cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Molecular approaches reveal weak sibship aggregation and a high dispersal propensity in a non-native fish parasite
Creators: name: Prunier, Jérôme
name: Saint-Pé, Keoni
name: Blanchet, Simon
name: Loot, Géraldine
name: Rey, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Inferring parameters related to the aggregation pattern of parasites and to their dispersal propensity is important for predicting their ecological consequences and evolutionary potential. Nonetheless, it is notoriously difficult to infer these parameters from wildlife parasites given the difficulty in tracking these organisms. Molecular-based inferences constitute a promising approach that has yet rarely been applied in the wild.Here, we combinedseveral population genetic analyses including sibship reconstruction to documentthe genetic structure, patterns of sibship aggregation and the dispersal dynamics of a non-native parasite of fish, the freshwater copepod ectoparasiteTracheliastespolycolpus. We collected parasites according to a hierarchical sampling design,withthe sampling of all parasites from all host individualscapturedineight sites spread along an upstream-downstream river gradient. Individual multilocus genotypes were obtained from 14 microsatellite markers, and used to assign parasites to full-sib families and to investigate the genetic structure of T.polycolpus among both hosts and sampling sites. The distribution of full-sibs obtainedamong the sampling sites was used to estimate individual dispersal distances within families. Our results showed that T. polycolpus sibs tend to be aggregated within sites but not withinhost individuals. We detected important upstream-to-downstream dispersal events of T.polycolpusbetween sites (modal distance: 25.4 km; 95% CI [22.9, 27.7]), becoming scarcer as the geographic distance from their family core location increases. Such a dispersal pattern likely contributes to the strong isolation-by-distance observed at the river scale. We also detected some downstream-to-upstream dispersal events (modal distance: 2.6 km; 95% CI [2.2-23.3]) that likely result from movementsof infected hosts.Within each site, the dispersal of free-living infective larvae among hosts likely contributes to increasing genetic diversity on hosts, possibly fostering the evolutionary potential of T. polycolpus.
Seasonal patterns of methylmercury production, release, and degradation in profundal sediment of a hypereutrophic reservoir
Creators: name: Fuhrmann, Byran
name: Beutel, Marc
name: Ganguli, Priya
name: Zhao, Liying
name: Brower, Sarah
name: Funk, Andrew
name: Pasek, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Fuhrmann B, Beutel M, Ganguli P, Zhao L, Brower S, Funk A, Pasek J. 2021. Seasonal patterns of methylmercury production, release, and degradation in profundal sediment of a hypereutrophic reservoir. Lake Reserv Manage. 37:360–377. Profundal lake sediment is an important site of toxic methylmercury (MeHg) production by anaerobic bacteria. This study tracked sediment MeHg cycling in hypereutrophic Hodges Reservoir, in the United States. Sediment-associated MeHg was most elevated in the early spring during moderately reduced conditions. In the late spring, MeHg and iron were released into hypolimnetic water during the progression from iron-reducing to sulfate-reducing conditions at the sediment–water interface. A decrease in porewater sulfate in the early summer indicated enhanced sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) activity and was associated with sediment buildup of MeHg, likely due to enhanced sorption to iron sulfides. Depletion of sulfate in the sediment during the fall corresponded with a substantial decrease in both sediment and water-column MeHg, suggesting that methanogenic conditions led to enhanced MeHg degradation. Shortly afterward, MeHg increased in the hypolimnion, indicating an upward shift in the zone of SRB methylation. Our study suggests 2 “hot moments” of MeHg entry into the water column, where it is susceptible to uptake into the pelagic food web: a spring window of mildly reduced conditions that promote MeHg release from sediment, and a fall window where MeHg is produced in the upper hypolimnion. These hot moments may potentially be managed to lower mercury bioaccumulation via redox enhancement of the profundal zone with approaches such as bottom water oxygenation, which began operation in Hodges Reservoir in 2020. However, the complexity of biogeochemical responses to such management perturbations in regard to MeHg cycling makes it difficult to predict the ultimate effect of oxygenation on mercury bioaccumulation. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10402381.2021.1940397 .
The effect of electrode size on electrodermal measurement
Creators: name: Mahon, Mary L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The effect of the size of electrode contact area on skin conductance (SC) measures has not been clearly resolved. On the basis of the anatomical structure and current electrodermal models of the skin, it is expected that the relationship between SC and the size of electrode contact area will be linear such that increases in contact area will produce corresponding increases in SC. This hypothesis was not supported in the most recent study investigating this relationship (Mitchell & Venables, 1981). However, methodological problems existed with this study which may have contributed to these counterintuitive results. The present study reexamined this relationship while exerting careful experimental control. Forty-eight, right-handed male subjects were randomly assigned to six groups of eight subjects each. Six pairs of electrodes with different size contact areas were placed on six locations on the hands. A' 6 (group) X 6 (size of electrode) latin square design was used, with location of electrode placement as the latinized variable. Each group had the electrodes placed on one of six possible location-size combinations. The latinized variable, location of electrode placement, was further broken down in a 2 (hand) X 3 (area on hand) factorial arrangement. Dependent measures were tonic SC level, and the phasic SC amplitude, latency, rise time, and recovery half-time of responses elicited by a series of loud tones, half-time. Differences in tonic and phasic reactivity at the different electrode placement locations were also examined. The results indicated a significant linear relationship between size of electrode and both tonic and phasic activity. Latency measures were not affected by electrode size; however, rise time and recovery half-time were. No differences in reactivity were found between the right and left hands. Differences were found, however, among the three locations on the hands for both tonic and phasic activity. The observed linear relationship between electrode size and SC supports current popular models of electrodermal activity and has implications for the comparison of results from studies in which different electrode sizes are used.
Media , Family Farming a nd S ustainable Development in Mozambique
Creators: name: Moses Nangulu
name: Orlando Nipassa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: ABSTRACTThis article examines how the media representation of family farming hardly inspires people to venture into it, but rather subtly glorifies urban lifestyles, thus reinforcing rural-urban migration. This unsustainable population growth in cities worsens rural and urban poverty levels, inequalities become more pronounced and the proliferation of informal settlements without accessible drinking water and deplorable sanitation invariably destroys the environment, threatening the sustainability of communities and their resources: sustainable development. Although family farming is the panacea for the triple global challenge of food insecurity, poverty and inequality, and for the sustainability of communities and their resources, the media representation expressed in words, concepts, images and advertisements barely portrays family farming in a positive way, even when they constitute the main source of income and employment for the majority of the population. In methodological terms, in addition to reviewing published works on media, family farming and sustainable development, this study carried out content analysis of print media messages to quantify, analyze and determine the presence of words, concepts, images and advertisements in their representation of family farming with regard to sustainable development. Purposive sampling was used for face-to-face interviews with key informants, especially reporters/journalists, to provide insight into why print media messages portraying family farming receive less coverage, while urban lifestyles receive more, which influences the people's perception of family farming versus urban lifestyles. The results showed that the print media not only underrepresents, but also misrepresents family farming to the detriment of sustainable development. Furthermore, media ownership patterns also influence their editorial policy, which has a negative impact on the media representation of family farming for sustainable development in rural and urban areas, as well as nationally and globally.Keywords: print media; family farming; rural-urban migration; sustainable development
Stallbaulösungen für den Einsatz automatischer Melksysteme
Creators: name: Schön, Hans
name: Rittel, Leonhard
name: WendI, Georg
name: Karrer, Michael
name: Pirkelmann, Heinrich
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1998

description: Automatische Melksysteme (AMS) sind ein neuer Ansatz zur Entwicklung wettbewerbsfähiger, sozial verträglicher und tiergerechterer Haltungssysteme in der Milchviehhaltung. Der Erfolg automatischer Melksysteme wird wesentlich durch das mehrmalige selbstständige Aufsuchen des automatischen Melksystems durch die Kühe während des gesamten Tages bestimmt [1]. Dies setzt voraus, dass die Kühe ihren eigenen Tagesrhythmus entwickeln und bauliche Voraussetzungen für einen ruhigen und gleichmäßigen Kuhverkehr geschaffen werden [2]. Ausgehend von einjährigen Feldbeobachtungen werden Planungsgrundsätze und Planungsbeispiele für Milchviehställe mit AMS abgeleitet.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 53 Nr. 4 (1998)
QCD Approach to B->D πDecays and CP Violation
Creators: name: Su, Fang
name: Wu, Yue-Liang
name: Yang, Ya-Dong
name: Zhuang, Ci
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The branching ratios and CP violations of the $B\to Dπ$ decays, including both the color-allowed and the color-suppressed modes, are investigated in detail within QCD framework by considering all diagrams which lead to three effective currents of two quarks. An intrinsic mass scale as a dynamical gluon mass is introduced to treat the infrared divergence caused by the soft collinear approximation in the endpoint regions, and the Cutkosky rule is adopted to deal with a physical-region singularity of the on mass-shell quark propagators. When the dynamical gluon mass $μ_g$ is regarded as a universal scale, it is extracted to be around $μ_g = 440$ MeV from one of the well-measured $B\to Dπ$ decay modes. The resulting predictions for all branching ratios are in agreement with the current experimental measurements. As these decays have no penguin contributions, there are no direct $CP$ asymmetries. Due to interference between the Cabibbo-suppressed and the Cabibbo-favored amplitudes, mixing-induced CP violations are predicted in the $B\to D^{\pm}π^{\mp}$ decays to be consistent with the experimental data at 1-$σ$ level. More precise measurements will be helpful to extract weak angle $2β+γ$.
description: 21pages,5 figures,3 tables, typos corrected and numerical result for one of decay channels is improved
Colantonio Stigliola, "mathematico", "theologo" e "incingiero"
Creators: name: Ricci, Saverio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Nicola Antonio Stigliola

description: Colantonio Stigliola, “mathematico”, “theologo” e “incingiero”, in Leonardo e il Rinascimento nei codici napoletani, a cura di A. Buccaro e M. Rascaglia, Poggio a Caiano, CB Edizioni, 2020, pp. 283-291, ISBN 978-88-99930-05-9. Contributo a volume.
Phase-Field Modelling of Transformation Pathways and Microstructural Evolution in Multi-Principal Element Alloys
Creators: name: Kadirvel, Kamalnath
name: Kloenne, Zachary
name: Jensen, Jacob K
name: Fraser, Hamish
name: Wang, Yunzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently developed refractory multi-principle element alloy (MPEA), AlMo$_{0.5}$NbTa$_{0.5}$TiZr, shows an interesting microstructure with cuboidal precipitates of a disordered phase ($β$, bcc) coherently embedded in an ordered phase ($β'$, B2) matrix, unlike the conventional Ni-based superalloys where the ordered phase ($γ'$, L12) is the precipitate phase and the disordered phase ($γ$, fcc) is the matrix phase. It becomes critical to understand the phase transformation pathway (PTP) leading to this microstructure in order to tailor the microstructure for specific engineering applications. In this study, we first propose a possible PTP leading to the microstructure and employ the phase-field method to simulate microstructural evolution along the PTP. We then explore possible PTPs and materials parameters that lead to an inverted microstructure with the ordered phase being the precipitate phase and the disordered phase being the matrix phase, a microstructure similar to those observed in Ni-based superalloys. We find that in order to maintain the precipitates as highly discrete particles along these PTPs, the volume fraction of the precipitate phase needs to be smaller than that of the matrix phase and the elastic stiffness of the precipitate phase should be higher than that of the matrix phase.
description: Preprint submitted to Applied Physics Letters (14 pages, 6 figures)
Consistency Relations for Non-Gaussianity
Creators: name: Li, Miao
name: Wang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate consistency relations for non-Gaussianity. We provide a model-independent dynamical proof for the consistency relation of 3-point correlation functions from the Hamiltonian and field redefinition. This relation can be applied to single field inflation, multi-field inflation and the curvaton scenario. This relation can also be generalized to $n$-point correlation functions up to arbitrary order in perturbation theory and with arbitrary number of loops.
description: 18 pages. v2 and v3: references added
Diffusive spin transport
Creators: name: Mueller, Cord A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Information to be stored and transported requires physical carriers. The quantum bit of information (qubit) can for instance be realised as the spin 1/2 degree of freedom of a massive particle like an electron or as the spin 1 polarisation of a massless photon. In this lecture, I first use irreducible representations of the rotation group to characterise the spin dynamics in a least redundant manner. Specifically, I describe the decoherence dynamics of an arbitrary spin S coupled to a randomly fluctuating magnetic field in the Liouville space formalism. Secondly, I discuss the diffusive dynamics of the particle's position in space due to the presence of randomly placed impurities. Combining these two dynamics yields a coherent, unified picture of diffusive spin transport, as applicable to mesoscopic electronic devices or photons propagating in cold atomic clouds.
description: Lecture notes, published in A. Buchleitner, C. Viviescas, and M. Tiersch (Eds.), "Entanglement and Decoherence. Foundations and Modern Trends", Lecture Notes in Physics 768, Springer, Berlin (2009)
Verlängerung der Ölwechselintervalle für Hydrauliköle
Creators: name: Römer, Axel
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1998

description: Die Standzeiten von Hydraulikölen werden durch eine Vielzahl von Parametern bestimmt. Der Maschinentyp, das Hydrauliksystem, die Einsatzbedingungen sowie die Umgebungseinflüsse und schließlich die verwendete Ölsorte sind bei der Festlegung der Ölwechselintervalle zu berücksichtigen. Eine schlechte Ölqualität, verursacht durch gealterte Öle, kann zu erheblichen Schäden an den Hydraulikkomponenten führen. Sind die Zeiträume zwischen zwei Ölwechseln zu kurz, steigen die Wartungskosten und der Rohstoffverbrauch. Welche Möglichkeiten zur Verlängerung von Ölwechselintervallen im mobilen Anwendungsbereich bieten sich an? Beschrieben wird ein Sensor zur Überwachung des Ölzustandes beim Einsatz von Ölen auf pflanzlicher Basis.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 53 Nr. 4 (1998)
Hydrology of annual winter water level drawdown regimes in recreational lakes of Massachusetts, United States
Creators: name: Carmignani, Jason R.
name: Roy, Allison H.
name: Stolarski, Jason T.
name: Richards, Todd
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Carmignani JR, Roy AH, Stolarski JT, Richards T. 2021. Hydrology of annual winter water level drawdown regimes in recreational lakes of Massachusetts, United States. Lake Reserv Manage. 37:339–359. Annual winter water level drawdown (WD) is a common lake management strategy to maintain recreational value by controlling nuisance macrophytes and preventing ice damage to shoreline infrastructure in lakes of the northeastern United States. The state of Massachusetts provides general guidelines for lake managers to implement and practice WDs. However, WD management reporting is not required and as such empirical water level records are scarce, making it difficult to assess guideline adherence and link these management actions to littoral habitat conditions. We monitored water levels bihourly in 18 lakes with ongoing WD regimes and 3 non-drawdown lakes over 3–4 yr. Our results show an interlake drawdown magnitude gradient of 0.07–2.66 m with intralake consistency across years. Corresponding WD magnitudes generated exposure of 1.3–37.6% for entire lakebeds and 9.2–71.1% for littoral zones. WD durations averaged 171 d and ranged widely from 5 to 246 d. Longer recession and refill phase durations and faster recession rates were moderately to strongly correlated with drawdown magnitudes. WDs were predominantly initiated prior to the state of Massachusetts 1 November starting guideline (83.1%) and refilled to summer reference levels after the recommended date of 1 April (70.6%). To minimize ecological impacts while still meeting recreational goals, WD performance guidelines may require a more fine-scale approach that integrates local hydrogeomorphic features and the presence of WD-sensitive littoral biotic assemblages. However, climate change model projections of warmer and wetter winters in the Northeast indicate increasing uncertainty for WD as an effective and worthwhile macrophyte control tool.
