cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A note of the index numbers of Italian industrial production
Creators: name: D’ELIA, E.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Italian industrial production, index numbers, statistics, Italy
subject: E23, L11

description: The reliability of index numbers on Italian industrial production worked out by the Italian Central Institute of Statistics has been and still is judged differently. The objection more particularly raised is that they present for the last three years an excessively optimistic situation as compared to the pre-war period. The present article clears up some methodological problems connected with their construction and points to certain factors which directly or indirectly confirm their reliability and accuracy. The author’s conclusions coincide with the considerations set forth in the Report of the Minister of the Treasury for 1950. JEL: E23, L11
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 4, N. 16 (1951)
title: Confini e parole. Identità e alterità nell’epica e nel romanzo - Atti del Convegno, 21-22 settembre 2017 Sapienza Università di Roma
Creators: name: PERROTTA, Annalisa
name: MAININI, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Sapienza Università Editrice
Year: 2020

description: Dove passa la linea che distingue l’Io dall’Altro nell’epica e nel romanzo medievali? Quale aspetto del sé – individuale o collettivo – si può identificare con questa distinzione? Quali parole, nelle varie opere, hanno valore identitario e costituiscono le radici culturali dell’immaginario alle origini della civiltà europea? A queste domande gli autori e le autrici di questo volume hanno risposto, prima in un Convegno e adesso in queste pagine, in una «inquietudine interrogante» che non coinvolge solo la «pratica» dell’identità ma anche lo studio delle sue manifestazioni in opere prodotte in ambiti culturali differenti, dall’epica al romanzo, alle traduzioni bibliche in versi, alla lirica araba medievale.
Rhaconotus pilosus GRANGER 1949
Creators: name: Madl, M.
name: Achterberg, C. Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Rhaconotus
Rhaconotus pilosus

description: Rhaconotus pilosus GRANGER 1949
 Rhaconotus pilosus n.sp.: GRANGER 1949: 127 (key), 132 (descr. ♂ ♀, Madagascar).
 Rhaconotus pilosus GRANGER 1949: SHENEFELT & MARSH 1976: 1340 (cat.).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Madagascar: Prov. Toliara: Bekily.
Endemic.
description: Published as part of Madl, M. & Achterberg, C. Van, 2014, A catalogue of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) of the Malagasy subregion, pp. 5-220 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 95, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4507364
Pseudeucoila (Pseudeucoila) rugipunctata Yoshimoto, n. sp.
Creators: name: Yoshimoto, Carl M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1962
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Figitidae
Pseudeucoila
Pseudeucoila rugipunctata

description: 6. Pseudeucoila (Pseudeucoila) rugipunctata Yoshimoto, n. sp. (fig. 5). Pemale: Ferrugineus to brownish; legs and antennal segments 1 to 7 testaceous, rim of scutellar cup yellowish. Front view of head as in figure 5; malar space equal to one-third height of eye; hairs on frons evenly spaced, forming a column at each side extending from base of antennal fossa to posterior margin of clypeus. Surface of mandible with few scattered long hairs. Segments of antennal club striate and elliptic; antennal segment 2 shorter than 3; segment 3 narrow, longer than 4 or 6. Pronotal plate 2.2 times as broad as deep, subrectangular, rounded at comers with slight emargination on median dorsal margin. Metapleuron with carina near posterior margin. Scutellar disc punctate with radiating ridges on posterior end; apical portion of lateral bar acuminate and reaching one-fourth distance of cup. Scutellar cup elliptical with two small pits, each with a fine hair at anterior part of lateral margin and a large, deep pit at posterior end. Propodeum with two parallel, strongly raised lines; lateral areas with dense minute hairs. Abdomen 0.7 times longer than broad. Tergite 2 with narrow hairy ring, and visible over three-fourths of its length; tergites 3 and 4 slightly visible at apex. Length 1.16 mm.; forewing 1.1-1.2 mm. Male : Unknown. Holotype, female (US 66364), Utagal I., Woleai Atoll, Sept. 26, 1952, Krauss. Paratypes, female, Talofofo, Guam, Aug. 1952, Krauss; female, Fadang, Guam, June 3, 1945, Dybas; female, Babelthuap I., Ngerchelong, May 7, 1957, Sabrosky; female, As Mahetog Area, Saipan I., Jan. 1, 1945, Dybas; female (KU), Colonia-Jokaji, Ponape, July 24, 1939, Esaki. Other specimens: Female, Wake, Peak I., July 1940, Lyon, hatched from rotted tomato root. DISTRIBUTION: S. Mariana Is., Eastern and Western Caroline Is., Eastern Micronesia, Wake I.
description: Published as part of Carl M. Yoshimoto, 1962, Hymenoptera: Eucoilinae (Cynipoidea), pp. 89-107 in Insects of Micronesia 19 (3) on pages 98-99, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.268892
The concept of liquidity in English banking
Creators: name: SAYERS, R.S.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: England, liquidity, English bankers, banking system, government paper
subject: G21

description: The article provides a clear synthesis of historical references, factual data, and technical explanations in order to illustrate the complexity of the ideas of liquidity now governing the practice of English bankers. Such complexity is not due only to the changed attitudes towards the rule of “self-liquidating paper”. The fallacy of that principal from the theoretical point of view is undoubted; but its “substantial sense” and “sound basis” at the operative level are still, in the author’s opinion, respectable - being the consequence of the limits of the banker’s experience. The complexity is also evident in the practical application of the “shiftability” principal, and therefore in their attitude towards government paper. The author concludes by focusing attention on the spirit of self-restraint and prudence which governs the present management of English banks in general, and which inspires specifically their concepts of liquidity. JEL: G21
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 4, N. 17 (1951)
The sterling area – part I
Creators: name: WIGHTMAN, D.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Sterling area, development, currency system
subject: E42

description: The article outlines the origins and the developments of the sterling area from the beginning of the last century to the eve of World War II. The author stresses the crucial events and the successive stages which transformed a mere set of commercial and financial connexions in a currency system in the nineteen thirties. “The pressing needs of war made it necessary to give the system statutory definition and subject it to a systemic regulation.” JEL: E42
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 4, N. 17 (1951)
title: Il fascino dei minerali. Un mondo di forme e colori
Creators: name: GAMBELLI, Claudio
Publisher: name: Sapienza Università Editrice
Year: 2020

description: L’idea di questo lavoro è nata dalla volontà di organizzare e sistemare la collezione di minerali dell’Autore e di preparare un semplice catalogo fotografico ragionato, arricchito con riferimenti di carattere generale sul sistema di classificazione e sulle principali caratteristiche dei minerali.

Nel corso di stesura del catalogo, però, è stato deciso di ampliare il lavoro trattando elementi di cristallografia e di crescita dei cristalli per meglio apprezzare il loro multiforme aspetto esteriore. I minerali, infatti, possono assumere forme geometriche regolari o sproporzionate, presentare facce caratterizzate da asperità, irregolarità, gradini, rientranze e cristallizzare con un’ampia variabilità morfologica rispetto ad altri. Per inquadrare, poi, l’affascinante mondo dei minerali nell’ambito delle Scienze della Terra, sono stati trattati i processi genetici di minerali e rocce nonché i principali giacimenti minerari, visti sotto l’ottica della geodinamica terrestre, di cui sono riportati alcuni elementi essenziali.

Il volume è stato strutturato in due parti principali.

La prima parte descrive i principi generali delle varie discipline che afferiscono al mondo dei minerali arricchita di figure e tabelle e comprende anche la descrizione sistematica di oltre 260 specie mineralogiche. Le discipline trattate riguardano la cristallografia, la mineralogia, i processi petrologici, la geodinamica terrestre e la giacimentologia.

La seconda parte è corredata di una raccolta di fotografie a colori di minerali, scattate dall’Autore, ad eccezione della foto della Grotta dei Cristalli di Naica di Paolo Petrignani, la cui pubblicazione è stata gentilmente concessa dall’Associazione La Venta Esplorazioni.
Bank capital in Italy (the impact of inflation and current prospects)
Creators: name: MENGHINI, G.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Italian banking system, bank capital, inflation, balance sheet, policy, ratios
subject: E31, G21

description: War and post-war inflationary movements have profoundly modified the ratios between “net worth” and “alien funds” of the Italian banking system, calling attention to the problem of bank capital, to which the present article is devoted. The author deals with the possibilities and the limits of a gradual strengthening of Italian bank capital, taking into account on the one hand the several items of the bank balance sheets which should be revalued, and on the other the changed economic and institutional conditions that would make a return to the pre-war coefficients impracticable and unnecessary. The author maintains that an effort for strengthening bank capital should come within the present aims of Italian banking policy. He concludes that “wishing to indicate a realistic and at the same time technically adequate proportion, one might consider an intermediary ratio between the ‘legal’ pre-war one (5% of deposits and current accounts) and the present average (2%); and consider the latter as a ‘limit’ ratio”. JEL: E31, G21
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 4, N. 17 (1951)
Italy’s tariff agreements at Torquay
Creators: name: PARBONI, S.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Italy, tariffs, international trade, imports, exports
subject: F10, F13

description: The article illustrates: a) the tariff reductions that have been granted by Italy to the other countries; b) the tariff facilities granted or consolidated in Italy’s favour, among which of particular importance are those obtained in Germany, Austria and the United States. JEL: F10, F13
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 4, N. 17 (1951)
title: A major wind farm development in a valued natural environment : a thematic discourse analysis of public responses to a proposed wind farm on the Island of Lewis, Scotland
Creators: name: Wemyss, Robert Duncan
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2013

description: Where it has been determined that government renewables targets can be met through the construction of onshore wind farms the number of rural land use conflicts has increased. This research used the proposed major wind farm on the Island of Lewis (the LWF) in Scotland as a case study to explore such contested perspectives of rural land use. This wind farm would have been located in a locally, nationally and internationally valued natural environment underpinned by national and international statutory protection. A structured thematic discourse analysis (IDA) was devised to analyse the intrinsic and utility values of the natural environment contained within stakeholders' planning submissions. Although relatively underutilised planning submissions proved to be a rich source of research data. The principal findings revealed the extent to which stakeholders' discourses of objection were shaped through interactions at different social and geographical levels and how narratives of rurality, biodiversity and landscape were socially constructed in stakeholders' discourses. The findings also demonstrated that a strong sense of place attachment and place association had been woven into stakeholders' discourses and provided a better explanation for motivating objections than either NIMBYism or inverse NIMBYism. The location of the LWF within statutory protected areas (PAs) influenced the composition of stakeholders' discourses in ways which challenged the more prevalent academic perception that the public regarded PAs as being top-down impositions which constituted 'scientific colonialism'. The impact of the LWF on environmental and sociocultural values was considered by stakeholders to be crucial in assessments of sustainability and quality of life. Perceptions of fairness and weaknesses in local governance and the communicative planning process were also important influences on stakeholders' discourses and their perception as to whether a decision reached on the LWF would be environmentally just.
Quantum Estimation in Strong Fields: in situ ponderomotive sensing
Creators: name: Maxwell, A. S.
name: Serafini, A.
name: Bose, S.
name: Faria, C. Figueira de Morisson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new framework to optimize and understand uncertainty from in situ strong field measurements of laser field parameters. We present the first derivation of quantum and classical Fisher information for an electron undergoing strong-field ionization. This is used for parameter estimation and to characterize the uncertainty of the ponderomotive energy, directly proportional to laser intensity. In particular, the quantum and classical Fisher information for the momentum basis displays quadratic scaling over time. This can be linked to above-threshold ionization interference rings for measurements in the momentum basis and to the `ponderomotive phase' for the `ideal' quantum measurements. Preferential scaling is found for increasing laser pulse length and intensity. We use this to demonstrate for in situ measurements of laser intensity, that high resolution momentum spectroscopy has the capacity to reduce the uncertainty by over $25$ times compared to measurements employing the ionization rate, while using the `ideal' quantum measurement would reduce it by a further factor of $2.6$. A minimum uncertainty of the order $2.8 \times 10^{-3}~\%$ is theorized for this framework. Finally, we examine previous in situ measurements formulating a measurement that matches the experimental procedure and suggest how to improve this.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, 51 equations
The plans for the development of depressed areas and the supremacy of the Western world
Creators: name: GINI, C.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Development, underdeveloped countries, policy, growth
subject: O11, O19, O20

description: The note takes up a position definitely critical of an indiscriminate application of Truman’s Point IV and, in particular, to its extension to tropical and equatorial lands. This controversial attitude is based on an outright appreciation of the danger which might arise for the supremacy of the Western peoples and Western civilisation. JEL: O11, O19, O20
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 4, N. 17 (1951)
Rhaconotus giganteus GRANGER 1949
Creators: name: Madl, M.
name: Achterberg, C. Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Rhaconotus
Rhaconotus giganteus

description: Rhaconotus giganteus GRANGER 1949
 Rhaconotus giganteus n.sp.: GRANGER 1949: 126 (key), 128 (descr. ♀, Madagascar).
 Rhaconotus giganteus GRANGER 1949: SHENEFELT & MARSH 1976: 1338 (cat.).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Madagascar: Prov. Toamasina: Baie d'Antongil.
Endemic.
description: Published as part of Madl, M. & Achterberg, C. Van, 2014, A catalogue of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) of the Malagasy subregion, pp. 5-220 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 95, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4507364
Additional file 9 of A systematic review of changing malaria disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa since 2000: comparing model predictions and empirical observations
Creators: name: Kamau, Alice
name: Polycarp Mogeni
name: Emelda A. Okiro
name: Snow, Robert W.
name: Bejon, Philip
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 9. Forest plot of ordered correlation between empirically recorded clinical incidence/test positivity rate of P. falciparum and MAP modelled predictions of clinical malaria disease incidence stratified by method of diagnosis.
Rhaconotus ruficollis GRANGER 1949
Creators: name: Madl, M.
name: Achterberg, C. Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Rhaconotus
Rhaconotus ruficollis

description: Rhaconotus ruficollis GRANGER 1949
 Rhaconotus ruficollis n.sp.: GRANGER 1949: 127 (key), 131 (descr. ♀, Madagascar).
 Rhaconotus ruficollis GRANGER 1949: SHENEFELT & MARSH 1976: 1340 (cat.).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Madagascar: Prov. Toliara: Ranomafana (leg. Seyrig).
Endemic.
description: Published as part of Madl, M. & Achterberg, C. Van, 2014, A catalogue of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) of the Malagasy subregion, pp. 5-220 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 95, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4507364
title: The programmable logic controller : its prehistory, emergence and application
Creators: name: Walker, Mark John
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2012

description: Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are widely used devices controlling industrial machines and processes and many other diverse applications, requiring primarily, combinatorial logic and sequential control. The PLC is a hidden technology, little known by the general public and overlooked in academic historical studies of technology. The research reported in this thesis aims to address this lack of awareness. The thesis explores the development of sequential and combinatorial logic control technologies, the emergence of the PLC, its subsequent development and its industrial applications. Patents and first- hand accounts and experiences from senior industrial engineers in a number of diverse manufacturing industries have been used as the primary research sources since, as a hidden technology, academic historical accounts are sparse. This approach illustrates, through using the PLC as an example, a potential method of studying other, unrelated hidden technologies. The research has revealed the influence of geography, industrial settings and earlier engineering practices on the design, selection and application of PLC control technologies, and comments on the how these influences define specific communities of practice.
Some current features of bank liquidity in the United States
Creators: name: WALLICH, H.C.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: United States, bank liquidity, consumer behaviour, banking system, monetary policy, capital margins
subject: E51, E52, G21

description: “In the United States, bank liquidity has not represented a major problem for many years. During a long period when liquidity became increasingly interesting to academic economists as an apparent determinant of consumer and business behaviour, its significance for bakers diminished. Recently, however, the rush of new lending and the drop of many bank-held government securities below par has somewhat changed the situation. It has compelled bankers to recognise that part of their portfolio has lost some of its earlier liquidity. Increasingly, one hears of individual banks regarding themselves as ‘loaned up’. In this situation, interest focusses on three aspects of liquidity: 1) the liquidity position of individual banks; 2) the liquidity of the entire banking system in its relation to monetary policy; 3) questions arising out of the coincidence of slim capital margins, wider fluctuations, and low earnings”. These three aspects are vividly examined in the present article. JEL: E51, E52, G21
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 4, N. 18 (1951)
Liquidity in the economy and in the banking system
Creators: name: GAMBINO, A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Liquidity, banking system, preference, requirements
subject: E51

description: Increasing uncertainties have made the need for liquidity a pervasive element of every aspect of modern economic activity and a predominant feature of our time. Thus, the problem of liquidity has reached beyond the limits of the interests of the firm, and now ranks among the central problems of the modus operandi of the economic system. The present article analyses the twofold effect (on the level of production and on the structure of the productive apparatus), together with the corresponding twofold cost, of liquidity preference and of liquidity requirements. According to the author, both the retarding and depressing effects of liquidity requirements have been unduly overestimated and generalised. In his opinion, these effects - save in periods of recession - will find effective “natural” correctives through the mechanism of a credit economy and, above all, through the activities of the banking system. JEL: E51
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 4, N. 18 (1951)
Real-time observation of photoionization-induced water migration dynamics in 4-methylformanilide–water by picosecond time-resolved infrared spectroscopy and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Miyazaki, Mitsuhiko
name: Kamiya, Tairiku
name: Wohlgemuth, Matthias
name: Chatterjee, Kuntal
name: Mitrić, Roland
name: Dopfer, Otto
name: Fujii, Masaaki
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: water migration
subject: spectroscopy
subject: trans-4MeFA
subject: 4MeFA–W

description: A novel time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopic approach that enables to keep high resolution in both the time and energy domain, nanosecond excitation-picosecond ionization-picosecond infrared probe (ns-ps-ps TRIR) spectroscopy, has been applied to the trans-4-methylformanilide-water (4MetFA-W) cluster. Water migration dynamics from the CO to the NH binding site in a peptide linkage triggered by photoionization of 4MetFA-W is directly monitored by the ps time evolution of IR spectra, and the presence of an intermediate state is revealed. The time evolution is analyzed by rate equations based on a four-state model of the migration dynamics. Time constants for the initial to the intermediate and hot product and to the final product are obtained. The acceleration of the dynamics by methyl substitution and the strong contribution of intracluster vibrational energy redistribution in the termination of the solvation dynamics is suggested. This picture is well confirmed by the ab initio on-the-fly molecular dynamics simulations. Vibrational assignments of 4MetFA and 4MetFA-W in the neutral (S-0 and S-1) and ionic (D-0) electronic states measured by ns IR dip and electron-impact IR photodissociation spectroscopy are also discussed prior to the results of time-resolved spectroscopy.
Credit control in the Netherlands
Creators: name: BLOM, F.W.C.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Netherlands, Dutch banks, trade liberalisation, inflation, external deficit, credit control, regulation, quantitative restrictions, liquidity
subject: E31, E51, E52, F10, G21

description: The gradual removal of controls in the Netherlands, the liberalisation of inter-European trade, the devaluation of the guilder and the international price rise, following the Korean war, have brought to the fore the problem of inflation and external deficit, calling for a new energetic intervention in the field of credit restriction. Thus, the qualitative regulation of credit in force in 1945 bas been replaced by a strict quantitative control for the purpose of sterilising the high liquidity of the Dutch banks and restoring practical efficiency to moderate rises in the bank rate. The present article illustrates origins and features of the new regulations, and their significance for the activity of the banking system on the one hand and for the structural development of the financial market on the other, which has so far been free from control. JEL: E31, E51, E52, F10, G21
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 4, N. 18 (1951)
Spathius (Spathius) bekilyensis GRANGER 1949
Creators: name: Madl, M.
name: Achterberg, C. Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Spathius
Spathius bekilyensis

description: Spathius (Spathius) bekilyensis GRANGER 1949
 Spathius bekilyensis n.sp.: GRANGER 1949: 147 (key), 148 (descr. ♂ ♀, Madagascar).
 Spathius bekilyensis GRANGER 1949: SHENEFELT & MARSH 1976: 1390 (cat.).
 Spathius bekilyensis GRANGER 1949: BELOKOBYLSKIJ 2003: 365 (tax., descr. ♂ ♀, Madagascar), 366 (figs 87-98), 368 (key).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Madagascar: Prov. Toliara: Bekily.
Endemic.
description: Published as part of Madl, M. & Achterberg, C. Van, 2014, A catalogue of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) of the Malagasy subregion, pp. 5-220 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 97, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4507364
The sterling area – parts II and III
Creators: name: WIGHTMAN, D.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Sterling area, currency system, England, international payments
subject: E42

description: The article examines the war and postwar vicissitudes of the sterling area, bringing to limelight features and questions of present and immediate significance for the current system of international payments as a whole. JEL: E42
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 4, N. 18 (1951)
Attentive Semantic Exploring for Manipulated Face Detection
Creators: name: Chen, Zehao
name: Yang, Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Face manipulation methods develop rapidly in recent years, whose potential risk to society accounts for the emerging of researches on detection methods. However, due to the diversity of manipulation methods and the high quality of fake images, detection methods suffer from a lack of generalization ability. To solve the problem, we find that segmenting images into semantic fragments could be effective, as discriminative defects and distortions are closely related to such fragments. Besides, to highlight discriminative regions in fragments and to measure contribution to the final prediction of each fragment is efficient for the improvement of generalization ability. Therefore, we propose a novel manipulated face detection method based on Multilevel Facial Semantic Segmentation and Cascade Attention Mechanism. To evaluate our method, we reconstruct two datasets: GGFI and FFMI, and also collect two open-source datasets. Experiments on four datasets verify the advantages of our approach against other state-of-the-arts, especially its generalization ability.
Consistent treatment of rapidity divergence in soft-collinear effective theory
Creators: name: Chay, Junegone
name: Kim, Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In soft-collinear effective theory, we analyze the structure of rapidity divergence due to the collinear and soft modes residing in disparate phase spaces. The idea of an effective theory is applied to a system of collinear modes with large rapidity and soft modes with small rapidity. The large-rapidity (collinear) modes are integrated out to obtain the effective theory for the small-rapidity (soft) modes. The full SCET with the collinear and soft modes should be matched onto the soft theory at the rapidity boundary, and the matching procedure becomes exactly the zero-bin subtraction. The large-rapidity region is out of reach for the soft mode, which results in the rapidity divergence. The rapidity divergence in the collinear sector comes from the zero-bin subtraction, which ensures the cancellation of the rapidity divergences from the soft and collinear sectors. In order to treat the rapidity divergence, we construct the rapidity regulators consistently for all the modes. They are generalized by assigning independent rapidity scales for different collinear directions. The soft regulator incorporates the correct directional dependence when the innate collinear directions are not back-to-back, which is discussed in the $N$-jet operator. As an application, we consider the Sudakov form factor for the back-to-back collinear current and the soft-collinear current, where the soft rapidity regulator for a soft quark is developed. We extend the analysis to the boosted heavy quark sector and exploit the delicacy with the presence of the heavy quark mass. We present the resummed results of large logarithms in the form factors for various currents with the light and the heavy quarks, employing the renormalization group evolution on the renormalization and the rapidity scales.
description: 43pages, 8 figures, v2: extended the analysis to the boosted heavy quark sector; v3: some typos in calculations of the heavy quark sector are fixed; v4: typos fixed, matches published version
E.P.U. problems
Creators: name: CARLI, G.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: European Payments Union, economic integration, international cooperation, E.P.U., balance of payments
subject: F15, F33, F36

description: In the present article Dr. Guido Carli, chairman of the European Payments Union Managing Board, summarises the core of his observations on the union’s problems in the following conclusions: (a) within the present E.P.U. Agreement, a combination of credit and debit positions may arise which would exhaust the dollar assets and therefore terminate the working of the institution; (b) the situation could be redressed by decreasing quotas, by altering the dollar-credit ratio within the quotas, by contributing an additional supply of dollars. This fresh contribution is liable to come either from participating countries or from U.S.A.; but as all participating countries are running a dollar deficit a contribution of theirs would increase this deficit; (c) whatever device under (b) be accepted, it would be insufficient to restore normal working conditions in E.P.U. if participating countries did not pursue economic and monetary policies calculated to bring about equilibrium of their balances of payments. JEL: F15, F33, F36
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 4, N. 19 (1951)
Additional file 7 of A systematic review of changing malaria disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa since 2000: comparing model predictions and empirical observations
Creators: name: Kamau, Alice
name: Polycarp Mogeni
name: Emelda A. Okiro
name: Snow, Robert W.
name: Bejon, Philip
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7. Funnel plot with pseudo 95% confidence limits showing the Fisher’s Z transformed correlation coefficient (arctanh(r)) against the standard errors of arctanh(r).
Pseudospectral solutions of reaction-diffusion equations that model excitable media : convergence of solutions and applications
Creators: name: Liceaga, Daniel Olmos
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In this thesis, I develop accurate and efficient pseudospectral methods to solve Fisher's, the Fitzhugh-Nagumo and the Beeler-Reuter equations. Based on these methods, I present a study of spiral waves and their interaction with a boundary. The solutions of Fisher's equation are characterized by propagating fronts with a, shock-like wave behavior when large values of the reaction rate coefficient is taken. The pseudospectral method employed for its solution is based on Chebyshev-Gauss-Lobatto quadrature points. I compare results for a single domain as well as for a subdivision of the main domain into subintervals. Instabilities that occur in the numerical solution for a single domain, analogous to those found by others, are attributed to round-off errors arising from numerical features of the discrete second derivative matrix operator. However, accurate stable solutions of Fisher's equation are obtained with a multidomain pseudospectral method. A detailed comparison of the present approach with the use of the sinc interpolation is also carried out. Also, I present a study of the convergence of different numerical schemes in the solution of the Fitzhugh-Nagumo equations. These equations, have spatial and temporal dynamics in two different scales and the solutions exhibit shock-like waves. The numerical schemes employed are Chebyshev multidomain, Fourier pseudospectral, finite difference methods and in particular a method developed by Barkley. I consider two different models of the local dynamics. I present results for plane wave propagation in one dimension and spiral waves for two dimensions. I use an operator splitting method with the Chebyshev multidomain approach in order to reduce the computational time. I conclude this thesis by presenting a study of the interaction of a meandering spiral wave with a boundary, where the Beeler-Reuter model is considered. The phenomenon of annihilation or reflection of a spiral at the boundaries of the domain is studied, when the trajectory of the tip of a spiral wave is essentially linear. This phenomenon is analyzed in terms of the variable j, which controls the reactivation of the sodium channel in the Beeler-Reuter model.
Italy’s trade with the sterling area, 1945-1951
Creators: name: MARASCO, E.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Sterling area, Italy, trade, England, pound, currency, European Payments Union
subject: F10, F36

description: The article briefly reviews the main features and problems of Italy’s trade relations with the sterling area. Unlike the pre-war situation, the trade relations between Italy and the sterling area have been characterised since World War II by a steadily active balance in favour of Italy, which has thus accumulated a sterling credit on London, while having at the same time to meet a heavy deficit on her dollar payments. This trend, first felt in 1945-46, took on a more rapid pace in 1949, facilitated by the return of the pound sterling to its official parity with the dollar on the Italian official market. It withstood even the devaluation of the pound sterling in September 1949. It has also made an impact within the European Payments Union, raising delicate problems for the Italian Government to solve. JEL: F10, F36
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 4, N. 19 (1951)
Additional file 5 of Extensively drug-resistant Haemophilus influenzae – emergence, epidemiology, risk factors, and regimen
Creators: name: Su, Pei-Yi
name: Ay-Huey Huang
name: Chung-Hsu Lai
name: Hsiu-Fang Lin
name: Tsun-Mei Lin
name: Cheng-Hsun Ho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5 : Table S2. Breakpoints used to determine susceptible, intermediate, and resistant categories for Haemophilus influenzae based on CLSI interpretative criteria.
State participation in business concerns in Italy
Creators: name: COSMO, G.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Italy, State participation, business, policy
subject: H11, H50

description: The article outlines the present-day situation of State participation in business concerns in Italy in its complicated pattern and in its significance for the several branches of the national economy. Special attention is devoted to the problems of the Istituto per la Ricostruzione Industriale (Industrial Reconstruction Institute) which holds a central position in the field of State participation in business concerns, and to certain critical regional situations which make it difficult to adopt rational and comprehensive solutions. A general reorganisation of the so-called partecipazioni economiche dello Stato is however an urgent need in Italy, and has been the subject of a special Government enquiry but which until now has led to no results. JEL: H11, H50
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 4, N. 19 (1951)
Spathius (Spathius) insignis GRANGER 1949
Creators: name: Madl, M.
name: Achterberg, C. Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Spathius
Spathius insignis

description: Spathius (Spathius) insignis GRANGER 1949
 Spathius insignis n.sp.: GRANGER 1949: 146 (key), 147 (descr. ♀, fig. 165, Madagascar).
 Spathius insignis GRANGER 1949: SHENEFELT & MARSH 1976: 1406 (cat.).
 Spathius insignis GRANGER 1949: BELOKOBYLSKIJ 2003: 454 (key, tax., descr. ♀, Madagascar), 455 (figs 547-558).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Madagascar: Prov. Toliara: Bekily.
Endemic.
description: Published as part of Madl, M. & Achterberg, C. Van, 2014, A catalogue of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) of the Malagasy subregion, pp. 5-220 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 97, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4507364
Constraining Low-luminosity Gamma-Ray Bursts as Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Ray Sources Using GRB 060218 as a Proxy
Creators: name: Samuelsson, Filip
name: Bégué, Damien
name: Ryde, Felix
name: Pe'er, Asaf
name: Murase, Kohta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the connection between low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts (llGRBs) and ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) using the canonical low-luminosity GRB 060218 as a proxy. We focus on the consequential synchrotron emission from electrons that are coaccelerated in the UHECR acceleration region, comparing this emission to observations. Both the prompt and afterglow phases are considered. For the prompt phase, we assume the coaccelerated electrons are injected with a power law distribution instantaneously (without additional heating or reacceleration), which results in bright optical-UV emission in tension with observations. For the afterglow phase, we constrain the total kinetic energy of the blast wave by comparing electron thermal synchrotron radiation to available radio data at $\sim~3$ days. Considering mildly relativistic outflows with bulk Lorentz factor $Γ\gtrsim 2$ (slower trans-relativistic outflows are not treated), we find that the limited available energy does not allow for GRB 060218-like afterglows to be the main origin of UHECRs. This analysis independently constrains the prompt phase as a major UHECR source as well, given that the prompt energy budget is comparable to that of the afterglow kinetic energy. More generally, our study demonstrates that synchrotron emission from thermal electrons is a powerful diagnostic of the physics of mildly relativistic shocks.
description: Published as ApJ 902:148 (2020). Updated to match published version. Discussion added on inverse Compton effects during the prompt phase. Main conclusions unchanged
title: Young children's expressions of spirituality : an ethnographic case study
Creators: name: Goodliff, Gillian Diana
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2013

description: Historically the fostering of children's spirituality or spiritual development has been embedded in English education legislation. The underpinning principles of the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) framework (DC SF, 2008), for children from birth to five years, made explicit reference to a spiritual dimension of young children's wellbeing. Yet spirituality receives scant acknowledgement in practice and there is little research focusing on exploring young children's spirituality in pre-school contexts. Located within an interpretive paradigm, this ethnographic case study of children aged two and three years in a day nursery, explores the language(s) of spiritual expression. A socio-cultural (Vygotsky, 1978) perspective of the child underpins the study that recognizes children's agency (Dahlberg et aI., 1999) in constructing meanings about the spiritual through their relationships and participation in everyday activities and interactions. Multi-layered data collection methods for listening to young children were chosen including direct observation, participant and non-participant observation, audio recording and digital photographs. A hermeneutic approach underpins the analysis and interpretation of the data. Findings reveal the multi-dimensional nature of young children's spirirual languages expressed in relational and imaginative spaces through creativity, reflection and embodied meaning making. This thesis argues for a broader situating of spirituality in English early childhood education that recognises the cross-curricular potential for learning imbued with the spiritual. A model of the multi-dimensional language of spirituality is presented to support practitioners in recognising young children's expressions of the spiritual separate to any association with religion or a belief system.
title: Scritti di Alfonso Archi sulla religione degli Ittiti
Creators: name: FRANCIA, Rita
name: PISANIELLO, Valerio
name: TORRI, Giulia
Publisher: name: Sapienza Università Editrice
Year: 2020

description: Alfonso Archi ha mosso i primi passi nel mondo del Vicino Oriente antico presso l’Università di Firenze grazie agli inse¬gnamenti di Giovanni Pugliese Carratelli, docente di Storia greca e dell’Asia anteriore antica. Dopo la laurea in Lettere Antiche ha perfezionato i suoi studi nei più grandi centri dell’orientalistica tedesca: Marburg-Lahn, alla scuola di Heinrich Otten, Münster, presso Wolfram von Soden, Monaco di Baviera, collaborando con Annelies Kammenhuber. Agli inizi degli anni Settanta dello scorso secolo è presso il Vorderasiatisches Museum di Berlino dove si dedica all’edizione testi ittiti di Boğazköy, che pubblica nella pre¬stigiosa serie Keilschrifturkunden aus Boğazköy (KUB 49, KUB 50, KUB 52 e KUB 57). Nel 1977 diviene epigrafista della missione archeologica italiana a Ebla in Siria. Dapprima ricercatore presso l’Istituto per gli Studi Micenei ed Egeo-Anatolici (CNR), ha poi ri¬coperto il ruolo di professore di Ittitologia presso Sapienza - Uni¬versità di Roma, carica che ha mantenuto fino al 2011, anno del suo ritiro dall’attività istituzionale e dalla docenza. I principali campi di ricerca di A. Archi sono senza dubbio la religione, in tutte le sue molteplici sfaccettature, la storia, i vari aspetti culturali e sociali della civiltà ittita. Ha insegnato come Visiting Professor all’Università di Aleppo, al Wolfson College di Oxford, all’École Pratique des Hautes Études, IVéme section di Parigi e al Collège de France. È membro del comitato editoriale di alcune fra le più note riviste del settore ed è tra i fondatori della serie “Studia Asiana”, è inoltre membro onorario della American Oriental Society e membro della International Association for Assiriology.
Additional file 1 of A preseason booster prolongs the increase of allergen specific IgG4 levels, after basic allergen intralymphatic immunotherapy, against grass pollen seasonal allergy
Creators: name: Weinfeld, Dan
name: Westin, Ulla
name: Hellkvist, Laila
name: Ulf-Henrik Mellqvist
name: Jacobsson, Ingvar
name: Lars-Olaf Cardell
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Consort flow diagram.
Spathius (Spathius) laeviceps BRUES 1924
Creators: name: Madl, M.
name: Achterberg, C. Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Spathius
Spathius laeviceps

description: Spathius (Spathius) laeviceps BRUES 1924
 Spathius laeviceps BRUES 1924: GRANGER 1949: 147 (key), 153 (descr. ♂ ♀, Madagascar). Spathius laeviceps BRUES 1924: SHENEFELT & MARSH 1976: 1406 (cat.).
D i s t r i b u t i o n Madagascar: Prov. Antananarivo: near Antananarivo – Prov. Toamasina: Amparafaravola – Prov. Toliara: Bekily.
Known from the Afrotropical region.
description: Published as part of Madl, M. & Achterberg, C. Van, 2014, A catalogue of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) of the Malagasy subregion, pp. 5-220 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 97, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4507364
Additional file 8 of A systematic review of changing malaria disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa since 2000: comparing model predictions and empirical observations
Creators: name: Kamau, Alice
name: Polycarp Mogeni
name: Emelda A. Okiro
name: Snow, Robert W.
name: Bejon, Philip
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 8. Sources of heterogeneity assessment based on multivariable meta-regression analyses.
Planckian relaxation delusion in metals
Creators: name: Sadovskii, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a critical review of recent attempts to introduce the new quantum ("Planckian") limit for the temperature dependence of inelastic scattering rate of electrons in metals. We briefly discuss the main experimental facts and some simple theoretical models explaining the linear in temperature growth of resistivity (starting from very low temperatures) in superconducting cuprates and some similar systems. There is no commonly accepted theoretical explanation of such behavior up to now. We also discuss the known quantum limits for electrical conductivity (resistance). It is shown that the universal Planckian limit for the inelastic relaxation rate proposed in some papers is a kind of delusion related to a certain procedure to represent the experimental data.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, short review extending the discussion of arXiv:2001.01393, to be published in Physics Uspekhi, few typos corrected