cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Z-Boson Polarization and the Higgs Boson Production Cross Section at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Amoroso, S.
name: Fiaschi, J.
name: Giuli, F.
name: Glazov, A.
name: Hautmann, F.
name: Zenaiev, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charged lepton pairs are produced copiously in high-energy hadron collisions via electroweak gauge boson exchange, and are one of the most precisely measured final states in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We propose that measurements of lepton angular distributions can be used to improve the accuracy of theoretical predictions for Higgs boson production cross sections at the LHC. To this end, we exploit the sensitivity of the lepton angular coefficient associated with the longitudinal Z-boson polarization to the parton density function (PDF) for gluons resolved from the incoming protons, in order to constrain the Higgs boson cross section from gluon fusion processes. By a detailed numerical analysis using the open-source platform xFitter, we find that high-statistics determinations of the longitudinally polarized angular coefficient at the LHC Run III and high-luminosity HL-LHC improve the PDF systematic uncertainties of the Higgs boson cross section predictions by 50% over a broad range of Higgs boson rapidities.
description: Latex, 7 pages. Version v2: comments, references and figure added, typos corrected, results unchanged
Schistochilopsis (sect. Heterogemma) Potemkin
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Scapaniaceae
Schistochilopsis

description: Schistochilopsis sect. Heterogemma (Jørg.) Potemkin,
Novosti Sist. Nizš. Rast. 38: 364, 2005 (see Potemkin 2005). BASIONYM: Lophozia sect. Heterogemma Jørg., Bergens Mus. Skr., n.s. 16: 146, 1934 (see Jørgensen 1934).
NOTE: This section also creates the autonym.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 74, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Mapping fire danger impacts on the tourism sector of the Mediterranean islands blue economy under climate change
Creators: name: Karali, Anna
name: Hatzaki, Maria
name: Giannakopoulos, Christos
name: Bacciu, Valentina
name: Briche, Elodie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: forest fires, EURO-CORDEX, tourism, islands, blue economy

description: EMS Annual Meeting Abstracts Vol. 16, EMS2019-349, 2019
description: EMS 2019
Artifact for PPoPP Liger
Creators: name: Du, Jiangsu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460605
subject: Distributed systems and algorithms

description: Distributed large model inference is still in a dilemma where balancing cost and effect. The online scenarios demand intra-operator parallelism to achieve low latency and intensive communications makes it costly. Conversely, the inter-operator parallelism can achieve high throughput with much fewer communications, but it fails to enhance the effectiveness. In this paper, we present Liger, a distributed large model inference runtime system that is of capability to achieve low latency at high throughput on the multi-GPU architecture. The key idea lies in the novel interleaved parallelism, which interleaves the computation and communication across requests. Liger enables this parallelism by carefully scheduling computation and communication kernels across requests onto multiple streams of multiple GPUs. It achieves precise control of kernel execution order efficiently by mixing use the CPU-GPU synchronization and the inter-stream synchronization. To prevent scheduling failures caused by resource contention, Liger introduces a contention factor strategy to anticipate the penalty of contention. It enables a higher degree of overlap by decomposing lengthy kernels into smaller, more manageable units at runtime.
MARKETING OF COTTON FIBER IN THE PRESENCE OF YIELD AND PRICE RISK
Creators: name: Wojciechowski, Jan
name: Ames, Glenn C.W.
name: Turner, Steven C.
name: Miller, Bill R.
name: Wojciechowski, Jan
name: Ames, Glenn C.W.
name: Turner, Steven C.
name: Miller, Bill R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Risk and Uncertainty

description: An expected utility model and a chance constrained linear programming model were used to analyze four marketing strategies and seven crop insurance alternatives in cotton marketing in Georgia. The results obtained suggest that the existing marketing tools and insurance alternatives can be used successfully as a substitute for government support.
A PROPOSED METHODOLOGY FOR ESTIMATING ECOREGIONAL VALUES FOR OUTDOOR RECREATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Creators: name: Bhat, Gajanan
name: Bergstrom, John C.
name: Bowker, James Michael
name: Cordell, H. Ken
name: Bhat, Gajanan
name: Bergstrom, John C.
name: Bowker, James Michael
name: Cordell, H. Ken
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Recreation
subject: ecoregion
subject: travel cost method
subject: truncated poisson model

