cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Development of Tearing Instability in a Current Sheet Forming by Sheared Incompressible Flow
Creators: name: Tolman, Elizabeth A.
name: Loureiro, Nuno F.
name: Uzdensky, Dmitri A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sweet-Parker current sheets in high Lundquist number plasmas are unstable to tearing, suggesting they will not form in physical systems. Understanding magnetic reconnection thus requires study of the stability of a current sheet as it forms. Formation can occur due to sheared, sub-Alfvénic incompressible flows which narrow the sheet. Standard tearing theory (Furth et al. 1963; Coppi et al. 1976; Rutherford 1973) is not immediately applicable to such forming sheets for two reasons: first, because the flow introduces terms not present in the standard calculation; second, because the changing equilibrium introduces time dependence to terms which are constant in the standard calculation, complicating the formulation of an eigenvalue problem. This paper adapts standard tearing mode analysis to confront these challenges. In an initial phase when any perturbations are primarily governed by ideal MHD, a coordinate transformation reveals that the flow compresses and stretches perturbations. A multiple scale formulation describes how linear tearing mode theory (Furth et al. 1963; Coppi et al. 1976) can be applied to an equilibrium changing under flow, showing that the flow affects the separable exponential growth only implicitly, by making the standard scalings time-dependent. In the nonlinear Rutherford stage, the coordinate transformation shows that standard theory can be adapted by adding to the stationary rates time dependence and an additional term due to the strengthening equilibrium magnetic field. Overall, this understanding supports the use of flow-free scalings with slight modifications to study tearing in a forming sheet.
Target-adaptive CNN-based pansharpening
Creators: name: Scarpa, Giuseppe
name: Vitale, Sergio
name: Cozzolino, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We recently proposed a convolutional neural network (CNN) for remote sensing image pansharpening obtaining a significant performance gain over the state of the art. In this paper, we explore a number of architectural and training variations to this baseline, achieving further performance gains with a lightweight network which trains very fast. Leveraging on this latter property, we propose a target-adaptive usage modality which ensures a very good performance also in the presence of a mismatch w.r.t. the training set, and even across different sensors. The proposed method, published online as an off-the-shelf software tool, allows users to perform fast and high-quality CNN-based pansharpening of their own target images on general-purpose hardware.
A possible scaling region of chiral fermions on a lattice
Creators: name: Xue, She-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the details of analyzing an $SU_L(2)\otimes U_R(1)$ chiral theory with multifermion couplings on a lattice. An existence of a possible scaling region in the phase space of multifermion couplings for defining the continuum limit of chiral fermions is advocated. In this scaling region, no spontaneous symmetry breaking occurs; the ``spectator'' fermion $ψ_R(x)$ is a free mode and decoupled; doublers are decoupled as massive Dirac fermions consistently with the $SU_L(2)\otimes U_R(1)$ chiral symmetry, whereas the normal mode of $ψ_L^i(x)$ is plausibly speculated to be chiral in the continuum limit. This is not in agreement with the general belief of the definite failure of theories so constructed.
description: 32 pages, Latex and 5 figures, to appear in Nucl. Phys. B
Loop quantization of the Gowdy model with local rotational symmetry
Creators: name: de Blas, Daniel Martín
name: Olmedo, Javier
name: Pawłowski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a full quantization of the vacuum Gowdy model with local rotational symmetry. We consider a redefinition of the constraints where the Hamiltonian Poisson-commutes with itself. We then apply the canonical quantization program of loop quantum gravity within an improved dynamics scheme. We identify the exact solutions of the constraints and the physical observables, and we construct the physical Hilbert space. It is remarkable that quantum spacetimes are free of singularities. New quantum observables naturally arising in the treatment partially codify the discretization of the geometry. The preliminary analysis of the asymptotic future/past of the evolution indicates that the existing Abelianization technique needs further refinement.
description: 19 pages, 1 fig
MOESM1 of Wash-resistance of pirimiphos-methyl insecticide treatments of window screens and eave baffles for killing indoor-feeding malaria vector mosquitoes: an experimental hut trial, South East of Zambia
Creators: name: Dingani Chinula
name: Sikaala, Chadwick
name: Pascalina Chanda-Kapata
name: Busiku Hamainza
name: Zulu, Reuben
name: Reimer, Lisa
name: Chizema, Elizabeth
name: Kiware, Samson
name: Fredros Okumu
name: Killeen, Gerry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Data collection forms for the experimental hut study, South East of Zambia.
