cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Herschel observations of water vapour in Markarian 231
Creators: name: González-Alfonso, E.
name: Fischer, J.
name: Isaak, K.
name: Rykala, A.
name: Savini, G.
name: Spaans, M.
name: van der Werf, P.
name: Meijerink, R.
name: Israel, F. P.
name: Loenen, A. F.
name: Vlahakis, C.
name: Smith, H. A.
name: Charmandaris, V.
name: Aalto, S.
name: Henkel, C.
name: Weiß, A.
name: Walter, F.
name: Greve, T. R.
name: Martín-Pintado, J.
name: Naylor, D. A.
name: Spinoglio, L.
name: Veilleux, S.
name: Harris, A. I.
name: Armus, L.
name: Lord, S.
name: Mazzarella, J.
name: Xilouris, E. M.
name: Sanders, D. B.
name: Dasyra, K. M.
name: Wiedner, M. C.
name: Kramer, C.
name: Papadopoulos, P. P.
name: Stacey, G. J.
name: Evans, A. S.
name: Gao, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ultra Luminous InfraRed Galaxy Mrk 231 reveals up to seven rotational lines of water (H2O) in emission, including a very high-lying (E_{upper}=640 K) line detected at a 4sigma level, within the Herschel/SPIRE wavelength range, whereas PACS observations show one H2O line at 78 microns in absorption, as found for other H2O lines previously detected by ISO. The absorption/emission dichotomy is caused by the pumping of the rotational levels by far-infrared radiation emitted by dust, and subsequent relaxation through lines at longer wavelengths, which allows us to estimate both the column density of H2O and the general characteristics of the underlying far-infrared continuum source. Radiative transfer models including excitation through both absorption of far-infrared radiation emitted by dust and collisions are used to calculate the equilibrium level populations of H2O and the corresponding line fluxes. The highest-lying H2O lines detected in emission, with levels at 300-640 K above the ground state, indicate that the source of far-infrared radiation responsible for the pumping is compact (radius=110-180 pc) and warm (T_{dust}=85-95 K), accounting for at least 45% of the bolometric luminosity. The high column density, N(H2O)~5x10^{17} cm^{-2}, found in this nuclear component, is most probably the consequence of shocks/cosmic rays, an XDR chemistry, and/or an "undepleted chemistry" where grain mantles are evaporated. A more extended region, presumably the inner region of the 1-kpc disk observed in other molecular species, could contribute to the flux observed in low-lying H2O lines through dense hot cores, and/or shocks. The H2O 78 micron line observed with PACS shows hints of a blue-shifted wing seen in absorption, possibly indicating the occurrence of H2O in the prominent outflow detected in OH (Fischer et al., this volume).
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Accounting for choice of measurement scale in extreme value modeling
Creators: name: Wadsworth, J. L.
name: Tawn, J. A.
name: Jonathan, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the effect that the choice of measurement scale has upon inference and extrapolation in extreme value analysis. Separate analyses of variables from a single process on scales which are linked by a nonlinear transformation may lead to discrepant conclusions concerning the tail behavior of the process. We propose the use of a Box--Cox power transformation incorporated as part of the inference procedure to account parametrically for the uncertainty surrounding the scale of extrapolation. This has the additional feature of increasing the rate of convergence of the distribution tails to an extreme value form in certain cases and thus reducing bias in the model estimation. Inference without reparameterization is practicably infeasible, so we explore a reparameterization which exploits the asymptotic theory of normalizing constants required for nondegenerate limit distributions. Inference is carried out in a Bayesian setting, an advantage of this being the availability of posterior predictive return levels. The methodology is illustrated on both simulated data and significant wave height data from the North Sea.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOAS333 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Quantum Liang Information Flow Probe of Causality across Critical Points
Creators: name: Ghosh, Roopayan
name: Yi, Bin
name: Bose, Sougato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigating causation in the quantum domain is crucial. Despite numerous studies of correlations in quantum many-body systems, causation, which is very distinct from correlations, has hardly been studied. We address this by demonstrating the efficacy of the newly established causation measure, quantum Liang information flow, in quantifying causality across phase diagrams of quantum many-body systems. We focus on quantum criticality, which are highly nonclassical points. We extract causation behavior across a spectrum-wide critical point and a ground state second-order phase transition in both integrable and nonintegrable systems. Across criticality, each case exhibits distinct hallmarks, different from correlation measures. We also deduce that quantum causation qualitatively follows the quasiparticle picture of information propagation in integrable systems but exhibits enhanced quantum nonlocality near criticality. At times significantly larger than the spatial separation, it extracts additional features from the equilibrium wave function, leading to a peak just before the critical point for near boundary sites.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
The ATLAS Forward Physics Program
Creators: name: Royon, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the ATLAS Forward Physics Program at low luminosity using the rapidity gap method and a dedicated detector called ALFA to tag the protons. We also describe the physics topics of the ATLAS Forward Physics Project at high instantaneous luminosity.
description: Proceedings of the DIS 2010 workshop, Florence, Italy
A semi-classical approach to electron spin resonance in quantum spin systems
Creators: name: Furuya, Shunsuke C.
name: Oshikawa, Masaki
name: Affleck, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a semi-classical approximation to electron spin resonance in quantum spin systems, based on the rotor or non-linear sigma model. The classical time evolution is studied using molec- ular dynamics while random initial conditions are sampled using classical Monte Carlo methods. Although the approximation may be especially powerful in two dimensions, we apply it here to one- dimensional systems of large spin at intermediate temperatures, in the presence of staggered and uniform magnetic fields. We first test the validity of the semi-classical approximation by comparing the magnetization to quantum Monte Carlo results on S = 2 chains. Then we calculate the ESR spectrum, finding broad coexisting paramagnetic and spin wave resonances.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Immature Platelet Counts and Thrombopoietin Plasma Concentrations in Thrombocytopenic and Non-thrombocytopenic Preterm Infants
Creators: name: Sallmon, Hannes
name: Weimann, Andreas
name: Bührer, Christoph
name: Metze, Boris
name: Dame, Christof
name: Cremer, Malte
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: megakaryopoiesis
subject: thrombocytopenia
subject: thrombopoiesis
subject: very low birth weight infant
subject: transfusion
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objective: Immature platelet counts (IPC) may prove useful in guiding platelet transfusion management in preterm neonates. However, the relationship between IPCs and thrombopoietin (Tpo) concentrations has not been evaluated in preterm neonates. Methods: Prospective cohort study in thrombocytopenic (n = 31) and non-thrombocytopenic very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (n = 38), and healthy term neonates (controls; n = 41). Absolute platelet counts (APCs), IPCs, and Tpo concentrations were assessed by a fully-automated hematological analyzer (IPC, APC) and by ELISA (Tpo concentrations) in parallel on day 1 of life (d1), d3, and d7. Results: In healthy term neonates, APCs remained stable between d1 and d3. In non-thrombocytopenic VLBW infants, APCs increased from d1 to d7, while in the thrombocytopenia group, APCs declined from d1 to d3, before they slightly increased again by d7. Median IPCs were similar in healthy term vs. non-thrombocytopenic VLBW infants and remained stable between d1 and d3 (p > 0.05). Notably, IPCs significantly increased between d3 and d7 in both non-thrombocytopenic and thrombocytopenic VLBW infants. However, in thrombocytopenic VLBW infants, IPC values were significantly lower at each time point as compared to non-thrombocytopenic VLBWs (p < 0.001). In each subgroup, Tpo concentrations increased from d1 to d3. The median Tpo concentrations were significantly higher in thrombocytopenic as compared to non-thrombocytopenic VLBW infants at d3 (p = 0.01) and d7 (p = 0.002). Discussion: Term infants, thrombocytopenic, and non-thrombocytopenic preterm infants display similar developmental changes in indices of megakaryopoietic activity. In thrombocytopenic preterm infants, however, the responsive increases in Tpo and immature platelets appear to be developmentally limited.
Bondi-Sachs metrics and Photon Rockets
Creators: name: Ge, Huabin
name: Luo, Mingxing
name: Su, Qiping
name: Wang, Ding
name: Zhang, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the Bondi-Sachs rockets with nonzero cosmological constant. We observe that the acceleration of the systems arises naturally in the asymptotic symmetries of (anti-) de Sitter spacetimes. Assuming the validity of the concepts of energy and mass previously introduced in asymptotically flat spacetimes, we find that the emission of pure radiation energy balances the loss of the Bondi mass in certain special families of the Bondi-Sachs rockets, so in these there is no gravitational radiation.
description: 12 pages, to appear in General Relativity and Gravitation
Anti-Pathogenic and Immune-Modulatory Effects of Peroral Treatment with Cardamom Essential Oil in Acute Murine Campylobacteriosis
Creators: name: Heimesaat, Markus M.
name: Mousavi, Soraya
name: Weschka, Dennis
name: Bereswill, Stefan
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: cardamom essential oil
subject: enteropathogenic infection
subject: Campylobacter jejuni
subject: immune-modulatory effects
subject: antipathogenic effects
subject: microbiota-depleted IL-10(-/-) mice
subject: campylobacteriosis model
subject: host-pathogen interaction
subject: preclinical intervention study
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Human infections with enteropathogenic Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) including multi-drug resistant isolates are emerging worldwide. Antibiotics-independent approaches in the combat of campylobacteriosis are therefore highly desirable. Since the health-beneficial including anti-inflammatory and anti-infectious properties of cardamom have been acknowledged for long, we here addressed potential anti-pathogenic and immune-modulatory effects of this natural compound during acute campylobacteriosis. For this purpose, microbiota-depleted IL-10(-/-) mice were orally infected with C. jejuni strain 81-176 and subjected to cardamom essential oil (EO) via the drinking water starting on day 2 post-infection. Cardamom EO treatment resulted in lower intestinal pathogen loads and improved clinical outcome of mice as early as day 3 post-infection. Furthermore, when compared to mock controls, cardamom EO treated mice displayed less distinct macroscopic and microscopic inflammatory sequelae on day 6 post-infection that were paralleled by lower colonic numbers of macrophages, monocytes, and T cells and diminished pro-inflammatory mediator secretion not only in the intestinal tract, but also in extra-intestinal and, remarkably, systemic organs. In conclusion, our preclinical intervention study provides the first evidence that cardamom EO comprises a promising compound for the combat of acute campylobacteriosis and presumably prevention of post-infectious morbidities.
