cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The bright galaxy population of five medium redshift clusters. II. Quantitative Galaxy Morphology
Creators: name: Ascaso, B.
name: Aguerri, J. A. L
name: Moles, M.
name: Sánchez-Janssen, R.
name: Bettoni, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: Following the study already presented in our previous paper, based on the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT) sample, which consists of five clusters of galaxies within the redshift range 0.18 $\leq$ z $\leq$ 0.25, imaged in the central 0.5-2 Mpc in very good seeing conditions, we have studied the quantitative morphology of their bright galaxy population Methods: We have analyzed the surface brightness profiles of the galaxy population in those clusters. Previously, we have performed simulations in order to check the reliability of the fits. We have also derived a quantitative morphological classification. Results: The structural parameters derived from these analysis have been analyzed. We have obtained that the structural parameters of E/S0 galaxies are similar to those showed by galaxies in low redshift clusters. However, the disc scales are different. In particular, the scales of the discs of galaxies at medium redshift clusters are statistically different than those located in similar galaxies in the Coma cluster. But, the scales of the discs of galaxies in medium redshift clusters are similar to nearby field galaxies. Conclusions: The results suggest that the evolution of the disc component of galaxies in clusters is faster than in field ones. Mechanisms like galaxy harassment showing timescales of $\sim 1$Gyr could be the responsible of this disc scale evolution. This indicates that spiral galaxies in clusters have suffered a strong evolution in the last 2.5 Gyr or that Coma is in some way anomalous.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
Projekt Evropska noč raziskovalcev: Humanistika, to si ti! (Obzorje Evropa): dogodek 'Izmenjava dobrih praks na temo 'Vključenost državljanov, civilne  družbe in končnih uporabnikov v evropske projekte''
Creators: name: Jerše, Sašo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: citizen science
občanska znanost

description: Predstavitev projekta Evropska noč raziskovalcev -Humanistika, to si ti! (FP7, Obzorje 2020, Obzorje Evropa: MSCA Citizens 2009, 2018-2019, 2020, 2022-2023, 2024-2025)

izr. prof. dr. Sašo Jerše, UL, Filozofska fakulteta

Cilj projekta Evropska noč raziskovalcev, ki ga pod okriljem UL koordinira FF in poteka pod sloganom Humanistika, to si ti!, je povečati javno prepoznavnost raziskovalcev ter njihovo vlogo v družbi in spodbuditi različne javnosti in zlasti mlade, da se vključijo v raziskave in ozavestijo njihov vpliv v vsakdanjem življenju.
Phenomenology of Strangeness enhancement in heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Torrieri, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an overview of the phenomenology of strangeness enhancement in heavy ion collisions, within the paradigm of the statistical model of particle production. We argue that, while strangeness enhancement data is suggestive of a phase transition, the mechanism triggering enhancement is still elusive. We study the feasibility to constrain this mechanism by determining the scaling variable of strangeness enhancement. We further argue that to test the applicability of the statistical model generally, and to confirm our interpretation of the statistical physics responsible for strangeness enhancement, the scaling of strange particle fluctuations ($K/π$ and other particles) w.r.t. yields has to be explored.
description: Plenary talk, SQM2008, Beijing, China Minor stylistic revisions, discussion on scaling of enhancement added, references updated
MPEC 2023-Y08 : 2022 UL147
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2022 UL147

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Dynamic Muscle Fatigue Evaluation in Virtual Working Environment
Creators: name: Ma, Liang
name: Chablat, Damien
name: Bennis, Fouad
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) is one of the major health problems in mechanical work especially in manual handling jobs. Muscle fatigue is believed to be the main reason for MSD. Posture analysis techniques have been used to expose MSD risks of the work, but most of the conventional methods are only suitable for static posture analysis. Meanwhile the subjective influences from the inspectors can result differences in the risk assessment. Another disadvantage is that the evaluation has to be taken place in the workshop, so it is impossible to avoid some design defects before data collection in the field environment and it is time consuming. In order to enhance the efficiency of ergonomic MSD risk evaluation and avoid subjective influences, we develop a new muscle fatigue model and a new fatigue index to evaluate the human muscle fatigue during manual handling jobs in this paper. Our new fatigue model is closely related to the muscle load during working procedure so that it can be used to evaluate the dynamic working process. This muscle fatigue model is mathematically validated and it is to be further experimental validated and integrated into a virtual working environment to evaluate the muscle fatigue and predict the MSD risks quickly and objectively.
