cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
IGR J19552+0044: A new asynchronous short period polar: Filling the gap between intermediate and ordinary polars⋆
Creators: name: Schwope,
name: Myers,
name: Goff,
name: Buckley,
name: Ivarsen,
name: Miroshnichenko,
name: Starkey,
name: Cejudo,
name: Zharikov,
name: De Miguel,
name: Tovmassian,
name: Ulowetz,
name: Stein,
name: Kotze,
name: Campbell,
name: Breytenbach,
name: Nelson,
name: Reichart,
name: Bernardini,
name: Hernandez,
name: González-Buitrago,
name: Thorstensen,
name: Haislip,
name: Lacluyze,
name: Moore,
name: Hambsch,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Context. Based on XMM-Newton X-ray observations IGR J19552+0044 appears to be either a pre-polar or an asynchronous polar.
title: Magnetic resonance imaging of spinal cord lesions: A pictorial review
Creators: name: Zarrouk, Bilel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Infection
subject: Congenital
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: This pictorial essay discusses clinical features and magneticr resonance imaging(MRI) appearance of a number of intra medullary conditions, wich can be broadly categorized as congenital, demeyelinating, vascular, neoplasic or infectious and...
Does shot noise always provide the quasiparticle charge?
Creators: name: Biswas, Sourav
name: Bhattacharyya, Rajarshi
name: Kundu, Hemanta Kumar
name: Das, Ankur
name: Heiblum, Moty
name: Umansky, Vladimir
name: Goldstein, Moshe
name: Gefen, Yuval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fractional charge of quasiparticles is a fundamental feature of quantum Hall effect (QHE) States. The charge has long been measured via shot-noise at moderate temperatures ($T$>30mK), with the Fano factor $F=e^*/e$ revealing the charge $e^*$ of the quasiparticles. However, at sufficiently low temperatures ($T\approx$10mK), we consistently find $F$ being equal to the bulk filling factor, $ν_b$. Surprisingly, noise with $F=ν_b$ is also observed on intermediate conductance plateaus in the transmission of the quantum point contact (QPC), where shot noise is not expected. We attribute the unexpected Fano factor to upstream neutral modes, which proliferate at the lowest spinless Landau level. The universality of the Fano factor is also confirmed when the edge modes do not conform to the bulk. For this, the ubiquitous edge modes at the periphery of the sample are replaced by artificially constructed 'interface modes', propagating at the interface between two adjoined QHE states: the tested state and a different state. We present a new theoretical paradigm based on an interplay between charge and neutral modes, explaining the origin of the universal Fano factor.
description: 43 pages, 4 main figures, supplementary material
Holographic Competition of Phases and Superconductivity
Creators: name: Kiritsis, Elias
name: Li, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a holographic theory to model and study the competition of four phases: an antiferromagnetic phase, a superconducting phase, a metallic phase and a striped phase, using as control parameters temperature and a doping-like parameter. We analyse the various instabilities and determine the possible phases. One class of phase diagrams, that we analyse in detail, is similar to that of high-temperature superconductors as well as other strange metal materials.
description: 73 pages, 24 figures; v2: references added; v3: Two appendices are moved to the main text. Comments and figures added, typos fixed, to appear in JHEP
Running of the scalar spectral index in bouncing cosmologies
Creators: name: Lehners, Jean-Luc
name: Wilson-Ewing, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the running of the scalar index in the ekpyrotic and matter bounce cosmological scenarios, and find that it is typically negative for ekpyrotic models, while it is typically positive for realizations of the matter bounce where multiple fields are present. This can be compared to inflation, where the observationally preferred models typically predict a negative running. The magnitude of the running is expected to be between $10^{-4}$ and up to $10^{-2},$ leading in some cases to interesting expectations for near-future observations.
description: 6 pages
Revisiting nucleosynthesis in globular clusters: The case of NGC 2808 and the role of He and K
Creators: name: Prantzos,
name: Iliadis,
name: Charbonnel,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Context. Motivated by recent reports concerning the observation of limited enrichment in He but excess K in stars of globular clusters, we revisit the H-burning conditions that lead to the chemical properties of multiple stellar populations in these systems.
Quantum amplitude damping for solving homogeneous linear differential equations: A noninterferometric algorithm
Creators: name: Romeiro, João H.
name: Brito, Frederico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contexts where relevant problems can easily attain configuration spaces of enormous sizes, solving Linear Differential Equations (LDEs) can become a hard achievement for classical computers; on the other hand, the rise of quantum hardware can conceptually enable such high-dimensional problems to be solved with a foreseeable number of qubits, whilst also yielding quantum advantage in terms of time complexity. Nevertheless, in order to bridge towards experimental realizations with several qubits and harvest such potential in a short-term basis, one must dispose of efficient quantum algorithms that are compatible with near-term projections of state-of-the-art hardware, in terms of both techniques and limitations. As the conception of such algorithms is no trivial task, insights on new heuristics are welcomed. This work proposes a novel approach by using the Quantum Amplitude Damping operation as a resource, in order to construct an efficient quantum algorithm for solving homogeneous LDEs. As the intended implementation involves performing Amplitude Damping exclusively via a simple equivalent quantum circuit, our algorithm shall be given by a gate-level quantum circuit (predominantly composed of elementary 2-qubit gates) and is particularly nonrestrictive in terms of connectivity within and between some of its main quantum registers. We show that such an open quantum system-inspired circuitry allows for constructing the real exponential terms in the solution in a non-interferometric way; we also provide a guideline for guaranteeing a lower bound on the probability of success for each realization, by exploring the decay properties of the underlying quantum operation.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Purifying single photon emission from giant shell CdSe/CdS quantum dots at room temperature
Creators: name: Morozov, Sergii
name: Vezzoli, Stefano
name: Myslovska, Alina
name: Di Giacomo, Alessio
name: Mortensen, N. Asger
name: Moreels, Iwan
name: Sapienza, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Giant shell CdSe/CdS quantum dots are bright and flexible emitters, with near-unity quantum yield and suppressed blinking, but their single photon purity is reduced by efficient multiexcitonic emission. We report the observation, at the single dot level, of a large blueshift of the photoluminescence biexciton spectrum ($24\pm5$ nm over a sample of 32 dots) for pure-phase wurtzite quantum dots. By spectral filtering, we demonstrate a 2.3 times reduction of the biexciton quantum yield relative to the exciton emission, while preserving as much as 60% of the exciton single photon emission, thus improving the purity from $g_2(0)=0.07\pm0.01$ to $g_2(0)=0.03\pm0.01$. At larger pump fluency the spectral purification is even more effective with up to a 6.6 times reduction in $g_2(0)$, which is due to the suppression of higher order excitons and shell states experiencing even larger blueshift. Our results indicate the potential for synthesis engineered giant shell quantum dots, with further increased biexciton blueshift, for quantum optical applications requiring both high purity and brightness.
description: Supporting information is available
A method of immediate detection of objects with a near-zero apparent motion in series of CCD-frames
Creators: name: Pohorelov,
name: Savanevych,
name: Pakuliak,
name: Mkrtichian,
name: Khlamov,
name: Briukhovetskyi,
name: Kudak,
name: Vavilova,
name: Melnik,
name: Reichart,
name: Dikov,
name: Vlasenko,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The paper deals with a computational method for detection of the solar system minor bodies (SSOs), whose inter-frame shifts in series of CCD-frames during the observation are commensurate with the errors in measuring their positions. These objects have velocities of apparent motion between CCD-frames not exceeding three rms errors (3σ) of measurements of their positions. About 15% of objects have a near-zero apparent motion in CCD-frames, including the objects beyond the Jupiter’s orbit as well as the asteroids heading straight to the Earth. The proposed method for detection of the object’s near-zero apparent motion in series of CCD-frames is based on the Fisher f-criterion instead of using the traditional decision rules that are based on the maximum likelihood criterion. We analyzed the quality indicators of detection of the object’s near-zero apparent motion applying statistical and in situ modeling techniques in terms of the conditional probability of the true detection of objects with a near-zero apparent motion. The efficiency of method being implemented as a plugin for the Collection Light Technology (CoLiTec) software for automated asteroids and comets detection has been demonstrated. Among the objects discovered with this plugin, there was the sungrazing comet C/2012 S1 (ISON). Within 26 min of the observation, the comet’s image has been moved by three pixels in a series of four CCD-frames (the velocity of its apparent motion at the moment of discovery was equal to 0.8 pixels per CCD-frame; the image size on the frame was about five pixels). Next verification in observations of asteroids with a near-zero apparent motion conducted with small telescopes has confirmed an efficiency of the method even in bad conditions (strong backlight from the full Moon). So, we recommend applying the proposed method for series of observations with four or more frames.
title: Value of MRI in evaluation of urinary wetting in females
Creators: name: Asker, Amany
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pelvic floor dysfunction
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Pelvis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction: Females complaining from continuous wetting may be due to urethral causes or extra-urethral. Urethral causes may be due to minor causes such as infection or diabetes or more complicated such as neurogenic causes or pelvic floor...
A formula for certain Shalika germs of ramified unitary groups
Creators: name: Tsai, Cheng-Chiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, for nilpotent orbits of ramified quasi-split unitary groups with two Jordan blocks, we give closed formulas for their Shalika germs at certain equi-valued elements with half-integral depth previously studied by Hales. These elements are parametrized by hyperelliptic curves defined over the residue field, and the numbers we obtain can be expressed in terms of Frobenius eigenvalues on the $\ell$-adic $H^1$ of the curves, generalizing previous result of Hales on stable subregular Shalika germs. These Shalika germ formulas imply new results on stability and endoscopic transfer of nilpotent orbital integrals of ramified unitary groups. We mention also how the same numbers appear in the local character expansion of specific supercuspidal representations and consequently dimensions of degenerate Whittaker models.
description: 36 pages
Uniform Convergence Rates for Lipschitz Learning on Graphs
Creators: name: Bungert, Leon
name: Calder, Jeff
name: Roith, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 35J20, 35R02, 65N12, 68T05

description: Lipschitz learning is a graph-based semi-supervised learning method where one extends labels from a labeled to an unlabeled data set by solving the infinity Laplace equation on a weighted graph. In this work we prove uniform convergence rates for solutions of the graph infinity Laplace equation as the number of vertices grows to infinity. Their continuum limits are absolutely minimizing Lipschitz extensions with respect to the geodesic metric of the domain where the graph vertices are sampled from. We work under very general assumptions on the graph weights, the set of labeled vertices, and the continuum domain. Our main contribution is that we obtain quantitative convergence rates even for very sparsely connected graphs, as they typically appear in applications like semi-supervised learning. In particular, our framework allows for graph bandwidths down to the connectivity radius. For proving this we first show a quantitative convergence statement for graph distance functions to geodesic distance functions in the continuum. Using the "comparison with distance functions" principle, we can pass these convergence statements to infinity harmonic functions and absolutely minimizing Lipschitz extensions.
Characterising sensitivity to climate change in older adults and immigrants in Canada– A scoping review
Creators: name: Tilstra, McKenzie
name: Tiwari, Ishwar
name: Campbell, Sandra
name: Yamamoto, Shelby
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Public Health
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Community Health and Preventive Medicine
subject: air pollution
subject: climate change
subject: environmental health
subject: epidemiology
subject: immigrants
subject: older adults
subject: public health
subject: vulnerability

description: The objective of this scoping review is to investigate the range, extent, and nature of published literature on the sensitivity to climate (extreme temperatures and events, icy conditions) and air pollution-related exposures in older adults and immigrants in Canada and the impact this has on health outcomes. The mapped literature will be used to inform public policy, guide adaptation and risk mitigation strategies, reduce health risks related to climate change and air pollution, and promote further research.
Assessment Tools for Baseline and Follow-up Measurement of the Dementia-Friendliness of a Community: Scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Diaz, Laura
name: Durocher, Evelyne
name: McAiney, Carrie
name: `Richardson, Julie
name: Letts, Lori
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Gerontology
subject: assessment tools
subject: dementia-friendly communities
subject: protocol
subject: scoping review

description: Objective: In this review we aim to identify and appraise assessment tools that have been used or developed to quantitatively assess the dementia-friendliness of communities. Introduction: An assessment of the dementia-friendliness of a community can establish indicators to measure progress and can support an understanding of how dementia-friendly community initiatives impact the experience of living with dementia. However, because of a lack of available evaluation tools, assessments of the dementia-friendliness of a community are not always undertaken, making it difficult to evaluate the impact of community action plans. Inclusion criteria: In this scoping review we will consider published and unpublished sources on tools that quantitatively assess the dementia-friendliness of a community. Studies that have investigated dementia-friendly environments in healthcare organizations, such as hospitals, will not be considered in this review. Methods: The JBI methodology for scoping reviews will be followed. Medline, CINAHIL, PsychInfo, EMBase, EMCare, HealthStar and AgeLine will be searched from inception date for relevant articles. Unpublished sources will be identified using Google advanced search functions and snowball sampling of representatives from communities that have conducted dementia-friendly assessments in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the United States, and the United Kingdom. To investigate how the tools have been used in research and in practice related to DFCs, we will scan all the “cited by” articles of sources found. Tables and a narrative summary will be used to describe and assess the scope and features of the assessment tools and outline their contribution to research and practice.
Luminosities and mass-loss rates of Local Group AGB stars and red supergiants
Creators: name: Sloan,
name: Groenewegen,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Context. Mass loss is one of the fundamental properties of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, and through the enrichment of the interstellar medium, AGB stars are key players in the life cycle of dust and gas in the universe. However, a quantitative understanding of the mass-loss process is still largely lacking.
title: MRI defecography signs in obstructed defecation
Creators: name: Alkubeyyer, Metab
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Motility
subject: Defecography
subject: MR
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the technique of magnetic resonancedefecography. To describe and depict the magnetic resonance signs of obstructive...
title: Analysis of spleen volumetry as imaging biomarker: Precision of measurements and usability on CT and MRI
Creators: name: Beaumont, Hubert
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: Segmentation
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: MR
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: CT
subject: Spleen
subject: Haematologic
subject: Computer applications

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Myelofibrosis is a type of chronic leukemia affecting bone marrow in impairing the normal production of blood cells. The disease manifests itself by an extensive scarring in patients bone marrow, leading to severe anemia, weakness, fatigue, and...
Temporal Context Mining for Learned Video Compression
Creators: name: Sheng, Xihua
name: Li, Jiahao
name: Li, Bin
name: Li, Li
name: Liu, Dong
name: Lu, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We address end-to-end learned video compression with a special focus on better learning and utilizing temporal contexts. For temporal context mining, we propose to store not only the previously reconstructed frames, but also the propagated features into the generalized decoded picture buffer. From the stored propagated features, we propose to learn multi-scale temporal contexts, and re-fill the learned temporal contexts into the modules of our compression scheme, including the contextual encoder-decoder, the frame generator, and the temporal context encoder. Our scheme discards the parallelization-unfriendly auto-regressive entropy model to pursue a more practical decoding time. We compare our scheme with x264 and x265 (representing industrial software for H.264 and H.265, respectively) as well as the official reference software for H.264, H.265, and H.266 (JM, HM, and VTM, respectively). When intra period is 32 and oriented to PSNR, our scheme outperforms H.265--HM by 14.4% bit rate saving; when oriented to MS-SSIM, our scheme outperforms H.266--VTM by 21.1% bit rate saving.
Type Ia Supernovae and their Explosive Nucleosynthesis: Constraints on Progenitors
Creators: name: Leung, Shing-Chi
name: Nomoto, Ken'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What the progenitors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are, whether they are near-Chandrasekhar mass or sub-Chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs, has been the matter of debate for decades. Various observational hints are supporting both models as the main progenitors. In this paper, we review the explosion physics and the chemical abundance patterns of SNe Ia from these two classes of progenitors. We will discuss how the observational data of SNe Ia, their remnants, the Milky Way Galaxy, and galactic clusters can help us to determine the essential features where numerical models of SNe Ia need to match.
description: Review article for the Sixteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting Proceeding, accepted for publication. 20 pages, 24 figures
title: Reducing the Cost of Implementing the F.I.T. Game Healthy Eating Program in Diverse Schools While Observing Effects on Food Waste
Creators: name: Gifford, Robert
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2024

description: It is well known that children do not eat enough fruits and vegetables. The FIT Game Healthy Eating Program is an interactive, story-board type narrative that has increased fruit and vegetable consumption in elementary school children. While The FIT Game intervention has shown progress in the past, the schools studied had minimal diversity and the intervention was time intensive and costly.
This research utilized The FIT Game intervention in four Salt Lake City area, Title 1, schools with a large amount of student diversity. The first portion of research was conducted in two phases. The first phase compared an intervention school, with the FIT Game program being implemented, to a control school without the intervention. The first phase resulted in increases in both fruit and vegetable consumption in the intervention school, while the control school had less consumption.
Phase two looked at conducting The FIT Game in the two remaining schools, but the narrative was already determined and did not advance based on the schools' consumption. Both schools showed improved fruit and vegetable consumption. However, because of the way data was collected, further studies need to be done to ensure that the increase is due to The FIT Game.
The second portion of research looked at how fruit and vegetable waste changes when programs like The FIT Game are implemented in schools. The same schools as the first portion of research were used for this as well. The results showed that even though that when fruit and vegetable consumption increase, the waste typically decreases, there is sometimes an overlooked compromise. In one school, while the vegetable consumption improved, the fruit consumption decreased while the fruit waste increased. At first glance, while the vegetable increase is promising, when you look at the weight of the food consumed compared to the increase of fruit wasted, the amount of fruit wasted weighs 6 times more.
Bundesrepublik: Die Sorge der Bischöfe um Priester- und Ordensnachwuchs
Creators: name: Ruh, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 43 Nr. 4 (1989): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 43, Heft 4
title: Role of 3D Multidetector Computed Tomography in diagnosis of Elongated styloid Process
Creators: name: Kalmath, Sunil
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Computer applications
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: CT
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Connective tissue disorders
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To recognise the normal anatomy of Styloid process To Define Eagle’s syndrome To Identify the clinical features of Elongated styloid process To review the radiological modalities for diagnosis To Identify and classify the different types of...
Supplementary document for Infrared quantum ghost imaging of living and undisturbed plants - 7159657.pdf
Creators: name: Ryan, Duncan
name: Meier, Kristina
name: Seitz, Kati
name: Hanson, David
name: Morales, Dean
name: Palmer, David
name: Hanson, Buck
name: Goodwin, Peter
name: Newell, Raymond
name: Holmes, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: TEX supplemental document
Apostolischer Stuhl: Neue Eidesformeln für kirchliche Amtsträger
Creators: name: Seeber, David A.
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 43 Nr. 4 (1989): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 43, Heft 4
UV spectra, bombs, and the solar atmosphere
Creators: name: Judge, Philip G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent analysis of UV data from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph {\em IRIS} reports plasma "bombs" with temperatures near \hot{} within the solar photosphere. This is a curious result, firstly because most bomb plasma pressures $p$ (the largest reported case exceeds $10^3$ dyn~cm$^{-2}$) fall well below photospheric pressures ($> 7\times10^3$), and secondly, UV radiation cannot easily escape from the photosphere. In the present paper the {\em IRIS} data is independently analyzed. I find that the bombs arise from plasma originally at pressures between $\lta80$ and 800 dyne~cm$^{-2}$ before explosion, i.e. between $\lta850$ and 550 km above $τ_{500}=1$. This places the phenomenon's origin in the low-mid chromosphere or above. I suggest that bomb spectra are more compatible with Alfvénic turbulence than with bi-directional reconnection jets.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical journal
Measurement of the scintillation time spectra and pulse-shape discrimination of low-energy β and nuclear recoils in liquid argon with DEAP-1
Creators: name: Gold,
name: Harvey,
name: Golovko,
name: Grace,
name: O'Dwyer,
name: Tang,
name: Ward,
name: Bueno,
name: Ouellet,
name: Pollmann,
name: Lidgard,
name: Gagnon,
name: Ford,
name: Nantais,
name: Caldwell,
name: Hofgartner,
name: Hallin,
name: Boudjemline,
name: McFarlane,
name: Lawson,
name: Ronquest,
name: Li,
name: Gorel,
name: Retière,
name: Nikkel,
name: McKinsey,
name: Sonley,
name: Walding,
name: Hamstra,
name: Chouinard,
name: Liimatainen,
name: Veloce,
name: Cai,
name: Cleveland,
name: Boulay,
name: Peeters,
name: Kuźniak,
name: Beltran,
name: Dering,
name: Duncan,
name: Mehdiyev,
name: Pasuthip,
name: Jillings,
name: Vázquez-Jáuregui,
name: Monroe,
name: McDonald,
name: Mathew,
name: Rau,
name: Broerman,
name: Fatemighomi,
name: Cranshaw,
name: Giampa,
name: Noble,
name: Grant,
name: Hakobyan,
name: La Zia,
name: Giuliani,
name: Seeburn,
name: Bonatt,
name: Olsen,
name: Skensved,
name: Smith,
name: Chen,
name: Nicolics,
name: McElroy,
name: Amaudruz,
name: Lippincott,
name: Butcher,
name: Hearns,
name: Graham,
name: Muir,
name: Batygov,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The DEAP-1 low-background liquid argon detector has been used to measure scintillation pulse shapes of beta decays and nuclear recoil events and to demonstrate the feasibility of pulse-shape discrimination down to an electron-equivalent energy of 20 keV ee. The relative intensities of singlet/triplet states in liquid argon have been measured as a function of energy between 15 and 500 keVee for both beta and nuclear recoils. Using a triple-coincidence tag we find the fraction of beta events that are misidentified as nuclear recoils to be less than 6 x 10 -8 between 43-86 keV ee and that the discrimination parameter agrees with a simple analytic model. The discrimination measurement is currently limited by nuclear recoils induced by cosmic-ray generated neutrons, and is expected to improve by operating the detector underground at SNOLAB. The analytic model predicts a beta misidentification fraction of 10 -10 for an electron-equivalent energy threshold of 20 keV ee. This reduction allows for a sensitive search for spin-independent scattering of WIMPs from 1000 kg of liquid argon with a WIMP-nucleon cross-section sensitivity of 10 -46 cm 2.
A novel class of broad-spectrum active-site-directed 3C-like protease inhibitors with nanomolar antiviral activity against highly immune-evasive SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants
Creators: name: Pérez-Vargas, Jimena
name: Worrall, Liam J.
name: Olmstead, Andrea D.
name: Ton, Anh-Tien
name: Lee, Jaeyong
name: Villanueva, Ivan
name: Thompson, Connor A. H.
name: Dudek, Svenja
name: Ennis, Siobhan
name: Smith, Jason R.
name: Shapira, Tirosh
name: De Guzman, Joshua
name: Gang, Shutong
name: Ban, Fuqiang
name: Vuckovic, Marija
name: Bielecki, Michael
name: Kovacic, Suzana
name: Kenward, Calem
name: Hong, Christopher Yee
name: Gordon, Danielle G.
name: Levett, Paul N.
name: Krajden, Mel
name: Leduc, Richard
name: Boudreault, Pierre-Luc
name: Niikura, Masahiro
name: Paetzel, Mark
name: Young, Robert N.
name: Cherkasov, Artem
name: Strynadka, Natalie C. J.
name: Jean, François
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Antivirals with broad coronavirus activity are important for treating high-risk individuals exposed to the constantly evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) as well as emerging drug-resistant variants. We developed and characterized a novel class of active-site-directed 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) inhibitors (C2–C5a). Our lead direct-acting antiviral (DAA), C5a, is a non-covalent, non-peptide with a dissociation constant of 170 nM against recombinant SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. The compounds C2–C5a exhibit broad-spectrum activity against Omicron subvariants (BA.5, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1.5) and seasonal human coronavirus-229E infection in human cells. Notably, C5a has median effective concentrations of 30–50 nM against BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5 in two different human cell lines. X-ray crystallography has confirmed the unique binding modes of C2–C5a to the 3CLpro, which can limit virus cross-resistance to emerging Paxlovid-resistant variants. We tested the effect of C5a with two of our newly discovered host-directed antivirals (HDAs): N-0385, a TMPRSS2 inhibitor, and bafilomycin D (BafD), a human vacuolar H+-ATPase [V-ATPase] inhibitor. We demonstrated a synergistic action of C5a in combination with N-0385 and BafD against Omicron BA.5 infection in human Calu-3 lung cells. Our findings underscore that a SARS-CoV-2 multi-targeted treatment for circulating Omicron subvariants based on DAAs (C5a) and HDAs (N-0385 or BafD) can lead to therapeutic benefits by enhancing treatment efficacy. Furthermore, the high-resolution structures of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro in complex with C2–C5a will facilitate future rational optimization of our novel broad-spectrum active-site-directed 3C-like protease inhibitors.
Microlocal analysis in generalized function algebras based on generalized points and generalized directions
Creators: name: Vernaeve, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46F30, 35A27 (Primary), 35D10 (Secondary)

description: We develop a refined theory of microlocal analysis in the algebra ${\mathcal G}(Ω)$ of Colombeau generalized functions. In our approach, the wave front is a set of generalized points in the cotangent bundle of $Ω$, whereas in the theory developed so far, it is a set of nongeneralized points. We also show consistency between both approaches.
description: 10 pp; removed an erroneous claim in the Preliminaries section; otherwise identical to v1
Minimax properties of Dirichlet kernel density estimators
Creators: name: Bertin, Karine
name: Genest, Christian
name: Klutchnikoff, Nicolas
name: Ouimet, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G07, 62G05, 62G20

description: This paper considers the asymptotic behavior in $β$-Hölder spaces, and under $L^p$ losses, of a Dirichlet kernel density estimator proposed by Aitchison and Lauder (1985) for the analysis of compositional data. In recent work, Ouimet and Tolosana-Delgado (2022) established the uniform strong consistency and asymptotic normality of this estimator. As a complement, it is shown here that the Aitchison-Lauder estimator can achieve the minimax rate asymptotically for a suitable choice of bandwidth whenever $(p,β) \in [1, 3) \times (0, 2]$ or $(p, β) \in \mathcal{A}_d$, where $\mathcal{A}_d$ is a specific subset of $[3, 4) \times (0, 2]$ that depends on the dimension $d$ of the Dirichlet kernel. It is also shown that this estimator cannot be minimax when either $p \in [4, \infty)$ or $β\in (2, \infty)$. These results extend to the multivariate case, and also rectify in a minor way, earlier findings of Bertin and Klutchnikoff (2011) concerning the minimax properties of Beta kernel estimators.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
Quantum annealing in the NISQ era: railway conflict management
Creators: name: Domino, Krzysztof
name: Koniorczyk, Mátyás
name: Krawiec, Krzysztof
name: Jałowiecki, Konrad
name: Deffner, Sebastian
name: Gardas, Bartłomiej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices' era, in which quantum hardware has become available for application in real-world problems. However, demonstrating the usefulness of such NISQ devices are still rare. In this work, we consider a practical railway dispatching problem: delay and conflict management on single-track railway lines. We examine the issue of train dispatching consequences caused by the arrival of an already delayed train to the network segment being considered. This problem is computationally hard and needs to be solved almost in real-time. We introduce a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) model of this problem, compatible with the emerging quantum annealing technology. The model's instances can be executed on present-day quantum annealers. As a proof-of-concept, we solve selected real-life problems from the Polish railway network using D-Wave quantum annealers. As a reference, we also provide solutions calculated with classical methods, including those relevant to the community (linear integer programming) and a sophisticated algorithm based on tensor networks for solving Ising instances. Our preliminary results illustrate the degree of difficulty of real-life railway instances for the current quantum annealing technology. Moreover, our analysis shows that the new generation of quantum annealers (the advantage system) perform much worse on those instances than its predecessor.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2010.08227
Some studies on multidimensional Fourier theory for Hilbert transform, analytic signal and space-time series analysis
Creators: name: Singh, Pushpendra
name: Joshi, Shiv Dutt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we propose the Fourier frequency vector (FFV), inherently, associated with multidimensional Fourier transform. With the help of FFV, we are able to provide physical meaning of so called negative frequencies in multidimensional Fourier transform (MDFT), which in turn provide multidimensional spatial and space-time series analysis. The complex exponential representation of sinusoidal function always yields two frequencies, negative frequency corresponding to positive frequency and vice versa, in the multidimensional Fourier spectrum. Thus, using the MDFT, we propose multidimensional Hilbert transform (MDHT) and associated multidimensional analytic signal (MDAS) with following properties: (a) the extra and redundant positive, negative, or both frequencies, introduced due to complex exponential representation of multidimensional Fourier spectrum, are suppressed, (b) real part of MDAS is original signal, (c) real and imaginary part of MDAS are orthogonal, and (d) the magnitude envelope of a original signal is obtained as the magnitude of its associated MDAS, which is the instantaneous amplitude of the MDAS. The proposed MDHT and associated DMAS are generalization of the 1D HT and AS, respectively. We also provide the decomposition of an image into the AM-FM image model by the Fourier method and obtain explicit expression for the analytic image computation by 2DDFT.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of physical activity interventions that include a creative element on executive functions and educational outcomes in primary school children
Creators: name: Vasilopoulos, Fotini
name: Dumontheil, Iroise
name: Jeffrey, Holly
name: Wu, Yanwen
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Sports Sciences
subject: Sports Studies
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This project is a systematic analytical review and meta-analysis of the short-term and long-term effects of physical activity with a creative element in contrast to physical activity alone on executive functions and educational outcomes in primary school children
Combustion of a hadronic star into a quark star: the turbulent and the diffusive regimes
Creators: name: Drago, Alessandro
name: Pagliara, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the full conversion of a hadronic star into a quark or a hybrid star occurs within two different regimes separated by a critical value of the density of the hadronic phase $\overline{n_h}$. The first stage, occurring for $n_h>\overline{n_h}$, is characterized by turbulent combustion and lasts typically a few ms. During this short time-scale neutrino cooling is basically inactive and the star heats up thanks to the heat released in the conversion. In the second stage, occurring for $n_h
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
title: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Hyperacute Tissue Injury and Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Clinically Relevant Ischemic Stroke Model in the Rat
Creators: name: Little, Philip
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Recanalisation
subject: Embolisation
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: CNS

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The relevance of vascular collateral profiling in humanacute ischemic stroke (AIS)has increased with emerging reports of itsimpact on clinical outcome. 1-3 Duringproximal large vessel occlusion, retrograde blood flow through leptomeningeal...
Muon flux measurements at the davis campus of the sanford underground research facility with the  majorana demonstrator  veto system
Creators: name: Bertrand,
name: Detwiler,
name: Schmitt,
name: Shanks,
name: Giovanetti,
name: Caldwell,
name: Jasinski,
name: Romero-Romero,
name: Trimble,
name: Tedeschi,
name: Kouzes,
name: Gruszko,
name: Buuck,
name: Christofferson,
name: Howe,
name: Vasilyev,
name: Yumatov,
name: Green,
name: Robertson,
name: Martin,
name: Mertens,
name: Aguayo,
name: Barabash,
name: Chu,
name: Yu,
name: Lopez,
name: Massarczyk,
name: Henning,
name: Galindo-Uribarri,
name: Abgrall,
name: Meijer,
name: Konovalov,
name: Vorren,
name: O'Shaughnessy,
name: Ejiri,
name: Ronquest,
name: Avignone,
name: MacMullin,
name: Byram,
name: Efremenko, Yu.
name: Radford,
name: Rielage,
name: Goett,
name: Howard,
name: Chan,
name: Rager,
name: Suriano,
name: Varner,
name: Gilliss,
name: Vetter,
name: Dunagan,
name: Snyder,
name: Busch,
name: Elliott,
name: Orrell,
name: Wiseman,
name: Cuesta,
name: Poon,
name: Hoppe,
name: Guinn,
name: Zhitnikov,
name: Keeter,
name: White,
name: Wilkerson,
name: Yakushev,
name: Brudanin,
name: Overman,
name: Bradley,
name: LaFerriere,
name: Leon,
name: Kidd,
name: Xu,
name: Shirchenko,
name: Guiseppe,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Here, we report the first measurement of the total muon flux underground at the Davis Campus of the Sanford Underground Research Facility at the 4850 ft level. Measurements were performed using the MajoranaDemonstratormuon veto system arranged in two different configurations. The measured total flux is (5.31±0.17)× 10–9μ/s/cm 2.
title: Evidence-based levels, guidelines and recommendations in interventional spine treatments according to clinical diagnoses.
Creators: name: Brat, Hugues
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Interventional non-vascular

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Evidence-based spine pain teaching file (Figure 1) aiming at: Understanding management algorithms based on clinical diagnoses Learning current evidence and recommendations of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions Clarifying existing controversies...
Fast computation of distance-generalized cores using sampling
Creators: name: Tatti, Nikolaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Core decomposition is a classic technique for discovering densely connected regions in a graph with large range of applications. Formally, a $k$-core is a maximal subgraph where each vertex has at least $k$ neighbors. A natural extension of a $k$-core is a $(k, h)$-core, where each node must have at least $k$ nodes that can be reached with a path of length $h$. The downside in using $(k, h)$-core decomposition is the significant increase in the computational complexity: whereas the standard core decomposition can be done in $O(m)$ time, the generalization can require $O(n^2m)$ time, where $n$ and $m$ are the number of nodes and edges in the given graph. In this paper we propose a randomized algorithm that produces an $ε$-approximation of $(k, h)$ core decomposition with a probability of $1 - δ$ in $O(ε^{-2} hm (\log^2 n - \log δ))$ time. The approximation is based on sampling the neighborhoods of nodes, and we use Chernoff bound to prove the approximation guarantee. We also study distance-generalized dense subgraphs, show that the problem is NP-hard, provide an algorithm for discovering such graphs with approximate core decompositions, and provide theoretical guarantees for the quality of the discovered subgraphs. We demonstrate empirically that approximating the decomposition complements the exact computation: computing the approximation is significantly faster than computing the exact solution for the networks where computing the exact solution is slow
description: Extended version
title: Soil Organic Matter Processes From the Treetops to the Clay Particle: The Role of Climate, Minerals, And Organic Matter Chemistry in Soil Carbon Accumulation and Stability
Creators: name: Murray, Jessica G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2024

description: Soils store more carbon than plants and the atmosphere, yet release ten times more carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere than human activities each year. Small shifts in the balance of soil carbon storage and soil carbon emissions could make climate change less severe, by acting as a sink for the carbon plants pull from the atmosphere, or make climate change worse, by releasing even more planet-warming greenhouse gases. The processes governing whether soils store or release carbon depend on tiny soil microorganisms which convert plant carbon to soil organic matter, releasing CO2 in the process. In my dissertation, I addressed questions about soil organic matter development and the factors that determine whether carbon stays locked in the soil or is lost to the atmosphere. I investigated how climate and small-scale processes determine how much canopy soil accumulates on tree branches. I found evidence that canopy soils may lose more carbon under climate change, as it relies on fog to accumulate and may decompose faster in warmer climates. I also set the stage for future canopy soil research by defining the scales at which canopy soil properties vary. I realized that canopy soils, which consist of organic matter with no clay minerals, present an opportunity to study basic questions about SOM processes. I mixed canopy soil with clay in the laboratory to understand how clay interacts with soil organic matter chemistry to prevent soil CO2 losses and store new soil carbon. Clay reduced soil CO2 emissions while promoting the storage of new carbon that enters the soil. However, when the soil organic matter has already lost carbon through decomposition, soils with clay store less new carbon. I then investigated how soil carbon is affected by warming in natural ecosystems using an existing field warming experiment in the tropical alpine páramo. I found páramo soil CO2 emissions were unaffected by 1-2°C warming because they are more sensitive to soil moisture than temperature. Collectively, this work shines new light on the different scales at which soil organic matter processes occur, and how the factors driving soil carbon storage vs. CO2 emissions interact.