cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Why Noether symmetry of F(R) theory yields three-half power law?
Creators: name: Sarkar, Kaushik
name: Sk., Nayem
name: Ruz, Soumendranath
name: Debnath, Subhra
name: Sanyal, Abhik Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noether symmetry of F(R) theory of gravity in vacuum or in matter dominated era yields three-half power law of R. We show that this particular curvature invariant term is very special in the context of isotropic and homogeneous cosmological model as it makes the first fundamental form cyclic. As a result, it allows a unique power law solution, typical for this particular fourth order theory of gravity, both in the vacuum and in the matter dominated era. This power law solution has been found to be quite good to explain the early stage but not so special and useful to explain the late stage of cosmological evolution. The usefulness of Palatini variational technique in this regard has also been discussed.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Co-production of randomized clinical trials with patients: a case study in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant for patients with scleroderma
Creators: name: Aguiar, Magda
name: Laba, Tracey-Lea
name: Munro, Sarah
name: Burch, Tiasha
name: Beckett, Jennifer
name: Kaal, K. Julia
name: Bansback, Nick
name: Hudson, Marie
name: Harrison, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The level of involvement of patient-partners throughout this project.
Does the design and implementation of proven innovations for delivering basic primary health care services in rural communities fit the urban setting...
Creators: name: Adongo, Philip
name: Phillips, James F
name: Aikins, Moses
name: Arhin, Doris
name: Schmitt, Margaret L.
name: Nwameme, Adanna
name: Tabong, Philip Teg-Nefaah
name: Binka, Fred
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Urban poor--Health and hygiene
Public health

description: Background: Rapid urban population growth is of global concern as it is accompanied with several new health challenges. The urban poor who reside in informal settlements are more vulnerable to these health challenges. Lack of formal government public health facilities for the provision of health care is also a common phenomenon among communities inhabited by the urban poor. To help ameliorate this situation, an innovative urban primary health system was introduced in urban Ghana, based on the milestones model developed with the rural Community-Based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) system. This paper provides an overview of innovative experiences adapted while addressing these urban health issues, including the process of deriving constructive lessons needed to inform discourse on the design and implementation of the sustainable Community-Based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) model as a response to urban health challenges in Southern Ghana. Methods: This research was conducted during the six-month pilot of the urban CHPS programme in two selected areas acting as the intervention and control arms of the design. Daily routine data were collected based on milestones initially delineated for the rural CHPS model in the control communities whilst in the intervention communities, some modifications were made to the rural milestones. Results: The findings from the implementation activities revealed that many of the best practices derived from the rural CHPS experiment could not be transplanted to poor urban settlements due to the unique organizational structures and epidemiological characteristics found in the urban context. For example, constructing Community Health Compounds and residential facilities within zones, a central component to the rural CHPS strategy, proved inappropriate for the urban sector. Night and weekend home visit schedules were initiated to better accommodate urban residents and increase coverage. The breadth of the disease burden of the urban residents also requires a broader expertise and training of the CHOs. Conclusions: Access to improved urban health services remains a challenge. However, current policy guidelines for the implementation of a primary health model based on rural experiences and experimental design requires careful review and modifications to meet the needs of the urban settings.
The Effect of Star Formation on the Redshift Evolution of Interstellar Metals, Atomic and Molecular Gas in Galaxies
Creators: name: Fu, Jian
name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Li, Cheng
name: Guo, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine how the atomic and molecular gas components of galaxies evolve to higher redshifts using the semi-analytic galaxy formation models of Fu et al. (2010) in which we track the surface density profiles of gas in disks. We adopt two different prescriptions based either on gas surface density and metallicity, or on interstellar pressure, to compute the molecular fraction as a function of radius in each disk. We demonstrate that the adopted star formation law determines how the {\em balance} between gas, stars and metals changes with time in the star-forming galaxy population, but does not influence the total mass in stars formed into galaxies at redshifts below $z\sim 2.5$. The redshift evolution of the mass-metallicity relation places strong constraints on the timescale over which cold gas is converted into stars in high redshift galaxies, and favours models where this remains constant at values around 1-2 Gyr. Future observations of the evolution of the average molecular-to-atomic gas ratio in galaxies as a function of stellar mass and redshift will constrain models of the atomic-to-molecular transition.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS, slightly revised in the text according to the referee's comments, 16 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 1 of High neutrophils and low lymphocytes percentages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are prognostic factors of higher in-hospital mortality in diffuse alveolar hemorrhage
Creators: name: Kanaoka, Kensuke
name: Minami, Seigo
name: Ihara, Shoichi
name: Komuta, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental Table 1: Comparison of corticosteroid use and in-hospital mortality among four groups according to neutrophils and lymphocytes percentages in BALF. Supplemental Table 2: Comparison of the BALF cell pattern and in-hospital mortality between DAH-AT and DAHNAT. Supplemental Table 3: Comparison of the BALF cell pattern and in-hospital mortality between complicated DAH-AT and simple DAH-AT.
Supplementary document for Planar liquid crystal optics for axial focus shaping with adjustable intensity and high efficiency - 6527489.pdf
Creators: name: Huang, Huihui
name: Fu, Jiakun
name: Yang, Yang
name: dai, Linmao
name: Zhang, zhaoxing
name: Li, Xiaochun
name: Luo, Site
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Detailed Process of Axial Iterative Fourier Algorithm
Magnetic resonance imaging of a randomized controlled trial investigating predictors of recovery following psychological treatment in adolescents with moderate to severe unipolar depression...
Creators: name: Hagan, Cindy C.
name: Graham, Julia
name: Widmer, Barry
name: Holt, Rosemary
name: Ooi, Cinly
name: Van Nieuwenhuizen, Adrienne
name: Fonagy, Peter
name: Reynolds, Shirley
name: Target, Mary
name: Kelvin, Raphael
name: Wilkinson, Paul
name: Bullmore, Edward
name: Lennox, Belinda
name: Sahakian, Barbara
name: Goodyer, Ian
name: Suckling, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physiology, Pathological
subject: Depression, Mental
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Mental health

