cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Static Visualization of Unsteady Flows by Flow Steadification
Creators: name: Wolligandt, Steve
name: Wilde, Thomas
name: Rössl, Christian
name: Theisel, Holger
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2020

description: Finding static visual representations of time-varying phenomena is a standard problem in visualization. We are interested in unsteady flow data, i.e., we want to find a static visualization - one single still image - that shows as much of the global behavior of particle trajectories (path lines) as possible. We propose a new approach, which we call steadification: given a time-dependent flow field v, we construct a new steady vector field w such that the stream lines of w correspond to the path lines of v. With this, the temporal behavior of v can be visualized by using standard methods for steady vector field visualization. We present a formal description as a constraint optimization that can be mapped to finding a set cover, a NP-hard problem that is solved approximately and fairly efficiently by a greedy algorithm. As an application, we introduce the first 2D image-based flow visualization technique that shows the behavior of path lines in a static visualization, even if the path lines have a significantly different behavior than stream lines.
description: Vision, Modeling, and Visualization
description: Flow Visualization
description: 99
description: 106
description: Steve Wolligandt, Thomas Wilde, Christian Rössl, and Holger Theisel
Pallenis spinosa Cass.
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Pallenis
Pallenis spinosa

description: Pallenis spinosa (L.) Cass.
Art ISFS: 290200 Checklist: 1032350 Asteraceae Pallenis Pallenis spinosa (L.) Cass.
ZusammenfassungKEINE ANGABE
Ökologie
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
KEINE ANGABE
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--Nährstoffzahl N--Kontinentalitätszahl K--
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Pallenis spinosa(L.) Cass.
Volksname
Deutscher Name: -- Nom français: -- Nome italiano: --
Übereinstimmung mit anderen Referenzwerken
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo=Pallenis spinosa (L.) Cass.Index synonymique 1996290200=Pallenis spinosa (L.) Cass.SISF/ISFS 2290200
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon überein (Checklist 2017)  Taxon enthält (neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (Checklist 2017)
Status Indigenat: -
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): Nein
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,
Global Gridded Daily CO$_2$ Emissions
Creators: name: Dou, Xinyu
name: Wang, Yilong
name: Ciais, Philippe
name: Chevallier, Frédéric
name: Davis, Steven J.
name: Crippa, Monica
name: Janssens-Maenhout, Greet
name: Guizzardi, Diego
name: Solazzo, Efisio
name: Yan, Feifan
name: Huo, Da
name: Bo, Zheng
name: Deng, Zhu
name: Zhu, Biqing
name: Wang, Hengqi
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Gentine, Pierre
name: Liu, Zhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Precise and high-resolution carbon dioxide (CO$_2$) emission data is of great importance of achieving the carbon neutrality around the world. Here we present for the first time the near-real-time Global Gridded Daily CO$_2$ Emission Datasets (called GRACED) from fossil fuel and cement production with a global spatial-resolution of 0.1$^\circ$ by 0.1$^\circ$ and a temporal-resolution of 1-day. Gridded fossil emissions are computed for different sectors based on the daily national CO$_2$ emissions from near real time dataset (Carbon Monitor), the spatial patterns of point source emission dataset Global Carbon Grid (GID), Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) and spatiotemporal patters of satellite nitrogen dioxide (NO$_2$) retrievals. Our study on the global CO$_2$ emissions responds to the growing and urgent need for high-quality, fine-grained near-real-time CO2 emissions estimates to support global emissions monitoring across various spatial scales. We show the spatial patterns of emission changes for power, industry, residential consumption, ground transportation, domestic and international aviation, and international shipping sectors between 2019 and 2020. This help us to give insights on the relative contributions of various sectors and provides a fast and fine-grained overview of where and when fossil CO$_2$ emissions have decreased and rebounded in response to emergencies (e.g. COVID-19) and other disturbances of human activities than any previously published dataset. As the world recovers from the pandemic and decarbonizes its energy systems, regular updates of this dataset will allow policymakers to more closely monitor the effectiveness of climate and energy policies and quickly adapt.
Quantum Gate for Kerr Nonlinear Parametric Oscillator Using Effective Excited States
Creators: name: Kanao, Taro
name: Masuda, Shumpei
name: Kawabata, Shiro
name: Goto, Hayato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Kerr nonlinear parametric oscillator (KPO) can stabilize a quantum superposition of two coherent states with opposite phases, which can be used as a qubit. In a universal gate set for quantum computation with KPOs, an $R_x$ gate, which interchanges the two coherent states, is relatively hard to perform owing to the stability of the two states. We propose a method for a high-fidelity $R_x$ gate by exciting the KPO outside the qubit space with parity-selective transitions, which can be implemented by only adding a driving field. In this method, the utilization of higher effective excited states leads to a faster $R_x$ gate, rather than states near the qubit space. The proposed method can realize a continuous $R_x$ gate and thus is expected to be useful for, e.g., recently proposed variational quantum algorithms.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ Brane Webs and Quiver Matrices
Creators: name: Cheng, Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss 3d brane webs and effective Chern-Simons levels for 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ gauge theories. We find that turning on real masses for chiral multiplets leads to various equivalent brane webs that are related by flipping positions of D5-branes. We interpret flips as $ST$-transformations for chiral multiplets. $ST$-transformations could turn abelian theories into dual theories with mixed Chern-Simons levels that are interpreted as quiver matrices $C_{ij}$ encoding DT-invariants. We notice that each brane web corresponds to a quiver matrix. $ST$-transformations of holomorphic blocks are discussed to verify results. We also discuss the movement of flavor D5-branes, which leads to double-layer brane webs and manifests fiber-base duality. In the second part, we compute refined vortex partition functions of nonabelian theories with the gauge group $U\left(N\right)$ and find corresponding quiver matrices. The computation shows that on Higgs branch nonabelian groups are broken to abelian groups.
description: 46 pages, 22 figures
Partial Matching of Trajectories with Particle Orientation for Exploratory Trajectory Visualization
Creators: name: Kahlert, Franziska
name: Gumhold, Stefan
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2020
Subjects: Human centered computing
Scientific visualization
Information systems
Similarity measures

description: Trajectories of moving objects are of interest in multiple research fields ranging from geographic information science to behavioral science. Movement patterns of the studied object are often analyzed. Therefore, similar trajectories are retrieved which introduces the need for a similarity measure of trajectories. Similarity measures taken the shape of the trajectory into account are widely researched. Though, there are more attributes that can be relevant to distinguish different movements. One of them is the object orientation along the trajectory. The orientation is of interest in research fields where it influences the movement behavior like the impact of external forces in particles simulations. Trajectory retrieval taking particle orientation into account is still an open research question. Therefore, this work presents a similarity measure for trajectory retrieval considering the complex interaction of linear and rotational movement of particles. Furthermore, the similarity measure applies partial matching allowing for exploration of trajectory parts such as events that may occur along a trajectory tracked over a long time. The proposed algorithm is incorporated into an application for exploratory trajectory visualization.
description: Vision, Modeling, and Visualization
description: Flow Visualization
description: 107
description: 115
description: Franziska Kahlert and Stefan Gumhold
description: CCS Concepts: Human-centered computing --> Scientific visualization; Information systems --> Similarity measures
Linear programming bounds for quantum channels acting on quantum error-correcting codes
Creators: name: Ouyang, Yingkai
name: Lai, Ching-Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While quantum weight enumerators establish some of the best upper bounds on the minimum distance of quantum error-correcting codes, these bounds are not optimized to quantify the performance of quantum codes under the effect of arbitrary quantum channels that describe bespoke noise models. Herein, for any Kraus decomposition of any given quantum channel, we introduce corresponding quantum weight enumerators that naturally generalize the Shor-Laflamme quantum weight enumerators. We establish an indirect linear relationship between these generalized quantum weight enumerators by introducing an auxiliary exact weight enumerator that completely quantifies the quantum code's projector, and is independent of the underlying noise process. By additionally working within the framework of approximate quantum error correction, we establish a general framework for constructing a linear program that is infeasible whenever approximate quantum error correcting codes with corresponding parameters do not exist. Our linear programming framework allows us to establish the non-existence of certain quantum codes that approximately correct amplitude damping errors, and obtain non-trivial upper bounds on the maximum dimension of a broad family of permutation-invariant quantum codes.
description: 16 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2001.03976
Exploiting Features with Split-and-Share Module
Creators: name: Lee, Jaemin
name: Seo, Minseok
name: Park, Jongchan
name: Choi, Dong-Geol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown state-of-the-art performances in various computer vision tasks. Advances on CNN architectures have focused mainly on designing convolutional blocks of the feature extractors, but less on the classifiers that exploit extracted features. In this work, we propose Split-and-Share Module (SSM),a classifier that splits a given feature into parts, which are partially shared by multiple sub-classifiers. Our intuition is that the more the features are shared, the more common they will become, and SSM can encourage such structural characteristics in the split features. SSM can be easily integrated into any architecture without bells and whistles. We have extensively validated the efficacy of SSM on ImageNet-1K classification task, andSSM has shown consistent and significant improvements over baseline architectures. In addition, we analyze the effect of SSM using the Grad-CAM visualization.
A Design and Application Space for Visualizing User Sessions of Virtual and Mixed Reality Environments
Creators: name: Agarwal, Shivam
name: Auda, Jonas
name: Schneegaß, Stefan
name: Beck, Fabian
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2020

description: Virtual and mixed reality environments gain complexity due to the inclusion of multiple users and physical objects. A core challenge for developers and researchers while analyzing sessions from such environments lies in understanding the interaction between entities. Additionally, the raw data recorded from such sessions is difficult to analyze due to the simultaneous temporal and spatial changes of multiple entities. However, similar data has already been visualized in other areas of application. We analyze which aspects of these related visualizations can be leveraged for analyzing user sessions in virtual and mixed reality environments and describe a design and application space for such visualizations. First, we examine what information is typically generated in interactive virtual and mixed reality applications and how it can be analyzed through such visualizations. Next, we study visualizations from related research fields and derive seven visualization categories. These categories act as building blocks of the design space, which can be combined into specific visualization systems. We also discuss the application space for these visualizations in debugging and evaluation scenarios. We present two application examples that showcase how one can visualize virtual and mixed reality user sessions and derive useful insights from them.
description: Vision, Modeling, and Visualization
description: Practical Visualization
description: 117
description: 126
description: Shivam Agarwal, Jonas Auda, Stefan Schneegaß, and Fabian Beck
Real-time High-resolution Visualisation
Creators: name: Frieß, Florian
name: Müller, Christoph
name: Ertl, Thomas
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2020
Subjects: Human centered computing
Visualization systems and tools
Computing methodologies
Graphics systems and interfaces

description: While visualisation often strives for abstraction, the interactive exploration of large scientific data sets like densely sampled 3D fields or massive particle data sets still benefits from rendering their graphical representation in large detail on high-resolution displays such as Powerwalls or tiled display walls driven by multiple GPUs or even GPU clusters. Such visualisation systems are typically rather unique in their setup of hardware and software which makes transferring a visualisation application from one high-resolution system to another one a complicated task. As more and more such visualisation systems get installed, collaboration becomes desirable in the sense of sharing such a visualisation running on one site in real time with another highresolution display on a remote site while at the same time communicating via video and audio. Since typical video conference solutions or web-based collaboration tools often cannot deal with resolutions exceeding 4K, with stereo displays or with multi- GPU setups, we designed and implemented a new system based on state-of-the-art hardware and software technologies to transmit high-resolution visualisations including video and audio streams via the internet to remote large displays and back. Our system architecture is built on efficient capturing, encoding and transmission of pixel streams and thus supports a multitude of configurations combining audio and video streams in a generic approach.
description: Vision, Modeling, and Visualization
description: Practical Visualization
description: 127
description: 135
description: Florian Frieß, Christoph Müller, and Thomas Ertl
description: CCS Concepts: Human-centered computing --> Visualization systems and tools; Computing methodologies --> Graphics systems and interfaces
Visual Exploration of Cultural Heritage Collections with Linked Spatiotemporal, Shape and Metadata Views
Creators: name: Lengauer, Stefan
name: Komar, Alexander
name: Karl, Stephan
name: Trinkl, Elisabeth
name: Preiner, Reinhold
name: Schreck, Tobias
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2020
Subjects: Information systems
Digital libraries and archives
Human centered computing
Visualization
Visualization techniques
Interactive systems and tools

description: The analysis of Cultural Heritage (CH) artefacts is an important task in the Digital Humanities. Increasingly, rich CH artefact data comprising metadata of different modalities becomes available in digital libraries and research data repositories. How- ever, the large amounts and heterogeneity of artefacts in these repositories compromise their accessibility for common domain analysis tasks, as domain researchers lack a structural overview of the spatial, temporal, and categorical traits of the artefacts in these collections. Still, researchers need to compare artefacts along different modalities, put them into context, and deal with possible uncertainties, subjectivities, or missing data. To date, many works support domain research via interactive visuali- sation. The majority relies primarily on visualisation of text and metadata including spatiotemporal, image and shape data. However, fewer consider these types of data in a tightly coupled way. We present an approach for tightly integrated multimodal visual exploration of large CH data collections along space, time and shape traits. Based on requirements obtained in collab- oration with domain researchers, we introduce a set of interlinked views for exploration of said modalities. An appropriately defined approach automatically computes most significant correlations across different modalities, guiding the user towards de- tecting interesting artefact relationships. We apply our approach to pertinent archaeological data collections, and demonstrate that characteristic explorative tasks are effectively supported and domain-relevant artefact relations can be discovered.
description: Vision, Modeling, and Visualization
description: Practical Visualization
description: 137
description: 144
description: Stefan Lengauer, Alexander Komar, Stephan Karl, Elisabeth Trinkl, Reinhold Preiner, and Tobias Schreck
description: CCS Concepts: Information systems --> Digital libraries and archives; Human-centered computing --> Visualization; Visualization techniques; Interactive systems and tools
Patient perceptions of safety in primary care: a qualitative study to inform care
Creators: name: Lasser, Elyse C.
name: Heughan, JaAlah-Ai
name: Lai, Alden Yuanhong
name: Yuan, Christina T.
name: Dy, Sydney M.
name: Bittle, Mark
name: Oberlander, Tyler
name: Pitts, Samantha I.
name: Marsteller, Jill
name: Hannum, Susan M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Patients’ perspectives on patient safety have rarely been incorporated into quality initiatives in primary care. Our objective was to understand the patient perspective on patient safety in patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs). We conducted 12 patient focus groups/interviews in nine sites with 65 patients at a geographically diverse sample of National Committee on Quality Assurance Level 3 recognized PCMHs across three states. Using a patient safety framework, we coded and analyzed interviews for overarching themes and subthemes across patient safety domains. Overarching themes focused on (1) both clear and timely communication with and between clinicians and (2) trust in the care team, including being heard, respected, and treated as a whole person. Other themes important to specific patient safety domains included sharing of and access to information, patient education and patient-centered medication reconciliation process, clear documentation for the diagnostic process, patient-centered comprehensive visits, and timeliness of care. Communication and trust are key to patient perceptions of safe primary care. Focusing on these themes across safety domains may help to make primary care both more patient-centered and safer, and should be considered in future ambulatory safety initiatives.
Supermeasured: Violating Bell-Statistical Independence without violating physical statistical independence
Creators: name: Hance, Jonte R.
name: Hossenfelder, Sabine
name: Palmer, Tim N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bell's theorem is often said to imply that quantum mechanics violates local causality, and that local causality cannot be restored with a hidden-variables theory. This however is only correct if the hidden-variables theory fulfils an assumption called Statistical Independence. Violations of Statistical Independence are commonly interpreted as correlations between the measurement settings and the hidden variables (which determine the measurement outcomes). Such correlations have been discarded as ``fine-tuning'' or a ``conspiracy''. We here point out that the common interpretation is at best physically ambiguous and at worst incorrect. The problem with the common interpretation is that Statistical Independence might be violated because of a non-trivial measure in state space, a possibility we propose to call ``supermeasured''. We use Invariant Set Theory as an example of a supermeasured theory that violates the Statistical Independence assumption in Bell's theorem without requiring correlations between hidden variables and measurement settings (physical statistical independence).
description: 15 pages, 1 figure. Published in Foundations of Physics (matched published version)
Quantum Information in Holographic Duality
Creators: name: Chen, Bowen
name: Czech, Bartlomiej
name: Wang, Zi-zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a pedagogical review of how concepts from quantum information theory build up the gravitational side of the AdS/CFT correspondence. The review is self-contained in that it only presupposes knowledge of quantum mechanics and general relativity; other tools--including holographic duality itself--are introduced in the text. We have aimed to give researchers interested in entering this field a working knowledge sufficient for initiating original projects. The review begins with the laws of black hole thermodynamics, which form the basis of this subject, then introduces the Ryu-Takayanagi proposal, the JLMS relation, and subregion duality. We discuss tensor networks as a visualization tool and analyze various network architectures in detail. Next, several modern concepts and techniques are discussed: Renyi entropies and the replica trick, differential entropy and kinematic space, modular Berry phases, modular minimal entropy, entanglement wedge cross sections, bit threads, and others. We discuss the extent to which bulk geometries are fixed by boundary entanglement entropies, and analyze the relations such as the monogamy of mutual information, which boundary entanglement entropies must obey if a state has a semiclassical bulk dual. We close with a discussion of black holes, including holographic complexity, firewalls and the black hole information paradox, islands, and replica wormholes.
description: v2: Invited review, version accepted in journal. 91 pages plus references, 27 figures
Aligning Consumers’ and Farmers’ Behaviors Towards Socially Responsible Agriculture: A Canadian Empirical Study
Creators: Malzoni, Marina Mendonca de Almeida
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

In contrast with the growing public pressure for sustainable agriculture, most Canadian farmers have not prioritized adopting socially responsible production practices. In this context, empirical analysis of farmers’ responses to public demand has been crucial to assisting the agricultural sector to better cope with a more sensitive market. This thesis contributes to the literature by analyzing farmers’ behaviors towards social license (SL) to operate and policy mechanisms that comply with their major perceptions and goals. Using data from a survey comprising 400 farmers across Canada, we estimate the motivations behind farmers’ preferences for industry level investments. We find that SL is the least preferred option compared to alternate industry-level investments, which confirms that public and private net benefits are not aligned. On the other side of this balance, the growing disconnection between agri-food production and society reinforces the importance of research examining the motivations behind consumers’ purchase behaviors. In fact, evidence about the psychometric factors underlining the heterogeneity among citizen concerns versus consumers’ purchase intentions remains scarce. By employing a Structural Equation Model (SEM), this thesis also aimed to understand the direct and indirect effects between variables driving consumers’ attitudes towards specially labeled meat. Our findings suggest that information and engagement in social media positively impact individuals’ perceptions and concerns for farm animal welfare. Furthermore, individuals having an altruistic and anti-anthropocentric profile are also more oriented towards sustainable and ethical conduct as shoppers.
Incrementally Stochastic and Accelerated Gradient Information mixed Optimization for Manipulator Motion Planning
Creators: name: Feng, Yichang
name: Wang, Jin
name: Zhang, Haiyun
name: Lu, Guodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper introduces a novel motion planner, incrementally stochastic and accelerated gradient information mixed optimization (iSAGO), for robotic manipulators in a narrow workspace. Primarily, we propose the overall scheme of iSAGO informed by the mixed momenta for an efficient constrained optimization based on the penalty method. In the stochastic part, we generate the adaptive stochastic momenta via the random selection of sub-functionals based on the adaptive momentum (Adam) method to solve the body-obstacle stuck case. Due to the slow convergence of the stochastic part, we integrate the accelerated gradient descent (AGD) to improve the planning efficiency. Moreover, we adopt the Bayesian tree inference (BTI) to transform the whole trajectory optimization (SAGO) into an incremental sub-trajectory optimization (iSAGO), which improves the computation efficiency and success rate further. Finally, we tune the key parameters and benchmark iSAGO against the other 5 planners on LBR-iiwa in a bookshelf and AUBO-i5 on a storage shelf. The result shows the highest success rate and moderate solving efficiency of iSAGO.
Indirect comparisons of siponimod with fingolimod and ofatumumab in multiple sclerosis: assessing the feasibility of propensity score matching analyses
Creators: name: Samjoo, Imtiaz A.
name: Worthington, Evelyn
name: Haltner, Anja
name: Spin, Paul
name: Drudge, Christopher
name: Cameron, Chris
name: Brennan, Róisín
name: Dahlke, Frank
name: Adlard, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Head-to-head trials comparing siponimod with fingolimod or ofatumumab in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are lacking. Instead, the comparative efficacy of siponimod can be derived from indirect treatment comparisons (ITCs). We assessed the suitability of ITCs leveraging individual patient data from relevant phase III trials across different MS phenotypes. One siponimod trial in patients with secondary progressive MS (SPMS), four fingolimod trials (three in relapsing-remitting MS [RRMS], and one in primary progressive MS [PPMS]), and two ofatumumab trials in relapsing MS (RMS) were considered. The suitability of ITCs was evaluated based on trial design, patient eligibility criteria, baseline patient characteristics, placebo response, and outcome definitions for each trial. Analyses deemed feasible were conducted using one-to-one propensity score matching (PSM). An ITC between siponimod in SPMS and either fingolimod in RRMS or ofatumumab in RMS was not feasible because of insufficient overlap in key patient characteristics (e.g. disability level and relapse history) and differences in placebo response. However, a comparison between siponimod in SPMS and fingolimod in PPMS was feasible because of sufficient overlap in eligibility criteria and baseline characteristics. One-to-one PSM demonstrated siponimod was favored relative to fingolimod for time to 6- and 3-month confirmed disability progression though not significantly different (hazard ratio 0.76 [95% confidence interval 0.48–1.20; p-value = .240] and hazard ratio 0.80 [95% confidence interval 0.52–1.22; p-value = .300], respectively). For trials in MS, clinical phenotype is an important determinant of ITC feasibility. An ITC between siponimod in SPMS and either fingolimod in RRMS or ofatumumab in RMS was not feasible. The only feasible comparison was between siponimod in SPMS and fingolimod in PPMS.
Comprehensive population-based survey of migraine in Japan: results of the ObserVational Survey of the Epidemiology, tReatment, and Care Of MigrainE (OVERCOME [Japan]) study
Creators: name: Hirata, Koichi
name: Ueda, Kaname
name: Komori, Mika
name: Zagar, Anthony J.
name: Selzler, Katherine J.
name: Nelson, Ann Marie
name: Han, Yimei
name: Jaffe, Dena H.
name: Matsumori, Yasuhiko
name: Takeshima, Takao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: The ObserVational survey of the Epidemiology, tReatment, and Care Of MigrainE study in Japan (OVERCOME [Japan]) aimed to provide an up-to-date assessment of migraine epidemiology in Japan. OVERCOME (Japan) was a cross-sectional, population-based web survey of Japanese adults recruited from consumer panels. People with active migraine (met modified International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition [ICHD-3] criteria or had a self-reported physician diagnosis of migraine) answered questions about headache features, physician consultation patterns, and migraine medication use. The burden and impact of migraine were assessed using Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment scales. In total, 231,747 respondents accessed the screener, provided consent, and were eligible for the survey. The migraine group included 17,071 respondents (mean ± SD age 40.7 ± 13.0 years; 66.5% female). ICHD-3 migraine criteria were met by 14,033 (82.2%) respondents; 9667 (56.6%) self-reported a physician diagnosis of migraine. The mean number of monthly headache days was 4.5 ± 5.7 and pain severity (0–10 scale) was 5.1 ± 2.2. In the migraine group, 20.7% experienced moderate to severe migraine-related disability (MIDAS score ≥ 11). Work productivity loss was 36.2% of work time missed, including 34.3% presenteeism. Only 57.4% of respondents had ever sought medical care for migraine/severe headache. Most respondents (75.2%) were currently using over-the-counter medications for migraine; 36.7% were using prescription nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and only 14.8% were using triptans. Very few (9.2%) used preventive medications. Unmet needs for migraine health care among people with migraine in Japan include low rates of seeking care and suboptimal treatment.
Fast scrambling dynamics and many-body localization transition in an all-to-all disordered quantum spin model
Creators: name: Li, Shang-Shu
name: Huang, Rui-Zhen
name: Fan, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum thermalization and information scrambling dynamics of an experimentally realizable quantum spin model with homogeneous XX-type all-to-all interactions and random local potentials. We identify the thermalization-localization transition by changing the disorder strength, under a proper all-to-all interaction strength. The scrambling dynamics in the localization phase shows novel behaviors distinct from that of local models. The operator scrambling grows almost equally fast in both phases. In the thermal phase, we show there exhibits fast scrambling without appealing to the semi-classical limit. We also briefly discuss the experimental realization of the model using superconducting qubit quantum simulators.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
LES FACTEURS DE FIDELITE DE LA CLIENTELE DES INSTITUTIONS DE MICROFINANCE
Creators: name: Christian Brice TSAGUE DONFACK
name: Emmanuel TCHAGANG
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Cette communication a pour objectif d’identifier les facteurs de fidélité des clients des Institutions de Microfinance (IMF). Le concept de fidélité est largement discuté dans la littérature en marketing, en valorisant son caractère multidimensionnel et la variété des sources de fidélité. L’enquête est réalisée auprès de plus de 500 clients des IMF sélectionnés par convenance dans trois régions du pays. Les données collectées sont d’abord soumises à une analyse de fiabilité, puis à la modélisation par équations structurelles. Les résultats révèlent que la confiance des clients envers l’IMF est le seul facteur déterminant de la fidélité des clients. Ce qui appelle les IMF à un ensemble d’actions visant à multiplier les sources de fidélité de leur clientèle.
Treatment patterns among adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the United States: a retrospective claims study
Creators: name: Schein, Jeff
name: Childress, Ann
name: Adams, Julie
name: Cloutier, Martin
name: Gagnon-Sanschagrin, Patrick
name: Maitland, Jessica
name: Bungay, Rebecca
name: Guérin, Annie
name: Lefebvre, Patrick
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: To assess treatment patterns in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and associated healthcare costs in a real-world US setting. Claims data from the IBM MarketScan Commercial Subset (Q1/2014-Q4/2018) was used to identify adults diagnosed with ADHD who newly initiated on ADHD treatment (index date). Treatment sequences were defined using an algorithm; for each sequence, the regimen comprised all ADHD-related agents observed within 30 d of the first agent during the 12-month study period. Treatment changes included discontinuation, switch, add-on, and drop. Treatment characteristics were described for the first treatment regimen observed. Total adjusted annual healthcare costs were compared between patients with no treatment change and patients with 1, 2, and ≥3 treatment changes. Among 122,881 adults with ADHD, the majority initiated a stimulant (95.1%) as their first treatment regimen observed; 9.3% of patients initiated combination therapy of ≥2 ADHD-related agents, and 34.9% of patients had psychotherapy. After an average first treatment regimen duration of 7.1 months, 50.2% of patients experienced a treatment change (22.5% discontinued, 17.5% switched, 5.3% had an add-on, and 4.6% had a treatment drop). Among those who discontinued, 44.8% did so within the first month of initiation. Mean annual healthcare costs were higher among patients with at least 1 treatment change compared to those with no treatment changes; excess costs increased with each additional treatment change. Treatment changes were commonly observed and were associated with excess healthcare cost, emphasizing the unmet treatment needs of adults with ADHD in the US.
The Replica Symmetric Formula for the SK Model Revisited
Creators: name: Brennecke, Christian
name: Yau, Horng-Tzer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a simple extension of Bolthausen's Morita type proof of the replica symmetric formula [E. Bolthausen, Stat. Mech. of Classical and Disordered Systems, pp. 63-93 (2018)] for the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model and prove the replica symmetry for all $(β,h)$ that satisfy $β^2 E \operatorname{sech}^2(β\sqrt{q}Z+h) \leq 1$, where $q = E\tanh^2(β\sqrt{q}Z+h)$. Compared to [E. Bolthausen, Stat. Mech. of Classical and Disordered Systems, pp. 63-93 (2018)], the key of the argument is to apply the conditional second moment method to a suitably reduced partition function.
description: 16 pages, accepted journal version including minor corrections
A Behavioural Study of Obedience in Health Professional Students
Creators: Violato, Efrem M
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

The research in this dissertation draws on theories from psychology to address the issue of obedience as it relates to medical error and patient harm in healthcare settings by developing a model of obedience, analyzing the environment of application through survey research, and testing obedience in a simulated compliance scenario. The first chapter presents an overview of the dissertation and a review of literature on compliance in healthcare and related topics. In the second chapter a model for obedience is developed drawing on relevant psychological theories. The third chapter reports on survey data gathered to better understand healthcare environments, showing both obedience to authority and conformity are frequently encountered, with Impression Management, Displacement of Responsibility, and Moral Distress being contributing factors. In the fourth chapter to explore causative mechanisms of obedience to authority an experimental simulated compliance scenario was used with Respiratory Therapy and Advanced Care Paramedic students. An intervention to increase positive deviance did not have a significant effect. Low cognitive load reduced the rate of positive deviance in Respiratory Therapy students. The fifth chapter reports on students’ experiences during the simulation scenario. Impression Management, Displacement of Responsibility, and Moral Distress were found to be important factors for obedience to authority, aligning with results presented in chapter three. The combined research is an initial step towards a more refined understanding of obedience to authority in healthcare. In Group Loyalty and experience appear to be important factors in determining if a person will engage in positive deviance while Cognitive Load and Respect for Authority did not function as expected. Within the overarching consideration of patient safety, future research, and practical approaches to promoting positive deviance through education are discussed, including a three-step approach that may be integrated into existing curriculum.
Stress resistance of Enterobacteriaceae in food and water
Creators: Zhiying Wang
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Bacterial species in the order Enterobacterales populate diverse ecological niches including soil, water, nematodes, insects, plants, and vertebrates. Many Enterobacteriaceae temporarily inhabit the intestine of vertebrate hosts but also survive and thrive in extra-intestinal habitats to transit between host individuals. These species acquire stress resistance genes to overcome dispersal limitations and environmental stresses; this stress resistance also challenges pathogen control in the food industry and hospitals. The research described in this thesis aimed to investigate the role of stress resistance genes in host adaptation and their impact on food safety and public health. Samples from Daqu fermentation, wastewater, and fresh water contained Enterobacteriaceae that harbored a genomic island termed the transmissible locus of stress tolerance (tLST), which confers extreme heat resistance. Functional genomics demonstrated that the tLST also confers resistance to chlorine and other oxidizing chemicals, and identified 7 proteins encoded by the tLST are necessary for heat or chlorine resistance. Comparative genomics demonstrated that the tLST is particularly present in those Enterobacteriaceae that occur in plant-associated habitats as well in the intestine of vertebrates. The frequency of the tLST in clinical isolates of Klebsiella and Cronobacter species suggests that tLST-mediated resistance may contribute to their persistence in hospitals. The function of the genomic island was also characterized by competition experiments of isogenic tLST-positive and tLST-negative strains. These demonstrated that the fitness gain during lethal challenge with chlorine is associated with a substantial fitness cost in the absence of chemical or physical stressors.

The presence of tLST excluded virulence factors of several pathogens including Shigella, Shiga-toxin producing E. coli, uropathogenic E. coli, and Salmonella. To determine whether the accessory genome of Salmonella also includes genes that contribute to stress resistance, comparative and functional genomic analyses were used to identify genes related to the resistance of Salmonella to desiccation and dry heat. Of the 289 genes that were differentially distributed in resistant and sensitive strains of Salmonella, 7 genes were confirmed to contribute to dry-heat resistance or high-pressure resistance by expression in sensitive strains. Taken together, this study improves the understanding of the contribution of genetic determinants to stress resistance and host adaptation in Enterobacteriaceae, which allow improved control of pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae.
Single-camera Two-Wavelength Imaging Pyrometry for Melt Pool Temperature Measurement and Monitoring in Laser Powder Bed Fusion based Additive Manufacturing
Creators: name: Vallabh, Chaitanya Krishna Prasad
name: Zhao, Xiayun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Melt pool (MP) temperature is one of the determining factors and key signatures for the properties of printed components during metal additive manufacturing (AM). The state-of-the art measurement systems are hindered by both the equipment cost and the large-scale data acquisition and processing demands. In this work, we introduce a novel coaxial high-speed single-camera two-wavelength imaging pyrometer (STWIP) system as opposed to the typical utilization of multiple cameras for measuring MP temperature profiles through a laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process. Developed on a commercial LPBF machine (EOS M290), the STWIP system is demonstrated to be able to quantitatively monitor MP temperature and variation for 50 layers at high framerates (> 30,000 fps) during a print of five standard fatigue specimens. High performance computing is employed to analyze the acquired big data of MP images for determining each MPs average temperature and 2D temperature profile. The MP temperature evolution in the gage section of a fatigue specimen is also examined at a temporal resolution of 1ms by evaluating the derived MP temperatures of the printed samples first, middle and last layers. This paper is first of its kind on monitoring MP temperature distribution and evolution at such a large, detailed scale for longer durations in practical applications. Future work includes MP registration and machine learning of MP-Part Property relations.
Insights into Early Word Comprehension - Tracking the Neural Representations of Word Semantics in Infants
Creators: Saha, Rohan
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Infants start developing rudimentary language skills and can start understanding simple words well before their first birthday. This development has also been shown primarily using Event Related Potential (ERP) techniques to find evidence of word comprehension in the infant brain. While these works validate the presence of semantic representations of words (word meaning) in infants, they do not tell us about the mental processes involved in the manifestation of these semantic representations or the content of the representations. To this end, we use a decoding approach where we employ machine learning techniques on Electroencephalography (EEG) data to predict the semantic representations of words found in the brain activity of infants. We perform multiple analyses to explore word semantic representations in two groups of infants (9-month-old and 12-month-old). Our analyses show significantly above chance decodability of overall word semantics, word animacy, and word phonetics. As we analyze brain activity, we observe that participants in both age groups show signs of word comprehension immediately after word onset, marked by our model’s significantly above chance word prediction accuracy. We also observed strong neural representations of word phonetics in the brain data for both age groups, some likely correlated to word decoding accuracy and others not. Lastly, we discover that the neural representations of word semantics are similar in both infant age groups. Our results on word semantics, phonetics, and animacy decodability, give us insights into the evolution of neural representation of word meaning in infants.
Interactive Classification of Multi-Shell Diffusion MRI With Features From a Dual-Branch CNN Autoencoder
Creators: name: Torayev, Agajan
name: Schultz, Thomas
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2020

description: Multi-shell diffusion MRI and Diffusion Spectrum Imaging are modern neuroimaging modalities that acquire diffusion weighted images at a high angular resolution, while also probing varying levels of diffusion weighting (b values). This yields large and intricate data for which very few interactive visualization techniques are currently available. We designed and implemented the first system that permits an interactive, iteratively refined classification of such data, which can serve as a foundation for isosurface visualizations and direct volume rendering. Our system leverages features learned by a Convolutional Neural Network. CNNs are state of the art for representation learning, but training them is too slow for interactive use. Therefore, we combine a computationally efficient random forest classifier with autoencoder based features that can be pre-computed by the CNN. Since features from existing CNN architectures are not suitable for this purpose, we design a specific dual-branch CNN architecture, and carefully evaluate our design decisions. We demonstrate that our approach produces more accurate classifications compared to learning with raw data, established domain-specific features, or PCA dimensionality reduction.
description: Eurographics Workshop on Visual Computing for Biology and Medicine
description: Feature Analysis
description: 1
description: 11
description: Agajan Torayev and Thomas Schultz