cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Machine Learning approach for personalized dosimetry prediction in pediatric Nuclear Medicine applications
Creators: name: , Eleftheriadis
name: , Savvidis
name: , Papadimitroulas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Machine Learning
Personalized dosimetry
Pediatric

description: Personalized dosimetry in pediatric patients is of great interest, due to the higher radiosensitivity that children experience in comparison to adults. Artificial Intelligence developments in medical applications can serve towards the personalization of dosimetry protocols. The objective of this study is the design, development and evaluation of a machine learning model that predicts the dose rate per organ of interest in pediatric patients.
ESTABLISHMENT OF A HARDROCK SEISMIC TEST SITE IN CENTRAL SWEDEN
Creators: name: Malehmir, Alireza
name: Markovic, Magdalena
name: Papadopoulou, Myrto
name: Marsden, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Seismology and seismic exploration

description: A presenattion stating why Ludvika Mines in central sweden has a potential to become a hardrock seismic test centre.
Precipitation Over Southern Africa: Moisture Sources and Isotopic Composition
Creators: name: Geppert, Marielle
name: Hartmann, Kai
name: Kirchner, Ingo
name: Pfahl, Stephan
name: Struck, Ulrich
name: Riedel, Frank
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lagrangian moisture source diagnostic
subject: stable water isotopes
subject: precipitation end-member
subject: random forest
subject: annual rainfall distribution
subject: moisture pathways
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Southern Africa, with its vast arid to semiarid areas, is considered vulnerable to precipitation changes and amplifying weather extremes. However, during the last 100 ka, huge lakes existed in the currently dry central Kalahari. It has been suggested that these lakes could have existed due to altered atmospheric circulation pattern, leading to an increase in precipitation or to changes in the annual precipitation distribution. Past climate changes are recorded in paleo-archives, yet, for a proper interpretation of paleo-records, for example, from sedimentological archives or fossils, it is essential to put them in a context with recent observations. This study’s objective is, therefore, to analyze spatially differing annual precipitation distributions at multiple locations in southern Africa with respect to their stable water isotope composition, moisture transport pathways, and sources. Five different precipitation distributions are identified by end-member modeling and respective rainfall zones are inferred, which differ significantly in their isotopic compositions. By calculating backward trajectories, different moisture source regions are identified for the rainfall zones and linked to typical circulation patterns. Our results furthermore show the importance of the seasonality, the amount effect, and the traveled distance of the moisture for the general isotopic composition over the entire southern Africa. The identified pattern and relationships can be useful in the evaluation of isotope-enabled climate models for the region and are potentially of major importance for the interpretation of stable water isotope composition in paleo-records in future research.
Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of an e-health stepped care approach for the treatment of internet use disorders versus a placebo condition: the SCAPIT study
Creators: name: Bischof, Anja
name: Brandt, Dominique
name: Schlossarek, Samantha
name: Vens, Maren
name: Rozgonjuk, Dmitri
name: Wernicke, Jennifer
name: Kannen, Christopher
name: Wölfling, Klaus
name: Dreier, Michael
name: Salbach, Harriet
name: Basenach, Lara
name: Mößle, Thomas
name: Olbrich, Denise
name: König, Inke
name: Borgwardt, Stefan
name: Montag, Christian
name: Rumpf, Hans-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: mental health
subject: preventive medicine
subject: public health
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Introduction Excessive internet use can lead to problems for some individuals. The WHO has introduced Gaming Disorder in the International Classification of Diseases-11 (ICD-11). Previous research has shown that other internet applications can cause serious mental health problems as well. It is important to provide measures of prevention, early intervention and therapy for internet use disorders (IUDs). Methods and analysis The study ‘Stepped Care Approach for Problematic Internet use Treatment’ is a randomised, two-arm, parallel-group, observer-blind trial. The aim of the study is to investigate if a stepped care approach is effective to reduce symptom severity for IUD. The sample is primarily recruited online with a focus on employees in companies with support of health insurances. After screening, the stepped care approach depends on the success of the previous step—that is, the successful reduction of criteria—and comprise: (1) app-intervention with questionnaires and feedback, (2) two telephone counsellings (duration: 50 min) based on motivational interviewing, (3) online therapy over 17 weeks (15 weekly group sessions, eight individual sessions) based on cognitive–behavioural therapy. A follow-up is conducted after 6 months. A total of 860 participants will be randomised. Hierarchical testing procedure is used to test the coprimary endpoints number of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition and ICD-11 criteria. Primary analysis will be performed with a sequential logit model. Ethics and dissemination The study has been approved by the Ethics Committees of the Universities of Lübeck (file number: 21-068), Mainz (file number: 2021-15907) and Berlin (file number: 015.2021). Results will be reported in accordance to the CONSORT statement. If the approach is superior to the control condition, it may serve as part of treatment for IUD. Trial registration number DRKS00025994.
iHelp: Techniques for early risk identification, predictions and assessment I
Creators: name: Thanos Kalligeris
name: Giorgos Giotis
name: Maritini Kalogerini
name: Papafragkos, Spyros
name: Pantazidis, Anastasios
name: Aristodemos Pnevmatikakis
name: Filipov, Krasimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: iHelp
pancreatic cancer
Techniques for early risk identification, predictions and assessment
early risk identification
early risk predictions
early risk assessment

description: This report summarizes the actions performed under Task 5.1 - “Techniques for early risk identification, predictions and assessment I” and more specifically provides details of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) / Machine Learning (ML) algorithms and implementation techniques that will be used to perform early identification as well as predictions of Pancreatic Cancer (PC) risks in individuals. The deliverable brings together several AI/ML techniques that are expected to be able to identify hidden patterns and trends in given data. When the data become available in the next phase of the project, these techniques will be used for performing assessment of identified risks and subsequently for making predictions. Since this is the first version of a series of deliverables, the follow-up report (i.e. D5.2) will specify the techniques to be used and linked with the datasets collected from the project pilots.
Presentation: Sugarcane Bagasse For Environmentally Friendly Super-absorbent Polymer: Synthesis Methods And Potential Applications In Oil Industry
Creators: name: Shabrina Sri Riswati
name: Setiati, Rini
name: Sugiatmo Kasmungin
name: Prakoso, Suryo
name: Fathaddin, Muhammad Taufiq
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This material presented in 2nd ICESE 2020
In vitro vascularization of hydrogel-based tissue constructs via a combined approach of cell sheet engineering and dynamic perfusion cell culture
Creators: name: Elomaa, Laura
name: Lindner, Marcus
name: Leben, Ruth
name: Niesner, Raluca
name: Weinhart, Marie
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: angiogenesis
subject: cell sheet engineering
subject: perfusion cell culture
subject: thermoresponsive surface
subject: vascularization
subject: vat photopolymerization
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The bioengineering of artificial tissue constructs requires special attention to their fast vascularization to provide cells with sufficient nutrients and oxygen. We addressed the challenge of in vitro vascularization by employing a combined approach of cell sheet engineering, 3D printing, and cellular self-organization in dynamic maturation culture. A confluent cell sheet of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was detached from a thermoresponsive cell culture substrate and transferred onto a 3D-printed, perfusable tubular scaffold using a custom-made cell sheet rolling device. Under indirect co-culture conditions with human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), the cell sheet-covered vessel mimic embedded in a collagen gel together with additional singularized HUVECs started sprouting into the surrounding gel, while the suspended cells around the tube self-organized and formed a dense lumen-containing 3D vascular network throughout the gel. The HDFs cultured below the HUVEC-containing cell culture insert provided angiogenic support to the HUVECs via molecular crosstalk without competing for space with the HUVECs or inducing rapid collagen matrix remodeling. The resulting vascular network remained viable under these conditions throughout the 3 week cell culture period. This static indirect co-culture setup was further transferred to dynamic flow conditions, where the medium perfusion was enabled via two independently addressable perfusion circuits equipped with two different cell culture chambers, one hosting the HDFs and the other hosting the HUVEC-laden collagen gel. Using this system, we successfully connected the collagen-embedded HUVEC culture to a dynamic medium flow, and within 1 week of the dynamic cell culture, we detected angiogenic sprouting and dense microvascular network formation via HUVEC self-organization in the hydrogel. Our approach of combining a 3D-printed and cell sheet-covered vascular precursor that retained its sprouting capacity together with the self-assembling HUVECs in a dynamic perfusion culture resulted in a vascular-like 3D network, which is a critical step toward the long-term vascularization of bioengineered in vitro tissue constructs.
title: Inside You, Your Cells Dividing Like Stars
Creators: name: Tala, Courtney Lauren
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: This poetry collection is about family and heritage. It examines the things passed down between generations and looks at the science of inheritance. It is about grief and fear, but also love and growth. It is about the stars, how the lines that form constellations can also be the lines that hold a family together, how those lines are ever-changing into new shapes.

These poems are about hope and imagination and possibility. They are about finding joy even in sadness and loss. They are about dominant genes but also recessive ones, and the celebration of outcomes that seem the most improbable. They are about building a future with those who are most important, about always looking towards light.
Code, data and supplementary material for: An improved contact method for quantifying the mixing of a binary granular mixture
Creators: name: Papapetrou, Theodoros Nestor
name: Lecrivain, Gregory
name: Bieberle, Martina
name: Boudouvis, Andreas
name: Hampel, Uwe
Publisher: name: Rodare
Year: 2020
Subjects: binary particle mixing
rotating drum
image analysis
mixing index
contact method
variance method

description: This material is related to the publication "An improved contact method for quantifying the mixing of a binary granular mixture", submitted on 13.05.2020 to Granular Matter. The original camera video, an intermediate masked video and the final preprocessed video used in the calculations, made from frames 4-1004 of the masked one, are included. The code used for all calculations in the paper and supplementary material, including the implementation of the mixing index evaluation methods, as well as the static artificial images and the generated data, are also included. All images used in the calculations are stored in the required data form. The figures of the paper are also included, as well as two supplementary materials: a version of Figure 12 with the points of the original contact method, and a discussion on the calculation of the minimum modified contact length.
description: {"references": ["Nikolai Chernov (2020). Circle Fit (Pratt method) (https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/22643-circle-fit-pratt-method), MATLAB Central File Exchange. Retrieved August 15, 2019."]}
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SECOND-LEVEL COMPUTER SCIENCE EDUCATION IN IRELAND AND THE UNITED STATES
Creators: name: Heraty, Ian Patrick
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390401
subject: Comparative and cross-cultural education

description: Data was collected from high schools in Ireland and the United States.This dissertation was a comparative study of computer science in secondary schools in both Ireland and the United States. Computer science was a new subject compared to more established subjects in both Ireland and the United States. This dissertation looked at how this subject could be accessed by students in both countries. I used a document research method for this dissertation, which involved collecting documents and literature from schools’ systems, national governments, state governments and private organizations in both countries to understand and answer my research questions.Computer science is a relatively new subject in Ireland. After many attempts to start a computer science program in schools, the Irish government finally released a computer science Leaving Certificate curriculum in 2017 with the aim for the first class to take the computer science Leaving Certificate exam in 2020. A total of 40 schools across Ireland started teaching this course as part of an initial pilot.Computer science in the United States high schools was more established than in Ireland. Over the last number of decades computer languages such as C#, C++, Java and Fortran have been taught in high schools across America. In the early 2010’s the National Science Foundation led an initiative to increase access to computer science in high schools across the United States by introducing a new computer science program called AP computer science principles; this was an introductory course that enabled high school students to learn computer science.As part of my finding’s sections, I established that access was improving across America with many high schools now offering computer science classes that once didn’t; however, female participation in computer science classes in schools needs addressing.Whereby Ireland has introduced computer science at both the Junior and Leaving Certificate level, there are still only 82 schools that offer Leaving Certificate classes and 94 schools that offer the coding course at Junior Certificate out of 727 schools nationwide. As part of my recommendations, I recommend that the States within the United States should attempt to provide access to 75% of schools by 2025 and Ireland should expect all schools to provide Leaving Certificate computer science classes by 2025.
MPEC 2023-E29 : 2014 PC68
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Hannah Arendt a contrappelo. Ripensare la condizione umana
Creators: name: Boella , Laura
Publisher: name: Roma Tre-Press
Year: 2007

description: Alcuni dei debiti che sentiamo di avere nei confronti di Hannah Arendt la troverebbero probabilmente non estranea, ma ironicamente sorpresa, perché legati a qualcosa che giace molto nell'ombra del suo pensiero. Per esempio, il debito che il pensiero femminista dichiara di avere verso una pensatrice antifemminista oppure gli spunti di biopolitica che alcuni studiosi hanno riscontrato nella lettura arendtiana del progetto totalitarista. In linea generale, il suo lavoro appare come un work in progress, che non ha compiutezza né sistematicità.

description: B@belonline vol. 3 L’eredità di Hannah Arendt
Acerotella Masner 1964
Creators: name: Awad, Jessica
name: Zimmermann, Dominique
name: Talamas, Elijah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Platygastridae
Acerotella

description: Genus Acerotella Masner, 1964
Acerotella Masner, 1964: 148.
Type species Acerota evanescens Kieffer, 1914 by original designation.
description: Published as part of Awad, Jessica, Zimmermann, Dominique & Talamas, Elijah, 2024, A photographic type catalogue of Platygastroidea (Insecta, Hymenoptera) in the Natural History Museum Vienna, pp. 1-58 in European Journal of Taxonomy 938 on page 3, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.938.2565, http://zenodo.org/record/12106502
title: Recovery snapshots
title: A photographic exploration of Romanian mental health service users’ experience of recovery
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Milasan, Lucian
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2020
Subjects: mental health, recovery, photo-elicitation, photography, visual methods

description: Background: Following post-communist social and economic changes, Romania is currently transitioning from institutionalised mental health services to a recovery-focused approach. Within this context, it is important to understand the perspective of Romanian service users on recovery from mental distress, an aspect that appears to be under-researched in this country. Aim: This study aimed to explore the lived experience of recovery from mental distress and identify the meanings that Romanian mental health service users attach to recovery, along with investigating potential socio-economic, cultural, and historical particularities of recovery in their accounts. Method: The theoretical core of this study was the recovery framework that conceptualises mental distress as a human, rather than a medicalised, experience. For this reason, a qualitative phenomenological design was employed to explore recovery from the perspective of fifteen adults with mental health problems selected purposively from a community day centre in Romania. The phenomenological methodology was enriched with elements of photography (workshops and photo-elicitation interviews) to elicit experiences and meanings of recovery. Findings: The outcome of this study was a better understanding of the experience of recovery in Romanian adults living with mental distress, as a complex and multi-dimensional phenomenon including medical, psychological, social, spiritual, existential, and occupational aspects. The key recovery themes (and subthemes) identified through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis corroborated with participant-generated photography were: awakening (overcoming sedation, emergence of self beyond illness, and liberation), healing (medical, psychological, and spiritual), and reconstructing life (keeping busy, rebuilding social networks, and cultivating hope). Discussion: This study revealed a cultural dimension of recovery in Romanian mental health service users that adds to the knowledge emerging from the current recovery frameworks. Additionally, it showed that recovery cannot be fully understood unless situated in a socio-political, cultural, and historical context, a dimension insufficiently evidenced in the recovery models. The use of participant-generated photography was crucial to capturing the picture of recovery through deep insights and visual representations that elicited rich narrative accounts. The role of photographs in facilitating and supporting recovery from mental distress was also discussed, along with limitations and challenges, and recommendations for photography-based recovery research and practice. Therefore, although conducted in Romania, this study may inform recovery research and practice in international contexts.
Metal-free valorisation of propargylic alcohols and azides
Creators: name: Radtanajiravong, Lalita
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Propargylic alcohols and azides are important classes of organic compounds that are accessible by straightforward methods. Their metal-free transformations in 1) direct nucleophilic substitution of propargylic alcohols 2) Meyer-Schuster rearrangement of propargylic alcohols and 3) thermolysis of triazolines to aziridines, have been developed. The direct substitution reactions of alcohols produce water as only by-product and have been identified by ACS Green Chemistry Institution Pharmaceutical Roundtable as a research priority area. We specifically focused on using commercially available phosphorus-based Brønsted acids in the direct amination of propargylic alcohols which is outlined in Chapter 1. Brønsted acids are particularly attractive catalysts compared to transition metals/Lewis acids due to their low cost, stability in air/moisture and easy separation from organic products. On the other hand, propargylamines are present in many pharmaceutical intermediates and natural products. A range of propargylamines were produced with our catalytic system, and a scope of the reaction was expanded to highly basic anilines and typical O-, C- and S- nucleophiles. Alternatively, this family of acids can mediate Meyer-Schuster rearrangements to access α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds as described in Chapter 2. The third topic is outlined in Chapter 3. Aziridines are useful organic synthons and their derivatives have shown important biological activity. Azide-alkene cycloaddition is valuable and atom economic methodology to access triazolines whose thermolysis might lead to aziridines upon heating through N2 extrusion. The reactions of azides and electron-deficient alkenes were investigated in toluene to selectively form aziridines over undesired imines. A broad scope of this thermolysis was explored and we found that selectivity of the reaction was strongly influenced by the substituents on the triazoline intermediate. Further reactivity of the obtained aziridines on nucleophilic ring-opening transformations is also detailed. In the end of each chapter, the corresponding Experimental Section, Additional Optimisation Studies and X-Ray Crystallographic Data are provided. General Conclusion and Future Work are included in the final section of this thesis.
Highly Conductive RuO$_2$ Thin Films from Novel Facile Aqueous Chemical Solution Deposition
Creators: name: Angermann, Martina
name: Jakopic, Georg
name: Prietl, Christine
name: Griesser, Thomas
name: Reichmann, Klaus
name: Deluca, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ruthenium dioxide (RuO$_2$) thin films were synthesized by Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) on silicon substrates using only water and acetic acid as solvents. The microstructure, phase-purity, electrical and optical properties as well as the thermal stability of the thin films have been characterized. The microstructure of the thin films strongly depends on the annealing temperature: A smooth thin film was achieved at an annealing temperature of 600$^\circ$C. Higher annealing temperatures (800$^\circ$C) led to radial grain growth and an inhomogeneous thin film. A very low resistivity of 0.89 Ωm was measured for a 220 nm-thick thin film prepared at 600$^\circ$. The resistivity of the thin films increases with temperature, which indicates metallic behavior. Phase-purity of the thin films was confirmed with X-ray Diffraction (XRD) measurements, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. Transmission and reflectivity measurements indicate that RuO$_2$ efficiently blocks the UV-VIS and IR wavelengths. The optical constants determined via spectroscopic ellipsometry show high absorption in the near-IR region as well as a lower one in the UV-VIS region. The thermal stability was investigated by post-annealing, confirming that the thin films are stable up to 750$^\circ$C in synthetic air.
description: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology (2023)
title: Les deux visages de la violence
Creators: name: Collin , Françoise
Publisher: name: Roma Tre-Press
Year: 2007

description: La violenza si presenta in duplice forma: una eclatante, visibile, imposta con la forza, che lo stato ha il compito di contenere, ed una silenziosa e invisibile che deriva dalla legge stessa dello stato di dirittto. Nessun sistema politico mette l'umanità al riparo dal male e, anche se distinguiamo la violenza bruta dal potere, questo non è mai del tutto privo di costrizione. Se il totalitarismo aveva fatto della sopraffazione il suo principio fondante, anche la democrazia, che gli si oppone, non è certamente immune da quell'aspetto della violenza che è comunque costitutivo di ogni organizzazione politica. Di fronte all'ambiguità di ogni democrazia, Hannah Arendt auspica non un teorico e astratto rispetto dei diritti umani, ma una cittadinanza che vada oltre gli stati e le frontiere e sia insita, al di là delle sue possibili migrazioni, in ogni persona, attestando il suo inalienabile diritto di avere dei diritti.

description: B@belonline vol. 3 L’eredità di Hannah Arendt
Mortality and cardiovascular disease in patients with adrenal insufficiency
Creators: name: Ngaosuwan, Kanchana
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Increased risks for mortality and cardiovascular disease in primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency, and pituitary disorders have been inconsistently reported. Risk estimations have traditionally used national statistics as reference, with no matching for precise age, and time and place of clinical care of the patients and the reference population. This study evaluated risks for mortality and cardiovascular disease in patients with adrenal insufficiency of any type and, separately, primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency, by comparing with controls individually matched for sex, age, and time and place of care, using as the source of data a UK primary care database (Clinical Practice Research Datalink, CPRD). Additionally, established cardiovascular risk factors were taken into account. The risk for mortality was increased in patients with adrenal insufficiency (HR, 1.68 [95% CI, 1.58-1.77]) including primary (HR, 1.83 [1.66-2.02]) and secondary adrenal insufficiency (HR, 1.52 [1.40-1.64]). From the first year, the mortality risk was significantly increased, in accordance with an early increase in hospitalisations from adrenal crisis. Cardiovascular disease was the leading cause of death but infections posed the greatest relative mortality risk. Risk for cardiovascular events was increased but was dependent on the presence of cardiovascular risk factors (unadjusted HR, 1.28 [1.20-1.36]; adjusted HR, 1.07 [1.01-1.14]). However, specifically for cerebrovascular disease in secondary adrenal insufficiency, risk was independently increased. Concomitant cardiovascular disease was associated with adrenal crisis-related death. In conclusion, infections and adrenal crisis could account for the increased risk for mortality in adrenal insufficiency observed at the beginning of disease course. The risk for cardiovascular disease was also increased and could further contribute to adrenal crisis-related mortality. The interaction of the three factors: adrenal crisis, infections and cardiovascular disease, probably plays a part in the increased mortality of patients with adrenal insufficiency.
Additional file 1 of Mitochondrial reprogramming in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with glycogen storage disease type Ia
Creators: name: Rossi, Alessandro
name: Assunto, Antonia
name: Rosano, Carmen
name: Tucci, Sara
name: Ruoppolo, Margherita
name: Caterino, Marianna
name: Pirozzi, Francesca
name: Strisciuglio, Pietro
name: Parenti, Giancarlo
name: Melis, Daniela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental figure 1. Study design and subjects. FAO: fatty acid oxidation; PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; TCA: tricarboxylic acid * GSDIa patients and C1.
Entity Linking for the Biomedical Domain
Creators: name: Nassimi, Sahar
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: Entity linking is the process of detecting mentions of different concepts in text documents and linking them to canonical entities in a target lexicon. However, one of the biggest issues in entity linking is the ambiguity in entity names. The ambiguity is an issue that many text mining tools have yet to address since different names can represent the same thing and every mention could indicate a different thing. For instance, search engines that rely on heuristic string matches frequently return irrelevant results, because they are unable to satisfactorily resolve ambiguity. Thus, resolving named entity ambiguity is a crucial step in entity linking. To solve the problem of ambiguity, this work proposes a heuristic method for entity recognition and entity linking over the biomedical knowledge graph concerning the semantic similarity of entities in the knowledge graph. Named entity recognition (NER), relation extraction (RE), and relationship linking make up a conventional entity linking (EL) system pipeline (RL). We have used the accuracy metric in this thesis. Therefore, for each identified relation or entity, the solution comprises identifying the correct one and matching it to its corresponding unique CUI in the knowledge base. Because KBs contain a substantial number of relations and entities, each with only one natural language label, the second phase is directly dependent on the accuracy of the first. The framework developed in this thesis enables the extraction of relations and entities from the text and their mapping to the associated CUI in the UMLS knowledge base. This approach derives a new representation of the knowledge base that lends it to the easy comparison. Our idea to select the best candidates is to build a graph of relations and determine the shortest path distance using a ranking approach. We test our suggested approach on two well-known benchmarks in the biomedical field and show that our method exceeds the search engine's top result and provides us with around 4% more accuracy. In general, when it comes to fine-tuning, we notice that entity linking contains subjective characteristics and modifications may be required depending on the task at hand. The performance of the framework is evaluated based on a Python implementation.
Evolution of chromone-like compounds as potential antileishmanial agents, through the 21st century
Creators: name: Silva, Carlos F. M.
name: Pinto, Diana C. G. A.
name: Fernandes, Pedro A.
name: Silva, Artur M. S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Leishmaniasis is one of the most neglected diseases of modern times that mainly affects people from developing countries, with approximately 350 million people considered at risk of developing leishmaniasis. Therefore, the development of novel antileishmanial treatments is becoming the focus of numerous research groups, with the support of the World Health Organization, which hopes to eradicate this disease in the near future. This review focuses on the interest of chromones for the development of future treatments against leishmaniasis. In addition to plant-based chromone derivatives, structure-activity relationship studies that aim to identify the optimal structural features of the chromones’ antileishmanial activity are also described and discussed. The numerous examples of chromones depicted in this paper, allied with the SAR studies presented herein, suggest that the chromone scaffold is a privileged core for the design and development of novel antileishmanial agents. However, some concerns have been raised concerning the considerable variability observed in the results throughout the scientific bibliography. These inconsistencies may explain the absence of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies as well as clinical trials.
Investigating the effects of the disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug methotrexate on the vascular endothelium
Creators: name: Lang, Marie Beatrice
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that associates with increased mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methotrexate (MTX), a folate analogue used as disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD), reduces CVD morbidity and mortality in RA patients, possibly by improving endothelial function. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular effects of MTX in quiescent and activated vascular endothelial cells (EC). In EC pre-treated with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, MTX independently increased the activity of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 and Akt and caused cell cycle arrest due to folate depletion. In contrast, MTX did not affect cell signalling, proliferation or gene expression in EC exposed to different types of shear stress. To tease out the underlying mechanism, folate or one carbon metabolism (OCM) was investigated in EC cultivated under static or shear stress conditions. Endothelial OCM was fundamentally altered by shear stress, with potentially important implications for MTX uptake and function. Using endothelial colony forming cells (ECFC) isolated from RA patients before and after treatment initiation with MTX and hydroxychloroquine, it was shown that systemic inflammation primes ECFC towards a pro-inflammatory state that may be reversible with DMARD treatment. These data suggest that MTX acts on vascular EC in a folate-dependent manner. However, since endothelial OCM was largely downregulated by shear stress, this implies that MTX may have limited direct effects on EC in vivo and provides a potential explanation for the controversies around the vascular effects of folate and anti-folate therapy. Although findings in ECFC from patients with RA support anti-inflammatory effects of MTX containing therapy, the data in this thesis do not support a direct MTX-mediated anti-atherogenic effect on the endothelium but suggest that the drug may limit EC dysfunction in combination with other drugs indirectly by reducing systemic inflammation.
title: Les deux visages de la violence
Creators: name: Durst , Margarete
Publisher: name: Roma Tre-Press
Year: 2007

description: Al centro del presente contributo c'è il testo che Hannah Arendt scrive su Rahel Varnhagen (Rahel Varnhagen: The Life of a Jewess) che ha goduto negli anni più recenti di rinnovata attenzione. Il testo si presta a vari tipi di lettura, e può essere affrontato da diverse angolature. In primo luogo, i problemi connessi all'assimilazione e all'emancipazione ebraica nel periodo cruciale in cui Rahel visse, nel quale la Germania, ancora illuminista, veniva attraversata da forti istanze nazionalistiche.

description: B@belonline vol. 3 L’eredità di Hannah Arendt
What's Next in Affective Modeling? Large Language Models
Creators: name: Yongsatianchot, Nutchanon
name: Thejll-Madsen, Tobias
name: Marsella, Stacy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large Language Models (LLM) have recently been shown to perform well at various tasks from language understanding, reasoning, storytelling, and information search to theory of mind. In an extension of this work, we explore the ability of GPT-4 to solve tasks related to emotion prediction. GPT-4 performs well across multiple emotion tasks; it can distinguish emotion theories and come up with emotional stories. We show that by prompting GPT-4 to identify key factors of an emotional experience, it is able to manipulate the emotional intensity of its own stories. Furthermore, we explore GPT-4's ability on reverse appraisals by asking it to predict either the goal, belief, or emotion of a person using the other two. In general, GPT-4 can make the correct inferences. We suggest that LLMs could play an important role in affective modeling; however, they will not fully replace works that attempt to model the mechanisms underlying emotion-related processes.
Multiparton interactions, small-x processes and diffraction
Creators: name: Jung, Hannes
name: Hautmann, Francesco
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2017

description: The connection between multiparton interaction, diractive processesand saturation eects is discussed. The relation of the rise of the gluondensity at small longitudinal momentum fractions x with the occurrenceof saturation, diraction and multiparton interaction is being studiedboth experimentally and theoretically. We illustrate key ideas underlyingrecent progress, and stress the role of dierent theoretical approaches tosmall-x QCD evolution in investigations of multiparton interactions.
title: Generational effects of chronic stress
Creators: name: Bennett, Rebecca A.
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2023

description: Traumatic events that affect behavior in the current generation may also impact future generations. Although the effects of stress on pregnant mothers have been extensively explored, we know little about how trauma prior to conception affects offspring conceived afterwards. Here we demonstrate that chronic predator stress in adult mice alters behavior, as well as the first filial (F1) generation. Adult F0 mice were chronically exposed to a predator rat or control condition and assessed for anxiety-like (EPM, OFT, LDB) and social (SIT) behaviours. F0 mice were also assessed on circadian locomotor activity patterns prior to and following predator exposure or control conditions. F0 predator stressed mice froze more than F0 control mice overall and each day of the chronic exposure. In addition, F0 predator stressed mice exhibited increased anxiety-like behaviours (ALB) on the EPM relative to F0 controls. Following behavioral testing, F0 mice were group matched and bred to generate the F1s. Anxiety-like and social behaviors were assessed in the F1s during adolescence and again, following a mild stressor, in adulthood. Circadian locomotor activity was also monitored in the F1 adults. Adolescent offspring from predator stressed parents (PSO) exhibited increased ALB on the EPM compared to offspring of controls (CO). However, in adulthood, following the mild stressor, PSO mice showed decreased ALB compared to CO mice, suggesting increased resilience. These findings indicate that chronic pre-conception predator stress results in lasting effects on future generations, an outcome that may lead to improved understanding of the etiology of anxiety and stress-related pathologies.
title: Le antinomie di Hannah Arendt
Creators: name: Esposito , Roberto
Publisher: name: Roma Tre-Press
Year: 2007

description: Questo breve intervento tocca tre punti dell'opera complessiva di Hannah Arendt: il totalitarismo, la relazione tra politica e vita e i diritti umani.

