cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Mountain and the Book. Three Written Libraries in Meran
Creators: name: Perottoni, Davide
Publisher: name: Writingplace
Year: 2018

description: Literature has the ability to grasp atmospheres, to look at things from many points of view, to deal with the pragmatic as well as the poetic, with creativity and subjectivity; these and other qualities offer a wealth of possibilities to design. This graduation project tried to define both the possibilities offered and the ways in which to employ them in the traditional design process. In doing so, literature was both a tool to understand and to create, a method to engage the mind and fuel creativity. Throughout the different phases, it is a tool to read, to write and to continuously challenge all the elements of a design, from analysis to scenario, from site to detail. In this way, the two key elements of the project, the mountain and the book, were defined and declined in the design of three libraries in the area of Meran in the Italian Alps. The literary tool, in all its declinations, is also employed as a different way to engage one’s own creativity; it provides both a rational way to explore and deal with space and a poetic view that ‘illuminates’ the design task and allows to deal with inspiration and concepts in a varied and versatile way. Literature being an added tool to the design process, the literary material is constantly confronted with design through graphical means in a loop process. In this approach, the designer acts as an authoring medium between the site and the design that has to take place in it.
description: Writingplace, No. 1 (2018): Literary Methods in Architectural Education
title: Estimation of Maximum Scour Depth and Scour Pattern Around Submerged Spur-Dike
Creators: name: Pandey, Manish
name: Pal, Manali
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Scouring due to turbulent flows is a process that naturally happens around river structures, including river training or riverbank protection works such as spur dikes, submerged vanes, etc. present experimental study aims to estimate the maximum scour depth around submerged spur dikes, which have not been studied as extensively. In this study, we checked the influence of different flow conditions, spur dike dimensions and submergence conations on maximum scour depth at equilibrium scour conditions. The dependence of the criteria for scour initiation and scour patterns on the dike dimensions, such as the dike length and height, has been assessed. We also checked the previously proposed equations for maximum scour depth at submerged spur dike using present and previous (collected from literature) experimental data. The dependency of maximum scour depth on some hydraulic and geometric control parameters is also discussed. In addition, a new equation is also proposed to calculate the maximum scour depth around submerged spur dike at equilibrium condition, which shows better agreements with present and previous experimental datasets than other equations.
Essence as a social property
Creators: name: Goldstein, Laurel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: In this thesis, I attempt to provide a characterisation of the kind woman, by determining what the essential property of the kind is (or whether there even is one), and with what kind of necessity it attaches to the kind members. I begin by outlining different ways essential properties have been approached in the current philosophical literature. A common feature of these views is that they focus on physical structure as essential to kinds and kind members. But, I argue, the kind woman cannot be so defined. Instead, the essential property of the kind woman should be given in terms of a social (or at least a non-biological) property.
The regulation for excise duties: when is it too much or still reasonable to collect?
Creators: name: Tofan, Mihaela
Publisher: name: Studi Tributari Europei
Year: 2023

description: The exemption from excise duty covers both ethyl alcohol that is intended for use, and ethyl alcohol that has already been used, once ethyl alcohol has been released for consumption in a Member State and that Member State has correctly applied the exemption from excise duty. the EU law, the principles of effectiveness and proportionality, permit a Member State to impose procedural requirements on a trader in excise goods that had obtained the benefit of an exemption from excise duty in the Member State where those goods had been produced and released for consumption only where those procedural requirements are strictly necessary to ensure the correct and straightforward application of the exemption in question and to prevent any evasion, avoidance or abuse.
description: Studi Tributari Europei, Vol. 12 (2022)
Generalised hyperbolicity in spacetimes with string-like singularities
Creators: name: Sanchez, Yafet Sanchez
name: Vickers, James A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83C75

description: In this paper we present well-posedness results of the wave equation in $H^{1}$ for spacetimes that contain string-like singularities. These results extend a framework able to characterise gravitational singularities as obstruction to the dynamics of test fields rather than point particles. In particular, we discuss spacetimes with cosmic strings and the relation of our results to the Strong Cosmic Censorship Conjecture.
description: Accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Quantifying entanglement of maximal dimension in bipartite mixed states
Creators: name: Sentís, Gael
name: Eltschka, Christopher
name: Gühne, Otfried
name: Huber, Marcus
name: Siewert, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schmidt coefficients capture all entanglement properties of a pure bipartite state and therefore determine its usefulness for quantum information processing. While the quantification of the corresponding properties in mixed states is important both from a theoretical and a practical point of view, it is considerably more difficult, and methods beyond estimates for the concurrence are elusive. In particular this holds for a quantitative assessment of the most valuable resource, the maximum possible Schmidt number of an arbitrary mixed state. We derive a framework for lower bounding the appropriate measure of entanglement, the so-called G-concurrence, through few local measurements. Moreover, we show that these bounds have relevant applications also for multipartite states.
description: 4+5 pages, close to published version. Error in Eq. (4) corrected
Sensitivity of iterated function systems
Creators: name: Ghane, F. H.
name: Rezaali, E.
name: Sarizadeh, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The present work is concerned with the eqiucontinuity and sensitivity of iterated function systems (IFSs). Here, we consider more general case of IFSs, i.e. the IFSs generated by a family of relations. We generalize the concepts of transitivity, sensitivity and equicontinuity to these kinds of systems. This note investigates the relationships between these concepts. Then, several sufficient conditions for sensitivity of IFSs are presented. We introduce the notion of weak topologically exact for IFSs generated by a family of relations. It is proved that non-minimal weak topologically exact IFSs are sensitive. That yields to different examples of non-minimal sensitive systems which are not an M-system. Moreover, some interesting examples are given which provide some facts about the sensitive property of IFSs.
description: 12 pages
Becoming Bogotá: Urban Analysis through Narrative Inhabitation
Creators: name: Cook, Matthew
Publisher: name: Writingplace
Year: 2018

description: This urban analysis, carried out within the framework of a master graduation studio at Delft University of Technology, focuses on an urban neighbourhood of Bogotá, Colombia. In an attempt to analyse the relationship between these spaces and the social practices of everyday life taking place within them, I employed site writing as a mode of investigation. I developed Narrative Inhabitation as a practice of personifying the city, giving it a voice that describes the life happening within it. My method of inhabitation involved writing about the everyday life of Bogotá, in the form of a series of monologues told by architectural elements of the city itself. Narrative Inhabitation helped overcome the constraints of limited time and local unfamiliarity to give a deep analysis of the elements, encompassing their history, their changing relevance and their daily rhythms. Inhabiting the elements with site writing helped produce a breadth of analysis as I inhabited the city, forcing me to thinking empathetically and go beyond my own subjective experience. By writing the city I have been able to investigate the emotions and personal motivations that Bogotá’s elements provoke, the semi-fiction of the monologues giving me space to imagine and suppose whilst still creating a sense of place, accurate and useful for understanding the city’s operation.
description: Writingplace, No. 1 (2018): Literary Methods in Architectural Education
Convergence in Hölder norms with applications to Monte Carlo methods in infinite dimensions
Creators: name: Cox, Sonja
name: Hutzenthaler, Martin
name: Jentzen, Arnulf
name: van Neerven, Jan
name: Welti, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C99

description: We show that if a sequence of piecewise affine linear processes converges in the strong sense with a positive rate to a stochastic process which is strongly Hölder continuous in time, then this sequence converges in the strong sense even with respect to much stronger Hölder norms and the convergence rate is essentially reduced by the Hölder exponent. Our first application hereof establishes pathwise convergence rates for spectral Galerkin approximations of stochastic partial differential equations. Our second application derives strong convergence rates of multilevel Monte Carlo approximations of expectations of Banach space valued stochastic processes.
description: 50 pages
title: Scour Geometry and Dune Formation Characteristics around Customized Structure in Channels
Creators: name: Das, Rajib
name: Das, Subhasish
name: Palermo, Michele
name: Roy, Deep
name: Pagliara, Simone
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: In this study, an attempt is made to verify the scour geometry and location of the dunes at a channel downstream where various structures are used as flow barriers. Various structures such as a square structure with a vane attached to one side, a rhombus and two similar structures positioning eccentrically, are used to examine scour geometry and dune formation. Overall, six Clearwater tests are performed, three of which are of single structures and three are a combination of two similar structures. All tests are performed keeping approach flow depth, discharge and bed material fixed. The main focus of the study is to assess the scour on both sides of such structures, relocating sand downstream and their volume. The scour depth, length, planar area and volume are measured and calculated. It is observed that the scour volume and relocating of sediments are significantly more around double structure arrangement. Also in double structure tests, sediment relocation is much greater on the eccentric structure side. As a result, on the eccentric structure side, the scour planner area and the angle of sediment relocation are significantly higher compared to the non-eccentric side. To examine further, the scour hole characteristics and the volumes of sediment relocation are computed from observed data.
Stories of a Place in Time. Moomin Museum in Tampere, Finland
Creators: name: Rimniceanu, Diana
Publisher: name: Writingplace
Year: 2018

description: In the 2017 spring term, the design studio of Public Building at Tampere University of Technology in Finland set a design task for a building that not only occupies and strengthens an urban place in Tampere but also presents imagined spaces: a museum for the stories, characters and places of the Moomin graphic novels by Finnish illustrator Tove Jansson. These graphic novels form the cultural and literary heart of many Finnish childhoods. For the design of such a cultural building, questions of place, landscape, the experience of spatial and material qualities are crucial. The project by Diana Rimniceanu begins with a museum in search of a place of its own in the city of Tampere. The museum extension aspires to express the Moomin stories through an architecture that is specific and autonomous, capable of preserving the richness and uniqueness of the place while revealing the unexpected landscapes that it hides; an architecture that grows gradually, scene by scene, creating encounters between the Moomin creatures, the historic industrial buildings and the new visitors. The intervention reveals through space a sequence of atmospheres rooted within the darkness and light of the Moomin stories while balancing between the reality of things and imagination.
description: Writingplace, No. 1 (2018): Literary Methods in Architectural Education
The Word that Builds: Poetry and Practice at the School of Valparaíso
Creators: name: Andrade, Óscar
name: Gil, Jaime Reyes
Publisher: name: Writingplace
Year: 2018

description: This article addresses the case of the School of Architecture and Design at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso in Chile, which established an original position in arts and education by exploring the productive relationship between poetry and architecture. The focus of this article is to examine the pivotal presence of poetry in the school’s artistic position and its role in the design and building actions carried out by students and professors, which are an essential trait of its educational approach. The article displays this trajectory from the poetic word to the act of building by discussing a crucial topic raised within inter-nal debates of the School of Valparaíso: the relationship between word and action. While illustrating the role of poetry in the school’s creative practices, the article argues that the poetic word is not instrumentalized as a concrete method or tool in design studio practices, but is present as an underlying element that opens a primordial creative field from which architecture operates. The article aims to contribute to the existing literature by clarifying the role of poetry in the School of Valparaíso’s curriculum, which is a particu- larly unclear aspect surrounded by myths and assumptions. Therefore, this article focuses on the formulation and practice of the ‘poetic act’, its role in the design and building processes of the school projects, and the way in which the professors and students of the School of Valparaíso proceed with their works after the poetic act that takes place at the start of every project. By clarifying these points, we shine a light on the presence of poetry in the articulation of the school’s artistic production and academic structures, locating the relationship between word and action at the centre of the school’s debates, where it remains open and vividly discussed to this day.
description: Writingplace, No. 1 (2018): Literary Methods in Architectural Education
Fully-Automated Precision Predictions for Heavy Neutrino Production Mechanisms at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Degrande, Celine
name: Mattelaer, Olivier
name: Ruiz, Richard
name: Turner, Jessica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by TeV-scale neutrino mass models, we propose a systematic treatment of heavy neutrino $(N)$ production at hadron colliders. Our simple and efficient modeling of the vector boson fusion (VBF) $W^\pmγ\rightarrow N\ell^\pm$ and $N\ell^\pm+nj$ signal definitions resolve collinear and soft divergences that have plagued past studies, and is applicable to other color-singlet processes, e.g., associated Higgs $(W^\pm h)$, sparticle $(\tilde{\ell}^\pm\tilde{ν_\ell})$, and charged Higgs $(h^{\pm\pm}h^{\mp})$ production. We present, for the first time, a comparison of all leading $N$ production modes, including both gluon fusion (GF) $gg\rightarrow Z^*/h^*\rightarrow N\overset{(-)}{ν_\ell}$ and VBF. We obtain fully differential results up to next-to-leading order (NLO) in QCD accuracy using a Monte Carlo tool chain linking FeynRules, N{\small LO}CT, and MadGraph5\_aMC@NLO. Associated model files are publicly available. At the 14 TeV LHC, the leading order GF rate is small and comparable to the NLO $N\ell^\pm+1j$ rate; at a future 100 TeV Very Large Hadron Collider, GF dominates for $m_N={300-1500}$ GeV, beyond which VBF takes lead.
description: Updated to match published version; no change in results. 8 pages, 3 figures. Model files available from http://feynrules.irmp.ucl.ac.be/wiki/HeavyN
Writerly Experimentation in Architecture: The Laboratory (not) as Metaphor
Creators: name: De Bruijn, Willem
Publisher: name: Writingplace
Year: 2018

description: Within the last two decades, the use of the term laboratory or ‘lab’, as it is often abbreviated to, has become widespread in both the profession and in education. ‘Spacelab’, ‘Arch LAB’, ‘Laboratory of Architecture’ – these are but some of the names given to architectural practices today. Also, no self-respecting academic institution today lacks a ‘research laboratory’ or ‘lab’ of some kind, often set up in parallel to the conventional studio, but sometimes also as a substitute for it. In a more recent development, the laboratory has also been adopted as a place for exploring architectural themes through writing, as exemplified by the ‘Writing Labs’ set up at the Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL. This development that has seen the laboratory become the very paradigm of conceptualizations of practice and research in architecture revolves, I argue, around a renewed interest in the notion of experiment and the spaces of experimentation. The question I want to raise in this article concerns the role of the laboratory as a metaphor in constructing spaces for writerly experimentation. For, outside the domain of science, how can a laboratory be understood as anything other than a (mere) metaphor?
description: Writingplace, No. 1 (2018): Literary Methods in Architectural Education
title: Numerical Modelling of Scour and Flow Field for Two Different Arrangements of Piers Using SSIIM Model
Creators: name: Biswal, Sushant Kumar
name: Das, Animesh
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: In this work, a numerical model Sediment Simulation In Intakes with Multiblock option (SSIIM) is developed to analyse the effect of pier spacing on the scour process around side by side and staggered piers. Both ��−��and  ��−��turbulence models are employed to solve the eddy viscosity flow equations and their performances are evaluated. From the initial observations it is concluded that, when the spacing between the piers is negligible, then both the piers behave like a single pier and the scour depth is found to be more than 42% than that of a single pier. However, when the clear spacing between piers is more than 1.5 times pier diameter (D) for both arrangements the piers behaved independently. Furthermore, the numerical model is skill-assessed for two different piles spacing S|D in side by side piers and in staggered arrangements. While the model is effective in reproducing the scour depth in front of piers for side by side piers, it overestimated the bed scour depth between the piers, however, it underestimated the scour depth in front piers in the staggered arrangements. The results show that the SSIIM program can be used efficiently for simulating the scouring in natural rivers and good agreements are achieved between the piers in different arrangements.
Project Daedalus: An Earnest Play of Building Between Storytelling and Metaphors
Creators: name: Matyiku, Anca
Publisher: name: Writingplace
Year: 2018

description: Every place is built around shared values, norms, histories and myths that are assumed, implied, or tactfully left unsaid. Architecture is at its core an accomplice to the untidy matter of human stories and aspi- rations, even if the architect’s work typically results in concrete and measurable compositions. The making of architecture, in every one of its pleasures and difficulties, involves the crucial task of interpreting among tangible materials and the multitude of implicit forces that characterize a particular place. My proposition is that literature and storytelling can play an essential role in this interpretive task, and that they are especially fruitful for architectural pedagogy. This article reflects on this proposition via examples of student work pro- duced under my guidance at McGill University.The work was the result of an exploratory design project structured around Daedalus, the prototypical figure of the ancient Greek architect best known for his craftsmanship and cunning intelligence. His works – amongst them the legendary labyrinth that enclosed the half-man half-bull Minotaur – were said to inspire a profound sense of wonder mingled with fear, akin to the presence of the divine. Project Daedalus was not a studio project that resulted in a building design but an elective course which, taking its cue from Daedalus, focused on architectural craft. It asked the students to concentrate on ‘building’ as a verb rather than a noun, an action rather than an object. The final projects emerged through a series of exercises that required students to translate between tactile and literary mediums. With Project Daedalus, literary constructs suspended commitment to a final and concrete outcome, while opening up the opportunity for play.
description: Writingplace, No. 1 (2018): Literary Methods in Architectural Education
title: Laws of Turbulence and the Estimation of Turbulent Kinetic Energy Budget for Flow Through a Degraded Channel-Bed
Creators: name: Sarkar, Mosedul
name: Sarkar, Sankar
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: This present study focuses on the laws of turbulence and estimation of the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) budget for flow over a bimodal degraded bed under equilibrium conditions. The analyses of turbulence were performed based on the three-dimensional velocity data captured by using a Vectrino velocimeter. The streamwise velocity and Reynolds shear stress profiles show an excellent agreement with the existing literature. In view of the advancement in the direction of bed degradation, the measured velocity data captured at different streamwise locations (before, on and after the maximum equilibrium depth of degradation) were further processed to explore the scaling laws of turbulence and TKE budget based on structure functions data. To this end, the second-, third-, and mixed third-order velocity structure functions were estimated. The structure functions data indicated the existence of inertial subrange within lower ranges of the time-lags and confirmed their agreement with the Kolmororov’s 2/3-, and 4/5-, and Monin–Yaglom’s 4/3-laws. However, the TKE dissipation rates estimated by Kolmororov’s 4/5- and Monin–Yaglom’s 4/3-laws of turbulence show significant differences in their values. The TKE budget results show that in the vicinity of the degraded bed, TKE dissipation rate is more than that of TKE production and turbulent diffusion rates. On the other hand, the pressure diffusion has larger negative values in the near-bed. However, all the turbulence parameters show no significant differences at as one moves from the initial bed-level (bed-level measured before the detachment started) to the free-surface.
Central spectral gaps of the almost Mathieu operator
Creators: name: Krasovsky, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the spectrum of the almost Mathieu operator $H_α$ with frequency $α$ and in the case of the critical coupling. Let an irrational $α$ be such that $|α-p_n/q_n|0$.
description: 22 pages
title: Plunge Pool Rock Scour Assessment by Fluid-Solid Coupling
Creators: name: Bollaert, E. F. R.
name: Grünzner, M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: This paper presents a novel approach for detailed 2D numerical assessment of rock scour in plunge pools or unlined channels downstream of hydraulic structures. The approach is based on an automated coupling between the 3D hydraulics and the turbulence of an impacting jet (or any other turbulent flow environment) and the detailed bathymetric evolution with time of the rocky bottom that is being scoured, for a given flood event. Detailed flow hydraulics are thereby computed by the FLOW-3D® CFD software, allowing sound implementation of air entrainment and defining the main flow parameters at the water-rock interface. Bathymetric evolution with time of the eroding rock mass downstream of the hydraulic structure is computed by the rocsc@r® software, a cloud-based digital tool implementing the latest and most widely used computational methods for scour prediction. This novel fluid-solid interactive approach has been tested and applied to large-scale laboratory experiments of scour hole formation in broken-up rock, generated by rectangular-shaped oblique jets impinging in a plunge pool made of cobblestones, performed at the laboratory of the Civil Engineering Department at Stellenbosch University, South Africa (Bosman and Basson (2020), Bosman (2021)). The scour formation observed during the experiments has been reproduced by the FLOW-3D® - rocsc@r® numerical coupling. Benefitting from a dedicated, user customizable and fully automated interface between both software programs, this coupling requests only very short computational times and constitutes a cutting-edge tool available to engineers for real-life applications and projects. The results obtained for different computational methods of scour formation and a set of CFD modelling parameters are pointed out.
title: Calculating Local Pier Scour in Coarse-Bed Streams
Creators: name: Froehlich, D. C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Streams can be divided into two broad classes based on the predominant composition of the alluvial material in which they are formed: sand-bed and coarse-bed. Coarse-bed streams are formed primarily in gravel and larger sediments. They are common in mountain and foothill regions, mainly where igneous and metamorphic bedrock exists, and in areas of glacial-fluvial deposits. A feature that characterizes nearly all coarse-bed streams is a surface covered by large sediment particles compared to those forming the substratum –an armor layer. The presence of an armor layer has a considerable influence on the physical processes that scour material from around a bridge pier. Several methods exist for estimating local scour depth at bridge piers. Data collected in small-scale laboratory experiments in sand-filled flumes, which hardly resemble conditions in coarse-bed streams, are the basis for most. Fortunately, recent on-site measurements of local pier scour in coarse-bed channels supply a collective data set used in this analysis to develop a scour prediction relation for application in streams where armor layers are present. Nonlinear quantile regression provides prediction models for quantile levels of 0.5 (which gives the median value), 0.95, and 0.99. Estimates for the larger quantiles (corresponding to the 95 and 99 percentiles) offer statistically sound safety margins needed for a reliable bridge design that is not overly excessive. The predictive ability of this study’s local pier-scour relations for coarse-bed streams provides significant improvements over other commonly used empirical equations.
Performing Openness Episodes of Walking Urban Narratives
Creators: name: Kakalis, Christos
name: Mygdali, Stella
Publisher: name: Writingplace
Year: 2018

description: This paper examines the role of narrative in the briefing and performing of the actions held by the international network Urban Emptiness. The network proposes an interdisciplinary investigation of emptiness and silence through workshops in different contemporary cities. Narrative is examined here as the protagonist of performative explorations of different layers of the urban fabric that might even be hidden or unnoticed. Focus is on two groups of events held in Edinburgh and Athens. Organically interconnected these two clusters of actions explored narrative in briefing process (using performative, deconstructing and montage methodologies), performance (walking itineraries, oral history, site/process specific designed sketchbooks), documentation and communication. Of particular interest was the investigation of ‘narrative threads’ between the different episodes by introducing thread-workshops which were shifting the focus and re-framing the actions. Working with modes of narrative involves observations about the way we live and act, but also about the way we communicate our experiences. These narrative experimentations suggest a playful take on how we introduce diverse points of view and explore new ways of expression in a fusion of horizons that is never considered as a closed and totally complete model. Inner and outwards landscapes, real and imaginary elements, tangible and intangible qualities were re-situated in the examined performative fields through the agency of the participants’ bodies and the dynamics of a plot that aimed to remain open. Allowing for new episodes to be incorporated and interruptions to happen in its course this process unearthed the existence of an evolving and organic urban narrative that is always open to incorporate new episodes.
description: Writingplace, No. 1 (2018): Literary Methods in Architectural Education
A bridge between Dubovitskii - Federer theorems and the coarea formula
Creators: name: Hajlasz, Piotr
name: Korobkov, Mikhail V.
name: Kristensen, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58K05

description: The Morse-Sard theorem requires that a mapping $v:R^n \to R^m$ is of class $C^k$, $k>n-m$. In 1957 Dubovitski\uı generalized this result by proving that almost all level sets for a $C^k$ mapping have $H^s$-negligible intersection with its critical set, where $s=\max(n-m-k+1,0)$. Here the critical set, or $m$-critical set is defined as $Z_{v,m} = \{ x \in R^n : {\rm rank} \nabla v(x) < m \}$. Another generalization was obtained independently by Dubovitski\uı and Federer in 1966, namely for $C^k$ mappings $v:R^n\to R^d$ and integers $m\le d$ they proved that the set of $m$-critical values $v(Z_{v,m})$ is $H^{b}$-negligible for $b= m-1+\frac{n-m+1}{k}$. They also established the sharpness of these results within the $C^k$ category. Here we prove that Dubovitski\uı's theorem can be generalized to the case of continuous mappings of the Sobolev-Lorentz class $W^{k}_{p,1}(R^n,R^d )$, $p=\frac{n}k$ (this is the minimal integrability assumption that guarantees the continuity of mappings). In this situation the mappings need not be everywhere differentiable and in order to handle the set of nondifferentiability points, we establish for such mappings an analog of the Luzin $N$-property with respect to lower dimensional Hausdorff content. Finally, we formulate and prove a~${\rm bridge\ theorem}$ that includes all the above results as particular cases. This result is new also for smooth mappings but is presented here in the general Sobolev context. The proofs of the results are based on our previous joint papers with J.~Bourgain (2013, 2015). Note, that in this paper some result concerning the Coarea formula was not formulated accurately. Now we put an Addendum consisting of three parts: first, we describe the accurate formulation of this result, then we give some historical remarks, and finally its relation to other results of the paper.
description: In this paper some result concerning the Coarea formula was not formulated accurately. Now we put an Addendum consisting of three parts: first, we describe the accurate formulation of this result, then we give some historical remarks, and finally its relation to other results of the paper
The Dirichlet problem for the constant mean curvature equation in Sol_3
Creators: name: Klaser, Patricia
name: Menezes, Ana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A version of the Jenkins-Serrin theorem for the existence of CMC graphs over bounded domains with infinite boundary data in Sol$_3$ is proved. Moreover, we construct examples of admissible domains where the results may be applied.
description: Final version. Accepted for publication on Illinois Journal of Mathematics
Marked boundary rigidity for surfaces
Creators: name: Guillarmou, Colin
name: Mazzucchelli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C20, 58E10

description: We show that, on an oriented compact surface, two sufficiently $C^2$-close Riemannian metrics with strictly convex boundary, no conjugate points, hyperbolic trapped set for their geodesic flows, and same marked boundary distance, are isometric via a diffeomorphism that fixes the boundary. We also prove that the same conclusion holds on a compact surface for any two negatively curved Riemannian metrics with strictly convex boundary and same marked boundary distance, extending a result of Croke and Otal.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure. Version 2: minor corrections
title: Preliminary Analysis of the Effect of Worked Wood Piles in Straight Channels
Creators: name: Roy, Deep
name: Pagliara, Simone
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Eco-friendly low-head structures such as blunt nosed chevrons, wood bundles, worked wood piles etc. provide an effective solution to ensure grade and sediment load control in rivers, as well as to introduce morphological variations in the channel bed promoting biodiversity. Worked wood piles are usually installed near the outer bank in order to redirect the flow away from it, thus stabilizing the basin. Moreover, these structures increase the natural organic content in channels and create pronounced scour and dune features in their vicinity, giving shelter to a host of aquatic organisms and fish species. However, till date, a comprehensive analysis of the scour features occurring in the presence of worked wood piles is absent in literature. To shed light on this underexplored topic, the present study provides some initial results on the equilibrium and temporal scour characteristics in the vicinity of worked wood piles. Experiments were conducted with such structures in straight channels under a wide range of hydraulic conditions. Isolated structures as well as series of two structures were tested. Among others, the equilibrium scour morphology due to worked wood piles resulted to be considerably influenced by inflow conditions, tailwater level and number of structures in case of series arrangement. Namely, the scour and dune features in the stilling basin of the structure are more enhanced for higher discharge and tailwater and in case of two worked wood piles in series. Moreover, the development of scour and dune geometry was recorded at regular intervals of time for the entire test duration which revealed that the rate of increase of scour area in case of two worked wood piles in series is higher in specific intervals during the test depending on the hydraulic conditions. Overall, the results offer important observations and a preliminary analysis of the local scour phenomena around worked wood piles, aiming at providing a basis for future design guidelines.
The Word-Collector: Urban Narratives and ‘Word-Designs’
Creators: name: Sioli, Angeliki
Publisher: name: Writingplace
Year: 2018

description: Engaging the example of “The Word-Collector” project – an experimental design studio taught recently in the Post Professional Masters, School of Architecture, McGill University – this paper discusses a literary approach in architectural design; one that explores the possibilities of written language as a tool of architectural representation. The paper presents the theoretical background of the approach discussing the importance of language for architecture, explains the project’s specific stages, documents selected outcomes, and concludes by elaborating on the implications of the suggested pedagogy for architectural education nowadays. This linguistic architectural design process developed in three stages. Through their word-collections and the related narratives, the students engaged in a unique understanding of the city. Deliberately framing perception and forcing a personal, emotional engagement, the city revealed deeper inter-subjective meanings. Through the different forms and modes of writing, engaged during the project’s second part, the students attempted to envision an appropriate architectural space responding to both the city and the program. Lastly, oral language and narrative forms became a way to speak about the experience in the imagined new places on behalf of its potential future users. The ‘Word-Collector’ put forward a ‘theoretical project,’ a fully autonomous architectural design vision constructed solely of words.
description: Writingplace, No. 1 (2018): Literary Methods in Architectural Education
IMPROVING STAFF COMFORT WITH AND DELIVERY OF BEHAVIORAL COUNSELING INTERVENTIONS TO ADOLESCENT AND YOUNG ADULT MALES PRESENTING FOR SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION SCREENING
Creators: name: Bates, Kelly
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Background: More than two-thirds of sexually transmitted infections (STI) occur in Americans under age 25. There are nearly 20 million new STIs each year and this number is increasing.  Several organizations recommend including STI screening and behavioral counseling in every adolescent health appointment to reduce STI risk. However, adolescents and young adults (AYA), particularly males, do not consistently receive this care. This project aimed to improve the frequency and quality of behavioral counseling delivered to AYA males at a Health Department in North Carolina through development of an evidence-based staff workshop.
      Methods: This project was developed using quality improvement methodology. A chart review was completed of AYA males who presented for STI screening during a three-month period. These data were used to design the workshop. Attendees were asked to complete one pre- and two post-surveys to assess their perceptions of this curriculum. An additional chart review was completed after the workshop to assess for changes in staff documentation of behavioral counseling interventions delivered to AYA males presenting for STI screening in the 11 weeks after the workshop.
      Results: The initial chart audit highlighted potential areas for future staff training, including improving documentation practices, distribution of free condoms, and alcohol consumption classification. Overall, staff survey responses were positive and suggested that staff were receptive to incorporating behavioral counseling into patient encounters. After the workshop, there was a statistically significant improvement in the proportion of patients with documentation on their condom use (z = -2.64, p = 0.0042, one-tailed) and in the proportion of patients who were offered free condoms χ2 (2, N = 52) = 11.27, p = .004; (z = -2.64, p = 0.0042, one-tailed). There was also a significant decrease in the proportion of patients who had an unclassifiable alcohol consumption level  χ2 (4, N = 39) = 17.29, p = .002; (z= 3.33, p= 0.00043, one-tailed).
      Conclusions: Healthcare professionals should receive training as this has been demonstrated to improve the effectiveness of behavioral counseling. Importantly, this project suggests that HCPs are receptive to receiving training and that such training may improve the delivery of STI risk reducing interventions.
Uniform hyperbolicity in nonflat billiards
Creators: name: Kourganoff, Mickaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D20, 53D25, 70E55

description: Uniform hyperbolicity is a strong chaotic property which holds, in particular, for Sinai billiards. In this paper, we consider the case of a nonflat billiard, that is, a Riemannian manifold with boundary. Each trajectory follows the geodesic flow in the interior of the billiard, and bounces when it meets the boundary. We give a sufficient condition for a nonflat billiard to be uniformly hyperbolic. As a particular case, we obtain a new criterion to show that a closed surface has an Anosov geodesic flow.
description: 19 pages
title: Scour Downstream of a Broad Crested Drowned Weir
Creators: name: Chauhan, Rajat
name: Chaudhary, Rakesh Kumar
name: Ahmad, Zulfequar
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: A detrimental problem of scour downstream of a Bagmari Syphon in the feeder canal off taking from Farakka Barrage on the Ganga River, West Bengal, India has kindled our interest in understanding the scour process downstream of a broad crested drowned weir. A river was syphoned across the Feeder canal at Bagmari, flushing the top of the syphon with canal bed. However, the canal bed degraded over the years and resulted in exposure and protrusion of the syphon barrel above the canal bed and acting as a broad crested drowned weir. Due to the acceleration of flow over the barrel, scour has developed downstream of the barrel. This problem has been formulated and studied in the laboratory to study the scour process and its mitigation measures using boulders. Experiments have been carried out in the Hydraulics Laboratory of IIT Roorkee, India in a flume of 12.5 m length, 0.46 m width, 0.70 m depth for the different protruding height of weir and flow intensity, keeping ratio of shear stress of approach flow to critical shear stress less than unity. Study on factors affecting maximum scour depth and its temporal variation were analyzed graphically. The scour depth increases with an increase in protruding height of weir and flow intensity. It has been found that maximum scour reduces significantly using boulder apron. The maximum reduction in scour depth with boulder apron lies in the 44% - 68% range and the range of shift in maximum scour depth from weir with boulder apron was 1.6-1.8 times from the original location of maximum scour depth without boulder apron.
Nested Mini-Batch K-Means
Creators: name: Newling, James
name: Fleuret, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A new algorithm is proposed which accelerates the mini-batch k-means algorithm of Sculley (2010) by using the distance bounding approach of Elkan (2003). We argue that, when incorporating distance bounds into a mini-batch algorithm, already used data should preferentially be reused. To this end we propose using nested mini-batches, whereby data in a mini-batch at iteration t is automatically reused at iteration t+1. Using nested mini-batches presents two difficulties. The first is that unbalanced use of data can bias estimates, which we resolve by ensuring that each data sample contributes exactly once to centroids. The second is in choosing mini-batch sizes, which we address by balancing premature fine-tuning of centroids with redundancy induced slow-down. Experiments show that the resulting nmbatch algorithm is very effective, often arriving within 1% of the empirical minimum 100 times earlier than the standard mini-batch algorithm.
description: 8 pages + Supplementary Material. Version 2 : new experiments added. Version 3 : Add acknowledgments, upper case in title. Version 4 : Correct spelling of Acknowledgements, change title. Version 5: camera ready NIPS
title: Jet Scour in Cohesive and Non-Cohesive Soil
Creators: name: Di Nardi, J.
name: Palermo, M.
name: Pagliara, S.
name: Bombardelli, F. A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: A safe design of hydraulic structures depends on reliable estimations of the scour generated by the interaction between flow, structure, and bed sediments. Non-cohesive and cohesive soils are characterized by very different scour processes. Consequently, the behavior of the two soil types under scour has usually been studied separately. More specifically, cohesive soils are subjected to significant interparticle forces, which affect the properties of the material, resulting in different erosion mechanisms. Because of the complexity of the problem, erosion processes have been mainly investigated experimentally, resulting in a variety of case-dependent predicting equations. Recent theoretical advancements contributed to clarify the physics of scour in granular materials, paving the way to the development of general tools for its assessment. Nevertheless, a systematic characterization of local erosion in different types of soil is still lacking. The aim of this paper is to present an updated summary of current knowledge on scour caused by circular jets for cohesive and non-cohesive soils, highlighting differences and similarities of the scour phenomenon. In so doing, we also point out the still-challenging aspects and the future lines of research.
The Bilateral Impact of Nuclear Agreements Between the United States and Russia
Creators: name: Bird, Kristal
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The dyadic relationship between the United States and Russia is complicated due to differing political and economic ideologies, especially after World War II. The arms race through the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s, exaggerated their differences. However, the procurement of nuclear weapons from both states forced them into an unlikely partnership. How did nuclear technology impact their bilateral relationship besides arms control issues? In this paper, I argue that the policies created within this partnership went beyond discussions of armament and would not have been possible without two near-equal powers. First, I review the literature regarding their bilateral partnership and decision-making. Secondly, I address three nuclear policy case studies followed by a subsequent analysis of patterns and observations. The paper concludes with an assessment of how nuclear technology enabled the two states to create non-nuclear policies.