cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Counting quadrant walks via Tutte's invariant method
Creators: name: Bernardi, Olivier
name: Bousquet-Mélou, Mireille
name: Raschel, Kilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the 1970s, William Tutte developed a clever algebraic approach, based on certain "invariants", to solve a functional equation that arises in the enumeration of properly colored triangulations. The enumeration of plane lattice walks confined to the first quadrant is governed by similar equations, and has led in the past 20 years to a rich collection of attractive results dealing with the nature (algebraic, D-finite or not) of the associated generating function, depending on the set of allowed steps, taken in $\{-1, 0,1\}^2$.
 We first adapt Tutte's approach to prove (or reprove) the algebraicity of all quadrant models known or conjectured to be algebraic. This includes Gessel's famous model, and the first proof ever found for one model with weighted steps. To be applicable, the method requires the existence of two rational functions called invariant and decoupling function respectively. When they exist, algebraicity follows almost automatically.
 Then, we move to a complex analytic viewpoint that has already proved very powerful, leading in particular to integral expressions for the generating function in the non-D-finite cases, as well as to proofs of non-D-finiteness. We develop in this context a weaker notion of invariant. Now all quadrant models have invariants, and for those that have in addition a decoupling function, we obtain integral-free expressions for the generating function, and a proof that this series is D-algebraic (that is, satisfies polynomial differential equations).
description: 59 pages, 10 figures, 11 tables
title: A history of the understanding of the miraculous in the Judaeo-Christian tradition with particular reference to the understanding of the miraculous in the principal fathers of the East and West and to the words used to refer to the miraculous
Creators: name: Dale, The Rev. D.W.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1987

description: In chapter 1 of this study the understanding of the miraculous in the Old Testament is examined as a) God’s guidance of history and the ordinary events of life and b) as God's activity in times of intensified revelation; events which might be distinguished as ’miracles'. The understanding of the miraculous in the Wisdom literature and the function of the prophet as a wonder worker are also examined. In chapter 2 the development of the doctrine of creation ’ex nihilo' is examined. The understanding of the miraculous in the Synoptic tradition, with a detailed study of the words used to refer to the miraculous in this tradition, is examined in chapter 3. The understanding of the miraculous in St John's gospel is examined in chapter 4 and the remainder of the New Testament is examined in chapter 5. The understanding of the miracle of the Virgin Birth in the New Testament and the Fathers is examined in chapter 6 together with the understanding of the miracle of the Resurrection of Jesus in the Synoptic tradition and in St John. The Pauline understanding of the Resurrection of Jesus and of the risen body is examined in chapter 7. In chapter 8 the understanding of the Resurrection of Jesus, the resurrection of all men and the nature of the risen body in the apocryphal literature of the early Church and in the Fathers of the East and West is examined. The understanding of the miraculous from the Apostolic Fathers to Augustine of Hippo is examined in chapter 9. The miracles referred to in Gregory of Nyssa's life of Gregory Thaumaturgus, the History of the Egyptian Monks by Rufinus and the Life of Apollonius of Tyana by Philostratus are examined in chapter 10. Appendix A examines the words used by the Greek Fathers to refer to the miraculous and the words so used in the Latin Fathers are examined in Appendix B. Hebrew words so used are examined in Appendix C.
How many spin liquids are there in Ca$_{10}$Cr$_7$O$_{28}$?
Creators: name: Pohle, Rico
name: Yan, Han
name: Shannon, Nic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for novel phases of matter is a central theme of modern physics, with some of the most intriguing examples provided by the spin liquids found in magnets with competing, or "frustrated" interactions. Ca$_{10}$Cr$_7$O$_{28}$, a novel spin-$1/2$ magnet with a bilayer breathing-kagome lattice, has properties which differ from from any known spin liquid. However, understanding Ca$_{10}$Cr$_7$O$_{28}$ presents a significant challenge, because of its complex frustration. Here we use large-scale molecular-dynamics simulation to explore the origin of spin-liquid behaviour in Ca$_{10}$Cr$_7$O$_{28}$. We uncover qualitatively different behaviour on different timescales, and argue that ground state of Ca$_{10}$Cr$_7$O$_{28}$ is born out of a slowly-fluctuating "spiral spin liquid", while faster fluctuations echo the U(1) spin liquid found in the kagome antiferromagnet. These results provide a concrete scenario for spin-liquid behaviour in Ca$_{10}$Cr$_7$O$_{28}$, and highlight the possibility of spin liquids existing on multiple timescales.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures for main text; 6 pages, 3 figures for supplementary material; two animation videos as supplementary files, see http://youtu.be/GGug4w4MiKQ and http://youtu.be/jSRF7MZTiNM
Accurate spline solutions of the Dirac equation with parity-nonconserving potential
Creators: name: Labzowsky, L.
