cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chrysso trimaculata Zhu, Zhang & Xu 1991
Creators: name: Gao, Cai-Xia
name: Li, Shu-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Theridiidae
Chrysso
Chrysso trimaculata

description: Chrysso trimaculata Zhu, Zhang & Xu, 1991 Chrysso trimaculata Zhu et al., 1991: 174, figs 8–12; Zhu, 1998: 58, figs 31A–F; Song et al., 1999: 107, figs 50F–G, O–P. Material examined. China, Yunnan, 1♂, Xishuangbanna, Menglun Nature Reserve, secondary tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest (21º57.784'N, 101º11.947'E), 6 June 2007, Guo Zheng leg. Distribution. China (Fujian, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Taiwan, Yunnan).
description: Published as part of Gao, Cai-Xia & Li, Shu-Qiang, 2014, Comb-footed spiders (Araneae: Theridiidae) in the tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna, Southwest China, pp. 1-135 in Zoological Systematics 39 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11865/zs20140101, http://zenodo.org/record/7475365
CTD2022: Jet Flavor Tagging Using Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Kakati, Nilotpal
name: Van Stroud, Samuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Flavor tagging, the identification of jets originating from b and c quarks, is a critical component of the physics program of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Current flavor tagging algorithms rely on the outputs of "low level" taggers, which focus on particular approaches for identifying the experimental signature of heavy flavor jets. These low level taggers are a mixture of handcrafted algorithms and trained machine learning models. A new approach currently under development aims to replace this process with a single machine learning model which can be trained end-to-end and does not require inputs from any existing low level taggers, leading to a reduced overall complexity of the model. The model uses a custom Graph Neural Network (GNN) architecture to combine information from a variable number of tracks within a jet in order to simultaneously predict the flavor of the jet, the partitioning of tracks in the jet into vertices, and information about the decay chain which produced tracks in the jet. These auxiliary training tasks are shown to improve performance, but importantly also increase the explainability of the model. This approach compares favourably with existing state of the art methods, and has the potential to significantly improve performance in cases where the current low level tagging algorithms are not optimally tuned, for example c-jet identification, and flavor tagging at high transverse momentum. Due to significantly reduced need for manual optimisation, application of this method could lead to improved performance with significantly reduced person power. The model is also being investigated for uses extending beyond standard b- and c-tagging applications, for example Xbb tagging, and the reconstruction of displaced decays for LLP searches.
Interdiffusion in epitaxial ultrathin Co2FeAl/MgO heterostructures with interface-induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
Creators: name: Wen, Zhenchao
name: Hadorn, Jason Paul
name: Okabayashi, Jun
name: Sukegawa, Hiroaki
name: Ohkubo, Tadakatsu
name: Inomata, Koichiro
name: Mitani, Seiji
name: Hono, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structures of epitaxial ultrathin Co2FeAl/MgO(001) heterostructures relating to the interface-induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) were investigated using scanning transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. We found that Al atoms from the Co2FeAl layer significantly interdiffuse into MgO, forming an Al-deficient Co-Fe-Al/Mg-Al-O structure near the Co2FeAl/MgO interface. This atomic replacement may play an additional role for enhancing PMA, which is consistent with the observed large perpendicular orbital magnetic moments of Fe atoms at the interface. This work suggests that control of interdiffusion at ferromanget/barrier interfaces is critical for designing an interface-induced PMA system.
description: 5 figures
Quantum key distribution without the wavefunction
Creators: name: Niestegge, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A well-known feature of quantum mechanics is the secure exchange of secret bit strings which can then be used as keys to encrypt messages transmitted over any classical communication channel. It is demonstrated that this quantum key distribution allows a much more general and abstract access than commonly thought. The results include some generalizations for the Hilbert space version of quantum key distribution,but base upon a general non-classical extension of conditional probability. A special state-independent conditional probability is identified as origin of the superior security of quantum key distribution and may have more profound implications for the foundations and interpretation of quantum mechanics,quantum information theory, and the philosophical question what actually constitutes physical reality.
description: 16 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1502.02151
Performing cultural identities and transnational ‘imaginaries’: fashion and beauty practices as diasporic spaces among young London Congolese
Creators: name: Morsiani, Benedetta
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2019

description: This thesis critically examines a range of transnational fashion and beauty practices as narrative spaces employed by young London Congolese to embody their individual and collective racial, ethnic and gender identities. It investigates how they re-think and narrate their cultural heritage through forms of body performances and how these are shaped by the multicultural context of London. The ways in which these cultural practices are received by the Congolese group as well as by members of different communities are also assessed. The study documents the production and consumption of body performances as a new archive of primary source material, scrutinizing the cultural and economic contribution that young Congolese make to the “super-diverse” (2007) matrix of the city, and considers in particular their status as a “minority within minority” (Pachi et al., 2010). In so doing, the research adds a new perspective to the existing knowledge on the Congolese diasporic presence in London as well as providing a framework for a comparative study of other diasporic groups. “Multi-sited ethnography” (Marcus, 1995) is applied as the principal qualitative analytical approach to collect and examine data which emerged organically from the field. The notion of the performance of cultural identities in everyday life and of ritual experiences is combined with this approach as the secondary theoretical underpinning. In addition, a multidisciplinary framework is used specifically to inform the body performances selected as exemplary case studies. Conceptions of race, ethnicity, gender and transnationalism formulated by these multi-sited but localised “diaspora spaces” (Brah, 1996) are therefore analysed through a grounded and theoretical approach. The findings show that everyday experiences, cultural memories, storytelling and symbolism can be powerfully inscribed upon rituals of the body. Through fashion and beauty practices, young London Congolese actively fabricate their own narratives of migration and “traditional” forms of belonging to the homeland, while voicing alternative messages which move beyond conservative values, beliefs and costumes of older generations of Congolese and Black Africans in the diaspora. The performance of cultural identities figures as multiple, shifting and contradictory in the ways it both encapsulates the notion of “authenticity” and the display of global ways of being developed in multicultural London settings. This study, therefore, argues that fashion and beauty expressions of young London Congolese generate multi-layered meanings, not only resulting in the aesthetic, socio-cultural and symbolic representation of diasporic identity expressions and life histories, but also as valuable political and economic sites of agency, transformation, commodification and subversion.
Magnetothermoelectric effects in graphene and their dependence on scatterer concentration, magnetic field and band gap
Creators: name: Kundu, Arpan
name: Alrefae, Majed
name: Fisher, Timothy S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a semiclassical Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) approach, we derive analytical expressions for electric and thermoelectric transport coefficients of graphene in the presence and absence of a magnetic field. Scattering due to acoustic phonons, charged impurities and vacancies are considered in the model. Seebeck ($S_{xx}$) and Nernst ($N$) coefficients have been evaluated as functions of carrier density, temperature, scatterer concentration, magnetic field and induced band gap, and the results are compared with experimental data. $S_{xx}$ is an odd function of Fermi energy while $N$ is an even function, as observed in experiments. The peaks of both coefficients are found to increase with decreasing scatterer concentration and increasing temperature. Furthermore, opening a band gap decreases $N$ but increases $S_{xx}$. Applying a magnetic field introduces an asymmetry in the variation of $S_{xx}$ with Fermi energy across the Dirac point. The formalism is more accurate and computationally efficient than the conventional Green's function approach used to model transport coefficients and can be used to explore transport properties of other exotic materials.
Ring structural transitions in strongly coupled dusty plasmas
Creators: name: Dharodi, Vikram
name: Kostadinova, Evdokiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a numerical study of ring structural transitions in strongly coupled dusty plasma confined in a ring-shaped (quartic) potential well with a central barrier, whose axis of symmetry is parallel to the gravitational attraction. It is observed that increasing the amplitude of the potential leads to a transition from a ring monolayer structure (rings of different diameters nested within the same plane) to a cylindrical shell structure (rings of similar diameter aligned in parallel planes). In the cylindrical shell state, the rings alignment in the vertical plane exhibits hexagonal symmetry. The ring transition is reversible, but exhibits hysteresis in the initial and final particle positions. As the critical conditions for the transitions are approached, the transitional structure states exhibit zigzag instabilities or asymmetries on the ring alignment. Furthermore, for a fixed amplitude of the quartic potential that results in a cylinder-shaped shell structure, we show that additional rings in the cylindrical shell structure can be formed by decreasing the curvature of the parabolic potential well, whose axis of symmetry is perpendicular to the gravitational force, increasing the number density, and lowering the screening parameter. Finally, we discuss the application of these findings to dusty plasma experiments with ring electrodes and weak magnetic fields.
Vector-like Quarks at the Origin of Light Quark Masses and Mixing
Creators: name: Botella, Francisco J.
name: Branco, G. C.
name: Nebot, Miguel
name: Rebelo, M. N.
name: Silva-Marcos, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how a novel fine-tuning problem present in the Standard Model can be solved through the introduction of a single flavour symmetry G, together with three $Q = - 1/3$ quarks, three $Q = 2/3$ quarks, as well as a complex singlet scalar. The symmetry G is extended to the additional fields and it is an exact symmetry of the Lagrangian, only spontaneously broken by the vacuum. Specific examples are given and a phenomenological analysis of the main features of the model is presented. It is shown that even for vector-like quarks with masses accessible at the LHC, one can have realistic quark masses and mixing, while respecting the strict constraints on process arising from flavour changing neutral currents (FCNC). The vector-like quark decay channels are also described.
description: 25 pages, no figures
Persistency of Genuine Correlations Under Particle Loss
Creators: name: Paul, Biswajit
name: Mukherjee, Kaushiki
name: Sen, Ajoy
name: Sarkar, Debasis
name: Mukherjee, Amit
name: Roy, Arup
name: Bhattacharya, Some Sankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent work [\href{http://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.86.042113}{Phys. Rev. A 86, 042113 (2012)}] the question of persistency of entanglement and nonlocality of multi-party systems under particle loss has been addressed. This question is of immense importance considering the practical realization of the information theoretic tasks which make use of the power of quantum correlations. But in multipartite scenario more interesting cases arise since subsystems can also possess genuineness in correlation which is prevalently inequivalent to the bipartite scenario. In this work, we investigate the persistency of such genuine correlations under particle loss. Keeping in mind the practical importance, considerable attention has been devoted to find the multipartite states which exhibit maximal persistency of genuine correlations.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, revtex4, draft, comments welcome. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1006.0036, arXiv:1207.3986 by other authors
Two-Dimensional Group-IV Chalcogenide Si2Te2 film: A New Quantum Spin Hall Insulator with Sizable Band Gap
Creators: name: Zhang, Run-wu
name: Ji, Wei-xiao
name: Zhang, Chang-wen
name: Li, Ping
name: Wang, Pei-ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect is promising for achieving dissipationless transport devices due to the robust gapless states inside insulating bulk gap. Here, by using first-principles calculations, we discover group-IV chalcogenide Si2Te2 film to be a 2D QSH insulator with a fundamental band gap of 0.29 eV, which is tunable under external strain. This nontrivial topological phase stems from band inversion between the Si-px,y and Te-px,y orbitals, demonstrated by a single pair of topologically protected helical edge states with Dirac point locating in the bulk gap. Notably, the characteristic properties of edge states, such as the Fermi velocity and edge shape, can be tuned by edge modifications. Additionally, the h-BN semiconductor is an ideal substrate for experimental realization of 2D Si2Te2 film, without destroying its nontrivial topology. Our works open a new route for designing topological spintronics devices based on 2D silicon-based films.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Strangeness suppression in the unquenched quark model
Creators: name: Bijker, Roelof
name: Garcia-Tecocoatzi, Hugo
name: Santopinto, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution, we discuss the strangeness suppression in the proton in the framework of the unquenched quark model. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the values extracted from CERN and JLab experiments.
description: 3 pages, 2 tables, XXXIX Symposium on Nuclear Physics, Cocoyoc, Morelos, Mexico, to be published in J. Phys. Conf. Ser
Weighted Fourier inequalities via rearrangements
Creators: name: Rastegari, Javad
name: Sinnamon, Gord
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 42B35, Secondary 46E30, 42B05

description: The method of using rearrangements to give sufficient conditions for Fourier inequalities between weighted Lebesgue spaces is revisited. New results in the case q < p are established and a comparison between two known sufficient conditions is completed. In addition, examples are given to show that a simple weight condition that is sufficient for the weighted Fourier inequality in the cases 2 < q < p and 1 < q < p < 2 is no longer sufficient in the case 1 < q < 2 < p, contrary to statements in Theorems 1 and 4 of, "Weighted Fourier inequalities: new proofs and generalizations", J. Fourier Anal. Appl. 9 (2003), 1-37. Several alternatives are given for strengthening the simple weight condition to ensure sufficiency in that case.
Sterile neutrino dark matter: relativistic freeze-out
Creators: name: Lebedev, Oleg
name: Toma, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-lived sterile neutrinos can play the role of dark matter. We consider the possibility that such neutrinos form a thermal bath with a singlet scalar, while not being in thermal equilibrium with the Standard Model fields. Eventually, the neutrino dark matter undergoes freeze-out in the dark sector, which can occur in both non-relativistic and relativistic regimes. To account for the latter possibility, we use the full Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein distribution functions with effective chemical potential in the reaction rate computation. This allows us to study the freeze-out process in detail and also obtain the necessary thermalization conditions. We find that relativistic freeze-out occurs in a relatively small part of the parameter space. In contrast to the standard weakly-interacting-massive-particle (WIMP) scenario, the allowed dark matter masses extend to $10^4$ TeV without conflicting perturbativity.
description: 15 pages; references added, to appear in JHEP
The faint end of the 250 micron luminosity function at z < 0.5
Creators: name: Wang, L.
name: Norberg, P.
name: Bethermin, M.
name: Bourne, N.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Cowley, W.
name: Dunne, L.
name: Dye, S.
name: Eales, S.
name: Farrah, D.
name: Lacey, C.
name: Loveday, J.
name: Maddox, S.
name: Oliver, S.
name: Viero, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We aim to study the 250 micron luminosity function (LF) down to much fainter luminosities than achieved by previous efforts. Methods. We developed a modified stacking method to reconstruct the 250 micron LF using optically selected galaxies from the SDSS survey and Herschel maps of the GAMA equatorial fields and Stripe 82. Our stacking method not only recovers the mean 250 micron luminosities of galaxies that are too faint to be individually detected, but also their underlying distribution functions. Results. We find very good agreement with previous measurements in the overlapping luminosity range. More importantly, we are able to derive the LF down to much fainter luminosities (around 25 times fainter) than achieved by previous studies. We find strong positive luminosity evolution \propto (1 + z)^4.89\pm1.07 and moderate negative density evolution \propto (1 + z)^-1.02\pm0.54 over the redshift range z=[0.02, 0.5].
description: 5 pages including appendix, 4 figures, accepted for publication as a letter in A&A
Complexity near critical points
Creators: name: Sood, Uday
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510499
subject: Condensed matter physics not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 510799
subject: Particle and high energy physics not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 510803
subject: Quantum information, computation and communication

description: Complexity has played an increasingly important role in recent years. In this dissertation, we study some notions of complexity in systems that exhibit critical behaviour. Our results show that complexity as it is generally understood in holographic and lattice models of criticality can have several ambiguities. But despite these ambiguities, there are some features that are universally true. On the phase diagram of the system, it is the critical point which has the most complex ground state. States of physical systems with a large complexity tend to be hard to simulate using quantum circuits. Near the critical point, there is a part of complexity which is non-analytic and scales universally, i.e, the scaling is independent of the microscopic details of the Hamiltonian but depends only on the dimensionality of the system, and of the deforming operator. The coefficient of this term is unambiguous, i.e, it is not affected by the various changes in the definition of complexity which plague all the analytic terms near the critical point. We show this in lattice, field-theoretic and holographic calculations. These results were first presented in our earlier studies.
Fluctuation Relation for Qubit-Calorimetry
Creators: name: Kupiainen, Antti
name: Muratore-Ginanneschi, Paolo
name: Pekola, Jukka
name: Schwieger, Kay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by proposed thermometry measurement on an open quantum system, we present a simple model of an externally driven qubit interacting with a finite sized, fermion environment acting as calorimeter. The derived dynamics is governed by a stochastic Schrödinger equation coupled to the temperature change of the calorimeter. We prove a fluctuation relation and deduce from it a notion of entropy production. Finally, we discuss the first and second law associated to the dynamics.
Visualising three-dimensional volumetric data with an arbitrary coordinate system
Creators: name: Taylor, Rhys
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astronomical data does not always use Cartesian coordinates. Both all-sky observational data and simulations of rotationally symmetric systems, such as accretion and protoplanetary discs, may use spherical polar or other coordinate systems. Standard displays rely on Cartesian coordinates, but converting non-Cartesian data into Cartesian format causes distortion of the data and loss of detail. I here demonstrate a method using standard techniques from computer graphics that avoids these problems with 3D data in arbitrary coordinate systems. The method adds minimum computational cost to the display process and is suitable for both realtime, interactive content and producing fixed rendered images and videos. Proof-of-concept code is provided which works for data in spherical polar coordinates.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in the PASP Special Focus Issue: Techniques and Methods for Astrophysical Data Visualization
Learning-Based View Synthesis for Light Field Cameras
Creators: name: Kalantari, Nima Khademi
name: Wang, Ting-Chun
name: Ramamoorthi, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.1

description: With the introduction of consumer light field cameras, light field imaging has recently become widespread. However, there is an inherent trade-off between the angular and spatial resolution, and thus, these cameras often sparsely sample in either spatial or angular domain. In this paper, we use machine learning to mitigate this trade-off. Specifically, we propose a novel learning-based approach to synthesize new views from a sparse set of input views. We build upon existing view synthesis techniques and break down the process into disparity and color estimation components. We use two sequential convolutional neural networks to model these two components and train both networks simultaneously by minimizing the error between the synthesized and ground truth images. We show the performance of our approach using only four corner sub-aperture views from the light fields captured by the Lytro Illum camera. Experimental results show that our approach synthesizes high-quality images that are superior to the state-of-the-art techniques on a variety of challenging real-world scenes. We believe our method could potentially decrease the required angular resolution of consumer light field cameras, which allows their spatial resolution to increase.
description: in ACM Transactions on Graphics 2016
Point-surface fusion of station measurements and satellite observations for mapping PM2.5 distribution in China: methods and assessment
Creators: name: Li, Tongwen
name: Shen, Huanfeng
name: Zeng, Chao
name: Yuan, Qiangqiang
name: Zhang, Liangpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with adverse human health effects, and China is currently suffering from serious PM2.5 pollution. To obtain spatially continuous ground-level PM2.5 concentrations, several models established by point-surface fusion of ground station and satellite observations have been developed. However, how well do these models perform at national scale in China? Is there space to improve the estimation accuracy of PM2.5 concentration? The contribution of this study is threefold. Firstly, taking advantage of the newly established national monitoring network, we develop a national-scale generalized regression neural network (GRNN) model to estimate PM2.5 concentrations. Secondly, different assessment experiments are undertaken in time and space, to comprehensively evaluate and compare the performance of the widely used models. Finally, to map the yearly and seasonal mean distribution of PM2.5 concentrations in China, a pixel-based merging strategy is proposed. The results indicate that the conventional models (linear regression, multiple linear regression, and semi-empirical model) do not perform well at national scale, with cross-validation R values of 0.488~0.552 and RMSEs of 30.80~31.51 μg/m3, respectively. In contrast, the more advanced models (geographically weighted regression, back-propagation neural network, and GRNN) have great advantages in PM2.5 estimation, with R values ranging from 0.610 to 0.816 and RMSEs from 20.93 to 28.68 μg/m3, respectively. In particular, the proposed GRNN model obtains the best performance. Furthermore, the mapped PM2.5 distribution retrieved from 3-km MODIS aerosol optical depth (AOD) products, agrees quite well with the station measurements. The results also show that our study has the capacity to provide reasonable information for the global monitoring of PM2.5 pollution in China.
description: 3 innovations, 8 figures,4 tables
Coleosoma blandum O. Pickard-Cambridge 1882
Creators: name: Gao, Cai-Xia
name: Li, Shu-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Theridiidae
Coleosoma
Coleosoma blandum

description: Coleosoma blandum O. P.- Cambridge, 1882 Coleosoma blandum O. P.- Cambridge, 1882: 427, pl. 29, fig. 3; Chen & Zhang, 1991: 136, figs 128.1–6; Zhu, 1998: 70, figs 40A–F; Song et al., 1999: 107, figs 52A–B, G; Hu, 2001: 557, figs 375.1–4, 376.1–3. Material examined. China, Yunnan, 2♀, Xishuangbanna, Menglun, rubber plantation (about 20 years) (21º54.498'N, 101º16.326'E), 4–11 May 2007, Guo Zheng leg. Distribution. Cosmopolitan.
description: Published as part of Gao, Cai-Xia & Li, Shu-Qiang, 2014, Comb-footed spiders (Araneae: Theridiidae) in the tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna, Southwest China, pp. 1-135 in Zoological Systematics 39 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11865/zs20140101, http://zenodo.org/record/7475365
description: {"references": ["Cambridge, O. P. -. 1882. On new genera and species of Araneidea. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1882: 423 - 442.", "Hu, J-L 2001. Spiders in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. Henan Science and Technology Publishing House, Zhengzhou. 658 pp."]}
Fine- and hyperfine-structure effects in molecular photoionization: I. General theory and direct photoionization
Creators: name: Germann, Matthias
name: Willitsch, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a model for predicting fine- and hyperfine intensities in the direct photoionization of molecules based on the separability of electron and nuclear spin states from vibrational-electronic states. Using spherical tensor algebra, we derive highly symmetrized forms of the squared photoionization dipole matrix elements from which which we derive the salient selection and propensity rules for fine- and hyperfine resolved photoionizing transitions. Our theoretical results are validated by the analysis of the fine-structure resolved photoelectron spectrum of O$_2$ (reported by H. Palm and F. Merkt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1385 (1998)) and are used for predicting hyperfine populations of molecular ions produced by photoionization.
Direct Patterning of Colloidal Quantum-Dot Thin Films for Enhanced and Spectrally Selective Out-Coupling of Emission
Creators: name: Prins, Ferry
name: Kim, David K.
name: Cui, Jian
name: De Leo, Eva
name: McPeak, Kevin M.
name: Norris, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a template-stripping method for the direct surface patterning of colloidal quantum-dot thin films to produce highly luminescent structures with feature sizes less than 100 nm. Through the careful design of high quality bulls-eye gratings we can produce strong directional beaming (10° divergence) with up to six-fold out-coupling enhancement of spontaneous emission in the surface-normal direction. A transition to narrow single-mode lasing is observed in these same structures at thresholds as low as 120 μJ/cm2. Furthermore, making use of the size-tunable character of colloidal quantum dots, we demonstrate spectrally selective out-coupling of light from mixed quantum-dot films. Our results provide a straightforward route towards significantly improved optical properties of colloidal quantum-dot assemblies.
description: preprint, 32 pages, 7 figures
Nuclear physics with gravitational waves from neutron stars disrupted by black holes
Creators: name: Clarke, Teagan A.
name: Chastain, Lani
name: Lasky, Paul D.
name: Thrane, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves from neutron star-black hole (NSBH) mergers that undergo tidal disruption provide a potential avenue to study the equation of state of neutron stars and hence the behaviour of matter at its most extreme densities. We present a phenomenological model for the gravitational-wave signature of tidal disruption, which allows us to measure the disruption time. We carry out a study with mock data, assuming an optimistically nearby NSBH event with parameters optimised for measuring the tidal disruption. We show that a two-detector network of 40 km Cosmic Explorer instruments can measure the time of disruption with a precision of 0.5 ms, which corresponds to a constraint on the neutron star radius of 0.7 km (90\% credibility). This radius constraint is wider than the constraint obtained by measuring the tidal deformability of the neutron star of the same system during the inspiral. Moreover, the neutron star radius is likely to be more tightly constrained using binary neutron star mergers. While NSBH mergers are important for the information they provide about stellar and binary astrophysics, they are unlikely to provide insights into nuclear physics beyond what we will already know from binary neutron star mergers.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Accepted in ApJL
Rigidity for convex-cocompact actions on rank-one symmetric spaces
Creators: name: David, Guy C.
name: Kinneberg, Kyle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: When a discrete group admits a convex-cocompact action on a non-compact rank-one symmetric space, there is a natural lower bound for the Hausdorff dimension of the limit set, given by the Ahlfors regular conformal dimension of the boundary of the group. We show that equality is achieved precisely when the group stabilizes an isometric copy of some non-compact rank-one symmetric space on which it acts with compact quotient. This generalizes a theorem of Bonk-Kleiner, who proved it in the case of real hyperbolic space. To prove our main theorem, we study tangents of Lipschitz differentiability spaces that are embedded in a Carnot group. We show that almost all tangents are isometric to Carnot subgroups, at least when they are rectifiably connected. This extends a theorem of Cheeger, who proved it for PI spaces that are embedded in Euclidean space.
description: 24 pages
Heavy hole states in Germanium hut wires
Creators: name: Watzinger, Hannes
name: Kloeffel, Christoph
name: Vukušić, Lada
name: Rossell, Marta D.
name: Sessi, Violetta
name: Kukučka, Josip
name: Kirchschlager, Raimund
name: Lausecker, Elisabeth
name: Truhlar, Alisha
name: Glaser, Martin
name: Rastelli, Armando
name: Fuhrer, Andreas
name: Loss, Daniel
name: Katsaros, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hole spins have gained considerable interest in the past few years due to their potential for fast electrically controlled qubits. Here, we study holes confined in Ge hut wires, a so far unexplored type of nanostructure. Low temperature magnetotransport measurements reveal a large anisotropy between the in-plane and out-of-plane g-factors of up to 18. Numerical simulations verify that this large anisotropy originates from a confined wave function which is of heavy hole character. A light hole admixture of less than 1% is estimated for the states of lowest energy, leading to a surprisingly large reduction of the out-of-plane g-factors. However, this tiny light hole contribution does not influence the spin lifetimes, which are expected to be very long, even in non isotopically purified samples.
Néel-Vector Switching and THz Spin-Wave Excitation in Mn$_2$Au due to Femtosecond Spin-Transfer Torques
Creators: name: Weißenhofer, Markus
name: Foggetti, Francesco
name: Nowak, Ulrich
name: Oppeneer, Peter M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient and fast manipulation of antiferromagnets has to date remained a challenging task, hindering their application in spintronic devices. For ultrafast operation of such devices, it is highly desirable to be able to control the antiferromagnetic order within picoseconds - a timescale that is difficult to achieve with electrical circuits. Here, we demonstrate that bursts of spin-polarized hot-electron currents emerging due to laser-induced ultrafast demagnetization are able to efficiently excite spin dynamics in antiferromagnetic Mn$_2$Au by exerting a spin-transfer torque on femtosecond timescales. We combine quantitative superdiffusive transport and atomistic spin-model calculations to describe a spin-valve-type trilayer consisting of Fe$|$Cu$|$Mn$_2$Au. Our results demonstrate that femtosecond spin-transfer torques can switch the Mn$_2$Au layer within a few picoseconds. In addition, we find that spin waves with high frequencies up to several THz can be excited in Mn$_2$Au.
Stabilization with target oriented control for higher order difference equations
Creators: name: Braverman, Elena
name: Leis, Daniel Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93D15, 92D25, 39A30, 93C55

description: For a physical or biological model whose dynamics is described by a higher order difference equation $u_{n+1}=f(u_n,u_{n-1}, \dots, u_{n-k+1})$, we propose a version of a target oriented control $u_{n+1}=cT+(1-c)f(u_n,u_{n-1}, \dots, u_{n-k+1})$, with $T\ge 0$, $c\in [0,1)$. In ecological systems, the method incorporates harvesting and recruitment and for a wide class of $f$, allows to stabilize (locally or globally) a fixed point of $f$. If a point which is not a fixed point of $f$ has to be stabilized, the target oriented control is an appropriate method for achieving this goal. As a particular case, we consider pest control applied to pest populations with delayed density-dependence. This corresponds to a proportional feedback method, which includes harvesting only, for higher order equations.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, published in 2015 in Physics Letters A
Analytic properties of the Virasoro modular kernel
Creators: name: Nemkov, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the space of generic conformal blocks the modular transformation of the underlying surface is realized as a linear integral transformation. We show that the analytic properties of conformal block implied by Zamolodchikov's formula are shared by the kernel of the modular transformation and illustrate this by explicit computation in the case of the one-point toric conformal block.
description: 12 pages, v2: minor corrections and additional references
Reductions in Depth-integrated Picophytoplanktonic Photosynthesis Due to Inhibition by Ultraviolet and Photosynthetically Available Radiation: Global Predictions for $\textit{Prochlorococcus}$ and $\textit{Synechococcus}$
Creators: name: Neale, Patrick J.
name: Thomas, Brian C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Phytoplankton photosynthesis in most natural waters is often inhibited by ultraviolet (UV) and intense photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) but the effects on ocean productivity have received little consideration aside from polar areas subject to periodic enhanced UV-B due to depletion of stratospheric ozone. Here we consider responses in the temperate and tropical mid-ocean regions typically dominated by picophytoplankton including the prokaryotic lineages, $\textit{Prochlorococcus}$ and $\textit{Synechococcus}$. Spectral models of photosynthetic response for each lineage were constructed using model strains cultured at different growth irradiances and temperatures. In the model, inhibition becomes more severe once exposure exceeds a threshold (Emax) related to repair capacity. Model parameters are presented for $\textit{Prochlorococcus}$ adding to those previously presented for $\textit{Synechococcus}$. The models were applied to the estimation of mid-day, water-column photosynthesis based on an atmospheric model of spectral incident radiation, satellite-derived spectral water transparency and sea surface temperature. Comparing predictions integrated over the water column including versus excluding inhibition, production was 7-28% lower due to inhibition depending on strain and site conditions. Inhibition was consistently greater for $\textit{Prochlorococcus}$ compared to two strains of $\textit{Synechococcus}$. Considering only the surface mixed layer, production was inhibited 7-73%. Weighted by lineage abundance and daily PAR exposure, inhibition of full water column production averages around 20% for the modeled region of the Pacific with two-thirds of the inhibition due to UV. The results suggest more consideration is needed on inhibition effects, especially due to UV, which are largely excluded from present models of global phytoplankton production.
description: In press at Global Change Biology
Causality in Configurable Software Systems
Creators: name: Dubslaff, Clemens
name: Weis, Kallistos
name: Baier, Christel
name: Apel, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detecting and understanding reasons for defects and inadvertent behavior in software is challenging due to their increasing complexity. In configurable software systems, the combinatorics that arises from the multitude of features a user might select from adds a further layer of complexity. We introduce the notion of feature causality, which is based on counterfactual reasoning and inspired by the seminal definition of actual causality by Halpern and Pearl. Feature causality operates at the level of system configurations and is capable of identifying features and their interactions that are the reason for emerging functional and non-functional properties. We present various methods to explicate these reasons, in particular well-established notions of responsibility and blame that we extend to the feature-oriented setting. Establishing a close connection of feature causality to prime implicants, we provide algorithms to effectively compute feature causes and causal explications. By means of an evaluation on a wide range of configurable software systems, including community benchmarks and real-world systems, we demonstrate the feasibility of our approach: We illustrate how our notion of causality facilitates to identify root causes, estimate the effects of features, and detect feature interactions.
description: This is a preprint of the corresponding paper accepted at ICSE'22. The updated version provides more explanations, adds references to the artifact, and aligns with the camera-ready version of the publication
The inviscid Burgers equation with fractional Brownian initial data: the dimension of regular Lagrangian points
Creators: name: Molchan, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fractional Brownian motion, H-FBM , of index 0
description: 7 pages
Uniaxial modulation and the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition
Creators: name: Giuliano, Domenico
name: Nguyen, Phong H.
name: Nava, Andrea
name: Boninsegni, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition of a two-dimensional superfluid in the presence of an externally imposed density modulation along a single axis. The subject is investigated in the context of the $|ψ|^4$ classical field theory, by means of analytical and numerical techniques. We show that, as the amplitude of the modulation increases, the physics of the system approaches that of the anisotropic $x$-$y$ model, with a suppressed superfluid transition temperature and an anisotropic response, but with no dimensional crossover.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
A Wide-Field Survey for Transiting Hot Jupiters and Eclipsing Pre-Main-Sequence Binaries in Young Stellar Associations
Creators: name: Oelkers, Ryan J.
name: Macri, Lucas M.
name: Marshall, Jennifer L.
name: DePoy, Darren L.
name: Lambas, Diego G.
name: Colazo, Carlos
name: Stringer, Katelyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The past two decades have seen a significant advancement in the detection, classification and understanding of exoplanets and binaries. This is due, in large part, to the increase in use of small-aperture telescopes (< 20 cm) to survey large areas of the sky to milli-mag precision with rapid cadence. The vast majority of the planetary and binary systems studied to date consist of main-sequence or evolved objects, leading to a dearth of knowledge of properties at early times (< 50 Myr). Only a dozen binaries and one candidate transiting Hot Jupiter are known among pre-main sequence objects, yet these are the systems that can provide the best constraints on stellar formation and planetary migration models. The deficiency in the number of well-characterized systems is driven by the inherent and aperiodic variability found in pre-main-sequence objects, which can mask and mimic eclipse signals. Hence, a dramatic increase in the number of young systems with high-quality observations is highly desirable to guide further theoretical developments. We have recently completed a photometric survey of 3 nearby (< 150 pc) and young (< 50 Myr) moving groups with a small aperture telescope. While our survey reached the requisite photometric precision, the temporal coverage was insufficient to detect Hot Jupiters. Nevertheless, we discovered 346 pre-main-sequence binary candidates, including 74 high-priority objects for further study.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal, 15 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables
Linear Network Coding over Rings, Part I: Scalar Codes and Commutative Alphabets
Creators: name: Connelly, Joseph
name: Zeger, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fixed-size commutative rings are quasi-ordered such that all scalar linearly solvable networks over any given ring are also scalar linearly solvable over any higher-ordered ring. As consequences, if a network has a scalar linear solution over some finite commutative ring, then (i) the network is also scalar linearly solvable over a maximal commutative ring of the same size, and (ii) the (unique) smallest size commutative ring over which the network has a scalar linear solution is a field. We prove that a commutative ring is maximal with respect to the quasi-order if and only if some network is scalar linearly solvable over the ring but not over any other commutative ring of the same size. Furthermore, we show that maximal commutative rings are direct products of certain fields specified by the integer partitions of the prime factor multiplicities of the maximal ring's size. Finally, we prove that there is a unique maximal commutative ring of size $m$ if and only if each prime factor of $m$ has multiplicity in $\{1,2,3,4,6\}$. In fact, whenever $p$ is prime and $k \in \{1,2,3,4,6\}$, the unique such maximal ring of size $p^k$ is the field $GF(p^k)$. However, for every field $GF(p^k)$ with $k\not\in \{1,2,3,4,6\}$, there is always some network that is not scalar linearly solvable over the field but is scalar linearly solvable over a commutative ring of the same size. These results imply that for scalar linear network coding over commutative rings, fields can always be used when the alphabet size is flexible, but alternative rings may be needed when the alphabet size is fixed.