Theory of Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering by Collective Magnetic Excitations
Creators: name: Haverkort, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a tractable theory for the Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) spectral function of magnons. The low-energy transition operator is written as a product of local spin operators times fundamental x-ray absorption spectra. This leads to simple selection rules for the magnetic cross section. The scattering cross section linear (quadratic) in spin operators is proportional to the magnetic circular (linear) dichroic absorption. RIXS is a novel tool to measure magnetic quasi particles (magnons) and the incoherent spectral weight, as well as multiple magnons up to very high energy losses, in small samples, thin films and multilayers, complementary to Neutron scattering.
Additional file 2: of A prospective, single-arm, open-label, non-randomized, phase IIa trial of a nonavalent prophylactic HPV vaccine to assess immunogenicity of a prime and deferred-booster dosing schedule among 9â 11â year-old girls and boys â clinical protocol
Creators: name: Zeng, Yi
name: Moscicki, Anna-Barbara
name: Sahasrabuddhe, Vikrant
name: Garcia, Francisco
name: Woo, Heide
name: Hsu, Chiu-Hsieh
name: Szabo, Eva
name: Dimond, Eileen
name: Vanzzini, Susan
name: Mondragon, Angelica
name: Butler, Valerie
name: DeRose, Hillary
name: Chow, H.-H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Medicine
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: Protocol version. Protocol date and version identifier. (DOCX 35 kb)
Effects of Elliptical Polarization on Strong-Field Short-Pulse Double Ionization
Creators: name: Wang, Xu
name: Eberly, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict new end-of-pulse behavior in high-field atomic double ionization. Calculations of atomic electron trajectories in short intense laser pulses confirm our analysis of elliptical polarization. We exhibit a four-band structure in ion momentum distributions under various ellipticities, and predict that sequential and non-sequential double ionization can be cleanly distinguished under elliptical polarization.
description: Abstract, introduction and conclusion modified; new figures added; new references added
Constraints on moduli cosmology from the production of dark matter and baryon isocurvature fluctuations
Creators: name: Lemoine, Martin
name: Martin, Jerome
name: Yokoyama, Jun'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We set constraints on moduli cosmology from the production of dark matter -- radiation and baryon -- radiation isocurvature fluctuations through modulus decay, assuming the modulus remains light during inflation. We find that the moduli problem becomes worse at the perturbative level as a significant part of the parameter space m_σ(modulus mass) -- σ_{inf} (modulus vev at the end of inflation) is constrained by the non-observation of significant isocurvature fluctuations. We discuss in detail the evolution of the modulus vev and perturbations, in particular the consequences of Hubble scale corrections to the modulus potential and the stochastic motion of the modulus during inflation. We show, in particular, that a high modulus mass scale m_σ> 100 TeV, which allows the modulus to evade big-bang nucleosynthesis constraints is strongly constrained at the perturbative level. We find that generically, solving the moduli problem requires the inflationary scale to be much smaller than 10^{13} GeV.
description: 46 pages, 8 figures (revtex) -- v2: an important correction on the amplitude/transfer of isocurvature modes at the end of inflation, typos corrected, references and discussion added, basic result unchanged
On the local zeta functions and the b-functions of certain hyperplane arrangements
Creators: name: Budur, Nero
name: Saito, Morihiko
name: Yuzvinsky, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32S22

description: Conjectures of J. Igusa for p-adic local zeta functions and of J. Denef and F. Loeser for topological local zeta functions assert that (the real part of) the poles of these local zeta functions are roots of the Bernstein-Sato polynomials (i.e. the b-functions). We prove these conjectures for certain hyperplane arrangements, including the case of reduced hyperplane arrangements in three-dimensional affine space.
