cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the evolution of a detaching retina
Creators: name: Lakawicz, Joseph M.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: Retinal detachment is an affliction of the eye in which the nine layers of the neurosensory retina detach from the outer layers of the eye along its interface with the retinal pigment epithelium. This dissertation represents a study of the application of mechanics based mathematical modeling to age-related and myopia-induced retinal detachments. A review of the theory of shells of arbitrary shape which provides clarification on the change in curvature of the shell is also presented. A corresponding multi-directional growth law for the propagation of detachments of arbitrary shape is established.A mechanics based mathematical model for retinal detachment in the emmetropic eye that takes contraction of the vitreous and extension of its fibrils, along with a pressure difference across the retina, as the impetus for detachment propagation is presented. A second mechanics based mathematical model for retinal detachment due to the geometric changes of the eye associated with the evolution of myopia is also developed. The model for myopic retinal detachment includes deformation of the retina due to biological growth of the retina, as well as elastic deformation imposed on the retina by the myopic change in shape of the much stiffer choroid and sclera. The models are formulated as propagating boundary value problems in the calculus of variations. This approach yields the self-consistent governing equilibrium equations, boundary conditions, and transversality conditions that establish the location of the propagating boundaries that correspond to equilibrium configurations of each the detaching ocular systems. Axisymmetric conditions are considered and exact analytical solutions to the corresponding boundary value problems are obtained for detaching retinas with and without a tear. The effects of changes in material and geometric parameters, as well as the influence of the presence and size of the retinal tear, on detachment propagation are also studied.The emmetropic model predicts that retinal detachment propagates catastrophically, which is in agreement with clinical observations. From application of the emmetropic model presented herein, a value of the bond energy of the retina to retinal pigment epithelium interface is estimated using material properties found in the literature. Simulations based on the analytical solutions for the myopic model of the detaching retina are performed for a detachment in the retina located at either the posterior or superior pole of the eye. The results support the clinical finding of an increased prevalence of retinal detachment in myopic eyes and provide insight into the potential causation for the increased prevalence.
Additional file 2 of Perinatal environment shapes microbiota colonization and infant growth: impact on host response and intestinal function
Creators: name: M. Selma-Royo
name: M. Calatayud Arroyo
name: I. García-Mantrana
name: A. Parra-Llorca
name: R. Escuriet
name: C. Martínez-Costa
name: Collado, M. C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2. Neonatal fecal microbiota diversity and richness of meconium and infant fecal samples at 7 and 31 days.
The David LaMacchia Case
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Ethics and Society
Privacy and Surveillance
Security

description: This is a compilation of articles, legal documents, and newsgroup postings pertaining to the software piracy case of David LaMacchia, an MIT student who allegedly used university hardware to distribute commercial software over the Internet, which raises important issues about the liability of system operators and the scope of computer crime and copyright laws.
title: The Socio-cultural Context of New Mothers’ Mental Health
Creators: name: Perry-Jenkins, Maureen
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2012

description: Presentation will review findings from a longitudinal study of the transition to parenthood for a sample of low-income, employed mothers. Will examine how work conditions and policies for low-wage workers as well as social supports predict levels and changes in mothers’ mental health across the first year of parenthood. We will also present new findings linking mothers’ early experiences to their own and their children’s mental health 6 years later.
title: A School Nurse-Delivered Intervention for Overweight and Obese Adolescents: Lessons Learned
Creators: name: Pbert, Lori
name: Osganian, Stavroula K.
name: Schneider, Kristin L.
name: Druker, Susan
name: Magner, Robert P.
name: Reed, George W.
name: Gellar, Lauren A.
name: Gapinski, Mary Ann
name: Sheetz, Anne
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2012

