cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impact of early, weekly drinking on latent classes of alcohol involvement progression and recovery: Evidence from the NESARC Waves 1 and 2.
Creators: name: Green, Kerry M.
name: Reboussin, Beth A.
name: Storr, Carla L.
name: Mojtabai, Ramin
name: Susukida, Ryoko
name: Young, Andrea S.
name: Cullen, Bernadette A.
name: Luken, Amanda
name: Amin-Esmaeili, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2022
Subjects: age of onset
alcohol use disorder
latent transition analyses
sex differences
population-based data

description: Partial funding for Open Access provided by the UMD Libraries' Open Access Publishing Fund.
description: Introduction: Early drinkers have been found to have higher risk of developing alcohol use disorder; however, the association of early drinking with progression to problematic alcohol involvement that does not meet disorder criteria (i.e., subclinical problems) or to severe stages of alcohol involvement, sex-specific associations, and relationship of early drinking with alcohol recovery have rarely been investigated. Methods: Using data from Waves 1 and 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), we applied latent transition analyses to investigate the impact of weekly drinking before age 18 on alcohol progression and recovery operationalized as three classes of alcohol involvement using abuse and dependence indicators. We analyzed data separately for male (n = 12,276) and female (n = 14,750) drinkers and applied propensity score methods to address confounding. Results: We observed significant associations between early, weekly drinking and alcohol involvement class membership at Wave 1 for both males and females. For males, early, weekly drinking was also associated with greater odds of transitioning from moderate to severe alcohol problems (aOR = 3.19, 95% CI = 1.72, 5.35). For females, early, weekly drinking predicted the transition from no to severe problems (aOR = 2.98, 95% CI = 1.11–8.00). Contrary to our hypothesis, early, weekly drinking was associated with greater likelihood of transition from severe to no problems for males (aOR = 3.23, 95% CI = 1.26, 8.26). Discussion: Frequent, early drinking seems to be an important indicator of drinking progression with differential associations by sex. This information is useful to identify those at greater risk of progressing to severe drinking problems to intervene appropriately.
Motion of spinning test bodies in Kerr spacetime
Creators: name: Hackmann, Eva
name: Lämmerzahl, Claus
name: Obukhov, Yuri N.
name: Puetzfeld, Dirk
name: Schaffer, Isabell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the motion of spinning test bodies in General Relativity. By means of a multipolar approximation method for extended test bodies we derive the equations of motion, and classify the orbital motion of pole-dipole test bodies in the equatorial plane of the Kerr geometry. An exact expression for the periastron shift of a spinning test body is given. Implications of test body spin corrections are studied and compared with the results obtained by means of other approximation schemes.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, RevTex format
title: A Typological Classification of Megaliths of Mizoram
Creators: name: Malsawmliana , -
Publisher: name: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology
Year: 2019

description: The practice of raising megalithic monuments is a tradition of the Mizos in early society. Since the purpose and significance of the megalithic tradition in society differed from tribe to tribe and from culture to culture, the Mizos used wood or stone, or both, as memorials to the dead and to the living. Different types of megaliths were available throughout the state, some of which were upright stones, alignments, table stones, cairns, and the like. Therefore, there was a need to undertake a thorough study of megaliths in Mizoram. Thus the paper attempts to classify the megalithic monuments of Mizoram based on typology/megalithic structure.
description: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 2019 (Special Issue 5): Hierarchy and Balance: The Role of Monumentality in European and Indian Landscapes
Monitoring the Conservation Of Open-Air Mesolithic Sites Using Spatial Data Infrastructures: Implications for Cultural Heritage Studies
Creators: name: Gómez-Puche, Magdalena
name: Fernández-López de Pablo, Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Archaeology
data reuse
Mesolithic

description: The integration of SDI technologies and the reuse of archaeological fieldwork data allow to assess the impact of urbanistic and infrastructure development on open-air Mesolithic site’s preservation and provide precise information needed to develop CRM policies at local, regional, and national action levels. In this paper we present two case studies located in Eastern Spain: The Mesolithic open-air sites of Casa Corona (Villena, Alicante province) and El Collado (Oliva, Valencia Province). Both sites, were excavated in rescue operations in 2008 and 1987-1989 respectively, providing Mesolithic burials and human remains of major cultural and bioanthropological scientific significance. However, unexcavated adjacent archaeological areas of both sites have been partially destroyed afterwards.

 Here, we show how the combination of accurate imagery and LIDAR elevation data provided by public (free access) data repositories, primary archaeological spatial data acquired during excavations and published information digitized, can be effectively integrated using Geographic Information Systems to monitor the impact of urbanistic and infrastructure development on both sites and perform risk assessment for future planning. We believe this case study exemplifies the benefits of applying the FAIR principles to Mesolithic archaeological data. We hope that this example will encourage similar actions from fellow professional archaeologists and will foster efficient conservation strategies from public and private stakeholders.
Topographic design in wearable MXene sensors with in-sensor machine learning for full-body avatar reconstruction
Creators: name: Yang, Haitao
name: Li, Jiali
name: Xiao, Xiao
name: Wang, Jiahao
name: Li, Yufei
name: Li, Kerui
name: Li, Zhipeng
name: Yang, Haochen
name: Wang, Qian
name: Yang, Jie
name: Ho, John S.
name: Yeh, Po-Len
name: Mouthaan, Koen
name: Wang, Xiaonan
name: Shah, Sahil
name: Chen, Po-Yen
Publisher: name: Nature Portfolio
Year: 2022

description: Partial funding for Open Access provided by the UMD Libraries' Open Access Publishing Fund.
description: Wearable strain sensors that detect joint/muscle strain changes become prevalent at human–machine interfaces for full-body motion monitoring. However, most wearable devices cannot offer customizable opportunities to match the sensor characteristics with specific deformation ranges of joints/muscles, resulting in suboptimal performance. Adequate wearable strain sensor design is highly required to achieve user-designated working windows without sacrificing high sensitivity, accompanied with real-time data processing. Herein, wearable Ti3C2Tx MXene sensor modules are fabricated with in-sensor machine learning (ML) models, either functioning via wireless streaming or edge computing, for full-body motion classifications and avatar reconstruction. Through topographic design on piezoresistive nanolayers, the wearable strain sensor modules exhibited ultrahigh sensitivities within the working windows that meet all joint deformation ranges. By integrating the wearable sensors with a ML chip, an edge sensor module is fabricated, enabling insensor reconstruction of high-precision avatar animations that mimic continuous full-body motions with an average avatar determination error of 3.5 cm, without additional computing devices.
Non-Vacuum AdS Cosmologies and the Approach to Equilibrium of Entanglement Entropy
Creators: name: Fischetti, Sebastian
name: Kastor, David
name: Traschen, Jennie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend standard results for vacuum asymptotically locally AdS (AlAdS) spacetimes, showing that such spacetimes can be constructed as foliations where the induced metric on each hypersurface satisfies Einstein's equation with stress-energy. By an appropriate choice of stress-energy on the hypersurfaces, the resulting AlAdS spacetime satisfies Einstein's equation with a negative cosmological constant and physical stress tensor. We use this construction to obtain AlAdS solutions whose boundaries are FRW cosmologies sourced by a massless scalar field or by a perfect fluid obeying the strong energy condition. We focus on FRW universes that approach Minkowski spacetime at late times, yielding AlAdS spacetimes that approach either the Poincaré patch of pure AdS or the AdS soliton, which we view as late time equilibrium states. As an application of these solutions, we use the AdS/CFT correspondence to study the approach to equilibrium of the entanglement entropy and of the boundary stress tensor of the boundary CFT. We find that the energy of the asymptotically AdS solitonic solution is consistent with the conjecture that the AdS soliton is the lowest-energy solution to Einstein's equation with negative cosmological constant. The time dependent correction to the entanglement entropy is found to decay like a power law, with rate set by the Hubble parameter and the power determined by the equation of state of the cosmic fluid.
description: 22 pages; v2 references added
Representations of Time Coordinates in FITS
Creators: name: Rots, Arnold H.
name: Bunclark, Peter S.
name: Calabretta, Mark R.
name: Allen, Steven L.
name: Manchester, Richard N.
name: Thompson, William T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a series of three previous papers, formulation and specifics of the representation of World Coordinate Transformations in FITS data have been presented. This fourth paper deals with encoding time. Time on all scales and precisions known in astronomical datasets is to be described in an unambiguous, complete, and self-consistent manner. Employing the well--established World Coordinate System (WCS) framework, and maintaining compatibility with the FITS conventions that are currently in use to specify time, the standard is extended to describe rigorously the time coordinate. World coordinate functions are defined for temporal axes sampled linearly and as specified by a lookup table. The resulting standard is consistent with the existing FITS WCS standards and specifies a metadata set that achieves the aims enunciated above.
description: FITS WCS Paper IV: Time. 27 pages, 11 tables
Sugar and Sweeteners Outlook: August 2022
Creators: name: Abadam, Vidalina
name: Abadam, Vidalina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sugar, sugarcane, sugarbeets, sugar imports, high-tier sugar imports, high-fructose corn syrup, Mexico, USDA, U.S. Department of Agriculture, ERS, Economic Research Service, Export Limit, Suspension Agreements, U.S. Department of Commerce

description: The Sugar and Sweeteners Outlook for August 2022 reviews the sugar and sweetener market conditions for the United States and Mexico based on updates to the August World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates report.
Analyzing identity trajectories within the physics community
Creators: name: Quan, Gina M.
name: Turpen, Chandra
name: Elby, Andrew
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2022

description: Partial funding for Open Access provided by the UMD Libraries' Open Access Publishing Fund.
description: We analyze the identity trajectory of a single case study, Cassidy, within the physics community. We focus our analysis on two settings in the physics community: an undergraduate research experience, and undergraduate coursework. We use video data from three interviews (spanning roughly fifteen months) to longitudinally analyze shifts in participation. We discuss Cassidy’s experience through two constructs: normative identities, Cassidy’s sense of the valued roles within physics, as well as personal identity, who Cassidy is within the physics community and the extent to which she aligns with normative identities. In attending to shifts in the alignment between personal and normative identities, we identify several entry points, or salient events that open up new opportunities for participation.
Microscopic positive-energy potential based on Gogny interaction
Creators: name: Blanchon, G.
name: Dupuis, M.
name: Arellano, H. F.
name: Mau, N. Vinh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present nucleon elastic scattering calculation based on Green's function formalism in the Random-Phase Approximation. For the first time, the Gogny effective interaction is used consistently throughout the whole calculation to account for the complex, non-local and energy-dependent optical potential. Effects of intermediate single-particle resonances are included and found to play a crucial role in the account for measured reaction cross section. Double counting of the particle-hole second-order contribution is carefully addressed. The resulting integro-differential Schrödinger equation for the scattering process is solved without localization procedures. The method is applied to neutron and proton elastic scattering from $^{40}$Ca. A successful account for differential and integral cross sections, including analyzing powers, is obtained for incident energies up to 30 MeV. Discrepancies at higher energies are related to much too high volume integral of the real potential for large partial waves. Moreover, this works opens the way for future effective interactions suitable simultaneously for both nuclear structure and reaction.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
The influence of home environmental factors on kindergarten children’s addition strategy use
Creators: name: DePascale, Mary
name: Jaeggi, Susanne M.
name: Ramani, Geetha B.
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2023

description: Partial funding for Open Access provided by the UMD Libraries' Open Access Publishing Fund.
description: Young children vary widely in their levels of math knowledge, their abilities to solve math problems, and the strategies they use to solve math problems. As much of later math builds on children’s early understanding of basic math facts and problem-solving strategies, understanding influences on children’s early problem solving is important. Few studies, however, have examined the home environment in relation to children’s strategy use during arithmetic problems. We examined how both structural characteristics of children’s home environments, such as socioeconomic status (SES), as well as the learning environment, such as engagement in math and literacy activities at home, related to their use of problem-solving strategies for numerical addition problems. Kindergarten children from diverse backgrounds completed a measure of addition problem solving and strategy use, including simple and complex numerical problems. Strategies were coded based on a combination of accuracy and strategy sophistication, with higher scores indicating problems solved correctly with more sophisticated strategies. Parents completed a home activities questionnaire, reporting the frequency with which they and their child had engaged in math and literacy activities at home over the past month. An exploratory factor analysis identified three components of the home activities - a basic activities factor, an advanced math activities factor, and a literacy activities factor. Findings indicated that SES related to children’s strategy sophistication, and frequency of engaging in advanced math and literacy activities at home predicted strategy sophistication, however, engaging in activities at home did not moderate the relations between SES and strategy sophistication. This suggests that family engagement in activities at home may promote early arithmetic skills, and that the role of home environmental characteristics should be considered in children’s arithmetic strategy use and performance over development.
LoCuSS: Hydrostatic Mass Measurements of the High-$L_X$ Cluster Sample -- Cross-calibration of Chandra and XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Martino, Rossella
name: Mazzotta, Pasquale
name: Bourdin, Hervé
name: Smith, Graham P.
name: Bartalucci, Iacopo
name: Marrone, Daniel P.
name: Finoguenov, Alexis
name: Okabe, Nobuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a consistent analysis of Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of an approximately mass-selected sample of 50 galaxy clusters at $0.15
description: 21 pages, 11 figures
Analysis of a Nonlinear Inverse Dispersion Relation in a Magnetized Electron - Positron -Ion Plasmas
Creators: name: Lukiya, Nazziwa
name: Habumugisha Isaac
name: Jurua Edward
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Plasma
Inverse dispersion relation
Numerical method

description: A theoretical investigation is carried out to understand the basic properties of obliquely propagating nonlinear ion acoustic solitary structures (IASS) in magnetized e-p-i plasmas. In this model, a nonlinear inverse dispersion relation for electrons and positrons that follow a kappa distribution and inertial cold ion fluids is derived and solved numerically. It is shown that the square of frequency decreases while wavelength of IASS increases with increasing values of superthermality of electrons and positrons, ion to electron temperature ratio and angle of propagation of positive solution of the dispersion relation. It is also found that square of frequency of the IASS increases while wavelength decreases with increasing values unperturbed positron to ion density ratio.
Concussion in Women's Flat-Track Roller Derby
Creators: name: Stockbridge, Melissa D.
name: Keser, Zafer
name: Newman, Rochelle S.
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2022
Subjects: cognition
concussion
language
psychometric assessment
roller derby

description: Partial funding for Open Access provided by the UMD Libraries' Open Access Publishing Fund.
description: Concussions are common among flat-track roller derby players, a unique and under-studied sport, but little has been done to assess how common they are or what players can do to manage injury risk. The purpose of this study is to provide an epidemiological investigation of concussion incidence and experience in a large international sampling of roller derby players. Six hundred sixty-five roller derby players from 25 countries responded to a comprehensive online survey about injury and sport participation. Participants also responded to a battery of psychometric assessment tools targeting risk-factors for poor injury recovery (negative bias, social support, mental toughness) and players' thoughts and feelings in response to injury. Per 1,000 athletes, 790.98 concussions were reported. Current players reported an average of 2.2 concussions, while former players reported 3.1 concussions. However, groups were matched when these figures were corrected for differences in years of play (approximately one concussion every 2 years). Other frequent injuries included fractures in extremities and upper limbs, torn knee ligaments, and sprained ankles. We found no evidence that players' position, full-contact scrimmages, or flooring impacted number of concussions. However, neurological history and uncorrected vision were more influential predictors of an individual's number of concussions during roller derby than years of participation or age, though all four contributed significantly. These findings should assist athletes in making informed decisions about participation in roller derby, though more work is needed to understand the nature of risk.
Structural dynamics in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein.
Creators: name: Calvaresi, Valeria
name: Wrobel, Antoni G
name: Toporowska, Joanna
name: Hammerschmid, Dietmar
name: Doores, Katie J
name: Bradshaw, Richard T
name: Parsons, Ricardo B
name: Benton, Donald J
name: Roustan, Chloë
name: Reading, Eamonn
name: Malim, Michael H
name: Gamblin, Steve J
name: Politis, Argyris
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: Structural Biology & Biophysics
Cell Cycle & Chromosomes
Chemical Biology & High Throughput
Infectious Disease
Metabolism

description: SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein mediates receptor binding and subsequent membrane fusion. It exists in a range of conformations, including a closed state unable to bind the ACE2 receptor, and an open state that does so but displays more exposed antigenic surface. Spikes of variants of concern (VOCs) acquired amino acid changes linked to increased virulence and immune evasion. Here, using HDX-MS, we identified changes in spike dynamics that we associate with the transition from closed to open conformations, to ACE2 binding, and to specific mutations in VOCs. We show that the RBD-associated subdomain plays a role in spike opening, whereas the NTD acts as a hotspot of conformational divergence of VOC spikes driving immune evasion. Alpha, beta and delta spikes assume predominantly open conformations and ACE2 binding increases the dynamics of their core helices, priming spikes for fusion. Conversely, substitutions in omicron spike lead to predominantly closed conformations, presumably enabling it to escape antibodies. At the same time, its core helices show characteristics of being pre-primed for fusion even in the absence of ACE2. These data inform on SARS-CoV-2 evolution and omicron variant emergence.
Inclusive production of Higgs boson in the two-photon channel at the LHC within $k_{t}$-factorization approach and with the Standard Model couplings
Creators: name: Szczurek, Antoni
name: Luszczak, Marta
name: Maciula, Rafal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate differential cross sections for Higgs boson and/or two-photon production from intermediate (virtual) Higgs boson within the formalism of $k_t$-factorization. The off-shell $g^* g^* \to H$ matrix elements are used. We compare results obtained with infinite top fermion (quark) mass and with finite mass taken into account. The latter effect is rather small. We compare results with different unintegrated gluon distributions from the literature. Two methods are used. In the first method first Higgs boson is produced in the $2 \to 1$ $g g \to H$ $k_t$-factorization approach and then isotropic decay with the Standard Model branching fraction is performed. In the second method we calculate directly two photons coupled to the virtual Higgs boson. The results of the two methods are compared and differences are discussed. The results for two photons from the Higgs boson are compared with recent ATLAS collaboration data. In contrast to a recent calculation the leading order $g g \to H$ contribution is rather small compared to the ATLAS experimental data ($γγ$ transverse momentum and rapidity distributions) for all unintegrated gluon distributions from the literature. We include also higher-order contribution $g g \to H (\to γγ) g$, $g g \to g H g$ and the contribution of the $W^+ W^-$ and $Z^0 Z^0$. The $gg\to Hg$ mechanism gives similar cross section as the $gg\to H$ mechanism. We argue that there is almost no double counting when adding $gg\to H$ and $gg\to Hg$ contributions due to different topology of Feynman diagrams. The final sum is comparable with the ATLAS two-photon data. We discuss uncertainties related to both the theoretical approach and existing UGDFs.
description: 25 pages, 25 figures, 1 table, a missprint corrected, 2 references added
Актуальные вопросы современной экономики,Выпуск 5 2023
Creators: name: ООО "Институт развития образования и консалтинга"
Publisher: name: ООО "Институт развития образования и консалтинга"
Year: 2023

description: Актуальные вопросы современной экономики,Выпуск 5 2023
The giant escape neurons of crayfish: Past discoveries and present opportunities
Creators: name: Herberholz, Jens
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2022
Subjects: crayfish
escape
neurons
circuits
synapses
history

description: Partial funding for Open Access provided by the UMD Libraries' Open Access Publishing Fund.
description: Crayfish are equipped with two prominent neural circuits that control rapid, stereotyped escape behaviors. Central to these circuits are bilateral pairs of giant neurons that transverse the nervous system and generate escape tail-flips in opposite directions away from threatening stimuli.
Envelope function method for electrons in slowly-varying inhomogeneously deformed crystals
Creators: name: Li, Wenbin
name: Qian, Xiaofeng
name: Li, Ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new envelope-function formalism to describe electrons in slowly-varying inhomogeneously strained semiconductor crystals. A coordinate transformation is used to map a deformed crystal back to geometrically undeformed structure with deformed crystal potential. The single-particle Schrödinger equation is solved in the undeformed coordinates using envelope function expansion, wherein electronic wavefunctions are written in terms of strain-parametrized Bloch functions modulated by slowly varying envelope functions. Adopting local approximation of electronic structure, the unknown crystal potential in Schrödinger equation can be replaced by the strain-parametrized Bloch functions and the associated strain-parametrized energy eigenvalues, which can be constructed from unit-cell level ab initio or semi-empirical calculations of homogeneously deformed crystals at a chosen crystal momentum. The Schrödinger equation is then transformed into a coupled differential equation for the envelope functions and solved as a generalized matrix eigenvector problem. As the envelope functions are slowly varying, coarse spatial or Fourier grid can be used to represent the envelope functions, enabling the method to treat relatively large systems. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this method using a one-dimensional model, where we show that the method can achieve high accuracy in the calculation of energy eigenstates with relatively low cost compared to direct diagonalization of Hamiltonian. We further derive envelope function equations that allow the method to be used empirically, in which case certain parameters in the envelope function equations will be fitted to experimental data.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Rounding of abrupt phase transitions in brain networks
Creators: name: Martín, Paula Villa
name: Moretti, Paolo
name: Muñoz, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of critical-like behavior in cortical networks represents a major step forward in elucidating how the brain manages information. Understanding the origin and functionality of critical-like dynamics, as well as their robustness, is a major challenge in contemporary neuroscience. Here, we present an extensive numerical study of a family of simple dynamic models, which describe activity propagation in brain networks through the integration of different neighboring spiking potentials, mimicking basic neural interactions. The requirement of signal integration may lead to discontinuous phase transitions in networks that are well described by the mean field approximation, thus preventing the emergence of critical points in such systems. Here we show that criticality in the brain is instead robust, as a consequence of the hierarchical organization of the higher layers of cortical networks, which signals a departure from the mean-field paradigm. We show that, in finite-dimensional hierarchical networks, discontinuous phase transitions exhibit a rounding phenomenon and turn continuous for values of the topological dimension $D\le 2$, due to the presence of structural or topological disorder. Our results may prove significant in explaining the observation of traits of critical behavior in large-scale measurements of brain activity.
description: 10 pages
The plant hormone ethylene promotes abiotic stress tolerance in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha
Creators: name: Bharadwaj, Priyanka S.
name: Sanchez, Lizbeth
name: Li, Dongdong
name: Enyi, Divine
name: Van De Poel, Bram
name: Chang, Caren
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2022
Subjects: abiotic stress
ethylene
liverwort
heat stress
salinity
nutrient deficiency
far-red (FR) light

description: Partial funding for Open Access provided by the UMD Libraries' Open Access Publishing Fund.
description: Plants are often faced with an array of adverse environmental conditions and must respond appropriately to grow and develop. In angiosperms, the plant hormone ethylene is known to play a protective role in responses to abiotic stress. Here we investigated whether ethylene mediates resistance to abiotic stress in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, one of the most distant land plant relatives of angiosperms. Using existing M. polymorpha knockout mutants of Mpein3, and Mpctr1, two genes in the ethylene signaling pathway, we examined responses to heat, salinity, nutrient deficiency, and continuous far-red light. The Mpein3 and Mpctr1 mutants were previously shown to confer ethylene insensitivity and constitutive ethylene responses, respectively. Using mild or sub-lethal doses of each stress treatment, we found that Mpctr1 mutants displayed stress resilience similar to or greater than the wild type. In contrast, Mpein3 mutants showed less resilience than the wild type. Consistent with ethylene being a stress hormone, we demonstrated that ethylene production is enhanced by each stress treatment. These results suggest that ethylene plays a role in protecting against abiotic stress in M. polymorpha, and that ethylene has likely been conserved as a stress hormone since before the evolutionary divergence of bryophytes from the land plant lineage approximately 450 Ma.
Magnetic anisotropic effects and electronic correlations in MnBi ferromagnet
Creators: name: Antropov, V. P.
name: Antonov, V. N.
name: Bekenov, L. V.
name: Kutepov, A.
name: Kotliar, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure and numerous magnetic properties of MnBi magnetic systems are investigated using local spin density approximation (LSDA) with on-cite Coulomb correlations (LSDA+$U$) included. We show that the inclusion of Coulomb correlations provides a much better description of equilibrium magnetic moments on Mn atom as well as the magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) behavior with temperature and magneto-optical effects. We found that the inversion of the anisotropic pairwise exchange interaction between Bi atoms is responsible for the observed spin reorientation transition at 90 K. This interaction appears as a result of strong spin orbit coupling on Bi atoms, large magnetic moments on Mn atoms, significant $p-d$ hybridization between Mn and Bi atoms, and it depends strongly on lattice constants. A better agreement with the magneto-optical Kerr measurements at higher energies is obtained. We also present the detailed investigation of the Fermi surface, the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect and the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism in MnBi.
Sir James Whyte Black OM - Bibliography from Sir James Whyte Black OM. 14 June 1924—22 March 2010
Creators: name: McGrath, John Christie
name: Bond, Richard A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: James Whyte Black was a Scottish pharmacologist who trained in medicine at St Andrews University and had a career in drug invention and academic pharmacology, moving several times between universities and the pharmaceutical industry. He was awarded the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his drug invention method, which was to build molecules around the structure of a natural chemical activator of a pathway involved in the aetiology of a disease. This produced two extremely useful drug categories, beta-blockers and histamine H2-antagonists, with huge impact on the previously intractable diseases of angina, hypertension and stomach ulcers. In 2000 he was awarded the UK's highest honour, the Order of Merit (OM). His ideas on analytical pharmacology had a significant effect on the development of the discipline in the late twentieth century.
Decomposition of bounded degree graphs into $C_4$-free subgraphs
Creators: name: Kang, Ross J.
name: Perarnau, Guillem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15, 05D40, 05C35, 05C55

description: We prove that every graph with maximum degree $Δ$ admits a partition of its edges into $O(\sqrtΔ)$ parts (as $Δ\to\infty$) none of which contains $C_4$ as a subgraph. This bound is sharp up to a constant factor. Our proof uses an iterated random colouring procedure.
description: 8 pages; to appear in European Journal of Combinatorics
Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry Outlook: August 2022
Creators: name: Knight, Russell
name: Taylor, Hannah
name: Hahn, William
name: Teran, Angel
name: Haley, Mildred
name: Grossen, Grace
name: Valcu-Lisman, Adriana
name: Cornelius, Margaret
name: Knight, Russell
name: Taylor, Hannah
name: Hahn, William
name: Teran, Angel
name: Haley, Mildred
name: Grossen, Grace
name: Valcu-Lisman, Adriana
name: Cornelius, Margaret
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Livestock, dairy, poultry, sheep, lamb, beef, pork, cattle, hogs, milk, trade, exports, imports, production, red meats, dairy products, butter, cheese, turkey, eggs, broilers, retail beef price inflation

description: The Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry Outlook for August 2022 analyzes economic impacts of month-to-month changes in USDA’s World Agricultural Supply and Use Estimates Report on domestic and international markets for beef, pork, lamb, poultry, eggs, and dairy products.
description: Errata Note: On August 23, 2022, the Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry Outlook: August 2022 was corrected to remove a duplicated paragraph in the text. No data or conclusions were changed.
Optimal randomness generation from optical Bell experiments
Creators: name: Máttar, Alejandro
name: Skrzypczyk, Paul
name: Brask, Jonatan Bohr
name: Cavalcanti, Daniel
name: Acín, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Genuine randomness can be certified from Bell tests without any detailed assumptions on the working of the devices with which the test is implemented. An important class of experiments for implementing such tests is optical setups based on polarisation measurements of entangled photons distributed from a spontaneous parametric down conversion source. Here we compute the maximal amount of randomness which can be certified in such setups under realistic conditions. We provide relevant yet unexpected numerical values for the physical parameters and achieve four times more randomness than previous methods.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Vibrational and Ghost-Vibrational Resonances in A Modified Chua's Circuit Model Equation
Creators: name: Abirami, K.
name: Rajasekar, S.
name: Sanjuan, M. A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of the number of breakpoints $N$ in the sawtooth form of the characteristic function in the modified Chua's circuit model equation on vibrational and ghost-vibrational resonances is investigated in this paper. To observe vibrational resonance the system should be driven by two periodic forces of frequencies $ω$ and $Ω$, with $Ω\ggω$. Resonance occurs at the frequency $ω$ when the amplitude of the high-frequency force is varied. When the system is subjected to an input signal containing multi-frequencies which are higher-order of a certain (missing) fundamental frequency, then a resonance at the missing fundamental frequency is induced by the high-frequency input signal and is called ghost-vibrational resonance. In both types of resonances, the number of resonances is $N$ and hysteresis occurs in each resonance region. There are some similarities and differences in these two resonance phenomena. We report in detail the influence of the role of number of breakpoints $N$ on the features of vibrational and ghost-vibrational resonances.
description: This paper is accepted in International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos
XMM-Newton RGS observations of the Cat's Eye Nebula
Creators: name: Guerrero, M. A.
name: Toalá, J. A.
name: Chu, Y. -H.
name: Gruendl, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of XMM-Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) observations of the planetary nebula (PN) NGC 6543, rendering it the second PN with high resolution X-ray spectroscopic observations besides BD+30 3639. The observations consist of 26 pointings, of which 14 included RGS observations for a total integration time of 435 ks. Many of these observations, however, were severely affected by high-background levels, and the net useful exposure time is drastically reduced to 25 ks. Only the O VII triplet at 22 Å is unambiguously detected in the RGS spectrum of NGC 6543. We find this spectrum consistent with an optically thin plasma at 0.147 keV (1.7 MK) and nebular abundances. Unlike the case of BD+30 3639, the X-ray emission from NGC 6543 does not reveal overabundances of C and Ne. The results suggest the N/O ratio of the hot plasma is consistent with that of the stellar wind, i.e., lower than the nebular N/O ratio, but this result is not conclusive.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; Accepted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
"Mein Gott, es ist doch unser Fluss! Sollten wir ihn nicht schützen? Was wären wir denn ohne ihn?"
Creators: name: Shaw, Sylvie
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 48 Nr. 5 (2012): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 48, Heft 5
Notizheft 60
Creators: name: Wölfflin, Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1916

description: Heinrich Wölfflin
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2019 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln hof
description: Beilage nach vorderem Buchdeckel (a) und nach Blatt b (b). Beilagen 2018 separiert.
Mobility changes during pandemic
Creators: name: Jongchan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: COVID19 has changed many aspects of our lives. One of the significant impacts is on mobility. As the number of confirmed cases increased, some countries in Europe implemented lockdown and its impact on SARS-CoV-2 and mobility was strong. In this report, mobility changes during pandemic have been analyzed. Apple's mobility data contains daily changes in requests for directions by transportation type including driving and walking. Google's mobility data shows the movement of travel by time and region across different categories of locations, including - retail_and_recreation - grocery_and_pharmacy - parks - transit_stations - workplaces - residential area The report is published on the website. : https://kim-jongchan.github.io/projects/Mobility-Changes-Analysis/
The puzzling source IGR J17361-4441 in NGC 6388: a possible planetary tidal disruption event
Creators: name: Del Santo, Melania
name: Nucita, Achille A.
name: Lodato, Giuseppe
name: Manni, Luigi
name: De Paolis, Francesco
name: Farihi, Jay
name: De Cesare, Giovanni
name: Segreto, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On 2011 August 11, INTEGRAL discovered the hard X-ray source IGR J17361-4441 near the centre of the globular cluster NGC 6388. Follow up observations with Chandra showed the position of the transient was inconsistent with the cluster dynamical centre, and thus not related to its possible intermediate mass black hole. The source showed a peculiar hard spectrum (Gamma \approx 0.8) and no evidence of QPOs, pulsations, type-I bursts, or radio emission. Based on its peak luminosity, IGR J17361-4441 was classified as a very faint X-ray transient, and most likely a low-mass X-ray binary. We re-analysed 200 days of Swift/XRT observations, covering the whole outburst of IGR J17361-4441 and find a t^{-5/3} trend evident in the light curve, and a thermal emission component that does not evolve significantly with time. We investigate whether this source could be a tidal disruption event, and for certain assumptions find an accretion efficiency epsilon \approx 3.5E-04 (M_{Ch}/M) consistent with a massive white dwarf, and a disrupted minor body mass M_{mb}=1.9E+27(M/M_{Ch}) g in the terrestrial-icy planet regime. These numbers yield an inner disc temperature of the order kT_{in} \approx 0.04 keV, consistent with the blackbody temperature of kT_{in} \approx 0.08 keV estimated by spectral fitting. Although the density of white dwarfs and the number of free-floating planets are uncertain, we estimate the rate of planetary tidal disruptions in NGC 6388 to be in the range 3E-06 to 3E-04 yr^{-1}. Averaged over the Milky Way globular clusters, the upper limit value corresponds to 0.05 yr^{-1}, consistent with the observation of a single event by INTEGRAL and Swift.
description: Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Main Journal on 2014 July 16; 9 pages, 5 figures. Added references; corrected typos
Quantum electrodynamical time-dependent density functional theory on a lattice
Creators: name: Farzanehpour, Mehdi
name: Tokatly, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a rigorous formulation of the time-dependent density functional theory for interacting lattice electrons strongly coupled to cavity photons. We start with an example of one particle on a Hubbard dimer coupled to a single photonic mode, which is equivalent to the single mode spin-boson model or the quantum Rabi model. For this system we prove that the electron-photon wave function is a unique functional of the electronic density and the expectation value of the photonic coordinate, provided the initial state and the density satisfy a set of well defined conditions. Then we generalize the formalism to many interacting electrons on a lattice coupled to multiple photonic modes and prove the general mapping theorem. We also show that for a system evolving from the ground state of a lattice Hamiltonian any density with a continuous second time derivative is locally $v$-representable.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Sir Charles Kuen Kao GBM KBE - Bibliography from SIR CHARLES KUEN KAO. 4 November 1933 — 23 September 2018
Creators: name: Midwinter, John
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Charles Kao was the pioneer who suggested using glass fibre waveguide as a means of carrying laser-light over long distances for telecommunications traffic. In his seminal paper published in 1966, he spelled out the appropriate design parameters and performance characteristics that would be needed for a successful system to emerge. At the time, the idea was widely ridiculed. Within a few years, however, in a brilliant set of spectrophotometric experiments, Kao demonstrated that pure silicon dioxide materials exist that have the required very low attenuation. In due course, the problems of creating optical fibres of the required dimensions and strength were solved and optical fibres now dominate telecommunications worldwide. Without them, contemporary communications would be unthinkable. Kao was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics for his ‘groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibres for optical communication’.
A note on the strong convergence of two-dimensional Walsh-Fourier series
Creators: name: Tephnadze, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C10

description: The main aim of this paper is to investigate the quadratical partial sums of the two-dimensional Walsh-Fourier series.
description: Walsh system, Strong convergence, martingale Hardy space. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1410.7205
Minimal model of point contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy of multiband superconductors
Creators: name: Romeo, F.
name: Citro, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a minimal model of point contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy of a normal- metal/multiband superconductor interface. The theory generalizes the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk (BTK) formulation to a multiband superconductor and it is based on the quantum waveguides theory. The proposed approach allows an analytic evaluation of the Andreev and normal reflection coefficients and thus is suitable for a data fitting of point contact experiments. The obtained differential conductance curves present distinctive features similar to the ones measured in the experiments on multiband systems, like the iron-based pnictides and the MgB2.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Understanding the Formation and Evolution of Interstellar Ices: A Bayesian Approach
Creators: name: Makrymallis, Antonios
name: Viti, Serena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the physical conditions of dark molecular clouds and star forming regions is an inverse problem subject to complicated chemistry that varies non-linearly with time and the physical environment. In this paper we apply a Bayesian approach based on a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method for solving the non-linear inverse problems encountered in astrochemical modelling. We use observations for ice and gas species in dark molecular clouds and a time dependent, gas grain chemical model to infer the values of the physical and chemical parameters that characterize quiescent regions of molecular clouds. We show evidence that in high dimensional problems, MCMC algorithms provide a more efficient and complete solution than more classical strategies. The results of our MCMC method enable us to derive statistical estimates and uncertainties for the physical parameters of interest as a result of the Bayesian treatment.
description: 40 pages, 4 figures, Published in the the Astrophysical Journal