cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wafer-scale nanofabrication of telecom single-photon emitters in silicon
Creators: name: Hollenbach, Michael
name: Klingner, Nico
name: Jagtap, Nagesh S.
name: Bischoff, Lothar
name: Fowley, Ciarán
name: Kentsch, Ulrich
name: Hlawacek, Gregor
name: Erbe, Artur
name: Abrosimov, Nikolay V.
name: Helm, Manfred
name: Berencén, Yonder
name: Astakhov, Georgy V.
Publisher: name: [London] : Nature Publishing Group UK
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: probability
subject: quantum mechanics
subject: silicon
subject: telecommunication
subject: 500

description: A highly promising route to scale millions of qubits is to use quantum photonic integrated circuits (PICs), where deterministic photon sources, reconfigurable optical elements, and single-photon detectors are monolithically integrated on the same silicon chip. The isolation of single-photon emitters, such as the G centers and W centers, in the optical telecommunication O-band, has recently been realized in silicon. In all previous cases, however, single-photon emitters were created uncontrollably in random locations, preventing their scalability. Here, we report the controllable fabrication of single G and W centers in silicon wafers using focused ion beams (FIB) with high probability. We also implement a scalable, broad-beam implantation protocol compatible with the complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology to fabricate single telecom emitters at desired positions on the nanoscale. Our findings unlock a clear and easily exploitable pathway for industrial-scale photonic quantum processors with technology nodes below 100 nm.
Topical Application of a Bioadhesive Black Raspberry Gel Modulates Gene Expression and Reduces Cyclooxygenase 2 Protein in Human Premalignant Oral Lesions
Creators: name: Zwick, Jared C.
name: Shumway, Brian S.
name: Mumper, Russell J.
name: Stoner, Gary D.
name: Fields, Henry W.
name: Tong, Meng
name: Larsen, Peter E.
name: Pei, Ping
name: Lu, Bo
name: Mallery, Susan R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Reduced expression of proapoptotic and terminal differentiation genes in conjunction with increased levels of the proinflammatory and angiogenesis-inducing enzymes, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), correlate with malignant transformation of oral intraepithelial neoplasia (IEN). Accordingly, this study investigated the effects of a 10% (w/w) freeze-dried black raspberry gel on oral IEN histopathology, gene expression profiles, intraepithelial COX-2 and iNOS proteins, and microvascular densities. Our laboratories have shown that freeze-dried black raspberries possess antioxidant properties and also induce keratinocyte apoptosis and terminal differentiation. Oral IEN tissues were hemisected to provide samples for pretreatment diagnoses and establish baseline biochemical and molecular variables. Treatment of the remaining lesional tissue (0.5 g gel applied four times daily for 6 weeks) began 1 week after the initial biopsy. RNA was isolated from snap-frozen IEN lesions for microarray analyses, followed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR validation. Additional epithelial gene-specific quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analyses facilitated the assessment of target tissue treatment effects. Surface epithelial COX-2 and iNOS protein levels and microvascular densities were determined by image analysis quantified immunohistochemistry. Topical berry gel application uniformly suppressed genes associated with RNA processing, growth factor recycling, and inhibition of apoptosis. Although the majority of participants showed posttreatment decreases in epithelial iNOS and COX-2 proteins, only COX-2 reductions were statistically significant. These data show that berry gel application modulated oral IEN gene expression profiles, ultimately reducing epithelial COX-2 protein. In a patient subset, berry gel application also reduced vascular densities in the superficial connective tissues and induced genes associated with keratinocyte terminal differentiation.
title: Multimodal MRI Assessment of Thalamic Structural Changes in Earthquake Survivors
Creators: name: Tommasino, Emanuele
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: MR
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Biological effects

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Moving from the central role of the thalamus in the integration of inner and external stimuli and in the implementation of a stress-related response, the objective of the present study was to investigate the presence of any MRI structural and...
