cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic ripples in graphene
Creators: name: Fasolino, A.
name: Los, J. H.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability of two-dimensional (2D) layers and membranes is subject of a long standing theoretical debate. According to the so called Mermin-Wagner theorem, long wavelength fluctuations destroy the long-range order for 2D crystals. Similarly, 2D membranes embedded in a 3D space have a tendency to be crumpled. These dangerous fluctuations can, however, be suppressed by anharmonic coupling between bending and stretching modes making that a two-dimensional membrane can exist but should present strong height fluctuations. The discovery of graphene, the first truly 2D crystal and the recent experimental observation of ripples in freely hanging graphene makes these issues especially important. Beside the academic interest, understanding the mechanisms of stability of graphene is crucial for understanding electronic transport in this material that is attracting so much interest for its unusual Dirac spectrum and electronic properties. Here we address the nature of these height fluctuations by means of straightforward atomistic Monte Carlo simulations based on a very accurate many-body interatomic potential for carbon. We find that ripples spontaneously appear due to thermal fluctuations with a size distribution peaked around 70 Åwhich is compatible with experimental findings (50-100 Å) but not with the current understanding of stability of flexible membranes. This unexpected result seems to be due to the multiplicity of chemical bonding in carbon.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Core Mass Estimates in Strong Lensing Galaxy Clusters: a Comparison Between Masses Obtained from Detailed Lens Models, Single-Halo Lens Models, and Einstein Radii
Creators: name: González, J. D. Remolina
name: Sharon, K.
name: Mahler, G.
name: Fox, C.
name: Diaz, C. A. Garcia
name: Napier, K.
name: Bleem, L. E.
name: Gladders, M. D.
name: Li, N.
name: Niemiec, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The core mass of galaxy clusters is both an important anchor of the radial mass distribution profile and probe of structure formation. With thousands of strong lensing galaxy clusters being discovered by current and upcoming surveys, timely, efficient, and accurate core mass estimates are needed. We assess the results of two efficient methods to estimate the core mass of strong lensing clusters: the mass enclosed by the Einstein radius ($M_{corr}(
Evolution of pion HBT radii from RHIC to LHC -- Predictions from ideal hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Frodermann, Evan
name: Chatterjee, Rupa
name: Heinz, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present hydrodynamic predictions for the charged pion HBT radii for a range of initial conditions covering those presumably reached in Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC. We study central (b=0) and semi-central (b=7fm) collisions and show the expected increase of the HBT radii and their azimuthal oscillations. The predicted trends in the oscillation amplitudes reflect a change of the final source shape from out-of-plane to in-plane deformation as the initial entropy density is increased.
description: 6 pages, incl. 5 figures. Contribution to the CERN Theory Institute Workshop "Heavy Ion Collisions at the LHC -- Last Call for Predictions", CERN, 14 May - 8 June 2007, to appear in J. Phys. G
Counting and manipulating single electrons using a carbon nanotube transistor
Creators: name: Gruneis, An.
name: Esplandiu, M. J.
name: Garcia-Sanchez, D.
name: Bachtold, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the electric measurements of an individual Au nanoparticle with an ultra-high contact resistance of about $10^{19} Ω$. The high-impedance measurements have been carried out by counting the electrons that are transferred onto the particle. In order to do this, a carbon nanotube is used as the electrode for the supply of electrons but also as the detector of the charge transfer. Measurements using single-electron detection allow us to determine the separation between the electron states in the Au nanoparticle, which is about 4 meV, consistent with the charging energy of the particle. Single-electron detection with nanotubes offers great promise for the study of electron transfer in highly resistive molecular systems.
description: 4 figures
The $\ell^2$-homology of even Coxeter groups
Creators: name: Schroeder, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a Coxeter system (W,S), there is an associated CW-complex, Sigma, on which W acts properly and cocompactly. We prove that when the nerve L of (W,S) is a flag triangulation of the 3-sphere, then the reduced $\ell^2$-homology of Sigma vanishes in all but the middle dimension.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
New Look at the Molecular Superbubble Candidate in the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Tsujimoto, Shiho
name: Oka, Tomoharu
name: Takekawa, Shunya
name: Iwata, Yuhei
name: Uruno, Asaka
name: Yokozuka, Hiroki
name: Nakagawara, Ryosuke
name: Watanabe, Yuto
name: Kawakami, Akira
name: Nishiyama, Sonomi
name: Kaneko, Miyuki
name: Kanno, Shoko
name: Ogawa, Takuma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $l\!=\!+1.\!\!^\circ3$ region in the Galactic center is characterized by multiple shell-like structures and their extremely broad velocity widths. We revisit the molecular superbubble hypothesis for this region, based on high resolution maps of CO {\it J}=1--0, $^{13}$CO {\it J}=1--0, H$^{13}$CN {\it J}=1--0, H$^{13}$CO$^{+}$ {\it J}=1--0, SiO {\it J}=2--1, and CS {\it J}=2--1 lines obtained from the Nobeyama radio observatory 45-m telescope, as well as CO {\it J}=3--2 maps obtained from the James Clerk Maxwell telescope. We identified eleven expanding shells with total kinetic energy and typical expansion time $E_{\rm kin}\!\sim\! 10^{51.9}$ erg and $t_{\rm exp}\!\sim\! 10^{4.9}$ yr, respectively. In addition, the $l\!=\!+1.\!\!^\circ3$ region exhibited high SiO {\it J}=2--1/H$^{13}$CN {\it J}=1--0 and SiO {\it J}=2--1/H$^{13}$CO$^{+}$ {\it J}=1--0 intensity ratios, indicating that the region has experienced dissociative shocks in the past. These new findings confirm the molecular superbubble hypothesis for the $l\!=\!+1.\!\!^\circ3$ region. The nature of the embedded star cluster, which may have supplied 20--70 supernova explosions within 10$^5$ yr, is discussed. This work also show the importance of compact broad-velocity-width features in searching for localized energy sources hidden behind severe interstellar extinction and stellar contamination.
The complete catalogue of gamma-ray bursts observed by the Wide Field Cameras on board BeppoSAX
Creators: name: Vetere, L.
name: Soffitta, P.
name: Massaro, E.
name: Giommi, P.
name: Costa, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the complete on-line catalogue of gamma-ray bursts observed by the two Wide Field Cameras on board \sax in the period 1996-2002. Our aim is to provide the community with the largest published data set of GRB's prompt emission X-ray light curves and other useful data. This catalogue (BS-GRBWFCcat) contains data on 77 bursts and a collection of the X-ray light curves of 56 GRB discovered or noticed shortly after the event and of other additional bursts detected in subsequent searches. Light curves are given in the three X-ray energy bands (2-5, 5-10, 10-26 keV). The catalogue can be accessed from the home web page of the ASI Science Data Center-ASDC (http://www.asdc.asi.it)
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Dimensionally hybrid Green's functions and density of states for interfaces
Creators: name: Dick, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy dependent Green's function for an interface Hamiltonian which interpolates between two and three dimensions can be calculated explicitly. This yields an expression for the density of states on the interface which interpolates continuously between the two-dimensional behavior for high energies and the three-dimensional behavior for low energies.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, the Green's function in v2 can also propagate perturbations which are located on and off the interface, while the Green's function in v1 could only propagate perturbations which are located on the interface
Film Thickness Changes in EHD Sliding Contacts Lubricated by a Fatty Alcohol
Creators: name: Yagi, Kazuyuki
name: Vergne, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the appearance of abnormal film thickness features formed in elastohydrodynamic contacts lubricated by a fatty alcohol. Experiments were conducted by varying the slide to roll ratio between a steel ball and a glass disk in a ball-on-disk type device. Lauric alcohol was used as lubricant and film thickness was measured in the contact area by optical interferometry. Experimental results showed that the film thickness distributions under pure rolling conditions remained classical whereas the film shape changed when the slide to roll ratio was increased. The thickness in the central contact area increased and in the same time inlet and exit film thicknesses were modified. In addition, the film shapes observed when the ball surface was moving faster than the disk one and those obtained in the opposite case were different, i.e. when opposite signs but equal absolute values of the slide to roll ratio were applied.
A unified shear-thinning treatment of both film thickness and traction in EHD
Creators: name: Bair, Scott
name: Vergne, Philippe
name: Querry, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A conclusive demonstration has been provided that the nature of the shear-thinning, that affects both film thickness and traction in EHL contacts, follows the ordinary power-law rule that has been described by many empirical models of which Carreau is but one example. This was accomplished by accurate measurements in viscometers of the shear response of a PAO that possesses a very low critical stress for shear-thinning and accurate measurements in-contact of film thickness and traction under conditions which accentuate the shear-thinning effect. The in-contact central film thickness and traction were entirely predictable from the rheological properties obtained from viscometers using simple calculations. These data should be invaluable to researchers endeavoring to accurately simulate Hertz zone behavior since the shear-thinning rheology is extensively characterized and accurate in-contact data are available to test. In addition, a new model has been introduced that may be useful for the rheological characterization of mixtures.
Proof of concept of a fast surrogate model of the VMEC code via neural networks in Wendelstein 7-X scenarios
Creators: name: Merlo, Andrea
name: Böckenhoff, Daniel
name: Schilling, Jonathan
name: Höfel, Udo
name: Kwak, Sehyun
name: Svensson, Jakob
name: Pavone, Andrea
name: Lazerson, Samuel Aaron
name: Pedersen, Thomas Sunn
name: Team, W7-X
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In magnetic confinement fusion research, the achievement of high plasma pressure is key to reaching the goal of net energy production. The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model is used to self-consistently calculate the effects the plasma pressure induces on the magnetic field used to confine the plasma. Such MHD calculations serve as input for the assessment of a number of important physics questions. The VMEC code is the most widely used to evaluate 3D ideal-MHD equilibria, as prominently present in stellarators. However, considering the computational cost, it is rarely used in large-scale or online applications. Access to fast MHD equilbria is a challenging problem in fusion research, one which machine learning could effectively address. In this paper, we present artificial neural network (NN) models able to quickly compute the equilibrium magnetic field of W7-X. Magnetic configurations that extensively cover the device operational space, and plasma profiles with volume averaged normalized plasma pressure $\langle β\rangle$ ($β$ = $\frac{2 μ_0 p}{B^2}$) up to 5% and non-zero net toroidal current are included in the data set. By using convolutional layers, the spectral representation of the magnetic flux surfaces can be efficiently computed with a single network. To discover better models, a Bayesian hyper-parameter search is carried out, and 3D convolutional neural networks are found to outperform feed-forward fully-connected neural networks. The achieved normalized root-mean-squared error ranges from 1% to 20% across the different scenarios. The model inference time for a single equilibrium is on the order of milliseconds. Finally, this work shows the feasibility of a fast NN drop-in surrogate model for VMEC, and it opens up new operational scenarios where target applications could make use of magnetic equilibria at unprecedented scales.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication to Nuclear Fusion
Four-Loop Collinear Anomalous Dimension in N = 4 Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Cachazo, Freddy
name: Spradlin, Marcus
name: Volovich, Anastasia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a calculation in N = 4 Yang-Mills of the four-loop term g^4 in the collinear anomalous dimension g(lambda) which governs the universal subleading infrared structure of gluon scattering amplitudes. Using the method of obstructions to extract this quantity from the 1/epsilon singularity in the four-gluon iterative relation at four loops, we find g^4 = -1240.9 with an estimated numerical uncertainty of 0.02%. We also analyze the implication of our result for the strong coupling behavior of g(lambda), finding support for the string theory prediction computed recently by Alday and Maldacena using AdS/CFT.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Mining Latent Structures for Multimedia Recommendation
Creators: name: Zhang, Jinghao
name: Zhu, Yanqiao
name: Liu, Qiang
name: Wu, Shu
name: Wang, Shuhui
name: Wang, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimedia content is of predominance in the modern Web era. Investigating how users interact with multimodal items is a continuing concern within the rapid development of recommender systems. The majority of previous work focuses on modeling user-item interactions with multimodal features included as side information. However, this scheme is not well-designed for multimedia recommendation. Specifically, only collaborative item-item relationships are implicitly modeled through high-order item-user-item relations. Considering that items are associated with rich contents in multiple modalities, we argue that the latent semantic item-item structures underlying these multimodal contents could be beneficial for learning better item representations and further boosting recommendation. To this end, we propose a LATent sTructure mining method for multImodal reCommEndation, which we term LATTICE for brevity. To be specific, in the proposed LATTICE model, we devise a novel modality-aware structure learning layer, which learns item-item structures for each modality and aggregates multiple modalities to obtain latent item graphs. Based on the learned latent graphs, we perform graph convolutions to explicitly inject high-order item affinities into item representations. These enriched item representations can then be plugged into existing collaborative filtering methods to make more accurate recommendations. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate the superiority of our method over state-of-the-art multimedia recommendation methods and validate the efficacy of mining latent item-item relationships from multimodal features.
description: Accepted to ACM Multimedia 2021. Authors' version
Super Low Traction under EHD and Mixed Lubrication Regimes
Creators: name: Vergne, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After the pioneered experimental works on superlubricity by Martin et al. on MoS2 [1], Hirano et al. on tungsten and silicon [2] and the further confirmation by Dienwiebel et al. on graphite [3], many groups around the word investigated the occurrence of near frictionless sliding contacts. This large mobilization of tribologists, material sciences specialists and physicists has lead to emerging solutions involving new materials and coatings, the most promising being carbon based like graphite, diamond, carbon composites or diamond-like-carbons. Some of them are currently used in practical applications. The situation is different especially in EHL: the highest friction coefficients are close to 10% when traction fluids are involved, i.e. fluids that have especially designed to transmit the highest friction, and they vary within 3-6% for the rest of lubricants. The range of variation is consequently very narrow and these typical values are really low compared to those obtained in dry contacts: as a consequence the gain expected from a super low traction regime in lubrication will be probably more limited, especially in the case of experiments conducted at the meso or macro scales. This weak perspective could be one explanation on the relatively low number of articles in recent literature dealing with lubricated superlubricity in the above conditions.
The genus of a group
Creators: name: Medalen, David Norman
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This article is a survey of the two definitions of the genus of a finite group that are prominent in the mathematical literature. We call them the Cayley genus and the Burnside genus of a group, but we do not intend to suggest that either mathematician was responsible for the original definitions. Each definition gives a scheme for classifying finite groups by topological criteria. The Cayley genus is determined by embedding a certain graph for the group in a surface of least possible genus. The genus of this surface is then defined as the Cayley genus of the group. The Burnside genus of a group is determined by showing that the group is isomorphic to a group of conformal homeomorphisms of a surface of finite genus, and is not isomorphic to such a group for any surface of lesser genus. The genus of the surface is defined to be the Burnside genus of the group. This paper tries to present a broad mathematical background for each definition of group genus. We attempt to show most of the ideas and methods employed in the research, and most of the significant known theory and results. Proofs are sporadically included, but only to convey a sense of the nature of the research.
Anharmonic phonon-phonon scattering at interface by non-equilibrium Green's function formalism
Creators: name: Guo, Yangyu
name: Zhang, Zhongwei
name: Bescond, Marc
name: Xiong, Shiyun
name: Nomura, Masahiro
name: Volz, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The understanding and modeling of inelastic scattering of thermal phonons at a solid/solid interface remain an open question. We present a fully quantum theoretical scheme to quantify the effect of anharmonic phonon-phonon scattering at an interface via non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism. Based on the real-space scattering rate matrix, a decomposition of the interfacial spectral energy exchange is made into contributions from local and non-local anharmonic interactions, of which the former is shown to be predominant for high-frequency phonons whereas both are important for low-frequency phonons. The anharmonic decay of interfacial phonon modes is revealed to play a crucial role in bridging the bulk modes across the interface. The overall quantitative contribution of anharmonicity to thermal boundary conductance is found to be moderate. The present work promotes a deeper understanding of heat transport at the interface and an intuitive interpretation of anharmonic phonon NEGF formalism.
Phenomenology with Massive Neutrinos
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
name: Maltoni, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current status and some perspectives of the phenomenology of massive neutrinos is reviewed. We start with the phenomenology of neutrino oscillations in vacuum and in matter. We summarize the results of neutrino experiments using solar, atmospheric, reactor and accelerator neutrino beams. We update the leptonic parameters derived from the three-neutrino oscillation interpretation of this data. We describe the method and present results on our understanding of the solar and atmospheric neutrino fluxes by direct extraction from the corresponding neutrino event rates. We present some tests of different forms of new physics which induce new sources of leptonic flavor transitions in vacuum and in matter which can be performed with the present neutrino data. The aim and potential of future neutrino experiments and facilities to further advance in these fronts is also briefly summarized. Last, the implications of the LSND observations are discussed, and the status of extended models which could accommodate all flavor-mixing signals is presented in the light of the recent results from MiniBooNE.
description: 204 pages, 57 figures. All results updated with the new MINOS, KamLAND and Borexino data. Three new sections added: nu magnetic moment, nu decay, two sterile nu's. Many sections and bibliography expanded. Analysis fully updated as of Fall 2007; for more recent results check http://dark.ft.uam.es/~maltoni/neutrino/
A calculation of the shear viscosity in SU(3) gluodynamics
Creators: name: Meyer, Harvey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a lattice Monte-Carlo calculation of the two-point functions of the energy-momentum tensor at finite temperature in the SU(3) gauge theory. Unprecedented precision is obtained thanks to a multi-level algorithm. The lattice operators are renormalized non-perturbatively and the classical discretization errors affecting the correlators are corrected for. A robust upper bound for the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio is derived, eta/s < 1.0, and our best estimate is eta/s = 0.134(33) at T=1.65Tc under the assumption of smoothness of the spectral function in the low-frequency region.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Radiation hydrodynamics simulations of massive star cluster formation in giant molecular clouds
Creators: name: Fukushima, Hajime
name: Yajima, Hidenobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By performing three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations, we study the formation of young massive star clusters (YMCs, $M_{*}>10^4~M_{\odot}$) in clouds with the surface density ranging from $Σ_{\rm cl} = 80$ to $3200~M_{\odot}\;{\rm pc^{-2}}$. We find that photoionization feedback suppresses star formation significantly in clouds with low surface density. Once the initial surface density exceeds $\sim 100~M_{\odot}\;{\rm pc^{-2}}$ for clouds with $M_{\rm cl}=10^{6}~M_{\odot}$ and $Z= Z_{\odot}$, most of the gas is converted into stars because the photoionization feedback is inefficient in deep gravitational potential. In this case, the star clusters are massive and gravitationally bounded as YMCs. The transition surface density increases as metallicity decreases, and it is $\sim 350~M_{\odot}\;{\rm pc^{-2}}$ for $Z=10^{-2}~Z_{\odot}$. We show that more than 10 percent of star-formation efficiency (SFE) is needed to keep a star cluster gravitationally bounded even after the disruption of a cloud. Also, we develop a semi-analytical model reproducing the SFEs obtained in our simulations. We find that the SFEs are fit with a power-law function with the dependency $\propto Σ_{\rm cl}^{1/2}$ for low-surface density and rapidly increases at the transition surface densities. The conditions of the surface density and the metallicity match recent observations of giant molecular clouds forming YMCs in nearby galaxies.
description: 28 pages, 28 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2020): Special Tribute to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton (Part Two)
title: Special Tribute to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton (Part Two)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Health, The
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2020

description: This is part two of the special series dedicated to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton.
description: A Tribute to Cheryl and Jack Taunton ...37-38 A Personal Reflection of a Textbook Mentor: Dr. Jack Taunton...35-36 A Helping Hand When I Needed it Most...33-34 Tribute to Jack and Cheryl Taunton...30-32 Tribute to Cheryl and Jack Taunton...29 Tribute: Dr. Jack Taunton and Cheryl Taunton...26-28 Going that Extra Mile ...24-25 Tribute to Sports and Exercise Medicine’s Iconic Couple Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton: A Personal Perspective...21-23 My Tribute to Jack Taunton: Celebrating Four Decades of Friendship...19-20 Jack Taunton: Mentor, Colleague, Friend ...17-18 A Tribute to Dr. Jack Taunton...16 Passing the Torch...13-15 Jack and Cheryl: Dynamic Team...11-12 In Appreciation of Cheryl and Jack Taunton: Role Models and Mentors ...8-10 The Legacy of Cheryl and Jack Taunton in Sports and Exercise Medicine: Pioneers, Mentors, and Friends...3-7
A flexible and scalable, fully software-based lock-in amplifier for nonlinear spectroscopy
Creators: name: Uhl, Daniel
name: Bruder, Lukas
name: Stienkemeier, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a cost-effective, fully software-based lock-in amplifier (LIA) implemented on a commercial computer. The device is designed for application in nonlinear spectroscopy, such as transient absorption and coherent multidi-mensional spectroscopy, but may be also used in any other application. The performance of our device is compared to a state-of-the-art commercial LIA with nearly identical results for both devices. Advantages of our device over commercial hardwired electronic lock-in amplifiers is the improved flexibility in the data analysis and the possibility of arbitrary up-scaling of the number of LIA channels.
title: ผลการจัดอบรมเชิงรุกเพื่อพัฒนาองค์ความรู้ด้านจิตวิทยาการศึกษาและทักษะการให้คําปรึกษา สําหรับครูในสังกัดสํานักงานส่งเสริมการเรียนรู้จังหวัดพะเยา
Creators: name: ลําไย สีหามาตย์
Publisher: name: Faculty of Educational, Loei Rajabhat University
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: Active Training
Develop Knowledge
Educational Psychology
Counseling Skills

description: Journal of Educational Loei Rajabhat University, 18, 2, 1-12
A Catalog of Diffuse X-ray-Emitting Features within 20 pc of Sgr A*: Twenty Pulsar Wind Nebulae?
Creators: name: Muno, M. P.
name: Baganoff, F. K.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Morris, M. R.
name: Starck, J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a catalog of 34 diffuse features identified in X-ray images of the Galactic center taken with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Several of the features have been discussed in the literature previously, including 7 that are associated with a complex of molecular clouds that exhibits fluorescent line emission, 4 that are superimposed on the supernova remnant Sgr A East, 2 that are coincident with radio features that are thought to be the shell of another supernova remnant, and one that is thought to be a pulsar wind nebula only a few arcseconds in projection from Sgr A*. However, this leaves 20 features that have not been reported previously. Based on the weakness of iron emission in their spectra, we propose that most of them are non-thermal. One long, narrow feature points toward Sgr A*, and so we propose that this feature is a jet of synchrotron-emitting particles ejected from the supermassive black hole. For the others, we show that their sizes (0.1-2 pc in length for D=8 kpc), X-ray luminosities (between 10^32 and 10^34 erg/s, 2-8 keV), and spectra (power laws with Gamma=1-3) are consistent with those of pulsar wind nebulae. Based on the star formation rate at the Galactic center, we expect that ~20 pulsars have formed in the last 300 kyr, and could be producing pulsar wind nebulae. Only one of the 19 candidate pulsar wind nebulae is securely detected in an archival radio image of the Galactic center; the remainder have upper limits corresponding to L_R
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, 5 in color. Submitted to ApJ
Analytical asymptotics for hard diffraction
Creators: name: Le, Anh Dung
name: Mueller, Alfred H.
name: Munier, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the cross section for diffractive dissociation of a small onium off a large nucleus at total rapidity $Y$ and requiring a minimum rapidity gap $Y_{\text{gap}}$ can be identified, in a well-defined parametric limit, with a simple classical observable on the stochastic process representing the evolution of the state of the onium, as its rapidity increases, in the form of color dipole branchings: It formally coincides with twice the probability that an even number of these dipoles effectively participate in the scattering, when viewed in a frame in which the onium is evolved to the rapidity $Y-Y_{\text{gap}}$. Consequently, finding asymptotic solutions to the Kovchegov-Levin equation, which rules the $Y$-dependence of the diffractive cross section, boils down to solving a probabilistic problem. Such a formulation authorizes the derivation of a parameter-free analytical expression for the gap distribution. Interestingly enough, events in which many dipoles interact simultaneously play an important role, since the distribution of the number $k$ of dipoles participating in the interaction turns out to be proportional to $1/[k(k-1)]$.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures
A Tribute to Cheryl and Jack Taunton
Creators: name: Lloyd-Smith, Rob
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2021

description: Team Taunton has had and continues to have a major positive influence in sport and exercise medicine.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2020): Special Tribute to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton (Part Two)
A Way to Dynamically Overcome the Cosmological Constant Problem
Creators: name: Comelli, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cosmological Constant problem can be solved once we require that the full standard Einstein Hilbert lagrangian, gravity plus matter, is multiplied by a total derivative. We analyze such a picture writing the total derivative as the covariant gradient of a new vector field (b_mu). The dynamics of this b_mu field can play a key role in the explanation of the present cosmological acceleration of the Universe.
description: 5 pages
A Personal Reflection of a Textbook Mentor: Dr. Jack Taunton
Creators: name: Held, Nick
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2021

description: The journey of graduate school involves undulating successes and setbacks. For every successful research project, publication, and graduation, there is a strong supportive group guiding the student. This article highlights the significant role that Dr. Jack Taunton had in the professional and academic development of one of his trainees.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2020): Special Tribute to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton (Part Two)
WGCN: Graph Convolutional Networks with Weighted Structural Features
Creators: name: Zhao, Yunxiang
name: Qi, Jianzhong
name: Liu, Qingwei
name: Zhang, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph structural information such as topologies or connectivities provides valuable guidance for graph convolutional networks (GCNs) to learn nodes' representations. Existing GCN models that capture nodes' structural information weight in- and out-neighbors equally or differentiate in- and out-neighbors globally without considering nodes' local topologies. We observe that in- and out-neighbors contribute differently for nodes with different local topologies. To explore the directional structural information for different nodes, we propose a GCN model with weighted structural features, named WGCN. WGCN first captures nodes' structural fingerprints via a direction and degree aware Random Walk with Restart algorithm, where the walk is guided by both edge direction and nodes' in- and out-degrees. Then, the interactions between nodes' structural fingerprints are used as the weighted node structural features. To further capture nodes' high-order dependencies and graph geometry, WGCN embeds graphs into a latent space to obtain nodes' latent neighbors and geometrical relationships. Based on nodes' geometrical relationships in the latent space, WGCN differentiates latent, in-, and out-neighbors with an attention-based geometrical aggregation. Experiments on transductive node classification tasks show that WGCN outperforms the baseline models consistently by up to 17.07% in terms of accuracy on five benchmark datasets.
The Transit Light Curve Project. VII. The Not-So-Bloated Exoplanet HAT-P-1b
Creators: name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Holman, Matthew J.
name: Bakos, Gaspar A.
name: Pal, Andras
name: Johnson, John Asher
name: Williams, Peter K. G.
name: Shporer, Avi
name: Mazeh, Tsevi
name: Fernandez, Jose
name: Latham, David W.
name: Gillon, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photometry of the G0 star HAT-P-1 during six transits of its close-in giant planet, and we refine the estimates of the system parameters. Relative to Jupiter's properties, HAT-P-1b is 1.20 +/- 0.05 times larger and its surface gravity is 2.7 +/- 0.2 times weaker. Although it remains the case that HAT-P-1b is among the least dense of the known sample of transiting exoplanets, its properties are in accord with previously published models of strongly irradiated, coreless, solar-composition giant planets. The times of the transits have a typical accuracy of 1 min and do not depart significantly from a constant period.
description: To appear in AJ [19pg, 3 figures]. New co-author added. Minor revisions to match published version
Grace Hospital computer simulation model
Creators: name: Steiner, Stefan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A simulation model, written in GPSS/H, was created to study utilization of Grace Hospital, a special-purpose maternity hospital. The model assumes that a patient's transfers and length of stay depend only on her present location and classification, and not on any past history. The model includes a sophisticated overflow policy, and allows the factors used to govern a patient's transfers and length of stay to depend on her treatment stage. Also, to more accurately simulate the mid-morning peak load in the hospital, the length of stay in Postpartum depends on a patient's arrival time in Postpartum. The average census, and the number of patient-days spent in inappropriate units or lost due to overcrowding are determined for several future scenarios. It was concluded that Grace is running very close to capacity, and must continue to limit the number of admissions allowed. In addition, an early discharge program was shown to be very effective in alleviating the overcrowding.
Interstitial Fractionalization and Spherical Crystallography
Creators: name: Bowick, Mark J.
name: Nelson, David R.
name: Shin, Homin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finding the ground states of identical particles packed on spheres has relevance for stabilizing emulsions and a venerable history in the literature of theoretical physics and mathematics. Theory and experiment have confirmed that defects such as disclinations and dislocations are an intrinsic part of the ground state. Here we discuss the remarkable behavior of vacancies and interstitials in spherical crystals. The strain fields of isolated disclinations forced in by the spherical topology literally rip interstitials and vacancies apart, typically into dislocation fragments that combine with the disclinations to create small grain boundary scars. The fractionation is often into three charge-neutral dislocations, although dislocation pairs can be created as well. We use a powerful, freely available computer program to explore interstitial fractionalization in some detail, for a variety of power law pair potentials. We investigate the dependence on initial conditions and the final state energies, and compare the position dependence of interstitial energies with the predictions of continuum elastic theory on the sphere. The theory predicts that, before fragmentation, interstitials are repelled from 5-fold disclinations and vacancies are attracted. We also use vacancies and interstitials to study low energy states in the vicinity of "magic numbers" that accommodate regular icosadeltahedral tessellations.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
A Helping Hand When I Needed it Most
Creators: name: Koehle, Michael
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2021

description: Dr. Jack Taunton is an internationally recognized pioneer of Sport and Exercise Medicine in Canada. Despite his legendary status, Jack is a kind, genuine person with a heart of gold. This brief memory illustrates the sincere humanity that he brings to all that he does.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2020): Special Tribute to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton (Part Two)
Tribute to Jack and Cheryl Taunton
Creators: name: Jackson, Sally
name: Jackson, Ross
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2021

description: This article reflects the close and long-term friendship between Canadians, Cheryl and Jack Taunton, and Kiwis, Sally and Ross Jackson, with its beginnings based on running. The article includes shared memories and celebrates the mutual contribution of Cheryl and Jack to their professional success.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2020): Special Tribute to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton (Part Two)
Dispersive, superfluid-like shock waves in nonlinear optics
Creators: name: Wan, Wenjie
name: Jia, Shu
name: Fleischer, Jason W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In most classical fluids, shock waves are strongly dissipative, their energy being quickly lost through viscous damping. But in systems such as cold plasmas, superfluids, and Bose-Einstein condensates, where viscosity is negligible or non-existent, a fundamentally different type of shock wave can emerge whose behaviour is dominated by dispersion rather than dissipation. Dispersive shock waves are difficult to study experimentally, and analytical solutions to the equations that govern them have only been found in one dimension (1D). By exploiting a well-known, but little appreciated, correspondence between the behaviour of superfluids and nonlinear optical materials, we demonstrate an all-optical experimental platform for studying the dynamics of dispersive shock waves. This enables us to observe the propagation and nonlinear response of dispersive shock waves, including the interaction of colliding shock waves, in 1D and 2D. Our system offers a versatile and more accessible means for exploring superfluid-like and related dispersive phenomena.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures Revised abstract
Tribute to Cheryl and Jack Taunton
Creators: name: Hansen, Bradley
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2021

description: Over the past 30 years, I have developed specific skills in training development and performance management with a wide variety of technical specializations related to respiratory research, bio-engineering exercise, and human performance. I had the honour of working with Dr. Jack Taunton during the Americas Masters Games and reflect back on this experience with great pride.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2020): Special Tribute to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton (Part Two)
Dispersive shock waves with nonlocal nonlinearity
Creators: name: Barsi, Christopher
name: Wan, Wenjie
name: Sun, Can
name: Fleischer, Jason W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider dispersive optical shock waves in nonlocal nonlinear media. Experiments are performed using spatial beams in a thermal liquid cell, and results agree with a hydrodynamic theory of propagation.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures 2 added references on p. 4
Tribute: Dr. Jack Taunton and Cheryl Taunton
Creators: name: O'Brien, Colin
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2021

description: Jack Taunton has spent his adult life working in sports medicine and administration, event organization, and fundraising. With his wife, Cheryl always by his side, lifelong success and achievements have not changed him. He remains humble, always helpful, and a true friend
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2020): Special Tribute to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton (Part Two)
Going that Extra Mile
Creators: name: Wright, Thelma
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2021

description: Dr. Jack Taunton’s diligence and total commitment allowed a young athlete to pursue his Olympic dream.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2020): Special Tribute to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton (Part Two)
Tribute to Sports and Exercise Medicine’s Iconic Couple Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton: A Personal Perspective
Creators: name: Celebrini, Richard
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2021

description: This article briefly describes the unique teamwork and profound impact that Dr. Jack Taunton and his wife, Cheryl, have had on sport, sports and exercise medicine, and exercise science in Canada. It also emphasizes the incredibly positive influence their contributions have had on a diverse group of people.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2020): Special Tribute to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton (Part Two)
My Tribute to Jack Taunton: Celebrating Four Decades of Friendship
Creators: name: Hansen, Rick
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2021

description: Rick Hansen, Founder of the Rick Hansen Foundation, on the incredible impact that Dr. Jack Taunton has made on his life’s journey. His tribute spans four decades of friendship.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2020): Special Tribute to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton (Part Two)
Non-Hermitian topological end breathers
Creators: name: Lang, Li-Jun
name: Zhu, Shi-Liang
name: Chong, Y. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinearities in lattices with topologically nontrivial band structures can give rise to topological solitons, whose properties differ from both conventional lattice solitons and linear topological boundary states. We show that a Su-Schrieffer-Heeger-type lattice with both nonlinearity and nonreciprocal non-Hermiticity hosts a novel oscillatory soliton, which we call a topological end breather. The end breather is strongly localized to a self-induced topological domain near the end of the lattice, in sharp contrast to the extended topological solitons previously found in one-dimensional lattices. Its stable oscillatory dynamics can be interpreted as a Rabi oscillation between two self-induced topological boundary states, emerging from a combination of chiral lattice symmetry and the non-Hermitian skin effect. This demonstrates that non-Hermitian effects can give rise to a wider variety of topological solitons than was previously known to exist.
description: 6+4 pages, 3+3 figures, version to appear in PRB as a Letter
Jack Taunton: Mentor, Colleague, Friend
Creators: name: Babul, Shelina
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2021

description: Jack Taunton's dedication to sports medicine has not gone unnoticed. His accolades and achievements speak volumes and his unwavering dedication to teaching and mentorship has had a profound effect on many individuals that have crossed his path. I, for one, am honored to call him my mentor, colleague, and friend!
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2020): Special Tribute to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton (Part Two)
Effects of accelerating growth on the evolution of weighted complex networks
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhongzhi
name: Fang, Lujun
name: Zhou, Shuigeng
name: Guan, Jihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many real systems possess accelerating statistics where the total number of edges grows faster than the network size. In this paper, we propose a simple weighted network model with accelerating growth. We derive analytical expressions for the evolutions and distributions for strength, degree, and weight, which are relevant to accelerating growth. We also find that accelerating growth determines the clustering coefficient of the networks. Interestingly, the distributions for strength, degree, and weight display a transition from scale-free to exponential form when the parameter with respect to accelerating growth increases from a small to large value. All the theoretical predictions are successfully contrasted with extensive numerical simulations.
description: Final version accepted for publication in Physica A