cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Laser-Plasma Interactions for Ion Acceleration using Particle-in-Cell Simulations and Evolutionary Algorithms
Creators: name: Smith, Joseph R.
name: Orban, Chris
name: Morrison, John T.
name: George, Kevin M.
name: Ngirmang, Gregory K.
name: Chowdhury, Enam A.
name: Roquemore, W. Mel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of ultra-intense laser-based sources of high energy ions is an important goal, with a variety of potential applications. One of the barriers to achieving this goal is the need to maximize the conversion efficiency from laser energy to ion energy. We apply a new approach to this problem, in which we use an evolutionary algorithm to optimize conversion efficiency by exploring variations of the target density profile with thousands of one-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. We then compare this "optimal" target identified by the one-dimensional PIC simulations to more conventional choices, such as with an exponential scale length pre-plasma, with fully three-dimensional PIC simulations. The optimal target outperforms the conventional targets in terms of maximum ion energy by 20% and show a significant enhancement of conversion efficiency to high energy ions. This target geometry enhances laser coupling to the electrons, while still allowing the laser to strongly reflect from an effectively thin target. These results underscore the potential for this statistics-driven approach to guide research into optimizing laser-plasma simulations and experiments.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Prospects for Scalar Leptoquark Discovery at the LHC
Creators: name: Mitsou, V. A.
name: Benekos, N. Ch.
name: Panagoulias, I.
name: Papadopoulou, Th. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery potential of the ATLAS detector for scalar leptoquark pair production at the LHC is discussed in this paper. The study is performed using a parameterized yet realistic simulation of the ATLAS detector response for the signal and the background. The channel LQLQ->(lq)(lq),where l=e,mu, is investigated for the first two generations and the decay mode LQLQ->(nu_tau b)(nu_tau b) for the third one. In both cases, a preliminary mass reach is found to be ~1.3 TeV for three years of LHC running at low luminosity.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, Prepared for Conference on Physics at LHC, Vienna, Austria, 13-17 Jul 2004, Submitted to Czech. J. Phys Corrected typos and added content
The role of estradiol in mediating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in female rats prenatally exposed to ethanol
Creators: name: Yamashita, Fiona Sayaka
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Prenatal ethanol exposure results in a broad range of physical, physiological and behavioral abnormalities. Experiments in this thesis focused on ethanol-induced alterations in physiological function. Two important systems that are altered by prenatal ethanol exposure are the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and -gonadal (HPG) axes, which are involved in the stress response and reproductive function. Previous studies have shown that rats prenatally exposed to ethanol (E) are typically hyperresponsive to stressors and have altered reproductive development and function. Furthermore, the normal sexual dimorphism of the HPA axis is differentially altered in E males and females, suggesting altered HPA-HPG interactions in E compared to control animals. Since the HPA and HPG axes develop in parallel and interact in a bi-directional manner, the aim of the present study was to determine the possible role of estradiol (E2) in the altered HPA response to stress in E females. We hypothesized that prenatal ethanol exposure would alter HPG development and activity and that altered HPA activity in E females may be due, at least in part, to altered HPA axis sensitivity to E2. Female offspring from E, pair-fed (PF) and ad lib-fed (C) dams were tested in adulthood. Animals were randomly assigned to one of four surgical groups: Sham, Ovariectomized (OVX), OVX + low (OVX-L) or high (OVX-H) E2 replacement. At testing animals were terminated directly from the home cage or following 30 min restraint stress and plasma, organs and brains were collected for analysis. E females had decreased uterine sensitivity to E2 compared to C females and lower GnRH mRNA expression/neuron in the MPOA following stress compared to PF females. Furthermore, acute stress failed to increase plasma E2 in E and PF females, as it did in controls. Following OVX, E and PF females had lower basal plasma CORT levels compared to C females. In addition, under both basal and stress conditions, E females had lower plasma ACTH levels compared to C females overall. Moreover, under stress conditions, plasma ACTH levels in E females did not change across surgical treatments, while PF and C females had increased ACTH levels following OVX, which returned to Sham levels with E2 replacement. Also, under resting conditions, AVP mRNA expression was higher in E compared to C females and both CRH and AVP mRNA expression were increased in PF compared to C females. The present data suggest that E females have altered HPG activity and HPA responsiveness to stressors as well as altered bidirectional interactions between the HPA and HPG axes. Overall, E females appear to be less responsive than controls to the effects of E2 on both reproductive and non-reproductive measures. Furthermore, E females appear to have decreased tissue responsiveness to E2 and altered HPG sensitivity to acute stress at various levels of the axis.
The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. VI. A Neptune-mass planet around the nearby M dwarf Gl 581
Creators: name: Bonfils, X.
name: Forveille, T.
name: Delfosse, X.
name: Udry, S.
name: Mayor, M.
name: Perrier, C.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Queloz, D.
name: Bertaux, J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a Neptune-mass planet around Gl 581 (M3V, M = 0.31 Msol), based on precise Doppler measurements with the HARPS spectrograph at La Silla Observatory. The radial velocities reveal a circular orbit of period P = 5.366 days and semi-amplitude K1 = 13.2 m/s. The resulting minimum mass of the planet (m2 sin i) is only 0.052 Mjup = 0.97 Mnep = 16.6 Mearth making Gl 581b one of the lightest extra-solar planet known to date. The Gl 581 planetary system is only the third centered on an M dwarf, joining the Gl 876 three-planet system and the lone planet around Gl 436. Its discovery reinforces the emerging tendency of such planets to be of low mass, and found at short orbital periods. The statistical properties of the planets orbiting M dwarfs do not seem to match a simple mass scaling of their counterparts around solar-type stars.
description: letter submitted to A&A
Current-Induced Magnetization Switching in Permalloy-based Nanopillars with Cu, Ag, and Au
Creators: name: Kurt, H.
name: Loloee, R.
name: Pratt, W. P.
name: Bass, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare magnetoresistances (MR) and switching currents (I_s) at room temperature (295K) and 4.2K for Permalloy/N/Permalloy nanopillars undergoing current-induced magnetization switching (CIMS), with non-magnetic metals N = Cu, Ag, and Au. The N-metal thickness is held fixed at 10 nm. Any systematic differences in MR and I_s for the different N-metals are modest, suggesting that Ag and Au represent potentially viable alternatives for CIMS studies and devices to the more widely used Cu.
description: Submitted for Magnetism Conference, MMM-04
Choice of mutually unbiased bases and outcome labelling affects measurement outcome secrecy
Creators: name: Doda, Mirdit
name: Pivoluska, Matej
name: Plesch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) are a crucial ingredient for many protocols in quantum information processing. Measurements performed in these bases are unbiased to the maximally possible extent, which is used to prove randomness or secrecy of measurement results. In this work we show that certain properties of sets of MUBs crucially depend on their specific choice, including, somewhat surprisingly, measurement outcome labelling. If measurements are chosen in a coherent way, the secrecy of the result can be completely lost for specific sets of MUB measurements, while partially retained for others. This can potentially impact a broad spectrum of applications, where MUBs are utilized.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
The Effects of Weather and Output Price Risk on the Economic Returns of Backgrounding Feeding Cattle
Creators: name: Harrison, R. Wes
name: Harrison, R. Wes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Feeder cattle
subject: Weather risk
subject: Price risk
subject: Stochastic dominance

description: Stochastic simulation is used to analyze the effects of weather and output price risks on feeder cattle backgrounding systems common to the mid-south region of the United States. The results show that backgrounding systems beginning in the fall and ending from April to late August are associated with higher expected returns relative to summer backgrounding. However, winter backgrounding is associated with greater overall risk relative to summer backgrounding. Stochastic dominance analysis indicated that slightly risk averse backgrounders prefer both winter and summer baskgrounding but summer backgrounding is preferred by strongly risk averse decision makers.
Non perturbative regularization of one loop integrals at finite temperature
Creators: name: Amore, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method devised by the author is used to calculate analytical expressions for one loop integrals at finite temperature. A non-perturbative regularization of the integrals is performed, yielding expressions of non-polynomial nature. A comparison with previuosly published results is presented and the advantages of the present technique are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables; corrected some typos and simplified eq. (8)
RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL: O QUE OS FUTUROS ADMINISTRADORES ENTENDEM SOBRE O CONCEITO?
Creators: name: Claro, Priscila Borin De Oliveira
name: Claro, Danny Pimentel
name: Lucci, Cintia Retz
name: Claro, Priscila Borin De Oliveira
name: Claro, Danny Pimentel
name: Lucci, Cintia Retz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: social responsibility
subject: concept interpretation
subject: undergraduate students

description: The main purpose of companies nowadays is not only generation of profits for shareholders and investors, of jobs and income or even their own survival and growth. Companies are also responsible for sustainable development and social equity. The objective of this study is to identify the interpretation of undergraduate management students on social responsibility, based on the assumption that these students are the next generation of managers. In addition, this study analyzes the socio demographic antecedents of social responsibility: age, gender, semester in the university, family monthly income, contact with the issue in the university and the impact of social projects on financial performance. In total, 250 structured questionnaires were applied in two different universities in São Paulo State. Results show that the respondents do not have a complete understanding of what social responsibility is. This incomplete perception can influence negatively the commitment of companies to social projects and, consequently, to sustainable development.
Bivincula diaphana Moore 1879
Creators: name: Wang, Xing
name: Wang, Min
name: Zolotuhin, Vadim V.
name: Hirowatari, Toshiya
name: Wu, Shipher
name: Huang, Guo-Hua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Bombycidae
Bivincula
Bivincula diaphana

description: 25. Bivincula diaphana (Moore, 1879) (FIGURES 16–16 D, 17A)
Ocinara diaphana Moore, 1879, Ind. Lep. Insects Colln. Atk.: 83. TL: Khasia Hills. Holotype by monotypy: male (ZMHU) [examined].
Diagnosis. Characterized by costal margins of fore- and hindwings edged with yellow scales, uncus with pointed apex, valva sickle-shaped distally, saccus long and slender, and aedeagus slender and straight.
Specimens examined. [YUNNAN] Yingjiang County (Tongbiguan Provincial NR): 1 male, 21.VI.2005, Guo-Hua Huang, Liu-Sheng Chen & Jing-Xian Liu leg. (HUNAU); Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous: 1 male, Puwen, 30 km southwest of Simao city, 900 m, 10–30.IV.2000, 22˚30’N, 100˚02’E, Brechlin’s local collector leg. (MWM); Daxingsi (10 km west of Yunxian County in Lincang district): 5 males, 120 km south of Dali city, 1200 m, 16.III–10.IV.2000, 24˚30’N, 100˚01’E, Brechlin’s local collector leg. (MWM); Mt. Manxieba: 3 males and 2 females, 18 km south of Simao city, 22˚28’N, 101˚01’E, 16.III–10.IV.2000, Dr. R. Brehlin & his local collector leg. (MWM).
Bionomics. Adults fly in winter and summer in southern China.
Map 10. Distribution of Bivincula spp. mainly in China.
Distribution. Mainland China (Yunnan), Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar and India. Remarks. The species differs from B. watsoni in the absence of the black markings on the forewing and abdominal margin.
description: Published as part of Wang, Xing, Wang, Min, Zolotuhin, Vadim V., Hirowatari, Toshiya, Wu, Shipher & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2015, The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands, pp. 1-138 in Zootaxa 3989 (1) on pages 44-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/238716
Entanglement Entropy from TFD Entropy Operator
Creators: name: Dias, M.
name: Nedel, Daniel L.
name: Senise, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, a canonical method to compute entanglement entropy is proposed. We show that for two-dimensional conformal theories defined in a torus, a choice of moduli space allows the typical entropy operator of the TFD to provide the entanglement entropy of the degrees of freedom defined in a segment and their complement. In this procedure, it is not necessary to make an analytic continuation from the Rényi entropy and the von Neumann entanglement entropy is calculated directly from the expected value of an entanglement entropy operator. We also propose a model for the evolution of the entanglement entropy and show that it grows linearly with time.
description: 35 pages. New sections and figure added. Published version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1910.11427
Analysis of Expected Price Dynamics Between Fluid Milk Futures Contracts and Cash Prices for Fluid Milk
Creators: name: Fortenbery, T. Randall
name: Cropp, Robert A.
name: Zapata, Hector O.
name: Fortenbery, T. Randall
name: Cropp, Robert A.
name: Zapata, Hector O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Fluid milk futures
subject: Contracts
subject: Basis
subject: Dairy markets

description: Future contracts for fluid milk began trading in late 1995 and early 1996. This paper investigates the potential use of fluid milk futures contracts as hedge vehicles for dairy producers in the Upper Midwest and California markets. This is done by developing simulated futures prices for the period 1988 to 1995. The simulated futures prices are used to estimate basis relationships between cash and futures prices for the markets considered. Results suggest that the fluid milk futures contracts could be used to reduce market price risk for producers in the Upper Midwest. Results were less conclusive for California producers.
Current induced Spin Torque in a nanomagnet
Creators: name: Waintal, X.
name: Parcollet, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a nanomagnet (whose total spin S< 1000), very small polarized currents can lead to magnetic reversal. Treating on the same footing the transport and magnetic properties of a nanomagnet connected to magnetic leads via tunneling barriers, we derive a closed equation for the time evolution of the magnetization. The interplay between Coulomb blockade phenomena and magnetism gives some additional structure to the current induced spin torque. In addition to the possibility of stabilizing uniform spin waves, we find that the system is highly hysteretic: up to three different magnetic states can be simultaneously stable in one region of the parameter (magnetic field and bias voltage) space.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
NH3-TPD calibration plot from Effect of support acidity during selective hydrogenolysis of glycerol over supported palladium-ruthenium catalysts
Creators: name: Guadix-Montero, Susana
name: Santos-Hernandez, Alba
name: Folli, Andrea
name: Meenakshisundaram Sankar
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30203 Inorganic Green Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry

description: Linear fit correlation of ammonia calibration. Peak area vs known volume of ammonia injected
United States, Latin America, and the Global Economy: The Vision of Greater America
Creators: name: Scheman, L. Ronald
name: Scheman, L. Ronald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Greater America
subject: International trade
subject: Latin America

description: Latin America is the most important partner of the United States in consolidating the base of democracy and open markets in the global context as well as providing resources, markets and energy security for a growing economic base. The backbone of the global economy, the productive capacity deriving from the great combination of the treasures of the Rockies and Andes, together with U.S. technology, will be the bedrock foundation for unassailable economic growth. Together a combined open market of more than 600 million people will enable the coming generation to see Greater America emerge as a major force defining the values of the coming century.
Bivincula kalikotei Dierl 1978
Creators: name: Wang, Xing
name: Wang, Min
name: Zolotuhin, Vadim V.
name: Hirowatari, Toshiya
name: Wu, Shipher
name: Huang, Guo-Hua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Bombycidae
Bivincula
Bivincula kalikotei

description: 26. Bivincula kalikotei Dierl, 1978 (FIGURES 16 E, 17B, 17D)
Bivincula kalikotei Dierl, 1978, Spixiana, 1 (3): 262. TL: ” Nepal, Kyumnu Khola-Tal bei Gandrung 2350 m ”. Holotype: male (ZSM) [examined].
Diagnosis. This species is very similar to B. diaphana, but can be distinguished by the following characters: discal cell of forewing with a black dot; uncus entire; valvae fused basally, deeply bifid to near the base with a long costal strip; harpe thumb-shaped; saccus shorter, slightly swollen apically; aedeagus apically curved.
Specimens examined. [XIZANG (TIBET)] Nyalam: 1 female, 3000 m, 28˚00’N, 86˚00’E, 4–6.VII.1998, O. Ammosov leg. (MWM).
Bionomics. Adults are on the wing in summer in Tibet.
Distribution. Mainland China (Xizang (Tibet)), Nepal.
Remarks. The species is here recorded from China for the first time.
description: Published as part of Wang, Xing, Wang, Min, Zolotuhin, Vadim V., Hirowatari, Toshiya, Wu, Shipher & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2015, The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands, pp. 1-138 in Zootaxa 3989 (1) on pages 45-47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/238716
Cosmology as Relativistic Particle Mechanics: From Big Crunch to Big Bang
Creators: name: Russo, J. G.
name: Townsend, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmology can be viewed as geodesic motion in an appropriate metric on an `augmented' target space; here we obtain these geodesics from an effective relativistic particle action. As an application, we find some exact (flat and curved) cosmologies for models with N scalar fields taking values in a hyperbolic target space for which the augmented target space is a Milne universe. The singularities of these cosmologies correspond to points at which the particle trajectory crosses the Milne horizon, suggesting a novel resolution of them, which we explore via the Wheeler-deWitt equation.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, references and comments added
Improving Education as Key to Enhancing Adaptive Capacity in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Lutz, Wolfgang
name: Lutz, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Human Capital
subject: Education
subject: Health
subject: Root cause of development
subject: ‘Quality’ dimension in population analysis

description: This paper summarizes new scientific evidence supporting the hypothesis that among the many factors contributing to international development, the combination of education and health stands out as a root cause on which other dimensions of development depend. Much of this recent analysis is based on new reconstructions and projections of populations by age, sex and four levels of educational attainment for more than 120 countries using the demographic method of multi-state population dynamics. It also refers to a series of systems analytical population–development–environment case studies that comprehensively assess the role of population and education factors relative to other factors in the struggle for sustainable development. The paper also claims that most concerns about the consequences of population trends are in fact concerns about human capital, and that only by adding the ‘quality’ dimension of education to the traditionally narrow focus on size and age structure can some of the long-standing population controversies be resolved.
Emergence of superfluid transport in a dynamical system of ultracold atoms
Creators: name: Brand, Joachim
name: Kolovsky, Andrey R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate is studied theoretically in a combined periodic plus harmonic external potential. Different dynamical regimes of stable and unstable collective dipole and Bloch oscillations are analysed in terms of a quantum mechanical pendulum model. Nonlinear interactions are shown to counteract quantum-mechanical dephasing and lead to phase-coherent, superfluid transport.
Bivincula watsoni Dierl 1978
Creators: name: Wang, Xing
name: Wang, Min
name: Zolotuhin, Vadim V.
name: Hirowatari, Toshiya
name: Wu, Shipher
name: Huang, Guo-Hua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Bombycidae
Bivincula
Bivincula watsoni

description: 27. Bivincula watsoni Dierl, 1978 (FIGURES 16 F, 17C)
Bivincula watsoni Dierl, 1978, Spixiana, 1 (3): 260, pl. V, fig. 37, text-fig. 23. TL: Sikkim.
Diagnosis. Characterized by the following features: costa with four black spots; inner margin of hindwing with four spots; postmedial and submarginal lines consisting of obvious gray spots; uncus bifid, the lobes sickle-shaped; saccus broader and short; valva sickle-shaped distally; aedeagus curved apically.
Specimens examined. [YUNNAN] Tengchong County: 2 males, Beihai Town, 29.VI.2002, Ming-Yi Tian leg. (SCAU); 1 male, Mt. Gaoligongshan, 15.VI.2005, Ming-Yi Tian leg. (SCAU).
Bionomics. Early stages and host plant unknown.
Distribution. Mainland China (Yunnan), India, Myanmar.
Remarks. Huang & Wang (2006) first recorded this species from China. It flies in summer in China, but not many specimens have been collected.
description: Published as part of Wang, Xing, Wang, Min, Zolotuhin, Vadim V., Hirowatari, Toshiya, Wu, Shipher & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2015, The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands, pp. 1-138 in Zootaxa 3989 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/238716
Existence of Fermion Zero Modes and Deconfinement of Spinons in Quantum Antiferromagnetism resulting from Algebraic Spin Liquid
Creators: name: Kim, Ki-Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantum antiferromagnetism arising from algebraic spin liquid via spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking. We claim that in the antiferromagnet massive Dirac spinons can appear to make broad continuum spectrum at high energies in inelastic neutron scattering. The mechanism of spinon deconfinement results from the existence of fermion zero modes in single monopole potentials. Neel vectors can make a skyrmion configuration around a magnetic monopole of compact U(1) gauge fields. Remarkably, in the monopole-skyrmion composite potential the Dirac fermion is shown to have a zero mode. The emergence of the fermion zero mode forbids the condensation of monopoles, resulting in deconfinement of Dirac spinons in the quantum antiferromagnet.
description: K. -S. Kim is much indebted to Dr. A. Tanaka who pointed out a mistake in association with the gradient expansion in Eq. (C3) and Eq. (C4)
Age of High Redshift Objects - a Litmus Test for the Dark Energy Models
Creators: name: Jain, Deepak
name: Dev, Abha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of the quasar, the APM 08279+5255 at z = 3.91 whose age is 2-3 Gyr has once again led to ``age crisis''. The noticeable fact about this object is that it cannot be accommodated in a universe with $Ω_m = 0.27$, currently accepted value of matter density parameter and $ω= \mathrm{constant}$. In this work, we explore the concordance of various dark energy parameterizations ($w(z)$ models) with the age estimates of the old high redshift objects. It is alarming to note that the quasar cannot be accommodated in any dark energy model even for $Ω_m = 0.23$, which corresponds to $1 σ$ deviation below the best fit value provided by WMAP. There is a need to look for alternative cosmologies or some other dark energy parameterizations which allow the existence of the high redshift objects.
description: Latex file, Results and Discussion section is modified, more references added
Radio observations of a few giant sources
Creators: name: Konar, C.
name: Saikia, D. J.
name: Ishwara-Chandra, C. H.
name: Kulkarni, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multifrequency observations with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) and the Very Large Array (VLA) of a sample of seventeen largely giant radio sources (GRSs). These observations have either helped clarify the radio structures or provided new information at a different frequency. The broad line radio galaxy, J0313+413, has an asymmetric, curved radio jet and a variable radio core, consistent with a moderate angle of inclination to the line of sight. We attempt to identify steep spectrum radio cores (SSCs), which may be a sign of recurrent activity, and find four candidates. If confirmed, this would indicate a trend for SSCs to occur preferentially in GRSs. From the structure and integrated spectra of the sources we suggest that the lobes of emission in J0139+399 and J0200+408 may be due to an earlier cycle of nuclear activity. We find that inverse-Compton losses with the cosmic microwave background radiation dominate over synchrotron radiative losses in the lobes of all the sources, consistent with earlier studies. We also show that prominence of the bridge emission decreases with increasing redshift, possibly due to inverse-Compton losses. This could affect the appearance and identification of GRSs at large redshifts.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures (Figure 1 shows the images of 17 sources), 4 tables. accepted for publication in Monthly Notices
The CRESST Dark Matter Search
Creators: name: Majorovits, B.
name: Angloher, G.
name: Bucci, C.
name: Christ, P.
name: Cozzini, C.
name: von Feilitzsch, F.
name: Hauff, D.
name: Henry, S.
name: Jagemann, Th.
name: Jochum, J.
name: Kraus, H.
name: Mikhailik, V.
name: Ninkovic, J.
name: Petricca, F.
name: Potzel, W.
name: Proebst, F.
name: Ramachers, Y.
name: Razeti, M.
name: Rau, W.
name: Seidel, W.
name: Stark, M.
name: Stodolsky, L.
name: Tolhurst, A. J. B.
name: Wahl, D.
name: Westphal, W.
name: Wulandari, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first competitive results on WIMP dark matter using the phonon-light-detection technique. A particularly strong limit for WIMPs with coherent scattering results from selecting a region of the phonon-light plane corresponding to tungsten recoils. The observed count rate in the neutron band is compatible with the rate expected from neutron background. CRESST is presently being upgraded with a 66 channel SQUID readout system, a neutron shield and a muon veto system. This results in a significant improvement in sensitivity.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, to be published in the proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on the Identification and Detection of Dark Matter IDM 2004, Edinburgh, Sept. 2004, World Scientific
The length of stellar bars in SB galaxies and N-body simulations
Creators: name: Michel-Dansac, Leo
name: Wozniak, Herve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the accuracy and reliability of six methods used to determine the length of stellar bars in galaxies or N-body simulations. All these methods use ellipse fitting and Fourier decomposition of the surface brightness. We have applied them to N-body simulations that include stars, gas, star formation, and feedback. Stellar particles were photometrically calibrated to make B and K-band mock images. Dust absorption is also included. We discuss the advantages and drawbacks of each method, the effects of projection and resolution, as well as the uncertainties introduced by the presence of dust. The use of N-body simulations allows us to compare the location of Ultra Harmonic Resonance (UHR or 4/1) and corotation (CR) with measured bar lengths. We show that the minimum of ellipticity located just outside the bulk of the bar is correlated with the corotation, whereas the location of the UHR can be approximated using the phase of the fitted ellipses or the phase of the m=2 Fourier development of the surface brightness. We give evidence that the classification of slow/fast bars, based on the ratio R = Rcr/Rbar could increase from 1 (fast bar) to 1.4 (slow bar) just by a change of method. We thus conclude that one has to select the right bar-length estimator depending on the application, since these various estimators do not define the same physical area.
description: Major revision, A&A in press
Community-based Adaptation: Lessons from the Development Marketplace 2009 on Adaptation to Climate Change
Creators: name: Heltberg, Rasmus
name: Prabhu, Radhika
name: Gitay, Habiba
name: Heltberg, Rasmus
name: Prabhu, Radhika
name: Gitay, Habiba
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Community-based Adaptation
subject: Development Marketplace
subject: Adaptation
subject: Climate Change

description: The Development Marketplace 2009 focused on adaptation to climate change. This paper identifies lessons from the Marketplace and assesses their implications for adaptation support. Our findings are based on: statistical tabulation of all proposals; in-depth qualitative and quantitative analysis of the 346 semi-finalists; and interviews with finalists and assessors. Proposals were fuelled by deep concerns that ongoing climate change and its impacts undermine development and exacerbate poverty, migration and food insecurity. Proposals addressed both local poverty and climate change challenges, and offered a wide range of approaches to render local development more resilient to current climate variability. Therefore, support to community-based adaptation should: exploit its strong local grounding and synergies with development; help connect local initiatives to higher levels; and use complementary approaches to address policy issues.
Diquark Correlations in Hadron Physics: Origin, Impact and Evidence
Creators: name: Barabanov, M. Yu.
name: Bedolla, M. A.
name: Brooks, W. K.
name: Cates, G. D.
name: Chen, C.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Cisbani, E.
name: Ding, M.
name: Eichmann, G.
name: Ent, R.
name: Ferretti, J.
name: Gothe, R. W.
name: Horn, T.
name: Liuti, S.
name: Mezrag, C.
name: Pilloni, A.
name: Puckett, A. J. R.
name: Roberts, C. D.
name: Rossi, P.
name: Salme, G.
name: Santopinto, E.
name: Segovia, J.
name: Syritsyn, S. N.
name: Takizawa, M.
name: Tomasi-Gustafsson, E.
name: Wein, P.
name: Wojtsekhowski, B. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The last decade has seen a marked shift in how the internal structure of hadrons is understood. Modern experimental facilities, new theoretical techniques for the continuum bound-state problem and progress with lattice-regularised QCD have provided strong indications that soft quark+quark (diquark) correlations play a crucial role in hadron physics. For example, theory indicates that the appearance of such correlations is a necessary consequence of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, viz. a corollary of emergent hadronic mass that is responsible for almost all visible mass in the universe; experiment has uncovered signals for such correlations in the flavour-separation of the proton's electromagnetic form factors; and phenomenology suggests that diquark correlations might be critical to the formation of exotic tetra- and penta-quark hadrons. A broad spectrum of such information is evaluated herein, with a view to consolidating the facts and therefrom moving toward a coherent, unified picture of hadron structure and the role that diquark correlations might play.
description: 113 pages, 41 figures, 8 tables
Gnathocinara Dierl 1978
Creators: name: Wang, Xing
name: Wang, Min
name: Zolotuhin, Vadim V.
name: Hirowatari, Toshiya
name: Wu, Shipher
name: Huang, Guo-Hua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Bombycidae
Gnathocinara

description: XI. Gnathocinara Dierl, 1978 (FIGURE 18)
Gnathocinara Dierl, 1978, Spixiana 1 (3): 266. Type species: Ocinara situla van Eecke, 1929, by original designation. First
recorded from China by Zolotuhin & Witt, 2009: 249.
Diagnosis. Characterized by the following features: wings white or pale gray; 8th sternite with posterior margin deeply bifid, with two pairs differently-sized and shaped projections, anterior margin with two elongate, distally swollen processes; 8th tergite goblet-shaped, anterior margin with two acute bars extending outwards; uncus long, finger-shaped; gnathos reduced; valvae fused basally, deeply bifid to near the base and costa long and sickleshaped; harpe thumb-shaped; saccus slender.
Distribution. Oriential Region.
Remarks. Prior to the present study, this genus consisted of only a single species and had been recorded from China by Zolotuhin & Witt (2009). Here, a second species from China is described.
Map 11. Distribution of Gnathocinara spp. mainly in China.
description: Published as part of Wang, Xing, Wang, Min, Zolotuhin, Vadim V., Hirowatari, Toshiya, Wu, Shipher & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2015, The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands, pp. 1-138 in Zootaxa 3989 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/238716
Killarney Park : creating a centre for play in the community
Creators: name: Scott, Heather Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Public parks play an important role in the health of the community. Not only are they places to play sports and run the family dog, but they also provide an essential interface between the natural world and the built environment. Located in East Vancouver, Killarney Park and Killarney Community Centre were built (in 1962) as a sports-oriented facility. While the extensive sports fields are quite well-used during game times, the sparse landscape consisting mostly of flat turf lined with street trees goes largely unused for purposes other than sports-playing. As well, the current park design fails to meet several programmatic needs of the community. Tai chi practitioners and local youth find themselves without an appropriate venue for their interests. Killarney Park has failed to evolve to meet the needs of the evolving community of Killarney. By formally addressing the issues of structure, community, ecology and play, the design proposal considers the whole community and its needs. The proposal for Killarney Park results from a layering of social, cultural and ecological programs where stormwater management systems interface explicitly with the main circulation system to put the site's ecological functioning in the public eye. Existing sports facilities are maintained, while community and ecological programs are layered to make full use of the site's potential as a community hub. The design for Killarney Park is a place of local celebration where sports viewing, outdoor movie watching, and local produce selling all find a home. The needs of the natural world are addressed by enhancing the stormwater infiltration and fruit production on the site. By layering the ecological functioning of the site with its community programming, this project explores how the neighbourhood sport-park can benefit not only the community and its people but will add to the the healthy functioning of the local ecosystem.
Dissociation of vortex stacks into fractional-flux vortices
Creators: name: De Col, A.
name: Geshkenbein, V. B.
name: Blatter, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the zero field superconducting phase transition in a finite system of magnetically coupled superconducting layers. Transverse screening is modified by the presence of other layers resulting in topological excitations with fractional flux. Vortex stacks trapping a full flux and present at any finite temperature undergo an evaporation transition which corresponds to the depairing of fractional-flux vortices in individual layers. We propose an experiment with a bi-layer system allowing us to identify the dissociation of bound vortex molecules.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure; revised version, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
The Stellar Content of Obscured Galactic Giant HII Regions V: G333.1--0.4
Creators: name: Figueredo, E.
name: Blum, R. D.
name: Damineli, A.
name: Conti, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high angular resolution near--infrared images of the obscured Galactic Giant HII (GHII) region G333.1--0.4 in which we detect an OB star cluster. For G333.1--0.4, we find OB stars and other massive objects in very early evolutionary stages, possibly still accreting. We obtained $K$--band spectra of three stars; two show O type photospheric features, while the third has no photospheric features but does show CO 2.3 $μ$m band--head emission. This object is at least as hot as an early B type star based on its intrinsic luminosity and is surrounded by a circumstellar disc/envelope which produces near infrared excess emission. A number of other relatively bright cluster members also display excess emission in the $K$--band, indicative of disks/envelopes around young massive stars. Based upon the O star photometry and spectroscopy, the distance to the cluster is 2.6 $\pm$ 0.4 kpc, similar to a recently derived kinematic (near side) value. The slope of the $K$--band luminosity function is similar to those found in other young clusters. The mass function slope is more uncertain, and we find $-1.3 \pm 0.2 < Γ< -1.1 \pm 0.2$- for stars with M $> 5$ M$_\odot$ where the upper an lower limits are calculated independently for different assumptions regarding the excess emission of the individual massive stars. The number of Lyman continuum photons derived from the contribution of all massive stars in the cluster is 0.2 $\times$ $10^{50}$ $s^{-1}$ $< NLyc < 1.9$ $\times$ $10^{50}$ $s^{-1}$. The integrated cluster mass is 1.0 $\times$ $10^{3}$ $M_\odot < M_{cluster} < 1.3$ $\times$ $10^{3}$ $M_\odot$.
description: 31 pages, including 12 figures and 3 tables. Accepted for publication in the AJ
Entertainment for sale : urban entertainment centres and their impacts on the host communities
Creators: name: Chow, Brian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Urban entertainment centres are perhaps the largest and latest kind of commercial development to combine the retail and entertainment industries in one location. These centres often combine new entertainment, dining, and retail activities to provide a pleasurable experience to their visitors. These centres have been rapidly spreading across the US and Canada, bringing economic, social, environmental, and political and planning changes to the communities. This thesis examines the local impacts of entertainment centres on the host community so that planners can recommend planning policies to mitigate some of the negative impacts. To contextualize urban entertainment centres, the definition, the history, and the characteristics of entertainment centres are examined. The definition of entertainment centres describes their general forms and functions. The history examines the recent growth of entertainment centres by analyzing the changing supply and demand of public entertainment from the 1870s to 1990s. The physical and experiential characteristics create and influence many of their community impacts. The impacts are analyzed within a template based on the community objectives to characterize how entertainment centres affect the communities. The analysis adopts the perspective of the host community, producing a comprehensive list of local community impacts on the host community. To exemplify the impacts, the template is applied to two case studies, International Village Shopping Centre in Downtown Vancouver and Riverport Sports and Entertainment Complex in Richmond. The selection of the case studies is based on the location difference: International Village Centre is the urban example and Riverport Complex is the suburban example. The location difference helps to explore a broad range of potential community impacts. The negative impacts of entertainment centres are examined. Possible planning recommendations to mitigate the negative impacts are developed by examining the negative impacts, while referring to the community objectives. The thesis concludes by discussing the potentials and limitations of the template and speculating on the future of entertainment centres.
Similar impact of topological and dynamic noise on complex patterns
Creators: name: Marr, Carsten
name: Huett, Marc-Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shortcuts in a regular architecture affect the information transport through the system due to the severe decrease in average path length. A fundamental new perspective in terms of pattern formation is the destabilizing effect of topological perturbations by processing distant uncorrelated information, similarly to stochastic noise. We study the functional coincidence of rewiring and noisy communication on patterns of binary cellular automata.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures. To be published in Physics Letters A
Heavy Ion Physics at the LHC
Creators: name: Vogt, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ion-ion center of mass energies at the LHC will exceed that at RHIC by nearly a factor of 30, providing exciting opportunities for addressing unique physics issues in a completely new energy domain. Some highlights of this new physics domain are presented here. We briefly describe how these collisions will provide new insights into the high density, low momentum gluon content of the nucleus expected to dominate the dynamics of the early state of the system. We then discuss how the dense initial state of the nucleus affects the lifetime and temperature of the produced system. Finally, we explain how the high energy domain of the LHC allows abundant production of `rare' processes, hard probes calculable in perturbative quantum chromodynamics, QCD. At the LHC, high momentum jets and $b \bar b$ bound states, the $Υ$ family, will be produced with high statistics for the first time in heavy ion collisions.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, proceedings of INPC 04 in Goteborg, Sweden, July 2004, includes conference style file
Taking the Archaeological Record Seriously: New Thoughts Concerning the Statue Arrangement in the Burial of Khnumnakht and Nakhtankh at Deir Rifeh
Creators: name: Beck, Tina
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 932 Ägypten bis 640

description: This paper discusses the burial of Khnumnakht and Nakhtankh at Deir Rifeh and their statue arrangement. In the coffin of Khnumnakht, who died first, was a wooden statue of Nakhtankh. In the coffin of Nakhtankh, a second wooden statue of him was found together with a wooden statue of Khnumnakht. All three wooden statues are inscribed with the names of the deceased. Previously, this unusual statue arrangement was interpreted as a mistake, however it seems more likely that the wooden statues were intentionally placed within the other men’s coffins. This paper will not only reflect the relationship of these men and discuss the content of the burial, but also propose that the functions of the statues changed. It will be argued that a statue’s function or role within the funerary rituals is as dynamic as the ritual itself and its entanglements with humans and other things.