The Influence of Solar Flares on the Lower Solar Atmosphere: Evidence from the Na D Absorption Line Measured by GOLF/SOHO
Creators: name: Cessateur, G.
name: Kretzschmar, M.
name: de Wit, T. Dudok
name: Boumier, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar flares presumably have an impact on the deepest layers of the solar atmosphere and yet the observational evidence for such an impact is scarce. Using ten years of measurements of the Na D$_{1}$ and Na D$_2$ Fraunhofer lines, measured by GOLF onboard SOHO, we show that this photospheric line is indeed affected by flares. The effect of individual flares is hidden by solar oscillations, but a statistical analysis based on conditional averaging reveals a clear signature. Although GOLF can only probe one single wavelength at a time, we show that both wings of the Na line can nevertheless be compared. The varying line asymmetry can be interpreted as an upward plasma motion from the lower solar atmosphere during the peak of the flare, followed by a downward motion.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Feasibility of Transcatheter Caval Valve Implantation to Improve Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Patients With Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation—A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Wang, Youmeng
name: Fernandes Branco, Roberto
name: Fietzeck, Andrea
name: Penzel, Thomas
name: Schöbel, Christoph
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: sleep-disordered breathing
subject: tricuspid regurgitation
subject: right heart failure
subject: transcatheter caval valve implantation
subject: ApneaLink
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Transcatheter caval valve implantation (CAVI) has been evaluated as a treatment option for inoperable patients with severe symptomatic tricuspid regurgitation (TR). We studied the effect of CAVI on sleep disorder breathing (SDB) in patients with right heart failure and TR. Twenty right heart failure patients with severe symptomatic TR who underwent portable monitoring of SDB (ApneaLink), echocardiography, cardiopulmonary exercise (CPET), and laboratory testing were enrolled. This was a single-center, nonblinded study. There were no significant changes in sleep variables, echocardiographic parameters, laboratory results, lung function, and CPET after CAVI. In conclusion, these data suggest that CAVI may not have an effect on SDB; however, additional follow-up fully powered studies with appropriate statistical analyses are needed.
ЗАНЯТОСТЬ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ КАК ВЫРАЖЕНИЕ КОНЪЮНКТУРЫ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОГО РЫНКА ТРУДА
Creators: name: ЗВЕРЕВА Е.В.
Publisher: name: Экономика и бизнес: теория и практика
Year: 2020
Subjects: СПРОС
ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЕ
ФАКТОР ПРОИЗВОДСТВА
ТРУД
ЗАНЯТОСТЬ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ
РЫНОК ТРУДА
КОНЪЮНКТУРА РЫНКА ТРУДА
РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ЗАНЯТОСТИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ
DEMAND
SUPPLY
FACTOR OF PRODUCTION
LABOR
EMPLOYMENT
LABOR MARKET
LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS
REGULATION OF EMPLOYMENT OF THE POPULATION

description: Статья посвящена анализу подходов различных школ и направлений к проблемам занятости населения и рынка труда, отражена точка зрения отечественных и зарубежных ученых к понятию «труд», «занятость населения», «рынок труда». Автором уточнено понятие, что занятость населения представляет собой выражение конъюнктуры регионального рынка труда и предполагает исследование спроса, предложения труда, а также природно-географических, социально-экономических, правовых, демографических и др. факторов, влияющих на ее сбалансированность и позволяющих сделать вывод о приоритете в выборе методов при реализации региональной политики регулирования занятости населения.
State Anhedonia in Young Healthy Adults: Psychometric Properties of the German Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS) and Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Wellan, Sarah A.
name: Daniels, Anna
name: Walter, Henrik
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: anhedonia
subject: pleasure
subject: COVID-19
subject: depression
subject: mental health
subject: confirmatory factor analysis
subject: validity
subject: reliability
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Healthy reward processing is a complex interplay of several components. Recent self-report measures of anhedonia, the decrease or loss of hedonic capacity, take this complexity into account. The Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS) measures interest, motivation, effort and consummatory pleasure across four domains: hobbies, food/drink, social activities and sensory experiences. In the present cross-sectional survey study, we validated the German version of the DARS in a sample of 557 young healthy adults. Factor structure as well as convergent and divergent validity were assessed. As a secondary aim, we examined the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on state anhedonia and depression severity. Our results suggest good convergent and divergent validity and high internal consistency of the German DARS. The original differentiation of four factors mapping onto the four domains was confirmed and measurement invariance before and during the COVID-19 pandemic was established. We conclude that the DARS is a valid instrument to comprehensively assess state anhedonia in healthy German samples. Future studies should further assess the utility of the German DARS in clinical contexts. In line with many previous studies, participants during the pandemic reported significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms compared to participants in the months before. We found no indication that the COVID-19 pandemic affected state hedonic capacity.
