cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: SOFIA Bastelbogen: Einfache Grundschulversion mit Anleitung
Creators: name: Krüger, Kira
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500
subject: 370

description: Mit dem SOFIA Bastelbogen können Grundschüler*innen sich ein eigenes Modell des Forschungsflugzeugs SOFIA (Stratosphären Observatorium Für Infrarot Astronomie) bauen. Das Material beinhaltet die Bastelvorlage zum Ausdrucken und eine Schritt-für-Schritt Anleitung mit Bildern. Schüler*innen können nicht nur den Aufbau des Stratosphärenobservatorium kennenlernen, sondern darüber hinaus auch generell Bestandteile von Flugzeugen, die für Eigenschaften wie Auftrieb relevant sind, benennen.
description: SOFIA in der Grundschule
Sensitivity analysis of a mean-value exergy-based internal combustion engine model
Creators: name: Pozzato, Gabriele
name: Rizzo, Denise
name: Onori, Simona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this work, we conduct a sensitivity analysis of the mean-value internal combustion engine exergy-based model, recently developed by the authors, with respect to different driving cycles, ambient temperatures, and exhaust gas recirculation rates. Such an analysis allows to assess how driving conditions and environment affect the exergetic behavior of the engine, providing insights on the system's inefficiency. Specifically, the work is carried out for a military series hybrid electric vehicle.
Urban forestry : trees are not just for aesthetics
Creators: name: Chan, Andy
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: In this paper, the author will go through a few benefits urban forestry can provide in a community. The sections are broken down into environmental, air, health, and community health. Each section will describe different ways trees can benefit. From widely known benefits of trees such as providing shade to really obscure facts such as decreasing crime rates, and improving health recovery times. As well, the paper will mention Hong Kong’s state of urban forestry and suggestions from the author as to how it should advance. Ultimately, the goal of the paper is to aware readers of benefits of urban forestry and stressing its important.
Diffractive all-optical computing for quantitative phase imaging
Creators: name: Mengu, Deniz
name: Ozcan, Aydogan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is a label-free computational imaging technique that provides optical path length information of specimens. In modern implementations, the quantitative phase image of an object is reconstructed digitally through numerical methods running in a computer, often using iterative algorithms. Here, we demonstrate a diffractive QPI network that can synthesize the quantitative phase image of an object by converting the input phase information of a scene into intensity variations at the output plane. A diffractive QPI network is a specialized all-optical processor designed to perform a quantitative phase-to-intensity transformation through passive diffractive surfaces that are spatially engineered using deep learning and image data. Forming a compact, all-optical network that axially extends only ~200-300 times the illumination wavelength, this framework can replace traditional QPI systems and related digital computational burden with a set of passive transmissive layers. All-optical diffractive QPI networks can potentially enable power-efficient, high frame-rate and compact phase imaging systems that might be useful for various applications, including, e.g., on-chip microscopy and sensing.
description: 23 Pages, 5 Figures
The effect of a warming environment on forest pest species : a contrast between bark beetles and defoliators
Creators: name: Huk, Matthew
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Climate change has been the driver of diverse ecological changes worldwide. The effects of the warming environment have been observed among several forest insect species, and their host tree interactions. Insects are cold-blooded organisms, therefore, temperature is the key parameter determining timing and duration of lifecycle events, as well as their geographical distribution. Correspondingly, the warming environment is also affecting forest health, resilience and structure. Consequently, shifting herbivory rates, altered distribution of forest pests, and an increased unpredictability of trophic interactions have already threatened the integrity of several forest systems. This review contrasts the effects of climate change on bark beetles and European defoliators outlining the key mechanisms of altered population dynamics. Additionally two case studies are developed involving the spruce beetle and the larch bud moth (LBM) to illustrate the nuances between the systems.
Static self-induced heterogeneity in glass-forming liquids: Overlap as a microscope
Creators: name: Guiselin, Benjamin
name: Tarjus, Gilles
name: Berthier, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and numerically implement a local probe of the static self-induced heterogeneity characterizing glass-forming liquids. The method relies on the equilibrium statistics of the overlap between pairs of configurations measured in mesoscopic cavities with unconstrained boundaries. By systematically changing the location of the probed cavity, we directly detect spatial variations of the overlap fluctuations. We provide a detailed analysis of the statistics of a local estimate of the configurational entropy and we infer an estimate of the surface tension between amorphous states, ingredients that are both at the basis of the random first-order transition theory of glass formation. Our results represent the first direct attempt to visualize and quantify the self-induced heterogeneity underpinning the thermodynamics of glass formation. They pave the way for the development of coarse-grained effective theories and for a direct assessment of the role of thermodynamics in the activated dynamics of deeply supercooled liquids.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
title: Tagungsband zum 20. Bauthementag / Bauklimatag, Thema: „Wasser in der Stadt": Beiträge zum 20. Bauthementag am 23.08.2023 in Essen
Creators: name: Universität Duisburg-Essen. Institut Für Baubetrieb Und Baumanagement
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ahrtal
subject: Wärmepumpen
subject: Grundwasser
subject: Stadtentwässerung
subject: Wasser
subject: 624

description: Bauthementag / Bauklimatag
A Comprehensive Bayesian re-analysis of the SARAS2 data from the Epoch of Reionization
Creators: name: Bevins, H. T. J.
name: Acedo, E. de Lera
name: Fialkov, A.
name: Handley, W. J.
name: Singh, S.
name: Subrahmanyan, R.
name: Barkana, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Bayesian re-analysis of the sky-averaged 21-cm experimental data from SARAS2 using nested sampling implemented with polychord, spectrally smooth foreground modelling implemented with maxsmooth, detailed systematic modelling and rapid signal emulation with globalemu. Our analysis differs from previous analysis of the SARAS2 data through the use of a full Bayesian framework and separate modelling of the foreground and non-smooth systematics. We use the most up-to-date signal models including Lyman-$α$ and CMB heating parameterised by astrophysical parameters such as star formation efficiency, X-ray heating efficiency, minimal virial circular velocity of star forming galaxies, CMB optical depth and the low energy cutoff of the X-ray spectral energy distribution. We consider models with an excess radio background above the CMB produced via radio emission from early galaxies and parameterised by a radio production efficiency. A non-smooth systematic is identified and modelled as both a frequency damped sinusoid introduced by the electronics and separately from the sky. The latter is modulated by the total efficiency of the antenna and marginally favoured by the data. We consider three different models for the noise in the data. The SARAS2 constraints on individual astrophysical parameters are extremely weak however we identify classes of disfavoured signals. We weakly disfavour standard astrophysical models with high Lyman-$α$ fluxes and weak heating and more confidently disfavour exotic models with high Lyman-$α$ fluxes, low X-ray efficiencies and high radio production efficiencies in early galaxies.
description: 19 Pages, 13 Figures. Accepted by MNRAS
Superconductivity in black phosphorus and the role of dynamical screening
Creators: name: Christiansson, Viktor
name: Petocchi, Francesco
name: Werner, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simple cubic phosphorus exhibits superconductivity with a maximum $T_c$ of up to 12 K under pressure. The pressure dependence of $T_c$ cannot be consistently explained with a simple electron-phonon mechanism, which has stimulated investigations into the role of electronic correlations and plasmonic contributions. Here, we solve the gap equation of density functional theory for superconductors using different electron-electron and electron-phonon contributions to the kernel. We find that the phonon contribution alone yields an overestimation of $T_c$, while the addition of the static electronic contribution results in an underestimation. Taking into account the full frequency dependence of the screened interaction, the one-shot $GW$ approximation predicts $T_c$ values in good agreement with the experiments in the pressure range appropriate for the cubic phase. We also explore the use of quasi-particle bands in the calculation of the electronic and phononic kernels, and show that this modification significantly improves $T_c$ in the high-pressure region.
Softly-broken $A_4$ or $S_4$ 3HDMs with stable states
Creators: name: Varzielas, Ivo de Medeiros
name: Ivo, Diogo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study multi-Higgs models with a triplet of $A_4$ or $S_4$ symmetry that is softly-broken. Focusing on parameters that softly break the respective symmetries but preserve the directions of the vacuum expectation values of the triplet we analyse the masses of physical states and discuss their decays. In contrast with previously studied symmetries, we find some cases with stable states that are protected by residual symmetries left unbroken by both the soft-breaking parameters and by the vacuum.
description: v2: 21 pages, 2 figures, published in EPJC
Theory of Competing Charge Density Wave, Kekule and Antiferromagnetic ordered Fractional Quantum Hall states in Graphene aligned with Boron Nitride
Creators: name: Hegde, Suraj S.
name: Villadiego, Inti Sodemann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate spin and valley symmetry-broken fractional quantum Hall phases within a formalism that naturally extends the paradigm of quantum Hall ferromagnetism from integer to fractional quantum Hall states, allowing us to construct detailed phase diagrams for a large class of multi-component states. Motivated by recent experiments on Graphene aligned with a Boron Nitride substrate, we predict a sequence of transitions realized by increasing the magnetic field, starting from a sub-lattice polarized state to a valley coherent Kekule charge density wave state and further to an anti-ferromagnetic phase. Moreover for filling fractions such as $ν=\pm 1/3$, we predict that the system undergoes a transition at low fields, that not only differ by the spin-valley orientation of the fractionally filled flavors but also by their intrinsic fractional quantum Hall nature. This transition is from a Laughlin-like state to a two component Halperin-like state both with a charge density wave order. Moreover for $ν=\pm 1/3,\pm 2/3$, we predict a "canted Kekule density phase"(CaKD) where the spinors of integer and fractionally occupied components have different orientations in the valley Bloch sphere, in contrast to the Kekule state for the integer quantum Hall state at neutrality where both occupied components have the same orientation in the valley Bloch sphere.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Target space diffeomorphisms in Poisson sigma models and asymptotic symmetries in 2D dilaton gravities
Creators: name: Valcarcel, Carlos
name: Vassilevich, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dilaton gravity models in two dimensions, including the Jackiw--Teitelboim model and its deformations, are particular cases of Poisson sigma models. Target space diffeomorphisms map one Poisson sigma model to another. We propose to use these diffsomorphisms to identify asymptotic conditions, boundary actions, and asymptotic symmetries in distinct dilaton gravity models. As an example, we use the asymptotic conditions in Jackiw--Teitelboim gravity to construct an asymptotic problem with Virasoro symmetry in a class of asymptotically Rindler models. We show, that the method can be applied to a wide class of pairs of dilaton gravities and discuss possible generalizations.
description: 11 pages, revtex 4-2, V2: typos corrected and a reference added, V3: another reference and a comment added
Strong effects of uniaxial pressure and short-range correlations in Cr2Ge2Te6
Creators: name: Spachmann, S.
name: Elghandour, A.
name: Selter, S.
name: Büchner, B.
name: Aswartham, S.
name: Klingeler, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cr$_2$Ge$_2$Te$_6$ is a quasi-2D semiconducting van der Waals ferromagnet down to the bilayer with great potential for technological applications. Engineering the critical temperature to achieve room temperature applications is one of the critical next steps on this path. Here, we report high-resolution capacitance dilatometry studies on Cr$_2$Ge$_2$Te$_6$ single crystals which directly prove significant magnetoelastic coupling and provide quantitative values of the large uniaxial pressure effects on long-range magnetic order (${\partial}T_{\mathrm{C}}/{\partial}p_{\mathrm{c}}$ = 24.7 K/GPa and ${\partial}T_{\mathrm{C}}/{\partial}p_{\mathrm{ab}}$ = $-$15.6 K/GPa) derived from thermodynamic relations. Moderate in-plane strain is thus sufficient to strongly enhance ferromagnetism in Cr$_2$Ge$_2$Te$_6$ up to room temperature. Moreover, unambiguous signs for short-range magnetic order up to 200~K are found.
description: Main text: 8 pages, 4 figures; update of numerical values
Mutual conversion between a magnetic Neel hopfion and a Neel toron
Creators: name: Li, Shuang
name: Xia, Jing
name: Shen, Laichuan
name: Zhang, Xichao
name: Ezawa, Motohiko
name: Zhou, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional (3D) magnetic textures attract great attention from researchers due to their fascinating structures and dynamic behaviors. Magnetic hopfion is a prominent example of 3D magnetic textures. Here, we numerically study the mutual conversion between a Neel-type hopfion and a Neel-type toron under an external magnetic field. We also investigate the excitation modes of hopfions and torons in a film with strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. It is found that the Neel-type hopfion could be a stable state in the absence of the external magnetic field, and its diameter varies with the out-of-plane magnetic field. The Neel-type hopfion may transform to a Neel-type toron at an out-of-plane magnetic field of about 20 mT, where the cross section structure is a Neel-type skyrmion. The hopfion and toron show different excitation modes in the presence of an in-plane microwave magnetic field. Our results provide a method to realize the conversion between a Neel-type hopfion and a Neel-type toron, which also gives a way to distinguish Bloch-type and Neel-type hopfions.
description: Originally submitted to PRB on 23 December 2021
title: SOFIA Atmosphärenmodell: Anleitung zum selbst bauen für Lehrkräfte + Arbeitsblatt
Creators: name: Gryl, Inga
name: Stelten, Alexandra
name: Weber, Annika
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500
subject: 370

description: Dieses Unterrichtsmaterial für den Sachunterricht an Grundschulen umfasst eine Anleitung zum Bau eines Atmosphärenmodells für Lehrkräfte, sowie ein dazu passendes Arbeitsblatt für Schüler*innen. Auf dem Arbeitsblatt können die Schüler*innen die Erkenntnisse festhalten, die zuvor durch die gemeinsame Erarbeitung am Atmosphärenmodell gewonnen wurden. Mit dem Material können Schüler*innen die Schichten der Atmosphäre sowie deren optische Eigenschaften (Durchlässigkeit für sichtbares Licht und Infrarotlicht) benennen. Sie können mit Hilfe dieser Kenntnisse erklären, warum das Forschungsflugzeug SOFIA benötigt wird, um Beobachtungen des Weltalls im Infraroten vorzunehmen. Darüber hinaus kann das Material durch die Darstellung der verschiedenen Durchlässigkeit der Atmosphäre für unterschiedliches Strahlungsarten auch zur Erklärung des Treibhauseffekts modifiziert und eingesetzt werden.
description: SOFIA in der Grundschule
title: Infrarotfotografie Memory mit Erklärkarten: Lernmaterial zu Infrarotfotografie für die 4.- 6. Klasse
Creators: name: Stelten, Alexandra
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500
subject: 370

description: Dieses Unterrichtsmaterial umfasst eine analoge und digitale Version eines Memorys zum Thema Infrarotfotographie. Die Besonderheit ist, dass die Bildpaare zwar dasselbe Objekt zeigen, jedoch einmal im visuellen Bereich und einmal im Infrarotbereich, wiedergegeben in verschiedenen Falschfarbenpaletten. Die analoge Version umfasst darüber hinaus zu jedem Bildpaar Erklärkarten auf 3 Niveaustufen, die das fotografierte Objekt beschreiben und den Erkenntnisgewinn durch die Infrarotaufnahme erläutern. Eine englische Version des Memorys ist ebenfalls vorhanden.Das Lernmaterial wurde für die 4.-6. Klasse entwickelt. Folgende fachinhaltliche Lernziele können mit dem Material erreicht werden: Die Lernenden können Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede von visuellem und infrarotem Licht benennen, insbesondere material- und wellenlängenabhängige Transmission, Absorption und Reflexion. Die Lernenden können astronomische Objekte benennen, die von Infrarotteleskopen beobachtet werden, und den Erkenntnisgewinn durch Beobachtung im Infraroten erläutern. Die Lernenden können irdische Objekte nennen, die Besonderheiten im Infraroten aufweisen, und den Erkenntnisgewinn durch Beobachtung im Infraroten erläutern.
description: SOFIA in der Grundschule
FM-AFM with hanging fiber probe for the study of liquid / liquid interfaces
Creators: name: Rocheron, Matthieu
name: Curtil, Christian
name: Klein, Hubert R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article describes how a frequency modulation AFM using a hanging fiber force probe made from a quartz tuning fork provides local measurements on liquid-liquid interfaces. After detailing the manufacture and calibration of the force probe, we provide evidence that this AFM is suitable for quantitative measurements at the interface between two liquids. The repeatability of the measurements allows a poly-dimethylsiloxane / water moving interface to be monitored over several hours : the evaporation of a water droplet immersed in poly-dimethylsiloxane is observed, and its interfacial tension evolution over time is measured. Deformation of the interface is also observed. These capabilities, and preliminary results on the interface between two immiscible liquids, pave the way for interface manipulation and study of complex fluid-fluid interfaces.
description: Final version accepted for publication in Langmuir
Tunable two-dimensional laser arrays with zero-phase locking
Creators: name: Teo, Wei Xin
name: Zhu, Weiwei
name: Gong, Jiangbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) laser arrays are shown to be achievable at a large scale by exploiting the interplay of higher-order topological insulator (HOTI) physics and the so-called non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE). The higher-order topology allows for the amplification and hence lasing of a single-mode protected by a band gap; whereas the NHSE, widely known to accumulate population in a biased direction in non-Hermitian systems, is introduced to compete with the topological localization of corner modes. By tuning the system parameters appropriately and pumping at one site only, a single topologically protected lasing mode delocalized across over two dimensions emerges, with its power widely tunable by adjusting the pump strength. Computational studies clearly indicate that the lasing mode thus engineered is stable, and the phase difference between nearest lasing sites is locked at zero, even after the disorder is accounted for. The total power of the lasing mode forming a 2D topological laser array is proportional to the area of the 2D lattice accommodating a HOTI phase. Based on existing experiments, we further propose to use coupled optical ring resonators as a promising platform to realize large-scale 2D laser arrays.
description: 4+ pages of main text plus 3+ pages of supplementary material, 9 figures in total
title: Wissenschaftliche Begleitung des Projekts „UNI on TOP“ der Mercator School of Management an der Universität Duisburg-Essen: Eine hypothesengenerierende Untersuchung der Herausforderungen der Projektbeteiligten beim Einstieg in ein parallel zur kaufmännischen Berufsausbildung laufendes Studium der Betriebswirtschaftslehre am Campus in Duisburg
Creators: name: Neuhaus, Marie
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 330
subject: 000

description: Das Programm „UNI on TOP“ richtet sich an Berufsschüler*innen, denen es ermöglicht wird, neben der Ausbildung zu studieren. Dabei werden Auszubildenden ca. dreißig Credits für eine erfolgreich abgeschlossene Ausbildung angerechnet. Ziel des Programms ist es unter anderem, einen Berufsausbildungsabschluss und den Studienabschluss des Bachelors in vier Jahren zu ermöglichen. Die Organisation und Durchführung des Programms „UNI on TOP" stehen noch am Anfang. Die Zusammenarbeit verschiedener Akteure, also Universität, Berufskollegs, Ausbildungsbetriebe und Auszubildende, die als Kooperationsstudierende auftreten, ist für das Programm und den Erfolg maßgebend. Die vorliegende Arbeit von Marie Neuhaus untersucht die Herausforderungen der Zusammenarbeit der verschiedenen Akteure und die daraus abgeleiteten Bedarfe, um den Problemen, die sich aus diesem komplexen Zusammenspiel ergeben können, entgegenwirken zu können.
description: IDE-Schriftenreihe, vol. 26
Bound state of a He-3 atom at the interface of crystal and superfluid He-4
Creators: name: Boninsegni, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bound state of a He-3 atom at the interface between coexisting crystalline and superfluid phases of He-4 is studied theoretically by means of first principle Quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We consider both the case of a solid/superfluid He-4 interface, as well as that of a few solid layers of He-4 forming on an attractive substrate. It is observed that the He-3 bound state is sharply localized in a well-defined, quasi-2D layer of He-4 in the region intermediate between the solid and the liquid. The layer in which the He-3 atom resides displays an intriguing interplay of atomic localization and quantum-mechanical exchanges; is not necessarily the first "non-solid" layer, as suggested in previous studies, and it is affected by the attractive strength of the substrate.
description: Replaced with published version
Second-order magnetic responses in quantum magnets: Magnetization under ac magnetic fields
Creators: name: Kaneko, Tatsuya
name: Murakami, Yuta
name: Takayoshi, Shintaro
name: Millis, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate second-order magnetic responses of quantum magnets against ac magnetic fields. We focus on the case where the $z$ component of the spin is conserved in the unperturbed Hamiltonian and the driving field is applied in the $xy$ plane. We find that linearly polarized driving fields induce a second-harmonic response, while circularly polarized fields generate only a zero-frequency response, leading to a magnetization with a direction determined by the helicity. Employing an unbiased numerical method, we demonstrate the nonlinear magnetic effect driven by the circularly polarized field in the XXZ model and show that the magnitude of the magnetization can be predicted by the dynamical spin structure factor in the linear response regime.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Analysis of globalization with regard to welfare
Creators: name: Chen, Sean
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Globalization has been a system that is both criticized and applauded. This paper will look at the relationship between globalization and welfare. It will ultimately attempt to answer whether or not globalization increase or decreases welfare. One side argues that globalization increases welfare because it is making the world more efficient and that there is statistical evidence to prove its necessity. The other side argues that globalization decreases welfare because it often achieves efficiency at the cost of the poor and the environment. The result of this paper demonstrates that globalization increases welfare but at the expense of the environment. Statistical evidence has shown that globalization leads to an increase in both consumption and development but decreases poverty. Globalization creates negative environmental damage in which the global community will have to address and evolve in a way where globalization becomes sustainable.
Feasibility study for a pellet mill in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia
Creators: name: Smidstra, Robert
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This report is to look at the possibility of establishing a pellet mill in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia. It will do an analysis on wood fibre supply and wood pellet demand, as well give an overview of market characteristics and operating prices, Later, the report will go over the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats a mill in the Lower Mainland would have. There is great potential in the Lower Mainland to establish a pellet mill. There is a large source of quality fibre from numerous sources. The mill would have the unique chance to use urban wood waste as well as of local slash wood fibre as well as the traditional sawdust and chip fibre from local sawmills. The cost of sawdust and chip fibre in Vancouver is quite expensive due to the over competition from multiple users. Therefore, material costs maybe would be higher than an average mill. In addition, the wood pellet industry is very competitive, and it is hard to be profitable when prices of fibre, transportation, and final sale are always changing. However, since transportation cost is the majority of the total cost of most pellet companies, a Vancouver mill would have a competitive advantage over other mills in Western Canada. The demand for wood pellets globally is expected to double in all markets and become one the main drivers to reduce GHG emissions with the change of power plants co-firing with wood pellets. There is a question whether how sustainable shipping wood pellets across oceans can be, but hopefully Canada will develop a larger bioenergy market to reduce the reliance on European sales to make a profit. The goal of this product is to sell into any viable market but mainly Asia since being it is the closest international market except for the United States, it would have the lowest freighting costs associated with it. With the current analysis, I believe the market is attractive and it would be a good idea to start a pellet mill in the Vancouver region.
The competent Computational Thinking test (cCTt): Development and validation of an unplugged Computational Thinking test for upper primary school
Creators: name: El-Hamamsy, Laila
name: Zapata-Cáceres, María
name: Barroso, Estefanía Martín
name: Mondada, Francesco
name: Zufferey, Jessica Dehler
name: Bruno, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the increasing importance of Computational Thinking (CT) at all levels of education, it is essential to have valid and reliable assessments. Currently, there is a lack of such assessments in upper primary school. That is why we present the development and validation of the competent CT test (cCTt), an unplugged CT test targeting 7-9 year-old students. In the first phase, 37 experts evaluated the validity of the cCTt through a survey and focus group. In the second phase, the test was administered to 1519 students. We employed Classical Test Theory, Item Response Theory, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis to assess the instruments' psychometric properties. The expert evaluation indicates that the cCTt shows good face, construct, and content validity. Furthermore, the psychometric analysis of the student data demonstrates adequate reliability, difficulty, and discriminability for the target age groups. Finally, shortened variants of the test are established through Confirmatory Factor Analysis. To conclude, the proposed cCTt is a valid and reliable instrument, for use by researchers and educators alike, which expands the portfolio of validated CT assessments across compulsory education. Future assessments looking at capturing CT in a more exhaustive manner might consider combining the cCTt with other forms of assessments.
description: To appear in the Journal of Educational Computing Research
How to Save the World: The Almost Complete Story of Thomas J. Savage
Creators: name: Thomas J. Savage*
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Interaction, evolution, bio, EI (Evolutionary Intelligence), EE (Evolutionary Emotions), EC (Evolutionary Craftsmanship), personal problems, world problems.

description: Abstract: I tell personal stories of a three-year-old’s efforts to steal a toy red fire engine, a boy’s growing up with parents who were totally absent, and his parents growing up with similar parents. Yet these stories are not so unusual, for they all illustrate the fundamental nature of the way of life of modern society. Yet all this can and must change if the human race is to survive its increasing and deadly problems without solutions. I advance a central idea:

The human being, the most interactive being throughout the known universe, has the potential to continue to evolve intellectually (“head”), emotionally (“heart”), and with problem-solving actions (“hand”). I advance seven ideas for how we can learn to fulfill that potential: 1. When we come to realize that the way of life of existing societies is pointing us all toward problems without solutions. 2. When it is clearly demonstrated that a substantial number of individuals have actually succeeded in traveling on that yellow brick road. 3. When we come to realize that our own potential is no different from that of those individuals. 4. When paths open up for us to learn to move in an evolutionary direction, and to afford to do so. 5. When we begin to embark on those paths, and we find that it is rewarding for us to move in this evolutionary direction: intellectually, emotionally, and in our ability to solve problems. 6. When we continue to receive encouragement from others. 7. When we reach the point where we learn to teach others to do the same.
Scanning tunneling microscopy of Bi$_2$Te$_3$ films prepared by pulsed laser deposition: from nanocrystalline structures to van der Waals epitaxy
Creators: name: Fedotov, N. I.
name: Maizlakh, A. A.
name: Pavlovskiy, V. V.
name: Rybalchenko, G. V.
name: Zaitsev-Zotov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bi$_2$Te$_3$ is a material with high efficiency of thermoelectric energy conversion. Recently, it was also recognized as a topological insulator, and is often used as the basis for creation of other types of topological matter. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is widely considered as a simple method for growing of multicomponent films, but not as a tool for van der Waals epitaxy. We demonstrate here that the van der Waals epitaxy of Bi$_2$Te$_3$ is indeed impossible in vacuum PLD, but is possible in the presence of a background gas, which is confirmed by the results of scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy studies. Results of {\it ab initio} calculations reproduce tunneling spectra of the first three terraces of epitaxial films of Bi$_2$Te$_3$. In addition, an unusual hexagonal superstructure resembling a charge-density wave is observed in overheated films.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, to be published in Surfaces and Interfaces
XX ASRDA QASHQADARYO VOHASI AHOLISINING ETNODEMOGRAFIK HOLATINI OʻRGANILISHI VA TADQIQ ETILISHI
Creators: name: Salayev, F.Sh.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada XX asrda  Qashqadaryo vohasi aholisining etnodemografik holatini olimlar va soha mutaxassislar tomonidan  oʻrganilishi va tadqiq etilishi yoritilgan. Maqolada voha aholisining demografik holati va etnik tarkibining oʻrganilishi va tadqiq etilishi doir XX asrdagi  ilmiy tadqiqotlar va asarlar tahlili hamda Oʻzbekiston mustaqilligi davrida yaratilgan asarlar, ilmiy  va nazariy tadqiqotlar tahlil qilingan.
Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption of strontium triplet states in a weak microwave field
Creators: name: Zhou, Yan-Li
name: Yan, Dong
name: Li, Weibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically laser excitation of Rydberg triplet states of strontium atoms in the presence of weak microwave (MW) fields. Starting from the ground state $5s^2\,^1S_0$, the Rydberg excitation is realized through the metastable, triplet $5s5p\,^3P_1$ state, whose decay rate $γ_2$ is $2π\times 7.5$ kHz, much smaller than the one in the singlet state or alkali atoms. The influences of $γ_2$ on the transparency and absorption spectrum in the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) regime are examined. Narrow transparent windows (EIT) or absorption peaks (EIA) are found, whose distance in the spectrum depends on the Rabi frequency of the weak MW field. It is found that the spectrum exhibits higher contrast than using the singlet state or alkali atoms in typical situations. Using the metastable intermediate state, we find that resonance fluorescence of Sr gases exhibits very narrow peaks, which are modulated by the MW field. When the MW field is weaker than the probe and control light, the spectrum distance of these peaks are linearly proportional to $Ω_m$. This allows us to propose a new way to sense very weak MW fields through resonance fluorescence. Our study shows that the Sr triplet state could be used to develop the Rydberg MW electrometry that gains unique advantages.
Effects of particle roughness on the rheology and structure of capillary suspensions
Creators: name: Allard, Jens
name: Burgers, Sanne
name: González, Miriam Candelaria Rodríguez
name: Zhu, Yanshen
name: De Feyter, Steven
name: Koos, Erin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that particle roughness leads to changes in the number, shape and resulting capillary force of liquid bridges in capillary suspensions. We created fluorescently labeled, raspberry-like particles with varying roughness by electrostatically adsorbing silica nanoparticles with sizes between 40 nm and 250 nm on silica microparticles. Rougher particles require more liquid to fill the surface asperities before they form pendular bridges, resulting in smaller and weaker bridges. In a system where the effective bridge volume is adjusted, higher particle roughness leads to less clustered networks, which show a higher yield strain for a matching storage modulus compared to the smooth particle networks. This finding suggests that the particle-particle frictional contacts also affects the strength of capillary suspensions. Using asymptotically nonlinear oscillatory rheology, we corroborate the non-cubical power law scaling of the third harmonic in the shear stress response that results from both Hertzian contacts and friction between particles connected by capillary bridges. We demonstrate that the repulsive Hertzian contact parameter $A$ is sensitive to the liquid bridge strength and that roughness appears to shift the relative scaling of the power law exponents from adhesive-controlled friction to load-controlled friction.
Supplementary document for A chiral topological add-drop filter for integrated quantum photonic circuits - 6167250.pdf
Creators: name: Mehrabad, Mahmoud Jalali
name: Foster, Andrew
name: Martin, Nicholas
name: Dost, Rene
name: Clarke, Edmund
name: Patil, Pallavi
name: Skolnick, Maurice
name: Wilson, Luke
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supporting Information
Scripts for TCR Repertoire Analysis Following the Emergence of de novo Antigens from Radiosensitizer-Induced Immunogenic Cell Death
Creators: name: Fujita, Yoshiko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Here, we provide all code files used for clonotype analysis based on the TCR-seq data deposited in the dataset GSE281671.This study aimed to investigate the effect of de novo antigens—originating from dying cells induced by a radiosensitizer developed in our laboratory—on the T cell repertoire as an endogenous vaccine effect.In the experimental design, B16F10 tumor-bearing mice received radiotherapy in combination with the radiosensitizer. On day 7 post-treatment, CD8⁺ T cells were isolated from the spleen and B16F10 tumors and subjected to TCR repertoire analysis using next-generation sequencing.This analysis revealed that de novo antigens derived from radiosensitizer-induced cell death diversified the CD8⁺ T cell repertoire in secondary lymphoid organs. Newly primed TCR clonotypes infiltrated the tumor, where antigen-reactive TCR clonotypes underwent clonal expansion.
A laser interferometer accelerometer for vibration sensitive cryogenic experiments
Creators: name: Bajpai, Rishabh
name: Tomaru, Takayuki
name: Yamamoto, Kazuhiro
name: Ushiba, Takafumi
name: Kimura, Nobuhiro
name: Suzuki, Toshikazu
name: Yamada, Tomohiro
name: Honda, Tohru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monitoring motion originating from ultra low-temperature cooling systems like cryocoolers is important for vibration sensitive cryogenic experiments like KAGRA. Since no commercial cryogenic accelerometers are available, we developed a compact self-calibrating accelerometer with a Michelson interferometer readout for cryogenic use. Change in calibration factor and drop in interferometer output originating from temperature drop were the main concerns which were tackled. Sensitivity of $3.38\times10^{-11}$ m/$\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ at 1 Hz was achieved at 300 K. The accelerometer was tested inside the KAGRA cryostat; showed stable operation down to 12 K in 0.1-100 Hz band with only 1% visibility drop. Our accelerometer can be employed in low vibration cryogenic environment for a multitude of applications.
title: Rezension: Kisha G. Tracy: Why Study the Middle Ages?
Creators: name: Utz, Richard
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 400

description: Leeds: ARC Humanities Press, 2022. 118pp. $17,95. ISBN 9781641891974 (broschiertes Buch)
description: Perspicuitas: ​Internet-Periodicum für mediävistische Sprach-, Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaft, vol. 2023
Effective Actions for Regge Piecewise Flat Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Mikovic, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the construction of the path integral and the corresponding effective action for the Regge formulation of General Relativity under the assumption that the short-distance structure of the spacetime is not a smooth 4-manifold, but a picewise linear manifold based on a triangulation of a smooth 4-manifold. We point out that the exponentially damped 4-volume path-integral measure does not give a finite path integral, although it can be used for the construction of the perturbative effective action. We modify the 4-volume measure by multiplying it by an inverse power of the product of the edge-lengths such that the new measure gives a finite path integral while it retains all the nice features of the unmodified measure.
description: 24 pages. Some additional remarks added. Invited contribution to "Probing Quantum Gravity" in journal Universe
Generalized multifractality at the spin quantum Hall transition: Percolation mapping and pure-scaling observables
Creators: name: Karcher, Jonas F.
name: Gruzberg, Ilya A.
name: Mirlin, Alexander D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work extends the analysis of the generalized multifractality of critical eigenstates at the spin quantum Hall transition in two-dimensional disordered superconductors [J. F. Karcher et al, Annals of Physics, 435, 168584 (2021)]. A mapping to classical percolation is developed for a certain set of generalized-multifractality observables. In this way, exact analytical results for the corresponding exponents are obtained. Furthermore, a general construction of positive pure-scaling eigenfunction observables is presented, which permits a very efficient numerical determination of scaling exponents. In particular, all exponents corresponding to polynomial pure-scaling observables up to the order $q=5$ are found numerically. For the observables for which the percolation mapping is derived, analytical and numerical results are in perfect agreement with each other. The analytical and numerical results unambiguously demonstrate that the generalized parabolicity (i.e., proportionality to eigenvalues of the quadratic Casimir operator) does not hold for the spectrum of generalized-multifractality exponents. This excludes Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten models, and, more generally, any theories with local conformal invariance, as candidates for the fixed-point theory of the spin quantum Hall transition. The observable construction developed in this work paves a way to investigation of generalized multifractality at Anderson-localization critical points of various symmetry classes.
description: 37 pages, 7 figures
A remark on deformations of $1$-convex manifolds with exceptional curves
Creators: name: Wang, Sz-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32S30, 14B07, 13H10, 32F10, 32S45, 32S35

description: A formula for the dimension of the smoothing component of a $3$-dimensional isolated Cohen--Macaulay singularity is shown. We apply this formula for a $1$-convex threefold with a connected exceptional curve which is blown down to a terminal Gorenstein singularity.
description: 10 pages. The final version is accepted for publication in Bull. des Sci. Math
Uncertainty-aware Contrastive Distillation for Incremental Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: Yang, Guanglei
name: Fini, Enrico
name: Xu, Dan
name: Rota, Paolo
name: Ding, Mingli
name: Nabi, Moin
name: Alameda-Pineda, Xavier
name: Ricci, Elisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A fundamental and challenging problem in deep learning is catastrophic forgetting, i.e. the tendency of neural networks to fail to preserve the knowledge acquired from old tasks when learning new tasks. This problem has been widely investigated in the research community and several Incremental Learning (IL) approaches have been proposed in the past years. While earlier works in computer vision have mostly focused on image classification and object detection, more recently some IL approaches for semantic segmentation have been introduced. These previous works showed that, despite its simplicity, knowledge distillation can be effectively employed to alleviate catastrophic forgetting. In this paper, we follow this research direction and, inspired by recent literature on contrastive learning, we propose a novel distillation framework, Uncertainty-aware Contrastive Distillation (\method). In a nutshell, \method~is operated by introducing a novel distillation loss that takes into account all the images in a mini-batch, enforcing similarity between features associated to all the pixels from the same classes, and pulling apart those corresponding to pixels from different classes. In order to mitigate catastrophic forgetting, we contrast features of the new model with features extracted by a frozen model learned at the previous incremental step. Our experimental results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed distillation technique, which can be used in synergy with previous IL approaches, and leads to state-of-art performance on three commonly adopted benchmarks for incremental semantic segmentation. The code is available at \url{https://github.com/ygjwd12345/UCD}.
description: TPAMI