cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Development and Experiment of Electromagnetic Pulse Crimping System for Terminal-Wire of Electric Vehicles
Creators: name: Zhou, Y.
name: Li, C.
name: Shen, T.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Wu, H.
name: Dai, M.
name: Wang, X.
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: HV wire harness
subject: electromagnetic pulse crimping
subject: electric vehicles
subject: terminals
subject: 620
subject: 670

description: The safety and reliability of the energy transmission system of electric vehicles (EVs) are decided by the connection reliability of the high-voltage (HV) wire harness and terminals. When the terminal and the HV wire harness are connected by the usual mechanical crimping methods such as hydraulic pressure, there are the edges and corners on the terminal, and gaps between the wire harness and terminal, which are prone to fretting corrosion and threaten the power system. In this work, an electromagnetic pulse crimping (EMPC) system has been designed and developed for joining the Cu wire harness and the Cu terminal of the EV. When the discharge voltage is 13 kV, it can deliver the discharge current of 70 kA peak value, causing the joint of the Cu terminal and the Cu HV wire harness. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were used to analyze the microstructure and element distribution of the joint interface. A good and strong metallurgical bond was obtained at the surface of the Cu HV wire harness, the Cu terminal, and each strand of the Cu HV wire harness. There were a flat interface and a wavy interface between the Cu HV wire harness and the Cu terminal because of the gap on the field shaper.
Integrating Role of Non-profit Organizations (NPOs) in Rural Tourism Development: evidence from Chiba, Japan
Creators: name: Ohe, Yasuo
name: Ohe, Yasuo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Non-profit organization
subject: institutional economics
subject: rural tourism
subject: network
subject: social capital

description: Operators of rural tourism face various difficulties that hamper development of their activities. This paper explored the roles that NPOs play in the development of rural tourism to help operators counter such difficulties. For this purpose, the author firstly presented a conceptual framework from the perspective of institutional economics that explains why development of a rural tourism activity is often slow. It was revealed that the high marginal cost of acquiring skills in local resource management should be reduced to counter that slow development. Secondly, the author empirically evaluated the significance of NPOs through a case study in Chiba, Japan, that works to horizontally integrate stakeholders. This type of NPO provides services to ease difficulties encountered by operators by network building among stakeholders, providing training opportunities, negotiating with travel agencies, and assisting in program development in which many other stakeholders are not always proficient. This type of NPO can reduce the marginal cost of local resource management, which eventually leads to the development of rural tourism. Thus, it is expected that roles of this type of NPO will increase in the future. Partnerships with NPOs will be important in the design of policy measures for rural tourism.
Magnetic Weyl semimetals with diamond structure realized in spinel compounds
Creators: name: Jiang, Wei
name: Huang, Huaqing
name: Liu, Feng
name: Wang, Jian-Ping
name: Low, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diamond-structure materials have been extensively studied for decades, which form the foundation for most semiconductors and their modern day electronic devices. Here, we discover a e$_g$-orbital ($d_{z^2}$,$d_{x^2-y^2}$ ) model within the diamond lattice (e$_g$-diamond model) that hosts novel topological states. Specifically, the e$_g$-diamond model yields a 3D nodal cage (3D-NC), which is characterized by a $d$-$d$ band inversion protected by two types of degenerate states (i.e., e$_g$-orbital and diamond-sublattice degeneracies). We demonstrate materials realization of this model in the well-known spinel compounds (AB$_2$X$_4$), where the tetrahedron-site cations (A) form the diamond sub-lattice. An ideal half metal with one metallic spin channel formed by well-isolated and half-filled e$_g$-diamond bands, accompanied by a large spin gap (4.36 eV) is discovered in one 4-2 spinel compound (VMg$_2$O$_4$), which becomes a magnetic Weyl semimetal when spin-orbit coupling effect is further considered. Our discovery greatly enriches the physics of diamond structure and spinel compounds, opening a door to their application in spintronics.
INTEGRAL-RXTE observations of Cygnus X-1
Creators: name: Pottschmidt, K.
name: Wilms, J.
name: Chernyakova, M.
name: Nowak, M. A.
name: Rodriguez, J.
name: Zdziarski, A. A.
name: Beckmann, V.
name: Kretschmar, P.
name: Gleissner, T.
name: Pooley, G. G.
name: Martinez-Nunez, S.
name: Courvoisier, T. J. -L.
name: Schoenfelder, V.
name: Staubert, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first results from contemporaneous observations of Cygnus X-1 with INTEGRAL and RXTE, made during INTEGRAL's performance verification phase in 2002 November and December. Consistent with earlier results, the 3-250 keV data are well described by Comptonization spectra from a Compton corona with a temperature of kT~50-90 keV and an optical depth of tau~1.0-1.3 plus reflection from a cold or mildly ionized slab with a covering factor of Omega/2pi~0.2-0.3. A soft excess below 10 keV, interpreted as emission from the accretion disk, is seen to decrease during the 1.5 months spanned by our observations. Our results indicate a remarkable consistency among the independently calibrated detectors, with the remaining issues being mainly related to the flux calibration of INTEGRAL.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Figs. 2 and 3 are best viewed in color. Accepted for publication in the INTEGRAL special edition of A&AL
title: Stand-up comedy: manipulation and influence
Creators: name: Quirk, Sophie
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: This thesis interprets the craft of stand-up comedy as a series of manipulations. In a medium where interaction with the audience IS often unruly, manipulation IS frequently used to maintain the performer's control over his audience, and to persuade them to laugh. Comedians may also go beyond the immediate manipulation of response to have a more significant influence, persuading audiences to subvert their usual standards of morality, and shaping or re-shaping their opinions and attitudes. By examining the work and methodology of practitioners across the current British alternative stand-up comedy scene, I aim to show some of the common manipulations used by stand-up comedians, and to demonstrate the possibilities that this medium has for political efficacy. I argue that stand-up comedy plays a significant role in influencing the attitudes and opinions of individuals, and in negotiating wider social norms.
title: Assessment of seasonal and decadal signals in the in-situ Atlantic plankton data
Creators: name: Bruun, John
name: Rees, Andy
name: Stephens, John
name: Thomalla, Sandy
name: Philibert, Raissa
name: Waldron, Howard
name: Somerfield, Paul
name: Jeansson, Emil
name: Bellerby, Richard
name: Moiseev, Denis
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Combining in-situ plankton time series data sets from different research cruises over an oceanAtlantic scale is particularly challenging. Specifically creating a knowledge base that enables statistical analysis of seasonal and the longer term structure and function of the planktonic presents two challenges: 1) subsampling: the underlying trends are not completely represented as not all measures are regularly sampled over time (months & years), and 2) measurement protocols: scientific protocols for individual research expeditions need to be harmonised so that representative long term time series can be constructed. We present the current learning from combining in-situ data across Arctic (1913+), Atlantic (1985+) and Southern Ocean (1992+) waters. To help address these challenges, this in-situ data and the related knowledge is being combined with biogeochemical numerical models and remote sensing data in the GreenSeas Analysis Framework. This novel framework will be briefly discussed to explain how the GSAF and its linkage with the insitu sampling design provide a systematic capability to construct the longer term time series. Ultimately it enables analyses which help improve the numerical models which are used to give future assessments of climate. We report here the current learning obtained from combining these in-situ data with a focus on phytoplankton abundance, primary production and nutrient metrics. We discuss the seasonal and decadal trends in this data, and present (with relevant statistically simulated data) methods to distinguish seasonal and decadal variation from longer term trends that are typically present in these types of time series.
Dynamics of Two Granules
Creators: name: Rosas, Alexandre
name: Buceta, J.
name: Lindenberg, Katja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of two particles that interact only when in contact. In this sense, although not in every particular, the interactions mimic those in granular materials. The detailed solution of the dynamics allows an analysis of the backscattering behavior of the first particle and of the energy dissipation in the system as a function of various parameters.
description: 10 pages, 9 figure, to appear in PRE
Ward Identity of the Vector Current and the Decay Rate of $η_c\rightarrowγγ$ in Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Liu, Chuan
name: Meng, Yu
name: Zhang, Ke-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a recently proposed method arXiv:1910.11597 (Yu Meng et al.), we study the two-photon decay rate of $η_c$ using two $N_f=2$ twisted mass gauge ensembles with lattice spacings $0.067$fm and $0.085$fm. The results obtained from these two ensembles can be extrapolated in a naive fashion to the continuum limit, yielding a result that is consistent with the experimental one within two standard deviations. To be specific, we obtain the results for two-photon decay of $η_c$ as $\mathcal{B}(η_c\rightarrow 2γ)= 1.29(3)(18)\times 10^{-4}$ where the first error is statistical and the second is our estimate for the systematic error caused by the finite lattice spacing. It turns out that Ward identity for the vector current is of vital importance within this new method. We find that the Ward identity is violated for local current with a finite lattice spacing, however it will be restored after the continuum limit is taken.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Stakeholder perceptions of public good provision from agriculture and implications for governance mechanism design
Creators: name: Roberts, Michaela
name: Byg, Anja
name: Faccioli, Michela
name: Novo, Paula
name: Kyle, Carol
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Agriculture provides many public goods; however the costs and benefits of these are rarely well distributed. Maintaining public good provision often relies on external governance mechanisms, in turn reliant on the existing socio-ecological system. With two groups of stakeholders (practitioners and academics) we created cognitive maps of socio-ecological systems linking agriculture, public goods, and governance mechanisms in north-east Scotland. Fuzzy cognitive mapping was used to explore stakeholders’ perceptions and experiences, and to assess alternative governance options for the local socio-ecological context. We find agreement for perceptions of the system between stakeholders, but differences in each group’s focus. Models predicted little change in the provision of public goods from agriculture in relation to different governance mechanisms. We find that stakeholder participation can aid understanding of the impacts of proposed governance changes at the local level, improving comprehension of stakeholder perception of impacts and understanding of stakeholders’ reactions to particular governance mechanisms.
An Information-theoretic Approach to Unsupervised Feature Selection for High-Dimensional Data
Creators: name: Huang, Shao-Lun
name: Xu, Xiangxiang
name: Zheng, Lizhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose an information-theoretic approach to design the functional representations to extract the hidden common structure shared by a set of random variables. The main idea is to measure the common information between the random variables by Watanabe's total correlation, and then find the hidden attributes of these random variables such that the common information is reduced the most given these attributes. We show that these attributes can be characterized by an exponential family specified by the eigen-decomposition of some pairwise joint distribution matrix. Then, we adopt the log-likelihood functions for estimating these attributes as the desired functional representations of the random variables, and show that such representations are informative to describe the common structure. Moreover, we design both the multivariate alternating conditional expectation (MACE) algorithm to compute the proposed functional representations for discrete data, and a novel neural network training approach for continuous or high-dimensional data. Furthermore, we show that our approach has deep connections to existing techniques, such as Hirschfeld-Gebelein-Rényi (HGR) maximal correlation, linear principal component analysis (PCA), and consistent functional map, which establishes insightful connections between information theory and machine learning. Finally, the performances of our algorithms are validated by numerical simulations.
description: 35 pages; Submitted to IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Information Theory (JSAIT)
From QFT to DCC
Creators: name: Bambah, B.
name: Mukku, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum field theoretical model for the dynamics of the disoriented chiral condensate is presented. A unified approach to relate the quantum field theory directly to the formation, decay and signals of the DCC and its evolution is taken. We use a background field analysis of the O(4) sigma model keeping one-loop quantum corrections (quadratic order in the fluctuations). An evolution of the quantum fluctuations in an external, expanding metric which simulates the expansion of the plasma, is carried out. We examine, in detail, the amplification of the low momentum pion modes with two competing effects, the expansion rate of the plasma and the transition rate of the vacuum configuration from a metastable state into a stable state.We show the effect of DCC formation on the multiplicity distributions and the Bose-Einstein correlations.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures
AN INVESTIGATION ON THE PROBLEM AREAS OF MANAGEMENT FASHION
Creators: name: Hasan Tutar,
name: ERDEM, Ahmet Tuncay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150310 Organisation and Management Theory
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150312 Organisational Planning and Management
subject: 150305 Human Resources Management

description: This conceptual study's main purpose, conducted with an interpretative and critical understanding, is to draw attention to fashionable approaches carried out with rhetorical language without using the factual language of scientific knowledge. The approaches produced by this rhetorical language, which has been recently classified as fashion approaches, are unfortunately carried out with the concern of publishing, far from scientific concerns. Management fashions, which are carried out with the concern of quantity without paying attention to quantity, do not mean anything other than a waste of labor and time. Fashion approaches produced by taking the concepts out of context and using them arbitrarily do not make any sense other than a waste of effort and mind and do not contribute to the literature and practice.
Pantostomus mallochi Hesse 1956
Creators: name: Greathead, David J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Pantostomus
Pantostomus mallochi

description: Pantostomus mallochi Hesse
 Pantostomus mallochi Hesse, 1956: 69.
 Distribution. South Africa (Limpopo), Zimbabwe.
description: Published as part of Greathead, David J., 2006, New records of Namibian Bombyliidae (Diptera), with notes on some genera and descriptions of new species, pp. 1-88 in Zootaxa 1149 (1) on page 64, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1149.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5058081
A new signature for strong light-matter coupling using spectroscopic ellipsometry
Creators: name: Thomas, Philip A.
name: Tan, Wai Jue
name: Fernandez, Henry A.
name: Barnes, William L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light-matter interactions can occur when an ensemble of molecular resonators is placed in a confined electromagnetic field. In the strong coupling regime the rapid exchange of energy between the molecules and the electromagnetic field results in the emergence of hybrid light-matter states called polaritons. Multiple criteria exist to define the strong coupling regime, usually by comparing the splitting of the polariton bands with the linewidths of the uncoupled modes. Here we highlight the limitations of these criteria and study strong coupling using spectroscopic ellipsometry, a commonly used optical characterisation technique. We identify a new signature of strong coupling in ellipsometric phase spectra. Combining ellipsometric amplitude and phase spectra yields a distinct topological feature that we suggest could serve as a new criterion for strong coupling. Our results introduce the idea of ellipsometric topology and could provide further insight into the transition from the weak to strong coupling regime.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Community participation in watershed management: analysis of the status and factors affecting community engagement in the upper Gibe basin, South West Ethiopia
Creators: name: Fekadu Mengistu
name: Engdawork Assefa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: A lack of appreciation of community participation is one of the factors constraining the sustainability of the watershed management program in Ethiopia. A household survey of 304 household heads, focus group discussions and key informant interviews were used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results of the overall community participation index value showed a moderate level of participation. There was variation in the level of participation by the community at different stages of watershed management. The results of logistic regression indicated that overall community participation was significantly affected by the frequency of extension contact, access to credit services, access to off/non-farm income sources and group membership. Thus, program planners should give due consideration to variations in the level of involvement by the community in different activities of watershed programs at different stages and the subsequent factors for future sustainable watershed development planning.
Quantum state transmission via a spin ladder as a robust data bus
Creators: name: Li, Y.
name: Shi, T.
name: Chen, B.
name: Song, Z.
name: Sun, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the physical mechanism to coherently transfer the quantum information of spin by connecting two spins to an isotropic antiferromagnetic spin ladder system as data bus. Due to a large spin gap existing in such a perfect medium, the effective Hamiltonian of the two connected spins can be archived as that of Heisenberg type, which possesses a ground state with maximal entanglement. We show that the effective coupling strength is inversely proportional to the distance of the two spins and thus the quantum information can be transferred between the two spins separated by a longer distance, i.e. the characteristic time of quantum state transferring linearly depends on the distance.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
title: Environmental values amongst tourists to small urban places in Scotland.
Creators: name: Crick-Furman, Deborah Suzanne Estelle
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1999

description: This study discusses the effectiveness of methods for measuring personal values in tourism research and presents an exploration of different modelling techniques as more effective approaches. Drawing on research examining the measurement of environmental values and the contextual, multiple and conflicting nature of values, the use of a contextual and situational value measurement technique for assessing tourism values is suggested as an alternative to the more common generalist “personal values in everyday life” approach. A two dimensional model of tourism values is proposed which serves to integrate the literature and help to better understand tourism values. The two bi-polar dimensions are, firstly, emotion-dominant and cognition-dominant; and secondly, inner directed and outer directed. In 1995 and 1996 surveys were conducted on visitors to two small urban locations in Scotland. The objectives of the two studies were as follows: First, to uncover the range of personal values that are invoked when tourists are choosing a destination to visit, and which therefore can be considered as current and relevant to the tourism life domain (context). The contextual approach was used to measure situational variables (activities, destination attributes, place attachment and environmental concern) in both towns. Tourists to these two towns were then segmented on the basis of their expressed values and behaviours. Second, hierarchical loglinear analysis was used to examine the effect of multiple, conflicting values on holiday behaviour. The study concludes by emphasising the importance of measuring values taking into account the general or specific situation that tourists find themselves in, guided by values covering all aspects of the tourist life domain. Finally, the utility and effectiveness of the two analytical approaches are assessed and the managerial implications that emerge from the study and analysis are discussed.
Ownership Structure Variation and Firm Efficiency
Creators: name: Hassan, Sallahuddin
name: Othman, Zalila
name: Harun, Mukaramah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Firms with different ownership structures could be argued to have different levels of efficiency.Highly concentrated firms are expected to be more efficient as this type of ownership structure may alleviate the conflict of interest between managers and shareholders.In Malaysia, public-listed firms have been found to have highly concentrated ownership structure.However, whether this evidence holds for every industry has not been established.Hence, the objective of this paper is to investigate whether there are variations in ownership structure and firm's efficiency across sectors.To achieve this objective, the frequency distributions of ownership structure were calculated and firms efficiency scores for consumer products, industrial products, construction and trading/services sectors were measured.Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) under the assumptions of constant returns to scale(CRS) and variable returns to scale(VRS) was employed to estimate firms efficiency scores.A sample of 156 firms listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange(KLSE) was selected using the stratified random sampling method. The findings have shown that there are variations in firm ownership structure and efficiency across sectors.
Through the Forest : Representing Vancouver's Roots
Creators: name: Bull, Olivia
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Vancouver is a city on the brink, a city that needs a new conception of itself in image, and story as much as in building. The city requires a new representation, one where rich layered spaces deriving from both past and present combine to form alter-narratives of the city. This re-presentation of the city must come through the forest, which continues to inform the city’s image and imagination despite its apparent disappearance. There is no Vancouver with the forest, yet there is also no city without it.
Question Answering over Curated and Open Web Sources
Creators: name: Roy, Rishiraj Saha
name: Anand, Avishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The last few years have seen an explosion of research on the topic of automated question answering (QA), spanning the communities of information retrieval, natural language processing, and artificial intelligence. This tutorial would cover the highlights of this really active period of growth for QA to give the audience a grasp over the families of algorithms that are currently being used. We partition research contributions by the underlying source from where answers are retrieved: curated knowledge graphs, unstructured text, or hybrid corpora. We choose this dimension of partitioning as it is the most discriminative when it comes to algorithm design. Other key dimensions are covered within each sub-topic: like the complexity of questions addressed, and degrees of explainability and interactivity introduced in the systems. We would conclude the tutorial with the most promising emerging trends in the expanse of QA, that would help new entrants into this field make the best decisions to take the community forward. Much has changed in the community since the last tutorial on QA in SIGIR 2016, and we believe that this timely overview will indeed benefit a large number of conference participants.
description: SIGIR 2020 Tutorial
Supply Reliability of Groundwater Irrigation, Climate Change, and Tube Well Density in Rural China
Creators: name: Li, Yanrong
name: Wang, Jinxia
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Adhikari, Bhim
name: You, Liangzhi
name: Li, Yanrong
name: Wang, Jinxia
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Adhikari, Bhim
name: You, Liangzhi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Groundwater irrigation
subject: Precipitation
subject: Supply reliability
subject: Temperature
subject: Tube well density

description: This paper aims to examine the status of the supply reliability of groundwater irrigation, and discusses how it is affected by climate change and tube well density in rural China. Based on a large-scale, 9-province village survey and secondary climate data, results showed that on average, supply reliability was 89 percent in the past 3 years. Econometric results presented a non-linear relationship, which revealed that the annual temperature significantly influenced the supply reliability of groundwater irrigation. When the temperature is higher than the turning point (6.10C), the relationship between temperature and supply reliability of groundwater irrigation changes from being positive to being negative. Except for Jilin Province, the annual temperature in eight provinces was higher than the turning point. In the future, after keeping other factors constant, if the temperature increases by 20C, supply reliability will be reduced by 20%. However, if precipitation increases by 50%, supply reliability can be increased by 10%, while reducing precipitation by 50% will result in the reduction of supply reliability by 10%. Increasing the density of tube wells is greatly beneficial to supply reliability. However, although increasing the density of tube wells may ensure that enough groundwater is available for irrigation, such a conclusion is one-sided, and sustainability concerns should be raised in assessing this method of creating supply reliability.
title: Computer algebra techniques in object-oriented mathematical modelling.
Creators: name: Mitic, Peter
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1999

description: This thesis proposes a rigorous object-oriented methodology, supported by computer algebra software, to generate and relate features in a mathematical model. Evidence shows that there is little heuristic or theoretical research into this problem from any of the three principal modelling methodologies: 'case study’, ‘scenario’ and ‘generic’. This thesis comprises two other major strands: applications of computer algebra software and the efficacy of symbolic computation in teaching and learning. Developing the principal algorithms in computer algebra has sometimes been done at the expense of ease of use. Developers have also not concentrated on integrating an algebra engine into other software. A thorough review of quantitative studies in teaching and learning mathematics highlights a serious difficulty in measuring the effect of using computer algebra. This arises because of the disparate nature of learning with and without a computer. This research tackles relationship formulation by casting the problem domain into object-oriented terms and building an appropriate class hierarchy. This capitalises on the fact that specific problems are instances of generic problems involving prototype physical objects. The computer algebra facilitates calculus operations and algebraic manipulation. In conjunction, I develop an object-oriented design methodology applicable to small-scale mathematical modelling. An object model modifies the generic modelling cycle. This allows relationships between features in the mathematical model to be generated automatically. The software is validated by quantifying the benefits of using the object-oriented techniques, and the results are statistically significant. The principal problem domain considered is Newtonian particle mechanics. Although the Newtonian axioms form a firm basis for a mathematical description of interactions between physical objects, applying them within a particular modelling context can cause problems. The goal is to produce an equation of motion. Applications to other contexts are also demonstrated. This research is significant because it formalises feature and equation-generation in a novel way. A new modelling methodology ensures that this crucial stage in the modelling cycle is given priority and automated.
Approaching Lambda without fine-tuning
Creators: name: Matarrese, Sabino
name: Baccigalupi, Carlo
name: Perrotta, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the fine-tuning problem of dark energy cosmologies which arises when the dark energy density needs to initially lie in a narrow range in order for its present value to be consistent with observations. As recently noticed, this problem becomes particularly severe in canonical Quintessence scenarios, when trying to reproduce the behavior of a cosmological constant, i.e. when the dark energy equation of state w_Q approaches -1: these models may be reconciled with a large basin of attraction only by requiring a rapid evolution of w_Q at low reshifts, which is in conflict with the most recent estimates from type Ia Supernovae discovered by Hubble Space Telescope. Next, we focus on scalar-tensor theories of gravity, discussing the implications of a coupling between the Quintessence scalar field and the Ricci scalar (``Extended Quintessence''). We show that, even if the equation of state today is very close to -1, by virtue of the scalar-tensor coupling the quintessence trajectories still possess the attractive feature which allows to reach the present level of cosmic acceleration starting by a set of initial conditions which covers tens of orders of magnitude; this effect, entirely of gravitational origin, represents a new important consequence of the possible coupling between dark energy and gravity.
description: References added; figures labels enlarged. To appear on PrD
title: Planktonic ecosystem response to climate warming, signified by changes in abundance of krill and amphipods in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard
Creators: name: Rønning, Jon
name: Dalpadado, Padmini
name: Hop, Haakon
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Krill and amphipods were studied in Kongsfjorden (79 ºN) and adjacent waters, with few records from Isfjorden (78 ºN) and Rijpfjorden (80 ºN). Fjords have frequently been used as model systems because they carry typical features of adjacent seas, but retain their characteristics for longer periods than the open sea.
Observed local dispersion relations for magneto-acoustic-gravity waves in the Sun's atmosphere: Mapping the acoustic cut-off frequency
Creators: name: Jefferies, Stuart M.
name: Fleck, Bernhard
name: Murphy, Neil
name: Berrilli, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the observed local dispersion relations for magneto-acoustic-gravity waves in the Sun's atmosphere for different levels of magnetic field strength. We model these data with a theoretical local dispersion relation to produce spatial maps of the acoustic cut-off frequency in the Sun's photosphere. These maps have implications for the mechanical heating of the Sun's upper atmosphere, by magneto-acoustic-gravity waves, at different phases of the solar magnetic activity cycle.
Managing the Stranded Assets and Protecting the Food value Chains from Natural Disasters
Creators: name: Anbumozhi, Venkatachalam
name: Reddy, Vangimalla R.
name: Anbumozhi, Venkatachalam
name: Reddy, Vangimalla R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Climate change
subject: Disasters
subject: Food Value Chain
subject: Stranded Assets

description: Stranded assets are those that have suffered unanticipated or premature write downs and lose value or turn into liabilities due to external shocks. Environmental risk factors such as natural disasters, climate change, water scarcity etc. that could cause asset stranding of agriculture are poorly understood in the context of food value chain (FVC). The value at risk (VaR) globally is significant in agriculture due to over-exposure to stranded assets throughout our financial and economic systems. Our objective is to discuss the issue of stranded assets and the environmental risks involved with food value chains. This paper provides an overview of the environmental risk disasters and climate change as agriculture asset stranding in FVC. We present the impact of disasters triggered by natural hazards on the economic losses of the agricultural value chain and loss of value added growth with further discussion on the principles of effective disaster risk reduction in FVC. Disaster when combined with climate change poses challenges by creating fluctuations in yields, supply shortfalls, subsequent global trading patterns, and substantial effects on FVC. Finally, we present strategies for building resilient FVCs in partnership with communities.
From Luttinger liquids to Luttinger droplets via higher-order bosonization identities
Creators: name: Huber, Sebastian
name: Kollar, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive generalized Kronig identities expressing quadratic fermionic terms including momentum transfer to bosonic operators and use them to obtain the exact solution for one-dimensional fermionic models with linear dispersion in the presence of position-dependent interactions and scattering potential. In these Luttinger droplets, which correspond to Luttinger liquids with spatial variations or constraints, the position dependences of the couplings break the translational invariance of correlation functions and modify the Luttinger-liquid interrelations between excitation velocities.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 4 of Childhood tuberculosis treatment outcome and its association with HIV co-infection in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Getaneh Belay
name: Chalachew Wubneh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. The JBI quality assessment tool for cohort and cross sectional studies.
CMM CESSDA Metadata Model
Creators: name: Borschewski, Kerrin
name: Förster, André
name: Friedrich, Tanja
name: Zenk-Möltgen, Wolfgang
name: Miranda, Patrícia
name: Moura Ferreira, Pedro
name: Banovic, Jelena
name: Bradić-Martinović, Aleksandra
name: Malic, Larisa
name: Ala-Lahti, Henri
name: Jääskeläinen, Taina
name: Moilanen, Katja
name: Hagen, Sunniva
name: Jakobsen, Morten
name: Storviken, Silje
name: Try Laundal, Anne Marie
name: Utaaker Segadal, Katrine
name: Balkan, Lorna
name: Barbalet, Suzanne
name: Beeken, Jeannine
name: Bell, Darren
name: Bolton, Sharon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: CESSDA
Metadata
Model

description: Newest versions of the CMM can be found using the collective DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4672413 or following the link: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4672413. This is one of the previous versions of the CESSDA Metadata Model (CMM). Please note that comments and requests for revision from the CESSDA community are welcome. Please send your requests to the CESSDA Metadata Office via metadata-office@cessda.eu. Guidelines for the usage of and best practices for the CMM can be found in the respective User Guide (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3236193).
title: Modelling the beginning and end of a planktonic life stage the distribution of cod eggs and settled juveniles in the North Sea
Creators: name: Höffle, Hannes
name: Munk, Peter
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.As a stock close to the southern limit of the species’ range, the North Sea cod stock may be among those most affected by future climate change. Direct, as well as indirect effects of climate forcing may have the greatest effects on early life stages. We here present our examination of the distribution of cod (Gadus morhua) at the beginning and at the end of the planktonic life stage. The distribution of cod eggs was modelled with Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) on the presence/absence, as well as the non-zero abundance. For comparison, the egg distribution of haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus), whiting (Merlangius merlangus) and plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) were examined likewise. Findings indicated that in the egg stage, the environment is more important for the probability of occurrence, while abundance is more under the control of spatial dependency. Modelling the potential habitat of newly settled 0-group cod, based on presence/absence alone, identified temperature, salinity, bottom depth and geographic position as the core descriptors of the settlement distribution. The habitat models had fairly good predictive power on the sub-decadal scale, but were found lacking on a longer time scale. Effects of climate change may be complex, giving some species and life stages within the same species an advantage, while others suffer detrimental effects.
Additional file 2 of Defining persistent critical illness based on growth trajectories in patients with sepsis
Creators: name: Zhongheng Zhang
name: Kwok Ho
name: Hongqiu Gu
name: Yucai Hong
name: Yunsong Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: R code for the main analysis.
title: Planktonic ecosystem model in the Japan Seabased on an operational ocean forecast system
Creators: name: Watanabe, Tatsuro
name: Takayama, Katsumi
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Based on an operational ocean forecast system with data assimilation the lower trophic ecosystem model called NEMURO was applied for understanding spatial and temporal variations of primaly production and nutrients in the Japan Sea. Daily hydrodynamic data for the input of the ecosystem model were supplied from the operational ocean forecast system called JADE (JApan sea Data assimilation Experiment). As a result, our ecosystem model successfully showed seasonal variations of the vertical and horizontal distributions of nitrate, phytoplankton and zooplankton realistically.
Current correlations of Cooper-pair tunneling into a quantum Hall system
Creators: name: Michelsen, Andreas B.
name: Schmidt, Thomas L.
name: Idrisov, Edvin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Cooper pair transport through a quantum point contact between a superconductor and a quantum Hall edge state at integer and fractional filling factors. We calculate the tunnelling current and its finite-frequency noise to the leading order in the tunneling amplitude for dc and ac bias voltage in the limit of low temperatures. At zero temperature and in case of tunnelling into a single edge channel both the conductance and differential shot noise vanish as a result of Pauli exclusion principle. In contrast, in the presence of two edge channels, this Pauli blockade is softened and a non-zero conductance and shot noise are revealed.
title: Nitrogen regeneration and assimilation rates in the euphotic zone of the Southern Benguela upwelling system
Creators: name: Philibert, Raïssa
name: Clark, Darren
name: Waldron, Howard
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The ocean is the largest reservoir of carbon. Carbon export mechanisms have been described in terms of the physical and biological processes through which they are driven. The biological pump is based on the generation and export of particulate organic matter (POM) from the euphotic zone. A measure of its efficiency is the f-ratio, the proportion of new primary production over total production1,2. The usefulfess of this proxy is based on the assumption that nitrate is not regenerated in the euphotic zone and that consequently, primary production from nitrate could be separated from primary production from ammonium and urea. However, recent studies have shown that the rate of nitrification – the biologically mediated oxidation of ammonium to nitrate - in the euphotic zone can be quite significant1,2,3,4,5. In the present study, nitrate uptake and nitrification rates (ammonium and nitrite oxidation) were measured simultaneously in St-Helena Bay, which can be considered as representative of the Southern Benguela Upwelling system. The preliminary results show that nitrate regeneration can represent an important proportion of uptake during both day and night time.
Searching for a response: the intriguing mystery of Feynman's theoretical reference amplifier
Creators: name: d'Alessandro, Vincenzo
name: Daliento, Santolo
name: Di Mauro, Marco
name: Esposito, Salvatore
name: Naddeo, Adele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze Feynman's work on the response of an amplifier performed at Los Alamos and described in a technical report of 1946, as well as lectured on at the Cornell University in 1946-47 during his course on Mathematical Methods. The motivation for such a work was Feynman's involvement in the Manhattan Project, for which the necessity emerged of feeding the output pulses of counters into amplifiers or several other circuits, with the risk of introducing distortion at each step. In order to deal with such a problem, Feynman designed a theoretical "reference amplifier", thus enabling a characterization of the distortion by means of a benchmark relationship between phase and amplification for each frequency, and providing a standard tool for comparing the operation of real devices. A general theory was elaborated, from which he was able to deduce the basic features of an amplifier just from its response to a pulse or to a sine wave of definite frequency. Moreover, in order to apply such a theory to practical problems, a couple of remarkable examples were worked out, both for high-frequency cutoff amplifiers and for low-frequency ones. A special consideration deserves a mysteriously exceptional amplifier with best stability behavior introduced by Feynman, for which different physical interpretations are here envisaged. Feynman's earlier work then later flowed in the Hughes lectures on Mathematical Methods in Physics and Engineering of 1970-71, where he also remarked on causality properties of an amplifier, that is on certain relations between frequency and phase shift that a real amplifier has to satisfy in order not to allow output signals to appear before input ones. Quite interestingly, dispersion relations to be satisfied by the response function were introduced.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures