cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Concordance of links with identical Alexander invariants
Creators: name: Cha, Jae Choon
name: Friedl, Stefan
name: Powell, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M27, 57N70

description: J. Davis showed that the topological concordance class of a link in the 3-sphere is uniquely determined by its Alexander polynomial for 2-component links with Alexander polynomial one. A similar result for knots with Alexander polynomial one was shown earlier by M. Freedman. We prove that these two cases are the only exceptional cases, by showing that the link concordance class is not determined by the Alexander invariants in any other case.
description: 14 pages
HI synthesis observations of the blue compact dwarf NGC 1705
Creators: name: Elson, E. C.
name: de Blok, W. J. G.
name: Kraan-Korteweg, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Australia Telescope Compact Array HI-line observations of the nearby dwarf galaxy NGC 1705 are presented. The data are used to trace the gravitational potential of the galaxy out to several stellar disc scale lengths. A rotation curve is derived for the system and used to generate mass models. Dark matter dominates the gravitational potential at nearly all galactocentric radii. NFW and pseudo-isothermal sphere halo parameterisations allowing for good reproductions of the observations. The models suggest NGC 1705 to have a dark matter halo that it much denser and more compact than previously thought.
description: Published in MNRAS. 13 pages, 14 figures
Heteroxya Topsent 1898
Creators: name: Morrow, Christine
name: Cárdenas, Paco
name: Boury-Esnault, Nicole
name: Picton, Bernard
name: Mccormack, Grace
name: Soest, Rob Van
name: Collins, Allen
name: Redmond, Niamh
name: Maggs, Christine
name: Sigwart, Julia
name: Allcock, Louise A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Axinellida
Heteroxyidae
Heteroxya

description: GENUS HETEROXYA TOPSENT, 1898
Diagnosis emended: Encrusting growth form; surface highly hispid; choanosome with a condensed basal layer of spongin lying on the substrate, containing (acanth)oxeas distributed without appreciable order on basal spongin and strewn throughout the mesohyl; subectosomal skeleton consists of oxeas arranged perpendicular to the ectosome, protruding through the surface, but not embedded in basal spongin; ectosomal skeleton with a perpendicular palisade of smaller (acanth)oxeas, through which the larger subectosomal oxeas protrude; long styles present in one species. Two categories of oxea, smooth or spined; larger oxea sometimes with a double flex; microscleres absent.
Type species: Heteroxya corticata Topsent, 1898 (pp. 231–234, fig. 2a).
Included species: Heteroxya corticata; Heteroxya beauforti Morrow sp. nov.
description: Published as part of Morrow, Christine, Cárdenas, Paco, Boury-Esnault, Nicole, Picton, Bernard, Mccormack, Grace, Soest, Rob Van, Collins, Allen, Redmond, Niamh, Maggs, Christine, Sigwart, Julia & Allcock, Louise A., 2019, Integrating morphological and molecular taxonomy with the revised concept of Stelligeridae (Porifera: Demospongiae), pp. 31-81 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187 on pages 65-66
Acta einer lobl. Music Gesellschafft auf der Chorherren Stuben
Creators: name: Musikgesellschaft zum Chorherrensaal
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1698

description: Protokollbuch der Musikgesellschaft auf dem Chorherrensaal aus den Jahren 1698 bis 1743. Inhalt: Titelblatt (1 S.); Satzung 1698 (3 S.); Protokoll Mai 1698 - Jan. 1743 (171 S., fast alle Jahre vorhanden [fehlt: 1700], mehrere Protokolle jährlich, ab 1708 Halbjahresversammlungen verzeichnet, Einträge ab 1738 generell unregelmässig, regelmässiger Inhalt u.a.: Saldi der Rechnungen des Quästors ab 1701 [fehlende Jahre: 1705-1707, Jan. 1715, Apr. 1736], 1701 bis 1704 unregelmässig, ab 1708 halbjährlich jeweils ca. Jan., Juli, ab Herbst 1718 jeweils ca. März, Sept., Mutationen von Mitgliedern, Wahl des Vorstandes, ab 1701 halbjährlich jeweils ca. Jan., Juli, ab Herbst 1718 jeweils ca. März, Sept., Mutationen der Satzungen, Bussenregelungen, Regelungen zu den Zusammenkünften zur Musikausübung, etc., kaum Angaben zu Musikalien, keine Angaben zu Konzerten u.ä., erwähnenswert: Orgelkauf mit Einträgen in den Jahren 1718-1727, ab 1738 beinahe Auflösung der Gesellschaft bis 1743 ein Thema);
Weitere beschriebene Teile nach jeweils zahlreichen nicht paginierten Seiten: Mitgliederverzeichnis 1698-1735 mit Angabe des Eintrittsjahres und des Berufsstandes beim Eintritt ("Namen aller Ehren-Glideren einer lobl. Music-Gesellschaft auf der Chorherren Stuben von anno 1698", 6 S., alle Jahre vorhanden);
Verzeichnis der Einnahmen 1698-1726 ("Das Einnemen einer lobl. Musick-Gesellschaft auf der Chorhr. Stuben von anno 1698", 10 S., fast alle Jahre vorhanden [fehlt: 1700] Inhalt: Zuwendungen der Mitglieder bei Namenstagen, Beförderungen, Abschied und Einstand, Einnahmen durch Bussen, Saldi des Quästors, ab 1709 nur noch Saldi des Quästors);
Verzeichnis der Ausgaben 1698-1737 ("Das Ausgeben einer lobl. Musick-Gesellschafft auf der Chorherren Stuben von anno 1698", 12 S., fast alle Jahre vorhanden [fehlt: 1700, 1735], Inhalt: Kosten Zusammenkünfte, Kauf von Saiten, Noten, Instrumenten [Bassgeigen, Violinen, Orgel], teilweise Binden von Noten, Möbelkauf, ab 1732 keine genaueren Angaben mehr);
Komponisten- und Kompositionsverzeichnis bis ca. 1714 ("Autores Musici dem Collegio Musico auf der Chorherren Stuben zugehörig", 2 S.; Angabe Nachname und meist Vorname des Komponisten und allgemeine Angabe der Komposition). (Quelle: Datenbank MIZ "Musik in Zürich")
Simulating transmission scenarios of the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 in Australia
Creators: name: Chang, Sheryl L.
name: Cliff, Oliver M.
name: Zachreson, Cameron
name: Prokopenko, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An outbreak of the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant of SARS-CoV-2 that began around mid-June 2021 in Sydney, Australia, quickly developed into a nation-wide epidemic. The ongoing epidemic is of major concern as the Delta variant is more infectious than previous variants that circulated in Australia in 2020. Using a re-calibrated agent-based model, we explored a feasible range of non-pharmaceutical interventions, including case isolation, home quarantine, school closures, and stay-at-home restrictions (i.e., "social distancing"). Our modelling indicated that the levels of reduced interactions in workplaces and across communities attained in Sydney and other parts of the nation were inadequate for controlling the outbreak. A counter-factual analysis suggested that if 70% of the population followed tight stay-at-home restrictions, then at least 45 days would have been needed for new daily cases to fall from their peak to below ten per day. Our model predicted that, under a progressive vaccination rollout, if 40-50% of the Australian population follow stay-at-home restrictions, the incidence will peak by mid-October 2021: the peak in incidence across the nation was indeed observed in mid-October. We also quantified an expected burden on the healthcare system and potential fatalities across Australia.
description: 36 pages, 15 figures, published in "Frontiers in Public Health", 24 February 2022
River finds – Bronze Age depositions from the River Gudenå, Denmark
Creators: name: Frost, Lise
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2023

description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 91 2013(2015)
Intercomparison of Machine-Learning Methods for Estimating Surface Shortwave and Photosynthetically Active Radiation
Creators: name: Brown, Meredith G. L.
name: Skakun, Sergii
name: He, Tao
name: Liang, Shunlin
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: PAR
machine-learning
MODIS
shortwave radiation
radiative transfer
surface radiation
satellite remote sensing
radiation budget

description: Satellite-derived estimates of downward surface shortwave radiation (SSR) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) are a part of the surface radiation budget, an essential climate variable (ECV) required by climate and vegetation models. Ground measurements are insufficient for generating long-term, global measurements of surface radiation, primarily due to spatial limitations; however, remotely sensed Earth observations offer freely available, multi-day, global coverage of radiance that can be used to derive SSR and PAR estimates. Satellite-derived SSR and PAR estimates are generated by computing the radiative transfer inversion of top-of-atmosphere (TOA) measurements, and require ancillary data on the atmospheric condition. To reduce computational costs, often the radiative transfer calculations are done offline and large look-up tables (LUTs) are generated to derive estimates more quickly. Recently studies have begun exploring the use of machine-learning techniques, such as neural networks, to try to improve computational efficiency. Here, nine machine-learning methods were tested to model SSR and PAR using minimal input data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) observations at 1 km spatial resolution. The aim was to reduce the input data requirements to create the most robust model possible. The bootstrap aggregated decision tree (Bagged Tree), Gaussian Process Regression, and Neural Network yielded the best results with minimal training data requirements: an 𝑅2 of 0.77, 0.78, and 0.78 respectively, a bias of 0 ± 6, 0 ± 6, and 0 ± 5 W/m2, and an RMSE of 140 ± 7, 135 ± 8, and 138 ± 7 W/m2, respectively, for all-sky condition total surface shortwave radiation and viewing angles less than 55°. Viewing angles above 55° were excluded because the residual analysis showed exponential error growth above 55°. A simple, robust model for estimating SSR and PAR using machine-learning methods is useful for a variety of climate system studies. Future studies may focus on developing high temporal resolution direct and diffuse estimates of SSR and PAR as most current models estimate only total SSR or PAR.
Supplementary document for The Gouy phase of Gauss-Bessel beams: Theory vs. experiment - 6256801.pdf
Creators: name: Stoyanov, Lyubomir
name: Stefanov, Aleksander
name: Dreischuh, Alexander
name: Paulus, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary material
Gradients of Stellar Population Properties and Evolution Clues in a Nearby Galaxy M 101
Creators: name: Lin, Lin
name: Zou, Hu
name: Kong, Xu
name: Lin, Xuanbin
name: Mao, Yewei
name: Jiang, Zhaoji
name: Zhou, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-band photometric images from ultraviolet and optical to infrared are collected to derive spatially resolved properties of a nearby Scd type galaxy M 101. With evolutionary stellar population synthesis models, two-dimensional distributions and radial profiles of age, metallicity, dust attenuation, and star formation timescale in the form of the Sandage star formation history are obtained. When fitting with the models, we use the IRX-$A_\mathrm{FUV}$ relation, found to depend on a second parameter of birth rate b (ratio of present and past-averaged star formation rate), to constrain the dust attenuation. There are obvious parameter gradients in the disk of M101, which supports the theory of an "inside-out disk" growth scenario. Two distinct disc regions with different gradients of age and color are discovered, similar to another late-type galaxy NGC 628. The metallicity gradient of the stellar content is flatter than that of H {\sc ii} regions. The stellar disk is optically thicker inside than outside and the global dust attenuation of this galaxy is lower, compared with galaxies of similar and earlier morphological type. We highlight that a variational star formation timescale describes the real star formation history of a galaxy. The timescale increases steadily from the center to the outskirt. We also confirm that the bulge in this galaxy is a disk-like pseudobulge, whose evolution is likely to be induced by some secular processes of the small bar with relatively young age, rich metal, and much dust.
description: 37 pages, 13 figures. Accepted to ApJ
Early Cretaceous sea surface temperature evolution in subtropical shallow seas
Creators: name: Huck, Stefan
name: Heimhofer, Ulrich
Publisher: name: [London] : Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: SEA-LEVEL RISE
subject: WAVE CLIMATE
subject: ATOLL
subject: MALDIVES
subject: EVENTS
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Late Cretaceous sea surface temperatures (SST) are, amongst others, traditionally reconstructed by compiling oxygen isotope records of planktonic foraminifera obtained from globally distributed pelagic IODP drill cores. In contrast, the evolution of Early Cretaceous SSTs is essentially based on the organic TEX86 palaeothermometer, as oxygen-isotope data derived from well-preserved ‘glassy’ foraminifer calcite are currently lacking. In order to evaluate the extraordinary warm TEX86-derived SSTs of the Barremian to Aptian (130–123 Ma) subtropics, we present highly resolved sclerochemical profiles of pristine rudist bivalve shells from Tethyan and proto-North Atlantic shallow water carbonate platforms. An inverse correlation of seasonal ontogenetic variations in δ18Orudist and Mg/Ca ratios demonstrates the fidelity of oxygen isotopes as palaeotemperature proxy. The new data shows moderate mean annual SSTs (22–26 °C) for large parts of the Barremian and Aptian and transient warm pulses for the so-called Mid-Barremian Event and Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (reaching mean annual SSTs of 28 to 30 °C). A positive shift in mean annual oxygen-isotope values (δ18O: ≤ − 0.3‰) coupled with invariant Mg/Ca ratios at the Barremian–Aptian boundary points to a significant net loss of 16O in Tethyan shallow-marine settings. As the positive oxygen-isotope rudist shell values are recorded immediately beneath a major superregional hiatal surface, they are interpreted to be related to a major cooling phase and potential glacio-eustatic sea-level lowering. Our new sclerochemical findings are in clear contrast to open ocean SST records based on TEX86, which indicate exceptionally warm Barremian to earliest Aptian subtropical oceans and weak meridional SST gradients.
Zur Haltung und Nutzung von Haushunden auf neolithischen Fundplätzen in Mittel- und Süddeutschland sowie der Schweiz
Creators: name: Ewersen, Jörg
name: Ramminger, Britta
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2023

description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 91 2013(2015)
Massively Parallel Large Eddy Simulation of Rotating Turbomachinery for Variable Speed Gas Turbine Engine Operation †
Creators: name: Jain, Nishan
name: Bravo, Luis
name: Kim, Dokyun
name: Murugan, Muthuvel
name: Ghoshal, Anindya
name: Ham, Frank
name: Flatau, Alison
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: large eddy simulation
turbomachinery
blade articulation
tip clearance
variable speed power turbine
propulsion
engine performance
Voronoi grid

description: Gas turbine engines are required to operate at both design and off-design conditions that can lead to strongly unsteady flow-fields and aerodynamic losses severely impacting performance. Addressing this problem requires effective use of computational fluid dynamics tools and emerging models that resolve the large scale fields in detail while accurately modeling the under-resolved scale dynamics. The objective of the current study is to conduct massively parallel large eddy simulations (LES) of rotating turbomachinery that handle the near-wall dynamics using accurate wall models at relevant operating conditions. The finite volume compressible CharLES solver was employed to conduct the simulations over moving grids generated through Voronoi-based unstructured cells. A grid sensitivity analysis was carried out first to establish reliable parameters and assess the quality of the results. LES simulations were then conducted to understand the impact of blade tip clearance and operating conditions on the stage performance. Variations in tip clearance of 3% and 16% chord were considered in the analysis. Other design points included operation at 100% rotor speed and off-design conditions at 75% and 50% of the rotor speed. The simulation results showed that the adiabatic efficiency improves dramatically with reduction in tip gap due to the decrease in tip leakage flow and the resulting flow structures. The analysis also showed that the internal flow becomes highly unsteady, undergoing massive separation, as the rotor speed deviates from the design point. This study demonstrates the capability of the framework to simulate highly turbulent unsteady flows in a rotating turbomachinery environment. The results provide much needed insight and massive data to investigate novel design concepts for the US Army Future Vertical Lift program.
Social norms and climate-friendly behavior of adolescents
Creators: name: Koessler, Ann-Kathrin
name: Vorlaufer, Tobias
name: Fiebelkorn, Florian
Publisher: name: San Francisco, California, US : PLOS
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Adolescent
subject: Adolescent Behavior
subject: Adult
subject: Attitude
subject: Climate
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Adolescents are the decision-makers of the future, and as educational research shows, behaviors, habits, and attitudes established at young age strongly shape behavior in adulthood. Therefore, it is important to understand what factors shape young people’s climate-relevant behavior. In this study, we examine how information about peer behavior affects adolescents’ perception of prevailing social norms and own decision-making. Experimentally, we manipulated whether adolescents received information about other young people’s (lack of) support for climate protection, operationalized as a donation to a CO2 offsetting scheme. We find that empirical expectations shifted for all age groups when the information revealed that peers donated nothing or only small amounts. Donation behavior and the normative assessment, however, changed only in the younger age groups. Our study illustrates the caution that must be exercised when others’ behavior becomes visible or is deliberatively made salient in order to induce behavioral change, especially among young individuals.
Global Triggers for Attacking and Analyzing Ranking Models
Creators: name: Wang, Yumeng
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ranking
subject: BERT
subject: neural networks
subject: neural network
subject: biases
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: Text ranking models based on BERT are now well established for a wide range of pas- sage and document ranking tasks. However, the robustness of BERT-based ranking models under adversarial attack is under-explored. In this work, we argue that BERT- rankers are vulnerable to adversarial attacks targeting retrieved documents given a query. We propose algorithms for generating adversarial perturbation of documents locally to individual queries or globally across the dataset using gradient-based optimization methods. The aim of our algorithms is to add a small number of tokens to a highly relevant or non-relevant document to cause a significant rank demotion or promotion. Our experiments show that a few number of tokens can already change the document rank by a large margin. Besides, we find that BERT-rankers heavily rely on the docu- ment start/head for relevance prediction, making the initial part of the document more susceptible to adversarial attacks. More interestingly, our statistical analysis finds a small set of recurring adversar- ial tokens that when concatenated to documents result in successful rank demo- tion/promotion of any relevant/non-relevant document respectively. Finally, our ad- versarial tokens also show particular topic preferences within and across datasets, exposing potential biases from BERT pre-training or downstream datasets.
Regionalization of Coarse Scale Soil Moisture Products Using Fine-Scale Vegetation Indices—Prospects and Case Study
Creators: name: Liang, Mengyu
name: Pause, Marion
name: Prechtel, Nikolas
name: Schramm, Matthias
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: surface soil moisture
regional scale
vegetation traits
multi-sensor approach
wetland
environmental monitoring

description: Surface soil moisture (SSM) plays a critical role in many hydrological, biological and biogeochemical processes. It is relevant to farmers, scientists, and policymakers for making effective land management decisions. However, coarse spatial resolution and complex interactions of microwave radiation with surface roughness and vegetation structure present limitations within active remote sensing products to directly monitor soil moisture variations with sufficient detail. This paper discusses a strategy to use vegetation indices (VI) such as greenness, water stress, coverage, vigor, and growth dynamics, derived from Earth Observation (EO) data for an indirect characterization of SSM conditions. In this regional-scale study of a wetland environment, correlations between the coarse Advanced SCATterometer-Soil Water Index (ASCAT-SWI or SWI) product and statistical measurements of four vegetation indices from higher resolution Sentinel-2 data were analyzed. The results indicate that the mean value of Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FAPAR) correlates most strongly to the SWI and that the wet season vegetation traits show stronger linear relation to the SWI than during the dry season. The correlation between VIs and SWI was found to be independent of the underlying dominant vegetation classes which are not derived in real-time. Therefore, fine-scale vegetation information from optical satellite data convey the spatial heterogeneity missed by coarse synthetic aperture radar (SAR)-derived SSM products and is linked to the SSM condition underneath for regionalization purposes.
Fully coherent follow-up of continuous gravitational-wave candidates
Creators: name: Shaltev, Miroslav
name: Prix, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for continuous gravitational waves from unknown isolated sources is computationally limited due to the enormous parameter space that needs to be covered and the weakness of the expected signals. Therefore semi-coherent search strategies have been developed and applied in distributed computing environments such as Einstein@Home, in order to narrow down the parameter space and identify interesting candidates. However, in order to optimally confirm or dismiss a candidate as a possible gravitational-wave signal, a fully-coherent follow-up using all the available data is required. We present a general method and implementation of a direct (2-stage) transition to a fully-coherent follow-up on semi-coherent candidates. This method is based on a grid-less Mesh Adaptive Direct Search (MADS) algorithm using the F-statistic. We demonstrate the detection power and computing cost of this follow-up procedure using extensive Monte-Carlo simulations on (simulated) semi-coherent candidates from a directed as well as from an all-sky search setup.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Immunological and Toxicological Considerations for the Design of Liposomes
Creators: name: Inglut, Collin T.
name: Sorrin, Aaron J.
name: Kuruppu, Thilinie
name: Vig, Shruti
name: Cicalo, Julia
name: Ahmad, Haroon
name: Huang, Huang-Chiao
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: liposomes
toxicity
immunomodulation
cancer
gene and drug delivery

description: Liposomes hold great potential as gene and drug delivery vehicles due to their biocompatibility and modular properties, coupled with the major advantage of attenuating the risk of systemic toxicity from the encapsulated therapeutic agent. Decades of research have been dedicated to studying and optimizing liposomal formulations for a variety of medical applications, ranging from cancer therapeutics to analgesics. Some effort has also been made to elucidate the toxicities and immune responses that these drug formulations may elicit. Notably, intravenously injected liposomes can interact with plasma proteins, leading to opsonization, thereby altering the healthy cells they come into contact with during circulation and removal. Additionally, due to the pharmacokinetics of liposomes in circulation, drugs can end up sequestered in organs of the mononuclear phagocyte system, affecting liver and spleen function. Importantly, liposomal agents can also stimulate or suppress the immune system depending on their physiochemical properties, such as size, lipid composition, pegylation, and surface charge. Despite the surge in the clinical use of liposomal agents since 1995, there are still several drawbacks that limit their range of applications. This review presents a focused analysis of these limitations, with an emphasis on toxicity to healthy tissues and unfavorable immune responses, to shed light on key considerations that should be factored into the design and clinical use of liposomal formulations.
Accurate Determination of Hubble Attenuation and Amplification in Expanding and Contracting Cold-Atom Universes
Creators: name: Banik, S.
name: Galan, M. Gutierrez
name: Sosa-Martinez, H.
name: Anderson, M.
name: Eckel, S.
name: Spielman, I. B.
name: Campbell, G. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the expanding universe, relativistic scalar fields are thought to be attenuated by "Hubble friction", which results from the dilation of the underlying spacetime metric. By contrast, in a contracting universe this pseudo-friction would lead to amplification. Here, we experimentally measure with five-fold better accuracy, both Hubble attenuation and amplification in expanding and contracting toroidally-shaped Bose-Einstein condensates, in which phonons are analogous to cosmological scalar fields. We find that the observed attenuation or amplification depends on the temporal phase of the phonon field, which is only possible for non-adiabatic dynamics. The measured strength of the Hubble friction disagrees with recent theory [J. M. Gomez Llorente and J. Plata, {\it Phys. Rev. A} {\bf 100} 043613 (2019) and S. Eckel and T. Jacobson, {\it SciPost Phys.} {\bf 10} 64 (2021)]; because our experiment probes physics outside the scope of this theory -- with large excitations in rings of intermediate thickness -- this indicates the presence of new physics.
Continuous-wave squeezed states of light via ‘up-down’ self-phase modulation
Creators: name: Singh, Amrit Pal
name: Ast, Stefan
name: Mehmet, Moritz
name: Vahlbruch, Henning
name: Schnabel, Roman
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : OSA - The Optical Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Light sources
subject: Noise abatement
subject: Optical frequency conversion
subject: Balanced homodyne detection
subject: Chip integration
subject: Continuous Wave
subject: Continuous waves
subject: Nonlinear crystals
subject: Optical frequency
subject: Parametric down conversion
subject: Sideband frequency
subject: Self phase modulation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Continuous-wave (cw) squeezed states of light have applications in sensing, metrology and secure communication. In recent decades their efficient generation has been based on parametric down-conversion, which requires pumping by externally generated pump light of twice the optical frequency. Currently, there is immense effort in miniaturizing squeezed-light sources for chip-integration. Designs that require just a single input wavelength are favored since they offer an easier realization. Here we report the first observation of cw squeezed states generated by self-phase modulation caused by subsequent up and down conversions. The wavelengths of input light and of balanced homodyne detection are identical, and 1550 nm in our case. At sideband frequencies around 1.075 GHz, a nonclassical noise reduction of (2.4 ± 0.1) dB is observed. The setup uses a second-order nonlinear crystal, but no externally generated light of twice the frequency. Our experiment is not miniaturized, but might open a route towards simplified chip-integrated realizations. © 2019 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
Pre-Big Bang, vacuum and noncyclic cosmologies
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Mestres, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: WMAP and Planck open the way to unprecedented Big Bang phenomenology, potentially allowing to test the standard Big Bang model as well as less conventional approaches including noncyclic pre-Big Bang cosmologies that would incorporate a new fundamental scale beyond the Planck scale and, possibly, new ultimate constituents of matter. Alternatives to standard physics can be considered from a cosmological point of view concerning vacuum structure, the nature of space-time, the origin and evolution of our Universe, the validity of quantum field theory and conventional symmetries, solutions to the cosmological constant problem, inflationary scenarios, dark matter and dark energy, the interpretation of string-like theories... Lorentz-like symmetries for the properties of matter (standard or superbradyonic) can then be naturally stable space-time configurations resulting from general cosmological scenarios that incorporate physics beyond the Planck scale and describe the formation and evolution of the present vacuum. But an even more primordial question seems to be that of the origin of half-integer spins, that cannot be generated through orbital angular momentum in the usual real space-time. It turns out that the use of a spinorial space-time with two complex coordinates instead of the conventional four real ones presents several attractive features. Taking the cosmic time to be the modulus of a SU(2) spinor leads by purely geometric means to a naturally expanding universe, with a ratio between cosmic relative velocities and distances equal to the inverse of the age of the Universe. No reference to standard matter, hidden fields, gravitation or relativity is required to get such a result that looks quite reasonable from an observational point of view. We discuss basic ideas and phenomenological issues for noncyclic pre-Big Bang cosmologies in the present context.
description: 4 pages, presented at the 2011 Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics - HEP 2011, July 21-27, 2011 Grenoble, Rh\^one-Alpes, France
Assessing Terrestrial Ecosystem Resilience using Satellite Leaf Area Index
Creators: name: Wu, Jinhui
name: Liang, Shunlin
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: terrestrial disturbance
leaf area index
remote sensing
spatiotemporal variation
ecosystem resilience

description: Quantitative approaches to measuring and assessing terrestrial ecosystem resilience, which expresses the ability of an ecosystem to recover from disturbances without shifting to an alternative state or losing function and services, is critical and essential to forecasting how terrestrial ecosystems will respond to global change. However, global and continuous terrestrial resilience measurement is fraught with difficulty, and the corresponding attribution of resilience dynamics is lacking in the literature. In this study, we assessed global terrestrial ecosystem resilience based on the long time-series GLASS LAI product and GIMMS AVHRR LAI 3g product, and validated the results using drought and fire events as the main disturbance indicators. We also analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of global terrestrial ecosystem resilience and attributed their dynamics to climate change and environmental factors. The results showed that arid and semiarid areas exhibited low resilience. We found that evergreen broadleaf forest exhibited the highest resilience (mean resilience value (from GLASS LAI): 0.6). On a global scale, the increase of mean annual precipitation had a positive impact on terrestrial resilience enhancement, while we found no consistent relationships between mean annual temperature and terrestrial resilience. For terrestrial resilience dynamics, we observed three dramatic raises of disturbance frequency in 1989, 1995, and 2001, respectively, along with three significant drops in resilience correspondingly. Our study mapped continuous spatiotemporal variation and captured interannual variations in terrestrial ecosystem resilience. This study demonstrates that remote sensing data are effective for monitoring terrestrial resilience for global ecosystem assessment.
title: Open Science Guidelines of the University of Potsdam
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 001 Wissen

description: The Open Science Guidelines of the University of Potsdam were developed by a working group of the Senate Commission for Research and Young Academics (FNK) and approved by the Senate on 10.05.2023. The guidelines are published here with minor editorial changes.
On the KŁR conjecture in random graphs
Creators: name: Conlon, D.
name: Gowers, W. T.
name: Samotij, W.
name: Schacht, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The KŁR conjecture of Kohayakawa, Łuczak, and Rödl is a statement that allows one to prove that asymptotically almost surely all subgraphs of the random graph G_{n,p}, for sufficiently large p : = p(n), satisfy an embedding lemma which complements the sparse regularity lemma of Kohayakawa and Rödl. We prove a variant of this conjecture which is sufficient for most known applications to random graphs. In particular, our result implies a number of recent probabilistic versions, due to Conlon, Gowers, and Schacht, of classical extremal combinatorial theorems. We also discuss several further applications.
description: 33 pages
Supplementary document for Robust polarization state generation for long-range Quantum Key Distribution - 6344004.pdf
Creators: name: Stein, Abigail
name: Grande, Ignacio Lopez
name: Castelvero, Lorenzo
name: Pruneri, Valerio
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemetal document
EMV und präventive Qualitätsmethodik
Creators: name: Hasselberg, Dennis
name: Classe, Alko
name: Stuttinger, Norman
Publisher: name: Berlin : VDE-Verlag
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: statistische Versuchsplanung
subject: Schaltungssimulation
subject: Regressionsanalyse
subject: Risikobewertung
subject: Elektrofahrzeug
subject: Hybridfahrzeug
subject: Benutzerfreundlichkeit
subject: Kraftfahrzeug
subject: Verifikation
subject: Motorkomponente
subject: EMV-Labor
subject: elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit
subject: Störaussendung
subject: Leitungssatz
subject: Messreihe
subject: Zielgröße
subject: Störstrom
subject: Regressionsmodell
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Aufgrund neuer gesetzlicher Anforderungen für Elektro- und Hybridfahrzeuge gewinnt die Störaussendung von, mittels Leistungs-PWM angesteuerter, Kraftfahrzeugaktuatorik, zunehmend an Bedeutung. Um die Einflussparameter und Stellhebel für eine grenzwertkonforme Auslegung dieser PWM-Signale zu identifizieren, kam in diesem Beitrag die präventive Qualitätsmethode "Statistische Versuchsplanung" (engl. "Design of Experiments", kurz "DoE") zum Einsatz. Die Untersuchung selbst wurde, um aufwändige Messreihen zu umgehen, mittels einer parametrisierten Schaltungssimulation durchgeführt. Mittels einer toolgestützten Versuchsplanerstellung wurden die optimalen Simulationsdurchläufe im Vorfeld ermittelt, um eine erhebliche Reduzierung des Simulationsaufwandes zu erreichen. Anschließend ergab eine Auswertung unter Zuhilfenahme der Regressionsanalyse ein Modell, das eine anschauliche Darstellung der Einflüsse der einzelnen Parameter (Leitungssatz, PWM-Quelle und Last) auf die Zielgröße (Störstrom) ermöglicht. So kann selbst Entwicklern, deren Schwerpunkt der fachlichen Ausbildung nicht in der EMV liegt, aufgrund der Benutzerfreundlichkeit einer fertigen DoE, auch ohne tiefgehende Einarbeitung, ein Werkzeug an die Hand gegeben werden, um selbstständig eine Risikobewertung zukünftiger Konzepte vorzunehmen. Zur Verifikation der DoE wurde exemplarisch eine, mit Leistungs-PWM angesteuerte, Motorkomponente im EMV-Labor vermessen und mit den Werten der Simulation und des Regressionsmodells verglichen.
Signature Based Detection of User Events for Post-Mortem Forensic Analysis
Creators: name: James, Joshua I.
name: Gladyshev, Pavel
name: Zhu, Yuandong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces a novel approach to user event reconstruction by showing the practicality of generating and implementing signature-based analysis methods to reconstruct high-level user actions from a collection of low-level traces found during a post-mortem forensic analysis of a system. Traditional forensic analysis and the inferences an investigator normally makes when given digital evidence, are examined. It is then demonstrated that this natural process of inferring high-level events from low-level traces may be encoded using signature-matching techniques. Simple signatures using the defined method are created and applied for three popular Windows-based programs as a proof of concept.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables, 1 appendix, 2nd International Conference on Digital Forensics and Cyber Crime
Analyse der Schirmungseigenschaften von Kabel-Stecker-Systemen für elektrische Fahrzeuge
Creators: name: Mushtaq, Abid
name: Zeichner, Alexander
name: Frei, Stephan
Publisher: name: Berlin : VDE-Verlag
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: elektrisches Fahrzeug
subject: Messergebnis
subject: Impedanzmessung
subject: Messverfahren
subject: Niederfrequenz
subject: Messtechnik
subject: Hochspannungskabel
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Üblicherweise werden Transferimpedanz-Messungen von HV-Kabeln und HV-Kabel-Stecker-Systemen mit dem Paralleldraht- (LIM) bzw. dem Trialxial-Verfahren durchgeführt. In Anbetracht der Limitierungen beider Verfahren wurde eine weitere Methode (GPM) entwickelt, die es ohne großen Aufwand ermöglich, die Transferimpedanz von HV-Kabeln und HV-Kabel-Stecker-Systemen messtechnisch zu ermitteln. Messergebnisse zeigen, dass die Anwesenheit eines HV-Steckers in einem HV-Kabel-Stecker-System zu einem Anstieg von ZT bereits im unteren Frequenzbereich führt. Aus den Ergebnissen kann geschlossen werden, dass bei Frequenzen über 20 MHz die HV-Stecker in einem System die Schirmeffektivität stark reduzieren, im Vergleich zum HV-Kabel ohne Stecker. Die Ergebnisse im Niederfrequenzbereich wurden mit Hilfe von Messungen des DC-Widerstandes und einer analytischen Berechnung diskutiert. Der Vergleich zeigte geringe Fehler bei den NWA-Messungen. Die vorgestellte GPM liefert ähnliche Ergebnisse wie die standardisierten Messverfahren, sowohl für HV-Kabel als auch für HV-Kabel-Stecker-Systeme für 10 kHz bis 20 MHz. Die Ergebnisse können weiter verbessert werden, indem der mechanische Aufbau modifiziert und eine bessere Terminierung verwendet wird.
Landsat Analysis Ready Data for Global Land Cover and Land Cover Change Mapping
Creators: name: Potapov, Peter
name: Hansen, Matthew C.
name: Kommareddy, Indrani
name: Kommareddy, Anil
name: Turubanova, Svetlana
name: Pickens, Amy
name: Adusei, Bernard
name: Tyukavina, Alexandra
name: Ying, Qing
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: Landsat
analysis ready data
surface reflectance
land surface phenology
image compositing
multi-temporal metrics
land cover
land cover change
time-series analysis
global analysis

description: The multi-decadal Landsat data record is a unique tool for global land cover and land use change analysis. However, the large volume of the Landsat image archive and inconsistent coverage of clear-sky observations hamper land cover monitoring at large geographic extent. Here, we present a consistently processed and temporally aggregated Landsat Analysis Ready Data produced by the Global Land Analysis and Discovery team at the University of Maryland (GLAD ARD) suitable for national to global empirical land cover mapping and change detection. The GLAD ARD represent a 16-day time-series of tiled Landsat normalized surface reflectance from 1997 to present, updated annually, and designed for land cover monitoring at global to local scales. A set of tools for multi-temporal data processing and characterization using machine learning provided with GLAD ARD serves as an end-to-end solution for Landsat-based natural resource assessment and monitoring. The GLAD ARD data and tools have been implemented at the national, regional, and global extent for water, forest, and crop mapping. The GLAD ARD data and tools are available at the GLAD website for free access.
Influence of exciton spin relaxation on the photoluminescence spectra of semimagnetic quantum dots
Creators: name: Kłopotowski, Ł.
name: Cywiński, Ł.
name: Szymura, M.
name: Voliotis, V.
name: Grousson, R.
name: Wojnar, P.
name: Fronc, K.
name: Kazimierczuk, T.
name: Golnik, A.
name: Karczewski, G.
name: Wojtowicz, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive experimental and theoretical studies of photoluminescence of single CdMnTe quantum dots with Mn content x ranging from 0.01 to 0.2. We distinguish three stages of the equilibration of the exciton-Mn ion spin system and show that the intermediate stage, in which the exciton spin is relaxed, while the total equilibrium is not attained, gives rise to a specific asymmetric shape of the photoluminescence spectrum. From an excellent agreement between the measured and calculated spectra we are able to evaluate the exciton localization volume, number of paramagnetic Mn ions, and their temperature for each particular dot. We discuss the values of these parameters and compare them with results of other experiments. Furthermore, we analyze the dependence of average Zeeman shifts and transition linewidths on the Mn content and point out specific processes, which control these values at particular Mn concentrations.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Kali L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: S. Kali L. Adventiv; sich einbürgernd. 2-3: Rhonedamm nördlich Martigny am FUSSder Follateres (Wilczek und D. Dutoit 1939) und reichlich bei Martigny-Fully auf der linken Seite derRhone in der Ebene (Closuit 1949). (Vgl. R. Closuit Lit. 1949, S. 155-156.) - 2 ferner: Brigerbad, auf Alluvialsand, in Menge (Thommen 1950). (Vgl. Thommen Lit. 1950.) - 3 ferner: Bahnhof Turtmann (Thommen 1949; 1950 Fundort zerstört); Brig, unterhalb der Lötschbergbahnbrücke und amAusgang desSimplontunnels (Bögli 1944); beim Bahnhof Brig auf dem Rangiergelände der Furka-Oberalp-Bahn (Thommen 1949), Var. pseudo-Tragus Beck (var. tenuifolia auct.) - 2:Geronde bei Siders (Kunz 1949).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Wirkungen eines Extraktes von chinesischem Zimt (Cinnamomum cassia) auf den Glucosestoffwechsel von nicht-insulinpflichtigen Typ-2-Diabetikern
Creators: name: Mang, Bärbel
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Diabetes mellitus Typ 2
subject: Zimtextrakt
subject: Glucosestoffwechsel
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: [no abstract]
Supplementary document for Enantioselective optical trapping of single chiral molecules by superchiral field vicinity of metal nanostructure - 6305096.pdf
Creators: name: Yamane, Hidemasa
name: Yokoshi, Nobuhiko
name: Ishihara, Hajime
name: Oka, Hisaki
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 20504 Photonics, Optoelectronics and Optical Communications
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: supplemental documents
Detection of Laplace-resonant three-planet systems from transit timing variations
Creators: name: Libert, A. -S.
name: Renner, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transit timing variations (TTVs) are useful to constrain the existence of perturbing planets, especially in resonant systems where the variations are strongly enhanced. Here we focus on Laplace-resonant three-planet systems, and assume the inner planet transits the star. A dynamical study is performed for different masses of the three bodies, with a special attention to terrestrial planets. We consider a maximal time-span of ~ 100 years and discuss the shape of the inner planet TTVs curve. Using frequency analysis, we highlight the three periods related to the evolution of the system: two periods associated with the Laplace-resonant angle and the third one with the precession of the pericenters. These three periods are clearly detected in the TTVs of an inner giant planet perturbed by two terrestrial companions. Only two periods are detected for a Jupiter-Jupiter-Earth configuration (the ones associated with the giant interactions) or for three terrestrial planets (the Laplace periods). However, the latter system can be constrained from the inner planet TTVs. We finally remark that the TTVs of resonant three or two Jupiter systems mix up, when the period of the Laplace resonant angle matches the pericenter precession of the two-body configuration. This study highlights the importance of TTVs long-term observational programs for the detection of multiple-planet resonant systems.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, accepted in MNRAS