description: 21 pages, minor changes, to appear in J. London Math. Soc
NLTE models of line-driven stellar winds III. Influence of X-ray radiation on wind structure of O stars
Creators: name: Krticka, Jiri
name: Kubat, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of X-rays on the wind structure of selected O stars. For this purpose we use our non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) wind code with inclusion of additional artificial source of X-rays, assumed to originate in the wind shocks. We show that the influence of shock X-ray emission on wind mass-loss rate is relatively small. Wind terminal velocity may be slightly influenced by the presence of strong X-ray sources, especially for stars cooler than Teff < 35 000 K. We discuss the origin of the Lx/L \sim 10^-7 relation. For stars with thick wind this relation can be explained assuming that the cooling time depends on wind density. Stars with optically thin winds exhibiting the "weak wind problem" display enhanced X-ray emission which may be connected with large shock cooling length. We propose that this effect can explain the "weak wind problem". Inclusion of X-rays leads to a better agreement of the model ionization structure with observations. However, we do not found any significant influence of X-rays on Pv ionization fraction implying that the presence of X-rays cannot explain the Pv problem. We study the implications of modified ionization equilibrium due to shock emission on the line transfer in the X-ray region. We conclude that the X-ray line profiles of helium-like ions may be affected by the line absorption within the cool wind.
description: 16 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 4 of Transcriptomic analysis of flower opening response to relatively low temperatures in Osmanthus fragrans
Creators: name: Fu, Jianxin
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Liu, Yucheng
name: Pang, Tianhong
name: Dong, Bin
name: Gao, Xiaoyue
name: Zhu, Yimin
name: Zhao, Hongbo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table S1. The size of adaxial petal epidermal cells, abaxial petal epidermal cells, and vacuole of adaxial petal epidermal cells in sweet osmanthus flowers at different developmental stages
Global sensitivity analysis for models with spatially dependent outputs
Creators: name: Marrel, Amandine
name: Iooss, Bertrand
name: Jullien, Michel
name: Laurent, Beatrice
name: Volkova, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The global sensitivity analysis of a complex numerical model often calls for the estimation of variance-based importance measures, named Sobol' indices. Metamodel-based techniques have been developed in order to replace the cpu time-expensive computer code with an inexpensive mathematical function, which predicts the computer code output. The common metamodel-based sensitivity analysis methods are well-suited for computer codes with scalar outputs. However, in the environmental domain, as in many areas of application, the numerical model outputs are often spatial maps, which may also vary with time. In this paper, we introduce an innovative method to obtain a spatial map of Sobol' indices with a minimal number of numerical model computations. It is based upon the functional decomposition of the spatial output onto a wavelet basis and the metamodeling of the wavelet coefficients by the Gaussian process. An analytical example is presented to clarify the various steps of our methodology. This technique is then applied to a real hydrogeological case: for each model input variable, a spatial map of Sobol' indices is thus obtained.
The role of optimization in the human dynamics of tasks execution
Creators: name: Cajueiro, Daniel O.
name: Maldonado, Wilfredo L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to explain the empirical evidence that the dynamics of human activity may not be well modeled by Poisson processes, a model based on queuing processes were built in the literature \cite{bar05}. The main assumption behind that model is that people execute their tasks based on a protocol that execute firstly the high priority item. In this context, the purpose of this letter is to analyze the validity of that hypothesis assuming that people are rational agents that make their decisions in order minimize the cost of keeping non-executed tasks on the list. Therefore, we build and solve analytically a dynamic programming model with two priority types of tasks and show that the validity of this hypothesis depends strongly on the structure of the instantaneous costs that a person has to face if a given task is kept on the list for more than one step. Moreover, one interesting finding is that in one of the situations the protocol used to execute the tasks generates complex one dimensional dynamics.
Press reports on early cases of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
Creators: name: Worobey, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: These are press reports covering COVID-19 cases from December 2019 and January 2020 in Wuhan, China. They are from the supplementary References of a paper in Science, "Dissecting the early COVID-19 cases in Wuhan", by Michael Worobey. For Chinese language articles/videos an English translation is provided.
Gauged linear sigma model and pion-pion scattering
Creators: name: Fariborz, Amir H.
name: Park, N. W.
name: Schechter, Joseph
name: Shahid, M. Naeem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple gauged linear sigma model with several parameters to take the symmetry breaking and the mass differences between the vector meson and the axial vector meson into account is considered here as a possibly useful template for the role of a light scalar in QCD as well as for (at a different scale) an effective Higgs sector for some recently proposed walking technicolor models. An analytic procedure is first developed for relating the Lagrangian parameters to four well established (in the QCD application) experimental inputs. One simple equation distinguishes three different cases:1. QCD with axial vector particle heavier than vector particle, 2. possible technicolor model with vector particle heavier than the axial vector one, 3. the unphysical QCD case where both the KSRF and Weinberg relations hold. The model is applied to the s-wave pion-pion scattering in QCD. Both the near threshold region and (with an assumed unitarization) theglobal region up to about 800 MeV are considered. It is noted that there is a little tension between the choice of bare sigma mass parameter for describing these two regions. If a reasonable globa fit is made, there is some loss of precision in the near threshold region.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
A nonlinear theory of the parallel firehose and gyrothermal instabilities in a weakly collisional plasma
Creators: name: Rosin, M. S.
