Curtonotum hunkingi Klymko & Marshall 2011, sp. n.
Creators: name: Klymko, John
name: Marshall, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Curtonotidae
Curtonotum
Curtonotum hunkingi

description: Curtonotum hunkingi Klymko & Marshall, sp. n.   
Figures 180–186  
 Etymology. In honour of Mr. J. Hunking, a high school biology teacher that inspired JK to pursue studies in biology.   
 Diagnosis. See diagnosis of C. atlanticum.   
 Description. Similar to C. atlanticum except as follows. Length: 8.0 mm. Frons width 1.2–1.3 times frons height, parallel sided to slightly narrower ventrally, microtomentum of ocellar triangle extending anterior of anterior ocellus, anterior margin rounded. Proclinate seta ca. 0.29–0.30 sagittal distance from anterior ocellus to ventral margin of frons. Eye height 7.4–10.7 times gena height. Palpus ground colour similar to or slightly darker than clypeus colour. Medial pair of scutal vittae extending anteriorly to base of postpronotal lobe (this is based solely on one male from Sta. Catarina, Brazil, specimen, other two specimens with greasy thoraces). 6–10 ctenidial setae present. Hind femur with 2 subapical dorsal setae in specimen from Parana, Brazil. Row of cuneiform setae present on proximal three-quarters to entire anteroventral margin of mid tarsomere 5 and proximal ca. three-quarters of hind tarsomere 5.   
 Male terminalia: Sternite 5 with invaginate area of weak sclerotization on distal margin, weakly sclerotized area setulose, posterior margin truncate; tergite 6 well sclerotized, with desclerotized break on right side dorsally; tergite 7 relatively broad, dorsal width ca. 0.4–0.8 times epandrial dorsal width; both sternite 6 and 7 well separated into right and left portions, right and left portion of sternite 6 broad and well sclerotized, left portion more heavily sclerotized proximally; right portion of sternite 7 a well-sclerotized relatively broad band, subequal in length to right portion of sternite 6. Epandrium moderately large, distinctly longer ventrally than dorsally in lateral profile, with large posterolateral lobe (particularly evident in posterior profile) and scattered setulae (in no area are these particularly long); surstylus laterally articulating with and medially fused to epandrium, broadly rounded posteriorly in lateral profile, with small concavity on posterior margin, in posterior profile medial margin with sharp obtuse point, minutely setulose medially and ventrally, area adjacent to postgonite concave. Cercus stout, with ventral margin flat to slightly concave, longest cercal setulae shorter than longest epandrial setulae. Hypandrium with broad-based and broadly rounded to triangular dorsobasal lobe, posterior bridge produced ventrally, hypandrial arm relatively straight, with 2–3 ventromedially oriented setulae on ventral projection at base of postgonite, these on pronounced ventral lobe, broadly fused distally with opposite hypandrial arm; medial margin of postgonite with broad medial process abutting with adjacent postgonite, apex slightly upturned in lateral profile, minutely setulose dorsally. Phallapodeme with relatively small anteriorly bulging “fan”, margin opposite fan convex; basiphallus very elongate, weakly sclerotized basally, straightening apically, with subapical concavity on left in posterior profile; distiphallus base slender and elongate, bowing slightly to left, bowing dorsally in lateral profile, apex bilobed, left lobe perpendicular to axis of phallus basally, apical two-thirds bent posteriorly, with narrow, heavily sclerotized area on ventral surface, this extending to or beyond midpoint, moderately sclerotized on lateral margin to base of recurved process, lobe otherwise lightly sclerotized, dorsal surface with fine spinules, ventral surface with very broad base spinules extending to serrate distolateral margin, apex broadly rounded; right lobe straight, in same axis as phallus, lightly sclerotized ventrally, with pebbled texture, broad moderately sclerotized region dorsally, short fine spinules dorsally (these longer laterally) and pebbled texture laterally, apex rounded. Ejaculatory apodeme outside of basiphallus, rod-shaped, with small pores on basal ca. two-thirds, slightly broader distally.   
 Female terminalia: Ovipositor slender and elongate (as in Figure 202). Sternite 5 length 2.0 times width, sternite 6 length 1.1 times width. Tergite 6 and tergite 7 desclerotized medially. Tergite 8 and sternite 8 weakly sclerotized proximally. Sternite 8 broadening posteriorly, with extensive heavy sclerotization along margins of posterior half, area of heavy sclerotization free of microtrichia. Sternite 10 elongate, distal half broad, heavily sclerotized along proximal edge, proximal edge bent dorsally, band of heavy sclerotization medially, this area with larger microtrichia. Spermatheca finely rugose, the raised rugae with small papillae. Ventral receptacle with squat, oblique neck and large globose head, neck moderately sclerotized, head lightly so, duct with minute longitudinal wrinkles.   
 Comments. The frons markings on the two Sta. Catarina, Brazil, specimens are somewhat fainter than what is typical in C. atlanticum, however in both specimens it appears the frons may have darkened somewhat in preservation. The sole female specimen available for study was collected at the same locality and in the same month and year as one of the two male specimens. The medial area of desclerotization of tergite 6 in the female specimen narrows distally. In C. atlanticum and C. papillatum tergite 6 is only desclerotized on the proximal half. Given that the amount of such desclerotization varies somewhat between specimens in these other two species, it is not known if the condition seen in this single specimen is aberrant or typical of the species. Until more specimens are available this character is not considered diagnostic.   
 Type material. Holotype: ♂: BRAZIL. Parana: Bocaiúva do Sul, 25˚08’S, 49˚04’W, 1000 m, xi.1965, F. Plaumann (USNM). Paratypes: ♂, ♀: BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Florianópolis, xii.1957, J. Lane (MZSP).
description: Published as part of Klymko, John & Marshall, Stephen A., 2011, Systematics of New World Curtonotum Macquart (Diptera: Curtonotidae) 3079, pp. 1-110 in Zootaxa 3079 (1) on pages 97-99, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3079.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5243925