description: Background: Major depressive disorders (MDD) are a debilitating and pervasive group of mental illnesses afflicting many millions of people resulting in the loss of 110 million working days and more than 2,500 suicides per annum. Adolescent MDD patients attending NHS clinics show high rates of recurrence into adult life. A meta-analysis of recent research shows that psychological treatments are not as efficacious as previously thought. Modest treatment outcomes of approximately 65% of cases responding suggest that aetiological and clinical heterogeneity may hamper the better use of existing therapies and discovery of more effective treatments. Information with respect to optimal treatment choice for individuals is lacking, with no validated biomarkers to aid therapeutic decision-making. Methods/Design: Magnetic resonance-Improving Mood with Psychoanalytic and Cognitive Therapies, the MR-IMPACT study, plans to identify brain regions implicated in the pathophysiology of depressions and examine whether there are specific behavioural or neural markers predicting remission and/or subsequent relapse in a subsample of depressed adolescents recruited to the IMPACT randomised controlled trial (Registration # ISRCTN83033550). Discussion: MR-IMPACT is an investigative biomarker component of the IMPACT pragmatic effectiveness trial. The aim of this investigation is to identify neural markers and regional indicators of the pathophysiology of and treatment response for MDD in adolescents. We anticipate that these data may enable more targeted treatment delivery by identifying those patients who may be optimal candidates for therapeutic response. Trial registration: Adjunctive study to IMPACT trial (Current Controlled Trials: ISRCTN83033550).
Hybrid tomography for conductivity imaging
Creators: name: Widlak, T.
name: Scherzer, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 92C55, 35R30

description: Hybrid imaging techniques utilize couplings of physical modalities -- they are called hybrid, because, typically, the excitation and measurement quantities belong to different modalities. Recently there has been an enormous research interest in this area because these methods promise very high resolution. In this paper we give a review on hybrid tomography methods for \emph{electrical conductivity} imaging. The reviewed imaging methods utilize couplings between electric, magnetic and ultrasound modalities. By this it is possible to perform high-resolution electrical impedance imaging and to overcome the low-resolution problem of electric impedance tomography.
Theorizing the Language of Law
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Velasco, Jesus D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Europeans
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Attaching myself, then, to Giambattista Vico's idea of certainty (although not, of course, from his perspective) throughout this study I shall call "the space of certainty" the theoretical and conceptual construction (which is of both a philological and textual character) stipulated by the legislator in an attempt to control the distinct concepts related to the legal word, its institutional statute and its legal, moral, and cultural hermeneutics. I shall thus attempt to understand the meaning of this space of certainty, in what way it has been constructed, and how it affects legal, political, social, and cultural mechanisms.
title: Poster: GEMMERATOR – GEMM Kernel Generator
Creators: name: Nassyr, Stepan
Publisher: name: Accelerating Devices Lab
Year: 2023
Subjects: RISC-V
RVV
ARM-SVE
Codegen
BLIS
BLAS
EUPILOT
Poster

description: At RISC-V Summit Europe 2023 we presented a code generator for BLIS microkernels, which focuses on finding hardware-ideal implementations specifically for RISC-V RVV and ARM SVE. We show (good!) results for various processors.
Role of Sox4 transcription factor in human cutaneous melanoma
Creators: name: Jafarnejad Shourkaei, Seyed Mehdi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Cutanous melanoma is an aggressive malignancy with very few effective treatment strategies in the early stages and virtually no successful cure in the late stages. So far many aspects of biology of melanoma, especially mechanisms responsible for its metastasis have remained undiscovered. The SRY-related HMG box4 (Sox4) protein is aberrantly expressed in several types of tumors. In this study we investigated the role of Sox4 in human cutaneous melanoma. We hypothesized that expression of this protein is changed during melanoma progression with functional consequences on progression of melanoma. We revealed that Sox4 expression is reduced in metastatic melanomas and this loss of expression correlates with poorer patients survival. We found that Sox4 expression is required for suppression of melanoma cell migration and invasion. We determined that Sox4 uses at least two distinct pathways to suppresses melanoma cell migration and invasion. First, through binding to the regulatory regions and inhibiting the transcription of NF-κB p50. Secondly, it also regulates the miRNA biogenesis pathway at least partially through upregulation of the pre-miRNA processor, Dicer. Moreover, we showed that expression of Sox4 inversely correlates with that of NF-κB p50 in melanoma biopsies but positively correlates with Dicer expression which further supports our in vitro observations. We also revealed that expression of Dicer, similar to its upstream regulator Sox4, decreases in metastatic melanoma and this reduced expression inversely correlates with patient survival. In addition to Dicer, we also found that expression of the pre-miRNA processing enzyme Drosha is reduced in early stages of melanomagenesis. Dicer and Drosha demonstrate different expression patterns which imply differential regulatory mechanisms. Nevertheless, samples that lost expression of both Dicer and Drosha represented worse survival outcome in contrast to those with positive expression of both markers. Finally, we revealed that the subcellular localization of Dicer and Drosha may be deregulated in melanocytic lesions and possibly has relevance to the biology of melanoma. The data presented in this thesis elucidated a hitherto unknown mechanism responsible for suppression of metastasis which is malfunctioned in melanoma. A better understanding of this pathway may help toward treatment or prevention of metastatic melanoma.
Additional file 1 of Physiological, morphological and ecological traits drive desiccation resistance in north temperate dung beetles
Creators: name: Nervo, Beatrice
name: Roggero, Angela
name: Chamberlain, Dan
name: Caprio, Enrico
name: Rolando, Antonio
name: Palestrini, Claudia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supporting information on methods. Table S1. Associations among physiological, reproductive and morphological traits without including S. schaefferi which is the only species belonging to rollers. Table S2. Interspecific and intraspecific differences in desiccation resistance without including S. schaefferi which is the only species belonging to rollers. Figure S3. The four sampling areas where the dung beetle species were collected. Figure S4. Pairplot of all response variables.
Implementando el Protocolo de Nagoya entre la Unión Europea.
Creators: name: Colcelli, Valentina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Protocolo de Nagoya; Reg.Eu 2014/511

description: En el art.culo se tratar. en especial el caso de la aplicacion del Reglamento (UE) n. 511/2014, que regula la

aplicacio n del Protocolo de Nagoya en el marco de la Union Europea.
Additional file 2 of Physiological, morphological and ecological traits drive desiccation resistance in north temperate dung beetles
Creators: name: Nervo, Beatrice
name: Roggero, Angela
name: Chamberlain, Dan
name: Caprio, Enrico
name: Rolando, Antonio
name: Palestrini, Claudia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Phylogenetic analysis results. Table S1. The variance of the standardized contrasts (VarContr) value define the amount of phylogenetic signal for each trait. Table S2. Independent contrast correlations (traits 2 and higher vs. trait 1). Table S3. Accession codes of the COI-5P sequences used in the phylogenetic analysis. The sequences marked by the asterisk were used in the phylogenetic signal analysis. Box S4. The phylogenetic analysis. Table S5. Maximum Likelihood fits of 24 different nucleotide substitution models. Table S6. Estimates of Evolutionary Divergence between Sequences. Figure S7. The ML tree with the highest log likelihood (-3191.7887). Figure S8. The bootstrap tree from the ML tree with the highest log likelihood (-2731.88). Box S9. The Phylogenetic signal.
The Challenge of Time-Based Design Strategies: Learning from Latin American incrementalism
Creators: name: De Castro Mazarro, Alejandro
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Housing
subject: Architecture--Designs and plans
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The contribution of PREVI to architecture culture remains, in great part, in the expression that housing are not merely objects, but also the materialization of social processes that develop incrementally. The incorporation of time management in the design process, going beyond the time frame of the construction of housing itself, comes in diverging modalities: in a physical dimension, it happens by designing construction systems that could evolve over time along with family’s growth; in a social dimension, it relates to the qualification of a typology after a definition of family’s archetype, and its needs expanded and changed. In what follows I will look at several design-related strategies to understand the negotiations between objects and processes in this twofold approach to time management. This way be “incremental” design approaches that have dealt with time following two ruling principles that I call of “mutual help” and of “open supports.” Below, I develop examples and basic configurations of these archetypes, relating this way PREVI to its roots and stems. I believe that this characterization is useful to analyze and assess several projects undertaken in the quest to provide shelter for the masses and urban spaces that function for the poor, and it also helps us to identify other strategies dealing with similar problems involving the growth of housing.
La Guerra a través de los Medios: Análisis de la Estrategia de ISIS sobre su Diplomacia Pública
Creators: name: Erlandsen, Matthias
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Public policy (Law)
Diplomacy
Social media
International relations

description: El presente trabajo indaga en la estrategia y herramientas que utiliza el Estado Islámico para comunicar su causa, enfocado en un breve análisis sobre sus esfuerzos en estrategia de diplomacia pública. Se describen las principales fuentes de información que la organización ofrece, en especial aquellas que publican en idiomas europeos; se analiza incipientemente los actos de diplomacia pública que se pueden observar por parte de ISIS a lo largo de su historia, así como también se aborda con la misma profundidad la manera en que se proyecta la marca país del Estado Islámico y sus efectos sobre el Islam. Se concluye que el uso profesional que el Estado Islámico le da a los medios sociales propician el terreno para sembrar sus mensajes de diplomacia pública; la alta especificidad y segmentación de sus mensajes facilita la eficacia en las acciones de reclutamiento de adeptos (como estrategia de diplomacia pública); y la pobre respuesta en materia de marca país de los países musulmanes que no se identifican con el Estado Islámico, hace que la organización terrorista gane hasta el momento en esta materia.
Kitaev-Heisenberg-J2-J3 model for the iridates A2IrO3
Creators: name: Kimchi, Itamar
name: You, Yi-Zhuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Kitaev-Heisenberg-J2-J3 model is proposed to describe the Mott-insulating layered iridates A2IrO3 (A=Na,Li). The model is a combination of the Kitaev honeycomb model and the Heisenberg model with all three nearest neighbor couplings J1, J2 and J3. A rich phase diagram is obtained at the classical level, including the experimentally suggested zigzag ordered phase; as well as the stripy phase, which extends from the Kitaev-Heisenberg limit to the J1-J2-J3 one. Combining the experimentally observed spin order with the optimal fitting to the uniform magnetic susceptibility data gives an estimate of possible parameter values, which in turn reaffirms the necessity of including both the Kitaev and farther neighbor couplings.
description: 4+epsilon pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Published version
title: Georg Franck von Franckenau
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Georg Franck von Franckenau as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
¿Es la proyección discursiva del evismo populista?: Análisis comparativo del discurso interno y externo de Evo Morales en el año 2015
Creators: name: Erlandsen, Matthias
name: Hernández, María Fernanda
name: Merino, Carolina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populism
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Esta investigación analiza los discursos del presidente boliviano Evo Morales del 12 de octubre de 2014 (Discurso de la Victoria) y del 28 de septiembre 2015 (Intervención en la 70º Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas) con el fin de compararlos y determinar si ambos coinciden en los rasgos populistas que se le atribuyen a la figura del gobernador. La metodología utilizada corresponde al análisis temático del contenido de acuerdo a la técnica de Jaime Andreu Abela (Universidad de Granada). Como resultado se puede establecer que ambos discursos son populistas de acuerdo a las cinco características propuestas por Susanne Gratius (2007) y las tres de Ernesto Laclau (2005).
title: Francesco Sigismondo d’ Este
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Francesco Sigismondo d’ Este as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Strategies for successfully engaging all students in live synchronous online classes
Creators: name: Marquart, Matthea S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Web-based instruction
Online chat groups
Distance education
Education--Study and teaching
Teaching
Instructional systems--Design

description: A December 2016 study in Psychological Science found that residential students who bring laptops to class frequently use the Internet for nonacademic use, which results in lower class performance. Another study referenced in Fast Company in March 2016 noted that just knowing you have an unread email in your inbox can temporarily lower your IQ by 10 points. How, then, can we discourage students from browsing the Internet or looking at their email when they are attending class on their computer because the course is online? How can we keep their attention focused on the class?
At Columbia University’s School of Social Work, we are in our second year of our fully online MSW program. Our courses are taught via weekly live classes hosted in Adobe Connect for 90-120 minutes and led by a course instructor with an associate facilitator and a technical support specialist. In order to engage our students in these classes, instructors use online tools and teaching strategies to make the class sessions interactive.
This poster shares active learning tools and strategies for online classrooms. These include creative uses of typed chat, formal & informal polling, webcam, on-screen drawing, live note-taking pods, and breakout rooms.
This poster draws from the presenter’s personal experience teaching the fall 2016 online course Macro Community Practice, as well as the following peer-reviewed chapter: Marquart, M., Fleming, M., Rosenthal, S., & Hibbert, M. (2016, March). Instructional Strategies for Synchronous Components of Online Courses. In S. D’Agustino (Ed.), Creating Teacher Immediacy in Online Learning Environments. Hershey, PA: IGI Global.
Thank you to the following online instructors for contributing quotes: Mashura Akilova, Johanna Baez, Beth Counselman-Carpenter, Amelia Ortega, John Robertson, and Steven Schinke.
Statistics of Resonances in a One-Dimensional Chain: a Weak Disorder Limit
Creators: name: Vinayak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study statistics of resonances in a one-dimensional disordered chain coupled to an outer world simulated by a perfect lead. We consider a limiting case for weak disorder and derive some results which are new in these studies. The main focus of the present study is to describe statistics of the scattered complex energies. We derive compact analytic statistical results for long chains. A comparison of these results has been found to be in good agreement with numerical simulations.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Measurement of the ttZ production cross section in the three lepton final state with 13.0 fb−¹ of √s = 8 TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: Khazraie Zamanpour, Arash
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: A measurement of the ttZ production cross section with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at the LHC is presented. The search is performed on 13.0 fb−¹ of data collected in 2012. Only final states with three leptons are considered, in which the Z boson decays to a pair of leptons and one of the W bosons coming from t → bW decays gives rise to a lepton after decay. An excess of 8.95 ± 0.62 (stat) +0.37 -0.59(sys) events above background is observed with a significance of 3.64 standard deviations above zero. We have assumed no statistical error on the acceptance or efficiency of detection. In the trilepton channel, a direct measurement of the ttZ production cross section of σ = 254 ± 104 (stat) ± 19 (sys) fb is obtained.
Additional file 1 of Interrater reliability of physical examination tests in the acute phase of shoulder injuries
Creators: name: Schmidt, Malte
name: Enger, Martine
name: Pripp, Are Hugo
name: Nordsletten, Lars
name: Moosmayer, Stefan
name: Melhuus, Knut
name: Brox, Jens Ivar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Adjoint tomography of surface wave observables from ambient seismic noise
Creators: name: Wang, Kai
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Adjoint tomography has recently been introduced to ambient seismic noise data as a new and promising tomographic method which highlights simulation-based 3-D sensitivity kernels against the approximated analytical theory used in traditional ambient noise tomography. The basic idea of ambient noise adjoint tomography (ANAT) is to iteratively minimize the traveltime misfits between empirical Green's functions (EGFs) from ambient noise cross correlations and synthetic Green's functions from spectral-element simulations based on misfit gradient.
 To date, most studies use vertical point-force sources to simulate the synthetics for Rayleigh wave EGFs from vertical-vertical component ambient noise cross correlation functions. In this thesis, I develop a semi-automatically iterative inversion package for ANAT based on the software SPECFEM3D Cartesian. I apply the inversion package to ANATof 5 - 50 s Rayleigh wave EGFs in southern California and construct an improved Vsv model based on a community velocity model constructed by 2 - 30 s earthquake data. Furthermore, a general theoretical framework is developed to calculate sensitivity kernels for multicomponent ambient noise cross correlation functions. It is demonstrated that both eastern and northern point-force sources are required to generate horizontal-component synthetics and associated sensitivity kernels based on rotation relations. Similarly, I apply this methodand the inversion package to ANAT of 5 - 50 s Love wave EGFs in southern California and construct an improved Vsh model. The two obtained Vs models (Vsv and Vsh) also give potential insights into the complicated structures of crustal radial anisotropy in southern California. Finally, I apply the method of calculating multi-component sensitivity kernels to investigate the Rayleigh wave ellipticity kernel at regional scale. I show that the lateral variations of the 3-D ellipticity kernel in horizontal direction are non-negligible and should be considered in future tomographic studies using ellipticity observations to image shallow structures.
title: Christoph Frandorff
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Christoph Frandorff as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
AHILA Data Workshop 2023 Session 13: Research Tools Show and Tell
Creators: name: Carson, Matt
name: Seymour, Anne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In this session, we introduce several research tools including, GitHub, relational databases and SQL, Excalidraw (collaborative white board), Gephi (network analysis software), OpenRefine, and Tableau. Participants are also polled on tools they use or would like to use, as well as challenges they face in their day-to-day work for which existing tools may helpful.
Extremal spacings between eigenphases of random unitary matrices and their tensor products
Creators: name: Smaczynski, Marek
name: Tkocz, Tomasz
name: Kus, Marek
name: Zyczkowski, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extremal spacings between eigenvalues of random unitary matrices of size N pertaining to circular ensembles are investigated. Explicit probability distributions for the minimal spacing for various ensembles are derived for N = 4. We study ensembles of tensor product of k random unitary matrices of size n which describe independent evolution of a composite quantum system consisting of k subsystems. In the asymptotic case, as the total dimension N = n^k becomes large, the nearest neighbor distribution P(s) becomes Poissonian, but statistics of extreme spacings P(s_min) and P(s_max) reveal certain deviations from the Poissonian behavior.
title: Christian Heinrich Freiesleben
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Christian Heinrich Freiesleben as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Simulating Quantum Fields with Cavity QED
Creators: name: Barrett, Sean
name: Hammerer, Klemens
name: Harrison, Sarah
name: Northup, Tracy E.
name: Osborne, Tobias J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the realization of a fully operational quantum computer remains distant, quantum simulation, whereby one quantum system is engineered to simulate another, becomes a key goal of great practical importance. Here we report on a variational method exploiting the natural physics of cavity QED architectures to simulate strongly interacting quantum fields. Our scheme is broadly applicable to any architecture involving tunable and strongly nonlinear interactions with light; as an example, we demonstrate that existing cavity devices could simulate models of strongly interacting bosons. The scheme can be extended to simulate systems of entangled multicomponent fields, beyond the reach of existing classical simulation methods.
description: 4+3 pages, 2 figures, published version
title: Johann Friedrich Freiesleben
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Johann Friedrich Freiesleben as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
HIV Prevention in Care and Treatment Settings: Baseline Risk Behaviors among HIV Patients in Kenya, Namibia, and Tanzania
Creators: name: Kidder, Daniel P.
name: Bachanas, Pam
name: Medley, Amy
name: Pals, Sherri
name: Ackers, Marta
name: Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet
name: Howard, Andrea A.
name: DeLuca, Nick
name: Mbatia, Redempta
name: Sheriff, Muhsin
name: Arthur, Gilly
name: Cherutich, Peter
name: Katuta, Frieda
name: Somi, Geoffrey
name: PwP Evaluation Study Team
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Women
Risk-taking (Psychology)
HIV infections--Treatment
Public health

description: HIV care and treatment settings provide an opportunity to reach people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) with prevention messages and services. Population-based surveys in sub-Saharan Africa have identified HIV risk behaviors among PLHIV, yet data are limited regarding HIV risk behaviors of PLHIV in clinical care. This paper describes the baseline sociodemographic, HIV transmission risk behaviors, and clinical data of a study evaluating an HIV prevention intervention package for HIV care and treatment clinics in Africa. The study was a longitudinal group-randomized trial in 9 intervention clinics and 9 comparison clinics in Kenya, Namibia, and Tanzania (N = 3538). Baseline participants were mostly female, married, had less than a primary education, and were relatively recently diagnosed with HIV. Fifty-two percent of participants had a partner of negative or unknown status, 24% were not using condoms consistently, and 11% reported STI symptoms in the last 6 months. There were differences in demographic and HIV transmission risk variables by country, indicating the need to consider local context in designing studies and using caution when generalizing findings across African countries. Baseline data from this study indicate that participants were often engaging in HIV transmission risk behaviors, which supports the need for prevention with PLHIV (PwP).
Additional file 2 of Interrater reliability of physical examination tests in the acute phase of shoulder injuries
Creators: name: Schmidt, Malte
name: Enger, Martine
name: Pripp, Are Hugo
name: Nordsletten, Lars
name: Moosmayer, Stefan
name: Melhuus, Knut
name: Brox, Jens Ivar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Metropolitan Social Environments and Pre-HAART/HAART Era Changes in Mortality Rates (per 10,000 Adult Residents) among Injection Drug Users Living with AIDS
Creators: name: Friedman, Samuel R.
name: West, Brooke S.
name: Pouget, Enrique R.
name: Hall, H. Irene
name: Cantrell, Jennifer
name: Tempalski, Barbara
name: Chatterjee, Sudip
name: Cooper, Hannah L. F.
name: Hu, Xiaohong
name: Galea, Sandro
name: Des Jarlais, Don C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Metropolitan areas
Mortality
Drug abuse
AIDS (Disease)
Public health

description: Background

Among the largest US metropolitan areas, trends in mortality rates for injection drug users (IDUs) with AIDS vary substantially. Ecosocial, risk environment and dialectical theories suggest many metropolitan areas characteristics that might drive this variation. We assess metropolitan area characteristics associated with decline in mortality rates among IDUs living with AIDS (per 10,000 adult MSA residents) after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was developed.

Methods

This is an ecological cohort study of 86 large US metropolitan areas from 1993–2006. The proportional rate of decline in mortality among IDUs diagnosed with AIDS (as a proportion of adult residents) from 1993–1995 to 2004–2006 was the outcome of interest. This rate of decline was modeled as a function of MSA-level variables suggested by ecosocial, risk environment and dialectical theories. In multiple regression analyses, we used 1993–1995 mortality rates to (partially) control for pre-HAART epidemic history and study how other independent variables affected the outcomes.

Results

In multivariable models, pre-HAART to HAART era increases in ‘hard drug’ arrest rates and higher pre-HAART income inequality were associated with lower relative declines in mortality rates. Pre-HAART per capita health expenditure and drug abuse treatment rates, and pre- to HAART-era increases in HIV counseling and testing rates, were weakly associated with greater decline in AIDS mortality.

Conclusions

Mortality among IDUs living with AIDS might be decreased by reducing metropolitan income inequality, increasing public health expenditures, and perhaps increasing drug abuse treatment and HIV testing services. Given prior evidence that drug-related arrest rates are associated with higher HIV prevalence rates among IDUs and do not seem to decrease IDU population prevalence, changes in laws and policing practices to reduce such arrests while still protecting public order should be considered.
Darwin the detective : behavioural consequences of high-stakes emotional deception
Creators: name: Ten Brinke, Leanne Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Deception evolved as a fundamental aspect of human social interaction. Although numerous studies have examined behavioural cues to deception, most have involved inconsequential lies and unmotivated liars in a laboratory context. With a novel paradigm, the present dissertation is the most comprehensive study to date of the behavioural consequences of extremely high-stakes, real-life deception relative to comparable real-life sincere displays using three communication channels: speech, body language, and emotional facial expressions. Televised footage of a large international sample of individuals (N = 78) emotionally pleading to the public for the return of a missing relative was meticulously coded frame by frame (30 frames per second, for a total of 98,393 coded frames). About half of the pleaders eventually were convicted of killing the missing person based on overwhelming evidence. Failed attempts to simulate sadness and leakage of happiness revealed deceptive pleaders’ covert emotions, as hypothesized based on observations by Charles Darwin and a contemporary understanding of human facial innervation. Specifically, full contraction of the frontalis (failed attempts to appear sad) muscles and subtle contraction of the zygomatic major (masking smiles) were more commonly identified in the faces of deceptive pleaders. In contrast, prototypical aspects of “grief,” as produced by the corrugator supercilli, and depressor anguli oris muscles were more often contracted in the faces of genuine than deceptive pleaders. In addition, liars used fewer words, but more tentative words than truth-tellers, likely relating to increased cognitive load and psychological distancing. Further, simultaneous attention to each of these cues – tapping emotional arousal, cognitive load, and psychological distancing theories of deceptive behaviour – discriminated 90% of pleaders correctly, supporting the multiple cue approach to deception detection. Findings further reveal the secrets of the human face and contribute to our understanding of human communication more generally.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence and physical characteristics of locomotive syndrome stages as classified by the new criteria 2020 in older Japanese people: results from the Nagahama study
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Masashi
name: Ikezoe, Tome
name: Tsuboyama, Tadao
name: Tabara, Yasuharu
name: Matsuda, Fumihiko
name: Ichihashi, Noriaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table. Results of correlation analysis between physical performance tests and muscle strength tests using Pearson’s correlation analysis.
Determinants of Clinician Knowledge on Aging and HIV/AIDS: A Survey of Practitioners and Policy Makers in Kampala District, Uganda
Creators: name: Obuku, Ekwaro A.
name: Parikh, Sujal M.
name: Nankabirwa, Victoria
name: Kakande, Nelson I.
name: Mafigiri, David K.
name: Mayanja-Kizza, Harriet
name: Kityo, Cissy M.
name: Mugyenyi, Peter N.
name: Salata, Robert A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Older people
Poor
HIV infections
Public health

description: Objective

The HIV/AIDS epidemic has evolved with an increasing burden in older adults. We assessed for knowledge about aging and HIV/AIDS, among clinicians in Kampala district, Uganda.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey of 301 clinicians complemented by 9 key-informant interviews between May and October 2011. Data was analyzed by multivariable logistic regression for potential determinants of clinician knowledge about HIV/AIDS in older adults, estimating their adjusted Odds Ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) using Stata 11.2 software.

Results

Two-hundred and sixty-two questionnaires (87.7%) were returned. Respondents had a median age of 30 years (IQR 27–34) and 57.8% were general medical doctors. The mean knowledge score was 49% (range 8.8%–79.4%). Questions related to co-morbidities in HIV/AIDS (non-AIDS related cancers and systemic diseases) and chronic antiretroviral treatment toxicities (metabolic disorders) accounted for significantly lower scores (mean, 41.7%, 95% CI: 39.3%–44%) compared to HIV/AIDS epidemiology and prevention (mean, 65.7%, 95% CI: 63.7%–67.7%). Determinants of clinician knowledge in the multivariable analysis included (category, aOR, 95% CI): clinician age (30–39 years; 3.28∶1.65–9.75), number of persons with HIV/AIDS seen in the past year (less than 50; 0.34∶0.14–0.86) and clinical profession (clinical nurse practitioner; 0.31∶0.11–0.83). Having diploma level education had a marginal association with lower knowledge about HIV and aging (p = 0.09).

Conclusion

Our study identified gaps and determinants of knowledge about HIV/AIDS in older adults among clinicians in Kampala district, Uganda. Clinicians in low and middle income countries could benefit from targeted training in chronic care for older adults with HIV/AIDS and long-term complications of antiretroviral treatment.
Additional file 1 of Approaches to modelling the shape of nanocrystals
Creators: name: Boukouvala, Christina
name: Daniel, Joshua
name: Ringe, Emilie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Total number of publications featuring the words “nanoparticle” (grey) and both the words “nanoparticle” and “shape” (blue) in their title or abstract.
title: Melchior Schmid
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Melchior Schmid as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Additional file 1 of Towards a comprehensive breastfeeding-friendly workplace environment: insight from selected healthcare facilities in the central region of Ghana
Creators: name: Nkrumah, Jacqueline
name: Abuosi, Aaron Asibi
name: Nkrumah, Rodney Buadi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Research instrument file. Questionnaire and interview guide. The file contains the questionnaire and interview guide used to glean data for the study.
“Life at the River is a Living Hell:” a qualitative study of trauma, mental health, substance use and HIV risk behavior among female fish traders from the Kafue Flatlands in Zambia
Creators: name: Michalopoulos, Lynn T. Murphy
name: Baca-Atlas, Stefani N.
name: Simona, Simona J.
name: Jiwatram-Negrón, Tina
name: Ncube, Alexander
name: Chery, Melanie B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: HIV infections
Mental health
Psychic trauma
Public health

description: Background
In Western settings, the relationship between trauma history, posttraumatic stress disorder, substance use, and HIV risk behavior, is well established. Although female fish traders in Zambia are affected by HIV at rates estimated to be 4–14 times higher than the national prevalence, no studies have examined the co-occurring issues of trauma, substance use and HIV risk behavior among this vulnerable population. The current study examined: 1) trauma history, trauma symptoms and HIV risk behaviors and 2) the relationship between these co-occurring issues among female fish traders from the Kafue Flatlands in Zambia.

Methods
Twenty individual semi-structured qualitative interviews and a focus group discussion (n = 12 participants) were conducted with female fish traders in the Kafue Flatlands of Zambia. Template analysis was used to examine the data.

Results
The findings indicate that female fish traders in Zambia are at risk of multiple and ongoing traumatic events and daily stressors, severe mental health symptoms (including western conceptualizations of disorders such as anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complicated grief, as well as local idioms of distress), substance abuse, and HIV sexual risk behaviors. The results suggest a relationship between trauma and HIV sexual risk behavior in this population.

Conclusions
The indication of these co-occurring issues demonstrates the need for HIV prevention intervention efforts, which account for trauma, mobility, and psychosocial outcomes in order to reduce HIV sexual risk behavior among female fish traders in Zambia.