cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Data-driven methods for complex PDEs: data assimilation and Optimal control
Creators: name: Ghosh, Souvik
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: A robust variational framework for data assimilation of time-averaged mean flow fields using a sparse set of highly noisy measurements (outliers), is presented. The numerical framework is governed by the two-dimensional, incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations with an unknown momentum forcing. This forcing, which corresponds to the divergence of the Reynolds stress tensor, is calculated from a direct-adjoint optimization procedure to reduce the deviation between the measured and assimilated velocities. A linear measure operator is used to project the assimilated field onto the low-dimensional subspace of the measurements to calculate the point-wise discrepancy and simultaneously retrieve the adjoint solutions on the high-dimensional subspace of the assimilated field. L2, L1, Huber, and hybrid loss functions are used to represent the point-wise error deviation between the measurements and the predictions. A variety of algorithms are considered to solve the optimization problem with different loss functions and their performances are evaluated. Huber and hybrid loss functions remained robust to the strong outliers in the measurement data set with its L1 contribution and also ensured the convergence to the optimal solution with its L2 contribution. The numerical data assimilation framework is applied to the case of two-dimensional laminar flow around a circular cylinder at Re = 100, and further to the case of two-dimensional laminar flow over a backward-facing step at Re = 500. The data assimilation procedure is further extended to the case of the two-dimensional turbulent flows, modeled using a one-equation Spalart-Allmaras turbulence closure model obeying the Boussinesq hypothesis. The performance of L2 and the IRLS form of regularization function is evaluated for two different cases of separated and attached turbulent flows, in the vicinity of sparse point-wise measurements. Lastly, a review study is performed to analyze the performance of different methods for the sensitivity analysis of the chaotic Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation.
Governing genes for climate change: analysing values and ideologies in Australia’s gene technology regulation
Creators: name: Salaria, Sumit
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis analyses some of the multidimensional aspects of Australia’s gene technology regulation associated with the intended novel use of this technology. It demonstrates that deliberations about the commercial gene technology licenses have been deeply shaped by competing social and scientific paradigms associated with gene technology in Australia. The contentions between the social and scientific paradigms were in turn influenced by the personal interpretations, values, ideologies, and disciplinary knowledge held by the actors who were (directly or indirectly) involved in the regulation. By analysing the scholarly literature related to this multidisciplinary topic, I was able to demonstrate that the Australian gene technology framework favoured scientific concerns in comparison to broader social concerns as it fails to incorporate or adequately address the opinions of the GTECCC members and the Australian public (both lay and informed). The contentions amongst the social and scientific paradigms were further identified and analysed at the level of expert committee stakeholders by interviewing two members from the GTECCC and the GTTAC, respectively. The resulting discussions reflected the deep chasm that lay between the working of these two integral committees by elucidating the personal opinions and values of these two members
Quantification and Characterization of Leakage Errors
Creators: name: Wood, Christopher J.
name: Gambetta, Jay M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general framework for the quantification and characterization of leakage errors that result when a quantum system is encoded in the subspace of a larger system. To do this we introduce new metrics for quantifying the coherent and incoherent properties of the resulting errors, and we illustrate this framework with several examples relevant to superconducting qubits. In particular, we propose two quantities: the leakage and seepage rates, which together with average gate fidelity allow for characterizing the average performance of quantum gates in the presence of leakage and show how the randomized benchmarking protocol can be modified to enable the robust estimation of all three quantities for a Clifford gate set.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, and appendices
No domain left behind: is Let's Encrypt democratizing encryption?
Creators: name: Aertsen, Maarten
name: Korczyński, Maciej
name: Moura, Giovane C. M.
name: Tajalizadehkhoob, Samaneh
name: Berg, Jan van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The 2013 National Security Agency revelations of pervasive monitoring have lead to an "encryption rush" across the computer and Internet industry. To push back against massive surveillance and protect users privacy, vendors, hosting and cloud providers have widely deployed encryption on their hardware, communication links, and applications. As a consequence, the most of web traffic nowadays is encrypted. However, there is still a significant part of Internet traffic that is not encrypted. It has been argued that both costs and complexity associated with obtaining and deploying X.509 certificates are major barriers for widespread encryption, since these certificates are required to established encrypted connections. To address these issues, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, Mozilla Foundation, and the University of Michigan have set up Let's Encrypt (LE), a certificate authority that provides both free X.509 certificates and software that automates the deployment of these certificates. In this paper, we investigate if LE has been successful in democratizing encryption: we analyze certificate issuance in the first year of LE and show from various perspectives that LE adoption has an upward trend and it is in fact being successful in covering the lower-cost end of the hosting market.
Two-dimensional dissipative rogue waves due to time-delayed feedback in cavity nonlinear optics
Creators: name: Tlidi, Mustapha
name: Panajotov, Krassimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a way to generate a two-dimensional rogue waves in two types of broad area nonlinear optical systems subject to time-delayed feedback: in the generic Lugiato-Lefever model and in model of a broad-area surface-emitting laser with saturable absorber. The delayed feedback is found to induce a spontaneous formation of rogue waves. In the absence of delayed feedback, spatial pulses are stationary. The rogue waves are exited and controlled by the delay feedback. We characterize their formation by computing the probability distribution of the pulse height. The long-tailed statistical contribution which is often considered as a signature of the presence of rogue waves appears for sufficiently strong feedback. The generality of our analysis suggests that the feedback induced instability leading to the spontaneous formation of two-dimensional rogue waves is an universal phenomenon.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of Using single-nucleus RNA-sequencing to interrogate transcriptomic profiles of archived human pancreatic islets
Creators: name: Basile, Giorgio
name: Kahraman, Sevim
name: Dirice, Ercument
name: Pan, Hui
name: Dreyfuss, Jonathan M.
name: Kulkarni, Rohit N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Number of different types of droplets, reads and genes generated by scRNA-seq and snRNA-seq in cultured or transplanted human islets.
The Development and Promotion of Environmentally Sustainable Food Products in South Africa
Creators: name: Owusu-Sekyere, Enoch
name: Jordaan, Henry
name: Owusu-Sekyere, Enoch
name: Jordaan, Henry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Carbon footprint
subject: compensating surplus
subject: sustainable products
subject: water footprint
subject: welfare implications

description: The purpose of this paper was to estimate consumers’ preferences for environmentally sustainable beef products, with the aim of developing and promoting environmentally sustainable products in South Africa. The findings reveal that there is profound preference heterogeneity at segment level for environmentally sustainable beef products. Three distinct consumer segments were identified. We demonstrate that socioeconomic factors, public awareness creation and campaigns on threats posed by climate changes, subjective and objective knowledge on environmental sustainability significantly explain consumers’ choice of environmentally sustainable beef products. Furthermore, it is concluded that there are relevant segmental equity issues that need to be addressed when designing environmental sustainability policies to promote environmentally sustainable products. Finally, we demonstrate that there is a potential market for environmentally sustainable products in South Africa.
Breakdown of steady-state superradiance in extended driven atomic arrays
Creators: name: Ostermann, Stefan
name: Rubies-Bigorda, Oriol
name: Zhang, Victoria
name: Yelin, Susanne F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in generating well controlled dense arrangements of individual atoms in free space have generated interest in understanding how the extended nature of these systems influences superradiance phenomena. Here, we provide an in-depth analysis on how space-dependent light-shifts and decay rates induced by dipole-dipole interactions modify the steady-state properties of coherently driven arrays of quantum emitters. We characterize the steady-state phase diagram, with particular focus on the radiative properties in the steady-state. Interestingly, we find that diverging from the well-established Dicke paradigm of equal all-to-all interactions significantly modifies the emission properties. In particular, the prominent quadratic scaling of the radiated light intensity with particle number in the steady-state -- a hallmark of steady-state Dicke superradiance -- is entirely suppressed, resulting in only linear scaling with particle number. We show that this breakdown of steady-state superradiance occurs due to the emergence of additional dissipation channels that populate not only superradiant states but also subradiant ones. The additional contribution of subradiant dark states in the dynamics leads to a divergence in the time scales needed to achieve steady-states. Building on this, we further show that measurements taken at finite times for extended atom ensembles reveal properties closely mirroring the idealized Dicke scenario.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 2: of Exercise and reproductive function in polycystic ovary syndrome: protocol of a systematic review
Creators: name: Santos, Isis Dos
name: Romilson De Lima Nunes
name: Soares, Gustavo
name: Tecia De Oliveira MaranhĂŁo
name: Dantas, Paulo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Search strategy for PUBMED. (PDF 8Â kb)
Exploring territorial embeddedness in rural entrepreneurship: a case-study in a remote rural area of Italy
Creators: name: De Rosa, Marcello
name: Bartoli, Luca
name: Pia, Maria
name: De Rosa, Marcello
name: Bartoli, Luca
name: Pia, Maria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: entrepreneurship
subject: rural embeddedness
subject: Italian farms

description: Entrepreneurship has become a key success factor for rural businesses. This paper puts forwards the distinction between rural entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship in the rural and deals with definition and measurement of entrepreneurial anchoring in rural contexts, by focusing on different dimensions of territorial embeddedness. More precisely, the paper aims at testing eventual links between levels of embeddedness and the entrepreneurial profile of farmers. Three-fold embeddedness is individuated: Societal embeddedness, Network embeddedness and Territorial embeddedness. Area under study is localised in central Italy, in an extremely rural context marked by depopulation processes and marginalisation of economic activities. Through the help of a questionnaires submitted to a sample of farmers, a cluster analysis has been carried out with the purpose of aggregating homogeneous farms in relation to their rural embeddedness. Results evidence a diversified set of embeddedness to which different degree of entrepreneurial orientation and performance are linked.
Representations of Arabs and Muslims in the outback in Australian literature and film: 1890-2011
Creators: name: Claringbold, Erin
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis examines the representation (and self-representation) of Arabs and Muslims in the outback in Australian literature and film in the period beginning in 1890 and ending in 2011. Much of this analysis focuses upon portrayals of the 'Afghan' cameleers, as the first Muslim and Arab community that emigrated to and settled in White Australia, and whose presence in Australia garnered significant public attention. While recent focus has been given to a recovery of the cameleer history, this thesis seeks to address the dearth of attention paid to how this history became translated into fictional portrayals. -- The thesis argues that the representation of the Afghan cameleers, while drawing upon Orientalist and colonialist ideologies and bodies of knowledge, helped to establish a tradition of Arab and Muslim representation that is specific to Australia. This tradition of representation is framed by two major practices of 'deviance and absence', wherein Muslims and Arabs are simultaneously demonized and imagined as external to Australia. Despite historical shifts in attitudes, these practices have carried through to current imaginings of Arabs and Muslims in Australia and are most evident in post 9/11 Islamophobic discourse. -- The focus upon representations of Arabs and Muslims in the outback is premised upon the significance of this landscape as a space of inherent political and national significance within the Australian imaginary. How Australia has imagined itself with relation to Arabs and Muslims is effectively allegorised in their fictional portrayal within this landscape, where they are often portrayed as those who encroach, invade, corrupt and devalue the outback, and by extension the nation. Alternatively, they are absented from the landscape altogether, their history co-opted either by white men or by the camel, which metonymically displaces them. -- In relation to these representations, the thesis also examines evidence of a tradition of counter-discourse, extending from 1890-2011, which has sought to fight against these absenting or demonizing practices and to emplace the cameleers within Australia's historical narrative. As part of this counter-discourse, attention is also paid to Muslim-Australian self-representations in the outback (unconnected to the Afghan cameleer history) and the most recent evolution of this tradition in refugee literature set in the outback, either inside or outside of detention centres.
Scalable System Scheduling for HPC and Big Data
Creators: name: Reuther, Albert
name: Byun, Chansup
name: Arcand, William
name: Bestor, David
name: Bergeron, Bill
name: Hubbell, Matthew
name: Jones, Michael
name: Michaleas, Peter
name: Prout, Andrew
name: Rosa, Antonio
name: Kepner, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the rapidly expanding field of parallel processing, job schedulers are the "operating systems" of modern big data architectures and supercomputing systems. Job schedulers allocate computing resources and control the execution of processes on those resources. Historically, job schedulers were the domain of supercomputers, and job schedulers were designed to run massive, long-running computations over days and weeks. More recently, big data workloads have created a need for a new class of computations consisting of many short computations taking seconds or minutes that process enormous quantities of data. For both supercomputers and big data systems, the efficiency of the job scheduler represents a fundamental limit on the efficiency of the system. Detailed measurement and modeling of the performance of schedulers are critical for maximizing the performance of a large-scale computing system. This paper presents a detailed feature analysis of 15 supercomputing and big data schedulers. For big data workloads, the scheduler latency is the most important performance characteristic of the scheduler. A theoretical model of the latency of these schedulers is developed and used to design experiments targeted at measuring scheduler latency. Detailed benchmarking of four of the most popular schedulers (Slurm, Son of Grid Engine, Mesos, and Hadoop YARN) are conducted. The theoretical model is compared with data and demonstrates that scheduler performance can be characterized by two key parameters: the marginal latency of the scheduler $t_s$ and a nonlinear exponent $α_s$. For all four schedulers, the utilization of the computing system decreases to < 10\% for computations lasting only a few seconds. Multilevel schedulers that transparently aggregate short computations can improve utilization for these short computations to > 90\% for all four of the schedulers that were tested.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures
MOESM6 of Leaf-GP: an open and automated software application for measuring growth phenotypes for arabidopsis and wheat
Creators: name: Zhou, Ji
name: Applegate, Christopher
name: Albor Alonso
name: Reynolds, Daniel
name: Orford, Simon
name: Mackiewicz, Michal
name: Griffiths, Simon
name: Penfield, Steven
name: Pullen, Nick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 6. The analysis workflow and a detailed activity diagram of Leaf-GP.
Latent event history models for quasi-reaction systems
Creators: name: Framba, Matteo
name: Vinciotti, Veronica
name: Wit, Ernst C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various processes can be modelled as quasi-reaction systems of stochastic differential equations, such as cell differentiation and disease spreading. Since the underlying data of particle interactions, such as reactions between proteins or contacts between people, are typically unobserved, statistical inference of the parameters driving these systems is developed from concentration data measuring each unit in the system over time. While observing the continuous time process at a time scale as fine as possible should in theory help with parameter estimation, the existing Local Linear Approximation (LLA) methods fail in this case, due to numerical instability caused by small changes of the system at successive time points. On the other hand, one may be able to reconstruct the underlying unobserved interactions from the observed count data. Motivated by this, we first formalise the latent event history model underlying the observed count process. We then propose a computationally efficient Expectation-Maximation algorithm for parameter estimation, with an extended Kalman filtering procedure for the prediction of the latent states. A simulation study shows the performance of the proposed method and highlights the settings where it is particularly advantageous compared to the existing LLA approaches. Finally, we present an illustration of the methodology on the spreading of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy.
The L - σ relation for HII galaxies in green
Creators: name: Melnick, Jorge
name: Telles, Eduardo
name: Bordalo, Vinicius
name: Chávez, Ricardo
name: Fernández-Arenas, David
name: Terlevich, Elena
name: Terlevich, Roberto
name: Bresolin, Fabio
name: Plionis, Manolis
name: Basilakos, Spyros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlation between emission-line luminosity (L) and profile width (sigma) for HII Galaxies provides a powerful method to measure the distances to galaxies over a wide range of redshifts. In this paper we use SDSS spectrophotometry to explore the systematics of the correlation using the [OIII]5007 lines instead of Halpha or Hbeta to measure luminosities and line widths. We also examine possible systematic effects involved in measuring the profile-widths and the luminosities through different apertures. We find that the green L-sigma relation defined using [OIII]5007 luminosities is significantly more sensitive than Hbeta to the effects of age and the physical conditions of the nebulae, which more than offsets the advantage of the higher strength of the [OIII]5007 lines. We then explore the possibility of mixing [OIII]5007 profile-widths with SDSS Hbeta luminosities using the Hubble constant H0 to quantify the possible systematic effects. We find the mixed L(Hbeta) sigma[OIII] relation to be at least as powerful as the canonical L-sigma relation as a distance estimator, and we show that the evolutionary corrections do not change the slope and the scatter of the correlation, and therefore, do not bias the L-sigma distance indicator at high redshifts. Locally, however, the luminosities of the Giant HII Regions that provide the zero-point calibrators are sensitive to evolutionary corrections and may bias the Hubble constant if their mean ages, as measured by the equivalent widths of Hbeta, are significantly different from the mean age of the HII Galaxies. Using a small sample of 16 ad-hoc zero point calibrators we obtain a value of H0 = 66.4\pm4.5 km s^-1 Mpc^-1 for the Hubble constant, which is fully consistent with the best modern determinations, and that is not biased by evolutionary corrections.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication by A&A
Which genre? Which patterns?: Communicating thought and self through the labyrinth of the historical literary text type of War and peace
Creators: name: Naja, Joumana
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This dissertation focuses on the effects of discoursal variables on the genre of an English translation of War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy. In the identification of microdiscoursal tools of transitivity and ergative case, metafunctions, fictional voice and event types, this research illustrates how the generic design of this literary text is particularly not close to a novel. This paper identifies the topology of this rendered text as an amalgamation of sub-genre. The oscillation between infinitesimal and historical events is examined to pinpoint the nature such a genre. Systemic Functional Linguistic discourse and genre theories are utilised in this generic investigation. In-depth qualitative and quantitative procedures are employed in the discoursal prominence analyses. The discoursal variables show a reflective influence on the architecture of the text's genre.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0235
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0235, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0235, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Searching for galaxy clusters in the Kilo-Degree Survey
Creators: name: Radovich, M.
name: Puddu, E.
name: Bellagamba, F.
name: Roncarelli, M.
name: Moscardini, L.
name: Bardelli, S.
name: Grado, A.
name: Getman, F.
name: Maturi, M.
name: Huang, Z.
name: Napolitano, N.
name: McFarland, J.
name: Valentijn, E.
name: Bilicki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present the tools used to search for galaxy clusters in the Kilo Degree Survey (KiDS), and our first results. The cluster detection is based on an implementation of the optimal filtering technique that enables us to identify clusters as over-densities in the distribution of galaxies using their positions on the sky, magnitudes, and photometric redshifts. The contamination and completeness of the cluster catalog are derived using mock catalogs based on the data themselves. The optimal signal to noise threshold for the cluster detection is obtained by randomizing the galaxy positions and selecting the value that produces a contamination of less than 20%. Starting from a subset of clusters detected with high significance at low redshifts, we shift them to higher redshifts to estimate the completeness as a function of redshift: the average completeness is ~ 85%. An estimate of the mass of the clusters is derived using the richness as a proxy. We obtained 1858 candidate clusters with redshift 0 < z_c < 0.7 and mass 13.5 < log(M500/Msun) < 15 in an area of 114 sq. degrees (KiDS ESO-DR2). A comparison with publicly available Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)-based cluster catalogs shows that we match more than 50% of the clusters (77% in the case of the redMaPPer catalog). We also cross-matched our cluster catalog with the Abell clusters, and clusters found by XMM and in the Planck-SZ survey; however, only a small number of them lie inside the KiDS area currently available.
description: 13 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics
Additional file 4 of Using single-nucleus RNA-sequencing to interrogate transcriptomic profiles of archived human pancreatic islets
Creators: name: Basile, Giorgio
name: Kahraman, Sevim
name: Dirice, Ercument
name: Pan, Hui
name: Dreyfuss, Jonathan M.
name: Kulkarni, Rohit N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S3. Number of endocrine and exocrine pancreatic cell types predicted in scRNA-seq or snRNA-seq of cultured or transplanted human islets following harmonization.
MOESM2 of Estimating species pools for a single ecological assemblage
Creators: name: Tsung-Jen Shen
name: Youhua Chen
name: Chen, You-Fang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. R code for applying the proposed method to the estimation of species pools.
Quercetin induces pathogen resistance through the increase of salicylic acid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis
Creators: name: An, Jonguk
name: Kim, Sun Ho
name: Bahk, Sunghwa
name: Le Anh Pham, Minh
name: Park, Jaemin
name: Ramadany, Zakiyah
name: Lee, Jeongwoo
name: Hong, Jong Chan
name: Chung, Woo Sik
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Quercetin is a flavonol belonging to the flavonoid group of polyphenols. Quercetin is reported to have a variety of biological functions, including antioxidant, pigment, auxin transport inhibitor and root nodulation factor. Additionally, quercetin is known to be involved in bacterial pathogen resistance in Arabidopsis through the transcriptional increase of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying how quercetin promotes pathogen resistance remain elusive. In this study, we showed that the transcriptional increases of PR genes were achieved by the monomerization and nuclear translocation of nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related proteins 1 (NPR1). Interestingly, salicylic acid (SA) was approximately 2-fold accumulated by the treatment with quercetin. Furthermore, we showed that the increase of SA biosynthesis by quercetin was induced by the transcriptional increases of typical SA biosynthesis-related genes. In conclusion, this study strongly suggests that quercetin induces bacterial pathogen resistance through the increase of SA biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.
Dispersion-minimizing quadrature rules for $C^1$ quadratic isogeometric analysis
Creators: name: Deng, Quanling
name: Bartoň, Michael
name: Puzyrev, Vladimir
name: Calo, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop quadrature rules for the isogeometric analysis of wave propagation and structural vibrations that minimize the discrete dispersion error of the approximation. The rules are optimal in the sense that they only require two quadrature points per element to minimize the dispersion error [1], and they are equivalent to the optimized blending rules we recently described. Our approach further simplifies the numerical integration: instead of blending two three-point standard quadrature rules, we construct directly a single two-point quadrature rule that reduces the dispersion error to the same order for uniform meshes with periodic boundary conditions. Also, we present a 2.5-point rule for both uniform and non-uniform meshes with arbitrary boundary conditions. Consequently, we reduce the computational cost by using the proposed quadrature rules. Various numerical examples demonstrate the performance of these quadrature rules.
description: 15pages
MOESM1 of Microbial diversity of saline environments: searching for cytotoxic activities
Creators: name: Díaz-Cárdenas, Carolina
name: Cantillo, Angela
name: Rojas, Laura
name: Sandoval, Tito
name: Fiorentino, Susana
name: Robles, Jorge
name: Ramos, Freddy
name: Zambrano, María
name: Baena, Sandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Cultures conditions for cytotoxic activity screening assays. Table S2. Physicochemical characteristics of sampling sites in the salt mine in Zipaquirá.
Sketches in higher category theory
Creators: name: Tuyeras, Remy Vincent
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: A sketch, in the sense of Charles Ehresmann, provides the data needed to specify a type of mathematical structure. The category of structures for a given sketch has good properties assured by the existence of reflection functors from presheaf categories. For example, a Grothendieck site is an example of a sketch and the reflection functor assigns the sheaf associated to a presheaf. The present thesis proposes a generalisation of sketch for higher categories. The motivation for this comes from homotopy theory rather than universal algebra. For the requisite homotopy structure on a category, we introduce vertebral categories and spinal categories, rather than starting with a Quillen model category where the weak equivalences are part of the data. For us, the weak equivalences are defined from the vertebrae in much the same way as they are constructed from discs and spheres in topology. The categories of structures for our generalised sketches are categories of fibrant objects in the usual cases. Categories of stacks and spectra are examples. Moreover, our construct of the reflection functor is an extension of the small object argument of Quillen. Finally, using our algorithm for constructing weak equivalences, we show that Grothendieck's [infinity]-groupoids form a spinal category. By combining all the results developed in the present thesis, future work will aim at proving that the category of [infinity]-groupoids admits a Quillen model structure and satisfies the 'Homotopy Hypothesis' (conjectured by Grothendieck in 1983 and still unproved).
One-shot holography
Creators: name: Akers, Chris
name: Levine, Adam
name: Penington, Geoff
name: Wildenhain, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the work of [2008.03319], we define a generally covariant max-entanglement wedge of a boundary region $B$, which we conjecture to be the bulk region reconstructible from $B$. We similarly define a covariant min-entanglement wedge, which we conjecture to be the bulk region that can influence the state on $B$. We prove that the min- and max-entanglement wedges obey various properties necessary for this conjecture, such as nesting, inclusion of the causal wedge, and a reduction to the usual quantum extremal surface prescription in the appropriate special cases. These proofs rely on one-shot versions of the (restricted) quantum focusing conjecture (QFC) that we conjecture to hold. We argue that these QFCs imply a one-shot generalized second law (GSL) and quantum Bousso bound. Moreover, in a particular semiclassical limit we prove this one-shot GSL directly using algebraic techniques. Finally, in order to derive our results, we extend both the frameworks of one-shot quantum Shannon theory and state-specific reconstruction to finite-dimensional von Neumann algebras, allowing nontrivial centers.
description: 84 pages, 8 figures, v2 added clarifications
Tolerance and adaptation characteristics of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) to low nitrogen supply
Creators: name: Li, Jiajia
name: Liu, Xinyu
name: Yao, Qi
name: Xu, Lingqing
name: Li, Wangsheng
name: Tan, Wenbo
name: Wang, Qiuhong
name: Xing, Wang
name: Liu, Dali
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Nitrogen (N) is an essential element required for sugar beet growth. Sugar beets with low N (LN) tolerance and high N use efficiency are excellent materials for breeding. Here, we comprehensively evaluated the morphological and physiological responses of nine sugar beet genotypes to LN supply. It was found that 0.5 mmol·L−1 N (LN) significantly influenced the performance of leaves and the topology of roots by reducing the bioproduction of chlorophyll a (Chl a) and soluble protein (SP) and the accumulation of N in leaves and roots (LNA and RNA), thus differentially restricting the growth (hypocotyl diameter, HD; root length, RL) and biomass (leaf and root fresh weight; LFW and RFW; leaf dry weight, LDW) of these sugar beets. Principal component and cluster analyses showed that 780016B/12 superior (F) exhibited excellent tolerance to LN; it had higher SOD activity (62.70%) and APX activity (188.92%) and a higher proline content (131.82%) than 92011 (G, LN sensitive). These attributes helped 780016B/12 superior (F) to better endure LN stress, and the morphology and N distribution changed to adapt to N deficiency, such that the root length increased by 112.48%, leaf area increased by 101.23%, and leaf nitrogen accumulation reached a peak of 14.13 g/plant. It seems that LN-tolerant genotypes increased their root length and surface area by reducing the difference in biomass, thereby expanding the contact between roots and soil, which was conducive to the absorption of nutrients (N) by sugar beets and helped distribute more assimilation products to the roots.
Bezier developable surfaces
Creators: name: Fernández-Jambrina, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65D17

description: In this paper we address the issue of designing developable surfaces with Bezier patches. We show that developable surfaces with a polynomial edge of regression are the set of developable surfaces which can be constructed with Aumann's algorithm. We also obtain the set of polynomial developable surfaces which can be constructed using general polynomial curves. The conclusions can be extended to spline surfaces as well.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, Computer Aided Geometric Design special number in memoriam Professor Gerald Farin
Multi-character processing intervention in an English-speaking child with dyslexia
Creators: name: Fokina, Iuliia
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The aims of this study were to determine (1) whether multi-character processing can be trained; and if so, (2) can it lead to improvements in reading and (3) other cognitive skills. We further aimed to investigate (4) whether training of multi-character processing improves visual attention span. We report a single case intervention study with an English-speaking girl with dyslexia, YR (8 years, 10 months), who also had a deficit in multi-character processing. We administered various cognitive skills measures (e.g. reading skills, visual working memory capacity, visual short-term memory capacity, rapid automatized naming, visual attention span) twice before and once after the intervention in order to clarify the relationship between multi-character processing and reading and to uncover cognitive mechanisms causally related to a deficit in multi-character processing. We compared YR's results to seven age-matched typical readers (mean age 8 years, 9 months). YR's multi-character processing skills improved significantly after the intervention, but there was no improvement observed in her reading skills. The findings are discussed within theoretical reading models
Additional file 1 of Using single-nucleus RNA-sequencing to interrogate transcriptomic profiles of archived human pancreatic islets
Creators: name: Basile, Giorgio
name: Kahraman, Sevim
name: Dirice, Ercument
name: Pan, Hui
name: Dreyfuss, Jonathan M.
name: Kulkarni, Rohit N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of human islet donors and human islet preparations used for single-cell or single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis.
Additional file 4: of Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of secukinumab in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized, double-blind phase 3 study, MEASURE 3
Creators: name: Pavelka, Karel
name: Kivitz, Alan
name: Dokoupilova, Eva
name: Blanco, Ricardo
name: Maradiaga, Marco
name: Tahir, Hasan
name: Luminita Pricop
name: Andersson, Mats
name: Readie, Aimee
name: Porter, Brian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: SIOQ domain scores over week 16. Overall patient experience with secukinumab administration via the pre-filled syringes was assessed over time from baseline (PRE module) to week 16 (POST modules) by SIAQ domains: (a) feeling about self-injection; (b) self-confidence and (c) satisfaction with self-injection. SIAQ, Self-Injection Assessment Questionnaire. (PDF 781 kb)
From Cooper-pair glass to unconventional superconductivity: a unified approach to cuprates and pnictides
Creators: name: Sacks, William
name: Mauger, Alain
name: Noat, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a microscopic model wherein the unconventional superconductivity emerges from an incoherent `Cooper-pair glass' state. Driven by the pair-pair interaction, a new type of quasi-Bose phase transition is at work. The interaction leads to the unconventional coupling of the quasiparticles to excited pair states, or `super-quasiparticles', with a non-retarded energy-dependent gap. The model describes quantitatively the quasiparticle excitation spectra of both cuprates and pnictides, including the universal `peak-dip-hump' signatures, and for the pseudogap phase above $T_c$. The results show that instantaneous pair-pair interactions account for the SC condensation without a collective mode.
description: One reference was corrected
Deriving Characteristic Mode Eigenvalue Behavior Using Subduction of Group Representations
Creators: name: Grundmann, Lukas
name: Warkentin, Lukas
name: Manteuffel, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A method to derive features of modal eigenvalue traces from known and understood solutions is proposed. It utilizes the concept of subduction from point group theory to obtain the symmetry properties of a target structure from those of a structure with a higher order of symmetry. This is applied exemplary to the analytically known characteristic modes (CMs) of the spherical shell. {The eigenvalue behavior of a cube in free-space is derived from it numerically. In this process, formerly crossing eigenvalue traces are found to split up, forming a macroscopic crossing avoidance (MACA). This finding is used to explain indentations in eigenvalue traces observed for 3-D structures, which are of increasing interest in recent literature. The utility of this knowledge is exemplified through a demonstrator antenna design. Here, the subduction procedure is used to analytically predict the eigenvalues of a cuboid on a perfectly electrically conducting plane. The a priori knowledge about the MACA is used to avoid its negative impact on input matching and the frequency stability of the far-field patterns, by choosing the dimensions of the antenna structure so the MACA is outside the target frequency range.
description: Author's pre-print, copyright 2024 IEEE
Characterization of fab2 T-DNA insertion mutants in terms of fatty acid composition and plant phenotype
Creators: name: Park, Mid-Eum
name: Lee, Hye Ji
name: Kim, Inyoung
name: Kim, Hyun Uk
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Fatty acid biosynthesis 2 (FAB2) is an essential enzyme responsible for the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in chloroplast membrane lipids found in leaves and triacylglycerols (TAG) in seeds. FAB2 functions at the junction of saturated to unsaturated fatty acid conversion in chloroplasts by converting 18:0-ACP to 18:1-ACP. In the present study, plant growth and seed phenotypes were examined in three Arabidopsis T-DNA mutants (fab2–1, fab2–2, and fab2–3). The three fab2 T-DNA mutants exhibited increased 18:0 fatty acid content in both the leaves and seeds. The degree of growth inhibition of the fab2 mutant was proportional to the increase in 18:0 and decrease in 18:3 fatty acids present in the leaves. The FAB2 mutation affected seed yield but not the seed phenotype. This result indicates that FAB2 affects the fatty acid composition of the leaf chloroplast membrane more than seed TAG. In summary, the characteristics of these three fab2 mutants provide information for studying leaf membrane lipid and seed oil biosynthesis.
The effect of rim angle on parabolic dishes for high thermal performance and radiation concentration
Creators: name: Allam, Raaid
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: In this research concentrated solar power (CSP) technologies have been studied. The history of solar concentration deployment and commissioning have been mentioned. Solar parabolic concantrators have been chosen as the main field of research. Therefore, determining the rim angle is an important factor when developing solar parabolic dishes. A testing rig was developed to investigate the effects of three rim angles (30°, 45° & 60°) on the concentration ratio and thermal performance of the system. A solar simulator was used to test the dishes which emit rays having the same quality as the sun. It was determined that the 60° rim angle can provide the highest contration ratio and thermal performance, although the efficiencies of the system for other ngles are more stable.