cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Controllable and Diverse Text Generation in E-commerce
Creators: name: Shao, Huajie
name: Wang, Jun
name: Lin, Haohong
name: Zhang, Xuezhou
name: Zhang, Aston
name: Ji, Heng
name: Abdelzaher, Tarek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In E-commerce, a key challenge in text generation is to find a good trade-off between word diversity and accuracy (relevance) in order to make generated text appear more natural and human-like. In order to improve the relevance of generated results, conditional text generators were developed that use input keywords or attributes to produce the corresponding text. Prior work, however, do not finely control the diversity of automatically generated sentences. For example, it does not control the order of keywords to put more relevant ones first. Moreover, it does not explicitly control the balance between diversity and accuracy. To remedy these problems, we propose a fine-grained controllable generative model, called~\textit{Apex}, that uses an algorithm borrowed from automatic control (namely, a variant of the \textit{proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) controller}) to precisely manipulate the diversity/accuracy trade-off of generated text. The algorithm is injected into a Conditional Variational Autoencoder (CVAE), allowing \textit{Apex} to control both (i) the order of keywords in the generated sentences (conditioned on the input keywords and their order), and (ii) the trade-off between diversity and accuracy. Evaluation results on real-world datasets show that the proposed method outperforms existing generative models in terms of diversity and relevance. Apex is currently deployed to generate production descriptions and item recommendation reasons in Taobao owned by Alibaba, the largest E-commerce platform in China. The A/B production test results show that our method improves click-through rate (CTR) by 13.17\% compared to the existing method for production descriptions. For item recommendation reason, it is able to increase CTR by 6.89\% and 1.42\% compared to user reviews and top-K item recommendation without reviews, respectively.
Asymptotic equivalence of nonparametric autoregression and nonparametric regression
Creators: name: Grama, Ion G.
name: Neumann, Michael H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62B15 (Primary) 62G07, 62G20 (Secondary)

description: It is proved that nonparametric autoregression is asymptotically equivalent in the sense of Le Cam's deficiency distance to nonparametric regression with random design as well as with regular nonrandom design.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053606000000560 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Διερεύνηση των δομών του εμπορίου στους τομείς ρυζιού και ξυλείας. Ενδοκλαδικό εμπόριο και συγκριτική ανάλυση σε αγροτικό και δασικό δίκτυο.
Creators: name: Καλιοροπούλου, Αννα Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Ανάλυση Κοινωνικών δικτύων
Κεντρικότητες
Δίκτυα με βάρη και χωρίς βάρη
Social Network Analysis
Centralities
Valued and Binary Networks

description: Ο στόχος της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι να διερευνήσει τις εμπορικές δομές των κλάδων του ρυζιού και της ξυλείας. Η κοινωνική ανάλυση δικτύου στην παρούσα εργασία χρησιμοποιείται για τη διερεύνηση εμπορικών δικτύων προϊόντων που ανήκουν στον πρωτογενή τομέα της οικονομίας. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, δείκτες κεντρικοτήτων θα χρησιμοποιηθούν και θα γίνει η κατάταξη των χωρών σε ιεραρχίες εισαγωγών - εξαγωγών και αυτές οι ιεραρχίες θα παρουσιαστούν απεικονιστικά. Τα δίκτυα που δημιουργήθηκαν θα περιγραφούν δυναμικά μεταξύ των ετών 2011 και 2015. Το όφελος που λαμβάνεται από την αναπαράσταση του εμπορίου μεταξύ των χωρών ως δίκτυο είτε των εμπορικών συνδέσεων - συνεργασιών είτε των εμπορικών ροών που αναπαριστώνται με βάρη, είναι η δυνατότητα αποκάλυψης αλληλεπιδράσεων και ιεραρχιών που διαφορετικά δεν θα μπορούσαν να εντοπιστούν. Επιπλέον στόχος είναι ο εντοπισμός πιθανών συσχετίσεων μεταξύ των ιεραρχικών θέσεων των χωρών, μέσω της σύγκρισης των δικτυακών μεταβλητών και των συμβατικών οικονομικών δεικτών που φέρουν μη δικτυακά χαρακτηριστικά. Κάθε δίκτυο εξετάζεται στη μορφή με βάρη, όπου λαμβάνεται υπόψη η οικονομική αξία των εμπορικών ροών και στη μορφή χωρίς τα αντίστοιχα βάρη, όπου λαμβάνονται υπόψη μόνο οι διμερείς εμπορικές συνεργασίες.
description: The aim of the present thesis is the exploration of trade structures of rice and wood sectors. Social Network Analysis is used for investigation of agricultural and forest trade networks. Main goal of this study is to analyze international agricultural market, applying network theory. Particularly, centrality measures will be used. The countries will be ranked in hierarchies of import-export relations and these hierarchies will be visualized. Networks are dynamically described within and between 2011 and 2015 years. The benefit that is received from representing the inter country trade as a network of either trade partnerships or trade flows is the possibility to depict the interaction between trading countries and their hierarchies which otherwise remain indiscernible. Moreover, another advantage from network analysis is the detection of possible correlations between the hierarchical position of the countries inferred from network variables and their non-network characteristics resulting from conventional economic indicators. Each network is examined in weighted form, taking into consideration the economic value of trade flows and unweighted form that considers only the bilateral trade partnerships.
