cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spectral dimension with deformed spacetime signature
Creators: name: Mielczarek, Jakub
name: Trześniewski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of the effective regime of loop quantum gravity (LQG) revealed that, in the limit of Planckian curvature scales, spacetime may undergo a transition from the Lorentzian to Euclidean signature. This effect is a consequence of quantum modifications of the hypersurface deformation algebra, which in the linearized case is equivalent to a deformed version of the Poincaré algebra. In this paper the latter relation is applied to the LQG-inspired hypersurface deformation algebra that is characterized by the above mentioned signature change. While the exact form of the deformed Poincaré algebra is not uniquely determined, the algebra under consideration is representative enough to capture a number of qualitative features. In particular, the analysis reveals that the signature change can be associated with two symmetric invariant energy scales, which separate three physically disconnected momentum subspaces. Furthermore, the invariant measure on momentum space is derived, which allows to properly define the average return probability, characterizing a fictitious diffusion process on spacetime. The diffusion is subsequently studied in the momentum representation for all possible variants of the model. Finally, the spectral dimension of spacetime is calculated in each case as a function of the scale parameter. In the most interesting case the deformation is of the asymptotically ultralocal type and the spectral dimension undergoes a reduction to $d_S = 1$ in the UV limit.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, v2 some extra results, comments and references added
Einstein static universe, GUP, and natural IR and UV cut-offs
Creators: name: Darabi, F.
name: Atazadeh, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Einstein static universe in the framework of Generalized Uncertainty Principle constructed by the Snyder non-commutative space. It is shown that the deformation parameter can induce an effective energy density subject to GUP which obeys the holographic principle (HP) and plays the role of a cosmological constant. Using the holographic feature of this effective energy density, we introduce natural IR and UV cut-offs which depend on the GUP based effective equation of state. Moreover, we propose a solution to the cosmological constant problem. This solution is based on the result that the Einstein equations just couple to the tiny holographic based surface energy density (cosmological constant) induced by the deformation parameter, rather than the large quantum gravitational based volume energy density (vacuum energy) having contributions of order $M_P^4$.
description: 10 pages, Minor revision, Title change; To be published in "Int. J. Geom. Methods Mod. Phys"
Matrix product ensembles of Hermite-type and the hyperbolic Harish-Chandra-Itzykson-Zuber integral
Creators: name: Forrester, P. J.
name: Ipsen, J. R.
name: Liu, Dang-Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate spectral properties of a Hermitised random matrix product which, contrary to previous product ensembles, allows for eigenvalues on the full real line. We prove that the eigenvalues form a bi-orthogonal ensemble, which reduces asymptotically to the Hermite Muttalib-Borodin ensemble. Explicit expressions for the bi-orthogonal functions as well as the correlation kernel are provided. Scaling the latter near the origin gives a limiting kernel involving Meijer G-functions, and the functional form of the global density is calculated. As a part of this study, we introduce a new matrix transformation which maps the space of polynomial ensembles onto itself. This matrix transformation is closely related to the so-called hyperbolic Harish-Chandra-Itzykson-Zuber integral.
description: 33 pages. To appear in Ann. Henri Poincare
Examining “La Ayuda”: Law Enforcement and Latinos on Long Island during COVID-19
Creators: name: Tejada-Peña, Karen
name: Navas, Natalia
Publisher: name: International Journal of Conflict and Violence (IJCV)
Year: 2023

description: As part of their response to the COVID-19 pandemic, law enforcement agencies in Long Island’s Suffolk and Nassau Counties reached out to Latino immigrant communities with a message to “educate over enforce.” Yet, this messaging did not echo enough in the lives of immigrant communities who were the most vulnerable and hardest hit populations in the area. Based on fieldnotes from sixteen virtual meetings spanning five months (March–July), which are part of a larger qualitative project, we argue that communication gaps persisted and continued to plague community/police relations in several ways. First, the messaging around education was a one-way street with very little input from community members. Second, “light” enforcement still took place with the issuing of summons on social distancing and requiring mask wearing. Third, the closing down of precincts meant that there was no way to access police services, especially in Spanish, the community’s language. Finally, law enforcement’s response to the community’s needs was “virtually” absent. We conclude this examination with lessons learned so police departments can better serve and protect the immigrant community.