name: Prozorov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complete system of the B-spline solutions for the Dirac equation with the parity-nonconserving (PNC) weak interaction effective potential is obtained. This system can be used for the accurate evaluation of the radiative corrections to the PNC amplitudes in the multicharged ions and neutral atoms. The use of the scaling procedure allows for the evaluation of the PNC matrix elements with relative accuracy $10^{-7}$.
description: 7 pages
Half-space stationary Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation
Creators: name: Barraquand, Guillaume
name: Krajenbrink, Alexandre
name: Doussal, Pierre Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the solution of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation for the stochastic growth of an interface of height $h(x,t)$ on the positive half line, equivalently the free energy of the continuum directed polymer in a half space with a wall at $x=0$. The boundary condition $\partial_x h(x,t)|_{x=0}=A$ corresponds to an attractive wall for $A<0$, and leads to the binding of the polymer to the wall below the critical value $A=-1/2$. Here we choose the initial condition $h(x,0)$ to be a Brownian motion in $x>0$ with drift $-(B+1/2)$. When $A+B \to -1$, the solution is stationary, i.e. $h(\cdot,t)$ remains at all times a Brownian motion with the same drift, up to a global height shift $h(0,t)$. We show that the distribution of this height shift is invariant under the exchange of parameters $A$ and $B$. For any $A,B > - 1/2$, we provide an exact formula characterizing the distribution of $h(0,t)$ at any time $t$, using two methods: the replica Bethe ansatz and a discretization called the log-gamma polymer, for which moment formulae were obtained. We analyze its large time asymptotics for various ranges of parameters $A,B$. In particular, when $(A, B) \to (-1/2, -1/2)$, the critical stationary case, the fluctuations of the interface are governed by a universal distribution akin to the Baik-Rains distribution arising in stationary growth on the full-line. It can be expressed in terms of a simple Fredholm determinant, or equivalently in terms of the Painlevé II transcendent. This provides an analog for the KPZ equation, of some of the results recently obtained by Betea-Ferrari-Occelli in the context of stationary half-space last-passage-percolation. From universality, we expect that limiting distributions found in both models can be shown to coincide.
description: 53 pages
Additional file 1 of Whole-genome sequencing of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici mutant isolates identifies avirulence gene candidates
Creators: name: Yuxiang Li
name: Chongjing Xia
name: Meinan Wang
name: Chuntao Yin
name: Chen, Xianming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Infection types of the progenitor isolate 11–281 and derived 30 mutants of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici on 18 wheat Yr single-gene differentials. Table S2. Reads, rates and qualities of 30 Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici mutants mapped to the reference genome. Table S3. The distribution and density of SNPs and Indels on each scaffold. Table S4. Statistics of Indels of each mutant isolate in terms of insertions, deletions, and different lengths. Table S5. Number of SNPs, Indels, insertions and deletions of each mutant isolate identified from the isolate 11–281 haplotigs. Table S6. Genes highly associated to avirulence with P-value
Efficient photon counting and single-photon generation using resonant nonlinear optics
Creators: name: Johnsson, Mattias
name: Fleischhauer, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of an atomic double lambda system in the presence of a strong off-resonant classical field and a few-photon resonant quantum field is examined. It is shown that the system possesses properties that allow a single-photon state to be distilled from a multi-photon input wave packet. In addition, the system is also capable of functioning as an efficient photodetector discriminating between one- and two-photon wave packets with arbitrarily high efficiency.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Classical and Quantum Ensembles via Multiresolution. II. Wigner Ensembles
Creators: name: Fedorova, Antonina N.
name: Zeitlin, Michael G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the application of the variational-wavelet analysis to the analysis of quantum ensembles in Wigner framework. (Naive) deformation quantization, the multiresolution representations and the variational approach are the key points. We construct the solutions of Wigner-like equations via the multiscale expansions in the generalized coherent states or high-localized nonlinear eigenmodes in the base of the compactly supported wavelets and the wavelet packets. We demonstrate the appearance of (stable) localized patterns (waveletons) and consider entanglement and decoherence as possible applications.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, espcrc2.sty, Presented at IX International Workshop on Advanced Computing and Analysis Techniques in Physics Research, Section III "Simulations and Computations in Theoretical Physics and Phenomenology", ACAT 2003, December, 2003, KEK, Tsukuba
Bel--Robinson energy and constant mean curvature foliations
Creators: name: Andersson, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An energy estimate is proved for the Bel--Robinson energy along a constant mean curvature foliation in a spatially compact vacuum spacetime, assuming an $L^{\infty}$ bound on the second fundamental form, and a bound on a spacetime version of Bel--Robinson energy.
description: 9 pages
The Economics of Casino Taxation
Creators: name: Benar, Hasret
name: Jenkins, Glenn P.
name: Benar, Hasret
name: Jenkins, Glenn P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: Casino
subject: taxation
subject: gambling
subject: tourism
subject: economic benefit

description: In this paper, a model of the costs of a casino is developed that focuses on the implications for economic welfare of different taxation schemes for casinos. The situation being considered is in a country where casinos cater exclusively to foreign tourists. The goal of the country is to determine the maximum amount of taxes that can be extracted from the activities of this sector under different systems of taxation. When the price of gambling is set by regulation above its competitive level, the economic losses created by excessive investment in the sector can be reduced by taxation. A turnover tax on the amount gambled can maximize both tax revenue and the economic welfare of the country. Due administrative constraints, a number of countries rely on the taxation of the casinos’ fixed assets or a combination of a turnover tax and a tax on fixed costs. The model is applied to the situation in North Cyprus. The annual economic efficiency loss from its poorly designed tax policies on casino gambling is estimated to be about 0.5 percent of GDP.
Chiral doublet model for the positive and negative parity nucleons
Creators: name: Jido, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the properties of the nucleon (N) and its excited state with odd parity (N*) under the aspect of chiral symmetry, identifying them with suitable representations of the chiral group. It is shown that there are two distinctive schemes to assign the chiral multiplet to N and N*. We construct linear sigma models for N and N* with the two assignments to show their physical implications. We also discuss the in-medium properties of N(1535), comparing the present model with the other chiral model based on the different picture of N*.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, ptptex. Invited talk at International Symposium on Hadron Spectroscopy, Chiral Symmetry and Relativistic Description of Bound Systems, Tokyo, Japan, 24-26 Feb 2003
A sociological study of generational change in fathering
Creators: name: Ware, Angela Jenkins
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4405
subject: Gender studies
classificationCode: 4410
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This research examines generational changes in gender-role attitudes and fathering behavior in order to address three questions: In what ways are fathers of young sons the same, or different from, their fathers with respect to the attitudes and behavior of fathering sons? What is the significance of race and/or household income with regard to generational change? Why has such change occurred? Survey and interview data are used to analyze and describe changes in fathering over two generations. Quota and purposive sampling were used to have equal representation of race and income among the fathers in this study. Respondents were residential fathers of sons aged five to twelve who reside in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area. Findings indicate first, most fathers report some or significant generational change in gender-role attitudes and in all areas of fathering behavior. The most significant change has occurred in nurturing behavior; more than half of the men in this study report significant generational change in nurturing. Second, household income is more strongly related to the attitudes and behavior of past generation fathers than present generation fathers and is not associated with generational change in attitudes or behavior. Race is not found to have statistical significance at any point of these analyses. Third, gender-role attitudes are strongly related to all behavioral dependent variables, and the employment status of mothers is significant in relation to all generational change dependent variables. Interview data reveal fathers' explanations of generational change in attitudes and fathering behavior are described as the result of increased numbers of women in the workforce and general changing socio-cultural definitions of gender which are deconstructing the myth of public and private spheres. This study shows the significance of present generation mothers' full-time employment status in creating opportunity for progressive change. It is imperative for fathers to continue to incorporate more of the private sphere responsibilities and work into their roles and identities as men, as mothers have increasingly incorporated more of the public sphere into their roles and identities as women. This type of change requires both individual agency and social reconstruction of the father role.
Positive attitudinal shifts and a narrowing gender gap: Do expertlike attitudes correlate to higher learning gains for women in the physics classroom?
Creators: name: Robinson, Alma
name: Simonetti, John H.
name: Richardson, Kasey
name: Wawro, Megan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large body of research shows that using interactive engagement pedagogy in the introductory physics classroom consistently results in significant student learning gains; however, with a few exceptions, those learning gains tend not to be accompanied by more expertlike attitudes and beliefs about physics and learning physics. In fact, in both traditionally taught and active learning classroom environments, students often become more novicelike in their attitudes and beliefs following a semester of instruction. Further, prior to instruction, men typically score higher than women on conceptual inventories, such as the Force Concept Inventory (FCI), and more expertlike on attitudinal surveys, such as the Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey (CLASS), and those gender gaps generally persist following instruction. In this paper, we analyze three years of pre-post matched data for physics majors at Virginia Tech on the FCI and the CLASS. The courses were taught using a blended pedagogical model of peer instruction, group problem solving, and direct instruction, along with an explicit focus on the importance of conceptual understanding and a growth mindset. We found that the FCI gender gap decreased, and both men and women showed positive, expertlike shifts on the CLASS. Perhaps most surprisingly, we found a meaningful correlation between a student's post- CLASS score and normalized FCI gain for women, but not for men.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 8 tables, will submit to Phys. Rev. PER
Additional file 2 of Prostate biopsy techniques and pre-biopsy prophylactic measures: variation in current practice patterns in the Netherlands
Creators: name: Tops, Sofie C. M.
name: Koldewijn, Evert L.
name: Somford, Diederik M.
name: Huis, Anita M. P.
name: Kolwijck, Eva
name: Heiman F. L. Wertheim
name: Hulscher, Marlies E. J. L.
name: J. P. Michiel Sedelaar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2 Supplementary file II Antimicrobial prophylaxis regimens on hospital level and as specified by the (individual) respondents. The antimicrobial prophylaxis regimens as specified by the respondents on hospital and individual level are described.
A sociological study of generational change in fathering
Creators: name: Ware, Angela Jenkins
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This research examines generational changes in gender-role attitudes and fathering behavior in order to address three questions: In what ways are fathers of young sons the same, or different from, their fathers with respect to the attitudes and behavior of fathering sons? What is the significance of race and/or household income with regard to generational change? Why has such change occurred? Survey and interview data are used to analyze and describe changes in fathering over two generations. Quota and purposive sampling were used to have equal representation of race and income among the fathers in this study. Respondents were residential fathers of sons aged five to twelve who reside in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area. Findings indicate first, most fathers report some or significant generational change in gender-role attitudes and in all areas of fathering behavior. The most significant change has occurred in nurturing behavior; more than half of the men in this study report significant generational change in nurturing. Second, household income is more strongly related to the attitudes and behavior of past generation fathers than present generation fathers and is not associated with generational change in attitudes or behavior. Race is not found to have statistical significance at any point of these analyses. Third, gender-role attitudes are strongly related to all behavioral dependent variables, and the employment status of mothers is significant in relation to all generational change dependent variables. Interview data reveal fathers' explanations of generational change in attitudes and fathering behavior are described as the result of increased numbers of women in the workforce and general changing socio-cultural definitions of gender which are deconstructing the myth of public and private spheres. This study shows the significance of present generation mothers' full-time employment status in creating opportunity for progressive change. It is imperative for fathers to continue to incorporate more of the private sphere responsibilities and work into their roles and identities as men, as mothers have increasingly incorporated more of the public sphere into their roles and identities as women. This type of change requires both individual agency and social reconstruction of the father role.
Analysis of dynamical tunnelling experiments with a Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Hensinger, Winfried K.
name: Mouchet, Amaury
name: Julienne, Paul S.
name: Delande, Dominique
name: Heckenberg, Norman R.
name: Rubinsztein-Dunlop, Halina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical tunnelling is a quantum phenomenon where a classically forbidden process occurs, that is prohibited not by energy but by another constant of motion. The phenomenon of dynamical tunnelling has been recently observed in a sodium Bose-Einstein condensate. We present a detailed analysis of these experiments using numerical solutions of the three dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation and the corresponding Floquet theory. We explore the parameter dependency of the tunnelling oscillations and we move the quantum system towards the classical limit in the experimentally accessible regime.
description: accepted for publication in Physical Review A
Simulatings POVMs on EPR pairs with six bits of expected communication
Creators: name: Methot, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a classical protocol for simulating correlations obtained by bipartite POVMs on an EPR pair. The protocol uses shared random variables (also known as local hidden variables) augmented by six bits of expected communication.
description: 3 pages, short note
The development, implementation and evaluation of an academic research scaffold to support trainee teachers in classroom based research.
