cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Echinoclathria vasa Lehnert, Stone & Heimler, 2006, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Lehnert, Helmut
name: Stone, Robert
name: Heimler, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Microcionidae
Echinoclathria
Echinoclathria vasa

description: Echinoclathria vasa sp. nov.
(Fig. 4 a–c, Fig. 5 a–f)
Description
The sponge is stalked, with a vase shaped body (Figs. 4 a, b, c) growing on exposed bedrock. The stalk is 3 cm high x 0.5–0.8 cm wide, whereas the vase shaped body is 9 x 3 cm, walls 5–10mm in thickness. Consistency, except for the stalk, is very soft and elastic. The color changed from white to orange brown after freezing the sponge.
Skeleton: The ectosome is a thin membrane packed with anchorate isochelae. The choanosome consists of a plumose arrangement of thick, shorter styles. The tracts are 60–135 µm in diameter and often branch in two or three tracts. Near the surface they are replaced by brushes of thin, longer styles, fanning out towards the surface, with many isochelae in between. The brushes of thinner styles overlap considerably and so produce a dense arrangement of spicules near the surface.
Spicules: Megascleres are large thick styles (Fig. 5 a), measuring 760–920 x 16–21 µm, small thin styles (Fig. 5 b) with finely acanthose heads (Fig. 5 c), 740– 1230 x 4–6 µm, being slightly curved to sinuous. Microscleres are reduced, palmate isochelae with narrow central alae which display some variability in structure (Figs. 5 d, e, f), 21–27 µm.
Discussion
This species is assigned to Echinoclathria because of the occurrence of two categories of styles, the arrangement of the styles in a choanosmal plumose reticulate arrangement of shorter styles followed by subectosomal brushes of longer (thinner) styles and the occurrence of peculiar, reduced isochelae which are regarded as derived from palmate isochelae. Echinoclathria vasa differs from all known species of the genus in the presence of these reduced palmate isochelae. All previously known species possess normal palmate isochelae. There are 33 species of Echinoclathria described, most of them from warm seas. There is only one congener known from the area, E. beringensis (Hentschel, 1929). This species lacks microscleres and has two categories of smaller styles (large, 412 µm, small, 176 µm). Echinoclathria foliata (Bowerbank, 1874) is known from the N­Atlantic. It has a fan­shaped growth form, and further differs in having smaller styles (ectosomal subtylostyles, 196–365 µm, choanosomal styles, 320–570 µm). There is an additional category of acanthostyles (98–280 µm), the isochelae are differently shaped and smaller (16–20 µm) and it has toxas (266–370 µm).
Distribution
Known only from the type­locality.
Etymology
Named after the vase­shaped growth form, from lat. vas­vase.
description: Published as part of Lehnert, Helmut, Stone, Robert & Heimler, Wolfgang, 2006, New species of deep­sea demosponges (Porifera) from the Aleutian Islands (Alaska, USA), pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 1250 on pages 7-10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.173010
Cyzicus annandalei Daday 1913, s. lat.
Creators: name: Padhye, Sameer
name: Timms, Brian
name: Ghate, Hemant V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Branchiopoda
Diplostraca
Cyzicidae
Cyzicus
Cyzicus annandalei

description: Cyzicus annandalei Daday, 1913 s. lat.
Size: 110 and 125 µm (n=2) polygon number = ~140–150; wh: dw = ~0.3 (biggest polygons) and ~0.25 (small polygons). Egg surface with numerous small but distinct polygons of with rounded angles. Polygon walls thick, stout, rib margins smooth, constricted in the middle in places. Polygonal depressions small with a flat floor. Polygonal floor approximately about 0.4 to 0.5 in proportion to the total surface of each polygon (Fig.5 A &B).
description: Published as part of Padhye, Sameer, Timms, Brian & Ghate, Hemant V., 2016, Large branchiopod (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) egg morphology of Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India, pp. 246-254 in Zootaxa 4079 (2) on page 252, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4079.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1050663
Eulimnadia indocylindrova Durga Prasad and Simhachalam 2004
Creators: name: Padhye, Sameer
name: Timms, Brian
name: Ghate, Hemant V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Branchiopoda
Diplostraca
Limnadiidae
Eulimnadia
Eulimnadia indocylindrova

description: Eulimnadia indocylindrova Durga Prasad and Simhachalam, 2004
Size: 105–125 µm (n=5). Eggs cylindrical in shape, though in some orientation show a barrel shaped structure. Anterior and posterior ends of the cylinder with furrows arranged randomly and/or in parallel arrangement while the grooves always parallel along the length of the cylinder. Ridges broadly triangular in cross section, furrows narrow and slit like, similar in shape with little variation. Surface of the egg ornamented with small pores (Fig. 4 B).
description: Published as part of Padhye, Sameer, Timms, Brian & Ghate, Hemant V., 2016, Large branchiopod (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) egg morphology of Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India, pp. 246-254 in Zootaxa 4079 (2) on page 252, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4079.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1050663
Crossomeles acutipennis Chemsak & Noguera 1993
Creators: name: Nearns, Eugenio H.
name: Swift, Ian P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Crossomeles
Crossomeles acutipennis

description: Crossomeles acutipennis Chemsak & Noguera, 1993
(Figures 3a–d, 5a, 5e, 5i)
Diagnosis and remarks. This species can be separated from congeners by the elytra longer, extending to near posterior margin of abdominal segment I, narrowly rounded apically; genae about 1/2 as long as lower lobe of eye. In male specimens examined, the eyes are narrowly separated in front by about 7 ommatidia, while in females they are widely separated by more than 20 ommatidia, or about 2/3 width of an eye lobe. Antennomeres VI–XI of both sexes with small, indistinct sensory pores on dorsal and ventral surface of each antennomere (not reported in original description).
This species was described from a series of 17 specimens (11 males, six females) from Mexico (Jalisco). The authors mention additional specimens from El Salvador and Mexico (Chiapas) which they considered to be conspecific but differed by having the head, pronotum, and antennae black instead of reddish orange (as in Fig. 3a–d). Swift et al. (2010) listed this species from Costa Rica (Alajuela), but we were unable to examine any specimens from this locality. Two female specimens from Panama are listed below, representing a new country record for the species.
Material examined. Holotype (via photograph), male:“MEX: Jalisco, La Manzanilla, VII-10-91, F.A. Noguera ” // “Holotype, Crossomeles acutipennis Chemsak & Noguera ” (UNAM); one male paratype: MEXICO: Jalisco, Est. Biol. Chamela, July 10-20, 1985, E. Giesbert, Coll.” // “Paratype, Crossomeles acutipennis Chemsak & Noguera ” (EFGC); one male: “ MEXICO: Chiapas, ‘ El Aguacero’ 16 km W Ocozocoautla, June 28-July 8 1986, E. Giesbert, Coll.” (EFGC); one male: “ MEXICO: Chiapas, 9 km N Arriaga, June 19 1987, E. Giesbert, coll.” (EFGC); one female: “ MEXICO, Chiapas, 5 mi E of Ocozocoautla, 16 June 1989, JC Burne ” (NMNH); two females: “ PANAMA: Panamá Pr., 7-10 km N El Llano, May 14-22, 1993, E. Giesbert, Coll.” (EFGC).
description: Published as part of Nearns, Eugenio H. & Swift, Ian P., 2022, Descriptions and new records in longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from Central America, pp. 39-48 in Zootaxa 5141 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6577702
Eosymtinae Bousfield & Hendrycks 1994
Creators: name: Labay, Vjacheslav S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Pleustidae

description: Subfamily Eosymtinae Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994
Eosymtinae Bousfield & Hendrycks 1994: 43.— Hendrycks & Bousfield 2004: 49.— Labay 2018: 221.
Type genus. Eosymtes Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994: 43.— Hendrycks & Bousfield 2004: 49.
Type species. Eosymtes minutus Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994
Genera. Eosymtes Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994, Cognateosymtes Labay, 2018.
Diagnosis (from Hendrycks & Bousfield 2004 with additions). Body smooth. Urosome 2 occluded or not dorsally. Rostrum short.
Upper lip, apical lobes slightly asymmetric. Lower lip regular, inner lobes weak, narrowly sloped. Molar of both left and right mandibles columnar, with strongly ridged grinding surface, with medial molar plumose seta; left lacinia multidentate, right lacinia blade-like; row of raker setae short, with 4–7 pectinate blades; palp large. Maxilla 1, outer plate with 9 apical strong pectinate setae (spine-like setae), inner plate with 2 stout setae. Maxilla 2, inner plate with 2 strong submarginal and subapical setae. Maxilliped, inner plate with 2–4 small apical spiniform setae; palp segment 3 not produced distally, dactyl slender, slightly curved, not pectinated.
Gnathopods 1 & 2 medium, similar in form, carpus shorter than propodus, palmar margin oblique, without submedial tooth.
Pereopods 5–7, basis broadened, rounded behind, hind margin weakly serrate, basis 5 broadened in distal half, basis 6 and 7 broadened in proximal half. Epimeral plates 1–3, hind corners slightly acuminate, not produced. Telson keeled proximally, apex rounded.
Distribution. Marine waters of boreal part of Pacific Ocean.
Remarks. Subfamily Eosymtinae is close to Pleusymtinae Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994 but differs from the latter as follows: lower lip, outer lobes slightly apart, inner lobes weak, narrowly sloped. Mandible, left and right molars with medial molar plumose seta; right lacinia present, blade-like. Maxilla 1, inner plate with two apical setae. Maxilla 2, inner plate with two marginal plumose setae. Maxilliped, inner plate with 2–4 small apical spiniform setae. Epimeral plates 1–3, posterior corners slightly acuminate, not produced.
description: Published as part of Labay, Vjacheslav S., 2022, Review of amphipods of the family Pleustidae Buchholz, 1874 (Amphipoda) from the coastal waters of Sakhalin Island (Far East of Russia). II. Subfamily Eosymtinae Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994, pp. 547-562 in Zootaxa 5125 (5) on page 548, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5125.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6457368
Dorisiana sutori Sueur
Creators: name: SUEUR, JÉRÔME
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Dorisiana
Dorisiana sutori

description: DORISIANA SUTORI (FIG. 6)
Main traits of the sound communication of this species have already been described in Sueur (2000).
Seasonal rhythm. From March to May, end of the dry season.
Nycthemeral rhythm. From about 8.00 a.m. to 6.15 p.m.
Calling site and calling posture. Called on trunks or principal stems at heights of 5 m and up to the higher strata. During calling, males raised and moved their abdomen vertically and slightly lifted their wings.
Calling song. A long succession (10–45 min) of uniform echemes each composed of two syllables (A, B) with equal duration (length of syllable A: 0.027s ± 1.4 (0.024 –0.029, 35); length of syllable B: 0.027s ± 2.7 (0.020 –0.033, 35)) but with very distinct spectral features. Syllable A was sharply tuned with a dominant peak at about 2700 Hz. In contrast, syllable B was characterized with a broad high frequency band with the successive frequency bands of 2700 Hz, 4900 Hz, 5700 Hz, 6900 Hz, 8000 Hz and 17900Hz. Pulses of part A were fused while pulses of part B were produced at about 500 Hz repetition rate. Recorded at 40 m with obstacles, part B was almost completely degraded while the part A was poorly degraded.
Behaviour. Solitary, called once and flew to another calling site.
description: Published as part of SUEUR, JÉRÔME, 2002, Cicada acoustic communication: potential sound partitioning in a multispecies community from Mexico (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cicadidae), pp. 379-394 in Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 75 (3) on page 384, DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2002.tb02079.x, http://zenodo.org/record/8225873
Caccothryptus chayuensis Yoshitomi, 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Yoshitomi, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Limnichidae
Caccothryptus
Caccothryptus chayuensis

description: Caccothryptus chayuensis sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 43136CDF-3F5C-4AD4-A7DC-3F57299013EC
Figs 1D, 3 E–I
Diagnosis
Larger species in the genus; TL = 5.90 mm in male; median lobe minutely serrate in ventral part; apical emargination of parameres V-shaped.
Etymology
The species is named after the type locality.
Material examined
Holotype
TIBET: ♂ (EUMJ), “ Cha Yu, 1824m S.E. Tibet 9-IX-1996 C. I. Li leg.”.
Description
Male
Body oblong, convex strongly in dorsal and slightly in ventral parts, shiny, densely covered with short silver setae. Coloration of body dark brown, but femora and tarsi paler.
Head convex dorsally, densely covered with fine punctures. Antennae relatively long, reaching about proximal 1/5 of elytra. Pronotum punctate as in head; PW / PL 2.04. Scutellar shield equilateral triangular, finely punctate, lateral margins straight. Elytra oblong, subparallel-sided near base to apical 1/4, gently tapering in apical 1/4, relatively pointed at apex, sparsely and irregularly punctate; space between punctures larger than their diameter; adpressed silver setae forming zigzag markings; humeral parts distinctly convex dorsally; EL / EW 1.50, EL / PL 4.17, EW / PW 1.36, TL / EW 1.86. Each claw on foreleg of same size and shape.
Sternite VIII (Fig. 3H) U-shaped, bearing short setae in apical parts. Sternite IX (Fig. 3I) elongate, with long and slender lateral projections. Aedeagus (Fig. 3 E–G) slender, slightly curved ventrally, finely punctate in apical part of median lobe and parameres; median lobe wide in lateral view, rather pointed at apex, minutely serrate in ventral part; apical emargination of parameres V-shaped; apices of parameres pointed in ventral view, forming thumb-like projection in lateral view.
Female
Unknown.
Measurements
Male (n = 1): TL 5.9 mm, PW 2.35 mm, PL 1.15 mm, EL 4.80 mm, EW 3.20 mm.
Distribution
Only known from the type locality, Tibet.
Remarks
This species belongs to the testudo species group (sensu Hernando & Ribera 2014). It is related to C. fujianensis Hernando & Ribera, 2014 known from China (Fujian), C. malickyi Hernando & Ribera, 2014 from Vietnam and C. jendeki Hernando & Ribera, 2014 from India, but differs from them in the following characteristics: median lobe with minute serrae in the ventral part, pointed at apex; emargination of parameres rather shallow.
description: Published as part of Yoshitomi, Hiroyuki, 2015, Four new species of the genus Caccothryptus (Coleoptera, Limnichidae), pp. 1-17 in European Journal of Taxonomy 147 on pages 10-11, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2015.147, http://zenodo.org/record/3787532
Caccothryptus tibetanus Yoshitomi, 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Yoshitomi, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Limnichidae
Caccothryptus
Caccothryptus tibetanus

description: Caccothryptus tibetanus sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3CE4012A-96D7-4568-9DB7-F2175F0B1278
Figs 1C, 3 A–D, 4E–F
Diagnosis
Medium size in the genus; TL = 4.65 mm in male, 4.40–4.70 mm in female; apical emargination of parameres deeply U-shaped.
Etymology
The species is named after the type locality.
Material examined
Holotype
TIBET: ♂ (EUMJ), “ Cha Yu, 1824 m S.E. Tibet 9-IX-1996 C. I. Li leg.”.
Paratypes
TIBET: 3 ♀♀ (EUMJ, NMW), same data as for the holotype.
Description
Male
Body oblong, convex strongly in dorsal and slightly in ventral parts, shiny, densely covered with short silver setae. Coloration of body dark brown, but femora and tarsi paler.
Head slightly convex dorsally, densely covered with fine punctures. Antennae relatively long, reaching about proximal 1/5 of elytra. Pronotum punctate as in head; PW / PL 2.10. Scutellar shield equilateral triangular, finely punctate, lateral margins straight. Elytra oblong, subparallel-sided near base to apical 1/4, gently tapering in apical 1/4, densely and regularly punctate; space between punctures smaller than their diameter; adpressed silver setae forming zigzag markings; apex relatively pointed; humeral parts
distinctly projecting dorsally; EL / EW 1.40, EL / PL 3.65, EW / PW 1.24, TL / EW 1.79. Each claw on forelegs of same size and shape.
Sternite IX (Fig. 3D) elongate, with long and slender lateral projections.Aedeagus (Fig. 3 A–C; basal part somewhat damaged) stout, curved ventrally in apical part, finely punctate in apical part of median lobe and parameres; median lobe slender in lateral view, pointed at apex; apical emargination of parameres deeply U-shaped; apices of parameres pointed in ventral and lateral views.
Female
Sexual dimorphism indistinct; PW / PL 1.98–2.08 (2.02), EL / EW 1.32–1.42 (1.37), EL / PL 3.40–3.76 (3.62), EW / PW 1.24–1.35 (1.31), TL / EW 1.68–1.80 (1.76). Ovipositor (Fig. 4F) well sclerotized; coxite closely punctuate, pointed at apices, about 1.03 times as long as spiculum ventrally (Fig. 4E); approximate ratio of coxite and baculus (n = 1) 1.0: 3.41.
Measurements
Male (n = 1): TL 4.65 mm, PW 2.10 mm, PL 1.00 mm, EL 3.65 mm, EW 2.60 mm.
Females (n = 3): TL 4.40–4.70 (4.59) mm, PW 1.95–2.08 (2.00) mm, PL 0.98–1.00 (0.99) mm, EL 3.40–3.70 (3.59) mm, EW 2.45–2.80 (2.62) mm.
Distribution
Only known from the type locality, Tibet.
Remarks
This species belongs to the testudo species group (sensu Hernando & Ribera 2014). It is related to C. sinensis, but differs from it in having the median lobe straightly projecting posteriorly, and the emargination of parameres somewhat wider.
description: Published as part of Yoshitomi, Hiroyuki, 2015, Four new species of the genus Caccothryptus (Coleoptera, Limnichidae), pp. 1-17 in European Journal of Taxonomy 147 on pages 7-10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2015.147, http://zenodo.org/record/3787532
Fidicinoides picea
Creators: name: SUEUR, JÉRÔME
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Fidicinoides
Fidicinoides picea

description: FIDICINOIDES PICEA (FIG. 7)
Seasonal rhythm. From March to May, end of the dry season.
Nycthemeral rhythm. From 6.30 a.m. to 7.40 p.m. with higher activity at dawn and dusk.
Calling site and calling posture. Inhabited the canopy, on trunks and primary stems. Vertical movements of the abdomen coincided with amplitude modulations.
Calling song. Began with a first part (A) lasting 18.23s ± 3.00 (14.82–22.93, 7) and consisting of a succession of echemes whose length decreased and repetition rate increased such that they aggregated and produced a final, long whistling (part B) which lasted up to several minutes and had a low amplitude modulation of 10 Hz. Echemes of part A were composed of groups of three pulses emitted with an increasing repetition rate and amplitude. Part B was made of the same pulses but without grouping. Pulses of both parts were produced at 200 Hz repetition rate. The song was sharply tuned with a frequency band at about 3270 Hz.
Behaviour. Gregarious: individuals observed at low altitude and at low density sang approximately two times (1.73 ± 1.33, 1–6, 15) and then flew to another calling site. It is not known if this behaviour occurred in the canopy where the density was higher. During intensive activity, calling males produced loud choruses with synchronization of the whistling.
description: Published as part of SUEUR, JÉRÔME, 2002, Cicada acoustic communication: potential sound partitioning in a multispecies community from Mexico (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cicadidae), pp. 379-394 in Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 75 (3) on page 385, DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2002.tb02079.x, http://zenodo.org/record/8225873
Fidicinoides pronoe
Creators: name: SUEUR, JÉRÔME
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Fidicinoides
Fidicinoides pronoe

description: FIDICINOIDES PRONOE (FIG. 8)
Seasonal rhythm. From March to May, end of the dry season.
Nycthemeral rhythm. From 6.25 a.m. to 20.00 p.m. with higher activity at dawn and dusk. A short and low chorus was heard during the night of 24 April 2000.
Calling site and calling posture. Inhabited the upper strata, on primary stems and trunks. Vertical movements of the abdomen coincided with amplitude modulations.
Calling song. The sequence began with a regular succession of 46 ± 25.54 (28–160, 46) echemes (part A). The call ended with a whistle of less than 20 s (part B), which was sometimes omitted at low density. Both parts might alternate without silent periods. The song was sharply tuned with a frequency band at about 4050 Hz. Sounds were made of pairs of damped pulses emitted at 200 Hz. Pulses were therefore produced at 400 Hz.
Behaviour. Solitary, static at low density and mobile at high density. Did not synchronize their calling songs. A male witnessed approaching a female produced only part A.
description: Published as part of SUEUR, JÉRÔME, 2002, Cicada acoustic communication: potential sound partitioning in a multispecies community from Mexico (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cicadidae), pp. 379-394 in Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 75 (3) on pages 385-386, DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2002.tb02079.x, http://zenodo.org/record/8225873
Longchuanacris
Creators: name: Mao, Ben-Yong
name: Niu, Yao
name: Ou, Xiao-Hong
name: Zheng, Zhe-Min
name: Scott, Matthew B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Baissogryllidae
Longchuanacris

description: Key to the male of species of Longchuanacris
1 Furculae with apex broadly rounded or roughly flat, width near apex broader than or equal to that at base................ 2
- Furculae with apex acute, width near apex distinctly narrower than that at base..................................... 3
2 Hind femora yellowish green with an orange-red ring before knee; furculae with apical margin smooth...... L. macrofurcula
- Hind femora greenish yellow without any colour ring before knee; furculae with preapical-inner angle forward curved as a styliform projection (Figs. 1–2)............................................................ L. lobata, sp. nov.
3 Furculae with width between outer margins at base narrower than or nearly equal to half width of supra-anal plate (Fig. 7).. 4
- Furculae with width between outer margins at base somewhat broader than or nearly equal to width of supra-anal plate..... 5
4 Hind femora with a broad, red ring before knee..................................................... L. bidentata
- Hind femora without any colour ring before knee (Figs. 15–16).............................. L. microfurcula, sp. nov.
5 Furculae entirely upright, triangular, apex caudally directed............................................. L. virida
- Furculae with basal half transverse and upright, apical half cephalically directed......................... L. curvifurcula
description: Published as part of Mao, Ben-Yong, Niu, Yao, Ou, Xiao-Hong, Zheng, Zhe-Min & Scott, Matthew B., 2011, A taxonomic study of the genus Longchuanacris Zheng et Fu (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Catantopinae), with descriptions of two new species from Yunnan, China, pp. 51-61 in Zootaxa 3118 on page 53, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.206517
Eosymtinae Bousfield & Hendrycks 1994
Creators: name: Labay, Vjacheslav S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Pleustidae

description: Key to genera of Eosymtinae (from Labay 2018)
1. Coxae 1–3, posterodistal cusps multiple (2–5 in number); peduncular segment 1 of antenna 1 with strong anterodistal processes; dactylus of pereopods 3–7 at most 0.25 propodus (Figs. 1, 2)............................ Cognateosymtes Labay, 2018
- Coxae 1–3, posterodistal cusp single; peduncular segment 1 of antenna 1 without strong anterodistal processes; dactylus of pereopods 3–7 at leastst 0.45 propodus (Figs. 1, 2)........................... Eosymtes Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994
description: Published as part of Labay, Vjacheslav S., 2022, Review of amphipods of the family Pleustidae Buchholz, 1874 (Amphipoda) from the coastal waters of Sakhalin Island (Far East of Russia). II. Subfamily Eosymtinae Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994, pp. 547-562 in Zootaxa 5125 (5) on page 548, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5125.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6457368
Longchuanacris bidentata Zheng et Liang 1985
Creators: name: Mao, Ben-Yong
name: Niu, Yao
name: Ou, Xiao-Hong
name: Zheng, Zhe-Min
name: Scott, Matthew B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Baissogryllidae
Longchuanacris
Longchuanacris bidentata

description: Longchuanacris bidentata (Zheng et Liang, 1985)
Caryanda bidentata Zheng et Liang, 1985: 84 –85, Figs. 1–5; Yin, Shi & Yin 1996: 132; Li & Xia 2006: 140 –141, Figs. a–d. Longchuanacris bidentata (Zheng et Liang, 1985): Mao, Ren et Ou, 2007: 52, 53–54, Figs. 1–10, 49–50.
Materials examined. Eighteen males and 12 females, CHINA: Pianma, Lushui County, Yunnan Province, 26º00’ N, 98º30’ E, 1900 m, 23 Jul. 2005, collected by Benyong Mao, Jishan Xu and Haibo Pu; 29 males and 17 females, same locality, 26º01’ N, 98º37’ E, 1747 m, 23 Jul. 2010, collected by Ya-zhi Zhang. Specimens are deposited in the College of Agriculture and Biology, Dali University (CADU), Yunnan Province, China.
Distribution. China: Yunnan (Lushui).
description: Published as part of Mao, Ben-Yong, Niu, Yao, Ou, Xiao-Hong, Zheng, Zhe-Min & Scott, Matthew B., 2011, A taxonomic study of the genus Longchuanacris Zheng et Fu (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Catantopinae), with descriptions of two new species from Yunnan, China, pp. 51-61 in Zootaxa 3118 on page 56, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.206517
Eosymtes Bousfield & Hendrycks 1994
Creators: name: Labay, Vjacheslav S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Pleustidae
Eosymtes

description: Genus Eosymtes Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994
Eosymtes Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994: 43.— Hendrycks & Bousfield 2004: 49.
Type species. Eosymtes minutus Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994.
Species. Including the new species described here, Eosymtes contains two species: E. minutus Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994; E. magnumoculis sp. nov.
Diagnosis (from Bousfield & Hendrycks 1994 with additions). Body smooth. Rostrum short. Lateral head lobe rounded. Eyes rounded or reniform. Antenna 1, peduncle 1 without antero-distal process. Antenna 2, peduncular segments 4 and 5 setose.
Mandible, row of raker setae short, with 4–7 pectinate blades; left lacinia 6–7-dentate; right lacinia blade-like. Maxilla 1, inner plate with two stout plumose apical setae. Maxilla 2, inner plate with two strong submarginal setae. Maxilliped, inner plate with 2–4 apical button spine-like setae; palp segment 3 not produced distally, broadened, dactylus slender, curved, micro-pectinate.
Coxal plates 1–4 medium, increasing posteriorly; posterodistally with one small cusp. Coxal gills medium, sac-like.
Pereopods 1 & 2 (gnathopods 1 & 2) medium, subsimilar; carpus shorter than propodus, posterodistal lobe shallow; palmar margin of propodus oblique, without medium tooth.
Pereopods 3–7 slender, medium long, dactylus elongate. Pereopods 5–7, coxae shallow, lobes rounded; bases broadly rounded behind, increasing in size posteriorly, hind margin serrate.
Epimeral plates 1–3, posterior corners acuminate, not produced. Uropod 3 slender, outer ramus not more than 2/3 the length of the inner ramus.
Telson linguiform, apex subtruncate or rounded, incised; with proximal keel.
Distribution. Marine waters of boreal part of Pacific Ocean (Bousfield & Hendrycks 1994, Hendrycks & Bousfield 2004, Labay 2018).
Relationships. Eosymtes differs from Cognateosymtes by the following combination of character states (Figs. 1, 2): antenna 1, peduncular segment 1 without strong anterodistal processes; coxae 1–3, posterodistal cusps posterodistally with one small cusp, not multiple; maxilliped, palp segment 2 linear, inner margin densely setose; dactylus of pereopods 3–7 medium in length (Labay 2018).
Remarks. Labay (2018) pointed out as one of the signs the setulation of outer and inner plates of maxilla 2: “ Cognateosymtes differs from Eosymtes by … outer and inner plates of maxilla 2 with numerous apical setae”. The following description of the new species Eosymtes magnumoculis sp. nov. shows that this feature is invalid.
description: Published as part of Labay, Vjacheslav S., 2022, Review of amphipods of the family Pleustidae Buchholz, 1874 (Amphipoda) from the coastal waters of Sakhalin Island (Far East of Russia). II. Subfamily Eosymtinae Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994, pp. 547-562 in Zootaxa 5125 (5) on pages 548-549, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5125.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6457368
Pagaronia protecta
Creators: name: Kamitani, Satoshi
name: Higuchi, Toshiyuki
name: Okudera, Shigeru
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Pagaronia
Pagaronia protecta

description: Key to species (males) of the protecta -group
1. Pronotum and clavus of fore wing nigrescent; head with obscure fuscous spot on tip of frontoclypeus (see Fig. 40 in Hayashi & Yoshida 1995).............................................................................. P. conformata
- Median line of posterior margin of fore wing obscured or sometimes immaculate; pronotum immaculate; head without black spot on tip........................................................................................... 2
2. Ventral projection of aedeagal shaft long and spinelike (Fig. 55).......................................... P. s p i n o s a
- Ventral projection tectiform (Figs. 12–13, 23, 35, 41–43, 50)................................................... 3
3. Inner pygofer process not forked (Fig. 47)................................................. P. lanceolata sp. nov.
- Inner pygofer process bifurcated or trifurcated (Figs. 9–11, 19–20, 31–32, 40)..................................... 4
4. Inner pygofer process trifurcated (Fig. 40).......................................................... P. tridens
- Inner pygofer process bifurcated (Figs. 9–11, 19–20, 31–32)................................................... 5
5. Apex of style not exceeding half length of subgenital plate; pygofer lobe narrowed basally with ventral margin strongly sinuate (Fig. 8)..................................................................................... P. protecta
- Apex of style not exceeding 2/3 times length of subgenital plate; pygofer lobe narrowed basally with ventral margin weakly sinuate (Figs. 18, 30).................................................................................. 6
6. Aedeagal shaft narrow in lateral view, and weakly recurved dorsad; ventral projection larger than shaft (Fig. 23)............................................................................................. P. totoumiensis sp. nov.
- Aedeagal shaft wide in lateral view, and almost straight; ventral projection shorter than shaft (Fig. 35).. P. dichotoma sp. nov.
description: Published as part of Kamitani, Satoshi, Higuchi, Toshiyuki & Okudera, Shigeru, 2012, Taxonomic study of the protecta - group in the genus Pagaronia Ball (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Evacanthinae) from Japan, pp. 1-15 in Zootaxa 3343 on pages 2-3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211829
Longchuanacris virida Mao et Ou 2007
Creators: name: Mao, Ben-Yong
name: Niu, Yao
name: Ou, Xiao-Hong
name: Zheng, Zhe-Min
name: Scott, Matthew B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Baissogryllidae
Longchuanacris
Longchuanacris virida

description: Longchuanacris virida Mao et Ou, 2007
Caryanda macrofurcula Mao et Ou, 2000: 182 –184, Figs. 1–4.
Longchuanacris virida Mao et Ou, 2007: In: Mao, Ren et Ou, 2007: 52, 55–56, Figs. 11–12, 53–54.
Materials examined. Twenty one males and 12 females, CHINA: Mt. Laifengshan, Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, 25º00’ N, 98º30’ E, 1750 m, 25 Jul. 1999, collected by Benyong Mao, Jishan Xu and Zizhong Yang; 3 males and 1 female, CHINA: Taibao Park, Baoshan County, Yunnan Province, 25º06’ N, 99º06’ E, 1750 m, 26 Jul. 1999, collected by Benyong Mao; 1 males, CHINA: Fengyi, Dali, Yunnan Province, 25º30’ N, 100º18’ E, 1970 m, 2 Aug. 1999, collected by Zizhong Yang; 1 male and 1 female, CHINA: Ruili, Yunnan Province, 1200 m, 29 Jul. 2006, collected by Biao Liu; 3 males and 1 female, CHINA: Tuanjie, Yunlong County, Yunnan Province, 2000 m, 7 Jul. 2007, collected by Jishan Xu. Specimens are deposited in CADU.
Distribution. China: Yunnan (Tengchong, Baoshan, Ruili, Dali, Yunlong).
description: Published as part of Mao, Ben-Yong, Niu, Yao, Ou, Xiao-Hong, Zheng, Zhe-Min & Scott, Matthew B., 2011, A taxonomic study of the genus Longchuanacris Zheng et Fu (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Catantopinae), with descriptions of two new species from Yunnan, China, pp. 51-61 in Zootaxa 3118 on page 58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.206517
Eosymtes minutus Bousfield & Hendrycks 1994
Creators: name: Labay, Vjacheslav S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Pleustidae
Eosymtes
Eosymtes minutus

description: Eosymtes minutus Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994.―By monotypy
Figures 1a, 2a, d, g, j, m, 3a, b
Eosymtes minutus Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994: 44–45, fig. 7.— Hendrycks & Bousfield 2004: 49–50, fig. 3.
Distribution: Known only from type locality, Pacific Ocean, Bering Sea, to the northeast of St. Lowrence Island from a depth of 20–33 m (Bousfield & Hendrycks 1994).
description: Published as part of Labay, Vjacheslav S., 2022, Review of amphipods of the family Pleustidae Buchholz, 1874 (Amphipoda) from the coastal waters of Sakhalin Island (Far East of Russia). II. Subfamily Eosymtinae Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994, pp. 547-562 in Zootaxa 5125 (5) on page 551, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5125.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6457368
Mesoscytina fistulae Lambkin, 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Lambkin, Kevin J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Progonocimicidae
Mesoscytina
Mesoscytina fistulae

description: Mesoscytina fistulae sp. nov.
(Figs 4–6)
Material. Holotype tegmen QM F58695 +, Mount Crosby Locality B, collected by K.J. Lambkin. Three paratype tegmina, Mount Crosby Locality B: QM F6980a/b+, F6985, F58696 +.?One other tegmen: Gayndah: QM F58697 +.
Description. Tegmen 7.6–7.7 mm long, 2.7–2.9 mm wide (holotype 7.6, 2.7), length/width 2.6–2.8; R slightly more angled basally than in type species, at this point costal space about as wide as space between R and M; RA strongly inclined; colour pattern of 4 transverse dark fasciae, a small one at the very base, then at ¼ length, ¾ length, and apically, the distal 2 joined posteriorly, possibly a couple of pale spots at apical margin (Fig. 4).
Notes. There is some variation in the orientation and basal connections of the apical parallel venation. All five specimens are almost identical in size and dimensions and therefore consistently stand apart as a group from the other larger or smaller species of the genus. The Gayndah specimen is tentatively referred to the species on the basis of its size and dimensions, but noting its similarity to M. australis in the gently curved base of R and associated broader costal space at this point (Fig.6). Because of its doubtful identity and different provenance and age, it is excluded from the type series. The species name derives from the Latin feminine noun, fistula, a water pipeline, and refers to the water supply pipeline which runs along the cutting where the Mount Crosby Formation shales are exposed at Locality B.
description: Published as part of Lambkin, Kevin J., 2016, Revision of the Scytinopteridae (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Scytinopteroidea) of the Queensland Triassic, pp. 580-590 in Zootaxa 4117 (4) on pages 583-584, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4117.4.9, http://zenodo.org/record/257444
Mycale jasoniae Lehnert, Stone & Heimler, 2006, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Lehnert, Helmut
name: Stone, Robert
name: Heimler, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Mycalidae
Mycale
Mycale jasoniae

description: Mycale jasoniae sp. nov.
(Fig. 14 a–f)
Material
Holotype: USNM 1084238 (51° 19.808' N, 179° 30.658' W, Amchitka Pass, 208 m depth, 0 3. 0 8. 2004).
Description
The holotype consists of two large and one small, yellow colored tubes (Fig. 14 a), basally connected. The surface is bulbous and the consistency rather soft, easily torn, fibrous. After freezing the specimen is now (Fig. 14 b), about 23 x 16 x 14 cm with irregularly distributed, conical processes. The color now is a darker yellow, with darker and lighter areas, some almost white. The specimen was attached to a cobble at the base.
Skeleton: The ectosome is a tangential arrangement of short spicule tracts and single spicules with many microscleres in between.The choanosome consists of rather short spicule tracts, 60–95 µm in diameter which are frequently branching off side tracts and are running in all directions. This pattern is obscured by many single mega­ and microscleres in between without any recognizable orientation.
Spicules: Megascleres are tylostyles (Fig. 14 c), 405–460 x 10–12 µm. Microscleres are anisochelae I (Figs. 14 d, e), 80–100 µm, anisochelae II (Fig. 14 f), 40–60 µm, rhaphides (Fig. 14 f), 42–65 µm.
Discussion
With its “mycalostyles”, two size categories of anisochelae and rhaphids this species has the characteristic spiculation of the genus Mycale. There are 17 species of Mycale known to occur in the area. M. jasoniae differs from all of them in the combination of two size categories of anisochelae with rhaphids. M. loveni (Fristedt, 1887) with its spicule set of tylostyles and two size categories of anisochelae is the most similar species. It differs from M. jasoniae in its stalked, funnel shaped growth, in lacking the rhaphids, in having tylostyles (350–509 x 13–16 µm) and large anisochelae (72–111 µm) of a larger size range and the small category of anisochelae (31–54 µm) is smaller. All other sympatric species of Mycale have sigmas among the microscleres or only one or three categories of anisochelae or have an additional category of microsclere. For a detailed comparison of all species of Mycale of the area with all spicule measurements included we refer to Lehnert, Stone & Heimler (2006: 20, table 4).
Distribution
Known only from the type locality.
description: Published as part of Lehnert, Helmut, Stone, Robert & Heimler, Wolfgang, 2006, New species of deep­sea demosponges (Porifera) from the Aleutian Islands (Alaska, USA), pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 1250 on pages 23-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.173010
Crossomeles aureopilis
Creators: name: Nearns, Eugenio H.
name: Swift, Ian P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Crossomeles
Crossomeles aureopilis

description: Crossomeles aureopilis (Fisher, 1953)
(Figures 4a–d, 5b, 5f, 5j)
Diagnosis and remarks. This species was originally described as Epimelitta aureopilis Fisher, 1953. This species can be separated from congeners by the elytra shorter, extending to about base of abdominal segment I, broadly rounded apically; metatibiae with dense brush of suberect setae; and genae about 1/2 as long as lower eye lobe. In male specimens examined, the eyes are narrowly separated in front by about 7 ommatidia, while in females they are widely separated by more than 20 ommatidia, or about 2/3 width of an eye lobe. Antennomeres VI –XI of both sexes with small, indistinct sensory pores on dorsal and ventral surface of each antennomere (not reported in original description). This species was described from 13 male specimens from Mexico (Veracruz).
Material examined. One male paratype: “Tolome, Ver., Mexico // July 4, 1941, C.H. Seevers // Epimelitta aureopilis Fisher, 1953 ” (NMNH); 3 males: “ MEXICO, Chiapas, 9-12 km N Arriaga, June 18-26, 1987, J.E. Wappes ” (ACMT); 1 male: “ Tolome, Ver., Mexico, VII.4.’41 // Col. by Henry S. Dybas // FMNHINS 4087808 FIELD MUSEUM pinned” (FMNH); 1 female: “ Tolome, Ver., Mexico, VII.4.’41 // Col. by Henry S. Dybas // FMNHINS 4087807 FIELD MUSEUM pinned” (FMNH); 1 female: “ Tolome, Ver., Mexico, VII.4.’41 // Epimelitta aureopilis Fisher det. J.A. Chemsak // FMNHINS 4087806 FIELD MUSEUM pinned” (FMNH); 1 female: “ MEX Jalisco, Chamela, vic UNAM, 9-19 VII-1993, JE Wappes” (ACMT); 1 female: “ Izamal Yucatan // col. & pres. By G.F. Gaumen // FMNHINS 4087809 FIELD MUSEUM pinned” (FMNH).
description: Published as part of Nearns, Eugenio H. & Swift, Ian P., 2022, Descriptions and new records in longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from Central America, pp. 39-48 in Zootaxa 5141 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6577702
Paranaitis Southern 1914
Creators: name: Oliveira, Verônica Maria De
name: Jacobsen, Danny Eibye
name: Lana, Paulo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Phyllodocida
Phyllodocidae
Paranaitis

description: Genus Paranaitis Southern, 1914
Type speCies Paranaitis wahlbergi (Malmgren, 1865)
description: Published as part of Oliveira, Verônica Maria De, Jacobsen, Danny Eibye & Lana, Paulo, 2018, Four new species of Paranaitis Southern, 1914 (Phyllodocidae, Annelida) from southern and southeastern Brazil, pp. 120-136 in Zootaxa 4444 (2) on page 123, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/1309536
Eosymtes Bousfield & Hendrycks 1994
Creators: name: Labay, Vjacheslav S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Pleustidae
Eosymtes

description: Key to species of the genus Eosymtes Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994
1. The eyes are small, less than 1/3 of the head height; peduncle and rami of uropods 1–3 with few marginal short spine-like setae (fig. 1a, 3a, b)................................................. Eosymtes minutus Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994
2. The eyes are large, more than 1/3 of the head height; peduncle and rami of uropods 1–3 with numerous marginal short spine-like setae (fig. 1b, 3e, d, c)....................................................... Eosymtes magnumoculis sp. nov.
description: Published as part of Labay, Vjacheslav S., 2022, Review of amphipods of the family Pleustidae Buchholz, 1874 (Amphipoda) from the coastal waters of Sakhalin Island (Far East of Russia). II. Subfamily Eosymtinae Bousfield & Hendrycks, 1994, pp. 547-562 in Zootaxa 5125 (5) on page 558, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5125.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6457368
Mesoscytina Tillyard 1919
Creators: name: Lambkin, Kevin J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Progonocimicidae
Mesoscytina

description: Mesoscytina Tillyard, 1919
Mesoscytina Tillyard, 1919: 871.
Triassoscarta Tillyard, 1919: 874. Syn. nov.
Type species. Mesoscytina australis Tillyard, 1919, by original designation.
Diagnostic characters. Tegmen approximately 6–11 mm long and no more than 3 times longer than wide, distinctly punctate basally, less so apically; apical venation indistinct; costal fracture well developed; R curved basally, then more or less straight; M with 3 apical branches.
Notes. The type species of Mesoscytina and Triassoscarta are synonyms. As both generic names were established in the same paper, as first reviser (ICZN Article 24), I have chosen Mesoscytina as the senior synonym on the grounds that its type specimen is better preserved. The type specimen of Triassoscarta subcostalis Tillyard, the type species of Triassoscarta, has poorly preserved apical venation (see photograph at page 37 of Jell 2004), but otherwise exactly matches M. australis. This match plus the fact that it is also from Denmark Hill are considered as sufficient grounds for the synonymy.
description: Published as part of Lambkin, Kevin J., 2016, Revision of the Scytinopteridae (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Scytinopteroidea) of the Queensland Triassic, pp. 580-590 in Zootaxa 4117 (4) on page 582, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4117.4.9, http://zenodo.org/record/257444
Latrunculia occulta Lehnert, Stone & Heimler, 2006, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Lehnert, Helmut
name: Stone, Robert
name: Heimler, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Latrunculiidae
Latrunculia
Latrunculia occulta

description: Latrunculia occulta sp. nov.
(Fig. 17 a–b)
Description
Thinly encrusting on Chondrocladia concrescens. Not detectable by the unaided eye.
Surface smooth, same whitish colour as Chondrocladia (in ethanol). No styles detected. This species was observed as a very thin encrustation with a thickness of only a unispicular layer of anisodiscorhabds on the Chondrocladia. All discorhabds are, as in the previous species, arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the surface. The discorhabds measure 42–54 µm and are almost smooth and rounded. The discs of the discorhabds do not consist, as in all other species, of a row of large spines but are two solid discs, their margins only slightly acanthose (Fig. 17 a, b). The ends of the spicule are two differently sized spheres which are again slightly acanthose. The rather complicated terminology of the anisodiscorhabds (i.e. a succession of manubrium, median whorl, subsidiary whorl, apical whorl and apex) does not really apply to this species. One whorl is missing, either the manubrium and the median whorl are fused to the small sphere or the apical whorl and the apex are fused to build the large sphere.
Discussion
This is the only species of Latrunculia which is living epizoic on another sponge and the only species recorded which is lacking megascleres completely. Several spicule preparations taken from different areas of the Chondrocladia confirmed the complete lack of styles and the unusual shape of the discorhabds. If there were other spicule types present they always originated from the Chondrocladia. It furthermore differs from all known species in the smooth appearance of the discorhabds and a reduced number of whorls. The discorhabds have a small sphere as manubrium, slightly acanthose on top, which is followed by relatively long shaft. The median and subsidiary whorl are both solid discs; not notched as in other species. The apical whorl and the apex are not distinguishable and form a larger oval body. (A possible alternative interpretation of the spicule is given in the description). Like L. velera, L. occulta is known from deep water only.
Distribution
Known only from the type locality.
Etymology
The species name — occulta — is derived from lat. occultus — hidden, unnoticed, secret, referring to the almost invisible growth form of this species.
description: Published as part of Lehnert, Helmut, Stone, Robert & Heimler, Wolfgang, 2006, New species of deep­sea demosponges (Porifera) from the Aleutian Islands (Alaska, USA), pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 1250 on pages 30-32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.173010