description: Dr. Pbert will present work from an academic and community partnership between UMMS and the School Health Unit of the Massachusetts Department of Public Health to design and test a brief intervention for school nurses to provide weight management assistance to overweight and obese adolescents in the school health setting. She will discuss why the school nurse and school health setting are promising venues for addressing adolescent overweight, present results from their pilot study, and discuss facilitators, barriers and strategies to implementing this treatment model.
Subarcsecond Imaging of the NGC 6334 I(N) Protocluster: Two Dozen Compact Sources and a Massive Disk Candidate
Creators: name: Hunter, T. R.
name: Brogan, C. L.
name: Cyganowski, C. J.
name: Young, K. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the SMA and VLA, we have imaged the massive protocluster NGC6334I(N) at high angular resolution (0.5"~650AU) from 6cm to 0.87mm, detecting 18 new compact continuum sources. Three of the new sources are coincident with previously-identified water masers. Together with the previously-known sources, these data bring the number of likely protocluster members to 25 for a protostellar density of ~700 pc^-3. Our preliminary measurement of the Q-parameter of the minimum spanning tree is 0.82 -- close to the value for a uniform volume distribution. All of the (nine) sources with detections at multiple frequencies have SEDs consistent with dust emission, and two (SMA1b and SMA4) also have long wavelength emission consistent with a central hypercompact HII region. Thermal spectral line emission, including CH3CN, is detected in six sources: LTE model fitting of CH3CN(J=12-11) yields temperatures of 72-373K, confirming the presence of multiple hot cores. The fitted LSR velocities range from -3.3 to -7.0 km/s, with an unbiased mean square deviation of 2.05 km/s, implying a dynamical mass of 410+-260 Msun for the protocluster. From analysis of a wide range of hot core molecules, the kinematics of SMA1b are consistent with a rotating, infalling Keplerian disk of diameter 800AU and enclosed mass of 10-30 Msun that is perpendicular (within 1 degree) to the large-scale bipolar outflow axis. A companion to SMA1b at a projected separation of 0.45" (590AU; SMA1d), which shows no evidence of spectral line emission, is also confirmed. Finally, we detect one 218.440GHz and several 229.7588GHz Class-I methanol masers.
description: 54 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. Version 2: Keywords updated, and three "in press" citations updated to journal reference. Version 3: corrected the error in the quantum numbers of the 218 GHz methanol transition in the text and in Table 8. For a PDF version with full-resolution figures, see http://www.cv.nrao.edu/~thunter/papers/ngc6334in2014.pdf
title: Development of Fluorescent Probes for Cancer Cell Lines
Creators: name: Zhang, Zijuan
name: Kwiatkowski, Nicholas
name: Zeng, Hong
name: Lim, Sang Min
name: Gray, Nathanael S.
name: Yang, Priscilla
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2013

description: Fluorescence imaging is a powerful tool that permits visualization of specific cell states within a population; however, existing methods for fluorescence labeling cannot be easily applied in many biological systems. Unlike antibodies, small molecule proteins can be cell permeable and therefore useful in live-cell and in vivo imaging experiments; moreover, small molecule probes do not require genetic manipulation of cells.

Protein kinases are in many ways ideal targets for the development of selective fluorescent small molecule probes. This is because protein kinases are involved in most cellular processes and changes in their localization, accessibility, and abundance are associated with changes in cellular state. In addition, drug discovery and chemical biology efforts have in recent decades produced many selective, cell permeable small molecule ligands of specific cellular kinases.

Here we describe our attempts to leverage existing, well-characterized kinase inhibitors to develop fluorescent small molecule probes for use as imaging tools in cancer biology. BODIPY-conjugated kinase inhibitors, such as Mps1-IN-11 and BI25362 were synthesized. Their inhibition ability and immunofluorescence staining were tested.3We demonstrated the utility of BI-BODIPY as a cell permeable probe for monitoring PLK localization. This result serves as the foundation for more sophisticated live-cell and in vivo imaging experiments that we are currently pursuing. This study also provides proof of concept for extension of this strategy to convert other small molecule kinase inhibitors to probes that can analogously be used to monitor localization of their respective kinases.
Additional file 1 of Perinatal environment shapes microbiota colonization and infant growth: impact on host response and intestinal function
Creators: name: M. Selma-Royo
name: M. Calatayud Arroyo
name: I. García-Mantrana
name: A. Parra-Llorca
name: R. Escuriet
name: C. Martínez-Costa
name: Collado, M. C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Characteristics of studied population according to place and mode of delivery.
title: Does Aeromedical Transport Increase Anything Else Besides The Cost Of Care For Trauma Patients?
Creators: name: Shaw, Joshua J.
name: Santry, Heena P.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2013

description: INTRODUCTION: Unlike many other interventions for trauma, the utilization of transport services are directly impacted by environmental factors such as geography and weather. The previous literature on aeromedical transport for trauma patients has not accounted for the variability in patient selection based on these factors. Furthermore, travel distances for aeromedical transport are rarely accounted for when trying to address this controversial topic. We undertook this study to determine whether helicopter transport imparted a survival benefit.

METHODS: Our institution’s trauma registry was queried from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2010 for adult patients (≥15yrs of age) transported directly from the scene of injury to our level one trauma center in central New England. Cohorts were designated ‘AIR’ if transported by helicopter and ‘GROUND’ if by ground EMS vehicles. A multivariable logistic regression model for mortality was constructed. In order to account for the travel time a patient would have been subject to if transported by ground, we included a co-variate for network bands in our model. Network bands were generated by 5-min increments, using Maptitude geographic information systems software that measure predicted time of travel based on available roadways and traffic patterns, as shown in figure 1.

RESULTS: There were 3,615 patients who met inclusion criteria on these days. 1,281 (35%) were assigned to the AIR cohort and 2,334 (65%) were assigned to the GROUND cohort. Multivariable analyses of mortality showed that neither mode of transport nor the distance traveled were independent predictors of mortality. However, intubation status, presence of abnormal systolic blood pressure at the time of presentation to the trauma center, age, ISS, AIS and RTS were all independent predictors of mortality.

CONCLUSION: There was no survival benefit for patients transported by helicopter in this study.
title: The Social Health and Well-being Impacts Associated With Hydraulic Fracturing
Creators: name: Grinnell, S
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2021

description: In 2014, the UK Government announced they were, ‘going all out for shale gas,’ as part of the UKs need to change the energy landscape to focus on security of supply, economic benefits, (reduction of imports), the need to cut carbon emissions and further establish renewable sources. Subsequent licencing to explore for Shale Gas resulted in significant publicised protests concerning environmental issues. Published literature in the form of Case Studies and completed Health Impact Assessments, of which there is a paucity, tend to support these concerns. However, clearly absent from this literature, are the Social Health and Well-Being Impacts (Social Determinants of Health) associated with Hydraulic Fracturing. Data was gathered using an on-line questionnaire which was open for six weeks. The questionnaire included both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. Ninety four respondents completed the questionnaire providing over seven hundred pieces of information and comments. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data sets. The results of this analysis indicate that the threat to the quality of life, environmental concerns and a lack of confidence in the governance of the decision-making process as key factors in the perceptions of the participants. The complexities of these themes were then visually described using causal loop modelling techniques. The research concludes that the public have a very negative and mistrustful perception of Government, Statutory Bodies and the Oil and Gas Industry. Frequently cited social impacts include, stress, anxiety, loss of control and negative impacts on communities including environmental pollution. The implications of this research are that authorities and relevant bodies need to pay far more attention to people and community needs when granting and considering planning consent and licences.
Additional file 12 of Perinatal environment shapes microbiota colonization and infant growth: impact on host response and intestinal function
Creators: name: M. Selma-Royo
name: M. Calatayud Arroyo
name: I. García-Mantrana
name: A. Parra-Llorca
name: R. Escuriet
name: C. Martínez-Costa
name: Collado, M. C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 12. Primers of 16 s rRNA gene of prokaryotic targets and human genes tested by qPCR.
The circular Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation as an inflating, self-avoiding ring polymer
Creators: name: Santalla, Silvia N.
name: Rodriguez-Laguna, Javier
name: Cuerno, Rodolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation for a circular interface in two dimensions, unconstrained by the standard small-slopes and no-overhang approximations. Numerical simulations using an adaptive scheme allow us to elucidate the complete time evolution as a crossover between a short-time regime with the interface fluctuations of a self-avoiding ring or 2D vesicle, and a long-time regime governed by the Tracy-Widom distribution expected for this geometry. For small noise amplitudes, scaling behavior is only of the latter type. Large noise is also seen to renormalize the bare physical parameters of the ring, akin to analogous parameter renormalization for equilibrium 3D membranes. Our results bear particular importance on the relation between relevant universality classes of scale-invariant systems in two dimensions.
description: Accepted at Phys. Rev. E (rapid communications)
Graphene oxide: new opportunities for optoelectronic, electronic and photonic chips
Creators: name: Moss, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a derivative of graphene, graphene oxide (GO) was initially developed by chemists to emulate some of the key properties of graphene, but it was soon recognized as a unique material in its own right, addressing an application space that is not accessible to chemical vapor deposition based materials. Over the past decade, GO has emerged as a new frontier material with tremendous advances in its material fabrication and quality control over its properties. These in turn have led to rapid progress in GO based photonics, electronics, and optoelectronics concepts and devices, evoking new science and paving the way for many technological breakthroughs with exceptional performance. Here, we review the unique fundamental characteristics of GO, its thin film fabrication methods, patterning techniques, and mechanisms for tuning its material properties. This latter capability in particular has enabled novel advanced functional photonic, electronic, and optoelectronic devices. Understanding these insights is essential for designing and tailoring GO properties for state-of-the-art applications including solar energy harvesting, energy storage, medical diagnosis, image displays, and optical communications. We conclude by discussing the open challenges and exciting opportunities of this field, together with future prospects for major technological advancements and breakthroughs.
description: 55 pages, 10 figures, 300 references
Sexologische Arbeit mit Sexualstraftätern : Bedarf und Bedeutung sowie Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten sexologischer Arbeit nach Sexocorporel mit Sexualstraftätern im Massnahmenvollzug
Creators: name: Zurlinden, Olivia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Halle (Saale)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: männliche Sexualstraftäter
subject: Pädosexuelle
subject: Vergewaltiger
subject: deliktorientierte Straftäterbehandlung
subject: Schweizer Massnahmenvollzug
subject: Sexocorporel
subject: 300
subject: 365

description: In der vorliegenden Masterarbeit wird aufgezeigt, inwiefern männliche Sexualstraftäter (Pädosexuelle und Vergewaltiger) zusätzlich zur deliktorientierten Straftäterbehandlung im Schweizer Massnahmenvollzug sexologisch anhand des Modells Sexocorporel behandelt werden können. Auf Grundlage relevanter Bezüge zum Modell Sexocorporel, Definitionen und Erklärungsansätze der beiden fokussierten dissexuellen Verhaltensweisen sowie theoretischer Hintergründe deliktorientierter Sexualstraftäterbehandlung wurde eine qualitative Forschung anhand von Interviews mit einer Expertin und drei Experten durchgeführt. Somit wurden Bedarf, Bedeutung sowie Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten sexologischer Arbeit nach Sexocorporel im Massnahmenvollzug eruiert und in der Diskussion mit dem theoretischen Bezugsrahmen in Verbindung gesetzt. Die Masterarbeit zeigt auf, dass die theoretischen Grundlagen der beiden Modelle Sexocorporel und Deliktorientierung gut miteinander verbunden werden können und dass körperorientierte Behandlung nach dem Modell Sexocorporel ebenfalls deliktrelevante Persönlichkeitsmerkmale von Sexualstraftätern bearbeitet. Der Einbezug der ressourcenorientierten Sichtweise des Modells Sexocorporel mit Ziel sexueller Gesundheit kann zudem motivationsfördernd auf die sich in gesetzlich auferlegten Therapien befindenden Sexualstraftäter wirken. Die Einbettung sexologischer Arbeit nach Sexocorporel in die bisherige deliktorientierte Behandlung von Vergewaltigern und Pädosexuellen ist unter Voraussetzung von deren Tateinsicht und Willen zur Auseinandersetzung und Veränderung ihrer Sexualität möglich. Die über den Körper herbeigeführte Veränderung der Sexualität, welche Kognitionen und Emotionen beeinflusst, basiert dabei auf dem Verständnis der Logik des eigenen sexuellen Systems des Sexualstraftäters unter Berücksichtigung des Ziels der Rückfallrisikosenkung.
When is a symplectic quotient an orbifold?
Creators: name: Herbig, Hans-Christian
name: Schwarz, Gerald W.
name: Seaton, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 53D20, 13A50, Secondary 57S15, 57S17, 20G20

description: Let $K$ be a compact Lie group of positive dimension. We show that for most unitary $K$-modules the corresponding symplectic quotient is not regularly symplectomorphic to a linear symplectic orbifold (the quotient of a unitary module of a finite group). When $K$ is connected, we show that even a symplectomorphism to a linear symplectic orbifold does not exist. Our results yield conditions that preclude the symplectic quotient of a Hamiltonian $K$-manifold from being locally isomorphic to an orbifold. As an application, we determine which unitary $\operatorname{SU}_2$-modules yield symplectic quotients that are $\mathbb{Z}$-graded regularly symplectomorphic to a linear symplectic orbifold. We similarly determine which unitary circle representations yield symplectic quotients that admit a regular diffeomorphism to a linear symplectic orbifold.
description: 14 pages, added extensions of results in version 1 (Theorem 1.3 and Corollary 1.4)
title: Identification of a Human Monoclonal Antibody to Replace Equine Diphtheria Anti-toxin for the Treatment of Diphtheria
Creators: name: Sevigny, Leila M.
name: Booth, Brian J.
name: Rowley, Kirk J.
name: Leav, Brett A.
name: Cheslock, Peter S.
name: Garrity, Kerry A.
name: Sloan, Susan
name: Babcock, Gregory J.
name: Thomas, William D.
name: Klempner, Mark
name: Wang, Yang
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2013

description: Diphtheria anti-toxin (DAT) has been used to treat Corynebacterium diphtheriae infection for over one hundred years. While the global incidence of diphtheria has declined in the 20th century, the disease remains endemic in many parts of the world and significant outbreaks still occur. Diphtheria anti-toxin is an equine polyclonal antibody with considerable side effects that is in critically short supply globally. A safer, more readily available alternative to DAT would be desirable. In the current study, we cloned human monoclonal antibodies (HuMabs) directly from antibody secreting cells of human volunteers immunized with Td vaccine. We isolated a diverse panel of HuMabs that recognized diphtheria toxoid and recombinant protein fragments of diphtheria toxin. Forty-one unique HuMabs were expressed in 293T cells and tested for neutralization of diphtheria toxin in in vitro cytotoxicity assays. The lead candidate HuMab, 315C4 potently neutralized diphtheria toxin with an EC50 of 0.65 ng/mL. Additionally, 25 μg of 315C4 completely protected guinea pigs in an in vivo lethality model. In comparison, 1.6 IU of DAT was necessary for full protection resulting in an estimated relative potency of 64 IU/mg for 315C4. We further established that our lead candidate HuMab binds to the receptor binding domain of diphtheria toxin and blocks the toxin from binding to the putative receptor, heparin binding-epidermal growth factor like growth factor. The discovery of a specific and potent neutralizing antibody against diphtheria toxin holds promise as a potential human therapeutic and is being developed for human use.
title: A Comparison of Recruitment Strategies for a Long-Term Study at Two Maternal Stages: Effectiveness of Recruitment During Pregnancy vs. After Childbirth
Creators: name: Sepavich, Deidre M.
name: Brenckle, Linda
name: Moore Simas, Tiffany A.
name: Aupont, Onesky
name: McLaughlin, Thomas J.
name: Felice, Marianne E.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2013

description: Introduction. National Children’s Study (NCS) Provider Based Sampling (PBS) aims to conduct a pilot study to test cost, acceptability and feasibility of recruiting a representative sample of women/children using two recruitment strategies: through prenatal providers and hospitals.

Methods. A sampling frame consisting of all providers of prenatal and delivery care within and 10-miles outside Worcester County, 16 provider and 3 hospital locations were selected as point of entry for study recruitment. During 1st prenatal care visits or post-delivery at these locations, face-to-face contact was utilized to: a) identify study eligibility and b) assess study recruitment. Preliminary

Results. Certified Data Collectors made contact with prescreened women. Consent rates of women at prenatal provider locations were lower than the consent rates in hospital locations. On average, results have shown twice as many consents could be obtained per day at hospital locations than at provider locations.

Preliminary Conclusions. Although both strategies utilized direct rapport, the two recruitment methods were associated with different consent rates. Consideration of preliminary results may lead one to consider recruitment after childbirth for several reasons: 1) greater likelihood of having opportunity to discuss study with the woman and partner from outset; 2) opportunity to check back with undecided women easily 3) longer periods to answer questions and conduct screening and consent; 4) support of nursing staff to foster participation; 5) daily presence of NCS staff; and 6) reality of infant’s birth to spur mother to consent. Recruitment during pregnancy visits may yield lower rates; further examination may be necessary to overcome challenges such as: 1) burden of adding recruitment session to often long and anxiety-laden1st prenatal visit; 2) need to develop rapport quickly during brief time periods; 3) making contact with potential participants outside of provider office when recruitment is not completed.
Additional file 10 of Perinatal environment shapes microbiota colonization and infant growth: impact on host response and intestinal function
Creators: name: M. Selma-Royo
name: M. Calatayud Arroyo
name: I. García-Mantrana
name: A. Parra-Llorca
name: R. Escuriet
name: C. Martínez-Costa
name: Collado, M. C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 10. Flow chart of study participants.
Little Rip, $Λ$CDM and singular dark energy cosmology from Born-Infeld-$f(R)$ gravity
Creators: name: Makarenko, Andrey N.
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
name: Olmo, Gonzalo J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study late-time cosmic accelerating dynamics from Born-Infeld-$f(R)$ gravity in a simplified conformal approach. We find that a variety of cosmic efects such as Little Rip, $Λ$CDM universe and dark energy cosmology with finite-time future singularities may occur. Unlike the convenient Born-Infeld gravity where in the absence of matter only de Sitter expansion may emerge, apparentlly any FRW cosmology maybe reconstructed from this conformal version of the Born-Infeld-$f(R)$ theory. Despite the fact that the explicit form of $f(R)$ is fixed by the conformal ansatz, the relation between the two metrics in this approach may be changed so as to bring out any desired FRW cosmology.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. This version accepted in Phys. Lett. B
Leveraging psychological framing of warning messages to improve user security on smartphones
Creators: name: Lambropoulos, David
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: The current way in which Android warns users about the capabilities their apps request, do not effectively warn users about their security risks. This work focused on the design, implementation and evaluation of smartphone warning system. We also utilized psychological framing for design of warning messages. These warning messages were delivered to the user in a field study (N = 41) using their personal smartphones. We present effective strategies for warning smartphone users. These resulted in average longer viewing/interaction times, higher on average rate at which they consider making changes to their permission settings and were more likely to view apps requesting their permissions.
Additional file 1 of A cassava protoplast system for screening genes associated with the response to South African cassava mosaic virus
Creators: name: Chatukuta, Patience
name: Rey, Marie Emma Christine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Protoplast yields, CRISPR-induced mutations and E3 ligase DE proteome data.
Evolution of the magnetization after a local quench in the critical transverse-field Ising chain
Creators: name: Iglói, F.
name: Roósz, G.
name: Turban, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time evolution of the local magnetization in the critical Ising chain in a transverse field after a sudden change of the parameters at a defect. The relaxation of the defect magnetization is algebraic and the corresponding exponent, which is a continuous function of the defect parameters, is calculated exactly. In finite chains the relaxation is oscillating in time and its form is conjectured on the basis of precise numerical calculations.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, published version
title: Quadrimodal Distribution of Death after Trauma: Predictors of Death in the Fourth Peak
Creators: name: Santry, Heena
name: Wilbert, Christopher J.
name: Psoinos, Charles M.
name: Flahive, Julie
name: Kroll-Desrosiers, Aimee R.
name: Emhoff, Timothy A.
name: Kiefe, Catarina I.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2013

description: Introduction: Patterns of death after trauma are changing due to diagnostic and treatment advances. We examined mortality in critically injured patients at risk of death after discharge.

Methods: We reviewed all critically injured (Injury Severity Score≥25 AND death in Emergency Room , death within 24hrs, OR ICU admission>24hrs) adults (age≥18) admitted to a Level 1 trauma center (01/01/2000-12/31/2010) and determined death post-discharge (Social Security Death Index) of patients discharged alive. We compared demographics, injury data, and critical care resource utilization between those who died during follow-up and survivors using univariate tests and Cox proportional hazards models.