name: Schekochihin, A. A.
name: Rincon, F.
name: Cowley, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weakly collisional plasmas dynamically develop pressure anisotropies with respect to the magnetic field. These anisotropies trigger plasma instabilities at scales just above the ion Larmor radius ρ_i and much below the mean free path λ_{mfp}. They have growth rates of a fraction of the ion cyclotron frequency - much faster than either the global dynamics or local turbulence. The instabilities dramatically modify the transport properties and, therefore, the macroscopic dynamics of the plasma. Their nonlinear evolution drives pressure anisotropies towards marginal stability, controlled by the plasma beta β_i. Here this nonlinear evolution is worked out for the simplest analytically tractable example - the parallel firehose instability. In the nonlinear regime, both analytical theory and the numerical solution predict secular growth of magnetic fluctuations. They develop a k^{-3} spectrum, extending from scales somewhat larger than ρ_i to the maximum scale that grows secularly with time (~t^{1/2}); the relative pressure anisotropy (\pperp-\ppar)/\ppar tends to the marginal value -2/β_i. The marginal state is achieved via changes in the magnetic field, not particle scattering. When a parallel ion heat flux is present, the firehose mutates into the new gyrothermal instability (GTI), which continues to exist up to firehose-stable values of pressure anisotropy, which can be positive and are limited by the heat flux. The nonlinear evolution of the GTI also features secular growth of magnetic fluctuations, but the spectrum is eventually dominated by modes around the scale ~ρ_i l_T/λ_{mfp}, where l_T is the scale of the parallel temperature variation. Implications for momentum and heat transport are speculated about. This study is motivated by the dynamics of galaxy cluster plasmas.
description: 34 pages, replaced with the version published in MNRAS
Self-referenced characterization of optical frequency combs and arbitrary waveforms using a simple, linear, zero-delay implementation of spectral shearing interferometry
Creators: name: Supradeepa, V. R.
name: Long, Christopher M.
name: Leaird, Daniel E.
name: Weiner, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a simple, linear, zero-delay implementation of spectral shearing interferometry for amplitude and phase characterization of optical frequency comb sources and arbitrary waveforms. We demonstrate this technique by characterizing two different high repetition rate (~10 GHz) frequency comb sources, generated respectively by strong external and intracavity phase modulation of a continuous-wave laser. This technique is easy to implement, requiring only an intensity modulator and an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA), and is demonstrated to work at average power levels down to 100nW (10aJ/pulse at 10 GHz). By exploiting the long coherence lengths of these frequency combs and the self-referenced nature of the measurement, we also demonstrate a simple single-ended measurement of dispersion and dispersion slope in long lengths of fiber (>25km).
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, replaced the older version with the published version
Seasonal ITCZ Control on ENSO Responses to Extratropical Volcanic Forcing
Creators: name: -2752-2434, 0000-0003
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The response of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to a strong volcanic eruption is controlled by several mechanisms, including the spatial structure of the volcanic forcing. In the case of extratropical eruptions, a mechanism contributing to post-eruption ENSO evolution involves the forced inter-hemispheric energy imbalance and the associated displacement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). In this study, using 100 members of diverse (in locations and magnitude) idealized volcanic forcing ensembles from the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM1-2-LR), we find that large (>= 10 Tg Sulfur) north and south extra-tropical eruptions lead to strong El Niño-like and weak La Niña-like responses in the second winter following the eruption, respectively. We demonstrate that the shifts of the ITCZ are the main drivers of the ENSO response. The weaker ENSO response for the south extra-tropical eruptions is due to contrasting westerly and easterly anomalies along the equator, thereby reducing the overall. Furthermore, when separating the 100 members based on initial ENSO states, distinct ENSO responses are found and significant differences in ENSO tendencies can be observed even five years after eruptions. This study stresses the importance of seasonal differences in ITCZ displacement when studying volcanic forcing and contributes to explain the inconsistency of ENSO responses to past volcanic events.
