cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wheat Sourcing Practices And Challenges Of Mills Industry In Ethiopia
Creators: name: Gizaw, Samuel
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Mills firms in Ethiopia couldn`t utilize their milling capacity due to lack of enough wheat. This research assessed the sourcing practice and challenges of mills industries in Ethiopia. To this end, the percentage of the milling industry capacity utilized in this sub sector was assessed, and investigated the purchasing and procurement capacities and capabilities of firms. Qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used. Primary and secondary sources were employed. Under this study 80 mills firms located in five regions (Addis Ababa, Amhara, Oromia, Tigray, and Southern Nation Nationality Region) covered with both stratified and random sampling techniques. Firm's administrators were formally interviewed. The researcher used z-statistics and Analysis of Variance and other relevant tests in order to estimate the population mean. And the research finding recognized that mills firms in Ethiopia utilized as below 22 percent of their milling capacity due to lack of enough wheat. And unable to establish and implement capacity and capillarity on their purchasing function. It lastly affected the firms` expansion on their product line, unable to maintain their employer, and unable to compete in the domestic and international market (especially penetrate in neighbors country market). In order to strengthen the industry competitive capacity in the long run government should facilitate commercial wheat farming to increase production and supply sufficient wheat. But for the short run government should allow import of wheat in clustered mills association. Furthermore, millers should establish and implement capacity and capability of purchasing and procurement functionality
Assessment of Prevalence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Andassociated Factors Among Diabetic Patient Attending Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital Diabetic Clinic, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017
Creators: name: Yimam, Alewiya
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Background Diabetesmellitus is one of the endocrine disorders worldwide. It is estimated that, at the time of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, more than 10 % of patients have one or two risk factors for foot disease, such as peripheral neuropathy or peripheral vascular disease. The burden of diabetic foot disease is expected to increase given the increasing global prevalence of diabetic foot ulcer Worldwide, 3 %–10 % of people with diabetes have a foot ulcer; the lifetime risk for developing is 15 %. Rates of foot ulceration in Africa vary between regions and have been estimated to be between 4 % and 19 %.Associated factors apart from as peripheral neuropathy or peripheral vascular disease , barefoot walking, inappropriate footwear, poor foot hygiene and delay in seeking medical care . Objective: To assess prevalence of diabetic foot ulcer and associated factors at TikurAnbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017. Methods and Analyses: - An institution based cross sectional quantitative study design was conducted from April 1st to May 1st 2017. TikurAnbessa Specialized Hospitalwas selected purposively. Sample size was calculated by using single population proportion sample formula and the final sample size was 203. Study subject were selected using simple random sampling method. Data was checked for completeness, cleaned, coded and entered into EPI data version 3.1and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Descriptive statistics, frequency, proportion, mean and SD was used to describe variables. Binary logistic regression and multivariate regression including odds ratio with 95%CI was used to identify association between dependent and independent variables. P-value less than 0.05 were considered as significance level for associations. Result: The prevalence ofdiabetic foot ulcer cases among diabetic patient was 26%. Of the 198 respondents, 106 (53%) were males with the remaining females. Occupation {(AOR=8.16; CI (1.2, 9.5)} and place of place residence {(AOR=5.97; CI(1.47, 24.3)} was significantly associated with diabetic foot ulcer. Conclusion and Recommendation: The study revealed that the prevalence of diabetic foot ulcer among diabetic patients in TikurAnbesa specialized Hospital was twenty six percent. Place of residence and occupation was associated with diabetic foot ulcer. There is a need to design and iintervention to reduce the incidence of diabetic foot ulcer. Keyword: diabetic foot ulcer, prevalence
Risk based assessment of loading on short span bridges
Creators: name: Khalaf., Hussein
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
An Update on Deductive Synthesis and Repair in the Leon Tool
Creators: name: Koukoutos, Manos
name: Kneuss, Etienne
name: Kuncak, Viktor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We report our progress in scaling deductive synthesis and repair of recursive functional Scala programs in the Leon tool. We describe new techniques, including a more precise mechanism for encoding the space of meaningful candidate programs. Our techniques increase the scope of synthesis by expanding the space of programs we can synthesize and by reducing the synthesis time in many cases. As a new example, we present a run-length encoding function for a list of values, which Leon can now automatically synthesize from specification consisting of the decoding function and the local minimality property of the encoded value.
