Columbella adansoni Menke 1853
Creators: name: Russini, Valeria
name: Fassio, Giulia
name: Modica, Maria Vittoria
name: deMaintenon, Marta J.
name: Oliverio, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Columbellidae
Columbella
Columbella adansoni

description: Columbella adansoni Menke, 1853   
(Figs 6C, D; 7 G-H; 8A)  
 Columbella Adansoni [sic] Menke, 1853: 74, 75.   
 Columbella rufa Menke, 1853: 75.   
 Columbella rustica var. azorica Drouët, 1858: 169.   
 Columbella striata var. minor Dautzenberg, 1900: 183.   
 TYPE MATERIAL. — Columbella adansoni: lectotype (Moolenbeek & Hoenselaar 1991) SMF. — Type locality: Cape Verde Islands.   
 Columbella rufa: lectotype (Moolenbeek & Hoenselaar, 1991) SMF. — Type locality: Cape Verde Islands.   
 Columbella rustica var. azorica: unknown (Moolenbeek & Hoenselaar, 1991). — Type locality: Azores.   
 Columbella striata var. minor. — Type locality: Ilhéu Branco (Cape Verde Islands).   
 DISTRIBUTION. — According to the data presented herein, Columbella adansoni ranges throughout Macaronesia, and is not present in continental African waters.   
DIAGNOSIS. — Shell of medium size for the family, 16-25 mm long, biconic/strombiform.  
Scale bars: 10 mm; G, H, L, not to scale. * Protoconch of 2.5-2.6 convex whorls, entirely covered by densely spaced microgranules; embryonic shell (protoconch I) of 0.8- 0.9 whorls, and larval shell (protoconch II) of 1.6-1.7 whorls; protoconch-teleoconch boundary marked by a sinusigera scar.  
Teleoconch of 7-9 almost straight-sided whorls, penultimate whorl slightly convex, body whorl rounded and inflated, about 2/3 to 3/4 shell length.  
Sculpture of nodulose axial ridges on the first whorls, fading after 2-3 whorls, and very weak, irregular spiral striae. Aperture narrow, elongate and sinuous.  
Outer lip angulate posteriorly in some, thickened, especially medially, with 13-16 denticles, and rust coloured markings between denticles. Columellar wall with two weak ridges medially; parietal wall with 5-7 denticles anteriorly, and rust coloured markings between. Siphonal canal open.  
Colour very variable, with white-whitish background and yellow, orange, brown, grey or black irregular spots, sometimes arranged into axial flames or sinuous bands. Periostracum thin, brown.  
Animal yellowish with tawny-orange spots, very dense on propodium, head and mantle; tip of cephalic tentacles white, siphon grey. Radula rachiglossate, with central tooth reduced to a slightly arched plate with no cusps. One pair of massive lateral teeth with a small, basal, outer cusp and a tall, sinuous inner primary cusp with three secondary cusps along the posterior edge: a narrow, pointed distal cusp, a flat central cusp slightly enlarged at the base, and a quadrangular and apically curved basal cusp.  
REMARKS  
 Knudsen (1995) summarized his own (Knudsen 1950) and Gunnar Thorson’s (unpublished) notes on the egg capsules of C. adansoni from Cape Verde Islands and Canary Islands, respectively. The egg capsules contained 39- 73 eggs, c. 200 µm in diameter, developing into pelagic larvae attaining at metamorphosis 450 µm shell width (1000 µm length).   
Seven autapomorphic positions were scored in the COI sequences: 61 [G], 91 [G], 160 [C], 181 [T], 352 [C], 549 [A], 586 [T].
description: Published as part of Russini, Valeria, Fassio, Giulia, Modica, Maria Vittoria, deMaintenon, Marta J. & Oliverio, Marco, 2017, An assessment of the genus Columbella Lamarck, 1799 (Gastropoda: Columbellidae) from eastern Atlantic, pp. 197-212 in Zoosystema 39 (2) on pages 204-206, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n2a2, http://zenodo.org/record/5154118