Η «θεωρία των δυο άκρων» και η ιδεολογική της χρήση στη Σύγχρονη Ελλάδα: Τρείς κομβικές στιγμές.
Creators: name: Κουτής, Κωνσταντίνος Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Θεωρία των δυο άκρων
Ιδεολογία-Σύγχρονη Ελλάδα
Theory of two extremes
Ideology-Modern Greece

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να παρουσιάσει την ιδεολογική χρήση της «θεωρίας των δυο άκρων» στη Σύγχρονη Ελλάδα σε τρείς κομβικές στιγμές της. Ως πρώτο βήμα της έρευνας μας ορίζεται η ανάλυση της θεωρητικής και ιστορικής γενεαλογίας της «θεωρίας των δυο άκρων». Το συγκεκριμένο εγχείρημα βασίζεται στη βιβλιογραφική έρευνα. Το κύριο μέρος της εργασίας χωρίζεται σε τρία κεφάλαια, τα οποία αντιστοιχούν στις τρείς κομβικές στιγμές: τις διαδοχικές βουλευτικές εκλογές Μαΐου – Ιουνίου του 2012, την δολοφονία του Παύλου Φύσσα στις 18 Σεπτεμβρίου του 2013 και τις ευρωεκλογές της 25ης Μαΐου του 2014. Στα τρία αυτά κεφάλαια επιχειρούμε την ανάλυση του πολιτικού λόγου των κομμάτων που εκφράζουν το αφήγημα της «θεωρίας των δυο άκρων» μέσα από άρθρα, ομιλίες και συνεντεύξεις. Με αυτόν τον τρόπο εντοπίζουμε ποια πολιτικά κόμματα εκφράζουν τη «θεωρία των δυο άκρων», τον τρόπο που αυτή παρουσιάζεται και το σκοπό για τον οποίο χρησιμοποιείται το συγκεκριμένο αφήγημα σε κάθε κομβική στιγμή. Η μεθοδολογία που χρησιμοποιούμε για την ανάλυση του πολιτικού λόγου είναι η Θεωρία του Λόγου των Λακλάου και Μουφ, με εργαλεία ανάλυσης μια σειρά από βασικές έννοιες της Θεωρίας του Λόγου όπως η «συνάρθρωση», τα «κομβικά σημεία», τα «μετέωρα σημαίνοντα», η «εξάρθρωση» και ο «μύθος».
description: The aim of this paper is to present the ideological use of the «theory of two extremes» in Modern Greece through three nodal moments. The first step of our research is the analysis of the theoretical and historical genealogy of the «theory of two extremes». This attempt is based on a bibliographical search. The main part of the paper is divided into three chapters, which correspond to the three nodal moments: the successive parliamentary elections of May – June 2012, the murder of Pavlos Fyssas on 18 September 2013 and the European elections of 25 May 2014. In these three chapters we attempt to analyze the political discourse of parties, which express the narrative of the «theory of two extremes» through articles, public speeches and interviews. By this way we identify which political parties voice the «theory of two extremes», the way it is expressed and the aim for which this specific narrative is used in each nodal moment. The methodology that we use for the analysis of political discourse is the Theory of Speech of Laclau and Mouffe, adopting as analysis tools a series of basic concepts of the Theory of Speech as the «articulation», the «nodal points», the «floating signifiers», the «dislocation» and the «myth».
Enhancing Direct Exoplanet Spectroscopy with Apodizing and Beam Shaping Optics
Creators: name: Calvin, Benjamin
name: Jovanovic, Nemanja
name: Ruane, Garreth
name: Pezzato, Jacklyn
name: Colborn, Jennah
name: Echeverri, Daniel
name: Schofield, Tobias
name: Porter, Michael
name: Wallace, J. Kent
name: Delorme, Jacques-Robert
name: Mawet, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct exoplanet spectroscopy aims to measure the spectrum of an exoplanet while simultaneously minimizing the light collected from its host star. Isolating the planet light from the starlight improves the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) per spectral channel when noise due to the star dominates, which may enable new studies of the exoplanet atmosphere with unprecedented detail at high spectral resolution (>30,000). However, the optimal instrument design depends on the flux level from the planet and star compared to the noise due to other sources, such as detector noise and thermal background. Here we present the design, fabrication, and laboratory demonstration of specially-designed optics to improve the S/N in two potential regimes in direct exoplanet spectroscopy with adaptive optics instruments. The first is a pair of beam-shaping lenses that increase the planet signal by improving the coupling efficiency into a single-mode fiber at the known position of the planet. The second is a grayscale apodizer that reduces the diffracted starlight for planets at small angular separations from their host star. The former especially increases S/N when dominated by detector noise or thermal background, while the latter helps reduce stellar noise. We show good agreement between the theoretical and experimental point spread functions in each case and predict the exposure time reduction ($\sim 33\%$) that each set of optics provides in simulated observations of 51 Eridani b using the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer instrument at W.M. Keck Observatory.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
Les géométries de Hilbert sont à géométrie locale bornée
Creators: name: Colbois, Bruno
name: Vernicos, Constantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the Hilbert geometry of a convex domain in ${\mathbb R}^n$ has bounded local geometry, i.e., for a given radius, all balls are bilipschitz to a euclidean domain of ${\mathbb R}^n$. As a consequence, if the Hilbert geometry is also Gromov hyperbolic, then the bottom of its spectrum is strictly positive. We also give a counter exemple in dimension three which shows that the reciprocal is not true for non plane Hilbert geometries.