Additional file 1 of Optimal dose of perineural dexmedetomidine to prolong analgesia after brachial plexus blockade: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of 57 randomized clinical trials
Creators: name: Cai, Hai
name: Fan, Xing
name: Feng, Pengjiu
name: Wang, Xiaogang
name: Xie, Yubo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Effect of perineural DEX by dose administered (≤60 μg or>60 μg) on DOA when combined with short−/intermediate-acting. Abbreviations: DEX, dexmedetomidine; CI, confidence interval; DOA, duration of analgesia; LA, local anesthetic; IV, intravenous.
Nuclearity and Thermal States in Conformal Field Theory
Creators: name: Buchholz, Detlev
name: D'Antoni, Claudio
name: Longo, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81T05, 81T40

description: We introduce a new type of spectral density condition, that we call L^2-nuclearity. One formulation concerns lowest weight unitary representations of SL(2,R) and turns out to be equivalent to the existence of characters. A second formulation concerns inclusions of local observable von Neumann algebras in Quantum Field Theory. We show the two formulations to agree in chiral Conformal QFT and, starting from the trace class condition for the semigroup generated by the conformal Hamiltonian L_0, we infer and naturally estimate the Buchholz-Wichmann nuclearity condition and the (distal) split property. As a corollary, if L_0 is log-elliptic, the Buchholz-Junglas set up is realized and so there exists a beta-KMS state for the translation dynamics on the net of C*-algebras for every inverse temperature beta>0. We include further discussions on higher dimensional spacetimes. In particular, we verify that L^2-nuclearity is satisfied for the scalar, massless Klein-Gordon field.
description: 37 pages, minor corrections
New DQ white dwarfs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR4: confirmation of two sequences
Creators: name: Koester, D.
name: Knist, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using photometric selection criteria, and in a final step visual inspection of spectra, we find 65 DQ white dwarfs in the Data Release 4 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. 37 of these are new identifications, three more are reclassified DQ from DC, the other 25 have been described as DQ before in the literature. We derive effective temperatures and carbon abundances for 60 of these stars. The results confirm the main conclusions of Dufour et al.(2005). The majority of stars defines a clear sequence in the C abundance vs. Teff diagram, with high abundances found at high Teff and vice versa. We also confirm with high significance a second sequence with an abundance about 1 dex higher at the same Teff, and discuss the nature and possible origin of the high-C sequence.
description: submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics
Recognition Dynamics in the Brain under the Free Energy Principle
Creators: name: Kim, Chang Sub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We formulate the computational processes of perception in the framework of the principle of least action by postulating the theoretical action as a time integral of the free energy in the brain sciences. The free energy principle is accordingly rephrased as that for autopoietic grounds all viable organisms attempt to minimize the sensory uncertainty about the unpredictable environment over a temporal horizon. By varying the informational action, we derive the brain's recognition dynamics (RD) which conducts Bayesian filtering of the external causes from noisy sensory inputs. Consequently, we effectively cast the gradient-descent scheme of minimizing the free energy into Hamiltonian mechanics by addressing only positions and momenta of the organisms' representations of the causal environment. To manifest the utility of our theory, we show how the RD may be implemented in a neuronally based biophysical model at a single-cell level and subsequently in a coarse-grained, hierarchical architecture of the brain. We also present formal solutions to the RD for a model brain in linear regime and analyze the perceptual trajectories around attractors in neural state space.
description: 34 pages, 5 figures; Revised; Figure added
Additional file 1: of Electronic cigarette use in Greece: an analysis of a representative population sample in Attica prefecture
Creators: name: Farsalinos, Konstantinos
name: Siakas, Georgios
name: Poulas, Konstantinos
name: Vassilis Voudris
name: Merakou, Kyriakoula
name: Barbouni, Anastasia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Demographics of study participants. (DOCX 14Â kb)
Additional file 5 of Optimal dose of perineural dexmedetomidine to prolong analgesia after brachial plexus blockade: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of 57 randomized clinical trials
Creators: name: Cai, Hai
name: Fan, Xing
name: Feng, Pengjiu
name: Wang, Xiaogang
name: Xie, Yubo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 5. Sensitivity analysis by eliminating two notable outliers respectively. Abbreviations: DEX, dexmedetomidine; LA, local anesthetic; CI, confidence interval.
Cluster expansion for abstract polymer models. New bounds from an old approach
Creators: name: Fernandez, Roberto
name: Procacci, Aldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B20

description: We revisit the classical approach to cluster expansions, based on tree graphs, and establish a new convergence condition that improves those by Kotecky-Preiss and Dobrushin, as we show in some examples. The two ingredients of our approach are: (i) a careful consideration of the Penrose identity for truncated functions, and (ii) the use of iterated transformations to bound tree-graph expansions.
description: 16 pages. This new version, written en reponse to the suggestions of the referees, includes more detailed introductory sections, a proof of the generalized Penrose identity and some additional results that follow from our treatment
Generating OWA weights using truncated distributions
Creators: name: Lenormand, Maxime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operators have been widely used in decision making these past few years. An important issue facing the OWA operators' users is the determination of the OWA weights. This paper introduces an OWA determination method based on truncated distributions that enables intuitive generation of OWA weights according to a certain level of risk and trade-off. These two dimensions are represented by the two first moments of the truncated distribution. We illustrate our approach with the well-know normal distribution and the definition of a continuous parabolic decision-strategy space. We finally study the impact of the number of criteria on the results.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
What Cognitive Processes Are Triggered by Input Enhancement
Creators: Combs, Charles Homer
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Cognitive learning
subject: Learning--Research
subject: Second language acquisition--Research
subject: Education
subject: English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Recently in Second Language Acquisition research much attention has been focused upon the cognitive mechanisms that underpin learner processing of input. In studies of how second language instruction has an effect on L2 learner’s subsequent processing of input, researchers have examined how external manipulation of input can affect intake and subsequent learning. In this literature review, input enhancement (an instantiation of manipulated input) will be examined in light of current cognitive psychological models of attention and memory. After reviewing current models of attention and memory as they pertain to SLA, previous input enhancement studies will be analyzed in order to see how input enhancement could affect L2 learner processing. Particular attention will be paid to the potential triggering effects of input enhancement as well as its impact upon second language learning.
Additional file 2: of Feasibility of an online mindfulness-based program for patients with melanoma: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Lahiru Russell
name: Ugalde, Anna
name: Milne, Donna
name: Meinir Krishnasamy
name: Eric O (Seung Chul)
name: Austin, David
name: Chambers, Richard
name: Orellana, Liliana
name: Livingston, Patricia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: The TIDieR (Template for Intervention Description and Replication) Checklist. (DOCX 31Â kb)
A Digital Public Library of America? Collective Management's Implications for Privacy, Private Use and Fair Use
Creators: Palfrey, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Intellectual property
Copyright clearinghouses
Public libraries
Digital libraries
Fair use (Copyright)
Conference papers and proceedings

description: The purpose of this essay is to examine collective licensing operations, with particular emphasis on some of the consequences for privacy, private use and fair use. I examine these issues in the context of a specific idea that might draw, at least in part, on a collective management approach: an emergent proposal to create a Digital Public Library of America ("DPLA"), which I think is an important undertaking.
Content-Based Instruction, Cooperative Learning, and CALP Instruction: Addressing the Whole Education of 7-12 ESL
Creators: Troncale, Nicole
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: English language--Study and teaching (Secondary)--Foreign speakers
English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers--Methodology
Group work in education
Education
English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers

description: Much more than content-based instruction (CBI) is necessary to meet the needs of 7-12 ESL students. Cooperative learning and cognitive academic language instruction (CALP) instruction should be incorporated into CBI in order for middle and high school students to become self-directed learners capable of advancing to higher education. All teachers who work with language-minority students, not just ESL teachers, must play a part in helping their students to gain the linguistic ability, content knowledge and academic skills necessary to succeed in their classes and beyond high school.
Gender in Interruptive Turns at Talk-in-Interaction
Creators: Reznik, Deirdre
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Interruption (Psychology)
subject: Sex differences (Psychology)
subject: Conversation analysis
subject: Education
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: In this paper, gender and its role in interruptive turns at talk-in-interaction are examined. Research on the topic of gender in interaction and gender and interruption reflects a tension between essentialist and contextual views. Using the research methods of conversation analysis, this paper examines interruptions in a transcript of a conversation between a male and a female speaker. This examination of the form and function of the interruptions appears to support the idea that gender as a construct is situated rather than fixed.
