cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SMART-Plant_Decision support system for selecting the optimal WWTP configuration including resource recovery units
Creators: name: Živko Južnič-Zonta
name: Albert Guisasola,
name: Baeza, Juan Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: decision support system (DSS)
superstructure
optimization
PHA
struvite
EBPR

description: Abstract

 Purpose: The effort to upgrade urban WWTP into bio-refineries capable to recover and to produce valuable resources is hindered by the fact that technical, economic and environmental impact analyses are complex and time expensive. In the present work, we build a Decision Support System (DSS) that finds an optimal configuration of a WWTP given a set of resource recovery unit processes. Methods: For the case study, we consider seven innovative technologies that are tested in the frame of the SMART-Plant H2020 project (No.690323). These technologies are modelled and integrated inside a plant-wide model superstructure with the aid of Modelica and Python programming languages. Results: We present a novel framework for the design of WWTP under dynamic inflow conditions that depend on the local weather history, sewer characteristics and effluent limitations. The design is performed under a multi-criteria approach, where all the possible optimized WWTP-configurations given by the superstructure are sorted out based on economic, effluent quality and environmental impact criteria. Conclusions: The developed DSS will be used to advise the potential stakeholders on how to implement the SMART-Plant Technologies for their specific wastewater treatment problem.
Binding Energies and Vibrational Spectral Features of S$_n$ Species on Amorphous Water-ice Mantles: A Quantum Mechanical Study
Creators: name: Perrero, Jessica
name: Beitia-Antero, Leire
name: Fuente, Asunción
name: Ugliengo, Piero
name: Rimola, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the denser and colder regions of the interstellar medium (ISM), gas-phase sulfur is depleted by 2 or 3 orders of magnitude with respect to its cosmic abundance. Thus, which species are the main carriers of sulfur is an open question. Recent studies have proposed S$_n$ species as potential sulfur reservoirs. Among the various sulfur allotropes, the most stable one is the S$_8$ ring, detected in the asteroid Ryugu and Orgueil meteorite. Shorter species, namely S$_3$ and S$_4$, have been found in the comet 67P/C-G, but their presence in the ISM remains elusive. In this study, we compute the binding energies (BEs) of S$_n$ (n = 1-8) species on an amorphous water-ice surface model and analyze their infrared (IR) and Raman spectral features to provide data for their identification in the ISM. Our computations reveal that these species exhibit lower BEs than previously assumed and that their spectral features experience minimal shifts when adsorbed on water ice, because of the weak and nonspecific S$_n$-ice interactions. Furthermore, these species display very low IR band intensities and, therefore, very accurate instruments operating in the mid-IR range are required for detecting the presence of these species in dense interstellar environments.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, published in The Astrophysical Journal
Characterization of Anisotropic Gaussian Random Fields by Minkowski Tensors
Creators: name: Klatt, Michael Andreas
name: Hörmann, Max
name: Mecke, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gaussian random fields are among the most important models of amorphous spatial structures and appear across length scales in a variety of physical, biological, and geological applications, from composite materials to geospatial data. Anisotropy in such systems can sensitively and comprehensively be characterized by the so-called Minkowski tensors from integral geometry. Here, we analytically calculate the expected Minkowski tensors of arbitrary rank for the level sets of Gaussian random fields. The explicit expressions for interfacial Minkowski tensors are confirmed in detailed simulations. We demonstrate how the Minkowski tensors detect and characterize the anisotropy of the level sets, and we clarify which shape information is contained in the Minkowski tensors of different rank. Using an irreducible representation of the Minkowski tensors in the Euclidean plane, we show that higher-rank tensors indeed contain additional anisotropy information compared to a rank two tensor. Surprisingly, we can nevertheless predict this information from the second-rank tensor if we assume that the random field is Gaussian. This relation between tensors of different rank is independent of the details of the model. It is, therefore, useful for a null hypothesis test that detects non-Gaussianities in anisotropic random fields.
