cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Switching of perpendicular magnetization by spin-orbit torques in the absence of external magnetic fields
Creators: name: Yu, Guoqiang
name: Upadhyaya, Pramey
name: Fan, Yabin
name: Alzate, Juan G
name: Jiang, Wanjun
name: Wong, Kin L.
name: Takei, So
name: Bender, Scott A
name: Lang, Murong
name: Tang, Jianshi
name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
name: Amiri, Pedram Khalili
name: Wang, Kang L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetization switching by current-induced spin-orbit torques (SOTs) is of great interest due to its potential applications for ultralow-power memory and logic devices. In order to be of technological interest, SOT effects need to switch ferromagnets with a perpendicular (out-of-plane) magnetization. Currently, however, this typically requires the presence of an in-plane external magnetic field, which is a major obstacle for practical applications. Here we report for the first time on SOT-induced switching of out-of-plane magnetized Ta/Co20Fe60B20/TaOx structures without the need for any external magnetic fields, driven by in-plane currents. This is achieved by introducing a lateral structural asymmetry into our devices during fabrication. The results show that a new field-like SOT is induced by in-plane currents in such asymmetric structures. The direction of the current-induced effective field corresponding to this new field-like SOT is out-of-plane, which facilitates switching of perpendicular magnets. This work thus provides a pathway towards bias-field-free SOT devices.
Robust Local Search for Solving RCPSP/max with Durational Uncertainty
Creators: name: Fu, Na
name: Lau, Hoong Chuin
name: Varakantham, Pradeep R.
name: Xiao, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Scheduling problems in manufacturing, logistics and project management have frequently been modeled using the framework of Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problems with minimum and maximum time lags (RCPSP/max). Due to the importance of these problems, providing scalable solution schedules for RCPSP/max problems is a topic of extensive research. However, all existing methods for solving RCPSP/max assume that durations of activities are known with certainty, an assumption that does not hold in real world scheduling problems where unexpected external events such as manpower availability, weather changes, etc. lead to delays or advances in completion of activities. Thus, in this paper, our focus is on providing a scalable method for solving RCPSP/max problems with durational uncertainty. To that end, we introduce the robust local search method consisting of three key ideas: (a) Introducing and studying the properties of two decision rule approximations used to compute start times of activities with respect to dynamic realizations of the durational uncertainty; (b) Deriving the expression for robust makespan of an execution strategy based on decision rule approximations; and (c) A robust local search mechanism to efficiently compute activity execution strategies that are robust against durational uncertainty. Furthermore, we also provide enhancements to local search that exploit temporal dependencies between activities. Our experimental results illustrate that robust local search is able to provide robust execution strategies efficiently.
Dendritic signal transmission induced by intracellular charge inhomogeneities
Creators: name: Lazarevich, Ivan A.
name: Kazantsev, Victor B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Signal propagation in neuronal dendrites represents the basis for interneuron communication and information processing in the brain. Here we take into account charge inhomogeneities arising in the vicinity of ion channels in cytoplasm and obtained a modified cable equation. We show that the charge inhomogeneities acting on the millisecond time scale can lead to the appearance of propagating waves with wavelengths of hundreds of micrometers. They correspond to a certain frequency band predicting the appearance of resonant properties in brain neuron signalling.
Contrast Everything: A Hierarchical Contrastive Framework for Medical Time-Series
Creators: name: Wang, Yihe
name: Han, Yu
name: Wang, Haishuai
name: Zhang, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contrastive representation learning is crucial in medical time series analysis as it alleviates dependency on labor-intensive, domain-specific, and scarce expert annotations. However, existing contrastive learning methods primarily focus on one single data level, which fails to fully exploit the intricate nature of medical time series. To address this issue, we present COMET, an innovative hierarchical framework that leverages data consistencies at all inherent levels in medical time series. Our meticulously designed model systematically captures data consistency from four potential levels: observation, sample, trial, and patient levels. By developing contrastive loss at multiple levels, we can learn effective representations that preserve comprehensive data consistency, maximizing information utilization in a self-supervised manner. We conduct experiments in the challenging patient-independent setting. We compare COMET against six baselines using three diverse datasets, which include ECG signals for myocardial infarction and EEG signals for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The results demonstrate that COMET consistently outperforms all baselines, particularly in setup with 10% and 1% labeled data fractions across all datasets. These results underscore the significant impact of our framework in advancing contrastive representation learning techniques for medical time series. The source code is available at https://github.com/DL4mHealth/COMET.
