cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 2 of Recovering genotypes and phenotypes using allele-specific genes
Creators: name: Gürsoy, Gamze
name: Lu, Nancy
name: Wagner, Sarah
name: Gerstein, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Supplementary Information for Recovering genotypes and phenotypes using allele-specific genes.
Arabic Diacritization through Full Morphological Tagging
Creators: name: Habash, Nizar Y.
name: Rambow, Owen C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We present a diacritization system for written Arabic which is based on a lexical resource. It combines a tagger and a lexeme language model. It improves on the best results reported in the literature.
Solving Unrestricted Dominance Graphs
Creators: name: Koller, Alexander
name: Thater, Stefan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We present the first ever algorithm for solving unrestricted dominance graphs. The algorithm extends existing polynomial solvers for restricted classes of dominance graphs, which are not sufficient to model newer theories of scope ambiguity. Using the new solver, these theories now have access to an efficient solver for the first time. The solver runs in cubic time; for those graph classes that could be solved in the past, the runtime is reduced to the same quadratic time that the most efficient previous solvers achieved.
Transfer of Learning for K-12 STEM Teachers: From the GEAR UP Engineering Camp Professional Learning Experience to the Classroom
Creators: name: Barlow, Ryan F.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2020

description: Because of the new Utah Science with Engineering Education (SEEd) standards, which are based on the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), Utah science teachers in K-12 schools are now being asked to incorporate engineering into their science classes. Many science teachers in the State of Utah do not have a background in engineering and have not received training in how to incorporate engineering into their classes. To help remedy this problem, six STEM teachers from the State of Utah, and one STEM teacher from Nevada, came to the campus of Utah State University in July 2019 to participate with a group of students in the GEAR UP Engineering Summer Camp. As a part of the camp, the teachers participated in engineering activities with the students and in engineering teaching workshops during the evenings of the camp. These workshops focused on the SEEd Standards, the Science and Engineering Practices outlined in those standards, and on one model of the Engineering Design Process. The teachers were given time during the evening workshops to create a series of lesson plans in which they would implement the Science and Engineering Practices (SEPs) with their own students. These workshops, along with the engineering activities, were intended to help the teachers to implement the SEEd Standards in their own classes.
At the end of the GEAR UP Engineering Camp, the participating teachers were interviewed regarding their experiences at the camp. During the semester following the camp, the teachers were observed teaching a part of the lesson that they had created during the workshops. A second interview was performed following the observed lesson that focused on what they had learned from the Engineering Camp experience that they had been able to implement in their classes.
The results of the first interview show that overall, the participating teachers had a good experience at the GEAR UP Engineering Camp and that they enjoyed the professional learning experience. The teachers did have some feedback in these interviews that will be implemented into the camp and the professional development workshops in the future. From the analysis of the observed lessons and the submitted lesson plans, it is clear that the participating teachers were able to incorporate engineering in their own STEM classes.
Compactification of the Heterotic Pure Spinor Superstring II
Creators: name: Chandia, Osvaldo
name: Linch, William D.
name: Vallilo, Brenno Carlini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study compactifications of the heterotic pure spinor superstring to six and four dimensions focusing on two simple Calabi-Yau orbifolds. We show that the correct spectrum can be reproduced only if, in the twisted sector, there remain exactly 5 and 2 pure spinor components untwisted, respectively. This naturally defines a "small" Hilbert space of untwisted variables. We point out that the cohomology of the reduced differential on this small Hilbert space can be used to describe the states in the untwisted sector, provided certain auxiliary constraints are defined. In dimension six, the mismatch between the number of pure spinor components in the small Hilbert space and the number of components of a six-dimensional pure spinor is interpreted as providing the projective measure on the analytic subspace (in the projective description) of harmonic superspace.
description: Title changed. Added one reference
Additional file 3 of Recovering genotypes and phenotypes using allele-specific genes
Creators: name: Gürsoy, Gamze
name: Lu, Nancy
name: Wagner, Sarah
name: Gerstein, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Number of individuals that are correctly identified using different methodologies and different auxiliary information.
Measuring Variability in Sentence Ordering for News Summarization
Creators: name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Madnani, Nitin
name: Passonneau, Rebecca
name: Ayan, Necip Fazil
name: Conroy, John M.
name: Dorr, Bonnie J.
name: O'Leary, Dianne P.
name: Schlesinger, Judith D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: The issue of sentence ordering is an important one for natural language tasks such as multi-document summarization, yet there has not been a quantitative exploration of the range of acceptable sentence orderings for short texts. We present results of a sentence reordering experiment with three experimental conditions. Our findings indicate a very high degree of variability in the orderings that the eighteen subjects produce. In addition, the variability of reorderings is significantly greater when the initial ordering seen by subjects is different from the original summary. We conclude that evaluation of sentence ordering should use multiple reference orderings. Our evaluation presents several metrics that might prove useful in assessing against multiple references. We conclude with a deeper set of questions: (a) what sorts of independent assessments of quality of the different reference orderings could be made and (b) whether a large enough test set would obviate the need for such independent means of quality assessment.
Multi-Step Object Re-Identification on Edge Devices: A Pipeline for Vehicle Re-Identification
Creators: name: Zutis, Tomass
name: Racinskis, Peteris
name: Bureka, Anzelika
name: Judvaitis, Janis
name: Arents, Janis
name: Greitans, Modris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: A presentation about article: "Multi-Step Object Re-Identification on Edge Devices: A Pipeline for Vehicle Re-Identification" that was submitted and presented in EEAI2024 conference. 