Delocalization of relativistic Dirac particles in disordered one-dimensional systems and its implementation with cold atoms
Creators: name: Zhu, Shi-Liang
name: Zhang, Dan-Wei
name: Wang, Z. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the localization of relativistic particles in disordered one-dimensional chains. It is found that the relativistic particles tend to dislocation in comparison with the non-relativistic particles with the same disorder strength. More intriguingly, we reveal that the massless Dirac particles are entirely delocalized for any energy due to the inherent chiral symmetry, leading to a well-known result that particles are always localized in one-dimensional system for arbitrary weak disorders to break down. Furthermore, we propose a feasible scheme to simulate and detect the delocalization feature of the Dirac particles with cold atoms..
description: The version to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett.. many typos corrected; the suggested experiment was clarified;
MPEC 2023-Y09 : 2023 XD15
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XD15

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Non-existence and uniqueness results for supercritical semilinear elliptic equations
Creators: name: Dolbeault, Jean
name: Stanczy, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A05; 35J60; 35J65

description: Non-existence and uniqueness results are proved for several local and non-local supercritical bifurcation problems involving a semilinear elliptic equation depending on a parameter. The domain is star-shaped but no other symmetry assumption is required. Uniqueness holds when the bifurcation parameter is in a certain range. Our approach can be seen, in some cases, as an extension of non-existence results for non-trivial solutions. It is based on Rellich-Pohozaev type estimates. Semilinear elliptic equations naturally arise in many applications, for instance in astrophysics, hydrodynamics or thermodynamics. We simplify the proof of earlier results by K. Schmitt and R. Schaaf in the so-called local multiplicative case, extend them to the case of a non-local dependence on the bifurcation parameter and to the additive case, both in local and non-local settings.
description: Annales Henri Poincar\'e (2009) to appear
Dynamic response of 1D bosons in a trap
Creators: name: Golovach, Vitaly N.
name: Minguzzi, Anna
name: Glazman, Leonid I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the dynamic structure factor S(q,omega) of a one-dimensional (1D) interacting Bose gas confined in a harmonic trap. The effective interaction depends on the strength of the confinement enforcing the 1D motion of atoms; interaction may be further enhanced by superimposing an optical lattice on the trap potential. In the compressible state, we find that the smooth variation of the gas density around the trap center leads to softening of the singular behavior of S(q,omega) at Lieb-1 mode compared to the behavior predicted for homogeneous 1D systems. Nevertheless, the density-averaged response remains a non-analytic function of q and omega at Lieb-1 mode in the limit of weak trap confinement. The exponent of the power-law non-analyticity is modified due to the inhomogeneity in a universal way, and thus, bears unambiguously the information about the (homogeneous) Lieb-Liniger model. A strong optical lattice causes formation of Mott phases. Deep in the Mott regime, we predict a semi-circular peak in S(q,ω) centered at the on-site repulsion energy, omega=U. Similar peaks of smaller amplitudes exist at multiples of U as well. We explain the suppression of the dynamic response with entering into the Mott regime, observed recently by D. Clement et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. v. 102, p. 155301 (2009), based on an f-sum rule for the Bose-Hubbard model.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures
AdS$_3$ vacua and RG flows in three dimensional gauged supergravities
Creators: name: Gava, Edi
name: Karndumri, Parinya
name: Narain, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study $AdS_3$ supersymmetric vacua in N=4 and N=8, three dimensional gauged supergravities, with scalar manifolds $(\frac{SO(4,4)}{SO(4)\times SO(4)})^2$ and $\frac{SO(8,8)}{SO(8)\times SO(8)}$, non-semisimple Chern-Simons gaugings $SO(4)\ltimes {\bf R}^6$ and $(SO(4)\ltimes {\bf R}^6)^2$, respectively. These are in turn equivalent to SO(4) and $SO(4)\times SO(4)$ Yang-Mills theories coupled to supergravity. For the N=4 case, we study renormalization group flows between UV and IR $AdS_3$ vacua with the same amount of supersymmetry: in one case, with (3,1) supersymmetry, we can find an analytic solution whereas in another, with (2,0) supersymmetry, we give a numerical solution. In both cases, the flows turn out to be v.e.v. flows, i.e. they are driven by the expectation value of a relevant operator in the dual $SCFT_2$. These provide examples of v.e.v. flows between two $AdS_3$ vacua within a gauged supergravity framework.
description: 35 pages in JHEP form, 3 figures, typos corrected, references added
Stochastic resolution of the LHC inverse problem
Creators: name: Balázs, Csaba
name: Kahawala, Dilani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work the LHC inverse problem is quantified in the Bayesian context by clarifying the relation between the mapping from the theory parameter space to experimental signature space and the inverse map. We demonstrate that, after complementing the LHC data by existing astrophysical, collider, and low energy measurements, a simple likelihood analysis is able to significantly reduce the inverse problem. The presented approach offers a robust, economic, and extendable way to extract theoretical parameters from the LHC, and other experimental, data.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure - minor change to abstract in v2
Supporting Information: Analysis of protrusion dynamics in amoeboid cell motility by means of regularized contour flows
Creators: name: Schindler, Daniel
name: Moldenhawer, Ted
name: Stange, Maike
name: Lepro, Valentino
name: Beta, Carsten
name: Holschneider, Matthias
name: Huisinga, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: cell motility
cell migration
amoeboid motility
Dictyostelium discoideum
fluorescence imaging
regularized flows
pseudopodia
local dispersion
virtual marker dispersion

description: Supporting information associated with arXiv:2005.12678 (https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.12678) Publication: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009268
description: The research of this project has been partially funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - SFB1294/1 - 318763901.
Constituting the quarantine protection of islands designated IUCN 1a protected areas - theoretical and practical perspectives
Creators: name: Potter, SA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Environmental management

description: The successful protection of sites of high conservation value from the unintentional introduction of species necessitates an understanding of the drivers and impediments to action, and the manner in which research, policy development and praxis interface to constitute an appropriate level of protection - in theory and in practice. Factors bearing on how the quarantine protection of such sites is constituted are usefully explored in relation to islands - on account of the heightened planning considerations associated with their geographies and destination appeal, and their relatively small size, notionally defendable edges and oft-cited vulnerability and importance as refuges for rare and endangered species. Eight Australian Islands designated IUCN Category 1a Protected Areas (Strict Nature Reserves) were selected as case studies using a mixed, purposeful sampling strategy that deferred to each case's likely intrinsic merit in illustrating a diversity of protection issues, and in providing balance and variety of information. Insights into biosecurity praxis were elicited by conducting semi-structured interviews with policy makers, land managers and the proponents of island activities; reviewing the grey literature of stakeholder agencies; and observing quarantine management practices. Factors found to impact upon praxis included perspectives held about the activities providing for introductions and the extent to which these pathways can and need to be managed, how non-indigenous species issues are articulated and scoped, the sometimes default and problematic reliance placed on quarantine arrangements constituted at the national level, the degree to which land management agencies and land users are compelled to act and perspectives on the efficacy of past protection efforts.
Eelgrass Zostera capensis populations in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, harbour distinct genomic signals despite limited geographical distance
Creators: name: Smit, SE
name: Henriques, R
name: Jackson, M
name: Taylor, R
name: Vivier, L
name: von der Heyden, S
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Seagrasses are threatened by anthropogenic stressors and climate change, with numerous population declines reported. In South Africa, the eelgrass Zostera capensis is restricted to estuarine environments and has a disjunct distribution and declining status. With the majority of the distribution of Z. capensis on the west and southwest coasts of South Africa, the isolated easternmost populations in KwaZulu-Natal Province (KZN) are of particular interest. Following the extirpation of Z. capensis at Durban and St Lucia, only five populations remain, of which three (in the Amatikulu, Mlalazi and Mhlatuze estuaries) are situated <50 km apart. Previous molecular analyses showed strong population structure between Z. capensis populations, but the geographically close populations on the east coast were not included. In this study, using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) isolated from 31 individual sampled plants collected from three northern KZN estuaries, we provide evidence for distinct population clusters, with unique evolutionary signals. Zostera capensis in the Mlalazi Estuary has a low level of genomic diversity, likely as a result of a small, dynamic population unable to withstand prolonged freshwater exposure. Our results suggest that conservation efforts need to consider unique population signals even among geographically close populations, in particular within the context of restoration, where genomic compatibility may determine the persistence of restored populations.