description: In Proceedings SYNT 2016, arXiv:1611.07178
Testing Lorentz and CPT invariance with neutrinos
Creators: name: Diaz, Jorge S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino experiments can be considered sensitive tools to test Lorentz and CPT invariance. Taking advantage of the great variety of neutrino experiments, including neutrino oscillations, weak decays, and astrophysical neutrinos, the generic experimental signatures of the breakdown of these fundamental symmetries in the neutrino sector are presented.
description: 6 pages; accepted for publication in Symmetry
Why use Galaxy? Comparing the options for user-friendly bioinformatics
Creators: name: Loach, Marisa
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Galaxy is a popular platform for both beginners and experienced researchers, but it is only one of many options for learning and performing bioinformatics analyses. Given so many choices, it can be difficult for users to know whether Galaxy or one of the alternatives will be the best match for their needs. In order to assist users with this decision, a scoping review was performed to compare the options for managing bioinformatics tools and workflows.

 Workflow Management Systems (WMS) like Galaxy, Snakemake, and Nextflow can make bioinformatics easier, especially for users with little or no programming experience. WMS are online or downloadable platforms that provide access to and enable the use and management of multiple bioinformatics tools, workflows, or pipelines. The features of WMS can address some of the most pressing challenges of bioinformatics, notably accessibility, software sustainability, and reproducibility. However, only limited work has been done to compare these WMS and evaluate their usability.

 A scoping review and usability evaluation of WMS was performed to identify the features these platforms currently provide to improve user experience and ensure accessibility, sustainability, and reproducibility. A systematic literature search was performed to identify peer-reviewed papers from the last five years that described or evaluated bioinformatics WMS, also known as platforms, workbenches, or toolkits. Additional or updated information was obtained from the platform websites and documentation where necessary. Due to the limited literature on this topic, the WMS identified during the search were also directly investigated by performing usability evaluations.

 The WMS will be evaluated based on the availability and quality of features that address common challenges in bioinformatics. Accessibility is increased by clear, consistent layouts with multiple options for controlling tools. Reproducibility is enhanced by features that enable histories and workflows to be saved and shared. Sustainability is ensured by regular maintenance and the support of an active community. These features, together with the usability of the platform, can determine how well it will meet the needs of users.

 This review of WMS is expected to help students, teachers, and researchers to select the most appropriate platform according to their needs, whether that is Galaxy or another option. It will also enable developers to make new and existing platforms more user-friendly.
Three-dimensional finite element modeling of insertion of electrode array into the human cochlea
Creators: name: Kha., Hung Nien
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The transient performance of networks using ABR congestion control
Creators: name: Kershaw., James
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Solar Abundances of Rock Forming Elements, Extreme Oxygen and Hydrogen in a Young Polluted White Dwarf
Creators: name: Farihi, J.
name: Koester, D.
name: Zuckerman, B.
name: Vican, L.
name: Gänsicke, B. T.
name: Smith, N.
name: Walth, G.
name: Breedt, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Teff = 20,800 K white dwarf WD 1536+520 is shown to have broadly solar abundances of the major rock forming elements O, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, and Fe, together with a strong relative depletion in the volatile elements C and S. In addition to the highest metal abundances observed to date, including log(O/He) = -3.4, the helium-dominated atmosphere has an exceptional hydrogen abundance at log(H/He) = -1.7. Within the uncertainties, the metal-to-metal ratios are consistent with the accretion of an H2O-rich and rocky parent body, an interpretation supported by the anomalously high trace hydrogen. The mixed atmosphere yields unusually short diffusion timescales for a helium atmosphere white dwarf, of no more than a few hundred yr, and equivalent to those in a much cooler, hydrogen-rich star. The overall heavy element abundances of the disrupted parent body deviate modestly from a bulk Earth pattern, and suggest the deposition of some core-like material. The total inferred accretion rate is 4.2e9 g/s, and at least 4 times higher than any white dwarf with a comparable diffusion timescale. Notably, when accretion is exhausted in this system, both metals and hydrogen will become undetectable within roughly 300 Myr, thus supporting a scenario where the trace hydrogen is related to the ongoing accretion of planetary debris.
