cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning with Functional Inputs
Creators: name: Thind, Barinder
name: Multani, Kevin
name: Cao, Jiguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a methodology for integrating functional data into deep densely connected feed-forward neural networks. The model is defined for scalar responses with multiple functional and scalar covariates. A by-product of the method is a set of dynamic functional weights that can be visualized during the optimization process. This visualization leads to greater interpretability of the relationship between the covariates and the response relative to conventional neural networks. The model is shown to perform well in a number of contexts including prediction of new data and recovery of the true underlying functional weights; these results were confirmed through real applications and simulation studies. A forthcoming R package is developed on top of a popular deep learning library (Keras) allowing for general use of the approach.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures, accepted & published by JCGS; please note that the version here is outdated -- look for the updated version using the DOI
From 4d Yang-Mills to 2d $\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}$ model: IR problem and confinement at weak coupling
Creators: name: Yamazaki, Masahito
name: Yonekura, Kazuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study four-dimensional $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ Yang-Mills theory on $\mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{T}^3=\mathbb{R} \times S^1_A \times S^1_B \times S^1_C$, with a twisted boundary condition by a $\mathbb{Z}_N$ center symmetry imposed on $S^1_B \times S^1_C$. This setup has no IR zero modes and hence is free from IR divergences which could spoil trans-series expansion for physical observables. Moreover, we show that the center symmetry is preserved at weak coupling regime. This is shown by first reducing the theory on $\mathbb{T}^2=S_A \times S_B$, to connect the model to the two-dimensional $\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}$-model. Then, we prove that the twisted boundary condition by the center symmetry for the Yang-Mills is reduced to the twisted boundary condition by the $\mathbb{Z}_N$ global symmetry of $\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}$. There are $N$ classical vacua, and fractional instantons connecting those $N$ vacua dynamically restore the center symmetry. We also point out the presence of singularities on the Borel plane which depend on the shape of the compactification manifold, and comment on its implications.
description: 37 pages, 5 figures; v2:references added
Time-activity budget of urban-adapted free-ranging dogs
Creators: name: Banerjee, Arunita
name: Bhadra, Anindita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The domestic dog is known to have evolved from gray wolves, about 15,000 years ago. They majorly exist as free-ranging populations across the world. They are typically scavengers and well adapted to living among humans. Most canids living in and around urban habitats tend to avoid humans and show crepuscular activity peaks. In this study, we carried out a detailed population-level survey on free-ranging dogs in West Bengal, India, to understand the activity patterns of free-ranging dogs in relation to human activity. Using 5669 sightings of dogs, over a period of 1 year, covering the 24 hours of the day, we carried out an analysis of the time-activity budget of free-ranging dogs to conclude that they are generalists in their habit. They remain active when humans are active. Their activity levels are affected significantly by age class and time of the day. Multivariate analysis revealed the presence of certain behavioural clusters on the basis of time of the day and energy expenditure in the behaviours. In addition, we provide a detailed ethogram of free-ranging dogs. This, to our knowledge, is the first study of this kind, which might be used to further study the eco-ethology of these dogs.
description: 5 figures
Electrostatics and domains in ferroelectric superlattices
Creators: name: Bennett, Daniel
name: Muñoz-Basagoiti, Maitane
name: Artacho, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrostatics arising in ferroelectric/dielectric two-dimensional heterostructures and superlatitices is revisited here within a simplest Kittel model, in order to define a clear paradigmatic reference for domain formation. The screening of the depolarizing field in isolated ferroelectric or polar thin films via the formation of 180$^{\circ}$ domains is well understood, whereby the width of the domains $w$ grows as the square-root of the film thickness $d$, following Kittel's law, for thick enough films ($w\ll d$). This behavior is qualitatively unaltered when the film is deposited on a dielectric substrate, sandwiched between dielectrics, and even in a superlattice setting, with just a suitable renormalisation of Kittel's length. As $d$ decreases, $w(d)$ deviates from Kittel's law, reaching a minimum and then diverging onto the mono-domain limit for thin enough films, always assuming a given spontaneous polarization $P$ of the ferrolectric, only modified by linear response to the depolarizing field. In most cases of experimental relevance $P$ would vanish before reaching that thin-film regime. This is not the case for superlattices. Unlike single films, for which the increase of the dielectric constant of the surrounding medium pushes the deviation from the Kittel's regime to lower values of $d$, there is a critical value of the relative thickness of ferroelectric/dielectric films in superlattices beyond which that behavior is reversed, and which defines the separation between strong and weak ferroelectric coupling in superlattices.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Distributed Training of Graph Convolutional Networks
Creators: name: Scardapane, Simone
name: Spinelli, Indro
name: Di Lorenzo, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The aim of this work is to develop a fully-distributed algorithmic framework for training graph convolutional networks (GCNs). The proposed method is able to exploit the meaningful relational structure of the input data, which are collected by a set of agents that communicate over a sparse network topology. After formulating the centralized GCN training problem, we first show how to make inference in a distributed scenario where the underlying data graph is split among different agents. Then, we propose a distributed gradient descent procedure to solve the GCN training problem. The resulting model distributes computation along three lines: during inference, during back-propagation, and during optimization. Convergence to stationary solutions of the GCN training problem is also established under mild conditions. Finally, we propose an optimization criterion to design the communication topology between agents in order to match with the graph describing data relationships. A wide set of numerical results validate our proposal. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work combining graph convolutional neural networks with distributed optimization.
