cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interaction of Human Serum Albumin with short Polyelectrolytes: A study by Calorimetry and Computer Simulation
Creators: name: Yu, Shun
name: Xu, Xiao
name: Yigit, Cemil
name: van der Giet, Markus
name: Zidek, Walter
name: Jankowski, Joachim
name: Dzubiella, Joachim
name: Ballauff, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present a comprehensive study of the interaction of human serum albumin (HSA) with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA; number average degree of polymerization: 25) in aqueous solution. The interaction of HSA with PAA is studied in dilute solution as the function of the concentration of added salt (20 - 100 mM) and temperature (25 - 37$^{\circ}$C). Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) is used to analyze the interaction and to determine the binding constant and related thermodynamic data. It is found that only one PAA chain is bound per HSA molecule. The free energy of binding $ΔG_b$ increases with temperature significantly. $ΔG_b$ decreases with increasing salt concentration and is dominated by entropic contributions due to the release of bound counterions. Coarse-grained Langevin computer simulations treating the counterions in an explicit manner are used study the process of binding in detail. These simulations demonstrate that the PAA chains are bound in the Sudlow II site of the HSA. Moreover, $ΔG_b$ is calculated from the simulations and found to be in very good agreement with the measured data. The simulations demonstrate clearly that the driving force of binding is the release of counterions in full agreement with the ITC-data.
title: State-of-the-art computed tomography of the aorta and application in every day clinical practice
Creators: name: Rengier, Fabian
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Dissection
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate current state-of-the-art computed tomography (CT) of the aorta and recent technological developments based on a series of patients in our university hospital. To discuss their application in aortic diseases in clinical...
Effect of scattering on the transonic solution topology and intrinsic variability of line-driven stellar winds
Creators: name: Sundqvist, Jon O.
name: Owocki, Stanley P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For line-driven winds from hot, luminous OB stars, we examine the subtle but important role of diffuse, scattered radiation in determining both the topology of steady-state solutions and intrinsic variability in the transonic wind base. We use a smooth source function formalism to obtain nonlocal, integral expressions for the direct and diffuse components of the line-force that account for deviations from the usual localized, Sobolev forms. As the scattering source function is reduced, we find the solution topology in the transonic region transitions from X-type, with a unique wind solution, to a nodal type, characterized by a degenerate family of solutions. Specifically, in the idealized case of an optically thin source function and a uniformly bright stellar disk, the unique X-type solution proves to be a stable attractor to which time-dependent numerical radiation-hydrodynamical simulations relax. But in models where the scattering strength is only modestly reduced, the topology instead turns nodal, with the associated solution degeneracy now manifest by intrinsic structure and variability that persist down to the photospheric wind base. This highlights the potentially crucial role of diffuse radiation for the dynamics and variability of line-driven winds, and seriously challenges the use of Sobolev theory in the transonic wind region. Since such Sobolev-based models are commonly used in broad applications like stellar evolution and feedback, this prompts development of new wind models, not only for further quantifying the intrinsic variability found here, but also for computing new theoretical predictions of global properties like velocity laws and mass-loss rates.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures (incl. 1 Appendix), accepted for publication in MNRAS
What does the world spend on criminal justice?
Creators: name: Farrell, Graham
name: Clark, Ken
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strafjustiz , Kosten
subject: 360

description: This study produces an estimate of the global costs of public expenditure on criminal justice. The global estimate is an extrapolation from data provided by the governments of seventy countries. At the country-level there is a strong relationship between the level of available public money and expenditure upon public policing, courts, prosecution and prisons. The relationship is explored using six regression models, and criminal justice expenditure in other countries is estimated using the best models. Global criminal justice expenditure in 1997 is estimated at $360 billion (the equivalent of $424 billion in 2004 prices), of which 62 percent was spent on policing, 3 percent on prosecutions, 18 percent on courts, and 17 percent on prisons. As the first systematic empirical estimate of global criminal justice expenditure, it is hoped that the present research may spur better data collection practices and further research.
Theory of the Electron Sheath and Presheath
Creators: name: Scheiner, Brett
name: Baalrud, Scott D.
name: Yee, Benjamin T.
name: Hopkins, Matthew M.
name: Barnat, Edward V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron sheaths are commonly found near Langmuir probes collecting the electron saturation current. The common assumption is that the probe collects the random flux of electrons incident on the sheath, which tacitly implies that there is no electron presheath and that the flux collected is due to a velocity space truncation of the electron velocity distribution function (EVDF). This work provides a dedicated theory of electron sheaths, which suggests that they are not so simple. Motivated by EVDFs observed in Particle-In-Cell (PIC) simulations, a 1D model for the electron sheath and presheath is developed. In the model, under low temperature plasma conditions ($T_e\gg T_i$), an electron pressure gradient accelerates electrons in the presheath to a flow velocity that exceeds the electron thermal speed at the sheath edge. This pressure gradient generates large flow velocities compared to what would be generated by ballistic motion in response to the electric field. It is found that in many situations, under common plasma conditions, the electron presheath extends much further into the plasma than an analogous ion presheath. PIC simulations reveal that the ion density in the electron presheath is determined by a flow around the electron sheath and that this flow is due to 2D aspects of the sheath geometry. Simulations also indicate the presence of ion acoustic waves excited by the differential flow between electrons and ions in the presheath which result in sheath edge fluctuations. The 1D model and time averaged PIC simulations are compared and it is shown that the model provides a good description of the electron sheath and presheath.
Attitude networks as intergroup realities: Using network-modelling to research attitude-identity relationships in polarized political contexts
Creators: name: Lueders, Adrian
name: CARPENTRAS, DINO
name: QUAYLE, MICHAEL
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We apply a newly developed attitude network-modelling technique (Response-Item Network, or ResIN) to study attitude–identity relationships in the context of hot–button issues that polarize the current US-American electorate. The properties of the network–method allow us to simultaneously depict differences in the structural organization of attitudes between groups and to explore the relevance of organized attitude–systems for group identity management.Individuals based on a sample of US-American crowd workers (N=396) and the representative 2020 ANES data set (N=8280), we model an attitude network with two conflictive partisan belief-systems. In the first step, we demonstrate that the structural properties of the attitude network provide substantial information about latent partisan identities, thereby revealing which attitudes ‘belong’ to specific groups. In a second step, we evaluate the potential of attitudes to communicate identity-relevant information. Results from a vignette study suggest that people rely on their mental representations of attitude-identity links to structure and evaluate their social environment. By high-lighting functional interdependences between (macro level) attitude structures and identity management, the presented findings help advancing the understanding of attitude identity dynamics and socio-political cleavage
Violencia de pareja intima contra la mujer: revisión sistemática de tipologías, metodologías y tópicos actuales en su investigación .docx
Creators: name: Inostroza Rovegno, Carolina Isabel
name: Sáez-Delgado, Fabiola
name: Ballesteros Cárdenas, Mery Laura
name: Izquierdo Araujo, Luís Emilio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 520502
subject: Gender psychology

description: Material de repositorio del artículo “Violencia de pareja intima contra la mujer: revisión sistemática de tipologías, metodologías y tópicos actuales en su investigación” publicado en la Revista Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología https://revista.saludcyt.ar/ojs/index.php/sct.Autores: Mery Laura Ballesteros Cárdenas, Carolina Isabel Inostroza Rovegno, Fabiola Sáez-Delgado, Luis Emilio Izquierdo Araujo.A continuación, se expone:Tabla 1. Codificación de variablesTabla 2. Resultados. Aspectos metodológicos y variables estudiadasReferencias
PRIKAZ KNJIGE PSIHIJATRIJSKA HOSPITALIZACIJA: POŠTIVANJE ETIČKIH NAČELA I STIGMATIZACIJA, AUTORKE MARTINE BARBIŠ
Creators: name: Uredništvo Savremene Psihijatrije I Medicine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Knjiga iz naslova ovog prikaza bavi se odnosom psihijatrijskog osoblja i osoba koje doživljavaju psihički poremećaj, a njena autorka je Martina Barbiš. Izdavač knjige su IZVORI, a objavljena je 2019. godine u Zagrebu, Hrvatska. Publikovanje je potpomognuto od strane Ministarstva znanosti i obrazovanja Republike Hrvatske.
A Comparative Report of Health Care Provisions in Prisons in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic
Creators: name: MacDonald, Morag
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Polen , Ungarn , Tschechische Republik , Justizvollzugsanstalt , Gesundheitsvorsorge , Vergleich
subject: 360

description: This report is a follow up to previous visits to the Hungarian, Polish and Czech Prison Departments in January 2001. In the first visits, discussions were held with the Prison Service Headquarters in each country about the key issues affecting the provisions of health care and related issues in the organisation and management of the prison system (see previous report, MacDonald, 2001). The initial exploratory visits also provided an understanding and knowledge of the policies for health and drug and alcohol addiction developed by the prison services in each of the countries. The initial visits of 2001 provided the basis for the second visits during 2002. The aim of the visits was to facilitate a broad-based review of provision of health care and response to drug addiction in each of the sample prisons. In each country, three prisons were visited which included male and female prisons, those for sentenced and pre-sentenced prisoners and institutions for young offenders. The sample prisons visited in the Czech Republic were Plzen male pre-sentenced and sentenced prison, Svetla nad Sazavou Women’s prison and Vsehrdy juvenile prison. In Hungary they were Kalocsa women’s prison, Szeged high-security male sentenced prison and Tököl juvenile prison. In Poland they were Katowice sentenced prison, Grochow pre-sentenced prison and Lubliniec women’s prison.
title: CT dose data by CT radiation treatment planning scans versus CT diagnosis
Creators: name: Johansen, Safora
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: CT
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: 1) to compare the absorbed dose from Computed Tomography (CT) scans used for pre radiotherapy planning (RP‑CT) against those from diagnostic CT (DG‑CT) examinations. 2) to explore the possible reasons for any dose...
Design of a low noise, wide band, active dipole antenna for a cosmic ray radiodetection experiment
Creators: name: Charrier, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An active dipole antenna has been designed to measure transient electric field induced by ultra high energy cosmic rays for the CODALEMA experiment. The main requirements for this detector, composed of a low noise preamplifier placed close to a dipole antenna, are a wide bandwidth ranging from 100 kHz to 100 MHz and a good sensitivity on the whole spectrum.
description: Accepted for publication in Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2007 IEEE, 4 pages, 3 figures
Indopiptadenia oudhensis Brenan, Kew Bull. 1955
Creators: name: Tiwari, Arjun Prasad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Indopiptadenia
Indopiptadenia oudhensis

description: Indopiptadenia oudhensis (Brandis) Brenan, Kew Bull. 1955: 179. 1955 (Fig. 1).
 Basionym: Piptadenia oudhensis Brandis, For. Fl. N. W. & C. India 168. 1874.
 Lectotype (designated here):— India: Ind. Or., Oudh (‘ Oude’), R. Thompson 135 (communicated by Dr. Stewart July 1871) (K, K000756997 image!); Isolectotype (HBG, HBG520694 image!).
 Notes:— Brandis (1874) first published the name Piptadenia oudhensis based on two specimens, one at K (K000627974) and another at HBG (HBG520694!) without specifying any one of them as holotype. The best and most complete specimen with leaves, flowers and pods (K000756997) is designated here as the lectotype as it agrees well with the protologue.
description: Published as part of Tiwari, Arjun Prasad, 2017, Lectotypification of Indopiptadenia oudhensis (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae), pp. 282-284 in Phytotaxa 297 (3) on page 282, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.297.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/13695651
title: T1 mapping assessment for myocardial injury and collateral formation in coronary chronic total occlusion: post-contrast T1 ratio versus extracellualr volume fraction
Creators: name: Chen, Yin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: MR
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Cardiac Assist Devices
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Post-contrast T1 value is influenced by multiple factors, including technical details, renal excretion, distribution of contrast agent and patient characteristics [1]. Extracellular volume fraction (ECV) [2] or myocardial T1 value corrected by blood...
Replication of Eskine, K. J., Kacinik, N. A., & Prinz, J. J. (2011) at Brigham Young University - Idaho Spring 2016
Creators: name: Kvavle, Jordan
name: Barton, Jenessa
name: Moody, Alicea
name: Jensen, Kyle
name: Davis, Emily
name: Leverett, Wendy
name: Wilson, Kelsey
name: Wiggins, Bradford
name: Pfleger, Isaac
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: BYU-I Spring 2016
subject: crep