Evidence for two electronic components in high-temperature superconductivity from NMR
Creators: name: Haase, Juergen
name: Slichter, Charles P.
name: Williams, Grant V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new analysis of 63Cu and 17O NMR shift data on La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 is reported that supports earlier work arguing for a two-component description of this material, but conflicts with the widely held view that the cuprates are a one-component system. The data are analyzed in terms of two components A and B with susceptibilities Chi(A), Chi(B), and Chi(AB)=Chi(BA) . We find that above Tc, Chi(AB) and Chi(BB) are independent of temperature and obtain for the first time the temperature dependence of all three susceptibilities above Tc as well as the complete temperature dependence of Chi(AA)+Chi(AB) and of Chi(AB)+Chi(BB) below Tc. The form of the results agrees with that recently proposed by Barzykin and Pines.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
title: Pathogen and heavy metal contamination in urban agroecosystems of northern Ghana: Influence of biochar application and wastewater irrigation
Creators: name: Asirifi, Isaac
name: Kätzl, Korbinian
name: Werner, Steffen
name: Saba, Courage Kosi Setsoafia
name: Abagale, Felix Kofi
name: Amoah, Philip
name: Marschner, Bernd
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 333
subject: 550
subject: Ghana
subject: Abwasserverwertung
subject: Bewässerung
subject: Städtische Landwirtschaft
subject: Pathogener Mikroorganismus
subject: Schwermetallbelastung
subject: Pflanzenkohle

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
description: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung. Grant Number: 031A242-A,B; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung. Grant Number: 031A242-A,B
Detection of the Meissner Effect with a Diamond Magnetometer
Creators: name: Bouchard, Louis-S.
name: Acosta, Victor M.
name: Bauch, Erik
name: Budker, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the possibility of probing superconductivity effects in metal nanoclusters via diamond magnetometry. Metal nanoclusters have been proposed as constitutive elements of high T$_c$ superconducting nanostructured materials. Magnetometry based on the detection of spin-selective fluorescence of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond is capable of nanoscale spatial resolution and could be used as a tool for investigating the properties of single or multiple clusters interacting among each other or with a surface. We have carried out sensitivity estimates and experiments to understand how these magnetometers could be used in such a situation. We studied the behavior of the sensor as a function of temperature and detected the flux exclusion effect in a superconductor by monitoring the [111]-orientation fine structure spectrum in high-NV density diamond. Our results show that phase transitions can be ascertained in a bulk superconductor with this technique while the principal zero field splitting parameter ($D$) demonstrates a temperature dependence that may require compensation schemes.
Spheres arising from multicomplexes
Creators: name: Murai, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B22, 13F55

description: In 1992, Thomas Bier introduced a surprisingly simple way to construct a large number of simplicial spheres. He proved that, for any simplicial complex $Δ$ on the vertex set $V$ with $Δ\ne 2^V$, the deleted join of $Δ$ with its Alexander dual $Δ^\vee$ is a combinatorial sphere. In this paper, we extend Bier's construction to multicomplexes, and study their combinatorial and algebraic properties. We show that all these spheres are shellable and edge decomposable, which yields a new class of many shellable edge decomposable spheres that are not realizable as polytopes. It is also shown that these spheres are related to polarizations and Alexander duality for monomial ideals which appear in commutative algebra theory.
description: 20 pages. Improve presentation. To appear in Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A
Estimating the radiation environment in the Great Barrrier Reef
Creators: name: Masiri, IO
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Atmospheric radiation

description: There are a number of studies that have examined solar irradiance in the environment above and below the ocean surface. Unlike other previous studies, this thesis maps both surface and underwwater irradiances using a combination of geostationary and Sea WiFS satellite data and surface measurements. Detailed estimates of broadband, PAR and UVB solar radiaton both above and below water is obtained for the Great Barrier Reef region in northeast Australia. The study covers the Coral Sea including the Great Barreir Reef (GBR) northeast of Queensland (10 degrees S - 26 degrees S, 142 degrees E - 155 degrees E). Geostationary meteorological satellite (GMS) data collected for periods between 1995 and 2005 are combined with the models to obtain broadband solar radiation at the surface. PAR and UVB underwater irradiance are estimated from the attenuation coefficients Kd derived from the SeaWiFS instrument for the period of 1998 - 2005.
