cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Proof of Fixed-Point Convergence for Plug-and-Play ADMM
Creators: name: Gavaskar, Ruturaj G.
name: Chaudhury, Kunal N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In most state-of-the-art image restoration methods, the sum of a data-fidelity and a regularization term is optimized using an iterative algorithm such as ADMM (alternating direction method of multipliers). In recent years, the possibility of using denoisers for regularization has been explored in several works. A popular approach is to formally replace the proximal operator within the ADMM framework with some powerful denoiser. However, since most state-of-the-art denoisers cannot be posed as a proximal operator, one cannot guarantee the convergence of these so-called plug-and-play (PnP) algorithms. In fact, the theoretical convergence of PnP algorithms is an active research topic. In this letter, we consider the result of Chan et al. (IEEE TCI, 2017), where fixed-point convergence of an ADMM-based PnP algorithm was established for a class of denoisers. We argue that the original proof is incomplete, since convergence is not analyzed for one of the three possible cases outlined in the paper. Moreover, we explain why the argument for the other cases does not apply in this case. We give a different analysis to fill this gap, which firmly establishes the original convergence theorem.
description: Accepted in IEEE Signal Processing Letters
Magnetic point sources in three dimensional Brans-Dicke gravity theories
Creators: name: Dias, Oscar J. C.
name: Lemos, Jose' P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain geodesically complete spacetimes generated by static and rotating magnetic point sources in an Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton theory of the Brans-Dicke type in three dimensions (3D). The theory is specified by three fields, the dilaton, the graviton and the electromagnetic field, and two parameters, the cosmological constant and the Brans-Dicke parameter, w. When the Brans-Dicke parameter is infinity, our solution reduces to the magnetic counterpart of the BTZ solution, while the w=0 case is equivalent to 4D general relativity with one Killing vector. The source for the magnetic field can be interpreted as composed by a system of two symmetric and superposed electric charges. One of the electric charges is at rest and the other is spinning.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures (RevTeX4)
Additional file 12 of Influenza infection elicits an expansion of gut population of endogenous Bifidobacterium animalis which protects mice against infection
Creators: name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Hu, Jin
name: Feng, Jia-Wu
name: Hu, Xiao-Tong
name: Wang, Ting
name: Gong, Wen-Xiao
name: Huang, Kun
name: Guo, Yi-Xiong
name: Zou, Zhong
name: Lin, Xian
name: Zhou, Run
name: Yuan, Yu-Qi
name: Zhang, An-Ding
name: Wei, Hong
name: Cao, Gang
name: Liu, Chen
name: Chen, Ling-Ling
name: Jin, Mei-Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 12: Fig S10. Functional enrichment in the GX.SG group compared with the GX.DG or NC group. The functions enriched in the GX.SG group are displayed according to the infection time. The asterisks indicate significant functional enrichment in the GX.SG group compared with the GX.DG or NC group (*P<0.05 and **P<0.01). Blank represents no significant functional enrichment in the GX.SG group compared with the GX.DG or NC group.
Accelerating Polaritons with External Electric and Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Chervy, Thibault
name: Knüppel, Patrick
name: Abbaspour, Hadis
name: Lupatini, Mirko
name: Fält, Stefan
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Kroner, Martin
name: Imamoǧlu, Atac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is widely assumed that photons cannot be manipulated using electric or magnetic fields. Even though hybridization of photons with electronic polarization to form exciton-polaritons has paved the way to a number of ground-breaking experiments in semiconductor microcavities, the neutral bosonic nature of these quasiparticles has severely limited their response to external gauge fields. Here, we demonstrate polariton acceleration by external electric and magnetic fields in the presence of nonperturbative coupling between polaritons and itinerant electrons, leading to formation of new quasiparticles termed polaron-polaritons. We identify the generation of electron density gradients by the applied fields to be primarily responsible for inducing a gradient in polariton energy, which in turn leads to acceleration along a direction determined by the applied fields. Remarkably, we also observe that different polarization components of the polaritons can be accelerated in opposite directions when the electrons are in $ν= 1$ integer quantum Hall state.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Interlaboratory proficiency test in aerobiology using virtual slides – feasibility study
Creators: name: Smith, Matt
name: Šikoparija, Branko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study examines the use of Virtual Slide Images with the aim of assessing their efficacy and usability in comparison to traditional microscopy with glass slides for the Quality Control of aerobiological samples. Three glass microscopy slides containing samples of airborne pollen were digitised. Six counters from two laboratories examined the glass slides and their data were used to calculate assigned values and acceptable coefficients of variation (CV%) for seven pollen types. A total of 24 analysts from 12 countries examined the virtual slides using specialist OlyVIA software. Data from traditional glass and virtual slides were entered into tests for repeatability and intralaboratory reproducibility following the norm EN 16868:2019. Participants also completed a questionnaire reflecting on the efficacy and usability of Virtual Slide Images for interlaboratory Quality Control. Data from traditional glass and virtual slides were comparable but CV% were generally larger for virtual slides than glass slides. Participants who examined < 10% of the slide were more likely to produce results outside the limits of the study. The use of virtual slide technology is not for everyone and, in the current study, we found that opinion was polarised but it was interesting to note that there were no differences in response based on years of experience. There are advantages and disadvantages of the two methods, and we recommend virtual slides are used as an adjunct to glass slides for use in aerobiology Quality Control and other aspects of palynological training and assessment.
Osorius dentatus BERNHAUER
Creators: name: Irmler, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Osorius
Osorius dentatus

description: Osorius dentatus BERNHAUER,, 1908: 294 (Figs 11 a-d, 38 C)
 Type material examined:
 Bolivia: Mapiri (68.09 W, 15.15 S) 1 male without further data (holotype, FMNH).
 Diagnosis:
 Concerning size, O. dentatusdentatus is nearly as small as O. costaricensis, O. paganus and O. sublaevis, but microsculpture of pronotum is weaker and surface shinier in O. dentatus. Moreover, a micropunctation exists on the pronotum that is not found in the other species of similar size. A shiny pronotal surface is also found in O. wasmanni, but O. wasmanniwasmanni is much larger (9.5 mm) and with a distinct longitudinal depression in the midline of the pronotum.
 Description:
 Length: 7.2 mm. Colour: black; elytra slightly lighter; dark brown.
 Head:: 1.1 mm long, 1.3 mm wide; deeply and densely punctate; distance between punctures on average shorter than diameter of punctures; isodiametric microsculpture deep; surface slightly shiny; front angles of clypeus shortly prominent; at inner side diagonally retreated and with few short setae; labrum short, scarcely projecting clypeal emargination; eyes, as large as temples, semi-circularly projecting head; with several short supraocular and postocular striae and granular punctures; with two supraocular setae.
 AntennaeAntennae with 2 nd antennomere oval; 3 rd one conical and as long as 2 nd; antennomeres 4 and 5 slightly longer than wide; subsequent ones quadrate.
 Pronotum: 1.4 mm long, 1.6 mm wide; widest at tooth-like front angles; sides continuously narrowed to posterior angles; lateral margin narrow at front angles and only slightly wider at posterior angles; posterior angles more or less obtusely rounded; front and posterior edge margined; punctation deep and dense; distance between punctures on average as wide as or shorter than diameter of punctures; with large smooth midline; more or less isodiametric microsculpture weak; surface nearly polished.
 Elytra: 1.6 mm long, 1.5 mm wide; with coarse punctation; scarcely visible between deep coriaceous ground sculpture; an indistinct longitudinal depression behind shoulders on disc.
 AedeagusAedeagus nearly quadrate with long, curved apical part ending in acute apex.
description: Published as part of Irmler, Ulrich, 2010, The Neotropical species of the genus Osorius G - M, 1829 with remarks to the Neotropical Osoriid complex (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Osoriinae), pp. 363-426 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 60 (2) on pages 384-385, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.60.2.363-426, http://zenodo.org/record/5212736
Gravitating sphalerons and sphaleron black holes in asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: van der Bij, J. J.
name: Radu, Eugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical arguments are presented for the existence of spherically symmetric regular and black hole solutions of the EYMH equations with a negative cosmological constant. These solutions approach asymptotically the anti-de Sitter spacetime. The main properties of the solutions and the differences with respect to the asymptotically flat case are discussed. The instability of the gravitating sphaleron solutions is also proven.
description: 30 pages, LaTeX, 8 Encapsulated PostScript figures
Geometrical phases for the G(4,2) Grassmannian manifold
Creators: name: Karle, Regina
name: Pachos, Jiannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the usual abelian Berry phase generated for example in a system with two non-degenerate states to the case of a system with two doubly degenerate energy eigenspaces. The parametric manifold describing the space of states of the first case is formally given by the G(2,1) Grassmannian manifold, while for the generalized system it is given by the G(4,2) one. For the latter manifold which exhibits a much richer structure than its abelian counterpart we calculate the connection components, the field strength and the associated geometrical phases that evolve non-trivially both of the degenerate eigenspaces. A simple atomic model is proposed for their physical implementation.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, REVTEX, minor typos corrected, to appear in Jour. Math. Phys
Spectrum of the strange hidden charm molecular pentaquarks in chiral effective field theory
Creators: name: Wang, Bo
name: Meng, Lu
name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the effective potentials of the $Ξ_c\bar{D}^{(\ast)}$, $Ξ_c^\prime\bar{D}^{(\ast)}$ and $Ξ_c^\ast\bar{D}^{(\ast)}$ systems with the chiral effective field theory up to the next-to-leading order. We simultaneously consider the short-, intermediate- and long-range interactions. With the newly observed $P_c$ spectra as inputs, we construct the quark-level contact Lagrangians to relate the low energy constants to those of $Σ_c\bar{D}^{(\ast)}$ with the help of quark model. Our calculation indicates there are seven bound states in the $I=0$ strange hidden charm $[Ξ_c^\prime\bar{D}^{(\ast)}]_J~(J=\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2})$ and $[Ξ_c^\ast\bar{D}^{(\ast)}]_J~(J=\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2},\frac{5}{2})$ systems. Our analyses also disfavor the $Λ_c\bar{D}^{(\ast)}$ bound states. However, we obtain three new hadronic molecules in the isoscalar $[Ξ_c\bar{D}^{(\ast)}]_J~(J=\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2})$ systems. The masses of $[Ξ_c\bar{D}]_{1/2}$, $[Ξ_c\bar{D}^{\ast}]_{1/2}$ and $[Ξ_c\bar{D}^{\ast}]_{3/2}$ are predicted to be $4319.4^{+2.8}_{-3.0}$ MeV, $4456.9^{+3.2}_{-3.3}$ MeV and $4463.0^{+2.8}_{-3.0}$ MeV, respectively. We also notice the one-eta-exchange influence is rather feeble. Binding solutions in the $I=1$ channels are nonexistent. We hope the future analyses at LHCb can seek for these new $P_{cs}$s in the $JψΛ$ final states, especially near the thresholds of $Ξ_c\bar{D}^{(\ast)}$.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, and 4 tables
Photon orbits and phase transitions in Born-Infeld-dilaton black holes
Creators: name: Li, Haitang
name: Chen, Yong
name: Zhang, Shao-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relations between photon orbits and thermodynamical phase transitions are explored in Born-Infeld-dilaton-AdS black hole. The coupling between the electromagnetic field and the dialton field is chosen such that the full phase diagram contains zeroth-order and first-order phase transitions as well as RPT. We find that there exist non-monotonic beahviors of the photon orbit radius $r_{ps}$ and the minimum impact parameter $u_{ps}$ which signal the existence of the various phase transitions. In particular, the marginal value of pressure under which RPT occur can be read off from these behaviors. Along the co-existing lines, there are changes of both $r_{ps}$ and $u_{ps}$, whose dependence on the transition temperature show characteristic behaviors signalling the existence of RPT. Moreover, the critical exponents of $Δr_{ps}$ and $Δu_{ps}$ are found to take a universal value $\frac{1}{2}$. These results imply that $r_{ps}$ and $u_{ps}$ can be used as order parameters to describe BH phase transitions.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
On the meaning of the wave function of the Universe
Creators: name: Shestakova, T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The meaning of the wave function of the Universe was actively discussed in 1980s. In most works on quantum cosmology it is accepted that the wave function is a probability amplitude for the Universe to have some space geometry, or to be found in some point of the Wheeler superspace. It seems that the wave function gives maximally objective description compatible with quantum theory. However, the probability distribution does not depend on time and does not take into account the existing of our macroscopic evolving Universe. What we wish to know is how quantum processes in the Early Universe determined the state of the present Universe in which we are able to observe macroscopic consequences of these quantum processes. As an alternative to the Wheeler - DeWitt quantum geometrodynamics we consider the picture that can be obtained in the extended phase space approach to quantization of gravity. The wave function in this approach describes different states of the Universe which correspond to different stages of its evolution.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
Fitted front tracking methods for two-phase incompressible Navier--Stokes flow: Eulerian and ALE finite element discretizations
Creators: name: Agnese, Marco
name: Nürnberg, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate novel fitted finite element approximations for two-phase Navier--Stokes flow. In particular, we consider both Eulerian and Arbitrary Lagrangian--Eulerian (ALE) finite element formulations. The moving interface is approximated with the help of parametric piecewise linear finite element functions. The bulk mesh is fitted to the interface approximation, so that standard bulk finite element spaces can be used throughout. The meshes describing the discrete interface in general do not deteriorate in time, which means that in numerical simulations a smoothing or a remeshing of the interface mesh is not necessary. We present several numerical experiments, including convergence experiments and benchmark computations, for the introduced numerical methods, which demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the proposed algorithms. We also compare the accuracy and efficiency of the Eulerian and ALE formulations.
description: 36 pages, 14 figures
OPTIMIZATION OF TREATMENT OF PULPITIS OF PERMANENT TEETH IN ELDERLY AGES
Creators: name: Sadriev, Nizom
name: Ebodov, Islom
name: Ergashev, Doniyor
name: Yavunbayev, Kamron
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The main priority in the treatment of caries complications in permanent teeth with immature roots is to keep the pulp viable to complete apexogenesis . Treatment of pulpitis of a permanent tooth, the roots of which are at the stage of formation, presents objective difficulties for a dentist. The anatomical features of unformed roots, such as thin root walls, a bell in the apical part of the root, which passes into the growth zone, make endodontic manipulations technically difficult. Treatment of permanent teeth with a formed root in children also involves maintaining the vitality of the pulp for the longest possible time. This is achieved by using conservative methods for treating pulpitis. It has been proven that endodontically treated teeth have lower survival rates, in some cases they are latent, and under certain conditions, active foci of infection and intoxication. With the development of clinical dentistry, materials that help preserve the vitality of all or part of the pulp, and methods of their use in teeth with immature roots in children, are constantly being studied and improved.
MOESM1 of Elimination of hepatitis C virus in Germany: modelling the cost-effectiveness of HCV screening strategies
Creators: name: Krauth, Christian
name: Rossol, Siegbert
name: Ortsäter, Gustaf
name: Kautz, Achim
name: Krüger, Kathrin
name: Herder, Babette
name: Stahmeyer, Jona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Model inputs. Table S2. Parameters of the different screening strategies.
Nypa pollen diversity in middle Eocene mangroves at the edge of the southern Proto-North Sea (Helmstedt, northern Germany) – a statistical approach
Creators: name: Lenz, Olaf
name: Diekmeier, Sarah
name: Wilde, Volker
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: A variety of Spinizonocolpites pollen types which were commonly related to the mangrove palm Nypa has been recorded in marine beds intercalated in the lignite-bearing middle Eocene Helmstedt Formation in northern Germany. They are further confirmation for the existence of a tropical mangrove at the southern coast of the Proto-North Sea. Seven morphological parameters related to pollen size, exine thickness and ornamentation have been measured for 182 Spinizonocolpites grains by light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to reveal the morpho-diversity within the assemblage of Nypa pollen. The use of different univariate and multivariate statistical analyses such as cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) objectively allow differentiation of five significantly different morphotypes, which may be assigned to four previously described Spinizonocolpites species and a new morphotype. However, S. prominatus and the new morphotype form a continuum in the PCA with S. echinatus and S. baculatus as endmembers. Only S. cf. quilonensis lies outside the common range of morphological variation of the other species of Spinizonocolpites. Therefore, the existence of only two different Nypa species in the mangrove at Helmstedt is indicated despite the occurrence of five pollen morphotypes. Our study therefore illustrates that morpho-diversity of pollen is not necessarily related to species diversity in the parent plants.
Testing self-interacting dark matter with galaxy warps
Creators: name: Pardo, Kris
name: Desmond, Harry
name: Ferreira, Pedro G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) is an able alternative to collisionless dark matter. If dark matter does have self-interactions, we would expect this to cause a separation between the collisionless stars and the dark matter halo of a galaxy as it falls through a dark matter medium. For stars arranged in a disk, this would generate a U-shaped warp. The magnitude of this warping depends on the SIDM cross section, type of self-interaction, relative velocity of galaxy and background, halo structure, and density of the dark matter medium. In this paper, we set constraints on long-range (light mediator) dark matter self-interaction by means of this signal. We begin by measuring U-shaped warps in $3,213$ edge-on disk galaxies within the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We then forward-model the expected warp from SIDM on a galaxy-by-galaxy basis by combining models of halo structure, density and velocity field reconstructions, and models for the dark matter interactions. We find no evidence for a contribution to the warps from SIDM. Our constraints are highly dependent on the uncertain velocities of our galaxies: for a normalized Rutherford-like cross section we find $\tildeσ/m_{\rm{DM}} \lesssim 3\times 10^{-13}~\rm{cm}^2/\rm{g}$ at fixed velocity $v = 300~\rm{km/s}$ -- a bound that scales roughly linearly with increasing $v$. In the appendix we translate these bounds into limits on the momentum transfer cross section, finding $σ_T(300~\rm{km/s})/m_{\rm{DM}} \lesssim 0.1~\rm{cm}^2/\rm{g}$. [abridged]
description: v2: minor modifications + appendix with results in terms of the momentum transfer cross section
Multifractal Structure of the Harmonic Measure of Diffusion Limited Aggregates
Creators: name: Jensen, Mogens H.
name: Levermann, Anders
name: Mathiesen, Joachim
name: Procaccia, Itamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The method of iterated conformal maps allows to study the harmonic measure of Diffusion Limited Aggregates with unprecedented accuracy. We employ this method to explore the multifractal properties of the measure, including the scaling of the measure in the deepest fjords that were hitherto screened away from any numerical probing. We resolve probabilities as small as $10^{-35}$, and present an accurate determination of the generalized dimensions and the spectrum of singularities. We show that the generalized dimensions $D_q$ are infinite for $q
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. E
title: Le Pilote du Brésil, ou Description des côtes de l'Amérique méridionale... Cartes et plans de ces côtes et instructions pour naviguer dans les mers du Brésil, composé sur les documents recueillis dans la campagne hydrographique... exécutée en
Creators: name: Albin-Reine
name: Roussin
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Gr. in-fol., 40 p. de texte, cartes gr..
description: Source: Bibliothèque Patrimoniale Villon Patrimoine Magasin Atl-62
title: Community based interventions to improve HIV outcomes in youth: a cluster randomised trial in Zimbabwe (CHIEDZA)
Creators: name: Dziva Chikwari, Chido
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2022

description: Young people fare disproportionately poorly across the HIV care continuum compared to other age-groups; the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV is substantially higher, and coverage of and adherence to antiretroviral therapy is lower, resulting overall in worse virological outcomes. The aim of the CHIEDZA trial is to determine the impact of an integrated community-based package of HIV services incorporating HIV testing, linkage to care and ongoing adherence support, combined with sexual and reproductive health services and general health counselling for 16 to 24 year olds on population level HIV viral load in a high HIV prevalence setting.
MOESM14 of Evaluation of mosquito electrocuting traps as a safe alternative to the human landing catch for measuring human exposure to malaria vectors in Burkina Faso
Creators: name: Sanou, Antoine
name: W. Moussa Guelbéogo
name: Nelli, Luca
name: K. Hyacinth Toé
name: Soumanaba Zongo
name: Ouédraogo, Pierre
name: Fatoumata Cissé
name: Mirzai, Nosrat
name: Matthiopoulos, Jason
name: N’falé Sagnon
name: Ferguson, Heather
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 14. Non-significant term excluded from the best models where LRT represents likelihood ratio test and degree of freedom of 1 for all the terms.
Pollen spectrum of honey of Apis mellifera L. and stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from the semi-arid region of Bahia State, Brazil
Creators: name: Polyana Carneiro Dos Santos
name: Nascimento, Andreia Santos Do
name: Geni Da Silva Sodré
name: De Carvalho, Carlos Alfredo Lopes
name: De Oliveira Alves, Rogério Marcos
name: Mariza Alves Ferreira
name: Brunelle Ramos Andrade
name: Maiara Janine Machado Caldas
name: Nunes, Lorena Andrade
name: Estevinho, Leticia Miranda
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Pollen in honey reflects its botanical origin and melissopalynology is used to identify origin, type, and quantities of pollen grains of the botanical species visited by bees. This study aimed to identify the pollen spectrum of honeys from Apis mellifera and stingless bees produced in the semi-arid region of Bahia, Brazil. We analysed 78 honey samples, which were submitted to the acetolysis process for identification and quantification of pollen types. Fabaceae, Asteraceae and Euphorbiaceae were the most predominant families in pollen types. For Fabaceae, the most representative pollen types were Chamaecrista 1, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, Mimosa pudica, Mimosa tenuiflora, Prosopis and Senna. The results indicate that the flora explored by the bees to collect nectar is diverse in the semi-arid region of Bahia and the honeys analysed were classified as multifloral.
Mining User Behaviour from Smartphone data: a literature review
Creators: name: Servizi, Valentino
name: Pereira, Francisco C.
name: Anderson, Marie K.
name: Nielsen, Otto A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To study users' travel behaviour and travel time between origin and destination, researchers employ travel surveys. Although there is consensus in the field about the potential, after over ten years of research and field experimentation, Smartphone-based travel surveys still did not take off to a large scale. Here, computer intelligence algorithms take the role that operators have in Traditional Travel Surveys; since we train each algorithm on data, performances rest on the data quality, thus on the ground truth. Inaccurate validations affect negatively: labels, algorithms' training, travel diaries precision, and therefore data validation, within a very critical loop. Interestingly, boundaries are proven burdensome to push even for Machine Learning methods. To support optimal investment decisions for practitioners, we expose the drivers they should consider when assessing what they need against what they get. This paper highlights and examines the critical aspects of the underlying research and provides some recommendations: (i) from the device perspective, on the main physical limitations; (ii) from the application perspective, the methodological framework deployed for the automatic generation of travel diaries; (iii)from the ground truth perspective, the relationship between user interaction, methods, and data.
Science Meets Reality: Economic Efficiency, Markets, Institutions and Food Security
Creators: name: Carvalho, Bernardo Reynolds Pacheco De
name: Carvalho, Bernardo Reynolds Pacheco De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Food security
subject: Economic efficiency
subject: Technological and Institutional Changes

description: Food still is, and will continue to be, a basic issue at every day decision process in human behaviour. Food consumption has been a problematic issue in human history and today is also recognized as a basic pillar for human health and welfare/quality of life. From a global problem up to the middle of the eighties, right now food security is mainly a local issue (however a macro-level approach continued to be necessary for long run perspective and food safety concerns in trade and commercialization). Food and nutritional concerns today still are unforgetable issues on a local base perspective in many regions: the most common problems are related to the access and consumption to achieve the minimum nutritional requirements, but also other dimensions such as production, transformation, distribution and logistical aspects of the “food equation”, mainly in less developed countries, are crucial aspects to be taken into consideration. Economic effciency from a production perspective in the food sector, measured in terms of output per unit of input (technical and technological innovation) achieved one of the best performances in terms of development in the last 30 years globally and in most regions in the world (few exceptions, like Sub-Sahara countries and some others). The same can not be refered in regard to markets and institutional innovations. In fact, looking at institutions including markets and governments, it is necessary to explore and identify the several observed failures (institutional and governance failures: markets, governmental and others) were science can make a contribution. This is the main purpose of the current research, which is starting based on observed problems and applied solutions with good results in many situations, but also pointing out many other situations were solutions are needed based on the old instruments, but also based on innovative procedures. The method followed explores the basic theoretical approach in production theory and in consumption micro-economic concepts, allowing the introduction of some new proposals in regard to efficiency measures. Adding to those aspects some new questions and models are discussed in regard to the “institutional/organizational economics” in the actual world, providing support for improvement measures (and policy suggestions). The Brasilien case is explored in more detail (the “Fome Zero Program”), but also some African examples are used to illustrate that many solutions will have to rely on technological changes, but also on institutional innovations
Inflationary Theory and Alternative Cosmology
Creators: name: Kofman, Lev
name: Linde, Andrei
name: Mukhanov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Hollands and Wald argued that inflation does not solve any of the major cosmological problems. We explain why we disagree with their arguments. They also proposed a new speculative mechanism of generation of density perturbations. We show that in their scenario the inhomogeneities responsible for the large scale structure observed today were generated at an epoch when the energy density of the hot universe was 10^{95} times greater than the Planck density. The only way to avoid this problem is to assume that there was a stage of inflation in the early universe.
description: 17 pages, 1 fig, a discussion of a canonical measure of probability of inflation is added
Mein Teller 2050. Lerneinheit zur nachhaltigen und gesunden Ernährung nach der Planetary Health Diet: Berufsmaturitätsschulen. Version für Schülerinnen und Schüler
Creators: name: Vrdoljak, Dubravka
name: Paschke, Melanie
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Planetary Health Diet

description: Die Lerneinheit « Nachhaltige Ernährung – mein Teller 2050 » wird vom Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center der ETH Zürich und der Universitäten Zürich und Basel angeboten. Die Schülerinnen und Schüler ( SuS ) erkennen, welche Nahrungsmittel auf ihrem Teller im Zusammenhang mit der Planetary Health Diet ( PHD ) liegen werden. Sie setzen sich mit der Frage auseinander, wie ihr Teller zusammengesetzt sein muss, damit sie mit ihrer Ernährung innerhalb der planetaren Grenzen bleiben. Ausserdem lernen sie den Klima-Fussabdruck ihres Tellers verstehen.
Mein Teller 2050. Lerneinheit zur nachhaltigen und gesunden Ernährung nach der Planetary Health Diet: Berufsfachschulen. Version für Lernende
Creators: name: Vrdoljak, Dubravka
name: Paschke, Melanie
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Planetary Health Diet

description: Die Lerneinheit « Nachhaltige Ernährung – mein Teller 2050 » wird vom Zurich-
Basel Plant Science Center der ETH Zürich und der Universitäten Zürich und Basel angeboten. Die Lernenden erkennen, welche Nahrungsmittel auf ihrem Teller im Zusammenhang mit der Planetary Health Diet ( PHD ) liegen werden. Sie setzen sich mit der Frage auseinander, wie ihr Teller zusammengesetzt sein muss, damit sie mit ihrer Ernährung innerhalb der planetaren Grenzen bleiben. Ausserdem lernen sie den Klima-Fussabdruck ihres Tellers verstehen.
Additional file 1 of Advanced pathophysiology mimicking lung models for accelerated drug discovery
Creators: name: Phan, Thanh Huyen
name: Shi, Huaikai
name: Denes, Christopher E.
name: Cole, Alexander J.
name: Wang, Yiwei
name: Cheng, Yuen Yee
name: Hesselson, Daniel
name: Roelofs, Susan H.
name: Neely, Graham Gregory
name: Jang, Jun-Hyeog
name: Chrzanowski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file1: Table S1. Summary of primary and secondary antibodies used in IF staining for sectioned models.
MOESM3 of deltaRpkm: an R package for a rapid detection of differential gene presence between related bacterial genomes
Creators: name: Akarsu, Hatice
name: Aguilar-Bultet, Lisandra
name: Falquet, Laurent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 3. Complete documentation.
Revisiting nuclear tunnelling in the aqueous ferrous-ferric electron transfer
Creators: name: Fang, Wei
name: Zarotiadis, Rhiannon A.
name: Richardson, Jeremy O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aqueous ferrous-ferric system provides a classic example of an electron-transfer process in solution. There has been a long standing argument spanning more than three decades around the importance of nuclear tunnelling in this system, with estimates based on Wolynes theory suggesting a quantum correction factor of 65, while estimates based on a related spin-boson model suggest a smaller factor of 7-36. Recently, we have shown that Wolynes theory can break down for systems with multiple transition states leading to an overestimation of the rate, and we suggest that a liquid system such as the one investigated here may be particularly prone to this. We re-investigate this old yet interesting system with the first application of the recently developed golden-rule quantum transition-state theory (GR-QTST). We find that GR-QTST can be applied to this complex system without apparent difficulties and that it gives a prediction for the quantum rate 6 times smaller than that from Wolynes theory. The fact that these theories give different results suggests that although it is well known that the system can be treated using linear response and therefore resembles a spin-boson model in the classical limit, this approximation is questionable in the quantum case. It also intriguingly suggests the possibility that the previous predictions were overestimating the rate due to a break down of Wolynes theory.
Brownian Dynamics Simulation of Nucleosome Formation and Disruption under Stretching
Creators: name: Li, Wei
name: Dou, Shuo-Xing
name: Wang, Peng-Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Using a Brownian dynamics simulation, we numerically studied the interaction of DNA with histone and proposed an octamer-rotation model to describe the process of nucleosome formation. Nucleosome disruption under stretching was also simulated. The theoretical curves of extension versus time as well as of force versus extension are consistent with previous experimental results.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures
Long term variability and correlation study of the blazar 3C 454.3 in radio, NIR and optical wavebands
Creators: name: Sarkar, A.
name: Chitnis, V. R.
name: Gupta, A. C.
name: Gaur, H.
name: Patel, S. R.
name: Wiita, P. J.
name: Volvach, A. E.
name: Tornikoski, M.
name: Chamani, W.
name: Enestam, S.
name: Lähteenmäki, A.
name: Tammi, J.
name: Vera, R. J. C
name: Volvach, L. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed a long-term optical (B, V, R bands), infra-red (J and K bands) and radio band (15, 22, 37 GHz band) study on the flat spectrum radio quasar, 3C 454.3, using the data collected over a period of more than 8 years (MJD 54500--57500). The temporal variability, spectral properties and inter-waveband correlations were studied by dividing the available data into smaller segments with more regular sampling. This helped us constrain the size and the relative locations of the emission regions for different wavebands. Spectral analysis of the source revealed the interplay between the accretion disk and jet emission. The source predominantly showed a redder-when-brighter trend, though we observed a bluer-when-brighter trend at high flux levels which could be signatures of particle acceleration and radiative cooling. Significant correlations with near-zero lag were seen between various optical/infra-red bands, indicating that these emission regions are co-spatial. Correlations with a time lag of about 10--100 days are seen between optical/infra-red and radio bands indicating these emissions arise from different regions. We also observe the DCF peak lag change from year to year. We try to explain these differences using a curved jet model where the different emission regions have different viewing angles resulting in a frequency dependent Doppler factor. This variable Doppler factor model explains the variability timescales and the variation in DCF peak lag between the radio and optical emissions in different segments. Lags of 6-180 days are seen between emissions in various radio bands, indicating a core-shift effect
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Analytic structure of solutions of the one-dimensional Burgers equation with modified dissipation
Creators: name: Pauls, Walter
name: Ray, Samriddhi Sankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the one-dimensional Burgers equation to illustrate the effect of replacing the standard Laplacian dissipation term by a more general function of the Laplacian -- of which hyperviscosity is the best known example -- in equations of hydrodynamics. We analyze the asymptotic structure of solutions in the Fourier space at very high wave-numbers by introducing an approach applicable to a wide class of hydrodynamical equations whose solutions are calculated in the limit of vanishing Reynolds numbers from algebraic recursion relations involving iterated integrations. We give a detailed analysis of their analytic structure for two different types of dissipation: a hyperviscous and an exponentially growing dissipation term. Our results, obtained in the limit of vanishing Reynolds numbers, are validated by high-precision numerical simulations at non-zero Reynolds numbers. We then study the bottleneck problem, an intermediate asymptotics phenomenon, which in the case of the Burgers equation arises when ones uses dissipation terms (such as hyperviscosity) growing faster at high wave-numbers than the standard Laplacian dissipation term. A linearized solution of the well-known boundary layer limit of the Burgers equation involving two numerically determined parameters gives a good description of the bottleneck region.
description: 23 pages; 6 figures
MOESM1 of deltaRpkm: an R package for a rapid detection of differential gene presence between related bacterial genomes
Creators: name: Akarsu, Hatice
name: Aguilar-Bultet, Lisandra
name: Falquet, Laurent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. RPKM values distribution of all genes in the dataset. This can be used to fine tune the heatmap color break parameters. Figure S2. Dataset size effect on the distribution of the δRPKM values. A. Boxplots for datasets from N = 7 to N = 225 samples. The dataset size does not influence the median δRPKM values that are used when computing the differentially present gene selection based on the 2*standard deviation of median δRPKM values. Two datasets are highlighted for illustration, N = 51 samples and N = 225 samples. B. Dataset size effect on threshold value (2*standard deviation) of median δRPKM. Figure S3. The selected differentially present gene set is robust. Downsampling shows that even with small size dataset, the identified genes highly overlap (N = 115) with the datasets of greater size. Figure S4. deltaRpkm performance: dataset size effect on runtime. The whole analysis pipeline with deltaRpkm can be run in less than 20 min in R for a dataset with N = 225 samples of Listeria monocytogenes (~ 3 Mb, ~ 3 K genes). Ubuntu 14.04, R 3.4.4, Intel Core i-4790 CPU @3.60Gzx8. Figure S5. deltaRpkm performance: dataset size effect on memory usage. The whole analysis pipeline with deltaRpkm uses less than 4G of memory in R for a dataset with N = 225 samples of Listeria monocytogenes (~ 3 Mb, ~ 3 K genes). Ubuntu 14.04, R 3.4.4, Intel Core i-4790 CPU @3.60Gzx8. Figure S6. deltaRpkm performance: real (A) versus randomized datasets (B). The gene differential presence gives shorter and non-robust list of genes when using randomized datasets of different sizes. Corrected RPKM.
External Validation of Predictive Models for Diagnosis, Management and Severity of Pediatric Appendicitis
Creators: name: Marcinkevičs, Ričards
name: Sokol, Kacper
name: Paulraj, Akhil
name: Hilbert, Melinda A.
name: Rimili, Vivien
name: Wellmann, Sven
name: Knorr, Christian
name: Reingruber, Bertram
name: Vogt, Julia E.
name: Reis Wolfertstetter, Patricia
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Appendicitis
Pediatrics
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
Predictive modeling
Medical decision support system
Evaluation

description: medRxiv