cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermoelectric effects in superconducting proximity structures
Creators: name: Virtanen, Pauli
name: Heikkilä, Tero T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Attaching a superconductor in good contact with a normal metal makes rise to a proximity effect where the superconducting correlations leak into the normal metal. An additional contact close to the first one makes it possible to carry a supercurrent through the metal. Forcing this supercurrent flow along with an additional quasiparticle current from one or many normal-metal reservoirs makes rise to many interesting effects. The supercurrent can be used to tune the local energy distribution function of the electrons. This mechanism also leads to finite thermoelectric effects even in the presence of electron-hole symmetry. Here we review these effects and discuss to which extent the existing observations of thermoelectric effects in metallic samples can be explained through the use of the dirty-limit quasiclassical theory.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures. 374th WE-Heraus seminar: Spin physics of superconducting heterostructures, Bad Honnef, 2006
Catalogues of voids as antihalos in the local Universe
Creators: name: Desmond, Harry
name: Hutt, Maxwell L.
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Slyz, Adrianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently-proposed algorithm identifies voids in simulations as the regions associated with halos when the initial overdensity field is negated. We apply this method to the real Universe by running a suite of constrained simulations of the 2M++ volume with initial conditions inferred by the BORG algorithm, along with the corresponding inverted set. Our 101 inverted and uninverted simulations, spanning the BORG posterior, each identify ~150,000 "voids as antihalos" with mass exceeding $4.38\times10^{11} \: \mathrm{M_\odot}$ (100 particles) at $z=0$ in a full-sky sphere of radius 155 Mpc/h around the Milky Way. We calculate the size function, volume filling fraction, ellipticity, central density, specific angular momentum, clustering and stacked density profile of the voids, and cross-correlate them with those produced by VIDE on the same simulations. We make our antihalo and VIDE catalogues publicly available.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures; minor revision, matches MNRASL accepted version
Siphonosoma Linnaeus
Creators: name: Hsueh, Pan-Wen
name: Kuo, Chia-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Sipuncula
Sipunculidea
Sipunculiformes
Sipunculidae
Siphonosoma

description: Genus Siphonosoma Linnaeus
 Remarks. The genus Siphonosoma differs from the genera Sipunculus and Xenosiphon Fisher, by the presence of anastomosing circular and longitudinal muscles (Cutler 1994: 26, fig. 3) and from Siphonomecus Fisher, by having four introvert retractor muscles (RMs), respectively. The present study reports two new records, Siphonosoma funafuti (Shipley) and S. vastum (Selenka & Bülow) from Taiwan.
description: Published as part of Hsueh, Pan-Wen & Kuo, Chia-Ming, 2009, New records of sipunculan worms from Taiwan, pp. 51-61 in Zootaxa 2067 on page 55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.187023
UV-excited $SnO_{2}$ nanowire based electronic nose
Creators: name: Adib, Mustahsin
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2021
Subjects: eNose
SnO2
Nanowire
UV KAMINA
UV Chem FET

description: Unsere Atemluft ist täglichen Schwankungen ausgesetzt und die Marktnachfrage nach Sensoren, die die Luftqualität messen können, steigt rapide an. Ein großer Teil dieser Nachfrage kann mit Metall-Oxid Gas Sensoren bedient werden. Diese Art von Gassensoren hat jedoch einige Nachteile im Bezug auf Genauigkeit, Langzeitstabilität, Leistungsaufnahme und Selektivität. Auch fehlen großvolumige Anwendungsbeispiele auf dem Markt, die Metall-Oxid (MOX) Gassensoren einsetzen und dabei alle Systemanforderungen erfüllen. Diese Arbeit stellt die neueste Entwicklung der "KArlsruhe MIkro NAse", einer im Rahmen der EU Horizon 2020 Initiative namens SMOKESENSE entwickelten elektrischen Nase, vor und vergleicht diese mit dem aktuellen Stand der Technik für Metalloxid-Gassensoren. Es wird gezeigt, dass durch UV-Anregung der $SnO_{2}$-Nanodrähte ein geringerer Stromverbrauch sowie eine minimierte Siloxan-Kontaminierung im Vergleich zu klassischen MOX-Sensoren erzielt wird. Zudem lässt sich mittels Aerosol-Jet-Druck eine vereinfachte und kostengünstigere Herstellung der Sensoren realisieren. Um die Massenproduktionstauglichkeit für eine Anwendung als intelligenter Feuersensor sicherzustellen, wird der Wachstumsprozess der Nanodrähte optimiert. Außerdem wird ein neuartiges chemisches FET-ähnliches Sensorkonzept namens Chem-FET vorgestellt, das im Vergleich zu UV-KAMINA ein verbessertes Signal-Rausch-Verhältnis und eine schnellere Reaktionszeit bietet. Eine überwachte Lernmethode des Maschinellen Lernens basierend auf einer linearen Diskriminanzfunktion wird verwendet, um verschiedene Zielgerüche zu klassifizieren. In einer Anwendung als Feuersensor erwiesen sich die entwickelten Sensorprototypen als konkurrenzfähig. Zusätzlich werden Möglichkeiten aufgezeigt, das Sensorprinzip als Plattform für andere Anwendungsarten verwenden zu können. Während mit den vorgestellten Methoden die Leistung des Gesamtsystems optimiert werden konne, bleibt als Ausblick Verbesserungsbedarf in Bereichen, wie z. B. der Charakterisierung von Gerüchen und der Testmethodik für die Anwendung in hohen Stückzahlen.
