cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Diffusion limited reactions in confined environments
Creators: name: Schmit, Jeremy D.
name: Kamber, Ercan
name: Kondev, Jané
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of confinement on diffusion limited bimolecular reactions within a lattice model where a small number of reactants diffuse amongst a much larger number of inert particles. When the number of inert particles is held constant the rate of the reaction is slow for small reaction volumes due to limited mobility from crowding, and for large reaction volumes due to the reduced concentration of the reactants. The reaction rate proceeds fastest at an intermediate confinement corresponding to volume fraction near 1/2 and 1/3 in two and three dimensions, respectively. We generalize the model to off-lattice systems with hydrodynamic coupling and predict that the optimal reaction rate for monodisperse colloidal systems occurs when the volume fraction is ~0.18. Finally, we discuss the application of our model to bimolecular reactions inside cells as well as the dynamics of confined polymers.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Adolescent providers’ knowledge of human papillomavirus vaccination age guidelines in five countries
Creators: name: De Sanjose, S.
name: Ramos, S.
name: Richter, K.
name: Topazian, H.M.
name: Di Bona, V.L.
name: Dizon, A.M.
name: Kim, C.J.
name: Smith, J.S.
name: Morgan, K.
name: Levitz, L.
Publisher: name: Taylor and Francis Inc.
Year: 2019

description: Purpose: To examine provider knowledge of HPV vaccination age guidelines in five countries. Methods: A total of 151 providers of adolescent vaccinations in Argentina, Malaysia, South Africa, South Korea, and Spain were interviewed between October 2013 and April 2014. Univariate analyses compared providers’ understanding of recommended age groups for HPV vaccination to that of each country’s national guidelines. Results: In three of five countries surveyed, most providers (97% South Africa, 95% Argentina, 87% Malaysia) included all nationally recommended ages in their target age group. However, a relatively large proportion of vaccinators in some countries (83% Malaysia, 55% Argentina) believed that HPV vaccination was recommended for women above age 26, far exceeding national guidelines, and beyond the maximum recommended age in the United States. National median minimum and maximum age recommendations cited by the respondents for HPV vaccination were 11 and 29 years in Argentina (national guideline: 11–14), 13 and 48 years in Malaysia (guideline 13–14), 8 and 14 years in South Africa (guideline 9–14), 10 and 20 years in South Korea (guideline 11–14), and 11 and 12 years in Spain (guideline 11–14). In all countries, a higher percentage of vaccinators included all nationally recommended ages for vaccination, as compared to providers who did not administer HPV vaccination. Conclusions: Overall, a substantial proportion of providers incorrectly reported their country’s age guidelines for HPV vaccination, particularly the upper age limit. As provider recommendation is among the strongest predictors of successful vaccination uptake among adolescents, improved education and clarification of national guidelines for providers administering HPV vaccination is essential to optimize prevention of infection and associated disease.
Neon, sulphur and argon abundances of planetary nebulae in the sub-solar metallicity Galactic anti-centre
Creators: name: Pagomenos, George J. S.
name: Bernard-Salas, Jeronimo
name: Pottasch, Stuart R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abundances derived from planetary nebula emission show the presence of a metallicity gradient within the disk of the Milky Way up to Galactocentric distances of ~10 kpc, which are consistent with findings from studies of different types of sources, including H II regions and young B-type stars. The radial dependence of these abundances further from the Galactic centre is in dispute. We aim to derive the abundances of neon, sulphur and argon from a sample of planetary nebulae towards the Galactic anti-centre, which represent the abundances of the clouds from which they were formed, as they remain unchanged throughout the course of stellar evolution. We then aim to compare these values with similarly analysed data from elsewhere in the Milky Way in order to observe whether the abundance gradient continues in the outskirts of our Galaxy. We have observed 23 planetary nebulae at Galactocentric distances of 8-21 kpc with Spitzer IRS. The abundances were calculated from infrared emission lines, for which we observed the main ionisation states of neon, sulphur, and argon, which are little affected by extinction and uncertainties in temperature measurements or fluctuations within the planetary nebula. We have complemented these observations with others from optical studies in the literature, in order to reduce or avoid the need for ionisation correction factors in abundance calculations. The overall abundances of our sample of planetary nebulae in the Galactic anti-centre are lower than those in the solar neighbourhood. The abundances of neon, sulphur, and argon from these stars are consistent with a metallicity gradient from the solar neighbourhood up to Galactocentric distances of ~20 kpc, albeit with varying degrees of dispersion within the data.
description: 17 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
Locating Internet bottlenecks : algorithms, measurements, and implications
Creators: name: Ningning  Hu
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "The ability to locate network bottlenecks along end-to-end paths on the Internet is of great interest to both network operators and researchers. For example, knowing where bottleneck links are, network operators can apply traffic engineering either at the interdomain or intradomain level to improve routing. Existing bandwith measurement tools fail to identify the location of bottleneck links. In addition, they often require access to both end points and generate huge amount [sic] of probing packets. These drawbacks make them impractical. In this paper, we present a novel light-weight, single-end active probing tool -- Pathneck -- based [sic] a novel probing technique called Recursive Packet Train (RPT), which allows end users to efficiently and accurately locate bottleneck points to destinations on the Internet. We evaluate Pathneck using trace-driven emulations and wide area Internet experiments. In addition, we conduct extensive measurements on the Internet among carefully selected, geographically diverse probing sources and destinations to study Internet bottleneck properties. We find that Pathneck can successfully detect bottlenecks for over 70% of paths, and most of the bottlenecks are fairly stable. We also report our success on bottleneck inference, using multihoming and overlay routing to avoid bottlenecks based on the bottleneck link location and bandwidth estimation provided by Pathneck."
Pharmacist insights into adolescent human papillomavirus vaccination provision in the United States
Creators: name: Smith, J.S.
name: Smith, S.B.
name: Kepka, D.
name: Kunwar, M.
name: Gruber, J.F.
name: Brewer, N.T.
name: Rothholz, M.C.
name: Islam, J.Y.
Publisher: name: Taylor and Francis Inc.
Year: 2019

description: HPV vaccination coverage in the United States (US) falls short of the Healthy People 2020 goal of 80% coverage among 13–15 year-old adolescents. Pharmacies are a promising alternative vaccine delivery site that may increase access to HPV vaccination. Our objective was to assess pharmacists’ insights into HPV vaccination provision to adolescents. We recruited 40 licensed pharmacists in eight states with different pharmacy vaccination laws: Alabama, California, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Tennessee, Texas, and Washington. Eligible pharmacists either previously provided or were currently providing HPV, tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis, or meningococcal vaccines to adolescents aged 9–17 years. Pharmacists were administered a semi-structured survey to explore insights into HPV vaccination provision. Forty-five percent of surveyed pharmacies offered HPV vaccination to adolescents. Pharmacists’ reported challenges to providing HPV vaccination were parental consent (28%), tracking and patient recall (17%), perceived stigma of vaccination (17%), and education about or promotion of vaccination (17%). Pharmacists offering HPV vaccination sent patient reminders for vaccines with multiple doses (89%) and utilized telephone reminders (72%). Pharmacists informed patients’ primary care providers of HPV vaccination doses most commonly through fax (72%) and updating electronic medical records (22%). One-third of pharmacists reported vaccination provision using the state immunization information system (IIS). Seventy-five percent reported vaccination rates could be increased at their respective pharmacy. Pharmacies are underutilized, although highly accessible, for HPV vaccination in the US. National efforts should expand educational programs to improve public awareness of in-pharmacy HPV vaccination, and improve the utilization of state IIS for reporting immunization coverage of adolescents by pharmacists.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0108v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0108v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0108v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
On the sharp constant in "magnetic" 1D embedding theorem
Creators: name: Nazarov, A. I.
name: Scheglova, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J05, 34K13, 26A06

description: We study the sharp constant in the embedding theorem $H^1(0,2π)\to L_q(0,2π)$ in the case where the norm in $H^1(0,2π)$ is defined via the energy of a 1D magnetic Schrödinger operator.
description: 7 pages
First-principles study of the lattice and electronic structures of TbMn$_2$O$_5$
Creators: name: Wang, Chenjie
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: He, Lixin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural, electronic and lattice dielectric properties of multiferroic TbMn$_2$O$_5$ are investigated using density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). We use collinear spin approximations and ignore the spin-orbit coupling. The calculated structural parameters are in excellent agreement with the experiments. We confirm that the ground state structure of TbMn$_2$O$_5$ is of space group $Pb2_1m$, allowing polarizations along the b-axis. The spontaneous electric polarization is calculated to be 1187 $nC\cdot$cm$^{-2}$. The calculated zone-center optical phonons frequencies and the oscillator strengths of IR phonons agree very well with the experimental values. We then derive an effective Hamiltonian to explain the magnetically-induced ferroelectricity in this compound. Our results strongly suggest that the ferroelectricity in TbMn$_2$O$_5$ is driven by the magnetic ordering that breaks the the inversion symmetry, without invoking the spin-orbit coupling.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Gammalike mass distributions and mass fluctuations in conserved-mass transport processes
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Sayani
name: Pradhan, Punyabrata
name: Mohanty, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, in conserved-mass transport processes, the steady-state distribution of mass in a subsystem is uniquely determined from the functional dependence of variance of the subsystem mass on its mean, provided that joint mass distribution of subsystems is factorized in the thermodynamic limit. The factorization condition is not too restrictive as it would hold in systems with short-ranged spatial correlations. To demonstrate the result, we revisit a broad class of mass transport models and its generic variants, and show that the variance of subsystem mass in these models is proportional to square of its mean. This particular functional form of the variance constrains the subsystem mass distribution to be a gamma distribution irrespective of the dynamical rules.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Lettre de Jean-François Nicolas à Jean-François Séguier, 1780-06-03
Creators: name: Nicolas, Jean-François
name: Jean-François Nicolas
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: Santé

description: [transcription] [Nicolas]

Monsieur et très cher confrère

J'ai éprouvé une sensation bien agréable lorsque votre lettre m'a été remise: et j'apprens avec une joie inexprimable que vous êtes conservé à vos amis et à la Société à laquelle vous êtes cher. Recevez à cet égard mon compliment, et soyez assuré que personne ne désire plus que moi votre rétablissement. Les lettres étoient alarmées, je partageais leur inquiétude: et j'avais prié le fils de mes parents de Caveirac d'écrire et de savoir au juste quelle était votre situation. M. Binelly a pris aussi toute la part possible à l'heureuse terminaison de votre maladie; de grâce, mon cher confrère, conservez vous et vivez pour nous instruire.

Le caisson d'histoire naturelle a été remis au voiturier que vous m'avez envoyé. Tout a été étiqueté et enveloppé selon vos désirs. Je ne connois pas d'homme plus exact pour les étiquettes que M. Binelly; rien n'échappe à sa nomenclature minéralogique. Nous espérons être plus riches dans la suite et de faire quelque chose de mieux.

Comme notre intendant va arriver de Paris, et que je suis en état de parcourir la Province pour voir nos eaux minérales et de remplir les autres devoirs de ma place, il pourroit bien se faire [v] que j'eusse M. Binelly pour compagnon et que nous accomplissions le projet que nous avons formé d'aller vous rendre nos devoirs. c'est un voyage bien désiré.

Rappelez moi, je vous prie, dans le souvenir du savant M. Razoux, et veuillez m'aimer en raison du vif et inviolable attachement avec lequel je serai toute ma vie

Monsieur et très cher confrère

Votre très humble et très obéissant serviteur

Nicolas

Med. Reg.

Grenoble le 3 juin 1780
description: [personnes citées] Binelli, famille de Caveirac, Jean Razoux
description: Source: [lieu de Conservation] Grenoble, Bibliothèque municipale [cote]ms. 6210, lettre 19
Facilitators and barriers to traditional medicine use among cancer patients in Malawi
Creators: name: Seguin, R.
name: Smith, J.S.
name: Hill, J.
name: Chikasema, M.
name: Gopal, S.
name: Phanga, T.
name: Manda, A.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2019

description: Background Increasing access to conventional cancer treatment (CT) in low-income countries (LICs) is an important public health initiative to address the global burden of cancer. However, LICs have a high prevalence of use of traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM). It is important to consider the factors that influence a patient’s choice to use T&CM, CT, or both for their cancer treatment. Methods We conducted focus groups among adult cancer patients in Lilongwe, Malawi to identify facilitators and barriers of T&CM use. Focus groups were recorded, transcribed, translated, and underwent thematic content analysis. Results Cultural norms, T&CM access, T&CM success, and CT failure were all identified as facilitators to T&CM use. CT success and T&CM failure were identified as barriers. Access and norms appear to determine initial treatment selection, while treatment outcomes dictate continued use of T&CM or CT. Conclusion This study identified a pragmatic and experience-based treatment selection process that aligns with the social cognitive theory of behavior and assists in comprehending the factors that influence T&CM use among cancer patients in a low resource setting.
High-precision measurements and theoretical calculations of indium excited-state polarizabilities
Creators: name: Vilas, N. B.
name: Wang, B. -Y.
name: Rupasinghe, P. M.
name: Maser, D. L.
name: Safronova, M. S.
name: Safronova, U. I.
name: Majumder, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the $^{115}$In $7p_{1/2}$ and $7p_{3/2}$ scalar and tensor polarizabilities using two-step diode laser spectroscopy in an atomic beam. The scalar polarizabilities are one to two orders of magnitude larger than for lower lying indium states due to the close proximity of the $7p$ and $6d$ states. For the scalar polarizabilities, we find values (in atomic units) of $1.811(4) \times 10^5$ $a_0^3$ and $2.876(6) \times 10^5$ $a_0^3$ for the $7p_{1/2}$ and $7p_{3/2}$ states respectively. We estimate the smaller tensor polarizability component of the $7p_{3/2}$ state to be $-1.43(18) \times 10^4$ $a_0^3$. These measurements represent the first high-precision benchmarks of transition properties of such high excited states of trivalent atomic systems. We also present new ab initio calculations of these quantities and other In polarizabilities using two high-precision relativistic methods to make a global comparison of the accuracies of the two approaches. The precision of the experiment is sufficient to differentiate between the two theoretical methods as well as to allow precise determination of the indium $7p-6d$ matrix elements. The results obtained in this work are applicable to other heavier and more complicated systems, and provide much needed guidance for the development of even more precise theoretical approaches.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures corrected two typos in version 2
Recognizing Local and Global Structural Motifs at the Atomic Scale
Creators: name: Gasparotto, Piero
name: Meißner, Robert Horst
name: Ceriotti, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most of the current understanding of structure-property relations at the molecular and the supramolecular scales can be formulated in terms of the stability of and the interactions between a limited number of recurring structural motifs (e.g., H-bonds, coordination polyhedra, and protein secondary structure). Here we demonstrate an algorithm to automatically recognize such patterns, based on the identification of local maxima in the probability distributions observed in atomistic computer simulations, which is robust to the dimensionality and the sparsity of the reference atomistic data. We first discuss its main features, demonstrating some on artificial data sets, and then show how it can be applied to identify coordination environments in Lennard-Jones clusters and to recognize secondary-structure patterns in the simulation of an oligopeptide. To assess the applicability of this algorithm for motifs that involve several interdependent degrees of freedom, we also employ it to identify groups of conformers of the cluster and the polypeptide, considered in their entirety. The motifs identified by analyzing atomistic simulations can be used to interpret and rationalize the stability and behavior of the system at hand, and also as a tool to accelerate sampling, in association with biased molecular dynamics schemes.
Open clusters: their kinematics and metellicities
Creators: name: Chen, L.
name: Hou, J. L.
name: Zhao, J. L.
name: de Grijs, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review our work on Galactic open clusters in recent years, and introduce our proposed large program for the LOCS (LAMOST Open Cluster Survey). First, based on the most complete open clusters sample with metallicity, age and distance data as well as kinematic information, some preliminary statistical analysis regarding the spatial and metallicity distributions is presented. In particular, a radial abundance gradient of - 0.058$\pm$ 0.006 dex kpc$^{-1}$ was derived, and by dividing clusters into age groups we show that the disk abundance gradient was steeper in the past. Secondly, proper motions, membership probabilities, and velocity dispersions of stars in the regions of two very young open clusters are derived. Both clusters show clear evidence of mass segregation, which provides support for the ``primordial'' mass segregation scenarios. Based on the great advantages of the forthcoming LAMOST facility, we have proposed a detailed open cluster survey with LAMOST (the LOCS). The aim, feasibility, and the present development of the LOCS are briefly summarized.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Proceeding of IAU Symposium No.248: "A Giant Step:from Milli- to Micro-arcsecond Astrometry"
Impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection on subsequent cervical cancer screening completion among under-screened US women: MyBodyMyTest-3 protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Smith, J.S.
name: Spees, L.P.
name: Des Marais, A.C.
name: Wheeler, S.B.
name: Hudgens, M.G.
name: Brewer, N.T.
name: Doughty, S.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2019

description: Background: Screening substantially reduces cervical cancer incidence and mortality. More than half of invasive cervical cancers are attributable to infrequent screening or not screening at all. The current study, My Body My Test (MBMT), evaluates the impact of mailed kits for self-collection of samples for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing on completion of cervical cancer screening in low-income, North Carolina women overdue for cervical cancer screening. Methods/design: The study will enroll at least 510 US women aged 25-64 years who report no Pap test in the last 4 years and no HPV test in the last 6 years. We will randomize participants to an intervention or control arm. The intervention arm will receive kits to self-collect a sample at home and mail it for HPV testing. In both the intervention and control arms, participants will receive assistance in scheduling an appointment for screening in clinic. Study staff will deliver HPV self-collection results by phone and assist in scheduling participants for screening in clinic. The primary outcome is completion of cervical cancer screening. Specifically, completion of screening will be defined as screening in clinic or receipt of negative HPV self-collection results. Women with HPV-negative self-collection results will be considered screening-complete. All other participants will be considered screening-complete if they obtain co-testing or Pap test screening at a study-affiliated institution or other clinic. We will assess whether the self-collection intervention influences participants' perceived risk of cervical cancer and whether perceived risk mediates the relationship between HPV self-collection results and subsequent screening in clinic. We also will estimate the incremental cost per woman screened of offering at-home HPV self-collection kits with scheduling assistance as compared to offering scheduling assistance alone. Discussion: If mailed self-collection of samples for HPV testing is an effective strategy for increasing cervical cancer screening among women overdue for screening, this method has the potential to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality in medically underserved women at higher risk of developing cervical cancer. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02651883, Registered on 11 January 2016.
Consistency of maximum likelihood estimation for some dynamical systems
Creators: name: McGoff, Kevin
name: Mukherjee, Sayan
name: Nobel, Andrew
name: Pillai, Natesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the asymptotic consistency of maximum likelihood parameter estimation for dynamical systems observed with noise. Under suitable conditions on the dynamical systems and the observations, we show that maximum likelihood parameter estimation is consistent. Our proof involves ideas from both information theory and dynamical systems. Furthermore, we show how some well-studied properties of dynamical systems imply the general statistical properties related to maximum likelihood estimation. Finally, we exhibit classical families of dynamical systems for which maximum likelihood estimation is consistent. Examples include shifts of finite type with Gibbs measures and Axiom A attractors with SRB measures.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOS1259 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Prevalence of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine use by cancer patients in low income and lower-middle income countries
Creators: name: Li, Q.
name: Smith, J.S.
name: Hill, J.
name: Mills, C.
Publisher: name: Routledge
Year: 2019

description: The use of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine (TCAM) for cancer may influence the delivery or effectiveness of conventional cancer treatment. In this systematic review, we aimed to (1) summarise the available prevalence data on traditional medicine use by cancer patients in less developed countries (LDCs), and (2) stratify the prevalence data by world region and country income level. A literature search for cancer, TCAM, and low income (LI) and lower-middle income (LMI) countries was conducted across 5 databases. A total of 2,365 publications were reviewed for eligibility, of which 25 studies met inclusion criteria. The combined sample size was 6,878 cancer patients, with a median of 54.5% reporting the use of TCAM for cancer care. Of the studies providing data on the concomitant use of TCAM and conventional cancer treatment (n = 4,872 cancer patients), a median of 26.7% of participants reported combining the two systems of medicine. From the data available, it is apparent that TCAM use among cancer patients in less developed countries is common; however, additional studies are needed to support the safe and effective management of cancer for patients in LI and LMI countries.
Exponentially convergent data assimilation algorithm for Navier-Stokes equations
Creators: name: Frank, Jason
name: Tchrakian, Tigran
name: Zhuk, Sergiy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents a new state estimation algorithm for a bilinear equation representing the Fourier- Galerkin (FG) approximation of the Navier-Stokes (NS) equations on a torus in R2. This state equation is subject to uncertain but bounded noise in the input (Kolmogorov forcing) and initial conditions, and its output is incomplete and contains bounded noise. The algorithm designs a time-dependent gain such that the estimation error converges to zero exponentially. The sufficient condition for the existence of the gain are formulated in the form of algebraic Riccati equations. To demonstrate the results we apply the proposed algorithm to the reconstruction a chaotic fluid flow from incomplete and noisy data.
Defect-induced oxygen adsorption on graphene films
Creators: name: Li, Tianbai
name: Yarmoff, Jory A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although defects on graphene can degrade electron transport and its ability for use as a protection layer, they can also be helpful to tailor the local properties or activate new sites for particular adsorbates. Here, carbon vacancy defects are formed in graphene films on Ru(0001) using low energy Ar$^+$ bombardment and the materials are then reacted at room temperature with oxygen (O$_2$). Helium low energy ion scattering shows that no oxygen attaches to the intact graphene layer. When isolated single carbon vacancy defects are present, oxygen adsorbs molecularly at the defect sites and intercalates beneath the graphene overlayer after post-annealing at 600 K. When the defects are large enough to consist of open areas of bare substrate, the oxygen dissociatively chemisorbs to the Ru. This work shows that the adsorption depends on the size of the surface vacancies, and that it is important to have defect-free graphene when using it as a protection layer.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures
Localization and Navigation of the CoBots Over Long-term Deployments
Creators: name: Joydeep  Biswas
name: Veloso, Manuela M.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For the last three years, we have developed and researched multiple collaborative robots, CoBots, which have been autonomously traversing our multi-floor buildings. We pursue the goal of long-term autonomy for indoor service mobile robots as the ability for them to be deployed indefinitely while they perform tasks in an evolving environment. The CoBots include several levels of autonomy, and in this paper we focus on their localization and navigation algorithms. We present the Corrective Gradient Refinement (CGR) algorithm, which refines the proposal distribution of the particle filter used for localization with sensor observations using analytically computed state space derivatives on a vector map. We also present the Fast Sampling Plane Filtering algorithm that extracts planar regions from depth images in real time. These planar regions are then projected onto the 2D vector map of the building, and along with the laser rangefinder observations, used with CGR for localization. For navigation, we present a hierarchical planner, which computes a topological policy using a graph representation of the environment, computes motion commands based on the topological policy, and then modifies the motion commands to side-step perceived obstacles. We started logging the deployments of the CoBots one and a half years ago, and have since collected logs of the CoBots traversing more than 130 km over 1082 deployments and a total run time of 182 h, which we publish as a dataset consisting of more than 10 million laser scans. The logs show that although there have been continuous changes in the environment, the robots are robust to most of them, and there exist only a few locations where changes in the environment cause increased uncertainty in localization.
Predictors of Cervical Cancer Screening among Infrequently Screened Women Completing Human Papillomavirus Self-Collection: My Body My Test-1
Creators: name: Richman, A.R.
name: Lea, C.S.
name: Des Marais, A.C.
name: Perez-Heydrich, C.
name: Brewer, N.T.
name: Barclay, L.
name: Smith, J.S.
Publisher: name: Mary Ann Liebert Inc.
Year: 2019

description: Background: Approximately one-half of cervical cancer cases in the United States occur in underscreened or never-screened women. We examined predictors to completing Papanicolaou (Pap) testing and whether a positive human papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection result affects Pap testing adherence among underscreened women. Materials and Methods: Low-income women aged 30-65 years who reported no Pap testing in ≥4 years were recruited in North Carolina. Knowledge, attitudes, and barriers regarding cervical cancer and Pap testing were assessed by telephone questionnaires. We mailed self-collection kits for HPV testing and provided information regarding where to obtain affordable Pap testing. Participants received $45 for completing all activities. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the predictors of longer reported time since last Pap (≥10 vs. 4-9 years) and of completion of Pap testing following study enrollment (follow-up Pap). Results: Participants (n = 230) were primarily black (55%), uninsured (64%), and with ≤high school education (59%). Cost and finding an affordable clinic were the most commonly reported barriers to screening. White women and those with ≤high school education reported longer intervals since last Pap test. Half of the participants reported completing a follow-up Pap test (55%). Women with a positive HPV self-collection were five times more likely to report completing a follow-up Pap test than those with negative self-collection (odds ratio = 5.1, 95% confidence interval 1.4-25.7). Conclusions: Improving awareness of resources for affordable screening could increase cervical cancer screening in underserved women. Home-based HPV self-collection represents an opportunity to re-engage infrequently screened women into preventive screening services.
Abelian-Higgs Phase of SU(2) QCD and Glueball Energy
Creators: name: Jia, Duojie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum type of type-II superconductor. This is done by using connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].
description: 11 pages, no figures. Submitted to HEP & HP
Cryptanalyzing a class of image encryption schemes based on Chinese Remainder Theorem
Creators: name: Li, Chengqing
name: Liu, Yuansheng
name: Zhang, Leo Yu
name: Wong, Kwok-wo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.3
subject: 97F60, 68P25

description: As a fundamental theorem in number theory, the Chinese Reminder Theorem (CRT) is widely used to construct cryptographic primitives. This paper investigates the security of a class of image encryption schemes based on CRT, referred to as CECRT. Making use of some properties of CRT, the equivalent secret key of CECRT can be recovered efficiently. The required number of pairs of chosen plaintext and the corresponding ciphertext is only $(1+\lceil (\log_2L)/l \rceil)$. The attack complexity is only $O(L)$, where $L$ is the plaintext length and $l$ is the number of bits representing a plaintext symbol. In addition, other defects of CECRT such as invalid compression function and low sensitivity to plaintext, are reported. The work in this paper will help clarify positive role of CRT in cryptology.
description: 7 pages
Relationship between human leukocyte antigen alleles and risk of Kaposi’s sarcoma in Cameroon
Creators: name: Gao, X.
name: Hemingway-Foday, J.J.
name: Morrison, B.J.
name: Carrington, M.
name: Miley, W.J.
name: Whitby, D.
name: Nelson, G.
name: Abassora, M.
name: Labo, N.
name: Clements, N.
name: Stolka, K.
name: Ndom, P.
name: Cornejo Castro, E.M.
name: Marshall, V.A.
name: Smith, J.S.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2019

description: Several studies published to date report associations between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and different types of Kaposi’s Sarcoma (KS). However, there is little concordance between the HLA alleles identified and the populations studied. To test whether HLA alleles associate with KS in a Cameroonian case–control study, we performed high-resolution HLA typing in KSHV seropositive individuals. Among HIV-positive individuals, carriers of HLA-B*14:01 were at a significantly higher risk of AIDS-KS (p = 0.033). For HIV-negative patients, a gene-wise comparison of allele frequencies identified the HLA-B (p = 0.008) and -DQA1 (p = 0.002) loci as possible risk factors for endemic KS. Our study provides additional understanding of genetic determinants of KS and their implications in disease pathogenesis. Further validation of these findings is needed to define the functional relevance of these associations.
Unveiling the inner morphology and gas kinematics of NGC 5135 with ALMA
Creators: name: Sabatini, G.
name: Gruppioni, C.
name: Massardi, M.
name: Giannetti, A.
name: Burkutean, S.
name: Cimatti, A.
name: Pozzi, F.
name: Talia, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85-02, 85-05

description: The local Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC5135, thanks to its almost face-on appearance, a bulge overdensity of stars, the presence of a large-scale bar, an AGN and a Supernova Remnant, is an excellent target to investigate the dynamics of inflows, outflows, star formation and AGN feedback. Here we present a reconstruction of the gas morphology and kinematics in the inner regions of this galaxy, based on the analysis of Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) archival data. To our purpose, we combine the available $\sim$100 pc resolution ALMA 1.3 and 0.45 mm observations of dust continuum emission, the spectroscopic maps of two transitions of the CO molecule (tracer of molecular mass in star forming and nuclear regions), and of the CS molecule (tracer of the dense star forming regions) with the outcome of the SED decomposition. By applying the $^{\rm 3D}$BAROLO software (3D-Based Analysis of Rotating Object via Line Observations), we have been able to fit the galaxy rotation curves reconstructing a 3D tilted-ring model of the disk. Most of the observed emitting features are described by our kinematic model. We also attempt an interpretation for the emission in few regions that the axisymmetric model fails to reproduce. The most relevant of these is a region at the northern edge of the inner bar, where multiple velocity components overlap, as a possible consequence of the expansion of a super-bubble.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, resubmitted to MNRAS after moderate revisions
Patterns of incident genital human papillomavirus infection in women: A literature review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Rositch, A.F.
name: Taylor, S.M.
name: Smith, J.S.
name: Wheeler, B.S.
name: Poole, C.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Ltd
Year: 2019

description: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection acquisition is a necessary step in the development of cervical cancer. No study has systematically quantified the rate of newly acquired HPV infections from the published literature and determined its relationship with age. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to describe incident HPV infections in women. Medline® and Thomson Reuters Web of Science via PubMed® databases were searched. A total of 46 of 5136 studies met inclusion criteria and contributed results. We conducted a meta-regression analysis of 13 studies, which reported incidence rate estimates on over 13 high-risk HPV types, to provide pooled stratum-specific incidence rates and rate ratios for key population and study characteristics among 8488 women. Studies with mean age < 30 years had relatively higher HPV incidence rates compared to studies with mean age ≥30 years: relative risk = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.41–6.93. HPV-16 was most frequently detected, followed by HPV-18: relative risk = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.33–0.67, and by HPV-58: relative risk = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.27–0.74. Younger age is a key predictor of genital HPV incidence in women. These data on the relative distribution of incident HPV infections will provide a baseline comparison for monitoring of changes in HPV incidence following the implementation of population-level HPV vaccination.
Exact axially symmetric galactic dynamos
Creators: name: Henriksen, R. N.
name: Woodfinden, A.
name: Irwin, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a selection of exact dynamos in axial symmetry on a galactic scale. These include some steady examples, at least one of which is wholly analytic in terms of simple functions and has been discussed elsewhere. Most solutions are found in terms of special functions, such as associated Lagrange or hypergeometric functions. They may be considered exact in the sense that they are known to any desired accuracy in principle. The new aspect developed here is to present scale invariant solutions with zero resistivity that are self-similar in time. The time dependence is either a power law or an exponential factor, but since the geometry of the solution is self-similar in time we do not need to fix a time to study it. Several examples are discussed. Our results demonstrate (without the need to invoke any other mechanisms) X-shaped magnetic fields and (axially symmetric) magnetic spiral arms (both of which are well observed and documented) and predict reversing rotation measures in galaxy halos (now observed in the CHANG-ES sample) as well as the fact that planar magnetic spirals are lifted into the galactic halo.
description: 23 double-spaced pages, 5 figures, accepted to MNRAS 23 Jan, 2018
Clinical Performance of Human Papillomavirus Testing and Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid in Primary, Combination, and Sequential Cervical Cancer Screening in China
Creators: name: Wang, M.Z.
name: Feng, R.-M.
name: Wang, S.
name: Mu, R.
name: Li, D.
name: Qiao, Y.
name: Smith, J.S.
name: Zhang, X.,
name: Duan, X.-Z.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2019

description: Background World Health Organization guidelines recommend screening with human papillomavirus (HPV) testing followed by either treatment of all HPV-positives, or by visual inspection (VIA) for triage to treatment, citing insufficient evidence to recommend either strategy over the other. Methods We assessed VIA and HPV testing individually, in combination (HPV-VIA cotesting), and as triage models. Three thousand women were screened in Inner Mongolia, China, concurrently with HPV testing and VIA in a real population setting. Screen-positive women underwent colposcopy, and biopsy, if indicated. Accuracy of screening algorithms for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher (CIN-2+) was calculated after controlling for verification bias. HPV testing followed by VIA triage for CIN-2+ detection was compared with Hybrid Capture 2 viral loads triage, measured in relative light units/cutoff. Results CIN-2+ prevalence was 1.0%. Corrected sensitivity, false negative rate, and specificity for CIN-2+, respectively, for primary HPV testing were 89.7%, 10.3%, and 83.3%; 44.8%, 55.2%, and 92·3% for VIA; 93.1%, 6.9%, and 80.2% for HPV-VIA cotesting; and 41.4%, 58.6, and 95.4% for HPV with VIA triage scenarios. Using relative light units/cutoff of 5 or greater to triage HPV-positive women had twice the sensitivity as VIA triage, with comparable specificity for CIN-2+. Conclusions When VIA performs relatively poorly and HPV testing is available, adding VIA to sequential (ie, HPV followed by VIA triage) or primary (HPV-VIA cotesting) screening does not significantly improve CIN-2+ detection beyond primary HPV screening alone. Sequential screening (ie, HPV followed by VIA triage) reduces sensitivity too low for population-based screening programs. The HPV viral loads could offer an alternative low-resource country triage strategy.
Viscotaxis: microswimmer navigation in viscosity gradients
Creators: name: Liebchen, Benno
name: Monderkamp, Paul
name: Hagen, Borge ten
name: Löwen, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The survival of many microorganisms, like \textit{Leptospira} or \textit{Spiroplasma} bacteria, can depend on their ability to navigate towards regions of favorable viscosity. While this ability, called viscotaxis, has been observed in several bacterial experiments, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we provide a framework to study viscotaxis of self-propelled swimmers in slowly varying viscosity fields and show that suitable body shapes create viscotaxis based on a systematic asymmetry of viscous forces acting on a microswimmer. Our results shed new light on viscotaxis in \textit{Spiroplasma} and \textit{Leptospira} and suggest that dynamic body shape changes exhibited by both types of microorganisms may have an unrecognized functionality: to prevent them from drifting to low viscosity regions where they swim poorly. The present theory classifies microswimmers regarding their ability to show viscotaxis and can be used to design synthetic viscotactic swimmers, e.g.\ for delivering drugs to a target region distinguished by viscosity.
On maximizers of convolution operators in $L_p$ spaces
Creators: name: Kalachev, Gleb
name: Sadov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 44A35, 49J99, 44A10, 41A44

description: A convolution operator in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with kernel in $L_q$ acts from $L_p$ to $L_s$, where $1/p+1/q=1+1/s$. The main theorem states that if $1
description: 43 pages, 3 figures
Prevalence and risk factors of trichomonas vaginalis among female sexual workers in Nairobi, Kenya
Creators: name: Gakure, H.
name: Mugo, N.
name: Patel, S.
name: Chitwa, M.
name: Kimani, J.
name: Kwatampora, J.
name: Ting, J.
name: Lockhart, A.
name: Senkomago, V.
name: Smith, J.S.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2019

description: Background Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) is the most common curable sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. Trichomonas vaginalis infection is associated with an increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, human immunodeficiency virus transmission, and preterm birth in women. Data on the prevalence and risk factors for TV infection in sub-Saharan African countries remain scarce. Methods A total of 350 Kenyan female sex workers, aged 18 to 50 years, participated in a 2-year longitudinal study of the acquisition of STIs, including TV infection. Every 3 months, cervical and vaginal brush samples were collected for STI testing. At baseline, a sociodemographic and behavior questionnaire was administered. Testing for TV, Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, and high-risk human papillomavirus was performed using APTIMA assays. Results The TV baseline prevalence was 9.2% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 6.3-12.7%) and 2-year cumulative TV incidence was 8.1 per 1000 person months (6.9-9.3). Risk factors for higher TV prevalence at baseline were CT infection (adjusted prevalence ratio [PR], 8.53; 95% CI, 3.35-21.71), human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity (PR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.45, 6.24) and greater than 4 years of sex work (PR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.07-6.60). Risk factors for elevated 2-year TV incidence were CT (hazard ratio [HR], 4.28; 95% CI, 1.36-13.50), high-risk human papillomavirus infection (HR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.06-3.45) and history of smoking (HR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.24-5.73). Discussion CT infection was positively associated with both prevalent and 2-year incident TV infections.