description: Published on IEEE Transactions on Signal and Information Processing over Networks
Minimal models of rational elliptic curves with non-trivial torsion
Creators: name: Barrios, Alexander J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05, 11G07

description: In this paper, we explicitly classify the minimal discriminants of all elliptic curves $E/\mathbb{Q}$ with a non-trivial torsion subgroup. This is done by considering various parameterized families of elliptic curves with the property that they parameterize all elliptic curves $E/\mathbb{Q}$ with a non-trivial torsion point. We follow this by giving admissible change of variables, which give a global minimal model for $E$. We also provide necessary and sufficient conditions on the parameters of these families to determine the primes at which $E$ has additive reduction. In addition, we use these parameterized families to give new proofs of results due to Frey and Flexor-Oesterlé pertaining to the primes at which an elliptic curve over a number field $K$ with a non-trivial $K$-torsion point can have additive reduction.
description: 34 pages; incorporates suggestions by referees; results in section 3 have been strengthened; final version to appear in Research in Number Theory
Characterizing solar-type stars from full-length Kepler data sets using the Asteroseismic Modeling Portal
Creators: name: Creevey, Orlagh
name: Metcalfe, Travis S.
name: Schultheis, Mathias
name: Salabert, David
name: Bazot, Michael
name: Thevenin, Frederic
name: Mathur, Savita
name: Xu, Haiying
name: Garcia, Rafael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kepler space telescope yielded unprecedented data for the study of solar-like oscillations in other stars. The large samples of multi-year observations posed an enormous data analysis challenge that has only recently been surmounted. Asteroseismic modeling has become more sophisticated over time, with better methods gradually developing alongside the extended observations and improved data analysis techniques. We apply the latest version of the Asteroseismic Modeling Portal (AMP) to the full-length Kepler data sets for 57 stars and the Sun, comprising planetary hosts, binaries, solar-analogs, and active stars. From an analysis of the derived stellar properties for the full sample, we identify a variation of the mixing-length parameter with atmospheric properties. We also derive a linear relation between the stellar age and a characteristic frequency separation ratio. In addition, we find that the empirical correction for surface effects suggested by Kjeldsen and coworkers is adequate for solar-type stars that are not much hotter (Teff < 6200 K) or significantly more evolved (logg > 4.2, > 80 muHz) than the Sun. Precise parallaxes from the Gaia mission and future observations from TESS and PLATO promise to improve the reliability of stellar properties derived from asteroseismology.
description: A&A accepted
Bi-objective facility location under uncertainty with an application in last-mile disaster relief
Creators: name: Nazemi, Najmesadat
name: Parragh, Sophie N.
name: Gutjahr, Walter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiple and usually conflicting objectives subject to data uncertainty are main features in many real-world problems. Consequently, in practice, decision-makers need to understand the trade-off between the objectives, considering different levels of uncertainty in order to choose a suitable solution. In this paper, we consider a two-stage bi-objective single source capacitated model as a base formulation for designing a last-mile network in disaster relief where one of the objectives is subject to demand uncertainty. We analyze scenario-based two-stage risk-neutral stochastic programming, adaptive (two-stage) robust optimization, and a two-stage risk-averse stochastic approach using conditional value-at-risk (CVaR). To cope with the bi-objective nature of the problem, we embed these concepts into two criterion space search frameworks, the $ε$-constraint method and the balanced box method, to determine the Pareto frontier. Additionally, a matheuristic technique is developed to obtain high-quality approximations of the Pareto frontier for large-size instances. In an extensive computational experiment, we evaluate and compare the performance of the applied approaches based on real-world data from a Thies drought case, Senegal.
"A imagem do visível e do invisível no Curso Jesuíta Conimbricense", por Maria da Conceição Camps
Creators: name: Camps, Maria da Conceição
name: Nikitenko, Yulia
Publisher: name: Instituto de Estudos Filosóficos
Year: 2023
Subjects: Visão
Invisibilidade
Imagem
Cursus Conimbricensis
Companhia de Jesus
Século XVI
Filosofia
Aristóteles
Filosofia Natural
Antropologia
Alma
De Anima
Ciência
Aristotelismos
Coimbra

description: Sessão liderada por Maria da Conceição Camps no âmbito do Seminário de Estudos Avançados do Instituto de Estudos Filosóficos da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra.

A sessão foi presidida por Yulia Nikitenko. A agenda e a memória das atividades do Instituto de Estudos Filosóficos de Coimbra podem ser consultadas aqui: https://www.uc.pt/fluc/ief/act

O Instituto de Estudos Filosóficos é financiado por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., no âmbito do projeto UID/FIL/00010/2020.
Goldstino superfields in N=2 supergravity
Creators: name: Kuzenko, Sergei M.
name: McArthur, Ian N.
name: Tartaglino-Mazzucchelli, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present off-shell N=2 supergravity actions, which exhibit spontaneously broken local supersymmetry and allow for de Sitter vacua for certain values of the parameters. They are obtained by coupling the standard N=2 supergravity-matter systems to the Goldstino superfields introduced in arXiv:1105.3001 and arXiv:1607.01277 in the rigid supersymmetric case. These N=2 Goldstino superfields include nilpotent chiral and linear supermultiplets. We also describe a new reducible N=1 Goldstino supermultiplet.
description: 40 pages; V2: minor corrections, references added, published version
Impact of correlated magnetic noise on the detection of stochastic gravitational waves: Estimation based on a simple analytical model
Creators: name: Himemoto, Yoshiaki
name: Taruya, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After the first direct detection of gravitational waves (GW), detection of stochastic background of GWs is an important next step, and the first GW event suggests that it is within the reach of the second-generation ground-based GW detectors. Such a GW signal is typically tiny, and can be detected by cross-correlating the data from two spatially separated detectors if the detector noise is uncorrelated. It has been advocated, however, that the global magnetic fields in the Earth-ionosphere cavity produce the environmental disturbances at low-frequency bands, known as Schumann resonances, which potentially couple with GW detectors. In this paper, we present a simple analytical model to estimate its impact on the detection of stochastic GWs. The model crucially depends on the geometry of the detector pair through the directional coupling, and we investigate the basic properties of the correlated magnetic noise based on the analytic expressions. The model reproduces the major trend of the recently measured global correlation between the GW detectors via magnetometer. The estimated values of the impact of correlated noise also match those obtained from the measurement. Finally, we give an implication to the detection of stochastic GWs including upcoming detectors, KAGRA and LIGO India. The model suggests that LIGO Hanford-Virgo and Virgo-KAGRA pairs are possibly less sensitive to the correlated noise, and can achieve a better sensitivity to the stochastic GW signal in the most pessimistic case.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, one reference added, presentation and Fig.7 improved, final version to be published in PRD
Growth and superconducting properties of Cd-doped La(O,F)BiS2 single crystals
Creators: name: Nagao, Masanori
name: Tanaka, Masashi
name: Watauchi, Satoshi
name: Takano, Yoshihiko
name: Tanaka, Isao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cd-doped La(O,F)BiS2 single crystals were grown using a CsCl/KCl flux. The grown crystals have a plate-like shape with ~1-2 mm square size in a well-developed ab-plane. The Cd doping in the crystals was successfully characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis techniques. The superconductivity of La(O,F)BiS2 was gradually suppressed with Cd doping. The superconducting transition temperature with zero resistivity of La(O0.54F0.46)(Bi0.92Cd0.08)S2 was 2.3 K. The Cd doping does not change the superconducting anisotropy so much, albeit the considerable suppression of Tc.