Ultralight dark matter or dark radiation cosmologically produced from infrared dressing
Creators: name: Boyanovsky, Daniel
name: Rai, Mudit
name: Chen, Lisong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infrared dressing of bosonic or fermionic heavy particles by a cloud of massless particles to which they couple is studied as a possible production mechanism of ultra light dark matter or dark radiation in a radiation dominated cosmology. We implement an adiabatic expansion valid for wavelengths much smaller than the Hubble radius combined with a non-perturbative and manifestly unitary dynamical resummation method to study the time evolution of an initial single heavy particle state. We find a striking resemblance to the process of particle decay: the initial amplitude of the single particle decays in time, not exponentially but with a power law with anomalous dimension $\propto t^{-Δ/2}$ featuring a crossover to $t^{-Δ}$ as the heavy particle becomes non-relativistic in both bosonic and fermionic cases suggesting certain universality. At long time the asymptotic state is an entangled state of the heavy and massless particles. The entanglement entropy is shown to grow under time evolution describing the flow of information from the initial single particle to the final multiparticle state. The expectation value of the energy momentum tensor in the asymptotic state is described by two indpendent fluids each obeying covariant conservation, one of heavy particles and the other of relativistic (massless) particles (dark radiation). Both fluids share the same frozen distribution function and entropy as a consequence of entanglement.
description: more comments, published version
On the Klein-Gordon equation and hyperbolic pseudoanalytic function theory
Creators: name: Kravchenko, Vladislav
name: Rochon, Dominic
name: Tremblay, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 30G20, 30G35, 35L10, 35Q40

description: Elliptic pseudoanalytic function theory was considered independently by Bers and Vekua decades ago. In this paper we develop a hyperbolic analogue of pseudoanalytic function theory using the algebra of hyperbolic numbers. We consider the Klein-Gordon equation with a potential. With the aid of one particular solution we factorize the Klein-Gordon operator in terms of two Vekua-type operators. We show that real parts of the solutions of one of these Vekua-type operators are solutions of the considered Klein-Gordon equation. Using hyperbolic pseudoanalytic function theory, we then obtain explicit construction of infinite systems of solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation with potential. Finally, we give some examples of application of the proposed procedure.
Heavy-Tailed NGG Mixture Models
Creators: name: Ramirez, Vianey Palacios
name: de Carvalho, Miguel
name: Inostroza, Luis Gutierrez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Heavy tails are often found in practice, and yet they are an Achilles heel of a variety of mainstream random probability measures such as the Dirichlet process (DP). The first contribution of this paper focuses on characterizing the tails of the so-called normalized generalized gamma (NGG) process. We show that the right tail of an NGG process is heavy-tailed provided that the centering distribution is itself heavy-tailed; the DP is the only member of the NGG class that fails to obey this convenient property. A second contribution of the paper rests on the development of two classes of heavy-tailed mixture models and the assessment of their relative merits. Multivariate extensions of the proposed heavy-tailed mixtures are devised here, along with a predictor-dependent version, to learn about the effect of covariates on a multivariate heavy-tailed response. The simulation study suggests that the proposed method performs well in various scenarios, and we showcase the application of the proposed methods in a neuroscience dataset.
description: 24 pages
Tunneling into fuzzball states
Creators: name: Mathur, Samir D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String theory suggests that black hole microstates are quantum, horizon sized `fuzzballs', rather than smooth geometries with horizon. Radiation from fuzzballs can carry information and does not lead to information loss. But if we let a shell of matter collapse then it creates a horizon, and it seems that subsequent radiation will lead to information loss. We argue that the resolution to this problem is that the shell can tunnel to the fuzzball configurations. The amplitude for tunneling is small because we are relating two macroscopically different configurations, but the number of states that we can tunnel to, given through the Bekenstein entropy, is very large. These small and large numbers can cancel each other, making it possible for the shell to tunnel into fuzzball states before a significant amount of radiation has been emitted. This offers a way to resolve the information paradox.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, Latex
Vestinautilus kesslerae Korn & Klug 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Korn, Dieter
name: Klug, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Nautilida
Trigonoceratidae
Vestinautilus
Vestinautilus kesslerae

description: Vestinautilus kesslerae sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 73A42507-23FD-4390-9DEE-8FC07C72A7BC
Fig. 9; Table 3
Diagnosis
Species of Vestinautilus with thickly pachyconic, subevolute conch (ww/dm ~ 0.68; uw/dm ~0.38); whorl profile moderately depressed, oval (ww/wh ~1.75), venter broadly arched, ventrolateral shoulder subangular with three weak spiral ridges. Whorls not embracing, just touching the preceding one. Ornament with coarse growth-lines forming a moderately deep, broadly arched ventral sinus.
Etymology
Named after Birgit Kessler (Berlin), who found the holotype.
Material examined
Holotype MOROCCO • Anti-Atlas, South-east of Gara el Itima, 31.5 km east-northeast of Taouz; Zrigat Formation; Kessler 2007 Coll.; illustrated in Fig. 9; MB.C.31287.
Description
Holotype MB.C.31287 is an entirely chambered steinkern specimen with 41 mm phragmocone diameter; it comprises one and a quarter whorl (Fig. 9). At the largest diameter of the specimen, the conch shape is thinly pachyconic and subevolute (ww/dm ~ 0.68; uw/dm ~0.38). The whorl profile is depressed (ww/ wh ~1.74) and has the shape of a symmetric oval. The coiling rate is very high (WER ~2.72) and the last whorl just touches the preceding one. The umbilical window has a diameter of 11.5 mm.
The initial chamber is bluntly cone-shaped with a length of 0.6 mm, a height of 2.0 mm and a width of about 4 mm. Very early in ontogeny, the whorl profile becomes depressed and already immediately after the protoconch, an angular ventrolateral shoulder is formed. This angular shoulder becomes more pronounced to form a spiral ridge, which is, at a conch diameter of 25 mm, accompanied by one less well-developed ridge on each side. The outer of these ridges fades out and is only barely visible at a conch diameter of 42 mm. Only some traces of the shell ornament are visible in the dorsal portion. They show coarse growth lines and three of them are arranged at a millimetre distance. They form a broadly arched ventral sinus.
The siphuncle has a subcentral position with a slight shift towards the venter. The suture line forms a wide and shallow external lobe, a very shallow and wide lateral lobe and a small, rounded internal lobe.
Remarks
Vestinautilus kesslerae sp. nov. has a somewhat marginal position in the morphological spectrum of the genus. It differs from the other species because of the combination of a number of conch and sculpture characters: the advolute conch shape even at a conch diameter of 40 mm, the comparatively weak development of only a few longitudinal ridges and the convex venter.
description: Published as part of Korn, Dieter & Klug, Christian, 2023, Early Carboniferous coiled nautiloids from the Anti-Atlas (Morocco), pp. 156-194 in European Journal of Taxonomy 885 on pages 168-169, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.885.2199, http://zenodo.org/record/8222417
Generation of fast electrons in a CO₂ laser plasma interaction
Creators: name: McIntosh, Grant W. J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Fast electrons have been observed in the +k∠ direction for a CO₂ laser plasma interaction. The threshold for fast electron production was found to be 10¹³ Wcm⁻². The number of electrons peaks and decreases for intensities greater than 6 10¹³ W cm⁻². Some possible theories are suggested for this behavior. When a Maxwellian fit to the electron energy distribution was used , a temperature of 121 keV was obtained. The threshold and temperature are consistent with generation by Stimulated Raman Scattering. The number of fast electrons is also shown to increase dramatically as the amount of plasma near .25 n[sub CR] is increased. A computer program was also developed for the interpretation of interferograms.
Hidden Markov model tracking of continuous gravitational waves from a neutron star with wandering spin. III. Rotational phase tracking
Creators: name: Melatos, A.
name: Clearwater, P.
name: Suvorova, S.
name: Sun, L.
name: Moran, W.
name: Evans, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hidden Markov model (HMM) solved recursively by the Viterbi algorithm can be configured to search for persistent, quasimonochromatic gravitational radiation from an isolated or accreting neutron star, whose rotational frequency is unknown and wanders stochastically. Here an existing HMM analysis pipeline is generalized to track rotational phase and frequency simultaneously, by modeling the intra-step rotational evolution according to a phase-wrapped Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, and by calculating the emission probability using a phase-sensitive version of the Bayesian matched filter known as the $\mathcal{B}$-statistic. The generalized algorithm tracks signals from isolated and binary sources with characteristic wave strain $h_0 \geq 1.3\times 10^{-26}$ in Gaussian noise with amplitude spectral density $4\times 10^{-24}\,{\rm Hz^{-1/2}}$, for a simulated observation composed of $N_T=37$ data segments, each $T_{\rm drift}=10\,{\rm days}$ long, the typical duration of a search for the low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) Sco X$-$1 with the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO). It is equally sensitive to isolated and binary sources and $\approx 1.5$ times more sensitive than the previous pipeline. Receiver operating characteristic curves and errors in the recovered parameters are presented for a range of practical $h_0$ and $N_T$ values. The generalized algorithm successfully detects every available synthetic signal in Stage I of the Sco X$-$1 Mock Data Challenge convened by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration, recovering the frequency and orbital semimajor axis with accuracies of better than $9.5\times 10^{-7}\,{\rm Hz}$ and $1.6\times 10^{-3}\,{\rm lt\,s}$ respectively. The Viterbi solver runs in $\approx 2\times 10^3$ CPU-hr for an isolated source and $\sim 10^5$ CPU-hr for a LMXB source in a typical, broadband ($0.5$-${\rm kHz}$) search.
description: 33 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
On the stable configuration of ultra-relativistic material spheres. The solution for the extremely hot gas
Creators: name: Neslusan, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the last stage of collapse of a compact object into the horizon of events, the potential energy of its surface layer decreases to a negative value below all limits. The energy-conservation law requires an appearance of a positive-valued energy to balance the decrease. We derive the internal-state properties of the ideal gas situated in an extremely strong, ultra-relativistic gravitational field and suggest to apply our result to a compact object with the radius which is slightly larger than or equal to the Schwarzschild's gravitational radius. On the surface of the object, we find that the extreme attractivity of the gravity is accompanied with an extremely high internal, heat energy. This internal energy implies a correspondingly high pressure, the gradient of which has such a behavior that it can compete with the gravity. In a more detail, we find the equation of state in the case when the magnitude of the potential-type energy of constituting gas particles is much larger than their rest energy. This equation appears to be identical with the general-relativity condition of the equilibrium between the gravity and pressure gradient. The consequences of the identity are discussed.
description: 12 pages (no figure, no table) Changes in 3-rd version: added an estimate of neutrino cooling and relative time-scale of the final stage of URMS collapse
title: Andean bears and people in Apolabamba, Bolivia : culture, conflict and conservation
Creators: name: Paisley, Susanna L
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: This thesis deals in qualitative and quantitative terms with the interaction between Andean bears and people in Apolobamba, Bolivia. This mountain range is an important stronghold for this species, which is little-studied and yet of considerable conservation concern. Apolobamba is also a stronghold for traditional beliefs and attitudes towards bears. In addition, this area afforded the opportunity to compare human-bear interaction between people living in and outside of a protected area. Key ecological findings include the first description of the activity patterns of the species - both bears having displayed diurnal activity with two peaks on either side of a midday trough. Movement patterns, also previously undescribed for this species, were characterised by highly overlapping moderately sized home ranges. Seasonal variation was documented in activity patterns and in habitat use according to changes in the availability of bear foods. In an omnivorous diet similar to what has been found in other studies, bromeliads were shown to be a staple food of markedly low nutritive value - highlighting the attraction of anthropogenic food sources such as maize and beef. Myths and rituals relating to bears were documented. The famous "Bear's Son" tale was far from being the only bear-related story in circulation, contrary to what had previously been supposed. Accompanying the wide range of depictions of bears in these stories, there was also documented a wide range of bear-related beliefs and attitudes. At one extreme, the beat was thought merely a pest animal, no good for anything, dangerous to people and its possible extinction considered good. At the other extreme, the bear was thought God-like, possessing seven human souls, with a high medicinal value to its body parts and its possible extinction considered tragic. Perceived depredation of crops and livestock was high, although this was not corroborated by investigations on the ground. Frustration about the restrictions of living inside the protected area focussed on the prohibition against killing problem animals. Despite the evident cultural salience of bears, most people in Apolobamba would be glad if there were no more in the future. However, tolerance was higher in certain valleys, amongst older people and those who did not keep livestock.
Siphonosoma funafuti Shipley
Creators: name: Hsueh, Pan-Wen
name: Kuo, Chia-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Sipuncula
Sipunculidea
Sipunculiformes
Sipunculidae
Siphonosoma
Siphonosoma funafuti

description: Siphonosoma funafuti (Shipley)
Fig. 2 B
 Siphonosoma funafuti Cutler, 1994: 53 (for complete synonymy).
 Material examined. One specimen (NMNS-5928-004), Kentin, Pingtung County, intertidal sand bottom, coll. H.-T. Hung, 20 April 1995; two specimens (NMNS-5928-005), Wunlitung (21°59.81' N, 120°42.3' E), Pingtung County, southern Taiwan, intertidal sand bottom, coll. H.-T. Hung, 1 June 1996; one specimen (NMNS-5928-006), Baoli River mouth (22°03.33' N, 120°42.08' E), Pingtung County, intertidal sand bottom, coll. H.-T. Hung, 27 Jul. 2005.
