cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Free standing membranes to study the optical properties of anodic TiO2 nanotube layers
Creators: name: Cha, Gihoon
name: Schmuki, Patrik
name: Altomare, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we investigate various optical properties (such as light absorption and reflectance) of anodic TiO2 nanotubes layers directly transferred as self-standing membranes onto quartz substrates. This allows investigation in a transmission geometry which provides significantly more reliable data than measurements on the metallic Ti substrate. Light transmission and reflectance measurements were carried out for layers of thicknesses varying from 1.8 to 50 micrometer, and the layers were investigated in their amorphous and crystalline form. A series of wavelength-dependent light attenuation coefficients are extrapolated and found to match the photocurrent vs. irradiation wavelength behavior. However, a feature specific to anodic nanotubes is that their intrinsic carbon content causes a sub-bandgap response that is proportional to the carbon contamination content in the TiO2 nanotubes. Overall the extracted data provide valuable basis and understanding for the design of photo-electrochemical devices based on TiO2 nanotubes.
Anomalous Crystal Shapes of Topological Crystalline Insulators
Creators: name: Tanaka, Yutaro
name: Zhang, Tiantian
name: Uwaha, Makio
name: Murakami, Shuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding crystal shapes is a fundamental subject in surface science. It is now well studied how chemical bondings determine crystal shapes via dependence of surface energies on surface orientations. Meanwhile, discoveries of topological materials have led us to a new paradigm in surface science, and one can expect that topological surface states may affect surface energies and crystal facets in an unconventional way. Here we show that the surface energy of glide-symmetric topological crystalline insulators (TCI) depends on the surface orientation in a singular way via the parity of the Miller index. This singular surface energy of the TCI affects equilibrium crystal shapes, resulting in emergence of unique crystal facets of the TCI. This singular dependence of the topological surface states is unique to the TCI protected by the glide symmetry in contrast to a TCI protected by a mirror symmetry. In addition, we show that such singular surface states of the TCI protected by the glide symmetries can be realized in KHgSb with first-principles calculations. Our results provide a basis for designs and manipulations of crystal facets by utilizing symmetry and topology.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, and Supplemental Material
Gyrotrons for High-Power Terahertz Science and Technology at FIR UF
Creators: name: Idehara, Toshitaka
name: Sabchevski, Svilen Petrov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present the recent progress in the development of a series of gyrotrons at FIR UF that have opened the road to many novel applications in the high-power Terahertz science and technology. The current status of the research in this actively developing field is illustrated by the most representative examples in which the developed gyrotrons are used as powerful and frequency tunable sources of coherent radiation operating in a CW regime. Among them are high-precision spectroscopic techniques (most notably DNP-NMR, ESR, XDMR, and studies of the hyperfine splitting of the energy levels of positronium), treatment and characterization of advanced materials, new medical technologies.
description: 14 pages, 4 tables, 20 figures, 81 references
A MUSE view on gas inflows to the nuclei of barred galaxies
Creators: name: Kolcu, Tutku
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: galaxies: general
gas kinematics
shock waves

description: Abstract: Gas inflows contribute to the evolution of galaxies in a plethora of ways, e.g., by forming stellar substructures in the nuclear regions, feeding AGN and quenching star formation. In barred galaxies, they occur in straight shocks along the bar, though these straight shocks weaken in the central kpc, leaving the dominant driving mechanism for gas inflows in galactic centres not yet fully understood. Shocks persisting over large regions in the inner kpc could cause gas inflow and should be observable as coherent velocity jumps in the gas kinematic maps. With the aid of integral-field unit observations from MUSE on the VLT — which has a large field of view that maximizes the prospect of finding these coherent structures — we study ionized gas kinematic maps of the centres of ~20 barred galaxies from the Composite Bulges Survey (Erwin et al. 2021) and the TIMER Survey (Gadotti et al. 2019) of nearby galaxies. Using the methodology developed in Kolcu et al. 2023 that involves residual velocity and velocity difference maps, we identify coherent kinematic structures, with the aim to determine the dominant mechanism of inflow in the nuclear regions of galaxies and understand whether this mechanism is analogous to large-scale bar driven inflows. In this presentation, we introduce our methodology and present our findings for galaxies from our sample.
Simple machine-learned interatomic potentials for complex alloys
Creators: name: Byggmästar, Jesper
name: Nordlund, Kai
name: Djurabekova, Flyura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Developing data-driven machine-learning interatomic potentials for materials containing many elements becomes increasingly challenging due to the vast configuration space that must be sampled by the training data. We study the learning rates and achievable accuracy of machine-learning interatomic potentials for many-element alloys with different combinations of descriptors for the local atomic environments. We show that for a five-element alloy system, potentials using simple low-dimensional descriptors can reach meV/atom-accuracy with modestly sized training datasets, significantly outperforming the high-dimensional SOAP descriptor in data efficiency, accuracy, and speed. In particular, we develop a computationally fast machine-learned and tabulated Gaussian approximation potential (tabGAP) for Mo-Nb-Ta-V-W alloys with a combination of two-body, three-body, and a new simple scalar many-body density descriptor based on the embedded atom method.
Artibeus planirostris
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Artibeus
Artibeus planirostris

description: Artibeus planirostris (Spix, 1823). Sim. Vespert. Brasil., p. 66. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Bahia, Salvador. DISTRIBUTION: Colombia and Venezuela, south to N. Argentina and east to E. Brazil. COMMENT: Includes hercules and fallax; see Koopman, 1978:15. It is possible that fallax is the correct name of this biological species (KFK). See also comments under lituratus.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Chiroptera, pp. 111-215 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 152, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352990
$q$th-root non-Hermitian Floquet topological insulators
Creators: name: Zhou, Longwen
name: Bomantara, Raditya Weda
name: Wu, Shenlin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Floquet phases of matter have attracted great attention due to their dynamical and topological nature that are unique to nonequilibrium settings. In this work, we introduce a generic way of taking any integer $q$th-root of the evolution operator $U$ that describes Floquet topological matter. We further apply our $q$th-rooting procedure to obtain $2^n$th- and $3^n$th-root first- and second-order non-Hermitian Floquet topological insulators (FTIs). There, we explicitly demonstrate the presence of multiple edge and corner modes at fractional quasienergies $\pm(0,1,...2^{n})π/2^{n}$ and $\pm(0,1,...,3^{n})π/3^{n}$, whose numbers are highly controllable and capturable by the topological invariants of their parent systems. Notably, we observe non-Hermiticity induced fractional-quasienergy corner modes and the coexistence of non-Hermitian skin effect with fractional-quasienergy edge states. Our findings thus establish a framework of constructing an intriguing class of topological matter in Floquet open systems.
description: Accepted version
Artibeus toltecus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Artibeus
Artibeus toltecus

description: Artibeus toltecus (Saussure, 1860). Rev. Mag. Zool. Paris, ser. 2, 12: 427. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Veracruz, Mirador. DISTRIBUTION: Panama to Nuevo Leon and Sinaloa (Mexico). COMMENT: Not a subspecies of cinereus; see Jones and Carter, 1976:27. Revised by Davis, 1969, Southwest. Nat., 14:15-29. Does not include ravus (KFK). ISIS NUMBER: 5301405008026011001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Chiroptera, pp. 111-215 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 152, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352990
description: {"references": ["Jones, J. K., Jr., and D. C. Carter. 1976. Annotated checklist, with keys to subfamilies and genera. Part I. Pp. 7 - 38, in Biology of bats of the New World family Phyllostomatidae. Part I (R. J. Baker, J. K. Jones, Jr., and D. C. Carter, eds.). Special Publications, The Museum, Texas Tech University Press, 10: 1 - 218.", "Davis, W. B. 1969. A review of the small fruit bats (genus Artibeus) of Middle America. Southwestern Naturalist, 14: 15 - 29."]}
Feedback Integrators
Creators: name: Chang, Dong Eui
name: Jimenez, Fernando
name: Perlmutter, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65P10, 37J99, 93D15, 34C99

description: A new method is proposed to numerically integrate a dynamical system on a manifold such that the trajectory stably remains on the manifold and preserves first integrals of the system. The idea is that given an initial point in the manifold we extend the dynamics from the manifold to its ambient Euclidean space and then modify the dynamics outside the intersection of the manifold and the level sets of the first integrals containing the initial point such that the intersection becomes a unique local attractor of the resultant dynamics. While the modified dynamics theoretically produces the same trajectory as the original dynamics, it yields a numerical trajectory that stably remains on the manifold and preserves the first integrals. The big merit of our method is that the modified dynamics can be integrated with any ordinary numerical integrator such as Euler or Runge-Kutta. We illustrate this method by applying it to three famous problems: the free rigid body, the Kepler problem and a perturbed Kepler problem with rotational symmetry. We also carry out simulation studies to demonstrate the excellence of our method and make comparisons with the standard projection method, a splitting method and Störmer-Verlet schemes.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures
Evidence for a two-fold symmetric superconducting gap in a monolayer of FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ on a topological insulator
Creators: name: Kamlapure, Anand
name: Manna, Sujit
name: Cornils, Lasse
name: Hänke, Torben
name: Bremholm, Martin
name: Hofmann, Philip
name: Wiebe, Jens
name: Wiesendanger, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our investigations on the superconducting properties of monolayers of FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ grown on the 3D topological insulator Bi$_{2}$Se$_{1.2}$Te$_{1.8}$ using low temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). While the morphology and the overall transition temperature resemble those of similarly doped bulk crystals, the spatially resolved spectroscopic data at 1.1K shows a much larger spatial inhomogeneity in the superconducting energy gaps. Despite the gap inhomogeneity all the spectra can be fitted with a two-fold anisotropic s-wave gap function. The two-fold nature of the gap symmetry is evident from the Bogoliubov quasiparticle interference (QPI) pattern which shows distinct C$_{2}$ symmetric scattering intensities. We argue that the gap inhomogeneity emerges as a result of intrinsic disorder in our system similar to disordered conventional superconductors. Even though most of our findings clearly differ from the current understanding of the corresponding bulk system, it provides an ideal platform to study unconventional superconductivity in Fe chalcogenides thinned down to a single layer and in close proximity to a topological insulator.
Enhanced low-energy supernova burst detection in large liquid argon time projection chambers enabled by Q-Pix
Creators: name: Kubota, S.
name: Ho, J.
name: McDonald, A. D.
name: Tata, N.
name: Asaadi, J.
name: Guenette, R.
name: Battat, J. B. R.
name: Braga, D.
name: Demarteau, M.
name: Djurcic, Z.
name: Febbraro, M.
name: Gramellini, E.
name: Kohani, S.
name: Mauger, C.
name: Mei, Y.
name: Newcomer, F. M.
name: Nishimura, K.
name: Nygren, D.
name: Van Berg, R.
name: Varner, G. S.
name: Woodworth, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae may reveal important process features as well as neutrino properties. The detection of supernova neutrinos is one of the main science drivers for future kiloton-scale neutrino detectors based on liquid argon. Here we show that for such detectors the intrinsically 3D readout in Q-Pix offers numerous advantages relative to a wire-based readout, such as higher reconstruction efficiency, lower energy threshold, considerably lower data rates, and potential pointing information.
description: 20 pages, 19 figures, 4 tables; accepted by Physical Review D
PREP4BLUE D1.4: Portfolio of Project Promotional Material
Creators: name: Sarsfield, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This report provides an overview of the PREP4BLUE Portfolio of Project Promotional Material (Deliverable 1.4). The purpose of Deliverable 1.4 is to facilitate widespread communication and dissemination of PREP4BLUE results to a range of stakeholders including those in policy, industry, academia and the general public over the course of the project. The report describes the communications tools available at M12 (May 2023).

The portfolio of dissemination tools and resources contains: the project branding, logo and style guidelines, promotional factsheets, project website, poster, PowerPoint template, virtual backgrounds, pull-up banner and social media presence.

PREP4BLUE communications activities will run for the duration of the project, with additional supports for partners in their communication and dissemination activities. All tools and resources will be maintained throughout the project and some aspects of the portfolio will be maintained after the project’s end (e.g., the public PREP4BLUE website).
$T$-Matrix Approach to Strongly Coupled QGP
Creators: name: Liu, Shuai Y. F.
name: Rapp, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a thermodynamic $T$-matrix approach we extract the potential $V$ between two static charges in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) from fits to the pertinent lattice-QCD free energy. With suitable relativistic corrections we utilize this new potential to compute heavy-quark transport coefficients and compare the results to previous calculations using either $F$ or $U$ as potential. We then discuss a generalization of the $T$-matrix re-summation to a "matrix $\log$" re-summation of $t$-channel diagrams for the grand partition function of the QGP in the Luttinger-Ward skeleton diagram formalism. With $V$ as a non-perturbative driving kernel in the light-parton sector, we obtain the QGP equation of state from fits to lattice-QCD data. The resulting light-parton spectral functions are characterized by large thermal widths at small momenta, indicating the dissolution of quasi-particles in a strongly coupled QGP.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, contribution to the proceedings of the Strangeness in Quark Matter conference (June 27 to July 1, 2016, Berkeley, CA, USA)
Brachyphylla Gray 1834
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Brachyphylla

description: Brachyphylla Gray, 1834. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1833:122. REVIEWED BY: T. A. Griffiths (TAG); G. S. Morgan (GSM). COMMENT: Revised by Swanepoel and Genoways, 1978, Bull. Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist., 12:1 -53. ISIS NUMBER: 5301405008027000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Chiroptera, pp. 111-215 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 153, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352990
description: {"references": ["Swanepoel, P., and H. H. Genoways. 1978. Revision of the Antillean bats of the genus Brachyphylla (Mammalia: Phyllostomatidae). Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 12: 1 - 53."]}
Low-Frequency Electronic Noise in Exfoliated Quasi-1D TaSe3 van Der Waals Nanowires
Creators: name: Liu, Guanxiong
name: Rumyantsev, Sergey
name: Bloodgood, Matthew A.