description: To be published in MNRAS
Conformal symmetry breaking operators for anti-de Sitter spaces
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Toshiyuki
name: Kubo, Toshihisa
name: Pevzner, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 53A30, 53Z05, Secondary 53C10, 22E70

description: For a pseudo-Riemannian manifold $X$ and a totally geodesic hypersurface $Y$, we consider the problem of constructing and classifying all linear differential operators $\mathcal{E}^i(X) \to \mathcal{E}^j(Y)$ between the spaces of differential forms that intertwine multiplier representations of the Lie algebra of conformal vector fields. Extending the recent results in the Riemannian setting by Kobayashi-Kubo-Pevzner [Lecture Notes in Math.~2170, (2016)], we construct such differential operators and give a classification of them in the pseudo-Riemannian setting where both $X$ and $Y$ are of constant sectional curvature, illustrated by the examples of anti-de Sitter spaces and hyperbolic spaces.
description: 18 pages
Assessment of Failure on Drainage Structures along the Ethiopian National Railway line of Sebeta-Mieso
Creators: name: Yerosan, Abera
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: A railway drainage system gives vital role for effective, efficient operation of rail track. This study worked on an assessment of railway drainage system problem along the Addis Ababa- Mieso railway line, specifically on Akaki rives crossing. It was done to check adequacy of hydraulic structure provided on Akaki River crossing by undertaking hydrologic and hydraulic analysis. Hydrologic modeling of the Akaki catchment area was developed by HEC-GeoHMS program with the help of Arc-GIS and hydrologic analysis was computed by HEC-HMS program. The catchment land use, soil type, rainfall data, Akaki river stream flow data, etc were used to develop hydrological model. SCS unit hydrograph and flood frequency analysis methods were used to estimate instantaneous peak design discharge for 50 and 100 year return period. Model input parameters were calibrated and verified with observed flow data of the river at Akaki gauging station. Design discharge computed in this case for 50/100 year return period was 743.2m3/s and 834.5m3/s respectively at bridge location from catchment area of 894km2, where these values were used to check adequacy of the bridge. Hydraulic models were developed to determine water-surface profiles along the stream reaches for the discharges established in the hydrologic analyses The HEC-RAS step-backwater hydraulic analysis model was used to determine water-surface profiles for the bridge. Crosssectional elevation data, hydraulic-structure geometries, roughness coefficients along with peakdischarge estimated were used as input for the model. Based on available data's water surface profile for peak discharge was determined by the program. Finally adequacy of the bridge was evaluated for both peak discharges. Although the site of the bridge was fixed based on geometrical alignment of railway, the output of HEC-RAS analysis confirmed that Akaki Railway Bridge has sufficient size to safely convey both peak design flow during the design period. Thus, it is Akaki Railway Bridge was hydraulically efficient over its design period.
Measurement-induced decoherence and information in double-slit interference
Creators: name: Kincaid, Joshua
name: McLelland, Kyle
name: Zwolak, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The double slit experiment provides a classic example of both interference and the effect of observation in quantum physics. When particles are sent individually through a pair of slits, a wave-like interference pattern develops, but no such interference is found when one observes which "path" the particles take. We present a model of interference, dephasing, and measurement-induced decoherence in a one-dimensional version of the double-slit experiment. Using this model, we demonstrate how the loss of interference in the system is correlated with the information gain by the measuring apparatus/observer. In doing so, we give a modern account of measurement in this paradigmatic example of quantum physics that is accessible to students taking quantum mechanics at the graduate or senior undergraduate levels.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Non-perturbative determination of improvement coefficients using coordinate space correlators in $N_f=2+1$ lattice QCD
Creators: name: Korcyl, Piotr
name: Bali, Gunnar S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine quark mass dependent order $a$ improvement terms of the form $b_J am$ for non-singlet scalar, pseudoscalar, vector and axialvector currents, using correlators in coordinate space. We use a set of CLS ensembles comprising non-perturbatively improved Wilson Fermions and the tree-level Luescher-Weisz gauge action at $β=3.4,3.46,3.55$ and $β=3.7$, corresponding to lattice spacings $a$ ranging from $0.05$ fm to $0.09$ fm. We report the values of the $b_J$ improvement coefficients which are proportional to non-singlet quark mass combinations and also discuss the possibility of determining the $\bar{b}_J$ coefficients which are proportional to the trace of the quark mass matrix.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, Proceedings from the 34th annual International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, 24-30 July 2016, University of Southampton, UK
The Reactive Synthesis Competition: SYNTCOMP 2016 and Beyond
Creators: name: Jacobs, Swen
name: Bloem, Roderick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We report on the design of the third reactive synthesis competition (SYNTCOMP 2016), including a major extension of the competition to specifications in full linear temporal logic. We give a brief overview of the synthesis problem as considered in SYNTCOMP, and present the rules of the competition in 2016, as well as the ideas behind our design choices. Furthermore, we evaluate the recent changes to the competition based on the experiences with SYNTCOMP 2016. Finally, we give an outlook on further changes and extensions of the competition that are planned for the future.
