cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interpretable Deep Learning Models for Wearable Data in Sleep and Stress Analysis: Bridging the Gap between Predictive Accuracy and Explainability in Personalized Health Monitoring
Creators: name: Barati, Ronak
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Deep Learning
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Explainable AI
subject: Sleep
subject: Stress
subject: Computer Science
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: This study integrates wearable technology, machine learning, and personal health to analyze human sleep patterns and stress levels. It aims to understand the impact of daily activities and physiological metrics on individual well-being, utilizing a broad data set from various individuals. The research compiles three interrelated studies, offering a detailed view of personalized health monitoring and its potential for future applications. The first study utilizes LSTM networks, as well as RNN, complemented by Explainable AI, particularly LIME. This approach provides a deep dive into the rich, extensive data gathered from smartwatches, revealing how our daily routines—our steps, heart rates, stress, and physical activities—influence the sleep duration of our different levels of sleep Through this in-depth analysis, not only are we able to uncover the subtle but significant ways in which our lives influence our sleep, but the data allows us to develop tailored health interventions specific to everyone. The second study makes use of data from wearable devices to classify sleep levels using seven machine-learning models. Throughout this journey, stress plays a pivotal role in affecting sleep quality. The comparison of models with and without stress data suggests a compelling case for holistic health monitoring. An important finding of models that incorporate stress data is that psychological factors play a significant role in understanding and improving sleep health. The implications of this insight have a significant supporting on the development of wearable technologies and health monitoring systems, advancing our understanding of sleep disorders and treating them. In our final study, smartwatch data from first responders and their families were analyzed over three years using machine learning classifiers like SVM, Logistic Regression, KNN, Decision Trees, Random Forests, Naive Bayes, and XGBoost. The comparison between datasets with and without sleep data showed that sleep inclusion significantly boosts stress prediction accuracy to 98%, underlining the relationship between sleep and stress. This research offers vital stress management insights, especially for first responders.
The Future of Local News in New York City
Creators: name: Ford, Sam
name: Ali, Christopher
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Journalism
Online journalism
Local mass media
Press

description: US-based reporting jobs are increasingly concentrated within a small number of major metropolitan areas, driven by digital journalism outlets, according to research over the past few years from media analysts like Joshua Benton at Harvard’s Nieman Lab and Jack Shafer and Tucker Doherty of Politico. As for cities where journalism jobs still flourish, New York City is atop that list. According to a 2015 analysis by Jim Tankersley in The Washington Post, the number of reporting jobs in New York basically held steady in the years between 2004 and 2014, while the number of reporting jobs outside that city, Los Angeles, and Washington, D.C., dropped by 25 percent in the same time period. However, the proliferation of new, often unstable digital journalism hiring booms in the largest city in the US has masked just how dire the situation is for local reporting. Paul Moses illustrated this aptly in a 2017 piece for The Daily Beast, based on research for the CUNY Graduate School of Journalism’s Urban Reporting Program, highlighting a lack of any dedicated reporter covering Queens County courts (which would be the nation’s fourth largest city if it stood on its own). He wrote, “The problem for local news coverage is the simple fact that a story aimed at a national audience is likelier to generate heavy web traffic than a local one. Original local news reporting is threatened not only by layoffs but by the transfer of jobs to writing on whatever is of interest to a national web audience.” This common concern for the troubling state of local news in New York City led the Tow Center for Digital Journalism at Columbia University, the New York City Mayor’s Office of Media and Entertainment, and WNYC to convene an off-the-record roundtable discussion focused on The Future of Local News on February 9, 2018, at the Columbia University School of Journalism. The goal of the discussion was to bring together a select group of journalists, publishers, academics, funders, public-sector representatives, and other experts to discuss how to reverse the crisis in poorly resourced New York local media and work toward innovative solutions to ensure a sustainable future for local news. The half-day roundtable took place in the morning and comprised a closed discussion built around three major questions: 1) What is the state of local journalism in New York City at the beginning of 2018? 2) What trends and emerging business models in local news across the US and internationally might we be able to learn from? 3)Where do we go from here? What are possible futures for local media in New York?
