nSES variables with one standard variable (%Black) further improved sensitivity (93%), specificity (62.9%), and PPV (26.3%). Conclusions: We introduce a quantitative assessment of PPH by applying established sensitivity/specificity assessments to geospatial data. Coupling existing disease cluster and nSES data can more precisely identify intervention targets with a liver cancer burden than standard demographic variables. Thus, this approach may inform prioritization of limited resources for liver cancer prevention.
A current driven electromagnetic mode in sheared and toroidal configurations
Creators: name: Pusztai, István
name: Catto, Peter J.
name: Parra, Felix I.
name: Barnes, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The induced electric field in a tokamak drives a parallel electron current flow. In an inhomogeneous, finite beta plasma, when this electron flow is comparable to the ion thermal speed, the Alfven mode wave solutions of the electromagnetic gyrokinetic equation can become nearly purely growing kink modes. Using the new "low-flow" version of the gyrokinetic code GS2 developed for momentum transport studies [Barnes et al 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 055005], we are able to model the effect of the induced parallel electric field on the electron distribution to study the destabilizing influence of current on stability. We identify high mode number kink modes in GS2 simulations and make comparisons to analytical theory in sheared magnetic geometry. We demonstrate reassuring agreement with analytical results both in terms of parametric dependences of mode frequencies and growth rates, and regarding the radial mode structure.
description: Revised version of the manuscript, to be submitted to PPCF
A new population of recently quenched elliptical galaxies in the SDSS
Creators: name: McIntosh, Daniel H.
name: Wagner, Cory
name: Cooper, Andrew
name: Bell, Eric F.
name: Keres, Dusan
name: Bosch, Frank C. van den
name: Gallazzi, Anna
name: Haines, Tim
name: Mann, Justin
name: Pasquali, Anna
name: Christian, Allison M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to investigate the properties of massive elliptical galaxies in the local Universe (z\leq0.08) that have unusually blue optical colors. Through careful inspection, we distinguish elliptical from non-elliptical morphologies among a large sample of similarly blue galaxies with high central light concentrations (c_r\geq2.6). These blue ellipticals comprise 3.7 per cent of all c_r\geq2.6 galaxies with stellar masses between 10^10 and 10^11 h^{-2} {\rm M}_{\sun}. Using published fiber spectra diagnostics, we identify a unique subset of 172 non-star-forming ellipticals with distinctly blue urz colors and young (< 3 Gyr) light-weighted stellar ages. These recently quenched ellipticals (RQEs) have a number density of 2.7-4.7\times 10^{-5}\,h^3\,{\rm Mpc}^{-3} and sufficient numbers above 2.5\times10^{10} h^{-2} {\rm M}_{\sun} to account for more than half of the expected quiescent growth at late cosmic time assuming this phase lasts 0.5 Gyr. RQEs have properties that are consistent with a recent merger origin (i.e., they are strong `first-generation' elliptical candidates), yet few involved a starburst strong enough to produce an E+A signature. The preferred environment of RQEs (90 per cent reside at the centers of < 3\times 10^{12}\,h^{-1}{\rm M}_{\sun} groups) agrees well with the `small group scale' predicted for maximally efficient spiral merging onto their halo center and rules out satellite-specific quenching processes. The high incidence of Seyfert and LINER activity in RQEs and their plausible descendents may heat the atmospheres of small host halos sufficiently to maintain quenching.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures. Revised version; accepted for publication in MNRAS