cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Superconductor-insulator transition in fcc-GeSb2Te4 at elevated pressures
Creators: name: Hen, Bar
name: Layek, Samar
name: Goldstein, Moshe
name: Shelukhin, Victor
name: Shulman, Mark
name: Karpovski, Michael
name: Greenberg, Eran
name: Sterer, Eran
name: Dagan, Yoram
name: Rozenberg, Gregory Kh.
name: Palevski, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that polycrystalline GeSb2Te4 in the fcc phase (f-GST), which is an insulator at low temperature at ambient pressure, becomes a superconductor at elevated pressures. Our study of the superconductor to insulator transition versus pressure at low temperatures reveals a second order quantum phase transition with linear scaling (critical exponent close to unity) of the transition temperature with the pressure above the critical zero-temperature pressure. In addition, we demonstrate that at higher pressures the f-GST goes through a structural phase transition via amorphization to bcc GST (b-GST), which also become superconducting. We also find that the pressure regime where an inhomogeneous mixture of amorphous and b-GST exists, there is an anomalous peak in magnetoresistance, and suggest an explanation for this anomaly.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Dynamical Evolution Induced by Planet Nine
Creators: name: Batygin, Konstantin
name: Morbidelli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The observational census of trans-Neptunian objects with semi-major axes greater than ~250 AU exhibits unexpected orbital structure that is most readily attributed to gravitational perturbations induced by a yet-undetected, massive planet. Although the capacity of this planet to (i) reproduce the observed clustering of distant orbits in physical space, (ii) facilitate dynamical detachment of their perihelia from Neptune, and (iii) excite a population of long-period centaurs to extreme inclinations is well established through numerical experiments, a coherent theoretical description of the dynamical mechanisms responsible for these effects remains elusive. In this work, we characterize the dynamical processes at play, from semi-analytic grounds. We begin by considering a purely secular model of orbital evolution induced by Planet Nine, and show that it is at odds with the ensuing stability of distant objects. Instead, the long-term survival of the clustered population of long-period KBOs is enabled by a web of mean-motion resonances driven by Planet Nine. Then, by taking a compact-form approach to perturbation theory, we show that it is the secular dynamics embedded within these resonances that regulates the orbital confinement and perihelion detachment of distant Kuiper belt objects. Finally, we demonstrate that the onset of large-amplitude oscillations of orbital inclinations is accomplished through capture of low-inclination objects into a high-order secular resonance and identify the specific harmonic that drives the evolution. In light of the developed qualitative understanding of the governing dynamics, we offer an updated interpretation of the current observational dataset within the broader theoretical framework of the Planet Nine hypothesis.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Improved diffusing wave spectroscopy based on the automatized determination of the optical transport and absorption mean free path
Creators: name: Zhang, Chi
name: Reufer, Mathias
name: Gaudino, Danila
name: Scheffold, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) can be employed as an optical rheology tool with numerous applications for studying the structure, dynamics and linear viscoelastic properties of complex fluids, foams, glasses and gels. To carry out DWS measurements, one first needs to quantify the static optical properties of the sample under investigation, i.e. the transport mean free path $l^\ast$ and the absorption length $l_a$. In the absence of absorption this can be done by comparing the diffuse optical transmission to a calibration sample whose $l^\ast$ is known. Performing this comparison however is cumbersome, time consuming and prone to mistakes by the operator. Moreover, already weak absorption can lead to significant errors. In this paper, we demonstrate the implementation of an automatized approach, based on which the DWS measurement procedure can be simplified significantly. By comparison with a comprehensive set of calibration measurements we cover the entire parameter space relating measured count rates (CR$_t$, CR$_b$) to ($l^\ast$, $l_a$). Based on this approach we can determine $l^\ast$ and $l_a$ of an unknown sample accurately thus making the additional measurement of a calibration sample obsolete. We illustrate the use of this approach by monitoring the coarsening of a commercially available shaving foam with DWS.
ISO observations of a sample of 60 micron peaker galaxies
Creators: name: Laureijs, R. J.
name: Watson, D.
name: Metcalfe, L.
name: McBreen, B.
name: O'Halloran, B.
name: Clavel, J.
name: Leech, K.
name: Gallais, P.
name: Barr, P.
name: Delaney, M.
name: Hanlon, L.
