cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The clustering amplitude of X-ray selected AGN at z=0.8: Evidence for a negative dependence on accretion luminosity
Creators: name: Mountrichas, G.
name: Georgakakis, A.
name: Menzel, M. L.
name: Fanidakis, N.
name: Merloni, A.
name: Liu, Z.
name: Salvato, M.
name: Nandra, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The northern tile of the wide-area and shallow XMM-XXL X-ray survey field is used to estimate the average dark matter halo mass of relatively luminous X-ray selected AGN [$\rm log\, L_X (\rm 2-10\,keV)= 43.6^{+0.4}_{-0.4}\,erg/s$] in the redshift interval $z=0.5-1.2$. Spectroscopic follow-up observations of X-ray sources in the XMM-XXL field by the Sloan telescope are combined with the VIPERS spectroscopic galaxy survey to determine the cross-correlation signal between X-ray selected AGN (total of 318) and galaxies (about 20,\,000). We model the large scales (2-25\,Mpc) of the correlation function to infer a mean dark matter halo mass of $\log M / (M_{\odot} \, h^{-1}) = 12.50 ^{+0.22} _{-0.30}$ for the X-ray selected AGN sample. This measurement is about 0.5\,dex lower compared to estimates in the literature of the mean dark matter halo masses of moderate luminosity X-ray AGN [$L_X (\rm 2-10\,keV)\approx 10^{42} - 10^{43}\,erg/s$] at similar redshifts. Our analysis also links the mean clustering properties of moderate luminosity AGN with those of powerful UV/optically selected QSOs, which are typically found in halos with masses few times $10^{12}\,M_{\odot}$. There is therefore evidence for a negative luminosity dependence of the AGN clustering. This is consistent with suggestions that AGN have a broad dark matter halo mass distribution with a high mass tail that becomes sub-dominant at high accretion luminosities. We further show that our results are in qualitative agreement with semi-analytic models of galaxy and AGN evolution, which attribute the wide range of dark matter halo masses among the AGN population to different triggering mechanisms and/or black hole fueling modes.
description: MNRAS accepted. 10 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Q.ANTUM – Q-Cells Next Generation High-Power Silicon Cell & Module Concept
Creators: name: Engelhart, P.
name: Manger, D.
name: Klöter, B.
name: Hermann, S.
name: Stekolnikov, A.A.
name: Peters, S.
name: Ploigt, H.-C.
name: Eifler, A.
name: Klenke, C.
name: Mohr, A.
name: Zimmermann, G.
name: Barkenfelt, B.
name: Suva, K.
name: Wendt, J.
name: Kaden, T.
name: Rupp, S.
name: Rychtarik, D.
name: Fischer, M.
name: Müller, J.W.
name: Wawer, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 821-826
description: In this paper we report on our latest R&D cell and module results based on double-side contacted ptype
Si solar cells characterised by a dielectric passivated rear surface and local point contacts – our so-called
Q.ANTUM technology. In addition to our confirmed 19.5 % efficient world record multi-crystalline Si solar cell we
present a new Q.ANTUM module with a world record energy conversion efficiency (ap) of 18.1 % based on 60
multi-crystalline cells. For p-type mono-crystalline Cz material we report on an independently confirmed cell
efficiency of 20.2%. Furthermore, supported by R&D results Q-Cells decided to transfer the Q.ANTUM technology
into pilot production in Thalheim, Germany. Finally, measurement results are reported demonstrating the maturity of
our Q.ANTUM technology concerning reliability and secured energy yield.
title: Besseres moralisches Verhalten durch Überwachung?
Creators: name: Pokorny, Patrick
Year: 2022

description: Die moderne Technik findet einen immer schnelleren Fortschritt im 21. Jahrhundert und kann bereits in vielen Lebensbereichen eingesetzt werden. Auch in der Volksrepublik China wird diese eingesetzt, jedoch nicht nur dafür den Menschen zu helfen, sondern diesen auch zu überwachen. Deshalb laufen seit 2014 in unterschiedlichen Städten die ersten Versuche mittels (Video-) Überwachung ein sogenanntes Sozialkreditsystem zu testen, welches schlussendlich auf das gesamte Land angewendet werden kann, um die Bürger:innen aufgrund ihres Verhaltens zu bewerten. In dieser Arbeit wird daher der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern durch den Einsatz von (Video-)Überwachung ein durch die Politik erwünschtes „moralisch besseres“ Verhalten erzwungen werden kann. Unter Miteinbeziehung von Fachliteratur und veröffentlichten Artikel, die sich mit der Thematik beschäftigen, konnten weitere, wichtige Punkte in Erkenntnis gebracht werden: 1. Videoüberwachung wird bereits in vielen Ländern für unterschiedliche Aufgabengebiete eingesetzt. Unter anderem bereits für die Disziplinierung von Menschen. 2. Viele Ziele der Überwachung können nicht in dem Ausmaß erreicht werden, wie gewünscht, manche verfehlen dieses sogar ganz. Als Vorwand zum Ausbau von Videoüberwachung werden sie dennoch unabhängig davon dennoch eingesetzt. 3. Die Coronakrise hat zu einem verstärkten Überwachungsapparat in China geführt. 4. Es wurden bereits Millionen Verbote aufgrund niedriger Punktestände ausgerufen. In Hinblick auf die Forschungsfrage konnte während der Literaturrecherche das Fazit gezogen werden, dass das System nicht in dem Ausmaß durchgreift, wie von der Regierung vorgesehen und (Video-)Überwachung alleine nicht allen Menschen ein moralisch erwünschtes Verhalten aufzwingen kann.
title: Inklusion von Menschen mit Behinderung in den österreichischen Arbeitsmarkt seit Inkrafttreten der UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention 2008
Creators: name: Bodner, Sofia
Year: 2022

description: In dieser Masterarbeit wird die Inklusion von Menschen mit Behinderung beziehungsweise mit Beeinträchtigung in den österreichischen Arbeitsmarkt seit Inkrafttreten der UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention 2008 behandelt. Für die quantitative Analyse werden Mikrozensus-Daten der Zusatzmodule „Menschen mit Beeinträchtigung“ der Jahre 2007 und 2015 verwendet. Insbesondere untersuche ich, wie sich verschiedene individuelle Merkmale, einschließlich einer Behinderung, auf die Beschäftigung auswirken und wie sich die Auswirkungen in den Jahren 2007 und 2015 verändert haben. In dieser Arbeit werden die theoretischen Ansätze „Formen von Inklusion und Exklusion“, „Inklusion über Rollen“ und „Inklusion und Exklusion durch Organisationen“ im Hinblick auf Inklusion von Menschen mit Behinderung in den österreichischen Arbeitsmarkt herangezogen. Die Haupteinflussfaktoren für eine Erwerbstätigkeit von Menschen mit Behinderung am österreichischen Arbeitsmarkt sind analog zu Menschen ohne Behinderung, Alter und Geschlecht. Der Grad der Behinderung ordnet sich von der Effektstärke zwischen Alter und Geschlecht ein. Im Zeitverlauf ist hervorzuheben, dass die Zunahme der Erwerbstätigkeit von Menschen mit Behinderung im Alter von 45 – 64 Jahren zu beobachten ist. Es zeigt sich des Weiteren ein negativer Trend der Erwerbsquote bei Menschen mit nervlichen oder psychischen Problemen. Insgesamt kann man eine Verbesserung im Zeitablauf zwischen den Jahren 2007 und 2015 bzgl. der Erwerbstätigkeit von Menschen mit Behinderung feststellen.
description: This master thesis deals with the inclusion of people with disabilities in the Austrian labor market since the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities came into force in 2008. For the quantitative analysis, microcensus data of the supplementary modules "people with impairments" of the years 2007 and 2015 are used. In particular, I examine how different individual characteristics, including a disability, affect employment and how the effects have changed in 2007 and 2015. In this paper, the theoretical approaches "forms of inclusion and exclusion," "inclusion through roles," and "inclusion and exclusion through organizations" are used with regard to inclusion of people with disabilities in the Austrian labor market. The main factors influencing the employment of people with disabilities in the Austrian labor market are analogous to people without disabilities, age and gender. The degree of disability ranks between age and gender in terms of effect size. Over time, it should be emphasized that the increase in employment of people with disabilities can be observed at the age of 45 - 64 years. Furthermore, there is a negative trend in the employment rate of people with nervous or mental problems. Overall, we can observe an improvement over time between the years 2007 and 2015 regarding the employment of people with disabilities.
title: Evaluation of "rep" and ORF49 of φCh1
Creators: name: Szalay, Julian
Year: 2022

description: φCh1-1 ist eine natürlich auftretende Mutante des temperaten Halovirus φCh1, die eine Duplikation im ORF49 besitzt. Es wird angenommen, dass der offene Leserahmen ORF49 für einen Transkriptionsfaktor kodiert, der für die Verstärkung der Expression von Genen verantwortlich ist, die für das Einsetzen und Beibehalten der Lyse zuständig sind. Studien über ORF49´, also den partiell duplizierten ORF49, erlauben tiefere Einblicke in den molekularen Schalter zwischen lysogenen und lytischen Lebenszyklus von φCh1. Um die Frage zu beantworten ob ORF49´ tatsächlich in das Protein gp49´ translatiert wird, welches möglicherweise einen Einfluss auf das Lyse Verhalten von φCh1 hat, wurde das Start Codon in ORF49´ mittels Clonierung entfernt und der so veränderte ORF49/ORF49´ΔAUG auf low und high copy Plasmiden in verschiedene N. magadii L11 Kulturen transformiert und exprimiert. Schließlich wurde das Lyse Verhalten der resultierenden Kulturen mit Hilfe von Wachstumskurven, Western blots und Virus Titer Analysen verfolgt, Diese Evaluierungen zeigten klar, dass Kulturen in denen ORF49´ exprimiert wurde ein supprimiertes Lyse Verhalten aufgewiesen haben, wohingegen die meisten Kulturen, die das gelöschte Start Codon in ORF49 beinhaltet haben, ein normales Lyse Verhalten zeigten. Diese Beobachtungen lassen darauf schließen, dass ORF49´ tatsächlich als das verkürzte Protein gp49´ exprimiert wird, das einen die Lyse abschwächenden Effekt aufweist. Ob der Wirkungsmechanismus dieses Effekts wirklich darauf beruht, dass zwar eine DNA binding Domäne, aber keine trans-acting Domäne in gp49´ vorhanden ist, und dieser Umstand dazu führt, dass die Bindungsstellen für gp49 durch gp49´ blockiert sind jedoch gp49´ nicht mit der RNA Polymerase kommunizieren kann, was zu ineffizienter Expression von lytischen Genen führt, müssen weitere Studien klären.
Separate Imaging of Space Charge and Bulk Recombination Current Distribution by Lock-in Thermography
Creators: name: Breitenstein, O.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterisation and Modelling

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1179-1181
description: By evaluating dark lock-in thermography images taken at one reverse and three forward biases, images
of all two-diode-parameters J01, J02, n2 (ideality factor of J02), and Gp (the parallel ohmic conductivity) are obtained.
A local series resistance is explicitly considered and may be provided as a series resistance image, e.g. resulting from
luminescence imaging. The results allow a separate investigation of factors influencing the depletion region
recombination current and the bulk lifetime-governed diffusion current. Local I-V characteristics of special sites may
be simulated.
Mechanical Stress Induced Effects for the Characterization of Large Area Solar Cells
Creators: name: Schütt, A.
name: Carstensen, J.
name: Popkirov, G.
name: Föll, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterisation and Modelling

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1182-1186
description: CELLO measurements using a deep penetration laser (934 nm wavelength, 50 μm penetration depth)
showed regions with significantly increased phase shift not visible in the corresponding phase shift map of a red
laser. These regions show a significantly reduced photo current only for the deep penetrating lasers. Series of
CELLO measurements on locally mechanical stressed solar cells (e.g. by bending the cell) show that especially the
phase shift of the short circuit current is sensitive to stress. These strongly hint that the above mentioned structures
are related to process induced stress in the solar cell. A model is discussed, where mechanical stress induced
wavelength dependent changes in the laser penetration depth are related to strain induced changes of the silicon band
gap. This allows for a complete fit of 16 CELLO maps to generate local data of the relative change in the band gap as
a measure for local stress. Corresponding results have been found on nearly all mono- and mc-Si solar cells thinner
than 250 μm, but are more pronounced on mono-Si cells. Several examples will be presented.
Impact of Junction Breakdown in Multi-Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells on Hot Spot Formation and Module Performance
Creators: name: Fertig, F.
name: Rein, S.
name: Schubert, M.C.
name: Warta, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterisation and Modelling

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1168-1178
description: Localized diode breakdown in mc-Si solar cells is suspected to be potentially critical to module
encapsulation when occurring during the operation of a shaded solar cell in reverse. By modelling the operating
point of two model cells under varying shading conditions, we show that every cell, breaking down or not, can
suffer from significant power dissipation in a standard industrial module. We discuss, that early breakdown can
even be beneficial concerning worst case total power dissipation in a shaded cell and module output power.
Experimentally, we show that type I, II and III breakdown sites which were identified by DLIT and EL on solar
cells from umg and virgin-grade feedstock have not led to critical hot spot temperatures. However, a newly
observed edge effect which was activated at approximately 160°C after a significant shading time severely
damaged the investigated module. Partial shading of solar cells revealed that the dark part of a cell, even when
exhibiting the dominant breakdown mechanism during full shading, can be dominated by the illuminated part,
which is supported by modelling a partially shaded cell with a parallel connection of a fully shaded and a fully
illuminated cell.
Der Charakter als konkrete Sichtbarkeit des Sakraments in Beziehung zur Kirche
Creators: name: Ruffini, Eliseo
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (1968): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 4, Heft 1
The elephant in the room: The problem of quantifying productivity in evaluative scientometrics
Creators: name: Waltman, Ludo
name: van Eck, Nees Jan
name: Visser, Martijn
name: Wouters, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a critical and provocative paper, Abramo and D'Angelo claim that commonly used scientometric indicators such as the mean normalized citation score (MNCS) are completely inappropriate as indicators of scientific performance. Abramo and D'Angelo argue that scientific performance should be quantified using indicators that take into account the productivity of a research unit. We provide a response to Abramo and D'Angelo, indicating where we believe they raise important issues, but also pointing out where we believe their claims to be too extreme.
Detection of H2O and evidence for TiO/VO in an ultra hot exoplanet atmosphere
Creators: name: Evans, Thomas M.
name: Sing, David K.
name: Wakeford, Hannah R.
name: Nikolov, Nikolay
name: Ballester, Gilda E.
name: Drummond, Benjamin
name: Kataria, Tiffany
name: Gibson, Neale P.
name: Amundsen, David S.
name: Spake, Jessica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a primary transit observation for the ultra hot (Teq~2400K) gas giant expolanet WASP-121b, made using the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 in spectroscopic mode across the 1.12-1.64 micron wavelength range. The 1.4 micron water absorption band is detected at high confidence (5.4 sigma) in the planetary atmosphere. We also reanalyze ground-based photometric lightcurves taken in the B, r', and z' filters. Significantly deeper transits are measured in these optical bandpasses relative to the near-infrared wavelengths. We conclude that scattering by high-altitude haze alone is unlikely to account for this difference, and instead interpret it as evidence for titanium oxide and vanadium oxide absorption. Enhanced opacity is also inferred across the 1.12-1.3 micron wavelength range, possibly due to iron hydride absorption. If confirmed, WASP-121b will be the first exoplanet with titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, and iron hydride detected in transmission. The latter are important species in M/L dwarfs, and their presence is likely to have a significant effect on the overall physics and chemistry of the atmosphere, including the production of a strong thermal inversion.
description: ApJL accepted
title: "so wurde die zala minnechlich" - die Erzählerexkurse der frühmittelhochdeutschen Genesis
Creators: name: König, Elisabeth
Year: 2022

description: Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der frühmittelhochdeutschen Genesis in der Überlieferung der Wiener Handschrift. Unter der Prämisse, dass der Text sowohl für ein theologisch gebildetes als auch für ein theologisch weniger gebildetes Publikum laienmönchischer Prägung geschrieben wurde, stellt sich die Frage, wie eine Übersetzung mit einer derartigen Diskursdoppelung umgeht. Über die Vulgata hinausgehende theologische Inhalte werden v.a. in den (Erzähler-)Exkursen vermittelt, deshalb wird im Vorfeld eine entsprechende Einteilung nach den Kriterien Tempus, Ein- bzw. Ausgang und Sprechhaltung vorgenommen. Die Übersetzung geht in zweifacher Weise vor, um nicht nur die biblische(n) Geschichte(n), sondern auch den dialogisch-geistlichen Diskurs abzubilden: Neben der Übersetzung, die die ,schöne Geschichte‘ wiedergibt, stellt der Kommentar als essentieller Teil der Übersetzungsmethode die theologischen Inhalte zur Verfügung. Beide Teile zusammen bilden den Anspruch der frühmittelhochdeutschen Genesis ab, die Erzählung für zwei unterschiedliche Publikumsschichten gleichzeitig sowohl angenehm als auch erbaulich zu machen: so wurde die zala minnechlich.
Measurement and Impact of Surface Transition Metal Contamination of Textured Multicrystalline Silicon Wafers
Creators: name: Buchholz, F.
name: Wefringhaus, E.
name: Eisert, S.
name: Egenolf, H.
name: Groß, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterisation and Modelling

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1187-1190
description: A method for transition metal sampling on the surface of as-cut and isotextured multicrystalline silicon
wafers that allows quick and easy sampling without clean room environment is presented. The obtained samples were
analysed via ICP-MS. The samples were tested for the presumably most harmful species identified from literature: Ag,
Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, and Ti. The method was applied to the isotexture process. The cleaning cascade after the
etching was investigated and it was found that initial as-cut wafers surface contamination is reduced significatly. As-cut
wafers were identified as main source of contamination of the isotexture etch bath. With the help of the measured
concentrations the enrichment of transition metals in the etch bath was simulated. Due to bleed/feed processing the
equilibrium of metal intake to the etch bath is reached after 6.000 – 10.000 wafers. Additionally, the cleaning efficiency
of standard cleaning procedures was studied. The influence of surface contamination on the oxidation step for a
SiO2/SiNx passivation stack was investigated and it was shown that surface contamination can vastly decrease the
lifetime of a wafer during a high temperature process.
Superintegrability of $d$-dimensional Conformal Blocks
Creators: name: Isachenkov, Mikhail
name: Schomerus, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe that conformal blocks of scalar 4-point functions in a $d$-dimensional conformal field theory can mapped to eigenfunctions of a 2-particle hyperbolic Calogero-Sutherland Hamiltonian. The latter describes two coupled Pöschl-Teller particles. Their interaction, whose strength depends smoothly on the dimension $d$, is known to be superintegrable. Our observation enables us to exploit the rich mathematical literature on Calogero-Sutherland models in deriving various results for conformal field theory. These include an explicit construction of conformal blocks in terms of Heckman-Opdam hypergeometric functions and a remarkable duality that relates the blocks of theories in different dimensions.
description: 5 pages
Cu Plated I-Perl Cells: Ageing and Humidity Reliability Tests
Creators: name: Labie, R.
name: Hernández, J.L.
name: Govaerts, J.
name: Allebé, C.
name: Tous, L.
name: Uruena, A.U.
name: Russell, R.
name: Gordon, I.
name: Baert, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1195-1198
description: In this work, a first reliability assessment of cells in which the standard Ag screen printed front
side metallization is replaced by electroplated Cu, is made. The thermal stability of Ti/Cu plated cells is
investigated in thermal ageing tests for a temperature range between 175 and 300oC. The time at which the
threshold value of 5% cell efficiency degradation occurs, follows a linear relationship in the Arrhenius plot. This
indicates a similar failure mechanism by thermal diffusion throughout this temperature range. The Cu cells are
also used for preparing 1-cell modules in order to test their resistance to oxidation in 85/85 test conditions. First
tests show a promising result of 4 out of 5 modules surviving 2000h of testing for unprotected Cu.
Reducing Ag Cost and Increasing Efficiency. Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells with Direct Plated Contacts Exceeding 17% Efficiency
Creators: name: Kray, D.
name: Bay, N.
name: Cimiotti, G.
name: Fritz, N.
name: Glatthaar, M.
name: Kleinschmidt, S.
name: Lösel, A.
name: Lühn, O.
name: Schramm-Moura, J.
name: Rodofili, A.
name: Träger, A.
name: Kühnlein, H.
name: Nussbaumer, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1199-1202
description: In the last months, Ag price has skyrocketed so that saving Ag has now a similar priority than
increasing the conversion efficiency of silicon wafer solar cells. In this paper we present the current status quo of
screen-printed solar cells in terms of Ag cost contribution and point out different ways to reduce this factor. Special
focus is directed onto direct plating Ni-Ag on laser-opened Si which allows for a strong decrease in Ag consumption.
An experimental study with industrial multicrystalline precursors shows that plating to the maximum efficiency is not
the best economic choice and that increasing the finger number and plating less metal is an effective measure to
decrease Ag cost. We can show that the main interest in laser-opening and direct plating is the saving of Ag, the
associated increase in efficiency is welcome but not mandatory for cost effectiveness.
Differences of Rear-Contact Area Formation between Laser Ablation and Etching Paste for PERC Solar Cells
Creators: name: Bähr, M.
name: Heinrich, G.
name: Doll, O.
name: Köhler, I.
name: Maier, C.
name: Lawerenz, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1203-1209
description: Key parameters in the manufacturing of the rear metallization for PERC solar cells are the thermal budget
within the firing process, the materials used, e.g. metallization paste, and the geometry of the rear-side openings. As a further
key parameter, the way of opening the dielectric passivation layers is investigated. Three different methods for locally
removing a dielectric layer were analyzed, including one approach by laser processing (using laser irradiation in a short and
ultrashort pulse length regime) and an other one by screen printing an etching paste. After locally removing the passivation
stack, the rear-side metallization was carried out by application of different Al pastes and firing profiles. From SEM pictures
and comparisons of the width of the local openings after structuring and after firing, different general statements were
deduced as about the influence of the structuring width, the influence of the firing profile or the relation of the method of
structuring with the formation of the contact area.
UV and X-Ray Variability of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy Ark 564
Creators: name: Ezhikode, Savithri H.
name: Dewangan, Gulab C.
name: Misra, Ranjeev
name: Tripathi, Shruti
name: Philip, Ninan Sajeeth
name: Kembhavi, Ajit K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse eight XMM-Newton observations of the bright Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxy Arakelian 564 (Ark 564). These observations, separated by ~6 days, allow us to look for correlations between the simultaneous UV emission (from the Optical Monitor) with not only the X-ray flux but also with the different X-ray spectral parameters. The X-ray spectra from all the observations are found to be adequately fitted by a double Comptonization model where the soft excess and the hard X-ray power law are represented by thermal Comptonization in a low temperature plasma and hot corona, respectively. Apart from the fluxes of each component, the hard X-ray power law index is found to be variable. These results suggest that the variability is associated with changes in the geometry of the inner region. The UV emission is found to be variable and well correlated with the high energy index while the correlations with the fluxes of each component are found to be weaker. Using viscous time-scale arguments we rule out the possibility that the UV variation is due to fluctuating accretion rate in the outer disc. If the UV variation is driven by X-ray reprocessing, then our results indicate that the strength of the X-ray reprocessing depends more on the geometry of the X-ray producing inner region rather than on the X-ray luminosity alone.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in RAA
On the Blistering of Al2O3 Passivation Layers for Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Vermang, B.
name: Lorenz, A.
name: Uruena, A.
name: Das, J.
name: Choulat, P.
name: Cornagliotti, E.
name: Rothschild, A.
name: John, J.
name: Poortmans, J.
name: Mertens, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1129-1131
description: Blister-free Al2O3-based surface passivation stacks for p-type Si passivated emitter and rear cells
(PERCs) are developed. Measuring the blistering area and effective surface recombination velocity, it is shown that
using (i) an Al2O3 layer ≤ 10 nm and (ii) out-gassing this Al2O3 film above 600 °C prior to capping is necessary.
These blister-free Al2O3-based stacks are implemented as rear surface passivation for p-type Si PERC: 148.25 cm2
screen-printed cells with an average efficiency of 19.0 % have been made. There is an obvious gain in open circuit
voltage of 5 mV compared to SiOx passivated PERC, thanks to enhanced rear surface passivation.
The Influence of Contact Geometry and Sub-Contact Passivation on the Performance of Screen-Printed Al2O3 Passivated Solar Cells
Creators: name: Lauermann, T.
name: Zuschlag, A.
name: Scholz, S.
name: Hahn, G.
name: Terheiden, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1137-1143
description: This paper evaluates possibilities to passivate the semiconductor-metal interface present at the contact
sites of large-area PERC-type solar cells to minimize recombination losses at the rear side. It focuses on the contact
and BSF formation by local alloying of screen printed Al in a belt furnace process and methods to limit the
detrimental lateral Si transport away from the contact sites.
The influence of different contact geometries and the resulting local BSF formation on the IV performance on cell
level is assessed. For this purpose, 125×125 mm2 p-type Cz-Si solar cells are processed with a screen printing based
solar cell process where Al2O3 is used as rear side dielectric and a variety of rear contacting patterns is implemented.
Firing Stability of SiNy / SiNx Surface Passivation Stacks for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Gatz, S.
name: Einsele, F.
name: Dullweber, T.
name: Brendel, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1132-1136
description: In this study, we investigate amorphous silicon nitride passivation stacks in order to combine the excellent
surface passivation of amorphous silicon with the excellent firing stability of silicon nitride layers. Structural and
lifetime investigations show that these stacks provide an excellent surface passivation quality after a firing step with
effective surface recombination velocities of (5.2 ± 2) cm/s on p-type (1.5 Ωcm) FZ-silicon wafers at an injection density
n = 1015 cm−3. The increased bonding strength of hydrogen in the amorphous silicon nitride network is confirmed by
hydrogen effusion measurements. Moreover the beneficial effect by a silicon nitride capping layer is underlined. We
apply these passivation stacks to the rear of solar cells using p-type boron-doped Cz- and FZ-silicon wafers. After local
laser ablation of the dielectrics and full-area metallization of the rear we achieve energy conversion efficiencies up to
19.4 % on laboratory-type solar cells and 18.3 % on industrial-type solar cells with screen-printed contacts compared to
reference solar cells with conventional aluminum back surface field showing 17.9 %.
Co-Diffusion from Boron Doped Oxide and POCl3
Creators: name: Bazer-Bachi, B.
name: Oliver, C.
name: Semmache, B.
name: Pellegrin, Y.
name: Gauthier, M.
name: Le Quang, N.
name: Lemiti, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1155-1159
description: We present an innovative process for n-type silicon solar cells fabrication. Based on the co-diffusion of
phosphorus and boron, a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of borosilicate glass (BSG) serves as boron
source, whereas POCl3 liquid source is used as phosphorus source. We first study the effect of the BSG deposition
parameters on the boron doping results. This reveals that not only the boron precursor (trimethylborate) is important
to obtain high doping but also the boron diffusion temperature. We then produce multicrystalline silicon solar cells to
study the effect of the boron diffusion temperature and of a low temperature oxidation step introduced after diffusion
to remove the boron rich layer. Finally, we demonstrate the feasibility of the co-diffusion for the realization of n-type
silicon solar cells.
19.5% Efficient n-Type Si Solar Cells Made in Production
Creators: name: Burgers, A.R.
name: Geerligs, L.J.
name: Carr, A.J.
name: Gutjahr, A.
name: Saynova, D.S.
name: Li, L.
name: Zhuo, X.
name: Hongfang, W.
name: Haijiao, A.
name: Hu, H.
name: Venema, P.R.
name: Vlooswijk, A.H.G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1144-1147
description: We present the status of our process development of silicon solar cells on n-type base material, and
progress towards its industrial implementation. Independently confirmed efficiencies for Cz of 19.5% (239 cm2) have
been obtained. To our knowledge these are the highest industrial scale efficiencies obtained with processing based on
homogeneous emitter and screen-printing. We present an update of our process development, including efficiency
improvements.
Analysis of Processing Steps for Industrial Large Area n-Type Solar Cells with Screen Printed Aluminum-Alloyed Rear Emitter and Selective FSF
Creators: name: Book, F.
name: Wiedenmann, T.
name: Gloger, S.
name: Raabe, B.
name: Schubert, G.
name: Plagwitz, H.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1160-1163
description: Applying the standard process for p-type solar cells to n-type silicon results in a “PhosTop” solar cell
with a screen printed alloyed aluminum emitter on the rear side [1]. This cell concept can be improved by adding a
selective FSF and a SiO2/PECVD SiNx stack passivation layer, resulting in a highest confirmed stable efficiency of
19.4 % for 6” n-type Cz-Si solar cells [2]. Besides a very low front SRV, this cell concept also demands for a very
high bulk lifetime. We therefore analyze the change of bulk lifetime and conductivity after each high temperature
process step in the applied cell process. Furthermore we investigate the current generation from the unprinted wafer
edge with no emitter.
Improving the Front Passivation of n-Type Solar Cells Using an Organosilicon Precursor
Creators: name: Silva, J.A.
name: Gauthier, M.
name: Cojocaru, A.
name: Hody, H.
name: Olivier, C.
name: Quoizola, S.
name: Semmache, B.
name: Hernandez, E.
name: Thomas, L.
name: Lemiti, M.
name: Massines, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2161-2164
description: -
21.7 % Efficient PERC Solar Cells with AlOx Tunneling Layer
Creators: name: Zielke, D.
name: Petermann, J.H.
name: Werner, F.
name: Veith-Wolf, B.
name: Brendel, R.
name: Schmidt, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1115-1119
description: A plasma-assisted atomic-layer-deposited aluminum oxide (AlOx) layer is implemented as a
passivating tunnel layer between the aluminum contact grid and the phosphorus-diffused n+-emitter of a passivated
emitter and rear cell (PERC). The nominal AlOx layer thickness is varied between 0 and 0.96 nm. We determine
experimentally an optimal AlOx layer thickness of 0.24 nm leading to an independently confirmed efficiency of
21.7 % and an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 673 mV. Compared to the best Voc of a PERC solar cell without an AlOx
layer we achieve an improvement in Voc of 12 mV clearly proving the excellent contact passivation effect of the AlOx
layer. For PERC solar cells with an AlOx layer thicker than 0.24 nm the series resistance increases due to the
decreasing tunneling probability.
20.9%-Efficient Bifacial Isotype Solar Cell
Creators: name: Simashkevich, A.
name: Sherban, D.
name: Bruc, L.
name: Rusu, M.
name: Wiesner, S.
name: Abaskin, V.
name: Harea, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2288-2291
description: The optimization ways and related photovoltaic parameters of the mono- and bi-facial solar cells based
on n+ITO-SiO2-nSi isotype structures are presented. A technique for texturing the surface of silicon wafers oriented in
(100) plane to form a regular pattern of inverted pyramids as well as irregular topography patterns was developed.
The efficiency of the solar cells with monofacial sensitivity from silicon wafers with the surface patterned in the form
of inverted pyramids was increased from 10.1 to 15.8%, which is by more than 5% higher compared to the efficiency
of the solar cells with unstructured silicon surface. For solar cells with bifacial sensitivity, the total efficiency was
increased from 12.6 to 15.7% for the case of irregular patterned silicon surface and up to 20.9% in the case of the
regular patterned silicon surface. The developed and applied technique for the structurization of the surface of silicon
wafers for solar cell devices resulted in an efficiency increase to up to 15.8% for monofacial and up to 20.9% for
bifacial solar cells.
Comparison of associated Higgs boson-radion and Higgs boson pair production processes
Creators: name: Boos, E.
name: Keizerov, S.
name: Rakhmetov, E.
name: Svirina, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many models, in particular, the brane-world models with two branes, predict the existence of the scalar radion, whose mass can be somewhat smaller than those of all the Kaluza-Klein modes of the graviton and Standard Model (SM) particles. Due to its origin the radion interacts with the trace of the energy-momentum tensor of the SM. The fermion part of the radion interaction Lagrangian is different from that for the SM Higgs boson due to the presence of additional terms playing a role for off-shell fermions. It was shown previously that for the case of the single radion and single Higgs boson production processes in association with an arbitrary number of SM gauge bosons all the contributions to the perturbative amplitudes appearing due to these additional terms were cancelled out making the processes similar up to a replacement of masses and overall coupling constants. For the case of the associated Higgs boson-radion and the Higgs boson pair production processes involving the SM gauge bosons the similarity property also takes place. However a detailed consideration shows that in this case it is not enough to replace simply the masses and the constants ($m_h \rightarrow m_r$ and $v \rightarrow Λ_r$). One should also rescale the triple Higgs coupling by the factor $ξ\equiv 1 + \frac{m_r^2 - m_h^2}{3m_h^2}$.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Weakly Coupled Oscillators in a Slowly Varying World
Creators: name: Park, Youngmin
name: Ermentrout, Bard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We extend the theory of weakly coupled oscillators to incorporate slowly varying inputs and parameters. We employ a combination of regular perturbation and an adiabatic approximation to derive equations for the phase-difference between a pair of oscillators. We apply this to the simple Hopf oscillator and then to a biophysical model. The latter represents the behavior of a neuron that is subject to slow modulation of a muscarinic current such as would occur during transient attention through cholinergic activation. Our method extends and simplifies the recent work of Kurebayashi (Physical Review Letters, 111, 214101, 2013) to include coupling. We apply the method to an all-to-all network and show that there is a waxing and waning of synchrony of modulated neurons.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures
Letter from Mary Butts to Douglas Goldring, December (?) 1934
Creators: name: Butts, Mary, 1890-1937
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Goldring, Hugh
subject: Butts, Mary, 1890-1937
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/144414
subject: Goldring, Douglas, 1887-1960
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1798259
subject: Places referenced (in letter): England--Cornwall--Sennen Cove
subject: People referenced (in letter): Butts, Mary, 1890-1937; Goldring, Douglas, 1887-1960; Goldring, Hugh; Gaby (Atkin, Gabriel?); Harrington

description: Mary Butts writes to Douglas Goldring regarding the most recent news about Hugh Goldring and the Maples . Sent from (location): England--Cornwall--Sennen Cove
Effective Approximation and Diophantine Applications
Creators: name: Dill, Gabriel Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D41, 11D45, 11D57, 11J68

description: Using the Thue-Siegel method, we obtain effective improvements on Liouville's irrationality measure for certain one-parameter families of algebraic numbers, defined by equations of the type $(t-a)Q(t)+P(t)=0$. We apply these to some corresponding Diophantine equations. We obtain bounds for the size of solutions, which depend polynomially on $a$, and bounds for the number of these solutions, which are independent of $a$ and in some cases even independent of the degree of the equation.
description: 29 pages
RESISTIRE D4.4: Summary report on qualitative indicators
Creators: name: Kent, Alexandra
name: Strid, Sofia
name: Sandström, Lina
name: Callerstig, Anne-Charlotte
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Qualitative research
COVID-19
gender+
Inequalities
Narrative Interviews

description: The aim of RESISTIRÉ is to understand the unequal impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak and its policy and societal responses on behavioural, social and economic inequalities and to work towards individual and societal resilience. RESISTIRÉ does so by collecting and analysing policy data, quantitative data and qualitative data in the EU27 (except Malta), Iceland, Serbia, Turkey and the UK, and translating these into insights to be used for designing, devising and piloting solutions for improved policies and social innovations, which in turn can be deployed by policymakers, stakeholders and actors in the field across different policy domains. This project process is repeated in three cycles, each step and cycle feeding the next one.
 Throughout the course of the three project cycles, research has consistently shown that already vulnerable and marginalised groups have become even more vulnerable and marginalised; existing inequalities have increased, and new ones have emerged (Axelsson et al. 2021; Cibin et al. 2021, 2022; 2023; Harroche et al. 2023; Sandström et al. 2022, 2023; Stovell et al. 2021, 2022).
 This report summarises the main findings from each of the three research cycles of qualitative indications of inequalities (previously published in Axelsson et al., 2021, Sandström et al. 2022, and Sandström et al. 2023). In total, it builds on 793 narratives from interviews with 741 individuals about their personal experiences during COVID-19, 14 pan-European workshops with 209 inequality experts and representatives from civil society, public authorities, and academia, and 71 semi-structured interviews with experts in public authorities. The areas where the impact of the pandemic outbreak on inequalities were explored are drawn from the policy domains in the EU Gender Equality Strategy (EC, 2020), and the fundamental human rights and environmental justice domains (the latter from the Beijing Platform for Action, 1995) including: gender-based violence; work and labour market; economy, gender pay and pension gap; gender care gap, decision-making and politics, environmental justice and human and fundamental rights.
Development and Implementation of 19 % Rear Passivation and Local Contact Centaurus Technology
Creators: name: Münzer, K.A.
name: Schöne, J.
name: Hein, M.
name: Teppe, A.
name: Schlosser, R.E.
name: Hanke, M.
name: Maier, J.
name: Varner, K.
name: Keller, S.
name: Fath, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2292-2297
description: With the aim of an improved solar cell performance and simultaneously an industrial feasible fabrication
technology rear side passivation and local contacts in combination with laser diffused selective emitter were developed.
Several physical impacts of major importance were investigated for a further advancement of this technology. An
optimization of the light confinement resulted in a combination of front side texture and rear side polishing, because very
smooth or polished rear surfaces showed improved reflection as well as better dielectric passivation in combination with the
local BSF than rough or textured surfaces. By optimizing the rear side Al-LBSFR designs a best practicable trade-off
between high fill factors versus short circuit current and open circuit voltage was found. Moreover, the reduced saturation
currents of the passivated rear side became even more obvious in combination with decreased saturation currents of blue
responsive emitters and thus enabled higher open circuit voltages. Lower temperature coefficients were also measured and in
combination with the reflection and missing absorption of the light at the rear surface lower module temperatures and hence
increased module power output under operating conditions are obtainable.
By application on 156mmx156mm Cz cells solar cell efficiencies of 19.5 % were reached under laboratory conditions. In
first test runs in production environment best solar cell efficiencies of 19.0 % were achieved under non-adapted production
conditions. Solar modules were assembled using the new developed rear passivated solar cells and the most meaningful
environmental tests as damp heat, humidity freeze and thermal cycling have already been passed successfully.