Results: Of 1,695 critically injured patients, 1135 (67%) were discharged alive. As of 05/1/2012, 977 (58%) index survivors were alive (median follow-up 62mos (IQR35,96)). Of 158 deaths post-discharge, 75 (47%) occurred within the first year. Patients who died post-discharge had longer hospital (24dys (IQR13,38) vs. 17dys (IQR10,27)) and ICU LOS (17dys (IQR6,29) vs. 8dys (IQR4,19)) and were more likely to undergo tracheostomies (36.1% vs. 15.6%, p16dys increased risk of death at one year (HR1.94 (1.22,3.06)) and by the end of follow-up (HR2.19 (1.58,3.04)) compared to shorter ICU stays.

Conclusion: We propose the first year after discharge as the fourth peak of trauma related mortality. Duration of ICU LOS during index hospitalization is associated with post-discharge mortality.
title: Rates of Insurance for Injured Patients before and after Health Care Reform in Massachusetts: Another Case of Double Jeopardy?
Creators: name: Santry, Heena P.
name: Collins, Courtney E.
name: Wiseman, Jason T.
name: Flahive, Julie M.
name: Psoinos, Charles M.
name: Chau, Zeling
name: Shah, Shimul A.
name: Kiefe, Catarina I.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2013

description: Background: As a result of healthcare reform (HCR), insurance rates among Massachusetts (MA) residents increased from 86.6% (2006) to 94.4% (2010) and conferred a 7.6% higher probability of being insured compared to neighboring states. The effect of an individual mandate on insurance rates among trauma patients is unknown.

Methods: This was retrospective analysis of adult (18-64yrs) trauma patients from MA and surrounding states (NH, RI, CT, NY, VT) treated at our level 1 trauma center in central MA before (2004-2005) and after (2009-2010) MA-HCR. We estimated changes in insurance rates across time-periods and state-residence.

Results: Before MA-HCR, 76.7% (1647/2,148) of injured MA residents had insurance compared to 84.3% (2088/2477) post-HCR (p<0.0001). Out-of-state residents experienced similar but non-significant increases (77.4% (206/266) before compared to 83.2% (223/268) after, p=0.09). Uninsured patients were younger (median age 29 (IQR23-40) vs. 39 (IQR25-50)) and more likely to be male (85.7% vs. 70.7%, p<0.0001), non-white (29.8% vs. 15.3%, p<0.0001), and injured due to penetrating trauma (14.9% vs. 7.9%, p<0.0001). In multivariable models, male sex (OR2.4 (2.0,2.9)), non-white race (OR2.2 (1.7,2.8)), penetrating injury (OR1.2 (1.0,1.4)), and time period (OR1.6 (1.4,1.8)) increased odds of insurance at the time of injury but state-residence did not.

Conclusions: In this single center study, time rather than HCR resulted in modest increases in insurance rates. However, MA-HCR was ineffectual at increasing insurance among trauma patients to levels comparable to the general public, suggesting certain factors may place certain subgroups in “double jeopardy” by simultaneously increasing risk of injury and precluding compliance with an individual mandate.
Additional file 9 of Genome-scale CRISPR screening at high sensitivity with an empirically designed sgRNA library
Creators: name: Henkel, Luisa
name: Rauscher, Benedikt
name: Schmitt, Barbara
name: Winter, Jan
name: Boutros, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9: Figure S5. Reproducibility of negative selection screens with the HD CRISPR library. (A) Scatter plots showing the reproducibility of sgRNA phenotypes across biological replicates in screens with the HD CRISPR library. Each column includes screens performed in a bulk cell population (left) or in selected single cell clones with high Cas9 activity (middle and right). The top and bottom rows include screens with the HD CRISPR sub-libraries A and B, respectively. (B) Boxplot representing the distribution of the differences of the maximal and the minimal log2 fold change of guides targeting the same gene in individual screens. For each gene the difference between the maximal and the minimal sgRNA log2 fold change was calculated. This process was repeated for both HD CRISPR sublibraries using the phenotypes derived from screens in bulk population and single cell clones. Guides targeting the same gene result in similar log2 fold changes with a median difference of the maximal and the minimal log2 fold change smaller 1 for all screens. (C) Precision-recall-curve analysis for reference core essential and nonessential gene sets (Hart et al., 2015, Hart et al., 2017) of screens conducted in the HAP1 Cas9 bulk population using either the HD CRISPR Library A or B and two published CRISPR screens conducted in HAP1 cells using either the TKOv1 or TKOv3 library (Hart et al., 2017) as a reference. (D) Hit calling of the HD CRISPR Libraries A and B in comparison with a CRISPR screen conducted in HAP1 cells by Hart et al. (2017) using the TKOv1 library. (E) Hit calling of the HD CRISPR Libraries A and B in comparison with a CRISPR screen conducted in HAP1 cells by Hart et al. (2017) using the TKOv3 library. PCC = Pearson Correlation Coefficient, SCC = Spearman Correlation Coefficient.
Enhancing Older Adults' Gesture Typing Experience Using the T9 Keyboard on Small Touchscreen Devices
Creators: name: Kuang, Emily
name: Chen, Ruihuan
name: Fan, Mingming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Older adults increasingly adopt small-screen devices, but limited motor dexterity hinders their ability to type effectively. While a 9-key (T9) keyboard allocates larger space to each key, it is shared by multiple consecutive letters. Consequently, users must interrupt their gestures when typing consecutive letters, leading to inefficiencies and poor user experience. Thus, we proposed a novel keyboard that leverages the currently unused key 1 to duplicate letters from the previous key, allowing the entry of consecutive letters without interruptions. A user study with 12 older adults showed that it significantly outperformed the T9 with wiggle gesture in typing speed, KSPC, insertion errors, and deletes per word while achieving comparable performance as the conventional T9. Repeating the typing tasks with 12 young adults found that the advantages of the novel T9 were consistent or enhanced. We also provide error analysis and design considerations for improving gesture typing on T9 for older adults.
description: Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '23), April 23--28, 2023, Hamburg, Germany
The Love Canal Disaster: An Error in Engineering or Public Policy?
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2021
Subjects: Catastrophes, Hazards, Disasters
Public Health and Safety
Social Responsibility

description: A student-written essay dealing with the causes of the Love Canal toxic waste case. This essay was the second-place winner in a 1996 OEC contest for student-authored websites on topics in science and engineering ethics.
Solanum asterophorum
Creators: name: Gouvêa, Yuri
name: Stehmann, João
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum asterophorum

description: KEY TO THE SPECIES Of SOLANUM ASTEROPHORUM SPECIES GROUP 1. Major leaves entire (in mature plants), elliptic, the apex acuminate; stem prickles straight, sparsely distributed (less often with unarmed young stems); calyx cupuliform, usually densely covered with long-stalked trichomes; calyx lobes deltate........................... 3. Solanum piluliferum 1. Major leaves lobed, ovate to obovate, the apex acute to obtuse; stem prickles curved, moderately to densely distributed; calyx obconic, sparsely to densely covered with sessile to short-stalked trichomes; calyx lobes narrowly oblong, elliptic or lanceolate............................... 2 2. Pedicels notably curved downward and the flower buds pointing down; pedicel insertion points evenly and very closely spaced, usually overlapping......................................................................................... 1. Solanum asterophorum 2. Pedicels straight or nearly so, and the flower buds erect to spreading; pedicel insertion points more widely spaced proximally, if overlapping only on the more distal portion of the inflorescence.................................................................................. 3 3. Young stems and adaxial leaf surface completely covered by orange to ferruginous trichomes; branches horizontally spreading (plagiotropic); inflorescence axis unarmed............................................................................ 2. Solanum igniferum 3. Young stems and adaxial leaf surface covered by hyaline to brown-tinged trichomes; branches erect; inflorescence axis usually armed...................................................................................................... 4. Solanum sessilantherum
description: Published as part of Gouvêa, Yuri & Stehmann, João, 2019, A Revision of the Solanum asterophorum Species Group (subg. Leptostemonum), pp. 210-232 in Systematic Botany 44 (1) on page 217, DOI: 10.1600/036364419x698047, http://zenodo.org/record/6338768
First results of the bundle test QUENCH-19 with FeCrAl claddings
Creators: name: Stuckert, J.
name: Große, M.
name: Laier, J.
name: Moch, J.
name: Peters, U.
name: Stegmaier, U.
name: Steinbrück, M.
name: Terrani, K.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2018
Subjects: severe accident
accident tolerant fuel
cladding oxidation
hydrogen release

description: The QUENCH-19 bundle experiment with FeCrAl(Y) claddings and 4 FeCrAl(Y) spacer grids as well as 8 KANTHAL APM corner rods and KANTHAL APM shroud was conducted at KIT on 29th August 2018. This was performed in cooperation with the Oakridge National Laboratory (ORNL).
The test objective was the comparison of FeCrAl(Y) and ZIRLO™ claddings under similar electrical power and gas flow conditions. In common with the previous QUENCH-15 experiment, the bundle was heated by a series of stepwise increases of electrical power from room temperature to a maximum of ≈600 °C in an atmosphere of flowing argon (3.45 g/s) and superheated steam (3.6 g/s). The bundle was stabilised at this temperature, the electrical power being ≈4 kW. During this time the operation of the various systems was checked.
In a first transient, the electrical power was controlled with the same electrical power history as the QUENCH-15 test. As a result, the bundle was heated to peak cladding temperature of about 1000 °C reached at about 4000 s. It showed a slowed bundle heating than for the QUENCH-15 bundle (1200 °C reached at about 3000 s). In this test phase about 0.3 g of hydrogen were produced (QUENCH-15: 23.3 g).
In the following phase, the power was increased continuously to 18.12 kW (corresponds to maximal power of the QUENCH-15 test). After reaching of this value the power was kept constant during about 2000 s. At the end of this phase the maximal peak cladding temperature of Tpct≈1500 °C was reached. Much lower heating rate in comparison to QUENCH-15 was measured. Exceeding Tpct≈1400 °C sharp increase of hydrogen release rate was observed. 
Then reflood was initiated at ≈9100 s, connected with switching the argon injection to the top of the bundle, first rapidly filling the lower plenum of the test section with 4 kg of water, and continuing by injecting ≈48 g/s of water. The electrical power was reduced to 4.1 kW during the reflood.
A temperature excursion was not observed. The temperatures at all elevations decrease immediately after water injection. The total hydrogen release during the whole test was 9.2 g compared to 47.6 g in the QUENCH-15 test with much shorter high electrical power phase.
The videoscope observation of the bundle at the positions of the withdrawn corner rods showed the damage of several claddings at the bundle elevations between 850 and 1000 mm. The claddings were failed either due to interaction with melted thermocouples (mostly) or by spalling of small annular cladding parts.
title: Activation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGRF) is Required for CXCL12 Mediated ERK and Akt Signaling during Prostate Myofibroblast Phenoconversion
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Nieves, Jose A.
name: Macoska, Jill A.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2013

description: Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), a condition of the prostate common in aging in men, is associated with urinary voiding dysfunction, or Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS). Although inflammation and abnormal muscle contraction are known to be key players in the development of LUTS, tissue fibrosis may also be an important and previously unrecognized contributing factor. Tissue fibrosis arises from the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, which produce and secrete collagens and fibronectins that remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM). This differentiation process is usually accomplished by activation of the TGF-β/TGFβRII axis. However, in this study we report that the CXC-type chemokine, CXCL12, and its receptor, CXCR4, which are up-regulated with aging in the prostate, can drive this differentiation process as well. We have observed that CXCL12 can promote myofibroblast phenoconversion in the absence of exogenous TGF-β and can up-regulate the expression of myofibroblast genes (α-SMA, COL1, TGF-β) in primary and immortalized prostate fibroblasts. Recently we discovered that the activated CXCL12/CXCR4 axis signals through the EGFR and through downstream MEK/ERK and Akt pathways during myofibroblast differentiation, but not through Smad proteins. Smad proteins are the primary signaling proteins utilized by the TGFβRII. This suggests that CXCL12/CXCR4-mediated signaling events in prostate myofibroblast phenoconversion may proceed through non-canonical pathways that do not depend on TGF-β/TGFβRII axis activation or Smad signaling. Furthermore, we observed significant reduction in the activation of EGFR and ERK pathways when treating fibroblasts with an EGFR inhibitor as well as a pan-Metalloprotease inhibitor previous to chemokine treatment. Conversely, chemical inhibition of TGF-βRII or Smad3 activation did not prevent CXCL12-mediated EGFR, MEK/ERK activation or myofibroblast phenoconversion. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that EGFR activation by CXCL12/CXCR4 might be required for ERK and Akt activation during myofibroblasts conversion, and may be coupled to the shedding of extracellular ligands of EGFR by extracellular proteases.
title: Better Memory for a Negative Event Associated with Better Emotion Regulation
Creators: name: Santorelli, Gennarina
name: Gora, Rachel
name: Rovenpor, Daniel
name: Ready, Rebecca E.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2013

description: Cognitive resources in older adults may promote psychological well-being. Our data add a novel dimension to this work by demonstrating that superior memory for negative mood induction stimuli is associated with better emotion recovery over time. Older (n = 11) and younger (n = 14) participants were shown film clips depicting themes of loss to induce negative emotions and reduce positive emotions. Self-report emotions were assessed prior to the videos, immediately after the videos, and after 10-minutes of emotion recovery. Results indicated that Positive Affect, Joviality, and Attentiveness significantly (ps < .05) decreased and Negative Affect, Sadness, and Hostility significantly (ps < .05) increased from pre- to post-video. Changes in Guilt were significantly (p < .05) different by age group; scores for younger adults decreased whereas scores for older adults increased. Free recall and recognition memory for the film stimuli were tested. There was a trend for younger adults to have better recognition memory for the negative film stimuli than older adults (p < 0.10). Poorer recognition memory was associated with less efficient emotion recovery for several negative emotions. Specifically, poorer recognition memory was associated with less efficient recovery as a trend for Fear (r = -.35, p < .10) and Sadness (r = -.36, p < .10) and significantly for Guilt (r = -.66, p < .05). Better memory for an event that causes negative emotions may facilitate emotion regulation and emotion recovery. Implications for emotion dysregulation in memory disorders are discussed.
Additional file 8 of Genome-scale CRISPR screening at high sensitivity with an empirically designed sgRNA library
Creators: name: Henkel, Luisa
name: Rauscher, Benedikt
name: Schmitt, Barbara
name: Winter, Jan
name: Boutros, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Figure S4. Cloning quality control of the HD CRISPR library. (A) Distribution of sgRNA read counts for the HD CRISPR plasmid library preparations. Skew ratios were determined as the quotient of the top 10 quantile divided by the bottom 10 quantile. (B) FACS analysis of GFP expression upon transfection of the HD CRISPR Library A and B plasmid pools to address the presence of remaining GFP stuffer (n = 3 for each condition).