Creators: name: Irving-Bell, Dawne
name: Wooff, David
name: Hughes, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 130106 Secondary Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130105 Primary Education (excl. Maori)
subject: 130103 Higher Education

description: This paper presents findings of the second phase of an impact study originating from the authorsʼ need to improve the ability of Professional Graduate Certificate of Education (PGCE) design and technology teacher trainees to research at postgraduate level. The work emanates from observations that many talented trainee teachers who are excellent classroom practitioners frequently struggle to disseminate research work based on traditional academic formats. The methodological approach adopted throughout the study is grounded theory. This has been selected as it enables the simultaneous gathering of data which, following analysis, allows the findings to inform subsequent phases of research. In the second phase of this work, twelve trainee teachers engaged with the study and the work conducted here set out to explore their perceptions, perspectives and experiences in relation to their adoption and implementation of the ʻscaffoldʼ as a tool to improve their ability to work successfully at post graduate levels of study. Data gathered was designed to elicit further information in relation to their perceptions of the suitability of the scaffold and in the evaluation of its use. The focus for the semi-structured interviews focused on two primary lines of questioning:
· Did the trainees find the alternative methodological approach ʻhelpfulʼ and if so how?
 · Could they (trainees) identify any areas for improvement?
 Preliminary findings indicate that through engagement with the research scaffold attainment of trainees is raised. Findings strongly suggest that the scaffold is a useful tool in supporting trainees to structure their Level 7 (L7) work and of the trainee teachers utilising the scaffold in this phase of the study each achieved L7 in the production of their research work. Drawing on this, the paper also discusses issues about the validity and value of the practitioner based educational research which could well be of significance to the wider educational community.
NMR shift and relaxation and the electronic spin of superconducting cuprates
Creators: name: Avramovska, Marija
name: Pavićević, Danica
name: Haase, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very recently, there has been significant progress with establishing a common phenomenology of the superconducting cuprates in terms of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shift and relaxation. Different from the old interpretation, it was shown that the shifts demand two coupled spin components with different temperature dependencies. One spin component couples isotropically to the planar Cu nucleus and is likely to reside at planar O, while the other, anisotropic component has its origin in the planar copper $3d(x^2-y^2)$ orbital. Nuclear relaxation, on the other hand, was found to be rather ubiquitous and Fermi liquid-like for planar Cu, i.e., it is independent of doping and material, apart from the sudden drop at the superconducting transition temperature, $T_{\rm c}$. However, there is a doping and material dependent anisotropy that is independent on temperature, above and below $T_{\rm c}$. Here we present a slightly different analysis of the shifts that fits all planar Cu shift data. In addition we are able to derive a simple model that explains nuclear relaxation based on these two spin components. In particular, the only outlier so far, \lsco, can be understood, as well. While this concerns predominantly planar Cu, it is argued that the two component model should fit all cuprate shift and relaxation data.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Searching for allies: The United States and Latin American labor, 1945-1951
Creators: name: Welch, Christopher
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology
classificationCode: 4303
subject: Historical studies

description: The State Department relies on allies to implement U.S. foreign policies. Latin American labor appeared to be a potential ally in 1945, but no consensus existed in the department. U.S. organized labor presented several problems as ally, hindering initiatives in this direction. The United States turned against the Latin American labor-left in 1945 and 1946 for a number of reasons. Global tensions, longstanding U.S. mistrust for the left, a focus on stability and access, and U.S. opposition to economic nationalism propelled conflict with Latin American labor. When U.S. officials joined economic nationalism to Soviet machinations in the region, opposition to the labor-left congealed. However, no successful policies emerged from this consensus: attempts to influence Latin American labor through the International Labor Organization, programs to bring labor leaders to the United States, and the embassies' labor attaches failed. The AFL took the initiative and formed a new confederation in Latin America. Unsupported by the department and hampered by CIO opposition and weak allies, the Confederacion Inter-Americana de Trabajadores failed. The department pushed the AFL and CIO to work together, but a second attempt, the Organizacion Regional Interamericana de Trabajadores, also failed to exert leadership in Latin America. The United States never effectively engaged Latin American unions. The AFL and CIO remained distant friends, offering limited funds and apolitical unionism inappropriate for the region. The government turned away from labor and based its hopes on traditional foreign investors and native politicians, landowners, and the military. This dissertation is based on extensive multi-archival research, especially the Decimal Files of the Department of State, Lot Files, Post Files, and collections of the Department of Labor at the National Archives in Washington, D.C. The Harry S. Truman Library and the Oral History Interviews at the Georgetown Foreign Affairs Oral History Program fleshed out the picture of policymaking given in the documents. Research at the George Meany Memorial Archives clarified the role of the AFL and CIO in Latin American policy.
Searching for allies: The United States and Latin American labor, 1945-1951
Creators: name: Welch, Christopher
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The State Department relies on allies to implement U.S. foreign policies. Latin American labor appeared to be a potential ally in 1945, but no consensus existed in the department. U.S. organized labor presented several problems as ally, hindering initiatives in this direction. The United States turned against the Latin American labor-left in 1945 and 1946 for a number of reasons. Global tensions, longstanding U.S. mistrust for the left, a focus on stability and access, and U.S. opposition to economic nationalism propelled conflict with Latin American labor. When U.S. officials joined economic nationalism to Soviet machinations in the region, opposition to the labor-left congealed. However, no successful policies emerged from this consensus: attempts to influence Latin American labor through the International Labor Organization, programs to bring labor leaders to the United States, and the embassies' labor attaches failed. The AFL took the initiative and formed a new confederation in Latin America. Unsupported by the department and hampered by CIO opposition and weak allies, the Confederacion Inter-Americana de Trabajadores failed. The department pushed the AFL and CIO to work together, but a second attempt, the Organizacion Regional Interamericana de Trabajadores, also failed to exert leadership in Latin America. The United States never effectively engaged Latin American unions. The AFL and CIO remained distant friends, offering limited funds and apolitical unionism inappropriate for the region. The government turned away from labor and based its hopes on traditional foreign investors and native politicians, landowners, and the military. This dissertation is based on extensive multi-archival research, especially the Decimal Files of the Department of State, Lot Files, Post Files, and collections of the Department of Labor at the National Archives in Washington, D.C. The Harry S. Truman Library and the Oral History Interviews at the Georgetown Foreign Affairs Oral History Program fleshed out the picture of policymaking given in the documents. Research at the George Meany Memorial Archives clarified the role of the AFL and CIO in Latin American policy.
Informal but not Insignificant: Unregistered Workers in North Cyprus
Creators: name: Besim, Mustafa
name: Jenkins, Glenn P.
name: Besim, Mustafa
name: Jenkins, Glenn P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Cyprus
subject: informal sector
subject: informal labour force
subject: fiscal losses
subject: unrecorded income
subject: underground economy

description: The size of the informal labour force and its contribution to the national income of North Cyprus has been an issue of considerable controversy and political significance. Because of the relatively free movement of labour between Turkey and North Cyprus, a significant body of unregistered workers have accumulated in North Cyprus. The findings are that from 1996 to 2000 the informal employment is between 35 to 40 per cent of the total labour force. Because not all the informal sectors production is excluded from the official national income statistics, the understatement of the official statistics is estimated to be between 12 to 17 percent of GNP. The fiscal losses are estimated to be about 9 percent of total tax revenues and a loss of social security revenues is approximately 38 per cent of the total annual contributions.
Reducing the practice gap between the design and technology curriculum and the needs of the textile design/manufacturing industry.
Creators: name: Hughes, Christopher
name: Irving-Bell, Dawne
name: Wooff, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130106 Secondary Education
subject: 130105 Primary Education (excl. Maori)

description: This paper discusses the potential practice gap between design and technology needs for a progressive creative society and the perceptions of teachers who work within it. The study, based on work carried out in North West England, compares the viewpoints of two sources; textile technology industrialists who are expert in the fields of high-performance textiles, medical textiles, geo-textiles and apparel manufacturing, design and technology teachers who have responsibility for the delivery and content of textile technology within schools and sixth form colleges.
Previous work in this ongoing study has examined the changing nature of textile technology in modern industrial societies and the perceptions practising teachers have about STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) applications within the textile technology field, and how these relate to their own ʻtheories-in-useʼ about design and technology teaching and learning. Constructivist grounded theory has been chosen for the research as a whole because its concurrent data gathering and analysis approach allows outcomes from each phase of the study to define the purpose and direction of subsequent research. Thus, this research has been informed by findings from previous work on the role of textile technology and its relationship to modern industrial and design practices (see Hughes et al. 2010; Hughes et al. 2011).
Partial classification of modules for Lie-algebra of diffeomorphisms of d-dimensional torus
Creators: name: Rao, S. Eswara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B10; 17B40

description: We consider the Lie-algebra of the group of diffeomorphisms of d-dimensional torus which is also known to be the algebra of derivations on a Laurent polynomial ring A in d commuting variables denoted by DerA. Larsson has constructed a large class of DerA modules based on gl_d modules which are also A modules. In this paper we prove that any irreducible (A, DerA) module with finite dimensional weight spaces has to come from Larsson's construction.
description: The introduction has been rewritten and the connection to physics has been explained. Sevaral references related to physics has been added. Proof of Proposition (3.4) has been rewritten as there is a technical problem in the earlier version. Accepted in Journal of Mathematical Physics
An Investigation Into the Potential Mug Types for the UBC Mugshare Program
Creators: name: Garcia-Alonso, Francisco Ibarra
name: Aldrobi, Omar
name: Birtch, Ryan
name: Alizadeh, Hamid
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The Mugshare program is a UBC initiative where mugs are signed out by people for use in participating cafes across campus. Currently, the program is small, but is looking for possible mugs to use in the future, especially for the possibility of an expansion of the program. This report addresses the problem of which mug would be best for the Mugshare on campus. Though, there are many parts to the program, the focus of this report is constrained to mug types only. Also, standard retail prices for the mugs are assumed, as the program is not large enough to warrant some large wholesale shipment of mugs. The Triple Bottom Line approach was used to examine the financial, social and environmental factors of ceramic and stainless steel mugs in order to make a recommendation. The results from this analysis were that, though both mugs are similarly priced, similar in social appeal, and with comparable environmental advantages, ceramic mugs were slightly better. Then, the recommendation that can be derived from these results is that ceramic mugs are the best choice for the UBC Mugshare program. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
What limits the simulation of quantum computers?
Creators: name: Zhou, Yiqing
name: Stoudenmire, E. Miles
name: Waintal, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is imperative that useful quantum computers be very difficult to simulate classically; otherwise classical computers could be used for the applications envisioned for the quantum ones. Perfect quantum computers are unarguably exponentially difficult to simulate: the classical resources required grow exponentially with the number of qubits $N$ or the depth $D$ of the circuit. Real quantum computing devices, however, are characterized by an exponentially decaying fidelity $\mathcal{F} \sim (1-ε)^{ND}$ with an error rate $ε$ per operation as small as $\approx 1\%$ for current devices. In this work, we demonstrate that real quantum computers can be simulated at a tiny fraction of the cost that would be needed for a perfect quantum computer. Our algorithms compress the representations of quantum wavefunctions using matrix product states (MPS), which capture states with low to moderate entanglement very accurately. This compression introduces a finite error rate $ε$ so that the algorithms closely mimic the behavior of real quantum computing devices. The computing time of our algorithm increases only linearly with $N$ and $D$. We illustrate our algorithms with simulations of random circuits for qubits connected in both one and two dimensional lattices. We find that $ε$ can be decreased at a polynomial cost in computing power down to a minimum error $ε_\infty$. Getting below $ε_\infty$ requires computing resources that increase exponentially with $ε_\infty/ε$. For a two dimensional array of $N=54$ qubits and a circuit with Control-Z gates, error rates better than state-of-the-art devices can be obtained on a laptop in a few hours. For more complex gates such as a swap gate followed by a controlled rotation, the error rate increases by a factor three for similar computing time.
description: New data added, 14 figures
IS THE VALUE ADDED TAX NATURALLY PROGRESSIVE?