description: We are a group of upper-level psychology students completing this replication for an advanced research psychology class.
Quantitative comparisons to promote inquiry in the introductory physics lab
Creators: name: Holmes, N. G.
name: Bonn, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent report, the American Association of Physics Teachers has developed an updated set of recommendations for curriculum of undergraduate physics labs.1 This document focuses on six major themes: constructing knowledge, modeling, designing experiments, developing technical and practical laboratory skills, analyzing and visualizing data, and communicating physics. These themes all tie together as a set of practical skills in scientific measurement, analysis, and experimentation. In addition to teaching students how to use these skills, it is important for students to know when to use them so that they can use them autonomously. This requires, especially in the case of analytical skills, high-levels of inquiry behaviours to reflect on data and iterate measurements, which students rarely do in lab experiments. In this paper, we describe a simple framework for structuring the critical thinking and inquiry behaviours relevant to lab work, which focuses on iterative cycles of comparisons between data sets. We describe the framework and demonstrate examples of its use in an introductory physics lab course.
description: Accepted for publication in The Physics Teacher (accepted: May 2015; to appear: Fall 2015)
Optimisation Method for Training Deep Neural Networks in Classification of Non- functional Requirements
Creators: name: Sabir, Maliha
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 2022

description: Non-functional requirements (NFRs) are regarded critical to a software system's success. The majority of NFR detection and classification solutions have relied on supervised machine learning models. It is hindered by the lack of labelled data for training and necessitate a significant amount of time spent on feature engineering. In this work we explore emerging deep learning techniques to reduce the burden of feature engineering. The goal of this study is to develop an autonomous system that can classify NFRs into multiple classes based on a labelled corpus. In the first section of the thesis, we standardise the NFRs ontology and annotations to produce a corpus based on five attributes: usability, reliability, efficiency, maintainability, and portability. In the second section, the design and implementation of four neural networks, including the artificial neural network, convolutional neural network, long short-term memory, and gated recurrent unit are examined to classify NFRs. These models, necessitate a large corpus. To overcome this limitation, we proposed a new paradigm for data augmentation. This method uses a sort and concatenates strategy to combine two phrases from the same class, resulting in a two-fold increase in data size while keeping the domain vocabulary intact. We compared our method to a baseline (no augmentation) and an existing approach Easy data augmentation (EDA) with pre-trained word embeddings. All training has been performed under two modifications to the data; augmentation on the entire data before train/validation split vs augmentation on train set only. Our findings show that as compared to EDA and baseline, NFRs classification model improved greatly, and CNN outperformed when trained using our suggested technique in the first setting. However, we saw a slight boost in the second experimental setup with just train set augmentation. As a result, we can determine that augmentation of the validation is required in order to achieve acceptable results with our proposed approach. We hope that our ideas will inspire new data augmentation techniques, whether they are generic or task specific. Furthermore, it would also be useful to implement this strategy in other languages.
Multimodal Pivots for Image Caption Translation
Creators: name: Hitschler, Julian
name: Schamoni, Shigehiko
name: Riezler, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an approach to improve statistical machine translation of image descriptions by multimodal pivots defined in visual space. The key idea is to perform image retrieval over a database of images that are captioned in the target language, and use the captions of the most similar images for crosslingual reranking of translation outputs. Our approach does not depend on the availability of large amounts of in-domain parallel data, but only relies on available large datasets of monolingually captioned images, and on state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks to compute image similarities. Our experimental evaluation shows improvements of 1 BLEU point over strong baselines.
description: Final version, accepted at ACL 2016. New section on Human Evaluation
title: Dose reduction using Cu-filter for full-spine radiografic examination of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Creators: name: Minehiro, Kaori
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Radiation safety
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Bones
subject: Congenital

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is present in 2%–4% of children aged between 10 and 16 years( Fig. 1 ) . It is defined as a lateral (LAT) curvature of the spine greater than 10°, accompanied by vertebral rotation. Although the LAT curvature...
Presentations during the BI&SemWeb Event in Dakar, 2020 (Online)
Creators: name: Atemezing Auguste Ghislain
name: Ngonga Axel-Cyrille
name: Cissé Moustapha
name: Bellatreche Ladjel
name: Diyé Dia
name: Djofang Dieudonné
name: Kamdem Christianne
name: Michel, Kana
name: Yemdji Christelle
name: Diallo Gayo
name: Mballo Chérif
name: CONVOLBO Moise Wendkuuni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The presentations during the BI&SemWeb event in 2020 (online) in Dakar, Senegal. Link to the speakers and slides: https://sites.google.com/view/bisemweb20
Hope aspects of the women´s experience when confirmation high-risk pregnancy condition: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Antunes, Monica
name: Charepe, Zaida
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: High-risk pregnancy
subject: Hope
subject: Prenatal diagnosis
subject: Women´s experiences

description: This registration is the protocol of a scoping review that seeks to map the available evidence on the nature, extent, and range in relation to lived experience of women´s hope when confronted with high-risk pregnancy that may endanger the health of the mother and/or foetus.
title: Pulmonary Sarcoidosis: A radiologic pictorial review.
Creators: name: Arcalis, Nuria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: eLearning
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Mediastinum

