cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
XMM-Newton observation of the 5.25 ms transient millisecond pulsar XTE J1807-294 in outburst
Creators: name: Campana, S.
name: Ravasio, M.
name: Israel, G. L.
name: Mangano, V.
name: Belloni, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results obtained for the millisecond transient X-ray pulsar XTE J1807-294 in a 40 min orbital period system, based on an XMM-Newton ToO observation carried out during March 2003. The source was found at a luminosity level of about 2x10^36 erg/s in the 0.5-10 keV range (assuming a distance of 8 kpc). We confirm the presence of the 5.25 ms pulsations (after accounting for the orbital modulation) and find a pulsed fraction of 5.8% in the 0.3-10 keV band. The pulse shape in nearly sinusoidal. The spectral continuum of the source is well fitted by an absorbed Comptonization model plus a soft component. No emission or absorption lines have been detected in the 0.5-10 keV range with upper limits of 10-40 eV. The reported analysis represent the first detailed study of this source, the fourth belonging to the ultra-compact binary system class hosting an accreting neutron star.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL
ANÁLISE DE CO-INTEGRAÇÃO E CAUSALIDADE ENTRE OS MERCADOS REGIONAIS DE SOJA NO BRASIL E OS EFEITOS DA TAXA DE CÂMBIO SOBRE OS PREÇOS FÍSICOS DA COMMODITY SOJA NAS COTAÇÕES DE SORRISO-MT
Analysis of Co-Integration and Causality Among Regional Markets for Soy in Brazil and the Effects of Exchange Rate About the Physical Commodity Soybean Price Quotes in Sorriso-MT
Creators: name: Brum, Argemiro Luis
name: Dalfovo, Wylmor Tives
name: Fernandez, Gilberto Sisto
name: Zabot, Udilmar Carlos
name: Brum, Argemiro Luis
name: Dalfovo, Wylmor Tives
name: Fernandez, Gilberto Sisto
name: Zabot, Udilmar Carlos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Co-integration and causality
subject: regional markets
subject: soybean commodity
subject: exchange rate
subject: physical prices

description: The present article has the objective of analyzing the degree of co-integration of the main markets for soybean in Brazil from the perspective of price levels and the effects of exchange rate fluctuations on soybean prices, based on the city of Sorriso, MT, Brazil. We used econometric analysis by means of a study on long-term relations between quotations and the presence of causality effects between these markets, as well as impulse and response, and variance decomposition functions, based on the VAR model. The results highlight that, despite the differences in prices, there is a long-term co-integration between quotations within the country, which temporally precedes the price quotations observed in other regions, including on prices in Mato Grosso. We could not identify a statistically significant influence of the exchange rate over the physical prices of soybean. On the contrary, there was little significant relation regarding the transfer of a few systemic impulses that aid in explaining price behavior in the short term, with no lasting effects.
Can you see what you feel? Color and folding properties affect visual–tactile material discrimination of fabrics
Creators: name: Adelson, Edward H.
name: Xiao, Bei
name: Bi, Wenyan
name: Jia, Xiaodan
name: Wei, Hanhan
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Humans can often estimate tactile properties of objects from vision alone. For example, during online shopping, we can often infer material properties of clothing from images and judge how the material would feel against our skin. What visual information is important for tactile perception? Previous studies in material perception have focused on measuring surface appearance, such as gloss and roughness, and using verbal reports of material attributes and categories. However, in real life, predicting tactile properties of an object might not require accurate verbal descriptions of its surface attributes or categories. In this paper, we use tactile perception as ground truth to measure visual material perception. Using fabrics as our stimuli, we measure how observers match what they see (photographs of fabric samples) with what they feel (physical fabric samples). The data shows that color has a significant main effect in that removing color significantly reduces accuracy, especially when the images contain 3-D folds. We also find that images of draped fabrics, which revealed 3-D shape information, achieved better matching accuracy than images with flattened fabrics. The data shows a strong interaction between color and folding conditions on matching accuracy, suggesting that, in 3D folding conditions, the visual system takes advantage of chromatic gradients to infer tactile properties but not in flattened conditions. Together, using a visual–tactile matching task, we show that humans use folding and color information in matching the visual and tactile properties of fabrics.
El jurado de conciencia y su necesaria participación en juicio penal colombiano, momento oportuno para su reicorporación
Creators: name: Mesa Ramirez, Catalina
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Derecho penal - Legislación
subject: Instituciones públicas - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Sentencias - Colombia
subject: Jurado
subject: Conciencia
subject: Juicio
subject: Reincorporación
subject: Acusatorio

description: El juicio con jurado es una deuda con la democracia, en estos tiempos estamos de frente ante una realidad que no podemos negar y es el interés serio por parte de los ciudadanos en los temas que antes eran exclusivos de las instituciones estatales, hoy hay una profunda desconfianza en la administración de justicia, tal y como esta concebida y un mayor compromiso por parte de las personas en ser vigilantes y participativos en lo relevante de la nación, es por ello que cada vez, es más común las criticas, comentarios y pronunciamientos sobre las sentencias de los jueces, la intervención democrática del pueblo en la administración de justicia es una figura esencial en el sistema acusatorio, que debe arribar de nuevo a nuestro país, pero esta vez con las reglas y conceptos claros y dar cumplimiento con el mandato constitucional, en la reincorporación es necesario dar una mirada a la experiencia argentina un país vecino, este si, con condiciones socioculturales similares a Colombia y que nos permite tener una mayor visión sobre aciertos y desaciertos concediéndonos mayor insumo al momento de legislar al respecto y no volver a fallarle a la institución del jurado.
description: The jury trial is a debt to democracy, in these times we are faced with a reality that we cannot deny and that is the serious interest on the part of citizens in issues that were previously exclusive to state institutions, today there is a profound distrust in the administration of justice, as it is conceived and a greater commitment on the part of people to be vigilant and participatory in what is relevant to the nation, this is the reason there are criticism, comments and statements about the sentences of the judges, the democratic intervention of the people in the administration of justice is an essential figure in the accusatory criminal system, which must arrive again in our country, but this time with clear rules and concepts and comply with the constitutional mandate In reincorporation it is necessary to look at the Argentine experience, a neighboring country, this one, with sociocultural conditions similar to Colombia and that allows us to have a greater vision of successes and failures, giving us greater input when legislating in this regard and not fail again to the institution of the jury.
Normal epithelial and triple-negative breast cancer cells show the same invasion potential in rigid spatial confinement
Creators: name: Ficorella, Carlotta
name: Vasquez, Rebeca Martinez
name: Heine, Paul
name: Lepera, Eugenia
name: Cao, Jing
name: Warmt, Enrico
name: Osellame, Roberto
name: Käs, Josef A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The extra-cellular microenvironment has a fundamental role in tumor growth and progression, strongly affecting the migration strategies adopted by single cancer cells during metastatic invasion. In this study, we use a novel microfluidic device to investigate the ability of mesenchymal and epithelial breast tumor cells to fluidize and migrate through narrowing microstructures upon chemoattractant stimulation. We compare the migration behavior of two mesenchymal breast cancer cell lines and one epithelial cell line, and find that the epithelial cells are able to migrate through the narrowest microconstrictions as the more invasive mesenchymal cells. In addition, we demonstrate that migration of epithelial cells through a highly compressive environment can occur in absence of a chemoattractive stimulus, thus evidencing that they are just as prone to react to mechanical cues as invasive cells.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures
Entanglement production in a chaotic quantum dot
Creators: name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
name: Kindermann, M.
name: Marcus, C. M.
name: Yacoby, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been shown theoretically that elastic scattering in the Fermi sea produces quantum mechanically entangled states. The mechanism is similar to entanglement by a beam splitter in optics, but a key distinction is that the electronic mechanism works even if the source is in local thermal equilibrium. An experimental realization was proposed using tunneling between two edge channels in a strong magnetic field. Here we investigate a low-magnetic field alternative, using multiple scattering in a quantum dot. Two pairs of single-channel point contacts define a pair of qubits. If the scattering is chaotic, a universal statistical description of the entanglement production (quantified by the concurrence) is possible. The mean concurrence turns out to be almost independent on whether time-reversal symmetry is broken or not. We show how the concurrence can be extracted from a Bell inequality using low-frequency noise measurements, without requiring the tunneling assumption of earlier work.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, Kluwer style file included
title: Interpretable and fast dimension reduction of multivariate data
Creators: name: Enki, Doyo Gragn
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2011

description: The main objective of this thesis is to propose new techniques to simplify the interpretation of newly formed 'variables' or components, while reducing the dimensionality of multivariate data. Most attention is given to the interpretation of principal components, although one chapter is devoted to that of factors in factor analysis. Sparse principal components are proposed, in which some of the component loadings are made exactly zero. One approach is to make use of the idea of correlation biplots, where orthogonal matrix of sparse loadings is obtained from computing the biplot factors of the product of principal component loading matrix and functions of their variances. Other approaches in volve clustering of variables as a pre-processings tep, so that sparse components are computed from the data or correlation matrix of each cluster. New clustering techniques are proposed for this purpose. In addition, a penalized varimax approach is proposed for simplifying the interpretation of factors in factor analysis, especially for factor solutions with considerably different sum of squares. This is done by adding a penalty term to the ordinary varimax criterion. Data sets of varying sizes, both synthetic and real, are used to illustrate the proposed methods, and the results are compared with those of existing ones. In the case of principal component analysis, the resulting sparse components are found to be more interpretable (sparser) and explain higher cumulative percentage of adjusted variance compared to their counterparts from other techniques. The penalized varimax approach contributes in finding a factor solution with simple structures which are not revealed by the standard varimax solution. The proposed methods are very simple to understand and involve fast algorithms compared to some of the existing methods. They contribute much to the interpretation of components in a reduced dimension while dealing with dimensionality reduction of multivariate data.
Paravelia ornata Rodrigues 2014
Creators: name: Carrenho, Renan
name: Rodrigues, Higor D. D.
name: Lima, Adriana Carneiro de
name: Schwertner, Cristiano F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Veliidae
Paravelia
Paravelia ornata

description: Paravelia ornata Rodrigues et al., 2014
 Paravelia ornata Rodrigues, Moreira, Nieser, Chen & Melo in Rodrigues et al., 2014b: 17-19, figs. 10, 12A-D, 21.
 Holotype: Macropterous ♂, glued to pinned paper; [Brasil], Tapuruquara, Rio Negro, AM [azonas], 26-27. XI.1962, J. Bechyné col.
 Paratypes: 3 macropterous ♂, 2 macropterous ♀, glued to pinned paper, a male with abdominal segment VIII and genitalia in microvial; Barcelos AM [azonas], Brasil, 18-22.II.1963, J. Bechyné col.
 Remarks: In the original description, the authors specified geographical coordinates for the two localities mentioned above.
description: Published as part of Carrenho, Renan, Rodrigues, Higor D. D., Lima, Adriana Carneiro de & Schwertner, Cristiano F., 2020, Type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) housed in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-16 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 on page 9, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.17, http://zenodo.org/record/4614885
Rhagovelia sbolos Nieser & Melo 1997
Creators: name: Carrenho, Renan
name: Rodrigues, Higor D. D.
name: Lima, Adriana Carneiro de
name: Schwertner, Cristiano F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Veliidae
Rhagovelia
Rhagovelia sbolos

description: Rhagovelia sbolos Nieser & Melo, 1997
 Rhagovelia sbolos Nieser & Melo, 1997: 105, 107, figs. 122-123.
 Lectotype: Apterous ♀,glued to pinned paper; Brasil,M.G. [Minas Gerais], Nova Lima, São Seb.[astião das] Ag.[uas] Claras, Ribão [Ribeirão] Marumbé, 01.III.1994, Nieser col.
 Paralectotype: Apterous ♂, glued to pinned paper; same data as holotype.
 Remarks: Nemésio & Melo (2012) made the lectotype designation. The nomenclatural history of this species can be found in Moreira et al. (2010) and Nemésio & Melo (2012).
description: Published as part of Carrenho, Renan, Rodrigues, Higor D. D., Lima, Adriana Carneiro de & Schwertner, Cristiano F., 2020, Type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) housed in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-16 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 on page 9, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.17, http://zenodo.org/record/4614885
Instabilities of interacting electrons on the triangular lattice
Creators: name: Honerkamp, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent finding of superconductivity in layered CoO_2 compounds, we investigate superconducting and magnetic instabilities of interacting electrons on the two-dimensional triangular lattice. Using a one-loop renormalization group scheme for weak to moderate coupling strengths, we find that for purely local interactions U>0 and small Fermi surfaces the renormalization group flow remains bounded down to very low scales and no superconducting or other instabilities can be detected. Antiferromagnetic exchange interactions J generate a wide density region with a d_{x^2-y^2}+id_{xy}-wave superconducting instability similar to recent proposals for the strongly correlated t-J model. For larger Fermi surface volumes the interactions flow to strong coupling also for purely local interactions U>0. We find a singlet pairing instability in the vicinity of strong magnetic ordering tendencies at three wavevectors for the van Hove filling.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Can you see what you feel? Color and folding properties affect visual–tactile material discrimination of fabrics
Creators: name: Adelson, Edward H.
name: Xiao, Bei
name: Bi, Wenyan
name: Jia, Xiaodan
name: Wei, Hanhan
Publisher: name: Journal of Vision
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: Humans can often estimate tactile properties of objects from vision alone. For example, during online shopping, we can often infer material properties of clothing from images and judge how the material would feel against our skin. What visual information is important for tactile perception? Previous studies in material perception have focused on measuring surface appearance, such as gloss and roughness, and using verbal reports of material attributes and categories. However, in real life, predicting tactile properties of an object might not require accurate verbal descriptions of its surface attributes or categories. In this paper, we use tactile perception as ground truth to measure visual material perception. Using fabrics as our stimuli, we measure how observers match what they see (photographs of fabric samples) with what they feel (physical fabric samples). The data shows that color has a significant main effect in that removing color significantly reduces accuracy, especially when the images contain 3-D folds. We also find that images of draped fabrics, which revealed 3-D shape information, achieved better matching accuracy than images with flattened fabrics. The data shows a strong interaction between color and folding conditions on matching accuracy, suggesting that, in 3D folding conditions, the visual system takes advantage of chromatic gradients to infer tactile properties but not in flattened conditions. Together, using a visual–tactile matching task, we show that humans use folding and color information in matching the visual and tactile properties of fabrics.
Federal Campaign Expenditure Codebook
Creators: name: Sheingate, Adam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160699 Political Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This codebook includes definitions for purpose codes, a brief description of the coding method, and a table listing the top ten expenditures by category,
Suggested Citation: Adam Sheingate, Federal Campaign Expenditure Dataset: Codebook, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12120906
Demonstration of electron focusing using electronic lenses in low-dimensional system
Creators: name: Yan, Chengyu
name: Pepper, Michael
name: See, Patrick
name: Farrer, Ian
name: Ritchie, David
name: Griffiths, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an all-electric integrable electron focusing lens in n-type GaAs. It is shown that a pronounced focusing peak takes place when the focal point aligns with an on-chip detector. The intensity and full width half maximum (FWHM) of the focusing peak are associated with the collimation of injected electrons. To demonstrate the reported focusing lens can be a useful tool, we investigate characteristic of an asymmetrically gate biased quantum point contact with the assistance of focusing lens. A correlation between the occurrence of conductance anomaly in low conductance regime and increase in FWHM of focusing peak is observed. The correlation is likely due to the electron-electron interaction. The reported electron focusing lens is essential for a more advanced electron optics device.
Measurement of |V_cb| using the semileptonic decay anti-B0d -> D*+ l- anti-nu_l
Creators: name: The DELPHI Collaboration
name: Abdallah, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data from Z decays in DELPHI have been searched for anti-B0d -> D*+ l- anti-nu_l with the D*+ decaying to D0 pi+ and D0 -> K- pi+, K- pi+ pi+ pi- or K- pi+ (pi0). These events are used to measure the CKM matrix element |V_cb| and the form factor slope, rho_{A_1}^2: F_D*(1)|Vcb| = 0.0392 +/- 0.0018 +/- 0.0023; rho_{A_1}^2 = 1.32 +/- 0.15 +/- 0.33 corresponding to a branching fraction: BR(anti-B0d -> D*+ l- anti-nu_l) = (5.90 +/- 0.22 +/- 0.50)%. Combining these and previous DELPHI measurements gives: F_D*(1)|Vcb| = 0.0377 +/- 0.0011 +/- 0.0019, rho_{A_1}^2 = 1.39 +/- 0.10 +/- 0.33 and BR(anti-B0d -> D*+ l- anti-nu_l) = (5.39 +/- 0.11 +/- 0.34)%. Using F_{D*}(1) = 0.91 +/- 0.04, yields: |Vcb| = 0.0414 +/- 0.0012(stat.) +/- 0.0021(syst.) +/- 0.0018(theory). The b-quark semileptonic branching fraction into a D*+ emitted from higher mass charmed excited states has also been measured to be: BR(b -> D*+ X l- anti-nu_l) = (0.67 +/- 0.08 +/- 0.10)%.
description: 35 pages, 9 figures, Accepted by Eur. Phys. J. C
El deber ser de la responsabilidad civil en la actuación penal
Creators: name: Gaviria Londoño, Vicente Emilio
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Acción penal - Legislación
subject: Sentencias - Colombia
subject: Derechos humanos - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Responsabilidad penal
subject: Responsabilidad civil
subject: Decisión en la actuación penal
subject: Accesoriedad

description: Cuando ocurre una conducta punible, tiene lugar la declaratoria de responsabilidad penal, pudiendo también surgir responsabilidad civil extracontractual en caso de verificarse que la conducta haya ocasionado daño y tenga relación de causalidad con este. Sin embargo, cuando el juez penal aborda el tema indemnizatorio, usualmente suele condenar al penalmente responsable y a quienes de conformidad con la ley sustancial deben reparar, sin analizar, probar y definir si respecto de ellos es predicable alguna clase de responsabilidad civil, pues la labor del juez se viene limitando simplemente a cuantificar unos perjuicios. Este modo de actuar, el cual puede tener su explicación en la errónea consideración de que la responsabilidad civil es accesoria a la penal, puede implicar violación de derechos fundamentales como defensa, contradicción, igualdad y debido proceso y constituir, eventualmente, un estado de cosas inconstitucional.
description: When punishable conduct occurs, criminal liability is declared, and non-contractual civil liability may also arise if it is verified that the conduct has caused damage and has a causal relationship with it. However, when the criminal judge deals with the issue of compensation, he usually convicts the criminally responsible party and those who, in accordance with the substantive law, must make reparations, without analyzing, proving and defining whether any kind of civil liability is predicable with respect to them, since the judge's work has been limited simply to quantifying damages. This way of acting, which may be explained by the erroneous consideration that civil liability is ancillary to criminal liability, may imply a violation of fundamental rights such as defense, contradiction, equality and due process and may constitute an unconstitutional state of affairs.
Dependence of Dust Obscuration on Star Formation Rates in Galaxies
Creators: name: Afonso, J.
name: Hopkins, A.
name: Mobasher, B.
name: Almeida, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many investigations of star formation rates (SFRs) in galaxies have explored details of dust obscuration, with a number of recent analyses suggesting that obscuration appears to increase in systems with high rates of star formation. To date these analyses have been primarily based on nearby (z < 0.03) or UV selected samples. Using 1.4 GHz imaging and optical spectroscopic data from the Phoenix Deep Survey, the SFR-dependent obscuration is explored. The use of a radio selected sample shows that previous studies exploring SFR-dependent obscurations have been biased against obscured galaxies. The observed relation between obscuration and SFR is found to be unsuitable to be used as an obscuration measure for individual galaxies. Nevertheless, it is shown to be successful as a first order correction for large samples of galaxies where no other measure of obscuration is available, out to intermediate redshifts (z ~ 0.8).
description: 9 pages (including 5 encapsulated postscript figures), aastex, uses emulateapj5.sty. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Libertad en el mercado en condiciones de igualdad material. La posición jurídica de las Mipymes en el orden constitucional colombiano
Creators: name: Herrera Tapias, Beliña Annery
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Derecho penal - Legislación
subject: Economía social de mercado - Estudios de caso
subject: Sentencias - Colombia
subject: Posición jurídica
subject: Mercado
subject: Libertades económicas
subject: Competencia
subject: Igualdad

description: Las Mipymes como sujeto y objeto de estudio, parten del contraste entre su importancia para el desarrollo económico como vehículo de justicia social y su deficiente configuración legal como sujetos específicos que ejercen la libertad de empresa, con elevada vulnerabilidad, que determina la necesidad de establecer, si tal estado de cosas es consistente con los mandatos constitucionales que ordenan la economía del Estado social de derecho. En particular los que han servido para reconocer como modelo, la economía social de mercado, y como principios la libre competencia, la igualdad tanto formal como material y el de solidaridad que a su vez comportan el de intervención del Estado en la economía. De tales premisas se parte para formular la tesis central de la investigación según la cual las Mipymes deben ser consideradas como sujetos de especial protección constitucional como posición jurídica subjetiva fundamental. Esta categoría constitucional es un desarrollo consecuente al principio de igualdad en su acepción material, cuyo propósito es favorecer a sujetos que no están en condiciones de ejercer derechos fundamentales, en virtud de encontrarse en una condición objetiva de debilidad manifiesta o desigualdad, que da lugar a proteger de manera privilegiada y dar amparo reforzado.
description: SMEs as a subject and object of study, start from the contrast between their importance for economic development as a vehicle of social justice and their deficient legal configuration as specific subjects that exercise the freedom of business, with high vulnerability, which determines the need to establish, whether such a state of affairs is consistent with the constitutional mandates that order the economy of the social State of law. In particular, those that have served to recognize the social market economy as a model, and as principles free competition, both formal and material equality and solidarity, which in turn entail the principle of State intervention in the economy. These premises are used to formulate the central thesis of the research according to which SMEs should be considered as subjects of special constitutional protection as a fundamental subjective legal position. This constitutional category is a consistent development of the principle of equality in its material meaning, whose purpose is to favor subjects who are not in a position to exercise fundamental rights, by virtue of being in an objective condition of manifest weakness or inequality, which gives rise to protect in a privileged manner and provide reinforced protection.
Slave-rotor mean field theories of strongly correlated systems and the Mott transition in finite dimensions
Creators: name: Florens, Serge
name: Georges, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multiorbital Hubbard model is expressed in terms of quantum phase variables (``slave rotors'') conjugate to the local charge, and of auxiliary fermions, providing an economical representation of the Hilbert space of strongly correlated systems. When the phase variables are treated in a local mean-field manner, similar results to the dynamical mean-field theory are obtained, namely a Brinkman-Rice transition at commensurate fillings together with a ``preformed'' Mott gap in the single-particle density of states. The slave- rotor formalism allows to go beyond the local description and take into account spatial correlations, following an analogy to the superfluid-insulator transition of bosonic systems. We find that the divergence of the effective mass at the metal- insulator transition is suppressed by short range magnetic correlations in finite-dimensional systems. Furthermore, the strict separation of energy scales between the Fermi- liquid coherence scale and the Mott gap found in the local picture, holds only approximately in finite dimensions, due to the existence of low-energy collective modes related to zero-sound.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
The structure of nilpotent Lie algebras of class two with derived subalgebra of dimension two
Creators: name: Johari, F.
name: Shamsaki, A.
name: Niroomand, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, the structure of all finite-dimensional nilpotent Lie algebras of class two with derived subalgebra of dimension two over an arbitrary field $ \mathbb{F} $ is determined. Furthermore, we give the structure of the Schur multiplier of such Lie algebras.
The maturation of offshore sourcing of information technology work
Creators: name: Agarwal, Ritu
name: Carmel, Erran
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Offshore sourcing of information technology (IT) work – whether to an inhouse offshore facility or a third-party located in another country – is increasing for a variety of reasons, including lower costs as compared with domestic outsourcing and an ample supply of qualified labor. Today, U.S. firms are at varying stages of offshore maturity. In our field work, we identified four stages of maturation: Offshore Bystanders are Stage 1 companies that do not outsource offshore at all, but may have a few advocates pushing the idea. Stage 2 companies, Offshore Experimenters, are pilot testing sourcing non-core IT processes offshore. Stage 3 companies take a Proactive Cost Focus and seek broad, corporate-wide leverage of cost efficiencies through offshore work. Stage 4 companies take a Proactive Strategic Focus and view offshore sourcing as a strategic imperative. This paper describes these four stages and the managerial tactics associated with each one. It also examines the dynamics of the global IT labor market, and recommends how to move up the maturity curve.
A contractive Hardy-Littlewood inequality
Creators: name: Kulikov, Aleksei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a contractive Hardy-Littlewood type inequality for functions from $H^p(\mathbb{T})$, $0 < p \le 2$ which is sharp in the first two Taylor coefficients and asymptotically at infinity.
description: 8 pages
Paravelia nieseri Moreira & Barbosa 2012
Creators: name: Carrenho, Renan
name: Rodrigues, Higor D. D.
name: Lima, Adriana Carneiro de
name: Schwertner, Cristiano F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Veliidae
Paravelia
Paravelia nieseri

description: Paravelia nieseri Moreira & Barbosa, 2012
 Paravelia nieseri Moreira & Barbosa, 2012: 61-63, figs. 10-18.
 Holotype: Macropterous ♂, glued to pinned paper; Serra [do] Caraça, 1.380 m, MG [Minas Gerais] – Brasil,XI.[1]961, Kloss, Lenko, Martins & Silva col.
 Paratypes: 2 macropterous ♂, glued to pinned paper with abdominal segment VIII and genitalia in microvial; same data as holotype. 1 macropterous ♀, glued to pinned paper; [Brasil] S.[erra do] Caraça (Engenho), 800 m, Minas [Gerais] XI.[1]961, Kloss, Lenko, Martins & Silva col.
description: Published as part of Carrenho, Renan, Rodrigues, Higor D. D., Lima, Adriana Carneiro de & Schwertner, Cristiano F., 2020, Type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) housed in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-16 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 on page 9, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.17, http://zenodo.org/record/4614885
The maturation of offshore sourcing of information technology work
Creators: name: Agarwal, Ritu
name: Carmel, Erran
Publisher: name: University of Minnesota
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: Offshore sourcing of information technology (IT) work – whether to an inhouse offshore facility or a third-party located in another country – is increasing for a variety of reasons, including lower costs as compared with domestic outsourcing and an ample supply of qualified labor. Today, U.S. firms are at varying stages of offshore maturity. In our field work, we identified four stages of maturation: Offshore Bystanders are Stage 1 companies that do not outsource offshore at all, but may have a few advocates pushing the idea. Stage 2 companies, Offshore Experimenters, are pilot testing sourcing non-core IT processes offshore. Stage 3 companies take a Proactive Cost Focus and seek broad, corporate-wide leverage of cost efficiencies through offshore work. Stage 4 companies take a Proactive Strategic Focus and view offshore sourcing as a strategic imperative. This paper describes these four stages and the managerial tactics associated with each one. It also examines the dynamics of the global IT labor market, and recommends how to move up the maturity curve.
Spin Splitting in Symmetrical SiGe Quantum Wells
Creators: name: Golub, L. E.
name: Ivchenko, E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin splitting of conduction electron states has been analyzed for all possible point symmetries of SiGe quantum well structures. A particular attention is paid to removal of spin degeneracy caused by the rotoinversion asymmetry of a (001) heterointerface between two diamond-lattice materials. The asymmetry is shown to result in spin splitting of both Rashba and Dresselhaus types in symmetrical SiGe quantum wells. Consequences of the spin splitting on spin relaxation are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Observational and theoretical constraints on the formation and early evolution of the first dust grains in galaxies at 5 < z < 10
Creators: name: Burgarella, D.
name: Nanni, A.
name: Hirashita, H.
name: Theule, P.
name: Inoue, A. K.
name: Takeuchi, T. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first generation of stars were born a few hundred million years after the big bang. These stars synthesized elements heavier than H and He, that are later expelled into the interstellar medium, initiating the rise of metals. Within this enriched medium, the first dust grains formed. This event is cosmological crucial for molecule formation as dust plays a major role by cooling low-metallicity star-forming clouds which can fragment to create lower mass stars. Collecting information on these first dust grains is difficult because of the negative alliance of large distances and low dust masses. We combine the observational information from galaxies at redshifts 5 < z < 10 to constrain their dust emission and theoretically understand the first evolutionary phases of the dust cycle. Spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are fitted with CIGALE and the physical parameters and their evolution are modelled. From this SED fitting, we build a dust emission template for this population of galaxies in the epoch of reionization. Our new models explain why some early galaxies are observed and others are not. We follow in time the formation of the first grains by supernovae later destroyed by other supernova blasts and expelled in the circumgalactic and intergalactic media. We have found evidence for the first dust grains formed in the universe. But, above all, this letter underlines the need to collect more data and to develop new facilities to further constrain the dust cycle in galaxies in the epoch of reionization.
description: Paper accepted for publication in section 4. Extragalactic astronomy of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Feb. 2020). Correction typo in caption of Fig. 1
Anti-cartel enforcement and subsequent mergers : state-level evidence for physician groups
Creators: name: Feinberg, Robert
Publisher: name: Economics Bulletin
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: From the earliest days of antitrust, it has been clear that cartel pricing and monopoly pricing (given certain cost conditions) yield equivalent results. An implication of this is that government actions limiting either of cartels or mergers should provide incentive for more of the other. Despite the somewhat intuitive theoretical support for a relationship, there has been little empirical investigation into the role that antitrust enforcement of one type might have on firms in pursuing anti-competitive actions of the other. The emergence of significant state-level antitrust enforcement over the past several decades provides us with the opportunity to take advantage of the considerable variation in this enforcement and possibly identify resulting merger activity affecting small geographic markets. In this paper we use variation in state antitrust enforcement to proxy differing signals sent to health professionals and then study the impact on consolidation of physician groups at the state level. While trends in the consolidation by U.S. health practitioners over the past several decades have been driven by a variety of market and policy determinants, this paper provides suggestive evidence that one contributing factor may have been the introduction of the threat of state-level antitrust enforcement against horizontal agreements within local markets.
A deep survey of heavy element lines in planetary nebulae -- II. Recombination line abundances and evidence for ultra-cold plasma
Creators: name: Tsamis, Y. G.
name: Barlow, M. J.
name: Liu, X. -W.
name: Storey, P. J.
name: Danziger, I. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] Deep optical observations of the spectra of 12 Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe) and 3 Magellanic Cloud PNe were presented in Paper I by Tsamis et al. (2003b), who carried out an abundance analysis using the collisionally excited forbidden lines. Here, the relative intensities of faint optical recombination lines (ORLs) from ions of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen are analysed in order to derive the abundances of these ions relative to hydrogen. We define an abundance discrepancy factor (ADF) as the ratio of the abundance derived for a heavy element ion from its recombination lines to that derived for the same ion from its ultraviolet, optical or infrared collisionally excited lines (CELs). All of the PNe in our sample are found to have ADF's that exceed unity. There is no dependence of the magnitude of the ADF upon the excitation energy of the UV, optical or IR CEL transition used, indicating that classical nebular temperature fluctuations--i.e. in a chemically homogeneous medium--are not the cause of the observed abundance discrepancies. Instead, we conclude that the main cause of the discrepancy is enhanced ORL emission from cold ionized gas located in hydrogen-deficient clumps inside the main body of the nebulae. We have developed a new electron temperature diagnostic, based upon the relative intensities of the OII 4f-3d 4089A and 3p-3s 4649A recombination transitions. For six out of eight PNe for which both transitions are detected, we derive O2+ ORL electron temperatures of <300 K, very much less than the O2+ forbidden-line and Balmer jump temperatures derived for the same nebulae. These results provide direct observational evidence for the presence of H-deficient, cold plasma regions within the nebulae, consistent with gas cooled largely by infrared fine structure and recombination transitions.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, submitted to the MNRAS
Heat capacity of square-well fluids of variable width
Creators: name: Largo, J.
name: Solana, J. R.
name: Acedo, L.
name: Santos, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained by Monte Carlo NVT simulations the constant-volume excess heat capacity of square-well fluids for several temperatures, densities and potential widths. Heat capacity is a thermodynamic property much more sensitive to the accuracy of a theory than other thermodynamic quantities, such as the compressibility factor. This is illustrated by comparing the reported simulation data for the heat capacity with the theoretical predictions given by the Barker-Henderson perturbation theory as well as with those given by a non-perturbative theoretical model based on Baxter's solution of the Percus-Yevick integral equation for sticky hard spheres. Both theories give accurate predictions for the equation of state. By contrast, it is found that the Barker-Henderson theory strongly underestimates the excess heat capacity for low to moderate temperatures, whereas a much better agreement between theory and simulation is achieved with the non-perturbative theoretical model, particularly for small well widths, although the accuracy of the latter worsens for high densities and low temperatures, as the well width increases.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures; figures now include additional perturbation data; to be published in Mol. Phys
Anti-cartel enforcement and subsequent mergers : state-level evidence for physician groups
Creators: name: Feinberg, Robert
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: From the earliest days of antitrust, it has been clear that cartel pricing and monopoly pricing (given certain cost conditions) yield equivalent results. An implication of this is that government actions limiting either of cartels or mergers should provide incentive for more of the other. Despite the somewhat intuitive theoretical support for a relationship, there has been little empirical investigation into the role that antitrust enforcement of one type might have on firms in pursuing anti-competitive actions of the other. The emergence of significant state-level antitrust enforcement over the past several decades provides us with the opportunity to take advantage of the considerable variation in this enforcement and possibly identify resulting merger activity affecting small geographic markets. In this paper we use variation in state antitrust enforcement to proxy differing signals sent to health professionals and then study the impact on consolidation of physician groups at the state level. While trends in the consolidation by U.S. health practitioners over the past several decades have been driven by a variety of market and policy determinants, this paper provides suggestive evidence that one contributing factor may have been the introduction of the threat of state-level antitrust enforcement against horizontal agreements within local markets.
Propuesta de turismo comunitario para el fortalecimiento de la actividad en Prado, Tolima
Creators: name: Soto Reinoso, María Paula
name: Vargas Cantor, Laura Valentina
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Conflicto armado - Aspectos sociales
subject: Turismo - Administración
subject: Acción social - Estudios de caso
subject: Turismo comunitario
subject: Desarrollo
subject: Comunidad
subject: Territorio
subject: Perspectiva

description: El objetivo de este trabajo es formular una propuesta de turismo comunitario para el fortalecimiento de la actividad en el municipio de Prado, Tolima, a través de un enfoque de desarrollo endógeno, mediante la aplicación de una metodología participativa y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se analizó la historia del municipio, dado que este cuenta con un fuerte pasado de violencia a causa del conflicto armado. Asimismo, se identificó la perspectiva y disposición por parte de la comunidad y de los prestadores de servicios al momento de llevar a cabo prácticas turísticas. Se plantea una propuesta que permite que sus propios habitantes sean los partícipes en la realización de las actividades turísticas, posibilitando la revalorización de su cultura identitaria, conocimientos empíricos y realidad del territorio.
description: The objective of this work is the formulation of a community tourism proposal to strengthen the activity in the municipality of Prado, Tolima, through an endogenous development approach, by applying a participatory methodology and semi-structured interviews. The history of the municipality was analyzed, given that it has a strong past of violence due to the armed conflict. Likewise, the perspective and willingness of the community and service providers to carry out tourism practices was identified. It is for this reason that a proposal is proposed that allows the inhabitants themselves to participate in the implementation of tourism activities, enabling the revaluation of their identity culture, empirical knowledge, and the reality of the territory.
An attack on science? (article) : Media use, trust in scientists, and perceptions of global warming
Creators: name: Maibach, Edward W.
name: Hmielowski, Jay D.
name: Feldman, Lauren
name: Myers, Teresa A.
name: Leiserowitz, Anthony A.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: There is a growing divide in how conservatives and liberals in the USA understand the issue of global warming. Prior research suggests that the American public’s reliance on partisan media contributes to this gap. However, researchers have yet to identify intervening variables to explain the relationship between media use and public opinion about global warming. Several studies have shown that trust in scientists is an important heuristic many people use when reporting their opinions on science-related topics. Using within-subject panel data from a nationally representative sample of Americans, this study finds that trust in scientists mediates the effect of news media use on perceptions of global warming. Results demonstrate that conservative media use decreases trust in scientists which, in turn, decreases certainty that global warming is happening. By contrast, use of non-conservative media increases trust in scientists, which, in turn, increases certainty that global warming is happening.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FINE AND APPLIED ARTS IN CULTIVATING ELEGANCE IN BUILDING AN ENLIGHTENED SOCIETY IN NEW UZBEKISTAN
Creators: name: A'zamjonov, Akhadjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The article studies the theoretical foundations of the socio-philosophical analysis of the place of fine and applied arts in building an enlightened society in New Uzbekistan, the socio-cognitive potential of fine and applied arts in building an enlightened society in New Uzbekistan, the future tasks of developing fine and applied arts in building an enlightened society in New Uzbekistan. Also, the issues of developing fine and applied arts in building an enlightened society in New Uzbekistan are analyzed.