cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Communication links, Productivity, knowledge transfers, growth and income distribution
Creators: name: Nigo, Ayine
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2018

description: In this study, we show that banking development, communication links, productivity and income distribution exert a statistically and economically significant positive impact on local economic growth. This effect becomes more pronounced when the financial sector is more liberalized and deregulated. Preceded by the global changes that occurred since the mid-1980s and 1990s, the world has seen continued economic liberalization, increasing privatization and gradual loosening of credit/capital controls by states. The lifting of state controls in the banking sector in the 1980s and 1990s, created a more integrated and competitive financial industry ensuring efficient allocation of bank credits to productive areas. The economic thinking behind all this is that the financial entities, functioning under liberalized monetary regimes operate at higher levels of efficiency and productivity. Productivity improvements may result from different sources, yet the notion that the private sector’s intention to maximize profit leads to productivity improvement is one of the fundamental ones. Put it differently; a deregulated financial system is viewed as an appealing society to invest. Using data from 14 Sub Saharan African Countries (SSA), we examined the growth effects of banking development, communication links, productivity and income distribution over the period 1990 – 2013. We find evidence of significant growth effects of banking development in SSA on industrial components of GDP. Growth in agricultural GDP is positive but not significant.
Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of GaN homoepitaxy on c- and m-plane surfaces
Creators: name: Xu, Dongwei
name: Zapol, Peter
name: Stephenson, G. Brian
name: Thompson, Carol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface orientation can have profound effects on the atomic-scale processes of crystal growth, and is essential to such technologies as GaN-based light-emitting diodes and high-power electronics. We investigate the dependence of homoepitaxial growth mechanisms on the surface orientation of a hexagonal crystal using kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. To model GaN metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy, in which N species are supplied in excess, only Ga atoms on a hexagonal close-packed (HCP) lattice are considered. The results are thus potentially applicable to any HCP material. Growth behaviors on c-plane ${(0 0 0 1)}$ and m-plane ${(0 1 \overline{1} 0)}$ surfaces are compared. We present a reciprocal space analysis of the surface morphology, which allows extraction of growth mode boundaries and direct comparison with surface X-ray diffraction experiments. For each orientation we map the boundaries between 3-dimensional, layer-by-layer, and step flow growth modes as a function of temperature and growth rate. Two models for surface diffusion are used, which produce different effective Ehrlich-Schwoebel step-edge barriers, and different adatom diffusion anisotropies on m-plane surfaces. Simulation results in agreement with observed GaN island morphologies and growth mode boundaries are obtained. These indicate that anisotropy of step edge energy, rather than adatom diffusion, is responsible for the elongated islands observed on m-plane surfaces. Island nucleation spacing obeys a power-law dependence on growth rate, with exponents of -0.24 and -0.29 for m- and c-plane, respectively.
description: 30 pages, 40 figures
A Review of Deep Transfer Learning and Recent Advancements
Creators: name: Iman, Mohammadreza
name: Rasheed, Khaled
name: Arabnia, Hamid R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning has been the answer to many machine learning problems during the past two decades. However, it comes with two major constraints: dependency on extensive labeled data and training costs. Transfer learning in deep learning, known as Deep Transfer Learning (DTL), attempts to reduce such dependency and costs by reusing an obtained knowledge from a source data/task in training on a target data/task. Most applied DTL techniques are network/model-based approaches. These methods reduce the dependency of deep learning models on extensive training data and drastically decrease training costs. As a result, researchers detected Covid-19 infection on chest X-Rays with high accuracy at the beginning of the pandemic with minimal data using DTL techniques. Also, the training cost reduction makes DTL viable on edge devices with limited resources. Like any new advancement, DTL methods have their own limitations, and a successful transfer depends on some adjustments for different scenarios. In this paper, we review the definition and taxonomy of deep transfer learning and well-known methods. Then we investigate the DTL approaches by reviewing recent applied DTL techniques in the past five years. Further, we review some experimental analyses of DTLs to learn the best practice for applying DTL in different scenarios. Moreover, the limitations of DTLs (catastrophic forgetting dilemma and overly biased pre-trained models) are discussed, along with possible solutions and research trends.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Diversity Enhancement via Magnitude
Creators: name: Huntsman, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.6
subject: 90-08

description: Promoting and maintaining diversity of candidate solutions is a key requirement of evolutionary algorithms in general and multi-objective evolutionary algorithms in particular. In this paper, we use the recently developed theory of magnitude to construct a gradient flow and similar notions that systematically manipulate finite subsets of Euclidean space to enhance their diversity, and apply the ideas in service of multi-objective evolutionary algorithms. We demonstrate diversity enhancement on benchmark problems using leading algorithms, and discuss extensions of the framework.
From Discrimination to Generation: Knowledge Graph Completion with Generative Transformer
Creators: name: Xie, Xin
name: Zhang, Ningyu
name: Li, Zhoubo
name: Deng, Shumin
name: Chen, Hui
name: Xiong, Feiyu
name: Chen, Mosha
name: Chen, Huajun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge graph completion aims to address the problem of extending a KG with missing triples. In this paper, we provide an approach GenKGC, which converts knowledge graph completion to sequence-to-sequence generation task with the pre-trained language model. We further introduce relation-guided demonstration and entity-aware hierarchical decoding for better representation learning and fast inference. Experimental results on three datasets show that our approach can obtain better or comparable performance than baselines and achieve faster inference speed compared with previous methods with pre-trained language models. We also release a new large-scale Chinese knowledge graph dataset AliopenKG500 for research purpose. Code and datasets are available in https://github.com/zjunlp/PromptKG/tree/main/GenKGC.
description: Accepted by WWW 2022 Poster
Statistical analysis of low rank tomography with compressive random measurements
Creators: name: Acharya, Anirudh
name: Guta, Madalin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the statistical problem of `compressive' estimation of low rank states with random basis measurements, where the estimation error is expressed terms of two metrics - the Frobenius norm and quantum infidelity. It is known that unlike the case of general full state tomography, low rank states can be identified from a reduced number of observables' expectations. Here we investigate whether for a fixed sample size $N$, the estimation error associated to a `compressive' measurement setup is `close' to that of the setting where a large number of bases are measured. In terms of the Frobenius norm, we demonstrate that for all states the error attains the optimal rate $rd/N$ with only $O(r \log{d})$ random basis measurements. We provide an illustrative example of a single qubit and demonstrate a concentration in the Frobenius error about its optimal for all qubit states. In terms of the quantum infidelity, we show that such a concentration does not exist uniformly over all states. Specifically, we show that for states that are nearly pure and close to the surface of the Bloch sphere, the mean infidelity scales as $1/\sqrt{N}$ but the constant converges to zero as the number of settings is increased. This demonstrates a lack of `compressive' recovery for nearly pure states in this metric.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
On irreducible supersingular representations of $\mathrm{GL}_{2}(F)$
Creators: name: Sheth, Mihir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E50, 11S37

description: Let $F$ be a non-archimedean local field of residual characteristic $p>3$ and residue degree $f>1$. We study a certain type of diagram, called \emph{cyclic diagrams}, and use them to show that the universal supersingular modules of $\mathrm{GL}_{2}(F)$ admit infinitely many non-isomorphic irreducible admissible quotients.
description: 11 pages
An efficient low-density grating setup for monochromatization of XUV ultrafast light sources
Creators: name: Guo, Qinda
name: Dendzik, Maciej
name: Berntsen, Magnus H.
name: Grubišić-Čabo, Antonija
name: Li, Cong
name: Chen, Wanyu
name: Wang, Yang
name: Tjernberg, Oscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast light sources have become an indispensable tool to access and understand transient phenomenon in material science. However, a simple and easy-to-implement method for harmonic selection, with high transmission efficiency and pulse duration conservation, is still a challenge. Here we showcase and compare two approaches for selecting the desired harmonic from a high harmonic generation source while achieving the above goals. The first approach is the combination of extreme ultraviolet spherical mirrors with transmission filters and the second approach uses a normal-incidence spherical grating. Both solutions target time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with photon energies in the 10-20 eV range but are relevant for other experimental techniques as well. The two approaches for harmonic selection are characterized in terms of focusing quality, efficiency, and temporal broadening. It is demonstrated that a focusing grating is able to provide much higher transmission as compared to the mirror+filter approach (3.3 times higher for 10.8 eV and 12.9 times higher for 18.1 eV), with only a slight temporal broadening (6.8% increase) and a somewhat larger spot size (~30% increase). Overall, our study establishes an experimental perspective on the trade-off between a single grating normal incidence monochromator design and the use of filters. As such, it provides a basis for selecting the most appropriate approach in various fields where an easy-to-implement harmonic selection from high harmonic generation is needed.
Association rule mining aggregate data in data warehouses
Creators: name: Tjioe, Haorianto Cokrowijoyo.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Sea of Majorana fermions from pseudo-scalar superconducting order in three dimensional Dirac materials
Creators: name: Salehi, Morteza
name: Jafari, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that singlet superconducting pairing can lead to Majorana fermions in three dimensional Dirac superconductors (3DDS) if the pairing order parameter is a pseudo-scalar, i.e. it changes sign under mirror reflection. The pseudo-scalar superconducting order parameter, $Δ_5$ can close and reopen the spectral gap caused by the scalar Dirac mass $m$ in a three-dimensional Dirac material (3DDM), giving rise to a two-dimensional Majorana sea (2DMS) at the plane of the gap kink. By bringing the Hamiltonian into a canonical form which then gives the winding number, we show that this system belongs to the DIII class of topological superconductors. We calculate the transport signature of 2DMS, namely a perfect Andreev-Klein transmission that manifests in a robust peak in the differential conductance. Further, we find the $4π$ periodicity in the $Δ_5|m|Δ_5$ Josephson junc- tions. Gauge transformed version of the present scenario implies that the interface of a conventional s-wave superconductor with a peculiar 3DDM whose mass is a pseudo-scalar, m5 also hosts a 2DMS.
Probing the Dynamics of Superradiant Quantum Phase Transition in a Single Trapped-Ion
Creators: name: Puebla, Ricardo
name: Hwang, Myung-Joong
name: Casanova, Jorge
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the quantum phase transition (QPT) of the Rabi model and critical dynamics near the QPT can be probed in the setup of a single trapped ion. We first show that there exists equilibrium and non-equilibrium universal functions of the Rabi model by finding a proper rescaling of the system parameters and observables. We then propose a scheme that can faithfully realize the Rabi model in the limit of a large ratio of the effective atomic transition frequency to the oscillator frequency using a single trapped-ion and therefore the QPT. It is demonstrated that the predicted universal functions can indeed be observed based on our scheme. Finally, the effects of realistic noise sources on probing the universal functions in experiments are examined.
description: Main text: 5 pages, 3 figures; supplemental material: 6 pages, 4 figures
Understanding the internal dynamics of elliptical galaxies without non-baryonic dark matter
Creators: name: Dabringhausen, J.
name: Kroupa, P.
name: Famaey, B.
name: Fellhauer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming virial equilibrium and Newtonian dynamics, low-mass early-type galaxies have larger velocity dispersions than expected from the amount of baryons they contain. The conventional interpretation of this finding is that their dynamics is dominated by non-baryonic matter. However, there is also strong evidence that many low-mass early-type galaxies formed as tidal dwarf galaxies, which would contain almost no dark matter. Using an extensive catalogue of early-type galaxies, we therefore discuss how the internal dynamics of early-type galaxies in general can be understood by replacing the assumption of non-baryonic dark matter with two alternative assumptions. The first assumption is that Milgromian dynamics (i.e., MOND) is valid, which changes the effective gravitational force in the weak-field limit. The second assumption is that binary stars affect the observed line-of-sight velocity dispersions. Some moderate discrepancies between observed and predicted velocity dispersions remain also when these effects are implemented. Nevertheless, the observed velocity dispersions in early-type galaxies can then easily be explained without invoking the presence of non-baryonic dark matter in them, but with already documented variations of the galaxy-wide stellar initial mass function and non-equilibrium dynamics in some of the low-mass early-type galaxies.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
MI-Sim: A MATLAB Package for the Numerical Analysis of Microbial Ecological Interactions
Creators: name: Wade, M. J.
name: Oakley, J.
name: Harbisher, S.
name: Parker, N. G.
name: Dolfing, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Food-webs and other classes of ecological network motifs, are a means of describing feeding relationships between consumers and producers in an ecosystem. They have application across scales where they differ only in the underlying characteristics of the organisms and substrates describing the system. Mathematical modelling, using mechanistic approaches to describe the dynamic behaviour and properties of the system through sets of ordinary differential equations, has been used extensively in ecology. Models allow simulation of the dynamics of the various motifs and their numerical analysis provides a greater understanding of the interplay between the system components and their intrinsic properties. We have developed the MI-Sim software for use with MATLAB to allow a rigorous and rapid numerical analysis of several common ecological motifs. MI-Sim contains a series of the most commonly used motifs such as cooperation, competition and predation. It does not require detailed knowledge of mathematical analytical techniques and is offered as a single graphical user interface containing all input and output options. The tools available in the current version of MI-Sim include model simulation, steady- state existence and stability analysis, and basin of attraction analysis. The software includes seven ecological interaction motifs and seven growth function models. Unlike other system analysis tools, MI-Sim is designed as a simple and user-friendly tool specific to ecological population type models, allowing for rapid assessment of their dynamical and behavioural properties.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Nonlinear Frequency Shift in Raman Backscattering and its Implications for Plasma Diagnostics
Creators: name: Kaganovich, D.
name: Hafizi, B.
name: Palastro, J. P.
name: Ting, A.
name: Helle, M. H.
name: Chen, Y. -H.
name: Jones, T. G.
name: Gordon, D. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Raman backscattered radiation of intense laser pulses in plasma is investigated for a wide range of intensities relevant to laser wakefield acceleration. The weakly nonlinear dispersion relation for Raman backscattering predicts an intensity and density dependent frequency shift that is opposite to that suggested by a simple relativistic consideration. This observation has been benchmarked against experimental results, providing a novel diagnostic for laser-plasma interactions.
Schrödinger cat states prepared by logical gate with non-Gaussian resource state: effect of finite squeezing and efficiency versus monotones
Creators: name: Baeva, A. V.
name: Sokolov, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum measurement-induced gate based on entanglement with ideal cubic phase state used as a non-Gaussian resource is able to produce Shrödinger cat state in the form of two high fidelity ``copies'' of the target state on phase plane [N.I. Masalaeva, I.V. Sokolov, Phys. Lett. A 424, 127846 (2022)]. In this work we examine the effect of finite initial squeezing of the resource state on the gate performance. We present exact solution for the gate output state and demonstrate that there exists a degree of squeezing, available in experiment, such that the output cat state quality almost does not impove with the further increase of squeezing. On the other hand, the probability of the expected ancilla measurement outcome decreases with squeezing. Since an overall efficiency of the conditional scheme should account for the probability of success, we argue that such measures of non-Gaussianity of the resource state as Wigner logarithmic negativiy and non-Gaussianity may not be directly applicable to assess the efficiency of non-Gaussian gates based on quantum entanglement and subsequent projective measurement.
Creating Mediated Cosmopolitanism? Global Media Flows and the Beijing Youth
Creators: name: Tang, Tiankai
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2018

description: This thesis aims to explore how the Chinese urban young generation experience different forms of cultural cosmopolitanism through the consumption of growing flows of de-territorialized media products – mainly, but not solely, US-led Western media products, including films and television programmes. It also examines how this generation is negotiating hybrid identities from the perspective of cultural cosmopolitanism, given their strong Chinese cultural influences and constant exposure and consumption of Western media products. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the research is designed to be an exploratory, though pioneering work, which also seeks a possible explanation as to what contributes to cultural cosmopolitanism. Drawing on a range of historical sources, the thesis throws light on the causes of cosmopolitanism within the Chinese context and relates it to stability and change in the social environment in China. The empirical part of the research mainly draws from qualitative focus groups and in-depth interviews with 45 Beijing youths, aged between 18 and 30 years, based on the criteria of age, gender, occupation, class, local/non-local and overseas experience. According to the analysis of the data thus collected, the processes that Chinese urban youth engage in while consuming foreign media products are far more complicated than what might be explained as the consequences of globalization. They show different degrees of openness towards foreign - mainly US-led Western media – products and their main motives for consuming these are entertainment, and the fact that such media content is considered of better quality than what is available domestically. During the viewing of such content, it was observed that the youths more or less experience the process of ‘dialogic imagination’. The thesis argues that Chinese urban youth experience a unique form of cosmopolitanism, characterized by self-centered and strategic engagement with foreign media products, consistent with a pattern of openness that can be seen throughout Chinese history. Although cosmopolitan consciousness in a moral sense exists temporarily during the viewing of foreign media products, the thesis suggests, the consumption of such media has rather limited influence and therefore cannot lead to the kind of cosmopolitanism celebrated in Western discourses.
Algorithms that get old : the case of generative deep neural networks
Creators: name: Turinici, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T01, 68T05, 68T07

description: Generative deep neural networks used in machine learning, like the Variational Auto-Encoders (VAE), and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) produce new objects each time when asked to do so with the constraint that the new objects remain similar to some list of examples given as input. However, this behavior is unlike that of human artists that change their style as time goes by and seldom return to the style of the initial creations. We investigate a situation where VAEs are used to sample from a probability measure described by some empirical dataset. Based on recent works on Radon-Sobolev statistical distances, we propose a numerical paradigm, to be used in conjunction with a generative algorithm, that satisfies the two following requirements: the objects created do not repeat and evolve to fill the entire target probability distribution.
Sympathetic laser-cooling of graphene with Casimir-Polder forces
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Sofia
name: Terças, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to actively cool the fundamental flexural (out-of-plane) mode of a graphene sheet via vacuum forces. Our setup consists in a cold atom cloud placed close to a graphene sheet at distances of a few micrometers. The atoms couple to the graphene membrane via Casimir-Polder forces. By deriving a self-consistent set of equations governing the dynamics of the atomic gas and the flexural modes of the graphene, we show to be possible to cool graphene from room temperatures by actively (laser) cooling an atomic gas. By choosing the right set of experimental parameter we are able to cool a graphene sheet down to ~ 60 microkelvin.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
A Polymer Chain with Dipolar Active Forces in Connection to Spatial Organization of Chromatin
Creators: name: Chaki, Subhasish
name: Theeyancheri, Ligesh
name: Chakrabarti, Rajarshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A living cell is an active environment where the organization and dynamics of chromatin are affected by different forms of activity. Optical experiments report that loci show subdiffusive dynamics and the chromatin fiber is seen to be coherent over micrometer-scale regions. Using a bead-spring polymer chain with dipolar active forces, we study how the subdiffusive motion of the loci generate large-scale coherent motion of the chromatin. We show that in the presence of extensile (contractile) activity, the dynamics of loci grows faster (slower) and the spatial correlation length increases (decreases) compared to the case with no dipolar forces. Hence, both the dipolar active forces modify the elasticity of the chain. Interestingly in our model, the dynamics and organization of such dipolar active chains largely differ from the passive chain with renormalized elasticity.
Detection of sub-GeV Dark Matter and Solar Neutrinos via Chemical-Bond Breaking
Creators: name: Essig, Rouven
name: Mardon, Jeremy
name: Slone, Oren
name: Volansky, Tomer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a new low-threshold direct-detection concept for dark matter, based on the breaking of chemical bonds between atoms. This includes the dissociation of molecules and the creation of defects in a lattice. With thresholds of a few to 10's of eV, such an experiment could probe the nuclear couplings of dark matter particles as light as a few MeV. We calculate the expected rates for dark matter to break apart diatomic molecules, which we take as a case study for more general systems. We briefly mention ideas for how chemical-bond breaking might be detected in practice. We also discuss the possibility of detecting solar neutrinos, including pp neutrinos, with this experimental concept. With an event rate of $\mathcal{O}$(0.1/kg-year), large exposures are required, but measuring low-energy solar neutrinos would provide a crucial test of the solar model.
Pointwise estimates for bipolar compressible Navier-Stokes-Poisson system in dimension three
Creators: name: Wu, Zhigang
name: Wang, Weike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.8
subject: 35A09, 35B40, 35J08, 35Q35

description: The Cauchy problem of the bipolar Navier-Stokes-Poisson system (1.1) in dimension three is considered. We obtain the pointwise estimates of the time-asymptotic shape of the solution, which exhibit generalized Huygens' principle as the Navier-Stokes system. This phenomenon is the the most important difference from the unipolar Navier-Stokes-Poisson system. Due to non-conservative structure of the system (1.1) and interplay of two carriers which counteracts the influence of electric field (a nonlocal term), some new observations are essential for the proof. We make full use of the conservative structure of the system for the total density and total momentum, and the mechanism of the linearized unipolar Navier-Stokes-Poisson system together with the special form of the nonlinear terms in the system for the difference of densities and the difference of momentums. Lastly, as a byproduct, we extend the usual $L^2(\mathbb{R}^3)$-decay rate to $L^p(\mathbb{R}^3)$-decay rate with $p>1$ and also improve former decay rates in part.
description: 38 pages
The deployment of mobile agent technology in a project management environment
Creators: name: Xue, Fei.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Statistical thermodynamic basis in drug-receptor interactions: double annihilation and double decoupling alchemical theories, revisited
Creators: name: Procacci, Piero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Alchemical theory is emerging as a promising tool in the context of molecular dynamics simulations for drug discovery projects. In this theoretical contribution, I revisit the statistical mechanics foundation of non covalent interactions in drug-receptor systems, providing a unifying treatment that encompasses the most important variants in the alchemical approaches, from the seminal Double Annihilation Method by Jorgensen and Ravimohan [W.L. Jorgensen and C. Ravimohan, J. Chem. Phys. 83,3050, 1985], to the Gilson's Double Decoupling Method [M. K. Gilson and J. A. Given and B. L. Bush and J. A. McCammon, Biophys. J. 72, 1047 1997] and the Deng and Roux alchemical theory [Y. Deng and B. Roux, J. Chem. Theory Comput., 2, 1255 2006]. Connections and differences between the various alchemical approaches are highlighted and discussed, and finally placed into the broader context of nonequilibrium thermodynamics.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Suprathermal electron distributions in the solar transition region
Creators: name: Vocks, C.
name: Dzifcakova, E.
name: Mann, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suprathermal tails are a common feature of solar wind electron velocity distributions, and are expected in the solar corona. From the corona, suprathermal electrons can propagate through the steep temperature gradient of the transition region towards the chromosphere, and lead to non-Maxwellian electron velocity distribution functions (VDFs) with pronounced suprathermal tails. We calculate the evolution of a coronal electron distribution through the transition region in order to quantify the suprathermal electron population there. A kinetic model for electrons is used which is based on solving the Boltzmann-Vlasov equation for electrons including Coulomb collisions with both ions and electrons. Initial and chromospheric boundary conditions are Maxwellian VDFs with densities and temperatures based on a background fluid model. The coronal boundary condition has been adopted from earlier studies of suprathermal electron formation in coronal loops. The model results show the presence of strong suprathermal tails in transition region electron VDFs, starting at energies of a few 10 eV. Above electron energies of 600 eV, electrons can traverse the transition region essentially collision-free. The presence of strong suprathermal tails in transition region electron VDFs shows that the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium is not justified there. This has a significant impact on ionization dynamics, as is shown in a companion paper.
The Contribution of In-situ and Ex-situ Star Formation in Early-Type Galaxies: MaNGA versus IllustrisTNG
Creators: name: Cannarozzo, Carlo
name: Leauthaud, Alexie
name: Oyarzún, Grecco A.
name: Nipoti, Carlo
name: Diemer, Benedikt
name: Huang, Song
name: Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente
name: Sonnenfeld, Alessandro
name: Bundy, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare stellar mass surface density, metallicity, age, and line-of-sight velocity dispersion profiles in massive ($M_*\geq10^{10.5}\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$) present-day early-type galaxies (ETGs) from the MaNGA survey with simulated galaxies from the TNG100 simulation of the IllustrisTNG suite. We find an excellent agreement between the stellar mass surface density profiles of MaNGA and TNG100 ETGs, both in shape and normalisation. Moreover, TNG100 reproduces the shapes of the profiles of stellar metallicity and age, as well as the normalisation of velocity dispersion distributions of MaNGA ETGs. We generally also find good agreement when comparing the stellar profiles of central and satellite galaxies between MaNGA and TNG100. An exception is the velocity dispersion profiles of very massive ($M_*\gtrsim10^{11.5}\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$) central galaxies, which, on average, are significantly higher in TNG100 than in MaNGA ($\approx50\,\mathrm{km\,s^{-1}}$). We study the radial profiles of $\mathit{in}$-$\mathit{situ}$ and $\mathit{ex}$-$\mathit{situ}$ stars in TNG100 and discuss the extent to which each population contributes to the observed MaNGA profiles. Our analysis lends significant support to the idea that high-mass ($M_*\gtrsim10^{11}\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$) ETGs in the present-day Universe are the result of a merger-driven evolution marked by major mergers that tend to homogenise the stellar populations of the progenitors in the merger remnant.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
ALMA observations of Lyman-alpha Blob 1: halo sub-structure illuminated from within
Creators: name: Geach, J. E.
name: Narayanan, D.
name: Matsuda, Y.
name: Hayes, M.
name: Mas-Ribas, Ll.
name: Dijkstra, M.
name: Steidel, C. C.
name: Chapman, S. C.
name: Feldmann, R.
name: Avison, A.
name: Agertz, O.
name: Ao, Y.
name: Birkinshaw, M.
name: Bremer, M. N.
name: Clements, D. L.
name: Dannerbauer, H.
name: Farrah, D.
name: Harrison, C. M.
name: Hine, N. K.
name: Kubo, M.
name: Michalowski, M. J.
name: Scott, Douglas
name: Smith, D. J. B.
name: Spaans, M.
name: Simpson, J. M.
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Taniguchi, Y.
name: van Kampen, E.
name: van der Werf, P.
name: Verma, A.
name: Yamada, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) 850um continuum observations of the original Lyman-alpha Blob (LAB) in the SSA22 field at z=3.1 (SSA22-LAB01). The ALMA map resolves the previously identified submillimeter source into three components with total flux density S_850 = 1.68+/-0.06 mJy, corresponding to a star formation rate of ~150 M_sun/yr. The submillimeter sources are associated with several faint (m~27 mag) rest-frame ultraviolet sources identified in Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) clear filter imaging (~5850A). One of these companions is spectroscopically confirmed with Keck MOSFIRE to lie within 20 projected kpc and 250 km/s of one of the ALMA components. We postulate that some of these STIS sources represent a population of low-mass star-forming satellites surrounding the central submillimeter sources, potentially contributing to their growth and activity through accretion. Using a high resolution cosmological zoom simulation of a 10^13 M_sun halo at z=3, including stellar, dust and Ly-alpha radiative transfer, we can model the ALMA+STIS observations and demonstrate that Ly-alpha photons escaping from the central submillimeter sources are expected to resonantly scatter in neutral hydrogen, the majority of which is predicted to be associated with halo substructure. We show how this process gives rise to extended Ly-alpha emission with similar surface brightness and morphology to observed giant LABs.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Graph Aggregation
Creators: name: Endriss, Ulle
name: Grandi, Umberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph aggregation is the process of computing a single output graph that constitutes a good compromise between several input graphs, each provided by a different source. One needs to perform graph aggregation in a wide variety of situations, e.g., when applying a voting rule (graphs as preference orders), when consolidating conflicting views regarding the relationships between arguments in a debate (graphs as abstract argumentation frameworks), or when computing a consensus between several alternative clusterings of a given dataset (graphs as equivalence relations). In this paper, we introduce a formal framework for graph aggregation grounded in social choice theory. Our focus is on understanding which properties shared by the individual input graphs will transfer to the output graph returned by a given aggregation rule. We consider both common properties of graphs, such as transitivity and reflexivity, and arbitrary properties expressible in certain fragments of modal logic. Our results establish several connections between the types of properties preserved under aggregation and the choice-theoretic axioms satisfied by the rules used. The most important of these results is a powerful impossibility theorem that generalises Arrow's seminal result for the aggregation of preference orders to a large collection of different types of graphs.
The potential of the ILC beam dump for high-intensity and large-area irradiation field with atmospheric-like neutrons and muons
Creators: name: Sakaki, Yasuhito
name: Michizono, Shinichiro
name: Terunuma, Nobuhiro
name: Sanami, Toshiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the neutron and muon fluxes produced in the ILC beam dumps by Monte Carlo simulations and discuss their potential use in irradiation fields. We show that the beam dumps can provide high-intensity neutron and muon fluxes with spectra quite similar to secondary cosmic rays, which are suitable for soft error studies. The beam dumps deliver neutrons about $10^{11}$ times the secondary cosmic rays on spaces perpendicular to the beam axis and muons $10^8$ times downstream of the beam dumps in the initial phase of the ILC. Large-area irradiation of 1\,m$^2$ or more is possible. Differences in the energy distribution of muons in electron and positron beam dumps are also discussed for particle physics experiments.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures; appendix A added; published version
Relativistic calculations of angular dependent photoemission time delay
Creators: name: Kheifets, A. S.
name: Mandal, Ankur
name: Deshmukh, P. C.
name: Dolmatov, V. K.
name: Manson, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Angular dependence of photoemission time delay for the valence $np_{3/2}$ and $np_{1/2}$ subshells of Ar, Kr and Xe is studied in the dipole relativistic random phase approximation. Strong angular anisotropy of the time delay is reproduced near respective Cooper minima while the spin-orbit splitting affects the time delay near threshold.
Conflict-Based Search for Explainable Multi-Agent Path Finding
Creators: name: Kottinger, Justin
name: Almagor, Shaull
name: Lahijanian, Morteza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) problem, the goal is to find non-colliding paths for agents in an environment, such that each agent reaches its goal from its initial location. In safety-critical applications, a human supervisor may want to verify that the plan is indeed collision-free. To this end, a recent work introduces a notion of explainability for MAPF based on a visualization of the plan as a short sequence of images representing time segments, where in each time segment the trajectories of the agents are disjoint. Then, the explainable MAPF problem asks for a set of non-colliding paths that admits a short-enough explanation. Explainable MAPF adds a new difficulty to MAPF, in that it is NP-hard with respect to the size of the environment, and not just the number of agents. Thus, traditional MAPF algorithms are not equipped to directly handle explainable-MAPF. In this work, we adapt Conflict Based Search (CBS), a well-studied algorithm for MAPF, to handle explainable MAPF. We show how to add explainability constraints on top of the standard CBS tree and its underlying A* search. We examine the usefulness of this approach and, in particular, the tradeoff between planning time and explainability.
description: To appear in International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling (ICAPS 2022), June 2022
Performance of the .NET platform in software development process : a financial application case study
Creators: name: Cong, Ke.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Thread/State correspondence: from bit threads to qubit threads
Creators: name: Lin, Yi-Yu
name: Jin, Jie-Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from an interesting coincidence between the bit threads and SS (surface/state) correspondence, both of which are closely related to the holographic RT formula, we introduce a property of bit threads that has not been explicitly proposed before, which can be referred to as thread/state correspondence (see~\cite{Lin:2022agc} for a brief pre-release version). Using this thread/state correspondence, we can construct the explicit expressions for the SS states corresponding to a set of bulk extremal surfaces in the SS correspondence, and nicely characterize their entanglement structure. Based on this understanding, we use the locking bit thread configurations to construct a holographic qubit threads model as a new toy model of the holographic principle, and show that it is closely related to the holographic tensor networks, the kinematic space, and the connectivity of spacetime.
description: 51 pages, 13 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2208.08963
The 1/c expansion of nonminimally coupled curvature-matter gravity model and constraints from planetary precession
Creators: name: March, Riccardo
name: Páramos, Jorge
name: Bertolami, Orfeu
name: Dell'Agnello, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of a nonminimally coupled curvature-matter model of gravity on a perturbed Minkowski metric are presented. The action functional of the model involves two functions $f^1(R)$ and $f^2(R)$ of the Ricci scalar curvature $R$. This work expands upon previous results, extending the framework developed there to compute corrections up to order $O(1/c^4)$ of the $00$ component of the metric tensor. It is shown that additional contributions arise due to both the non-linear form $f^1(R)$ and the nonminimal coupling $f^2(R)$, including exponential contributions that cannot be expressed as an expansion in powers of $1/r$. Some possible experimental implications are assessed with application to perihelion precession.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
Quantum-enhanced phase estimation using optical spin squeezing
Creators: name: Ono, Takafumi
name: Chesterking, Javier Sabines
name: Cable, Hugo
name: O'Brien, Jeremy L.
name: Matthews, Jonathan C. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum metrology enables estimation of optical phase shifts with precision beyond the shot-noise limit. One way to exceed this limit is to use squeezed states, where the quantum noise of one observable is reduced at the expense of increased quantum noise for its complementary partner. Because shot-noise limits the phase sensitivity of all classical states, reduced noise in the average value for the observable being measured allows for improved phase sensitivity. However, additional phase sensitivity can be achieved using phase estimation strategies that account for the full distribution of measurement outcomes. Here we experimentally investigate the phase sensitivity of a five-particle optical spin-squeezed state generated by photon subtraction from a parametric downconversion photon source. The Fisher information for all photon-number outcomes shows it is possible to obtain a quantum advantage of 1.58 compared to the shot-noise limit, even though due to experimental imperfection, the average noise for the relevant spin-observable does not achieve sub-shot-noise precision. Our demonstration implies improved performance of spin squeezing for applications to quantum metrology.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Lattice Boltzmann simulations of two linear microswimmers using the immersed boundary method
Creators: name: Geyer, D.
name: Ziegler, S.
name: Sukhov, A.
name: Hubert, M.
name: Smith, A. -S.
name: Aouane, O.
name: Malgaretti, P.
name: Harting, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The performance of a single or the collection of microswimmers strongly depends on the hydrodynamic coupling among their constituents and themselves. We present a numerical study for a single and a pair of microswimmers based on lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) simulations. Our numerical algorithm consists of two separable parts. Lagrange polynomials provide a discretization of the microswimmers and the lattice Boltzmann method captures the dynamics of the surrounding fluid. The two components couple via an immersed boundary method. We present data for a single swimmer system and our data also show the onset of collective effects and, in particular, an overall velocity increment of clusters of swimmers.