Creators: name: Jenkins, Glenn P.
name: Jenkins, Hatice
name: Kuo, Chun-Yan
name: Jenkins, Glenn P.
name: Jenkins, Hatice
name: Kuo, Chun-Yan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Value Added Tax
subject: incidence
subject: compliance

description: A broad based consumption tax, such as a value added tax, is generally considered to be a regressive tax. This conclusion, however, has not taken into account the fact that in developing countries the commodities on which poor households spend most of their income, even if they are included in the legal tax base, are administratively impractical to tax. This paper employs a rich data set on household incomes and expenditures for the Dominican Republic. The data set covers 2042 goods and services purchased by households of different income and consumption levels. It also contains information on the type of establishment from which the items were purchased. With this information we estimate the effective rate of tax that has been paid on each item purchased by households. These estimations include the effect of the different rates of the tax compliance across households with different expenditure levels. The results of the study show that the burden of the current VAT in the Dominican Republic is progressive over all the quintiles of household expenditure. Furthermore, if the base of the VAT is made comprehensive, the estimated incidence of the burden of the VAT is still progressive over all the quintiles household expenditure.
A Dark Matter Interpretation of Excesses in Multiple Direct Detection Experiments
Creators: name: Kurinsky, Noah
name: Baxter, Daniel
name: Kahn, Yonatan
name: Krnjaic, Gordan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel unifying interpretation of excess event rates observed in several dark matter direct-detection experiments that utilize single-electron threshold semiconductor detectors. Despite their different locations, exposures, readout techniques, detector composition, and operating depths, these experiments all observe statistically significant excess event rates of $\sim$ 10 Hz/kg. However, none of these persistent excesses has yet been reported as a dark matter signal because individually, each can be attributed to different well-motivated but unmodeled backgrounds, and taken together, they cannot be explained by dark matter particles scattering elastically off detector nuclei or electrons. We show that these results can be reconciled if the semiconductor detectors are seeing a collective inelastic process, consistent with exciting a plasmon. We further show that plasmon excitation could arise in two compelling dark matter scenarios, both of which can explain rates of existing signal excesses in germanium and, at least at the order of magnitude level, across several single-electron threshold detectors. At least one of these scenarios also yields the correct relic density from thermal freeze-out. Both dark matter scenarios motivate a radical rethinking of the standard interpretations of dark matter-electron scattering from recent experiments.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to PRD
Evaluating the Relative Impact of Fiscal Incentives and Trade Policies on the Returns to Manufacturing in Taiwan 1955-1995
Creators: name: Jenkins, Glenn P.
name: Kuo, Chun-Yan
name: Jenkins, Glenn P.
name: Kuo, Chun-Yan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Financial Economics
subject: tax incentives
subject: export promotion
subject: industrialization
subject: real exchange rate
subject: trade policy
subject: Taiwan

description: In this paper, an integrated cash flow model is developed to examine the relative impact of tax incentives, financial subsidies, and macroeconomic variables on the profitability of industrial investments. It allows for various variables to interact with each other. An application of the model is carried out for Taiwan, which implemented a variety of fiscal incentives over the past forty years. The principal policy conclusion is that trade and macroeconomic policies are much more important than income tax incentives or subsidized finance policies in determining the success of industrialization process. The effects of any of the fiscal incentives are found generally much smaller than those of the trade policies or the fundamental trends in macroeconomic variables such as the movement of the real exchange rate and the real wage rate.
1911-09-27 G.V. Black to McKay
Creators: name: Black, G. V. (Greene Vardiman), 1836-1915.
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 1911
Subjects: Dental Fluorosis
Tooth Abnormalities
Fluoridation
Colorado

description: Title: G.V. Black to McKay Container: c02 id: level:
Gaussian Semiparametric Estimation of Multivariate Fractionally Integrated Processes
Creators: name: Shimotsu, Katsumi
name: Shimotsu, Katsumi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Fractional integration
subject: long memory
subject: semiparametric estimation

description: This paper analyzes the semiparametric estimation of multivariate long-range dependent processes. The class of spectral densities considered is motivated by and includes those of multivariate fractionally integrated processes. The paper establishes the consistency of the multivariate Gaussian semiparametric estimator (GSE), which has not been shown in other work, and the asymptotic normality of the GSE estimator. The proposed GSE estimator is shown to have a smaller limiting variance than the two-step GSE estimator studied by Lobato (1999). Gaussianity is not assumed in the asymptotic theory. Some simulations confirm the relevance of the asymptotic results in samples of the size used in practical work.