cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Retaliation under the WTO Agreement: The “Sequencing Problem”
Creators: name: Gorbylev, Sergei
name: Novakovic, Milica
name: Gorbylev, Sergei
name: Novakovic, Milica
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: World Trade Organization
subject: Dispute Settlement Understanding
subject: interpretation
subject: compliance
subject: retaliation
subject: sequencing

description: The topic of this article is one of the biggest problems associated with retaliation under the World Trade Organization dispute settlement procedure - the sequencing issue. Namely, despite very strict, precise, applicable and tractable procedural rules in the World Trade Organization dispute settlement system, one thing has remained unclear and unresolved thus far - the mismatch of articles 21.5 and 22 of the World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement Understanding. A critical reading of these two articles, aside from possible practical problems, is enough to conclude that these two articles must be brought in accordance; otherwise, problems in implementation may arise. More than a decade ago, such a problem occurred, involving important world trade "players" and lasting over a considerable period. In order to explore the aforementioned problem, this article will outline the procedural issues, identify the problem, indicate the substance of the problem and, finally, suggest possible solutions.
The VERT-X calibration facility
Creators: name: Moretti, Alberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Instrumentation
X-ray optics
Calibration

description: The ground calibration of the ATHENA telescope is a critical part of the project and raises significant difficulties due to the unprecedented size, mass and focal length of the mirror assembly. The VERT-X project aims at developing an innovative calibration facility which will be able to accomplish this extremely challenging task with important advantages over the traditional horizontal long-tube calibration labs.
From truth to computability I
Creators: name: Japaridze, Giorgi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.1.1; F.1.2

description: The recently initiated approach called computability logic is a formal theory of interactive computation. See a comprehensive online source on the subject at http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~giorgi/cl.html . The present paper contains a soundness and completeness proof for the deductive system CL3 which axiomatizes the most basic first-order fragment of computability logic called the finite-depth, elementary-base fragment. Among the potential application areas for this result are the theory of interactive computation, constructive applied theories, knowledgebase systems, systems for resource-bound planning and action. This paper is self-contained as it reintroduces all relevant definitions as well as main motivations.
description: To appear in Theoretical Computer Science
Vibronic response of a spin-1/2 state from a carbon impurity in two-dimensional WS$_2$
Creators: name: Cochrane, Katherine A.
name: Lee, Jun-Ho
name: Kastl, Christoph
name: Haber, Jonah B.
name: Zhang, Tianyi
name: Kozhakhmetov, Azimkhan
name: Robinson, Joshua A.
name: Terrones, Mauricio
name: Repp, Jascha
name: Neaton, Jeffrey B.
name: Weber-Bargioni, Alexander
name: Schuler, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the creation of a spin-1/2 state via the atomically controlled generation of magnetic carbon radical ions (CRIs) in synthetic two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Hydrogenated carbon impurities located at chalcogen sites introduced by chemical doping can be activated with atomic precision by hydrogen depassivation using a scanning probe tip. In its anionic state, the carbon impurity exhibits a magnetic moment of 1 $μ_\text{B}$ resulting from an unpaired electron populating a spin-polarized in-gap orbital of C$^{\bullet -}_\text{S}$. Fermi level control by the underlying graphene substrate can charge and decharge the defect, thereby activating or quenching the defect magnetic moment. By inelastic tunneling spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations we show that the CRI defect states couple to a small number of vibrational modes, including a local, breathing-type mode. Interestingly, the electron-phonon coupling strength critically depends on the spin state and differs for monolayer and bilayer WS$_2$. These carbon radical ions in TMDs comprise a new class of surface-bound, single-atom spin-qubits that can be selectively introduced, are spatially precise, feature a well-understood vibronic spectrum, and are charge state controlled.
Interpretation of experimental data near lambda-transition point in liquid helium
Creators: name: Kaupuzs, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently published experimental data for specific heat C_p of liquid helium in zero gravity conditions very close to the lambda-transition have been discussed. We have shown that these data allow different interpretations. They can be well interpreted within the perturbative RG approach and within our recently developed theory, as well. Allowing the logarithmic correction, the corresponding fits lie almost on top of each other over the whole range of the reduced temperatures t (for bin averaged data) 6.3 x 10^{-10} < t < 8.8 x 10^{-3}. However, the plot of the effective exponent alpha_eff(t) suggests that the behaviour of C_p, probably, changes very close to the lambda-transition temperature. To clarify this question, we need more accurate data for t<10^{-7}. In addition, we show that the experimental data for superfluid fraction of liquid helium close to the critical point within 3 x 10^{-7} < t < 10^{-4} can be better fit by our exponents nu=9/13, Delta=5/13 than by the RG exponents (nu approximately 0.6705 and Delta about 0.5). The latter ones are preferable to fit the whole measured range 3 x 10^{-7} < t < 10^{-2} where, however, remarkable systematic deviations appear. Our estimated value 0.694 +/- 0.017 of the asymptotic exponent nu well agrees with the theoretical prediction nu=9/13.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. The first version was a preliminary one. Now it is substentially extended and coincides with the published paper
Additional file 4 of Parasite load and genotype are associated with clinical outcome of piroplasm-infected equines in Israel
Creators: name: Tirosh-Levy, Sharon
name: Steinman, Amir
name: Levy, Hadas
name: Yotam Katz
name: Shtilman, Margarita
name: Gottlieb, Yuval
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4: Table S3. Estimates of the evolutionary divergence within and between T. equi ema-2 genotypes.
Parawixia carimagua Cabra-García & Hormiga 2020, COMB. NOV.
Creators: name: Cabra-García, Jimmy
name: Hormiga, Gustavo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Araneidae
Parawixia
Parawixia carimagua

description: PARAWIXIA CARIMAGUA (LEVI, 1991) COMB. NOV.
(FIG. 134)
Wagneriana carimagua Levi, 1991: 393, fig. 102 (male holotype from Carimagua, Meta, Colombia, [4°34′N, 71°20′W], elevation 100 m, x.1973, W. Eberhard leg., deposited in MCZ 20706, examined); World Spider Catalog, 2019.
Parawixia porvenir Levi, 1992: 20, figs 54–55, synon. nov. (male holotype from Finca Chenevo, ~ 20 km N. of Río Muco, 20 km S. of El Porvenir, Meta, Colombia, [4°21′N, 71°34′W], elevation 170 m, W. Eberhard leg., deposited in MCZ 22725, examined through photographs of the habitus and genitalia); World Spider Catalog, 2019.
Justification for the transfer: Our phylogenetic analysis places W. carimagua in Parawixia (Figs 15, 17). Parawixia carimagua has pale, rounded patches in the sternum (character 12; Fig. 134B), terminal apophysis articulated with the radix (character 111) and a long membrane between the paramedian apophysis and the conductor bases (character 97; Fig. 134E), as is the case in other Parawixia species.
Justification for synonymy: Examination of the male holotype of P. porvenir shows that this specimen has the diagnostic C-shaped embolus of P. carimagua and, as such, it should be considered as a junior synonym of the latter species.
Diagnosis: Parawixia carimagua can be differentiated from all other species by having a C-shaped embolus (Fig. 134D, E).
Description: Male: see Levi (1991).
Female: unknown.
Distribution: Known only from two localities in the Meta state, Colombia.
ALPAIDA UROPYGIALIS (MELLO-LEITÃO, 1944) COMB.
description: Published as part of Cabra-García, Jimmy & Hormiga, Gustavo, 2020, Exploring the impact of morphology, multiple sequence alignment and choice of optimality criteria in phylogenetic inference: a case study with the Neotropical orb-weaving spider genus Wagneriana (Araneae: Araneidae), pp. 976-1151 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188 on pages 1107-1117
Search for the Rare Leptonic Decay B- -> tau- nubar
Creators: name: Aubert, B.
name: Collaboration, BABAR
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search for the decay $B^{-} \to τ^{-} \barν_τ$ in a sample of $88.9 \times 10^{6}$ $B\bar{B}$ pairs recorded with the BaBar detector at the SLAC $B$-Factory. One of the two $B$ mesons from the $Υ(4S)$ is reconstructed in a hadronic or a semileptonic final state and the decay products of the other $B$ in the event are analyzed for consistency with a $B^{-} \to τ^{-} \barν_τ$ decay. We find no evidence of a signal and set an upper limit on the branching fraction of $\mathcal{B}(B^{-} \to τ^{-} \barν_τ) < 4.2 \times 10^{-4}$ at the 90% confidence level.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, Submitted to Physical Review Letters
Alpaida turrigera Cabra-García & Hormiga 2020, COMB. NOV.
Creators: name: Cabra-García, Jimmy
name: Hormiga, Gustavo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Araneidae
Alpaida
Alpaida turrigera

description: ALPAIDA TURRIGERA (SCHENKEL, 1953) COMB. NOV.
Wagneriana turrigera Schenkel, 1953: 24, figs 22a, b (female holotype from El Pozon, Falcon, Venezuela, [12°6′N, 59°69′W], elevation [20 m], deposited in NMB, examined through photographs of the habitus and genitalia); Levi 1991: 413, figs 200–204; World Spider Catalog, 2019.
Justification for the transfer: Wagneriana turrigera was not included in our phylogenetic analysis, because we gained access to images of the holotype only after completion of the analytical stage. We attempted to collect specimens of A. turrigera in Colombia without success. The type locality in Venezuela was not accessible.
The holotype of W. turrigera reveals that this specimen does not present any of the diagnostic characters of the genus Wagneriana, but instead it has a combination of characters typical of the genus Alpaida, such as the small scape, a yellow carapace with black rings around the eyes, and setae type III in the cephalic area. The placement of this species in Alpaida should be tested further with the scoring of morphological characters from the still unknown male palp.
Diagnosis: Alpaida turrigera resembles A. octolobata in the presence of abdominal tubercles disposed in three lateral pairs, one anteromedian and one posteromedian and the weakly sclerotized epigynum. It can be distinguished from the latter species by the greater size of the anteromedian tubercle and the shape of the median epigynal plate.
Description: Male: unknown.
description: Published as part of Cabra-García, Jimmy & Hormiga, Gustavo, 2020, Exploring the impact of morphology, multiple sequence alignment and choice of optimality criteria in phylogenetic inference: a case study with the Neotropical orb-weaving spider genus Wagneriana (Araneae: Araneidae), pp. 976-1151 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188 on pages 1119-1126
CMS RPC Activities During LHC LS-2
Creators: name: Shah, Mehar Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The second LHC long shutdown period (LS2) is an important opportunity for the CMS Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) to complete their consolidation and upgrade projects. The consolidation includes detector maintenance for gas tightness, HV (high voltage), LV (low voltage) and slow control operation. All services for the RPC Phase-2 upgrade, namely RE3/1 and RE4/1, were anticipated for installation to LS2. This paper summarises the RPC system maintenance and upgrade activities.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, 15th Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and related detectors (RPC2020) Roma, Italy
Additional file 2 of Mapping global evidence on strategies and interventions in neurotrauma and road traffic collisions prevention: a scoping review
Creators: name: Santhani M Selveindran
name: Tango, Tamara
name: Khan, Muhammad Mukhtar
name: Simadibrata, Daniel Martin
name: Hutchinson, Peter J. A.
name: Brayne, Carol
name: Hill, Christine
name: Servadei, Franco
name: Kolias, Angelos G.
name: Rubiano, Andres M.
name: Joannides, Alexis J.
name: Hamisi K. Shabani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Search strategy for Medline 1946 to date: returned 18,013 records.
La parcelacion de las explotaciones con empresario persona fisica
Creators: name: Ruiz-Maya, Luis
name: Ruiz-Maya, Luis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Censos Agrarios de 1982 y 1999
subject: Orientaciones Tecnico Economicas
subject: empresario persona fisica
subject: parcelacion
subject: numero de parcelas por explotacion
subject: superficie total media de las explotaciones
subject: superficie media limite
subject: zona de desplazamiento intercensal
subject: Agrarian censuses of 1982 and 1999
subject: Technical-Economic Orientations
subject: entrepreneur physical person
subject: land division into plots
subject: number of plots by exploitation
subject: average total area of exploitations
subject: average total area of plots
subject: average limit area
subject: intercensal displacement zone

description: Mediante la informacion elemental de los Censos Agrarios de 1982 y 1999 se estudia la parcelacion de las explotacions con empresario persona fisica, distinguiendo las Orientaciones Tecnico Economicas asi como los cambios intercensales. Las dos principales consecuencias obtenidas son el icnremento de la parcelacion y las produfundas diferencias que tienen lugar entre Orientaciones...Using the elementary information found on the Agrarian Censuses of 1982 and 1999, the study focuses on the division of land into plots of the exploitations with an entrepreneur, physical person, based on Technical-Economic Orientations, as well as the existing intercensal variations. The two main consequences are the increase of the division of land into plots and the profound differences that occur between approaches.
Thermonuclear reaction rates and primordial nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Iliadis, Christian
name: Coc, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming the best numerical value for the cosmic baryonic density and the existence of three neutrino flavors, standard big bang nucleosynthesis is a parameter-free model. It is important to assess if the observed primordial abundances can be reproduced by simulations. Numerous studies have shown that the simulations overpredict the primordial $^7$Li abundance by a factor of $\approx$ $3$ compared to the observations. The discrepancy may be caused by unknown systematics in $^7$Li observations, poorly understood depletion of lithium in stars, errors in thermonuclear rates that take part in the lithium and beryllium synthesis, or physics beyond the standard model. Here, we focus on the likelihood of a nuclear physics solution. The status of the key nuclear reaction rates is summarized. Big bang nucleosynthesis simulations are performed with the most recent reaction rates and the uncertainties of the predicted abundances are established using a Monte Carlo technique. Correlations between abundances and reaction rates are investigated based on the metric of mutual information. The rates of four reactions impact the primordial $^7$Li abundance: $^3$He($α$,$γ$)$^7$Be, d(p,$γ$)$^3$He, $^7$Be(d,p)2$α$, and $^7$Be(n,p)$^7$Li. We employ a genetic algorithm to search for simultaneous rate changes in these four reactions that may account for all observed primordial abundances. When the search is performed for reaction rate ranges that are much wider than recently reported uncertainties, no acceptable solutions are found. Based on the currently available evidence, we conclude that it is highly unlikely for the cosmological lithium problem to have a nuclear physics solution.
Estimacion del apoyo comunitario a la agricultura de las Comunidades Autonomas
Creators: name: Alvarex-Coque, Jose Maria
name: Gonzalez-Moralejo, Silvia
name: Alvarex-Coque, Jose Maria
name: Gonzalez-Moralejo, Silvia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Apoyo a la agricultura
subject: transferencias presupuestarias
subject: agricultura espanola
subject: Agricultural support
subject: budget transferences
subject: Spanish Agriculture

description: La politica agraria en Espana ha estado sujeta en llos ultimos anos a cmabios sustanciales, que han implicado, por un lado, modificaciones en el nivel y los mecanismos de apoyo al sector y, al mismo tiempo, una creciente complejidad en la articulacion y papel de los diferentes niveles de la Administracion. Despues de la Agenda 2000 y la Revision Intermedia de la PAC, los instrumentos de politica agraria son cada vez mas aplicados de manera diferencial a nivel regional. Este contexto have que son cada vez mas necesario disponer de un sistema de informacion sobre el apoyo a la agricultura en las diversas regiones espanolas que permita un seguimiento y evaluacion del nivel global y la distribucion de ese apoyo. El trabajo adopta como base metodologixa los avances realizados en la estimacion de indicadores de apoyo a la agricultura por la OCDE. Ademas, tiene en cuenta los resultados de proyectos anteriores realizados en Espana referidos al gasto publico en agricultura de las CC.AA. y a la medicion del apoyo global al sector agrario de las deversas CC.AA... The agricultural policy in Spain has been involved in significant changes which have implied some modifications on the support level and its mechanisms, and a increasing complexity on the organization and role of the different levels of Government. After the Agenda 2000 and the CAP's Mid-Term Review, some instruments that can be applied at regional level are available. In this context, an information system about agricultural support that allowed the monitoring and evaluation of the support and its distribution becomes necessary. This work uses the progress on agricultural support indicators estimated by the OECD as the methodologic basis. The research takes into account the results of previous works carried out in Spain related to the AACC public expenditure on agriculture and measurement of the global support to the agriculture sector.
Triatomic Molecular Systems and Three-body forces: The Ar_3 case
Creators: name: Lekala, M. L.
name: Sofianos, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed bound state calculations to obtain the first few vibrational states for the Ar_3 molecular system. The equations used are of Faddeev-type and are solved directly as three-dimensional equations in configuration space, i.e. without resorting to an explicit partial wave decomposition. In addition to realistic pairwise interactions, we employ long range three-body forces. Our results are in good agreement with those obtained by other methods based on partial wave expansion and show a significant contribution of the three-body forces (>10%) to the binding energy and thus their inclusion is, in general, warranted in studying similar triatomic systems.
description: 3 pages, Oral Contribution to the 19th European Few-Body Conference, Groningen Aug. 23-27, 2004
Nurses’attitudes towards mentally ill patients
Creators: name: Quee, Kathy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Patients who are physically and mentally ill are increasingly cared for by local general hospital medical-surgical nurses. The purpose of this descriptive survey study was to (a) describe the attitudes of medical-surgical nurses towards the mentally ill, (b) identify factors that affect medical-surgical nurses' caring for mentally ill patients, and (c) identify and describe the relationship between medical-surgical nurses' attitudes towards the mentally ill and selected variables. The sample consisted of 113 randomly selected registered nurses employed full or part-time on medical or surgical units in general hospitals throughout British Columbia. Attitudes were measured using the Opinions About Mental Illness (OMI) developed by Cohen and Struening (1962). Participants also completed a general demographic questionnaire which asked what factors nurses felt affected their ability to care for mentally ill patients. The majority of the nurses in the sample were prepared at the diploma level and worked in urban areas. The average length of nursing experience was 13 years. Most respondents had psychiatric clinical experience in their education with no further inservices or educational training on care of mentally ill patients. Approximately one-half of the nurses had a personal experience with individuals diagnosed with a mental illness. Data revealed lower scores than previous studies on the OMI factors of Authoritarianism, Social Restrictiveness, and Interpersonal Etiology, indicating a more positive view of the mentally ill. Higher scores on Benevolence and lower scores on Mental Hygiene Ideology indicate a paternalistic need to care for these patients and a less optimistic view of mental illness. Computation of the Pearson r coefficient revealed that the greatest influence in decreasing socially restrictive attitudes towards the mentally ill is advanced education beyond the diploma level. Findings also indicated that nurses who did not have additional education in the care of the mentally ill were more likely to ascribe to a belief in Interpersonal Etiology as a cause of mental illness than were those with further education. Major factors that nurses identified as affecting their ability to care for mentally ill patients were a lack of time to care for mentally ill patients, and a lack of knowledge and experience with mentally ill patients.
Problematica del registro contable de los bienes entregados por los socios en las cooperativas agrarias
Creators: name: Igual, Juan Francisco
name: Garrido, Fernando
name: Igual, Juan Francisco
name: Garrido, Fernando
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Contabilidad de cooperativas
subject: productos entregados por los socios para la gestion cooperativa
subject: normas contables
subject: Normas Internacionales de Informacion Financiera
subject: Cooperative accounting
subject: products delivered by members for management by cooperative
subject: accounting standards
subject: International Financial Reporting Standards

description: Este trabajo se centra en la contabilizacion de los productos entregados por los socios para la comercializacion por las cooperativas agrarias, para ello, como punto de partida se describen los distintos sistemas de gestion de las cooperativas. Se estudia la literatura existente previamente a las actuales Normas sobre los aspectos contables de las sociedades cooperativas, se analiza el tratamiento establecido por dichas Normas. Se evalua dicho tratamiento mediante consulta a expertos aplicando el metodo Delphi. A partir de los apartados anteriores se estudian los aspectos problematicos de la contabilizacion de dichas operaciones en las Normas sobre los aspectos contables de las sociedades cooperativas, se completa con el estudio de las referencias existentes en otras normas contables de caracter nacional y, por ultimo, debido al actual entorno contable, se estudia su contabilizacion segun las Normas Internacionales de Informacion Financiera...This paper focuses on the accounting of the members product deliveries marketed by agricultural cooperatives. For this purpose, the different cooperative management systems are previously analyzed. In addition, we examine the existing papers that precede the current Standards about accounting issues of cooperative societies. The accounting treatment of these Standards is analyzed too, as well as it is evaluated by applying the expert consulting Delphi methodology. On the basis of the previous sections, the tricky issues that emerge from the accountancy of these operations are analyzed under the Standards about accounting issues of cooperative societies. We complete this study with the inquiry of the existing references in others national accounting standards, and finally as a result of the current accounting environment, we examine its accountancy under the International Financial Reporting Standards.
The observation and future prospect of temperature gradient in the shock of SN1006
Creators: name: Ichihashi, Masahiro
name: Kasuga, Tomoaki
name: Odaka, Hirokazu
name: Bamba, Aya
name: Kato, Yuichi
name: Katsuda, Satoru
name: Suzuki, Hiromasa
name: Nakazawa, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Supernova remnant
Collisionless shock
Shock heating

description: Collisionless shocks are observed in various environments in space. Behind the collisionless shocks, charged particles are heated in different time scales among elements, and relax to the equilibilium state. However, this heating and energy transfer mechanism is not yet understood well. We observe the northwestern region of SN1006 with Chandra, which has a filament with thermal dominant X-ray emission. We divide this region into four layers with a thickness of 15" or 0.16 pc, and analyze the spectrum of their regions. The electron temperature was found to increase toward downstream from 0.52-0.62 keV to 0.82-0.95 keV on a length scale of 60 arcsec (or 0.64 pc). In this poster, we also discuss on the future prospects to study the ion temperature with Athena.
Kózkowate (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Parku Krajobrazowego Wysoczyzny Elbląskiej
Creators: name: Bartłomiej Bujnik
name: Wiesław Szczepański
name: Wojciech T. Szczepański
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Baltic Coast, Elbląg Upland, faunistic, new data, Poland

description: Longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of the Elbląg Upland Landscape Park. The paper summarizes current knowledge of the longhorn beetle fauna of the Elbląg Upland Landscape Park and presents the results of recent faunistic research. During the study, conducted in the years 2007-2024, a total of 73 species were recorded, including 12 species documented for the first time in the Baltic Coast zoogeographical region: Exocentrus adspersus, Pachyta quadrimaculata, Carilia virginea, Cortodera humeralis, Pidonia lurida, Grammoptera abdominalis, Saperda populnea, Menesia bipunctata, Xylotrechus antilope, Tetropium fuscum, Tetropium gabrieli and Pyrrhidium sanguineum. Consequently, the total number of Cerambycidae species recorded in the Elbląg Upland Landscape Park has increased to 90.
Current in open quantum systems
Creators: name: Gebauer, Ralph
name: Car, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a dissipative current component is present in the dynamics generated by a Liouville-master equation, in addition to the usual component associated with Hamiltonian evolution. The dissipative component originates from coarse graining in time, implicit in a master equation, and needs to be included to preserve current continuity. We derive an explicit expression for the dissipative current in the context of the Markov approximation. Finally, we illustrate our approach with a simple numerical example, in which a quantum particle is coupled to a harmonic phonon bath and dissipation is described by the Pauli master equation.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
An Appraisal of Frozen Food Locker and Freezer Provisioning Cooperatives
Creators: name: Seymour, William R.
name: Miner, Bert D.
name: Seymour, William R.
name: Miner, Bert D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1967
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report: This report contains information on developments, sales, processing, size, merchandising, and problems and opportunities of frozen food locker and freezer provisioning cooperatives. It should be helpful to managers and directors of these organizations in improving operations and in serving member-patrons better. This report is based on the results of an industrywide study of frozen food locker and freezer provisioners that the Farmer Cooperative Service made in 1965. Some 4,500 of the approximately 7,200 firms in the industry participated in the survey. Of these participating firms, 170 were cooperatives. The authors, therefore, were able to compare the average operations of these 170 cooperatives with the average of the entire industry. They also were able to identify important cooperative developments between 1955, 1960, and 1965, since similar studies were made in those years.
Single-shot d-scan technique for ultrashort laser pulse characterization using transverse second-harmonic generation in random nonlinear crystals
Creators: name: Salgado-Remacha, Francisco J.
name: Alonso, Benjamín
name: Crespo, Helder
name: Cojocaru, Crina
name: Trull, Jose
name: Romero, Rosa
name: López-Ripa, Miguel
name: Guerreiro, Paulo T.
name: Silva, Francisco
name: Miranda, Miguel
name: L'Huillier, Anne
name: Arnold, Cord L.
name: Sola, Íñigo J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a novel dispersion-scan (d-scan) scheme for single-shot temporal characterization of ultrashort laser pulses. The novelty of this method relies on the use of a highly dispersive crystal featuring antiparallel nonlinear domains with a random distribution and size. This crystal, capable of generating a transverse second-harmonic signal, acts simultaneously as the dispersive element and the nonlinear medium of the d-scan device. The resulting in-line architecture makes the technique very simple and robust, allowing the acquisition of single-shot d-scan traces in real time. In addition, the technique can be further simplified by avoiding the need of dispersion pre-compensation. The retrieved pulses are in very good agreement with independent FROG measurements. We also apply the new single-shot d-scan to a TW-class laser equipped with a programmable pulse shaper, obtaining an excellent agreement between the applied and the d-scan retrieved dispersions.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Comment on "Universal Decoherence in Solids"
Creators: name: Openov, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the formula for the decoherence rate proposed by Eugene M. Chudnovsky [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 120405 (2004)]. We show that it has a limited range of validity and is not applicable to evaluation of the width of a low-energy optical mode considered by Chudnovsky as an example. This is due to unjustified use of the Fermi golden rule for calculation of the relaxation rate. We present more general expression for the probability of the phonon-induced transition.
description: 1 page, no figures
Electroweak Couplings of the Higgs Boson at a Multi-TeV Muon Collider
Creators: name: Han, Tao
name: Liu, Da
name: Low, Ian
name: Wang, Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the expected precision at a multi-TeV muon collider for measuring the Higgs boson couplings with electroweak gauge bosons, $HVV$ and $HHVV\ (V=W^\pm,Z)$, as well as the trilinear Higgs self-coupling $HHH$. At very high energies both single and double Higgs productions rely on the vector-boson fusion (VBF) topology. The outgoing remnant particles have a strong tendency to stay in the very forward region, leading to the configuration of the "inclusive process" and making it difficult to isolate $ZZ$ fusion events from the $WW$ fusion. In the single Higgs channel, we perform a maximum likelihood analysis on $HWW$ and $HZZ$ couplings using two categories: the inclusive Higgs production and the 1-muon exclusive signal. In the double Higgs channel, we consider the inclusive production and study the interplay of the trilinear $HHH$ and the quartic $VVHH$ couplings, by utilizing kinematic information in the invariant mass spectrum. We find that at a centre-of-mass energy of 10 TeV (30 TeV) with an integrated luminosity of 10 ab$^{-1}$ (90 ab$^{-1}$), one may reach a 95\% confidence level sensitivity of 0.073\% (0.023\%) for $WWH$ coupling, 0.61\% (0.21\%) for $ZZH$ coupling, 0.62\% (0.20\%) for $WWHH$ coupling, and 5.6\% (2.0\%) for $HHH$ coupling. For dim-6 operators contributing to the processes, these sensitivities could probe the new physics scale $Λ$ in the order of $1-10$ ($2-20$) TeV at a 10 TeV (30 TeV) muon collider.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Non-rational divisors over non-degenerate cDV-points
Creators: name: Stepanov, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J45

description: Let $(X,o)$ be a 3-dimensional terminal singularity of type $cD$ or $cE$ defined in $\mathbb{C}^4$ by an equation non-degenerate with respect to its Newton diagram. We show that there is not more than 1 non-rational divisor $E$ over $(X,o)$ with discrepancy $a(E,X)=1$. We also describe all blowups $σ$ of $(X,o)$ such that $E=\Exc(σ)$ is non-rational and $a(E,X)=1$.
description: 15 pages
Scaling laws and dynamics of hashtags on Twitter
Creators: name: Chen, Hongjia H.
name: Alexander, Tristram J.
name: Oliveira, Diego F. M.
name: Altmann, Eduardo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we quantify the statistical properties and dynamics of the frequency of hashtag use on Twitter. Hashtags are special words used in social media to attract attention and to organize content. Looking at the collection of all hashtags used in a period of time, we identify the scaling laws underpinning the hashtag frequency distribution (Zipf's law), the number of unique hashtags as a function of sample size (Heaps' law), and the fluctuations around expected values (Taylor's law). While these scaling laws appear to be universal, in the sense that similar exponents are observed irrespective of when the sample is gathered, the volume and nature of the hashtags depends strongly on time, with the appearance of bursts at the minute scale, fat-tailed noise, and long-range correlations. We quantify this dynamics by computing the Jensen-Shannon divergence between hashtag distributions obtained $τ$ times apart and we find that the speed of change decays roughly as $1/τ$. Our findings are based on the analysis of 3.5 billion hashtags used between 2015 and 2016.
description: 8 pages and 4 figures. Submitted to the journal "Chaos", special edition on "Dynamics of Social Systems". Data available at https://zenodo.org/record/3673744#.Xqa5t_GhSv4
Spin Fluctuation and Crystal Field Excitation of a Heavy Fermion Compound YbAgGe studied by Inelastic Neutron Scattering
Creators: name: Matsumura, T.
name: Ishida, H.
name: Satoh, T. J.
name: Katoh, K.
name: Niide, Y.
name: Ochiai, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic neutron scattering experiment has been performed on a new heavy fermion compound YbAgGe for a polycrystalline sample at zero magnetic field. A quasielastic scattering and a crystal field excitation at 12 meV was observed. Both of them are broadened with an intrinsic width of 0.9 meV at 1.5 K which increases to about 3 meV at 300 K. The temperature dependence follows Gamma_0+AT^(1/2) typically observed in Kondo systems. Crystal field parameters were also deduced. To explain the result that only one excitation isobserved at 12 meV, it is concluded that the B22 term should be the main component.
description: 4pages, submitted to JPSJ
Supplementary Material from Settling aerodynamics is a driver of symmetry in deciduous tree leaves
Creators: name: Biviano, Matthew  Dominic
name: Jensen, Kaare Hartvig
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 310908
subject: Animal physiology - biophysics
classificationCode: 320802
subject: Human biophysics

description: Description of the Experimental setup and control experiments. Fig. S1-S10.
title: An implicit theory of groups: The understanding of groups in children, adolescents and adults, and its association with generalised prejudice.
Creators: name: Goodbun, Katie
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2024

description: Prejudice and discrimination are some of the most widely studied topics within the intergroup relations literature. At a time when intolerance, segregation and intergroup conflict continue to impact negatively on people's lives, the need to understand the bases of prejudiced attitudes remains a relevant and necessary area of study. If prejudice and discrimination are to be addressed however, it is necessary to understand how, when and why such attitudes develop. 
The first part of this thesis (Chapters 1 and 2) reviews the current social and developmental thinking related to the development of prejudice; providing a critique of current theoretical models and highlighting gaps in knowledge. It argues that a more complete picture of the development of prejudice in children is needed, one which explores the role of individuals differences, such as social dominance orientation, and in particular an Implicit Theory of Groups. Chapter 3 outlines the collaborative work carried out with the Anne Frank Trust UK (AFT) as part of the ESRC SeNSS CASE (1+3) studentship. It details links between the work of the AFT and the current thesis as well as outlining the development of the general measure of prejudice used in the studies reported here. 
On the basis of this critical analysis the second part of the thesis (Chapter 4 and 5) reports results from a series of studies with children, adolescents and adults. These studies aim to develop and test a measure of an Implicit Group Theory which account for factors such as the perceived malleability and homogeneity of groups, as well as constructs such as entitativity and essentialism. The third part of the thesis (Chapter 6) employs the newly developed measure of an Implicit Group Theory to test its association with generalised prejudice in adolescents and adults. 
Results demonstrated striking similarity in the Implicit Group Theory of adults and adolescents, and reveal that both perceived malleability of groups and social dominance orientation are associated with generalised prejudice in adults and adolescents. The Implicit Group Theory of children (9-10 years) appears to be less well developed, but results indicate that it is associated with social dominance orientation, and has the potential to be a driver of prejudice at an early age. The work included in the thesis adds to the understanding of how a lay theory of groups may influence prejudice in childhood and adolescence as well as representing a potentially new and innovative approach for prejudice reduction programmes.
Backgrounds in gravitational effective field theory
Creators: name: Kostelecky, Alan
name: Li, Zonghao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective field theories describing gravity coupled to matter are investigated, allowing for operators of arbitrary mass dimension. Terms violating local Lorentz and diffeomorphism invariance while preserving internal gauge symmetries are included. The theoretical framework for violations of local Lorentz and diffeomorphism invariance and associated conceptual issues are discussed, including transformations in curved and approximately flat spacetimes, the treatment of various types of backgrounds, the implications of symmetry breaking, and the no-go constraints for explicit violation in Riemann geometry. Techniques are presented for the construction of effective operators, and the possible terms in the gravity, gauge, fermion, and scalar sectors are classified and enumerated. Explicit expressions are obtained for terms containing operators of mass dimension six or less in the effective action for General Relativity coupled to the Standard Model of particle physics. Special cases considered include Einstein-Maxwell effective field theories and the limit with only scalar coupling constants.
description: 36 pages two-column REVTeX
Time-Distance Helioseismology of Deep Meridional Circulation
Creators: name: Rajaguru, S. P.
name: Antia, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key component of solar interior dynamics is the meridional circulation (MC), whose poleward component in the surface layers has been well observed. Time-distance helioseismic studies of the deep structure of MC, however, have yielded conflicting inferences. Here, following a summary of existing results we show how a large center-to-limb systematics (CLS) in the measured travel times of acoustic waves affect the inferences through an analysis of frequency dependence of CLS, using data from the Helioseismic and Doppler Imager (HMI) onboard Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Our results point to the residual systematics in travel times as a major cause of differing inferences on the deep structure of MC.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the Springer series Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings of "Dynamics of the Sun & Stars: Honoring the Life & Work of Michael Thompson" (2020)
Densities, spectral densities and modality
Creators: name: Davies, P. Laurie
name: Kovac, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G07 (Primary) 62M15 (Secondary)

description: This paper considers the problem of specifying a simple approximating density function for a given data set (x_1,...,x_n). Simplicity is measured by the number of modes but several different definitions of approximation are introduced. The taut string method is used to control the numbers of modes and to produce candidate approximating densities. Refinements are introduced that improve the local adaptivity of the procedures and the method is extended to spectral densities.
description: Published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org) in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053604000000364
’A new breed of group’ : community activism in Vancouver’s Strathcona neighbourhood, 1968-1972
Creators: name: Bruce, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Between 1968 and 1972 the residents of Vancouver's inner-city neighbourhood of Strathcona were engaged in a movement to stop the clearance and redevelopment of their neighbourhood. While mobilized around this effort to protect their homes, this movement had broader goals focused on reforming the democratic structures that had left them in such a marginal position. Residents succeeded on both accounts, halting the City of Vancouver's plan to replace their houses with high-density apartment blocks while also reforming political attitudes towards inner city communities and enhancing civic engagement. This was a genuinely grassroots movement of residents who had no experience challenging structures of authority or engaging in political activism. While this case study does fit within a wider context of urban community activism in the late 1960s and 1970s, Strathcona stands as a unique case as witnessed in the neighbourhood's ethnic, class, and generational diversity, as well as by the lack of experience in activism by those who participated in the fight to save the community. This paper is an analysis of the community structure, tactics, and strategies, as led by residents and organizers with the Strathcona Property Owners and Tenants Association, or SPOT A.
Finite SU(N)^k Unification
Creators: name: Ma, Ernest
name: Mondragon, Myriam
name: Zoupanos, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider N=1 supersymmetric gauge theories based on the group SU(N)_1 x SU(N)_2 x ... x SU(N)_k with matter content (N,N*,1,...,1) + (1,N,N*,...,1) + >... + (N*,1,1,...,N) as candidates for the unification symmetry of all particles. In particular we examine to which extent such theories can become finite and we find that a necessary condition is that there should be exactly three families. We discuss further some phenomenological issues related to the cases (N,k) = (3,3), (3,4), and (4,3), in an attempt to choose those theories that can become also realistic. Thus we are naturally led to consider the SU(3)^3 model which we first promote to an all-loop finite theory and then we study its additional predictions concerning the top quark mass, Higgs mass and supersymmetric spectrum.
description: 15 pages