cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Isospectral Dirac operators
Creators: name: Ashrafyan, Yuri
name: Harutyunyan, Tigran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34A55, 34B30, 47E05

description: We give the description of self-adjoint regular Dirac operators, on $[0, π]$, with the same spectra.
description: 9 pages. Original text published in Electronic Journal of Qualitative Theory of Differential Equations, 2017, No. 4, pp. 1-9
Automatic Detection of GUI Design Smells: The Case of Blob Listener
Creators: name: Lelli, Valéria
name: Blouin, Arnaud
name: Baudry, Benoit
name: Coulon, Fabien
name: Beaudoux, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.3; H.5.2; D.3.3

description: Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) intensively rely on event-driven programming: widgets send GUI events, which capture users' interactions, to dedicated objects called controllers. Controllers implement several GUI listeners that handle these events to produce GUI commands. In this work, we conducted an empirical study on 13 large Java Swing open-source software systems. We study to what extent the number of GUI commands that a GUI listener can produce has an impact on the change-and fault-proneness of the GUI listener code. We identify a new type of design smell, called Blob listener that characterizes GUI listeners that can produce more than two GUI commands. We show that 21 % of the analyzed GUI controllers are Blob listeners. We propose a systematic static code analysis procedure that searches for Blob listener that we implement in InspectorGuidget. We conducted experiments on six software systems for which we manually identified 37 instances of Blob listener. InspectorGuidget successfully detected 36 Blob listeners out of 37. The results exhibit a precision of 97.37 % and a recall of 97.59 %. Finally, we propose coding practices to avoid the use of Blob listeners.
What is modified gravity and how to differentiate it from particle dark matter?
Creators: name: Calmet, Xavier
name: Kuntz, Iberê
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An obvious criterion to classify theories of modified gravity is to identify their gravitational degrees of freedom and their coupling to the metric and the matter sector. Using this simple idea, we show that any theory which depends on the curvature invariants is equivalent to general relativity in the presence of new fields that are gravitationally coupled to the energy-momentum tensor. We show that they can be shifted into a new energy-momentum tensor. There is no a priori reason to identify these new fields as gravitational degrees of freedom or matter fields. This leads to an equivalence between dark matter particles gravitationally coupled to the standard model fields and modified gravity theories designed to account for the dark matter phenomenon. Due to this ambiguity, it is impossible to differentiate experimentally between these theories and any attempt of doing so should be classified as a mere interpretation of the same phenomenon.
description: 12 pages
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Restricted Boltzmann Machines
Creators: name: Salazar, Domingos S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we analyze the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of a class of neural networks known as Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) in the context of unsupervised learning. We show how the network is described as a discrete Markov process and how the detailed balance condition and the Maxwell-Boltzmann equilibrium distribution are sufficient conditions for a complete thermodynamics description, including nonequilibrium fluctuation theorems. Numerical simulations in a fully trained RBM are performed and the heat exchange fluctuation theorem is verified with excellent agreement to the theory. We observe how the contrastive divergence functional, mostly used in unsupervised learning of RBMs, is closely related to nonequilibrium thermodynamic quantities. We also use the framework to interpret the estimation of the partition function of RBMs with the Annealed Importance Sampling method from a thermodynamics standpoint. Finally, we argue that unsupervised learning of RBMs is equivalent to a work protocol in a system driven by the laws of thermodynamics in the absence of labeled data.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Remarks on Heisenberg-Euler-type electrodynamics
Creators: name: Kruglov, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Heisenberg-Euler-type model of nonlinear electrodynamics with two parameters. Heisenberg-Euler electrodynamics is a particular case of this model. Corrections to Coulomb's law at $r\rightarrow\infty$ are obtained and energy conditions are studied. The total electrostatic energy of charged particles is finite. The charged black hole solution in the framework of nonlinear electrodynamics is investigated. We find the asymptotic of the metric and mass functions at $r\rightarrow\infty$. Corrections to the Reissner-Nordström solution are obtained.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Separation delay via hydro-acoustic control of a NACA4412 airfoil in pre-stalled conditions
Creators: name: Bodart, Julien
name: Scalo, Carlo
name: Shelekhov, Grigory
name: Joly, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed large-eddy simulations of turbulent separation control via impedance boundary conditions (IBCs) on a \nacafft airfoil in near-stalled conditions. The uncontrolled baseline flow is obtained for freestream Mach numbers of $M_\infty=0.3$, chord-Reynolds numbers $Re_c = 1.5\times10^6$ and angle of attack, $α=14^{\circ{}}$. Flow control is applied via imposition of complex IBCs using the time-domain implementation developed by Scalo, Bodart, and Lele, $\textit{Phys. Fluids} $(2015). Separation is delayed due to the enhanced mixing associated with convectively amplified spanwise-oriented Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) rollers, generated via hydro-acoustic instabilities. The latter are the result of the interaction of the wall-normal transpiration through the impedance panel and the overlying mean background shear. The result is an alteration of the coupled instability between the separating shear layer and the vortex shedding in the wake (already present in the uncontrolled baseline flow) yielding unique wake topologies associated with different intensities for the passively generated KH vortical structures. Specifically, enhancements up to +13\% in the lift coefficients have been obtained. Results show that tuning of the resonant cavities below the natural shedding frequency is required to generate KH rollers structures with a sufficiently large entrainment diameter to encompass the full extent of the separated region, thereby enhancing mixing and promoting reattachment. Overall, the results presented in this work show that the adoption of hydro-acoustically tuned resonant panels is a promising passive control technique for boundary layer separation control.
description: 54th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, AIAA SciTech, 2017
Refined Glauber model versus Faddeev calculations and experimental data for $pd$ spin observables
Creators: name: Platonova, M. N.
name: Kukulin, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-dependent observables in intermediate-energy $pd$ elastic scattering within the framework of the refined Glauber model are considered. The improvements include an account of all ten $pp$ and $pn$ helicity amplitudes at respective energies constructed on the basis of modern phase-shift analysis, accurate deuteron wave functions taken from the modern $NN$ force model and account of charge-exchange effects. Predictions of the refined diffraction model for the differential cross section and analyzing powers are compared with exact three-body Faddeev calculations and the recent experimental data. An amazingly good agreement between the results of both theoretical approaches as well as between the refined Glauber model and experiment in a wide angular range not only for differential cross section but also for vector and tensor analyzing powers has been found in the first time. Possible reasons for this agreement are discussed.
description: This submission corresponds to the preprint version of the previuosly published paper [Phys. Rev. C 81, 014004 (2010)]. Misprints found in formulas of the original paper have been corrected [see Erratum recently published in Phys. Rev. C 94, 069902 (2016)]
An investigation into repatriation for Indigenous people of Texas
Creators: name: Falcon, Maribel
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Native Americans
Repatriation
NAGPRA
Coahuiltecan people
Texas

description: Repatriation is a relevant and complex issue for today’s cultural heritage institutions. In 1990, the United States passed the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act which has set an international precedent for institutions that hold human remains, funerary objects, and items of cultural patrimony that were stolen and extracted from Indigenous communities. Throughout present-day Texas, there is a vast record of rich archaeological evidence of Indigenous people. While many believe that Native people in Texas are extinct or assimilated, there are tribes today who are descendants of the Indigenous people of the region. This research uses qualitative methods to investigate a case study of the Miakan-Garza Band of the Coahuiltecan people who are actively requesting three remains of their ancestors from the Texas Archeological Research Lab through the NAGPRA process. Through the contextualization of Texas Indian history, the representation of Native Americans and the issues and limitations of NAGPRA, this report seeks to illustrate the current status of repatriation efforts for Indigenous people of Texas.
Extreme Jet Ejections from the Black Hole X-ray Binary V404 Cygni
Creators: name: Tetarenko, A. J.
name: Sivakoff, G. R.
name: Miller-Jones, J. C. A
name: Rosolowsky, E. W.
name: Petitpas, G.
name: Gurwell, M.
name: Wouterloot, J.
name: Fender, R.
name: Heinz, S.
name: Maitra, D.
name: Markoff, S. B.
name: Migliari, S.
name: Rupen, M. P.
name: Rushton, A. P.
name: Russell, D. M.
name: Russell, T. D.
name: Sarazin, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simultaneous radio through sub-mm observations of the black hole X-ray binary (BHXB) V404 Cygni during the most active phase of its June 2015 outburst. Our $4$ hour long set of overlapping observations with the Very Large Array, the Sub-millimeter Array, and the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (SCUBA-2), covers 8 different frequency bands (including the first detection of a BHXB jet at $666 \,{\rm GHz}/450μm$), providing an unprecedented multi-frequency view of the extraordinary flaring activity seen during this period of the outburst. In particular, we detect multiple rapidly evolving flares, which reach Jy-level fluxes across all of our frequency bands. With this rich data set we performed detailed MCMC modeling of the repeated flaring events. Our custom model adapts the van der Laan synchrotron bubble model to include twin bi-polar ejections, propagating away from the black hole at bulk relativistic velocities, along a jet axis that is inclined to the line of sight. The emission predicted by our model accounts for projection effects, relativistic beaming, and the geometric time delay between the approaching and receding ejecta in each ejection event. We find that a total of 8 bi-polar, discrete jet ejection events can reproduce the emission that we observe in all of our frequency bands remarkably well. With our best fit model, we provide detailed probes of jet speed, structure, energetics, and geometry. Our analysis demonstrates the paramount importance of the mm/sub-mm bands, which offer a unique, more detailed view of the jet than can be provided by radio frequencies alone.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, Accepted to MNRAS
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 7 (127)]
Creators: name: Gaudentius De Nibia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1461
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Testament
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Gaudentius de Nibia, Sohn des Thomenus, aus Novara verfasst sein Testament.
Achievement motivation processes and the role of classroom context
Creators: name: Hagen, Anastasia Steffen, 1958-
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Motivation in education
subject: Academic achievement
subject: College student psychology
subject: Achievement motivation
subject: Performance goal orientation
subject: Self-efficacy
subject: Text anxiety
subject: Self-regulated learning
subject: Motivation in education
subject: Academic achievement
subject: College students--Psychology
subject: Self-efficacy
subject: Test anxiety

description: An integrated model of achievement motivation was proposed that included mastery and performance goal orientation, self-efficacy, test-anxiety, and self-regulated learning. There were two studies performed to evaluate this model. The purpose of the first study was to examine the ways in which the variables in the model contribute to academic achievement. The subjects in this study were college students enrolled in two introductory statistics courses. The measures were also administered at two different times over the course of the semester to test for reciprocal relationships among the variables over time. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Because the subjects in the first study were all enrolled in the same type of course, with similar course requirements and grading policies, the purpose of the second study was to determine how the relationships among the variables in the model might differ as a function of classroom context. The subjects in the second study were enrolled in one of two different College of Business Administration courses. One of the courses placed a greater emphasis on mastering the material (low competitive context), while in the other course the students competed with one another for high grades (high competitive context). The model was first solved separately for each group and then the fit of the model was compared across the two classroom contexts. The findings from the two studies indicated consistent positive relationships among mastery goal orientation, self-efficacy, and self-regulated learning. This suggests that being mastery-oriented results in higher self-efficacy and increased use of self-regulated learning strategies. Another consistent finding was that performance goals were positively related to test anxiety in both studies. This suggests that students with performance goals may also be more likely to experience higher test anxiety. Finally, the fit of the model was significantly different across the two classroom contexts, but only with respect to the relationships between mastery-goal orientation and achievement, performance-goal orientation and achievement, and self-regulated learning and achievement. These differences suggest that mastery and performance goal orientation and use of self-regulated learning strategies contribute to achievement in different ways depending on the classroom context
Continuously wavelength-tunable high harmonic generation via soliton dynamics
Creators: name: Tani, Francesco
name: Frosz, Michael H.
name: Travers, John C.
name: Russell, Philip St. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report generation of high harmonics in a gas-jet pumped by pulses self-compressed in a He-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber through the soliton effect. The gas-jet is placed directly at the fiber output. As the energy increases the ionization-induced soliton blue-shift is transferred to the high harmonics, leading to a emission bands that are continuously tunable from 17 to 45 eV.
Cylindrically symmetric models of gravitational collapse to black holes: a short review
Creators: name: Mena, Filipe C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We survey results about exact cylindrically symmetric models of gravitational collapse in General Relativity. We focus on models which result from the matching of two spacetimes having collapsing interiors which develop trapped surfaces and vaccum exteriors containing gravitational waves. We collect some theorems from the literature which help to decide a priori about eventual spacetime matchings. We revise, in more detail, some toy models which include some of the main mathematical and physical issues that arise in this context, and compute the gravitational energy flux through the matching boundary of a particular collapsing region. Along the way, we point out several interesting open problems.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Bootstrapping to the Molecular Frame with Time-domain Photoionization Interferometry
Creators: name: Marceau, Claude
name: Makhija, Varun
name: Platzer, Dominique
name: Naumov, A. Yu.
name: Corkum, P. B.
name: Stolow, Albert
name: Villeneuve, D. M.
name: Hockett, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoionization of molecular species is, essentially, a multi-path interferometer with both experimentally controllable and intrinsic molecular characteristics. In this work, XUV photoionization of impulsively aligned molecular targets ($N_2$) is used to provide a time-domain route to "complete" photoionization experiments, in which the rotational wavepacket controls the geometric part of the photoionization interferometer. The data obtained is sufficient to determine the magnitudes and phases of the ionization matrix elements for all observed channels, and to reconstruct molecular frame interferograms from lab frame measurements. In principle this methodology provides a time-domain route to complete photoionization experiments, and the molecular frame, which is generally applicable to any molecule (no prerequisites), for all energies and ionization channels.
description: Supplementary materials, including data, available at DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.4480349 (https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4480349)
A Peta-Scale Data Movement and Analysis in Data Warehouse (APSDMADW)
Creators: name: Mateen, Ahmed
name: Chaudhary, Lareab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this research paper so as to handle Information warehousing as well as online synthetic dispensation OLAP are necessary aspects of conclusion support which takes more and more turn into a focal point of the data source business.This paper offers an outline of information warehousing also OLAP systems with a highlighting on their latest necessities.All of us explain backside end tackle for extract clean-up and load information into an Data warehouse multi dimensional data model usual of OLAP frontend user tools for query and facts evaluation server extension for useful query dispensation and apparatus for metadata managing and for supervision the stockroom. Insights centered on complete data on customer actions manufactured goods act and souk performance are powerful advance and opposition in the internet gap .In this research conclude the company inspiration and the program and efficiency of servers working in a data warehouse through use of some new techniques and get better and efficient results. Data in petabyte scale. This test shows the data dropping rate in data warehouse. The locomotive is in creation at Yahoo! since 2007 and presently manages more than half a dozen peta bytes of data.
description: 5 pages
Learning Deep Visual Object Models From Noisy Web Data: How to Make it Work
Creators: name: Massouh, Nizar
name: Babiloni, Francesca
name: Tommasi, Tatiana
name: Young, Jay
name: Hawes, Nick
name: Caputo, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep networks thrive when trained on large scale data collections. This has given ImageNet a central role in the development of deep architectures for visual object classification. However, ImageNet was created during a specific period in time, and as such it is prone to aging, as well as dataset bias issues. Moving beyond fixed training datasets will lead to more robust visual systems, especially when deployed on robots in new environments which must train on the objects they encounter there. To make this possible, it is important to break free from the need for manual annotators. Recent work has begun to investigate how to use the massive amount of images available on the Web in place of manual image annotations. We contribute to this research thread with two findings: (1) a study correlating a given level of noisily labels to the expected drop in accuracy, for two deep architectures, on two different types of noise, that clearly identifies GoogLeNet as a suitable architecture for learning from Web data; (2) a recipe for the creation of Web datasets with minimal noise and maximum visual variability, based on a visual and natural language processing concept expansion strategy. By combining these two results, we obtain a method for learning powerful deep object models automatically from the Web. We confirm the effectiveness of our approach through object categorization experiments using our Web-derived version of ImageNet on a popular robot vision benchmark database, and on a lifelong object discovery task on a mobile robot.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
Fisher matrix forecasts for astrophysical tests of the stability of the fine-structure constant
Creators: name: Alves, C. S.
name: Silva, T. A.
name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
name: Leite, A. C. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Fisher Matrix analysis techniques to forecast the cosmological impact of astrophysical tests of the stability of the fine-structure constant to be carried out by the forthcoming ESPRESSO spectrograph at the VLT (due for commissioning in late 2017), as well by the planned high-resolution spectrograph (currently in Phase A) for the European Extremely Large Telescope. Assuming a fiducial model without $α$ variations, we show that ESPRESSO can improve current bounds on the Eötvös parameter---which quantifies Weak Equivalence Principle violations---by up to two orders of magnitude, leading to stronger bounds than those expected from the ongoing tests with the MICROSCOPE satellite, while constraints from the E-ELT should be competitive with those of the proposed STEP satellite. Should an $α$ variation be detected, these measurements will further constrain cosmological parameters, being particularly sensitive to the dynamics of dark energy.
description: Phys. Lett. B (in press)
Reduce The Wastage of Data During Movement in Data Warehouse
Creators: name: Mateen, Ahmed
name: Chaudhary, Lareab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this research paper so as to handle Data in warehousing as well as reduce the wastage of data and provide a better results which takes more and more turn into a focal point of the data source business. Data warehousing and on-line analytical processing (OLAP) are vital fundamentals of resolution hold, which has more and more become a focal point of the database manufacturing. Lots of marketable yield and services be at the present accessible, and the entire primary database management organization vendor nowadays have contributions in the area assessment hold up spaces some quite dissimilar necessities on record technology compare to conventional on-line transaction giving out application. This article gives a general idea of data warehousing and OLAP technologies, with the highlighting on top of their latest necessities. So tools which is used for extract, clean-up and load information into back end of a information warehouse; multidimensional data model usual of OLAP; front end client tools for querying and data analysis; server extension for proficient query processing; and tools for data managing and for administration the warehouse. In adding to survey the circumstances of the art, this article also identify a number of capable research issue, a few which are interrelated to data wastage troubles. In this paper use some new techniques to reduce the wastage of data, provide better results. In this paper take some values, put in anova table and give results through graphs which shows performance.
description: 5 pages
Probing the $ν=2/3$ fractional quantum Hall edge by momentum-resolved tunneling
Creators: name: Meier, Hendrik
name: Gefen, Yuval
name: Glazman, Leonid I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the fractional quantum Hall state with filling factor $ν=2/3$ and its edge modes continues to remain an open problem in low-dimensional condensed matter physics. Here, we suggest an experimental setting to probe the $ν=2/3$ edge by tunnel-coupling it to a $ν=1$ integer quantum Hall edge in another layer of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). In this double-layer geometry, the momentum of tunneling electrons may be boosted by an auxiliary magnetic field parallel to the two planes of 2DEGs. We evaluate the current as a function of bias voltage and the boosting magnetic field. Its threshold behavior yields information about the spectral function of the $ν=2/3$ edge, in particular about the nature of the chiral edge modes. Our theory accounts also for the effects of Coulomb interaction and disorder.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, and supplementary material (5 pages, 1 figure)
Graphs for margins of Bayesian networks
Creators: name: Evans, Robin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Directed acyclic graph (DAG) models, also called Bayesian networks, impose conditional independence constraints on a multivariate probability distribution, and are widely used in probabilistic reasoning, machine learning and causal inference. If latent variables are included in such a model, then the set of possible marginal distributions over the remaining (observed) variables is generally complex, and not represented by any DAG. Larger classes of mixed graphical models, which use multiple edge types, have been introduced to overcome this; however, these classes do not represent all the models which can arise as margins of DAGs. In this paper we show that this is because ordinary mixed graphs are fundamentally insufficiently rich to capture the variety of marginal models. We introduce a new class of hyper-graphs, called mDAGs, and a latent projection operation to obtain an mDAG from the margin of a DAG. We show that each distinct marginal of a DAG model is represented by at least one mDAG, and provide graphical results towards characterizing when two such marginal models are the same. Finally we show that mDAGs correctly capture the marginal structure of causally-interpreted DAGs under interventions on the observed variables.
Using a "Study of Studies" to help statistics students assess research findings
Creators: name: Javaid, Azka
name: Wang, Xiaofei
name: Horton, Nicholas J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62.01

description: One learning goal of the introductory statistics course is to develop the ability to make sense of research findings in published papers. The Atlantic magazine regularly publishes a feature called "Study of Studies" that summarizes multiple articles published in a particular domain. We describe a classroom activity to develop this capacity using the "Study of Studies." In this activity, students read capsule summaries of twelve research papers related to restaurants and dining that was published in April 2015. The selected papers report on topics such as how seating arrangement, server posture, plate color and size, and the use of background music relate to revenue, ambiance, and perceived food quality. The students are assigned one of the twelve papers to read and critique as part of a small group. Their group critiques are shared with the class and the instructor. A pilot study was conducted during the 2015-2016 academic year at Amherst College. Students noted that key details were not included in the published summary. They were generally skeptical of the published conclusions. The students often provided additional summarization of information from the journal articles that better describe the results. By independently assessing and comparing the original study conclusions with the capsule summary in the "Study of Studies," students can practice developing judgment and assessing the validity of statistical results.
description: in press, CHANCE
Margins of discrete Bayesian networks
Creators: name: Evans, Robin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian network models with latent variables are widely used in statistics and machine learning. In this paper we provide a complete algebraic characterization of Bayesian network models with latent variables when the observed variables are discrete and no assumption is made about the state-space of the latent variables. We show that it is algebraically equivalent to the so-called nested Markov model, meaning that the two are the same up to inequality constraints on the joint probabilities. In particular these two models have the same dimension. The nested Markov model is therefore the best possible description of the latent variable model that avoids consideration of inequalities, which are extremely complicated in general. A consequence of this is that the constraint finding algorithm of Tian and Pearl (UAI 2002, pp519-527) is complete for finding equality constraints. Latent variable models suffer from difficulties of unidentifiable parameters and non-regular asymptotics; in contrast the nested Markov model is fully identifiable, represents a curved exponential family of known dimension, and can easily be fitted using an explicit parameterization.
description: 41 pages
Short and random: Modelling the effects of (proto-)neural elongations
Creators: name: de Wiljes, Oltman O.
name: van Elburg, Ronald A. J.
name: Keijzer, Fred A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: To understand how neurons and nervous systems first evolved, we need an account of the origins of neural elongations: Why did neural elongations (axons and dendrites) first originate, such that they could become the central component of both neurons and nervous systems? Two contrasting conceptual accounts provide different answers to this question. Braitenberg's vehicles provide the iconic illustration of the dominant input-output (IO) view. Here the basic role of neural elongations is to connect sensors to effectors, both situated at different positions within the body. For this function, neural elongations are thought of as comparatively long and specific connections, which require an articulated body involving substantial developmental processes to build. Internal coordination (IC) models stress a different function for early nervous systems. Here the coordination of activity across extended parts of a multicellular body is held central, in particular for the contractions of (muscle) tissue. An IC perspective allows the hypothesis that the earliest proto-neural elongations could have been functional even when they were initially simple short and random connections, as long as they enhanced the patterning of contractile activity across a multicellular surface. The present computational study provides a proof of concept that such short and random neural elongations can play this role. While an excitable epithelium can generate basic forms of patterning for small body-configurations, adding elongations allows such patterning to scale up to larger bodies. This result supports a new, more gradual evolutionary route towards the origins of the very first full neurons and nervous systems.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, Keywords: early nervous systems, neural elongations, nervous system evolution, computational modelling, internal coordination
One-Component Regular Variation and Graphical Modeling of Extremes
Creators: name: Hitz, Adrien
name: Evans, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The problem of inferring the distribution of a random vector given that its norm is large requires modeling a homogeneous limiting density. We suggest an approach based on graphical models which is suitable for high-dimensional vectors. We introduce the notion of one-component regular variation to describe a function that is regularly varying in its first component. We extend the representation and Karamata's theorem to one-component regularly varying functions, probability distributions and densities, and explain why these results are fundamental in multivariate extreme-value theory. We then generalize Hammersley-Clifford theorem to relate asymptotic conditional independence to a factorization of the limiting density, and use it to model multivariate tails.
PHENIX results on multiparticle correlations in small systems
Creators: name: Belmont, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of 2- and 4-particle correlations in d+Au collisions at four different center-of-mass energies: 200, 62.4, 39, and 19.6 GeV. The data were collected in 2016 by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. The second Fourier coefficient $v_2$ of the particle azimuthal distributions is measured using the Q-cumulant method as a function of event multiplicity. The results give a strong indication of collective behavior down to the lowest energy.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Proceedings for QM17
Reflection positivity and invertible topological phases
Creators: name: Freed, Daniel S.
name: Hopkins, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We implement an extended version of reflection positivity (Wick-rotated unitarity) for invertible topological quantum field theories and compute the abelian group of deformation classes using stable homotopy theory. We apply these field theory considerations to lattice systems, assuming the existence and validity of low energy effective field theory approximations, and thereby produce a general formula for the group of Symmetry Protected Topological (SPT) phases in terms of Thom's bordism spectra; the only input is the dimension and symmetry group. We provide computations for fermionic systems in physically relevant dimensions. Other topics include symmetry in quantum field theories, a relativistic 10-fold way, the homotopy theory of relativistic free fermions, and a topological spin-statistics theorem.
description: 136 pages, 16 figures; minor changes/corrections in version 2; v3 major revision; v4 minor revision: corrected proof of Lemma 9.55, many small changes throughout; v5 version for publication in Geometry & Topology; v6 fixed proof of Proposition 3.13
Saitozyma ninhbinhensis Yurkov 2020, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Li, A. - H.
name: Yuan, F. - X.
name: Groenewald, M.
name: Bensch, K.
name: Yurkov, A. M.
name: Li, K.
name: Han, P. - J.
name: Guo, L. - D.
name: Aime, M. C.
name: Sampaio, J. P.
name: Jindamorakot, S.
name: Turchetti, B.
name: Inacio, J.
name: Fungsin, B.
name: Wang, Q. - M.
name: Bai, F. - Y.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Tremellomycetes
Tremellales
Trimorphomycetaceae
Saitozyma
Saitozyma ninhbinhensis

description: Saitozyma ninhbinhensis (D.T. Luong, M. Takash., Dung & Nakase) Yurkov,  comb. nov.  MycoBank MB831700.
For description see J. Gen. Appl. (Special Issue) Biotechnol.: 36 (2002).
 Holotype: VTCC 10184 (preserved in a metabolically inactive state).
 Basionym: Bullera ninhbinhensis D.T. Luong, M. Takash., Ty, Dung & Nakase, Journal of Genetics and Applications (Special Issue) Biotechnology: 36 (2002).
 Synonyms: Saitozyma ninhbinhensis D.T. Luong, M. Takash., Ty, Dung & Nakase ex Yurkov, Stud. Mycol. 81: 134 (2015), nom. inval., Art. 41.5 (Shenzhen).
description: Published as part of Li, A. - H., Yuan, F. - X., Groenewald, M., Bensch, K., Yurkov, A. M., Li, K., Han, P. - J., Guo, L. - D., Aime, M. C., Sampaio, J. P., Jindamorakot, S., Turchetti, B., Inacio, J., Fungsin, B., Wang, Q. - M. & Bai, F. - Y., 2020, Diversity and phylogeny of basidiomycetous yeasts from plant leaves and soil: Proposal of two new orders, three new families, eight new genera and one hundred and seven new species, pp. 17-140 in Studies In Mycology 96 on page 137, DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.01.002, http://zenodo.org/record/10497182
Smooth, identifiable supermodels of discrete DAG models with latent variables
Creators: name: Evans, Robin J.
name: Richardson, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide a parameterization of the discrete nested Markov model, which is a supermodel that approximates DAG models (Bayesian network models) with latent variables. Such models are widely used in causal inference and machine learning. We explicitly evaluate their dimension, show that they are curved exponential families of distributions, and fit them to data. The parameterization avoids the irregularities and unidentifiability of latent variable models. The parameters used are all fully identifiable and causally-interpretable quantities.
description: 30 pages
Flat vector bundles and analytic torsion on orbifolds
Creators: name: Shen, Shu
name: Yu, Jianqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This article is devoted to a study of flat orbifold vector bundles. We construct a bijection between the isomorphic classes of proper flat orbifold vector bundles and the equivalence classes of representations of the orbifold fundamental groups of base orbifolds. We establish a Bismut-Zhang like anomaly formula for the Ray-Singer metric on the determine line of the cohomology of a compact orbifold with coefficients in an orbifold flat vector bundle. We show that the analytic torsion of an acyclic unitary flat orbifold vector bundle is equal to the value at zero of a dynamical zeta function when the underlying orbifold is a compact locally symmetric space of the reductive type, which extends one of the results obtained by the first author for compact locally symmetric manifolds.
description: Final version. Accepted by Comm. Anal. Geom on Sep 3, 2019
Signatures of interaction-induced helical gaps in nanowire quantum point contacts
Creators: name: Heedt, S.
name: Ziani, N. Traverso
name: Crépin, F.
name: Prost, W.
name: Trellenkamp, St.
name: Schubert, J.
name: Grützmacher, D.
name: Trauzettel, B.
name: Schäpers, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-momentum locking in a semiconductor device with strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is a fundamental goal of nanoscale spintronics and an important prerequisite for the formation of Majorana bound states. Such a helical state is predicted in one-dimensional (1D) nanowires subject to strong Rashba SOC and spin-mixing, its hallmark being a characteristic reentrant behaviour in the conductance. Here, we report the first direct experimental observations of the reentrant conductance feature, which reveals the formation of a helical liquid, in the lowest 1D subband of an InAs nanowire. Surprisingly, the feature is very prominent also in the absence of magnetic fields. This behaviour suggests that exchange interaction exhibits substantial impact on transport in our device. We attribute the opening of the pseudogap to spin-flipping two-particle backscattering. The all-electric origin of the ideal helical transport bears momentous implications for topological quantum computing.
