“suMus,” a novel digital system for arm movement metrics and muscle energy expenditure
Creators: name: Gerhalter, Teresa
name: Müller, Christina
name: Maron, Elke
name: Thielen, Markus
name: Schätzl, Teresa
name: Mähler, Anja
name: Schütte, Till
name: Boschmann, Michael
name: Herzer, René
name: Spuler, Simone
name: Gazzerro, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: accelerometers
subject: energy expenditure
subject: neuromuscular diseases
subject: inertial sensors
subject: muscular dystrophies
subject: outcome measures
subject: smartwatch
subject: apple watch
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objective: In the field of non-treatable muscular dystrophies, promising new gene and cell therapies are being developed and are entering clinical trials. Objective assessment of therapeutic effects on motor function is mandatory for economical and ethical reasons. Main shortcomings of existing measurements are discontinuous data collection in artificial settings as well as a major focus on walking, neglecting the importance of hand and arm movements for patients' independence. We aimed to create a digital tool to measure muscle function with an emphasis on upper limb motility. Methods: suMus provides a custom-made App running on smartwatches. Movement data are sent to the backend of a suMus web-based platform, from which they can be extracted as CSV data. Fifty patients with neuromuscular diseases assessed the pool of suMus activities in a first orientation phase. suMus performance was hence validated in four upper extremity exercises based on the feedback of the orientation phase. We monitored the arm metrics in a cohort of healthy volunteers using the suMus application, while completing each exercise at low frequency in a metabolic chamber. Collected movement data encompassed average acceleration, rotation rate as well as activity counts. Spearman rank tests correlated movement data with energy expenditure from the metabolic chamber. Results: Our novel application "suMus, " sum of muscle activity, collects muscle movement data plus Patient-Related-Outcome-Measures, sends real-time feedback to patients and caregivers and provides, while ensuring data protection, a long-term follow-up of disease course. The application was well received from the patients during the orientation phase. In our pilot study, energy expenditure did not differ between overnight fasted and non-fasted participants. Acceleration ranged from 1.7 &amp; PLUSMN; 0.7 to 3.2 +/- 0.5 m/sec(2) with rotation rates between 0.9 &amp; PLUSMN; 0.5 and 2.0 &amp; PLUSMN; 3.4 rad/sec. Acceleration and rotation rate as well as derived activity counts correlated with energy expenditure values measured in the metabolic chamber for one exercise (r = 0.58, p &lt; 0.03).Conclusion: In the analysis of slow frequency movements of upper extremities, the integration of the suMus application with smartwatch sensors characterized motion parameters, thus supporting a use in clinical trial outcome measures. Alternative methodologies need to complement indirect calorimetry in validating accelerometer-derived energy expenditure data.