cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measuring steroids from dried blood spots using tandem mass spectrometry to diagnose congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Creators: name: Qasrawi, Deema Omar
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Endocrinology
subject: Mass spectrometry
subject: Steroids
subject: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
subject: dried blood spots
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biophysics--Medical
subject: Chemistry--Analytical
subject: Biochemistry

description: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders that occur due to defects in the steroidogenesis pathway within the adrenal glands. CAH is characterized by numerous clinical manifestations resulting from dysregulation of various enzymes in the steroidogenesis pathway. Approximately 90% of CAH cases can be diagnosed by the measurement of serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone alone. However, the quantification of six additional steroids, cortisol, 21-deoxycortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, androstenedione, pregnenolone and dehydroepiandrosterone could significantly improve CAH laboratory diagnosis. Although clinical laboratories predominantly use immunoassays to measure some of the above steroids, these assays are hampered by low specificity due to cross reactivity of antibodies to molecules with similar structures and high cost of antibodies used in the system. As CAH is diagnosed in neonates, using dried blood spot (DBS) as specimen of choice can further improve patient care due to the very small sample volume. This study aimed to develop a more specific and rapid assay to measure seven steroids using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in DBS. An optimized DBS sample preparation method was employed without the need of derivatization. A LC-MS/MS assay was developed and optimized using reverse phase-ultra performance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC) system combined with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometry using positive electrospray ionization (+ESI) mode. Each steroid was quantified using its deuterated or isotopically labelled internal standard. Calibration curve and quality control specimens were prepared in saline-washed erythrocytes mixed with steroid free serum to achieve a 55±1% hematocrit level. Prepared specimens were enriched with predetermined concentrations of the seven steroids and spotted onto Whatman 903® filter papers. The assay was validated according to CLSI analytical guidelines, including limit of detection (LOD) and lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), linearity, precision, and method comparison. The analytical measuring range of the method for all steroids was 2.5 were 0.11-1.8 ng/ml, 0.001-6.4 ng/ml, 1.8–11.5%, and 5.3-13.8%, respectively. This robust and inexpensive assay can be readily implemented in clinical laboratories equipped with LC-MS/MS and can provides superior analytical performance over traditional immunoassays for the diagnosis of CAH.
Order and supersymmetry at high filling zero energy states on the triangular lattice
Creators: name: Galanakis, D.
name: Henley, C. L.
name: Papanikolaou, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform exact diagonalization studies in d=2 dimensions for the Fendley and Schoutens model of hard-core and nearest-neighbor excluding fermions that displays an exact non-relativistic supersymmetry. Using clusters of all possible shapes up to 46 sites, we systematically study the behavior of the ground state phase diagram as a function of filling. We focus on the highly degenerate zero-energy states found at fillings between 1/7 and ~1/5. At the lower end of that interval, at filling 1/7, we explicitly show that the ground states are gapped crystals. Consistent with previous suggestions, we find that the extensive entropy of zero states peaks at a filling of ~0.178. At the higher end of the interval, we find zero energy ground states at fillings above 1/5, in contradiction to previous numerical studies and analytical suggestions; these display non-trivial amplitude degeneracies.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Querying Faceted Databases
Creators: name: Ross, Kenneth A.
name: Janevski, Angel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Computer science

description: Faceted classification allows one to model applications with complex classification hierarchies using orthogonal dimensions. Recent work has examined the use of faceted classification for browsing and search. In this paper, we go further by developing a general query language, called the entity algebra, for hierarchically classified data. The entity algebra is compositional, with query inputs and outputs being sets of entities. Our language has linear data complexity in terms of space and quadratic data complexity in terms of time. We compare the entity algebra with the relational algebra in terms of expressiveness. We also describe an implementation of the language in the context of two application domains, one for an archeological database, and another for a human anatomy database.
ICE 2.0: Restructuring and Growing an Instructional HPC Cluster
Creators: name: Coulter, J. Eric
name: Weiner, Michael D.
name: Jezghani, Aaron
name: Guidry, Matthew
name: Lara, Ruben
name: Liu, Fang
name: Metts, Alan
name: Rahaman, Ronald
name: Suda, Kenneth
name: Wan, Peter
name: Wilcox, Gregory
name: Womack, Deirdre
name: Zhou, Dan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The Partnership for an Advanced Computing Environment (PACE) at Georgia Tech (GT) has been running two campus- wide cluster resources available for academic courses and workshops for five years. The initial design focused on creating a federated resource for a wide range of educational topics, based on a PACE and College of Computing (COC) partnership. Due to funding, this took the form of separate resources, one funded by PACE, and another by COC. These "Instructional Cluster Environments", PACE-ICE and COC-ICE, became very popular with instructors at GT but led to a high maintenance cost due to the split nature of the environments. With the transition to the Slurm scheduler, PACE collaborated with COC to merge the two clusters into one, ICE. This work details the strategies used to sensibly merge the two production systems, including the storage architecture, shared system policies, and scheduler priority configurations that honor funding complexities.
Boil, boil, toil and trouble : the trouble with boil water advisories in British Columbia
Creators: name: Grover, Renuka
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Boil water advisories (BWAs) are public notifications of drinking water quality and are used as temporary, precautionary measures to protect the public from possible waterborne illnesses. British Columbia (BC) has among the highest numbers of BWAs and many have been in place for months to years, leading to the concern over their use as a ‘band-aid’ to water treatment and a substitute to action needed for its removal. With lengthier or on-again-off-again BWAs, there is concern that the public will become complacent and not comply with the BWA. Research on BWA is scarce and not much evidence is available to support practical decision making by the two groups of key players responsible for the management of BWAs – health authority officials and water suppliers. Short-term and long-term BWAs from four of BC’s five health authorities were randomly selected for investigation. Interviews of health authority officials and water suppliers were conducted to determine the decision-making process by which BWAs are issued; how BWAs are communicated to the public; and what consequential corrective action is taken after issuing, to progress towards the notification’s removal. A total of 31 BWAs were investigated. The decision-making processes varied considerably from case to case; different factors were considered depending on who was involved and the water system in question. The history of the water system, lack of water treatment, positive bacteriological water sample results and the type of water source were common criteria considered in the decision process. The majority of BWAs were communicated via personal interactions with the members of the public and public postings. Challenges with risk communication, message fatigue and public compliance were identified. Obstacles to the removal of longstanding BWAs included the lack of funding for infrastructure improvements or construction and technical challenges with the geographical remoteness of some small water systems. Solutions that look to improving the overall management of small water systems in BC and that provide necessary guidance to decision-makers, before, during and after the issuing of BWAs, are needed for alleviating some of the challenges faced with BWAs.
Conformal Courant Algebroids and Orientifold T-duality
Creators: name: Baraglia, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53D18, 53C08, 81T30, 19L50

description: We introduce conformal Courant algebroids, a mild generalization of Courant algebroids in which only a conformal structure rather than a bilinear form is assumed. We introduce exact conformal Courant algebroids and show they are classified by pairs $(L,H)$ with $L$ a flat line bundle and $H \in H^3(M,L)$ a degree 3 class with coefficients in $L$. As a special case gerbes for the crossed module $({\rm U}(1) \to \mathbb{Z}_2)$ can be used to twist $TM \oplus T^*M$ into a conformal Courant algebroid. In the exact case there is a twisted cohomology which is 4-periodic if $L^2 = 1$. The structure of Conformal Courant algebroids on circle bundles leads us to construct a T-duality for orientifolds with free involution. This incarnation of T-duality yields an isomorphism of 4-periodic twisted cohomology. We conjecture that the isomorphism extends to an isomorphism in twisted $KR$-theory and give some calculations to support this claim.
description: 33 pages
In-Situ Modal Response Characterization of Pipe-Structures Through Reynolds Number Variation
Creators: name: Chen, Haobin
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: In-situ
subject: Modal response characterization
subject: Pipe-structure
subject: Reynolds number
subject: Engineering--Mechanical

description: In this investigation, an in-situ method of system excitation is explored experimentally. The modal characteristics of externally-supported pipe structures are investigated by varying the flow Reynolds number (Red) with hydrodynamic pressure fluctuations due to fully developed turbulent pipe-flow providing a varying excitation source on the internal pipe wall. During experiments, time series records of single-point fluctuating wall pressure and multi-point wall vibrations are collected. Power spectral density functions of both wall pressure fluctuation and wall vibration are computed at each discrete Reynolds number. Visualization of the computed power spectral density functions with flow Reynolds number are then used for system characterization. A comparative analysis of the data sets collected for both acrylic and ABS pipe show that the pressure spectra are similar, while the vibration spectra change significantly. Pressure spectra reveal a character whereby the magnitude of the spectra increase with increasing Reynolds number. A comparison of in-situ results to those obtained using traditional impact response tests show that the vibration spectra collected through Reynolds number variation successfully capture the modal characteristics of the pipe-structure. Both acoustic analysis to determine the vibration source and preliminary health diagnostics investigations for both loss-of-fluid and loss-of-material events are performed.
FiST: A Language for Stackable File Systems
Creators: name: Zadok, Erez
name: Nieh, Jason
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Computer science

description: Stackable file systems promise to ease the development of file systems. Operating system vendors, however,resist making extensive changes to support stacking, because of the impact on performance and stability. Existing file system interfaces differ from system to system and they support extensibility poorly. Consequently, extending file system functionality across platforms is difficult. We propose a new language, FiST, to describe stackable file systems. FiST uses operations common to file system interfaces. From a single description, FiST's compiler produces file system modules for multiple platforms. The generated code handles many kernel details, freeing developers to concentrate on the main issues of their file systems. This paper describes the design, implementation, and evaluation of FiST. We extended file system functionality in a portable way without changing existing kernels. We built several file systems using FiST on Solaris, FreeBSD, and Linux. Our experiences with these examples shows the following benefits of FiST: average code size over other stackable file systems is reduced ten times; average development time is reduced seven times;performance overhead of stacking is 1-2\%.
An Automated Performance Analysis of a Two Phase Locking Protocol
Creators: name: Nounou, Nihal
name: Yemini, Yechiam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1985
Subjects: Computer science

description: ANALYST, an interactive protocol performance analyzer, is used to analyze the performance of a two phase locking protocol. ANALYST implements a specification-based methodology for performance analysis of protocols which extracts from an algebraic specification of a protocol a model of its timing behavior. Any timing requirement or performance measure that can be formally specified in terms of attributes of this timing behavior can be thus analyzed. An algebraic specification of a two phase locking protocol that uses time-out for deadlock detection is provided. Two timing requirements necessary for its efficient performance are specified and analyzed yielding optimal settings of protocol parameters (such as timeout rate). Additionally, the mean response time and probability of deadlock of the protocol are specified and analyzed. This, to the best knowledge of the authors, is the first automated, analytic performance analysis of such a high-level protocol.
title: Bio-inspired Bacteria-based Concrete for Durability Increase of Structures
Creators: name: Van Der Bergh, JM
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2025

description: This doctoral dissertation explores an alternative approach to the crack repair in concrete structures, specifically focusing on the application of bacteria-based self-healing techniques. Concrete, a prevalent construction material, exhibits robust compressive strength but is susceptible to tension-induced cracking, jeopardising structural longevity. Traditional repair methods for such cracks are often expensive and time-consuming. In contrast, this study delves into the feasibility of an innovative method wherein bioagents, comprising bacteria and a calcium nutrient source, are introduced post-construction to address existing cracks. The research methodology involved comprehensive experiments on samples of varying scales, encompassing macro and micro dimensions. Different bioagents, developed and synthesised for this purpose, were applied using diverse techniques under varying incubation conditions to simulate real-world scenarios. The central objective of the investigation was to elucidate the potential of this external repair approach, identifying knowledge gaps and avenues for enhancing crack repair techniques. The outcomes of the study revealed a distinct process of precipitate formation within treated cracks. This mechanism involved the initial development of needle-like and cubic crystals on the crack walls, presumed to be hydration products of the substrate material. Subsequently, bacterial metabolic by-products contributed to filling the crack voids, binding the needle-like crystals on both sides. The effectiveness of the bioash on precipitate formation rate varied across bacterial strains. An optimisation study highlighted the yeast extract broth-based repair agent, applied through the "dropping" technique, as the most efficacious in reducing transitional and gel pores - known contributors to concrete shrinkage. The materials developed in this research, derived from biobased sources, are anticipated to play a pivotal role in evolving strategies for crack repair in concrete structures. However, their integration into conventional construction practices necessitates standardisation through rigorous characterisation. Future research endeavours should focus on a deeper understanding of the viability of bacteria used for MICP, correlating specific biobased agents, application techniques, and incubation conditions with resultant mineral formations. This will contribute to advancing the practical application of these alternative materials in the construction industry.
Proton opacity in the light of LHC diffractive data
Creators: name: Ryskin, M. G.
name: Martin, A. D.
name: Khoze, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that collider data on elastic pp (and p\bar{p}) scattering, including the LHC TOTEM data at 7 TeV, can be well described by a 3-channel eikonal model with only one Pomeron, with parameters that are naturally linked to the perturbative QCD (BFKL) framework. The proton opacity, determined in this way, is then used to account for sizeable absorptive effects. We study the recent measurements of dσ/dΔηmade by the ATLAS collaboration, where they select events with large rapidity gaps Δη. We demonstrate that the absorptive corrections noticeably change both the value and the Δηdependence of the cross section. We find that our parameter-free calculation is in agreement with these ATLAS data.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures. Version to be published in EPJC
Colorado water, January/February 2013
Creators: name: Middleton, Lindsey A.
name: Colorado Water Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the state's research universities.
description: Newsletter of the Water Center of Colorado State University. Theme: Water education.
Improving the Coherence of Multi-document Summaries: A Corpus Study for Modeling the Syntactic Realization of Entities
Creators: name: Nenkova, Ani
name: McKeown, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Computer science

description: References included in multi-document summaries are often problematic. In this paper, we present a corpus study performed to derive statistical models for the syntactic realization of referential expressions. Our work shows how the syntactic realization of entities can influence the coherence of the text and provides a model for rewriting references in multi-document summaries to smooth disfluencies. It shows how the syntactic realization of entities can influence the coherence of the text and how rewrite change s can smooth the disfluencies. A large corpus study is conducted in order to derive initial models for syntactic realization.
DURABLE RADIATIVE COOLING PAINTS FOR REDUCED GLOBAL GREENHOUSE EFFECT
Creators: name: Barber, Emily
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Experimental methods in fluid flow, heat and mass transfer
Building science, technologies and systems
Atmospheric radiation
Inorganic materials (incl. nanomaterials)
Climate change science not elsewhere classified

description: Recent developments in radiative cooling paints have shown significant promise towards commercialization of the technology. Therefore, questions have been asked as to how the durability of these paints could be evaluated and improved, as well as how these paints could impact energy use and global climate change. In this work, a paint formulation was developed using nanoplatelet hBN pigments with an MP-101 binder from SDC Technologies, Inc. This formulation shows similar reflective properties to that of an hBN acrylic formulation (97.5% and 97.9% reflectance, respectively) while boosting a water droplet contact angle of as much as 120°, proving hydrophobicity and therefore self-cleaning properties. Additionally, a comprehensive study was conducted to understand the potential impact of the radiative cooling paints on the changing global climate. Three potential impacts of the paint were discussed, including capture and utilization of CO2 into the CaCO3 paint, the reduction of HVAC usage on buildings painted with the RC paints, and net cooling of the earth due to the solar reflection and thermal emission of the paint into deep space. It was discovered that all three parts had a positive impact on the global climate, regardless of which US climate zone the representative building was in. Additionally, it was found that the paints could reduce as much as an equivalent 539 lbs CO2eq from the atmosphere for each m2 of the paint applied.
Relativistic total cross section and angular distribution for Rayleigh scattering by atomic hydrogen
Creators: name: Safari, L.
name: Amaro, P.
name: Fritzche, S.
name: Santos, J. P.
name: Fratini, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the total cross section and angular distribution in Rayleigh scattering by hydrogen atom in the ground state, within the framework of Dirac relativistic equation and second-order perturbation theory. The relativistic states used for the calculations are obtained by making use of the finite basis set method and expressed in terms of B-splines and B-polynomials. We pay particular attention to the effects that arise from higher (non-dipole) terms in the expansion of the electron-photon interaction. It is shown that the angular distribution of scattered photons, while it is symmetric with respect to the scattering angle $θ$=90$^\circ$ within the electric dipole approximation, becomes asymmetric when higher multipoles are taken into account. The analytical expression of the angular distribution is parametrized in terms of Legendre polynomials. Detailed calculations are performed for photons in the energy range 0.5 to 10 keV. When possible, results are compared with previous calculations.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells as molecular heat engines: A simple model for the performance analysis
Creators: name: Einax, Mario
name: Dierl, Marcel
name: Nitzan, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Organic heterojunction solar cells are analyzed within a minimal model that includes the essential physical features of such systems. The dynamical properties of this model, calculated using a master equation approach, account for the qualitative behavior of such systems. The model yields explicit results for current-voltage behavior as well as performance characteristics expressed in terms of the thermodynamic efficiency as well as the power conversion efficiency at maximum power, making it possible to evaluate the optimal setup for this device model.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Host-based Anomaly Detection Using Wrapping File Systems
Creators: name: Hershkop, Shlomo
name: Bui, Linh H.
name: Ferst, Ryan
name: Stolfo, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: We describe an anomaly detector, called FWRAP, for a Host-based Intrusion Detection System that monitors file system calls to detect anomalous accesses. The system is intended to be used not as a standalone detector but one of a correlated set of host-based sensors. The detector has two parts, a sensor that audits file systems accesses, and an unsupervised machine learning system that computes normal models of those accesses.We report on the architecture of the file system sensor implemented on Linux using the FiST file wrapper technology and results of the anomaly detector applied to experimental data acquired from this sensor. FWRAP employs the Probabilistic Anomaly Detection (PAD) algorithm previously reported in our work on Windows Registry Anomaly Detection. The detector is first trained by operating the host computer for some amount of time and a model specific to the target machine is automatically computed by PAD, intended to be deployed to a real-time detector. In this paper we describe the feature set used to model file system accesses, and the performance results of a set of experiments using the sensor while attacking a Linux host with a variety of malware exploits. The PAD detector achieved impressive detection rates in some cases over 95\% and about a 2\% false positive rate when alarming on anomalous processes.
Catalytic Aromatization of Paraffin-Rich Oil under Methane Environment
Creators: name: Jarvis, Jack
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Methane
subject: Catalysis
subject: Paraffin
subject: Aromatization
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Environmental

description: Naphtha fractions obtained from petroleum refinement contain an abundant mixture of hydrocarbons including paraffins, naphthenes, aromatics, and even olefins. n-paraffins are the largest constituents of such oils and are the most undesirable because of their poor octane values and low economic value as chemical feeds. Thus, scientific research aims to convert these components into more valuable components with higher octane numbers for fuels and/or high value chemical precursors used for chemical synthesis. Current naphtha reforming processes require an element of hydrocracking to reduce the number of larger carbon number components but hydrogen is expensive to obtain through the current process of steam reforming natural gas and so an alternative source of hydrogen is also desirable. One such source of hydrogen is methane, a naturally, occurring, and cheap alternative. However, the activation of methane, the most stable of the hydrocarbons, is difficult to achieve. This research aims at the conversion of naphtha feeds (rich in n-paraffins) to more valuable benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX) whilst using methane as a hydrogen source through heterogenous catalysis. Catalysts are screened to gauge those with the highest performance and then the effect of methane is also probed. This approach was conducted for two different fractions of naphtha as provided by the petrochemical industry with very different components. A model compound study was also conducted to enable a more comprehensive understanding of the processes involved during upgrading.
Bases of schurian antisymmetric coherent configurations and isomorphism test for schurian tournaments
Creators: name: Ponomarenko, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E30, 05E18

description: It is known that for any permutation group $G$ of odd order one can find a subset of the permuted set whose stabilizer in $G$ is trivial, and if $G$ is primitive, then also a base of size at most 3. Both of these results are generalized to the coherent configuration of $G$ (that is in this case a schurian antisymmetric coherent configuration). This enables us to construct a polynomial-time algorithm for recognizing and isomorphism testing of schurian tournaments (i.e. arc colored tournaments the coherent configurations of which are schurian).
description: 30 pages
On the degradation of porous stainless steel in low and intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell support materials
Creators: name: Rose, Lars
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Research on oxidation kinetics of stainless steel traditionally focuses on flat sheet material. Little is known about the oxidation of steel within porous structures or particles of different sizes. In cases where oxidation of porous materials is reported, the data are seldom related to the actual surface area of the material. Instead, the mass change is often reported as a percentage mass gain only. In some literature references, the oxidation mass gain is assumed to increase with increasing porosity, often without information of the surface area of the pores. If an area-normalized oxidation mass gain is calculated, it is often normalized to the outside dimensions of the investigated specimens, making comparisons between different microstructures difficult. In this work, oxidation of spherical stainless steel powders with different powder particle sizes and of porous sintered stainless steel specimens is analyzed. Oxidation kinetics are correlated to the powder particle size and initial metal surface area of spherical stainless steel powders, addressing this knowledge gap. For oxidation kinetics of spherical steel powders, the dynamic change in metallic surface area over time is taken into account in the model developed in this work. Maximum oxidation mass gain of stainless steel powder based on composition and changes in phase structure, microstructure, and composition of oxides growing under the influence of prolonged exposure to solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) operating temperatures is analyzed. The oxidation mass gain of sintered porous stainless steel is influenced by microstructure. The oxidation mass gain correlated to the entire surface area of the 3-D structure of the sintered porous specimens indicates slightly lower oxidation rate kinetics per unit surface area at 1073 K than published kinetics of similar materials in dense form. Additionally, the chromium diffusion through four spinel coatings that have been proposed as protective coatings for stainless steels used in SOFCs is analyzed in this work. Al-Mg-type spinels have the lowest Cr-diffusion rate at the investigated conditions and among the investigated materials.
The Holographic Dual of 2+1 Dimensional QFTs with N=1 SUSY and Massive Fundamental Flavours
Creators: name: Macpherson, Niall T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Maldacena Nastase solution is generalised to include massive fundamental matter through the addition of a flavour profile. This gives a holographic dual to N=1 SYM-CS with massive fundamental matter with a singularity free IR. We study this solution in some detail confirming confinement and asymptotic freedom. A recently proposed solution generating technique is then applied which results in a new type-IIA supergravity solution. In a certain limit the geometry of this solution is asymptotically AdS_4X Y, where Y is the metric at the base of the Bryant-Salamon G_2 cone, which has topology S^3XS^3.
description: 31 pages plus appendices, 6 figures. v3: Typos corrected, version to appear in JHEP
Colorado water, June 2000
Creators: name: Hall, Emile
name: Shrier, Cat
name: Miller, Shirley
name: Colorado Water Resources Research Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The scope of the newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the research universities in the state.
description: Newsletter of the Water Center at Colorado State University.
Electrostatic effects and band-bending in doped topological insulators
Creators: name: Galanakis, Dimitrios
name: Stanescu, Tudor D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electrostatic effects in doped topological insulators by developing a self consistent scheme for an interacting tight binding model. The presence of bulk carriers, in addition to surface electrons, generates an intrinsic inhomogeneous charge density in the vicinity of the surface and, as a result, band bending effects are present. We find that electron doping and hole doping produce band bending effects of similar magnitude and opposite signs. The presence of additional surface dopants breaks this approximate electron-hole symmetry and dramatically affects the magnitude of the band bending. Applying a gate potential can generate a depletion zone characterized by a vanishing carrier density. We find that the density profile in the transition zone between the depleted region and the bulk is independent of the applied potential. In thin films the electrostatic effects are strongly dependent on the carrier charge density. In addition, we find that substrate induced potentials can generate a Rashba type spin-orbit coupling in ultra thin topological insulator films. We calculate the profiles of bulk and surface states in topological insulator films and identify the conditions corresponding to both types of states being localized within the same region in space.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Covers of Attribute Grammars and Sub-Protocol .Attribute Evaluators
Creators: name: Farrow, Rodney
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1983
Subjects: Computer science

description: A terminology and notation, semantically-trivial covers, is introduced for describing a class of meaning-preserving transformations of attribute grammars. Two elements of this class, p-split and c-split, are studied in some detail and it is shown that for any non-circular attribute grammar G, p-split “¢ c-split(G) is a uniform attribute grammar. The class of uniform attribute grammars is of interest because particularly efficient attribute evaluators can be built for them: straight-line evaluators. Using these transformations to build a uniform grammar constructs a straight-line evaluator for the result as a side-effect. The class of uniform attribute grammars properly includes those attribute grammars that can be evaluated in left-to-right passes, alternating passes, sweeps, and also includes the class of ordered attribute grammars. The straight-line evaluator for p-split(G) can be translated into a evaluator for G, which is not a straight-line evaluator but is nearly as efficient. This protocol-evaluator is compared to the evaluator of Kennedy and Warren and Nielson's direct evaluator. It can be viewed as an optimized, pre-compiled version of the latter, and is in some ways better and some ways worse than the Kennedy-Warren evaluator. From the comparison of the relative strengths and weaknesses of the protocol-evaluator and the Kennedy-Warren evaluator a new evaluator is derived, the sub-protocol-evaluator, which is more efficient than either.
404 NOT FOUND
Creators: name: Sun, Xiaoyu
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fine Arts

description: 404 NOT FOUND addresses an arts-based studio practice exploring how data and technology quantify and surveil the self. Specifically, in this paper, I outline my creative research practice and my interest in using my own body as a subject to create artworks that explore the expansive reach, as well as the limitations, of surveillance. This thesis support paper follows a chronological trajectory that traces my art practice throughout the two years of my MFA programme. My creative research started from using animation entitled Black Quantified-self, as a vehicle to engage with the concept of the “quantified-self.” I created a series of hand-drawn animations to discuss the pros and cons of “quantified-self.” Then, I connected “quantified-self” with big data, and created an installation called Seeing Yourself through Technology with my photos and self-portraits. In addition, I expanded the topic into large notions of surveillance, and created two videos, The Blue Pill and We Are Walled.
Temperature-pressure scaling for air-fluidized grains on approaches to Point J
Creators: name: Daniels, L. J.
name: Haxton, T. K.
name: Xu, N.
name: Liu, A. J.
name: Durian, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present experiments on a monolayer of air-fluidized beads in which a jamming transition is approached by increasing pressure, increasing packing fraction, and decreasing kinetic energy. This is accomplished, along with a noninvasive measurement of pressure, by tilting the system and examining behavior vs depth. We construct an equation of state and analyze relaxation time vs effective temperature. By making time and effective temperature dimensionless using factors of pressure, bead size, and bead mass, we obtain a good collapse of the data but to a functional form that differs from that of thermal hard-sphere systems. The relaxation time appears to diverge only as the effective temperature to pressure ratio goes to zero.
Interspecies correlation for neutrally evolving traits
Creators: name: Sagitov, Serik
name: Bartoszek, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60J70, 60J85, 62P10, 92B99

description: A simple way to model phenotypic evolution is to assume that after splitting, the trait values of the sister species diverge as independent Brownian motions. Relying only on a prior distribution for the underlying species tree (conditioned on the number, n, of extant species) we study the random vector (X_1,...,X_n) of the observed trait values. In this paper we derive compact formulae for the variance of the sample mean and the mean of the sample variance for the vector (X_1,...,X_n). The key ingredient of these formulae is the correlation coefficient between two trait values randomly chosen from (X_1,...,X_n). This interspecies correlation coefficient takes into account not only variation due to the random sampling of two species out of n and the stochastic nature of Brownian motion but also the uncertainty in the phylogenetic tree. The latter is modeled by a (supercritical or critical) conditioned branching process. In the critical case we modify the Aldous-Popovic model by assuming a proper prior for the time of origin.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
IDEAs study recruitment flyers
Creators: name: Riordan, Fiona
name: Racine, Emmy
name: McGrath, Holly
name: McHugh, Sheena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: diabetes, PPI, general practice, recruitment, flyer

description: Flyer used to recruit patients and members of the public to take part in a consensus process to develop the IDEAs intervention and/or to be part of a Patient and Public Involvement panel for the study.
Average Case Optimal Algorithms in Hilbert Spaces
Creators: name: Wozniakowski, Henryk
name: Wasilkowski, Grzegorz W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1982
Subjects: Computer science
Algorithms
Algebras, Linear
Hilbert space
Mathematical optimization--Computer programs

description: We study optimal algorithms and optimal information for an average case model. This is done for linear problems in a separable Hilbert space equipped with a probability measure. We show, in particular, that for any measure, an affine spline algorithm is optimal among affine algorithms. The affine spline algorithm is defined in terms of the correlation operator and the mean element of the measure. We provide a condition on the measure which guarantees that the affine spline algorithm is optimal among all algorithms. The problem of optimal information is also solved.
A "well-balanced" finite volume scheme for blood flow simulation
Creators: name: Delestre, Olivier
name: Lagrée, Pierre-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We are interested in simulating blood flow in arteries with a one dimensional model. Thanks to recent developments in the analysis of hyperbolic system of conservation laws (in the Saint-Venant/ shallow water equations context) we will perform a simple finite volume scheme. We focus on conservation properties of this scheme which were not previously considered. To emphasize the necessity of this scheme, we present how a too simple numerical scheme may induce spurious flows when the basic static shape of the radius changes. On contrary, the proposed scheme is "well-balanced": it preserves equilibria of Q = 0. Then examples of analytical or linearized solutions with and without viscous damping are presented to validate the calculations. The influence of abrupt change of basic radius is emphasized in the case of an aneurism.
description: 36 pages
The NON-VON Supercomputer
Creators: name: Shaw, David Elliot
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1982
Subjects: Computer science

description: NON-VON is a highly parallel, non-von Neumann supercomputer, portions of which are now being implemented in the Computer Science Department at Columbia University. The machine is intended to support the extremely rapid execution of large scale data manipulation tasks, including relational database operations and many other functions relevant to commercial data processing. The NON-VON architecture includes a tree-structured Primary Processing Subsystem (PPS), which we are implementing using custom nMOS VLSI circuits, along with a Secondary Processing Subsystem (SPS) based on a bank of intelligent disk drives. A high-bandwidth parallel interface provides for rapid data transfer between the two subsystems. This paper describes the organization of the NON-VON machine, with particular emphasis on the structure and function of the PPS. Some of the most important NON-VON programming techniques are then outlined, and their application to typical data processing applications illustrated with simple examples.
Bimodal cueing in aphasia : the influence of lipreading on speech discrimination and language comprehension
Creators: name: Dupuis, Karine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Previous research on the influence of lipreading on speech perception has failed to consistently show that individuals with aphasia benefit from the visual cues provided by lipreading. The present study was designed to replicate these findings, and to investigate the role of lipreading at the discourse level. Six participants with aphasia took part in this study. A syllable discrimination task using the syllables /pem, tem, kem, bem, dem, gem/, and a discourse task consisting of forty short fictional passages, were administered to the participants. The stimuli were presented in two modality conditions, audio-only and audio-visual. The discourse task employed two grammatical complexity levels to examine the influence of lipreading on the comprehension of simple and moderately-complex passages. Response accuracy was used as the dependent measure on the discrimination task. Two measures were used in the discourse task, on-line reaction time from an auditory moving window procedure, and off-line comprehension question accuracy. A test of working memory was also administered. Both inferential statistics and descriptive analyses were conducted to evaluate the data. The results of the discrimination task failed to consistently show that the participants benefited from the visual cues. On the discourse task, faster reaction times were observed in the audio-visual condition, particularly for the complex passages. The comprehension question accuracy data revealed that the two participants with the most severe language comprehension deficits appeared to benefit from lipreading. These findings suggest that the benefits of lipreading primarily relate to processing time, and that these benefits are greater with increased stimulus complexity and context. In addition, a strong positive correlation between working memory and comprehension question accuracy was found, supporting the claim that working memory may be a constraint in language comprehension. No correlation was found between participants’ accuracy scores on the discourse and discrimination tasks, replicating previous research findings. The results from this study provide preliminary support for the clinical use of lipreading and working memory capacity for the treatment of language comprehension difficulties in individuals with aphasia.
Temporal expression pattern of cytokines and other markers of brain injury in term infants with hypoxic ischemic injury
Creators: name: Goswami, Ipsita Roy
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
subject: Perinatal Asphyxia
subject: Neuroinflammation
subject: Cytokines
subject: Neurodevelopmental Outcome
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biophysics--Medical
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) is the most common cause of perinatal brain injury. Treatment is available, therapeutic hypothermia (TH), but reliable tools are needed to determine early after birth who will benefit most. Cytokines, as indicators of brain injury, are potential biomarkers and are best studied by understanding network changes. This study sought to identify the cytokine molecular signatures associated with abnormal MRI or death in neonates with HIE. Multiplex immunoassay was used to quantify cytokine levels at multiple timepoints from birth to 96 hours of life. Machine learning algorithms were used for pattern identification to gain mechanistic insights. Cord blood levels of IL-6, IFNγ, IL-1ra, G-CSF, FGF-b and MCP-1 were significantly elevated in neonates with HIE compared to controls. Neonates with abnormal MRI or death had elevated cord blood IL-10 and MCP1 levels, high serum IL1ra and G-CSF levels at 24 hours, and low PDGF and IP10 levels at all time points. Further, in neonates with adverse outcomes IL-10, G-CSF, MCP1, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-1ra levels were elevated, while IL-4, PDGF, MIP1a, IL-15, IP10, and IFN-γ were lower at all time points. Conversely, the combinations of TNF-α levels < 74.4 pg/ml with IL8 levels > 0.85 pg/ml and IFN-γ levels > 0.04 pg/ml in cord blood predicted normal MRI (sensitivity 100%, specificity 37.5%). Similarly, IL-10 levels > 36.7 pg/ml or a combination of IL-6 levels < 8.46 pg/ml and IL-8 levels > 59.5 pg/ml at 24 hours were predictive of unfavorable outcome (sensitivity 95.2%, specificity of 62.5%). Regardless of the encephalopathy grading, TH shifted the cytokine balance towards neurotrophic factors (G-CSF) and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10) around 24 hours of life followed by a reversal towards Th1 cytokines (IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ) after termination of TH. This general analysis of the peripheral cytokines in HIE delineates the principal drivers of the cytokine network that may serve as biomarkers. Upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines accompanied by active modulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines could account for the variations in patient-specific innate compensatory response that ultimately characterizes the short-term clinical outcome.
Meat puppet: audience responsibility in contemporary media
Creators: name: Oleson-Cormack, Leif
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: Bibliography: p. 52-55
description: The following manuscript and the accompanying artist's statement examine the process of playwriting in creating and developing the full-length play, Meat Puppet. Loosely based on a real event, Meat Puppet examines the growing preference toward sensationalism in contemporary news media and the responsibility audience has in creating these trends.