cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observation of dislocation-induced topological modes in a three-dimensional acoustic topological insulator
Creators: name: Xue, Haoran
name: Jia, Ding
name: Ge, Yong
name: Guan, Yi-jun
name: Wang, Qiang
name: Yuan, Shou-qi
name: Sun, Hong-xiang
name: Chong, Y. D.
name: Zhang, Baile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between real-space topological lattice defects and the reciprocal-space topology of energy bands can give rise to novel phenomena, such as one-dimensional topological modes bound to screw dislocations in three-dimensional topological insulators. We obtain direct experimental observations of dislocation-induced helical modes in an acoustic analog of a weak three-dimensional topological insulator. The spatial distribution of the helical modes is found through spin-resolved field mapping, and verified numerically by tight-binding and finite-element calculations. These one-dimensional helical channels can serve as robust waveguides in three-dimensional media. Our experiment paves the way to studying novel physical modes and functionalities enabled by topological lattice defects in three-dimensional classical topological materials.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Fix with P6: Verifying Programmable Switches at Runtime
Creators: name: Shukla, Apoorv
name: Hudemann, Kevin
name: Vági, Zsolt
name: Hügerich, Lily
name: Smaragdakis, Georgios
name: Hecker, Artur
name: Schmid, Stefan
name: Feldmann, Anja
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke
subject: P4
subject: programmable switches
subject: runtime verification
subject: machine learning
subject: network

description: We design, develop, and evaluate P6, an automated approach to (a) detect, (b) localize, and (c) patch software bugs in P4 programs. Bugs are reported via a violation of pre-specified expected behavior that is captured by P6. P6 is based on machine learning-guided fuzzing that tests P4 switch non-intrusively, i.e., without modifying the P4 program for detecting runtime bugs. This enables an automated and real-time localization and patching of bugs. We used a P6 prototype to detect and patch existing bugs in various publicly available P4 application programs deployed on two different switch platforms: behavioral model (bmv2) and Tofino. Our evaluation shows that P6 significantly outperforms bug detection baselines while generating fewer packets and patches bugs in large P4 programs such as switch.p4 without triggering any regressions.
The refined transfer, bundle structures and algebraic K-theory
Creators: name: Klein, John R.
name: Williams, Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57S05, 55R10, 19D10, 55R12; 55R15, 57N65

description: We give new homotopy theoretic criteria for deciding when a fibration with homotopy finite fibers admits a reduction to a fiber bundle with compact topological manifold fibers. The criteria lead to a new and unexpected result about homeomorphism groups of manifolds. A tool used in the proof is a surjective splitting of the assembly map for Waldhausen's functor A(X). We also give concrete examples of fibrations having a reduction to a fiber bundle with compact topological manifold fibers but which fail to admit a compact fiber smoothing. The examples are detected by algebraic K-theory invariants. We consider a refinement of the Becker-Gottlieb transfer. We show that a version of the axioms described by Becker and Schultz uniquely determines the refined transfer for the class of fibrations admitting a reduction to a fiber bundle with compact topological manifold fibers. In an appendix, we sketch a theory of characteristic classes for fibrations. The classes are primary obstructions to finding a compact fiber smoothing.
description: This version contains mostly minor revisions
CC-07: A Robust High-temperature Multiferroic Device with Tunable Magnetic Chiral Fluctuation
Creators: Zhi Shiuh Lim
Changjian Li
Ganesh Ji Omar
A. Ariando
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Multiferroic Materials and Magnetoelectric Phenomena
We integrated Pt/La0.5Ba0.5MnO3 ultrathin films with the PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 ferroelectric and obtained several unprecedented results. Apart from strong Topological Hall Effect (THE) measurable across a wide temperature range, we also demonstrate reversible ON/OFF tuning of THE signal by ferroelectric polarization switching, indicating creation and annihilation of magnetic Skyrmions by short voltage pulses. Regarding the exact mechanism of magnetoelectric coupling, although the concept of selective electrostatic doping between eg orbitals of manganite cations has been well-known, our magnetoelectric polarity is found opposite to the earlier observations, which is best explained by a novel phase transition between C-type antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic. The crucial innovation here originates from our opposite choice of layer stacking sequence which reverses the sign of tetragonal strain of the manganite unit cell, therefore providing a complementary insight where strain and polarization switching act in tandem. The relationship between the phase transition and tuning of THE is supported by micromagnetic simulations.References: 1. Nature 408, pages 944 (2000) 2. Physical Review Letters, 104, 127202 (2010) 3. Science 336, 198 (2012) 4. Nature Communications 7, 12669 (2016) 5. Nature Materials 17, 1087 (2018) 6. Nature Materials 18, 1054 (2019) 7. Physical Review Letters 124, 107201 (2020)
DP-02: Exchange bias mediated by semiconductor with spin-orbit coupling
Creators: A.B. Cahaya
A.A. Anderson
A. Azhar and M.A. Majidi