description: In Press, Solid State Communications 2017
Whitney Approximation for Smooth CW Complex
Creators: name: Iwase, Norio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 57R12, Secondary 57R55, 57R35, 55P99

description: We show a Whitney Approximation Theorem for a continuous map from a manifold to a smooth CW complex. This enables us to show that a topological CW complex is homotopy equivalent to a smooth CW complex in a category of topological spaces. It is also shown that, for any open covering of a smooth CW complex, there exists a partition of unity subordinate to the open covering.
description: 10 pages
The Potential of the Semiconductor Industry in Russia in the Context of Great Power Competition
Creators: name: Juraev, Shakhboz
Publisher: name: PIR Press
Year: 2023
Subjects: semiconductor industry
Russia

description: The geopolitical realities are influenced and changed by technological and technical advancement. As we stand on the brink of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the emergence of new opportunities and challenges is inevitable. However, nearly all modern innovations are based on semiconductors. This research analyses the potential of the Russian semiconductor industry to assess the technological and technical capacity of an actor in international relations. Methods of SWOT analysis and questionnaires among experts are used to get clearer estimations about the industrial environment of semiconductors in Russia.
Relations Between the Sizes of Galaxies and their Dark Matter Halos at Redshifts $0 < z < 3$
Creators: name: Huang, Kuang-Han
name: Fall, S. Michael
name: Ferguson, Henry C.
name: van der Wel, Arjen
name: Grogin, Norman
name: Koekemoer, Anton
name: Lee, Seong-Kook
name: Pérez-Gonzalez, Pablo G.
name: Wuyts, Stijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive relations between the effective radii $R_{\rm{eff}}$ of galaxies and the virial radii $R_{200c}$ of their dark matter halos over the redshift range $0 < z < 3$. For galaxies, we use the measured sizes from deep images taken with \emph{Hubble Space Telescope} for the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey; for halos, we use the inferred sizes from abundance matching to cosmological dark matter simulations via a stellar mass--halo mass (SMHM) relation. For this purpose, we derive a new SMHM relation based on the same selection criteria and other assumptions as for our sample of galaxies with size measurements. As a check on the robustness of our results, we also derive $R_{\rm{eff}}$--$R_{200c}$ relations for three independent SMHM relations from the literature. We find that galaxy $R_{\rm{eff}}$ is proportional on average to halo $R_{200c}$, confirming and extending to high redshifts the $z=0$ results of Kravtsov. Late-type galaxies (with low Sérsic index and high specific star formation rate [sSFR]) follow a linear $R_{\rm{eff}}$--$R_{200c}$ relation, with effective radii at $0.5 < z < 3$ close to those predicted by simple models of disk formation; at $z < 0.5$, the sizes of late-type galaxies appear to be slightly below this prediction. Early-type galaxies (with high Sérsic index and low sSFR) follow a roughly parallel $R_{\rm{eff}}$--$R_{200c}$ relation, $\sim$ 0.2--0.3 dex below the one for late-type galaxies. Our observational results, reinforced by recent hydrodynamical simulations, indicate that galaxies grow quasi-homologously with their dark matter halos.
description: This version is the same as the published ApJ paper, including a few minor corrections made in proof
An Efficient Sliding Mesh Interface Method for High-Order Discontinuous Galerkin Schemes
Creators: name: Dürrwächter, Jakob
name: Kurz, Marius
name: Kopper, Patrick
name: Kempf, Daniel
name: Munz, Claus-Dieter
name: Beck, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sliding meshes are a powerful method to treat deformed domains in computational fluid dynamics, where different parts of the domain are in relative motion. In this paper, we present an efficient implementation of a sliding mesh method into a discontinuous Galerkin compressible Navier-Stokes solver and its application to a large eddy simulation of a 1-1/2 stage turbine. The method is based on the mortar method and is high-order accurate. It can handle three-dimensional sliding mesh interfaces with various interface shapes. For plane interfaces, which are the most common case, conservativity and free-stream preservation are ensured. We put an emphasis on efficient parallel implementation. Our implementation generates little computational and storage overhead. Inter-node communication via MPI in a dynamically changing mesh topology is reduced to a bare minimum by ensuring a priori information about communication partners and data sorting. We provide performance and scaling results showing the capability of the implementation strategy. Apart from analytical validation computations and convergence results, we present a wall-resolved implicit LES of the 1-1/2 stage Aachen turbine test case as a large scale practical application example.
Mechanical Properties of Transcription
Creators: name: Sevier, Stuart A.
name: Levine, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Recently the physical characterization of a number of biological processes has proven indispensable for a full understanding of natural phenomena. One such example is the mechanical properties of transcription, which have been shown to have significant effects in gene expression. In this letter we introduce a simple description of the basic physical elements of transcription where RNA elongation, RNA polymerase rotation and DNA supercoiling are coupled. The resulting framework describes the relative amount of RNA polymerase rotation and DNA supercoiling that occurs during RNA elongation. Asymptotic behavior is derived and can be used to experimentally extract unknown mechanical parameters of transcription. Incorporation of mechanical limits to RNA polymerase is accomplished yielding an equation of motion for DNA supercoiling and RNA elongation with transcriptional stalling. Important implications for gene expression, chromatin structure and genome organization are discussed.
Development of an intervention for patients following an anterior cruciate ligament rupture: an online nominal group technique consensus study
Creators: name: Carter, Hayley
name: Beard, David
name: Leighton, Paul
name: Moffatt, Fiona
name: Smith, Benjamin E.
name: Webster, Kate
name: Logan, Phillipa
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 3202
subject: Clinical sciences

description: Objectives: (1) To develop an intervention for to support patients diagnosed with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture with decision-making regarding treatment. (2) To define evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of patients following an ACL rupture. Design: Nominal group technique consensus study. Setting: Online meetings with patients and key stakeholders working and receiving treatment in the National Health Service, UK. Participants: Consensus meetings composed of eight voting participants and five non-voting facilitators. Voting participants included five clinicians, one outpatient therapy manager and two patients with experience in an ACL rupture and reconstructive surgery. Non-voting facilitators supported group discussions and/or observed study procedures. This included a clinical academic expert, two methodology experts and two patient representatives. Method: Two online meetings were held. Pre-elicitation material was distributed ahead of the first meeting. Premeeting voting was conducted ahead of both meetings. A draft of the shared decision-making intervention and recommendations were shared ahead of the second meeting. Components were discussed and ranked for inclusion based on a 70% agreement threshold. Results: The meetings led to the development of a shared decision-making intervention to support treatment decision-making following an ACL rupture. The intervention includes two components: (1) a patient information leaflet and key questions diagram and (2) option grid. The evidence-based recommendations encompass core components of treatment reaching the 70% threshold agreed by the group. The recommendations cover: (1) advice and education, (2) exercise guidance, (3) intervention delivery, (4) outcome measure use and (5) shared decision-making. Conclusion: This study has successfully developed a shared decision-making intervention to support ACL treatment decision-making, ready for testing in a future feasibility study. Evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of patients following ACL injury, ready for testing in a National Health Service (UK) setting, are also presented.
Information sur Louis Dubos, joueur de vielle de Préchac, et son instrument. Information sur l'appellation tchalemine, utilisée à Cazalis pour désigner la boha (cornemuse)
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
An unfitted Eulerian finite element method for the time-dependent Stokes problem on moving domains
Creators: name: von Wahl, Henry
name: Richter, Thomas
name: Lehrenfeld, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We analyse a Eulerian Finite Element method, combining a Eulerian time-stepping scheme applied to the time-dependent Stokes equations using the CutFEM approach with inf-sup stable Taylor-Hood elements for the spatial discretisation. This is based on the method introduced by Lehrenfeld \& Olshanskii [ESAIM: M2AN 53(2):585--614] in the context of a scalar convection-diffusion problems on moving domains, and extended to the non-stationary Stokes problem on moving domains by Burman, Frei \& Massing [arXiv:1910.03054 [math.NA]] using stabilised equal-order elements. The analysis includes the geometrical error made by integrating over approximated levelset domains in the discrete CutFEM setting. The method is implemented and the theoretical results are illustrated using numerical examples.
On some $p$-differential graded link homologies
Creators: name: Qi, You
name: Sussan, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27, 18G99

description: We show that the triply graded Khovanov-Rozansky homology of knots and links over a field of positive odd characteristic $p$ descends to an invariant in the homotopy category finite-dimensional $p$-complexes. A $p$-extended differential on the triply graded homology discovered by Cautis is compatible with the $p$-DG structure. As a consequence we get a categorification of the Jones polynomial evaluated at an odd prime root of unity
description: 53 pages. V2 contains corrections from referee reports. Comments welcome
Differentiation of the Wright functions with respect to parameters and other results
Creators: name: Apelblat, Alexander
name: Mainardi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33E12, 33F05

description: In this survey we discuss derivatives of the Wright functions (of the first and the second kind) with respect to parameters. Differentiation of these functions leads to infinite power series with coefficient being quotients of the digamma (psi) and gamma functions. Only in few cases it is possible to obtain the sums of these series in a closed form. Functional form of the power series resembles those derived for the Mittag-Leffler functions. If the Wright functions are treated as the generalized Bessel functions, differentiation operations can be expressed in terms of the Bessel functions and their derivatives with respect to the order. It is demonstrated that in many cases it is possible to derive the explicit form of the Mittag-Leffler functions by performing simple operations with the Laplace transforms of the Wright functions. The Laplace transform pairs of the both kinds of the Wright functions are discussed for particular values of the parameters. Some transform pairs serve to obtain functional limits by applying the shifted Dirac delta function.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
Flexoelectric radial polarization of single-walled nanotubes from first-principles
Creators: name: Bennett, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flexoelectricity is the polar response of an insulator to strain gradients such as bending. While the size dependence of this effect makes it weak in bulk systems in comparison to piezoelectricity, it suggests that it plays a bigger role in nanoscale systems such as thin films and nanotubes (NTs). In this paper we demonstrate using first-principles calculations that the walls of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and transition metal dichalcogenide nanotubes (TMD NTs) are polarized in the radial direction, the strength of the polarization increasing as the size of the NT decreases. For CNTs and TMD NTs with chiral indices $(n,m)$, the radial polarization of the walls $P_R$ starts to diverge below $ C(n,m)/a = \sqrt{n^2 +nm + m^2} \sim 10$, where $C(n,m)$ is the circumference of the NT and $a$ is the lattice constant of the 2D monolayer. For CNTs, $P_R$ drops to zero above this value but for TMD NTs there is a non-zero polarization above this value, which is an ionic rather than electronic effect. The size dependence of $P_R$ in the TMD NTs is interesting: it increases gradually and reaches a maximum of $P_R \sim 100 \ \text{C/cm}^2$ at $C(n,m)/a \sim 15$, then decreases until $C(n,m)/a \sim 10$ where it starts to diverge. Measurements of the radial strain on the chalcogen atoms with respect to the 2D monolayers shows that this polarization is the result of a significantly larger strain on the outer bonds than the inner bonds, but did not offer an explanation for the peculiar size dependence. These results suggest that while the walls of smaller CNTs and TMD NTs are polarized, the walls of larger TMD NTs are also polarized due to a difference in strain on the inner and outer atoms in the walls. This result may prove useful for the application of NTs for screening in liquid or biological systems.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Analysis of lipophilic fingerprints of edible wild rhubarb (Rheum ribes L.) using GC-MS combined with chemometrics
Creators: name: Geçibesler, İbrahim Halil
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Rhubarb (Rheum ribes L.) is used globally as both a food supplement and a vegetable. The lipophilic fingerprints of wild rhubarb of Turkiye origin were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with chemometrics, including hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). GC-MS results identified a total of 72 lipophi6lic compounds, including fatty acids, fatty acid esters, simple hydrocarbons and other organics, in all parts of the plant. PCA and HCA analyses revealed intraspecific lipophilic component variation among six wild rhubarb populations, as well as significant variation among lipophilic fingerprints in leaves, fruits, flowers, and roots. Among the compounds, palmitic acid, α-linolenic acid, ethyl palmitate, ethyl oleate, linoleic acid ethyl ester and n-tetracosane were important for the overall lipophilic fingerprints of all parts of the rhubarb. These findings highlight the potential of using HCA and PCA analysis in combination with GC-MS fingerprints as an effective analytical approach.
Spin pumping into superconductors: A new probe of spin dynamics in a superconducting thin film
Creators: name: Inoue, Masashi
name: Ichioka, Masanori
name: Adachi, Hiroto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin pumping refers to the microwave-driven spin current injection from a ferromagnet into the adjacent target material. We theoretically investigate the spin pumping into superconductors by fully taking account of impurity spin-orbit scattering that is indispensable to describe diffusive spin transport with finite spin diffusion length. We calculate temperature dependence of the spin pumping signal and show that a pronounced coherence peak appears immediately below the superconducting transition temperature Tc, which survives even in the presence of the spin-orbit scattering. The phenomenon provides us with a new way of studying the dynamic spin susceptibility in a superconducting thin film. This is contrasted with the nuclear magnetic resonance technique used to study a bulk superconductor.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Projective Bundle Theorem in MW-Motivic Cohomology
Creators: name: Yang, Nanjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a version of projective bundle theorem in MW-motives (resp. Chow-Witt rings), which says that $\widetilde{CH}^*(\mathbb{P}(E))$ is determined by $\widetilde{CH}^*(X)$, $\widetilde{CH}^*(X,det(E)^{\vee})$, $CH^*(X)$ and $Sq^2$ for smooth quasi-projective schemes $X$ and vector bundles $E$ over $X$ with $e(E^{\vee})=0\in H^n(X,W(det(E)))$, provided that $_2CH^*(X)=0$. As an application, we compute the MW-motives of blow-ups with smooth centers. Moreover, we discuss the invariance of Chow-Witt cycles of projective bundles under automorphisms of vector bundles.
description: Final version, 39 pages, to appear in Documenta Mathematica
Patient and Staff Insights on Digital Care Pathways for Patients With Low Back Pain in the Emergency Department: A Qualitative Study
Creators: name: Bell, Emily
name: Heng, Hazel
name: Alousis, N
name: King, Matthew
name: Hahne, Andrew
name: Collins, T
name: See, K
name: Webster, T
name: O'Dowd, E
name: Jackson, P
name: Semciw, Adam
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 4205
subject: Nursing

description: Background: Back pain is a huge global problem. For some people, the pain is so severe that they feel the need to present to an emergency department (ED). Our aim was to explore patient and staff perspectives for the development of a digital care pathway (DCP) for people with back pain who have presented to ED, including acceptability, barriers and facilitators. Methods: We used a descriptive phenomenology approach using semi-structured interviews with patient and staff participants at a tertiary hospital. Interviews were transcribed and data codes were developed using inductive thematic analysis. Themes were discussed between researchers until consensus was achieved. Results: A total of 16 interviews were carried out, half of which involved patient participants. We identified three major themes: (i) expectations and experiences of staff and patients with low back pain in ED; (ii) a digital care pathway can empower patients and support clinicians in providing care; and (iii) acceptability, barriers, facilitators and recommendations of engaging with a DCP to track the trajectory of back pain. Each theme was further categorised into subthemes. Conclusion: Introducing a DCP was perceived as acceptable and beneficial by patients and staff. Both groups were aware of the potential participant burden if surveys were too long. Introducing a DCP could be a valuable adjunct to current management care models, providing a standardised source of education with the potential for individualised tracking and monitoring. The design and development of a DCP will need to consider reported facilitators and address perceived barriers for engagement. Patient or Public Contribution: This project sought insights from patients and staff about a digital care pathway. This forms the first step of patient and consumer consultation before implementing a digital care pathway. All consumers were offered the opportunity to review their responses and our interpretation.
A Perspective on Machine Learning Methods in Turbulence Modelling
Creators: name: Beck, Andrea
name: Kurz, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work presents a review of the current state of research in data-driven turbulence closure modeling. It offers a perspective on the challenges and open issues, but also on the advantages and promises of machine learning methods applied to parameter estimation, model identification, closure term reconstruction and beyond, mostly from the perspective of Large Eddy Simulation and related techniques. We stress that consistency of the training data, the model, the underlying physics and the discretization is a key issue that needs to be considered for a successful ML-augmented modeling strategy. In order to make the discussion useful for non-experts in either field, we introduce both the modeling problem in turbulence as well as the prominent ML paradigms and methods in a concise and self-consistent manner. Following, we present a survey of the current data-driven model concepts and methods, highlight important developments and put them into the context of the discussed challenges.
description: 37 pages, 12 figures
Pseudomomentum: origins and consequences
Creators: name: Singh, H.
name: Hanna, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The balance of pseudomomentum is discussed and applied to simple elasticity, ideal fluids, and the mechanics of inextensible rods and sheets. A general framework is presented in which the simultaneous variation of an action with respect to position, time, and material labels yields bulk balance laws and jump conditions for momentum, energy, and pseudomomentum. The example of simple elasticity of space-filling solids is treated at length. The pseudomomentum balance in ideal fluids is shown to imply conservation of vorticity, circulation, and helicity, and a mathematical similarity is noted between the evaluation of circulation along a material loop and the J-integral of fracture mechanics. Integration of the pseudomomentum balance, making use of a prescription for singular sources derived by analogy with the continuous form of the balance, directly provides the propulsive force driving passive reconfiguration or locomotion of confined, inhomogeneous elastic rods. The conserved angular momentum and pseudomomentum are identified in the classification of conical sheets with rotational inertia or bending energy.
description: incorporates correction (DOIs are 10.1007/s00033-021-01507-9 and 10.1007/s00033-022-01819-4)
Accurate mass and velocity functions of dark matter halos
Creators: name: Comparat, Johan
name: Prada, Francisco
name: Yepes, Gustavo
name: Klypin, Anatoly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $N$-body cosmological simulations are an essential tool to understand the observed distribution of galaxies. We use the MultiDark simulation suite, run with the Planck cosmological parameters, to revisit the mass and velocity functions. At redshift $z=0$, the simulations cover four orders of magnitude in halo mass from $\sim10^{11}M_\odot$ with 8,783,874 distinct halos and 532,533 subhalos. The total volume used is $\sim$515 Gpc$^3$, more than 8 times larger than in previous studies. We measure and model the halo mass function, its covariance matrix w.r.t halo mass and the large scale halo bias. With the formalism of the excursion-set mass function, we explicit the tight interconnection between the covariance matrix, bias and halo mass function. We obtain a very accurate ($<2\%$ level) model of the distinct halo mass function. We also model the subhalo mass function and its relation to the distinct halo mass function. The set of models obtained provides a complete and precise framework for the description of halos in the concordance Planck cosmology. Finally, we provide precise analytical fits of the $V_{max}$ maximum velocity function up to redshift $z<2.3$ to push for the development of halo occupation distribution using $V_{max}$. The data and the analysis code are made publicly available in the \textit{Skies and Universes} database.
description: Corresponding data is available at the Skies and Universes data base: http://projects.ift.uam-csic.es/skies-universes
AnyMOD.jl: A Julia package for creating energy system models
Creators: name: Göke, Leonard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: AnyMOD.jl is a Julia framework for creating large-scale energy system models with multiple periods of capacity expansion. It applies a novel graphbased approach that was developed to address the challenges in modeling high levels of intermittent generation and sectoral integration. Created models are formulated as linear optimization problems using JuMP.jl as a backend. To enable modelers to work more efficiently, the framework provides additional features that help to visualize results, streamline the read-in of input data, and rescale optimization problems to increase solver performance.
Multidimensional relativistic MHD simulations of Pulsar Wind Nebulae: dynamics and emission
Creators: name: Del Zanna, Luca
name: Olmi, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar Wind Nebulae, and the Crab nebula in particular, are the best cosmic laboratories to investigate the dynamics of magnetized relativistic outflows and particle acceleration up to PeV energies. Multidimensional MHD modeling by means of numerical simulations has been very successful at reproducing, to the very finest details, the innermost structure of these synchrotron emitting nebulae, as observed in the X-rays. Therefore, the comparison between the simulated source and observations can be used as a powerful diagnostic tool to probe the physical conditions in pulsar winds, like their composition, magnetization, and degree of anisotropy. However, in spite of the wealth of observations and of the accuracy of current MHD models, the precise mechanisms for magnetic field dissipation and for the acceleration of the non-thermal emitting particles are mysteries still puzzling theorists to date. Here we review the methodologies of the computational approach to the modeling of Pulsar Wind Nebulae, discussing the most relevant results and the recent progresses achieved in this fascinating field of high-energy astrophysics.
description: 29 pages review, preliminary version. To appear in the book "Modelling Nebulae" edited by D. Torres for Springer, based on the invited contributions to the workshop held in Sant Cugat (Barcelona), June 14-17, 2016
Holonomy theorem for finite semigroups
Creators: name: Rhodes, John
name: Schilling, Anne
name: Silva, Pedro V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M30 (Primary) 20M05, 20M17 (Secondary)

description: We provide a simple proof of the Holonomy Theorem using a new Lyndon-Chiswell length function on the Karnofsky-Rhodes expansion of a semigroup. Unexpectedly, we have both a left and a right action on the Chiswell tree by elliptic maps.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures