cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ionization and Coulomb explosion of Xenon clusters by intense, few-cycle laser pulses
Creators: name: Mathur, D.
name: Rajgara, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intense, ultrashort pulses of 800 nm laser light (12 fs, $\sim$4 optical cycles) of peak intensity 5$\times$10$^{14}$ W cm$^{-2}$ have been used to irradiate gas-phase Xe$_n$ clusters ($n$=500-25,000) so as to induce multiple ionization and subsequent Coulomb explosion. Energy distributions of exploding ions are measured in the few-cycle domain that does not allow sufficient time for the cluster to undergo Coulomb-driven expansion. This results in overall dynamics that appear to be significantly different to those in the many-cycle regime. One manifestation is that the maximum ion energies are measured to be much lower than those obtained when longer pulses of the same intensity are used. Ion yields are cluster-size independent but polarization dependent in that they are significantly larger when the polarization is perpendicular to the detection axis than along it. This unexpected behavior is qualitatively rationalized in terms of a spatially anisotropic shielding effect induced by the electronic charge cloud within the cluster.
Economic Growth of Selected 14 Countries
Creators: name: Shia, Lydia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: research
GDP
spending

description: This is a project that aims to study the economic growth in selected 14 countries with the highest average GDP from 2013 to 2017. In conducting the research, three major spending categories: education, healthcare, and military were studied and explored to measure the economic growth in the selected countries.

A compilation of analysis in various media are attached to this publication. To have a comprehensive understanding of the research project, please download the zip file, index.zip, and open index.html, which contains interactive visual aids that are operated by Google API. The page is divided into sections, with the first section being the introduction and followed by three major expenditure categories: Education, Healthcare and Military. An overall comparison and selected other trends are included for further exploratory analysis. The page is then completed by the section of conclusion and study references.

Please use Chrome for an optimized view of the visualization materials.
Genetic and molecular analysis of resistance protein mediated plant immunity
Creators: name: Fang, Xu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Upon recognition of pathogen effectors, plant resistance proteins trigger strong defence responses that restrict the growth and spread of pathogens. Most of these immune receptors are nucleotide-binding (NB) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain-containing proteins (NLRs). SNC1 (Suppressor of npr1, constitutive 1) is an Arabidopsis Toll/interleukin-1 Receptor (TIR)-type NLR that was originally identified through a gain-of-function autoimmune mutant, snc1, from a forward genetic screen. My Ph.D. thesis is comprised of three projects, all taking advantage of the unique autoimmune phenotypes of snc1 to enable efficient genetic screening. Firstly, MOS12 was identified from the snc1 suppressor screen, which encodes a protein homologous to cyclin L of mouse and human. MOS12 is required for both SNC1- and RPS4- mediated defense response through its involvement in alternative splicing of SNC1 and RPS4. MOS12 associates with the MAC in planta and MAC components also contribute to proper splicing of SNC1 and RPS4. This study provides the emerging regulatory details of alternative splicing of certain NLR genes. Secondly, the transcription factor bHLH84 was isolated from a reverse genetic screen by its ability to confer enhanced immunity when overexpressed. bHLH84 and its homologs function redundantly in SNC1- and RPS4-mediated defense response. While bHLH84 does not seem to regulate the expression of NLR-encoding genes directly, it associates with SNC1 and RPS4 to fulfil their function in plant immunity. Being a transcription activator, bHLH84 associates with nuclear NLR proteins, probably in parallel with NLR-associated transcription repressors, enabling potentially fast and robust transcriptional reprogramming upon pathogen recognition. Lastly, the identification and functional study of MUSE6 revealed the crucial impact of N-terminal acetylation on the turnover of SNC1. Biochemical analysis uncovered that SNC1 undergoes alternative translation initiation, which provides respective substrates for NatA and NatB. SNC1 peptides translated from the first Met are targeted by NatA, and the acetylation serves as a degron, while SNC1 peptides initiated from the second Met are targeted by NatB, which stabilizes the protein. Different acetylation events on SNC1 are speculated to provide more flexibility to maintain its homeostasis. Overall, my Ph.D thesis research contributes to the better understanding of NLR protein regulation and activation.
New training and support to address the barriers to implementing Open and FAIR data practices
Creators: name: Partridge, Adam Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: FAIR data
RDM
Open Research
Research Data Management
UKRN

description: A FAIRy tale by Adam Partridge – a personal story about how I work with FAIR data

In this opinion paper, the author, an Open Research Training Lead at The University of Sheffield, explores the barriers hindering the widespread adoption of open and FAIR data practices in academic research. Drawing on personal insights and consultations with researchers, this piece highlights concerns such as inadequate training, lack of incentives, and limited institutional support. The author proposes collaborative efforts, such as the UK Reproducibility Network's Open Research Programme and ELIXIR-UK RDMbites, as means to address these challenges. By advocating for targeted training initiatives and accessible resources, the paper emphasises the importance of fostering a culture that values transparency and collaboration in research practices.
Seismic diagnostics of red giants: first comparison with stellar models
Creators: name: Montalbán, J.
name: Miglio, A.
name: Noels, A.
name: Scuflaire, R.
name: Ventura, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The clear detection with CoRoT and KEPLER of radial and non-radial solar-like oscillations in many red giants paves the way to seismic inferences on the structure of such stars. We present an overview of the properties of the adiabatic frequencies and frequency separations of radial and non-radial oscillation modes for an extended grid of models. We highlight how their detection allows a deeper insight into the internal structure and evolutionary state of red giants. In particular, we find that the properties of dipole modes constitute a promising seismic diagnostic tool of the evolutionary state of red-giant stars. We compare our theoretical predictions with the first 34 days of KEPLER data and predict the frequency diagram expected for red giants in the COROT exofield in the galactic center direction.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted in ApJL
title: Topographic and geologic controls on frost cracking in Alpine rockwalls
Creators: name: Draebing, Daniel
name: Mayer, Till
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: frost weathering
subject: periglacial processes
subject: landscape evolution
subject: ice segregation
subject: freeze-thaw
subject: 550

description: Frost weathering is a major control on rockwall erosion in alpine environments. Previous frost cracking model approaches used air temperatures as a proxy for rock temperatures to drive frost weathering simulations on rockwall and on mountain scale. Unfortunately, the thermal rockwall regime differs from air temperature due to topographic effects on insolation and insulation, which affects frost weathering model results and the predicted erosion patterns. To provide a more realistic model of the rockwall regime, we installed six temperature loggers along an altitudinal gradient in the Swiss Alps, including two logger pairs at rockwalls with opposing aspects. We used the recorded rock surface temperatures to model rock temperatures in the upper 10 m of the rockwalls and as input data to run four different frost cracking models. We mapped fracture spacing and rock strength to validate the model results. Our results showed that frost cracking models are sensitive to thermal, hydraulic and mechanical parameters that affect frost cracking magnitude but frost cracking patterns in terms of peak location and affected rock mass remained consistent between varying input parameters. Thermo-mechanical models incorporate rock strength and hydraulic properties and provided a frost cracking pattern at the rockwall scale that reflects better measured fracture spacing. At the mountain scale, these models showed a pattern of increasing frost cracking with altitude, which is contrary to purely thermal models but consistent with observations of existing rockfall studies.
Influence of cross-section geometry and wire orientation on the phonon shifts in ultra-scaled Si nanowires
Creators: name: Paul, Abhijeet
name: Luisier, Mathieu
name: Klimeck, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engineering of the cross-section shape and size of ultra-scaled Si nanowires (SiNWs) provides an attractive way for tuning their structural properties. The acoustic and optical phonon shifts of the free-standing circular, hexagonal, square and triangular SiNWs are calculated using a Modified Valence Force Field (MVFF) model. The acoustic phonon blue shift (acoustic hardening) and the optical phonon red shift (optical softening) show a strong dependence on the cross-section shape and size of the SiNWs. The triangular SiNWs have the least structural symmetry as revealed by the splitting of the degenerate flexural phonon modes and The show the minimum acoustic hardening and the maximum optical hardening. The acoustic hardening, in all SiNWs, is attributed to the decreasing difference in the vibrational energy distribution between the inner and the surface atoms with decreasing cross-section size. The optical softening is attributed to the reduced phonon group velocity and the localization of the vibrational energy density on the inner atoms. While the acoustic phonon shift shows a strong wire orientation dependence, the optical phonon softening is independent of wire orientation.
description: 10 figures, 4 Tables, submitted to JAP for review
Extracting Spacetimes using the AdS/CFT Conjecture: Part II
Creators: name: Bilson, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the holographic principle, within the context of the AdS/CFT Correspondence in the large t'Hooft limit, we investigate how the geometry of certain highly symmetric bulk spacetimes can be recovered given information of physical quantities in the dual boundary CFT. In particular, we use holographic entanglement entropy proposal (relating the entanglement entropy of certain subsystems on the boundary to the area of static minimal surfaces) to recover the bulk metric using higher dimensional minimal surface probes within a class of static, planar symmetric, asymptotically AdS spacetimes. We find analytic and perturbative expressions for the metric function in terms of the entanglement entropy of straight belt and circular disk subsystems of the boundary theory respectively. Finally, we discuss how such extractions can be generalised.
Electric Control of Multiple Domain Walls in Pt/Co/Pt Nanotrack with Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy
Creators: name: Kim, Kab-Jin
name: Lee, Jae-Chul
name: Yun, Sang-Jun
name: Gim, Gi-Hong
name: Lee, Kang-Soo
name: Choe, Sug-Bong
name: Shin, Kyung-Ho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electric control of multiple domain walls (DWs) motion is demonstrated by Pt/Co/Pt nanotracks with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Due to the weak microstructural disorders with small DW propagation field, the purely current-driven DW motion is achieved in the creep regime at current densities less than 10^7 A/cm^2 at room temperature. It is confirmed that by use of a scanning magneto-optical Kerr effect microscope, several DWs are simultaneously and identically displaced by the same distance in the same direction. Utilizing such DWs motion, we succeed to realize random bits writing and transferring as a device prototype of four-bit shift registers.
Improving Maintenance Efficiency in Kelowna Parks using a Mobile Application
Creators: name: Trenholm, Robert Ryan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Water is our world's most valuable resource, and the sustainable management of that resource is increasingly important with human population growth increasing the demand for water and climate change affecting its availability. While research efforts for irrigation sustainability have been successful, they have traditionally focused on reducing water usage through automation and optimization, and have primarily targeted agricultural and residential water users. Limited research has been done for municipalities, which use large amounts of water to irrigate parks, sports fields, and other recreation areas. Irrigation sustainability for city parks requires more than just efficient water usage; it needs continual maintenance of equipment, consideration of soil, vegetation, landscape, and climate at the parks, and a commitment from the irrigation technicians who maintain the parks. Advances in mobile technology provide new opportunities to support irrigation technicians with the management and maintenance of city parks. This thesis describes a mobile-friendly web application, the irrigation management application, which was developed to provide irrigation technicians with information on the parks they maintain and aid with maintenance activities out in the parks. A case study was performed with the Kelowna Parks Services department to evaluate the effectiveness of the application using a hybrid approach of questionnaires and scenario-based testing of maintenance activities. The results showed that irrigation technicians unfamiliar with particular parks were able to complete maintenance activities faster when using the irrigation management application than those without; in addition, they performed on par with, and in many cases better than, technicians with years of familiarity of those parks. The irrigation management application allowed irrigation technicians to be more efficient with their time and resources at the parks, and simplified decisions regarding park irrigation and practices. The City of Kelowna Parks Services department was enthusiastic about using the irrigation management application in the future.
Relation of learning on discrimination tasks to academic achievement and intelligence
Creators: name: Ferris, Nicole D.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2019

description: Currently, the literature that examines relationships between learning and memory tasks to intelligence and academic achievement are contradictory. Early findings give no support for these relationships, however more recent research does provide support for them. The present study aimed to add to this modern body of work supporting the relationship between learning and memory tasks with academic achievement and intelligence. Through the comparison of participants’ scores on a specific set of discrimination tasks to GPA and SAT scores, the findings from this study provide evidence for these relationships.
Enhancing neural-network performance via assortativity
Creators: name: de Franciscis, Sebastiano
name: Johnson, Samuel
name: Torres, Joaquín J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The performance of attractor neural networks has been shown to depend crucially on the heterogeneity of the underlying topology. We take this analysis a step further by examining the effect of degree-degree correlations -- or assortativity -- on neural-network behavior. We make use of a method recently put forward for studying correlated networks and dynamics thereon, both analytically and computationally, which is independent of how the topology may have evolved. We show how the robustness to noise is greatly enhanced in assortative (positively correlated) neural networks, especially if it is the hub neurons that store the information.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Probing High Frequency Noise with Macroscopic Resonant Tunneling
Creators: name: Lanting, T.
name: Amin, M. H. S.
name: Johnson, M. W.
name: Altomare, F.
name: Berkley, A. J.
name: Gildert, S.
name: Harris, R.
name: Johansson, J.
name: Bunyk, P.
name: Ladizinsky, E.
name: Tolkacheva, E.
name: Averin, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a method for extracting the high-frequency noise spectral density of an rf-SQUID flux qubit from macroscopic resonant tunneling (MRT) rate measurements. The extracted noise spectral density is consistent with that of an ohmic environment up to frequencies ~ 4 GHz. We have also derived an expression for the MRT lineshape expected for a noise spectral density consisting of such a broadband ohmic component and an additional strongly peaked low-frequency component. This hybrid model provides an excellent fit to experimental data across a range of tunneling amplitudes and temperatures.
Functional characterization of heterologously expressed Drosophila melanogaster organic cation transporter ORCT in Xenopus laevis oocytes
Creators: name: Cruz, Melissa Joy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The transport of organic cations (OCs) is important for lowering an organism’s susceptibility to the toxic effects of endogenous and exogenous OCs. Endogenous OCs include choline and N¹-methylnicotinamide (NMN) and catecholamines, while exogenous OCs may include xenobiotics, such as drugs, pesticides, and environmental toxins. These potentially toxic compounds must be eliminated from the organism to ensure survival. The midgut and Malpighian tubules of insects have been shown to be involved with the active transport of OCs. Two putative organic cation-like transporters, named orct and orct2, have previously been identified and cloned from adult Drosophila melanogaster. Previous quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction studies showed mRNA transcripts of orct and orct2 were differentially expressed in the midgut and Malpighian tubules, and expression patterns increased following exposure to prototypical type I OC, tetraethylammonium (TEA). These findings suggest that the recently cloned Drosophila orct and orct2 will function as a transport protein for the OC substrate TEA. In this study, a dual-function expression vector, pXOOM, was used to design a molecular construct for the heterologous expression and functional characterization of Drosophila ORCT in Xenopus laevis oocytes. The kinetic profile of the expressed ORCT for TEA was determined using [¹⁴C]-labeled TEA assays. Analysis of the TEA functional assays revealed that insect ORCT is capable of a saturable, carrier-mediated transport of TEA. Maximal transport capacity (Jmax) and transport affinity for mediated TEA uptake (Kt) were 5 µmol L-¹ per oocyte and 0.33 mmol L-¹, respectively. ORCT-mediated TEA uptake was inhibited in the presence of type I and type II OCs. Quinine and verapamil inhibited TEA influx by 33 and 43%, respectively, whereas cimetidine and vinblastine did not reduce TEA uptake. These experiments coincide with previous physiological research on OC transport across insect renal tissues. The knowledge gained from this thesis may provide the basis for the development of an effective and environmentally benign insecticide, as well as allow a greater understanding of the deleterious effects of environmental pollutants on insect populations.
Data for: Pathways of savannization in a mesic African savanna-forest mosaic following an extreme fire
Creators: name: Beckett, Heath
name: Staver, A. Carla
name: Charles-Dominique, Tristan
name: Bond, William
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60208 Terrestrial Ecology