description: Accepted by NeurIPS 2023; 24pages (13 pages main paper + 11 pages supplementary materials)
title: Estimating the epicenters of local and regional seismic sources, using the circle and chord method (Tutorial with exercise by hand and movies)
Creators: name: Bormann, Peter
name: Siegfried, Wendt
Publisher: name: Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
Year: 2012
Subjects: Seismology

description: New Manual of Seismological Observatory Practice 2 (NMSOP2)
Monte Carlo Thought Search: Large Language Model Querying for Complex Scientific Reasoning in Catalyst Design
Creators: name: Sprueill, Henry W.
name: Edwards, Carl
name: Olarte, Mariefel V.
name: Sanyal, Udishnu
name: Ji, Heng
name: Choudhury, Sutanay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discovering novel catalysts requires complex reasoning involving multiple chemical properties and resultant trade-offs, leading to a combinatorial growth in the search space. While large language models (LLM) have demonstrated novel capabilities for chemistry through complex instruction following capabilities and high quality reasoning, a goal-driven combinatorial search using LLMs has not been explored in detail. In this work, we present a Monte Carlo Tree Search-based approach that improves beyond state-of-the-art chain-of-thought prompting variants to augment scientific reasoning. We introduce two new reasoning datasets: 1) a curation of computational chemistry simulations, and 2) diverse questions written by catalysis researchers for reasoning about novel chemical conversion processes. We improve over the best baseline by 25.8\% and find that our approach can augment scientist's reasoning and discovery process with novel insights.
Auxiliary fields in open gauge theories
Creators: name: Djeghloul, N.
name: Meziane, A.
name: Tahiri, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that for open gauge theories, it is possible to build an off-shell Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) algebra together with an invariant extension of the classical action. This is based on the introduction of auxiliary fields, after having defined an on-shell invariant quantum action, where the gauge-fixing action is written as in Yang-Mills type theories up to a modified BRST operator. An application to simple supergravity is performed.
description: 12 pages, no figures
Nonequilibrium Kinetic Study of Sintering of Dispersed Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Gorshkov, Vyacheslav
name: Kuzmenko, Vasily
name: Privman, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kinetic Monte Carlo approach is developed to study aspects of sintering of dispersed nanoparticles of bimodal size distributions. We explore mechanisms of neck development when sintering is initiated at elevated temperatures for nanosize crystalline surfaces of particles of different sizes. Specifically, the role of smaller particles fitting between larger particles, on the sintering of the latter is considered. Formation of stable necks bridging particles at the nanoscale was found to be governed by layering or clustering mechanisms at the facing surfaces, with clustering leading to a much faster formation of the bridging structure. Temperature, particle sizes and local arrangement, as well as other geometrical factors were found to have a profound effect on sintering mediated by a smaller particle placed in a void between larger particles.
Certification + FAIR Support Workshop for Data Repositories - addressing common issues in CoreTrustSeal self-assessments
Creators: name: Stein, Ilona von
name: Čepinskas, Linas
name: Huigen, Frans
name: L'Hours, Hervé
name: Rouchon, Olivier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Certification support
Repository certification
CoreTrustSeal
Trusted Digital Repositories
FAIR Data

description: This workshop was provided within Task 4.3 concerning certification support for digital repositories. Through this certification support workshop, which is the third output in the FAIRsFAIR Certification Support Programme. FAIRsFAIR provides support and capacity building including materials, training and advice for repository managers to improve their knowledge of activities related to the preparations for CoreTrustSeal self-assessments. Participants to this workshop were representatives of the ten repositories that have been selected for the Certification Support initiative, part of FAIRsFAIR Work Package 4 on FAIR Certification. Prior to this workshop, FAIRsFAIR has conducted a survery among the ten repositories. With the survey, we identified common issues that arose during the CoreTrustSeal self-assessment progress. In the presentation, you see the visual ranking of the issues that were most prevalent among repository representatives. During this workshop, we chose to address issues surrounding Long-term Preservation (Requirements 3 & 10), and repository and archiving workflows (R12).