 Remarks. Specimens examined in the present study agree well with descriptions of the species, which has no contractile vessel (CV) villi, four introvert RMs, introvert without hooks or scalelike papillae, and 19 LMBs (Cutler 1994). The type locality of this species is Funafuti Island, Tuvalu in South Pacific but it has also been found in southern Japanese islands (Cutler 1994). Zhou et al. (2007) also reported this species from Xisha Islands in the South China Sea.
description: Published as part of Hsueh, Pan-Wen & Kuo, Chia-Ming, 2009, New records of sipunculan worms from Taiwan, pp. 51-61 in Zootaxa 2067 on page 55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.187023
Mathematical Methods and supplementary figures from Selection for biparental inheritance of mitochondria under hybridization and mitonuclear fitness interactions
Creators: name: Allison, Tom M.
name: Radzvilavicius, Arunas L.
name: Dowling, Damian K.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A complete mathematical description of the simulation and additional figures referenced in the main text
Siphonosoma vastum Selenka & Bulow
Creators: name: Hsueh, Pan-Wen
name: Kuo, Chia-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Sipuncula
Sipunculidea
Sipunculiformes
Sipunculidae
Siphonosoma
Siphonosoma vastum

description: Siphonosoma vastum (Selenka & Bülow)
Figs. 2 C, 3A
 Siphonosoma vastum Cutler, 1994: 47, 55, fig. 11 (for complete synonymy).
 Material examined. One specimen (NMNS-4099-008), Shiaoliuchiu (22°20.25' N, 120°21.48' E), Pingtung County, lower intertidal shell sand, coll. H.-T. Hung, 3 July 2003.
 Remarks. This species is easily separated from congeners by the presence of numerous caecae on the rectum (Cutler 1994: 47, fig. 11). Another peculiar feature is its long introvert with dark claw-shaped hooks in rings (Fig. 3A). It is known to widespread in Indo-West Pacific tropical and subtropical waters. The finding of this species in Taiwanese waters is not unexpected.
description: Published as part of Hsueh, Pan-Wen & Kuo, Chia-Ming, 2009, New records of sipunculan worms from Taiwan, pp. 51-61 in Zootaxa 2067 on page 55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.187023
Robust analytic continuation combining the advantages of the sparse modeling approach and Padé approximation
Creators: name: Motoyama, Yuichi
name: Yoshimi, Kazuyoshi
name: Otsuki, Junya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytic continuation (AC) from the imaginary-time Green's function to the spectral function is a crucial process for numerical studies of the dynamical properties of quantum many-body systems. This process, however, is an ill-posed problem; that is, the obtained spectrum is unstable against the noise of the Green's function. Though several numerical methods have been developed, each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. The sparse modeling (SpM) AC method, for example, is robust against the noise of the Green's function but suffers from unphysical oscillations in the low-energy region. We propose a new method that combines the SpM AC with the Padé approximation. This combination, called SpM-Padé, inherits robustness against noise from SpM and low-energy accuracy from Padé, compensating for the disadvantages of each. We demonstrate that the SpM- Padé method yields low-variance and low-biased results with almost the same computational cost as that of the SpM method.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures (proofread; changed text color, fixed some words)
Quantum Criticality out of Equilibrium: Steady State in a Magnetic Single-Electron Transistor
Creators: name: Kirchner, Stefan
name: Si, Qimiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum critical systems out of equilibrium are of extensive interest, but are difficult to study theoretically. We consider here the steady state limit of a single electron transistor, which is attached to ferromagnetic leads and subjected to a finite bias voltage (V). In equilibrium (i.e., V=0), this system undergoes a continuous quantum phase transition with a critical destruction of the Kondo effect. We construct an exact quantum Boltzmann treatment in a dynamical large-N limit, and determine the universal scaling functions for the I-V characteristics covering both the linear and non-linear regimes. We also elucidate the scaling properties of both the fluctuation-dissipation ratios and the decoherence properties as encoded in the local spin response.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures replaced with published version
A New Class of Radio Pulsars - Back in 1982
Creators: name: Alpar, M. Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Basic ideas about the torques on the neutron star and the existence of an equilibrium rotation period followed from the recognition that most X-ray binaries contain accretion powered neutron stars. The evolution of binaries through a phase of accretion onto the neutron star, eventually leading to a post-accretion radio pulsar phase, was initially discussed as a way to understand the scarcity of binaries among the radio pulsars and the relatively short rotation periods of the first discovered binary radio pulsars in terms of magnetic fields that would be smaller than the familiar $10^{12} G$ range. The discovery of the millisecond pulsars made us realize that the fields can be much lower in a new class of radio pulsars that have been spun up by accretion in LMXBs. The predicted spin-down rates of the millisecond pulsar was soon confirmed. The observers' search for millisecond X-ray periods was on, leading first to the discovery of QPOs, and eventually to the discovery of the X-ray millisecond pulsars. The theorists' quest for explanations of why X-ray millisecond pulsations are not observed from LMXBs also started right away.
description: Invited review, to appear in the proceedings of the workshop 'A Decade of Accreting Millisecond X-ray Pulsars' (Amsterdam, April 2008). Dedicated to the memory of Jacob Shaham, who knew millisecond X-ray pulsars would be discovered one day
Spirals on Si(111) at sublimation and growth: REM and LODREM observations
Creators: name: Ranguelov, B.
name: Metois, J. J.
name: Muller, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using recently proposed improvements of Reflection Electron Microsopy (REM) we study in perfectly controlled thermodynamics conditions spiral shapes and spirals on Si(111) surface. It is shown that the new method named low distortion reflection electron microscopy (LODREM) is a powerful instrument, resolving in much more details (compared with REM) growth or evaporation spirals at the crystal surface. More precisely, we examine the distance between two successive steps of a spiral at growth (or evaporation) with respect to the supersaturation (or undersaturation). It is found that this distance scales with an exponent close to -1/2. This result, which deviates from the BCF theory originates from a non local behavior with a slow kinetic of attachment of the adatoms at the steps.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Radiative decay of the dynamically generated open and hidden charm scalar meson resonances D_{s0}^*(2317) and X(3700)
Creators: name: Gamermann, D.
name: Dai, L. R.
name: Oset, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the formalism for the decay of dynamically generated scalar mesons with open- or hidden-charm and give results for the decay of D^*_{s0} (2317) to γD_s^* plus that of a hidden charm scalar meson state predicted by the theory around 3700 MeV decaying into γJ/ψ.
description: Appendix added
HelpViz: Automatic Generation of Contextual Visual MobileTutorials from Text-Based Instructions
Creators: name: Zhong, Mingyuan
name: Li, Gang
name: Chi, Peggy
name: Li, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present HelpViz, a tool for generating contextual visual mobile tutorials from text-based instructions that are abundant on the web. HelpViz transforms text instructions to graphical tutorials in batch, by extracting a sequence of actions from each text instruction through an instruction parsing model, and executing the extracted actions on a simulation infrastructure that manages an array of Android emulators. The automatic execution of each instruction produces a set of graphical and structural assets, including images, videos, and metadata such as clicked elements for each step. HelpViz then synthesizes a tutorial by combining parsed text instructions with the generated assets, and contextualizes the tutorial to user interaction by tracking the user's progress and highlighting the next step.
 Our experiments with HelpViz indicate that our pipeline improved tutorial execution robustness and that participants preferred tutorials generated by HelpViz over text-based instructions. HelpViz promises a cost-effective approach for generating contextual visual tutorials for mobile interaction at scale.
description: Accepted to UIST'21
Achieving Zero Hunger goal: Food Security in Post COVID-19 Era in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Arefin, Paroma
name: Habib, Md. Shehan
name: Arefin, Aishawarya
name: AREFIN, MD SAIDUL
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 119999 Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences

description: Bangladesh has a commendable progress in achieving SDG goals, specially poverty alleviation
and hunger eradication. Since 2020, COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a great uncertainty in the
economy, food security throughout the whole world. To combat the contagiousness nature of this
pandemic, countries had to adopt general holidays or lock down for quite a long period. In this
pandemic, we had to face lock down to save lives. So, ensuring food security has become a great
challenge. In this paper, we have analyzed the achievements of Bangladesh to ensure food
security and reach Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2: Zero Hunger. We have discussed the
challenges and steps of government to achieve this goal and ensure food security in both normal
situation and pandemic situation. We have also recommended immediate and long-term steps to
be taken in achieving and sustaining food security in Post COVID-19 era so that we can achieve
our sustainable development goal of hunger eradication.
A bordered HF- algebra for the torus
Creators: name: Lipshitz, Robert
name: Ozsváth, Peter
name: Thurston, Dylan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe a weighted $A_\infty$-algebra associated to the torus. We give a combinatorial construction of this algebra, and an abstract characterization. The abstract characterization also gives a relationship between our algebra and the wrapped Fukaya category of the torus. These algebras underpin the (unspecialized) bordered Heegaard Floer homology for three-manifolds with torus boundary, which will be constructed in forthcoming work.
description: 74 pages, 20 figures. v2: Accepted version
Anomalous Conductance Oscillations and Half-Metallicity in Atomic Ag-O Chains
Creators: name: Strange, Mikkel
name: Thygesen, Kristian S.
name: Sethna, James P.
name: Jacobsen, Karsten W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using spin density functional theory we study the electronic and magnetic properties of atomically thin, suspended chains containing silver and oxygen atoms in an alternating sequence. Chains longer than 4 atoms develop a half-metallic ground state implying fully spin polarized charge carriers. The conductances of the chains exhibit weak even-odd oscillations around an anomalously low value of 0.1G_0 (G_0 = 2e^2h) which coincide with the averaged experimental conductance in the long chain limit. The unusual conductance properties are explained in terms of a resonating-chain model which takes the reflection probability and phase-shift of a single bulk-chain interface as the only input. The model also explains the conductance oscillations for other metallic chains.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Isoperimetric conditions, lower semicontinuity, and existence results for perimeter functionals with measure data
Creators: name: Schmidt, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49Q05, 49Q20, 35J93, 35R06, 53A10

description: We establish lower semicontinuity results for perimeter functionals with measure data on $\mathbb{R}^n$ and deduce the existence of minimizers to these functionals with Dirichlet boundary conditions, obstacles, or volume-constraints. In other words, we lay foundations of a perimeter-based variational approach to mean curvature measures on $\mathbb{R}^n$ capable of proving existence in various prescribed-mean-curvature problems with measure data. As crucial and essentially optimal assumption on the measure data we identify a new condition, called small-volume isoperimetric condition, which sharply captures cancellation effects and comes with surprisingly many properties and reformulations in itself. In particular, we show that the small-volume isoperimetric condition is satisfied for a wide class of $(n{-}1)$-dimensional measures, which are thus admissible in our theory. Our analysis includes infinite measures and semicontinuity results on very general domains.
