cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
KK6 from M2 in BLG
Creators: name: Huang, Wung-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility that the Kaluza-Klein monopole (KK6) world-volume action may be obtained from the multiple membranes (M2) action which is described by BLG theory. We first point out that the infinite dimensional Lie 3-algebra based on the Nambu-Poisson structure could not only provide three dimensional manifolds to allow M5 from M2, which was studied by previous authors, but also provide five dimensional manifolds to allow KK6 from M2. We next present a possible way that the U(1) field on KK6 world-volume action could be produced form the gauge potential in BLG theory.
description: Latex, 15 pages. V3: Add theorem 2 to complete proof. V4: Detail physical interpretations and calculations in section 3
Additional file 13 of A matrisome RNA signature from early-pregnancy mouse mammary fibroblasts predicts distant metastasis-free breast cancer survival in humans
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Ayman M.
name: Bilsland, Alan
name: Rickelt, Steffen
name: Morris, Joanna S.
name: Stein, Torsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 13: Figure S10. Multivariate Analysis for 18-gene signature (18_gene_sig) in the total breast cancer cohort (Total BC cohort), ERpos (ER_pos) or ERneg (ER_neg) cancer patients in the presence of other clinical parameters: size > 20 mm (Size), age > 50 years (Age), grade (G3), LN-status (LNneg) and ER-status (ERpos), using either DMFS or RFS as endpoint (10-year cut-off).
A molecular dynamics investigation of water and ion transport through model carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Liu, Lin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: In this dissertation, we investigate water and ion transport through carbon nanotubes using molecular dynamics simulations. Specifically, we examine how different water models influence the simulated conduction rates. We consider three common water models, which are TIP4P/2005, SPC/E, and TIP3P, and observe that water flow rates through the same nanotube are strikingly different amongst the different water models. Also, the water flow rate dependence on temperature fits an Arrhenius-type equation over a temperature range from 260 to 320 K. We provide evidence that there are two factors which determine the conduction rate: the bulk fluid mobility, and the molecular structure of confined water. For narrow nanotubes, for example, a (6,6) nanotube, where water only forms a single-file configuration, the first factor can largely account for the flow rate differences. In this case, we show that the conduction rate correlates with the diffusion coefficient of bulk water. Our simulation results are well described by continuum hydrodynamics as well. The factor of bulk fluid mobility is still important in the water conduction through intermediate-size nanotubes, such as a (9,9) nan- otube. Also, the formation of complex configurations within such nanotubes can impede the transport rate by influencing the mode of water conduction. The ordered structure occurring within nanotubes can also explain the differences between simulation results and continuum hydrodynamics predictions. Hence, both factors decide the water conduction rates through intermediate-size nanotubes. Moreover, we demonstrate that the ion flow rate depends on the viscosity of the bulk solution, as well as the water structure within the nanotubes, together with the ion size. In particular, at lower temperatures complex water configurations act to impede ion transport while still allowing water to flow at a significant rate. In general, our efforts on this issue are of importance for future simulation studies investigating water and ion conduction through nanoscopic channels. This dissertation might also prove useful in designing more efficient nanoscopic conduits for future experimental studies.
Additional file 1 of Evaluating and strengthening the health system of Curaҫao to improve its performance for future outbreaks of vector-borne diseases
Creators: name: Mulderij-Jansen, Vaitiare
name: Gerstenbluth, Izzy
name: Duits, Ashley
name: Tami, Adriana
name: Bailey, Ajay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of the study participants
Applications of oxazolidinones as chiral auxiliaries in the asymmetric alkylation reaction applied to total synthesis
Creators: name: Mommahed Heravi, Majid
name: Zadsirjan, Vahideh
name: Farajpour, Behnaz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30701 Quantum Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: 60105 Cell Neurochemistry
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials

description: Various chiral oxazolidinones (Evans’ oxazolidinones) have been employed as effective chiral auxiliaries in the asymmetric alkylation of different enolates. This strategy has been found promising and successful when used as the key step (steps) in the total synthesis of several biologically active natural products. In this report, we try to underscore the applications of oxazolidinones as chiral auxiliaries in asymmetric alkylation, and particularly in the crucial chiral inducing steps in the total synthesis of natural products that show biological activities. Chiral auxiliaries are generally considered reliable compounds with well-known configurations, enabling and controlling the synthesis of a large number of enantiomerically pure compounds in a time-efficient manner. Consequently, the use of chiral auxiliaries are frequently considered a method of choice in the early phases of drug discovery.