Unfounded Sets and Well-Founded Semantics of Answer Set Programs with Aggregates
Creators: name: Alviano, Mario
name: Calimeri, Francesco
name: Faber, Wolfgang
name: Leone, Nicola
name: Perri, Simona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Logic programs with aggregates (LPA) are one of the major linguistic extensions to Logic Programming (LP). In this work, we propose a generalization of the notions of unfounded set and well-founded semantics for programs with monotone and antimonotone aggregates (LPAma programs). In particular, we present a new notion of unfounded set for LPAma programs, which is a sound generalization of the original definition for standard (aggregate-free) LP. On this basis, we define a well-founded operator for LPAma programs, the fixpoint of which is called well-founded model (or well-founded semantics) for LPAma programs. The most important properties of unfounded sets and the well-founded semantics for standard LP are retained by this generalization, notably existence and uniqueness of the well-founded model, together with a strong relationship to the answer set semantics for LPAma programs. We show that one of the D-well-founded semantics, defined by Pelov, Denecker, and Bruynooghe for a broader class of aggregates using approximating operators, coincides with the well-founded model as defined in this work on LPAma programs. We also discuss some complexity issues, most importantly we give a formal proof of tractable computation of the well-founded model for LPA programs. Moreover, we prove that for general LPA programs, which may contain aggregates that are neither monotone nor antimonotone, deciding satisfaction of aggregate expressions with respect to partial interpretations is coNP-complete. As a consequence, a well-founded semantics for general LPA programs that allows for tractable computation is unlikely to exist, which justifies the restriction on LPAma programs. Finally, we present a prototype system extending DLV, which supports the well-founded semantics for LPAma programs, at the time of writing the only implemented system that does so. Experiments with this prototype show significant computational advantages of aggregate constructs over equivalent aggregate-free encodings.
Dr.Fill: Crosswords and an Implemented Solver for Singly Weighted CSPs
Creators: name: Ginsberg, Matthew L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe Dr.Fill, a program that solves American-style crossword puzzles. From a technical perspective, Dr.Fill works by converting crosswords to weighted CSPs, and then using a variety of novel techniques to find a solution. These techniques include generally applicable heuristics for variable and value selection, a variant of limited discrepancy search, and postprocessing and partitioning ideas. Branch and bound is not used, as it was incompatible with postprocessing and was determined experimentally to be of little practical value. Dr.Fillls performance on crosswords from the American Crossword Puzzle Tournament suggests that it ranks among the top fifty or so crossword solvers in the world.
title: Measuring rotational ground motions in seismological practice
Creators: name: Lee, William. H. K.
name: Evans, John R.
name: Huang, Bor-Shouh
name: Hutt, Charles R.
name: Lin, Chin-Jen
name: Liu, Chun-Chi
name: Nigbor, Robert L.
Publisher: name: Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
Year: 2012
Subjects: Seismology

description: New Manual of Seismological Observatory Practice 2 (NMSOP2)
An Exploratory Study on Mice Organisers in Singapore-Towards the Implementation of Green Practices at Events
Creators: name: Lee, Kuan-Huei
name: Hor, Xiao Tong
name: Lim, Jia Hui
name: Lee, Shermine
name: Yeo, Si Min
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2023

description: Green practices have been recognised as a growing requirement in the global Meeting, Incentive, Convention and Exhibition (MICE) industry due to increasing demand from key stakeholders, and the significant environmental harm caused by the industry. However, the subject on green practice in the Singapore MICE industry remains as one of the least developed areas of academic research. To address this gap, qualitative research involving semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with eight Singapore MICE organisers. It aimed to explore their views towards green practices, their extent of implementation in the waste and energy classification, as well as the motivation and barriers faced during adoption. This study revealed new findings on the contrast between Multinational Corporations (MNC) and Small & Medium Enterprise (SME) MICE companies’ commitment toward sustainable practices. The low usage of sustainability guidelines available in the market was linked to its inability to withstand the test of time in the evolving MICE industry. The study provides Practices insights for both academics and MICE practitioners given the infancy of green in Singapore coupled with the growing enthusiasm in the global MICE industry. Further research could investigate exploring internal factors affecting the adoption of sustainability practices as well as gathering views of other event stakeholders.
Aligned grains and inferred toroidal magnetic fields in the envelopes of massive young stellar objects
Creators: name: Simpson, Janet P.
name: Whitney, Barbara A.
name: Hines, Dean C.
name: Schneider, Glenn
name: Burton, Michael G.
name: Colgan, Sean W. J.
name: Cotera, Angela S.
name: Erickson, Edwin F.
name: Wolff, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive young stellar objects (YSOs), like low-mass YSOs, are thought to be surrounded by optically thick envelopes and/or discs and are observed to have associated regions that produce polarized light at near-infrared wavelengths. These polarized regions are thought to be lower-density outflows along the polar axes of the YSO envelopes. Using the 0.2 arcsec spatial resolution of the Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer on the Hubble Space Telescope we are examining the structure of the envelopes and outflow regions of massive YSOs in star-forming regions within a few kpc of the Sun. Here we report on 2 micron polarimetry of Mon R2-IRS3, S140-IRS1, and AFGL 2591. All three sources contain YSOs with highly-polarized monopolar outflows, with Mon R2-IRS3 containing at least two YSOs in a small cluster. The central stars of all four YSOs are also polarized, with position angles perpendicular to the directions of the outflows. We infer that this polarization is due to scattering and absorption by aligned grains. We have modelled our observations of S140-IRS1 and AFGL 2591 as light scattered and absorbed both by spherical grains and by elongated grains that are aligned by magnetic fields. Models that best reproduce the observations have a substantial toroidal component to the magnetic field in the equatorial plane. Moreover, the toroidal magnetic field in the model that best fits AFGL 2591 extends a large fraction of the height of the model cavity, which is 10^5 au. We conclude that the massive YSOs in this study all show evidence of the presence of a substantial toroidal magnetic field.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures. To be published in MNRAS
Evolution of AXPs, SGRs and DRQNSs
Creators: name: Yazgan, Efe
name: Guseinov, Oktay
name: Ankay, Askin
name: Tagieva, Sevinc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: AXPs, SGRs and DRQNSs, Magnetars, Fall-back disks, Neutron stars, Supernova Remnants

description: Presentation at the X-ray and Gamma-ray Astronomy, ROTSE (Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment) Workshop, METU July 2002
description: {"references": ["Guseinov, Yazgan, Ankay, Tagieva, International Journal of Modern Physics DVol. 12, No. 01, pp. 1-34 (2003), https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218271803002469, arXiv:astro-ph/0206330"]}
Full Control of Magnetism in Manganite Bilayer by Ferroelectric Polarization
Creators: name: Dong, Shuai
name: Dagotto, Elbio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An oxide heterostructure made of manganite bilayers and ferroelectric perovskites is predicted to lead to the full control of magnetism when switching the ferroelectric polarizations. By using asymmetric polar interfaces in the superlattices, more electrons occupy the Mn layer at the $n$-type interface side than at the $p$-type side. This charge disproportionation can be enhanced or suppressed by the ferroelectric polarization. Quantum model and density functional theory calculations reach the same conclusion: a ferromagnetic-ferrimagnetic phase transition with maximal change $>90%$ of the total magnetization can be achieved by switching the polarization's direction. This function is robust and provides full control of the magnetization's magnitude, not only its direction, via electrical methods.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
On the Virtual Element Method for Three-Dimensional Elasticity Problems on Arbitrary Polyhedral Meshes
Creators: name: Gain, Arun L.
name: Talischi, Cameron
name: Paulino, Glaucio H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We explore the recently-proposed Virtual Element Method (VEM) for numerical solution of boundary value problems on arbitrary polyhedral meshes. More specifically, we focus on the elasticity equations in three-dimensions and elaborate upon the key concepts underlying the first-order VEM. While the point of departure is a conforming Galerkin framework, the distinguishing feature of VEM is that it does not require an explicit computation of the trial and test spaces, thereby circumventing a barrier to standard finite element discretizations on arbitrary grids. At the heart of the method is a particular kinematic decomposition of element deformation states which, in turn, leads to a corresponding decomposition of strain energy. By capturing the energy of linear deformations exactly, one can guarantee satisfaction of the engineering patch test and optimal convergence of numerical solutions. The decomposition itself is enabled by local projection maps that appropriately extract the rigid body motion and constant strain components of the deformation. As we show, computing these projection maps and subsequently the local stiffness matrices, in practice, reduces to the computation of purely geometric quantities. In addition to discussing aspects of implementation of the method, we present several numerical studies in order to verify convergence of the VEM and evaluate its performance for various types of meshes.
From Beijing Dayuan: Mass Culture and Imagined Modernity in 1980s China
Creators: name: Fu, Tianyang
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Beijing Dayuan
subject: China
subject: Mass Culture
subject: Modernity
subject: Humanism
subject: 1980s

description: The 1980s marked a significant pivot in Chinese society, as it signaled the inception of China's participation in the global market, concluding the "isolated" era crafted by Cold War alignments with the banners of "modernization" and "reform and opening up." This paper engages with the emergence of mass culture and examines the "Anti-Fengjian" and "Humanistic Discourse" it carries in the 1980s. Through a critical discourse analysis of novels, films, and music—pioneering mass cultural production predecessors generated by the "Dayuan Second Red Generation"—this paper contends that the socio-structural changes occurring both globally and domestically during the 1980s fostered a phase of new social anomie under Deng Xiaoping, compared to the anomie created by socialist revolutions under Mao Zedong, in China. It is a period that emerged after Chinese citizens lost the national identity constructed through class/revolutionary discourse in Mao's time, during which the Chinese people were compelled to face global realities and reconstruct their relationship with the state. Mass culture, along with elite intellectual and state discourse, advocated for a potent alternative ideology as "modernity." This ideology offered a vision for the Chinese people, one deeply constructed through capitalist productive foundations that endorse individualism and portray it as humanism. Three key power holders direct this process: the Dayuan Second Red Generation, who spearheaded and advanced China's mass culture; elite intellectuals, who sparked the "Culture Fever" discussions around modernity; and the state, which collaborated with the aforementioned groups and jointly restructured the relation between individual and state in the post-revolution China.
SAS+ Planning as Satisfiability
Creators: name: Huang, Ruoyun
name: Chen, Yixin
name: Zhang, Weixiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Planning as satisfiability is a principal approach to planning with many eminent advantages. The existing planning as satisfiability techniques usually use encodings compiled from STRIPS. We introduce a novel SAT encoding scheme (SASE) based on the SAS+ formalism. The new scheme exploits the structural information in SAS+, resulting in an encoding that is both more compact and efficient for planning. We prove the correctness of the new encoding by establishing an isomorphism between the solution plans of SASE and that of STRIPS based encodings. We further analyze the transition variables newly introduced in SASE to explain why it accommodates modern SAT solving algorithms and improves performance. We give empirical statistical results to support our analysis. We also develop a number of techniques to further reduce the encoding size of SASE, and conduct experimental studies to show the strength of each individual technique. Finally, we report extensive experimental results to demonstrate significant improvements of SASE over the state-of-the-art STRIPS based encoding schemes in terms of both time and memory efficiency.
Decay of correlations in 1D lattice systems of continuous spins and long-range interaction
Creators: name: Menz, Georg
name: Nittka, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 82C26, secondary 82B20, 60K35, 26D10

description: We consider an one-dimensional lattice system of unbounded and continuous spins. The Hamiltonian consists of a perturbed strictly-convex single-site potential and with longe-range interaction. We show that if the interactions decay algebraically of order 2+a, a>0 then the correlations also decay algebraically of order 2+ã for some ã > 0. For the argument we generalize a method from Zegarlinski from finite-range to infinite-range interaction to get a preliminary decay of correlations, which is improved to the correct order by a recursive scheme based on Lebowitz inequalities. Because the decay of correlations yields the uniqueness of the Gibbs measure, the main result of this article yields that the on-phase region of a continuous spin system is at least as large as for the Ising model.
Comparison of magnetic field uniformities for discretized and finite-sized standard $\cosθ$, solenoidal, and spherical coils
Creators: name: Nouri, N.
name: Plaster, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A significant challenge for experiments requiring a highly uniform magnetic field concerns the identification and design of a discretized and finite-sized magnetic field coil of minimal size. In this work we compare calculations of the magnetic field uniformities and field gradients for three different standard (i.e., non-optimized) types of coils: $\cosθ$, solenoidal, and spherical coils. For an experiment with a particular requirement on either the field uniformity or the field gradient, we show that the volume required by a spherical coil form which satisfies these requirements can be significantly less than the volumes required by $\cosθ$ and solenoidal coil forms.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Menus for Feeding Black Holes
Creators: name: Kocsis, Bence
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes are the ultimate prisons of the Universe, regions of spacetime where the enormous gravity prohibits matter or even light to escape to infinity. Yet, matter falling toward the black holes may shine spectacularly, generating the strongest source of radiation. These sources provide us with astrophysical laboratories of extreme physical conditions that cannot be realized on Earth. This chapter offers a review of the basic menus for feeding matter onto black holes and discusses their observational implications.
description: 27 pages. Accepted for publication in Space Science Reviews. Also to appear in hard cover in the Space Sciences Series of ISSI "The Physics of Accretion onto Black Holes" (Springer Publisher)
Soft factors with AdS radius corrections
Creators: name: Fernandes, Karan
name: Banerjee, Nabamita
name: Mitra, Arpita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent developments concerning the soft factorization of scattering amplitudes that arise in the large radius limit of four dimensional Anti-de Sitter (AdS$_4$) spacetimes. This includes the presence of AdS radius dependent corrections of known flat spacetime soft factors and their implication on the relationship between soft theorems and Ward identities of the boundary conformal field theory.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure. Contribution to the Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Holography, String Theory and Spacetime, Da Nang, Vietnam, February 2023
Growth and fragmentation of centimetre-sized dust aggregates: the dependence on aggregate size and porosity
Creators: name: Meru, Farzana
name: Geretshauser, Ralf J.
