cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of the Secondary Outcomes of Federal Housing Assistance
Creators: name: Pregliaso, Quinn
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: This paper explores the relationship between different types of federal housing assistance and the secondary outcomes of children’s health and education. With almost three million people nationwide receiving federal housing assistance from either traditional housing projects or Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers, it is imperative to analyze the indirect effects of receiving assistance. I will analyze the ancillary effects of access to health care, child’s physical health, child’s emotional health, and child’s attachment to education by using data from the National Survey of America’s Families. By comparing only those eligible for Department of Housing and Urban Development housing assistance programs, I will be able to control for a number of potentially confounding factors such as income level. Analyzing indirect effects on the children receiving government assistance avoids the probable reverse causation of education level achieved and poor health by adults who now receive federal housing assistance. I expect that those who receive Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers will have better access to care, health, and education than those in traditional public housing. I believe this will be due to the ability for those with vouchers to move to a neighborhood of their choice, whereas, those in traditional public housing are forced to live in neighborhoods with higher concentrations of poverty and its ancillary effects of poor schools, reduced access to health care, and reduced access to fresh produce. However, contrary to my expectations those in traditional public housing fared better on each of the outcomes than those receiving Section 8 Vouchers. It is important to note that while the results were statistically significant, they were not large enough to be practically significant.
Fundamental physics using the temporal gravitational wave background
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Suvodip
name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel probe of fundamental physics that involves the exploration of temporal correlations between the multi-frequency electromagnetic (EM) signal and the sub-threshold GW signal or stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) originating from coalescing binaries. This method will be useful for the detection of EM counterparts associated with the sub-threshold/SGWB signal. Exploiting the time delay between concomitant emission of the gravitational wave and EM signals enables inference of the redshifts of the contributing sources by studying the time delay dilation due to cosmological expansion, provided that the time-lag between the emission of gravitational wave signal and the EM signal acts like a standard clock. Measurement of the inevitable time-domain correlations between different frequencies of gravitational and EM waves, most notably in gamma-rays, will test several aspects of fundamental physics and gravitation theory, and enable a new pathway for current and future gravitational wave telescopes to study the universal nature of binary compact objects to high redshifts.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Probing the cosmological variation of the fine-structure constant: Results based on VLT-UVES sample
Creators: name: Chand, H.
name: Srianand, R.
name: Petitjean, P.
name: Aracil, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Development of fundamental physics relies on the constancy of various fundamental quantities such as the fine structure constant. Detecting or constraining the possible time variations of these fundamental physical quantities is an important step toward a complete understanding of basic physics. Here we present the results from a detailed many-multiplet analysis performed using high signal-to-noise ratio, high spectral resolution observations of 23 Mg II systems detected toward 18 QSOs in the redshift range 0.4
description: 23 pages; A&A style, 15 figures, accepted
title: A theoretical framework for computer models of cooperative dialogue, acknowledging multi-agent conflict
Creators: name: Galliers, Julia Rose
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1989

description: This thesis describes a theoretical framework for modelling cooperative dialogue. The linguistic theory is a version of speech act theory adopted from Cohen and Levesque, in which dialogue utterances are generated and interpreted pragmatically in the context of a theory of rational interaction. The latter is expressed as explicitly and formally represented principles of rational agenthood and cooperative interaction. The focus is the development of strategic principles of multi-agent interaction as such a basis for cooperative dialogue. In contrast to the majority of existing work, these acknowledge the Positive role of conflict to multi-agent cooperation. and make no assumptions regarding the benevolence and sincerity of agents. The result is a framework wherein agents can resolve conflicts by negotiation. It is a preliminary stage to the future building of computer models of cooperative dialogue for both HCI and DAI, which will therefore be more widely and generally applicable than those currently in existence. The theory of conflict and cooperation is expressed in the different patterns of mental states which characterise multi-agent conflict, cooperation and indifference as three alternative postural relations. Agents can recognise and potentially create these. Dialogue actions are the strategic tools with which mental states can be manipulated, whilst acknowledging that agents are autonomous over their mental states; they have control over what they acquire and reveal in dialogue. Strategic principles of belief and goal adoption are described in terms of the relationships between autonomous agents' beliefs, goals, preferences, and interests, and the relation of these to action. Veracity, mendacity, concealing and revealing are defined as properties of acts. The role of all these elements in reasoning about dialogue action and conflict resolution, is tester in analyses of two example dialogues; a record of a real trade union negotiation and an extract from "Othello" by Shakespeare.
Effects of conversion of native cerrado vegetation to pasture on soil hydro-physical properties, evapotranspiration and streamflow on the Amazonian agricultural frontier.
Creators: name: Nóbrega, Rodolfo L. B.
name: Guzha, Alphonce C.
name: Torres, Gilmar N.
name: Kovacs, Kristof
name: Lamparter, Gabriele
name: Amorim, Ricardo S. S.
name: Couto, Eduardo
name: Gerold, Gerhard
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2017