Certification of forest ecosystem services: concept, development, and application
Creators: name: Jaung, Wanggi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Although forests provide various ecosystem services that support human welfare, forest ecosystems have undergone continuous degradation. To mitigate forest loss from illegal logging, forest certification was launched in the early-1990s, and the interest in certification has been expanding in scope from timber to a range of ecosystem services for a complete approach to sustainable forest management. This thesis defines such a certification scheme as the certification of forest ecosystem services (CFES). In the first part, I propose a conceptual framework for CFES and argue that a key function of the certification system is to disclose information on the provision of ecosystem services to the market. This function distinguishes CFES from forest certification and may support improvements of market-based policy instruments for ecosystem services (Chapter 2). The second part examines the possible development of CFES as an expansion of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) system, and analyzes the key FSC stakeholders, including certification bodies, enabling partners, and certificate holders. Their adaptability to ecosystem services was relatively high for biodiversity conservation, carbon storage, and non-timber forest products (Chapter 3). The adaptability also indicated that watershed and soil conservation services could be bundled to reduce the costs of certifying each service (Chapter 4). The FSC certificate holders preferred CFES that offers a price premium, technical training for forest owners, and/or access to global service markets, but their willingness to pay was low (Chapter 5). The third part focuses on applying CFES to a payment for watershed services in West Lombok, Indonesia. Service buyers, sellers, and intermediaries perceived certification as a potential tool to improve watershed management (Chapter 6). Buyers demanded certified services that disclose water quality, flood risk, and/or environmental and social forest safeguards (Chapter 7).
All scale-free networks are sparse
Creators: name: Del Genio, Charo I.
name: Gross, Thilo
name: Bassler, Kevin E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the realizability of scale free-networks with a given degree sequence, showing that the fraction of realizable sequences undergoes two first-order transitions at the values 0 and 2 of the power-law exponent. We substantiate this finding by analytical reasoning and by a numerical method, proposed here, based on extreme value arguments, which can be applied to any given degree distribution. Our results reveal a fundamental reason why large scale-free networks without constraints on minimum and maximum degree must be sparse.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Strong coupling constants of bottom and charmed mesons with scalar, pseudoscalar and axial vector kaons
Creators: name: Sundu, H.
name: Sungu, J. Y.
name: Sahin, S.
name: Yinelek, N.
name: Azizi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong coupling constants, $g_{D_{s}DK_0^*}$, $g_{B_{s}BK_0^*}$, $g_{D^{\ast}_{s}D K}$, $g_{B^{\ast}_{s}BK}$, $g_{D^{\ast}_{s}D K_1}$ and $g_{B^{\ast}_{s}BK_1}$, where $K_0^*$, $K$ and $K_1$ are scalar, pseudoscalar and axial vector kaon mesons, respectively are calculated in the framework of three-point QCD sum rules. In particular, the correlation functions of the considered vertices when both $B(D)$ and $K_0^*(K)(K_1)$ mesons are off-shell are evaluated. In the case of $K_1$, which is either $K_1(1270)$ or $K_1(1400)$, the mixing between these two states are also taken into account. A comparison of the obtained result with the existing prediction on $g_{D^{\ast}_{s}D K}$ as the only coupling constant among the considered vertices, previously calculated in the literature, is also made.
description: 20 Pages, 3 Figures and 8 Tables
Omega and eta meson production in p+p reactions at E_{kin} = 3.5 GeV
Creators: name: Teilab, Khaled
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the exclusive production of omega and eta mesons in p+p reactions at 3.5 GeV beam kinetic energy. Production cross sections, angular distributions and Dalitz plots of both mesons were determined. Moreover, the relative contribution of the N(1535) resonance in eta production at this energy was evaluated. We conclude that eta mesons produced via N(1535) exihibit an isotropic angular distribution, whereas those produced directly show a strong anisotropic distribition. omega mesons show a slightly anisotropic angular distribition.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Meson Production, Properties and Interaction, Krak\'ow, Poland, 10 - 15 June 2010
Additional file 12 of A matrisome RNA signature from early-pregnancy mouse mammary fibroblasts predicts distant metastasis-free breast cancer survival in humans
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Ayman M.
name: Bilsland, Alan
name: Rickelt, Steffen
name: Morris, Joanna S.
name: Stein, Torsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 12: Figure S9. Kaplan–Meier analyses generated using the GOBO online tool for each single gene of the shortened 18-gene signature (DMFS) in the total breast cancer dataset (showing non-adjusted p-values). Cut-offs of median expression for each gene were automatically chosen by GOBO for best separation into two survival groups.
Production of doubly charged scalars from the decay of a heavy SM-like Higgs boson in the Higgs Triplet Model
Creators: name: Akeroyd, A. G.
name: Moretti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Higgs Triplet Model (HTM) of neutrino mass generation predicts the existence of doubly charged Higgs bosons (H^{\pm\pm}). In the HTM a scalar eigenstate (H_2) is dominantly composed of the scalar field from the isospin doublet, and could be significantly heavier than H^{\pm\pm}. Such a scenario would allow the possibility of a large branching ratio for the decay H_2-> H^{++}H^{--}. From the production mechanism of gluon-gluon fusion, gg-> H_2, the above decay mode would give rise to pair production of doubly charged Higgs bosons (H^{++}H^{--}) with a cross section which could be significantly larger than the cross sections for the standard production mechanisms qqbar -> γ,Z-> H^{++}H^{--} and q'qbar -> W -> H^{\pm\pm}H^{\mp}. We discuss the phenomenological consequences for the ongoing searches for H^{\pm\pm} at the Tevatron and at the LHC.
description: 21 pages, 30 figures; in v2 all figures modified slightly to account for plotting error, discussion of impact of recent Higgs searches added, to appear in Physical Review D
Electromagnetic mass splittings of the low lying hadrons and quark masses from 2+1 flavor lattice QCD+QED
Creators: name: Blum, T.
name: Doi, T.
name: Hayakawa, M.
name: Izubuchi, T.
name: Uno, S.
name: Yamada, N.
name: Zhou, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results are presented for the electromagnetic mass splittings of the low lying hadrons. These are used to determine the non-degenerate light quark masses. It is found that m_u=2.24(10)(34), m_d=4.65(15)(32), and $m_s=97.6(2.9)(5.5)$ MeV (MSbar scheme, 2 GeV scale). The first error is statistical and the second systematic. We find the lowest order electromagnetic splitting (m_pi+-m_pi0)_QED=3.38(23) MeV, the splittings including next-to-leading order, (m_pi+-m_pi0)_QED=4.50(23) MeV, (m_K+-m_K0)_QED=1.87(10) MeV, and the m_u != m_d contribution to the kaon mass difference, (m_K+-m_K0)_(m_u-m_d)=-5.840(96) MeV. All errors are statistical only, and the next-to-leading order pion splitting is only approximate; it does not contain all next-to-leading order contributions. We also computed the proton-neutron mass difference, including for the first time, QED interactions in a realistic 2+1 flavor calculation. We find $(m_p-m_n)_{\rm QED}=0.383(68)$ MeV, (m_p-m_n)_(m_u-m_d)=-2.51(14) MeV, and the total m_p-m_n=-2.13(16)(70) MeV, where the first error is statistical, and the second, part of the systematic error. We use domain wall fermions and the Iwasaki gauge action (gauge coupling beta=2.13). We use two lattice sizes, 16^3 and 24^3, to address finite volume effects. Non-compact QED is treated in the quenched approximation. We present new results for the electromagnetic low energy constants in SU(3) and SU(2) partially-quenched chiral perturbation theory to the next-to-leading order, obtained from fits to our data. Detailed analysis of systematic errors in our results and methods for improving them are discussed. Finally, new analytic results for SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R-plus-kaon chiral perturbation theory, including the one-loop logs proportional to alpha_em*m, are given.
description: Significant additions: finite volume analysis of kaon mass (Sec. II and the Appendix) which is used to obtain new central values, extended discussion of the breaking of Dashen's theorem (VII), additional phenomenological results (VII), and a new section (VIII) on isospin breaking effects on the kaon decay constant. No conclusions or results from the first version changed significantly
The Simple Ree groups ${}^2F_4(q^2)$ are determined by the set of their character degrees
Creators: name: Tong-Viet, H. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C20, 20D05

description: Let $G$ be a finite group. Let ${\rm{cd}}(G)$ be the set of all complex irreducible character degrees of $G.$ In this paper, we will show that if ${\rm{cd}}(G)={\rm{cd}}(H),$ where $H$ is the simple Ree group ${}^2F_4(q^2),q^2\geq 8,$ then $G\cong H\times A,$ where $A$ is an abelian group. This verifies Huppert's Conjecture for the simple Ree groups ${}^2F_4(q^2)$ when $q^2\geq 8.$
description: 14 pages, to appear in Journal of Algebra
Additional file 11 of Evaluating and strengthening the health system of Curaҫao to improve its performance for future outbreaks of vector-borne diseases
Creators: name: Mulderij-Jansen, Vaitiare
name: Gerstenbluth, Izzy
name: Duits, Ashley
name: Tami, Adriana
name: Bailey, Ajay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 11: Table S5. The workforce during the epidemics compared with the required workforce to perform prevention and control strategies with regards to VBDs
Statistical methods for big tracking data
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Recent advances in technology have led to large sets of tracking data, which brings new challenges in statistical modeling and prediction. Built on recent developments in Gaussian process modeling for spatio--temporal data and stochastic differential equations (SDEs), we develop a sequence of new models and corresponding inferential methods to meet these challenges. We first propose Bayesian Melding (BM) and downscaling frameworks to combine observations from different sources. To use BM for big tracking data, we exploit the properties of the processes along with approximations to the likelihood to break a high dimensional problem into a series of lower dimensional problems. To implement the downscaling approach, we apply the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) to fit a linear mixed effect model that connects the two sources of observations. We apply these two approaches in a case study involving the tracking of marine mammals. Both of our frameworks have superior predictive performance compared with traditional approaches in both cross--validation and simulation studies. We further develop the BM frameworks with stochastic processes that can reflect the time varying features of the tracks. We first develop a conditional heterogeneous Gaussian Process (CHGP) but certain properties of this process make it extremely difficult to perform model selection. We also propose a linear SDE with splines as its coefficients, which we refer to as a generalized Ornstein-Ulhenbeck (GOU) process. The GOU achieves flexible modeling of the tracks in both mean and covariance with a reasonably parsimonious parameterization. Inference and prediction for this process can be computed via the Kalman filter and smoother. BM with the GOU achieves a smaller prediction error and better credibility intervals in cross validation comparisons to the basic BM and downscaling models. Following the success with the GOU, we further study a special class of SDEs called the potential field (PF) models, which formulates the drift term as the gradient of another function. We apply the PF approach to modeling of tracks of marine mammals as well as basketball players, and demonstrate its potential in learning, visualizing, and interpreting the trends in the paths.
Understanding Markets with Socially Responsible Consumers: Empirical Evidence
Creators: name: Kaufmann, Marc
name: Kőszegi, Botond
name: Andre, Peter
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Many consumers care about climate change and other externalities associated with their purchases. We theoretically analyze the market behavior of such "socially responsible consumers," derive properties of the resulting competitive equilibria, and assess the effectiveness of different policies. In violation of price taking, a vanishingly small consumer influences the market equilibrium to a non-vanishing extent. That impact dampens agents' direct effect on the externality and can undermine responsible behavior on markets. We refer to this as the dampening effect.

The theoretical analysis depends on consumers' understanding of the dampening effect and the nature of their social concerns. While our benchmark framework assumes that consumers are rational (they understand the dampening effect) and consequentialist (they care about how their consumption affects the externality), at least two other specifications of consumer behavior seem plausible. First, a person may not believe in dampening. Second, she may have deontological or warm-glow preferences in that she cares about what she does rather than its consequences.

Which specification best describes consumers is an empirical question. Hence, we explore both matters empirically. In a large survey of US consumers, we plan to measure dampening beliefs by asking consumers how they think a change in their own consumption would affect aggregate consumption. We measure the nature of social concerns by comparing consumers' values for a given mitigation action when it is versus is not effective in reducing the total level of the externality.
Hot-Dust-Poor Type 1 Active Galactic Nuclei in the COSMOS Survey
Creators: name: Hao, Heng
name: Elvis, Martin
name: Civano, Francesca
name: Lanzuisi, Giorgio
name: Brusa, Marcella
name: Lusso, Elisabeta
name: Zamorani, Gianni
name: Comastri, Andrea
name: Bongiorno, Angela
name: Impey, Chris D.
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Floc'h, Emeric Le
name: Salvato, Mara
name: Sanders, David
name: Trump, Jonathan R.
