cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Molecular cytogenetics in Picea
Creators: name: Brown, Garth Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A fundamental characteristic of a species is its karyotype, a description of each chromosome. In spruce (Picea) and other conifer genera, chromosome identification is hindered by similarities in chromosome size and morphology within a species. Homeologous chromosomes of related species are also generally indistinguishable. The focus of this Ph.D thesis is the development of a new technology in conifer cytogenetics, in situ hybridization, to address these inherent difficulties and to establish procedures for the physical mapping of the spruce genome. In situ hybridization augments conventional cytogenetics with the methods of molecular biology and allows the visualization of defined DNA sequences along metaphase chromosomes and interphase chromatin. The chromosomal locations of three tandem repeated DNA sequences, including the genes encoding the 18S-5.8S-26S ribosomal RNA, those encoding the 5S ribosomal RNA, and a centromeric satellite DNA (SGR-31), were determined in white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) and Sitka spruce (P. sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.). A molecular description of the 5S ribosomal RNA genes and SGR-31 in white spruce, comprising their nuclear organization, nucleotide sequence and genomic copy number, was also performed. Combining in situ hybridization data from the 18S-5.8S-26S ribosomal RNA and the 5S ribosomal rRNA genes permitted the first unequivocal identification of each somatic chromosome of a conifer species. All three repeated DNAs were subsequently mapped onto the same metaphase spreads, producing the first cytogenetic maps of white and Sitka spruces. The white spruce map consists of twelve loci, seven corresponding to 18S-5.8S-26S ribosomal RNA loci, one to the 5S ribosomal DNA, and four to SGR-31 sites. Comparison of this map to that of Sitka spruce (five 18S-5.8S-26S ribosomal RNA loci, one 5S ribosomal RNA site, and five SGR-31 loci) revealed that despite the overall uniformity in appearance among homeologous chromosomes, the repeated DNA complement of these closely related spruce genomes is in flux. The prospects for the use of in situ hybridization in conifer genome analysis are immense. It’s greatest contribution, which hinges on improvements in detection sensitivity, will be in the integration of genetically defined linkage groups with the chromosomes on which they reside. Investigating the relationship between genetic linkage, recombination and chromosome structure or the co-linearity of gene sequences and chromosomal synteny among spruce species and other conifer genera, and the eventual cloning of genes based on map position, are now within the possibilities of conifer genetics.
Additional file 13 of The distribution of runs of homozygosity in the genome of river and swamp buffaloes reveals a history of adaptation, migration and crossbred events
Creators: name: Macciotta, Nicolo P. P.
name: Colli, Licia
name: Cesarani, Alberto
name: Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo
name: Low, Wai Y.
name: Tearle, Rick
name: Williams, John L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13: Figure S8. Relationship between number of ROH and total length of the genome covered by ROH (using ROH with length ≥ 4 Mb detected in the ALL_DATA set).
Learning Trajectories for Visual-Inertial System Calibration via Model-based Heuristic Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Chen, Le
name: Ao, Yunke
name: Tschopp, Florian
name: Cramariuc, Andrei
name: Breyer, Michel
name: Chung, Jen Jen
name: Siegwart, Roland
name: Cadena, Cesar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual-inertial systems rely on precise calibrations of both camera intrinsics and inter-sensor extrinsics, which typically require manually performing complex motions in front of a calibration target. In this work we present a novel approach to obtain favorable trajectories for visual-inertial system calibration, using model-based deep reinforcement learning. Our key contribution is to model the calibration process as a Markov decision process and then use model-based deep reinforcement learning with particle swarm optimization to establish a sequence of calibration trajectories to be performed by a robot arm. Our experiments show that while maintaining similar or shorter path lengths, the trajectories generated by our learned policy result in lower calibration errors compared to random or handcrafted trajectories.
Effects of Prandtl number and a new instability mode in a plane thermal plume
Creators: name: Lakkaraju, R.
name: Alam, Meheboob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of Prandtl number on the linear stability of a plane thermal plume is analyzed under quasi-parallel approximation. At large Prandtl numbers ($Pr>100$), we found that there is an additional unstable loop whose size increases with increasing $Pr$. The origin of this new instability mode is shown to be tied to the coupling of the momentum and thermal perturbation equations. Analyses of the perturbation kinetic energy and thermal energy suggest that the buoyancy force is the main source of perturbation energy at high Prandtl numbers that drives this instability.
Semi-supervised Pathology Segmentation with Disentangled Representations
Creators: name: Jiang, Haochuan
name: Chartsias, Agisilaos
name: Zhang, Xinheng
name: Papanastasiou, Giorgos
name: Semple, Scott
name: Dweck, Mark
name: Semple, David
name: Dharmakumar, Rohan
name: Tsaftaris, Sotirios A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated pathology segmentation remains a valuable diagnostic tool in clinical practice. However, collecting training data is challenging. Semi-supervised approaches by combining labelled and unlabelled data can offer a solution to data scarcity. An approach to semi-supervised learning relies on reconstruction objectives (as self-supervision objectives) that learns in a joint fashion suitable representations for the task. Here, we propose Anatomy-Pathology Disentanglement Network (APD-Net), a pathology segmentation model that attempts to learn jointly for the first time: disentanglement of anatomy, modality, and pathology. The model is trained in a semi-supervised fashion with new reconstruction losses directly aiming to improve pathology segmentation with limited annotations. In addition, a joint optimization strategy is proposed to fully take advantage of the available annotations. We evaluate our methods with two private cardiac infarction segmentation datasets with LGE-MRI scans. APD-Net can perform pathology segmentation with few annotations, maintain performance with different amounts of supervision, and outperform related deep learning methods.
description: 12 Pages, 4 figures
Relationship between the variations of hydrogen in HCNG fuel and the oxygen in exhausted gas
Creators: name: Preecha Yaom
name: Sarawoot Watechagit
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Hydrogen,Compressed natural gas,Oxygen sensor,Fuel mixing ratio,HCNG

description: 3, 42, KKU Engineering Journal
Li4-xGe1-xPxO4 a potential solid-state electrolyte for all-oxide microbatteries
Creators: name: Gilardi, E.
name: Materzanini, G.
name: Kahle, L.
name: Doebeli, M.
name: Lacey, S.
name: Cheng, X.
name: Marzari, N.
name: Pergolesi, D.
name: Hintennach, A.
name: Lippert, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid-state electrolytes for Li-ion batteries are attracting growing interest as they allow building safer batteries, also using lithium metal anodes. Here we studied a compound in the lithium superionic conductor (LISICON) family, i.e. Li4-xGe1-xPxO4 (LGPO). Thin films were deposited via pulsed laser deposition and their electrical properties were compared with ceramic pellets. A detailed characterization of the micro structure shows that thin films can be deposited fully crystalline at higher temperatures but also partially amorphous at room temperature. The conductivity is not strongly influenced by the presence of grain boundaries, exposure to air or lithium deficiencies. First-principles molecular dynamics simulations were employed to calculate the lithium ion diffusion profile and the conductivity at various temperatures of the ideal LGPO crystal. Simulations gives the upper limit of conductivity for a defect free crystal, which is in the range of 10-2 S cm-1 at 300 deg. The ease of thin film fabrication, the room-temperature Li-ion conductivity in the range of a few microS cm-1 make LGPO a very appealing electrolyte material for thin film all-solid-state all-oxide microbatteries.
Traversable Wormhole Solutions in $f(R)$ Gravity Via Karmarkar Condition
Creators: name: Shamir, M. Farasat
name: Fayyaz, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent proposals of possible wormhole shape functions, we construct a wormhole shape function by employing the Karmarkar condition for static traversable wormhole geometry. The proposed shape function generates wormhole geometry that connects two asymptotically flat regions of spacetime and satisfies the required conditions. Further, we discuss the embedding diagram in three-dimensional Euclidean space to present the wormhole configurations. The main feature of current study is to consider three well-known $f(R)$ gravity models, namely exponential gravity model, Starobinsky gravity Model and Tsujikawa $f(R)$ gravity model. Moreover, we investigate that our proposed shape function provides the wormhole solutions with less (or may be negligible) amount of exotic matter corresponding to the appropriate choice of $f(R)$ gravity models and suitable values of free parameters. Interestingly, the solutions obtained for this shape function generate stable static spherically symmetric wormhole structure in the context of non-existence theorem in $f(R)$ gravity. This may lead to a better analytical representation of wormhole solutions in other modified gravities for the suggested shape function.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Tunable coupling of qubits: nonadiabatic corrections
Creators: name: Hutter, Carsten
name: Shnirman, Alexander
name: Makhlin, Yuriy
name: Schön, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the coupling of qubits mediated by a tunable and fast element beyond the adiabatic approximation. The nonadiabatic corrections are important and even dominant in parts of the relevant parameter range. As an example, we consider the tunable capacitive coupling between two charge qubits mediated by a gated Josephson junction, as suggested by Averin and Bruder. The nonadiabatic, inductive contribution persists when the capacitive coupling is tuned to zero. On the other hand, the total coupling can be turned off (in the rotating wave approximation) if the qubits are operated at symmetry points.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted in Europhysics Letters
Η αρχιτεκτονική στο χώρο της Μακεδονίας από τον 4ο μέχρι τον 8ο αιώνα:
Creators: name: Βακατάρης, Κωνσταντίνος Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Αρχιτεκτονική
subject: Μακεδονία
subject: Ναός
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Macedonia
subject: Temple

description: Η εργασία αυτή αποτελεί μια διερεύνηση στην χριστιανική αρχιτεκτονική των μνημείων, από τον 4ο–8ο αιώνα. Παρουσιάζει την εσωτερική και εξωτερική αρχιτεκτονική κάθε μνημείου στο χώρο της Μακεδονίας και μελετά την ανάπτυξη της χριστιανικής τέχνης στην αρχιτεκτονική, που προσελκύει όλο και περισσότερο το ενδιαφέρον πολλών μελετητών. Μελετήθηκαν μνημεία χριστιανικού ενδιαφέροντος στην περιοχή των Φιλίππων και της Αμφίπολης, στη Θεσσαλονίκη και στην ευρύτερη περιοχή της Μακεδονίας. Από την μελέτη των παραπάνω συμπεραίνεται ότι στην περίοδο αυτή επικρατούν δύο θεμελιώδεις αρχιτεκτονικοί τύποι στην οικοδόμηση ναών: ο επιμήκης ορθογώνιος και ο περίκεντρος. Από το συνδυασμό των δύο αυτών αρχιτεκτονικών τύπων προέκυψε ένας νέος αρχιτεκτονικός ρυθμός που επικράτησε από τον 6ο έως τον 10ο αιώνα, ο τύπος της βασιλικής με τρούλο. Το υψηλό επίπεδο του αρχιτεκτονικού σχεδιασμού, και η επινοητικότητα των κατασκευαστών και των κτητόρων φαίνονται ολοφάνερα στο γλυπτό και πλούσιο διάκοσμο σε ψηφιδωτά των τοίχων και δαπέδων των ναών της περιόδου αυτής. Τέλος μπορούμε να αναφέρουμε ότι η αρχιτεκτονική στο χώρο της Μακεδονίας ακολουθεί τα πρότυπα της παλαιοχριστιανικής περιόδου γενικότερα.
description: This work constitutes an investigation in the Christian architecture of monuments, from the 4th to the 8th century. It presents internal and exterior architectural of each monument in the area of Macedonia and it studies the development of Christian art in the architecture, that it attracts more and more interesting many researchers. There were studied monuments of Christian interest in the region of Philippi and Amphipolis, in Thessaloniki and in the wider region of Macedonia. From the above study is concluded that in this period prevail two fundamental architectural types in the construction of temples: the oblong and the central plan. The combination of these two architectural types showed a new architectural style that prevailed from the 6th to the 10th century, the type of domed basilica. The high level of architectural design and the ingenuity of manufacturers and founders is clearly seen in sculpture and richly decorated in mosaic walls and floors of the temples of this period. Finally we can mention that the architecture in the area of Macedonia follows the models of the early Christian period in general.
Additional file 1 of The distribution of runs of homozygosity in the genome of river and swamp buffaloes reveals a history of adaptation, migration and crossbred events
Creators: name: Macciotta, Nicolo P. P.
name: Colli, Licia
name: Cesarani, Alberto
name: Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo
name: Low, Wai Y.
name: Tearle, Rick
name: Williams, John L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Minor allele frequency in river and swamp buffalos.
DeepReg: a deep learning toolkit for medical image registration
Creators: name: Fu, Yunguan
name: Brown, Nina Montaña
name: Saeed, Shaheer U.
name: Casamitjana, Adrià
name: Baum, Zachary M. C.
name: Delaunay, Rémi
name: Yang, Qianye
name: Grimwood, Alexander
name: Min, Zhe
name: Blumberg, Stefano B.
name: Iglesias, Juan Eugenio
name: Barratt, Dean C.
name: Bonmati, Ester
name: Alexander, Daniel C.
name: Clarkson, Matthew J.
name: Vercauteren, Tom
name: Hu, Yipeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: DeepReg (https://github.com/DeepRegNet/DeepReg) is a community-supported open-source toolkit for research and education in medical image registration using deep learning.
description: Accepted in The Journal of Open Source Software (JOSS)
Study of Inclusive B- and Bbar0 Decays to Flavor-Tagged D, D_s and Lambda_c
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a study of inclusive $B^-$ and $\bar{B}^0$ meson decays to ${D^0 X}$, ${\bar{D}^0 X}$, ${D^+ X}$, ${D^- X}$, ${D_s^+ X}$, ${D_s^- X}$, ${Λ_c^+ X}$, ${\barΛ_c^- X}$, based on a sample of 231 million $B\bar{B}$ events recorded with the BABAR detector at the $Υ{(4S)}$ resonance. Events are selected by completely reconstructing one $B$ and searching for a reconstructed charm particle in the rest of the event. From the measured branching fractions of these decays, we infer the number of charm and anti-charm particles per $\bar{B}$ decay, separately for charged and neutral parents. We derive the total charm yield per $B^-$ decay, $n_c^- = 1.202 \pm 0.023\pm 0.040^{+0.035}_{-0.029} $, and per $\bar{B}^0$ decay, $n_c^0 = 1.193 \pm 0.030\pm 0.034^{+0.044}_{-0.035}$ where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third reflects the charm branching-fraction uncertainties. We also present the charm momentum distributions measured in the $\bar{B}$ rest frame.
description: 16 pages, 24 postscript figues, submitted to PRD
The Sun's magnetic (Hale) cycle and 27 day recurrences in the $aa$ geomagnetic index
Creators: name: Chapman, S. C.
name: McIntosh, S. W.
name: Leamon, R. J.
name: Watkins, N. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a new solar cycle phase clock which maps each of the last 18 solar cycles onto a single normalized epoch for the approximately 22 year Hale (magnetic polarity) cycle, using the Hilbert transform of daily sunspot numbers (SSN) since 1818. The occurrences of solar maxima show almost no Hale cycle dependence, confirming that the clock is synchronized to polarity reversals. The odd cycle minima lead the even cycle minima by ~ 1.1 normalized years, whereas the odd cycle terminators (McIntosh et al. (2019)) lag the even cycle terminators by ~ 2.3 normalized years. The mimimum-terminator interval is thus relatively extended for odd cycles and shortened for even ones. We re-engineer the Sargent(1985,2021) R27 index and combine it with our epoch analysis to obtain a high time resolution parameter for 27 day recurrence in aa, . This reveals that the transition to recurrence, that is, to an ordered solar wind dominated by high speed streams, is fast, occurring within 2-3 solar rotations or less. It resolves an extended late declining phase which is approximately twice as long on even Schwabe cycles as odd. Galactic Cosmic Ray flux rises in step with but then stays high. Our analysis also identifies a slow timescale trend in SSN that simply tracks the Gleissberg cycle. We find that this trend is in phase with the slow timescale trend in the modulus of sunspot latitudes, and in antiphase with that of the R27 index.
description: 27 pages (manuscript) 12 Figures
A Canonical Analysis of the Einstein-Hilbert Action in First Order Form
Creators: name: Kiriushcheva, N.
name: Kuzmin, S. V.
name: McKeon, D. G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Dirac constraint formalism, we examine the canonical structure of the Einstein-Hilbert action $S_d = \frac{1}{16πG} \int d^dx \sqrt{-g} R$, treating the metric $g_{αβ}$ and the symmetric affine connection $Γ_{μν}^λ$ as independent variables. For $d > 2$ tertiary constraints naturally arise; if these are all first class, there are $d(d-3)$ independent variables in phase space, the same number that a symmetric tensor gauge field $ϕ_{μν}$ possesses. If $d = 2$, the Hamiltonian becomes a linear combination of first class constraints obeying an SO(2,1) algebra. These constraints ensure that there are no independent degrees of freedom. The transformation associated with the first class constraints is not a diffeomorphism when $d = 2$; it is characterized by a symmetric matrix $ξ_{μν}$. We also show that the canonical analysis is different if $h^{αβ} = \sqrt{-g} g^{αβ}$ is used in place of $g^{αβ}$ as a dynamical variable when $d = 2$, as in $d$ dimensions, $\det h^{αβ} = - (\sqrt{-g})^{d-2}$. A comparison with the formalism used in the ADM analysis of the Einstein-Hilbert action in first order form is made by applying this approach in the two dimensional case with $h^{αβ}$ and $Γ_{μν}^λ$ taken to be independent variables.
description: 21 pages, published in Int. J. Mod. Phys. A, Vol. 21, 3401-3420 (2006)
A systematic search of Zwicky Transient Facility data for ultracompact binary LISA-detectable gravitational-wave sources
Creators: name: Burdge, Kevin B.
name: Prince, Thomas A.
name: Fuller, Jim
name: Kaplan, David L.
name: Marsh, Thomas R.
name: Tremblay, Pier-Emmanuel
name: Zhuang, Zhuyun
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Caiazzo, Ilaria
name: Coughlin, Michael W.
name: Dhillon, Vik S.
name: Gaensicke, Boris
name: Rodriguez-Gil, Pablo
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Hermes, J. J.
name: Kupfer, Thomas
name: Littlefair, S. P.
name: Mroz, Przemek
name: Phinney, E. S.
name: van Roestel, Jan
name: Yao, Yuhan
name: Dekany, Richard G.
name: Drake, Andrew J.
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Hale, David
name: Feeney, Michael
name: Helou, George
name: Kaye, Stephen
name: Mahabal, Ashish. A.
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Riddle, Reed
name: Smith, Roger
name: Soumagnac, Maayane T.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using photometry collected with the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), we are conducting an ongoing survey for binary systems with short orbital periods ($P_{\rm b}<1\rm \,hr)$ with the goal of identifying new gravitational-wave sources detectable by the upcoming Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). Here, we present a sample of fifteen binary systems discovered thus far, with orbital periods ranging from $6.91\rm\,min$ to $56.35\rm\,min$. Of the fifteen systems, seven are eclipsing systems which do not show signs of significant mass transfer. Additionally, we have discovered two AM Canum Venaticorum (AM CVn) systems and six systems exhibiting primarily ellipsoidal variations in their light curves. We present follow-up spectroscopy and high-speed photometry confirming the nature of these systems, estimates of their LISA signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), and a discussion of their physical characteristics.
description: 32 pages, 12 figures, 7 tables, submitted to ApJ
Additional file 2 of The distribution of runs of homozygosity in the genome of river and swamp buffaloes reveals a history of adaptation, migration and crossbred events
Creators: name: Macciotta, Nicolo P. P.
name: Colli, Licia
name: Cesarani, Alberto
name: Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo
name: Low, Wai Y.
name: Tearle, Rick
name: Williams, John L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Plot of linkage disequilibrium (r2) according to the distance between markers in river and swamp.
Trilinear Higgs couplings in the two Higgs doublet model with CP violation
Creators: name: Osland, Per
name: Pandita, P. N.
name: Selbuz, Levent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out a detailed analysis of the general two Higgs doublet model with CP violation. We describe two different parametrizations of this model, and then study the Higgs boson masses and the trilinear Higgs couplings for these two parametrizations. Within a rather general model, we find that the trilinear Higgs couplings have a significant dependence on the details of the model, even when the lightest Higgs boson mass is taken to be a fixed parameter. We include radiative corrections in the one-loop effective potential approximation in our analysis of the Higgs boson masses and the Higgs trilinear couplings. The one-loop corrections to the trilinear couplings of the two Higgs doublet model also depend significantly on the details of the model, and can be rather large. We study quantitatively the trilinear Higgs couplings, and show that these couplings are typically several times larger than the corresponding Standard Model trilinear Higgs coupling in some regions of the parameter space. We also briefly discuss the decoupling limit of the two Higgs doublet model.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures. v2: References added, version to appear in PRD
Anomalous electrical and frictionless flow conductance in complex networks
Creators: name: López, Eduardo
name: Carmi, Shai
name: Havlin, Shlomo
name: Buldyrev, Sergey V.
name: Stanley, H. Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study transport properties such as electrical and frictionless flow conductance on scale-free and Erdos-Renyi networks. We consider the conductance G between two arbitrarily chosen nodes where each link has the same unit resistance. Our theoretical analysis for scale-free networks predicts a broad range of values of G, with a power-law tail distribution Φ_{SF}(G) \sim G^{g_G}, where g_G = 2λ- 1, where λis the decay exponent for the scale-free network degree distribution. We confirm our predictions by simulations of scale-free networks solving the Kirchhoff equations for the conductance between a pair of nodes. The power-law tail in Φ_{SF}(G) leads to large values of G, thereby significantly improving the transport in scale-free networks, compared to Erdos-Renyi networks where the tail of the conductivity distribution decays exponentially. Based on a simple physical 'transport backbone' picture we suggest that the conductances of scale-free and Erdos-Renyi networks can be approximated by ck_Ak_B/(k_A+k_B) for any pair of nodes A and B with degrees k_A and k_B. Thus, a single quantity c, which depends on the average degree of the network, characterizes transport on both scale-free and Erdos-Renyi networks. We determine that c tends to 1 for increasing , and it is larger for scale-free networks. We compare the electrical results with a model for frictionless transport, where conductance is defined as the number of link-independent paths between A and B, and find that a similar picture holds. The effects of distance on the value of conductance are considered for both models, and some differences emerge. Finally, we use a recent data set for the AS (autonomous system) level of the Internet and confirm that our results are valid in this real-world example.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures
Conditional Likelihood Ratio Test with Many Weak Instruments
Creators: name: Ayyar, Sreevidya
name: Matsushita, Yukitoshi
name: Otsu, Taisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper extends validity of the conditional likelihood ratio (CLR) test developed by Moreira (2003) to instrumental variable regression models with unknown error variance and many weak instruments. In this setting, we argue that the conventional CLR test with estimated error variance loses exact similarity and is asymptotically invalid. We propose a modified critical value function for the likelihood ratio (LR) statistic with estimated error variance, and prove that this modified test achieves asymptotic validity under many weak instrument asymptotics. Our critical value function is constructed by representing the LR using four statistics, instead of two as in Moreira (2003). A simulation study illustrates the desirable properties of our test.
The Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property on the space of $c_0$-sum
Creators: name: Choi, Geunsu
name: Kim, Sun Kwang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46B04, Secondary 46B07, 46B20

description: The main purpose of this paper is to study Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás type properties on $c_0$ sum of Banach spaces. Among other results, we show that the pair $(c_0(X),Y)$ has the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property (in short, BPBp) for operators whenever $X$ is uniformly convex and $Y$ is (complex) uniformly convex. We also prove that the pair $(c_0(X),c_0(X))$ has the BPBp for bilinear forms whenever $X$ is both uniformly convex and uniformly smooth. These extend the previously known results that $(c_0,Y)$ has the BPBp for operators whenever $Y$ is uniformly convex and $(c_0,c_0)$ has the BPBp for bilinear forms. We also obtain some results on a local BPBp which is called $\mathbf{L}_{p,p}$ for both operators and bilinear forms.
description: 11 pages
Spectral signatures of photosynthesis I: Review of Earth organisms
Creators: name: Kiang, Nancy Y.