description: This version (v4) removes some typos only
Exotic tight contact structures on $\mathbb{R}^n$
Creators: name: Fauteux-Chapleau, François-Simon
name: Helfer, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D42

description: We introduce a variant of contact homology for convex open contact manifolds. As an application, we prove the existence of (in fact, infinitely many) exotic tight contact structures on $\mathbb{R}^{2n-1}$ for all $n>2$.
description: Fixed gap in Proposition 2.22 and various typos
ENVIRONMETAL SOCIAL HISTORY AND ROLE OF WASTEPICKERS OCCUPATION IN CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Creators: name: Ermolaeva Yu.V.
Publisher: name: Социология
Year: 2021
Subjects: CIRCULAR ECONOMY
GREEN ECONOMY
SOCIOLOGY OF PROFESSIONS
ANTHROPOLOGY OF PROFESSIONS
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PICKERS

description: The article analyzes the history of the transformation of waste collectors’ activities, the process creating a chains of exchange between the state and collectors, their status and autonomy, that completely depends from the institution of environmental control and the distribution of roles. The sociobiological role of the waste collector is becoming more and more acute in the context of global environmental inequality and on the path of the circular economy transition. In different periods of history, the need of the state and municipalities for collectors varied, the more valued secondary raw materials in ecological-oriented cultures, the more steps were created in the hierarchy of waste collectors with a free degree of activity and, accordingly, the more opportunities they have to return secondary resources to the material flow. Previously, their skills and status could be inherited without involving in the institution of education. In the twentieth century. environmental disasters are fueling the emergence of green professions of varying quality of skills, and the demand for them will grow. In other hands, self-employed collectors may face legal restrictions on their activities. Professional and craft communities engaged in the collection and processing of waste are being strengthened, the activities of which are regulated by an ethical and ecological complex of sustainable development with the possibility of growth.
Endolobus rota Korn & Klug 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Korn, Dieter
name: Klug, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Nautilida
Koninckioceratidae
Endolobus
Endolobus rota

description: Endolobus rota sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6E9B29A6-1308-4860-B96A-1C2E1B414621
Fig. 11; Table 4
Diagnosis
Species of Endolobus with pachyconic, subinvolute conch (ww/dm ~0.75; uw/dm ~ 0.25), whorl profile moderately compressed (ww/wh ~ 1.60) with slightly flattened venter and broadly rounded ventrolateral shoulder. Coiling rate extremely high (WER ~3.45), whorls not embracing. Ventrolateral shoulder with very low nodes. Suture line with very broad and shallow lobe on the venter and without internal lobe.
Etymology
From the Latin ‘ rota ’, meaning ‘wheel’, because of the conch shape.
Material examined
Holotype MOROCCO • Anti-Atlas, southeast of Gara el Itima, 31.5 km east-northeast of Taouz; Zrigat Formation; Korn & Ebbighausen 2007 Coll.; illustrated in Fig. 11; MB.C.31289.
Description
Specimen MB.C.31289 is a fragment of a specimen with about 85 mm conch diameter, consisting of three chambers and a short part of the body chamber with about 63 mm whorl width (Fig. 11A). At a whorl height of 39 mm, it has a ww/wh ratio of 1.60, but this ratio increases markedly during the previous half volution. The whorl profile is rounded-triangular with a broad venter, a broadly rounded ventrolateral shoulder and a nearly semicircular area consisting of flanks and dorsum (Fig. 11A). A concave dorsal whorl zone does not exist. One large and very low ventrolateral node is visible on the fragment. The suture line extends with a wide and shallow lobe across the venter; it forms a low saddle on the flank and does not possess an internal lobe (Fig. 11B).
Remarks
Endolobus rota differs from the other Early Carboniferous species of the genus mainly in the very low and broad nodes on the ventrolateral margin. Another criterion is the lack of whorl overlap, but this may be due to the relatively small size of the holotype when compared with the North American species of Endolobus.
description: Published as part of Korn, Dieter & Klug, Christian, 2023, Early Carboniferous coiled nautiloids from the Anti-Atlas (Morocco), pp. 156-194 in European Journal of Taxonomy 885 on pages 171-172, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.885.2199, http://zenodo.org/record/8222417
Thermal Behaviour of $π-π$ Scattering Lengths in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model
Creators: name: Loewe, M.
name: A., Jorge Ruiz
name: Rojas, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the thermal evolution of $π-π$ scattering lengths, in the frame of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. The thermal corrections were calculated at the one loop level using Thermofield Dynamics. We present also results for the pion thermal mass. Our procedure implies the modeling of a propagating scalar meson as a resumation of chains of quark bubbles, which is presented explicitly. We compare our results with previous analysis of this problem in the frame of different theoretical approaches.
description: Revtex4, 6 pages, 5 figures
The technical characteristics of a magnetic spectrograph used for (P,π ) studies at TRIUMF
Creators: name: Ziegler, William Anthony
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An experimental and theoretical analysis of a magnetic spectrograph is presented. The spectrograph was used for the analysis of pions produced in reactions of the type A(p,π[sup ±])A+1 at the TRIUMF cyclotron. An experimental study of the response of the spectrograph to monoenergetic pions was carried out using pions produced by the reaction pp￫dπ⁺. Both the instrumental lineshapes and effective solid angles were obtained for three pion energies, 50 MeV, 70 MeV, and 100 MeV. Theoretical studies of the spectrograph were performed by means of a Monte Carlo analysis simulation, which included both multiple scattering and pion decay. Good agreement was obtained between the experimentally determined lineshape and that predicted from the Monte Carlo analysis. The lineshapes were fitted analytically by a linear least squares method. Both the parameters resulting from the fit and the effective solid angle were found to be dependent on pion energy. The one experimental feature which was significantly underestimated by the Monte Carlo analysis was that of multiple scattering, that is, multiple scattering of the pions in the pole face structure of the magnet.
Moderately Suppressed Dimension-five Proton Decay in a Flipped $SU(5)$ Model
Creators: name: Haba, Naoyuki
name: Yamada, Toshifumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study colored Higgsino-mediated proton decay (dimension-five proton decay) in a model based on the flipped $SU(5)$ GUT. In the model, the GUT-breaking ${\bf10}$, ${\bf \overline{10}}$ fields have a GUT-scale mass term and gain VEVs through higher-dimensional operators, which induces an effective mass term between the color triplets in the ${\bf 5}$, ${\bf \bar{5}}$ Higgs fields that is not much smaller than the GUT scale. This model structure gives rise to observable dimension-five proton decay, and at the same time achieves moderate suppression on dimension-five proton decay that softens the tension with the current bound on $Γ(p\to K^+ν)$. We investigate the flavor dependence of the Wilson coefficients of the operators relevant to dimension-five proton decay, by relating them with diagonalized Yukawa couplings and CKM matrix components in MSSM, utilizing the fact that the GUT Yukawa couplings are in one-to-one correspondence with the MSSM Yukawa couplings in flipped models. Then we numerically evaluate the Wilson coefficients, and predict the distributions of the ratios of the partial widths of various proton decay modes.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures. Version accepted for publication in JHEP
The mass accretion history of dark matter haloes down to Earth mass
Creators: name: Liu, Yizhou
name: Gao, Liang
name: Bose, Sownak
name: Frenk, Carlos S.
name: Jenkins, Adrian
name: Springel, Volker
name: Wang, Jie
name: White, Simon D. M.
name: Zheng, Haonan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take advantage of the unprecedented dynamical range provided by the "Cosmic-Zoom" project to study the mass accretion history (MAH) of present-day dark matter haloes over the entire mass range present in the $Λ$CDM paradigm when the dark matter is made of weakly interacting massive particles of mass $100\ \mathrm{GeV}$. In particular, we complement previous studies by exploring the MAHs of haloes with mass from $10^8\ h^{-1}\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$ down to Earth mass, $10^{-6}\ h^{-1}\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$. The formation redshift of low-mass haloes anti-correlates weakly with mass, peaking at $z=3$ for haloes of mass $10^{-4}\ h^{-1}\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$. Even lower masses are affected by the free-streaming cutoff in the primordial spectrum of density fluctuations and form at lower redshift. We compare MAHs in our simulations with predictions from two analytical models based on the extended Press-Schechter theory (EPS), and three empirical models derived by fitting and extrapolating either results from cosmological $N$-body simulations or Monte Carlo realizations of halo growth. All models fit our simulations reasonably well over the mass range for which they were calibrated. While the empirical models match better for more massive haloes, $M>10^{10}\ h^{-1}\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$, the analytical models do better when extrapolated down to Earth mass. At the higher masses, we explore the correlation between local environment density and MAH, finding that biases are relatively weak, with typical MAHs for haloes in extremely low-density and in typical regions differing by less than $20$ percent at high redshift. If this result can be extrapolated to lower halo masses, we conclude that EPS theory predicts the hierarchical build-up of dark matter haloes quite well over the entire halo mass range.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, published in MNRAS
Size effect on thermodynamic properties of free nanocrystals
Creators: name: Karasevskii, A. I.
name: Lubashenko, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the discrete character of the vibrational spectrum of a small crystal accounts for size dependence of its thermodynamic properties and melting temperature. Using a self-consistent statistical method [Phys. Rev.B 66, 054302 (2002)] we derive the Gibbs free energy of free nanocrystalline plates and calculate the thermodynamic parameters as functions of plate thickness for Cu.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures