cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Soft electronics by inkjet printing metal inks on porous substrates
Creators: name: Kang, Dong Jin
name: Gonzaléz-García, Lola
name: Kraus, Tobias
Publisher: name: Philadelphia, PA : IOP Publishing
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: conductive ink
subject: inkjet printing
subject: porous substrate
subject: printed electronics
subject: soft electronics
subject: 621.3

description: Soft electronic devices enable new types of products for an ergonomic interaction of humans with a digital environment. The inkjet (droplet on demand) printing of electrically conductive ink in plural on soft substrates such as paper, textile, and polymers is a promising route for the prototyping and small-scale production of soft electronics that is efficient, cost-saving, and provides a rapid turnaround due to its fully digital workflow. The choice of materials and processing parameters is challenging, however, due to the combined complexity of metal-containing inks, their dynamics during droplet ejection, the active role of the porous substrate, and possible post-deposition steps. This review focuses on recent developments in inkjet printing of metal inks onto soft, porous substrates and their applications. The first section discusses the general principles in the inkjet printing of metal inks, including drop formation and jetting, wetting, and post treatment processes. The second section deals with the effect that the porosity of substrates has on the drying, diffusion, and adhesion of inks. Finally, current challenges and achievements of inkjet-printed, metal-containing inks are discussed.
Stellar age spreads in clusters as imprints of cluster-parent clump densities
Creators: name: Parmentier, Genevieve
name: Pfalzner, Susanne
name: Grebel, Eva K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been suggested that high-density clusters have stellar age distributions narrower than that of the Orion Nebula Cluster, indicating a possible trend of narrower age distributions for denser clusters. We show this effect to likely arise from star formation being faster in gas with a higher density. We model the star formation history of molecular clumps in equilibrium by associating a star formation efficiency (SFE) per free-fall time, \eff, to their volume density profile. Our model predicts a steady decline of the star formation rate (SFR), which we quantify with its half-life time, namely, the time needed for the SFR to drop to half its initial value. Given the uncertainties affecting the SFE per free-fall time, we consider two distinct values: 0.1 and 0.01. For isothermal spheres, \eff=0.1 leads to a half-life time of order the clump free-fall time, \tff. Therefore, the age distributions of stars formed in high-density clumps have smaller full-widths at half-maximum than those of stars formed in low-density clumps. When \eff=0.01, the half-life time is 10 times longer. We explore what happens if the star formation duration is shorter than 10\tff, that is, if the half-life time of the SFR cannot be defined. There, we build on the invariance of the shape of the young cluster mass function to show that an anti-correlation between clump density and star formation duration is expected. Therefore, regardless of whether the star formation duration is longer than the SFR half-life time, denser molecular clumps yield narrower star age distributions in clusters. Published densities and stellar age spreads of young clusters actually suggest that the time-scale for star formation is of order 1-4\tff. We conclude that there is no need to invoke the existence of multiple cluster formation mechanisms to explain the observed range of stellar age spreads in clusters.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydro-2H-Pyrroles from Ketones, Aldehydes, and Nitro Alkanes via Hydrogenative Cyclization
Creators: name: Klausfelder, Barbara
name: Blach, Patricia
name: De Jonge, Niels
name: Kempe, Rhett
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: catalysis
subject: hydrogenation
subject: multicomponent reaction
subject: N-heterocycles
subject: nickel
subject: 540
subject: 660

description: Syntheses of N-heterocyclic compounds that permit a flexible introduction of various substitution patterns by using inexpensive and diversely available starting materials are highly desirable. Easy to handle and reusable catalysts based on earth-abundant metals are especially attractive for these syntheses. We report here on the synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrroles via the hydrogenation and cyclization of nitro ketones. The latter are easily accessible from three components: a ketone, an aldehyde and a nitroalkane. Our reaction has a broad scope and 23 of the 33 products synthesized are compounds which have not yet been reported. The key to the general hydrogenation/cyclization reaction is a highly active, selective and reusable nickel catalyst, which was identified from a library of 24 earth-abundant metal catalysts.
Review of short-range gravity experiments in the LHC era
Creators: name: Murata, Jiro
name: Tanaka, Saki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This document briefly reviews recent short-range gravity experiments that were performed at below laboratory scales to test the Newtonian inverse square law of gravity. To compare sensitivities of these measurements, estimates using the conventional Yukawa parametrization are introduced. Since these experiments were triggered by the prediction of the large extra-dimension model, experiments performed at different length scales are compared with this prediction. In this paper, a direct comparison between laboratory-scale experiments and the LHC results is presented for the first time. A laboratory experiment is shown to determine the best limit at $M_D > 4.6 \;\rm{TeV}$ and $λ<23 \;μ\rm{m}$. In addition, new analysis results are described for atomic systems used as gravitational microlaboratories.
description: submitted to Class. Quantum Grav. as topical review
Endothelial cell spreading on lipid bilayers with combined integrin and cadherin binding ligands
Creators: name: Koçer, Gülistan
name: Albino, Inês M.C.
name: Verheijden, Mark L.
name: Jonkheijm, Pascal
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell-instructive
subject: Cell-surface interactions
subject: Peptide ligands
subject: Supported lipid bilayers
subject: Surface modification
subject: 540
subject: 610

description: Endothelial cells play a central role in the vascular system, where their function is tightly regulated by both cell-extracellular matrix (e.g., via integrins) and cell–cell interactions (e.g., via cadherins). In this study, we incorporated cholesterol-modified integrin and N-cadherin peptide binding ligands in fluid supported lipid bilayers. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell adhesion, spreading and vinculin localization in these cells were dependent on ligand density. One composition led to observe a higher extent of cell spreading, where cells exhibited extensive lamellipodia formation and a qualitatively more distinct N-cadherin localization at the cell periphery, which is indicative of N-cadherin clustering and a mimic of cell–cell contact formation. The results can be used to reconstitute the endothelial-pericyte interface on biomedical devices and materials.
Interoperability Standards - Digital Objects in Their Own Right
Creators: name: Susanna-Assunta Sansone
name: Rocca-Serra, Philippe
Publisher: name: Wellcome Trust
Year: 2020
Subjects: Science Policy

description: Providing an introduction to the landscape of standards, this report focuses on the wealth of content standards available in the life and biomedical sciences, introducing their life cycle and the ecosystem of stakeholders and initiatives. The report also highlights a number of technical, social and financial pain points, which must be addressed if we are to realize a visionof integral content standards that seamlessly become part of the research and data management enterprise of the future.
Women Empowerment in Modern Age
Creators: name: Dr. Hafizakhatun
name: Gbadewole Opeyemi Antoinette
name: Dr. B. M. Bhanje
name: Dr. Praveen G. Saptarshi
name: Dr. Kavitha G N
name: Dr. Adavitot S., C.
name: Dr. Carolline David
name: Kale, Uma S
name: Dr. Shweta Rani
name: Dr. Drishti B. Joshi
name: Dr Jyoti Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Women Empowerment in Modern Age
Beyond Aesthetics of Pity. Italian Media Representation of Migrants and Emotional Audience
Creators: name: Cava, Antonia
name: Parito, Mariaeugenia
name: Pira, Francesco
Publisher: name: Fisciano: ICSR Mediterranean Knowledge
Year: 2018
Subjects: Media representation
Migration
Audience
European integration

description: Public debates on migration oscillate between two conflicting claims: on the one hand, compassion and protection, on the other hand, rejection and fear. Both representations are more focused on emotional reactions (Castells, 2009) than rational reflections (Habermas, 1962, 1992, 1996a,1996b, 1999). The media hyper-simplification concurs to a social representation of migration that is currently distorting real-life experiences to such an extent that the spectacularization of migrants brings about problems in terms of their negative self-representations. Furthermore, information about migrants reported by media is usually decontextualized (Marletti, 1995; Faso, 2008; Ghirelli, 2005; Maneri, 2001; Musarò, Parmiggiani, 2014), worsening this state of affairs. Media do not encourage the audience to give evaluations about specific topics, thus framing an agenda of issues to reflect on, so that the presentation of a topic does not cause prejudice or influence a course of action, but favour its contextualization (Shaw, 1979). Consequently, the complex phenomenon of migration is concealed in many degrees and ways by the Italian media system. Starting from this assumption, we argue that these kinds of representation do not allow the audience to understand the complexity of the question, indeed feeding populism and influencing European and national policies to manage migration. In particular, emotional representations conceal the central issue of the potential breaking of fundamental rights claimed in the European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights (Ambrosini, 2015).
Digital Scholarship Services - Neue Dienstleistungen von wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken für die datenbasierte Forschung
Creators: name: Woitas, Kathi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Scholarship
Digital Scholarship Services
Library Services
Data Science
Digital Humanities
Computational Linguistics
Computational Social Sciences

description: Digital scholarship: This term describes the increasing use of digital, data-based methods in various branches of science (e.g. computational linguistics, digital humanities, computational social sciences). Researchers work on the basis of, with and on specific data sets and structures, use technologies of data analysis, natural language processing and machine learning, and publish research results in new digital forms. At the same time, a comprehensive understanding of Open Science or Open Scholarship requires making cultural heritage available with new accesses and forms.

In order to do justice to these developments, libraries are called upon to

- to prepare their own and other collections digitally and in a structured and diverse way
- to provide the necessary tools and infrastructures
- to support research, teaching and the public with advice and mediation in their use.

The University Library of Bern is developing such services to support digital scholarship as part of the university's digitisation strategy. The basis for this is formed by newer concepts such as Collections as Data and the teaching of digital skills, especially data literacy.

The lecture will first give an insight into methods of data-based research. Centrally, the requirements and challenges - and opportunities - that academic libraries face in dealing with data and data volumes will be discussed. Finally, international examples of digital scholarship services will be presented alongside those offered by the University Library of Bern.
title: Nouvelle offre touristique urbaine: vers un tourisme autochtone ?
title: Etude de cas avec les balades urbaines à Lausanne.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Mitic, Nadia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Tourisme urbain / réappropriation urbaine / Web 2.0 / démarche participative / marche / flânerie / Lausanne

description: L’offre touristique de ces dix dernières années a pris un nouveau tournant induit par les nouvelles technologies, tel le web 2.0, et les compagnies d’aviation à bas prix. Projets ludiques, multimédias ; visites mettant en avant l’approche affective, sensorielle ou humaine d’un lieu, ces nouvelles offres ont changé le paysage de l’offre touristique actuelle. En parallèle, une préoccupation accrue de la part de la population citadine et des instances politiques pour les principes de l’Agenda 21 mis en place lors de la Déclaration de Rio de Janeiro de 1992 sur l’environnement et le développement. Dans ce contexte, des projets divers et ponctuels voient le jour dans une volonté de réinvestir l’espace de vie. Ceux-ci sont initiés dans une volonté de réinvestir l’espace urbain et le souhait d’une ville plus proche des besoins et des préoccupations de ses habitants. Les domaines touchés sont aussi variés que nombreux : art, architecture, histoire, jeu, convivialité, solidarité, etc… Dans ce domaine, la balade urbaine se dessine comme le vecteur privilégié de réappropriation de la ville.
Optimal Integrated Abundances for Chemical Tagging of Extragalactic Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Sakari, Charli M.
name: Venn, Kim
name: Shetrone, Matthew
name: Dotter, Aaron
name: Mackey, Dougal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High resolution integrated light (IL) spectroscopy provides detailed abundances of distant globular clusters whose stars cannot be resolved. Abundance comparisons with other systems (e.g. for chemical tagging) require understanding the systematic offsets that can occur between clusters, such as those due to uncertainties in the underlying stellar population. This paper analyses high resolution IL spectra of the Galactic globular clusters 47 Tuc, M3, M13, NGC 7006, and M15 to (1) quantify potential systematic uncertainties in Fe, Ca, Ti, Ni, Ba, and Eu and (2) identify the most stable abundance ratios that will be useful in future analyses of unresolved targets. When stellar populations are well-modelled, uncertainties are ~0.1-0.2 dex based on sensitivities to the atmospheric parameters alone; in the worst case scenarios, uncertainties can rise to 0.2-0.4 dex. The [Ca I/Fe I] ratio is identified as the optimal integrated [alpha/Fe] indicator (with offsets <0.1 dex), while [Ni I/Fe I] is also extremely stable to within <0.1 dex. The [Ba II/Eu II] ratios are also stable when the underlying populations are well modelled and may also be useful for chemical tagging.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Reflection methods for inverse problems with application to protein conformation determination
Creators: name: Borwein, Jonathan M.
name: Tam, Matthew K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Douglas-Rachford reflection method is a general purpose algorithm useful for solving the feasibility problem of finding a point in the intersection of finitely many sets. In this chapter we demonstrate that applied to a specific problem, the method can benefit from heuristics specific to said problem which exploit its special structure. In particular, we focus on the problem of protein conformation determination formulated within the framework of matrix completion, as was considered in a recent paper of the present authors.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Cononsolvency of the responsive polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in water/methanol mixtures: a dynamic light scattering study of the effect of pressure on the collective dynamics
Creators: name: Niebuur, Bart-Jan
name: Deyerling, André
name: Höfer, Nicole
name: Schulte, Alfons
name: Papadakis, Christine M.
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cononsolvency
subject: Dynamic light scattering
subject: High pressure
subject: PNIPAM
subject: Thermoresponsive polymers
subject: 540

description: The collective dynamics of 25 wt% poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) solutions in water or an 80:20 v/v water/methanol mixture are investigated in the one-phase region in dependence on pressure and temperature using dynamic light scattering. Throughout, two dynamic modes are observed, the fast one corresponding to the relaxation of the chain segments within the polymer blobs and the slow one to the relaxation of the blobs. A pressure scan in the one-phase region on an aqueous solution at 34.0 °C, i.e., slightly below the maximum of the coexistence line, reveals that the dynamic correlation length of the fast mode increases when the left and the right branch of the coexistence line are approached. Thus, the chains are rather swollen far away from the coexistence line, but contracted near the phase transition. Temperature scans of solutions in neat H2O or in H2O/CD3OD at 0.1, 130, and 200 MPa reveal that the dynamic correlation length of the fast mode shows critical behavior. However, the critical exponents are significantly larger than the value predicted by mean-field theory for the static correlation length, ν = 0.5, and the exponent is significantly larger for the solution in the H2O/CD3OD mixture than in neat H2O.
Negativity of quantumness and non-Markovianity in a qubit coupled to a thermal Ising spin bath system
Creators: name: Hu, Zheng-Da
name: Zhang, Yixin
name: Zhang, Ye-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to characterize the non-Markovian dynamics and quantify the non-Markovianity via the non-classicality measured by the negativity of quantumness. By considering a qubit in contact with a critical Ising spin bath and introducing an ancilla, we show that revivals of negativity of quantumness indicate the non-Markovian dynamics. Furthermore, a normalized measure of non-Markovianity based on the negativity of quantumness is introduced and the influences of bath criticality, bath temperature and bath size on the non-Markovianity are discussed. It is shown that, at the critical point, the decay of non-Markovianity versus the size of spin bath is fastest and the non-Markovianity is exactly zero only in the thermodynamic limit. Besides, non-trivial behaviours of negativity of quantumness such as sudden change, double sudden changes and keeping constant are found for different relations between parameters of the initial state. Finally, how the non-classicality of the system is affected by a series of bang-bang pulses is also examined.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Complications biliaires après tranplantation hépatique
Creators: name: Veltchev, Ludmil Marinov
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: La transplantation hépatique (TH) et son évolution récente, constituent une illustration remarquable du progrès médical de ces 20 dernières années. La découverte et l’amélioration de l’immunologie de transplantation au cours des dernières années, le progrès des techniques chirurgicales, de la réanimation médicale et de la conservation des organes prélevés, sont les éléments fondamentaux de ce nouveau pouvoir que l’homme vient de se donner : la possibilité de remplacer les organes vitaux lorsqu’ils sont atteints par une maladie terminale. La TH n’est plus une thérapeutique expérimentale, elle fait désormais partie des traitements que les hépatologues doivent envisager dans certains cas d’hépatopathies irréversibles. Depuis la première TH réalisée chez l’homme en 1963 par TE Starzl, à Denver on peut distinguer 3 périodes (1) : du stade expérimental, de 1963 à 1970, la transplantation hépatique passe au stade d’investigation clinique dans les années 70 pour devenir, à partir des années 80, une véritable thérapeutique grâce, notamment, à l’introduction de la Ciclosporine (2). Actuellement, le taux de survie à 1 an pour toutes les indications est d’environ 80 - 90 % le taux de survie 5 ans pour toutes indications est de 60 à 70 % (3). Après transplantation du foie, plus de 80% des patients reprennent une vie normale. Les enfants retournent à l’école, les adultes à leurs responsabilités familiales, leurs emplois et à des activités sociales habituelles. Cependant, il persiste une importante morbidité et mortalité liée aux complications immunologiques, infectieuses, rénales, vasculaires et en particulier, aux complications biliaires - le ‘’ talon d’Achille’’ de la TH. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous avons analysé la fréquence et les caractéristiques des complications biliaires après TH dans l’expérience du CHUV entre 1988 et 2003.
Eigenspace Method for Spatiotemporal Hotspot Detection
Creators: name: Fanaee-T, Hadi
name: Gama, João
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hotspot detection aims at identifying subgroups in the observations that are unexpected, with respect to the some baseline information. For instance, in disease surveillance, the purpose is to detect sub-regions in spatiotemporal space, where the count of reported diseases (e.g. Cancer) is higher than expected, with respect to the population. The state-of-the-art method for this kind of problem is the Space-Time Scan Statistics (STScan), which exhaustively search the whole space through a sliding window looking for significant spatiotemporal clusters. STScan makes some restrictive assumptions about the distribution of data, the shape of the hotspots and the quality of data, which can be unrealistic for some nontraditional data sources. A novel methodology called EigenSpot is proposed where instead of an exhaustive search over the space, tracks the changes in a space-time correlation structure. Not only does the new approach presents much more computational efficiency, but also makes no assumption about the data distribution, hotspot shape or the data quality. The principal idea is that with the joint combination of abnormal elements in the principal spatial and the temporal singular vectors, the location of hotspots in the spatiotemporal space can be approximated. A comprehensive experimental evaluation, both on simulated and real data sets reveals the effectiveness of the proposed method.
description: To appear in Expert Systems Journal
Microgravity Removes Reaction Limits from Nonpolar Nanoparticle Agglomeration
Creators: name: Pyttlik, Andrea
name: Kuttich, Björn
name: Kraus, Tobias
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: diffusion-limited agglomeration
subject: dynamic light scattering
subject: microgravity
subject: nanoparticles
subject: reaction-limited agglomeration
subject: 570
subject: 620

description: Gravity can affect the agglomeration of nanoparticles by changing convection and sedimentation. The temperature-induced agglomeration of hexadecanethiol-capped gold nanoparticles in microgravity (µ g) is studied at the ZARM (Center of Applied Space Technology and Microgravity) drop tower and compared to their agglomeration on the ground (1 g). Nonpolar nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter of 13 nm are dispersed in tetradecane, rapidly cooled from 70 to 10 °C to induce agglomeration, and observed by dynamic light scattering at a time resolution of 1 s. The mean hydrodynamic diameters of the agglomerates formed after 8 s in microgravity are 3 times (for low initial concentrations) to 5 times (at high initial concentrations) larger than on the ground. The observations are consistent with an agglomeration process that is closer to the reaction limit on thground and closer to the diffusion limit in microgravity.
Galactic model parameters of cataclysmic variables: Results from a new absolute magnitude calibration with 2MASS and WISE
Creators: name: Ozdonmez, A.
name: Ak, T.
name: Bilir, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to determine the spatial distribution, Galactic model parameters and luminosity function of cataclysmic variables (CVs), a $J$-band magnitude limited sample of 263 CVs has been established using a newly constructed period-luminosity-colours (PLCs) relation which includes $J$, $K_{s}$ and $W1$-band magnitudes in 2MASS and WISE photometries, and the orbital periods of the systems. This CV sample is assumed to be homogeneous regarding to distances as the new PLCs relation is calibrated with new or re-measured trigonometric parallaxes. Our analysis shows that the scaleheight of CVs is increasing towards shorter periods, although selection effects for the periods shorter than 2.25 h dramatically decrease the scaleheight: the scaleheight of the systems increases from 192 pc to 326 pc as the orbital period decreases from 12 to 2.25h. The $z$-distribution of all CVs in the sample is well fitted by an exponential function with a scaleheight of 213$^{+11}_{-10}$ pc. However, we suggest that the scaleheight of CVs in the Solar vicinity should be $\sim$300 pc and that the scaleheights derived using the sech$^2$ function should be also considered in the population synthesis models. The space density of CVs in the Solar vicinity is found 5.58(1.35)$\times 10^{-6}$ pc$^{-3}$ which is in the range of previously derived space densities and not in agreement with the predictions of the population models. The analysis based on the comparisons of the luminosity function of white dwarfs with the luminosity function of CVs in this study show that the best fits are obtained by dividing the luminosity functions of white dwarfs by a factor of 350-450.
description: 31 pages, 14 figures and 7 tables, accepted for publication in New Astronomy
Questioni giuridiche e problemi di tutela dei diritti fondamentali nella risposta dell’Unione europea alle pratiche di strumentalizzazione dei flussi migratori
Creators: name: Forti, Mirko
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2022
Subjects: Borders
Instrumentalization
Migration
Fundamental rights
International protection

description: In 2021, Belarus adopted aggressive policies of instrumentalization of migratory flows, causing a humanitarian crisis at the borders of the European Union. The Belarusian government facilitated new migration routes to the neighbouring countries of Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland to destabilize the European Union and its Member States. This paper assesses the EU normative response from a fundamental rights perspective to understand where to strike a balance between safeguarding borders and protecting the migrants affected.
description: I drammatici eventi avvenuti nel 2021 al confine tra Unione europea e Bielorussia sono il risultato di aggressive politiche di strumentalizzazione delle persone migranti adottate dalla Repubblica ex Sovietica. Il governo bielorusso ha infatti agevolato l’apertura di nuove rotte migratorie dirette verso i Paesi confinanti di Lettonia, Lituania e Polonia con l’intento di destabilizzare l’Unione europea e i suoi Stati membri. Il presente contributo vuole analizzare la risposta normativa delle istituzioni europee ai fenomeni di strumentalizzazione delle migrazioni per valutarne la compatibilità con il quadro internazionale di tutela dei diritti fondamentali e capire se è stato raggiunto un adeguato bilanciamento tra la salvaguardia dei confini e la protezione dei migranti coinvolti.
Mechanochemical Ionization: Differentiating Pressure-, Shear-, and Temperature-Induced Reactions in a Model Phosphate
Creators: name: Sukhomlinov, Sergey V.
name: Kickelbick, Guido
name: Müser, Martin H.
Publisher: name: Cham : Springer International Publishing
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mechanochemistry
subject: Tribochemistry
subject: Triboelectricity
subject: ZDDP
subject: 670
subject: 620

description: Using density-functional theory-based molecular dynamics simulations, we study stress and temperature-induced chemical reactions in bulk systems containing triphosphoric acid and zinc phosphate molecules. The nature of the products depends sensitively on the imposed conditions, e.g., isotropic and even more so shear stress create (zwitter-) ionic products. Free ions also emerge from thermal cycles, but the reactions are endothermic rather than exothermic as for stress-induced transitions and zinc atoms remain four-coordinated. Hydrostatic stresses required for reactions to occur lie well below those typical for tribological micro-contacts of stiff solids and are further reduced by shear. Before zinc atoms change their coordination under stress, proton mobility increases, i.e., hydrogen atoms start to change the oxygen atom they are bonded to within 10 ps time scales. The hydrostatic stress for this to occur is reduced with increasing shear. Our finding suggests that materials for which number, nature, and mobility of ions are stress sensitive cannot have a well-defined position in the triboelectric series, since local contact stresses generally depend on the stiffness of the counter body. Moreover, our simulations do not support the idea that chemical reactions in a tribo-contact are commonly those that would be obtained through heating alone.
Near-infrared Thermal Emission Detections of a number of hot Jupiters and the Systematics of Ground-based Near-infrared Photometry
Creators: name: Croll, Bryce
name: Albert, Loic
name: Jayawardhana, Ray
name: Cushing, Michael
name: Moutou, Claire
name: Lafreniere, David
name: Johnson, John Asher
name: Bonomo, Aldo S.
name: Deleuil, Magali
name: Fortney, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detections of the near-infrared thermal emission of three hot Jupiters and one brown-dwarf using the Wide-field Infrared Camera (WIRCam) on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). These include Ks-band secondary eclipse detections of the hot Jupiters WASP-3b and Qatar-1b and the brown dwarf KELT-1b. We also report Y-band, $K_{CONT}$-band, and two new and one reanalyzed Ks-band detections of the thermal emission of the hot Jupiter WASP-12b. We present a new reduction pipeline for CFHT/WIRCam data, which is optimized for high precision photometry. We also describe novel techniques for constraining systematic errors in ground-based near-infrared photometry, so as to return reliable secondary eclipse depths and uncertainties. We discuss the noise properties of our ground-based photometry for wavelengths spanning the near-infrared (the YJHK-bands), for faint and bright-stars, and for the same object on several occasions. For the hot Jupiters WASP-3b and WASP-12b we demonstrate the repeatability of our eclipse depth measurements in the Ks-band; we therefore place stringent limits on the systematics of ground-based, near-infrared photometry, and also rule out violent weather changes in the deep, high pressure atmospheres of these two hot Jupiters at the epochs of our observations.
description: 27 pages, 23 figures, ApJ submitted June 16th, 2014. Version revised to address referee comments
Reprocessing of Ices in Turbulent Protoplanetary Disks: Carbon and Nitrogen Chemistry
Creators: name: Furuya, Kenji
name: Aikawa, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of the turbulent transport on ice chemistry in protoplanetary disks, focusing on carbon and nitrogen bearing molecules. Chemical rate equations are solved with the diffusion term, mimicking the turbulent mixing in the vertical direction. Turbulence can bring ice-coated dust grains from the midplane to the warm irradiated disk surface, and the ice mantles are reprocessed by photoreactions, thermal desorption, and surface reactions. The upward transport decreases the abundance of methanol and ammonia ices at r < 30 AU, because warm dust temperature prohibits their reformation on grain surfaces. This reprocessing could explain the smaller abundances of carbon and nitrogen bearing molecules in cometary coma than those in low-mass protostellar envelopes. We also show the effect of mixing on the synthesis of complex organic molecules (COMs) are two ways: (1) transport of ices from the midplane to the disk surface and (2) transport of atomic hydrogen from the surface to the midplane. The former enhances the COMs formation in the disk surface, while the latter suppresses it in the midplane. Then, when mixing is strong, COMs are predominantly formed in the disk surface, while their parent molecules are (re)formed in the midplane. This cycle expands the COMs distribution both vertically and radially outward compared with that in the non-turbulent model. We derive the timescale of the sink mechanism by which CO and N2 are converted to less volatile molecules to be depleted from the gas phase, and find that the vertical mixing suppresses this mechanism in the inner disks.
description: 38 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, accepted to ApJ
Einstein Spacetimes with Constant Weyl Eigenvalues
Creators: name: Barnes, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein spacetimes (that is vacuum spacetimes possibly with a non-zero cosmological constant Λ) with constant non-zero Weyl eigenvalus are considered. For type Petrov II & D this assumption allows one to prove that the non-repeated eigenvalue necessarily has the value 2Λ/3 and it turns out that the only possible spacetimes are some Kundt-waves considered by Lewandowski which are type II and a Robinson-Bertotti solution of type D. For Petrov type I the only solution turns out to be a homogeneous pure vacuum solution found long ago by Petrov using group theoretic methods. These results can be summarised by the statement that the only vacuum spacetimes with constant Weyl eigenvalues are either homogeneous or are Kundt space- times. This result is similar to that of Coley et al. who proved their result for general spacetimes under the assumption that all scalar invariants constructed from the curvature tensor and all its derivatives were constant. Some preliminary results are also presented for Petrov Type I vacua in which either only one of the Weyl eigenvalues is constant or in which the ratios of the Weyl eigenvalues are constants. In particular in each case there is a simple algebraic relation between the Newman-Penrose Weyl tensor components $Ψ_2$ & $Ψ_0 (=Ψ_4)$ and the 'cross-ratio' of the optical scalars κν-σλ of the associated principal null tetrad of the Weyl tensor.
description: 21 pages. Extended version of a talk given at the Spanish Relativity Meeting, Valencia 2014
COVID19 DRUG REVIEW DISCUSSIONS
Creators: name: JAYDIP DATTA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid19 ,SARS-COV-2 , Respiratory Syndrome , Antimalerial ,Lopinavir-Ritonavir , Remdesivir , Interferon-Beta-1b, Dexamethasone , Vaccine developement ,Clinical trial

description: In this type of note some probable drugs both the antiviral as well as non- antiviral synthetic drugs including vaccines de-velopement serving against Covid19 commonly used under trial basis are taken into discussion .Starting from Hydroxy- Chloroquine sulphate to Remdesivir just some points are discussed only but the in detail study regarding Structure , SAR , Q –SAR ,formulations pharmacology / bio-logical activities are available in the following BIBILOGRAPHIC discussions .Remdesivir is highlited in image since it is only effective drug against SARS-COV-2 in presense or in absence of interferon 1b .The term " Drugs " broadly classified to synthetic drugs as well as vaccines under trial .
description: REF : COVID 19 - A PROBABLE BIBILOGRAPHIC DRUG DISCUSSIONS ,Subjects: Medicinal Chemistry | Virology | Pharmacology & Toxicology Created by: Jaydip Datta , https://encyclopedia.pub/1988
description: {"references": ["https://encyclopedia.pub/item/revision/e4bc44ae773e5257b67eff7793dfdacf"]}
title: Une perspective de genre sur la mobilité quotidienne
title: Le reflet de la division sexuelle du travail sur les déplacements des hommes et des femmes dans l'agglomération lausannoise, microrecensement transports 2005
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Giger, Manon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Mobilité quotidienne / perspective de genre / microrecensement transports / division sexuelle du travail / déplacement domestique / sociologie du travail / densité / mixité

description: Les déplacements quotidiens sont abordés dans une perspective de genre en regard de la division sexuelle du travail. Le constat posé est que le modèle traditionnel de partage des tâches – domestiques et professionnelles - a structuré la conception de l’urbanisme en zones fonctionnelles ainsi que la mobilité des hommes et des femmes. Analysant les données du microrecensement et des politiques publiques en matière de transport et d’urbanisme, ce travail fait dialoguer mobilité quotidienne, études genres, sociologie du travail et aménagement du territoire
Short-ranged interaction effects on $Z_2$ topological phase transitions
Creators: name: Lai, Hsin-Hua
name: Hung, Hsiang-Hsuan
name: Fiete, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a combined perturbative and self-consistent mean-field approach that we directly compare with quantum Monte Carlo calculations, we study the effects of short-ranged interactions on the $Z_2$ topological insulator phase, also known as the quantum spin Hall phase, in two generalized versions of the Kane-Mele model at half-filling on the honeycomb lattice. For interactions weaker than the critical value for magnetic instability, we find that the interactions can stabilize the quantum spin Hall phase against third neighbor hoppings, which preserve $C_3$ lattice rotation symmetry, but destabilize it for a dimerization that explicitly breaks the $C_3$ symmetry. Consistent with quantum Monte Carlo calculations, we show the phase boundary shifts are linearly proportional to the square of the interaction strength, but with opposite sign--a result that cannot be reproduced with a perturbative treatment that does not also include a self-consistent treatment of the perturbed Hamiltonian. Our results emphasize that short-range interactions can have subtle effects on the stability of topological phases, and may need to be treated by methods analogous to those we use here.
description: 4.5 pages, 4 figures
Mass-angular-momentum relations implied by models of twin peak quasi-periodic oscillations
Creators: name: Torok, Gabriel
name: Bakala, Pavel
name: Sramkova, Eva
name: Stuchlik, Zdenek
name: Urbanec, Martin
name: Goluchova, Katerina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twin peak quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) appear in the X-ray power-density spectra of several accreting low-mass neutron star (NS) binaries. Observations of the peculiar Z-source Circinus X-1 display unusually low QPO frequencies. Using these observations, we have previously considered the relativistic precession (RP) twin peak QPO model to estimate the mass of central NS in Circinus X-1. We have shown that such an estimate results in a specific mass-angular-momentum (M-j) relation rather than a single preferred combination of M and j. Here we confront our previous results with another binary, the atoll source 4U 1636-53 that displays the twin peak QPOs at very high frequencies, and extend the consideration to various twin peak QPO models. In analogy to the RP model, we find that these imply their own specific M-j relations. We explore these relations for both sources and note differences in the chi-square behavior that represent a dichotomy between high- and low-frequency sources. Based on the RP model, we demonstrate that this dichotomy is related to a strong variability of the model predictive power across the frequency plane. This variability naturally comes from the radial dependence of characteristic frequencies of orbital motion. As a consequence, the restrictions on the models resulting from observations of low-frequency sources are weaker than those in the case of high-frequency sources. Finally we also discuss the need for a correction to the RP model and consider the removing of M-j degeneracies, based on the twin peak QPO-independent angular momentum estimates.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Microarray Analysis Reveals Overexpression of both Integral Membrane and Cytosolic Tight Junction Genes in Endometrial Cancer Cell Lines
Creators: name: Cuevas, Maria
name: Winters, Chance
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cancer

description: Deregulation of tight junction (TJ) proteins and the associated disruption of TJ function has been demonstrated to play a role in the development of endometrial cancer. In the current study, we have shown overexpression of claudin-3 and -4 mRNA (by RT-PCR) and protein (by immunoblotting) in a panel of 9 human endometrial cancer cell lines. To further expand our understanding of the complex role of TJ deregulation in endometrial cancer, we also investigated the expression of 84 TJ and TJ-associated genes (encoding the array of proteins that function within the TJ network from the membrane to nuclear signaling pathways) by microarray analysis. Consistent with the claudin-3 and -4 RT-PCR and immunoblot findings described above, we observed overexpression of the claudin-3 and -4 genes by microarray analysis. Further, we observed overexpression of an additional three genes in 8 of the 9 endometrial cancer cell lines: OCLN (occludin), F11R (JAM-A) and TJP3 (ZO-3). OCLN and F11R encode integral membrane proteins whereas TJP3 encodes a cytosolic scaffolding protein that indirectly links membrane TJ proteins to the actin cytoskeleton and cell signaling pathways. Our data suggest that the structural disruption of TJs coupled with the downstream deregulation of signaling pathways involved in cellular proliferation and migration may contribute to the development of endometrial cancer.
An equilibrium double-twist model for the radial structure of collagen fibrils
Creators: name: Brown, Aidan I
name: Kreplak, Laurent
name: Rutenberg, Andrew D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mammalian tissues contain networks and ordered arrays of collagen fibrils originating from the periodic self-assembly of helical 300 nm long tropocollagen complexes. The fibril radius is typically between 25 to 250 nm, and tropocollagen at the surface appears to exhibit a characteristic twist-angle with respect to the fibril axis. Similar fibril radii and twist-angles at the surface are observed in vitro, suggesting that these features are controlled by a similar self-assembly process. In this work, we propose a physical mechanism of equilibrium radius control for collagen fibrils based on a radially varying double-twist alignment of tropocollagen within a collagen fibril. The free-energy of alignment is similar to that of liquid crystalline blue phases, and we employ an analytic Euler-Lagrange and numerical free energy minimization to determine the twist-angle between the molecular axis and the fibril axis along the radial direction. Competition between the different elastic energy components, together with a surface energy, determines the equilibrium radius and twist-angle at the fibril surface. A simplified model with a twist-angle that is linear with radius is a reasonable approximation in some parameter regimes, and explains a power-law dependence of radius and twist-angle at the surface as parameters are varied. Fibril radius and twist-angle at the surface corresponding to an equilibrium free-energy minimum are consistent with existing experimental measurements of collagen fibrils. Remarkably, in the experimental regime, all of our model parameters are important for controlling equilibrium structural parameters of collagen fibrils.
description: Accepted for publication in Soft Matter, DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01359j
Force and magnetic field sensor based on measurement of tunneling conductance between ends of coaxial carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Popov, A. M.
name: Lebedeva, I. V.
name: Knizhnik, A. A.
name: Lozovik, Yu. E.
name: Poklonski, N. A.
name: Siahlo, A. I.
name: Vyrko, S. A.
name: Ratkevich, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction and tunneling conductance between oppositely located ends of coaxial carbon nanotubes are studied by the example of two (11,11) nanotubes with open ends terminated by hydrogen atoms. The Green function formalism is applied to determine the tunneling current through the nanotube ends as a function of the distance between the ends, relative orientation of the nanotubes and voltage applied. The energy favorable configuration of the coaxial nanotubes is obtained by the analysis of their interaction energy at different distances between the nanotube ends and angles of their relative rotation. Using these calculations, a general scheme of the force sensor based on the interaction between ends of coaxial nanotubes is proposed and the relation between the tunneling conductance and measured force is established for the considered nanotubes. The operational characteristics of this device as a magnetic field sensor based on measurements of the magnetic force acting on the coaxial nanotubes filled with magnetic endofullerenes are estimated.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
The Topics-scape of the Pandemic Crisis: The Italian Sentiment on Political Leaders
Creators: name: Greco, Francesca
name: La Rocca, Gevisa
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2020
Subjects: Emotional text mining
Pandemic
Political debate
Twitter

description: The aim of the article is to identify themes, actors and mood of the tweets shared by users in the period from March 25 to April 3, 2020 in Italy. It seems an extremely delicate and complex period, because it corresponds to the first phase of the lockdown, introduced following the Covid-19 pandemic. It was a period characterized by emergency and crisis, with nuances related to fear and uncertainty. We assumed that this situation could have influenced and produced effects on the ideologically oriented digital language practice. Taking this background into consideration, we have scraped the messages containing the surnames of the Italian Premier and the one of the opposition leader from Twitter, in order to identify the debate connected to them and to the crisis. To achieve this goal, we performed a computational linguistic technique, Emotinal Text Mining. The first result reconstructs the landscape of the debate. Arising topics-scape drawn by: the leader, the players, the economy, the entertainment, the politic, the skill, and the guilt. Then, representations were identified and sentiments measured.