cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED FALLOWS IN KENYA: HISTORY, FARMER PRACTICE, AND IMPACTS
Creators: name: Place, Frank
name: Franzel, Steven Charles
name: Noordin, Qureish
name: Jama, Bashir
name: Place, Frank
name: Franzel, Steven Charles
name: Noordin, Qureish
name: Jama, Bashir
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: agroforestry
subject: soil fertility
subject: Kenya
subject: adoption
subject: impact
subject: technology

description: This case study explores the development, dissemination, adoption, and impact of improved tree fallows in rural western Kenya. The processes of technology development and dissemination throughout the region are described and analyzed. To analyze adoption and impact, the paper applies a variety of different data collection methods as well as samples from both pilot areas where researchers maintained a significant presence and non-pilot areas where farmers learned of the technologies through other channels. Sample sizes for the quantitative analysis ranged from almost 2,000 households for measuring the adoption process to just over 100 households for measuring impact indicators. Qualitative methods included long-term case studies for 40 households and focus group discussions involving 16 different groups. The paper describes the ways in which farmers used and modified improved fallow practices. Discussion also examines the types of households using fallows and benefiting from their use. Empirical results suggest that improved fallows almost always double on-farm maize yields. In addition, the data indicates that poor households use improved fallows at much greater rate (about 30 percent) than they do fertilizer (8 percent), though, on average, the size of fallow plots remains small, at 440m2. As a result, despite these promising signs, the improved fallow systems were not found to be linked to improved household level food security or poverty indicators primarily, primarily because the size of the fields under the agroforestry systems was on average, quite small.
Detecting Group Beliefs Related to 2018's Brazilian Elections in Tweets A Combined Study on Modeling Topics and Sentiment Analysis
Creators: name: Santana, Brenda Salenave
name: Vanin, Aline Aver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: 2018's Brazilian presidential elections highlighted the influence of alternative media and social networks, such as Twitter. In this work, we perform an analysis covering politically motivated discourses related to the second round in Brazilian elections. In order to verify whether similar discourses reinforce group engagement to personal beliefs, we collected a set of tweets related to political hashtags at that moment. To this end, we have used a combination of topic modeling approach with opinion mining techniques to analyze the motivated political discourses. Using SentiLex-PT, a Portuguese sentiment lexicon, we extracted from the dataset the top 5 most frequent group of words related to opinions. Applying a bag-of-words model, the cosine similarity calculation was performed between each opinion and the observed groups. This study allowed us to observe an exacerbated use of passionate discourses in the digital political scenario as a form of appreciation and engagement to the groups which convey similar beliefs.
Notes on the post-bounce background dynamics in bouncing cosmologies
Creators: name: An, Ok Song
name: Kang, Jin U
name: Kim, Thae Hyok
name: Mun, Ui Ri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the post-bounce background dynamics in a certain class of single bounce scenarios studied in the literature, in which the cosmic bounce is driven by a scalar field with negative exponential potential such as the ekpyrotic potential. We show that those models can actually lead to cyclic evolutions with repeated bounces. These cyclic evolutions, however, do not account for the currently observed late-time accelerated expansion and hence are not cosmologically viable. In this respect we consider a new kind of cyclic model proposed recently and derive some cosmological constraints on this model.
description: 26 pages, 15 figures. Significantly revised and accepted version for JHEP
Lifetime Reproductive Performance of Brood Cows Representing First-Crosses Between Three Exotic and Three British Breeds
Creators: name: Fredeen, H. T.
name: Lawson, J. E.
name: Rahnefeld, G.W.
name: Newman, J. A.
name: Weiss, G. M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1980

description: Prior to 1900, the North American beef industry was dominated by the three British breeds, the Angus, Hereford and Shorthorn introduced to this continent by early settlers. Differences in their ability to adapt to the wide range in environmental conditions were reflected in differences in rates of expansion and geographical dispersion. Cattle of predominantly Hereford breeding proved most adaptable to extensive rangeland management and they had come to predominate on the semi-arid Western plains. Elsewhere the three breeds were of approximately equal importance with some preference for Shorthorn under circumstances where both milk and beef production were desired.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1980
The dilute Fermi gas via Bogoliubov theory
Creators: name: Falconi, Marco
name: Giacomelli, Emanuela L.
name: Hainzl, Christian
name: Porta, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground state properties of interacting Fermi gases in the dilute regime, in three dimensions. We compute the ground state energy of the system, for positive interaction potentials. We recover a well-known expression for the ground state energy at second order in the particle density, which depends on the interaction potential only via its scattering length. The first proof of this result has been given by Lieb, Seiringer and Solovej. In this paper we give a new derivation of this formula, using a different method; it is inspired by Bogoliubov theory, and it makes use of the almost-bosonic nature of the low-energy excitations of the systems. With respect to previous work, our result applies to a more regular class of interaction potentials, but it comes with improved error estimates on the ground state energy asymptotics in the density.
description: 52 pages
Embryo Transfer for the Practitioner
Creators: name: Mapletoft, Reuben J.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1980

description: The advent of "on-farm" embryo transfer has provided the opportunity for practicing veterinarians to become involved. Embryo transfer, under the direct supervision of a practicing veterinarian, has become an important part of many breeders' programs.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1980
COST ASPECTS OF AFRICAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
Creators: name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Roseboom, Johannes
name: Beintema, Nienke M.
name: Chan-Kang, Connie
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Roseboom, Johannes
name: Beintema, Nienke M.
name: Chan-Kang, Connie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Spending per scientist declined precipitously within African agricultural R&D agencies over the past several decades. In 1991, average cost per researcher across 147 R&D agencies was $119,300 in 1985 international dollars–or US$59,500 when measured in United States rather than international dollars—34 percent below the corresponding 1961 figure. This trend reflects the rapid growth in numbers of scientific staff compared with the slow growth in funds to support them. Comparatively low, and often shrinking, real salaries per scientist are a factor too. African scientists were paid an average of US$5,000 in 1991 (or roughly US$7,500 with fringe benefits included), while comparable average salaries for academic staff working in large public universities in the United States were $58,889 (or $72,667 with fringe benefits included). The new, agency-level data reported in this paper reveal significant variation in the costs per scientist not apparent from the country averages. From the 147 agencies for which we have data, spending per scientist in 1991 ranged from a low of $16,400 for WRRU, Zambia, to $400,000 for ARD, Swaziland (in 1985 international dollars). There were 67 agencies (46 percent) that spent less than $100,000 per scientist per annum. We used some simple econometric procedures applied to a sub-sample of 107 agencies in 21 countries to investigate reason for the large variation in costs per scientist. The intensity of support staff per scientist and the intensity with which expatriate researchers are used are important sources of variation. Larger stations lowered the costs and having more significant influence on its costs. Semipublic agencies typically spent considerably more per scientist than government agencies with 1991 figures of $207,700 for the former, compared with around $104,600 for the latter (in 1985 international dollars). GDP per capita and various other unspecified, country-specific effects also accounted for much of the observed variation in costs per scientist.
The Use of a Luteolytic Agent as a Treatment for Metritis
Creators: name: Lamothe, P.
name: Menard, D.-P.
name: Couture, Y.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1980

description: Metritis is one of the most common pathologies faced by the practitioner. In Quebec, the cattle population is just below two million head, and Veticare statistics indicate 493,000 diagnoses and treatments on genital tract of the cow out of 933, 000 diagnoses of disease in cattle. It means that 53% of the total veterinary medical work is theriogenology. Metritis was involved in 78,000 cases or 16% of the genital tract diagnosis. These ratios did not change significantly since three years.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1980
Major Statistical Series of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Volume 1: Agricultural Prices, Expenditures, Farm Employment, and Wages
Creators: name: Economic Research Service
name: National Agricultural Statistics Service
name: Economic Research Service
name: National Agricultural Statistics Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Prices paid by farmers
subject: prices received by formers
subject: price indexes
subject: parity prices
subject: parity ratio
subject: farm expenditures
subject: employment
subject: farm wages

description: The U.S. Department of Agriculture's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) publishes series on prices paid and received by farmers. Current price estimates include monthly prices received for most major commodities and for selected production items. This volume describes NASS procedures for estimating prices and the related price indexes and outlines concepts underlying parity price calculations and the parity ratio. Methods used for the Farm Costs and Returns Survey are described. Finally, preparation of the farm employment and wage rate series is discussed.
description: This set of 12 volumes on the Major Statistical Series of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (Agriculture Handbook No. 671) is the second revision that supersedes the original volumes published during 1957-60. The first revision was completed in 1972.
RESEARCH RETURNS REDUX: A META-ANALYSIS OF THE RETURNS TO AGRICULTURAL R&D
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Marra, Michele C.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Wyatt, T.J.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Marra, Michele C.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Wyatt, T.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: A total of 294 studies of returns to agricultural R&D (including extension) were compiled and these studies provide 1,858 separate estimates of rates of return. This includes some extreme values, which are implausible. Then the highest and lowest 2.5 percent of the rates of return were set aside, the estimated annual rates of return averaged 73 percent overall—88 percent for research only, 45 percent for research and extension, and 79 percent for extension only. But these averages reveal little meaningful information from a large and diverse body of literature, which provides rate-of –return estimates that are often not directly comparable. The purpose of this study was to go behind the average, and try to account for the sources of differences, in a meta-analysis of the studies of returns to agricultural R&D. The results conform with the theory and prior beliefs in many ways. Several features of the methods used by research evaluators matter, in particular assumptions about lag lengths and the nature of the research-included supply shift.
Hadron production in central nucleus-nucleus collisions at chemical freeze-out
Creators: name: Andronic, A.
name: Braun-Munzinger, P.
name: Stachel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the experimental hadron yield ratios for central nucleus-nucleus collisions in terms of thermal model calculations over a broad energy range, $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=2.7-200 GeV. The fits of the experimental data with the model calculations provide the thermal parameters, temperature and baryo-chemical potential at chemical freeze-out. We compare our results with the values obtained in other studies and also investigate more technical aspects such as a potential bias in the fits when fitting particle ratios or yields. Using parametrizations of the temperature and baryonic chemical potential as a function of energy, we compare the model calculations with data for a large variety of hadron yield ratios. We provide quantitative predictions for experiments at LHC energy, as well as for the low RHIC energy of 62.4 GeV. The relation of the determined parameters with the QCD phase boundary is discussed.
description: 38 pages, 25 figures - accepted to Nucl. Phys. A; v2: update fits of 4pi data,update on NA44 data at top SPS, fits at top RHIC without resonances; v3: include fits of absolute yields (appendix). Model calculations and data files available at http://www-linux.gsi.de/~andronic/physics/s/s.html
Farmers' Produce Markets in the United States: Part II, Plans and Facilities
Creators: name: Hurst, W. M.
name: Hurst, W. M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1947
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: People have always maintained close ties with their market places. For centuries, crude production and simple distribution impelled direct trading between producers and consumers. Perhaps this helps to explain the enduring ambition of these two groups to span the gap between them. This report deals with plans and facilities of these markets where farmers and farm women sell their products, in many Instances directly to the consumer. There were in 1946 approximately 750 of these outlets for farm produce throughout the country. Thirty- seven farmers' markets were visited in 17 States and the District of Columbia to study plans, structures, and equipment in order to provide information helpful to farmers' cooperatives who may be planning to build new markets or improve their old ones. Those studied included six general types of Farmers Markets: Women's, City Retail, City Wholesale, Wholesale Redistribution, Wholesale Regional, and Wholesale Shipping Point Markets.
Practical Uses of GnRH and Prostaglandins in Bovine Reproduction
Creators: name: Bosu, W. T. K.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1980

description: The aims of the present report are to review the results obtained following field application of GnRHs and Prostaglandins; list the common complaints or problems associated with their usage and to discuss the possible reasons for these complaints or failures and how they can be avoided under field conditions.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1980
Emergence and decay of turbulence in stirred atomic Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Parker, N. G.
name: Adams, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a `weak' elliptical deformation of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate rotating at close to the quadrupole instability frequency leads to turbulence with a Kolmogorov energy spectrum. The turbulent state is produced by energy transfer to condensate fragments that are ejected by the quadrupole instability. This energy transfer is driven by breaking the two-fold rotational symmetry of the condensate. Subsequently, vortex-sound interactions damp the turbulent state leading to the crystalization of a vortex lattice.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
An indirect search algorithm for solving the spatial harvest-scheduling problem
Creators: name: Crowe, Kevin Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The objective of this research was to develop, evaluate, and understand a new heuristic algorithm for solving the spatial harvest-scheduling problem. The new algorithm, indirect search, is a combination of a greedy heuristic and a neighborhood search. It was developed with the intention of quickly computing near-optimal solutions to large harvest-scheduling problems where harvest activities are treated as 0-1 variables. For this study, the algorithm solved two harvest-scheduling problems constrained by even-flow and two-period adjacency constraints: 1) a set of small tactical problems comprising 625 harvest-units scheduled over ten one-year periods; and 2) a strategic planning problem comprising 3,857 harvest-units scheduled over twenty ten-year periods. Excellent solutions to the tactical problem took 2 minutes and 42 seconds to compute and were superior to those calculated by implementations of a tabu search and a simulated annealing algorithm. The solution to the strategic problem was computed in 63 minutes and scheduled 86.9% of a linear programming model's total volume. The nature of the efficiency of this algorithm is discussed in some detail and it is also shown that the general strategy of indirect search can be applied to other combinatorial optimization problems. The indirect search algorithm performed well on the models tested thus far. These results warrant further research on: 1) applying indirect search to harvest-scheduling problems with more complex forms of spatial constraints; and 2) evaluating the efficiency of the indirect search strategy in its application to other combinatorial optimization problems.
WLCG Networks: Update on Monitoring and Analytics
Creators: name: Babik, Marian
name: McKee, Shawn
name: Andrade, Pedro
name: Bockelman, Brian Paul
name: Gardner, Robert
name: Hernandez, Edgar Mauricio Fajardo
name: Martelli, Edoardo
name: Vukotic, Ilija
name: Weitzel, Derek
name: Zvada, Marian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: WLCG relies on the network as a critical part of its infrastructure and therefore needs to guarantee effective network usage and prompt detection and resolution of any network issues including connection failures, congestion and traffic routing. The OSG Networking Area, in partnership with WLCG, is focused on being the primary source of networking information for its partners and constituents. It was established to ensure sites and experiments can better understand and fix networking issues, while providing an analytics platform that aggregates network monitoring data with higher level workload and data trans-fer services. This has been facilitated by the global network of the perfSONAR instances that have been commissioned and are operated in collaboration with WLCG Network Throughput Working Group. An additional important updateis the inclusion of the newly funded NSF project SAND (Service Analytics and Network Diagnosis) which is focusing on network analytics. This paper describes the current state of the network measurement and analytics platform and summarizes the activities taken by the working group and our collaborators. This includes the progress being made in providing higher level analytics,alerting and alarming from the rich set of network metrics we are gathering.
description: Accepted for publication in CHEP 2019 proceedings
COULD FUTURES MARKETS HELP GROWERS BETTER MANAGE COFFEE PRICE RISKS IN COSTA RICA?
Creators: name: Hazell, Peter B.R.
name: Hazell, Peter B.R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Costa Rican coffee farmers are almost fully exposed to world price variability. Yet, despite small farm sizes, specialization in coffee, and a marketing system that prolongs uncertainty and aggravates cash flow problems, this study finds that most farmers still manage their price risks surprisingly well. Farmers are able to forecast prices with comparable accuracy to the New York futures market. They have a favorable seasonal cash flow, ready access to credit, and are willing and able to bear risk. Within this context, the potential gains from using the New York futures market to provide forward price contracts at harvest are found to be modest.
Higgs Localization in Split Fermion Models
Creators: name: Surujon, Ze'ev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flavor puzzle of the Standard Model is explained in split fermion models by having the fermions localized and separated in an extra dimension. Many of these models assume a certain profile for the Higgs VEV, usually uniform, or confined to a brane, without providing a dynamical realization for it. By studying the effect of the coupling between the Higgs and the localizer fields, we obtain these scenarios as results, rather than ansaetze. Moreover, we discuss other profiles and show that they are phenomenologically viable.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures, based on an MSc thesis
A Day in Springs Event Flyer, September 9, 2000
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: East Hampton
Springs
Events
Schedules (Time plans)

description: These documents shows the list of events and a reference map of the event, "A Day in Springs", held on September 9, 2000.
description: This material was lent to the Long Island Collection by the Springs Historical Society Library for digitization purposes.
Ureaplasma (T Strain Mycoplasma) Infection of the Bovine Reproductive Tract
Creators: name: Doig, P.A.
name: MacKay, A. L.
name: Ruhnke, H. L.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1980

description: The mycoplasmas or more correctly the •"Mycoplasmatales", have been recognized as disease causing agents for over eighty years. The organisms were first isolated from cases of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia and for this reason, subsequent isolates were initially termed pleuropneumonia-like organisms (PPLO). In more recent years numerous additional mycoplasma species have been isolated from animals, birds, man, plants and insects. The group has now been divided into three major families based on morphological and biochemical criteria.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1980
The Classical Double Copy for M-theory from a Kerr-Schild Ansatz for Exceptional Field Theory
Creators: name: Berman, David S.
name: Kim, Kwangeon
name: Lee, Kanghoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the classical double copy formalism for M-theory. This extends the current state of the art by including the three form potential of eleven dimensional supergravity along with the metric. The key for this extension is to construct a Kerr-Schild type Ansatz for exceptional field theory. This Kerr-Schild Ansatz then allows us to find the solutions of charged objects such as the membrane from a set of single copy fields. The exceptional field theory formalism then automatically produces the IIB Kerr-Schild ansatz allowing the construction of the single copy for the fields of IIB supergravity (with manifest $SL(2)$ symmetry).
description: 34 pages; v2: minor changes, references added; v3: JHEP published version
The Clinical Management of Respiratory Disease in Cow-Calf Operations
Creators: name: Janzen, E. D.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1980

description: Undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease (UBRD) in cow-calf operations, with the exception of pulmonary emphysema in newly weaned calves, is not considered to be as much of a problem as in feedlots. Usually it occurs in calves after weaning but may occasionally develop prior to weaning. When this happens it is usually associated with late weaning or the "artificial confinement" of range feeding and is often an inducement to weaning because of the difficulties of treating on the range. Clinical management of bovine respiratory disease on the ranch implies a minimum amount of arrivals or "add ons" to the original calves raised on the ranch, therefore minimizing the introduction of new initiators or complicators of respiratory disease. Inherent also is the principle that calves will be weaned and sold, back-grounded and sold, or wintered and grazed throughout the following summer to be sold as yearlings. All the variants of this system function in an "all in-all out" fashion, thereby minimizing the pathogens to those carried by the brood cow.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1980
NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN THE HILLSIDES OF HONDURAS: BIOECONOMIC MODELING AT THE MICRO-WATERSHED LEVEL
Creators: name: Barbier, Bruno
name: Bergeron, Gilles
name: Barbier, Bruno
name: Bergeron, Gilles
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The objective of this study is to simulate the effect of population pressure, market integration, technological improvement and policy decisions on natural resource management in the hillsides of Honduras. To do so, we developed a bioeconomic model that combines dynamic linear programming with a biophysical model, then applied this model to a typical microwatershed. Over recent years, farmers from the selected microwatershed have followed a "vegetables-intensive" pathway of development. We ran different scenarios with historical data over the period 1975 to 1995 and then projected 25 years into the future from 1995 to 2020. The results of the bioeconomic model presented in this paper help to test a number of induced innovation hypotheses. Many of our hypotheses are confirmed, but some of the model's results challenge conventional wisdom. The simulation results confirm that technology improvements such as irrigation and new varieties can help overcome diminishing returns to labor due to population pressure. Population increases in La Lima had only a small effect on the condition of natural resources because the cropped area increased only slowly thanks to the intensification of production. The model confirms that the relationship between population growth and natural resource condition has a U-shaped structure. In the long term, population pressure is likely to lead to continuing improvement in the condition of natural resources. The hypothesis that improvements in access to markets increase per capita incomes was confirmed by our results, but improvements in access to markets do not necessarily promote land conservation because land values do not necessarily increase. The hypothesis that agroecological conditions are the most important factors determining incomes and natural resource condition is confirmed by the results. Past policy interventions such as market liberalization, road construction, construction of the potable water distribution system, crop variety improvement and extension services have all helped to increase incomes. However, the simulations suggest that had the government banned inorganic fertilizer, undertaken a land reform, or promoted dairy production during 1975 to 1995, these policies would not have been successful. The forward looking baseline scenario suggests that erosion will continue to increase if prices remain constant. If commodity prices decline, however, erosion will decline because farmers will reduce their production of vegetables during the rainy season. Conversely, an increase in inorganic fertilizer prices will lead to more erosion because farmers will use less fertilizer, obtain lower yields, and increase their cropped area.
Additional file 1 of Strain-based and sex-biased differences in adrenal and pancreatic gene expression between KK/HlJ and C57BL/6 J mice
Creators: name: Inglis, Angela
name: Ubungen, Rosario
name: Farooq, Sarah
name: Mata, Princess
name: Thiam, Jennifer
name: Saleh, Soad
name: Sherin Shibin
name: Futwan A. Al-Mohanna
name: Collison, Kate S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary sTable 1. List of genes used for RT-PCR analysis together with their Primer sequences.
Effective Mass Path Integral Simulations of Quasiparticles in Condensed Phases
Creators: name: Remsing, Richard C.
name: Bates, Jefferson E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum many-body problem in condensed phases is often simplified using a quasiparticle description, such as effective mass theory for electron motion in a periodic solid. These approaches are often the basis for understanding many fundamental condensed phase processes, including the molecular mechanisms underlying solar energy harvesting and photocatalysis. Despite the importance of these effective particles, there is still a need for computational methods that can explore their behavior on chemically relevant length and time scales. This is especially true when the interactions between the particles and their environment are important. We introduce an approach for studying quasiparticles in condensed phases by combining effective mass theory with the path integral treatment of quantum particles. This framework incorporates the generally anisotropic electronic band structure of materials into path integral simulation schemes to enable modeling of quasiparticles in quantum confinement, for example. We demonstrate the utility of effective mass path integral simulations by modeling an exciton in solid potassium chloride and electron trapping by a sulfur vacancy in monolayer molybdenum disulfide.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Health Management of Feedlot Cattle
Creators: name: Church, T. L.
name: Church, T. L.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1980

description: An organized and systematic approach is necessary for the effective control and management of disease in feedlot cattle. Typically feedlots receive cattle of various types, under many different conditions from a variety of sources. The design and operation of typical feedlots is frequently conducive to the mixing of cattle from several sources, exposure of new arrivals to resident populations, and the influence of many stressors often combine to result in major outbreaks of disease. Many diseases, such as respiratory diseases, are highly complex and difficult to control by vaccination or therapeutics alone. Veterinarians should develop methods to monitor disease occurrence and evaluate management procedures in feedlots as part of their normal routine.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1980
Fermion Systems in Discrete Space-Time
Creators: name: Finster, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermion systems in discrete space-time are introduced as a model for physics on the Planck scale. We set up a variational principle which describes a non-local interaction of all fermions. This variational principle is symmetric under permutations of the discrete space-time points. We explain how for minimizers of the variational principle, the fermions spontaneously break this permutation symmetry and induce on space-time a discrete causal structure.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX, few typos corrected (published version)
A Sparse Model-inspired Deep Thresholding Network for Exponential Signal Reconstruction -- Application in Fast Biological Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Wang, Zi
name: Guo, Di
name: Tu, Zhangren
name: Huang, Yihui
name: Zhou, Yirong
name: Wang, Jian
name: Feng, Liubin
name: Lin, Donghai
name: You, Yongfu
name: Agback, Tatiana
name: Orekhov, Vladislav
name: Qu, Xiaobo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-uniform sampling is a powerful approach to enable fast acquisition but requires sophisticated reconstruction algorithms. Faithful reconstruction from partial sampled exponentials is highly expected in general signal processing and many applications. Deep learning has shown astonishing potential in this field but many existing problems, such as lack of robustness and explainability, greatly limit its applications. In this work, by combining merits of the sparse model-based optimization method and data-driven deep learning, we propose a deep learning architecture for spectra reconstruction from undersampled data, called MoDern. It follows the iterative reconstruction in solving a sparse model to build the neural network and we elaborately design a learnable soft-thresholding to adaptively eliminate the spectrum artifacts introduced by undersampling. Extensive results on both synthetic and biological data show that MoDern enables more robust, high-fidelity, and ultra-fast reconstruction than the state-of-the-art methods. Remarkably, MoDern has a small number of network parameters and is trained on solely synthetic data while generalizing well to biological data in various scenarios. Furthermore, we extend it to an open-access and easy-to-use cloud computing platform (XCloud-MoDern), contributing a promising strategy for further development of biological applications.
description: 30 pages
THE EFFECTS OF THE U.S. PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION ACT ON WHEAT GENETIC IMPROVEMENT
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Venner, Raymond J.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Venner, Raymond J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Intellectual property rights
subject: wheat
subject: genetic improvement

description: The U.S. Plant Variety Protection Act (PVPA) of 1970 was meant to strengthen intellectual property protection for plant breeders. A model of investment under partial excludability is developed, leading to the hypotheses that any increase in excludability or appropriability of the returns to invention, attributable to the PVPA, would lead to increases in investment or efficiency gains in varietal R&D, improved varietal quality, and enhanced royalties. These hypotheses are tested in an economic analysis of the effects of the PVPA on wheat genetic improvement. The PVPA appears to have contributed to increases in public expenditures on wheat variety improvement, but private-sector investment in wheat breeding does not appear to have increased. Moreover, econometric analyses indicate that the PVPA has not caused any increase in experimental or commercial wheat yields. However, the share of U.S. wheat acreage sown to private varieties has increased–from 3 percent in 1970 to 30 percent in the 1990s. These findings indicate that the PVPA has served primarily as a marketing tool with little impact on excludability or appropriability.
Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction with Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Zamboni, Simone
name: Kefato, Zekarias Tilahun
name: Girdzijauskas, Sarunas
name: Christoffer, Noren
name: Col, Laura Dal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; I.5.1

description: Predicting the future trajectories of pedestrians is a challenging problem that has a range of application, from crowd surveillance to autonomous driving. In literature, methods to approach pedestrian trajectory prediction have evolved, transitioning from physics-based models to data-driven models based on recurrent neural networks. In this work, we propose a new approach to pedestrian trajectory prediction, with the introduction of a novel 2D convolutional model. This new model outperforms recurrent models, and it achieves state-of-the-art results on the ETH and TrajNet datasets. We also present an effective system to represent pedestrian positions and powerful data augmentation techniques, such as the addition of Gaussian noise and the use of random rotations, which can be applied to any model. As an additional exploratory analysis, we present experimental results on the inclusion of occupancy methods to model social information, which empirically show that these methods are ineffective in capturing social interaction.
description: 35 pages, 8 figures. This article is a the accepted manuscript submitted to Pattern Recognition Journal. Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2021.108252. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Semi-classical Einstein equations:descend to the ground state
Creators: name: Haba, Zbigniew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time-dependent cosmological term arises from the energy-momentum tensor calculated in a state different from the ground state. We discuss the expectation value of the energy-momentum tensor on the rhs of Einstein equations in various (approximate)pure as well as mixed states. We apply the classical slow-roll field evolution as well as the Starobinsky and warm inflation stochastic equations in order to calculate the expectation value. We show that in a state concentrated at the local maximum of the double-well potential the expectation value is decreasing exponentially. We confirm the descend of the expectation value in the stochastic inflation model. We calculate the cosmological constant $Λ$ at large time as the expectation value of the energy density with respect to the stationary probability distribution. We show that $Λ\simeq γ^{\frac{4}{3}} where $γ$ is the thermal dissipation rate.
description: 20 pages
Principles of Biological Control of Shipping Fever
Creators: name: Wilkie, B. N.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1980

description: Using calves immunized with P. haemolytica serotype 1 and challenged by intrabronchial infusion of the homologous organism, the adverse effects of parenterally injected whole cell bacterins has been confirmed experimentally. Successful vaccination of calves to prevent Pasteurella-induced fibrinous pneumonia apparently cannot be accomplished by the simple expedient of parenteral injection of formalin killed bacterial cells.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1980
Die "Apostolische Kirche des Ostens" - Erben alten Christentums im Orient
Creators: name: Anschütz, Helga
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 17 Nr. 4 (1968): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 17, Heft 4
Density spikes near black holes in self-interacting dark matter halos and indirect detection constraints
Creators: name: Alvarez, Gerardo
name: Yu, Hai-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) naturally gives rise to a cored isothermal density profile, which is favored in observations of many dwarf galaxies. The dark matter distribution in the presence of a central black hole in an isothermal halo develops a density spike with a power law of $r^{-7/4}$, which is shallower than $r^{-7/3}$ as expected for collisionless dark matter (CDM). Thus, indirect detection constraints on dark matter annihilations from the density spike could be relaxed in SIDM. Taking the most dense satellite galaxy of the Milky Way Draco as an example, we derive upper limits on the annihilation cross section and the black hole mass for both SIDM and CDM halos. For the former case, Draco could host an intermediate mass black hole even if dark matter is composed of thermal relics. We further explore the constraints from the Milky Way and M87, which host supermassive black holes, and show the upper limits on the annihilation cross section are significantly weakened in SIDM. Our results also indicate that the Event Horizon Telescope could provide a unique test of SIDM spikes.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures; published version
Topology Analysis of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: I. Scale and Luminosity Dependences
Creators: name: Park, Changbom
name: Choi, Yun-Young
name: Vogeley, Michael
name: Gott, J. Richard
name: Kim, Juhan
name: Hikage, Chiaki
name: Matsubara, Takahiko
name: Park, Myeong-Gu
name: Suto, Yasushi
name: Weinberg, David H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the topology of volume-limited galaxy samples selected from a parent sample of 314,050 galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey(SDSS), which is now complete enough to describe the fully three-dimensional topology and its dependence on galaxy properties. We compare the observed genus statistic Gν_f) to predictions for a Gaussian random field and to the genus measured for mock surveys constructed from new large-volume simulations of the LambdaCDM cosmology. In this analysis we carefully examine the dependence of the observed genus statistic on the Gaussian smoothing scale R_G from 3.5 to 11 h^-1Mpc and on the luminosity of galaxies over the range -22.50
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 19 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables and most of the figures are downgraded to fit in the astroph requirements
Laparotomy
Creators: name: Hamilton, G. F.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1980

description: Laparotomy of the left side is the approach of choice for surgery of the rumen, reticulum and some reproductive and urinary tract conditions, explorations of the viscera and inguinal hernia repair in the adult.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1980
The OGLE-II event sc5_2859 : a Classical Nova outburst?
Creators: name: Afonso, C.
name: Glicenstein, J. F.
name: Gould, A.
name: Smith, M. C.
name: Wagner, R. M.
name: Collaboration, the EROS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The OGLE-II event sc5_2859 was previously identified as the third longest microlensing event ever observed. Additional photometric observations from the EROS (Experience de Recherche d'Objets Sombres) survey and spectroscopic observations of the candidate star are used to test the microlensing hypothesis.The combined OGLE and EROS data provide a high quality coverage of the light curve. The colour of the sc5_2859 event is seen to change with time. A spectrum taken in 2003 exhibits a strong Halpha emission line. The additionnal data show that the OGLE-II sc5_2859 event is actually a classical nova outburst.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Ordinal analysis of partial combinatory algebras
Creators: name: Shafer, Paul
name: Terwijn, Sebastiaan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For every partial combinatory algebra (pca), we define a hierarchy of extensionality relations using ordinals. We investigate the closure ordinals of pca's, i.e. the smallest ordinals where these relations become equal. We show that the closure ordinal of Kleene's first model is $ω_1^\textit{CK}$ and that the closure ordinal of Kleene's second model is $ω_1$. We calculate the exact complexities of the extensionality relations in Kleene's first model, showing that they exhaust the hyperarithmetical hierarchy. We also discuss embeddings of pca's.
Diseases of the Ruminant Stomachs and Intestines of Cattle
Creators: name: Radostits, O. M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1980

description: In the study of diseases of the ruminant stomachs the first consideration is the clinical and laboratory findings which attract special attention to the stomachs. The first step is the recognition that a basic syndrome of ruminant gastrointestinal dysfunction occurs without evidence of disease in another system which might suggest that the dysfunction is secondary.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1980
Microwave photoconductivity of a periodically modulated two-dimensional electron system: Striped states and overlapping Landau levels
Creators: name: Dietel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dc-response of the striped state under microwave irradiation. The striped state can be modeled by a two-dimensional electron system under the influence of a unidirectional periodic modulation potential, which was examined in [J. Dietel et al. Phys. Rev. B (71), 045329 (2005)]. We further extend our study of the periodically modulated system to the case of strongly overlapping Landau levels and calculate the dark and photoconductivities. The strength of the modulation potential serves as an additional parameter which allows to vary the overlap of the Landau levels independently of the filling fraction.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures, introduction and discussion section modified, typos corrected, references added