description: A para\^{i}tre aux annales de l'Institut Fourier
Equivariant neural networks for inverse problems
Creators: name: Celledoni, Elena
name: Ehrhardt, Matthias J.
name: Etmann, Christian
name: Owren, Brynjulf
name: Schönlieb, Carola-Bibiane
name: Sherry, Ferdia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years the use of convolutional layers to encode an inductive bias (translational equivariance) in neural networks has proven to be a very fruitful idea. The successes of this approach have motivated a line of research into incorporating other symmetries into deep learning methods, in the form of group equivariant convolutional neural networks. Much of this work has been focused on roto-translational symmetry of $\mathbf R^d$, but other examples are the scaling symmetry of $\mathbf R^d$ and rotational symmetry of the sphere. In this work, we demonstrate that group equivariant convolutional operations can naturally be incorporated into learned reconstruction methods for inverse problems that are motivated by the variational regularisation approach. Indeed, if the regularisation functional is invariant under a group symmetry, the corresponding proximal operator will satisfy an equivariance property with respect to the same group symmetry. As a result of this observation, we design learned iterative methods in which the proximal operators are modelled as group equivariant convolutional neural networks. We use roto-translationally equivariant operations in the proposed methodology and apply it to the problems of low-dose computerised tomography reconstruction and subsampled magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction. The proposed methodology is demonstrated to improve the reconstruction quality of a learned reconstruction method with a little extra computational cost at training time but without any extra cost at test time.
Electroweak boson detection in the ALICE muon spectrometer
Creators: name: del Valle, Z. Conesa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ALICE capabilities for W and Z detection at LHC are discussed. The contributions to single muon transverse momentum distribution are evaluated. The expected performance of the muon spectrometer for detecting W and Z bosons via their muonic decay is presented. Possible application for the study of in-medium effects in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions is discussed.
description: To appear in the proceedings of Hot Quarks 2006: Workshop for Young Scientists on the Physics of Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, Villasimius, Italy, 15-20 May 2006
Some impacts of quintessence models on cosmic structure formation
Creators: name: Alimi, A. Fuzfa J. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some physical imprints of quintessence scalar fields on dark matter (DM) clustering are illustrated, and a comparison with the concordance model $ΛCDM$ is highlighted. First, we estimate the cosmological parameters for two quintessence models, based on scalar fields rolling down the Ratra-Peebles or Sugra potential, by a statistical analysis of the Hubble diagram of type Ia supernovae. Then, the effect of these realistic dark energy models on large-scale DM clustering is established through N-body simulations. Various effects like large-scale distribution of DM, cluster mass function and halos internal velocities are illustrated. It is found that realistic dark energy models lead to quite different DM clustering, due to a combination of the variation of the equation of state and differences in the cosmological parameters, even at $z=0$. This conclusion contradicts other works in the recent litterature and the importance of considering more realistic models in studying the impact of quintessence on structure formation is highlighted.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, in "Albert Einstein Century International Conference", Paris, 18-22 July 2005, AIP Proceedings Conference 861, Pages 858-866, Edited by Jean-Michel ALIMI & Andre FUZFA
Μοντέλα παραπομπής του κατηγορουμένου για κακούργημα στο ακροατήριο
Creators: name: Κεραμυδά, Ελισάβετ Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Μοντέλα (τρόποι) παραπομπής στο ακροατήριο
Κατηγορούμενος
Κακούργημα
Models of indictment during court hearing
Accused
Felony

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη των μοντέλων παραπομπής του κατηγορουμένου για κακούργημα στο ακροατήριο του αρμόδιου Δικαστηρίου, σύμφωνα με τον ελληνικό Κώδικα Ποινικής Δικονομίας, όπως ισχύει σήμερα. Αρχικά, αναφέραμε επιγραμματικά την πορεία προς την ποινική δίωξη και τη δημιουργία της ποινικής δίκης, καθώς και τους τρόπους παραπομπής στο ακροατήριο που ποικίλουν ανάλογα με τον τρόπο κίνησης της ποινικής δίωξης, σε συνδυασμό με τη διάκριση των εγκλημάτων σε πταίσματα, πλημμελήματα και κακουργήματα. Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάσαμε αναλυτικά τους τρόπους ουσιαστικής περάτωσης της κύριας ανάκρισης για τα κακουργήματα και τις αντίστοιχες διακρίσεις των τρόπων παραπομπής στο αρμόδιο Δικαστήριο, αναλύοντας ειδικότερα την ιστορική εξέλιξη και τα επιμέρους χαρακτηριστικά του κάθε τρόπου παραπομπής. Επίσης, εξετάσαμε τα χαρακτηριστικά και τις θετικές και αρνητικές όψεις των θεσμών που προβλέπουν ειδικούς τρόπους παραπομπής κακουργημάτων στο ακροατήριο, σύμφωνα με τον Κώδικα Ποινικής Δικονομίας ή ειδικούς ποινικούς νόμους. Ασχοληθήκαμε επιπλέον με τα μοντέλα παραπομπής σε άλλες ευρωπαϊκές έννομες τάξεις και ειδικότερα στην ιταλική και την αγγλική.
description: The aim of the present thesis was the study of the models of indictment for felony committed during court hearing, according to the Greek Code of Criminal Procedure, as in force today. Initially, we briefly discussed the process of prosecution and the establishment of the criminal proceedings, as well as the ways of the referral in the audience that vary, depending on how to initiate prosecution in conjunction with the separation of crimes, into minor offences, misdemeanors and felonies. Then, we presented in detail the modes of essential completion of the main interrogation for felonies and the corresponding subheadings of referral ways to the competent Court, by analyzing particularly the historical development and the individual characteristics of each mode of referral. We also examined the characteristics and the positive and negative aspects of the institutions that provide special procedures of indictment for felony committed during court hearing, according to the Code of Criminal Procedure or special penal laws. Furthermore, we dealt with the models of indictment in other European jurisdictions and particularly in the Italian and English.
Comparative evaluation of CNN architectures for Image Caption Generation
Creators: name: Katiyar, Sulabh
name: Borgohain, Samir Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Aided by recent advances in Deep Learning, Image Caption Generation has seen tremendous progress over the last few years. Most methods use transfer learning to extract visual information, in the form of image features, with the help of pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network models followed by transformation of the visual information using a Caption Generator module to generate the output sentences. Different methods have used different Convolutional Neural Network Architectures and, to the best of our knowledge, there is no systematic study which compares the relative efficacy of different Convolutional Neural Network architectures for extracting the visual information. In this work, we have evaluated 17 different Convolutional Neural Networks on two popular Image Caption Generation frameworks: the first based on Neural Image Caption (NIC) generation model and the second based on Soft-Attention framework. We observe that model complexity of Convolutional Neural Network, as measured by number of parameters, and the accuracy of the model on Object Recognition task does not necessarily co-relate with its efficacy on feature extraction for Image Caption Generation task.
description: Article Published in International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications(IJACSA), Volume 11 Issue 12, 2020
Direct measurement of antiferromagnetic domain fluctuations
Creators: name: Shpyrko, O. G.
name: Isaacs, E. D.
name: Logan, J. M.
name: Feng, Yejun
name: Aeppli, G.
name: Jaramillo, R.
name: Kim, H. C.
name: Rosenbaum, T. F.
name: Zschack, P.
name: Sprung, M.
name: Narayanan, S.
name: Sandy, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of magnetic noise emanating from ferromagnets due to domain motion were first carried out nearly 100 years ago and have underpinned much science and technology. Antiferromagnets, which carry no net external magnetic dipole moment, yet have a periodic arrangement of the electron spins extending over macroscopic distances, should also display magnetic noise, but this must be sampled at spatial wavelengths of order several interatomic spacings, rather than the macroscopic scales characteristic of ferromagnets. Here we present the first direct measurement of the fluctuations in the nanometre-scale spin- (charge-) density wave superstructure associated with antiferromagnetism in elemental Chromium. The technique used is X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy, where coherent x-ray diffraction produces a speckle pattern that serves as a "fingerprint" of a particular magnetic domain configuration. The temporal evolution of the patterns corresponds to domain walls advancing and retreating over micron distances. While the domain wall motion is thermally activated at temperatures above 100K, it is not so at lower temperatures, and indeed has a rate which saturates at a finite value - consistent with quantum fluctuations - on cooling below 40K. Our work is important because it provides an important new measurement tool for antiferromagnetic domain engineering as well as revealing a fundamental new fact about spin dynamics in the simplest antiferromagnet.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Ταφές πολεμιστών στην αρχαία Ελλάδα
Creators: name: Γαβριηλίδης, Αντώνιος Ηλία
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Ταφές πολεμιστών
Ταφικά έθιμα
Αρχαίος ελληνικός επιθετικός και αμυντικός οπλισμός
Warrior burials
Burial customs
Ancient Greek arms and armour

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας μελέτης είναι οι ταφές πολεμιστών στον ελλαδικό χώρο κατά την αρχαιότητα, με έμφαση στο φαινόμενο της κτέρισης των νεκρών με όπλα. Η χρονική περίοδος η οποία εξετάζεται εδώ αρχίζει από την εποχή του Σιδήρου και φθάνει έως και την ελληνιστική. Το α΄ μέρος της εργασίας διαιρείται σε τέσσερα κεφάλαια με βάση τη χρονολογική ταξινόμηση των ευρημάτων. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζονται οι τάφοι πολεμιστών της εποχής του Σιδήρου κατά γεωγραφική περιοχή αρχίζοντας από Βορρά προς Νότο. Στη συνέχεια ακολουθούν τα κεφάλαια που αφορούν την αρχαϊκή, την κλασική και τέλος, την ελληνιστική περίοδο. Στο β΄ μέρος παρουσιάζονται τα πορίσματα της μελέτης που πραγματοποιήθηκε, τα οποία συνοδεύονται από αναλυτικούς πίνακες που καταγράφουν τα αρχαιολογικά δεδομένα που συγκεντρώθηκαν. Τα συμπεράσματα ακολουθούν την ίδια διάρθρωση με το κύριο μέρος της εργασίας, καθώς παρουσιάζονται με την ανάλογη χρονολογική σειρά.
description: The subject of the present study revolves around the burials of warriors in the area of Greece during antiquity, with emphasis on the phenomenon of burying the dead with arms. The time period which is examined here begins from the Iron Age and reaches up to the Hellenistic Era. The first part of the thesis is divided into four chapters based on the chronological classification of findings. In the first chapter i present the warrior burials of the Iron Age by geographical region, starting from the North and heading to the South. Afterwards i proceed to the chapters concerning the Archaic, the Classical and finally, the Hellenistic Era. In the second part i present the conclusions of the study that was conducted, the above are accompanied by detailed tables that record the archaeological data that were assembled. The conclusions follow the same structure with the main part of the thesis, as they are presented in the same chronological order.
On the Representation of Almost Primes by Sets of Quadratic Forms
Creators: name: Marasingha, Gihan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N36 (11N05)

description: We investigate the problem of r almost-primes represented by sets of quadratic forms and give upper bounds for r. Our results extend work of Diamond and Halberstam in which they investigated the corresponding problem for polynomials.
description: 21 pages
Bayesian evidence for the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ and neutrino masses $m_ν$: Effects of uniform vs logarithmic priors
Creators: name: Hergt, Lukas T.
name: Handley, Will J.
name: Hobson, Michael P.
name: Lasenby, Anthony N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the effect that the choice of a uniform or logarithmic prior has on the Bayesian evidence and hence on Bayesian model comparisons when data provide only a one-sided bound on a parameter. We investigate two particular examples: the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ of primordial perturbations and the mass of individual neutrinos $m_ν$, using the cosmic microwave background temperature and polarisation data from Planck 2018 and the NuFIT 5.0 data from neutrino oscillation experiments. We argue that the Kullback-Leibler divergence, also called the relative entropy, mathematically quantifies the Occam penalty. We further show how the Bayesian evidence stays invariant upon changing the lower prior bound of an upper constrained parameter. While a uniform prior on the tensor-to-scalar ratio disfavours the $r$-extension compared to the base LCDM model with odds of about 1:20, switching to a logarithmic prior renders both models essentially equally likely. LCDM with a single massive neutrino is favoured over an extension with variable neutrino masses with odds of 20:1 in case of a uniform prior on the lightest neutrino mass, which decreases to roughly 2:1 for a logarithmic prior. For both prior options we get only a very slight preference for the normal over the inverted neutrino hierarchy with Bayesian odds of about 3:2 at most.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. Submitted to PRD. Data available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4556360
Braid Group, Gauge Invariance and Topological Order
Creators: name: Sato, Masatoshi
name: Kohmoto, Mahito
name: Wu, Yong-Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological order in two-dimensional systems is studied by combining the braid group formalism with a gauge invariance analysis. We show that flux insertions (or large gauge transformations) pertinent to the toroidal topology induce automorphisms of the braid group, giving rise to a unified algebraic structure that characterizes the ground-state subspace and fractionally charged, anyonic quasiparticles. Minimal ground state degeneracy is derived without assuming any relation between quasiparticle charge and statistics. We also point out that noncommutativity between large gauge transformations is essential for the topological order in the fractional quantum Hall effect.
description: 5pages, 2 figures; reference added
title: Vertices in higher-dimensional spherically reduced quantum gravity
Creators: name: Ecker, Florian
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dilatongravitation
subject: zwei Dimensionen
subject: virtuelle Schwarze Löcher
subject: Quantengravitation

description: Following previous results the quantization of D-dimensional spherically reduced Einstein gravity with minimally coupled scalar matter is performed. The gravitational variables can be treated exactly using Eddington–Finkelstein gauge in the path integral leading to a non-local effective action for the matter sector. At tree-level it is known to generate two sorts of non-local four-point vertices which lead to finite S-matrix elements if the original spacetime has D = 4 . Here, the stability of the finiteness of this amplitude is investigated for higher dimensions. After a long computation, a first result is reached: For D = 6 the divergent terms of the highest transcendentality cancel.
How Will Russia's Work Permit Cost Increase Affect Uzbekistan's Economy and Migration Patterns?
Creators: name: Kelsinboev, Azizbek
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 389999
subject: Other economics not elsewhere classified

description: From the beginning of 2024, The Russian Government is going to increase the costs of labor patents(work permits) for migrants from CIS countries. This article explores the pivotal role of the Russian economy in providing employment opportunities for Uzbek citizens, shedding light on the impact of remittances on Uzbekistan's economic stability. Furthermore, it delves into the challenges posed by illegal migration practices and highlights the potential economic repercussions of disruptions in the pricing of work permits. By examining all of the relevant and complex dynamics, this article aims to offer possible implications of the rise in the costs of labor patents for labor migration, remittances, and economic stability in the context of Uzbekistan's relationship with Russia.
Design and realization of topological Dirac fermions on a triangular lattice
Creators: name: Bauernfeind, Maximilian
name: Erhardt, Jonas
name: Eck, Philipp
name: Thakur, Pardeep K.
name: Gabel, Judith
name: Lee, Tien-Lin
name: Schäfer, Jörg
name: Moser, Simon
name: Di Sante, Domenico
name: Claessen, Ralph
name: Sangiovanni, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-gap quantum spin Hall insulators are promising materials for room-temperature applications based on Dirac fermions. Key to engineer the topologically non-trivial band ordering and sizable band gaps is strong spin-orbit interaction. Following Kane and Mele's original suggestion, one approach is to synthesize monolayers of heavy atoms with honeycomb coordination accommodated on templates with hexagonal symmetry. Yet, in the majority of cases, this recipe leads to triangular lattices, typically hosting metals or trivial insulators. Here, we conceive and realize "indenene", a triangular monolayer of indium on SiC exhibiting non-trivial valley physics driven by local spin-orbit coupling, which prevails over inversion-symmetry breaking terms. By means of tunneling microscopy of the 2D bulk we identify the quantum spin Hall phase of this triangular lattice and unveil how a hidden honeycomb connectivity emerges from interference patterns in Bloch $p_x \pm ip_y$-derived wave functions.
The irreducible weak modules for the fixed point subalgebra of the vertex algebra associated to a non-degenerate even lattice by an automorphism of order $2$ (Part $1$)
Creators: name: Tanabe, Kenichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B69

description: Let $V_{L}$ be the vertex algebra associated to a non-degenerate even lattice $L$, $θ$ the automorphism of $V_{L}$ induced from the $-1$-isometry of $L$, and $V_{L}^{+}$ the fixed point subalgebra of $V_{L}$ under the action of $θ$. In this series of papers, we classify the irreducible weak $V_{L}^{+}$-modules and show that any irreducible weak $V_{L}^{+}$-module is isomorphic to a weak submodule of some irreducible weak $V_{L}$-module or to a submodule of some irreducible $θ$-twisted $V_{L}$-module. In this paper (Part 1), we show that when the rank of $L$ is $1$, every non-zero weak $V_{L}^{+}$-module contains a non-zero $M(1)^{+}$-module, where $M(1)^{+}$ is the fixed point subalgebra of the Heisenberg vertex operator algebra $M(1)$ under the action of $θ$.
description: 29 pages. To appear in Journal of Algebra. We divide the article arXiv:1910.07126 into 3 parts for publication. This is the first part
Dimorphilus oophagus Giglio & Salcedo & Watkins & Olivera 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Giglio, Matías L.
name: Salcedo, Paula Flórez
name: Watkins, Maren
name: Olivera, Baldomero
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Dinophilidae
Dimorphilus
Dimorphilus oophagus

description: Dimorphilus oophagus sp. nov.
Zoobank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5F04BFD0-4062-42E9-8BD8-48A979C4FA07
Material examined. Holotype: adult female collected inside the egg capsules of C.ermineus living in captivity at the University of Utah in June 2021 by Matías L. Giglio and Paula Flórez Salcedo, fixed and preserved in 70% ethanol (Voucher# umnh.ann.0001770); Paratype: same collection data and preservation as holotype (Voucher# umnh.ann.0001771).
Diagnosis. Based on females; prostomium with two ciliary tufts projecting anteriorly, and two ciliary bands, second one complete; eyespots rounded.
Description. Adult s: Females body hyaline, cylindrical, plump shape 512.8 − 692.31 μ m long (mean = 615.35 μ m), with six segments between the prostomium and pygidium (fig. 5A, E). Prostomium with two well-defined, round-shaped, pigmented eyespots, two ciliary tufts projecting terminally, and two sets of cilia organized in two bands (an incomplete band between eyespots and anterior end, and a complete band between eyes and mouth) (fig. 5A, C, E). Each trunk segment with a central transversal ciliary band (fig. 5 A, D, E). Pygidium short, conical, lacking cilia.
Prominent muscular pharynx well defined located at level of segment 1. Two thirds of mid body cavity full of pale white/grey oocytes (37.7 − 88.9 μ m in diameter). Males not observed.
Juvenile: body elongated, slender (fig. 5B), always smaller than the adult forms. Identical to adult females except for having less segments and lacking oocytes.
Type locality. Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Etymology: the specific epithet “ oophagus ” is the Greek form for “egg eater,” and refers to the atypical egg-feeding behaviour of the species.
Remarks. Dimorphylus oophagus sp. nov. can be clearly distinguished from the other two species of the genus by a combination of traits including ciliary arrangement and eyespot shape (table 2). The three species have no males in their original descriptions, presumably due to the difficultness in finding them, as they are dwarf and have short lifespans, characteristic of other species of the genus. Unfortunately, we do not have enough material of females or juveniles, to further analyse the morphology of these specimens (i.e., using electron microscope or histology).
and urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5F04BFD0-4062- 42E9-8BD8-48A979C4FA07 for the species.
description: Published as part of Giglio, Matías L., Salcedo, Paula Flórez, Watkins, Maren & Olivera, Baldomero, 2023, Insights into a putative polychaete-gastropod symbiosis from a newly identiFIed annelid worm that predates upon Conus ermineus eggs, pp. 97-111 in Contributions to Zoology 92 (2) on pages 103-106, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-bja10038, http://zenodo.org/record/8349922
Plans for a Neutron EDM Experiment at SNS
Creators: name: Ito, Takeyasu M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electric dipole moment of the neutron, leptons, and atoms provide a unique window to Physics Beyond the Standard Model. We are currently developing a new neutron EDM experiment (the nEDM Experiment). This experiment, which will be run at the 8.9 A Neutron Line at the Fundamental Neutron Physics Beamline (FNPB) at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, will search for the neutron EDM with a sensitivity two orders of magnitude better than the present limit. In this paper, the motivation for the experiment, the experimental method, and the present status of the experiment are discussed.
description: 9 Pages, 4 Figures, submitted to the proceedings of the Second Meeting of the APS Topical Group on Hadronic Physics, Nashville, TN, October 22-24, 2006
title: Sustainability criteria in international trade in agricultural products
Creators: name: Gameiro, Mariana
name: Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento
name: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
Publisher: name: CEBRAP / GCRF TradeHub
Year: 2020
Subjects: social-environmental sustainability
agricultural markets
international trade
Brazil

description: This output has been funded in whole or part by the UK Research and Innovation’s Global Challenges Research Fund under the Trade, Development and the Environment Hub project (project number ES/S008160/1).
Finite key analysis for symmetric attacks in quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Meyer, Tim
name: Kampermann, Hermann
name: Kleinmann, Matthias
name: Bruss, Dagmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a constructive method to calculate the achievable secret key rate for a generic class of quantum key distribution protocols, when only a finite number n of signals is given. Our approach is applicable to all scenarios in which the quantum state shared by Alice and Bob is known. In particular, we consider the six state protocol with symmetric eavesdropping attacks, and show that for a small number of signals, i.e. below the order of 10^4, the finite key rate differs significantly from the asymptotic value for n approaching infinity. However, for larger n, a good approximation of the asymptotic value is found. We also study secret key rates for protocols using higher-dimensional quantum systems.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Variable stars in the newly discovered Milky Way satellite in Bootes
Creators: name: Dall'Ora, M.
name: Clementini, G.
name: Kinemuchi, K.
name: Ripepi, V.
name: Marconi, M.
name: Di Fabrizio, L.
name: Greco, C.
name: Rodgers, C. T.
name: Kuehn, C.
name: Smith, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present $V,I$ light curves for 12 variable stars identified in the newly discovered satellite of the Milky Way in the Bootes constellation (Belokurov et al. 2006).Our sample includes 11 RR Lyrae stars (5 first overtone, 5 fundamental mode and 1 double mode pulsator),and one long period variable close to the galaxy red giant branch tip. The RR Lyrae stars trace very well the average $V$ luminosity of the galaxy horizontal branch, leading to a true distance modulus for the galaxy of $μ_0$=19.11 $\pm$ 0.08 mag for an assumed metal abundance of [Fe/H]=-2.5 (Monoz et al. 2006), and for $E(B-V)$=0.02 mag. Average periods are =0.69 d and =0.37 d for {\it ab-} and {\it c-} type RR Lyrae stars, respectively, making of Bootes the second pure Oosterhoff type II (OoII) dSph after Ursa Minor. The location of the double mode RR Lyrae (RRd) in the Petersen diagram is consistent with RRd stars in OoII clusters, and corresponds to an intrinsic luminosity of $log L/logL\odot$=1.72 (for Z=10$^{-4}$ and M=0.80 M$\odot$) according to Bono et al. (1996) pulsation models.
description: Accepted for publication on ApJ Letters
Additional file 1 of Effects of higher PEEP and recruitment manoeuvres on mortality in patients with ARDS: a systematic review, meta-analysis, meta-regression and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Ball, Lorenzo
name: Serpa Neto, Ary
name: Trifiletti, Valeria
name: Mandelli, Maura
name: Firpo, Iacopo
name: Robba, Chiara
name: Gama de Abreu, Marcelo
name: Schultz, Marcus J.
name: Patroniti, Nicolò
name: Rocco, Patricia R. M.
name: Pelosi, Paolo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Additional analyses.
Kelvin's clouds
Creators: name: Passon, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1900 Lord Kelvin identified two problems for 19th century physics, two "clouds" as he puts it: the relative motion of the ether with respect to massive objects, and Maxwell-Boltzmann's theorem on the equipartition of energy. These issues were eventually solved by the theory of special relativity and by quantum mechanics. In modern quotations, the content of Kelvin's lecture is almost always distorted and misrepresented. For example, it is commonly claimed that Kelvin was concerned about the UV-catastrophe of the Rayleigh-Jeans law, while his lecture actually makes no reference at all to blackbody radiation. I rectify these mistakes and explore reasons for their occurrence.
description: 10 pages, no figures. Accepted by the American Journal of Physics
A Data-driven Event Generator for Hadron Colliders using Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network
Creators: name: Choi, Suyong
name: Lim, Jae Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Highly reliable Monte-Carlo event generators and detector simulation programs are important for the precision measurement in the high energy physics. Huge amounts of computing resources are required to produce a sufficient number of simulated events. Moreover, simulation parameters have to be fine-tuned to reproduce situations in the high energy particle interactions which is not trivial in some phase spaces in physics interests. In this paper, we suggest a new method based on the Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network (WGAN) that can learn the probability distribution of the real data. Our method is capable of event generation at a very short computing time compared to the traditional MC generators. The trained WGAN is able to reproduce the shape of the real data with high fidelity.
description: To appear in Journal of the Korean Physical Society
Individual transferable fishery quotas under uncertainty
Creators: name: Kusuda, Hisafumi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: A model of a fishery with an uncertain fish stock is proposed to compare alternative management systems with individual transferable quotas (ITQs). Assumptions of the model include: (1) the fish stock fluctuates randomly year by year; (2) in-season stock depletion is small; (3) the total allowable catch (TAC) set by the quota authorities has a definite relation with the fish stock level; (4) the true value of the stock level is revealed only at the middle of each season, when the authorities revise the TAC; (5) fishers form rational expectations on future quota prices. The principal results are: (a) If fishers are risk-neutral, the share quota (SQ) system and the quantity quota (QQ) system generate the same amount of fishery rent, although the division of the rent between fishers and the authorities under one system is different from the other. If the TAC is proportional to the stock level, the more price-inelastic the demand for fish is, the more likely it is that fishers are better off under the QQ system at the expense of the authorities. (b) A quota tax and a harvest tax that collect the same amount of revenue for the authorities result in the same division of the fishery rent among heterogeneous fishers. The quota tax and the profit tax differ in this respect. Which fishers will prefer a quota tax over a profit tax will depend on fishers' shares of the initial quota endowment and in total inframarginal profits afterward. (c) If fishers are risk-averse, the SQ system and the QQ system are not equivalent in their allocative efficiency. An example shows that the SQ system is potentially better than the QQ system when fishers prefer the latter and the authorities prefer the former. This conclusion has to be modified if risk-neutral traders participate in the quota market
Curvature decomposition of G_2 manifolds
Creators: name: Cleyton, Richard
name: Ivanov, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C10 (Primary); 53C25, 53C29 (Secondary)

description: Explicit formulas for the $G_2$-components of the Riemannian curvature tensor on a manifold with a $G_2$ structure are given in terms of Ricci contractions. We define a conformally invariant Ricci-type tensor that determines the 27-dimensional part of the Weyl tensor and show that its vanishing on compact $G_2$ manifold with closed fundamental form forces the three-form to be parallel. A topological obstruction for the existence of a $G_2$ structure with closed fundamental form is obtained in terms of the integral norms of the curvature components. We produce integral inequalities for closed $G_2$ manifold and investigate limiting cases. We make a study of warped products and cohomogeneity-one $G_2$ manifolds. As a consequence every Fernández-Gray type of $G_2$ structure whose scalar curvature vanishes may be realized such that the metric has holonomy contained in $G_2$.
description: LaTeX 2e, 26 pages, 2 tables. Changes in version 2: shortened, reorganized, misprints corrected, several remarks and new introduction. A formula in the proof of Theorem 1.2a has been corrected. Submitted
End-to-End Dereverberation, Beamforming, and Speech Recognition with Improved Numerical Stability and Advanced Frontend
Creators: name: Zhang, Wangyou
name: Boeddeker, Christoph
name: Watanabe, Shinji
name: Nakatani, Tomohiro
name: Delcroix, Marc
name: Kinoshita, Keisuke
name: Ochiai, Tsubasa
name: Kamo, Naoyuki
name: Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
name: Qian, Yanmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, the end-to-end approach has been successfully applied to multi-speaker speech separation and recognition in both single-channel and multichannel conditions. However, severe performance degradation is still observed in the reverberant and noisy scenarios, and there is still a large performance gap between anechoic and reverberant conditions. In this work, we focus on the multichannel multi-speaker reverberant condition, and propose to extend our previous framework for end-to-end dereverberation, beamforming, and speech recognition with improved numerical stability and advanced frontend subnetworks including voice activity detection like masks. The techniques significantly stabilize the end-to-end training process. The experiments on the spatialized wsj1-2mix corpus show that the proposed system achieves about 35% WER relative reduction compared to our conventional multi-channel E2E ASR system, and also obtains decent speech dereverberation and separation performance (SDR=12.5 dB) in the reverberant multi-speaker condition while trained only with the ASR criterion.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, accepted by ICASSP 2021