Hypotrix lunata Lafontaine &amp; Ferris &amp; Walsh 2010, comb. n.
Creators: name: Lafontaine, Donald
name: Ferris, Clifford
name: Walsh, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Hypotrix
Hypotrix lunata

description: <i>Hypotrix lunata</i> (Smith, 1906), comb. n. Figs 16, 31, 46, 51 <i>Urasogastra lunata</i> Smith, 1906: 13. <b>Type material.</b> <b>Lectotype</b> ♁ [AMNH, examined]. Lectotype designated by Todd (1982). Type locality: USA, Arizona, Huachuca Mts. <b>Other material examined and distribution. Mexico:</b> Durango. <b>USA:</b> Arizona. Cochise Co. (Huachuca Mts) and Santa Cruz Co. (Patagonia and Santa Rita Mts). <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Hypotrix lunata</i> is a relatively large moth (forewing: 15 <b>–</b> 17 mm) that is superficially unlike any other species in North America. Th e forewing is a hoary gray with a large entirely black crescent-shaped reniform spot that is fused posteriorly with the black orbicular spot. It is most closely related to <i>Hypotrix quindiensis</i> (Draudt, 1924) that was originally described as a form of <i>H</i>. <i>lunata</i>; it occurs from Colombia to Peru. <i>Hypotrix lunata</i> differs from <i>H</i>. <i>quindiensis</i> in having a smaller orbicular spot (the two sides of the black mark formed by the fusion of the spots are similar in size in <i>H</i>. <i>quindiensis</i>), the postmedial line is an even black line (an irregular series of black dashes in <i>H</i>. <i>quindiensis</i> ending in a black spot on the costa), the basal line is obscure (a contrasting black spot in <i>H</i>. <i>quindiensis</i>) and the hindwing is fuscous, not dirty white. In the genitalia of <i>H</i>. <i>quindiensis</i> there are two rather than three coils in the vesica and appendix bursae and only the posterior half of the ductus bursae is sclerotized. <i>Hypotrix purpurigera</i> (Fig. 17) and several of its South American relatives also have black reniform and orbicular spots that are frequently fused posteriorly, creating a wide V-shaped mark. Within the North American fauna the <i>male genitalia</i> of <i>Hypotrix lunata</i> are most similar to those of <i>H</i>. <i>hueco</i>, but differ in that only the apical part of the uncus is expanded in <i>H</i>. <i>lunata</i> whereas the apical 2/3 is wide in <i>H</i>. <i>hueco</i>, the clasper is stouter and abruptly tapered apically in <i>H</i>. <i>lunata</i>, and the dorsal lobe on the sacculus is much larger. Th e vesica is very different from that of <i>H</i>. <i>hueco</i> in having much more extensive basal cluster of spines and subbasal cornuti in a longitudinally ribbed basal swelling, and the vesica has three tight medial coils rather than one as in <i>H</i>. <i>hueco</i>. In the <i>female genitalia</i> the appendix bursae has a corresponding three coils to those in the vesica and the ductus bursae is more heavily sclerotized. <b>Distribution and biology.</b> <i>Hypotrix lunata</i> occurs from southeastern Arizona (Chiricahua, Huachuca and Santa Rita Mountains) southward to the State of Durango in northern Mexico. Collecting dates range from late May to mid-September, probably representing two generations.
description: Published as part of <i>Lafontaine, Donald, Ferris, Clifford &amp; Walsh, J., 2010, A revision of the genus Hypotrix Guenee in North America with descriptions of four new species and a new genus (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini), pp. 225-253 in ZooKeys 39 (39)</i> on pages 248-249, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.39.438, http://zenodo.org/record/576643
description: {"references": ["Smith JB (1906) New Noctuidae for 1906 - no. 3. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 14: 9 - 30.", "Todd EL (1982) Th e noctuid type material of John B. Smith (Lepidoptera). United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin 1645, 228 pp.", "Draudt M (1924) 7. Band: Eulenartige Nachtfalter. In: Seitz A (1919 - 1944) Die Gross- Schmetterlinge der Erde, II. Abteilung: Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Amerikanischen Faunengebietes. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, 508 pp. 96 pl."]}