cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observation of pseudogap behavior in a strongly interacting Fermi gas
Creators: name: Gaebler, J. P.
name: Stewart, J. T.
name: Drake, T. E.
name: Jin, D. S.
name: Perali, A.
name: Pieri, P.
name: Strinati, G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold atomic Fermi gases present an opportunity to study strongly interacting Fermi systems in a controlled and uncomplicated setting. The ability to tune attractive interactions has led to the discovery of superfluidity in these systems with an extremely high transition temperature, near T/T_F = 0.2. This superfluidity is the electrically neutral analog of superconductivity; however, superfluidity in atomic Fermi gases occurs in the limit of strong interactions and defies a conventional BCS description. For these strong interactions, it is predicted that the onset of pairing and superfluidity can occur at different temperatures. This gives rise to a pseudogap region where, for a range of temperatures, the system retains some of the characteristics of the superfluid phase, such as a BCS-like dispersion and a partially gapped density of states, but does not exhibit superfluidity. By making two independent measurements: the direct observation of pair condensation in momentum space and a measurement of the single-particle spectral function using an analog to photoemission spectroscopy, we directly probe the pseudogap phase. Our measurements reveal a BCS-like dispersion with back-bending near the Fermi wave vector k_F that persists well above the transition temperature for pair condensation.
Available to All, Produced By Few
Creators: name: Weiss, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2017

description: Currently, Europeans traveling abroad confront frustrations when trying to access their subscriptions to Internet streaming services such as Netflix or Amazon Prime. Often, their attempts to access a movie or show are met with a message stating something along the lines of: “We are sorry. This content is not available in your country or territory.” In the vernacular of the audiovisual industry, their content is “geo-blocked” in that nation. This is due to the fact that, under the European Union’s current regulatory framework, producers of audiovisual content finance and distribute their shows in a system based on territorial exclusivity. Territorial exclusivity entails selling exclusive broadcast rights for audiovisual content to specific broadcasters and online platforms on a territory-by-territory or country-by-country basis. However, this may all be changing soon for the European Union. In May 2015, the European Commission announced its plan for a Digital Single Market, a multifaceted proposal aiming to tear down regulatory and geo-blocking walls between the European Union’s Member States and to create a single, pan-European online market. This Note explores the potential financial and cultural implications of this DSM strategy for the film and television industries in the European Union and the United States. The benefits of a pan-European territory for audiovisual content distribution rights will be immediately clear to consumers.Cross-border portability and availability of subscriptions, movies, and shows will likely be applauded. However, this Note suggests the potential costs of such a unification effort, although less immediately evident, may be substantial. In particular, cultural diversity within the European Union and the ability of smaller nations’ audiovisual industry players to compete may suffer if the costs of production and distribution increase to a pan-European scale. Throughout the growth and development of the European Union, there has been a struggle between concerns for harmonization and unification among the Member States and concerns for the preservation of unique cultural identities and diversity. The debate over the DSM is a microcosm of this balancing act, the latest chapter of an ongoing tension to define to what lengths the EU should go in unifying its Members. The European Commission’s ultimate determination of how to enact the DSM will signal how they currently prioritize these competing considerations.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2016 No. 3
Roll convection of binary fluid mixtures in porous media
Creators: name: Umla, Rudolf
name: Augustin, Matthias
name: Huke, Bjoern
name: Luecke, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically the nonlinear state of ideal straight rolls in the Rayleigh-Bénard system of a fluid layer heated from below with a porous medium using a Galerkin method. Applying the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation, binary mixtures with positive separation ratio are studied and compared to one-component fluids. Our results for the structural properties of roll convection resemble qualitatively the situation in the Rayleigh--Bénard system without porous medium except for the fact that the streamlines of binary mixtures are deformed in the so-called Soret regime. The deformation of the streamlines is explained by means of the Darcy equation which is used to describe the transport of momentum. In addition to the properties of the rolls, their stability against arbitrary infinitesimal perturbations is investigated. We compute stability balloons for the pure fluid case as well as for a wide parameter range of Lewis numbers and separation ratios which are typical for binary gas and fluid mixtures. The stability regions of rolls are found to be restricted by a crossroll, a zigzag and a new type of oscillatory instability mechanism, which can be related to the crossroll mechanism.
The Tuition “Claw Back” Phenomenon
Creators: name: Mackenzie, Andrew
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2017

description: A new phenomenon has developed in recent bankruptcy proceedings in which trustees are “clawing back” tuition payments made by debtor-parents on behalf of their children. Relying on Bankruptcy Code section 548, trustees are arguing that because parents have no legal obligation to pay for their child’s college tuition, they receive no “reasonably equivalent value” for such payments, thereby making such transfers fraudulent and eligible for clawback in bankruptcy. These clawbacks are increasingly troubling considering the rising cost of post-secondary education and the burden such expenses can impose on this generation’s college graduates. This Note addresses the confusion in bankruptcy courts over the proper resolution of tuition clawback cases. While some courts have allowed these clawbacks, others have invoked notions of parental and societal obligations to protect debtor parents who make tuition payments on the eve of bankruptcy. This Note explores several solutions to this problem including both amending the Bankruptcy Code and providing for an alternative reading of “reasonably equivalent value.”
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2016 No. 3
Broker-Dealer Use of “Idle” Customer Assets
Creators: name: Tepe, George
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2017

description: Equity investors, whether hedge funds or retail investors, must trade stocks through broker-dealers, and when these investors are not actively trading, their securities and uninvested cash remain with their broker-dealer. What broker-dealers do with these “idle” customer assets is a vast and largely unexamined business that is a key source of revenue for broker-dealers. This Note provides the first comprehensive examination of the trade-offs in regulating broker-dealer use of idle customer assets through case studies of broker-dealer sweeps of uninvested customer cash, broker dealer lending of customer margin securities, and the effect of securities lending on customers’ shareholder votes. On one hand, broker-dealer use of idle customer assets potentially increases agency costs and systemic risk by increasing broker-dealer interconnectedness and allowing broker-dealers to profit off customer assets. On the other hand, proper use of idle assets can generate positive outcomes for customers through higher returns and positive social benefits for the general market. This Note proposes and examines potential reforms like increased disclosure and scholars to frame parallel exclusion as a form of monopolization.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2016 No. 3
Class Actions As Firms
Creators: name: Parkinson, Alex Atticus
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2017

description: Class action literature is fixated on principal-agent problems—a near-singular focus that has largely been tracked by the courts, which frequently treat the class action mechanism as a Pandora’s box of agency costs. The ascent of the “principal-agent framework” is unsurprising. The divide between class members and class counsel gives rise to a host of classical principal-agent problems: self interested class counsel often have incentives to act contrary to the interests of class members, and class representatives are poor monitors of such behavior. However, the hegemony of this framework can misguide courts, which not only aggressively regulate genuine principal-agent problems, as they should, but also regularly constrain the size and scope of class actions without explaining why doing so mitigates agency costs. That said, the principal-agent framework rests on an often-assumed, important, and inarguable foundation: principal-agent problems arise because class actions separate ownership (litigation interests belonging to class members) from management (class counsel). This Article refracts the frame of analysis by one degree—from the principal agent framework to Coasean firm analysis. Descriptively, the class action is a like firm. Class actions are, like firms, comprised of ownership interests that aggregate to avoid the higher costs of acting alone in the market, cede control to a manager to achieve efficiencies, and operate pursuant to a profit motive. Moreover, like a firm, there is a natural—almost organic—limit to the growth of a class action: it will expand until litigating outside the class action would prove less costly than additional “growth.” This Article’s “firm framework” is consonant with the most useful components of the principal-agent framework—those that rest on the separation of ownership and management—yet breaks with the traditionalist account in important ways.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2016 No. 3
Retired A Stars and Their Companions. III. Comparing the Mass-Period Distributions of Planets Around A-Type Stars and Sun-Like Stars
Creators: name: Bowler, Brendan P.
name: Johnson, John Asher
name: Marcy, Geoffrey W.
name: Henry, Gregory W.
name: Peek, Kathryn M. G.
name: Fischer, Debra A.
name: Clubb, Kelsey I.
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Reffert, Sabine
name: Schwab, Christian
name: Lowe, Thomas B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of ~5 years of Lick Observatory radial velocity measurements targeting a uniform sample of 31 intermediate-mass subgiants (1.5 < M*/Msun < 2.0) with the goal of measuring the occurrence rate of Jovian planets around (evolved) A-type stars and comparing the distributions of their orbital and physical characteristics to those of planets around Sun-like stars. We provide updated orbital solutions incorporating new radial velocity measurements for five known planet-hosting stars in our sample; uncertainties in the fitted parameters are assessed using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. The frequency of Jovian planets interior to 3 AU is 26 (+9,-8)%, which is significantly higher than the ~5-10% frequency observed around solar-mass stars. The median detection threshold for our sample includes minimum masses down to {0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.6, 1.3} MJup within {0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 1.0, 3.0} AU. To compare the properties of planets around intermediate-mass stars to those around solar-mass stars we synthesize a population of planets based on the parametric relationship dN ~ M^{alpha}P^{beta} dlnM dlnP, the observed planet frequency, and the detection limits we derived. We find that the values of alpha and beta for planets around solar-type stars from Cumming et al. fail to reproduce the observed properties of planets in our sample at the 4 sigma level, even when accounting for the different planet occurrence rates. Thus, the properties of planets around A stars are markedly different than those around Sun-like stars, suggesting that only a small (~ 50%) increase in stellar mass has a large influence on the formation and orbital evolution of planets.
description: Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal; 15 pages, 15 figures
Second-Generation Monopolization
Creators: name: Chang, Felix B.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2017

description: The reluctance of antitrust to condemn parallel exclusion permits oligopolies to be entrenched. This is because parallel exclusion—multiple-firm conduct that inhibits market entrants—cannot satisfy the current strictures on monopolization, which are understood to prohibit single-firm conduct. Yet this is an outdated way of conceptualizing monopolization. An expansion of monopolization—to cover parallel, non-collusive acts by an oligopoly—is due. To push the law toward recognizing parallel exclusion, this Article examines concentration in the markets for financial derivatives, which are perennially dominated by the same big banks. Even after losses under first-generation antitrust claims, the dominant derivatives dealers have found ways to retain market power. This Article therefore delves into the market power dynamics that traditional theories have sidestepped. As a technical exercise, this Article illustrates the relevance of market definition as a paradigm—particularly for illuminating blind spots in financial regulation. As a doctrinal endeavor, this Article buttresses the efforts of other scholars to frame parallel exclusion as a form of monopolization.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2016 No. 3
States' Rights Against Corporate Rights
Creators: name: Buccola, Vincent S. J.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2017

description: Most of the many critics who denounce Citizens United v. FEC and Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc., ground their complaint in consequentialist terms, at least in part. They see these decisions as entrenching corporate power, by constitutional or quasi-constitutional means, against what ought to be a supervening public will. This Article argues for a different view. Far from entrenching corporate power, the rights cases effectively delegate choices about corporate activities to a politically sensitive, if surprising, instrument:ordinary state legislation. In particular, this Article advances two claims about the nature of states’ rights against corporate rights: first, under existing law, the states can subvert the federal rights of their own corporations; second, and more speculatively, the states can also frustrate the federal rights of foreign corporations that do local business. The analysis suggests that reformers would do well to look to the state capitols rather than the halls of Washington. It also yields implications for the theory of interstate corporate regulation more generally.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2016 No. 3
Electronic properties of H on vicinal Pt surfaces: A first-principles study
Creators: name: Vehviläinen, T.
name: Salo, P.
name: Ala-Nissila, T.
name: Ying, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we use the first-principle density-functional approach to study the electronic structure of a H atom adsorbed on the ideal Pt(111) and vicinal Pt(211) and Pt(331) surfaces. Full three-dimensional potential-energy surfaces (3D PES's) as well as local electronic density of states on various adsorption sites are obtained. The results show that the steps modify the PES considerably. The effect is nonlocal and extends into the region of the (111) terraces. We also find that different type of steps have different kind of influence on the PES when compared to the one of the ideal Pt(111) surface. The full 3D PES's calculated in this work provide a starting point for the theoretical study of vibrational and diffusive dynamics of H adatoms adsorbed on these vicinal surfaces.
description: 8 pages with 5 figures and 3 tables. In version 2, there have been made some minor changes and a bigger one in Section III.A.1 where the results of the test calculations dealt with the accuracy of the present results have been added
The Federal Trade Commission and Online Consumer Contracts
Creators: name: Smith, Hilary
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2016

description: Consumer contracts have long posed a challenge for traditional contract enforcement regimes. With the rise in quick online transactions involving clickwrap and browsewrap contracts, these challenges only become more pressing. This Note identifies the problems inherent in the current system and explores proposals and past attempts to improve online consumer contract interpretation and enforcement. Ultimately, this Note identifies the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) as an appropriate and effective agency to provide the much-needed change to online consumer contract enforcement. Based upon its authority under Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act to regulate unfair business practices, the broad discretion that Congress has afforded the FTC, and its successful incursion into the related field of online privacy law, the FTC is uniquely situated to promulgate a new online consumer contracting regime. This Note illustrates the basis and precedent for such a step and explores the form and effects of FTC involvement in online consumer contracts.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2016 No. 2
Towards using utility data to quantify how investments would have increased the wind resilience of distribution systems
Creators: name: Ahmad, Arslan
name: Dobson, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantify resilience with metrics extracted from the historical outage data that is routinely recorded by many distribution utilities. The outage data is coordinated with wind data to relate average outage rates in an area to wind speed measured at a nearby weather station. A past investment in wind hardening would have reduced the outage rates, and the effect of this on metrics can be calculated by sampling a reduced number of the historical outages and recomputing the metrics. This quantifies the impact that the hardening would have had on customers. This is a tangible way to relate an investment in wind resilience to the benefits it would have had on the lived experience of customers that could help make the case for the investment to the public and regulators. We also quantify the impact of earlier or faster restoration on customer metrics and compare this to the impact of investment in hardening. Overall this is a new and straightforward approach to quantify resilience and justify resilience investments to stakeholders that is directly driven by utility data. The approach driven by data avoids complicated models or modeling assumptions.
Wavelet regression in random design with heteroscedastic dependent errors
Creators: name: Kulik, Rafał
name: Raimondo, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G05 (Primary), 62G08, 62G20 (Secondary)

description: We investigate function estimation in nonparametric regression models with random design and heteroscedastic correlated noise. Adaptive properties of warped wavelet nonlinear approximations are studied over a wide range of Besov scales, $f\in\mathcal{B}^s_{π,r}$, and for a variety of $L^p$ error measures. We consider error distributions with Long-Range-Dependence parameter $α,02$, it is seen that there are three rate phases, namely the dense, sparse and long range dependence phase, depending on the relative values of $s,p,π$ and $α$. Furthermore, we show that long range dependence does not come into play for shape estimation $f-\int f$. The theory is illustrated with some numerical examples.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOS684 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
D2.1 5G-VINNI Solution Facility-sites High Level Design (HLD)
Creators: name: Pitter, Jan
name: Kashif Mahmood, main editor for Norway Facility
name: Paul Muschamp, main editor for UK Facility
name: Carmen Guerrero, main editor for Spain Facility
name: Christos Tranoris, main editor for Greece Facility
name: Jorge Carapinha, main editor for Portugal Facility
name: Marius-Iulian Corici, main editor for Germany (Berlin)
name: Zsolt Szabo, main editor for Germany (Berlin)
name: Joseph Eichinger, main editor for Germany (Munich)
name: Konstantinos Liolis, main editor for Luxembourg
name: Monachesi, Marcello
name: Troudt, Eric
name: Gronsund, Pal
name: Puneet Gupta
name: Lagerholm, Robert
name: Nokia
name: Nokia
name: Nokia
name: Nokia
name: Corici, Marius
name: Abboud, Osama
name: Xiao, Xun
name: Gharba, Mohamed
name: Hecker, Artur
name: Parada, Carlos
name: Fontes, Francisco
name: Bonnet, José
name: Rocha, Alberto
name: Marques, Victor
name: Hélder Alves
name: Christos Politis, main editor for Luxembourg
name: Paisana, Francisco
name: Papaioannou, Panagiotis
name: Gallego, Adrián
name: Intracom Telecom
name: Intracom Telecom
name: Intracom Telecom
name: Intracom Telecom
name: López, Diego R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: 5G, NFV, VNF, NFVI, MANO, Service Orchestration, 5G RAN, Transport, 5G Core, Solution Design, High Level Design

description: Description of network services for each Facility-site. Includes configuration of Infrastructure, RAN,

Core and MANO components and of the interconnections among them. Used as a reference for the

orchestration and testing activities. Description of the cross Facility-site services and interconnection

requirements and configurations.
Time-averaged approach to the dewetting problem at evaporation
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaolong
name: Nikolayev, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dewetting of liquid films on solid surfaces in the presence of evaporation is a common phenomenon and has been studied by many researchers. The previous numerical approach has revealed that evaporation accelerates the dewetting speed of the triple contact line and established correlations between the dewetting speed and the surface wettability and superheating. However, such a numerical calculation is time- and resource-consuming. ,We examine dewetting physics and propose a time-averaged approach based on the multiscale theory. The new approach averages the dewetting process over time and consists of only several algebraic equations, making the problem easier to solve. It can produce time-averaged values of essential quantities, such as the dewetting speed and contact angle as a function of superheating, which agrees with the previous numerical results. This simple approach is valuable for many applications, such as modeling pulsating heat pipes and describing the microlayer dynamics under growing vapor bubbles in nucleate boiling.
description: EPL - Europhysics Letters, 2023
Search for Z' bosons decaying to pairs of heavy Majorana neutrinos in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for the production of pairs of heavy Majorana neutrinos (N$_\ell$) from the decays of Z' bosons is performed using the CMS detector at the LHC. The data were collected in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV, with an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. The signature for the search is an excess in the invariant mass distribution of the final-state objects, two same-flavor leptons (e or $μ$) and at least two jets. No significant excess of events beyond the expected background is observed. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the product of the Z' production cross section and its branching fraction to a pair of N$_\ell$, as functions of N$_\ell$ and Z' boson masses ($m_{\mathrm{N}_\ell}$ and $m_\mathrm{Z'}$, respectively) for $m_\mathrm{Z'}$ from 0.4 to 4.6 TeV and $m_{\mathrm{N}_\ell}$ from 0.1 TeV to $m_\mathrm{Z'}$/2. In the theoretical framework of a left-right symmetric model, exclusion bounds in the $m_{\mathrm{N}_\ell}-m_\mathrm{Z'}$ plane are presented in both the electron and muon channels. The observed upper limit on $m_\mathrm{Z'}$ reaches up to 4.42 TeV. These are the most restrictive limits to date on the mass of N$_\ell$ as a function of the Z' boson mass.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-20-006 (CMS Public Pages)
Tropidonotus trianguligerus Schi.
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Squamata
Ophidia
Colubridae
Tropidonotus
Tropidonotus trianguligerus

description: Tropidonotus trianguligerus Schi.
Java v. F M. [1]
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on page 682, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
Discourse markers and connectives in interpreted Hungarian discourse: A corpus-based investigation of discourse properties and their interdependence
Creators: name: Götz, Andrea
Publisher: name: Nyelvtudományi Intézet, Eötvös Loránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH)
Year: 2020

description: This paper investigates the frequency of discourse markers and connectives in interpreted Hungarian discourse. Even though the relationship between these items and other linguistic phenomena, such as hesition, is well known, no study to date has set out to explore it in relation to Hungarian interpreted discourse. This study examines the link between the frequency of these items, delivery speed, and ﬁlled pauses in a corpus of European Parliamentary speeches interpreted from English to Hungarian. According to the results, discourse markers and connectives are more frequent in interpreted than original discourse, and their frequency positively and signiﬁcantly correlates with delivery speed, while ﬁlled pauses do not show such a straightforward relationship.
On the resolution of the big bang singularity in isotropic Loop Quantum Cosmology
Creators: name: Varadarajan, Madhavan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to previous work in the field, we construct the Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC) of the flat isotropic model with a massless scalar field in the absence of higher order curvature corrections to the gravitational part of the Hamiltonian constraint. The matter part of the constraint contains the inverse triad operator which can be quantized with or without the use of a Thiemann- like procedure. With the latter choice, we show that the LQC quantization is identical to that of the standard Wheeler DeWitt theory (WDW) wherein there is no singularity resolution. We argue that the former choice leads to singularity resolution in the sense of a well defined, regular (backward) evolution through and beyond the epoch where the size of the universe vanishes. Our work along with that of the seminal work of Ashtekar, Pawlowski and Singh (APS) clarifies the role, in singularity resolution, of the three `exotic' structures in this LQC model, namely: curvature corrections, inverse triad definitions and the `polymer' nature of the kinematic representation. We also critically examine certain technical assumptions made by APS in their analysis of WDW semiclassical states and point out some problems stemming from the infrared behaviour of their wave functions
description: 26 pages, no figures
Automated Speaker Independent Visual Speech Recognition: A Comprehensive Survey
Creators: name: Nemani, Praneeth
name: Krishna, G. Sai
name: Kundrapu, Supriya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Speaker-independent VSR is a complex task that involves identifying spoken words or phrases from video recordings of a speaker's facial movements. Over the years, there has been a considerable amount of research in the field of VSR involving different algorithms and datasets to evaluate system performance. These efforts have resulted in significant progress in developing effective VSR models, creating new opportunities for further research in this area. This survey provides a detailed examination of the progression of VSR over the past three decades, with a particular emphasis on the transition from speaker-dependent to speaker-independent systems. We also provide a comprehensive overview of the various datasets used in VSR research and the preprocessing techniques employed to achieve speaker independence. The survey covers the works published from 1990 to 2023, thoroughly analyzing each work and comparing them on various parameters. This survey provides an in-depth analysis of speaker-independent VSR systems evolution from 1990 to 2023. It outlines the development of VSR systems over time and highlights the need to develop end-to-end pipelines for speaker-independent VSR. The pictorial representation offers a clear and concise overview of the techniques used in speaker-independent VSR, thereby aiding in the comprehension and analysis of the various methodologies. The survey also highlights the strengths and limitations of each technique and provides insights into developing novel approaches for analyzing visual speech cues. Overall, This comprehensive review provides insights into the current state-of-the-art speaker-independent VSR and highlights potential areas for future research.
After Aereo
Creators: name: Makar, Jake
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2016

description: As Internet technology has advanced, consumers have increasingly opted to view video content on their computer, tablet, and smartphone screens instead of their television screens. In American Broadcasting Cos. v. Aereo, Inc. (“Aereo III”), decided in 2014, the U.S. Supreme Court rejected one of the more creative methods of delivering content via the Internet, closing a legal loophole by ruling that a company could not escape copyright liability by characterizing its retransmission of content as simply providing the consumer with equipment. Although the ruling definitively answered one question that had been subject to debate, the battle over Internet broadcasting has simply moved to another arena. The decision has led Aereo and similar companies to argue that they should be allowed to take advantage of the compulsory licensing scheme available to “cable systems” under Section 111 of the Copyright Act. The result of this new debate could have far-reaching effects on how consumers can access television content and on how the courts will interpret the Copyright Act in the future. This Note examines the decisions made in the wake of Aereo III that have addressed the application of Section 111 and, in particular, contrasts the reasoning of Fox v. Aereokiller, in which the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California held that Internet rebroadcasting services are eligible for a compulsory license under Section 111, with the reasoning of courts that have come to the opposite conclusion. This Note argues that both the text of Section 111 and its legislative history demonstrate that Internet rebroadcasting services fall under the statutory definition of “cable system.” It further argues that granting access to the compulsory licensing scheme would accomplish the important policy goal of increasing competition in the marketplace.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2016 No. 2
The entanglement gap and a new principle of adiabatic continuity
Creators: name: Thomale, R.
name: Sterdyniak, A.
name: Regnault, N.
name: Bernevig, B. Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a complete definition of the entanglement gap separating low-energy, topological levels, from high-energy, generic ones, in the "entanglement spectrum" of Fractional Quantum Hall (FQH) states. By removing the magnetic length inherent in the FQH problem - a procedure which we call taking the "conformal limit", we find that the entanglement spectrum of an incompressible ground-state of a generic (i.e. Coulomb) lowest Landau Level Hamiltonian re-arranges into a low-(entanglement) energy part separated by a full gap from the high energy entanglement levels. As previously observed, the counting of these levels starts off as the counting of modes of the edge theory of the FQH state, but quickly develops finite-size effects which we show can also serve as a fingerprint of the FQH state. As the sphere manifold where the FQH resides grows, the level spacing of the states at the same angular momentum goes to zero, suggestive of the presence of relativistic gapless edge-states. By using the adiabatic continuity of the low entanglement energy levels, we investigate whether two states are topologically connected.
description: 4.1 pages, 5 figures; sent to PRL on 11/12/09
Staying in Hollywood and the Big Apple
Creators: name: Xu, Tina
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2016

description: Staying in Hollywood and the Big Apple: The Effectiveness and Design of Film Production Tax Credits in New York and California, 2016 Colum. Bus. L. Rev. 426 (2016). Film production tax credits have become an increasingly common feature of the state tax system. These tax credit programs were originally a response to worries about “runaway production” of films to foreign jurisdictions offering similar incentives. Now, even states with a historical comparative advantage in film production and strong in-state talent and expertise offer sizeable tax credits. This Note will focus on the film production tax credits offered in states with a historical comparative advantage in filming, specifically New York and California. The Note begins by examining the evolution and expansion of the Empire State Film Production Credit and the California Film and Television Production Credit. Then, it compares the current design of these two tax credit programs, and discusses and critiques economic impact analyses used to evaluate these programs. The Note concludes by addressing whether it is advisable for a state with a historically strong film industry to offer a film tax credit, and which tax design features are appropriate for such a state, paying special attention to how a program determines eligibility for the tax credit, whether the credit can be refunded or transferred, and the credit’s allocation mechanism.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2016 No. 2
General Electric Quarterly Survey 75-04, Versions I, II & III, Prof. & Manag., I-III, College Students, Special list I & II
Creators: name: Electric, General
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Adult sample: Most interesting concerns (3); local community concerns (1); taxes for community services (24); price controls (1); wage controls (1); unaffordable purchases (1); future expensive items (1); race relations (1); future race relations (1); companies helping race relations (1); car usage (1); automobile restrictions (2); gasoline engine alternatives (5); government activity changes (24); product values (9); electricity fuels (3); future fuels (2); electricity rates (3); need for additional plants (1); government controlling companies (1); electric cars (6); mandatory electric cars (1); subcompact ownership (1); national issues discussions (2); company effects (1); foreign manufacturing (2); trade restrictions (1); corporation taxes (1); corporation profits (1); programs affecting economy (8); manufacturing information (4); dangerous activities (6); important career aspects (8); income change (1); price changes (1); financial situation (1); peer unemployment (1). College student sample: Most interesting concerns (3); race relations (1); future race relations (1); companies helping race relations (1); car usage (1); automobile restrictions (2); gasoline engine alternatives (5); government activity changes (12); government controlling companies (1); national issues discussions (1); company effects (1); college attended (2); class year (1); major (1); degree (1); preferred career (2); important career aspects (8); class standing (2). Managers sample: Most interesting concerns (3); local community interests (1); taxes for community services (24); price controls (1); wage controls (1); unaffordable purchases (1); future expensive items (1); race relations (1); future race relations (1); companies helping race relations (1); car usage (1); automobile restrictions (2); gasoline engine alternatives (5); government activity changes (24); product values (9); electricity fuels (3); future fuels (2); electricity rates (3); need for additional plants (1); government controlling activities (1); electric cars (6); mandatory electric cars (1); car usage (1); subcompact ownership (1); national issues discussions (2); company effects (1); foreign manufacturing (2); trade restrictions (1); corporation taxes (1); corporation profits (1); programs affecting economy (8); manufacturing information (4); dangerous activities (6); important career aspects (8); income change (1); price changes (1); financial situation (1); peer unemployment (1).
Tabular Machine Learning Methods for Predicting Gas Turbine Emissions
Creators: name: Potts, Rebecca
name: Hackney, Rick
name: Leontidis, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predicting emissions for gas turbines is critical for monitoring harmful pollutants being released into the atmosphere. In this study, we evaluate the performance of machine learning models for predicting emissions for gas turbines. We compare an existing predictive emissions model, a first principles-based Chemical Kinetics model, against two machine learning models we developed based on SAINT and XGBoost, to demonstrate improved predictive performance of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) using machine learning techniques. Our analysis utilises a Siemens Energy gas turbine test bed tabular dataset to train and validate the machine learning models. Additionally, we explore the trade-off between incorporating more features to enhance the model complexity, and the resulting presence of increased missing values in the dataset.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, 1 appendix
Identification of core microbiome on macroalgal species, and microbial manipulation in commercial kelp culture
Creators: name: Park, Jungsoo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: There is a growing recognition of the important role that host-associated microbes play in the biology and health of seaweeds. The seaweed cultivation industry is rapidly expanding due to its high demand for various applications and as a nutritious food source. As a result, there is a growing interest in exploring the potential for manipulating the microbiome to improve seaweed aquaculture and identify potential probiotic strains more effectively. Recent studies have highlighted an increase in disease and a decline in crop yields in seaweed aquaculture, which can be attributed to intensified and global distribution. However, our current understanding of the influence of microbes on seaweed cultivation remains limited. The distribution of bacteria within the microbiome of seaweeds naturally varies both in space and time. The core microbiome hypothesis suggests that bacteria consistently present in the microbiome of hosts are more likely to play an important functional role. This makes the core bacteria an appealing target for microbial manipulation. In my research, I aim to test the core microbiome hypothesis, which suggests that the ecological distribution of bacteria can serve as a predictive factor for their influence on host biology. In Chapter 2, I developed a better understanding of the distribution of seaweed-associated bacteria and show how different ways of defining the core microbiome result in different suites of bacteria identified as the core, and conclude that sampling across broader spatial and temporal scales result in a more robust set of core bacteria. I found that most of these core bacteria from Fucus distichus were also widespread across seaweed species. In Chapter 3, I identified core bacteria associated with wild sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) and their distribution on cultivated S. latissima. I then conducted experimental tests investigating the impact of microbial manipulation on S. latissima biology using bacterial isolates in the cultivation of S. latissima. The results revealed that bacteria can indeed alter growth and development of sugar kelp, and found a positive correlation between bacterial taxa found at high frequency on wild S. latissima and their effect on S. latissima development. Chapter 4 tested the prediction that the bacteria most commonly found on wild kelp (the core) would be more successful at colonizing kelp in laboratory cultures. Overall, my findings suggest that selecting probiotic strains from the core candidates could be a valuable strategy, as they are more likely to influence host biology and colonize kelp in a deterministic manner.
On Social Credit and the Right To Be Unnetworked
Creators: name: Packin, Nizan Geslevich
name: Lev-Aretz, Yafit
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2016

description: Tell me who your friends are and I will tell you who you are. This ancient social philosophy is at the heart of a new financial technology system—social credit. In recent years, loosely regulated marketplace lenders have increasingly developed methods to rank individuals, including those traditionally considered unscored or credit-less. Specifically, some lenders build their score-generating algorithms around behavioral data gleaned from social media and social networking information, including the quantity and quality of social media presence, the identity and features of the applicant’s contacts, the applicant’s online social ties and interactions, the applicant’s contacts’ financial standing, the applicant’s personality attributes as extracted from her online footprints, and more. This Article studies the potential consequences of social credit systems predicated on a simple transaction: authorized use of highly personal information in return for better interest rates. Following a detailed description of emerging social credit systems, the Article analyzes the inclination of rational and irrational customers to be socially active online and/or disclose all their online social-related information for financial ranking purposes. This examination includes, inter alia, consumers’ preferences as well as mistakes, gamesmanship, and consumers’ self-doxing or lack thereof. The Article then moves to discuss policy challenges triggered by social-based financial ranking that may become the new creditworthiness baseline criteria. It focuses on (i) direct privacy harms to loan seekers, and derivative privacy harm to loan seekers’ online contacts or followers, (ii) online social segregation potentially mirrored by offline social polarization, and (iii) due process violations derived from algorithmic decision-making and unsupervised machine learning. The Article concludes by making a significant normative contribution, introducing a limited “right to be unnetworked,” to accommodate the welcomed aspects of social credit systems while mitigating many of their undesired consequences.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2016 No. 2
On the use of SRIM for calculating arc-dpa exposure
Creators: name: Mitsi, E.
name: Koutsomitis, K.
name: Apostolopoulos, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose two methods for evaluating athermal recombination corrected (arc) displacement damage parameters in ion irradiations employing the computer code SRIM (Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter). The first method consists of post-processing the detailed SRIM output for all simulated damage events and re-calculating according to the arc damage model. In the second method, an approximate empirical formula is devised which gives the average displacements in the arc damage model as a function of the corresponding quantity according to the standard Norgett-Robinson-Torrens model, which is readily obtained from SRIM.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Liver Infection Prediction Analysis using Machine Learning to Evaluate Analytical Performance in Neural Networks by Optimization Techniques
Creators: name: Deivendran, P.
name: Selvakanmani, S.
name: Jegadeesan, S.
name: Kumar, V. Vinoth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Liver infection is a common disease, which poses a great threat to human health, but there is still able to identify an optimal technique that can be used on large-level screening. This paper deals with ML algorithms using different data sets and predictive analyses. Therefore, machine ML can be utilized in different diseases for integrating a piece of pattern for visualization. This paper deals with various machine learning algorithms on different liver illness datasets to evaluate the analytical performance using different types of parameters and optimization techniques. The selected classification algorithms analyze the difference in results and find out the most excellent categorization models for liver disease. Machine learning optimization is the procedure of modifying hyperparameters in arrange to employ one of the optimization approaches to minimise the cost function. To set the hyperparameter, include a number of Phosphotase,Direct Billirubin, Protiens, Albumin and Albumin Globulin. Since it describes the difference linking the predictable parameter's true importance and the model's prediction, it is crucial to minimise the cost function.