cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chiral Dirac fermion in a collinear antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Zhang, Ao
name: Deng, Ke
name: Sheng, Jieming
name: Liu, Pengfei
name: Kumar, Shiv
name: Shimada, Kenya
name: Jiang, Zhicheng
name: Liu, Zhengtai
name: Shen, Dawei
name: Li, Jiayu
name: Ren, Jun
name: Wang, Le
name: Zhou, Liang
name: Ishikawa, Yoshihisa
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: McIntyre, Garry
name: Yu, Dehong
name: Liu, Enke
name: Wu, Liusuo
name: Chen, Chaoyu
name: Liu, Qihang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a Dirac semimetal, the massless Dirac fermion has zero chirality, leading to surface states connected adiabatically to a topologically trivial surface state as well as vanishing anomalous Hall effect (AHE). Recently, it is predicted that in the nonrelativistic limit of certain collinear antiferromagnets, there exists a type of chiral Dirac-like fermion, whose dispersion manifests four-fold degenerate crossing points formed by spin-degenerate linear bands, with topologically protected Fermi arcs. Such unconventional chiral fermion, protected by a hidden SU(2) symmetry in the hierarchy of an enhanced crystallographic group, namely spin space group, is not experimentally verified yet. Here, by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements, we reveal the surface origin of the electron pocket at the Fermi surface in collinear antiferromagnet CoNb3S6. Combining with neutron diffraction and first-principles calculations, we suggest a multidomain collinear AFM configuration, rendering the the existence of the Fermi-arc surface states induced by chiral Dirac-like fermions. Our work provides spectral evidence of the chiral Dirac-like fermion caused by particular spin symmetry in CoNb3S6, paving an avenue for exploring new emergent phenomena in antiferromagnets with unconventional quasiparticle excitations.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Day of Archaeology at the National Museum of Archaeology, Portugal
Creators: name: Barroso, Carla
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
The Role of Idleness in Bildung. A Schelerian View
Creators: name: Averchi, Michele
Publisher: name: Thaumàzein | Rivista di Filosofia
Year: 2016
Subjects: Idleness; Education; Work

description: Contemporary society has mostly a negative view of idleness. Scheler provides insights for an alternative view, in which idleness plays a central role in our being and becoming human (Bildung). Scheler’s view is philosophically original, and not just a return to the traditional Aristotelian discourse on contemplation.
description: Thaumàzein | Rivista di Filosofia, Vol 3 (2015): Max Scheler and the Emotional Turn
Electroluminescence as a probe of strong exciton-plasmon coupling in few-layer WSe2
Creators: name: Zhu, Yunxuan
name: Yang, Jiawei
name: Abad-Arredondo, Jaime
name: Fernández-Domínguez, Antonio I.
name: Garcia-Vidal, Francisco J.
name: Natelson, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The manipulation of coupled quantum excitations is of fundamental importance in realizing novel photonic and optoelectronic devices. We use electroluminescence to probe plasmon-exciton coupling in hybrid structures consisting of a nanoscale plasmonic tunnel junction and few-layer two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenide transferred onto the junction. The resulting hybrid states act as a novel dielectric environment that affects the radiative recombination of hot carriers in the plasmonic nanostructure. We determine the plexcitonic spectrum from the electroluminescence and find Rabi splittings exceeding 50 meV in strong coupling regime. Our experimental findings are supported by electromagnetic simulations that enable us to explore systematically, and in detail, the emergence of plexciton polaritons as well as the polarization characteristics of their far-field emission. Electroluminescence modulated by plexciton coupling provides potential applications for engineering compact photonic devices with tunable optical and electrical properties.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures, plus supplementary information (24 pages, 14 figures)
The intracluster light on Frontier Fields clusters Abell 370 and Abell S1063
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Nícolas O. L.
name: Jiménez-Teja, Yolanda
name: Dupke, Renato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyzed the contribution of the intracluster light (ICL) to the total luminosity of two massive galaxy clusters observed by the Hubble Space Telescope within the Frontier Fields program, Abell 370 (z ~ 0.375) and Abell S1063 (z ~ 0.348), in order to correlate it with the dynamical stage of these systems.We applied an algorithm based on the Chebyshev-Fourier functions called CICLE, specially developed to disentangle the ICL from the light of galaxies and measure the ICL fraction. We measured the ICL fraction in three broadband optical filters, F435W, F606W, and F814W, without assuming any prior hypothesis about the ICL physical properties or morphology. The results obtained from the ICL fraction vary between ~7% - 25%, and ~3% - 22% for both A370 and AS1063, respectively, which are consistent with theoretical predictions for the total amount of ICL obtained by ICL formation and evolution simulations.We found enhanced ICL fractions in the intermediate filter F606W for both clusters and we suggest that this is due to the presence of an excess of younger/lower-metallicity stars in the ICL compared to the cluster galaxies. We conclude that both Abell 370 and Abell S1063 are merging systems since they exhibit a similar feature as merging CLASH and Frontier Fields clusters sub-sample previously analyzed. We compare these results to the dynamical indicators obtained through different methods and we reinforce the use of ICL as a new and independent method to determine the dynamical state of clusters of galaxies.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Using Wave-Packet Interferometry to Monitor the External Vibrational Control of Electronic Excitation Transfer
Creators: name: Biggs, Jason D.
name: Cina, Jeffrey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the control of electronic energy transfer in molecular dimers through the preparation of specific vibrational coherences prior to electronic excitation, and its observation by nonlinear wave-packet interferometry. Laser-driven coherent nuclear motion can affect the instantaneous resonance between site-excited electronic states and thereby influence short-time electronic excitation transfer (EET). We first illustrate this control mechanism with calculations on a dimer whose constituent monomers undergo harmonic vibrations. We then consider the use of nonlinear wave-packet interferometry (nl-WPI) experiments to monitor the nuclear dynamics accompanying EET in general dimer complexes following impulsive vibrational excitation by a sub-resonant control pulse (or control pulse sequence). In measurements of this kind, two pairs of polarized phase-related femtosecond pulses following the control pulse generate superpositions of coherent nuclear wave packets in optically accessible electronic states. Interference contributions to the time- and frequency-integrated fluorescence signal due to overlaps among the superposed wave packets provide amplitude-level information on the nuclear and electronic dynamics. We derive the basic expression for a control-pulse-dependent nl-WPI signal. The electronic transition moments of the constituent monomers are assumed to have a fixed relative orientation, while the overall orientation of the complex is distributed isotropically. We include the limiting case of coincident arrival by pulses within each phase-related pair in which control-influenced nl-WPI reduces to a fluorescence-detected pump-probe difference experiment. Numerical calculations of pump-probe signals based on these theoretical expressions are presented in the following paper.
Schelers Anthropologie in der zeitgenössischen Kritik
Creators: name: Henckmann, Wolfhart
Publisher: name: Thaumàzein | Rivista di Filosofia
Year: 2016
Subjects: Max Scheler; Anthropology; Peter Wust; Max Horkheimer

description: Max Scheler died three month before his brochure on Man’s Place in the Cosmos (1928) was published – a fragment of Scheler’s many times announced but never accomplished fundamental work on philosophic anthropology. My paper focuses on the discussion of his anthropology before, after World War II, he was installed as a member of the outstanding triumvirate of 20th century philosophic anthropology (Scheler-Plessner-Gehlen).
The first part of my paper gives a panoramic view over the diversity of necrological accounts of Scheler’s anthropology which he finally had declared to be the very core of his philosophy. The second and third part inform about the detailed comments on Scheler’s anthropology given from a decidedly Christian standpoint by Peter Wust (1929) and from the standpoint of the early Frankfurt School given by Max Horkheimer (1935).
description: Thaumàzein | Rivista di Filosofia, Vol 3 (2015): Max Scheler and the Emotional Turn
Optical Kerr nonlinearity of dielectric nanohole array metasurfaces with different hole shapes near the anapole state
Creators: name: Panov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At present, optical anapole resonances in nanostructures have attracted increasing attention due to the strong field confinement and substantially suppressed scattering. This study provides the results of three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations exhibiting the possibility of the anapole state in high refractive index dielectric nanohole array metasurfaces having different profiles of the holes (square, hexagon, and octagon). Behavior of the effective optical Kerr nonlinearity of the metasurfaces in the vicinity of the anapole state is investigated. Depending on the geometry, the absolute value of the effective nonlinear Kerr coefficient of the metasurface may be up to three orders of magnitude greater than that of the unstructured film. A square transverse section of the nanohole is preferable for the optical Kerr effect in the holey metasurfaces. The effect of the random rotation of the square holes representing the metasurface irregularity on the optical nonlinearity is examined. As a result, the dielectric nanohole array metasurfaces display a concrete possibility to have the anapole state with large enhancement of the optical nonlinearity.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Determination of exogenous-prohibited flavour compounds added in coffee using gas chromatography triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Wang, Yujiao
name: Liu, Tong
name: Chen, Fengming
name: Wang, Xiujuan
name: Zhang, Feng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: An analytical method based on gas chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of exogenous prohibited flavour compounds in coffee samples. In addition, gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC/C/IRMS) was developed to determine the origin of the founded prohibited flavour compound, N-methylpyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde (NMPCA). The good selectivity and sensitivity achieved in multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) mode allowed satisfactory confirmation and quantitation for the flavour compounds. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantitation (LOQs) of these compounds were in the range of 0.0005–5.0 µg/kg and 0.002–16.0 µg/kg, respectively. The coffee samples were extracted with simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) and NMPCA was analysed on a GC/C/IRMS system. The δ13C values of endogenous NMPCA in coffee beans were within a range of −35.0‰ to −31.1‰, whereas exogenous NMPCA was the range from −27.9‰ to −23.9‰. The validation results revealed that the GC-MS/MS method was sensitive and reliable, and the origin of NMPCA can be distinguished by GC/C/IRMS. Finally, this method was successfully applied to coffee samples analysis and NMPCA was found in coffee samples.
On the parity conjecture for Hilbert schemes of points on threefolds
Creators: name: Ramkumar, Ritvik
name: Sammartano, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C05, 13D07, 13P10

description: Let $Hilb^d(A^3)$ be the Hilbert scheme of $d$ points in $A^3$, and let $T_z$ denote the tangent space to a point $z \in Hilb^d(A^3)$. Okounkov and Pandharipande have conjectured that $\dim T_z$ and $d$ have the same parity for every $z$. For points $z$ parametrizing monomial ideals, the conjecture was proved by Maulik, Nekrasov, Okounkov, and Pandharipande. In this paper, we settle the conjecture for points $z$ parametrizing homogeneous ideals. In fact, we state a generalization of the conjecture to Quot schemes of $A^3$, and we prove it for points parametrizing graded modules.
description: Final version. To appear on The Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Classe di Scienze
Radiocarbon dating: the science that helps archaeologists time travel
Creators: name: Monks, Carly
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Thermodynamic and hydrodynamic characteristics of interacting system formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Zhang, Xu-Hong
name: Wang, Hao-Ning
name: Liu, Fu-Hu
name: Olimov, Khusniddin K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To study the energy-dependent characteristics of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic parameters, based on the framework of a multi-source thermal model, we analyze the soft transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) spectra of the charged particles ($π^{-}$, $π^{+}$, $K^{-}$, $K^{+}$, $\bar{p}$, and $p$) produced in gold-gold (Au-Au) collisions at the center-of-mass energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=7.7$, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV from the STAR Collaboration and in lead-lead (Pb-Pb) collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ and 5.02 TeV from the ALICE Collaboration. In the rest framework of emission source, the probability density function obeyed by meson momenta satisfies the Bose-Einstein distribution, and that obeyed by baryon momenta satisfies the Fermi-Dirac distribution. To simulate the $p_{T}$ of the charged particles, the kinetic freeze-out temperature $T$ and transverse expansion velocity $β_{T}$ of emission source are introduced into the relativistic ideal gas model. Our results, based on the Monte Carlo method for numerical calculation, show a good agreement with the experimental data. The excitation functions of thermodynamic parameter $T$ and hydrodynamic parameter $β_{T}$ are then obtained from the analyses, which shows an increase tendency from 7.7 GeV to 5.02 TeV in collisions with different centralities.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. International Journal of Modern Physics E, accepted
Lifting the lid on period poverty in higher education: a student engagement perspective
Creators: name: Ennis, Ambar
name: Donovan-Hall, Laura
name: Standing, Kay
name: Mistry, Virendra
Publisher: name: Innovations in Practice
Year: 2021

description: In 2018/19, Liverpool John Moores University became the first university in England to offer free menstrual products on campus. This paper shares insights from the project – called The Free Period – which was established to tackle period poverty, or menstrual hygiene management (MHM). The authors reflect on student engagement as a significant proportion of menstruators had missed classes owing to period poverty. The paper highlights the need for better dialogue and communication to: improve data; tackle stigma and taboos; and cultivate healthier relationships on campus.
description: Innovations in Practice, Vol 14 No 1 (2020)
Learning Together: forging belonging among students with experience of the criminal justice system
Creators: name: Gosling, Helena
name: Burke, Lol
name: Maclennan, Sarah
Publisher: name: Innovations in Practice
Year: 2021

description: The Learning Together methodology at Liverpool John Moores University attempts to open up higher education for people with criminal convictions. Applied in a criminal justice course, Learning Together aims to create a safe space for criminal justice academics, students, service users and practitioners to come together and form a unique community of practice whereby scholarly activity, life events and professional experience are recognised, applied and practiced within and beyond the classroom. As the initiative has grown and developed, course co-creators have recognised how community engagement as a pedagogical framework holds the ability to reduce cultural distance between academic researchers and the communities in which they work whilst at the same time enriching learning and strengthening communities. This paper provides an insight into the initiative and reflects on how belonging can be embedded via a connected curriculum framework.
description: Innovations in Practice, Vol 14 No 1 (2020)
Day of Archaeology 2015 at "Todos Santos (Cuenca, Ecuador)
Creators: name: Carretero, Pedro
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Understanding viscoelastic flow instabilities: Oldroyd-B and beyond
Creators: name: Sanchez, Hugo A. Castillo
name: Jovanovic, Mihailo R.
name: Kumar, Satish
name: Morozov, Alexander
name: Shankar, V.
name: Subramanian, Ganesh
name: Wilson, Helen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Oldroyd-B model has been used extensively to predict a host of instabilities in shearing flows of viscoelastic fluids, often realized experimentally using polymer solutions. The present review, written on the occasion of the birth centenary of James Oldroyd, provides an overview of instabilities found across major classes of shearing flows. These comprise (i) the canonical rectilinear shearing flows including plane Couette, plane and pipe Poiseuille flows; (ii) viscometric shearing flows with curved streamlines such as those in the Taylor-Couette, cone-and-plate and parallel-plate geometries; (iii) non-viscometric shearing flows with an underlying extensional flow topology such as the flow in a cross-slot device; and (iv) multilayer shearing flows. While the underlying focus in all these cases is on results obtained using the Oldroyd-B model, we also discuss their relation to the actual instability, and as to how the shortcomings of the Oldroyd-B model may be overcome by the use of more realistic constitutive models. All the three commonly used tools of stability analysis, viz., modal linear stability, nonmodal stability, and weakly nonlinear stability analyses are discussed, with supporting evidence from experiments and numerical simulations as appropriate. Despite only accounting for a shear-rate-independent viscosity and first normal stress coefficient, the Oldroyd-B model is able to qualitatively predict the majority of instabilities in the aforementioned shearing flows. The review also highlights, where appropriate, open questions in the area of viscoelastic stability.
description: Invited review article for the special issue of JNNFM commemorating the birth centenary of James Oldroyd
EOSC Beyond D3.1 Exploitation, Dissemination and Communication Plan v.1.0
Creators: name: González Ferreiro, Montserrat
name: Federico, Drago
name: Elisa, Cauhé
name: Pavlidou, Androniki
name: Dolinar, Maja
name: Krauss, Franziska
name: Príncipe, Pedro
name: Vieira, André
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The document serves three purposes. First, it describes the proposed Innovation Management System and its implementation plan. This will enable and support the development of activities related to the management of Intellectual Property, project results, exploitation and sustainability of Key Exploitable Results, as well as project impact. The second purpose is to provide an overview of the project's communication and dissemination activities, as well as a plan for executing them. Lastly, it outlines and plans activities for promoting the services, supporting the user community, and coordinating the feedback loop engagement.
Age against the machine: active ageing and guest learning on campus
Creators: name: Terbeck, Sylvia
name: Mistry, Virendra
Publisher: name: Innovations in Practice
Year: 2021

description: This paper offers a brief overview of ‘the guest student’ initiative, established in countries like Germany, and highlights its potential to support those in later life – or the ‘third age’ – in particular. In a nutshell, where the initiative is supported, universities open up selected lectures to the public which they, as ‘guest students’ (Gasthöreren), can apply to attend. The paper considers how UK third age citizens are supported (e.g. through the U3A initiative) and how universities might think about supporting their communities in a post-pandemic world.
description: Innovations in Practice, Vol 14 No 1 (2020)
Disentangled Representation for Causal Mediation Analysis
Creators: name: Xu, Ziqi
name: Cheng, Debo
name: Li, Jiuyong
name: Liu, Jixue
name: Liu, Lin
name: Wang, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimating direct and indirect causal effects from observational data is crucial to understanding the causal mechanisms and predicting the behaviour under different interventions. Causal mediation analysis is a method that is often used to reveal direct and indirect effects. Deep learning shows promise in mediation analysis, but the current methods only assume latent confounders that affect treatment, mediator and outcome simultaneously, and fail to identify different types of latent confounders (e.g., confounders that only affect the mediator or outcome). Furthermore, current methods are based on the sequential ignorability assumption, which is not feasible for dealing with multiple types of latent confounders. This work aims to circumvent the sequential ignorability assumption and applies the piecemeal deconfounding assumption as an alternative. We propose the Disentangled Mediation Analysis Variational AutoEncoder (DMAVAE), which disentangles the representations of latent confounders into three types to accurately estimate the natural direct effect, natural indirect effect and total effect. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms existing methods and has strong generalisation ability. We further apply the method to a real-world dataset to show its potential application.
description: This paper has been accepted by AAAI 2023. Please check: https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i9.26266
What determines the rest frame of bubble nucleation?
Creators: name: Chen, Yilin
name: Vilenkin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the question addressed in recent papers by Garriga et al: What determines the rest frame of pair nucleation in a constant electric field? The conclusion reached in these papers is that pairs are observed to nucleate at rest in the rest frame of the detector which is used to detect the pairs. A similar conclusion should apply to bubble nucleation in a false vacuum. This conclusion however is subject to doubt due to the unphysical nature of the model of a constant eternal electric field that was used by Garriga et al. The number density of pairs in such a field would be infinite at any finite time. Here we address the same question in a more realistic model where the electric field is turned on at a finite time $t_0$ in the past. The process of turning on the field breaks the Lorentz invariance of the model and could in principle influence the frame of pair nucleation. We find however that the conclusion of Garriga et al still holds in the limit $t_0 \to -\infty$. This shows that the setup process of the electric field does not have a lasting effect on the observed rest frame of pair nucleation. {On the other hand, the electric current and charge density due to the pairs are determined by the way in which the electric field was turned on.
University field schools - the best way to gain field experience or maybe not?
Creators: name: Wooldridge, Kevin
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
The game of pentominoes
Creators: name: Kuttner, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A study in game-playing programming is made using the game of pentominoes which has a very large branching factor and where there exists almost no precise, factual information to guide the conduct of the play. The difficulties encountered imply that some apparent advantages of heuristic techniques are more heavily problem-dependent than is usually conceded. A guiding device capable of learning is incorporated which significantly improves the program's play in competition with versions lacking it and shows subjective improvement with human competition.
Casimir interaction between a perfect conductor and graphene described by the Dirac model
Creators: name: Bordag, M.
name: Fialkovsky, I. V.
name: Gitman, D. M.
name: Vassilevich, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We adopt the Dirac model for graphene and calculate the Casimir interaction energy between a plane suspended graphene sample and a parallel plane perfect conductor. This is done in two ways. First, we use the Quantum Field Theory (QFT) approach and evaluate the leading order diagram in a theory with 2+1 dimensional fermions interacting with 3+1 dimensional photons. Next, we consider an effective theory for the electromagnetic field with matching conditions induced by quantum quasi-particles in graphene. The first approach turns out to be the leading order in the coupling constant of the second one. The Casimir interaction for this system appears to be rather weak. It exhibits a strong dependence on the mass of the quasi-particles in graphene.
description: 5pp, v2: improved version, to appear in PRB
Effective implementation of $l_0$-Regularised Compressed Sensing with Chaotic-Amplitude-Controlled Coherent Ising Machines
Creators: name: Gunathilaka, Mastiyage Don Sudeera Hasaranga
name: Kako, Satoshi
name: Inui, Yoshitaka
name: Mimura, Kazushi
name: Okada, Masato
name: Yamamoto, Yoshihisa
name: Aonishi, Toru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent Ising Machine (CIM) is a network of optical parametric oscillators that can solve large-scale combinatorial optimisation problems by finding the ground state of an Ising Hamiltonian. As a practical application of CIM, Aonishi et al., proposed a quantum-classical hybrid system to solve optimisation problems of $l_0$-regularisation-based compressed sensing. In the hybrid system, the CIM was an open-loop system without an amplitude control feedback loop. In this case, the hybrid system is enhanced by using a closed-loop CIM to achieve chaotic behaviour around the target amplitude, which would enable escaping from local minima in the energy landscape. Both artificial and magnetic resonance image data were used for the testing of our proposed closed-loop system. Compared with the open-loop system, the results of this study demonstrate an improved degree of accuracy and a wider range of effectiveness.
description: 35 pages, 12 figures
Examining the Impact of Molten Plastic Variation on the Strength of Interlocking Bricks Using Response Surface Methodology
Creators: name: Daniel, Carter
name: Priya, Singh
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Variation, Interlocking Brick, Response, Compressive, Aggregates

description: This studied investigate the variation of molten plastic on the strength of plastic interlocking brick using response surface method and ANSYS FEM software. plastics, being one of the most commonly generated waste in today's culture and also one of the most easily recyclable materials that may be able to replace traditional clay and sand bricks Plastics interlocking brick s tests include compressive strength tests, in which the brick specimen is placed in a bricks testing machine that gradually increases the load until the specimen's resistance to the growing pressure breaks down and it can no longer tolerate any further strain. This increased from 10.5N/mm2 to 14.0N/mm2 by volume after 7days with a control specimen of M1. The maximum increase in flexural strength test for M5 and M6 was in order of 6.4N/mm2 and 7.1N/mm 2 respectively.
I hear dead people
Creators: name: Graham, Shawn
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
A philosophical study of the value of mathematical knowledge and the place of mathematics on the curriculum
Creators: name: Thompson, MD
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In basing the school curriculum on the view that some value can be attributed to knowledge most arguments have centred on either the contingent consequences of studying particular disciplines, the claim that knowledge can be differentiated into distinct forms and that all students should be introduced to them, or the claim that some knowledge can be valued for its own sake or for its power in developing the mind. In the case of mathematics common justifications given for teaching it are that it is useful, that it promotes intellectual development or that it is intrinsically worthwhile. But a recent view argues that some knowledge is valuable because it provides people with such an understanding that allows them to reflect on questions concerning the nature and meaning of life and to be in a position to best determine what they will do with their lives. The role that mathematics plays here is investigated by an examination of the nature and foundations of mathematical knowledge. Dominant views on mathematics have nearly all stressed its a priori nature but they all have serious objections to them. By a comparison with views on the nature of scientific change a recent view on the nature of mathematical knowledge has been articulated that describes it to be in a process of evolution. At any particular time there exists a mathematical practice which consists of a language component, a metamathematical view component, and sets of accepted reasonings, questions and statements. The mathematical practice of today has evolved from a set of beliefs about simple manipulations of physical objects and consists of idealized ways of operating on the world. It is concluded that while all students should be introduced to the minimal mathematical language that is useful to everyone they should also come to understand the cultural significances of mathematics as it has evolved through man's attempts to solve problems within his environment. This comes through a study of the influences that mathematics has had on different cultures and the way that man has looked to mathematics as providing a method of solution to problems within his culture. Unlike earlier justifications given for teaching mathematics the justification based on the cultural significances of mathematics centres on all five components of the mathematical practice of tae day and provides important considerations for the structure and presentation of mathematics courses in schools.
Limited Query Graph Connectivity Test
Creators: name: Guo, Mingyu
name: Li, Jialiang
name: Neumann, Aneta
name: Neumann, Frank
name: Nguyen, Hung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a combinatorial optimisation model called Limited Query Graph Connectivity Test. We consider a graph whose edges have two possible states (On/Off). The edges' states are hidden initially. We could query an edge to reveal its state. Given a source s and a destination t, we aim to test s-t connectivity by identifying either a path (consisting of only On edges) or a cut (consisting of only Off edges). We are limited to B queries, after which we stop regardless of whether graph connectivity is established. We aim to design a query policy that minimizes the expected number of queries.
 Our model is mainly motivated by a cyber security use case where we need to establish whether an attack path exists in a network, between a source and a destination. Edge query is resolved by manual effort from the IT admin, which is the motivation behind query minimization.
 Our model is highly related to monotone Stochastic Boolean Function Evaluation (SBFE). There are two existing exact algorithms for SBFE that are prohibitively expensive. We propose a significantly more scalable exact algorithm. While previous exact algorithms only scale for trivial graphs (i.e., past works experimented on at most 20 edges), we empirically demonstrate that our algorithm is scalable for a wide range of much larger practical graphs (i.e., Windows domain network graphs with tens of thousands of edges).
 We propose three heuristics. Our best-performing heuristic is via reducing the search horizon of the exact algorithm. The other two are via reinforcement learning (RL) and Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS). We also derive an anytime algorithm for computing the performance lower bound. Experimentally, we show that all our heuristics are near optimal. The exact algorithm based heuristic outperforms all, surpassing RL, MCTS and 8 existing heuristics ported from SBFE and related literature.
Educating Ruins
Creators: name: Barker, Craig
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
A certain puzzle
Creators: name: Baldwin, Garth
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2015

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
The nutritional values of papaya and the challenging role of yoga practices for weight loss in a society of Mumbai
Creators: name: Islam, Mazahirul
name: Koty, AFRAIM
name: sharma, Mukul
Publisher: name: Scopus
Year: 2023
Subjects: Weight loss with yoga and Papaya

description: ntroduction: Obesity is a Curse in our society. It has caused one of the major fatalities in the world. Papaya belongs to the giant herbaceous small family Caricaceae. It originated in the historical era of Meso-America, which is currently known as southern Mexico and Central America. In India, it came from the Caribbean through the Spanish explorers around 1550 AD. The nutritional value of the papaya provides an amazing result for weight loss. Yoga is mentioned in several oldest Hindu religious books, such as Rig Veda in Sanskrit. Yoga has been described in Upanishads as well by our Rishis and Monies since ancient times. Therefore, researchers have traced these yogic practices such as asanas to over a thousand years ago. Yoga asanas have benefited in several ways to reduce the weight among the obese. Yoga along with low-calorie fruits such as papaya uniquely reduces BMI. Obesity is a major concern not only in India but also causing severe damage to society and overall health issues all across the rich and the developed world. Method: We selected a large society with a yoga club in a suburb of Mumbai, Andheri having 189 active members of different ages of 16 to 59 years old male and female with a rich background. We identified 95 obese members with a high BMI. We have conducted a small conference on the values of yoga and the nutritional value of Papaya in the club. We performed a BMI and lung function test after the post-corona period from 15th July 2021 to 20th June 2022 for 11 months. The selection of 75 members was performed prudently with their consent. Result: The addition of papaya and regular Yoga Asanas at least thrice per week till 11 months post BMI result was amazing. Conclusion: The use of papaya and regular use of Yoga yields a powerful message as a concomitant therapy for our medical community and will help to reduce obesity as an alternative therapy.
«Schöpfung des Geistes in die wolkenhafte Materie der Empfindung». Schelers Theorie von der Sublimierung des Lebens
Creators: name: Sepp, Hans Rainer
Publisher: name: Thaumàzein | Rivista di Filosofia
Year: 2016
Subjects: Sublimation of Life; Spirit and Life; Max Scheler

description: Scheler’s understanding of the sublimation of life can explain his theory of the spirit as setting free from the vital sphere. Regarding his reflections on sublimation, in his edited works one can find only some remarks dotted about here and there, though the conception of sublimation does not only oppose to the naturalisation of mind but is also linked with further central moments of Scheler’s philosophy: with basic elements of his metaphysics, his theory of compensating cultural differences, and, above all, the relation of life and spirit in itself. The aim of this article is to bring Scheler’s scattered remarks on sublimation into a systematic connection. The leading point of view of such systematization is marked by the question about the relevance of the topic of sublimation for the whole conception of Scheler’s thinking. In this way, the explanation of the systematic place of sublimation in Scheler’s philosophy is able to demonstrate the systematic coherence of his work itself. Thus the central question is how, and to what extent, the theory of sublimation can unveil the specific relationship of spirit and life.
description: Thaumàzein | Rivista di Filosofia, Vol 3 (2015): Max Scheler and the Emotional Turn