cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Claire Donato Netprov Interview, Dec 2022
Creators: name: Wittig, Rob
name: Donato, Claire
Publisher: name: Electronic Book Review
Year: 2021

description: Rob Wittig and Claire Donato - a writer, a multidisciplinary artist, and a netprov contributor – discuss how a sense of performativity linked with playfulness and joy of collaborative improvisation constitute the very core of netprov.
Congruence classes of points in quaternionic hyperbolic spaces
Creators: name: Cao, Wensheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50, 57M50, 53C17, 32M15

description: An important problem in quaternionic hyperbolic geometry is to classify ordered $m$-tuples of pairwise distinct points in the closure of quaternionic hyperbolic n-space, $\overline{{\bf H}_\bh^n}$, up to congruence in the holomorphic isometry group ${\rm PSp}(n,1)$ of ${\bf H}_\bh^n$. In this paper we concentrate on two cases: $m=3$ in $\overline{{\bf H}_\bh^n}$ and $m=4$ on $\partial{\bf H}_\bh^n$ for $n\geq 2$. New geometric invariants and several distance formulas in quaternionic hyperbolic geometry are introduced and studied for this problem. The congruence classes are completely described by quaternionic Cartan's angular invariants and the distances between some geometric objects for the first case. The moduli space is constructed for the second case.
description: 26 pages
Differences in scaling and morphology between lumbricid earthworm ecotypes
Creators: name: Kier, William M.
name: Kurth, Jessica A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Many soft-bodied invertebrates use a flexible, fluid-filled hydrostatic skeleton for burrowing. The aim of our study was to compare the scaling and morphology between surface-dwelling and burrowing earthworm ecotypes to explore the specializations of non-rigid musculoskeletal systems for burrowing locomotion. We compared the scaling of adult lumbricid earthworms across species and ecotypes to determine whether linear dimensions were significantly associated with ecotype. We also compared the ontogenetic scaling of a burrowing species,
Building effective relationships with industry and post secondary institutions: Rural and remote high school student off campus experiences
Creators: Tracy Demeester
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

The purpose of off-campus experiences for high school students is to develop their skills and create opportunities for contextualized learning opportunities. Oftentimes rural remote school leaders do not have the time to create relationships with industry or post-secondary institutions to

provide experiential learning endeavors. This study is to gain a better understanding of how leaders in rural and remote high schools build effective partnerships with industry and post-secondary institutions for the purpose of facilitating career and internship experiences for their students. A thematic review of the literature and limited qualitative research study was conducted through interviews. Three principals from Peace River School Division (PRSD) were selected for interviews. My results demonstrate a need for collaboration, resource sharing, advocacy and modeling of off-campus coordinators in PRSD. A conceptual framework was used as a guide to make recommendations from the findings.
FERREIRA GULLAR E SEU POEMA SUJO: O UNIVERSO ÍNTIMO, DE ONDE BROTA A VERVE E A HABILIDADE PESSOAL DE TRANSMUTAR A EXPERIÊNCIA EXTERIOR
Creators: name: Eduardo Henrique da Silva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ferreira Gullar, um dos mais importantes poetas brasileiros, revela em seu "Poema Sujo" uma habilidade singular de transformar experiências pessoais e exteriores em arte de profunda ressonância. Este trabalho explora como o universo íntimo do poeta, marcado por memórias de infância, exílio e tensões sociais, torna-se a fonte de sua verve criativa. O "Poema Sujo", escrito durante o exílio na Argentina, é uma obra que mistura autobiografia, crítica social e experimentação linguística, refletindo as complexidades da condição humana e do ambiente urbano. Através de uma análise contextual e literária, o estudo busca compreender como Gullar sublima suas experiências, convertendo-as em uma poesia que transcende o particular e adquire uma dimensão universal. A pesquisa aborda a relação entre a biografia do poeta e sua criação, investigando o processo de transmutação das experiências vividas em arte poética. Esta investigação contribui para uma compreensão mais profunda da poética de Gullar e do impacto cultural e literário de sua obra.
(1451) Thomas Ley Chalton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Effects of estradiol on neural responses to social signals in female tungara frogs
Creators: name: Burmeister, Sabrina S.
name: Chakraborty, Mukta
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ABSTRACT Estradiol plays an important role in mediating changes in female sexual behavior across reproductive cycles. In the túngara frog [Physalaemus (=Engystomops) pustulosus], the relationship between gonadal activity and female sexual behavior, as expressed by phonotaxis, is mediated primarily by estradiol. Estradiol receptors are expressed in auditory and motivational brain areas and the hormone could serve as an important modulator of neural responses to conspecific calls. To better understand how estradiol modifies neural responses to conspecific social signals, we manipulated estradiol levels and measured expression of the immediate early gene egr-1 in the auditory midbrain, thalamus and limbic forebrain in response to conspecific or heterospecific calls. We found that estradiol and conspecific calls increased egr-1 expression in the auditory midbrain and limbic forebrain, but in the thalamus, only conspecific calls were effective. In the preoptic area, estradiol enhanced the effect of the conspecific call on egr-1 expression, suggesting that the preoptic area could act as a hormonal gatekeeper to phonotaxis. Overall, the results suggest that estradiol has broad influences on the neural circuit involved in female reproduction, particularly those implicated in phonotaxis.
Bridging Social Media via Distant Supervision
Creators: name: Magdy, Walid
name: Sajjad, Hassan
name: El-Ganainy, Tarek
name: Sebastiani, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Microblog classification has received a lot of attention in recent years. Different classification tasks have been investigated, most of them focusing on classifying microblogs into a small number of classes (five or less) using a training set of manually annotated tweets. Unfortunately, labelling data is tedious and expensive, and finding tweets that cover all the classes of interest is not always straightforward, especially when some of the classes do not frequently arise in practice. In this paper we study an approach to tweet classification based on distant supervision, whereby we automatically transfer labels from one social medium to another for a single-label multi-class classification task. In particular, we apply YouTube video classes to tweets linking to these videos. This provides for free a virtually unlimited number of labelled instances that can be used as training data. The classification experiments we have run show that training a tweet classifier via these automatically labelled data achieves substantially better performance than training the same classifier with a limited amount of manually labelled data; this is advantageous, given that the automatically labelled data come at no cost. Further investigation of our approach shows its robustness when applied with different numbers of classes and across different languages.
(1452) Harry Manners
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
On the soft limit of open string disk amplitudes with massive states
Creators: name: Bianchi, Massimo
name: Guerrieri, Andrea L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the soft behaviour of open string amplitudes with gluons and massive states in any dimension. Notwithstanding non-minimal couplings of massive higher spin states to gluons, relying on OPE and factorization, we argue that the leading and sub-leading terms are universal and identical to the ones in Yang-Mills theories. In order to illustrate this, we compute some 4-point amplitudes on the disk involving gluons, massive states and, for the bosonic string, tachyons. For the superstring, we revisit the structure of the massive super-multiplets at the first massive level and rewrite the amplitudes in D = 4 in the spinor helicity formalism, that we adapt to accommodate massive higher spin states. We also check the validity of a recently obtained formula relating open superstring amplitudes for mass-less states at tree-level to SYM amplitudes, by factorisation on two-particle massive poles. Finally we analyse the holomorphic soft limit of superstring amplitudes with one massive insertion.
description: 28+12 pages; minor corrections performed; more citations added
Fluctuating temperatures and ectotherm growth: distinguishing non-linear and time-dependent effects
Creators: name: Augustine, Kate E.
name: Kingsolver, Joel G.
name: Higgins, Jessica K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ABSTRACT Most terrestrial ectotherms experience diurnal and seasonal variation in temperature. Because thermal performance curves are non-linear, mean performance can differ in fluctuating and constant thermal environments. However, time-dependent effects – effects of the order and duration of exposure to temperature – can also influence mean performance. We quantified the non-linear and time-dependent effects of diurnally fluctuating temperatures for larval growth rates in the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta L., with four main results. First, the shape of the thermal performance curve for growth rate depended on the duration of exposure: for example, optimal temperature and thermal breadth were greater for growth rates measured over short (24 h during the last instar) compared with long (the entire period of larval growth) time periods. Second, larvae reared in diurnally fluctuating temperatures had significantly higher optimal temperatures and maximal growth rates than larvae reared in constant temperatures. Third, for larvae maintained at three mean temperatures (20, 25 and 30°C) and three diurnal temperature ranges (±0, ±5 and ±10°C), diurnal fluctuations had opposite effects on mean growth rates at low versus high mean temperature. Fourth, both short- and long-term thermal performance curves yielded poor predictions of the non-linear effects of fluctuating temperature on mean growth rates (compared with our experimental results) at higher mean temperatures. Our results suggest caution in using constant temperature studies to model the consequences of variable thermal environments.
Relative Stability and Local Curvature Analysis in Carbon Nanotori
Creators: name: Chuang, Chern
name: Guan, Jie
name: Witalka, David
name: Zhu, Zhen
name: Jin, Bih-Yaw
name: Tomanek, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a concise formalism to characterize nanometer-sized tori based on carbon nanotubes and to determine their stability by combining {\em ab initio} density functional calculations with a continuum elasticity theory approach that requires only shape information. We find that the high strain energy in nanotori containing only hexagonal rings is significantly reduced in nanotori containing also other polygons. Our approach allows to determine local curvature and link it to local strain energy, which is correlated with local stability and chemical reactivity.
Figure S5 from Natural diversity of CRISPR spacers of Thermus: evidence of local spacer acquisition and global spacer exchange
Creators: name: Lopatina, Anna
name: Medvedeva, Sofia
name: Artamonova, Daria
name: Matvey Kolesnik
name: Sitnik, Vasily
name: Ispolatov, Yaroslav
name: Severinov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Correlation of beta-diversity and geographical distance
title: Jean Sramek Netprov Interview, Oct 2022
Creators: name: Sramek, Jean
name: Wittig, Rob
Publisher: name: Electronic Book Review
Year: 2021

description: Rob Wittig and Jean Sramek - a playwright and netprov contributor – discuss how netprov as networked collaborative writing has changed since one of its earliest instance, Grace, Wit & Charm.
Magnetic navigation behavior and the oceanic ecology of young loggerhead sea turtles
Creators: name: Verley, Philippe
name: Lohmann, Kenneth J.
name: Putman, Nathan F.
name: Endres, Courtney S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ABSTRACT During long-distance migrations, animals navigate using a variety of sensory cues, mechanisms and strategies. Although guidance mechanisms are usually studied under controlled laboratory conditions, such methods seldom allow for navigation behavior to be examined in an environmental context. Similarly, although realistic environmental models are often used to investigate the ecological implications of animal movement, explicit consideration of navigation mechanisms in such models is rare. Here, we used an interdisciplinary approach in which we first conducted lab-based experiments to determine how hatchling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) respond to magnetic fields that exist at five widely separated locations along their migratory route, and then studied the consequences of the observed behavior by simulating it within an ocean circulation model. Magnetic fields associated with two geographic regions that pose risks to young turtles (due to cold wintertime temperatures or potential displacement from the migratory route) elicited oriented swimming, whereas fields from three locations where surface currents and temperature pose no such risk did not. Additionally, at locations with fields that elicited oriented swimming, simulations indicate that the observed behavior greatly increases the likelihood of turtles advancing along the migratory pathway. Our findings suggest that the magnetic navigation behavior of sea turtles is intimately tied to their oceanic ecology and is shaped by a complex interplay between ocean circulation and geomagnetic dynamics.
Figure S2 from Natural diversity of CRISPR spacers of Thermus: evidence of local spacer acquisition and global spacer exchange
Creators: name: Lopatina, Anna
name: Medvedeva, Sofia
name: Artamonova, Daria
name: Matvey Kolesnik
name: Sitnik, Vasily
name: Ispolatov, Yaroslav
name: Severinov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Intersection of reconstructed I-A CRISPR arrays for Thermasdel Flaco1 and Thermasdel Flaco5. Arrows show direction from leader sequence.