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Structured Materials and Magnetic Recording
The data writing efficiency on magnetic memory requires effective manipulation of one ferromagnetic layer while fixing the other. By attaching an antiferromagnet into the ferromagnetic layer, an exchange bias can be induced and the particular ferromagnetic layer become fixed. The microscopic origin is the exchange interaction between ferromagnetic spins and uncompensated spins of antiferromagnet at the magnetic interface1. Recently, exchange bias is observed in La0..67Sr0.33MnO3/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructure, which not includes any antiferromagnet2. Theoretical study of predicts that interface magnetoelectric effect can induces exchange bias without antiferromagnet3. The interface magnetoelectric is mediated by conduction electrons in heterostructure system with spin-orbit coupling. However, LaAlO3 is a semiconductor with large bandgap. In this research we study the exchange bias in the interface of La0..67Sr0.33MnO3/LaAlO3/SrTiO3. By modeling LaAlO3 as non-magnetic semiconductor with spin-orbit coupling induced by broken symmetry at the interface, we show that there is interface magnetoelectric effect near La0..67Sr0.33MnO3/LaAlO3 interface. The magnetoelectric effect enables the coupling of interface spins and electric field at the magnetic heterostructure and induces exchange bias.References: 1 R L Stamps 2000. Mechanisms for exchange bias. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 33 R247 (2000), https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/33/23/201 2 Lü, W., Saha, et al. Long-range magnetic coupling across a polar insulating layer. Nat Commun 7, 11015 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11015 3 A. B. Cahaya, et al. Electrically controllable exchange bias via interface magnetoelectric effect. IEEE Trans. Magn. (2023), https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2023.3283526.
An SPH framework for fluid-solid and contact interaction problems including thermo-mechanical coupling and reversible phase transitions
Creators: name: Fuchs, Sebastian L.
name: Meier, Christoph
name: Wall, Wolfgang A.
name: Cyron, Christian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The present work proposes an approach for fluid-solid and contact interaction problems including thermo-mechanical coupling and reversible phase transitions. The solid field is assumed to consist of several arbitrarily-shaped, undeformable but mobile rigid bodies, that are evolved in time individually and allowed to get into mechanical contact with each other. The fluid field generally consists of multiple liquid or gas phases. All fields are spatially discretized using the method of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). This approach is especially suitable in the context of continually changing interface topologies and dynamic phase transitions without the need for additional methodological and computational effort for interface tracking as compared to mesh- or grid-based methods. Proposing a concept for the parallelization of the computational framework, in particular concerning a computationally efficient evaluation of rigid body motion, is an essential part of this work. Finally, the accuracy and robustness of the proposed framework is demonstrated by several numerical examples in two and three dimensions, involving multiple rigid bodies, two-phase flow, and reversible phase transitions, with a focus on two potential application scenarios in the fields of engineering and biomechanics: powder bed fusion additive manufacturing (PBFAM) and disintegration of food boluses in the human stomach. The efficiency of the parallel computational framework is demonstrated by a strong scaling analysis.
Magnetism and Thermodynamics of Spin-1/2 Heisenberg Diamond Chains in a Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Gu, Bo
name: Su, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic and thermodynamic properties of spin-1/2 Heisenberg diamond chains are investigated in three different cases: (a) J1, J2, J3>0 (frustrated); (b) J1, J3<0, J2>0 (frustrated); and (c) J1, J2>0, J3<0 (non-frustrated). The density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) technique is invoked to study the properties of the system in the ground state, while the transfer matrix renormalization group (TMRG) technique is applied to explore the thermodynamic properties. The local magnetic moments, spin correlation functions, and static structure factors are discussed in the ground state for the three cases. It is shown that the static structure factor S(q) shows peaks at wavevectors $q=aπ/3$ (a=0,1,2,3,4,5) for different couplings in a zero magnetic field, which, however in the magnetic fields where the magnetization plateau with m=1/6 pertains, exhibits the peaks only at q=0, $2π/3$ and $4π/3$, which are found to be couplings-independent. The DMRG results of the zero-field static structure factor can be nicely fitted by a linear superposition of six modes, where two fitting equations are proposed. It is observed that the six modes are closely related to the low-lying excitations of the system. At finite temperatures, the double-peak structures of the susceptibility and specific heat against temperature are obtained, where the peak positions and heights are found to depend on the competition of the couplings. It is also uncovered that the XXZ anisotropy of F and AF couplings leads the system of case (c) to display quite different behaviors. In addition, the experimental data of the susceptibility, specific heat and magnetization for the compound Cu$_{3}$(CO$_{3}$)$_{2}$(OH)$_{2}$ are fairly compared with our TMRG results.
description: 18 pages, 20 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
VP3-06: Effects of Lithium Addition on Structural and Magnetic Properties of M-type Strontium Hexaferrite
Creators: Sunghyun Yoon
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Hard Magnetic Materials (Virtual)
Effects of lithium addition on structural and magnetic properties of M-type strontium hexaferrite have been studied by using crystallographic and magnetic measurements. First, high purity SrCO3 and Fe2O3 were mixed to get SrFe12O19 powder. After dividing it into several parts, 0, 2, 4, 8, 15 and 30 % mol of Li2CO3 were subsequently added per 1 mol of SrFe12O19 powder. Then the fine mixtures were pressed into pellets and processed by the conventional solid state reaction method thru repeated sintering at 1250 °C for 24 hours. XRD patterns showed that all the samples were M-type hexaferrite with the space group of P63/mmc. Lattice parameters deduced from the GSAS refinement show that both a and c have no noticeable variation with increasing lithium content (Table 1), which indicates that the lithium addition did not cause any significant substitution of Fe sites by lithium. Variations of the magnetization and the coercivity Hc with lithium content was checked by room temperature VSM measurement. Since the magnetizations did not show any trend of saturation, we calculated the saturation magnetization Ms and the magnetic anisotropy constant K from the high field region of the M-H curve using the law of approach to saturation method. Whereas the Ms decreases slightly, the decrease in Hc with the lithium addition is remarkable. Magnetic anisotropy constants K also shows slight decrease with increasing lithium content as shown in Table 1. Mössbauer spectra show that their mossbauer parameters are almost invariant with the lithium addition up to as high as 30% mol (Fig. 1 left). This means most of lithium ions do not participate in a competition to occupy the crystallographic sites. Rather, it is very likely that the lithium reside mainly on the grain boundary. FE-SEM images (Fig. 1 right) show that the lithium addition resulted in a better degree of grain separation between layers. It seems that the lithium acts as a kind of flux that suppresses the degree of coalescence of particles and affects significantly on the morphology, finally resulting in the decrease of Hc with the lithium addition. This suggests that Li+ could also play the same role of process-salt with Na+ or K+ in the molten salt synthesis.
Extraction of physical laws from joint experimental data
Creators: name: Grabec, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extraction of a physical law y=yo(x) from joint experimental data about x and y is treated. The joint, the marginal and the conditional probability density functions (PDF) are expressed by given data over an estimator whose kernel is the instrument scattering function. As an optimal estimator of yo(x) the conditional average is proposed. The analysis of its properties is based upon a new definition of prediction quality. The joint experimental information and the redundancy of joint measurements are expressed by the relative entropy. With the number of experiments the redundancy on average increases, while the experimental information converges to a certain limit value. The difference between this limit value and the experimental information at a finite number of data represents the discrepancy between the experimentally determined and the true properties of the phenomenon. The sum of the discrepancy measure and the redundancy is utilized as a cost function. By its minimum a reasonable number of data for the extraction of the law yo(x) is specified. The mutual information is defined by the marginal and the conditional PDFs of the variables. The ratio between mutual information and marginal information is used to indicate which variable is the independent one. The properties of the introduced statistics are demonstrated on deterministically and randomly related variables.
description: 18 pages, 11 eps figures, uses svjour.cls
Die tier- und umweltgerechte Mastschweinehaltung ist das Ziel
Creators: name: Hartung, Eberhard
name: Hauser, Alexander
name: Gallmann, Eva
name: Stubbe, Angela
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1999

description: Um die Entwicklung, Erprobung und Bewertung von neuen Haltungsverfahren für die Mastschweinehaltung durch das Institut für Agrartechnik der Universität Hohenheim effektiver vorantreiben zu können, wurden zusätzliche Kapazitäten für Forschungsarbeiten in diesem Gebiet erforderlich. Das Ziel war daher die Planung und der Bau eines Versuchsstalls, welcher über zwei getrennte, direkt nebeneinander liegende, modular aufgebaute Stallabteile verfügt. In den Abteilen können unterschiedliche Haltungsverfahren in parallelen Untersuchungen praxisnah hinsichtlich ihrer Tier- und Umweltgerechtheit sowie des notwendigen Energie- und Arbeitszeitbedarfs miteinander verglichen werden.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 54 Nr. 4 (1999)
Additional file 2 of Long-term health-related quality of life in patients treated with subcutaneous C1-inhibitor replacement therapy for the prevention of hereditary angioedema attacks: findings from the COMPACT open-label extension study
Creators: name: Lumry, William R.
name: Zuraw, Bruce
name: Cicardi, Marco
name: Craig, Timothy
name: Anderson, John
name: Aleena Banerji
name: Bernstein, Jonathan A.
name: Caballero, Teresa
name: Farkas, Henriette
name: Gower, Richard G.
name: Keith, Paul K.
name: Levy, Donald S.
name: H. Henry Li
name: Magerl, Markus
name: Manning, Michael
name: Riedl, Marc A.
name: John-Philip Lawo
name: Subhransu Prusty
name: Machnig, Thomas
name: Longhurst, Hilary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Mean (SD) EQ-5D scores by study visit, all C1-INH(SC) combined.
Kinetic equation for finite systems of fermions with pairing
Creators: name: Abrosimov, V. I.
name: Brink, D. M.
name: Dellafiore, A.
name: Matera, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solutions of the Wigner-transformed time-dependent Hartree--Fock--Bogoliubov equations are studied in the constant-$Δ$ approximation. This approximation is known to violate particle-number conservation. As a consequence, the density fluctuation and the longitudinal response function given by this approximation contain spurious contributions. A simple prescription for restoring both local and global particle-number conservation is proposed. Explicit expressions for the eigenfrequencies of the correlated systems and for the density response function are derived and it is shown that the semiclassical analogous of the quantum single--particle spectrum has an excitation gap of $2Δ$, in agreement with the quantum result. The collective response is studied for a simplified form of the residual interaction.
description: deeply revised, to be published in Nucl. Phys. A
Twisted D3-brane and M5-brane compactifications from multi-charge spindles
Creators: name: Boido, Andrea
name: Ipiña, Juan Manuel Pérez
name: Sparks, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct families of supersymmetric AdS$_3\times Y_7$ and AdS$_3\times Y_8$ solutions to type IIB string theory and M-theory, respectively. Here $Y_7$ is an $S^5$ fibration over $Σ$, while $Y_8$ is an $S^4$ fibration over $Σ_g\times Σ$, where $Σ_g$ is a Riemann surface of genus $g>1$ and $Σ$ is a two-dimensional orbifold known as a spindle. We interpret the solutions as near-horizon limits of $N$ D3-branes wrapped on $Σ$ and $N$ M5-branes wrapped on $Σ_g\times Σ$, respectively. These are holographically dual to $d=2$, $(0,2)$ SCFTs, and we show that the central charge and superconformal R-symmetry of the gravity solutions agree with dual field theory calculations.
description: 25 pages
Investitionsausgaben für den Neubau von Zuchtschweineställen
Creators: name: Gartung, Jürgen
name: Uminski, Kerstin
name: Hagemann, Jens
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1999

description: In den letzten zehn Jahren hat sich ein bedeutender Strukturwandel in der Schweineproduktion vollzogen, der sich noch fortsetzen wird. Ausschlaggebend hierfür sind insbesondere ökonomische, darüber hinaus seuchenhygienische Gründe sowie eine weiter steigende Spezialisierung. Zukunftsorientierte Betriebe werden größere Tierbestände halten, um ausreichende Gewinne zu erwirtschaften. Aktuelle Kalkulationsdaten für derartige Neubauten wurden im Rahmen des KTBL-Arbeitsprogrammes „Kalkulationsunterlagen“ von 1998 vom ILB erarbeitet.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 54 Nr. 4 (1999)
UML Sequence Diagram: An Alternative Model
Creators: name: Al-Fedaghi, Sabah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The general acceptance of sequence diagrams can be attributed to their relatively intuitive nature and ability to describe partial behaviors (as opposed to such diagrams as state charts). However, studies have shown that over 80 percent of graduating students were unable to create a software design or even a partial design, and many students had no idea how sequence diagrams were constrained by other models. Many students exhibited difficulties in identifying valid interacting objects and constructing messages with appropriate arguments. Additionally, according to authorities, even though many different semantics have been proposed for sequence diagrams (e.g., translations to state machines), there exists no suitable semantic basis refinement of required sequence diagram behavior because direct style semantics do not precisely capture required sequence diagram behaviors; translations to other formalisms disregard essential features of sequence diagrams such as guard conditions and critical regions. This paper proposes an alternative to sequence diagrams, a generalized model that provides further understanding of sequence diagrams to assimilate them into a new modeling language called thinging machine (TM). The sequence diagram is extended horizontally by removing the superficial vertical-only dimensional limitation of expansion to preserve the logical chronology of events. TM diagramming is spread nonlinearly in terms of actions. Events and their chronology are constructed on a second plane of description that is superimposed on the initial static description. The result is a more refined representation that would simplify the modeling process. This is demonstrated through remodeling sequence diagram cases from the literature.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
CQ-01 : Power-Phase Relation in Ultra-compact ‘Magnon Microwave Antenna’ for Generation of Microwaves with Tuneable Frequencies
Creators: Arindam Samanta
Saibal Roy
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Magnetization Dynamics III: Micromagnetics and Modeling
A spin wave(SW)/magnon based nanopatterned magnetic antenna, known as “Magnon Microwave Antenna”(MMA) [1] is operated in the microwave frequency range. Since the MMA are designed with magnetic nano-heterostructures[patterned magnetostrictive(MS) nanowire (NWs) arrays on piezoelectric (PE) substrate], the operation of MMA relies on interaction between phonons (from PE layer), magnon (from MS layer) and photons (electromagnetic radiation). When the MMA is placed in an alternating external electric field, a sinusoidal stress has been generated in PE layer, that travels along the surface of PE substrate and acts as surface acoustic wave (SAW). The developed SAW has then been transferred to the MS NWs which in turn excites the magnetization in the same to form collective SW excitations/magnons. Subsequently, the generated SWs further radiates photons at the SAW frequency and which can be used to transfer information and energy in the nanoscale regime[1],[2]. The MMA consists of 5 FeGa NWs patterned on LiNbO3 separated by distances = 40-160 nm and is designed in COMSOL[3] to obtain the SAW frequency. S11 and S22 parameters estimate the SAW frequency as 551.35 MHz, that propagates along the longitudinal direction. The micromagnetic simulations with MuMax3[4] are performed by discretizing NWs into cell sizes considering typical FeGa material parameters (MS=1.32MA/m, Aex=16pJ/m, Ku=0kJ/m3). Along with the Mx component, the associated power and phase profiles of the SWs at the 0.3 GHz frequency of s = 40 nm configuration are shown in Fig. 1 (a), (b) and (c), respectively. MX profile shows that the multidomains are formed along x-component due to the SAW excitation. The power profile shows that the 0.3 GHz SW mode is quantized in a complex pattern, while the phase profile at that frequency exhibits a complex propagation mode of the SW. We note that s=40 nm configuration has a distribution of four different magnetodynamical resonance modes, whereas for s = 90 nm configuration the phonon-magnon-photon coupling generates a single synchronized 0.56 GHz resonance microwave frequency. Funding support: SFI-21/FFP-A/10003-MERIT.References: [1] A. Samanta and S. Roy, “Generation of Microwaves With Tuneable Frequencies in Ultracompact ‘Magnon Microwave Antenna’ via Phonon-Magnon-Photon Coupling,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 335–342, 2023. [2] R. Fabiha, J. Lundquist, S. Majumder, E. Topsakal, A. Barman, and S. Bandyopadhyay, “Spin Wave Electromagnetic Nano-Antenna Enabled by Tripartite Phonon-Magnon-Photon Coupling,” Adv. Sci., vol. 9, no. 8, p. 2104644, 2022. [3] A. B. COMSOL, “COMSOL Multiphysics Version 6.0.” 2022. [4] A. Vansteenkiste, J. Leliaert, M. Dvornik, M. Helsen, F. Garcia-Sanchez, and B. Van Waeyenberge, “The design and verification of MuMax3,” AIP Adv., vol. 4, no. 10, p. 107133, 2014.
Upsilonium polarization as a touchstone in understanding the proton dynamics in QCD
Creators: name: Baranov, S. P.
name: Zotov, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the k_t-factorization approach, the production of $Υmesons at the Fermilab Tevatron and CERN LHC is considered, and the predictions on the spin alignment parameter $α$ are presented. We argue that measuring the polarization of quarkonium states can serve as a crucial test discriminating two competing theoretical approaches to parton dynamics in QCD.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
The Pair-Instability Mass Gap for Black Holes
Creators: name: Woosley, S. E.
name: Heger, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar evolution theory predicts a "gap" in the black hole birth function caused by the pair instability. Presupernova stars that have a core mass below some limiting value, Mlo, after all pulsational activity is finished, collapse to black holes, whereas more massive ones, up to some limiting value, Mhi, explode, promptly and completely, as pair-instability supernovae. Previous work has suggested Mlo is approximately 50 solar masses and Mhi is approximately 130 solar masses. These calculations have been challenged by recent LIGO observations that show many black holes merging with individual masses, Mlo is least some 65 solar masses. Here we explore four factors affecting the theoretical estimates for the boundaries of this mass gap: nuclear reaction rates, evolution in detached binaries, rotation, and hyper-Eddington accretion after black hole birth. Current uncertainties in reaction rates by themselves allow Mlo to rise to 64 solar masses and Mhi as large as 161 solar masses. Rapid rotation could further increase Mlo to about 70 solar masses, depending on the treatment of magnetic torques. Evolution in detached binaries and super-Eddington accretion can, with great uncertainty, increase Mlo still further. Dimensionless Kerr parameters close to unity are allowed for the more massive black holes produced in close binaries, though they are generally smaller.
description: 16 pages, 4 figure panels, 6 tables, submitted to ApJ
Size, Trend, and Policy Implications of the Underground Economy
Creators: name: Orsi, Renzo
name: Raggi, Davide
name: Turino, Francesco
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: SECS-P/05 Econometria

description: We study the underground economy in a dynamic and stochastic general equilibrium framework. Our model combines limited tax enforcement with an otherwise standard two-sector neoclassical stochastic growth model. The Bayesian estimation of the model based on Italian data provides evidence in favor of an important underground sector in Italy, with a size that has steadily increased over the whole sample period. We show that this pattern is due to a persistent increase in taxation. Fiscal policy experiments suggest that a moderate tax cut, along with a stronger effort in the monitoring process, causes a sensitive reduction in the size of the underground economy and positive stimulus to the regular sector that jointly increase the total fiscal revenues.
Analýza dopadů pandemické zkušenosti na učitele OLK a KHK
Creators: name: Michek, Stanislav
name: Havigerová, Jana Marie
name: Vašťatková, Jana Poláchová
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170103 Educational Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Research report.
The analysis of the pandemic experience of teachers from Hradec Králové and Olomouc regions (n=930). Teachers communicated key associations, issues they had to deal with, and filled out anxiety and depression screening. Descriptive results in particular are described.
Did Zipf Anticipate Socio-Economic Spatial Networks?
Creators: name: Reggiani, Aura
name: Nijkamp, Peter
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: SECS-P/02 Politica economica

description: An avalanche of empirical studies has addressed the validity of the rank-size rule (or Zipf’s law) in a multi-city context in many countries. City size in most countries seems to obey Zipf’s law, but the
question under which conditions (e.g. sample size, spatial scale) this ‘law’ holds remained largely
underinvestigated. Another complementary question is whether socio-economic networks in space also show a similar hierarchical pattern.
Against this background, the present paper investigates – from a methodological viewpoint – the relationship between network connectivity and the rank-size rule (or Zipf’s law) in an urban-economic
network constellation. After a review of the literature, we address in particular the following methodological issues: (i) the (aggregate) behavioural foundation underlying the rank-size rule/Zipf’s
law in the light of spatial-economic network theories (e.g. entropy maximization, spatial interaction theory, etc.); (ii) the nature of the analytical relationship between social-spatial network analysis and the
rank-size rule/Zipf’s law. We argue that the rank size rule is compatible with conventional economic foundations of spatial network models. Consequently, a spatial-economic interpretation – as well as a
network connectivity interpretation – of the rank-size rule coefficient is provided.
Our methodological contribution forms the foundation for the subsequent empirical analysis applied to spatial networks in a socio-economic context. The aim here is to test the sensitivity of empirical findings for changes in scale, functional forms, time periods, and network structures. Our application is concerned with an extensive spatio-temporal panel database related to the evolution of urban population in Germany. We test the relevance of the rank-size rule/Zipf’s law, and its evolution over the years, and – in parallel – the related ‘socio-economic’ connectivity in these urban networks. In particular, we will show that Zipf’s law (i.e., with the rank-size coefficient equal to 1) is only valid under particular conditions of the sample size. The paper concludes with some retrospective and prospective remarks.
Gebäude zur Lagerung von Erntegütern
Creators: name: Krentler, Jan-Gerd
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1999

description: Nur ein Drittel der Erlöse der deutschen Landwirtschaft entfällt auf die pflanzliche Produktion. Abgesehen von industriellen Großlagern ist es aus der Sicht der Landwirtschaft wichtig, möglichst den gesamten Produktionsprozess am Hof zu haben, da sonst große Teile der Erlöse an den Groß- und Zwischenhandel abfließen. Deshalb werden neue Gebäude zur Lagerung von Erntegütern verstärkt auf den Betrieben oder in räumlich begrenzten Kooperativen errichtet, wobei ein ständiges Anwachsen des Baukostenanteils für Wärmedämmung und technische Ausrüstung beobachtet wird.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 54 Nr. 4 (1999)
The generation of monoclonal antibodies to neural cell type-specific antigenic determinants
Creators: name: Smyrnis, Elie Mario
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Somatic cell hybridization techniques were used to produce a panel of anti-neural cell monoclonal antibody-secreting murine hybridomas. Whole living cultures of bovine oligodendrocytes were used to inject (intra-splenically and without adjuvants) Balb/C mice with a total of 2.0 to 2.5 x 10⁶ oligodendrocytes. Polyethylene glycol was subsequently used to fuse these sensitized splenic lymphocytes to the murine NS-1 myeloma cell line. After fusion, supernatants were screened immunocytochemically using murine neural cell cultures. Initial screening identified a total of 17 clones, each of which primarily labelled a surface antigen specific to galactocerebroside-positive oligodendrocytes; as demonstrated by double-immunostaining characterization. The monoclonal antibodies were determined to be of either the IgM class or IgG[sub 2b] subclass. Moreover, these antibodies recognized protein bands possessing an apparent molecular weight of 29,000 and/or 59,000 Da on Western blots of homogenized bovine oligodendrocytes. This may, therefore, represent immunolabelling of a previously unrecognized surface constituent of oligodendrocytes. Culture supernatants from a second separate fusion experiment involving an intrasplenic injection with 20 μg of SDS-PAGE subfractionated human newborn brain particulate fraction were tested using first, an ELISA, and subsequently, indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. Screening demonstrated 2 clones which produced antibodies immunoreactive to an astrocyte subclass (glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells) found only in cultures of newborn murine brain. These antibodies were determined to be of an IgM class and were shown to specifically reactivity with electroblots of a protein constituent of whole newborn brain particulate fraction having an apparent molecular weight of 50,000 Da.
VP1-03: Domain Wall Excitation by Spin-Polarized Current
Creators: F. V. S. Diniz
T. G. M Jales
L. L. Oliveira
Ana L. Dantas
and A. S. Carriço
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Domain Wall, Vortex, and Skyrmion Dynamics and Devices (Virtual)
We presently report a theoretical discussion of the spectra of interface pinned domain walls (DW), in Py stripes subjected to spin-polarized currents and exchange coupled to two-sublattices vicinal antiferromagnetic (AFM) substrates. The DW are pinned at the edges between terraces, with length Lx, holding magnetic moments from opposite substrate sublattices [1]. The terraces exhibit alternate effective interface exchange field (±Hint), and the terrace length (Lx) sets the distance between consecutive DW (See Fig.1). We consider the spin-transfer torque of a weak spin current density (J=107 A/m2) along the x-axis and perpendicular to the interface steps edges. Owing to the magnetization gradients along the stripe, we investigated the effect of the Zhang-Li torques on the magnetic domain wall dynamics. Fig.1 shows the equilibrium configuration of a domain wall sequence in a Py micrometer stripe on a vicinal AFM substrate with 250 nm terraces, 50 nm width, and 20 nm thick subjected to an alternate interface field of 200 Oe. The time oscillation of the x-component of the magnetization is shown in the inset of Fig.2. As in the magnetic domain region (see Fig.1), the magnetization x-component is saturated, then the time oscillations of Mx are exclusively from the domain walls region. Therefore, from the oscillatory function of Mx, we calculate the fast Fourier transform and obtain the resonant frequencies of the domain walls. Our results indicate that the magnetic domain resonance is proportional to the interface exchange field—accordingly, the effect of the interface is inversely proportional to the thickness of the stripe. So, as shown in Fig. 2, the domain wall resonance decreases with Py stripe thickness. For the Py/AFM stripe with dimensions of 1μm x 50 nm, with 10, 15, and 20 nm thicknesses, the domain wall frequency mode are 1.41 GHz, 606, and 505 MHz, respectively.References: [1] F. A. L. Andrade et al, AIP Advances, 12, 035252 (2022)
Nachwirkungen schwerer Maschinen und Fahrgassen im Boden
Creators: name: Lsensee, Edmund
name: Wilde, Thomas
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1999

description: In modernen landtechnischen Arbeitsverfahren soll trotz schwerer Maschinen der Boden geschont werden: mit Breitreifen und angepasstem Luftdruck, mit großer Arbeitsbreite und wenig Spuren. Um zu überprüfen, in welchem Ausmaß Bewirtschaftungsmaßnahmen zu Verdichtungen und nachhaltigen Schäden führen, wurden Messungen zur Auswirkung der steten Belastung, die in Fahrgassen stattfand, sowie an Großmaschinen der Rübenernte durchgeführt.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 54 Nr. 4 (1999)
Realisierungsmöglichkeiten elektrischer Traktorantriebe
Creators: name: Barucki, Thomas
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1999

description: In verschiedenen Bereichen der Fahrzeugtechnik haben spezifische Anforderungen an den Antriebsstrang die Weiterentwicklung elektrischer Traktionsantriebe vorangetrieben. Auch in der Landtechnik beginnt man, über diese Alternative zu den gegenwärtig eingesetzten Getrieben nachzudenken. Nachfolgend sollen der Einsatz der elektrischen Traktion im Traktor mit anderen Anwendungen in der Fahrzeugtechnik verglichen sowie die Möglichkeiten und Probleme elektrischer Traktorantriebe dargestellt werden.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 54 Nr. 4 (1999)
LAMOST J0140355+392651: An evolved cataclysmic variable donor transitioning to become an extremely low mass white dwarf
Creators: name: El-Badry, Kareem
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Weisz, Daniel R.
name: Kupfer, Thomas
name: Shen, Ken J.
name: Xiang, Maosheng
name: Yang, Yong
name: Liu, Xiaowei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present LAMOST J0140355+392651 (hereafter J0140), a close ($P_{\rm orb} = 3.81$ hours) binary containing a bloated, low-mass ($M \approx 0.15 M_{\odot}$) proto-white dwarf (WD) and a massive ($M\approx 0.95\,M_{\odot}$) WD companion. The system's optical light curve is dominated by large-amplitude ellipsoidal variability but also exhibits additional scatter, likely driven by pulsations. The proto-WD is cooler ($T_{\rm eff} = 6800\pm 100$ K) and more puffy ($\log\left[g/\left({\rm cm\,s^{-2}}\right)\right]=4.74\pm0.07$) than any known extremely low mass (ELM) WD, but hotter than any known cataclysmic variable (CV) donor. It either completely or very nearly fills its Roche lobe ($R/R_{\rm Roche\,lobe}=0.99\pm0.01$), suggesting ongoing or recently terminated mass transfer. No dwarf nova-like outbursts have been observed. The spectrum is dominated by the proto-WD but shows tentative hints of H$α$ emission, perhaps due to accretion onto the massive WD. The properties of the system are well-matched by MESA binary evolution models of CVs with donors that underwent significant nuclear evolution before the onset of mass transfer. In these models, the bloated proto-WD is either still losing mass via stable Roche lobe overflow or was doing so until very recently. In either case, it is evolving toward higher temperatures at near-constant luminosity to become an ELM WD. If the system is detached, mass transfer likely ended when the donor became too hot for magnetic braking to remain efficient. Evolutionary models predict that the binary will shrink to $P_{\rm orb}\lesssim 10$ minutes within a few Gyr, when it will either merge or become an AM CVn binary. J0140 provides an observational link between the formation channels of CVs, ELM WDs, detached ultracompact WD binaries, and AM CVn systems.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures. Accepted to MNRAS
Faserqualität von Hanf
Creators: name: Gusovius, Hans-Jörg
name: Prochnow, Annette
name: Hahn, Jürgen
name: Müssig, Jörg
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1999

description: Im Anbaujahr 1997 erfolgten an zwei Standorten im Raum Potsdam Felduntersuchungen zum Einfluss von Ernteverfahren und Feldliegezeit auf die Faserqualität. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass durch Auswahl geeigneter Erntetechnik ein wesentlicher Einfluss auf die Faserqualität genommen werden kann. Entsprechend den Anforderungen der Verarbeitungsprozesse sowie der Produkte können die Qualitätseigenschaften in gewissen Grenzen auch über die optimale Gestaltung der Feldliegezeit beeinflusst werden.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 54 Nr. 4 (1999)
Heiz- und Elektroenergiekonsum in der Ferkelaufzucht
Creators: name: Büscher, Wolfgang
name: Kluge, Jens
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1999

description: Zahlreiche neue Entwicklungen zur technischen Ausrüstungen von konventionellen zwangsbelüfteten Ferkelaufzuchtställen sollen die Kosten senken und die Betriebsergebnisse steigern. Die laufenden Untersuchungen sollen dazu dienen, unter Praxisbedingungen in sechs Stallabteilen Vergleiche zur verschiedenen Heizungstechniken und Ventilator-Steuergerät-Kombinationen durchzuführen. Besonders vorteilhaft haben sich die Energiesparventilatoren erwiesen, die bisher schon zu einer Stromeinsparung von über 30 % geführt haben.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 54 Nr. 4 (1999)
On the validity and breakdown of the Onsager symmetry in mesoscopic conductors interacting with environments
Creators: name: Sanchez, David
name: Kang, Kicheon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate magnetic-field asymmetries in the linear transport of a mesoscopic conductor interacting with its environment. Interestingly, we find that the interaction between the two systems causes an asymmetry only when the environment is out of equilibrium. We elucidate our general result with the help of a quantum dot capacitively coupled to a quantum Hall conductor and discuss the asymmetry dependence on the environment bias and induced dephasing.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; discussions clarified; published version
Einflussgrößen der NH3-Emission aus Festmist
Creators: name: Krötz, Wieland
name: Englert, Gerhard
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1999

description: Ausgangspunkte für die Entwicklung von verfahrenstechnischen Maßnahmen zur Verringerung der NH3-Emission aus Festmist sind die maßgebenden Einflussgrößen. Um diese ermitteln zu können, wurde als Forschungsansatz die Bildung und Simulation eines System-Rechenmodells gewählt. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Modellannahmen und Modellüberprüfung und stellt die Ergebnisse von Sensitivitätsanalysen sowie daraus abgeleitete Überlegungen zu verfahrenstechnischen Maßnahmen der Emissionsminderung vor.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 54 Nr. 4 (1999)
Hadrons in Medium -- Theory confronts experiment
Creators: name: Eichstaedt, Fabian
name: Leupold, Stefan
name: Mosel, Ulrich
name: Muehlich, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk we briefly summarize our theoretical understanding of in-medium selfenergies of hadrons. With the special case of the $ω$ meson we demonstrate that earlier calculations that predicted a significant lowering of the mass in medium are based on an incorrect treatment of the model Lagrangian; more consistent calculations lead to a significant broadening, but hardly any mass shift. We stress that the experimental reconstruction of hadron spectral functions from measured decay products always requires knowledge of the decay branching ratios which may also be strongly mass-dependent. It also requires a quantitatively reliable treatment of final state interactions which has to be part of any reliable theory.
description: Key Lecture at YKIS2006, Kyoto, Dec. 2006
Station-Keeping Requirements for Constellations of Free-Flying Collectors Used for Astronomical Imaging in Space
Creators: name: Allen, Ronald J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accuracy requirements on station-keeping for constellations of free-flying collectors coupled as (future) imaging arrays in space for astrophysics applications are examined. The basic imaging element of these arrays is the two-element interferometer. Accurate knowledge of two quantities is required: the \textit{projected baseline length}, which is the distance between the two interferometer elements projected on the plane tranverse to the line of sight to the target; and the \textit{optical path difference}, which is the difference in the distances from that transverse plane to the beam combiner. ``Rules-of-thumb'' are determined for the typical accuracy required on these parameters. The requirement on the projected baseline length is a \textit{knowledge} requirement and depends on the angular size of the targets of interest; it is generally at a level of half a meter for typical stellar targets, decreasing to perhaps a few centimeters only for the widest attainable fields of view. The requirement on the optical path difference is a \textit{control} requirement and is much tighter, depending on the bandwidth of the signal; it is at a level of half a wavelength for narrow (few %) signal bands, decreasing to $\approx 0.2 λ$ for the broadest bandwidths expected to be useful. Translation of these requirements into engineering requirements on station-keeping accuracy depends on the specific details of the collector constellation geometry. Several examples are provided to guide future application of the criteria presented here. Some implications for the design of such collector constellations and for the methods used to transform the information acquired into images are discussed.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, accepted 6/29/07 for the August 2007 issue of PASP