description: International Journal of Conflict and Violence (IJCV), Bd. 17 (2023)
Lernprozessbegleitende Diagnostik und Fachdidaktik
Creators: name: Löser, Jessica
name: Demmer, Christine
name: Goltz, Jonas
name: Heinrich, Martin
name: Kleinert, Svea Isabel
name: Koisser, Sebastian
name: Schilling, Navina
name: Streblow, Lilian
name: Wilde, Matthias
name: Werning, Rolf
Publisher: name: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung. (PFLB)
Year: 2023

description: In inklusiven Settings sind Differenzierungen der Lerninhalte für ein adaptives Unterrichten unabdingbar. Diagnostische Erkenntnisse für die Planung, Durchführung und Reflexion von Unterricht sind von herausgehobener Bedeutung. In dem hier vorgestellten Verbundprojekt „DiLernProfis“ sollen die Praxen und Gelingensbedingungen der Verknüpfung von Diagnostik und adaptivem Unterricht analysiert werden. Dies erfolgt entlang der Konzeption und des Einsatzes von binnendifferenziert gestuften Lernhilfen, die in Form einer App für den naturwissenschaftlichen Unterricht erprobt werden. Dies erfolgt im Rahmen einer Fortbildung, die auf Lehrkräfteprofessionalisierung im Spannungsfeld von Diagnostik und Förderung zielt und in der die beteiligten Lehrpersonen als Community of Practice (CoP) organisiert sind. Die wissenschaftliche Begleitung des Projekts umfasst qualitative und quantitative Erhebungen. Die Befunde münden in einem zertifizierten Konzept zur Lehrpersonen-Professionalisierung. Dies umfasst lerndiagnostisch-adaptiven Unterricht in der Aus- und Weiterbildung zum Fachunterricht der Sekundarstufe. Der fachdidaktisch fundierte Praxistransfer wird über eine interdisziplinäre Community of Research (CoR) von universitären Fachdidaktiken des Forschungs- und Entwicklungszentrums (FuE-Zentrums) für inklusionssensible Lehrer*innenbildung sowie Lehrpersonenforscher*innen der Versuchsschulen „Oberstufen-Kolleg“ und „Laborschule“ gewährleistet.
description: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung. (PFLB), Bd. 5 Nr. 1 (2023): PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung – Ausgabe 5
Study on Teaching Competence In Relation To Emotional Intelligence And Self-Acceptance of Perspective Teachers
Creators: name: Dhal, Pravat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Educational psychology

description: This paper reveals that Teacher self-efficacy is related to teachers or perspective teachers feeling competent in their profession. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the perspective teachers’ self-efficacy perceptions and their emotional intelligence and self-esteem. The study group of the current research comprised a total of 212 perspective teachers of whom 141 are females (66.5%) and 71 are males (33.5%) and whose ages range from 20 to 35. The study conducted with fourth year’s students in Patna University and from Early Childhood Education, Elementary Teacher Education, Social Studies Teacher Education, and Mathematics Teaching Program. The data of the current study were collected by using Teacher Self-efficacy Belief Scale, The Emotional Intelligence Scale-Short Form and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. In the analysis of the collected data, Pearson Product-moment Correlation Coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis were used. When the research results were examined, it was found that while some sub-dimensions of emotional intelligence (well-being, sociality and self-esteem) positively and significantly predict the perspective teachers’ self-efficacy level, some other dimensions (self?control and emotionality) do not significantly predict the self-efficacy level
Polarization exchange of optical eigenmode pair in twisted-nematic Fabry-Pérot resonator
Creators: name: Gunyakov, Vladimir A.
name: Timofeev, Ivan V.
name: Krakhalev, Mikhail N.
name: Zyryanov, Victor Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarization exchange effect in a twisted-nematic Fabry-Pérot resonator is experimentally confirmed in the regimes of both uniform and electric-field-deformed twisted structures. The polarization of output light in the transmission peaks is shown to be linear rather than elliptical. The polarization deflection from the nematic director grows from $0^\circ$ to $90^\circ$ angle and exchanges the longitudinal and transverse directions. Untwisting of a nematic by a voltage leads to the rotation of the polarization plane of light passing through the resonator. The polarization exchange effect allows using the investigated resonator as a spectral-selective linear polarizer with the voltage-controlled rotation of the polarization plane.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
A Nonlocal Approach to the Cosmological Constant Problem
Creators: name: Carroll, Sean M.
name: Remmen, Grant N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a model in which the cosmological constant is canceled from the gravitational equations of motion. Our model relies on two key ingredients: a nonlocal constraint on the action, which forces the spacetime average of the Lagrangian density to vanish, and a dynamical way for this condition to be satisfied classically with arbitrary matter content. We implement the former condition with a spatially-constant Lagrange multiplier associated with the volume form and the latter by including a free four-form gauge field strength in the action. These two features are enough to remove the cosmological constant from the Einstein equation. The model is consistent with all cosmological and experimental bounds on modification of gravity and allows for both cosmic inflation and the present epoch of acceleration.