The role of the pericardium in the valveless, tubular heart of the tunicate Ciona savignyi
Creators: name: Miller, Laura A.
name: Waldrop, Lindsay D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ABSTRACT Tunicates, small invertebrates within the phylum Chordata, possess a robust tubular heart which pumps blood through their open circulatory systems without the use of valves. This heart consists of two major components: the tubular myocardium, a flexible layer of myocardial cells that actively contracts to drive fluid down the length of the tube; and the pericardium, a stiff, outer layer of cells that surrounds the myocardium and creates a fluid-filled space between the myocardium and the pericardium. We investigated the role of the pericardium through in vivo manipulations on tunicate hearts and computational simulations of the myocardium and pericardium using the immersed boundary method. Experimental manipulations reveal that damage to the pericardium results in aneurysm-like bulging of the myocardium and major reductions in the net blood flow and percentage closure of the heart9s lumen during contraction. In addition, varying the pericardium-to-myocardium (PM) diameter ratio by increasing damage severity was positively correlated with peak dye flow in the heart. Computational simulations mirror the results of varying the PM ratio experimentally. Reducing the stiffness of the myocardium in the simulations reduced mean blood flow only for simulations without a pericardium. These results indicate that the pericardium has the ability to functionally increase the stiffness of the myocardium and limit myocardial aneurysms. The pericardium9s function is likely to enhance flow through the highly resistive circulatory system by acting as a support structure in the absence of connective tissue within the myocardium.
A history of English
Creators: name: Hejná, Míša
name: Walkden, George
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: history
subject: English
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: Where does today’s English language come from? This book takes its readers on a journey back in time, from present-day varieties to the Old English of Beowulf and beyond. Written for students with little or no background in linguistics, and reflecting the latest scholarship, it showcases the variation and change present throughout the history of English, and includes numerous exercises and sample texts for every period. The reverse-chronological approach taken by this book sets it apart from all existing textbooks of the last fifty years. Innovative features also include its focus on variation, multilingualism and language contact, its use of texts from outside the literary canon, and its inclusion of case studies from syntax, sociophonetics and historical pragmatics.
Supplementary figure S1. from Natural diversity of CRISPR spacers of Thermus: evidence of local spacer acquisition and global spacer exchange.
Creators: name: Lopatina, Anna
name: Medvedeva, Sofia
name: Artamonova, Daria
name: Matvey Kolesnik
name: Sitnik, Vasily
name: Ispolatov, Yaroslav
name: Severinov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Amplification of Thermus CRISPR spacers from enrichment cultures.A. A schematic of strategy used to amplify spacers associated with Thermus CRISPR repeats from environmental samples.B. An agarose gel showing the results of separation of products of PCR amplification with primers specific to Thermus I-E type CRISPR repeat.
Figure S3 from Natural diversity of CRISPR spacers of Thermus: evidence of local spacer acquisition and global spacer exchange
Creators: name: Lopatina, Anna
name: Medvedeva, Sofia
name: Artamonova, Daria
name: Matvey Kolesnik
name: Sitnik, Vasily
name: Ispolatov, Yaroslav
name: Severinov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The diversity of CRISPR spacers in environmental Thermus samples.
(1448) Frederick Hall
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(1449) Lilian Isabel [Seaton]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Western and Clark's grebes use novel strategies for running on water
Creators: name: Clifton, Glenna T.
name: Hedrick, Tyson L.
name: Biewener, Andrew A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ABSTRACT Few vertebrates run on water. The largest animals to accomplish this feat are western and Clark9s grebes (Aechmophorus occidentalis and Aechmophorus clarkii). These birds use water running to secure a mate during a display called rushing. Grebes weigh an order of magnitude more than the next largest water runners, basilisk lizards (Basilicusbasiliscus), and therefore face a greater challenge to support their body weight. How do these birds produce the hydrodynamic forces necessary to overcome gravity and sustain rushing? We present the first quantitative study of water running by grebes. High-speed video recordings elucidate the hindlimb movements of grebes rushing in the wild. We complement these findings with laboratory experiments using physical models and a preserved grebe foot to estimate how slapping the water surface contributes to weight support. Our results indicate that grebes use three novel tactics to successfully run on water. First, rushing grebes use exceptionally high stride rates, reaching 10 Hz. Second, grebe foot size and high water impact speed allow grebes to generate up to 30–55% of the required weight support through water slap alone. Finally, flattened foot bones reduce downward drag, permitting grebes to retract each foot from the water laterally. Together, these mechanisms outline a water-running strategy qualitatively different from that of the only previously studied water runner, the basilisk lizard. The hydrodynamic specializations of rushing grebes could inform the design of biomimetic appendages. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying this impressive display demonstrate that evolution can dramatically alter performance under sexual selection.
