cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Spatiotemporal Study and Location-Specific Trip Pattern Categorization of Shared E-Scooter Usage
Creators: name: Heumann, Maximilian
name: Kraschewski, Tobias
name: Brauner, Tim
name: Tilch, Lukas
name: Breitner, Michael H.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: e-scooter
subject: micro-mobility
subject: shared-mobility
subject: land use analysis
subject: spatiotemporal analysis
subject: spatial allocation
subject: HDBSCAN
subject: big data
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft::333 | Boden- und Energiewirtschaft::333,7 | Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie und Umwelt
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::690 | Hausbau, Bauhandwerk

description: This study analyzes the temporally resolved location and trip data of shared e-scooters over nine months in Berlin from one of Europe’s most widespread operators. We apply time, distance, and energy consumption filters on approximately 1.25 million trips for outlier detection and trip categorization. Using temporally and spatially resolved trip pattern analyses, we investigate how the built environment and land use affect e-scooter trips. Further, we apply a density-based clustering algorithm to examine point of interest-specific patterns in trip generation. Our results suggest that e-scooter usage has point of interest related characteristics. Temporal peaks in e-scooter usage differ by point of interest category and indicate work-related trips at public transport stations. We prove these characteristic patterns with the statistical metric of cosine similarity. Considering average cluster velocities, we observe limited time-saving potential of e-scooter trips in congested areas near the city center.
Quantitatively Measuring and Contrastively Exploring Heterogeneity for Domain Generalization
Creators: name: Tong, Yunze
name: Yuan, Junkun
name: Zhang, Min
name: Zhu, Didi
name: Zhang, Keli
name: Wu, Fei
name: Kuang, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Domain generalization (DG) is a prevalent problem in real-world applications, which aims to train well-generalized models for unseen target domains by utilizing several source domains. Since domain labels, i.e., which domain each data point is sampled from, naturally exist, most DG algorithms treat them as a kind of supervision information to improve the generalization performance. However, the original domain labels may not be the optimal supervision signal due to the lack of domain heterogeneity, i.e., the diversity among domains. For example, a sample in one domain may be closer to another domain, its original label thus can be the noise to disturb the generalization learning. Although some methods try to solve it by re-dividing domains and applying the newly generated dividing pattern, the pattern they choose may not be the most heterogeneous due to the lack of the metric for heterogeneity. In this paper, we point out that domain heterogeneity mainly lies in variant features under the invariant learning framework. With contrastive learning, we propose a learning potential-guided metric for domain heterogeneity by promoting learning variant features. Then we notice the differences between seeking variance-based heterogeneity and training invariance-based generalizable model. We thus propose a novel method called Heterogeneity-based Two-stage Contrastive Learning (HTCL) for the DG task. In the first stage, we generate the most heterogeneous dividing pattern with our contrastive metric. In the second stage, we employ an invariance-aimed contrastive learning by re-building pairs with the stable relation hinted by domains and classes, which better utilizes generated domain labels for generalization learning. Extensive experiments show HTCL better digs heterogeneity and yields great generalization performance.
description: This paper has been accepted by KDD 2023
Radiosensitivity of rhesus nonhuman primates: consideration of sex, supportive care, body weight, and age at time of exposure
Creators: name: Singh, Vijay K.
name: Carpenter, Alana D.
name: Janocha, Brianna L.
name: Petrus, Sarah A.
name: Fatanmi, Oluseyi O.
name: Wise, Stephen Y.
name: Seed, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Animal models are vital for the development of radiation medical countermeasures for the prophylaxis or treatment of acute radiation syndrome and for the delayed effects of acute radiation exposure. Nonhuman primates (NHPs) play an important role in the regulatory approval of such agents by the United States Food and Drug Administration following the Animal Rule. Reliance on such animal models requires that such models are well characterized. Data gathered from both male and female animals under the same conditions and gathered concurrently are limited; therefore, the authors compared and contrasted here the radiosensitivity of both male and female NHPs provided different levels of clinical support over a range of acute, total-body gamma irradiation, as well as the influence of age and body weight. Under matched experimental conditions, the authors observed only marginal, but clearly evident differences between acutely irradiated male and female NHPs relative to the measured response endpoints (rates of survival, blood cell changes, and cytokine fluctuations). These differences appeared to be accentuated by the level of exposure as well as by the nature of clinical support. Additional studies with both sexes under various experimental conditions and different radiation qualities run concurrently are needed.
Aharonov-Bohm quantum rings in high-Q microcavities
Creators: name: Alexeev, A. M.
name: Shelykh, I. A.
name: Portnoi, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A single-mode microcavity with an embedded Aharonov-Bohm quantum ring, which is pierced by a magnetic flux and subjected to a lateral electric field, is studied theoretically. It is shown that external electric and magnetic fields provide additional means of control of the emission spectrum of the system. In particular, when the magnetic flux through the quantum ring is equal to a half-integer number of the magnetic flux quantum, a small change in the lateral electric field allows tuning of the energy levels of the quantum ring into resonance with the microcavity mode providing an efficient way to control the quantum ring-microcavity coupling strength. Emission spectra of the system are calculated for several combinations of the applied magnetic and electric fields.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Conceptualising the demand for ecosystem services – an adapted spatial-structural approach
Creators: name: Dworczyk, Claudia
name: Burkhard, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Sofia, Bulgaria : Pensoft
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: service providing area
subject: service benefitting area
subject: service demanding area
subject: service connecting area
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::624 | Ingenieurbau und Umwelttechnik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: People require multiple ecosystem services (ES) to meet their basic needs and improve or maintain their quality of life. In order to meet these needs, natural resources are exploited, threatening biodiversity and increasing the pressure on the Earth's ecosystems. Spatial-structural approaches are used to explain and visualise the spatial relationships and connections between areas that provide and benefit from ES. However, areas where the demand for these ES occurs are rarely considered in existing spatial approaches or equated with areas where people can use the benefits. In order to highlight the differences between these two areas, we would like to introduce the 'Service Demanding Area' (SDA) in an adapted spatial-structural approach. This approach relates SDA to already familiar ES provision and use units, namely Service Providing Areas (SPA), Service Connecting Areas (SCA) and Service Benefitting Areas (SBA) and can be used to schematically illustrate, understand and analyse the different forms of demand that can emerge. A literature review was conducted to provide an overview of the spatial mapping of ES demand. Three issues arose that should be addressed to improve the assessment of ES demand: 1) The term ES demand is not used consistently. To avoid confusion, it is important to clarify how ES demand is understood and how it differs from the other components of the ES concept (e.g. ES supply, ES potential, ES flow); 2) It is important to consider that ES demand is multi-faceted and is generated on different geographical scales, including the full range of stakeholders' perceptions, needs and desires which broadens the picture of societal demand for ES; 3) Meaningful interpretations between ES supply and demand need to be available to inform decision-makers about interventions for reducing ES trade-offs and mismatches.
Ophrys muscifera Hudson
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: O. muscifera Hudson Cat. 339. l: Collombey, 390m, ein Exemplar (Defago 1939); Verolliey (Marietan); Bois Noir (Garns); Evionnaz (Marietan); Jorat d'enbas (F.); La Giete ob Alesse (Garns). - 2:Neimiaz ob Chamoson, 850m (Mme Wawre); Tal der Lizerne, linkes Ufer (Marietan); Tal der Marge, gegen Ancier und höher,sowie beim Maiensäss Tzet, gegen 1200m (idem); PräBaconobDräne,1090m (Villaret und Ruegger); «zwischen Sitten und Ayent», ein Exemplar (Pannatier); Mayens d'Ayent, etwa 1450m (Wilfe);unter Icogne(Wilczek).- 3:Oberhalb der Strasse Orsieres-Champex beim«Trou du Diable», etwa 1390m (Kleiner); am Catogne neuerdings: Bisse Lombard (K. Freudenberg); oberhalb Le Planard östlich Chemin (Closuit); oberhalb La Gite bei Charrat, etwa 700m (F.).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Optically controlling the competition between spin flips and intersite spin transfer in a Heusler half-metal on sub-100 fs timescales
Creators: name: Ryan, Sinéad A.
name: Johnsen, Peter C.
name: Elhanoty, Mohamed F.
name: Grafov, Anya
name: Li, Na
name: Delin, Anna
name: Markou, Anastasios
name: Lesne, Edouard
name: Felser, Claudia
name: Eriksson, Olle
name: Kapteyn, Henry C.
name: Grånäs, Oscar
name: Murnane, Margaret M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct manipulation of spins via light may provide a path toward ultrafast energy-efficient devices. However, distinguishing the microscopic processes that can occur during ultrafast laser excitation in magnetic alloys is challenging. Here, we study the Heusler compound Co2MnGa, a material that exhibits very strong light-induced spin transfers across the entire M-edge. By combining the element-specificity of extreme ultraviolet high harmonic probes with time-dependent density functional theory, we disentangle the competition between three ultrafast light-induced processes that occur in Co2MnGa: same-site Co-Co spin transfer, intersite Co-Mn spin transfer, and ultrafast spin-flips mediated by spin-orbit coupling. By measuring the dynamic magnetic asymmetry across the entire M-edges of the two magnetic sublattices involved, we uncover the relative dominance of these processes at different probe energy regions and times during the laser pulse. Our combined approach enables a comprehensive microscopic interpretation of laser-induced magnetization dynamics on timescales shorter than 100 fs.
description: 31 pages, 12 figures
title: Влияние синтетических аналогов индолицидина на морфологические изменения при остром пародонтите
Creators: name: Кутепов, Игорь
name: Ляшев, Юрий
name: Дергунов, Анатолий
name: Артюшкова, Елена
name: Ляшев, Андрей
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: Исследовано влияние синтетических аналогов №7 и №8 природного антимикробного пептида индолицидина на развитие острого пародонтита у крыс. Пародонтит моделировали по методу, предложенному А.И.Воложиным и С.И.Виноградовой (1990), наложением шелковой нити на нижние резцы на 14 суток. Исследуемые пептиды вводили внутрибрюшинно ежедневно в течение 7 дней после моделирования пародонтита в дозе 500 мкг/кг. Животных выводили из эксперимента на 7, 14 и 21 сутки эксперимента. Установлено, что аналоги индолицидина оказывают корригирующее действие при пародонтите, что проявляется снижением пародонтального индекса кровоточивости борозды, показателя пробы Шиллера—Писарева, количества десневой жидкости на 21 сутки после моделирования острого пародонтита.
Ab initio derivation of Hubbard models for cold atoms in optical lattices
Creators: name: Walters, R.
name: Cotugno, G.
name: Johnson, T. H.
name: Clark, S. R.
name: Jaksch, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V80

description: We derive ab initio local Hubbard models for several optical lattice potentials of current interest, including the honeycomb and Kagomé lattices, verifying their accuracy on each occasion by comparing the interpolated band structures against the originals. To achieve this, we calculate the maximally-localized generalized Wannier basis by implementing the steepest-descent algorithm of Marzari and Vanderbilt [N. Marzari and D. Vanderbilt, Phys. Rev. B 56, 12847 (1997)] directly in one and two dimensions. To avoid local minima we develop an initialization procedure that is both robust and requires no prior knowledge of the optimal Wannier basis. The MATLAB code that implements our full procedure is freely available online at http://ccpforge.cse.rl.ac.uk/gf/project/mlgws/.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures
Lückenlose Sicherheit für Gleisanlagen und Bauwerke – permanente Gleisüberwachung mittels Sensortechnologie
Creators: name: Heiniger, Thomas
name: Kramer, Jörg
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: TrackControl
subject: Gleissensoren
subject: Gleisüberwachung
subject: Gleismonitoring
subject: Gleislagenkontrolle
subject: Sicherheit Bahnanlagen
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::380 | Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::624 | Ingenieurbau und Umwelttechnik

description: Anhand der beiden Projekte "ABS Karlsruhe-Basel, Tunnel Rastatt" und "Pressrohrvortrieb Bahnhof Ingolstadt" wird der Einsatz von neuer Sensortechnologie für Gleisüberwachungen vorgestellt. Dabei liefert das System "Amberg TrackControl" im Minutentakt zuverlässig Resultate zu Überhöhungen, Verwindungen, vertikalen Pfeilhöhen und Setzungsmulden. Der Tunnel Rastatt unterquert die bestehende Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrecke der DB in einem flachen Winkel auf einer Länge von ca. 500 m. Um die Sicherheit des laufenden Betriebs zu gewährleisten, forderte die DB neben der geodätischen Überwachung ein zweites, redundantes System, welches in der nebelreichen Region unabhängig von der Witterung zuverlässig arbeitet und alarmiert. Unter dem Gleisfeld mit 29 Gleisen im Bahnhof Ingolstadt wurde ein Kanalisationsstollen mittels Pressrohrvortrieb für die Stadtwerke Ingolstadt gebaut. Der Rangierbahnhof ist der Hauptverladepunkt für die neuen Autos von Audi und ein reibungsloser Betrieb der Bahnanlage während den Vortriebsarbeiten war zwingend zu gewährleisten.Anhand der beiden Projekte "ABS Karlsruhe-Basel, Tunnel Rastatt" und "Pressrohrvortrieb Bahnhof Ingolstadt" wird der Einsatz von neuer Sensortechnologie für Gleisüberwachungen vorgestellt. Dabei liefert das System "Amberg TrackControl" im Minutentakt zuverlässig Resultate zu Überhöhungen, Verwindungen, vertikalen Pfeilhöhen und Setzungsmulden. Der Tunnel Rastatt unterquert die bestehende Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrecke der DB in einem flachen Winkel auf einer Länge von ca. 500 m. Um die Sicherheit des laufenden Betriebs zu gewährleisten, forderte die DB neben der geodätischen Überwachung ein zweites, redundantes System, welches in der nebelreichen Region unabhängig von der Witterung zuverlässig arbeitet und alarmiert. Unter dem Gleisfeld mit 29 Gleisen im Bahnhof Ingolstadt wurde ein Kanalisationsstollen mittels Pressrohrvortrieb für die Stadtwerke Ingolstadt gebaut. Der Rangierbahnhof ist der Hauptverladepunkt für die neuen Autos von Audi und ein reibungsloser Betrieb der Bahnanlage während den Vortriebsarbeiten war zwingend zu gewährleisten.
Propeller outflows from an MRI disc
Creators: name: Lii, Patrick S
name: Romanova, Marina M.
name: Ustyugova, Galina V.
name: Koldoba, Alexander V.
name: Lovelace, Richard V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of axisymmetric simulations of MRI-driven accretion onto a rapidly rotating, magnetized star accreting in the propeller regime. The stellar magnetosphere corotates with the star, forming a centrifugal barrier at the disc-magnetosphere boundary which inhibits matter accretion onto the star. Instead, the disc matter accumulates at the disc-magnetosphere interface and slowly diffuses into the inner magnetosphere where it picks up angular momentum and is quickly ejected from the system as an outflow. Due to the interaction of the matter with the magnetosphere, this wind is discontinuous and is launched as discrete plasmoids. If the ejection rate is lower than the disc accretion rate, the matter accumulates at the disc-magnetosphere boundary faster than it can be ejected. In this case, accretion onto the star proceeds through the episodic accretion instability in which episodes of matter accumulation are followed by simultaneous accretion and ejection. During the accretion phase of this instability in which matter flows onto the star in funnel streams, we observe a corresponding rise in the outflow rate. Both the accretion and ejection processes observed in our simulations are highly non-stationary. The stars undergo strong spin-down due to the coupling of the stellar field with the disc and corona and we measure the spin-down timescales of around 1 Myr for a typical CTTS in the propeller regime.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Proteome adaptations in Ethe1-deficient mice indicate a role in lipid catabolism and cytoskeleton organization via post-translational protein modifications
Creators: name: Hildebrandt, Tatjana M.
name: Di Meo, Ivano
name: Zeviani, Massimo
name: Viscomi, Carlo
name: Braun, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: London : Portland Press LTD
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: branched-chain amino acid oxidation
subject: ethylmalonic encephalopathy
subject: hydrogen sulfide
subject: mitochondria
subject: redox regulation
subject: sulfur dioxygenase
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Hydrogen sulfide is a physiologically relevant signalling molecule. However, circulating levels of this highly biologically active substance have to be maintained within tightly controlled limits in order to avoid toxic side effects. In patients suffering from EE (ethylmalonic encephalopathy), a block in sulfide oxidation at the level of the SDO (sulfur dioxygenase) ETHE1 leads to severe dysfunctions in microcirculation and cellular energy metabolism. We used an Ethe1-deficient mouse model to investigate the effect of increased sulfide and persulfide concentrations on liver, kidney, muscle and brain proteomes. Major disturbances in post-translational protein modifications indicate that the mitochondrial sulfide oxidation pathway could have a crucial function during sulfide signalling most probably via the regulation of cysteine S-modifications. Our results confirm the involvement of sulfide in redox regulation and cytoskeleton dynamics. In addition, they suggest that sulfide signalling specifically regulates mitochondrial catabolism of FAs (fatty acids) and BCAAs (branched-chain amino acids). These findings are particularly relevant in the context of EE since they may explain major symptoms of the disease.
Pedestrian detection with high-resolution event camera
Creators: name: Wzorek, Piotr
name: Kryjak, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Despite the dynamic development of computer vision algorithms, the implementation of perception and control systems for autonomous vehicles such as drones and self-driving cars still poses many challenges. A video stream captured by traditional cameras is often prone to problems such as motion blur or degraded image quality due to challenging lighting conditions. In addition, the frame rate - typically 30 or 60 frames per second - can be a limiting factor in certain scenarios. Event cameras (DVS -- Dynamic Vision Sensor) are a potentially interesting technology to address the above mentioned problems. In this paper, we compare two methods of processing event data by means of deep learning for the task of pedestrian detection. We used a representation in the form of video frames, convolutional neural networks and asynchronous sparse convolutional neural networks. The results obtained illustrate the potential of event cameras and allow the evaluation of the accuracy and efficiency of the methods used for high-resolution (1280 x 720 pixels) footage.
description: Accepted for the PP-RAI'2023 - 4th Polish Conference on Artificial Intelligence
The ATLAS 3D project - XVI. Physical parameters and spectral line energy distributions of the molecular gas in gas-rich early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Bayet, Estelle
name: Bureau, Martin
name: Davis, Timothy A.
name: Young, Lisa M.
name: Crocker, Alison F.
name: Alatalo, Katherine
name: Blitz, Leo
name: Bois, Maxime
name: Bournaud, Frédéric
name: Cappellari, Michele
name: Davies, Roger L.
name: de Zeeuw, P. T.
name: Duc, Pierre-Alain
name: Emsellem, Eric
name: Khochfar, Sadegh
name: Krajnović, Davor
name: Kuntschner, Harald
name: McDermid, Richard M.
name: Morganti, Raffaella
name: Naab, Thorsten
name: Oosterloo, Tom
name: Sarzi, Marc
name: Scott, Nicholas
name: Serra, Paolo
name: Weijmans, Anne-Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] We present a detailed study of the physical properties of the molecular gas in a sample of 18 molecular gas-rich early-type galaxies (ETGs) from the ATLAS$ 3D sample. Our goal is to better understand the star formation processes occurring in those galaxies, starting here with the dense star-forming gas. We use existing integrated $^{12}$CO(1-0, 2-1), $^{13}$CO(1-0, 2-1), HCN(1-0) and HCO$^{+}$(1-0) observations and present new $^{12}$CO(3-2) single-dish data. From these, we derive for the first time the average kinetic temperature, H$_{2}$ volume density and column density of the emitting gas, this using a non-LTE theoretical model. Since the CO lines trace different physical conditions than of those the HCN and HCO$^{+}$ lines, the two sets of lines are treated separately. We also compare for the first time the predicted CO spectral line energy distributions (SLEDs) and gas properties of our molecular gas-rich ETGs with those of a sample of nearby well-studied disc galaxies. The gas excitation conditions in 13 of our 18 ETGs appear analogous to those in the centre of the Milky Way. Such results have never been obtained before for ETGs and open a new window to explore further star-formation processes in the Universe. The conclusions drawn should nevertheless be considered carefully, as they are based on a limited number of observations and on a simple model. In the near future, with higher CO transition observations, it should be possible to better identify the various gas components present in ETGs, as well as more precisely determine their associated physical conditions. To achieve these goals, we show here from our theoretical study, that mid-J CO lines (such as the $^{12}$CO(6-5) line) are particularly useful.
description: 28 pages, Accepted in MNRAS, 7 figures, 6 tables
Contribution of the Electron-Phonon Coupling to the Pairing Interaction in LiFeAs
Creators: name: Jishi, R. A.
name: Scalapino, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling strengths for intra- and inter-band electron-phonon pair scattering are calculated for LiFeAs. While the sum of these couplings, which gives the total electron-phonon coupling $λ$, is of order 0.2, we find that their contribution to the presumed $s^\pm$ superconducting state is reduced by approximately an order of magnitude.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Exponents of interchain correlation for self-avoiding walks and knotted self-avoiding polygons
Creators: name: Uehara, Erica
name: Deguchi, Tetsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show numerically that critical exponents for two-point interchain correlation of an infinite chain characterize those of finite chains in Self-Avoiding Walk (SAW) and Self-Avoiding Polygon (SAP) under a topological constraint. We evaluate short-distance exponents $θ(i,j)$ through the probability distribution functions of the distance between the $i$th and $j$th vertices of $N$-step SAW (or SAP with a knot) for all pairs ($1 \le i, j \le N$). We construct the contour plot of $θ(i,j)$, and express it as a function of $i$ and $j$. We suggest that it has quite a simple structure. Here exponents $θ(i,j)$ generalize des Cloizeaux's three critical exponents for short-distance interchain correlation of SAW, and we show the crossover among them. We also evaluate the diffusion coefficient of knotted SAP for a few knot types, which can be calculated with the probability distribution functions of the distance between two nodes.
description: 28 pages, 21 figures
Multiple polymerization-formation of hybrid materials consisting of two or more polymers from one monomer
Creators: name: Ebert, T.
name: Wollbrink, A.
name: Seifert, A.
name: John, R.
name: Spange, S.
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Catalysts
subject: Monomers
subject: Organic polymers
subject: Polymerization
subject: Polyfurfuryl alcohols
subject: Polymerization behavior
subject: Polymethylsilsesquioxane
subject: Process steps
subject: Reaction steps
subject: Twin polymerizations
subject: Hybrid materials
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Hybrid materials consisting of three different components were synthesized by the polymerization of one heterotrifunctional monomer in just one reaction step using, at the most, one catalyst. The polymerization of 2-furfuyloxy-2-methyl-4H-1,3,2-benzodioxasiline leading to a hybrid material consisting of phenolic resin, poly(furfuryl alcohol), and polymethylsilsesquioxane is, to the best of our knowledge, the first polymerization of this kind. The influence of different catalysts on the polymerization behavior and thus on the structure of the hybrid material was investigated. In accordance with the term "twin polymerization", which is used for the polymerization of one monomer yielding two separate polymers, this type of polymerization could be called "triple polymerization". The term "multiple polymerization" is introduced as a general term for the underlying concept of the synthesis of multiple polymers starting from one monomer in one process step.
Enhanced sum-frequency generation from etchless lithium niobate empowered by dual quasi-bound states in the continuum
Creators: name: Feng, Siqi
name: Liu, Tingting
name: Chen, Wenya
name: Wu, Feng
name: Xiao, Shuyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The miniaturization of nonlinear light sources is central to the integrated photonic platform, driving a quest for high-efficiency frequency generation and mixing at the nanoscale. In this quest, the high-quality ($Q$) resonant dielectric nanostructures hold great promise, as they enhance nonlinear effects through the resonantly local electromagnetic fields overlapping the chosen nonlinear materials. Here, we propose a method for the enhanced sum-frequency generation (SFG) from etcheless lithium niobate (LiNbO$_{3}$) by utilizing the dual quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BICs) in a one-dimensional resonant grating waveguide structure. Two high-$Q$ guided mode resonances corresponding to the dual quasi-BICs are respectively excited by two near-infrared input beams, generating a strong visible SFG signal with a remarkably high conversion efficiency of $3.66\times10^{-2}$ (five orders of magnitude higher than that of LiNbO$_{3}$ films of the same thickness) and a small full-width at half-maximum less than 0.2 nm. The SFG efficiency can be tuned via adjusting the grating geometry parameter or choosing the input beam polarization combination. Furthermore, the generated SFG signal can be maintained at a fixed wavelength without the appreciable loss of efficiency by selectively exciting the angle-dependent quasi-BICs, even if the wavelengths of input beams are tuned within a broad spectral range. Our results provide a simple but robust paradigm of high-efficiency frequency conversion on an easy-fabricated platform, which may find applications in nonlinear light sources and quantum photonics.
Distraction Potential of Vehicle-Based On-Road Projection
Creators: name: Glück, Tobias
name: Biermann, Tobias
name: Wolf, Alexander
name: Budig, Sören
name: Ziebehl, Arved
name: Knöchelmann, Marvin
name: Lachmayer, Roland
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: DMD
subject: on-road projection
subject: driver assistance system
subject: eye-tracking
subject: autonomous driving
subject: test person study
subject: high-resolution headlamp
subject: light-based communication
subject: distraction
subject: gaze time
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: With regard to autonomous driving, on-road projections cannot only be used for communication with the driver but also with other road users. Our study aims to investigate the distraction potential for other road users when on-road projections (e.g., for driver assistance) are used to communicate with the driver of the projecting vehicle. We perform this investigation in a blind study with 38 test persons who are overtaken six times on a constant motorway section by the projection vehicle. The distraction potential is examined with an eye-tracking system, which detects the direction of the subjects’ gaze. In addition, the subjects’ physiological perception of the headlight projection is recorded with a questionnaire afterward. Several test subjects looked at the projection for less than one second, which is well below the critical threshold for the distraction of 1.6 s. In the interviews, on the other hand, only one of the 38 test persons stated that a projection on the road was recognized. For the examined scenario, it is therefore deduced that on-road projections with the selected symbol shape and brightness do not lead to critical distraction.
A note on branching of $V(ρ)$
Creators: name: Nadimpalli, Santosh
name: Pattanayak, Santosha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a complex simple Lie algebra and let $\mathfrak{g}_0$ be the sub-algebra fixed by a diagram automorphism of $\mathfrak{g}$. Let $G$ be the complex, simply-connected, simple algebraic group with Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$, and let $G_0$ be the connected subgroup of $G$ with Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}_0$. Let $ρ$ be the half sum of positive roots of $\mathfrak{g}$. In this article, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for a highest weight $\mathfrak{g}_0$-representation $V_0(dμ)$ to occur in the representation ${\rm res}_{\mathfrak{g}_0}V(dρ)$, for any saturation factor $d$ of the pair $(G_0, G)$.
description: 6 Pages
Cylindrical black bounces and their field sources
Creators: name: Bronnikov, Kirill A.
name: Rodrigues, Manuel E.
name: Silva, Marcos V. de S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Simpson-Visser phenomenological regularization method to a cylindrically symmetric solution of the Einstein-Maxwell equations known as an inverted black hole. In addition to analyzing some properties of thus regularized space-time, including the Carter-Penrose diagrams, we show that this solution can be obtained from the Einstein equations with a source combining a phantom scalar field with a nonzero self-interaction potential and a nonlinear magnetic field. A similar kind of source is obtained for the cylindrical black bounce solution proposed by Lima et al. as a regularized version of Lemos's black string solution. Such sources are shown to be possible for a certain class of cylindrically, planarly and toroidally symmetric metrics that includes the regularized solutions under consideration.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures. V2: Fixed misprints, some references added. Published in the PRD
Synchrotron and inverse-Compton emission from blazar jets - II. An accelerating jet model with a geometry set by observations of M87
Creators: name: Potter, William J.
name: Cotter, Garret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we develop the jet model of Potter & Cotter (2012) to include a magnetically dominated accelerating parabolic base transitioning to a slowly decelerating conical jet with a geometry set by recent radio observations of M87. We conserve relativistic energy-momentum and particle number along the jet and calculate the observed synchrotron emission from the jet by calculating the integrated line of sight synchrotron opacity through the jet in the rest frame of each section of plasma. We calculate the inverse-Compton emission from synchrotron, CMB, accretion disc, starlight, broad line region, dusty torus and narrow line region photons by transforming into the rest frame of the plasma along the jet. We fit our model to simultaneous multi-wavelength observations of the Compton-dominant FSRQ type blazar PKS0227-369, with a jet geometry set by M87 and an accelerating bulk Lorentz factor consistent with simulations and theory. We investigate models in which the jet comes into equipartition at different distances along the jet and equipartition is maintained via the conversion of jet bulk kinetic energy into particle acceleration. We find that the jet must still be magnetically dominated within the BLR and cannot be in equipartition due to the severe radiative energy losses. The model fits the observations, including radio data, very well if the jet comes into equipartition outside the BLR within the dusty torus (1.5pc) or at further distances (34pc). We find that our fit in which the jet comes into equipartition furthest along the jet, which has a jet with the geometry of M87 scaled linearly with black hole mass, has an inferred black hole mass close to previous estimates. This implies that the jet of PKS0227 might be well described by the same jet geometry as M87.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures and 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Das kleine Mädchen in den Mantelfalten seines Vaters. Zur Grabfigur des Grafen Heinrich von Sayn aus Anlaß der Ausstellung »Die Gründer von Laach und Sayn - Fürstenbildnisse des 13. Jahrhunderts«. 4. Juni - 4. Okt. 1992
Creators: name: Kahsnitz, Rainer
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: [nicht vorhanden / not available]
Contributions in empirical labour economics
Creators: name: Pfeifer, Christian
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Labour economics
subject: labour market research
subject: microeconometrics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: [no abstract]
A closer look at the Yukawa's interaction from a symmetry group perspective
Creators: name: Lopes, Luiz L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I investigate the use of the SU(3) Clebsch-Gordan coefficients in light of the relations of completeness and closure. I show that in the case of $α_V = F/(F+D)~\neq$ 1, there is an additional interaction: the exchange of a $ρ$ meson between a $Λ$ and a $Σ^0$ hyperon that only affects the symmetric coupling. I then calculate these additional coupling constants and show that this recovers the completeness and closure of the SU(3) Clebsch-Gordan coefficients for all values of $α_V$. Besides, it increases the symmetry of the theory, once now we can group the baryon octet into four doublets. Finally, I add the new coupling constants to study numerical results in the hyperon onset in dense nuclear matter assuming $α_V$ as a free parameter.
description: 16 pages, published version
Energy-dependent crossover from anisotropic to isotropic magnetic dispersion in lightly-doped La1.96Sr0.04CuO4
Creators: name: Matsuda, M.
name: Granroth, G. E.
name: Fujita, M.
name: Yamada, K.
name: Tranquada, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic neutron scattering experiments have been performed on lightly-doped La$_{1.96}$Sr$_{0.04}$CuO$_{4}$, which shows diagonal incommensurate spin correlations at low temperatures. We previously reported that this crystal, with a single orthorhombic domain, exhibits the "hourglass" dispersion at low energies [Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 197001 (2008)]. In this paper, we investigate in detail the energy evolution of the magnetic excitations up to 65 meV. It is found that the anisotropic excitations at low energies, dispersing only along the spin modulation direction, crossover to an isotropic, conical dispersion that resembles spin waves in the parent compound La$_2$CuO$_{4}$. The change from two-fold to full symmetry on crossing the waist of the hourglass reproduces behavior first identified in studies of underdoped YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$. We discuss the significance of these results.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
title: “Предупреждаю, что буду пристрастен”: о некоторых литературных стратегиях и культурных аспектах в критико­биографических очерках Ивана Аксенова (1930­е гг.)
Creators: name: Farsetti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: AvtobiografiЯ
Year: 2014

description: This paper aims to outline the common aspects of three late biographical writings by the minor avant-garde poet Ivan Aksenov (1884-1935). The texts are about artists, with whom the author was in close contact, i.e. the theatre actress Maria Babanova, the painter Petr Konchalovskii and the director Sergei Eisenstein. Life is reported through fixed patterns, fictionalized events and devices that can be found in Aksenov’s prose, which depicted artists as literary heroes. In his meta-biographical assertions Aksenov stresses the active role of his artistic perception and experience other than looking for ‘objective’ facts, an approach that is polemically opposed to the so-called dokumental’naia proza of the official Soviet criticism.
Aksenov’s writings also reflect the existential condition of a Silver Age writer facing the hardships of the 1930s in the Soviet Union. Finally, they contain some echoes of contemporary Western thought (Freud, Bergson), a topic which was prohibited at that time.
Environmental Memory Boosts Group Formation of Clueless Individuals
Creators: name: Dias, Cristóvão S.
name: Trivedi, Manish
name: Volpe, Giovanni
name: Araújo, Nuno A. M.
name: Volpe, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of groups of interacting individuals improves performance and fitness in many decentralised systems, from micro-organisms to social insects, from robotic swarms to artificial intelligence algorithms. Often, group formation and high-level coordination in these systems emerge from individuals with limited information-processing capabilities implementing low-level rules of communication to signal to each other. Here, we show that, even in a community of clueless individuals incapable of processing information and communicating, a dynamic environment can coordinate group formation by transiently storing memory of the earlier passage of individuals. Our results identify a new mechanism of indirect coordination via shared memory that is primarily promoted and reinforced by dynamic environmental factors, thus overshadowing the need for any form of explicit signalling between individuals. We expect this pathway to group formation to be relevant for understanding and controlling self-organisation and collective decision making in both living and artificial active matter in real-life environments.
Adopting Quality Criteria for Websites Providing Medical Information About Rare Diseases
Creators: name: Pauer, Frederic
name: Gobel, Jens
name: Storf, Holger
name: Litzkendorf, Svenja
name: Babac, Ana
name: Frank, Martin
name: Luhrs, Verena
name: Schauer, Franziska
name: Schmidtke, Jorg
name: Biehl, Lisa
name: Wagner, Thomas O.F.
name: Uckert, Frank
name: Schulenburg, Johann-Matthias Graf Von Der
name: Hartz, Tobias
Publisher: name: Toronto : JMIR Publications
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: rare diseases
subject: self-help groups
subject: Internet
subject: health information exchange
subject: quality indicators
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::360 | Soziale Probleme, Sozialdienste, Versicherungen

description: BACKGROUND: The European Union considers diseases to be rare when they affect less than 5 in 10,000 people. It is estimated that there are between 5000 and 8000 different rare diseases. Consistent with this diversity, the quality of information available on the Web varies considerably. Thus, quality criteria for websites about rare diseases are needed. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to generate a catalog of quality criteria suitable for rare diseases. METHODS: First, relevant certificates and quality recommendations for health information websites were identified through a comprehensive Web search. Second, all considered quality criteria of each certification program and catalog were examined, extracted into an overview table, and analyzed by thematic content. Finally, an interdisciplinary expert group verified the relevant quality criteria. RESULTS: We identified 9 quality certificates and criteria catalogs for health information websites with 304 single criteria items. Through this, we aggregated 163 various quality criteria, each assigned to one of the following categories: thematic, technical, service, content, and legal. Finally, a consensus about 13 quality criteria for websites offering medical information on rare diseases was determined. Of these categories, 4 (data protection concept, imprint, creation and updating date, and possibility to contact the website provider) were identified as being the most important for publishing medical information about rare diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The large number of different quality criteria appearing within a relatively small number of criteria catalogs shows that the opinion of what is important in the quality of health information differs. In addition, to define useful quality criteria for websites about rare diseases, which are an essential source of information for many patients, a trade-off is necessary between the high standard of quality criteria for health information websites in general and the limited provision of information about some rare diseases. Finally, transparently presented quality assessments can help people to find reliable information and to assess its quality.
Coulomb correlations in the honeycomb lattice: role of translation symmetry
Creators: name: Liebsch, Ansgar
name: Wu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of Coulomb correlations in the half-filled Hubbard model of the honeycomb lattice is studied within the dynamical cluster approximation (DCA) combined with exact diagonalization (ED) and continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo (QMC). The important difference between this approach and the previously employed cluster dynamical mean field theory (CDMFT) is that DCA preserves the translation symmetry of the system, while CDMFT violates this symmetry. As the Dirac cones of the honeycomb lattice are the consequence of perfect long-range order, DCA yields semi-metallic behavior at small onsite Coulomb interactions $U$, whereas CDMFT gives rise to a spurious excitation gap even for very small $U$. This basic difference between the two cluster approaches is found regardless of whether ED or QMC is used as the impurity solver. At larger values of $U$, the lack of translation symmetry becomes less important, so that the CDMFT reveals a Mott gap, in qualitative agreement with large-scale QMC calculations. In contrast, the semi-metallic phase obtained in DCA persists even at $U$ values where CDMFT and large-scale QMC consistently show Mott insulating behavior.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures