cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Τεχνικές εκμάθησης πολλαπλών πυρήνων για την πρόβλεψη ιδιοτήτων εδαφών
Creators: name: Καραΐσκου, Σοφία Γρηγορίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Εκμάθηση πολλαπλών πυρήνων
Ευθυγράμμιση πυρήνα
Φασματοσκοπία
Multiple kernel learning
Kernel alignment
Spectroscopy

description: Τα τελευταία χρόνια, στον τομέα της Μηχανικής Μάθησης έχουν προταθεί αρκετές μέθοδοι που συνδυάζουν πολλαπλούς πυρήνες αντί για ένα μοναδικό. Οι αλγόριθμοι του μοντέλου Εκμάθησης Πολλαπλών Πυρήνων ασχολούνται με την ταυτόχρονη εκμάθηση του βέλτιστου πυρήνα από τα δεδομένα εκπαίδευσης μαζί με την εκμάθηση μιας συνάρτησης που παράγει τα δεδομένα. Η χρήση τους σε συνδυασμό με τις Μηχανές Διανυσμάτων Υποστήριξης έχουν ανοίξει νέες προοπτικές για την αντιμετώπιση σύνθετων και μεγάλης κλίμακας προβλημάτων του πραγματικού κόσμου. Στην παρούσα εργασία, διατυπώνεται ένα μοντέλο Πολλαπλών Πυρήνων Εκμάθησης υλοποιώντας δυο αλγόριθμους εκμάθησης πυρήνων βάσει της κεντραρισμένης ευθυγράμμισης, όπως προτάθηκαν από την Cortes: τον απλό αλγόριθμο ανεξάρτητης ευθυγράμμισης align και τον αλγόριθμο βελτιστοποίησης ευθυγράμμισης alignf, με σκοπό την εκτίμηση ορισμένων ιδιοτήτων του εδάφους, όπως η ποσότητα του οργανικού άνθρακα, η ποσότητα του αργίλου και άλλα. Αυτή η εκτίμηση πραγματοποιήθηκε με τη χρήση της φασματοσκοπίας διάχυτης ανάκλασης του εδάφους με ορατή και κοντινή υπέρυθρη ακτινοβολία, συγκεκριμένα με τα διαθέσιμα δείγματα της φασματικής βιβλιοθήκης LUCAS.
description: In recent years, several methods of Machine Learning have been proposed to combine multiple kernels instead of using a single one. Multiple Kernel Learning algorithms aims at simultaneously deals with learning the optimal kernel from training data along with learning the function that generates the data. Their use combined with Support Vector Machines has opened new perspectives in order to deal with complex and large-scale problems of the true world. In this paper, Multiple Kernel Learning is formulated two algorithms for learning kernels based on centered alignment: the simple independent alignment-based algorithm align and the alignment maximization algorithm alignf, for the purpose of estimating certain soil properties, such as the amount of organic carbon, the amount of clay and so on. This estimation was held using Visible and Near InfraRed Reflectance Spectroscopy, in particular with available samples from the LUCAS spectral library.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Λογιστικής και Χρηματοοικονομικής (Πανεπιστήμιο Μακεδονίας)
Supplementary Figure 1 Performance development over training from Binocular disparity-based learning is retinotopically specific and independent of sleep
Creators: name: Klinzing, Jens G.
name: Herbrik, Lena
name: Nienborg, Hendrikje
name: Rauss, Karsten
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Performance (mean ± 95 % boot-strapped confidence interval) after splitting training trials into three blocks of equal length (Training 1-3). Data are shown for the parameters Slope (a) and Threshold (b) of the psychometric function. In none of the training blocks and for neither parameter did sleep and wake conditions differ significantly (all Holm-corrected p = 1.0). Bars in insets show the difference between conditions in gain (change over retention period; (RetrievalSleep – Training 3Sleep) – (RetrievalWake – Training 3Wake)) for each subject. Positive values thus denote higher gain on that parameter in the sleep condition, negative values higher gain in the wake condition. For the parameter Slope, only 16 bars are shown because one of the values from one subject was dropped during outlier rejection. Differential gains over the retention period were analysed directly using a Wake/Sleep × Phase ANOVA including only the last Training block and Retrieval.
Considerations on the Unruh Effect: Causality and Regularization
Creators: name: Schlicht, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is motivated by the observation, that calculations of the Unruh effect based on idealized particle detectors are usually made in a way that involves integrations along the {\em entire} detector trajectory up to the infinitely remote {\em future}. We derive an expression which allows time-dependence of the detector response in the case of a non-stationary trajectory and conforms more explicitely to the principle of causality, namely that the response at a given instant of time depends only on the detectors {\em past} movements. On trying to reproduce the thermal Unruh spectrum we are led to an unphysical result, which we trace down to the use of the standard regularization $t\to t-i\eps$ of the correlation function. By consistently employing a rigid detector of finite extension, we are led to a different regularization which works fine with our causal response function.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, v2: some minor changes
Endogeneity and Structural Change in Korean Meat Demand
Creators: name: Kim, Hyeyoung
name: Kim, Hyeyoung
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Demand Systems
subject: Endogeneity
subject: Structural Change
subject: Korean Meat Demand

description: The endogeneity of prices and quantities and structural change in Korean meat demand are tested in this paper. Both Almost Ideal Demand System(AIDS) and Inverse Almost Ideal Demand System(IAIDS) are estimated using quarterly data from 1991 through 2001. The results of Hausman's specification tests show that prices of domestic beef and import beef in AIDS and quantities of domestic beef and pork in IAIDS appear to be endogenous. The results of Wald tests indicate that there was a structural change caused by the Korean financial crisis in 1997.
Tia Maji – Second Movement Soundscape
Creators: name: Clacherty, Bronwen
name: Bruinders, Sylvia
name: Damodaran, Sumangala
Publisher: name: University of Cape Town
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 190409 Musicology and Ethnomusicology
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 190407 Music Performance
subject: 190504 Performance and Installation Art

description: This audio clip was created by Bronwen Clacherty. It is a soundscape that accompanies the second movement of Clacherty’s doctoral performance of Tia Maji, which was performed on 2–4 October 2019 at the Theatre Arts Admin Collective, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa. In the audio clip you can hear the sounds of Zanzibar Town and a piano piece performed by Bronwen Clacherty. This sample accompanies Bronwen Clacherty’s (2021) PhD dissertation entitled “Understanding the History of Women's Lives in Zanzibar Through Song and Story: A Gendered Perspective.”
Significance of the Maintenance of Korea s Developing Country Status in the WTO Negotiations on Agriculture: A Comparative Analysis on the Harbinson s First Draft
Creators: name: Lim, Jeongbin
name: Lim, Jeongbin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: WTO/DDA
subject: Chairman's draft
subject: Tariff
subject: Domestic subsidy
subject: Developing Country Status

description: WTO DDA agricultural negotiations is carrying out as a part of the New Round. Now it is under the making process of modality for each negotiating issue. Recently. Chairman's first draft(revision) of modality for agricultural negotiation was distributed to member countries in march 2003. According to the first draft(revision) of modality, the results of current agricultural negotiation may be characterized in more reformative methods and strengthened special and differential treatment for developing countries than those of UR negotiation on agriculture. Thus, it is vital for Korean agricultural sector to maintain the developing country status in terms of both minimizing negative impacts and faithfully implementing its commitments on agricultural sector. We need to prepare the effective strategies and tactics coping with the international challenges to our status in WTO negotiations on agriculture.
Γήρανση του δέρματος και διατροφή
Creators: name: Καραγιαννίδου, Κυριακή Σάββα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Γήρανση του δέρματος
Ελεύθερες ρίζες
Διατροφή
Αντιοξειδωτικά συστατικά
Skin Aging
Free radicals
Nutrition
Antioxidants

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση της διαδικασίας της γήρανσης του δέρματος, της μελέτης του αντιοξειδωτικού αμυντικού μηχανισμού του ανθρώπινου οργανισμού έναντι των βλαπτικών επιδράσεων των ελεύθερων ριζών, καθώς και των σημαντικότερων εξωγενών παραγόντων, που επιταχύνουν τη γήρανση του δέρματος. Επιπλέον γίνεται εκτενής ανάλυση των αντιοξειδωτικών παραγόντων που λαμβάνονται από τη διατροφή και δρουν προασπιστικά στη γήρανση του δέρματος. Στο τέλος της εργασίας παρατίθεται τριήμερο διαιτολόγιο, που περιλαμβάνει προϊόντα διατροφής με αντιγηραντικές ιδιότητες.
description: The primary purpose of this senior thesis is the bibliographic review of the process of skin ageing, the study of the antioxidant defence mechanism of the human body against the destructive effects of free radicals, and the most crucial external factors that speed up skin ageing. Furthermore, an extensive analysis of the external antioxidant factors that are linked to nutrition and play a significant defensive role in skin ageing is demonstrated. At the end of the thesis, a three-day nutrition plan is presented. This plan includes products with anti-ageing qualities.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Ιατρικής (Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης)
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Πολιτικών Μηχανικών T.E. (Αλεξάνδρειο Τ.Ε.Ι. Θεσσαλονίκης)
Abatement and transaction costs of carbon-sink projects involving smallholders
Creators: name: Cacho, Oscar
name: Lipper, Leslie
name: Cacho, Oscar
name: Lipper, Leslie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Agroforestry projects have the potential to help mitigate global warming by acting as sinks for greenhouse gasses. However, participation in carbon-sink projects may be constrained by high costs. This problem may be particularly severe for projects involving smallholders in developing countries. Of particular concern are the transaction costs incurred in developing projects, measuring, certifying and selling the carbon-sequestration services generated by such projects. This paper addresses these issues by analysing the implications of transaction and abatement costs in carbon-sequestration projects. A model of project participation is developed, which accounts for the conditions under which both buyers and sellers would be willing to engage in a carbon transaction that involves a long-term commitment. The model is used to identify critical project-design variables (minimum project size, farm price of carbon, minimum area of participating farms). A project feasibility frontier (PFF) is derived, which shows the minimum project size that is feasible for any given market price of carbon. The PFF is used to analyse how the transaction costs imposed by the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol affect project feasibility.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ah632e.pdf
Cost-utility analysis of alemtuzumab in comparison with interferon beta, fingolimod, and natalizumab treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in Austria
Creators: name: Walter, Evelyn
name: Berger, Thomas
name: Bajer-Kornek, Barbara
name: Deisenhammer, Florian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic progressive, demyelinating, inflammatory disease, affects 2.5 million people worldwide. Approximately 63% of cases are classified as relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) at the time of diagnosis. The aim of this cost-utility analysis is to evaluate alemtuzumab vs interferon beta (intramuscular [IM] interferon beta-1a, subcutaneous [SC] interferon beta-1a, SC interferon beta-1b, and SC pegylated interferon beta-1a) in previously treated, and vs SC interferon beta-1a, fingolimod, and natalizumab in untreated RRMS patients to determine the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio among the treatment alternatives as prices, the route, and the frequency of administration of considered products vary significantly. Methods: The primary outcome was the modeled incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER; €/quality-adjusted life-year [QALY] gained). Markov modeling with a 10-year time horizon was carried out. During each 3-month cycle, patients maintained the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score or experienced progression, developed secondary progressive MS (SPMS), or showed EDSS progression in SPMS; experienced relapses; suffered from an adverse event (AE); changed treatment; or died. A published network meta-analysis (NMA) was used for indirect comparison. The possibility of a therapy switch was considered. Clinical input data and resource utilization data were derived from the literature. Costs were extracted from price lists published in Austria and were calculated from the payer’s perspective. Results: In treatment naïve patients, alemtuzumab is associated with costs of €132,663 and 5.25 QALYs in a 10-year time horizon. Costs for SC interferon beta amount to €164,159 and generate 4.85 QALYs. Also, in the pre-treated patients, alemtuzumab dominated comparators by accumulating higher total QALYs (4.88) and lower total costs (€137.409) compared to interferon beta-1a (€200.133), fingolimod (€240.903), and natalizumab (€247.758). Conclusion: The analysis shows that alemtuzumab is a cost-saving alternative to treat RRMS in pre-treated and therapy naïve patients. From the patient perspective, alemtuzumab improves quality-of-life.
Reducing the mirrors coating noise in laser gravitational-wave antennae by means of double mirrors
Creators: name: Khalili, F. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent researches show that the fluctuations of the dielectric mirrors coating thickness can introduce a substantial part of the future laser gravitational-wave antennae total noise budget. These fluctuations are especially large in the high-reflectivity end mirrors of the Fabry-Perot cavities which are being used in the laser gravitational-wave antennae. We show here that the influence of these fluctuations can be substantially decreased by using additional short Fabry-Perot cavities, tuned in anti-resonance instead of the end mirrors.
description: 7 pages, 3 eps figures
Lessons from research for les familles exogames
Creators: name: Blanchette Deans, Rachelle
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This project examines the lessons from research for les familles exogames. The expression “les familles exogames” is used in the French Early Childhood Education and Education sectors in Ontario to refer to families where one parent is French speaking, while the other has another language (predominantly English) (Ontario Ministry of Education, 2004). The focus of this paper is on parental decisions with respect to language or languages spoken at home and choosing early childhood settings and schools.
Measuring vulnerability to food insecurity
Creators: name: Scaramozzino, Pasquale
name: Scaramozzino, Pasquale
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: This paper develops a novel approach to the analysis of vulnerability in the context of food security. The proposed methodology incorporates recent developments in the analysis of risk management. It can be applied to estimate the probability that a household or a community might fall below a critical food security threshold at some time in the future. The methodology also aims to identify the risk management strategies which are most effective in reducing the likelihood of the occurrence of food insecurity or the severity of its effects.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ah630e.pdf
Quark-quark-gluon vertex for heavy quarks up to order 1/m^5
Creators: name: Huang, Guojun
name: Zhuang, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Instead of the often used Foldy-Wouthuysen-Tani (FWT) transformation in non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics (NRQCD), we take a more general relation between the relativistic and non-relativistic on-shell spinors to recalculate the quark-quark-gluon vertex for heavy quarks. In comparison with the previous result using FWT, the recalculated coefficients in the NRQCD Lagrangian are different at order $1/m^3$ and new at order $1/m^4$ and $1/m^5$, where $m$ is the heavy quark mass.
description: 4 pages, 0 figures
Assessing the impact of food aid +C101:C106on recipient countries: a survey
Creators: name: Awokuse, Titus O.
name: Awokuse, Titus O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: This paper surveys the economic literature on the impacts of food aid on recipient countries. The paper reviews the conceptual and empirical challenges associated with evaluating the impacts of food aid and surveys the main analytical techniques that are used in such evaluations. It then summarizes the available economic evidence on the impacts of food aid on national economic development, domestic agricultural production and markets, commercial trade and the nutritional status of recipients.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ag431t.pdf
Universality, vortices and confinement: modified SO(3) lattice gauge theory at non-zero temperature
Creators: name: Barresi, A.
name: Burgio, G.
name: Mueller-Preussker, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the adjoint SU(2) lattice gauge theory in 3+1 dimensions with the Wilson plaquette action modified by a Z(2) monopole suppression term. For the zero-twist sector we report indications for the existence of a finite temperature effect decoupled from the unphysical bulk transitions.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures. Some figures and text added. To appear on Phys. Rev. D
Sesuvium rubriflorum Bohley & G. Kadereit, comb. nov 2017, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Bohley, Katharina
name: Winter, Pieter J. D.
name: Kadereit, Gudrun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Aizoaceae
Sesuvium
Sesuvium rubriflorum

description: Sesuvium rubriflorum (Urb.) Bohley & G. Kadereit, comb. nov.
Cypselea rubriflora Urb., Ark. Bot. 22A (17): 15. 1929.— TYPE: CUBA. Matanzas: Near Caimito de Hanabana on dried out bottoms of ponds, 08 Aug 1923, Ekman 17016 (B 10 0242330 digital image!, NY).
Procumbent herb with perennial root, root ca. 4 mm in diam; shape and size of bladder cells unknown. Leaves tiny (1–3 mm long); petiolate (1–2 mm long); lateral flaps colorless with fimbriate margins. Flowers ∼ 3.5 mm long, bright red; pedicel 3–7 mm long, very thin, almost hair-like. Stamens five. Ovary with 2 carpels and 2 short styles. Fruit an egg-shaped capsule, opening below middle. Seeds numerous, ∼ 0.2 mm long, brown.
Distribution and Habitat — Endemic to Cuba.
Notes — Resembles S. humifusum except for the red flowers, the larger number of stamens and its perennial roots.
description: Published as part of Bohley, Katharina, Winter, Pieter J. D. & Kadereit, Gudrun, 2017, Data from: A revision of Sesuvium (Aizoaceae, Sesuvioideae), pp. 109071 in Data in brief 48 (1) on page 141, DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tk922, http://zenodo.org/record/10815406
Highlights from STAR
Creators: name: Schweda, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Selected results from the STAR collaboration are presented. We focus on recent results on jet-like correlations, nuclear modification factors of identified hadrons, elliptic flow of multi-strange baryons $Ξ$ and $Ω$, and resonance yields. First measurements of open charm production at RHIC are presented.
description: proceedings of the QM2004 conference, Jan2004, Oakland, CA, added references
Data output and R code for key steps of Yu et al., 2021 "Mapping access to basic hygiene services in low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional five-country case study of geospatial disparities"
Creators: name: Weiyu Yu
name: Bain, Robert
name: Yu, Jie
name: Alegana, Victor A.
name: Dotse-Gborgbortsi, Winfred
name: Lin, Yi
name: Wright, Jim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Data output and R code for key steps of Yu et al., 2021 "Mapping access to basic hygiene services in low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional five-country case study of geospatial disparities". For the raster GeoTIFF files, "MWI", "NPL", "NGA", "PAK" and "UGA" stand for Malawi, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan and Uganda respectively; "avg" represents the predicted grid layer; "ci" represents the 95% confidence interval grid layer.
Into The Wild West
Creators: name: RODRIGUES, TENSING CARLOS
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Archaeology
subject: Geography
subject: Sociology

description: Let us today test our hypothesis (of Parśurām as a pioneer opening up the west coast for settling) for consistency with associated facts and dates. The key date that matters is the date of Parśurām’s ‘reclamation of land from the sea’. We have said that the sea began receding from around 2,000 BCE. [Hashimi, 1995 : Holocene Sea Level Fluctuations On Western Indian Continental Margin, in Journal Of The Geological Society Of India, 46] So, Parśurām must have crossed the Sahyādrī after 2,000 BCE. It must have taken a few centuries for the exposed land to become cultivable; his settlement of Deccan kṣatrīya on the reclaimed land could not have happened before about 1,000 BCE. This is consistent with the date of the supposed exodus of people from the Deccan due to the drought. It is also consistent with the timeline for the movement of the brāmhaṇ; they could have reached the Deccan around 1,000 BCE.
OʻZBEKISTON – BAGʻRIKENG DIYOR
Creators: name: Sodiqova Manzuraxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Annotatsiya: maqolada inson va fuqarolarning shaxsiy huquqlaridan biri bo‘lgan vijdon erkinligi, so‘z va e’tiqod erkinligini xalqaro va milliy tartibda amalga oshirish qoidalarini belgilagan huquqiy hujjat normalari berilgan. Jumladan, O‘zbekiston Respublikasida istiqomat qilayotgan turli millat va elat vakillarining o‘z milliy an’ana va qadriyatlarini erkin bajarishlari uchun yaratilgan shart-sharoitlar yoritilgan.
Low cost passive pH sensor fabricated on scotch tape
Creators: name: Majumder, Ayan
name: Pradhan, Subrat Kumar
name: Saha, Kasturi
name: Tallur, Siddharth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the fabrication and characterization results of a simple and low-cost pH sensor fabricated using a graphite pencil to define a working electrode and silver paste to define a reference electrode on scotch tape. The sensor operation is based on potentiometric measurement and thereby insensitive to fabrication variations in shape of the electrode unlike amperometric and chemiresistive measurement techniques. The substrate of the disposable sensor is prepared by pasting scotch tape atop a piece of chart paper, and two types of sensors fabricated with 6B and 2B graphite pencils are tested with three solutions with different pH values. The sensor functions as a passive sensing tag without requiring any external power or stimulus, and the measured sensitivities of the pH sensors fabricated using 2B and 6B pencil carbon electrodes (PCEs) are $-4.54mV/pH$ and $-4.09mV/pH$ respectively.
Retention of Two-Band Superconductivity in Highly Carbon-Doped MgB2
Creators: name: Schmidt, H.
name: Gray, K. E.
name: Hinks, D. G.
name: Zasadzinski, J. F.
name: Avdeev, M.
name: Jorgensen, J. D.
name: Burley, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunneling data on MgB_{1.8}C_{0.2} show a reduction in the energy gap of the pi-bands by a factor of two from undoped MgB2 that is consistent with the Tc reduction, but inconsistent with the expectations of the dirty limit. Dirty-limit theory for undoped MgB2 predicts a single gap about three times larger than measured and a reduced Tc comparable to that measured. Our heavily-doped samples exhibit a uniform dispersion of C suggestive of significantly enhanced scattering, and we conclude that the retention of two-band superconductivity in these samples is caused by a selective suppression of interband scattering.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; added one figure, added one reference, minor changes to the text, manuscript accepted for publication as a Phys. Rev. B Rapid Communication
Explicit Programming Strategies
Creators: name: LaToza, Thomas D.
name: Arab, Maryam
name: Loksa, Dastyni
name: Ko, Amy J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software developers solve a diverse and wide range of problems. While software engineering research often focuses on tools to support this problem solving, the strategies that developers use to solve problems are at least as important. In this paper, we offer a novel approach for enabling developers to follow explicit programming strategies that describe how an expert tackles a common programming problem. We define explicit programming strategies, grounding our definition in prior work both within software engineering and in other professions which have adopted more explicit procedures for problem solving. We then present a novel notation called Roboto and a novel StrategyTracker tool that explicitly represents programming strategies and frame executing strategies as a collaborative effort between human abilities to make decisions and computer abilities to structure process and persist information. Ina formative evaluation, 28 software developers of varying expertise completed a design task and a debugging task. We found that, compared to developers who are free to choose their strategies, developers gave explicit strategies experienced their work as more organized, systematic, and predictable, but also more constrained. Developers using explicit strategies were objectively more successful at the design and debugging tasks. We discuss the implications of Roboto and these findings, envisioning a thriving ecosystem of explicit strategies that accelerate and improve developers programming problem solving.
description: 48 pages, 8 figures, To appear in the proceedings of Empirical Software Engineering Journal
Food aid in response to acute food insecurity
Creators: name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: This paper reviews the role of food aid in response to humanitarian emergencies. It outlines a set of basic principles for effective food aid interventions, and analyses a number of case studies in humanitarian response. The paper distinguishes between rapid onset and slow onset emergencies and between 'idiosyncratic' emergencies affecting individuals or households and 'covariate' emergencies affecting entire communities or countries. The lead-time afforded by slow-onset emergencies could be ' but usually is not ' used to mount early interventions aimed at averting full-scale disasters. Emergency response is too heavily dominated by food aid, especially aid sourced in donor countries, to the neglect of more effective and less costly interventions. What's more, idiosyncratic shocks are usually overlooked in humanitarian response. The paper draws a number of 'lessons learned' from recent experience with different types of humanitarian emergencies. It argues that emergency food aid is often a necessary part of humanitarian response to acute food insecurity, but it is rarely sufficient.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ag036e.pdf
Evolution of the Dark Matter Distribution with 3-D Weak Lensing
Creators: name: Bacon, D. J.
name: Taylor, A. N.
name: Brown, M. L.
name: Gray, M. E.
name: Wolf, C.
name: Meisenheimer, K.
name: Dye, S.
name: Wisotzki, L.
name: Borch, A.
name: Kleinheinrich, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a direct detection of the growth of large-scale structure, using weak gravitational lensing and photometric redshift data from the COMBO-17 survey. We use deep R-band imaging of two 0.25 square degree fields, affording shear estimates for over 52000 galaxies; we combine these with photometric redshift estimates from our 17 band survey, in order to obtain a 3-D shear field. We find theoretical models for evolving matter power spectra and correlation functions, and fit the corresponding shear correlation functions to the data as a function of redshift. We detect the evolution of the power at the 7.7 sigma level given minimal priors, and measure the rate of evolution for 0
description: 11 pages, 4 figures; submitted to MNRAS
The [α/Fe]-[Fe/H] relation in the E-MOSAICS simulations: its connection to the birth place of globular clusters and the fraction of globular cluster field stars in the bulge
Creators: name: Hughes, Meghan E.
name: Pfeffer, Joel L.
name: Martig, Marie
name: Reina-Campos, Marta
name: Bastian, Nate
name: Crain, Robert A.
name: Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The α-element abundances of the globular cluster (GC) and field star populations of galaxies encode information about the formation of each of these components. We use the E-MOSAICS cosmological simulations of ~L* galaxies and their GCs to investigate the [α/Fe]-[Fe/H] distribution of field stars and GCs in 25 Milky Way-mass galaxies. The [α/Fe]-[Fe/H] distribution go GCs largely follows that of the field stars and can also therefore be used as tracers of the [α/Fe]-[Fe/H] evolution of the galaxy. Due to the difference in their star formation histories, GCs associated with stellar streams (i.e. which have recently been accreted) have systematically lower [α/Fe] at fixed [Fe/H]. Therefore, if a GC is observed to have low [α/Fe] for its [Fe/H] there is an increased probability that this GC was accreted recently alongside a dwarf galaxy. There is a wide range of shapes for the field star [α/Fe]-[Fe/H] distribution, with a notable subset of galaxies exhibiting bimodal distributions, in which the high [α/Fe] sequence is mostly comprised of stars in the bulge, a high fraction of which are from disrupted GCs. We calculate the contribution of disrupted GCs to the bulge component of the 25 simulated galaxies and find values between 0.3-14 per cent, where this fraction correlates with the galaxy's formation time. The upper range of these fractions is compatible with observationally-inferred measurements for the Milky Way, suggesting that in this respect the Milky Way is not typical of L* galaxies, having experienced a phase of unusually rapid growth at early times.
BasicHygieneMapping.R
Creators: name: Weiyu Yu
name: Bain, Robert
name: Yu, Jie
name: Alegana, Victor A.
name: Dotse-Gborgbortsi, Winfred
name: Lin, Yi
name: Wright, Jim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Data output and R code for key steps of Yu et al., 2021 "Mapping access to basic hygiene services in low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional five-country case study of geospatial disparities". For the raster GeoTIFF files, "MWI", "NPL", "NGA", "PAK" and "UGA" stand for Malawi, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan and Uganda respectively; "avg" represents the predicted grid layer; "ci" represents the 95% confidence interval grid layer.
Η εξέλιξη της αυτό-πεποίθησης υποψηφίων εκπαιδευτικών να διδάξουν θέματα αειφορίας στο Δημοτικό Σχολείο
Creators: name: Μπεδέλη, Αντιγόνη Πέτρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Εκπαίδευση για την αειφορία
αυτό-πεποίθηση
αυτό αποτελεσματικότητα
Sustainability education
self-confidence
self-efficacy

description: Η προετοιμασία των μελλοντικών εκπαιδευτικών σχετικά με την Εκπαίδευση για την Αειφορία είναι πολύ σημαντική, προκειμένου να την εντάξουν αυτοί αποτελεσματικά στη διδασκαλία τους. Οι υποψήφιοι εκπαιδευτικοί κρίνεται απαραίτητο να διαθέτουν γνώσεις, αξίες, στάσεις , ικανότητες και κυρίως να είναι σίγουροι για τον εαυτό τους με σκοπό να μεταδώσουν τις γνώσεις τους με αποτελεσματικό τρόπο. Η παρούσα εργασία αποσκοπεί να διερευνήσει την εξέλιξη της αυτό-πεποίθησης των υποψηφίων εκπαιδευτικών του τέταρτου έτους του Παιδαγωγικού Τμήματος Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης (Π.Τ.Δ.Ε), του Αριστοτελείου Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλονίκης (Α.Π.Θ), σχετικά με τη διδασκαλία της Αειφόρου Εκπαίδευσης στο Δημοτικό σχολείο. Ως μέσο συλλογής δεδομένων επιλέχθηκε το ερωτηματολόγιο και η ημι-δομημένη συνέντευξη, ενώ οι συμμετέχοντες στην έρευνα ήταν τριάντα τρεις φοιτητές που επέλεξαν να συμμετέχουν στο συγκεκριμένο μάθημα της Σχολής. Τα αποτελέσματα δείχνουν υψηλότερες επιδόσεις των φοιτητών/τριών μετά τη συμμετοχή τους στο μάθημα, οι οποίες είναι και στατιστικά σημαντικές, κάτι το οποίο υποδηλώνει ότι οι περισσότεροι φοιτητές/τριες ένιωσαν περισσότερη σιγουριά και αυτό-πεποίθηση ύστερα από τις συναντήσεις και τις δραστηριότητες που πραγματοποιήθηκαν στο μάθημα κι έπειτα από την πρακτική τους άσκηση. Ακόμη, δήλωσαν πως η πρωτοτυπία του μαθήματος να ξεφύγει από τα πλαίσια του παραδοσιακού τρόπου διδασκαλίας κράτησε αμείωτο το ενδιαφέρον τους και απέκτησαν ουσιώδεις γνώσεις σχετικά με το εν λόγω αντικείμενο
description: The preparation of future teachers regarding Sustainability Education is very important in order to integrate it effectively in their teaching. Pre- service teachers are considered to have as a prerequisite the knowledge, values, attitudes and skills and above all to be confident in order to facilitate their students’ learning in an effective way. The present study aims to explore the evolution of fourth year pre-service teachers’ self-confidence to teach Sustainability issues in Primary School, emanating from Department of Primary Education, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), Greece. A specially developed questionnaire and semi- structured interview were chosen as the means of data collection, while the participants in the research were thirty-three students who chose to participate in the specific course of the School. The results show statistically significant higher performance of the students after their participation in the course, indicating that most of them felt more confident following the classroom meetings and activities that took place during the course. They also stated that the originality of the course to go beyond the traditional way of teaching kept their interest undiminished and they acquired essential knowledge about the topic in question
Food aid as part of a coherent strategy to advance food security objectives
Creators: name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: This paper outlines a coherent strategy for the use of food aid in addressing food insecurity. It surveys recent literature on poverty traps, the rights-based approach to food security and discusses where food aid fits into an integrated analysis of poverty and food security. The paper distinguishes between transitory and chronic poverty and between 'safety nets', designed to prevent people from falling below a certain poverty threshold, and cargo nets, aimed at lifting people out of chronic poverty. The appropriateness of food aid is discussed in the context of three situations: emergency humanitarian assistance, asset protection, and asset building and productivity enhancement. The paper argues that food aid, like all forms of foreign assistance, should first seek to do no harm.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ag037e.pdf
Less-favoured areas: looking beyond agriculture towards ecosystem services
Creators: name: Lipper, Leslie
name: Pingali, Prabhu
name: Zurek, Monika
name: Lipper, Leslie
name: Pingali, Prabhu
name: Zurek, Monika
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
Labor and Human Capital

description: Many dryland regions are considered less favoured areas as they face a variety of either biophysical or socio-economic constraints to agricultural production and sustaining livelihoods. Growing population numbers, limited infrastructure and market access, land tenure problems as well as increasing degradation problems due to poor management of soils prone to erosion, steep slopes or low rainfall quantities are some of the limitations for agricultural production that have led in many areas to growing numbers of poor people. The paper describes a framework, using land and labour opportunity costs, for classifying dryland production systems and devising a set of development strategies based on initial resource use endowments and resulting land use. In this way policy options for dryland development are tied to the wider economic context within a country. Policy strategies for dryland areas are discussed which take the varying starting points for development into account. Options discussed include land management strategies where the provision of ecosystem services enhances agricultural productivity for areas with high opportunity costs of land. Under high labour, but low land opportunity costs conditions, land unproductive for agricultural production could have good potential for land uses that produce non-agricultural ecosystem services. Mapping out these varying land management strategies can thus help to tailor policy measures to specific dryland area conditions.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ag431t.pdf
Dirac Particles in Transparent Quantum Graphs: Tunable transport of relativistic quasiparticles in branched structures
Creators: name: Yusupov, J. R.
name: Sabirov, K. K.
name: Asadov, Q. U.
name: Ehrhardt, M.
name: Matrasulov, D. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the dynamics of relativistic spin-half particles in quantum graphs with transparent branching points. The system is modeled by combining the quantum graph concept with the one of transparent boundary conditions applied to the Dirac equation on metric graphs. Within such an approach, we derive simple constraints, which turn the usual Kirchhoff-type boundary conditions at the vertex equivalent to the transparent ones. Our method is applied to quantum star graph. An extension to more complicated graph topologies is straightforward.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1812.03736
The experience of conditional cash transfers in Latin America and the Caribbean
Creators: name: Handa, Sudhanshu
name: Davis, Benjamin
name: Handa, Sudhanshu
name: Davis, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: This paper discusses the experience of six conditional cash transfer programs in Latin America, a model of social safety nets which have grown to dominate the social protection sector in the region over the last 10 years. We find that while conditional cash transfer programs have generally been successful in terms of reaching their core objective, it is still not clear whether they constitute the most cost efficient or sustainable solution to the development bottleneck they seek to address. Further, the almost exclusive focus on human capital accumulation of children leads to missed opportunities in terms of impact on household welfare and the broader rural development context.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ag429t.pdf
title: Clinical and pathophysiological aspects of severe falciparum malaria
Creators: name: Nguyen, Hoan Phu
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2009

description: Malaria is a major global public health problem. One-fifth of the world's population is at risk of malaria and drug resistance is spreading. Nearly five times as many cases of malaria were reported in 2000 as tuberculosis, AIDS, measles and leprosy cases combined. In the time it takes to say the word "malaria," ten children will contract the disease and begin fighting for their lives. Since the cinchona alkaloids were introduced as a specific treatment for agues 350 years ago, the treatment of severe malaria has changed little and therapy remains largely empirical. Quinine and quinidine remain the drugs of choice for severe chloroquine-resistant malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum, and with the spread of these resistant parasites, the usage of these drugs is increasing. In 1972 scientists in China discovered the antimalarial properties of a group of sesquiterpene lactone peroxides derived from the qinghao plant (Artemisia annua). The principal component, qinghaosu (artemisinin), and two derivatives - the water-soluble hemisuccinate artesunate and the oil-soluble artemether - are the most rapidly acting and potent of all antimalarial drugs. Although much research effort has been invested in optimizing antimalarial drug regimes, severe malaria remains a major cause of adult mortality in the Asiatic tropics. Despite many clinical trials reducing the mortality from severe malaria has proved difficult. Artemether has been shown to be as good as quinine but not better. This thesis set out to determine whether Artemether or Artesunate was the the better drug, how to manage acute renal failure in severe malaria, to design a severity score for malaria and assess whether there had been any change in the parasite clearance times in Viet Nam over a 18 year period. The results from a series of clinical trials and research from one hospital in Viet Nam are presented.

 This thesis undertook the following studies:

 1. A randomised clinical trial of artesunate vs artemether in the treatment of severe malaria in adults in Viet Nam.
 2. A randomized comparison of pumped venovenous haemofiltration and peritoneal dialysis in acute renal failure associated with severe infection.
 3. Fluid management in severe malaria.
 4. The stage of the development of the falciparum parasites at the time of clinical presentation with severe malaria is important in predicting outcome.
 5. Development of a predictive score of outcome in adults with severe falciparum malaria.
 6. Assessment of the efficacy of the artemisinin derivatives in the treatment of severe falciparum malaria in Viet Nam 1991-2008.
Geometric deep learning for computational mechanics Part I: Anisotropic Hyperelasticity
Creators: name: Vlassis, Nikolaos
name: Ma, Ran
name: Sun, WaiChing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.1.3
subject: 74B20, 70-08, 05C62, 05C85, 68Q32

description: This paper is the first attempt to use geometric deep learning and Sobolev training to incorporate non-Euclidean microstructural data such that anisotropic hyperelastic material machine learning models can be trained in the finite deformation range. While traditional hyperelasticity models often incorporate homogenized measures of microstructural attributes, such as porosity averaged orientation of constitutes, these measures cannot reflect the topological structures of the attributes. We fill this knowledge gap by introducing the concept of weighted graph as a new mean to store topological information, such as the connectivity of anisotropic grains in assembles. Then, by leveraging a graph convolutional deep neural network architecture in the spectral domain, we introduce a mechanism to incorporate these non-Euclidean weighted graph data directly as input for training and for predicting the elastic responses of materials with complex microstructures. To ensure smoothness and prevent non-convexity of the trained stored energy functional, we introduce a Sobolev training technique for neural networks such that stress measure is obtained implicitly from taking directional derivatives of the trained energy functional. By optimizing the neural network to approximate both the energy functional output and the stress measure, we introduce a training procedure the improves efficiency and generalize the learned energy functional for different microstructures. The trained hybrid neural network model is then used to generate new stored energy functional for unseen microstructures in a parametric study to predict the influence of elastic anisotropy on the nucleation and propagation of fracture in the brittle regime.
Choosing to migrate or migrating to choose: migration and labour choice in Albania
Creators: name: Azzari, Carlo
name: Carletto, Calogero
name: Davis, Benjamin
name: Zezza, Alberto
name: Azzari, Carlo
name: Carletto, Calogero
name: Davis, Benjamin
name: Zezza, Alberto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Risk and Uncertainty

description: While sustainable economic growth, poverty reduction, and the management of migration flows are among the most pressing items on the policy agenda in Albania, very little systematic analysis exists of the income generating strategies of Albanian households within the emerging market economy, and how this relates to income dynamics, people's mobility and poverty. Results show that agricultural, migration and human capital assets have a differential impact across livelihood choices, and that this impact varies by gender and age. Two areas of policy concern derive from this analysis. First, migration is clearly crucial for the economic future of Albania, both in terms of financing economic development, serving as an informal safety net, and in reducing excess labour supply and poverty. The suggestion of a potential disincentive effect on labour effort and participation is however worrying, as it would have implications in terms of missed opportunities for development. Second, agriculture appears to be more of a survival strategy than part of a poverty exit strategy.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ag428t.pdf