cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The inhibitory performance of flavonoid cyanidin-3-sambubiocide against H274Y mutation in H1N1 influenza virus
Creators: name: S. Kannan
name: P. Kolandaivel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is the most accepted antiviral drug that targets the neuraminidase (NA) protein to inhibit the viral release from the host cell. Few H1N1 influenza strains with the H274Y mutation creates drug resistance to oseltamivir. In this study, we report that flavonoid cyanidin-3-sambubiocide (C3S) compound acts as a potential inhibitor against H274Y mutation. The drug resistance mechanism and inhibitory activity of C3S and oseltamivir against wild-type (WT) and H274Y mutant-type (MT) have been studied and compared based on the results of molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and quantum chemical methods. Oseltamivir has been found less binding affinity with MT. C3S has more binding affinity with WT and MT proteins. From the dynamical study, the 150th loop of the MT protein has found more deformation than WT. A single H274Y mutation induces the conformational changes in the 150th loop which leads to produce more resistance to oseltamivir. The 150th cavity is more attractive target for C3S to stop the conformational changes in the MT, than 430th cavity of NA protein. The C3S is stabilized with MT by more number of hydrogen bonds than oseltamivir. The electrostatic interaction energy shows a stronger C3S binding with MT and this compound may be more effective against oseltamivir-resistant virus strains.
Genomic characterization, transcriptome analysis, and pathogenicity of the Nipah virus (Indian isolate)
Creators: name: Mohandas, Sreelekshmy
name: Shete, Anita
name: Sarkale, Prasad
name: Kumar, Abhinendra
name: Mote, Chandrasekhar
name: Yadav, Pragya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Nipah virus (NiV) is a high-risk pathogen which can cause fatal infections in humans. The Indian isolate from the 2018 outbreak in the Kerala state of India showed ~ 4% nucleotide and amino acid difference in comparison to the Bangladesh strains of NiV and the substitutions observed were mostly not present in the region of any functional significance except for the phosphoprotein gene. The differential expression of viral genes was observed following infection in Vero (ATCC® CCL−81™) and BHK−21 cells. Intraperitoneal infection in the 10–12-week-old, Syrian hamster model induced dose dependant multisystemic disease characterized by prominent vascular lesions in lungs, brain, kidney and extra vascular lesions in brain and lungs. Congestion, haemorrhages, inflammatory cell infiltration, thrombosis and rarely endothelial syncitial cell formation were seen in the blood vessels. Intranasal infection resulted in respiratory tract infection characterised by pneumonia. The model showed disease characteristics resembling the human NiV infection except that of myocarditis similar to that reported by NiV-Malaysia and NiV-Bangladesh isolates in hamster model. The variation observed in the genome of the Indian isolate at the amino acid levels should be explored further for any functional significance.
K2-66b and K2-106b: Two extremely hot sub-Neptune-size planets with high densities
Creators: name: Sinukoff, Evan
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Petigura, Erik A.
name: Fulton, Benjamin J.
name: Crossfield, Ian J. M.
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Gonzales, Erica
name: Crepp, Justin R.
name: Brewer, John M.
name: Hirsch, Lea
name: Weiss, Lauren M.
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Schlieder, Joshua E.
name: Benneke, Bjoern
name: Christiansen, Jessie L.
name: Dressing, Courtney D.
name: Hansen, Brad M. S.
name: Knutson, Heather A.
name: Kosiarek, Molly
name: Livingston, John H.
name: Greene, Thomas P.
name: Rogers, Leslie A.
name: Lepine, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report precise mass and density measurements of two extremely hot sub-Neptune-size planets from the K2 mission using radial velocities, K2 photometry, and adaptive optics imaging. K2-66 harbors a close-in sub-Neptune-sized (2.49$^{+0.34}_{-0.24} R_\oplus$) planet (K2-66b) with a mass of 21.3 $\pm$ 3.6 $M_\oplus$. Because the star is evolving up the sub-giant branch, K2-66b receives a high level of irradiation, roughly twice the main sequence value. K2-66b may reside within the so-called "photoevaporation desert", a domain of planet size and incident flux that is almost completely devoid of planets. Its mass and radius imply that K2-66b has, at most, a meager envelope fraction (< 5%) and perhaps no envelope at all, making it one of the largest planets without a significant envelope. K2-106 hosts an ultra-short-period planet ($P$ = 13.7 hrs) that is one of the hottest sub-Neptune-size planets discovered to date. Its radius (1.82$^{+0.20}_{-0.14} R_\oplus$) and mass (9.0 $\pm$ 1.6 $M_\oplus$) are consistent with a rocky composition, as are all other small ultra-short-period planets with well-measured masses. K2-106 also hosts a larger, longer-period planet (Rp = 2.77$^{+0.37}_{-0.23} R_\oplus$, $P$ = 13.3 days) with a mass less than 24.4 $M_\oplus$ at 99.7% confidence. K2-66b and K2-106b probe planetary physics in extreme radiation environments. Their high densities reflect the challenge of retaining a substantial gas envelope in such extreme environments.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables, Accepted to AJ
Analytical Method Development and Validation of Dapagliflozin in Bulk Drug and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by U-HPLC Method
Creators: name: Chavhan PG
name: Dr. Patil SA
name: Dr. Pawar SP
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description:  

 
description: Abstract

The aim of this study is to develop a rapid, precise and accurate UHPLC method for the estimation of Dapagliflozin in bulk and tablet dosage form as per ICH guidelines. The chromatography was carried on AgilentC18 Column (100mm x 4.6mm; 2.5µm) with mobile phase containing. The methanol: 0.1%OPA (60:40) v/v.The detection wavelength was 231nm &flow rate was 0.85 ml/min.

Keywords: Dapagliflozin, UHPLC, Tablet, validation
The Birman-Hilden theory
Creators: name: Margalit, Dan
name: Winarski, Rebecca R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M20

description: In the 1970s Joan Birman and Hugh Hilden wrote several papers on the problem of relating the mapping class group of a surface to that of a cover. We survey their work, give an overview of the subsequent developments, and discuss open questions and new directions.
description: For the journal Celebratio Mathematica (http://celebratio.org)
Metal complexes of naphthoquinone based ligand: synthesis, characterization, protein binding, DNA binding/cleavage and cytotoxicity studies
Creators: name: A. Kosiha
name: C. Parthiban
name: Ciattini, Samuele
name: Chelazzi, Laura
name: Kuppanagounder P. Elango
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Protein binding, DNA binding/cleavage and in vitro cytotoxicity studies of 2-((3-(dimethylamino)propyl)amino)naphthalene-1,4-dione (L) and its four coordinated M(II) complexes [M(II) = Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II)] have been investigated using various spectral techniques. The structure of the ligand was confirmed by spectral and single crystal XRD studies. The geometry of the complexes has been established using analytical and spectral investigations. These complexes show good binding tendency to bovine serum albumin (BSA) exhibiting high binding constant values (105 M−1) when compared to free ligand. Fluorescence titration studies reveal that these compounds bind strongly with CT-DNA through intercalative mode (Kapp 105 M−1) and follow the order: Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II) > L. Molecular docking study substantiate the strength and mode of binding of these compounds with DNA. All the complexes efficiently cleaved pUC18-DNA via hydroxyl radical mechanism and the Cu(II) complex degraded the DNA completely by converting supercoiled form to linear form. The complexes demonstrate a comparable in vitro cytotoxic activity against two human cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and A-549), which is comparable with that of cisplatin. AO/EB and DAPI staining studies suggest apoptotic mode of cell death, in these cancer cells, with the compounds under investigation.
On the Quantification of Boundary Layer Effects on Flame Temperature Measurements Using Line-of-sight Absorption Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Ma, Liuhao
name: Cheong, Kin-Pang
name: Yang, Min
name: Yuan, Chaokai
name: Ren, Wei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: We studied the boundary layer effects on flame temperature measurements using line-of-sight (LOS) absorption spectroscopy. The primary objective is to quantify the measurement uncertainty of the LOS-determined temperature, which is influenced by the thermal and species boundary layers existing in standard laminar premixed flames. The boundary layer thickness (δ), central flame temperature (Tc) and species concentration (Xc) are the major factors investigated in this work. Typical absorption lines of H2O in the wavelength range of 1.4–2.9 μm were examined under different boundary layer conditions (δ/L = 0–50%, L is the optical path length above the flame; Tc = 1400–2200 K; and Xc = 14–20%). As a result, the thermal boundary layer is observed to contribute mainly to the temperature deviation of the LOS measurement, which increases with δ and Tc. In comparison, the variation of Xc between 14% and 20% has a negligible effect on the temperature measurement in the presence of both thermal and species boundary layers. A systematical investigation of all the selected line pairs reveals that a properly selected line pair reduces the temperature deviation by a maximum of 16.8% under typical laminar flame conditions. The particular line pair centered at 4029.52 cm−1 and 4030.73 cm−1, which could be detected by a single tunable semiconductor laser, is recommended for the LOS temperature measurement over a temperature range of 1400–2200 K. Finally, we performed a case study of five representative temperature measurements in laminar flames and successfully corrected the LOS-determined temperature by taking into account the boundary layer effects.
Respiratory sympathetic coupling in chronic kidney disease
Creators: name: Saha, Manash
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Among the different causes and comorbidities of CKD, hypertension draws special attention as it is often difficult to treat and increases cardiovascular risk in these patients. It has been established that sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) is increased in hypertension and CKD. Recent works suggest that respiratory modulation of SNA [respiratory sympathetic coupling (respSNA); the coordination between breathing and SNA] is a driving factor behind increased SNA in a number of diseased states including hypertension; however, the pattern of respSNA with its role in underlying mechanism in CKD is not yet known. Accordingly, the aims of the thesis were to (i) determine if respSNA is altered in a classical rat model of CKD, the Lewis Polycystic Kidney (LPK) rat and determine if this is associated with hypersensitivity of peripheral chemoreceptors; (ii) identify if the pattern of respSNA along with its association with peripheral chemoreceptors is different between male and female animals with CKD; (iii) examine if respSNA contributes to baroreflex dysfunction in CKD and (iv) to investigate if bilateral carotid sinus (CSN) transection, a method by which to prevent peripheral chemoreceptors input, results in reduction of respSNA and blood pressure in the LPK rat. The main finding was that the male LPK rats had amplified respSNA compared to Lewis control rats since very early age (5 weeks). Notably, peripheral chemoreceptor stimulation revealed more enhanced respSNA in both juvenile and adult LPK rats. The female LPK rats also exhibited amplified respSNA compared to female Lewis rats. Another significant finding was that inhibition of altered respSNA selectively improved the baroreflex response of SNA in LPK rats. Furthermore, transection of CSN decreased blood pressure in the LPK model of CKD, although respSNA was elevated in LPK rats that had undergone CSN transection compared to controls. The results help us to understand the basic linking between SNA and respiration, with the goal of targeting peripheral chemoreceptors and respSNA for novel therapies for hypertension associated with CKD.
Regularizing Feynman path integrals using the generalized Kontsevich-Vishik trace
Creators: name: Hartung, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81T08, 58J40

description: A fully regulated definition of Feynman's path integral is presented here. The proposed re-formulation of the path integral coincides with the familiar formulation whenever the path integral is well-defined. In particular, it is consistent with respect to lattice formulations and Wick rotations, i.e., it can be used in Euclidean and Minkowskian space-time. The path integral regularization is introduced through the generalized Kontsevich-Vishik trace, that is, the extension of the classical trace to Fourier Integral Operators. Physically, we are replacing the time-evolution semi-group by a holomorphic family of operator families such that the corresponding path integrals are well-defined in some half space of $\mathbb{C}$. The regularized path integral is, thus, defined through analytic continuation. This regularization can be performed by means of stationary phase approximation or computed analytically depending only on the Hamiltonian and the observable (i.e., known a priori). In either case, the computational effort to evaluate path integrals or expectations of observables reduces to the evaluation of integrals over spheres. Furthermore, computations can be performed directly in the continuum and applications (analytic computations and their implementations) to a number of models including the non-trivial cases of the massive Schwinger model and a $φ^4$ theory.
description: 19 pages, code is written in Python2.7
Documentation of the transport-sector model within the RECC model framework
Creators: name: Wolfram, Paul
name: Qingshi Tu
name: Hertwich, Edgar
name: Pauliuk, Stefan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Industrial ecology
Material cycles
Climate change mitigation
Material efficiency
Vehicles
Life cycle assessment

description: This documentation describes transport-related modeling of the RECC (resource efficiency and climate change) project and supplements the main documentation (Pauliuk, 2019). While the main model documentation already covers the mathematical formulation of various parameters, here we focus on describing data assumptions, deriving data points, exchange of information with other parts (I/II/III) of the model framework, and names of parameters within the database.
Palacky University Olomouc_ACTION PLAN
Creators: name: Palacký University Olomouc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Action Plan
CoARA
Palacký University
Olomouc
Czech Republic

description: In connection with the signing of the CoARA agreement, we publish the Action Plan of Palacký University in Olomouc (Czech Republic).
Rearranged clerodane diterpenoid from Tinospora crispa
Creators: name: Parveen, Abidah
name: Huang, Ying
name: Fantoukh, Omer
name: Alhusban, Manal
name: Raman, Vijayasankar
name: Wang, Yan-Hong
name: Wang, Wei
name: Ali, Zulfiqar
name: Khan, Ikhlas A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A new rearranged clerodane diterpenoid, tinocrispide was isolated from the stems of Tinospora crispa along with thirteen known compounds including eight clerodane diterpenoids. Among the known compounds baenzigeride A, (6S, 9 R)-vomifoliol and steponine are being reported for the first time from T. crispa. Their structures were elucidated by 1 D and 2 D NMR and confirmed by HRESIMS. The 13C NMR data of borapetol A has been revised.
Palomar Transient Factory and RR Lyrae: Metallicity-Light Curve Relation Based on ab-Type RR Lyrae in Kepler Field
Creators: name: Ngeow, Chow-Choong
name: Yu, Po-Chieh
name: Bellm, Eric
name: Yang, Ting-Chang
name: Chang, Chan-Kao
name: Miller, Adam
name: Laher, Russ
name: Surace, Jason
name: Ip, Wing-Huen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wide-field synoptic sky surveys, known as the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) and the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF), will accumulate a large number of known and new RR Lyrae. These RR Lyrae are good tracers to study the substructure of the Galactic halo if their distance, metallicity, and galactocentric velocity can be measured. Candidates of halo RR Lyrae can be identified from their distance and metallicity before requesting spectroscopic observations for confirmation. This is because both quantities can be obtained via their photometric light curves, because the absolute V-band magnitude for RR Lyrae is correlated with metallicity, and the metallicity can be estimated using a metallicity-light curve relation. To fully utilize the PTF and iPTF light-curve data in related future work, it is necessary to derive the metallicity-light curve relation in the native PTF/iPTF R-band photometric system. In this work, we derived such a relation using the known ab-type RR Lyrae located in the Kepler field, and it is found to be $[Fe/H]_{PTF} = -4.089 - 7.346 P + 1.280 ϕ_{31}$ (where $P$ is pulsational period and $ϕ_{31}$ is one of the Fourier parameters describing the shape of the light curve), with a dispersion of 0.118 dex. We tested our metallicity-light curve relation with new spectroscopic observations of a few RR Lyrae in the Kepler field, as well as several data sets available in the literature. Our tests demonstrated that the derived metallicity-light curve relation could be used to estimate metallicities for the majority of the RR Lyrae, which are in agreement with the published values.
description: ApJS in-press, 19 pages, 4 tables and 19 figures
Agri-environment scheme enhances breeding populations of some priority farmland birds in Northern Ireland
Creators: name: Kendrew Colhoun
name: Mawhinney, Kevin
name: McLaughlin, Michael
name: Barnett, Claire
name: McDevitt, Anne-Marie
name: Bradbury, Richard B.
name: Peach, Will
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Capsule: The abundance of Tree sparrow Passer montanus, House Sparrow Passer domesticus and Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella, three priority farmland birds, increased over a 5-year period in response to a targeted agri-environment scheme (AES). Aims: To assess the effects of a targeted AES on the abundance of a suite of farmland bird species over a 5-year period. Methods: We compare temporal changes in abundance of 12 farmland bird species of conservation concern on 33 AES and 22 control farms in County Down, Northern Ireland. Five of these species were designated targets for conservation action under the Countryside Management Scheme (CMS). Results: CMS management was associated with more positive changes in abundance for three of the five target species and more negative changes for one target species (albeit caused mainly by a large reduction at a single farm). CMS management had little influence on the abundance of non-target species or on avian species richness. Farm-scale changes in abundance were generally unrelated to the extent of local CMS provision, the only exception involved House Sparrow and seed-rich winter habitats. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that generic AES land management can improve the population status of target farmland birds on farms with AES management.
Signal reconstruction via operator guiding
Creators: name: Knyazev, Andrew
name: Malyshev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: I.4.3; G.1.3
subject: 65F30

description: Signal reconstruction from a sample using an orthogonal projector onto a guiding subspace is theoretically well justified, but may be difficult to practically implement. We propose more general guiding operators, which increase signal components in the guiding subspace relative to those in a complementary subspace, e.g., iterative low-pass edge-preserving filters for super-resolution of images. Two examples of super-resolution illustrate our technology: a no-flash RGB photo guided using a high resolution flash RGB photo, and a depth image guided using a high resolution RGB photo.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures. To appear in Proceedings of SampTA 2017: Sampling Theory and Applications, 12th International Conference, July 3-7, 2017, Tallinn, Estonia
Real-time event detection from the Twitter datastream
Creators: name: Hasan, Mahmud
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Detecting events in real-time from the Twitter data stream has gained substantial attention in recent years from researchers around the world. We have performed a survey on different event detection systems and identified that one of the major challenges faced, while designing these systems, is the high volume of tweets in the Twitter stream which can incur a computationally prohibitive cost to detect events in real-time. As a solution to the problem, we have designed an end-to-end event detection framework, TwitterNews+, which incorporates a novel variant of an incremental clustering approach to provide alow computational cost and a scalable solution to detect newsworthy events in real-time from the Twitter data stream. We have conducted a parameter sensitivity analysis to fine-tune the parameters used in TwitterNews+ in order to improve its performance in detecting newsworthy events. We then performed an experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of TwitterNews+ against five state-of-the-art baselines that cover a wide range of event detection techniques. Theresults of the evaluation, performed on a publicly available tweet corpus, show that TwitterNews+ outperforms the baselines by achieving the highest recall and precision in detecting newsworthy events. Our experiments revealed that the number-of-tweets/second processing capability of TwitterNews+ is sufficiently high and thus, allows our system to achieve real-time event detection capability and scalability. Finally, we have incorporated a novel component in TwitterNews+, which can provide a set of context tweets for an event by extracting relevant additional information using theTwitter Search API. A probabilistic-feedback-based approach has been taken to maximize the relevancy of the context tweets associated with an event. The modular nature of the context providing component in TwitterNews+ allows it to be used by any event detection system to supplement the limited information often contained in an event.
The enzyme activity of sortase A is regulated by phosphorylation in Staphylococcus aureus
Creators: name: Chen, Feifei
name: Di, Hongxia
name: Wang, Yanhui
name: Peng, Chao
name: Chen, Rongrong
name: Pan, Huiwen
name: Yang, Cai-Guang
name: Liang, Haihua
name: Lan, Lefu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In many Gram-positive bacteria, the transpeptidase enzyme sortase A (SrtA) anchors surface proteins to cell wall and plays a critical role in the bacterial pathogenesis. Here, we show that in Staphylococcus aureus, an important human pathogen, the SrtA is phosphorylated by serine/threonine protein kinase Stk1. S. aureus SrtA can also be phosphorylated by small-molecule phosphodonor acetyl phosphate (AcP) in vitro. We determined that various amino acid residues of S. aureus SrtA are subject to phosphorylation, primarily on its catalytic site residue cysteine-184 in the context of a bacterial cell lysate. Both Stk1 and AcP-mediated phosphorylation inhibited the enzyme activity of SrtA in vitro. Consequently, deletion of gene (i.e. stp1) encoding serine/threonine phosphatase Stp1, the corresponding phosphatase of Stk1, caused an increase in the phosphorylation level of SrtA. The stp1 deletion mutant mimicked the phenotypic traits of srtA deletion mutant (i.e. attenuated growth where either haemoglobin or haem as a sole iron source and reduced liver infections in a mouse model of systemic infection). Importantly, the phenotypic defects of the stp1 deletion mutant can be alleviated by overexpressing srtA. Taken together, our finding suggests that phosphorylation plays an important role in modulating the activity of SrtA in S. aureus.
Helium Ionization in the Diffuse Ionized Gas surrounding UCHII regions
Creators: name: Roshi, D. Anish
name: Churchwell, E.
name: Anderson, L. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the singly ionized helium to hydrogen ratio ($n_{He^+}/n_{H^+}$) toward diffuse gas surrounding three Ultra-Compact HII (UCHII ) regions: G10.15-0.34, G23.46-0.20 \& G29.96-0.02. We observe radio recombination lines (RRLs) of hydrogen and helium near 5 GHz using the GBT to measure the $n_{He^+}/n_{H^+}$ ratio. The measurements are motivated by the low helium ionization observed in the warm ionized medium (WIM) and in the inner Galaxy diffuse ionized regions (DIR). Our data indicate that the helium is not uniformly ionized in the three observed sources. Helium lines are not detected toward a few observed positions in sources G10.15-0.34 \& G23.46-0.20 and the upper limits of the $n_{He^+}/n_{H^+}$ ratio obtained are 0.03 and 0.05 respectively. The selected sources harbor stars of type O6 or hotter as indicated by helium line detection toward the bright radio continuum emission from the sources with mean $n_{He^+}/n_{H^+}$ value 0.06$\pm$0.02. Our data thus show that helium in diffuse gas located a few pc away from the young massive stars embedded in the observed regions is not fully ionized.We investigate the origin of the non-uniform helium ionization and rule out the possibilities : (a) that the helium is doubly ionized in the observed regions and (b) that the low $n_{He^+}/n_{H^+}$ values are due to additional hydrogen ionizing radiation produced by accreting low-mass stars (Smith 2014). We find that selective absorption of ionizing photons by dust can result in low helium ionization but needs further investigation to develop a self-consistent model for dust in HII regions.
description: 43 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables accepted to ApJ
Are we Turkish or are we German?: Exploring the identity crisis of Turkish Gastarbeiters in Turkish-German Film
Creators: name: Bell, Victoria
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis expands on the current political climate in Europe and the issue of immigration, by exploring the past experiences of immigrants in Germany through the lens of German - Turkish film. Through the labour recruitment program in the post - war period, Germany saw an influx of workers, especially those from Turkey, and the issue of immigration was brought in to the forefront of political and social debate. The Turkish guest workers faced many problems in regards to their integration, based on Germany's lack of openness to immigration, the workers' attachment to their home country, and the difference of cultures. Facing discrimination in various areas, the Turkish guest workers began to document their migration experiences through literature, creating a new Turkish - German genre. This thesis discusses how two examples of Turkish - German films - Almanya: Willkommen in Deutschland and Einmal Hans mit scharfer Soße - reflect Homi K Bhabha's postcolonial concept of cultural hybridity. Through the clashes of the Turkish and German cultures, a third space has opened up and due to the intercultural interaction, a new hybrid culture has been created.
Enhanced effect of CP-violating nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment in HfF$^+$ molecule
Creators: name: Skripnikov, L. V.
name: Titov, A. V.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HfF$^+$ cation is a very promising system to search for the electron electric dipole moment (EDM), and corresponding experiment is carried out by E. Cornell group. Here we theoretically investigate the cation to search for another T,P-odd effect -- the nuclear magnetic quadrpole moment (MQM) interaction with electrons. We report the first accurate ab initio relativistic electronic structure calculations of the molecular parameter $W_M$=0.494 $\frac{10^{33}\mathrm{Hz}}{e~{\rm cm}^2}$ that is required to interpret the experimental data in terms of the MQM of Hf nucleus. For this we have implemented and applied the combined Dirac-Coulomb(-Gaunt) and relativistic effective core potential approaches to treat electron correlation effects from all of the electrons and to take into account high-order correlation effects using the coupled cluster method with single, double, triple and noniterative quadruple cluster amplitudes, CCSDT(Q). We discuss interpretation of the MQM effect in terms of the strength constants of T,P-odd nuclear forces, proton and neutron EDM, QCD parameter $θ$ and quark chromo-EDM.
The role of sequence organization in the enhancement of working memory in children and throughout later stages of the human lifespan
Creators: name: A. Albatli, Alanoud
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2024

description: This thesis examined the impacts of path characteristics and structural sequences on working memory (WM) performance using spatial and verbal tasks involving different stages of memory. In Experiments 1-3, participants performed better on structured verbal tasks than on unstructured ones. Young and older adults had larger pupil sizes for unstructured sequences during the rehearsal, whereas children had larger pupil sizes during rehearsal than encoding. Young and older adults performed better than children on the structured sequences during the verbal task. Also, children had higher average pupil sizes on the structured sequences than young adults (for the spatial task during encoding) and older adults (for the verbal task during rehearsal). In Experiment 4, young adults had higher recalling scores on short than on long sequences and the absence of crossing than the presence of crossing when structured sequences are considered. Additionally, participants recalled more correct items in the absence of crossing than in the presence of crossing when unstructured sequences were considered. In Experiment 5, children recalled better for structured, long and sequences without crossings, with older children recalling better for sequences without crossings than younger children. In Experiment 6, older adults recalled better for structured, short, and sequences without crossing, with middle-aged adults recalled better in the absence of crossings than older adults. Additional analysis revealed that older adults benefited more from structured, long, and sequences with no crossing than children while both adult groups benefitted more from unstructured, short, and the presence of crossing sequences in comparison to children. These results suggest that when encoding sequence structure lacks effective strategies, rehearsing requires more mental effort reflected by increased pupil size, particularly during the rehearsal of unstructured sequences. Recall performance relates to sequence complexity. There are changes in spatial performance across different age groups that were not observed previously.
Genomic characterization, transcriptome analysis and pathogenicity of the Nipah virus (Indian isolate)
Creators: name: Mohandas, Sreelekshmy
name: Shete, Anita
name: Sarkale, Prasad
name: Kumar, Abhinendra
name: Mote, Chandrasekhar
name: Yadav, Pragya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Nipah virus (NiV) is a high-risk pathogen which can cause fatal infection in humans. The Indian isolate from the 2018 outbreak in the Kerala state of India showed ~ 4% nucleotide and amino acid difference in comparison to the Bangladesh strains of NiV and the substitutions observed were mostly not present in the region of any functional significance except for the phosphoprotein gene. The differential expression of viral genes was observed following infection in Vero (ATCC® CCL-81™) and BHK-21 cells. Intraperitoneal infection in the 10–12-week-old, Syrian hamster model induced dose dependant multisystemic disease characterized by prominent vascular lesions in lungs, brain, kidney and extra vascular lesions in brain and lungs. Congestion, haemorrhages, inflammatory cell infiltration, thrombosis and rarely endothelial syncitial cell formation were seen in the blood vessels. Intranasal infection resulted in respiratory tract infection characterised by pneumonia. The model showed disease characteristics resembling the human NiV infection except that of myocarditis similar to that reported by NiV-Malaysia and NiV-Bangladesh isolates in hamster model. The variation observed in the genome of the Indian isolate at the amino acid levels should be explored further for any functional significance.
Effect of density on quantum Hall stripe orientation in tilted magnetic fields
Creators: name: Shi, Q.
name: Zudov, M. A.
name: Qian, Q.
name: Watson, J. D.
name: Manfra, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate quantum Hall stripes under in-plane magnetic field $B_\parallel$ in a variable-density two-dimensional electron gas. At filling factor $ν= 9/2$, we observe one, two, and zero $B_\parallel$-induced reorientations at low, intermediate, and high densities, respectively. The appearance of these distinct regimes is due to a strong density dependence of the $B_\parallel$-induced orienting mechanism which triggers the second reorientation, rendering stripes \emph{parallel} to $B_\parallel$. In contrast, the mechanism which reorients stripes perpendicular to $B_\parallel$ showed no noticeable dependence on density. Measurements at $ν= 9/2$ and $11/2$ at the same, tilted magnetic field, allows us to rule out density dependence of the native symmetry-breaking field as a dominant factor. Our findings further suggest that screening might play an important role in determining stripe orientation, providing guidance in developing theories aimed at identifying and describing native and $B_\parallel$-induced symmetry-breaking fields.
The development of the Sensus Divinitatis and its application to the propagation of the Christian gospel: case studies of the divine sense in Western Christian history
Creators: name: Gibson, James Edward
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The history of Christian thought has presented several varied concepts of how the Divine and human minds are related. The chapters of this thesis are six successive case studies of this ―divine sense‖ in western Christian thought. Research interest began about John Calvin‘s particular version: the sensus divinitatis (the sense of the divine). Initial efforts were to exposit its meaning and then discover from where the idea developed. Calvin sought to reproduce a biblical outlook. So the trail was expected to trace back to biblical starting points. Strangely, just immediately after the forming of the New Testament, Calvin‘s exact concept is missing. There is in early Christian centuries not an absence of any ―divine sense‖ – just that of Calvin‘s particular version. Research direction adjusted to take stock of the varied concepts represented across Christian history and via six case studies set out the development of the "divine sense". The hope was to explain the development from a "divine sense" to a "sense of the divine". Each case study was seen in the intersection of their particular ideas with the philosophical winds of the times. The start is in Plato‘s ideas and their varied impact on the early Church fathers. Thomas Aquinas follows. Aquinas switched the major philosophical underpinning to Aristotle. The third is Calvin, the fourth Jonathan Edwards, and the fifth Cardinal John Henry Newman. Edwards and Newman‘s writings were against a backdrop of developing Modernity. The last is the Reformed Epistemologist, Alvin Plantinga, who utilized Aquinas and Calvin‘s idea of the sensus divinitatis in an apologetic to show that, due to the divine sense, belief in God can be responsibly and rationally held in the absence of outward evidence. The historical thesis is that development can be seen if one "graphs a line" through these six sets of ideas. There is something to conclude about the persistence of the idea through history in terms of human awareness about God. Belief in God is not only due to gospel presentation, but also to the innate sense of the divine. The gospel being presented has as an ally within the people on the receiving end.
Apparent temperature-induced reorientation of quantum Hall stripes
Creators: name: Shi, Q.
name: Zudov, M. A.
name: Friess, B.
name: Smet, J.
name: Watson, J. D.
name: Gardner, G. C.
name: Manfra, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our magnetotransport measurements of quantum Hall stripes in a high-quality GaAs quantum well in a slightly tilted magnetic field reveal that the orientation of stripes can be changed by temperature. Field-cooling and field-warming measurements, as well as observation of hysteresis at intermediate temperatures allow us to conclude that the observed temperature-induced reorientation of stripes is owing to the existence of two distinct minima in the symmetry-breaking potential. We also find that the native symmetry-breaking mechanism does not depend on temperature and that low-temperature magnetotransport data should be treated with caution as they do not necessarily reveal the true ground state, even in the absence of hysteresis.
The enzyme activity of sortase A is regulated by phosphorylation in Staphylococcus aureus
Creators: name: Chen, Feifei
name: Di, Hongxia
name: Wang, Yanhui
name: Peng, Chao
name: Chen, Rongrong
name: Pan, Huiwen
name: Yang, Cai-guang
name: Liang, Haihua
name: Lan, Lefu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In many Gram-positive bacteria, the transpeptidase enzyme sortase A (SrtA) anchors surface proteins to cell wall and plays a critical role in the bacterial pathogenesis. Here, we show that in Staphylococcus aureus, an important human pathogen, the SrtA is phosphorylated by serine/threonine protein kinase Stk1. S. aureus SrtA can also be phosphorylated by small-molecule phosphodonor acetyl phosphate (AcP) in vitro. We determined that various amino acid residues of S. aureus SrtA are subject to phosphorylation, primarily on its catalytic site residue cysteine-184 in the context of a bacterial cell lysate. Both Stk1 and AcP-mediated phosphorylation inhibited the enzyme activity of SrtA in vitro. Consequently, deletion of gene (i.e. stp1) encoding serine/threonine phosphatase Stp1, the corresponding phosphatase of Stk1, caused an increase in the phosphorylation level of SrtA. The stp1 deletion mutant mimicked the phenotypic traits of srtA deletion mutant (i.e. attenuated growth where either hemoglobin or heme as a sole iron source and reduced liver infections in a mouse model of systemic infection). Importantly, the phenotypic defects of the stp1 deletion mutant can be alleviated by overexpressing srtA. Taken together, our finding suggests that phosphorylation plays an important role in modulating the activity of SrtA in S. aureus.
The effects of aging on hepatic microsomal scaling factor and hepatocellularity number in the horse
Creators: name: Shibany, Khaled A.
name: Tötemeyer, Sabine
name: Pratt, Stefanie L.
name: Paine, Stuart W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: 1. Scaling factor values for the in vitro-in vivo extrapolation of hepatic metabolic clearance for xenobiotics have not yet been determined in horses. Scaling factors were determined by comparing the total protein and or cytochrome (CYP) P450 content in microsomes and cryopreserved hepatocytes against the content in the liver. 2. Microsomal protein per gram of liver (MPPGL) and hepatocellularity number per gram of liver (HPGL) using CYP P450 content method ranged 41–73 mg/gram of liver (mean= 57 mg/gram of liver, n = 39) and 146–320 × 106 cells/g of liver (mean = 227× 106 cells/g of liver, n = 18), respectively and 156–352 × 106 cells/g of liver (mean = 232× 106 cells/g of liver) using total protein method. 3. A non-monotonic and inverse relationship between age and MPPGL and HPGL, respectively, was observed. Between one and 20 y of age, the liver cell size decreases as age increases. Subsequently, the cell size increases until the hepatocytes of the oldest horses approached the size found in the youngest horses. Hepatocyte density was inversely related to the size of the hepatocytes. 4. This study provides the first extensive and comprehensive data demonstrating the relationship between the size of hepatocytes and HPGL in any species.
Discovery of antimicrobial compounds targeting bacterial type FAD synthetases
Creators: name: Sebastián, María
name: Anoz-Carbonell, Ernesto
name: Gracia, Begoña
name: Cossio, Pilar
name: Aínsa, José Antonio
name: Lans, Isaías
name: Medina, Milagros
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The increase of bacterial strains resistant to most of the available antibiotics shows a need to explore novel antibacterial targets to discover antimicrobial drugs. Bifunctional bacterial FAD synthetases (FADSs) synthesise the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). These cofactors act in vital processes as part of flavoproteins, making FADS an essential enzyme. Bacterial FADSs are potential antibacterial targets because of differences to mammalian enzymes, particularly at the FAD producing site. We have optimised an activity-based high throughput screening assay targeting Corynebacterium ammoniagenes FADS (CaFADS) that identifies inhibitors of its different activities. We selected the three best high-performing inhibitors of the FMN:adenylyltransferase activity (FMNAT) and studied their inhibition mechanisms and binding properties. The specificity of the CaFADS hits was evaluated by studying also their effect on the Streptococcus pneumoniae FADS activities, envisaging differences that can be used to discover species-specific antibacterial drugs. The antimicrobial effect of these compounds was also evaluated on C. ammoniagenes, S. pneumoniae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis cultures, finding hits with favourable antimicrobial properties.