cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Carsharing as an urban mobility solution : measures to establish sustainable business models through innovative concepts
Creators: name: Merget, Julian
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: carsharing
subject: profitability
subject: urban mobility
subject: service innovations

description: In urban areas, the growing vehicle population is leading to an increasing traffic density as well as a higher utilization rate of the existing public infrastructure, which is resulting in problems such as congestion, air pollution and insufficient parking spots. This development is exacerbated by the accumulative effects of urbanization, which is calling for a counter-control. As an approach for making better use of the vehicles in urban areas, intelligent and fully-integrated mobility concepts - such as Carsharing - have been developed. However, these concepts can only be a solution when they are widely disseminated and have been lucrative for the providers. Therefore, the business models need to gain sustainable profitability in the long-term, which is the major research obejective of the given thesis. Hence, concrete measures to establish profitable mobility services will be determined by taking into consideration the following key trends: 1.: Urbanisation - highlighting the increasing share of urban population and its impact on straining the urban mobility infrastructure to the utmost 2.: Demographic Development - showing the ageing population and the stagnating population in Europe, resulting in the need for tailored mobility services 3.: Changing Consumer Behaviour - underlining the current shift in paradigm: 'usage instead of ownership', as well as the decreasing importance of the privatelyowned vehicle as a status symbol 4.: Urban Infrastructure Restrictions - presenting the impact of inner-city restrictions, such as fees for private vehicles entering the city, on mobility concepts 5.: Social Responsibility - describing the increasing need for social and environmental responsibility in the population and their influence on urban mobility. Besides this, the given MBA-Thesis further bridges the gap between scientific research and the long-term profitability of operating mobility service businesses by developing a profitability tool to reflect future business profits. Hereby, also different scenarios will be applied, to identify the relevant key drivers for profitability. Finally both, the scientific trend analysis as well as the development and application of the profitability tool, will lead to a list of concrete measures to establish sustainable business models through innovative concepts.
Bridging entanglement dynamics and chaos in semiclassical systems
Creators: name: Lerose, Alessio
name: Pappalardi, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is widely recognized that entanglement generation and dynamical chaos are intimately related in semiclassical models via the process of decoherence. In this work, we propose a unifying framework which directly connects the bipartite and multipartite entanglement growth to the quantifiers of classical and quantum chaos. In the semiclassical regime, the dynamics of the von Neumann entanglement entropy, the spin squeezing, the quantum Fisher information and the out-of-time-order square commutator are governed by the divergence of nearby phase-space trajectories via the local Lyapunov spectrum, as suggested by previous conjectures in the literature. General analytical predictions are confirmed by detailed numerical calculations for two paradigmatic models, relevant in atomic and optical experiments, which exhibit a regular-to-chaotic transition: the quantum kicked top and the Dicke model.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 3 appendices
Emergence of the Circle in a Statistical Model of Random Cubic Graphs
Creators: name: Kelly, Christy
name: Trugenberger, Carlo
name: Biancalana, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a formal discretisation of Euclidean quantum gravity defined by a statistical model of random $3$-regular graphs and making using of the Ollivier curvature, a coarse analogue of the Ricci curvature. Numerical analysis shows that the Hausdorff and spectral dimensions of the model approach $1$ in the joint classical-thermodynamic limit and we argue that the scaling limit of the model is the circle of radius $r$, $S^1_r$. Given mild kinematic constraints, these claims can be proven with full mathematical rigour: speaking precisely, it may be shown that for $3$-regular graphs of girth at least $4$, any sequence of action minimising configurations converges in the sense of Gromov-Hausdorff to $S^1_r$. We also present strong evidence for the existence of a second-order phase transition through an analysis of finite size effects. This -- essentially solvable -- toy model of emergent one-dimensional geometry is meant as a controllable paradigm for the nonperturbative definition of random flat surfaces.
description: Minor revisions
Effect of silica colloids on the rheology of viscoelastic gels formed by the surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium tosylate
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, R.
name: Sood, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of the addition of sub-micrometer sized colloidal silica spheres on the linear and nonlinear rheology of semi-dilute solutions of a viscoelastic gel are studied. For a 1.4 wt.% solution of the surfactant CTAT, a peak in the zero shear rate viscosity $η_{\circ}$ is observed at approximately equal weight percents of silica and CTAT. This peak shifts to lower silica concentrations on increasing either the CTAT concentration or the surface charge on silica and disappears when the CTAT concentration is increased to 2.6wt%. The increases in $η_{\circ}$ and the high frequency plateau modulus G$_{\circ}$ on the introduction of SiO$_{2}$ are explained by considering the increasingly entangled wormlike micelles that are formed due to the enhanced screening of the electrostatic interactions. The observed decrease in the values of G$_{\circ}$ and $η_{\circ}$ at higher concentrations of silica particles is explained in terms of the formation of surfactant bilayers due to the adsorption of the positively charged cetyl trimethylammonium to the negatively charged silica.
description: 28 pages, includes 8 eps and 2 png figures; accepted for publication in Jl. Colloid Interface Sci
Testing the Equivalence Principle with Strong Lensing Time Delay Variations
Creators: name: Giani, Leonardo
name: Frion, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong lensing time delay measurements provide a valuable and almost model-independent tool for cosmological investigations. In this work we recognize that they also carry information on the strength of the gravitational coupling at the redshift of the lens, and thus could be in principle used to test the equivalence principle on extragalactic scales. For the case of an extended lens with a static mass distribution we explicitly derive an analytical relation between $\dot{G}/G$ and the relative variation of the time delay. For illustrative purpose, we apply our formula to the light curves of multiple images of the quasar DES J0408-5354 and simulated ones, which results in weak constraints on the variation of $\dot{G}/G$ of order $10^{-1}-10^{-2} \, yr^{-1}$ in the best scenario. Finally, we briefly discuss how those constraints can be improved in the next future.
description: v2: 15 pages, 4 figures and a discussion of uncertainties added, replaced to match version accepted for publication. comments are welcome
Benchmarking Forecasting Models for Space Weather Drivers
Creators: name: Licata, Richard J.
name: Tobiska, W. Kent
name: Mehta, Piyush M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Space weather indices are commonly used to drive operational forecasts of various geospace systems, including the thermosphere for mass density and satellite drag. The drivers serve as proxies for various processes that cause energy flow and deposition in the geospace system. Forecasts of neutral mass density is a major uncertainty in operational orbit prediction and collision avoidance for objects in low earth orbit (LEO). For the strongly driven system, accuracy of space weather driver forecasts is crucial for operations. The High Accuracy Satellite Drag Model (HASDM) currently employed by the United States Air Force in an operational environment is driven by four (4) solar and two (2) geomagnetic proxies. Space Environment Technologies (SET) is contracted by the space command to provide forecasts for the drivers. This work performs a comprehensive assessment for the performance of the driver forecast models. The goal is to provide a benchmark for future improvements of the forecast models. Using an archived data set spanning six (6) years and 15,000 forecasts across solar cycle 24, we quantify the temporal statistics of the model performance.
Large-Q_T W-boson production at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Kidonakis, Nikolaos
name: Vera, Agustin Sabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of W bosons at large transverse momentum at the Tevatron is dominated by soft-gluon corrections. In this talk we present a calculation of these corrections at next-to-next-to-leading order. The corrections enhance the transverse momentum distribution of the W while reducing the scale dependence.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, presented at DPF04, Riverside, California, August 26-31, 2004
Aerosol optical depth retrieval from the EarthCARE Multi-Spectral Imager: the M-AOT product
Creators: name: Docter, Nicole
name: Preusker, Rene
name: Filipitsch, Florian
name: Kritten, Lena
name: Schmidt, Franziska
name: Fischer, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Aerosol optical depth retrieval
subject: EarthCARE Multi-Spectral Imager
subject: Earth Explorer
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: The Earth Explorer mission Earth Clouds, Aerosols and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) will not only provide profile information on aerosols but also deliver a horizontal context to it through measurements by its Multi-Spectral Imager (MSI). The columnar aerosol product relying on these passive signals is called M-AOT (MSI-Aerosol Optical Thickness). Its main parameters are aerosol optical thickness (AOT) at 670 nm over ocean and valid land pixels and at 865 nm over ocean. Here, the algorithm and assumptions behind it are presented. Further, first examples of product parameters are given based on applying the algorithm to simulated EarthCARE test data and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Level-1 data. Comparisons to input fields used for simulations, to the official MODIS aerosol product, to AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) and to Maritime Aerosol Network (MAN) show an overall reasonable agreement. Over ocean, correlations are 0.98 (simulated scenes), 0.96 (compared to MYD04) and 0.9 (compared to MAN). Over land, correlations are 0.62 (simulated scenes), 0.87 (compared to MYD04) and 0.77 (compared to AERONET). A concluding discussion will focus on future improvements that are necessary and envisioned to enhance the product.
Single production of vector-like bottom quark at the LHeC
Creators: name: Gong, Xue
name: Yue, Chong-Xing
name: Yu, Hai-Mei
name: Li, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Existences of vector-like quarks (VLQs) are predicted in many new physics scenarios beyond the Standard Model (SM). We study the possibility of detecting the vector-like bottom quark (VLQ-$B$) being the $SU(2)$ singlet with electric charge $-1/3$ at the Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC) in a model-independent framework. The decay properties and single production of VLQ-$B$ at the LHeC are explored. Three types of signatures are investigated. By carrying out a fast simulation for the signals and the corresponding backgrounds, the signal significances are obtained. Our numerical results show that detecting of VLQ-$B$ via the semileptonic channel is better than via the fully hadronic or leptonic channel.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures, Prepared for publication
Additional file 1 of IC100: a novel anti-ASC monoclonal antibody improves functional outcomes in an animal model of multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Haritha L. Desu
name: Plastini, Melanie
name: Illiano, Placido
name: Bramlett, Helen M.
name: W. Dalton Dietrich
name: Vaccari, Juan Pablo De Rivero
name: Brambilla, Roberta
name: Keane, Robert W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Antibodies for flow cytometry.
title: The shift from closed to open innovation in automotive industry
Creators: name: Peikov, Dimitar
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: automotive industry
subject: open innovation
subject: closed innovation
subject: collaborative innovation
subject: automotive suppliers

description: Adoption of open innovation in each industry is a long process and implementation of such practices is hardly dependent from industry specifics. In industry like automotive, where number of standards are applying restrictions and at the same time imply strong push for improvements, it's important to measure the level of implemented collaborative practices in various processes of idea gathering, concept build, engineering, design and manufacturing. Thus proposed methodology is trying to capture the established practices, and then the process aspect, then involvement in standardization and community based partnerships, and finally community affiliation in collaborative innovation. Analysis on achieved results is to provide basic interpretation of numbers and how to read trends in process related dependencies. As the scope of the research was limited to automotive electronics suppliers, extending it to other domains and industries shall be easy, and can be used as comparison basis. However, as not all organizations operating in the industry had been interviewed and as the list of people was focused to ones having expertise (more than 10 years) and having at least some management experiences, additional limitation on completeness and possibilities is to miss important aspects or change of some values than currently presented. Finally the results and methodology can be used in individual organizations to measure their affiliated organizations and to understand their motivation for implementing open innovations with them.
title: What big companies can learn from startups to innovate more successfully?
Creators: name: Shevchenko, Ianina
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: innovation
subject: innovation management
subject: startup innovation
subject: breakthrough innovation
subject: corporative innovation

description: Although innovations play an important role for a success in nowadays business, not all companies, specifically established big corporations, are able to innovate successfully. Yet, big companies are good at performing incremental innovations, which bring slight improvements but less value. However, they tend to systematically fail in conducting breakthrough innovations. There are a variety of reasons for that: complicated internal regulations, procedures, structures, inefficient innovation processes, etc. Startups and small companies are often more flexible, agile, adaptive and successful in conducting industry & changing innovations. In my master thesis I would like to analyse the internal barriers, preventing big companies from successful innovating, research what start & ups are able to do more efficiently, and outdraw the recommendations, how to incubate best practices from startups into big companies, in order to increase their success rate in introducing innovations.
The Arte de bien morir : changes in the Church's official discourses from fifteenth century Spain to eighteenth century Mexico
Creators: name: Bastante, Pamela
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The Ars moriendi manuals were instrumental in the late medieval Church's discourses of confession and penance. This genre, which developed as a reaction to the Black Death and other social and natural disasters of the fourteenth century, produced many vernacular versions in Europe which varied in content and length. Though the message was the same and promoted the Church's emphasis on confession for the soul's salvation, the genre continued to evolve in the sixteenth century under the Humanist movement and the Reformation of the Church. As a result, the Ars moriendi manual, which had been popular because of its brevity and concision, was chosen by the Franciscan Order as an essential text for promoting the Christian doctrine in New Spain and for reorganizing the funerary practices therein. The sixteenth to eighteenth-century Mexican versions of the Arte de bien morir reiterate the discourse of the Church regarding the salvation of the soul (live well to die well); however, they also address important and specific issues that were of concern to the Church of New Spain; chiefly, religious syncretism and idolatry. This dissertation makes use of documents from the Archivo General de la Nation (AGN) in Mexico City, the Biblioteca Nacional de Mexico, the Biblioteca Nacional de Antropologia e Historia in Mexico City. Studies by scholars such as Rowe and Schelling, Todorov, Gruzinki, Mignolo, Weckmann and Duverger, are also drawn upon to highlight these pressing issues of the Mexican Church and to identify the official and unofficial discourses that link the Old World to the New.
Additional file 1 of miR-185-5p response to usnic acid suppresses proliferation and regulating apoptosis in breast cancer cell by targeting Bcl2
Creators: name: Değerli, Elif
name: Torun, Vildan
name: Cansaran-Duman, Demet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. The relative gene expression analysis of apoptosis related genes.
Can renewable energy communities enable a just energy transition? Exploring alignment between stakeholder motivations and needs and EU policy in Latvia, Norway, Portugal and Spain
Creators: name: Standal, Karina
name: Leiren, Merethe Dotterud
name: Alonso, Irene
name: Azevedo, Isabel
name: Kudrenickis, Ivars
name: Maleki-Dizaji, Pouyan
name: Laes, Erik
name: Nucci, Maria Rosaria Di
name: Krug, Michael
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Energy community
subject: Renewable energy communities
subject: Low-carbon energy transition
subject: Energy democracy
subject: Energy justice
subject: Politics of recognition
subject: Politics of distribution
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: As a response to societal polarisation and mobilisation against the clean energy transition and renewable energy projects, policy makers at EU level have put focus on renewable energy communities as an instrument to drive transition, due their ability to promote citizens' participation and control over decision-making in renewable energy at local level. Literature on public acceptance and legitimacy of renewable energy projects highlights issues related to who are recognised and included as stakeholders, (un)fair distribution of the costs and benefits related to projects and the decision-making procedures involved. Renewable energy communities bring potential positive aspects that drive public acceptance, including social ownership, community development and distribution of benefits to grassroot actors. We contribute to the literature on how energy justice is perceived and can be enacted through renewable energy communities. In this article we explore what challenges for energy justice can be identified for renewable energy communities from the perspective of potential and existing shareholders in Latvia, Norway, Portugal and Spain. We also briefly discuss how identified challenges are addressed in the recast Renewable Energy Directive (REDII).
Conformal correlators as simplex integrals in momentum space
Creators: name: Bzowski, Adam
name: McFadden, Paul
name: Skenderis, Kostas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find the general solution of the conformal Ward identities for scalar $n$-point functions in momentum space and in general dimension. The solution is given in terms of integrals over $(n-1)$-simplices in momentum space. The $n$ operators are inserted at the $n$ vertices of the simplex, and the momenta running between any two vertices of the simplex are the integration variables. The integrand involves an arbitrary function of momentum-space cross ratios constructed from the integration variables, while the external momenta enter only via momentum conservation at each vertex. Correlators where the function of cross ratios is a monomial exhibit a remarkable recursive structure where $n$-point functions are built in terms of $(n-1)$-point functions. To illustrate our discussion, we derive the simplex representation of $n$-point contact Witten diagrams in a holographic conformal field theory. This can be achieved through both a recursive method, as well as an approach based on the star-mesh transformation of electrical circuit theory. The resulting expression for the function of cross ratios involves $(n-2)$ integrations, which is an improvement (when $n>4$) relative to the Mellin representation that involves $n(n-3)/2$ integrations.
description: 44 pages, 4 figures. v2: published version
title: Design methods for innovative software products and services
Creators: name: Stoitsova, Kristina Dimitrova
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Software Design
subject: User Experience
subject: Design Thinking
subject: User Centered Design

description: "The main goal of this master thesis is to make an overview of contemporary design approaches that exist for the development of innovative software products and services. The aspect of product design that is discussed in this work is the user-facing design (aka usability, user experience). This text does not aim to cover technological, marketing, production, operations or other aspects of the product development lifecycle. This analysis provides a general discussion of the creative process of design and introduces the concept of a 'frame' for addressing the main design paradox. It reviews various design approaches - User Centered Design, Activity Centered Design, Data Driven Design, Systems Design and Genius Design. A framework for assessing and comparing them is introduced to help the reader evaluate which one would best fit a certain context. The User Centered Design approach is analysed in greater detail. The document provides a description and comparison of five main User Centered Design methods - Participatory Design, Contextual Design, Design Thinking, Empathic Design and Lead User Method. The structure of the processes for applying them in new software product or service development is presented. A real-life case study about the application of Design Thinking at SAP is included to capture the practical aspects of applying design methods to software projects. In practice, this analysis can be used: - As a reference list of options for applying design approaches and methods, specifically for the purpose of developing innovative software products and services - To inform a decision which design approach and method would be most effective in a certain context - To provide references for further analysis of related aspects - human-computer interaction, user experience, software development lifecycle, software teams design"
Some combinatorial aspects of composition of a set of functions
Creators: name: Malesevic, Branko J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C30; 58A10

description: In this paper we determine a number of meaningful compositions of higher order of a set of functions, which is considered in Malesevic (1998), in implicit and explicit form. Results which are obtained are applied to the vector analysis in order to determine the number of meaningful differential operations of higher order.
On lattices of convex sets in R^n
Creators: name: Bergman, George M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A20 (primary), 06B20, 54H12 (secondary)

description: Properties of several sorts of lattices of convex subsets of R^n are examined. The lattice of convex sets containing the origin turns out, for n>1, to satisfy a set of identities strictly between those of the lattice of all convex subsets of R^n and the lattice of all convex subsets of R^{n-1}. The lattices of arbitrary, of open bounded, and of compact convex sets in R^n all satisfy the same identities, but the last of these is join-semidistributive, while for n>1 the first two are not. The lattice of relatively convex subsets of a fixed set S \subseteq R^n satisfies some, but in general not all of the identities of the lattice of ``genuine'' convex subsets of R^n.
description: 35 pages, to appear in Algebra Universalis, Ivan Rival memorial issue. See also http://math.berkeley.edu/~gbergman/papers
Star-forming accretion flows and the low luminosity nuclei of giant elliptical galaxies
Creators: name: Tan, Jonathan C.
name: Blackman, E. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The luminosities of the centers of nearby elliptical galaxies are very low compared to models of thin disc accretion to their black holes at the Bondi rate, typically a few hundredths to a few tenths of a solar mass per year. This has motivated models of inefficiently-radiated accretion that invoke weak electron-ion thermal coupling, and/or inhibited accretion rates due to convection or outflows. Here we point out that even if such processes are operating, a significant fraction of the accreting gas is prevented from reaching the central black hole because it condenses into stars in a gravitationally unstable disc. Star formation occurs inside the Bondi radius (typically ~100pc in giant ellipticals), but still relatively far from the black hole in terms of Schwarzschild radii. Star formation depletes and heats the gas disc, eventually leading to a marginally stable, but much reduced, accretion flow to the black hole. We predict the presence of cold (~100K), dusty gas discs, containing clustered H-alpha emission and occasional type II supernovae, both resulting from the presence of massive stars. Star formation accounts for several features of the M87 system: a thin disc, traced by H-alpha emission, is observed on scales of about 100pc, with features reminiscent of spiral arms and dust lanes; the star formation rate inferred from the intensity of H-alpha emission is consistent with the Bondi accretion rate of the system. Star formation may therefore help suppress accretion onto the central engines of massive ellipticals. We also discuss some implications for the fueling of the Galactic center and quasars.
description: 13 pages, accepted to MNRAS
Optical and plasmonic properties of twisted bilayer graphene: Impact of interlayer tunneling asymmetry and ground-state charge inhomogeneity
Creators: name: Novelli, Pietro
name: Torre, Iacopo
name: Koppens, Frank H. L.
name: Taddei, Fabio
name: Polini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of the local optical conductivity, plasmon spectra, and thermoelectric properties of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) at different filling factors and twist angles $θ$. Our calculations are based on the electronic band structures obtained from a continuum model that has two tunable parameters, $u_0$ and $u_1$, which parametrize the intra-sublattice inter-layer and inter-sublattice inter-layer tunneling rate, respectively. In this Article we focus on two key aspects: i) we study the dependence of our results on the value of $u_0$, exploring the whole range $0\leq u_0\leq u_1$; ii) we take into account effects arising from the intrinsic charge density inhomogeneity present in TBG, by calculating the band structures within the self-consistent Hartree approximation. At zero filling factor, i.e. at the charge neutrality point, the optical conductivity is quite sensitive to the value of $u_0$ and twist angle, whereas the charge inhomogeneity brings about only modest corrections. On the other hand, away from zero filling, static screening dominates and the optical conductivity is appreciably affected by the charge inhomogeneity, the largest effects being seen on the intra-band contribution to it. These findings are also reflected by the plasmonic spectra. We compare our results with existing ones in the literature, where effects i) and ii) above have not been studied systematically. As natural byproducts of our calculations, we obtain the Drude weight and Seebeck coefficient. The former displays an enhanced particle-hole asymmetry stemming from the inhomogeneous ground-state charge distribution. The latter is shown to display a broad sign-changing feature even at low temperatures ($\approx 5~{\rm K}$) due to the reduced slope of the bands, as compared to those of single-layer graphene.
description: 28 pages, 16 figures, 6 appendices
On the coexistence of competing languages
Creators: name: Luck, Jean-Marc
name: Mehta, Anita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the evolution of competing languages, a subject where much previous literature suggests that the outcome is always the domination of one language over all the others. Since coexistence of languages is observed in reality, we here revisit the question of language competition, with an emphasis on uncovering the ways in which coexistence might emerge. We find that this emergence is related to symmetry breaking, and explore two particular scenarios -- the first relating to an imbalance in the population dynamics of language speakers in a single geographical area, and the second to do with spatial heterogeneity, where language preferences are specific to different geographical regions. For each of these, the investigation of paradigmatic situations leads us to a quantitative understanding of the conditions leading to language coexistence. We also obtain predictions of the number of surviving languages as a function of various model parameters.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, 47 references. To appear in EPJ B
Shocked Molecular Gas in the Supernova Remnants W 28 and W 44: Near-infrared and millimeter-wave observations
Creators: name: reach, William T.
name: Rho, Jeonghee
name: Jarrett, T. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High resolution millimeter-wave and near-infrared observations of the supernova remnants W28 and W44 reveal extensive shocked molecular gas where supernova blast waves are propagating into giant molecular clouds. New CO observations were carried out with the IRAM 30-m and ARO 12-m telescopes, and the near-infrared observations were with Palomar 200-inch telescope. The near-infrared observations reveal shocked H2 emission from both supernova remnants, showing intricate networks of filaments on arcsec scales, following the bright ridges of the radio shells. The CO and CS linewidths, indicative of the shock speed, are 20-30 km/s. Both the near-infrared and millimeter-wave emission are attributed to shocks into gas with density >1e3 cm-3. Individual shock structures are resolved in the H2 emission, with inferred edge-on shock thickness ~1e17 cm, consistent with non-dissociative shocks into gas densities of 1e3-1e4 cm-3. Bright 1720 MHz OH masers are located within the shocked H2 gas complexes and highlight only localized areas where the conditions for masing are optimal. The Halpha and X-ray emission, have morphologies very different from the radio. We find a detailed correlation of the radio and H2 emission for some long filaments, indicating cosmic ray acceleration or re-acceleration due to the shocks into moderately dense gas. The different morphologies of these two remnants at different wavelengths is explained by a highly nonuniform structure for giant molecular clouds.
description: ApJ, in press; several figures in jpg form
The Stellar Initial Mass Function in the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Figer, Donald F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive stars define the upper limits of the star formation process, dominate the energetics of their local environs, and significantly affect the chemical evolution of galaxies. Their role in starburst galaxies and the early Universe is likely to be important, but we still do not know the maximum mass that a star can possess, i.e.``the upper mass cutoff.'' I will discuss results from a program to measure the upper mass cutoff and IMF slope in the Galactic Center. The results suggest that the IMF in the Galactic center may deviate significantly from the Salpeter value, and that there may be an upper mass cutoff to the initial mass function of $\sim$150 Msun.
description: To be published in the IMF@50 conference proceedings
Cohen-Macaulay binomial edge ideals of small graphs
Creators: name: Bolognini, Davide
name: Macchia, Antonio
name: Rinaldo, Giancarlo
name: Strazzanti, Francesco
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Binomial edge ideals
subject: Cohen-Macaulay rings
subject: Accessible set systems
subject: Blocks with whiskers
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: A combinatorial property that characterizes Cohen-Macaulay binomial edge ideals has long been elusive. A recent conjecture ties the Cohen-Macaulayness of a binomial edge ideal JG to special disconnecting sets of vertices of its underlying graph G, called cut sets. More precisely, the conjecture states that JG is Cohen-Macaulay if and only if JG is unmixed and the collection of the cut sets of G is an accessible set system. In this paper we prove the conjecture theoretically for all graphs with up to 12 vertices and develop an algorithm that allows to computationally check the conjecture for all graphs with up to 15 vertices and all blocks with whiskers where the block has at most 11 vertices. This significantly extends previous computational results.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE DAIRY TRADE BETWEEN MALAWI AND THE EUROPEAN UNION
Creators: name: Toma, Luiza
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Thomson, Steven
name: Toma, Luiza
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Thomson, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Malawian dairy trade
subject: European Union
subject: constant market shares analysis

description: To protect Malawian dairy farmers against cheap imports of milk powder, tariffs on dairy imports were increased in 2010. The purpose of this work is to analyse the effects of this policy measure on the dairy trade between Malawi and the European Union (EU). The results show that the increase in tariffs and fluctuations in the international dairy price have not had a significant impact on imports from partners outside trade agreements (e.g., EU) and imports of dairy products, and especially milk powder, are still strong. Since the increase in imports was from products with high value added, these were not destined to increase the availability of affordable products for the vast poor population and to reinforce food security.
The Mobius-Pompeiu metric property
Creators: name: Malesevic, Branko J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54E35; 51M16

description: In the paper we consider an extension of Mobius-Pompeiu theorem of the elementary geometry over metric spaces. We specially take into consideration Ptolemaic metric spaces.
description: Version without pictures. Minor corrections in examples
Assessing three closed-loop learning algorithms by searching for high-quality quantum control pulses
Creators: name: Yang, Xiao-dong
name: Arenz, Christian
name: Pelczer, Istvan
name: Chen, Qi-Ming
name: Wu, Re-Bing
name: Peng, Xin-hua
name: Rabitz, Herschel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Designing a high-quality control is crucial for reliable quantum computation. Among the existing approaches, closed-loop leaning control is an effective choice. Its efficiency depends on the learning algorithm employed, thus deserving algorithmic comparisons for its practical applications. Here, we assess three representative learning algorithms, including GRadient Ascent Pulse Engineering (GRAPE), improved Nelder-Mead (NMplus) and Differential Evolution (DE), by searching for high-quality control pulses to prepare the Bell state. We first implement each algorithm experimentally in a nuclear magnetic resonance system and then conduct a numerical study considering the impact of some possible significant experimental uncertainties. The experiments report the successful preparation of the high-fidelity target state with different convergence speeds by the three algorithms, and these results coincide with the numerical simulations when potential uncertainties are negligible. However, under certain significant uncertainties, these algorithms possess distinct performance with respect to their resulting precision and efficiency. This study provides insight to aid in the practical application of different closed-loop learning algorithms in realistic physical scenarios.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Is M82 X-1 Really An Intermediate-Mass Black Hole? X-ray Spectral and Timing Evidence
Creators: name: Fiorito, Ralph
name: Titarchuk, Lev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs) with apparent luminosities up to 100's of times the Eddington luminosity for a neutron star have been discovered in external galaxies. The existence of intermediate mass black holes has been proposed to explain these sources. We present evidence for an intermediate-mass black hole in the ULX M82 X-1 based on the spectral features and timing (QPO) properties of the X-radiation from this source. We revisited XMM Newton and RXTE data for M82 X-1 obtained in 2001 and 1997 for XMM and RXTE respectively. We show for these observations that the source is either in transition or in a high/soft state with photon spectral indices 2.1 and 2.7 respectively. We confirm the early determination of the QPO frequency ~ 55 mHz in this source by Strohmayer & Mushotzky and identify this as the low frequency QPO for the source. We apply a new method to determine the BH mass of M82 X-1. The method uses the index-QPO low frequency correlation that has been recently been established in galactic black hole candidates GRS 1915+105, XTE J1550-564, 4U 1630-47 and others. Using scaling arguments and the correlation derived from consideration of galactic BHs, we conclude that M82 X-1 is an intermediate BH with a mass of the order of 1000 solar masses.
description: 7 pages and 3 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters, v.614, 2004, October 20
Search for a light pseudoscalar Higgs boson in the boosted $μμττ$ final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for a light pseudoscalar Higgs boson (a) decaying from the 125 GeV (or a heavier) scalar Higgs boson (H) is performed using the 2016 LHC proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$, collected by the CMS experiment. The analysis considers gluon fusion and vector boson fusion production of the H, followed by the decay H $\to$ aa $\to$ $μμττ$, and considers pseudoscalar masses in the range 3.6 $\lt$ $m_\mathrm{a}$ $\lt$ 21 GeV. Because of the large mass difference between the H and the a bosons and the small masses of the a boson decay products, both the $μμ$ and the $ττ$ pairs have high Lorentz boost and are collimated. The $ττ$ reconstruction efficiency is increased by modifying the standard technique for hadronic $τ$ lepton decay reconstruction to account for a nearby muon. No significant signal is observed. Model-independent limits are set at 95% confidence level, as a function of $m_\mathrm{a}$, on the branching fraction ($\mathcal{B}$) for H $\to$ aa $\to$ $μμττ$, down to 1.5 (2.0) $\times$ 10$^{-4}$ for $m_\mathrm{H} =$ 125 (300) GeV. Model-dependent limits on $\mathcal{B}$(H $\to$ aa) are set within the context of two Higgs doublets plus singlet models, with the most stringent results obtained for Type-III models. These results extend current LHC searches for heavier a bosons that decay to resolved lepton pairs and provide the first such bounds for an H boson with a mass above 125 GeV.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIG-18-024 (CMS Public Pages)
Identifying the domains involved in the regulation of RasGRP1 in response to BCR ligation
Creators: name: Beaulieu, Nadine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are proteins that act as activators for the Ras family of small GTPases. In order to become activated, they typically need to localize in membrane structures, where their substrates are located. RasGRPl is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor whose activation is associated with translocation to membranes. Previous studies have indicated that translocation of RasGRPI is driven solely by binding o f its Cl domain to diacylglycerol (DAG) generated in membranes following receptor-coupled phospholipase C's activation. In DT40 B cells, ligation of the B cell receptor induces RasGRPl activation, and translocation of RasGRPl occurs exclusively to the plasma membrane. My thesis focused on identifying the domains involved in RasGRPl translocation and activation. My results show that the Cl domain of RasGRPl is essential for efficient BCR-induced plasma membrane translocation and activation, but on its own the Cl domain is unable to drive translocation to the plasma membrane. I identified a domain of RasGRPl, termed the KWEN loop, which acts in conjunction with an adjacent leucine zipper (LZ) to confer BCR-induced translocation to the plasma membrane, either autonomously or in cooperation with the Cl domain. In addition, a newly identified repressor region was shown to dampen KWEN/LZ-mediated translocation and activation. I propose a revised model for RasGRPl translocation and activation: plasma membrane localization in response to BCR ligation is provided by the KWEN loop and LZ . Interaction between DAG and the Cl domain enhances KWEN - mediated binding to the plasma membrane, overriding the suppressive effect of the repressor region and enabling DAG-dependent activation of RasGRPl.
Additional file 2 of Associations of loneliness and social isolation with cardiovascular and metabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Creators: name: Winterton, Adriano
name: Rødevand, Linn
name: Westlye, Lars T.
name: Steen, Nils Eiel
name: Andreassen, Ole A.
name: Quintana, Daniel S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2:. Complete search strategy.
Additional file 1 of The combined effect of socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome on depression: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
Creators: name: B. Kim
name: Park, E. Y.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:Table S1. Odds ratio (95% CI) and interactive effects of metabolic syndrome and SES (primarily education level and household income) on depression.