cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A comparative cradle‐to‐gate life cycle assessment of carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer and steel‐reinforced bridges
Creators: name: Khorgade, Prathamesh
name: Rettinger, Martin
name: Burghartz, Anne
name: Schlaich, Mike
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer
subject: cradle‐to‐gate
subject: life cycle assessment
subject: post‐tensioned bridges
subject: reinforced cement concrete
subject: sustainability

description: Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) has proven to be an excellent replacement for conventionally used steel in the construction industry. This is especially relevant in bridge engineering, where its corrosion resistance, low weight-to-strength ratio, and outstanding fatigue properties can be put to appropriate use, for example, to prestress the bridge girders. These properties are a huge part of the success of prestressed CFRP bridges, which tremendously increase the structural and material efficiency and hence help facilitate the construction of slender and durable bridges. However, apart from the structural performance of the bridges, the aspect of sustainability (environmental viability, economic feasibility, and social acceptance) plays a vital role in determining the overall efficiency. Prior studies have illustrated that the CFRP reinforcements in themselves are relatively unsustainable as compared to conventional steel reinforcements. However, owing to the extraordinarily high material efficiency generally associated with structures built with CFRP reinforcements, it can be hypothesized that these are equally or even more sustainable as compared to their counterparts. In this study, an aspect of sustainability, namely, environmental impact, is addressed. As a first part of the study, cradle-to-gate CO2 emissions for conventional building materials and CFRP have been thoroughly reviewed and documented. Attributed to the heterogeneity of the data available for CO2 emissions from CFRP reinforcements, three scenarios (favorable, realistic, and unfavorable) were drawn up. Based on these values, a comparative life cycle assessment was undertaken for two bridge systems, namely, Rosensteinsteg II (already constructed) and an overpass over German highway A-20 (design in process). For each bridge system, two separate variants with steel and CFRP reinforcements were considered. For Rosensteinsteg II, a reduction of approximately 28% was observed in the CO2 emissions (favorable global warming potential values for CFRP) once the steel was replaced with prestressed CFRP. A total of 18% reduction was observed for the A-20 bridge with CFRP reinforcements. With the help of the current study, it could be concluded that, especially for bridges not experiencing heavy vehicular loads, prestressed CFRP bridges are the most environmentally feasible option.
Dynamics of a homogeneous active dumbbell system
Creators: name: Suma, Antonio
name: Gonnella, Giuseppe
name: Laghezza, Gianluca
name: Lamura, Antonio
name: Mossa, Alessandro
name: Cugliandolo, Leticia F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the dynamics of a two dimensional system of interacting active dumbbells. We characterise the mean-square displacement, linear response function and deviation from the equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation theorem as a function of activity strength, packing fraction and temperature for parameters such that the system is in its homogeneous phase. While the diffusion constant in the last diffusive regime naturally increases with activity and decreases with packing fraction, we exhibit an intriguing non-monotonic dependence on the activity of the ratio between the finite density and the single particle diffusion constants. At fixed packing fraction, the time-integrated linear response function depends non-monotonically on activity strength. The effective temperature extracted from the ratio between the integrated linear response and the mean-square displacement in the last diffusive regime is always higher than the ambient temperature, increases with increasing activity and, for small active force it monotonically increases with density while for sufficiently high activity it first increases to next decrease with the packing fraction. We ascribe this peculiar effect to the existence of finite-size clusters for sufficiently high activity and density at the fixed (low) temperatures at which we worked. The crossover occurs at lower activity or density the lower the external temperature. The finite density effective temperature is higher (lower) than the single dumbbell one below (above) a cross-over value of the Peclet number.
description: To be published in Physical Review E
Epistemic gratitude — Experiment 6
Creators: name: Mercier, Hugo
name: Karabegovic, Mia
name: Guley, Olha
name: Boyer, Pascal
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: In this experiment, we investigate: 1) Whether participants are more likely to strategically divulge information without asking for immediate reciprocity. 2) Whether people will predict that others will be more likely to disclose information without waiting for confirmation under time pressure conditions compared to a control condition, in order to be first and elicit more gratitude.