Premature mortality due to social and material deprivation in Nova Scotia, Canada
Creators: name: Saint-Jacques, Nathalie
name: Dewar, Ron
name: Cui, Yunsong
name: Parker, Louise
name: Dummer, Trevor J. B.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Introduction: Inequalities in health attributable to inequalities in society have long been recognized. Typically, those most privileged experience better health, regardless of universal access to health care. Associations between social and material deprivation and mortality from all causes of death— a measure of population health, have been described for some regions of Canada. This study further examines the link between deprivation and health, focusing on major causes of mortality for both rural and urban populations. In addition, it quantifies the burden of premature mortality attributable to social and material deprivation in a Canadian setting where health care is accessible to all. Methods: The study included 35,266 premature deaths (1995–2005), grouped into five causes and aggregated over census dissemination areas. Two indices of deprivation (social and material) were derived from six socioeconomic census variables. Premature mortality was modeled as a function of these deprivation indices using Poisson regression. Results: Premature mortality increased significantly with increasing levels of social and material deprivation. The impact of material deprivation on premature mortality was similar in urban and rural populations, whereas the impact of social deprivation was generally greater in rural populations. There were a doubling in premature mortality for those experiencing a combination of the most extreme levels of material and social deprivation. Conclusions: Socioeconomic deprivation is an important determinant of health equity and affects every segment of the population. Deprivation accounted for 40% of premature deaths. The 4.3% of the study population living in extreme levels of socioeconomic deprivation experienced a twofold increased risk of dying prematurely. Nationally, this inequitable risk could translate into a significant public health burden.
New tools for sleeper pest response under changing climatic and social contexts
Creators: name: Mason, Norman W.H.
name: Buddenhagen, Chris
name: Kean, John
name: Kaine, Geoff
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410202
subject: Biosecurity science and invasive species ecology

description: New Zealand lacks appropriate response frameworks for recent invasions where eradication is no longer considered feasible. There are >50,000 exotic species naturalised in New Zealand. Most are not currently invasive, but predicting which will become invasive, and when, is challenging. We require new tools for rapid development of management responses to these “sleeper pests” when they emerge as invasive threats. Social resistance limits the success of invasive species management responses. Existing invasive species response simulation frameworks do not consider the impact of social factors on management success. Conversely, simulation approaches incorporating social factors do not include changes in habitat suitability (e.g. through climate change). We present new simulation methods capable of integrating both change in the biophysical context (e.g. climate and land use) and in the social context (e.g. public willingness to manage sleeper pests).
Violation of the second fluctuation-dissipation relation and entropy production in nonequilibrium medium
Creators: name: Tanogami, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a class of nonequilibrium media described by Langevin dynamics that satisfies the local detailed balance. For the effective dynamics of a probe immersed in the medium, we derive an inequality that bounds the violation of the second fluctuation-dissipation relation (FDR). We also discuss the validity of the effective dynamics. In particular, we show that the effective dynamics obtained from nonequilibrium linear response theory is consistent with that obtained from a singular perturbation method. As an example of these results, we propose a simple model for a nonequilibrium medium in which the particles are subjected to potentials that switch stochastically. For this model, we show that the second FDR is recovered in the fast switching limit, although the particles are out of equilibrium.
description: 21 pages. Minor revisions are made in ver. 2
Collectivity of $J/ψ$ Mesons in Heavy-Ion Collisions
Creators: name: He, Min
name: Wu, Biaogang
name: Rapp, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of $J/ψ$ mesons in heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider is believed to be dominated by the recombination of charm and anti-charm quarks in a hot QCD medium. However, measurements of the elliptic flow ($v_2$) of $J/ψ$ mesons in these reactions are not well described by existing calculations of $J/ψ$ recombination for transverse momenta $p_T\geq$4 GeV. Here, we revisit these calculations in two main aspects. By employing the resonance recombination model, we implement distribution functions of charm quarks transported through the quark-gluon plasma using state-of-the-art Langevin simulations, and we account for the space-momentum correlations of the diffusing charm and anti-charm quarks in the hydrodynamically expanding fireball. These improvements extend the relevance of the recombination processes to substantially larger momenta than before. In addition, we revisit the suppression of the primordially produced $J/ψ$ mesons by propagating them through the same hydrodynamic medium, leading to a marked increase of the $v_2$ of this component over previous estimates. Combining these developments into a calculation of the $p_T$-dependent nuclear modification factor and $v_2$ of inclusive $J/ψ$ production in semi-central Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC, we find a good description of the experimental results by the ALICE collaboration. Our results thus resolve the above-mentioned $v_2$ puzzle and imply the relevance of recombination processes for $p_T$'s of up to $\sim$8 GeV.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, published version
Graph Embedding via High Dimensional Model Representation for Hyperspectral Images
Creators: name: Taskin, Gulsen
name: Camps-Valls, Gustau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.4.10; I.5.2; G.1.6; I.4.7; I.5.4

description: Learning the manifold structure of remote sensing images is of paramount relevance for modeling and understanding processes, as well as to encapsulate the high dimensionality in a reduced set of informative features for subsequent classification, regression, or unmixing. Manifold learning methods have shown excellent performance to deal with hyperspectral image (HSI) analysis but, unless specifically designed, they cannot provide an explicit embedding map readily applicable to out-of-sample data. A common assumption to deal with the problem is that the transformation between the high-dimensional input space and the (typically low) latent space is linear. This is a particularly strong assumption, especially when dealing with hyperspectral images due to the well-known nonlinear nature of the data. To address this problem, a manifold learning method based on High Dimensional Model Representation (HDMR) is proposed, which enables to present a nonlinear embedding function to project out-of-sample samples into the latent space. The proposed method is compared to manifold learning methods along with its linear counterparts and achieves promising performance in terms of classification accuracy of a representative set of hyperspectral images.
description: This is an accepted version of work to be published in the IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 11 pages
title: Carnet B
title: Carnet B
Creators: name: Le Braz, Anatole (1859-1926)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021

description: Source: Fonds Anatole Le Braz. Centre de Recherche Bretonne et Celtique (CRBC). Bibliothèque Yves-Le Gallo.
description: Provenance: Ce document provient du fonds Anatole Le Braz conservé au Centre de recherche bretonne et celtique. Les documents ont été déposés en 1986 par l’un des petits-enfants d’Anatole Le Braz et par Yann-Ber Piriou en 1999.
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description: IIIF manifest
Evaluating the impact of environmental interventions across 2 countries: the International Bikeshare Impacts on Cycling and Collisions Study (IBICCS) Study protocol
Creators: name: Fuller, Daniel
name: Gauvin, Lise
name: Dubé, Anne-Sophie
name: Winters, Meghan
name: Teschke, Kay
name: Russo, Elizabeth T
name: Camden, Andi
name: Mee, Carol
name: Friedman, Steven M
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Few international studies examine public bicycle share programs (PBSP) health impacts. We describe the protocol for the International Bikeshare Impacts on Cycling and Collisions Study (IBICCS). Methods: A quasi-experimental non-equivalent groups design was used. Intervention cities (Montreal, Toronto, Boston, New York and Vancouver) were matched to control cities (Chicago, Detroit, and Philadelphia) on total population, population density, cycling rates, and average yearly temperature. The study used three repeated, cross-sectional surveys in intervention and control cities in Fall 2012 (baseline), 2013 (year 1), and 2014 (year 2). A non-probabilistic online panel survey with a sampling frame of individuals residing in and around areas where PBSP are/would be implemented was used. A total of 12,000 respondents will be sampled. In each of the 8 cities 1000 respondents will be sampled with an additional 4000 respondents sampled based on the total population of the city. Survey questions include measures of self-rated health, and self-reported height and weight, knowledge and experience using PBSP, physical activity, bicycle helmet use and history of collisions and injuries while cycling, socio-demographic questions, and home/workplace locations. Respondents could complete questionnaires in English, French, and Spanish. Two weights will be applied to the data: inverse probability of selection and post-stratification on age and sex. A triple difference analysis will be used. This approach includes in the models, time, exposure, and treatment group, and interaction terms between these variables to estimate changes across time, between exposure groups and between cities. Discussion: There are scientific and practical challenges in evaluating PBSP. Methodological challenges included: appropriate sample recruitment, exchangeability of treatment and control groups, controlling unmeasured confounding, and specifying exposure. Practical challenges arise in the evaluation of environmental interventions such as a PBSP: one of the companies involved filed for bankruptcy, a Hurricane devastated New York City, and one PBSP was not implemented. Overall, this protocol provides methodological and practical guidance for researchers wanting to study PBSP impacts on health.
The Comparison of Density-Elastic Modulus Equations for the Distal Ulna at Multiple Forearm Positions: A Finite Element Study
Creators: name: Neuert, Mark A.C.
name: Austman, Rebecca L.
name: Dunning, Cynthia E.
Publisher: name: Institute of Machine Design and Operation, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finite Element Analysis, Density Modulus Relationship, Biomechanics, Ulna, Implant, Experimental Validation

description: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 03/2013; ISSN 1509-409X
Process-constrained batch Bayesian approaches for yield optimization in multi-reactor systems
Creators: name: Grimm, Markus
name: Paul, Sébastien
name: Chainais, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The optimization of yields in multi-reactor systems, which are advanced tools in heterogeneous catalysis research, presents a significant challenge due to hierarchical technical constraints. To this respect, this work introduces a novel approach called process-constrained batch Bayesian optimization via Thompson sampling (pc-BO-TS) and its generalized hierarchical extension (hpc-BO-TS). This method, tailored for the efficiency demands in multi-reactor systems, integrates experimental constraints and balances between exploration and exploitation in a sequential batch optimization strategy. It offers an improvement over other Bayesian optimization methods. The performance of pc-BO-TS and hpc-BO-TS is validated in synthetic cases as well as in a realistic scenario based on data obtained from high-throughput experiments done on a multi-reactor system available in the REALCAT platform. The proposed methods often outperform other sequential Bayesian optimizations and existing process-constrained batch Bayesian optimization methods. This work proposes a novel approach to optimize the yield of a reaction in a multi-reactor system, marking a significant step forward in digital catalysis and generally in optimization methods for chemical engineering.
From Boltzmann equation for granular gases to a modified Navier-Stokes-Fourier system
Creators: name: Alonso, Ricardo J.
name: Lods, Bertrand
name: Tristani, Isabelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we give an overview of the results established in [3] which provides the first rigorous derivation of hydrodynamic equations from the Boltzmann equation for inelastic hard spheres in 3D. In particular, we obtain a new system of hydrodynamic equations describing granular flows and prove existence of classical solutions to the aforementioned system. One of the main issue is to identify the correct relation between the restitution coefficient (which quantifies the rate of energy loss at the microscopic level) and the Knudsen number which allows us to obtain non trivial hydrodynamic behavior. In such a regime, we construct strong solutions to the inelastic Boltzmann equation, near thermal equilibrium whose role is played by the so-called homogeneous cooling state. We prove then the uniform exponential stability with respect to the Knudsen number of such solutions, using a spectral analysis of the linearized problem combined with technical a priori nonlinear estimates. Finally, we prove that such solutions converge, in a specific weak sense, towards some hydrodynamic limit that depends on time and space variables only through macroscopic quantities that satisfy a suitable modification of the incompressible Navier-Stokes-Fourier system.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2008.05173
Biomechanical study of the influence of the weight of equipment on selected trunk muscles
Creators: name: Schulze, Christoph
name: Lindner, Tobias
name: Woitge, Sandra
name: Glass, Aenne
name: Finze, Susanne
name: Mittelmeier, Wolfram
name: Bader, Rainer
Publisher: name: Institute of Machine Design and Operation, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2013
Subjects: activity, EMG, equipment, posture

description: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 03/2013; ISSN 1509-409X
Epistemic comparatives and other expressions of speaker's uncertainty
Creators: name: Goncharov, Julie
name: Irimia, Monica Alexandrina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: epistemic comparatives
indirect evidentials
epistemic modals
inferentials
Bulgarian
Romanian

description: Our study endeavors to further our understanding of the ways the speaker's perspective is expressed in natural language. We analyze a rarely discussed construction, namely epistemic comparatives and their interaction with inferential indirect evidentials and epistemic modals. We show that epistemic comparatives are incompatible with inferential indirect evidentials, but are well-formed with epistemic modals. We base our discussion on data from Bulgarian and we also show that similar facts hold in Romanian, thus strengthening the empirical coverage. On the theoretical side, we claim that inferential indirect evidentials are structurally distinguished from epistemic modals. This accounts for their different behavior with epistemic comparatives, thus providing further support to accounts which take indirect evidentials and epistemic modals to be separate categories.
Czech modal complement ellipsis from a comparative perspective
Creators: name: Gruet-Skrabalova, Hana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: modal complement ellipsis
VP ellipsis
modal verbs
auxiliary verbs
ellipsis parameter

description: This paper deals with modal complement ellipsis in Czech from a comparative per-
 spective. I show that Czech modal complement ellipsis displays a mixed behaviour
 in comparison with languages like English, Dutch and French. Like English, it
 allows for various extractions from the ellipsis site and for different subjects in
 antecedent-contained deletion constructions. Like French and Dutch, it does not
 allow for intervening elements between the modal verb and the ellipsis site and it
 requires voice identity of the elided VP and its antecedent. Adopting a deletion approach to ellipsis, I propose to account for this behaviour by parametrizing the syntactic properties of a presumably universal ellipsis feature [E], initially proposed by
 Lobeck (1995). In my proposal, the syntax of [E] includes the head-licensing ellipsis
 and the ellipsis site. I argue that the type of licensing head (T, V or Mod) and the
 type of ellipsis site (VP, TP or VoiceP) induce the properties of modal complement
 ellipsis that I observe at the surface.
Minimal actuation and control of a soft hydrogel swimmer from flutter instability
Creators: name: Boiardi, Ariel Surya
name: Noselli, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Micro-organisms propel themselves in viscous environments by the periodic, nonreciprocal beating of slender appendages known as flagella. Active materials have been widely exploited to mimic this form of locomotion. However, the realization of such coordinated beating in biomimetic flagella requires complex actuation modulated in space and time. We prove through experiments on polyelectrolyte hydrogel samples that directed undulatory locomotion of a soft robotic swimmer can be achieved by untethered actuation from a uniform and static electric field. A minimal mathematical model is sufficient to reproduce, and thus explain, the observed behavior. The periodic beating of the swimming hydrogel robot emerges from flutter instability thanks to the interplay between its active and passive reconfigurations in the viscous environment. Interestingly, the flutter-driven soft robot exhibits a form of electrotaxis whereby its swimming trajectory can be controlled by simply reorienting the electric field. Our findings trace the route for the embodiment of mechanical intelligence in soft robotic systems by the exploitation of flutter instability to achieve complex functional responses to simple stimuli. While the experimental study is conducted on millimeter-scale hydrogel swimmers, the design principle we introduce requires simple geometry and is hence amenable for miniaturization via micro-fabrication techniques. We believe it may also be transferred to a wider class of soft active materials.
Mixed displacement-pressure-phase field framework for finite strain fracture of nearly incompressible hyperelastic materials
Creators: name: Tian, Fucheng
name: Zeng, Jun
name: Zhang, Mengnan
name: Li, Liangbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The favored phase field method (PFM) has encountered challenges in the finite strain fracture modeling of nearly or truly incompressible hyperelastic materials. We identified that the underlying cause lies in the innate contradiction between incompressibility and smeared crack opening. Drawing on the stiffness-degradation idea in PFM, we resolved this contradiction through loosening incompressible constraint of the damaged phase without affecting the incompressibility of intact material. By modifying the perturbed Lagrangian approach, we derived a novel mixed formulation. In numerical aspects, the finite element discretization uses the classical Q1/P0 and high-order P2/P1 schemes, respectively. To ease the mesh distortion at large strains, an adaptive mesh deletion technology is also developed. The validity and robustness of the proposed mixed framework are corroborated by four representative numerical examples. By comparing the performance of Q1/P0 and P2/P1, we conclude that the Q1/P0 formulation is a better choice for finite strain fracture in nearly incompressible cases. Moreover, the numerical examples also show that the combination of the proposed framework and methodology has vast potential in simulating complex peeling and tearing problems
Oxygen and Aluminum-Magnesium Isotopic Systematics of Presolar Nanospinel Grains from CI Chondrite Orgueil
Creators: name: Liu, Nan
name: Dauphas, Nicolas
name: Cristallo, Sergio
name: Palmerini, Sara
name: Busso, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Presolar oxide grains have been previously divided into several groups (Group 1 to 4) based on their isotopic compositions, which can be tied to several stellar sources. Much of available data was acquired on large grains, which may not be fully representative of the presolar grain population present in meteorites. We present here new O isotopic data for 74 small presolar oxide grains (~200 nm in diameter on average) from Orgueil and Al-Mg isotopic systematics for 25 of the grains. Based on data-model comparisons, we show that (i) Group 1 and Group 2 grains more likely originated in low-mass first-ascent (red giant branch; RGB) and/or second-ascent (asymptotic giant branch; AGB) red giant stars and (ii) Group 1 grains with (26Al/27Al)0 >= 5x10^-3 and Group 2 grains with (26Al/27Al)0 <= 1x10^-2 all likely experienced extra circulation processes in their parent low-mass stars but under different conditions, resulting in proton-capture reactions occurring at enhanced temperatures. We do not find any large 25Mg excess in Group 1 oxide grains with large 17O enrichments, which provides evidence that 25Mg is not abundantly produced in low-mass stars. We also find that our samples contain a larger proportion of Group 4 grains than so far suggested in the literature for larger presolar oxide grains (~400 nm). We also discuss our observations in the light of stellar dust production mechanisms.
Quasi-3D Magneto-Thermal Quench Simulation Scheme for Superconducting Accelerator Magnets
Creators: name: D'Angelo, Laura A. M.
name: Späck-Leigsnering, Yvonne
name: De Gersem, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: To tackle the strong multi-scale problem in the quench simulation of superconducting accelerator magnets, this work proposes a hybrid numerical method which uses two-dimensional first-order finite-elements in the magnet cross-section and one-dimensional higher-order orthogonal polynomials in longitudinal direction.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures, MT27 conference special issue paper
RNA sequencing for 18 murine hippocampus samples
Creators: name: 李涛
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Monoisolate

description: The pregnant B6 dam was intraperitoneally administrated with a single injection of poly (I: C) potassium salt (PIC) at 20 mg/kg or PBS on the E12.5th day. Postweaning male offsprings were administrated with L.plantarum or sodium benzoate (NaB) by oral gavage for 4 weeks. According to the treatment, male offprings were divided into six groups: PBS, PBS+ L.plantarum, PBS+NaB, PIC, PIC+ L.plantarum, and PIC+NaB, 18 mice from the six groups were anesthetized and the hippocampus were collected for RNA sequencing.
An Optimal Control Approach to Gradient-Index Design for Beam Reshaping
Creators: name: Adriazola, Jimmie
name: Goodman, Roy H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of reshaping light in the Schrödinger optics regime from the perspective of optimal control theory. In technological applications, Schrödinger optics is often used to model a slowly-varying amplitude of a para-axially propagating electric field where the square of the waveguide's index of refraction is treated as the potential. The objective of the optimal control problem is to find the controlling potential which, together with the constraining Schrödinger dynamics, optimally reshape the intensity distribution of Schrödinger eigenfunctions from one end of the waveguide to the other. This work considers reshaping problems found in work due to Kunkel and Leger, and addresses computational needs by adopting tools from the quantum control literature. The success of the optimal control approach is demonstrated numerically.
A Quench Detection and Monitoring System for Superconducting Magnets at Fermilab
Creators: name: Galt, A.
name: Atassi, O. Al
name: Chlachidze, G.
name: Cummings, T.
name: Feher, S.
name: Hocker, A.
name: Kotelnikov, S.
name: Lamm, M.
name: Makulski, A.
name: Nogiec, J.
name: Orris, D.
name: Pilipenko, R.
name: Tartaglia, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quench detection system was developed for protecting and monitoring the superconducting solenoids for the Muon-to-Electron Conversion Experiment (Mu2e) at Fermilab. The quench system was designed for a high level of dependability and long-term continuous operation. It is based on three tiers: Tier-I, FPGA-based Digital Quench Detection (DQD); Tier-II, Analog Quench Detection (AQD); and Tier-3, the quench controls and data management system. The Tier-I and Tier-II are completely independent and fully redundant systems. The Tier-3 system is based on National Instruments (NI) C-RIO and provides the user interface for quench controls and data management. It is independent from Tiers I & II. The DQD provides both quench detection and quench characterization (monitoring) capability. Both DQD and AQD have built-in high voltage isolation and user programmable gains and attenuations. The DQD and AQD also includes user configured current dependent thresholding and validation times. A 1st article of the three-tier system was fully implemented on the new Fermilab magnet test stand for the HL-LHC Accelerator Up-grade Project (AUP). It successfully provided quench protection and monitoring (QPM) for a cold superconducting bus test in November 2020. The Mu2e quench detection design has since been implemented for production testing of the AUP magnets. A detailed description of the system along with results from the AUP superconducting bus test will be presented.
Damped Ly-alpha Absorbers in Star-forming Galaxies at z < 0.15 Detected with the Hubble Space Telescope and Implications for Galaxy Evolution
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Varsha P.
name: Bowen, David V.
name: Straka, Lorrie A.
name: York, Donald G.
name: Gupta, Neeraj
name: Noterdaeme, Pasquier
name: Srianand, Raghunathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report {\it HST} COS spectroscopy of 10 quasars with foreground star-forming galaxies at 0.02$
description: 51 pages, 12 figures. Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
Transforming space with non-Hermitian dielectrics
Creators: name: Krešić, Ivor
name: Makris, Konstantinos G.
name: Leonhardt, Ulf
name: Rotter, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coordinate transformations are a versatile tool to mould the flow of light, enabling a host of astonishing phenomena such as optical cloaking with metamaterials. Moving away from the usual restriction that links isotropic materials with conformal transformations, we show how non-conformal distortions of optical space are intimately connected to the complex refractive index distribution of an isotropic non-Hermitian medium. Remarkably, this insight can be used to circumvent the material requirement of working with refractive indices below unity, which limits the applications of transformation optics. We apply our approach to design a broadband unidirectional dielectric cloak, which relies on non-conformal coordinate transformations to tailor the nonHermitian refractive index profile around a cloaked object. Our insights bridge the fields of two-dimensional transformation optics and non-Hermitian photonics.
Cut&Tag sequencing of 9 astrocyte samples
Creators: name: 李涛
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Monoisolate

description: This project is about the effects of sodium benzoate on the H3K27 benzoylation in primary astrocytes, the astrocytes were derived from neonatal B6 mice and treated with sodium benzoate or PBS for 24h.
Data access for the 1,000 Plants (1KP) project
Creators: name: Matasci, Naim
name: Hung, Ling-Hong
name: Yan, Zhixiang
name: Carpenter, Eric J.
name: Wickett, Norman J.
name: Mirarab, Siavash
name: Nguyen, Nam
name: Warnow, Tandy
name: Ayyampalayam, Saravanaraj
name: Barker, Michael
name: Burleigh, J. G.
name: Gitzendanner, Matthew A.
name: Wafula, Eric
name: Der, Joshua P.
name: DePamphilis, Claude W.
name: Roure, Béatrice
name: Philippe, Hervé
name: Ruhfel, Brad R.
name: Miles, Nicholas W.
name: Graham, Sean W.
name: Mathews, Sarah
name: Surek, Barbara
name: Melkonian, Michael
name: Soltis, Douglas E.
name: Soltis, Pamela S.
name: Rothfels, Carl
name: Pokorny, Lisa
name: Shaw, Jonathan A.
name: DeGironimo, Lisa
name: Stevenson, Dennis W.
name: Villarreal, Juan C.
name: Chen, Tao
name: Kutchan, Toni M.
name: Rolf, Megan
name: Baucom, Regina S.
name: Deyholos, Michael
name: Samudrala, Ram
name: Tian, Zhijian
name: Wu, Xiaolei
name: Sun, Xiao
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Wang, Jun
name: Leebens-Mack, Jim
name: Wong, Gane K.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: The 1,000 plants (1KP) project is an international multi-disciplinary consortium that has generated transcriptome data from over 1,000 plant species, with exemplars for all of the major lineages across the Viridiplantae (green plants) clade. Here, we describe how to access the data used in a phylogenomics analysis of the first 85 species, and how to visualize our gene and species trees. Users can develop computational pipelines to analyse these data, in conjunction with data of their own that they can upload. Computationally estimated protein-protein interactions and biochemical pathways can be visualized at another site. Finally, we comment on our future plans and how they fit within this scalable system for the dissemination, visualization, and analysis of large multi-species data sets.
Searching in the dark: why diagnostic test performance is essential to interpreting surveillance results, using Phytophthora agathidicida as a case study
Creators: name: Froud, Karyn
name: Vallee, Emilie
name: Kean, John
name: Chin Chew, Yue
name: Ashby, Edward
name: Jamieson, Alastair
name: Tolich, Lisa
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410202
subject: Biosecurity science and invasive species ecology

description: Accurate and precise estimations of the performance of diagnostic tests are needed to design and interpret surveillance. Kauri (Agathis australis), a keystone forest species, is threatened by kauri dieback, caused by Phytophthora agathidicida. Test performance is measured by the diagnostic sensitivity (probability a tree that does have P. agathidicida returns a positive test) and diagnostic specificity (probability a tree that does not have P. agathidicida returns a negative test). In the absence of a perfect test, sensitivity and specificity can be calculated using Bayesian latent class analysis (BLCA). A cross-sectional study of the baseline prevalence of P. agathidicida in 761 randomly selected kauri trees in the Waitākere Ranges was undertaken in 2021. Visual assessment of symptoms and morphological identification from soil bioassay baiting and culture were used as ‘tests’ to infer presence of P. agathidicida. A BLCA model was built using prior expert opinion from collaborators on the tests’ performance, and on high versus low pathogen prevalence areas within the study area. For visual assessment, the estimated sensitivity was 41.0% (95% PI 29.8-53.3) and specificity was 87.0% (95% PI 84.0-89.8). For the morphological test the sensitivity was 63.2% (95% PI 42.6-88.1) and specificity was 98.7% (95% PI 96.8-99.8). Morphological test performance values can be used to estimate the true prevalence of P. agathidicida based on apparent prevalence, understand areas of pathogen freedom, interpret historical results and account for low test sensitivity when designing surveillance programmes and calculating sample sizes.
Multicritical point of the three-dimensional Z_2 gauge Higgs model
Creators: name: Bonati, Claudio
name: Pelissetto, Andrea
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the multicritical behavior of the three-dimensional Z_2 gauge Higgs model, at the multicritical point (MCP) of its phase diagram, where one first-order transition line and two continuous Ising-like transition lines meet. The duality properties of the model determine some features of the multicritical behavior at the MCP located along the self-dual line. Moreover, we argue that the system develops a multicritical XY behavior at the MCP, which is controlled by the stable XY fixed point of the three-dimensional multicritical Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson field theory with two competing scalar fields associated with the continuous Z_2 transition lines meeting at the MCP. This implies an effective enlargement of the symmetry of the multicritical modes at the MCP, to the continuous group O(2). We also provide some numerical results to support the multicritical XY scenario.
description: 10 pages
Mitigating Foreground Bias to the CMB Lensing Power Spectrum for a CMB-HD Survey
Creators: name: Han, Dongwon
name: Sehgal, Neelima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A promising way to measure the distribution of matter on small scales (k ~ 10 hMpc^-1) is to use gravitational lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). CMB-HD, a proposed high-resolution, low-noise millimeter survey over half the sky, can measure the CMB lensing auto spectrum on such small scales enabling measurements that can distinguish between a cold dark matter (CDM) model and alternative models designed to solve problems with CDM on small scales. However, extragalactic foregrounds can bias the CMB lensing auto spectrum if left untreated. We present a foreground mitigation strategy that provides a path to reduce the bias from two of the most dominant foregrounds, the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (tSZ) and the Cosmic Infrared Background (CIB). Given the level of realism included in our analysis, we find that the tSZ alone and the CIB alone bias the lensing auto spectrum by 0.6 sigma and 1.1 sigma respectively, in the lensing multipole range of L in [5000,20000] for a CMB-HD survey; combined these foregrounds yield a bias of only 1.3 sigma. Including these foregrounds, we also find that a CMB-HD survey can distinguish between a CDM model and a 10^-22 eV FDM model at the 5 sigma level. These results provide an important step in demonstrating that foreground contamination can be sufficiently reduced to enable a robust measurement of the small-scale matter power spectrum with CMB-HD.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures; power spectra and lensing covariance matrix from this analysis are public at https://github.com/dwhan89/hdlensing
title: The Relationship Between Job Characteristics and Job Satisfaction for Engineers and Engineering Students
Creators: name: Hoy, Sherry L.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1982

description: A modified version of Hackman Lawler's job characteristics model was used to investigate the relationships between pre-employment perceptions of job characteristics and expectations tor job satisfaction in a sample of 111 engineering students. In lieu of a longitudinal designs a sample of 86 professional engineers were accessed as a comparison group. The independent variables included in the study were: (a) the six job characteristics in the Job Characteristics Inventory (variety autonomy task identity, feedback dealing with others and friendship opportunities) (b) three measures of job satisfaction from the short-form of the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (general, intrinsic and extrinsic) and (c) growth need strength as measured by the two subscales from the Job Diagnostic Survey. Perceptions of ideal job characteristics were also assessed to determine the presence of a congruency effect between expected or obtained and ideal characteristics. A moderating effect of growth need strength was not demonstrated for either sample, although significantly positive relationships were found between the perceptions of job characteristics and obtained or expected levels of job satisfaction for both samples. With regards to determining the accuracy of students' perceptions, the results Indicated significantly deflated perceptions for all of the job characteristics except deflated expectations for intrinsic satisfaction and Inflated expectations for extrinsic satisfaction. Although marginally significant, the results of the congruency hypothesis for the engineer sample were encouraging. The possibility of a congruency effect operating in the relationship between students' pre-employment perceptions and expectations for job satisfaction was not supported. The implications of the results for future research and the area of occupational choice research were discussed.
Audio Universe: Tour of the Solar System
Creators: name: Harrison, Chris
name: Trayford, James
name: Harrison, Leigh
name: Bonne, Nic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have created a show about the Solar System, freely available for both planetariums and home viewing, where objects in space are represented with sound as well as with visuals. For example, the audience listens to the stars appear above the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope and they hear the planets orbit around their heads. The aim of this show is that it can be enjoyed and understood, irrespective of level of vision. Here we describe how we used our new computer code, STRAUSS, to convert data into sound for the show. We also discuss the lessons learnt during the design of the show, including how it was imperative to obtain a range of diverse perspectives from scientists, a composer and representatives of the blind and vision impaired community.
description: Published in Astronomy and Geophysics, Volume 63, Issue 2, Pages 2.38-2.40. This is the authors' accepted version of the manuscript. Visit https://www.audiouniverse.org for audio-visual resources. Our new sonification code, STRAUSS, is available at: https://github.com/james-trayford/strauss. Article is 5 pages with 3 figures