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe chest radiographic appearances of pulmonary sarcoidosis. To review and illustrate the radiologic appearance thin-section high resolution computed tomographic (HRCT) features depending on the stage. To emphasize imaging key features which...
Ian M. Glynn - Scientific Publications 1954-2004 from IAN MICHAEL GLYNN. 3 June 1928—7 July 2022
Creators: name: Lew, Virgilio L.
name: Karlish, Steven J. D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In the mid 1950s the convergence of crucial discoveries on nerve and muscle physiology brought to centre stage the question of how sodium and potassium concentration gradients needed for nerve conduction and muscle contraction are maintained. This was the subject Ian Glynn set out to investigate when he returned to Cambridge as a Trinity College graduate student in 1953. His initial results on the sodium and potassium permeabilities of the human red blood cell membrane, published in 1956–1967, established these cells as an ideal experimental system for studying the transport properties of the ‘sodium pump’ because of the ease with which the ionic composition of intra- and extracellular environments could be controlled, cell metabolism managed and ionic fluxes measured using isotopes. This work was followed by ground-breaking contributions from his research group over the next decades in a long series of brilliantly designed experiments, setting the foundations of our current understanding of the molecular mechanism of the sodium/potassium pump. Ian became a Trinity College fellow in 1960, advanced rapidly to a professorship in the Department of Physiology after being elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1970, and was appointed head of department in 1986 until his retirement in 1995.
title: MRI in hepatic candidosis : diagnostic and follow-up
Creators: name: Colleter, Loïc
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Spleen
subject: Liver
subject: Abdomen
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Haematologic diseases
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. Describe imaging findings in hepatic candidiasis (ultrasound, CT scan and MRI) 2.Determine the evolutionary aspects in MRI 3. Review of spleen and kidneys...
Is there a maximum mass for black holes in galactic nuclei?
Creators: name: Inayoshi, Kohei
name: Haiman, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The largest observed supermassive black holes (SMBHs) have a mass of M_BH ~ 10^{10} M_sun, nearly independent of redshift, from the local (z~0) to the early (z>6) Universe. We suggest that the growth of SMBHs above a few 10^{10} M_sun is prevented by small-scale accretion physics, independent of the properties of their host galaxies or of cosmology. Growing more massive BHs requires a gas supply rate from galactic scales onto a nuclear region as high as >10^3 M_sun/yr. At such a high accretion rate, most of the gas converts to stars at large radii (~10-100 pc), well before reaching the BH. We adopt a simple model (Thompson et al. 2005) for a star-forming accretion disk, and find that the accretion rate in the sub-pc nuclear region is reduced to the smaller value of at most a few M_sun/yr. This prevents SMBHs from growing above ~10^{11} M_sun in the age of the Universe. Furthermore, once a SMBH reaches a sufficiently high mass, this rate falls below the critical value at which the accretion flow becomes advection dominated. Once this transition occurs, BH feeding can be suppressed by strong outflows and jets from hot gas near the BH. We find that the maximum SMBH mass, given by this transition, is between M_{BH,max} ~ (1-6) * 10^{10} M_sun, depending primarily on the efficiency of angular momentum transfer inside the galactic disk, and not on other properties of the host galaxy.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, appendix added
Assessing the role of vascular risk factors in dementia: Mendelian randomization meta-analysis and comparison with observational estimates
Creators: name: Lee, Liam
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Neurology

description: In this paper, we report the causative role of modifiable vascular risk factors in dementia through meta-analysis of Mendelian Randomization studies. Our results show that apart from genetically predicted higher body mass index, no evidence was found to support an association between dementia and other genetically predicted vascular risk factors. This is significant because many modifiable risk factors associated with dementia in observational studies may not play a causative role. This should be of particular interest to readers in neurology and public health. This article has been published as a pre-print on medRxiv. There are no conflicts of interest. All authors are agreeing to the submission of this article.
title: Development of real-time radiation exposure dosimetry system for interventional radiology using synthetic ruby
Creators: name: Hosokai, Yoshiyuki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Instrumentation
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Cardiovascular system

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Radiation-induced injury is a considerable problem for those performing interventional radiology (IVR) [1-3]. One of the reasons for the occurrence of this type of injury is that the local skin dose cannot be monitored in real time in IVR. Although...
Planning "on the coast" in New Brunswick
Creators: name: Robichaud, Armand
name: Jordan, Paul
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: City planning--New Brunswick
subject: Atlantic Coast (Canada)
subject: Planning--Fieldwork--New Brunswick
subject: Beaubassin Planning Commission District (BPC)

description: An overview of the most popular mobile workshop of the 2000 CIP conference in Charlottetown, PEI: "On the Coast" - a tour of parts of New Brunswick's coast to explore issues and experiences with coastal planning in the Beaubassin Planning Commission District.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/6328/Robichaud.pdf?sequence=3
South Saskatchewan River basin water management: A Red Deer River basin perspective
Creators: name: Shaw, Bill
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: South Saskatchewan River--Water rights
subject: Watersheds--Prairie Provinces
subject: Water use--Prairie Provinces--Planning
subject: South Saskatchewan River Watershed (Alta. and Sask.)

description: Summary of a presentation which surveyed water management planning in the Red Deer, Bow and Oldman Rivers, which comprise Alberta's portion of the South Saskatchewan River basin.
description: Presentation from third session of the 2000 CIP conference: Planning process approaches.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/6329/Shaw.pdf?sequence=3
title: Esophageal prostheses: when and how
Creators: name: Gil Sierra, Antonia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Stents
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Prostheses
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the technical, indications, contraindications and complications of stent in inoperable esophageal...
Comparison of ten packages that compute ocean carbonate chemistry.
Creators: name: Orr, J.C.
name: Epitalon, J.-M.
name: Gattuso, J.-P.
Publisher: name: UNESCO/IOC
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Carbonate chemistry
subject: Equilibrium constants
subject: Parameter Discipline::Chemical oceanography::Carbonate system
subject: Data Management Practices::Data analysis

description: Marine scientists often use two measured or modeled carbonate system variables to compute others. These carbonate chemistry calculations, based on well-known thermodynamic equilibria, are now available in a dozen pub- lic packages. Ten of those were compared using common input data and the set of equilibrium constants recommended for best practices. Current versions of all 10 pack- ages agree within 0.2 μatm pCO2, 0.0002 units for pH,and 0.1 μmol kg−1 for CO2−3 in terms of surface zonal-mean values. That represents more than a 10-fold improvement relative to outdated versions of the same packages. Differences between packages grow with depth for some computed variables but remain small. Discrepancies derive largely from differences in equilibrium constants. Analysis of the sensitivity of each computed variable to changes in each constant reveals the general dominance of K1 and K2 but also the comparable sensitivity to KB for the AT–CT input pair. Best-practice formulations for K1 and K2 are implemented consistently among packages. Yet with more recent formulations designed to cover a wider range of salinity, packages disagree by up to 8 μatm in pCO2, 0.006 units in pH, and 1 μmol kg−1 in CO2−3 under typical surface conditions. They use different proposed sets of coefficients for these formulations, all of which are inconsistent. Users would do well to use up-to-date versions of packages and the constants recommended for best practices
title: Diffuse cystic lung disease: Differential diagnosis and distinguishing features
Creators: name: Sato, Yoshinao
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cysts
subject: Congenital
subject: Education
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the definition of pulmonary cysts To differentiate from other air filled pulmonary lesions, like an emphysematous bulla, cystic bronchiectasis, honeycombing, and a cavitating malignancy To describe the differential diagnosis of cystic lung...
Galaxy clustering with photometric surveys using PDF redshift information
Creators: name: Asorey, J.
name: Kind, M. Carrasco
name: Sevilla-Noarbe, I.
name: Brunner, R. J.
name: Thaler, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric surveys produce large-area maps of the galaxy distribution, but with less accurate redshift information than is obtained from spectroscopic methods. Modern photometric redshift (photo-z) algorithms use galaxy magnitudes, or colors, that are obtained through multi-band imaging to produce a probability density function (PDF) for each galaxy in the map. We used simulated data to study the effect of using different photo-z estimators to assign galaxies to redshift bins in order to compare their effects on angular clustering and galaxy bias measurements. We found that if we use the entire PDF, rather than a single-point (mean or mode) estimate, the deviations are less biased, especially when using narrow redshift bins. When the redshift bin widths are $Δz=0.1$, the use of the entire PDF reduces the typical measurement bias from 5%, when using single point estimates, to 3%.
description: Matches the MNRAS published version. 19 pages, 19 Figures
On geodesic dynamics in deformed black-hole fields
Creators: name: Semerák, Oldřich
name: Suková, Petra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "Almost all" seems to be known about isolated stationary black holes in asymptotically flat space-times and about the behaviour of {\em test} matter and fields in their backgrounds. The black holes likely present in galactic nuclei and in some X-ray binaries are commonly being represented by the Kerr metric, but actually they are not isolated (they are detected only thanks to a strong interaction with the surroundings), they are not stationary (black-hole sources are rather strongly variable) and they also probably do not live in an asymptotically flat universe. Such "perturbations" may query the classical black-hole theorems (how robust are the latter against them?) and certainly affect particles and fields around, which can have observational consequences. In the present contribution we examine how the geodesic structure of the static and axially symmetric black-hole space-time responds to the presence of an additional matter in the form of a thin disc or ring. We use several different methods to show that geodesic motion may become chaotic, to reveal the strength and type of this irregularity and its dependence on parameters. The relevance of such an analysis for galactic nuclei is briefly commented on.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures
Spin-flop transition and magnetic phase diagram in CaCo$_{2}$As$_{2}$ revealed by torque measurements
Creators: name: Zhang, W.
name: Nadeem, K.
name: Xiao, H.
name: Yang, R.
name: Xu, B.
name: Yang, H.
name: Qiu, X. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic properties of CaCo$_{2}$As$_{2}$ single crystal was systematically studied by using dc magnetization and magnetic torque measurements. A paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition occurs at $T_N$ = 74 K with Co spins being aligned parallel to the c axis. For $H \parallel c$, a field-induced spin-flop transition was observed below $T_N$ and a magnetic transition from antiferromagnetic to paramagnetic was inferred from the detailed analysis of magnetization and magnetic torque. Finally, we summarize the magnetic phase diagram of CaCo$_{2}$As$_{2}$ based on our results in the \emph{H-T} plane.
title: Spiculations of pulmonary nodules: pathologic analysis and TSCT comparison
Creators: name: Kishida, Hiromi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CAD
subject: Surgery
subject: Cancer
subject: Pathology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: We studied if incidence, density and incidence of tumor invasion of spiculations in each pulmonary nodule histology may depend on pulmonary nodule histology and studied capability of visualization of spiculations on thin-section CT (TSCT) in...
Optimal geometry of lateral GaAs and Si/SiGe quantum dots for electrical control of spin qubits
Creators: name: Malkoc, Ognjen
name: Stano, Peter
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of the orientation of the magnetic field and the orientation of a quantum dot, with respect to crystallographic coordinates, on the quality of an electrically controlled qubit realized in a gated semiconductor quantum dot. We find that, due to the anisotropy of the spin-orbit interactions, varying the two orientations it is possible to tune the qubit in the sense of optimizing the ratio of its couplings to phonons and to a control electric field. We find conditions under which such optimal setup can be reached by solely reorienting the magnetic field, and when a specific positioning of the dot is required. We also find that the knowledge of the relative sign of the spin-orbit interactions strengths allows to choose a robust optimal dot geometry, with the dot main axis along [110], or [1$\overline{1}$0], where the qubit can be always optimized by reorienting the magnetic field.
description: Revised version : 12 pages, 4 figures. Published version with minor adjustments to text and updated references
title: Thin-section CT findings in surgically resected solitary pulmonary metastases in comparison with those in primary lung cancer
Creators: name: Fuchikami, Nao
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metastases
subject: Cancer
subject: CAD
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Lung

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: We studied if thin-section CT (TSCT) findings in pulmonary metastases that were surgically resected as a solitary pulmonary metastasis (SPM) may differ according to sites and histology of primary tumor and evaluated discriminative TSCT findings...
Nambu-Goldstone Effective Theory of Information at Quantum Criticality
Creators: name: Dvali, Gia
name: Franca, Andre
name: Gomez, Cesar
name: Wintergerst, Nico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a fundamental connection between quantum criticality of a many-body system, such as Bose-Einstein condensates, and its capacity of information-storage and processing. For deriving the effective theory of modes in the vicinity of the quantum critical point we develop a new method by mapping a Bose-Einstein condensate of $N$-particles onto a sigma model with a continuous global (pseudo)symmetry that mixes bosons of different momenta. The Bogolyubov modes of the condensate are mapped onto the Goldstone modes of the sigma model, which become gapless at the critical point. These gapless Goldstone modes are the quantum carriers of information and entropy. Analyzing their effective theory, we observe the information-processing properties strikingly similar to the ones predicted by the black hole portrait. The energy cost per qubit of information-storage vanishes in the large-$N$ limit and the total information-storage capacity increases with $N$ either exponentially or as a power law. The longevity of information-storage also increases with $N$, whereas the scrambling time in the over-critical regime is controlled by the Lyapunov exponent and scales logarithmically with $N$. This connection reveals that the origin of black hole information storage lies in the quantum criticality of the graviton Bose-gas, and that much simpler systems that can be manufactured in table-top experiments can exhibit very similar information-processing dynamics.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
Surface plasmon polaritons in topological Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Hofmann, Johannes
name: Sarma, Sankar Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider theoretically surface plasmon polaritons in Weyl semimetals. These materials contain pairs of band touching points - Weyl nodes - with a chiral topological charge, which induces an optical anisotropy and anomalous transport through the chiral anomaly. We show that these effects, which are not present in ordinary metals, have a direct fundamental manifestation in the surface plasmon dispersion. The retarded Weyl surface plasmon dispersion depends on the separation of the Weyl nodes in energy and momentum space. For Weyl semimetals with broken time-reversal symmetry, the distance between the nodes acts as an effective applied magnetic field in momentum space, and the Weyl surface plasmon polariton dispersion is strikingly similar to magnetoplasmons in ordinary metals. In particular, this implies the existence of nonreciprocal surface modes. In addition, we obtain the nonretarded Weyl magnetoplasmon modes, which acquire an additional longitudinal magnetic-field dependence. These predicted surface plasmon results are observable manifestations of the chiral anomaly in Weyl semimetals and might have technological applications.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
title: Mixed ground-glass opacity pulmonary adenocarcinoma of <= 3cm: correlation of PET-SUVmax with thin-section CT findings
Creators: name: Miyoshi, Kae
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: PET-CT
subject: CAD
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In this study, we assessed the correlation between PET-SUVmax and thin-section CT (TSCT) findings in peripheral pulmonary adenocarcinoma with mixed ground-glass opacity (GGO). Background Lung cancer is the most common and the leading cause of...
Migration of helium-pair in metals
Creators: name: Cao, J. L.
name: Geng, W. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding helium accumulation in plasma-facing or structural materials in a fusion reactor starts from uncovering the details of the migration of single and paired He interstitials. We have carried out a first-principles density functional theory investigation into the migration of both a single interstitial He atom and an interstitial He-pair in bcc (Fe, Mo and W) and fcc (Cu, Pd and Pt) metals. By identifying the most stable configurations of an interstitial He-pair in each metal and decomposing its motion into rotational, translational, and rotational-translational routines, we are able to determine its migration barrier and trajectory. Our first-principles calculations reveal that the migration trajectories and barriers are determined predominantly by the relatively stable He-pair configurations which depend mainly on the stability of a single He in different interstices. Contrary to atomistic studies reported in literature, the migration barrier in bcc Fe, Mo, and W is 0.07, 0.07, and 0.08 eV respectively, always slightly higher than for a single interstitial He (0.06 eV for all three). Configurations of a He-pair in fcc metals are much more complicated, due to the stability closeness of different interstitial sites for a single He atom. In both Cu and Pd, the migration of a He-pair proceeds by moving one He at a time from one tetrahedral site to neighboring octahedral site; whereas in Pt the two He move simultaneously because the bridge interstitial site presents an extremely low barrier. The migration barrier for a He-pair is 0.05, 0.15, and 0.04 eV for Cu, Pd, and Pt, slightly lower than (in Cu), or similar to (in Pd and Pt) a single He, which is 0.08, 0.15, and 0.03 eV, respectively. The associative motions of a He-pair are ensured by the strong He-He interactions in metals which are chemical bonding-like and can be described very well with Morse potentials.
description: 34 pages, 12 figures
Sociodemographic Predictors of Religious/Spiritual Beliefs and Behaviours - ALSPAC Parental Generation
Creators: name: Smith, Daniel
name: Morgan, Jimmy
name: Halstead, Isaac
name: Tohidinik, Hamid
name: Iles-Caven, Yasmiin
name: Golding, Jean
name: Northstone, Kate
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: ALSPAC

description: Supplementary information supporting the article ‘Demographic and socioeconomic predictors of religious/spiritual beliefs and behaviours in a prospective cohort study (ALSPAC) in Southwest England: Results from the parental generation’.