cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simulating three-dimensional nonthermal high-energy photon emission in colliding-wind binaries
Creators: name: Reitberger, K.
name: Kissmann, R.
name: Reimer, A.
name: Reimer, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive stars in binary systems have long been regarded as potential sources of high-energy gamma rays.The emission is principally thought to arise in the region where the stellar winds collide and accelerate relativistic particles which ubsequently emit gamma rays. On the basis of a three-dimensional distribution function of high-energy particles in the wind collision region - as obtained by a numerical hydrodynamics and particle transport model - we present the computation of the three-dimensional nonthermal photon emission for a given line of sight. Anisotropic inverse Compton emission is modelled using the target radiation field of both stars. Photons from relativistic bremsstrahlung and neutral pion decay are computed on the basis of local wind plasma densities. We also consider photon photon opacity effects due to the dense radiation fields of the stars. Results are shown for different stellar separations of a given binary system comprising of a B star and a Wolf-Rayet star. The influence of orbital orientation with respect to the line of sight is also studied by using different orbital viewing angles. For the chosen electron-proton injection ratio of 0.01, we present the ensuing photon emission in terms of two-dimensional projections maps, spectral energy distributions and integrated photon flux values in various energy bands. Here, we find a transition from hadron-dominated to lepton-dominated high-energy emission with increasing stellar separations. In addition, we confirm findings from previous analytic modeling that the spectral energy distribution varies significantly with orbital orientation.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Chiral Primaries in Strange Metals
Creators: name: Isachenkov, Mikhail
name: Kirsch, Ingo
name: Schomerus, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was suggested recently that the study of 1-dimensional QCD with fermions in the adjoint representation could lead to an interesting toy model for strange metals and their holographic formulation. In the high density regime, the infrared physics of this theory is described by a constrained free fermion theory with an emergent {\cal N}=(2,2) superconformal symmetry. In order to narrow the choice of potential holographic duals, we initiate a systematic search for chiral primaries in this model. We argue that the bosonic part of the superconformal algebra can be extended to a coset chiral algebra of the form {\cal W}_N =\SO(2N^2-2)_1/\SU(N)_{2N}. In terms of this algebra the spectrum of the low energy theory decomposes into a finite number of sectors which are parametrized by special necklaces. We compute the corresponding characters and partition functions and determine the set of chiral primaries for N \leq 5.
description: 42 pages, 5 figures
Co-Design of Approximate Multilayer Perceptron for Ultra-Resource Constrained Printed Circuits
Creators: name: Armeniakos, Giorgos
name: Zervakis, Georgios
name: Soudris, Dimitrios
name: Tahoori, Mehdi B.
name: Henkel, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Printed Electronics (PE) exhibits on-demand, extremely low-cost hardware due to its additive manufacturing process, enabling machine learning (ML) applications for domains that feature ultra-low cost, conformity, and non-toxicity requirements that silicon-based systems cannot deliver. Nevertheless, large feature sizes in PE prohibit the realization of complex printed ML circuits. In this work, we present, for the first time, an automated printed-aware software/hardware co-design framework that exploits approximate computing principles to enable ultra-resource constrained printed multilayer perceptrons (MLPs). Our evaluation demonstrates that, compared to the state-of-the-art baseline, our circuits feature on average 6x (5.7x) lower area (power) and less than 1% accuracy loss.
description: Accepted for publication by IEEE Transactions on Computers, February 2023
Strong Gravitational Lensing in Horndeski theory
Creators: name: Bessa, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we build the general formalism of gravitational lensing in luminal Horndeski theories, deriving the Jacobi matrix equation and the general angular diameter distance in these theories through the screen space formalism. We generalize the focusing and multiple lensing theorems to include Scalar Tensor theories belonging to the class and derive constraints they must satisfy to exhibit the same gravitional lensing behavior predicted by General Relativity. This provides a way to test theories through Strong Lensing effects, as well as a full theoretical framework for testing lensing in these theories. We find that for some subclasses, like metric $f(R)$ and unified $k$-essence, the conditions are satisified in general physical cases, while for others like Galileon Condensate models, the conditions impose constraints on the parameter space of the theory.
description: 10 pages, accepted for publication in PRD. Includes small corrections to the accepted that do not alter the content of the text
On the structure of the transition disk around TW Hya
Creators: name: Menu, J.
name: van Boekel, R.
name: Henning, T.
name: Chandler, C. J.
name: Linz, H.
name: Benisty, M.
name: Lacour, S.
name: Min, M.
name: Waelkens, C.
name: Andrews, S. M.
name: Calvet, N.
name: Carpenter, J. M.
name: Corder, S. A.
name: Deller, A. T.
name: Greaves, J. S.
name: Harris, R. J.
