cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Is an MRI-derived anatomical measure of dementia risk also a measure of brain aging?
Creators: name: Wagenknecht, L.E
name: Gottesman, R.F
name: Windham, B.G
name: Barnard, R.T
name: Casanova, R
name: Hughes, T.M
name: Kritchevsky, S.B
name: Anderson, A.M
name: Kucharska-Newton, A
name: Justice, J.N
name: Mosley, T.H
name: Palta, P
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Year: 2023

description: Machine learning methods have been applied to estimate measures of brain aging from neuroimages. However, only rarely have these measures been examined in the context of biologic age. Here, we investigated associations of an MRI-based measure of dementia risk, the Alzheimer’s disease pattern similarity (AD-PS) scores, with measures used to calculate biological age. Participants were those from visit 5 of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study with cognitive status adjudication, proteomic data, and AD-PS scores available. The AD-PS score estimation is based on previously reported machine learning methods. We evaluated associations of the AD-PS score with all-cause mortality. Sensitivity analyses using only cognitively normal (CN) individuals were performed treating CNS-related causes of death as competing risk. AD-PS score was examined in association with 32 proteins measured, using a Somalogic platform, previously reported to be associated with age. Finally, associations with a deficit accumulation index (DAI) based on a count of 38 health conditions were investigated. All analyses were adjusted for age, race, sex, education, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes. The AD-PS score was significantly associated with all-cause mortality and with levels of 9 of the 32 proteins. Growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) and pleiotrophin remained significant after accounting for multiple-testing and when restricting the analysis to CN participants. A linear regression model showed a significant association between DAI and AD-PS scores overall. While the AD-PS scores were created as a measure of dementia risk, our analyses suggest that they could also be capturing brain aging.
Technical Report: Impact of Position Bias on Language Models in Token Classification
Creators: name: Amor, Mehdi Ben
name: Granitzer, Michael
name: Mitrović, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Language Models (LMs) have shown state-of-the-art performance in Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Downstream tasks such as Named Entity Recognition (NER) or Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging are known to suffer from data imbalance issues, particularly regarding the ratio of positive to negative examples and class disparities. This paper investigates an often-overlooked issue of encoder models, specifically the position bias of positive examples in token classification tasks. For completeness, we also include decoders in the evaluation. We evaluate the impact of position bias using different position embedding techniques, focusing on BERT with Absolute Position Embedding (APE), Relative Position Embedding (RPE), and Rotary Position Embedding (RoPE). Therefore, we conduct an in-depth evaluation of the impact of position bias on the performance of LMs when fine-tuned on token classification benchmarks. Our study includes CoNLL03 and OntoNote5.0 for NER, English Tree Bank UD\_en, and TweeBank for POS tagging. We propose an evaluation approach to investigate position bias in transformer models. We show that LMs can suffer from this bias with an average drop ranging from 3\% to 9\% in their performance. To mitigate this effect, we propose two methods: Random Position Shifting and Context Perturbation, that we apply on batches during the training process. The results show an improvement of $\approx$ 2\% in the performance of the model on CoNLL03, UD\_en, and TweeBank.
description: Updated content of the preprint
Using natural language processing to identify opioid use disorder in electronic health record data
Creators: name: Akpunonu, P.D
name: Abner, E.L
name: Kucharska-Newton, A.M
name: Singleton, J
name: Li, C
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Year: 2023

description: Background: As opioid prescriptions have risen, there has also been an increase in opioid use disorder (OUD) and its adverse outcomes. Accurate and complete epidemiologic surveillance of OUD, to inform prevention strategies, presents challenges. The objective of this study was to ascertain prevalence of OUD using two methods to identify OUD in electronic health records (EHR): applying natural language processing (NLP) for text mining of unstructured clinical notes and using ICD-10-CM diagnostic codes. Methods: Data were drawn from EHR records for hospital and emergency department patient visits to a large regional academic medical center from 2017 to 2019. International Classification of Disease, 10th Edition, Clinic Modification (ICD-10-CM) discharge codes were extracted for each visit. To develop the rule-based NLP algorithm, a stepwise process was used. First, a small sample of visits from 2017 was used to develop initial dictionaries. Next, EHR corresponding to 30,124 visits from 2018 were used to develop and evaluate the rule-based algorithm. A random sample of the results were manually reviewed to identify and address shortcomings in the algorithm, and to estimate sensitivity and specificity of the two methods of ascertainment. Last, the final algorithm was then applied to 29,212 visits from 2019 to estimate OUD prevalence. Results: While there was substantial overlap in the identified records (n = 1,381 [59.2 %]), overall n = 2,332 unique visits were identified. Of the total unique visits, 430 (18.4 %) were identified only by ICD-10-CM codes, and 521 (22.3 %) were identified only by NLP. The prevalence of visits with evidence of an OUD diagnosis in this sample, ascertained using only ICD-10-CM codes, was 1,811/29,212 (6.1 %). Including the additional 521 visits identified only by NLP, the estimated prevalence of OUD is 2,332/29,212 (7.9 %), an increase of 29.5 % compared to the use of ICD-10-CM codes alone. The estimated sensitivity and specificity of the NLP-based OUD classification were 81.8 % and 97.5 %, respectively, relative to gold-standard manual review by an expert addiction medicine physician. Conclusion: NLP-based algorithms can automate data extraction and identify evidence of opioid use disorder from unstructured electronic healthcare records. The most complete ascertainment of OUD in EHR was combined NLP with ICD-10-CM codes. NLP should be considered for epidemiological studies involving EHR data.
Josse-Joseph Jacquerie
Creators: name: Plouvain, Pierre-Antoine-Samuel-Joseph (1754-1832)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017
Subjects: Officier de justice d'Ancien Régime

description: Source: http://www.sudoc.fr/080675700
description: Coverage: Parlement de Flandre
Spousal Cognitive Status and Risk for Declining Cognitive Function and Dementia: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Creators: name: Lutsey, P.L
name: Windham, B.G
name: Lee, M
name: Palta, P
name: Shippee, T
name: Kucharska-Newton, A
name: Demmer, R.T
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Inc.
Year: 2023

description: Objectives: We investigated the relationship between the cognitive status of participants’ spouses and participants’ own cognitive outcomes, controlling for mid-life factors. Methods: Participants (n = 1845; baseline age 66–90 years) from the prospective Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study were followed from 2011 to 2019. We used linear regression and Cox proportional hazard models to estimate whether spouses of people with MCI/dementia had lower cognitive functioning and elevated risk of incident dementia. Results: Having a spouse with MCI/dementia was associated with a deficit in cognitive function (b = −0.09 standard deviations; 95% CI = −0.18, 0.00). Adjustment for mid-life risk factors attenuated this association (b = −0.02 standard deviations; 95% CI = −0.10, 0.06). We observed no significant relationship between spousal MCI/dementia status and incident dementia (hazard ratio = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.69, 1.38). Discussion: Spousal cognitive status is not associated with poor cognitive outcomes independent of mid-life factors.
THE FASHION CONSUMPTION AND AGEING / O CONSUMO DE MODA E O ENVELHECIMENTO
Creators: name: Reinke, Carlos
name: Prodanov, Laura Schemes
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 120306 Textile and Fashion Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: This paper has the aim to understand the relationship that mature women have with fashion, a field in which this target audience is constantly neglected. To do this, a thorough analysis of old age is made, based on old people’s views on the subject as well as from the point of view of the market that caters for them. In relation to fashion, we identify the process of choosing a garment, in Brazil and also internationally, observing the contrasts between the different audiences and brands. The methodology applied is exploratory and bibliographic research, with the objective to understand certain consumer groups of female gender and of an advanced age to.____________________________________________ Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender como se dá a relação da mulher com mais de 65 anos com a moda, campo no qual este público é constantemente negligenciado. Para tanto, faz-se um levantamento acerca da velhice sob o ponto de vista dos indivíduos em idade avançada, bem como aos olhos do consumo. Na moda, identifica-se como se dá a relação entre as escolhas de vestuário no Brasil e também em âmbito internacional, observando as diferenças entre o público consumidor e entre as marcas. A metodologia utilizada é a pesquisa exploratória e a bibliográfica, objetivando-se compreender certos grupos de consumidores do sexo feminino em idade avançada.
Post-acute Ambulatory Care Service Use among Patients Discharged Home after Stroke or TIA: The Cluster-randomized COMPASS Study
Creators: name: Freburger, J.K
name: Psioda, M.A
name: Daras, L.C
name: Jones, S.B
name: Halladay, J.R
name: Coleman, S.W
name: Kucharska-Newton, A.M
name: Cummings, D.M
name: Rosamond, W.D
name: Bushnell, C.D
name: Johnson, A.M
name: Duncan, P.W
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2023

description: Background and Objectives: We examined transitional care management within 90 days and 1 year following discharge home among acute stroke and transient ischemic attack patients from the Comprehensive Post-Acute Stroke Services (COMPASS) Study, a cluster-randomized pragmatic trial of early supported discharge conducted in 41 hospitals (40 hospital units) in North Carolina, United States. Methods: Data for 2262 of the total 6024 (37.6%; 1069 intervention and 1193 usual care) COMPASS patients were linked with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services fee-for-service Medicare claims. Time to the first ambulatory care visit was examined using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for patient characteristics not included in the randomization protocol. Results: Only 6% of the patients [mean (SD) age 74.9 (10.2) years, 52.1% women, 80.3% White)] did not have an ambulatory care visit within 90 days postdischarge. Mean time (SD) to first ambulatory care visit was 12.0 (26.0) and 16.3 (35.1) days in intervention and usual care arms, respectively, with the majority of visits in both study arms to primary care providers. The COMPASS intervention resulted in a 27% greater use of ambulatory care services within 1 year postdischarge, relative to usual care [HR=1.27 (95% CI: 1.14-1.41)]. The use of transitional care billing codes was significantly greater in the intervention arm as compared with usual care [OR=1.87 (95% CI: 1.54-2.27)]. Discussion: The COMPASS intervention, which was aimed at improving stroke post-acute care, was associated with an increase in the use of ambulatory care services by stroke and transient ischemic attack patients discharged home and an increased use of transitional care billing codes by ambulatory providers.
Differences in incident and recurrent myocardial infarction among White and Black individuals aged 35 to 84: Findings from the ARIC community surveillance study
Creators: name: Kucharska-Newton, A
name: Koton, S
name: Matsushita, K
name: Mok, Y
name: Islek, D
name: Ali, M.K
name: Rosamond, W
name: Blaha, M.J
name: Alonso, A
name: Vaccarino, V
name: Manatunga, A
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2022

description: Background: No previous study has examined racial differences in recurrent acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a community population. We aimed to examine racial differences in recurrent AMI risk, along with first AMI risk in a community population. Methods: The community surveillance of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (2005-2014) included 470,000 people 35 to 84 years old in 4 U.S. communities. Hospitalizations for recurrent and first AMI were identified from ICD-9-CM discharge codes. Poisson regression models were used to compare recurrent and first AMI risk ratios between Black and White residents. Results: Recurrent and first AMI risk per 1,000 persons were 8.8 (95% CI, 8.3-9.2) and 20.7 (95% CI, 20.0-21.4) in Black men, 6.8 (95% CI, 6.5-7.0) and 14.1 (95% CI, 13.8-14.5) in White men, 5.3 (95% CI, 5.0-5.7) and 16.2 (95% CI, 15.6-16.8) in Black women, and 3.1 (95% CI, 3.0-3.3) and 8.8 (95% CI, 8.6-9.0) in White women, respectively. The age-adjusted risk ratios (RR) of recurrent AMI were higher in Black men vs White men (RR, 1.58 95% CI, 1.30-1.92) and Black women vs White women (RR, 2.09 95% CI, 1.64-2.66). The corresponding RRs were slightly lower for first AMI: Black men vs White men, RR, 1.49 (95% CI, 1.30-1.71) and Black women vs White women, RR, 1.65 (95% CI, 1.42-1.92) Conclusions: Large disparities exist by race for recurrent AMI risk in the community. The magnitude of disparities is stronger for recurrent events than for first events, and particularly among women.
Additional file 3 of Feasibility, acceptability, and short-term impact of a brief sexually transmitted infection intervention targeting U.S. Military personnel and family members
Creators: name: Kunz, Anjali
name: Moodley, Amber
name: Colby, Donn J.
name: Soltis, Michele
name: Robb-McGrath, Wesley
name: Fairchok, Alexandra
name: Faestel, Paul
name: Jungels, Amanda
name: Bender, Alexis A.
name: Kamau, Edwin
name: Wingood, Gina
name: DiClemente, Ralph
name: Scott, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Feedback Form.
Emergency department utilization after hospitalization discharge for acute stroke: The COMprehensive Post-Acute Stroke Services (COMPASS) study
Creators: name: Rosamond, W.D
name: Kucharska-Newton, A.M
name: Schilsky, S.R
name: Patel, M.D
name: Jones, S.B
name: Psioda, M.A
name: Lutz, B.J
name: Duncan, P.W
name: Johnson, A.M
name: Coleman, S.W
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Each year nearly 800,000 people in the United States experience a stroke. Those that survive are at high risk for complications after hospital discharge. Providing appropriate care during the recovery from this complex condition is a challenge for patients, caregivers, and health care providers. Understanding emergency department (ED) utilization after a stroke may provide insights into long-term management of stroke, inform interventions, improve patient outcomes, and reduce medical costs. A comprehensive transitional care model for post-acute stroke care may influence the need to seek ED care for downstream events after a stroke. To date, most transitional care trials exploring post-stroke healthcare utilization were conducted outside of the U.S. health-care system. We examined data from the Comprehensive Post-Acute Stroke Services (COMPASS) study, a cluster-randomized pragmatic trial of a post-discharge transitional care model for stroke survivors and their caregivers compared with usual care.
Determination of Phosphatidylcholine in Shrimp by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Creators: name: Zhou, Li
name: Wang, Yan
name: Wang, Xiaolin
name: Liang, Yi
name: Huang, Zheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The molecular species of phosphatidylcholine from freshwater sources (Macrobranchium nipponense and Macrobranchium rosenbergii) and marine sources (Euphausia superba and Penaeus chinesis) were characterized by high-resolution mass spectrometry. The tandem secondary mass spectrometry (MS/MS) fragmentation allowed for the identification of fatty acyl residues of phosphatidylcholine molecular species. (16:0–18:1)Phosphatidylcholine was the main phosphatidylcholine molecular species determined in all shrimp samples, especially in E. superba. Macrobranchium rosenbergii phosphatidylcholine was particularly rich in (16:0–20:5)phosphatidylcholine and (16:0–22:6)phosphatidylcholine. The proportion of the two molecular species was next to the phosphatidylcholine of E. superba. Therefore, M. rosenbergii appears to be a potential freshwater source for the supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6). This approach may be used as an efficient method for the identification of natural phosphatidylcholine sources from the broad range of plant, animal, and marine origins.
Life-Course Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Cardiovascular Events in Black and White Adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Creators: name: Kucharska-Newton, A
name: Heiss, G
name: Whitsel, E.A
name: Love, S.-A.M
name: Bey, G
name: Xiao, Q
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2022

description: It has been reported that residents of low–socioeconomic-status (SES) neighborhoods have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, most of the previous studies focused on 1-time measurement of neighborhood SES in middle-to-older adulthood and lacked demographic diversity to allow for comparisons across different race/ethnicity and sex groups. We examined neighborhood SES in childhood and young, middle, and older adulthood in association with CVD risk among Black and White men and women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (1996–2019). We found that lower neighborhood SES in young, middle, and older adulthood, but not in childhood, was associated with a higher risk of CVD later in life. When compared with the highest quartile, the lowest quartile of neighborhood SES in young, middle, and older adulthood was associated with 18% (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02, 1.36), 21% (HR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.39), and 12% (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.26) increases in the hazard of total CVD, respectively. The association between lower neighborhood SES in older adulthood and higher CVD hazard was particularly strong among Black women. Our study findings support the role of neighborhood SES in cardiovascular health in both Black and White adults.
Skilled Nursing and Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility Use by Medicare Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries Discharged Home After a Stroke: Findings From the COMPASS Trial
Creators: name: COMPASS team
name: Bushnell, C.D
name: Coleman, S.W
name: Rosamond, W.D
name: Peter, K.M
name: Jones, S.B
name: Kucharska-Newton, A.M
name: Johnson, A.M
name: Psioda, M.A
name: Duncan, P.W
name: Pastva, A.M
name: Freburger, J.K
Publisher: name: W.B. Saunders
Year: 2022

description: Objectives: To examine the effect of a comprehensive transitional care model on the use of skilled nursing facility (SNF) and inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) care in the 12 months after acute care discharge home following stroke; and to identify predictors of experiencing a SNF or IRF admission following discharge home after stroke. Design: Cluster randomized pragmatic trial Setting: Forty-one acute care hospitals in North Carolina. Participants: 2262 Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with transient ischemic attack or stroke discharged home. The sample was 80.3% White and 52.1% female, with a mean (SD) age of 74.9 (10.2) years and a mean ± SD National Institutes of Health stroke scale score of 2.3 (3.7). Intervention: Comprehensive transitional care model (COMPASS-TC), which consisted of a 2-day follow-up phone call from the postacute care coordinator and 14-day in-person visit with the postacute care coordinator and advanced practice provider. Main Outcome Measures: Time to first SNF or IRF and SNF or IRF admission (yes/no) in the 12 months following discharge home. All analyses utilized multivariable mixed models including a hospital-specific random effect to account for the non-independence of measures within hospital. Intent to treat analyses using Cox proportional hazards regression assessed the effect of COMPASS-TC on time to SNF/IRF admission. Logistic regression was used to identify clinical and non-clinical predictors of SNF/IRF admission. Results: Only 34% of patients in the intervention arm received COMPASS-TC per protocol. COMPASS-TC was not associated with a reduced hazard of a SNF/ IRF admission in the 12 months post-discharge (hazard ratio, 1.20, with a range of 0.95-1.52) compared to usual care. This estimate was robust to additional covariate adjustment (hazard ratio, 1.23) (0.93-1.64). Both clinical and non-clinical factors (ie, insurance, geography) were predictors of SNF/IRF use. Conclusions: COMPASS-TC was not consistently incorporated into real-world clinical practice. The use of a comprehensive transitional care model for patients discharged home after stroke was not associated with SNF or IRF admissions in a 12-month follow-up period. Non-clinical factors predictive of SNF/IRF use suggest potential issues with access to this type of care.
Associations of lower-limb atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis with cardiovascular risk factors and disease in older adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study
Creators: name: Faulkner, J
name: Heffernan, K
name: Tanaka, H
name: Kucharska-Newton, A
name: Stoner, L
name: Zieff, G
name: Fryer, S
name: Paterson, C
name: Matsushita, K
name: Stone, K
name: Meyer, M.L
name: Hughes, T.M
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Background & aims: Atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis contribute to vascular aging and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Both processes can be assessed simply in the lower-limbs and reflect systemic pathology. However, only atherosclerosis is routinely assessed, typically via ankle-brachial index (ABI). Arteriosclerosis can be assessed using femoral-ankle pulse wave velocity (faPWV), but no studies have identified whether ABI and faPWV similarly associate with overt CVD and risk factors, nor whether faPWV confers additional information. The aims of this study were to (i) compare associations of ABI and faPWV with traditional CVD risk factors, including age, sex, systolic blood pressure (SBP), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC), smoking, and diabetes; and (ii) determine the independent and additive associations of ABI and faPWV with a composite measure of prevalent CVD. Methods: We evaluated ABI and faPWV in 4330 older-aged (75.3 ± 5.0 years) adults using an oscillometric screening device. Associations between ABI and faPWV with CVD risk factors and CVD were determined using mixed-model linear- and logistic-regression. Results: ABI and faPWV were associated with age, HDL, and smoking. ABI was associated with sex, TC, diabetes. faPWV was associated with SBP. Both ABI and faPWV were inversely associated with CVD. Low ABI (≤0.9 vs. >0.9) and low faPWV (≤9.94 vs. >9.94) increased the odds of CVD by 2.41-fold (95% CI:1.85,3.17) and 1.46-fold (95% CI:1.23,1.74), respectively. The inverse association between faPWV and CVD was independent of ABI and CVD risk factors. Conclusions: ABI and faPWV, measures of lower-limb atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis, are independently associated with CVD risk factors and prevalent CVD. Assessment of faPWV may confer additional risk information beyond ABI.
Additional file 1 of Response of soil microbial community structure and function to different altitudes in arid valley in Panzhihua, China
Creators: name: Zhang, Runji
name: Tian, Xianrui
name: Xiang, Quanju
name: Penttinen, Petri
name: Gu, Yunfu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the soil sample under the treatments of different elevations. High, altitude 2000 m a.s.l.; medium, altitude 1800 m a.s.l.; low, altitude 1600 m a.s.l.
Welcome from the TVX2017 Workshop Chairs
Creators: name: Moor, Katrien De
name: Kaiser, Rene
name: Hokyoung Ryu Blake
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 80602 Computer-Human Interaction
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Workshops have been an integral part of the ACM TVX conference ever since its establishment in 2014, succeeding the EuroITV conference series. Workshops at TVX are a forum for interactive, open discussion and even practical exercises, typically addressing specific or novel topics and emerging areas
Additional file 1 of Diet-induced obesity impairs spermatogenesis: the critical role of NLRP3 in Sertoli cells
Creators: name: Mu, Yang
name: Yin, Tai-lang
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Yang, Jing
name: Wu, Yan-ting
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. NLRP3 overexpression induced NF-κB activation was largely attenuated by the IL-1β neutralizing antibody. *P< 0.05 vs the matched control. Figure S2. SCs-derived NLRP3 impaired testosterone production via IL-1β secretion. (A-C) The testosterone production in TM3 cells (n=6). (D) The mRNA levels of steroidogenic enzymes in TM3 cells after incubation with an IL-1β neutralizing antibody for 24 h (n=6). Data are presented as the mean ± SD. For B, statistical analysis was carried out by Student’s two-tailed t-test; for others statistical analysis was carried out by one-way ANOVA. CM: The medium collected from TM4 cells with NC; NM: The medium collected from TM4 cells with NLRP3 overexpression; *P< 0.05 vs the matched control. Figure S3. SCs-derived NLRP3 impaired sperm performance via IL-1β secretion. (A-B) Sperm viability and motility after NLRP3 inhibition (n=6). (C-D) Sperm viability and motility after IL-1β incubation for 12 hours (n=6). (E-F) Sperm viability and motility after IL-1β antibody treatment (n=6). For C-D, statistical analysis was carried out by Student’s two-tailed t-test; for others statistical analysis was carried out by one-way ANOVA. CM: The medium collected from TM4 cells with NC; NM: The medium collected from TM4 cells with NLRP3 overexpression. *P< 0.05 vs the matched control. Figure S4. The expression of P-ACC in TM4 cells (n=6). Statistical analysis was carried out by Student’s two-tailed t-test. *P<0.05 versus the matched control. Figure S5. miR-451 expression in several cells. (A) The expression of miR-451 in primary SCs and testicular macrophages (n=3-4). (B-C) The expression of miR-451 in TM4 cells (n=6). Statistical analysis was carried out by Student’s two-tailed t-test. *P<0.05 versus the matched control. Figure S6. miR-451 inhibition lost protection in AMPKα-deficient mice. (A) The expression of miR-451 in the testes of obese mice (n=6). (B) The blot of AMPK in the testes. (C) Sperm count, sperm viability and motility (n=6). (D) Serum testosterone production of obese mice (n=6). (E) The mRNA levels of steroidogenic enzymes in the testes of obese mice (n=6). For A, statistical analysis was carried out by Student’s two-tailed t-test; for others statistical analysis was carried out by one-way ANOVA. *P< 0.05 vs the matched control.
An evaluation of injurious falls and Fall-Risk-Increasing-Drug (FRID) prescribing in ambulatory care in older adults
Creators: name: Elliott, T.R
name: Abner, E.L
name: Westneat, S
name: Karanth, S.D
name: Moga, D.C
name: Kucharska-Newton, A.M
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Background: Falls are a major public health problem affecting millions of older adults each year. Little is known about FRID prescribing behaviors after injurious falls occur. The primary objective of this study was to investigate whether an injurious fall is associated with being prescribed a new FRID. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (2016). We included visits from patients age ≥ 65 years and classified visits based on presence of an injurious fall. The outcome of interest was prescription of new FRID between those with and without an injurious fall. Multivariable logistic regression weighted for sampling and adjusted for demographics, health history and other medications was used. Age and Alzheimer’s disease were examined as potential effect measure modifiers. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were reported. Bayes factor upper bounds were also reported to quantify whether the data were better predicted by the null hypothesis or the alternative hypothesis. Results: The sample included 239,016,482 ambulatory care visits. 5,095,734 (2.1%) of the visits were related to an injurious fall. An injurious fall was associated with a non-statistically significant increase in odds of at least one new FRID prescription: adjusted OR = 1.6 (95% CI 0.6, 4.0). However, there was non-statistically significant evidence that the association depended on patient age, with OR = 2.6 (95% CI 0.9, 7.4) for ages 65–74 versus OR = 0.4 (95% CI 0.1, 1.6) for ages ≥ 75. In addition to age, Alzheimer’s disease was also identified as a statistically significant effect measure modifier, but stratum specific estimates were not determined due to small sample sizes. Conclusions: Ambulatory care visits involving an injurious fall showed a non-statistically significant increase in odds of generating a new FRID prescription, but this association may depend on age.
Additional file 1 of Treatment of recurrent renal transplant lithiasis: analysis of our experience and review of the relevant literature
Creators: name: Li, Xiaohang
name: Li, Baifeng
name: Meng, Yiman
name: Yang, Lei
name: Wu, Gang
name: Jing, Hongwei
name: Bi, Jianbin
name: Zhang, Jialin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Marine Biology
Cancer
Hematology
Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Characteristics of the retrieved relevant studies.
Use of troponins in the classification of myocardial infarction from electronic health records. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Creators: name: Wagenknecht, L
name: Loop, M.S
name: Heiss, G
name: Bullo, M
name: Moore, C
name: Haas, S.W
name: Whitsel, E.A
name: Kucharska-Newton, A.M
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Objective: Electronic health record (EHR) data are underutilized for abstracting classification criteria for heart disease. We compared extraction of EHR data on troponin I and T levels with human abstraction. Methods: Using EHR for hospitalizations identified through the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study in four US hospitals, we compared blood levels of troponins I and T extracted from EHR structured data elements with levels obtained through data abstraction by human abstractors to 3 decimal places. Observations were divided randomly 50/50 into training and validation sets. Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models were used to estimate agreement by hospital in first and maximum troponin levels, troponin assessment date, troponin upper limit of normal (ULN), and classification of troponin levels as normal (< ULN), equivocal (1-2× ULN), abnormal (>2× ULN), or missing. Results: Estimated overall agreement in first measured troponin level in the validation data was 88.2% (95% credible interval: 65.0%-97.5%) and 95.5% (91.2-98.2%) for the maximum troponin level observed during hospitalization. The largest variation in probability of agreement was for first troponin measured, which ranged from 66.4% to 95.8% among hospitals. Conclusion: Extraction of maximum troponin values during a hospitalization from EHR structured data is feasible and accurate.
Pollutant Recognition Based on Supervised Machine Learning for Indoor Air Quality Monitoring Systems
Creators: name: Andrew, Allan Melvin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 50206 Environmental Monitoring
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: 90703 Environmental Technologies
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Indoor air may be polluted by various types of pollutants which may come from cleaningproducts, construction activities, perfumes, cigarette smoke, water-damaged building materials andoutdoor pollutants. Although these gases are usually safe for humans, they could be hazardousif their amount exceeded certain limits of exposure for human health. A sophisticated indoor airquality (IAQ) monitoring system which could classify the specific type of pollutants is very helpful.This study proposes an enhanced indoor air quality monitoring system (IAQMS) which couldrecognize the pollutants by utilizing supervised machine learning algorithms: multilayer perceptron(MLP), K-nearest neighbour (KNN) and linear discrimination analysis (LDA). Five sources of indoorair pollutants have been tested: ambient air, combustion activity, presence of chemicals, presenceof fragrances and presence of food and beverages. The results showed that the three algorithmssuccessfully classify the five sources of indoor air pollution (IAP) with a classification rate of up to100 percent. An MLP classifier with a model structure of 9-3-5 has been chosen to be embedded intothe IAQMS. The system has also been tested with all sources of IAP presented together. The resultshows that the system is able to classify when single and two mixed sources are presented together.However, when more than two sources of IAP are presented at the same period, the system willclassify the sources as ‘unknown’, because the system cannot recognize the input of the new pattern.
Life's Simple 7 at Midlife and Risk of Recurrent Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality after Stroke: The ARIC study
Creators: name: Sarfo, F.S
name: Mok, Y
name: Rosamond, W.D
name: Palta, P
name: Kucharska-Newton, A
name: Coresh, J
name: Matsushita, K
name: Commodore-Mensah, Y
name: Koton, S
name: Gottesman, R.F
Publisher: name: W.B. Saunders
Year: 2022

description: Background: Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults in the U.S. Ideal levels of the Life's Simple 7 (LS7) are associated with lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. However, the association of LS7 with CVD, recurrent stroke, and all-cause mortality after incident stroke is unknown. Methods: We used data from the ARIC study, a cohort of 13,508 adults from four US communities, 45–64 years old at baseline (1987–1989). Cardiovascular hospitalizations and mortality were ascertained in follow-up through December 31st, 2017. We defined cardiovascular health (CVH) based on AHA definitions for LS7 (range 0-14) and categorized CVH into four levels: LS7 0-3, 4-6, 7-9, and ≥10 (ideal LS7), according to prior studies. Outcomes included incident stroke, CVD, recurrent stroke, all-cause mortality, and a composite outcome including all the above. Adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) were estimated with Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results: Median (25%-75%) follow-up for incident stroke was 28 (18.6-29.2) years. Participants with incident stroke were 55.7 (SD 5.6) years-old at baseline, 53% were women and 35% Black. Individuals with LS7 score ≥10 had 65% lower risk (HR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.29-0.41) of incident stroke than those with LS7 4-6 (reference group). Of 1,218 participants with incident stroke, 41.2% (n=502) had composite CVD and 68.3% (n=832) died during a median (25%-75%) follow-up of 4.0 (0.76-9.95) years. Adjusted HR (95% CI) for stroke survivors with LS7≥10 at baseline were 0.74 (0.58-0.94) for the composite outcome, 0.38(0.17-0.85) for myocardial infarction, 0.60 (0.40-0.90) for heart failure, 0.63 (0.48-0.84) for all-cause mortality, and 0.65 (0.39-1.08) for recurrent stroke. Conclusions: Good and excellent midlife cardiovascular health are associated with lower risks of incident stroke and CVD after stroke. Clinicians should stress the importance of a healthy lifestyle for primary and secondary CVD prevention.
Hadronic Light by Light Corrections to the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment
Creators: name: Melo-Porras, Daniel
name: Rojas, Edilson Alfonso Reyes
name: Fazio, Angelo Raffaele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the Hadronic Light-by-Light (HLbL) contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. Upcoming measurements will reduce the experimental uncertainty of this precision observable by a factor of four, thus breaking the current balance with the theoretical prediction. A necessary step to restore it is to decrease the HLbL contribution error, which implies a study of the high-energy intermediate states that are neglected in dispersive estimates. We focus on the maximally symmetric high-energy regime and in quark loop approximation of perturbation theory we check the kinematic-singularity/zero-free tensor decomposition of the HLbL amplitude.
description: 96 pages, 18 figures, Master's thesis (first version) 67 pages, 15 figures, submitted review article (second version)
Biodiversity Sustainability of Phytomedicine Research: a 3-dimensions analysis around the North-South divide.
Creators: name: GORRY, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 50202 Conservation and Biodiversity
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The IP rights connected with the use of medicinal plants have been debated worldwide but no one’s have assessed in the scientific literature, the output of the research and the extend of patent protection in phytomedicine, to get an understanding of the market organization across North-South divide. We undertook a 3-dimensions analysis with Science and Technology Indicators to analyze the biodiversity distribution, the research trends on medicinal plants, the patent landscaping and the competitive positioning of economic agents. Phytomedicine research has undergone a tremendous increase followed by an accelerated worldwide patent protection strategy. It is sustained by BRICS countries academic research. Only China seems to translate research discoveries in protected inventions. This mapping is improving the transparency of phytomedicine IP rights. Thoses results will provide technology transfer strategic information for the academics and foster open innovation partnership model.
Additional file 2 of Response of soil microbial community structure and function to different altitudes in arid valley in Panzhihua, China
Creators: name: Zhang, Runji
name: Tian, Xianrui
name: Xiang, Quanju
name: Penttinen, Petri
name: Gu, Yunfu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Correlation between soil properties across all samples in the three altitudes.
Midlife Cardiovascular Health and Robust Versus Frail Late-Life Status: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Creators: name: Kucharska-Newton, A
name: Griswold, M
name: Windham, B.G
name: Burgard, S
name: Ranadive, R
name: Palta, P
name: Folsom, A.R
name: Petruski-Ivleva, N
name: Bandeen-Roche, K
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2022

description: Background: We examined the relationship of midlife cardiovascular health (CVH) with late-life robustness among men and women and the impact of survivorship bias on sex differences in robustness. Methods: Prospective analysis of 15 744 participants aged 45-64 (visit 1 median age: 54 years, 55% female, 27% Black) in 1987-1989 from the population-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. CVH was operationalized according to the Life's Simple 7 (LS7) metric of health behaviors (smoking, weight, physical activity, diet, cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose); each behavior was scored as ideal (2 points), intermediate (1 point), or poor (0 points) and summed. Late-life robust/prefrail/frailty was defined at visit 5 (2011-2013). Multinomial regression estimated relative prevalence ratios (RPRs) of late-life robustness/prefrailty/frailty/death across overall midlife LS7 score and components, for the full visit 1 sample. Separate analyses considered visit 5 survivors-only. Results: For each 1-unit greater midlife LS7 score, participants had a 37% higher relative prevalence of being robust versus frail (overall RPR = 1.37 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 1.30-1.44]; women = 1.45 [1.36-1.54]; men = 1.24 [1.13-1.36]). Among the full visit 1 sample, women had a similar 1-level higher robustness category prevalence (RPR = 1.35 [95% CI: 1.32-1.39]) than men (RPR = 1.31 [95% CI: 1.27-1.35]) for every 1-unit higher midlife LS7 score. Among survivors, men were more likely to be robust than women at lower LS7 levels; differences were attenuated and not statistically different at higher midlife LS7 levels. Conclusions: Midlife CVH is positively associated with robustness in late life among men and women. Accounting for mortality in part explains documented sex differences in robustness across all levels of LS7.
Hilbert Space and Pseudo-Riemannian Space: The Common Base of Quantum Information
Creators: name: Васил Пенчев
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity
subject: 20603 Quantum Information, Computation and Communication
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Quantum Mechanics

description: Hilbert space underlying quantum mechanics and pseudo-Riemannian space underlying general relativity share a common base of quantum information. Hilbert space can be interpreted as the free variable of quantum information, and any point in it, being equivalent to a wave function (and thus, to a state of a quantum system), as a value of that variable of quantum information. In turn, pseudo-Riemannian space can be interpreted as the interaction of two or more quantities of quantum information and thus, as two or more entangled quantum systems. Consequently, one can distinguish local physical interactions describable by a single Hilbert space (or by any factorizable tensor product of such ones) and non-local physical interactions describable only by means by that Hilbert space, which cannot be factorized as any tensor product of the Hilbert spaces, by means of which one can describe the interacting quantum subsystems separately. Any interaction, which can be exhaustedly described in a single Hilbert space, such as the weak, strong, and electromagnetic one, is local in terms of quantum information. Any interaction, which cannot be described thus, is nonlocal in terms of quantum information. Any interaction, which is exhaustedly describable by pseudo-Riemannian space, such as gravity, is nonlocal in this sense. Consequently all known physical interaction can be described by a single geometrical base interpreting it in terms of quantum information.
Additional file 3 of Response of soil microbial community structure and function to different altitudes in arid valley in Panzhihua, China
Creators: name: Zhang, Runji
name: Tian, Xianrui
name: Xiang, Quanju
name: Penttinen, Petri
name: Gu, Yunfu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. The relationships between community composition and standardized soil properties at low (1600 m a.s.l.), medium (1800 m a.s.l.) and high (2000 m a.s.l.) altitudes, tested using distance-based redundancy analysis.
Association of Head Injury with Late-Onset Epilepsy: Results from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Cohort
Creators: name: Johnson, E.L
name: Kucharska-Newton, A
name: Huang, J
name: Schneider, A.L.C
name: Diaz-Arrastia, R
name: Gugger, J
name: Gottesman, R.F
name: Krauss, G.L
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2022

description: Background and Objectives Late-onset epilepsy (LOE; i.e., epilepsy starting in later adulthood) affects a significant number of individuals. Head injury is also a risk factor for acquired epilepsy, but the degree to which prior head injury may contribute to LOE is less well understood. Our objective was to determine the association between head injury and subsequent development of LOE. Methods Included were 8,872 participants enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study with continuous Centers for Medicare Services fee-for-service (FFS) coverage (55.1% women, 21.6% Black). We identified head injuries through 2018 from linked Medicare fee for service claims for inpatient/emergency department care, active surveillance of hospitalizations, and participant self-report. LOE cases through 2018 were identified from linked Medicare FFS claims. We used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate associations of head injury with LOE, adjusting for demographic, cardiovascular, and lifestyle factors. Results The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for developing LOE after a history of head injury was 1.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.44-2.43). There was evidence for dose-response associations with greater risk for LOE with increasing number of prior head injuries (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01-1.88 for 1 prior head injury and HR 3.55, 95% CI 2.51-5.02 for 2+ prior head injuries, compared to no head injuries) and with more severe head injury (HR 2.53, 95% CI 1.83-3.49 for mild injury and HR 4.90, 95% CI 3.15-7.64 for moderate/severe injury, compared to no head injuries). Associations with LOE were significant for head injuries sustained at older age (age ≥67 years: HR 4.01, 95% CI 2.91-5.54), but not for head injuries sustained at younger age (age < 67 years: HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.68-1.41). Discussion Head injury was associated with increased risk of developing LOE, particularly when head injuries were sustained at an older age, and there was evidence for higher risk for LOE after a greater number of prior head injuries and after more severe head injuries. Classification of Evidence This study provides Class I evidence that an increased risk of late-onset epilepsy is associated with head injury and that this risk increases further with multiple and more severe head injuries.