cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Controllable Spatial Array of Bessel-like Beams with Independent Axial Intensity Distributions for Laser Microprocessing
Creators: name: Orlov, Sergej
name: Juršėnas, Alfonsas
name: Baltrukonis, Justas
name: Jukna, Vytautas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bessel beams generated via axicons are widely used for various applications like optical tweezers or laser microfabrication of transparent materials. The specific intensity profile having high aspect ratio of beam width and length in turn generates high aspect ratio void that resembles a needle. In contrast to commonly generated Bessel beam that has a fixed axial intensity distribution. We present a novel method to engineer an optical needle that can have an arbitrary axial intensity distribution via superposition of different cone angle Bessel beams. We analytically describe spatial spectra of an optical needle having arbitrary axial intensity distribution. We also demonstrate a superposition of independent optical needles and analyze the physical limitations to observe well separated optical needles as they are influence by mutual interference of the individual beams. In order to verify our theoretical and numerical results we generate controllable spatial arrays of individual beams with various numbers and spatial separations by altering a spectrum of incoming laser beam via spatial light modulator. Lastly, we numerically examine distortions caused by propagation through planar air-dielectric interface and show compensation method by appropriately modifying spectral masks.
Treatment of bimodality in proficiency test of pH in bioethanol matrix
Creators: name: Sarmanho, G. F.
name: Borges, P. P.
name: Fraga, I. C. S.
name: Leal, L. H. C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 97K80

description: The pH value in bioethanol is a quality control parameter related to its acidity and to the corrosiveness of vehicle engines when it is used as fuel. In order to verify the comparability and reliability of the measurement of pH in bioethanol matrix among some experienced chemical laboratories, reference material (RM) of bioethanol developed by Inmetro - the Brazilian National Metrology Institute - was used in a proficiency testing (PT) scheme. There was a difference of more than one unit in the value of the pH measured due to the type of internal filling electrolytic solutions (potassium chloride, KCl or lithium chloride, LiCl) from the commercial pH combination electrodes used by the participant laboratories. Therefore, bimodal distribution has occurred from the data of this PT scheme. This work aims to present the possibilities that a PT scheme provider can use to overcome the bimodality problem. Data from the PT of pH in bioethanol were treated by two different statistical approaches: kernel density model and the mixture of distributions. Application of these statistical treatments improved the initial diagnoses of PT provider, by solving bimodality problem and contributing for a better performance evaluation in measuring pH of bioethanol.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in Accreditation and Quality Assurance (ACQUAL)
title: Некоторые вопросы процедуры изъятия земельных участков для государственных и муниципальных нужд
Creators: name: Терехова, Елизавета
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: Очень часто бывает так, что государственные или муниципальные органы нарушили прописанный в законодательстве порядок и уже фактически заняли земельный участок, необходимый для общественных запросов. При анализе судебной практики можно заметить, что число случаев намеренного ущемления прав собственников земельных участков при «фактическом» изъятии земельных участков, особенно без выплаты правильно-рассчитанной компенсации, значительно возросло. Фактическое изъятие в таких случаях выражается в самовольном захвате земельных участков, принадлежащих частным лицам, органами власти и сотрудничающими с ними организациями и производственными компаниями без оформления такого изъятия
документально и без согласия собственника земельного участка. В течение трех лет после введения Федерального закона №499-ФЗ анализировалась судебная практика по заявлениям граждан, пострадавших от «фактического» изъятия. Этот анализ позволил сделать вывод о том, что органы власти зачастую идут на нарушение порядка изъятия земельных участков целенаправленно.
Analysis of the Christensen et al. Clauser-Horne (CH)-Inequality-Based Test of Local Realism
Creators: name: Graft, Donald A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Clauser-Horne (CH) inequality can validly test aspects of locality when properly applied. This paper analyzes a recent CH-based EPRB experiment, the Christensen et al. experiment. Full details of the data analysis applied to the experiment are given. An alternative analysis is also presented that considers the role of accidental coincidences and confirms and justifies the main analysis. It is shown that the experiment confirms locality and disconfirms the quantum joint prediction. To make sense of this surprising finding, the conclusion presents a new rational interpretation of the EPR paradox. The paper also contributes to promulgation of robust and correct data analysis by describing the important degrees of freedom that affect the analysis, and that must be addressed in the analysis of any EPRB experiment.
description: Added discussion of an alternative analysis considering accidental coincidences; added discussion of the 'rational interpretation' of EPR; re-organized overall; minor corrections throughout
Bidisperse beds sheared by viscous fluids: Grain segregation and bed hardening
Creators: name: Maya, Jaime Oswaldo Gonzalez
name: Benalcázar, Fernando David Cúñez
name: Franklin, Erick de Moraes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a granular bed is sheared by a fluid that flows above a critical limit, it undergoes a complex motion that varies along time: it can contain fluid- (bedload) and solid-like (creep) regions, being prone to strain hardening and, in case of polydispersity, segregation. In this paper, we investigate experimentally the short- and long-time evolution of a bidisperse bed sheared by a viscous liquid. Different from previous experiments, the density ratio between grains and fluid is 2.7, close to values found in rivers and oceans. We show the existence of diffusive, advective and constrained regions, that most of segregation occurs during the very first stages of the flow, and that bed hardening becomes stronger while bedload and creep weaken along time. We obtain the segregation rates, their evolution along time, their variation with the applied shearing, and the time evolution of creeping and bedload. Finally, we propose characteristic times for the segregation of large particles and bed hardening. Our results shed light on the complex motion of sheared beds existing in nature, such as river beds and creeping lands.
description: This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Phys. Fluids 35, 103326 (2023) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0168415
DEVELOPMENT OF NEW SYSTEMS OF BIO-PRESERVATION FOR THE SAFETY AND SHELF-LIFE OF FOOD
Creators: name: QUATTRINI, MATTIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: This PhD thesis deals with the selection and characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria strains to be applied in different stages of supply chain of bakery and cereal production, in order to set up bio-control strategies, against the cereal-related fungal contaminants. We studied and highlighted some interesting functional and nutritional features of Lactobacillus plantarum CE84, which can be exploited as new starter for food fermentations, in bakery and/or cereal sector, delaying or inhibiting fungal contaminants. Moreover, we demonstrated that could be possible to prolong the mould-free shelf life of the bread, using selected hetero-fermentative Lactobacillus strains in sourdough preparation with wheat flour and sucrose. Further studies will allow to verify the possible application of these strategies for improving food quality and safety.
title: Zwischen Besatzung und Befreiung
Creators: name: Stoffers, Nadjeschda-Magdalena
Year: 2022

description: Die Lebensgeschichten der Kinder österreichischer Frauen und alliierter Soldaten, auch „Besatzungskinder“ genannt, die im Zeitraum 1945-1956 zur Welt kamen, wurden lange tabuisiert und erst in der jüngeren Geschichtswissenschaft untersucht. Viele „Besatzungskinder“ hatten in ihrer Kindheit und Jugend mit Stigmatisierung und Diskriminierung zu kämpfen, jene, die einen nicht-weißen Vater hatten, oft über das Erwachsenwerden hinaus. Andere Betroffene berichten, keinerlei Nachteile aufgrund ihres alliierten Vaters erlebt zu haben. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht verschiedene Narrative zum Alltagserleben in der Kindheit und Jugend anhand von geführten Interviews mit elf „Besatzungskindern“. Dafür werden zuerst die historischen Rahmenbedingungen zum Alltag der Frauen in der österreichischen Nachkriegs- und Besatzungszeit diskutiert, ebenso wie die verschiedenen Fraternisierungsregelungen der vier alliierten Mächte. Dem folgt ein Überblick des Themenkomplexes „Besatzungskinder“ und eine Diskussion des Terminus anhand einer vergleichenden Analyse von Eigen- und Fremdzuschreibungen. Im Hauptteil der Arbeit werden anhand der Interviews zehn Faktoren ermittelt und untersucht, die das Alltagserleben der „Besatzungskinder“ in ihrer Kindheit und Jugend beeinflussten: Der Zeitpunkt des Erfahrens um den leiblichen Vater, das Geburtsjahr, Geschlecht und Erscheinungsbild des Kindes, die Besatzungszone, in der es aufwuchs, sowie der Wohnort, die finanzielle Situation, die Beziehung der leiblichen Eltern zueinander sowie der familiäre und gesellschaftliche Umgang mit dem Kind. Diese Faktoren bedingen und beeinflussen sich gegenseitig. Durch ihr Zusammenwirken lässt sich die erzählte Diversität in den Biografien der „Besatzungskinder“ nachzeichnen und analysieren.
Neural Stress Fields for Reduced-order Elastoplasticity and Fracture
Creators: name: Zong, Zeshun
name: Li, Xuan
name: Li, Minchen
name: Chiaramonte, Maurizio M.
name: Matusik, Wojciech
name: Grinspun, Eitan
name: Carlberg, Kevin
name: Jiang, Chenfanfu
name: Chen, Peter Yichen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a hybrid neural network and physics framework for reduced-order modeling of elastoplasticity and fracture. State-of-the-art scientific computing models like the Material Point Method (MPM) faithfully simulate large-deformation elastoplasticity and fracture mechanics. However, their long runtime and large memory consumption render them unsuitable for applications constrained by computation time and memory usage, e.g., virtual reality. To overcome these barriers, we propose a reduced-order framework. Our key innovation is training a low-dimensional manifold for the Kirchhoff stress field via an implicit neural representation. This low-dimensional neural stress field (NSF) enables efficient evaluations of stress values and, correspondingly, internal forces at arbitrary spatial locations. In addition, we also train neural deformation and affine fields to build low-dimensional manifolds for the deformation and affine momentum fields. These neural stress, deformation, and affine fields share the same low-dimensional latent space, which uniquely embeds the high-dimensional simulation state. After training, we run new simulations by evolving in this single latent space, which drastically reduces the computation time and memory consumption. Our general continuum-mechanics-based reduced-order framework is applicable to any phenomena governed by the elastodynamics equation. To showcase the versatility of our framework, we simulate a wide range of material behaviors, including elastica, sand, metal, non-Newtonian fluids, fracture, contact, and collision. We demonstrate dimension reduction by up to 100,000X and time savings by up to 10X.
D2D Enhanced Heterogeneous Cellular Networks with Dynamic TDD
Creators: name: Sun, Hongguang
name: Wildemeersch, Matthias
name: Sheng, Min
name: Quek, Tony Q. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the last decade, the growing amount of UL and DL mobile data traffic has been characterized by substantial asymmetry and time variations. Dynamic time-division duplex (TDD) has the capability to accommodate to the traffic asymmetry by adapting the UL/DL configuration to the current traffic demands. In this work, we study a two-tier heterogeneous cellular network (HCN) where the macro tier and small cell tier operate according to a dynamic TDD scheme on orthogonal frequency bands. To offload the network infrastructure, mobile users in proximity can engage in D2D communications, whose activity is determined by a carrier sensing multiple access (CSMA) scheme to protect the ongoing infrastructure-based and D2D transmissions. We present an analytical framework to evaluate the network performance in terms of load-aware coverage probability and network throughput. The proposed framework allows to quantify the effect on the coverage probability of the most important TDD system parameters, such as the UL/DL configuration, the base station density, and the bias factor. In addition, we evaluate how the bandwidth partition and the D2D network access scheme affect the total network throughput. Through the study of the tradeoff between coverage probability and D2D user activity, we provide guidelines for the optimal design of D2D network access.
description: 15 pages; 9 figures; submitted to IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Zero Lyapunov exponents and monodromy of the Kontsevich-Zorich cocycle
Creators: name: Filip, Simion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe all the situations in which the Kontsevich-Zorich cocycle has zero Lyapunov exponents. Confirming a conjecture of Forni, Matheus, and Zorich, this only occurs when the cocycle satisfies additional geometric constraints. We also describe the real Lie groups which can appear in the monodromy of the Kontsevich-Zorich cocycle. The number of zero exponents is then as small as possible, given its monodromy.
description: 36 pages
Barycentrically associative and preassociative functions
Creators: name: Marichal, Jean-Luc
name: Teheux, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39B72

description: We investigate the barycentric associativity property for functions with indefinite arities and discuss the more general property of barycentric preassociativity, a generalization of barycentric associativity which does not involve any composition of functions. We also provide a generalization of Kolmogoroff-Nagumo's characterization of the quasi-arithmetic mean functions to barycentrically preassociative functions.
title: NMR for food profiling
Creators: name: Malitz, Tamina
Year: 2022

description: Alkoholische Mixgetränke wie Long Drinks oder Cocktails spielen eine wichtige Rolle in der Lebenswelt von Jugendlichen. Im Zuge des Projektes NMR for Food Profiling – Long Drink, Short Experiment wird in dieser Masterarbeit ein Konzept für einen Workshoptag im Rahmen des Schüler*innenlabors ELKE AUSTRIA erarbeitet. Die Schüler*innen lernen dabei die NMR-Spektroskopie theoretisch und praktisch als naturwissenschaftliche Forschungsmethode kennen. Im Zuge des innovativen Lernangebotes wird sowohl eine qualitative Laborphase mit klassischen Nachweisexperimenten als auch eine anschließende Messung des Probenspektrums mit Hilfe eines 1H-NMR Spektrometers für Schüler*innen nach dem Design-Based Research Cycle (Euler & Sloane, 2014) erstellt. Die Materialien wurden nach einem ersten Testlauf mit Expert*innen aus dem Fachbereich NMR evaluiert und überarbeitet. Die Erkenntnisse aus der weiteren Durchführung an der Universität Wien mit Schüler*innen wurden abschließend zusammengefasst und diskutiert.
description: Alcoholic drinks like long drinks and cocktails play an important role in adolescents’ everyday life. As a part of the project NMR for Food Profiling – Long Drink, Short Experiment this master thesis aims to create a concept for a workshop based on the students’ laboratory ELKE AUSTRIA in which students learn about the theory and practical use of NMR spectroscopy as an important scientific research method. The innovative learning environment includes a qualitative analysis laboratory phase followed by a second 1H-NMR laboratory phase to measure an unknown long drink sample. The project follows the design-based research approach after Euler and Sloane (2014) in which contents are first evaluated by NMR experts. After an optimisation phase the workshop took place at the university of Vienna. The results of this first test are summarised and discussed at the end of this thesis.
Decoherence of nuclear spins in the "frozen core" of an electron spin
Creators: name: Guichard, R.
name: Balian, S. J.
name: Wolfowicz, G.
name: Mortemousque, P. A.
name: Monteiro, T. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid qubit systems combining electronic spins with nearby ("proximate") nuclear spin registers offer a promising avenue towards quantum information processing, with even multi-spin error correction protocols recently demonstrated in diamond. However, for the important platform offered by spins of donor atoms in cryogenically-cooled silicon,decoherence mechanisms of $^{29}$Si proximate nuclear spins are not yet well understood.The reason is partly because proximate spins lie within a so-called "frozen core" region where the donor electronic hyperfine interaction strongly suppresses nuclear dynamics. We investigate the decoherence of a central proximate nuclear qubit arising from quantum spin baths outside, as well as inside, the frozen core around the donor electron. We consider the effect of a very large nuclear spin bath comprising many ($\gtrsim 10^8$) weakly contributing pairs outside the frozen core. We also propose that there may be an important contribution from a few (of order $100$) symmetrically sited nuclear spin pairs ("equivalent pairs"), which were not previously considered as their effect is negligible outside the frozen core. If equivalent pairs represent a measurable source of decoherence, nuclear coherence decays could provide sensitive probes of the symmetries of electronic wavefunctions. For the phosphorus donor system, we obtain $T_{2n}$ values of order 1 second for both the "far bath" and "equivalent pair" models, confirming the suitability of proximate nuclei in silicon as very long-lived spin qubits.
Tacit knowledge barriers, enablers and adaptation: exploring Australia’s franchise industry
Creators: name: Kirby-Miller, Heath
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 461008
subject: Organisation of information and knowledge resources

description: Tacit knowledge is possessed by people and generally acquired through practical experience. Tacit knowledge is valuable and to not be aware of it can limit an organization’s success. However, tacit knowledge is not easily shared because it resides deep within people’s minds. This thesis explores the role of tacit knowledge sharing in Australia’s franchise industry. A range of barriers and enablers to tacit knowledge sharing are identified. This thesis also examines how new knowledge and tacit knowledge influence introducing new processes into a franchise organization, which is typically considered static and similar across different locations.
$ν_R$ dark matter-philic Higgs for 3.5 keV X-ray signal
Creators: name: Haba, Naoyuki
name: Ishida, Hiroyuki
name: Takahashi, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a new model of 7 keV right-handed neutrino dark matter inspired by a recent observation of 3.5 keV X-ray line signal in the XMM-Newton observatory. It is difficult to derive the tiny masses with a suitable left-right mixing of the neutrino in a framework of ordinary simple type-I seesaw mechanism. We introduce a new Higgs boson, a dark matter-philic Higgs boson, in which the smallness of its vacuum expectation value can be achieved. We investigate suitable parameter regions where the observed dark matter properties are satisfied. We find that the vacuum expectation value of dark matter-philic Higgs boson should be about 0.17 GeV.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, v2:references added, minor changes, v3:published version
On joint distributions of the maximum, minimum and terminal value of a continuous uniformly integrable martingale
Creators: name: Cox, Alexander M. G.
name: Obłój, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G44, 60J65

description: We study the joint laws of a continuous, uniformly integrable martingale, its maximum, and its minimum. In particular, we give explicit martingale inequalities which provide upper and lower bounds on the joint exit probabilities of a martingale, given its terminal law. Moreover, by constructing explicit and novel solutions to the Skorokhod embedding problem, we show that these bounds are tight. Together with previous results of Azéma & Yor, Perkins, Jacka and Cox & Obłój, this allows us to completely characterise the upper and lower bounds on all possible exit/no-exit probabilities, subject to a given terminal law of the martingale. In addition, we determine some further properties of these bounds, considered as functions of the maximum and minimum.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures. This is the authors' accepted version of the paper which will appear in Stochastic Processes and their Applications
Improving target-disease association prediction through a graph neural network with credibility information
Creators: name: Liu, Chang
name: Cuinan Yu
name: Yipin Lei
name: Kangbo Lyu
name: Tingzhong Tian
name: Qianhao Li
name: Zhao, Dan
name: Fengfeng Zhou
name: Jianyang Zeng
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2022

description: Identifying effective target-disease associations (TDAs) can alleviate the tremendous cost incurred by clinical failures of drug development. We develop CreaTDA, an end-to-end deep learning-based framework that effectively learns latent feature representations of targets and diseases to facilitate TDA prediction. We also propose a novel way of encoding credibility information obtained from literature to enhance the performance of TDA prediction and predict more novel TDAs with real evidence support from previous studies. Compared with state-of-the-art baseline methods, CreaTDA achieves substantially better prediction performance on both the whole TDA network and its sparse sub-networks containing the proteins associated with few known diseases. Our results demonstrate that CreaTDA can provide a powerful and helpful tool for identifying novel target-disease associations, thereby facilitating drug discovery.
title: Unterschiede bei Leistungsbeurteilungen von Deutsch-Schularbeiten
Creators: name: Straussberger, Nina
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich mit Unterschieden in Korrekturen und Leistungsbeurteilungen im Fach Deutsch. Das Ziel ist es, Differenzen und Gemeinsamkeiten verschiedener Lehrer:innen sowohl aus Allgemeinbildenden Höheren Schulen als auch Neuen Mittelschulen zu beleuchten. Dazu wurde mittels eines mixed-methods-designs quantitativ und qualitativ vorgegangen. Anhand einer anonymen Schularbeit im Fach Deutsch und eines Online-Fragebogens wurden das Korrekturverhalten und die Notengebungen von 21 Lehrer:innen untersucht. Es konnten deutliche Unterschiede in der Korrekturpraxis aufgezeigt werden. Darüber hinaus waren hohe Sprünge in den Benotungen zu beobachten. Die Spanne reichte dabei von einem „Gut“ bis zu einem „Nicht genügend“ für ein und denselben Schularbeitstext. Diese Erkenntnisse decken sich mit ähnlichen Untersuchungen zur Objektivität bei Bewertungen (vgl. Davies 2007; Hennig 2012; Vierlinger 2012), wenngleich bis dato keine vergleichbaren Studien durchgeführt wurden, welche die Thematiken Korrekturverhalten und Leistungsbeurteilungen kombinieren.
description: This master's thesis deals with differences in correcting and performance assessments in the school subject German. The aim is to shed light on differences and similarities between different teachers from both general secondary schools and new secondary schools. For this purpose, a mixed-methods-design was used, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The correction behavior and grading of 21 teachers was investigated by means of anonymous school work in German and an online questionnaire. Significant differences in correction practices could be shown. In addition, high jumps in the grades were observed. The range extended from a "good" to an "insufficient" for one and the same text. These findings are in line with similar studies on objectivity in assessments (cf. Davies 2007; Hennig 2012; Vierlinger 2012), although no comparable studies combining the topics of corrective behavior and performance assessments have been conducted to date.
Knowledge-driven mechanistic enrichment of the preeclampsia ignorome
Creators: name: Callahan, Tiffany J.
name: Stefanski, Adrianne L
name: Kim, Jin-Dong
name: Baumgartner, William A.
name: Wyrwa, Jordan M.
name: Hunter, Lawrence E
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2022

description: Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Currently, the only definitive treatment of preeclampsia is delivery of the placenta, which is central to the pathogenesis of the disease. Transcriptional profiling of human placenta from pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia has been extensively performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The decisions to investigate DEGs experimentally are biased by many factors, causing many DEGs to remain uninvestigated. A set of DEGs which are associated with a disease experimentally, but which have no known association to the disease in the literature are known as the ignorome. Preeclampsia has an extensive body of scientific literature, a large pool of DEG data, and only one definitive treatment. Tools facilitating knowledge-based analyses, which are capable of combining disparate data from many sources in order to suggest underlying mechanisms of action, may be a valuable resource to support discovery and improve our understanding of this disease. In this work we demonstrate how a biomedical knowledge graph (KG) can be used to identify novel preeclampsia molecular mechanisms. Existing open source biomedical resources and publicly available high-throughput transcriptional profiling data were used to identify and annotate the function of currently uninvestigated preeclampsia-associated DEGs. Experimentally investigated genes associated with preeclampsia were identified from PubMed abstracts using text-mining methodologies. The relative complement of the text-mined- and meta-analysis-derived lists were identified as the uninvestigated preeclampsia-associated DEGs (n=445), i.e., the preeclampsia ignorome. Using the KG to investigate relevant DEGs revealed 53 novel clinically relevant and biologically actionable mechanistic associations.

 More more information please visit the associated Website: http://tiffanycallahan.com/ignorenet/
Exact and Heuristic Algorithms for Semi-Nonnegative Matrix Factorization
Creators: name: Gillis, Nicolas
name: Kumar, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given a matrix $M$ (not necessarily nonnegative) and a factorization rank $r$, semi-nonnegative matrix factorization (semi-NMF) looks for a matrix $U$ with $r$ columns and a nonnegative matrix $V$ with $r$ rows such that $UV$ is the best possible approximation of $M$ according to some metric. In this paper, we study the properties of semi-NMF from which we develop exact and heuristic algorithms. Our contribution is threefold. First, we prove that the error of a semi-NMF of rank $r$ has to be smaller than the best unconstrained approximation of rank $r-1$. This leads us to a new initialization procedure based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) with a guarantee on the quality of the approximation. Second, we propose an exact algorithm (that is, an algorithm that finds an optimal solution), also based on the SVD, for a certain class of matrices (including nonnegative irreducible matrices) from which we derive an initialization for matrices not belonging to that class. Numerical experiments illustrate that this second approach performs extremely well, and allows us to compute optimal semi-NMF decompositions in many situations. Finally, we analyze the computational complexity of semi-NMF proving its NP-hardness, already in the rank-one case (that is, for $r = 1$), and we show that semi-NMF is sometimes ill-posed (that is, an optimal solution does not exist).
description: 22 pages, 6 figures. New: comparison with k-means initialization, numerical results on real data, ill-posedness of semi-NMF
Quantified Effects of the Laser Seeding Attack in Quantum Key Distribution
Creators: name: Lovic, Victor
name: Marangon, Davide G.
name: Smith, Peter. R.
name: Woodward, Robert I.
name: Shields, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables private communications with information-theoretic security. To guarantee the practical security of QKD, it is essential that QKD systems are implemented in accordance to theoretical requirements and robust against side-channel attacks. Here we study a prominent attack on QKD transmitters known as the laser seeding attack (LSA). It consists in injecting photons into the laser of the transmitter in an attempt to modify the outgoing light in some way that is beneficial to the eavesdropper. In this work we measure the response of a QKD transmitter to the LSA as a function of the optical power injected, allowing us to quantify the level of optical attenuation required to mitigate the attack. Further, we employ a laser rate equation model to numerically simulate the effects of the LSA on a gain-switched laser. With this model we are able to reproduce previous experimental results, as well as generate new insight into the LSA by examining the effects of the LSA when the QKD transmitter is operated with different laser current driving parameters.
title: Kritik und Konflikte bei Zurschaustellungen der "Aschanti" und "Bischari" in Wien
Creators: name: Haselsteiner, Pia Sophia
Year: 2022

description: Über viele Jahrzehnte des ausgehenden 19. Jahrhunderts hinweg fanden Zurschaustellungen nicht-weißer und nicht-europäischer Personen eine große Popularität in Europa. Sie etablierten sich zu regelrechten Massenveranstaltungen. Trotz des enormen Zuspruchs kam es vereinzelt zu kritischen Stimmen. Häufig handelte es sich jedoch nur um Äußerungen betreffend einer überspitzen Inszenierung und einem imaginierten moralischen Verfall. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Masterarbeit ist es, diese kritischen Stimmen, Widerstände und Konflikte während der ‚Aschanti‘ und ‚Bischari‘ Zurschaustellungen im Tiergarten am Schüttel im Wiener Prater hervorzuheben, zu erarbeiten und zu analysieren. Diverse Wiener Tageszeitungen erweisen sich als wichtige Quelle, in dem sie sexualisierte Übergriffe, Gerichtsprozesse, Widerstände sowie Konflikte zwischen zurschaugestellten Personen und Besucher*innen intensiv behandelten. Neben Zeitungsberichten waren Karikaturen, Gedichte und Wiener Lieder Ausdruck einer flächendeckenden medialen Repräsentation. Texte von Peter Altenberg und Theodor Herzl sind wichtige Quellen zur Verdeutlichung des zeitgenössischen Diskurses in Wien. Weniger ertragreich war die Aushebung nicht-weißer und nicht-europäischer Perspektiven. Dadurch sind Texte von Jaboleh Domsei, Nayo Bruce, Friedrich Maharero und Ham Mukasa umso bedeutsamer. Durch die Analyse der komplexen zeitgenössischen Medienlandschaft eröffnet sich eine vielschichtige Veranschaulichung, in der zwar einzelne Elemente kritisiert oder belächelt werden, nicht aber das Konzept von Zurschaustellungen selbst. Darstellungen, die aus der Perspektive von weißen Personen produziert wurden, haben eines gemein, sie bedienen sich Exotisierungen, rassistischer Ideologien und der daraus folgenden Abwertung schwarzer Personen.
title: Сравнительный анализ эффективности искусственного и естественного лесовосстановления
Creators: name: Филимонова, Вероника
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: По прогнозам, благодаря пилотным проектам, предусмотренным стратегией лесного развития до 2030 года, к 2024 году будет полностью восстановлен баланс между вырубленными и восстановленными лесами. По данным статистики, начиная с 2018 года площадь лесовосстановления превосходит площади сплошных рубок,
следовательно, лесные ресурсы восстанавливаются в полном объеме. Однако на практике не все так благополучно. По оценкам экспертов, ежегодно 40% объема вырубленного леса составляют незаконные рубки. Однако официальные источники пытаются утверждать, что незаконными остаются всего 1–2%. Чаще всего незаконные рубки производят предприятия под «прикрытием» санитарных рубок леса. В статье проанализирован процесс лесовосстановления в России, а также определены пути его дальнейшего развития.
Действующая система воспроизведения лесов не может обеспечить сбалансированности лесовосстановления. По результатам проведенного исследования автором предлагаются
возможные пути решения рассмотренной проблемы.
3D galaxy clustering with future wide-field surveys: Advantages of a spherical Fourier-Bessel analysis
Creators: name: Lanusse, F.
name: Rassat, A.
name: Starck, J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Upcoming spectroscopic galaxy surveys are extremely promising to help in addressing the major challenges of cosmology, in particular in understanding the nature of the dark universe. The strength of these surveys comes from their unprecedented depth and width. Optimal extraction of their three-dimensional information is of utmost importance to best constrain the properties of the dark universe. Although there is theoretical motivation and novel tools to explore these surveys using the 3D spherical Fourier-Bessel (SFB) power spectrum of galaxy number counts $C_\ell(k,k^\prime)$, most survey optimisations and forecasts are based on the tomographic spherical harmonics power spectrum $C^{(ij)}_\ell$. We performed a new investigation of the information that can be extracted from the tomographic and 3D SFB techniques by comparing the forecast cosmological parameter constraints obtained from a Fisher analysis in the context of planned stage IV wide-field galaxy surveys. The comparison was made possible by careful and coherent treatment of non-linear scales in the two analyses. Nuisance parameters related to a scale- and redshift-dependent galaxy bias were also included for the first time in the computation of both the 3D SFB and tomographic power spectra. Tomographic and 3D SFB methods can recover similar constraints in the absence of systematics. However, constraints from the 3D SFB analysis are less sensitive to unavoidable systematics stemming from a redshift- and scale-dependent galaxy bias. Even for surveys that are optimised with tomography in mind, a 3D SFB analysis is more powerful. In addition, for survey optimisation, the figure of merit for the 3D SFB method increases more rapidly with redshift, especially at higher redshifts, suggesting that the 3D SFB method should be preferred for designing and analysing future wide-field spectroscopic surveys.
description: 12 pages, 6 Figures. Python package for cosmological forecasts available at https://cosmicpy.github.io . Updated figures. Matches published version
Herding interactions as an opportunity to prevent extreme events in financial markets
Creators: name: Kononovicius, Aleksejus
name: Gontis, Vygintas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A characteristic feature of complex systems in general is a tight coupling between their constituent parts. In complex socio-economic systems this kind of behavior leads to self-organization, which may be both desirable (e.g. social cooperation) and undesirable (e.g. mass panic, financial "bubbles" or "crashes"). Abundance of the empirical data as well as general insights into the trading behavior enables the creation of simple agent-based models reproducing sophisticated statistical features of the financial markets. In this contribution we consider a possibility to prevent self-organized extreme events in artificial financial market setup built upon a simple agent-based herding model. We show that introduction of agents with predefined fundamentalist trading behavior helps to significantly reduce the probability of the extreme price fluctuations events. We also test random trading control strategy, which was previously found to be promising, and find that its impact on the market is rather ambiguous. Though some of the results indicate that it might actually stabilize financial fluctuations.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
title: Влияние растительного наполнителя на сливочные десерты
Creators: name: Фитьо, Алена
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: В пищевой промышленности для разработки новой продукции стали все чаще применять молочные продукты. Появление разнообразного ассортимента в молочном направлении позволяет значительно увеличить спрос на потребление населением молочной продукции. Большой популярностью для производства новой продукции пользуются молочные десерты. Помимо вкуса, молочные десерты могут быть разные по структуре и консистенции. Они могут быть изготовлены как с помощью взбивания, так и без него. Применение разнообразных наполнителей животной и растительной природы в сочетании с полезной микрофлорой десертов привлекает заинтересованность потенциального потребителя. Также с каждым днем все больше растет
интерес к молочным десертам с диетической и профилактической тенденцией. В статье изложено обоснование разработки технологии сливочного десерта с куркумой из топленых сливок.
Влияние параметров кольцевого клапана на процессы всасывания и нагнетания в поршневых компрессорах
Creators: name: Андрей Аркадьевич Котлов
Publisher: name: Научно-технические ведомости СПбПУ. Естественные и инженерные науки
Year: 2018
Subjects: поршневой компрессор
самодействующий клапан
кольцевой клапан
экономичность
надежность
reciprocating compressor
self-acting valve
annular valve
economy
reliability

description: Обеспечение эффективной и надежной работы органов газораспределения поршневых машин – одна из важнейших проблем при проектировании, производстве и эксплуатации компрессорной техники. Самодействующие клапаны оказывают существенное влияние на экономичность и надёжность поршневого компрессора. При проектировании и расчете клапанов стоит задача нахождения оптимальных параметров, при которых будут минимальные потери давления при протекании газа через клапан и высокие показатели его надежности. Выполнено теоретическое исследование работы кольцевого клапана с несколькими запорными элементами при различных значениях жесткости пружины и максимального хода клапана. Приведены зависимости потерь давления во всасывающем и нагнетательном клапане и диаграммы движения пластин клапана от угла поворота коленчатого вала и варьируемых параметров клапанов. Исследование выполнено с использованием численного эксперимента по специально разработанной компьютерной программе с возможностью многопараметрического расчета.
Theory of force-extension curve for modular proteins and DNA hairpins
Creators: name: Bonilla, L. L.
name: Carpio, A.
name: Prados, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model describing the force-extension curves of modular proteins, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules made out of several single units or modules. At a mesoscopic level of description, the configuration of the system is given by the elongations of each of the units. The system free energy includes a double-well potential for each unit and an elastic nearest neighbor interaction between them. Minimizing the free energy yields the system equilibrium properties whereas its dynamics is given by (overdamped) Langevin equations for the elongations, in which friction and noise amplitude are related by the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. Our results, both for the equilibrium and the dynamical situations, include analytical and numerical descriptions of the system force-extension curves under force or length control, and agree very well with actual experiments in biomolecules. Our conclusions also apply to other physical systems comprising a number of metastable units, such as storage systems or semiconductor superlattices.
description: major revision, accepted for publication in PRE; 20 pages, 13 figures
title: Klimathemen in den GW-Schulbüchern der Sekundarstufe II
Creators: name: Bachbauer, Verena
Year: 2022

description: In allen GW-Lehrplänen, sowohl AHS-Oberstufe als auch BHS, ist das Klimathema das am meisten Physiogeographie repräsentierende Thema. Hinsichtlich der Lehrplanänderungen haben sich auch in diesem Themenbereich immer wieder Veränderungen ergeben. Die Kompetenzorientierung, wie sie beispielsweise schon im AHS-Lehrplan 2004 (vgl. BMUKK 2004: 39 f.) angedeutet wird, aber definitiv seit dem heute gültigen Lehrplan 2016 feststeht, fordert eine neue Unterrichtskultur und bringt insbesondere hinsichtlich der Aufgaben- und Problemstellungen Veränderungen mit sich (vgl. BMBWF 2016: 59.). In den letzten Jahren konnte man vermerken, dass den Lehrkräften kompetenzorientiertes Unterrichtsmaterial zur Erklärung, insbesondere durch die Schulbücher, zur Verfügung gestellt wurde. Im Zuge dieser Masterarbeit wurden daher sechs AHS-Oberstufen- und fünf BHS-Schulbücher hinsichtlich der Umsetzung der geforderten Kompetenzorientierung analysiert. Die Analysekriterien beziehen sich sowohl auf die Aufgaben- und Problemstellungen mit den angeführten Anforderungsbereichen bzw. Handlungsdimensionen, dem Operatoren- und Deskriptoreneinsatz, den Medien, das zur Bearbeitung bereitgestellte Material und der methodischen Umsetzung in den Schulbüchern. In den AHS-Schulbüchern wurden die ausgewählten Schulbuchseiten noch hinsichtlich der Umsetzung der Basiskonzepte analysiert. Grundsätzlich konnte festgestellt werden, dass alle Schulbücher die geforderte Kompetenzorientierung mit Fokus auf das Klimathema sehr unterschiedlich umgesetzt haben. Einige „Best Practice“ Aufgabenstellungen konnten dennoch festgestellt werden und wurden in der Zusammenschau begründet. Eine kompetenzorientierte Möglichkeit, wie sie in keinem Schulbuch zu finden war, nämlich „Klimadiagramme in Raumlage“, wird für die festgestellten Hürden in den Schulbüchern skizziert. So einen Weg findet man beispielsweise im Schulbuch der 5. Klasse AHS „Gesellschaft in Wirtschaft und Raum“ (vgl. RIESS et al. 1985) aus dem Jahr 1985. Darüber hinaus gibt es aber noch weitere interessante Medien, die für einen kompetenzorientierten Unterricht in Frage kommen.
The effective action in Coulomb gauge QCD
Creators: name: Andrasi, A.
name: Taylor, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 11.15, Bt, 03.70.+k

description: At 2-loop order, Feynman integrals in the Coulomb gauge are divergent over the internal energy variables. Nevertheless, it is known how to calculate the effective action provided that the external gluon fields are all transverse. We show that, for the two-gluon Greens function as an example, the method can be extended to include longitudinal external fields. The longitudinal Greens functions appear in the BRST identities. As an intermediate step, we use a flow gauge, which interpolates between the Feynman and Coulomb gauges.
title: Gesprächsorganisation bei dolmetscherInnenvermittelter und Lingua franca-Kommunikation
Creators: name: Lyszcz, Iga
Year: 2022

description: Das Ziel dieser Masterarbeit ist es, eine vergleichende Analyse der Gesprächsorganisation bei dolmetscherInnenvermittelter sowie Lingua franca-Kommunikation zu erstellen. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit wird ein Überblick über die theoretischen Grundlagen wie Begriffsdefinitionen, das monolinguale Turn-taking-System, das institutionelle Machtgefälle, die Institutionalisierung des Dolmetschens sowie den bisherigen Forschungsstand gegeben. Im Anschluss daran wird das durchzuführende Experiment mit zwei szenario-basierten Dialogen zum selben Thema sowie Inhalt beschrieben. Der erste monolinguale Dialog wird mittels Englisch als Lingua franca bzw. Hilfssprache durchgeführt. Daran anschließend erfolgt die dolmetscherInnenvermittelte Kommunikationssituation, bei der dialogisch zwischen den Sprachen Deutsch und Spanisch gedolmetscht wird. Die beiden Dialoge werden zunächst einzeln kommentiert und anschließend miteinander verglichen. Das Hauptaugenmerk liegt hierbei auf der quantitativen Analyse der Gesprächsorganisation im Hinblick auf Rückfragen und Wiederholungen. Der Vergleich sowie die quantitative Analyse der beiden Szenarien lassen darauf schließen, dass dolmetscherInnenvermittelte Kommunikation dank der Mediation der Dolmetscherin insgesamt reibungsfreier sowie harmonischer verläuft. Es kommt zu weniger Unterbrechungen, das Rederecht bzw. die Gesprächsabfolge ist ausgewogen, beide Gesprächspartner kommen in gleichem Ausmaß zu Wort, ohne den anderen zu unterbrechen. Den Abschluss der Arbeit bildet die Beantwortung der für diese Masterarbeit definierten Forschungsfrage. In monolingualer Lingua franca-Kommunikation werden häufiger Wiederholungen sowie Rückfragen, die Wiederholungen von Turns beinhalten, geäußert: 123 Wiederholungen (Polizist: 78, Zeuge: 45) sowie 43 Rückfragen, die Wiederholungen von Turns beinhalten (Polizist: 42, Zeuge: 1). Im Vergleich dazu werden im Rahmen der dolmetscherinnenvermittelten Kommunikation lediglich 18 Wiederholungen (Polizist: 11, Zeuge: 4, Dolmetscherin: 3) sowie 16 Rückfragen, die Wiederholungen beinhalten (Polizist: 13, Dolmetscherin: 3), identifiziert.