cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Crowdsourcing at the Austrian National Library
Creators: name: Sommersguter, Paul David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: In recent years, crowdsourcing has started to play an important role in community-driven knowledge production. Many successful projects in both libraries and cultural institutions have demonstrated that this phenomenon strengthens the bond between users and institutions. Firstly, by opening interesting, previously unseen collections and secondly, through addressing and involving the general public to engage in sharing knowledge about image data.

In October 2018, the Austrian National Library established a crowdsourcing initiative as part of its institutional Strategy 2017-2021. The first campaign, called “Austria from above”, exhibits 10,000 aerial images: historic photos that depict Austria’s idyllic pre-World War II era landscapes, rural areas, and urban spaces. After in-house digitization of bespoke images, the vast majority still lacked standardized descriptions. Via the platform https://crowdsourcing.onb.ac.at/, the general public was asked to take part in three tasks: categorization, tagging, and georeferencing. In a later stage of the campaign, crowdsourcing-participants will additionally be able to participate in the quality assurance of these annotations. Since the platform’s launch, a group of about 1,500 registered volunteers invested time and energy in contributing and accumulating thousands of relevant annotations. With the help of these annotations and descriptions, specific images are now significantly easier to find for the average user.

Since the crowdsourcing platform was entirely conceived, designed and implemented in-house at the Austrian National Library, this talk will discuss a wide range of topics: the crowdsourcing platform’s key functionality, design and interface principles, and its general user experience guidelines. The project setup will also be covered since crowdsourcing initiatives constitute a huge challenge and effort for an institution. Still, the crowdsourcing platform evolves. By adopting an agile development approach, new project requirements and learnings from past versions can inform future releases. The talk will shed some light on some of these learnings since the platform‘s launch.

Throughout the design process, the project team at the Austrian National Library constantly studied peer-projects. Hence, the aim of the talk is to give back some insights into the planning, the conception, and the design of a crowdsourcing initiative to the scientific and librarian community.

In the near future, the project team will continue to iteratively refine the platform’s software. New, thematically different campaigns will be published for the crowdsourcing-community.
The analysis and interpretation of the cone pressuremeter in cohesive soils
Creators: name: Hers, Ian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The cone pressuremeter is a promising new in situ testing device which combines the well known capabilities of a piezocone with a full displacement pressuremeter (FDPM). The focus of this thesis is to present results from FDPM tests performed as part of a cone pressuremeter sounding at three cohesive soil sites in the Vancouver area. The insertion of a cone pressuremeter results in a substantial amount of disturbance and the generation of excess pore pressures. As a result of the changing stress conditions, the length of the relaxation time or time delay between insertion and testing has a significant effect on the lift-off pressure and shape of the FDPM curve. Results indicate that increased relaxation periods lead to lower lift-off pressures. The strain rate used during a test is also significant with lower rates resulting in higher limit pressures and undrained shear strengths. Comparisons were made between the FDPM, self-boring pressuremeter (SBPM) and dilatometer lift-off and expansion pressures. FDPM test results are also influenced by the design and performance of the pressuremeter. Important equipment related considerations discussed are compliance, strain arm design and pressuremeter L/D ratio. The results of FDPM tests were used to estimate the undrained shear strength, shear modulus, stress history and in situ horizontal stress of cohesive soils and when possible compared to SBPM, field vane and dilatometer results. The use of cavity expansion theory for the analysis of the FDPM test is made difficult by the unknown stress conditions created by disturbance. Nevertheless, reasonable estimates of the undrained shear strength were made using cavity expansion methods with the FDPM undrained shear strength generally greater than the field vane and similar to those obtained from the SBPM test. Cavity contraction theory was also used to estimate the undrained shear strength with the results generally being less than the field vane undrained shear strength. Good comparisons were obtained between the FDPM and SBPM unload-reload shear moduli. Both the unload-reload shear moduli and the rigidity index were shown to attenuate with increasing shear strain. Two new methods using the rigidity index and normalized pressuremeter limit pressure were proposed to estimate stress history. Both techniques appear to be promising. Attempts to use the FDPM to estimate the in situ horizontal stress were unsuccessful when compared to the results of other available tests.
Taxonomy of Polar Subspaces of Multi-Qubit Symplectic Polar Spaces of Small Rank
Creators: name: Saniga, Metod
name: de Boutray, Henri
name: Holweck, Frederic
name: Giorgetti, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study certain physically-relevant subgeometries of binary symplectic polar spaces $W(2N-1,2)$ of small rank $N$, when the points of these spaces canonically encode $N$-qubit observables. Key characteristics of a subspace of such a space $W(2N-1,2)$ are: the number of its negative lines, the distribution of types of observables, the character of the geometric hyperplane the subspace shares with the distinguished (non-singular) quadric of $W(2N-1,2)$ and the structure of its Veldkamp space. In particular, we classify and count polar subspaces of $W(2N-1,2)$ whose rank is $N-1$. $W(3,2)$ features three negative lines of the same type and its $W(1,2)$'s are of five different types. $W(5,2)$ is endowed with 90 negative lines of two types and its $W(3,2)$'s split into 13 types. 279 out of 480 $W(3,2)$'s with three negative lines are composite, i.\,e. they all originate from the two-qubit $W(3,2)$. Given a three-qubit $W(3,2)$ and any of its geometric hyperplanes, there are three other $W(3,2)$'s possessing the same hyperplane. The same holds if a geometric hyperplane is replaced by a `planar' tricentric triad. A hyperbolic quadric of $W(5,2)$ is found to host particular sets of seven $W(3,2)$'s, each of them being uniquely tied to a Conwell heptad with respect to the quadric. There is also a particular type of $W(3,2)$'s, a representative of which features a point each line through which is negative. Finally, $W(7,2)$ is found to possess 1908 negative lines of five types and its $W(5,2)$'s fall into as many as 29 types. 1524 out of 1560 $W(5,2)$'s with 90 negative lines originate from the three-qubit $W(5,2)$. Remarkably, the difference in the number of negative lines for any two distinct types of four-qubit $W(5,2)$'s is a multiple of four.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures and 5 tables; Version 2 - a new paragraph, new section (Sec. 5), four more figures and five more references
Anomalous diffusion and stretched exponentials in heterogeneous glass-forming liquids: Low-temperature behavior
Creators: name: Langer, J. S.
name: Mukhopadhyay, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model of a heterogeneous glass forming liquid and compute the low-temperature behavior of a tagged molecule moving within it. This model exhibits stretched-exponential decay of the wavenumber-dependent, self intermediate scattering function in the limit of long times. At temperatures close to the glass transition, where the heterogeneities are much larger in extent than the molecular spacing, the time dependence of the scattering function crosses over from stretched-exponential decay with an index $b=1/2$ at large wave numbers to normal, diffusive behavior with $b = 1$ at small wavenumbers. There is a clear separation between early-stage, cage-breaking $β$ relaxation and late-stage $α$ relaxation. The spatial representation of the scattering function exhibits an anomalously broad exponential (non-Gaussian) tail for sufficiently large values of the molecular displacement at all finite times.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Issues in Teaching and Learning: Student Retention in Higher Education
Creators: name: Robertson, G.
Publisher: name: The School of Education and Communities, University of East London
Year: 2018

description: Understanding the learner as they ‘are’ rather than ‘how they should be or become’ is important if we are to address the attrition rate in higher education. Systems of higher education all too often impose an inflexible ‘recipe’ approach to education upon both student and lecturer which may be unhelpful and contradictory in supporting and facilitating students to achieve their potential. I would argue that before we encourage students to engage with the stepped aspirational treadmill of academic study, time exploring this process with the student would be beneficial for both student and institution. We need to know ‘where students are’ before we begin to know how to help them get to ‘where they want to be’. Effective teaching and learning requires all parties – student, teacher and institution – to take time to ‘listen and understand’.
title: Les effets d'un entraînement à la catégorisation sur le développement des compétences en vocabulaire réceptif d'élèves de 1ère et 2ème Harmos ayant des difficultés de langage
title: Les effets d'un entraînement à la catégorisation sur le développement des compétences en vocabulaire réceptif d'élèves de 1ère et 2ème Harmos ayant des difficultés de langage
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Chappuis, Laure
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Développement
subject: apprentissage explicite
subject: langage
subject: vocabulaire
subject: catégorisation

description: Cette recherche évalue les effets de séances d’entraînement à la catégorisation sur les compétences en vocabulaire d’enfants du cycle 1 présentant des difficultés de langage. La recherche a consisté en une étude expérimentale sous la forme d’un devis avant-après incluant un groupe expérimental (N = 6 ; âge moyen : cinq ans et six mois) et un groupe contrôle (N = 5 ; âge moyen : quatre ans et dix mois). Le groupe expérimental a bénéficié d’une intervention consistant en seize séances d’entraînement à la catégorisation au moyen du matériel Catégo (Cèbe et al., 2004), dispensées sur une durée totale de dix semaines, tandis que le groupe contrôle a poursuivi ses pratiques habituelles. L’étude se justifie par l’importance de la richesse du vocabulaire, l’impact négatif des difficultés en la matière, ainsi que les différents moyens qui ont été mis en œuvre jusqu’à présent pour enrichir le vocabulaire d’enfants rencontrant des difficultés à ce niveau. Ainsi, sur la base de travaux ayant montré d’une part l’intérêt d’un entraînement à la catégorisation sur la richesse du vocabulaire d’enfants tout-venant, et d’autre part l’influence d’un enrichissement explicite du vocabulaire d’enfants rencontrant des difficultés, l’hypothèse qu’un entraînement explicite de la catégorisation bénéficiera à des élèves présentant un faible niveau de vocabulaire est émise. La comparaison des résultats obtenus aux divers instruments de mesure avant et après l’intervention montre un accroissement considérable du vocabulaire réceptif des élèves du groupe expérimental par rapport aux élèves du groupe contrôle. Les progrès consécutifs à l’intervention sont observables non seulement sur les mots travaillés durant les activités de catégorisation mais également sur des mots non-travaillés. Ces résultats, qui étendent ceux d’études similaires, démontrent le potentiel d’une intervention destinée à développer le vocabulaire d’enfants présentant des difficultés de langage en utilisant des activités de catégorisation. De nouveaux outils pédagogiques, complémentaires à ceux déjà à disposition des enseignants ordinaires, pourraient par conséquent être élaborés dans le but d’améliorer les compétences en vocabulaire de ces enfants, et ce, dès leur entrée à l’école obligatoire.
Weakly Supervised Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Highway Driving via Virtual Safety Cages
Creators: name: Kuutti, Sampo
name: Bowden, Richard
name: Fallah, Saber
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The use of neural networks and reinforcement learning has become increasingly popular in autonomous vehicle control. However, the opaqueness of the resulting control policies presents a significant barrier to deploying neural network-based control in autonomous vehicles. In this paper, we present a reinforcement learning based approach to autonomous vehicle longitudinal control, where the rule-based safety cages provide enhanced safety for the vehicle as well as weak supervision to the reinforcement learning agent. By guiding the agent to meaningful states and actions, this weak supervision improves the convergence during training and enhances the safety of the final trained policy. This rule-based supervisory controller has the further advantage of being fully interpretable, thereby enabling traditional validation and verification approaches to ensure the safety of the vehicle. We compare models with and without safety cages, as well as models with optimal and constrained model parameters, and show that the weak supervision consistently improves the safety of exploration, speed of convergence, and model performance. Additionally, we show that when the model parameters are constrained or sub-optimal, the safety cages can enable a model to learn a safe driving policy even when the model could not be trained to drive through reinforcement learning alone.
description: Published in Sensors
An Extremely Bright Echo Associated With SN 2002hh
Creators: name: Welch, D. L.
name: Clayton, Geoffrey C.
name: Campbell, Amy
name: Barlow, M. J.
name: Sugerman, Ben E. K.
name: Meixner, Margaret
name: Bank, S. H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new, very late-time optical photometry and spectroscopy of the interesting Type II-P supernova, SN 2002hh, in NGC 6946. Gemini/GMOS-N has been used to acquire visible spectra at six epochs between 2004 August and 2006 July, following the evolution of the SN from age 661 to 1358 days. Few optical spectra of Type II supernovae with ages greater than one year exist. In addition, g'r'i' images were acquired at all six epochs. The spectral and photometric evolution of SN 2002hh has been very unusual. Measures of the brightness of this SN, both in the R and I bands as well as in the H-alpha emission flux, show no significant fading over an interval of nearly two years. The most straightforward explanation for this behavior is that the light being measured comes not only from the SN itself but also from an echo off of nearby dust. Echoes have been detected previously around several SNe but these echoes, at their brightest, were ~8 mag below the maximum brightness of the SN. At V~21 mag, the putative echo dominates the light of SN 2002hh and is only ~4 mag below the outburst's peak brightness. There is an estimated 6 magnitudes of total extinction in V towards SN 2002hh. The proposed explanation of a differential echo/SN absorption is inconsistent with the observed BVRI colors.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in the ApJ
Acts of Resistance in an Age of Compliance: Teacher Educators, Professional Knowledge-Making and Self-Study
Creators: name: Berry, A.
Publisher: name: The School of Education and Communities, University of East London
Year: 2018

description: Significant structural reforms are reshaping the landscape of teacher education in many countries. Such reforms typically increase the standardisation of teaching practice so that teacher education becomes a mechanism for achieving ends determined elsewhere, with teacher educators (TEs) as the delivery service for these predetermined ends. In this article, I explore the implications of this situation for the professional knowledge and status of TEs, and argue that, both individually and collectively, TEs need to recognise and take action to assert their professional position as empowered, active and legitimate knowledge-makers about teaching practice. I draw on Clandinin & Connelly’s (1995) concept of professional knowledge landscapes and their ‘secret’ and ‘sacred’ stories as a tool to examine these ideas, and the methodology of self-study as one means of reshaping the professional knowledge landscape of teacher education.
Level Spacings in Random Matrix Theory and Coulomb Blockade Peaks in Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Herman, D.
name: Ong, T. T.
name: Usaj, Gonzalo
name: Mathur, H.
name: Baranger, H. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain analytic formulae for the spacing between conductance peaks in the Coulomb blockade regime, based on the universal Hamiltonian model of quantum dots. New random matrix theory results are developed in order to treat correlations between two and three consecutive spacings in the energy level spectrum. These are generalizations of the Wigner surmise for the probability distribution of single level spacing. The analytic formulae are shown to be in good agreement with numerical evaluation.
description: 15 pages, minor changes, published version
Radiation-reaction force and multipolar waveforms for eccentric, spin-aligned binaries in the effective-one-body formalism
Creators: name: Khalil, Mohammed
name: Buonanno, Alessandra
name: Steinhoff, Jan
name: Vines, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While most binary inspirals are expected to have circularized before they enter the LIGO/Virgo frequency band, a small fraction of those binaries could have non-negligible orbital eccentricity depending on their formation channel. Hence, it is important to accurately model eccentricity effects in waveform models used to detect those binaries, infer their properties, and shed light on their astrophysical environment. We develop a multipolar effective-one-body (EOB) eccentric waveform model for compact binaries whose components have spins aligned or anti-aligned with the orbital angular momentum. The waveform model contains eccentricity effects in the radiation-reaction force and gravitational modes through second post-Newtonian (PN) order, including tail effects, and spin-orbit and spin-spin couplings. We recast the PN-expanded, eccentric radiation-reaction force and modes in factorized form so that the newly derived terms can be directly included in the state-of-the-art, quasi-circular--orbit EOB model currently used in LIGO/Virgo analyses (i.e., the SEOBNRv4HM model).
description: 27 pages. v2: fixed typos, matches published version
A compact star rotating at 1122 Hz and the r-mode instability
Creators: name: Drago, Alessandro
name: Pagliara, Giuseppe
name: Parenti, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that r-mode instabilities severely constraint the composition of a compact star rotating at a submillisecond period. In particular, the only viable astrophysical scenario for such an object, present inside the Low Mass X-ray Binary associated with the x-ray transient XTE J1739-285, is that it has a strangeness content. Since previous analysis indicate that hyperonic stars or stars containing a kaon condensate are not good candidates, the only remaining possibility is that such an object is either a strange quark star or a hybrid quark-hadron star. We also discuss under which conditions sub-millisecond pulsars are rare.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, I table. Revised version contains a much more extended discussion of the astrophysical scenario
Το πρόβλημα της συνέπειας για το αξιωματικό σύστημα NF
Creators: name: Ρουβέλας, Παναγιώτης Ι.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Μαθηματικά
subject: Λογική
subject: Θεωρία συνόλων
subject: Απλή Θεωρία Τύπων
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Logic
subject: Set theory
subject: Simple Type Theory

description: Στην εργασία αυτή παρουσιάζουμε αποτελέσματα που αφορούν το πρόβλημα της συνέπειας για το αξιωματικό σύστημα “New Foundations” (NF). Πιο συγκεκριμένα, μελετάμε την αποφασισιμότητα διαφόρων ειδών προτάσεων (αύξουσες, φθίνουσες, υπαρξιακές-καθολικές) από ασθενείς υποθεωρίες της NF. Ερευνούμε επίσης μία ασθενέστερη μορφή του προβλήματος της συνέπειας που σχετίζεται με μία γενίκευση της έννοιας του αυτομορφισμού μετατόπισης βαθμίδων.
description: In this work, we present results concerning the consistency problem for the axiomatic system “New Foundations” (NF). More specifically, we study the decidability of various kinds of sentences (increasing, decreasing, existential-universal) by weak subtheories of NF. We also investigate a weaker version of the consistency problem related to a generalization of the concept of type shifting automorphism.
Decoupling limits of N=4 super Yang-Mills on R x S^3
Creators: name: Harmark, Troels
name: Kristjansson, Kristjan R.
name: Orselli, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find new decoupling limits of N=4 super Yang-Mills (SYM) on R x S^3 with gauge group SU(N). These decoupling limits lead to decoupled theories that are much simpler than the full N=4 SYM but still contain many of its interesting features. The decoupling limits correspond to being in a near-critical region, near a point with zero temperature and critical chemical potentials. The new decoupling limits are found by generalizing the limits of hep-th/0605234 to include not only the chemical potentials for the SU(4) R-symmetry of N=4 SYM but also the chemical potentials corresponding to the SO(4) symmetry. In the decoupled theories it is possible to take a strong coupling limit in a controllable manner since the full effective Hamiltonian is known. For planar N=4 SYM on R x S^3 all the decoupled theories correspond to fully integrable spin chains. We study the thermodynamics of the decoupled theories and find the Hagedorn temperature for small and large values of the effective coupling. We find an alternative formulation of the decoupling limits in the microcanonical ensemble. This leads to a characterization of certain regimes of weakly coupled N=4 SYM in which there are string-like states. Finally, we find a similar decoupling limit for pure Yang-Mills theory, which for the planar limit leads to a fully integrable decoupled theory.
description: 48 pages, 1 figure; added references, published version
Dynamic Failure in Amorphous Solids via a Cavitation Instability
Creators: name: Bouchbinder, Eran
name: Lo, Ting-Shek
name: Procaccia, Itamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The understanding of dynamic failure in amorphous materials via the propagation of free boundaries like cracks and voids must go beyond elasticity theory, since plasticity intervenes in a crucial and poorly understood manner near the moving free boundary. In this Letter we focus on failure via a cavitation instability in a radially-symmetric stressed material, set up the free boundary dynamics taking both elasticity and visco-plasticity into account, using the recently proposed athermal Shear Transformation Zone theory. We demonstrate the existence (in amorphous systems) of fast cavitation modes accompanied by extensive plastic deformations and discuss the revealed physics.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Supplementary document for Continuous-wave terahertz quantum cascade microlaser arrays operating on various bound states in the continuum - 6528369.pdf
Creators: name: Bai, Hongzhou
name: Liu, Guowen
name: Wang, Kai
name: Chang, Gaolei
name: Zang, Shanzhi
name: Tan, Cheng
name: Jiang, Tao
name: Wang, Xuemin
name: Gan, Lianghua
name: Zhang, Y. H.
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Measurements and simulation details
The value of inflow forecasting in the operation of a hydroelectric reservoir
Creators: name: Barnard, Joanna Mary
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The present study examines the value of conceptual hydrologic forecasting in the operation of a hydroelectric generating project. The conceptual forecasting method used is the UBC Watershed Model. The value of the conceptual forecast is determined by comparing results obtained by use of the forecast to those obtained by use of a forecast based purely on the historic record. The effect of the size of the reservoir on the value of the forecast is also considered. The operation of a hypothetical project is modelled using dynamic programming. The operation of the project is optimized using the conceptual and historic forecasts to generate a variety of operating policies. The operation of the project is then simulated using the derived operating policies and several test years of real data, to determine the potential energy generation for each scenario. The analysis is performed for several reservoir sizes and for deterministic and two stochastic representations of the data. The analysis concludes that conceptual forecasting is most useful when the annual flow is significantly different from the average annual flow of the basin. If an historic forecast is used, a deterministic representation of the data is most valuable. If a conceptual forecast is used stochastic analysis gives the most efficient operation. Forecasting of either kind is valuable for reservoir sizes greater than 25% of the mean annual flow, but the value decreases as the volume approaches 100% of the mean annual flow.
Gauge Invariant Factorisation and Canonical Quantisation of Topologically Massive Gauge Theories in Any Dimension
Creators: name: Bertrand, Bruno
name: Govaerts, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abelian topologically massive gauge theories (TMGT) provide a topological mechanism to generate mass for a bosonic p-tensor field in any spacetime dimension. These theories include the 2+1 dimensional Maxwell-Chern-Simons and 3+1 dimensional Cremmer-Scherk actions as particular cases. Within the Hamiltonian formulation, the embedded topological field theory (TFT) sector related to the topological mass term is not manifest in the original phase space. However through an appropriate canonical transformation, a gauge invariant factorisation of phase space into two orthogonal sectors is feasible. The first of these sectors includes canonically conjugate gauge invariant variables with free massive excitations. The second sector, which decouples from the total Hamiltonian, is equivalent to the phase space description of the associated non dynamical pure TFT. Within canonical quantisation, a likewise factorisation of quantum states thus arises for the full spectrum of TMGT in any dimension. This new factorisation scheme also enables a definition of the usual projection from TMGT onto topological quantum field theories in a most natural and transparent way. None of these results rely on any gauge fixing procedure whatsoever.
description: 1+25 pages, no figures
title: Bulletin de la Société Paul Claudel. 2014 - 2, n° 213
title: Paul Claudel et André Suarès
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unap)
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Littérature et religion
subject: Paul Claudel et André Suarès
subject: Le Journal de Paul Claudel
subject: Études claudéliennes en Chine
subject: Paul Claudel au cinéma

description: Contributeurs : Didier Alexandre, Pierre Brunel, Bruno Curatolo, Jacques Houriez, Guanqiao Huang, Emmanuelle Kaës, Pascal Lécroart, Dominique Millet-Gérard, Jacques Parsi, Jean-Noël Segrestaa, Armelle de Vismes et Michel Wasserman.
Derivation of the Quantum Probability Rule without the Frequency Operator
Creators: name: Wada, Sumio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an alternative frequencists' proof of the quantum probability rule which does not make use of the frequency operator, with expectation that this can circumvent the recent criticism against the previous proofs which use it. We also argue that avoiding the frequency operator is not only for technical merits for doing so but is closely related to what quantum mechanics is all about from the viewpoint of many-world interpretation.
description: 12 pages
Compensation of loss in propagating surface plasmon polariton by gain in adjacent dielectric medium
Creators: name: Noginov, M. A.
name: Podolskiy, V. A.
name: Zhu, G.
name: Mayy, M.
name: Bahoura, M.
name: Adegoke, J. A.
name: Ritzo, B. A.
name: Reynolds, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the suppression of loss of surface plasmon polariton propagating at the interface between silver film and optically pumped polymer with dye. Large magnitude of the effect enables a variety of applications of "active" nanoplasmonics. The experimental study is accompanied by the development of the analytical description of the phenomenon and the solution of the controversy regarding the direction of the wavevector of a wave with a strong evanescent component in an active medium.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Towards Functional Flows for Hierarchical Models
Creators: name: Litim, Daniel F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recursion relations of hierarchical models are studied and contrasted with functional renormalisation group equations in corresponding approximations. The formalisms are compared quantitatively for the Ising universality class, where the spectrum of universal eigenvalues at criticality is studied. A significant correlation amongst scaling exponents is pointed out and analysed in view of an underlying optimisation. Functional flows are provided which match with high accuracy all known scaling exponents from Dyson's hierarchical model for discrete block-spin transformations. Implications of the results are discussed.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures; wording sharpened, typos removed, reference added; to appear with PRD
Mesoscopic model reduction for the collective dynamics of sparse coupled oscillator networks
Creators: name: Smith, Lauren D
name: Gottwald, Georg A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior at bifurcation from global synchronization to partial synchronization in finite networks of coupled oscillators is a complex phenomenon, involving the intricate dynamics of one or more oscillators with the remaining synchronized oscillators. This is not captured well by standard macroscopic model reduction techniques which capture only the collective behavior of synchronized oscillators in the thermodynamic limit. We introduce two mesoscopic model reductions for finite sparse networks of coupled oscillators to quantitatively capture the dynamics close to bifurcation from global to partial synchronization. Our model reduction builds upon the method of collective coordinates. We first show that standard collective coordinate reduction has difficulties capturing this bifurcation. We identify a particular topological structure at bifurcation consisting of a main synchronized cluster, the oscillator that desynchronizes at bifurcation, and an intermediary node connecting them. Utilizing this structure and ensemble averages we derive an analytic expression for the mismatch between the true bifurcation from global to partial synchronization and its estimate calculated via the collective coordinate approach. This allows to calibrate the standard collective coordinate approach without prior knowledge of which node will desynchronize. We introduce a second mesoscopic reduction, utilizing the same particular topological structure, which allows for a quantitative dynamical description of the phases near bifurcation. The mesoscopic reductions significantly reduce the computational complexity of the collective coordinate approach, reducing from $\mathcal{O}(N^2)$ to $\mathcal{O}(1)$. We perform numerical simulations for Erdős-Rényi networks and for modified Barabási-Albert networks demonstrating excellent quantitative agreement at and close to bifurcation.
High Precision CTE-Measurement of SiC-100 for Cryogenic Space-Telescopes
Creators: name: Enya, K.
name: Yamada, N.
name: Onaka, T.
name: Nakagawa, T.
name: Kaneda, H.
name: Hirabayashi, M.
name: Toulemont, Y.
name: Castel, D.
name: Kanai, Y.
name: Fujishiro, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of high precision measurements of the thermal expansion of the sintered SiC, SiC-100, intended for use in cryogenic space-telescopes, in which minimization of thermal deformation of the mirror is critical and precise information of the thermal expansion is needed for the telescope design. The temperature range of the measurements extends from room temperature down to $\sim$ 10 K. Three samples, #1, #2, and #3 were manufactured from blocks of SiC produced in different lots. The thermal expansion of the samples was measured with a cryogenic dilatometer, consisting of a laser interferometer, a cryostat, and a mechanical cooler. The typical thermal expansion curve is presented using the 8th order polynomial of the temperature. For the three samples, the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE), $\barα_{#1}$, $\barα_{#2}$, and $\barα_{#3}$ were derived for temperatures between 293 K and 10 K. The average and the dispersion (1 $σ$ rms) of these three CTEs are 0.816 and 0.002 ($\times 10^{-6}$/K), respectively. No significant difference was detected in the CTE of the three samples from the different lots. Neither inhomogeneity nor anisotropy of the CTE was observed. Based on the obtained CTE dispersion, we performed an finite-element-method (FEM) analysis of the thermal deformation of a 3.5 m diameter cryogenic mirror made of six SiC-100 segments. It was shown that the present CTE measurement has a sufficient accuracy well enough for the design of the 3.5 m cryogenic infrared telescope mission, the Space Infrared telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA).
description: in press, PASP. 21 pages, 4 figures
Identification of neutrino bursts associated to supernovae with Real-time Test Statistic (RTS$^2$) method
Creators: name: Lamoureux, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper proposes a new approach for the selection of low-energy neutrino bursts, such as the ones detected after a supernova. It exploits the temporal structure of the expected signal with respect to the more diffuse background by defining a "Real-time Test Statistic" (RTS) that would allow identifying very weak signals, hard to select using standard clustering methods. For a given background rate, the new method (RTS$^2$: RTS for Supernovae) increases signal efficiency while keeping the same false alarm rate for Poisson-distributed background. By adding a spatial penalty term to the definition of RTS, one can also reject spatially-correlated backgrounds such as the ones due to spallation events. Furthermore, the method is easy to implement in a real-time monitoring system as RTS can be computed recursively for successive events, and it can be easily adapted for detectors of all scales that may want to send prompt alerts e.g. through SNEWS 2.0 network.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Compton Scattering of Fe K alpha Lines in Magnetic Cataclysmic Variables
Creators: name: McNamara, A. L.
name: Kuncic, Z.
name: Wu, K.
name: Galloway, D. K.
name: Cullen, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compton scattering of X-rays in the bulk flow of the accretion column in magnetic cataclysmic variables (mCVs) can significantly shift photon energies. We present Monte Carlo simulations based on a nonlinear algorithm demonstrating the effects of Compton scattering on the H-like, He-like and neutral Fe K alpha lines produced in the post-shock region of the accretion column. The peak line emissivities of the photons in the post-shock flow are taken into consideration and frequency shifts due to Doppler effects are also included. We find that line profiles are most distorted by Compton scattering effects in strongly magnetized mCVs with a low white dwarf mass and high mass accretion rate and which are viewed at an oblique angle with respect to the accretion column. The resulting line profiles are most sensitive to the inclination angle. We have also explored the effects of modifying the accretion column width and using a realistic emissivity profile. We find that these do not have a significant overall effect on the resulting line profiles. A comparison of our simulated line spectra with high resolution Chandra/HETGS observations of the mCV GK Per indicates that a wing feature redward of the 6.4 keV line may result from Compton recoil near the base of the accretion column.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 10 pages with 8 figures
Soft X-ray Circular Reflectivity from Ferromagnetic Transition-Metal Films Near the Brewster's Angle: Theoretical and Numerical X-ray Resonant Magnetic Scattering Study
Creators: name: Jeong, Dae-Eun
name: Kim, Sang-Koog
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We first report a novel phenomenon that manifests itself in a colossal difference in soft x-ray reflectivity from ferromagnetic transition-metal films between the left- and right-handed circular polarization (LCP and RCP) modes at a resonance near normal Brewster's angle. Theoretical and numerical studies of sft x-ray resonant magnetic scattering using the circular-polarization-mode basis reveal that this effect arises from a totally destructive interference of photons scattered individually from chargem orbital, and spin degrees of freedom in magnetized thin films that selectively occurs only for one helicity of the opposite circular modes when the required criteria are fulfilled. Across the normal Brewster's angle. the polarization state of scattered soft x-ray is continuously variable from the RCP to the LCP mode (or vice versa) through the linear s polarization mode by changing the incidence angle of linear p-polarized x rays at the resonance.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
The Limits of Special Relativity
Creators: name: Sidharth, B. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Special Theory of Relativity and the Theory of the Electron have had an interesting history together. Originally the electron was studied in a non relativistic context and this opened up the interesting possibility that lead to the conclusion that the mass of the electron could be thought of entirely in electromagnetic terms without introducing inertial considerations. However the application of Special Relativity lead to several problems, both for an extended electron and the point electron. These inconsistencies have, contrary to popular belief not been resolved satisfactorily today, even within the context of Quantum Theory. Nevertheless these and subsequent studies bring out the interesting result that Special Relativity breaks down within the Compton scale or when the Compton scale is not neglected. This again runs contrary to an uncritical notion that Special Relativity is valid for point particles.
description: 13 pages,TeX
Hilbert transforms and the equidistribution of zeros of polynomials
Creators: name: Carneiro, Emanuel
name: Das, Mithun Kumar
name: Florea, Alexandra
name: Kumchev, Angel V.
name: Malik, Amita
name: Milinovich, Micah B.
name: Turnage-Butterbaugh, Caroline
name: Wang, Jiuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A05, 42A50

description: We improve the current bounds for an inequality of Erdős and Turán from 1950 related to the discrepancy of angular equidistribution of the zeros of a given polynomial. Building upon a recent work of Soundararajan, we establish a novel connection between this inequality and an extremal problem in Fourier analysis involving the maxima of Hilbert transforms, for which we provide a complete solution. Prior to Soundararajan (2019), refinements of the discrepancy inequality of Erdős and Turán had been obtained by Ganelius (1954) and Mignotte (1992).
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, updated to incorporate referee's suggestions
Studying Contagious Disease Spread Utilizing Synthetic Populations: An Agent-based Modeling Framework
Creators: name: J, Author
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460207
subject: Modelling and simulation
classificationCode: 420202
subject: Disease surveillance

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has reshaped societies and brought to the forefront simulation as a tool to explore the spread of the diseases including that of agent-based modeling. Efforts have been made to ground these models on the world around us using synthetic populations that attempt to mimic the population at large. However, we would argue that many of these synthetic populations and therefore the models using them, miss the social connections which were paramount to the spread of the pandemic. Our argument being is that contagious diseases mainly spread through people interacting with each other and therefore the social connections need to be captured. To address this, we create a geographically-explicit synthetic population along with its social network for the Western New York (WNY) Area. This synthetic population is then used to build a framework to explore a hypothetical contagious disease inspired by various of COVID-19. We show simulation results from two scenarios utilizing this framework, which demonstrates the utility of our approach capturing the disease dynamics. As such we show how basic patterns of life along with interactions driven by social networks can lead to the emergence of disease outbreaks and pave the way for researchers to explore the next pandemic utilizing agent-based modeling with geographically explicit social networks.
Failure mechanisms of concrete masonry
Creators: name: Yao, Chicao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The behaviour of concrete masonry under in-plane compression combined with out-of-plane bending was examined both experimentally and analytically. Ungrouted and grouted masonry, both fully bedded or face-shell bedded, were included in the study. It was found that the masonry under the above stated loading conditions may suffer loss of capacity either due to splitting or shear type of material failure, or by instability. Different loading conditions yield different failure mechanisms, which in turn correspond to different apparent strengths. Theoretical developments are presented leading to estimates of capacity for each of these cases. An extensive experimental program involving 104 masonry prism specimens, was conducted to assist and to verify these analyses. Theoretical developments include those directed to explain splitting failure phenomena, to investigate the mortar joint effect, the deformation compatibility of grouted masonry, and to examine the slenderness of tall masonry wall. Experimental measurements and observations made on the specimens include capacity, deformation and failure pattern.
Crystalline silicates and dust processing in the protoplanetary disks of the Taurus young cluster
Creators: name: Watson, Dan M.
name: Leisenring, Jarron M.
name: Furlan, Elise
name: Bohac, C. J.
name: Sargent, B.
name: Forrest, W. J.
name: Calvet, Nuria
name: Hartmann, Lee
name: Nordhaus, Jason T.
name: Green, Joel D.
name: Kim, K. H.
name: Sloan, G. C.
name: Chen, C. H.
name: Keller, L. D.
name: dAlessio, Paola
name: Najita, J.
name: Uchida, Keven I.
name: Houck, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize the crystalline silicate content and spatial distribution of small dust grains in a large sample of protoplanetary disks in the Taurus-Auriga young cluster, using Spitzer Space Telescope mid-infrared spectra. In turn we use the results to analyze the evolution of structure and composition of these 1-2 Myr-old disks around Solar- and later-type young stars, and test the standard models of dust processing which result in the conversion of originally amorphous dust into minerals. We find strong evidence of evolution of the dust crystalline mass fraction in parallel with that of the structure of the disks, in the sense that increasing crystalline mass fraction is strongly linked to dust settling to the disk midplane. We also confirm that the crystalline silicates are confined to small radii, r < 10 AU. However, we see no significant correlation of crystalline mass fraction with stellar mass or luminosity, stellar accretion rate, disk mass, or disk/star mass ratio, as would be expected in the standard models of dust processing based upon photo-evaporation and condensation close to the central star, accretion-heating-driven annealing at r < 1 AU, or spiral-shock heating at r < 10 AU, with or without effective radial mixing mechanisms. Either another grain-crystallizing mechanism dominates over these, or another process must be at work within the disks to erase the correlations they produce. We propose one of each sort that seem to be worth further investigation, namely X-ray heating and annealing of dust grains, and modulation of disk structure by giant-planetary formation and migration.
description: 116 pages, including 11 figures and 4 tables