cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 5 of Toward comparable relative locations between the mainshock slip and aftershocks via empirical approaches
Creators: name: Chang, Ta-Wei
name: Ide, Satoshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. The details of the slip inversion results for the 2011 $$M_{W} \;9.1$$MW9.1 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake (Japan) using EGF1 (Figure S14), EGF2 (Figure S15), EGF3 (Figure S16), and EGF4 (Figure S17). The presented figures are structured in the same manner as Fig. 2 in the main text.
Additional file 1 of Measurement properties of smartphone approaches to assess key lifestyle behaviours: protocol of a systematic review
Creators: name: Thornton, Louise
name: Osman, Bridie
name: Wescott, Annie B.
name: Sunderland, Matthew
name: Champion, Katrina
name: Green, Olivia
name: Kay-Lambkin, Frances
name: Slade, Tim
name: Nickie Newton
name: Chapman, Cath
name: Maree Teesson
name: Mills, Katherine
name: Birrell, Louise
name: Lubans, David
name: Ven, Pepijn Van De
name: Torous, John
name: Parmenter, Belinda
name: Gardner, Lauren
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA-P checklist.
Super spin chain coherent state actions and $AdS_5 \times S^5$ superstring
Creators: name: Stefanski,, B.
name: Tseytlin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a generalization of the leading-order matching of coherent state actions for semiclassical states on the super Yang-Mills and the superstring sides of the AdS/CFT duality to sectors with fermions. In particular, we discuss the $SU(1|1)$ and $SU(2|3)$ sectors containing states with angular momentum $J$ in $S^5$ and spin in $AdS_5$. On the SYM side, we start with the dilatation operator in the $SU(2|3)$ sector having super spin chain Hamiltonian interpretation and derive the corresponding coherent state action which is quartic in fermions. This action has essentially the same ``Landau-Lifshitz'' form as the action in the bosonic SU(3) sector with the target space $CP^2$ replaced by the projective superspace $CP^{2|2}$. We then attempt to relate it to the corresponding truncation of the full $AdS_5 \times S^5$ superstring action written in a light-cone gauge where it has simple quartic fermionic structure. In particular, we find that part of the superstring action describing $SU(1|1)$ sector reduces to an action of a massive two-dimensional relativistic fermion, with the expansion in the effective coupling $λ/J^2$ being equivalent to a non-relativistic expansion.
description: 33 pages, LaTeX
Macroeconomic Imbalances in the World Economy
Creators: name: Roe, Terry L.
name: Shane, Mathew
name: Heerman, Kari
name: Roe, Terry L.
name: Shane, Mathew
name: Heerman, Kari
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This paper explores the emergence of large current account imbalances in a few large countries, the factors behind the emergence, the role of those imbalances in the financial crisis of 2008-09, and the implications of achieving global balance. Imbalances reflect a country’s net savings and suggest that growth in GDP of a surplus country is partly dependent upon growth in external demand of deficit countries. Although a country can incur a surplus or deficit for ever, we suggest that the increasing surpluses of relatively large and rapidly growing countries is likely to be destabilizing to global growth in the long-run. The adjustment will likely require a surplus country, such as China, to rely more on domestic demand for growth while a deficit country, such as the U.S., may need to rely more on external demand for growth. We suggest the Eurozone imbalances are not directly linked to U.S. imbalances. There are a variety of potential causes of global imbalances including excess savings in surplus countries, the twin deficit hypothesis, the export-led growth hypothesis, and the possible miss-measurement of the U.S. current account due to repatriation of profits from U.S. owned foreign affiliates. However, whatever the combination of causes of the growing imbalances, adjustments need to be made to return to long-terms sustainable growth.
Easy winnings? The economics of carbon sequestration in agricultural soils
Creators: name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Robertson, Michael J.
name: Thamo, Tas
name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Robertson, Michael J.
name: Thamo, Tas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: APSIM
subject: Bioeconomic Modelling
subject: Carbon Farming
subject: Climate Change Mitigation
subject: MIDAS
subject: Soil Carbon Sequestration

description: Carbon sequestration in agricultural soil has been identified as a potential strategy to offset greenhouse gas emissions. Within the public debate, it has been claimed that provision of positive incentives for farmers to change their land management will result in substantial carbon sequestration in agricultural soils at a low carbon price. There is, however, little information about the costs or benefits of carbon sequestration in agricultural soils to test these claims. In this study, the cost-effectiveness of alternative land-use and land-management practices that can increase soil carbon sequestration is analysed by integrating biophysical modelling of carbon sequestration with whole-farm economic modelling. Results suggest that, for a case study model of a crop-livestock farm in the Western Australian wheatbelt, sequestering higher levels of soil carbon by changing rotations (to include longer pasture phases) incur considerable opportunity costs. Under current commodity prices, a profit-maximising farmer would require over $60 compensation for every additional tonne of CO2-e stored in soil, depending on their adoption of residue retention practices. Lower carbon prices are likely to generate only modest increases in soil carbon sequestration.
description: This paper has been published in a peer-reviewed journal as: Kragt, M.E., Pannell, D.J., Robertson, M.J. & Thamo, T. (2012) Assessing costs of soil carbon sequestration by crop-livestock farmers in Western Australia, Agricultural Systems, 112: 27-37. DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2012.06.005
Covariance of the One-Dimensional Mass Power Spectrum
Creators: name: Zhan, Hu
name: Eisenstein, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the covariance of the one-dimensional mass power spectrum along lines of sight. The covariance reveals the correlation between different modes of fluctuations in the cosmic density field and gives the sample variance error for measurements of the mass power spectrum. For Gaussian random fields, the covariance matrix is diagonal. As expected, the variance of the measured one-dimensional mass power spectrum is inversely proportional to the number of lines of sight that are sampled from each random field. The correlation between lines of sight in a single field may alter the covariance. However, lines of sight that are sampled far apart are only weakly correlated, so that they can be treated as independent samples. Using N-body simulations, we find that the covariance matrix of the one-dimensional mass power spectrum is not diagonal for the cosmic density field due to the non-Gaussianity and that the variance is much higher than that of Gaussian random fields. From the covariance, one will be able to determine the cosmic variance in the measured one-dimensional mass power spectrum as well as to estimate how many lines of sight are needed to achieve a target precision.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, MNRAS accepted
Riemannian geometry and automatic differentiation for optimization problems of quantum physics and quantum technologies
Creators: name: Luchnikov, Ilia A.
name: Krechetov, Mikhail E.
name: Filippov, Sergey N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimization with constraints is a typical problem in quantum physics and quantum information science that becomes especially challenging for high-dimensional systems and complex architectures like tensor networks. Here we use ideas of Riemannian geometry to perform optimization on manifolds of unitary and isometric matrices as well as the cone of positive-definite matrices. Combining this approach with the up-to-date computational methods of automatic differentiation, we demonstrate the efficacy of the Riemannian optimization in the study of the low-energy spectrum and eigenstates of multipartite Hamiltonians, variational search of a tensor network in the form of the multiscale entanglement-renormalization ansatz, preparation of arbitrary states (including highly entangled ones) in the circuit implementation of quantum computation, decomposition of quantum gates, and tomography of quantum states. Universality of the developed approach together with the provided open source software enable one to apply the Riemannian optimization to complex quantum architectures well beyond the listed problems, for instance, to the optimal control of noisy quantum systems.
description: 27 pages, 15 figures, a note on relevant research is added
Male survivors of sexual abuse : shame and the healing quest
Creators: name: Slakov, Paul
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of shame for male survivors of sexual abuse. Five male survivors gave voice to their experience of shame. Using a phenomenological method, semi-structured interviews were tape recorded, transcribed and analysed for themes. From this rich source of data six essential shared themes were determined. The results showed that male survivors experience strong feelings of low self-worth, as would be expected. However, the male survivors in the study also saw themselves as "abnormal", "freaks", "perverts" or "monsters". This self-characterisation points to the great isolation and stigmatisation male survivors face in their social environment. Themes included shame related to the survivor's male identity, sexual arousal at the time of abuse, and feelings of responsibility for the abuse. A l l six themes were discussed, as were implications for counselling.
Analytical soft-core potentials for macromolecular fluids and mixtures
Creators: name: Yatsenko, G.
name: Sambriski, E. J.
name: Nemirovskaya, M. A.
name: Guenza, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analytical description of polymer melts and their mixtures as liquids of interacting soft colloidal particles is obtained from liquid-state theory. The derived center-of-mass pair correlation functions with no adjustable parameters reproduce those computed from united atom molecular dynamics simulations. The coarse-grained description correctly bridges micro- and mesoscopic fluid properties. Molecular dynamics simulations of soft colloidal particles interacting through the calculated effective pair potentials are consistent with data from microscale simulations and analytical formulas.
description: 10 REVTeX4 pages, 4 PostScript figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Analysis of Theta^+ production in K^+Xe collisions
Creators: name: Sibirtsev, A.
name: Haidenbauer, J.
name: Krewald, S.
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reaction K^+Xe->K^0pX is investigated in a meson-exchange model including rescattering of the secondary protons with the aim to analyze the evidence for the Theta^+(1540) resonance reported by the DIANA collaboration. We confirm that the kinematical cuts introduced by the DIANA collaboration efficiently suppress the background to the K^+n->K^0p reaction which may contribute to the Theta^+(1540) production. We find that these kinematical cuts do not produce a narrow structure in the K^0p effective mass spectra near 1540 MeV. We study the effect of a narrow Theta^+ resonance of both positive and negative parity in comparison with the DIANA data. We show that the K^+Xe->K^0pX calculations without Theta^+ contribution as well as the results obtained with a Theta^+ width of 1 MeV are in comparably good agreement with the DIANA results. More dedicated experiments are called for to establish this exotic baryon resonance.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
INTA Chinandega Technology impact on the farm productivity of North Pacific Nicaragua, 2003-2009
Creators: name: Zúniga-González, Carlos Alberto
name: Navarrere Blanco, Santos Angel
name: Zúniga-González, Carlos Alberto
name: Navarrere Blanco, Santos Angel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Total Factor Productivity Growth
subject: Malmquist Index
subject: Data Envelopment Analysis
subject: INTA-Chinandega Technology
subject: Panel Data.

description: Abstract This paper examines total factor productivity growth impact for INTA-Chinandega Technology in 40 farms that account crop rice for a mean portion of the Nicaragua Pacific North. The estimations use data drawn from the Institutional Development Office of Pacific North NLTI and the study cover the period 2003-2009. A nonparametric programming method based on data envelopment analysis is employed to compute Malmquist productivity indexes. These are decomposed into two component measures: technical change (innovation: INTA-CHINANDEGA) and efficiency change (catching up). Moreover, the technical efficiency change calculated under the assumption of constant returns-to-scale technology can be decomposed as pure efficiency and scale efficiency change. The estimations, with panel data, include to Chinandega, Chichigalpa and El Viejo councils. The results showed that INTA Chinandega technology impacted on 5 % the mean change TFP. The cause was by the technical efficiency change more than the INTA Chinandega Technology. The TFP reach a maximum of 13 % inter annual for the El Viejo council.
description: This article is the first working paper of the Researching Center for Agricultural Sciences and Applied Economic. It is a contribution for the INTA Nicaragua.
Buoyancy and capillary effects on floating liquid lenses
Creators: name: Ravazzoli, P. D.
name: González, A. G.
name: Diez, J. A.
name: Stone, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the equilibrium shape of a liquid drop resting on top of a liquid surface, i.e., a floating lens. We consider the surface tension forces in non--wetting situations (negative spreading factor), as well as the effects of gravity. We obtain analytical expressions for the drop shape when gravity can be neglected. Perhaps surprisingly, when including gravity in the analysis, we find two different families of equilibrium solutions for the same set of physical parameters. These solutions correspond to drops whose center of mass is above or below the level of the external liquid surface. By means of energetic considerations we determine the family that has the smallest energy, and therefore is the most probable to be found in nature. A detailed explanation of the geometrical differences between the both types of solutions is provided.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
Male identity development for Canadian Chinese male immigrants
Creators: name: Ho, Koon Ming
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A qualitative research design based on Giorgi's (1975a, 1975b) phenomenological methodology was used to investigate and describe the male identity development experiences of Chinese Canadian adult male immigrants. Seven men volunteered to participate in this research study. They were recruited from university family housing and community agencies serving Chinese immigrants in the Vancouver area of Canada. Data were collected through personal interviews conducted in English that were audio taped and transcribed. The interview data yielded five common themes across the participants that described an experience of male identity development for these Canadian Chinese male immigrants. These five themes were: (1) Feeling a deep sense of responsibility, that they felt deeply responsible towards others as a husband and a father, for both the present and the future. (2) Accepting gender equity with willingness to compromise; as these Chinese Canadian immigrant men learned to balance between power and harmony in a more gender equity culture. (3) Learning to be a man by searching; as these men actively searched and developed their male identities. (4) Familial events influenced male identity development in adulthood; as they indicated that influence from their families often changed their male identities in adulthood. (5) Looking forward to personal growth; as these men often wanted more personal development and fulfillment. These five themes described a common male experience of Chinese Canadian male immigrants. They emphasized mastery of their responsibilities and roles as men. Immigration to Canada brought threats and challenges to their male identities. Both the micro-familial dynamics and the macro-societal context influenced development of their male identity. Familial interactions and events were the main reasons that influenced them to reconstruct more egalitarian male identities, while the social context set the boundary for individual choices. Their original male identities were developed through long term childhood and adolescent socialization under the strong influences of Chinese values. Yet they were searching for better definitions of male identity during adulthood in their adopted country, as their male identities were still fluid and dynamic during adulthood.
Helical polymer in cylindrical confining geometries
Creators: name: Lamura, A.
name: Burkhardt, T. W.
name: Gompper, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an algorithm for simulating equilibrium configurations, we study a fluctuating helical polymer either (i) contained in a cylindrical pore or (ii) wound around a cylindrical rod. We work in the regime where both the contour length and the persistence length of the helical polymer are much larger than the diameter of the cylinder. In case (i) we calculate the free energy of confinement and interpret it in terms of a worm-like chain in a pore with an effective diameter that depends on the parameters of the helix. In case (ii) we consider the possibility that one end of the helical polymer escapes from the rod and wanders away. The average numbers of turns at which the helix escapes or intersects the rod are measured in the simulations, as a function of the pitch $p_0$. The behavior for large and small $p_0$ is explained with simple scaling arguments.
description: 5 figures
McKean-Vlasov SDEs in nonlinear filtering
Creators: name: Pathiraja, Sahani
name: Reich, Sebastian
name: Stannat, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Various particle filters have been proposed over the last couple of decades with the common feature that the update step is governed by a type of control law. This feature makes them an attractive alternative to traditional sequential Monte Carlo which scales poorly with the state dimension due to weight degeneracy. This article proposes a unifying framework that allows to systematically derive the McKean-Vlasov representations of these filters for the discrete time and continuous time observation case, taking inspiration from the smooth approximation of the data considered in Crisan & Xiong (2010) and Clark & Crisan (2005). We consider three filters that have been proposed in the literature and use this framework to derive Itô representations of their limiting forms as the approximation parameter $δ\rightarrow 0$. All filters require the solution of a Poisson equation defined on $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, for which existence and uniqueness of solutions can be a non-trivial issue. We additionally establish conditions on the signal-observation system that ensures well-posedness of the weighted Poisson equation arising in one of the filters.
Determinants of Returns in Rural Tourism
Creators: name: Murova, Olga I.
name: Hanagriff, Roger D.
name: Murova, Olga I.
name: Hanagriff, Roger D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: advertising
subject: rural development
subject: tourism

description: The goal of this study, based on data collected through community surveys and visitors’ surveys, is to determine and analyze factors impacting returns from rural tourism. Our first model shows that age of event, median family income, and hired labor have a significant impact on the revenues collected from tourism events. Furthermore, it shows brochures and flyers to be the most effective form of advertisement. The second multivariate regression model proves that traveling greater distances, staying overnight at a hotel, and plans for visiting surrounding areas contribute positively and significantly to higher individual expenditures by tourists.
Additional file 2 of Measurement properties of smartphone approaches to assess key lifestyle behaviours: protocol of a systematic review
Creators: name: Thornton, Louise
name: Osman, Bridie
name: Wescott, Annie B.
name: Sunderland, Matthew
name: Champion, Katrina
name: Green, Olivia
name: Kay-Lambkin, Frances
name: Slade, Tim
name: Nickie Newton
name: Chapman, Cath
name: Maree Teesson
name: Mills, Katherine
name: Birrell, Louise
name: Lubans, David
name: Ven, Pepijn Van De
name: Torous, John
name: Parmenter, Belinda
name: Gardner, Lauren
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2. MEDLINE search.
Stability conditions and group actions
Creators: name: Dell, Hannah
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2024
Subjects: Bridgeland stability conditions
derived categories of sheaves
group actions on varieties
vector bundles
fusion categories
group actions on categories
Albanese morphisms

description: We study slope-stable vector bundles and Bridgeland stability conditions on varieties which are a quotient of a smooth projective variety by a finite group G acting freely. We show that there is an analytic isomorphism between rep(G)-invariant geometric stability conditions on the quotient and G-invariant geometric stability conditions on the cover. We use this to describe a connected component inside the stability manifolds of free quotients when the cover has finite Albanese morphism. This applies to varieties with non-finite Albanese morphism which are free quotients of varieties with finite Albanese morphism, such as Beauville-type and bielliptic surfaces. This gives a partial answer to a question raised by Lie Fu, Chunyi Li, and Xiaolei Zhao: If a variety X has non-finite Albanese morphism, does there always exist a non-geometric stability condition on X? We also give counterexamples to a conjecture of Fu--Li--Zhao concerning the Le Potier function, which characterises Chern classes of slope-semistable sheaves. As a result of independent interest, we give a description of the set of geometric stability conditions on an arbitrary surface in terms of a refinement of the Le Potier function. This generalises a result of Fu--Li--Zhao from Picard rank one to arbitrary Picard rank.
Marketing Promotion of Texas Agricultural Products: The Rural Dimension of the GO TEXAN Program
Creators: name: Malaga, Jaime E.
name: Xu, Bin
name: Martinez-Mejia, Pablo
name: Malaga, Jaime E.
name: Xu, Bin
name: Martinez-Mejia, Pablo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: marketing promotion
subject: rural development

description: The Texas Department of Agriculture launched the GO TEXAN marketing promotion program in 1999 to support Texas agricultural and food production. The underlying assumption is that if successful, the program would support directly or indirectly the demand for Texas agricultural production and the well-being of the state’s rural population. This research analyzes responses to an official 2008 survey sent to the GO TEXAN program beneficiaries. Overall, this study suggests that not all activities in the program have a clearly positive impact. Participation in trade shows, retail promotion and media events, and reverse trade missions seem to have a significant effect on sales increase as well as the use of the program logo on promotional items and web sites. The study also suggests that the relative impacts of event participation and uses of the program logo differ according to the group of member’s belonging, particularly when comparing the ‘‘mostly rural’’ vs. ‘‘mostly urban’’ categories. Consequently, if a state’s agricultural marketing program specifically attempts to reach producers from its ‘‘mainly rural’’ areas, an analysis may be needed to identify what specific types of promotion seem to generate the best results in those areas.
The Statistics of Supersymmetric D-brane Models
Creators: name: Blumenhagen, Ralph
name: Gmeiner, Florian
name: Honecker, Gabriele
name: Lust, Dieter
name: Weigand, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the statistics of the phenomenologically important D-brane sector of string compactifications. In particular for the class of intersecting D-brane models, we generalise methods known from number theory to determine the asymptotic statistical distribution of solutions to the tadpole cancellation conditions. Our approach allows us to compute the statistical distribution of gauge theoretic observables like the rank of the gauge group, the number of chiral generations or the probability of an SU(N) gauge factor. Concretely, we study the statistics of intersecting branes on T^2 and T^4/Z_2 and T^6/Z_2 x Z_2 orientifolds. Intriguingly, we find a statistical correlation between the rank of the gauge group and the number of chiral generations. Finally, we combine the statistics of the gauge theory sector with the statistics of the flux sector and study how distributions of gauge theoretic quantities are affected.
description: 62 pages, 31 figures, harvmac; v3: sections 3.2. + 3.7. added, figs. 7,28,29 added, figs. 24,25,26 corrected, refs. added, typos corrected
Viability of Organic Production in Rural Counties: County and State-Level Evidence from the United States
Creators: name: Kostandini, Genti
name: Mykerezi, Elton
name: Tanellari, Eftila
name: Kostandini, Genti
name: Mykerezi, Elton
name: Tanellari, Eftila
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: county
subject: organic farming
subject: rural

description: We investigate the determinants of organic farming in the United States. State-level data show that the organic farming sector has grown over the last decade, but growth has been very heterogeneous with few states accounting for most of the growth. Further analyses of county data reveal that favorable natural amenities, water for irrigation, and government payments have a positive effect on most measures of organic farming used here. Results further point out that organic farming operations are more popular among young farmers. Adjacency to metro areas is also an important determinant for the number of organic operations. Organic farming is more important for the agricultural sector of the areas that are somewhat remote but that does not appear to be the case for very remote rural areas.
Construction and evaluation of wild and mutant ofatumumab scFvs against the human CD20 antigen
Creators: name: Maleki, Reza
name: Rahimpour, Azam
name: Rajabibazl, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Several monoclonal antibodies targeting the CD20 have been produced and Ofatumumab is a case in point. Although whole antibodies target cancer cells effectively, their applications are restricted in some ways. Single-chain fragment variable antibodies, rather than employing the entire structure of antibodies, have proven a practical approach for creating completely functional antigen-binding fragments. In current research, the DNA coding sequence of VL and VH of the wild and mutant forms of ofatumumab were joined with a flexible linker (GGGGS)3 separately. Using the E. coli BL21 (DE3) expression system, the VL-linker-VH genes were cloned into the pET-28 a (+), and the associated recombinant proteins were produced. Purified and refolded scFvs (scFv-C and scFv-V3) represented a concentration of around 0.7 mg/ml from 1 L of initial E. coli culture with a molecular weight of about 27 kDa. Affinity measurement disclosed anti-CD20 scFv-V3 possesses a higher affinity constant compared to anti-CD20 scFv-C. The recombinant scFvs exclusively attach to Raji cells but not to Jurkat cells, according to a cell-ELISA analysis. The MTT test signified anti-CD20 scFvs could affect cell viability in Raji cells but had no impact on Jurkat cells and also, Raji cells viability was affected more significantly by anti-CD20 scFv-V3.
Quantum erasure using entangled surface acoustic phonons
Creators: name: Bienfait, Audrey
name: Zhong, Youpeng
name: Chang, Hung-Shen
name: Chou, Ming-Han
name: Conner, Christopher R.
name: Dumur, Étienne
name: Grebel, Joel
name: Peairs, Gregory A.
name: Povey, Rhys G.
name: Satzinger, Kevin J.
name: Cleland, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the deterministic, on-demand generation of two entangled phonons, we demonstrate a quantum eraser protocol in a phononic interferometer where the which-path information can be heralded during the interference process. Omitting the heralding step yields a clear interference pattern in the interfering half-quanta pathways; including the heralding step suppresses this pattern. If we erase the heralded information after the interference has been measured, the interference pattern is recovered, thereby implementing a delayed-choice quantum erasure. The test is implemented using a closed surface-acoustic-wave communication channel into which one superconducting qubit can emit itinerant phonons that the same or a second qubit can later re-capture. If the first qubit releases only half of a phonon, the system follows a superposition of paths during the phonon propagation: either an itinerant phonon is in the channel, or the first qubit remains in its excited state. These two paths are made to constructively or destructively interfere by changing the relative phase of the two intermediate states, resulting in a phase-dependent modulation of the first qubit's final state, following interaction with the half-phonon. A heralding mechanism is added to this construct, entangling a heralding phonon with the signalling phonon. The first qubit emits a phonon herald conditioned on the qubit being in its excited state, with no signaling phonon, and the second qubit catches this heralding phonon, storing which-path information which can either be read out, destroying the signaling phonon's self-interference, or erased.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
A Search for Radio Emission from the Young 16-ms X-ray Pulsar PSR J0537-6910
Creators: name: Crawford, F.
name: McLaughlin, M.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Romani, R.
name: Sorrelgreen, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PSR J0537-6910 is a young, energetic, rotation-powered X-ray pulsar with a spin period of 16 ms located in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We have searched for previously undetected radio pulsations (both giant and standard) from this pulsar in a 12-hour observation taken at 1400 MHz with the Parkes 64-m radio telescope. The very large value of the magnetic field at the light cylinder radius suggests that this pulsar might be emitting giant radio pulses like those seen in other pulsars with similar field strengths. No radio emission of either kind was detected from the pulsar, and we have established an upper limit of ~ 25 mJy kpc^2 for the average 1400-MHz radio luminosity of PSR J0537-6910. The 5-sigma single-pulse detection threshold was ~ 750 mJy for a single 80-us sample. These limits are likely to be the best obtainable until searches with greatly improved sensitivity can be made with next-generation radio instruments.
description: 4 pages, including 1 figure and 2 tables. Accepted for publication in Advances in Space Research; Proceedings of Session E1.4 of the 35th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Paris, July 18-25 2004, "Young Neutron Stars and Supernova Remnants", edited by C. Rakowski and S. Chatterjee
Stochastic Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Gao, Zhan
name: Isufi, Elvin
name: Ribeiro, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph neural networks (GNNs) model nonlinear representations in graph data with applications in distributed agent coordination, control, and planning among others. Current GNN architectures assume ideal scenarios and ignore link fluctuations that occur due to environment, human factors, or external attacks. In these situations, the GNN fails to address its distributed task if the topological randomness is not considered accordingly. To overcome this issue, we put forth the stochastic graph neural network (SGNN) model: a GNN where the distributed graph convolution module accounts for the random network changes. Since stochasticity brings in a new learning paradigm, we conduct a statistical analysis on the SGNN output variance to identify conditions the learned filters should satisfy for achieving robust transference to perturbed scenarios, ultimately revealing the explicit impact of random link losses. We further develop a stochastic gradient descent (SGD) based learning process for the SGNN and derive conditions on the learning rate under which this learning process converges to a stationary point. Numerical results corroborate our theoretical findings and compare the benefits of SGNN robust transference with a conventional GNN that ignores graph perturbations during learning.
Discussion: Economic Sustainability of Rural Areas
Creators: name: Constance, Douglas H.
name: Constance, Douglas H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: food
subject: organic
subject: rural development
subject: value added

description: The three articles in this invited paper session examine value-added strategies related to agriculture and food at the state and federal level designed to enhance rural development. Two of the papers dealt with the GO TEXAN program and the other with organic agriculture. All three papers were well written and interesting, but all three also shed light on the problem of using classical economic theory to interpret differentiated agriculture and food products as opposed to undifferentiated commodities.
Determination of accurate rest frequencies and hyperfine structure parameters of cyanobutadiyne, HC$_5$N
Creators: name: Giesen, Thomas F.
name: Harding, Michael E.
name: Gauss, Jürgen
name: Grabow, Jens-Uwe
name: Müller, Holger S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very accurate transition frequencies of HC$_5$N were determined between 5.3 and 21.4 GHz with a Fourier transform microwave spectrometer. The molecules were generated by passing a mixture of HC$_3$N and C$_2$H$_2$ highly diluted in neon through a discharge valve followed by supersonic expansion into the Fabry-Perot cavity of the spectrometer. The accuracies of the data permitted us to improve the experimental $^{14}$N nuclear quadrupole coupling parameter considerably and the first experimental determination of the $^{14}$N nuclear spin-rotation parameter. The transition frequencies are also well suited to determine in astronomical observations the local speed of rest velocities in molecular clouds with high fidelity. The same setup was used to study HC$_7$N, albeit with modest improvement of the experimental $^{14}$N nuclear quadrupole coupling parameter. Quantum chemical calculations were carried out to determine $^{14}$N nuclear quadrupole and spin-rotation coupling parameters of HC$_5$N, HC$_7$N, and related molecules. These calculations included evaluation of vibrational and relativistic corrections to the non-relativistic equilibrium quadrupole coupling parameters; their considerations improved the agreement between calculated and experimental values substantially.
description: 9 pages; J. Mol. Spectrosc., accepted
Variable Linear Polarization from Sagittarius A*: Evidence for a Hot Turbulent Accretion Flow
Creators: name: Bower, Geoffrey C.
name: Falcke, Heino
name: Wright, Melvyn C. H.
name: Backer, Donald C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of variability in the linear polarization from the Galactic Center black hole source, Sagittarius A*. New polarimetry obtained with the Berkeley-Illinois-Maryland Association array at a wavelength of 1.3 mm shows a position angle that differs by 28 +/- 5 degrees from observations 6 months prior and then remains stable for 15 months. This difference may be due to a change in the source emission region on a scale of 10 Schwarzschild radii or due to a change of 3 x 10^5 rad m^-2 in the rotation measure. We consider a change in the source physics unlikely, however, since we see no corresponding change in the total intensity or polarized intensity fraction. On the other hand, turbulence in the accretion region at a radius ~ 10 to 1000 R_s could readily account for the magnitude and time scale of the position angle change.
description: accepted for publication in ApJL
Average path length in uncorrelated random networks with hidden variables
Creators: name: Fronczak, Agata
name: Fronczak, Piotr
name: Holyst, Janusz A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytic solution for the average path length in a large class of uncorrelated random networks with hidden variables is found. We apply the approach to classical random graphs of Erdos and Renyi (ER), evolving networks introduced by Barabasi and Albert (BA) as well as random networks with asymptotic scale-free connectivity distributions characterized by an arbitrary scaling exponent $α>2$. Our result for $2
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; see also cond-mat/0212230 and cond-mat/0308629
Additional file 2 of Changes to aspects of ongoing randomised controlled trials with fixed designs
Creators: name: Coskinas, Xanthi
name: Simes, John
name: Schou, Manjula
name: Martin, Andrew James
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Boxplots of θ̂$$ \hat{\boldsymbol{\theta}} $$ for all 72 analysis configurations under H0 and H1.
Indirect exchange coupling between magnetic adatoms in carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Costa, A. T.
name: Kirwan, D. F.
name: Ferreira, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long range character of the exchange coupling between localized magnetic moments indirectly mediated by the conduction electrons of metallic hosts can play a significant role in determining the magnetic order of low-dimensional structures. Here we consider how this indirect coupling influences the magnetic alignment of adatoms attached to the walls of carbon nanotubes. A general expression for the indirect coupling in terms of single-particle Green functions is presented. Contrary to the general property that magnetic moments embedded in a metal display Friedel-like oscillations in their magnetic response, calculated values for the coupling across metallic zigzag nanotubes show monotonic behaviour as a function of the adatom separation. Rather than an intrinsic property, the monotonicity is shown to reflect a commensurability effect in which the coupling oscillates with periods that coincide with the lattice parameter of the nanotube host. Such a commensurability effect does not dominate the coupling across semiconducting zigzag or metallic armchair nanotubes. We argue that such a long-range character in the magnetic interaction can be used in future spintronic devices.
Quantum Algorithm for Simulating Hamiltonian Dynamics with an Off-diagonal Series Expansion
Creators: name: Kalev, Amir
name: Hen, Itay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an efficient quantum algorithm for simulating the dynamics of general Hamiltonian systems. Our technique is based on a power series expansion of the time-evolution operator in its off-diagonal terms. The expansion decouples the dynamics due to the diagonal component of the Hamiltonian from the dynamics generated by its off-diagonal part, which we encode using the linear combination of unitaries technique. Our method has an optimal dependence on the desired precision and, as we illustrate, generally requires considerably fewer resources than the current state-of-the-art. We provide an analysis of resource costs for several sample models.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures. Minor corrections included
Resilience : an examination of protective factors among at-risk youth in an educational setting
Creators: name: Jackle, Danielle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Adolescence can be a time of turmoil, and for a young person faced with adverse situations or at-risk of various adverse situations, this time can be even more difficult to be successful. How is it that some youth can overcome these adversities and lead successful lives? These youth are also known to have resilience. The present research examined the effects of protective factors on youth at-risk in an educational setting. Seventy-seven youth between the ages of 14-19 from non-mainstream educational settings completed questionnaires examining the role of perceived parenting style, academic self-efficacy, and social support on academic success. It was hypothesized that for at-risk youth who report their parents in being authoritative in their parenting style there would be a significant positive correlation between academic self-efficacy, social support and academic success. It was also hypothesized that at-risk males would score higher than at-risk females on academic self-efficacy. The final hypothesis was that at-risk females would score higher than at-risk males on social support. Through correlation analysis and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), the results indicated that at-risk youth who report their parents as being authoritative in their parenting style felt they had more people to rely on for support and felt more successful in their academic studies than at-risk youth who did not report their parents as authoritative in parenting style. The results also indicated at-risk females reported more people they could rely on for support than at-risk males. Post hoc analysis on gender differences indicated all females scored significantiy higher than all males on grade percentage, and at-risk males were significantiy more satisfied with their support than at-risk females. Other post hoc analyses are discussed, along with descriptive statistics and implications for future direction.
On the alignment of classical T Tauri stars with the magnetic field in the Taurus-Auriga molecular cloud
Creators: name: Menard, Francois
name: Duchene, Gaspard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we readdress the issue of the alignment of Classical T Tauri stars with the magnetic field in the Taurus-Auriga molecular cloud. Previous studies have claimed that the jet axis of active young stellar objects, projected in the plane of the sky, is aligned preferentially along the projected direction of the local magnetic field. We re-examine this issue in view of the numerous high angular resolution images of circumstellar disks and micro-jets now available. The images show that T Tauri stars as a group are oriented randomly with respect to the local magnetic field, contrary to previous claims. This indicates that the magnetic field may play a lesser role in the final stages of collapse of an individual prestellar core than previously envisioned. The current database also suggests that a subsample of CTTS with resolved disks but without observations of bright and extended outflows have a tendency to align perpendicularly to the magnetic field. We discuss the possibility that this may trace a less favorable topology, e.g., quadrupolar, for the magnetic field in the inner disk, resulting in a weaker collimated outflow.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (also available on our team site at http://www-laog.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr, by clicking first on 'activites" and then on "Formation Stellaire".)