cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Johnston, Lloyd interview conducted by Campbell/Spillane
Creators: name: Campbell, Nancy
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Abuse liability; Addiction; Addiction neuroscience; Addiction research; Behavioral pharmacology; Drug abuse; Drug dependence; Ethics of addiction research; Medication assisted treatment; Substance abuse disorder; Substance abuse treatment
subject: Health behavior and health education; History
subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities
subject: Health Sciences

description: Lloyd Johnston, Ph.D. is known for his lead seminal national research studies: “Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of the Lifestyles and Values of American Youth” (MTF) and the “Youth, Education, and Society” (YES) study, funded by the U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, respectively. MTF is an epidemiological study that reports current levels and trends in the use of a wide range of substances, from cigarettes and alcohol to marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and many other illicit drugs. Its design allows researchers to address age, cohort, and period effects on the use of these substances. Dr. Johnston and his collaborators have played an agenda-setting function by calling attention early to problems that are emerging and ones that are receding among youth. They also have demonstrated how particular attitudes and beliefs about each drug play a major role in young peoples’ use of the drug, which has helped to guide a great deal of the nation’s drug and alcohol prevention strategy. Source: Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan. https://www.src.isr.umich.edu/people/lloyd-johnston/ Accessed 07 June 2023. Note: A more extensive biography is available from the Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan at: https://isr.umich.edu/news-events/newsletter/researcher-profiles/lloyd-johnston/ Accessed 07 June 2023
SOLUTION OF MIXED STRATEGIC GAMES
Creators: name: Otesh, M.
name: Seitmuratov, A.
name: Zhakulova, K.T.
name: Janyssova, D.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für zeitgenössische Wissenschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: mixed strategy
conflict resolution
game theory
minimax strategy
mathematical expectation

description: The article analyzes the combined strategies used in game theory, and describes the combined strategy of randomly choosing one's own strategies using an example. Observance of the minimal strategy gives each player a gain of no more than  and a loss of no less than  . If the value of the game is v    , then the game is called fully definite or point games. If there is a point in the game matrix, then the game solution is known. Each player follows an effective strategy. If one player follows his own effective strategy, the other player cannot abandon his strategy.
Nursing instructors' and male nursing students' perceptions of undergraduate, classroom nursing education : an interpretive ethnographic study
Creators: name: Dyck, Jeffery Mark
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In Canadian schools of nursing, men constitute around 9% of the student cohort. Among the men who attend schools of nursing, rates of attrition are far higher than those of female students. There is little research that addresses the character and quality of male nursing students' educational experiences, nursing instructors' understandings of gender in the context of nursing education and the relationship between gender and the culture of the nursing classroom. This multi-site qualitative study utilized an interpretive ethnographic methodology and was conducted at two large, undergraduate schools of nursing in Western Canada. Data collection consisted of participant observation of 15 classroom teaching sessions (24 hours) followed by semi-structured interviews of between 60 and 90 minutes duration with 6 male, upper level nursing students who were participants in the classes and 6 female nursing instructors who taught the classes. Major themes that resulted from data analysis addressed the role of men in the nursing classroom and the culture of nursing education. The role of men in the nursing classroom was characterized by the theme of playing a different role: relying on traditional masculinities. Men's behaviours aligned closely with traditional masculinities and involved components of leadership, assertiveness, comic relief and risk-taking. The theme of masculinities in a feminine place addressed the sexualized and sometimes stereotyped identity of male nursing students, as well as the fact that they see themselves as being accommodated rather than integrated in the classroom setting. The theme of incongruence between masculinities and femininities involved the disconnect that men perceived between male and female priorities and learning styles, as well as the risks that men face in the maternity clinical rotation and around the use of touch in the clinical setting. These findings suggest that nursing instructors need to consider gender when planning and carrying out their teaching, avoid parody or stereotypes of masculinities, and avoid assumptions that male students are homogeneous. These actions could help lower the attrition rate of male nursing students and offset the nursing shortage. Further research that is longitudinal and which includes data from female students would help enrich these findings.
A global colour mosaic of Mars from Mars Express HRSC high altitude observations
Creators: name: Michael, G. G.
name: Tirsch, D.
name: Matz, K. -D.
name: Zuschneid, W.
name: Hauber, E.
name: Gwinner, K.
name: Walter, S.
name: Jaumann, R.
name: Roatsch, T.
name: Postberg, F.
name: Liu, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ever-changing transparency of the Martian atmosphere hinders the determination of absolute surface colour from spacecraft images. While individual high-resolution images from low orbit reveal numerous colour details of the geology, the colour variation between images caused by scattering off atmospheric dust can easily be of greater magnitude. The construction of contiguous large-scale mosaics has thus required a strategy to suppress the influence of scattering, often a form of high-pass filtering, which limits their ability to convey colour variation information over distances greater than the dimensions of single images. Here we use a dedicated high altitude observation campaign with the Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) (Neukum and Jaumann, 2004; Jaumann et al., 2007), applying a novel iterative method to construct a globally self-consistent colour model. We apply the model to colour-reference a high-altitude mosaic incor-porating long-range colour variation information. Using only the relative colour information internal to individual images, the influence of absolute image to image colour changes caused by scattering is minimised, while the model enables col-our variations across image boundaries to be self-consistently reconstructed. The resulting mosaic shows a level of colour detail comparable to single images, while maintaining continuity of colour features over much greater distances, thereby increasing the utility of HRSC colour images in the tracing and analysis of martian surface structures.
description: Published in Icarus (accepted 27.10.2024)
Italian Political Consumption Attitude Through Food Purchasing Choices: A Qualitative Analysis
Creators: name: Sacchi, Giovanna
name: Sacchi, Giovanna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Sustainable consumption
subject: Political Consumerism
subject: Collaborative consumption
subject: Italian Solidaritybased
subject: Purchasing Groups
subject: Focus Group

description: Currently, many consumers have expressed strong opinions about food production process, its distribution, and guaranteeing models. Consumers’ concerns about ecological and social sustainability issues can have significant impactson both food demand and food policies. Sustainable consumption attitude has been analysed in the framework of Political Consumerism and Collaborative Consumption theories by administering six focus groups among Italian critical consumers. Findings provide insights that represent a fruitful starting point for deepening the analysis of critical consumer behaviour at a broader level in order to sustain and spread eco-socially production practices.
Effect of inhomogeneous magnetic flux on double-dot Aharonov-Bohm Interferometer
Creators: name: Bai, Zhi-Ming
name: Yang, Min-Fong
name: Chen, Yung-Chung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of the inhomogeneous distribution of the magnetic flux on quantum transport through coupled double quantum dots embedded in an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer are investigated. We show that the effective tunnelling coupling between two dots can be tuned by the magnetic flux imbalance threading two AB subrings. Thus the conductance and the local densities of states become periodic functions of the magnetic flux imbalance. Therefore, transport signals can be manipulated by adjusting the magnetic flux imbalance. Thus accurate control of the distribution of the magnetic flux is necessary for any practical application of such an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer.
description: RevTeX 4, 8 pages, 4 EPS figures, Published version
Pipe Dreams: A Critical Evaluation of the STEM Pipeline Metaphor
Creators: name: Cano, Mia
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: College students' writings

description: This essay won or received an honorable mention for The Boothe Prize for excellence in first-year writing. The Boothe Prize recognizes and rewards outstanding expository and argumentative writing by undergraduate students in first-year classes that satisfy the WR 1 requirement. In each award-winning essay, student writers demonstrate clarity of argument, excellent integration of research-based evidence, and compelling prose style.
title: Johnson, Rolley (Ed) interview conducted by Campbell/Spillane
Creators: name: Campbell, Nancy
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Abuse liability; Addiction; Addiction neuroscience; Addiction research; Behavioral pharmacology; Drug abuse; Drug dependence; Ethics of addiction research; Medication assisted treatment; Substance abuse disorder; Substance abuse treatment
subject: Health behavior and health education; History
subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities
subject: Health Sciences

description: Rolley E. (Ed) Johnson, PharmD Vice President Clinical, Scientific and Regulatory at Reckitt Benckiser No information found other than transcript. No photo found. Source: Transcript.
The White Dwarf Binary Pathways Survey III: contamination from hierarchical triples containing a white dwarf
Creators: name: Lagos, F.
name: Schreiber, M. R.
name: Parsons, S. G.
name: Zurlo, A.
name: Mesa, D.
name: Gänsicke, B. T.
name: Brahm, R.
name: Caceres, C.
name: Canovas, H.
name: Hernandez, M-S.
name: Jordan, A.
name: Koester, D.
name: Schmidtobreick, L.
name: Tappert, C.
name: Zorotovic, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The White Dwarf Binary Pathways Survey aims at increasing the number of known detached A, F, G and K main sequence stars in close orbits with white dwarf companions (WD+AFGK binaries) to refine our understanding about compact binary evolution and the nature of Supernova Ia progenitors. These close WD+AFGK binary stars are expected to form through common envelope evolution, in which tidal forces tend to circularize the orbit. However, some of the identified WD+AFGK binary candidates show eccentric orbits, indicating that these systems are either formed through a different mechanism or perhaps they are not close WD+AFGK binaries. We observed one of these eccentric WD+AFGK binaries with SPHERE and find that the system TYC 7218-934-1 is in fact a triple system where the WD is a distant companion. The inner binary likely consists of the G-type star plus an unseen low mass companion in an eccentric orbit. Based on this finding, we estimate the fraction of triple systems that could contaminate the WD+AFGK sample. We find that less than 15 per cent of our targets with orbital periods shorter than 100 days might be hierarchical triples.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Herman, Joseph interview conducted by Campbell/Spillane
Creators: name: Campbell, Nancy
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Abuse liability; Addiction; Addiction neuroscience; Addiction research; Behavioral pharmacology; Drug abuse; Drug dependence; Ethics of addiction research; Medication assisted treatment; Substance abuse disorder; Substance abuse treatment
subject: Health behavior and health education; History
subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities
subject: Health Sciences

description: Herman Joseph, Ph.D. was animportant influence on the addiction and criminal justice fields during the latter 20th and early 21st century. For more than 50 years he worked as a social research scientist in the interrelated fields of addiction, treatment, criminal justice, street studies, homelessness, basic research and program development at the New York City Office of Probation, the Rockefeller University, and the New York State Office of Alcoholism and Substance Abuse Services (OASAS). Dr. Joseph died in 2019. Source: National Alliance for Medication Assisted Recovery. https://namarecovery.org/herman-joseph-phd-1931-2019/ Accessed 07 June 2023. Note: A more extensive biography is available from the National Alliance for Medication Assisted Recovery at: https://namarecovery.org/herman-joseph-phd-1931-2019/ Accessed 07 June 2023
Additional file 1 of MAPK signaling determines lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-induced inflammation in microglia
Creators: name: Plastira, Ioanna
name: Bernhart, Eva
name: Joshi, Lisha
name: Chintan N. Koyani
name: Strohmaier, Heimo
name: Reicher, Helga
name: Malle, Ernst
name: Sattler, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Information.
The strong perfect graph conjecture
Creators: name: Cornuéjols, Gérard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C17

description: A graph is {\em perfect} if, in all its induced subgraphs, the size of a largest clique is equal to the chromatic number. Examples of perfect graphs include bipartite graphs, line graphs of bipartite graphs and the complements of such graphs. These four classes of perfect graphs will be called {\em basic}. In 1960, Berge formulated two conjectures about perfect graphs, one stronger than the other. The weak perfect graph conjecture, which states that a graph is perfect if and only if its complement is perfect, was proved in 1972 by Lovász. This result is now known as the perfect graph theorem. The strong perfect graph conjecture (SPGC) states that a graph is perfect if and only if it does not contain an odd hole or its complement. The SPGC has attracted a lot of attention. It was proved recently (May 2002) in a remarkable sequence of results by Chudnovsky, Robertson, Seymour and Thomas. The proof is difficult and, as of this writing, they are still checking the details. Here we give a flavor of the proof.
Echoes from corpuscular black holes
Creators: name: Buoninfante, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the corpuscular picture of black hole there exists no geometric notion of horizon which, instead, only emerges in the semi-classical limit. Therefore, it is very natural to ask - what happens if we send a signal towards a corpuscular black hole? We show that quantum effects at the horizon scale imply the existence of a surface located at an effective radius $R=R_s(1+ε)$ slightly larger than the Schwarzschild radius $R_s,$ where $ε=1/N$ and $N$ is the number of gravitons composing the system. Consequently, the reflectivity of the object can be non-zero and, indeed, we find that incoming waves with energies comparable to the Hawking temperature can have a probability of backscattering of order one. Thus, modes can be trapped between the two potential barriers located at the photon sphere and at the surface of a corpuscular black hole, and periodic echoes can be produced. The time delay of echoes turns out to be of the same order of the scrambling time, i.e., in units of Planck length it reads $\sqrt{N}\,{\rm log}\,N.$ We also show that the $ε$-parameter, or in other words the compactness, of a corpuscular black hole coincides with the quantum coupling that measures the interaction strength among gravitons, and discuss the physical implications of this remarkable feature.
description: V2: 16 pages, 1 figure. Version accepted for publication in JCAP
Land property rights, agricultural intensification, and deforestation in Indonesia
Creators: name: Kubitza, Christoph
name: Krishna, Vijesh
name: Urban, Kira
name: Qaim, Matin
name: Kubitza, Christoph
name: Krishna, Vijesh
name: Urban, Kira
name: Qaim, Matin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Property rights
subject: Agricultural intensification
subject: Deforestation