name: Salguero, Tina T.
name: Shur, Michael
name: Balandin, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of investigation of the low-frequency electronic excess noise in quasi-1D nanowires of TaSe3 capped with quasi-2D h-BN layers. Semi-metallic TaSe3 is a quasi-1D van der Waals material with exceptionally high breakdown current density. It was found that TaSe3 nanowires have lower levels of the normalized noise spectral density, compared to carbon nanotubes and graphene. The temperature-dependent measurements revealed that the low-frequency electronic 1/f noise becomes the 1/f^2-type as temperature increases to about 400 K, suggesting the onset of electromigration (f is the frequency). Using the Dutta- Horn random fluctuation model of the electronic noise in metals we determined that the noise activation energy for quasi-1D TaSe3 nanowires is approximately E_P=1.0 eV. In the framework of the empirical noise model for metallic interconnects, the extracted activation energy, related to electromigration, is E_A=0.88 eV, consistent with that for Cu and Al interconnects. Our results shed light on the physical mechanism of low-frequency 1/f noise in quasi-1D van der Waals semi-metals and suggest that such material systems have potential for ultimately downscaled local interconnect applications.
description: 22 pages; 6 figures
Strongly correlated superconductivity with long-range spatial fluctuations
Creators: name: Kitatani, Motoharu
name: Arita, Ryotaro
name: Schäfer, Thomas
name: Held, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent studies for superconductivity using diagrammatic extensions of dynamical mean field theory. These approaches take into account simultaneously both, the local correlation effect and spatial long-range fluctuations, which are essential to describe unconventional superconductivity in a quasi-two-dimensional plane. The results reproduce and predict the experimental phase diagrams of strongly correlated system such as cuprates and nickelates. Further studies reveal that the dynamical screening effect of the pairing interaction vertex has dramatic consequences for the transition temperature and may even support exotic mechanisms like odd-frequency pairing. We also discuss the dimensionality of layered materials and how to interpret the numerical results in two dimensions.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures
Viscosity parameter in dissipative accretion flows with mass outflow around black holes
Creators: name: Nagarkoti, Shreeram
name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical hydrodynamic simulation of inviscid and viscous flows have shown that significant outflows could be produced from the CENtrifugal pressure supported BOundary Layer or CENBOL of an advective disk. However, this barrier is weakened in presence of viscosity, more so, if there are explicit energy dissipations at the boundary layer itself. We study effects of viscosity and energy dissipation theoretically on the outflow rate and show that as the viscosity or energy dissipation (or both) rises, the prospect of formation of outflows is greatly reduced, thereby verifying results obtained through observations and numerical simulations. Indeed, we find that in a dissipative viscous flow, shocks in presence of outflows can be produced only if the Shakura-Sunyaev viscosity parameter α is less than 0.2. This is a direct consequence of modification of the Rankine-Hugoniot relation across the shock in a viscous flow, when the energy dissipation and mass loss in the form of outflows from the post-shock region are included. If we ignore the effects of mass loss altogether, the standing dissipative shocks in viscous flows may occur only if α < 0.27. These limits are tighter than the absolute limit of α = 0.3 valid for a situation when the shock itself neither dissipates energy nor any outflow is formed. We compute typical viscosity parameters required to understand spectral and temporal properties of several black hole candidates such as GX399-4, MAXI J1659-152 and MAXI J1836-194 and find that required α are indeed well within our prescribed limit.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Brachyphylla cavernarum Gray 1834
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Brachyphylla
Brachyphylla cavernarum

description: Brachyphylla cavernarum Gray, 1834. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1833:123. TYPE LOCALITY: St. Vincent (Lesser Antilles) (U.K.). DISTRIBUTION: Puerto Rico, Virgin Isis, and throughout Lesser Antilles south to St. Vincent and Barbados. COMMENT: Includes minor; see Swanepoel and Genoways, 1978, Bull. Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist., 12: 39, and Varona, 1974:27. ISIS NUMBER: 5301405008027001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Chiroptera, pp. 111-215 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 153, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352990
description: {"references": ["Swanepoel, P., and H. H. Genoways. 1978. Revision of the Antillean bats of the genus Brachyphylla (Mammalia: Phyllostomatidae). Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 12: 1 - 53.", "Varona, L. S. 1974. Catalogo de los mamiferos vivientes y extinguidos de las Antillas. Instituto de Zoologia, Academia de Ciencias de Cuba (Havana), 139 pp."]}
Inequalities Between Size, Mass, Angular Momentum, and Charge for Axisymmetric Bodies and the Formation of Trapped Surfaces
Creators: name: Khuri, Marcus
name: Xie, Naqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish inequalities relating the size of a material body to its mass, angular momentum, and charge, within the context of axisymmetric initial data sets for the Einstein equations. These inequalities hold in general without the assumption of the maximal condition, and use a notion of size which is easily computable. Moreover, these results give rise to black hole existence criteria which are meaningful even in the time-symmetric case, and also include certain boundary effects.
description: 12 pages
Numerical Investigation of Dynamical and Morphological Trends in Relativistic Jets
Creators: name: Mandal, Soham
name: Duffell, Paul C.
name: Li, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active galactic nuclei (AGN) show a range of morphologies and dynamical properties, which are determined not only by parameters intrinsic to the central engine but also their interaction with the surrounding environment. We investigate the connection of kiloparsec scale AGN jet properties to their intrinsic parameters and surroundings. This is done using a suite of 40 relativistic hydrodynamic simulations spanning a wide range of engine luminosities and opening angles. We explore AGN jet propagation with different ambient density profiles, including $r^{-2}$ (self-similar solution) and $r^{-1}$, which is more relevant for AGN host environments. The Fanaroff-Riley (FR) morphological dichotomy arises naturally in our models. Jets with low energy density compared to the ambient medium produce a center-brightened emissivity distribution, while emissivity from relatively higher energy density jets is dominated by a terminal bright spot. We observe recollimation shocks in our simulations that can generate bright spots along the spine of the jet, providing a possible explanation for "knots" observed in AGN jets. We additionally find a scaling relation between the number of knots and the jet-head-to-surroundings energy density ratio. This scaling relation is generally consistent with the observations of the jets in M87 and Cygnus A. Our model also correctly predicts M87 as FR I and Cygnus A as FR II. Our model can be used to relate jet dynamical parameters such as jet head velocity, jet opening angle, and external pressure to jet power and ambient density estimates.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures and 2 tables. Published in ApJ
Development of cognitive control - an fNIRS investigation of a Go/No-Go task in children
Creators: name: Collins, David
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Cognitive control allows humans to override impulses and suppress inappropriate actions. It is essential for adapting to ever-changing environments and to challenges in our daily lives and across the lifespan. Despite its ubiquity and importance, the underlying neural mechanisms of cognitive control are still not well understood. The Dual Mechanisms of Cognitive Control (DMC) framework proposes cognitive control operates via one of two modes—either a proactive or reactive operating mode—but debate continues as to how the two modes interact or are balanced. Furthermore, little empirical evidence bears upon the contention that there is a shift from the reactive to proactive mode as younger children mature. I address these issues by employing functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a non-invasive neuroimaging technique that measures differences in local oxygenation levels of the cerebral blood flow to capture brain function measurements. In the initial experiment, I determine appropriate parameters for a Go/No-Go task, a paradigm frequently used to investigate inhibitory control, to elicit prepotent motor activity in a young adult population whilst recording neural activation with the fNIRS. The results inform the second experiment, to explore evidence of a shift from a reactive to a proactive control during childhood development in typically developing children. Behavioural results suggest younger children show a tendency for reactive control, with a shift to proactive control as they age. fNIRS results from measurements made concurrently during the Go/No-Go task indicate that right lateralised frontal activation was evident.
Brachyphylla nana Miller 1902
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Brachyphylla
Brachyphylla nana

description: Brachyphylla nana Miller, 1902. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 54:409. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba, Pinar del Rio, El Guama. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba; Hispaniola (Haiti and Dominican Republic); Jamaica (extinct); Grand Cayman; Middle Caicos (S.E. Bahamas). COMMENT: Includes pumila; see Jones and Carter, 1976:30, and Swanepoel and Genoways, 1978, Bull. Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist., 12:1 -53. Considered a subspecies of cavernarum by Buden, 1977, J. Mammal., 58:221-225. ISIS NUMBER: 5301405008027002001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Chiroptera, pp. 111-215 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 153, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352990
description: {"references": ["Jones, J. K., Jr., and D. C. Carter. 1976. Annotated checklist, with keys to subfamilies and genera. Part I. Pp. 7 - 38, in Biology of bats of the New World family Phyllostomatidae. Part I (R. J. Baker, J. K. Jones, Jr., and D. C. Carter, eds.). Special Publications, The Museum, Texas Tech University Press, 10: 1 - 218.", "Swanepoel, P., and H. H. Genoways. 1978. Revision of the Antillean bats of the genus Brachyphylla (Mammalia: Phyllostomatidae). Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 12: 1 - 53.", "Buden, D. W. 1977. First records of bats of the genus Brachyphylla from the Caicos Islands, with notes on geographic variation. Journal of Mammalogy, 58: 221 - 225."]}
IMF and [Na/Fe] abundance ratios from optical and NIR Spectral Features in Early-type Galaxies
Creators: name: La Barbera, F.
name: Vazdekis, A.
name: Ferreras, I.
name: Pasquali, A.
name: Prieto, C. Allende
name: Rock, B.
name: Aguado, D. S.
name: Peletier, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a joint analysis of the four most prominent sodium-sensitive features (NaD, NaI8190, NaI1.14, and NaI2.21), in the optical and Near-Infrared spectral range, of two nearby, massive (sigma~300km/s), early-type galaxies (named XSG1 and XSG2). Our analysis relies on deep VLT/X-Shooter long-slit spectra, along with newly developed stellar population models, allowing for [Na/Fe] variations, up to 1.2dex, over a wide range of age, total metallicity, and IMF slope. The new models show that the response of the Na-dependent spectral indices to [Na/Fe] is stronger when the IMF is bottom heavier. For the first time, we are able to match all four Na features in the central regions of massive early-type galaxies, finding an overabundance of [Na/Fe], in the range 0.5-0.7dex, and a bottom-heavy IMF. Therefore, individual abundance variations cannot be fully responsible for the trends of gravity-sensitive indices, strengthening the case towards a non-universal IMF. Given current limitations of theoretical atmosphere models, our [Na/Fe] estimates should be taken as upper limits. For XSG1, where line strengths are measured out to 0.8Re, the radial trend of [Na/Fe] is similar to [Mg/Fe] and [C/Fe], being constant out to 0.5Re, and decreasing by 0.2-0.3dex at 0.8Re, without any clear correlation with local metallicity. Such a result seems to be in contrast with the predicted increase of Na nucleosynthetic yields from AGB stars and TypeII SNe. For XSG1, the Na-inferred IMF radial profile is consistent, within the errors, with that derived from TiO features and the Wing-Ford band, presented in a recent paper.
description: 22 pages, 8 figure, accepted for publication in MNRAS. The new Na-enhanced models will be available soon at http://miles.iac.es/
Polarization shaping for control of nonlinear propagation
Creators: name: Bouchard, Frédéric
name: Larocque, Hugo
name: Yao, Alison M.
name: Travis, Christopher
name: De Leon, Israel
name: Rubano, Andrea
name: Karimi, Ebrahim
name: Oppo, Gian-Luca
name: Boyd, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonlinear optical propagation of two different classes of space-varying polarized light beams -- radially symmetric vector beams and Poincaré beams with lemon and star topologies -- in a rubidium vapour cell. Unlike Laguerre-Gauss and other types of beams that experience modulational instabilities, we observe that their propagation is not marked by beam breakup while still exhibiting traits such as nonlinear confinement and self-focusing. Our results suggest that by tailoring the spatial structure of the polarization, the effects of nonlinear propagation can be effectively controlled. These findings provide a novel approach to transport high-power light beams in nonlinear media with controllable distortions to their spatial structure and polarization properties.
description: 5 pages, and 4 figures
Electronic structure of $\boldsymbolα$-RuCl$_3$ by fixed-node and fixed-phase diffusion Monte Carlo methods
Creators: name: Annaberdiyev, Abdulgani
name: Melton, Cody A.
name: Wang, Guangming
name: Mitas, Lubos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Layered material $α$-RuCl$_3$ has caught wide attention due to its possible realization of Kitaev's spin liquid and its electronic structure that involves the interplay of electron-electron correlations and spin-orbit effects. Several DFT$+U$ studies have suggested that both electron-electron correlations and spin-orbit effects are crucial for accurately describing the band gap. This work studies the importance of these two effects using fixed-node and fixed-phase diffusion Monte Carlo calculations both in spin-averaged and explicit spin-orbit formalisms. In the latter, the Slater-Jastrow trial function is constructed from two-component spin-orbitals using our recent quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) developments and thoroughly tested effective core potentials. Our results show that the gap in the ideal crystal is already accurately described by the spin-averaged case, with the dominant role being played by the magnetic ground state with significant exchange and electron correlation effects. We find qualitative agreement between hybrid DFT, DFT+$U$, and QMC. In addition, QMC results agree very well with available experiments, and we identify the values of exact Fock exchange mixing that provide comparable gaps. Explicit spin-orbit QMC calculations reveal that the effect of spin-orbit coupling on the gap is minor, of the order of 0.2 eV, which corresponds to the strength of the spin-orbit of the Ru atom.
Carollia Gray 1838
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Carollia

description: Carollia Gray, 1838. Mag. Zool. Bot., 2:488. REVIEWED BY: R. Barquez (RB); J. Molinari (JML); B. Villa-Ramirez (BVR)(Mexico). COMMENT: Revised by Pine, 1972, Tech. Monogr. Texas Agric. Exp. Sta. Texas A and M Univ., 8: 1 -125. ISIS NUMBER: 5301405008021000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Chiroptera, pp. 111-215 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 153, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352990
description: {"references": ["Pine, R. H. 1972. The bats of the genus Carollia. Technical Monograph, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A and M University, 8: 1 - 125."]}
CONSTRUINDO UMA ESCOLA DEMOCRÁTICA E PLURAL: contribuições da pedagogia queer
Creators: name: Andrade, Raphael
name: Paranho, William Roslindo
name: França, Wezelley Campos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Pedagogia queer
Práticas pedagógicas
Escola

description: As pessoas, ao serem inseridas nos espaços educacionais, necessitam se ajustar às regras, às normatizações, às formas padronizadas, ou seja, a todos os requisitos que lhes são impostos pelo sistema, garantindo-lhes sua permanência nesse âmbito. A docilização, em grande parte das vezes, desrespeita a singularidade de cada discente, primordialmente quando relacionada aos gêneros e sexualidades. Docilizar é regular, e, em tais processos de regulação, direitos básicos são cerceados, distanciando-se dos preceitos freireanos de uma escola democrática que possibilita o aprender crítico e o desenvolvimento de uma identidade social. Considerando tais aspectos, o presente trabalho objetivo refletir sobre as contribuições da Pedagogia Queer nos espaços educacionais. A prática pedagógica propõe a desconstrução de tais parâmetros normatizadores, pautando-se na pluralidade, escapando de determinadas estratégias de ensino cisheteronormadas, e criando outras que fujam dos ensinamentos direcionados à aprendizagem dos binarismos e dicotomias - política do engendramento daquilo que se entende enquanto “ser homem” e “ser mulher”. A queerização da escola propõe, também, o abandono da padronização da sexualidade “normativa - leia-se: heterossexualidade -, a qual exclui diversas outras potências de ser e viver enquanto sujeitas de sexualidades múltiplas. Nessa visão fica entendido que as escolas que possuem a Pedagogia Queer como proposta pedagógica podem aumentar as possibilidades de respeitar as diversidades e fraturar, a cultura da segregação, da violência e da estigmatização.
description: Este trabalho é reflexo do Evento realizado entre os dias 19 a 23 de setembro de 2022, virtualmente, organizado pelo grupo COR LGBTI+.
Microscopic origins of the viscosity of a Lennard-Jones liquid
Creators: name: Rizk, Farid
name: Gelin, Simon
name: Biance, Anne-Laure
name: Joly, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unlike crystalline solids or ideal gases, transport properties remain difficult to describe from a microscopic point of view in liquids, whose dynamics result from complex energetic and entropic contributions at the atomic scale. Two scenarios are generally proposed: one represents the dynamics in a fluid as a series of energy barrier crossings, leading to Arrhenius-like laws, while the other assumes that atoms rearrange themselves by collisions, as exemplified by the free volume model. To assess the validity of these two views, we computed, using molecular dynamics simulations, the transport properties of the Lennard-Jones fluid and tested to what extent the Arrhenius equation and the free volume model describe the temperature dependence of the viscosity and of the diffusion coefficient at fixed pressure. Although both models reproduce the simulation results over a wide range of pressure and temperature covering the liquid and supercritical states of the Lennard-Jones fluid, we found that the parameters of the free volume model can be estimated directly from local structural parameters, also obtained in the simulations. This consistency of the results gives more credibility to the free volume description of transport properties in liquids.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Size of the accretion disk in the gravitationally lensed quasar SDSS J1004+4112 from the statistics of microlensing magnifications
Creators: name: Fian, C.
name: Mediavilla, E.
name: Hanslmeier, A.
name: Oscoz, A.
name: Serra-Ricart, M.
name: Muñoz, J. A.
name: Jiménez-Vicente, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present eight monitoring seasons of the four brightest images of the gravitational lens SDSS J1004+4112 observed between December 2003 and October 2010. Using measured time delays for the images A, B and C and the model predicted time delay for image D we have removed the intrinsic quasar variability, finding microlensing events of about 0.5 and 0.7 mag of amplitude in the images C and D. From the statistics of microlensing amplitudes in images A, C, and D, we have inferred the half-light radius (at λ rest = 2407 Å) for the accretion disk using two different methods, $R_{1/2}=8.7^{+18.5}_{-5.5} \sqrt{M/0.3 M_\odot}$ (histograms product) and $R_{1/2} = 4.2^{+3.2}_{-2.2} \sqrt{M/0.3 M_\odot}$ light-days ($χ^2$). The results are in agreement within uncertainties with the size predicted from the black hole mass in SDSS J1004+4112 using the thin disk theory.
Grand unification and the Planck scale: An $\mathit{SO}(10)$ example of radiative symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Held, Aaron
name: Kwapisz, Jan
name: Sartore, Lohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grand unification of gauge couplings and fermionic representations remains an appealing proposal to explain the seemingly coincidental structure of the Standard Model. However, to realise the Standard Model at low energies, the unified symmetry group has to be partially broken by a suitable scalar potential in just the right way. The scalar potential contains several couplings, whose values dictate the residual symmetry at a global minimum. Some (and possibly many) of the corresponding symmetry-breaking patterns are incompatible with the Standard Model and therefore non-admissible. Here, we initiate a systematic study of radiative symmetry breaking to thereby constrain viable initial conditions for the scalar couplings, for instance, at the Planck scale. We combine these new constraints on an admissible scalar potential with well-known constraints in the gauge-Yukawa sector into a general blueprint that carves out the viable effective-field-theory parameter space of any underlying theory of quantum gravity. We exemplify the constraining power of our blueprint within a non-supersymmetric $\mathit{SO}(10)$ GUT containing a $\mathbf{16}_H$- and a $\mathbf{45}_H$-dimensional scalar representation. We explicitly demonstrate that the requirement of successful radiative symmetry breaking to the correct subgroups significantly constraints the underlying microscopic dynamics. The presence of non-admissible radiative minima can even entirely exclude specific breaking chains: In the $\mathit{SO}(10)$ example, Pati-Salam breaking chains cannot be realised since the respective minima are never the deepest ones.
description: 35 pages + appendix; 5 figures
Carollia brevicauda
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Carollia
Carollia brevicauda

description: Carollia brevicauda (Schinz, 1821). Das Thierreich, 1:164. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Espirito Santo, Jucu River, Fazenda de Coroaba. DISTRIBUTION: San Luis Potosi (Mexico) to Peru, Bolivia, and E. Brazil. COMMENT: Long confused with perspicillata or subrufa; see Pine, 1972, Tech. Monogr. Texas Agric. Exp. Sta. Texas A and M Univ., 8: 1-125. ISIS NUMBER: 5301405008021001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Chiroptera, pp. 111-215 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 153, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352990
description: {"references": ["Pine, R. H. 1972. The bats of the genus Carollia. Technical Monograph, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A and M University, 8: 1 - 125."]}
AI 101 - a short guide to good prompts
Creators: name: Smith, David
name: Green, Melinda
Publisher: name: National Teaching Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Analytical biochemistry
Biochemistry and cell biology not elsewhere classified
Cell development, proliferation and death
Cell metabolism
Cell neurochemistry
Cellular interactions (incl. adhesion, matrix, cell wall)
Enzymes
Glycobiology
Protein trafficking
Proteomics and intermolecular interactions (excl. medical proteomics)
Receptors and membrane biology
Signal transduction
Systems biology
Synthetic biology
Structural biology (incl. macromolecular modelling)
Analytical spectrometry

description: Keep hearing about large language models (LLMs) such as OpenAI's ChatGPT3.5 and GPT4, Google’s Bard and Microsoft’s Bing? Want to understand AI and even use it in your teaching but don’t know where to begin?
 Here’s the 101 that many academics have been asking for.
 This 101 will help you write promotes for LLMs that you can then use in your teaching practice helping you harness AI’s power and utilise it more effectively!
Effect of thermal annealing on the heat transfer properties of reduced graphite oxide flakes: a nanoscale characterization via scanning thermal microscopy
Creators: name: Tortello, M.
name: Colonna, S.
name: Bernal, M.
name: Gomez, J.
name: Pavese, M.
name: Novara, C.
name: Giorgis, F.
name: Maggio, M.
name: Guerra, G.
name: Saracco, G.
name: Gonnelli, R. S.
name: Fina, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports on the thermal properties of reduced graphite oxide (RGO) flakes, studied by means of scanning thermal microscopy (SThM). This technique was demonstrated to allow thermal characterization of the flakes with a spatial resolution of the order of a few tens of nanometers, while recording nanoscale topography at the same time. Several individual RGO flakes were analyzed by SThM, both as obtained after conventional thermal reduction and after a subsequent annealing at 1700°C. Significant differences in the thermal maps were observed between pristine and annealed flakes, reflecting higher heat dissipation on annealed RGO flakes compared with pristine ones. This result was correlated with the reduction of RGO structure defectiveness. In particular, a substantial reduction of oxidized groups and sp3 carbons upon annealing was proven by X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopies, while the increase of crystalline order was demonstrated by X-ray diffraction, in terms of higher correlation lengths both along and perpendicular to the graphene planes. Results presented in this paper provide experimental evidence for the qualitative correlation between the defectiveness of graphene-related materials and their thermal conductivity, which is clearly crucial for the exploitation of these materials into thermally conductive nanocomposites.