Homalium (sect. Polyanthera) Warb.
Creators: name: Applequist, Wendy L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Salicaceae
Homalium

description: 8. Homalium sect. Polyanthera Warb.
in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. III(6a): 35, 36. 1893.
Lectotypus (designated here): Homalium deplanchei (Vieill.) Warb. (÷ Blackwellia deplanchei Vieill.)
Stipules axillary, free. Inflorescences racemose (to spicate) or paniculate (usually short-branched); bracts usually small or narrow, bracteoles small, at least the bracts usually persistent past anthesis. Flowers pedicellate with pedicels articulated to subsessile or sessile; perianth 5-12(-13)-merous. Sepals ligulate to linear or narrowly elliptical (ovate to lanceolate, narrowly oblong; seldom much reduced), usually modestly accrescent; calyx tube turbinate to narrowly funnelform or tubular, at least in fruit (rarely funnelform in flower), usually prominently ridged; sepal glands usually small and round, rarely broad. Petals similar in size and shape to sepals or narrowly elliptical to spatulate or oblanceolate (narrowly obovate, oblong-ovate, narrowly deltoid) and markedly longer than sepals, ascending to partly spreading (seldom nearly erect or reflexed after anthesis), usually modestly accrescent; sepals and petals usually ciliate, usually with long and/or stiff trichomes. Stamens 2-10(- 12) per petal, inserted between glands; anthers dorsifixed, broadly oblong-elliptical with oblong-elliptical locules and a large connective, the slits of dehiscence nearly parallel, or broader than long, usually very small, with subglobose locules diverging at a broad angle, slits of dehiscence often toward the apex. Upper surface of ovary conical in flower and fruit (in a few species, nearly flat and narrow, the ovary almost entirely inferior); styles 3-5(-7), free to near base. Locule of fruit much taller than broad, apex shaped like that of the ovary, pubescent at least in lower portion; seeds usually several per fruit, small, confined to apical portion of ovary.
Distribution. – Southern Asia, Malesia, Pacific to Australia.
Species included. – Homalium acuminatum Cheeseman, H. alnifolium Thwaites & F. Muell., H. aneityense Guillaumin, H. austrocaledonicum Seem., H. betulifolium Däniker, H. bracteatum Benth., H. buxifolium Däniker, H. caryophyllaceum (Zoll. & Moritz) Benth., H. celebicum Koord., H. circumpinnatum, H. dasyanthum, H. decurrens (Vieill.) Briq., H. dentrecasteauxense, H. deplanchei, H. foetidum, H. francii Guillaumin, H. guillainii (Vieill.) Briq., H. intermedium (Vieill.) Briq., H. juxtapositum Sleumer, H. kanaliense (Vieill.) Briq., H. kunstleri, H. laurifolium A.C. Sm., H. leratiorum Guillaumin, H. maneauense Craven, H. mathieuanum, H. moto H. St. John, H. moultonii, H. mouo H. St. John, H. myriandrum Merr., H. nitens Turrill, H. oblongifolium Merr., H. pallidum A.C. Sm., H. polystachyum (Vieill.) Briq., H. protectum Sleumer, H. ramosii Merr., H. rivulare (Vieill.) Briq., H. rubiginosum (Vieill.) Briq., H. rubrocostatum Sleumer, H. samarense Merr., H. schlichii Kurz, H. spathulatum Ridl., H. streimannii Craven, H. subcordatum Craven, H. tatambense Sleumer, H. taypau H. St. John, H. tongaense H. St. John, H. travancoricum Bedd. H. undulatum King, H. velutinum Craven, H. villarianum S. Vidal, H. vitiense Benth., H. whitmeeanum H. St. John.
Notes. – The original publication of Homalium sect. Polyanthera did not designate a type, and included two species, Homalium deplanchei and H. polyandrum Warb. Because H. polyandrum is now considered to be a junior synonym of H. mathieuanum (Sleumer, 1974; Lescot, 1980), H. deplanchei is preferred as type. Some species-level taxonomic problems exist in this group, perhaps especially in the Pacific island taxa most recently dealt with by St. John (1977). Whistler (2004) tentatively treats H. tongaense as a synonym of H. whitmeeanum (described from Samoa) and implies that H. taypau and H. mouo are likely to be synonymous with H. acuminatum and H. moto respectively.
description: Published as part of Applequist, Wendy L., 2016, A reconsideration of the infrageneric classification of Homalium Jacq. (Salicaceae), pp. 231-256 in Candollea 71 (2) on page 254, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5721656