cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chaetoceros peruvianus Brightwell 1856
Creators: name: Bosak, Sunčica
name: Sarno, Diana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Chaetocerotales
Chaetocerotaceae
Chaetoceros
Chaetoceros peruvianus

description: Chaetoceros peruvianus Brightwell (1856: 107) (Figs 24–26)
 References:— Hustedt (1930), Cupp (1943), Rines & Hargraves (1988), Hernández-Becerril (1996), Shevchenko et al. (2006), Sunesen et al. (2008), Kooistra et al. (2010).
 Synonyms: — Chaetoceros convexicornis Mangin, Chaetoceros peruvianus var. currens Peragallo, Chaetoceros peruvioatlanticus Karsten, Chaetoceros chilensis Krasske.
 Morphometry: —a.a.: 15–39 μm; p.a.: 16–33 μm
 LM: —Cells are solitary, containing numerous small plastids located in the cell body and in the setae (Figs 24–26). The frustules are heterovalvate with a convex anterior valve and a concave posterior valve. The mantle of both valves is usually high, with a distinct constriction near the mantle edge, and the girdle is small. All setae lie in the apical plane and are oriented towards the same (posterior) end of the cell (Fig. 24). The setae of the anterior valve emerge very close to the valve centre and are drawn up in the pervalvar direction touching each other with a groove between them, and fuse in the valve centre (Fig. 25). The setae then sharply bend back in a curve toward the posterior end of the cell. The posterior setae originate close to the valve margins and then curve from the cell in the same direction as the anterior ones becoming almost parallel to the pervalvar axis. Setae are thick, coarse, long and ornamented with spines visible in LM (Fig. 26).
 Distinctive features: —Solitary, heterovalvar cells, all setae curved towards the posterior cell end. Basal parts of anterior setae touching each other with a groove between them.
description: Published as part of Bosak, Sunčica & Sarno, Diana, 2017, The planktonic diatom genus Chaetoceros Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyta) from the Adriatic Sea, pp. 1-44 in Phytotaxa 314 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.314.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13700770
Structural Analysis and Understanding of Graphical Layouts in Documents
Creators: name: BIswas, Sanket
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: document object detection
graphical layout understanding
transfer learning
domain adaptation
synthetic data generation
structural pattern recognition
document layout generation
document layout analysis

description: In computer vision applied to document understanding, layout is a fundamental component. Many document categories usually follow a (pseudo) structural formalism that described a document as a valid instance of a given syntax. Examples exist in different categories: invoices, forms, graphical diagrams, scientific articles and so on. In all these cases, the constituent terms are not only recognized individually as a result of an OCR engine, but, especially when the image interpretation conveys semantic labeling (Named Entity Recognition), the geometric context where they appear plays a fundamental role. Layout information in the form of graphical elements (tables, figures, paragraphs etc.) play a vital role in conveying rich and valuable information contained in a document. In this work, we present novel end-to-end deep learning based object detection frameworks using different public benchmark datasets to localize and structurally understand complex graphical layouts in document images. We also try to investigate the concept of transfer learning and domain adaptation to handle the scarcity of labeled training data for the object detection task in document images. Performance analysis and extensive experiments has been carried out on the benchmark datasets like PubLayNet, ICDAR-POD 2017 and ICDAR-RDCL 2019 to study the impact of these concepts and derive significant insight. Finally, we have proposed an automated generative model using Graph Neural Networks(GNNs) to generate synthetic data that can be used to train document interpretation systems, in this case, specially in digital mailroom applications. It is interesting to note that our synthetic graph generation model also becomes the first baseline approach experimented on administrative document images, in this case, invoices. Additionally, a novel dataset derived from RVL-CDIP invoice data has been also contributed to the community.

description: This is the master thesis dissertation of Sanket Biswas, who graduated in the Master of Computer Vision (MCV) course for the session 2019-20. His dissertation was awarded an excellent grade by the MCV thesis committee members consisting of Jordi Gonzalez Sabate (UAB) , Veronica Vilaplana (UPC) and Jorge Bernal (UAB). His MCV thesis was supervised by Josep Lladós, Director of the Computer Vision Center (CVC) and Associate Professor at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB).
Baryon effects on the location of QCD's critical end point
Creators: name: Eichmann, Gernot
name: Fischer, Christian S.
name: Welzbacher, Christian A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The location of the critical end point of QCD has been determined in previous studies of $N_f=2+1$ and $N_f=2+1+1$ dynamical quark flavors using a (truncated) set of Dyson-Schwinger equations for the quark and gluon propagators of Landau-gauge QCD. A source for systematic errors in these calculations has been the omission of terms in the quark-gluon interaction that can be parametrized in terms of baryonic degrees of freedom. These have a potentially large dependence on chemical potential and therefore may affect the location of the critical end point. In this exploratory study we estimate the effects of these contributions, both in the vacuum and at finite temperature and chemical potential. We find only a small influence of baryonic contributions on the location of the critical end point. We estimate the robustness of this result by parameterizing further dependencies on chemical potential.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, v2: minor changes, version accepted by PRD
Determining Current Practices for College and University Electronic Records Management Programs: Follow-up Interviews
Creators: name: Brantley, Stephanie A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010
Subjects: College and university archives
Electronic resources management
Surveys--College and university libraries
Electronic data archives

description: The establishment and implementation of electronic records management (ERM) programs in academic institutions has become a focus of numerous studies in recent years. The interviews conducted for this study were follow-ups to a study completed between 2005-2009 by Lisl Zach and Marcia Frank Peri. The objective of Zach and Peri's study was to gain an understanding of the work currently being done with ERM programs in college and university archives. The purpose of this study was to follow-up on the original interviews to determine how much, if any, progress had been made in the last four years.   Analysis of the information collected during the interviews indicates that significant progress has not been made since the original interviews. The majority of the participants recognize the importance of ERM programs and are eager to implement these programs, however, a lack of support and training prevents these programs from being established and successful.
LOSING IT: KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
Creators: name: Clarke, Alan
name: Raffay, Agnes
name: Wiltshier, Peter
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: Knowledge management and the development of the destination’s capacity of the intellectual skills needed to use tourism as an effective tool in the search for regeneration and development are central themes explored within this paper. The authors have lived and worked with the problems inherent in short term funding of special projects designed to achieve or facilitate tourism development. We have witnessed with growing sadness the results – and the lack of them – as funding cycles end and staff with experience move away. Development processes require multi-stakeholder involvement at all levels, bringing together governments, NGOs, residents, industry and professionals in a partnership that determines the amount and kind of tourism that a community wants (Sirakaya et al., 2001). Planners need to provide knowledge sharing mechanisms to residents, visitors, industry and other stakeholders in order to raise public and political awareness. We note an absence of literature relating to the capacity of communities to learn from short-term funded projects that inherently are destined to provide a strategic blueprint for destination development and in most cases regeneration through community-based tourism action.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2009)
An Analysis of Inventory Management Techniques for Reference Materials at North Carolina Academic Libraries
Creators: name: Dusto, David J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009
Subjects: Reference services (Libraries)
Academic libraries--Collection development

description: Academic libraries use many different techniques for determining how to de-select reference materials. However, the area of reference materials is undergoing great change  due to a rapid increase in the use of electronic and online resources, necessitating changes  in the de-selection process. A survey was taken by reference librarians at academic  libraries belonging to the University of North Carolina system who were asked for their  opinions on the inventory management techniques used at their institutions, as well as  their thoughts on the future of reference materials. The responses reveal a strong shift  towards smaller print reference collections and a general shift towards the use of  electronic resources over print materials. Print materials are still viewed as retaining  value to end-users and are unlikely to disappear in the near future.
Artists' Books in Libraries: Current Practices & the Issue of Standards and Guidelines
Creators: name: Fellowes, Cristianne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003
Subjects: Libraries Special collections Artists' books
Art libraries
Artists' books

description: This study examines artists' books in the context of libraries. In addition to a review of  the literature, qualitative interviews were conducted with five individuals who are  responsible for collections of artists' books in academic libraries. The interviews focused  on current practices and procedures for handling artists' books, as well as professional  opinion regarding standards and guidelines for collecting, processing, preserving, and  managing collections of artists' books. Topics explored in depth include defining the  term artists' books, reasons for collecting artists' books in libraries, information-seeking  behaviors related to artists' books, how they are treated differently from other material in  the collection, the debate over national or local standards and guidelines, and future needs  of such collections. This paper discusses current professional thought about artists'  books and provides a foundation for future inquiry.
Sex and Gender in the Library of Congress Subject Headings, 1988-2003
Creators: name: Waterman, Tracy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004
Subjects: Sexism in language
Subject cataloging
Subject headings, Library of Congress--Evaluation
Subject headings, Women

description: The problem of linguistic and structural bias in the subject vocabularies used by libraries has been the subject of varying degrees of scrutiny in the cataloging literature of the past several decades. This study examines the Library of Congress subject headings involving sex and gender from 1988, 1993, and 2003. Changes to the headings are tracked and analyzed. Comparisons are made between recommendations made in the literature and changes to the subject vocabulary; the impact of the changes on the appearance of bias on the basis of sex and gender in library catalogs is discussed.
Developing Fitness Group Class Recommendations Web-Application for UNC Campus Recreation
Creators: name: Li, Chengpeng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018
Subjects: Information systems
Requirement Analyst
Interface design
System implementation

description: UNC Chapel-Hill has great amount of gym facility and fitness group class services which are free to all students. However, students do have trouble in choosing the most suitable fitness group class due to many options and lacking in knowledge. For example, students who are new to fitness aren’t very familiar with it. They are lacking in information about what kind of activity the class is doing as well as the best suitable class for them. Some classes are targeted to Intermediate fitness enthusiasts and may not be suitable for beginners, while some classes are entry-level courses for beginners and experienced fitness lovers may find them boring. So it is definitely helpful if the website has detailed description of the class info, including the teacher, targeted people and brief information about the activity. For certain students, they love some teacher who have their unique teaching methods.
Finding periodic orbits in state-dependent delay differential equations as roots of algebraic equations
Creators: name: Sieber, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34K13, 34K17

description: In this paper we prove that periodic boundary-value problems (BVPs) for delay differential equations are locally equivalent to finite-dimensional algebraic systems of equations. We rely only on regularity assumptions that follow those of the review by Hartung et al. (2006). Thus, the equivalence result can be applied to differential equations with state-dependent delays (SD-DDEs), transferring many results of bifurcation theory for periodic orbits to this class of systems. We demonstrate this by using the equivalence to give an elementary proof of the Hopf bifurcation theorem for differential equations with state-dependent delays. This is an alternative and extension to the original Hopf bifurcation theorem for SD-DDEs by Eichmann (2006).
description: minor revision, correcting mistakes in formulation of Lemma A.3 (which are also present in the Journal paper): center $x$ of neighborhood must be in $C^1$, which is the case for the main theorem. Further clarification in proof of Lemma A.3
A first-order approach to conformal gravity
Creators: name: Zlosnik, T. G.
name: Westman, H. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate whether a spontaneously-broken gauge theory of the group $SU(2,2)$ may be a genuine competitor to General Relativity. The basic ingredients of the theory are an $SU(2,2)$ gauge field $A_μ$ and a Higgs field $W$ in the adjoint representation of the group with the Higgs field producing the symmetry breaking $SU(2,2)\rightarrow SO(1,3)\times SO(1,1)$. The action for gravity is polynomial in $\{A_μ,W\}$ and the field equations are first-order in derivatives of these fields. The new $SO(1,1)$ symmetry in the gravitational sector is interpreted in terms of an emergent scale symmetry and the recovery of conformalized General Relativity and fourth-order Weyl conformal gravity as limits of the theory- following imposition of Lagrangian constraints- is demonstrated. Maximally symmetric spacetime solutions to the full theory are found and stability of the theory around these solutions is investigated; it is shown that regions of the theory's parameter space describe perturbations identical to that of General Relativity coupled to a massive scalar field and a massless one-form field. The coupling of gravity to matter is considered and it is shown that actions for all fields are naturally gauge-invariant, polynomial in fields and yield first-order field equations; no auxiliary fields are introduced. Familiar Yang-Mills and Klein-Gordon type Lagrangians are recovered on-shell in the General-Relativistic limit of the theory. In this formalism, the General-Relativistic limit and the breaking of scale invariance appear as two sides of the same coin and it is shown that the latter generates mass terms for Higgs and spinor fields.
description: Content matches published version
An Assessment of the Usage of Content Standards in the Creation of MARC Record for Derivative Materials
Creators: name: Gibson, Cole
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017
Subjects: MARC formats
Descriptive cataloging--Rules
Anglo-American cataloging rules

description: Cataloging derivative materials is a complex and time-consuming process. Derivative materials often contains multiple entities who are responsible in some way for their creation and those entities are often not credited properly. With the introduction and use of RDA, and the growing awareness of FRBR standards these issues are becoming increasingly important. This research examines how MARC records are being created for these derivative materials and how they address the concepts of a work, expression, manifestation, and item as well as investigating the ways in which catalogers attempt to give proper attribution.
Building Local Knowledge On and Off the Web: Information Sharing and the Transition Town Movement
Creators: name: Veitch, Madeline
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: Web sites
Environmental movement
User-generated content

description: This study uses a mixed methods approach to evaluate the information sharing behavior  of Transition Initiatives, place-based organizations that work to improve the  environmental sustainability of their local communities. Research questions center on the  presence or absence of non-hierarchical methods of online communication and sharing.  The study also looked for evidence of "resilient" and "diverse" practices in knowledge  sharing through and beyond organization websites.  A content analysis of thirty web sites and four supplementary interviews with Transition  Initiative organizers suggest that these organizations share information in a wide variety  of ways both on and off the web. While the use of particular website platform types by  individual groups appeared to have had some impact on how information was shared and  how many participants authored content, observed social effects on information sharing  were more numerous than structural ones.
Microcanonical Simulations of Adsorbing Self-Avoiding Walks
Creators: name: van Rensburg, Esaias J. Janse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B41, 82B80, 65C05

description: Linear polymers adsorbing on a wall can be modelled by half-space self-avoiding walks adsorbing on a line in the square lattice, or on a surface in the cubic lattice. In this paper a numerical approach based on the GAS algorithm is used to approximately enumerate states in the partition function of this model. The data are used to approximate the free energy in the model, from which estimates of the location of the critical point and crossover exponents are made. The critical point is found to be located at \begin{equation} a_c^+ = \cases{ 1.779 \pm 0.003, & \hbox{in the square lattice}; \\ 1.306 \pm 0.007, & \hbox{in the cubic lattice}. } \end{equation} These results are then used to estimate the crossover exponent $ϕ$ associated with the adsorption transition, giving \begin{equation} ϕ= \cases{ 0.496 \pm 0.009, & \hbox{in two dimensions}; \\ 0.505 \pm 0.006, & \hbox{in three dimensions}. } \end{equation} In addition, the scaling of these thermodynamic quantities is examined using the numerical data, including the scaling of metric quantities, and the partition and generating functions. In all cases results and numerical values of exponents were obtained which are consistent with estimates in the literature.
description: Version 3
On Moduli Spaces and CW Structures Arising from Morse Theory On Hilbert Manifolds
Creators: name: Qin, Lizhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58E05, 57R18, 57R19

description: This paper proves some results on negative gradient dynamics of Morse functions on Hilbert manifolds. It contains the compactness of flow lines, manifold structures of certain compacti- fied moduli spaces, orientation formulas, and CW structures of the underlying manifolds.
description: To appear in the Journal of Topology and Analysis
Chaetoceros constrictus Gran 1897
Creators: name: Bosak, Sunčica
name: Sarno, Diana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Chaetocerotales
Chaetocerotaceae
Chaetoceros
Chaetoceros constrictus

description: Chaetoceros constrictus Gran (1897: 17) (Figs 79–82)
 References:— Hustedt (1930), Cupp (1943), Rines & Hargraves (1988), Hernández-Becerril (1996), Jensen & Moestrup (1998), Hernández-Becerril & Flores Granados (1998), Berard-Therriault et al. (1999), Shevchenko et al. (2006), Lee et al. (2014a).
 Morphometry: —a.a.: 5–18 μm; p.a.: 7–17 μm.
 LM:—Cells are united in very straight and usually short chains (Fig. 79). The valve surface is concave and the valve corners are sharp and drawn up, touching between sibling valves (Fig. 81). The aperture is quite large and distinctively elliptically shaped (Figs 79, 81). Valve mantle is high with a distinct constriction near the margin (Fig. 81). Intercalary setae are long and rigid; originate from the valve apices and immediately cross each other at the chain margin without the basal part. In girdle view they are usually proximally perpendicular towards the chain axis and distally curved (Fig. 79). Terminal setae are usually characteristically oriented, long and straight, extending parallel to the chain axis and sometimes crossing each other distally (Fig. 79).
 EM: —The valve face is ornamented with numerous small spines which are more pronounced in terminal valves (Fig. 82). The marginal ridge has a distinct hyaline rim (Fig. 82). A rimoportula, bearing an external short, flattened and wide tube, is present only in terminal valves (Fig. 82). Setae are quadrangular in cross-section, perforated with longitudinal rows of small slit-shaped poroids and small spines (Fig. 80).
 Distinctive features: —Valve mantle markedly constricted near the advalvar margin, observable in LM as a marked constriction near the girdle. Intercalary setae long, straight and rigid, terminal setae extending parallel to the chain axis sometimes distally crossing each other. Valve face ornamented with many small spines.
description: Published as part of Bosak, Sunčica & Sarno, Diana, 2017, The planktonic diatom genus Chaetoceros Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyta) from the Adriatic Sea, pp. 1-44 in Phytotaxa 314 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.314.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13700770
Will You Return Home?: A Study on the Utility of Navigational Aids
Creators: name: Stevenson, Nicole
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003
Subjects: World Wide Web--Navigational Aids
World Wide Web--Usability Websites--Evaluation

description: Many users view academic websites as an important information portal. As the popularity of the internet grows, academic institutions have developed more online resources to accommodate the ever growing demand for a broad range of information. Academic institutions rely on the internet to provide a cost effective means of collecting information from and disseminating information to a diverse group of users. As more information becomes accessible, the study of website design, particularly navigational aids, becomes increasingly important. Navigational aids, such as a well designed homepage, site search and sitemap, provide a means for sorting through the myriad of information now available on the internet. Researchers have argued that the homepage is the most important page on a website. If so, are users more likely to return to the homepage instead of using other navigational aids? This study explored the usage of navigational aids by 13 University of North Carolina School of Dentistry students with at least one year of experience using the school's website. Results showed that the most commonly used navigational aid was the homepage and that students preferred using the back button (47%) and home text link (45%) to return to the homepage. Although links to the upper level directories, main navigational categories, site search and sitemap were rarely used, they should still be incorporated into the design of content pages. They can be helpful and some users expect to find and use these navigational aids.
MILITARY SERVICE, DESTINATION IMAGE AND REPEAT VISITATION ON A GREEK BORDER ISLAND
Creators: name: Dermetzopoulos, Athanasios
name: Bonarou, Christina
name: Christou, Evangelos
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: The obligatory military service for adult Greek male citizens creates a particular form of domestic “tourism”, although the members of the Armed Forces are not officially included in tourism statistics. Aim of this paper that takes as a case study the Greek border island of Samothrace in the Northern Aegean is to discuss how the so-called here “army tourism” could be used to develop a competitive advantage for the destination. A structured questionnaire method has been used in order to a) identify aspects of the soldiers’ “tourist” behaviour, b) evaluate destination image from the soldiers’ point of view, c) find out whether the soldiers wish to return as tourists to the island or not and underline the reasons leading to this decision and finally d) analyze the soldiers’ word-of-mouth.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2009)
Atomic fountains and optical clocks at SYRTE: status and perspectives
Creators: name: Abgrall, M.
name: Chupin, B.
name: De Sarlo, L.
name: Guéna, J.
name: Laurent, Ph.
name: Coq, Y. Le
name: Targat, R. Le
name: Lodewyck, J.
name: Lours, M.
name: Rosenbusch, P.
name: Rovera, D.
name: Bize, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we report on the work done with the LNE-SYRTE atomic clock ensemble during the last 10 years. We cover progress made in atomic fountains and in their application to timekeeping. We also cover the development of optical lattice clocks based on strontium and on mercury. We report on tests of fundamental physical laws made with these highly accurate atomic clocks. We also report on work relevant to a future possible redefinition of the SI second.
The Web as a Tool in Foreign Language Teaching and Learning
Creators: name: Zhao, Li
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003
Subjects: World Wide Web
Internet
Foreign language--Teaching and learning
Survey

description: This study describes a questionnaire survey of the Web's educational role in Chinese  language teaching and learning in the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The  survey was conducted to determine the Web's educational role in improve the language  communicative skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing.  A total of 38 participants took part in the survey. The collected data was analyzed  quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of the projects revealed both some significant  strengths and weakness of the Web in foreign language teaching. Meanwhile, some  suggestions regarding improving the effectiveness of the Web in the future were  presented.
Heat conduction in multifunctional nanotrusses studied using Boltzmann transport equation
Creators: name: Dou, Nicholas G.
name: Minnich, Austin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Materials that possess low density, low thermal conductivity, and high stiffness are desirable for engineering applications, but most materials cannot realize these properties simultaneously due to the coupling between them. Nanotrusses, which consist of hollow nanoscale beams architected into a periodic truss structure, can potentially break these couplings due to their lattice architecture and nanoscale features. In this work, we study heat conduction in the exact nanotruss geometry by solving the frequency-dependent Boltzmann transport equation using a variance-reduced Monte Carlo algorithm. We show that their thermal conductivity can be described with only two parameters, solid fraction and wall thickness. Our simulations predict that nanotrusses can realize unique combinations of mechanical and thermal properties that are challenging to achieve in typical materials.
Wave asymptotics for waveguides and manifolds with infinite cylindrical ends
Creators: name: Christiansen, T. J.
name: Datchev, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe wave decay rates associated to embedded resonances and spectral thresholds for waveguides and manifolds with infinite cylindrical ends. We show that if the cut-off resolvent is polynomially bounded at high energies, as is the case in certain favorable geometries, then there is an associated asymptotic expansion, up to a $O(t^{-k_0})$ remainder, of solutions of the wave equation on compact sets as $t \to \infty$. In the most general such case we have $k_0=1$, and under an additional assumption on the infinite ends we have $k_0 = \infty$. If we localize the solutions to the wave equation in frequency as well as in space, then our results hold for quite general waveguides and manifolds with infinite cylindrical ends. To treat problems with and without boundary in a unified way, we introduce a black box framework analogous to the Euclidean one of Sjöstrand and Zworski. We study the resolvent, generalized eigenfunctions, spectral measure, and spectral thresholds in this framework, providing a new approach to some mostly well-known results in the scattering theory of manifolds with cylindrical ends.
description: In this revision we work in a more general black box setting than in the first version of the paper. In particular, we allow a boundary extending to infinity. The changes to the proofs of the main theorems are minor, but the presentation of the needed basic material from scattering theory is substantially expanded. New examples are included, both for the main results and for the black box setting
Colored and Dissipative Continuous Spontaneous Localization model and Bounds from Matter-Wave Interferometry
Creators: name: Toroš, Marko
name: Gasbarri, Giulio
name: Bassi, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matter-wave interferometry is a direct test of the quantum superposition principle for massive systems, and of collapse models. Here we show that the bounds placed by matter-wave interferometry depend weakly on the details of the collapse mechanism. Specifically, we compute the bounds on the CSL model and its variants, provided by the the KDTL interferometry experiment of Arndt's group [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2013, 15, 14696-14700], which currently holds the record of largest mass in interferometry. We also show that the CSL family of models emerges naturally by considering a minimal set of assumptions. In particular, we construct the dynamical map for the colored and dissipative Continuous Spontaneous Localization (cdCSL) model, which reduces to the CSL model and variants in the appropriate limits. In addition, we discuss the measure of macroscopicity based on the cdCSL model.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in Physics Letters A (2017)
Context Entities of Flickr Tags: Classes of Information Captured by Social Tagging
Creators: name: Richey, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011
Subjects: Photograph collections
Metadata
Flickr (Web site)
Web 2.0--Evaluation
Folksonomy

description: This study explores the content entities, or classes of information, captured by tags assigned to images posted to Flickr's The Commons site. Seven institutions participating in The Commons were examined: The New York Public Library, The Washington, D.C. Public Library, The University of Washington, Michigan State University, Cornell University, The Field Museum, and the George Eastman House. Tables that collected tags from these institutions and their subsequently assigned context entities revealed the kind of information expressed by users of Flickr's social tagging site.  Through a review of the literature and by examining data from Web traffic sites, it is shown that tagging is a popular form of describing images and that professionals across information fields generally accept it as a supplement to access points created by controlled vocabularies. From an analysis of Flickr tags, it is shown that objects and places are the most common contextual entities captured by user-generated tags. By implication, it is suggested what gaps in contextual entities professionals should fill for users, and vice-versa. This paper concludes with suggested improvements for the study and areas where social tagging will continue to engage and empower users of image sites and other services compatible with tagging functionality.
title: GM-CSF licenses microglia to mediate tissue damage in the CNS
Creators: name: Arseni, Diana
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: GM-CSF, multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune enchephalomyelitis, neuroinflammation, microglia.

description: Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plays multiple roles in the development, maintenance and regulation of the immune system. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), the absence of GM-CSF expression by CNS antigen-specific Th1/17 T cells abolishes their encephalitogenic potential; an effect attributed to the inability of GM-CSF-/- T cells to activate myeloid cells within the CNS. To address the mechanisms involved, we investigated the effects of GM-CSF in myelinated cultures derived from embryonic mouse spinal cord. Our data demonstrate GM-CSF “activates” microglia inducing marked changes in morphology and enhancing their phagocytic potential. However, in isolation, this is unable to damage myelin or axons. These data suggest GM-CSF synergises with other effector mechanisms to mediate tissue damage in EAE. We therefore investigated its ability to potentiate the cytopathic effects of IFN-γ and TNF-α, two pro-inflammatory cytokines associated with EAE and MS pathogenesis. We report a combination of all three cytokines is required to induce rapid and extensive cell death. Cell death was associated with induction of iNOS in microglia, elevated nitric oxide and was inhibited completely by an iNOS inhibitor, AMT hydrochloride. Additionally, cell supernatant analyses revealed that the synergy between GM-CSF, IFN-γ and TNF-α is also responsible for extensive pro-inflammatory cytokines release, including IL-6 and IL-1β.
A Descriptive Bibliography of Selected Works Published by Robert Estienne
Creators: name: Clements, Jennifer S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: Printing-- History
Rare books
Descriptive cataloging

description: This paper is a descriptive bibliography of thirty-three works published by Robert Estienne held by the Rare Book Collection of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The paper begins with a brief overview of the Estienne Collection followed by biographical information on Robert Estienne and his impact as a printer and a scholar. The bulk of the paper is a detailed descriptive bibliography of thirty-three works published by Robert Estienne between 1527 and 1549. This bibliography includes quasi-facsimile title pages, full descriptions of the collation and pagination, descriptions of the type, binding, and provenance of the work, and citations.
Horizon-Scale Lepton Acceleration in Jets: Explaining the Compact Radio Emission in M87
Creators: name: Broderick, Avery E
name: Tchekhovskoy, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has now become clear that the radio jet in the giant elliptical galaxy M87 must turn on very close to the black hole. This implies the efficient acceleration of leptons within the jet at scales much smaller than feasible by the typical dissipative events usually invoked to explain jet synchrotron emission. Here we show that the stagnation surface, the separatrix between material that falls back into the black hole and material that is accelerated outward forming the jet, is a natural site of pair formation and particle acceleration. This occurs via an inverse-Compton pair catastrophe driven by unscreened electric fields within the charge-starved region about the stagnation surface and substantially amplified by a post-gap cascade. For typical estimates of the jet properties in M87, we find excellent quantitive agreement between the predicted relativistic lepton densities and those required by recent high-frequency radio observations of M87. This mechanism fails to adequately fill a putative jet from Sagittarius A* with relativistic leptons, which may explain the lack of an obvious radio jet in the Galactic center. Finally, this process implies a relationship between the kinetic jet power and the gamma-ray luminosity of blazars, produced during the post-gap cascade.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, submitted to ApJ
The 2017 Release of Cloudy
Creators: name: Ferland, G. J.
name: Chatzikos, M.
name: Guzmán, F.
name: Lykins, M. L.
name: van Hoof, P. A. M.
name: Williams, R. J. R.
name: Abel, N. P.
name: Badnell, N. R.
name: Keenan, F. P.
name: Porter, R. L.
name: Stancil, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the 2017 release of the spectral synthesis code Cloudy. A major development since the previous release has been exporting the atomic data into external data files. This greatly simplifies updates and maintenance of the data. Many large datasets have been incorporated with the result that we can now predict well over an order of magnitude more emission lines when all databases are fully used. The use of such large datasets is not realistic for most calculations due to the time and memory needs, and we describe the limited subset of data we use by default. Despite the fact that we now predict significantly more lines than the previous Cloudy release, this version is faster because of optimization of memory access patterns and other tuning. The size and use of the databases can easily be adjusted in the command-line interface. We give examples of the accuracy limits using small models, and the performance requirements of large complete models. We summarize several advances in the H- and He-like iso-electronic sequences. We use our complete collisional-radiative models of the ionization of these one and two-electron ions to establish the highest density for which the coronal or interstellar medium (ISM) approximation works, and the lowest density where Saha or local thermodynamic equilibrium can be assumed. The coronal approximation fails at surprisingly low densities for collisional ionization equilibrium but is valid to higher densities for photoionized gas clouds. Many other improvements to the physics have been made and are described. These include the treatment of isotropic continuum sources such as the cosmic microwave background (CMB) in the reported output, and the ability to follow the evolution of cooling non-equilibrium clouds.
description: replace Fig 6 with the published version
An Exploratory Study of the Effects of Mild Cognitive Impairment on Elderly Internet Users
Creators: name: Berkov, Joshua D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007
Subjects: Web sites--Design
Aged
Cognition--Internet resources
Use studies--Internet
End-user searching

description: This study focuses on the effects of Mild Cognitive Impairment and other minor memory impairments on a person's ability to successfully use the Internet. Participants over sixty-five years of age were recruited from retirement communities and were selected based on self-reports of Mild Cognitive Impairment or other cognitive difficulties when using the Internet. Interviews with the participants focused on their abilities to use Email, Chat/Instant Messenger and the World Wide Web. Participants were then asked to step through several Internet-related tasks in order to further identify problem areas. Seven participants were interviewed, and six of them completed the optional observation session. The data collected from the interviews and observation sessions were then broken down into different categories, based on the type of difficulties experienced during Internet use. Finally, recommendations were made for good Web design practices intended to overcome the difficulties identified during the study.
Chaetoceros didymus Ehrenberg 1845
Creators: name: Bosak, Sunčica
name: Sarno, Diana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Chaetocerotales
Chaetocerotaceae
Chaetoceros
Chaetoceros didymus

description: Chaetoceros didymus Ehrenberg (1845: 75) (Figs 128–132)
 References: — Hustedt (1930), Cupp (1943), Rines & Hargraves (1988) (as Chaetoceros didymus var. didymus) Hernández-Becerril (1991b), Jensen & Moestrup (1998), Berard-Therriault et al. (1999), Hernández-Becerril & Flores Granados (1998), Shevchenko et al. (2006), Sunesen et al. (2008), Ishii et al. (2011), Lee et al. (2014a).
 Synonyms: — Goniothecium gastridium Ehrenberg, Chaetoceros gastridium Ehrenberg, Chaetoceros mamillanum Cleve, Chaetoceros didymus var. anglica (Grunow) Gran, Chaetoceros. didymus var. hiemalis Tempere and Peragallo, Chaetoceros didymus var. genuina Gran and Yendo, Chaetoceros didymus f. adriatica Schussnig, Chaetoceros didymus f. singularis Takano.
 Morphometry: —a.a.: 8–33 μm; p.a.: 9–26 μm.
 LM: —The cells are united in straight chains (Fig. 128). Cells are rectangular in girdle view with sharp and slightly drawn up corners. There are two large plastids per cell (Fig. 129). Valve face is slightly concave with a prominent hemispherical protuberance in the centre; mantle is low without any visible constriction near its edge. The setae originate at the valve corners and cross over each other at the point outside of the chain margin with a basal part of variable length (Figs 128, 129). The apertures are widely peanut-shaped due to the presence of central protuberances on both sibling valves. The intercalary setae are perpendicular to the colony axis or sometimes slightly curve towards the terminal part of the chain (Fig. 128). In valve view, the setae diverge at about 25–45° from the apical plane (Fig. 130). Terminal setae extend almost parallel to the colony axis (Fig. 128).
 EM: —The valve is ornamented with a weak pattern of costae radiating from the central annulus located on the protuberance and it is densely perforated with round small poroids, with the exception of the central part around the protuberance (Fig. 131). The valve edge and the setae bases are ornamented with long and branched capilli (Figs 130, 131). The setae are in cross-section four-sided (not shown), each side perforated with a single longitudinal line of small poroids and scarcely distributed larger elongated pores (Fig. 132). Shark fin spines are arranged longitudinally on the ridges.
 Distinctive features: —Valve face with a prominent hemispherical central protuberance. Valve edge and setae bases ornamented with long capilli.
description: Published as part of Bosak, Sunčica & Sarno, Diana, 2017, The planktonic diatom genus Chaetoceros Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyta) from the Adriatic Sea, pp. 1-44 in Phytotaxa 314 (1) on pages 25-28, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.314.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13700770
Pairwise Covariates-adjusted Block Model for Community Detection
Creators: name: Huang, Sihan
name: Sun, Jiajin
name: Feng, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: One of the most fundamental problems in network study is community detection. The stochastic block model (SBM) is a widely used model, for which various estimation methods have been developed with their community detection consistency results unveiled. However, the SBM is restricted by the strong assumption that all nodes in the same community are stochastically equivalent, which may not be suitable for practical applications. We introduce a pairwise covariates-adjusted stochastic block model (PCABM), a generalization of SBM that incorporates pairwise covariate information. We study the maximum likelihood estimates of the coefficients for the covariates as well as the community assignments. It is shown that both the coefficient estimates of the covariates and the community assignments are consistent under suitable sparsity conditions. Spectral clustering with adjustment (SCWA) is introduced to efficiently solve PCABM. Under certain conditions, we derive the error bound of community detection under SCWA and show that it is community detection consistent. In addition, we investigate model selection in terms of the number of communities and feature selection for the pairwise covariates, and propose two corresponding algorithms. PCABM compares favorably with the SBM or degree-corrected stochastic block model (DCBM) under a wide range of simulated and real networks when covariate information is accessible.
description: 103 pages, 7 figures
Mobile phone usage patterns amongst university students: A comparative study between India and USA
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Sayan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006
Subjects: Information science--International aspects
Multiculturism Surveys--Knowledge Management
University students
India
United States

description: Mobile phones are one of the most common information access devices with almost 31% of the global population having access. This exploratory study investigated usage patterns of, and attitude about, cell phones among university students in a mature market(United States) and a rapidly growing new market(India) by surveying students in each country. Key findings from the study include similarities in the usage of phones to communicate with others and in the perception of mobile phone usage in public settings, and differences in the use of text messaging and opinions regarding driving and mobile phone usage. Overall these results suggest students in India use mobile phones differently from their American counterparts. In a developing market like India, mobile phones may be the primary and only phone to which students have access.