THz Near-Field Imaging of Extreme Subwavelength Metal Structures
Creators: name: Chen, Xinzhong
name: Liu, Xiao
name: Guo, Xiangdong
name: Chen, Shu
name: Hu, Hai
name: Nikulina, Elizaveta
name: Ye, Xinlin
name: Yao, Ziheng
name: Bechtel, Hans A.
name: Martin, Michael C.
name: Carr, G. Lawrence
name: Dai, Qing
name: Zhuang, Songlin
name: Hu, Qing
name: Zhu, Yiming
name: Hillenbrand, Rainer
name: Liu, Mengkun
name: You, Guanjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) has become an indispensable tool in material research. However, as the s-SNOM technique marches into the far-infrared (IR) and terahertz (THz) regimes, emerging experiments sometimes produce puzzling results. For example, anomalies in the near-field optical contrast have been widely reported. In this Letter, we systematically investigate a series of extreme subwavelength metallic nanostructures via s-SNOM near-field imaging in the GHz to THz frequency range. We find that the near-field material contrast is greatly impacted by the lateral size of the nanostructure, while the spatial resolution is practically independent of it. The contrast is also strongly affected by the connectivity of the metallic structures to a larger metallic ground plane. The observed effect can be largely explained by a quasi-electrostatic analysis. We also compare the THz s-SNOM results to those of the mid-IR regime, where the size-dependence becomes significant only for smaller structures. Our results reveal that the quantitative analysis of the near-field optical material contrasts in the long-wavelength regime requires a careful assessment of the size and configuration of metallic (optically conductive) structures.
3D simulations of RS Oph: from accretion to nova blast
Creators: name: Walder, Rolf
name: Folini, Doris
name: Shore, Steven N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RS Ophiuchi is a recurrent nova with a period of about 22 years, consisting of a wind accreting binary system with a white dwarf (WD) very close to the Chandrasekhar limit and a red giant star (RG). The system is considered a prime candidate to evolve into an SNIa. We present a 3D hydrodynamic simulation of the quiescent accretion and the subsequent explosive phase. The computed circumstellar mass distribution in the quiescent phase is highly structured with a mass enhancement in the orbital plane of about a factor of 2 as compared to the poleward directions. The simulated nova remnant evolves aspherically, propagating faster toward the poles. The shock velocities derived from the simulations are in agreement with those derived from observations. For v_RG = 20 km/s and for nearly isothermal flows, we derive a mass transfer rate to the WD of 10% of the mass loss of the RG. For an RG mass loss of 10^{-7} solar masses per year, we found the orbit of the system to decay by 3% per million years. With the derived mass transfer rate, multi-cycle nova models provide a qualitatively correct recurrence time, amplitude, and fastness of the nova. Our simulations provide, along with the observations and nova models, the third ingredient for a deeper understanding of the recurrent novae of the RS Oph type. In combination with recent multi-cycle nova models, our results suggests that the WD in RS Oph will increase in mass. Several speculative outcomes then seem plausible. The WD may reach the Chandrasekhar limit and explode as an SN Ia. Alternatively, the mass loss of the RG could result in a smaller Roche volume, a common envelope phase, and a narrow WD+WD system. Angular momentum loss due to graviational wave emission could trigger the merger of the two WDs and - perhaps - an SN Ia via the double degenerate scenario.
description: Accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters, 4 pages, 5 figures; Version with high resolution figures and movie can be found at http://www.astro.phys.ethz.ch/staff/folini/private/research/rsoph/rsoph.html
The electron-phonon coupling constant and the Debye temperature in polyhydrides of thorium, hexadeuteride of yttrium, and metallic hydrogen phase III
Creators: name: Talantsev, E. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Milestone experimental discovery of superconductivity above 200 K in highly-compressed sulphur hydride by Drozdov (Nature 525, 73 (2015)) sparked experimental and theoretical investigations of metallic hydrides. Since then, a dozen of superconducting binary and ternary polyhydrides have been discovered. For instance, there are three superconducting polyhydrides of thorium: Th4H15, ThH9, and ThH10 and four polyhydrides of yttrium: YH4, YH6, YH7, YH9. In addition to binary and ternary hydrogen-based metallic compounds, recently Eremets (arXiv:2109.11104) reported on the metallization of hydrogen, which exhibits a phase transition into metallic hydrogen phase III at P>330 GPa and T<200 K. Here we analyzed temperature-dependent resistance, R(T), in polyhydrides of thorium, hexadeuteride of yttrium and in hydrogen phase III and deduced the Debye temperature, $T$$_θ$, and the electron-phonon coupling constant, $λ_{e-ph}$, for these conductors. We found that Th4H15 phase exhibits $λ_{e-ph}$ = 0.82-0.99 which is in a very good agreement with experimental value of $λ_{e-ph}$ = 0.84 deduced from heat capacity measurements (Miller, Phys. Rev. B 14, 2795 (1976)). For P63/mmc-ThH9 phase (P = 170 GPa) we deduced $λ_{e-ph}$(170 GPa) = 1.46, which is in a reasonable agreement with $λ_{e-ph}$ reported by Semenok (Materials Today 33, 36 (2020)). Deduced $λ_{e-ph}$(170 GPa) = 1.70 for Fm-3m-ThH10 is in remarkable agreement with first-principles calculated $λ_{e-ph}$(174 GPa)=1.75 (Semenok, Materials Today 33, 36 (2020)). Deduced $λ_{e-ph}$(172 GPa) = 1.90 for Im-3m-YD6 is also in excellent agreement with first-principles calculated $λ_{e-ph}$(165 GPa)=1.80 (Troyan, Advanced Materials 33, 2006832 (2021)). And finally, we deduced $T$$_θ$(402 GPa) = 727 K for hydrogen phase III which implies that $λ_{e-ph}$(402 GPa)<1.7 in this metal.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
Cultura e filosofia nella Napoli di Caravaggio, in Caravaggio Napoli,
Creators: name: Ricci, Saverio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Caravaggio

description: Cultura e filosofia nella Napoli di Caravaggio, in Caravaggio Napoli, catalogo della mostra, a cura di M.C. Terzaghi, Milano, Electa, 2019, pp. 21-29.
Verbesserter Schwingungsschutz
Creators: name: Hauck, Matthias
name: Göhlich, Horst
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1998

description: Es wird ein handelsüblicher, moderner Fahrersitz, der mit einem geregelten Stoßdämpfer ausgestattet ist, vorgestellt. Der Dämpfer arbeitet auf Basis eines magneto-rheologischen Fluids und ist gegen den serienmäßigen, passiven Dämpfer austauschbar. Mit einem Relativwegsensor und einem Microcontroller ausgerüstet, ist mit diesem Sitz bei geregelter Dämpfung eine erhebliche Schwingungsreduktion gegenüber dem konventionellen Sitz erzielbar.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 53 Nr. 4 (1998)
Componentes socioculturais dos vendavais em Boane, Sul de Moçambique - uma análise de condutas, danos e respostas locais
Creators: name: Baltazar Muianga
name: Sophie Blay
name: Orlando Nipassa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: RESUMOEste artigo procurou fazer uma análise sociocultural dos vendavais e ventos fortes no Distrito de Boane, no sul de Moçambique. A partir de uma metodologia qualitativa, consubstanciada em uma abordagem fenomenológica, de caráter exploratório, a pesquisa possibilitou uma vasta recolha de dados qualitativos, incluindo entrevistas e fotografias, que registram as vivencias, conhecimentos e anseios de residentes da zona. Assim, investigou-se o conhecimento da população sobre a ocorrência de eventos extremos e as medidas de mitigação que adotam. Todavia, os dados de campo revelam que apesar de grande parte da população de Boane possuir conhecimento significativo sobre os eventos extremos, uma parcela substancial dos moradores tem pouco conhecimento, especialmente sobre medidas de mitigação. Descobriu-se, também, que fatores de ordem cultural e divina moldam a forma como uma parte considerável da população interpreta os vendavais e ventos fortes. Adicionalmente, foram analisados os motivos que levam as pessoas a permanecer na zona, apesar da recorrência de desastres naturais. Os resultados foram categorizados em (1) razões económicas, financeiras e de sobrevivência, e (2) razões sociais e culturais. Em conclusão, os moradores de Boane se encontram em uma situação de risco e vulnerabilidade marcada pela dificuldade de resistir e se recuperar de um evento climático extremo. Assim, afigura-se necessário que os mecanismos de resiliência adotados pela população sejam expandidos e, sobretudo, sejam implementadas políticas públicas capazes de oferecer maior segurança à população.Palavras-Chave: vendavais e ventos fortes; vulnerabilidade; resiliência; desastres naturais; Boane/Moçambique.
Connection between a possible fifth force and the direct detection of Dark Matter
Creators: name: Bovy, Jo
name: Farrar, Glennys R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If there is a fifth force in the dark sector and dark sector particles interact non-gravitationally with ordinary matter, quantum corrections generically lead to a fifth force in the visible sector. We show how the strong experimental limits on fifth forces in the visible sector constrain the direct detection cross section, and the strength of the fifth force in the dark sector. If the latter is comparable to gravity, the spin-independent direct detection cross section must typically be
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. v3: contains a more detailed treatment of the spin-dependence of the effective interaction between dark matter and ordinary matter
Lifting weak lensing degeneracies with a field-based likelihood
Creators: name: Porqueres, Natalia
name: Heavens, Alan
name: Mortlock, Daniel
name: Lavaux, Guilhem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a field-based approach to the analysis of cosmic shear data to infer jointly cosmological parameters and the dark matter distribution. This forward modelling approach samples the cosmological parameters and the initial matter fluctuations, using a physical gravity model to link the primordial fluctuations to the non-linear matter distribution. Cosmological parameters are sampled and updated consistently through the forward model, varying (1) the initial matter power spectrum, (2) the geometry through the distance-redshift relationship, and (3) the growth of structure and light-cone effects. Our approach extracts more information from the data than methods based on two-point statistics. We find that this field-based approach lifts the strong degeneracy between the cosmological matter density, $Ω_\mathrm{m}$, and the fluctuation amplitude, $σ_8$, providing tight constraints on these parameters from weak lensing data alone. In the simulated four-bin tomographic experiment we consider, the field-based likelihood yields marginal uncertainties on $σ_8$ and $Ω_\mathrm{m}$ that are, respectively, a factor of 3 and 5 smaller than those from a two-point power spectrum analysis applied to the same underlying data.
description: Accepted in MNRAS
Cheias e Inundações Urbanas em Moçambique: O caso da Cidade da Matola
Creators: name: Orlando Nipassa
name: and others
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: RESUMONo contexto dos eventos climáticos extremos que têm afetado Moçambique de forma recorrente e com consequência alarmantes, analisámos particularmente a situação das cheias e inundações nas áreas urbanas da Cidade da Matola, olhando para os seus impactos, por um lado, e para os mecanismos de adaptação e mitigação sustentáveis para as comunidades afetadas, por outro. Com base na teoria da mudança e na metodologia qualitativa, realizámos a revisão da literatura, entrevistas semiestruturadas, observação direta e análise de conteúdo dos dados pertinentes. Os resultados do estudo revelam que a inexistência de planos urbanos em alguns bairros da Matola, aliada ao êxodo rural, provocou aumento do número de casas construídas em bacias, zonas baixas e em cursos de água. Ademais, o crescimento acelerado do Município da Matola aliado à ocupação desordenada do solo por falta de fiscalização adequada constitui também uma das principais causas responsáveis pelas inundações, que têm provocado a destruição de bens, serviços e infraestruturas locais, submersão parcial de residências, doenças de natureza hídrica e mortes. Assim, para além de medidas paliativas de efeito imediato tais como o socorro às populações afetadas, sucção de águas e limpeza de valas e valetas de drenagens, defendemos que a gestão das inundações demanda a elaboração de políticas, planos e estratégias de prevenção e mitigação, bem como ações cuja elaboração e implementação requerem uma visão e abordagem integrada, envolvendo equipes interdisciplinares e multisetoriais que lidam com cheias e inundações urbanas.Palavras-Chave: Inundações urbanas; vulnerabilidade; estratégias de prevenção e mitigação; Cidade da Matola.
Near-Wake Dynamics of a Vertical-Axis Turbine
Creators: name: Strom, Benjamin
name: Polagye, Brian
name: Brunton, Steven L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76-05, 76M27, 76M23, 76D55

description: Cross-flow, or vertical-axis, turbines are a promising technology for capturing kinetic energy in wind or flowing water and their inherently unsteady fluid mechanics present unique opportunities for control optimization of individual rotors or arrays. To explore the potential for beneficial interactions between turbines in an array, coherent structures in the wake of a single two-bladed cross-flow turbine are examined using planar stereo particle image velocimetry in a water channel. First, the mean wake structure of this high chord-to-radius ratio rotor is described, compared to previous studies, and a simple explanation for observed wake deflection is presented. Second, the unsteady flow is then analyzed via the triple decomposition, with the periodic component extracted using a combination of traditional techniques and a novel implementation of the optimized dynamic mode decomposition. The latter method is shown to outperform conditional averaging and Fourier methods, as well as uncover frequencies suggesting a transition to bluff-body shedding in the far wake. Third, vorticity and finite-time Lyapunov exponents are then employed to further analyze the oscillatory wake component. Vortex streets on both sides of the wake are identified, and their formation mechanisms and effects on the mean flow are discussed. Strong axial (vertical) flow is observed in vortical structures shed on the retreating side of the rotor where the blades travel downstream. Time-resolved tracking of these vortices is performed, which demonstrates that vortex trajectories have significant rotation-to-rotation variation within one diameter downstream. This variability suggests it would be challenging to harness or avoid such structures at greater downstream distances.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures
Glueball operators and the microscopic approach to N=1 gauge theories
Creators: name: Ferrari, Frank
name: Kuperstein, Stanislav
name: Wens, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explain how to generalize Nekrasov's microscopic approach to N=2 gauge theories to the N=1 case, focusing on the typical example of the U(N) theory with one adjoint chiral multiplet X and an arbitrary polynomial tree-level superpotential Tr W(X). We provide a detailed analysis of the generalized glueball operators and a non-perturbative discussion of the Dijkgraaf-Vafa matrix model and of the generalized Konishi anomaly equations. We compute in particular the non-trivial quantum corrections to the Virasoro operators and algebra that generate these equations. We have performed explicit calculations up to two instantons, that involve the next-to-leading order corrections in Nekrasov's Omega-background.
description: 38 pages, 1 figure and 1 appendix included; v2: typos and the list of references corrected, version to appear in JHEP
Statistics of Green's functions on a disordered Cayley tree and the validity of forward scattering approximation
Creators: name: Nosov, P. A.
name: Khaymovich, I. M.
name: Kudlis, A.
name: Kravtsov, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accuracy of the forward scattering approximation for two-point Green's functions of the Anderson localization model on the Cayley tree is studied. A relationship between the moments of the Green's function and the largest eigenvalue of the linearized transfer-matrix equation is proved in the framework of the supersymmetric functional-integral method. The new large-disorder approximation for this eigenvalue is derived and its accuracy is established. Using this approximation the probability distribution of the two-point Green's function is found and compared with that in the forward scattering approximation (FSA). It is shown that FSA overestimates the role of resonances and thus the probability for the Green's function to be significantly larger than its typical value. The error of FSA increases with increasing the distance between points in a two-point Green's function.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures, 39 references
Buschhäcksler
Creators: name: Denich, Manfred
name: Lücke, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1998

description: Die Brandrodung zur Flächenvorbereitung im Rahmen der kleinbäuerlichen Landnutzung der Tropen ist weit verbreitet, aber auch umstritten. Dies gilt nicht nur wegen der direkten Gefährdung der Atmosphäre durch die Rauchbelastung, sondern auch wegen der erheblichen Nährstoffverluste. Diese stellen die Nachhaltigkeit des Landnutzungssystems infrage. Eine Lösung könnte in der Produktion von Mulch als Alternative liegen. Dazu ist jedoch die Entwicklung eines geeigneten Häckslers unbedingte Voraussetzung.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 53 Nr. 4 (1998)
Nacherntetechnologie und Gewürzverarbeitung in lndonesien
Creators: name: Hartulistiyoso, Edy
name: Rusli, Meika S.
name: Lücke, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1998

description: Als einer der größten Gewürzproduzenten und -exporteure muss sich lndonesien ständig bemühen, die Qualität seiner Produkte zu erhöhen. Diese unter anderem durch Kapitalmangel bedingte relativ niedrige Entwicklungsstufe der Nacherntetechnologie hat hohe Qualitätsverluste und einen hohen Kontaminationsgrad der Produkte mit Mikroorganismen zur Folge. Besonders wichtig sind Verbesserungsmaßnahmen im Bereich der Nacherntetechnologie, die sowohl in den landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben als auch in der verarbeitenden Industrie durchzuführen sind. Hierbei sind Maßnahmen wie die Anpassung und Entwicklung geeigneter Technologien, die Prozesshygiene sowie die Ausbildung der Landwirte zu verbessern. Der Einsatz neuer Technologien wie etwa der Mikrowellenapplikation, die zu einer Verbesserung der Qualität führen, sollten zukünftig besser genutzt werden. Dazu ist eine intensive Zusammenarbeit zwischen den Export und Importländern im Bereich der Nacherntetechnologie notwendig.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 53 Nr. 4 (1998)
On gauge/string correspondence and mirror symmetry
Creators: name: Bonelli, Giulio
name: Safaai, Houman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a mirror dual of the Berkovits-Vafa A-model for the BPS superstring on $AdS_5\times S^5$ in the form of a deformed superconifold. Via geometric transition, the theory has a dual description as the hermitian gaussian one-matrix model. We show that the A-model amplitudes of generic $AdS_2\times S^4$ branes, breaking the superconformal symmetry as $U(2,2|4)\to OSp(4^*|4)$, are evaluated in terms of observables in the matrix model. As such, upon the usual identification $g_{YM}^2=g_s$, these can be expanded as Drukker-Gross circular 1/2-BPS Wilson loops in the perturbative regime of ${\cal N}=4$ SYM.
description: 1+13 pages, minor changes, added refrences, version to appear in JHEP
Nicola Antonio Stigliola, in Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, Roma, Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana
Creators: name: Ricci, Saverio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Nicola Antonio Stigliola

description: Nicola Antonio Stigliola, in Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, Roma, Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, vol. 94, 2019, pp. 246-249. ISBN 978-88-12-000332-6. Voce enciclopedica.
Abtrocknen von gewaschenen Kartoffeln
Creators: name: Maltry, Werner
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1998

description: Die rasche Oberflächenabtrocknung gewaschener Speisekartoffeln ist ein wesentlicher Teilprozess zu ihrer Qualitätserhaltung. Aus trocknungsphysikalischen Gründen eignet sich hierfür das Verfahren der Kühlbelüftungstrocknung, bei dem die für die Wasserverdunstung erforderliche Wärme während des vorangehenden Waschvorgangs an die Kartoffeln übertragen wird und die trocknende Luft eine niedrigere Temperatur als die Kartoffeln hat. Modellrechnungen zum Erwärmungs- und Trocknungsvorgang für den Einzelkörper und die Schüttung bildeten die Grundlage für die Auslegung der Einrichtungen.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 53 Nr. 4 (1998)
Is social support associated with postpartum depression, anxiety and perceived stress among Korean women within the first year postpartum?
Creators: name: Lee, Mi-Sun
name: Lee, Jung Jae
name: Park, Soyeon
name: Kim, Seongju
name: Lee, Hooyeon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: This study aimed to examine the association between social support, postpartum depression (PPD), anxiety and perceived stress among women within 12 months of childbirth in South Korea. A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted from 21 to 30 September 2022 and included women within 12 months of childbirth in Chungnam Province, South Korea. A total of 1486 participants were included. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between social support and mental health. In total, 40.0% of the participants had mild to moderate PPD; 12.0%, anxiety symptoms; and 8.2%, perceived severe stress. Social support (from family and significant others) is significantly associated with PPD, anxiety and perceived severe stress. Current maternal health problems, unplanned pregnancy and low household income were risk factors for PPD, anxiety and perceived stress. The increase in the time elapsed after childbirth showed a positive association with PPD and perceived severe stress. Our findings provide insights to identify at-risk mothers and emphasize the importance of social support in families, early screening and continuous monitoring for postpartum women to prevent PPD, anxiety and stress.
A New Approach to Quintessence and a Solution of Multiple Attractors
Creators: name: Zhou, Shuang-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take a new approach to construct Quintessential models. With this approach, we first easily obtain a tracker solution that is different from those discovered before and straightforwardly find a solution of multiple attractors, i.e., a solution with more than one attractor for a given set of parameters. Then we propose a scenario of Quintessence where the field jumps out of the scaling attractor to the de-Sitter-like attractor, by introducing a field whose value changes a certain amount in a short time, leading to the current acceleration. We also calculate the change the field needs for a successful jump and suggest a possible mechanism that involves spontaneous symmetry breaking to realize the sudden change of the field value.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, Revtex4; To appear in PLB
Samen zählen
Creators: name: Heege, Hermann J.
name: Feldhaus, Benedikt
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1998

description: Die Einstellung und Kontrolle von Sägeräten nach Samenzahl je Flächeneinheit mithilfe optischer Sensoren ist nur bei Einzelkornablage üblich. Bei Sämaschinen mit Volumendosierung dagegen ermöglicht die ungleichmäßige Samenfolge bisher keine präzisen Signale der optischen Sensoren. Es wird gezeigt, dass bei diesen Geräten dann die genaue Samenzahl erfasst werden kann, wenn der Sensor nur die größeren Samenabstände misst. Zu diesem Zweck wird im Programm des Regelcomputers berücksichtigt, dass die Samenabstände in der Säleitung einer Exponentialverteilung entsprechen. Die darauf basierende teilflächenspezifische Regelung von Drillmaschinen wird behandelt.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 53 Nr. 4 (1998)
Düngereinspeisung bei Direktsaat
Creators: name: Baumann, Jochen
name: Köller, Karlheinz
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1998

description: Direktsaat ist nicht nur ein anderes Bestellverfahren, vielmehr müssen viele produktionstechnische Maßnahmen an dieses relativ junge Ackerbausystem angepasst werden, um dessen Vorteile auch konsequent nutzen zu können. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden verschiedene Düngungstechniken in einem Praxisversuch auf ihre Auswirkungen hinsichtlich pflanzenbaulicher und bodenkennzeichnender Parameter untersucht.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 53 Nr. 4 (1998)
Period pain presenteeism: investigating associations of working while experiencing dysmenorrhea
Creators: name: Cook, Alexandra
name: van den Hoek, Robin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Although menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) is common and can have detrimental effects on work and social functioning, little is known about how people manage it in their professional life. Existing evidence indicates that people with dysmenorrhea often engage in presenteeism, meaning they work despite experiencing symptoms and report perceptions of social stigma around menstruation. In this study, we investigated individual health-related factors, psychosocial factors, and work factors associated with period pain presenteeism in a cross-sectional survey study including N = 668 employed people with experiences of dysmenorrhea. Our results show that symptom severity, disclosure of menstrual pain to the leader, and remote work are directly associated with period pain presenteeism. We further found that the presence of medical diagnosis moderates the association between symptom severity and presenteeism. Disclosure to the leader was associated with leader gender, leader-member exchange (LMX), and the absence of a medical diagnosis, indicating a potential mediating effect. We did not, however, find the perceptions of public beliefs regarding the concealment of menstruation to be related to presenteeism or disclosure. Our findings have important implications for research on menstrual health and occupational health management practice.
Punktgenau breit verteilen
Creators: name: Hügle, Thomas
name: Schwieger, Hartwig
Publisher: name: LANDTECHNIK
Year: 1998

description: Bei der flächendeckenden Sammlung von Bioabfällen in Deutschland fallen jährlich etwa 6 Mio. t Bioabfallkompost an. Die Abwasser Technische Vereinigung (ATV) prognostiziert für das Jahr 2000 rund 70 Mio. t Klärschlamm mit einer Trockenmasse von 3,5 Mio. t. Die beiden organischen Reststoffe können in den natürlichen Nährstoffkreislauf nur integriert werden, wenn sie weitgehend als Sekundärrohstoffdünger auf landwirtschaftlichen Nutzflächen verwertet werden.
description: LANDTECHNIK, Bd. 53 Nr. 4 (1998)