description: The expansion of agricultural land remains one of the main drivers of deforestation in tropical regions, with severe negative environmental consequences. Stronger land property rights could possibly enable farmers to increase input intensity and productivity on the already cultivated land, thus reducing incentives to expand their farms by deforesting additional land. This hypothesis is tested with data from a panel survey of farm households in Sumatra, Indonesia, one of the hotspots of recent rainforest loss due to agricultural area expansion. The survey data are combined with satellite imageries to account for spatial patterns, such as historical forest locations. Results show that plots for which farmers hold formal land titles are cultivated more intensively than untitled plots, even after controlling for other relevant factors. Land titles also contribute to higher crop yields, hence confirming expectations. However, due to land policy restrictions, farmers located at the historic forest margins often do not hold formal titles for the land they cultivate. Without land titles, these farmers are less able to intensify and more likely to expand into the surrounding forest land to increase agricultural output. Indeed, forest closeness and past deforestation activities by households are found to be positively associated with current farm size. The findings suggest that the observed land policy restrictions are not conducive for forest conservation. In addition to improving farmer’s access to land titles for non-forest land, better recognition of customary land rights and moreeffective protection of forest land without recognized claims could be useful policy responses.
The seventh bulb : a middle grade historical fiction novel
Creators: name: Dodwell-Groves, Laura
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In this work of historical fiction, a twelve-year-old girl called Emmetje journeys from the streets of Constantinople to the decks of a smuggling boat and on to the back streets and canals of 17t h century Amsterdam. In her pocket she carries the bulb of a unique blue tulip, and in her hand is a strange treasure map that uncovers the heart of a nation's strange obsession. Emmetje's mother had drawn tulips. Hovering beside the elegant petals she drew butterflies, and on their wings she drew her map. Compelled by curiosity and an adventurous spirit, Emme sets out to discover where her mother's map might lead. Her journey is shared by her three-legged tabby cat and a cabin boy called Sander. Emmetje's journey inevitably becomes one of self-discovery where fathers, mothers and horticulture all play their part. The blue tulip bulb is the silent hero, but the not so silent metaphor for Emmetje's identity. Precious, protected, rich with potential and waiting to bloom.
title: Risk of stillbirth following in vitro methods of conception: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Wong, Karen
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: Objective The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine if there is an increased risk of stillbirth among singleton gestations following in vitro methods of conception (including in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection) compared with non-in vitro methods of conception (including spontaneous conception, intrauterine insemination, or ovarian stimulation). Methods Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to June 2019. Reference lists of included studies and obstetric guidelines were also reviewed. Metaanalysis was undertaken using a random effects model and inverse variance methods to produce a summary odds ratio. Subgroup analyses were completed by type of in vitro or non-in vitro method. Results Thirty-three cohort studies, and one case-control study met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. There was an increased odds of stillbirth associated with in vitro methods of conception, (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.23-1.67). A subgroup analysis demonstrated no increased risk when comparing in vitro methods to those conceiving with a history of infertility. Conclusion Compared to non-in vitro methods of conception, in vitro methods are associated with an increased risk of stillbirth. There is insufficient evidence to determine whether this risk is due to the treatment modality or underlying infertility.
title: Kleber, Herb interview conducted by Campbell/Spillane
Creators: name: Campbell, Nancy
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Abuse liability; Addiction; Addiction neuroscience; Addiction research; Behavioral pharmacology; Drug abuse; Drug dependence; Ethics of addiction research; Medication assisted treatment; Substance abuse disorder; Substance abuse treatment
subject: Health behavior and health education; History
subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities
subject: Health Sciences

