cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lebensplanung!? Biographische Entscheidungspraktiken irritierter Mittelschichten
Creators: name: Schimank, Uwe
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Lebensführung
subject: Lebensplanung
subject: Biografische Entscheidungen
subject: Mittelschichten
subject: Coping
subject: 300

description: Eine der tragenden Säulen des Lebensführungsmodus der Mittelschichten ist ein Planungsimperativ – entscheidungssoziologisch betrachtet: eine anspruchsvolle, auf Rationalität und Nachhaltigkeit setzende Lebensführung. Was aber geschieht mit dem Planungsanspruch, wenn das Leben von Mittelschichtangehörigen, wie zunehmend in den letzten zwanzig Jahren, immer stärkeren Irritationen in allen Lebensbereichen ausgesetzt wird, die sich zu einem Syndrom multipler Irritationen auswachsen können? Diese Problematik wird im vorliegenden Beitrag in drei Schritten vertieft. In einem ersten Schritt wird der Planungsimperativ der Mittelschichten genauer gefasst. Im zweiten Schritt wird unter Rückgriff auf allererste explorative empirische Befunde aus Gruppendiskussionen ausgelotet, was von diesem Planungsimperativ der Mittelschichten heute noch übriggeblieben ist. Fünf induktiv gewonnene Typen des Umgangs mit dem Planungsimperativ werden unterschieden. In einem dritten, spekulativen Schritt wird schließlich die bis jetzt empirisch kaum belegte Vermutung skizziert, dass das Leben der Mittelschichten heutzutage stärker durch ein ad-hoc reagierendes Coping als durch Planung bestimmt sein dürfte. Coping als subinkrementalistischer Entscheidungsmodus wird als vierschrittiger Mechanismus der Lebensführung charakterisiert.
An environmental analysis of the Type Ib SN 2019yvr and the possible presence of an inflated binary companion
Creators: name: Sun, Ning-Chen
name: Maund, Justyn R.
name: Crowther, Paul A.
name: Hirai, Ryosuke
name: Kashapov, Amir
name: Liu, Ji-Feng
name: Liu, Liang-Duan
name: Zapartas, Emmanouil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SN 2019yvr is the second Type Ib supernova (SN) with a possible direct detection of its progenitor (system); however, the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the pre-explosion source appears much cooler and overluminous than an expected helium-star progenitor. Using Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images and MUSE integral-field-unit (IFU) spectroscopy, we find the SN environment contains three episodes of star formation; the low ejecta mass suggests the SN progenitor is most likely from the oldest population, corresponding to an initial mass of 10.4$^{+1.5}_{-1.3}$ $M_\odot$. The pre-explosion SED can be reproduced by two components, one for the hot and compact SN progenitor and one for a cool and inflated yellow hypergiant (YHG) companion that dominates the brightness. Thus, SN 2019yvr could possibly be the first Type Ib/c SN for which the progenitor's binary companion is directly detected on pre-explosion images. Both the low progenitor mass and the YHG companion suggest significant binary interaction during their evolution. Similar to SN 2014C, SN 2019yvr exhibits a metamorphosis from Type Ib to Type IIn, showing signatures of interaction with hydrogen-rich circumstellar material (CSM) at >150 days; our result supports enhanced pre-SN mass loss as an important process for hydrogen-poor stars at the low mass end of core-collapse SN progenitors.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Evidence for the connection between star formation rate and evolutionary phases of quasars
Creators: name: Chen, Zhifu
name: He, Zhicheng
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Gu, Qiusheng
name: Wang, Tinggui
name: Zhuang, Mingyang
name: Liu, Guilin
name: Wang, Zhiwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both theory and observations suggest that outflows driven by an active central supermassive black hole (SMBH) has a feedback effect on shaping the global properties of the host galaxy. However, whether feedback from the outflow is effective, and if so, whether it is positive or negative, has long been controversial. Here, using the latest catalog from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we use the flux ratio of the [O II] to [Ne V] emission lines as a proxy to compare the star formation rate (SFR) in the hosts of quasars with different types of broad absorption lines (BALs): low-ionization (Lo)BAL, high-ionization (Hi)BAL, and non-BAL. We find that SFR decreases from LoBAL to HiBAL quasars, and then increases from HiBAL to non-BAL quasars. Assuming that the sequence of LoBAL to HiBAL to non-BAL represents evolution, our results are consistent with a quenching and subsequent rebound of star formation in quasar host galaxies. This phenomenon can be explained that the SFR is suppressed by the outflow, which then rebounds once the outflow disappears as the quasars evolve from HiBALs to non-BALs. Our result suggests that the quasar outflow has a negative global feedback on galaxy evolution.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures and 2 tables in main text. Accepted by a peer-reviewed journal
Beyond Humboldt? The relationship between teaching and research in European university systems
Creators: name: Schimank, Uwe
name: Winnes, Markus
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: teaching
subject: research
subject: universities
subject: Humboldt
subject: 300

description: Three patterns of the relationship of teaching and research in European university systems can be distinguished: the Humboldtian, the post-Humboldtian, and the pre-Humboldtian pattern. The distinction rests on the kind and degree of differentiation of both university tasks in terms of situations, roles, resources, organisations, or societal sub-systems. Recent developments exhibit two main trends. First, the Humboldtian and the pre-Humboldtian pattern are increasingly criticised for their deficits. Thus, there is some movement towards an emerging post-Humboldtian pattern. Second, however, this new pattern is nowhere stabilised by now especially because it is in the interest of professors to maintain or establish the Humboldtian pattern. These developments are described and assessed with respect to their consequences for research at universities.
Modeling and simulations of nanoparticles in liquid crystalline systems
Creators: name: Benini, Erika <1986>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: CHIM/02 Chimica fisica

description: The aim of this work is to investigate, using extensive Monte Carlo computer simulations, composite materials consisting of liquid crystals doped with nanoparticles. These systems are currently of great interest as they offer the possibility of tuning the properties of liquid crystals used in displays and other devices as well as providing a way of obtaining regularly organized systems of nanoparticles exploiting the molecular organization of the liquid crystal medium. 
Surprisingly enough, there is however a lack of fundamental knowledge on the properties and phase behavior of these hybrid materials, making the route to their application an essentially empirical one. 
Here we wish to contribute to the much needed rationalization of these systems studying some basic effects induced by different nanoparticles on a liquid crystal 
host. We investigate in particular the effects of nanoparticle shape, size and polarity 
as well as of their affinity to the liquid crystal solvent on the stability of the system, 
monitoring phase transitions, order and molecular organizations. To do this we have proposed a coarse grained approach where nanoparticles are modelled as a suitably 
shaped (spherical, rod and disk like) collection of spherical Lennard-Jones beads, while the mesogens are represented with Gay-Berne particles. 
We find that the addition of apolar nanoparticles of different shape typically lowers the nematic–isotropic transition of a non-polar nematic, with the destabilization 
being greater for spherical nanoparticles. For polar mesogens we have studied the effect of solvent affinity of the nanoparticles showing that aggregation takes places 
for low solvation values. Interestingly, if the nanoparticles are polar the aggregates contribute to stabilizing the system, compensating the shape effect. 
We thus find the overall effects on stability to be a delicate balance of often contrasting contributions pointing to the relevance of simulations studies for understanding these complex systems.
Towards Realistic String Vacua From Branes At Singularities
Creators: name: Conlon, Joseph P.
name: Maharana, Anshuman
name: Quevedo, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on progress towards constructing string models incorporating both realistic D-brane matter content and moduli stabilisation with dynamical low-scale supersymmetry breaking. The general framework is that of local D-brane models embedded into the LARGE volume approach to moduli stabilisation. We review quiver theories on del Pezzo $n$ ($dP_n$) singularities including both D3 and D7 branes. We provide supersymmetric examples with three quark/lepton families and the gauge symmetries of the Standard, Left-Right Symmetric, Pati-Salam and Trinification models, without unwanted chiral exotics. We describe how the singularity structure leads to family symmetries governing the Yukawa couplings which may give mass hierarchies among the different generations. We outline how these models can be embedded into compact Calabi-Yau compactifications with LARGE volume moduli stabilisation, and state the minimal conditions for this to be possible. We study the general structure of soft supersymmetry breaking. At the singularity all leading order contributions to the soft terms (both gravity- and anomaly-mediation) vanish. We enumerate subleading contributions and estimate their magnitude. We also describe model-independent physical implications of this scenario. These include the masses of anomalous and non-anomalous U(1)'s and the generic existence of a new hyperweak force under which leptons and/or quarks could be charged. We propose that such a gauge boson could be responsible for the ghost muon anomaly recently found at the Tevatron's CDF detector.
description: 40 pages, 10 figures
Why do dolphins form mixed-species associations in the Azores ?
Creators: name: Quérouil, Sophie
name: Silva, M. A.
name: Cascao, I.
name: Magalhaes, S.
name: Seabra, M. I.
name: Machete, M. A.
name: Santos, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Mixed-species associations are temporary associations between individuals of different species that are often observed in birds, primates and cetaceans. They have been interpreted as a strategy to reduce predation risk, enhance foraging success and/or provide a social advantage. In the archipelago of the Azores, four species of dolphins are commonly involved in mixed-species associations: the common dolphin, Delphinus delphis, the bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, the striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba, and the spotted dolphin, Stenella frontalis. In order to understand the reasons why dolphins associate, we analysed field data collected since 1999 by research scientists and trained observers placed onboard fishing vessels. In total, 113 mixed-species groups were observed out of 5720 sightings. The temporal distribution, habitat (water depth, distance to the coast), behaviour (i.e. feeding, travelling, socializing), size and composition of mixed-species groups were compared with those of single-species groups. Results did not support the predation avoidance hypothesis and gave little support to the social advantage hypothesis. The foraging advantage hypothesis was the most convincing. However, the benefits of mixed-species associations appeared to depend on the species. Associations were likely to be opportunistic in the larger bottlenose dolphin, while there seemed to be some evolutionary constraints favouring associations in the rarer striped dolphin. Comparison with previous studies suggests that the formation of mixed-species groups depends on several environmental factors, and therefore may constitute an adaptive response.
Slip Length Measurement in Rectangular Graphene Nanochannels with a 3D Flow Analysis
Creators: name: Chen, Kuan-Ting
name: Li, Qin-Yi
name: Omori, Takeshi
name: Yamaguchi, Yasutaka
name: Ikuta, Tatsuya
name: Takahashi, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although many molecular dynamics simulations have been conducted on slip flow on graphene, experimental efforts remain very limited and our understanding of the flow friction on graphene remains far from sufficient. Here, to accurately measure the slip length in rectangular nanochannels, we develop a 3D capillary flow model that fully considers the nonuniform cross-section velocity profile, slip boundary conditions, and the dynamic contact angle. We show that the 3D analysis is necessary even for a channel with a width/height ratio of 100. We fabricated graphene nanochannels with 45-nm depth and 5-μm width, and measured slip lengths of about 30 to 40 nm using this 3D flow model. We also reevaluated the slip-length data for graphene obtained from capillary filling experiments in the literature: 30 nm instead of originally claimed 45 nm for a 25-nm-deep channel, and 47 nm instead of 60 nm for an 8.5-nm-deep channel. We discover a smaller slip length than existing experimental measurements due to our full 3D flow analysis considered in our method. This work presents a rigorous analysis approach while also providing a better understanding of slip flow in graphene nanochannels, which will benefit further innovation in nanofluidic applications, including electronics cooling and biomedical chips.
Unconventional superconducting phases in a correlated two-dimensional Fermi gas of nonstandard quasiparticles: a simple model
Creators: name: Kaczmarczyk, Jan
name: Spalek, Jozef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a detailed phase diagram and other microscopic characteristics on the applied magnetic field - temperature (H_a-T) plane for a simple model of correlated fluid represented by a two-dimensional (2D) gas of heavy quasiparticles with masses dependent on the spin direction and the effective field generated by the electron correlations. The consecutive transitions between the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) and the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phases are either continuous or discontinuous, depending on the values of H_a and T. In the latter case, weak metamagnetic transitions occur at the BCS-FFLO boundary. We single out two different FFLO phases, as well as a reentrant behaviour of one of them at high fields. The results are compared with those for ordinary Landau quasiparticles in order to demonstrate the robustness of the FFLO states against the BCS state for the case with spin-dependent masses (SDM). We believe that the mechanism of FFLO stabilization by SDM is generic: other high-field low-temperature (HFLT) superconducting phases benefit from SDM as well.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Stability criterion for white dwarfs in Palatini $f(R)$ gravity
Creators: name: Sarmah, Lupamudra
name: Kalita, Surajit
name: Wojnar, Aneta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of several peculiar over- and under-luminous type Ia supernovae infer indirect evidence for the violation of the Chandrasekhar mass-limit by suggesting the existence of super- and sub-Chandrasekhar limiting mass white dwarfs. In an attempt to explain these phenomena in the context of general relativistic extensions, we study these objects in Palatini $f(R)$ gravity. We obtain the super- and sub-Chandrasekhar limiting masses as well as the dynamical instability criteria for white dwarfs in the given gravitational theory. We further demonstrate that the conventional positivity condition $\partial{M}/\partial{ρ_\text{c}}>0$ with $M$ being the WD's mass with central density $ρ_\text{c}$, is also a valid criterion for stability in Palatini gravity.
description: 12 pages with 4 figures; version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Cryptanalysis of the Privacy-Preserving Ride-Hailing Service TRACE
Creators: name: Kumaraswamy, Deepak
name: Vivek, Srinivas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a typical ride-hailing service, the service provider (RS) matches a customer (RC) with the closest vehicle (RV) registered to this service. TRACE is an efficient privacy-preserving ride-hailing service proposed by Wang et al. in 2018. TRACE uses masking along with other cryptographic techniques to ensure efficient and accurate ride-matching. The RS uses masked location information to match RCs and RVs within a quadrant without obtaining their exact locations, thus ensuring privacy. In this work, we disprove the privacy claims in TRACE by showing the following: a) RCs and RVs can identify the secret spatial division maintained by RS (this reveals information about the density of RVs in the region and other potential trade secrets), and b) the RS can identify exact locations of RCs and RVs (this violates location privacy). Prior to exchanging encrypted messages in the TRACE protocol, each entity masks the plaintext message with a secret unknown to others. Our attack allows other entities to recover this plaintext from the masked value by exploiting shared randomness used across different messages, that eventually leads to a system of linear equations in the unknown plaintexts. This holds even when all the participating entities are honest-but-curious. We implement our attack and demonstrate its efficiency and high success rate. For the security parameters recommended for TRACE, an RV can recover the spatial division in less than a minute, and the RS can recover the location of an RV in less than a second on a commodity laptop.
On the 10-micron silicate feature in Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Nikutta, Robert
name: Elitzur, Moshe
name: Lacy, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 10-micron silicate feature observed with Spitzer in active galactic nuclei (AGN) reveals some puzzling behavior. It (1) has been detected in emission in type 2 sources, (2) shows broad, flat-topped emission peaks shifted toward long wavelengths in several type 1 sources, and (3) is not seen in deep absorption in any source observed so far. We solve all three puzzles with our clumpy dust radiative transfer formalism. (1) We present the spectral energy distribution (SED) of SST1721+6012, the first type 2 quasar observed to show a clear 10-mic silicate feature in emission. We constructed a large database of clumpy torus models and performed extensive fitting of the observed SED, constraining several of the torus parameters. We find that the source bolometric luminosity is ~3*10^12 L_sun. Our modeling suggests that <35% of objects with tori sharing characteristics and geometry similar to the best fit would have their central engines obscured. This relatively low obscuration probability can explain the clear appearance of the 10-mic emission feature in SST1721+6012 together with its rarity among other QSO2. (2) We also fitted the SED of PG1211+143, one of the first type 1 QSOs with a 10-mic silicate feature in emission. Among similar sources, this QSO appears to display an unusually broadened feature whose peak is shifted toward longer wavelengths. Although this led to suggestions of non-standard dust chemistry in these sources, our analysis fits such SEDs with standard galactic dust; the apparent peak shifts arise from radiative transfer effects. (3) We find that the distribution of silicate feature strengths among clumpy torus models closely resembles the observed distribution, and the feature never occurs deeply absorbed. (abridged)
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ; minor revision, added reference in Section 1
Explosive Nucleosynthesis of Weak r-Process Elements in Extremely Metal-Poor Core-Collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: Izutani, N.
name: Umeda, H.
name: Tominaga, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There have been attempts to fit the abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor stars with supernova nucleosynthesis models for the lighter elements than Zn. On the other hand, observations have revealed that the presence of EMP stars with peculiarly high ratio of "weak r-process elements" Sr, Y and Zr. Although several possible processes were suggested for the origin of these elements, the complete solution for reproducing those ratios is not found yet. In order to reproduce the abundance patterns of such stars, we investigate a model with neutron rich matter ejection from the inner region of the conventional mass-cut. We find that explosive nucleosynthesis in a high energy supernova (or "hypernova") can reproduce the high abundances of Sr, Y and Zr but that the enhancements of Sr, Y and Zr are not achieved by nucleosynthesis in a normal supernova. Our results imply that, if these elements are ejected from a normal supernova, nucleosynthesis in higher entropy flow than that of the supernova shock is required.
description: 27pages, 15figures; ApJ accepted
Pseudodifferential Operators and Regularized Traces
Creators: name: Lesch, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J42, 58J40, 58J35

description: This paper is based on talks delivered in summer 2008 at the Conference on Motives, QFT and Pseudodifferential Operators in Boston, and at the Trimester programme Geometry and Physics, Hausdorff Institute for Mathematics in Bonn The paper surveys the pseudodifferential calculus with parameter, resolvent expansions, Dixmier trace, noncommutative residue, Kontsevich-Vishik canonical trace as well some aspects of regularized integrals on spaces of symbols.
description: 38 pages, 1 figure; rewritten and revised according to the referee's suggestions, section on the Hilbert space trace added; accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the Conference on Motives, Quantum Field Theory and Pseudodifferential Operators, Boston, June 2008, Clay Mathematics Proceedings; v3 a few BUG fixes, none really serious, but one annoying omission fixed
High-order conservative finite difference GLM-MHD schemes for cell-centered MHD
Creators: name: Mignone, A.
name: Tzeferacos, P.
name: Bodo, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and compare third- as well as fifth-order accurate finite difference schemes for the numerical solution of the compressible ideal MHD equations in multiple spatial dimensions. The selected methods lean on four different reconstruction techniques based on recently improved versions of the weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) schemes, monotonicity preserving (MP) schemes as well as slope-limited polynomial reconstruction. The proposed numerical methods are highly accurate in smooth regions of the flow, avoid loss of accuracy in proximity of smooth extrema and provide sharp non-oscillatory transitions at discontinuities. We suggest a numerical formulation based on a cell-centered approach where all of the primary flow variables are discretized at the zone center. The divergence-free condition is enforced by augmenting the MHD equations with a generalized Lagrange multiplier yielding a mixed hyperbolic/parabolic correction, as in Dedner et al. (J. Comput. Phys. 175 (2002) 645-673). The resulting family of schemes is robust, cost-effective and straightforward to implement. Compared to previous existing approaches, it completely avoids the CPU intensive workload associated with an elliptic divergence cleaning step and the additional complexities required by staggered mesh algorithms. Extensive numerical testing demonstrate the robustness and reliability of the proposed framework for computations involving both smooth and discontinuous features.
description: 32 pages, 14 figure, submitted to Journal of Computational Physics (Aug 7 2009)
Plebanski Formulation of General Relativity: A Practical Introduction
Creators: name: Krasnov, Kirill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a pedagogical introduction into an old, but unfortunately not commonly known formulation of GR in terms of self-dual two-forms due to in particular Jerzy Plebanski. Our presentation is rather explicit in that we show how the familiar textbook solutions: Schwarzschild, Volkoff-Oppenheimer, as well as those describing the Newtonian limit, a gravitational wave and the homogeneous isotropic Universe can be obtained within this formalism. Our description shows how Plebanski formulation gives quite an economical alternative to the usual metric and frame-based schemes for deriving Einstein equations.
description: (v1) 13 pages, no figures (v2) 15 pages, published version
MeCP2 interacts with chromosomal microRNAs in brain
Creators: name: Khan, Abdul Waheed
name: Ziemann, Mark
name: Rafehi, Haloom
name: Maxwell, Scott
name: Ciccotosto, Giuseppe D.
name: El-Osta, Assam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Although methyl CpG binding domain protein-2 (MeCP2) is commonly understood to function as a silencing factor at methylated DNA sequences, recent studies also show that MeCP2 can bind unmethylated sequences and coordinate gene activation. MeCP2 displays broad binding patterns throughout the genome, with high expression levels similar to histone H1 in neurons. Despite its significant presence in the brain, only subtle gene expression changes occur in the absence of MeCP2. This may reflect a more complex regulatory mechanism of MeCP2 to complement chromatin binding. Using an RNA immunoprecipitation of native chromatin technique, we identify MeCP2 interacting microRNAs in mouse primary cortical neurons. In addition, comparison with mRNA sequencing data from Mecp2-null mice suggests that differentially expressed genes may indeed be targeted by MeCP2-interacting microRNAs. These findings highlight the MeCP2 interaction with microRNAs that may modulate its binding with chromatin and regulate gene expression.
Black Hole Entropy in Loop Quantum Gravity and Number Theory
Creators: name: Garcia-Islas, J. Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that counting different configurations that give rise to black hole entropy in loop quantum gravity is related to partitions in number theory.
description: 6 pages
title: Revisión Radiológica de las Roturas Diferidas de Bazo
Creators: name: Goic Ortiz, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Complications
subject: CT
subject: Spleen
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
- Conocer los signostomográficos de las principales formas de presentación de una rotura diferida de bazo,
aportando nuestra experiencia. - Conocer la clasificación de las lesiones esplénicas según su...
title: Apendagitis y su diagnóstico diferencial
Creators: name: Santa Eulalia Mainegra, Erick
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Acute
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Describir los hallazgos clínicos y radiológicos de la apendagitis aguda, patología poco considerada en el diagnóstico diferencial del dolor abdominal agudo en urgencias,mediante la presentación de 3 casos clínicos de nuestro...
title: Angiopatía Amiloide Inflamatoria: una entidad con nombre propio.
Creators: name: Abbas Khoja, Nassr Aldin
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Dementia

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Encauzar mediante una serie de casos diagnosticados en nuestro hospital,
los diferentes signos radiológicos,
así como la clínica característica que se pone de manifiesto en esta forma de presentación infrecuente de la angiopatía amiloide...
Additional file 6 of Epidemiological trends of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer at the global, regional, and national levels: a population-based study
Creators: name: Deng, Yujiao
name: Zhao, Peng
name: Zhou, Linghui
name: Xiang, Dong
name: Hu, Jingjing
name: Liu, Yu
name: Ruan, Jian
name: Ye, Xianghua
name: Zheng, Yi
name: Yao, Jia
name: Zhai, Zhen
name: Wang, Shuqian
name: Yang, Si
name: Wu, Ying
name: Li, Na
name: Xu, Peng
name: Zhang, Dai
name: Kang, Huafeng
name: Lyu, Jun
name: Dai, Zhijun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6: Table S3. The ASRs and variations of TBL cancer from 1990 to 2017 among countries.
title: Síndrome de Tako-Tsubo. Estudio con RM.
Creators: name: Llorente Galán, Susana
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: Cardiac
subject: Arteries / Aorta

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
El objetivo de esta revisión es exponer el concepto ,
las características y los hallazgos fundamentales en RM del síndrome del Tako-Tsubo . También se ilustran algunos puntos clave desde la perspectiva radiológica que pueden ayudar a distinguir...
title: Utilidad de la RM en la valoración de la AR. Estado actual.
Creators: name: Diez Renovales, Fernando
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal system

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Revisar el papel y las indicaciones de la Resonancia Magnética (RM) en el algoritmo diagnóstico de la enfermedad así como en la monitorización del tratamiento. Repasar los hallazgos claves en las imágenes por RM,
así como su significación en...
title: Tumores del espacio parotídeo: aproximación diagnóstica y factores pronósticos.
Creators: name: Cordoba Moncada, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Salivary glands
subject: Head and neck

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
-Describir las principales caracteristicas de imagen de las tumoraciones mas comunes del espacio parotídeo. -Descrinir los factores pronósticos de las diferentes lesiones...
title: Esclerosis múltiple: mas allá de la imagen
Creators: name: Cordoba Moncada, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
-Describir los principales hallazgos por imagen en la esclerosis mútiple. -Correlacionar los hallazgos clínicos con los encontrados en la imagen...
title: Utilidad del 18-FDG-PET/TAC en el seguimiento de pacientes con carcinoma colorrectal con alto riesgo de recaída.
Creators: name: Jiménez Aragón, Fátima
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Colon
subject: Oncology
subject: PET-CT
subject: CT
subject: PET
subject: Comparative studies

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
1.
INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS El cáncer colorrectal (CCR) es uno de los tumores más frecuentemente diagnosticado y una de las principales causas de muerte por cancer en el mundo. A pesar de los avances en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de estos...
Notes on massless scalar field partition functions, modular invariance and Eisenstein series
Creators: name: Alessio, Francesco
name: Barnich, Glenn
name: Bonte, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The partition function of a massless scalar field on a Euclidean spacetime manifold $\mathbb{R}^{d-1}\times\mathbb{T}^2$ and with momentum operator in the compact spatial dimension coupled through a purely imaginary chemical potential is computed. It is modular covariant and admits a simple expression in terms of a real analytic SL$(2,\mathbb{Z})$ Eisenstein series with $s=(d+1)/2$. Different techniques for computing the partition function illustrate complementary aspects of the Eisenstein series: the functional approach gives its series representation, the operator approach yields its Fourier series, while the proper time/heat kernel/world-line approach shows that it is the Mellin transform of a Riemann theta function. High/low temperature duality is generalized to the case of a non-vanishing chemical potential. By clarifying the dependence of the partition function on the geometry of the torus, we discuss how modular covariance is a consequence of full SL$(2,\mathbb{Z})$ invariance. When the spacetime manifold is $\mathbb{R}^p\times\mathbb{T}^{q+1}$, the partition function is given in terms of a SL$(q+1,\mathbb{Z})$ Eisenstein series again with $s=(d+1)/2$. In this case, we obtain the high/low temperature duality through a suitably adapted dual parametrization of the lattice defining the torus. On $\mathbb{T}^{d+1}$, the computation is more subtle. An additional divergence leads to an harmonic anomaly.
description: 63 pages, to appear on JHEP
A distributed, plug-n-play algorithm for multi-robot applications with a priori non-computable objective functions
Creators: name: Kapoutsis, Athanasios Ch.
name: Chatzichristofis, Savvas A.
name: Kosmatopoulos, Elias B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a distributed algorithm applicable to a wide range of practical multi-robot applications. In such multi-robot applications, the user-defined objectives of the mission can be cast as a general optimization problem, without explicit guidelines of the subtasks per different robot. Owing to the unknown environment, unknown robot dynamics, sensor nonlinearities, etc., the analytic form of the optimization cost function is not available a priori. Therefore, standard gradient-descent-like algorithms are not applicable to these problems. To tackle this, we introduce a new algorithm that carefully designs each robot's subcost function, the optimization of which can accomplish the overall team objective. Upon this transformation, we propose a distributed methodology based on the cognitive-based adaptive optimization (CAO) algorithm, that is able to approximate the evolution of each robot's cost function and to adequately optimize its decision variables (robot actions). The latter can be achieved by online learning only the problem-specific characteristics that affect the accomplishment of mission objectives. The overall, low-complexity algorithm can straightforwardly incorporate any kind of operational constraint, is fault-tolerant, and can appropriately tackle time-varying cost functions. A cornerstone of this approach is that it shares the same convergence characteristics as those of block coordinate descent algorithms. The proposed algorithm is evaluated in three heterogeneous simulation set-ups under multiple scenarios, against both general-purpose and problem-specific algorithms. Source code is available at https://github.com/athakapo/A-distributed-plug-n-play-algorithm-for-multi-robot-applications.
Planckian Physics Comes Into Play At Planckian Distance From Horizon
Creators: name: Ho, Pei-Ming
name: Kawai, Hikaru
name: Yokokura, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the background of a gravitational collapse, we compute the transition amplitudes for the creation of particles for distant observers due to higher-derivative interactions in addition to Hawking radiation. The amplitudes grow exponentially with time and become of order 1 when the collapsing matter is about a Planck length outside the horizon. As a result, the effective theory breaks down at the scrambling time, invalidating its prediction of Hawking radiation. Planckian physics comes into play to decide the fate of black-hole evaporation.
description: 24 pages, no figure, reference added, minor modification
Coherent manipulation of Bose-Einstein condensates with state-dependent microwave potentials on an atom chip
Creators: name: Boehi, Pascal
name: Riedel, Max F.
name: Hoffrogge, Johannes
name: Reichel, Jakob
name: Haensch, Theodor W.
name: Treutlein, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement-based technologies, such as quantum information processing, quantum simulations, and quantum-enhanced metrology, have the potential to revolutionise our way of computing and measuring and help clarifying the puzzling concept of entanglement itself. Ultracold atoms on atom chips are attractive for their implementation, as they provide control over quantum systems in compact, robust, and scalable setups. An important tool in this system is a potential depending on the internal atomic state. Coherent dynamics in this potential combined with collisional interactions allows entanglement generation both for individual atoms and ensembles. Here, we demonstrate coherent manipulation of Bose-condensed atoms in such a potential, generated in a novel way with microwave near-fields on an atom chip. We reversibly entangle atomic internal and motional states, realizing a trapped-atom interferometer with internal-state labelling. Our system provides control over collisions in mesoscopic condensates, paving the way for on-chip generation of many-particle entanglement and quantum-enhanced metrology with spin-squeezed states.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Real-time optical micro-manipulation using optimized holograms generated on the GPU
Creators: name: Bianchi, S.
name: Di Leonardo, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Holographic optical tweezers allow the three dimensional, dynamic, multipoint manipulation of micron sized dielectric objects. Exploiting the massive parallel architecture of modern GPUs we can generate highly optimized holograms at video frame rate allowing the interactive micro-manipulation of 3D structures.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Effective Complexity and its Relation to Logical Depth
Creators: name: Ay, Nihat
name: Mueller, Markus
name: Szkola, Arleta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Effective complexity measures the information content of the regularities of an object. It has been introduced by M. Gell-Mann and S. Lloyd to avoid some of the disadvantages of Kolmogorov complexity, also known as algorithmic information content. In this paper, we give a precise formal definition of effective complexity and rigorous proofs of its basic properties. In particular, we show that incompressible binary strings are effectively simple, and we prove the existence of strings that have effective complexity close to their lengths. Furthermore, we show that effective complexity is related to Bennett's logical depth: If the effective complexity of a string $x$ exceeds a certain explicit threshold then that string must have astronomically large depth; otherwise, the depth can be arbitrarily small.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Partitioning a graph into defensive k-alliances
Creators: name: Yero, Ismael G.
name: Bermudo, Sergio
name: Rodriguez-Velazquez, Juan A.
name: Sigarreta, Jose M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C69

description: A defensive $k$-alliance in a graph is a set $S$ of vertices with the property that every vertex in $S$ has at least $k$ more neighbors in $S$ than it has outside of $S$. A defensive $k$-alliance $S$ is called global if it forms a dominating set. In this paper we study the problem of partitioning the vertex set of a graph into (global) defensive $k$-alliances. The (global) defensive $k$-alliance partition number of a graph $Γ=(V,E)$, ($ψ_{k}^{gd}(Γ)$) $ψ_k^{d}(Γ)$, is defined to be the maximum number of sets in a partition of $V$ such that each set is a (global) defensive $k$-alliance. We obtain tight bounds on $ψ_k^{d}(Γ)$ and $ψ_{k}^{gd}(Γ)$ in terms of several parameters of the graph including the order, size, maximum and minimum degree, the algebraic connectivity and the isoperimetric number. Moreover, we study the close relationships that exist among partitions of $Γ_1\times Γ_2$ into (global) defensive $(k_1+k_2)$-alliances and partitions of $Γ_i$ into (global) defensive $k_i$-alliances, $i\in \{1,2\}$.
Frame-Like Action and Unfolded Formulation for Massive Higher-Spin Fields
Creators: name: Ponomarev, D. S.
name: Vasiliev, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unfolded equations of motion for symmetric massive bosonic fields of any spin in Minkowski and (A)dS spaces are presented. Manifestly gauge invariant action for a spin $s \ge 2$ massive field in any dimension is constructed in terms of gauge invariant curvatures.
description: 36 pages, 3 figures; added references, corrected typos, minor changes.
title: TROMBECTOMÍA MECÁNICA EN LA OCLUSIÓN AGUDA DE LA ARTERIA BASILAR. Estudio de Seguridad y Eficacia de la experiencia en nuestro centro.
Creators: name: Werner Reyes, Mariano Facundo
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Vascular
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Thrombolysis
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Objetivos Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de la trombectomía mecánica en los pacientes con oclusiónaguda de la arteria basilar. Introducción. El ictus es la primera causa de discapacidad en los países desarrollados. 1 Los ictus de...
Non-linear sigma model study of magnetic dephasing in a mesoscopic spin glass
Creators: name: Fedorenko, Andrei A.
name: Carpentier, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a nonlinear sigma model for the description of quantum transport in a mesoscopic metallic conductor with magnetic impurities frozen in a spin glass phase. It accounts for the presence of both the corresponding scalar and magnetic random potentials. In a spin glass, this magnetic random potential is correlated between different realizations. As the strength of the magnetic potential is varied, this model describes the crossover between orthogonal and unitary universality classes of the nonlinear sigma model. We apply this technique to the calculations of the correlation of conductance between two frozen spin configurations in terms of dephasing rates for the usual low energy modes of weak localization theory.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Can higher curvature corrections cure the singularity problem in f(R) gravity?
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Tsutomu
name: Maeda, Kei-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although $f(R)$ modified gravity models can be made to satisfy solar system and cosmological constraints, it has been shown that they have the serious drawback of the nonexistence of stars with strong gravitational fields. In this paper, we discuss whether or not higher curvature corrections can remedy the nonexistence consistently. The following problems are shown to arise as the costs one must pay for the $f(R)$ models that allow for neutrons stars: (i) the leading correction must be fine-tuned to have the typical energy scale $μ\lesssim 10^{-19}$ GeV, which essentially comes from the free fall time of a relativistic star; (ii) the leading correction must be further fine-tuned so that it is not given by the quadratic curvature term. The second problem is caused because there appears an intermediate curvature scale and laboratory experiments of gravity will be under the influence of higher curvature corrections. Our analysis thus implies that it is a challenge to construct viable $f(R)$ models without very careful and unnatural fine-tuning.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, v2: minor modifications, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D