cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phase shift and magnetic anisotropy induced field splitting of impurity states in (Li1-xFex)OHFeSe superconductor
Creators: name: Zhang, Tianzhen
name: Hu, Yining
name: Su, Wei
name: Chen, Chen
name: Wang, Xu
name: Li, Dong
name: Lu, Zouyouwei
name: Yang, Wentao
name: Zhang, Qingle
name: Dong, Xiaoli
name: Wang, Rui
name: Wang, Xiaoqun
name: Feng, Donglai
name: Zhang, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Revealing the energy and spatial characteristics of impurity induced states in superconductors is essential for understanding their mechanism and fabricating new quantum state by manipulating impurities. Here by using high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy, we investigated the spatial distribution and magnetic field response of the impurity states in (Li1-xFex)OHFeSe. We detected two pairs of strong in-gap states on the "dumbbell" shaped defects. They display clear damped oscillations with different phase shifts and a direct phase-energy correlation. These features have long been predicted for classical Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) state, which are demonstrated here with unprecedented resolution for the first time. Moreover, upon applying magnetic field, all the in-gap state peaks remarkably split into two rather than shift, and the splitting strength is field orientation dependent. Via detailed numerical model calculations, we found such anisotropic splitting behavior can be naturally induced by a high-spin impurity coupled to anisotropic environment, highlighting how magnetic anisotropy affects the behavior of YSR states.
description: Main text with supplementary (accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett.)
Detection of carbon monoxide's 4.6 micron fundamental band structure in WASP-39b's atmosphere with JWST NIRSpec G395H
Creators: name: Grant, David
name: Lothringer, Joshua D.
name: Wakeford, Hannah R.
name: Alam, Munazza K.
name: Alderson, Lili
name: Bean, Jacob L.
name: Benneke, Björn
name: Désert, Jean-Michel
name: Daylan, Tansu
name: Flagg, Laura
name: Hu, Renyu
name: Inglis, Julie
name: Kirk, James
name: Kreidberg, Laura
name: López-Morales, Mercedes
name: Mancini, Luigi
name: Mikal-Evans, Thomas
name: Molaverdikhani, Karan
name: Palle, Enric
name: Rackham, Benjamin V.
name: Redfield, Seth
name: Stevenson, Kevin B.
name: Valenti, Jeff
name: Wallack, Nicole L.
name: Aggarwal, Keshav
name: Ahrer, Eva-Maria
name: Crossfield, Ian J. M.
name: Crouzet, Nicolas
name: Iro, Nicolas
name: Nikolov, Nikolay K.
name: Wheatley, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carbon monoxide (CO) is predicted to be the dominant carbon-bearing molecule in giant planet atmospheres, and, along with water, is important for discerning the oxygen and therefore carbon-to-oxygen ratio of these planets. The fundamental absorption mode of CO has a broad double-branched structure composed of many individual absorption lines from 4.3 to 5.1 $\mathrmμ$m, which can now be spectroscopically measured with JWST. Here we present a technique for detecting the rotational sub-band structure of CO at medium resolution with the NIRSpec G395H instrument. We use a single transit observation of the hot Jupiter WASP-39b from the JWST Transiting Exoplanet Community Early Release Science (JTEC ERS) program at the native resolution of the instrument ($R \,{\sim} 2700$) to resolve the CO absorption structure. We robustly detect absorption by CO, with an increase in transit depth of 264 $\pm$ 68 ppm, in agreement with the predicted CO contribution from the best-fit model at low resolution. This detection confirms our theoretical expectations that CO is the dominant carbon-bearing molecule in WASP-39b's atmosphere, and further supports the conclusions of low C/O and super-solar metallicities presented in the JTEC ERS papers for WASP-39b.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
Investigation of disease hazards in cattle in South of Italy (Sicily)
Creators: name: Macaluso, Giusi
name: Blanda Valeria
name: Grippi, Francesca
name: Di Paola, Laura
name: Sciacca, Carmela
name: Giacchino, Ilenia
name: D'Agostino, Rosalia
name: Arcuri, Francesca
name: Torina, Alessandra
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2023

description: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale, Palermo, Italy.
 Objective: Infectious diseases represent a serious limitation
 of bovine production. The etiology of these diseases is
 diverse and comprises a variety of viral, bacterial, protozoan
 and chlamydial agents, some of which are zoonotic [1]. Infectious-
 parasitic agents associated with reproductive disorders
 in ruminants include Neospora caninum, Coxiella burnetii,
 Chlamydia abortus and Toxoplasma gondii; they cause the
 greatest economic losses for the livestock industry. This is
 a cross-sectional study to assess the presence of antibodies
 in ruminants against selected pathogens including the zoonotic
 agents C. burnetii, T gondii, N. caninum, Clamydia spp.
 and Theileria annulata in cattle in Sicily region and to determine
 the molecular status for T. gondii in order to determine
 the serological and molecular status of bovine in the Sicily
 region.
Competing Mechanisms between Dislocation and Phase Transformation in Plastic Deformation of Single Crystalline Yttria-Stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Nanopillars
Creators: name: Zhang, Ning
name: Zaeem, Mohsen Asle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics (MD) is employed to investigate the plastic deformation mechanisms of single crystalline yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (YSTZ) nanopillars under uniaxial compression. Simulation results show that the nanoscale plastic deformation of YSTZ is strongly dependent on the crystallographic orientation of zirconia nanopillars. For the first time, the experimental explored tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation is reproduced by MD simulations in some particular loading directions. Three distinct mechanisms of dislocation, phase transformation, and a combination of dislocation and phase transformation are identified when applying compressive loading along different directions. The strength of zirconia nanopillars exhibits a sensitive behavior depending on the failure mechanisms, such that the dislocation-mediated deformation leads to the lowest strength, while the phase transformation-dominated deformation results in the highest strength.
Supplemental Material from Determining large-strain metal plasticity parameters using in situ measurements of plastic flow past a wedge
Creators: name: Chawla, Harshit
name: Yadav, Shwetabh
name: Aprahamian, Hrayer
name: Sagapuram, Dinakar
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
classificationCode: 30399
subject: Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: This document contains information about: (1) material systems used in the study; (2) analysis of uncertainty in PIV displacement field; and (3) performance comparison of two optimization algorithms (Nelder-Mead vs. Newton's method).
The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: combining correlated Gaussian posterior distributions
Creators: name: Sanchez, Ariel G.
name: Grieb, Jan Niklas
name: Salazar-Albornoz, Salvador
name: Alam, Shadab
name: Beutler, Florian
name: Ross, Ashley J.
name: Brownstein, Joel R.
name: Chuang, Chia-Hsun
name: Cuesta, Antonio J.
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Kitaura, Francisco-Shu
name: Percival, Will J.
name: Prada, Francisco
name: Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio
name: Seo, Hee-Jong
name: Tinker, Jeremy
name: Tojeiro, Rita
name: Vargas-Magana, Mariana
name: Vazquez, Jose A.
name: Zhao, Gong-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological information contained in anisotropic galaxy clustering measurements can often be compressed into a small number of parameters whose posterior distribution is well described by a Gaussian. We present a general methodology to combine these estimates into a single set of consensus constraints that encode the total information of the individual measurements, taking into account the full covariance between the different methods. We illustrate this technique by applying it to combine the results obtained from different clustering analyses, including measurements of the signature of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and redshift-space distortions (RSD), based on a set of mock catalogues of the final SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). Our results show that the region of the parameter space allowed by the consensus constraints is smaller than that of the individual methods, highlighting the importance of performing multiple analyses on galaxy surveys even when the measurements are highly correlated. This paper is part of a set that analyses the final galaxy clustering dataset from BOSS. The methodology presented here is used in Alam et al. (2016) to produce the final cosmological constraints from BOSS.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Efficient entanglement criteria for discrete, continuous, and hybrid variables
Creators: name: Gessner, Manuel
name: Pezzè, Luca
name: Smerzi, Augusto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a method to construct entanglement criteria for arbitrary multipartite systems of discrete or continuous variables and hybrid combinations of both. While any set of local operators generates a sufficient condition for entanglement of arbitrary quantum states, a suitable set leads to a necessary and sufficient criterion for pure states. The criteria are readily implementable with existing technology and reveal entanglement that remains undetected by the respective state-of-the-art methods for discrete and continuous variables.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Expansion formula for complex Monge-Ampère equation along cone singularities
Creators: name: Yin, Hao
name: Zheng, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J96

description: In this paper, we prove the asymptotic expansion of the solutions to some singular complex Monge-Ampère equation which arise naturally in the study of the conical Kähler-Einstein metric.
The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: cosmological implications of the configuration-space clustering wedges
Creators: name: Sanchez, Ariel G.
name: Scoccimarro, Roman
name: Crocce, Martin
name: Grieb, Jan Niklas
name: Salazar-Albornoz, Salvador
name: DallaVecchia, Claudio
name: Lippich, Martha
name: Beutler, Florian
name: Brownstein, Joel R.
name: Chuang, Chia-Hsun
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Kitaura, Francisco-Shu
name: Olmstead, Matthew D.
name: Percival, Will J.
name: Prada, Francisco
name: Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio
name: Ross, Ashley J.