Exactly Solvable Model for Two Dimensional Topological Superconductor
Creators: name: Wang, Zitao
name: Ning, Shang-Qiang
name: Chen, Xie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present an exactly solvable model for two dimensional topological superconductor with helical Majorana edge modes protected by time reversal symmetry. Our construction is based on the idea of decorated domain walls and makes use of the Kasteleyn orientation on a two dimensional lattice, which was used for the construction of the symmetry protected fermion phase with $Z_2$ symmetry in Ref. \onlinecite{Tarantino2016,Ware2016}. By decorating the time reversal domain walls with spinful Majorana chains, we are able to construct a commuting projector Hamiltonian with zero correlation length ground state wave function that realizes a strongly interacting version of the two dimensional topological superconductor. From our construction, it can be seen that the $T^2=-1$ transformation rule for the fermions is crucial for the existence of such a nontrivial phase; with $T^2=1$, our construction does not work.
description: 7 pages
Welcome and Introductory Remarks
Creators: Besek, June M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Intellectual property
Copyright clearinghouses
Conference papers and proceedings
Copyright

description: Let me say a few words about why we decided to focus on collective management of copyright for our symposium this year. Collective licensing and collective management have long been part of the U.S. copyright landscape. In particular, the performing rights organizations, ASCAP, BMI and SESAC,1 license performing rights in music, and almost all composers and music publishers belong to one of those organizations. There are, of course, later-developed collective management organizations in the United States. One notable one is Copyright Clearance Center ("CCC"), which was developed after the 1976 Copyright Act, largely to license photocopying of textual materials. But the world has changed since then, and the scope of CCC licenses has expanded to meet the demand for audiovisual and digital forms as well. Still, outside the field of music, collective management organizations are not as prominent or as widely adhered to in the United States as they are elsewhere in Europe and around the world.
Remedies, Enforcement and Territoriality
Creators: Mazziotti, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Group rights
subject: Copyright
subject: Copyright and digital preservation
subject: Human territoriality
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: I would like to start by thanking the Kernochan Center and all its members, in particular Jane Ginsburg, and also Rebecca Giblin, together with all the colleagues who have been involved in the conception of this Symposium.  I am happy to be back after a few years:  I was a Visiting Scholar at Columbia Law School in the academic year 2011 and I was very lucky to be invited to speak at the 2011 annual copyright symposium on collective rights management. I am happy to talk briefly about the implications of territoriality for online copyright enforcement measures.  As it has been remarked earlier today, territoriality is a principle established indirectly in many ways by the Berne Convention.  Territoriality also plays a central role for a number of copyright enforcement measures that have become extremely important for the creative sector in the digital environment.
Acoustic streaming and its suppression in inhomogeneous fluids
Creators: name: Karlsen, Jonas T.
name: Qiu, Wei
name: Augustsson, Per
name: Bruus, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical and experimental study of boundary-driven acoustic streaming in an inhomogeneous fluid with variations in density and compressibility. In a homogeneous fluid this streaming results from dissipation in the boundary layers (Rayleigh streaming). We show that in an inhomogeneous fluid, an additional non-dissipative force density acts on the fluid to stabilize particular inhomogeneity configurations, which markedly alters and even suppresses the streaming flows. Our theoretical and numerical analysis of the phenomenon is supported by ultrasound experiments performed with inhomogeneous aqueous iodixanol solutions in a glass-silicon microchip.
description: 6 pages, 3 pdf figures, RevTex 4-1
Mapping the Paradigm of Disabilities in Afghanistan from the Lens of Law and Policy
Creators: name: Hashimy, Sayed Qudrat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420318
subject: People with disability
classificationCode: 451601
subject: Pacific Peoples and disability
classificationCode: 390411
subject: Special education and disability

description: Disability is a cross-cutting issue in Afghanistan. After four decades of armed conflict, it is unknown how many Afghans are disabled, and accurate data are scarce. Afghanistan has over a million people with disabilities, and their situation is generally poor. While war and landmines rendered hundreds of thousands of Afghans crippled, many more suffered birth defects, accidents, hunger, and diseases that could have been avoided but the inner lives of those with impairments do not concern most the others in an armed conflict state. The interactions with people who have disabilities have been a brief “Salam Alaikum” (Hello) and a respectful “Tashakor” or “Manana” (Thank you). However, many people with disabilities experience stigma, prejudice, and exclusion from society. Still, neither the government nor the international non-governmental organisation has disclosed the statistical information and challenges that differently-abled persons face in Afghanistan it could be male or female. This article looks closely at the legal system in Afghanistan that protects the people with disabilities that they need to engage in public life on an equal footing with other people. The current study uses a doctrinal approach with an emancipatory perspective on impairments to suggest possible solutions to alleviate and improve their situations. The study is limited to drawing the attention of NGOs and policymakers to mid the condition of people with disability from the breath and the length of Afghanistan. In this article, the study has focused mainly on the legislative framework and the issues that smoke screens the overreach of the law for the protection of disabilities and prohibit discrimination in public life, also exposing obstacles that impediment people who are physically or mentally challenged.
The European "Extended Collective Licensing" Model
Creators: Strowel, Alain
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Copyright
Copyright clearinghouses
International law
Intellectual property

description: Thank you for the invitation. It is a pleasure for me to speak on the topic of extended collective licenses ("ECL"), a model for managing copyright which is typical for Scandinavian countries. Although my Danish is a bit rusty—not to speak of my Swedish—I come from Belgium, a country which is neither a Nordic nor a Southern European country, but which at least has a strong experience with collective bargaining. It is difficult to understand the model of ECLs without the background of collective bargaining (in a country like the United States, private agreements rather than collective bargaining do play a prominent role). Belgian culture in the field of industrial relations is one in which labor issues are solved with collective agreements; this is possible because of the existence of very strong organizations representing employers and employees and the possibility for the collective agreements concluded between those organizations to be extended by law to third parties. The ECL model relies on the willingness and experience of parties to engage in collective bargaining.
Electron energy-loss spectroscopy of quasi-two-dimensional crystals: Beyond the energy-loss functions formalism
Creators: name: Nazarov, Vladimir U.
name: Silkin, Vyacheslav M.
name: Krasovskii, Eugene E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A consistent theory of electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) includes two indispensable elements: (i) electronic response of the target system and (ii) quantum kinematics of probing electrons. While for the bulk materials and their surfaces separating these two aspects and focusing on the former is the usual satisfactory practice (the energy-loss functions formalism), we show that, for quasi-2D crystals, the interplay of the system's electronic response and the details of the probe's motion affects EEL spectra dramatically, and it must be taken into account for the reliable interpretation of the experiment. To this end, we come up with a unified theory which, on the same footing, treats both the long- and short-range scattering, within both the transmission and reflection experimental setups. Our calculations performed for graphene reveal a phenomenon of a strong coupling between the $π+σ$ plasmon excitation and elastic {\it scattering resonances}. Freed from the conventions of the energy-loss functions formalism, our theory serves as a consistent and systematic means of the understanding of the EELS of quasi-2D materials.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Remedies, Enforcement and Territoriality
Creators: Schwartz, Eric
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Copyright
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Authorship
subject: Treaties
subject: Copyright infringement

description: Thank you to everyone at the Kernochan Center for inviting me to participate and for organizing this symposium.  Like Sam Ricketson, I knew and was very fortunate to work with Jack Kernochan, and I am a better copyright lawyer because of him.  As with all practicing attorneys, I begin with this caveat:  the views I am expressing today are my own and should not be associated with or attributed to any of my clients.

What I was asked to speak about on this panel are the challenges confronting authors, producers, and publishers on copyright enforcement, as well as what the treaties require and permit regarding enforcement.  I will focus on five key points.
Can test fields destroy the event horizon in the Kerr-Taub-NUT spacetime?
Creators: name: Düztaş, Koray
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate if the interaction of the Kerr-Taub-NUT spacetime with test scalar and neutrino fields can lead to the destruction of the event horizon. It turns out that both extremal and nearly extremal black holes can be destroyed by scalar and neutrino fields if the initial angular momentum of the spacetime is sufficiently large relative to its mass and NUT charge. This is the first example in which a classical field satisfying the null energy condition can actually destroy an extremal black hole. For scalar fields, the modes that can lead to the destruction of the horizon are restricted to a narrow range due to superradiance. Since superradiance does not occur for neutrino fields, the destruction of the horizon by neutrino fields is generic, and it cannot be fixed by backreaction effects. We also show that the extremal black holes that can be destroyed by scalar fields correspond to naked singularities in the Kerr limit, in accord with the previous results which imply that extremal Kerr black holes cannot be destroyed by scalar test fields.
description: Revised version
Geometric k-nearest neighbor estimation of entropy and mutual information
Creators: name: Lord, Warren M.
name: Sun, Jie
name: Bollt, Erik M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nonparametric estimation of mutual information is used in a wide range of scientific problems to quantify dependence between variables. The k-nearest neighbor (knn) methods are consistent, and therefore expected to work well for large sample size. These methods use geometrically regular local volume elements. This practice allows maximum localization of the volume elements, but can also induce a bias due to a poor description of the local geometry of the underlying probability measure. We introduce a new class of knn estimators that we call geometric knn estimators (g-knn), which use more complex local volume elements to better model the local geometry of the probability measures. As an example of this class of estimators, we develop a g-knn estimator of entropy and mutual information based on elliptical volume elements, capturing the local stretching and compression common to a wide range of dynamical systems attractors. A series of numerical examples in which the thickness of the underlying distribution and the sample sizes are varied suggest that local geometry is a source of problems for knn methods such as the Kraskov-Stögbauer-Grassberger (KSG) estimator when local geometric effects cannot be removed by global preprocessing of the data. The g-knn method performs well despite the manipulation of the local geometry. In addition, the examples suggest that the g-knn estimators can be of particular relevance to applications in which the system is large, but data size is limited.
How to compute Green's Functions for entire Mass Trajectories within Krylov Solvers
Creators: name: Glaessner, U.
name: Guesken, S.
name: Lippert, Th.
name: Ritzenhoefer, G.
name: Schilling, K.
name: Frommer, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The availability of efficient Krylov subspace solvers play a vital role for the solution of a variety of numerical problems in computational science. Here we consider lattice field theory. We present a new general numerical method to compute many Green's functions for complex non-singular matrices within one iteration process. Our procedure applies to matrices of structure $A=D-m$, with $m$ proportional to the unit matrix, and can be integrated within any Krylov subspace solver. We can compute the derivatives $x^{(n)}$ of the solution vector $x$ with respect to the parameter $m$ and construct the Taylor expansion of $x$ around $m$. We demonstrate the advantages of our method using a minimal residual solver. Here the procedure requires $1$ intermediate vector for each Green's function to compute. As real life example, we determine a mass trajectory of the Wilson fermion matrix for lattice QCD. Here we find that we can obtain Green's functions at all masses $\geq m$ at the price of one inversion at mass $m$.
description: 11 pages, 2 eps-figures, needs epsf.sty
Smoothness of Correlations in the Anderson Model at Strong Disorder
Creators: name: Bellissard, Jean V.
name: Hislop, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q10

description: We study the higher-order correlation functions of covariant families of observables associated with random Schrödinger operators on the lattice in the strong disorder regime. We prove that if the distribution of the random variables has a density analytic in a strip about the real axis, then these correlation functions are analytic functions of the energy outside of the planes corresponding to coincident energies. In particular, this implies the analyticity of the density of states, and of the current-current correlation function outside of the diagonal. Consequently, this proves that the current-current correlation function has an analytic density outside of the diagonal at strong disorder.
Homodyne detection for measuring internal quantum correlations of optical pulses
Creators: name: Opatrny, T.
name: Welsch, D. -G.
name: Vogel, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method is described for determining the quantum correlations at different times in optical pulses by using balanced homodyne detection. The signal pulse and sequences of ultrashort test pulses are superimposed, where for chosen distances between the test pulses their relative phases and intensities are varied from measurement to measurement. The correlation statistics of the signal pulse is obtained from the time-integrated difference photocurrents measured.
description: 7 pages, A4.sty included
Additional file 1: of Feasibility of an online mindfulness-based program for patients with melanoma: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Lahiru Russell
name: Ugalde, Anna
name: Milne, Donna
name: Meinir Krishnasamy
name: Eric O (Seung Chul)
name: Austin, David
name: Chambers, Richard
name: Orellana, Liliana
name: Livingston, Patricia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: SPIRIT 2013 Checklist. (DOC 121Â kb)
The LightCode Manifesto
Creators: name: University of Macedonia
name: Université Paris Dauphine-PSL
name: University of Zagreb
name: University of Nis
name: Karmic Software Research
name: Symplexis
name: RI REACH Innovation GmbH
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: low-code
education
digital transformation
digital skills

description: The LightCode Manifesto presents an analysis of the questionnaires administered to faculty members, students, and stakeholders across partner countries. These surveys sought to gauge their familiarity with low-code development, identify potential challenges, and assess the perceived benefits of integrating low-code solutions into the educational domain. Additionally, focus group discussions with faculty members provided valuable qualitative insights into their perspectives and expectations.

All the data gathered from these sources have been meticulously analyzed to draw meaningful conclusions, from detailed findings and insights gathered from the different groups of participants. Through an in-depth exploration of their responses, the document draws valuable conclusions that will inform the future direction of the LightCode project.
Asteroseismic inferences on GW Vir variable stars in the frame of new PG 1159 evolutionary models
Creators: name: Córsico, A. H.
name: Althaus, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This submission has been removed by arXiv administrators because it is a duplicate of astro-ph/0603735.
Exact expression of the energy gap at first-order quantum phase transitions of a non-stoquastic Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Ohkuwa, Masaki
name: Nishimori, Hidetoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the energy gap between the ground state and the first excited state of a mean-field-type non-stoquastic Hamiltonian by a semi-classical analysis. The fully connected mean-field model with $p$-body ferromagnetic interactions under a transverse field has a first-order quantum phase transition for $p\ge 3$. This first-order transition is known to be reduced to second order for $p\ge 5$ by an introduction of antiferromagnetic transverse interactions, which makes the Hamiltonian non-stoquastic. This reduction of the order of transition means an exponential speedup of quantum annealing by adiabatic processes because the first-order transition is shown to have an exponentially small energy gap whereas the second order case does not. We apply a semi-classical method to analytically derive the explicit expression of the rate of the exponential decay of the energy gap at first-order transitions. The result reveals how the property of first-order transition changes as a function of the system parameters. We also derive the exact closed-form expression for the critical point where the first-order transition line disappears within the ferromagnetic phase. These results help us understand how the antiferromagnetic transverse interactions affect the performance of quantum annealing by controlling the effects of non-stoquasticity in the Hamiltonian.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Smoothing of transport plans with fixed marginals and rigorous semiclassical limit of the Hohenberg-Kohn functional
Creators: name: Cotar, Codina
name: Friesecke, Gero
name: Klüppelberg, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove rigorously that the exact N-electron Hohenberg-Kohn density functional converges in the strongly interacting limit to the strictly correlated electrons (SCE) functional, and that the absolute value squared of the associated constrained-search wavefunction tends weakly in the sense of probability measures to a minimizer of the multi-marginal optimal transport problem with Coulomb cost associated to the SCE functional. This extends our previous work for N=2 [CFK11]. The correct limit problem has been derived in the physics literature by Seidl [Se99] and Seidl, Gori-Giorgi and Savin [SGS07]; in these papers the lack of a rigorous proof was pointed out. We also give a mathematical counterexample to this type of result, by replacing the constraint of given one-body density -- an infinite-dimensional quadratic expression in the wavefunction -- by an infinite-dimensional quadratic expression in the wavefunction and its gradient. Connections with the Lawrentiev phenomenon in the calculus of variations are indicated.
On the scaling of the electroweak interface tension at finite temperature
Creators: name: Hein, Joachim
name: Heitger, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the interface tension of the finite-temperature electroweak phase transition in a numerical investigation of the SU(2)--Higgs model on a four-dimensional lattice with temporal extension $L_t=3$. In this simulation the chosen parameters correspond to a Higgs boson mass of about 16 GeV. As a result the interface tension shows only small scaling violations in comparison with previous studies for $L_t=2$ lattices. We also report on some experiences with autocorrelations in the applied Monte Carlo simulations of two-phase systems.
description: 10 pages, latex2e, 7 Postscript figures, uses packages epsfig and amssymb
Magnetic field-dependent dynamics and field-driven metal-to-insulator transition of the half-filled Hubbard model: A DMFT+DMRG study
Creators: name: Zhu, W.