description: Herbert D. Kleber, M.D., was Professor of Psychiatry at Columbia University at the time of his death in 2018. Upon joining the Yale Psychiatry faculty in 1968, he founded and headed the Drug Dependence Unit at Yale University. Under his leadership, this unit had a transformative local and national impact. Dr. George Heninger, Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry, remembers that Dr. Kleber “brought addiction treatment out of the dark ages.” His unit conducted groundbreaking research on the phenomenology and treatment of opiate, stimulant, cannabis, and alcohol abuse. It conducted the first clinical trial of clonidine, the first non-opiate treatment for opiate dependence. Dr. Kleber and his team introduced opiate maintenance treatment, cognitive behavioral treatments, and other innovations to Connecticut. Along the way, Dr. Kleber mentored the next generation of transformative leaders in the field of substance abuse research. In 1989, Dr. Kleber left Yale for a position in the George H.W. Bush White House, as Deputy Director for Demand Reduction for the Office of National Drug Control Policy. In this role, he was tasked with framing the national strategy to reduce addiction through prevention and treatment. After Washington, Dr. Kleber moved to Columbia University. At Columbia, Dr. Kleber created the Division of Substance Abuse and developed it into one of the leading programs of its kind in the nation. He stepped down from his Columbia leadership position in 2016. At Yale, he created the Addiction Prevention and Treatment (APT) Foundation, which still exists, to accelerate the delivery of substance abuse treatment and to enhance the substance abuse research mission. In 1992, while at Columbia, he co-founded and served as Executive Vice President for the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (CASA) to advance national substance abuse policy. CASA also remains active. He was a prolific writer, with over 300 published papers and several books, including The American Psychiatric Press Textbook of Substance Abuse Treatment. Source: Yale School of Medicine. https://medicine.yale.edu/news-article/in-memoriam-dr-herbert-d-kleber/ Accessed 07 June 2023
Second-order adjoint-based sensitivity for hydrodynamic stability and control
Creators: name: Boujo, Edouard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adjoint-based sensitivity analysis is routinely used today to assess efficiently the effect of open-loop control on the linear stability properties of unstable flows. Sensitivity maps identify regions where small-amplitude control is the most effective, i.e. yields the largest first-order (linear) eigenvalue variation. In this study an adjoint method is proposed for computing a second-order (quadratic) sensitivity operator, and applied to the flow past a circular cylinder, controlled with a steady body force or a passive device model. Maps of second-order eigenvalue variations are obtained, without computing controlled base flows and eigenmodes. For finite control amplitudes, the second-order analysis improves the accuracy of the first-order prediction, and informs about its range of validity, and whether it underestimates or overestimates the actual eigenvalue variation. Regions are identified where control has little or no first-order effect but a second-order effect. In the cylinder wake, the effect of a control cylinder tends to be underestimated by the first-order sensitivity, and including second-order effects yields larger regions of flow restabilisation. Second-order effects can be decomposed into two mechanisms: second-order base flow modification, and interaction between first-order modifications of the base flow and eigenmode. Both contribute equally in general in sensitive regions of the cylinder wake. Exploiting the second-order sensitivity operator, the optimal control maximising the total second-order stabilisation is computed via a quadratic eigenvalue problem. The approach is applicable to other types of control (e.g. wall blowing/suction and shape deformation) and other eigenvalue problems (e.g. amplification of time-harmonic perturbations, or resolvent gain, in stable flows).
description: 32 pages, 14 figures
Heavy Quark Radiative Energy Loss - Applications to RHIC
Creators: name: Djordjevic, Magdalena
name: Gyulassy, Miklos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy quark energy loss in a hot QCD plasma is computed taking into account the competing effects due to suppression of zeroth order gluon radiation bellow the plasma frequency and the enhancement of gluon radiation due to transition energy loss and medium induced Bremsstrahlung. Heavy quark medium induced radiative energy loss is derived to all orders in opacity, $(L/λ_g)^n$. Numerical evaluation of the energy loss suggest small suppression of high $p_\perp$ charm quarks, and therefore provide a possible explanation for the null effects observed by PHENIX in the prompt electron spectrum in $Au+Au$ as $\sqrt{s}=130$ and 200 AGeV.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Contributed to 17th International Conference on Ultra Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2004), Oakland, California, 11-17 Jan 2004
title: Kandel, Denise interview conducted by Campbell/Spillane
Creators: name: Campbell, Nancy
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Abuse liability; Addiction; Addiction neuroscience; Addiction research; Behavioral pharmacology; Drug abuse; Drug dependence; Ethics of addiction research; Medication assisted treatment; Substance abuse disorder; Substance abuse treatment
subject: Health behavior and health education; History
subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities
subject: Health Sciences

description: Denise Kandel, Ph.D., is a medical sociologist and epidemiologist, Professor of Sociomedical Sciences and Psychiatry at Columbia University and Head of the Department of Epidemiology of Substance Abuse at the New York State Psychiatric Institute. She is known for her epidemiological longitudinal studies on the sequence of first-time use of various legal and illegal drugs, carried out beginning in the 1970s and continuing until at least 2016. Sources: “Denise Kandel” Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denise_Kandel Accessed 07 June 2023. Columbia University Department of Psychiatry. https://www.columbiapsychiatry.org/profile/denise-b-kandel-phd Accessed 04 Feb 2023.
title: The controls of radioelement distribution in the Etive and Cairngorm granites: Implications for heat production
Creators: name: Barritt, Sally D.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1984

description: Radiometric, whole rock trace element and petrological studies are reported for two late Caledonian granite complexes from the Grampian Highlands, Scotland. These studies throw light on the magmatic history of the intrusions and. more particularly. on their radioelement geochemistry and heat production which is interpreted in a geothermal context.