name: Siefert, Janet
name: Govindjee
name: Blankenship, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Why do plants reflect in the green and have a 'red edge' in the red, and should extrasolar photosynthesis be the same? We provide: 1) a brief review of how photosynthesis works; 2) an overview of the diversity of photosynthetic organisms, their light harvesting systems, and environmental ranges; 3) a synthesis of photosynthetic surface spectral signatures; 4) evolutionary rationales for photosynthetic surface reflectance spectra with regard to utilization of photon energy and the planetary light environment. Given the surface incident photon flux density spectrum and resonance transfer in light harvesting, we propose some rules with regard to where photosynthetic pigments will peak in absorbance: a) the wavelength of peak incident photon flux; b) the longest available wavelength for core antenna or reaction center pigments; and c) the shortest wavelengths within an atmospheric window for accessory pigments. That plants absorb less green light may not be an inefficient legacy of evolutionary history, but may actually satisfy the above criteria.
description: 69 pages, 7 figures, forthcoming in Astrobiology March 2007
Additional file 3 of The distribution of runs of homozygosity in the genome of river and swamp buffaloes reveals a history of adaptation, migration and crossbred events
Creators: name: Macciotta, Nicolo P. P.
name: Colli, Licia
name: Cesarani, Alberto
name: Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo
name: Low, Wai Y.
name: Tearle, Rick
name: Williams, John L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Frequency distribution of ROH across chromosomes in river (black bars) and swamp (white bars) buffalo.
Οβιδίου Μεταμορφώσεις 13, 750-13, 897. Ο μύθος του Κύκλωπα και της Γαλάτειας:
Creators: name: Γαϊτανίδου, Πολυξένη Ιωάννη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: Οβιδίου Μεταμορφώσεις
Κύκλωπας Πολύφημος και Γαλάτεια
Διακειμενική ανάγνωση του μύθου
Θεόκριτος Ειδύλλια
Ovid's Metamorphoses
Cyclops Polyphemus and Galatea
Intertextual reading of myth
Theocritus-Idylls

description: Οι Μεταμορφώσεις του Οβιδίου είναι ένα λατινικό έργο του τέλους του πρώτου προχριστιανικού αιώνα. Η παρούσα εργασία εξετάζει έναν από τους ποικίλους μύθους των Μεταμορφώσεων, τον ανεκπλήρωτο πόθο του κύκλωπα Πολυφήμου για την ωραία Γαλάτεια και την μεταμόρφωση του Άκι, εραστή της Γαλάτειας, σε ποτάμι. Ο Οβίδιος επεξεργάζεται το υλικό του έχοντας ως πρότυπό του την επεξεργασία του μύθου από προγενέστερους του ποιητές (Όμηρος, Θεόκριτος, Βιργίλιος). Μέσα από τη διακειμενική ανάγνωση του έργου διαπιστώνουμε τις καινοτομίες που επιφέρει ο Οβίδιος σε σχέση με τους προκατόχους, οι οποίες περιστρέφονται γύρω από τον κεντρικό άξονα της παρωδίας και του χιούμορ. Το λογοτεχνικό χιούμορ του Οβιδίου είναι κυρίως βασισμένο σε ασυμφωνίες και την υπερβολή (Πολύφημος και Γαλάτεια), αναμεμειγμένο με ένα στοιχείο θράσους. Το χιούμορ του είναι γενικά ειρωνικό παρά σατιρικό.
description: Ovid's Metamorphoses is a Latin work dating from the end of the first century BC. The present paper examines one of the many myths of Metamorphoses--the unfulfilled love of cyclops Polyphemus for beautiful Galatea and the metamorphosis of Acis, Galatea's lover, into a river. Ovid's adaptation has as its model the adaptations of the myth by earlier poets (Homer, Theocritus, Virgil). In an intertextual reading of the work I detect innovations revolving around the central axis of parody and humor introduced by Ovid in relation to his predecessors. Ovid's literary humor is mostly based on inconsonances and hyperbole (Polyphemus and Galatea) blended with a touch of audacity. His humor is generally ironic and not satirical.
The Cloud Factory II: Gravoturbulent Kinematics of Resolved Molecular Clouds in a Galactic Potential
Creators: name: Izquierdo, Andres F.
name: Smith, Rowan J.
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Tress, Robin G.
name: Sormani, Mattia C.
name: Clark, Paul C.
name: Duarte-Cabral, Ana
name: Zucker, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a statistical analysis of the gravoturbulent velocity fluctuations in molecular cloud complexes extracted from our "Cloud Factory" galactic-scale ISM simulation suite. For this purpose, we produce non-LTE $^{12}$CO J=1-0 synthetic observations and apply the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) reduction technique on a representative sample of cloud complexes. The velocity fluctuations are self-consistently generated by different physical mechanisms at play in our simulations, which include galactic-scale forces, gas self-gravity, and supernova feedback. The statistical analysis suggests that, even though purely gravitational effects are necessary to reproduce standard observational laws, they are not sufficient in most cases. We show that the extra injection of energy from supernova explosions plays a key role in establishing the global turbulent field and the local dynamics and morphology of molecular clouds. Additionally, we characterise structure function scaling parameters as a result of cloud environmental conditions: some of the complexes are immersed in diffuse (inter-arm) or dense (spiral-arm) environments, and others are influenced by embedded or external supernovae. In quiescent regions, we obtain time-evolving trajectories of scaling parameters driven by gravitational collapse and supersonic turbulent flows. Our findings suggests that a PCA-based statistical study is a robust method to diagnose the physical mechanisms that drive the gravoturbulent properties of molecular clouds. Also, we present a new open source module, the PCAFACTORY, which smartly performs PCA to extract velocity structure functions from simulated or real data of the ISM in a user-friendly way. Software DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3822718
description: 29 pages, 15 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: The Providing Enhanced ACcess to Health Services (PEACH) Evaluation – A Priority Populations Program of Study
Creators: name: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3243-8176
Publisher: name: https://ror.org/02stey378
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02stey378
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Background: Children and young people (0–16 years, 17–24 years) with intellectual disability have long been known to experience inequities in accessing healthcare1,2. They show a significant difference in health outcomes and life expectancy when compared with the general population. Sometimes this is associated with their diagnosis or disability but is more commonly a result of healthcare barriers and systems that do not meet their needs. In addition, for those who receive healthcare, many have negative experiences, including adverse patient safety events such as medication errors, wrong procedures or iatrogenic injury3,4. One of the key barriers cited in literature relates to be difficulties in identification of flagging of these children and young people in need of reasonable adjustments5. In response the Sydney Children’s Hospital’s network (SCHN) has developed an alert and flagging system – All About Me- that staff can use to record information about the child or young person in need of adjustments.  It is meant to inform clinical teams whether they need to make reasonable adjustments to improve the safety, quality and experience of hospital care for vulnerable children and young people.   Aim: To investigate the reach of the All About Me improvement initiative. Research questions: 1) what is the efficacy of the time  in enabling reasonable adjustments and 2) what is the impact on children and adolescents with intellectual and developmental disability ID/IDD experience and outcomes.
DarpanX: A Python Package for Modeling X-ray Reflectivity of Multilayer Mirrors
Creators: name: Mondal, Biswajit
name: Vadawale, Santosh V.
name: Mithun, N. P. S.
name: Vaishnava, C. S.
name: Tiwari, Neeraj K.
name: Goyal, S. K.
name: Panini, Singam S.
name: Navalkar, Vinita
name: Karmakar, Chiranjit
name: Patel, Mansukhlal R.
name: Upadhyay, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multilayer X-ray mirrors consist of a coating of a large number of alternate layers of high Z and low Z materials with a typical thickness of 10-100 Angstrom, on a suitable substrate. Such coatings play an important role in enhancing the reflectivity of X-ray mirrors by allowing reflections at angles much larger than the critical angle of X-ray reflection for the given materials. Coating with an equal thickness of each bilayer enhances the reflectivity at discrete energies, satisfying Bragg condition. However, by systematically varying the bilayer thickness in the multilayer stack, it is possible to design X-ray mirrors having enhanced reflectivity over a broad energy range. One of the most important applications of such a depth graded multilayer mirror is to realize hard X-ray telescopes for astronomical purposes. Design of such multilayer X-ray mirrors and their characterization with X-ray reflectivity measurements require appropriate software tools. We have initiated the development of hard X-ray optics for future Indian X-ray astronomical missions, and in this context, we have developed a program, DarpanX, to calculate X-ray reflectivity for single and multilayer mirrors. It can be used as a stand-alone tool for designing multilayer mirrors with required characteristics. But more importantly, it has been implemented as a local model for the popular X-ray spectral fitting program, XSPEC, and thus can be used for accurate fitting of the experimentally measured X-ray reflectivity data. DarpanX is implemented as a Python 3 module, and an API is provided to access the underlying algorithms. Here we present details of DarpanX implementation and its validation for different type multilayer structures. We also demonstrate the model fitting capability of DarpanX for experimental X-ray reflectivity measurements of single and multilayer samples.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Computing, 13 pages, 9 figures
Max-Fusion U-Net for Multi-Modal Pathology Segmentation with Attention and Dynamic Resampling
Creators: name: Jiang, Haochuan
name: Wang, Chengjia
name: Chartsias, Agisilaos
name: Tsaftaris, Sotirios A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automatic segmentation of multi-sequence (multi-modal) cardiac MR (CMR) images plays a significant role in diagnosis and management for a variety of cardiac diseases. However, the performance of relevant algorithms is significantly affected by the proper fusion of the multi-modal information. Furthermore, particular diseases, such as myocardial infarction, display irregular shapes on images and occupy small regions at random locations. These facts make pathology segmentation of multi-modal CMR images a challenging task. In this paper, we present the Max-Fusion U-Net that achieves improved pathology segmentation performance given aligned multi-modal images of LGE, T2-weighted, and bSSFP modalities. Specifically, modality-specific features are extracted by dedicated encoders. Then they are fused with the pixel-wise maximum operator. Together with the corresponding encoding features, these representations are propagated to decoding layers with U-Net skip-connections. Furthermore, a spatial-attention module is applied in the last decoding layer to encourage the network to focus on those small semantically meaningful pathological regions that trigger relatively high responses by the network neurons. We also use a simple image patch extraction strategy to dynamically resample training examples with varying spacial and batch sizes. With limited GPU memory, this strategy reduces the imbalance of classes and forces the model to focus on regions around the interested pathology. It further improves segmentation accuracy and reduces the mis-classification of pathology. We evaluate our methods using the Myocardial pathology segmentation (MyoPS) combining the multi-sequence CMR dataset which involves three modalities. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model which outperforms the related baselines.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, conference paper
Additional file 4 of The distribution of runs of homozygosity in the genome of river and swamp buffaloes reveals a history of adaptation, migration and crossbred events
Creators: name: Macciotta, Nicolo P. P.
name: Colli, Licia
name: Cesarani, Alberto
name: Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo
name: Low, Wai Y.
name: Tearle, Rick
name: Williams, John L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S3. Distribution of the average ROH length per chromosome in river (white bars) and swamp (black bars) buffalo populations.
Gas mass fraction from XMM-Newton and Chandra high redshift clusters and its use as a cosmological test
Creators: name: Ferramacho, Luis
name: Blanchard, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the cosmological test based on the evolution of the gas fraction in X-ray galaxy clusters and the stability of the cosmological parameters derived from it. Using a sample of distant clusters observed by XMM-Newton and Chandra, and comparing their gas fraction at different radii to the gas fraction observed for nearby clusters, we have determined the likelihood functions for $Ω_m$ in a flat universe and the confidence contours in the $Ω_m-Ω_Λ$ plane. Results obtained at the virial radius point to a high matter density Universe, while for inner radii the $Ω_m$ parameter obtained tends to decrease, reaching values compatible with the concordance model. The analysis allows us to conclude that this test provides ambiguous results due to the complex structure of the ICM that induces a dependence of the gas fraction with temperature, radius, and redshift which cannot be accounted by a self similar argument expected in pure gravitational heating of the ICM. The use of gas fraction in X-ray clusters to constrain cosmological parameters seems therefore to be compromised until a better understanding of the ICM physics and the ability to obtain observations of better quality up to the virial radius are achieved.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, final version, accepted for publication in A&A
Investigating the I-Love-Q and w-mode Universal Relations Using Piecewise Polytropes
Creators: name: Benitez, Ernesto
name: Weller, Joseph
name: Guedes, Victor
name: Chirenti, Cecilia
name: Miller, M. Coleman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron stars are expected to have a tight relation between their moment of inertia ($I$), tidal deformability ($λ$, which is related to the Love number), and rotational mass quadrupole moment ($Q$) that is nearly independent of the unknown equation of state (EoS) of cold dense matter. These and similar relations are often called "universal", and they have been used for various applications including analysis of gravitational wave data. We extend these studies using piecewise polytropic representations of dense matter, including for so-called twin stars that have a second branch of stability at high central densities. The second-branch relations are less tight, by a factor of $\sim 3$, than the relations found in the first stable branch. We find that the relations on both branches become tighter when we increase the lower limit to the maximum mass for the EoS under consideration. We also propose new empirical relations between $I$, $λ$, $Q$, and the complex frequency $ω=ω_R+iω_I$ of the fundamental axial $w$-mode, and find that they are comparably tight to the I-Love-Q correlations.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Physical Review D
Stochastic Channel Models for Massive and XL-MIMO Systems
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Lígia May
name: Abrão, Taufik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, stochastic channel models for massive MIMO (M-MIMO) and extreme large MIMO (XL- MIMO) system applications are described, evaluated and systematically compared. This work aims to cover new aspects of massive MIMO stochastic channel models in a comprehensive and systematic way. For that, we compare different models, presenting graphically and intuitively the behavior of each model. Each massive MIMO channel model emulates the environment using different methodologies and properties. Using metrics such as capacity, SINR, singular values decomposition (SVD), and condition number, one can understand the influence of each characteristic on the modelling and how it differentiates from other models. Moreover, in new XL-MIMO scenarios, where the near-field and visible region (VR) effects arise, our finding demonstrate that for the two assumed schemes of clusters distribution, the clusters location influences the performance of the conjugate beamforming and zero-forcing (ZF) precoding due to the correlation effect, which have been analysed from the geometric massive MIMO channel models.
description: 30 pages, 17 figures, 4 tables, accepted paper in ETT-Wiley journal
Additional file 5 of The distribution of runs of homozygosity in the genome of river and swamp buffaloes reveals a history of adaptation, migration and crossbred events
Creators: name: Macciotta, Nicolo P. P.
name: Colli, Licia
name: Cesarani, Alberto
name: Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo
name: Low, Wai Y.
name: Tearle, Rick
name: Williams, John L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. Top ten most frequently detected ROH in the ALL_DATA set.