AGN heating and ICM cooling in the HIFLUGCS sample of galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Mittal, Rupal
name: Hudson, Daniel S.
name: Reiprich, Thomas H.
name: Clarke, Tracy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out an intensive study of the AGN heating-ICM cooling network by comparing various cluster parameters of the HIFLUGCS sample to the integrated radio luminosity of the central AGN, L_R, defined as the total synchrotron power between 10 MHz and 15 GHz. We adopt the central cooling time, t_cool, as the diagnostic to ascertain cooling properties of the clusters and classify clusters with t_cool < 1 Gyr as strong cooling core (SCC) clusters, with 1 Gyr < t_cool <7.7 Gyr as weak cooling core (WCC) clusters and with t_cool > 7.7 Gyr as non-cooling core (NCC) clusters. We find 48 out of 64 clusters (75%) contain cluster center radio sources (CCRS) cospatial with or within 50 h^{-1}_{71} kpc of the X-ray peak emission. Further, we find that the probability of finding a CCRS increases from 45% to 67% to 100% for NCC, WCC and SCC clusters, respectively, suggesting an AGN-feedback machinery in SCC clusters which regulates the cooling in the central regions. We find L_R in SCC clusters depends strongly on the cluster scale such that more massive clusters harbor more powerful radio AGN. The same trend is observed between L_R and the classical mass deposition rate, MDR, albeit much stronger, in SCC and partly also in WCC clusters. We also perform correlations of the 2MASS K-band luminosity of the brightest cluster galaxy, L_BCG, with L_R and cluster parameters. We invoke the relation between L_BCG and the black hole mass, M_BH, and find a surprisingly tight correlation between M_BH and L_R for SCC clusters. We find also an excellent correlation of L_BCG with M500 and L_X for the entire sample; however, SCC clusters show a tighter trend in both the cases. We discuss the plausible reasons behind these scaling relations in the context of cooling flows and AGN feedback. [Abridged]
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 26 pages, 11 Figures, 1 Table
The changing status of important marine fishery species in selected South African estuaries
Creators: name: Whitfield, AK
name: Mann, BQ
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: This review examines the changing status of 10 estuary-dependent marine fish species in 10 South African estuarine systems, ranging from the Kosi Estuary in the northeast to the Berg Estuary in the southwest. In all of these systems, the selected fish species were found to be in population decline, but the causes of the declines varied from one system to another. Recreational and small-scale/subsistence fishing was a common pressure on fish stocks in most of the reviewed estuaries, but environmental degradation and pollution were the prime drivers for major population declines in the St Lucia and uMhlanga estuaries, respectively. Of six primary linefish species that have been well studied, two species are categorised as having an overexploited stock status and four species have reached a collapsed level where the spawner biomass per recruit (SBR) is now <25% of the original unimpacted level. Furthermore, two of those species (dusky kob Argyrosomus japonicus and white steenbras Lithognathus lithognathus) are in the 4‒6% SBR range and have been officially categorised as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Unless definite steps are taken to reduce fishing pressure on the species discussed in this review, and successful policies put in place to promote healthy estuarine environments around the coast, estuarydependent fish stocks will continue to decline—to the detriment of the fish populations and the people who depend on fish for food, recreation and/or employment.
Bulk viscosity-driven freeze-out in heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Torrieri, Giorgio
name: Mishustin, Igor
name: Tomášik, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an review the HBT puzzle, and argue that its resolution requires the introduction of new physics close to the phase transition scale. We argue that a candidate for this new physics is bulk viscosity, recently postulated to peak, and even diverge, close to the phase transition temperature. We show that such a viscosity peak can force the system created in heavy ion collisions to become unstable, and filament into fragments whose size is weakly dependent on the global size of the system, thereby triggering freeze-out.
description: Proceedings, International School of Nuclear Physics 30th Course Heavy-Ion Collisions from the Coulomb Barrier to the Quark-Gluon Plasma Erice-Sicily: 16 - 24 September 2008
Sudden death of entanglement and teleportation fidelity loss via the Unruh effect
Creators: name: Landulfo, Andre G. S.
name: Matsas, George E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Unruh effect to investigate how the teleportation of quantum states is affected when one of the entangled qubits used in the process is under the influence of some external force. In order to reach a comprehensive understanding, a detailed analysis of the acceleration effect on such entangled qubit system is performed. In particular, we calculate the mutual information and concurrence between the two qubits and show that the latter has a ``sudden death" at a finite acceleration, whose value will depend on the time interval along which the detector is accelerated.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures