cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anaspis Geoffroy 1762
Creators: name: Johnston, M. Andrew
name: Naczi, Robert F. C.
name: Gimmel, Matthew L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scraptiidae
Anaspis

description: Anaspis Geoffroy, 1762
[~200 species; Holarctic and Afrotropical]
 Anaspis (Anaspis) Geoffroy, 1762 Anaspis Geoffroy 1762: 315. Type species: Mordella frontalis Linnaeus, 1758, designated by ICZN plenary powers in Opinion 1273 (ICZN 1984). Presbytes Gistel 1848: 411. Type species: Mordella frontalis Linnaeus, 1758, by original monotypy. Note: Gistel (1848) described this junior objective synonym with the note after introducing Anaspis, “deren Namen verändert werden muss, weil das Weibchen einen gabelförmigen Anhang hat” (“whose name has to be changed because the female has a forked appendage”).
 Plesianaspis Costa 1854: 28. Type species: Mordella thoracica Linnaeus, 1758, by subsequent designation (Leblanc et al. 2008: 460). Synonymized with Anaspis Geoffroy by Lacordaire (1859: 613). Note: This genus-group name has been recognized as a synonym of Anaspis sensu stricto since Lacordaire (1859). Though Leblanc et al. (2008) did not indicate a new type designation, we have not located any earlier catalogs or checklists that give a type species.
 Anaspis (Larisia) Emery, 1876
 Anaspis (Larisia) Emery 1876: 13. Type species: Silaria chevrolati Mulsant, 1856, by subsequent designation (Ermisch 1950a: 91). Note: Leblanc et al. (2008: 463) and Iwan and Kubisz (2020: 636) cited the type species as Anaspis rufitarsis Lucas, 1854, the first of seven species included in the original account of Larisia. However, an earlier designation of a different type species was given by Ermisch (1950a) cited above. No type species were indicated in the checklist of Csiki (1915) and we found no other publications from the intervening time that may have designated a different type species.
 Anaspis (Nassipa) Emery, 1876
 Anaspis (Nassipa) Emery 1876: 13. Type species: Mordella flava Linnaeus, 1758, by subsequent designation (Ermisch 1950a: 90).
 Anaspis (Pinassa) Ermisch, 1950
 Anaspis (Pinassa) Ermisch 1950b: 73. Type species: Anaspis angustata Ermisch, 1950, by original designation.
 Anaspis (Silaria) Mulsant, 1856
 Silaria Mulsant 1856: 391, 426 [Note: Most checklists repeat a typo from Csiki (1915) citing page 39]. Type species: Silaria brunnipes Mulsant, 1856, by subsequent designation (Ermisch 1950a: 91).
 Anaspis (Spanisa) Emery, 1876
 Anaspis (Spanisa) Emery 1876: 13. Type species: Anaspis labiata Costa, 1854, by subsequent designation (Ermisch 1950a: 91).
description: Published as part of Johnston, M. Andrew, Naczi, Robert F. C. & Gimmel, Matthew L., 2024, Review of North American Scraptiidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea), with a Catalog of World Genera, pp. 171-200 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 78 (2) on page 189, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-78.2.171, http://zenodo.org/record/13243902
Non-stationary time series, linear interpolators and outliers
Creators: name: Baragona, R.
Publisher: name: Dep. of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati", Università di Bologna
Year: 2013

description: We define the linear interpolator for a class of discrete-parameter real valued non-stationary time series. We assume that a linear time-invariant filter exists so that the filtered time series is second-order stationary. Methods for estimating the time-invariant weights of the linear interpolator are examined and consistent estimates are derived. The usefulness of the linear interpolator for missing values estimation and multiple outliers detection is discussed.
description: Statistica; Vol 58, No 3 (1998)
When big data gets messy: 40 million patent compounds in PubChem
Creators: name: Southan, Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: patents, chemistry

description: Presented at BioITWorld, Boston, May 2022, Track 3 When IBM deposited their first 2.5. million open compounds automatically extracted from patent documents into PubChem in 2012 few would have predicted this would expand to over 40 million including contributions from SureChEMBL, WIPO and Google Patents. However, assessments indicate this to be part novel SAR treasure trove and part chemical junk yard, thus presenting users with the challenge of discriminating between the two. This presentation will present data analysis results from inside PubChem that will assist in this task.
title: The Cultural and Charitable Role of Pearl Traders in the UAE in the Ninth Decade of the Twentieth Century (The poet Sultan bin Ali Al Owais, and Juma Al-Majid as models/ Halima Ali Al Naqbi
Creators: name: Al Naqbi, Halima Ali
Publisher: name: National Library and Archives
Year: 2022
Subjects: Merchants - United Arab Emirates - 20th Century

This article is translated from Arabic to English in the same issue in page146. Pearl traders played a major role, especially in the early nineteenth century, in bringing about a cultural renaissance in their countries after witnessing aspects of the civilizational renaissance and advancement in the countries they visited and wishing their countries would at least share a slight amount of such civilizational progress. They established schools and endured their full expenses in their firm belief that education and scientific progress are fundamental pillars of any civilization. Thus, we will try in this paper to shed lights on the participation of two leading figures in this respect who are included as an outstanding example but not limited to those who have deployed their wealth in support of education, culture, philanthropic and charitable work. The leading figures in notes are: Sultan bin Ali Al Owais (1952-2000) a poet, a merchant and a philanthropic figure; Juma Almajid (1930) a pearl merchant, a culture advocate and a distinguished philanthropic figure.
Static Type Determination and Aliasing for C++
Creators: name: Pande, Hemant D.
name: Ryder, Barbara G.
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 1990

description: Static type determination involves compile time calculation of the type of object a pointer may point to, at a particular program point during some execution. We show that the problem of precise interprocedural type determination is NP-hard in the presence of inheritance, virtual functions, and pointers. We highlight the significance of type determination in improving code efficiency and precision of other static analyses. First, we present a safe, approximate type determination algorithm for C++ programs with single level pointers, using the conditional analysis technique [LR91]. Then we present a generalization of this approach to simultaneously solve the aliasing and type determination problems for C++ programs with multiple levels of pointer dereferencing, and explain why this is a more complicated analysis.
Additive and innovational outliers in autoregressive time series: a unified bayesian approach
Creators: name: Barbieri, M. M.
Publisher: name: Dep. of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati", Università di Bologna
Year: 2013

description: A Bayesian approach is adopted to the analysis of autoregressive time series subject to outliers. Additive and innovational outliers are considered as particular cases of a mixed generating model, which allows one to handle situations in which there may be an unknown number of outliers of unknown type. In the paper an exact form of the likelihood function is used and stationarity of the model is enforced. The computational problems are solved using a version of the single component Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. The method proposed allows one to obtain all posterior summaries of interest including also the posterior probability that each observation is an outlier of additive and innovational type. An example with a real data set illustrates the usefulness of the methodology.
description: Statistica; Vol 58, No 3 (1998)
title: Universal Jurisdiction in Absentia Before Domestic Courts Prosecuting International Crimes
title: A Suitable Weapon to Fight Impunity?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kluwen, Tim
Publisher: name: Institut für Völker- und Europarecht, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
Year: 2017

description: This article addresses the legality and desirability of States asserting universal jurisdiction without the suspect being present on their territory when prosecuting international crimes before domestic courts. First the legality under international law of States asserting universal jurisdiction in absentia (or absolute universal jurisdiction) will be discussed. No comprehensive regulation in this regard appears to exist in codified international law. Based on State practice, it would seem that no customary law either fully permits or entirely prohibits States asserting absolute universal jurisdiction. Applying the Lotus paradigm, it could arguably be concluded that the lack of a prohibition under international law results in States being allowed to assert universal jurisdiction in absentia when prosecuting certain international crimes. Having established its legality, this article will consequently approach absolute universal jurisdiction from a normative point of view, i.e. whether States should assert it. Although a tool in ending impunity of perpetrators of international crimes, it will be concluded that it is undesirable for States to assert absolute universal jurisdiction. Its use is likely to compromise fundamental rights of the accused and has a destabilizing effect on international relations while only suboptimally serving the goals of criminal prosecution.
description: Goettingen Journal of International Law ; Vol. 8, no. 1, page 7-38
Distribution and interpolation revisited: a structural approach
Creators: name: Proietti, T.
Publisher: name: Dep. of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati", Università di Bologna
Year: 2013

description: The paper revisits the traditional problem of distributing an annual aggregate over the seasonal periods and of interpolating an annual series when information on related series is available. Our approach relies upon the vector of seasons representation of a multivariate SUTSE model for the aggregate series and the indicators. It is argued that a more careful consideration is attributed to the time series properties of the variables involved, and important features, such as seasonal cointegration, can be brought into the interpolation and distribution process.
description: Statistica; Vol 58, No 3 (1998)
Twiggy Forrest donation: more philanthropy means more risk-taking - and that's good
Creators: name: Seibert, Krystian
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Monday’s announcement by mining magnate Andrew Forrest and his wife, Nicola, that they will commit A$400 million toward a range of causes was an important day for Australian philanthropy. The size of the philanthropic commitment – Australia’s largest ever by living donors – certainly drew attention, as did the direction of the funds toward ambitious initiatives. There’s $75 million for a global drive to end modern slavery. Another $75 million will be directed to develop a new blueprint for child development in Australia and beyond. The announcement again highlighted that philanthropy in Australia really is coming of age.
Detecting undeclared target zones within the European Monetary System
Creators: name: Cavaliere, G.
Publisher: name: Dep. of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati", Università di Bologna
Year: 2013

description: International agreements such as the European Monetary System require the exchange rates to lie inside target zones. In particular, when the bands are sufficiently large, monetary Authorities could intervene in order to defend a specific and generally undeclared target zone which is different from the institutional target zone. In this paper the existence of such undeclared target zones is investigated by developing a statistical procedure within the framework of the theory of reflected Brownian motions. In order to evaluate Central Banks interventions, a test for the null hypothesis of no undeclared target zones is suggested. By analyzing the EMS exchange rates it arises that only a few Central Banks defend the institutional target zone, while the others defend narrower bands.
description: Statistica; Vol 58, No 3 (1998)
Indicatori tecnici e volatilità di serie storiche finanziarie
Creators: name: Gallo, G. M.
name: Pacini, B.
Publisher: name: Dep. of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati", Università di Bologna
Year: 2013

description: The econometric analysis of financial markets has recently focussed on the effects of possible non-linearities in the returns time series for the market efficiency hypothesis. In fact, one of the empirical regularities next to the lack of autocorrelation in the returns is the time dependence in positive-valued non-linear functions of the returns themselves. The lack of independence in the returns signals that there exists a structure which calls for deeper economic interpretation and statistical analysis. In this paper we focus on the link between the tools used by technical analysts and widely popular among traders to isolate the most suitable moments to purchase or sell securities, and the econometric/statistical methodology used to study conditional volatility of returns. In particular we want to analyze whether the presence of a consensus on the short-run trend of prices translates into an impact on volatility introducing asymmetric effects whether the technical signals relate to sales or purchases. The applications are performed on daily data from the New York Stock Exchange.
description: Statistica; Vol 58, No 3 (1998)
title: The International Responsibility of Non-State Armed Groups
title: In Search of the Applicable Rules
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Heffes, Ezequiel
name: Frenkel, Brian E.
Publisher: name: Institut für Völker- und Europarecht, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
Year: 2017

description: In the last few decades, the role of non-state armed groups has become an essential topic of analysis and discussion to better understand international humanitarian law dynamics. While their increasing importance is uncontroversial, their place and regulation in specific areas of international law still remains unclear or insufficiently explored. Chief among these is the possible non-state armed groups’ international responsibility. Although it is undisputed that some of these entities breach their international law obligations, others seemingly engage with certain rules on the topic. This article addresses some legal consequences of such scenarios. Taking into account the principle of equality of belligerents in noninternational armed conflicts, two issues are dealt with: i) the existence of “nonstate” organs that could trigger the attribution of violations of international rules to non-state armed groups; ii) possible reparations owed by these non-state entities for their breaches during armed conflicts.
description: Goettingen Journal of International Law ; Vol. 8, no. 1, page 39-72
Stima via simulazione e calibrazione: confronto fra stimatori alternativi di equazioni differenziali stocastiche uni-dimensionali
Creators: name: Cleur, E. M.
name: Manfredi, P.
Publisher: name: Dep. of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati", Università di Bologna
Year: 2013

description: A simulation based approach is used to compare the performances of some estimators of the drift parameters of selected one-dimensional Stochastic Differential Equations (SDE), namely a maximum likelihood estimator, a naive estimator and an indirect estimator. These estimators are tested on the most classical models of the recent financial literature and on a classical SDE of population dynamics. First, the need for well generated data is evidenced. Second, our results clearly show the role of an indirect estimation procedure as a general strategy to be used in all those circumstances in which the optimal experimental conditions are not satisfied.
description: Statistica; Vol 58, No 3 (1998)
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Produced by Human Umbilical Tissue-derived Cells (hUTC) Is Required for its Effect on Hippocampal Dendritic Differentiation
Creators: name: Alder, Janet
name: Kramer, Brian C.
name: Hoskin, Casey
name: Thakker-Varia, Smita
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Cell therapy
Dendritic differentiation
Growth factor
Neurotrophin
Synaptogenesis

description: The potential for non-embryonic cells to promote differentiation of neuronal cells has therapeutic implications for regeneration of neurons damaged by stroke or injury and avoids many ethical and safety concerns. We assessed the capacity of human umbilical tissue-derived cells (hUTC) and human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) to enhance differentiation of rodent hippocampal neurons. Coculture of hippocampal cells with hUTC or hMSC in transwell inserts for 3 days resulted in increase of several dendritic parameters including the number and length of primary dendrites. The effect of hUTC or hMSC on dendritic maturation was only apparent on neurons grown for two weeks in vitro prior to co-culture. Changes in dendritic morphology in the presence of hUTC were also accompanied by increased expression of the presynaptic marker synaptotagmin and the postsynaptic marker postsynaptic density protein 95kD (PSD95) suggesting that there may also be an increase in the number of synapses formed in the presence of hUTC. The effect of hUTC and hMSC on hippocampal cells in co-culture was comparable to those induced by treatment with recombinant human BDNF (rhBDNF) implying that a similar factor may be released from hUTC or hMSC. Analysis of hUTC conditioned medium by ELISA demonstrated that BDNF was indeed secreted. An antibody that blocks the actions of BDNF partially inhibited the actions of hUTC on dendritic morphology suggesting that BDNF is at least one of the factors secreted from the cells to promote dendritic maturation. These results indicate that hUTC secrete biologically active BDNF which can affect dendritic morphology.
The Role of Sarcopenic Obesity in Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease: A Synthesis of the Evidence on Pathophysiological Aspects and Clinical Implications
Creators: name: Silveira, Erika Aparecida
name: Da Silva Filho, Rômulo Roosevelt
name: Spexoto, Maria Claudia Bernardes
name: Haghighatdoost, Fahimeh
name: Sarrafzadegan, Nizal
name: De Oliveira, Cesar
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2021

description: Obesity is globally a serious public health concern and is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and various types of cancers. It is important to evaluate various types of obesity, such as visceral and sarcopenic obesity. The evidence on the associated risk of CVD, cancer and sarcopenic obesity, including pathophysiological aspects, occurrence, clinical implications and survival, needs further investigation. Sarcopenic obesity is a relatively new term. It is a clinical condition that primarily affects older adults. There are several endocrine-hormonal, metabolic and lifestyle aspects involved in the occurrence of sarcopenic obesity that affect pathophysiological aspects that, in turn, contribute to CVD and neoplasms. However, there is no available evidence on the role of sarcopenic obesity in the occurrence of CVD and cancer and its pathophysiological interplay. Therefore, this review aims to describe the pathophysiological aspects and the clinical and epidemiological evidence on the role of sarcopenic obesity related to the occurrence and mortality risk of various types of cancer and cardiovascular disease. This literature review highlights the need for further research on sarcopenic obesity to demonstrate the interrelation of these various associations.
GMM and continuous time Markov processes: a Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: Di Iorio, F.
Publisher: name: Dep. of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati", Università di Bologna
Year: 2013

description: The main problem with the analysis of a Stochastic Differential Equations (SDE) is that the data are observed in discrete time and the Markov process, solution of the SDE is known exactly only for particularly cases. It is possible to obtain a SDE computational tractable approximated solution based on some discretization scheme, e.g the Eulero-scheme. The estimation conducted through an econometric model based on these approximations leads to biased estimate of the parameters of interest. This bias can be corrected by using "Simulation Based" methods. In this paper a GMM estimator, based on Hansen and Scheinkman (1995) moment conditions for continuous-time Markov processes, is proposed. For this estimator the solution of SDE in not required. The GMM estimator proposed is consistent asymptotically normal and its covariance matrix is also presented.
description: Statistica; Vol 58, No 3 (1998)
Estimating intertemporal quadratic adjustment cost models with integrated processes: a VAR approach
Creators: name: Fanelli, L.
Publisher: name: Dep. of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati", Università di Bologna
Year: 2013

description: This paper extends the existing literature on linear quadratic adjustment cost (LQAC) models under rational expectations to the inferential issue arising when: (I) agents optimize with respect to a vector of endogenous variables; (II) the behavioral equation stemming from the agent's optimization problem are specified as 'exact' rational expectations models; (III) the stochastic processes involved are integrated of order one. We focus on estimation in e 'full-information' framework, and the key assumption is that agents compute expectations through a cointegrated VAR (CVAR) for the observable variables.
description: Statistica; Vol 58, No 3 (1998)
Inclusive growth and gender inequality in Asia’s labor markets
Creators: name: Zveglich, Joseph E.
name: Rodgers, Yana
Publisher: name: Routledge
Year: 2014
Subjects: GDP growth
Gender gap
Labor force partcipation
Development
Gender inequality
Asia

description: This chapter examines gender inequality in labor markets in Asia and the Pacific, with a focus on the structural drivers of women’s labor force participation. Demographic survey data indicate that in Asia’s lower-income countries, economic necessity is an important push factor behind women’s employment. Also, being married and having young children both reduce the likelihood that a woman is employed. In a separate analysis for Taipei,China, this disincentive effect from young children on women’s employment has increased over time. These results point to the importance of policies that support women’s roles as caregivers while they are employed in market-based activities.
Il monitoraggio della povertà e della sua dinamica: questioni di misura e evidenze empiriche
Creators: name: Trivellato, U.
Publisher: name: Dep. of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati", Università di Bologna
Year: 2013

description: The paper presents a broad overview of issues on the measurement of poverty in developed countries, and chiefly in Italy, as well empirical evidence on the trends and the dynamics of poverty in Italy in the period 1980-97. In section 2 recent advances in monitoring poverty in Italy, largely inspired by the International Standard of Poverty Line, are outlined. Some selected measurement issues are then discussed, i.e.: (I) income or consumption as the reference variable; (II) equivalence scales; (III) using the scale for setting the poverty line; (IV) choice of the location measure to anchor the line. In section 3, the attention is shifted to the analysis of poverty dynamics. After a cursory review of the main methodological approaches, the focus is on empirical analy-ses on the dynamics of poverty in Italy, 1989-1993, carried out on panel data from the Bank of Italy Survey on Savings and Income.
description: Statistica; Vol 58, No 4 (1998)
title: Navigating the science policy interface: a co-created mind-map to support early career research contributions to policy-relevant evidence
Creators: name: Washbourne, Carla-Leanne
name: Murali, Ranjini
name: Saidi, Nada
name: Peter, Sophie
name: Pisa, Paola Fontanella
name: Sarzynski, Thuan
name: Ryu, Hyeonju
name: Filyushkina, Anna
name: Campagne, Carole Sylvie
name: Kadykalo, Andrew N.
name: Ávila-Flores, Giovanni
name: Amiar, Taha
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biodiversity
subject: Boundary organizations
subject: Capacity building
subject: Ecosystem services
subject: Science-policy interface
subject: Implementation science
subject: Evidence
subject: 333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie

description: The interface between science and policy is a complex space, in theory and practice, that sees the interaction of various actors and perspectives coming together to enable policy-relevant evidence to support decision-making. Early Career Researchers (ECRs) are increasingly interested in working at the science-policy interface to support evidence-informed policy, with the number of opportunities to do so increasing at national and international levels. However, there are still many challenges limiting ECRs participation, not least how such a complex space can be accessed and navigated. While recommendations for engaging at the science-policy interface already exist, a practical ‘map’ of the science-policy interface landscape which would allow for ECR participation in evidence co-production and synthesis in science-policy is missing. With the purpose of facilitating the engagement of ECRs producing biodiversity and ecosystem services policy-relevant evidence at the interface between science and policy, the authors have co-created a ‘mind-map’—a tool to review the landscape of and leverage access to the science-policy interface. This tool was developed through reviewing published literature, collating personal experiences of the ECR authors, and validating against wider peer perspectives in an ECR workshop during the 7th Plenary of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). This co-created tool sees ECR engagement in (co-)producing evidence at the science-policy interface as an interaction of three main factors: the environment of the ECR, which mediates their acts of engagement at the science-policy interface leading to outcomes that will ultimately have a reciprocal impact on the ECR’s environment.
Metriche nell'analisi dei dati simbolici
Creators: name: Rizzi, A.
Publisher: name: Dep. of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati", Università di Bologna
Year: 2013

description: In this paper the Author first considers the symbolic data analysis and the variables that one studies in this context.
For every one of these variables (boolean, assertions, mother-daughter with taxo-nomic domain), it is defined a particular measure of proximity. Every one of these measures it is defined in the interval 0-1. These metrics are compared with the metric of Ichino-Yaguchi and Diday-De Carvalho. These different metrics are summarized with the arithmetic mean or, more in general, with the Minkowski metric.
description: Statistica; Vol 58, No 4 (1998)
Striganaspis Ermisch 1950
Creators: name: Johnston, M. Andrew
name: Naczi, Robert F. C.
name: Gimmel, Matthew L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Mordellidae
Striganaspis

description: Striganaspis Ermisch, 1950
[1 species; DR Congo]
 Striganaspis Ermisch 1950b: 87. Type species: Striganaspis congoana Ermisch, 1950, by original designation.
description: Published as part of Johnston, M. Andrew, Naczi, Robert F. C. & Gimmel, Matthew L., 2024, Review of North American Scraptiidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea), with a Catalog of World Genera, pp. 171-200 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 78 (2) on page 189, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-78.2.171, http://zenodo.org/record/13243902
Enzymatic digestibility and pretreatment degradation products of AFEX-treated hardwoods (Populus nigra)
Creators: name: da Costa Sousa, Leonardo
name: Chundawat, Shishir P. S.
name: Balan, Venkatesh
name: Sharma, Lekh N.
name: Chambliss, Charles Kevin
name: Marshall, Derek
name: Dale, Bruce E.
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Corn stover
Poplar
AFEX pretreatment
Enzymatic hydrolysis
Lignocellulose

description: There is a growing need to find alternatives to crude oil as the primary feed stock for the chemicals and fuel industry and ethanol has been demonstrated to be a viable alternative. Among the various feed stocks for producing ethanol, poplar (Populus nigra × Populus maximowiczii) is considered to have great potential as a biorefinery feedstock in the United States, due to their widespread availability and good productivity in several parts of the country. We have optimized AFEX pretreatment conditions (180°C, 2:1 ammonia to biomass loading, 233% moisture, 30 minutes residence time) and by using various combinations of enzymes (commercical celluloses and xylanases) to achieve high glucan and xylan conversion (93 and 65%, respectively). We have also identified and quantified several important degradation products formed during AFEX using liquid chromatography followed by mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). As a part of degradation product analysis, we have also quantified oligosaccharides in the AFEX water wash extracts by acid hydrolysis. It is interesting to note that corn stover (C4 grass) can be pretreated effectively using mild AFEX pretreatment conditions, while on the other hand hardwood poplar requires much harsher AFEX conditions to obtain equivalent sugar yields upon enzymatic hydrolysis. Comparing corn stover and poplar, we conclude that pretreatment severity and enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency are dictated to a large extent by lignin carbohydrate complexes and arabinoxylan cross-linkages for AFEX.
title: Photovoltaics in agricultural landscapes: “Industrial land use” or a “real compromise” between renewable energy and biodiversity? Perspectives of German nature conservation associations
Creators: name: Hilker, Janna Marie
name: Busse, Maria
name: Müller, Klaus
name: Zscheischler, Jana
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ground-mounted PV
subject: Agrophotovoltaics
subject: Acceptability
subject: Attitudes
subject: Nature conservation
subject: Agriculture
subject: Renewable energy
subject: Climate protection
subject: 333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie

description: Background: One common renewable energy source for substituting fossil sources is photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, installing PV systems in agricultural areas can lead to competition with other land uses. These projects, therefore, often encounter problems with social acceptance in affected communities. Especially from the perspective of nature conservation targets, conflicts can arise. These potential differences are still under-researched but represent important knowledge for the societally broadly accepted design of such facilities and their contribution to energy transformation. In this paper, we investigate the perspectives of nature conservationists on PV in the region of Brandenburg, Germany. We comparatively analyse attitudes towards ground-mounted photovoltaics (GM-PV) and agrophotovoltaics (APV). APV combines energy supply and agricultural production on the same land and could thus be a possible solution for mitigating land-use conflicts. Results: We investigated the degree of local acceptability and positive and negative influencing factors through a qualitative text analysis of ten interviews with local representatives and position papers by Nature Conservation Associations. Our findings show a growing consensus around basic assumptions of the need for renewable energies, the prioritised support for PV systems on rooftops over the installation on agricultural land (GM-PV and APV), and the necessity for PV systems to be compatible with nature conservation objectives. Regarding specific site decisions on agricultural land, we find diverging attitudes when comparing the content of position papers and the responses of interviewees. The interviewees advocate taking into account local interests and specific regional conditions, the effects of PV systems on the local environment, and the need for distributional justice. Large-scale plants are locally less accepted than smaller ones and there is a more open attitude towards the expansion of APV than of GM-PV on agricultural land. However, a range of concerns regarding consequences for landscape and biodiversity persists, and further research and clarification is required to address these issues. Conclusions: We conclude that basic ecological standards and the demands of local stakeholders and interest groups should be taken into account when planning, implementing and reviewing PV projects in the future.
An adaptive Fisher combined test
Creators: name: Pallini, A.
Publisher: name: Dep. of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati", Università di Bologna
Year: 2013

description: We study an adaptive version of the Fisher combined test for general q-sample settings. The basic selector refers to a given set of test statistics, which may equiva-lently define the individual tests to be combined. The resulting Fisher combined test automatically chooses the most convenient test statistic to be used from each sample. The adaptive combined test proves to be of exact level, unbiased and locally optimal.
description: Statistica; Vol 58, No 4 (1998)
Health and distance to healthcare in Papua New Guinea
Creators: name: Kassens, Alice Louise
name: Rodgers, Yana V.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: Spatial regression
Healthcare access
Geospatial
Papua New Guinea

description: This study uses household survey data from 2009-2010 merged together with geospatial data from the United Nations on health facilities to examine the association between distance to health care facilities, health, and health care usage in Papua New Guinea, one of the most isolated and rural countries in the world. Greater distance from health care facilities reduces access to health care by presenting transportation challenges and is expected to reduce both health care usage and individual health. Results from multivariate regression analysis suggest distance is a detracting factor, although other factors such as education, socioeconomic status, and access to resources matter more.
Isolation of microalgae from Kuching, Sarawak, and assessment of their potential for biofuel production and bioremediation of nutrient-rich media
Creators: name: Lee, Samson
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Microalgae are tiny single cell organism which can do photosynthesis. This research isolated local microalgae strains from the water bodies in Malaysia and identified through the DNA comparison and the comparison of their characteristics. The microalgae were tested in their ability to grow in nutrient media and their oil content in the biomass generated. Their growth in nutrient media was recorded and their oil was extracted and analysed on its quality. This research offers the potential to utilize microalgae in treating wastewater and generating biofuel. This will allow a new source of fuel energy and reduce deforestation for the expansion of palm oil plantations.
Skin Irritation Testing beyond Tissue Viability: Fucoxanthin Effects on Inflammation, Homeostasis, and Metabolism
Creators: name: Spagolla Napoleão Tavares, Renata
name: Stuchi Maria-Engler, Silvya
name: Colepicolo, Pio
name: Debonsi, Hosana Maria
name: Schäfer-Korting, Monika
name: Marx, Uwe
name: Rigo Gaspar, Lorena
name: Zoschke, Christian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: antioxidants
subject: epidermal growth factor receptor
subject: interleukins
subject: irritation
subject: metabolism response
subject: N-acetyltransferase
subject: small heat and shock protein beta 1
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: UV light catalyzes the ozone formation from air pollutants, like nitrogen oxides. Since ozone reacts with cutaneous sebum lipids to peroxides and, thus, promotes inflammation, tumorigenesis, and aging, even broad-spectrum sunscreens cannot properly protect skin. Meanwhile, xanthophylls, like fucoxanthin, proved their antioxidant and cytoprotective functions, but the safety of their topical application in human cell-based models remains unknown. Aiming for a more detailed insight into the cutaneous fucoxanthin toxicity, we assessed the tissue viability according to OECD test guideline no. 439 as well as changes in inflammation (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8), homeostasis (EGFR, HSPB1) and metabolism (NAT1). First, we proved the suitability of our 24-well-based reconstructed human skin for irritation testing. Next, we dissolved 0.5% fucoxanthin either in alkyl benzoate or in ethanol and applied both solutions onto the tissue surface. None of the solutions decreased RHS viability below 50%. In contrast, fucoxanthin ameliorated the detrimental effects of ethanol and reduced the gene expression of pro-inflammatory interleukins 6 and 8, while increasing NAT1 gene expression. In conclusion, we developed an organ-on-a-chip compatible RHS, being suitable for skin irritation testing beyond tissue viability assessment. Fucoxanthin proved to be non-irritant in RHS and already showed first skin protective effects following topical application.
Linking Land Tenure and Integrated Watershed Management - A Review
Creators: name: Katusiime, Juliet
name: Schütt, Brigitta
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: land resources
subject: conservation
subject: holistic approach
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Land tenure is given attention in the general discussions on conservation and management of natural resources, but the necessary holistic approach to understand the linkages is less considered. Thus, we considered a watershed as a unit of reference and Integrated Watershed Management as a holistic land and water resources management approach with various roles and touchpoints with land tenure issues. To examine the role of land tenure on the management of natural resources in watersheds, we reviewed and compiled literature that captures watershed issues, integrating aspects of land tenure, and aiming to identify the key land tenure roles, dynamics, and its influences on integrated watershed management. Land tenure is observed playing various roles in watersheds and, thus, also on integrated watershed management as an approach—as a driver of change, influence for investment decisions, an incentive for adoption of practices, and leading to sustainability. Land tenure dynamics range from land tenure security, land tenure forms, land access and acquisition modalities, and how these aspects of land tenure relate with integrated watershed management.
Beyond Technical Instruction
Creators: name: Wang, Minglu
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Academic libraries
Data services

description: As a data services librarian, I teach workshops on how to use statistical software. In addition to demonstrate step by step techniques and let the students do hands-on exercises, I point them to additional online tutorials and other resources. I also introduce them to principles and best practice of data analysis. Library guides are also set up for students to come back later reviewing the class notes or looking for links to other resources. Based on a feedback survey, this poster will reveal how students think of the usefulness of these different types of contents.
description: Presented at VALE/NJ ACRL/NJLA CUS Fourteenth Annual Users' Conference: Demonstrating Value for Every User, January 2013.
Assessment of Water Security in Socially Excluded Areas in Kolkata, India: An Approach Focusing on Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Subham
name: Sundberg, Trude
name: Schütt, Brigitta
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: WaSH
subject: human rights
subject: gender
subject: urban deprived areas
subject: slums
subject: water security
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Water security is essential not only to ensure the availability and accessibility of water for drinking, producing food, washing, but also to maintain both human and environmental health. The 2011 Census of India reveals that 17.4% of urban households in India live in deprived areas in urban landscapes which are designated as slums in the Census dataset. The increasing number of people living in these areas poses serious challenges to the provision of basic urban water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) services. Perceived susceptibility of risks from contaminated water and lack of proper sanitation and hygiene will be addressed in the light of social exclusion factors. This study attempts to assess the present situation of water, sanitation and required hygiene provisions within the areas defined as slums by the Census of India 2011 in Kolkata, India. Based on the results obtained from the datasets from the census, and a household survey, we identified a lack of supplies associated with WaSH provisions in these areas of Kolkata. The WaSH provisions in the slum areas of Kolkata city are facing various issues related to regularity, quality and quantity of supplied water. Additionally, there is poor maintenance of existing WaSH services including latrine facilities and per capita allocation of a sustainable water security among the slum dwellers. By adding to our understanding of the importance of factors such as gender, religions, and knowledge of drinking water in deprived areas, the study analyses the links between both physical and social issues determining vulnerability and presence of deprivation associated with basic WaSH provisions as human rights of slum communities.
Canadian Colorectal Cancer Screening Guidelines: Do They Need an Update Given Changing Incidence and Global Practice Patterns?
Creators: name: Kalyta, Anastasia
name: De Vera, Mary
name: Peacock, Stuart
name: Telford, Jennifer
name: Brown, Carl J.
name: Donnellan, Fergal
name: Gill, Sharlene
name: Loree, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2021

description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and second leading cause of cancer death in Canada. Organized screening programs targeting Canadians aged 50 to 74 at average risk of developing the disease have contributed to decreased rates of CRC, improved patient outcomes and reduced healthcare costs. However, data shows that recent incidence reductions are unique to the screening-age population, while rates in people under-50 are on the rise. Similar incidence patterns in the United States prompted the American Cancer Society and U.S. Preventive Services Task Force to recommend screening begin at age 45 rather than 50. We conducted a review of screening practices in Canada, framing them in the context of similar global health systems as well as the evidence supporting the recent U.S. recommendations. Epidemiologic changes in Canada suggest earlier screening initiation in average-risk individuals may be reasonable, but the balance of costs to benefits remains unclear.
Evaluation of Stress Response under a Standard Euthanasia Protocol in Horses Using Analysis of Heart Rate Variability
Creators: name: Gehlen, Heidrun
name: Loschelder, Johanna
name: Merle, Roswitha
name: Walther, Maike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: equine
subject: euthanasia
subject: heart rate variability
subject: stress
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The effects of a standard protocol for euthanasia on heart rate variability (HRV) as a consequence of stress response were analyzed in this prospective clinical study. The HRV was determined in 40 horses undergoing euthanasia due to various reasons, at different locations, and with/without owner presence. For euthanasia, horses were sedated with xylazine or a combination of xylazine and butorphanol. General anesthesia was induced using diazepam and ketamine. Afterwards, horses were euthanized with pentobarbital. The ECG data were taken by a Telemetric ECG at three time points (sedation, anesthesia, anesthesia until death). The HRV was analyzed including the low (LF) and high frequency (HF) components of HRV and the sympathovagal balance (LF/HF ratio). Significant differences in the LF, HF and LF/HF ratio were found between the three time points of euthanasia (p < 0.001). The HRV analysis showed dominating sympathetic activity in the preparation phase of euthanasia and during the injection of pentobarbital. The location of euthanasia, presence of owner and type of primary diseases had no influence on stress parameters. Horses showing excitations or groaning during euthanasia did not differ in HRV. Horse with colic were however more likely to show reoccurrence of breathing during euthanasia. In conclusion, HRV is a sensitive, noninvasive parameter to obtain sympathovagal stimulations during euthanasia and adapted protocols for euthanasia in horse with colic should be studied.
Assessment of Sampling Effects on Various Satellite-Derived Integrated Water Vapor Datasets Using GPS Measurements in Germany as Reference
Creators: name: Carbajal Henken, Cintia
name: Dirks, Lisa
name: Steinke, Sandra
name: Diedrich, Hannes
name: August, Thomas
name: Crewell, Susanne
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: water vapor retrievals
subject: validation
subject: sampling effects
subject: MODIS
subject: MIRS
subject: IASI
subject: GPS
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Passive imagers on polar-orbiting satellites provide long-term, accurate integrated water vapor (IWV) data sets. However, these climatologies are affected by sampling biases. In Germany, a dense Global Navigation Satellite System network provides accurate IWV measurements not limited by weather conditions and with high temporal resolution. Therefore, they serve as a reference to assess the quality and sampling issues of IWV products from multiple satellite instruments that show different orbital and instrument characteristics. A direct pairwise comparison between one year of IWV data from GPS and satellite instruments reveals overall biases (in kg/m 2 ) of 1.77, 1.36, 1.11, and −0.31 for IASI, MIRS, MODIS, and MODIS-FUB, respectively. Computed monthly means show similar behaviors. No significant impact of averaging time and the low temporal sampling on aggregated satellite IWV data is found, mostly related to the noisy weather conditions in the German domain. In combination with SEVIRI cloud coverage, a change of shape of IWV frequency distributions towards a bi-modal distribution and loss of high IWV values are observed when limiting cases to daytime and clear sky. Overall, sampling affects mean IWV values only marginally, which are rather dominated by the overall retrieval bias, but can lead to significant changes in IWV frequency distributions.