cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetic monopoles in string theory
Creators: name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
name: Harvey, Jeffrey A.
name: Liu, James T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: Magnetic monopole solutions to heterotic string theory are discussed in toroidal compactifications to four spacetime dimensions. Particular emphasis is placed on the relation to previously studied five-brane solutions in ten dimensions and on the possibility of constructing exact monopole solutions related to symmetric five-branes.
Final solution to the problem of relating a true copula to an imprecise copula
Creators: name: Omladič, Matjaž
name: Stopar, Nik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E05

description: In this paper we solve in the negative the problem proposed in this journal (I. Montes et al., Sklar's theorem in an imprecise setting, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 278 (2015), 48-66) whether an order interval defined by an imprecise copula contains a copula. Namely, if $\mathcal{C}$ is a nonempty set of copulas, then $\underline{C} = \inf\{C\}_{C\in\mathcal{C}}$ and $\overline{C}= \sup\{C\}_{C\in\mathcal{C}}$ are quasi-copulas and the pair $(\underline{C},\overline{C})$ is an imprecise copula according to the definition introduced in the cited paper, following the ideas of $p$-boxes. We show that there is an imprecise copula $(A,B)$ in this sense such that there is no copula $C$ whatsoever satisfying $A \leqslant C\leqslant B$. So, it is questionable whether the proposed definition of the imprecise copula is in accordance with the intentions of the initiators. Our methods may be of independent interest: We upgrade the ideas of Dibala et al. (Defects and transformations of quasi-copulas, Kybernetika, 52 (2016), 848-865) where possibly negative volumes of quasi-copulas as defects from being copulas were studied.
description: 20 pages; added Conclusion, added some clarifications in proofs, added some explanations at the beginning of each section, corrected typos, results remain the same
BRST properties of spin fields
Creators: name: Dolan, L.
name: Horvath, S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: For the closed superstring, spin fields and bi-spinor states are defined directly in four spacetime dimensions, in van der Waerden notation (dotted and undotted indices). Explicit operator product expansions are given, including those for the internal superconformal field theory, which are consistent with locality and BRST invariance for the string vertices. The most general BRST picture changing for these fields is computed. A covariant notation for the spin decomposition of these states is developed in which non-vanishing polarizations are selected automatically. The kinematics of the three-gluon dual model amplitude in both the Neveu-Schwarz and Ramond sectors in the Lorentz gauges is calculated and contrasted. Modular invariance and enhanced gauge symmetry of four-dimensional models incorporating these states is described.
Spatiotemporal Design of the Metal-Organic Framework DUT-8(M)
Creators: name: Miura, Hiroki
name: Bon, Volodymyr
name: Senkovska, Irena
name: Ehrling, Sebastian
name: Bönisch, Nadine
name: Mäder, Gerrit
name: Grünzner, Stefan
name: Khadiev, Azat
name: Novikov, Dmitri
name: Maity, Kartik
name: Richter, Andreas
name: Kaskel, Stefan
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022

description: doi:10.26434/chemrxiv-2022-j8hn7
description: Switchable metal-organic frameworks change their structure in time and selectively open their pores adsorbing guest molecules, leading to highly selective separation, pressure amplification, sensing and actuation applications. The three-dimensional engineering of metal-organic frameworks has reached a high level of maturity, but spatiotemporal evolution opens a new perspective towards engineering materials in the 4th dimension (time) by t-axis design, in essence exploiting the deliberate tuning of activation barriers. This work demonstrates the first example in which an explicit temporal engineering of a switchable metal-organic framework (DUT-8, M1M2(ndc)2dabco, ndc = 2,6,-naphthalenedicarboxylate, dabco = 1,4 diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, M1 = Ni, M2 = Co) is presented. The temporal response is deliberately tuned by variation of cobalt content. We present a spectrum of advanced analytical methods for analyzing the switching kinetics stimulated by vapor adsorption using in situ time resolved techniques ranging from ensemble adsorption and advanced synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments to individual crystal analysis. A novel analysis technique based on microscopic observation of individual crystals in a microfluidic channel reveals the lowest limit for adsorption switching reported so far. The time constants for the bulk ensembles range from 2 - 300 s. Differences in spatiotemporal response of crystal ensembles originate from a delay (induction) time that varies statistically and widens characteristically with increasing cobalt content reflecting increasing activation barriers.
(2647) Amy Barwis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(2638) William Simpson Hannan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Renormalization group flow of four-fermi with Chern-Simons interaction
Creators: name: Wei Chen,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: We introduce the Chern-Simons interaction into the three-dimensional four-fermi theory, and suggest a possible line of non-gaussian infrared stable fixed points of the four-fermi operator, which is characterized by the Chern-Simons coupling.
Special features of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in animal and poultry farms in the regions with various levels of manmade pollution
Creators: name: Donnik, I.M.
name: Krivonogova, A.S.
name: Isaeva, A.G.
name: Shkuratova, I.A.
name: Moiseeva, K.V.
name: Musikhina, N.B.
Publisher: name: Agronomy Research
Year: 2020
Subjects: animal farms
antibiotic susceptibility
opportunistic microbiota
poultry farms
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
technogenic pollution
article

description: The research on the P. aeruginosa strains in animal and poultry farms located in the areas with various levels of technogenic pollution were done. The content of P .aeruginosa in composition of opportunistic pathogenic microflora in dairy, pig-breeding and poultry farms was stated. Susceptibility of P. aeruginosa to fluoroquinolone antibiotics and carbapenems was defined. The enterprises were located in the areas with various levels of contamination of agrobiocenosis with Zn, Fe, Cd, Cu, As, Pb, 90Sr, 137Cs of technogenic origin. It was stated that content of P. aeruginosa in opportunistic pathogenic microbiota was the most in poultry farms. In man-made polluted areas P. aeruginosa was most often found in samples from oral cavity and cloaca of laying hens and broiler chickens, and in ‘clean’ areas’ – mostly in wash-offs from cages and drinking pans. In dairy farms content of P. aeruginosa was higher in environmentally friendly areas, as compared to the areas with technogenic pollution. Analysis of antibiotic susceptibility has shown that in dairy farms average level of resistance of P. aeruginosa strains to carbapenems and fluoroquinolone was 12% and 6%, in pig-breeding farms – 9% and 13%, and in poultry farms – 6% and 18% correspondingly. At the same time, in environmentally neglected areas significant content of the strains with low susceptibility to the above-mentioned antibiotics was stated. The research is executed at the expense of a grant of the Russian scientific fund (project No. 18-16-00040).
Quantum key distribution with correlated sources
Creators: name: Pereira, Margarida
name: Kato, Go
name: Mizutani, Akihiro
name: Curty, Marcos
name: Tamaki, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In theory, quantum key distribution (QKD) offers information-theoretic security. In practice, however, it does not due to the discrepancies between the assumptions used in the security proofs and the behaviour of the real apparatuses. Recent years have witnessed a tremendous effort to fill the gap, but the treatment of correlations among pulses has remained a major elusive problem. Here, we close this gap by introducing a simple yet general method to prove the security of QKD with arbitrarily long-range pulse correlations. Our method is compatible with those security proofs that accommodate all the other typical device imperfections, thus paving the way towards achieving implementation security in QKD with arbitrary flawed devices. Moreover, we introduce a new framework for security proofs, which we call the reference technique. This framework includes existing security proofs as special cases and it can be widely applied to a number of QKD protocols.
Algebraic Bethe ansatz for the elliptic quantum group $E_{\tau,\eta}(sl_2)$
Creators: name: Varchenko, Alexander
name: Felder, Giovanni
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: To each representation of the elliptic quantum group $E_{\tau,\eta}(sl_2)$ is associated a family of commuting transfer matrices. We give common eigenvectors by a version of the algebraic Bethe ansatz method. Special cases of this construction give eigenvectors for IRF models, for the eight-vertex model and for the two-body Ruijsenaars operator. The latter is a $q$-deformation of Hermite's solution of the Lam\'e equation.
Surface/State Correspondence as a Generalized Holography
Creators: name: Miyaji, Masamichi
name: Takayanagi, Tadashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new duality relation between codimension two space-like surfaces in gravitational theories and quantum states in dual Hilbert spaces. This surface/state correspondence largely generalizes the idea of holography such that we do not need to rely on any existence of boundaries in gravitational spacetimes. The present idea is motivated by the recent interpretation of AdS/CFT in terms of the tensor networks so called MERA. Moreover, we study this correspondence from the viewpoint of entanglement entropy and information metric. The Cramer-Rao bound in quantum estimation theory implies that the quantum fluctuations of radial coordinate of the AdS is highly suppressed in the large N limit.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures, Latex
Gauge symmetry in background charge conformal field theory
Creators: name: Dolan, L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: We present a mechanism to construct four-dimensional charged massless Ramond states using the discrete states of a fivebrane Liouville internal conformal field theory. This conformal field theory has background charge, and admits an inner product which allows positive norm states. A connection among supergravity soliton solutions, Liouville conformal field theory, non-critical string theory and their gauge symmetry properties is given. A generalized construction of the SU(2) super Kac-Moody algebra mixing with the N = 1 super Virasoro algebra is analyzed. How these Ramond states evade the DKV no-go theorem is explained.
(2639) Walter Henry Brown
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary table 1 from Letting the ‘cat’ out of the bag: pouch young development of the extinct Tasmanian tiger revealed by X-ray computed tomography
Creators: name: Newton, Axel H.
name: Frantisek Spoutil
name: Prochazka, Jan
name: Black, Jay R.
name: Medlock, Kathryn
name: Paddle, Robert N.
name: Marketa Knitlova
name: Hipsley, Christy A.
name: Pask, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: Developmental Biology

description: Raw and natural log transformed thylacine pouch young, juvenile and adult long bone measurements.
Statistical tests for the Pseudo-Lindley distribution and applications
Creators: name: Lo, Gane Samb
name: Kpanzou, Tchilabalo Abozou
name: Haidara, Cheikh Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The pseudo-Lindley distribution was introduced as a useful generalization of the Lindley distribution in Zeghdoudi and Nedjar (2016) who showed interesting properties of their new laws and efficiencies in modeling data in Reliability and Survival Analysis. In this paper we study the estimators of the pair of parameters and determine their asymptotic law from which a chi-square law is derived. From both asymptotic laws, statistical tests are built. Simulation studies on the tests conclude to their efficiency for data sizes generally used in Reliability. R codes related to statistical analysis on that law are given in an appropriate archive repository code paper in Arxiv.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
A modular invariant partition function for the fivebrane
Creators: name: Nappi, Chiara R.
name: Dolan, Louise
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: We compute an invariant partition function for the chiral two-form of the M theory fivebrane compactified on the six-torus T6. From a manifestly invariant formalism, we prove that the partition function has an additional symmetry. The combination of these two symmetries ensures invariance. Thus, whether or not a fully covariant Lagrangian is available, the fivebrane on the six-torus has a consistent quantum theory.
Monkeypox among men who have sex with men: A scoping review
Creators: name: Costa, Ana
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Medical Immunology
subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Diseases
subject: Clinical Epidemiology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: This is a scoping review guided by the recommendations of the JBI Institute Review's Manual (JBI, 2020), Seconf theoretical framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005).
Coloring random triangulations
Creators: name: Eynard, B.
name: Di Francesco, P.
name: Guitter, E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: We introduce and solve a two-matrix model for the tri-coloring problem of the vertices of a random triangulation. We present three different solutions: (i) by orthogonal polynomial techniques (ii) by use of a discrete Hirota bilinear equation (iii) by direct expansion. The model is found to lie in the universality class of pure two-dimensional quantum gravity, despite the non-polynomiality of its potential.
Folding the square-diagonal lattice
Creators: name: Di Francesco, P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: We study the problem of "phantom" folding of the two-dimensional square lattice, in which the edges and diagonals of each face can be folded. The non-vanishing thermodynamic folding entropy per face $s \simeq .2299(1)$ is estimated both analytically and numerically, by successively mapping the model onto a dense loop model, a spin model and a new 28 Vertex, 4-color model. Higher dimensional generalizations are investigated, as well as other foldable lattices.
Supplementary figure 7 from Letting the ‘cat’ out of the bag: pouch young development of the extinct Tasmanian tiger revealed by X-ray computed tomography
Creators: name: Newton, Axel H.
name: Frantisek Spoutil
name: Prochazka, Jan
name: Black, Jay R.
name: Medlock, Kathryn
name: Paddle, Robert N.
name: Marketa Knitlova
name: Hipsley, Christy A.
name: Pask, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: Developmental Biology

description: Allometric scaling in thylacine long bones. Scatter plots of natural log transformed thylacine forelimb (a) and hindlimb (b) long bone length versus circumference values throughout their ontogeny. All bones showed a strong positive relationship with high R2 values.
A Low-Cost Attack against the hCaptcha System
Creators: name: Hossen, Md Imran
name: Hei, Xiali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: CAPTCHAs are a defense mechanism to prevent malicious bot programs from abusing websites on the Internet. hCaptcha is a relatively new but emerging image CAPTCHA service. This paper presents an automated system that can break hCaptcha challenges with a high success rate. We evaluate our system against 270 hCaptcha challenges from live websites and demonstrate that it can solve them with 95.93% accuracy while taking only 18.76 seconds on average to crack a challenge. We run our attack from a docker instance with only 2GB memory (RAM), 3 CPUs, and no GPU devices, demonstrating that it requires minimal resources to launch a successful large-scale attack against the hCaptcha system.
description: To appear in the 15th IEEE Workshop on Offensive Technologies (WOOT 2021)
Hypothesis Testing Interpretations and Renyi Differential Privacy
Creators: name: Balle, Borja
name: Barthe, Gilles
name: Gaboardi, Marco
name: Hsu, Justin
name: Sato, Tetsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Differential privacy is a de facto standard in data privacy, with applications in the public and private sectors. A way to explain differential privacy, which is particularly appealing to statistician and social scientists is by means of its statistical hypothesis testing interpretation. Informally, one cannot effectively test whether a specific individual has contributed her data by observing the output of a private mechanism---any test cannot have both high significance and high power. In this paper, we identify some conditions under which a privacy definition given in terms of a statistical divergence satisfies a similar interpretation. These conditions are useful to analyze the distinguishability power of divergences and we use them to study the hypothesis testing interpretation of some relaxations of differential privacy based on Renyi divergence. This analysis also results in an improved conversion rule between these definitions and differential privacy.
‘GENETIC LOAD’ and changes in the chronology of early mortality in mini-pigs of ICG SB RAS
Creators: name: Nikitin, S.V.
name: Shatokhin, K.S.
name: Zaporozhets, V.I.
name: Кochnev, N.N.
name: Bashur, D.S.
name: Khodakovа, A.V.
name: Ermolaev, V.I.
Publisher: name: Agronomy Research
Year: 2020
Subjects: mini-pigs of ICG SB RAS
'genetic load’
homozygosity
inbreeding
mortality
optimization of piglets number
genetic viability potential
agriculture
article

description: This paper describes the study of the common factors of mortality of suckling piglets. It is assumed that this parameter is influenced by recessive lethal factors of the genetic load in population. An immediate subject of study was the chronological analysis of mortality in piglets from the breeding group of mini-pigs of ICG SB RAS (Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences) for the period from 2013 through 2019. The results revealed increased number of dead piglets in the early postnatal period (first five days after farrowing) over this time period. This observation was confirmed by a statistically significant correlation coefficient between the year of birth and the number of animals that died during the first five days of life. Mortality in the period from the 6th day to weaning, on the contrary, decreased to probable accidental death which was non-related to genetic causes. Observed redistribution of mortality may be associated with increased general homozygosity in population and, in part, with the optimization of the excessive for mini-pigs multiple fertility. It is possible that the consequence of the second cause is an increase in mortality and a decrease in multiple pregnancy. It is assumed that in the breeding group of mini-pigs of the ICG SB RAS, there is the process of eliminating excessive lethal ‘genetic load’ and optimizing homozygosity to a level ensuring maximum survival of piglets on the 6th day after birth. Results of regression analysis showed that the mortality of piglets in 2018 reached its maximum level and in future a decrease to the optimum level which is typical for domestic pigs is possible. In general, results of this study suggest that newborn piglets are represented by two types. The first type includes animals whose viability potential determined by recessive lethal ‘genetic load’ is zero – they cannot live outside mother’s body. The second type is represented by animals with a genetic viability potential equal to one –they can die only from accidental death.
Folding transitions of the square-diagonal lattice
Creators: name: Di Francesco, P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: We address the problem of “phantom” folding of the tethered membrane modeled by the two-dimensional square lattice, with bonds on the edges and diagonals of each face. Introducing bending rigidities K1 and K2 for respectively long and short bonds, we derive the complete phase diagram of the model, using transfer matrix calculations. The latter displays two transition curves, one corresponding to a first-order (ferromagnetic) folding transition, and the other to a continuous (anti-ferromagnetic) unfolding transition.
Regularization Methods for Nuclear Lattice Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Klein, Nico
name: Lee, Dean
name: Liu, Weitao
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate Nuclear Lattice Effective Field Theory for the two-body system for several lattice spacings at lowest order in the pionless as well as in the pionful theory. We discuss issues of regularizations and predictions for the effective range expansion. In the pionless case, a simple Gaussian smearing allows to demonstrate lattice spacing independence over a wide range of lattice spacings. We show that regularization methods known from the continuum formulation are necessary as well as feasible for the pionful approach.
description: 7 pp, 2 figs, to appear in Physics Letters B
New integrable lattice models from Fuss-Catalan algebras
Creators: name: Di Francesco, P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: We construct new hyperbolic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation, using the Fuss-Catalan algebras, a set of multi-colored versions of the Temperley-Lieb algebra, recently introduced by Bisch and Jones. These lead to new two-dimensional integrable lattice models, describing dense gases of colored loops.
(2645) William Cuthbert Barwis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(2646) Mary Hoghton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Metric results on summatory arithmetic functions on Beatty sets
Creators: name: Technau, Marc
name: Zafeiropoulos, Agamemnon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B83 (Primary) 11J83, 11K65 (Secondary)

description: Let $f\colon\mathbb{N}\rightarrow\mathbb{C}$ be an arithmetic function and consider the Beatty set $\mathcal{B}(α) = \lbrace\, \lfloor nα\rfloor : n\in\mathbb{N} \,\rbrace$ associated to a real number $α$, where $\lfloorξ\rfloor$ denotes the integer part of a real number $ξ$. We show that the asymptotic formula \[ \Bigl\lvert \sum_{\substack{ 1\leq m\leq x \\ m\in \mathcal{B}(α) }} f(m) - \frac{1}α \sum_{1\leq m\leq x} f(m) \Bigr\rvert^2 \ll_{f,α,\varepsilon} (\log x) (\log\log x)^{3+\varepsilon} \sum_{1\leq m\leq x} \lvert f(m) \rvert^2 \] holds for almost all $α>1$ with respect to the Lebesgue measure. This significantly improves an earlier result due to Abercrombie, Banks, and Shparlinski. The proof uses a recent Fourier-analytic result of Lewko and Radziwiłł based on the classical Carleson--Hunt inequality. Moreover, using a probabilistic argument, we establish the existence of functions $f\colon\mathbb{N}\to\lbrace\,\pm 1\,\rbrace$ for which the above error term is optimal up to logarithmic factors.
description: 11 pages
Coisotropic Ekeland-Hofer capacities
Creators: name: Jin, Rongrong
name: Lu, Guangcun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D35, 53C23

description: For subsets in the standard symplectic space $(\mathbb{R}^{2n},ω_0)$ whose closures are intersecting with coisotropic subspace $\mathbb{R}^{n,k}$ we construct relative versions of the Ekeland-Hofer capacities of the subsets with respect to $\mathbb{R}^{n,k}$, establish representation formulas for such capacities of bounded convex domains intersecting with $\mathbb{R}^{n,k}$. We also prove a product formula and a fact that the value of this capacity on a hypersurface $\mathcal{S}$ of restricted contact type containing the origin is equal to the action of a generalized leafwise chord on $\mathcal{S}$.
description: Published in: Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Section A: Mathematics
SO(10) theory of R-parity and neutrino mass
Creators: name: Bajc, Borut
name: Rašin, Andrija
name: Senjanović, Goran
name: Aulakh, Charanjit S.
name: Melfo, Alejandra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: We study the Higgs sector of a SO(10) grand unified theory which predicts exact conservation of R-parity at all scales and incorporates the see-saw mechanism. We find possible intermediate scales and light states compatible with the constraints coming from the running of the gauge couplings. Such a pattern could lower the SO(10) breaking scale, allowing the d=6 proton decay operators to be comparable in magnitude to the d=5 ones.
(2636) Joseph Hodgson Cumpston
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Automatic Differentiable Monte Carlo: Theory and Application
Creators: name: Zhang, Shi-Xin
name: Wan, Zhou-Quan
name: Yao, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Differentiable programming has emerged as a key programming paradigm empowering rapid developments of deep learning while its applications to important computational methods such as Monte Carlo remain largely unexplored. Here we present the general theory enabling infinite-order automatic differentiation on expectations computed by Monte Carlo with unnormalized probability distributions, which we call "automatic differentiable Monte Carlo" (ADMC). By implementing ADMC algorithms on computational graphs, one can also leverage state-of-the-art machine learning frameworks and techniques to traditional Monte Carlo applications in statistics and physics. We illustrate the versatility of ADMC by showing some applications: fast search of phase transitions and accurately finding ground states of interacting many-body models in two dimensions. ADMC paves a promising way to innovate Monte Carlo in various aspects to achieve higher accuracy and efficiency, e.g. easing or solving the sign problem of quantum many-body models through ADMC.
description: 11.5 pages + supplemental materials, 4 figures
Measurement of the lifetime difference of Bd mesons: possible and worthwhile?
Creators: name: Yoshikawa, T.
name: Kim, C. S.
name: Hurth, T.
name: Dighe, A. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: We estimate the decay width difference $\Delta Gamma_d / \Gamma_d$ in the $B_d$ system including $1/m_b$ contributions and next-to-leading order QCD corrections, and find it to be around 0.3%. We explicitly show that the time measurements of an untagged $B_d$ decaying to a single final state isotropically can only be sensitive to quadratic terms in $\Delta Gamma_d / \Gamma_d$, and hence the use of at least two different final states is desired. We discuss such pairs of candidate decay channels for the final states and explore the feasibility of a $\Delta Gamma_d / \Gamma_d$ measurement through them. The measurement of this width difference is essential for an accurate measurement of $\sin(2\beta)$ at the LHC. The nonzero width difference may also be used to identify new physics effects and to resolve a twofold discrete ambiguity in the $B_d$-$\bar{B}_d$ mixing phase. We also derive an upper bound on the value of $\Delta Gamma_d / \Gamma_d$ in the presence of new physics, and point out some differences in the phenomenology of width differences in the $B_s$ and $B_d$ systems.
A full scale Sklar's theorem in the imprecise setting
Creators: name: Omladič, Matjaž
name: Stopar, Nik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E05

description: In this paper we present a surprisingly general extension of the main result of a paper that appeared in this journal: I. Montes et al., Sklar's theorem in an imprecise setting, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 278 (2015), 48--66. The main tools we develop in order to do so are: (1) a theory on quasi-distributions based on an idea presented in a paper by R. Nelsen with collaborators; (2) starting from what is called (bivariate) $p$-box in the above mentioned paper we propose some new techniques based on what we call restricted (bivariate) $p$-box; and (3) a substantial extension of a theory on coherent imprecise copulas developed by M. Omladič and N. Stopar in a previous paper in order to handle coherence of restricted (bivariate) $p$-boxes. A side result of ours of possibly even greater importance is the following: Every bivariate distribution whether obtained on a usual $σ$-additive probability space or on an additive space can be obtained as a copula of its margins meaning that its possible extraordinariness depends solely on its margins. This might indicate that copulas are a stronger probability concept than probability itself.
description: 16 pages, minor changes
On deviations from bimaximal neutrino mixing
Creators: name: Petcov, S. T.
name: Frampton, P. H.
name: Rodejohann, Werner
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: The PMNS neutrino mixing matrix UPMNS is in general a product of two unitary matrices Ulep and Uν arising from the diagonalization of the charged lepton and neutrino mass matrices, . Assuming that Uν is a bimaximal mixing matrix, we investigate the possible forms of Ulep. We identify three possible generic structures of Ulep, which are compatible with the existing data on neutrino mixing. One corresponds to a hierarchical “CKM-like” matrix. In this case relatively large values of the solar neutrino mixing angle θsol, and of |Ue3|2≡|(UPMNS)e3|2, are typically predicted, tan2θsol≳0.42, |Ue3|2≳0.02, while the atmospheric neutrino mixing angle θatm can deviate noticeably from π/4, sin22θatm≳0.95. The second corresponds to one of the mixing angles in Ulep being equal to π/2, and predicts practically maximal atmospheric neutrino mixing sin22θatm≃1. Large atmospheric neutrino mixing, sin22θatm≳0.95, is naturally predicted by the third possible generic structure of Ulep, which corresponds to all three mixing angles in Ulep being large. We focus especially on the case of CP-non-conservation, analyzing it in detail. We show how the CP-violating phases, arising from the diagonalization of the neutrino and charged lepton mass matrices, contribute to the measured neutrino mixing observables.
Singular solutions for coercive quasilinear elliptic inequalities with nonlocal terms
Creators: name: Filippucci, Roberta
name: Ghergu, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J62, 35A23, 35B09, 35B53

description: We study the inequality $$ {\rm div}\big(|x|^{-α}|\nabla u|^{m-2}\nabla u\big)\geq (I_β\ast u^p)u^q \quad\mbox{ in } B_1\setminus\{0\}\subset {\mathbb R}^N, $$ where $α>0$, $N\geq 1$, $m>1$, $p, q>m-1$ and $I_β$ denotes the Riesz potential of order $β\in(0, N)$. We obtain sharp conditions in terms of these parameters for which positive singular solutions exist. We further establish the asymptotic profile of singular solutions to the double inequality $$ a(I_β\ast u^p)u^q\geq {\rm div}\big(|x|^{-α}|\nabla u|^{m-2}\nabla u\big)\geq b(I_β\ast u^p)u^q \quad\mbox{ in } B_1\setminus\{0\}\subset {\mathbb R}^N, $$ where $a\geq b>0$ are constants.
description: 26 pages
Eesti erosioonist häiritud muldkatted: muldade nomenklatuur ja uurimise ajalugu
Creators: name: Kõlli, Raimo
name: Tõnutare, Tõnu
Publisher: name: Agraarteadus
Year: 2020
Subjects: erosion-affected soils
eluvial and deluvial soil
year soil
Estonian soil classification
water and wind erosion
research history
article

description: The work, dedicated to the eroded soil i.e. the year 2020 soil of Estonia, consists of two-part. In Part I the general overview (a) the regularities of erosion processes and their forming conditions in the soil cover, and (b) the agro-ecological properties and nomenclature of formed erosion-affected soils (EAS), are treated. Totally in the Estonian soil classification (ESC) 11 eroded and 3 deluvial (colluvial) soil species have been determined. For the main criteria of eroded soils' determination is (a) the intensity or stage of erosion, and (b) the calcareousness of soil cover, but deluvial soils (a) the soils' water regime and (b) the thickness of formed deluvial humus horizon. In this part also the determination criteria of erosion-prone soils and the agronomic quality of EAS are analysed. In Part II the historic overview about scientific researches dedicated to the study of influenced by erosion soils during the last century in Estonia. In this overview, the main thematic issue and the role of leading scientists on researches of most actual problems are presented. The most important themes during this period were: (a) the elaboration suitable for local conditions EAS classification and methods for their field researches; (b) the distribution of EAS in Estonia; (c) the studies upon forming, composition and status of EAS-s; (d) forming databases on essential properties of EAS-s and derived from this the rules of their ecologically sustainable use, and finally (e) the international aspects of Estonian EAS presentation and local researches.
Conformal supergravity tree amplitudes from open twistor string theory
Creators: name: Dolan, Louise
name: Ihry, Jay N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: We display the vertex operators for all states in the conformal supergravity sector of the twistor string, as outlined by Berkovits and Witten. These include ‘dipole’ states, which are pairs of supergravitons that do not diagonalize the translation generators. We use canonical quantization of the open string version of Berkovits, and compute N-point tree level scattering amplitudes for gravitons, gluons and scalars. We reproduce the Berkovits–Witten formula for maximal helicity violating (MHV) amplitudes (which they derived using path integrals), and extend their results to the dipole pairs. We compare these trees with those of Einstein gravity field theory.
Supplementary figure 4 from Letting the ‘cat’ out of the bag: pouch young development of the extinct Tasmanian tiger revealed by X-ray computed tomography.
Creators: name: Newton, Axel H.
name: Frantisek Spoutil
name: Prochazka, Jan
name: Black, Jay R.
name: Medlock, Kathryn
name: Paddle, Robert N.
name: Marketa Knitlova
name: Hipsley, Christy A.
name: Pask, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: Developmental Biology

description: 3D surface model of 9.5 week old TMAG A930.
Selective coupling of optical energy into the fundamental diffusion mode of a scattering medium
Creators: name: Ojambati, Oluwafemi S.
name: Yilmaz, Hasan
name: Lagendijk, Ad
name: Mosk, Allard P.
name: Vos, Willem L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate experimentally that optical wavefront shaping selectively couples light into the fundamental diffusion mode of a scattering medium. The total energy density inside a scattering medium of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles was probed by measuring the emitted fluorescent power of spheres that were randomly positioned inside the medium. The fluorescent power of an optimized incident wave front is observed to be enhanced compared to a non-optimized incident front. The observed enhancement increases with sample thickness. Based on diffusion theory, we derive a model wherein the distribution of energy density of wavefront-shaped light is described by the fundamental diffusion mode. The agreement between our model and the data is striking not in the least since there are no adjustable parameters. Enhanced total energy density is crucial to increase the efficiency of white LEDs, solar cells, and of random lasers, as well as to realize controlled illumination in biomedical optics.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Linear integrable systems on quad-graphs
Creators: name: Bobenko, Alexander I.
name: Suris, Yuri B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the first part of the paper, we classify linear integrable (multi-dimensionally consistent) quad-equations on bipartite isoradial quad-graphs in $\mathbb C$, enjoying natural symmetries and the property that the restriction of their solutions to the black vertices satisfies a Laplace type equation. The classification reduces to solving a functional equation. Under certain restriction, we give a complete solution of the functional equation, which is expressed in terms of elliptic functions. We find two real analytic reductions, corresponding to the cases when the underlying complex torus is of a rectangular type or of a rhombic type. The solution corresponding to the rectangular type was previously found by Boutillier, de Tilière and Raschel. Using the multi-dimensional consistency, we construct the discrete exponential function, which serves as a basis of solutions of the quad-equation. In the second part of the paper, we focus on the integrability of discrete linear variational problems. We consider discrete pluri-harmonic functions, corresponding to a discrete 2-form with a quadratic dependence on the fields at black vertices only. In an important particular case, we show that the problem reduces to a two-field generalization of the classical star-triangle map. We prove the integrability of this novel 3D system by showing its multi-dimensional consistency. The Laplacians from the first part come as a special solution of the two-field star-triangle map.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures
Branes in the WZNW model
Creators: name: Creutzig, Thomas
name: Hikida, Yasuaki
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The boundary OSP(1|2) WZNW model possesses two types of branes, which are localized on supersymmetric Euclidean AdS2 and on two-dimensional superspheres. We compute the coupling of closed strings to these branes with two different methods. The first one uses factorization constraints and the other one a correspondence to boundary N=1 super-Liouville field theory, which we proof with path integral techniques. We check that the results obey the Cardy condition and reproduce the semi-classical computations. For the check we also compute the spectral density of open strings that are attached to the non-compact branes.
Supplementary figure 6 from Letting the ‘cat’ out of the bag: pouch young development of the extinct Tasmanian tiger revealed by X-ray computed tomography
Creators: name: Newton, Axel H.
name: Frantisek Spoutil
name: Prochazka, Jan
name: Black, Jay R.
name: Medlock, Kathryn
name: Paddle, Robert N.
name: Marketa Knitlova
name: Hipsley, Christy A.
name: Pask, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: Developmental Biology

description: 3D surface model of TMAG A934.
Distinct Properties of Vortex Bound States Driven by Temperature
Creators: name: Fan, Xinwei
name: Chen, Xiaoyu
name: Yang, Huan
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the behavior of vortex bound states in the quantum limit by self-consistently solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equation. We find that the energies of the vortex bound states deviates from the analytical result $E_μ=μΔ^2/E_F$ with the half-integer angular momentum $μ$ in the extreme quantum limit. Specifically, the energy ratio for the first three orders is more close to $1:2:3$ instead of $1:3:5$ at extremely low temperature. The local density of states reveals an Friedel-like behavior associated with that of the pair potential in the extreme quantum limit, which will be smoothed out by thermal effect above a certain temperature even the quantum limit condition, namely $T/T_c
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Ulrich Trichotomy on del Pezzo surfaces
Creators: name: Coskun, Emre
name: Genc, Ozhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we use a correspondence between Ulrich bundles on a projective variety and quiver representations to prove that certain del Pezzo surfaces satisfy the Ulrich trichotomy, for any given polarization.
Supplementary figure 5 from Letting the ‘cat’ out of the bag: pouch young development of the extinct Tasmanian tiger revealed by X-ray computed tomography
Creators: name: Newton, Axel H.
name: Frantisek Spoutil
name: Prochazka, Jan
name: Black, Jay R.
name: Medlock, Kathryn
name: Paddle, Robert N.
name: Marketa Knitlova
name: Hipsley, Christy A.
name: Pask, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: Developmental Biology

description: 3D surface model of 12 week old AMS P762.