cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Slippery Polymer Monoliths: Surface Functionalization with Ordered MoS2 Microparticle Arrays
Creators: name: Han, Weijia
name: Luo, Siwei
name: Bröker, Dirk
name: Vennemann, Norbert
name: Haase, Markus
name: Duesberg, Georg S.
name: Steinhart, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Components of technical systems and devices often require self-lubricating properties, which are implemented by means of dry lubricants. However, continuous lubricant coatings on the components' surfaces often suffer from poor adhesion, delamination and crack propagation. The replacement of continuous coatings with dense ordered arrays of microparticles consisting of dry lubricants may overcome these drawbacks. Using the well-established solid lubricant MoS2 as model system, we demonstrate that the sliding capability of polymeric monoliths can be significantly enhanced by integration of arrays of micron-sized dry lubricant microparticles into their contact surfaces. To synthesize the MoS2 microparticle arrays, we first prepared ordered hexagonal arrays of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (ATM) microparticles on Si wafers by molding against poly(dimethylsiloxane) templates followed by high-temperature conversion of the ATM microparticles into MoS2 microparticles under Ar/H2 atmosphere in the presence of elemental sulfur. Finally, the obtained large-scale hexagonal MoS2 microparticle arrays were transferred to the surfaces of polymer monoliths under conservation of the array ordering. Self-lubrication of components of technical systems by incorporation of dry lubricant microparticle arrays into their contact surfaces is an example for overcoming the drawbacks of continuous functional coatings by replacing them with microparticle arrays.
description: In press
Construction of genuinely multipartite entangled subspaces and the associated bounds on entanglement measures for mixed states
Creators: name: Antipin, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Genuine entanglement is the strongest form of multipartite entanglement. Genuinely entangled pure states contain entanglement in every bipartition and as such can be regarded as a valuable resource in the protocols of quantum information processing. A recent direction of research is the construction of genuinely entangled subspaces -- the class of subspaces consisting entirely of genuinely multipartite entangled pure states. In this paper we present several methods of construction of such subspaces including those of maximal possible dimension. The approach is based on the correspondence between bipartite entangled subspaces and quantum channels of a certain type. The examples include maximal subspaces for systems of three qubits, four qubits, three qutrits. We also provide lower bounds on two entanglement measures for mixed states, the concurrence and the convex-roof extended negativity, which are directly connected with the projection on genuinely entangled subspaces.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures. REVTEX
Sand Creep Motion in Slow Spin-up Experiment: An Analogue of Regolith Migration on Asteroids
Creators: name: Huang, Chenyang
name: Yu, Yang
name: Cheng, Bin
name: Zhang, Kaiming
name: Qiao, Dong
name: Baoyin, Hexi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the creep motion of granular materials in a gradient potential field that is created using a slow spin-up experiment device. Natural sand confined in the acrylic box is spun up by a controlled turntable and the surface flows are captured using video-based measurements. Various spin-up accelerations were considered to understand the responses of creep motion on different accelerating paths. Convergent behaviors in the morphological change of sand surface were observed in the final steady state. To quantify the quasi-static spin-up process, we examined the net flux and the surface slope as a function of the spin rate and offset from the rotation axis. Evolution of sand creep motion demonstrated behaviors similar to regolith migration in numeric simulations, showing intermittency like general sheared granular systems. We noticed the sand surface approaches criticality as the spin-up proceeding, consistent with the observation that top-shaped asteroids near limiting spin rate take on critical shape. Comparisons to large-scale numeric simulations and analytical solutions reveal underlying similarities between our experiments and the million-year evolution of asteroid regolith under YORP acceleration, which raises the possibility of studying asteroid surface processes in laboratory analogue experiments.
Supplementary document for Fiber-integrated catenary ring-array metasurfaces for beam shaping - 6068359.pdf
Creators: name: Luo, Zhongyue
name: Zhang, Wentao
name: Song, Niannian
name: Chen, Dawei
name: Deng, Shijie
name: Deng, Hongchang
name: Chen, Ming
name: Yuan, Libo
name: Liu, Houquan
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement of Fiber-integrated catenary ring-array metasurfaces for beam shaping
R Coronae Borealis Star Evolution: Simulating 3D Merger Events to 1D Stellar Evolution Including Large Scale Nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Munson, Bradley
name: Chatzopoulos, Emmanouil
name: Frank, Juhan
name: Clayton, Geoffrey C.
name: Crawford, Courtney L.
name: Denissenkov, Pavel A.
name: Herwig, Falk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: R Coronae Borealis (RCB) stars are rare hydrogen-deficient carbon-rich variable supergiants thought to be the result of dynamically unstable white dwarf mergers. We attempt to model RCBs through all the relevant timescales by simulating a merger event in Octo-tiger, a 3D adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) hydrodynamics code and mapping the post-merger object into MESA, a 1D stellar evolution code. We then post-process the nucleosynthesis on a much larger nuclear reaction network to study the enhancement of s-process elements. We present models that match observations or previous studies in most surface abundances, isotopic ratios, early evolution and lifetimes. We also observe similar mixing behavior as previous modeling attempts which result in the partial He-burning products visible on the surface in observations. However, we do note that our sub-solar models lack any enhancement in s-process elements, which we attribute to a lack of hydrogen in the envelope. We also find that the Oxygen-16/Oxygen-18 isotopic ratio is very sensitive to initial hydrogen abundance and increases outside of the acceptable range with a hydrogen mass fraction greater than $10^{-4}$.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures, 1 table. To be published in The Astrophysical Journal
Unstable modes of hypermassive compact stars driven by viscosity and gravitational radiation
Creators: name: Rau, Peter B.
name: Sedrakian, Armen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the oscillations modes of differential rotating remnants of binary neutron star inspirals by modeling them as incompressible Riemann ellipsoids parametrized by the ratio $f$ of their internal circulation to the rotation frequency. The effects of viscosity and gravitational wave radiation on the modes are studied and it is shown that these bodies exhibit generic instabilities towards gravitational wave radiation akin to the Chandrasekhar--Friedman--Schutz instabilities for uniformly rotating stars. The odd-parity modes are unstable for all values of $f$ (except for the spherical model) and deformations, whereas the even parity unstable modes appear only in highly eccentric ellipsoids. We quantify the modification of the modes with varying mass of the model and the magnitude of the viscosity. The modes are weakly dependent on the range of the masses relevant to the binary neutron star mergers. Large turbulent viscosity can lead to a suppression of the gravitational wave instabilities, whereas kinematical viscosity has a negligible influence on the modes and their damping timescales.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Electrodynamics of Josephson vortex lattice in high-temperature superconductors
Creators: name: Koshelev, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied response of the Josephson vortex lattice in layered superconductors to the high-frequency c-axis electric field. We found a simple relation connecting the dynamic dielectric constant with the perturbation of the superconducting phase, induced by oscillating electric field. Numerically solving equations for the oscillating phases, we computed the frequency dependences of the loss function at different magnetic fields, including regions of both dilute and dense Josephson vortex lattices. The overall behavior is mainly determined by the c-axis and in-plane dissipation parameters, which is inversely proportional to the anisotropy. The cases of weak and strong dissipation are realized in $\mathrm{Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{x}}$ and underdoped $\mathrm{YBa_{2}Cu_{3} O_{x}}$ correspondingly. The main feature of the response is the Josephson-plasma-resonance peak. In the weak-dissipation case additional satellites appear in the dilute regime mostly in the higher-frequency region due to excitation of the plasma modes with the wave vectors set by the lattice structure. In the dense-lattice limit the plasma peak moves to higher frequency and its intensity rapidly decreases, in agreement with experiment and analytical theory. Behavior of the loss function at low frequencies is well described by the phenomenological theory of vortex oscillations. In the case of very strong in-plane dissipation an additional peak in the loss function appears below the plasma frequency. Such peak has been observed experimentally in underdoped $\mathrm{YBa_{2}Cu_{3} O_{x}}$. It is caused by frequency dependence of in-plane contribution to losses rather then a definite mode of phase oscillations.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Phys.Rev.B, supplementary animations of oscillating local electric field can be found at http://mti.msd.anl.gov/homepages/koshelev/projects/JPRinJVL/Nz2vc0_32vab6_0Anim.htm
Human error in motorcycle crashes: a methodology based on in-depth data to identify the skills needed and support training interventions for safe riding
Creators: name: Huertas-Leyva, Pedro
name: Baldanzini, Niccolò
name: Savino, Giovanni
name: Pierini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper defines a methodology with in-depth data to identify the skills needed by riders in the highest risk crash configurations to reduce casualty rates. We present a case study using in-depth data of 803 powered-two-wheeler crashes. Seven high-risk crash configuration based on the pre-crash trajectories of the road-users involved were considered to investigate the human errors as crash contributors. Primary crash contributing factor, evasive manoeuvres performed, horizontal roadway alignment and speed-related factors were identified, along with the most frequent configurations and those with the greatest risk of severe injury. Straight Crossing Path/Lateral Direction was the most frequent crash configuration and Turn Across Path/ Opposing Direction that with the greatest risk of serious injury were identified. Multi-vehicle crashes cannot be considered as a homogenous category of crashes to which the same human failure is attributed, as different interactions between motorcyclists and other road users are associated with both different types of human error and different rider reactions. Human error in multiple-vehicle crashes related to crossing paths configurations were different from errors related to rear-end or head-on crashes. Multi-vehicle head-on crashes and single-vehicle collisions frequently occur along curves. The involved collision avoidance manoeuvres of the riders differed significantly among the highest risk crash configurations. The most relevant lack of skills are identified and linked to their most representative context. In most cases a combination of different skills was required simultaneously to avoid the crash. The findings underline the need to group accident cases, beyond the usual single-vehicle versus multi-vehicle collision approach. Our methodology can also be applied to support preventive actions based on riders training and eventually ADAS design.
description: Preprint submitted for publication in Taylor & Francis
Supplementary document for Design of an achromatic zoom metalens doublet in the visible - 6157170.pdf
Creators: name: Hu, Tie
name: xing, feng
name: Wei, Yunxuan
name: Wang, Shengqi
name: Wei, Yuhong
name: Yang, Zhen Yu
name: Zhao, Ming
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: 1 supplentary material
Optical design for laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy setups for increased sensitivity and flexible spatial detection
Creators: name: Dahlberg, Tobias
name: Andersson, Magnus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a method to double the collection efficiency in Laser Tweezers Raman Spectroscopy (LTRS) by collecting both the forward and back-scattered light in a single-shot multitrack measurement. Our method can collect signals at different sample volumes, granting both the pinpoint spatial selectivity of confocal Raman and the bulk sensitivity of non-confocal Raman simultaneously. Further, we display that our approach allows for reduced detector integration time and laser power. Thus, our method will enable the monitoring of biological samples sensitive to high intensities for longer times. Additionally, we demonstrate that by a simple modification, we can add polarization sensitivity and retrieve extra biochemical information.
description: 3 figures
Controlled exchange interaction between pairs of neutral atoms in an optical lattice
Creators: name: Anderlini, M.
name: Lee, P. J.
name: Brown, B. L.
name: Sebby-Strabley, J.
name: Phillips, W. D.
name: Porto, J. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-cold atoms trapped by light, with their robust quantum coherence and controllability, provide an attractive system for quantum information processing and for simulation of complex problems in condensed matter physics. Many quantum information processing schemes require that individual qubits be manipulated and deterministically entangled with one another, a process that would typically be accomplished by controlled, state-dependent, coherent interactions among qubits. Recent experiments have made progress toward this goal by demonstrating entanglement among an ensemble of atoms confined in an optical lattice. Until now, however, there has been no demonstration of a key operation: controlled entanglement between atoms in isolated pairs. We have used an optical lattice of double-well potentials to isolate and manipulate arrays of paired atoms, inducing controlled entangling interactions within each pair. Our experiment is the first realization of proposals to use controlled exchange coupling in a system of neutral atoms. Although 87Rb atoms have nearly state-independent interactions, when we force two atoms into the same physical location, the wavefunction exchange symmetry of these identical bosons leads to state-dependent dynamics. We observe repeated interchange of spin between atoms occupying different vibrational levels, with a coherence time of more than ten milliseconds. This observation represents the first demonstration of the essential component of a quantum SWAP gate in neutral atoms. The "half implementation" of SWAP, the sqrt(SWAP) gate, is entangling, and together with single qubit rotations form a set of universal gates for quantum computation.
SmartScan: An approach to detect Denial of Service Vulnerability in Ethereum Smart Contracts
Creators: name: Samreen, Noama Fatima
name: Alalfi, Manar H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blockchain technology (BT) Ethereum Smart Contracts allows programmable transactions that involve the transfer of monetary assets among peers on a BT network independent of a central authorizing agency. Ethereum Smart Contracts are programs that are deployed as decentralized applications, having the building blocks of the blockchain consensus protocol. This technology enables consumers to make agreements in a transparent and conflict-free environment. However, the security vulnerabilities within these smart contracts are a potential threat to the applications and their consumers and have shown in the past to cause huge financial losses. In this paper, we propose a framework that combines static and dynamic analysis to detect Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerability due to an unexpected revert in Ethereum Smart Contracts. Our framework, SmartScan, statically scans smart contracts under test (SCUTs) to identify patterns that are potentially vulnerable in these SCUTs and then uses dynamic analysis to precisely confirm their exploitability of the DoS-Unexpected Revert vulnerability, thus achieving increased performance and more precise results. We evaluated SmartScan on a set of 500 smart contracts collected from the Etherscan. Our approach shows an improvement in precision and recall when compared to available state-of-the-art techniques.
Finite-size scaling around the critical point in the heavy quark region of QCD
Creators: name: Kiyohara, Atsushi
name: Kitazawa, Masakiyo
name: Ejiri, Shinji
name: Kanaya, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finite-size scaling is investigated in detail around the critical point in the heavy-quark region of nonzero temperature QCD. Numerical simulations are performed with large spatial volumes up to the aspect ratio $N_s/N_t=12$ at a fixed lattice spacing with $N_t=4$. We show that the Binder cumulant and the distribution function of the Polyakov loop follow the finite-size scaling in the $Z(2)$ universality class for large spatial volumes with $N_s/N_t \ge 9$, while, for $N_s/N_t \le 8$, the Binder cumulant becomes inconsistent with the $Z(2)$ scaling. To realize the large-volume simulations in the heavy-quark region, we adopt the hopping parameter expansion for the quark determinant: We generate gauge configurations using the leading order action including the Polyakov loop term for $N_t=4$, and incorporate the next-to-leading order effects in the measurements by the multipoint reweighting method. We find that the use of the leading-order configurations is crucially effective in suppressing the overlapping problem in the reweighting and thus reducing the statistical errors.
description: 17 pages, 28 figures, version to appear in Physical Review D
การพัฒนารูปแบบความสัมพันธ์โครงสร้างเชิงเส้นของสมรรถนะผู้บริหารสถานศึกษาที่ส่งผลต่อประสิทธิผลของโรงเรียน
Creators: name: อนุสิทธิ์ นามโยธา
name: วาโร เพ็งสวัสดิ์
name: ศักดิ์ไทย สุรกิจบวร
name: วัลนิกา ฉลากบาง
Publisher: name: สมาคมนักวิจัย
Year: 2556
Subjects: รูปแบบความสัมพันธ์เชิงโครงสร้าง,สมรรถนะผู้บริหารสถานศึกษา,ประสิทธิผลของโรงเรียน

description: 3, 18, วารสารสมาคมนักวิจัย สาขามนุษยศาสตร์และสัมคมศาสตร์
A quantum decay model with exact explicit analytical solution
Creators: name: Marchewka, Avi
name: Granot, Er'el
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple decay model is introduced. The model comprises of a point potential well, which experiences an abrupt change. Due to the temporal variation the initial quantum state can either escape from the well or stay localized as a new bound state. The model allows for an exact analytical solution while having the necessary features of a decay process. The results show that the decay is never exponential, as classical dynamics predicts. Moreover, at short times the decay has a \textit{fractional} power law, which differs from perturbation quantum methods predictions.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Dynamic transformation between a skyrmion string and a bimeron string in a layered frustrated system
Creators: name: Zhang, Xichao
name: Xia, Jing
name: Tretiakov, Oleg A.
name: Diep, Hung T.
name: Zhao, Guoping
name: Yang, Jinbo
name: Zhou, Yan
name: Ezawa, Motohiko
name: Liu, Xiaoxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frustrated topological spin textures have unique properties that may enable novel spintronic applications, such as helicity-based information storage and computing. Here, we report the statics and current-induced dynamics of two-dimensional (2D) pancake skyrmions in a stack of weakly coupled frustrated magnetic monolayers, which form a three-dimensional (3D) skyrmion string. The Bloch-type skyrmion string is energetically more stable than its Néel-type counterpart. It can be driven into translational motion by the dampinglike spin-orbit torque and shows the damping-dependent skyrmion Hall effect. Most notably, the skyrmion string can be transformed to a dynamically stable bimeron string by the dampinglike spin-orbit torque. The current-induced bimeron string rotates stably with respect to its center, which can spontaneously transform back to a skyrmion string when the current is switched off. Our results reveal unusual physical properties of 3D frustrated spin textures, and may open up different possibilities for spintronic applications based on skyrmion and bimeron strings.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Spitzer observations of a 24 micron shadow: Bok Globule CB190
Creators: name: Stutz, Amelia M.
name: Bieging, John H.
name: Rieke, George H.
name: Shirley, Yancy L.
name: Balog, Zoltan
name: Gordon, Karl D.
name: Green, Elizabeth M.
name: Keene, Jocelyn
name: Kelly, Brandon C.
name: Rubin, Mark
name: Werner, Michael W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Spitzer observations of the dark globule CB190 (L771). We observe a roughly circular 24 micron shadow with a 70 arcsec radius. The extinction profile of this shadow matches the profile derived from 2MASS photometry at the outer edges of the globule and reaches a maximum of ~32 visual magnitudes at the center. The corresponding mass of CB190 is ~10 Msun. Our 12CO and 13CO J = 2-1 data over a 10 arcmin X 10 arcmin region centered on the shadow show a temperature ~10 K. The thermal continuum indicates a similar temperature for the dust. The molecular data also show evidence of freezeout onto dust grains. We estimate a distance to CB190 of 400 pc using the spectroscopic parallax of a star associated with the globule. Bonnor-Ebert fits to the density profile, in conjunction with this distance, yield xi_max = 7.2, indicating that CB190 may be unstable. The high temperature (56 K) of the best fit Bonnor-Ebert model is in contradiction with the CO and thermal continuum data, leading to the conclusion that the thermal pressure is not enough to prevent free-fall collapse. We also find that the turbulence in the cloud is inadequate to support it. However, the cloud may be supported by the magnetic field, if this field is at the average level for dark globules. Since the magnetic field will eventually leak out through ambipolar diffusion, it is likely that CB190 is collapsing or in a late pre-collapse stage.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
MagneticTB: A package for tight-binding model of magnetic and non-magnetic materials
Creators: name: Zhang, Zeying
name: Yu, Zhi-Ming
name: Liu, Gui-Bin
name: Yao, Yugui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Mathematica program package MagneticTB, which can generate the tight-binding model for arbitrary magnetic space group. The only input parameters in MagneticTB are the (magnetic) space group number and the orbital information in each Wyckoff positions. Some useful functions including getting the matrix expression for symmetry operators, manipulating the energy band structure by parameters and interfacing with other software are also developed. MagneticTB can help to investigate the physical properties in both magnetic and non-magnetic system, especially for topological properties.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
A Spectroscopic and Photometric Study of the Metal-Poor, Pulsating, Post-AGB Binary HD 46703
Creators: name: Hrivnak, Bruce J.
name: Van Winckel, Hans
name: Reyniers, Maarten
name: Bohlender, David
name: Waelkens, Christoffel
name: Lu, Wenxian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The metal-poor post-AGB star HD 46703 is shown to be a single-line spectroscopic binary with a period of 600 days, a high velocity of -94 km/s, and an orbital eccentricity of 0.3. Light curve studies show that it also pulsates with a period of 29 days. High-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra were used for a new abundance study. The atmospheric model determined is T(eff) = 6250 K, log(g) = 1.0, V(t) = 3.0 km/s, and a metal abundance of [M/H] = -1.5. A low carbon abundance and lack of s-process element enhancement indicate that the star has not experienced third dredge-up on the AGB. The sulfur and zinc abundances are high compared with iron, and the chemical abundances show a clear anti-correlation with condensation temperature. The abundance depletion pattern is similar to that seen in other post-AGB binaries, and, like them, is attributed to the chemical fractionation of refractory elements onto dust stored in a circumbinary disk and the re-accretion of volatiles in the stellar atmosphere. The infrared excess is small but the excess energy distribution is very similar to what can expected from a disk. HD 46703 joins the growing list of depleted, post-AGB stars which are likely surrounded by a dusty and stable circumbinary disk.
description: Machine readable files not included
Multidimensional ultrametric pseudodifferential equations
Creators: name: Albeverio, S.
name: Kozyrev, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 26E30, 26A33, 45N05, 45E99, 42C40, 46F12

description: We develop an analysis of wavelets and pseudodifferential operators on multidimensional ultrametric spaces which are defined as products of locally compact ultrametric spaces. We introduce bases of wavelets, spaces of generalized functions and Lizorkin generalized functions on multidimensional ultrametric spaces. We also consider some family of pseudodifferential operators on multidimensional ultrametric spaces. The notions of Cauchy problem for ultrametric pseudodifferential equations and of ultrametric characteristics are introduced. A theorem about existence and uniqueness of the solution for the Cauchy problem (the analogue of the Kovalevskaya theorem) is proven.
description: 20 pages
Il dramma liturgico dello 'Sponsus': una pedagogia musicale medievale
Creators: name: Ruini, Cesarino
Publisher: name: Dipartimento delle Arti - Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: dramma liturgico; canto gregoriano; medio evo; saggezza; follia

description: Lo Sponsus è un’azione drammatica cantata, nella quale viene messo in scena la parabola evangelica delle vergini sagge e delle vergini stolte (Matteo 25, 1-13). Concepito sul modello dei drammi liturgici, con i quali nel Medio Evo venivano rappresentati in forma drammatica i principali episodi della vita di Cristo, esso vide la luce nel secolo XI nei monasteri della Francia meridionale.

Le intonazioni musicali affidate ai diversi personaggi, oltre a identificarne i ruoli, consentono di individuare, attraverso la comparazione con le melodie liturgiche che esse riprendono fedelmente oppure deturpano, l’intento pedagogico sotteso al dramma. In esso viene esemplificato e stigmatizzato il vizio dell’acedia – la malinconia – che il monaco deve rifuggire come un peccato perché lo porta a dissociarsi dalla comunità. La trasgressione delle leggi del canto sacro prefigura la trasgressione di quelle norme che legano l’individuo a Dio, al proprio credo e al proprio gruppo sociale e aprono la strada a disturbi comportamentali fonti di disagio psicologico.
description: Musica Docta, Vol 4 (2014)
Old experiments in new light: Young's double-slit and Stern-Gerlach experiments in liquid crystal microcavities
Creators: name: Król, Mateusz
name: Rechcińska, Katarzyna
name: Sigurdsson, Helgi
name: Oliwa, Przemysław
name: Mazur, Rafał
name: Morawiak, Przemysław
name: Piecek, Wiktor
name: Kula, Przemysław
name: Lagoudakis, Pavlos
name: Matuszewski, Michał
name: Bardyszewski, Witold
name: Piętka, Barbara
name: Szczytko, Jacek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-orbit interactions which couple spin of a particle with its momentum degrees of freedom lie at the center of spintronic applications. Of special interest in semiconductor physics are Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling (SOC). When equal in strength, the Rashba and Dresselhaus fields result in SU(2) spin rotation symmetry and emergence of the persistent spin helix (PSH) only investigated for charge carriers in semiconductor quantum wells. Recently, a synthetic Rashba-Dresselhaus Hamiltonian was shown to describe cavity photons confined in a microcavity filled with optically anisotropic liquid crystal. In this work, we present a purely optical realisation of two types of spin patterns corresponding to PSH and the Stern-Gerlach experiment in such a cavity. We show how the symmetry of the Hamiltonian results in spatial oscillations of the spin orientation of photons travelling in the plane of the cavity.
The White Dwarfs of the Old, Solar Metallicity Open Star Cluster Messier 67: Properties and Progenitors
Creators: name: Canton, Paul A.
name: Williams, Kurtis A.
name: Kilic, Mukremin
name: Bolte, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The old, solar metallicity open cluster Messier 67 has long been considered a lynchpin in the study and understanding of the structure and evolution of solar-type stars. The same is arguably true for stellar remnants - the white dwarf population of M67 provides crucial observational data for understanding and interpreting white dwarf populations and evolution. In this work, we determine the white dwarf masses and derive their progenitor star masses using high signal-to-noise spectroscopy of warm ($\gtrsim10,000$ K) DA white dwarfs in the cluster. From this we are able to derive each white dwarf's position on the initial-final mass relation, with an average $M_{\mathrm WD} = 0.60\pm 0.01 M_{\odot}$ and progenitor mass $M_i = 1.52\pm 0.04 M_{\odot}$. These values are fully consistent with recently published linear and piecewise linear fits to the semi-empirical initial-final mass relation and provide a crucial, precise anchor point for the initial-final mass relation for solar-metallicity, low-mass stars. The mean mass of M67 white dwarfs is also consistent with the sharp narrow peak in the local field white dwarf mass distribution, indicating that a majority of recently-formed field white dwarfs come from stars with progenitor masses of $\approx 1.5 M_{\odot}$. Our results enable more precise modeling of the Galactic star formation rate encoded in the field WD mass distribution.
description: 12 pages with 3 Portable Document Format figures, Accepted for Publication in the Astronomical Journal
Teacher education physical education: In search of a hybrid space
Creators: name: Lynch, Timothy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: It is argued that a learning environment underpinned by a strengths-based collaborative approach between universities and schools offers extended pre-service teacher learning opportunities and subsequently enhanced preparation. The term “hybrid space” describes the ideal environment of shared partnership where knowledge is jointly created, and consequently, as too is collaborative egalitarianism between stakeholders. This study investigates a possible “hybrid space” course within Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) in the UK. While much literature discusses the advantages of the “hybrid space” ideal across education disciplines, high-quality research into PETE hybrid spaces is limited, if not non-existent. Hence, the particular course was chosen for data collection as it advocates intricate connections with schools in the local community. Furthermore, the course was awarded “Outstanding” by the national regulatory authority, England and Wales Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted), one of the major reasons explicitly stated was for its community connections. A qualitative, interpretive study using a case study methodology was adopted to examine the successful primary PETE course. The findings offer insights into the ideal of hybrid spaces in PETE, which appear to benefit various stakeholders within communities. The study is significant as it assists teacher educators from around the world, challenged to rethink their connections between university courses and school field experiences through illustrating a highly successful example.
The PRad Windowless Gas Flow Target
Creators: name: Pierce, J.
name: Brock, J.
name: Carlin, C.
name: Keith, C.
name: Maxwell, J.
name: Meekins, D.
name: Bai, X.
name: Deur, A.
name: Dutta, D.
name: Gao, H.
name: Gasparian, A.
name: Gnanvo, K.
name: Gu, C.
name: Higinbotham, D.
name: Khandaker, M.
name: Liyanage, N.
name: Meziane, M.
name: Pasyuk, E.
name: Peng, C.
name: Punjabi, V.
name: Xiong, W.
name: Yan, X.
name: Ye, L.
name: Zhang, Y
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a windowless, high-density, gas flow target at Jefferson Lab that was used to measure $r_p$, the root-mean-square charge radius of the proton. To our knowledge, this is the first such system used in a fixed-target experiment at a (non-storage ring) electron accelerator. The target achieved its design goal of an areal density of 2$\times$10$^{18}$ atoms/cm$^2$, with the gas uniformly distributed over the 4 cm length of the cell and less than 1% residual gas outside the cell. This design eliminated scattering from the end caps of the target cell, a problem endemic to previous measurements of the proton charge radius in electron scattering experiments, and permitted a precise, model-independent extraction of $r_p$ by reaching unprecedentedly low values of $Q^2$, the square of the electron's transfer of four-momentum to the proton.
An analytic model of rotationally inelastic collisions of polar molecules in electric fields
Creators: name: Lemeshko, Mikhail
name: Friedrich, Bretislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytic model of thermal state-to-state rotationally inelastic collisions of polar molecules in electric fields. The model is based on the Fraunhofer scattering of matter waves and requires Legendre moments characterizing the "shape" of the target in the body-fixed frame as its input. The electric field orients the target in the space-fixed frame and thereby effects a striking alteration of the dynamical observables: both the phase and amplitude of the oscillations in the partial differential cross sections undergo characteristic field-dependent changes that transgress into the partial integral cross sections. As the cross sections can be evaluated for a field applied parallel or perpendicular to the relative velocity, the model also offers predictions about steric asymmetry. We exemplify the field-dependent quantum collision dynamics with the behavior of the Ne-OCS($^{1}Σ$) and Ar-NO($^2Π$) systems. A comparison with the close-coupling calculations available for the latter system [Chem. Phys. Lett. \textbf{313}, 491 (1999)] demonstrates the model's ability to qualitatively explain the field dependence of all the scattering features observed.
“We don’t know enough”: Environmental education and pro-environmental behaviour perceptions
Creators: name: Ajaps, Sandra
name: McLellan, Ros
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study sought to understand environmental knowledge and attitudes among young people to explain the relationship between environmental education (EE) and reported pro-environmental behaviours (PEB). A mixed-methods design was employed: 88 university students in the UK and Nigeria were surveyed and 6 were subsequently interviewed. The findings indicate that the participants believe humans are abusing the earth and are very concerned about the consequences but do not know enough about environmental problems, especially global warming. Also, those who had more environmental knowledge reported more PEB. Generally, participants want more EE content to be taught in schools and in more engaging ways such as field trips. These findings offer important insights for both theory and practice related to the use of education to develop PEB for a healthier environment.
Engineering the Collapse of Lifetime Distribution of Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Nanodiamonds
Creators: name: Li, Hao
name: Ou, Jun-Yu
name: Gholipour, Behrad
name: So, JinKyu
name: Piccinotti, Davide
name: Fedotov, Vassili
name: Papasimakis, Nikitas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate experimentally that the distribution of the decay rates of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond becomes narrower by over five times for nanodiamonds embedded in thin chalcogenide films.
A hybrid algorithm based on Community Detection and Multi-Attribute Decision-Making for Influence Maximization
Creators: name: Jalayer, Masoud
name: Azheian, Morvarid
name: Kermani, Mehrdad Mohammad Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The influence maximization problem is trying to identify a set of K nodes by which the spread of influence, diseases, or information is maximized. The optimization of influence by finding such a set is an NP-hard problem and a key issue in analyzing complex networks. In this paper, a new greedy and hybrid approach based on a community detection algorithm and a MADM technique (TOPSIS) is proposed to cope with the problem, called, Greedy TOPSIS and Community-Based (GTaCB) algorithm. The paper concisely introduces community detection and the TOPSIS technique, then it presents the pseudo-code of the proposed algorithm. Afterward, it compares the performance of the solution which is found by GTaCB with some well-known greedy algorithms, based on Degree Centrality, Closeness Centrality, Betweenness Centrality, PageRank as well as TOPSIS, from two aspects: diffusion quality and diffusion speed. In order to evaluate the performance of GTaCB, computational experiments on nine different types of real-world networks are provided. The tests are conducted via one of the renowned epidemic diffusion models, namely, Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model. The simulations exhibit that in most of the cases the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms the others, chiefly as the number of initial nodes or probability of infection increases.
description: 30 pages, 20 figures
A New Measure of Fine Tuning
Creators: name: Athron, Peter
name: Miller, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solution to fine tuning is one of the principal motivations for Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) Studies. However constraints on new physics indicate that many of these BSM models are also fine tuned (although to a much lesser extent). To compare these BSM models it is essential that we have a reliable, quantitative measure of tuning. We review the measures of tuning used in the literature and propose an alternative measure. We apply this measure to several toy models and the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model.
description: 25 pages, some colour figures; version accepted for publication
Global Thinking. ON-MERRIT recommendations for maximising equity in open and responsible research
Creators: name: Cole, Nicki Lisa
name: Reichmann, Stefan
name: Ross-Hellauer, Tony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: recommendations
equity
open science
responsible research and innovation

description: Open and responsible research has the potential to profoundly alter the who, what, why, when and how of knowledge-creation. Yet it is not a destiny. The ways we implement change today will have long-lasting consequences for the kind of open and responsible research ecosystem we inhabit tomorrow. For that future to be one more equitable than today’s world, critical consideration must be given to the ways in which agendas of openness are shaped by those in positions of power and privilege, and might hence reflect or even reinforce global dynamics of inequity. ON-MERRIT is an EC-funded project to investigate dynamics of cumulative advantage and threats to equity in the transition to Open Research and Responsible Research & Innovation (RRI) across a range of stakeholder categories (in particular for those at the periphery) and multiple dimensions of Open Research, as well as its interfaces with industry and policy. Our results found many areas of concern, from which we identified four key areas of risk: Resource-intensity of Open Research: Putting open and responsible research into practice requires considerable resources (including infrastructures, services, and training). The structural inequalities that exist within institutions, regions and nations, and on a global scale, create structural advantages for well-resourced actors and structural disadvantages for less-resourced actors, in terms of capacity and ability to engage in these practices. Article-processing charges and the stratification of Open Access publishing: The article processing charge (APC) model within Open Access publishing seems to discriminate against those with limited resources (especially those from less-resourced regions and institutions). These facts seem to be having effects of stratification in terms of who publishes where. Societal inclusion in research and policy-making: Open and responsible research processes take place within broader social systems where inequalities continue to structure access and privilege certain actors while others are disadvantaged. Despite laudable aims of equity, inclusion and diversity in open and responsible research, the most marginalised, vulnerable, and poor remain mostly excluded. Reform of reward and recognition: Institutional processes for reward and recognition not only do not sufficiently support the uptake of open and responsible research, but often get in the way of them. This disadvantages those who wish to take up these practices (putting early-career researchers especially at risk).
Uncertainty quantification through Monte Carlo method in a cloud computing setting
Creators: name: Cunha, A.
name: Nasser, R.
name: Sampaio, R.
name: Lopes, H.
name: Breitman, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.3
subject: 62D05

description: The Monte Carlo (MC) method is the most common technique used for uncertainty quantification, due to its simplicity and good statistical results. However, its computational cost is extremely high, and, in many cases, prohibitive. Fortunately, the MC algorithm is easily parallelizable, which allows its use in simulations where the computation of a single realization is very costly. This work presents a methodology for the parallelization of the MC method, in the context of cloud computing. This strategy is based on the MapReduce paradigm, and allows an efficient distribution of tasks in the cloud. This methodology is illustrated on a problem of structural dynamics that is subject to uncertainties. The results show that the technique is capable of producing good results concerning statistical moments of low order. It is shown that even a simple problem may require many realizations for convergence of histograms, which makes the cloud computing strategy very attractive (due to its high scalability capacity and low-cost). Additionally, the results regarding the time of processing and storage space usage allow one to qualify this new methodology as a solution for simulations that require a number of MC realizations beyond the standard.
Additional file 1: of Generation and characterization of UL41 null pseudorabies virus variant in vitro and in vivo
Creators: name: Ye, Chao
name: Chen, Jing
name: Wang, Tao
name: Xu, Jingjing
name: Zheng, Hao
name: Wu, Jiqiang
name: Li, Guoxin
name: Yu, Zhiqing
name: Tong, Wu
name: Cheng, Xuefei
name: Zhou, Shasha
name: Tong, Guangzhi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Figure S1. Sequence information about the fragments used to generate donor plasmids. (DOCX 19 kb)
Borromean supercounterfluidity
Creators: name: Blomquist, Emil
name: Syrwid, Andrzej
name: Babaev, Egor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate microscopically the existence of a new superfluid state of matter in a three-component Bose mixture trapped in an optical lattice. The superfluid transport involving coflow of all three components is arrested in that state, while counterflows between any pair of components are dissipationless. The presence of three components allows for three different types of counterflows with only two independent superfluid degrees of freedom.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures