cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
U.S. Agriculture, 1960-96 A Multilateral Comparison of Total Factor Productivity
Creators: name: Ball, V. Eldon
name: Butault, Jean-Pierre
name: Nehring, Richard F.
name: Ball, V. Eldon
name: Butault, Jean-Pierre
name: Nehring, Richard F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: production accounts
subject: multilateral index numbers
subject: total factor productivity

description: This study provides estimates of the growth and relative levels of agricultural productivity for the 48 contiguous States for the period 1960 to 1996. For the full 1960-96 period, every State exhibits a positive and generally substantial average annual rate of productivity growth. There is considerable variance, however. The wide disparity in growth rates resulted in substantial changes in the ranking order of States by productivity. For each year, we calculate the coefficient of variation of productivity levels. We use these coefficients to show that the range of levels of productivity has narrowed over time, although the pattern of convergence was far from uniform. The fact that in some States, productivity grew faster than others and yet the cross-section dispersion decreased, implies that the States whose productivity grew most rapidly were those with lower initial levels of productivity. This result is consistent with Gerschenkron's notion of the advantage of relative backwardness. The States that were particularly far behind the productivity leaders had the most to gain from the diffusion of technical knowledge and proceeded to grow most rapidly. We also observe a positive relation between capital accumulation and productivity growth, implying embodiment of technology in capital.
Experimental techniques to study the $γ$ process for nuclear astrophysics at the Cologne accelerator laboratory
Creators: name: Heim, F.
name: Mayer, J.
name: Müller, M.
name: Scholz, P.
name: Weinert, M.
name: Zilges, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear astrophysics setup at the Institute for Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, Germany is dedicated to measurements of total and partial cross sections of charged-particle induced reactions at astrophysically relevant energies. These observables are key ingredients for reaction network calculations of various stellar scenarios, and crucial for the understanding of the nucleosynthesis of elements. The experiments utilize the high-efficiency $γ$-ray spectrometer HORUS, and the 10 MV FN-Tandem accelerator. An updated target chamber as well as further experimental methods established in the last years will be presented which allow to measure cross sections down to the nb region. The reliability of the measured cross sections is proven by a $^{89}$Y(p,$γ$)$^{90}$Zr commissioning experiment. Additionally, an application for nuclear astrophysics will be presented. The results of a $^{93}$Nb(p,$γ$)$^{94}$Mo experiment will be discussed as well as their deviations compared to formerly reported results.
description: Published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A 966, 163854 (2020). This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license
Nanogranular MgB2 thin films on SiC buffered Si substrates prepared by in-situ method
Creators: name: Chromik, S.
name: Huran, J.
name: Strbik, V.
name: Spankova, M.
name: Vavra, I.
name: Bohne, W.
name: Rohrich, J.
name: Strub, E.
name: Kovac, P.
name: Stancek, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MgB2 thin films were deposited on SiC buffered Si substrates by sequential electron beam evaporation of B-Mg bilayer followed by in-situ annealing. The application of a SiC buffer layer enables the maximum annealing temperature of 830 C. The Transmission Electron Microscopy analysis confirms the growth of a nanogranular MgB2 film and the presence of a Mg2Si compound at the surface of the film. The 150-200 nm thick films show a maximum zero resistance critical temperature TC0 above 37 K and a critical current density JC ~ 106 A/cm2 at 11K.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Applied Physics Letters
Varieties, Attributes and Marketed Surplus of a Subsistence Crop: Bananas in Uganda
Creators: name: Edmeades, Svetlana
name: Edmeades, Svetlana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: In this paper, the heterogeneity of crops is recognized and food commodities are disaggregated into varieties of a crop in order to test whether variety attributes influence the size of the marketed surpluses of selling households. The behavior of semi-subsistence banana producing households in Uganda is examined using farm-level survey data collected in 2003. Bananas, the staple crop of the country, are important for meeting immediate consumption requirements and for income generation. The relationship between marketed surpluses and variety attributes is defined theoretically and tested empirically using a semi-parametric censored quantile regression. Inferences are made in two stages to account for differences in the structure of decision-making. Findings suggest that households sell the excess production of varieties that yield larger bunches, while keeping the bunches of varieties with perceived superior quality attributes for own consumption. Reducing transactions costs is perhaps a necessary condition for stimulating market participation, but it is not a sufficient condition for explaining the composition of participation. Provision of information and improvement of market signals related to quality characteristics of specific varieties may also be required in order to stimulate a more disaggregated supply response across varieties. This can, consequently, have implications for crop improvement strategies.
Electronic excitations in atomic clusters: beyond dipole plasmon
Creators: name: Nesterenko, V. O.
name: Reinhard, P. -G.
name: Kleinig, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multipole electron modes beyond the Mie plasmon in atomic clusters are investigated within the time-dependent local density approximation theory (TDLDA). We consider the origin of the modes, their connection with basic cluster properties and possible routes of experimental observation. Particular attention is paid to infrared magnetic orbital modes, scissors and twist, and electric quadrupole mode. The scissors and twist modes determine orbital magnetism of clusters while the electric quadrupole mode provides direct access to the single electron spectra of the cluster. We examine two-photon processes (Raman scattering, stimulated emission pumping and stimulated adiabatic Raman passage) as the most promising tools for experimental investigation of the modes.
description: 37 pages, 15 figures. To be published as a chapter in the book "Atomic and Molecular clusters: New research", Nova Science Publisher (NY)
Payments for Watershed Services: An Application to Irrigation Pricing in the El Angel Watershed, Carchi, Ecuador
Creators: name: Vega, J.
name: Lee, David R.
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
name: Steenhuis, Tammo S.
name: Proano, M.
name: Poats, S.
name: Vega, J.
name: Lee, David R.
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
name: Steenhuis, Tammo S.
name: Proano, M.
name: Poats, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Water scarcity is increasingly viewed as the principal constraint limiting agricultural production and human livelihood improvement in the rural areas of many developing countries. Policies that encourage more efficient and equitable water use - including the introduction of incentive-based water pricing systems - are an important challenge. This paper reports the results of a mathematical programming model which was constructed for the El Angel watershed in northern Ecuador with the goal of exploring the effects of several water pricing alternatives. The model incorporates farmers' crop and pasture planting and resource allocation decisions, based on maximizing regional gross margin subject to land, water, labor, seasonal, food security and other constraints. Four water pricing scenarios are examined. The results show that adequate water resources currently exist to permit a reallocation of water within the watershed, which would generate higher regional production and incomes. Several water pricing alternatives are explored which would discipline water use in those parts of the watershed where water is currently overused and unregulated. Incomes could be significantly increased in currently waterscarce parts of the watershed while generating only small reductions in production and incomes in water-abundant zones. While tradeoffs exist among economic, environmental and employment goals, significant net gains are achievable. If a differentiated system of water prices is considered to be unrealistic, a system of single seasonal prices would likely generate reduced, though significant, benefits. Introducing a system of comprehensive water charges would likely create similar benefits in other developing country watersheds facing similar resource constraints.
ジャズのベースラインの自動生成
Creators: name: 志賀あゆみ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: ジャズ、ベースライン、自動生成

description: ジャズの楽譜にはベーシストが弾くべきベースラインが書かれていない場合が ある. そのため, ベースを演奏するとき, ベーシストは楽譜のコード進行から自ら ベースラインを作成する必要がある. しかし初心者にとって, ベースラインを作る ことは容易ではない. まず, 自分でベースラインを考えようとしても, コードを見 ただけでは何の音を弾いたらいいかわからないという問題がある. また, インター ネット上にベースラインの演奏例が公開されている場合もあるが, すべての曲に 対応しているわけではなく, 仮に演奏例が存在したとしても, 難しいものは真似す ることが困難である. このことから本研究は, ユーザがベースを練習する際に生じ る, “自分でベースラインの作成が困難” という問題と, “入手できるベースライン が演奏者の演奏レベルに合うとは限らない” という 2 つの問題の解消を狙ったもの である. まず, “自分でベースラインの作成が困難” という問題については, ユーザから与 えられた任意のコード進行に対してジャズのベースラインの自動生成を行い, ベー シストが手本となるベースラインを探す, または生成する手間をなくすことで解決 する. ベースラインの自動生成が難しいのは, 前後の音とコードのつながりなどを 考慮に入れながら, 行わなければならないからである. そして, 単純なルールだけ では効果的な生成は困難である. そこで, まずベースラインの自動生成は隠れマル コフモデル (Hidden Markov Model : HMM) を用いて行う. HMM の場合, 「コー ド進行のみが与えられた場合, その背後に隠されたベースラインを推定する問題」 という発想で考える. すなわち, 与えられたコード進行から適合するベースラインを決定するのではなく, そのコード進行を決定したと考えられるベースラインを, 遡って推定する逆問題と考える. このような問題を解決するために, HMM が多く 使われているため, この自動生成の問題も HMM を用いて定式化する. あるベース ラインからコード進行の生成される過程を HMM を用いて確率モデル化し, 尤度最 大の原理によって与えられたコード進行を生成する遷移系列の中で最も尤度の高 い系列を Viterbi アルゴリズムによって求める. 本研究では, 隠れ状態が異なる 3 つの手法でベースラインの自動生成を行う. 手法 1 は各音名を隠れ状態とし, 手法 2 では各音高を隠れ状態に, 手法 3 では拍節位置ごとの各音名を隠れ状態と設定す る. 出力記号は共通してコード進行とする. HMM を用いることで, 確率的に最も もっともらしいベースラインを生成することができる. 次に, “入手できるベースラインが演奏者の演奏レベルに合うとは限らない” と いう問題については, ユーザが生成するベースラインの難易度を選択することで解 決する. ベースラインの自動生成には HMM の手法 3 が後述の実験から有効であ るとわかったため, 手法 3 の考えを基本として, 難易度を追加したものを遺伝的ア ルゴリズム (Genetic Algorithm : GA) を用いて実装する. GA は, 適応度関数が最 大の個体が得られるように個体の選択, 交叉, 突然変異を繰り返す最適化アルゴリ ズムである. GA はモデルに制約がなく, 適応度関数を自由に設計することができ るため, 適応度関数さえ設計すればどんな問題も解決することができる. そのため, 確率的に最ももっともらしいベースラインを生成することに加え, 適応度関数に生 成するベースラインの演奏上の難易度に関する制約を入れることで, ベースライン の難易度を制御することができる. 本研究では, 難易度を 3 つ用意し, 難易度ごと にベースラインの自動生成を行う. 難易度はリズムと指の移動量によって変化さ せる. 実装したベースラインの自動生成システムの有効性を確認するために, 生成され たベースラインが適切なものであるかどうか検証する. 103 個のコード進行に対し て HMM の 3 つの手法でベースラインの自動生成を行い, 客観評価と専門家による主観評価を行った. 3 手法それぞれの評価の結果, 手法 3 による生成結果が正解デー タとの一致率が 41.75%で最も高い結果であった. その他の客観評価も 8 項目中 6 項目で 3 つの手法の中で手法 3 が正解データに最も近い結果であった. また主観評 価でも 4 つの項目すべてで手法 3 がいい結果となった. 以上のことから, 拍節を考 慮した手法 3 によるベースラインの自動生成が最も有効な手法であるとわかった. 次に GA に対しても実験を行った. まず, 世代数を決定するために重み値をす べて 1 で固定し, 1, 10, 25, 50, 100 世代数ごとに自動生成を行い, 正解データとの 一致率を求めた. その結果, 世代数を 25 から増やしても一致率があまり変わらな かったため, 世代数を 25 と決定した. 次に, 重み値を決定するために世代数を固定 し, 様々なパラメータの組み合わせで自動生成を行い, 正解データとの一致率を求 めた. 単体での精度が 43.58%と圧倒的に高い chord に加え, 難易度を変化させる move と off を含めた組み合わせの中で最も一致率が高いものを GA での生成に使 用した. この実験の結果から, chord, move, off の 3 つのみを使ってベースラインを 生成する手法が 36.2%で最も高かった. 次に, 実験で求めた世代数と適応度関数を 使用して生成を行ったところ, 初級, 中級, 上級それぞれの難易度の定義 (8 分音符 の割合, 指の移動量) に沿ったベースラインが生成された
