cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measuring quantum relative entropy with finite-size effect
Creators: name: Hayashi, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the estimation of relative entropy $D(ρ\|σ)$ when $σ$ is known. We show that the Cramér-Rao type bound equals the relative varentropy. Our estimator attains the Cramér-Rao type bound when the dimension $d$ is fixed. It also achieves the sample complexity $O(d^2)$ when the dimension $d$ increases. This sample complexity is optimal when $σ$ is the completely mixed state. Also, it has time complexity $O(d^6 \polylog d)$. Our proposed estimator unifiedly works under both settings.
Comparative analysis of visometry results obtained with optometric chart and image projector
Creators: name: Taisiia Doktorova
name: Koskin, Sergey
name: Kovalskaya, Anastasia
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Visual acuity research is one of the major methods of visual functions estimation.
There are compared visometry results received by Golovin-Sivtsev chart and image projector at different distances using different optotypes.
70 people (140 eyes) aged 17-82 years (46,7±2,7) participated in the research: 34 males and 36 females with the visual acuity 0,01-2,0. They were divided into three groups with different visual acuity: 1.0-2.0, 0.1-0.9 and 0.01-0.09. Letter optotypes and Landolt rings were demonstrated at standard conditions using distances 1.5, 3.0 and 5.0 m. The data were averaged and compared.
Significant deviations were observed even in the case of average indexes matching. The first group had statistically reliable differences, the second didn’t have it and the third had overstatement of indicators at 1.5 and 3.0 m.
Conclusions:
Visual acuity at different distances may depend on patient refraction. Equal distances using optometric charts and image projectors in different examination rooms recommended.
The Quantomagnet theory. Step 1- New Concepts and Ideas.pdf
Creators: name: Andishe Online Germany(AOG), Research Institute
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 519999
subject: Other physical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Note: This article is also available on Zenodo under a different title — “Appearance of instinctive characteristics – Step 1: New Concepts and Ideas” (DOI: [https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15269607]). The content is identical; the title variation emphasizes a different conceptual framing of the same material.This article constitutes the introductory section of a comprehensive research study. The first installment has been published in six languages—English, French, Persian, German, Spanish, and Arabic—and is available on the official website of the Andishe Online Germany (AOG) research institute. Subsequent volumes of this study will be published in forthcoming editions.
In this paper, we outline a set of novel physical concepts related to the emergence of intrinsic properties and provide a preliminary explanation of the mechanisms underlying their operation at both the quantum and material levels.All articles published by this institute are accompanied by a formal certificate verifying authorship and origin. This certificate includes the researcher's name, the institute's name (AOG), a unique archive code, and the official publication date.
To use this article in any form, the full certificate must be cited alongside, including all these elements.
This policy only applies to publications released by the Andishe Online Germany (AOG) research institute. If you are downloading this article from a scientific platform, the specific policies of that platform apply.Thanks for your understanding.
Research Institute: Andishe Online Germany (AOG)
Uncertainty for SVBRDF Acquisition using Frequency Analysis
Creators: name: Wiersma, Ruben
name: Philip, Julien
name: Hašan, Miloš
name: Mullia, Krishna
name: Luan, Fujun
name: Eisemann, Elmar
name: Deschaintre, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper aims to quantify uncertainty for SVBRDF acquisition in multi-view captures. Under uncontrolled illumination and unstructured viewpoints, there is no guarantee that the observations contain enough information to reconstruct the appearance properties of a captured object. We study this ambiguity, or uncertainty, using entropy and accelerate the analysis by using the frequency domain, rather than the domain of incoming and outgoing viewing angles. The result is a method that computes a map of uncertainty over an entire object within a millisecond. We find that the frequency model allows us to recover SVBRDF parameters with competitive performance, that the accelerated entropy computation matches results with a physically-based path tracer, and that there is a positive correlation between error and uncertainty. We then show that the uncertainty map can be applied to improve SVBRDF acquisition using capture guidance, sharing information on the surface, and using a diffusion model to inpaint uncertain regions. Our code is available at https://github.com/rubenwiersma/svbrdf_uncertainty.
description: Project page: https://svbrdf-uncertainty.github.io
JINOYAT PROTSESSIDA EHTIYOT  CHORALARI TUSHUNCHASI, MAQSADLARI VA AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Bahodirov Oʻtkirxon Baxriddinovich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Anontatsiya. Mazkur maqolada tergovchining ehtiyot chorasini qo‘llash masalasi ilmiy nazariya nuqtai nazaridan tahlil etilgan. Muallif O‘zbekiston va boshqa xorijiy davlatlarning tergov amaliyotini ko‘rib chiqib, tergovchining ehtiyot chorasini qo‘llashdagi o‘ziga xos jihatlarini ilmiy asosda yoritgan. Jumladan, tergovchining ehtiyot choralarini to‘g‘ri tanlashi va qo‘llash jarayonlari keng tahlil qilingan hamda ilmiy-nazariy xulosalar berilgan.

Kalit so‘zlar: tergovchi, dastlabki tergov organlari, ehtiyot chorasi.
SAM: Semi-Active Mechanism for Extensible Continuum Manipulator and Real-time Hysteresis Compensation Control Algorithm
Creators: name: Park, Junhyun
name: Jang, Seonghyeok
name: Park, Myeongbo
name: Park, Hyojae
name: Yoon, Jeonghyeon
name: Hwang, Minho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cable-Driven Continuum Manipulators (CDCMs) enable scar-free procedures but face limitations in workspace and control accuracy due to hysteresis. We introduce an extensible CDCM with a Semi-active Mechanism (SAM) and develop a real-time hysteresis compensation control algorithm using a Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) based on data collected from fiducial markers and RGBD sensing. Performance validation shows the proposed controller significantly reduces hysteresis by up to 69.5% in random trajectory tracking test and approximately 26% in the box pointing task. The SAM mechanism enables access to various lesions without damaging surrounding tissues. The proposed controller with TCN-based compensation effectively predicts hysteresis behavior and minimizes position and joint angle errors in real-time, which has the potential to enhance surgical task performance.
description: 22 pages, 19 figures, 9 tables
Image-GS: Content-Adaptive Image Representation via 2D Gaussians
Creators: name: Zhang, Yunxiang
name: Li, Bingxuan
name: Kuznetsov, Alexandr
name: Jindal, Akshay
name: Diolatzis, Stavros
name: Chen, Kenneth
name: Sochenov, Anton
name: Kaplanyan, Anton
name: Sun, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural image representations have emerged as a promising approach for encoding and rendering visual data. Combined with learning-based workflows, they demonstrate impressive trade-offs between visual fidelity and memory footprint. Existing methods in this domain, however, often rely on fixed data structures that suboptimally allocate memory or compute-intensive implicit models, hindering their practicality for real-time graphics applications.
 Inspired by recent advancements in radiance field rendering, we introduce Image-GS, a content-adaptive image representation based on 2D Gaussians. Leveraging a custom differentiable renderer, Image-GS reconstructs images by adaptively allocating and progressively optimizing a group of anisotropic, colored 2D Gaussians. It achieves a favorable balance between visual fidelity and memory efficiency across a variety of stylized images frequently seen in graphics workflows, especially for those showing non-uniformly distributed features and in low-bitrate regimes. Moreover, it supports hardware-friendly rapid random access for real-time usage, requiring only 0.3K MACs to decode a pixel. Through error-guided progressive optimization, Image-GS naturally constructs a smooth level-of-detail hierarchy. We demonstrate its versatility with several applications, including texture compression, semantics-aware compression, and joint image compression and restoration.
description: ACM SIGGRAPH 2025 Conference Proceedings
ХАРЧОВА АЛЕРГІЯ ТА АТОПІЧНИЙ ДЕРМАТИТ ЯК ТРИГЕРНІ ФАКТОРИ ТЯЖКОЇ ТА ТРИВАЛОЇ РОТАВІРУСНОЇ ДІАРЕЇ У ДІТЕЙ РАННЬОГО ВІКУ
Creators: name: VOROBIOVA Natalia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: ХАРЧОВА АЛЕРГІЯ ТА АТОПІЧНИЙ ДЕРМАТИТ ЯК ТРИГЕРНІ ФАКТОРИ ТЯЖКОЇ ТА ТРИВАЛОЇ РОТАВІРУСНОЇ ДІАРЕЇ У ДІТЕЙ РАННЬОГО ВІКУ Пищевая аллергия и атопический дерматит как триггерные факторы тяжелой и длительной ротавирусной диареи у детей раннего возраста ВОРОБЙОВА НАТАЛІЯ  Запорізький державний медичний університет (м. Запоріжжя), аспірантка кафедри дитячих інфекційних хвороб
Hilali conjecture and complex algebraic varieties
Creators: name: Yokura, Shoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A simply connected topological space is called \emph{rationally elliptic} if the rank of its total homotopy group and its total (co)homology group are both finite. A well-known Hilali conjecture claims that for a rationally elliptic space its homotopy rank \emph{does not exceed} its (co)homology rank. In this paper, after recalling some well-known fundamental properties of a rationally elliptic space and giving some important examples of rationally elliptic spaces and rationally elliptic singular complex algebraic varieties for which the Hilali conjecture holds, we give some revised formulas and some conjectures. We also discuss some topics such as mixd Hodge polynomials defined via mixed Hodge structures on cohomology group and the dual of the homotopy group, related to the ``Hilali conjecture \emph{modulo product}", which is an inequality between the usual homological Poincaré polynomial and the homotopical Poincaré polynomial.
description: Any comments are welcome. To appear in The Asian Journal of Mathematics
Supplementary document for Non-resonant lasing in a deep-hole scattering cavity - 6148639.pdf
Creators: name: Oh, ChulMin
name: Lee, KyeoReh
name: Park, YongKeun
name: Jin, Ho
name: Kim, D. K.
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Information
Scalar Function Topology Divergence: Comparing Topology of 3D Objects
Creators: name: Trofimov, Ilya
name: Voronkova, Daria
name: Tulchinskii, Eduard
name: Burnaev, Evgeny
name: Barannikov, Serguei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a new topological tool for computer vision - Scalar Function Topology Divergence (SFTD), which measures the dissimilarity of multi-scale topology between sublevel sets of two functions having a common domain. Functions can be defined on an undirected graph or Euclidean space of any dimensionality. Most of the existing methods for comparing topology are based on Wasserstein distance between persistence barcodes and they don't take into account the localization of topological features. The minimization of SFTD ensures that the corresponding topological features of scalar functions are located in the same places. The proposed tool provides useful visualizations depicting areas where functions have topological dissimilarities. We provide applications of the proposed method to 3D computer vision. In particular, experiments demonstrate that SFTD as an additional loss improves the reconstruction of cellular 3D shapes from 2D fluorescence microscopy images, and helps to identify topological errors in 3D segmentation. Additionally, we show that SFTD outperforms Betti matching loss in 2D segmentation problems.
Taming spin susceptibilities in frustrated quantum magnets: Mean-field form and approximate nature of the quantum-to-classical correspondence
Creators: name: Schneider, Benedikt
name: Sbierski, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In frustrated magnetism, the empirically found quantum-to-classical correspondence (QCC) matches the real-space static susceptibility pattern of a quantum spin-$1/2$ model with its classical counterpart computed at a certain elevated temperature. This puzzling relation was observed via bold line diagrammatic Monte Carlo simulations in dimensions two and three. The matching was within error bars and seemed valid down to the lowest accessible temperatures $T$ about an order of magnitude smaller than the exchange coupling $J$. Here, we employ resummed spin diagrammatic perturbation theory to show analytically that the QCC breaks weakly at fourth order in $J/T$ and provide the approximate mapping between classical and quantum temperatures. Our treatment further reveals that QCC is an indication of the surprising accuracy with which static correlators can be approximated by a simple renormalized mean-field form. We illustrate this for all models discussed in the context of QCC so far, including a recent example of the $S=1$ material $\mathrm{K}_2\mathrm{Ni}_2(\mathrm{SO}_4)_3$. The success of the mean-field form is traced back to partial diagrammatic cancellations.
description: 6 pages + 2 pages End Matter, 5 figures, minor changes
Dilaton-induced variations in Planck constant and speed of light: An alternative to Dark Energy
Creators: name: Nguyen, Hoang Ky
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reveal a novel aspect of scale-invariant actions that allow matter to couple with a dilaton field: $\,$The dynamics of the dilaton can induce variations in the Planck constant $\hbar$ and speed of light $c$. $\,$Our mechanism for generating variable $\hbar$ and $c$ in $\textit{curved}$ spacetimes via the dilaton offers a viable alternative account for late-time cosmic acceleration, bypassing the need for dark energy.
description: To appear in Physics Letters B. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2408.02583
A Theory-based Psychoeducational Video Designed to Increase Knowledge About Boredom
Creators: Parker, Patti C.
Tze, Virginia M. C.
Daniels, Lia M.
Sukovieff, Alyse
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Across postsecondary settings, boredom is a common emotion and can be harmful for achievement striving and motivation. We draw on two theories—Control Value Theory (CVT) and the Components Process Model of Emotions (CPM)—which cover important dimensions of boredom experienced by students. Our study used a novel application of a psychoeducational boredom video incorporating CVT and CPM as the first phase of a boredom-specific intervention called BIT (boredom intervention training). We examined: the efficacy of the video to increase students’ (N=85) knowledge about boredom as a scholarly construct, whether students learned something novel and expressed interest in the session. Repeated measures analyses tested changes in students’ knowledge after viewing the video. Our results showed students indicated more knowledge about boredom post-session, 93% learned something new, and 88% were interested to return for future sessions. Although a first step, our study reveals a psychoeducational video that teaches about boredom can be an effective approach. Given that boredom is a familiar experience in university, the findings suggest students improved their understanding of the construct above their own personal experience of it. This phase can assist students in identifying specific components that give rise to boredom in various settings; and the video could be implemented into courses for educational initiatives to support students. Publication based on this work can be found at: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111712
3-011-EulerBallThrowing-ModelingScenario
Creators: name: McCarthy, Chris
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2022

description: If a tennis ball is thrown through the air it will hit the ground due to gravity. Using Euler's method, write a short script (Python, Matlab, R, etc.) to find the trajectory of the ball which will maximize the distance the ball lands from the thrower.
Unraveling the magnetic ground-state in alkali-metal lanthanide oxide Na$_2$PrO$_3$
Creators: name: Onuorah, Ifeanyi John
name: Frassineti, Jonathan
name: Wang, Qiaochu
name: Isah, Muhammad Maikudi
name: Bonfa, Pietro
name: Rau, Jeffrey G.
name: Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.
name: Kolesnikov, A. I.
name: Mitrovic, Vesna F.
name: Sanna, Samuele
name: Plumb, Kemp W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive set of muon spin spectroscopy and neutron scattering measurements supported by ab-initio and model Hamiltonian simulations have been used to investigate the magnetic ground state of Na$_2$PrO$_3$. $μ$SR reveals Néel antiferromagnetic order below $T_{\rm N}\! \sim\! 4.9$ K, with a small static magnetic moment $m_{\rm static}\!\leq \! 0.22$~$μ_{\rm B}/{\rm Pr}$ collinearly aligned along the $c-$axis. Inelastic neutron measurements reveal the full spectrum of crystal field excitations and confirm that the Pr$^{4+}$ ground state wave function deviates significantly from the $Γ_7$ limit relevant to the Kitaev model. Single and two magnon excitations are observed in the ordered state below $T_N=4.6$ K and are well described by non-linear spin wave theory from the Néel state using a magnetic Hamiltonian with Heisenberg exchange $J=1$ meV and symmetric anisotropic exchange $Γ/J=0.1$, corresponding to an XY model. Intense two magnon excitations are accounted for by $g$-factor anisotropy $g_\mathrm{z}/g_\pm = 1.29$. A fluctuating moment $δm^2 = 0.57(22)$ $μ_{\rm B}^2/{\rm Pr}$ extracted from the energy and momentum integrated inelastic neutron signal is reduced from expectations for a local $J=1/2$ moment with average $g$-factor $g_{\rm avg}\approx 1.1$. Together, the results demonstrate that the small moment in Na$_2$PrO$_3$ arises from crystal field and covalency effects and that the material does not exhibit significant quantum fluctuations..
The Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background from Primordial Gravitational Atoms
Creators: name: Kang, Zhaofeng
name: Li, Tianjun
name: Ye, Weitao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scenario of primordial gravitational atoms (PGAs), which may exist in the current and past universe due to spinning primordial black holes (PBHs) and very light bosonic fields. In a monochromatic mass scenario with a sizable dimensionless spin, which may arise in a short matter dominated (MD) era, we analyze the resulting stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) signal. Its spectrum is approximately characterized by a rising $\propto f^3$ followed by a falling $\propto f^{-1}$ where $f$ is the frequency. Then, we investigate the constraints and prospects of such a SGWB, and find that PGAs with a core mass $M_{\rm BH}\sim {\cal O}(10)~M_{\odot}$ and a cloud of light scalar with mass $μ\sim {\cal O} (10^{-13})$ eV could yield constraints even stronger than those from bare PBHs. Future detectors such as LISA, Taiji and TianQin are able to explore PGAs over a narrow and elongated strap in the $(μ,M_{\rm BH})$ plane, spanning over 10 orders of magnitude for the maximum spin, $10^{-8}~M_{\odot}\lesssim M_{\rm BH}\lesssim 10^4~M_{\odot}$, $10^{-16}~{\rm eV}\lesssim μ\lesssim 10^{-3}~\rm eV$. If the PGA is dressed with a vector cloud, the SGWB signal has a much better opportunity to be probed.
title: „Optimierter Einsatz von Pulveraktivkohle und Ultrafiltration als 4. Reinigungsstufe“ UF/PAK 4.0: Untersuchungen im Labor- und Pilotmaßstab - Abschlussbericht
Creators: name: Panglisch, Stefan
name: Hoffmann, Grit
name: Antakyali, Demet
name: Jagemann, Peter
name: Universität Duisburg-Essen. Lehrstuhl Für Mechanische Verfahrenstechnik / Wassertechnik
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Mikroschadstoffe gelangen bspw. durch die Einnahme und Ausscheidung von Arzneimitteln, die Nutzung von Kosmetik- und Reinigungsprodukten, durch die Landwirtschaft sowie die Industrie, aber auch durch niederschlagsbedingte Abspülungen von Straßen und Häusern in das Abwasser. In konventionellen kommunalen Kläranlagen werden einige dieser Mikroschadstoffe nicht oder nur teilweise in der biologischen Abwasserbehandlung abgebaut und gelangen über den Kläranlagenablauf dann in die Gewässer. Im Sinne der EU-Wasserrahmenrichtlinie sollte der Vorsorgegedanke beachtet werden, um dem Qualitätsanspruch an unsere Gewässer gerecht zu werden. In Nordrhein-Westfalen wird dazu ein sogenanntes Multibarrierenkonzept verfolgt, bei dem neben der Vermeidung und Verminderung von Mikroschadstoffen bei der Herstellung und Anwendung auch nachgeschaltete Maßnahmen auf Kläranlagen Beachtung finden. Zur Elimination der Mikroschadstoffe in kommunalen Kläranlagen werden derzeit die Verfahren der oxidativen und adsorptiven Behandlung großtechnisch erprobt. In Deutschland, insbesondere in Baden-Württemberg und Nordrhein-Westfalen sind bereits Anlagen zur Mikroschadstoffelimination mit Pulveraktivkohle (PAK) im Einsatz. Diese nutzen zur Abtrennung der PAK vorwiegend mechanische Verfahren wie Sedimentationsbecken sowie Filtrationsanlagen. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes „Optimierter Einsatz von Pulveraktivkohle und Ultrafiltration als 4. Reinigungsstufe“, das vom Lehrstuhl für Mechanische Verfahrenstechnik/Wassertechnik (MVT/WT) der Universität Duisburg-Essen gemeinsam mit den Projektpartnern Sweco GmbH und der Emschergenossenschaft (EG) durchgeführt wurde, sollte die Leistungsfähigkeit des hybriden Prozesses hinsichtlich der Mikroschadstoffelimination, der weitergehenden Elimi-nation von CSB (chemischer Sauerstoffbedarf) und Phosphor untersucht und die Wirtschaftlich-keit der Verfahrenskombination bewertet werden. Das Projekt dient damit der Weiterentwicklung des Stands der Technik im Bereich der Abwasserbehandlung und trägt maßgeblich dazu bei, Konzepte für die nachhaltige Qualität des gereinigten Abwassers und die Gewässerqualität nachhaltig zu verbessern.
Sampling from mixture distributions based on regime-switching diffusions
Creators: name: Tretyakov, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C30, 60H35, 60H10, 37H10

description: It is proposed to use stochastic differential equations with state-dependent switching rates (SDEwS) for sampling from finite mixture distributions. An Euler scheme with constant time step for SDEwS is considered. It is shown that the scheme converges with order one in weak sense and also in the ergodic limit. Numerical experiments illustrate the use of SDEwS for sampling from mixture distributions and confirm the theoretical results.
description: accepted by SIAM J. Sci. Comp
Pauli path simulations of noisy quantum circuits beyond average case
Creators: name: González-García, Guillermo
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
name: Trivedi, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For random quantum circuits on $n$ qubits of depth $Θ(\log n)$ with depolarizing noise, the task of sampling from the output state can be efficiently performed classically using a Pauli path method [Aharonov et al. Proceedings of the 55th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing. 2023] . This paper aims to study the performance of this method beyond random circuits. We first consider the classical simulation of local observables in circuits composed of Clifford and T gates $\unicode{x2013}$ going beyond the average case analysis, we derive sufficient conditions for simulatability in terms of the noise rate and the fraction of gates that are T gates, and show that if noise is introduced at a faster rate than T gates, the simulation becomes classically easy. As an application of this result, we study 2D QAOA circuits that attempt to find low-energy states of classical Ising models on general graphs. There, our results shows that for hard instances of the problem, which correspond to Ising model's graph being geometrically non-local, a QAOA algorithm mapped to a geometrically local circuit architecture using SWAP gates does not have any asymptotic advantage over classical algorithms if depolarized at a constant rate. Finally, we illustrate instances where the Pauli path method fails to give the correct result, and also initiate a study of the trade-off between fragility to noise and classical complexity of simulating a given quantum circuit.
description: 36 pages, 4 figures
Pulling order back from the brink of disorder: Observation of a nodal line spin liquid and fluctuation stabilized order in K$_2$IrCl$_6$
Creators: name: Wang, Qiaochu
name: de la Torre, Alberto
name: Rodriguez-Rivera, Jose A.
name: Podlesnyak, Andrey A.
name: Tian, Wei
name: Aczel, Adam A.
name: Matsuda, Masaaki
name: Ryan, Philip J.
name: Kim, Jong-Woo
name: Rau, Jeffrey G.
name: Plumb, Kemp W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Competing interactions in frustrated magnets can give rise to highly degenerate ground states from which correlated liquid-like states of matter often emerge. The scaling of this degeneracy influences the ultimate ground state, with extensive degeneracies potentially yielding quantum spin liquids, while sub-extensive or smaller degeneracies yield static orders. A longstanding problem is to understand how ordered states precipitate from this degenerate manifold and what echoes of the degeneracy survive ordering. Here, we use neutron scattering to experimentally demonstrate a new "nodal line" spin liquid, where spins collectively fluctuate within a sub-extensive manifold spanning one-dimensional lines in reciprocal space. Realized in the spin-orbit coupled, face-centered cubic iridate K$_2$IrCl$_6$, we show that the sub-extensive degeneracy is robust, but remains susceptible to fluctuations or longer range interactions which cooperate to select a magnetic order at low temperatures. Proximity to the nodal line spin liquid influences the ordered state, enhancing the effects of quantum fluctuations and stabilizing it through the opening of a large spin-wave gap. Our results demonstrate quantum fluctuations can act counter-intuitively in frustrated materials: instead of destabilizing ordering, at the brink of the nodal spin liquid they can act to stabilize it and dictate its low-energy physics.
description: Main article: 9 pages, 3 figures. Supplemental material: 22 pages, 15 figures
D5.1 Impact Master Plan
Creators: name: Carro, Raquel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document provides a detailed overview of NGI Sargasso's communication,

dissemination, and exploitation strategy, essential components of any successful Horizon

Europe funded project, and defines the objectives, priorities, and potential implementation

strategies to achieve all desired outcomes. Additionally, NGI Sargasso's Impact Master Plan

outlines the resources, methods, and platforms to use in order to successfully disseminate

project activities, successes, and quantifiable results to targeted audiences, serving as the

basis for the market adoption of the NGI Sargasso’s funded solutions and innovations.
SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility and ACE2 Gene Variations Within Diverse Ethnic Backgrounds.
Creators: name: Vadgama, Nirmal
name: Kreymerman, Alexander
name: Campbell, Jackie
name: Shamardina, Olga
name: Brugger, Christiane
name: Research Consortium, Genomics England
name: Deaconescu, Alexandra M
name: Lee, Richard T
name: Penkett, Christopher J
name: Gifford, Casey A
name: Mercola, Mark
name: Nasir, Jamal
name: Karakikes, Ioannis
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: COVID-19
subject: ACE2
subject: variants
subject: eQTLs
subject: genetics

description: There is considerable variability in the susceptibility and progression for COVID-19 and it appears to be strongly correlated with age, gender, ethnicity and pre-existing health conditions. However, to our knowledge, cohort studies of COVID-19 in clinically vulnerable groups are lacking. Host genetics has also emerged as a major risk factor for COVID-19, and variation in the ACE2 receptor, which facilitates entry of the SARS-CoV-2 virus into the cell, has become a major focus of attention. Thus, we interrogated an ethnically diverse cohort of National Health Service (NHS) patients in the United Kingdom (United Kingdom) to assess the association between variants in the ACE2 locus and COVID-19 risk. We analysed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data of 1,837 cases who were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, and 37,207 controls who were not tested, from the UK's 100,000 Genomes Project (100KGP) for the presence of ACE2 coding variants and extract expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs). We identified a splice site variant (rs2285666) associated with increased ACE2 expression with an overrepresentation in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients relative to 100KGP controls (p = 0.015), and in hospitalised European patients relative to outpatients in intra-ethnic comparisons (p = 0.029). We also compared the prevalence of 288 eQTLs, of which 23 were enriched in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. The eQTL rs12006793 had the largest effect size (d = 0.91), which decreases ACE2 expression and is more prevalent in controls, thus potentially reducing the risk of COVID-19. We identified three novel nonsynonymous variants predicted to alter ACE2 function, and showed that three variants (p.K26R, p. H378R, p. Y515N) alter receptor affinity for the viral Spike (S) protein. Variant p. N720D, more prevalent in the European population (p < 0.001), potentially increases viral entry by affecting the ACE2-TMPRSS2 complex. The spectrum of genetic variants in ACE2 may inform risk stratification of COVID-19 patients and could partially explain the differences in disease susceptibility and severity among different ethnic groups.
Fine-tuning Microporosity of Crystalline Vanadomolybdate Frameworks for Selective Adsorptive Separation of Kr from Xe
Creators: name: Akter, Suchona
name: Li, Yong
name: Kim, Minbum
name: Faruque, Md Omar
name: Peng, Zhonghua
name: Thallapally, Praveen K.
name: Momeni, Mohammad R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Selective adsorptive capture and separation of chemically inert Kr and Xe noble gases with very low ppmv concentrations in air and industrial off-gases constitute an important technological challenge. Here, using a synergistic combination of experiment and theory, the microporous crystalline vanadomolybdates (MoVOx) as highly selective Kr sorbents are studied in detail. By varying the Mo/V ratios, we show for the first time that their one-dimensional pores can be fine-tuned for the size-selective adsorption of Kr over the larger Xe with selectivities reaching >100. Using extensive electronic structure calculations and grand canonical Monte-Carlo simulations, the competition between Kr uptake with CO2 and N2 was also investigated. As most materials reported so far are selective toward the larger, more polarizable Xe than Kr, this work constitutes an important step toward robust Kr-selective sorbent materials. This work highlights the potential use of porous crystalline transition metal oxides as energy-efficient and selective noble gas capture sorbents for industrial applications.
WikiPathways allows curation, visualization and analysis of biological pathways
Creators: name: Kutmon, Martina
name: Riutta, Anders
name: Hanspers, Kristina
name: Anwesha Bohler
name: Pico, Alex
name: Evelo, Chris
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: WikiPathways is a wiki-based, community curated pathway database. It is an open, collaborative platform dedicated to the curation of biological pathways. Pathways have also become immensely useful for computational analysis and interpretation of largescale experimental data when properly modeled.
Plasmonic Time Crystals
Creators: name: Feinberg, Joshua
name: Fernandes, David E.
name: Shapiro, Boris
name: Silveirinha, Mario G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study plasmonic time crystals, an extension of dielectric-based photonic time crystals to plasmonic media. Remarkably, we demonstrate that such systems may amplify both longitudinal and transverse modes. In particular, we show that plasmonic time crystals support \emph{collective resonances} of longitudinal modes, which occur independently of the wave vector $k$, even in the presence of significant dissipation. These resonances originate from the coupling between the positive- and negative-frequency branches of the plasmonic dispersion relation of the unmodulated system and from the divergence of the density of states near the plasma ($\varepsilon$-near zero) frequency $ω_p$. The strongest resonance arises at a modulation frequency $Ω= 2 ω_p$, corresponding to a direct interband transition. We demonstrate these resonances for various periodic modulation profiles and provide a generic perturbative formula for resonance widths in the weak modulation limit. Furthermore, we propose transparent conducting oxides as promising platforms for realizing plasmonic time crystals, as they enable significant modulation of the electron effective mass while maintaining moderate dissipation levels. Our findings provide new insights into leveraging time-modulated plasmonic media to enhance optical gain and control wave dynamics at the nanoscale.
description: main text (7pp, 2 figures) + supplementary material (10pp + 3 figures. Introduced a new method of time modulation by optical pumping. New discussion of longitudinal plasmons in terms of the displacement vector field. No change in results and conclusions
Substrate stabilization of Jahn-Teller distortion in a single molecule
Creators: name: Frankerl, Moritz
name: Patera, Laerte L.
name: Giselbrecht, Felix
name: Frederiksen, Thomas
name: Repp, Jascha
name: Donarini, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge-state transitions of a single Cu-phthalocyanine molecule adsorbed on an insulating layer of NaCl on Cu(111) are probed by means of alternate charging scanning tunneling microscopy. Real-space imaging of the electronic transitions reveals the Jahn-Teller distortion occurring upon formation of the first and second anionic charge states. The experimental findings are rationalized by a theoretical many-body model which highlights the crucial role played by the substrate. The latter enhances and stabilizes the intrinsic Jahn-Teller distortion of the negatively charged molecule hosting a degenerate pair of single-particle frontier orbitals. Consequently, two excess electrons are found to occupy, in the ground state, the same localized orbital, despite a larger Coulomb repulsion than the one for the competing delocalized electronic configuration. Control over the charging sequence by varying the applied bias voltage is also predicted.
Simulating Vibrationally-Resolved X-ray Photoelectron Spectra of Flexible Molecules: Linear Alkanes C$_{n}$H$_{2n+2}$ ($n$=1-8)
Creators: name: Cheng, Xiao
name: Wei, Minrui
name: Tian, Guangjun
name: Hua, Weijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We integrated full core-hole density functional theory with Franck-Condon calculations, considering Duschinsky rotation, to simulate vibrationally-resolved C1s X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) of eight linear alkanes, from methane to octane (C$_{n}$H$_{2n+2}$, $n$=1--8). Results align excellently with experimental absolute binding energies and profiles. The spectrum of ethane serves as a ``spectral seed'', with each longer alkane's atom-specific spectrum displaying similar characteristics, albeit with shifts and slight intensity adjustments. Detailed assignments clarify the distinct spectra in short alkanes ($n$=1--4) and their stabilization in long alkanes ($n$=5--8). Carbons are classified as central or distal (C$_1$ and C$_2$), with central carbons contributing nearly identically to the lowest-energy feature A, while distal carbons contribute to the second lowest-energy feature B (both are 0-0 transitions). Increasing molecule size adds more central carbons, enhancing feature A and weakening feature B. Our analysis identifies two dominant Franck-Condon-active vibrations: C$^*$--H stretching ($\sim$3400-3500 cm$^{-1}$) and bending ($\sim$1400-1500 cm$^{-1}$) modes. Structural analysis shows that core ionization minimally affects alkane geometry, less than in ring compounds from previous studies. This work extends our protocol from rigid ring compounds to flexible molecules, contributing to building a high-resolution theoretical XPS library and enhancing the understanding of vibronic coupling.
description: 7 figs
Optimally Fast Qubit Reset
Creators: name: Liu, Yue
name: Huang, Chenlong
name: Zhang, Xingyu
name: He, Dahai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In practice, qubit reset must be operated in an extremely short time, which incurs a thermodynamic cost within multiple orders of magnitude above the Landauer bound. We present a general framework to determine the minimal thermodynamic cost and the optimal protocol for arbitrary resetting speeds. Our study reveals the divergent behavior of minimal entropy production in the short-time limit depends on the convergence and divergence of the jump operators. For the convergent class, an inherent trade-off exists between the minimal required time and the set error probability, which hinders the Moore's law continuing in such cases. Moreover, we find the optimal protocol exhibits the similarity in the fast-driving regime for different times. To demonstrate our findings, we empoly fermionic and bosonic baths as examples. Our results suggest that the super-Ohmic bosonic heat bath is a suitable choice for qubit reset.
A Superconducting Levitated Detector of Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Carney, Daniel
name: Higgins, Gerard
name: Marocco, Giacomo
name: Wentzel, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A magnetically levitated mass couples to gravity and can act as an effective gravitational wave detector. We show that a superconducting sphere levitated in a quadrupolar magnetic field, when excited by a gravitational wave, will produce magnetic field fluctuations that can be read out using a flux tunable microwave resonator. With a readout operating at the standard quantum limit, such a system could achieve broadband strain noise sensitivity of $h \lesssim 10^{-19}/\sqrt{\rm Hz}$ for frequencies of $10~\mathrm{kHz}~-~1~\mathrm{MHz}$, opening new corridors for astrophysical probes of new physics.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 10 pages of appendices
Measurement-Based Long-Range Entangling Gates in Constant Depth
Creators: name: Bäumer, Elisa
name: Woerner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The depth of quantum circuits is a critical factor when running them on state-of-the-art quantum devices due to their limited coherence times. Reducing circuit depth decreases noise in near-term quantum computations and reduces overall computation time, thus, also benefiting fault-tolerant quantum computations. Here, we show how to reduce the depth of quantum sub-routines that typically scale linearly with the number of qubits, such as quantum fan-out and long-range CNOT gates, to a constant depth using mid-circuit measurements and feed-forward operations, while only requiring a 1D line topology. We compare our protocols with existing ones to highlight their advantages. Additionally, we verify the feasibility by implementing the measurement-based quantum fan-out gate and long-range CNOT gate on real quantum hardware, demonstrating significant improvements over their unitary implementations.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures (main text) + 5 pages, 7 figures (appendix)
A commitment to change : Downtown Community Health Clinic's Chronic Disease Management Model
Creators: name: Buskard, Verity
name: Laing, Jennifer
name: LeFort, Camille
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: The first purpose of this report is to highlight what we have learned through our research and collaboration with the Downtown Community Health Center (DCHC). Secondly, we will outline a user-friendly clinic-specific chronic disease management (CDM) model that we have adapted for use at DCHC. This model is intended to standardize chronic disease related quality improvement initiatives at DCHC thereby improving care processes, outcomes and reducing cost. This same model has the added benefit of being adaptable for use by clinicians at a patient level.Running Head: A commitment to change [A corresponding Downtown Community Health Clinic presentation by the same authors listed above is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44142].
Improving Whisper's Recognition Performance for Under-Represented Language Kazakh Leveraging Unpaired Speech and Text
Creators: name: Li, Jinpeng
name: Pu, Yu
name: Sun, Qi
name: Zhang, Wei-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Whisper and other large-scale automatic speech recognition models have made significant progress in performance. However, their performance on many low-resource languages, such as Kazakh, is not satisfactory. It is worth researching how to utilize low-cost data to improve the performance of Whisper on under-represented languages. In this study, we utilized easily accessible unpaired speech and text data and combined the language model GPT with Whisper on Kazakh. We implemented end of transcript (EOT) judgment modification and hallucination penalty to improve the performance of speech recognition. Further, we employed the decoding average token log probability as a criterion to select samples from unlabeled speech data and used pseudo-labeled data to fine-tune the model to further improve its performance. Ultimately, we achieved more than 10\% absolute WER reduction in multiple experiments, and the whole process has the potential to be generalized to other under-represented languages.
description: Accepted by INTERSPEECH 2024;Minor typo correction
Promoting Anti-Rape Attitudes in Young Men through the Repetition-Induced Truth Effect
Creators: name: Schapansky, Evelyn
name: Roets, Arne
name: De keersmaecker, Jonas
name: Vandeviver, Christophe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The repetition-induced truth effect (RITE) refers to the robust observation that repeated statements are more likely to be believed than new ones. We propose that this mechanism can be used to promote anti-rape attitudes.We conducted three experimental studies (n1 = 103, n2 = 206, n3 = 339) to test whether repetition increases agreement with statements from an anti-rape attitudes scale. Participants, all heterosexual men aged 18-25, were presented with a set of anti-rape statements and filler statements. Then, they indicated their agreement with the entire 19-item anti-rape attitudes scale, half of which they had seen before and half of which were new. Agreement with repeated statements was higher in all three experiments, though the mean difference was not statistically significant in Experiment 2. An internal meta-analysis of the three experiments indicated a small but meaningful overall effect of repetition on agreement with anti-rape statements.This is the first study to apply the RITE to prosocial attitudes towards sexual violence. Our study demonstrates that a single, unobtrusive exposure to prosocial messages can affect attitudes concerning rape. These findings have implications for designing more effective public health campaigns and educational programs aimed at preventing rape and sexual violence.