description: This paper provides a methodology for the estimation of recreational demand functions and values using an ecoregional approach. Ten ecoregions in the continental US were defined based on similarly functioning ecosystem characters. The individual travel cost method was employed to estimate the recreational demand functions for activities such as motorboating and waterskiing, developed and primative camping, coldwater fishing, sightseeing and pleasure driving, and big game hunting for each ecoregions. Estimates of per trip net income value range from $12.93 to $218.38 while per day estimates range from $4.31 to $109.19. While our ecoregional approach differs conceptually from previous work, our results appear consistent with the previous travel cost method valuation studies. (Missing tables 1,2,3,4,5 and 6)
The Effects of Inertial Forces on the Dynamics of Disk Galaxies
Creators: name: Gomel, Roy
name: Zimmerman, Tomer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When dealing with galactic dynamics, or more specifically, with galactic rotation curves, one basic assumption is always taken: the frame of reference relative to which the rotational velocities are given is assumed to be inertial. In other words, fictitious forces are assumed to vanish relative to the observational frame of a given galaxy. It might be interesting, however, to explore the outcomes of dropping that assumption; that is, to search for signatures of non-inertial behavior in the observed data. In this work, we show that the very discrepancy in galaxy rotation curves could be attributed to non-inertial effects. We derive a model for spiral galaxies that takes into account the possible influence of fictitious forces and find that the additional terms in the new model, due to fictitious forces, closely resemble dark halo profiles. Following this result, we apply the new model to a wide sample of galaxies, spanning a large range of luminosities and radii. It turns out that the new model accurately reproduces the structures of the rotation curves and provides very good fittings to the data.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Rønnau, Cornelius Thomas
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1815

description: Søknad om premie for bonden Christopher Ingebrigtsen Qvigstad som har helbredet hester på Oppdal
Artifact for PPoPP Liger
Creators: name: Du, Jiangsu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460605
subject: Distributed systems and algorithms

description: Distributed large model inference is still in a dilemma where balancing cost and effect. The online scenarios demand intra-operator parallelism to achieve low latency and intensive communications makes it costly. Conversely, the inter-operator parallelism can achieve high throughput with much fewer communications, but it fails to enhance the effectiveness. In this paper, we present Liger, a distributed large model inference runtime system that is of capability to achieve low latency at high throughput on the multi-GPU architecture. The key idea lies in the novel interleaved parallelism, which interleaves the computation and communication across requests. Liger enables this parallelism by carefully scheduling computation and communication kernels across requests onto multiple streams of multiple GPUs. It achieves precise control of kernel execution order efficiently by mixing use the CPU-GPU synchronization and the inter-stream synchronization. To prevent scheduling failures caused by resource contention, Liger introduces a contention factor strategy to anticipate the penalty of contention. It enables a higher degree of overlap by decomposing lengthy kernels into smaller, more manageable units at runtime.
Bright solitons in Bose-Fermi mixtures
Creators: name: Karpiuk, Tomasz
name: Brewczyk, Miroslaw
name: Rzazewski, Kazimierz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the formation of bright solitons in a mixture of Bose and Fermi degenerate gases confined in a three-dimensional elongated harmonic trap. The Bose and Fermi atoms are assumed to effectively attract each other whereas bosonic atoms repel each other. Strong enough attraction between bosonic and fermionic components can change the character of the interaction within the bosonic cloud from repulsive to attractive making thus possible the generation of bright solitons in the mixture. On the other hand, such structures might be in danger due to the collapse phenomenon existing in attractive gases. We show, however, that under some conditions (defined by the strength of the Bose-Fermi components attraction) the structures which neither spread nor collapse can be generated. For elongated enough traps the formation of solitons is possible even at the ``natural'' value of the mutual Bose-Fermi ($^{87}$Rb -$^{40}$K in our case) scattering length.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Um retrato do paradigma factual da Ciência Aberta
Creators: name: Sousa, Ana S. S.
name: Frias Rosa, João
name: Lopes, Mafalda
name: Pinto, Sara
name: Alves, Amparo
name: Rodrigues, Diana
name: Melo, Pedro
name: Oliveira, Palmira
name: Pires, Regina
name: Silva, Rosa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão “O meu Póster em 1 minuto”, da 15ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, na Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto (ESEP), de 01 a 04 de outubro de 2024.
Memory effect of external oscillation on residual stress in a paste
Creators: name: Morita, Jumpei
name: Otsuki, Michio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the stress distribution of a paste when an external oscillation is applied. The paste memorizes the oscillation as plastic deformation. Due to the plastic deformation, the residual stress remains after the oscillation, where the residual stress distribution depends on the number of cycles in the oscillation. As this number increases, the symmetry of the stress distribution is enhanced, which is consistent with the crack patterns observed in the experiments using a drying paste.
New Strings for Old Veneziano Amplitudes III. Symplectic Treatment
Creators: name: Kholodenko, Arkady L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A d-dimensional rational polytope P is a polytope whose vertices are located at the nodes of d-dimensional Z-lattice. Consider a number of points inside the inflated polytope (with coefficient of inflation k, k=1,2, 3...). The Ehrhart polynomial of P counts the number of such lattice points (nodes) inside the inflated P and (may be) at its faces (including vertices). In Part I (hep-th/0410242) of our four parts work we noticed that the Veneziano amplitude is just the Laplace transform of the generating function (considered as a partition function in the sence of statistical mechanics) for the Ehrhart polynomial for the regular inflated simplex obtained as a deformation retract of the Fermat (hyper) surface living in complex projective space. This observation is sufficient for development of new symplectic (this work) and supersymmetric (hep-th/0411241)physical models reproducing the Veneziano (and Veneziano-like) amplitudes. General ideas (e.g.those related to the properties of Ehrhart polynomials) are illustrated by simple practical examples (e.g. use of mirror symmetry for explanation of available experimental data on pion-pion scattering) worked out in some detail. Obtained final results are in formal accord with those earlier obtained by Vergne [PNAS 93 (1996) 14238].
description: 48 pages J.Geom.Phys.(in press, available on line)
Schistochilopsis (sect. Incisae) Potemkin
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Scapaniaceae
Schistochilopsis

description: Schistochilopsis sect. Incisae (C.E.O.Jensen) Potemkin,
Novosti Sist. Nizš. Rast. 38: 364, 2005 (see Potemkin 2005). BASIONYM: Jungermannia sect. Incisae C.E.O.Jensen, Danmarks Mosser: 116, 1915 (see Jensen 1915).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 74, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
The t-Jz ladder
Creators: name: Weisse, A.
name: Bursill, R. J.
name: Hamer, C. J.
name: Weihong, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagram of the two-leg t-Jz ladder is explored, using the density matrix renormalization group method. Results are obtained for energy gaps, electron density profiles and correlation functions for the half-filled and quarter-filled cases. The effective Lagrangian velocity parameter is shown to vanish at half-filling. The behaviour of the one-hole gap in the Nagaoka limit is investigated, and found to disagree with theoretical predictions. A tentative phase diagram is presented, which is quite similar to the full t-J ladder, but scaled up by a factor of about two in coupling. Near half-filling a Luther-Emery phase is found, which may be expected to show superconducting correlations, while near quarter-filling the system appears to be in a Tomonaga-Luttinger phase.
description: 18 figures
THE ROLE OF HISTORICAL LEADERS IN THE FORMATION OF UZBEK STATEHOOD
Creators: name: Lutfiyev, Orif
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article examines the role of historical leaders in the formation of Uzbek statehood, focusing on key figures such as Amir Temur, the khans of the Bukhara, Khiva, and Kokand khanates, and modern leaders like Islam Karimov and Shavkat Mirziyoyev. It highlights how these leaders shaped the political, cultural, and economic landscape of Uzbekistan from the medieval period to the present day. The study utilizes a historical-analytical approach to trace the impact of leadership on governance, trade, military power, and cultural development, illustrating how historical legacies continue to influence modern state-building efforts in Uzbekistan. The article also discusses recent reforms under Mirziyoyev, marking a shift towards modernization and regional cooperation.
Nonequilibrium kinetic freeze-out properties in relativistic heavy ion collisions from energies employed at the RHIC beam energy scan to those available at the LHC
Creators: name: Chen, Jia
name: Deng, Jian
name: Tang, Zebo
name: Xu, Zhangbu
name: Yi, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the kinetic freeze-out properties in relativistic heavy ion collisions at different collision energies. We present a study of standard Boltzmann-Gibbs Blast-Wave (BGBW) fits and Tsallis Blast-Wave (TBW) fits performed on the transverse momentum spectra of identified hadrons produced in Au + Au collisions at collision energies of $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}=$ 7.7 - 200 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), and in Pb + Pb collisions at collision energies of $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}=$ 2.76 and 5.02 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The behavior of strange and multi-strange particles is also investigated. We found that the TBW model describes data better than the BGBW one overall, and the contrast is more prominent as the collision energy increases as the degree of non-equilibrium of the produced system is found to increase. From TBW fits, the kinetic freeze-out temperature at the same centrality shows a weak dependence of collision energy between 7.7 and 39 GeV, while it decreases as collision energy continues to increase up to 5.02 TeV. The radial flow is found to be consistent with zero in peripheral collisions at RHIC energies but sizable at LHC energies and central collisions at all RHIC energies. We also observed that the strange hadrons, with higher temperature and similar radial flow, approach equilibrium more quickly from peripheral to central collisions than light hadrons. The dependence of temperature and flow velocity on non-equilibrium parameter ($q-1$) is characterized by two second-order polynomials. Both $a$ and $dξ$ from the polynomials fit, related to the influence of the system bulk viscosity, increase toward lower RHIC energies.
Reconnection-controlled decay of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence and the role of invariants
Creators: name: Hosking, David N.
name: Schekochihin, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new theoretical picture of magnetically dominated, decaying turbulence in the absence of a mean magnetic field. We demonstrate that such turbulence is governed by the reconnection of magnetic structures, and not by ideal dynamics, as has previously been assumed. We obtain predictions for the magnetic-energy decay laws by proposing that turbulence decays on reconnection timescales, while respecting the conservation of certain integral invariants representing topological constraints satisfied by the reconnecting magnetic field. As is well known, the magnetic helicity is such an invariant for initially helical field configurations, but does not constrain non-helical decay, where the volume-averaged magnetic-helicity density vanishes. For such a decay, we propose a new integral invariant, analogous to the Loitsyansky and Saffman invariants of hydrodynamic turbulence, that expresses the conservation of the random (scaling as $\mathrm{volume}^{1/2}$) magnetic helicity contained in any sufficiently large volume. Our treatment leads to novel predictions for the magnetic-energy decay laws: in particular, while we expect the canonical $t^{-2/3}$ power law for helical turbulence when reconnection is fast (i.e., plasmoid-dominated or stochastic), we find a shallower $t^{-4/7}$ decay in the slow `Sweet-Parker' reconnection regime, in better agreement with existing numerical simulations. For non-helical fields, for which there currently exists no definitive theory, we predict power laws of $t^{-10/9}$ and $t^{-20/17}$ in the fast- and slow-reconnection regimes, respectively. We formulate a general principle of decay of turbulent systems subject to conservation of Saffman-like invariants, and propose how it may be applied to MHD turbulence with a strong mean magnetic field and to isotropic MHD turbulence with initial equipartition between the magnetic and kinetic energies.
description: 30 pages, 15 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. X
A COST-BASED MODEL OF SEASONAL PRODUCTION, WITH APPLICATION TO MILK POLICY
Creators: name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Roosen, Jutta
name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Roosen, Jutta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: efficiency
subject: market intervention
subject: quota
subject: stabilization
subject: storage subsidies

description: Milk production is seasonal in many European countries. While quantity seasonality poses capacity management problems for dairy processors, a European Union policy goal is to reduce price seasonality. After developing a model of endogenous seasonality, we study the effects of three E.U. policies on production decisions. These are private storage subsidies, production removals, and production quotas. When cost functions are seasonal in a specified way, then arbitrage opportunities interact with storage subsidies to reduce both price and consumption seasonality. But production seasonality likely increases because storage subsidies promote temporal market integration. Conditions are identified under which product market interventions increase quantity seasonality.
Schistochilopsis (sect. Obtusae) Potemkin
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Scapaniaceae
Schistochilopsis

description: Schistochilopsis sect. Obtusae (R.M.Schust.) Potemkin,
Novosti Sist. Nizš. Rast. 38: 364, 2005 (see Potemkin 2005). BASIONYM: Lophozia sect. Obtusae R.M.Schust., Hepat. Anthocerotae N. Amer. 2: 425, 1969 (see Schuster 1969).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 74, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Common Labels and Market Mechanisms
Creators: name: Boizot-Szantai, Christine
name: Lecocq, Sebastien
name: Marette, Stephan
name: Boizot-Szantai, Christine
name: Lecocq, Sebastien
name: Marette, Stephan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: competition
subject: demand estimation
subject: labels
subject: product differentiation

description: In this article, the impact of common labels is investigated with both theoretical and empirical approaches. Recent statistics regarding the egg market in France suggest that retailer brands largely adopt common labels. A simple theoretical framework enables us to determine the conditions under which producers and/or retailers with different product qualities decide to post a common label on their products. In particular, a situation of multiple equilibria (one where the label is used by the high-quality seller only and one where it is used by the low-quality seller only) is exhibited when the cost of the label is relatively large. The demand is then estimated for different segments of the French egg market, including producer/retailer brands with/without common labels. The estimates are used to derive expenditure and price elasticities and allow us to calculate welfare measures revealing a relatively large willingness-to-pay for labels.
Ever-present Majorana bound state in a generic one-dimensional superconductor with odd number of Fermi surfaces
Creators: name: Kharitonov, Maxim
name: Hankiewicz, Ewelina M.
name: Trauzettel, Björn
name: Bergeret, F. Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quasi-1D superconductor with odd number of Fermi surfaces is expected to exhibit a nondegenerate Majorana bound state at the Fermi level at its boundary with an insulator (where the latter could be an actual insulator material or vacuum, for a terminated sample). Previous explicit theoretical demonstrations of this property were done for specific microscopic models of the bulk Hamiltonian and, most importantly, of the boundary. In this work, we theoretically demonstrate that this property holds for the whole class of systems, using the symmetry-based formalism of low-energy continuum models and general boundary conditions. We derive the general form of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes low-energy Hamiltonian that is subject only to charge-conjugation symmetry $\mathcal{C}_+$ of the type $\mathcal{C}_+^2=+1$ and a few minimal assumptions. Crucially, we also derive the most general form of the boundary conditions describing the boundary with an insulator, subject only to the fundamental principle of the probability-current conservation and $\mathcal{C}_+$ symmetry. Such {\em normal-reflection} boundary conditions do not contain scattering between electrons and holes. We find that for odd number of Fermi surfaces a Majorana bound state always exists as long as the bulk is in the gapped superconducting state, irrespective of the parameters of the bulk Hamiltonian and boundary conditions. Importantly, our general model includes a possible {\em Fermi-point mismatch}, when the two Fermi points are not at exactly opposite momenta, which disfavors superconductivity. We find that the Fermi-point mismatch does {\em not} have a direct destructive effect on the Majorana bound state, in the sense that once the bulk gap is opened the bound state is always present.
description: v2: identical to the published version. 20 pages, 8 figures. The result has been generalized to an arbitrary odd number of Fermi surfaces. Sec. VI added, abstract and introduction updated
SUBSIDIES! THE OTHER INCENTIVE-BASED INSTRUMENT: THE CASE OF THE CONSERVATION RESERVE PROGRAM
Creators: name: Feng, Hongli
name: Kling, Catherine L.
name: Kurkalova, Lyubov A.
name: Secchi, Silvia
name: Feng, Hongli
name: Kling, Catherine L.
name: Kurkalova, Lyubov A.
name: Secchi, Silvia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: command-and-control policy
subject: Conservation Reserve Program
subject: market-based instrument

description: In this paper, we examine command-and-control (CAC) policies and market-based instruments (MBI) in the context of the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP). The CRP, an MBI in the form of subsidies, is by far the largest agro-environmental policy implemented to date. We compare the environmental performance of the CRP as implemented to a few counterfactual CAC polices using EPIC (Environmental Policy Integrated Climate), a bio-physical simulation model. In the context of multiple environmental indicators, no policy alternative emerges as a clear winner. The importance of the choice and design of CAC policies is emphasized.
Sharp time decay estimates for the discrete Klein-Gordon equation
Creators: name: Cuenin, Jean-Claude
name: Ikromov, Isroil A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 42B20, 35R02, 81Q05, 39A12, 35L05

description: We establish sharp time decay estimates for the the Klein-Gordon equation on the cubic lattice in dimensions $d=2,3,4$. The $\ell^1\to\ell^{\infty}$ dispersive decay rate is $|t|^{-3/4}$ for $d=2$, $|t|^{-7/6}$ for $d=3$ and $|t|^{-3/2}\log|t|$ for $d=4$. These decay rates are faster than conjectured by Kevrekidis and Stefanov (2005). The proof relies on oscillatory integral estimates and proceeds by a detailed analysis of the the singularities of the associated phase function. We also prove new Strichartz estimates and discuss applications to nonlinear PDEs and spectral theory.
description: exposition improved, some tyops corrected
Applications of cone structures to the anisotropic rheonomic Huygens' principle
Creators: name: Javaloyes, Miguel Á.
name: Pendás-Recondo, Enrique
name: Sánchez, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C50, 53C60, 53C30

description: A general framework for the description of classic wave propagation is introduced. This relies on a cone structure $C$ determined by an intrinsic space $Σ$ of velocities of propagation (point, direction and time-dependent) and an observers' vector field $\partial_t$ whose integral curves provide both a Zermelo problem for the wave and an auxiliary Lorentz-Finsler metric $G$ compatible with $C$. The PDE for the wavefront is reduced to the ODE for the $t$-parametrized cone geodesics of $C$. Particular cases include time-independence ($\partial_t$ is Killing for $G$), infinitesimally ellipsoidal propagation ($G$ can be replaced by a Lorentz metric) or the case of a medium which moves with respect to $\partial_t$ faster than the wave (the strong wind case of a sound wave), where a conic time-dependent Finsler metric emerges. The specific case of wildfire propagation is revisited.
description: Minor changes so that it matches the published version. 35 pages, 8 Figures
The photometric evolution of FU Orionis objects: disc instability and wind-envelope interaction
Creators: name: Clarke, C.
name: Lodato, G.
name: Melnikov, S. Y.
name: Ibrahimov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a photometric monitoring campaign of three well studied FU Orionis systems (FU Orionis, V1057 Cygni and V1515 Cygni) undertaken at Maidanak Observatory between 1981 and 2003. When combined with photometric data in the literature, this database provides a valuable resource for searching for short timescale variability - both periodic and aperiodic - as well as for studying the secular evolution of these systems. In the case of V1057 Cyg (which is the system exhibiting the largest changes in brightness since it went into outburst) we compare the photometric data with time dependent models. We show that prior to the end of the `plateau' stage in 1996, the evolution of V1057 Cyg in the $V-(B-V)$ colour-magnitude diagram is well represented by disc instability models in which the outburst is triggered by some agent - such as an orbiting planet - in the inner disc. Following the end of the plateau phase in 1996, the dimming and irregular variations are consistent with occultation of the source by a variable dust screen, which has previously been interpreted in terms of dust condensation events in the observed disc wind. Here we instead suggest that this effect results from the interaction between the wind and an infalling dusty envelope, the existence of this envelope having been previously invoked in order to explain the mid infrared emissio of FU Orionis systems. We discuss how this model may explain some of the photometric and spectroscopic characteristics of FU Orionis systems in general.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, MNRAS, accepted. Data files with detailed photometry can be found at http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/~giuseppe/Publications/
HACCP in Pork Processing: Costs and Benefits
Creators: name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Unnevehr, Laurian J.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Unnevehr, Laurian J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: HACCP
subject: pork
subject: processing costs

description: As public and private demand for food safety grows, firms need to be able to evaluate the optimal (least-cost) combinations of interventions to reduce pathogens. We use data from input suppliers to hog packing firms and from meat science studies to examine the cost function for pathogen reduction. An economic optimization model is used to explore the trade offs in achieving multiple pathogen reduction targets. Our data indicate costs of individual pathogen reduction technologies are in the range of $0.03 to $0.20 per carcass for hogs, and that optimal combinations of technologies may cost as much as $0.47 per carcass. The cost estimates for specific interventions show that power, water, and labor are important to achieve greater pathogen reductions. Thus operating costs for interventions are highly dependent on water and power rates. Labor costs (including training and turnover costs) are likely to become more important to holding down costs of monitoring and control. The cost issues surrounding food safety are linked to other performance issues in the meat industry. Our estimated costs of pathogen reduction measures represent less than 2% of packing costs, although we caution that the total costs of HACCP must also include monitoring and testing costs. These estimates are considerably larger than initial FSIS estimates of HACCP costs to industry, but improvements in food safety may be achieved through relatively modest investments in large plants.
Arbeitskreis rostra theologica Stuttgart - Seminar Entwicklungspolitik am Beispiel Tansanias
Creators: name: Lenz, Dieter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 20 Nr. 2 (1971): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 20, Heft 2
title: Exploring and developing methods of assessing sedentary behaviour in children
Creators: name: Hurter, L
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2020

description: Evidence suggests that sedentary behaviour (SB) is associated with adverse health outcomes. Children’s SB is a complex set of behaviours that includes different types of activities taking place in a variety of settings. Therefore, assessing children’s SB is challenging and currently no single method exists that captures the behaviour as a whole. This thesis aims to explore and develop new and existing methods of assessing children’s SB, by employing a range of quantitative and qualitative methods. Accelerometry has become a widely used method of estimating sedentary time (ST). Study 1 identified raw acceleration thresholds to classify children’s sedentary and stationary behaviours, using two accelerometer brands across three placements. Thresholds however, do not account for the postural element of SB, as per its definition. Study 2 validated the Sedentary Sphere method in children, allowing for the most likely posture classification from wrist-worn accelerometers. Study 3 added contextual information to accelerometer data by using a digitalised data capturing tool, the Digitising Children’s Data Collection (DCDC) for Health application (app). Children used the app to report their SBs daily through photos, drawings, voice recordings as well as answering a multiple-choice questionnaire. Results from the DCDC app identified specific SBs to be targeted in future interventions. Data showed distinct differences between boys and girls’ screen-based behaviours, suggesting gender-specific interventions are needed to reduce screen time. Using the DCDC app in combination with accelerometry often explained patterns of SB and physical activity observed in accelerometer data. Study 4 added information about parents’ perceptions of the factors that influence their children’s SBs. This study identified parents/carers as a target for future interventions in view of perceptions reported about PA and SB and their need for support to help reduce the time children spend using screen-based devices.
Considerations about the incompleteness of the Ehrenfest's theorem in quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Giordano, Domenico
name: Amodio, Pierluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a study motivated by our interest to examine the incompleteness of the Ehrenfest's theorem in quantum mechanics and to resolve a doubt regarding whether or not the hermiticity of the hamiltonian operator is sufficient to justify a simplification of the expression of the macroscopic-observable time derivative that promotes the one usually found in quantum-mechanics textbooks. The study develops by considering the simple quantum system "particle in one-dimensional box". We propose theoretical arguments to support the incompleteness of the Ehrenfest's theorem in the formulation he gave, in agreement with similar findings already published by a few authors, and corroborate them with the numerical example of an electric charge in an electrostatic field. The contents of this study should be useful to Bachelor and Master students; the style of the discussions is tailored to stimulate, we hope, the student's ability for independent thinking.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Fixed typo in Ref. [15]. Published in the European Journal of Physics (https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/0143-0807) on 16 September 2021 and updated on 14 October 2021
EU Enlargement and Technology Transfer to New Member States
Creators: name: Tokgoz, Simla
name: Tokgoz, Simla
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: EU enlargement
subject: technology transfer
subject: welfare

description: The European Union (EU) accomplished its biggest enlargement process in 2004 in terms of the number of countries, area, and population. This study focuses on the impact of enlargement, the resulting technology transfer on the grain sectors of the New Member States (NMS), and the consequent welfare implications. The study finds that EU enlargement has important implications for the EU and the NMS, but its impact on the world grain markets is minimal. The results show that producers in the NMS gain from accession because of higher prices, whereas consumers in most NMS face a welfare loss. Incorporating technology transfer into the accession increases the welfare gain of producers despite falling prices because of the larger supply shift. The loss of welfare for consumers in most NMS is lower in this case because of the decline in grain prices.
Comparing Perceived Sleep Quality, Practices, and Behaviors of Male and Female Elite Rugby Union Athletes with the Use of Sleep Questionnaires
Creators: name: Teece, Angus R
name: Beaven, Martyn
name: Argus, Christos K
name: Gill, Nicholas
name: Driller, Matthew
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3202
subject: Clinical sciences
classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 4207
subject: Sports science and exercise

description: Abstract::- Objective: To evaluate the differences in subjective sleep quality, quantity, and behaviors among male and female elite rugby union athletes through two common sleep questionnaires. Materials and Methods: A sample of 38 male and 27 female elite rugby union athletes filled out the Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (ASBQ) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Global scores and individual items for each questionnaire were compared to assess differences between sexes. Results: Male athletes reported significantly longer sleep duration (7 h 50 m ± 50 m versus 7h 12 m ± 58 m respectively; p ≤ 0.01; d = 0.70) and higher habitual sleep efficiency (88% versus 83% respectively; p < 0.05; d = 0.54) when compared with female athletes. Individual items of the ASBQ revealed significant differences between male and female athletes for five questions. Male athletes displayed higher instances of taking stimulants before training or competition and consuming alcohol within 4 hours of going to bed. Conversely, female athletes expressed greater thought or worry while in bed and a higher instance of training late at night. Discussion: Male athletes displayed better self-reported sleep quality and quantity than female athletes; however, the present study highlighted that male and female elite rugby union athletes face specific challenges that differ. It appears that the differences observed between male and female elite rugby union athletes may be due to differing levels of professionalism or differences in training or competition schedules.
Real-time Artificial Intelligence for Accelerator Control: A Study at the Fermilab Booster
Creators: name: John, Jason St.
name: Herwig, Christian
name: Kafkes, Diana
name: Mitrevski, Jovan
name: Pellico, William A.
name: Perdue, Gabriel N.
name: Quintero-Parra, Andres
name: Schupbach, Brian A.
name: Seiya, Kiyomi
name: Tran, Nhan
name: Schram, Malachi
name: Duarte, Javier M.
name: Huang, Yunzhi
name: Keller, Rachael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a method for precisely regulating the gradient magnet power supply at the Fermilab Booster accelerator complex using a neural network trained via reinforcement learning. We demonstrate preliminary results by training a surrogate machine-learning model on real accelerator data to emulate the Booster environment, and using this surrogate model in turn to train the neural network for its regulation task. We additionally show how the neural networks to be deployed for control purposes may be compiled to execute on field-programmable gate arrays. This capability is important for operational stability in complicated environments such as an accelerator facility.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures. Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams vol 24, issue 10. Published 18 October 2021. For associated dataset and data sheet see http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4088982
R&D SPILLOVERS IN AGRICULTURE: RESULTS FROM A TRADE MODEL
Creators: name: Tokgoz, Simla
name: Tokgoz, Simla
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: productivity
subject: R&D spillovers
subject: technical change
subject: trade

description: The objective of this study is to analyze technical change and the role of research and development (R&D) spillovers in this process for the U.S. agricultural sector. This study is composed of both a theoretical and an empirical analysis. In the theoretical analysis, a quality innovation model is used in which the R&D sector is the source of technological progress and is composed of a public and a private sector. The public R&D sector can serve either as a substitute to the private R&D sector or as a complement to it. Free trade is included in the next step of the analysis as a mechanism through which R&D spillovers are realized, along with increased market size for domestic R&D firms and increased competition from foreign R&D firms. Two different trade scenarios are utilized: a North-North and a North-South, as the United States has trade relations with both developed and developing countries. In the empirical analysis, the propositions of the model are tested for U.S. agricultural sector data. I find that R&D spillovers have a significant and positive effect on technical change as well as private R&D spending. The results indicate that the public R&D sector's complementary role outweighs its substitutability to the private R&D sector, as it is found to have a significantly positive effect on private R&D spending.
Using AI for social good in entrepreneurship: promises & perils
Creators: name: von Richthofen, Georg
name: Siebold, Nicole
name: Gümüsay, Ali Aslan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Artificial intelligence
Social good
AI for social good
Entrepreneurship

description: Artificial intelligence (AI) is viewed as a new breeding ground for entrepreneurial opportunities. While researchers agree that AI holds great potential for economic growth, one question arises: How can AI be applied for the greater good of society? In a new study, we interviewed European entrepreneurs and found that applying AI for societal entrepreneurship is associated with both specific promises and perils. In this blog post, we briefly summarize the key findings of our study and offer key recommendations for entrepreneurs.
Schistochilopsis incisa var. opacifolia Bakalin, Bryologist
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Scapaniaceae
Schistochilopsis
Schistochilopsis incisa
Schistochilopsis incisa var. opacifolia (culm. ex meyl.) bakalin,

description: Schistochilopsis incisa var. opacifolia (Culm. ex Meyl.) Bakalin,
Bryologist 114 (2): 313, 2011 (see Bakalin 2011). BASIONYM: Lophozia opacifolia Culm. ex Meyl., Beitr. Kryptogamenfl. Schweiz 6 (4): 174, 1924 (see Meylan 1924).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 74, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Decoherence by Correlated Noise and Quantum Error Correction
Creators: name: Novais, E.
name: Baranger, Harold U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the decoherence of a quantum computer in an environment which is inherently correlated in time and space. We first derive the nonunitary time evolution of the computer and environment in the presence of a stabilizer error correction code, providing a general way to quantify decoherence for a quantum computer. The general theory is then applied to the spin-boson model. Our results demonstrate that effects of long-range correlations can be systematically reduced by small changes in the error correction codes.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, Phys. Rev. Lett. in press
A Hobson’s choice : the recognition question in Canada-China relations, 1949-1950
Creators: name: Leiren, Olaf Hall
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This paper examines events surrounding Canada's negotiations on the question of recognizing the People's Republic of China in 1949 and 1950, and the reasons why the negotiations failed. The focus is on the work of officials in the Canadian Embassy in Nanking and External Affairs in Ottawa, particularly External Affairs Minster Lester B. Pearson. Both Nanking and External Affairs, Ottawa, strove to promote recognition, which was approved in principal by the Canadian government but never actualized. Pearson and his department, spurred by Canadian officials on the ground in China, chiefly Ambassador T. C. Davis and his second-in-command, China specialist Chester Ronning, favoured early recognition, as a means of influencing the Communist government away from total dependence on the Soviet Union. The Canadian government weighed the desirability of recognition against what it saw as the necessity of solidarity of the North Atlantic alliance with the United Kingdom and the United States, in particular, against what they perceived as the machinations of the Soviet Union in its perceived drive for world domination. In the final analysis the Canadian government, fearful of alienating the United States, opted for solidarity of the Western Alliance on the recognition question. The focus of the essay, based in large measure on External Affairs documents and the Pearson Papers, is to look at the recognition question and how it played out, in Canadian domestic terms, rather than in terms of Great Power relationships, which is largely the preoccupation in the historiography. A brief window of opportunity occurred in late 1949 and early 1950, when Canada might have recognized without potentially serious repercussions on Canada-US relations. That moment passed quickly and the outbreak of the Korean War and China's entry in the conflict against UN forces, essentially destroyed any opportunity for Canada and Communist China to develop normal relations.