From Color Glass Condensate to Quark Gluon Plasma through the event horizon
Creators: name: Kharzeev, Dmitri
name: Tuchin, Kirill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new thermalization scenario for heavy ion collisions which at sufficiently high energies implies the phase transition to the quark--gluon plasma. The key ingredient of our approach is the Hawking--Unruh effect: an observer moving with an acceleration $a$ experiences the influence of a thermal bath with an effective temperature $T = a / 2π$, similar to the one present in the vicinity of a black hole horizon. For electric charges moving in external electromagnetic fields of realistic strength, the resulting temperature appears too small to be detected. However for partons in strong color fields the effect should be observable: in the Color Glass Condensate picture, the strength of the color-electric field is $E \sim Q_s^2/g$ ($Q_s$ is the saturation scale, and $g$ is the strong coupling), the typical acceleration is $a \sim Q_s$, and the heat bath temperature is $T = Q_s / 2π\sim 200$ MeV. In nuclear collisions at sufficiently high energies the effect can induce a rapid thermalization over the time period of $τ\simeq 2π/Q_s \simeq 1\ {\rm fm}$ accompanied by phase transitions. We consider a specific example of chiral symmetry restoration induced by a rapid deceleration of the colliding nuclei. We argue that parton saturation in the initial nuclear wave functions is a necessary pre--condition for the formation of quark--gluon plasma. We discuss the implications of our "black hole thermalization" scenario for various observables in relativistic heavy ion collisions.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures; v2: typos corrected, discussion slightly extended
Modeling Risk Behavior of Agricultural Production in Chinese Small Households
Creators: name: Lu, Wencong C.
name: Xi, Aiqin
name: Ye, Jian
name: Lu, Wencong C.
name: Xi, Aiqin
name: Ye, Jian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Farming household
subject: agricultural risks
subject: risk response
subject: MOTAD Model

description: This paper analyzed Chinese small-scale farmer's response to agricultural risks by using MOTAD model. Based on the household's data from the two villages Wangjia and Damao in Zhejiang province, we established "representative rural household" for each of the sampling villages. The results show that farmers in Zhejiang are quite sensitive to agricultural risks. However, different farming systems, the ratio of agricultural income to total family income, as well as the size of arable land, differentiates their risk response. The decision maker's risk preference not only affects the type of agricultural activities and corresponding scales they selected, but also have further effects on the micro agricultural production structure and stable growth of household's income. Given the amount of productive resources such as arable land, capital and labor force, the combination of production activities with a higher level of expected income/risk would be selected if the decision maker is willing to take risks. In a higher level of risks, capital is invested prior to manpower, implying that the latter has a much higher opportunity cost. For those combinations with a lower risk level, diversification might reduce risks to some extent at a cost of total return. Current agriculture structure needs to be adjusted and improved.
Additional file 1 of Exploring use of activity monitors for patients with obesity during weight-loss treatment - a qualitative study
Creators: name: Følling, Ingrid S.
name: Oldervoll, Line M.
name: Hilmarsen, Christina
name: Ersfjord, Ellen M. I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplement 1. Topic guides for interviews. A semi-structured interview guide with the questions that were asked to the informants in this study.
Recent Advances and Prospects in the Research of Nascent Adhesions
Creators: name: Stumpf, Henning
name: Ambriović-Ristov, Andreja
name: Radenovic, Aleksandra
name: Smith, Ana-Sunčana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nascent adhesions are submicron transient structures promoting the early adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix. Nascent adhesions typically consist of several tens of integrins, and serve as platforms for the recruitment and activation of proteins to build mature focal adhesions. They are also associated with early stage signalling and the mechanoresponse. Despite their crucial role in sampling the local extracellular matrix, very little is known about the mechanism of their formation. Consequently, there is a strong scientific activity focused on elucidating the physical and biochemical foundation of their development and function. Precisely the results of this effort will be summarized in this article.
description: 38 pages, 2 figures, review article
Additional file 7 of Rates, predictors, and mortality of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jiefeng Liu
name: Hebin Xie
name: Ziwei Ye
name: Li, Fen
name: Wang, Lesan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 7. Fig. Coronary artery disease-Forest plot and Funnel plot.
Cubic Partial Cubes from Simplicial Arrangements
Creators: name: Eppstein, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05C12 (Primary) 05C78, 52C30 (Secondary)

description: We show how to construct a cubic partial cube from any simplicial arrangement of lines or pseudolines in the projective plane. As a consequence, we find nine new infinite families of cubic partial cubes as well as many sporadic examples.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 2 of Exploring use of activity monitors for patients with obesity during weight-loss treatment - a qualitative study
Creators: name: Følling, Ingrid S.
name: Oldervoll, Line M.
name: Hilmarsen, Christina
name: Ersfjord, Ellen M. I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Supplement 2. COREQ 32-ithem checklist. A checklist reporting important aspects of the research team, analysis and interpretation
Measuring Market Integration in Mozambican Maize Markets: A Threshold Vector Error Correction Approach
Creators: name: Alemu, Zerihun Gudeta
name: Biacuana, G.R.
name: Alemu, Zerihun Gudeta
name: Biacuana, G.R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Mozambique
subject: market integration
subject: maize market
subject: transaction cost
subject: threshold vector error correction

description: The primary objective of this research was to measure the extent of market integration between major surplus and deficit maize markets in Mozambique namely, Chimoio-Maputo, Chimoio-Beira, Ribaue-Nampula, and Mocuba-Nampula. To achieve this objective, Threshold Vector Autoregressive models were applied. The choice of the model was motivated by unobservable transaction costs and the import ant influence that their presence may exert on equilibrium spatial price relationships. The following are some of the major findings of the study. Firstly, threshold values (i.e. estimates of transaction costs) are found to be correlated positively with distance and inversely with the condition of the roads connecting markets. Secondly, market integration analysis revealed that out of the four surplus and deficit market combinations studied, Chimoio- Maputo and Mocuba-Nampula market pairs are integrated. However, the degree of integration was found to be the strongest in the former. Finally, results from the impulse response suggested that deficit/surplus markets, in the integrated market combinations, are relatively more responsive to shocks emanating from surplus/deficit markets.
Nanoscale Suppression of Magnetization at Atomically Assembled Manganite Interfaces
Creators: name: Kavich, J. J.
name: Warusawithana, M. P.
name: Freeland, J. W.
name: Ryan, P.
name: Zhai, X.
name: Kodama, R. H.
name: Eckstein, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using polarized X-rays, we compare the electronic and magnetic properties of a La(2/3)Sr(1/3)MnO(3)(LSMO)/SrTiO(3)(STO) and a modified LSMO/LaMnO(3)(LMO)/STO interface. Using the technique of X-ray resonant magnetic scattering (XRMS), we can probe the interfaces of complicated layered structures and quantitatively model depth-dependent magnetic profiles as a function of distance from the interface. Comparisons of the average electronic and magnetic properties at the interface are made independently using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). The XAS and the XMCD demonstrate that the electronic and magnetic structure of the LMO layer at the modified interface is qualitatively equivalent to the underlying LSMO film. From the temperature dependence of the XMCD, it is found that the near surface magnetization for both interfaces falls off faster than the bulk. For all temperatures in the range of 50K - 300K, the magnetic profiles for both systems always show a ferromagnetic component at the interface with a significantly suppressed magnetization that evolves to the bulk value over a length scale of ~1.6 - 2.4 nm. The LSMO/LMO/STO interface shows a larger ferromagnetic (FM) moment than the LSMO/STO interface, however the difference is only substantial at low temperature.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Testing the Gamma-Ray Burst Energy Relationships
Creators: name: Band, David L.
name: Preece, Robert D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building on Nakar & Piran's analysis of the Amati relation relating gamma-ray burst peak energies E_p and isotropic energies E_iso, we test the consistency of a large sample of BATSE bursts with the Amati and Ghirlanda (which relates peak energies and actual gamma-ray energies E_gamma) relations. Each of these relations can be expressed as a ratio of the different energies that is a function of redshift (for both the Amati and Ghirlanda relations) and beaming fraction f_B (for the Ghirlanda relation). The most rigorous test, which allows bursts to be at any redshift, corroborates Nakar & Piran's result--88% of the BATSE bursts are inconsistent with the Amati relation--while only 1.6% of the bursts are inconsistent with the Ghirlanda relation if f_B=1. Even when we allow for a real dispersion in the Amati relation we find an inconsistency. Modelling the redshift distribution results in an energy ratio distribution for the Amati relation that is shifted by an order of magnitude relative to the observed distribution; any sub-population satisfying the Amati relation can comprise at most ~18% of our burst sample. A similar analysis of the Ghirlanda relation depends sensitively on the beaming fraction distribution for small values of f_B; for reasonable estimates of this distribution about a third of the burst sample is inconsistent with the Ghirlanda relation. Our results indicate that these relations are an artifact of the selection effects of the burst sample in which they were found; these selection effects may favor sub-populations for which these relations are valid.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. To appear in ApJ, 627, #2 (10 July 2005)
Additional file 6 of Rates, predictors, and mortality of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jiefeng Liu
name: Hebin Xie
name: Ziwei Ye
name: Li, Fen
name: Wang, Lesan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 6. Fig. Liver disease-Forest plot and Sensitivity analysis.
Direct ab initio MD simulation of silver ion diffusion in chalcogenide glasses
Creators: name: Tafen, De Nyago
name: Drabold, D. A.
name: Mitkova, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present new models of germanium selenide chalcogenide glasses heavily doped with silver. The models were readily obtained with ab initio molecular dynamics and their structure agrees closely with diffraction measurements. Thermal molecular dynamics simulation reveals the dynamics of Ag+ ions and the existence of trapping centers as conjectured in other theory work. We show that first principles simulation is a powerful tool to reveal the motion of ions in glass.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Stat. Sol. {b} Rapid Research Letters
Assembling patchy plasmonic nanoparticles with aggregation-dependent antibacterial activity
Creators: name: Brasili, Francesco
name: Capocefalo, Angela
name: Palmieri, Damiano
name: Capitani, Francesco
name: Chiessi, Ester
name: Paradossi, Gaio
name: Bordi, Federico
name: Domenici, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We realise an antibacterial nanomaterial based on the self-limited assembly of patchy plasmonic colloids, obtained by adsorption of lysozyme to gold nanoparticles. The possibility of selecting the size of the assemblies within several hundred nanometres allows for tuning their optical response in a wide range of frequencies from visible to near infrared. We also demonstrate an aggregation-dependent modulation of the catalytic activity, which results in an enhancement of the antibacterial performances for assemblies of the proper size. The gained overall control on structure, optical properties and biological activity of such nanomaterial paves the way for the development of novel antibacterial nanozymes with promising applications in treating multi drug resistant bacteria.
Additional file 4 of Rates, predictors, and mortality of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jiefeng Liu
name: Hebin Xie
name: Ziwei Ye
name: Li, Fen
name: Wang, Lesan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Fig. Chronic kidney disease-Forest plot, Funnel plot, Sensitivity and Subgroup analysis.
Additional file 1 of Preliminary study of the toxicity and radioprotective effects of zymosan in vitro and in vivo
Creators: name: Yue-Zhi Zhang
name: Ge, Shu-Jing
name: Leng, Qing-Zhen
name: Ma, Jian-Jun
name: Liu, Han-Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
The XMM-Newton/2dF survey-VIII: The extended X-ray sources
Creators: name: Gaga, T.
name: Plionis, M.
name: Basilakos, S.
name: Georgantopoulos, I.
name: Georgakakis, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a sample of eight extended X-ray sources detected in the wide-field (~2.3 deg^2), bright (2-10 ksec) XMM-Newton/2dF survey, reaching a flux limit of ~2 X 10^{-14} erg/s/cm^2. Of these, seven are identified as secure X-ray clusters in the soft 0.3-2 keV band using a standard wavelet algorithm on either the PN or the MOS images. Spectroscopic or photometric redshifts are available for five clusters, spanning a range between 0.12 and 0.68. The X-ray spectral fittings show temperatures between 1 and 4.6 keV, characteristic of poor clusters and groups of galaxies. We derive for the first time the XMM-Newton cluster number count log N-log S distribution albeit with poor statistics. Both the log N-\log S and the Luminosity-Temperature relation are in good agreement with previous ROSAT results.
description: 8 pages, MNRAS in press
Additional file 5 of Rates, predictors, and mortality of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jiefeng Liu
name: Hebin Xie
name: Ziwei Ye
name: Li, Fen
name: Wang, Lesan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. Fig. Cardiovascular Diseases -Forest plot, Funnel plot.