The Role of Implicit and Explicit Staff Attitudes in the Use of Coercive Measures in Psychiatry
Creators: name: Vandamme, Angelika
name: Wullschleger, Alexandre
name: Garbe, Amelie
name: Cole, Celline
name: Heinz, Andreas
name: Bermpohl, Felix
name: Mielau, Juliane
name: Mahler, Lieselotte
name: Montag, Christiane
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: staff attitudes
subject: implicit attitudes
subject: coercion
subject: psychiatry
subject: GNAT
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Many determinants leading to the use of different coercive measures in psychiatry have been widely studied and it seems that staff attitudes play a crucial role when it comes to the decision-making process about using coercion. However, research results about staff attitudes and their role in the use of coercive measures are inconsistent. This might be due to a focus on self-report studies asking for explicit answers, which involves the risk of bias. This study aimed to expand research on this topic by examining the impact of explicit and implicit staff attitudes on the use of coercive measures in clinical practice. In addition, the influence of gender, profession (nurses, psychiatrists), and years of professional experience as well as their influence on staff attitudes were examined. An adaption of the implicit association measure, the Go/No-Go Association Task (GNAT), with the target category coercion and distracter stimuli describing work load, as well as the explicit questionnaire Staff Attitudes to Coercion Scale (SACS) was completed by staff (N = 149) on 13 acute psychiatric units in 6 hospitals. Data on coercive measures as well as the total number of treated cases for each unit was collected. Results showed that there was no association between staff's implicit and explicit attitudes toward coercion, and neither measure was correlated with the local frequency of coercive measures. ANOVAs showed a significant difference of the GNAT result for the factor gender (F = 9.32, p = 0.003), demonstrating a higher tendency to justify coercion among female staff members (M = -0.23, SD = +/- 0.35) compared to their male colleagues (M = -0.41, SD = +/- 0.31). For the SACS, a significant difference was found for the factor profession (F = 7.58, p = 0.007), with nurses (M = 2.79, SD = +/- 1.40) showing a more positive attitude to the use of coercion than psychiatrists (M = 2.15, SD = +/- 1.11). No significant associations were found regarding the extent of professional experience. Results indicate a complex interaction between implicit and explicit decision-making processes dependent on specific contexts. We propose future research to include primers for more context-related outcomes. Furthermore, differences in gender suggest a need to direct attention toward occupational safety and possible feelings of anxiety in the workplace, especially for female staff members.
ЦИФРОВАЯ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ АЭРОПОРТОВ. «УМНЫЙ АЭРОПОРТ»
Creators: name: ЗУБАРЕВА В.С.
Publisher: name: Экономика и бизнес: теория и практика
Year: 2020
Subjects: «УМНЫЙ АЭРОПОРТ»
«УМНЫЙ ГОРОД»
МОДЕЛЬ «УМНОГО АЭРОПОРТА» В КОНЦЕПЦИИ «УМНОГО ГОРОДА»
ЦИФРОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
РЕШЕНИЕ «ЕДИНОЙ КАРТЫ»
“SMART AIRPORT”
“SMART CITY”
“SMART AIRPORT” MODEL IN THE “SMART CITY” CONCEPT
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
“UNIFIED CARD” SOLUTION

description: В статье показана актуальность использования цифровых решений для эффективного управления аэропортовой деятельностью. Рассмотрена система «Умный аэропорт», разработана модель «умного» аэропорта в концепции «Умного города, выявлены основные текущие проблемы в экосистеме аэропорта. В качестве примера создания новой рабочей среды аэропорта представлено решение «Единой карты» компании «Huawei», которое обладает рядом преимуществ: глобальная точная визуализация, интеллектуальное безошибочное прогнозирование, эффективное взаимодействие служб.
On the abelianization of derived categories and a negative solution to Rosicky's problem
Creators: name: Bazzoni, Silvana
name: Stovicek, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16D90, 18G25 (Primary), 16G99, 18C35, 18E30, 20K25, 55U35 (Secondary)

description: We prove for a large family of rings R that their lambda-pure global dimension is greater than one for each infinite regular cardinal lambda. This answers in negative a problem posed by Rosicky. The derived categories of such rings then do not satisfy the Adams lambda-representability for morphisms for any lambda. Equivalently, they are examples of well generated triangulated categories whose lambda-abelianization in the sense of Neeman is not a full functor for any lambda. In particular we show that given a compactly generated triangulated category, one may not be able to find a Rosicky functor among the lambda-abelianization functors.