name: Schaefer, Christoph
name: Speith, Roland
name: Kley, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out three-dimensional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics simulations of spherical homogeneous SiO2 dust aggregates to investigate how the mass and the porosity of the aggregates affects their ability to survive an impact at various different collision velocities (between 1 - 27.5m/s). We explore how the threshold velocities for fragmentation vary with these parameters. Crucially, we find that the porosity plays a part of utmost importance in determining the outcome of collisions. In particular, we find that aggregates with filling factors >37% are significantly weakened and that the velocity regime in which the aggregates grow is reduced or even non-existent (instead, the aggregates either rebound off each other or break apart). At filling factors less than ~37% we find that more porous objects are weaker but not as weak as highly compact objects with filling factors >37%. In addition we find that (for a given aggregate density) collisions between very different mass objects have higher threshold velocities than those between very similar mass objects. We find that fragmentation velocities are higher than the typical values of 1m/s and that growth can even occur for velocities as high as 27.5m/s. Therefore, while the growth of aggregates is more likely if collisions between different sized objects occurs or if the aggregates are porous with filling factor <37%, it may also be hindered if the aggregates become too compact.
description: 21 pages, 18 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Learning and Reasoning with Action-Related Places for Robust Mobile Manipulation
Creators: name: Stulp, Freek
name: Fedrizzi, Andreas
name: Mösenlechner, Lorenz
name: Beetz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose the concept of Action-Related Place (ARPlace) as a powerful and flexible representation of task-related place in the context of mobile manipulation. ARPlace represents robot base locations not as a single position, but rather as a collection of positions, each with an associated probability that the manipulation action will succeed when located there. ARPlaces are generated using a predictive model that is acquired through experience-based learning, and take into account the uncertainty the robot has about its own location and the location of the object to be manipulated. When executing the task, rather than choosing one specific goal position based only on the initial knowledge about the task context, the robot instantiates an ARPlace, and bases its decisions on this ARPlace, which is updated as new information about the task becomes available. To show the advantages of this least-commitment approach, we present a transformational planner that reasons about ARPlaces in order to optimize symbolic plans. Our empirical evaluation demonstrates that using ARPlaces leads to more robust and efficient mobile manipulation in the face of state estimation uncertainty on our simulated robot.
Torus actions and tensor products of intersection cohomology
Creators: name: Bapat, Asilata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given certain intersection cohomology sheaves on a projective variety with a torus action, we relate the cohomology groups of their tensor product to the cohomology groups of the individual sheaves. We also prove a similar result in the case of equivariant cohomology.
description: 8 pages
Direct Imaging of a Compact Molecular Outflow from a Very Low-luminosity Object; L1521F-IRS
Creators: name: Takahashi, Satoko
name: Ohashi, Nagayoshi
name: Bourke, Tyler
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report interferometric observations of the VeLLO L1521F-IRS, in 12CO (2-1) line emission and the 1.3 mm continuum emission, using the Submillimeter Array (SMA). With the 12CO high-resolution observations, we have spatially resolved a compact but poorly collimated molecular outflow associated with L1521F-IRS for the first time. The blueshifted and redshifted lobes are aligned along the east and west side of L1521F-IRS with a lobe size of ~1000 AU. The estimated outflow mass, maximum outflow velocity, and outflow force are (9.0-80)x10^{-4} M_{sol}, 7.2 km s^{-1}, and (7.4-66)x10^{-7} M_{sol} km s^{-1} yr^{-1}, respectively. The estimated outflow parameters such as size, mass, and momentum rate are similar to values derived for other VeLLOs, and are located at the lower end of values compared to previously studied outflows associated with low- to high-mass star forming regions. Low-velocity less collimated (1.5 km s^{-1}/1200 AU) and higher-velocity compact (4.0 km s^{-1}/920 AU) outflow components are suggested by the data. These velocity structures are not consistent with those expected in the jet driven or wind driven outflow models, perhaps suggesting a remnant outflow from the FHSC as well as an undeveloped outflow from the protostar. Detection of an infrared source and compact millimeter continuum emission suggest the presence of the protostar, while its low bolometric luminosity (0.034-0.07 L$_{\odot}$), and small outflow, suggests that L1521F is in the earliest protostellar stage ($<10^{4}$ yr) and contains a substellar mass object. The bolometric (or internal) luminosity of L1521F-IRS suggests that the current mass accretion rate is an order-of-magnitude lower than expected in the standard mass accretion model (~10^{-6} M_{sol} yr^{-1}), which may imply that L1521F-IRS is currently in a low activity phase.
description: Accepted to ApJ
"C1C1WW_300_50_SLHA.dat" of "Search for electroweak production of charginos and sleptons decaying into final states with two leptons and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV $pp$ collisions using the ATLAS detector"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2019

description: C1C1WW_300_50 SLHA
description: A search for the electroweak production of charginos and sleptons decaying into final states with two electrons or muons is presented. The analysis is based on 139.0 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV. Three R-parity conserving scenarios where the lightest neutralino is the lightest supersymmetric particle are considered: the production of chargino pairs with decays via either W bosons or sleptons, and the direct production of slepton pairs. The analysis is optimised to target the first of these scenarios, but its results are also interpreted in the other ones. No significant deviations from the Standard Model expectations are observed and stringent limits at 95% confidence level are set on the masses of relevant supersymmetric particles in each of these scenarios. For a massless lightest neutralino, masses up to 420 GeV are excluded for the production of the lightest chargino pairs assuming W boson mediated decays and up to 1 TeV for slepton mediated decays, whereas for slepton-pair production masses up to 700 GeV are excluded assuming three generations of mass-degenerate sleptons.
A Time Resolved Study of the Broad Line Region in Blazar 3C 454.3
Creators: name: Isler, Jedidah C.
name: Urry, C. Megan
name: Coppi, Paolo
name: Bailyn, Charles
name: Chatterjee, Ritaban
name: Fossati, Giovanni
name: Bonning, Erin W.
name: Maraschi, Laura
name: Buxton, Michelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multi-epoch optical observations of the blazar 3C 454.3 (z = 0.859) from 2008 August through 2011 December, using the SMARTS Consortium 1.5m+RCSpectrograph and 1.3m+ANDICAM in Cerro Tololo, Chile. The spectra reveal that the broad optical emission lines Mg II, H-beta and H-gamma are far less variable than the optical or gamma-ray continuum. Although, the gamma-rays varied by a factor of 100 above the EGRET era flux, the lines generally vary by a factor of 2 or less. Smaller variations in the gamma-ray flux did not produce significant variation in any of the observed emission lines. Therefore, to first order, the ionizing flux from the disk changes only slowly during large variations of the jet. However, two exceptions in the response of the broad emission lines are reported during the largest gamma-ray flares in 2009 December and 2010 November, when significant deviations from the mean line flux in H-gamma and Mg II were observed. H-gamma showed a maximum 3-sigma and 4-sigma deviation in each flare, respectively, corresponding to a factor of 1.7 and 2.5 increase in flux. Mg II showed a 2-sigma deviation in both flares; no variation was detected in H-beta during either flare. These significant deviations from the mean line flux also coincide with 7mm core ejections reported previously (Jorstad et al. 2012). The correlation of the increased emission line flux with mm core ejections, and gamma-ray, optical and UV flares suggests that the broad line region extends beyond the gamma-emitting region during the 2009 and 2010 flares.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
Effect of Confinement and Topology: 2-TIPS vs MIPS
Creators: name: Venkatareddy, Nayana
name: Mandal, Jaydeep
name: Maiti, Prabal K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 2-TIPS (Two Temperature induced phase separation) refers to the phase separation phenomenon observed in mixtures of active and passive particles which are modelled using scalar activity. The active particles are connected to a thermostat at high temperature while the passive particles are connected to the thermostat at low temperature and the relative temperature difference between "hot" and "cold" particles is taken as the measure of the activity of the non-equilibrium system. The study of such binary mixtures of hot and cold particles under various kinds of confinement is an important problem in many physical and biological processes. The nature and extent of phase separation are heavily influenced by the geometry of confinement, activity, and density of the non-equilibrium binary mixture. Investigating such 3D binary mixtures confined by parallel walls, we observe that, the active and passive particles phase separate, but the extent of phase separation is reduced compared to bulk phase separation at high densities and enhanced at low densities. However, when the binary mixture of active and passive particles is confined inside a spherical cavity, the phase separation is radial for small radii of the confining sphere and the extent of phase separation is higher compared to their bulk counterparts. Confinement leads to interesting properties in the passive(cold) region like enhanced layering and high compression in the direction parallel to the confining wall. In 2D, both the bulk and confined systems of the binary mixture show a significant decrement in the extent of phase separation at higher densities. This observation is attributed to the trapping of active particles inside the passive cluster, which increases with density. similar phase co-existence.
description: Soft Matter (2023)
Nuclear polarization effects in muonic atoms
Creators: name: Ji, Chen
name: Dinur, Nir Nevo
name: Bacca, Sonia
name: Barnea, Nir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We illustrate how nuclear polarization corrections in muonic atoms can be formally connected to inelastic response functions of a nucleus. We first discuss the point-nucleon approximation and then include finite-nucleon-size corrections. As an example, we compare our ab-initio calculation of the third Zemach moment in the muonic Helium-4 ion to previous phenomenological results.