name: Quilligan, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sample of IRAS galaxies with spectral energy distributions that peak near 60 microns are called Sixty Micron Peakers (SMPs or 60PKs). Their generally peculiar and amorphous morphologies, hot dust and lack of a cirrus component have been interpreted as being indicative of a recent interaction/merger event. Mid-infrared spectra of eight SMPs, obtained with ISOPHOT-S in the ~2-11 micron band are presented. Four of the observed sources are H II region-like (H2) galaxies, three are Seyfert 2 and one is unclassified. Emission attributed to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) at 6.2, 7.7 and 8.6 micron is ubiquitous in the spectra. The PHOT-S spectrum of the H2 galaxy IRAS 23446+1519 exhibits a bright 11.04 micron line and an 8.6 micron feature of comparable size to its 7.7 micron feature. [S IV] emission at 10.5 micron was detected in three of four H2 galaxies and in one Seyfert 2 galaxy. The ratio of the 7.7 \textmu m PAH feature to the continuum at 7.7 micron (PAH L/C) divides the eight SMPs at a ratio greater than 0.8 for H2 and less than 0.8 for Seyfert galaxies. An anti-correlation between PAH L/C and the ratio of the continuum flux at 5.9 micron to the flux at 60 micron is found, similar to that found in ultraluminous infrared galaxies. Silicate absorption at approximately 9.7 micron was observed in the Seyfert 2 galaxy, IRAS 04385-0828 and in IRAS 03344-2103. The previously unclassified SMP galaxy IRAS 03344-2103 is probably a Seyfert 2.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
title: INVOCATION
Creators: name: Gaborieau, Marc
name: Helffer, Mireille
name: Michailovsky, Boyd
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nepali
subject: nep
subject: Dotyal

description: Annotation of the recording of a performance by the hudke bard Camalek Bahadur Dholi, aged ~54. This is the invocation pronounced before the performance of 4 epics recorded on 4 November 1969 at the administrative center of Dandeldhura District, Nepal, by Marc Gaborieau and Mireille Helffer of the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS). The recording was transcribed in the field by Man Bahadur Kathayat of Dandeldhura on page 5 of a notebook of Gaborieau's marked "Hudkiya", with annotations were added by Gaborieau. Prof Jaya Raj Pant reviewed the transcription and prepared a translation into standard Nepali in 2007. The English and French translations were made by Boyd Michailovsky, without understanding the rhetoric and wordplay of the originals. Further materials are available at http://www.vjf.cnrs.fr/epopee.
description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
Confinement-induced resonances for a two-component ultracold atom gas in arbitrary quasi-one-dimensional traps
Creators: name: Peano, V.
name: Thorwart, M.
name: Mora, C.
name: Egger, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the two-particle s-wave scattering problem for ultracold atom gases confined in arbitrary quasi-one-dimensional trapping potentials, allowing for two different atom species. As a consequence, the center-of-mass and relative degrees of freedom do not factorize. We derive bound-state solutions and obtain the general scattering solution, which exhibits several resonances in the 1D scattering length induced by the confinement. We apply our formalism to two experimentally relevant cases: (i) interspecies scattering in a two-species mixture, and (ii) the two-body problem for a single species in a non-parabolic trap.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
Purification of Single Photons from Room-Temperature Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Feng, S. -W.
name: Cheng, C. -Y.
name: Wei, C. -Y.
name: Yang, J. -H.
name: Chen, Y. -R.
name: Chuang, Y. -W.
name: Fan, Y. -H.
name: Chuu, C. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single photon emitters are indispensable to photonic quantum technologies. Here we demonstrate waveform-controlled high-purity single photons from room-temperature colloidal quantum dots. The purity of the single photons does not vary with the excitation power, thereby allowing the generation rate to be increased without compromising the single-photon quality.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Non-Linear Sigma Model on the Fuzzy Supersphere
Creators: name: Kurkcuoglu, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we develop fuzzy versions of the supersymmetric non-linear sigma model on the supersphere S^(2,2). In hep-th/0212133 Bott projectors have been used to obtain the fuzzy CP^1 model. Our approach utilizes the use of supersymmetric extensions of these projectors. Here we obtain these (super) -projectors and quantize them in a fashion similar to the one given in hep-th/0212133. We discuss the interpretation of the resulting model as a finite dimensional matrix model.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX, corrected typos
Simultaneous baldness and cosmic baldness and Kottler spacetime
Creators: name: Faraoni, Valerio
name: Cardini, Adriana M.
name: Chung, Wen-Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The uniqueness of the Kottler/Schwarzschild-de Sitter solution of the vacuum Einstein equations with positive cosmological constant is discussed and certain putative alternatives are shown to either solve different equations or to be the KSdS solution in disguise. A simultaneous no-hair and cosmic no-hair theorem for the KSdS geometry in the presence of an imperfect fluid is proved.
description: 9 pages, no figures. Comments welcome
Comparison of numerical methods for the reconstruction of elastic obstacles from the far-field data of scattered acoustic waves
Creators: name: Elschner, Johannes
name: Hsiao, George C.
name: Rathsfeld, Andreas
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: acoustic and elastic waves
subject: inverse scattering
subject: simple Newton iteration
subject: Kirsch-Kress method
subject: 35R30
subject: 76Q05
subject: 35J05

description: We consider the inverse problem for an elastic body emerged in a fluid due to an acoustic wave. The shape of this obstacle is to be reconstructed from the far-field pattern of the scattered wave. For the numerical solution in the two-dimensional case, we compare a simple Newton type iteration method with the Kirsch-Kress algorithm. Our computational tests reveal that the Kirsch-Kress method converges faster for obstacles with very smooth boundaries. The simple Newton method, however, is more stable in the case of not so smooth domains and more robust with respect to measurement errors.
title: Rani Raut
Creators: name: Gaborieau, Marc
name: Helffer, Mireille
name: Michailovsky, Boyd
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nepali
subject: nep
subject: Dotyal

description: Annotation of the recording of a performance by the bard Camalek Bahadur Dholi, aged ~54, and two assistants. This is the last of 4 epics recorded on 4 November 1969 at the administrative center of Dandeldhura District, Nepal, by Marc Gaborieau and Mireille Helffer of the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS). The recording was transcribed in the field by Man Bahadur Kathayat of Dandeldhura in a notebook of Gaborieau's marked "HUDKIYA" (right-hand pages numbered 1-27 — a new numbering at the end of the notebook), with annotations added by Gaborieau. Prof. Jaya Raj Pant revised the transcription and prepared a translation into standard Nepali and notes in 2007. The transcription was again revised and compared with the recording by Mr Man Bahadur Shahu in 2009. The English translation, based these annotations and Gaborieau's notes, was prepared by Boyd Michailovsky in 2008-2010. Further materials are available at http://www.vjf.cnrs.fr/epopee.
description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
A theoretical light-curve model for the 1985 outburst of RS Ophiuchi
Creators: name: Hachisu, Izumi
name: Kato, Mariko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical light-curve model of the 1985 outburst of RS Ophiuchi is presented based on a thermonuclear runaway (TNR) model. The system consists of a very massive white dwarf (WD) with an accretion disk (ACDK) and a red giant (RG). The early phase of the V light curve is well reproduced only by the bloated WD photosphere of the TNR model on a 1.35 +/- 0.01 M_sun WD while the later phase is dominated both by the irradiated ACDK and by the irradiated RG underfilling the inner critical Roche lobe. The UV light curve is also well reproduced by the same model with the distance of 0.6 kpc to RS Oph. The envelope mass at the optical peak is estimated to be 2 x 10^{-6} M_sun, indicating a rather high mass accretion rate of 1.2 x 10^{-7} M_sun yr^{-1} between the 1967 and the 1985 outbursts. About 90% of the envelope mass is blown off in the outburst wind while the residual 10% (2 x 10^{-7} M_sun) has been left and added to the helium layer of the WD. The net increasing rate of the WD mass is 1.2 x 10^{-8} M_sun yr^{-1}. Thus, RS Oph is certainly a strong candidate for a Type Ia supernova progenitor.
description: 7 pages including 3 figures, to appear in the Astrophysical Journal, Letters
A molecular dynamics view of hysteresis and functional fatigue in martensitic transformations
Creators: name: Kastner, Oliver
name: Ackland, Graeme J.
name: Eggeler, Gunther
name: Weiss, Wolf
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Martensitic transformations
subject: shape memory alloys
subject: solid-solid phase transitions
subject: hysteresis
subject: functional fatigue
subject: 74N15
subject: 70F10
subject: 70E50
subject: 82B26
subject: 74N30

description: Shape memory alloys (SMA) exhibit a number of features which are not easily explained by equilibrium thermodynamics, including hysteresis in the phase transformation and ?reverse? shape memory in the high symmetry phase. Processing can change these features: repeated cycling can ?train? the reverse shape memory effect, while changing the amount of hysteresis and other functional properties. These effects are likely to be due to creation of persistent localised defects, which are impossible to study using non-atomistic methods. Here we present a molecular dynamics simulation study of this behaviour. To ensure the largest possible system size, we use a two dimensional binary Lennard-Jones model, which represents a reliable qualitative model system for martensite/austenite transformations. The evolution of the defect structure and its excess energy is investigated in simulations of cyclic transformation/ reverse transformation processes with 160,000 atoms. The simulations show that the transformation proceeds by non-diffusive nucleation and growth processes and produces distinct microstructure. Upon transformation, lattice defects are generated which affect subsequent transformations and vary the potential energy landscape of the sample. Some of the defects persist through the transformation, providing nucleation centres for subsequent cycles. Such defects may provide a memory of previous structures, and thereby may be the basis of a reversible shape memory effect.
title: Rani Maula
Creators: name: Gaborieau, Marc
name: Helffer, Mireille
name: Michailovsky, Boyd
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nepali
subject: nep
subject: Dotyal

description: Annotation of the recording of a performance by the hudke bard Bahadur Dholi, aged ~54, of Camalek (?) village, and two assistants. This is the third of 4 epics recorded on 4 November 1969 at the administrative center of Dandeldhura District, Nepal, by Marc Gaborieau and Mireille Helffer of the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS). The recording was transcribed in the field by Man Bahadur Kathayat of Dandeldhura in a notebook of Gaborieau's marked "HUDKIYA" (right-hand pages, new numbering 1-27, following p. 66), with annotations added by Gaborieau. Prof Jaya Raj Pant revised the transcription and prepared a translation into standard Nepali, a plot outline, and vocabulary notes in 2007. Marie Lecomte-Tilouine prepared the French translation in 2008. The English translation, based on these annotations and Gaborieau's notes, was prepared by Boyd Michailovsky in 2008-2010. The transcription was again revised for conformity to the recording by Mr Man Bahadur Shahu in 2009. Further materials are available at http://www.vjf.cnrs.fr/epopee.
description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
Different Melting Behavior in Pentane and Heptane Monolayers on Graphite; Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Creators: name: Pint, Cary L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics simulations are utilized to study the melting transition in pentane (C5H12) and heptane (C7H16), physisorbed onto the basal plane of graphite at near-monolayer coverages. Through use of the newest, optimized version of the anisotropic united-atom model (AUA4) to simulate both systems at two separate coverages, this study provides evidence that the melting transition for pentane and heptane monolayers are significantly different. Specifically, this study proposes a very rapid transition from the solid crystalline rectangular-centered (RC) phase to a fluid phase in pentane monolayers, whereas heptane monolayers exhibit a slower transition that involves a more gradual loss of RC order in the solid-fluid phase transition. Through a study of the melting behavior, encompassing variations where the formation of gauche defects in the alkyl chains are eliminated, this study proposes that this gradual melting behavior for heptane monolayers is a result of less orientational mobility of the heptane molecules in the solid RC phase, as compared to the pentane molecules. This idea is supported through a study of a nonane monolayer, which gives the gradual melting signature that heptane monolayers also seem to indicate. The results of this work are compared to previous experiment over pentane and heptane monolayers, and are found to be in good agreement.
Primal-dual linear Monte Carlo algorithm for multiple stopping --- An application to flexible caps
Creators: name: Balder, Sven
name: Mahayni, Antje
name: Schoenmakers, John G. M.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Multiple stopping
subject: dual representation
subject: flexible caps
subject: linear regression
subject: Monte Carlo simulation
subject: 60G40
subject: 91B28
subject: 65C05

description: In this paper we consider the valuation of Bermudan callable derivatives with multiple exercise rights. We present in this context a new primal-dual linear Monte Carlo algorithm that allows for efficient simulation of lower and upper price bounds without using nested simulations (hence the terminology). The algorithm is essentially an extension of a primal-dual Monte Carlo algorithm for standard Bermudan options proposed in Schoenmakers et al (2011), to the case of multiple exercise rights. In particular, the algorithm constructs upwardly a system of dual martingales to be plugged into the dual representation of Schoenmakers (2010). At each level the respective martingale is constructed via a backward regression procedure starting at the last exercise date. The thus constructed martingales are finally used to compute an upper price bound. At the same time, the algorithm also provides approximate continuation functions which may be used to construct a price lower bound. The algorithm is applied to the pricing of flexible caps in a Hull White (1990) model setup. The simple model choice allows for comparison of the computed price bounds with the exact price which is obtained by means of a trinomial tree implementation. As a result, we obtain tight price bounds for the considered application. Moreover, the algorithm is generically designed for multi-dimensional problems and is tractable to implement.
Conformational and static properties of tagged chains in solvents: effect of chain connectivity in solvent molecules
Creators: name: Li, Hong-Yao
name: Zhang, Bokai
name: Wang, Zhi-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polymer chains immersed in different solvent molecules exhibit diverse properties due to multiple spatiotemporal scales and complex interactions. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we study the conformational and static properties of tagged chains in different solvent molecules. Two types of solvent molecules were examined: one type consisted of chain molecules connected by bonds, while the other type consisted of individual bead molecules without any bonds. The only difference between the two solvent molecules lay in the chain connectivity. Our results show a compression of the tagged chains with the addition of bead or chain molecules. Chain molecule confinement induces a stronger compression compared to bead molecule confinement. In chain solvent molecules, the tagged chain's radius of gyration reached a minimum at a monomer volume fraction of $\sim0.3$. Notably, the probability distributions of chain size remain unchanged at different solvent densities, irrespective of whether the solvent consists of beads or polymers. Furthermore, as solvent density increases, a crossover from a unimodal to a bimodal distribution of bond angles is observed, indicating the presence of both compressed and expanded regions within the chain. The effective monomer-solvent interaction is obtained by calculating the partial radial distribution function and the potential of the mean force. In chain solvent, the correlation hole effect results in a reduced number of nearest neighbors around tagged monomers compared to bead solvents. The calculation of pore size distribution reveals that the solvent nonhomogeneity induced by chain connectivity leads to a broader distribution of pore sizes and larger pore dimensions at low volume fractions. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the conformational behavior of polymer chains in different solvent environments.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
$I=2$ $ππ$ scattering phase shift from the HAL QCD method with the LapH smearing
Creators: name: Kawai, Daisuke
name: Aoki, Sinya
name: Doi, Takumi
name: Ikeda, Yoichi
name: Inoue, Takashi
name: Iritani, Takumi
name: Ishii, Noriyoshi
name: Miyamoto, Takaya
name: Nemura, Hidekatsu
name: Sasaki, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physical observables, such as the scattering phase shifts and the binding energies, calculated from the non-local HAL QCD potential do not depend on the sink operators used to define the potential. This is called the scheme independence of the HAL QCD method. In practical applications, the derivative expansion of the non-local potential is employed, so that physical observables may receive some scheme dependence at given order of the expansion. In this paper, we compare the $I=2$ $ππ$ scattering phase shifts obtained in the point-sink scheme (the standard scheme in the HAL QCD method) and the smeared-sink scheme (the LapH smearing newly introduced in the HAL QCD method). Although potentials in different schemes have different forms as expected, we find that, for reasonably small smearing size, the resultant scattering phase shifts agree with each other if the next-to-leading order (NLO) term is taken into account. We also find that the HAL QCD potential in the point-sink scheme has negligible NLO term for wide range of energies, which implies a good convergence of the derivative expansion in this case, while the potential in the smeared-sink scheme has non-negligible NLO contribution. Implication of this observation to the future studies of resonance channels (such as the $I=0$ and $1$ $ππ$ scatterings) with smeared all-to-all propagators is briefly discussed. All computations in this paper have been performed at the lattice spacing $a\simeq 0.12$ fm ($1/a \simeq 1.6$ GeV) on a $16^3\times 32$ lattice with the pion mass $m_π\simeq 870$ MeV.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures
Model Checking for Fragments of Halpern and Shoham's Interval Temporal Logic Based on Track Representatives
Creators: name: Molinari, Alberto
name: Montanari, Angelo
name: Peron, Adriano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1; D.2.4
subject: 03B70, 68Q60

description: Model checking allows one to automatically verify a specification of the expected properties of a system against a formal model of its behaviour (generally, a Kripke structure). Point-based temporal logics, such as LTL, CTL, and CTL*, that describe how the system evolves state-by-state, are commonly used as specification languages. They proved themselves quite successful in a variety of application domains. However, properties constraining the temporal ordering of temporally extended events as well as properties involving temporal aggregations, which are inherently interval-based, can not be properly dealt with by them. Interval temporal logics (ITLs), that take intervals as their primitive temporal entities, turn out to be well-suited for the specification and verification of interval properties of computations (we interpret all the tracks of a Kripke structure as computation intervals). We study the model checking problem for some fragments of Halpern and Shoham's modal logic of time intervals (HS). HS features one modality for each possible ordering relation between pairs of intervals (the so-called Allen's relations). First, we describe an EXPSPACE model checking algorithm for the HS fragment of Allen's relations meets, met-by, starts, started-by, and finishes, which exploits the possibility of finding, for each track (of unbounded length), an equivalent bounded-length track representative. While checking a property, it only needs to consider tracks whose length does not exceed the given bound. We prove the model checking problem for such a fragment to be PSPACE-hard. Finally, we identify other well-behaved HS fragments which are expressive enough to capture meaningful interval properties of systems, such as mutual exclusion, state reachability, and non-starvation, and whose complexity is less than or equal to that of LTL.
How important is the three-nucleon force?
Creators: name: Saito, T-Y.
name: Afnan, I. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By calculating the contribution of the $π-π$ three-body force to the three-nucleon binding energy in terms of the $πN$ amplitude using perturbation theory, we are able to determine the contribution of the different $πN$ partial waves to the three-nucleon force. The division of the $πN$ amplitude into a pole and nonpole gives a unique procedure for the determination of the $πNN$ form factor in the model. The total contribution of the three-body force to the binding energy of the triton is found to be very small.
description: 16 page RevTeX manuscript, two figures available from authors I.R.Afnan@flinders.edu.au, to be published in Phys.Rev.C
title: The hare and the jackal
title: Le lièvre et le chacal
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Saso ra syal
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie
name: Michailovsky, Boyd
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nepali
subject: nep
subject: Achhame

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
Positive solutions for superdiffusive mixed problems
Creators: name: Papageorgiou, Nikolaos S.
name: Rădulescu, Vicenţiu D.
name: Repovš, Dušan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J20, 35J25, 35J60

description: We study a semilinear parametric elliptic equation with superdiffusive reaction and mixed boundary conditions. Using variational methods, together with suitable truncation techniques, we prove a bifurcation-type theorem describing the nonexistence, existence and multiplicity of positive solutions.
Oscillating structure of γ-bursts and their possible origin
Creators: name: Gershtein, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As it is well-known that the hydrodinamic collapse of the massive star iron core should lead to the production of a hot neutron star. The assumption is made that the thermonuclear burning of the envelope matter, accreting onto the hot neutron star, can proceed in the oscillatoric regime (analogously to that happens during heat explosion of the carbon-oxigene cores of stars with smaller masses). Local density oscillations in the vicinity of the neutron star surface can generate shock waves, in which the stratification of the electron-positron plasma from the rest of the matter can happen due to the light preasure. In the case of the spherically symmetric collapse of the compact star it can lead to the production of the expanding relativistic fireball shells with characteristic oscillation time of ~ 10^{-2} s, observed in the cosmological γ-bursts (GRB), can occur. It is pointed out that nonrotating massive Wolf-Rayet's (WR) stars could be the source for the GRB, whose collapses, according to a number of observations, can happen without any noticeable ejection of the envelope.
description: 11 pages, latex-file, 2 eps figures
The structural and stratigraphic evolution of the Celtic Sea Basins, offshore Ireland
Creators: name: Rowell, Philip, 1952-
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Geology--Celtic Sea
subject: Seismic prospecting--Celtic Sea
subject: Geology, Stratigraphic

description: The Celtic Sea area, offshore southern Ireland, is underlain by several discrete rift basins, part of a larger set of such basins which developed marginal to the North Atlantic within the tectonic framework of Pangea break-up and episodic opening of the North Atlantic Ocean. This study investigates tectonic processes of rift basin formation by analysis of the structural and stratigraphic evolution of the Celtic Sea basins, with particular emphasis on the influence of preexisting crustal structure on that evolution. The Paleozoic Caledonian and Variscan orogenies each imprinted distinct structural grains on this area, and the intersecting pattern of these tectonic lineaments provided the structural framework for the subsequent Triassic, Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous rifting phases. Detailed study of the largest basin in the area, the North Celtic Sea Basin, using an extensive well and seismic database, indicates that the mode of reactivation of these preexisting lines of structural weakness depended on the orientation of the principal extensional stress direction relative to these lineaments. The Triassic and Late Jurassic northwest-southeast oriented extensional stress reactivated Caledonian lineaments as half-graben boundary faults and Variscan lineaments as transfer zones. On the other hand, the Early Cretaceous extensional stress was oriented north-south, oblique to the Caledonian trend, resulting in transtensional pull-apart basin geometries dominated by Variscan lineament reactivation. Subsequent north-south compressional stresses related to the Alpine orogeny reactivated both Caledonian and Variscan lineaments in a conjugate shear pattern of strike-slip deformation. This structural evolution model demonstrates the intrinsic relationship between plate tectonic setting, preexisting crustal structure and the resulting structural style. It also provides insight into the variable influence of tectonism on depositional system development. During Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous rifting, depositional sequences were predominantly controlled by tectonics and partly conformed to empirically derived tectono-stratigraphic models of sequence development in nonmarine rifts. Depositional environments changed from fluvial to lacustrine as each rifting episode evolved through its early to active rift stages. In addition, axial transport of sediment, accentuated by regional tectonics and climatic changes, was a dominant control on facies distribution during Early Cretaceous rifting. During periods of tectonic quiescence, changes in base level were more eustatically driven and sedimentation was less influenced by preexisting crustal structure. The identification and discrimination of these controls on depositional system development in evolving rift basins aids in determining potential stratigraphic distributions within these basins
Modeling high resolution MRI: Statistical issues with low SNR
Creators: name: Polzehl, Jörg
name: Tabelow, Karsten
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 62G05
subject: 62P10

description: Noise is a common issue for all Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques and obviously leads to variability of the estimates in any model describing the data. A number of special MR sequences as well as increasing spatial resolution in MR experiments further diminish the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). However, with low SNR the expected signal deviates from its theoretical value. Common modeling approaches therefore lead to a bias in estimated model parameters. Adjustments require an analysis of the data generating process and a characterization of the resulting distribution of the imaging data. We provide an adequate quasi-likelihood approach that employs these characteristics. We elaborate on the effects of typical data preprocessing and analyze the bias effects related to low SNR for the example of the diffusion tensor model in diffusion MRI. We then demonstrate that the problem is relevant even for data from the Human Connectome Project, one of the highest quality diffusion MRI data available so far.
Glass formation in mechanically interlocked ring polymers: the role of induced chain stiffness
Creators: name: Li, Jian
name: Zhang, Bokai
name: Li, Yushan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polymer-related materials exhibit rich glassy behaviors at different length scales due to their various molecular structures and topological constraints. Recent studies have identified transient interpenetration of the long-chain rings contributing to dynamic arrest on the center-of-mass level. Interpenetration of rings is proposed as an approach to facilitate glass formation in polymer melts. In this work, inspired by recent advances in the synthesis of mechanically interlocked polymers, we investigate glass transition on the nanometer-scale segments influenced by permanent interpenetration of rings using molecular dynamics simulations. We find that decreasing chain length in the mechanically interlocked system is equivalent to inducing an effective chain stiffness on the sub-rings. The induced stiffness provides a unified explanation for these unique structural features and transient dynamic arrest in the system of interlocked rings with rather short chains. Further, a crossover is observed in the scaling relation between localization and glassy depth upon cooling. Our work reveals a dynamic transition from weak to strong caging at the crossover temperature. According to the localization model, we demonstrate that the chain stiffness increases the critical temperature and oscillation distance, therefore leads to more fragile dynamics and deeper glassy state. These findings are consistent with the predictions of molecular simulations and theories for polymers with real local stiffness. Our work deepens the understanding of the role of induced stiffness on glass transition, and opens up a new direction to design rich glass materials by manipulating stiffness through mechanical bonds.
description: 35 pages, 8 figures
Offer money, they will accept: linkages between authoritarian tendencies and clientelist targeting in Africa
Creators: name: Stankov, Nemanja
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Understanding clientelist practices is one of the core issues to unravel to ensure the proper functioning of electoral institutions. This article focuses on the decision of patrons/brokers on who to target, introducing a new norm into the picture – authoritarianism. Building on the theories of norm-based compliance, I argued that authoritarian individuals should be more frequently targeted, as they should be more likely to comply with brokers demands without external monitoring. I posit that this is true because authoritarian individuals should be more willing to submit to the will and demands of authorities (brokers), and because they are likely to evaluate clientelism as morally acceptable and a legitimate electoral strategy. Furthermore, the rate of authoritarian targeting should be higher in institutional settings that limit the overall reach of clientelism. Utilizing Afrobarometer (2011-2013) data for 34 countries, through multilevel regression modelling I show that authoritarian individuals do have a higher chance of being targeted with the strength of this association increasing as the district magnitude rises. This article opens a new avenue of research that introduces individual level authoritarianism into the literature on clientelist targeting and complements the norm-based compliance approach with a focus on a new and potentially influential norm.
Transfer Matrices for the Partition Function of the Potts Model on Toroidal Lattice Strips
Creators: name: Chang, Shu-Chiuan
name: Shrock, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for calculating transfer matrices for the $q$-state Potts model partition functions $Z(G,q,v)$, for arbitrary $q$ and temperature variable $v$, on strip graphs $G$ of the square (sq), triangular (tri), and honeycomb (hc) lattices of width $L_y$ vertices and of arbitrarily great length $L_x$ vertices, subject to toroidal and Klein bottle boundary conditions. For the toroidal case we express the partition function as $Z(Λ, L_y \times L_x,q,v) = \sum_{d=0}^{L_y} \sum_j b_j^{(d)} (λ_{Z,Λ,L_y,d,j})^m$, where $Λ$ denotes lattice type, $b_j^{(d)}$ are specified polynomials of degree $d$ in $q$, $λ_{Z,Λ,L_y,d,j}$ are eigenvalues of the transfer matrix $T_{Z,Λ,L_y,d}$ in the degree-$d$ subspace, and $m=L_x$ ($L_x/2$) for $Λ=sq, tri (hc)$, respectively. An analogous formula is given for Klein bottle strips. We exhibit a method for calculating $T_{Z,Λ,L_y,d}$ for arbitrary $L_y$. In particular, we find some very simple formulas for the determinant $det(T_{Z,Λ,L_y,d})$, and trace $Tr(T_{Z,Λ,L_y})$. Corresponding results are given for the equivalent Tutte polynomials for these lattice strips and illustrative examples are included.
description: 52 pages, latex, 10 figures
Autocracy's long reach: explaining host country influences on transnational repression
Creators: name: Michaelsen, Marcus
name: Ruijgrok, Kris
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Authoritarian regimes frequently reach across borders to repress against exiled dissidents. Existing scholarship has investigated the methods and effects of transnational repression. Yet, we lack knowledge of the role that the political context of a host country and its relations to the origin country of diasporas play in incidents of transnational repression. Addressing this gap, we use a Freedom House dataset on physical acts of transnational repression (2014–2020) to study how the regime type of the host country and the regional ties between the host and origin country influence the likelihood and type of transnational repression incidents. Conducting a logistic regression analysis with yearly directed dyads, we find that to target exiles in autocratic host states perpetrators primarily rely on the cooperation of authorities, whereas in democratic host states they resort more often to direct attacks. We also show that authoritarian cooperation on transnational repression is regionally clustered: it often occurs when home and host state are situated within the same authoritarian neighbourhood, and partly also when they are members in the same regional organization. Our article reveals some of the host state conditions and relational dynamics that shape the decisions and strategies of transnational repression perpetrators.
РАЗВИТИЕ ТРАНСПОРТНОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ КАК ПРИОРИТЕТ РАЗВИТИЯ ЭКОНОМИКИ ДАГЕСТАНА
Creators: name: ИСМАИЛОВА ФАТИМА НУРУДИНОВНА
name: БОРИСОВА ЛЮДМИЛА АЛЕКСАНДРОВНА
Publisher: name: УЭПС: управление, экономика, политика, социология
Year: 2019
Subjects: РЕГИОН
ТРАНСПОРТ
ТРАНСПОРТНАЯ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРА
ТРАНСПОРТНАЯ СИСТЕМА
ТРАНСПОРТНО ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКАЯ СИСТЕМА
ЭКОНОМИКА
ПРОЕКТЫ
REGION
TRANSPORT
TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
TRANSPORT SYSTEM
TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SYSTEM
ECONOMY
PROJECTS

description: В данной статье рассматривается транспортная инфраструктура, как важнейшая часть экономики, от функционирования и развития которой зависит экономическое состояние региона и страны в целом. Рассмотрены проекты развития объектов транспортной инфраструктуры региона на основе различных государственных программ. Приведены примеры развития транспортной инфраструктуры на примере Республика Дагестан
Syntactic and Semantic Features For Code-Switching Factored Language Models
Creators: name: Adel, Heike
name: Vu, Ngoc Thang
name: Kirchhoff, Katrin
name: Telaar, Dominic
name: Schultz, Tanja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents our latest investigations on different features for factored language models for Code-Switching speech and their effect on automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance. We focus on syntactic and semantic features which can be extracted from Code-Switching text data and integrate them into factored language models. Different possible factors, such as words, part-of-speech tags, Brown word clusters, open class words and clusters of open class word embeddings are explored. The experimental results reveal that Brown word clusters, part-of-speech tags and open-class words are the most effective at reducing the perplexity of factored language models on the Mandarin-English Code-Switching corpus SEAME. In ASR experiments, the model containing Brown word clusters and part-of-speech tags and the model also including clusters of open class word embeddings yield the best mixed error rate results. In summary, the best language model can significantly reduce the perplexity on the SEAME evaluation set by up to 10.8% relative and the mixed error rate by up to 3.4% relative.
description: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing (Volume: 23, Issue: 3, March 2015)
title: The idiot brother
title: Le frère crétin
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Lato Bhai
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie
name: Michailovsky, Boyd
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nepali
subject: nep
subject: Achhame

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
Common enemies? Coups, insurgent strength and intra-elite competition: evidence from Latin America
Creators: name: Kreiman, Guillermo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: What is the relation between coups d’etat and civil wars? While a wide set of studies have traced the determinants of internal armed conflicts and coup attempts, the interplay between these contentious processes remains unexplored. Building on different strands of research, this article seeks to explain why, and under what conditions, some regimes experience coup attempts in the midst of civil wars while others do not. Concretely, I posit that coup attempts during internal armed conflicts are more likely to occur when two conditions converge: when insurgents reach a medium-level of strength in situations of intra-elite competition. Key military forces, elite outsiders and coalition insiders interpret this situation as a unique opportunity for changes in the distribution of power and potentially coalesce through the formation of alternative regime coalitions. This argument is tested with a novel dataset on 90 Latin American revolutionary socialist insurgencies active since 1950 and a qualitative case study of the dynamics leading to the 1976 coup d’etat in Argentina, with results supporting the theoretical expectations. These findings contribute to a more detailed understanding of the relation between coups and civil wars, opening the way for further studies on this burgeoning area of research.