アニメ主題歌による類似アニメ検索の検討
Creators: name: 本間直人
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: アニメ主題歌、類似アニメ検索

description: 本論文では, アニメ主題歌を用いて類似アニメを検索する手法を提案する. 通常, アニメには主題歌が設定されているが, アニメの主題歌にはアニメ作品の雰囲気や テーマに沿った曲調の楽曲が採用されている傾向がある. そのため, アニメ主題歌 間の類似度を測ることで, アニメ間の類似度も測ることができると考えられる. 本研究では, 類似楽曲検索法を用いてアニメ主題歌間の類似度を測り, 同時にア ニメ作品の雰囲気やテーマを表すと考えられるジャンルの一致を調査する. アニメ 主題歌間の類似度を測る際に主題歌から得られる情報として, 音響特徴量であるメ ル周波数ケプストラム係数や歌詞を特徴量とすることで, 主題歌を用いた間接的な 類似アニメ検索の検討を行った. 一方で, アニメ作品にはその内容を簡易的な文章 で表したあらすじが設けられている. あらすじはアニメの内容を文章で直接表現 しているため, 類似アニメを検索する際に有用な特徴量であると考えられる. そこ で, word2vec による文章間類似度算出法を用いてあらすじ間の類似度を測り, 主題 歌と同様にあらすじを用いた間接的な類似アニメ検索の検討も行った. メル周波数ケプストラム係数を特徴量とした類似楽曲検索では, 音響信号の中心 60秒分から10ms毎に20次元のMFCCベクトルを抽出し, Earth Mover’s Distance (EMD) を用いて入力楽曲と各楽曲との特徴量間の距離を計算した. そして, EMD が小さい順に 5 曲出力した. 出力結果から, 入力楽曲のアニメのジャンル (全 11 種 類, 複数あり) に含まれるジャンルの主題歌が得られたら正解という方法でジャン ルの正解率を測ったところ, 全体で 63%の精度を得ることができた. あらすじ, 歌詞を特徴量とした類似アニメ検索は, word2vec を用いた文章間類似 ii 度算出法によって行った. あるアニメのあらすじ, 歌詞が入力されると, あらすじ, 歌詞内の各単語のベクトル化表現を行い, 各単語ベクトルの平均値を求め, 1 つの 文章ベクトルとする.別途用意したアニメのあらすじ, 歌詞のデータベース (DB) の各あらすじ, 歌詞に対しても同様の単語のベクトル化表現を行い, 1 つの文章ベ クトルとする. 各あらすじ, 歌詞と入力したあらすじ, 歌詞とのコサイン類似度を 求め, 類似度が高い順に 5 作品分のあらすじ, 歌詞を出力した. メル周波数ケプス トラム係数を特徴量とした際と同様の方法でジャンルの正解率を測ったところ, あ らすじは全体で 83%の精度, 歌詞は全体で 66%の精度を得ることができた. MFCC, 歌詞, あらすじそれぞれ 3 つの特徴量を用いて類似アニメ検索を行った ところ, 現段階で楽曲から得られる情報 (MFCC, 歌詞) を特徴量とした場合では 6 割程度の精度で類似アニメを検索できることが分かった. この精度は特徴量を扱わ ないで無作為に出力する手法 (56%) よりも高い値であったことから, アニメ検索 に於いて主題歌を用いる方法は有効であると考えられる. しかし, あらすじを特徴 量とした場合は 8 割程度と高い精度を出すことができたことから類似アニメ検索 に於いてあらすじを用いた手法は, 楽曲から得られる情報 (MFCC, 歌詞) を用いた 場合より効果的であることが分かった.
Financing Agri-Environmental Programs in Poland: The Importance of Regional Preferences
Creators: name: Ziolkowska, Jadwiga
name: Kirschke, Dieter
name: Ziolkowska, Jadwiga
name: Kirschke, Dieter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: agri-environmental programs
subject: environmental objectives
subject: linear programming
subject: budget allocation
subject: Poland

description: The main objective of the paper is to study the importance of regional preferences in financing agri-environmental programs. The analysis is based on results of a case study conducted in South-eastern Poland. As environmental protection in agriculture is complex and often considered in political strategies, it is worth analyzing the differences in perception of the respective environmental objectives from a regional perspective. Taking into account natural conditions and the economic situation in agriculture in the voivodship Podkarpackie, the question is, how regional objectives could be achieved effectively with a given budget. Using linear programming, we discuss in this paper, how regional preferences would guide budget allocation.
Experimental Ultra--High-Energy Cosmic Ray Physics
Creators: name: Westerhoff, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most striking astrophysical phenomena today is the existence of cosmic ray particles with energies in excess of 10^20 eV. While their presence has been confirmed by a number of experiments, it is not clear where and how these particles are accelerated to these energies and how they travel astronomical distances without substantial energy loss. We are entering an exciting new era in cosmic ray physics, with instruments now producing data of unprecedented quality and quantity to tackle the many open questions. This paper reviews the current experimental status of cosmic ray physics and summarizes recent results on the energy spectrum and arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, latex. To appear in the Proceedings of the XXII International Symposium on Lepton-Photon Interactions (Uppsala, Sweden, 2005)
Towards a chiral gauge theory by deconstruction in AdS5
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Tanmoy
name: Gupta, Rajan
name: Martin, Matthew R.
name: Shirman, Yuri
name: Csaki, Csaba
name: Terning, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an implementation of a deconstructed gauge theory with charged fermions defined on an interval in five dimensional AdS space. The four dimensional slices are Minkowski, and the end slices support four dimensional chiral zero modes. In such a theory, the energy scales warp down as we move along the fifth dimension. If we augment this theory with localized neutral 4-dimensional Majorana fermions on the low energy end, and implement a Higgs mechanism there, we can arrange the theory such that the lightest gauge boson mode and the chiral mode on the wall at the high energy end are parametrically lighter than all the other states in the theory. If this semiclassical construction does not run into problems at the quantum level, this may provide an explicit construction of a chiral gauge theory. Instanton effects are expected to make the gauge boson heavy only if the resulting effective theory is anomalous.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, presented at Lattice2005(Chiral fermions), Dublin, July 25-30, 2005, to appear in Proceedings of Science
Massive Stars in the SGR 1806-20 Cluster
Creators: name: Figer, Donald F.
name: Najarro, Francisco
name: Geballe, T. R.
name: Blum, R. D.
name: Kudritzki, Rolf P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of additional hot and massive stars in the cluster surrounding the soft gamma repeater SGR 1806-20, based upon UKIRT and Keck near-infrared spectroscopy. Of the newly identified stars, three are Wolf-Rayet stars of types WC8, WN6, and WN7, and a fourth star is an OB supergiant. These three stars, along with four previously discovered, imply a cluster age of \~3.0-4.5 Myr, based on the presence of WC stars and the absence of red supergiants. Assuming coevality, this age suggests that the progenitor of SGR 1806-20 had an initial mass greater than ~50 Msun. This is consistent with the suggestion that SGRs are post-supernovae end states of massive progenitors, and may suggest that only massive stars evolve into magnetars that produce SGRs. It also suggests that very massive stars can evolve into neutron stars, not just black holes, as recently predicted by theory. The cluster age also provides constraints on the very high mass object, LBV 1806-20.
description: ApJ Letters, accepted ScI Eprint #1640, added acknowledgement of Gaensler et al. (2005) http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0501563
Additional file 1 of Triazoloacridone C-1305 impairs XBP1 splicing by acting as a potential IRE1α endoribonuclease inhibitor
Creators: name: Bartoszewska, Sylwia
name: Jarosław Króliczewski
name: Crossman, David K.
name: Pogorzelska, Aneta
name: Bagiński, Maciej
name: Collawn, James F.
name: Bartoszewski, Rafal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Evaluation of C-1305 cytotoxicity in HeLa cells exposed for 6 hours to different concentrations of C-1305 and ER stressors, and supplementary materials for Figure 4 (three examples of the uncropped Western blots and SDS Page gels used to follow XBP1s changes).
Multi-step processes in heavy-ion induced single-nucleon transfer reactions
Creators: name: Keeley, N.
name: Kemper, K. W.
name: Rusek, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was first noted during the 1970s that finite-range distorted wave Born approximation (FR-DWBA) calculations were unable satisfactorily to describe the shape of the angular distributions of many single-proton (and some single-neutron) transfer reactions induced by heavy ions, with calculations shifted to larger angles by up to ~ 4 degrees compared with the data. These reactions exhibited a significant mismatch, either of the reaction Q value or the grazing angular momentum of the entrance and exit channels, and it was speculated that the inclusion of multi-step transfer paths via excited state(s) of the projectile and/or ejectile could compensate for the effect of this mismatch and yield good descriptions of the data by shifting the calculated peaks to smaller angles. However, to date this has not been explicitly demonstrated for many reactions. In this work we show that inclusion of the two-step transfer path via the 4.44-MeV 2+ excited state of the 12C projectile in coupled channel Born approximation calculations enables a good description of the 208Pb(12C,11B)209Bi single-proton stripping data at four incident energies which could not be described by the FR-DWBA. We also show that inclusion of a similar reaction path for the 208Pb(12C,13C)207Pb single-neutron pickup reaction has a relatively minor influence, slightly improving the already good description obtained with the FR-DWBA.
Additional file 3 of Rates, predictors, and mortality of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jiefeng Liu
name: Hebin Xie
name: Ziwei Ye
name: Li, Fen
name: Wang, Lesan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Fig. Diabetes mellitus-Forest plot and Funnel plot.
Long Term Structural Changes in the EU Countries (1970-2000): Convergence or Divergence in the Agri-Food System?
Creators: name: Peroni, Marco
name: Brasili, Cristina
name: Fanfani, Roberto
name: Peroni, Marco
name: Brasili, Cristina
name: Fanfani, Roberto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: agro-food System
subject: structural Changes
subject: EU countries
subject: convergence

description: The main objective of this paper is to analyse the structural changes in European Agri-food systems in the last 30 years in order to verify the presence of a convergence process towards a more homogeneous structure among EU countries. This analysis considers the relative importance of the main components of Agri-food systems (agriculture, food industry and food consumption) and how they change over time. The analysis of convergence utilise the European National Accounting Data (from the SEC2 Data Base of Eurostat) from 1970 to 2000 for twelve EU countries. We use tests of convergence on cross section data by countries, but also stochastic kernel methodologies to verify the dynamic evolution of groups of countries inside the EU. The results show there are important process of convergence among countries for the variables of the Agri-food system that are more linked to the economic development, such as the importance of agriculture and food consumption in GDP. On the other hand there are divergences on the variables more linked to the openness degree and to the competitiveness of the Agri-food system. The presence of polarisation process among groups of countries contribute to the permanence of long run structural changes among Northern and Southern countries in the EU.
Supernova Remnant 1987A: The Latest Report from the Chandra X-Ray Observatory
Creators: name: Park, Sangwook
name: Zhekov, Svetozar A.
name: Burrows, David N.
name: Garmire, Gordon P.
name: McCray, Dick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue monitoring supernova remnant (SNR) 1987A with the {\it Chandra X-ray Observatory}. As of 2004 January, bright X-ray spots in the northwest and the southwest are now evident in addition to the bright eastern ring. The overall X-ray spectrum, Since 2002 December, can be described by a planar shock with an electron temperature of $\sim$2.1 keV. The soft X-ray flux is now 8 $\times$ 10$^{-13}$ ergs cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, which is about five times higher than four years ago. This flux increase rate is consistent with our prediction based on an exponential density distribution along the radius of the SNR between the H{\small II} region and the inner ring. We still have no direct evidence of a central point source, and place an upper limit of $L_X$ = 1.3 $\times$ 10$^{34}$ ergs s$^{-1}$ on the 3$-$10 keV band X-ray luminosity.
description: 9 pages, AdSpR in press
A systematic review on the clinical pharmacokinetics of vildagliptin in healthy and disease populations
Creators: name: Pasha, Mahnoor
name: Zamir, Ammara
name: Ashraf, Waseem
name: Imran, Imran
name: Saeed, Hamid
name: Rehman, Anees Ur
name: Aziz, Majid
name: Alqahtani, Faleh
name: Rasool, Muhammad Fawad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Vildagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, is indicated to cure type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This systematic literature search aims to assess the current knowledge about the clinical pharmacokinetics (PK) of vildagliptin to provide recommendations for clinical use to prevent the harmful effects of this drug. The PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar databases were screened for articles related to the clinical PK of vildagliptin using systematic search strategies. The literature search identified 2118 records, among which 28 were subsumed in this systematic review that fulfilled the inclusion standards. This systematic review can help dose optimization among critically ill patients (e.g. renal impairment) without exposing them to the drug’s toxic effects.
Farrugia, E. G., Taft, R. F., Piovesana, G. K.: Christianity among the Slavs
Creators: name: Van Esbroeck, Michel
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 75 (1991): Oriens christianus, Band 75
Measuring the halo mass of MgII absorbers from their cross-correlation with Luminous Red Galaxies
Creators: name: Bouche, Nicolas
name: Murphy, M. T.
name: Peroux, C.
name: Csabai, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cross-correlation between 716 MgII quasar absorption systems and about 100,000 Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs) selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 3 in the redshift range 0.4
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, to appear in IAU 199 conf. proc.: "Probing Galaxies through Quasar Absorption Lines," eds. Williams, Shu, Menard; minor changes to match the edited version
Microbial Chain Elongation for Production of Medium Chain Carboxylic Acid from Wet Organic Waste
Creators: name: Harahap, Budi Mandra
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2027
Subjects: Arrested anaerobic digestion
Caproic Acid
Medium-chain carboxylic acid
Microbial chain elongation
Short-chain carboxylic acid
Syngas fermentation

description: Microbial chain elongation is a biochemical process that converts lower-value chemicals such as ethanol and short chain carboxylic acids (SCCAs) into higher-value medium chain carboxylic acids (MCCAs). These MCCAs are derived from low-cost substrates, such as waste materials, and have lower solubility in water, making them easier to recover, and more suitable as precursors for sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) compared to ethanol and SCCAs. This study introduced an economically attractive process named AAD-CE, a sequential-arrested anaerobic digestion (AAD) followed by chain elongation (CE) using green waste for MCCA production. The primary objective was to develop and optimize microbial inoculum and CE conditions for efficient MCCA production, particularly caproic acid, from ethanol and SCCAs serving as electron donor (ED) and electron acceptor (EA), respectively, present in AAD effluent. The effluent was rich in acetic acid and butyric acid, contained low concentration of propionic acid, and lacked methanogenic activity, conditions ideal specifically for caproic acid production. The CE study revealed that the addition of ethanol shifted the microbial community in the AAD effluent, with Sporanaerobacter (23.2%) and Clostridium sensu stricto 12 (9.1%), MCCA-producing microorganisms, becoming dominant. After several enrichment cycles using ethanol
description: and acetate, the culture was further dominated by Clostridium sensu stricto 12 (53.1%), demonstrating this microorganism's stability during CE with ethanol and acetate. Compared to pure Clostridium kluyveri, the mixed culture exhibited greater resilience to high ethanol and acetate concentrations in AAD effluent. In batch fermentation with gradual ethanol addition (3 g/L/day), the culture achieved a maximum caproic acid yield of 13.4 g/L at 37 °C and pH 7.2, with an inoculum concentration of 15%. The downstream process analysis revealed that reactive extraction is a more cost-effective method for recovering protonated caproic acid compared to adsorption. In addition to AAD, acetate, substrate for CE, can also be produced by Moorella thermoacetica through gas fermentation using syngas derived from recalcitrant organic waste. This study showed that the adjustment of syngas composition was another strategy to optimize M. thermoacetica performance to produce acetic acid, instead of adding yeast extract increasing operational cost.