description: 5 pages, Presented at the 22nd European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (EFB22) held at Krakow, Poland, 9 - 13 September 2013
"C1C1SlepSnu_600_300_1_SLHA.dat" of "Search for electroweak production of charginos and sleptons decaying into final states with two leptons and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV $pp$ collisions using the ATLAS detector"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2019

description: C1C1SlepSnu_600_300_1 SLHA
description: A search for the electroweak production of charginos and sleptons decaying into final states with two electrons or muons is presented. The analysis is based on 139.0 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV. Three R-parity conserving scenarios where the lightest neutralino is the lightest supersymmetric particle are considered: the production of chargino pairs with decays via either W bosons or sleptons, and the direct production of slepton pairs. The analysis is optimised to target the first of these scenarios, but its results are also interpreted in the other ones. No significant deviations from the Standard Model expectations are observed and stringent limits at 95% confidence level are set on the masses of relevant supersymmetric particles in each of these scenarios. For a massless lightest neutralino, masses up to 420 GeV are excluded for the production of the lightest chargino pairs assuming W boson mediated decays and up to 1 TeV for slepton mediated decays, whereas for slepton-pair production masses up to 700 GeV are excluded assuming three generations of mass-degenerate sleptons.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DE JOGOS NO COMBATE A ANSIEDADE MATEMÁTICA: PERSPECTIVAS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA A PARTIR DAS NEUROCIÊNCIAS
Creators: name: Avaetê de Lunetta e Rodrigues Guerra
name: Diego de Vargas Matos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: A Ansiedade Matemática (AM) é um problema que afeta muitos estudantes em todo o mundo. No entanto, as neurociências têm mostrado que o uso de estratégias no campo mental pode ser eficaz no combate a essa ansiedade, proporcionando uma abordagem diferenciada para o ensino da matemática. O objetivo principal do presente artigo é analisar como a utilização de jogos nas aulas de matemática pode contribuir de forma significativa para o declínio ou término da AM para crianças em idade escolar. Essa investigação utilizará como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica, na medida em que articula dimensões qualitativas em seu processo. A partir deste estudo, pode-se concluir que a utilização de jogos no ensino de matemática, aliada ao conhecimento das neurociências, pode contribuir para superar a AM e promover uma educação matemática mais inclusiva e eficiente. Ainda, mostrou que é fundamental que educadores e pesquisadores continuem explorando essa abordagem, buscando aprimorar as práticas e desenvolver novas estratégias que possam beneficiar estudantes.
Rural Ways of Knowing in Higher Education
Creators: name: Almond, Devon
Publisher: name: Texas Education Review
Year: 2020
Subjects: ways of knowing
rural higher education
place in education
Spiral Dynamics

description: Colleges and universities are wise to better understand the vital sense of place that underlies rural ways of knowing in higher education. For rural students, going to college is often challenging in large part because of an external institutional perspective that precludes these place-based ways of knowing. Drawing parallels with indigenous knowledge systems, this article highlights the importance of shifting from the institutional perspective of “coming to the university” to the student’s perspective of “going to the university.” The Spiral Dynamics model allows colleges and universities to better understand students who are "coming to the university” from environments where higher education is not already embedded into the everyday cultural ecosystems.
Exploiting Model Equivalences for Solving Interactive Dynamic Influence Diagrams
Creators: name: Zeng, Yifeng
name: Doshi, Prashant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We focus on the problem of sequential decision making in partially observable environments shared with other agents of uncertain types having similar or conflicting objectives. This problem has been previously formalized by multiple frameworks one of which is the interactive dynamic influence diagram (I-DID), which generalizes the well-known influence diagram to the multiagent setting. I-DIDs are graphical models and may be used to compute the policy of an agent given its belief over the physical state and others models, which changes as the agent acts and observes in the multiagent setting. As we may expect, solving I-DIDs is computationally hard. This is predominantly due to the large space of candidate models ascribed to the other agents and its exponential growth over time. We present two methods for reducing the size of the model space and stemming its exponential growth. Both these methods involve aggregating individual models into equivalence classes. Our first method groups together behaviorally equivalent models and selects only those models for updating which will result in predictive behaviors that are distinct from others in the updated model space. The second method further compacts the model space by focusing on portions of the behavioral predictions. Specifically, we cluster actionally equivalent models that prescribe identical actions at a single time step. Exactly identifying the equivalences would require us to solve all models in the initial set. We avoid this by selectively solving some of the models, thereby introducing an approximation. We discuss the error introduced by the approximation, and empirically demonstrate the improved efficiency in solving I-DIDs due to the equivalences.