The Etive Complex is a multiphase intrusion, ranging from diorite to granite in composition, emplaced by a cauldron subsidence mechanism. Its complex magmatic history involved crystal fractionation, both in-situ and at depth, coupled with episodic magma mixing in a deep magma chamber. Radioelement contents (means for the whole complex; 12.7 ppm Th, 2.9 ppm U, 4.1% K20) increase with magmatic differentiation and are concentrically zoned in the N Cruachan and Starav units. Mass balance calculations, incorporating radiometric, whole rock trace element, fission track and accessory phase microprobe data, show that uranium and thorium contents were, initially, controlled by the crystallisation of apatite + zircon + sphene ± allanite and chevkinite. Later, thorite and monazite became important thorium-hosts. Locally, enhanced uranium levels in the Starav Granites followed expulsion and limited outward migration of uranium-rich residual fluids. The distribution of radioelements in surface samples suggests that heat production decreases with depth in some units.

Similar studies have identified four units in the Cairngorm Granite; NE Granite - Porphyritic Granite - Microgranite - Main Granite. Radioelement contents increase with magmatic evolution from the N Granite to the Main Granite; 26.5 > 32.3 ppm Th, 4.3 > 10.1 ppm U, 4.6 > 4.7% K20 (mean values). Uranium and thorium contents were controlled, predominantly, by the crystallisation of apatite + zircon + sphene ± allanite in the NE Granite and of apatite + zircon + monazite + xenotime + Nb-Ta-oxides ± thorite ± uraninite in the Main Granite. Minor amounts of uranium reside in secondary sites in hydrothermally altered samples.

Modelled surface heat flow anomalies are 5.8 mW m-2 and 23.0 mW m-2 for the Etive Complex and Cairngorm Granite respectively. Comparison of calculated and preliminary heat flow measurements in the Cairngorm granite indicates that at least 35% of the observed heat flow arises from radioactive sources in the granite and that background heat flow is low.
Funkcjonowanie LGD Ziemi Kraśnickiej jako przykład aktywizacji obszarów wiejskich w krajach Unii Europejskiej
Operation of LAG Kraśnik Area as an Example of Rural Areas Activation in EU Countries
Creators: name: Wojciechowska-Solis, Julia
name: Soroka, Andrzej
name: Wojciechowska-Solis, Julia
name: Soroka, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: LAG
subject: rural development
subject: quality of life in rural areas
subject: LGD
subject: rozwój obszarów wiejskich
subject: jakość życia społeczeństwa wiejskiego

description: Main goal of the paper was to present the functioning of LAG Krasnik area as an example of rural areas activation in EU country - Poland. The operation of the LAG carrying out its activity in the area of one of the poorest regions of the European Union, the Lubelski Region, includes the Kraśnik district. The method used in the paper is a diagnostic survey using a questionnaire and interviews. The survey encompassed 96 members of the LAG. In their opinion LAG contributed to the development of non-agricultural activities and promotion of the area as well as reduction in unemployment. Outstanding natural features and landscapes as well as existing investment infrastructure were considered crucial qualities of the area and support for the local activity was thought to be the main goal of the LAG. Strategy of the LAG contributed to development of the region and to switching towards non-agricultural activities what was its core premise. / Synopsis. Celem artykułu było wskazanie funkcjonowania LGD Ziemi Kraśnickiej jako przykład aktywizacji terenów wiejskich w kraju Unii Europejskiej jakim jest Polska. Przedstawiono funkcjonowanie LGD prowadzącego swoją działalność na obszarze jednego z najbiedniejszych regionów Unii Europejskiej jakim jest województwo lubelskie, a w nim powiat kraśnicki. Zastosowaną metodą był sondaż diagnostyczny, a narzędziami badawczymi kwestionariusz ankiety i wywiadu. Podmiot badań to 96 członków funkcjonujących w grupie LGD. W opinii badanych LGD przyczyniło się do rozwoju działalności pozarolniczej w regionie, promocji gminy i zmniejszeniu bezrobocia. Walory przyrodnicze i turystyczne, istniejąca atrakcyjna infrastruktura inwestycyjna to najważniejsze walory badanego obszaru, a wspieranie lokalnej działalności, to główny cel funkcjonowania LGD. Strategia LGD w całości wypełnia swoje założenia na terenie objętym badaniom. Przyczynia się do rozwoju regionu, ukierunkowanego w szczególny sposób na odchodzeniu mieszkańców od produkcji rolniczej i przechodzenie do sektorów pozarolniczych, co jest podstawowym założeniem strategii LGD.
description: eISSN 2544-0659
Provisions of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996
Creators: name: Nelson, Frederick J.
name: Schertz, Lyle P.
name: Nelson, Frederick J.
name: Schertz, Lyle P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: commodity programs
subject: farm legislation
subject: direct payments
subject: loan rates
subject: marketing loans
subject: production flexibility contracts
subject: conservation
subject: sodbuster
subject: swampbuster
subject: farm credit
subject: agricultural trade
subject: P.L. 480
subject: export enhancement
subject: food stamps
subject: nutrition

description: This report provides an item-by-item description and explanation of the new Act, which will guide agricultural programs from 1996-2000. Signed into law in April, the act makes significant changes in long-standing U.S. agricultural policies. Major changes in U.S. commodity programs are included in the Act's Title I, known as the Agricultural Market Transition Act.
Computations in non-commutative Iwasawa theory
Creators: name: Dokchitser, Tim
name: Dokchitser, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05 (Primary) 11G40, 11R23 (Secondary)

description: We study special values of L-functions of elliptic curves over Q twisted by Artin representations that factor through a false Tate curve extension $Q(μ_p^\infty,\sqrt[p^\infty]{m})/Q$. In this setting, we explain how to compute L-functions and the corresponding Iwasawa-theoretic invariants of non-abelian twists of elliptic curves. Our results provide both theoretical and computational evidence for the main conjecture of non-commutative Iwasawa theory.
description: 60 pages; with appendix by John Coates and Ramdorai Sujatha
Split-pulse X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy with seeded X-rays from X-ray laser to study atomic-level dynamics
Creators: name: Shinohara, Yuya
name: Osaka, Taito
name: Inoue, Ichiro
name: Iwashita, Takuya
name: Dmowski, Wojciech
name: Ryu, Chae Woo
name: Sarathchandran, Yadu
name: Egami, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With their brilliance and temporal structure, X-ray free-electron laser can unveil atomic-scale details of ultrafast phenomena. Recent progress in split-and-delay optics (SDO), which produces two X-ray pulses with time-delays, offers bright prospects for observing dynamics at the atomic-scale. However, their insufficient pulse energy has limited its application either to phenomena with longer correlation length or to measurement with a fixed delay-time. Here we show that the combination of the SDO and self-seeding of X-rays increases the pulse energy and makes it possible to observe the atomic-scale dynamics in a timescale of picoseconds. We show that the speckle contrast in scattering from water depends on the delay-time as expected. Our results demonstrate the capability of measurement using the SDO with seeded X-rays for resolving the dynamics in temporal and spatial scales that are not accessible by other techniques, opening opportunities for studying the atomic-level dynamics.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
Statistical and Dynamic Models of Charge Balance Functions
Creators: name: Cheng, S.
name: Gale, C.
name: Jeon, S.
name: Petriconi, S.
name: Pratt, S.
name: Skoby, M.
name: Pop, V. Topor
name: Zhang, Q. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge balance functions, which identify balancing particle-antiparticle pairs on a statistical basis, have been shown to be sensitive to whether hadronization is delayed by several fm/c in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Results from two classes of models are presented here, microscopic hadronic models and thermal models. The microscopic models give results which are contrary to recently published pi+pi- balance functions from the STAR collaboration, whereas the thermal model roughly reproduce the experimental results. This suggests that charge conservation is local at breakup, which is in line with expectations for a delayed hadronization. Predictions are also presented for balance functions binned as a function of Q_inv.
description: 12 pages 6 figures
The Future of China's Grain Market
Creators: name: Crook, Frederick W.
name: Colby, W. Hunter
name: Crook, Frederick W.
name: Colby, W. Hunter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: China
subject: demand
subject: grain

description: China's demand for grain is likely to outpace domestic supplies in the next 10 years, according to ERS projections. By the year 2005, China will become a net importer of 32 million metric tons of grain annually. In the last two decades, China's grain trade has expanded dramatically, both as a buyer and a seller. Both China and the United States are major grain producers. How the grain trade between the two nations develops will be important to both agricultural economies. It is doubtful that China's farmers will be able to produce enough grain to keep pace with population gains and increased demand for feed grains to produce meat, eggs, and milk products for consumers.
title: Kornetsky, Conan interview conducted by Campbell/Spillane
Creators: name: Campbell, Nancy
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Abuse liability; Addiction; Addiction neuroscience; Addiction research; Behavioral pharmacology; Drug abuse; Drug dependence; Ethics of addiction research; Medication assisted treatment; Substance abuse disorder; Substance abuse treatment
subject: Health behavior and health education; History
subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities
subject: Health Sciences

description: Conan Kornetsky, PhD, was a founding member of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. His long and distinguished career in psychopharmacology began in 1949 almost by chance. As a psychology graduate student at the University of Kentucky, he accepted a job at the United States Public Health Service Hospital (USPHS) in Lexington, Kentucky administering IQ tests in exchange for room and board. The job brought him into contact with some of the pioneering researchers at the Addiction Research Center: Harris Isbell, Abraham Wikler, and William Martin. Dr. Kornetsky participated in several of the classic studies published in the early 1950’s. In 1952, while employed by the USPHS, he was sent to New York City to work with Donald Gerard to gather data on heroin addiction in adolescence. In addition to their own pioneering studies, they helped Isidor Chein and his team to collect and analyze data leading to the classic work, The Road to H. In the mid-1960’s, Dr. Kornetsky moved to the Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology at Boston University Medical School where he remained as an active faculty member and researcher until his retirement. His research on schizophrenia continued into the 1970’s, including an interest in cannabis psychosis; but, the focus of his work shifted completely to drug abuse by 1974. With Joseph Cochin, Conan studied protracted tolerance to morphine; but his major focus was in measuring the hedonic effects of drugs. To do this, he adapted the classic methods of psychophysics to measure the effects of drug abuse on the threshold for electrical self-stimulation in the brain. Using this method, he and his students studied the effects of a wide range of drugs, such as cocaine and opioids and combinations of drugs. Those studies were extended to using the 2-deoxyglucose method to measure local cerebral metabolism in order to assess long-term effects of the drugs and the ways by which environmental cues might influence long-term drug effects. He received the Mentorship Award and the Nathan B. Eddy Award from The College on Problems of Drug Dependence and Distinguished Alumni awards from the University of Maine, his alma mater, and the University of Kentucky, where he earned his doctorate. Dr. Kornetsky died December 21, 2018 at the age of 92. Sources: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41386-019-0352-5 Accessed 12 Mar 2023. https://www.bumc.bu.edu/busm-pm/people/faculty/faculty-profiles/kornetsky/ 12 Mar 2023.
Optimal internal boundary control of lane-free automated vehicle traffic
Creators: name: Malekzadeh, Milad
name: Papamichail, Ioannis
name: Papageorgiou, Markos
name: Bogenberger, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A recently proposed paradigm for vehicular traffic in the era of CAV (connected and automated vehicles), called TrafficFluid, involves lane-free vehicle movement. Lane-free traffic implies that incremental road widening (narrowing) leads to corresponding incremental increase (decrease) of capacity; and this opens the way for consideration of real-time internal boundary control on highways and arterials, in order to flexibly share the total (both directions) road width and capacity among the two directions in dependence of the bi-directional demand and traffic conditions, so as to maximize the total (two directions) flow efficiency. The problem is formulated as a convex QP (Quadratic Programming) problem that may be solved efficiently, and representative case studies shed light on and demonstrate the features, capabilities and potential of the novel control action.
title: A study of disruptive behaviour in secondary schools, with special reference to the effectiveness of behaviour modification and withdrawal units
Creators: name: Whitcomb, Alan Trevor
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1983

description: This thesis is the result of four years' part-time study by a practising teacher. It represents an attempt to identify ways of dealing successfully with disruptive secondary school pupils.

A review of related literature, and some evidence adduced from previous research, provided the basis for a questionnaire. This was then used in six Essex comprehensive schools to ascertain teachers' opinions on:

a) determinants of disruptive behaviour;

b) effectiveness of methods used to deal with such behaviour.

Respondents were identified according to sex, school and experience.

Sub-sections of the questionnaire were cross tabulated and submitted to X2 tests of significance which revealed a trend suggesting that female teachers differ from male teachers in some of their opinions related to disruptive behaviour in schools. The survey also indicated that it is the upper-age range which causes most disturbance.

The two methods found to be currently held to be most effective were withdrawal units and behaviour modification. The former was investigated via a case study approach which compared two types of administration policy, and the effect of an on-site withdrawal unit on two disruptive pupils. Behaviour modification was evaluated experimentally to examine whether

a) it is practicable for class teachers

b) if the technique is effective with upper-secondary pupils.

Experimental and observational investigation revealed that in respect of this study behaviour modification was:

a) difficult for the teacher to apply in the normal classroom situation following accepted research criteria, although it was found to be more practicable in less formal circumstances within an on-site withdrawal unit.

b) a qualified success with this age group in that the improvements in behaviour as a result of this approach were found to be unenduring.

It was concluded that, in respect of upper-secondary school disruptive pupils, rather than attempt to deal with the child in the normal classroom, it is preferable to withdraw the problem pupil to an on-site unit, where the application of procedures to deal with disruption can be more successfully applied to the benefit of both the child and' the school. The thesis concludes with a suggested model for dealing with seriously disruptive pupils.