name: Vignali, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a sizable class of type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with unusually weak near-infrared (1-3μm) emission in the XMM-COSMOS type 1 AGN sample. The fraction of these "hot-dust-poor" AGNs increases with redshift from 6% at lowredshift (z < 2) to 20% at moderate high redshift (2 < z < 3.5). There is no clear trend of the fraction with other parameters: bolometric luminosity, Eddington ratio, black hole mass, and X-ray luminosity. The 3μm emission relative to the 1μm emission is a factor of 2-4 smaller than the typical Elvis et al. AGN spectral energy distribution (SED), which indicates a "torus" covering factor of 2%-29%, a factor of 3-40 smaller than required by unified models. The weak hot dust emission seems to expose an extension of the accretion disk continuum in some of the source SEDs. We estimate the outer edge of their accretion disks to lie at $(0.3-2.0) /times 10^4$ Schwarzschild radii, ~10-23 times the gravitational stability radii. Formation scenarios for these sources are discussed.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; ApJ, 724, L59
BY-COVID D1.1 Extended workflows
Creators: name: Cochrane, Guy
name: Amid, Clara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: BY-COVID
SARS-CoV-2
European Nucleotide Archive
COVID-19 Data Platform
Workflows
Data Hubs
ENA Pathogen Analysis System

description: This deliverable is titled ‘Extended Workflows’, which is detailing the first wave of extensions and developments for viral data processing and computational workflows for operation in the SARS-CoV-2 Data Hubs. Described in greater detail below, the SARS-CoV-2 Data Hubs are a workspace, or toolbox, enabling users to share their sequence data, utilising analysis workflows to process, and then visualisation tools to ingest and visualise data for downstream interpretation. The private version of the data hubs enable for private, pre-publication data sharing amongst a group of collaborators. To enable for analysis of sequence data via integrated workflows, EMBL-EBI, and specifically the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA), has developed and maintains a set of tools, software and utilises infrastructure. Collectively, this is known as the ENA Pathogen Analysis System, which is described in further detail below. The system presents a hybrid-cloud processing system including a Google BigQuery Database, Looker DataStudio, Nextflow, Docker, LSF cluster, Slurm cluster and Google Cloud Life Sciences API. This is setup with support of BY-COVID and has been in-place to analyse data within use-cases from other projects, such as VEO. Use-cases include public SARS-CoV-2 raw read dataset analysis within the COVID-19 Data Platform, but also extends into private data hub analysis and is in place for future workflows to be integrated into the system, following analysis and feasibility testing of those workflows. The first adaptation to the system has taken place in response to the outbreak of Monkeypox virus (Mpox or MPXV). This provides a solid foundation and infrastructure for future developments as part of the Pathogens Platform. Overall, this deliverable describes the efforts undertaken to analyse an unprecedented amount of data from an infrastructure view, detailing some of the challenges we overcame to achieve this. Furthermore, the deliverable describes the ENA Pathogen Analysis System.
Holographic striped phases
Creators: name: Donos, Aristomenis
name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss new types of instabilities of D=4 electrically charged AdS-Reissner-Nordström black branes that involve neutral pseudo-scalars. The instabilities spontaneously break translational invariance and are associated with the dual three-dimensional CFTs, at finite temperature and fixed chemical potential with respect to a global abelian symmetry, acquiring striped phases. We show that such instabilities are present for the infinite class of skew-whiffed $AdS_4\times SE_7$ solutions of D=11 supergravity, albeit at a lower temperature than the known superfluid instabilities.
description: 20 pages, very minor changes, version published in JHEP
Deep Correlation Between Cosmic-Ray Anomaly and Neutrino Masses
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Shigeki
name: Yoshioka, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The positron anomaly recently reported by the cosmic-ray measurements suggests that, if explained by the decay of dark matter particle, the decay source is closely linked up with the leptonic sector of the standard model. It is observed that, with a simple dimensional analysis, the lifetime of dark matter for the anomaly is expressed by the energy scale of neutrino masses. We present two scenarios in which these two matter at issue (the dark matter width and the tiny neutrino masses) stem from a single operator involving a gauge-singlet scalar field.
description: 12 pages
A Catalogue of Databases
Creators: name: Johannes Englisch
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: linguistics
language documentation
databases

description: A Catalogue of Databases

Johannes Englisch

Presented 7 October 2022 at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities at the Conference Where Do We Need to Go From Here? - Language Documentation and Archiving,  in the UNESCO International Decade of Indigenous Languages
Effects of disorder on the transmission of nodal fermions through a d-wave superconductor
Creators: name: Asboth, J. K.
name: Akhmerov, A. R.
name: Medvedyeva, M. V.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulk microwave conductivity of a dirty d-wave superconductor is known to depend sensitively on the range of the disorder potential: long-range scattering enhances the conductivity, while short- range scattering has no effect. Here we show that the three-terminal electrical conductance of a normal-metal-d-wave superconductor-normal-metal junction has a dual behavior: short-range scattering suppresses the conductance, while long-range scattering has no effect.