Measuring apparent oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA by HIV antiretroviral therapy
Creators: name: Sohi, Gurmeet Kaur
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Background/objectives: HIV antiretroviral therapy, specifically nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) have been associated with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) alterations, possibly through mtDNA oxidative damage leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, which is associated with degenerative diseases and aging. A published assay exploits that oxidative damage can slow down/inhibit DNA polymerase progression, such that the PCR amplification of damaged mtDNA template yields less product compared to undamaged mtDNA. I sought to optimize this assay using in-house tools and to quantify apparent mtDNA oxidative damage in cultured cells exposed to NRTIs. Methods: Three DNA quantification methods were compared: PicoGreen fluorescence quantification, UV spectrophotometry, and qPCR mtDNA copy number. Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) followed by recovery time to allow mtDNA repair. To determine whether NRTI exposure induces mtDNA damage, human coronary artery endothelial cells (hCAE) cells and human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT29) cells that had been exposed to various NRTIs were subjected to the assay. To assess the assay’s future applicability to clinical samples, human skeletal muscle DNA samples were also assayed. Results: Quantification of long PCR mtDNA product by UV (CV=6.5%) and qPCR (CV=7.0%) showed lowest variability while PicoGreen quantification was noticeably higher (CV=21%). DNA from H₂O₂-exposed cells showed decreased amplification of long PCR product that increased with repair time. MtDNA depletion occurred in both cultures treated with stavudine. While there was no apparent mtDNA oxidative damage in HT29 cells with any NRTI, both tenofovir and stavudine yielded increased mtDNA oxidative damage in hCAE cells. A wide degree of apparent mtDNA oxidative damage was observed in clinical samples. Conclusions: The preferred method for DNA quantification is qPCR mtDNA copy number. The observed mtDNA depletion indicated that NRTIs were active in both cell lines. The primary hCAE cells incurred greater mtDNA oxidative damage than cancer-derived HT29 cells. Cancer cells may have enhanced anti-oxidant mechanisms, suggesting that primary cells may be better model for studying mtDNA damage. The broad range of mtDNA damage detected in clinical samples bodes well for the assay’s use with diverse samples.
Additional file 1 of The usefulness of 3D printed heart models for medical student education in congenital heart disease
Creators: name: Karsenty, Clement
name: Guitarte, Aitor
name: Dulac, Yves
name: Briot, Jerome
name: Hascoet, Sebastien
name: Vincent, Remi
name: Delepaul, Benoit
name: Vignaud, Paul
name: Djeddai, Camelia
name: Hadeed, Khaled
name: Acar, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: S1. 3D-PDF of tetralogy of Fallot: feel free to crop and navigate into the model.
Supplementary Material from Modelling individual aesthetic judgements over time
Creators: name: Brielmann, Aenne A.
name: Berentelg, Max
name: Dayan, Peter
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: Listening to music, watching a sunset—many sensory experiences are valuable to us, to a degree that differs significantly between individuals, and within an individual over time. We have theorized (Brielmann & Dayan 2022 Psychol. Rev. 129, 1319–1337. (doi:10.1037/rev0000337)) that these idiosyncratic values derive from the task of using experiences to tune the sensory-cognitive system to current and likely future input. We tested the theory using participants’ (N = 59n = 55r = 0.65r = 0.01This article is part of the theme issue ‘Art and affect in the predictive mind ’.
A diversity of progenitors and histories for isolated spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Martig, Marie
name: Bournaud, Frederic
name: Croton, Darren J.
name: Dekel, Avishai
name: Teyssier, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a suite of 33 cosmological simulations of the evolution of Milky Way-mass galaxies in low-density environments. Our sample spans a broad range of Hubble types at z=0, from nearly bulgeless disks to bulge-dominated galaxies. Despite the fact that a large fraction of the bulge is typically in place by z=1, we find no significant correlation between the morphology at z=1 and at z=0. The z=1 progenitors of disk galaxies span a range of morphologies, including smooth disks, unstable disks, interacting galaxies and bulge-dominated systems. By z=0.5, spiral arms and bars are largely in place and the progenitor morphology is correlated with the final morphology. We next focus on late-type galaxies with a bulge-to-total ratio B/T<0.3 at z=0. These show a correlation between B/T at z=0 and the mass ratio of the largest merger at z<2, as well as with the gas accretion rate at z>1. We find that the galaxies with the lowest B/T tend to have a quiet baryon input history, with no major mergers at z<2, and with a low and constant gas accretion rate that keeps a stable angular-momentum direction. More violent merger or gas accretion histories lead to galaxies with more prominent bulges. Most disk galaxies have a bulge Sersic index n<2. The galaxies with the highest bulge Sersic index tend to have histories of intense gas accretion and disk instability rather than active mergers.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 29 pages, 32 figures
Factors influencing public support for managing the mountain pine beetle epidemic
Creators: name: Berheide, Daniel W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The mountain pine beetle (MPB) epidemic is the largest recorded outbreak in British Columbia’s history currently covering almost 10 percent of British Columbia’s 9.2 million hectares of forest. The problems it poses are not merely ecological but also social and economic. An evaluation of the public’s perceptions of mountain pine beetle management alternatives provides decision-makers with information needed to reduce conflicts, identify communication priorities, and make balanced decisions concerning the use and recovery of affected areas. A survey was administered to 312 respondents, half in Prince George, a more forest-dependent community, and half in Kelowna, a less forest-dependent one. While this research found considerable public support for increased harvesting, it did not vary by location even though the residents of Prince George, the more forest-dependent community, were more concerned about the economic impact of the MPB than the residents of Kelowna. Concern for the economic impact of the MPB was not associated with support for harvesting. In contrast, the residents of Prince George reported greater knowledge, which was associated with support for harvesting. Finally, holding an ecological modernization viewpoint was not associated with location but it was associated with support for harvesting. Although respondents in the two study areas were concerned with the economic impact of the mountain pine beetle, the driver for supporting increased harvesting appeared to be a belief that human intervention can solve environmental problems. This research demonstrates the value of an examination of the social determinants of public support for strategies for managing natural disturbances in the policy making process.
Reconciling order and function in porous coordination materials
Creators: name: Padeanu, Daniel Andrei
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Metal-organic frameworks
subject: Werner Clathrates
subject: Chemistry--Inorganic

description: This thesis contrasts two very different ideas concerning porous coordination materials, contrasting the importance of a known structure with useful properties, with a focus on the application towards carbon dioxide capture. In short, a series of highly crystalline, porous materials with poor stability are synthesized in chapter 3, while chapters 5, 6, and 7 revolve around porous materials with promising stability and function, but without ordered structures. The first part of the work is reminiscent of the early ideas in the synthesis of microporous materials, wherein a highly ordered material is synthesized, and the advent of porosity is the most important factor, regardless of the function of the materials. Six mixed-anion copper tetrapyridine based Werner clathrates were synthesized, wherein changing the size and shape of the anions could be used to modify the size of the porous channel. The pore space within these compounds is retained solely through weak intermolecular forces, leading to low stability. Despite this, using a combination of chloride and boron tetrafluoride gives a permanently porous material, a demonstration of the fine tuning of the Van der Waals forces required to keep such a fragile material from collapsing. This material boasts the highest ambient carbon dioxide gas adsorption of all Werner clathrates, but its instability makes it wholly unsuitable to any carbon capture process. The second part of the thesis highlights a series of porous, but amorphous metal β-diketonate materials. In a deviation from the norm in the field, these materials are not crystalline in the slightest. Despite this contrasting with the founding concept of reticular chemistry, where porous coordination materials are carefully designed, the metal β-diketonate materials have high CO2 capacity with exceptional stability to acidic and alkaline conditions and under heating. The selectivity of CO2 over nitrogen, the enthalpy of adsorption, and the applicability of these materials to temperature and vacuum swing adsorption systems are analyzed, showing promising properties for post-combustion carbon dioxide capture.
Public Record Under Threat: News and the Archive in the Age of Digital Distribution
Creators: name: Hill, Nate
name: Ringel, Sharon
name: Woodall, Angela Mary
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Journalism
Online journalism
Journalism--Technological innovations
Digital preservation

description: The evolution of the internet has created a vast storehouse of information, both current and historical, and all at the fingertips of the general public as well as journalists. But as we find ourselves apparently saturated by information and overwhelmed by its sources, we face a potential crisis of preservation as we seek—and often fail—to archive all manner of digital content. News organizations have been slow to recognize and respond to the preservation challenges presented by digital technology. As a result, newsroom discussions about preservation and archiving are few and far between. However, professionals such as librarians, archivists and technologists outside of news industry are having these conversations, about retaining both conventional news content and online news, as well as about the problems inherent in trying to preserve the multitude of digital and data projects. This shift from paper (or film) to digital record prompted the title of the conference that is the focus of this report: “Public Record Under Threat: News and the Archive in the Age of Digital Distribution.” The conference, the fourth and last in this phase of the Tow Center for Digital Journalism’s Platforms & Publishers series, arose from a recognition of the problems this shift has created in the archive.. While archivists and librarians generally agree that preservation of news content is an acute concern that must be addressed quickly, platforms and publishers often express doubt about whether they have anything to contribute to the discussion. Getting this crowd together in the same room—archivists, journalists and technologists—is a first step toward defining the problem, and subsequently mapping out solutions.
Serum uric acid and risk of prehypertension: a dose–response meta-analysis of 17 observational studies of approximately 79 thousand participants
Creators: name: Liu, Leilei
name: Zhang, Xiao
name: Li, Quanman
name: Qie, Ranran
name: Han, Minghui
name: Zhan, Shaohui
name: Zhang, Juntao
name: Zhang, Linyuan
name: Zhang, Cailiang
name: Hong, Feng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Studies examining the association between levels of serum uric acid (SUA) and risk of prehypertension still remained controversial conclusions. Also, a quantitative assessment of the dose–response association between them has not been reported. We aimed to quantitatively evaluate risk of prehypertension with levels of SUA based on observational study. We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases up to December 3, 2019 for relevant studies. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random-effects models. The possible linear or non-linear SUA–prehypertension association was modelled by restricted cubic splines. We included 17 articles (17 studies) with a total of 79,358 participants and 34,591 cases of prehypertension. Compared with lowest levels of SUA, risk of prehypertension increased 46% (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.28–1.66) for highest levels of SUA. For per 1 mg/dL increment in levels of SUA, risk of prehypertension increased by 12% (RR 1.12, 95% CI 1.08–1.17). Also, we found evidence of a linear SUA–prehypertension association (Pnon-linearity=.368). Elevated levels of SUA may be associated with increased risk of prehypertension. Present findings provide the evidence that lowering levels of SUA should be suggested in order to reduce the risk of prehypertension. More longitudinal and intervention studies are needed to clarify the optimal protective levels and whether reducing levels of SUA could prevent or control prehypertension and the progression of prehypertension to hypertension.
Two gaps with one energy scale in cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Feng, Shiping
name: Zhao, Huaisong
name: Huang, Zheyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between the superconducting gap and normal-state pseudogap in cuprate superconductors is studied based on the kinetic energy driven superconducting mechanism. It is shown that the interaction between charge carriers and spins directly from the kinetic energy by exchanging spin excitations in the higher power of the doping concentration induces the normal-state pseudogap state in the particle-hole channel and superconducting state in the particle-particle channel, therefore there is a coexistence of the superconducting gap and normal-state pseudogap in the whole superconducting dome. This normal-state pseudogap is closely related to the quasiparticle coherent weight, and is a necessary ingredient for superconductivity in cuprate superconductors. In particular, both the normal-state pseudogap and superconducting gap are dominated by one energy scale, and they are the result of the strong electron correlation.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, added discussions and references, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
A Unified Framework Linking Quantum Uncertainty, Topology, and Divine Order
Creators: name: Allou, Essam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Pure Time Theory
PTT
Quantum Wavefront Dynamics
Heisenberg Uncertainty
Temporal Field
T_relax
Quantum Coherence
Topological Vortices
β constant
δ exponent
Quantum Gravity
Unification
Emergent Geometry
SPARC Rotation Curves,
Planck Density
Nonlocality
André Michaud
Adam Alzerkany

description: This work presents a formal synthesis between the Pure Time Theory (PTT), Michaud’s correction of quantum energy, and Alzerkany’s Quantum Wavefront Dynamics (QWD).

We demonstrate that key quantum coherence laws emerge naturally from geometric gradients of a fundamental scalar field T_relax. The β constant, often empirically tuned, is shown to possess a theoretical origin — both topological and density-dependent — validating the universal structure of quantum decoherence. We conclude that uncertainty is not a fundamental principle but a geometric artifact arising from incomplete access to the temporal field’s full configuration.
Coherent Forward Scattering Peak Induced by Anderson Localization
Creators: name: Karpiuk, T.
name: Cherroret, N.
name: Lee, K. L.
name: Grémaud, B.
name: Müller, C. A.
name: Miniatura, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations show that, at the onset of Anderson localization, the momentum distribution of a coherent wave packet launched inside a random potential exhibits, in the forward direction, a novel interference peak that complements the coherent backscattering peak. An explanation of this phenomenon in terms of maximally crossed diagrams predicts that the signal emerges around the localization time and grows on the scale of the Heisenberg time associated with the localization volume. Together, coherent back and forward scattering provide evidence for the occurrence of Anderson localization.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Reliability Architecture and Aging: Degeneration and Robustness in a Low Redundancy Neuronal Control System, VD1 and RPD2 Body Water Homeostasis in Lymnaea stagnalis
Creators: name: McFadden, Eamon Sean Patrick
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Lymnaea stagnalis
subject: gastropod
subject: VD2 and RPD2
subject: aging
subject: reliability theory
subject: body water
subject: homeostasis
subject: osmoregulation
subject: osmotic stimuli
subject: electrophysiology
subject: electrical synapse
subject: gap junction
subject: Animal Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Zoology

description: VD1 and RPD2 are two electrotonically coupled, peptidergic neurons that form an essential low redundancy neural control system in the central nervous system of the Great Pond Snail Lymnaea stagnalis. VD1 and RPD2 have been shown to exert a cardioregulatory role fundamental to proper osmoregulatory function. The performance of the electrical synapse between the two neurons has been shown to change dramatically with age. This change in performance between the neurons occurs concurrently with an increase in the mortality rate of the population. Additionally, ablation of one of the neurons exerting control over these functions has extreme consequences to the organism’s survival. This includes other measures of body water homeostasis thus demonstrating how dramatic the consequences of a lack of system redundancy can be. This thesis explores the intersection of reliability architecture and aging in a low redundancy neural control system. I will provide evidence for the following ideas: 1) The VD1/RPD2 system experiences age-associated declines in performance however, this decline is not uniform throughout the population. 2) Aging in VD1 and RPD2 result in a reduced capacity for acute adaptation to osmotic changes in the external environment. 3) Despite its low redundancy and the accumulation of age-related damage, VD1 and RPD2 prove robust over the lifespan and home-osmotic range of L. stagnalis.
Managing a 21st-Century Newsroom Workforce: A Case Study of NYC News Media
Creators: name: Weber, Matthew S.
name: Kosterich, Allie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Journalism
Online journalism
Journalism--Technological innovations
Reporters and reporting

description: In recent years, much has been made of the introduction of new skills into the modern newsroom. The modern business environment, including ongoing technological change, globalization, and the fluid movement of professional workers, has set the stage for significant change in industry practices. Today’s professional newsroom worker is the latest iteration in the emergence of new skills that embody the ongoing reframing of the nature of the industry as a whole. Thus, this research report examines the changing nature of the twenty-first-century newsroom workforce, focusing on the skills and job roles that exist in newsrooms today. In order to address the evolving skills and job roles, the researchers used a case study approach and examined thousands of job listings, employment postings, and company profiles for news media companies in the New York City metropolitan area. The analysis of the data utilizes social network analysis to assess the development of new genres of newsworkers, specifically job roles that represent the intersection of traditional newsroom positions with data, analytics, and platform-oriented (herein referred to as DAP) job roles. As the nature of newsrooms continues to evolve, the current definition of newswork and newsworker requires new thinking.i Specifically, the focus of this research is on understanding the employment trajectories of newsworkers such as programmers, coders, data specialists, and those dedicated solely to producing content for social and mobile platforms, as opposed to traditional newsworkers.
Additional file 2 of The usefulness of 3D printed heart models for medical student education in congenital heart disease
Creators: name: Karsenty, Clement
name: Guitarte, Aitor
name: Dulac, Yves
name: Briot, Jerome
name: Hascoet, Sebastien
name: Vincent, Remi
name: Delepaul, Benoit
name: Vignaud, Paul
name: Djeddai, Camelia
name: Hadeed, Khaled
name: Acar, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: S2. 3D-PDF of neonatal aortic hypoplasia: feel free to crop and navigate into the model.
On a Differential Geometric Viewpoint of Jaynes' Maxent Method and its Quantum Extension
Creators: name: Ali, S. A.
name: Cafaro, Carlo
name: Giffin, Adom
name: Lupo, Cosmo
name: Mancini, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a differential geometric viewpoint of the quantum MaxEnt estimate of a density operator when only incomplete knowledge encoded in the expectation values of a set of quantum observables is available. Finally, the additional possibility of considering some prior bias towards a certain density operator (the prior) is taken into account and the unsolved issues with its quantum relative entropic inference criterion are pointed out.
description: 6 pages and 0 figures. Accepted contribution to MaxEnt 2011, the 31st International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering; 10-15 July, Waterloo (CANADA)
Predicting theta_13 and the Neutrino Mass Scale from Quark Lepton Mass Hierarchies
Creators: name: Buchmüller, Wilfried
name: Domcke, Valerie
name: Schmitz, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flavour symmetries of Froggatt-Nielsen type can naturally reconcile the large quark and charged lepton mass hierarchies and the small quark mixing angles with the observed small neutrino mass hierarchies and their large mixing angles. We point out that such a flavour structure, together with the measured neutrino mass squared differences and mixing angles, strongly constrains yet undetermined parameters of the neutrino sector. Treating unknown O(1) parameters as random variables, we obtain surprisingly accurate predictions for the smallest mixing angle, sin^2(2 theta_13) = 0.07 (+0.11)(-0.05), the smallest neutrino mass, m_1 = 2.2 (+1.7)(-1.4) x 10^-3 eV, and one Majorana phase, alpha_21 / pi = 1.0 (+0.2)(-0.2).
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 1 table; v3: minor changes, version to appear in JHEP
Bone and 3D Joint Space Width Analysis in Knee Osteoarthritis using Weight Bearing CT
Creators: name: Waungana, Tadiwa Hanson
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: weight bearing computed tomography
subject: osteoarthritis
subject: bone
subject: joint space width
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of joint disorder in the world and a major cause of disability in the adult population. Globally, it is one of the fastest-growing health conditions and OA prevalence is expected to continue rising due to an aging global population. The knee is the most affected joint in OA, accounting for approximately 80% of the global OA burden, making it an important joint to consider in the context of OA. Knee OA is characterized by bone and joint structural changes, such as changes in the apparent bone mineral density, thickening of the subchondral bone plate and joint space narrowing. Detection of these changes has traditionally been considered the reserve of X-ray radiography, which is challenged by inherent anatomical overlap of a 2D imaging modality. Weight bearing computed tomography (WBCT) has recently been utilized to image and investigate OA-related structural changes in the knee, as it provides a 3D visualization of the joint whilst in a functionally relevant loaded stance. In this thesis, the utility of WBCT in measuring bone mineral density (BMD) was investigated. Next, methods to measure joint space width (JSW) subchondral bone plate thickness (SBP.Th) were implemented and tested on end-stage knee OA cohort with age- and sex- matched healthy controls. The first study showed that BMD measurement accuracy is influenced by the apparent BMD at the measurement site, with greater accuracy in trabecular bone regions. The second study demonstrated that the JSW and SBP.Th measurement methods implemented in this thesis were comparable to existing methods and able to distinguish between healthy and OA knees. A narrower JSW and thicker lateral SBP.Th in the load-bearing region of the femur was found in OA knees compared to control knees. These results show that WBCT and the implemented analysis methods may be used to measure OA-related bone and joint changes in vivo at the knee.
Chirally motivated $\bar{K}N$ amplitudes for in-medium applications
Creators: name: Cieply, A.
name: Smejkal, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new fit of a chirally motivated coupled-channels model for meson-baryon interactions is presented including the recent SIDDHARTA data on the 1s level characteristics of kaonic hydrogen. The kaon-nucleon amplitudes generated by the model are fully consistent with our earlier studies. We argue that a sharp increase of the real part of the in-medium $K^{-}p$ amplitude at subthreshold energies provides a link between the shallow $\bar{K}$-nuclear optical potentials obtained microscopically from threshold $\bar{K}N$ interactions and the phenomenological deep ones deduced from kaonic atoms data. The impact on the $A$-dependence of the $Λ$-hypernuclear formation rates measured in reactions with stopped kaons is discussed too.
description: 18 pages, updated to match the version accepted for publication in a special issue of Nuclear Physics A on Strangeness Nuclear Physics
La Prensa de las Plataformas: Cómo Silicon Valley Reestructuró El Periodismo
Creators: name: Bell, Emily J.
name: Owen, Taylor
name: Brown, Peter D.
name: Hauka, Codi
name: Rashidian, Nushin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Journalism
Journalism--Technological innovations
Online journalism
Press
Social media

description: La influencia que las plataformas de medios sociales y las empresas de tecnología está ejerciendo sobre el periodismo estadounidense es muy superior al que supuso la transición del papel impreso al soporte digital. Empresas como Facebook, Snapchat, Google y Twitter están sustituyendo rápidamente el rol ejercido tradicionalmente por los editores tradicionales, en un proceso que no muestra signos de desaceleración y que plantea serias dudas sobre cómo se costeará el periodismo del futuro. Estas empresas han evolucionado más allá de su papel como canales de distribución y ahora controlan los contenidos que el público ve, quién cobra por su atención e incluso qué formato y tipo de periodismo triunfa. Los editores vierten su periodismo en plataformas propiedad de terceros, sin tener verdaderas garantías de un retorno de su inversión. La publicación ya no es la actividad principal de ciertas organizaciones periodísticas y esta tendencia continuará en la medida que las agencias y organizaciones de noticias renuncien a las funciones tradicionales de los editores. Este informe es parte de un estudio del Tow Center for Digital Journalism en curso en la Columbia Journalism School y explora el proceso de convergencia entre el negocio del periodismo y el negocio de las plataformas de redes sociales. En el lapso de 20 años, el periodismo ha experimentado tres cambios significativos en los modelos de negocio y distribución: el cambio de lo analógico a lo digital, el surgimiento de la red social y ahora el dominio de los móviles. Esta última fase ha contemplado como las grandes empresas tecnológicas dominan la atención pública y los mercados de publicidad, y ha forzado a las agencias de noticias a repensar sus procesos y estructuras.
Longitudinal static optical properties of hydrogen chains: finite field extrapolations of matrix product state calculations
Creators: name: Wouters, Sebastian
name: Limacher, Peter A.
name: Van Neck, Dimitri
name: Ayers, Paul W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have implemented the sweep algorithm for the variational optimization of SU(2) x U(1) (spin and particle number) invariant matrix product states (MPS) for general spin and particle number invariant fermionic Hamiltonians. This class includes non-relativistic quantum chemical systems within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. High-accuracy ab-initio finite field results of the longitudinal static polarizabilities and second hyperpolarizabilities of one-dimensional hydrogen chains are presented. This allows to assess the performance of other quantum chemical methods. For small basis sets, MPS calculations in the saturation regime of the optical response properties can be performed. These results are extrapolated to the thermodynamic limit.
description: Submitted to J. Chem. Phys
Phacophallus japonicus
Creators: name: Bordoni, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Phacophallus
Phacophallus japonicus

description: Phacophallus japonicus (CAMERON 1933)
M a t e r i a l s t u d i e d: Jiangsu, Dongshanzhen, Suzou, Li-Zhen Li 26.VI.1997, 1 (SNUC).
G e o g r a p h i c a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: The species is known from Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, China: Yunnan, Guanxi, Zhejiang, Hong Kong, Fujian (BORDONI 2002). Recently it was cited also from Bejing, Henan, Sichuan (BORDONI 2003). The species is a new record for Jiangsu.
 N o t e: In China the genus Phacophallus COIFFAIT 1956 was known until now for two specimens of P. pallidipennis (MOTSCHULSKY 1858) (known from India to Philippines) collected (introduced by human activities?) in Hong Kong (BORDONI 2002) and P. japonicus. The genus is very widespread in the world.
description: Published as part of Bordoni, A., 2013, New data on the Xantholinini from China. 24. New genus, new species and new records of the Shanghai Normal University collection (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) 244 ° contribution to the knowledge of the Staphylinidae, pp. 1745-1797 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 45 (2) on page 1757, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10273196
Iterative algorithms for total variation-like reconstructions in seismic tomography
Creators: name: Loris, Ignace
name: Verhoeven, Caroline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A qualitative comparison of total variation like penalties (total variation, Huber variant of total variation, total generalized variation, ...) is made in the context of global seismic tomography. Both penalized and constrained formulations of seismic recovery problems are treated. A number of simple iterative recovery algorithms applicable to these problems are described. The convergence speed of these algorithms is compared numerically in this setting. For the constrained formulation a new algorithm is proposed and its convergence is proven.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures. Corrected sign errors in formula (25)
Guide to Audience Revenue and Engagement
Creators: name: Hansen, Elizabeth
name: Goligoski, Emily
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Journalism
Online journalism
Journalism--Social aspects
News audiences

description: This report is intended to aid staff from news organizations and media entrepreneurs who wish to grow their revenue by deepening interactions with their audiences. It’s based on hundreds of conversations and interviews with journalists, managers, and members themselves, including newsroom fieldwork and observation, as well as focus groups with supporters of news sites. We use these findings to share strategic and tactical considerations for building audience revenue programs. We also share detailed examples of ways that news organizations around the world are experimenting with new approaches to raising funds and supporting myriad forms of audience participation.
Critical Pedagogical Interventions in Engineering: Deconstructing Hierarchical Dualisms to Expand the Narratives of Engineering Education
Creators: name: Paul, Robyn Mae
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: mental wellness
subject: critical consciousness
subject: storytelling
subject: ecofeminism
subject: hierarchical dualisms
subject: anti-colonialism
subject: dominant narratives
subject: normative narratives
subject: engineering justice
subject: feminism
subject: hidden curriculum
subject: relationality
subject: radical futures
subject: Engineering
subject: Education

description: Engineering in the western world is often framed as neutral or apolitical, meaning engineering education trains engineers to take little responsibility for perpetuating society’s biases through our technologies (such as racism, colonialism, and environmental degradation). In this thesis, I argue that as problem solvers and critical thinkers involved in the world’s biggest challenges, it is our ethical responsibility to unmask the hidden belief systems and dominant narratives that currently drive the engineering sector. Within our society, dualisms are embedded across our value systems, such as the dualisms of woman-man, emotion-reason, nature-culture, and social-technical. These dualisms exist as opposites, exclusive, and in a value-hierarchy (i.e. man-reason-culture-technical are typically viewed in exclusive opposition and valued higher than woman-emotion-nature-social). This thesis uses the hierarchical dualisms pedagogical framework to bring light to the normative cultures of engineering education and aims to support engineering education communities in increasing their critical consciousness and becoming aware of dominant value systems. Thus, my primary research question is: How do we design practices that unmask the hierarchical dualisms to build expanded narratives of engineering and engineering education? I answer this question by (1) outlining a framework of hierarchical dualisms and dominant narratives including illustrative case studies; (2) summarizing two pedagogical innovations I designed and implemented to unmask different hierarchical dualisms; and (3) analyzing my own writing for dominant narratives through a discourse analysis. Throughout, this thesis takes a non-traditional research approach to align my methodology with the epistemological assumptions of the research paradigm. I leverage dialogicity, relationality, and storytelling methodologies to describe my journey of doing paradigm shifting work in the field of engineering education. Overall, this thesis found that through increasing critical consciousness, broadening our systems thinking, engaging in interdisciplinary dialogue, being willing to transcend engineering boundaries, and imagining radical futures we can create momentum for emergent change that will foster liberatory education. As educators, students’ four years of undergraduate engineering in academia are our great opportunity to radically transform engineering students’ way of thinking about technology and design, and give them the skills and tools to radically transform the purpose of engineering.
Additional file 2 of Exploring sensory phenotypes in autism spectrum disorder
Creators: name: Scheerer, Nichole E.
name: Curcin, Kristina
name: Stojanoski, Bobby
name: Anagnostou, Evdokia
name: Nicolson, Rob
name: Kelley, Elizabeth
name: Georgiades, Stelios
name: Liu, Xudong
name: Stevenson, Ryan A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2. Full statistics on the one-way ANOVAs conducted to determine whether SSP subscale scores differed across the 5 sensory phenotypes are presented. Further, Cronbach's Alpha values for each subscale, as well as the total SSP score are presented.
Supreme Courts, Photocopiers, and Copyright
Creators: name: Tiessen, Robert
Publisher: name: Libraries & Cultural Resources
Year: 2024
Subjects: fair dealing
copyright
CCH
Moorhouse
William & Wilkins

description: On the 20th anniversary of CCH, compared the CCH Supreme Court Judgment to its two main international comparitors: Moorhouse (Australia); and William & Wilkins (United States). Compared what happened in the past and what might happen next.
Identity and Communication: Maintenance of Hebrew, Decline of Yiddish
Creators: name: Klarberg, Manfred (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Pacific Linguistics
Year: 1976

description: IDENTITY AND COMMUNICATION: MAINTENANCE OF HEBREW, DECLINE OF YIDDISH. 89 1. Establishment of the Community 89 2. Linguistic Heritage 89 3. Hebrew and Yiddish in Melbourne 90 4. Identity without Communication 94 5. Language of Rites of Passage 94 6. Birth 95 7. Puberty 95 8. Invitations 95 9. Language Loyalty at Death 96 10. The Decline of Yiddish 97 11. Conclusions 98Bibliography 100
Digital Adaptation in Local News
Creators: name: Holcomb, Jesse
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Journalism
Journalism--Technological innovations
Online journalism
Local mass media

description: More than a quarter century after the creation of the World Wide Web, nine in ten Americans get at least some news online. But in many ways, local news publishing is still adapting to the internet as a news medium. For many publishers, the internet is like an ill-fitting suit: functional, but not made for them. These are some findings from a study of the digital footprint of more than 2,000 U.S. local news outlets. While many studies have explored digital transformation of newsrooms through direct interviews, case studies and ethnography, this report attempts to tell the story of that transformation by the numbers.1 The study also offers comparative perspective between various sectors of local media—including radio and television broadcast, daily and weekly print, digital-native publishers and collegiate press.
Intrinsic anomalous scaling in a ferromagnetic thin film model
Creators: name: Torres, M. F.
name: Buceta, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the interest on theoretical and experimental studies of dynamic properties of the magnetic domain wall (MDW) of ferromagnetic thin films with disorder placed in an external magnetic field has increased. In order to study global and local measurable observables, we consider the $(1+1)$-dimensional model introduced by Buceta and Muraca [Physica A 390 (2011) 4192], based on rules of evolution that describe the MDW avalanches. From the values of the roughness exponents, global $ζ$, local $ζ_\text{loc}$, and spectral $ζ_s$, obtained from the global interface width, hight-difference correlation function and structure function, respectively, recent works have concluded that the universality classes should be analyzed in the context of the anomalous scaling theory. We show that the model is included in the group of systems with intrinsic anomalous scaling ($ζ\simeq 1.5 $, $ζ_\text{loc}=ζ_s\simeq 0.5 $), and that the surface of the MDW is multi-affine. With these results, we hope to establish in short term the scaling relations that verify the critical exponents of the model, including the dynamic exponent $z$, the exponents of the distributions of avalanche-size $τ$ and -duration $α$, among others.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, Accepted by EPJ B