description: 24 pages
Mast Cells Modulate Antigen-Specific CD8+ T Cell Activation During LCMV Infection
Creators: name: Hackler, Yana
name: Siebenhaar, Frank
name: Löhning, Max
name: Maurer, Marcus
name: Muñoz, Melba
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mast cells
subject: CD8(+) T cells
subject: viral infection
subject: immunosuppression
subject: dendritic cells
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Mast cells (MCs), strategically localized at mucosal surfaces, provide first-line defense against pathogens and shape innate and adaptive immune responses. Recent studies have shown that MCs are involved in pathogenic responses to several viruses including herpes simplex viruses, dengue virus, vaccinia virus and influenza virus. However, the underlying mechanisms of MCs in the activation of CD8(+) T cells during viral infections are not fully understood. Therefore, we investigate the role of MCs in the development of virus-specific CD8(+) T cell responses using the well-characterized murine lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) model and the transgenic MasTRECK mice that contain the human diphtheria toxin receptor as an inducible MC-deficient model. Here, we report that MCs are essential for the activation and expansion of virus-specific CD8(+) T cells. After MC depletion and subsequent intradermal LCMV infection, the CD8 (+) T cell effector phenotype and antiviral cytokine production were impaired at the peak of infection (day 8 p.i.). Importantly, MC-deficient mice were unable to control the infection and exhibited significantly higher viral loads in the spleen and in the ear draining lymph nodes compared to that of wild type control mice. In the absence of MCs, dendritic cell (DC) activation was impaired upon LCMV infection. In addition, type-I interferon (IFN) levels in the serum and in the spleen of MC-deficient mice were reduced during the first days of infection. Interestingly, depletion of MCs after intradermal LCMV infection did not impair virus-specific CD8(+) T cell expansion, activation or antiviral cytokine production. In summary, our results indicate that MCs play a pivotal role in the activation and antiviral functions of CD8(+) T cells through proper DC activation. A better understanding of the impact of MCs on CD8(+) T cell responses is mandatory to improve antiviral immune responses.
IL-33 Drives Expansion of Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Regulatory T Cells and Protects Mice From Severe, Acute Colitis
Creators: name: Phuong, Nhi Ngo Thi
name: Palmieri, Vittoria
name: Adamczyk, Alexandra
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
name: Langhorst, Jost
name: Hansen, Wiebke
name: Westendorf, Astrid M.
name: Pastille, Eva
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: colitis
subject: intestinal inflammation
subject: IL-33
subject: ST2
subject: Tregs
subject: ILC2
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The hallmarks of inflammatory bowel disease are mucosal damage and ulceration, which are known to be high-risk conditions for the development of colorectal cancer. Recently, interleukin (IL)-33 and its receptor ST2 have emerged as critical modulators in inflammatory disorders. Even though several studies highlight the IL-33/ST2 pathway as a key factor in colitis, a detailed mode of action remains elusive. Therefore, we investigated the role of IL-33 during intestinal inflammation and its potential as a novel therapeutic target in colitis. Interestingly, the expression of IL-33, but not its receptor ST2, was significantly increased in biopsies from the inflamed colon of IBD patients compared to non-inflamed colonic tissue. Accordingly, in a mouse model of Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) induced colitis, the secretion of IL-33 significantly accelerated in the colon. Induction of DSS colitis in ST2-/- mice displayed an aggravated colon pathology, which suggested a favorable role of the IL 33/ST2 pathway during colitis. Indeed, injecting rmIL-33 into mice suffering from acute DSS colitis, strongly abrogated epithelial damage, pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, and loss of barrier integrity, while it induced a strong increase of Th2 associated cytokines (IL-13/IL-5) in the colon. This effect was accompanied by the accumulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in the colon. Depletion of Foxp3+ Tregs during IL-33 treatment in DSS colitis ameliorated the positive effect on the intestinal pathology. Finally, IL-33 expanded ILC2s, which were adoptively transferred to DSS treated mice, significantly reduced colonic inflammation compared to DSS control mice. In summary, our results emphasize that the IL-33/ST2 pathway plays a crucial protective role in colitis by modulating ILC2 and Treg numbers.
On Rényi and Tsallis entropies and divergences for exponential families
Creators: name: Nielsen, Frank
name: Nock, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many common probability distributions in statistics like the Gaussian, multinomial, Beta or Gamma distributions can be studied under the unified framework of exponential families. In this paper, we prove that both Rényi and Tsallis divergences of distributions belonging to the same exponential family admit a generic closed form expression. Furthermore, we show that Rényi and Tsallis entropies can also be calculated in closed-form for sub-families including the Gaussian or exponential distributions, among others.
description: 7 pages
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ОПРОСНОГО МЕТОДА В ЦЕЛЯХ ВЫЯВЛЕНИЯ НЕТАРИФНЫХ БАРЬЕРОВ В ЕВРАЗИЙСКОМ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОМ СОЮЗЕ
Creators: name: ИВАНОВА А.В.
Publisher: name: Экономика и бизнес: теория и практика
Year: 2020
Subjects: ЕАЭС
НЕТАРИФНОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ
НЕТАРИФНЫЕ БАРЬЕРЫ
ОПРОСНЫЙ МЕТОД
ЮНКТАД
EAEU
NON-TARIFF REGULATION
NON-TARIFF BARRIERS
SURVEY METHOD
UNCTAD

description: В статье рассмотрены особенности применения опросного метода в рамках процесса выявления нетарифных барьеров, существующих на едином рынке ЕАЭС. Приведена классификация нетарифных мер регулирования внешней торговли¸ разработанная ЮНКТАД. На базе данной классификация разработан и предложен перечень нетарифных барьеров в Евразийском экономическом союзе.
Soil Moisture and Soluble Salt Content Dominate Changes in Foliar δ13C and δ15N of Desert Communities in the Qaidam Basin, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Creators: name: Niu, Weiling
name: Chen, Hui
name: Wu, Jianshuang
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: carbon isotopic composition
subject: environmental gradients
subject: nitrogen isotopic composition
subject: nitrogen utilization strategy
subject: water use efficiency
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Changing precipitation and temperature are principal drivers for nutrient cycling dynamics in drylands. Foliar isotopic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) composition (δ13C and δ15N) are often used to describe the plant’s water use efficiency and nitrogen use strategy in plant ecology research. However, the drivers and mechanisms under differential foliar δ13C and δ15N among plant species and communities are largely unknown for arid high-elevation regions. This study collected 462 leaf samples of ten top-dominant plant species (two or three replicates per species) across 16 sites in 2005 and 2010 to measure the community-weighted means (CWMs) of foliar δ13C and δ15N, northeastern Qaidam Basin, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Our results showed that the CWM of foliar δ15N was higher in 2005 than in 2010 and was lower in the warm-dry season (July and August) than the cool-wet one (June and September) in 2010. Similarly, the CWM of foliar δ13C was higher in 2005 than in 2010, but no difference between warm-dry and cool-wet seasons in 2010. C4 plants have higher δ13C and generally grow faster than C3 species under warm-wet weathers. This might be why the CWM of foliar δ13C was high, while the CWM of foliar δ15N was low in the wet sampling year (2010). The general linear mixed models revealed that soil moisture was the most critical driver for the CWM of foliar δ15N, which explained 42.1% of the variance alone. However, the total soluble salt content was the crucial factor for the CWM of foliar δ13C, being responsible for 29.7% of the variance. Growing season temperature (GST) was the second most vital factor and explained 28.0% and 21.9% of the variance in the CWMs of foliar δ15N and δ13C. Meanwhile, remarkable differences in the CWMs of foliar δ15N and δ13C were also found at the species level. Specifically, Kalidium gracile and Salsola abrotanoides have higher foliar δ15N, while Ephedra sinica and Tamarix chinensis have lower foliar δ15N than other species. The foliar δ13C of Calligonum Kozlov and H. ammodendron was the highest among the ten species. Except for the foliar δ13C of E. sinica was higher than Ceratoide latens between the two sampling years or between the cool-wet and warm-dry seasons, no significant difference in foliar δ13C was found for other species. Overall, the CWMs of foliar δ15N and δ13C dynamics were affected by soil properties, wet-dry climate change, and species identity in high-elevation deserts on the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau.
Automated Assembly of Starch and Glycogen Polysaccharides
Creators: name: Zhu, Yuntao
name: Delbianco, Martina
name: Seeberger, Peter H.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Carbohydrates
subject: Protective groups
subject: Organic compounds
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Polysaccharides are Nature’s most abundant biomaterials essential for plant cell wall construction and energy storage. Seemingly minor structural differences result in entirely different functions: cellulose, a β (1–4) linked glucose polymer, forms fibrils that can support large trees, while amylose, an α (1–4) linked glucose polymer forms soft hollow fibers used for energy storage. A detailed understanding of polysaccharide structures requires pure materials that cannot be isolated from natural sources. Automated Glycan Assembly provides quick access to trans-linked glycans analogues of cellulose, but the stereoselective installation of multiple cis-glycosidic linkages present in amylose has not been possible to date. Here, we identify thioglycoside building blocks with different protecting group patterns that, in concert with temperature and solvent control, achieve excellent stereoselectivity during the synthesis of linear and branched α-glucan polymers with up to 20 cis-glycosidic linkages. The molecules prepared with the new method will serve as probes to understand the biosynthesis and the structure of α-glucans.
DIAproteomics: A Multifunctional Data Analysis Pipeline for Data-Independent Acquisition Proteomics and Peptidomics
Creators: name: Bichmann, Leon
name: Gupta, Shubham
name: Rosenberger, George
name: Kuchenbecker, Leon
name: Sachsenberg, Timo
name: Ewels, Phil
name: Alka, Oliver
name: Pfeuffer, Julianus
name: Kohlbacher, Oliver
name: Rost, Hannes
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: data-independent acquisition
subject: spectral library generation
subject: automation
subject: cloud computing
subject: data processing
subject: proteomics
subject: peptidomics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Data-independent acquisition (DIA) is becoming a leading analysis method in biomedical mass spectrometry. The main advantages include greater reproducibility and sensitivity and a greater dynamic range compared with data-dependent acquisition (DDA). However, the data analysis is complex and often requires expert knowledge when dealing with large-scale data sets. Here we present DIAproteomics, a multifunctional, automated, high-throughput pipeline implemented in the Nextflow workflow management system that allows one to easily process proteomics and peptidomics DIA data sets on diverse compute infrastructures. The central components are well-established tools such as the OpenSwathWorkflow for the DIA spectral library search and PyProphet for the false discovery rate assessment. In addition, it provides options to generate spectral libraries from existing DDA data and to carry out the retention time and chromatogram alignment. The output includes annotated tables and diagnostic visualizations from the statistical postprocessing and computation of fold-changes across pairwise conditions, predefined in an experimental design. DIAproteomics is well documented open-source software and is available under a permissive license to the scientific community at https://www.openms.de/diaproteomics/.