description: In Proceedings SYNT 2016, arXiv:1611.07178
Vibronic spectroscopy of sympathetically cooled CaH$^+$
Creators: name: Rugango, Rene
name: Calvin, Aaron T.
name: Janardan, Smitha
name: Shu, Gang
name: Brown, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the measurement of the 1$^{1}Σ\longrightarrow$ 2$^{1}Σ$ transition of CaH$^+$ by resonance-enhanced photodissociation of CaH$^+$ that is co-trapped with laser-cooled Ca$^+$ . We observe four resonances that we assign to transitions from the vibrational $v$=0 ground state to the $v'$=1-4 excited states based on theoretical predictions. A simple theoretical model that assumes instantaneous dissociation after resonant excitation yield results in good agreement with the observed spectral features except for the unobserved $v'$=0 peak. The resolution of our experiment is limited by the mode-locked excitation laser, but this survey spectroscopy enables future rotationally resolved studies with applications in astrochemistry and precision measurement.
description: pre-peer-reviewed version of R. Rugango et al. ChemPhysChem, (Early online see DOI) (2016). Peer-reviewed version will be arxived after the embargo period
Assessment Of Supply Chain Performance - The Case Of Ethio Telecom
Creators: name: Basha, Iman
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: The objective of this study is to assess supply chain performance of ethio telecom. The study used descriptive as well as explanatory research designs. In this study, census and judgmental sampling method for quantitative and qualitative methods were used respectively. Primary type of data was collected with the help of standard questionnaires and semi structured interview. In order to examine the relationships between the variables, Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression analysis were used. The research comes up with the following findings. Although strategic supplier partnership is the key factor that has a strong positive relationship and highest effect on supply chain performance followed by customer relationship and information sharing in this study, the level of practice is not at a strong level yet. Furthermore, the result from the interview confirms that ethio telecom has supply chain management challenges related to inventory management, delivery & customer response time, inadequate planning, and communication. The supply chain management practice of ethio telecom is weak; it is not well managed, and implemented to get the maximum possible benefits resulting from effective supply chain management. Finally ethio telecom should engage in training of the work force and developing supply chain management skills through workshops and systematic training programmes and promote learning from relevant successful experiences in this area
Analysis of Fatigue Failure on Motor Powered Train Axle of AALRT
Creators: name: Beza, Takele
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Fatigue is one kind of phenomena that results breakdown of such material that are under a cyclic load or repeated stress. Fatigue is a main process resulting in a structural degradation and failure during axles' service life. Railway axles are commonly operated over a service life of 30 years or more which refers to a very high number of loading cycles in the order of 10 iii 9. This project is all about AALRT train axle failures due to fatigue and discus about how to analyze the fatigue and stress. The reason why the project idea directed to around this area is that nowadays AALRT is operating beyond its design limit. The train designed to load 8 persons in one meter square space in the condition of overload. But practically the train is operating by loading more than 8 passengers in one meter square space. When the train load and operates beyond its design load limit many parts of the train life span will be shorten. One of the sensitive parts of the train that could easily damage and may cause derailment accident is axle. Because the whole train load directs toward to the axle. So the train axle will subject to fatigue and finally failure. The objective of this project is analyzing the axle of AALRT to clearly specify its fatigue life and stress concentration and distribution. This is done by collecting the data from ERC and Internet and analyzing the data that collected using formulas and software. The result will be discussed by comparing the axle fatigue life with the standard axle fatigue life.. And it tried to show that stress analysis by using software like Abacus. According to the data collected and by using approaches and software At Leghar station which is on the worst loading condition the result of the Maximum Principal Stress and the von misses stress are N/m 2 2017 and N/m 2 respectively. The result of the pressure is N/m 2 . The reaction force is N. The fatigue life is calculated as cycles. . When comparing with the standard axle life it's found that the life of the AALRT axle life has less fatigue life. According to the standard axle life the cycle of the fatigue life reaches more than Giga cycles. The result validates and it is proven. Therefore AALRT should load passengers according to its design load limit and adding additional trailer will make less and disperse the concentrated axle load. Another solution is that using better fatigue resistant material for the axle would make longer the life of the axle.
Studying the $ρ$ resonance parameters with staggered fermions
Creators: name: Fu, Ziwen
name: Wang, Lingyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We deliver a lattice study of $ρ$ resonance parameters with p-wave $ππ$ scattering phases, which are extracted by finite-size methods at one center-of-mass frame and four moving frames for six MILC lattice ensembles with pion masses ranging from $346$ to $ 176$ MeV. The effective range formula is applied to describe the scattering phases as a function of the energy covering the resonance region, this allows us to extract $ρ$ resonance parameters and to investigate the quark-mass dependence. Lattice studies with three flavors of the Asqtad-improved staggered fermions enable us to use the moving-wall source technique on large lattice spatial dimensions ($L=64$) and small light $u/d$ quarks. Numerical computations are carried out at two lattice spacings, $a \approx 0.12$ and $0.09$ fm.
SyGuS-Comp 2016: Results and Analysis
Creators: name: Alur, Rajeev
name: Fisman, Dana
name: Singh, Rishabh
name: Solar-Lezama, Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.2; D.1.2; D.2.2; D.2.4;

description: Syntax-Guided Synthesis (SyGuS) is the computational problem of finding an implementation f that meets both a semantic constraint given by a logical formula $φ$ in a background theory T, and a syntactic constraint given by a grammar G, which specifies the allowed set of candidate implementations. Such a synthesis problem can be formally defined in SyGuS-IF, a language that is built on top of SMT-LIB. The Syntax-Guided Synthesis Competition (SyGuS-Comp) is an effort to facilitate, bring together and accelerate research and development of efficient solvers for SyGuS by providing a platform for evaluating different synthesis techniques on a comprehensive set of benchmarks. In this year's competition we added a new track devoted to programming by examples. This track consisted of two categories, one using the theory of bit-vectors and one using the theory of strings. This paper presents and analyses the results of SyGuS-Comp'16.
description: In Proceedings SYNT 2016, arXiv:1611.07178. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1602.01170
Probing shock geometry via the charge to mass ratio dependence of heavy ion spectra from multiple spacecraft observations of the 2013 November 4 event
Creators: name: Zhao, Lulu
name: Li, Gang
name: Mason, G. M.
name: Cohen, C.
name: Mewaldt, R. A.
name: Desai, M. I.
name: Ebert, R. W.
name: Dayeh, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In large SEP events, ions can be accelerated at CME-driven shocks to very high energies. Spectra of heavy ions in many large SEP events show features such as roll-overs or spectral breaks. In some events when the spectra are plotted in energy/nucleon they can be shifted relative to each other to make the spectral breaks align. The amount of shift is charge-to-mass ratio (Q/A) dependent and varies from event to event. This can be understood if the spectra of heavy ions are organized by the diffusion coefficients (Cohen et al., 2005). In the work of Li et al. (2009), the Q/A dependences of the scaling is related to shock geometry when the CME-driven shock is close to the Sun. For events where multiple in-situ spacecraft observations exist, one may expect that different spacecraft are connected to different portions of the CME-driven shock that have different shock geometries, therefore yielding different Q/A dependence. In this work, we examine one SEP event which occurred on 2013 November 4. We study the Q/A dependence of the energy scaling for heavy ion spectra using Helium, oxygen, and iron ions. Observations from STEREO-A, STEREO-B and ACE are examined. We find that the scalings are different for different spacecraft. We suggest that this is because ACE, STEREO-A and STEREO- B are connected to different parts of the shock that have different shock geometries. Our analysis indicates that studying the Q/A scaling of in-situ particle spectra can serve as a powerful tool to remotely examine the shock geometry for large SEP events.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Evidence of light guiding in ion-implanted diamond
Creators: name: Lagomarsino, S.
name: Olivero, P.
name: Bosia, F.
name: Vannoni, M.
name: Calusi, S.
name: Giuntini, L.
name: Massi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating light-waveguiding microstructures in bulk single-crystal diamond by means of direct ion implantation with a scanning microbeam, resulting in the modulation of the refractive index of the ion-beam damaged crystal. Direct evidence of waveguiding through such buried microchannels is obtained with a phase-shift micro-interferometric method allowing the study of the multi-modal structure of the propagating electromagnetic field. The possibility of defining optical and photonic structures by direct ion writing opens a range of new possibilities in the design of quantum-optical devices in bulk single crystal diamond.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Variations of the Interstellar Extinction Law within the Nearest Kiloparsec
Creators: name: Gontcharov, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multicolor photometry from the Tycho-2 and 2MASS catalogues for 11 990 OB and 30 671 K-type red giant branch stars is used to detect systematic large-scale variations of the interstellar extinction law within the nearest kiloparsec. The characteristic of the extinction law, the total-to-selective extinction ratio $R_V$, which also characterizes the size and other properties of interstellar dust grains, has been calculated for various regions of space by the extinction law extrapolation method. The results for the two classes of stars agree: the standard deviation of the "red giants minus OB" $R_V$ differences within 500 pc of the Sun is 0.2. The detected $R_V$ variations between 2.2 and 4.4 not only manifest themselves in individual clouds but also span the entire space near the Sun, following Galactic structures. In the Local Bubble within about 100 pc of the Sun, $R_V$ has a minimum. In the inner part of the Gould Belt and at high Galactic latitudes, at a distance of about 150 pc from the Sun, $R_V$ reaches a maximum and then decreases to its minimum in the outer part of the Belt and other directions at a distance of about 500 pc from the Sun, returning to its mean values far from the Sun. The detected maximum of $R_V$ at high Galactic latitudes is important when allowance is made for the interstellar extinction toward extragalactic objects. In addition, a monotonic increase in $R_V$ by 0.3 per kpc toward the Galactic center has been found near the Galactic equator. It is consistent with the result obtained by Zasowski et al. (2009) for much of the Galaxy. Ignoring the $R_V$ variations and traditionally using a single value for the entire space must lead to systematic errors in the calculated distances reaching 10\%.
description: 6 figures
Schedule Delay Identification and Assessment on Addis Ababa's Light Rail Transit Construction Project
Creators: name: Robel, Assefa
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: Delay is generally acknowledged as the most common, costly, complex and risky problem encountered in construction projects. Because of overriding importance of time for both the owner (in terms of performance) and the contractor (in terms of money), it is the source of frequent disputes and claims leading to lawsuits. The primary concern of these arguments is answering the question of the extent of each contracting party's responsibility for the delayed projects and extra cost incurred. Consequently much has been done to avoid disputes related to delays. The research reported in this thesis was initiated to investigate these issues by considering the case of Addis Ababa's LRT construction, towards developing a frame work for improving delay analysis. The methodology adopted in undertaking this research was the mixed approach involving a detailed review of the relevant literature followed by questionnaire survey and interviews to investigate the variables identified in more depth. The data collected were analyzed, with the aid of excel, using descriptive statistics approach. The research has revealed that the LRT construction project underway is exposed to delay caused by delayed site handover and right of way, lack of coordination with the stakeholders, delayed external work due to public agencies and poor economic conditions resulting time and cost overrun and several claim requests. In addition it was found out in the literature that methodologies for analyzing delays are different in various ways leading to difficulties and disputes associated with delay analysis. Therefore, best practice recommendations for avoiding the causes of delays identified and a model for assisting the analyst in selecting an appropriate delay analysis methodology for any claim situation were provided.
ผลของชนิดวัสดุห่อต่อคุณภาพผลผลิตมะเดื่อฝรั่งพันธุ์แบล็คแจ็ค
Creators: name: นุชจรี  สิงห์พันธ์
Publisher: name: คณะเทคโนโลยีการเกษตร มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2022
Subjects: มะเดื่อฝรั่ง
ห่อผล
คุณภาพผลผลิต

description: วารสารเกษตรพระวรุณ, 19, 2, 166-171
Swing trading: an overview of online gibbon trade in Indonesia over a six-year period
Creators: name: Abdi, Afrizal Maulana
name: Anasari, Silvi Dwi
name: Pareke, Farabby Asslam
name: Moore, Richard
name: Sanchez, Karmele Llano
name: Cheyne, Susan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: illegal primate trade
indonesia
social media
gibbons
wildlife crimes

description: We monitored Hylobatid species offered to be sale online during 2015-2020 in Facebook. The result is surprisingly high number of illegal trade of five species of gibbon in Indonesia.
Giving up gibbons: Using social media posts to understand the motives behind the surrender of gibbon pets in Indonesia
Creators: name: Abdi, Afrizal Maulana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: gibbon
Instagram
hand over
conservation
illegal keeping

description: All Indonesian gibbons or small apes (Hylobatidae) are considered ‘Endangered’ with threats including habitat loss and the illegal trade. Despite their protected status, gibbons remain a highly sought-after pet. In recent years, many pet gibbons have been surrendered to Indonesia’s Division of Natural Resources Conservation (BKSDA), which could be the result of increased public awareness. A better understanding of the motives behind these handovers could enable more targeted demand reduction campaigns in the future. We collected and analysed BKSDA Instagram posts and local media reports from 2016 to 2022 containing information of gibbon handovers. From the 119 posts obtained, 135 gibbons comprising six species from Sumatra (61%), Kalimantan (32%) and Java (8%) were surrendered over this period. Since 2016, the annual number of gibbons received by BKSDA steadily increased. From the 52 posts that contained information on handover motives, more than 80% indicated legal reasons and the remainder could be attributed to difficulties in handling the gibbon. Although often considered ineffective in mitigating trade, here we found law enforcement (direct or persuasive) and fear of the law to be the main reasons given for the handover of gibbons. Widely publicising successful law enforcement cases of gibbon trade through media campaigns could help to deter future buyers and reduce demand. More adequate and consistent penalties for possession of protected species may also help to discourage owners from simply offloading their pet gibbons to the authorities without consequence when the animal becomes too difficult to handle or it becomes a burden.
description: {"references": ["Abdi, Afrizal Maulana, Anasari, Silvi Dwi, Pareke, Farabby Asslam, Moore, Richard, Sanchez, Karmele Llano, & Cheyne, Susan. (2021, November 16). Swing trading: an overview of online gibbon trade in Indonesia over a six year period. Wildlife Ecology, Conservation, and Management International Conference (WECMIC), Indonesia. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6774940", "Brockelman, W. Y., Ulrich Reichard, Treesucon, U., & Jeremy J. Raemaekers. (1998). Dispersal, Pair Formation and Social Structure in Gibbons (Hylobates lar). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 42(5), 329 339. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4601460"]}
The Financial Development and Economic Growth: (Granger Causality Test)
Creators: name: Goshana, Temesgen
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: The study determines the causal relationship between financial development and economic growth in Ethiopia. In order to test for existence of long run relationship between the variables, the study employs a co integration and vector error correction model (VECM) technique. Granger causality test was applied to the variables to test for the direction of causation between variables. The study uses annual data for the period of 1980 to 2014. Economic growth is peroxide by gross domestic product, and financial development is peroxide by bank deposit, domestic credit, broadly defined money supply (M2); and credit to the private sector. The result shows that there is a stable long-run relationship between financial development and economic growth. The Granger causality test indicates that the causality runs from both directions which is economic growths to financial development and from financial development to economic growth. The results suggest that the real sector of the economy should be developed further in order to stimulate further development in the economy The results indicate that the causal effect of financial development for the economic growth is more than the economic effects to the financial development.
Transformation of catalytic species and char structure during the pyrolysis and gasification of biomass
Creators: name: Keown., Daniel
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude & Practice Towards Hiv /AIDS Among Commerclal Sex Workers of Alamata Woreda, 2014
Creators: name: Amare, Abebe
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2014

description: Background- HIV/AIDS is a major crisis that is increasingly affecting the most productive segments of the population in sub-Saharan African countries Objective- the main objective of this study is to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of HIV/AIDS prevention methods among commercial sex workers in Alamata woreda, Tigray, Ethiopia 2013. Methodology- Community based cross sectional study was conducted in Alamata woreda, Tigray . Those who practice sex work in their home were included in the study using purposive sampling. Data were collected by interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaire and entered using Epi info version 3.4 software and exported to SPSS software version 16 for analyses. Frequencies, percentage, chi-square with p-value were used to describe the study population in relation to relevant variables. The degree of association between independent and dependent variables were assessed using crude odd ratio with 95% confidence interval. Consecutively multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to control the potential confounding variables under the study. Results- Of those 106 participants 69(65.1%) were from the surrounding rural areas, 49(46.3%) were young aged between 15-25 years old with mean age of 23yrs and 96.2% of them were highly knowledgeable. All of the study participants (commercial sex workers) were most visited (had frequent sexual practice with) farmers. As shown in this study, 24.5% of the commercial sex workers reported as AIDS can be cured. The multivariate logistic regression analysis shows only place of origin was significantly associated with consistent use of condom. Conclusion - The high level of information and knowledge about AIDS seem to have little impact than the expected. Therefore, level targeted interventions towards sex workers and their clients can reduce HIV risk and vulnerability as well as reduce the number of new HIV infections among sex workers and the general populations. Recommendation - The ministry of health and other concerned bodies should have effective HIV & STIs programs based on clear understanding of " who the sex workers are, where the sex is practiced, and who their frequent clients are
Testing the Kerr metric with the iron line and the KRZ parametrization
Creators: name: Ni, Yueying
name: Jiang, Jiachen
name: Bambi, Cosimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spacetime geometry around astrophysical black holes is supposed to be well approximated by the Kerr metric, but deviations from the Kerr solution are predicted in a number of scenarios involving new physics. Broad iron K$α$ lines are commonly observed in the X-ray spectrum of black holes and originate by X-ray fluorescence of the inner accretion disk. The profile of the iron line is sensitively affected by the spacetime geometry in the strong gravity region and can be used to test the Kerr black hole hypothesis. In this paper, we extend previous work in the literature. In particular: i) as test-metric, we employ the parametrization recently proposed by Konoplya, Rezzolla, and Zhidenko, which has a number of subtle advantages with respect to the existing approaches; ii) we perform simulations with specific X-ray missions, and we consider NuSTAR as a prototype of current observational facilities and eXTP as an example of the next generation of X-ray observatories. We find a significant difference between the constraining power of NuSTAR and eXTP. With NuSTAR, it is difficult or impossible to constrain deviations from the Kerr metric. With eXTP, in most cases we can obtain quite stringent constraints (modulo we have the correct astrophysical model).
description: 1+13 pages, 7 figures. v2: refereed version
Quantum Thermodynamics with Degenerate Eigenstate Coherences
Creators: name: Cuetara, Gregory Bulnes
name: Esposito, Massimiliano
name: Schaller, Gernot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish quantum thermodynamics for open quantum systems weakly coupled to their reservoirs when the system exhibits degeneracies. The first and second law of thermodynamics are derived, as well as a finite-time fluctuation theorem for mechanical work and energy and matter currents. Using a double quantum dot junction model, local eigenbasis coherences are shown to play a crucial role on thermodynamics and on the electron counting statistics.
description: 36 pages, 7 figures
The Effect Of Inventory Management Practice On Service Delivery: The Case Of Ethiopian Electric Utility
Creators: name: Melese, Bimrew
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: The research objective was to assess the impact of EEU inventory management practices on service delivery. The study was a descriptive research design. The target populations for the study were employees working at head office and 3 regions in Addis Ababa. Simple random sampling techniques were applied to select a sample size of 110 employees from both managerial and non managerial positions. 97 employees (88.18%) response rate was obtained. Primary data was mainly collected using self- administered questionnaires consisting of both open and closed ended questions with 5 point Likert Scale. Data were also collected through documents overview, interview and observation guide. The collected data were quantitatively analyzed using SPSS to produce descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The key findings from the study revealed that: The utility was not effective in practicing modern inventory management techniques instead there is poor inventory management system that results under stocking, overstocking, high cost, high customer complaints and poor service delivery. The study discovered that poor procurement planning, purchase of unnecessary materials and bulk purchase practices result the availability of excess amount of obsolete and non moving items. The study also revealed that lack of adequate qualified and well trained staffs (i.e., skill gaps and awareness) impede in implementing effective inventory management techniques. Moreover, Lack of up to date inventory policy and procedure, poor recording and documentation practice, poor communication, poor decision making among user departments, and poor inventory revaluation system all aggravate poor service delivery of the utility. The researcher recommends that there is need for EEU management to emphasize applying Optimized Inventory Management Techniques, Implementing Integrated and Automated Inventory Management System, Recruiting adequate and qualified staffs, Developing Employees Capacity, Implementing Proper Disposal System, Developing Up-to-date Inventory Management Policies & Procedures. The study also suggests that further study should be conducted to assess the Role of Management in adoption of integrated and computerized inventory control system
Data Suppression Algorithms for Surveillance Applications of Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks
Creators: name: Placzek, Bartlomiej
name: Bernas, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces algorithms for surveillance applications of wireless sensor and actor networks (WSANs) that reduce communication cost by suppressing unnecessary data transfers. The objective of the considered WSAN system is to capture and eliminate distributed targets in the shortest possible time. Computational experiments were performed to evaluate effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. The experimental results show that a considerable reduction of the communication costs together with a performance improvement of the WSAN system can be obtained by using the communication algorithms that are based on spatiotemporal and decision aware suppression methods.