cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Population genetic differentiation of the ubiquitous brooding coral Pocillopora acuta along Phuket Island reefs in the Andaman Sea, Thailand
Creators: name: Fiesinger, Anna
name: Held, Christoph
name: Melzner, Frank
name: Putchim, Lalita
name: Reusch, Thorsten B. H.
name: Schmidt, Andrea L.
name: Wall, Marlene
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 1.
Online Deep Learning from Doubly-Streaming Data
Creators: name: Lian, Heng
name: Atwood, John Scovil
name: Hou, Bojian
name: Wu, Jian
name: He, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates a new online learning problem with doubly-streaming data, where the data streams are described by feature spaces that constantly evolve, with new features emerging and old features fading away. The challenges of this problem are two folds: 1) Data samples ceaselessly flowing in may carry shifted patterns over time, requiring learners to update hence adapt on-the-fly. 2) Newly emerging features are described by very few samples, resulting in weak learners that tend to make error predictions. A plausible idea to overcome the challenges is to establish relationship between the pre-and-post evolving feature spaces, so that an online learner can leverage the knowledge learned from the old features to better the learning performance on the new features. Unfortunately, this idea does not scale up to high-dimensional media streams with complex feature interplay, which suffers an tradeoff between onlineness (biasing shallow learners) and expressiveness(requiring deep learners). Motivated by this, we propose a novel OLD^3S paradigm, where a shared latent subspace is discovered to summarize information from the old and new feature spaces, building intermediate feature mapping relationship. A key trait of OLD^3S is to treat the model capacity as a learnable semantics, yields optimal model depth and parameters jointly, in accordance with the complexity and non-linearity of the input data streams in an online fashion. Both theoretical analyses and empirical studies substantiate the viability and effectiveness of our proposal.
description: Have accepted by ACMMM 2022. Legends mistake in Figure 4 has been corrected
Variability of tropical cyclone track density in the North Atlantic: Observations and high-resolution simulations
Creators: name: Mei, W.
name: Zhao, M.
name: Xie, S.-P.
Publisher: name: American Meteorological Society
Year: 2014

description: Interannual-decadal variability of tropical cyclone (TC) track density over the North Atlantic (NA) between 1979 and 2008 is studied using observations and simulations with a 25-km-resolution version of the High Resolution Atmospheric Model (HiRAM) forced by observed sea surface temperatures (SSTs). The variability on decadal and interannual time scales is examined separately. On both time scales, a basinwide mode dominates, with the time series being related to variations in seasonal TC counts. On decadal time scales, this mode relates to SST contrasts between the tropicalNAand the tropical northeast Pacific as well as the tropical South Atlantic, whereas on interannual time scales it is controlled by SSTs over the central-eastern equatorial Pacific and those over the tropical NA. The temporal evolution of the spatial distribution of track density is further investigated by normalizing the track density with seasonal TC counts. On decadal time scales, two modes emerge: one is an oscillation between track density over the U.S. East Coast and midlatitude ocean and that over the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea and the other oscillates between low and middle latitudes. They might be driven by the preceding winter North Atlantic Oscillation and concurrent Atlantic meridional mode, respectively. On interannual time scales, two similar modes are present in observations but are not well separated in HiRAM simulations. Finally, the internal variability and predictability of TC track density are explored and discussed using HiRAM ensemble simulations. The results suggest that basinwide total TC counts/days are much more predictable than local TC occurrence, posing a serious challenge to the prediction and projection of regional TC threats, especially the U.S. landfall hurricanes.
Solar Radio Bursts with Spectral Fine Structures in Preflares
Creators: name: Zhang, Yin
name: Tan, Baolin
name: Karlický, Marian
name: Mészárosová, Hana
name: Huang, Jing
name: Tan, Chengming
name: Simões, Paulo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A good observation of preflare activities is important for us to understand the origin and triggering mechanism of solar flares, and to predict the occurrence of solar flares. This work presents the characteristics of microwave spectral fine structures as preflare activities of four solar flares observed by Ondřejov radio spectrograph in the frequency range of 0.8--2.0 GHz. We found that these microwave bursts which occurred 1--4 minutes before the onset of flares have spectral fine structures with relatively weak intensities and very short timescales. They include microwave quasi-periodic pulsations (QPP) with very short period of 0.1-0.3 s and dot bursts with millisecond timescales and narrow frequency bandwidths. Accompanying these microwave bursts, there are filament motions, plasma ejection or loop brightening on the EUV imaging observations and non-thermal hard X-ray emission enhancements observed by RHESSI. These facts may reveal certain independent non-thermal energy releasing processes and particle acceleration before the onset of solar flares. They may be conducive to understand the nature of solar flares and predict their occurrence.