description: submitted to Nature Physics in September 2016
On the geometry of some Equivariantly related manifolds
Creators: name: Sperança, Llohann D.
name: Cavenaghi, Leonardo F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a topological procedure to obtain geometric realizations of both classical and `exotic' $G$-manifolds, such as spheres, bundles over spheres and Kervaire manifolds. As an application, we apply the process known as Cheeger deformations to produce new metrics of both positive Ricci and almost non-negative curvature on such objects.
description: 25 pages
Vanrija thermophila Kachalkin, Yurkov & Boekhout 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Li, A. - H.
name: Yuan, F. - X.
name: Groenewald, M.
name: Bensch, K.
name: Yurkov, A. M.
name: Li, K.
name: Han, P. - J.
name: Guo, L. - D.
name: Aime, M. C.
name: Sampaio, J. P.
name: Jindamorakot, S.
name: Turchetti, B.
name: Inacio, J.
name: Fungsin, B.
name: Wang, Q. - M.
name: Bai, F. - Y.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Tremellomycetes
Trichosporonales
Trichosporonaceae
Vanrija
Vanrija thermophila

description: Vanrija thermophila Vogelmann, S. Chaves & C. Hertel ex Kachalkin, Yurkov & Boekhout, sp. nov. MycoBank MB831711.
For description see Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 62(7): 1719 (2012).
 Holotype: CBS 10687 (preserved in a metabolically inactive state).
 Synonyms: Cryptococcus thermophilus Vogelmann, S. Chaves & C. Hertel, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 62(7): 1719 (2012), nom. inval., Art. 40.7 (Shenzhen).
 = Vanrija thermophila Vogelmann, S. Chaves & C. Hertel ex Kachalkin, Yurkov & Boekhout, Stud. Mycol. 81: 142 (2015), nom. inval., Art. 40.7 (Shenzhen).
description: Published as part of Li, A. - H., Yuan, F. - X., Groenewald, M., Bensch, K., Yurkov, A. M., Li, K., Han, P. - J., Guo, L. - D., Aime, M. C., Sampaio, J. P., Jindamorakot, S., Turchetti, B., Inacio, J., Fungsin, B., Wang, Q. - M. & Bai, F. - Y., 2020, Diversity and phylogeny of basidiomycetous yeasts from plant leaves and soil: Proposal of two new orders, three new families, eight new genera and one hundred and seven new species, pp. 17-140 in Studies In Mycology 96 on page 137, DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.01.002, http://zenodo.org/record/10497182
Hofstadter Butterfly Evolution in the Space of Two-Dimensional Bravais Lattices
Creators: name: Yılmaz, F.
name: Oktel, M. Ö.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2

description: The self-similar energy spectrum of a particle in a periodic potential under a magnetic field, known as the Hofstadter butterfly, is determined by the lattice geometry as well as the external field. Recent realizations of artificial gauge fields and adjustable optical lattices in cold atom experiments necessitate the consideration of these self-similar spectra for the most general two-dimensional lattice. In a previous work, we investigated the evolution of the spectrum for an experimentally realized lattice which was tuned by changing the unit cell structure but keeping the square Bravais lattice fixed. We now consider all possible Bravais lattices in two dimensions and investigate the structure of the Hofstadter butterfly as the lattice is deformed between lattices with different point symmetry groups. We model the optical lattice by a sinusoidal real space potential and obtain the tight binding model for any lattice geometry by calculating the Wannier functions. We introduce the magnetic field via Peierls substitution and numerically calculate the energy spectrum. The transition between the two most symmetric lattices, i.e. the triangular and the square lattice displays the importance of bipartite symmetry featuring deformation as well as closing of some of the major energy gaps. The transition from the square to rectangular and from the triangular to centered rectangular lattices are analyzed in terms of coupling of one-dimensional chains. We calculate the Chern numbers of the major gaps and Chern number transfer between bands during the transitions. We use gap Chern numbers to identify distinct topological regions in the space of Bravais lattices.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Symmetric groups and checker triangulated surfaces
Creators: name: Neretin, Yury A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C32, 05E45, 22F99, 55N22, 81T45

description: We consider triangulations of surfaces with edges painted three colors so that edges of each triangle have different colors. Such structures arise as Belyi data (or Grothendieck dessins d'enfant), on the other hand they enumerate pairs of permutations determined up to a common conjugation. The topic of these notes is links of such combinatorial structures with infinite symmetric groups and their representations.
description: 20p., 5 fig