A method that leverages a multi-step process focused on extracting and using object features for object re-identification is described. The proposed pipeline includes steps such as: detecting an object, converting its features into a vector embedding, storing this embedding in a vector database, and then querying the database to find the same or similar objects based on their feature embeddings. This approach allows for the identification of the same object across different images or cameras, even in varying locations, such as in Vehicle Re-Identification scenarios. For a process like Vehicle Re-identification implementing this process on edge devices becomes crucial. Therefore, ways to tailor the pipeline and its outputs for edge devices are outlined. The paper provides a detailed explanation of the pipeline’s structure along with the experimental setup demonstrating its application, particularly in vehicle re-identification. The pipeline achieves 70-80% re-identification precision when dealing with vehicle images from our network cameras and above 70% Rank-1 accuracy when dealing with a CityFlow video track scenario.
The Dove's Advantage: Impact of Gender and Conflict on Executive Approval
Creators: name: Gillespie, Micala H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2020

description: Do citizens evaluate female vs. male leaders’ foreign policy decisions differently? The number of countries that have had female leaders continues to expand, but little is known about how domestic audiences reward or punish female (relative to male) leaders for foreign policy choices. This study examines how the gender of a national leader conditions the relationship between their hawkish/dovish ideology and public approval for rapprochement policies in militarized interstate conflicts. Results from time-series cross-sectional data using multiple regression models with fixed effects from 31 countries and 127 leaders show that public approval tends to be lower for women leaders and that right-of-center women are particularly prone to public disapproval if they concede in international crises.
Emerging Works on Wireless Inductive Power Transfer: AUV Charging from Constant Current Distribution and Analysis of Controls in EV Dynamic Charging
Creators: name: Bagchi, Anindya Chitta
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2020

description: Wireless power transfer through inductive coupling, termed as inductive power transfer (IPT), is one of the important technologies in power electronics that enable transfer of power between entities without physical connections. While it has seen significant growth in the areas such as electric vehicle charging, phone charging and biomedical implants, its emerging applications include charging of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and dynamic charging of electric vehicles from the roadway. This dissertation addresses a few key challenges in these areas of IPT applications, paving the way for future developments.
For the WPT for AUV, the recently developing sea-bed installed marine systems are targeted, which typically gets power from on-shore sources through constant dc low-current distribution. As the present underwater IPT topologies are not suitable for such applications, this dissertation proposes underwater IPT topologies to interface directly with such constant current distribution and provide a constant voltage output supply to the on-board systems inside the AUVs. The considerations for seawater losses and the small-signal models for control purposes are also addressed. Analysis and experimental results are provided for validations of the analytical designs and models.
In the area of electric vehicle dynamic wireless power transfer (EV DWPT), the comparison of control performances of different coupler, compensation topologies and control implementations are addressed. The effect of communication latency on control bandwidth are also addressed. The outcomes are presented through analysis and simulations, and based on that future research recommendations are made to pave way for future commercial developments of well regulated and interoperable EV DWPT systems.
A Study in GPS-Denied Navigation Using Synthetic Aperture Radar
Creators: name: Lindstrom, Colton P.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2020

description: In modern navigation systems, GPS is vital to accurately piloting a vehicle. This is especially true in autonomous vehicles, such as UAVs, which have no pilot. Unfortunately, GPS signals can be easily jammed or spoofed. For example, canyons and urban cities create an environment where the sky is obstructed and make GPS signals unreliable. Additionally, hostile individuals can transmit personal signals intended to block or spoof GPS signals. In these situations, it is important to find a means of navigation that doesn’t rely on GPS.
Navigating without GPS means that other types of sensors or instruments must be used to replace the information lost from GPS. Some examples of additional sensors include cameras, altimeters, magnetometers, and radar. The work presented in this thesis shows how radar can be used to navigate without GPS. Specifically, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is used, which is a method of processing radar data to form images of a landscape similar to images captured using a camera.
SAR presents its own unique set of benefits and challenges. One major benefit of SAR is that it can produce images of an area even at night or through cloud cover. Additionally, SAR can image a wide swath of land at an angle that would be difficult for a camera to achieve. However, SAR is more computationally complex than other imaging sensors. Image quality is also highly dependent on the quality of navigation information available.
In general, SAR requires that good navigation data be had in order to form SAR images. The research here explores the reverse problem where SAR images are formed without good navigation data and then good navigation data is inferred from the images.
This thesis performs feasibility studies and real data implementations that show how SAR can be used in navigation without the presence of GPS. Derivations and background materials are provided. Validation methods and additional discussions are provided on the results of each portion of research.
Non-Standard Neutrino Propagation and Pion Decay
Creators: name: Mannarelli, Massimo
name: Mitra, Manimala
name: Villante, Francesco Lorenzo
name: Vissani, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the findings of the OPERA experiment, we discuss the hypothesis that neutrino propagation does not obey Einstein special relativity. Under a minimal set of modifications of the standard model Lagrangian, we consider the implications of non standard neutrino propagation on the description of neutrino interactions and, specifically, on the pion decay processes. We show that all the different dispersion relations which have been proposed so far to explain OPERA results, imply huge departures from the standard expectations. The decay channel $π^+ \to e^+ ν_{\rm e}$ becomes significantly larger than in the standard scenario, and may even dominate over $π^+ \to μ^+ ν_{\rm μ}$. Moreover, the spectral distribution of neutrinos produced in the decay processes and the probability that a pion decays in flight in neutrinos show large deviations from the standard results.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, version accepted in JHEP
Deep Q Learning Applied to Stock Trading
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Agnibh
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2020

description: Developing a strategy for stock trading is a vital task for investors. However, it is challenging to obtain an optimal strategy, given the complex and dynamic nature of the stock market. This thesis aims to explore the applications of Reinforcement Learning with the goal of maximizing returns from market investment, keeping in mind the human aspect of trading by utilizing stock prices represented as candlestick graphs. Furthermore, the algorithm studies public interest patterns in form of graphs extracted from Google Trends to make predictions. Deep Q learning has been used to train an agent based on fused images of stock data and Google trends data via a convolution neural network (CNN).
Gauge Coupling Beta Functions in the Standard Model to Three Loops
Creators: name: Mihaila, Luminita N.
name: Salomon, Jens
name: Steinhauser, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we compute the three-loop corrections to the beta functions of the three gauge couplings in the Standard Model of particle physics using the minimal subtraction scheme and taking into account Yukawa and Higgs self couplings.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, v2: minor changes, references added
On the Role of Context and Prosody in the Interpretation of ‘Okay’
Creators: name: Hirschberg, Julia Bell
name: Gravano, Agustin
name: Benus, Stefan
name: Chavez, Hector
name: Wilcox, Lauren
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information technology
subject: Computer science
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: We examine the effect of contextual and acoustic cues in the disambiguation of three discourse-pragmatic functions of the word okay. Results of a perception study show that contextual cues are stronger predictors of discourse function than acoustic cues. However, acoustic features capturing the pitch excursion at the right edge of okay feature prominently in disambiguation, whether other contextual cues are present or not.
Sentence Generation as a Planning Problem
Creators: name: Koller, Alexander
name: Stone, Matthew
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: In this paper, we translate sentence generation from TAG grammars with semantic and pragmatic information into a planning problem by encoding the contribution of each word declaratively and explicitly. This allows us to tap into the recent performance improvements in off-the-shelf planners. It also opens up new perspectives on referring expression generation and the relationship between language and action.
Two more solutions for the parafermionic chiral algebra Z_{3} with the dimension of the principal parafermionic fields, psi(z), psi^{+}(z), Delta_{psi}=8/3
Creators: name: Dotsenko, Vladimir S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, which is the second one in a series of two papers, we shall present two more solutions, non-minimal ones, for the Z_{3} parafermionic chiral algebra with Delta_{psi}=Delta_{psi^{+}}=8/3, psi(z), psi^{+}(z) being the principal parafermionic fields.
description: 32 pages
Additional file 1 of Testing front-of-package warnings to discourage red meat consumption: a randomized experiment with US meat consumers
Creators: name: Taillie, Lindsey Smith
name: Chauvenet, Christina
name: Grummon, Anna H.
name: Hall, Marissa G.
name: Waterlander, Wilma
name: Prestemon, Carmen E.
name: Jaacks, Lindsay M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix A. Sample red meat products from second experiment. Table S1. Selection of Steak Burrito as the Preferred Item Predicted by Viewing a Warning and Red Meat Consumption. Table S2. Selection of Steak Burrito as the Preferred Item Predicted by Viewing a Warning and Belief in Climate Change. Figure S1. Health Warning Identified as Most Discouraging Red Meat Consumption by Participants Exposed to Health Warnings (n = 803). Figure S2. Environmental Warning Identified as Most Discouraging Red Meat Consumption by Participants Exposed to Environment Warnings (n = 811). Appendix B. Codebook. Appendix C. CONSORT 2010 Checklist.
Additional file 4 of Recovering genotypes and phenotypes using allele-specific genes
Creators: name: Gürsoy, Gamze
name: Lu, Nancy
name: Wagner, Sarah
name: Gerstein, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S3. a) Distribution of the number of ASE genes used for correctly identified individuals (in blue) and for misidentified individuals (in orange). b) Same as (a), but the genes are weighted by their length. c) Distribution of number of candidate SNPs inferred for correctly identified individuals (in blue) and for mis-identified individuals (in orange).
Lexicalized Markov Grammars for Sentence Compression
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Galley, Michel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We present a sentence compression system based on synchronous context-free grammars (SCFG), following the successful noisy-channel approach of (Knight and Marcu, 2000). We define a headdriven Markovization formulation of SCFG deletion rules, which allows us to lexicalize probabilities of constituent deletions. We also use a robust approach for tree-to-tree alignment between arbitrary document-abstract parallel corpora, which lets us train lexicalized models with much more data than previous approaches relying exclusively on scarcely available document-compression corpora. Finally, we evaluate different Markovized models, and find that our selected best model is one that exploits head-modifier bilexicalization to accurately distinguish adjuncts from complements, and that produces sentences that were judged more grammatical than those generated by previous work.
Change management with building information modeling : a case study
Creators: name: Behzad, Pilehchianlangroodi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Successful management of design changes is critical for the efficient delivery of construction projects. Building Information Models (BIM) and the use of parametric modeling provide significant benefits in coordinating changes across different views in a model. However, coordinating changes across several discipline-specific models is significantly more challenging to manage. In this thesis, I present a case study that used observation-based empirical research methods to investigate current practices and the requirements of practitioners in conducting change management during the design and construction of a building project. The case study examines change management in the context of a multi-disciplinary collaborative BIM environment during the design and construction of a fast-track project. I documented the design changes, analyzed the change management processes and evaluated existing BIM tools in support of this process. Using examples from the case study, I identified the characteristics of design changes required for tracking the history of changes and understanding the consequences of changes. I developed an ontology of changes based on the identified characteristics and patterns in the observed changes. The ontology characterizes design changes based on changed component attributes (the geometry, position, and specification), dependencies between components (analytical and spatial), level of changes (conceptual, primary and secondary), timing of changes (design, procurement or construction stages) and time and cost impacts of changes. Based on the developed ontology, I further categorized numerous examples of changes encountered throughout the design and construction of the building in a taxonomy of changes. I then proposed a computational approach for tracking the consequence of changes in an information model. This research provides a common understanding of design change characteristics for practitioners who develop or utilize BIM tools for managing changes. The results of this study provide some possible directions for future developments in change management systems, particularly in reference to a BIM-based delivery process. Additional research is needed to implement and test these characteristics in a decision support system, and to analyze different types of changes across different types of projects.
Atomökonomische Transformationen von Propargylalkoholen durch Ruthenium-katalysierte Kaskadenreaktionen und Eintopfprozesse
Creators: name: Jäckel, Elisabeth Maria
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemische Reaktionstechnik
subject: 547

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt das beachtliche Potential der im Arbeitskreis entwickelten Ruthenium-Cyclopentadienonkomplexe in Hinblick auf die Katalyse wertvoller Kaskadentransformationen. Das beeindruckende Produktportfolio wird um neue Beispiele sowie um neue Substanzklassen erweitert. Im ersten Teil wird der Katalysator genutzt, um diverse komplexe Grundstrukturen aufzubauen. Dazu werden bereits bekannte Mechanismen auf neue Substrate angewendet sowie neuartige Transformationen erforscht. Die katalysierten Reaktionskaskaden werden um diverse Folgeschritte erweitert, um die molekulare Komplexizität zu erhöhen. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Umsetzung terpenoider Propargylalkohole sowie von Phloroglucinolderivaten. Hybridverbindungen aus beiden können relevante Leitstrukturen für Wirkstoffe darstellen. Darauffolgend werden verschiedene Methoden vorgestellt, um die Grundstrukturen aus dem ersten Teil in Eintopfprozessen zu natur- und wirkstoffabgeleiteten Substanzen umzusetzen. Aus denselben Verbindungen werden durch geringfügige Variation der Reaktionsbedingungen sowohl komplexe Produkte der Diels-Alder-Reaktion mit einem Spirozentrum, als auch hochsubstituierte Norbornenderivate hergestellt.
description: In this thesis the striking potential of the ruthenium cyclopentadieneone complexes developed in the Haak group is shown. A broad range of valuable cascade transformations is catalysed. The impressive amount of products is extended even more by new compounds and further groups of substances. The first chapter contains the catalytic conversion of new substrates in known and previously unknown transformations leading to complex scaffolds. Those are followed by simple reactions to enhance the molecular complexity. The conversion of propargyl alcohols derived from terpenes and of phloroglucinol derivatives equals the main focus of this part. Hybrid compounds based on these substances can be considered as potential lead structures for active pharmaceutical ingredients. Several methods to transform the basic structures from the first part into substances derived from natural and biologically active products are presented thereafter. Complex Diels-Alder products with a spiro center as well as highly substituted norbornene derivatives are obtained from the same starting materials by minor variation of reaction conditions.
Relating dominance formalisms
Creators: name: Rambow, Owen C.
name: Koller, Alexander
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We establish for the first time a formal relationship between dominance graphs, used for modeling semantics, and grammar formalisms with underspecified dominance links, used for modeling syntax. We present a translation of normal dominance graphs into Unordered Vector Grammars with Dominance Links (UVG-DL) and prove that the configurations of the dominance graph correspond to the derivation trees of the grammar. Moreover, the standard algorithms for both formalisms compute isomorphic charts.
Leveraging Extractive Industry Infrastructure Investments for Broad Economic Development: Regulatory, Commercial and Operational Models for Railways and Ports
Creators: name: Toledano, Perrine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Economics
Regional planning

description: Since early 2010, the Vale Columbia Center on Sustainable International Investment (VCC) has been tackling the challenge of using extractive resources to propel sustainable development for resource-rich but cash-poor countries. A joint center of the Earth Institute and Columbia Law School, the VCC brings law, economics, environment and development practice perspectives together for a holistic and interdisciplinary view to this persistent challenge. The project for this working paper, arose out of VCC work performed in Mozambique that identified the potential for and limitations of leveraging extractive industry investments for regional economic development and diversification.
Additional file 5 of Recovering genotypes and phenotypes using allele-specific genes
Creators: name: Gürsoy, Gamze
name: Lu, Nancy
name: Wagner, Sarah
name: Gerstein, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S4. Examples of entropy-based matching for a correctly identified individual (HG00276) and mis-identified individual (NA20513).
The Ideology of the John Birch Society
Creators: name: Peterson, Max P.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1966

description: This study is designed to examine and evaluate the basic beliefs and actions of the John Birch Society. It is not intended to determine the proper location for the Society on the American political spectrum, but to merely represent an opinion. An objective approach is intended, but the conclusion expresses a point of view, which, I hope, is clear and consistent enough to allow those who may disagree to take issue.
Classification of Discourse Functions of Affirmative Words in Spoken Dialogue
Creators: name: Hirschberg, Julia Bell
name: Gravano, Agustin
name: Benus, Stefan
name: Mitchell, Shira
name: Vovsha, Ilia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information technology
subject: Computer science
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: We present results of a series of machine learning experiments that address the classification of the discourse function of single affirmative cue words such as alright, okay and mm-hm in a spoken dialogue corpus. We suggest that a simple discourse/sentential distinction is not sufficient for such words and propose two additional classification sub-tasks: identifying (a) whether such words convey acknowledgment or agreement, and (b) whether they cue the beginning or end of a discourse segment. We also study the classification of each individual word into its most common discourse functions. We show that models based on contextual features extracted from the time-aligned transcripts approach the error rate of trained human aligners.
Intonational Overload: Uses of the Downstepped (H* !H* L- L%) Contour in Read and Spontaneous Speech
Creators: name: Hirschberg, Julia Bell
name: Gravano, Agustin
name: Nenkova, Ani
name: Sneed, Elisa
name: Ward, Gregory
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: Intonational contours are overloaded, conveying different meanings in different contexts. In this paper we examine two potential uses of the downstepped contours in Standard American English, in the Boston Directions Corpus of read and spontaneous speech. We investigate speakers ’ use of these contours in conveying discourse topic structure and in signaling given vs. new information and discuss the possible relationship between these two functions.
MTBE gas phase diffusion in subsurface soil : influence of soil water, clay and organic content
Creators: name: Baradaran Ghavami, Seyedmohammad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have adverse effects on human health upon short- and long-term exposure, causing allergy and asthma in adults and respiratory problems and immune system disorders in children. The most important mechanisms responsible for VOC migration and deposition in soil include diffusion, advection, adsorption, biodegradation and chemical reaction. MTBE (Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether), a very common VOC, detected in groundwater near landfills and hazardous waste dumps, can cause cancer in humans. Due to its specific physical and chemical properties such as high volatility, high water solubility, not much adsorptivity on soil particle and biodegradability, it is very mobile in the environment. The objectives of this research were to design and build a diffusivity apparatus, determine gas-phase diffusion of MTBE in soil, and investigate major factors affecting the effective diffusivity of MTBE such as particle size distribution, soil water and organic carbon content. Previously, sorbents and reservoir-based soil columns have been used to determine soil diffusion. A novel apparatus was designed which can overcome the limitations of conventional designs. Special features of the design include a three-segment body design stainless steel column and a very accurate humidity adjustment system, with humidity sensors at the inflow and outflow, giving the ability to determine the effective diffusivity of MTBE in soil more accurately and easily. Soil samples in this study were at 0 to 80% saturation, with 0 to 15% clay content (Kaolinite) and 0 to 15% organic content. They were compacted in a developed stainless steel one-flow reservoir-based column to a dry density of 1.6 to 1.7 g/cm³. Effective diffusivities were calculated based on Fick’s first law. Overall MTBE effective diffusivities ranged from 0.0004 to 0.003 cm²/s. The results demonstrate that higher water content of soil resulted in lower effective diffusivities. Increasing clay content of soil resulted in longer equilibrium time and lower effective diffusivity values. Variations of soil particle size had less effect on the effective diffusivity than changes in water content. It was also discovered that the organic content of soil has a significant capacity for adsorbing MTBE.
Land-Use Attitudes and Local Election Choice: Estimating Effects of Land-Use Attitudes on Municipal Electoral Choice
Creators: name: Dresher, Scott R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2020

description: Predicting voter behavior is a difficult task, however there are factors that suggest which candidates will be more successful. This study examined some factors that predict voter behavior in local elections and asks if local land-use authority can be a factor in predicting vote choice. Using survey responses collected from a sample of college students, answers suggest that some factors more strongly influence voter behavior than others. An analysis of survey results suggests that candidate party affiliation alone or candidate land-use attitudes alone are individually significant influences on voter decision making. However, combining effects of candidate party affiliation and candidate land-use attitudes strongly suggests that party affiliation and partisan influence far outweighs land-use in influencing voter decision making. Results of this study demonstrate that while local land-use authority is an issue that influences elections, it pales in comparison to the influence of party affiliation and voter partisan preferences. This discovery is important to understanding local electoral behavior, and how partisanship can be a dominant factor even in non-partisan elections.
Aerosol emission in professional singing of classical music
Creators: name: Mürbe, Dirk
name: Kriegel, Martin
name: Lange, Julia
name: Rotheudt, Hansjörg
name: Fleischer, Mario
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: epidemiology
subject: medical research

description: In this study, emission rates of aerosols emitted by professional singers were measured with a laser particle counter under cleanroom conditions. The emission rates during singing varied between 753 and 6093 particles/sec with a median of 1537 particles/sec. Emission rates for singing were compared with data for breathing and speaking. Significantly higher emission rates were found for singing. The emission enhancements between singing and speaking were between 4.0 and 99.5 with a median of 17.4, largely due to higher sound pressure levels when singing. Further, significant effects of vocal loudness were found, whereas there were no significant differences between the investigated voice classifications. The present study supports the efforts to improve the risk management in cases of possible aerogenic virus transmission, especially for choir singing.
Boletín Fármacos: Políticas 2023; 26(4)
Creators: name: Salud y Fármacos
Publisher: name: Salud y Fármacos
Year: 2023
Subjects: Políticas de medicamentos
Políticas farmacéuticas
Políticas globales
América Latina
Europa
África
Estados Unidos y Canadá
Asia
Organismos internacionales
Covid

description: Boletín Fármacos es un boletín electrónico de la organización Salud y Fármacos (https://www.saludyfarmacos.org/) que se publica cuatro veces al año: febrero, mayo, agosto y noviembre.
El "Boletín Fármacos: Políticas" incluye información sobre evaluaciones de políticas de medicamentos, así como las políticas que están en discusión o que han adoptado diferentes países del mundo.
Este documento corresponde al 2023, Vol. 26, N°4.
Youth of Viet Nam Online: A Study of the Vietnamese Digital Landscape
Creators: name: Sinha, Akshay
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Information technology
Communication
Asians

description: This exploratory paper examines the role of technology in the lives of adolescents and young people living in Viet Nam. The current report is based on primary data collected in both urban and rural areas and secondary evidence gathered through a desk review of relevant literature. This report presents, first, in section one, an overview context of Viet Nam’s digital landscape; Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development in Viet Nam has flourished in the past five years, particularly with regard to mobile access and use, and leading in the region in Internet ownership and use, however with marginal pockets of digital divide within the country. Extensive research identified a number of characteristics unique to the Vietnamese digital landscape: most notably, there exists in Viet Nam a series of persistent digital divides based on socio-economics, geography and gender, as well as in ICT ownership, access, and use. Section two presents the hypothesis outlined in the paper. Section three presents the primary and secondary data research methodology and instruments. Section four investigates the results regarding the access and use of ICT tools and platforms by Vietnamese adolescents and young people, with urban children dominating use. With high access and use comes also a need for awareness of global opportunities and risk. This section also discusses the types of cyberbullying the young user faces and the higher vulnerability of the younger users. The study concludes with the assertion that as the opportunities associated with information and communication technologies rapidly expand for Vietnamese adolescents and young people, so too does the need to educate users on their safe and optimal use.
Effects of Interfacial Geometry on Laser Joining of Dissimilar NiTi to Stainless Steel Wires
Creators: name: Brandal, Grant Bjørn
name: Satoh, Gen
name: Yao, Y. Lawrence
name: Naveed, Syed
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biomedical engineering
Materials science

description: Joining of the dissimilar metal pair NiTi to stainless steel is of great interest for implantable biomedical applications. Formation of brittle intermetallic phases requires that the joining processes limit the amount of over-melting and mixing along the interface. Thus, laser joining is a preferred method due to its ability to precisely control heat input. This study explores a method of using a cup and cone interfacial geometry, with no filler material, to increase the tensile strength of the joint. Not only does the cup and cone geometry increase the surface area of the interface, but it also introduces a shear component, which is shown to be beneficial to tensile strength of the wire as well. The fracture strength for various cone apex angles and laser powers is determined. Compositional profiles of the interfaces are analyzed. A numerical model is used for explanation of the processing.
Deep weathering in the semi-arid Coastal Cordillera, Chile
Creators: name: Krone, Laura V.
name: Hampl, Ferdinand J.
name: Schwerdhelm, Christopher
name: Bryce, Casey
name: Ganzert, Lars
name: Kitte, Axel
name: Übernickel, Kirstin
name: Dielforder, Armin
name: Aldaz, Santiago
name: Oses-Pedraza, Rómulo
name: Perez, Jeffrey Paulo H.
name: Sanchez-Alfaro, Pablo
name: Wagner, Dirk
name: Weckmann, Ute
name: Von Blanckenburg, Friedhelm
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften
subject: environmental sciences
subject: geochemistry

description: The weathering front is the boundary beneath Earth’s surface where pristine rock is converted into weathered rock. It is the base of the “critical zone”, in which the lithosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere interact. Typically, this front is located no more than 20 m deep in granitoid rock in humid climate zones. Its depth and the degree of rock weathering are commonly linked to oxygen transport and fluid flow. By drilling into fractured igneous rock in the semi-arid climate zone of the Coastal Cordillera in Chile we found multiple weathering fronts of which the deepest is 76 m beneath the surface. Rock is weathered to varying degrees, contains core stones, and strongly altered zones featuring intensive iron oxidation and high porosity. Geophysical borehole measurements and chemical weathering indicators reveal more intense weathering where fracturing is extensive, and porosity is higher than in bedrock. Only the top 10 m feature a continuous weathering gradient towards the surface. We suggest that tectonic preconditioning by fracturing provided transport pathways for oxygen to greater depths, inducing porosity by oxidation. Porosity was preserved throughout the weathering process, as secondary minerals were barely formed due to the low fluid flow.
Inside the In Search of Fearlessness Society of Alberta, 1995-99
Creators: name: Fisher, Robert M.
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2020
Subjects: fear, fearlessness, In Search of Fearlessness Research Institute, liberational technology, education

description: text as original form
description: The author, co-founder of In Search of Fearlessness (ISOF) Project, and following that Director of the In Search of Fearlessness Centre and Research Institute, provides an archival documentation summary of some of the dynamics inside the formation of the In Search of Fearlessness Society of Alberta during a crucial transition in 1995 that eventually led to some growth, but a slow deterioration of political-power dynamics in the Society and a rift that tore the organization apart. Of specially interest, is the authors views of Education in the ISOF Society and his future visioning of what would happening in the wide world in the next 20 years and how ISOF Society could respond to it. At this juncture of coronavirus pandemic in Spring of 2020, there are important parallels in the author's 1990's vision and in the times we are in.
Poverty Decline in India in the 1990's: A Reality and Not an Artifact
Creators: name: Sundaram, Krishnamurthy
name: Tendulkar, Suresh D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Economics

description: Doubts have been raised about the comparability of the size distributions and of the poverty measures based on them from the 50th (1993-94) and the 55th (1999-2000) rounds of Consumer Expenditure Surveys (CES) carried out by the National Sample Survey Organisation. We resolve the comparability problems (Section I) by using the unit level records of the 50th round of CES and those relating to consumer expenditure from the employment-unemployment survey (EUS) of the 55th round. In particular, we show that the estimated monthly per capita consumer expenditure (MPCE) from the 55th round of CES based on the 30-day recall have not been biased upwards (as maintained by the critics) by an alleged extrapolation by the respondents of their prior responses to questions on the 7-day recall (if the latter were canvassed first) and that therefore they are comparable to the (recalculated) ones from the 50th round estimates. Using comparable estimates of four measures of poverty and the Sen index at the all-India level (Section II), it is shown that poverty in India has declined in the 1990s in terms of all the five measures of poverty in rural India and in the country as a whole and in urban India on all the measures of poverty except the number of urban poor. Also, normalised for the length of the time interval and the base year levels of poverty measures, the average annual rate of reduction in poverty was higher in the last six years of the 1990s than that recorded during the ten and a half years period preceding 1993-94. This is so on all the five poverty measures and this difference is particularly significant in respect of the number of poor.
Are maintenance expert systems practical now?
Creators: name: Waldes, Peter
name: Lustgarten, Janet
name: Stolfo, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1985
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper examines the question of whether Artificial Intelligence expert system technology can be effectively applied to real world maintenance problems. Expert maintenance systems Installed to date are reviewed and the ACE (Automated Cable Expertise) knowledge-based expert system presently marketed by AT&T is described in detail. ACE provides timely trouble-shooting reports and management analyses (or telephone cable maintenance). Many design decisions faced during the construction of ACE were guided by experience gained In the development of previous expert systems. The most significant departure from "standard" expert system architectures, however, is ACE's use of a conventional data base management system as its primary source of Information Its primary sources of knowledge are the expert maintenance personnel, who previously were users of the database system I and prImers on maintenance analysis strategy The coupling of "data base" and "knowledge-base" demonstrates In a forceful way the manner In which an expert system can significantly enhance the throughput and quality of automatic maintenance support systems. Based on the success of these maintenance expert systems, explosive growth of knowledge-based expert maintenance programs is predicted. Forthcoming maintenance expert systems will assist In the repair of high capital cost equipment, for which down time is expensive or unacceptable, or for which competent repair personnel are In short supply.
Local well-posedness for the space-time Monopole equation in Lorenz gauge
Creators: name: Bournaveas, Nikolaos
name: Candy, Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is known from the work of Czubak that the space-time Monopole equation is locally well-posed in the Coulomb gauge for small initial data in $H^s(\mathbb{R}^2)$ for $s>1/4$. Here we prove local well-posedness for arbitrary initial data in $H^s(\mathbb{R^2})$ with $s>1/4$ in the Lorenz gauge.
description: To appear in NoDEA