name: Isella, A.
name: Kwon, W.
name: Lazio, J.
name: Bouquin, J. -B. Le
name: Ménard, F.
name: Mundy, L. G.
name: Pérez, L. M.
name: Ricci, L.
name: Sargent, A. I.
name: Storm, S.
name: Testi, L.
name: Wilner, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For over a decade, the structure of the inner cavity in the transition disk of TW Hydrae has been a subject of debate. Modeling the disk with data obtained at different wavelengths has led to a variety of proposed disk structures. Rather than being inconsistent, the individual models might point to the different faces of physical processes going on in disks, such as dust growth and planet formation. Our aim is to investigate the structure of the transition disk again and to find to what extent we can reconcile apparent model differences. A large set of high-angular-resolution data was collected from near-infrared to centimeter wavelengths. We investigated the existing disk models and established a new self-consistent radiative-transfer model. A genetic fitting algorithm was used to automatize the parameter fitting. Simple disk models with a vertical inner rim and a radially homogeneous dust composition from small to large grains cannot reproduce the combined data set. Two modifications are applied to this simple disk model: (1) the inner rim is smoothed by exponentially decreasing the surface density in the inner ~3 AU, and (2) the largest grains (>100 um) are concentrated towards the inner disk region. Both properties can be linked to fundamental processes that determine the evolution of protoplanetary disks: the shaping by a possible companion and the different regimes of dust-grain growth, respectively. The full interferometric data set from near-infrared to centimeter wavelengths requires a revision of existing models for the TW Hya disk. We present a new model that incorporates the characteristic structures of previous models but deviates in two key aspects: it does not have a sharp edge at 4 AU, and the surface density of large grains differs from that of smaller grains. This is the first successful radiative-transfer-based model for a full set of interferometric data.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Scale-dependent theory of the disordered electron liquid
Creators: name: Finkel'stein, A. M.
name: Schwiete, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the scaling theory of disordered itinerant electrons with e-e interactions. We first show how to adjust the microscopic Fermi-liquid theory to the presence of disorder. Then we describe the non-linear sigma model (NLSM) with interactions (Finkel'stein's model). This model is closely connected to the Fermi liquid, but is more generally applicable, since it can also be viewed as a minimal effective functional describing disordered interacting electrons. Our discussion emphasizes the general structure of the theory, and the connection of the scaling parameters to conservation laws. We then move on to discuss the metal-insulator transition (MIT) in the disordered electron liquid in two and three dimensions. This MIT is a non-trivial example of a quantum phase transition. The NLSM approach allows to identify the dynamical exponent connecting the spatial and energy scales, which is central for the description of the kinetic and thermodynamic behavior in the critical region of the MIT in three dimensions. In two dimensions, the system can be discussed in terms of a flow in the disorder-interaction phase plane, which is controlled by a fixed point. We demonstrate that the two-parameter RG-equations accurately describe electrons in Si-MOSFETs including the observed non-monotonic behavior of the resistance and its strong drop at low temperatures. The theory can also be applied to systems with an attractive interaction in the Cooper channel, where it describes the suppression of superconductivity in disordered amorphous films. We extend our discussion to heat transport in the two-dimensional electron liquid. Similar to the electric conductivity, the thermal conductivity also acquires logarithmic corrections induced by electron interaction and disorder. The resulting thermal conductivity can be calculated in the NLSM formalism after introducing so-called gravitational potentials.
description: 32 pages, 16 figures; prepared for the Annals of Physics special issue "Correlations and disorder" in memory of Konstantin B. Efetov; reference corrected
Science Peace Security '19 : Proceedings of the Interdisciplinary Conference on Technical Peace and Security Research : 25.-27.9.2019, Darmstadt, Germany
Creators: name: Reuter, Christian
name: Altmann, Jürgen
name: Göttsche, Malte Frederic
name: Himmel, Mirko
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2019

description: Interdisciplinary Conference on Technical Peace and Security, SPS, Darmstadt, Germany, 25 Sep 2019 - 27 Sep 2019; Darmstadt : TUprints 241 Seiten : Illustrationen (2019). doi:10.25534/TUPRINTS-00009164
description: Published by TUprints, Darmstadt
Is the effect of the Sun's gravitational potential on dark matter particles observable?
