cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Training troubleshooting skills with an anchored instruction module in an authentic computer based simulation environment
Creators: name: Hochholdinger, Sabine
name: Schaper, Niclas
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2013

description: To improve the application and transfer of troubleshooting skills when diagnosing faults in complex automated production units, we developed and implemented an “anchored instruction“ learning module in the context of a computer based simulation environment. The effects of the instructional module were evaluated in a quasi-experimental evaluation study. During the study 42 mechatronic apprentices were trained in two parallel experimental groups with and without the anchored instruction module. We assessed success related training outcomes using measures of performance in several different transfer tasks. It could be shown that participants who trained with the anchored instruction module improved performance and strategic behavior especially in similar and new tasks in the learning environment. Keywords: simulation based training, fault diagnosis, training evaluation, situated learning, anchored instruction
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2013): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Engines with ideal efficiency and nonzero power for sublinear transport laws
Creators: name: Koning, Jesper
name: Indekeu, Joseph O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that an engine with ideal efficiency ($η=1$ for a chemical engine and $e = e_{\rm Carnot}$ for a thermal one) has zero power because a reversible cycle takes an infinite time. However, at least from a theoretical point of view, it is possible to conceive (irreversible) engines with nonzero power that can reach ideal efficiency. Here this is achieved by replacing the usual linear transport law by a sublinear one and taking the step-function limit for the particle current (chemical engine) or heat current (thermal engine) versus the applied force. It is shown that in taking this limit exact thermodynamic inequalities relating the currents to the entropy production are not violated.
Electronic and magnetic properties of the RuX$_3$ (X=Cl, Br, I) family: Two siblings -- and a cousin?
Creators: name: Kaib, David A. S.
name: Riedl, Kira
name: Razpopov, Aleksandar
name: Li, Ying
name: Backes, Steffen
name: Mazin, Igor I.
name: Valenti, Roser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent reports of metallic behavior in the recently synthesized RuI$_3$, in contrast to the Mott-insulating nature of the actively discussed $α$-RuCl$_3$, as well as RuBr$_3$, we present a detailed comparative analysis of the electronic and magnetic properties of this family of trihalides. Using a combination of first-principles calculations and effective-model considerations, we conclude that RuI$_3$, similarly to the other two members, is most probably on the verge of a Mott insulator, but with much smaller magnetic moments and a strong magnetic frustration. We predict the ideal pristine crystal of RuI$_3$ to have a nearly vanishing conventional nearest-neighbor Heisenberg interaction and to be a quantum spin liquid candidate of possibly different kind than the Kitaev spin liquid. In order to understand the apparent contradiction to the reported resistivity $ρ$, we analyze the experimental evidence for all three compounds and propose a scenario for the observed metallicity in existing samples of RuI$_3$. Furthermore, for the Mott insulator RuBr$_3$ we obtain a magnetic Hamiltonian of a similar form to that in the much discussed $α$-RuCl$_3$ and show that this Hamiltonian is in agreement with experimental evidence in RuBr$_3$.
description: published manuscript version
Insights from Synthetic Star-forming Regions: II. Verifying Dust Surface Density, Dust Temperature & Gas Mass Measurements with Modified Blackbody Fitting
Creators: name: Koepferl, Christine M.
name: Robitaille, Thomas P.
name: Dale, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a large data-set of realistic synthetic observations (PaperI) to assess how observational techniques affect the measurement of physical properties of star-forming regions. In this paper (PaperII), we explore the reliability of the measured total gas mass, dust surface density and dust temperature maps derived from modified blackbody fitting of synthetic Herschel observations. We found from our pixel-by-pixel analysis of the measured dust surface density and dust temperature a worrisome error spread especially close to star-formation sites and low-density regions, where for those "contaminated" pixels the surface densities can be under/overestimated by up to three orders of magnitude. In light of this, we recommend to treat the pixel-based results from this technique with caution in regions with active star formation. In regions of high background typical in the inner Galactic plane, we are not able to recover reliable surface density maps of individual synthetic regions, since low-mass regions are lost in the FIR background. When measuring the total gas mass of regions in moderate background, we find that modified blackbody fitting works well (absolute error:+9%;-13%) up to 10kpc distance (errors increase with distance). Commonly, the initial images are convolved to the largest common beam-size, which smears contaminated pixels over large areas. The resulting information loss makes this commonly-used technique less verifiable as now chi^2-values cannot be used as a quality indicator of a fitted pixel. Our control measurements of the total gas mass (without the step of convolution to the largest common beam size) produce similar results (absolute error:+20%;-7%) while having much lower median errors especially for the high-mass stellar feedback phase. In upcoming papers (III&IV) we test the reliability of measured star-formation rate with direct and indirect techniques.
description: Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal (ApJ), 7 page plots, 12 figures, extensive online material
ChameleMon: Shifting Measurement Attention as Network State Changes
Creators: name: Yang, Kaicheng
name: Wu, Yuhan
name: Miao, Ruijie
name: Yang, Tong
name: Liu, Zirui
name: Xu, Zicang
name: Qiu, Rui
name: Zhao, Yikai
name: Lv, Hanglong
name: Ji, Zhigang
name: Xie, Gaogang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Flow-level network measurement is critical to many network applications. Among various measurement tasks, packet loss detection and heavy-hitter detection are two most important measurement tasks, which we call the two key tasks. In practice, the two key tasks are often required at the same time, but existing works seldom handle both tasks. In this paper, we design ChameleMon to support the two key tasks simultaneously. One key design/novelty of ChameleMon is to shift measurement attention as network state changes, through two dimensions of dynamics: 1) dynamically allocating memory between the two key tasks; 2) dynamically monitoring the flows of importance. To realize the key design, we propose a key technique, leveraging Fermat's little theorem to devise a flexible data structure, namely FermatSketch. FermatSketch is dividable, additive, and subtractive, supporting the two key tasks. We have fully implemented a ChameleMon prototype on a testbed with a Fat-tree topology. We conduct extensive experiments and the results show ChameleMon supports the two key tasks with low memory/bandwidth overhead, and more importantly, it can automatically shift measurement attention as network state changes.
description: This is a preprint of ChameleMon: Shifting Measurement Attention as Network State Changes, to appear in SIGCOMM 2023
The coherent Ising machine with quantum feedback: the total and conditional master equation methods
Creators: name: Kiesewetter, Simon
name: Drummond, Peter D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a detailed theoretical derivation of the quantum master equation for the coherent Ising machine. This is a quantum computational network with feedback, that solves NP hard combinatoric problems, including the traveling salesman problem and various extensions and analogs. There are two types of master equation that are obtained, either conditional on the feedback current or unconditional. We show that both types can be accurately simulated in a scalable way using stochastic equations in the positive-P phase-space representation. This depends on the nonlinearity present, and we use parameter values that are typical of current experiments. However, while the two approaches are in excellent agreement, they are not equivalent with regard to efficiency. We find that unconditional simulation has much greater efficiency, and is scalable to larger sizes. This is a case where too much knowledge is a dangerous thing. Conditioning the simulations on the feedback current is not essential to determining the success probability, but it greatly increases the computational complexity. To illustrate the speed improvements obtained with the unconditional approach, we carry out full quantum simulations of the quantum master equation with up to 1000 nodes.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Struktur und Reformen der Aus-, Fort- und Weiterbildung von Lehrkräften an berufsbildenden Schulen in Niedersachsen
Creators: name: Eder, Alexandra
name: Rütters, Klaus
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2013

description: Kompetenz- und Nachfrageorientierung gelten seit über zehn Jahren als zentrale Vorgaben für die Reform der Aus-, Fort- und Weiterbildung von Lehrkräften an berufsbildenden Schulen in Niedersachsen. In dem folgenden Beitrag wird untersucht, ob und in welchem Maße diese Vorgaben die Reformen in der Qualifizierung von Lehrkräften an berufsbildenden Schulen in der ersten Phase „akademisches Studium an Hochschulen“, der zweiten Phase „Vorbereitungsdienst“ und in der dritten Phase „Fort- und Weiterbildung“ bestimmt haben und welche Ergebnisse bisher erzielt wurden. Abschließend wird über ein Projekt berichtet, in dem Lehrkräfte einer berufsbildenden Schule und betriebliche Ausbilder(innen), die in der Ausbildung von Mechatroniker(inne)n tätig sind, gemeinsam fortgebildet wurden. Schlüsselwörter: Kompetenz- und Nachfrageorientierung in der Lehrerbildung, Aus- und Fortbildung von Berufsschullehrer(inne)n, Kompetenzzentren für Lehrerfortbildung, Lernortkooperative Fortbildung.
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2013): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Two more counterexamples to the infinite dimensional Carleson embedding theorem
Creators: name: Rydhe, Eskil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30H10, 30H35, 46E40 (primary), 47B35, 47B38 (secondary)

description: The existence of a counterexample to the infinite-dimensional Carleson embedding theorem has been established by Nazarov, Pisier, Treil, and Volberg. We provide an explicit construction of such an example. We also obtain a non-constructive example of particularly simple form; the density function of the measure (with respect to a certain weighted area measure) is the tensor-square of a Hilbert space-valued analytic function. This special structure of the measure has implications for Hankel-like operators appearing in control theory.
description: 24 pages
The E-Posterior
Creators: name: Grünwald, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop a representation of a decision maker's uncertainty based on e-variables. Like the Bayesian posterior, this *e-posterior* allows for making predictions against arbitrary loss functions that may not be specified ex ante. Unlike the Bayesian posterior, it provides risk bounds that have frequentist validity irrespective of prior adequacy: if the e-collection (which plays a role analogous to the Bayesian prior) is chosen badly, the bounds get loose rather than wrong, making *e-posterior minimax* decision rules safer than Bayesian ones. The resulting *quasi-conditional paradigm* is illustrated by re-interpreting a previous influential partial Bayes-frequentist unification, *Kiefer-Berger-Brown-Wolpert conditional frequentist tests*, in terms of e-posteriors.
A review of thermal comfort principles and their applications to indoor thermal environmental system control and performance
Creators: name: Simandjuntak, Elmer Panogari.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Assessment of the Practice of Non-pharmacological Post-operative Pain Management and Associated Factors among Nurses Working in Public Referral Hospitals of Amhara Regional State
Creators: name: Dires, Tadila
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: Background: Non-pharmacological interventions defined as therapies that do not involve taking medicines or any other active substance. Such interventions may include exercise, massage, relaxation training, thermotherapy and psychological or behavioral management. Non pharmacological pain management is important when managing post-operative pain. Non-pharmacologic method have no side effects, have minimum risk, are not detrimental to patients, easy to administer and cost-efficient. These interventions should be implemented by nurses into routine plans of care for patients. Objective: To assess practice of non-pharmacological post-operative pain management and associated factors among nurses working in public referral hospitals of Amhara regional state. Method: Cross-sectional study design will be used. Data will be collected from March to April 2019 by using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Source population of the study will be nurses who work at post-operative units of public referral hospitals of Amhara regional state. The sample size of study is 300 nurses who work in post-operative unit of randomly selected referral hospitals of Amhara regional state. Correlation coefficient r will be used to measures the degree of association between dependent variable and continues in dependent variables. Differences between the groups in the mean values of the variables will be tested with ANOVA test. In addition, association between factors and nurses' practice of non-pharmacological methods will be tested by t test. I will also use multiple linear regression to asses significantly associated variable with significant p value <0.05 and 95 % confidence interval. Conclusion and recommendation:
Path Integrals and Lie Groups
Creators: name: Inomata, Akira
name: Junker, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The roles of Lie groups in Feynman's path integrals in non-relativistic quantum mechanics are discussed. Dynamical as well as geometrical symmetries are found useful for path integral quantization. Two examples having the symmetry of a non-compact Lie group are considered. The first is the free quantum motion of a particle on a space of constant negative curvature. The system has a group SO(d,1) associated with the geometrical structure, to which the technique of harmonic analysis on a homogeneous space is applied. As an example of a system having a non-compact dynamical symmetry, the d-dimensional harmonic oscillator is chosen, which has the non-compact dynamical group SU(1,1) besides its geometrical symmetry SO(d). The radial path integral is seen as a convolution of the matrix functions of a compact group element of SU(1,1) on the continuous basis.
Online Target Localization using Adaptive Belief Propagation in the HMM Framework
Creators: name: Seo, Min-Won
name: Kia, Solmaz S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a novel adaptive sample space-based Viterbi algorithm for target localization in an online manner. The method relies on discretizing the target's motion space into cells representing a finite number of hidden states. Then, the most probable trajectory of the tracked target is computed via dynamic programming in a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) framework. The proposed method uses a Bayesian estimation framework which is neither limited to Gaussian noise models nor requires a linearized target motion model or sensor measurement models. However, an HMM-based approach to localization can suffer from poor computational complexity in scenarios where the number of hidden states increases due to high-resolution modeling or target localization in a large space. To improve this poor computational complexity, this paper proposes a belief propagation in the most probable belief space with a low to high-resolution sequentially, reducing the required resources significantly. The proposed method is inspired by the k-d Tree algorithm (e.g., quadtree) commonly used in the computer vision field. Experimental tests using an ultra-wideband (UWB) sensor network demonstrate our results.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Artificial neural network as an effective tool to calculate parameters of positron annihilation lifetime spectra
Creators: name: Pietrow, M.
name: Miaskowski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents the application of the multi-layer perceptron regressor model for predicting the parameters of positron annihilation lifetime spectra using the example of alkanes in the solid phase. A good agreement of calculation results was found when comparing with the commonly used methods. The presented method can be used as an alternative quick and accurate tool for decomposition of PALS spectra in general. The advantages and disadvantages of the new method are discussed.
The Weak Gravity Conjecture in three dimensions
Creators: name: Montero, Miguel
name: Shiu, Gary
name: Soler, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study weakly coupled $U(1)$ theories in $AdS_3$, their associated charged BTZ solutions, and their charged spectra. We find that modular invariance of the holographic dual two-dimensional CFT and compactness of the gauge group together imply the existence of charged operators with conformal dimension significantly below the black hole threshold. We regard this as a form of the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) in three dimensions. We also explore the constraints posed by modular invariance on a particular discrete $\mathbb{Z}_N$ symmetry which arises in our discussion. In this case, modular invariance does not guarantee the existence of light $\mathbb{Z}_N$-charged states. We also highlight the differences between our discussion and the usual heuristic arguments for the WGC based on black hole remnants.
description: 44 pages
Computing eigenvalues of semi-infinite quasi-Toeplitz matrices
Creators: name: Bini, D. A.
name: Iannazzo, B.
name: Meini, B.
name: Meng, J.
name: Robol, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A quasi-Toeplitz (QT) matrix is a semi-infinite matrix of the form $A=T(a)+E$ where $T(a)$ is the Toeplitz matrix with entries $(T(a))_{i,j}=a_{j-i}$, for $a_{j-i}\in\mathbb C$, $i,j\ge 1$, while $E$ is a matrix representing a compact operator in $\ell^2$. The matrix $A$ is finitely representable if $a_k=0$ for $k<-m$ and for $k>n$, given $m,n>0$, and if $E$ has a finite number of nonzero entries. The problem of numerically computing eigenpairs of a finitely representable QT matrix is investigated, i.e., pairs $(λ,{\bf v})$ such that $A{\bf v}=λ{\bf v}$, with $λ\in\mathbb C$, ${\bf v}=(v_j)_{j\in\mathbb Z^+}$, ${\bf v}\ne 0$, and $\sum_{j=1}^\infty |v_j|^2<\infty$. It is shown that the problem is reduced to a finite nonlinear eigenvalue problem of the kind $ WU(λ){\pmb β}=0$, where $W$ is a constant matrix and $U$ depends on $λ$ and can be given in terms of either a Vandermonde matrix or a companion matrix. Algorithms relying on Newton's method applied to the equation $\det WU(λ)=0$ are analyzed. Numerical experiments show the effectiveness of this approach. The algorithms have been included in the CQT-Toolbox [Numer. Algorithms 81 (2019), no. 2, 741--769].
Survival in hospital and predictor of mortality among adult stroke patients in Saint Paul's hospital millennium medical college addis abeba Ethiopia, 2019.
Creators: name: Sahle, Tadesse
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: Background: Stroke is sudden loss of blood supply to the brain leading to permanent tissue damage caused by, embolic, thrombotic or hemorrhagic events. Almost 85% of strokes are ischemic stroke. Stroke is 'silent' brain, retinal and spinal infarcts and silent cerebral hemorrhages. Stroke is typically characterized by a neurological deficit attributed to an acute focal injury of the central nervous system by a vascular cause, like, Intracerebral hemorrhage subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral infarction. When we see death due to stroke separately from other cardiovascular diseases, stroke led the fifth among all causes of death, behind diseases of the heart, cancer, chronic lower respiratory disease, and unintentional injuries/accidents. Objectives: To assess survival in hospital and predictor of mortality among adult stroke patient in Saint Paul's Hospital millennium Medical College Addis Ababa Ethiopia 2019 Methodology: Institution based Retrospective cohort was conducted. Patients who were admitted to SPHMMC from January 2016 to December 2018, with a primary diagnosis of stroke (Ischemic Stroke or Hemorrhage stroke) Data entered to Epi-Data version 4.3 and analyzed using SPSS 24 statistical software. Predictor with p-value <0.05 will be considered as significant association with stroke mortality in multivariate cox regression. Results: Totally 251 stroke patients chart were included in this study among those 128 (51%) were female and 123 (49%) were male stroke patient, 135(53.8%) hemorrhagic stroke and 116 (46.2%) ischemic Stroke. the overall incidence rate was 9.5 deaths per 1000 person-day observations. The overall mean and median survival time of adult stroke patient was 178 and 79 days respectively. GCS level less than nine has lower survival time with mean survival time of 28.135 with (95% CI: 11.285-44.986). Conclusion: In the current study, nearly one third of the patients were died during the follow up period. Predictor of mortality with adult stroke patients was decreased GCS and presence of pneumonia.
Hypergraph Modeling via Spectral Embedding Connection: Hypergraph Cut, Weighted Kernel $k$-means, and Heat Kernel
Creators: name: Saito, Shota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a theoretical framework of multi-way similarity to model real-valued data into hypergraphs for clustering via spectral embedding. For graph cut based spectral clustering, it is common to model real-valued data into graph by modeling pairwise similarities using kernel function. This is because the kernel function has a theoretical connection to the graph cut. For problems where using multi-way similarities are more suitable than pairwise ones, it is natural to model as a hypergraph, which is generalization of a graph. However, although the hypergraph cut is well-studied, there is not yet established a hypergraph cut based framework to model multi-way similarity. In this paper, we formulate multi-way similarities by exploiting the theoretical foundation of kernel function. We show a theoretical connection between our formulation and hypergraph cut in two ways, generalizing both weighted kernel $k$-means and the heat kernel, by which we justify our formulation. We also provide a fast algorithm for spectral clustering. Our algorithm empirically shows better performance than existing graph and other heuristic modeling methods.
description: Extended version of our AAAI-22 paper; This version includes more examples and explanations. Proofs are also attached
A consistent model for both the HI and stellar mass functions of galaxies
Creators: name: Martindale, Hazel
name: Thomas, Peter A.
name: Henriques, Bruno M.
name: Loveday, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the L-Galaxies semi-analytic model we simultaneously fit the HI mass function, stellar mass function and galaxy colours. We find good fits to all three observations at z = 0 and to the stellar mass function and galaxy colours at z = 2. Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques we adjust the L-Galaxies parameters to best fit the constraining data. In order to fit the HI mass function we must greatly reduce the gas surface density threshold for star formation, thus lowering the number of low HI mass galaxies. A simultaneous reduction in the star formation efficiency prevents the over production of stellar content. A simplified model in which the surface density threshold is eliminated altogether also provides a good fit to the data. Unfortunately, these changes weaken the fit to the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation and raise the star-formation rate density at recent times, suggesting that a change to the model is required to prevent accumulation of gas onto dwarf galaxies in the local universe.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, submitted to mnras
Time-reversal invariant finite-size topology
Creators: name: Flores-Calderón, R.
name: Moessner, Roderich
name: Cook, Ashley M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report finite-size topology in the quintessential time-reversal (TR) invariant systems, the quantum spin Hall insulator (QSHI) and the three-dimensional, strong topological insulator (STI): previously-identified helical or Dirac cone boundary states of these phases hybridize in wire or slab geometries with one open boundary condition for finite system size, and additional, topologically-protected, lower-dimensional boundary modes appear for open boundary conditions in two or more directions. For the quasi-one-dimensional (q(2-1)D) QSHI, we find topologically-protected, quasi-zero-dimensional (q(2-2)D) boundary states within the hybridization gap of the helical edge states, determined from q(2-1)D bulk topology characterized by topologically non-trivial Wilson loop spectra. We show this finite-size topology furthermore occurs in 1T'-WTe2 in ribbon geometries with sawtooth edges, based on analysis of a tight-binding model derived from density-functional theory calculations, motivating experimental investigation of our results. In addition, we find quasi-two-dimensional (q(3-1)D) finite-size topological phases occur for the STI, yielding helical boundary modes distinguished from those of the QSHI by a non-trivial magneto-electric polarizability linked to the original 3D bulk STI. Finite-size topological phases therefore exhibit signatures associated with the non-trivial topological invariant of a higher-dimensional bulk. Finally, we find the q(3-2)D STI also exhibits finite-size topological phases, finding the first signs of topologically-protected boundary modes of codimension greater than 1 due to finite-size topology. Finite-size topology of four or higher-dimensional systems is therefore possible in experimental settings without recourse to thermodynamically large synthetic dimensions.
description: References updated
Assessment of clinical practice competency and associated factors among graduating nursing students in universities of Amhara region, northern Ethiopia, 2018 GC
Creators: name: Getie, Addisu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Background: Health workers, including nurses, are not adequately prepared to meet the needs of society, especially in developing countries. The practice of nursing requires a complex combination of various attributes and nursing students require highly specialized competencies to accurately predict and determine patients' status and cope with the problems that may occur during nursing care. Clinical experiences are critically important to achieve the maximum level of clinical competence after receiving adequate theoretical and practical instructions. However, most new bachelor graduates have adequate theoretical knowledge but lack clinical competence. Objective: To assess clinical practice competency and associated factors among graduating nursing students in universities of Amhara region, Northern Ethiopia, 2018 Methods: Institutional based Cross-sectional study was carried among 307 graduating BSc nursing student. The study was conducted in Amhara region universities. Simple random sampling technique was applied to select study subject and the data was collected by using a self-administered questionnaire and observation from February 25/2018 –April 25 /2018 G.C. Descriptive analysis was employed to describe the percentages and distributions of the respondents for socio-demographic characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was also used to see the association of independent with the dependent variable. Crude and adjusted odds ratios together with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals were computed. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULT: The study revealed that 103 (33.6%) of the study participants were clinically competent. Clinical instructor factors [AOR: 3.051; 95% CI (1.717-5.421)] and student-staff interaction factors [AOR: 2.348; 95% CI (1.337-4.124)] were statistically significant variables with level of competency of the student. Students who had good clinical instructor were 3.1 times clinically competent than students who had not and students who had good interaction with clinical staffs were 2.348 times clinically competent than students who had no good interaction. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Generally, the results of this study revealed that about more than half of graduating nursing students were clinically incompetent. Variables such as clinical instructor and staff-student interaction were significantly associated with clinical practice competency among graduating nursing students. So designing appropriate clinical practice protocol which includes improving supervision of clinical instructor is important to enhance clinical practice competency of student
Accumulative coupling between magnetized tenuous plasma and gravitational waves
Creators: name: Zhang, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicitly compute the plasma wave (PW) induced by a plane gravitational wave (GW) travelling through a region of strongly magnetized plasma, governed by force-free electrodynamics. The PW co-moves with the GW and absorbs its energy to grow over time, creating an essentially force-free counterpart to the inverse-Gertsenshtein effect. The time-averaged Poynting flux of the induced PW is comparable to the vacuum case, but the associated current may offer a more sensitive alternative to photodetection when designing experiments for detecting/constraining high frequency gravitational waves. Aside from the exact solutions, we also offer an analysis of the general properties of the GW to PW conversion process, which should find use when evaluating electromagnetic counterparts to astrophysical gravitational waves, that are generated directly by the latter as a second order phenomenon.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Social networks, social support and quality of life among female breast cancer patients at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia 2019.
Creators: name: Aberaraw, Rahel
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: Background: Breast cancer is a major life-threatening public health problem in the world. It is the most common form of cancer among women in many developing countries including Ethiopia. Social networks and social supports could change the course of cancer and can influence the quality of life among breast cancer patients. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess social networks, social support and quality of life among female breast cancer patients attending in Tikur Anbassa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2019. Methods: An institutional basedcross-sectional study was conducted in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from March to April 2019. A total of 214 female breast cancer patients were included and systematic sampling method was used. A structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used. Data entry was done using epi data version 4.2.Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25. Binary and multiple logistic regression was used to show the association of social networks, social support and quality of life. P-value <0.05 and 95%CI was used. Result:A total of 214 women with breast cancer were recruited.Themeanage was 41.85.Among total participants,13(6%), 65(30%) and 136(64%) had limited, medium and diverse social networks respectively. From total participants, 124(58%) had good social support whereas,198(92.52%) of them had affectedquality of life.Participants who were illiterate were more likely to have affected quality of life by 3 times than who were more educated (AOR=3, 95%CI: 1.3,6.9, COR=4.8) and who had systematic therapy side effects were more likely to have affected QoL by 3.8 times than who had no systemic therapy side effect (AOR=3.8, 95%CI: 1.1,13, COR=4). Conclusionandrecommendation:In this study finding quality of life in breast cancer was low.Healthcareprovidersespecially working at oncology departmentneed to focus on addressing side effects of therapy, social network and social support which may help to improve quality of life of women with breast cancer.
Hadrophilic Light Dark Matter from the Atmosphere
Creators: name: Argüelles, Carlos A.
name: Muñoz, Víctor
name: Shoemaker, Ian M.
name: Takhistov, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light sub-GeV dark matter (DM) constitutes an underexplored target, beyond the optimized sensitivity of typical direct DM detection experiments. We comprehensively investigate hadrophilic light DM produced from cosmic-ray collisions with the atmosphere. The resulting relativistic DM, originating from meson decays, can be efficiently observed in variety of experiments, such as XENON1T. We include for the first time decays of $η$, $η^{\prime}$ and $K^+$ mesons, leading to improved limits for DM masses above few hundred MeV. We incorporate an exact treatment of the DM attenuation in Earth and demonstrate that nuclear form factor effects can significantly impact the resulting testable DM parameter space. Further, we establish projections for upcoming experiments, such as DARWIN, over a wide range of DM masses below the GeV scale.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; matches published version
Casimir effect in 2+1 Horava gravity
Creators: name: Bórquez, Claudio
name: Droguett, Byron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Casimir effect of a membrane embedded in 2+1 dimensions flat cone generated by a massive particle located at the origin of the coordinate system. The flat cone is an exact solution of the nonprojectable Horava theory, similar to general relativity. We consider a scalar field satisfying Dirichlet boundary conditions, and regularize the spectrum using the $ζ$--function technique. In addition, we include the effects of temperature in our analysis. Our results show that the Casimir force depends on three factors: the anisotropic scaling z, the mass of the point particle, and the temperature.
description: minor correction in introduction
Modified gravitational wave propagation with higher modes and its degeneracies with lensing
Creators: name: Ezquiaga, Jose Maria
name: Hu, Wayne
name: Lagos, Macarena
name: Lin, Meng-Xiang
name: Xu, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-energy alternatives to General Relativity (GR) generically modify the phase of gravitational waves (GWs) during their propagation. As detector sensitivities increase, it becomes key to understand how these modifications affect the GW higher modes and to disentangle possible degeneracies with astrophysical phenomena. We apply a general formalism -- the WKB approach -- for solving analytically wave propagation in the spatial domain with a modified dispersion relation (MDR). We compare this WKB approach to applying a stationary phase approximation (SPA) in the temporal domain with time delays associated to the group or particle velocity. To this end, we extend the SPA to generic signals with higher modes, keeping careful track of reference phases and arrival times. We find that the WKB approach coincides with the SPA using the group velocity, in agreement with the principles of wave propagation. We then explore the degeneracies between a GW propagation with an MDR and a strongly-lensed GW in GR, since the latter can introduce a frequency-independent phase shift which is not degenerate with source parameters in the presence of higher modes. We find that for a particular MDR there is an exact degeneracy for wave propagation, unlike with the SPA for particle propagation. For the other cases, we search for the values of the MDR parameters that minimize the $χ^2$ and conclude that strongly-lensed GR GWs could be misinterpreted as GWs in modified gravity. Future MDR constraints with higher mode GWs should include the possibility of frequency-independent phase shifts, allowing for the identification of modified gravity and strong lensing distortions at the same time.
description: 32 pages, 6 figures. Match the published version
Factors Affecting Audit Fees in Private Commercial Banking Industries: In Ethiopia
Creators: name: Lechu, Getachew
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: The main purpose of this study is to investigate factors affecting audit fees in private commercial banking industries. This investigation is focused on 13 private commercial banking industries using purposively sampling technique and collected primary data of 113 respondents out of 117 that were expected to represent population. The board of directors, audit committees, internal controllers, internal auditors and the finance directors of the selected private commercial banks are the sources for the required data to the researcher through the questionnaires administered and self-collected. In addition, used the secondary data to analysis the bank size (total assets) verse audit costs from annual audited financial statements of 5 years from (2010/11 to 2014/15) of those private banks. The findings from regression and correlation analysis of the pooled data at 10% level of significance result revealed that all board characteristics, audit committee characteristics, audit quality, audit firm size , audit risk and bank size are found to be the major factors influencing the variation in audit fees in the Ethiopian commercial banking industries. Typically, board characteristics, audit committee characteristics and in turn audit qualities are inversely connected with audit fee. In addition, the audit risks, audit complexity, audit firm size and bank size directly affects audit fees. Therefore, private commercial banking industries thus better focus on factors that deemed to have significant effect with audit fees; being it results to audit quality assurance which is nearsighted by government and shareholder as well by the concerned bodies. Key words: Audit fees, board of directors, audit committee, audit complexity, bank size, audit firm size, audit risk and audit quality, Ethiopian private commercial banking industry Correlation and regression analysis
The calibration of a friction cone penetrometer in sand
Creators: name: Binh., Vuong Tri
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Generalization through Diversity: Improving Unsupervised Environment Design
Creators: name: Li, Wenjun
name: Varakantham, Pradeep
name: Li, Dexun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Agent decision making using Reinforcement Learning (RL) heavily relies on either a model or simulator of the environment (e.g., moving in an 8x8 maze with three rooms, playing Chess on an 8x8 board). Due to this dependence, small changes in the environment (e.g., positions of obstacles in the maze, size of the board) can severely affect the effectiveness of the policy learned by the agent. To that end, existing work has proposed training RL agents on an adaptive curriculum of environments (generated automatically) to improve performance on out-of-distribution (OOD) test scenarios. Specifically, existing research has employed the potential for the agent to learn in an environment (captured using Generalized Advantage Estimation, GAE) as the key factor to select the next environment(s) to train the agent. However, such a mechanism can select similar environments (with a high potential to learn) thereby making agent training redundant on all but one of those environments. To that end, we provide a principled approach to adaptively identify diverse environments based on a novel distance measure relevant to environment design. We empirically demonstrate the versatility and effectiveness of our method in comparison to multiple leading approaches for unsupervised environment design on three distinct benchmark problems used in literature.
description: 9 pages
Feedback-cooling the fundamental torsional mechanical mode of a tapered optical fiber to 30 mK
Creators: name: Tebbenjohanns, Felix
name: Jia, Jihao
name: Antesberger, Michael
name: Prasad, Adarsh Shankar
name: Pucher, Sebastian
name: Rauschenbeutel, Arno
name: Volz, Jürgen
name: Schneeweiss, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tapered optical fibers (TOFs) are used in many areas of physics and optical technologies ranging from coupling light into nanophotonic components to optical sensing and amplification to interfacing quantum emitters. Here, we study the fundamental torsional mechanical mode of the nanofiber-waist of a TOF using laser light. We find that this oscillator features a quality factor of up to $10^7$ and a $Qf$ product of 1 THz. We damp the thermal motion from room temperature to 28(7) mK by means of active feedback. Our results might enable new types of fiber-based sensors and lay the foundation for a novel hybrid quantum optomechanical platform.
Time-reversal-symmetry Breaking in the Superconducting State of ScS
Creators: name: Arushi
name: Kushwaha, R. K.
name: Singh, D.
name: Hillier, A. D.
name: Scheurer, M. S.
name: Singh, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the electronic properties of ScS, a transition-metal monochalcogenide with rocksalt crystal structure, using magnetization, specific heat, transport, and muon spin rotation/relaxation ($μ$SR) measurements. All measurements confirm the bulk superconducting in ScS with a transition temperature of $T_{C}$ = 5.1(5) K. Specific heat together with transverse-field $μ$SR measurements indicate a full gap, while our zero-field $μ$SR study reveals the presence of spontaneous static or quasi-static magnetic fields emerging when entering the superconducting state. We discuss various possible microscopic origins of the observed time-reversal-symmetry breaking. As none of them can be readily reconciled with a conventional pairing mechanism, this introduces ScS as a novel candidate material for unconventional superconductivity.
description: 6 Pages, 3 figures
Intrinsic and extrinsic pinning in NdFeAs(O,F): vortex trapping and lock-in by the layered structure
Creators: name: Tarantini, C.
name: Iida, K.
name: Haenisch, J.
name: Kurth, F.
name: Jaroszynski, J.
name: Sumiya, N.
name: Chihara, M.
name: Hatano, T.
name: Ikuta, H.
name: Schmidt, S.
name: Seidel, P.
name: Holzapfel, B.
name: Larbalestier, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fe-based superconductors (FBS) present a large variety of compounds whose properties are affected to different extents by their crystal structures. Amongst them, the $\it{RE}$FeAs(O,F) ($\it{RE}$1111, where $\it{RE}$ is a rare earth element) is the family with the highest critical temperature $T_c$ but also with a large anisotropy and Josephson vortices as demonstrated in the flux-flow regime in Sm1111 ($T_c$ $\sim$ 55 K). Here we focus our attention on the pinning properties of the lower-$T_c$ Nd1111 in the flux-creep regime. We demonstrate that for H//c critical current density $J_c$ at high temperatures is dominated by point-defect pinning centres, whereas at low temperatures surface pinning by planar defects parallel to the $\it{c}$-axis and vortex shearing prevail. When the field approaches the $\it{ab}$-planes, two different regimes are observed at low temperatures as a consequence of the transition between 3D-Abrikosov and 2D-Josephson vortices: one is determined by the formation of a vortex staircase structure and one by lock-in of the vortices parallel to the layers. This is the first study on FBS showing this behaviour in a full temperature, field, and angular range and it demonstrates that, despite the lower $T_c$ and anisotropy of Nd1111 with respect to Sm1111, this compound is substantially affected by intrinsic pinning generating a strong $\it{ab}$-peak in $J_c$.
description: Final version available on Scientific Reports (Open access)