ОБЗОР ЗАРУБЕЖНЫХ ПРАКТИК ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО КОНТРОЛЯ НАД ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬЮ ОРГАНОВ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ВЛАСТИ
Creators: name: ИВАНЧЕНКО П.С.
Publisher: name: Экономика и бизнес: теория и практика
Year: 2020
Subjects: ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЙ КОНТРОЛЬ
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ
ГРАЖДАНСКИЙ НАДЗОР
РАЗВИТИЕ ДЕМОКРАТИИ
ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ОПЫТ
PUBLIC CONTROL
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
CIVIL SUPERVISION
DEVELOPMENT OF DEMOCRACY
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

description: В статье рассмотрены понятие, сущность и значение общественного контроля над деятельностью органов государственной власти. Выявлены ключевые принципы, на которых должна основываться система общественного контроля в демократическом государстве. Особое внимание уделено обзору успешных практик организации общественного контроля над деятельностью органов государственной власти в развитых странах Европы и в США.
Surgical Management of Failed Revascularization in Moyamoya Vasculopathy
Creators: name: Lucia, Kristin
name: Acker, Güliz
name: Schlinkmann, Nicolas
name: Georgiev, Stefan
name: Vajkoczy, Peter
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: moyamoya disease
subject: revascularization
subject: failed revascularization
subject: extra- intracranial bypass
subject: surgical management
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objectives: Moyamoya vasculopathy (MMV) is a rare stenoocclusive cerebrovascular disease associated with increased risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, which can be treated using surgical revascularization techniques. Despite well-established neurosurgical procedures performed in experienced centers, bypass failure associated with neurological symptoms can occur. The current study therefore aims at characterizing the cases of bypass failure and repeat revascularization at a single center. Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis of all patients treated with revascularization surgery for MMV between January 2007 and December 2019 was performed. Angiographic data, cerebral blood flow analysis [H2O PET or single-photon emission CT (SPECT)], MRI, and clinical/operative data including follow-up assessments were reviewed. Results: We identified 308 MMV patients with 405 surgically treated hemispheres. Of the 405 hemispheres treated, 15 patients (3.7%) underwent repeat revascularization (median age 38, time to repeat revascularization in 60% of patients was within 1 year of first surgery). The most common cause of repeat revascularization was a symptomatic bypass occlusion (80%). New ischemic lesions were found in 13% of patients prior to repeat revascularization. Persistence of reduced or progressive worsening of cerebrovascular reserve capacity (CVRC) compared with preoperative status was observed in 85% of repeat revascularization cases. Intermediate-flow bypass using a radial artery graft was most commonly used for repeat revascularization (60%) followed by re-superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery (re-STA-MCA) bypass (26%). High-flow bypass using a saphenous vein graft and using an occipital artery to MCA bypass was each used once. Following repeat revascularization, no new ischemic events were recorded. Conclusion: Overall, repeat revascularization is needed only in a small percentage of the cases in MMV. A rescue surgery should be considered in those with neurological symptoms and decreased CVRC. Intermediate-flow bypass using a radial artery graft is a reliable technique for patients requiring repeat revascularization. Based on our institutional experience, we propose an algorithm for guiding the decision process in cases of bypass failure.
“We don’t talk about this” : reticence, cultural identity, and queerness in Alice Wu’s Saving Face and Kim Fu’s For Today I Am A Boy
Creators: name: Xiang, Yifan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: This thesis outlines the ways in which reticent homophobia in diasporic Chinese families and communities contribute to the filial distress experienced by queer diasporic subjects. The analysis in this thesis can be located at the intersections of reticence, filial piety, and coercive mimeticism. This project was conceived with the intent to delineate reticence as defined by Ding Naifei and Liu Jen-peng in the context of queer Chinese diasporic identity. It argues that the power of reticence is not confined to its violence against expressions of queerness and non-heteronormative behaviour, but that it is an expression of power as social and linguistic aesthetic that paradoxically exerts itself as a form of powerlessness. Ultimately, this thesis is an attempt to use reticence as a critical lens through which to gain a deeper understanding of the “family’s structure of feeling” that erin Khuê Ninh imagines in analyses of the intergenerational conflict in immigrant families.
СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ РИСКОВ В ЦЕЛЯХ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ КОМПАНИИ
Creators: name: САНГАДЖИЕВА А.С.
name: БОГУСЛАВ Е.Н.
name: ИЗВАРИНА Н.Ю.
Publisher: name: Экономика и бизнес: теория и практика
Year: 2020
Subjects: СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ РИСКОВ
СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОЕ ПЛАНИРОВАНИЕ
ЭТАПЫ СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОГО АНАЛИЗА
БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ КОМПАНИИ
STRATEGIC RISK ANALYSIS
STRATEGIC PLANNING
STAGES OF STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
COMPANY SECURITY

description: В статье рассмотрено влияние процедур стратегического анализа рисков на повышение безопасности компании в интересах ее собственников и высшего руководства. Представлены требования, предъявляемые проведению такого анализа. Оценка стратегической позиции компании должна проводиться в несколько этапов на основе выявленных параметров риск-системы, среди которых анализ внутренней и внешней среды компании. Использование стратегического анализа рисков обеспечивает оптимальный баланс риска, приемлемый для достижения поставленного результата.
On minimum vertex cover of generalized Petersen graphs
Creators: name: Behsaz, Babak
name: Hatami, Pooya
name: Mahmoodian, Ebadollah S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For natural numbers $n$ and $k$ ($n > 2k$), a generalized Petersen graph $P(n,k)$, is defined by vertex set $\lbrace u_i,v_i\rbrace$ and edge set $\lbrace u_iu_{i+1},u_iv_i,v_iv_{i+k}\rbrace$; where $i = 1,2,\dots,n$ and subscripts are reduced modulo $n$. Here first, we characterize minimum vertex covers in generalized Petersen graphs. Second, we present a lower bound and some upper bounds for $β(P(n,k))$, the size of minimum vertex cover of $P(n,k)$. Third, in some cases, we determine the exact values of $β(P(n,k))$. Our conjecture is that $β(P(n,k)) \le n + \lceil\frac{n}{5}\rceil$, for all $n$ and $k$.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure,
Cryoglobulins, Cryofibrinogens, and Cold Agglutinins in Cold Urticaria: Literature Review, Retrospective Patient Analysis, and Observational Study in 49 Patients
Creators: name: Ginter, Katharina
name: Ahsan, Dalia Melina
name: Bizjak, Mojca
name: Krause, Karoline
name: Maurer, Marcus
name: Altrichter, Sabine
name: Terhorst-Molawi, Dorothea
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: cold urticaria
subject: cryoglobulins
subject: cryofibrinogens
subject: cold agglutinins
subject: cryoproteins
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction Cryoproteins, such as cryoglobulins, cryofibrinogens and cold agglutinins, precipitate at low temperatures or agglutinate erythrocytes and dissolve again when warmed. Their pathogenetic and diagnostic importance in cold urticaria (ColdU) is unclear. In this study, we aimed to characterize the prevalence of cryoproteins in patients with ColdU. Methods We conducted 3 analyses: i) a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data using an adapted version of the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool for case series, ii) a retrospective analysis of 293 ColdU patients treated at our Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE) from 2014 to 2019, and iii) a prospective observational study, from July 2019 to July 2020, with 49 ColdU patients as defined by the EAACI/GA2LEN/EDF/UNEV consensus recommendations. Results Our systematic review identified 14 relevant studies with a total of 1151 ColdU patients. The meta-analyses showed that 3.0% (19/628), 1.1% (4/357) and 0.7% (2/283) of patients had elevated levels of cryoglobulins, cryofibrinogens and cold agglutinins, respectively. Our retrospective analyses showed that cryoproteins were assessed in 4.1% (12/293) of ColdU patients. None of 9 ColdU patients had cryoglobulins, and one of 5 had cold agglutinins. In our prospective study, none of our patients had detectable cryoglobulins (0/48) or cryofibrinogens (0/48), but 4.3% (2/46) of patients had cold agglutinins (without any known underlying autoimmune or hematological disorder). Conclusion Our investigation suggests that only very few ColdU patients exhibit cryoproteins and that the pathogenesis of ColdU is driven by other mechanisms, which remain to be identified and characterized in detail.
ПОСТРОЕНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ КОРПОРАТИВНОЙ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Creators: name: ЛИ И.А.
name: КЛИМИНА К.В.
name: ИЗВАРИНА Н.Ю.
Publisher: name: Экономика и бизнес: теория и практика
Year: 2020
Subjects: КОРПОРАТИВНАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ
БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ БИЗНЕСА
ЗАЩИЩЕННОСТЬ
CORPORATE SECURITY
ECONOMIC SECURITY
BUSINESS SECURITY
SECURITY

description: По мере развития бизнеса осуществляется построение комплексной модели корпоративной экономической безопасности. В статье представлено авторское понимание определения «корпоративная безопасность» через механизм защищённости жизненно важных интересов бизнеса от внутренних и внешних угроз, при котором создаются нормальные условия его функционирования и развития. В статье представлены этапы построения системы корпоративной безопасности. На каждом из них меняется соотношение адаптивных возможностей и угроз, а изменение этих соотношений проверяет систему корпоративной безопасности на прочность. В заключении приводятся особенности комплексной модели безопасности.