cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A practical approach to integrating research and education : a course experiment from KTH, Sweden
Creators: name: Gröndahl, Fredrik
name: Franzen, Daniel
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: In this study we evaluate a project-based learning course called Applied Ecology, within the master program Sustainable Technology at the Division of Industrial Ecology, at KTH – Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden. The case study in the course is focused on the effects of a relatively large Bay, “Burgsviken”, situated on the island Gotland in the middle of the Baltic Sea, that has changed due to the eutrophication in the area. The eutrophication of the Bay has initiated bottom up processes of discussion and engagement among the stakeholders in the area, for the enhancement of the water quality and biological services of the bay, that would in turn improve fishing, swimming, biological diversity and tourism. There are several stakeholders involved in the project: a local non-profit organisation, farmers, entrepreneurs, authorities, permanent and seasonal inhabitants, researchers and others. The course is evaluated according to the methodology of Brundiers and Wiek (2013). Student evaluations have been conducted and analysed in relation to four phases: (1) Orienting phase, formulation of research question. (2) Framing phase, methodology and study planning. (3) Research phase, field study and other examinations. (4) Implementation phase, communication of the results with different stakeholders. The Applied Ecology course shares many of the positive features of other PPBL courses in the sustainability field – namely that it focuses on a real sustainability problem and that the student-centred learning approach and interactions between students and stakeholders make the student partnership in the project feel real, thus providing a practical insight of complex societal challenges.There are potential ways of improving all four phases of the course that were studied, but especially in the research phase and the implementation phase more efforts are needed. Feedback and reflections in the research phase could be improved by a clearer communication and to some extent changed pedagogical process through the course. All phases will be improved by increased communication before, during and after fieldwork between student, teachers and stakeholders.
The addition of temporal neighborhood makes the logic of prefixes and sub-intervals EXPSPACE-complete
Creators: name: Bozzelli, L.
name: Montanari, A.
name: Peron, A.
name: Sala, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A classic result by Stockmeyer gives a non-elementary lower bound to the emptiness problem for star-free generalized regular expressions. This result is intimately connected to the satisfiability problem for interval temporal logic, notably for formulas that make use of the so-called chop operator. Such an operator can indeed be interpreted as the inverse of the concatenation operation on regular languages, and this correspondence enables reductions between non-emptiness of star-free generalized regular expressions and satisfiability of formulas of the interval temporal logic of chop under the homogeneity assumption. In this paper, we study the complexity of the satisfiability problem for suitable weakenings of the chop interval temporal logic, that can be equivalently viewed as fragments of Halpern and Shoham interval logic. We first consider the logic $\mathsf{BD}_{hom}$ featuring modalities $B$, for \emph{begins}, corresponding to the prefix relation on pairs of intervals, and $D$, for \emph{during}, corresponding to the infix relation. The homogeneous models of $\mathsf{BD}_{hom}$ naturally correspond to languages defined by restricted forms of regular expressions, that use union, complementation, and the inverses of the prefix and infix relations. Such a fragment has been recently shown to be PSPACE-complete . In this paper, we study the extension $\mathsf{BD}_{hom}$ with the temporal neighborhood modality $A$ (corresponding to the Allen relation \emph{Meets}), and prove that it increases both its expressiveness and complexity. In particular, we show that the resulting logic $\mathsf{BDA}_{hom}$ is EXPSPACE-complete.
Probing light mediators and $(g-2)_μ$ through detection of coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering at COHERENT
Creators: name: Corona, M. Atzori
name: Cadeddu, M.
name: Cargioli, N.
name: Dordei, F.
name: Giunti, C.
name: Li, Y. F.
name: Picciau, E.
name: Ternes, C. A.
name: Zhang, Y. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the constraints on the parameters of several light boson mediator models obtained from the analysis of the current data of the COHERENT CE$ν$NS experiment. We consider a variety of vector boson mediator models: the so-called universal, the $B-L$ and other anomaly-free $U(1)'$ gauge models with direct couplings of the new vector boson with neutrinos and quarks, and the anomaly-free $L_e-L_μ$, $L_e-L_τ$, and $L_μ-L_τ$ gauge models where the coupling of the new vector boson with the quarks is generated by kinetic mixing with the photon at the one-loop level. We consider also a model with a new light scalar boson mediator that is assumed, for simplicity, to have universal coupling with quarks and leptons. Since the COHERENT CE$ν$NS data are well-fitted with the cross section predicted by the Standard Model, the analysis of the data yields constraints for the mass and coupling of the new boson mediator that depend on the charges of quarks and neutrinos in each model under consideration. We compare these constraints with the limits obtained in other experiments and with the values that can explain the muon $g-2$ anomaly in the models where the muon couples to the new boson mediator.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures, published in JHEP
Robust resource-efficient quantum variational ansatz through evolutionary algorithm
Creators: name: Huang, Yuhan
name: Li, Qingyu
name: Hou, Xiaokai
name: Wu, Rebing
name: Yung, Man-Hong
name: Bayat, Abolfazl
name: Wang, Xiaoting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are promising methods to demonstrate quantum advantage on near-term devices as the required resources are divided between a quantum simulator and a classical optimizer. As such, designing a VQA which is resource-efficient and robust against noise is a key factor to achieve potential advantage with the existing noisy quantum simulators. It turns out that a fixed VQA circuit design, such as the widely-used hardware efficient ansatz, is not necessarily robust against imperfections. In this work, we propose a genome-length-adjustable evolutionary algorithm to design a robust VQA circuit that is optimized over variations of both circuit ansatz and gate parameters, without any prior assumptions on circuit structure or depth. Remarkably, our method not only generates a noise-effect-minimized circuit with shallow depth, but also accelerates the classical optimization by substantially reducing the number of parameters. In this regard, the optimized circuit is far more resource-efficient with respect to both quantum and classical resources. As applications, based on two typical error models in VQA, we apply our method to calculate the ground energy of the hydrogen and the water molecules as well as the Heisenberg model. Simulations suggest that compared with conventional hardware efficient ansatz, our circuit-structure-tunable method can generate circuits apparently more robust against both coherent and incoherent noise, and hence is more likely to be implemented on near-term devices.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Galois connecting call-by-value and call-by-name
Creators: name: McDermott, Dylan
name: Mycroft, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We establish a general framework for reasoning about the relationship between call-by-value and call-by-name.
 In languages with computational effects, call-by-value and call-by-name executions of programs often have different, but related, observable behaviours. For example, if a program might diverge but otherwise has no effects, then whenever it terminates under call-by-value, it terminates with the same result under call-by-name. We propose a technique for stating and proving properties like these. The key ingredient is Levy's call-by-push-value calculus, which we use as a framework for reasoning about evaluation orders. We show that the call-by-value and call-by-name translations of expressions into call-by-push-value have related observable behaviour under certain conditions on computational effects, which we identify. We then use this fact to construct maps between the call-by-value and call-by-name interpretations of types, and identify further properties of effects that imply these maps form a Galois connection. These properties hold for some computational effects (such as divergence), but not others (such as mutable state). This gives rise to a general reasoning principle that relates call-by-value and call-by-name. We apply the reasoning principle to example computational effects including divergence and nondeterminism.
Addition and Differentiation of ZX-diagrams
Creators: name: Jeandel, Emmanuel
name: Perdrix, Simon
name: Veshchezerova, Margarita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ZX-calculus is a powerful framework for reasoning in quantum computing. It provides in particular a compact representation of matrices of interests. A peculiar property of the ZX-calculus is the absence of a formal sum allowing the linear combinations of arbitrary ZX-diagrams. The universality of the formalism guarantees however that for any two ZX-diagrams, the sum of their interpretations can be represented by a ZX-diagram. We introduce a general, inductive definition of the addition of ZX-diagrams, relying on the construction of controlled diagrams. Based on this addition technique, we provide an inductive differentiation of ZX-diagrams.
 Indeed, given a ZX-diagram with variables in the description of its angles, one can differentiate the diagram according to one of these variables. Differentiation is ubiquitous in quantum mechanics and quantum computing (e.g. for solving optimization problems). Technically, differentiation of ZX-diagrams is strongly related to summation as witnessed by the product rules.
 We also introduce an alternative, non inductive, differentiation technique rather based on the isolation of the variables. Finally, we apply our results to deduce a diagram for an Ising Hamiltonian.
Bispectrum-window convolution via Hankel transform
Creators: name: Pardede, Kevin
name: Rizzo, Federico
name: Biagetti, Matteo
name: Castorina, Emanuele
name: Sefusatti, Emiliano
name: Monaco, Pierluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to perform the exact convolution of the model prediction for bispectrum multipoles in redshift space with the survey window function. We extend a widely applied method for the power spectrum convolution to the bispectrum, taking advantage of a 2D-FFTlog algorithm. As a preliminary test of its accuracy, we consider the toy model of a spherical window function in real space. This setup provides an analytical evaluation of the 3-point function of the window, and therefore it allows to isolate and quantify possible systematic errors of the method. We find that our implementation of the convolution in terms of a mixing matrix shows differences at the percent level in comparison to the measurements from a very large set of mock halo catalogs. It is also able to recover unbiased constraints on halo bias parameters in a likelihood analysis of a set of numerical simulations with a total volume of $100\, h^{-3} \, {\rm Gpc}^3$. For the level of accuracy required by these tests, the multiplication with the mixing matrix is performed in the time of one second or less.
description: 19+13 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables. v2: minor modifications to match published version
Comparative analysis of LL data needs investigations
Creators: name: Carbonés, Marta
name: Pi-Suñer, Daniel
name: del Castillo, Harold
name: Álvarez, Camila
name: Biosca, Oriol
name: Ulied, Andreu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This report offers a thorough assessment of data needs and resources within the Living Labs (LLs), presenting a comparative analysis in relation to their similarities in terms of the interest and feasibility of data, but also specificities of each LL. It highlights the RUSTIK Information System and Core RUSTIK Database as essential tools for local, regional, and policy stakeholders, poised to not only inform ongoing research but also guide future research.
Implementing a collaboration activity in construction engineering education
Creators: name: Clevenger, Caroline M.
name: Valdes-Vasquez, Rodolfo
name: Abdallah, Moatassem A.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Collaboration skills are increasingly necessary in today’s construction workforce. However, classroom activities that incorporate collaboration skills, ones involving interactive work among individuals towards a common goal, are underrepresented in many construction classes. This research documents and illuminates implementation of a team activity where groups of interdisciplinary students were asked to build a structure using the provided (paper and tape) resources with the objectives to create a structure that stands at least 4” tall and supports as much weight (under textbook loading) as possible. Two rounds of activities were performed with differing levels of role definition provided to the students. Team interactions and performance were recorded, along with student self-assessments, and reporter observation. The implementation of this collaboration activity continues to provide valuable lessons, which informs the integration and assessment of collaboration activities in construction education.
Supplementary document for Littrow 3D measurement based on 2D grating dual-channel equal-optical path interference - 6095376.pdf
Creators: name: yunfei, yin
name: Liu, Lin
name: bai, yu
name: Jirigalantu, Jiri
name: Yu, hongzhu
name: bayan, heshig
name: liu, zhaowu
name: Li, Wenhao
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Part 3
Hall effect in doped Mott insulator: DMFT-approximation
Creators: name: Kuchinskii, E. Z.
name: Kuleeva, N. A.
name: Khomskii, D. I.
name: Sadovskii, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) we analyze Hall effect in doped Mott insulator as a parent cuprate superconductor. We consider the partial filling (hole doping) of the lower Hubbard band and calculate the dependence of Hall coefficient and Hall number on hole doping, determining the critical concentration for sign change of the Hall coefficient. Significant temperature dependence of Hall effect is noted. A good agreement is demonstrated with concentration dependence of Hall number obtained in experiments in the normal state of YBCO.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to be published in JETP Letters v. 115, No. 7 (2022)
Constructive Separations and Their Consequences
Creators: name: Chen, Lijie
name: Jin, Ce
name: Santhanam, Rahul
name: Williams, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For a complexity class $C$ and language $L$, a constructive separation of $L \notin C$ gives an efficient algorithm (also called a refuter) to find counterexamples (bad inputs) for every $C$-algorithm attempting to decide $L$. We study the questions: Which lower bounds can be made constructive? What are the consequences of constructive separations? We build a case that "constructiveness" serves as a dividing line between many weak lower bounds we know how to prove, and strong lower bounds against $P$, $ZPP$, and $BPP$. Put another way, constructiveness is the opposite of a complexity barrier: it is a property we want lower bounds to have. Our results fall into three broad categories.
 1. Our first set of results shows that, for many well-known lower bounds against streaming algorithms, one-tape Turing machines, and query complexity, as well as lower bounds for the Minimum Circuit Size Problem, making these lower bounds constructive would imply breakthrough separations ranging from $EXP \neq BPP$ to even $P \neq NP$.
 2. Our second set of results shows that for most major open problems in lower bounds against $P$, $ZPP$, and $BPP$, including $P \neq NP$, $P \neq PSPACE$, $P \neq PP$, $ZPP \neq EXP$, and $BPP \neq NEXP$, any proof of the separation would further imply a constructive separation. Our results generalize earlier results for $P \neq NP$ [Gutfreund, Shaltiel, and Ta-Shma, CCC 2005] and $BPP \neq NEXP$ [Dolev, Fandina and Gutfreund, CIAC 2013].
 3. Our third set of results shows that certain complexity separations cannot be made constructive. We observe that for all super-polynomially growing functions $t$, there are no constructive separations for detecting high $t$-time Kolmogorov complexity (a task which is known to be not in $P$) from any complexity class, unconditionally.
description: Abstract shortened to fit arXiv requirements
Emerging undergraduate sustainable energy engineering programs in Canada and beyond : a review and analytic comparison
Creators: name: McPherson, Madeleine M.
name: Karney, Bryan W.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Faced with global climate change and many other challenges, our energy system is transforming from a centralized, fossil-fuel dependent, utility-dominated infrastructure system to a decentralized, sustainable, “smart” network. As this transition clarifies, academics and practitioners from multiple disciplines are rethinking the way society frames, delivers, and uses energy. Successfully navigating this transformation calls for systems-thinkers who are capable of diagnosing increasingly complex energy problems and delivering robust, integrated, interdisciplinary solutions. As leaders in education innovation, universities have a distinct role in cultivating a new education framework and generation of systems-thinkers. Hiring committees, educators, and students alike are responding to this call, resulting in the emergence of novel undergraduate sustainable energy engineering programs. In particular, engineers’ training in thermodynamics and electrical principles provides the technical foundation of energy systems, which could be augmented with broader sustainable energy proficiency: for example through discourse around the economic and political factors that govern the energy system and the society in which the energy system resides. Each of these emerging programs has a unique specialization, set of learning outcomes, and organizational structure, inviting reflection on their relative strengths and weaknesses. We compare several of these programs, including the University of Toronto’s Energy Program, Carleton University’s Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Degree, the University of British Columbia’s Electrical Energy Systems Option, and the University of Calgary’s Energy and Environment Specialization. Our objective is to understand the drivers that can enrich discipline-oriented curricula with socially relevant, problem-oriented literacy. We devise a series of metrics to analyze these programs, including the program structure, the scope of the curriculum, access to application and research opportunities, and the institutional energy research community. Data is gathered primarily through reviewing program documentation and websites. Finally we evaluate each program’s effectiveness in cultivating the “T-shaped” engineer using a multi-criteria framework, designed to measure education outcomes. The program comparison shows that even with the immense constraints imposed on active curriculum development including accreditation requirements, budgets, and faculty availability, there is tremendous opportunity and design flexibility regarding how to integrate sustainable energy systems-thinking into energy engineering education; seizing this opportunity now, while developing a culture of continuous improvement and adaptation, is imperative to our evolution as educators and engineers.
Quasinormal modes of Schwarzschild black holes in projective invariant Chern-Simons modified gravity
Creators: name: Boudet, Simon
name: Bombacigno, Flavio
name: Olmo, Gonzalo J.
name: Porfirio, Paulo J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the Chern-Simons modified gravity to the metric-affine case and impose projective invariance by supplementing the Pontryagin density with homothetic curvature terms which do not spoil topologicity. The latter is then broken by promoting the coupling of the Chern-Simons term to a (pseudo)-scalar field. The solutions for torsion and nonmetricity are derived perturbatively, showing that they can be iteratively obtained from the background fields. This allows us to describe the dynamics for the metric and the scalar field perturbations in a self-consistent way, and we apply the formalism to the study of quasinormal modes in a Schwarzschild black hole background. Unlike in the metric formulation of this theory, we show that the scalar field is endowed with dynamics even in the absence of its kinetic term in the action. Finally, using numerical methods we compute the quasinormal frequencies and characterize the late-time power law tails for scalar and metric perturbations, comparing the results with the outcomes of the purely metric approach.
Enhancement of Superconductivity upon reduction of carrier density in proximitized graphene
Creators: name: Daptary, Gopi Nath
name: Khanna, Udit
name: Walach, Eyal
name: Roy, Arnab
name: Shimshoni, Efrat
name: Frydman, Aviad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superconducting transition temperature (Tc) of a single layer graphene coupled to an Indium oxide (InO) film, a low carrier-density superconductor, is found to increase with decreasing carrier density and is largest close to the average charge neutrality point in graphene. Such an effect is very surprising in conventional BCS superconductors. We study this phenomenon both experimentally and theoretically. Our analysis suggests that the InO film induces random electron and hole-doped puddles in the graphene. The Josephson effect across these regions of opposite polarity enhances the Josephson coupling between the superconducting clusters in InO, along with the overall Tc of the bilayer heterostructure. This enhancement is most effective when the chemical potential of the system is tuned between the charge neutrality points of the electron and hole-doped regions.
description: Accepted in Phys. Rev. B (Letter)
Linear Hashing with $\ell_\infty$ guarantees and two-sided Kakeya bounds
Creators: name: Dhar, Manik
name: Dvir, Zeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that a randomly chosen linear map over a finite field gives a good hash function in the $\ell_\infty$ sense. More concretely, consider a set $S \subset \mathbb{F}_q^n$ and a randomly chosen linear map $L : \mathbb{F}_q^n \to \mathbb{F}_q^t$ with $q^t$ taken to be sufficiently smaller than $ |S|$. Let $U_S$ denote a random variable distributed uniformly on $S$. Our main theorem shows that, with high probability over the choice of $L$, the random variable $L(U_S)$ is close to uniform in the $\ell_\infty$ norm. In other words, {\em every} element in the range $\mathbb{F}_q^t$ has about the same number of elements in $S$ mapped to it. This complements the widely-used Leftover Hash Lemma (LHL) which proves the analog statement under the statistical, or $\ell_1$, distance (for a richer class of functions) as well as prior work on the expected largest 'bucket size' in linear hash functions [ADMPT99]. By known bounds from the load balancing literature [RS98], our results are tight and show that linear functions hash as well as trully random function up to a constant factor in the entropy loss. Our proof leverages a connection between linear hashing and the finite field Kakeya problem and extends some of the tools developed in this area, in particular the polynomial method.
description: Journal Version for TheoretiCS. Added Theorem 3.4 which gives more flexible field size requirements for finding balanced subspaces
Strategy to Extract Kitaev Interaction using Symmetry in Honeycomb Mott Insulators
Creators: name: Cen, Jiefu
name: Kee, Hae-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kitaev spin liquid, a ground state of the bond-dependent Kitaev model in a honeycomb lattice has been a centre of attraction, since a microscopic theory to realize such an interaction in solid-state materials was discovered. A challenge in real materials though is the presence of the Heisenberg and another bond-dependent Gamma interactions detrimental to the Kitaev spin liquid, and there have been many debates on their relative strengths. Here we offer a strategy to extract the Kitaev interaction out of a full microscopic model by utilizing the symmetries of the Hamiltonian. Two tilted magnetic field directions related by a two-fold rotational symmetry generate distinct spin excitations originating from a specific combination of the Kitaev and Gamma interactions. Together with the in- and out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy, one can determine the Kitaev and Gamma interactions separately. Dynamic spin structure factors are presented to motivate future experiments. The proposed setups will advance the search for Kitaev materials.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
Weakly toll convexity and proper interval graphs
Creators: name: Dourado, Mitre C.
name: Gutierrez, Marisa
name: Protti, Fábio
name: Tondato, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05C75

description: A walk $u_0u_1 \ldots u_{k-1}u_k$ is a \textit{weakly toll walk} if $u_0u_i \in E(G)$ implies $u_i = u_1$ and $u_ju_k\in E(G)$ implies $u_j=u_{k-1}$. A set $S$ of vertices of $G$ is {\it weakly toll convex} if for any two non-adjacent vertices $x,y \in S$ any vertex in a weakly toll walk between $x$ and $y$ is also in $S$. The {\em weakly toll convexity} is the graph convexity space defined over weakly toll convex sets. Many studies are devoted to determine if a graph equipped with a convexity space is a {\em convex geometry}. An \emph{extreme vertex} is an element $x$ of a convex set $S$ such that the set $S\backslash\{x\}$ is also convex. A graph convexity space is said to be a convex geometry if it satisfies the Minkowski-Krein-Milman property, which states that every convex set is the convex hull of its extreme vertices. It is known that chordal, Ptolemaic, weakly polarizable, and interval graphs can be characterized as convex geometries with respect to the monophonic, geodesic, $m^3$, and toll convexities, respectively. Other important classes of graphs can also be characterized in this way. In this paper, we prove that a graph is a convex geometry with respect to the weakly toll convexity if and only if it is a proper interval graph. Furthermore, some well-known graph invariants are studied with respect to the weakly toll convexity.
Photonic spin Hall effect from quantum kinetic theory in curved spacetime
Creators: name: Mameda, Kazuya
name: Yamamoto, Naoki
name: Yang, Di-Lun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on quantum field theory, we formulate the Wigner function and quantum kinetic theory for polarized photons in curved spacetimes which admit a covariantly constant timelike vector. From this framework, the photonic chiral/zilch vortical effects are reproduced in a rigidly rotating coordinate. In a spatially inhomogeneous coordinate, we derive the spin Hall effect for the photon helicity current and energy current in equilibrium. Our derivation reveals that such photonic Hall effect are related to the photonic vortical effect via the Lorentz invariance and their transport coefficients match each other.
description: 18 pages
A strong Gram classification of non-negative unit forms of Dynkin type A
Creators: name: Gonzalez, J. A. Jimenez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A63, 15A21, 15B36, 05C22, 05C50, 05C76, 05B20

description: An integral quadratic form q is usually identified with a bilinear form b such that its Gram matrix with respect to the canonical basis is upper triangular. Two integral quadratic forms are called strongly (resp. weakly) Gram congruent if their corresponding upper triangular bilinear forms (resp. their symmetrizations) are equivalent. If q is unitary, such upper triangular bilinear form is unimodular, and one considers the associated Coxeter transformation and its characteristic polynomial, the so-called Coxeter polynomial of q with this identification. Two strongly Gram congruent quadratic unit forms are weakly Gram congruent and have the same Coxeter polynomial. Here we show that the converse of this statement holds for the connected non-negative case of Dynkin type A_r and arbitrary corank, and use this characterization to complete a combinatorial classification of such quadratic forms started in [Fundamenta Informaticae 184(1):49-82, 2021] and [Fundamenta Informaticae 185(3):221-246, 2022].
$B\to D_1(2420)$ and $B\to D_1'(2430)$ form factors from QCD light-cone sum rules
Creators: name: Gubernari, Nico
name: Khodjamirian, Alexander
name: Mandal, Rusa
name: Mannel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform the first calculation of form factors in the semileptonic decays $B\!\to\! D_1(2420)\ellν_\ell$ and $B \to D_1^\prime (2430)\ell ν_\ell$ using QCD light-cone sum rules (LCSRs) with $B$-meson distribution amplitudes. In this calculation the $c$-quark mass is finite. Analytical expressions for two-particle contributions up to twist four are obtained. To disentangle the $D_1$ and $D_1^\prime$ contributions in the LCSRs, we suggest a novel approach that introduces a combination of two interpolating currents for these charmed mesons. To fix all the parameters in the LCSRs, we use the two-point QCD sum rules for the decay constants of $D_1$ and $D_1^\prime$ mesons augmented by a single experimental input, that is the $B \to D_1(2420)\ellν_\ell$ decay width. We provide numerical results for all $B\to D_1$ and $B\to D_1^\prime$ form factors. As a byproduct, we also obtain the $D_1$- and $D_1'$-meson decay constants and predict the lepton-flavour universality ratios $R(D_1)$ and $R(D_1')$.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures, published version
STEM YONDASHUVI ASOSIDA ODAM ORGANIZMI HAQIDAGI BILIMLARNI CHUQURLASHTIRISH METODLARI
Creators: name: Toshtemirov, Zafar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu ishda STЕM (fan, tеxnologiya, muhandislik va matеmatika) yondashuvi asosida odam organizmi haqidagi bilimlarni chuqurlashtirish mеtodlari yoritilgan. Tadqiqotda o‘quvchilarda tabiiy fanlarga nisbatan qiziqishni oshirish, tananing tuzilishi va funksiyalarini intеraktiv va amaliy mashg‘ulotlar orqali o‘rgatish yo‘llari tahlil qilingan. Anatomik modеllar, raqamli tеxnologiyalar va loyihaviy faoliyatlar asosida darslarni tashkil еtish o‘quvchilarning tanqidiy fikrlash, muammoli vaziyatlarni hal еtish va kasbiy yo‘nalishlarini aniqlashlariga yordam bеradi. Maqolada STЕM intеgratsiyasi orqali biologiya darslarining samaradorligini oshirishga oid tajribalar va tavsiyalar kеltirilgan.
Prompt-based System for Personality and Interpersonal Reactivity Prediction
Creators: name: Li, Bin
name: Weng, Yixuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes our proposed method for the Workshop on Computational Approaches to Subjectivity, Sentiment & Social Media Analysis (WASSA) 2022 shared task on Personality Prediction (PER) and Reactivity Index Prediction (IRI). In this paper, we adopt the prompt-based learning method with the pre-trained language model to accomplish these tasks. Specifically, the prompt is designed to provide knowledge of the extra personalized information for enhancing the pre-trained model. Data augmentation and model ensemble are adopted for obtaining better results. Moreover, we also provided the online software demonstration and the codes of the software for further research.
description: Published in Software Impacts
Health futures lab : transdisciplinary development of T shaped professionals through 'wicked problem' challenges
Creators: name: De Eyto, Adam
name: Ryan, Annmarie
name: McMahon, Muireann
name: Hassett, Grainne
name: Flynn, Morgan
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: It is clear that differences in approach and enquiry are apparent between the established disciplines of Design, Engineering, Business and Health Sciences. The attempt to tackle Wicked Problems (Rittel and Webber 1973) is a challenge for universities and policy makers yet we are only beginning to appreciate the potential of transdisciplinary collaboration. This paper outlines a case study in a transdisciplinary education model which addressed some of the wicked problems of health and wellbeing of urban citizens, using Limerick city, Ireland as a test bed. The Health Futures Lab [HFL] was a pilot initiative that brought recent graduates of Interactive Media, Engineering, Product Design, Architecture, Economics, Marketing and Health Sciences together to apply their professional skills in a transdisciplinary manner. The lab ran for a five week period in the summer of 2014 and was situated in the city core. Facilitation and expert mentoring was given by university faculty, and a range of community advocates. This case study examines the benefits and challenges of transdisciplinary labs as a method for addressing complex social problems and provides an example of how graduates can use their specialist knowledge whilst collaborating across disciplines for maximum effect.
Local Ward identities for collective excitations in fermionic systems with spontaneously broken symmetries
Creators: name: Bonetti, Pietro M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive Ward identities for fermionic systems exhibiting a gauge symmetry that gets globally broken. In particular, we focus on the relation that connects the gauge field response functions to the transverse susceptibilities of the order parameter. We find that the long-wavelength and zero energy limit of the former are related to the coefficients of a low-energy expansion of the latter. We examine three physical cases: the superconductor, the Néel antiferromagnet and the spiral magnet. In the case of a metallic spiral magnet that completely breaks the SU(2) spin symmetry we explicitly show that the Ward identities are fulfilled within the random phase approximation. We subsequently derive microscopic expressions for the spin stiffnesses and spin wave velocities, which can be plugged into low energy models to study the effect of long-wavelength bosonic fluctuations on top of mean-field solutions.
Encodability Criteria for Quantum Based Systems
Creators: name: Schmitt, Anna
name: Peters, Kirstin
name: Deng, Yuxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum based systems are a relatively new research area for that different modelling languages including process calculi are currently under development. Encodings are often used to compare process calculi. Quality criteria are used then to rule out trivial or meaningless encodings. In this new context of quantum based systems, it is necessary to analyse the applicability of these quality criteria and to potentially extend or adapt them. As a first step, we test the suitability of classical criteria for encodings between quantum based languages and discuss new criteria. Concretely, we present an encoding, from a language inspired by CQP into a language inspired by qCCS. We show that this encoding satisfies compositionality, name invariance (for channel and qubit names), operational correspondence, divergence reflection, success sensitiveness, and that it preserves the size of quantum registers. Then we show that there is no encoding from qCCS into CQP that is compositional, operationally corresponding, and success sensitive.
Mechanical investigations of free-standing SiN membranes patterned with one-dimensional photonic crystal structures
Creators: name: Darki, Ali A.
name: Nielsen, Robin V.
name: Nygaard, Jens V.
name: Dantan, Aurélien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed investigation of the structural and vibrational properties of various prestressed silicon nitride membranes patterned with one-dimensional photonic crystal structures is presented. The tensile stress-related deformation of the structure in the vicinity of the patterned area is determined by Atomic Force Microscopy scans, while the resonance frequencies and quality factors of the out-of-plane membrane vibrations are measured using optical interferometry. We show that these noninvasive measurements, combined with results of finite element simulations, provide accurate knowledge on the tensile stress, the elasticity modulus and the density of these nanostructured thin films. The obtained results are interesting in two ways: first, they show that such highly reflective thin membranes already exploited in various photonics applications possess high-mechanical quality, which also makes them attractive for optomechanics and sensing applications. Second, they represent a nondestructive method to determine key material parameters which can be applicable to a broad range of fragile nanostructured thin films.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures
Offline and online energy-efficient monitoring of scattered uncertain logs using a bounding model
Creators: name: Ghosh, Bineet
name: André, Étienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Monitoring the correctness of distributed cyber-physical systems is essential. Detecting possible safety violations can be hard when some samples are uncertain or missing. We monitor here black-box cyber-physical system, with logs being uncertain both in the state and timestamp dimensions: that is, not only the logged value is known with some uncertainty, but the time at which the log was made is uncertain too. In addition, we make use of an over-approximated yet expressive model, given by a non-linear extension of dynamical systems. Given an offline log, our approach is able to monitor the log against safety specifications with a limited number of false alarms. As a second contribution, we show that our approach can be used online to minimize the number of sample triggers, with the aim at energetic efficiency. We apply our approach to three benchmarks, an anesthesia model, an adaptive cruise controller and an aircraft orbiting system.
Analytical Performance Estimation during Code Generation on Modern GPUs
Creators: name: Ernst, Dominik
name: Holzer, Markus
name: Hager, Georg
name: Knorr, Matthias
name: Wellein, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automatic code generation is frequently used to create implementations of algorithms specifically tuned to particular hardware and application parameters. The code generation process involves the selection of adequate code transformations, tuning parameters, and parallelization strategies. We propose an alternative to time-intensive autotuning, scenario-specific performance models, or black-box machine learning to select the best-performing configuration.
 This paper identifies the relevant performance-defining mechanisms for memory-intensive GPU applications through a performance model coupled with an analytic hardware metric estimator. This enables a quick exploration of large configuration spaces to identify highly efficient code candidates with high accuracy.
 We examine the changes of the A100 GPU architecture compared to the predecessor V100 and address the challenges of how to model the data transfer volumes through the new memory hierarchy.
 We show how our method can be coupled to the pystencils stencil code generator, which is used to generate kernels for a range-four 3D-25pt stencil and a complex two-phase fluid solver based on the Lattice Boltzmann Method. For both, it delivers a ranking that can be used to select the best-performing candidate.
 The method is not limited to stencil kernels but can be integrated into any code generator that can generate the required address expressions.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2107.01143
A Perspective on Solar Energetic Particles
Creators: name: Reames, Donald V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The author has been fortunate to observe and participate in the rise of the field of solar energetic particles (SEPs), from the early abundance studies, to the contemporary paradigm of shock acceleration in large SEP events, and element abundance enhancements that are power laws in mass-to-charge ratios from H to Pb. Through painful evolution the "birdcage" model and the "solar-flare myth" came and went, leaving us with shock waves and solar jets that can interact as sources of SEPs.
description: 8 pages, no figures, submitted Frontiers in Astron. and Space Sci
Fully Abstract Encodings of $λ$-Calculus in HOcore through Abstract Machines
Creators: name: Biernacka, Małgorzata
name: Biernacki, Dariusz
name: Lenglet, Sergueï
name: Polesiuk, Piotr
name: Pous, Damien
name: Schmitt, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present fully abstract encodings of the call-by-name and call-by-value $λ$-calculus into HOcore, a minimal higher-order process calculus with no name restriction. We consider several equivalences on the $λ$-calculus side -- normal-form bisimilarity, applicative bisimilarity, and contextual equivalence -- that we internalize into abstract machines in order to prove full abstraction of the encodings. We also demonstrate that this technique scales to the $λμ$-calculus, i.e., a standard extension of the $λ$-calculus with control operators.
Evidence for distortion-induced local electric polarization in $α$-RuCl$_3$
Creators: name: Mi, Xinrun
name: Hou, De
name: Wang, Xiao
name: Hammouda, Sabreen
name: Liu, Caixing
name: Xiong, Zijian
name: Li, Han
name: Wang, Aifeng
name: Chai, Yisheng
name: Qi, Yang
name: Li, Wei
name: Zhou, Xiaoyuan
name: Su, Yixi
name: Khomskii, D. I.
name: He, Mingquan
name: Sheng, Zhigao
name: Sun, Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-orbit assisted Mott insulator $α$-RuCl$_3$ is a prime candidate for material realization of the Kitaev quantum spin liquid. While little attention has been paid to charge degrees of freedom, charge effects, such as electric polarization, may arise in this system. Here, we report distortion-induced local electric polarization in $α$-RuCl$_3$ as evidenced by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, second harmonic generation (SHG) and dielectric measurements. The SHG signal appears at room temperature and develops substantially in the Kitaev paramagnetic state when short-range spin correlations come into play. Despite sizable pyroelectric currents in the Kitaev paramagnetic state, the absence of hysteresis in electric field-dependent polariza-tion (P-E) points to the short-range nature of electric polarization. This localized electric polarization is likely the result of distortion-induced charge dimerization, achieved through virtual hopping-induced charge redistribution. In addition, the electric polarization is boosted by short-range spin correlations via spin-phonon coupling in the Kitaev paramagnetic state. Our results emphasize the importance of charge degrees of freedom in $α$-RuCl$_3$, which establish a novel platform to investi-gate charge effects in Kitaev materials.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures To appear in SCIENCE CHINA Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy
Taking stock : sustainability in engineering teaching : case of CES EduPack -- software for teaching
Creators: name: Vakhitova, T. V.
name: Shercliff, H .R.
name: Ashby, M. F.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The paper presents the results of a survey of academics about teaching sustainable development topics in engineering, design and materials science courses, with particular emphasis on materials aspects of the problem. Over 200 responses were analysed, complemented with the outcome of a multi-national workshop on the subject, and the main findings were summarised. Key findings were the need for well-documented case studies for project-based learning, and the need for a more global perspective in teaching this topic. A recently published ‘5-step methodology’ provides a framework for individual or group student work on a diverse range of problems: from substitution of sustainable materials into products, energy-using devices, to renewable energy and storage technologies. The diversity of potential case studies, and the breadth of knowledge that could be required to address the dominant issues in a given problem, presents a particular educational challenge to help students to navigate with confidence through a meaningful analysis. The paper discusses some refinements to the new methodology that could improve its rigour, and its ease-of-use by undergraduate or graduate students.