cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Extending SOUP to ML Models When DesigningCertified Medical Systems
Creators: name: Stirbu, Vlad
name: Granlund, Tuomas
name: Helén, Jere
name: Mikkonen, Tommi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software of Unknown Provenance, SOUP, refers to a software component that is already developed and widely available from a 3rd party, and that has not been developed, to be integrated into a medical device. From regulatory perspective, SOUP software requires special considerations, as the developers' obligations related to design and implementation are not applied to it. In this paper, we consider the implications of extending the concept of SOUP to machine learning (ML) models. As the contribution, we propose practical means to manage the added complexity of 3rd party ML models in regulated development.
There is at most one continuous invariant mean
Creators: name: Pasteczka, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that, for a (not necessarily continuous) weakly contractive mean-type mapping $\mathbf{M} \colon I^p\to I^p$ (where $I$ is an interval and $p \in \mathbb{N}$), the functional equation $K \circ \mathbf{M}=K$ has at most one solution in the family of continuous means $K \colon I^p \to I$.
 Some general approach to the latter equation is also given.
Max-Utility Based Arm Selection Strategy For Sequential Query Recommendations
Creators: name: Parambath, Shameem A. Puthiya
name: Anagnostopoulos, Christos
name: Murray-Smith, Roderick
name: MacAvaney, Sean
name: Zervas, Evangelos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the query recommendation problem in closed loop interactive learning settings like online information gathering and exploratory analytics. The problem can be naturally modelled using the Multi-Armed Bandits (MAB) framework with countably many arms. The standard MAB algorithms for countably many arms begin with selecting a random set of candidate arms and then applying standard MAB algorithms, e.g., UCB, on this candidate set downstream. We show that such a selection strategy often results in higher cumulative regret and to this end, we propose a selection strategy based on the maximum utility of the arms. We show that in tasks like online information gathering, where sequential query recommendations are employed, the sequences of queries are correlated and the number of potentially optimal queries can be reduced to a manageable size by selecting queries with maximum utility with respect to the currently executing query. Our experimental results using a recent real online literature discovery service log file demonstrate that the proposed arm selection strategy improves the cumulative regret substantially with respect to the state-of-the-art baseline algorithms. % and commonly used random selection strategy for a variety of contextual multi-armed bandit algorithms. Our data model and source code are available at ~\url{https://anonymous.4open.science/r/0e5ad6b7-ac02-4577-9212-c9d505d3dbdb/}.
Gate-versus defect-induced voltage drop and negative differential resistance in vertical graphene heterostructures
Creators: name: Kim, Tae Hyung
name: Lee, Juho
name: Lee, Ryong-Gyu
name: Kim, Yong-Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vertically stacked two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures based on graphene electrodes represent a promising architecture for next-generation electronic devices. However, their first-principles characterizations have been so far mostly limited to the equilibrium state due to the limitation of the standard non-equilibrium Green's function approach. To overcome these challenges, we introduce a non-equilibrium first-principles calculation method based on the recently developed multi-space constrained-search density functional formalism and apply it to graphene/few-layer hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)/graphene field-effect transistors. Our explicit finite-voltage first-principles calculations show that the previously reported negative differential resistance (NDR) current-bias voltage characteristics can be produced not only from the gating-induced mismatch between two graphene Dirac cones but from the bias-dependent energetic shift of defect levels. Specifically, for a carbon atom substituted for a nitrogen atom (C$_N$) within inner hBN layers, the increase of bias voltage is found to induce a self-consistent electron filling of in-gap C$_N$ states, which leads to changes in voltage drop profiles and symmetric NDR characteristics. On the other hand, with a C$_N$ placed on outer interfacial hBN layers, we find that due to the pinning of C$_N$ levels to nearby graphene states voltage drop profiles become bias-independent and NDR peaks disappear. Revealing hitherto undiscussed non-equilibrium behaviors of atomic defect states and their critical impact on device characteristics, our work points towards future directions for the computational design of 2D vdW devices
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
The optimal Malliavin-type remainder for Beurling generalized integers
Creators: name: Broucke, Frederik
name: Debruyne, Gregory
name: Vindas, Jasson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M41, 11N80, 11N05

description: We establish the optimal order of Malliavin-type remainders in the asymptotic density approximation formula for Beurling generalized integers. Given $α\in (0,1]$ and $c>0$ (with $c\leq 1$ if $α=1$), a generalized number system is constructed with Riemann prime counting function $ Π(x)= \operatorname*{Li}(x)+ O(x\exp (-c \log^α x ) +\log_{2}x), $ and whose integer counting function satisfies the extremal oscillation estimate $N(x)=ρx + Ω_{\pm}(x\exp(- c'(\log x\log_{2} x)^{\fracα{α+1}})$ for any $c'>(c(α+1))^{\frac{1}{α+1}}$, where $ρ>0$ is its asymptotic density. In particular, this improves and extends upon the earlier work [Adv. Math. 370 (2020), Article 107240].
description: 27 pages
D4.5. Technical Documentation of the Serious Games (R9-R12)
Creators: name: Serious Games Interactive
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Serious Games Interactive are developing four serious games as part of the educational material for WP4. The four game concepts and scope have been developed in several iterations, through workshops, in close collaboration with primarily University of Deusto and BCN. This report consolidates information from work packages, workshops and end-users. It includes design documents for each of the four games being developed.
Comprehensive study of the structural and electronic properties of complexes formed by Mz+ (Li+, Na+, K+, Be2+, Mg2+, Ca2+) cation and thiophene and its derivatives
Creators: name: Ghiassi, Hamideh
name: Heidar Raissi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Biotechnology
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: The interactions of metal cations (Li+, Na+, K+, Be2+, Mg2+, Ca2+) with thiophene and its derivatives have been investigated using MP2/6-311++G** and B3LYP/6-311++G** methods in the gas phase and the water solution. The following substituents are taken into considerations: F, Cl, Br, CH3, OH and C2H3, which cover electron-withdrawing and electron-donating effects. The substituent, the metal cations and the solvent effects on the cation–π interactions are investigated. The physical properties such as dipole moment, chemical potential and chemical hardness of studied complexes have been systematically explored. Natural population analysis data, the electron density and Laplacian properties have been used to evaluate the cation–π interaction. The electron density (ρ) and Laplacian (∇2ρ) properties, estimated by atoms-in-molecules calculations, indicate that the cation–π interactions possess low ρ and positive ∇2ρ, which are in agreement with electrostatic character of the cation–π interactions. Charge transfer values are calculated using Mulliken charges and reveal that the electron charge transfer takes place from thiophene and its derivatives to the metal cation in the complexes under the study. To evaluate the aromaticity of the rings upon complexation, several well-established indices of aromaticity such as the nucleus-independent chemical shift and the harmonic oscillator model of aromaticity and the aromatic fluctuation index have been used. The molecular electrostatic potential is given the visual representation of the chemically active sites and comparative reactivity of atoms. Furthermore, the effects of interactions on NMR data have been used for more investigation of the analyzed complexes.
M2-branes on Discs and Multi-Charged Spindles
Creators: name: Couzens, Christopher
name: Stemerdink, Koen
name: van de Heisteeg, Damian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study supersymmetric AdS$_2\times Y_9$ solutions of 11d supergravity where $Y_9$ is an $S^7$ fibration over a Riemann surface equipped with a metric of non-constant curvature. We consider two classes of Riemann surface: the first is a spindle and the second is a topological disc. These solutions are interpreted as the near-horizon limit of M2 branes wrapped on the Riemann surface and describe the near-horizon of a 4d black hole. In the case of the topological disc there are additional flavour M2 branes smeared on a five-sphere embedded in the transverse $S^7$. We perform a full global analysis of both classes of solutions, both from a 4d and an 11d viewpoint. Finally we compute the two-dimensional Newton's constant from which we obtain a prediction for the entropy of the black hole.
description: v2. Main text: 26 pages, matches JHEP version
Gray whale foraging in Puget Sound influences spatial and temporal shifts in ghost shrimp population dynamics
Creators: name: Green, Maya
name: Goldbogen, Jeremy
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2026
Subjects: Biology
Marine Ecology
Ecological disturbance
Gray whale
Ghost shrimp
Population dynamics
Foraging

description: Ecological disturbance is an essential aspect of climate change research as ecosystems around the globe encounter diverse and numerous shifts in environmental conditions. The intensification of climate change necessitates a better understanding of the impacts of disturbance on predator-prey interactions because of the importance of these interactions to ecosystem structure. The predator-prey relationship between bay ghost shrimp (Neotrypaea californiensis) and one of their major predators, gray whales (Eschrictius robustus), which forage in the shallow intertidal of the Northern Puget Sound (NPS), exemplifies the role of disturbance in foraging predation. Gray whales create large “feeding pits” as they excavate sediment to feed on ghost shrimp, creating ecological “destruction and opportunity” on the seafloor. Previous studies describe ghost shrimp populations in the NPS, but less is known about whether gray whale foraging impacts the distribution, individual size, and population dynamics of ghost shrimp. Further, an increasing gray whale population over the last 30 years necessitates an investigation into potential dynamic shifts within the ghost shrimp population. This study analyzed ghost shrimp collected from recently created feeding pits and “undisturbed” areas within the same sites to determine whether the increasing gray whale population is driving shifts in ghost shrimp density and distribution. We anticipated to observe differences in the size structures and densities of shrimp collected in foraged and unforaged areas, as well as temporal impacts of foraging (i.e. decreasing density) over the course of the three month gray whale stopover in the NPS. Ghost shrimp (n = 1553) were collected from five gray whale feeding sites in the NPS between the years of 2023 and 2024. Overall shrimp density did not appear to change between 1990 and 2024, despite the increase in foraging gray whales in the NPS. However, average shrimp size differed between sites where whale feeding has been observed for either decades or only several years, with larger shrimp located at “newer” sites (i.e. those foraged for less than a decade). Shrimp density inside pits was significantly lower than density outside pits at all sites, but average shrimp size did not significantly differ between samples collected inside and outside of pits. This study suggests that repeated disturbance may influence prey distribution and size in complex ways across different temporal and spatial scales. The findings also signal that this prey population is resilient in the short term (months to years), but that long-term disturbances (multiple decades) may leave lasting impacts on size distribution and population density.
WFSE Policy Brief: Asian Forests. Working For People and Nature
Creators: name: International Union Of Forest Research Organizations
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Climate Science

description: Asia, although extremely diverse, is the world’s most populated region, and has become a leading economic powerhouse. The future of the world’s natural resources, including forests, will be decided in large part in Asia because the region imports a major portion of the resources it consumes. This brief, Asian Forests: Working for People and Nature, argues that Asian forests today have a huge potential to contribute to people and nature in the re- gion. The brief highlights key concerns and presents recommendations on how to more fully optimize the opportunities of forests today better than in the past. Acknowledging the problems is a part of the solution. Preparation of this brief was a joint effort of IU- FRO’s Special Project on World Forests, Society and Environment (IUFRO–WFSE), the Food and Agricul- ture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and RECOFTC — The Center for People and Forests. This publication is part of the series of policy briefs produced by IUFRO-WFSE on major regions of the world (Europe, Latin America and Sub-Saharan Af- rica 2005–2009). The brief has benefited from sub- stantial inputs derived from the Asia-Pacific Forestry Sector Outlook Study, coordinated by FAO, under the auspices of the Asia-Pacific Forestry Commission. RECOFTC contributed specific inputs related to com- munity forestry and devolved forest management. The expertise of nearly 20 persons working in dif- ferent fields of Asian forestry, acting in their personal capacity, developed the basis for this text through in-depth discussions during a technical meeting con- vened in Bangkok, Thailand, in July 2010. The draft manuscript was then reviewed by several specialists and experts on Asian forestry. Generous support for this activity was provided by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. We sincerely thank all those who have contributed to this publication. Yurdi Yasmi Heidi Vanhanen Thomas Enters Jeremy Broadhead Jukka Tissari
Change in the Learning Habits of Higher Education Students in Oman with Increasing Ubiquity of Technologies such as Wireless Networking and Mobile Devices
Creators: name: Balliammanda Changappa, Kishori
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Learning Habits, Higher Education, Oman, Ubiquity of Technologies, Wireless Networking, Mobile Devices

description: This research study investigates a student-centred constructivist model to
 limit the role of a physical teacher and help students to learn online.
 The study was conducted to ascertain how Omani students and teaching staff
 have adapted and related over a period of two years to
 technologically-driven pedagogical changes to leverage maximisation of the
 benefits of online learning, facilitated by the inclusion of technological
 systems for teachers and students alike. This study is designed to
 facilitate pedagogical change via the input of technology within the
 learning environment as a means to provide a more efficient and flexible
 way to deliver learning to Omani students. Essentially, this study looks
 at whether it is possible to move away from a teacher-centred philosophy
 to a mindset that embraces a joint teacher/student-centred initiative. The
 quantitative and qualitative forms of data were processed via a
 two-pronged qualitative thematic analysis to evaluate and understand
 participants’ responses. Additionally, quantitative statistical analysis
 using a 5-point Likert scale of 63 structured questionnaire responses was
 used to inform the study outcomes. The data analysis used the repeated
 measures analysis of variances (ANOVA) and post-hoc evaluations to
 ascertain the difference between teachers’ and students’ perceptions over
 two periods to ensure that an assumption of sphericity was addressed
 within the distribution of data for the repeated measures ANOVA tests. The
 findings indicate that the views of interviewed stakeholders showed
 progressive adaptation to pedagogical changes by both students and staff
 and offer a contribution to existing studies through valid solutions to
 address both teacher and student areas of concern in Oman. The findings of
 this study can be used to benefit the Omani education system and future
 researchers. Finally, the findings are made available to all members of
 the Omani society for beneficial action and to further improve the outlook
 for both teachers and students in Oman.
Introducing Traceability in GitHub for Medical Software Development
Creators: name: Stirbu, Vlad
name: Mikkonen, Tommi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Assuring traceability from requirements to implementation is a key element when developing safety critical software systems. Traditionally, this traceability is ensured by a waterfall-like process, where phases follow each other, and tracing between different phases can be managed. However, new software development paradigms, such as continuous software engineering and DevOps, which encourage a steady stream of new features, committed by developers in a seemingly uncontrolled fashion in terms of former phasing, challenge this view. In this paper, we introduce our approach that adds traceability capabilities to GitHub, so that the developers can act like they normally do in GitHub context but produce the documentation needed by the regulatory purposes in the process.
A loss discounting framework for model averaging and selection in time series models
Creators: name: Bernaciak, Dawid
name: Griffin, Jim E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a Loss Discounting Framework for model and forecast combination which generalises and combines Bayesian model synthesis and generalized Bayes methodologies. We use a loss function to score the performance of different models and introduce a multilevel discounting scheme which allows a flexible specification of the dynamics of the model weights. This novel and simple model combination approach can be easily applied to large scale model averaging/selection, can handle unusual features such as sudden regime changes, and can be tailored to different forecasting problems. We compare our method to both established methodologies and state of the art methods for a number of macroeconomic forecasting examples. We find that the proposed method offers an attractive, computationally efficient alternative to the benchmark methodologies and often outperforms more complex techniques.
Stellar and Dust Properties of a Complete Sample of Massive Dusty Galaxies at 1 ≤ z ≤ 4 from MAGPHYS Modeling of UltraVISTA DR3 and Herschel Photometry
Creators: name: Martis, Nicholas S.
name: Marchesini, Danilo M.
name: Muzzin, Adam
name: Stefanon, Mauro
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Cunha, Elisabete Da
name: Sajina, Anna
name: Labbe, Ivo
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We investigate the stellar and dust properties of massive (log M ∗/M o ≥ 10.5) and dusty (A V ≥ 1) galaxies at 1 ≤ z ≤ 4 by modeling their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) obtained from the combination of UltraVISTA DR3 photometry and Herschel PACS-SPIRE data using MAGPHYS. Although the rest-frame U-V versus V-J (UVJ) diagram traces the star formation rates (SFRs) and dust obscuration (A V) well out to z ∼ 3, ∼15%-20% of the sample surprisingly resides in the quiescent region of the UVJ diagram, while ∼50% at 3 < z < 4 falls in the unobscured star-forming region. The median SED of massive dusty galaxies exhibits weaker MIR and UV emission, and redder UV slopes with increasing cosmic time. The IR emission for our sample has a significant contribution (>20%) from dust heated by evolved stellar populations rather than star formation, demonstrating the need for panchromatic SED modeling. The local relation between dust mass and SFR is followed only by a subsample with cooler dust temperatures, while warmer objects have reduced dust masses at a given SFR. Most star-forming galaxies in our sample do not follow local IRX-β relations, though IRX does strongly correlate with A V. Our sample follows local relations, albeit with large scatter, between ISM diagnostics and sSFR. We show that FIR-detected sources represent the extreme of a continuous population of dusty galaxies rather than a fundamentally different population. Finally, using commonly adopted relations to derive SFRs from the combination of the rest-frame UV and the observed 24 μm is found to overestimate the SFR by a factor of 3-5 for the galaxies in our sample.
Consistent data fusion with Parker
Creators: name: Bronselaer, Antoon
name: Acosta, Maribel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When combining data from multiple sources, inconsistent data complicates the production of a coherent result. In this paper, we introduce a new type of constraints called edit rules under a partial key (EPKs). These constraints can model inconsistencies both within and between sources, but in a loosely-coupled matter. We show that we can adapt the well-known set cover methodology to the setting of EPKs and this yields an efficient algorithm to find minimal cost repairs of sources. This algorithm is implemented in a repair engine called Parker. Empirical results show that Parker is several orders of magnitude faster than state-of-the-art repair tools. At the same time, the quality of the repairs in terms of $F_1$-score ranges from comparable to better compared to these tools.
Analysis of the relationship between grapevine cultivars, sports and clones via DNA fingerprinting
Creators: name: Ye, G. N.
name: Soylemezoglu, G.
name: Soylemezoglu, G.
name: Weeden, N. F.
name: Weeden, N. F.
name: Lamboy, W. F.
name: Lamboy, W. F.
name: Pool, R. M.
name: Pool, R. M.
name: Reisch, B. I.
name: Reisch, B. I.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2015

description: DNA fingerprinting utilizing RAPD polymorphisms was employed to investigate the relationship among 16 grapevine cultivars and sports thought to have arisen from these cultivars. From 53 primers, a total of 464 bands were generated, of which 29 % were common to all genotypes tested. Cluster analysis classified all tested cultivars into two main groups (Vitis vinifera L. and V. x Labruscana Bailey) as expected. No polymorphism was detected among known clones of Chardonnay (Ch. clone 7, Ch. clone 78 and Ch. Geneva clone) or Pinot noir (P. n. clone 29, P. n. Geneva clone and P. n. Pernand). Pinot Meunier, Pinot gris, and Gamay Beaujolais displayed patterns indistinguishable from Pinot noir. Auxerrois and Melon showed unique patterns and may be classified as distinct cultivars. Chardonnay clone 7 shared 84 % of its bands with Pinot noir. There was more than 97 % RAPD amplicon homology between Niagara and two supposed sports, and between Concord and a red-fruited sport. Taking into account the error rate in scoring RAPD bands, the evidence is against the hypothesis that the three sports are distinct cultivars. While RAPD banding patterns could not distinguish between known clones, they were useful for distinguishing between phenotypically similar cultivars and for assessing the origins of cultivars thought to have originated as sports.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 37 No. 1 (1998): Vitis
WFSE Issue Brief 2014/1: Synergistic Policies and Measures are the Key to Advancing Sustainable Forest Management and Forest-based Development
Creators: name: International Union Of Forest Research Organizations
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Education
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Climate Science
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Economics
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This brief presents the main findings of the new book Forests under pressure –Local responses to global issues published by the International Union of Forest Re- search Organization’s Special Pro- ject World Forests, Society and Environment (IUFRO WFSE). The book is the result of a collaborative work of 144 scientist and experts who acted as authors in different capacities. Katila, P., Galloway, G., de Jong, W., Pacheco, P., Mery, G. (eds.) 2014. Forests under Pressure - Local Responses to Global Issues. IUFRO World Series Volume 32. 561 p.
From Hurwitz numbers to Feynman diagrams: counting rooted trees in log gravity
Creators: name: Mvondo-She, Yannick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the partition function of the logarithmic sector of critical topologically massive gravity which represents a series expansion of composition of functions, can be expressed as a sum over rooted trees. Our work brings a connection between integrable hierarchies of mathematical physics, combinatorial Hopf algebras and rooted trees, by explaining how the $τ$-functions of the (potential) Burgers and KP integrable hierarchies appearing in the partition function of log gravity conceal the Hopf algebra of composition of functions, known as the Faà di Bruno algebra, of the same type as the celebrated Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra of rooted trees and Feynman diagrams. In particular, the Hurwitz numbers appearing in the partition function arise as coefficients of isomorphism classes of rooted trees. A parallel is drawn between our findings and established results in the statistical physics literature concerning certain systems with quenched disorder on trees, associated to nonlinear partial differential equations admitting traveling wave solutions. This should be of particular interest in view of a further description of the disorder observed in log gravity.
description: Major changes to match published version
PDF and Photoshop files of DiapixGE picture materials - adapted German version
Creators: name: Yadav, Manuj
name: Schuetze, Julia
name: Wagener, Kirsten C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This zipped folder contains PDF and PSD files of translated picture pairs of the DiapixUK picture materials, developed by Baker and Hazan (2011). Additionally, the folder contains a metadata file. In the PSD files, each item in the pictures is assigned to a separate layer. This allows to make adaptations, to add, remove or modify the items if needed.
description: Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – Projektnummer 352015383 – SFB 1330 C4.
description: {"references": ["Baker, R., and Hazan, V. (2011). DiapixUK: Task materials for the elicitation of multiple spontaneous speech dialogs. Behavior Research Methods Instrumentation 43, 761\u2013770. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-011-0075-y"]}
WFSE Issue Brief 2014/1: Synergistic Policies and Measures are the Key to advancing Sustainable Forest Management and Forest-based Development
Creators: name: International Union Of Forest Research Organizations
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Education
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Climate Science
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Economics
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This brief presents the main findings of the new book Forests under pressure –Local responses to global issues published by the International Union of Forest Re- search Organization’s Special Pro- ject World Forests, Society and Environment (IUFRO WFSE). The book is the result of a collaborative work of 144 scientist and experts who acted as authors in different capacities. Katila, P., Galloway, G., de Jong, W., Pacheco, P., Mery, G. (eds.) 2014. Forests under Pressure - Local Responses to Global Issues. IUFRO World Series Volume 32. 561 p.
IUFRO News 2014/9: Future Concepts in Uneven-Aged Silviculture for a Changing World
Creators: name: International Union Of Forest Research Organizations
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solid Earth Sciences
subject: Soil Science
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Climate Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This issue highlights recent IUFRO meetings on uneven-aged forestry, five-needle pines, poplars, forest utilization and ergonomics, tree breeding, ecological economics, among other things. In addition to information on new publications and upcoming meetings, this issue includes several reports from IUFRO meetings on a wide variety of topics. The IUFRO Sixth International Poplar Symposium, for example, focused on the theme of "Domestication of Populus and Salix: how far have we come, and how far do we still have to go?" The 2014 IUFRO Forest Tree Breeding Conference discussed breeding theory, population genetics and the role of adaptation in forest tree breeding, and the integration of genomics into traditional forest tree breeding programs. The Global Forum of Ecological Economics in Forestry offered a unique opportunity for scientists to review the current issues and theoretical development in ecological economics in forestry. Also read the two scientific summaries on five-needle pines research and uneven-aged forestry!
Trajectory Optimization and NMPC Tracking for a Fixed Wing UAV in Deep Stall with Perch Landing
Creators: name: Nguyen, Huu Thien
name: Prodan, Ionela
name: Fontes, Fernando A. C. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49N90 (Primary) 93B45 (Secondary)

description: This paper presents a novel recovery technique for a fixed-wing UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) based on constrained optimization: i) we propose a trajectory generation for landing the UAV where it first reduces its altitude by deep stalling, then perches on a recovery net, ii) we design an NMPC (Nonlinear Model Predictive Control) tracking controller with terminal constraints for the optimal generated trajectory under disturbances. Compared to nominal net recovery procedures, this technique greatly reduces the landing time and the final airspeed of the UAV. Simulation results for various wind conditions demonstrate the feasibility of the idea.
description: 8 pages, 13 figures
Conceptions of Engineering Leadership and the Role of Universities in Developing Engineering Leaders
Creators: name: Phillips, Andrew T.M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: Education

description: Civil engineering as a profession has undergone considerable changes in recent years, with fragmentation of specialities and an increasing role in setting the agenda in response to societal challenges. Within civil engineering undergraduate education there is a sense of curriculum crowding, with both learners and teachers experiencing knowledge content overload. In the context of a research intensive university such as Imperial College London undergraduate teaching must also be balanced with other teaching, research and administrative commitments, as well as other professional activities.
Through interviews with engineering leaders this dissertation seeks to assess whether graduates, having completed an MEng degree in civil engineering, are su ciently prepared to take on roles within the engineering profession, fi nding that in some respects desirable attributes are not addressed in current undergraduate teaching and learning practice. Through interpretation of the interviews alongside a concepts review of appropriate curriculum ideologies and learning models, it is concluded that the current concept of a curriculum places too high an emphasis on the knowledge dimension of learning, to the detriment of attributes associated with the skills, attitudes and experience dimensions.
An interpretation of the engineering design process is presented as a potential framework, beyond curriculum knowledge content, within which to situate and assess current and changing teaching and learning practice.
The impact of memory on learning sequence-to-sequence tasks
Creators: name: Seif, Alireza
name: Loos, Sarah A. M.
name: Tucci, Gennaro
name: Roldán, Édgar
name: Goldt, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent success of neural networks in natural language processing has drawn renewed attention to learning sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) tasks. While there exists a rich literature that studies classification and regression tasks using solvable models of neural networks, seq2seq tasks have not yet been studied from this perspective. Here, we propose a simple model for a seq2seq task that has the advantage of providing explicit control over the degree of memory, or non-Markovianity, in the sequences -- the stochastic switching-Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (SSOU) model. We introduce a measure of non-Markovianity to quantify the amount of memory in the sequences. For a minimal auto-regressive (AR) learning model trained on this task, we identify two learning regimes corresponding to distinct phases in the stationary state of the SSOU process. These phases emerge from the interplay between two different time scales that govern the sequence statistics. Moreover, we observe that while increasing the integration window of the AR model always improves performance, albeit with diminishing returns, increasing the non-Markovianity of the input sequences can improve or degrade its performance. Finally, we perform experiments with recurrent and convolutional neural networks that show that our observations carry over to more complicated neural network architectures.
description: Code to reproduce our experiments available at https://github.com/alirezaseif/nonmarkovian_learning
Bayesian multivariate logistic regression for superiority and inferiority decision-making under observable treatment heterogeneity
Creators: name: Kavelaars, Xynthia
name: Mulder, Joris
name: Kaptein, Maurits
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The effects of treatments may differ between persons with different characteristics. Addressing such treatment heterogeneity is crucial to investigate whether patients with specific characteristics are likely to benefit from a new treatment. The current paper presents a novel Bayesian method for superiority decision-making in the context of randomized controlled trials with multivariate binary responses and heterogeneous treatment effects. The framework is based on three elements: a) Bayesian multivariate logistic regression analysis with a Pólya-Gamma expansion; b) a transformation procedure to transfer obtained regression coefficients to a more intuitive multivariate probability scale (i.e., success probabilities and the differences between them); and c) a compatible decision procedure for treatment comparison with prespecified decision error rates. Procedures for a priori sample size estimation under a non-informative prior distribution are included. A numerical evaluation demonstrated that decisions based on a priori sample size estimation resulted in anticipated error rates among the trial population as well as subpopulations. Further, average and conditional treatment effect parameters could be estimated unbiasedly when the sample was large enough. Illustration with the International Stroke Trial dataset revealed a trend towards heterogeneous effects among stroke patients: Something that would have remained undetected when analyses were limited to average treatment effects.
description: A version of this paper is accepted for publication in Multivariate Behavioral Research
Transposed Poisson structures
Creators: name: Beites, Patrícia Damas
name: Ferreira, Bruno Leonardo Macedo
name: Kaygorodov, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To present a survey on known results from the theory of transposed Poisson algebras, as well as to establish new results on this subject, are the main aims of the present paper. Furthermore, a list of open questions for future research is given.
A Quillen model structure of local homotopy equivalences
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Devarshi
name: Cortiñas, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note, we construct a closed model structure on the category of $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$-graded complexes of projective systems of ind-Banach spaces. When the base field is the fraction field $F$ of a complete discrete valuation ring $V$, the homotopy category of this model structure is the derived category of the quasi-abelian category $\overleftarrow{\mathsf{Ind}(\mathsf{Ban}_F)}$. This homotopy category is the appropriate target of the local and analytic cyclic homology theories for complete, torsionfree $V$-algebras and $\mathbb{F}$-algebras. When the base field is $\mathbb{C}$, the homotopy category is the target of local and analytic cyclic homology for pro-bornological $\mathbb{C}$-algebras, which includes the subcategory of pro-$C^*$-algebras.
description: Some improvements, new section added. Final version
The Fröhlich Polaron at Strong Coupling -- Part I: The Quantum Correction to the Classical Energy
Creators: name: Brooks, Morris
name: Seiringer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Fröhlich polaron model in $\mathbb{R}^3$, and establish the subleading term in the strong coupling asymptotics of its ground state energy, corresponding to the quantum corrections to the classical energy determined by the Pekar approximation.
Personalized PCA: Decoupling Shared and Unique Features
Creators: name: Shi, Naichen
name: Kontar, Raed Al
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we tackle a significant challenge in PCA: heterogeneity. When data are collected from different sources with heterogeneous trends while still sharing some congruency, it is critical to extract shared knowledge while retaining the unique features of each source. To this end, we propose personalized PCA (PerPCA), which uses mutually orthogonal global and local principal components to encode both unique and shared features. We show that, under mild conditions, both unique and shared features can be identified and recovered by a constrained optimization problem, even if the covariance matrices are immensely different. Also, we design a fully federated algorithm inspired by distributed Stiefel gradient descent to solve the problem. The algorithm introduces a new group of operations called generalized retractions to handle orthogonality constraints, and only requires global PCs to be shared across sources. We prove the linear convergence of the algorithm under suitable assumptions. Comprehensive numerical experiments highlight PerPCA's superior performance in feature extraction and prediction from heterogeneous datasets. As a systematic approach to decouple shared and unique features from heterogeneous datasets, PerPCA finds applications in several tasks, including video segmentation, topic extraction, and feature clustering.
Quasi-compactness of transfer operators for topological Markov shifts with holes
Creators: name: Tanaka, Haruyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C30, 37B10, 37D35, 47A55

description: We consider transfer operators for topological Markov shift (TMS) with countable states and with holes which are $2$-cylinders. As main results, if the closed system of the shift has finitely irreducible transition matrix and the potential is a weaker Lipschitz continuous and summable, then we obtain a version of Ruelle-Perron-Frobenius Theorem and quasi-compactness of the associated Ruelle transfer operator. The escape rate of the open system is also calculated. In corollary, it turns out that the Ruelle operator of summable potential on topologically transitive TMS has a spectral gap property. As other example, we apply the main results to the transfer operators associated to graph iterated function systems.
description: To appear in Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems
Evaluation of handoff algorithms using a call quality measure with signal based penalties
Creators: name: Halgamuge, Malka N.
name: Ramamohanarao, Kotagiri
name: Vu, Hai
name: Zukerman, Moshe
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This paper proposes a new Call Quality Measure based on mobile signal strength measurements to evaluate performance of handoff algorithms in wireless cellular networks. The proposed measure allows the quantification of the impact of the handoff algorithms of performance. Using the proposed measure we compare existing handoff algorithms to identify the trade-off between signal quality and required number of handoffs. Our results indicate that a handoff method based on a threshold with 2 dB hysteresis provides better performance compared to the conventional wisdom of 3 dB hysteresis. We provide a benchmark value for handoff algorithms based on an off-line heuristic method using the new measure. Our benchmark shows that there is substantial room for improvement of the existing handoff algorithm.
A little hair can make a big difference: thermodynamic stability of quasi-bald asymptotically-flat black holes
Creators: name: Santos, Nuno M.
name: Herdeiro, Carlos. A. R.
name: Radu, Eugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local thermodynamic stability of a black hole (BH) in the canonical ensemble is defined by the positivity of the specific heat at constant global charges. Schwarzschild BHs in thermodynamic equilibrium with an energy reservoir are always unstable against small fluctuations of energy, whereas sufficiently near-extremal Reissner-Nordström/Kerr BHs are stable. One could expect that asymptotically-flat hairy BHs branching off from such stable phases would also be, by continuity, locally thermodynamically stable for vanishingly little hair. We show this is not the case in some models, including scalarized BHs bifurcating from Reissner-Nordström and spinning BHs with synchronized hair bifurcating from Kerr. Specifically, it is found that quasi-bald BHs are locally thermodynamically unstable in the canonical ensemble for all global charges and regardless of being dynamically and entropically preferred over bald ones at fixed global charges.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Comments are welcome
Revisiting Code Search in a Two-Stage Paradigm
Creators: name: Hu, Fan
name: Wang, Yanlin
name: Du, Lun
name: Li, Xirong
name: Zhang, Hongyu
name: Han, Shi
name: Zhang, Dongmei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With a good code search engine, developers can reuse existing code snippets and accelerate software development process. Current code search methods can be divided into two categories: traditional information retrieval (IR) based and deep learning (DL) based approaches. DL-based approaches include the cross-encoder paradigm and the bi-encoder paradigm. However, both approaches have certain limitations. The inference of IR-based and bi-encoder models are fast, however, they are not accurate enough; while cross-encoder models can achieve higher search accuracy but consume more time. In this work, we propose TOSS, a two-stage fusion code search framework that can combine the advantages of different code search methods. TOSS first uses IR-based and bi-encoder models to efficiently recall a small number of top-k code candidates, and then uses fine-grained cross-encoders for finer ranking. Furthermore, we conduct extensive experiments on different code candidate volumes and multiple programming languages to verify the effectiveness of TOSS. We also compare TOSS with six data fusion methods. Experimental results show that TOSS is not only efficient, but also achieves state-of-the-art accuracy with an overall mean reciprocal ranking (MRR) score of 0.763, compared to the best baseline result on the CodeSearchNet benchmark of 0.713. Our source code and experimental data are available at: https://github.com/fly-dragon211/TOSS.
description: Accepted by WSDM 2023