Figure S1 from Natural diversity of CRISPR spacers of Thermus: evidence of local spacer acquisition and global spacer exchange
Creators: name: Lopatina, Anna
name: Medvedeva, Sofia
name: Artamonova, Daria
name: Matvey Kolesnik
name: Sitnik, Vasily
name: Ispolatov, Yaroslav
name: Severinov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Amplification of Thermus CRISPR spacers from enrichment cultures.A. A schematic of strategy used to amplify spacers associated with Thermus CRISPR repeats from environmental samples.B. An agarose gel showing the results of separation of products of PCR amplification with primers specific to Thermus I-E type CRISPR repeat.
Short-Circuit Fault Location Dataset for Distribution Systems with DER Integration
Creators: name: Reiz, Cleberton
name: Alves, Everton
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This dataset contains current measurements from the Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) available on the adapted 33-bus test system used in the fault location analysis described in the paper "Comparative Study of Machine Learning Methods for Fault Location and Decision Support in Modern Distribution Networks." The data is generated through steady-state short circuit simulations for multiple fault locations, varying fault resistances, and different fault types. The current signals also indicate the direction of flow based on MTA 45° polarity 90. Additionally, the dataset includes information on the fault node and fault resistance for each scenario. The type of fault is indicated at the end of each scenario name. These measurements serve as features for training machine learning models aimed at identifying faulted locations in distribution systems with DER integration. The dataset is provided to ensure reproducibility of the results and enable further research in fault location and system restoration.
An Experimental Comparison of Hybrid Algorithms for Bayesian Network Structure Learning
Creators: name: Gasse, Maxime
name: Aussem, Alex
name: Elghazel, Haytham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel hybrid algorithm for Bayesian network structure learning, called Hybrid HPC (H2PC). It first reconstructs the skeleton of a Bayesian network and then performs a Bayesian-scoring greedy hill-climbing search to orient the edges. It is based on a subroutine called HPC, that combines ideas from incremental and divide-and-conquer constraint-based methods to learn the parents and children of a target variable. We conduct an experimental comparison of H2PC against Max-Min Hill-Climbing (MMHC), which is currently the most powerful state-of-the-art algorithm for Bayesian network structure learning, on several benchmarks with various data sizes. Our extensive experiments show that H2PC outperforms MMHC both in terms of goodness of fit to new data and in terms of the quality of the network structure itself, which is closer to the true dependence structure of the data. The source code (in R) of H2PC as well as all data sets used for the empirical tests are publicly available.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1101.5184 by other authors. Lecture notes in computer science, springer, 2012, Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases, 7523, pp.58-73
Spiro heterocycles bearing piperidine moiety as potential scaffold for antileishmanial activity: synthesis, biological evaluation, and in silico studies
Creators: name: Mohamed, Mounir A. A.
name: Kadry, Asmaa M.
name: Bekhit, Salma A.
name: Abourehab, Mohammed A. S.
name: Amagase, Kikuko
name: Ibrahim, Tamer M.
name: El-Saghier, Ahmed M. M.
name: Bekhit, Adnan A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: New spiro-piperidine derivatives were synthesised via the eco-friendly ionic liquids in a one-pot fashion. The in vitro antileishmanial activity against Leishmania major promastigote and amastigote forms highlighted promising antileishmanial activity for most of the derivatives, with superior activity compared to miltefosine. The most active compounds 8a and 9a exhibited sub-micromolar range of activity, with IC50 values of 0.89 µM and 0.50 µM, respectively, compared to 8.08 µM of miltefosine. Furthermore, the antileishmanial activity reversal of these compounds via folic and folinic acids displayed comparable results to the positive control trimethoprim. This emphasises that their antileishmanial activity is through the antifolate mechanism via targeting DHFR and PTR1. The most active compounds showed superior selectivity and safety profile compared to miltefosine against VERO cells. Moreover, the docking experiments of 8a and 9a against Lm-PTR1 rationalised the observed in vitro activities. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed a stable and high potential binding to Lm-PTR1.
Search for a Heavy Neutral Particle Decaying to $eμ$, $eτ$, or $μτ$ in $pp$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV with the ATLAS Detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Letter presents a search for a heavy neutral particle decaying into an opposite-sign different-flavor dilepton pair, $e^\pm μ^\mp$, $e^\pm τ^\mp$, or $μ^\pm τ^\mp$ using 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collision data at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The numbers of observed candidate events are compatible with the Standard Model expectations. Limits are set on the cross section of new phenomena in two scenarios: the production of $\tildeν_τ$ in $R$-parity-violating supersymmetric models and the production of a lepton-flavor-violating $Z'$ vector boson.
description: 8 pages plus author list + cover pages (25 pages total), 2 figures, 1 tables, submitted to Physical Review Letters, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2013-06/
(1450) Arthur Rimington Glazebrook
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Malignant Transformation and Antineoplastic Actions of Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (Nsaids) on Cyclooxygenase-Null Embryo Fibroblasts
Creators: name: Young, Donald A.
name: Morham, Scott G.
name: Zhang, Xinping
name: Langenbach, Robert
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: In this study, we use primary embryonic fibroblasts derived from cyclooxygenase-deficient transgenic embryos to further investigate the role of the two cyclooxygenases, cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), in the process of neoplastic transformation. Cells with either, neither, or both of the cyclooxygenases were transformed by Ha-ras and/or SV40. Our results show that when a cyclooxygenase enzyme is present, the transformed cells have marked increases in COX-2 and/or COX-1 expression. Nevertheless, each type of cell, deficient in either or both cyclooxygenases, can be readily transformed at almost equal efficiency. Different nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were used to examine their possible antineoplastic effects on the transformed cells, which have various levels of expression of COX-1 or COX-2. Our results show that NSAIDs suppress the colony formation in soft agar in a dosage-dependent manner in the absence of the cyclooxygenase(s). Thymidine incorporation and apoptosis analyses further demonstrate that the NSAIDs are effective in the cyclooxygenase-null cells. Our findings with cyclooxygenase knockout cells confirm recent reports that some of the antiproliferative and antineoplastic effects of NSAIDs are independent of the inhibition of either COX-1 or COX-2. They also show that transformation is independent of the status of cyclooxygenase expression, suggesting that the involvement of the cyclooxygenases in tumorigenesis may occur at later steps.
Topology of the ambient boundary and the convergence of causal curves
Creators: name: Antoniadis, Ignatios
name: Cotsakis, Spiros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the topological nature of the boundary spacetime, the conformal infinity of the ambient cosmological metric. Due to the existence of a homothetic group, the bounding spacetime must be equipped not with the usual Euclidean metric topology but with the Zeeman fine topology. This then places severe constraints to the convergence of a sequence of causal curves and the extraction of a limit curve, and also to our ability to formulate conditions for singularity formation.
description: 8 pages
$X(3915)$ as a $D_s \bar D_s$ bound state
Creators: name: Li, Xin
name: Voloshin, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest that the observed properties of the charmoniumlike resonance $X(3915)$ can possibly be explained if it is an $S-$wave molecular bound state of $D_s \bar D_s$ meson pair with binding energy about 18\,MeV. In particular, the decays of $X(3915)$ to pairs of non-strange $D$ mesons are suppressed and proceed at a rate comparable to that of the decay $X(3915) \to ωJ/ψ$, whose branching fraction can be as large as about 0.3. Other major types of decay of $X(3915)$ with a comparable (or slightly smaller) rate are the transition $X(3915) \to ηη_c$ and the decays into light hadrons due to the annihilation of the $c \bar c$ quark pair. The existence of a bound state should lead to an enhancement in the spectrum of the invariant mass for the $D_s \bar D_s$ near threshold in $B$ decays, e.g. in $B \to K D_s \bar D_s$ which enhancement can be tested experimentally.