description: Article Summary1. Fires in savannas limit tree cover, thereby promoting flammable grass accumulation and fueling further frequent fires. Meanwhile, forests and thickets form dense canopies that reduce C4-grass fuel loads and creating a humid microclimate, thereby excluding fires under typical climatic conditions. 2. However, extreme fires occasionally burn into these closed-canopy systems. Although these rare fires cause substantial tree mortality and can make repeat fires more likely, the long-term consequences of an extreme fire for closed canopy vegetation structure and potential to convert to savanna (hereafter “savannization”) remain largely unknown. 3. Here, we analysed whether an extreme fire could, alone, alter species composition, vegetation structure, and fire regimes of closed-canopy ecosystems in an intact savanna-forest-thicket mosaic, or whether successive fires after an initial extreme fire were necessary to trigger a biome transition between from forest to savanna. 4. We found that forests that only burned once recovered, whereas those that burned again following an initial extreme fire transitioned from closed-canopy forests towards open, grassy savannas. 5. While thickets had less tree mortality in fires than forests, repeat fires nonetheless precipitated a transition towards savannas. 6. Colonization of the savanna tree community lagged behind the grass community, but also began to transition. Synthesis. Our results suggest that rare extreme fires, followed by repeated burning can indeed result in savannization in places where savanna and forest represent alternative stable states.
Files:
Composition Data.csvTree composition data for each transect, species split by size classes
grass_comp_biomass.csv Grass composition data for each transect

Plot_cover_fires_sampling.xlsxInformation about transect sampling dates, historical tree cover based on Beckett & Bond (2019), and fire history of each transect
Exploring the Connection Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Case Study
Creators: name: Sedghi, Newsha
name: Ciobanu, Voicu S.
Publisher: name: Intermountain Journal of Translational Medicine
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
subject: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
subject: sleep disorders
subject: intracranial bleeding

description: A middle-aged female with a medical history of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and gestational diabetes presented to the clinic requesting an updated sleep study and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy. She also expressed concerns about persistent symptoms of "neuro-fatigue" and weight gain. Her previous sleep study indicated an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) score of 10 events per hour.

This case was managed in an outpatient family medicine setting, which posed some treatment challenges in the context and scope of a family medicine clinic. The patient was referred to a CPAP titration clinic, and laboratory tests were ordered to check for prediabetes. Additionally, referrals to a neurologist and for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan were recommended.

This case highlights the potential connection between obstructive sleep apnea and subarachnoid hemorrhage, underscoring the need for physicians to consider these conditions' possible relationship when treating patients.
Event-based Corpuscular Model for Quantum Optics Experiments
Creators: name: Michielsen, K.
name: Jin, F.
name: De Raedt, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A corpuscular simulation model of optical phenomena that does not require the knowledge of the solution of a wave equation of the whole system and reproduces the results of Maxwell's theory by generating detection events one-by-one is presented. The event-based corpuscular model is shown to give a unified description of multiple-beam fringes of a plane parallel plate, single-photon Mach-Zehnder interferometer, Wheeler's delayed choice, photon tunneling, quantum erasers, two-beam interference, double-slit, and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm and Hanbury Brown-Twiss experiments.
description: To appear in J. Comp. Theor. Nanoscience
Saturation effects in QCD from linear transport equation
Creators: name: Kutak, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the GBW saturation model provides an exact solution to the one-dimensional linear transport equation. We also show that it is motivated by the BK equation considered in the saturated regime when the diffusion and the splitting term in the diffusive approximation are balanced by the nonlinear term.
description: Contribution to DIS 2010
Circular Currents in Molecular Wires
Creators: name: Rai, Dhurba
name: Hod, Oded
name: Nitzan, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider circular currents in molecular wires with loop substructures studied within simple tight-binding models. Previous studies of this issue have focused on specific molecular structures. Here we address several general issues. First we consider the quantitative definition of a circular current and adopt a definition that identified the circular component of a loop current as the sole source of the magnetic field induced in the loop. The latter may be associated with the field at the loop center, with the magnetic moment associated with this field or with the total magnetic flux threading the loop. We show that all three definitions yield an identical measure of the loop current. Secondly, we study dephasing effects on the loop current and the associated induced magnetic field. Finally, we consider circular currents in several molecular structures: benzene, azulene, naphthalene and anthracene and show that circular currents occur generically in such structures and can be, in certain voltage ranges, considerably larger than the net current through the molecule, and are furthermore quite persistent to normal thermal dephasing.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures
Project control system (PCS) implementation in engineering and construction projects: an empirical study in Saudi’s petroleum and chemical industry
Creators: name: Jawad, Sahar
name: LEDWITH, ANN
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: Engineering

description: Purpose – There is growing recognition that effective project control systems (PCS) are critical to the success of projects. The relationship between the individual elements of PCS and successfully achieving project objectives has yet to be explored. This research investigates the enablers and barriers that influence the elements of PCS success and drive project objectives. Design/methodology/approach – This study adopts a mixed approach of descriptive analysis and regression models to explore the impact of six PCS elements on project outcomes. Petroleum and chemical projects in Saudi Arabia were selected as a case study to validate the research model. Findings –Data from a survey of 400 project managers in Saudi’s petroleum and chemical industry reveal that successful PCS are the key to achieving all project outcomes, but they are particularly critical for meeting project cost objectives. Project Governance was identified as the most important of the six PCS elements for meeting project objectives. A lack of standard processes emerged as the most significant barrier to achieving effective project governance, while having skilled and experienced project team members was the most significant enabler for implementing earned value. Practical implications – The study offers a direction for implementing and developing PCS as a strategic tool and focuses on the PCS elements that can improve project outcomes. Originality/value – This research contributes to project management knowledge and differs from previous attempts in two ways. Firstly, it investigates the elements of PCS that are critical to achieving project scope, schedule and cost objectives; secondly, enablers and barriers of PCS success are examined to see how they influence each element independently.
The effect of dietary lipids on colitis
Creators: name: DeCoffe, Daniella Caitlyn Shireen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are a major concern in the developed world such as North America and Europe. It has been speculated that diet is an important risk factor in triggering IBD, as well as in inducing symptoms in IBD patients. However, to date no single nutrient has been confirmed empirically as either a contributing factor, or conversely, a preventative factor, that can protect against the disease. The main objective of this project was to determine the effects of dietary lipids on intestinal inflammation in vivo and in vitro before and during colitis. To achieve this, I studied high fat diets (HFD) : n-6 PUFA, MUFA and SFA and studied each of these HFD supplemented with n-3 PUFA. The mice, after 5 weeks of eating the lipid diets, were orally gavaged with an enteric pathogen Citrobacter rodentium commonly used to induce intestinal inflammation found during colitis. I determined the effects of different dietary oils on the intestinal immune responses by quantifying infiltration of immune cells and examining colonic, serum cytokine and chemokine responses. Since I had previously found that intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) played a role in survival during infection induced colitis, I examined expression and activity of IAP in vivo and in vitro using 264.7 RAW (Mouse leukaemic monocyte macrophage) and Caco-2 (human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma) cells stimulated with various fatty acids and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Overall my results showed that mice fed MUFA rich diets and inflicted with colitis were the most protected, whereas mice fed n-6 PUFA and SFA had exacerbated colitic responses compared to uninfected mice. Mice fed SFA diets and inflicted with colitis had increased compensating protective homeostatic responses such as: IL-10, IL-33, Reg3γ and T regulatory cells. The n-6 PUFA supplemented with n-3 PUFA diets resulted in a negative outcome on the host immune response in mice. In contrast, MUFA and SFA diets supplemented with n-3 PUFA had no effect on immune responses in mice. In conclusion, I recommend that people suffering from IBD should not supplement n-6 PUFA diets with n-3 PUFA. IBD patients should consider a diet rich in MUFA and/or SFA diets.
Towards Detecting The 2175-Å Dust Feature Associated With Strong High Redshift Mg ßII Absorption Lines
Creators: name: Jiang, Peng
name: Ge, Jian
name: Zhou, Hongyan
name: Wang, Junxian
name: Wang, Tinggui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report detections of 39 2175-Å dust extinction bump candidates associated with strong Mg II absorption lines at z$\sim$ 1--1.8 on quasar spectra in Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR3. These strong Mg II absorption line systems are detected among 2,951 strong Mg II absorbers with the rest equivalent width $W_r\lambda2796 >$ 1.0Å at $1.0 < z < 1.86$, which is part of a full sample of 7,421 strong Mg II absorbers compiled by Prochter et al. (2006). The redshift range of the absorbers is chosen to allow the 2175-Å extinction features to be completely covered within the SDSS spectrograph operation wavelength range. An upper limit of the background quasar emission redshift at z$=$2.1 is set to prevent the Ly$α$ forest lines from contaminating the sensitive spectral region for the 2175-Å bump measurements. The FM90 (Fitzpatrick & Massa 1990) parameterization is applied to model the Optical/UV extinction curve in the rest frame of Mg II absorbers of the 2175-Å bump candidates. The simulation technique developed by Jiang et al. (2010a, b) is used to derive the statistical significance of the candidate 2175-Å bumps. A total of 12 absorbers are detected with 2175-Å bumps at a 5$σ$ level of statistical significance, 10 are detected at a 4$σ$ level and 17 are detected at a 3$σ$ level. Most of the candidate bumps in this work are similar to the relatively weak 2175-Å bumps observed in the Large Magellanic Clouds (LMC) LMC2 supershell rather than the strong ones observed in the Milky Way (MW). This sample has greatly increased the total number of 2175-Å extinction bumps measured on SDSS quasar spectra. Follow-up observations may rule out some of possible false detections and reveal the physical and chemical natures of 2175-Å quasar absorbers.
description: 71 pages, 6 tables, 49 figures, accepted by ApJ, Table 1 is available entirely at http://home.ustc.edu.cn/~jpaty/dataset/qso_dr7.dat ;Table 2 is available entirely at http://home.ustc.edu.cn/~jpaty/dataset/rejected.list
title: The Preliminary Ruling Procedure 2.0
Creators: name: Petrić, Davor
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: preliminary ruling procedure
subject: jurisdiction
subject: Court of Justice
subject: General Court
subject: specific areas of EU law
subject: national courts

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2023 8(1), 25-42
description: European Forum Insight of 19 April 2023
description: European Papers (News of dd month yyyy)
description: I. Introduction. - II. How did we get here? - III. What is the General Court supposed to get? - IV. When is a matter specific and exclusive? - V. When should the General Court refer the matter back to the Court of Justice? - VI. Which way, national courts? - VII. Conclusion.
description: The end of 2022 saw the publication of the proposal for reform of the preliminary ruling procedure, drafted by the Court of Justice of the EU. If the proposal goes through, it will bring about one of the most significant changes in the EU judicial system in its seventy years’ history. In this Insight, I start with an overview of the background to this reform proposal in order to provide the relevant context, before turning to its content. The focus is on specific areas of EU law in which the General Court would acquire jurisdiction in the preliminary ruling procedure. Then I discuss some downsides of the proposed distribution of powers between the Court of Justice and the General Court and suggest certain adjustments to the practice of the two courts to make the reformed preliminary ruling mechanism respond better to its objectives. Before concluding, I also reflect on the possible impact of the reform on the most numerous members of the EU judicial system – national courts.
Fracture network characterization in enhanced geothermal systems by induced seismicity analysis
Creators: name: Köpke, Rike
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Enhanced Geothermal systems
Induced seismicity
Fracture networks

description: Subject of the doctoral project is to study induced seismicity in enhanced geothermal systems to characterize the underground fracture network. The first part of this work focuses on the case study of the Rittershoffen deep geothermal reservoir. It is demonstrated how the integration of advanced processing techniques can lead to a deeper insight into the structure of the fault system and its reaction to repeated fluid injection. In the second part of this work, a new method is proposed to highlight the fracture network in seismic clouds that do not form apparent planar structures. With this method, the likelihood of having a fracture at a given location is computed from the distribution of seismic events and their source parameters.
IProPBio: Intergrated Process and Product design for sustainable Biorefineries - Final workshop 26 June 2023
Creators: name: Errico, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Valuable products
residual biomasses
greener society

description: Workshop program 26 June 2023,
 Det adelige jomfrukloster, Odense
Exotic many-body physics with large-spin Fermi gases
Creators: name: Wu, Congjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimental realization of quantum degenerate cold Fermi gases with large hyperfine spins opens up a new opportunity for exotic many-body physics.
Entanglement Entropy in an Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg Spin Chain with Boundary Impurities
Creators: name: Ren, Jie
name: Zhu, Shiqun
name: Hao, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of boundary impurities on the entanglement entropy in an antiferromagnetic Heisenberg opened spin-$1/2$ chain are investigated. The method of density-matrix renormalization-group is used to obtain the bipartite entanglement. The entropy increases when the length of the subsystem increases. It will approach to a constant when system length is very large. With the same impurity interaction, qutrit impurities of spin-$1$ can increase the entanglement entropy.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
CO Observations of the Host Galaxy of GRB000418 at z = 1.1
Creators: name: Hatsukade, Bunyo
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Endo, A.
name: Nakanishi, Kouichiro
name: Ohta, Kouji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed CO(J=2-1) observations of the host galaxy of GRB000418 at z=1.1181 with the Plateau de Bure Interferometer. Previous studies show that the host galaxy has properties similar to those of an ultraluminous infrared galaxy (ULIRG). The star-formation rate (SFR) of the host galaxy as derived from submillimeter and radio continuum emission is a few 100 M_sun/yr, which is an order of magnitude greater than the SFR derived from optical line emission. The large discrepancy between the SFRs derived from different observing wavelengths indicates the presence of a bulk of dust-obscured star formation and molecular gas that is enough to sustain the intense star formation. We failed to detect CO emission and derived 2sigma upper limits on the velocity integrated CO(2-1) luminosity of L'CO < 6.9 x 10^9 K km/s/pc^2 and the molecular gas mass of M(H2) < 5.5 x 10^9 M_sun by adopting a velocity width of 300 km/s and a CO-to-H2 conversion factor of alpha_CO = 0.8 M_sun/(K km/s/pc^2), which are standard values for ULIRGs. The lower limit on the ratio of far-infrared luminosity to CO luminosity, a measure of the star-formation efficiency, is higher compared to that of other gamma-ray burst hosts and other galaxy populations, which is consistent with active star formation taking place in this galaxy.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
The More the Merrier? - Looking at LibGuides through the UX Lens
Creators: name: Prykäri, Essi
name: Sinisalo, Riikka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: LibGuides, User testing

description: This presentation describes the results of LibGuides user survey and testing session first presented in ECIL (European conference on information literacy) 2021. In addition, a script of user testing session including the tasks is available.
three-channel-CNN application example for CL prediction in ARF
Creators: name: 顾珍煜
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330301
subject: Data visualisation and computational (incl. parametric and generative) design

description: In this example, excessively triggering the boundary correction step shown in line 46 leads to significant errors. Therefore, we strongly recommend using smaller attraction and inertia coefficients or modifying the boundary modification strategy in line 46. Please forgive us for not intending to release the training program for this neural network. If you are interested in this research, feel free to send an email to the corresponding author or to me at: 1084886676@qq.com.
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#February 6, 2024
The purpose of this revision is to ensure that the external link (which is this link) complies with OSA citation requirements. This link showcases our latest research paper titled "Confinement Loss Prediction in Diverse Anti-Resonant Fibers through Neural Network" along with the relevant data. Code1 is an example code demonstrating ARF design using predicted values driven PSO iterations. The file 'net_and_set.mat' contains the CNN required for this code.
Controlling Molecular Scattering by Laser-Induced Field-Free Alignment
Creators: name: Gershnabel, E.
name: Averbukh, I. Sh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider deflection of polarizable molecules by inhomogeneous optical fields, and analyze the role of molecular orientation and rotation in the scattering process. It is shown that molecular rotation induces spectacular rainbow-like features in the distribution of the scattering angle. Moreover, by preshaping molecular angular distribution with the help of short and strong femtosecond laser pulses, one may efficiently control the scattering process, manipulate the average deflection angle and its distribution, and reduce substantially the angular dispersion of the deflected molecules. We provide quantum and classical treatment of the deflection process. The effects of strong deflecting field on the scattering of rotating molecules are considered by the means of the adiabatic invariants formalism. This new control scheme opens new ways for many applications involving molecular focusing, guiding and trapping by optical and static fields.
An indoor optical wireless location comparison between an angular receiver and an image receiver
Creators: name: Arafa, Ahmed Tarek
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: In this work, the positioning accuracies of two novel photoreceivers are demonstrated. The two photoreceivers, namely an angular receiver and an image receiver, estimate their position via triangulation by measuring the angle of arrival (AOA) of light from LED optical beacons. The angular receiver consists of three PDs assembled in a corner-cube structure, while the image receiver consists of a custom-made microlens over top of a CMOS array image sensor. The mean AOA accuracy of the angular receiver was found to be 2° whereas the mean AOA accuracy of the image receiver was found to be 0.5°. The effect of LED optical beacon and photoreceiver geometry was quantified in terms of Dilution of Precision (DOP). The position accuracy of the photoreceivers was quantified while static and in motion. In the static case, the mean position accuracy of the angular receiver was found to be 5 cm whereas the mean position accuracy of the image receiver was found to be 2.5 cm. While the photoreceivers were in motion, the mean position accuracy of the angular receiver was found to be on the order of 10 cm whereas the mean position accuracy of the image receiver was found to be 4 cm.
title: MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND CRACK RETARDATION OF GLASS FIBRE MICROASPHALT
Creators: name: Kirwan, J
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2026

description: A project was undertaken in conjunction with Colas, a UK road design, maintenance and surfacing company with the use of pavement laboratory facilities provided by Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU). The focus of the project was to assess Colas’ conventional microasphalt surfacing product Ralumac 2000 with the inclusion of glass fibres with the aim of increasing the material’s resistance to reflective cracking. Ralumac is typically applied on top of an existing defective road surface in two consecutive courses. It was for the lower of these courses that the glass fibre was introduced to provide a reinforcing layer or SAMI (stress absorbing membrane interlayer). To achieve the project goal, it was necessary to collate previously unknown mechanical properties of conventional microasphalt (CM) and glass fibre microasphalt (GFM) in order to compare their attributes. An experimental and quantitative research approach was adopted, and a series of laboratory tests were carried out to determine stiffness, resistance to permanent deformation and fracture toughness by crack propagation. Due to the slurry nature of microasphalt an optimum curing technique was adopted to allow the material to gain adequate strength to undergo testing by Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) standards. Optimum fibre quantity was also examined and 0.25 % provided the most favourable outcome. Further laboratory tests were carried out on CM and GFM, as a composite overlay to match site conditions, to determine wheel rutting resistance and its ability to resist reflective cracking by simulating crack extension by thermal cycling. Finite element modelling (FEM) of the composite GFM over a simulated crack was undertaken to determine the magnitude of displacement, stress and tensile strain at the crack tip whilst under wheel loading at varying temperatures (10 °C and 20 °C). Findings revealed that GFM exhibited lower stiffness but greater flexibility before failure and provided greater resistance in terms of permanent deformation, with wheel tracking rate and rut depth showing a 6 % improvement over CM. Under crack extension GFM demonstrated absorption of tensile strain with bottom-up cracks being delayed and dispersed away from the vertical crack propagation path. FEM corroborated the findings observed in the laboratory and revealed that the absorption of stress and strain in the GFM layer led to the reduction of stresses in the surface course by 21 % and 28 % at temperatures of 20 °C and 10 °C respectively.