description: Understanding the impacts of land-use change on landscape-hydrological dynamics is one of the main challenges in the Northern Brazilian Cerrado biome, where the Amazon agricultural frontier is located. Motivated by the gap in literature assessing these impacts, we characterized the soil hydro-physical properties and quantified surface water fluxes from catchments under contrasting land-use in this region. We used data from field measurements in two headwater micro-catchments with similar physical characteristics and different land use, i.e. cerrado sensu stricto vegetation and pasture for extensive cattle ranching. We determined hydraulic and physical properties of the soils, applied ground-based remote sensing techniques to estimate evapotranspiration, and monitored streamflow from October 2012 to September 2014. Our results show significant differences in soil hydro-physical properties between the catchments, with greater bulk density and smaller total porosity in the pasture catchment. We found that evapotranspiration is smaller in the pasture (639 ± 31% mm yr-1) than in the cerrado catchment (1,004 ± 24% mm yr-1), and that streamflow from the pasture catchment is greater with runoff coefficients of 0.40 for the pasture and 0.27 for the cerrado catchment. Overall, our results confirm that conversion of cerrado vegetation to pasture causes soil hydro-physical properties deterioration, reduction in evapotranspiration reduction, and increased streamflow.
description: Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2017
Contemporaneous assembly of Western Gondwana and final Rodinia break-up: Implications for the supercontinent cycle
Creators: name: Oriolo, Sebastián
name: Oyhantçabal, Pedro
name: Wemmer, Klaus
name: Siegesmund, Siegfried
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2017

description: Geological, geochronological and isotopic data are integrated in order to present a revised model for the Neoproterozoic evolution of Western Gondwana. Although the classical geodynamic scenario assumed for the period 800e700 Ma is related to Rodinia break-up and the consequent opening of major oceanic basins, a significantly different tectonic evolution can be inferred for most Western Gondwana cratons. These cratons occupied a marginal position in the southern hemisphere with respect to Rodinia and recorded subduction with back-arc extension, island arc development and limited formation of oceanic crust in internal oceans. This period was thus characterized by increased crustal growth in Western Gondwana, resulting from addition of juvenile continental crust along convergent margins. In contrast, crustal reworking and metacratonization were dominant during the subsequent assembly of Gondwana. The Río de la Plata, Congo-São Francisco, West African and Amazonian cratons collided at ca. 630 e600 Ma along the West Gondwana Orogen. These events overlap in time with the onset of the opening of the Iapetus Ocean at ca. 610e600 Ma, which gave rise to the separation of Baltica, Laurentia and Amazonia and resulted from the final Rodinia break-up. The East African/Antarctic Orogen recorded the subsequent amalgamation of Western and Eastern Gondwana after ca. 580 Ma, contemporaneously with the beginning of subduction in the Terra Australis Orogen along the southern Gondwana margin. However, the Kalahari Craton was lately incorporated during the Late EdiacaraneEarly Cambrian. The proposed Gondwana evolution rules out the existence of Pannotia, as the final Gondwana amalgamation postdates latest connections between Laurentia and Amazonia. Additionally, a combination of introversion and extroversion is proposed for the assembly of Gondwana. The contemporaneous record of final Rodinia break-up and Gondwana assembly has major implications for the supercontinent cycle, as supercontinent amalgamation and break-up do not necessarily represent alternating episodic processes but overlap in time.
Additional file 3 of Oncopeltus-like gene expression patterns in Murgantia histrionica, a new hemipteran model system, suggest ancient regulatory network divergence
Creators: name: Hernandez, Jessica
name: Pick, Leslie
name: Reding, Katie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Zoology

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Primers used in this study.
An Analysis of the Secondary Outcomes of Federal Housing Assistance
Creators: name: Pregliaso, Quinn
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This paper explores the relationship between different types of federal housing assistance and the secondary outcomes of children’s health and education. With almost three million people nationwide receiving federal housing assistance from either traditional housing projects or Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers, it is imperative to analyze the indirect effects of receiving assistance. I will analyze the ancillary effects of access to health care, child’s physical health, child’s emotional health, and child’s attachment to education by using data from the National Survey of America’s Families. By comparing only those eligible for Department of Housing and Urban Development housing assistance programs, I will be able to control for a number of potentially confounding factors such as income level. Analyzing indirect effects on the children receiving government assistance avoids the probable reverse causation of education level achieved and poor health by adults who now receive federal housing assistance. I expect that those who receive Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers will have better access to care, health, and education than those in traditional public housing. I believe this will be due to the ability for those with vouchers to move to a neighborhood of their choice, whereas, those in traditional public housing are forced to live in neighborhoods with higher concentrations of poverty and its ancillary effects of poor schools, reduced access to health care, and reduced access to fresh produce. However, contrary to my expectations those in traditional public housing fared better on each of the outcomes than those receiving Section 8 Vouchers. It is important to note that while the results were statistically significant, they were not large enough to be practically significant.
Chamaelycus fasciatus
Creators: name: Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude
name: Trape, Jean François
name: David, Patrick
name: Ohler, Annemarie
name: Dubois, Alain
name: Glitho, Isabelle Adolé
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Lamprophiidae
Chamaelycus
Chamaelycus fasciatus

description: Chamaelycus fasciatus (Günther, 1858)
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 2 specimens (ZMB 21975, “ Togo ”; MRAC 73 14 R 58, Kolokope).
MORPHOLOGY. — TL of our specimens from 274 to 415 mm; 17 MSR, scales smooth; 165 and 201 Ven, smooth; 39 and 41 Sc, paired; anal single; 6 supralabials; 7 infralabials; 1 preocular; 2 postoculars; temporal scale formula: 1 + 2 + 3.
DISTRIBUTION. — This species should be present in ER III, IV and V. Matschie (1893), Sternfeld (1908b, 1909 from Missahohe) and Chippaux (2006) recorded it from the forested area of Togo.
description: Published as part of Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude, Trape, Jean François, David, Patrick, Ohler, Annemarie, Dubois, Alain & Glitho, Isabelle Adolé, 2011, The snake fauna of Togo: systematics, distribution and biogeography, with remarks on selected taxonomic problems, pp. 325-360 in Zoosystema 33 (3) on pages 340-341, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4547017
On the " Froissaron-Maximal Odderon" Model
Creators: name: Petrov, Vladimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the basic premises of the `` Froissaron-Maximal Odderon" (FMO) model which was claimed to be ``the only existing model which describes the totality of experimental data ". It is shown that the FMO model suffers from serious theoretical flaws while its quality of the data description is such that the probability that it describes the selected set of data is not satisfactory enough.
U(1) spin Chern-Simons theory and Arf invariants in two dimensions
Creators: name: Okuda, Takuya
name: Saito, Koichi
name: Yokoyama, Shuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The level-k U(1) Chern-Simons theory is a spin topological quantum field theory for k odd. Its dynamics is captured by the 2d CFT of a compact boson with a certain radius. Recently it was recognized that a dependence on the 2d spin structure can be given to the CFT by modifying it using the so-called Arf invariant. We demonstrate that one can reorganize the torus partition function of the modified CFT into a finite sum involving a finite number of conformal blocks. This allows us to reproduce the modular matrices of the spin theory. We use the modular matrices to calculate the partition function of the spin Chern-Simons theory on the lens space $L(a,\pm 1)$, and demonstrate the expected dependence on the 3d spin structure.
description: 17 pages; version 2: comments and references added, typos corrected, journal version
Buying Local: Diverging Consumer Motivations and Concerns
Creators: name: Curtis, Kynda R.
name: Cowee, Margaret W.
name: Curtis, Kynda R.
name: Cowee, Margaret W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: credence characteristics
subject: direct markets
subject: food safety
subject: local
subject: organic
subject: supporting local farms

description: The increased utilization of local direct markets has been dramatic in the last decade, but consumer motivations for buying local are not well understood. This study uses survey data collected at farmers' markets to compare consumer willingness to pay (WTP) premiums for organic and locally grown produce. Results illustrate a clear division in consumer motivations for purchasing through local direct markets. Demographics such as age and education level, concerns regarding food safety, environmental issues, and product origin, as well as the importance of supporting local growers and production methods differentiate consumers. Study results support the continued need for third-party labeling and certification programs.
Classification of Static Plane Symmetric Spacetimes according to their Matter Collineations
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we classify static plane symmetric spacetimes according to their matter collineations. These have been studied for both cases when the energy-momentum tensor is non-degenerate and also when it is degenerate. It turns out that the non-degenerate case yields either {\it four}, {\it five}, {\it six}, {\it seven} or {\it ten} independent matter collineations in which {\it four} are isometries and the rest are proper. There exists three interesting cases where the energy-momentum tensor is degenerate but the group of matter collineations is finite-dimensional. The matter collineations in these cases are either {\it four}, {\it six} or {\it ten
description: 15 pages, LaTex, no figures
The Faddeev-LeVerrier algorithm and the Pfaffian
Creators: name: Baer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A15

description: We adapt the Faddeev-LeVerrier algorithm for the computation of characteristic polynomials to the computation of the Pfaffian of a skew-symmetric matrix. This yields a very simple, easy to implement and parallelize algorithm of computational cost $O(n^{β+1})$ where $n$ is the size of the matrix and $O(n^β)$ is the cost of multiplying $n\times n$-matrices, $β\in[2,2.37286)$. We compare its performance to that of other algorithms and show how it can be used to compute the Euler form of a Riemannian manifold using computer algebra.
description: 15 pages, published version, to appear in Linear Algebra and its Applications
Lamprophis lineatus
Creators: name: Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude
name: Trape, Jean François
name: David, Patrick
name: Ohler, Annemarie
name: Dubois, Alain
name: Glitho, Isabelle Adolé
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Lamprophiidae
Lamprophis
Lamprophis lineatus

description: Lamprophis lineatus (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 12 specimens (MRAC 74013.0014, Kolokope; MRAC 73014.0026, Agou; ZMB 21104, GHS-W 0629, Missahohe; MRAC A7036.0021, GHS-W 1089, GHS-W 1402, GHS-W 1432, T 209, Sodo Zion; GHS-W 1280, T 148, Diguengue; GHS-W 1296, Agave).
MORPHOLOGY. — TL from 225 to 930 mm; 29-32 MSR, smooth; 217-243 Ven, smooth; 42-66 Sc, paired; anal single; 8 supralabials; 9 infralabials; 1 or 2 preoculars; 2 postoculars; temporal scale formula 1 + 2 + 3.
 DISTRIBUTION. — This species, mainly nocturnal, has been observed in the forested area near water where it feeds on small amphibians and lizards. This snake inhabits forested areas and Guinean savannahs. It is present in ER II, III, IV, and V of the country. Previously, this species had been recorded from Togo by Matschie (1893), Werner (1898, 1902), Sternfeld (1908b, 1909: 11), and from Missahohe, Kete (Kete-Kratchi currently in Ghana), Atakpame and Mango, by Thorpe & McCarthy (1978), Roman (1984), and Leaché et al. (2006).
 CONSERVATION STATUS. — See under L. virgatus.
REMARK
 See the comments under Lamprophis fuliginosus.
description: Published as part of Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude, Trape, Jean François, David, Patrick, Ohler, Annemarie, Dubois, Alain & Glitho, Isabelle Adolé, 2011, The snake fauna of Togo: systematics, distribution and biogeography, with remarks on selected taxonomic problems, pp. 325-360 in Zoosystema 33 (3) on page 342, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4547017
Lycophidion laterale Hallowell 1857
Creators: name: Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude
name: Trape, Jean François
name: David, Patrick
name: Ohler, Annemarie
name: Dubois, Alain
name: Glitho, Isabelle Adolé
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Lamprophiidae
Lycophidion
Lycophidion laterale

description: Lycophidion laterale Hallowell, 1857
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — No specimen available.
DISTRIBUTION. — This forest species was mentioned from Togo by Sternfeld (1908b, 1909: 12) from Missahohe. Chippaux (2006) also cited this species from Togo probably on the basis of Sternfeld (1908b, 1909: 12).
description: Published as part of Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude, Trape, Jean François, David, Patrick, Ohler, Annemarie, Dubois, Alain & Glitho, Isabelle Adolé, 2011, The snake fauna of Togo: systematics, distribution and biogeography, with remarks on selected taxonomic problems, pp. 325-360 in Zoosystema 33 (3) on page 343, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4547017
Rhinovirus infection of the human airway epithelium : in vitro characterization of viral replication, inflammatory response, and immunemodulating effects of echinacea
Creators: name: Machala, Anna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Rhinoviruses (RVs) are the leading cause of upper-respiratory tract infections in humans. To date relatively little is known about the mechanism of RV infection and no cure or prevention exists. Mounting evidence shows that RV replicates very little in its host airway epithelial cells leading researchers to hypothesize that the illness associated with RV infection is the result of the host's immune response, but not necessarily RV replication. This study characterized RV infection in vitro in terms of viral replication, viral RNA, and pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine secretion over the course of a typical infection using two distinct airway epithelial cell lines (BEAS-2B and A549) and two different receptor-utilizing RV serotypes (RV14 and RV1A). Cells were infected with known amounts of RV, sampled over 1 week, and assayed for infectious virus, RV14 RNA, and interleukin (IL)-6 and/or IL-8 secretion. For BEAS-2B and A 549 cells viral replication peaked between day 1 (Dl) and D2 post-infection for both RV14 and RV1A, and no significant viral replication was observed after D3. Stimulation of LL-6 and IL-8 was typically not observed before D2 and remained elevated up to D7. Overall, BEAS-2B cells were more susceptible to RV infection than A549, and similar trends were observed for RV14 and RV1A, except RV14 failed to replicate in the A549 cells. Furthermore, UV inactivation of both RV serotypes completely inhibited viral replication and IL-6 secretion in the BEAS-2B model, suggesting the necessity of genetically intact virus to stimulate the IL-6 response. Finally, the effects of two chemically distinct Echinacea extracts on viral replication and IL-6 secretion were investigated in the BEAS-2B model. Neither of the Echinacea extracts had any effect on RV replication, nor did they stimulate IL- 6 secretion in uninfected cells. However, Echinacea treatment of RV infected cells significantly affected IL-6 secretion, but a different trend was observed between RV serotypes, and for the two herb preparations. Overall, RV infection of airway epithelial cells results in relatively low levels of RV replication but a pronounced proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine response which is the likely cause of cold symptoms and a potential target for therapeutics.
Absolute bounds on the number of generators of Cohen-Macaulay ideals of height at most 2
Creators: name: Schoutens, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13E15; 13C14

description: For a Noetherian local domain $A$, there exists an upper bound $N_τ(A)$ on the minimal number of generators of any height two ideal $I$ for which $A/I$ is Cohen-Macaulay of type $τ$. More precisely, we may take $N_τ(A):=(τ+1)e_{\text{h}}(A)$, where $e_{\text{h}}(A)$ is the homological multiplicity of $A$.
Lycophidion nigromaculatum
Creators: name: Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude
name: Trape, Jean François
name: David, Patrick
name: Ohler, Annemarie
name: Dubois, Alain
name: Glitho, Isabelle Adolé
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Lamprophiidae
Lycophidion
Lycophidion nigromaculatum

description: Lycophidion nigromaculatum (Peters, 1863)
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 5 specimens (MRAC A7036.0027, GHS-W 1042, GHS-W 1044, Agou; GHS-W 1442, Sodo Zion, Tr 138, Kebo-Dzigbe [Mont Agou]).
MORPHOLOGY. — TL from 302 to 480 mm; 17 MSR, smooth; 171-192 Ven, smooth; 41-50 Sc, paired; anal single; 8 supralabials; 9 infralabials; 1 preocular; 2 postoculars; temporal scale formula 1 + 2.
 DISTRIBUTION. — First record from Togo. Localities cited in this paper mark the eastern limit of the range of this species. In Togo we found it in the forest area. Leaché et al. (2006) recorded this species in the forested area between Togo and Ghana.
description: Published as part of Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude, Trape, Jean François, David, Patrick, Ohler, Annemarie, Dubois, Alain & Glitho, Isabelle Adolé, 2011, The snake fauna of Togo: systematics, distribution and biogeography, with remarks on selected taxonomic problems, pp. 325-360 in Zoosystema 33 (3) on page 343, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4547017
Study on rural migration and return migration in Kosovo
Creators: name: Möllers, Judith
name: Traikova, Diana
name: Herzfeld, Thomas
name: Bajrami, Egzon
name: Möllers, Judith
name: Traikova, Diana
name: Herzfeld, Thomas
name: Bajrami, Egzon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital

description: ISSN 1438-2172
A Note on Polarization Vectors in Quantum Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Lieb, Elliott H.
name: Loss, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A photon of momentum k can have only two polarization states, not three. Equivalently, one can say that the magnetic vector potential A must be divergence free in the Coulomb gauge. These facts are normally taken into account in QED by introducing two polarization vectors epsilon_λ(k) with lambda in {1,2}, which are orthogonal to the wave-vector k. These vectors must be very discontinuous functions of k and, consequently, their Fourier transforms have bad decay properties. Since these vectors have no physical significance there must be a way to eliminate them and their bad decay properties from the theory. We propose such a way here.
description: 6 pages latex
Governed by Bandits : The Evolution of Social Order through Violent Entrepreneurship in Post-Soviet Russia
Creators: name: Schneider, Irena
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Contrary to standard interpretations of Russia’s decade of post-socialist transition as one of chaos and disorder, this study demonstrates that organized crime played a significant role in the re-creation of social order after the Soviet collapse. Drawing upon existing fieldwork and interview data on the Russian mafia, the study bridges neoinstitutional and rational choice theories with literature on Foucauldian political culture and economic sociology in order to frame “violent entrepreneurs” as significant actors in a socially embedded market for protection. New market relations transformed political and cultural relations as functions of government shifted from the state to localized spheres of criminal influence. This study challenges state-driven policies to prosecute organized crime as a means of introducing rule of law. More broadly, it confronts the traditional debate in transition studies between “institutional optimists” and “cultural pessimists” by arguing that social change is evolutionary and fluid rather than culturally predetermined or authoritatively imposed.
Comparison of compact bone failure under two different loadings rates: experimental and modelling approaches
Creators: name: Pithioux, Martine
name: Subit, D.
name: Chabrand, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the mechanical behaviour of bones up to failure is necesary for diagnosis and prevention of accident and trauma. As far as we know, no authors have yet studied the tensile behaviour of compact bone including failure under dynamic loadings (1m/s). The originality of this study comes from not only the analysis of compact bone failure under dynamic loadings, the results of which are compared to those obtained under quasi static loadings but also the development of a statistical model. We developed a protocol using three different devices. Firstly, an X-ray scanner to analyse bone density, secondly, a common tensile device to perform quasi static experiments and thirdly, a special device based upon a hydraulic cylinder to perform dynamic tests. For all the tests, we used the same sample shape which took into account the brittleness of the compact bone. We first performed relaxation and hysteresis tests followed by tensile tests up to failure. Viscous and plastic effects were not relevant to the compact bone behaviour so its behaviour was considered elastic and brittle. The bovine compact bone was three to four times more brittle under a dynamic load than under a quasi static one. Numerically, a statistical model, based upon the Weibull theory is used to predict the failure stress in compact bone.
Governed by Bandits : The Evolution of Social Order through Violent Entrepreneurship in Post-Soviet Russia
Creators: name: Schneider, Irena
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4402
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law

description: Contrary to standard interpretations of Russia’s decade of post-socialist transition as one of chaos and disorder, this study demonstrates that organized crime played a significant role in the re-creation of social order after the Soviet collapse. Drawing upon existing fieldwork and interview data on the Russian mafia, the study bridges neoinstitutional and rational choice theories with literature on Foucauldian political culture and economic sociology in order to frame “violent entrepreneurs” as significant actors in a socially embedded market for protection. New market relations transformed political and cultural relations as functions of government shifted from the state to localized spheres of criminal influence. This study challenges state-driven policies to prosecute organized crime as a means of introducing rule of law. More broadly, it confronts the traditional debate in transition studies between “institutional optimists” and “cultural pessimists” by arguing that social change is evolutionary and fluid rather than culturally predetermined or authoritatively imposed.
The Foreign Terrorist Organization List : An Effective Tool to Fight Terrorism or An Infringement of Civil Liberties?
Creators: name: Sleeper, Danielle
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4402
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law

description: Since September 11, 2001, the U.S. government has increasingly relied on watch lists as a linchpin of its counterterrorism strategy. Their use, however, has attracted scrutiny out of concern that they impinge upon civil liberties, that they do not serve as deterrents to the formation of terrorist groups, and that the process for groups to appeal their designation is unclear and excessively burdensome. This paper explains the process for designation as an official Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO), and the procedures by which groups are removed from the FTO list. It then compares the procedures and factors involved in the designation and removal of three separate groups as FTOs: the DFLP, the PMOI, and the PKK. Finally, this paper sets forth policy recommendations regarding FTO designation and removal, and offers suggestions on how the watch lists can be more effective counterterrorism tools that do not infringe on basic civil liberties.
A taste for new meaning : Hannah Arendt and educational thought
Creators: name: Giles, Graham
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis brings the work of twentieth century political philosopher Hannah Arendt to a consideration of educational thought. It argues for and seeks to demonstrate ways in which Arendt's oeuvre provokes and vitalizes educational thought as it concerns pluralism, ethics, democracy, knowledge, meaning and critique. In seeking "new landscapes to think from" for education, it invites Arendt's phenomenological recovery of the political, the public realm, to disturb particular forms of thought that give shape to contemporary education. It specifically engages the problematics of modernity, in its expressions as the liberal self, instrumental rationality and alienating structures of authority. The author argues that these reiterate the bankruptcy of meaning which Arendt calls "worldlessness," and that this concern is of deep and continuing significance to education. In a reconsideration of understanding and meaning beyond the automatism and ubiquity of the liberal self, this thesis then considers how thinking, judging, action and speech, as Arendt posits them, may call upon education to better enact its "promise to the world" of freedom and human dignity.
The Foreign Terrorist Organization List : An Effective Tool to Fight Terrorism or An Infringement of Civil Liberties?
Creators: name: Sleeper, Danielle
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Since September 11, 2001, the U.S. government has increasingly relied on watch lists as a linchpin of its counterterrorism strategy. Their use, however, has attracted scrutiny out of concern that they impinge upon civil liberties, that they do not serve as deterrents to the formation of terrorist groups, and that the process for groups to appeal their designation is unclear and excessively burdensome. This paper explains the process for designation as an official Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO), and the procedures by which groups are removed from the FTO list. It then compares the procedures and factors involved in the designation and removal of three separate groups as FTOs: the DFLP, the PMOI, and the PKK. Finally, this paper sets forth policy recommendations regarding FTO designation and removal, and offers suggestions on how the watch lists can be more effective counterterrorism tools that do not infringe on basic civil liberties.
$Γ$-limit for two-dimensional charged magnetic zigzag domain walls
Creators: name: Knüpfer, Hans
name: Shi, Wenhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Charged domain walls are a type of domain walls in thin ferromagnetic films which appear due to global topological constraints. The non-dimensionalized micromagnetic energy for a uniaxial thin ferromagnetic film with in-plane magnetization $m \in \mathbb{S}^1$ is given by \begin{align*} E_ε[m] \ = \ ε\|\nabla m\|_{L^2}^2 + \frac {1}ε \|m \cdot e_2\|_{L^2}^2 + \frac{πλ}{2|\lnε|} \|\nabla \cdot (m-M)\|_{\dot H^{-\frac{1}{2}}}^2, \end{align*} where magnetization in $e_1$-direction is globally preferred and where $M$ is an arbitrary fixed background field to ensure global neutrality of magnetic charges. We consider a material in the form a thin strip and enforce a charged domain wall by suitable boundary conditions on $m$. In the limit $ε\to 0$ and for fixed $λ> 0$, corresponding to the macroscopic limit, we show that the energy $Γ$-converges to a limit energy where jump discontinuities of the magnetization are penalized anisotropically. In particular, in the subcritical regime $λ\leq 1$ one-dimensional charged domain walls are favorable, in the supercritical regime $λ> 1$ the limit model allows for zigzaging two-dimensional domain walls.
description: 47 pages
title: Conservation on farms: Conflicting attitudes, social pressures and behaviour
Creators: name: Carr, Susan
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1989

description: In the late 1970s and early 1980s, conservationists' concern about the loss of wildlife habitat on farmland escalated into open conflict with farmers, the conflict being heightened by controversy surrounding the passing of the Wildlife and Countryside Act in 1981. An improved understanding of the attitudes of farmers and conservationists would help ensure the most appropriate measures are adopted to resolve or avoid such conflict. This research therefore compared the attitudes of farmers and conservationists in Bedfordshire in two pairs of surveys. In the first, free-ranging interviews were used to establish the range of opinions on farming and conservation held by the two groups. In the second, Fishbein and Ajzen's theory of reasoned action was used as the framework for a more detailed comparison of the differences in attitudes between the two communities. The correlation of attitudes and social pressures with farmers' behaviour was also explored for three conservation-related activities about which there was conflict: hedge management, pesticide use and straw disposal. The first survey revealed a complex matrix of shared, complementary and conflicting beliefs and values between and within the two communities. Examples of conflicting values included those concerning land ownership and freedom of individual action versus stewardship, and pride in an efficient, productive and tidy farm versus a wilder countryside. The second survey showed that while farmers agreed with conservationists about the advantages of conservation expressed in general terms, once decisions about specific farm practices were involved, attitudes to conservation and wildlife were far outweighed by attitudes to farming and business considerations. Social pressures on farmers from conservationists were minimal; the strongest social pressures came from within the farming community itself and these generally served to perpetuate the dominant farming values. Although the theory of reasoned action provided a valuable means of exploring the role of attitudes, social pressures and behaviour in the conflict, some limitations in the use of the model in these complex circumstances were found. In particular it did not allow a distinction to be made between self-interested and deeply held values; the recommended method of constructing and scoring a behaviourial index was inappropriate where value judgements were involved; and respondents experienced difficulty in distinguishing between beliefs and values when evaluative opinion statements were used. Some suggestions for overcoming these limitations are made.
Coalition Building Among Feminist Student Groups At American University : Case Study
Creators: name: Scrimshire, Kerrigan
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Coalitions challenge group members’ assumptions and categorical memberships through the incorporation of varying standpoints, subsequently shifting discourse in accordance with coalition members’ aims. The collective “we” of coalescing individuals must acknowledge their imperfect knowledge and intersecting privileges and oppressions in order to interrogate and dismantle systemic disadvantage while moving toward the ultimate goal of reallocation of power through coalition. This study examines the coalition process through interviews with leaders of locationally similar student groups at AU which ally/network under a “feminist umbrella.” This feminist umbrella includes student organizations focused on promoting gender equality, social justice, diversity and inclusiveness through their initiatives on campus. Investigating student organizations’ coalition building activities sheds light on 1. the standpoints and intersectionalities involved as groups work jointly and 2. the challenges these pose in the process of creating alliances and networks among campus groups.
An analysis of the evolution of reactive species in Fe0/H2O systems.
Creators: name: Noubactep, C.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2009

description: Aqueous contaminant removal in the presence of metallic iron (e.g. in Fe(0)/H(2)O systems) is characterized by the large diversity of removing agents. This paper analyses the synergistic effect of adsorption, co-precipitation and reduction on the process contaminant removal in Fe(0)/H(2)O systems on the basis of simple theoretical calculations. The system evolution is characterized by the percent Fe(0) consumption. The results showed that contaminant reduction by Fe(0) is likely to significantly contribute to the removal process only in the earliest stage of Fe(0) immersion. With increasing reaction time, contaminant removal is a complex interplay of adsorption onto iron corrosion products, co-precipitation or sequestration in the matrix of iron corrosion products and reduction by Fe(0), Fe(II) or H(2)/H. The results also suggested that in real world Fe(0)/H(2)O systems, any inflowing contaminant can be regarded as foreign species in a domain of precipitating iron hydroxides. Therefore, current experimental protocols with high contaminant to Fe(0) ratios should be revisited. Possible optimising of experimental conditions is suggested.
Market Fundamentals and International Grain Price Volatility
Creators: name: Santeramo, Fabio Gaetano
name: Santeramo, Fabio Gaetano
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Arbitrage, Grain market, Price dynamics, Shocks, SURE

description: Several studies, focused on the understanding of price volatility determinants in agricultural commodity markets, revealed that the joint influence of a plethora of causes is able to generate market instability. We investigate the contribution of endogenous and exogenous factors to global price volatility of four major grain (wheat, rice, corn, barley), adopting a Seemingly Unrelated Regression Equations model. We analyze global volatility, to conclude on short-run and long-run dynamics of markets instability. Our paper builds on existing literature by proposing a richer set of determinants of grain price volatility.
Lycophidion semicinctum Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril 1854
Creators: name: Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude
name: Trape, Jean François
name: David, Patrick
name: Ohler, Annemarie
name: Dubois, Alain
name: Glitho, Isabelle Adolé
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Lamprophiidae
Lycophidion
Lycophidion semicinctum

description: Lycophidion semicinctum Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 12 specimens (MNHN 1989.0257, “ Togo ” without precise locality; MNHN 1989.0195, “ Togo ou Benin ” without precise locality; MNHN 2006.2198, GHS-W 1032, GHS-W 1075, Sodo Zion; MRAC 29592, Tetetou; GHS-W 1298, T 222, Agave; GHS-W 1228, GHS-W 1240, Yo [Agome Yo], T 189, Alédjo).
MORPHOLOGY. — TL from 460 to 670 mm; 17 MSR, smooth; 169-206 Ven, smooth; 37-54 Sc, paired; anal single; 7-8 supralabials; 8-9 infralabials; 1 preocular; 2 postoculars; temporal scale formula 1 + 2 + 3.
 DISTRIBUTION. — This species inhabits mainly Guinean savannahs but may also occur in forest. It has been recorded from ER III and IV of Togo by Werner (1898), Sternfeld (1908b, 1909: 12), Hulselmans & Verheyen (1970), Hulselmans et al. (1970) and Roman (1984). Recent specimens confirm its occurrence in the vicinity of Aledjo in ER II but its presence in ER V is uncertain.
description: Published as part of Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude, Trape, Jean François, David, Patrick, Ohler, Annemarie, Dubois, Alain & Glitho, Isabelle Adolé, 2011, The snake fauna of Togo: systematics, distribution and biogeography, with remarks on selected taxonomic problems, pp. 325-360 in Zoosystema 33 (3) on page 343, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4547017
Our Food : Our Future - How web 2.0 is helping local food move from niche market to mainstream
Creators: name: Ochs, Caitlin
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3099
subject: Other agricultural, veterinary and food sciences
classificationCode: 3599
subject: Other commerce, management, tourism and services
classificationCode: 4699
subject: Other information and computing sciences

description: A slew of recent investigative books, news articles and documentary films raising questions about the safety and sustainability of our food system have called public attention to problems with industrial food and generated national conversation. Despite strong debate over how we should change our food system and what the future of U.S. agriculture should look like, there is widespread acknowledgement that changes are necessary. We’ve succeeded at producing more food more cheaply, but are less healthy. We’ve built a food system that is incredibly efficient, but it relies on farming practices that are unsustainable in the long run and petrochemicals that are harmful to both our health and environment.
Our Food : Our Future - How web 2.0 is helping local food move from niche market to mainstream
Creators: name: Ochs, Caitlin
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: A slew of recent investigative books, news articles and documentary films raising questions about the safety and sustainability of our food system have called public attention to problems with industrial food and generated national conversation. Despite strong debate over how we should change our food system and what the future of U.S. agriculture should look like, there is widespread acknowledgement that changes are necessary. We’ve succeeded at producing more food more cheaply, but are less healthy. We’ve built a food system that is incredibly efficient, but it relies on farming practices that are unsustainable in the long run and petrochemicals that are harmful to both our health and environment.