cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic properties of the Shastry-Sutherland model from quantum Monte Carlo simulations
Creators: name: Wessel, Stefan
name: Niesen, Ido
name: Stapmanns, Jonas
name: Normand, B.
name: Mila, Frédéric
name: Corboz, Philippe
name: Honecker, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the minus-sign problem that afflicts quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations of frustrated quantum spin systems, focusing on spin S=1/2, two spatial dimensions, and the extended Shastry-Sutherland model. We show that formulating the Hamiltonian in the diagonal dimer basis leads to a sign problem that becomes negligible at low temperatures for small and intermediate values of the ratio of the inter- and intradimer couplings. This is a consequence of the fact that the product state of dimer singlets is the exact ground state both of the extended Shastry-Sutherland model and of a corresponding "sign-problem-free" model, obtained by changing the signs of all positive off-diagonal matrix elements in the dimer basis. By exploiting this insight, we map the sign problem throughout the extended parameter space from the Shastry-Sutherland to the fully frustrated bilayer model and compare it with the phase diagram computed by tensor-network methods. We use QMC to compute with high accuracy the temperature dependence of the magnetic specific heat and susceptibility of the Shastry-Sutherland model for large systems up to a coupling ratio of 0.526(1) and down to zero temperature. For larger coupling ratios, our QMC results assist us in benchmarking the evolution of the thermodynamic properties by systematic comparison with exact diagonalization calculations and interpolated high-temperature series expansions.
description: 13 pages including 10 figures; published version with minor changes and corrections
Additional file 1 of Navigating PROSPERO4animals: 10 top tips for efficient pre-registration of your animal systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Bannach-Brown, Alexandra
name: Rackoll, Torsten
name: Kaynak, Nurcennet
name: Drude, Natascha
name: Aquarius, René
name: Vojvodić, Sofija
name: Abreu, Mariana
name: Menon, Julia M. L.
name: Wever, Kimberley E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
New Scaling Law for Deuteron Production in Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus Nucleus Collisions
Creators: name: Sorge, H.
name: Nagle, J. L.
name: Kumar, B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deuteron production in S and Pb induced collisions at beam energies of 200 and 160 AGeV is studied in the framework of the transport theoretical approach RQMD. Strong transverse flow invalidates the differential coalescence formula in momentum space. The transverse momentum integrated $d$ yields scale in a broad rapidity interval with the squared proton densities and inversely with the produced particle rapidity densities. This kind of scaling can be linked to constant relative sizes of nucleon and pion sources at freeze-out. With increasing projectile mass the nucleon source blows up stronger than the pion source. As a result, the scaled deuteron densities drop in central Pb+Pb collisions by 15 percent as compared to S induced reactions.
description: 12 pages + 4 postscript figures (uuencoded and included)
Genome-wide analysis of MATE transporters and response to metal stress in Cajanus cajan
Creators: name: Dong, Biying
name: Niu, Lili
name: Meng, Dong
name: Song, Zhihua
name: Wang, Litao
name: Jian, Yue
name: Fan, Xiaohong
name: Dong, Mingzhu
name: Yang, Qing
name: Fu, Yujie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Multidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion (MATEs) is one of the characteristic transporter families, which plays a key role in the detoxication of endogenous secondary metabolites and exogenous agents in both animal and plant cells. In this study, we identified a total of 67 MATE genes (CcMATEs) from the pigeonpea genome, on which we performed bioinformatics analysis and we group them by phylogenetic analysis. Finally, eight represented CcMATE genes were selected for further qRT-PCR analysis of tissue specificity and response to metal stress in pigeonpea. The results showed that both CcMATE34 and 45 genes were significantly up-regulated and the CcMATE4 gene was only up-regulated in the roots under the stress of Al, Mn and Zn. We speculated that the function of CcMATE34 and 45 might be related to the transport of alkaloids and harmful substances and the function of CcMATE4 might be related to the delivery of flavonoids.
PyUnfold: A Python Package for Iterative Unfolding
Creators: name: Bourbeau, James
name: Hampel-Arias, Zigfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PyUnfold is a Python package for incorporating imperfections of the measurement process into a data analysis pipeline. In an ideal world, we would have access to the perfect detector: an apparatus that makes no error in measuring a desired quantity. However, in real life, detectors have finite resolutions, characteristic biases that cannot be eliminated, less than full detection efficiencies, and statistical and systematic uncertainties. By building a matrix that encodes a detector's smearing of the desired true quantity into the measured observable(s), a deconvolution can be performed that provides an estimate of the true variable. This deconvolution process is known as unfolding. The unfolding method implemented in PyUnfold accomplishes this deconvolution via an iterative procedure, providing results based on physical expectations of the desired quantity. Furthermore, tedious book-keeping for both statistical and systematic errors produces precise final uncertainty estimates.
description: 17 pages
Belonogaster undetermined
Creators: name: Gudin, Filipe Macedo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eumenidae
Belonogaster
Belonogaster undetermined

description: Belonogaster sp.
 Roubaud and Villeneuve (1914: 125, record from Western Africa [origin not specified], parasitoid as Anacamptomyia bisetosa (Roubaud and Villeneuve)).
description: Published as part of Gudin, Filipe Macedo, 2023, Annotated Catalog of Vespid Hosts (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of Tachinidae (Diptera), with Description of a New Species of Ophirion Townsend from Brazil, pp. 1-25 in Zoological Studies 62 (6) on page 5, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2023.62-06, http://zenodo.org/record/8075254
Novel bibliometric scores for evaluating research quality and output: a correlation study with established indexes.
Creators: name: Scotti, Valeria
name: Silvestri, Annalisa De
name: Scudeller, Luigia
name: Abele, Paola
name: Topuz, Funda
name: Curti, Moreno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: We evaluate how these new metrics correlate with established bibliometric indexes such as the impact factor (IF), currently used as a measure of scientific production as well as a criterion for scientific research funding, and how they might be helpful in assessing the impact of research.All articles from the various departments published in a single year, the altmetrics score and the sum of all IFs showed a strong and significant correlation (Spearman's rho 0.88). The correlation was significant also when the major components of altmetrics, including Facebook, Twitter and Mendeley, were analyzed. The implementation of altmetrics has been found to be easy and effective at both the researcher and librarian levels.
On the Feasibility of CubeSats Application Sandboxing for Space Missions
Creators: name: Marra, Gabriele
name: Planta, Ulysse
name: Wüstenberg, Philipp
name: Abbasi, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper details our journey in designing and selecting a suitable application sandboxing mechanism for a satellite under development, with a focus on small satellites. Central to our study is the development of selection criteria for sandboxing and assessing its appropriateness for our satellite payload. We also test our approach on two already operational satellites, Suchai and SALSAT, to validate its effectiveness. These experiments highlight the practicality and efficiency of our chosen sandboxing method for real-world space systems. Our results provide insights and highlight the challenges involved in integrating application sandboxing in the space sector.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted to SpaceSec Workshop 2024 and to be published as post-conference proceedings with NDSS 2024
Calculations for Security Risk Assessment and Requirements Prioritization (Passenger-AV interaction scenario)
Creators: name: Bakhtina, Mariia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: security risk assessment
requirements prioritization
autonomous vehicle

description: The spreadsheet contains an example of conducting a security risks assessment for the Passenger-AV interaction scenario (see the case described in the paper DOI: 10.1145/3465481.3470045). Detailed calculations of risks- and treatment-related metrics are provided. Additionally, security countermeasures prioritization is illustrated.
Label Scarcity in Computer Vision: From Long Tail to Zero-shot
Creators: name: Huang, He
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022

description: In the era of big data, we have access to various sources of potentially unlimited data, but collecting labels for those data is still very costly for computer vision. For example, object detection requires the images to be annotated with labels and bounding boxes for all objects, and instance segmentation requires pixel level annotation of images. Given the limited budget and the non-uniform distribution of real world data, the available labels we have usually follows a long tail distribution, where some frequent classes have a lot of annotations while rare classes have very few labels. With the rapid growth of the Internet, people create new content and concepts almost every day, and it is hard for machines to recognize and classify such novel content, which gives rise to another kind of label scarcity named zero-shot recognition, where we want to train models to recognize new classes that they never see during training. In this work, we study the two types of label scarcity (i.e., long tail distribution of classes and novel classes without annotations) in different applications. On one hand, we study dealing with long tail distribution in scene graph parsing, which requires the model to not only detect objects in the input images but also predict the relations between those objects. We propose a general framework that can be applied to and improve many existing models, by decomposing the problem into classification and ranking sub-problems. On the other hand, to deal with label scarcity caused by novel classes with no annotations, we design generative models as well as utilize external knowledge from text to solve different zero-shot recognition problems in image classification. Specifically, we propose a unified framework for single label zero-shot recognition with generative adversarial networks, and use graph convolutional networks to bridge the gap between seen and unseen classes for multi-label zero-shot image recognition. Additionally, we propose a translational embedding model that recognize new attribute-object compositions. All the works mentioned above use open-source public datasets like ImageNet, MS-COCO, NUS-WIDE and CUB.
Strong Isospin-Breaking Effects in K-->pi pi at Next-to-Leading Order in the Chiral Expansion
Creators: name: Wolfe, Carl E.
name: Maltman, Kim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong isospin-breaking (IB) contributions to both the octet and 27-plet weak K-->2 pi transitions are evaluated at next-to-leading order (NLO) in the chiral expansion. NLO contributions are shown to significantly reduce the leading order result for the potentially large contribution to the $ΔI=3/2$ amplitude resulting from strong isospin-breaking modifications to the weak Delta I=1/2 amplitude. The ratio of strong IB 27-plet to strong IB octet contributions is found to be small for all decay amplitudes. Combined with recent results on the corresponding electromagnetic contributions, we find that the ratio of the intrinsic strengths of octet and 27-plet effective weak operators can be taken to be that obtained from experimental data, analyzed ignoring isospin breaking, to an accuracy better than of order 10 percent.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure. NLO determination of strong IB modification of weak 27-plet transitions now also included; modified phase discussion
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Beaune et du Beaunois (XVe siècle), Cart. 174 (11 H 79), 56 pages, f. 0018
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Beaune et du Beaunois (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 174 (11 H 79), 56 pages, f. 0018, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Beaune et du Beaunois (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 174 (11 H 79), 56 pages, f. 0018, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Polistes africanus Palisot de Beauvois
Creators: name: Gudin, Filipe Macedo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eumenidae
Polistes
Polistes africanus

description: Polistes africanus Palisot de Beauvois
 Roubaud and Villeneuve (1914: 124, record from Satadougou [as Haute-Gambie], Senegal, as P. marginalis africanus, parasitoid as Anacamptomyia pallida (Roubaud and Villeneuve)); Vesey-FitzGerald (1940: 33, record from Dar es Salaam, D a r e s S a l a a m, Ta n z a n i a, a s P. m a rg i n a l i s africanus, parasitoid as Anacamptomyia africana Bischof); Richards (1969: 81, record from Legon, Accra, Ghana, as Polistes spilophorus Schletterer, parasitoid as unidentified Tachinidae, probably Anacamptomyia Bischof).
description: Published as part of Gudin, Filipe Macedo, 2023, Annotated Catalog of Vespid Hosts (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of Tachinidae (Diptera), with Description of a New Species of Ophirion Townsend from Brazil, pp. 1-25 in Zoological Studies 62 (6) on page 5, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2023.62-06, http://zenodo.org/record/8075254
Mining and Forecasting Career Trajectories of Music Artists
Creators: name: Arakelyan, Shushan
name: Morstatter, Fred
name: Martin, Margaret
name: Ferrara, Emilio
name: Galstyan, Aram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many musicians, from up-and-comers to established artists, rely heavily on performing live to promote and disseminate their music. To advertise live shows, artists often use concert discovery platforms that make it easier for their fans to track tour dates. In this paper, we ask whether digital traces of live performances generated on those platforms can be used to understand career trajectories of artists. First, we present a new dataset we constructed by cross-referencing data from such platforms. We then demonstrate how this dataset can be used to mine and predict important career milestones for the musicians, such as signing by a major music label, or performing at a certain venue. Finally, we perform a temporal analysis of the bipartite artist-venue graph, and demonstrate that high centrality on this graph is correlated with success.
description: In HT'18: 29th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media
Additional file 1 of Elective one-minute full brain multi-contrast MRI versus brain CT in pediatric patients: a prospective feasibility study
Creators: name: De Luca, Francesca
name: Kits, Annika
name: Martin Muñoz, Daniel
name: Aspelin, Åsa
name: Kvist, Ola
name: Österman, Yords
name: Diaz Ruiz, Sandra
name: Skare, Stefan
name: Falk Delgado, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1.
Untitled ItemNovel bibliometric scores for evaluating research quality and output: a correlation study with established indexes.
Creators: name: Scotti, Valeria
name: Silvestri, Annalisa De
name: Scudeller, Luigia
name: Abele, Paola
name: Topuz, Funda
name: Curti, Moreno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: We evaluate how these new metrics correlate with established bibliometric indexes such as the impact factor (IF), currently used as a measure of scientific production as well as a criterion for scientific research funding, and how they might be helpful in assessing the impact of research.All articles from the various departments published in a single year, the altmetrics score and the sum of all IFs showed a strong and significant correlation (Spearman's rho 0.88). The correlation was significant also when the major components of altmetrics, including Facebook, Twitter and Mendeley, were analyzed. The implementation of altmetrics has been found to be easy and effective at both the researcher and librarian levels.
Leptogenesis from Neutralino Decay with Nonholomorphic R-Parity Violation
Creators: name: Hambye, Thomas
name: Ma, Ernest
name: Sarkar, Utpal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In supersymmetric models with lepton-number violation, hence also R-parity violation, it is easy to have realistic neutrino masses, but then leptogenesis becomes difficult to achieve. After explaining the general problems involved, we study the details of a model which escapes these constraints and generates a lepton asymmetry, which gets converted into the present observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe through the electroweak sphalerons. This model requires the presence of certain nonholomorphic R-parity violating terms. For completeness we also present the most general R-parity violating Lagrangian with soft nonholomorphic terms and study their consequences for the charged-scalar mass matrix. New contributions to neutrino masses in this scenario are discussed.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures
Rank and Rate: Multi-task Learning for Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Hadash, Guy
name: Shalom, Oren Sar
name: Osadchy, Rita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The two main tasks in the Recommender Systems domain are the ranking and rating prediction tasks. The rating prediction task aims at predicting to what extent a user would like any given item, which would enable to recommend the items with the highest predicted scores. The ranking task on the other hand directly aims at recommending the most valuable items for the user. Several previous approaches proposed learning user and item representations to optimize both tasks simultaneously in a multi-task framework. In this work we propose a novel multi-task framework that exploits the fact that a user does a two-phase decision process - first decides to interact with an item (ranking task) and only afterward to rate it (rating prediction task). We evaluated our framework on two benchmark datasets, on two different configurations and showed its superiority over state-of-the-art methods.
title: The Clyde Whiting - A Comparison with Other Whiting Stocks
Creators: name: Gamble, R.
Publisher: name: ASC 1960
Year: 2024
Subjects: Greater North Sea (ICES Ecoregion)
Fisheries and aquaculture

description: In January 1959 a programme of market sampling was started at Ayr, designed to cover the British seine-net fishery for whiting in the Firth of Clyde.The results of the year’s sampling, together with research vessel data, indicate interesting differences from the whiting stock of the Minch area. Only a little information is available for the latter, but this suggests close affinities between the Minch whiting and the whiting off the north coast of Scotland and in the northern North Sea.
The Sinc Function Representation and Three-Loop Master Diagrams
Creators: name: Easther, Richard
name: Guralnik, Gerald
name: Hahn, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test the Sinc function representation, a novel method for numerically evaluating Feynman diagrams, by using it to evaluate the three-loop master diagrams. Analytical results have been obtained for all these diagrams, and we find excellent agreement between our calculations and the exact values. The Sinc function representation converges rapidly, and it is straightforward to obtain accuracies of 1 part in 10^6 for these diagrams and with longer runs we found results better than 1 part in 10^{12}. Finally, this paper extends the Sinc function representation to diagrams containing massless propagators.
description: Uses feynmp macros for drawing diagrams
Finite temperature mean-field theory with intrinsic non-hermitian structures for Bose gases in optical lattices
Creators: name: He, Liang
name: Yi, Su
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reveal a divergent issue associated with the mean-field theory for Bose gases in optical lattices constructed by the widely used straightforward mean-field decoupling of the hopping term, where the corresponding mean-field Hamiltonian generally assumes no lower energy bound once the spatial dependence of the mean-field superfluid order parameter is taken into account. Via a systematic functional integral approach, we solve this issue by establishing a general finite temperature mean-field theory that can treat any possible spatial dependence of the order parameter without causing the divergent issue. Interestingly, we find the theory generally assumes an intrinsic non-hermitian structure that originates from the indefiniteness of the hopping matrix of the system. Within this theory, we develop an efficient approach for investigating the physics of the system at finite temperature, where properties of the system can be calculated via straightforward investigation on the saddle points of an effective potential function for the order parameter. We illustrate our approach by investigating the finite temperature superfluid transition of Bose gases in optical lattices. Since the underlying finite temperature mean-field theory is quite general, this approach can be straightforwardly applied to investigate the finite temperature properties of related systems with phases possessing complex spatial structures.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Maintaining Monogamy
Creators: name: Rosen, Natalie
name: Belu, Charlene
name: Metcalfe, Kate
name: O'Sullivan, Lucia
name: Wasson, Kendra
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This research will explore comprehensively the maintenance behaviours that individuals in intimate relationships use to navigate situations in which they are interacting with attractive others. We will test whether adhering to strategies that help ensure exclusivity is linked to relationship quality. We propose three integrated studies that combine longitudinal surveys, dyadic research, diary methods, and experience sampling. Study 1 is longitudinal national study using online surveys of strategies that individuals in established romantic relationships use to maintain exclusivity when interacting with attractive others, with 4-, 6- and 12-month follow-up assessments to examine links to relationship quality as well as infidelity. Study 2 incorporates diary methods to integrate all of these substantive components into a model of relationship maintenance: concordance, strategies, relationship commitment and satisfaction.
Although there has been a large body of research on infidelity on which to draw, the proposed research includes the very first set of studies to examine systematically a long-overlooked components of relationship longevity: couples' agreements about exclusivity, how they operate, and potential challenges to maintenance. This work combines a theoretical perspective on relationship agreements with a strong history of related work from our labs to tackle this emotionally-charged and sensitive issue.
Sample preparation and warping accuracy for correlative multimodal imaging in the mouse olfactory bulb using 2-photon, synchrotron X-ray and volume electron microscopy.
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuxin
name: Ackels, Tobias
name: Pacureanu, Alexandra
name: Zdora, Marie-Christine
name: Bonnin, Anne
name: Schaefer, Andreas T
name: Bosch, Carles
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: Neurosciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
subject: Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
classificationCode: Microfabrication & Bioengineering
subject: Microfabrication & Bioengineering
classificationCode: Computational & Systems Biology
subject: Computational & Systems Biology

description: Integrating physiology with structural insights of the same neuronal circuit provides a unique approach to understanding how the mammalian brain computes information. However, combining the techniques that provide both streams of data represents an experimental challenge. When studying glomerular column circuits in the mouse olfactory bulb, this approach involves e.g., recording the neuronal activity with in vivo 2-photon (2P) calcium imaging, retrieving the circuit structure with synchrotron X-ray computed tomography with propagation-based phase contrast (SXRT) and/or serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBEM) and correlating these datasets. Sample preparation and dataset correlation are two key bottlenecks in this correlative workflow. Here, we first quantify the occurrence of different artefacts when staining tissue slices with heavy metals to generate X-ray or electron contrast. We report improvements in the staining procedure, ultimately achieving perfect staining in ∼67% of the 0.6 mm thick olfactory bulb slices that were previously imaged in vivo with 2P. Secondly, we characterise the accuracy of the spatial correlation between functional and structural datasets. We demonstrate that direct, single-cell precise correlation between in vivo 2P and SXRT tissue volumes is possible and as reliable as correlating between 2P and SBEM. Altogether, these results pave the way for experiments that require retrieving physiology, circuit structure and synaptic signatures in targeted regions. These correlative function-structure studies will bring a more complete understanding of mammalian olfactory processing across spatial scales and time.
Additional file 1 of Oritavancin as sequential therapy for Gram-positive bloodstream infections
Creators: name: Texidor, Williams Monier
name: Miller, Matthew A.
name: Molina, Kyle C.
name: Krsak, Martin
name: Calvert, Barbara
name: Hart, Caitlin
name: Storer, Marie
name: Fish, Douglas N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Nuclear surface diffuseness revealed in nucleon-nucleus diffraction
Creators: name: Hatakeyama, S.
name: Horiuchi, W.
name: Kohama, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear surface provides useful information on nuclear radius, nuclear structure as well as properties of nuclear matter. We discuss the relationship between the nuclear surface diffuseness and elastic scattering differential cross section at the first diffraction peak of high-energy nucleon-nucleus scattering as an efficient tool in order to extract the nuclear surface information from limited experimental data involving short-lived unstable nuclei. The high-energy reaction is described by a reliable microscopic reaction theory, the Glauber model. Extending the idea of the black sphere model, we find one-to-one correspondence between the nuclear bulk structure information and proton elastic scattering diffraction peak. This implies that we can extract both the nuclear radius and diffuseness simultaneously, using the position of the first diffraction peak and its magnitude of the elastic scattering differential cross section. We confirm the reliability of this approach by using realistic density distributions obtained by a mean-field model.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. C
Multiquark picture for Lambda(1405) and Sigma(1620)
Creators: name: Choe, Seungho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new QCD sum rule analysis for the Lambda(1405) and the Sigma(1620). Using the I=0 and I=1 multiquark sum rules we predict their masses.
description: 5 pages, 3 ps files. Talk given at 11th International Light-Cone School and Workshop : New Directions in Quantum Chromodynamics, and 12th Nuclear Physics Summer School and Symposium (NuSS'99), Seoul, Korea, 26 May - 26 Jun, 1999
Polistes dominulus
Creators: name: Gudin, Filipe Macedo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eumenidae
Polistes
Polistes dominulus

description: Polistes dominulus (Christ)
 Benadé et al. (2014: 222, record from Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa, as P. dominula, parasitoid as unidentified Anacamptomyia Bischof); Roets et al. (2019: 927, same locality, as P. dominula, parasitoid as unidentified Anacamptomyia Bischof).
description: Published as part of Gudin, Filipe Macedo, 2023, Annotated Catalog of Vespid Hosts (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of Tachinidae (Diptera), with Description of a New Species of Ophirion Townsend from Brazil, pp. 1-25 in Zoological Studies 62 (6) on page 5, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2023.62-06, http://zenodo.org/record/8075254
DEVELOPMENT OF AN OPTIMIZED TECHNOLOGY PLAN FOR PRODUCING DRY EXTRACTS OF SILYBUM (MILK THISTLE) AND GLYCYRRHIZA (LICORICE) ROOT
Creators: name: Akbarov, N.A.
name: Mamatkulov, Z.U.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This thesis explores the development of a comprehensive technology plan aimed at obtaining high-quality dry extracts from Silybum and Glycyrrhiza roots, two botanical sources renowned for their medicinal properties. The proposed technology plan encompasses a systematic approach involving research, experimentation, optimization, and implementation stages.
Asteroids in the High cadence Transient Survey
Creators: name: Peña, J.
name: Fuentes, C.
name: Förster, F.
name: Maureira, J. C.
name: Martín, J. San
name: Littín, J.
name: Huijse, P.
name: Cabrera-Vives, G.
name: Estévez, P. A.
name: Galbany, L.
name: González-Gaitán, S.
name: Martínez, J.
name: de Jaeger, Th.
name: Hamuy, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the serendipitous observations of Solar System objects imaged during the High cadence Transient Survey (HiTS) 2014 observation campaign. Data from this high cadence, wide field survey was originally analyzed for finding variable static sources using Machine Learning to select the most-likely candidates. In this work we search for moving transients consistent with Solar System objects and derive their orbital parameters. We use a simple, custom detection algorithm to link trajectories and assume Keplerian motion to derive the asteroid's orbital parameters. We use known asteroids from the Minor Planet Center (MPC) database to assess the detection efficiency of the survey and our search algorithm. Trajectories have an average of nine detections spread over 2 days, and our fit yields typical errors of $σ_a\sim 0.07 ~{\rm AU}$, $σ_{\rm e} \sim 0.07 $ and $σ_i\sim 0.^{\circ}5~ {\rm deg}$ in semi-major axis, eccentricity, and inclination respectively for known asteroids in our sample. We extract 7,700 orbits from our trajectories, identifying 19 near Earth objects, 6,687 asteroids, 14 Centaurs, and 15 trans-Neptunian objects. This highlights the complementarity of supernova wide field surveys for Solar System research and the significance of machine learning to clean data of false detections. It is a good example of the data--driven science that LSST will deliver.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Low-Energy Limits of Theories With Two Supersymmetries
Creators: name: Polonsky, Nir
name: Su, Shufang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given its non-renormalization properties, low-energy supersymmetry provides an attractive framework for extending the Standard Model and for resolving the hierarchy problem. Models with softly broken N =1 supersymmetry were extensively studied and are phenomenologically successful. However, it could be that an extended N = 2 supersymmetry survives to low energies, as suggested by various constructions. We examine the phenomenological viability and implications of such a scenario. We show that consistent chiral fermion mass generation emerges in N=2 theories, which are vectorial, as a result of supersymmetry breaking at low energies. A rich mirror quark and lepton spectrum near the weak scale with model-dependent decay modes is predicted. A Z_{2} mirror parity is shown to play an important role in determining the phenomenology of the models. It leads, if conserved, to a new stable particle, the LMP. Consistency of the N=2 framework and its unique spectrum with electroweak precision data is considered, and the discovery potential in the next generation of hadron collider experiments is stressed. Mirror quark pair production provides the most promising discovery channel. Higgs searches are also discussed and it is shown that there is no upper bound on the prediction for the Higgs boson mass in the framework of low-energy supersymmetry breaking, in general, and in the N=2 framework, in particular. Possible N = 2 realizations of flavor symmetries and of neutrino masses are also discussed.
description: 40 pages, 1 figure (included), RevTex
Making Ends Meet: String Unification and Low-Energy Data
Creators: name: Dienes, Keith R.
name: Faraggi, Alon E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A long-standing problem in string phenomenology has been the fact that the string unification scale disagrees with the GUT scale obtained by extrapolating low-energy data within the framework of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). In this paper we examine several effects that may modify the minimal string predictions and thereby bring string-scale unification into agreement with low-energy data. These include heavy string threshold corrections, non-standard hypercharge normalizations, light SUSY thresholds, intermediate gauge structure, and thresholds arising from extra matter beyond the MSSM. We explicitly evaluate these contributions within a variety of realistic free-fermionic string models, including the flipped SU(5), SO(6) x SO(4), and various SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1) models, and find that most of these sources do not substantially alter the minimal string predictions. Indeed, we find that the only way to reconcile string unification with low-energy data is through certain types of extra matter. Remarkably, however, many of the realistic string models contain precisely this required matter in their low-energy spectra.
description: 10 pages, standard LaTeX, 1 figure (Encapsulated PostScript), version published in Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 (1995) 2646
Polistes marginalis
Creators: name: Gudin, Filipe Macedo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eumenidae
Polistes
Polistes marginalis

description: Polistes marginalis (Fabr.)
 Roubaud and Villeneuve (1914: 123, record from Austral Africa and Casamance [as Haute-Gambie], Senegal, parasitoid as Anacamptomyia africana Bischof; 128, record from Republic of the Congo [as Congo], parasitoid as Anacamptomyia rufescens (Villeneuve)); Cuthbertson and Munro (1941: 91, record from Pretoria, Transvaal, South Africa, parasitoid as Anacamptomyia pallida (Roubaud and Villeneuve)); Benadé et al. (2014: 222, record from Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa, parasitoid as unidentified Anacamptomyia Bischof); Roets et al. (2019: 927, same locality as Benadé et al. (2014), parasitoid as unidentified Anacamptomyia Bischof).
description: Published as part of Gudin, Filipe Macedo, 2023, Annotated Catalog of Vespid Hosts (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of Tachinidae (Diptera), with Description of a New Species of Ophirion Townsend from Brazil, pp. 1-25 in Zoological Studies 62 (6) on page 5, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2023.62-06, http://zenodo.org/record/8075254
Quantum Hotspots: Mean Fields, Open EFTs, Nonlocality and Decoherence Near Black Holes
Creators: name: Burgess, C. P.
name: Holman, R.
name: Kaplanek, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective theories describing black hole exteriors resemble open quantum systems inasmuch as many unmeasurable degrees of freedom beyond the horizon interact with those we can see. A solvable Caldeira-Leggett type model of a quantum field that mixes with many unmeasured thermal degrees of freedom on a shared surface was proposed in arXiv:2106.09854 to provide a benchmark against which more complete black hole calculations might be compared. We here use this model to test two types of field-theoretic approximation schemes that also lend themselves to describing black hole behaviour: Open EFT techniques (as applied to the fields themselves, rather than Unruh-DeWitt detectors) and mean-field methods. Mean-field methods are of interest because the effective Hamiltonians to which they lead can be nonlocal; a possible source for the nonlocality that is sometimes entertained as being possible for black holes in the near-horizon regime. Open EFTs compute the evolution of the field state, allowing discussion of thermalization and decoherence even when these occur at such late times that perturbative methods fail (as they often do). Applying both of these methods to a solvable system identifies their domains of validity and shows how their predictions relate to more garden-variety perturbative tools.
description: 31 pages + appendices, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of Robots for surgeons? Surgeons for robots? Exploring the acceptance of robotic surgery in the light of attitudes and trust in robots
Creators: name: Szabó, Balázs
name: Őrsi, Balázs
name: Csukonyi, Csilla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Quantum generation of Schwarzschild-de Sitter (Nariai) black holes in effective dilaton-Maxwell gravity
Creators: name: Bytsenko, Andrei A.
name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dilaton coupled electromagnetic field is essential element of low-energy string effective action or it may be considered as result of spherical compactification of Maxwell theory in higher dimensions. The large $N$ and large curvature effective action for $N$ dilaton coupled vectors is calculated. Adding such quantum correction to classical dilaton gravity action we show that effective dilaton-Maxwell gravity under consideration may generate Schwarzschild-de Sitter black holes (SdS BHs) with constant dilaton as solutions of the theory. That suggests a mechanism (alternative to BHs production) for quantum generation of SdS BHs in early universe (actually, for quantum creation of inflationary Universe) due to back-reaction of dilaton coupled matter. The possibility of proliferation of anti-de Sitter space is briefly discussed.
description: LaTeX file, 11 pages
Resolving the $ϕ_2$ ($α$) ambiguity in $B \to ρρ$
Creators: name: Dalseno, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I propose an alternative method for measuring the $CP$ violating phase $ϕ_2$ ($α$) without ambiguity in an extended SU(2) isospin triangle analysis, which can ultimately be achieved by exploiting interference effects between $B^0 \to ρ^0 ρ^0$ and $B^0 \to a_1^\pm π^\mp$ in a time-dependent flavour-tagged amplitude analysis. Under certain assumptions on the effective $ϕ_2$ in each channel, I demonstrate with an idealised amplitude model that potential deviations in the measured $ϕ_2$ due to penguin contamination in $B^0 \to a_1^\pm π^\mp$ are sufficiently large within current experimental uncertainties that this programme could be executed with Run 3 data at LHCb and easily at Belle II.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, replaced with journal version
Supersymmetric Effects on Isospin Symmetry Breaking and Direct CP Violation in $B \to ργ$
Creators: name: Ali, A.
name: Handoko, L. T.
name: London, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that one can search for physics beyond the standard model through measurements of the isospin-violating quantity $Δ^{-0} \equiv Γ(B^- \to ρ^- γ)/2Γ(B^0 \to ρ^0 γ)-1$, its charge conjugate $Δ^{+0}$, and direct CP violation in the partial decay rates of $B^\pm \to ρ^\pm γ$. We illustrate this by working out theoretical profiles of the charge-conjugate averaged ratio $Δ\equiv {1 \over 2}(Δ^{+0} +Δ^{-0})$ and the CP asymmetry $A_{CP}(B^\pm \to ρ^\pm γ)$ in the standard model and in some variants of the minimal supersymmetric standard model. We find that chargino contributions in the large $\tan β$ region may modify the magnitudes and flip the signs of $Δ$ and $A_{CP}(B^\pm \to ρ^\pm γ)$ compared to their standard-model values, providing an unmistakeable signature of supersymmetry.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures (requires graphicx)
NLO correction to one-particle inclusive production at high energies
Creators: name: Ostrovsky, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Next-to-leading order correction to the one-particle inclusive cross section in the framework of high energy factorization is calculated. Numerical results for midrapidity region are compared with predictions of conventional calculations based on collinear factorization.
description: 21 pages, 4 eps figures
Release of N-containing compounds during pyrolysis of milk/dairy processing sludge – Experimental results and comparison of measurement techniques
Creators: name: Kwapinska, Marzena
name: Sommersacher, Peter
name: Kienzl, Norbert
name: Retschitzegger, Stefan
name: Lagler, Jacqueline
name: Horvat, Alen
name: LEAHY, JAMES J
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: A dried dairy processing sludge (sludge from wastewater treatment of an effluent from a milk processing plant) was pyrolysed in a single-particle reactor at different temperatures from 400 ◦C to 900 ◦C. NH3 and HCN were measured online and offline by means of FTIR as well as by cumulative sampling in impinger bottles (in 0.05 M H2SO4 and 1 M NaOH, respectively) and analysed by photometric method. NO and NO2 were measured online using a nitric oxide analyser while N2O was measured by FTIR. Nitrogen (N) in the sludge and in the remaining char, char-N, was determined. Moreover, tar content in pyrolysis gas was measured and tar-N was determined. The results with respect to N mass balance closure are discussed. The different measurements techniques are compared. For pyrolysis at 520 ℃ and 700 ℃ nitrogen in the gas phase was mainly contained as N2 (36 % and 40 % respectively), followed by NH3 (15 % and 18 %), tar-N (10 % and 9 %), HCN (1 % and 3 %), NO (1 %) and NO2 (0.2 %). The dairy processing sludge has very specific properties with organic-N present predominantly as proteins and a high content of inherent Ca. These characteristics affected the distribution of N. The amount of char-N was higher while the amount of tar-N lower than for sewage sludge from literature, at comparable pyrolysis temperature.