cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Inferring the joint demographic history of multiple populations from multidimensional SNP frequency data
Creators: name: Gutenkunst, Ryan N.
name: Hernandez, Ryan D.
name: Williamson, Scott H.
name: Bustamante, Carlos D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Demographic models built from genetic data play important roles in illuminating prehistorical events and serving as null models in genome scans for selection. We introduce an inference method based on the joint frequency spectrum of genetic variants within and between populations. For candidate models we numerically compute the expected spectrum using a diffusion approximation to the one-locus two-allele Wright-Fisher process, involving up to three simultaneous populations. Our approach is a composite likelihood scheme, since linkage between neutral loci alters the variance but not the expectation of the frequency spectrum. We thus use bootstraps incorporating linkage to estimate uncertainties for parameters and significance values for hypothesis tests. Our method can also incorporate selection on single sites, predicting the joint distribution of selected alleles among populations experiencing a bevy of evolutionary forces, including expansions, contractions, migrations, and admixture. As applications, we model human expansion out of Africa and the settlement of the New World, using 5 Mb of noncoding DNA resequenced in 68 individuals from 4 populations (YRI, CHB, CEU, and MXL) by the Environmental Genome Project. We also combine our demographic model with a previously estimated distribution of selective effects among newly arising amino acid mutations to accurately predict the frequency spectrum of nonsynonymous variants across three continental populations (YRI, CHB, CEU).
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, supporting information included with source
Coherent Thomson backscattering from laser-driven relativistic ultra-thin electron layers
Creators: name: Meyer-ter-Vehn, Jürgen
name: Wu, Hui-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generation of laser-driven dense relativistic electron layers from ultra-thin foils and their use for coherent Thomson backscattering is discussed, applying analytic theory and one-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. The blow-out regime is explored in which all foil electrons are separated from ions by direct laser action. The electrons follow the light wave close to its leading front. Single electron solutions are applied to initial acceleration, phase switching, and second-stage boosting. Coherently reflected light shows Doppler-shifted spectra, chirped over several octaves. The Doppler shift is found to be proportional to γ_x^2=1/(1-β_x^2), where β_x is the electron velocity component in normal direction of the electron layer which is also the direction of the driving laser pulse. Due to transverse electron momentum p_y, the Doppler shift by 4*γ_x^2=4*γ^2/(1+(p_y/mc)^2) ~= 2*γis significantly smaller than full shift of 4*γ^2. Methods to turn p_y -> 0 and to recover the full Doppler shift are proposed and verified by 1D-PIC simulation. These methods open new ways to design intense single attosecond pulses.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, submitted to the special issue "Fundamental Physics with Ultra-High Fields" in The European Physical Journal D
On the origin of high-velocity runaway stars
Creators: name: Gvaramadze, V. V.
name: Gualandris, A.
name: Zwart, S. Portegies
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the hypothesis that some high-velocity runaway stars attain their peculiar velocities in the course of exchange encounters between hard massive binaries and a very massive star (either an ordinary 50-100 Msun star or a more massive one, formed through runaway mergers of ordinary stars in the core of a young massive star cluster). In this process, one of the binary components becomes gravitationally bound to the very massive star, while the second one is ejected, sometimes with a high speed. We performed three-body scattering experiments and found that early B-type stars (the progenitors of the majority of neutron stars) can be ejected with velocities of $\ga$ 200-400 km/s (typical of pulsars), while 3-4 Msun stars can attain velocities of $\ga$ 300-400 km/s (typical of the bound population of halo late B-type stars). We also found that the ejected stars can occasionally attain velocities exceeding the Milky Ways's escape velocity.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Equilibrium Shape and Size of Supported Heteroepitaxial Nanoislands
Creators: name: Jalkanen, J.
name: Trushin, O.
name: Granato, E.
name: Ying, S. C.
name: Ala-Nissila, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the equilibrium shape, shape transitions and optimal size of strained heteroepitaxial nanoislands with a two-dimensional atomistic model using simply adjustable interatomic pair potentials. We map out the global phase diagram as a function of substrate-adsorbate misfit and interaction. This phase diagram reveals all the phases corresponding to different well-known growth modes. In particular, for large enough misfits and attractive substrate there is a Stranski-Krastanow regime, where nano-sized islands grow on top of wetting films. We analyze the various terms contributing to the total island energy in detail, and show how the competition between them leads to the optimal shape and size of the islands. Finally, we also develop an analytic interpolation formula for the various contributions to the total energy of strained nanoislands.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
title: Entwicklung der Luftqualität in der Metropolregion Rhein-Ruhr
Creators: name: Wurzler, Sabine
name: Hebbinghaus, Heike
name: Rogalla, Lisa
name: Beck, Natascha
name: Klosterköther, Anja
name: Geiger, Jutta
Publisher: name: Deutscher Wetterdienst
Year: 2023

description: Promet 106, Beitrag 5
description: Die Luftqualität ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil des Stadtklimas. In der Metropolregion Rhein-Ruhr wurde in den letzten 60 Jahren die Luftqualität deutlich verbessert. In den 1960er bis 1980er Jahren standen Schwebstaub und Schwefeldioxid aus Industrie und Hausbrand im Fokus. Durch die europäische Luft-qualitätsgesetzgebung ist die Luftqualität in den Städten und damit der Stadtklimabezug stärker in den Fokus gerückt. Nun stehen Feinstaub, Ozon und Stickoxide in den Innenstädten im Zentrum der Be-trachtungen. In den letzten Jahren wurde eine deutliche Reduktion der Luftschadstoffbelastung aus dem Straßenverkehr erreicht. Die wachsenden Bemühungen der Städte zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel werden auch bei Luftqualitätsbetrachtungen immer wichtiger. Idealerweise werden Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Luftqualität und zur Verbesserung des Stadtklimas gemeinsam geplant und unterstüt-zen sich gegenseitig.
ARID1A-loss in cancer causes R-loop mediated genome instability and sensitizes cells to KEAP1 perturbation
Creators: name: Fournier, Louis-Alexandre
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Mutations in ARID1A, the DNA-binding subunit of the BAF chromatin remodeling complex, occur in about 7% of all cancers. Loss of ARID1A in cancer results in the dysregulation of epigenetic and transcriptional programs, and disturbs normal genome integrity maintenance resulting in genome instability. Genome instability, which consists of a higher frequency of mutation rates, is a hallmark feature of cancer that contributes to initiation and progression of the disease. The accumulation of RNA:DNA hybrid structures in the genome, called R-loops, has become increasingly appreciated as a form of stress that contributes to genome instability. R-loops regulate a variety of processes within the cell, including mitochondrial DNA replication, splicing and gene expression. To provide a better understanding of the breadth of factors that regulate R-loop in human cells, I used machine learning and CRISPR screening approaches to identify R-loop binding and modulating proteins (RLBPs) in human cells. This analysis identified features unique to RLBPs, produced a comprehensive functional network of R-loop associated factors, and identified novel RLBPs in FXR1, LIG1 and ARID1A. Validation work revealed that ARID1A prevents R-loop mediated DNA replication stress via the regulation of TOP2A localization. To gain insight on new therapeutic avenues against ARID1A-deficient cancers, I conducted genome-wide dropout CRISPR screens to identify synthetic lethal partners of ARID1A. I focused on the validation of one of the hits, KEAP1, and confirmed that ARID1A- deficient cells are sensitive to inhibition of KEAP1. I found that inhibition of KEAP1 in ARID1A-KO cells results in an exacerbation of genome instability phenotypes. While the mechanism remains unclear, my data suggests that NRF2-independent functions of KEAP1 are likely responsible for the synthetic lethality between ARID1A and KEAP1. Overall, my results highlight the diversity of proteins that regulate R-loop homeostasis in human cells and uncover a previously unrecognized role for ARID1A in R-loop mitigation and the maintenance of genome integrity. I also document for the first time that cells lacking ARID1A are sensitive to KEAP1 inhibition, resulting in a new body of knowledge on the consequences of ARID1A deficiency and informing on a potentially novel approach for the treatment of such tumours.
The Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) Spectral Library: Cool Stars
Creators: name: Rayner, J. T.
name: Cushing, M. C.
name: Vacca, W. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 0.8 -5 micron spectral library of 210 cool stars observed at a resolving power of R = lambda / Delta lambda ~ 2000 with the medium-resolution infrared spectrograph, SpeX, at the 3.0 m NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. The stars have well established MK spectral classifications and are mostly restricted to near-solar metallicities. The sample contains the F, G, K, and M spectral types with luminosity classes between I and V, but also includes some AGB, carbon, and S stars. In contrast to some other spectral libraries, the continuum shape of the spectra are measured and preserved in the data reduction process. The spectra are absolutely flux calibrated using Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) photometry. Potential uses of the library include studying the physics of cool stars, classifying and studying embedded young clusters and optically obscured regions of the Galaxy, evolutionary population synthesis to study unresolved stellar populations in optically-obscured regions of galaxies, and synthetic photometry. The library is available in digital form from the IRTF website.
description: accepted for publication in ApJS
Hydrogen evolution in alkaline medium on intratube and surface decorated PtRu catalyst
Creators: name: Ali, Farhan S.M.
name: Arevalo, Ryan
name: VANDICHEL, MATTHIAS
name: Speck, Florian D.
name: Rautama, Eeva-Leena
name: Jiang, Hua
name: Sorsa, Olli
name: Mustonen, Kimmo
name: Cherevko, Serhiy
name: Kallio, Tanja
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: For anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolysis, challenges include finding an optimal catalyst for hydrogen  evolution reaction (HER), as the noble metals are scarce while non-noble metals are inferior. Here, the noble  metal amount is reduced in a straightforward solution synthesis which produces Pt-Ru surface nanoparticles and  unique intratube nanowires decorated on single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT). In half-cell tests, 5 wtPtRu-%  Pt-Ru SWNT demonstrates stable 10 mA cm− 2 HER current at 46 mV overpotential and outperforms commercial  electrocatalysts. When integrated in an AEM electrolyser, a high current density of 500 mA cm− 2 at a low voltage  of 1.72 V is achieved with 34 µg cm− 2 metal loading. First-principles calculations reveal that both the Pt-Ru alloy  nanoparticle and intratube nanowires promote near optimal H* binding energy, thereby releasing the H2 faster.  Thus, our approach yields an active low metal loading alkaline HER catalyst without sacrificing the performance  in an AEM electrolyser.
Evaluation of the Food-Energy-Water nexus through case studies in the United States and East Africa
Creators: name: Izar Tenorio, Jorge
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: The demand for systems and infrastructure that can equitably and efficiently provide food, energy, and water is central to economic development and sustainable growth. Diverse conditions such as growing population, climate change, and access constraints pose a formidable challenge for industrialized and non-industrialized countries. Industrialized countries’ food and energy systems face the threat of unsustainable practices and competition for resources from multiple productive sectors. Meanwhile, the least developed countries struggle with inadequate access to modern agricultural, water, and energy technologies to provide food efficiently and securely. This thesis aims to identify and quantify food production impacts on energy and water consumption via case studies in the United States and East Africa. In both cases, I use integrated biophysical models to estimate the effects of food production (e.g., chicken broiler meat and irrigated crop yields) on energy and water resources consumption using climatological data inputs. For the case study in East Africa, I also assessed the financial viability of pressurized irrigation on a subnational level. Findings suggest that projected future climate change temperatures by mid-century will increase energy demand for cooling, reduce energy demand for heating, and substantially increase water withdrawals for evaporative cooling for industrial chicken broiler production in the Eastern U.S. The results for the case in East Africa indicate that the techno-economic potential of small-scale pressurized irrigation is highest for horticulture, maize, and potato crops grown with improved seeds and at least moderate fertility levels. My results suggest that food production impacts on energy and water demand are climate and site (or geography) dependent. These factors' relative importance depends on operational practices (e.g., input selection), technology types and costs, and fuel prices.
Inverse Isotope Effect on Kondo Temperature in Electron-Rattling System
Creators: name: Hotta, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an electron system coupled with anharmonic phonons, i.e., {\it rattling}, inverse isotope effect on the Kondo temperature $T_{\rm K}$ is found to occur by the numerical evaluation of the Sommerfeld constant $γ$ of the Anderson-Holstein model. For the anharmonic potential of an oscillator with mass $M$ in which large $γ$ has been found to be almost independent of an applied magnetic field, $γ$ is significantly suppressed when $M$ is increased, i.e., $T_{\rm K}$ is enhanced due to the relation of $γ$$\sim$$T_{\rm K}^{-1}$ in the Kondo problem, leading to the inverse isotope effect on $T_{\rm K}$. Since this phenomenon does not occur for harmonic phonons, it can be a key experiment to prove the relevance of rattling to magnetically robust heavy electron state.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. To appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
АРХИТЕКТУРА  ЁДГОРЛИКЛАРИ  ХУСУСИЯТЛАРИ
Creators: name: Юсупова, Ф.З.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Мазкур мақолада қадимда яшаб ижод этган ҳалқ усталари ва меъморлари томонидан, юксак ақл – заковат, чуқур билимлари ёрдамида  қурилган турар-жой бинолари, архитектура ёдгорликларининг ўзига хос тарзда мустахкамликка эга бўлганлиги хақида сўз юритилган.
Diffusion in the random gap model of mono- and bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Ziegler, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the effect of a fluctuating gap in mono- and bilayer graphene, created by a random staggered potential. We identify a continuous symmetry for the two-particle Green's function which is spontaneously broken in the average two-particle Green's function and leads to a massless fermion mode. Within a loop expansion it is shown that the massless mode is dominated on large scales by small loops. This result indicates diffusion of electrons. Although the diffusion mechanism is the same in mono- and in bilayer graphene, the amount of scattering is much stronger in the latter. Physical quantities at the neutrality point, such as the density of states, the diffusion coefficient and the conductivity, are determined by the one-particle scattering rate. All these quantities vanish at a critical value of the average staggered potential, signaling a continuous transition to an insulating behavior.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, extended version
Implementation and evaluation of various demons deformable image registration algorithms on GPU
Creators: name: Gu, Xuejun
name: Pan, Hubert
name: Liang, Yun
name: Castillo, Richard
name: Yang, Deshan
name: Choi, Dongju
name: Castillo, Edward
name: Majumdar, Amitava
name: Guerrero, Thomas
name: Jiang, Steve B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Online adaptive radiation therapy (ART) promises the ability to deliver an optimal treatment in response to daily patient anatomic variation. A major technical barrier for the clinical implementation of online ART is the requirement of rapid image segmentation. Deformable image registration (DIR) has been used as an automated segmentation method to transfer tumor/organ contours from the planning image to daily images. However, the current computational time of DIR is insufficient for online ART. In this work, this issue is addressed by using computer graphics processing units (GPUs). A grey-scale based DIR algorithm called demons and five of its variants were implemented on GPUs using the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) programming environment. The spatial accuracy of these algorithms was evaluated over five sets of pulmonary 4DCT images with an average size of 256x256x100 and more than 1,100 expert-determined landmark point pairs each. For all the testing scenarios presented in this paper, the GPU-based DIR computation required around 7 to 11 seconds to yield an average 3D error ranging from 1.5 to 1.8 mm. It is interesting to find out that the original passive force demons algorithms outperform subsequently proposed variants based on the combination of accuracy, efficiency, and ease of implementation.
description: Submitted to Physics in Medicine and Biology
A predictive model using block data for dilution control in open pit mining
Creators: name: Temizyürek, Büsra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Dilution is an important factor affecting the profitability and operational costs of mining activities, leading to a potential discrepancies between design intentions and actual operations, commonly referred to as reconciliation. This discrepancy may result in an increase in the tonnage of material to be milled while reducing its value. Despite variations influenced by deposit characteristics, location, and mining practices, dilution is often treated as a fixed value in open-pit mining operations. This study introduces a computer program designed to read and analyze extensive block model datasets. The program automates the computation of dilution, arising from operational errors, empowering users to assess its impact on mine productivity by generating a diluted block model under varied Cut-off Grade (COG) and dilution scenarios. Established for application in an initial phase of mine design and optimization in open pit mining, the program significantly expedites time-intensive dilution calculations. In this study, the program is applied through nine different COG scenarios and four diluting skin percentage applications. The results underscore the value of the program in comprehending the response of the ore body to variations in COG and dilution. It is noteworthy to state that the flexibility of the developed program in modifying conditions, saving time through automated computation, and capturing changes on the block model caused by operational dilution. This is an innovative program in terms of applicability before mine design, the substantial reduction in computation time from days to hours, and the providing of specific insights such as island scenarios. This innovative program offers a computationally affordable and practical solution for mining operations seeking to improve efficiency and accuracy in dilution calculations. By providing a dynamic tool for evaluating and visualizing the impact of dilution under different scenarios, it equips mining professionals with valuable insights in the early stages of mine planning, contributing to more informed decision-making processes.
Global COVID-19 Pandemic has become a Challenge or Opening a Window of Opportunity? Scrutinizing from SDGs and Sustainability Perspectives
Creators: name: Roy, Arabinda
name: Sanjeev, Kumar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sustainability; SDGs; COVID-19 Epidemic; Challenges; Potential Window; New Normal

description: The main intention of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is to transform our world with the enhancement of wealth and opportunity for a better tomorrow, which is considered as the “roadmap for humanity”. But the progress of human society is interrupted by the sudden outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic and as a result, the human-centric socioeconomic contexts have been experiencing enormous challenge and tremendous opportunities. The present chapter attempts to explore the impact and challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the “new normal” phase and to analyse the potential window of opportunities for sustainability transactions. Exploratory and qualitative research designs and descriptive analytical methods have been applied and for information, different authentic websites, different agencies, journals, and e-contents were searched. The study depicts that the COVID-19 pandemic not only poses a challenge for human society but also opens a potential window of opportunities for sustainability transactions, and finally some policy actions have been made for sustainability from socio-ecological perspectives.
The mean curvature of cylindrically bounded submanifolds
Creators: name: Alias, L. J.
name: Bessa, G. Pacelli
name: Dajczer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C40, 53C42

description: We give an estimate of the mean curvature of a complete submanifold lying inside a closed cylinder $B(r)\times\R^{\ell}$ in a product Riemannian manifold $N^{n-\ell}\times\R^{\ell}$. It follows that a complete hypersurface of given constant mean curvature lying inside a closed circular cylinder in Euclidean space cannot be proper if the circular base is of sufficiently small radius. In particular, any possible counterexample to a conjecture of Calabion complete minimal hypersurfaces cannot be proper. As another application of our method, we derive a result about the stochastic incompleteness of submanifolds with sufficiently small mean curvature.
description: First version (December 2008). Final version, including new title (February 2009). To appear in Mathematische Annalen
Unifying species distributions, community science and the “natural removal experiment” to investigate species interactions at broad geographic scales
Creators: name: Macklin, Rory Donald John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Species interactions influence species distributions. Thus, some have suggested that one can work backwards from patterns in a species’ distribution to detect a species interaction without a priori knowledge of its existence. One method of this application – the “natural removal experiment” – tests for patterns consistent with competitive exclusion and release by comparing a species’ habitat relationships in sympatry and allopatry with a potential competitor and inferring the effect of competition. Previously, this approach has been limited by the scales of data required, often stretching across entire regions; however, the expanding datasets available through community science efforts make this application more tractable. We revitalize the natural removal experiment approach by applying it to a case study to ask whether the Chestnut-backed Chickadee (Poecile rufescens; CBCH) is competitively excluded from or hindered in cities by the Black-capped Chickadee (P. atricapillus; BCCH) in the Pacific Northwest of North America. To assess this question, we used data from the community science project eBird, creating two subsets of observations of CBCH, one from a region where BCCH is absent, and another where BCCH is present. A species distribution model for CBCH relative abundance was built from each dataset, and the relationships to indicators of urbanization and natural forest were assessed. We found that, when isolated from BCCH, CBCH had more important, more positive relationships to urban indicators, and less important, less positive relationships to indicators of natural forest. Under an “imagined scenario” where BCCH was imagined to be absent from the entire study region, CBCH were predicted at higher abundances in cities and areas lacking natural forest, supporting the hypothesis that BCCH negatively affects the abundance of CBCH in these urban areas of sympatry. We highlight several critical caveats ensuring comparability of the two regions and eliminating alternate explanations for differences between the two regions. While this approach does not confirm the existence of an interaction in nature, it can be used to efficiently generate hypotheses or predictions to complement field studies. This method presents a significant opportunity for researchers to harness community science to form powerful investigations of species interactions at previously unattainable scales.
title: Koha und Archiv – Warum das denn?
Creators: name: Wichner, Jessika
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Koha
subject: Archivinstanz
subject: Anwendungsbeispiel
subject: 020

description: Virtuelles Koha-D-A-CH-Anwendertreffen (09.06.2021)
Additional file 2 of Hyperoxia exposure upregulates Dvl-1 and activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in newborn rat lung
Creators: name: Zhu, Yuting
name: Li, Yawen
name: Jin, Weilai
name: Li, Zhengying
name: Zhang, Le
name: Fang, Yuanyuan
name: Zhang, Yanyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Additional file 6 of Pressure support and positive end-expiratory pressure versus T-piece during spontaneous breathing trial in difficult weaning from mechanical ventilation: study protocol for the SBT-ICU study
Creators: name: Mezidi, Mehdi
name: Yonis, Hodane
name: Chauvelot, Louis
name: Danjou, William
name: Dhelft, François
name: Bazzani, Alwin
name: Girard, Mehdi
name: Bitker, Laurent
name: Richard, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 6.
Securing Iris Templates using Combined User and Soft Biometric based Password Hardened Fuzzy Vault
Creators: name: Meenakshi, V. S.
name: Padmavathi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Personal identification and authentication is very crucial in the current scenario. Biometrics plays an important role in this area. Biometric based authentication has proved superior compared to traditional password based authentication. Anyhow biometrics is permanent feature of a person and cannot be reissued when compromised as passwords. To over come this problem, instead of storing the original biometric templates transformed templates can be stored. Whenever the transformation function is changed new revocable/cancelable templates are generated. Soft biometrics is ancillary information that can be combined with primary biometrics to identify a person in a better way. Iris has certain advantage compared to other biometric traits like fingerprint. Iris is an internal part that is less prone to damage. Moreover is very difficult for an attacker to capture an iris. The key advantage of iris biometrics is its stability or template longevity. Biometric systems are vulnerable to a variety of attacks. This work generates cancelable iris templates by applying user and soft biometric based password transformations and further secures the templates by biometric cryptographic construct fuzzy vault.
description: Pages IEEE format, Computer Science ISSN 19475500, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS February 2010, ISSN 1947 5500, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
Relation of a Unified Quantum Field Theory of Spinors to the Structure of General Relativity
Creators: name: Kober, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a unified quantum field theory of spinors assumed to describe all matter fields and their interactions we construct the space time structure of general relativity according to a general connection within the corresponding spinor space. The tetrad field and the corresponding metric field are composed from a space time dependent basis of spinors within the internal space of the fundamental matter field. Similar to twistor theory the Minkowski signature of the space time metric is related to this spinor nature of elementary matter, if we assume the spinor space to be endowed with a symplectic structure. The equivalence principle and the property of background independence arise from the fact that all elementary fields are composed from the fundamental spinor field. This means that the structure of space time according to general relativity seems to be a consequence of a fundamental theory of matter fields and not a presupposition as in the usual setting of relativistic quantum field theories.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Extending Universal Nodal Excitations Optimizes Superconductivity in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d
Creators: name: Pushp, Aakash
name: Parker, Colin V.
name: Pasupathy, Abhay. N.
name: Gomes, Kenjiro K.
name: Ono, Shimpei
name: Wen, Jinsheng
name: Xu, Zhijun
name: Gu, Genda
name: Yazdani, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the mechanism by which d-wave superconductivity in the cuprates emerges and is optimized by doping the Mott insulator is one of the major outstanding problems in condensed matter physics. Our high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy measurements of the high transition temperature (Tc) superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d show that samples with different Tcs in the low doping regime follow a remarkably universal d-wave low energy excitation spectrum, indicating a doping independent nodal gap. We demonstrate that Tc instead correlates with the fraction of the Fermi surface over which the samples exhibit the universal spectrum. Optimal Tc is achieved when all parts of the Fermi surface follow this universal behavior. Increasing temperature above Tc turns the universal spectrum into an arc of gapless excitations, while overdoping breaks down the universal nodal behavior.
description: To appear in Science express on June 04, 2009. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/1174338
Local asymptotic inference for nonparametric regression with censored survival data
Creators: name: Liu, Yanyan
name: Mao, Guangcai
name: Zhao, Xingqiu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: We consider a penalised nonparametric estimation of the relative risk function in the Cox proportional hazards model for survival data with right censoring. We derive the convergence rate, functional Bahadur representation (FBR) and local asymptotic normality of the nonparametric estimator by using reproducing kernel Hilbert space, counting process and empirical process theory. The new theoretical results fill the gap in the smoothing splines literature for nonparametric estimation in survival models. Furthermore, we construct the corresponding local confidence intervals by the bootstrap method. Extensive simulation studies are conducted to validate the proposed method and compare with the Bayesian confidence intervals, and a data example from the Stanford heart transplant study is provided for illustration.
title: GEI 032: Tenos. Honorary decree for Lucius Aufidius Bassus
Creators: name: Carlini, Laura Francesca
Publisher: name: Laboratorio di Storia, Archeologia, Epigrafia e Tradizione dell'antico (SAET) - Scuola Normale Superiore
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: FOS: Humanities
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Edition and commentary of "Tenos. Honorary decree for Lucius Aufidius Bassus"
Clusters and Maps of Science Journals Based on Bi-connected Graphs in the Journal Citation Reports
Creators: name: Leydesdorff, Loet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aggregated journal-journal citation matrix derived from the Journal Citation Reports 2001 can be decomposed into a unique subject classification by using the graph-analytical algorithm of bi-connected components. This technique was recently incorporated in software tools for social network analysis. The matrix can be assessed in terms of its decomposability using articulation points which indicate overlap between the components. The articulation points of this set did not exhibit a next-order network of 'general science' journals. However, the clusters differ in size and in terms of the internal density of their relations. A full classification of the journals is provided in an Appendix. The clusters can also be extracted and mapped for the visualization.
The rapidly pulsating sdO star, SDSS J160043.6+074802.9
Creators: name: Rodríguez-López, C.
name: Lynas-Gray, A. E.
name: Kilkenny, D.
name: MacDonald, J.
name: Moya, A.
name: Koen, C.
name: Woudt, P. A.
name: Wium, D. J.
name: Oruru, B.
name: Zietsman, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spectroscopic analysis of SDSS J160043.6+074802.9, a binary system containing a pulsating subdwarf-O (sdO) star with a late-type companion, yields Teff = 70 000 +/- 5000 K and log g = 5.25 +/- 0.30, together with a most likely type of K3V for the secondary star. We compare our results with atmospheric parameters derived by Fontaine et al. (2008) and in the context of existing evolution models for sdO stars. New and more extensive photometry is also presented which recovers most, but not all, frequencies found in an earlier paper. It therefore seems probable that some pulsation modes have variable amplitudes. A non-adiabatic pulsation analysis of uniform metallicity sdO models show those having log g > 5.3 to be more likely to be unstable and capable of driving pulsation in the observed frequency range.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, 2009 September 2
Liolaemus Wiegmanni Gray liz.
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Squamata
Sauria
Liolaemidae
Liolaemus
Liolaemus wiegmanni

description: Liolaemus Wiegmanni Gray liz.
Bahia blanca v. H. Claraz. [1]
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on page 712, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
Hierarchical neighbor graphs: A low stretch connected structure for points in Euclidean space
Creators: name: Bagchi, Amitabha
name: Madan, Adit
name: Premi, Achal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.1; G.3

description: We introduce hierarchical neighbor graphs, a new architecture for connecting ad hoc wireless nodes distributed in a plane. The structure has the flavor of hierarchical clustering and requires only local knowledge and minimal computation at each node to be formed and repaired. Hence, it is a suitable interconnection model for an ad hoc wireless sensor network. The structure is able to use energy efficiently by reorganizing dynamically when the battery power of heavily utilized nodes degrades and is able to achieve throughput, energy efficiency and network lifetimes that compare favorably with the leading proposals for data collation in sensor networks such as LEACH (Heinzelman et. al., 2002). Additionally, hierarchical neighbor graphs have low power stretch i.e. the power required to connect nodes through the network is a small factor higher than the power required to connect them directly. Our structure also compares favorably to mathematical structures proposed for connecting points in a plane e.g. nearest-neighbor graphs (Ballister et. al., 2005), $θ$-graphs (Ruppert and Seidel, 1991), in that it has expected constant degree and does not require any significant computation or global information to be formed.
Towards improving prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment with shear wave absolute vibro-elastography and automatic low-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy planning
Creators: name: Aleef, Tajwar Abrar
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Prostate cancer (PCa) represents a substantial health concern for men, and this thesis focuses on improving its diagnosis and treatment. The first contribution introduces a registration framework that localizes transperineal template-guided mapping biopsy (TTMB) cores in volumetric ultrasound (US) using only standard TTMB information. With an average target registration error of 1.2 mm and ≈97 s of registration time, this framework provides fast and accurate TTMB core localization. The pathology of these registered cores can serve as ground truth for training US-based PCa classifiers. To improve diagnosis, three US systems are developed to perform Shear Wave Absolute Vibro-Elastography (S-WAVE), a technique for quantitative tissue stiffness assessment. The first system, compatible with TTMB, employs multi-frequency transperineal excitation for the first time and correlates with magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) imaging at 96%. Clinical studies revealed a positive correlation between its measurements and PCa detected from histopathology. A PCa classifier, trained using clinical S-WAVE data taken with this system, achieved an AUC of 0.87±0.12. The second system is the first hand-operated 3D S-WAVE system with a transducer-mounted exciter designed for targeting systematic biopsies. When compared to MRE, it achieves a cross-correlation of 99% and 94% on quality assurance phantoms and in vivo human livers, respectively. In the third system, both S-WAVE and strain elastography are implemented for the first time in a commercial microUS system thus enabling the possibility of multi-parametric microUS imaging. For localized PCa, low-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy (LDR-PB) is an effective treatment where small radioactive seeds are permanently implanted within the prostate. The arrangement of these seeds is pre-planned manually, which is an iterative and time-consuming process. To automate this, two new methods based on conditional generative adversarial networks are proposed. Comparable results to the high-quality manual plans were achieved, demonstrating 98.9% coverage of the clinical target volume (CTV) receiving the minimum prescribed dose. Planning times are significantly reduced, with the proposed methods running approximately 7 and 400 times faster.
Giới thiệu Khung năng lực Tài nguyên Giáo dục Mở cho giảng viên V1.0
Creators: name: Nghĩa, Lê Trung
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Tệp trình chiếu Giới thiệu Khung năng lực Tài nguyên Giáo dục Mở cho các giảng viên V1.0 để sử dụng trong lớp học và/hoặc các cuộc tọa đàm theo các chủ đề: (1) Khung năng lực số; và (2) Tài nguyên Giáo dục Mở.
A New Clustering Approach based on Page's Path Similarity for Navigation Patterns Mining
Creators: name: Mamosian, Heidar
name: Rahmani, Amir Masoud
name: Dezfouli, Mashalla Abbasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, predicting the user's next request in web navigation has received much attention. An information source to be used for dealing with such problem is the left information by the previous web users stored at the web access log on the web servers. Purposed systems for this problem work based on this idea that if a large number of web users request specific pages of a website on a given session, it can be concluded that these pages are satisfying similar information needs, and therefore they are conceptually related. In this study, a new clustering approach is introduced that employs logical path storing of a website pages as another parameter which is regarded as a similarity parameter and conceptual relation between web pages. The results of simulation have shown that the proposed approach is more than others precise in determining the clusters.
description: Pages IEEE format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS February 2010, ISSN 1947 5500, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
Weighted Competing Risks Quantile Regression Models and Variable Selection
Creators: name: Li, Erqian
name: Pan, Jianxin
name: Tang, Manlai
name: Yu, Keming
name: Härdle, Wolfgang Karl
name: Dai, Xiaowen
name: Tian, Maozai
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: competing risks
subject: cumulative incidence function
subject: bone marrow transplant
subject: re-distribution method
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: The proportional subdistribution hazards (PSH) model is popularly used to deal with competing risks data. Censored quantile regression provides an important supplement as well as variable selection methods due to large numbers of irrelevant covariates in practice. In this paper, we study variable selection procedures based on penalized weighted quantile regression for competing risks models, which is conveniently applied by researchers. Asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators, including consistency and asymptotic normality of non-penalized estimator and consistency of variable selection, are established. Monte Carlo simulation studies are conducted, showing that the proposed methods are considerably stable and efficient. Real data about bone marrow transplant (BMT) are also analyzed to illustrate the application of the proposed procedure.
General physical properties of bright Fermi blazars
Creators: name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Tavecchio, F.
name: Foschini, L.
name: Ghirlanda, G.
name: Maraschi, L.
name: Celotti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied all blazars of known redshift detected by the Fermi satellite during its first three months survey. For the majority of them, pointed Swift observations ensures a good multiwavelength coverage, enabling us to to reliably construct their spectral energy distributions (SED). We model the SEDs using a one-zone leptonic model and study the distributions of the derived interesting physical parameters as a function of the observed gamma-ray luminosity. We confirm previous findings concerning the relation of the physical parameters with source luminosity which are at the origin of the blazar sequence. The SEDs allow to estimate the luminosity of the accretion disk for the majority of broad emitting line blazars, while for the line-less BL Lac objects in the sample upper limits can be derived. We find a positive correlation between the jet power and the luminosity of the accretion disk in broad line blazars. In these objects we argue that the jet must be proton-dominated, and that the total jet power is of the same order of (or slightly larger than) the disk luminosity. We discuss two alternative scenarios to explain this result.
description: 23 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Very minosr changes
A Cosmological Model with Fermionic Field
Creators: name: Rakhi, R.
name: Vijayagovindan, G. V.
name: Indulekha, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, a cosmological model inspired by string/M- theory with fermionic field is taken into consideration. Here it is investigated whether the introduction of a non-Dirac fermionic field--characterized by an \textit{interaction term}--affects the cosmological evolution. The self-interaction potential is considered as a combination of the scalar and pseudo-scalar invariants. It is observed that the fermionic field under consideration behaves like an inflation field for the early Universe and later on, as a dark energy field. The late time acceleration becomes more prominent by the addition of the interaction term. There is a slight decrease for the inflation peak as well as for the energy density. We see that addition of higher order terms to the fermionic part of Lagrangian does not significantly change either the inflation or the late time acceleration behavior.
description: 12 Pages, 7 Figures
An Approximate Analytical Solution of Non-Linear Fractional-Order Constrained Optimization Problem Using Optimal Homotopy Analysis Method
Creators: name: Oluwaseun Olumide Okundalaye, Wan Ainun Mior Othman
Publisher: name: TuEngr Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Penalty Function
Fractional Differential Equations
Constrained Optimization Problem
Convergence-Control Parameters
Homotopy Analysis Method.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 12, 1, 12A1D: 1-13