cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Routine computed tomography after recent operative exploration for penetrating trauma
Creators: name: Campbell, A.R.
name: Knudson, M.M.
name: Wybourn, C.A.
name: Cairns, B.A.
name: Charles, A.G.
name: Mendoza, A.E.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2017

description: BACKGROUND Patients with penetrating trauma who cannot be stabilized undergo operative intervention without preoperative imaging. In such cases, postoperative imaging may reveal additional injuries not identified during the initial operative exploration. The purpose of this study is to explore the utility of postoperative CT imaging in the setting of penetrating trauma. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of patients with penetrating trauma treated at an urban Level 1 trauma center between 2010 and 2015. Patients were included if they underwent an emergent laparotomy without preoperative imaging. Patients were excluded if they had prior imaging or concomitant blunt injury. For the purposes of this study, occult injury was defined as a CT scan finding not mentioned in the first operative report. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patient characteristics who had received imaging immediately postoperatively with those who had not. RESULTS During the 5-year study period, 328 patients who had a laparotomy for penetrating trauma over the study period, 225 patients met the inclusion criteria. Seventy-three (32%) patients underwent CT scanning immediately postoperatively with occult injuries identified in 38 (52%) patients. The most frequent occult injuries were orthopedic (20 of 43) and genitourinary (9 of 43). Importantly, 10 (26%) of the 38 patients required an intervention for these occult injuries. Those selected for immediate postoperative imaging were more likely to have sustained gunshot wounds and were significantly more severely injured (higher Injury Severity Score and longer length of hospital stay) when compared to patients who did not receive immediate imaging. CONCLUSION We recommend the use of immediate postoperative CT after emergent laparotomy especially when there is a high index of suspicion for spine or genitourinary injuries and in patients who have sustained ballistic penetrating injuries. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic/care management, level IV diagnostic tests or criteria, level IV.
title: The role of high resolution sonography for the diagnosis and evaluation of immune-mediate polyneuropathies: state of the art
Creators: name: Giannotta, Marica
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the ultrasonographic pattern of immuno-mediate polineuropathies. Highlight the limitations and and the potentials of this technique. Highlight the direction of future research in this...
title: How brain death looks like? A multimodality pictorial review.
Creators: name: Fuentealba, Andrea
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Transplantation
subject: Ethics
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound physics
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Over the last several decades brain death has become a legal and medical definition of death, despite the clear definition by the neurologic community. It has become a primary basis of organ-procurement policy for transplantation worldwide. It ¡s...
Magnetically-Functionalized Self-Aligning Graphene Fillers for High-Efficiency Thermal Management Applications
Creators: name: Renteria, J.
name: Legedza, S.
name: Salgado, R.
name: Balandin, M. P.
name: Ramirez, S.
name: Saadah, M.
name: Kargar, F.
name: Balandin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on heat conduction properties of thermal interface materials with self-aligning "magnetic grapheme" fillers. Graphene enhanced nano-composites were synthesized by an inexpensive and scalable technique based on liquid-phase exfoliation. Functionalization of graphene and few-layer-graphene flakes with Fe3O4 nanoparticles allowed us to align the fillers in an external magnetic field during dispersion of the thermal paste to the connecting surfaces. The filler alignment results in a strong increase of the apparent thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity through the layer of nano-composite inserted between two metallic surfaces. The self-aligning "magnetic grapheme" fillers improve heat conduction in composites with both curing and non-curing matrix materials. The thermal conductivity enhancement with the oriented fillers is a factor of two larger than that with the random fillers even at the low ~1 wt. % of graphene loading. The real-life testing with computer chips demonstrated the temperature rise decrease by as much as 10oC with use of the non-curing thermal interface material with ~1 wt. % of the oriented fillers. Our proof-of-concept experiments suggest that the thermal interface materials with functionalized graphene and few-layer-graphene fillers, which can be oriented during the composite application to the surfaces, can lead to a new method of thermal management of advanced electronics.
description: 34 pages; 8 figures
The effects of metallicity, UV radiation and non-equilibrium chemistry in high-resolution simulations of galaxies
Creators: name: Richings, Alexander J.
name: Schaye, Joop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a series of hydrodynamic simulations of isolated galaxies with stellar mass of $10^{9} \, \rm{M}_{\odot}$. The models use a resolution of $750 \, \rm{M}_{\odot}$ per particle and include a treatment for the full non-equilibrium chemical evolution of ions and molecules (157 species in total), along with gas cooling rates computed self-consistently using the non-equilibrium abundances. We compare these to simulations evolved using cooling rates calculated assuming chemical (including ionisation) equilibrium, and we consider a wide range of metallicities and UV radiation fields, including a local prescription for self-shielding by gas and dust. We find higher star formation rates and stronger outflows at higher metallicity and for weaker radiation fields, as gas can more easily cool to a cold (few hundred Kelvin) star forming phase under such conditions. Contrary to variations in the metallicity and the radiation field, non-equilibrium chemistry generally has no strong effect on the total star formation rates or outflow properties. However, it is important for modelling molecular outflows. For example, the mass of H$_{2}$ outflowing with velocities $> 50 \, \rm{km} \, \rm{s}^{-1}$ is enhanced by a factor $\sim 20$ in non-equilibrium. We also compute the observable line emission from CII and CO. Both are stronger at higher metallicity, while CII and CO emission are higher for stronger and weaker radiation fields respectively. We find that CII is generally unaffected by non-equilibrium chemistry. However, emission from CO varies by a factor of $\sim 2 - 4$. This has implications for the mean $X_{\rm{CO}}$ conversion factor between CO emission and H$_{2}$ column density, which we find is lowered by up to a factor $\sim 2.3$ in non-equilibrium, and for the fraction of CO-dark molecular gas.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Minor changes relative to v1
Using PD-L1 full-length structure, enhanced induced fit docking and molecular dynamics simulations for structural insights into inhibition of PD-1/PD-L1 interaction by small-molecule ligands
Creators: name: Urban, Viktor A.
name: Nazarenko, Polina S.
name: Perepechko, Stanislav A.
name: Veresov, Valery G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: T-cell activation through the blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 interaction by monoclonal antibodies has demonstrated the clinical benefit for patients with diverse types of metastatic cancers. However, a number of limitations when producing and using antibodies hamper their broader clinical application. This awakened a significant interest in design and discovery of small-molecule inhibitors (SMIs) of PD-1/PD-L1 interaction, and several such inhibitors have been identified. However, up to now, many mechanistic details of their inhibitory action remain not fully understood. In this work, a new protocol of enhanced protein conformational sampling combining RosettaLigand and Schrodinger Induced Fit Docking approaches with Molecular Dynamics simulations, preceded by structural modelling of the full-length PD-L1 – dimer in the heterogeneous environment including the membrane and extracellular solution, are used for the prediction of atomistic structures of the complexes of the PD-L1 dimers with BMS-1016, BMS-2007, BMS-4121, BMS-40210, four SMIs with a high inhibitory activity in vitro against PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. Critical protein–ligand interactions responsible for the stabilisation of the complexes of the PD-L1 dimer with SMIs and high inhibitory activities of these SMIs against the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction are revealed. The roles of the membrane and of interaction of PD-L1 with its cis and trans protein partners are also addressed.
Connecting physical resonant amplitudes and lattice QCD
Creators: name: Bolton, Daniel R.
name: Briceno, Raul A.
name: Wilson, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a determination of the isovector, $P$-wave $ππ$ scattering phase shift obtained by extrapolating recent lattice QCD results from the Hadron Spectrum Collaboration using $m_π=236$ MeV. The finite volume spectra are described using extensions of Lüscher's method to determine the infinite volume Unitarized Chiral Perturbation Theory scattering amplitude. We exploit the pion mass dependence of this effective theory to obtain the scattering amplitude at $m_π= 140$ MeV. The scattering phase shift is found to be in good agreement with experiment up to center of mass energies of 1.2 GeV. The analytic continuation of the scattering amplitude to the complex plane yields a $ρ$-resonance pole at $E_ρ= \left[755(2)(1)(^{20}_{02})-\frac{i}{2}\,129(3)(1)(^{7}_{1})\right]~{\rm MeV}$. The techniques presented illustrate a possible pathway towards connecting lattice QCD observables of few-body, strongly interacting systems to experimentally accessible quantities.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, equivalent to published version, added two appendices and a figure
title: R.E.N.A.L. Nephrometry Score as the Possibility in Choosing Operative Strategy in Renal Tumors
Creators: name: Vaiciuliene, Jurgita
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT
subject: Oncology
subject: Kidney
subject: Abdomen
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) continues to rise because of the widespread use of cross-sectional imaging, with the greatest increase noted in renal tumors size 2-4cm. [1] Partial nephrectomy or nephron sparing surgery is now recognized...
Deciphering the structural and functional impact of Q657L mutation in NLRC4 using computational methods
Creators: name: Chear, Chai Teng
name: Ripen, Adiratna Mat
name: Bin Mohamad, Saharuddin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: The NLR family caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4) inflammasome regulates the inflammatory response. Upregulation of NLRC4 inflammasome has been associated with bacterial infections, cancers, and autoinflammatory disorders (AIDs). The Q657L mutation in the NLRC4 causes AID. However, the structural change upon Q657L mutation at the atomic level has not been clearly understood. In this study, we employed in silico predictions along with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the homology modelled human wild-type and mutant NLRC4 structures in the resting and activated state to investigate the impact of Q657L mutation on the structural and dynamic changes of NLRC4 protein. The Q657L mutation was predicted to be deleterious by various in silico prediction tools. The MD simulation results demonstrated that the mutation increased the stability of the compactly folded structure and decreased flexibility in the resting state. In the activated state, the stably folded mutant structure had increased solvent accessible surface area, intermolecular hydrogen bonds and binding pocket volume. In addition, the principal component analysis showed that the mutant structures had reduced dynamics in both states. These findings provide insights into structural and dynamic changes of NLRC4 protein due to Q657L mutation at the atomic level.
TWEETING THE CALIPHATE. THE IDEOLOGY OF IS IN THE ARABIC-SPEAKING TWITTER SPHERE
Creators: name: COLOMBO, MATTEO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2020

description: The main aim of this dissertation is to offer an analysis of how the Arabic-speaking community on Twitter has discussed about the Islamic State from 2014 to 2017. The study is based on a database of over 32 million tweets in Arabic that contain references to IS and that stretches across a three-year period, starting from the rise of the Islamic State (in October 2014) to its military defeat in its unofficial capital of Raqqa (in September 2017). The first chapter presents the results of a sentiment analysis I conducted based on machine learning of the support for and opposition to IS, as well as a topic analysis of the most recurrent themes in the Arabic-Speaking Twitter-sphere debate on IS. In the second chapter, I offer a statistical analysis of the variables that make up my model for predicting support for the Islamic State. The third chapter zooms in on a subset of the overall database, which consists of Tweets on IS that use a sectarian terminology towards the Sh???, to analyse whether sectarianism is a factor in accounting for support for IS. The dissertation aims to contribute to existing scholarship on the Islamic State, its propaganda, and the Twitter discourse on IS in five key ways. First, the dissertation looks at responses to IS propaganda and thereby has a different focal point than the majority of works in the field, which concentrate on recurrent themes in the propaganda itself. Second, the study not only considers support for IS, but also accounts for anti-IS discourse on Twitter. Third, it provides a more fine-grained analysis of the support for IS among Arabic-speaking Twitter users by differentiating between, and accounting for, various phases in its political development (i.e. peak, decline, defeat). Fourth, the analysis draws from a so-called ?building block? approach to distinguish between support for IS and various elements of its ideology, which could be used to study support for other radical groups as well. Fifth, the dissertation offers a detailed study of the role that anti-Sh??a sectarian discourse plays in support for IS, which shows that this type of rhetoric which contains religious-based hostility towards Sh??a is not a prerogative of IS alone, but is also widespread among its opponents.
Mortality after peritonitis in sub-saharan Africa: An issue of access to care
Creators: name: Gallaher, J.R.
name: Varela, C.
name: Cairns, B.
name: Charles, A.G.
Publisher: name: American Medical Association
Year: 2017

description: There is a lack of access to emergency surgical care in developing countries despite a burden of surgical disease. Health care systems are overwhelmed by the high volume of patients who need acute care and by insufficient capacity because of a lack of appropriate prehospital care, surgery-capable clinicians, and basic health care delivery infrastructures. Compared with high-income countries where mortality from peritonitis is less than 5%, mortality in this resource-poor setting is nearly 20%. These patients are particularly susceptible because of a lack of the prerequisite surgical infrastructure, which includes prompt triage and diagnosis, early transfer to a higher level of care, timely surgical intervention, and critical care services. This study identifies outcomes of patients with peritonitis and factors that contribute to mortality.
CONTIGUIT� ALLA MAFIA: STRUMENTI NORMATIVI DI PREVENZIONE E CONTRASTO.
Creators: name: NINNI, LAURA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2020

description: Il presente lavoro di ricerca indaga il concetto di ?contiguit� mafiosa? nell?ordinamento italiano. L?elaborato si articola in quattro capitoli. Il primo capitolo � dedicato all?inquadramento della nozione di ?contiguit� mafiosa? dal punto di vista della letteratura sociologica. Il secondo capitolo, dopo una specificazione della nozione di ?contiguit�? adottata nella presente ricerca, � dedicato alla ricostruzione della disciplina vigente nel settore del diritto penale. Oggetto di analisi sono le disposizioni che rendono punibili o puniscono pi� gravemente condotte di collateralit� alle associazioni di tipo mafioso. Il terzo capitolo � invece dedicato agli strumenti delle misure di prevenzione che mirano a prevenire il fenomeno della contiguit� mafiosa. Il quarto � infine relativo all?istituto della c.d. documentazione antimafia, dunque nell?ambito del diritto amministrativo, specificamente destinato alla prevenzione del fenomeno nell?ambito delle attivit� economiche. L?indagine si sviluppa tramite l?analisi delle posizioni emerse in dottrina e in giurisprudenza con riferimento al settore della normativa oggetto di esame, facendo emergere le criticit� della normativa esaminata. In conclusione al lavoro, ci si confronta con la complessit� del panorama normativo esaminato, vagliando la possibilit� di ritenere ?esaustiva? la legislazione relativa al fenomeno della ?contiguit� mafiosa?.
(101621) David McCalpin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in pregnancy: does foetal viability matter?
Creators: name: Charles, A.G.
name: Phillips, M.R.
name: Shah, M.
name: Klein, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: With the increasing use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for adults with acute hypoxic respiratory failure, the indications for its use have expanded. We wanted to share the results of a recent case from our institution, of a woman who experienced respiratory failure secondary to hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). HG is a rare complication of pregnancy (0.3% to 2.0% of pregnancies), resulting in uncontrolled or excessive nausea and vomiting with dehydration and weight loss, typically in the first to mid second trimester, and is a diagnosis of exclusion.
Consequences of centralised blood bank policies in sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Gallaher, J.R.
name: Charles, A.G.
name: Shores, C.G.
name: Kopp, D.
name: Mulima, G.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2017

description: Safe and reliable transfusion services remain largely unavailable to the world’s poorest populations, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. WHO responded to this crisis with a strategy focused on centralising blood transfusion services, the exclusive use of volunteer donors, donor blood testing, and transfusion stewardship. On the basis of our experience in Malawi, we think that this policy has unintentionally decreased the availability of blood products for patients with acute haemorrhage.
title: CT and MRI pattern of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.
Creators: name: Chrona, Chrysa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education and training
subject: Monoclonal antibodies
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To demonstrate the imaging manifestations of PML on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and outline the role of imaging in diagnosis ,follow-up and...
A local converse theorem for U(1,1)
Creators: name: Zhang, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we define a $γ$-factor for generic representations of $\RU(1,1)\times \Res_{E/F}(\GL_1)$ and prove a local converse theorem for $\RU(1,1)$ using the $γ$-factor we defined. We also give a new proof of the local converse theorem for $\GL_2$ using a $γ$-factor of $\GL_2\times \GL_2$ type which was originally defined by Jacquet in \cite{J}.
description: 37 pages, comments welcome
title: Side-branch type intraductal papillary mucinous tumor: Evaluation of location and distribution in pancreas by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography
Creators: name: Kul, Melahat
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cholangiography
subject: MR
subject: Pancreas
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen
subject: Cysts

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The incidental detection of the cystic lesions of the pancreas has been increasing recently as a result of the widespread use of multidetector CT and MRI [1]. The pancreatic cysts are encountered in up to 20% of MR examinations [1,2]. During the...
High Resolution Optical and NIR Spectra of HBC 722
Creators: name: Lee, Jeong-Eun
name: Park, Sunkyung
name: Green, Joel D.
name: Cochran, William D.
name: Kang, Wonseok
name: Lee, Sang-Gak
name: Sung, Hyun-Il
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of high resolution (R$\ge$30,000) optical and near-IR spectroscopic monitoring observations of HBC 722, a recent FU Orionis object that underwent an accretion burst in 2010. We observed HBC 722 in optical/near-IR with the BOES, HET-HRS, and IGRINS spectrographs, at various points in the outburst. We found atomic lines with strongly blueshifted absorption features or P Cygni profiles, both evidence of a wind driven by the accretion. Some lines show a broad double-peaked absorption feature, evidence of disk rotation. However, the wind-driven and disk-driven spectroscopic features are anti-correlated in time; the disk features became strong as the wind features disappeared. This anti-correlation might indicate that the rebuilding of the inner disk was interrupted by the wind pressure during the first two years. The Half-Width at Half-Depth (HWHD) of the double-peaked profiles decreases with wavelength, indicative of the Keplerian rotation; the optical spectra with the disk feature are fitted by a G5 template stellar spectrum convolved with a rotation velocity of 70 km s$^{-1}$ while the near-IR disk features are fitted by a K5 template stellar spectrum convolved with a rotation velocity of 50 km s$^{-1}$. Therefore, the optical and near-IR spectra seem to trace the disk at 39 and 76 $\textit{R}_{\odot}$, respectively. We fit a power-law temperature distribution in the disk, finding an index of 0.8, comparable to optically thick accretion disk models.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Radiologic evaluation of chronic pancreatitis
Creators: name: Aouini, Rim
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Pancreas
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Outcomes

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: This exhibit aims to illustrate CT and MRI aspects of chronic pancreatitis (CP), to describe the main complications and highlight imaging features distinguishing betweencarcinoma and chronic...
The History of Tidal Disruption Events in Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Aharon, Danor
name: Battisti, Alessandra Mastrobuono
name: Perets, Hagai B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tidal disruption of a star by a massive black hole (MBH) is thought to produce a transient luminous event. Such tidal disruption events (TDEs) may play an important role in the detection and characterization of MBHs and probe the properties and dynamics of their nuclear stellar clusters (NSCs) hosts. Previous studies estimated the recent rates of TDEs in the local universe. However, the long-term evolution of the rates throughout the history of the universe has been hardly explored. Here we consider the TDE history, using evolutionary models for the evolution of galactic nuclei. We use a 1D Fokker-Planck approach to explore the evolution of MBH-hosting NSCs, and obtain the disruption rates of stars during their evolution. We complement these with an analysis of TDEs history based on N-body simulation data, and find them to be comparable. We consider NSCs that are built-up from close-in star-formation (SF) or from SF/clusters-dispersal far-out, a few pc from the MBH. We also explore cases where primordial NSCs exist and later evolve through additional star-formation/cluster-dispersal processes. We study the dependence of the TDE history on the type of galaxy, as well as the dependence on the MBH mass. These provide several scenarios, with a continuous increase of the TDE rates over time for cases of far-out SF and a more complex behavior for the close-in SF cases. Finally, we integrate the TDE histories of the various scenarios to provide a total TDE history of the universe, which can be potentially probed with future large surveys (e.g. LSST).
description: Comments are welcome, Accepted for publication in ApJ
(101622) Henry Augustus Rumley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Swift/UVOT Stars Survey. II. RR Lyrae Stars in M 3 and M 15
Creators: name: Siegel, Michael H.
name: Porterfield, Blair L.
name: Balzer, Benjamin G.
name: Hagen, Lea M. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results of an near-ultraviolet (NUV) survey of RR Lyrae stars from the Ultraviolet Optical Telescope (UVOT) aboard the Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission. It is well-established that RR Lyrae have large amplitudes in the far- and near-ultraviolet. We have used UVOT's unique wide-field NUV imaging capability to perform the first systematic NUV survey of variable stars in the Galactic globular clusters M 3 and M 15. We identify 280 variable stars, comprising 275 RR Lyrae, two anomalous Cepheids, one classical Cepheid, one SX Phoenicis star and one possible long-period or irregular variable. Only two of these are new discoveries. We compare our results to previous investigations and find excellent agreement in the periods with significantly larger amplitudes in the NUV. We map out, for the first time, an NUV Bailey diagram from globular clusters, showing the usual loci for fundamental mode RRab and first overtone RRc pulsators. We show the unique sensitivity of NUV photometry to both the temperatures and the surface gravities of RR Lyrae stars. Finally, we show evidence of an NUV period-metallicity-luminosity relationship. Future investigations will further examine the dependence of NUV pulsation parameters on metallicity and Oosterhoff classification.
description: 50 pages, 24 figures, accepted to AJ
JAMESfocus : digitale Medien im Unterricht
Creators: name: Suter, Lilian
name: Külling, Céline
name: Bernath, Jael
name: Waller, Gregor
name: Willemse, Isabel
name: Süss, Daniel
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2019
Subjects: JAMES Studie
Digitale Medien
Unterricht
Schule
Lehrpersonen
371: Schulen und schulische Tätigkeiten

description: Der vorliegende JAMESfocus-Bericht beruht auf einer Befragung von 105 Lehrpersonen der Sekundarstufe aus der Deutsch- und Westschweiz. Die Lehrerinnen und Lehrer gaben uns Auskunft über die Rolle, welche digitale Medien in ihrem Unterricht spielen und die Vor- und Nachteile, die sie mit dem Einsatz der neuen technologischen Möglichkeiten im Unterricht assoziieren.
Molecular insights into the adsorption mechanism of E21R and T7E21R human defensin 5 on a bacterial membrane
Creators: name: Chumponanomakun, Phoom
name: Niramitranon, Jitti
name: Chairatana, Phoom
name: Pongprayoon, Prapasiri
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Human defensin 5 (HD5) is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Hence, it serves as a good candidate in AMP-derived antibiotic design. A substitution of E21 with arginine (E21R) and a second replacement of T7 with arginine (T7E21R) were found to enhance the antibacterial activity where the molecular insights into how these mutations enhance the bacteria-killing activity remains unclear. In this work, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to elucidate the binding mechanisms of both variants (E21R and T7E21R) on bacterial membrane. The dimaeric E21R shares similar adsorption mechanism to wildtype HD5 by using one chain to adhere to the bacterial membrane. In contrast, the more positively charged T7E21R employs both chains to bind to the membrane, resulting in greater membrane-binding ability. Nevertheless, the antibacterial activity of T7E21R is oligomeric state-independent. Both T7E21R monomer and dimer interact strongly with the membrane due to their high positive charges. Nonetheless, such high charges also hinder membrane translocation of the peptide. The positive charge of defensin-based antibiotics needs to be optimal to balance between their membrane-binding ability and their ability to translocate through bacterial membrane. This information serves as a useful guide for designing antimicrobial agents with membrane-disrupting function.
Delayed development of extrathoracic lung herniation after blunt thoracic trauma
Creators: name: Brown, R.
name: Charles, A.G.
Publisher: name: Southeastern Surgical Congress
Year: 2016

description: A 51-year-old African American male with history of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and asthma was transferred to our institution after sustaining blunt thoracic trauma as a result of a truck falling off its jack onto his chest. According to EMS report, the patient was apneic and pulseless after the truck was removed and bystanders initiated CPR on the scene.
A case of iliac crest avulsion with peritoneal disruption and bowel herniation after blunt trauma
Creators: name: Dineen, H.
name: Puzio, T.
name: Charles, A.
name: Shah, M.
name: Chen, J.
name: Caddell, K.
Publisher: name: Southeastern Surgical Congress
Year: 2016

description: Pelvic fractures account for approximately 3% of all blunt traumatic skeletal injuries. Pelvic fractures are most commonly caused by motor vehicle accidents (60%), falls from a height (30%), and crush injuries (10%). Pelvic fractures are a marker for high-energy trauma and are often associated with other life-threatening injuries. Over 80% of patients with unstable pelvic fractures will be found to have additional musculoskeletal injuries. Although the mortality rate in patients with pelvic fractures has been declining in recent years due to the robustness of the US trauma system, the incidence is increasing due to the higher rate of high-speed motor vehicle collisions.
Intentional injury against children in Sub-Saharan Africa: A tertiary trauma centre experience
Creators: name: Wildfire, B.
name: Charles, A.G.
name: Mabedi, C.
name: Gallaher, J.R.
name: Cairns, B.A.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2016

description: Background Intentional injuries are the result of violence. This is an important public health issue, particularly in children, and is an unaddressed problem in sub-Saharan Africa. This study sought to describe the characteristics of intentional injury, particularly physical abuse, in children presenting to our tertiary trauma centre in Lilongwe, Malawi and how they compare to children with unintentional injuries. Methods A retrospective analysis of children (<18 years old) with traumatic injuries presenting to Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH) in Lilongwe, Malawi from 2009 to 2013 was performed. Children with intentional and unintentional injuries were compared with bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression modelling. Results 67,672 patients with traumatic injuries presented to KCH of which 24,365 were children. 1976 (8.1%) patients presented with intentional injury. Intentional injury patients had a higher mean age (11.1 ± 5.0 vs. 7.1 ± 4.6, p < 0.001), a greater male preponderance (72.5 vs. 63.6%, p < 0.001), were more often injured at night (38.3 vs. 20.7%, p < 0.001), and alcohol was more often involved (7.8 vs. 1.0%, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression modelling showed that increasing age, male gender, and nighttime or urban setting for injury were associated with increased odds of intentional injury. Soft tissue injuries were more common in intentional injury patients (80.5 vs. 45.4%, p < 0.001) and fist punches were the most common weapon (25.6%). Most patients were discharged in both groups (89.2 vs 80.9%, p < 0.001) and overall mortality was lower for intentional injury patients (0.9 vs. 1.2%, p = 0.001). Head injury was the most common cause of death (43.8 vs. 32.2%, p < 0.001) in both groups. Conclusions Sub-Saharan African tertiary hospitals are uniquely positioned to play a pivotal role in the identification, clinical management, and alleviation of intentional injuries to children by facilitating access to social services and through prevention efforts.
On-farm performance evaluation of Maale goats under agro-pastoral management in Southwest Ethiopia
Creators: name: Mekete Girma
name: Fikre Nahom
name: Demerew Getaneh
name: Seid, Anwar
name: Mekete Girma
name: Fikre Nahom
name: Demerew Getaneh
name: Seid, Anwar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Ethiopia
subject: Maale Goats
subject: Performance
subject: Productive
subject: Reproductive
subject: South Omo

description: This study was conducted in Maale district Southwest Ethiopia with the objective of evaluating the productive and reproductive performance of Maale goats under agro-pastoral management conditions. Thirty households that have flocks numbers of more than ten were purposely selected and monitored from July 2018 to July 2019. Growth data of birth weight, three month, six month, nine month and yearly weight; birth type and parity were collected. The data were analyzed using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedure of SPSS (21). The overall mean birth weight of the kids was 2.57±0.05 kg (males 2.68±0.07 and females 2.47±0.07 kg). The weaning and six months weight of kids was significantly different (p<0.05) between sexes of kids with 7.66±0.25 and 6.90±0.23 kg for male and female kids, respectively. The average body weight of males and females for six months; nine months and yearly were 11.57±0.30, 10.42±0.28; 15.42±0.27, 14.69±0.25 and 19.03±0.28, 18.43±0.25 kg, respectively. The birth type showed a significant (p<0.05) difference in birth weight. The result further indicated that the weaning weight of single and twin kids was highly significant (p< 0.001) and recorded as 7.66±0.25 and 6.90±0.23 kg, respectively. The overall pre-weaning average daily gain was 51.64±1.89 g day-1 (54.47±2.81 male and 48.93±2.53 g day-1 female). The birth type was significantly (p=0.01) different in pre-weaning growth rate and recorded 57.24±1.63 and 45.24±3.59 g day-1 for single and twin kids, respectively. Twins had higher post-weaning average daily gain than single and recorded as 43.61±1.48 and 40.76 ±0.70 g day-1, respectively. It was concluded that, along with other management interventions, the reproduction and growth performance of Maale goats is reasonably good and suited for community-based breeding strategies and higher performance could be expected.
JAMESfocus : Mediennutzung und Gesundheit
Creators: name: Bernath, Jael
name: Suter, Lilian
name: Waller, Gregor
name: Willemse, Isabel
name: Külling, Céline
name: Süss, Daniel
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2020
Subjects: JAMES Studie
Digitales Medium
Psychische Gesundheit
Physische Gesundheit
Schlaf
302: Soziale Interaktion
305: Personengruppen (Alter, Herkunft, Geschlecht, Einkommen)

description: Der JAMESfocus Bericht stellt das Thema Gesundheit ins Zentrum. Untersucht werden die körperliche, psychische und schlafbezogene Gesundheit der Jugendlichen in der Schweiz und allfällige Zusammenhänge mit dem medialen und nonmedialen Freizeitverhalten.
(101620) Elizabeth A Redmore
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Frequency ratios of Sr, Yb and Hg based optical lattice clocks and their applications
Creators: name: Takamoto, Masao
name: Ushijima, Ichiro
name: Das, Manoj
name: Nemitz, Nils
name: Ohkubo, Takuya
name: Yamanaka, Kazuhiro
name: Ohmae, Noriaki
name: Takano, Tetsushi
name: Akatsuka, Tomoya
name: Yamaguchi, Atsushi
name: Katori, Hidetoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article describes the recent progress of optical lattice clocks with neutral strontium ($^{87}$Sr), ytterbium ($^{171}$Yb) and mercury ($^{199}$Hg) atoms. In particular, we present frequency comparison between the clocks locally via an optical frequency comb and between two Sr clocks at remote sites using a phase-stabilized fibre link. We first review cryogenic Sr optical lattice clocks that reduce the room-temperature blackbody radiation shift by two orders of magnitude and serve as a reference in the following clock comparisons. Similar physical properties of Sr and Yb atoms, such as transition wavelengths and vapour pressure, have allowed our development of a compatible clock for both species. A cryogenic Yb clock is evaluated by referencing a Sr clock. We also report on a Hg clock, which shows one order of magnitude less sensitivity to blackbody radiation, while its large nuclear charge makes the clock sensitive to the variation of fine-structure constant. Connecting all three types of clocks by an optical frequency comb, the ratios of the clock frequencies are determined with uncertainties smaller than possible through absolute frequency measurements. Finally, we describe a synchronous frequency comparison between two Sr-based remote clocks over a distance of 15 km between RIKEN and the University of Tokyo, as a step towards relativistic geodesy.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, invited review article in Comptes Rendus de Physique 2015
title: CT Perfusion-assisted Management of Acute Ischaemic Stroke
Creators: name: Alsadiq, Majed
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Acute
subject: Comparative studies
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To study the specific role of CT perfusion (CTP) in acute ischaemic stroke and to identify whether CTP is better than other acute imaging modalities with respect to diagnosis, triage and management guidance in acute ischaemic...
Qualitative evaluation of paediatric burn injury in Malawi: assessing opportunities for injury prevention
Creators: name: Charles, A.
name: Mapala, S.
name: Bane, M.
name: Cairns, B.
name: Kaima, R.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Ltd
Year: 2016

description: Introduction: The burden of burn injury in sub-Saharan Africa is high and children bare a disproportional share of the injury burden. Methods: This is a prospective qualitative study of paediatric burn survivors (age, ≤8 years) admitted to Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH) in Lilongwe, Malawi. Results: There were a total of 72 guardians interviewed for the purpose of the study. The most frequent mechanisms of burn injury were flames and scalds in 44.4% and 38.9%, respectively. Mothers were present at the time of the burn injury in only 23.6% of cases, while 22.2% of children were unmonitored at the time of injury. A total of 55.6% of burn injuries was cooking-related. Conclusion: Burn prevention strategies are necessary for addressing the high rates of burns for children in sub-Saharan Africa. The must be focused on mothers and caregivers burn education in the home, particularly as it relates to cooking and parental oversight.
Sustaining Canva Education Learning on Online and Offline Learning: A Case of Teacher's Best Practice
Creators: name: Hermaniar, Yulieda
name: Mubaraq, Yasyir Fahmi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: APPI PT PGRI
PGRI
ICDESS2022
Sustaining Canva Education
Online and Offline Learning
Teacher's Best Practice

description: This material was presented in ACT +1 activities and International Conference on Digital Education and Social Science as a presenter
title: Magnetic resonance imaging of acute mild traumatic brain injury in children.
Creators: name: Melnikov, Ilya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Although CT remains the first­line imaging procedure in the evaluation of acute head injury, MRI is becoming increasingly important for more detailed analysis of acute mild TBI, as well as for predicting clinical outcome. Early detection ofsmall...
Intentional burns - A form of gender based violence in Nepal
Creators: name: Nwomeh, B.C.
name: Mahmood, U.
name: Shreshta, S.
name: Gupta, S.
name: Charles, A.G.
name: Kushner, A.L.
name: Gurung, S.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2016

description: We truly appreciate your important commentary regarding intentional burns in Nepal. Our study, while the first countrywide population based study on burns in Nepal, has several limitations.