name: Samushia, Lado
name: Seo, Hee-Jong
name: Tinker, Jeremy
name: Tojeiro, Rita
name: Vargas-Magana, Mariana
name: Wang, Yuting
name: Zhao, Gong-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the cosmological implications of anisotropic clustering measurements in configuration space of the final galaxy samples from Data Release 12 of the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. We implement a new detailed modelling of the effects of non-linearities, galaxy bias and redshift-space distortions that can be used to extract unbiased cosmological information from our measurements for scales $s \gtrsim 20\,h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$. We combined the galaxy clustering information from BOSS with the latest cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations and Type Ia supernovae samples and found no significant evidence for a deviation from the $Λ$CDM cosmological model. In particular, these data sets can constrain the dark energy equation of state parameter to $w_{\rm DE}=-0.996\pm0.042$ when assumed time-independent, the curvature of the Universe to $Ω_{k}=-0.0007\pm 0.0030$ and the sum of the neutrino masses to $\sum m_ν < 0.25\,{\rm eV}$ at 95 per cent CL. We explore the constraints on the growth rate of cosmic structures assuming $f(z)=Ω_{\rm m}(z)^γ$ and obtain $γ= 0.609\pm 0.079$, in good agreement with the predictions of general relativity of $γ=0.55$. We compress the information of our clustering measurements into constraints on the parameter combinations $D_{\rm V}(z)/r_{\rm d}$, $F_{\rm AP}(z)$ and $fσ_8(z)$ at the effective redshifts of $z=0.38$, $0.51$ and $0.61$ with their respective covariance matrices and find good agreement with the predictions for these parameters obtained from the best-fitting $Λ$CDM model to the CMB data from the Planck satellite. This paper is part of a set that analyses the final galaxy clustering dataset from BOSS. The measurements and likelihoods presented here are combined with others in Alam et al. (2016) to produce the final cosmological constraints from BOSS.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures
$\mathcal{C}^k$-continuous Spline Approximation with TensorFlow Gradient Descent Optimizers
Creators: name: Huber, Stefan
name: Waclawek, Hannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we present an "out-of-the-box" application of Machine Learning (ML) optimizers for an industrial optimization problem. We introduce a piecewise polynomial model (spline) for fitting of $\mathcal{C}^k$-continuos functions, which can be deployed in a cam approximation setting. We then use the gradient descent optimization context provided by the machine learning framework TensorFlow to optimize the model parameters with respect to approximation quality and $\mathcal{C}^k$-continuity and evaluate available optimizers. Our experiments show that the problem solution is feasible using TensorFlow gradient tapes and that AMSGrad and SGD show the best results among available TensorFlow optimizers. Furthermore, we introduce a novel regularization approach to improve SGD convergence. Although experiments show that remaining discontinuities after optimization are small, we can eliminate these errors using a presented algorithm which has impact only on affected derivatives in the local spline segment.
description: This preprint has not undergone peer review or any post-submission improvements or corrections. The Version of Record of this contribution is published in Computer Aided Systems Theory - EUROCAST 2022 and is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25312-6_68
title: Metal organic framework growth onto 3D-printed ceramic supports
Creators: name: Schöfbeck, Flora
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Metallorganische Gerüstverbindung
subject: Aluminiumoxid
subject: Metal organic framework
subject: aluminium oxide

description: In this work metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are grown on 3D-printed ceramic supports to prepare ecient catalysts. The MOFs NH 2 -UiO-66 and ZIF-8 were selected for study due to their known chemical and mechanical stability whilst 3D-printed structures of– -alumina with millimetre-scale features were used as supports. Monodisperse NH 2 -UiO-66 crystals of 500 nm were successfully grown on the supports. ZIF-8 crystals were also successfully prepared on the supports, with a high degree of coverage and a crystals size of approximately 2 μm. All structures are characterised via state-of-the-art methods such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder x-ray diraction (P-XRD) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The catalytic property of NH2 -UiO-66 was further investigated via the well-known degradation reaction of dimethyl-4-nitrophenylphosphate (DMNP), an organo phosphate, pesticide, and nerve agent simulant. There action progress is measured via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31 P-NMR) and absorption spectroscopy (UV/vis) respectively. For UV/vis data a calibration was performed yielding concentrations and subsequently conversions of the catalytic reaction.The degradation of DMNP is successfully accelerated by the MOF on ceramic catalystreaching a conversion of ca. 40% after 2.5 hours for an approximated catalytic amount of MOF of less than 0.284 mg. Plain – -alumina in comparison only reaches a conversion of7% in the same time. Using advanced 3D-printing technology provided by Lithoz Gm BHallows for a tremendous saving in mass as complex grid-like supports of reduced mass and increased surface area can be printed. This work provides insights on MOF growth onto complex ceramic supports and presents NH 2 -UiO-66/ – -alumina as a catalyst in justone of many fields of application that can be explored by this material class.
Writing & Evaluating Letters of Recommendation for PEER Applicants
Creators: name: OHSU PREP
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Letters of Recommendation
Racial bias
Bias

description: This presentation is a synthesis of resources and approaches that address how application reviewers can more thoughtfully evaluate and analyze letters of recommendation for program applications (i.e graduate school, summer programs, fellowships). A holistic application review is important when evaluating documents from Persons Excluded because of Ethnicity or Race (PEER) applicants especially in light of systemic socioeconomic and academic inequities that impact the level of experience an applicant may have in, for example, research. The biased origins of letters of recommendation as a review mechanism are discussed. The presentation provides examples of biased language in letters and suggests ways an evaluator may address these biases in their review process without penalizing the applicant. Tips and recommendations are also provided for those writing letters of recommendation for PEER and non-PEER applicants.
Comparing of switching frequency on vector controlled asynchronous motor
Creators: name: Korkmaz, Yılmaz
name: Korkmaz, Fatih
name: Topaloglu, İsmail
name: Mamur, Hayati
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Nowadays, asynchronous motors have wide range use in many industrial applications. Field oriented control (FOC) and direct torque control (DTC) are commonly used methods in high performance vector control for asynchronous motors. Therefore, it is very important to identify clearly advantages and disadvantages of both systems in the selection of appropriate control methods for many industrial applications. This paper aims to present a new and different perspective regarding the comparison of the switching behaviours on the FOC and the DTC drivers. For this purpose, the experimental studies have been carried out to compare the inverter switching frequencies and torque responses of the asynchronous motor in the FOC and the DTC systems under different working conditions. The dSPACE 1103 controller board was programmed with Matlab/Simulink software. As expected, the experimental studies showed that the FOC controlled motors has a lessened torque ripple. On the other hand, the FOC controlled motor switching frequency has about 65-75% more than the DTC controlled under both loaded and unloaded working conditions.
title:   Sewer Vapor Intrusion Pathway
title: Simulation of Indoor Piping Systems and Operation of AROMA-VOC Gas Analyzer
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Tay, Hong Cheng
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: FOS: Civil engineering
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Vapor Intrusion (VI) is a transport phenomenon that occurs when contaminants migrate from sub-surface sources into indoor spaces. Sewer tunnels, plumbing connections, and piping infrastructures can be important contributors to an increased potential of VI in a site, which results in indoor concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOC). In the present work, the topic of sewer VI pathways were investigated through a prototype made from various types of indoor plumbing pipe fittings. This prototype simulates indoor piping systems and determine whether air and VOC were escaping through the pipe fittings. Moreover, this study is the first effort to use a high-performance gas analyzer, also known as AROMA-VOC, for detection of VOCs within parts-per-billion (ppb) and parts-per-trillion (ppt) ranges. To better understand the intensity and sensitivity of the analyzer, eight calibration curves with high r-squared values were generated. Additionally, pressure and concentration drop experiments were conducted on the prototype and the gas analyzer was used to measure VOCs concentrations in the prototype. The data from pressure drop experiments indicated that air was escaping from the prototype when it was pressurized to 2.701psi. Detectable concentrations of VOCs escaped from the prototype during experiments. The results also illustrated how indoor plumbing pipe fittings can be a contributor to indoor air concentrations as part of the sewer VI pathway.
description: © 2022 Hong Cheng Tay
Redundancy analysis includes ASCA and outperforms ASCA+ and WE-ASCA
Creators: name: ter Braak, Cajo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biostatistics
Applied statistics
Statistical data science

description: This item contains the R-code of the paper " Redundancy analysis includes ASCA and outperforms ASCA+ and WE-ASCA" with abstract
 Chemometrics and statistical ecology share interest in the analysis of multivariate data. In ecology, unconstrained and constrained ordination are popular methods to analyze and visualize multivariate data, with principal components analysis (PCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA) as prototype methods. Constraints give more insight and power by focusing on the response of the variables to particular external predictors or experimental factors, after optional adjustment for covariates. In chemometrics, Analysis of Variance - simultaneous component analysis (ASCA) was proposed decades later, with particular emphasis on the multivariate main and interaction effects in factorial experiments. This paper shows the similarities and differences between ASCA, its extensions, and (partial) RDA, alias reduced-rank regression. ASCA and RDA are shown to be mathematically identical for equireplicated designed experiments. Differences appear with unequal replication. As a corollary we show that, with equal replication, a particularly attractive form of ASCA, which displays a main effect together with an interaction, is a special case of principal response curve analysis. RDA is a least-squares method and uses the optimal weights in the dimension reduction of the treatment effects, whereas ASCA extensions for unbalanced data use alternative, sub-optimal weights.
A Note on Optimality of Quantum Circuits over Metaplectic Basis
Creators: name: Bocharov, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metaplectic quantum basis is a universal multi-qutrit quantum basis, formed by the ternary Clifford group and the axial reflection gate $R=|0\rangle \langle 0| + |1\rangle \langle 1| - |2\rangle \langle 2|$. It is arguably, a ternary basis with the simplest geometry. Recently Cui, Kliuchnikov, Wang and the Author have proposed a compilation algorithm to approximate any two-level Householder reflection to precision $\varepsilon$ by a metaplectic circuit of $R$-count at most $C \, \log_3(1/\varepsilon) + O(\log \log 1/\varepsilon)$ with $C=8$. A new result in this note takes the constant down to $C=5$ for non-exceptional target reflections under a certain credible number-theoretical conjecture. The new method increases the chances of obtaining a truly optimal circuit but may not guarantee the true optimality. Efficient approximations of an important ternary quantum gate proposed by Howard, Campbell and others is also discussed. Apart from this, the note is mostly didactical: we demonstrate how to leverage Lenstra's integer geometry algorithm from 1983 for circuit synthesis.
description: 19 pages, 1 table; v2: expanded references, acknowledgements
Inner edges of planetesimal belts: collisionally eroded or truncated?
Creators: name: Blanco, Amaia Imaz
name: Marino, Sebastian
name: Matrà, Luca
name: Booth, Mark
name: Carpenter, John
name: Faramaz, Virginie
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Hughes, A. Meredith
name: Kennedy, Grant M.
name: Pérez, Sebastián
name: Ricci, Luca
name: Wyatt, Mark C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radial structure of debris discs can encode important information about their dynamical and collisional history. In this paper we present a 3-phase analytical model to analyse the collisional evolution of solids in debris discs, focusing on their joint radial and temporal dependence. Consistent with previous models, we find that as the largest planetesimals reach collisional equilibrium in the inner regions, the surface density of dust and solids becomes proportional to $\sim r^{2}$ within a certain critical radius. We present simple equations to estimate the critical radius and surface density of dust as a function of the maximum planetesimal size and initial surface density in solids (and vice versa). We apply this model to ALMA observations of 7 wide debris discs. We use both parametric and non-parametric modelling to test if their inner edges are shallow and consistent with collisional evolution. We find that 4 out of 7 have inner edges consistent with collisional evolution. Three of these would require small maximum planetesimal sizes below 10 km, with HR 8799's disc potentially lacking solids larger than a few centimeters. The remaining systems have inner edges that are much sharper, which requires maximum planetesimal sizes $\gtrsim10$ km. Their sharp inner edges suggest they could have been truncated by planets, which JWST could detect. In the context of our model, we find that the 7 discs require surface densities below a Minimum Mass Solar Nebula, avoiding the so-called disc mass problem. Finally, during the modelling of HD 107146 we discover that its wide gap is split into two narrower ones, which could be due to two low-mass planets formed within the disc.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 21 pages, 11 figures
Impact of core cladding boundary shape on the waveguide properties of hollow core microstructured fibers
Creators: name: Pryamikov, A. D.
name: Alagashev, G. K.
name: Biriukov, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider an interaction between the air core modes of hollow core waveguide microstructures and core cladding boundary walls in various shapes. The analysis is based on well established models such as the anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide model and on the models proposed for the first time. In particular, we consider the dynamics of light localization in the polygonalcore cladding boundary wall as dependant on the type of its discrete rotational symmetry. Based on our findings we analyze the mechanisms of light localization in the core cladding boundary walls of negative curvature hollow core microstructured fibers.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1602.01990
'From crises to net-zero' webinar
Creators: name: Anable, Jillian
name: Foxon, Tim
name: Dixon, James
name: Huebner, Gesche
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: CREDS

description: The Covid-19 pandemic and cost of living crises have impacted every aspect of life for millions of people, including how and when they use energy. What insights can we glean from the rapid policy and behaviour changes that took place, and how can we use these to understand the future implications for a transition to net zero?
X-ray Spectroscopy of Interstellar Carbon: Evidence for Scattering by Carbon-Bearing Material in the Spectrum of 1ES 1553+113
Creators: name: Staunton, John
name: Paerels, Frits
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecules and particles make up $\sim 40 - 70\%$ of carbon in the interstellar medium, yet the exact chemical structure of these constituents remains unknown. We present carbon K-shell absorption spectroscopy of the Galactic Interstellar Medium obtained with the Low Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer on the {\it Chandra} Observatory, that directly addresses this question. We probe several lines of sight, using bright AGN as backlighters. We make our measurements differentially with respect to the bright source Mrk 421, in order to take the significant carbon K absorption in the instrument into account. In the spectrum of the blazar 1ES 1553+113 we find evidence for a novel feature: strong extinction on the low-energy side of the neutral C $1s-2p$ resonance, which is indicative of scattering by graphite particles. We find evidence for characteristic particle radii of order $0.1-0.15$ $μ$m. If this explanation for the feature is correct, limits on the mass of the available carbon along the line of sight may imply that the grains are partially aligned, and the X-rays from the source may have intrinsic polarization.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables
Photochemistry and astrochemistry: photochemical pathways to interstellar complex organic molecules
Creators: name: Oberg, Karin I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interstellar medium is characterized by a rich and diverse chemistry. Many of its complex organic molecules are proposed to form through radical chemistry in icy grain mantles. Radicals form readily when interstellar ices (composed of water and other volatiles) are exposed to UV photons and other sources of dissociative radiation, and, if sufficiently mobile, the radicals can react to form larger, more complex molecules. The resulting complex organic molecules (COMs) accompany star and planet formation, and may eventually seed the origins of life on nascent planets. Experiments of increasing sophistication have demonstrated that known interstellar COMs as well as the prebiotically interesting amino acids can form through ice photochemistry. We review these experiments and discuss the qualitative and quantitative kinetic and mechanistic constraints they have provided. We finally compare the effects of UV radiation with those of three other potential sources of radical production and chemistry in interstellar ices: electrons, ions and X-rays.
description: Published in Chemical Reviews. 113 pages, including 19 figures
The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations in Fourier-space
Creators: name: Beutler, Florian
name: Seo, Hee-Jong
name: Ross, Ashley J.
name: McDonald, Patrick
name: Saito, Shun
name: Bolton, Adam S.
name: Brownstein, Joel R.
name: Chuang, Chia-Hsun
name: Cuesta, Antonio J.
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Font-Ribera, Andreu
name: Grieb, Jan Niklas
name: Hand, Nick
name: Kitaura, Francisco-Shu
name: Modi, Chirag
name: Nichol, Robert C.
name: Percival, Will J.
name: Prada, Francisco
name: Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio
name: Roe, Natalie A.
name: Ross, Nicholas P.
name: Salazar-Albornoz, Salvador
name: Sánchez, Ariel G.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Slosar, Anže
name: Tinker, Jeremy
name: Tojeiro, Rita
name: Vargas-Magaña, Mariana
name: Vazquez, Jose A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) signal of the final Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) data release (DR12). Our analysis is performed in Fourier-space, using the power spectrum monopole and quadrupole. The dataset includes $1\,198\,006$ galaxies over the redshift range $0.2 < z < 0.75$. We divide this dataset into three (overlapping) redshift bins with the effective redshifts $\zeff = 0.38$, $0.51$ and $0.61$. We demonstrate the reliability of our analysis pipeline using N-body simulations as well as $\sim 1000$ MultiDark-Patchy mock catalogues, which mimic the BOSS-DR12 target selection. We apply density field reconstruction to enhance the BAO signal-to-noise ratio. By including the power spectrum quadrupole we can separate the line-of-sight and angular modes, which allows us to constrain the angular diameter distance $D_A(z)$ and the Hubble parameter $H(z)$ separately. We obtain two independent $1.6\%$ and $1.5\%$ constraints on $D_A(z)$ and $2.9\%$ and $2.3\%$ constraints on $H(z)$ for the low ($\zeff=0.38$) and high ($\zeff=0.61$) redshift bin, respectively. We obtain two independent $1\%$ and $0.9\%$ constraints on the angular averaged distance $D_V(z)$, when ignoring the Alcock-Paczynski effect. The detection significance of the BAO signal is of the order of $8σ$ (post-reconstruction) for each of the three redshift bins. Our results are in good agreement with the Planck prediction within $Λ$CDM. This paper is part of a set that analyses the final galaxy clustering dataset from BOSS. The measurements and likelihoods presented here are combined with others in~\citet{Alam2016} to produce the final cosmological constraints from BOSS.
Synchronization in dynamical networks of locally coupled self-propelled oscillators
Creators: name: Levis, Demian
name: Pagonabarraga, Ignacio
name: Diaz-Guilera, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems of mobile physical entities exchanging information with their neighborhood can be found in many different situations. The understanding of their emergent cooperative behaviour has become an important issue across disciplines, requiring a general conceptual framework in order to harvest the potential of these systems. We study the synchronization of coupled oscillators in time-evolving networks defined by the positions of self-propelled agents interacting in real space. In order to understand the impact of mobility in the synchronization process on general grounds, we introduce a simple model of self-propelled hard disks performing persistent random walks in 2$d$ space and carrying an internal Kuramoto phase oscillator. For non-interacting particles, self-propulsion accelerates synchronization. The competition between agent mobility and excluded volume interactions gives rise to a richer scenario, leading to an optimal self-propulsion speed. We identify two extreme dynamic regimes where synchronization can be understood from theoretical considerations. A systematic analysis of our model quantifies the departure from the latter ideal situations and characterizes the different mechanisms leading the evolution of the system. We show that the synchronization of locally coupled mobile oscillators generically proceeds through coarsening verifying dynamic scaling and sharing strong similarities with the phase ordering dynamics of the 2$d$ XY model following a quench. Our results shed light into the generic mechanisms leading the synchronization of mobile agents, providing a efficient way to understand more complex or specific situations involving time-dependent networks where synchronization, mobility and excluded volume are at play.
Ultrafast coherent control of spinor Bose-Einstein condensates using stimulated Raman adiabatic passage
Creators: name: Thomasen, Andreas
name: Mukai, Tetsuya
name: Byrnes, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the use of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) to offer a fast high fidelity method of performing SU(2) rotations on spinor Bose Einstein condensates (BEC). Past demonstrations of BEC optical control suffer from difficulties arising from collective enhancement of spontaneous emission and inefficient two-photon transitions originating from selection rules. We present here a novel scheme which allows for arbitrary coherent rotations of two-component BECs while overcoming these issues. Numerical tests of the method show that for BECs of \ce{^{87}Rb} with up to $ 10^4 $ atoms and gate times of $ \SI{1}{\micro\second} $, decoherence due to spontaneous emission can be suppressed to negligible values.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
RSB Decoupling Property of MAP Estimators
Creators: name: Bereyhi, Ali
name: Müller, Ralf R.
name: Schulz-Baldes, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The large-system decoupling property of a MAP estimator is studied when it estimates the i.i.d. vector $\boldsymbol{x}$ from the observation $\boldsymbol{y}=\mathbf{A}\boldsymbol{x}+\boldsymbol{z}$ with $\mathbf{A}$ being chosen from a wide range of matrix ensembles, and the noise vector $\boldsymbol{z}$ being i.i.d. and Gaussian. Using the replica method, we show that the marginal joint distribution of any two corresponding input and output symbols converges to a deterministic distribution which describes the input-output distribution of a single user system followed by a MAP estimator. Under the $b$RSB assumption, the single user system is a scalar channel with additive noise where the noise term is given by the sum of an independent Gaussian random variable and $b$ correlated interference terms. As the $b$RSB assumption reduces to RS, the interference terms vanish which results in the formerly studied RS decoupling principle.
description: 5 pages, presented in Information Theory Workshop 2016
The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Anisotropic galaxy clustering in Fourier-space
Creators: name: Beutler, Florian
name: Seo, Hee-Jong
name: Saito, Shun
name: Chuang, Chia-Hsun
name: Cuesta, Antonio J.
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Gil-Marín, Héctor
name: Grieb, Jan Niklas
name: Hand, Nick
name: Kitaura, Francisco-Shu
name: Modi, Chirag
name: Nichol, Robert C.
name: Olmstead, Matthew D.
name: Percival, Will J.
name: Prada, Francisco
name: Sánchez, Ariel G.
name: Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio
name: Ross, Ashley J.
name: Ross, Nicholas P.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Tinker, Jeremy
name: Tojeiro, Rita
name: Vargas-Magaña, Mariana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the anisotropic clustering of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Data Release 12 (DR12) sample, which consists of $1\,198\,006$ galaxies in the redshift range $0.2 < z < 0.75$ and a sky coverage of $10\,252\,$deg$^2$. We analyse this dataset in Fourier space, using the power spectrum multipoles to measure Redshift-Space Distortions (RSD) simultaneously with the Alcock-Paczynski (AP) effect and the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) scale. We include the power spectrum monopole, quadrupole and hexadecapole in our analysis and compare our measurements with a perturbation theory based model, while properly accounting for the survey window function. To evaluate the reliability of our analysis pipeline we participate in a mock challenge, which resulted in systematic uncertainties significantly smaller than the statistical uncertainties. While the high-redshift constraint on $fσ_8$ at $z_{\rm eff}=0.61$ indicates a small ($\sim 1.4σ$) deviation from the prediction of the Planck $Λ$CDM model, the low-redshift constraint is in good agreement with Planck $Λ$CDM. This paper is part of a set that analyses the final galaxy clustering dataset from BOSS. The measurements and likelihoods presented here are combined with others in~\citet{Alam2016} to produce the final cosmological constraints from BOSS.
Sentence Similarity Measures for Fine-Grained Estimation of Topical Relevance in Learner Essays
Creators: name: Rei, Marek
name: Cummins, Ronan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the task of assessing sentence-level prompt relevance in learner essays. Various systems using word overlap, neural embeddings and neural compositional models are evaluated on two datasets of learner writing. We propose a new method for sentence-level similarity calculation, which learns to adjust the weights of pre-trained word embeddings for a specific task, achieving substantially higher accuracy compared to other relevant baselines.
description: Accepted for publication at BEA-2016
The higher-order magnetic skyrmions in non-uniform magnetic fields
Creators: name: Shustin, M. S.
name: Stepanenko, V. A.
name: Dzebisashvili, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For 2D Hubbard model with spin-orbit Rashba coupling in external magnetic field the structure of effective spin interactions is studied in the regime of strong electron correlations and at half-filling. It is shown that in the third order of perturbation theory, the scalar and vector chiral spin-spin interactions of the same order arise. The emergence of the latter is due to orbital effects of magnetic field. It is shown that for nonuniform fields, scalar chiral interaction can lead to stabilization of axially symmetric skyrmion states with arbitrary topological charges. Taking into account the hierarchy of effective spin interactions, an analytical theory on the optimal sizes of such states -- the higher-order magnetic skyrmions -- is developed for axially symmetric magnetic fields of the form $h(r) \sim r^β$ with $β\in \mathbb{R}$.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, 75 references
The Clustering of Galaxies in the Completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: single-probe measurements from DR12 galaxy clustering -- towards an accurate model
Creators: name: Chuang, Chia-Hsun
name: Pellejero-Ibanez, Marcos
name: Rodríguez-Torres, Sergio
name: Ross, Ashley J.
name: Zhao, Gong-bo
name: Wang, Yuting
name: Cuesta, Antonio J.
name: Rubiño-Martín, J. A.
name: Prada, Francisco
name: Alam, Shadab
name: Beutler, Florian
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Gil-Marín, Héctor
name: Grieb, Jan Niklas
name: Ho, Shirley
name: Kitaura, Francisco-Shu
name: Percival, Will J.
name: Rossi, Graziano
name: Salazar-Albornoz, Salvador
name: Samushia, Lado
name: Sánchez, Ariel G.
name: Satpathy, Siddharth
name: Slosar, Anže
name: Tinker, Jeremy L.
name: Tojeiro, Rita
name: Vargas-Magaña, Mariana
name: Vazquez, Jose A
name: Brownstein, Joel R.
name: Nichol, Robert C
name: Olmstead, Matthew D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the broad-range shape of the monopole and quadrupole correlation functions of the BOSS Data Release 12 (DR12) CMASS and LOWZ galaxy sample to obtain constraints on the Hubble expansion rate $H(z)$, the angular-diameter distance $D_A(z)$, the normalised growth rate $f(z)σ_8(z)$, and the physical matter density $Ω_mh^2$. We adopt wide and flat priors on all model parameters in order to ensure the results are those of a `single-probe' galaxy clustering analysis. We also marginalise over three nuisance terms that account for potential observational systematics affecting the measured monopole. However, such Monte Carlo Markov Chain analysis is computationally expensive for advanced theoretical models, thus we develop a new methodology to speed up our analysis. We obtain $\{D_A(z)r_{s,fid}/r_s$Mpc, $H(z)r_s/r_{s,fid}$kms$^{-1}$Mpc$^{-1}$, $f(z)σ_8(z)$, $Ω_m h^2\}$ = $\{956\pm28$ , $75.0\pm4.0$ , $0.397 \pm 0.073$, $0.143\pm0.017\}$ at $z=0.32$ and $\{1421\pm23$, $96.7\pm2.7$ , $0.497 \pm 0.058$, $0.137\pm0.015\}$ at $z=0.59$ where $r_s$ is the comoving sound horizon at the drag epoch and $r_{s,fid}=147.66$Mpc for the fiducial cosmology in this study. In addition, we divide the galaxy sample into four redshift bins to increase the sensitivity of redshift evolution. However, we do not find improvements in terms of constraining dark energy model parameters. Combining our measurements with Planck data, we obtain $Ω_m=0.306\pm0.009$, $H_0=67.9\pm0.7$kms$^{-1}$Mpc$^{-1}$, and $σ_8=0.815\pm0.009$ assuming $Λ$CDM; $Ω_k=0.000\pm0.003$ assuming oCDM; $w=-1.01\pm0.06$ assuming $w$CDM; and $w_0=-0.95\pm0.22$ and $w_a=-0.22\pm0.63$ assuming $w_0w_a$CDM. Our results show no tension with the flat $Λ$CDM cosmological paradigm. This paper is part of a set that analyses the final galaxy clustering dataset from BOSS.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures
Very Long Baseline Interferometry imaging of H2O maser emission in the nearby radio galaxy NGC 4261
Creators: name: Sawada-Satoh, Satoko
name: Kawakatu, Nozomu
name: Niinuma, Kotaro
name: Kameno, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report dual-frequency very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations at 22 and 43 GHz toward the nucleus of a nearby radio galaxy NGC 4261. In particular, we present a VLBI image of the 22 GHz H2O maser line and its location in the circumnuclear region of NGC 4261. H2O maser emission is marginally detected above the three times the rms level within a velocity range of approximately 2250-2450 km/s, slightly red-shifted with respect to the systemic velocity. H2O maser emission is located approximately 1 milliarcsecond (mas) east of the brightest continuum component at 22 GHz, where the continuum spectrum is optically thick, that is at the free-free absorbed receding jet by ionized gas. A positional coincidence between H2O maser emission and an ionized gas disk implies that the H2O maser emission arises from the near side of the disk, amplifying continuum emission from the background receding jet. If the disk axis is oriented 64 degree relative to the line of sight, the H2O maser emission is expected to be at a mean radius of 0.3 pc in the disk. The broad line width of the H2O maser emission can be attributed to complex kinematics in the immediate vicinity of the supermassive black hole (SMBH), including ongoing gas infall onto the SMBH, turbulence, and outflow. This is analogous to the multi-phase circumnuclear torus model in the nearest radio-loud H2O megamaser source NGC 1052. An alternative explanation for H2O maser association is the shock region between the jet and the ambient molecular clouds. However, this explanation fails to describe the explicit association of H2O maser emission only with the free-free absorbed receding jet.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PASJ