description: 5 pages
Development of mechanistic tools for understanding organic reactions: from manual to automated sampling
Creators: name: Yu, Diana
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Kinetic studies were conducted on three unrelated reaction types using traditional and modified reaction monitoring tools. The Aza-Piancatelli rearrangement was studied through ReactIR and HPLC-MS to obtain a better understanding of why the substrate scope was limited. It was found that the Lewis acid catalyzed reaction is often zero-order, dependent on the lanthanide metal used. Off-cycle binding of the nucleophile to the Lewis acid was proposed to help explain the zero-order profile. Differences between Lewis and Brønsted acid catalysts were found through subsequent experiments assessing catalyst deactivation and the chemoselectivity of the products in the Aza-Piancatelli rearrangement. An automated sampling system was created for hands-free reaction monitoring and offline analysis by HPLC-MS to provide detailed information about more complicated reactions. The automated sampling system was modified for the study of microwave assisted reactions. This application allowed for more information to be derived from the field of poorly-understood microwave chemistry than allowed by previous technology. Comparisons were made between microwave-assisted and conventionally heated reactions, using a Claisen rearrangement as a model reaction. As expected, it was found that the Claisen rearrangement of allylphenyl ethers displayed similar kinetics between the two heating modes. The technology was also used briefly to search for the existence of non-thermal effects. It was shown that the sampling apparatus could be useful for collecting data observed from microwave-specific effects. Mechanistic studies were also conducted on the Kinugasa reaction to obtain a better understanding of why the reaction generally behaves poorly in regards to the formation of β-lactam product. To study the reaction, samples for HPLC-MS analysis were taken manually, then by a liquid handler, and then through direct-injection to the HPLC. It was found that its side-product formation was directly coupled to the desired product formation, suggesting that both the product and imine side-product stem from a common intermediate. Another little-known side-product was isolated, suggesting the common intermediate could be intercepted by select nucleophiles to form an amide. This finding will direct future attempts to find conditions to favor either β-lactam or amide formation.
F-theory and the Witten Index
Creators: name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We connect the fermionic fields, localized on the intersection curve $Σ$ of two D7-branes with zero background flux, to a N=2 supersymmetric quantum mechanics algebra, within the theoretical framework of F-theory.
Sensitivity of the H3O+ inversion-rotational spectrum to changes in m_e/m_p
Creators: name: Kozlov, M. G.
name: Levshakov, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanical tunneling inversion transition in ammonia NH3 is actively used as a sensitive tool to study possible variations of the electron-to-proton mass ratio, mu = m_e/m_p. The molecule H3O+ has the inversion barrier significantly lower than that of NH3. Consequently, its tunneling transition occurs in the far-infrared (FIR) region and mixes with rotational transitions. Several such FIR and submillimiter transitions are observed from the interstellar medium in the Milky Way and in nearby galaxies. We show that the rest-frame frequencies of these transitions are very sensitive to the variation of mu, and that their sensitivity coefficients have different signs. Thus, H3O+ can be used as an independent target to test hypothetical changes in mu measured at different ambient conditions of high (terrestrial) and low (interstellar medium) matter densities. The environmental dependence of mu and coupling constants is suggested in a class of chameleon-type scalar field models - candidates to dark energy carrier.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, accepted to ApJ; v2: reformatted for ApJ and discussion of systematics significantly extended
On the variances of a spatial unit root model
Creators: name: Baran, Sándor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The asymptotic properties of the variances of the spatial autoregressive model $X_{k,\ell}=αX_{k-1,\ell}+βX_{k,\ell-1}+γX_{k-1,\ell-1}+ε_{k,\ell}$ are investigated in the unit root case, that is when the parameters are on the boundary of domain of stability that forms a tetrahedron in $[-1,1]^3$. The limit of the variance of $n^{-\varrho}X_{[ns],[nt]}$ is determined, where on the interior of the faces of the domain of stability $\varrho=1/4$, on the edges $\varrho =1/2$, while on the vertices $\varrho =1$.
Duality Invariance: From M-theory to Double Field Theory
Creators: name: Thompson, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the duality invariant approach to M-theory formulated by Berman and Perry relates to the double field theory proposed by Hull and Zwiebach. In doing so we provide suggestions as to how Ramond fields can be incorporated into the double field theory. We find that the standard dimensional reduction procedure has a duality invariant (doubled) analogue in which the gauge fields of the doubled Kaluza-Klein ansatz encode the Ramond potentials. We identify the internal gauge index of these gauge fields with a spinorial index of O(d,d).
description: 26 pages; v2: references added, some modifications to commentary in the introduction, note added. Version to be published in JHEP
Multidimensional integrable systems and deformations
Creators: name: Gormley, Ben
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other mathematical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Integrable systems are dynamical systems which can in some sense be ‘solved explicitly’. The classification and deformations of 1 + 1 dimensional systems has been studied by B. Dubrovin, his collaborators and many others extensively. The study of 2 + 1 dimensional systems is ongoing and this thesis provides classification results in 2 + 1 dimensional systems based on the novel approach by the Loughborough group (E. Ferapontov, K. Khusnutdinova, V. Novikov). This involves firstly applying the method of hydrodynamic reductions to the dispersionless part of the systems and secondly reconstructing integrable dispersive systems by deforming the corresponding hydrodynamic reductions.
Cold and ultracold NH--NH collisions: The field-free case
Creators: name: Janssen, Liesbeth M. C.
name: Żuchowski, Piotr. S.
name: van der Avoird, Ad
name: Hutson, Jeremy M.
name: Groenenboom, Gerrit C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present elastic and inelastic spin-changing cross sections for cold and ultracold NH($X\,^3Σ^-$) + NH($X\,^3Σ^-$) collisions, obtained from full quantum scattering calculations on an accurate \textit{ab initio} quintet potential-energy surface. Although we consider only collisions in zero field, we focus on the cross sections relevant for magnetic trapping experiments. It is shown that evaporative cooling of both fermionic $^{14}$NH and bosonic $^{15}$NH is likely to be successful for hyperfine states that allow for s-wave collisions. The calculated cross sections are very sensitive to the details of the interaction potential, due to the presence of (quasi-)bound state resonances. The remaining inaccuracy of the \textit{ab initio} potential-energy surface therefore gives rise to an uncertainty in the numerical cross-section values. However, based on a sampling of the uncertainty range of the \textit{ab initio} calculations, we conclude that the exact potential is likely to be such that the elastic-to-inelastic cross-section ratio is sufficiently large to achieve efficient evaporative cooling. This likelihood is only weakly dependent on the size of the channel basis set used in the scattering calculations.
A tale of two populations: the stellar mass of central and satellite galaxies
Creators: name: Neistein, Eyal
name: Li, Cheng
name: Khochfar, Sadegh
name: Weinmann, Simone M.
name: Shankar, Francesco
name: Boylan-Kolchin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new empirical methodology to study the relation between the stellar mass of galaxies and the mass of their host subhaloes. Our approach is similar to abundance matching, and is based on assigning a stellar mass to each subhalo within a large cosmological N-body simulation. However, we significantly extend the method to include a different treatment for central and satellite galaxies, allowing the stellar mass of satellite galaxies to depend on both the host subhalo mass, and on the halo mass. Unlike in previous studies, our models are constrained by two observations: the stellar mass function of galaxies, and their auto-correlation functions (CFs). We present results for ~10^6 different successful models, showing that the uncertainty in the host subhalo mass reaches a factor of ~10 for a given stellar mass. Our results thus indicate that the host subhalo mass of central and satellite galaxies is poorly constrained by using information coming solely from the abundance and CFs of galaxies. In addition, we demonstrate that the fraction of stellar mass relative to the universal baryon fraction can vary between different models, and can reach ~0.6 for a specific population of low mass galaxies. We conclude that additional observational constraints are needed, in order to better constrain the mass relation between haloes and galaxies. These might include weak lensing, satellite kinematics, or measures of clustering other than the CFs. Moreover, CFs based on larger surveys with a better estimate of the systematic uncertainties are needed.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Minor corrections made in some of the example models, text improved
Higgs phenomenology in the minimal $B-L$ extension of the Standard Model at LHC
Creators: name: Basso, L.
name: Belyaev, A.
name: Moretti, S.
name: Pruna, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present some phenomenology of the Higgs sector of the Minimal $B-L$ U(1) Extension of the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider. In this model, the existence of an extra gauge boson ($Z'$) and an extra scalar (heavy Higgs) are predicted as naturally related with the breaking of the $B-L$ (baryon minus lepton number) symmetry. For this, we have started by deriving the unitarity bounds in the high energy limit for the Minimal $B-L$ Model parameter space. This was accomplished by analysing the full class of Higgs and would-be Goldstone boson two-to-two scatterings at tree level (exploiting the Equivalence Theorem). Hence, we studied some peculiar signature that could be observed at the CERN machine in the search of both light and heavy Higgs bosons.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, PASCOS2010 International Symposium proceeding
Information-theory-based solution of the inverse problem in classical statistical mechanics
Creators: name: D'Alessandro, Marco
name: Cilloco, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a procedure for the determination of the interaction potential from the knowledge of the radial pair distribution function. The method, realized inside an inverse Monte Carlo simulation scheme, is based on the application of the Maximum Entropy Principle of information theory and the interaction potential emerges as the asymptotic expression of the transition probability. Results obtained for high density monoatomic fluids are very satisfactory and provide an accurate extraction of the potential, despite a modest computational effort.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Negative velocity fluctuations of pulled reaction fronts
Creators: name: Meerson, Baruch
name: Sasorov, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The position of a reaction front, propagating into an unstable state, fluctuates because of the shot noise. What is the probability that the fluctuating front moves considerably slower than its deterministic counterpart? Can the noise arrest the front motion for some time, or even make it move in the wrong direction? We present a WKB theory that assumes many particles in the front region and answers these questions for the microscopic model A->2A, 2A->A and random walk.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, revised version
Navigating Organizational Change: Managing the Modern Workplace and Embracing Sustainability
Creators: name: Hüttemann, Dominik
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Organizational change
subject: Telework
subject: Boundary management
subject: Remote leadership
subject: (extended) Full-range leadership model
subject: VUCA environments
subject: Sustainable consumer behavior
subject: Attitude-behavior gap
subject: Asymmetric information
subject: Education for sustainability
subject: Management curricula
subject: Affective learning
subject: 330 - Wirtschaft

description: The four research objects included in this dissertation offer novel insights for organizations seeking to navigate organizational change by effectively managing the modern workplace and embracing sustainability. After the introductory Chapter 1, Chapter 2 sheds light on the individual strategies teleworkers implement to organize their remote work processes. By focusing on teleworkers’ remote job performance as the key outcome and teleworkers’ individual boundary management preferences and telework experiences as additional moderators, this chapter provides fine-grained insights to enhance the effectiveness of this rapidly expanding way of working. Chapter 3 presents novel insights into the effectiveness of established (transformational-transactional leadership) and aspiring (instrumental leadership) leadership behaviors in remote work contexts that have received little attention before. By considering the moderating role of volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environments, this chapter delivers practical insights for organizations to effectively manage their remote workforce in emerging virtual and rapidly changing organizational contexts. Shifting the focus to sustainability, Chapter 4 synthesizes the literature on sustainable consumption behavior, integrating insights from economics and psychology. By uncovering the economic and behavioral biases that prevent consumers from making sustainable consumption decisions, this chapter proposes actionable policies for organizations to steer consumers toward more sustainable consumption paths. Finally, Chapter 5 examines the effectiveness of an Education for Sustainability (EfS) intervention among management Master’s students, addressing the “triple bottom line” of ecological, social, and economic sustainability. The presented EfS intervention serves as a tangible blueprint for both educators and practitioners to cultivate sustainable behavior in the next generation of future leaders, facilitating the internal top-down process of organizations necessary to embrace sustainability. Rooted in real-world contexts, this dissertation endeavors to bridge the growing divide between academia and practice by providing actionable and evidence-based management principles that effectively navigate the complexities of the modern business landscape.
Strong Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement from a single squeezed light source
Creators: name: Eberle, Tobias
name: Händchen, Vitus
name: Duhme, Jörg
name: Franz, Torsten
name: Werner, Reinhard F.
name: Schnabel, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entanglement is a criterion that is more demanding than just certifying entanglement. We theoretically and experimentally analyze the low resource generation of bi-partite continuous variable entanglement, as realized by mixing a squeezed mode with a vacuum mode at a balanced beam splitter, i.e. the generation of so-called vacuum-class entanglement. We find that in order to observe EPR entanglement the total optical loss must be smaller than 33.3 %. However, arbitrary strong EPR entanglement is generally possible with this scheme. We realize continuous wave squeezed light at 1550 nm with up to 9.9 dB of non-classical noise reduction, which is the highest value at a telecom wavelength so far. Using two phase controlled balanced homodyne detectors we observe an EPR co-variance product of 0.502 \pm 0.006 < 1, where 1 is the critical value. We discuss the feasibility of strong Gaussian entanglement and its application for quantum key distribution in a short-distance fiber network.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Black hole phase transitions via Bragg-Williams
Creators: name: Banerjee, Souvik
name: Chakrabarti, Sayan K.
name: Mukherji, Sudipta
name: Panda, Binata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that a convenient way to analyze instabilities of black holes in AdS space is via Bragg-Williams construction of a free energy function. Starting with a pedagogical review of this construction in condensed matter systems and also its implementation to Hawking-Page transition, we study instabilities associated with hairy black holes and also with the $R$-charged black holes. For the hairy black holes, an analysis of thermal quench is presented.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, a discussion on thermal quench and a new figure have been added, typos corrected