Ginungagapus ranesus Schaus 1902, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Carneiro, Eduardo
name: Mielke, Olaf H. H.
name: Casagrande, M. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Hesperiidae
Ginungagapus
Ginungagapus ranesus

description: Ginungagapus ranesus (Schaus, 1902) comb. nov.
(Figs 6, 14, 21 and 24)
Megistias ranesus Schaus, 1902. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 24: 449; nº 6.040, Castro, Paraná, Brazil; USNM.—Draudt, 1923, in Seitz. Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, p. 974.—J. Zikán, 1928. Ent. Rdsch., Stuttgart, 45: 35.—Bell, 1930. Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc. 38: 151, fig. 4 (male gen.).—F. Hoffmann, 1934. Ent. Rdsch., Stuttgart, 51: 72.
Lucida ranesus; Evans, 1955. Cat. Amer. Hesp. 4, p. 117, pl. 60 (male gen.).—Biezanko, 1963. Arq. Ent., sér. A, Pelotas, p. 17.—Ebert, 1969. Jour. Lep. Soc. 23, Suppl. 3: 37.—Biezanko & Mielke, 1973. Acta biol. paranaense 2: 80.—Mielke, 1980. Acta biol. paranaense 8–9: 131.—Okano, 1981. Tokurana 1: 60.—Bridges, 1983. Lep. Hesp. 1, p. 101; 2, p. 19.—Bridges, 1988. Cat. Hesp. 1, p. 159; 2, p. 31.—K. Brown, 1992, in Morellato. Hist. nat. Japi, p. 179, fig. 17 (v).—Bridges, 1994. Cat. Fam.-Group, Gen.-Group and Sp.-Group Nam. Hesperioidea 8, p. 191; 9, p. 35; 10, p. 75.—C. Mielke, 1995. Revta bras. Zool. 11: 763.—Warren, 2000, in Llorente; González & Papavero (eds). Biodiv., Tax., Biogeogr. Art. Mex. 2, p. 557.—K. Brown & Freitas, 2000. Bol. Mus. Biol. Mello Leitão, n. s., Sta. Teresa, 11/12: 112.—Iserhard & Romanowski, 2004. Revta bras. Zool. 21: 657.—Mielke, 2004. Hesperioidea, p. 71, in Lamas (ed.). Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A.— Mielke, 2005. Cat. Amer. Hesperioidea 4, p. 1049.—Fonseca; Kumagai & Mielke, 2006. Revta bras. Ent. 50 (3): 402.—Dessuy & Morais, 2007. Revta bras. Zool. 24 (1): 111.— Warren; Ogawa & A. Brower, 2008. Cladistics 24: 33.—Sackis & Morais, 2008. Biota Neotrop. 8 (1): 154.— Warren; Ogawa & A. Brower, 2009. Syst. Ent. 34: 522.—Pulido-B. & Andrade-C., 2009. Colombia, Diversidad Biótica VIII, p. 540, 544.—Iserhard et al., 2010. Biota Neotrop. 10 (1): 316.—Dolibaina; Mielke & Casagrande, 2011. Biota Neotrop. 11 (1): 345.—Bonfantti et al., 2011. Biota Neotrop. 11 (2): 249.— Mielke et al., 2012. Revta bras. Ent. 56 (1): 64.— Mielke et al., [2012]. Coletânea Pesquisas. Curitiba, Inst. Amb. Paraná, p. 298.
Eutocus ranesus; J. Zikán & W. Zikán, 1968. Pesq. agropec. bras. 3: 59.
(no genus) ranesus; Beattie, 1976. Rhop. Direct., p. 245.
Type. Holotype in AMNH.
Systematic history. Described as belonging to Megistias (Schaus, 1902), a synonym of Cymaenes Scudder, 1872, and later placed in Lucida by Evans (1955). All other authors mention the species in taxonomical comments, geographical distribution studies and catalogues.
Diagnosis. VHW central and discal areas fainted or hidden by other coloring markings, similarly to G. schmithi comb. nov. and G. rogan comb. nov .. However, G. ranesus comb. nov. presents the following unique characters: costal area red ferruginous only at the base with a reduced blue spot near Sc; coecum of aedeagus bilobed, distal end with greatly developed pair of hooks filled with spines in its inner margin; fultura inferior dorsally projected and joined over aedeagus forming a well-developed shield; posterior margin of sterigma straight with curved lateral margins, without projections; and ductus bursae all membranous without structures within.
Geographical distribution and phenology. Mountains of Atlant Forest. BRAZIL: Espírito Santo, Santa Teresa (II). Minas Gerais, Barbacena (I, II, VII, XII), Brumadinho (III), Camanducaia (XI), Catas Altas—Caraça (IX, XI, XII), Juiz de Fora (XII), Lagoa Santa (I), Nova Lima (II, III, XI), Novo Cruzeiro (II), Ouro Preto (XII), Poço de Caldas (I, III, IV, VI), Catas Altas (II, VII, VIII, IX), Santana do Riacho (I), São Bento (?). Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia (I–IV, VIII, IX, XI), Nova Friburgo (I, IV), Petrópolis (I–III, VII), Rio Bonito (I–III, VIII), Rio de Janeiro (III), Teresópolis (II). São Paulo, Barreira do Piquete (I, VII), Campos do Jordão (I, II, IV), Jundiaí (II), São Paulo (I, II). Paraná, Candói (II, IV), Carambeí (IX), Castro (II, III, IV, IX), Colombo (I, II, IX), Curitiba (I–IV, VI, VII, IX, XI), Guarapuava (I, II. IX, XII), Jaguariaíva (III), Jundiaí do Sul (IV), Lapa (I), Palmas (I, XII), Piraquara (I), Ponta Grossa (II, VIII), Quatro Barras (III, IV), São José dos Pinhais (IV), São Mateus do Sul (II), Telêmaco Borba (II, IV), Tijucas do Sul (I, II, VIII, XII). Santa Catarina, Curitibanos (II), General Carneiro (I), Joinville (II, III), Lages (II, VI), Mafra (III, XII), Massaranduba (II, IV, XII), Pinhal (II), Rio dos Cedros (I–III, VII), Santa Cecilia (I, II, IV), São Bento do Sul (I–III), Seara (II). Rio Grande do Sul, Bom Jesus (?), Campo Novo (II), Caxias do Sul (II), Pelotas (I–IV, VI, XI, XII), Vacaria (IV). PARAGUAI: Alto Paraná, Cuidad del Este (I). ARGENTINA: Misiones, Puerto Iguazu (I).
Altitude. 10–1600m
Examined material. AMNH (15), BMNH (10), DZUP (155), MGCL (37), MNRJ (16), OM (23), USNM (1).
description: Published as part of Carneiro, Eduardo, Mielke, Olaf H. H. & Casagrande, M. M., 2015, The Neotropical genus Ginungagapus gen. nov. (Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae, Moncini): phylogenetic position and taxonomic review, pp. 196-220 in Zootaxa 3931 (2) on page 206, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3931.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/233416