cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neutrino reactions on $^{138}$La and $^{180}$Ta via charged and neutral currents by the Quasi-particle Random Phase Approximation (QRPA)
Creators: name: Cheoun, Myung-Ki
name: Ha, Eunja
name: Hayakawa, T.
name: Kajino, Toshitaka
name: Chiba, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological origins of the two heaviest odd-odd nuclei, $^{138}$La and $^{180}$Ta, are believed to be closely related to the neutrino-process. We investigate in detail neutrino-induced reactions on the nuclei. Charged current (CC) reactions, $^{138}$Ba$ (ν_e, e^{-}) ^{138}$La and $^{180}$Hf$ (ν_e, e^{-}) ^{180}$Ta, are calculated by the standard Quasi-particle Random Phase Approximation (QRPA) with neutron-proton pairing as well as neutron-neutron, proton-proton pairing correlations. For neutral current (NC) reactions, $^{139}$La$ (ν ν^{'}) ^{139}${La}$^*$ and $^{181}$Ta$ (ν, ν^{'}) ^{181}$Ta$^*$, we generate ground and excited states of odd-even target nuclei, $^{139}$La and $^{181}$Ta, by operating one quasi-particle to even-even nuclei, $^{138}$Ba and $^{180}$Hf, which are assumed as the BCS ground state. Numerical results for CC reactions are shown to be consistent with recent semi-empirical data deduced from the Gamow-Teller strength distributions measured in the ($^{3}$He, t) reaction. Results for NC reactions are estimated to be smaller by a factor about 4 $\sim$ 5 rather than those by CC reactions. Finally, cross sections weighted by the incident neutrino flux in the core collapsing supernova are presented for further applications to the network calculations for relevant nuclear abundances.
Harmonics of Parton Saturation in Lepton-Jet Correlations at the EIC
Creators: name: Tong, Xuan-Bo
name: Xiao, Bo-Wen
name: Zhang, Yuan-Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parton saturation is one of the most intriguing phenomena in the high energy nuclear physics research frontier, especially in the upcoming era of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The lepton-jet correlation in deep inelastic scattering provides us with a new gateway to the parton saturation at the EIC. In particular, we demonstrate that azimuthal angle anisotropies of the lepton-jet correlation are sensitive to the strength of the saturation momentum in the EIC kinematic region. In contrast to the predictions based on the collinear framework calculation, significant nuclear modification of the anisotropies is observed when we compare the saturation physics results in e + p and e + Au scatterings. By measuring these harmonic coefficients at the EIC, one can conduct quantitative analysis in different collisional systems and unveil compelling evidence for saturation effects.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; v4, minor addition
Running Scaling Dimensions in Holographic Renormalization Group Flows
Creators: name: Mueck, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Holographic renormalization group flows can be interpreted in terms of effective field theory. Based on such an interpretation, a formula for the running scaling dimensions of gauge-invariant operators along such flows is proposed. The formula is checked for some simple examples from the AdS/CFT correspondence, but can be applied also in non-AdS/non-CFT cases.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Multicomponent gauge-Higgs models with discrete Abelian gauge groups
Creators: name: Bracci-Testasecca, Giacomo
name: Pelissetto, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a variant of the charge-Q compact Abelian-Higgs model, in which an Nf-dimensional complex vector is coupled with an Abelian Z_q gauge field. For Nf=2 and Q=1 we observe several transition lines that belong to the O(4), O(3), and O(2) vector universality classes, depending on the symmetry breaking pattern at the transition. The universality class is independent of $q$ as long as q>=3. The universality class of the transition is uniquely determined by the behavior of the scalar fields; gauge fields do not play any role. We also investigate the system for Nf=15 and Q=2. In the presence of U(1) gauge fields, the system undergoes transitions associated with charged fixed points of the Abelian-Higgs field theory. These continuous transitions turn into first-order ones when the U(1) gauge fields are replaced by the discrete Z_q fields: in the present compact model charged transitions appear to be very sensitive to the nature of the gauge fields
description: 25 pages, 15 figures
Projeto Teia Colorida.pdf
Creators: name: Ferreira, Carolina Monteiro Da Silva
name: Santos, Maria Gabriela Marques Freire
name: Cardim, João Paulo Dos Santos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170113 Social and Community Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Personality, Social and Criminal Psychology
subject: 170105 Gender Psychology
subject: 200205 Culture, Gender, Sexuality
subject: FOS: Other humanities

description: PROJETO TEIA COLORIDA: MAPEAMENTO DE SERVIÇOS PSICOSSOCIAIS SOBRE A ÓTICA DA REDUÇÃO DE DANOS PARA A POPULAÇÃO LGBTQIA+ EM SALVADOR E REGIÃO METROPOLITANA.
Regularization of binomial differential equations with singular coefficients
Creators: name: Goriunov, Andrii
name: Mikhailets, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34L40 (Primary), 34B08, 47A10 (Secondary)

description: We propose a regularization of the formal differential expression of order $m \geqslant 3$ $$ l(y) = i^my^{(m)}(t) + q(t)y(t), \,t \in (a, b), $$ applying quasi-derivatives. The distribution coefficient $q$ is supposed to have an antiderivative $Q \in L([a,b];\mathbb{C})$. For the symmetric case ($Q = \bar{Q}$) self-adjoint and maximal dissipative extensions of the minimal operator and its generalized resolvents are described. The resolvent approximation with resrect to the norm of the considered operators is also investigated. The case $m = 2$ for $Q \in L_2([a, b];\mathbb{C})$ was investigated earlier.
description: In Russian, 14 pages
Neutrino reactions via neutral and charged current by Quasi-particle Random Phase Approximation(QRPA)
Creators: name: Cheoun, Myung-Ki
name: Ha, Eunja
name: Kim, K. S.
name: Kajino, Toshitaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed the quasi-particle random phase approximation (QRPA) for the neutrino scattering off even-even nuclei via neutral current (NC) and charged cur- rent (CC). The QRPA has been successfully applied for the βand ββdecay of relevant nuclei. To describe neutrino scattering, general multipole transitions by weak interactions with a finite momentum transfer are calculated for NC and CC reaction with detailed formalism. Since we consider neutron-proton (np) pairing as well as neutron-neutron (nn) and proton-proton (pp) pairing correlations, the nn + pp QRPA and np QRPA are combined in a framework, which enables to describe both NC and CC reactions in a consistent way. Numerical results for ν-^{12}C, -^{56}Fe and -^{56}Ni reactions are shown to comply with other theoretical calculations and reproduce well available experimental data.
Economic Effects of Mandatory Production Controls
Creators: name: Young, C. Edwin
name: Hyberg, Brent T.
name: Price, J. Michael
name: Huang, Wen-Yuan
name: Lee, Chinkook
name: Sharples, Jerry L.
name: Dvoskin, Dan
name: Young, C. Edwin
name: Hyberg, Brent T.
name: Price, J. Michael
name: Huang, Wen-Yuan
name: Lee, Chinkook
name: Sharples, Jerry L.
name: Dvoskin, Dan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Agricultural policy
subject: mandatory controls
subject: acreage allotments
subject: marketing quotas

description: Mandatory restrictions on agricultural production continue to be advocated as an alternative policy for increasing farm income while reducing farm program costs. Although farm income might rise in the short run, such programs would be costly to consumers and possibly to the Federal Treasury. An export subsidy would be needed to maintain current agricultural export levels if a mandatory production control program were used to raise prices. The cost of such a subsidy could exceed savings from eliminating Government income support programs. The program would affect agribusinesses by reducing the need for farm supplies and by reducing the amount of product handled beyond the farm gate. More generally, programs that idle productive resources to maintain higher prices may lead to production inefficiencies and to capitalization of program benefits that are captured by current landowners.
Radiation reaction in curved even-dimensional spacetime
Creators: name: Gal'tsov, Dmitri V.
name: Spirin, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new method of computing radiation reaction for a point particle interacting with massless scalar and vector fields in curved space-time. It is based on the analysis of field Green's functions with both points lying on the particle world-line and does not require integration of the field stresses outside the world line as was used in the DeWitt-Brehme approach, thus leading to a substantial simplification of the problem. We start with space-time of an arbitrary dimension and show that the Hadamard expansion of the massless scalar and vector Green's functions contain only integer inverse powers of the Synge world function in even dimensions and only half-integer in the odd dimensions. The even-dimensional case then is treated in detail. We analyze divergencies, calculate higher-derivative counterterms, and find a recurrent formula for the local parts of the reaction force in neighboring dimensions. Higher-dimensional curved space counterterms are not simply the covariant generalizations of the flat ones, but contain additional curvature-dependent terms. We illustrate our formalism in four and six dimensions. In the first case we rederive the results of DeWitt-Brehme-Hobbs in a simpler way, in the second case we give a covariant generalization of the Kosyakov equation. The local part of the reaction force is found to contain a term proportional to the Riemann tensor which is absent in four dimensions.
Evaluation of a method for time-of-flight, wavelength and distance calibration for neutron scattering instruments by means of a mini-chopper and standard neutron monitors
Creators: name: Vergara, L.
name: Arai, M.
name: Woracek, R.
name: Olsson, M.
name: Quintanilla, A.
name: Alcock, S.
name: Nilsson, J.
name: Kanaki, K.
name: Kadletz, P. M.
name: Kirstein, O.
name: Hall-Wilton, R.
name: Tsapatsaris, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate conversion of neutron time-of-flight (TOF) to wavelength, and its uncertainty, is of fundamental importance to neutron scattering measurements. Especially in cases where instruments are highly configurable, the determination of the absolute wavelength after any change must always be performed. Inspired by the manner with which neutron spectrometers determine the absolute wavelength, we evaluate for the first time, in the author's knowledge, a commonly used method for converting TOF to neutron wavelength, the distance of a monitor from the source of neutrons and we analytically calculate the uncertainty contributions that limit the precision of the conversion. The method was evaluated at the V20 test beamline at the Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin (HZB), emulating the ESS source with a pulse of 2.86 ms length and 14 Hz repetition rate, by using a mini-chopper operated at 140 Hz, beam monitors (BMs) and data acquisition infrastructure. The mini-chopper created well-defined neutron pulses and the BM was placed at two positions, enabling the average wavelength of each of the pulses created to be determined. The used experimental setup resulted in absolute wavelength determination at the monitor positions with a $δλ_{mean} / λ_{mean}$ of $\sim$1.8% for $λ>4$ Å. With a modest increase of the distance between the reference monitor positions a $δλ_{mean} / λ_{mean}$ of below 0.5% can be achieved. Further improvements are possible by using a thinner monitor, smaller chopper disc openings and a higher rotational speed chopper. The method requires only two neutron measurements and doesn't necessitate the use of crystals or complex fitting, and could constitute a suitable addition to imaging, diffraction, reflectometers and small angle neutron scattering instruments, at spallation sources, that do not normally utilise fast choppers.
Factors associated with the onset of schizophrenia and long term psychosis in adolescents who consume cannabis : a systematic review of the evidence
Creators: name: Wagner, Brandy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: During adolescence the brain undergoes critical neurodevelopment. It is a time when some teens are at increased risk for developing early onset schizophrenia, and when recreational cannabis use is high. Over the past 25 years, a growing body of schizophrenia research has focused on examining linkages between heavy (daily, or >50 times in a lifetime) cannabis use during adolescence and early onset of the disorder during adolescence. Findings suggest an association between neurodevelopment, heavy cannabis use during adolescence and the development of early onset schizophrenia. To date no systematic review (SR) has provided a summary of the main findings or synthesis of the range of factors or has critiqued methodological quality of existing studies. The purpose of my thesis was to provide a synthesis which critically appraises the reporting and methodological quality of observational studies examining factors reported to be associated with early onset schizophrenia in adolescents (aged 10 to 19 years) with a history of heavy cannabis consumption. Nine electronic health databases (Google Scholar, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) were systematically searched to locate relevant studies using predetermined eligibility criteria. Intra-rater reliability was used to reduce selection bias. Data from 16 eligible studies were synthesized using the Gerard method and the STROBE tool was used to appraise reporting and methodological quality of studies. The results of this SR show a strong positive association between heavy and frequent cannabis use during adolescence and early development of schizophrenia/psychotic symptoms. Findings also indicate that age at which cannabis is first used, genetic predisposition, and childhood trauma also increase this risk. The methodological quality of these 16 studies was generally strong however reporting on the handling of missing data, the inclusion of both male and female subjects, and power analyses would have strengthened the evidence. Findings of this SR have implications for nurses in areas of education, research and practice. There are also implications for policies amongst policy makers, and knowledge translation amongst youth, their families, and the general public.
Approximation scheme based on effective interactions for stochastic gene regulation
Creators: name: Ohkubo, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Since gene regulatory systems contain sometimes only a small number of molecules, these systems are not described well by macroscopic rate equations; a master equation approach is needed for such cases. We develop an approximation scheme for dealing with the stochasticity of the gene regulatory systems. Using an effective interaction concept, original master equations can be reduced to simpler master equations, which can be solved analytically. We apply the approximation scheme to self-regulating systems with monomer or dimer interactions, and a two-gene system with an exclusive switch. The approximation scheme can recover bistability of the exclusive switch adequately.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Light-induced current in molecular junctions: Local field and non-Markov effects
Creators: name: Fainberg, Boris D.
name: Sukharev, Maxim
name: Park, Tae-Ho
name: Galperin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two-level system coupled to contacts as a model for charge pump under external laser pulse. The model represents a charge-transfer molecule in a junction, and is a generalization of previously published results [B. D. Fainberg, M. Jouravlev, and A. Nitzan. Phys. Rev. B 76, 245329 (2007)]. Effects of local field for realistic junction geometry and non-Markov response of the molecule are taken into account within finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and on-the-contour equation-of-motion (EOM) formulations, respectively. Our numerical simulations are compared to previously published results.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Axion cosmology with post-Newtonian corrections
Creators: name: Hwang, Jai-chan
name: Noh, Hyerim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first-order post-Newtonian (1PN) approximations of a general imperfect fluid and of an axion as a coherently oscillating massive scalar field, both in the cosmological context. For the axion, using the Klein transformation and Madelung transformation we derive the Schrödinger and Madelung hydrodynamic formulations, respectively, in exact covariant way and to 1PN order. Complete sets of equations for the 1PN formulations are derived without fixing the temporal gauge condition. We study the linear instability in cosmology and a static limit for both fluid and axion; these are presented independently of the gauge condition to 1PN order, thus are naturally gauge-invariant.
description: 18 pages, no figure
Additional file 1 of Transcriptional analysis of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 cryptic species under the selection pressure of neonicotinoids imidacloprid, acetamiprid and thiamethoxam
Creators: name: Zhou, Cheng Song
name: Lv, Huan Huan
name: Guo, Xiao Hu
name: Cao, Qian
name: Zhang, Rui Xingyue
name: Ma, De Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Number-conserving theory of nuclear pairing gaps: a global assessment
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Abhishek
name: Alhassid, Y.
name: Bertsch, G. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study odd-even mass staggering of nuclei, also called pairing gaps, using a Skyrme self-consistent mean-field theory and a numerically exact treatment of the pairing Hamiltonian. We find that the configuration-space Monte Carlo method proposed by Cerf and Martin offers a practical computational procedure to carry out the numerical solutions in large-dimensional model spaces. Refitting the global strength of the pairing interaction for 443 neutron pairing gaps in our number-conserving treatment, we find the correction to the pairing correlation energies and pairing gaps to have rms values of 0.6 MeV and 0.12 MeV, respectively. The exact treatment provides a significant improvement in the fit to experimental gaps, although it is partially masked by a larger rms error due to deficiencies in other aspects of the theory such as the mean-field energy functional.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
GOODS-ALMA 2.0: Last gigayear star formation histories of the so-called starbursts within the main sequence
Creators: name: Ciesla, L.
name: Gómez-Guijarro, C.
name: Buat, V.
name: Elbaz, D.
name: Jin, S.
name: Béthermin, M.
name: Daddi, E.
name: Franco, M.
name: Inami, H.
name: Magdis, G.
name: Magnelli, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a population of compact main sequence (MS) galaxies exhibiting starburst-like properties have been identified in the GOODS-ALMA blind survey at 1.1mm. Several evolution scenarios were proposed to explain their particular physical properties (e.g., compact size, low gas content, short depletion time). In this work, we aim at studying the star formation history (SFH) of the GOODS-ALMA galaxies to understand if the so-called ``starburst (SB) in the MS'' galaxies exhibit a different star formation activity over the last Gyr compared to MS galaxies that could explain their specificity. We use the CIGALE SED modelling code to which we add non-parametric SFHs. To compare quantitatively the recent SFH of the galaxies, we define a parameter, the star formation rate (SFR) gradient that provides the angle showing the direction that a galaxy has followed in the SFR vs stellar mass plane over a given period. We show that ``SB in the MS'' have positive or weak negative gradients over the last 100, 300, and 1000 Myr, at odds with a scenario where these galaxies would be transitioning from the SB region at the end of a strong starburst phase. Normal GOODS-ALMA galaxies and ``SB in the MS'' have the same SFR gradients distributions meaning that they have similar recent SFH, despite their different properties (compactness, low depletion time). The ``SBs in the MS'' manage to maintain a star-formation activity allowing them to stay within the MS. This points toward a diversity of galaxies within a complex MS.
description: Submitted to A&A
An Analysis of Produce Transportation: A Florida Case Study
Creators: name: Beilock, Richard
name: MacDonald, James
name: Powers, Nicholas
name: Beilock, Richard
name: MacDonald, James
name: Powers, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Produce
subject: transportation system
subject: industry structure
subject: trucking
subject: freight rates
subject: freight rate changes

description: Truck transportation rates, which constitute nearly one-third of the price retailers pay for produce delivered to their door, were found to be most influenced by seasonal changes in volume, commodity value and perishability, destination, distance, and trailer size. This report, based mainly on a survey collected from carriers hauling produce out of Florida to national markets, looks at the structure and characteristics of Florida's produce shipping system. Florida, as the Nation's number two produce supplier, is an important enough supplier that findings probably also apply to other major U.S. produce transport systems. Data presented in this report fill an information void because regulatory agencies no longer collect trucking industry statistics.
Common envelope: enthalpy consideration
Creators: name: Ivanova, Natalia
name: Chaichenets, Semyon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter we discuss a modification to the criterion for the common envelope (CE) event to result in envelope dispersion. We emphasize that the current energy criterion for the CE phase is not sufficient for an instability of the CE, nor for an ejection. However, in some cases, stellar envelopes undergo stationary mass outflows, which are likely to occur during the slow spiral-in stage of the CE event. We propose the condition for such outflows, in a manner similar to the currently standard $α_{\rm CE}λ$-prescription but with an addition of $P/ρ$ term in the energy balance equation, accounting therefore for the enthalpy of the envelope rather than merely the gas internal energy. This produces a significant correction, which might help to dispense with an unphysically high value of energy efficiency parameter during CE phase, currently required in the binary population synthesis studies to make the production of low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) with a black hole companion to match the observations.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, ApJL accepted
Evolution of the UV LF from z~15 to z~8 Using New JWST NIRCam Medium-Band Observations over the HUDF/XDF
Creators: name: Bouwens, Rychard J.
name: Stefanon, Mauro
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Oesch, Pascal A.
name: Herard-Demanche, Thomas
name: Illingworth, Garth D.
name: Matthee, Jorryt
name: Naidu, Rohan P.
name: van Dokkum, Pieter G.
name: van Leeuwen, Ivana F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first constraints on the prevalence of z>10 galaxies in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF) leveraging new NIRCam observations from JEMS (JWST Extragalactic Medium-band Survey). These NIRCam observations probe redward of 1.6$μ$m, beyond the wavelength limit of HST, allowing us to search for galaxies to z>10. These observations indicate that the highest redshift candidate identified in the HUDF09 data with HST, UDFj-39546284, has a redshift of z>11.5, as had been suggested in analyses of the HUDF12/XDF data. This has now been confirmed with JWST NIRSpec. This source is thus the most distant galaxy discovered by HST in its >30 years of operation. Additionally, we identify nine other z~8-13 candidate galaxies over the HUDF, two of which are new discoveries that appear to lie at z~11-12. We use these results to characterize the evolution of the UV luminosity function (LF) from z~15 to z~8.7. While our LF results at z~8.7 and z~10.5 are consistent with previous findings over the HUDF, our new LF estimates at z~12.6 are higher than other results in the literature, potentially pointing to a milder evolution in the UV luminosity density from z~12.6. We emphasize that our LF results are uncertain given the small number of z~12.6 sources and limited volume probed. The new NIRCam data also indicate that the faint z~8-13 galaxies in the HUDF/XDF show blue UV-continuum slopes beta~-2.7, high specific star formation rates ~24.5 Gyr**-1, and high EW (~1300A) [OIII]+H$β$ emission, with two z~8.5 sources showing [OIII]+H$β$ EWs of ~2300 A.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, 7 tables, resubmitted to MNRAS, after replying to the referee report
Transformative education for sustainability leadership : identifying and addressing the challenges of mobilizing change
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Julian Matias
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Using a transdisciplinary approach the dissertation explores how change occurs in human systems, and what is needed from us to mobilize such change. Part 1 explores the topic of change in human systems. It includes a literature review regarding the difficulties and realities of mobilizing change on all levels of human systems: individual, organizational, and societal. To complement current change theories and increase their effectiveness in explaining the process of change, two psychological concepts are introduced: individual cycles of emotional experience in the face of loss and crisis, and individual developmental meaning-making structures. From a perspective of practice and mobilizing change the challenges created by different sustainability worldviews are discussed. A simple framework and ten recommendations are presented to aid in the process of diagnosing and mobilizing change. Part 1 concludes with a case study in Costa Rica, diagnosing soil erosion challenges. The study explored motivations of local farmers regarding soil conservation practices, and analyzed their responses to a hypothetical payment for ecosystem services (PES) bidding scheme. It concludes that a PES scheme, in this context, does not address the reasons why farmers are not engaging in soil conservation practices; and is possibly counterproductive to the goal of behavioural change and soil conservation. Part 2 explores how we can better support university students to develop the skills needed to mobilize change and argues that the challenges of sustainability require individuals that have more practical know-how skills and more developed know-who awareness. It concludes that in the context of sustainability, higher education institutions can do more to contribute to the development of these ways of knowing. The cornerstone of part 2 is a case study of a sustainability leadership course taught at UBC. The course aimed to increase individuals’ adaptive leadership skills, and to support transformative learning. The course was successful at both increasing leadership skills and supporting transformative learning, however shortcomings of the course are also presented. The dissertation concludes with a discussion of what has been learned about the limitations of a course based approach to addressing the shortcomings of practical sustainability skills development in a university setting.
Additional file 1 of How does ageism influence frailty? A preliminary study using a structural equation model
Creators: name: Ye, Bo
name: Gao, Junling
name: Fu, Hua
name: Chen, Hao
name: Dong, Wenjing
name: Gu, Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1.
Novel monoamine oxidase B inhibitor downregulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines
Creators: name: Tra, Michelle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Oral inflammatory diseases (e.g. periodontitis) and gastrointestinal inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g. Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis) are characterized by an imbalance in secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines leading to inflammation and epithelial and endothelial cell barrier disruption. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) B, a pro-oxidative enzyme, is induced in epithelial cells of a rat periodontal disease model and topical application of a known MAO inhibitor reduced disease (Ekuni et al., 2009). MAO B inhibitors also reduced TNFα secretion in epithelial cells and decreased endothelial cell hyperpermeability associated with inflammation (Tharakan et al., 2010; Whaley et al., 2009). MAO B inhibitors, such as deprenyl, decrease inflammation, however the mechanism by which this occurs is poorly understood. The Putnins laboratory with collaborators have developed reversible and selective MAO B inhibitors derived from deprenyl that do not cross the BBB. These non-BBB permeable novel inhibitors were developed to reduce CNS-based negative side effects, however, their anti-inflammatory effects have yet to be investigated. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a component of the gram-negative bacterial membrane and is a key mediator of inflammation. The aim of this study is to determine if four novel MAO B inhibitors alter LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in intestinal endothelial and epithelial cells using in vitro cell culture modeling. The two cell lines expressed MAO B but not MAO A protein and the novel MAO B inhibitors did not reduce cell viability nor induce cytotoxicity or apoptosis. However, one compound demonstrated anti-apoptotic effects in intestinal epithelial cells. The novel MAO B inhibitors reduced LPS-induced protein secretion and gene expression of IL-8, IL-6 and TNFα, pro-inflammatory cytokines commonly seen in mucosal inflammatory diseases. Ultimately, this project aims to provide in vitro evidence for the therapeutic potential of novel MAO B inhibitors for the treatment of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines. Reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and gene expression by novel MAO B inhibitors may pose an effective clinical approach to treat a variety of mucosal inflammatory diseases.
Integrated correlators from integrability: Maldacena-Wilson line in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM
Creators: name: Cavaglià, Andrea
name: Gromov, Nikolay
name: Julius, Julius
name: Preti, Michelangelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic method for the derivation of a relation which connects the correlation function of operators on the straight Maldacena-Wilson line with the integrability data for the cusp anomalous dimension. As we show, the derivation requires very careful treatment of the UV divergences. Our method opens a way to derive infinitely many constraints on integrals of multi-point correlation functions, relating them with the integrability data for the generalised cusp anomalous dimension governed by the Quantum Spectral Curve. Such constraints have been shown recently to be very powerful in combination with the numerical conformal bootstrap, leading to very narrow non-perturbative bounds on conformal data beyond the spectrum.
description: 45 pages, 6 figures, ancillary Mathematica notebook; 1 figure added and minor changes in Appendix C
Post-common envelope binaries from SDSS-X: The origin of low-mass white dwarfs
Creators: name: Rebassa-Mansergas, Alberto
name: Gomez-Moran, Ada Nebot
name: Schreiber, Matthias
name: Girven, Jonathan
name: Gansicke, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first white dwarf mass distributions of a large and homogeneous sample of post-common envelope binaries (PCEBs) and wide white dwarf-main sequence binaries (WDMS) directly obtained from observations. Both distributions are statistically independent, with PCEBs showing a clear concentration of systems towards the low-mass end of the distribution, and the white dwarf mass distribution of wide WDMS binaries being similar to those of single white dwarfs. Our results provide evidence that the majority of low-mass (Mwd < 0.5Msun) white dwarfs are formed in close binaries.
description: Accepted in MNRAS. 11 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables
Electron dynamics in planar radio frequency magnetron plasmas: II. Heating and energization mechanisms studied via a 2d3v particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo code
Creators: name: Eremin, D.
name: Berger, B.
name: Engel, D.
name: Kallähn, J.
name: Köhn, K.
name: Krüger, D.
name: Xu, L.
name: Oberberg, M.
name: Wölfel, C.
name: Lunze, J.
name: Awakowicz, P.
name: Schulze, J.
name: Brinkmann, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work investigates electron transport and heating mechanisms using an (r, z) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation of a typical rf-driven axisymmetric magnetron discharge with a conducting target. It is shown that for the considered magnetic field topology the electron current flows through different channels in the (r, z) plane: a ``transverse'' one, which involves current flow through the electrons' magnetic confinement region (EMCR) above the racetrack, and two ''longitudinal'' ones. Electrons gain energy from the electric field along these channels following various mechanisms, which are rather distinct from those sustaining dc-powered magnetrons. The longitudinal power absorption involves mirror-effect heating (MEH), nonlinear electron resonance heating (NERH), magnetized bounce heating (MBH), and the heating by the ambipolar field at the sheath-presheath interface. The MEH and MBH represent two new mechanisms missing from the previous literature. The MEH is caused by a reversed electric field needed to overcome the mirror force generated in a nonuniform magnetic field to ensure sufficient flux of electrons to the powered electrode, and the MBH is related to a possibility for an electron to undergo multiple reflections from the expanding sheath in the longitudinal channels connected by the arc-like magnetic field. The electron heating in the transverse channel is caused mostly by the essentially collisionless Hall heating in the EMCR above the racetrack, generating a strong ExB azimuthal drift velocity. The latter mechanism results in an efficient electron energization, i.e., energy transfer from the electric field to electrons in the inelastic range. Since the main electron population energized by this mechanism remains confined within the discharge for a long time, its contribution to the ionization processes is dominant.
Imitation in Large Games
Creators: name: Paul, Soumya
name: Ramanujam, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In games with a large number of players where players may have overlapping objectives, the analysis of stable outcomes typically depends on player types. A special case is when a large part of the player population consists of imitation types: that of players who imitate choice of other (optimizing) types. Game theorists typically study the evolution of such games in dynamical systems with imitation rules. In the setting of games of infinite duration on finite graphs with preference orderings on outcomes for player types, we explore the possibility of imitation as a viable strategy. In our setup, the optimising players play bounded memory strategies and the imitators play according to specifications given by automata. We present algorithmic results on the eventual survival of types.
Exact formulations of relativistic electrodynamics and magnetohydrodynamics with helically coupled scalar field
Creators: name: Hwang, Jai-chan
name: Noh, Hyerim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the general relativistic electrodynamics and magnetohydrodynamics with a helically coupled scalar field. We consider three component system with the fluid, scalar field and electromagnetic fields with the helical coupling. We derive three exact formulations: the covariant formulation, the ADM formulation, and the fully nonlinear and exact perturbation formulation. We also derive the weak-gravity limit with fully relativistic fluid and fields. The latter two formulations are presented in the cosmological context.
description: 30 pages, no figure. Published in Physical Review D
Interstellar Sonic and Alfvénic Mach Numbers and the Tsallis Distribution
Creators: name: Tofflemire, Benjamin M.
name: Burkhart, Blakesley
name: Lazarian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an effort to characterize the Mach numbers of ISM magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, we study the probability distribution functions (PDFs) of patial increments of density, velocity, and magnetic field for fourteen ideal isothermal MHD simulations at resolution 512^3. In particular, we fit the PDFs using the Tsallis function and study the dependency of fit parameters on the compressibility and magnetization of the gas. We find that the Tsallis function fits PDFs of MHD turbulence well, with fit parameters showing sensitivities to the sonic and Alfven Mach numbers. For 3D density, column density, and position-position-velocity (PPV) data we find that the amplitude and width of the PDFs shows a dependency on the sonic Mach number. We also find the width of the PDF is sensitive to global Alfvenic Mach number especially in cases where the sonic number is high. These dependencies are also found for mock observational cases, where cloud-like boundary conditions, smoothing, and noise are introduced. The ability of Tsallis statistics to characterize sonic and Alfvenic Mach numbers of simulated ISM turbulence point to it being a useful tool in the analysis of the observed ISM, especially when used simultaneously with other statistical techniques.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures, ApJ submitted
PACS Evolutionary Probe (PEP) - A Herschel Key Program
Creators: name: Lutz, D.
name: Poglitsch, A.
name: Altieri, B.
name: Andreani, P.
name: Aussel, H.
name: Berta, S.
name: Bongiovanni, A.
name: Brisbin, D.
name: Cava, A.
name: Cepa, J.
name: Cimatti, A.
name: Daddi, E.
name: Dominguez-Sanchez, H.
name: Elbaz, D.
name: Schreiber, N. M. Forster
name: Genzel, R.
name: Grazian, A.
name: Gruppioni, C.
name: Harwit, M.
name: Floc'h, E. Le
name: Magdis, G.
name: Magnelli, B.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Nordon, R.
name: Garcia, A. M. Perez
name: Popesso, P.
name: Pozzi, F.
name: Riguccini, L.
name: Rodighiero, G.
name: Saintonge, A.
name: Portal, M. Sanchez
name: Santini, P.
name: Shao, L.
name: Sturm, E.
name: Tacconi, L. J.
name: Valtchanov, I.
name: Wetzstein, M.
name: Wieprecht, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep far-infrared photometric surveys studying galaxy evolution and the nature of the cosmic infrared background are a key strength of the Herschel mission. We describe the scientific motivation for the PACS Evolutionary Probe (PEP) guaranteed time key program and its role in the complement of Herschel surveys, and the field selection which includes popular multiwavelength fields such as GOODS, COSMOS, Lockman Hole, ECDFS, EGS. We provide an account of the observing strategies and data reduction methods used. An overview of first science results illustrates the potential of PEP in providing calorimetric star formation rates for high redshift galaxy populations, thus testing and superseeding previous extrapolations from other wavelengths, and enabling a wide range of galaxy evolution studies.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Tuning spin dynamics in crystalline tetracene
Creators: name: Bayliss, Samuel Luke
name: Kraffert, Felix
name: Wang, Rui
name: Zhang, Chunfeng
name: Bittl, Robert
name: Behrends, Jan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Crystals
subject: Nuclear fission
subject: Crystal structure
subject: Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
subject: Quantum mechanics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: Tetracene is an archetypal material undergoing singlet fission—the generation of a pair of triplet excitons from one singlet exciton. Here, using time-resolved electron spin resonance, we show how the spin dynamics in tetracene crystals are influenced by temperature and morphology. Upon cooling from 300 to 200 K, we observe a switch between singlet fission and intersystem crossing generated triplets, manifesting as an inversion in transient spin polarization. We extract a spin dephasing time of approximately 40 ns for fission-generated triplets at room temperature, nearly 100 times shorter than the dephasing time that we measure for triplets localized on isolated tetracene molecules. These results highlight the importance of morphology and thermal activation in singlet fission systems.
Serial span predicts vocoded sentence recognition (Bosen & Barry, 2020)
Creators: name: Bosen, Adam K.
name: Barry, Michael F.
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170112 Sensory Processes, Perception and Performance
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 170204 Linguistic Processes (incl. Speech Production and Comprehension)

description: Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine how various aspects of cognition predict speech recognition ability across different levels of speech vocoding within a single group of listeners.Method: We tested the ability of young adults (N = 32) with normal hearing to recognize Perceptually Robust English Sentence Test Open-set (PRESTO) sentences that were degraded with a vocoder to produce different levels of spectral resolution (16, eight, and four carrier channels). Participants also completed tests of cognition (fluid intelligence, short-term memory, and attention), which were used as predictors of sentence recognition. Sentence recognition was compared across vocoder conditions, predictors were correlated with individual differences in sentence recognition, and the relationships between predictors were characterized.Results: PRESTO sentence recognition performance declined with a decreasing number of vocoder channels, with no evident floor or ceiling performance in any condition. Individual ability to recognize PRESTO sentences was consistent relative to the group across vocoder conditions. Short-term memory, as measured with serial recall, was a moderate predictor of sentence recognition (ρ = 0.65). Serial recall performance was constant across vocoder conditions when measured with a digit span task. Fluid intelligence was marginally correlated with serial recall, but not sentence recognition. Attentional measures had no discernible relationship to sentence recognition and a marginal relationship with serial recall.Conclusions: Verbal serial recall is a substantial predictor of vocoded sentence recognition, and this predictive relationship is independent of spectral resolution. In populations that show variable speech recognition outcomes, such as listeners with cochlear implants, it should be possible to account for the independent effects of spectral resolution and verbal serial recall in their speech recognition ability.
Supplemental Material S1. A complete set of words and word lists.
Bosen, A. K., & Barry, M. F. (2020). Serial recall predicts vocoded sentence recognition across spectral resolutions. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-19-00319
*Note, this supplemental material was revised January 24, 2022.
Two-Domain DNA Strand Displacement
Creators: name: Cardelli, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the computing power of a restricted class of DNA strand displacement structures: those that are made of double strands with nicks (interruptions) in the top strand. To preserve this structural invariant, we impose restrictions on the single strands they interact with: we consider only two-domain single strands consisting of one toehold domain and one recognition domain. We study fork and join signal-processing gates based on these structures, and we show that these systems are amenable to formalization and to mechanical verification.
Additional file 1 of Urogenital Microbiota:Potentially Important Determinant of PD-L1 Expression in Male Patients with Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
Creators: name: Chen, Chunxiao
name: Huang, Zehai
name: Huang, Pengcheng
name: Li, Kun
name: Zeng, Jiarong
name: Wen, Yuehui
name: Li, Biao
name: Zhao, Jie
name: Wu, Peng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1.The number of reads and OTUs for each sample.