Phylladiorhynchus asclepius Rodríguez-Flores &amp; Macpherson &amp; Machordom 2021, n. sp.
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Flores, Paula C.
name: Macpherson, Enrique
name: Machordom, Annie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Galatheidae
Phylladiorhynchus
Phylladiorhynchus asclepius

description: <i>Phylladiorhynchus asclepius</i> n. sp. (Figs. 5, 11E, 30G–I, Q, R) <i>Phylladiorhynchus integrirostris</i>.— Macpherson, 2008: 293–294. (Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia). Records requiring verification: <i>Phylladiorhynchus spinosus</i>.— Schnabel &amp; Ahyong, 2019: 335 (in part, only material from Western Australia). <b>Type material.</b> Holotype. Western Australia. Ningaloo Reef. 22.6083°S, 113.6249ºE, 10 m, 01 May 2009: M 2.1 mm (UF22296). <i>Paratypes.</i> Western Australia. Ningaloo Reef, 22.6083°S, 113.6249°E, 10 m, 1 May 2009: 1 ov. F 2.1 mm (UF22401).— 22.681°S, 113.6304°E, 15 m, rubble, 20 May 2006: 1 M 2.4 mm (UF27886).— Norwegian Channel, 22.6006°S, 113.6274°E, 23 m (in rubble), 28 May 2006: 1 ov. F 2.1 mm (UF27601). <b>Other material</b>. Western Australia. Dampier. Stn DA 3/99/50, 20.5473°S, 116.4455°E, 10–20 m, 31 August 1999: 1 M 2.4 mm, 2 ov. F 2.2–2.4 mm (WAM C27667).— Vulcan Shoal, Stn 146/K13, 12.7993°S, 124.2667°E, 19 m, 6 October 2013: 1 M 2.4 mm (WAM C55694-2). <b>Etymology</b>. From the name <i>Asclepius</i>, an Argonaut, son of Apollo and Coronis or Arsinoe. The name is considered a substantive in apposition. <b>Description.</b> <i>Carapace:</i> Usually broader than long (0.8–[0.9] × as long as wide); transverse ridges with dense short setae and thick iridescent setae. Gastric region slightly convex with some transverse ridges: epigastric ridge distinct with 2 median spines and some lateral short scales, followed by small short scales on posterior epigastric region; anterior protogastric ridge not medially interrupted, nearly extending laterally to carapace margin, often followed by uninterrupted posterior protogastric ridge or short scales; anterior mesogastric ridge not medially interrupted, laterally interrupted by anterior branch of cervical groove, and continuing uninterrupted to first branchial spine; anterior metagastric ridge not medially interrupted, followed by posterior scale-like metagastric ridge. Midtransverse ridge not interrupted, medially depressed, followed by shallow or indistinct cervical groove, followed by 2–3 not interrupted or minutely interrupted ridges, interspersed with 2 interrupted riges and few short scales. Lateral margins convex, with 6 distinct spines: first anterolateral spine well-developed, reaching anteriorly to level of lateral orbital spine, second spine (hepatic) well-developed, slightly dorsomesially from lateral margin, and followed by 4–5 branchial spines (3 anterior and 1–2 posterior). Rostrum dagger-like, horizontal dorsally flattish or slighly concave [1.8]–2.0 × as long as broad, length 0.5 and breadth 0.2–[0.3] that of carapace; lateral margins serrated and straight or nearly straight, with well-developed supraocular basal spines and subapical spines. Pterygostomian flap with anterior spine, upper margin smooth. <i>Thoracic sternum</i>:As wide as long. Sternite 3 quadrangular, [1.4]–2.1 × as wide as long, anterior margin convex, with a blunted median projection, anterolaterally rounded. Sternite 4 widely contiguous to sternite 3; anterolaterally smooth, surface depressed in midline, smooth; greatest width 2.6–[3.1] × that of sternite 3, [2.6]–3.3 × as wide as long. <i>Pleon</i>: Elevated ridges with short setae and a few scattered long setae. Tergite 2–4 with anterior and posterior transverse elevated ridges; tergites 5–6 smooth. <i>Eye:</i> Eyestalk length about 0.9–[1.1] × broader than long, peduncle distally setose, not distinctly expanded proximally, with few short transverse striae on lateral surfaces; cornea expanded distally, maximum corneal diameter [0.8]–1.0 × rostrum width, [0.8] as long as eyestalk. <i>Antennule</i>: Article 1 longer than wide, with 5 distal spines: distomesial spine well-developed; proximal lateral spine small, always present. <i>Antenna:</i> Article 1 with prominent mesial process, distally falling well short of lateralmost antennular spine. Article 2 with well-developed distomesial and distolateral spines. Article 3 with small to distinct mesial spine. Article 4 unarmed. <i>Mxp3:</i> Ischium with distinct distal spines on flexor and extensor margins. Merus 0.8 × length of ischium, with well-developed distal spine on extensor and flexor margins. <i>P1</i>: [2.3]–2.7 (males), 2.0–2.1 (females) × carapace length; subcylindrical, spiny and with long stiff setae; merus, carpus and palm with spines along mesial, dorsal and lateral surfaces, distal and mesial spines usually stronger than others. Merus [0.8]–1.0 length of carapace, [2.0]–2.3 × as long as carpus. Carpus 1.2–[1.3] × as long as wide. Palm [1.3]1.3 × carpus length, [1.4]–1.5 × as long as broad. Fingers [0.9]–1.0× palm length; fixed finger with 0–1 basal spines; movable finger often with 1 basal spine. <i>P2–4</i> (P3 lost in holotype): Setose and spinose. Meri successively shorter posteriorly: P3 merus 0.9 × length of P2 merus, P4 merus 0.8–0.9 × length of P3 merus. P2 merus, 0.6–[0.7] × carapace length, 3.3–3.8 × as long as broad, 1.1–1.2 × as long as P2 propodus; P3 merus 3.6–3.7 × as long as broad, 1.1–1.2 × as long as P3 propodus; P4 merus 3.7–4.0 × as long as broad, 1.0–1.1 × as long as P4 propodus; extensor margin of P2 and P3 with row of spines, proximally diminishing, with prominent distal spine; P4 extensor margin irregular, unarmed; flexor margin irregular, with distal spine on P2–3, absent or small on P4. Carpi with 2–4 small spines on extensor margin on P2–3, unarmed on P4; distal spine prominent on P2–3, absent on P4; row of granules below extensor margin on lateral surface of P2–4; flexor margin unarmed. Propodi stout, [4.0–4.5]3.8–4.5 × as long as broad; extensor margin irregular; flexor margin with 3–6 slender movable spines in addition to distal pair. Dactyli [0.6]–0.7 × length of propodi, ending in incurved, strong, sharp spine; flexor margin with dactylar spines at basis of 5–6 movable spines. <i>Eggs</i>: Ov. F carried approximately 8– 15 eggs of 0.4–0.5 mm diameter. <b>Live colour.</b> Unknown. <b>Genetic data.</b> COI and 16S, Table 1. <b>Distribution.</b> Western Australia, from 8 to 45 m. <b>Remarks.</b> <i>Phylladiorhynchus asclepius</i> belongs to the group of species having 2 epigastric spines, 1 hepatic spine, 3 spines on anterior branchial margin, rostrum dagger-like (margin straights or nearly straight) and dactylar spines along the flexor margin of the P2–4 dactyli. This species complex includes the following species: <i>P. asclepius</i>, <i>P. euryalus</i>, from Australia <b>(</b> Queensland), New Caledonia and the Chesterfield Islands, <i>P. lini,</i> and <i>P. spinosus</i> Schnabel &amp; Ahyong, 2019 from Australia, New Caledonia and New Zealand. The Western Australian material tentatively referred to <i>P. spinosus</i> by Schnabel &amp; Ahyong (2019) is referable to the new species (Ahyong, pers. com.). These species are morphologically very similar but genetically very distinct (see the differences under the Remarks of <i>P. spinosus</i>). The examined specimens of <i>P. asclepius</i> range from 2.1 to 2.4 mm postorbital carapace length. The two sequences of <i>P. asclepius</i> from Western Australia diverged 0.6% for COI and 0.2% for 16S.
description: Published as part of <i>Rodríguez-Flores, Paula C., Macpherson, Enrique &amp; Machordom, Annie, 2021, Revision of the squat lobsters of the genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Galatheidae) with the description of 41 new species, pp. 1-159 in Zootaxa 5008 (1)</i> on pages 17-18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5008.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5157455
description: {"references": ["Macpherson, E. (2008) Some new records of shallow-water galatheid crustaceans (Anomura: Galatheidae) from the Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement, 72, 289 - 297. https: // doi. org / 10.18195 / issn. 0313 - 122 x. 73.2007.289 - 297", "Schnabel, K. E. &amp; Ahyong, S. T. (2019) The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species. Zootaxa, 4688 (3), 301 - 347. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4688.3.1"]}