description: B@belonline vol. 3 L’eredità di Hannah Arendt
Additional file 2 of Mitochondrial reprogramming in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with glycogen storage disease type Ia
Creators: name: Rossi, Alessandro
name: Assunto, Antonia
name: Rosano, Carmen
name: Tucci, Sara
name: Ruoppolo, Margherita
name: Caterino, Marianna
name: Pirozzi, Francesca
name: Strisciuglio, Pietro
name: Parenti, Giancarlo
name: Melis, Daniela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental figure 2. CPT1A expression in GSDIa childrenand pediatric controls. Each control had blood sampling under standard dietary regimen after the same fasting time of his/her age and sex matched patient. Mean value is shown for each group of participants. p=0.08.
Dissecting the mechanisms of Joka2 mediated defence-related autophagy
Creators: name: Tumtas, Yasin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Phytophthora infestans forms infection structures, haustoria, that enable translocation of virulence proteins, effectors. Invaded cells respond with a spatially confined defence response known as focal immunity, a poorly understood process that is implicated in the concentration of plant immune responses around haustoria. P. infestans counteracts this by deploying PexRD54, an effector that antagonizes Joka2 mediated immunity across the extra-haustorial membrane (EHM). However, how Joka2 contributes to immunity and molecular mechanisms enhancing resistance remain unknown. In this study, I dissect the role of Joka2 in defence-related autophagy. I first investigated recruitment of defence-related host autophagy machinery, including the plant autophagy cargo receptor Joka2 and ATG9 towards the EHM (Chapter 3), I showed that trafficking of Joka2 perihaustorial region is necessary for Joka2-mediated immunity. Then, I identified candidate Joka2 interactors which were obtained from a mass spectrometry analyses of Joka2 pull-downs. Remarkably, this revealed potential Joka2 interactors, including defence-related enzymes and signalling components that are implicated in both basal plant immunity and effector triggered immunity. By using a co-immunoprecipitation approach, I validated that PAL and MAP kinases 3, 6, and 9 interact with Joka2 in vivo, but not PDX. I showed that PAL-Joka2 interaction is UBA domain dependent and MAPK-Joka2 association is through the uncharacterized domain(s) of Joka2 (Chapter 4). Consistent with this, Joka2 co-expression together with MAPK cascade activation stabilised MAPKs protein levels which shows MAPKs are not autophagy substrates recruited by Joka2. Furthermore, abundant Joka2 enhanced hypersensitive response triggered by these MAPK’s pathway (Chapter 5). I also found that Joka2 loses its ability to contribute to immunity upon removal of the domain responsible for MAPK binding, indicating that Joka2-MAPK interaction is essential for activation of defence-related autophagy. These results implicate selective autophagy in plant focal immunity and suggest more complex functions for autophagy than the widely known degradative roles.
Nanoparticle-based tracing techniques in geothermal reservoir: Advances, challenges and prospects
Creators: name: Spitzmüller, Laura
name: Nitschke, Fabian
name: Berson, Jonathan
name: Maercks, Annika
name: Rudolph, Bastian
name: Schimmel, Thomas
name: Kohl, Thomas
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: functional nanoparticles
nanotracer
stability
dissolution
surface modification
sorption control

description: Accurate knowledge of reservoir geometry and flow paths are critical parameters for successful geothermal operations. They are essential for evaluating the long-term behavior and sustainability of geothermal reservoirs. Conventional hydraulic testing and tracer tests are often inconclusive or provide limited information due to complex and challenging reservoir conditions (multiple well systems, complex reservoir geometry, and fracture network, etc.). Recently, a new class of tracer techniques has emerged in order to overcome the major drawbacks of molecular tracers: nanoparticle-based tracers. The main advantages of nanoparticle tracers compared to molecular tracers are their tunable properties and modular structure. Functional and smart nanoparticle tracers such as the threshold-triggered temperature nanotracer enabled the simultaneous evaluation of multiple reservoir conditions (flow paths, temperature distribution, etc.) and created an entirely new field of research. As new areas of research often require detailed insights into fundamental processes, there are still open questions about the interactions between particles, fluids, and rock minerals and their performance in complex geothermal environments. As an example, the application of embedded or surface-bound tracing features (e.g., fluorescent molecules, DNA, etc.) within or on a silica matrix prevents the tracing function from being affected by the environment (e.g., pH changes, salinity effects, redox sensitivity). Although silica has low hydro(thermal) stability and loses its protective function at high temperatures or long-term applications, nanoscience offers a comprehensive set of tools to design and protect the silica matrix. Another advantage is the possibility of surface modifications, which can help to achieve minimum sorption and retention by adapting the ζ-potential of the nanoparticles. In this study, we address recent advances in increasing long-term stability, improving hydrothermal stability of silica nanoparticles, sorption control. Furthermore, we present strategies for the development and functionalization of nanoparticle-based tracers.