Hidden Champions and their integration in rural regional innovation systems: Insights from Germany
Creators: name: Rietmann, Carsten
Publisher: name: Berlin : de Gruyter
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Family-owned firms
subject: Hidden Champions
subject: qualitative analysis
subject: regional innovation systems
subject: rural areas
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: This article studies the integration of Hidden Champions - little-known highly innovative global market leaders - in rural regional innovation systems (RIS) in Germany. These firms are analyzed in relation to their integration into a RIS framework, which differentiates two subsystems: knowledge generation and diffusion, and knowledge application and exploitation. The relevance of firm-internal and firm-external regional influencing factors on rural RIS integration is examined. The article proposes that Hidden Champions are weakly integrated in RIS due to their international sales focus and high technological specialization. To test this premise, 57 expert interviews with Hidden Champions and regional actors were conducted. It was found that key influences for RIS integration of this firm type are ownership structure, firm size, organizational status, location economies, and urbanization economies. Family businesses are on average more integrated than other firm types, but vary significantly in their integration.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase modulates ethanol inhibition of cell adhesion mediated by the L1 neural cell adhesion molecule
Creators: name: Sulik, K. K.
name: Dou, X.
name: Wilkemeyer, M. F.
name: Charness, M. E.
name: Menkari, C. E.
name: Parnell, S. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: There is a genetic contribution to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), but the identification of candidate genes has been elusive. Ethanol may cause FASD in part by decreasing the adhesion of the developmentally critical L1 cell adhesion molecule through interactions with an alcohol binding pocket on the extracellular domain. Pharmacologic inhibition or genetic knockdown of ERK2 did not alter L1 adhesion, but markedly decreased ethanol inhibition of L1 adhesion in NIH/3T3 cells and NG108-15 cells. Likewise, leucine replacement of S1248, an ERK2 substrate on the L1 cytoplasmic domain, did not decrease L1 adhesion, but abolished ethanol inhibition of L1 adhesion. Stable transfection of NIH/3T3 cells with human L1 resulted in clonal cell lines in which L1 adhesion was consistently sensitive or insensitive to ethanol for more than a decade. ERK2 activity and S1248 phosphorylation were greater in ethanol-sensitive NIH/3T3 clonal cell lines than in their ethanol-insensitive counterparts. Ethanol-insensitive cells became ethanol sensitive after increasing ERK2 activity by transfection with a constitutively active MAP kinase kinase 1. Finally, embryos from two substrains of C57BL mice that differ in susceptibility to ethanol teratogenesis showed corresponding differences in MAPK activity. Our data suggest that ERK2 phosphorylation of S1248 modulates ethanol inhibition of L1 adhesion by inside-out signaling and that differential regulation of ERK2 signaling might contribute to genetic susceptibility to FASD. Moreover, identification of a specific locus that regulates ethanol sensitivity, but not L1 function, might facilitate the rational design of drugs that block ethanol neurotoxicity.
Modulation of B-cell exosome proteins by gamma herpesvirus infection
Creators: name: Raab-Traub, N.
name: Dekroon, R. M.
name: Heaton, P. R.
name: Damania, B.
name: Edwards, R. H.
name: Ozgur, S.
name: Gunawardena, H. P.
name: Meckes, D. G.
name: Griffith, J. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Exosomes are released from tumor cells at high levels, and multiple studies have determined that the secreted exosomes enter recipient cells and can affect their biologic and biochemical properties. In this study, the specific effects of the oncogenic herpesviruses, EBV and Kaposi sarcoma-associated virus, on the proteomes of B-cell exosomes were determined using global quantitative proteomics. The data indicate that the viruses greatly impact the protein content of exosomes with common and distinct changes induced by both viruses. It is likely that these alterations in exosome content modulate the tumor environment, potentially to enhance viral infection and promote tumorigenesis.
Examining the impact of economic inequality on collective action (study 1)
Creators: name: Lannon, Finn
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Life Sciences

description: This experiment manipulated the distribution of income of three groups in an experimental paradigm that places participants in a fictional society (Plasseyville). Participants were always allocated to the middle-status group. Some tasks are completed by participants to maximise the external validity of the experiment (writing about their time in Plasseyville, choosing a car, house and holiday). Participants then completed the study measures in the attached.
Strongly Interacting Holes in Ge/Si Nanowires
Creators: name: Maier, Franziska
name: Meng, Tobias
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider holes confined to Ge/Si core/shell nanowires subject to strong Rashba spin-orbit interaction and screened Coulomb interaction. Such wires can, for instance, serve as host systems for Majorana bound states. Starting from a microscopic model, we find that the Coulomb interaction strongly influences the properties of experimentally realistic wires. To show this, a Luttinger liquid description is derived based on a renormalization group analysis. This description in turn allows to calculate the scaling exponents of various correlation functions as a function of the microscopic system parameters. It furthermore permits to investigate the effect of Coulomb interaction on a small magnetic field, which opens a strongly anisotropic partial gap.
Glaube und Politik im Islam - unter welchem Paradigma?
Creators: name: Abū-Ṣuwai, Muṣṭafā Maḥmūd
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 39 Nr. 4 (2003): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 39, Heft 4
Ontological and Methodological Limitations of Certain Cultural Evolution Approaches
Creators: name: Valković, Martina
Publisher: name: Thousand Oaks, Calif. [u.a.] : Sage
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: cultural evolutionary theory
subject: individualism
subject: methodology
subject: reductionism
subject: social ontology
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Recently there has been a rise in the application of concepts and methods from biological evolutionary theory to human cultures and societies where the aim is to explain these by describing them as population-level phenomena reducible to individual-level processes. I argue against this type of view by using Mesoudi's Cultural Evolution as a case study. I claim that Mesoudi’s ontological assumptions about cultures and societies are dubious and his methodological assumptions inadequate when it comes to addressing cultural and social phenomena. A consequence is that this approach to studying culture is, at the very least, incomplete and of limited application.
Eine Hindu-Antwort auf die päpstliche Enzyklika "Fides et Ratio"
Creators: name: Panneerselvam, Sivanandam
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 39 Nr. 4 (2003): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 39, Heft 4
Molecular basis for chromatin binding and regulation of MLL5
Creators: name: Rincon-Arano, H.
name: Kutateladze, T. G.
name: Zhao, W.
name: Tong, Q.
name: Strahl, B. D.
name: Deng, L.-W.
name: Parkhurst, S. M.
name: Groudine, M.
name: Ali, M.
name: Rothbart, S. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The human mixed-lineage leukemia 5 (MLL5) protein mediates hematopoietic cell homeostasis, cell cycle, and survival; however, the molecular basis underlying MLL5 activities remains unknown. Here, we show that MLL5 is recruited to gene-rich euchromatic regions via the interaction of its plant homeodomain finger with the histone mark H3K4me3. The 1.48-Å resolution crystal structure of MLL5 plant homeodomain in complex with the H3K4me3 peptide reveals a noncanonical binding mechanism, whereby K4me3 is recognized through a single aromatic residue and an aspartate. The binding induces a unique His–Asp swapping rearrangement mediated by a C-terminal α-helix. Phosphorylation of H3T3 and H3T6 abrogates the association with H3K4me3 in vitro and in vivo, releasing MLL5 from chromatin in mitosis. This regulatory switch is conserved in the Drosophila ortholog of MLL5, UpSET, and suggests the developmental control for targeting of H3K4me3. Together, our findings provide first insights into the molecular basis for the recruitment, exclusion, and regulation of MLL5 at chromatin.
IC348-SMM2E: a Class 0 proto-brown dwarf candidate forming as a scaled-down version of low-mass stars
Creators: name: Palau, Aina
name: Zapata, Luis A.
name: Rodriguez, Luis F.
name: Bouy, Herve
name: Barrado, David
name: Morales-Calderon, Maria
name: Myers, Philip C.
name: Chapman, Nicholas
name: Juarez, Carmen
name: Li, Di
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on Submillimeter Array observations of the 870 micron continuum and CO(3-2), 13CO(2-1) and C18O(2-1) line emission of a faint object, SMM2E, near the driving source of the HH797 outflow in the IC348 cluster. The continuum emission shows an unresolved source for which we estimate a mass of gas and dust of 30 Mjup, and the CO(3-2) line reveals a compact bipolar outflow centred on SMM2E, and barely seen also in 13CO(2-1). In addition, C18O(2-1) emission reveals hints of a possible rotating envelope/disk perpendicular to the outflow, for which we infer a dynamical mass of ~16 Mjup. In order to further constrain the accreted mass of the object, we gathered data from Spitzer, Herschel, and new and archive submillimetre observations, and built the Spectral Energy Distribution (SED). The SED can be fitted with one single modified black-body from 70 micron down to 2.1 cm, using a dust temperature of ~24 K, a dust emissivity index of 0.8, and an envelope mass of ~35 Mjup. The bolometric luminosity is 0.10 Lsun, and the bolometric temperature is 35 K. Thus, SMM2E is comparable to the known Class 0 objects in the stellar domain. An estimate of the final mass indicates that SMM2E will most likely remain substellar, and the SMM2E outflow force matches the trend with luminosity known for young stellar objects. Thus, SMM2E constitutes an excellent example of a Class 0 proto-brown dwarf candidate which forms as a scaled-down version of low-mass stars. Finally, SMM2E seems to be part of a wide (~2400 AU) multiple system of Class 0 sources.
description: accepted in MNRAS
The Impact of Economic Inequality and Direction of Comparison on Collective Action Intentions
Creators: name: Lannon, Finn
name: Roth, Jenny
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This experiment manipulated the distribution of income of three groups in an experimental paradigm that places participants in a fictional society (Plasseyville). Participants were always allocated to the middle-status group. Some tasks are completed by participants to maximise the external validity of the experiment (writing about their time in Plasseyville, choosing a car, house and holiday). Participants then completed the study measures in the attached.
The VMC ESO Public Survey
Creators: name: Cioni, M. -R. L.
name: Anders, P.
name: Bagheri, G.
name: Bekki, K.
name: Clementini, G.
name: Emerson, J. P.
name: Evans, C. J.
name: For, B. -Q.
name: de Grijs, R.
name: Gibson, B.
name: Girardi, L.
name: Groenewegen, M. A. T.
name: Guandalini, R.
name: Gullieuszik, M.
name: Ivanov, V. D.
name: Kamath, D.
name: Marconi, M.
name: Marquette, J. -B.
name: Miszalski, B.
name: Moore, B.
name: Moretti, M. I.
name: Muraveva, T.
name: Napiwotzki, R.
name: Oliveira, J. M.
name: Piatti, A. E.
name: Ripepi, V.
name: Romita, K.
name: Rubele, S.
name: Sturm, R.
name: Tatton, B.
name: van Loon, J. Th.
name: Wilkinson, M. I.
name: Wood, P. R.
name: Zaggia, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The VISTA near-infrared YJKs survey of the Magellanic Clouds system (VMC) has entered its core phase: about 40% of the observations across the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC, SMC), the Magellanic Bridge and Stream have already been secured and the data are processed and analysed regularly. The initial analyses, concentrated in the first two completed tiles in the LMC (6_6 including 30 Doradus and 8_8 including the South Ecliptic Pole), show the superior quality of the data. The depth of the VMC survey allows the derivation of the star formation history (SFH) with unprecedented quality compared to previous wide-area surveys while reddening maps of high angular resolution are constructed using red clump stars. The multi-epoch Ks-band data reveal tight period-luminosity relations for variable stars and they permit the measurement of accurate proper motions of the stellar populations. The VMC survey continues to acquire data that will address many issues in the field of star and galaxy evolution.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures
Creating and validating a scholarly knowledge graph using natural language processing and microtask crowdsourcing
Creators: name: Oelen, Allard
name: Stocker, Markus
name: Auer, Sören
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Crowdsourcing microtasks
subject: Knowledge graph validation
subject: Scholarly knowledge graphs
subject: User interface evaluation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::070 | Nachrichtenmedien, Journalismus, Verlagswesen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: Due to the growing number of scholarly publications, finding relevant articles becomes increasingly difficult. Scholarly knowledge graphs can be used to organize the scholarly knowledge presented within those publications and represent them in machine-readable formats. Natural language processing (NLP) provides scalable methods to automatically extract knowledge from articles and populate scholarly knowledge graphs. However, NLP extraction is generally not sufficiently accurate and, thus, fails to generate high granularity quality data. In this work, we present TinyGenius, a methodology to validate NLP-extracted scholarly knowledge statements using microtasks performed with crowdsourcing. TinyGenius is employed to populate a paper-centric knowledge graph, using five distinct NLP methods. We extend our previous work of the TinyGenius methodology in various ways. Specifically, we discuss the NLP tasks in more detail and include an explanation of the data model. Moreover, we present a user evaluation where participants validate the generated NLP statements. The results indicate that employing microtasks for statement validation is a promising approach despite the varying participant agreement for different microtasks.
Cynicism and cardiovascular reactivity to acute personality salient and personality non-salient stress tasks
Creators: name: Howard, Siobhán
name: Gallagher, Stephen
name: Hoult, Lauren
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Pre-registration of a protocol to replicate and re-analyse secondary data to investigate whether cynicism is associated with blunted cardiovascular reactivity to both personally salient and personally non-salient stress tasks.
Molecular basis for pH-dependent mucosal dehydration in cystic fibrosis airways
Creators: name: Hobbs, C. A.
name: Coakley, R. D.
name: Clunes, L. A.
name: Tripathy, A.
name: Garland, A. L.
name: Tan, C. D.
name: Tarran, R.
name: Bencharit, S.
name: Redinbo, M. R.
name: Gilmore, R. C.
name: Stutts, M. J.
name: Betts, L.
name: Walton, W. G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which codes for a chloride/bicarbonate channel whose absence leads to dehydration and acidification of CF airways. A contributing factor to CF lung disease is dysregulation of the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC), which exacerbates mucus dehydration. Here, we show that ENaC hyperactivity in CF airways is direct consequence of acidic airway surface liquid (ASL) and that ASL hydration is restored by raising ASL pH. Additionally, we show that short palate lung and nasal epithelial clone 1, the most abundant gene in airway epithelia, is the extracellular pH-sensitive factor that inhibits ENaC in normal but not CF airways. We suggest that future CF therapy be directed toward raising the pH of CF airways.
parallelMCMCcombine: An R Package for Bayesian Methods for Big Data and Analytics
Creators: name: Miroshnikov, Alexey
name: Conlon, Erin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in big data and analytics research have provided a wealth of large data sets that are too big to be analyzed in their entirety, due to restrictions on computer memory or storage size. New Bayesian methods have been developed for large data sets that are only large due to large sample sizes; these methods partition big data sets into subsets, and perform independent Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo analyses on the subsets. The methods then combine the independent subset posterior samples to estimate a posterior density given the full data set. These approaches were shown to be effective for Bayesian models including logistic regression models, Gaussian mixture models and hierarchical models. Here, we introduce the R package parallelMCMCcombine which carries out four of these techniques for combining independent subset posterior samples. We illustrate each of the methods using a Bayesian logistic regression model for simulation data and a Bayesian Gamma model for real data; we also demonstrate features and capabilities of the R package. The package assumes the user has carried out the Bayesian analysis and has produced the independent subposterior samples outside of the package. The methods are primarily suited to models with unknown parameters of fixed dimension that exist in continuous parameter spaces. We envision this tool will allow researchers to explore the various methods for their specific applications, and will assist future progress in this rapidly developing field.
description: for published version see: http://www.plosone.org/article/fetchObject.action?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0108425&representation=PDF
Molecular basis of antibiotic multiresistance transfer in Staphylococcus aureus
Creators: name: Habibi, S.
name: Firth, N.
name: Del Campo, M.
name: Betts, L.
name: Kwong, S. M.
name: Frazier, M. L.
name: Walton, W. G.
name: Edwards, J. S.
name: Pollet, R. M.
name: Ballentine, W. K.
name: Huang, J. J.
name: Meier, J. L.
name: Redinbo, M. R.
name: Dervan, P. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections pose a significant threat to human health. Antibiotic resistance is most commonly propagated by conjugative plasmids like pLW1043, the first vancomycin-resistant S. aureus vector identified in humans. We present the molecular basis for resistance transmission by the nicking enzyme in S. aureus (NES), which is essential for conjugative transfer. NES initiates and terminates the transfer of plasmids that variously confer resistance to a range of drugs, including vancomycin, gentamicin, and mupirocin. The NES N-terminal relaxase–DNA complex crystal structure reveals unique protein–DNA contacts essential in vitro and for conjugation in S. aureus. Using this structural information, we designed a DNA minor groove-targeted polyamide that inhibits NES with low micromolar efficacy. The crystal structure of the 341-residue C-terminal region outlines a unique architecture; in vitro and cell-based studies further establish that it is essential for conjugation and regulates the activity of the N-terminal relaxase. This conclusion is supported by a small-angle X-ray scattering structure of a full-length, 665-residue NES–DNA complex. Together, these data reveal the structural basis for antibiotic multiresistance acquisition by S. aureus and suggest novel strategies for therapeutic intervention.
Blue and UV light-emitting diodes (LEDs) disturb the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) from its host
Creators: name: Athanasiadou, Maria
name: Meyhöfer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Insect repellency
subject: Light disturbance
subject: Pest control
subject: Take-off behavior
subject: Visual behavior
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft::333 | Boden- und Energiewirtschaft::333,7 | Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie und Umwelt
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::590 | Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Push–pull strategy is a well-known and widely used technique for integrated pest management, leading to the reduction of insecticides. This strategy involves the use of mostly visual and chemical stimuli to repel pests from a valuable crop (push) and attract them to an appealing target, e.g., a trap, (pull). Based on former results, this study explored the effect of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as repelling factors of whiteflies (push). Wavelengths of blue and ultraviolet (UV) were investigated in different light intensities and exposure times in no-choice experiments, under controlled conditions. Whiteflies were exposed directly to LEDs on the underside of tomato leaves and number of repelled insects was counted. The results showed that light intensity and insect repellency were positively related. Insect repellency increased up to tenfold with longer light exposure period. Wavelength of blue and combination of blue + UV repelled more than 87% of whiteflies in light conditions. In darkness, results were only slightly different. The results reveal the property of blue light to repel whiteflies from its host and that addition of UV to blue enhances this effect. They further demonstrate that whitefly vision is dependent on wavelength, light intensity and exposure period. The contribution of the results on understanding the visual behavior of whiteflies and their possible implementation on pest control strategies is discussed.
How communication cost and uninformed individuals can support or impede majority consensus (addendum)
Creators: name: Gradwohl, Nico
name: Strandburg-Peshkin, Ariana
name: Giese, Helge
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Interpersonal and Small Group Communication
subject: Experimental Analysis of Behavior
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social Media
subject: Communication

description: This is an addendum to the the registration on the study of how communication cost and uninformed individuals affect consensus formation registered on osf.io/w68u9
MS/MS networking guided analysis of molecule and gene cluster families
Creators: name: Gutierrez, M.
name: Moore, B. S.
name: Dorrestein, P. C.
name: Wu, C.-H.
name: Atencio, L.
name: Duggan, B. M.
name: Nagarajan, H.
name: Zhao, X.
name: Mehnaz, S.
name: Medema, M. H.
name: Aparicio, M.
name: Watrous, J. D.
name: Lamsa, A.
name: Sanchez, J.
name: Palsson, B. O.
name: Phelan, V. V.
name: Bandeira, N.
name: Charusanti, P.
name: Kersten, R. D.
name: Jackson, C.
name: De Mot, R.
name: Nguyen, D. D.
name: Ballesteros, J.
name: Shank, E. A.
name: van de Wiel, C.
name: Pogliano, K.
name: Moree, W. J.
name: Gavilan, R. G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The paper introduces the concepts of molecular families (MFs) and gene cluster families (GCFs). We define MFs as structurally related molecules based on their mass spectral fragmentation patterns, whereas GCFs are biosynthetic gene clusters that show similar gene cluster organization with a high degree of sequence similarity. We use MS/MS networking as a tool to map the molecular network of more than 60 organisms, most of which are unsequenced, and locate their nonribosomal peptide MFs. These MFs from unsequenced organisms are then connected to GCFs of publicly available genome sequences of closely related organisms.
Consideration of the Multi-Actor Approach in Evaluation Summary Reports (ESR) in Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe proposals: analysis, trends, and applications
Creators: name: Jordi Pietx
name: Mark Redman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Evaluation Summary Report
ESR
multi-actor approach
rubric

description: This discussion paper is an output of Horizon Europe PREMIERE's WP2-Policy.It analyses the ESR (Evaluation Summary Report) statements related to multi-actor approach of 67 Horizon proposals analising characteristics, quality and evolution between Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe. It presents a selection of best accurate statements.
Further from the baseline data it includes a proposal for a rubric for proposal development and evaluation on diferent aspects of the multi-actor approach.
Integrated procurement and reprocessing planning for reusable medical devices with a limited shelf life
Creators: name: Rickers, Steffen
name: Sahling, Florian
Publisher: name: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V.
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Column generation
subject: Limited shelf life
subject: Material logistics in hospitals
subject: Procurement
subject: Reprocessing
subject: Reusable medical devices
subject: Sterile service department
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: We present a new model formulation for a multiproduct dynamic order quantity problem with product returns and a reprocessing option. The optimization considers the limited shelf life of sterile medical devices as well as the capacity constraints of reprocessing and sterilization resources. The time-varying demand is known in advance and must be satisfied by purchasing new medical devices or by reprocessing used and expired devices. The objective is to determine a feasible procurement and reprocessing plan that minimizes the incurred costs. The problem is solved in a heuristic manner in two steps. First, we use a Dantzig-Wolfe reformulation of the underlying problem, and a column generation approach is applied to tighten the lower bound. In the next step, the obtained lower bound is transformed into a feasible solution using CPLEX. Our numerical results illustrate the high solution quality of this approach. The comparison with a simulation based on the first-come-first-served principle shows the advantage of integrated planning.
Mutant PIK3CA accelerates HER2-driven transgenic mammary tumors and induces resistance to combinations of anti-HER2 therapies
Creators: name: Sutton, C. R.
name: Cook, R. S.
name: Kuba, M. G.
name: Perou, C. M.
name: Balko, J. M.
name: Sanchez, V.
name: Cheng, H.
name: Hanker, A. B.
name: Young, C. D.
name: Zhao, J. J.
name: Arteaga, C. L.
name: Pfefferle, A. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2) amplification and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutations often co-occur in breast cancer. Aberrant activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway has been shown to correlate with a diminished response to HER2-directed therapies. We generated a mouse model of HER2-overexpressing (HER2+), PIK3CAH1047R-mutant breast cancer. Mice expressing both human HER2 and mutant PIK3CA in the mammary epithelium developed tumors with shorter latencies compared with mice expressing either oncogene alone. HER2 and mutant PIK3CA also cooperated to promote lung metastases. By microarray analysis, HER2-driven tumors clustered with luminal breast cancers, whereas mutant PIK3CA tumors were associated with claudin-low breast cancers. PIK3CA and HER2+/PIK3CA tumors expressed elevated transcripts encoding markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stem cells. Cells from HER2+/PIK3CA tumors more efficiently formed mammospheres and lung metastases. Finally, HER2+/PIK3CA tumors were resistant to trastuzumab alone and in combination with lapatinib or pertuzumab. Both drug resistance and enhanced mammosphere formation were reversed by treatment with a PI3K inhibitor. In sum, PIK3CAH1047R accelerates HER2-mediated breast epithelial transformation and metastatic progression, alters the intrinsic phenotype of HER2-overexpressing cancers, and generates resistance to approved combinations of anti-HER2 therapies.
Building resilience in cybersecurity: An artificial lab approach
Creators: name: Awiszus, Kerstin
name: Bell, Yannick
name: Lüttringhaus, Jan
name: Svindland, Gregor
name: Voß, Alexander
name: Weber, Stefan
Publisher: name: Malden, Mass. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: complex systems
subject: complexity economics
subject: cyber insurance
subject: cyber resilience
subject: cybersecurity
subject: economics of networks
subject: systemic cyber risks
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: Based on classical contagion models we introduce an artificial cyber lab: the digital twin of a complex cyber system in which possible cyber resilience measures may be implemented and tested. Using the lab, in numerical case studies, we identify two classes of measures to control systemic cyber risks: security- and topology-based interventions. We discuss the implications of our findings on selected real-world cybersecurity measures currently applied in the insurance and regulation practice or under discussion for future cyber risk control. To this end, we provide a brief overview of the current cybersecurity regulation and emphasize the role of insurance companies as private regulators. Moreover, from an insurance point of view, we provide first attempts to design systemic cyber risk obligations and to measure the systemic risk contribution of individual policyholders.
Nanodiamond in tellurite glass Part I: origin of loss in nanodiamond-doped glass
Creators: name: Ebendorff-Heidepriem, Heike
name: Ruan, Yinlan
name: Ji, Hong
name: Greentree, Andrew D.
name: Gibson, Brant C.
name: Monro, Tanya M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary

description: Tellurite glass fibers with embedded nanodiamond are attractive materials for quantum photonic applications. Reducing the loss of these fibers in the 600-800 nm wavelength range of nanodiamond fluorescence is essential to exploit the unique properties of nanodiamond in the new hybrid material. In the first part of this study, we report the effect of interaction of the tellurite glass melt with the embedded nanodiamond on the loss of the glasses. The glass fabrication conditions such as melting temperature and concentration of NDs added to the melt were found to have critical influence on the interaction. Based on this understanding, we identified promising fabrication conditions for decreasing the loss to levels required for practical applications.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Large-eddy simulation of the lid-driven cubic cavity flow by the spectral element method
Creators: name: Bouffanais, Roland
name: Deville, Michel O.
name: Fischer, Paul F.
name: Leriche, Emmanuel
name: Weill, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the large-eddy simulation of the lid-driven cubic cavity flow by the spectral element method (SEM) using the dynamic model. Two spectral filtering techniques suitable for these simulations have been implemented. Numerical results for Reynolds number $\text{Re}=12'000$ are showing very good agreement with other experimental and DNS results found in the literature.
Neuroethology of primate social behavior
Creators: name: Chang, S. W. C.
name: Klein, J. T.
name: Adams, G. K.
name: Watson, K. K.
name: Platt, M. L.
name: Brent, L. J. N.
name: Pearson, J. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A neuroethological approach to human and nonhuman primate behavior and cognition predicts biological specializations for social life. Evidence reviewed here indicates that ancestral mechanisms are often duplicated, repurposed, and differentially regulated to support social behavior. Focusing on recent research from nonhuman primates, we describe how the primate brain might implement social functions by coopting and extending preexisting mechanisms that previously supported nonsocial functions. This approach reveals that highly specialized mechanisms have evolved to decipher the immediate social context, and parallel circuits have evolved to translate social perceptual signals and nonsocial perceptual signals into partially integrated social and nonsocial motivational signals, which together inform general-purpose mechanisms that command behavior. Differences in social behavior between species, as well as between individuals within a species, result in part from neuromodulatory regulation of these neural circuits, which itself appears to be under partial genetic control. Ultimately, intraspecific variation in social behavior has differential fitness consequences, providing fundamental building blocks of natural selection. Our review suggests that the neuroethological approach to primate behavior may provide unique insights into human psychopathology.
Extremal Hairy Black Holes
Creators: name: Gonzalez, P. A.
name: Papantonopoulos, Eleftherios
name: Saavedra, Joel
name: Vasquez, Yerko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a gravitating system consisting of a scalar field minimally coupled to gravity with a self-interacting potential and an U(1) electromagnetic field. Solving the coupled Einstein-Maxwell-scalar system we find exact hairy charged black hole solutions with the scalar field regular everywhere. We go to the zero temperature limit and we study the effect of the scalar field on the near horizon geometry of an extremal black hole. We find that except a critical value of the charge of the black hole there is also a critical value of the charge of the scalar field beyond of which the extremal black hole is destabilized. We study the thermodynamics of these solutions and we find that if the space is flat then at low temperature the Reissner-Nordström black hole is thermodynamically preferred, while if the space is AdS the hairy charged black hole is thermodynamically preferred at low temperature.
description: 17 pages. Match with the journal version accepted by JHEP. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1309.2161
Eye-Movements During Reading and Noisy-Channel Inference Making
Creators: name: Cutter, Michael
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This registration contains a permanent record of stimuli and data for the project. It also contains the analysis script used for the first submission/draft of the work.
What drives solo and team startups at European universities? The interactive role of entrepreneurial climate, gender, and entrepreneurship course participation
Creators: name: Bergmann, Heiko
name: Hundt, Christian
name: Obschonka, Martin
name: Sternberg, Rolf
Publisher: name: Oxford [u.a.] : Carfax Publ. Co.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: entrepreneurial climate
subject: entrepreneurship education
subject: gender
subject: Student entrepreneurship
subject: team formation
subject: university
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::370 | Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Student entrepreneurship can take the form of solo or team efforts. While a positive and supportive university context is likely to increase entrepreneurial activities in general, it is unclear whether this effect is equally strong on both forms of entrepreneurship and for all types of students. Focusing on students embedded in universities, we study the entrepreneurial climate of universities and its combined effects with gender and entrepreneurship education on solo and team entrepreneurship. Drawing from organizational theory and team formation literature, we hypothesize that a positive entrepreneurial climate stimulates both, solo and team entrepreneurship. Yet, we argue that this effect is contingent on individuals’ intrinsic preferences for independence or growth which may differ by gender and entrepreneurship course participation. We test our hypotheses by means of a multilevel and longitudinal research design, using a large international dataset on student entrepreneurs (GUESSS). We find that a positive entrepreneurial climate indeed fosters solo and team startups of students, with gender and entrepreneurship education having an interactive effect. Our results suggest that a positive climate leads to more solo startups of women and more team startups of men. We contribute to a better understanding of student entrepreneurship and, specifically, the formation of solo and team startups. Our results elucidate the hitherto overlooked person-context dynamics and help explain why a supportive university context can unintentionally widen the gender gap in team startups.
A Family of Simulation Criteria to Guide DEVS Models Validation Rigorously, Systematically and Semi-Automatically
Creators: name: Hollmann, Diego A.
name: Cristiá, Maximiliano
name: Frydman, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The most common method to validate a DEVS model against the requirements is to simulate it several times under different conditions, with some simulation tool. The behavior of the model is compared with what the system is supposed to do. The number of different scenarios to simulate is usually infinite, therefore, selecting them becomes a crucial task. This selection, actually, is made following the experience or intuition of an engineer. Here we present a family of criteria to conduct DEVS model simulations in a disciplined way and covering the most significant simulations to increase the confidence on the model. This is achieved by analyzing the mathematical representation of the DEVS model and, thus, part of the validation process can be automatized.
Primary aldosteronism and impaired natriuresis in mice underexpressing TGF 1
Creators: name: Hiller, S.
name: Mamenko, M.
name: Kakoki, M.
name: Hathaway, C. M.
name: Pochynyuk, O. M.
name: Matsuki, K.
name: Hagaman, J. R.
name: Kim, H.-S.
name: Xu, L.
name: Li, F.
name: Smithies, O.
name: Grant, R.
name: Tomita, H.
name: Kayashima, Y.
name: Bertorello, A. M.
name: Zaika, O. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: To uncover the potential cardiovascular effects of human polymorphisms influencing transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) expression, we generated mice with Tgfb1 mRNA expression graded in five steps from 10% to 300% normal. Adrenal expression of the genes for mineralocorticoid-producing enzymes ranged from 50% normal in the hypermorphs at age 12 wk to 400% normal in the hypomorphs accompanied with proportionate changes in plasma aldosterone levels, whereas plasma volumes ranged from 50% to 150% normal accompanied by marked compensatory changes in plasma angiotensin II and renin levels. The aldosterone/renin ratio ranged from 0.3 times normal in the 300% hypermorphs to six times in the 10% hypomorphs, which have elevated blood pressure. Urinary output of water and electrolytes are markedly decreased in the 10% hypomorphs without significant change in the glomerular filtration rate. Renal activities for the Na+, K+-ATPase, and epithelial sodium channel are markedly increased in the 10% hypomorphs. The hypertension in the 10% hypomorphs is corrected by spironolactone or amiloride at doses that do not change blood pressure in wild-type mice. Thus, changes in Tgfb1 expression cause marked progressive changes in multiple systems that regulate blood pressure and fluid homeostasis, with the major effects being mediated by changes in adrenocortical function.