Simothraulopsis sinuosus Lima 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Lima, Lucas R. C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Ephemeroptera
Leptophlebiidae
Simothraulopsis
Simothraulopsis sinuosus

description: Simothraulopsis sinuosus sp. nov.
(Figs. 2A–B; 3A–C; 4A–B)
Diagnosis. Male imago: 1) general coloration: thorax and abdomen dark brown, sterna light brown (Fig. 2A–B); 2) hind wing with costal projection forming a right angle, located approximately 1/2 distance from base to apex of wing (Figs. 3B–C); 3) abdominal terga II–VII with medio-basal translucent yellow angles (Figs. 2A–B); 4) penis projection spine-like, sinuous, median size (approximately half of the total length of penis lobes), slightly laterally directed (Figs. 4A–B); 5) penis lobes fused on basal half, with a shallow concavity in the junction of the lobes (Fig. 2B).
Male imago. Length: body: 5.6–5.8 mm; forewing: 5.5 mm; hind wing: 0.3 mm.
Head. Dorsal region dark brown, with black marks; ventral region brown. Upper portion of compound eyes reddish brown, lower portion black (Fig. 2A). Scape and pedicel of antenna brown, flagellum whitish brown.
Thorax. Pronotum dark brown, margins black; with a submedial black stripe. Mesonotum dark brown; longitudinal medial, anterolateral scutal, lateroparapsidal and medioparapsidal sutures light brown; posterior scutal protuberance, scuto-scutellar impression and scutellum black. Pleura brown washed with dark brown; membranous area yellowish. Metanotum dark brown (Fig. 2A). Sterna light brown, sutures darker. Wings membrane hyaline. Forewing with longitudinal veins whitish yellow and cross veins translucent; costal brace and base of veins C, Sc and anal section dark brown; fork of vein MP slightly symmetric (Fig. 3A). Hind wing with costal projection developed, forming a right angle, located approximately 1/2 distance from base to apex of wing (Figs. 3B–C); longitudinal and cross veins yellowish brown, except basal part of costal and subcostal vein; costal region translucent, posterior part of lower portion of hind wing tinged with brown (Figs. 3C). Coxae and trochanters yellowish, washed with gray. Leg. I: femur yellowish brown with a blackish line on posterior margin; tibia with a blackish basal band, remainder whitish; tarsi whitish. Legs II and III similar to leg I.
Abdomen. Terga orangish brown, anterior margins lighter (Fig. 2B). Terga I, VIII– IX completely brown; terga II–VII with anterior region and lateral margin yellowish; tergum X yellowish with a black spot medially (Fig. 2B). Sterna light brown. Genitalia (Figs. 4A). Styliger plate yellowish brown. Forceps segment I darkish brown, segments II and III lighter. Segment II 0.13 length of segment I, 1.4 length of segment III. Penis lobes whitish, fused on basal 1/3; almost pointed apically, separated by a distance either greater than width of one penis lobe, with a spine-like, sinuous, median size (approximately half of the total length of penis lobes) projection, slightly laterally directed; inner margins of lobes divergent, with a medial shallow concavity between them (Fig. 4B). Caudal filaments whitish, except basal region brown and apical margin of each segment black.
Etymology. From the Latin word sinuōsus, sinuous. In reference to the shape of spine-like projections of penis lobes.
Material examined. Holotype: male imago (dissected and mounted in slide), Brazil, Piauí State, Batalha municipality, Cachoeira do Urubu waterfall, S 3°54'47.88"; W 42°6'47.7", 80m, 17/iv/2017, Lima LRC, Moreno LAS cols. (UFVB). Paratypes: 3I ♂ (two male imagos in UFVB; one male imago in MZUESC), same data of holotype (preserved in alcohol).
Comments. Simothraulopsis sinuosus sp. nov. has a color pattern very similar to that of S. diamantinensis Mariano, 2010, and additionally, the inner margins of penis lobes are equally divergent, with each lobe almost pointed apically. However, it is clearly distinguished from S. diamantinensis and others species of the genus by the presence of a peculiar sinuous median size penis projection, while in other Simothraulopsis species the spines are straight and sometimes a little curved. Besides, the new species has a medial shallow concavity between the penis lobes.
description: Published as part of Lima, Lucas R. C., 2018, New species of Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Northeastern Region of Brazil, pp. 253-260 in Zootaxa 4461 (2) on pages 254-258, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4461.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1460068