Creators: name: Bozorgnia, Nassim
name: Schwetz, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effect of the Sun's gravitational potential on the local phase space distribution of dark matter particles, focusing on its implication for the annual modulation signal in direct detection experiments. We perform a fit to the modulation signal observed in DAMA/LIBRA and show that the allowed region shrinks if Solar gravitational focusing (GF) is included compared to the one without GF. Furthermore, we consider a possible signal in a generic future direct detection experiment, irrespective of the DAMA/LIBRA signal. Even for scattering cross sections close to the current bound and a large exposure of a xenon target with 270 ton yr it will be hard to establish the presence of GF from data. In the region of dark matter masses below 40 GeV an annual modulation signal can be established for our assumed experimental setup, however GF is negligible for low masses. In the high mass region, where GF is more important, the significance of annual modulation itself is very low. We obtain similar results for lighter targets such as Ge and Ar. We comment also on inelastic scattering, noting that GF becomes somewhat more important for exothermic scattering compared to the elastic case.
description: 19 pages, 20 figures, 1 table, v2: added Fig. 3 for DAMA, and comments on light targets
Spin-Gravity Coupling in a Rotating Universe
Creators: name: Mashhoon, Bahram
name: Molaei, Masoud
name: Obukhov, Yuri N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling of intrinsic spin with the nonlinear gravitomagnetic fields of Goedel-type spacetimes is studied. We work with Goedel-type universes in order to show that the main features of spin-gravity coupling are independent of causality problems of the Goedel universe. The connection between the spin-gravitomagnetic field coupling and Mathisson's spin-curvature force is demonstrated in the Goedel-type universe. That is, the gravitomagnetic Stern--Gerlach force due to the coupling of spin with the gravitomagnetic field reduces in the appropriate correspondence limit to the classical Mathisson spin-curvature force.
description: 37 pages; v2: presentation improved, invited contribution to appear in Symmetry
Agrypnus desquamatus Hayek 1973
Creators: name: Kotru, Akash
name: Chandran, Nithya
name: Dubey, Anil Kumar
name: Prosvirov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Elateridae
Agrypnus
Agrypnus desquamatus

description: Agrypnus desquamatus (Candèze, 1857)
Lacon desquamatus Candèze, 1857: 124.
Adelocera desquamatus (Candèze) Fleutiaux, 1926: 96.
Agrypnus desquamatus (Candèze) Hayek, 1973: 149.
Type depository. Lectotype (BMNH).
Type locality. “Des Indes Orientales”.
Distribution. India: Exact distribution not known.
Literature. Candèze (1857: 124): original description; Fleutiaux (1926: 96): combination; Hayek (1973: 149): combination; Chakraborty and Chakrabarti (2000: 77): catalogue.
description: Published as part of Kotru, Akash, Chandran, Nithya, Dubey, Anil Kumar & Prosvirov, Alexander S., 2025, A catalogue of Indian Agrypninae Candèze, 1857 (Coleoptera: Elateridae), pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 5614 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5614.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/15217075
Observation of low-field Fano-Feshbach resonances in ultracold gases of dysprosium
Creators: name: Baumann, Kristian
name: Burdick, Nathaniel Q.
name: Lu, Mingwu
name: Lev, Benjamin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of resonance-like loss in the trap population of ultracold dysprosium as a function of magnetic field, which we attribute to anisotropy-induced Fano-Feshbach resonances arising from Dy's large magnetic dipole moment and nonzero electronic orbital angular momentum. We recorded these resonances for four different isotopes, three bosonic and one fermionic, over a field range of 0-6 G and show that the number of resonances changes significantly as a function of temperature, even in the nK regime. Most of the observed resonances are of very narrow width. The fermionic isotope, unlike its bosonic counterparts, possesses nonzero nuclear spin and exhibits a much higher density of resonances.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Near-infrared Polarization Charateristics of the Zodiacal Light Observed with DIRBE/COBE
Creators: name: Takimoto, Kohji
name: Matsuura, Shuji
name: Sano, Kei
name: Feder, Richard M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report near-infrared polarization of the zodiacal light (ZL) measured from space by the Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment (DIRBE) on board the Cosmic Background Explorer in photometric bands centered at 1.25, 2.2, and 3.5 $μ$m. To constrain the physical properties of interplanetary dust (IPD), we use DIRBE Weekly Sky Maps to investigate the solar elongation ($ε$), ecliptic latitude ($β$), and wavelength ($λ$) dependence of ZL polarization. We find that the polarization of the ZL varies as a function of $ε$ and $β$, consistent with observed polarization at $λ$ = 550 nm. While the polarization dependence with wavelength at $(ε$, $β)=(90^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ})$ is modest (increasing from 17.7 $\pm$ 0.2% at 1.25 $μ$m to 21.0 $\pm$ 0.3% at 3.5 $μ$m), the variation is more pronounced at the North Ecliptic Pole (23.1 $\pm$ 1.6, 35.1 $\pm$ 2.0 and 39.3 $\pm$ 2.1% at 1.25, 2.2 and 3.5 $μ$m, respectively). The variation of ZL polarization with wavelength is not explained by either Rayleigh scattering or by absorptive particles larger than 10 $μ$m.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, accepted by ApJ
Realizing Majorana Zero Modes by Proximity Effect between Topological Insulators and d-wave High-Temperature Superconductors
Creators: name: Li, Zi-Xiang
name: Chan, Cheung
name: Yao, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study superconducting proximity effect between a topological insulator (TI) and a high-temperature d-wave superconductor (dSC). When the TI-dSC heterostructure violates 90 degree-rotation and certain reflection symmetries, we show that a sizable s-wave pairing, coexisting with a d-wave one, emerges in the proximity-induced superconductivity in the TI's top surface states. Weak disorder further suppresses d-wave pairing but not s-wave one in the TI's surface states. More importantly, the pairing gap in surface states is found to be nodeless and nearly-isotropic when the Fermi pocket of surface states is relatively small. Our theoretical results qualitatively explain recent experimental evidences of a nearly-isotropic pairing gap on surface states of Bi_2Se_3 induced by proximity with high-T_c cuprate Bi_2Ca_2Cu_2O_{8+δ}. We also demonstrate convincing evidences of Majorana zero modes in a magnetic hc/2e vortex core, which may be detectable in future experiments.
description: 4.5 pages, 4 figures
Chern-Simons and RG Flows: Contact with Dualities
Creators: name: Amariti, Antonio
name: Klare, Claudius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contact terms in two point functions of global symmetry currents have recently been proposed as a check of Seiberg-like duality in three dimensional supersymmetric field theories. In this paper we compute the contact terms for various N=2 dual pairs in flat space. We show that the results of this computation agree with the ones obtained from localization. We study dual pairs of gauge theories with (anti-)fundamental matter fields, and some special examples of dual pairs with adjoint and antisymmetric matter fields. We also propose a duality between unitary and symplectic gauge theories.
description: 29 pages, minor corrections and one reference added
Properties of M31. IV: Candidate Luminous Blue Variables from PAndromeda
Creators: name: Lee, C. -H.
name: Seitz, S.
name: Kodric, M.
name: Riffeser, A.
name: Koppenhoefer, J.
name: Bender, R.
name: Snigula, J.
name: Hopp, U.
name: Goessl, C.
name: Bianchi, L.
name: Price, P. A.
name: Fraser, M.
name: Burgett, W.
name: Chambers, K. C.
name: Draper, P. W.
name: Flewelling, H.
name: Kaiser, N.
name: Kudritzki, R. -P.
name: Magnier, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a study on the optical and infrared photometric properties of known luminous blue variables (LBVs) in M31 using the sample of LBV candidates from the Local Group Galaxy Survey (Massey et al. 2007). We find that M31 LBV candidates show photometric variability ranging from 0.375 to 1.576 magnitudes in rP1 during a three year time-span observed by the Pan-STARRS 1 Andromeda survey (PAndromeda). Their near-infrared colors also follow the distribution of Galactic LBVs as shown by Oksala et al. (2013). We use these features as selection criteria to search for unknown LBV candidates in M31. We thus devise a method to search for candidate LBVs using both optical color from the Local Group Galaxy Survey and infrared color from Two Micron All Sky Survey, as well as photometric variations observed by PAndromeda. We find four sources exhibiting common properties of known LBVs. These sources also exhibit UV emission as seen from GALEX, which is one of the previously adopted method to search for LBV candidates. The locations of the LBVs are well aligned withM31 spiral arms as seen in the UV light, suggesting they are evolved stars at young age given their high-mass nature. We compare these candidates with the latest Geneva evolutionary tracks, which show that our new M31 LBV candidates are massive evolved stars with an age of 10 to 100 million years.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, ApJ in press
Newton force from wave function collapse: speculation and test
Creators: name: Diósi, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Diosi-Penrose model of quantum-classical boundary postulates gravity-related spontaneous wave function collapse of massive degrees of freedom. The decoherence effects of the collapses are in principle detectable if not masked by the overwhelming environmental decoherence. But the DP (or any other, like GRW, CSL) spontaneous collapses are not detectable themselves, they are merely the redundant formalism of spontaneous decoherence. To let DP collapses become testable physics, recently we extended the DP model and proposed that DP collapses are responsible for the emergence of the Newton gravitational force between massive objects. We identified the collapse rate, possibly of the order of 1/ms, with the rate of emergence of the Newton force. A simple heuristic emergence (delay) time was added to the Newton law of gravity. This non-relativistic delay is in peaceful coexistence with Einstein's relativistic theory of gravitation, at least no experimental evidence has so far surfaced against it. We derive new predictions of such a `lazy' Newton law that will enable decisive laboratory tests with available technologies. The simple equation of 'lazy' Newton law deserves theoretical and experimental studies in itself, independently of the underlying quantum foundational considerations.
description: 7pp, 7figs, based on talk at Int. Symp. on Emergent Quantum Mechanics (Vienna, Oct 3-6, 2013)
Determination of magnetic form factors for organic charge transfer salts: a first principles investigation
Creators: name: Salvat-Pujol, Francesc
name: Jeschke, Harald O.
name: Valenti, Roser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Organic charge transfer salts show a variety of complex phases ranging from antiferromagnetic long-range order, spin liquid, bad metal or even superconductivity. A powerful method to investigate magnetism is spin-polarized inelastic neutron scattering. However, such measurements have often been hindered in the past by the small size of available crystals as well as by the fact that the spin in these materials is distributed over molecular rather than atomic orbitals and good estimates for the magnetic form factors are missing. By considering Wannier functions obtained from density functional theory calculations, we derive magnetic form factors for a number of representative organic molecules. Compared to Cu2+, the form factors |F(q)|2 fall off more rapidly as function of q reflecting the fact that the spin density is very extended in real space. Form factors |F(q)|2 for TMTTF, BEDT-TTF and (BEDT-TTF)2 have anisotropic and nonmonotonic structure.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
An asymptotic analysis for a generalized Cahn--Hilliard system with fractional operators
Creators: name: Colli, Pierluigi
name: Gilardi, Gianni
name: Sprekels, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fractional operators
subject: Cahn--Hilliard systems
subject: asymptotic analysis
subject: 35K45
subject: 35K90
subject: 35R11
subject: 35B40

description: In a recent paper the same authors have proved existence, uniqueness and regularity results for a class of viscous and nonviscous Cahn--Hilliard systems of two operator equations in which nonlinearities of double-well type, like regular or logarithmic potentials, as well as nonsmooth potentials with indicator functions, were admitted. The operators appearing in the system equations are fractional powers in the spectral sense of general linear operators, which are densely defined, unbounded, selfadjoint, and monotone in the Hilbert space of square-integrable functions on a bounded and smooth three-dimensional domain, and have compact resolvents. Here, for the case of the viscous system, we analyze the asymptotic behavior of the solution as the fractional power coefficient of the second operator tends to zero. We prove convergence to a phase relaxation problem at the limit, and we also investigate this limiting problem, in which an additional term containing the projection of the phase variable on the kernel of the second operator appears.
clotFoam: An Open-Source Framework to Simulate Blood Clot Formation Under Arterial Flow
Creators: name: Montgomery, David
name: Municchi, Federico
name: Leiderman, Karin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blood clotting involves the coupled processes of platelet aggregation and coagulation. Simulating clotting under flow in complex geometries is challenging due to multiple temporal and spatial scales and high computational cost. clotFoam is an open-source software developed in OpenFOAM that employs a continuum model of platelet advection, diffusion, and aggregation in a dynamic fluid environment and a simplified coagulation model with proteins that advect, diffuse, and react within the fluid and with wall-bound species through reactive boundary conditions. Our framework provides the foundation on which one can build more complex models and perform reliable simulations in almost any computational domain.
description: Repository: https://github.com/d-montgomery/clotFoam
Sustainability in inhaled drug delivery for global health
Creators: name: MCARTHUR, ANDREW JOHN LESLIE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Industrial and organisational psychology (incl. human factors)
Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences not elsewhere classified
Powder and particle technology
Pharmaceutical delivery technologies
Pharmaceutical sciences

description: The overwhelming majority of maternal deaths occur in the world’s poorest countries. Severe haemorrhaging post-childbirth is the most common cause of maternal death but is preventable with an injection of oxytocin. However, barriers exist to the use of oxytocin in these low-resource health settings, and there is substantial unmet need for more accessible medicines that are cost-effective, high-quality and easy-to-use. An inhalable form of oxytocin presents an opportunity to reduce maternal mortality if it can be sustainably developed, manufactured and implemented. This thesis explores new methods to improve the sustainability of inhaled oxytocin by addressing affordability, useability and quality of inhaled drug delivery for global health applications.
On lines of constant polarisation in structured light beams
Creators: name: Barnett, Stephen M.
name: Speirits, Fiona C.
name: Goette, Joerg B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Skyrmion field lines, constructed from the local Stokes parameters, trace out lines of constant optical polarisation.
description: Updated version published in Europhysics Letters. Only minor changes
Point-contact spectroscopy of electron-phonon interaction in superconductors
Creators: name: Bobrov, N. L.
name: Khotkevich, A. V.
name: Kamarchuk, G. V.
name: Chubov, P. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility to reconstruct the electron-phonon interaction (EPI) function was demonstrated for S-c-N and S-c-S point contacts using the superconducting inelastic contribution to the excess current caused by Andreev reflection processes. Superconductors with both weak (Sn, Al) and strong (Pb, In) EPI were considered. It was shown that in the latter case it is necessary to account for the elastic component of current which is related to the frequency dependence of the superconducting energy gap arising due to electron-phonon renormalization of the energy spectrum of the superconductor.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
CMID: A Unified Self-Supervised Learning Framework for Remote Sensing Image Understanding
Creators: name: Muhtar, Dilxat
name: Zhang, Xueliang
name: Xiao, Pengfeng
name: Li, Zhenshi
name: Gu, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-supervised learning (SSL) has gained widespread attention in the remote sensing (RS) and earth observation (EO) communities owing to its ability to learn task-agnostic representations without human-annotated labels. Nevertheless, most existing RS SSL methods are limited to learning either global semantic separable or local spatial perceptible representations. We argue that this learning strategy is suboptimal in the realm of RS, since the required representations for different RS downstream tasks are often varied and complex. In this study, we proposed a unified SSL framework that is better suited for RS images representation learning. The proposed SSL framework, Contrastive Mask Image Distillation (CMID), is capable of learning representations with both global semantic separability and local spatial perceptibility by combining contrastive learning (CL) with masked image modeling (MIM) in a self-distillation way. Furthermore, our CMID learning framework is architecture-agnostic, which is compatible with both convolutional neural networks (CNN) and vision transformers (ViT), allowing CMID to be easily adapted to a variety of deep learning (DL) applications for RS understanding. Comprehensive experiments have been carried out on four downstream tasks (i.e. scene classification, semantic segmentation, object-detection, and change detection) and the results show that models pre-trained using CMID achieve better performance than other state-of-the-art SSL methods on multiple downstream tasks. The code and pre-trained models will be made available at https://github.com/NJU-LHRS/official-CMID to facilitate SSL research and speed up the development of RS images DL applications.
description: Accepted by IEEE TGRS. The codes and models are released at https://github.com/NJU-LHRS/official-CMID
Defect dynamics in active nematics
Creators: name: Giomi, Luca
name: Bowick, Mark J.
name: Mishra, Prashant
name: Sknepnek, Rastko
name: Marchetti, M. Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological defects are distinctive signatures of liquid crystals. They profoundly affect the viscoelastic behavior of the fluid by constraining the orientational structure in a way that inevitably requires global changes not achievable with any set of local deformations. In active nematic liquid crystals topological defects not only dictate the global structure of the director, but also act as local sources of motion, behaving as self-propelled particles. In this article we present a detailed analytical and numerical study of the mechanics of topological defects in active nematic liquid crystals.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Tunable high-temperature thermodynamics of weakly-interacting dipolar gases
Creators: name: Daily, K. M.
name: Blume, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider dilute gases of dipolar bosons or fermions in the high-temperature limit in a spherically symmetric harmonic trapping potential. We examine the system using a virial expansion up to second order in the fugacity. Using the Born approximation and assuming purely dipolar interactions, we find that the second-order virial coefficient for both bosons and fermions depends quadratically on the dipole length and is negative at high temperature, indicating that to lowest order in the dipole-dipole interactions the dipolar single-component quantum gases are repulsive. If the $s$-wave scattering length for the bosonic system is tunable and its absolute value is made small, then the $s$-wave interactions dominate and the dipolar as behaves like a weakly-interacting Bose gas with isotropic $s$-wave interactions. If the generalized scattering lengths for the fermionic system are tunable, then the dipole length can enter linearly in the virial equation of state, enhancing the dipole-dipole effects in the thermodynamic observables.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Stochastic constant-roll inflation and primordial black holes
Creators: name: Tomberg, Eemeli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic inflation resolves primordial perturbations non-linearly, probing their probability distribution deep into its non-Gaussian tail. The strongest perturbations collapse into primordial black holes. In typical black-hole-producing single-field inflation, the strongest stochastic kicks occur during a period of constant roll. In this paper, I solve the stochastic constant-roll system, drawing the stochastic kicks from a numerically computed power spectrum, beyond the usual de Sitter approximation. The perturbation probability distribution is an analytical function of the integrated curvature power spectrum $σ_k^2$ and the second slow-roll parameter $ε_2$. With a large $ε_2$, stochastic effects can reduce the height of the curvature power spectrum required to form asteroid mass black holes from $10^{-2}$ to $10^{-3}$. I compare these results to studies with the non-stochastic $ΔN$ formalism.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. v2: Corrected typos, expanded Section II. Matches published version
Spin Foam Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Baez, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study perturbation theory for spin foam models on triangulated manifolds. Starting with any model of this sort, we consider an arbitrary perturbation of the vertex amplitudes, and write the evolution operators of the perturbed model as convergent power series in the coupling constant governing the perturbation. The terms in the power series can be efficiently computed when the unperturbed model is a topological quantum field theory. Moreover, in this case we can explicitly sum the whole power series in the limit where the number of top-dimensional simplices goes to infinity while the coupling constant is suitably renormalized. This `dilute gas limit' gives spin foam models that are triangulation-independent but not topological quantum field theories. However, we show that models of this sort are rather trivial except in dimension 2.
description: 16 pages LaTeX, 2 encapsulated Postscript figures
Multiwavelength Observations of AB Doradus
Creators: name: Slee, O. B.
name: Erkan, N.
name: Johnston-Hollitt, M.
name: Budding, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed the bright, magnetically active multiple star AB Doradus in a multiwavelength campaign centring around two large facility allocations in November 2006 and January, 2007. Our observations have covered at least three large flares. These flares were observed to produce significant hardening of the X-ray spectra during their very initial stages. We monitored flare-related effects using the Suzaku X-ray satellite and the Australia Telescope Compact Array at 3.6 and 6 cm. Observations at 11 and 21 cm were also included, but they were compromised by interference. From our multiwavelength coverage we find that the observed effects can be mainly associated with a large active region near longitude zero. The second major X-ray and microwave flare of Jan 8, 2007 was observed with a favourable geometry that allowed its initial high-energy impulsive phase to be observed in the higher frequency range of Suzaku's XIS detectors. The fractional circular polarisation was measured for the complete runs, for 25 min integrations and, at 4.80 GHz, for 5 min integrations. Most of the full data sets showed circular polarisation fractions from AB Dor B that were significant at greater than the 3 sigma level. In several of the 5 min integrations at 4.80 and 8.64 GHz this fraction reached a significance level between 3 and 9 sigma. Lack of angular resolution prevented identification of these high V/I values with one or other of the two low-mass red-dwarf components of AB Dor B.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
RT-K-Net: Revisiting K-Net for Real-Time Panoptic Segmentation
Creators: name: Schön, Markus
name: Buchholz, Michael
name: Dietmayer, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Panoptic segmentation is one of the most challenging scene parsing tasks, combining the tasks of semantic segmentation and instance segmentation. While much progress has been made, few works focus on the real-time application of panoptic segmentation methods. In this paper, we revisit the recently introduced K-Net architecture. We propose vital changes to the architecture, training, and inference procedure, which massively decrease latency and improve performance. Our resulting RT-K-Net sets a new state-of-the-art performance for real-time panoptic segmentation methods on the Cityscapes dataset and shows promising results on the challenging Mapillary Vistas dataset. On Cityscapes, RT-K-Net reaches 60.2 % PQ with an average inference time of 32 ms for full resolution 1024x2048 pixel images on a single Titan RTX GPU. On Mapillary Vistas, RT-K-Net reaches 33.2 % PQ with an average inference time of 69 ms. Source code is available at https://github.com/markusschoen/RT-K-Net.
One-pot Multicomponent Synthesis of N2,6-Substituted 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamines as Potential Antileukemic Agents
Creators: name: BIN SHAHARI, MUHAMMAD SYAFIQ
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Organic chemical synthesis
Oncology and carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
Organic chemistry not elsewhere classified
Pharmaceutical sciences

description: A new practical method for synthesizing 4-aryl-6-cycloamino-1,3,5-triazine-2-amines and bis(1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamines) was developed. This method is suitable for generating combinatorial libraries of potentially bioactive compounds. Initially, 94 compounds with the 4-aryl-6-cycloamino-1,3,5-triazine-2-amine scaffold were prepared and screened for their antileukemic activity using Jurkat T-cell lines. This method was then successfully extended to the synthesis of bis(1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamines).
Resonant bands, Aomoto complex, and real 4-nets
Creators: name: Torielli, Michele
name: Yoshinaga, Masahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The resonant band is a useful notion for the computation of the nontrivial monodromy eigenspaces of the Milnor fiber of a real line arrangement. In this article, we develop the resonant band description for the cohomology of the Aomoto complex. As an application, we prove that real 4-nets do not exist.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Фонд конституционного строительства
Creators: name: Полеев, Андрей
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: фонд
конституция
конституционный строй
Русь
общность
право
правопорядок
rule of law
constitutional order
constitution
community foundation

description: Фонд конституционного строительства учреждён Указом от 3 марта 2017 года для осуществления целей и реализации задач, сформулированных в тексте Конституции общности Русь.
Tilt-to-length coupling in LISA Pathfinder: analytical modelling
Creators: name: Hartig, Marie-Sophie
name: Wanner, Gudrun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tilt-to-length coupling was the limiting noise source in LISA Pathfinder between 20 and 200 mHz before subtraction in post-processing. To prevent the adding of sensing noise to the data by the subtraction process, the success of this strategy depended on a previous direct noise reduction by test mass alignment. The exact dependency of the level of tilt-to-length coupling on the set-points of LISA Pathfinder's test masses was not understood until the end of the mission. Here, we present, for the first time, an analytical tilt-to-length coupling model that describes the coupling noise changes due to the realignments. We report on the different mechanisms, namely the lever arm and piston effect as well as the coupling due to transmissive components, and how they contribute to the full coupling. Further, we show that a pure geometric model would not have been sufficient to describe the coupling in LISA Pathfinder. Therefore, we model also the non-geometric tilt-to-length noise contributions. For the resulting coupling coefficients of the full model, we compute the expected error bars based on the known individual error sources. Also, we validated the analytical model against numerical simulations. A detailed study and thorough understanding of this noise are the basis for a successful analysis of the LISA Pathfinder data with respect to tilt-to-length coupling.
Ion Acoustic Travelling Waves
Creators: name: Webb, G. M.
name: Burrows, R. H.
name: Ao, X.
name: Zank, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models for travelling waves in multi-fluid plasmas give essential insight into fully nonlinear wave structures in plasmas, not readily available from either numerical simulations or from weakly nonlinear wave theories. We illustrate these ideas using one of the simplest models of an electron-proton multi-fluid plasma for the case where there is no magnetic field or a constant normal magnetic field present. We show that the travelling waves can be reduced to a single first order differential equation governing the dynamics. We also show that the equations admit a multi-symplectic Hamiltonian formulation in which both the space and time variables can act as the evolution variable. An integral equation useful for calculating adiabatic, electrostatic solitary wave signatures for multi-fluid plasmas with arbitrary mass ratios is presented. The integral equation arises naturally from a fluid dynamics approach for a two fluid plasma, with a given mass ratio of the two species (e.g. the plasma could be an electron proton or an electron positron plasma). Besides its intrinsic interest, the integral equation solution provides a useful analytical test for numerical codes that include a proton-electron mass ratio as a fundamental constant, such as for particle in cell (PIC) codes. The integral equation is used to delineate the physical characteristics of ion acoustic travelling waves consisting of hot electron and cold proton fluids.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in JPP, August 19, 2013
Development of Caveospheres as a Targeted Analgesic Drug Delivery System
Creators: name: CHONG, EVON YEE JIN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nanomedicine
Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis encompassed the engineering and optimisation of the nanoparticle, caveospheres, as a therapeutic drug delivery system (DDS) with use of a combination of protein and nanoparticle techniques. The versatility of caveospheres as a DDS is achievable via genetic manipulation of the Caveolin-1 protein. The Leu-enkephalin opioid peptide was used as a proof-of-concept that bioactive cargos can be attached on the caveosphere surface and remained biologically active. A cleavable linkage system was also designed, furthering diversification of caveospheres as a DDS. Overall, this thesis contributed to an improved understanding of the characteristics and potential of caveospheres as a DDS.
Null-text Guidance in Diffusion Models is Secretly a Cartoon-style Creator
Creators: name: Zhao, Jing
name: Zheng, Heliang
name: Wang, Chaoyue
name: Lan, Long
name: Huang, Wanrong
name: Yang, Wenjing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Classifier-free guidance is an effective sampling technique in diffusion models that has been widely adopted. The main idea is to extrapolate the model in the direction of text guidance and away from null-text guidance. In this paper, we demonstrate that null-text guidance in diffusion models is secretly a cartoon-style creator, i.e., the generated images can be efficiently transformed into cartoons by simply perturbing the null-text guidance. Specifically, we proposed two disturbance methods, i.e., Rollback disturbance (Back-D) and Image disturbance (Image-D), to construct misalignment between the noisy images used for predicting null-text guidance and text guidance (subsequently referred to as \textbf{null-text noisy image} and \textbf{text noisy image} respectively) in the sampling process. Back-D achieves cartoonization by altering the noise level of null-text noisy image via replacing $x_t$ with $x_{t+Δt}$. Image-D, alternatively, produces high-fidelity, diverse cartoons by defining $x_t$ as a clean input image, which further improves the incorporation of finer image details. Through comprehensive experiments, we delved into the principle of noise disturbing for null-text and uncovered that the efficacy of disturbance depends on the correlation between the null-text noisy image and the source image. Moreover, our proposed techniques, which can generate cartoon images and cartoonize specific ones, are training-free and easily integrated as a plug-and-play component in any classifier-free guided diffusion model. Project page is available at \url{https://nulltextforcartoon.github.io/}.
description: Accepted by ACM MM 2023