cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
eRASSt J074426.3+291606: prompt accretion disc formation in a 'faint and slow' tidal disruption event
Creators: name: Malyali, A.
name: Liu, Z.
name: Merloni, A.
name: Rau, A.
name: Buchner, J.
name: Ciroi, S.
name: Di Mille, F.
name: Grotova, I.
name: Dwelly, T.
name: Nandra, K.
name: Salvato, M.
name: Homan, D.
name: Krumpe, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on multi-wavelength observations of the tidal disruption event (TDE) candidate eRASSt J074426.3+291606 (J0744), located in the nucleus of a previously quiescent galaxy at $z=0.0396$. J0744 was first detected as a new, ultra-soft X-ray source (photon index $\sim 4$) during the second SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey (eRASS2), where it had brightened in the 0.3--2~keV band by a factor of more than $\sim$160 relative to an archival 3$σ$ upper limit inferred from a serendipitous Chandra pointing in 2011. The transient was also independently found in the optical by the Zwicky Transient Factory (ZTF), with the eRASS2 detection occurring only $\sim$20 days after the peak optical brightness, suggesting that the accretion disc formed promptly in this TDE. Continued X-ray monitoring over the following $\sim$400 days by eROSITA, NICER XTI and Swift XRT showed a net decline by a factor of $\sim$100, albeit with large amplitude X-ray variability where the system fades, and then rebrightens, in the 0.3--2~keV band by a factor $\sim$50 during an 80 day period. Contemporaneous Swift UVOT observations during this extreme X-ray variability reveal a relatively smooth decline, which persists over $\sim$400 days post-optical peak. The peak observed optical luminosity (absolute $g$-band magnitude $\sim -16.8$ mag) from this transient makes J0744 the faintest optically-detected TDE observed to date. However, contrasting the known set of `faint and fast' TDEs, the optical emission from J0744 decays slowly (exponential decay timescale $\sim$120~days), making J0744 the first member of a potential new class of `faint and slow' TDEs.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures. MNRAS accepted
Review and Implementation of Engineering Models of Rocket Film Cooling and Nozzle Erosion
Creators: name:  S. D'ALESSANDRO
name:   M. ROTONDI
name:   P. CONCIO
name:   D. BIANCHI
name:   F. NASUTI
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: PROPULSION PHYSICS
LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE
CHAMBER COOLING

description: Introduction The capability of performing reliable system-level multi-physics analyses is an important and not-so- common asset to have, during the design process of new space systems. For this purpose, the development of reliable engineering or low-order models is of great importance to simulate complex systems steady-state and transient analyses. In this study available engineering models addressing film cooling and nozzle erosion are reviewed and their capabilities are evaluated by their implementation within the European Space Propulsion System Simulation (ESPSS) framework. Film cooling models are studied for the specific application in the cooling in liquid rocket thrust chambers. Nozzle erosion models because of their importance especially in studying transient and steady state operations of hybrid and solid rocket motors. Discussion The reviewed and tested models for film cooling address different operating conditions of both film and hot gases in the chamber. In particular, models addressing both film injected in liquid and gaseous conditions are considered. Goal of the present modelling is to predict the main parameters characterizing a film-cooled combustion chamber, i.e., the film extension before complete mixing/evaporation-entrainment (in case of gaseous/liquid coolant stream) occurs, the wall heat flux prediction, the O/F shift due to the coolant stream and its influence on performance. The reliability of the models is assessed by comparing the steady-state solutions obtained by implementing them in the ESPSS framework with measurements of several selected experimental test cases, and with purposely in-house produced RANS-based CFD solutions. After an extensive literature review three models have been selected for the analysis of nozzle erosion, differing in terms of complexity and range of applicability. The performance of the engineering models is measured in terms of the nozzle erosion rate and the specific impulse loss in this case, due to erosion. The reliability of the present models is also evaluated by their implementation within the ESPSS framework. Comparisons are performed with respect to both experimental measurements and purposely performed numerical simulations results relevant to hybrid and solid rocket motors. Conclusions In the final paper, results and discussion on the low-order model review and application with special attention to development of suitable ESPSS components will be shown, highlighting their prediction capabilities and performances, as well as their intrinsic limits and suitable ranges of application. Acknowledgements This work is carried out as part of the ESA Contract 4000129564/19/NL/MG on Mono- and Bi-Propellant Flow Characterization in Generic Propulsion Systems.
Additional file 3 of Enhancing self-care education amongst medical students: a systematic scoping review
Creators: name: Wan, Darius Wei Jun
name: Goh, Laura Shih Hui
name: Teo, Mac Yu Kai
name: Loh, Celestine Jia Ling
name: Yak, Gerald Hng Kai
name: Lee, Joanna Jing Hui
name: Ravindran, Nila
name: Abdul Rahman, Nur Diana
name: Chiam, Min
name: Ong, Eng Koon
name: Somasundaram, Nagavalli
name: Lim, Ying Yin
name: Phua, Gillian Li Gek
name: Krishna, Lalit Kumar Radha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Additional file 3.
