cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in determinants of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Creators: name: BEALE, ANNA LOUISE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 320101
subject: Cardiology (incl. cardiovascular diseases)

description: Women are predisposed to stiffening of their heart muscle as they age, which can lead to
shortness of breath and fatigue. The reasons behind this are explored in this thesis. I
discovered that women have greater vascular stiffening around the body and in the lungs,
and greater rises in heart pressures with exercise. These differences partially relate to sex
differences in heart size and function but may also be linked to repeated adaption to
pregnancy, iron deficiency, and inflammation related to changes in the microbes in their
gut. These findings may help the development of treatment for this condition in the future.
Quantum-classical approach to spin and charge pumping and the ensuing radiation in THz spintronics: Example of ultrafast-light-driven Weyl antiferromagnet Mn$_3$Sn
Creators: name: Suresh, Abhin
name: Nikolic, Branislav K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of fs light pulses with magnetic materials has been intensely studied for more than two decades in order to understand ultrafast demagnetization in single magnetic layers or THz emission from their bilayers with nonmagnetic spin-orbit (SO) materials. Here we develop a multiscale quantum-classical formalism -- where conduction electrons are described by quantum master equation of the Lindblad type; classical dynamics of local magnetization is described by the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation; and incoming light is described by classical vector potential while outgoing electromagnetic radiation is computed using Jefimenko equations for retarded electric and magnetic fields -- and apply it a bilayer of antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetal Mn$_3$Sn with noncollinear local magnetization in contact with SO-coupled nonmagnetic material. Our QME+LLG+Jefimenko scheme makes it possible to understand how fs light pulse generates directly spin and charge pumping and electromagnetic radiation by the latter, including both odd and even high harmonics (of the pulse center frequency) up to order $n \le 7$. The directly pumped spin current then exert spin torque on local magnetization whose dynamics, in turn, pumps additional spin and charge currents radiating in the THz range. By switching on and off LLG dynamics and SO couplings, we unravel which microscopic mechanism contribute the most to emitted THz radiation -- charge pumping by local magnetization of Mn$_3$Sn in the presence of its intrinsic SO coupling is far more important than standardly assumed (for other types of magnetic layers) spin pumping and subsequent spin-to-charge conversion within the neighboring nonmagnetic SO-coupled material.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures; three supplemental movies are available from this https://wiki.physics.udel.edu/qttg/Publications
Photonic Hook with Modulated Bending Angle Formed by Using Triangular Mesoscale Janus Prisms
Creators: name: Chen, Wei-Yu
name: Liu, Cheng-Yang
name: Hsieh, Yu-Kai
name: Minin, Oleg V.
name: Minin, Igor V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 65Z05

description: In this study, we propose a novel design of the triangular mesoscale Janus prisms for the generation of the long photonic hook. The numerical simulations based on the finite-difference time-domain method are used to examine the formation mechanism of the photonic hook. The electric intensity distributions near the micro-prisms are calculated for operating at different re-fractive indices and spaces of the two triangular micro-prisms. The asymmetric vortexes of in-tensity distributions result in the long photonic hook with large bending angle. The length and the bending angle of the photonic hook are efficiently modulated by changing the space be-tween the two triangular micro-prisms. Moreover, the narrow width of the photonic hook is achieved beyond the diffraction limit. The triangular Janus micro-prisms have high potential for practical applications in optical tweezers, nanoparticle sorting and manipulation and photonic circuits.
description: 8 Figures
Test Fairness in Second Language Assessment
Creators: name: Liu Banerjee, Heidi
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2016

description: Fairness, an essential quality of a test, has been broadly defined as equitable treatment of all testtakers during the testing process, absence of measurement bias, equitable access to the constructs being measured, and justifiable validity of test score interpretation for the intended purpose(s) (AREA, APA, & NCME, 2014). Given that test fairness is closely related to the interpretations and uses of test scores as well as the claims made from those interpretations and uses, it is critical to obtain and weigh validity evidence to support or refute the score interpretations, their uses, and the potential socio-political consequences in order to evaluate fairness (Chalhoub-Deville, 2015; Haertel & Herman, 2005; McNamara & Roever, 2006). The purpose of this article is to describe how test fairness has been conceptualized in second language assessment through the lens of validity theories. First, I will describe construct- and interpretive-argument-based validity theories and how they accommodate the integration of test fairness. Then, following Xi (2010), three major approaches to conceptualizing test fairness in relation to validity will be discussed.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2016)
Thermal Transport of Fractionalized Antiferromagnetic and Field Induced States in the Kitaev Material Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$
Creators: name: Guang, S. K.
name: Li, N.
name: Luo, R. L.
name: Huang, Q.
name: Wang, Y. Y.
name: Yue, X. Y.
name: Xia, K.
name: Li, Q. J.
name: Zhao, X.
name: Chen, G.
name: Zhou, H. D.
name: Sun, X. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an in-plane thermal transport study of the honeycomb Kitaev material Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$ at subKelvin temperatures. In zero field, the $κ(T)$ displays a rather weak $T$-dependence but has a non-zero residual term $κ_0/T$, indicating strong phonon scattering by magnetic excitation and the possibility of itinerant spinon-like excitations coexisting with an antiferromagnetic order below 27 K. We propose the zero-field ground state is a novel fractionalized antiferromagnetic (AF*) state with both magnetic order and fractionalized excitations. With both the heat current and external field along the $a*$ (Co-Co bond) direction, the $κ_{a*}$ exhibits two sharp minima at 7.5 T and 10 T, and its value at 8.5 T is almost the same as the pure phononic transport for the high-field polarized state. This confirms the phase boundaries of the reported field-induced intermediate state and suggest its gapless continuum excitations possibly transport heat. No such intermediate phase was found in the $κ_a$ for the current and field along the $a$ (zigzag chain) direction. Finally, Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$ displays a strongly anisotropic magneto-thermal conductivity since the in-plane (out-of-plane) field strongly enhances (suppresses) the $κ_{a*}$ and $κ_a$.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Language, Migration, and Citizenship in France
Creators: name: Durkis, Andrea Eileen
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2016

description: As countries are confronted with the complexities of integrating new immigrants within their national borders, the ability of new arrivals to use the language or languages of their adopted country has increasingly become viewed as essential to the process of their integration and assimilation. The use of language assessments as a requirement for citizenship has become commonplace, and the importance of these tools as devices for gate keeping or door opening (Bachman & Purpura, 2008) is substantial. The assessments fulfilling the language proficiency requirement for naturalization in France have changed and evolved substantially over the past two decades. They have progressed from unstructured and unsystematic interviews with no construct and no scoring criteria to pedagogical assessments and standardized tests with defined constructs and alignment to specific levels of proficiency on the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR). This paper will explore the language assessments used as part of the citizenship process over the past twenty years in France through the validity framework proposed by Kane (1992, 2006, 2013). Special attention will be given to issues of fairness, values, and social consequences.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2016)
Detecting Cognitive Impairments in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension using Neuropsychological and Ocular Motor Testing
Creators: name: WANG, WENDY
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 320905
subject: Neurology and neuromuscular diseases
classificationCode: 520203
subject: Cognitive neuroscience

description: Cognitive impairment in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is poorly understood. This thesis demonstrates cognitive impairment in patients with IIH that were persistent for up to six months following diagnosis and unrelated to most clinical features, which supports the inclusion of cognitive monitoring in comprehensive IIH management.
title: Arctic Report Card 2020: Bowhead whales: recent insights into their biology, status and resilience
Creators: name: George, J. C.
name: Moore, S. E.
name: Thewissen, J. G. M.
name: North Slope Borough (Alaska). Department of Wildlife Management
name: University of Washington. Center for Ecosystem Studies
Publisher: name: North Slope Borough (Alaska). Department of Wildlife Management University of Washington. Center for Ecosystem Studies
Year: 2020

description: Arctic Report Card
Ignoring Disadvantaged Students: Caveats of the ELA Regents Exam
Creators: name: Beltrán, Jorge
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2016

description: The Comprehensive English Regents Exam, also referred to as the English Language Arts (ELA) Examination, is a widely used measure of student achievement in the K-12 system in New York, yet it is not without criticism. One concern is that the ELA Regents Exam may be contributing to the widening of the gap in graduation rates between English language learners (ELLs) and English-proficient students (NYSED, 2014b). This suggests a threat to the validity of the inferences made based on test scores. When considering the features of test design and the characteristics of the test’s diverse target population under an argument-based validity approach (Bachman, 2003, 2005; Kane, 1992, 2002), a mismatch between the intended consequences of test use and the actual effects on the involved stakeholders can be identified. The purpose of this commentary is to analyze possible threats to validity, with issues ranging from domain analysis and construct definition to test misuse from a language assessment perspective and to discuss the impact of the Regents Examination in ELA on newly-arrived ELLs.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2016)
THz optical beat-note detection with a fast Hot Electron Bolometer operating up to 31 GHz
Creators: name: Torrioli, G.
name: Forrer, A.
name: Beck, M.
name: Carelli, P.
name: Chiarello, F.
name: Faist, J.
name: Gaggero, A.
name: Giovine, E.
name: Martini, F.
name: Senica, U.
name: Leoni, R.
name: Scalari, G.
name: Cibella, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the performance of an hot-electron bolometer (HEB) operating at THz frequencies based on superconducting niobium nitride films. We report on the voltage response of the detector over a large optical bandwidth carried out with different THz sources. We show that the impulse response of the fully packaged HEB at 7.5 K has a 3 dB cut-off around 2 GHz. Remarkably, detection capability is still observed above 30 GHz in an heterodyne beating experiment using a THz quantum cascade laser frequency comb. Additionally, the HEB sensitivity has been evaluated and an optical noise equivalent power NEP of 0.8 pW/sqrt(Hz) has been measured at 1 MHz.
Electromagnetic corrections in eta --> 3 pi decays
Creators: name: Ditsche, Christoph
name: Kubis, Bastian
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-evaluate the electromagnetic corrections to eta --> 3 pi decays at next-to-leading order in the chiral expansion, arguing that effects of order e^2(m_u-m_d) disregarded so far are not negligible compared to other contributions of order e^2 times a light quark mass. Despite the appearance of the Coulomb pole in eta --> pi+ pi- pi0 and cusps in eta --> 3 pi0, the overall corrections remain small.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures; references updated, version published in EPJC
The Trial within Cohorts (TwiCs) study design in oncology: Experience and methodological reflections
Creators: name: Kessels, Rob
name: May, Anne M.
name: Koopman, Miriam
name: Roes, Kit C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A Trial within Cohorts (TwiCs) study design is a trial design that uses the infrastructure of an observational cohort study to initiate a randomized trial. Upon cohort enrollment, cohort participants provided consent for being randomized in future studies without being informed. Once a new treatment is available, eligible cohort participants are randomly assigned to this new treatment or standard of care. Patients randomized to the treatment arm are offered this new treatment, which they can refuse. Patients who refuse will receive standard of care instead. Patients randomized to the standard of care arm, receive no information about the trial and continue receiving standard of care as part the cohort study. Standard cohort measures are used for outcome comparisons. The TwiCs study design aims to overcome some issues encountered in standard Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). An example of an issue in standard RCTs is the slow patient accrual, which a TwiCs study aims to improve by selecting patients using a cohort and only offering the intervention to patients in the active arm. In oncology, the TwiCs study design has gained increasing interest during the last decade. Despite its potential advantages over RCTs, the TwiCs study design is concerned with several methodological challenges that need careful consideration when planning a TwiCs study. In this article, we focus on these methodological challenges and reflect on them using experiences from TwiCs studies initiated in oncology. Important methodological challenges that are discussed are the timing of randomization, the issue of non-compliance (refusal) after randomization in the intervention arm, and the definition of the intention-to-treat effect in a TwiCs study and how this effect is related to its counterpart in standard RCTs.
Commentaries on Validity Issues in Foreign and Second Language Assessment
Creators: name: Tsutagawa, Fred S.
name: Seong, Yuna
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2016

description: For this issue of Teachers College, Columbia University Working Papers in TESOL & Applied Linguists, we invited three contributors to extensively comment on validity issues in second or foreign language assessment. Jorge Beltran looks at the English Language Arts Regents Exam, a test widely used in the K-12 system in New York. He takes an analytical approach in evaluating the exam in light of current validity frameworks in order to discuss the possible threats to validity and its impact on English language learners taking the exam. Next, Andrea Durkis looks at language assessments used as part of the citizenship process in France. While reviewing its history over the past twenty years, she examines validity issues through the lens of Kane’s framework. Finally, Heidi Liu Banerjee further explores fairness, an important test quality essential to the discussion of validity and its conceptualization in relation to Kane’s framework.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2016)
Advanced Tissue Characterisation Techniques in the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Disease
Creators: name: GUTMAN, SARAH JANE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 320101
subject: Cardiology (incl. cardiovascular diseases)

description: Non-invasive myocardial tissue characterisation - when cardiac imaging techniques are used to attain information about the heart muscle without the use of invasive biopsy - has greatly enhanced the speed and accuracy of diagnosis for patients with cardiovascular disease. Perhaps more importantly, specific sequences on echocardiography (cardiac ultrasound) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging have given information about individual patient prognosis and management, which was not even possible through invasive means. In this thesis different CMR sequences and advanced echocardiography techniques were used to further understand diagnosis, prognosis and treatment in non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy, acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease.
Additional file 8 of Cuproptosis regulatory genes greatly contribute to clinical assessments of hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Ke, Changwei
name: Dai, Shejiao
name: Xu, Fangshi
name: Yuan, Jia
name: Fan, Shuting
name: Chen, Yang
name: Yang, Longbao
name: Li, Yong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 8: Supplementary Table 4. The primer lists.
The Impact of Input Flooding and Textual Enhancement on Iranian EFL Learners’ Syntactic Development
Creators: name: Arani, Samaneh Ghanei
name: Yazdanimoghaddam, Massood
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2016

description: The present study was an attempt to examine the impact of input flooding (IF) and textual enhancement (TIE) on EFL learners' syntactic development. Four homogenous groups were selected based on the pre-test and placement tests. During the treatment, the first group (i.e., IF) received reading comprehension passages in which the structure was flooded. The second group (i.e., TIE) received reading comprehension passages in which the structure was textually enhanced. The third group (IF + TIE) received the reading comprehension passages with the structures enhanced through both input flood and textual enhancement. The fourth group received reading texts in which the structure was neither flooded nor textually enhanced. The results showed that textual enhancement and input flooding have positive effects on the recognition and production of syntactic development. These techniques resulted in higher acquisition scores in production and recognition when combined. The findings of the present study are further discussed with implications for teachers in second/foreign language teaching.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2016)
title: Arctic Report Card 2020: The observational foundation of the Arctic Report Card – A 15-year retrospective analysis on the Arctic Observing Network (AON) and insights for the future system
Creators: name: Starkweather, S.
name: Shapiro, H.
name: Vakhutinsky, S.
name: Druckenmiller, M.
name: National Snow and Ice Data Center (U.S.)
name: United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
name: Earth System Research Laboratory (U.S.)
Publisher: name: National Snow and Ice Data Center (U.S.) University of Colorado Boulder United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research Earth System Research Laboratory (U.S.)
Year: 2020

description: Arctic Report Card
Determination of Spacecraft Attitude and Source Position Using Non-aligned Detectors in Spin-stabilized Satellites
Creators: name: Sinha, Srikanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modulation of high-energy transients' (or steadily emitting sources') light curves due to the imperfect alignment of the detector's view axis with the spin axis in a spin-stabilized satellite is derived. It is shown how the orientation of the detector's view axis with respect to the satellite's spin axis may be estimated using observed light curves. The effects of statistical fluctuations are considered. Conversely, it is shown how the attitude of a spin-axis stabilized satellite as well as the unknown position of a celestial source of high-energy photons may be determined using a detector whose view-axis is intentionally kept inclined and is known accurately beforehand. The case of three-axes stabilized satellites is also discussed.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures. Table 1 revised and extended. Fig.2 and Fig.3 modified. A reference has been added for section 5
Additional file 1 of LncRNA CCAT1 facilitates the progression of gastric cancer via PTBP1-mediated glycolysis enhancement
Creators: name: Zhang, Cong
name: Wang, Huixia
name: Liu, Qingwei
name: Dai, Suli
name: Tian, Guo
name: Wei, Xintong
name: Li, Xiaoya
name: Zhao, Lianmei
name: Shan, Baoen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1. The siRNAs. Supplementary Table S2. The primers. Fig. S1. CCAT1 was increased in many cancers. A. The TCGA and GTEx databases showed that CCAT1 was significantly upregulated across many cancers. B. The morphology of exosomes under transmission electron microscope. C. The size distribution of EVs. Fig. S2. The proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells with CCAT1 stable low-expression. A. The expression of CCAT1 in stable CCAT1 knockdown GC cells using lentiviral shRNA. B. The proliferation, C. migration and D. invasion were decreased in GC cells with CCAT1 knockdown. E. The cell cycle was arrested in G0/G1 phase in CCAT1-depleted GC cells. F. The apoptosis was increased in GC cells with CCAT1 knockdown. The statistical data are from three independent experiments and the bar indicates the SD values. Data were statistically evaluated using the Multiple unpaired t-tests (A, C and D), 2-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparisons test (B). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Fig. S3. A. Lnc2cancer3.0 database showed that the interacting proteins of CCAT1 were enriched in metabolic pathways. B-C. ECAR was reduced in GC cells with CCAT1 knockdown while that was elevated in GC cells with CCAT1 overexpression. D. Lnc2cancer3.0 database showed that CCAT1 interacted with PTBP1 protein. Data were statistically evaluated using the unpaired t-tests (B and C) with GraphPad Prism 9 software. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Fig. S4. The role of PTBP1 in the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells. A. The TCGA and GTEx databases showed that the expression of PTBP1 was significantly upregulated across many cancers. B. The proliferation, C. migration, and D. invasion were decreased in GC cells with PTBP1 knockdown and those properties were increased in GC cells with PTBP1 overexpression. E. ECAR was reduced in GC cells with PTBP1 knockdown while that was elevated in PTBP1-overexpressing GC cells. The statistical data are from three independent experiments and the bar indicates the SD values. Data were statistically evaluated using the 2-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparisons tests (B) and Multiple unpaired t-tests (E, C and D). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.
Rater Cognition in L2 Speaking Assessment: A Review of the Literature
Creators: name: Han, Qie
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2016

description: This literature review surveys representative studies within the context of L2 speaking assessment that have contributed to the conceptualization of rater cognition. Two types of studies are looked at: 1) studies that examine how raters differ (and sometimes agree) in their cognitive processes and rating behaviors, in terms of their focus and feature attention, approaches to scoring, and treatment of the scoring criteria and non-criteria relevant aspects and features of the speaking performance; 2) studies that explore why raters differ, through the analysis of the interactions between several rater background factors (i.e., rater language background, rater experience and rater training) and their rating behaviors and decision-making processes. The two types of studies have improved our understanding of the nature and the causes of rater variability in their perception and evaluation of L2 speech. However, few studies has drawn on existing theories of human information processing and research on strategy use, which can explain on a cognitive-processing (Purpura, 2014) level what goes on in raters’ mind during assessment. It is argued as a final conclusion that only based on established frameworks of human information processing and research on (meta)cognitive strategy use can rater cognition be explored with more depth and breadth.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2016)
NLS ground states on the half-line with point interactions
Creators: name: Boni, Filippo
name: Carlone, Raffaele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the existence and the uniqueness of NLS ground states of fixed mass on the half-line in the presence of a point interaction at the origin. The nonlinearity is of power type, and the regime is either $L^2$-subcritical or $L^{2}$-critical, while the point interaction is either attractive or repulsive. In the $L^{2}$-subcritical case, we prove that ground states exist for every mass value if the interaction is attractive, while ground states exist only for sufficiently large masses if the interaction is repulsive. In the latter case, if the power is less or equal to four, ground states coincide with the only bound state. If instead, the power is greater than four, then there are values of the mass for which two bound states exist, and neither of the two is a ground state, and values of the mass for which two bound states exist, and one of them is a ground state. In the $L^{2}$-critical case, we prove that ground states exist for masses strictly below a critical mass value in the attractive case, while ground states never exist in the repulsive case.
description: 17 pages
Improving Clinical, Endoscopic and Histological Outcomes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Creators: name: CHRISTENSEN, BRITT
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 320209
subject: Gastroenterology and hepatology
classificationCode: 320220
subject: Pathology (excl. oral pathology)
classificationCode: 320307
subject: Oral medicine and pathology

description: This thesis demonstrates that histologic healing in Crohn's disease and histological healing or normalisation in ulcerative colitis are associated with improved short- and long-term clinical outcomes. Vedolizumab, a novel anti-integrin medication, is effective at inducing mucosal and histological healing in IBD and can be effectively combined with calcineurin inhibitors to rapidly induce and maintain remission in patients with severe disease. However, a treatment gap remans and IBD patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis do not gain additional benefit in regard to their liver disease. These findings hold the prospect of changing both future IBD clinical care and clinical trial design.
Constraints on Conformal Windows from Holographic Duals
Creators: name: Antipin, Oleg
name: Tuominen, Kimmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a beta function with the analytic form of Novikov-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov result in the five dimensional gravity-dilaton environment. We show how dilaton inherits poles and fixed points of such beta function through the zeros and points of extremum in its potential. Super Yang-Mills and supersymmetric QCD are studied in detail and Seiberg's electric-magnetic duality in the dilaton potential is explicitly demonstrated. Non-supersymmetric proposals of similar functional form are tested and new insights into the conformal window as well as determinations of scheme-independent value of the anomalous dimension at the fixed point are presented.
description: Fig. 5b is corrected to match the discussion in the text
Trust and social class : the complex relationship between explicit stereotypes (about dispositions and situations), implicit stereotypes, and trust
Creators: name: Engstrom, Holly Rose
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Trust is vital for success in all kinds of social interactions. But how do people decide whether an individual can be trusted? The social class of the individual in question may be one important cue to trusting that they will behave in a moral and competent manner. We propose three mechanisms through which a person’s social class may influence how much we trust their morality and competence: Explicit dispositional stereotypes, explicit beliefs about situations, and implicit associations. We investigated this in two ways, with two opposing sets of findings. In Chapter Two, participants who played an economic game involving trust in morality trusted lower-class game partners more than higher-class partners. This was partially explained by people’s explicit stereotypes of lower-class people as more dispositionally moral than higher-class people. They also believed lower-class partners would be more tempted by their financial situation to betray them, but this did not predict trust. In Chapter Three, however, participants made repeated choices as to who they would trust in hypothetical scenarios involving trust in morality and in competence. Here, participants tended to trust higher-class partners in both morality and competence scenarios. We ran six additional studies testing potential explanations for the difference in results between Chapter Two and Three, finding some hints but no conclusive evidence. Finally, we considered whether implicit stereotypes might help to explain this difference. Across seven studies we developed a novel task to measure implicit associations with social class. Despite often reporting explicit stereotypes of lower- (vs. higher-) class people having more moral dispositions, people implicitly associated low social class with low morality. Both implicit and explicit morality stereotypes predicted decisions in the morality trust scenarios. We discuss additional possible resolutions to the discrepancy in results, as well as implications of our findings for understanding trust, social class stereotypes, and inequality.
Peer Interaction: A Compromise or a Necessity?
Creators: name: Kang, Katherine I.
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2015

description: In both research and practice, interaction with teachers or native speakers (NSs) has often been believed to play a facilitative role in second language (L2) development. However, as many learners in the classroom interact most frequently with other learners, there is a need to understand how peer interaction may differ from other types of interaction, such as learner-NS interaction, and how it may shape L2 development. Based on a review of studies on task-based peer interaction, this paper seeks to investigate its effect on L2 learning. The results indicate that peer interaction can benefit learners in various ways by creating opportunities to produce and modify output, receive feedback, and engage in collaborative dialogue. However, studies also found that having learners work together in itself does not automatically promote learning, and suggestions for creating more learning opportunities in peer interaction are discussed.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2015)
An evaluation of perioperative therapies re-purposed for oncoanaesthesia to improve cancer outcomes
Creators: name: JONATHAN GURNEY HILLER
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: 110301 Anaesthesiology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Recurrence of cancer following surgery accounts for 90% of cancer deaths. Surgical resection is potentially curative; however, excessive perioperative adrenergic-inflammatory response renders patients vulnerable to cancer recurrence. This research evaluated three therapies re-purposed for use during cancer resection surgery to reduce this vulnerability, specifically: spinal anaesthesia reduces perioperative lymphatic flow; the beta-adrenergic inhibitor propranolol reduces the breast cancer invasion; and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents have a limited role in reducing perioperative prostaglandin production. These findings inform future oncoanaesthesia research, and the structure of clinical trials that will optimise anaesthesia care for patients undergoing cancer surgery.
The study of transcription factors SCL and LYL1 in normal and malignant haematopoiesis
Creators: name: SUNG KAI CHIU
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110202 Haematology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This thesis aims to investigate the role of transcription factors SCL and LYL1 in normal blood production and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL). Using genetically modified mouse models to delete each factor individually, we demonstrated functional compensation between Scl and Lyl1 in red cell and platelet production. On the other hand, we showed that loss of Lyl1 delayed growth of established T-ALL and prolonged survival of transplanted mice. Although results from this study suggest that LYL1 is important for proliferation of T-ALL, further investigation will be required to determine the therapeutic potential of targeting LYL1 in acute leukaemia.
Coupling of light from an optical fiber taper into silver nanowires
Creators: name: Dong, Chun-Hua
name: Ren, Xi-Feng
name: Yang, Rui
name: Duan, Jun-Yuan
name: Guan, Jian-Guo
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: Guo, Guo-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the coupling of photons from an optical fiber taper to surface plasmon modes of silver nanowires. The launch of propagating plasmons can be realized not only at ends of the nanowires, but also at the midsection. The degree of the coupling can be controlled by adjusting the light polarization. In addition, we present the coupling of light into multiple nanowires from a single optical fiber taper simultaneously. Our demonstration offers a novel method for optimizing plasmon coupling into nanoscale metallic waveguides and promotes the realization of highly integrated plasmonic devices.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
In-plane shear capacity of 3-panel BEHLEN frameless wall system under axial compression load
Creators: name: Huang, Jingfei
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: BEHLEN frameless building is a novel structural system for low-rise, large-span building applications. The BEHLEN frameless building is made of specially corrugated cold-form steel wall, footing channels, boundary columns, ceiling plates, arched roof, and optional convex. The pre-manufactured steel components are then assembled using bolts on site. BFWS is the prime structural component to resist both vertical and lateral loads in the BEHLEN frameless building. To date, BFWS has been tested under axial compression, lateral shear, and out-of-plane bending moment. However, the capacity of BFWS subjected to combined compression and shear loads has not been examined. This thesis presents a study to evaluate the in-plane shear capacity of 3-panel BEHLEN frameless wall system (BFWS). Four full-scaled BFWS with different wall thicknesses were tested in the laboratory. Specimens were subjected to monotonic and cyclic shear displacement under constant compression loads. Damage patterns of the 3-panel BFWS were observed. The observed shear resistance – lateral displacement curves were recorded. The damage patterns were sudden interactive buckling, deformation of footing channels, and the slotting of bolt holes along panel seamlines. A detailed finite element model (FEM) was developed in Abaqus. The FEM was validated using the experimental results. The results show that the FEM was able to simulate the failure patterns and capacities of the 3-panel BFWS. Further parametric study including variation of wall thickness, wall height, and axial compression was investigated using the validated FEM. The maximum in-plane shear resistance Vₘ, and the damage patterns of the specimens were reported. The experimental and simulation results are used to estimate the maximum shear capacity of 3-panel BFWS under different levels of compression loads. The results can be used to optimize the design of the 3-panel BFWS under combined axial and shear loads.
Mitochondrial Function in Diabetic Kidney Disease: Insights from Targeting Mitochondrial Pore-forming Cell Death Proteins
Creators: name: RUNA SIGRID JOHANNA LINDBLOM
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60104 Cell Metabolism
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine

description: Diabetic kidney disease is one of the many complications that may develop in association with diabetes. Whilst lowering blood sugar and blood pressure can help prevent the loss of kidney function, additional therapies are still required. Previous studies have demonstrated that mitochondria become dysfunctional in the diabetic kidney, however, the present findings suggest that kidney mitochondria retain some capacity to adapt to the early challenges of diabetes. Further, by investigating the role of mitochondrial cell death proteins it was determined that a distinct approach will be required to improve kidney mitochondrial health in diabetes, due to their unique metabolic profile.
Computational evaluation of thermal behavior of a wickless heat pipe under various conditions
Creators: name: Al Jubori, Ayad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91503 Engineering Practice
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 91505 Heat and Mass Transfer Operations

description: Different techniques were stated in the published literature for predicting the thermal performance of wickless heat pipe (WHP) but detailed modeling results such as flow visualization, and heat transfer features through the geyser boiling occurrences inside the WHP are limited. Hence, it would be valuable to possess a CFD simulation modeling for the WHP. A two-dimensional CFD model of the WHP in ANSYS-Fluent was developed with an in-house code (user-defined functions) to enhance the simulation of the WHP operation which cannot be visualized by experimental studies. Temperature profiles and thermal resistance along the WHP have been investigated under various operating conditions in terms of filling ratios, inclination angles, and heat added. The predicted CFD results are validated against the available experiments with a good agreement. Thermal resistance along the WHP was reduced by rising the heat added. The results showed that the impact of the filling ratios on the average temperature of the evaporator wall at relatively high heat added is more clear compare with low heat added. The results highlighted that the developed CFD model of the WHP can visualize various forms of the droplet, boiling and condensation regimes, and heat transfer at different operating conditions.
Probing For New Physics and Detecting non linear vacuum QED effects using gravitational wave interferometer antennas
Creators: name: Zavattini, G.
name: Calloni, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low energy non linear QED effects in vacuum have been predicted since 1936 and have been subject of research for many decades. Two main schemes have been proposed for such a 'first' detection: measurements of ellipticity acquired by a linearly polarized beam of light passing through a magnetic field and direct light-light scattering. The study of the propagation of light through an external field can also be used to probe for new physics such as the existence of axion-like particles and millicharged particles. Their existence in nature would cause the index of refraction of vacuum to be different from unity in the presence of an external field and dependent of the polarization direction of the light propagating. The major achievement of reaching the project sensitivities in gravitational wave interferometers such as LIGO an VIRGO has opened the possibility of using such instruments for the detection of QED corrections in electrodynamics and for probing new physics at very low energies. In this paper we discuss the difference between direct birefringence measurements and index of refraction measurements. We propose an almost parasitic implementation of an external magnetic field along the arms of the VIRGO interferometer and discuss the advantage of this choice in comparison to a previously proposed configuration based on shorter prototype interferometers which we believe is inadequate. Considering the design sensitivity in the strain, for the near future VIRGO+ interferometer, of $h<2\cdot10^{-23} \frac{1}{\sqrt{\rm Hz}}$ in the range 40 Hz $- 400$ Hz leads to a variable dipole magnet configuration at a frequency above 20 Hz such that $B^{2}D \ge 13000$ T$^{2}$m/$\sqrt{\rm Hz}$ for a `first' vacuum non linear QED detection.
Linking CMR myocardial tissue characterization with cardiac performance
Creators: name: BENEDICT THOMAS COSTELLO
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 110299 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess scar in the heart muscle and flow through the heart using novel imaging techniques. The thesis has developed methods to measure scar after a heart attack and in patients with heart failure, and developed a new method of analysing blood flow as it passes through the heart chambers. This new measure of blood flow has potential to identify patients at high risk of stroke.
Static and Dynamic Structure Factors with Account of the Ion Structure for High-temperature Alkali and Alkaline Earth Plasmas
Creators: name: Sadykova, S. P.
name: Ebeling, W.
name: Tkachenko, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $e-e$, $e-i$, $i-i$ and charge-charge static structure factors are calculated for alkali and Be$^{2+}$ plasmas using the method described by Gregori et al. in \cite{bibGreg2006}. The dynamic structure factors for alkali plasmas are calculated using the method of moments \cite{bibAdam83}, \cite{bibAdam93}. In both methods the screened Hellmann-Gurskii-Krasko potential, obtained on the basis of Bogolyubov's method, has been used taking into account not only the quantum-mechanical effects but also the ion structure \cite{bib73}. PACS: 52.27.Aj (Alkali and alkaline earth plasmas, Static and dynamic structure factors), 52.25.Kn (Thermodynamics of plasmas), 52.38.Ph (X-ray scattering)
description: 12 pages, 20 figures. Dedicated to the 100th birthday of N. N. Bogolyubov
L2 Incidental Vocabulary Acquisition Through Extensive Listening to Podcasts
Creators: name: Meier, Amanda
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2015

description: During my first semester of teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) I had five hundred students. I taught ten sections of Advanced English at the University of Science and Technology in Beijing, China. Each section had fifty students, whom I met with for one and a half hours once a week. The main goal of the course was to help undergraduates with advanced English proficiency pass the College English Test, a university exit requirement for all undergraduates in China. A secondary goal of the course was to prepare students for graduate study in Englishspeaking academic environments, since a majority of them would eventually go on to graduate studies in the U.S., England, or Australia.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2015)
Off-diagonal long-range order in the ground state of the Kitaev chain
Creators: name: Ma, E. S.
name: Song, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a one-dimensional Kitaev model with uniform phase gradient pairing term. We show that the gradient constant dramatically affects the phase diagram, which consists of topologically trivial and nontrivial phases, associated with Majorana edge modes. Based on the exact solution, a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS)-pair order parameter is introduced to characterize the phase diagram by its value and nonanalytic behavior at phase boundaries. We find that this order parameter obtains its maxima at the triple critical points, at which the pairing phase gradient suppresses the single-particle scattering process due to the coherent destructive interference. In particular, we show that the ground state at such a point possesses exact off-diagonal long-range order (ODLRO), in the thermodynamic limit. Our result provides an example of a gapless $p$-wave superconducting ground state possessing ODLRO.
Simulating starspot activity jitter for spectral types F–M: realistic estimates for a representative sample of known exoplanet hosts
Creators: name: Bellotti, Stefano
name: Korhonen, Heidi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: radial velocities
starspots
activity
planetary systems

description: Stellar activity represents a serious limitation to exoplanet radial velocity (RV) searches. In fact, surface inhomogeneities due to magnetic activity such as spots produce distortions in the spectral line profiles and therefore spurious RV shifts (know as “jitter”) up to several m/s that drown small planet signals or undermine the accuracy of planetary characterisation. Modelling the spot-driven RV variability is therefore important to design efficient activity-filtering techniques and inform observing strategies. Our aim is to characterise starspots and simulate the radial velocity curves they induce to determine typical jitter amplitudes for a representative sample of known host stars spanning between F and M spectral type.