name: Sheng, D. N.
name: Zhu, Jian-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the magnetic field driven metal-to-insulator transition in half-filled Hubbard model on the Bethe lattice, using the dynamical mean-field theory by solving the quantum impurity problem with density-matrix renormalization group algorithm. The method enables us to obtain a high-resolution spectral densities in the presence of a magnetic field. It is found that the Kondo resonance at the Fermi level splits at relatively high magnetic field: the spin-up and spin-down components move away from the Fermi level and finally form a spin polarized band insulator. By calculating the magnetization and spin susceptibility, we clarify that an applied magnetic field drives a transition from a paramagnetic metallic phase to a band insulting phase. In the weak interaction regime, the nature of the transition is continuous and captured by the Stoner's description, while in the strong interaction regime the transition is very likely to be metamagnetic, evidenced by the hysteresis curve. Furthermore, we determine the phase boundary by tracking the kink in the magnetic susceptibility, and the step-like change of the entanglement entropy and the entanglement gap closing. Interestingly, the phase boundary determined from these two different ways are largely consistent with each other.
description: 19 pages; 14 figures
Additional file 1: of Transcriptome-wide identification of optimal reference genes for expression analysis of Pyropia yezoensis responses to abiotic stress
Creators: name: Gao, Dong
name: Kong, Fanna
name: Peipei Sun
name: Guiqi Bi
name: Yunxiang Mao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Stability distribution of transcripts using PaGeFinder (PDF 8 kb)
Convexity of level lines of Martin functions and applications
Creators: name: Gallagher, A. -K.
name: Lebl, J.
name: Ramachandran, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31B05, 30C20

description: Let $Ω$ be an unbounded domain in $\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R}^{d}.$ A positive harmonic function $u$ on $Ω$ that vanishes on the boundary of $Ω$ is called a Martin function. In this note, we show that, when $Ω$ is convex, the superlevel sets of a Martin function are also convex. As a consequence we obtain that if in addition $Ω$ is symmetric, then the maximum of any Martin function along a slice $Ω\cap (\{t\}\times\mathbb{R}^d)$ is attained at $(t,0).$
description: Statement of Theorem 1.2 revised. 8 pages, 2 figures
Belle2VR: An Interactive Virtual Reality Visualization of GEANT4 Event Histories
Creators: name: Piilonen, Leo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: I describe a novel interactive virtual reality visualization of the Belle II detector at KEK and the animation therein of GEANT4-simulated event histories. Belle2VR runs on Oculus and Vive headsets (as well as in a web browser and on 2D computer screens, in the absence of a headset). A user with some particle-physics knowledge manipulates a gamepad or hand controller(s) to interact with and interrogate the detailed GEANT4 event history over time, to adjust the visibility and transparency of the detector subsystems, to translate freely in 3D, to zoom in or out, and to control the event-history timeline (scrub forward or backward, speed up or slow down). A non-expert uses the app - during public outreach events, for example - to explore the world of subatomic physics via electron-positron collision events in the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB colliding-beam facility at KEK in Japan. Multiple simultaneous users, wearing untethered locomotive VR backpacks and headsets, walk about a room containing the virtual model of the Belle II detector and each others' avatars as they observe and control the simulated event history. Developed at Virginia Tech by an interdisciplinary team of researchers in physics, education, and virtual environments, the simulation is intended to be integrated into the undergraduate physics curriculum. I describe the app, including visualization features and design decisions, and illustrate how a user interacts with its features to expose the underlying physics in each electron-positron collision event.
Additional file 1 of Effect of Dexmedetomidine with or without Midazolam during procedural dental sedation in children: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Creators: name: ElKhatib, Amira A.
name: Ghoneim, Tamer A. M.
name: Dowidar, Karin M. L.
name: Wahba, Nadia A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Error Prevention Scheme with Four Particles
Creators: name: Vaidman, Lev
name: Goldenberg, Lior
name: Wiesner, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a simplified version of the error correction code recently suggested by Shor exhibits manifestation of the quantum Zeno effect. Thus, under certain conditions, protection of an unknown quantum state is achieved. Error prevention procedures based on four-particle and two-particle encoding are proposed and it is argued that they have feasible practical implementations.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX, references updated and improved protocol added