cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Updated Numerical Analysis of eV Seesaw with Four Generations
Creators: name: Hou, Wei-Shu
name: Lee, Fei-Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the so-called "eV seesaw" scenario, with right-handed Majorana mass $M_R$ at eV order, extended to four lepton generations. The fourth generation gives a heavy pseudo-Dirac neutral lepton, which largely decouples from other generations and is relatively stable. The framework naturally gives 3 active and 3 sterile neutrinos. We update a previous numerical analysis of a 3+3 study of the LSND anomaly, taking into account the more recent results from the MiniBooNE experiment. In particular, we study the implications for the third mixing angle $\mathrm{sin}^2θ_{13}$, as well as CP violation. We find that current data do not seriously constrain more than one sterile neutrinos.
description: References updated, and a Note Added
SELF-REGULATED LEARNING AND READING COMPREHENSION: THE EFFECTS OF GENDER, MOTIVATION AND METACOGITION
Creators: name: Katsantonis, Ioannis
Publisher: name: Hellenic Journal of Psychology
Year: 2021
Subjects: Metacognitive experiences; Metacognitive knowledge; PISA; Reading; Self-Regulated Learning; Text comprehension

description: The study aimed at determining the effects of aspects of self-regulated learning (SRL) such as metacognition and motivation on reading comprehension. A nationwide, representative sample (N = 6,403) of 15-year-old Greek adolescents was drawn from the PISA 2018 database. The participants’ data on metacognitive knowledge of reading strategies, reading task-specific metacognitive experiences, intrinsic motivation, and reading comprehension were selected for subsequent analyses. Multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test gender differences in metacognitive functioning via measurement invariance. Structural equation modeling was also utilized to assess predictive and mediating effects between motivation, metacognition and reading comprehension achievement. Results indicated gender-related individual differences in metacognitive functioning. Further, structural equation modeling showed that metacognitive experiences, metacognitive knowledge and intrinsic task motivation predicted reading comprehension achievement; however, metacognition mediated the association of intrinsic motivation with reading comprehension achievement. Potential cognitive and educational implications are briefly discussed.
description: Hellenic Journal of Psychology, Vol 17, No 3 (2020)
Additional file 7 of Z-ligustilide preferentially caused mitochondrial dysfunction in AML HL-60 cells by activating nuclear receptors NUR77 and NOR1
Creators: name: Liu, Gen
name: Chen, Zhi-gang
name: Yang, Li-rong
name: Rong, Yu-xia
name: Wang, Qin
name: Li, Li
name: Lu, Qian-wei
name: Jiang, Ming-dong
name: Qi, Hong-yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Fig. S1. Potential target genes of Z-LIG based on RNA-seq.
Peripheral nervous system disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Creators: name: Hanly, John
name: Li, Qiuju
name: Su, Li
name: Urowitz, Murray
name: Gordon, Caroline
name: Farewell, Vern
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019

description: Objectives: In a multi-ethnic/racial, prospective SLE inception cohort, to determine the frequency, clinical characteristics, associations and outcomes in different types of peripheral nervous system (PNS) disease. Methods: Patients were evaluated annually for 19 neuropsychiatric (NP) events including seven types of PNS disease. SLE disease activity, organ damage, autoantibodies, patient and physician assessment of outcome were measured. Time to event and linear regressions were used as appropriate. Results: Of 1,827 SLE patients, 88.8% were female, 48.8% Caucasian. The meanSD age was 35.1±13.3 years, disease duration at enrollment 5.64.2 months and follow-up 7.64.6 years. There were 161 PNS events in 139/1,827 (7.6%) patients. The predominant events were peripheral neuropathy [66/161 (41.0%)], mononeuropathy [44/161 (27.3%)] and cranial neuropathy [39/161 (24.2%)] and the majority were attributed to SLE. Multivariate Cox regressions suggested longer time to resolution in patients with prior history of neuropathy, older age at SLE diagnosis, higher SLEDAI-2K scores, and for peripheral neuropathy versus other neuropathies. Neuropathy was associated with significantly lower SF-36 physical and mental component summary scores versus patients without NP events. By physician assessment, the majority of neuropathies resolved or improved over time and this was associated with improvements in SF-36 summary scores for peripheral neuropathy and mononeuropathy. Conclusion: PNS disease is an important component of total NPSLE and has a significant negative impact on health related quality of life. The outcome is favourable for most patients, but we noted several factors associated with longer time to resolution.
Fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux in neurologically impaired children: Surgical perspectives
Creators: name: Furida Salam
name: Paisarn Vejchapipat
name: Katawaetee Decharun
name: Prapapan Rajatapiti
name: Somboon Roekwibunsi
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2021
Subjects: : Fundoplication, neurological impairment, children

description: Chulalongkorn Medical Journal, 65, 1, 065-069
High frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation versus sertraline in treatment of poststroke depression: A pilot study
Creators: name: Terachinda, Pim
name: Anuphan Tantanatip
name: Krisna Piravej
name: Sookjareon Tangwongchai
name: Sunisa Srioum
name: Thipwimon Sillapachai
name: Pisamai Hongsachat
name: Yuda Chongpison
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Stroke, depression, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, sertraline

description: Chulalongkorn Medical Journal, 65, 1, 071-079
Stereocontrolled Synthesis as an Enabling Tool for the Configurational Assignment of Marine Polyketide Natural Products
Creators: name: Lam, Nelson
name: Paterson, Ian
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019

description: Through the judicious use of stereocontrolled transformations in combination with detailed experimental and computational NMR studies, this Minireview highlights recent synthetic work on stereochemically ambiguous marine polyketide natural products that has resulted in their configurational assignments and reassignments.
Neurocirculatory reflexive control and plasticity in healthy males exposed to hypoxia
Creators: name: Shafer, Brooke
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Purpose: In healthy humans, exposure to acute bouts of hypoxia elicits persistent increases in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). Long-lasting increases in MSNA may have clinical implications for hypertension development particularly in disorders where hypoxemia is a feature, such as obstructive sleep apnea. Four studies were performed to investigate the neural reflex control of sympathetic activity at rest and in response to arterial blood gases disturbances in healthy males. Methods: Study 1: Sympathetic response to isometric handgrip exercise and metaboreflex activation with post exercise circulatory occlusion was examined before and after 40-minutes of intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia (IHH). Study 2: Baroreflex control and neural recruitment strategies of sympathetic action potential (AP) clusters that mediate sympathetic long-term facilitation (sLTF) following 20-minutes isocapnic hypoxia was investigated. Study 3A: The influence of sympathetic APs on signal-averaged sympathetic transduction of arterial pressure during and after 20-minutes isocapnic hypoxia was quantified. Study 3B: Within-breath modulation of sympathetic transduction of total vascular conductance (TVC) was assessed at rest. Results and Conclusions: Study 1 showed that following IHH, sympathetic responses to exercise and metaboreflex activation were preserved despite overall increases in resting MSNA and arterial pressure. Study 2 demonstrated that hypoxia-induced sLTF is mediated by baroreflex resetting of AP clusters to higher operating points, reduced asynchronous AP firing, and increased contribution from large-amplitude APs. Study 3A revealed that sympathetic transduction of arterial pressure was blunted during hypoxia and remained diminished in early recovery. Furthermore, asynchronous APs attenuate arterial pressure reductions at rest compared with no AP activity. Study 3B showed that TVC reductions were greatest during expiration and low lung volumes. These results advance our fundamental understanding of how neural reflex activation affects sympathetic control of blood pressure and elucidate mechanisms of hypoxia-induced hypertension.
Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas in children
Creators: name: Sinobol Chusilp
name: Katawaetee Decharuna
name: Paisarn Vejchapipata
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas, children, pancreatectomy

description: Chulalongkorn Medical Journal, 65, 1, 081-086
Characterizing Neutral Modes of Fractional States in the Second Landau Level
Creators: name: Dolev, M.
name: Gross, Y.
name: Sabo, R.
name: Gurman, I.
name: Heiblum, M.
name: Umansky, V.
name: Mahalu, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasiparticles, which obey non abelian statistics, were predicted to exist in different physical systems, but are yet to be observed directly. Possible candidate states, which are expected to support such quasiparticles, are the ν=8/3, ν=5/2 and ν=7/3 fractional quantum Hall states (in the second Landau level). The non abelian quasiparticles are expected to carry charge and a unique form of a chiral neutral edge mode. Recent measurements in the ν=5/2 state detected quasiparticle charge e/4 and an upstream (opposite to charge transport) chiral neutral mode; both agreeing with a non abelian anti-Pfaffian state; although not excluding the possibility of edge reconstruction as the source for the detected upstream neutral mode and a different type of state. Here we present results of detailed measurements of charge and neutral modes in the main three quantum Hall states of the second Landau level. For the ν=8/3 state we found a quasiparticle charge e/3 and an upstream neutral mode - excluding the possibility of a non abelian Read-Rezayi state and supporting a Laughlin-like state. Such exclusion holds for the hole-conjugate ν=7/3 state as well, in which no upstream neutral mode was detected. This also proves that edge reconstruction was not present in the ν=7/3 state, suggesting its absence also in ν=5/2 state and thus supporting further the non abelian anti Pfaffian state.
Theoretical Calculation of Shrinking and Stretching in Bond Structure of Monolayer Graphite Flake via Hole Doping Treatment
Creators: name: Ozsoy, Osman
name: Harigaya, Kikuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper deals with the physics of monolayer graphite, with a particular focus on the electronics and structural properties. In contrast to the previous electronic band structure of doped single-walled carbon nanotube calculation, where just a ballistic graphite plate is considered, here for the carbon bonds length alteration is calculated in terms of hole doping. It is found that doped holes play crucial roles on the bond structure compared to that obtained no doping configurations and it changes as hole doping increasing.
description: 23 pages, to be published in Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience
Phonon number quantum jumps in an optomechanical system
Creators: name: Gangat, A. A.
name: Stace, T. M.
name: Milburn, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an optomechanical system in which the mean phonon number of a single mechanical mode conditionally displaces the amplitude of the optical field. Using homodyne detection of the output field we establish the conditions under which phonon number quantum jumps can be inferred from the measurement record: both the cavity damping rate and the measurement rate of the phonon number must be much greater than the thermalization rate of the mechanical mode. We present simulations of the conditional dynamics of the measured system using the stochastic master equation. In the good-measurement limit, the conditional evolution of the mean phonon number shows quantum jumps as phonons enter and exit the mechanical resonator via the bath.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures. minor revisions since first version
Hemidactylus undetermined
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Squamata
Sauria
Gekkonidae
Hemidactylus
Hemidactylus undetermined

description: * Hemidactylus sp.
(muriceus Pet. juv.?)
Kamerun v. H. Dr. Passavant. [1]
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on page 709, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
title: Freie Universität Berlin, 1948 - 1973
title: Hochschule im Umbruch
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: FU-Dokumentation
subject: Studentenbewegung
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::378 Hochschulbildung

description: Die FU-Dokumentation ist die umfangreichste Quellensammlung zur Studentenbewegung und zur hochschulpolitischen Thematik in dieser Zeit. Und sie hat -dies sei aus der Erfahrung von 30 Jahren gesagt -sowohl als Quellenwerk wie aufgrund ihres detaillierten Chronikteils (zumindest an bundesdeutschen Forschungsinstitutionen) die Funktion eines unentbehrlichen Orientierungs- und Nachschlagewerkes für den gesamten Forschungszweig übernommen, dies nach übereinstimmender Beurteilung aller Rezensenten.
Additional file 8 of Z-ligustilide preferentially caused mitochondrial dysfunction in AML HL-60 cells by activating nuclear receptors NUR77 and NOR1
Creators: name: Liu, Gen
name: Chen, Zhi-gang
name: Yang, Li-rong
name: Rong, Yu-xia
name: Wang, Qin
name: Li, Li
name: Lu, Qian-wei
name: Jiang, Ming-dong
name: Qi, Hong-yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Fig. S2. Z-LIG induced mitochondrial division in HL-60 cells.
On Urn Models, Non-commutativity and Operator Normal Forms
Creators: name: Blasiak, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Non-commutativity is ubiquitous in mathematical modeling of reality and in many cases same algebraic structures are implemented in different situations. Here we consider the canonical commutation relation of quantum theory and discuss a simple urn model of the latter. It is shown that enumeration of urn histories provides a faithful realization of the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra. Drawing on this analogy we demonstrate how the operator normal forms facilitate counting of histories via generating functions, which in turn yields an intuitive combinatorial picture of the ordering procedure itself.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
INTRAVENOUS OSTEOPOROSIS MEDICATION ADHERENCE
Creators: name: Bogdanich, Colleen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Non-adherence to osteoporosis medications can be as high as 50%. Increasing medication adherence rates to osteoporosis drugs can ultimately reduce fragility fracture rates and decrease the financial and quality of life burdens that ensue. In 2012, specialized nurse practitioners from a southern California ambulatory care clinic of a large health care maintenance organization began ordering an annual intravenous osteoporosis medication in an attempt to increase adherence. However, there was no consistent reminder system to ensure that patients prescribed the drug were aware when subsequent doses were due. Following a literature review, a quality improvement project began to systematize patient reminders. An electronic reminder that was already embedded in the current electronic medical record system led to the nurse practitioners using the “Remind Me” function to notify the prescriber the subsequent dose of medication was due. At the time of the patient encounter when documenting in the medical record, an electronic reminder can be sent to the nurse practitioners that will be received 1 year later. The patient can then be notified that laboratory exams are due prior to the next medication infusion. In the previous 4 years (baseline), 277 patients received the drug zoledronic acid. Of these, 227 were females; 50 were males. The majority was between 61-89 years old. Most were Caucasian (68%); 40% had already sustained a fragility fracture. With the reminder system, the number of patients who had the osteoporosis medication ordered by nurse practitioners increased from 21% (years 2011-2013) to 54% iv in 2014 (p < .001). The reminder function had been instituted in 91% of 2014 cases. There was a moderate positive correlation noted for patients who received a second infusion; they were more likely to have a third infusion (r = .532, n = 48, p < .001). The use of the reminder system is continuing to be used when nurse practitioners order the drug. It creates a more efficient mechanism than written reminders or going through lists. The reminder is sent to all nurse practitioners, and they collaborate in communicating with the patients. The use of an electronic reminder system such as the one implemented can help to address forgetfulness, which is one of the leading causes of medication non-adherence. Nurse practitioners need to be a continued presence in investigating issues related to medication non-adherence and in developing mechanisms to assist patients in remembering to take their medications.
Characterizing arguments about endocrine disruptors and human health
Creators: name: Green, Georgia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Scientific controversies surrounding complex questions of societal concern are at times invoked as reasons to delay policy action. Previous research suggests there are different and potentially irreconcilable ways of knowing in the sciences. The aim of the present study is to explore if distinct arguments can a) be detected in scientific literature about endocrine disruptors in relation to human health and, b) are rooted in different perceptions of the types of knowledge considered reliable, relevant, and valuable for informing chemicals risk assessment. The analysis led to the identification of a series of arguments that differed in their starting points, the type of inferences they claim can be drawn from certain evidence, the amount of evidence needed to draw a conclusion and the research questions that ought to be answered. The arguments placed different weights on methods commonly used for evaluating the link between EDs and human health, including mechanistic studies, epidemiological studies and animal studies. The present study suggests that policy relevant debates are happening in ED scientific literature. The findings also indicate that the operation of chemical regulatory systems to some extent dictate the knowledge being produced in the literature because findings are being developed with policy applications in mind, although this could be a pragmatic approach for scientists to ensure their work is compatible for the existing policy operations.
Volunteer Activities in the Italian Regions during the Period 2005 and 2022
Creators: name: Leogrande, Angelo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Istat calculates the value of volunteer activities. The variable is defined as people aged 14 and over who have carried out free activities for associations or voluntary groups in the last 12 months out of the total number of people aged 14 and over. The data refers to the Italian regions between 2005 and 2022.
Understanding of prognosis in non-metastatic prostate cancer: a randomised comparative study of clinician estimates measured against the PREDICT prostate prognostic model.
Creators: name: Thurtle, David
name: Jenkins, Valerie
name: Pharoah, Paul
name: Gnanapragasam, Vincent
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Humans
Prostatic Neoplasms
Prognosis
Nomograms
Risk Assessment
Random Allocation
Survival
Nurse Clinicians
Male
Clinical Decision-Making
Medical Overuse
Oncologists
Urologists

description: PREDICT Prostate is an individualised prognostic model that provides long-term survival estimates for men diagnosed with non-metastatic prostate cancer ( www.prostate.predict.nhs.uk ). In this study clinician estimates of survival were compared against model predictions and its potential value as a clinical tool was assessed. Prostate cancer (PCa) specialists were invited to participate in the study. 190 clinicians (63% urologists, 17% oncologists, 20% other) were randomised into two groups and shown 12 clinical vignettes through an online portal. Each group viewed opposing vignettes with clinical information alone, or alongside PREDICT Prostate estimates. 15-year clinician survival estimates were compared against model predictions and reported treatment recommendations with and without seeing PREDICT estimates were compared. 155 respondents (81.6%) reported counselling new PCa patients at least weekly. Clinician estimates of PCa-specific mortality exceeded PREDICT estimates in 10/12 vignettes. Their estimates for treatment survival benefit at 15 years were over-optimistic in every vignette, with mean clinician estimates more than 5-fold higher than PREDICT Prostate estimates. Concomitantly seeing PREDICT Prostate estimates led to significantly lower reported likelihoods of recommending radical treatment in 7/12 (58%) vignettes, particularly in older patients. These data suggest clinicians overestimate cancer-related mortality and radical treatment benefit. Using an individualised prognostic tool may help reduce overtreatment.
SWIFT-BAT observations of the recently discovered magnetar SGR 0501+4516
Creators: name: Kumar, Harsha S.
name: Ibrahim, Alaa. I.
name: Safi-Harb, Samar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results on the Soft Gamma Repeater (SGR) 0501+4516, discovered by the SWIFT Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on 2008 August 22. More than 50 bursts were identified from this source, out of which 18 bursts had enough counts to carry out spectral analysis. We performed time-averaged spectral analysis on these 18 bursts using 8 models, among which the cut-off powerlaw and the two-blackbody models provided the best fit in the 15-150 keV energy range. The cut-off powerlaw model fit yields a mean photon index Gamma_{CPL} = 0.54+/-0.11 and a cut-off energy E_C = 19.1+/-1.8 keV for the bursts. The mean hard and soft blackbody temperatures are found to be kT_{BB_h} = 12.8+/-0.7 keV and kT_{BB_s} = 4.6+/-0.5 keV, respectively, and are anti-correlated with the square of the radii of the hard and soft emitting regions (R_{BB_h} and R_{BB_s}) as R_{BB_h}^2 $\propto$ kT^{-5.8} and R_{BB_s}^2 $\propto$ kT^{-2.7}, respectively. The soft and hard component temperatures with different indices support the idea of two distinct emitting regions with the hard component corresponding to a smaller radius and the soft component corresponding to a larger radius, which further corroborate the idea of the propagation of extraordinary (E) and ordinary (O) mode photons across the photosphere, as predicted in the magnetar model. We notice strong burst fluence-duration correlation as well as hardness ratio-duration and hardness ratio-fluence anti-correlations for the SGR 0501+4516 bursts. The burst fluences range from ~ 4.4\times10^{-9} ergs/cm^-2 to ~ 2.7\times10^{-6} ergs/cm^{-2}, consistent with those observed for typical short SGR bursts.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
title: A Language Learning and Teaching Journey: Practicalities and Possibilities
Creators: name: Abell, Elizabeth Irene
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Within this portfolio, the reader will find the work that the author has completed over the two years in the Master of Second Language Teaching (MSLT) program at Utah State University and a demonstration of her professional growth as an instructor over this period of time. The first major part is teaching philosophy, in which the author discusses: the experiences as a student that have shaped her as a teacher, the various teaching contexts in which she may work in the future, her personal philosophy of language teaching shaped by what she has learned in the MSLT program, and the lessons learned from observing her own and others' classrooms.
The second part is comprised of three artifacts written throughout the program which explore topics inspired by the everyday practicalities of language teaching. The first artifact explores student first language use in the immersion classroom and applying an understanding of this phenomenon to the foreign language classroom. The second artifact discusses vocabulary acquisition through writing tasks and concludes with a research study proposal to better understand how different language scripts may affect vocabulary acquisition. The third artifact delves into the topic of teaching second-person pronouns (tu and vous) in the French as a foreign language classroom; the author here offers a lesson plan for teaching this nuanced aspect of francophone interaction. The portfolio concludes with three annotated bibliographies which further support the teaching philosophy in addressing three other practical aspects of language teaching: the communicative language teaching approach, motivation and anxiety in the foreign language classroom, and culture teaching with technology.
The missing link: Merging neutron stars naturally produce jet-like structures and can power short Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Rezzolla, Luciano
name: Giacomazzo, Bruno
name: Baiotti, Luca
name: Granot, Jonathan
name: Kouveliotou, Chryssa
name: Aloy, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Short Gamma-Ray Bursts (SGRBs) are among the most luminous explosions in the universe, releasing in less than one second the energy emitted by our Galaxy over one year. Despite decades of observations, the nature of their "central-engine" remains unknown. Considering a binary of magnetized neutron stars and solving Einstein equations, we show that their merger results in a rapidly spinning black hole surrounded by a hot and highly magnetized torus. Lasting over 35 ms and much longer than previous simulations, our study reveals that magnetohydrodynamical instabilities amplify an initially turbulent magnetic field of ~ 10^{12} G to produce an ordered poloidal field of ~ 10^{15} G along the black-hole spin-axis, within a half-opening angle of ~ 30 deg, which may naturally launch a relativistic jet. The broad consistency of our ab-initio calculations with SGRB observations shows that the merger of magnetized neutron stars can provide the basic physical conditions for the central-engine of SGRBs.
description: minor changes; matches published version in ApJL; for high-resolution images and animations see http://numrel.aei.mpg.de/images/relativistic-binary-neutron-star-inspirals
The Common Impact Data Standard V1.1
Creators: name: Fox, Mark
name: Ruff, Kate
name: Chowdhury, Anshula
name: Gajderowicz, Bart
name: Abdulai, Tawfiq
name: Zhang, Jane
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Social Impact Measurement
Data Ontology

description: The Common Impact Data Standard (CIDS) enables the exchange of impact information between organizations regardless of the impact models being used. The Common Impact Data Standard is a way to represent impact as defined by the Impact Management Project. We understand Impact as a change in outcomes to people and the planet. To represent impact, the Common Impact Data Standard represents the five dimensions: what, who, how much, contribution and risk. In addition, The Common Impact Data Standard represents Impact Models. We use impact models as a general term to describe a family of similar relational maps such as Logic model, Logical Framework Analysis, Theory of Change, Outcome Chain, Impact Map and Outcomes Map. CIDS also represents the processes by which a Social Purpose Organization delivers Outcomes to its Stakeholders. We call this the sixth dimension: How.
title: A Language Learning and Teaching Journey: Practicalities and Possibilities
Creators: name: Abell, Elizabeth Irene
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: Within this portfolio, the reader will find the work that the author has completed over the last two years in the Master of Second Language Teaching (MSLT) program at Utah State University and a demonstration of her professional growth as an instructor over this period of time. The first major part is the teaching philosophy, in which the author discusses: the experiences as a student that have shaped her as a teacher, the various teaching contexts in which she may work in the future, her personal philosophy of language teaching shaped by what she has learned in the MSLT program, and the lessons learned from observing her own and others' classrooms.
The second part is comprised of three artifacts written throughout the program which explore topics inspired by the everyday practicalities of language teaching. The first artifact explores student first language use in the immersion classroom and applying an understanding of this phenomenon to the foreign language classroom. The second artifact discusses vocabulary acquisition through writing tasks and concludes with a research study proposal to better understand how different language scripts may affect vocabulary acquisition. The third artifact delves into the topic of teaching second-person pronouns (tu and vous) in the French as a foreign language classroom; the author here offers a lesson plan for teaching this nuanced aspect of francophone interaction. The portfolio concludes with three annotated bibliographies which further support the teaching philosophy in addressing three other practical aspects of language teaching: the communicative language teaching approach, motivation and anxiety in the foreign language classroom, and culture teaching with technology.
title: The Politics of Proselytizing: Europe after 1848 and the Development of Mormon Pre-Millenialism
Creators: name: Bury, Jacob G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: In the second year of his reign as King of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, Nebuchadnezzar II dreamt of a large stone that rolled down the side of a mountain, shattered a great metallic statue, and grew into a mountain range large enough to cover the earth. The accomplished ruler, who went on to oversee the construction of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, as well as the destruction of Jerusalem’s Jewish temple, was no revelator, and so enlisted Daniel, an exiled Jew, to interpret his dream. According to Daniel, the statue, divided into five parts from head to toe, portrayed mankind’s present and future kingdoms. The last, represented by the statue’s iron and clay feet, would be “a divided kingdom.” Unable to unify, “the kingdom will be partly strong and partly brittle. . . . [T]he people will be a mixture and will not remain united, any more than iron mixes with clay.”1 Once all five kingdoms had matured and fallen, God’s kingdom, the large, rolling stone, would destroy all vestiges of temporal rule and establish governance over the earth until the end of time. To the Old Testament king, Daniel’s interpretation meant little; to future religious groups, and especially for members of the early Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons), Nebuchadnezzar’s dream served as a clear roadmap to the millennium.
Two-Centered Magical Charge Orbits
Creators: name: Andrianopoli, L.
name: D'Auria, R.
name: Ferrara, S.
name: Marrani, A.
name: Trigiante, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the two-centered generic charge orbits of magical N = 2 and maximal N = 8 supergravity theories in four dimensions. These orbits are classified by seven U-duality invariant polynomials, which group together into four invariants under the horizontal symmetry group SL(2,R). These latter are expected to disentangle different physical properties of the two-centered black-hole system. The invariant with the lowest degree in charges is the symplectic product (Q1,Q2), known to control the mutual non-locality of the two centers.
description: 1+17 pages, 1 Table; v2: Eq. (3.23) corrected; v3: various refinements in text and formulae, caption of Table 1 expanded, Footnote and Refs. added. To appear on JHEP
A CULTURALLY SENSITIVE PROVIDER SCRIPT FOR USE WITH HYPERTENSIVE CHINESE AMERICANS
Creators: name: Ju-An Broyles
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Hypertension (HTN) rates in Chinese Americans are as high as that of the general population. Non-adherence to medication and the need for life modifications challenge providers and patients in HTN management. With the goal of increased adherence to treatment regimens, a culturally sensitive communication script was developed for healthcare providers. A qualitative design was adopted to collect content for the communication script. The bilingual investigator interviewed eight Chinese patients and seven healthcare providers. The interview data revealed barriers to HTN treatment adherence: initial mistrust of the health care system and health care providers, reliance on the use of traditional Chinese medicine and natural remedies, apprehension about adverse effects of Western medications, the influence of traditional Chinese proverbs and sayings, cultural characteristics of conforming to norms, and beliefs of stress and burden of livelihood as a cause for HTN. A trusting provider-patient relationship, with the adoption of identified motivating factors such as the patient’s responsibilities for family and negative consequences from uncontrolled HTN, help to increase patient adherence to the medication plan. Study implications include communication between providers and patients that include the patient’s health beliefs and disease management preferences in addition to delivering pathophysiological facts and information about medication treatment of HTN. Using the culturally sensitive communication script developed for this project may help providers to motivate Chinese American patients to adopt healthy behaviors in HTN management.
Observation of re-entrant spin glass behavior in (Ce1-xErx)Fe2 compounds
Creators: name: Haldar, Arabinda
name: Suresh, K. G.
name: Nigam, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clear experimental evidence of re-entrant spin glass state has been revealed in Er doped CeFe2 compounds. The zero field cooled - field cooled bifurcation in dc magnetization, frequency dependence of freezing temperature, relaxation in zero field cooled magnetization and presence of large remanence confirm the spin glass state in these compounds. Frequency dependence is found to follow the critical slowing down mechanism. The random substitution of Er and the change in the valence state of Ce along with an enhancement of the ferromagnetic component in the Fe sublattice seem to be responsible for the spin glass state. Using detailed experimental protocols, we also prove that the low temperature state in these compounds is not a magnetic glass. The absence of exchange bias gives an indication that there is no coexistence of ferromagnetism and spin glass state in these compounds. The RSG state is found to be associated with the randomly magnetized clusters instead of atomic level randomness.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
Stabilising EMU and Shaping its Social Dimension: A Case for a European Unemployment Benefits Scheme. Revue ECU/EURO, N°51 (2017)
Creators: name: Repasi, René
Publisher: name: RESuME
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Economic and Monetary Union
subject: Union économique et monétaire
subject: European Unemployment Benefits Scheme
subject: Système européen d'allocation chômage
subject: Optimum Currency Area
subject: Zone monétaire optimale
subject: Fiscal capacity
subject: Capacité budgétaire
subject: Shock absorption
subject: Absorption des chocs
subject: Social Dimension
subject: Dimension sociale

description: Monetary policy and fiscal policy form the two principle means, by which governments can influence economic developments. Monetary policy instruments affect the nominal levels of prices for goods and services as of wages denominated in a given currency. Fiscal policy instruments have, according to Keynesian economics, an impact on the aggregate demand. Assume now[^1] that, first, two countries form a currency union, in which monetary policy is supranationalised and fiscal policy remains in the national competence, that, second, there is a shift of demand from one country to the other one and that, third, wages and prices cannot be reduced in the short term. In such a situation unemployment rises in the one country whilst there is inflation pressure in the other. Supranationalised monetary policy instruments can now only aggravate the problem since a decrease in money supply would result into higher unemployment rates in the one country whereas an increase in money supply would intensify the inflationary pressure in the other country. Fiscal policy measures must now also undertake tasks previously assumed by monetary policy instruments.
Quantification of deviations from rationality with heavy-tails in human dynamics
Creators: name: Maillart, Thomas
name: Sornette, Didier
name: Frei, Stefan
name: Duebendorfer, Thomas
name: Saichev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of technological, economic and social phenomena is controlled by how humans organize their daily tasks in response to both endogenous and exogenous stimulations. Queueing theory is believed to provide a generic answer to account for the often observed power-law distributions of waiting times before a task is fulfilled. However, the general validity of the power law and the nature of other regimes remain unsettled. Using anonymized data collected by Google at the World Wide Web level, we identify the existence of several additional regimes characterizing the time required for a population of Internet users to execute a given task after receiving a message. Depending on the under- or over-utilization of time by the population of users and the strength of their response to perturbations, the pure power law is found to be coextensive with an exponential regime (tasks are performed without too much delay) and with a crossover to an asymptotic plateau (some tasks are never performed). The characterization of the availability and efficiency of humans on their actions revealed by our study have important consequences to understand human decision-making, optimal designs of policies such as for Internet security, with spillovers to collective behaviors, crowds dynamics, and social epidemics.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Spectral imaging of the Sagittarius B2 region in multiple 7-mm molecular lines
Creators: name: Jones, P. A.
name: Burton, M. G.
name: Tothill, N. F. H.
name: Cunningham, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have undertaken a spectral-line imaging survey of a 6 x 6 arcmin^2 area around Sgr B2 near the centre of the Galaxy, in the range from 30 to 50 GHz, using the Mopra telescope. The spatial resolution varies from 1.0 to 1.4 arcmin and the spectral resolution from 1.6 to 2.7 km s^-1 over the frequency range. We present velocity-integrated emission images for 47 lines: 38 molecular lines and 9 radio recombination lines. There are significant differences between the distributions of different molecules, in part due to spatial differences in chemical abundance across the complex. For example, HNCO and HOCO^+ are found preferentially in the north cloud, and CH_2NH near Sgr B2 (N). Some of the differences between lines are due to excitation differences, as shown by the 36.17 and 44.07 GHz lines of CH_3OH, which have maser emission, compared to the 48.37 GHz line of CH_3OH. Other major differences in integrated molecular line distribution are due to absorption of the 7-mm free-free continuum emission (spatially traced by the radio recombination line emission) by cool intervening molecular material, causing a central dip in the molecular line distributions. These line distribution similarities and differences have been statistically described by principal component analysis (PCA), and interpreted in terms of simple Sgr B2 physical components of the cooler, lower density envelope, and dense, hot cores Sgr B2 (N), (M) and (S).
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables, accepted by MNRAS
Room-temperature Tunable Fano Resonance by Chemical Doping in Few-layer Graphene Synthesized by Chemical Vapor Deposition
Creators: name: Liu, Zhihong
name: Lu, Xiaoxiang
name: Peng, Peng
name: Wu, Wei
name: Pei, Steven
name: Yu, Qingkai
name: Bao, Jiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Fano-like phonon resonance is observed in few-layer (~3) graphene at room temperature using infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. This Fano resonance is the manifestation of a strong electron-phonon interaction between the discrete in-plane lattice vibrational mode and continuum electronic excitations in graphene. By employing ammonia chemical doping, we have obtained different Fano line shapes ranging from anti-resonance in hole-doped graphene to phonon-dominated in n-type graphene. The Fano resonance shows the strongest interference feature when the Fermi level is located near the Dirac point. The charged phonon exhibits much-enhanced oscillator strength and experiences a continuous red shift in frequency as electron density increases. It is suggested that the phonon couples to different electronic transitions as Fermi level is tuned by chemical doping.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Fundamental Properties of the Layer Below a Payment Channel Network
Creators: name: Grundmann, Matthias
name: Hartenstein, Hannes
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2020
Subjects: Payment Channel Networks
Bitcoin
First Layer
Second Layer
Lightning Network
Off-Chain
Blockchain
Payment

description: Payment channel networks are a highly discussed approach for improving scalability of cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. As they allow processing transactions off-chain, payment channel networks are referred to as second layer technology, while the blockchain is the first layer. We uncouple payment channel networks from blockchains and look at them as first-class citizens. This brings up the question what model payment channel networks require as first layer. In response, we formalize a model (called RFL model) for a first layer below a payment channel network. While transactions are globally made available by a blockchain, the RFL model only provides the reduced property that a transaction is delivered to the users being affected by a transaction. We show that the reduced model’s properties still suffice to implement payment channels. By showing that the RFL model can not only be instantiated by the Bitcoin blockchain but also by trusted third parties like banks, we show that the reduction widens the design space for the first layer. Further, we show that the stronger property provided by blockchains allows for optimizations that can be used to reduce the time for locking collateral during payments over multiple hops in a payment channel network.
Hot gas haloes around disc galaxies: O VII column densities from galaxy formation simulations
Creators: name: Ntormousi, Evangelia
name: Sommer-Larsen, Jesper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical models of disc galaxy formation predict the existence of extended, hot ( T~10^6 K) gas haloes around present day spirals. The X-ray luminosity of these haloes is predicted to increase strongly with galaxy mass. However, searches for their X-ray emission have not been successful so far. We calculate the all sky O VII column density distributions for the haloes of three Milky Way like disc galaxies, resulting from cosmological high-resolution, N-body/gasdynamical simulations. We perform calculations both including the disc gas and without it, so the disc contribution to the column density is quantified. It is found that the column densities estimated for Milky Way-like galaxies are just below the observational upper limit, making a test of the hot halo paradigm likely within observational reach.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
An Initial Mass Function for Individual Stars in Galactic Disks: I. Constraining the Shape of the IMF
Creators: name: Parravano, Antonio
name: McKee, Christopher F.
name: Hollenbach, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a semi-empirical galactic initial mass function (IMF) from observational constraints. We assume that the star formation rate in a galaxy can be expressed as the product of the IMF, $ψ(m)$, which is a smooth function of mass $m$ (in units of \msun), and a time- and space-dependent total rate of star formation per unit area of galactic disk. The mass dependence of the proposed IMF is determined by five parameters: the low-mass slope $γ$, the high-mass slope $-Γ$, the characteristic mass $m_{ch}$ (which is close to the mass $m_{\rm peak}$ at which the IMF turns over), and the lower and upper limits on the mass, $m_l$ (taken to be 0.004) and $m_u$ (taken to be 120). The star formation rate in terms of number of stars per unit area of galactic disk per unit logarithmic mass interval, is proportional to $m^{-Γ} \left\{1-\exp\left[{-(m/m_{ch})^{γ+Γ}}\right]\right\}$, where $\cal N_*$ is the number of stars, $m_l
description: 46 pages, 8 figures, submitted to ApJ