Assessing the Environmental Impact of Biomass to Electricity Production | ICTP Joint Summer School For Sustainable Development | 2023 - Presentation
Creators: name: Rakia Bouallegui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biomass
LCA
MARIO

description: The current Tunisian electricity system is relying on fossil fuels, around 97% of the total electricity production is based on natural gas and crude oil. Tunisia's GHG profile is dominated by emissions from the energy sector, coming mainly from the Natural gas combustion. The need for renewable energy integration seemed to be a necessity for Tunisia. For this reason, the government has settled a goal for renewable electricity sources integration by 30% by 2030, equivalent to 3815 MW as a total installed capacity, from which 100MW of biomass is expected. Tunisia has also a great potential of biomass. In this research work, agricultural biomass is concerned, mainly cattle manure for its availability and its negative environmental impacts. The conducted work during the summer school aims to assess the environmental impacts of integrating the biomass to electricity production using the Input Output based Life cycle assessment using MARIO.
Air Ejector Analysis in Normal and Abnormal Modes, Oriented to Control Purposes in Aircraft Systems
Creators: name:  C. OLIET
name:   J. VEMULA
name:   E. SCHILLACI
name:   M. DUPONCHEEL
name:   Y. BARTOSIEWICZ
name:   P. PLANQUART
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: SYSTEM INTEGRATION
AERONAUTICS

description: The implementation of ejectors is getting an increasing interest in many sectors, in order to improve the efficiency and reliability of several systems. The aircraft sector is also integrating ejectors for bleed air management, recirculation or ram-air ventilation. Understanding the physics and the modelling of ejectors in normal mode (on and off design, that is, the generation of the usual characteristic curves) is in a mature development, including several simplified models [1][2] available. They have demonstrated a good accuracy under low computational times, thus being useful for control purposes. However, to achieve a robust and general system level modelling, there is the need for 0D/1D models suitable to tackle abnormal functioning modes (including reverse flow occurrence at any inlet/outlet port of the ejector), and transient operation during transition between different modes of operation. In this sense, the current research done by the authors is focusing on the understanding of the air ejectors under a broader operation perimeter than what can be found in the usual literature, through an operating map covering all modes of interest for aircraft systems. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and experiments are being collected, to confirm the expected behavior under normal operation, and to extend the knowledge to abnormal operation. All this understanding will be synthetized in new simplified models, that will be implemented in a Modelica ejector object, for its integration in the whole system simulations. The final objective will be to use the tool for design and control purposes at the system level. This paper presents the current status of simulations, experiments and Modelica model developments concerning the ejector working in different steady modes (normal and abnormal).
Significant Unconventional Anomalous Hall Effect in Heavy Metal/Antiferromagnetic Insulator Heterostructures
Creators: name: Liang, Yuhan
name: Wu, Liang
name: Dai, Minyi
name: Zhang, Yujun
name: Zhang, Qinghua
name: Wang, Jie
name: Zhang, Nian
name: Xu, Wei
name: Zhao, Le
name: Chen, Hetian
name: Ma, Ji
name: Wu, Jialu
name: Cao, Yanwei
name: Yi, Di
name: Ma, Jing
name: Jiang, Wanjun
name: Hu, Jia-Mian
name: Nan, Ce-Wen
name: Lin, Yuan-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anomalous Hall effect (AHE) is a quantum coherent transport phenomenon that conventionally vanishes at elevated temperatures because of thermal dephasing. Therefore, it is puzzling that the AHE can survive in heavy metal (HM)/antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulator (AFMI) heterostructures at high temperatures yet disappears at low temperatures. In this paper, we report that an unconventional high-temperature AHE in HM/AFMI is observed only around the Néel temperature of AFM, with large anomalous Hall resistivity up to 40 n$Ω$ cm. This mechanism is attributed to the emergence of a noncollinear AFM spin texture with a non-zero net topological charge. Atomistic spin dynamics simulation shows that such a unique spin texture can be stabilized by the subtle interplay among the collinear AFM exchange coupling, interfacial Dyzaloshinski-Moriya interaction, thermal fluctuation, and bias magnetic field.
A DZ white dwarf with a 30 MG magnetic field
Creators: name: Hollands, Mark A.
name: Stopkowicz, Stella
name: Kitsaras, Marios-Petros
name: Hampe, Florian
name: Blaschke, Simon
name: Hermes, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic white dwarfs with field strengths below 10 MG are easy to recognise since the Zeeman splitting of spectral lines appears proportional to the magnetic field strength. For fields $\geq 100$ MG, however, transition wavelengths become chaotic, requiring quantum-chemical predictions of wavelengths and oscillator strengths with a non-perturbative treatment of the magnetic field. While highly accurate calculations have previously been performed for hydrogen and helium, the variational techniques employed become computationally intractable for systems with more than three to four electrons. Modern computational techniques, such as finite-field coupled-cluster theory, allow the calculation of many-electron systems in arbitrarily strong magnetic fields. Because around 25 percent of white dwarfs have metal lines in their spectra, and some of those are also magnetic, the possibility arises for some metals to be observed in very strong magnetic fields, resulting in unrecognisable spectra. We have identified SDSSJ114333.48+661531.83 as a magnetic DZ white dwarf, with a spectrum exhibiting many unusually shaped lines at unknown wavelengths. Using atomic data calculated from computational finite-field coupled-cluster methods, we have identified some of these lines arising from Na, Mg, and Ca. Surprisingly, we find a relatively low field strength of 30 MG, where the large number of overlapping lines from different elements make the spectrum challenging to interpret at a much lower field strength than for DAs and DBs. Finally we model the field structure of SDSSJ1143+6615 finding the data are consistent with an offset dipole.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Functional clustering in nested designs: Modeling variability in reproductive epidemiology studies
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Abel
name: Dunson, David B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We discuss functional clustering procedures for nested designs, where multiple curves are collected for each subject in the study. We start by considering the application of standard functional clustering tools to this problem, which leads to groupings based on the average profile for each subject. After discussing some of the shortcomings of this approach, we present a mixture model based on a generalization of the nested Dirichlet process that clusters subjects based on the distribution of their curves. By using mixtures of generalized Dirichlet processes, the model induces a much more flexible prior on the partition structure than other popular model-based clustering methods, allowing for different rates of introduction of new clusters as the number of observations increases. The methods are illustrated using hormone profiles from multiple menstrual cycles collected for women in the Early Pregnancy Study.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOAS751 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Degradation of biological macromolecules supports uncultured microbial populations in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments
Creators: name: Hrabe de Angelis, I.
name: Ruff, S.E.
name: Wrighton, K.C.
name: Borton, M.A.
name: Regan, K.
name: Strous, M.
name: Teske, A.P.
name: Pérez Castro, S.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2021

description: Hydrothermal sediments contain large numbers of uncultured heterotrophic microbial lineages. Here, we amended Guaymas Basin sediments with proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids or lipids under different redox conditions and cultivated heterotrophic thermophiles with the genomic potential for macromolecule degradation. We reconstructed 20 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of uncultured lineages affiliating with known archaeal and bacterial phyla, including endospore-forming Bacilli and candidate phylum Marinisomatota. One Marinisomatota MAG had 35 different glycoside hydrolases often in multiple copies, seven extracellular CAZymes, six polysaccharide lyases, and multiple sugar transporters. This population has the potential to degrade a broad spectrum of polysaccharides including chitin, cellulose, pectin, alginate, chondroitin, and carrageenan. We also describe thermophiles affiliating with the genera Thermosyntropha, Thermovirga, and Kosmotoga with the capability to make a living on nucleic acids, lipids, or multiple macromolecule classes, respectively. Several populations seemed to lack extracellular enzyme machinery and thus likely scavenged oligo- or monomers (e.g., MAGs affiliating with Archaeoglobus) or metabolic products like hydrogen (e.g., MAGs affiliating with Thermodesulfobacterium or Desulforudaceae). The growth of methanogens or the production of methane was not observed in any condition, indicating that the tested macromolecules are not degraded into substrates for methanogenesis in hydrothermal sediments. We provide new insights into the niches, and genomes of microorganisms that actively degrade abundant necromass macromolecules under oxic, sulfate-reducing, and fermentative thermophilic conditions. These findings improve our understanding of the carbon flow across trophic levels and indicate how primary produced biomass sustains complex and productive ecosystems.
Additional file 2 of New information on paleopathologies in non-avian theropod dinosaurs: a case study on South American abelisaurids
Creators: name: Baiano, Mattia A.
name: Cerda, Ignacio A.
name: Bertozzo, Filippo
name: Pol, Diego
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2.
Formation of ethane and propane via abiotic reductive conversion of acetic acid in hydrothermal sediments
Creators: name: Schubotz, F.
name: Hansen, C.T.
name: Kellermann, M.Y.
name: Hinrichs, K.-U.
name: Song, M.
name: Teske, A.P.
name: Bach, W.
Publisher: name: National Academy of Sciences
Year: 2021

description: A mechanistic understanding of formation pathways of lowmolecular- weight hydrocarbons is relevant for disciplines such as atmospheric chemistry, geology, and astrobiology. The patterns of stable carbon isotopic compositions (δ13C) of hydrocarbons are commonly used to distinguish biological, thermogenic, and abiotic sources. Here, we report unusual isotope patterns of nonmethane hydrocarbons in hydrothermally heated sediments of the Guaymas Basin; these nonmethane hydrocarbons are notably 13Cenriched relative to sedimentary organic matter and display an isotope pattern that is reversed relative to thermogenic hydrocarbons (i.e., δ13C ethane > δ13C propane > δ13C n-butane > δ13C n-pentane). We hypothesized that this pattern results from abiotic reductive conversion of volatile fatty acids, which were isotopically enriched due to prior equilibration of their carboxyl carbon with dissolved inorganic carbon. This hypothesis was tested by hydrous pyrolysis experiments with isotopically labeled substrates at 350°C and 400 bar that demonstrated 1) the exchange of carboxyl carbon of C2 to C5 volatile fatty acids with 13C-bicarbonate and 2) the incorporation of 13C from 13C-2-acetic acid into ethane and propane. Collectively, our results reveal an abiotic formation pathway for nonmethane hydrocarbons, which may be sufficiently active in organic-rich, geothermally heated sediments and petroleum systems to affect isotopic compositions of nonmethane hydrocarbons.
The rebrightening of a ROSAT-selected tidal disruption event: repeated weak partial disruption flares from a quiescent galaxy?
Creators: name: Malyali, A.
name: Liu, Z.
name: Rau, A.
name: Grotova, I.
name: Merloni, A.
name: Goodwin, A. J.
name: Anderson, G. E.
name: Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
name: Kawka, A.
name: Arcodia, R.
name: Buchner, J.
name: Nandra, K.
name: Homan, D.
name: Krumpe, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ROSAT-selected tidal disruption event (TDE) candidate RX J133157.6-324319.7 (J1331), was detected in 1993 as a bright (0.2-2 keV flux of $(1.0 \pm 0.1) \times 10^{-12}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$), ultra-soft ($kT=0.11 \pm 0.03$ keV) X-ray flare from a quiescent galaxy ($z=0.05189$). During its fifth All-Sky survey (eRASS5) in 2022, SRG/eROSITA detected the repeated flaring of J1331, where it had rebrightened to an observed 0.2-2 keV flux of $(6.0 \pm 0.7) \times 10^{-13}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$, with spectral properties ($kT=0.115 \pm 0.007$ keV) consistent with the ROSAT-observed flare $\sim$30 years earlier. In this work, we report on X-ray, UV, optical, and radio observations of this system. During a pointed XMM observation $\sim$17 days after the eRASS5 detection, J1331 was not detected in the 0.2-2 keV band, constraining the 0.2-2 keV flux to have decayed by a factor of $\gtrsim$40 over this period. Given the extremely low probability ($\sim5\times 10^{-6}$) of observing two independent full TDEs from the same galaxy over a 30 year period, we consider the variability seen in J1331 to be likely caused by two partial TDEs involving a star on an elliptical orbit around a black hole. J1331-like flares show faster rise and decay timescales ($\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{days})$) compared to standard TDE candidates, with neglible ongoing accretion at late times post-disruption between outbursts.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures. MNRAS accepted
An examination of the behaviour of aerofoils in unsteady flow with special reference to the Kutta condition
Creators: name: P. Royle
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: An examination of the behaviour of aerofoils in unsteady flow with special reference to the Kutta condition
Additional file 1 of Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic models for Space Syntax studies on spatial experience
Creators: name: Lee, Ju Hyun
name: Ostwald, Michael J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. 66 Articles included in the data collection.
The Guaymas Basin Subseafloor Sedimentary Archaeome Reflects Complex Environmental Histories
Creators: name: Teske, A.P.
name: McKay, L.J.
name: Buckley, A.
name: Ramírez, G.A.
name: Hensen, C.
name: Mortera, C.
name: Fields, M.W.
name: Ravelo, A.C.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2020

description: We explore archaeal distributions in sedimentary subseafloor habitats of Guaymas Basin and the adjacent Sonora Margin, located in the Gulf of California, México. Sampling locations include (1) control sediments without hydrothermal or seep influence, (2) Sonora Margin sediments underlying oxygen minimum zone water, (3) compacted, highly reduced sediments from a pressure ridge with numerous seeps at the base of the Sonora Margin, and (4) sediments impacted by hydrothermal circulation at the off-axis Ringvent site. Generally, archaeal communities largely comprise Bathyarchaeal lineages, members of the Hadesarchaea, MBG-D, TMEG, and ANME-1 groups. Variations in archaeal community composition reflect locally specific environmental challenges. Background sediments are divided into surface and subsurface niches. Overall, the environmental setting and history of a particular site, not isolated biogeochemical properties out of context, control the subseafloor archaeal communities in Guaymas Basin and Sonora Margin sediments.
Facing energy limitations – approaches to increase basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) growth and quality by different increasing light intensities emitted by a broadband LED light spectrum (400-780 nm)
Creators: name: Tabbert, Jenny Manuela
name: Schulz, Hartwig
name: Krähmer, Andrea
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: light-emitting diode (LED)
subject: morphology
subject: essential oil
subject: volatile organic compound (VOC)
subject: energy use efficiency (EUE)
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Based on the current trend towards broad-bandwidth LED light spectra for basil productions in multi-tiered controlled-environment horticulture, a recently developed white broad-bandwidth LED light spectrum (400-780 nm) including far-red wavelengths with elevated red and blue light fractions was employed to cultivate basil. Four Ocimum basilicum L. cultivars (cv. Anise, cv. Cinnamon, cv. Dark Opal and cv. Thai Magic) were exposed to two different rising light intensity conditions (ILow and IHigh). In dependence of the individual cultivar-specific plant height increase over time, basil cultivars were exposed to light intensities increasing from ~ 100 to ~ 200 µmol m-2 s-1 under ILow, and from 200 to 400 µmol m-2 s-1 under IHigh (due to the exponential light intensity increases with decreasing proximity to the LED light fixtures). Within the first experiment, basils’ morphological developments, biomass yields and time to marketability under both light conditions were investigated and the energy consumptions were determined to calculate the basils’ light use efficiencies. In detail, cultivar-dependent differences in plant height, leaf and branch pair developments over time are described. In comparison to the ILow light conditions, IHigh resulted in accelerated developments and greater yields of all basil cultivars and expedited their marketability by 3-5 days. However, exposure to light intensities above ~ 300 µmol m-2 s-1 induced light avoidance responses in the green-leafed basil cultivars cv. Anise, cv. Cinnamon and cv. Thai Magic. In contrast, ILow resulted in consumer-preferred visual qualities and greater biomass efficiencies of the green-leafed basil cultivars and are discussed as a result of their ability to adapt well to low light conditions. Contrarily to the green-leafed cultivars, purple-leafed cv. Dark Opal developed insufficiently under ILow, but remained light-tolerant under IHigh, which is related to its high anthocyanin contents. In a second experiment, cultivars’ volatile organic compound (VOC) contents and compositions over time were investigated. While VOC contents per gram of leaf dry matter gradually decreased in purple-leafed cv. Dark Opal between seedling stage to marketability, their contents gradually increased in the green cultivars. Regardless of the light treatment applied, cultivar-specific VOC compositions changed tremendously in a developmental stage-dependent manner.
Callsafe – The Vishing Barrier
Creators: name: Ang, Swee Boon
name: Song, Samuel Yu Hao
name: Tan, Jing Yuan
name: Toh, Cheng Kiat Brendan
name: Tan, Jin Hao
name: Guo, Huaqun
name: Lee, Kong Aik
name: Yar, Kar Peo
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460407
subject: System and network security

description: Vishing, a form of phone scam where fraudsters impersonate legitimate organizations to deceive victims into divulging personal information or making financial transactions, poses a significant threat in today's digital landscape. As vishing attacks continue to rise, effective measures are required to protect individuals from falling prey to these scams. This paper introduces Callsafe, a user-friendly software application developed to detect and prevent vishing attacks as it equips everyday users with the means to safeguard their personal information.
Fusion of two stable elastic structures resulting in an unstable system
Creators: name: Rossi, Marco
name: Piccolroaz, Andrea
name: Bigoni, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a compound elastic structure, which displays a dynamic instability, may be designed as the union (or 'fusion') of two structures which are stable when separately analyzed. The compound elastic structure has two degrees of freedom and is made up of a rigid rod connected with two springs to a smooth support, which evidences a jump in the curvature at the equilibrium configuration. Instability is proven in a linearized context and is related to the application of a non-conservative load of the follower type, so that the instability disappears under dead loads. In the fully nonlinear range, the instability is also confirmed through numerical simulations. The obtained results may be useful in the design of new mechanical sensors, or devices for energy harvesting, or architected materials. In addition, our findings have conceptual implications on piecewise-linear theories of mechanics such as for instance plasticity or frictional contact.
description: 39 pages, 19 figures; post-print version; added Journal reference
Almost sure invariance principle for the Kantorovich distance between the empirical and the marginal distributions of strong mixing sequences
Creators: name: Dedecker, Jérôme
name: Merlevède, Florence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a strong invariance principle for the Kantorovich distance between the empiricaldistribution and the marginal distribution of stationary $α$-mixing sequences.
The use of Moringa oleifera in ruminant feeding and its contribution to climate change mitigation
Creators: name: Amad, Abdulkarim Abdulmageed
name: Zentek, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: ruminants
subject: performance
subject: agroforestry
subject: climate change
subject: methane emission
subject: carbon dioxide mitigation
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::632 Schäden, Krankheiten, Schädlinge an Pflanzen

description: Livestock production in developing countries faces several difficulties such as a general shortage of feed resources, regional availability, and quality. Climate change further exacerbates these problems, leading to a massive reduction in ruminant productivity. Therefore, there is a need for the use of adaptable and resilient forage plants that can also contribute to reducing greenhouse gases. The Moringa oleifera tree is well known as an agroforestry tree and has adapted to growing in harsh conditions. It produces a high amount of biomass in a short period and contains high levels of nutrients and biologically active components. All parts of the Moringa tree are valuable and have multiple benefits and applications. Therefore, Moringa oleifera has great potential and can be used as a forage crop, storing carbon dioxide (CO2) and improving ruminant performance and the livelihoods of farmers in the tropics. This article aimed to present the results and findings of studies related to the use of Moringa in ruminant feed (cattle, sheep, and goats) and its contribution to climate protection. Several studies highlighted that M. oleifera can be used as green fodder either individually or in combination with other crops or concentrate feeds to improve the performance of ruminants, such as the growth rate, milk yield, and milk constituents, without negatively impacting animal health. This improvement in performance could be attributed to the favorable nutrient content in M. oleifera, delivering proteins in conjunction with bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, glucosinolates, carotenoids, sterols, saponins, phenolic acids, tannins, and isothiocyanates. Furthermore, it has been shown that this plant can be produced in high yields and thus might be an excellent carbon dioxide sink to absorb and utilize carbon dioxide, reducing the anthropogenic load of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. In addition, feeding cattle and other ruminants with M. oleifera leaves or seeds significantly decreases ruminal methane emissions, which could contribute to adapting to climate-friendly farming. Thus, the use of Moringa can make a sustainable contribution to strengthening animal production, especially in countries with limited feed resources.
Dust-regulated galaxy formation and evolution:A new chemodynamical model with live dust particles
Creators: name: Bekki, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interstellar dust plays decisive roles in the conversion of neutral to molecular hydrogen (H_2), the thermodynamical evolution of interstellar medium (ISM), and the modification of spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of galaxies. These important roles of dust have not been self-consistently included in previous numerical simulations of galaxy formation and evolution. We have therefore developed a new model by which one can investigate whether and how galaxy formation and evolution can be influenced by dust-related physical processes such as photo-electric heating, H_2 formation on dust, and stellar radiation pressure on dust in detail. A novel point of the model is that different dust species in a galaxy are represented by `live dust' particles (i.e., not test particles). Therefore, dust particles in a galaxy not only interact gravitationally with all four components of the galaxy (i.e., dark matter, stars, gas, and dust) but also are grown and destroyed through physical processes of ISM. First we describe a way to include dust-related physical processes in Nbody+hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy evolution in detail. Then we show some preliminary results of dust-regulated galaxy evolution. The preliminary results suggest that the evolution of dust distributions driven by radiation pressure of stars is very important for the evolution of star formation rates, chemical abundances, H_2 fractions, and gas distributions in galaxies.
description: 27 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS (The last figure C3 illustrates the new simulations with dust physics.)
Electronic structure and polaronic charge distributions of Fe vacancy clusters in Fe$_{1-x}$O
Creators: name: Bernal-Villamil, I.
name: Gallego, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a detailed study of the electronic structure of Fe$_{1-x}$O at moderate values of $x$. Our results evidence that the Fe vacancies introduce significant local modifications of the structural, electronic and magnetic features, that serve to explain the origin of the measured dependencies of the physical properties on $x$. The final properties are determined by a complex interplay of the charge demand from O, the magnetic interactions, and the charge order at the Fe sublattice. Furthermore, polaronic distributions of charge resembling those at magnetite, Fe$_3$O$_4$, emerge for the most stable defect structures. This defines a unique scenario to understand the nature of the short-range correlations in Fe$_3$O$_4$, and unveils their intimate connection to the long-range charge order developed below the Verwey transition temperature.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures
Solution for Detecting Phishing Attacks
Creators: name: Ng, Jing Kai
name: Loo, Brandon Jia Le
name: Lan, Elizabeth Yiling
name: Leong, Shu Min
name: Teo, Clarabel Jinghui
name: Guo, Huaqun
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460407
subject: System and network security

description: This paper presents a solution to mitigate real-world phishing attacks. By synergizing data structures, search algorithms, and open-source datasets, the solution precisely detects inputs resembling previous phishing attempts, enabling informed user decisions. Through rigorous testing, the solution attains high accuracy, outperforming existing technologies. Its real-time nature, facilitating dataset updates, curtails phishing success rates, fortifying digital security. This fosters a safer online milieu and underscores the need for proactive cyber defense against evolving threats.
Transfer of multi-DNA patches by colloidal stamping
Creators: name: Khalaf, Rawan
name: Viamonte, Andrea
name: Ducrot, Etienne
name: Mérindol, Rémi
name: Ravaine, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Patchy particles have received great attention due to their ability to develop directional and selective interactions and serve as building units for the self-assembly of innovative colloidal molecules and crystalline structures. Although synthesizing particles with multiple dissimilar patches is still highly challenging and lacks efficient methods, these building blocks would open paths towards a broader range of ordered materials with inherent properties. Herein, we describe a new approach to pattern functional DNA patches at the surface of particles, by the use of colloidal stamps. DNA inks are transferred only at the contact zones between the target particles and the stamps thanks to selective strand-displacement reactions. The produced DNA-patchy particles are ideal candidates to act as advanced precision/designer building blocks to self-assemble the next generation of colloidal materials.
Sharp contrasts between freshwater and marine microbial enzymatic capabilities, community composition, and DOM pools in a NE Greenland fjord
Creators: name: Balmonte, J.P.
name: Andersen, T.J.
name: Teske, A.
name: Sejr, M.K.
name: Hasler-Sheetal, H.
name: Arnosti, C.
name: Middelboe, M.
name: Glud, R.N.
Publisher: name: Wiley Blackwell
Year: 2020

description: Increasing glacial discharge can lower salinity and alter organic matter (OM) supply in fjords, but assessing the biogeochemical effects of enhanced freshwater fluxes requires understanding of microbial interactions with OM across salinity gradients. Here, we examined microbial enzymatic capabilities—in bulk waters (nonsize-fractionated) and on particles (≥ 1.6 μm)—to hydrolyze common OM constituents (peptides, glucose, polysaccharides) along a freshwater–marine continuum within Tyrolerfjord-Young Sound. Bulk peptidase activities were up to 15-fold higher in the fjord than in glacial rivers, whereas bulk glucosidase activities in rivers were twofold greater, despite fourfold lower cell counts. Particle-associated glucosidase activities showed similar trends by salinity, but particle-associated peptidase activities were up to fivefold higher—or, for several peptidases, only detectable—in the fjord. Bulk polysaccharide hydrolase activities also exhibited freshwater–marine contrasts: xylan hydrolysis rates were fivefold higher in rivers, while chondroitin hydrolysis rates were 30-fold greater in the fjord. Contrasting enzymatic patterns paralleled variations in bacterial community structure, with most robust compositional shifts in river-to-fjord transitions, signifying a taxonomic and genetic basis for functional differences in freshwater and marine waters. However, distinct dissolved organic matter (DOM) pools across the salinity gradient, as well as a positive relationship between several enzymatic activities and DOM compounds, indicate that DOM supply exerts a more proximate control on microbial activities. Thus, differing microbial enzymatic capabilities, community structure, and DOM composition—interwoven with salinity and water mass origins—suggest that increased meltwater may alter OM retention and processing in fjords, changing the pool of OM supplied to coastal Arctic microbial communities.
Supplemental statistical tests from Flexibility in the social structure of male chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the Budongo Forest, Uganda
Creators: name: Badihi, Gal
name: Bodden, Kelsey
name: Zuberbühler, Klaus
name: Samuni, Liran
name: Hobaiter, Catherine
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplemental statistical tests, including stability measures and an adults only version of the analyses
title: Σχεδιασμός εταιρικής ταυτότητας της κατασκήνωσης Brooks/ kids breaking camp
title: Brand identity for the Brooks/ kids breaking camp
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Μάχου, Ντανιέλα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Εταιρική ταυτότητα

description: Το κεντρικό θέμα της πτυχιακής εργασίας είναι μια καλοκαιρινή κατασκήνωση για παιδιά στην οποίο συνδυάζονται οι καλοκαιρινές διακοπές με τον χορό του breaking. Στην παρούσα πτυχιακή εργασία, θα σχεδιάσουμε την εταιρική ταυτότητας της κατασκήνωσης. Σκοπός της κατασκήνωσης είναι τα παιδιά να έρθουν σε επαφή με το συγκεκριμένο είδος χορού και να νιώσουν της ελευθερία άλλα και την αδρεναλίνη που προσφέρει ο χορός.
Additional file 1 of Land use alters cross-ecosystem transfer of high value fatty acids by aquatic insects
Creators: name: Ohler, Katharina
name: Schreiner, Verena C.
name: Reinhard, Lukas
name: Link, Moritz
name: Liess, Matthias
name: Brack, Werner
name: Schäfer, Ralf B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Zoology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Sampling sites in south-western Germany (European Environment Agency, 2007). Table S1. Mean and standard deviation (sd) of all environmental variables monitored during the field experiment in forested and agricultural sites. Table S2. Name, CAS-number, acute EC50 value, taxon and source of EC50 values of the pesticides used in the calculation of the logarithmic sum of the toxic unit (sumTU). Table S3. Name, CAS-number, koc (soil organic carbon–water partitioning coefficient) value of the pyrethroids used in the calculation of the particle-associated concentration of an estimate of the bioavailable concentration in water. Table S4. Time periods, in which samples of emergent aquatic insects were pooled on order level for fatty acid analysis. Table S5. Results of hierarchical generalized additive models (HGAM) to identify seasonal patterns of fatty acid export via aquatic insects. Figure S2. Mean proportion and standard deviation of fatty acids (FA). Table S6. 95% confidence intervals of the total export of all fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids during the primary emergence period in forested and agricultural sites. Table S7. Results of the partial redundancy analysis (RDA) and RDA. Figure S3. Differences of environmental variables between forested and agricultural sites visualized with violin plots.
Bi layer properties in the Bi-FeNi GMR-type structures probed by spectroscopic ellipsometry
Creators: name: Kovaleva, Natalia
name: Chvostova, Dagmar
name: Fekete, Ladislav
name: Dejneka, Alexandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bismuth (Bi) having a large atomic number is characterized by the strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and is a parent compound of many 3D topological insulators (TIs). The ultrathin Bi films are supposed to be 2D TIs possessing the nontrivial topology, which opens the possibility of developing new efficient technologies in the field of spintronics. Here we aimed at studying the dielectric function properties of ultrathin Bi/FeNi periodic structures using spectroscopic ellipsometry. The [Bi(d)-FeNi(1.8 nm)]N GMR-type structures were grown by rf sputtering deposition on Sitall-glass (TiO2) substrates. The ellipsometric angles Psi(omega) and Delta(omega) were measured for the grown series (d=0.6,1.4,2.0,2.5 nm, N=16) of the multilayered film samples at room temperature for four angles of incidence of 60, 65, 70, and 75 degrees in a wide photon energy range of 0.5-6.5 eV. The measured ellipsometric angles, Psi(omega) and Delta(omega), were simulated in the framework of the corresponding multilayer model. The complex (pseudo)dielectric function spectra of the Bi layer were extracted. The GMR effects relevant for the studied Bi-FeNi MLF systems are estimated from the optical conductivity zero-limit (optical GMR effect). The obtained results demonstrate that the Bi layer possesses the surface metallic conductivity induced by the SOC effects, which is strongly enhanced on vanishing the semimetallic-like phase contribution on decreasing the layer thickness, indicating its nontrivial 2D topology properties.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Côte d'Ivoire rural electrification planning (presentation)
Creators: name: COULIBALY Nigno Zie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: EAE, CIV

description: Côte d’Ivoire, 30 millions habitants country of sub-Saharan Africa, It’s the 3rd economy of West Africa and soon the 2nd about the last macroeconomic prevision of IMF. The energy domain including electricity sector is very dynamics. In fact, to 34 % in 2011, today the electricity access rate is more than 95% and probably 100% in 2030. Actually, most locality with low population density and very far to grid network are not connected. This study going to use EAE tools to analyze how these localities can be connected if we integrate others low deployment technologies and least cost solutions such as solar photovoltaic and hydropower minigrid
title: Η τέταρτη βιομηχανική επανάσταση υπό το πρίσμα της βιομηχανικής κοινωνιολογίας
title: The fourth industrial revolution under the prism of industrial sociology
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Πασκάλι, Γκαμπριέλο
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Βιομηχανική επανάσταση
Τέταρτη βιομηχανική επανάσταση
Βιομηχανική κοινωνιολογία
Industry 4.0
Βιομηχανική κοινωνία
Βιομηχανική παραγωγή

description: Η σημασία αυτής της μελέτης έγκειται στη δυνατότητά της να συνεισφέρει στον αυξανόμενο όγκο της βιβλιογραφίας σχετικά με τον αντίκτυπο των τεχνολογικών μετασχηματισμών στις βιομηχανικές κοινωνίες. Εξετάζοντας τον αντίκτυπο της 4ης Βιομηχανικής Επανάστασης στο ανθρώπινο δυναμικό στη βιομηχανία, αυτή η μελέτη στοχεύει να καλύψει ένα κενό στη βιβλιογραφία και να παράσχει πληροφορίες για το μέλλον της εργασίας στις βιομηχανικές κοινωνίες. Συνολικά, αυτή η διατριβή επιδιώκει να συμβάλει στην κατανόηση του αντίκτυπου της 4ης Βιομηχανικής Επανάστασης στο ανθρώπινο δυναμικό στη βιομηχανία από μια βιομηχανική κοινωνιολογική προοπτική. Μέσα από μια ολοκληρωμένη ανάλυση των αλλαγών και των προκλήσεων που έχουν εμφανιστεί στη βιομηχανική παραγωγή, αυτή η μελέτη θα παράσχει πληροφορίες για το μέλλον της εργασίας στις βιομηχανοποιημένες κοινωνίες και θα ενημερώσει την πολιτική και την πρακτική στον κλάδο.
Additional file 1 of A scoping review of theories, models and frameworks used or proposed to evaluate knowledge mobilization strategies
Creators: name: Ziam, Saliha
name: Lanoue, Sèverine
name: McSween-Cadieux, Esther
name: Gervais, Mathieu-Joël
name: Lane, Julie
name: Gaid, Dina
name: Chouinard, Laura Justine
name: Dagenais, Christian
name: Ridde, Valéry
name: Jean, Emmanuelle
name: Fleury, France Charles
name: Hong, Quan Nha
name: Prigent, Ollivier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Keywords and search strategy.
Minimising Cost for Travel Bus Operator
Creators: name: Koh, Bryan Kai Xuan
name: Sia, Hong Liang
name: Lim, Jun Hui
name: Chun, Louis Jia Jun
name: Chia, Rui Feng
name: Guo, Huaqun
name: Yar, Kar Peo
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 469999
subject: Other information and computing sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The tourist travel bus sector is one of the main contributors to the Singapore economy. However, the cost optimization is a challenging factor when it comes to operating a travel bus. This project, BusPathFinder, aims to identify the shortest and most efficient routes between Changi Airport Terminal 3 and various hotels by utilising advanced pathfinding map algorithms. The project uses the Google Map API and three pathfinding algorithms: Dijkstra Algorithm, Bellman-Ford, and the Travelling Salesperson (TSP). As a result, The BusPathFinder application is materialised as an advanced tool capable of mapping out the best paths using three algorithms from Changi Airport Terminal 3 to different hotels. In addition, BusPathFinder can also visualise these routes in HTML format, as well as calculate the cost of each travel route and the total distance travelled. The project’s findings will be applied to improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of bus routes in the tourism sector.