description: 19 pages
Ab Initio Velocity-Field Curves in Monoclinic \(β\)-Ga\textsubscript{2}O\textsubscript{3}}
Creators: name: Ghosh, Krishnendu
name: Singisetti, Uttam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the high-field transport in monoclinic \(β\)-Ga\textsubscript{2}O\textsubscript{3}} using a combination of ab initio calculations and full band Monte Carlo (FBMC) simulation. Scattering rate calculation and the final state selection in the FBMC simulation use complete wave-vector (both electron and phonon) and crystal direction dependent electron phonon interaction (EPI) elements. We propose and implement a semi-coarse version of the Wannier-Fourier interpolation method [F. Giustino, M. L. Cohen, and S. G. Louie, Physical Review B, vol. 76, no. 16, 2007] for short-range non-polar optical phonon (EPI) elements in order to ease the computational requirement in FBMC simulation. During the interpolation of the EPI, the inverse Fourier sum over the real-space electronic grids is done on a coarse mesh while the unitary rotations are done on a fine mesh. This paper reports the high field transport in monoclinic \(β\)-Ga\textsubscript{2}O\textsubscript{3}} with deep insight on the contribution of electron-phonon interactions, and velocity-field characteristics for electric fields ranging up to 450 kV/cm in different crystal directions. A peak velocity of $2\times10^{7}& cm/s is estimated at an electric field of 200 kV/cm.
Fingering instabilities and pattern formation in a two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Xi, Kui-Tian
name: Byrnes, Tim
name: Saito, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study fingering instabilities and pattern formation at the interface of an oppositely polarized two-component Bose-Einstein condensate with strong dipole-dipole interactions in three dimensions. It is shown that the rotational symmetry is spontaneously broken by fingering instability when the dipole-dipole interactions are strengthened. Frog-shaped and mushroom-shaped patterns emerge during the dynamics due to the dipolar interactions. We also demonstrate the spontaneous density modulation and domain growth of a two-component dipolar BEC in the dynamics. Bogoliubov analyses in the two-dimensional approximation are performed, and the characteristic lengths of the domains are estimated analytically. Patterns resembling those in magnetic classical fluids are modulated when the number ratio of atoms, the trap ratio of the external potential, or tilted polarization with respect to the z direction is varied.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures and 4 movies
An Illumination- and Temperature-Dependent Analytical Model for Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide (CIGS) Solar Cells
Creators: name: Sun, Xingshu
name: Silverman, Timothy
name: Garris, Rebekah
name: Deline, Chris
name: Alam, Muhammad Ashraful
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a physics-based analytical model for CIGS solar cells that describes the illumination- and temperature-dependent current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and accounts for the statistical shunt variation of each cell. The model is derived by solving the drift-diffusion transport equation so that its parameters are physical, and, therefore, can be obtained from independent characterization experiments. The model is validated against CIGS I-V characteristics as a function of temperature and illumination intensity. This physics-based model can be integrated into a large-scale simulation framework to optimize the performance of solar modules as well as predict the long-term output yields of photovoltaic farms under different environmental conditions.
The production rate of the system-bath mutual information
Creators: name: Li, Sheng-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When an open system is contacted with several thermal baths, the entropy produced by the irreversible processes ($dS_{\mathrm{i}}=dS-\sum_α\textđQ_α/T_α$) keeps increasing, and this entropy production rate is always non-negative. But when the system is contacted with some non-thermal baths containing quantum coherence or squeezing, this entropy production formula does not apply. In this paper, we study the increasing rate of the mutual information between the open system and its environment. When the baths are canonical thermal ones, we prove that this mutual information production rate could exactly return to the previous entropy production rate. Further, we study an example of a single boson mode contacted with multiple squeezed thermal baths, where the conventional entropy production rate does not apply, and we find that this mutual information production rate still keeps non-negative, which means the monotonic increasing of the correlation between the system and its environment.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, comments are welcome
Self-similar solutions to coagulation equations with time-dependent tails: the case of homogeneity smaller than one
Creators: name: Bonacini, Marco
name: Niethammer, Barbara
name: Velázquez, Juan J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove the existence of a one-parameter family of self-similar solutions with time-dependent tails for Smoluchowski's coagulation equation, for a class of rate kernels $K(x,y)$ which are homogeneous of degree $γ\in(-\infty,1)$ and satisfy $K(x,1)\sim x^{-a}$ as $x\to 0$, for $a=1-γ$. In particular, for small values of a parameter $ρ>0$ we establish the existence of a positive self-similar solution with finite mass and asymptotics $A(t)x^{-(2+ρ)}$ as $x\to\infty$, with $A(t)\simρt^\fracρ{1-γ}$.
Anarchy and Neutrino Physics
Creators: name: Fortin, Jean-François
name: Giasson, Nicolas
name: Marleau, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutrino sector of a seesaw-extended Standard Model is investigated under the anarchy hypothesis. The previously derived probability density functions for neutrino masses and mixings, which characterize the type I-III seesaw ensemble of $N\times N$ complex random matrices, are used to extract information on the relevant physical parameters. For $N=2$ and $N=3$, the distributions of the light neutrino masses, as well as the mixing angles and phases, are obtained using numerical integration methods. A systematic comparison with the much simpler type II seesaw ensemble is also performed to point out the fundamental differences between the two ensembles. It is found that the type I-III seesaw ensemble is better suited to accommodate experimental data. Moreover, the results indicate a strong preference for the mass splitting associated to normal hierarchy. However, since all permutations of the singular values are found to be equally probable for a particular mass splitting, predictions regarding the hierarchy of the mass spectrum remains out of reach in the framework of anarchy.
description: 1+22 pages, 8 figures, typos fixed, added reference
The Ukrainian Grid Infrastructure contribution to EGI and Open Science
Creators: name: Ferrari, Tiziana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ukrainian Grid Infrastructure, EGI Federation, Open Science

description: The Ukrainian Grid Infrastructure has been contributing to the EGI Federation and Open Science through scientific computing. Open Science has been supported to advance knowledge in curiosity-driven science. In more recent times Open Science had the opportunity to demonstrate itself as a powerful tool to support scientists in jointly tackling global societal challenges. In 2022 the EGI Federation is opening its infrastructure to support scientists who no longer have access to local compute and storage infrastructure.
SCIENTIFIC OBSERVATORY MAGAZINE - issn 2965-0704
Creators: name: ACCREDITATION: INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION  08-675
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: artigos, revista, minhabolsa

description: Revista do Centro de Pesquisa Minha Bolsa com artigos dos seus alunos de Mestrado, Doutorado e Pós-Doutorado
Different models of gravitating Dirac fermions in optical lattices
Creators: name: Celi, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper I construct the naive lattice Dirac Hamiltonian describing the propagation of fermions in a generic 2D optical metric for different lattice and flux-lattice geometries. First, I apply a top-down constructive approach that we first proposed in [Boada {\it et al.,New J. Phys.} {\bf 13} 035002 (2011)] to the honeycomb and to the brickwall lattices. I carefully discuss how gauge transformations that generalize momentum (and Dirac cone) shifts in the Brillouin zone in the Minkowski homogeneous case can be used in order to change the phases of the hopping. In particular, I show that lattice Dirac Hamiltonian for Rindler spacetime in the honeycomb and brickwall lattices can be realized by considering real and isotropic (but properly position dependent) tunneling terms. For completeness, I also discuss a suitable formulation of Rindler Dirac Hamiltonian in semi-synthetic brickwall and $π$-flux square lattices (where one of the dimension is implemented by using internal spin states of atoms as we originally proposed in [Boada {\it et al.,Phys. Rev. Lett. } {\bf 108} 133001 (2012)] and [Celi {\it et al.,Phys. Rev. Lett. } {\bf 112} 043001 (2012)]).
description: 14 pages, Submitted to EPJ Special Topics for the special issue on "Quantum Gases and Quantum Coherence"; v2: minor changes, figures and references added, similar to the published version, 21 pages, 3 figures
Measurement and control of a Coulomb-blockaded parafermion box
Creators: name: Snizhko, Kyrylo
name: Egger, Reinhold
name: Gefen, Yuval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parafermionic zero modes are fractional topologically protected quasiparticles expected to arise in various platforms. We show that Coulomb charging effects define a parafermion box with unique access options via fractional edge states and/or quantum antidots. Basic protocols for the detection, manipulation, and control of parafermionic quantum states are formulated. With those tools, one may directly observe the dimension of the zero-mode Hilbert space, prove the degeneracy of this space, and perform on-demand digital operations satisfying a parafermionic algebra.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, supplemental material included as a PDF printout
The Power of Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Serone, Marco
name: Spada, Gabriele
name: Villadoro, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum mechanical systems with a discrete spectrum. We show that the asymptotic series associated to certain paths of steepest-descent (Lefschetz thimbles) are Borel resummable to the full result. Using a geometrical approach based on the Picard-Lefschetz theory we characterize the conditions under which perturbative expansions lead to exact results. Even when such conditions are not met, we explain how to define a different perturbative expansion that reproduces the full answer without the need of transseries, i.e. non-perturbative effects, such as real (or complex) instantons. Applications to several quantum mechanical systems are presented.
description: v1: 42 pages, 8 figures; v2: 43 pages, 9 figures, minor improvements and references added, matches JHEP published version; v3: minor corrections and references added
Field patterns without blow up
Creators: name: Mattei, Ornella
name: Milton, Graeme W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Field patterns, first proposed by the authors in [Milton, Mattei. Proc R Soc A. 2017], are orderly patterns of characteristic lines that arise in specific space-time microstructures whose geometry in one spatial dimension plus time is somehow commensurate to the slope of the characteristic lines. In particular, in [Milton, Mattei. Proc R Soc A. 2017] the authors propose two examples of space-time geometries in which field patterns occur: they are two-phase microstructures in which rectangular space-time inclusions of one material are embedded in another material. After a sufficient large period of time, the field patterns in both microstructures have local periodicity both in time and space, due to the PT-symmetry of the chosen space-time geometries. This allows one to focus only on solving the problem on a discrete network and to define a suitable transfer matrix that, given the solution at a certain time, provides the solution after one time period. Many of the eigenvalues of this transfer matrix have unit norm and hence the corresponding eigenvectors correspond to propagating modes. However, there are also modes that blow up exponentially with time coupled with modes that decrease exponentially with time. The question as to whether there are space-time microstructures such that the transfer matrix only has eigenvalues on the unit circle finds answer in this paper where we see that certain space-time checkerboards have the property that all the modes are propagating modes, within a certain range of the material parameters. Interestingly, when there is no blow-up, the waves generated by an instantaneous disturbance at a point look like shocks with a wake of oscillatory waves. This sets an arrow of time in the sense that it would be extremely difficult to produce the initial conditions necessary to create the corresponding time-reversed waves.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures
Spin Transport and Accumulation in 2D Weyl Fermion System
Creators: name: Ong, T. Tzen
name: Nagaosa, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the spin Hall effect and Rashba-Edelstein effect of a 2D Weyl fermion system in the clean limit using the Kubo formalism. Spin transport is solely due to the spin-torque current in this strongly spin-orbit coupled (SOC) system, and chiral spin-flip scattering off non-SOC scalar impurities, with potential strength $V$ and size $a$, gives rise to a skew-scattering mechanism for the spin Hall effect. The key result is that the resultant spin-Hall angle has a fixed sign, with $θ^{SH} \sim O \left(\tfrac{V^2}{v_F^2/a^2} (k_F a)^4 \right)$ being a strongly-dependent function of $k_F a$, with $k_F$ and $v_F$ being the Fermi wave-vector and Fermi velocity respectively. This, therefore, allows for the possibility of tuning the SHE by adjusting the Fermi energy or impurity size.
description: Revised version with inclusion of supplementary information
Detection prospects for the Cosmic Neutrino Background using laser interferometers
Creators: name: Domcke, Valerie
name: Spinrath, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmic neutrino background is a key prediction of Big Bang cosmology which has not been observed yet. The movement of the earth through this neutrino bath creates a force on a pendulum, as if it was exposed to a cosmic wind. We revise here estimates for the resulting pendulum acceleration and compare it to the theoretical sensitivity of an experimental setup where the pendulum position is measured using current laser interferometer technology as employed in gravitational wave detectors. We discuss how a significant improvement of this setup can be envisaged in a micro gravity environment. The proposed setup could simultaneously function as a dark matter detector in the sub-MeV range, which currently eludes direct detection constraints.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure; v2 contains extended discussions but conclusions remain unchanged, version published in JCAP
Nonlocality as a consequence of complementarity
Creators: name: Wang, Hai
name: Kumar, Asutosh
name: Wu, Junde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complementarity and nonlocality are two characteristic traits of quantum physics that distinguishes it from classical physics. In this paper, we prove that the complementarity between global and local observables in Bell's experiment sets the decisive foundation for the nonlocality of composite systems.
description: 8 pages, presentation revised, v2
Constructive tensor field theory: The $T^{4}_{4}$ model
Creators: name: Rivasseau, Vincent
name: Vignes-Tourneret, Fabien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue our constructive study of tensor field theory through the next natural model, namely the rank four tensor theory with quartic melonic interactions and propagator inverse of the Laplacian on $U(1)^4$. This superrenormalizable tensor field theory has a power counting quite similar to ordinary $ϕ^4_3$. We control the model via a multiscale loop vertex expansion which has to be pushed quite beyond the one of the $T^4_3$ model and we establish its Borel summability in the coupling constant. This paper is also a step to prepare the constructive treatment of just renormalizable models, such as the $T^4_5$ model with quartic melonic interactions.
description: 78 pages, 21 figures, 8 tables, minor modifications
Polariton pattern formation and photon statistics of the associated emission
Creators: name: Whittaker, C. E.
name: Dzurnak, B.
name: Egorov, O. A.
name: Buonaiuto, G.
name: Walker, P. M.
name: Cancellieri, E.
name: Whittaker, D. M.
name: Clarke, E.
name: Gavrilov, S. S.
name: Skolnick, M. S.
name: Krizhanovskii, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the formation of a diverse family of transverse spatial polygon patterns in a microcavity polariton fluid under coherent driving by a blue-detuned pump. Patterns emerge spontaneously as a result of energy-degenerate polariton-polariton scattering from the pump state to interfering high order vortex and antivortex modes, breaking azimuthal symmetry. The interplay between a multimode parametric instability and intrinsic optical bistability leads to a sharp spike in the value of second order coherence $g^{(2)}(0)$ of the emitted light, which we attribute to the strongly superlinear kinetics of the underlying scattering processes driving the formation of patterns. We show numerically by means of a linear stability analysis how the growth of parametric instabilities in our system can lead to spontaneous symmetry breaking, predicting the formation and competition of different pattern states in good agreement with experimental observations.
description: Main text: 12 pages, 8 figures Supplementary material: 2 pages, 3 figures
Statistical Physics of Balance Theory
Creators: name: Belaza, Andres M.
name: Hoefman, Kevin
name: Ryckebusch, Jan
name: Bramson, Aaron
name: Heuvel, Milan van den
name: Schoors, Koen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Triadic relationships are accepted to play a key role in the dynamics of social and political networks. Building on insights gleaned from balance theory in social network studies and from Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical physics, we propose a model to quantitatively capture the dynamics of the four types of triadic relationships in a network. Central to our model are the triads' incidence rates and the idea that those can be modeled by assigning a specific triadic energy to each type of triadic relation. We emphasize the role of the degeneracy of the different triads and how it impacts the degree of frustration in the political network. In order to account for a persistent form of disorder in the formation of the triadic relationships, we introduce the systemic variable temperature. In order to learn about the dynamics and motives, we propose a generic Hamiltonian with three terms to model the triadic energies. One term is connected with a three-body interaction that captures balance theory. The other terms take into account the impact of heterogeneity and of negative edges in the triads. The validity of our model is tested on four datasets including the time series of triadic relationships for the standings between two classes of alliances in a massively multiplayer online game (MMOG). We also analyze real-world data for the relationships between the "agents" involved in the Syrian civil war, and in the relations between countries during the Cold War era. We find emerging properties in the triadic relationships in a political network, for example reflecting itself in a persistent hierarchy between the four triadic energies, and in the consistency of the extracted parameters from comparing the model Hamiltonian to the data.
description: 18 pages - 10 figures
A Comparison of Maps and Power Spectra Determined from South Pole Telescope and Planck Data
Creators: name: Hou, Z.
name: Aylor, K.
name: Benson, B. A.
name: Bleem, L. E.
name: Carlstrom, J. E.
name: Chang, C. L.
name: Cho, H-M.
name: Chown, R.
name: Crawford, T. M.
name: Crites, A. T.
name: de Haan, T.
name: Dobbs, M. A.
name: Everett, W. B.
name: Follin, B.
name: George, E. M.
name: Halverson, N. W.
name: Harrington, N. L.
name: Holder, G. P.
name: Holzapfel, W. L.
name: Hrubes, J. D.
name: Keisler, R.
name: Knox, L.
name: Lee, A. T.
name: Leitch, E. M.
name: Luong-Van, D.
name: Marrone, D. P.
name: McMahon, J. J.
name: Meyer, S. S.
name: Millea, M.
name: Mocanu, L. M.
name: Mohr, J. J.
name: Natoli, T.
name: Omori, Y.
name: Padin, S.
name: Pryke, C.
name: Reichardt, C. L.
name: Ruhl, J. E.
name: Sayre, J. T.
name: Schaffer, K. K.
name: Shirokoff, E.
name: Staniszewski, Z.
name: Stark, A. A.
name: Story, K. T.
name: Vanderlinde, K.
name: Vieira, J. D.
name: Williamson, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the consistency of 150 GHz data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and 143 GHz data from the Planck satellite over the patch of sky covered by the SPT-SZ survey. We first visually compare the maps and find that the residuals appear consistent with noise after accounting for differences in angular resolution and filtering. We then calculate (1) the cross-spectrum between two independent halves of SPT data, (2) the cross-spectrum between two independent halves of Planck data, and (3) the cross-spectrum between SPT and Planck data. We find the three cross-spectra are well-fit (PTE = 0.30) by the null hypothesis in which both experiments have measured the same sky map up to a single free calibration parameter---i.e., we find no evidence for systematic errors in either data set. As a by-product, we improve the precision of the SPT calibration by nearly an order of magnitude, from 2.6% to 0.3% in power. Finally, we compare all three cross-spectra to the full-sky Planck power spectrum and find marginal evidence for differences between the power spectra from the SPT-SZ footprint and the full sky. We model these differences as a power law in spherical harmonic multipole number. The best-fit value of this tilt is consistent among the three cross-spectra in the SPT-SZ footprint, implying that the source of this tilt is a sample variance fluctuation in the SPT-SZ region relative to the full sky. The consistency of cosmological parameters derived from these datasets is discussed in a companion paper.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures. Published in The Astrophysical Journal. Current arxiv version matches published version
Is a top-heavy initial mass function needed to reproduce the submillimeter galaxy number counts?
Creators: name: Safarzadeh, Mohammadtaher
name: Lu, Yu
name: Hayward, Christopher C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matching the number counts and redshift distribution of submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) without invoking modifications to the initial mass function (IMF) has proved challenging for semi-analytic models (SAMs) of galaxy formation. We adopt a previously developed SAM that is constrained to match the z=0 galaxy stellar mass function and makes various predictions that agree well with observational constraints; we do not recalibrate the SAM for this work. We implement three prescriptions to predict the submillimeter flux densities of the model galaxies; two depend solely on star formation rate, whereas the other also depends on the dust mass. By comparing the predictions of the models, we find that taking into account the dust mass, which affects the dust temperature and thus influences the far-infrared spectral energy distribution, is crucial for matching the number counts and redshift distribution of SMGs. Moreover, despite using a standard IMF, our model can match the observed SMG number counts and redshift distribution reasonably well, which contradicts the conclusions of some previous studies that a top-heavy IMF, in addition to taking into account the effect of dust mass, is needed to match these observations. Although we have not identified the key ingredient that is responsible for our model matching the observed SMG number counts and redshift distribution without IMF variation- which is challenging given the different prescriptions for physical processes employed in the SAMs of interest-our results demonstrate that in SAMs, IMF variation is degenerate with other physical processes, such as stellar feedback.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Cavity-enhanced transport of charge
Creators: name: Hagenmüller, David
name: Schachenmayer, Johannes
name: Schütz, Stefan
name: Genes, Claudiu
name: Pupillo, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate charge transport through electronic bands of a mesoscopic one-dimensional system, where inter-band transitions are coupled to a confined cavity mode, initially prepared close to its vacuum. This coupling leads to light-matter hybridization where the dressed fermionic bands interact via absorption and emission of dressed cavity-photons. Using a self-consistent non-equilibrium Green's function method, we compute electronic transmissions and cavity photon spectra and demonstrate how light-matter coupling can lead to an enhancement of charge conductivity in the steady-state. We find that depending on cavity loss rate, electronic bandwidth, and coupling strength, the dynamics involves either an individual or a collective response of Bloch states, and explain how this affects the current enhancement. We show that the charge conductivity enhancement can reach orders of magnitudes under experimentally relevant conditions.
Einstein's quadrupole formula from the kinetic-conformal Horava theory
Creators: name: Bellorin, Jorge
name: Restuccia, Alvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the radiative and nonradiative linearized variables in a gravity theory within the familiy of the nonprojectable Horava theories, the Horava theory at the kinetic-conformal point. There is no extra mode in this formulation, the theory shares the same number of degrees of freedom with general relativity. The large-distance effective action, which is the one we consider, can be given in a generally-covariant form under asymptotically flat boundary conditions, the Einstein-aether theory under the condition of hypersurface orthogonality on the aether vector. In the linearized theory we find that only the transverse-traceless tensorial modes obey a sourced wave equation, as in general relativity. The rest of variables are nonradiative. The result is gauge-independent at the level of the linearized theory. For the case of a weak source, we find that the leading mode in the far zone is exactly Einstein's quadrupole formula of general relativity, if some coupling constants are properly identified. There are no monopoles nor dipoles in this formulation, in distinction to the nonprojectable Horava theory outside the kinetic-conformal point. We also discuss some constraints on the theory arising from the observational bounds on Lorentz-violating theories.
description: v2: 26 pages, one section added. Changes in presentation and more references added. Title changed
Stability aspects of relativistic thin magnetized disks
Creators: name: de Freitas, Vanessa P.
name: Saa, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We adapt the well known "displace, cut and reflect" method to construct exact solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations corresponding to infinitesimally thin disks of matter endowed with dipole magnetic fields, which are entirely supported by surface polar currents on the disk. Our starting point is the Gutsunaev-Manko axisymmetric solution describing massive magnetic dipoles in General Relativity, from which we obtain a continuous three-parameter family of asymptotically flat static magnetized disks with finite mass and energy. For strong magnetic fields, the disk surface density profile resembles some well known self-gravitating ring-like structures. We show that many of these solutions can be indeed stable and, hence, they could be in principle useful for the study of the abundant astrophysical situations involving disks of matter and magnetic fields.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures; Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Leading Order Anomalous Dimensions at the Wilson-Fisher Fixed Point from CFT
Creators: name: Roumpedakis, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider $ϕ^4$ theory in $4-ε$ dimensions at the Wilson-Fisher fixed point where the theory becomes conformal. We extend the method in arXiv:1505.00963 for calculating the leading order term in the anomalous dimensions of some operators with spin. This method involves mostly symmetry arguments and reduces the process for calculating anomalous dimensions to some Wick contractions in the corresponding free theory. We apply this method in the case of operators with two and three fields whose twist is equal to the number of fields they contain, and we rederive known results for their anomalous dimensions. We also calculate the leading term in the anomalous dimensions of operators with spin two and three. In addition, we find expressions for the primary operators of the free theory, for arbitrary spin and number of fields, whose twist remains equal to the number of fields.
description: 34 pages
A test of the maintenance of the effects of imagined contact framed with supportive social norms as a teacher-led field intervention
Creators: name: M Smith, Elaine
name: Minescu, Anca
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: As the arrival of refugees and asylum seekers continues to increase, schools continue to become a vital center for children to develop positive intergroup attitudes. Teacher-led activities can become useful tools in sustainable prejudice reduction. A field intervention incorporated normative in-group influence with imagined intergroup contact to reduce children’s anti-refugee bias. Ten primary school classes (N = 269, Mage = 10.69 years) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: (a) class norm-framed imagined contact (n = 88), (b) family norm-framed imagined contact (n = 49), (c) religious in-group norm-framed imagined contact (n = 51), or (d) standard (n = 80) imagined contact. Teachers facilitated a series of four imagined contact activities over 4 weeks, with anti-refugee bias measured at baseline and 2 weeks after the final activity. Imagined contact framed in the class context was associated with significantly lower post-intervention contact intentions bias as compared to standard imagined contact. There were no significant effects of family or religion norm framed imagined contact conditions. Findings are discussed in relation to the feasibility of teacher-led school-based interventions and the impor?tance of a supportive normative context in the classroom for anti-refugee bias.
Quantifying systematics from the shear inversion on weak-lensing peak counts
Creators: name: Lin, Chieh-An
name: Kilbinger, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak-lensing peak counts provide a straightforward way to constrain cosmology by linking local maxima of the lensing signal to the mass function. Recent applications to data have already been numerous and fruitful. However, the importance of understanding and dealing with systematics increases as data quality reaches an unprecedented level. One of the sources of systematics is the convergence-shear inversion. This effect, inevitable when carrying out a convergence field from observations, is usually neglected by theoretical peak models. Thus, it could have an impact on cosmological results. In this paper, we study the bias from neglecting (mis-modeling) the inversion. Our tests show a small but non-negligible bias. The cosmological dependence of this bias seems to be related to the parameter Sigma_8. When this bias propagates to the parameter estimation, we discovered that constraint contours involving the dark energy equation of state can differ by 2-sigma. Such an effect can be even larger for future high-precision surveys and we argue that the inversion should be properly modeled for theoretical peak models.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Conformed to the published version
Topological Quantum Numbers of Dyonic Fields over Taub-Bolt
Creators: name: Flores-Alfonso, Daniel
name: Quevedo, Hernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the global structure of dyonic fields on a Taub-Bolt background, and compare our results with similar fields over Taub-NUT and Schwarzschild spaces. It is shown that the electric and magnetic charges are quantized and lead to a classification of dyonic Taub-Bolt configurations. The quantization condition for the magnetic charge is similar to that of Dirac's monopole.
description: Final published version