Food Movements, Resistance, and new digital repertoires in (post-)pandemic times
Creators: name: Zentgraf, Lea Loretta
name: Kalix Garcia, Thalita
Publisher: name: The International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food
Year: 2023

description: While the Covid-19 pandemic demonstrated the vulnerability of the global food system, new resilient repertoires of collective action also showed how to overcome the multiple dimensions of this crisis. Food movements played an important role in creating innovative alternatives for a more just food system. In Germany, the pandemic affected and continues to affect agri-food relations. This article argues that digital communication was an important tool to connect people for purposes beyond sharing food and supporting food-related needs. Social media became a virtual platform for social mobilisation and innovation around food alternatives during and in a (post-) pandemic world. Two relevant actors in the German food mobilisation were the protest campaign Wir haben es satt! and the food movement Slow Food Germany. The work presented here is based on digital ethnographies and an analysis of documents from the period 2020-2022. The analysis focuses on how these two movements dealt with the crisis scenario, in relation to three classic levels of protest and social movement research: (1) actor level; (2) action level; and (3) transformation level. The comparison shows that both movements developed innovative digital and hybrid repertoires of collective action, and fostered coalitions between actors fighting for a socio-ecological transformation of the food system.
description: The International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food, Vol. 29 No. 2 (2023): Regular Issue
A Multicenter, Double-Blinded Validation Study of Methylation Biomarkers for Progression Prediction in Barrett's Esophagus
Creators: name: Hamilton, James P.
name: Paun, Bogdan C.
name: Mori, Yuriko
name: Olaru, Alexandru V.
name: Romero, Yvonne
name: Cheng, Yulan
name: Meltzer, Stephen J.
name: Agarwal, Rachana
name: Ito, Tetsuo
name: Sato, Fumiaki
name: Jin, Zhe
name: Canto, Marcia Irene
name: Yang, Jian
name: David, Stefan
name: Abraham, John M.
name: Zheng, Yingye
name: Kan, Takatsugu
name: Shaheen, Nicholas J.
name: Wagner, Paul D.
name: Feng, Ziding
name: Washington, Kay
name: Gu, Wen
name: Selaru, Florin M.
name: Sampliner, Richard E.
name: Wang, Jean
name: Bhattacharyya, Achyut
name: Wang, Kenneth K.
name: Wolfsen, Herbert C.
name: Wallace, Michael B.
name: Nelson, Mark A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Esophageal adenocarcinoma risk in Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is increased 30- to 125-fold versus the general population. Among all BE patients, however, neoplastic progression occurs only once per 200 patient-years. Molecular biomarkers are therefore needed to risk-stratify patients for more efficient surveillance endoscopy and to improve the early detection of progression. We therefore performed a retrospective, multicenter, double-blinded validation study of 8 BE progression prediction methylation biomarkers. Progression or nonprogression were determined at 2 years (tier 1) and 4 years (tier 2). Methylation was assayed in 145 nonprogressors (NPs) and 50 progressors (Ps) using real-time quantitative methylation-specific PCR. Ps were significantly older than NPs (70.6 vs. 62.5 years, p < 0.001). We evaluated a linear combination of the 8 markers, using coefficients from a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) were high in the 2-, 4-year and combined data models (0.843, 0.829 and 0.840; p<0.001, p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). In addition, even after rigorous overfitting correction, the incremental AUCs contributed by panels based on the 8 markers plus age vs. age alone were substantial (Δ-AUC = 0.152, 0.114 and 0.118, respectively) in all three models. A methylation biomarker-based panel to predict neoplastic progression in BE has potential clinical value in improving both the efficiency of surveillance endoscopy and the early detection of neoplasia.
Development of sustainable adsorption technologies for fluride removal in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Barrill, Dario Garcia
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90509 Water Resources Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Dental and skeletal fluorosis affect more than eight million people in the Ethiopian Rift Valley due to the natural occurrence of high fluoride concentrations in groundwater. Adsorption technologies for its removal have been implemented showing certain level of success. Bone char has been used for a decade, synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) is currently spreading, and zeolite is going to be piloted. They share aspects such as the same treatment plant design, financial and management structure or simplicity in operation and maintenance. However, they vary in technical and environmental features, associated costs and social acceptance. Despite their relative long-term implementation and promising characteristics still they have not been scaled-up. Therefore, this research contributes to understand in more depth the experiences gathered and their strengths-weaknesses-opportunities-threats which explain the current situation. Since it has been proved that technologies themselves might not be the only reason behind, the research evaluates the different sustainability factors that could hinder their development. This includes the changes needed from the involved stakeholders and enabling environment to improve their performance. The research highlights the importance of assessing these technologies with a holistic approach, to transform them into sustainable options able to contribute to mitigate the negative health and socio-economic impacts affecting the rural communities in Ethiopia.
(401781) Catherine Miller
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Novel Lung Metastasis Signature Links Wnt Signaling with Cancer Cell Self-Renewal and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Basal-like Breast Cancer
Creators: name: DiMeo, Theresa A.
name: Feng, Chang
name: Anderson, Kristen
name: Naber, Steven
name: Perou, Charles M.
name: Kuperwasser, Charlotte
name: Phadke, Pushkar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The establishment of metastasis depends on the ability of cancer cells to acquire a migratory phenotype combined with their capacity to recreate a secondary tumor in a distant tissue. In epithelial cancers, such as those of the breast, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with basal-like breast cancers, generates cells with stem-like properties, and enables cancer cell dissemination and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanism(s) that connects stem cell–like characteristics with EMT has yet to be defined. Using an orthotopic model of human breast cancer metastasis to lung, we identified a poor prognosis gene signature, in which several components of the wnt signaling pathway were overexpressed in early lung metastases. The wnt genes identified in this signature were strongly associated with human basal-like breast cancers. We found that inhibiting wnt signaling through LRP6 reduced the capacity of cancer cells to self-renew and seed tumors in vivo. Furthermore, inhibition of wnt signaling resulted in the reexpression of breast epithelial differentiation markers and repression of EMT transcription factors SLUG and TWIST. Collectively, these results provide a molecular link between self-renewal, EMT, and metastasis in basal-like breast cancers.
title: The scoring system for a comprehensive assessment of the AI-based tools in radiology
Creators: name: Arzamasov, Kirill
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: CAD
subject: Infection

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Aim of this work was to develop a scoring system for a comprehensive assessment of the AI-based tools in...
A precise method to determine the activity of a weak neutron source using a germanium detector
Creators: name: Duke, M. J. M.
name: Hallin, A. L.
name: Krauss, C. B.
name: Mekarski, P.
name: Sibley, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A standard high purity germanium (HPGe) detector was used to determine the previously unknown neutron activity of a weak americium-beryllium (AmBe) neutron source. Gamma rays were created through 27Al(n,n'), 27Al(n,gamma) and 1H(n,gamma) reactions induced by the neutrons on aluminum and acrylic disks, respectively. These gamma rays were measured using the HPGe detector. Given the unorthodox experimental arrangement, a Monte Carlo simulation was developed to model the efficiency of the detector system to determine the neutron activity from the measured gamma rays. The activity of our neutron source was determined to be 307.4 +/- 5.0 n/s and is consistent for the different neutron-induced gamma rays.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, accepted manuscript
Self-stabilization of the equilibrium state in ferroelectric thin films
Creators: name: Gaal, Peter
name: Schmidt, Daniel
name: Khosla, Mallika
name: Richter, Carsten
name: Boesecke, Peter
name: Novikov, Dmitri
name: Schmidbauer, Martin
name: Schwarzkopf, Jutta
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Electrocalorics
subject: Multiferroics
subject: Phase transitions
subject: Piezoelectrics
subject: Time-resolved XRD
subject: 670
subject: 530
subject: 660

description: (K,Na)NbO3 is a lead-free and sustainable ferroelectric material with electromechanical parameters comparable to Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) and other lead-based solid solutions. It is therefore a promising candidate for caloric cooling and energy harvesting applications. Specifically, the structural transition from the low-temperature Mc- to the high-temperature c-phase displays a rich hierarchical order of domains and superdomains, that forms at specific strain conditions. The relevant length scales are few tens of nanometers for the domain and few micrometers for the superdomain size, respectively. Phase-field calculations show that this hierarchical order adds to the total free energy of the solid. Thus, domains and their formation has a strong impact on the functional properties relevant for electrocaloric cooling or energy harvesting applications. However, monitoring the formation of domains and superdomains is difficult and requires both, high spatial and high temporal resolution of the experiment. Synchrotron-based time-resolved X-ray diffraction methods in combination with scanning imaging X-ray microscopy is applied to resolve the local dynamics of the domain morphology with sub-micrometer spatial and nanosecond temporal resolution. In this regime, the material displays a novel self-stabilization mechanism of the domain morphology, which may be a general property of first-order phase transitions.
title: On-call Simulation, a aid in preparing for the night shift?
Creators: name: Wit, Huub
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emergency
subject: Management
subject: Professional issues
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Teleradiology
subject: Safety
subject: Teleradiology
subject: Education and training
subject: Outcomes
subject: Workforce

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Assess the usefulness of simulation style training in preparing trainees for radiology night shifts by exploring two years of experience with simulated scenarios in preparing junior radiology residents for...
Pulsar Classification: Comparing Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks and Quantum Support Vector Machines
Creators: name: Slabbert, Donovan
name: Lourens, Matt
name: Petruccione, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Well-known quantum machine learning techniques, namely quantum kernel assisted support vector machines (QSVMs) and quantum convolutional neural networks (QCNNs), are applied to the binary classification of pulsars. In this comparitive study it is illustrated with simulations that both quantum methods successfully achieve effective classification of the HTRU-2 data set that connects pulsar class labels to eight separate features. QCNNs outperform the QSVMs with respect to time taken to train and predict, however, if the current NISQ era devices are considered and noise included in the comparison, then QSVMs are preferred. QSVMs also perform better overall compared to QCNNs when performance metrics are used to evaluate both methods. Classical methods are also implemented to serve as benchmark for comparison with the quantum approaches.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
Pesquisando Soluções para Desafios em MDE com Kuaba
Creators: name: Medeiros, Adriana Pereira de
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Apresentação em vídeo do artigo "Pesquisando Soluções para Desafios em MDE com Kuaba". CBSoft 2020 - MSSiS. O artigo apresenta algumas perspectivas de pesquisa de um projeto em andamento que investiga como a abordagem Kuaba para representação de design rationale pode ser utilizada no desenvolvimento de soluções para desafios técnicos em MDE.
title: Cervico-facial infections and cellulitis: A pictorial review
Creators: name: BADI, Fatima-ezzahare
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Eyes
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Abscess
subject: Infection
subject: Oedema

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review the standard imaging protocol used when cervicofacial infections are suspected. Make an educational pictorial review of the anatomy of the deep spaces of the head and neck. Illustrate the most common imaging features of cervicofacial...
Laser cooling in Yb:KY3F10: a comparison with Yb:YLF
Creators: name: Püschel, Stefan
name: Mauerhoff, Felix
name: Kränkel, Christian
name: Tanaka, Hiroki
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : Optica
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Absorption and emission cross-sections
subject: All-solid state
subject: Anti-Stokes fluorescence
subject: Cooling media
subject: Cooling performance
subject: Cryocoolers
subject: Fluorescence lifetimes
subject: Optical-
subject: Temperature dependent
subject: YLF crystals
subject: 530

description: Laser cooling by anti-Stokes fluorescence is a technology to realize all-solid-state optical cryocoolers. We grew Yb3+-doped KY3F10 (Yb:KYF) crystals as novel laser cooling media and compare their cooling performance to Yb3+-doped LiYF4 (Yb:YLF) crystals also grown in our institute. We present temperature-dependent absorption and emission cross sections as well as the fluorescence lifetime of Yb:KYF, and calculate its material figure-of-merit for laser cooling. Yb:KYF exhibits a higher figure-of-merit than Yb:YLF at temperatures below 200 K. This is because, in contrast to Yb:YLF, the excitation transition from the second-highest Stark level of the ground state is best-suited for cryogenic cooling in Yb:KYF. Thus, it has the potential to achieve unprecedentedly low temperatures below the boiling point of liquid nitrogen. In this work, we observe the first laser cooling of Yb:KYF, and obtain a background absorption coefficient of ∼10−4 cm−1, which is among the lowest ever reported for Yb3+-doped fluoride crystals. A simple model calculation predicts that our Yb:KYF and Yb:YLF crystals can potentially be cooled down to ≈100 K in a high-power cooling setup. Our Yb:KYF crystals still leave room for further improvement through the optimization of the growth process and the use of purer raw materials.
title: Mediastinal collections
Creators: name: Ratoi, Ana-Alina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mediastinum
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Contrast agent-oral
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Infection
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: reviewing the mediastinal radiological anatomy presenting different imaging techniques for assessing mediastinal pathology illustrating main radiological features of mediastinal...
Bayesian Cramér-Rao Bound Estimation with Score-Based Models
Creators: name: Crafts, Evan Scope
name: Zhang, Xianyang
name: Zhao, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Bayesian Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) provides a lower bound on the mean square error of any Bayesian estimator under mild regularity conditions. It can be used to benchmark the performance of statistical estimators, and provides a principled metric for system design and optimization. However, the Bayesian CRB depends on the underlying prior distribution, which is often unknown for many problems of interest. This work introduces a new data-driven estimator for the Bayesian CRB using score matching, i.e., a statistical estimation technique that models the gradient of a probability distribution from a given set of training data. The performance of the proposed estimator is analyzed in both the classical parametric modeling regime and the neural network modeling regime. In both settings, we develop novel non-asymptotic bounds on the score matching error and our Bayesian CRB estimator based on the results from empirical process theory, including classical bounds and recently introduced techniques for characterizing neural networks. We illustrate the performance of the proposed estimator with two application examples: a signal denoising problem and a dynamic phase offset estimation problem in communication systems.
description: Manuscript published in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory (27 pages, 3 figures)
title: Imaging of post-radiation brain lesions
Creators: name: BADI, Fatima-ezzahare
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Radiation effects
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Radiation oncology in Developing Nations

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Specify the MRI exploration protocol to search for radiation-induced brain lesions. Explain the pathophysiology of these lesions leading to a better understanding of imaging findings. Describe the imaging features of each post-radiation brain...
Characterization of a Naturally Occurring Breast Cancer Subset Enriched in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Stem Cell Characteristics
Creators: name: Nolden, Laura K.
name: Weigman, Victor
name: Wang, Nicholas J.
name: Valero, Vicente
name: Lluch, Ana
name: Fridlyand, Jane
name: Baggerly, Keith
name: Stivers, David
name: Mills, Gordon B.
name: Fan, Cheng
name: Lee, Ju Seog
name: Palazzo, Juan
name: He, Xiaping
name: Gilcrease, Michael Z.
name: Krishnamurthy, Savitri
name: Hennessy, Bryan T.
name: Stemke-Hale, Katherine
name: Gonzalez-Angulo, Ana Maria
name: Carey, Mark
name: Sahin, Aysegul
name: Liu, Wenbin
name: Gray, Joe W.
name: Hortobagyi, Gabriel N.
name: Joy, Corwin
name: Agarwal, Roshan
name: Perou, Charles M.
name: Monteagudo, Carlos
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Metaplastic breast cancers (MBC) are aggressive, chemoresistant tumors characterized by lineage plasticity. To advance understanding of their pathogenesis and relatedness to other breast cancer subtypes, 28 MBCs were compared with common breast cancers using comparative genomic hybridization, transcriptional profiling, and reverse-phase protein arrays and by sequencing for common breast cancer mutations. MBCs showed unique DNA copy number aberrations compared with common breast cancers. PIK3CA mutations were detected in 9 of 19 MBCs (47.4%) versus 80 of 232 hormone receptor–positive cancers (34.5%; P = 0.32), 17 of 75 HER-2–positive samples (22.7%; P = 0.04), 20 of 240 basal-like cancers (8.3%; P < 0.0001), and 0 of 14 claudin-low tumors (P = 0.004). Of 7 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway phosphorylation sites, 6 were more highly phosphorylated in MBCs than in other breast tumor subtypes. The majority of MBCs displayed mRNA profiles different from those of the most common, including basal-like cancers. By transcriptional profiling, MBCs and the recently identified claudin-low breast cancer subset constitute related receptor-negative subgroups characterized by low expression of GATA3-regulated genes and of genes responsible for cell-cell adhesion with enrichment for markers linked to stem cell function and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In contrast to other breast cancers, claudin-low tumors and most MBCs showed a significant similarity to a “tumorigenic” signature defined using CD44+/CD24− breast tumor–initiating stem cell–like cells. MBCs and claudin-low tumors are thus enriched in EMT and stem cell–like features, and may arise from an earlier, more chemoresistant breast epithelial precursor than basal-like or luminal cancers. PIK3CA mutations, EMT, and stem cell-like characteristics likely contribute to the poor outcomes of MBC and suggest novel therapeutic targets.
(401782) John Sims Bontein
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Validity of the local self-energy approximation: Application to coupled quantum impurities
Creators: name: Mitchell, Andrew K.
name: Bulla, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the quality of the local self-energy approximation, applied here to models of multiple quantum impurities coupled to an electronic bath. The local self-energy is obtained by solving a single-impurity Anderson model in an effective medium that is determined self-consistently, similar to the dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) for correlated lattice systems. By comparing to exact results obtained using the numerical renormalization group, we determine situations where "impurity-DMFT" is able to capture the physics of highly inhomogeneous systems, and those cases where it fails. For two magnetic impurities separated in real-space, the onset of the dilute limit is captured, but RKKY-dominated inter-impurity singlet formation cannot be described. For parallel quantum dot devices, impurity-DMFT succeeds in capturing underscreened Kondo physics by self-consistent generation of a critical pseudogapped effective medium. However, the quantum phase transition between high- and low-spin states on tuning interdot coupling cannot be described.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
DDB1-CUL4 and MLL1 Mediate Oncogene-Induced p16INK4a Activation
Creators: name: Yaxue, Zeng
name: Kotake, Yojiro
name: Xiong, Yue
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The induction of cellular senescence by oncogenic signals acts as a barrier to cellular transformation and is attained, in part, by the elevation of the p16INK4a tumor suppressor gene. p16 expression is repressed epigenetically by Polycomb, but how p16 is induced is not known. We report here that the p16 locus is H3K4-methylated in highly expressing cells. H3K4 methyltransferase MLL1 directly binds to and is required, along with its core component RbBP5, for the induction of p16 by oncogenic Ras. We further show that damaged DNA binding protein DDB1 and CUL4, which assemble distinct E3 ubiquitin ligases by recruiting various WD40 proteins, act upstream of MLL1-mediated H3K4 methylation. We showed that CUL4A directly binds to p16 and that silencing DDB1 blocks Ras-induced p16 activation. Ras expression dissociates BMI1 from the p16 locus, while both CUL4 and MLL1 bind to the p16 locus similarly in both normal and oncogenic stimulated cells. These results suggest that DDB1-CUL4 and MLL1 complexes constitute a novel pathway that mediates p16 activation during oncogenic checkpoint response and is repressed by the polycomb repression complexes during normal growth of young cells.
A bioinspired snap-through metastructure for manipulating micro-objects
Creators: name: Zhang, Xuan
name: Wang, Yue
name: Tian, Zhihao
name: Samri, Manar
name: Moh, Karsten
name: McMeeking, Robert M.
name: Hensel, René
name: Arzt, Eduard
Publisher: name: Washington, DC [u.a.] : American Association for the Advancement of Science
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Action mechanisms
subject: Bi-stable state
subject: Curved beams
subject: Mechanical
subject: Metastructures
subject: Micro technology
subject: Micro-objects
subject: Nonlinear mechanical response
subject: Snap-through
subject: Tunables
subject: 500

description: Micro-objects stick tenaciously to each other—a well-known show-stopper in microtechnology and in handling micro-objects. Inspired by the trigger plant, we explore a mechanical metastructure for overcoming adhesion involving a snap-action mechanism. We analyze the nonlinear mechanical response of curved beam architectures clamped by a tunable spring, incorporating mono- and bistable states. As a result, reversible miniaturized snap-through devices are successfully realized by micron-scale direct printing, and successful pick-and-place handling of a micro-object is demonstrated. The technique is applicable to universal scenarios, including dry and wet environment, or smooth and rough counter surfaces. With an unprecedented switching ratio (between high and low adhesion) exceeding 104, this concept proposes an efficient paradigm for handling and placing superlight objects.
Entropy and Channel Capacity under Optimum Power and Rate Adaptation over Generalized Fading Conditions
Creators: name: Sofotasios, Paschalis C.
name: Muhaidat, Sami
name: Valkama, Mikko
name: Ghogho, Mounir
name: Karagiannidis, George K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate fading characterization and channel capacity determination are of paramount importance in both conventional and emerging communication systems. The present work addresses the nonlinearity of the propagation medium and its effects on the channel capacity. Such fading conditions are first characterized using information theoretic measures, namely, Shannon entropy, cross entropy and relative entropy. The corresponding effects on the channel capacity with and without power adaptation are then analyzed. Closed-form expressions are derived and validated through comparisons with respective results from computer simulations. It is shown that the effects of fading nonlinearities are significantly larger than those of fading parameters such as the scattered-wave power ratio, and the correlation coefficient between the in-phase and quadrature components in each cluster of multipath components.
description: Latest/Priprint version
Depletion of Guanine Nucleotides Leads to the Mdm2-Dependent Proteasomal Degradation of Nucleostemin
Creators: name: Zhang, Yanping
name: Huang, Min
name: Mitchell, Beverly S.
name: Itahana, Koji
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Nucleostemin is a positive regulator of cell proliferation and is highly expressed in a variety of stem cells, tumors, and tumor cell lines. The protein shuttles between the nucleolus and the nucleus in a GTP-dependent fashion. Selective depletion of intracellular guanine nucleotides by AVN-944, an inhibitor of the de novo purine synthetic enzyme, IMP dehydrogenase, leads to the rapid disappearance of nucleostemin protein in tumor cell lines, an effect that does not occur with two other nucleolar proteins, nucleophosmin or nucleolin. Endogenous nucleostemin protein is completely stabilized by MG132, an inhibitor of the 26S proteasome, as are the levels of expressed enhanced green fluorescent protein–tagged nucleostemin, both wild-type protein and protein containing mutations at the G1 GTP binding site. Nutlin-3a, a small molecule that disrupts the binding of the E3 ubiquitin ligase, Mdm2, to p53, stabilizes nucleostemin protein in the face of guanine nucleotide depletion, as does siRNA-mediated knockdown of Mdm2 expression and over-expression of a dominant-negative form of Mdm2. Neither Doxorubicin nor Actinomycin D, which cause the release of nucleostemin from the nucleolus, results in nucleostemin degradation. We conclude that nucleostemin is a target for Mdm2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation when not bound to GTP. Because this effect does not occur with other chemotherapeutic agents, the induction of nucleostemin protein degradation in tumor cells by IMP dehydrogenase inhibition or by other small molecules that disrupt GTP binding may offer a new approach to the treatment of certain neoplastic diseases.
(401777) William Anderson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Doxorubicin and Paclitaxel-Loaded Lipid-Based Nanoparticles Overcome Multidrug Resistance by Inhibiting P-Glycoprotein and Depleting ATP
Creators: name: Mattingly, Cynthia A.
name: Cho, Moo J.
name: Adams, Val R.
name: Mumper, Russell J.
name: Tseng, Michael T.
name: Liu, Yang
name: Dong, Xiaowei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: To test the ability of nanoparticle (NP) formulations to overcome P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR), several different doxorubicin (Dox) and paclitaxel (PX)-loaded solid lipid NPs were prepared. Dox NPs showed 6-8-fold lower IC50 values in Pgp overexpressing human cancer cells than those of free Dox. The IC50 value of PX NPs was over 9-fold lower than that of Taxol® in P-gp-overexpressing cells. A series of in-vitro cell assays were used including quantitative studies on uptake and efflux, inhibition of calcein acetoxymethylester (Calcein AM) efflux, alteration of ATP levels, membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis and cytotoxicity. Enhanced uptake and prolonged retention of Dox were observed with NP-based formulations in P-gp-overexpressing cells. Calcein AM and ATP assays confirmed that blank NPs inhibited P-gp and transiently depleted ATP. Intravenous injection of pegylated PX BTM NPs showed marked anticancer efficacy in nude mice bearing resistant NCI/ADR-RES tumors versus all control groups. NPs may be used to both target drug and biological mechanisms to overcome MDR via P-gp inhibition and ATP depletion.
title: Contribution Of Thoracic CT scan In The Diagnosis Of Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Creators: name: BADI, Fatima-ezzahare
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Mediastinum
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Cavitation
subject: Infection
subject: Parasites

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Learn the pathophysiology of pulmonary aspergillosis that explains clinical signs and radiological patterns. Review the radiological findings in Chest CT-scan with different forms of pulmonary aspergillosis. List the differential diagnosis that has...
(401778) William Neish
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A nonminimally coupled Einstein-Maxwell model in a non-Riemann space-time with torsion
Creators: name: Baykal, Ahmet
name: Dereli, Tekin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A system of field equations for an Einstein-Maxwell model with $RF^2$-type nonminimal coupling in a non-Riemannian space-time with a non-vanishing torsion is derived and the resulting field equations are expressed in terms of the Riemannian quantities based on a metric with a Lorentzian signature. The torsion is generated by the gradients of the electromagnetic field invariants. An electromagnetic constitutive tensor is introduced in the formulation of the field equations.
description: 1+10 pages, minor corrections to the text, published version
Unveiling the Unborn: Advancing Fetal Health Classification through Machine Learning
Creators: name: Mandala, Sujith K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fetal health classification is a critical task in obstetrics, enabling early identification and management of potential health problems. However, it remains challenging due to data complexity and limited labeled samples. This research paper presents a novel machine-learning approach for fetal health classification, leveraging a LightGBM classifier trained on a comprehensive dataset. The proposed model achieves an impressive accuracy of 98.31% on a test set. Our findings demonstrate the potential of machine learning in enhancing fetal health classification, offering a more objective and accurate assessment. Notably, our approach combines various features, such as fetal heart rate, uterine contractions, and maternal blood pressure, to provide a comprehensive evaluation. This methodology holds promise for improving early detection and treatment of fetal health issues, ensuring better outcomes for both mothers and babies. Beyond the high accuracy achieved, the novelty of our approach lies in its comprehensive feature selection and assessment methodology. By incorporating multiple data points, our model offers a more holistic and reliable evaluation compared to traditional methods. This research has significant implications in the field of obstetrics, paving the way for advancements in early detection and intervention of fetal health concerns. Future work involves validating the model on a larger dataset and developing a clinical application. Ultimately, we anticipate that our research will revolutionize the assessment and management of fetal health, contributing to improved healthcare outcomes for expectant mothers and their babies.
แนวทางการบริหารงานวิชาการตามหลักฆราวาสธรรม 4 ของผู้บริหารโรงเรียนประถมศึกษา อำเภอชุมตาบง จังหวัดนครสวรรค์
Creators: name: ศิรัญญา แตงน้อย
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย วิทยาเขตนครสวรรค์
Year: 2022
Subjects: การบริหารวิชาการ
โรงเรียนประถมศึกษา
ฆราวาสธรรม 4

description: The Journal of Research and Academics, 5, 5, 251-264
Nanotube spin defects for omnidirectional magnetic field sensing
Creators: name: Gao, Xingyu
name: Vaidya, Sumukh
name: Dikshit, Saakshi
name: Ju, Peng
name: Shen, Kunhong
name: Jin, Yuanbin
name: Zhang, Shixiong
name: Li, Tongcang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optically addressable spin defects in three-dimensional (3D) crystals and two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials are revolutionizing nanoscale quantum sensing. Spin defects in one-dimensional (1D) vdW nanotubes will provide unique opportunities due to their small sizes in two dimensions and absence of dangling bonds on side walls. However, optically detected magnetic resonance of localized spin defects in a nanotube has not been observed. Here, we report the observation of single spin color centers in boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) at room temperature. Our findings suggest that these BNNT spin defects possess a spin $S=1/2$ ground state without an intrinsic quantization axis, leading to orientation-independent magnetic field sensing. We harness this unique feature to observe anisotropic magnetization of a 2D magnet in magnetic fields along orthogonal directions, a challenge for conventional spin $S=1$ defects such as diamond nitrogen-vacancy centers. Additionally, we develop a method to deterministically transfer a BNNT onto a cantilever and use it to demonstrate scanning probe magnetometry. Further refinement of our approach will enable atomic scale quantum sensing of magnetic fields in any direction.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and PTEN Modulate Tissue Factor Expression in Glioblastoma through JunD/Activator Protein-1 Transcriptional Activity
Creators: name: Belozerov, Vladimir E.
name: Tucker-Burden, Carol
name: Durden, Donald L.
name: Olson, Jeffrey J.
name: Van Meir, Erwin G.
name: Brat, Daniel J.
name: Rong, Yuan
name: Chen, Gang
name: Mackinan, Nigel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Hypoxia and necrosis are fundamental features of glioblastoma (GBM) and their emergence is critical for the rapid biological progression of this fatal tumor; yet, underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We have suggested that vaso-occlusion following intravascular thrombosis could initiate or propagate hypoxia and necrosis in GBM. Tissue factor (TF), the main cellular initiator of coagulation, is overexpressed in GBMs and likely favors a thrombotic microenvironment. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification and PTEN loss are two common genetic alterations seen in GBM but not in lower-grade astrocytomas that could be responsible for TF up-regulation. The most frequent EGFR mutation in GBM involves deletion of exons 2 to 7, resulting in the expression of a constitutively active receptor, EGFRvIII. Here, we show that overexpression of EGFR or EGFRvIII in human glioma cells causes increased basal TF expression and that stimulation of EGFR by its ligand, EGF, leads to a marked dose-dependent up-regulation of TF. In all cases, increased TF expression led to accelerated plasma coagulation in vitro. EGFR-mediated TF expression depended most strongly on activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcriptional activity and was associated with c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and JunD activation. Restoration of PTEN expression in PTEN-deficient GBM cells diminished EGFR-induced TF expression by inhibiting JunD/AP-1 transcriptional activity. PTEN mediated this effect by antagonizing phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity, which in turn attenuated both Akt and JNK activities. These mechanisms are likely at work in vivo, as EGFR expression was highly correlated with TF expression in human high-grade astrocytoma specimens.