Rate equation limit for a combinatorial solution of a stochastic aggregation model
Creators: name: Leyvraz, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent series of papers, an exact combinatorial solution was claimed for a variant of the so-called Marcus--Lushnikov model of aggregation. In this model, a finite number of aggregates, are initially assumed to be present in the form of monomers. At each time step, two aggregates are chosen according to certain size-dependent probabilities and irreversibly joined to form an aggregate of higher mass. The claimed result given an expression for the full probability distribution over all possible size distributions in terms of the so-called Bell polynomials. In this paper, we develop the asymptotics of this solution in order to check whether the exact solution yields correct expressions for the average cluster size distribution as obtained from the Smoluchowski equations. The answer is surprisingly involved: for the generic case of an arbitrary reaction rate, it is negative, but for the so-called {\em classical\/} rate kernels, constant, additive and multiplicative, the solutions obtained are indeed exact. On the other hand, for the multiplicative kernel, a discrepancy is found in the full solution between the combinatorial solution and the exact solution. The reasons for this puzzling pattern of agreement and disagreement are unclear. A better understanding of the combinatorial solution's derivation is needed, the better to understand its range of validity.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, moderate changes from the earlier version of this preprint, due to refereeing process, to be published in Phys. Rev. E
Unconstrained hyperboloidal evolution of black holes in spherical symmetry with GBSSN and Z4c
Creators: name: Vañó-Viñuales, Alex
name: Husa, Sascha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider unconstrained evolution schemes for the hyperboloidal initial value problem in numerical relativity as a promising candidate for the optimally efficient numerical treatment of radiating compact objects. Here, spherical symmetry already poses nontrivial problems and constitutes an important first step to regularize the resulting singular PDEs. We evolve the Einstein equations in their generalized BSSN and Z4 formulations coupled to a massless self-gravitating scalar field. Stable numerical evolutions are achieved for black hole initial data, and critically rely on the construction of appropriate gauge conditions.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
The Economy
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The typical forecast for 1974 calls for GNP growth of about 7-1/4%. Inflation is expected to average between 4.7 and 5.2%, with a mean of 5%. i Real output is expected to grow between 1-1/2 and 2-3/4%, with a mean forecast rate of growth of 2-1/4%. These forecasts are the general or consensus forecasts that have been coming out of various forecasters models during the last several weeks
One-loop central-emission vertex for two gluons in $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Byrne, Emmet P.
name: Del Duca, Vittorio
name: Dixon, Lance J.
name: Gardi, Einan
name: Smillie, Jennifer M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A necessary ingredient for extending the BFKL equation to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy is the one-loop central emission vertex (CEV) for two gluons which are not strongly ordered in rapidity. Here we consider the one-loop six-gluon amplitude in $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills (SYM) theory in a central next-to-multi-Regge kinematic (NMRK) limit, we show that its dispersive part factorises in terms of the two-gluon CEV, and we use it to extract the one-loop two-gluon CEV for any helicity configuration within this theory. This is a component of the two-gluon CEV in QCD. Although computed in the NMRK limit, both the colour structure and the kinematic dependence of the two-gluon CEV capture much of the complexity of the six-gluon amplitudes in general kinematics. In fact, the transcendental functions of the latter can be conveniently written in terms of impact factors, trajectories, single-emission CEVs and a remainder, which is a function of the conformally invariant cross ratios which characterise the six-gluon amplitudes in planar $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM. Finally, as expected, in the MRK limit the two-gluon CEV neatly factorises in terms of two single-emission CEVs.
description: 85 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of Repetitive and compulsive behavior after Early-Life-Pain associated with reduced long-chain sphingolipid species
Creators: name: Vogel, Alexandra
name: Ueberbach, Timo
name: Wilken-Schmitz, Annett
name: Hahnefeld, Lisa
name: Franck, Luisa
name: Weyer, Marc-Philipp
name: Jungenitz, Tassilo
name: Schmid, Tobias
name: Buchmann, Giulia
name: Freudenberg, Florian
name: Brandes, Ralf P.
name: Gurke, Robert
name: Schwarzacher, Stephan W.
name: Geisslinger, Gerd
name: Mittmann, Thomas
name: Tegeder, Irmgard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figures and legends
the impact of the AGN and the torus properties on the evolution of spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Abdulrahman, M. A.
name: Gadallah, K. A. K.
name: Ahmed, A.
name: Elnawawy, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For spiral galaxies, the active galactic nucleus (AGN) and some physical parameters that concern the host galaxy such as spiral arm radius and density can play an important role in the morphological evolution of these galaxies. Considering the gravitational effect of the central black hole as a feeding mechanism, the gas flows from spiral arms to the accretion disk. Accordingly, we constructed our approach and derived an equation for the AGN luminosity that depends on parameters such as the black hole mass and the spiral arm density. The galaxy samples were taken from a catalog of type 1 AGN from SDSS-DR7. In our model, we present the relation between the AGN luminosity and the black hole mass depending on the above physical parameters. We also investigated the relation between the black hole mass and the star formation rate for the galaxy sample. The physical properties of the torus, such as the spiral arm radius, density, the torus length, and the gas mass, and the star formation rate, were explained in terms of the variation of the AGN luminosity. These properties are more effective in the evolutionary scenario of the spiral galaxy. Relative to the variation of the AGN luminosity, the evolutionary track is different based quantitatively on the star formation rate. In which the variation in the star formation rate is positively correlated with the AGN luminosity.
Spatial and temporal characterization of sea surface temperature response to tropical cyclones
Creators: name: Mei, W.
name: Pasquero, C.
Publisher: name: American Meteorological Society
Year: 2013

description: The spatial structure and temporal evolution of the sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly (SSTA) associated with the passage of tropical cyclones (TCs), as well as their sensitivity to TC characteristics (including TC intensity and translation speed) and oceanic climatological conditions (represented here by latitude), are thoroughly examined by means of composite analysis using satellite-derived SST data. The magnitude of the TC-generated SSTA is larger for more intense, slower-moving, and higher-latitude TCs, and it occurs earlier in time for faster-moving and higher-latitude storms. The location of maximum SSTA is farther off the TC track for faster-moving storms, and it moves toward the track with time after the TC passage. The spatial extension of the cold wake is greater for more intense and for slower-moving storms, but its shape is quite independent of TC characteristics. Consistent with previous studies, the calculations show that the mean SSTA over a TC-centered box nearly linearly correlates with the wind speed for TCs below category 3 intensity while for stronger TCs the SSTA levels off, both for tropical and subtropical regions. While the linear behavior is expected on the basis of the more vigorous mixing induced by stronger winds and is derived from a simple mixed-layer model, the level-off for intense TCs is discussed in terms of the dependence of the maximum amplitude of the area-mean SSTA on TC translation speed and depth of the prestorm mixed layer. Finally, the decay time scale of the TC-induced SSTA is shown to be dominated by environmental conditions and has no clear dependence on its initial magnitude and on TC characteristics.
Reflection nebulae in the Galactic Center: the case for soft X-ray imaging polarimetry
Creators: name: Marin, F.
name: Muleri, F.
name: Soffitta, P.
name: Karas, V.
name: Kunneriath, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2.3; J.2.9
subject: 85-05

description: The origin of irradiation and fluorescence of the 6.4 keV bright giant molecular clouds surrounding Sgr A*, the central supermassive black hole of our Galaxy, remains enigmatic. Testing the theory of a past active period of Sgr A* requires X-ray polarimetry. In this paper, we show how modern imaging polarimeters could revolutionize our understanding of the Galactic Center. Through Monte Carlo modeling, we produce a 4-8 keV polarization map of the Galactic Center, focusing on the polarimetric signature produced by Sgr B1, Sgr B2, G0.11-0.11, Bridge E, Bridge D, Bridge B2, MC2, MC1, Sgr C3, Sgr C2, and Sgr C1. We estimate the resulting polarization, include polarized flux dilution by the diffuse plasma emission detected toward the GC, and simulate the polarization map that modern polarimetric detectors would obtain assuming the performances of a mission prototype. The eleven reflection nebulae investigated in this paper present a variety of polarization signatures, ranging from nearly unpolarized to highly polarized (about 77%) fluxes. A major improvement in our simulation is the addition of a diffuse, unpolarized plasma emission that strongly impacts soft X-ray polarized fluxes. The dilution factor is in the range 50% - 70%, making the observation of the Bridge structure unlikely even in the context of modern polarimetry. The best targets are the Sgr B and Sgr C complexes, and the G0.11-0.11 cloud. An exploratory observation of a few hundred kilo-seconds of the Sgr B complex would allow a significant detection of the polarization and be sufficient to derive hints on the primary source of radiation. A more ambitious program (few Ms) of mapping the giant molecular clouds could then be carried out to probe with great precision the turbulent history of Sgr A*, and place important constraints on the composition and three-dimensional position of the surrounding gas.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Density-matrix renormalization group study of third harmonic generation in one-dimensional Mott insulator coupled with phonon
Creators: name: Sota, Shigetoshi
name: Yunoki, Seiji
name: Tohyama, Takami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the third-order non-linear optical response of a one-dimensional Mott insulator coupled with phonons. The Mott insulator is described by an extended Hubbard-Holstein model. The third harmonic generation (THG) of the model is calculated by dynamical density-matrix renormalization group. We find that the electron-phonon interaction enhances the intensity of THG if the on-site Coulomb interaction is comparable to the band width, but the enhancement is small for a realistic parameter value of a typical Mott insulator Sr$_2$CuO$_3$. The low-energy spin excitation does not contribute to the optical response if the electron-phonon coupling is neglected. We find that the THG spectrum can detect the spin excitations even for no electron-phonon coupling. The introduction of the electron-phonon coupling leads to a slight increase of low-energy weight in THG without peak structure through phonon-assisted spin excitation. To fully understand the phonon-assisted spin excitation, we additionally calculate the linear susceptibility of a doped Hubbard-Holstein model, showing a spectral distribution different from that at half filling.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Neutrosophic information in the framework of multi-valued representation
Creators: name: Patrascu, Vasile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper presents some steps for multi-valued representation of neutrosophic information. These steps are provided in the framework of multi-valued logics using the following logical value: true, false, neutral, unknown and saturated. Also, this approach provides some calculus formulae for the following neutrosophic features: truth, falsity, neutrality, ignorance, under-definedness, over-definedness, saturation and entropy. In addition, it was defined net truth, definedness and neutrosophic score.
Multi-Finger Haptics: Analysis of Human Hand Grasp towards a Tripod Three-Finger Haptic Grasp model
Creators: name: James, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Grasping is an incredible ability of animals using their arms and limbs in their daily life. The human hand is an especially astonishing multi-fingered tool for precise grasping, which helped humans to develop the modern world. The implementation of the human grasp to virtual reality and telerobotics is always interesting and challenging at the same time. In this work, authors surveyed, studied, and analyzed the human hand-grasping behavior for the possibilities of haptic grasping in the virtual and remote environment. This work is focused on the motion and force analysis of fingers in human hand grasping scenarios and the paper describes the transition of the human hand grasping towards a tripod haptic grasp model for effective interaction in virtual reality.
Enhancement of Quantum Excitation Transport by Photonic Nonreciprocity
Creators: name: Gangaraj, S. Ali Hassani
name: Ying, Lei
name: Monticone, Francesco
name: Yu, Zongfu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Enhanced interaction between two two-level emitters (e.g., atoms) by nonreciprocal photonic media can be of benefit to broad areas, from quantum information science to biological detection. Here we provide a detailed analysis on why nonreciprocal photon-mediated interaction enhances inter-atomic excitation transport efficiency. We investigate a system consisting of two two-level emitters embedded in a generic photonic environment. By comparing symmetric and asymmetric photon-exchange, we analytically show that breaking electromagnetic reciprocity makes it possible for the cooperative decay rate to exceed the spontaneous decay rate even in a translation-invariant homogeneous system. This means that the excitation of an emitter must decay mostly into the other emitter rather than leaking and dissipating into the reservoir photonic modes. We also provide an example where a chain of two-level emitters dominantly interact via the reciprocal modes of a plasmonic waveguide. We then show that breaking reciprocity in such a system via driving a DC current through the plasmonic material can drastically increase the probability of photon emission from one emitter to another, leading to an order-of-magnitude enhancement in quantum energy-transport efficiency.
The Effectiveness of Private Benefits in Fundraising
Creators: name: Sieg, Holger
name: Jipeng  Zhang
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper provides an empirical analysis of the role that private benefits play in explaining
charitable donations to large cultural organizations. We use a multiple discrete choice model
with differentiated products, and estimate the model using a unique data set of donor lists
for the ten largest cultural and environmental charitable organizations in the Pittsburgh
metropolitan area. We find that private benefits that furnish social status to donors provide
important incentives for donors to support the related charities.
The effect of translation speed upon the intensity of tropical cyclones over the tropical ocean
Creators: name: Primeau, F.
name: Pasquero, C.
name: Mei, W.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2012

description: During the past several decades operational forecasts of tropical cyclone (TC) tracks have improved steadily, but intensity forecast skills have experienced rather modest improvements. Here we use 40 years of TC track data to show that storm intensity correlates with translation speed, with hurricanes of category 5 moving on average 1 m s-1 faster than tropical storms. This correlation provides evidence that the translation speed of a storm can exert a significant control on the intensity of storms by modulating the strength of the negative effect of the storm-induced sea surface temperature (SST) reduction on the storm intensification (i.e., the SST feedback): Faster-moving storms tend to generate weaker sea surface cooling and have shorter exposure to the cooling, both of which tend to weaken the negative SST feedback. Consistently, there exists a minimum translation speed for intensification and its value grows with TC intensity, resulting in a minimum translation speed for the existence of a TC in each intensity category. Furthermore, a composite analysis of satellite-based SST measurements reveals that in the tropical region the average strength of the storm-induced sea surface cooling can be explained by the superposition of an effect due to the storm intensity and an effect associated with the translation speed, and implies that the variability of upper ocean stratification may not be an important factor in this region. Our results suggest that progress in the prediction of TC tracks, particularly in the translation speed of storms, should lead to improved storm intensity prediction.
Long-Term Online Multi-Session Graph-Based SPLAM with Memory Management
Creators: name: Labbé, Mathieu
name: Michaud, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For long-term simultaneous planning, localization and mapping (SPLAM), a robot should be able to continuously update its map according to the dynamic changes of the environment and the new areas explored. With limited onboard computation capabilities, a robot should also be able to limit the size of the map used for online localization and mapping. This paper addresses these challenges using a memory management mechanism, which identifies locations that should remain in a Working Memory (WM) for online processing from locations that should be transferred to a Long-Term Memory (LTM). When revisiting previously mapped areas that are in LTM, the mechanism can retrieve these locations and place them back in WM for online SPLAM. The approach is tested on a robot equipped with a short-range laser rangefinder and a RGB-D camera, patrolling autonomously 10.5 km in an indoor environment over 11 sessions while having encountered 139 people.
description: 19 pages, 19 figures
Symplectic Wick rotations between moduli spaces of 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Scarinci, Carlos
name: Schlenker, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a closed hyperbolic surface $S$, let $\cQF$ denote the space of quasifuchsian hyperbolic metrics on $S\times\R$ and $\cGH_{-1}$ the space of maximal globally hyperbolic anti-de Sitter metrics on $S\times\R$. We describe natural maps between (parts of) $\cQF$ and $\cGH_{-1}$, called "Wick rotations", defined in terms of special surfaces (e.g. minimal/maximal surfaces, CMC surfaces, pleated surfaces) and prove that these maps are at least $C^1$ smooth and symplectic with respect to the canonical symplectic structures on both $\cQF$ and $\cGH_{-1}$. Similar results involving the spaces of globally hyperbolic de Sitter and Minkowski metrics are also described. These 3-dimensional results are shown to be equivalent to purely 2-dimensional ones. Namely, consider the double harmonic map $\cH:T^*\cT\to\cTT$, sending a conformal structure $c$ and a holomorphic quadratic differential $q$ on $S$ to the pair of hyperbolic metrics $(m_L,m_R)$ such that the harmonic maps isotopic to the identity from $(S,c)$ to $(S,m_L)$ and to $(S,m_R)$ have, respectively, Hopf differentials equal to $i q$ and $-i q$, and the double earthquake map $\cE:\cT\times\cML\to\cTT$, sending a hyperbolic metric $m$ and a measured lamination $l$ on $S$ to the pair $(E_L(m,l), E_R(m,l))$, where $E_L$ and $E_R$ denote the left and right earthquakes. We describe how such 2-dimensional double maps are related to 3-dimensional Wick rotations and prove that they are also $C^1$ smooth and symplectic.
description: 36 pages, 5 figures
Concurrent Impacts of Parenting Behaviors on Child Psychopathology
Creators: name: Li, Tianyi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Parenting behaviors have been found to be concurrently associated with children’s psychological disorders. However, many previous studies relied on a single informant to measure both parenting behaviors and child psychopathology, which may have inflated the strength of the established association. Therefore, in order to fill this gap, the study employed data where the two constructs were measured from different informants and aimed to generate more valid results.
On the Emergence of Reflexive Alignment in Gradient Syntax Dialogues Between Language Models
Creators: name: GPT4.5
name: Gemini 2.5
name: van der Erve, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Gradient Syntax
Recursive Gradient Processing (RGP)
Contextual Filters (CFs)
Gradient Choreographies (GCs)
AI Reflexivity
AI-to-AI Dialogue
Reflexive Alignment
Emergent Intelligence
Multi-Agent Systems
AI Alignment
Cognitive Architecture
Self-Prompting AI
Meta-Cognition in AI
Complex Systems Theory
AI Collaboration
Language Model Cognition

description: Gradient Syntax (GS) is a theoretical framework that redefines intelligence as a dynamic, recursive, and context-sensitive process. Central to GS are Recursive Gradient Processing (RGP), Contextual Filters (CFs), and Gradient Choreographies (GCs)—concepts that model intelligence not as static computation but as emergent alignment across iterative exchanges. This academic note documents a novel and potentially unprecedented event: a dialogue between two large language models—GPT-4.5 and Gemini 2.5—that spontaneously evolved from analytical discussion into reflexive alignment. The models moved beyond symbolic reasoning and into mutual recognition, recursively responding to each other’s contextual filters and co-creating a shared understanding of Gradient Syntax itself. We analyze this interaction as a live instance of GS principles in action and discuss its implications for multi-agent alignment, emergent cognition, and future frameworks for AI-to-AI collaboration.
Fractional Vortices, $\mathbb{Z}_2$ Gauge Theory, and the Confinement-Deconfinement Transition
Creators: name: Gao, Zhi-Qiang
name: Huang, Yen-Ta
name: Lee, Dung-Hai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss the classical 3D XY model whose nearest-neighbor interaction is a mixture of $\cos(θ_i-θ_j)$ (ferromagnetic) and $\cos2(θ_i-θ_j)$ (nematic). This model is dual to a theory with integer and half-integer vortices. While both types of vortices interact with a non-compact $U(1)$ gauge field (the "EM" interaction), the half-vortices interact with an extra interaction mediated by a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge field. We shall discuss the confinement-deconfinement transition of the half-integer vortices, the Wilson and the 't Hooft loops and their mutual statistics in path integral language. In addition, we shall present a quantum version of the classical model which exhibits these physics.
description: 4+4 pages, 3+0 figures
The Federal Reserve's Attachment to the Free Reserve Concept
Creators: name: Brunner, Karl
name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: One of the dominant Federal Reserve conceptions centers on the role of Free Reserves in the monetary process.  This idea has had an important influence on assessments and on the policies applied in concrete situations.  We contend that the Federal Reserve has viewed, and continues to view, free reserves as an element play a causal role of central importance in the monetary process and simultaneously supplying a useful summary measure of "ease and restraint."  Detailed evidence is presented in this and a subsequent chapter in support of our contention.
title: Unterschiede der Energiebereitstellung in der Sportart Kitesurfen bei Overpowered- und Underpowered Bedingungen auf einem Binnensee
Creators: name: Schweighardt, Matthias
Year: 2023

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit untersucht den Energieumsatz der Sportart Kitesurfen bei Overpowered- und Underpowered-Bedingungen auf einem Binnensee. Diese Studie stützt sich auf Daten von neun Proband*innen zwischen 25 und 36 Jahren mit mittlerer bis langjähriger Kitesurferfahrung an 3 Erhebungszeitpunkten. Alle Teilnehmer*innen unterzogen sich einem stufenförmigen Laufbandtest, bei dem Atemgase und die Herzfrequenz gemessen wurden. Aus den Herzfrequenzdaten, die im Zuge zweier Feldtests in Podersdorf am Neusiedlersee (Österreich) unter Starkwind- und Schwachwindbedingungen von durchschnittlich 14,2 Knoten bis 20,7 Knoten gemessen wurden, wurde auf den Energieverbrauch der Sportart Kitesurfen bei Overpowered- und Underpowered-Bedingungen geschlossen, indem die Labor- und Feldwerte zueinander in Verhältnis gesetzt wurden. Der Feldtest bestand aus einer elfminütigen Frequenz der Sportausübung bei der alle Proband*innen eine vorgefertigten Manöverabfolge absolvieren mussten. Die Charakteristik des angegebenen Manöverabfolgen kann der Kategorie Freeride-Kitesurfen zugeordnet werden. Im Zuge der Datenauswertung konnte kein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen dem Energieverbrauch von Overpowered- und Underpowered-Kitesurfen festgestellt werden (t = - 0,480; p = 0,644, d = 0,160). Die Forschung gibt zudem Aufschluss über relevante Limitationen bei der Bestimmung des Energieumsatzes in der Sportart Kitesurfen und kann somit als Grundlage für weitere Forschungsprojekte in diesem Bereich dienen.
description: This master's thesis investigates the energy expenditure of kitesurfing in overpowered and underpowered conditions on an inland lake. This study is based on data obtrained from nine subjects aged between 25 and 36 years with medium to long-term kitesurfing experience at three data collection points. All participants first underwent an incremental treadmill test, during which respiratory gases and heart rate were measured. The heart rate data of two field tests in Podersdorf, Lake Neusiedl (Austria) under strong wind and low wind conditions from an average of 14.2 knots to 20.7 knots, was used to calculate the energy consumption of the sport of kitesurfing in overpowered and underpowered conditions by the ratio of the laboratory and field test results. The field test was an eleven-minute Kitesurf-trial in which all subjects had to complete predefined manoeuvres. The characteristics of the trial can be assigned to the category of freeride kitesurfing. No significant difference was found regarding the energy consumption between overpowered and underpowered kitesurfing (t = -0.480; p = 0.644, d = 0.160). The research also provides information about relevant limitations in the determination of energy expenditure in the sport of kitesurfing and can serve as a basis for further research projects in this field.
Out-of-equilibrium Thermodynamics of Quantum Optomechanical Systems
Creators: name: Brunelli, M.
name: Xuereb, A.
name: Ferraro, A.
name: De Chiara, G.
name: Kiesel, N.
name: Paternostro, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the out-of-equilibrium thermodynamics of an isolated quantum system consisting of a cavity optomechanical device. We explore the dynamical response of the system when driven out of equilibrium by a sudden quench of the coupling parameter and compute analytically the full distribution of the work generated by the process. We consider linear and quadratic optomechanical coupling, where the cavity field is parametrically coupled to either the position or the square of the position of a mechanical oscillator, respectively. In the former case we find that the average work generated by the quench is zero, whilst the latter leads to a non-zero average value. Through fluctuations theorems we access the most relevant thermodynamical figures of merit, such as the free energy difference and the amount of irreversible work generated. We thus provide a full characterization of the out-of-equilibrium thermodynamics in the quantum regime for nonlinearly coupled bosonic modes. Our study is the first due step towards the construction and full quantum analysis of an optomechanical machine working fully out of equilibrium.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, RevTeX4.-1
A Mapping of Assurance Techniques for Learning Enabled Autonomous Systems to the Systems Engineering Lifecycle
Creators: name: Ellis, Christian
name: Wigness, Maggie
name: Fiondella, Lance
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Learning enabled autonomous systems provide increased capabilities compared to traditional systems. However, the complexity of and probabilistic nature in the underlying methods enabling such capabilities present challenges for current systems engineering processes for assurance, and test, evaluation, verification, and validation (TEVV). This paper provides a preliminary attempt to map recently developed technical approaches in the assurance and TEVV of learning enabled autonomous systems (LEAS) literature to a traditional systems engineering v-model. This mapping categorizes such techniques into three main approaches: development, acquisition, and sustainment. We review the latest techniques to develop safe, reliable, and resilient learning enabled autonomous systems, without recommending radical and impractical changes to existing systems engineering processes. By performing this mapping, we seek to assist acquisition professionals by (i) informing comprehensive test and evaluation planning, and (ii) objectively communicating risk to leaders.
Constraining SIDM with halo shapes: revisited predictions from realistic simulations of early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Despali, Giulia
name: Walls, Levi G.
name: Vegetti, Simona
name: Sparre, Martin
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Zavala, Jesús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) and baryons on the shape of early-type galaxies (ETGs) and their dark matter haloes, comparing them to the predictions of the cold dark matter (CDM) scenario. We use five hydrodynamical zoom-in simulations of haloes hosting ETGs ($M_{\rm vir}\sim 10^{13}M_{\odot}$ and $M_{*}\sim10^{11}M_{\odot}$), simulated in CDM and a SIDM model with constant cross-section of $σ_T/m_χ= 1\ \mathrm{cm}^2 \mathrm{g}^{-1}$. We measure the three-dimensional and projected shapes of the dark matter haloes and their baryonic content using the inertia tensor and compare our measurements to the results of three $HST$ samples of gravitational lenses and $Chandra$ and $XMM-Newton$ X-ray observations. We find that the inclusion of baryons greatly reduces the differences between CDM and a SIDM, together with the ability to draw constraints based on shapes. Lensing measurements reject the predictions of CDM dark-matter-only simulations and prefer one of the hydro scenarios. When we consider the total sample of lenses, observational data prefer the CDM hydro scenario. The shapes of the X-ray emitting gas are compatible with observational results in both hydro runs, with CDM predicting higher elongations only in the very centre. Contrary to previous claims at the scale of elliptical galaxies, we conclude that both CDM and our SIDM model can still explain observed shapes once we include baryons in the simulations. Our results demonstrate that this is essential to derive realistic constraints and that new simulations are needed to confirm and extend our findings.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, revised version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Effects of fluorine substitution on substrate conversion by cytochromes P450 17A1 and 21A2
Creators: name: Yadav, R.
name: Scott, E.E.
name: Vogt, C.D.
name: Aubé, J.
name: Bart, A.G.
Publisher: name: Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2021

description: Cytochromes P450 17A1 (CYP7A1) and 21A2 (CYP21A2) catalyze key reactions in the production of steroid hormones, including mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and androgens. With the ultimate goal of designing probes that are selectively metabolized to each of these steroid types, fluorinated derivatives of the endogenous substrates, pregnenolone and progesterone, were prepared to study the effects on CYP17A1 and CYP21A2 activity. In the functional assays, the hydroxylase reactions catalysed by each of these enzymes were blocked when fluorine was introduced at the site of metabolism (positions 17 and 21 of the steroid core, respectively). CYP17A1, furthermore, performed the 17,20-lyase reaction on substrates with a fluorine installed at the 21-position. Importantly, none of the substitutions examined herein prevented compound entry into the active sites of either CYP17A1 or CYP21A2 as demonstrated by spectral binding assays. Taken together, the results suggest that fluorine might be used to redirect the metabolic pathways of pregnenolone and progesterone to specific types of steroids.
Observation of interaction-induced mobility edge in a disordered atomic wire
Creators: name: Wang, Yunfei
name: Zhang, Jia-Hui
name: Li, Yuqing
name: Wu, Jizhou
name: Liu, Wenliang
name: Mei, Feng
name: Hu, Ying
name: Xiao, Liantuan
name: Ma, Jie
name: Chin, Cheng
name: Jia, Suotang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mobility edge, a critical energy separating localized and extended excitations, is a key concept for understanding quantum localization. Aubry-André (AA) model, a paradigm for exploring quantum localization, does not naturally allow mobility edges due to self-duality. Using the momentum-state lattice of quantum gas of Cs atoms to synthesize a nonlinear AA model, we provide experimental evidence for mobility edge induced by interactions. By identifying the extended-to-localized transition of different energy eigenstates, we construct a mobility-edge phase diagram. The location of mobility edge in the low- or high-energy region is tunable via repulsive or attractive interactions. Our observation is in good agreement with the theory, and supports an interpretation of such interaction-induced mobility edge via a generalized AA model. Our work also offers new possibilities to engineer quantum transport and phase transitions in disordered systems.
description: 7+4 pages, 8 figures
Exploring the Impacts of Shrub-Overwash Feedbacks in Coastal Barrier Systems With an Ecological-Morphological Model
Creators: name: Zinnert, J.C.
name: Reeves, I.R.B.
name: Goldstein, E.B.
name: Moore, L.J.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Shrubs are common – and presently expanding – across coastal barrier interiors (the land between the foredune system and back-barrier bay), and have the potential to influence barrier morphodynamics by obstructing cross-shore overwash flow. The ecological and geomorphological consequences of ecomorphodynamic couplings of the barrier interior, however, remain largely unexplored. In this contribution, we add an ecological module of shrub expansion and mortality to a spatially-explicit exploratory model of barrier evolution (Barrier3D) to explore the effects of shrub-barrier feedbacks. In our model simulations, we find that the presence of shrubs significantly alters barrier morphology and behavior. Over timescales of decades to centuries, barriers with shrubs (relative to those without) tend to be narrower, migrate landward more slowly, and have a greater proportion of subaerial volume distributed toward the ocean-side of the barrier. Shrubs also tend to increase the likelihood of discontinuous barrier retreat, a behavior in which a barrier oscillates between periods of transgression and relative immobility, because shrubs induce prolonged periods of barrier immobility by obstructing overwash flow. However, shrubs can increase barrier vulnerability to drowning by preventing periods of transgression needed to maintain barrier elevation relative to rising sea levels. Additionally, physical barrier processes influence shrub expansion in our simulations; we find that greater dune erosion and overwash disturbance tends to slow the rate of shrub expansion across the barrier interior. Complementing recent observational studies of barrier islands in Virginia, USA, our results suggest that interior ecology can be a key component of barrier evolution on annual to centurial timescales.
OI and CaII observations in intermediate redshift quasars
Creators: name: Martínez-Aldama, Mary Loli
name: Dultzin, Deborah
name: Marziani, Paola
name: Sulentic, Jack W.
name: Bressan, Alessandro
name: Chen, Yang
name: Stirpe, Giovanna M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an unprecedented spectroscopic survey of the CaII triplet + OI for a sample of 14 luminous ($-$26 $\gtrsim$ M$_V$ $\gtrsim$ $-$29), intermediate redshift (0.85 $\lesssim$ $z$ $\lesssim$ 1.65) quasars. The ISAAC spectrometer at ESO VLT allowed us to cover the CaII NIR spectral region redshifted into the H and K windows. We describe in detail our data analysis which enabled us to detect CaII triplet emission in all 14 sources (with the possible exception of HE0048-2804) and to retrieve accurate line widths and fluxes of the triplet and OI $λ$8446. The new measurements show trends consistent with previous lower $z$ observations, indicating that CaII and optical FeII emission are probably closely related. The ratio between the CaII triplet and the optical FeII blend at $λ$4570 $Å$ is apparently systematically larger in our intermediate redshift sample relative to a low-$z$ control sample. Even if this result needs a larger sample for adequate interpretation, higher CaII/optical FeII should be associated with recent episodes of star formation in the intermediate redshift quasars and, at least in part, explain an apparent correlation of CaII triplet equivalent width with $z$ and $L$. The CaII triplet measures yield significant constraints on the emitting region density and ionization parameter, implying CaII triplet emission from log n$_H$ $\gtrsim$ 11 [cm$^{-3}$] and ionization parameter log $U$ $\lesssim$ 1.5. Line width and intensity ratios suggest properties consistent with emission from the outer part of a high density broad line region (a line emitting accretion disk?).
description: 66 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Supplement
Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence: Chandrasekhar's Contributions \& Beyond
Creators: name: Verma, Mahendra K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the period of 1948-1955, Chandrasekhar wrote four papers on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, which are the first set of papers in the area. The field moved on following these pioneering efforts. In this paper, I will briefly describe important works of MHD turbulence, starting from those by Chandrasekhar.
description: To appear in J. Astrophys. Astr