description: 8 pages
(1445) Mary [Porritt]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Structural Evidence of  T Cell Xeno-reactivity in the Absence of Molecular Mimicry
Creators: name: Loftus, Douglas J.
name: Appella, Ettore
name: Collins, Edward J.
name: Zhao, Rui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The T cell receptor (TCR), from a xeno-reactive murine cytotoxic T lymphocyte clone AHIII12.2, recognizes murine H-2Db complexed with peptide p1027 (FAPGVFPYM), as well as human HLA-A2.1 complexed with peptide p1049 (ALWGFFPVL). A commonly proposed model (the molecular mimicry model) used to explain TCR cross-reactivity suggests that the molecular surfaces of the recognized complexes are similar in shape, charge, or both, in spite of the primary sequence differences. To examine the mechanism of xeno-reactivity of AHIII12.2, we have determined the crystal structures of A2/p1049 and Db/p1027 to 2.5 Å and 2.8 Å resolution, respectively. The crystal structures show that the TCR footprint regions of the two class I complexes are significantly different in shape and charge. We propose that rather than simple molecular mimicry, unpredictable arrays of common and differential contacts on the two class I complexes are used for their recognition by the same TCR.
title: European starling use of nest boxes relative to human disturbance
Creators: name: Blackwell, Bradley F.
name: Buckingham, Bruce
name: Pfeiffer, Morgan
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) nesting poses debris hazards within airport hangars and to engine and flight surfaces of moored aircraft. We questioned whether consistent removal of nest material would negatively affect use of a nest site, measured by a reduction in material accumulation. We conducted our study on a 2,200-ha site in Erie County, Ohio, USA (41◦22’ N, 82◦41’ W) from 15 April through 02 June 2020. We used 120 wooden nest boxes, protected by an aluminum predator guard below the box. Our treatments included 1) twice weekly, repeated nest material removal (RMR, n = 40 nest boxes): 2) complete nest removal, but only after nest construction and ≥1 starling egg was laid (CNR, n = 40 nest boxes); and 3) a control, n = 40 nest boxes; N = 120 nest boxes). Starlings deposited approximately 50% greater mass of nest material and eggs at RMR than CNR nest boxes, indicating that consistent disturbance failed to dissuade use. Predator guard protection of nest boxes at our site reduced nest predation of starlings; the current starling population is likely adapted to selecting these sites. Similar selection toward low nest-predation risk associated with anthropogenic structures and moored aircraft is also possible. Aside from covering moored aircraft and closing hangar doors, actions not necessarily feasible, removal of starling nesting material >twice weekly would be necessary to maintain minimum control over material deposition that could affect aircraft function and safety.
Proterozoic Tectonostratigraphy and Paleogeography of Central Madagascar Derived from Detrital Zircon U‐Pb Age Populations
Creators: name: Wooden, Joseph L.
name: Collins, Alan S.
name: De Waele, Bert
name: Cox, Rónadh
name: Coleman, Drew S.
name: DeOreo, Stephen B.
name: Kröner, Alfred
name: Chokel, Carla B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Detrital zircon U-Pb ages determined by SHRIMP distinguish two clastic sequences among Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks from central Madagascar. The Itremo Group is older: zircon data, stromatolite characteristics, and carbon isotope data all point to a depositional age around 1500-1700 Ma. The Molo Group is younger, deposited between ???620 Ma (the age of the youngest zircon) and ???560 Ma (the age of metamorphic overgrowths on detrital cores). Geochronologic provenance analysis of the Itremo Group points to sources in East Africa as well as local sources in central and southern Madagascar but provides no evidence for a detrital contribution from northern and eastern Madagascar nor from southern India. Detrital zircon and sedimentologic similarities between rocks of the Itremo Group and the Zambian Muva Supergroup suggest a lithostratigraphic correlation between the two. The Molo Group has a strong 1000-1100 Ma detrital signature that also indicates an east African provenance and suggests a Neoproterozoic geographic connection with Sri Lanka but shows no indication of input from the Dharwar craton and eastern Madagascar. Central Madagascar was probably juxtaposed with the Tanzanian craton in the Paleo- and Mesoproterozoic, whereas northern and eastern Madagascar were connected to India. Internal assembly of Madagascar postdates Neoproterozoic Molo Group sedimentation and is likely to have occurred at about 560 Ma. ?? 2004 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.
(1446) David Wright Porritt
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary methods, figures and tables from Effects of body plan evolution on the hydrodynamic drag and energy requirements of swimming in ichthyosaurs.
Creators: name: Gutarra, Susana
name: Moon, Benjamin C.
name: Rahman, Imran A.
name: Palmer, Colin
name: Lautenschlager, Stephan
name: Brimacombe, Alison J.
name: Benton, Michael J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Ichthyosaurs are an extinct group of fully marine tetrapods that were well adapted to aquatic locomotion. During their approximately 160 Myr existence, they evolved from elongate and serpentine forms into stockier, fish-like animals, convergent with sharks and dolphins. Here, we use computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to quantify the impact of this transition on the energy demands of ichthyosaur swimming, to our knowledge for the first time. We run computational simulations of water flow using three-dimensional digital models of nine ichthyosaurs and an extant functional analogue, a bottlenose dolphin, providing, to our knowledge, the first quantitative evaluation of ichthyosaur hydrodynamics across phylogeny. Our results show that morphology did not have a major effect on the drag coefficient or the energy cost of steady swimming through geological time. We show that even the early ichthyosaurs produced low levels of drag for a given volume, comparable to those of a modern dolphin, and that deep ‘torpedo-shaped’ bodies did not reduce the cost of locomotion. Our analysis also provides important insight into the choice of scaling parameters for CFD applied to swimming mechanics, and underlines the great influence of body size evolution on ichthyosaur locomotion. A combination of large bodies and efficient swimming modes lowered the cost of steady swimming as ichthyosaurs became increasingly adapted to a pelagic existence.
title: Machine translation for everyone
title: Empowering users in the age of artificial intelligence
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine translation
subject: artificial intelligence
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: Language learning and translation have always been complementary pillars of multilingualism in the European Union. Both have been affected by the increasing availability of machine translation (MT): language learners now make use of free online MT to help them both understand and produce texts in a second language, but there are fears that uninformed use of the technology could undermine effective language learning. At the same time, MT is promoted as a technology that will change the face of professional translation, but the technical opacity of contemporary approaches, and the legal and ethical issues they raise, can make the participation of human translators in contemporary MT workflows particularly complicated. Against this background, this book attempts to promote teaching and learning about MT among a broad range of readers, including language learners, language teachers, trainee translators, translation teachers, and professional translators. It presents a rationale for learning about MT, and provides both a basic introduction to contemporary machine-learning based MT, and a more advanced discussion of neural MT. It explores the ethical issues that increased use of MT raises, and provides advice on its application in language learning. It also shows how users can make the most of MT through pre-editing, post-editing and customization of the technology.
Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Can Relieve Cancer-Related Fatigue: Hypothesis and Preliminary Observations
Creators: name: Kamath, Jayesh
name: Yarbrough, G. G.
name: Winokur, A.
name: Prange Jr., A. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Fatigue in cancer patients is highly prevalent, predominantly idiopathic, difficult to manage, and has a significant negative impact on quality of life. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) exerts normotrophic, state-dependent therapeutic effects in a variety of experimental and clinical situations. To evaluate TRH as a treatment for cancer-related fatigue, an ongoing randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover pilot study of breast cancer patients has been initiated and this report presents preliminary observations conducted with three of these patients over 4 consecutive weeks, thereby involving a total of six TRH treatments and six saline controls. Global assessment using both subjective and objective parameters showed that TRH exerted clear anti-fatigue effects in four of the six TRH treatments. These responses were rapid in onset and persisted through the 24 h observation period. No anti-fatigue responses were seen in five of the six saline controls. No unexpected side-effects were seen with TRH administration. These initial findings support the proposal that TRH can ameliorate cancer-related fatigue.
(1447) Frederick Holmes
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.