Koppe Deeleman-Reinhold 2001, gen. n.
Creators: name: Deeleman-Reinhold, Christa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Liocranidae
Koppe

description: Genus <i>Koppe</i> gen. n. Type species.— Koppe montana sp. n. <i>Described species.— K. montana</i> sp. n., &amp;male; &amp;female;, W Java; <i>K</i>. minuta sp. n., &amp;male; &amp;female;, N Sumatra and W Java; K. <i>kinabalensis</i> sp. n., <i>&amp;male;</i> &amp;female;, Borneo, Mt, Kinabalu; <i>K. princeps</i> sp. n., &amp;male; &amp;female;, N Sulawesi; <i>K. baerti</i> sp. n.. &amp;male; &amp;female;, N Sulawesi; <i>K. no</i> sp. n.. &amp;male; &amp;female;. C Sulawesi; <i>K. calciphila</i> sp. n., &amp;male; &amp;female;. SW Sulawesi; K. kuntneri sp. n.. &amp;male; &amp;female;, Ceram island; <i>K. doleschalli</i> sp. n., &amp;male; &amp;female;, A mbon; <i>K. sumba</i> sp. n., &amp;male; &amp;female;, Sumba Island. The species are described in geographic order. <i>Species described</i> in <i>other genera.— Medinassa annata</i> Simon, 1896: 4 1 5, no figures (&amp;female; Sri Lanka) was incorrectly placed in <i>Medmassa</i> and is here moved to <i>Koppe. Oedignatha radiata Thorell</i> probably belongs in <i>Koppe.</i> Thorell (1881: 210, and 1897; 199, no figures) emphasises that the carapace is shiny and has undulating margins and the clypeal boss is lacking. <i>Scotinella tinikitkita</i> Barrion and Litsinger 1995: 178, fig. 102 (<i>&amp;female;</i>, Luzon, Quezon Pro v.. Llavac Village) belongs in <i>Koppe,</i> <i>Unidentified specimens</i> (map 21): Loc. 1: prope <i>K</i>. <i>no,</i> Java, 1 &amp;female;, Gua (cave) Keskindo, 2.vi. 1994, Beron and Beshkov, NMNHS. Loc. 2: prope <i>K</i>, <i>montana</i>, Bali, rainforest in Nat. Park W Bali and in Central Bali, <i>&amp;male;</i> &amp;female;, 31/ 2 mm. Loc, 3: Philippines, Luzon, Quezon Nat. Park, 1 <i>&amp;male;</i> 2 &amp;female;, 6 mm. Loc. 4: cf. <i>K. tinikitkita</i>, Philippines, Luzon, Quezon Nat. Park &amp;female;, 2 1/ 2 mm. Loc. 5: Philippines, Mindanao, Mt. <i>Apo</i>, <i>&amp;male;</i> &amp;female;, 2 1/ 2 mm. Loc. 6: Philippines, Mindanao, Mt. <i>Apo</i>, 2 &amp;female; 4 1/ 2 mm. Loc. 7: Queensland, 1 <i>&amp;male;</i>, Kuranda, garden, in pitfall trap, x.1997 Loc. 8: Aru Islands I, Wokan, 1 &amp;female; 2 1/2 <i>min</i>, primary forest on limestone, 22.viii.1991, and 1 <i>&amp;female;</i>, Kola <i>island</i>, <i>Wafan</i>, <i>secondary</i> forest on limestone, 27.viii.1991, D. Agosti (<i>MHNG</i>). Loc. 9: Aru Islands II, 1 &amp;female;, 4 1/ 2 mm. Kola island, Wafan, secondary forest on limestone, 27.viii. 1991. and 1 <i>&amp;male;</i>. Tanimhar Islands, Yamdena island, 18.ix.1991, D. Agosti (MHNG), Old <i>material studied</i>.— <i>K. armata</i> (Simon) in the Simon collection. <i>Diagnosis</i>.— <i>Koppe</i> species can be distinguished from other Southeast Asian corinnid s by the distally constricted cymbium and the presence <i>of</i> a flat embolar plate in the male palp and in the epigyne by having a membranous or partly chitinized flap posteriorly lying over the window. Characteristic <i>of Koppe</i> are the enlarged intercoxal discs (figs 386, 416), infringing on the carapace and giving its margins an undulating appearance. On the ventral surface of the anterior tibiae and metatarsi are serial pairs of strong spines, <i>Koppe</i> species are related to <i>Oedignatha</i> and share the massive chelicerae with anterior spine and basic structure of genital organs. They are distinct from <i>Oedignatha</i> by the more feeble or absent clypeal protrusion, the smooth, thin-walled carapace which is pale to chestnut brown with a vague pattern of radiating streaks, furthermore by the spineless femora (exception: <i>K. armata)</i> and the absence of hairbrush at the base of the posterior lateral spinnerets. <i>Koppe</i> has been confused also with <i>Medmassa:</i> the latter is a castianeirine. <i>Description</i>.— Small to medium (2 1 4-5 mm), reddish- or yellowish brown spiders with smooth carapace marked with dark radiating lines and spots. AME larger than other eyes, about equal to width of clypeus. Chilum triangular, rebordered (fig. 376), fused with clypeus. Thoracic groove distinct, as in <i>Oedignatha.</i> Eye rows both procurved, AER slightly shorter than PER, AME often larger than other eyes. Chelicerae with 3 strong teeth on the promargin, 5-6 smaller on the retromargin with distal most near fang base; one spine on anterior surface, as in Phrurolithus and <i>Otacilia.</i> Carapace connecte d with sternum by chitin strips between the coxae and enditcs. A flat round intercoxal disc each between coxae I and II, II and III and III and IV infringing into the carapace border and giving it a lobed appearance. A large retrocoxal w indow present. Anterior tibiae and metatarsi more or less flattened ventrally. spines very strong, tuberculate at base in most species. Tibial and metatarsal leg spination as in <i>Oedignatha</i>, but posterior legs most often spineless, all femora spineless. Tarsi with thin claw tufts of spatulate hair, tufts of posterior legs denser; claws with 3 teeth. Dorsal and ventral epigastric scutum often thin and leathery. Posterior spinnerets with truncate tip bearing 2 or 3 atypical cylindrical gland spigots which are difficult to see. PMS in female triangular in diameter, with at least 2 such spigots, PL spinnerets with 1-2 mesally (figs 396, 415); in males, posterior spinnerets not small and flattened as in <i>Oedignatha</i> (fig. 414), with spigots as in the female, or smaller. Hairbush at median base of PL spinnerets absent. There are spines ventrally on palpal femora of male, except in males of <i>minuta.</i> Male palpal cym biu m with retro lateral groove, the part distal to alveolus longer and narrower than in <i>Oedignatha</i>, alm ost parallelsided in profile, sometimes constricted, which distinguishes it from palps in <i>Oedignatha</i>. Embolu s arising posteriorly or retrolaterally from a sclerotized embolic plate, separated from tegulum by a suture; embolus filiform, encircling tegulum clockwise in left palp; three-dimensional conspicuous conductor and small membranous tegular apophysis present. Epigyne with posterior window covered by a membranous flap or cover, at the base of which the copulatory openings. Apodemes are visible on the abdominal wall on either side of the vulva (figs 400, 413). Vulva consisting of an anterior cavity ('bursa“) and a posterior spermatheca, usually smaller than bursa, In some species (for instance <i>Koppe no</i> and an undescribed species from Mindanao island) there are wide interspiralling tubes anteriorly running between bursae and spermathecae. in <i>K. baerti</i> both bursae and spermathecae are tubiform and spiralling. <i>Habitat</i>,— Moist evergreen, predomin antly undisturbed rainforest, from sea level up to 1600 m.a.s. in the litter layer; often in ravines. <i>Distribution.</i> — Sri Lanka, Indonesian Archipelago, Philippines, probably New Guinea; not found on the Asian mainland. Collected also in North Queensland (unpublished). The highest diversity is probably found in the eastern Indonesian islands and the Philippines. Most often limited to a small distribution range. <i>Etymology</i>.— <i>Koppe</i> is an old Dutch word for spider, as in “spinnekop”, The gender is feminine.
description: Published as part of <i>Deeleman-Reinhold, Christa, 2001, Forest Spiders of South East Asia With a revision of the sac and ground spiders (Araneae: Clubionidae, Corinnidae, Liocranidae, Gnaphosidae, Prodidomidae and Trochanteriidae)., pp. 276-296 in Forest Spiders of South East Asia With a revision of the sac and ground spiders- Family Liocranidae, Netherlands :Brill Leiden; Boston; Köln</i> on pages 276-278, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1048157