cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Versatile Surface Bioengineering Strategy Based on Mussel-Inspired and Bioclickable Peptide Mimic
Creators: name: Xiao, Yu
name: Wang, Wenxuan
name: Tian, Xiaohua
name: Tan, Xing
name: Yang, Tong
name: Gao, Peng
name: Xiong, Kaiqing
name: Tu, Qiufen
name: Wang, Miao
name: Maitz, Manfred F
name: Huang, Nan
name: Pan, Guoqing
name: Yang, Zhilu
Publisher: name: Washington, DC [u.a.] : American Association for the Advancement of Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 500
subject: 600
subject: 333,7

description: In this work, we present a versatile surface engineering strategy by the combination of mussel adhesive peptide mimicking and bioorthogonal click chemistry. The main idea reflected in this work derived from a novel mussel-inspired peptide mimic with a bioclickable azide group (i.e., DOPA4-azide). Similar to the adhesion mechanism of the mussel foot protein (i.e., covalent/noncovalent comediated surface adhesion), the bioinspired and bioclickable peptide mimic DOPA4-azide enables stable binding on a broad range of materials, such as metallic, inorganic, and organic polymer substrates. In addition to the material universality, the azide residues of DOPA4-azide are also capable of a specific conjugation of dibenzylcyclooctyne- (DBCO-) modified bioactive ligands through bioorthogonal click reaction in a second step. To demonstrate the applicability of this strategy for diversified biofunctionalization, we bioorthogonally conjugated several typical bioactive molecules with DBCO functionalization on different substrates to fabricate functional surfaces which fulfil essential requirements of biomedically used implants. For instance, antibiofouling, antibacterial, and antithrombogenic properties could be easily applied to the relevant biomaterial surfaces, by grafting antifouling polymer, antibacterial peptide, and NO-generating catalyst, respectively. Overall, the novel surface bioengineering strategy has shown broad applicability for both the types of substrate materials and the expected biofunctionalities. Conceivably, the clean molecular modification of bioorthogonal chemistry and the universality of mussel-inspired surface adhesion may synergically provide a versatile surface bioengineering strategy for a wide range of biomedical materials. Copyright © 2020 Yu Xiao et al. Exclusive Licensee Science and Technology Review Publishing House..
Comparative Transcriptomics of Lowland Rice Varieties Uncovers Novel Candidate Genes for Adaptive Iron Excess Tolerance
Creators: name: Kar, Saradia
name: Mai, Hans-Jörg
name: Khalouf, Hadeel
name: Abdallah, Heithem Ben
name: Flachbart, Samantha
name: Fink-Straube, Claudia
name: Bräutigam, Andrea
name: Xiong, Guosheng
name: Shang, Lianguang
name: Panda, Sanjib Kumar
name: Bauer, Petra
Publisher: name: Oxford : Oxford University Press
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Iron toxicity
subject: Iron uptake
subject: Leaf bronzing
subject: Metal homeostasis
subject: Oryza sativa
subject: Oxidative stress
subject: Rice
subject: RNA sequencing
subject: Susceptible
subject: Tolerant
subject: 570
subject: 580

description: Iron (Fe) toxicity is a major challenge for plant cultivation in acidic waterlogged soil environments, where lowland rice is a major staple food crop. Only few studies have addressed the molecular characterization of excess Fe tolerance in rice, and these highlight different mechanisms for Fe tolerance. Out of 16 lowland rice varieties, we identified a pair of contrasting lines, Fe-tolerant Lachit and -susceptible Hacha. The two lines differed in their physiological and morphological responses to excess Fe, including leaf growth, leaf rolling, reactive oxygen species generation and Fe and metal contents. These responses were likely due to genetic origin as they were mirrored by differential gene expression patterns, obtained through RNA sequencing, and corresponding gene ontology term enrichment in tolerant vs. susceptible lines. Thirty-five genes of the metal homeostasis category, mainly root expressed, showed differential transcriptomic profiles suggestive of an induced tolerance mechanism. Twenty-two out of these 35 metal homeostasis genes were present in selection sweep genomic regions, in breeding signatures, and/or differentiated during rice domestication. These findings suggest that Fe excess tolerance is an important trait in the domestication of lowland rice, and the identified genes may further serve to design the targeted Fe tolerance breeding of rice crops.
Applications of quantum cryptographic switch: Various tasks related to controlled quantum communication can be performed using Bell states and permutation of particles
Creators: name: Thapliyal, Kishore
name: Pathak, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, several aspects of controlled quantum communication (e.g., bidirectional controlled state teleportation, controlled quantum secure direct communication, controlled quantum dialogue, etc.) have been studied using $n$-qubit ($n\geq3$) entanglement. Specially, a large number of schemes for bidirectional controlled state teleportation are proposed using $m$-qubit entanglement ($m\in\{5,6,7\}$). Here, we propose a set of protocols to illustrate that it is possible to realize all these tasks related to controlled quantum communication using only Bell states and permutation of particles (PoP). As the generation and maintenance of a Bell state is much easier than a multi-partite entanglement, the proposed strategy has a clear advantage over the existing proposals. Further, it is shown that all the schemes proposed here may be viewed as applications of the concept of quantum cryptographic switch which was recently introduced by some of us. The performances of the proposed protocols as subjected to the amplitude damping and phase damping noise on the channels are also discussed.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Statistical mixtures of states can be more quantum than their superpositions: Comparison of nonclassicality measures for single-qubit states
Creators: name: Miranowicz, Adam
name: Bartkiewicz, Karol
name: Pathak, Anirban
name: Perina, Jan
name: Chen, Yueh-Nan
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A bosonic state is commonly considered nonclassical (or quantum) if its Glauber-Sudarshan $P$ function is not a classical probability density, which implies that only coherent states and their statistical mixtures are classical. We quantify the nonclassicality of a single qubit, defined by the vacuum and single-photon states, by applying the following four well-known measures of nonclassicality: (1) the nonclassical depth, $τ$, related to the minimal amount of Gaussian noise which changes a nonpositive $P$ function into a positive one; (2) the nonclassical distance $D$, defined as the Bures distance of a given state to the closest classical state, which is the vacuum for the single-qubit Hilbert space; together with (3) the negativity potential (NP) and (4) concurrence potential, which are the nonclassicality measures corresponding to the entanglement measures (i.e., the negativity and concurrence, respectively) for the state generated by mixing a single-qubit state with the vacuum on a balanced beam splitter. We show that complete statistical mixtures of the vacuum and single-photon states are the most nonclassical single-qubit states regarding the distance $D$ for a fixed value of both the depth $τ$ and NP in the whole range $[0,1]$ of their values, as well as the NP for a given value of $τ$ such that $τ>0.3154$. Conversely, pure states are the most nonclassical single-qubit states with respect to $τ$ for a given $D$, NP versus $D$, and $τ$ versus NP. We also show the "relativity" of these nonclassicality measures by comparing pairs of single-qubit states: if a state is less nonclassical than another state according to some measure then it might be more nonclassical according to another measure. Moreover, we find that the concurrence potential is equal to the nonclassical distance for single-qubit states.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, and 3 tables
A General Method for Selecting Quantum Channel for Bidirectional Controlled State Teleportation and Other Schemes of Controlled Quantum Communication
Creators: name: Thapliyal, Kishore
name: Verma, Amit
name: Pathak, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a large number of protocols for bidirectional controlled state teleportation (BCST) have been proposed using $n$-qubit entangled states ($n\in\{5,6,7\}$) as quantum channel. Here, we propose a general method of selecting multi-qubit $(n>4)$ quantum channels suitable for BCST and show that all the channels used in the existing protocols of BCST can be obtained using the proposed method. Further, it is shown that the quantum channels used in the existing protocols of BCST forms only a negligibly small subset of the set of all the quantum channels that can be constructed using the proposed method to implement BCST. It is also noted that all these quantum channels are also suitable for controlled bidirectional remote state preparation (CBRSP). Following the same logic, methods for selecting quantum channels for other controlled quantum communication tasks, such as controlled bidirectional joint remote state preparation (CJBRSP) and controlled quantum dialogue, are also provided.
description: 8 pages, no figure
Quasiprobability distributions in open quantum systems: spin-qubit systems
Creators: name: Thapliyal, Kishore
name: Banerjee, Subhashish
name: Pathak, Anirban
name: Omkar, S.
name: Ravishankar, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasiprobability distributions (QDs) in open quantum systems are investigated for $SU(2)$, spin like systems, having relevance to quantum optics and information. In this work, effect of both quantum non-demolition (QND) and dissipative open quantum systems, on the evolution of a number of spin QDs are investigated. Specifically, compact analytic expressions for the $W$, $P$, $Q$, and $F$ functions are obtained for some interesting single, two and three qubit states, undergoing general open system evolutions. Further, corresponding QDs are reported for an N qubit Dicke model and a spin-1 system. The existence of nonclassical characteristics are observed in all the systems investigated here. The study leads to a clear understanding of quantum to classical transition in a host of realistic physical scenarios. Variation of the amount of nonclassicality observed in the quantum systems, studied here,are also investigated using nonclassical volume.
description: 23 pages 13 figures
Quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects in an asymmetric nonlinear optical coupler
Creators: name: Thapliyal, Kishore
name: Pathak, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects in an asymmetric nonlinear optical coupler are studied. The asymmetric nonlinear optical coupler is composed of a linear waveguide ($χ^{\left(1\right)}$) and a nonlinear waveguide ($χ^{\left(2\right)}$) interacting with each other through the evanescent waves. The nonlinear waveguide has quadratic nonlinearity and it operates under second harmonic generation. A completely quantum mechanical description is used to describe the system. The closed form analytic solutions of Heisenberg's equations of motion for the different field modes are obtained using Sen-Mandal perturbative approach. In the coupler, the linear waveguide acts as a probe on the system (nonlinear waveguide). The effect of the presence of the probe (linear waveguide) on the photon statistics of the second harmonic mode of the system is considered as quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects. Further,it is also shown that in the stimulated case, it is easy to switch between quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects just by controlling the phase of the second harmonic mode of the asymmetric coupler
description: 7 pages. This work was presented in the International Conference on Optics and Photonics 2015,Kolkata, India
Tomograms for open quantum systems: in(finite) dimensional optical and spin systems
Creators: name: Thapliyal, Kishore
name: Banerjee, Subhashish
name: Pathak, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tomograms are obtained as probability distributions and are used to reconstruct a quantum state from experimentally measured values. We study the evolution of tomograms for different quantum systems, both finite and infinite dimensional. In realistic experimental conditions, the quantum states are exposed to the ambient environment and hence subject to effects like decoherence and dissipation, which are dealt with here, consistently, using the formalism of open quantum systems. This is extremely relevant from the perspective of experimental implementation and issues related to state reconstruction in quantum computation and communication. These considerations are also expected to affect the quasiprobability distribution obtained from experimentally generated tomograms and nonclassicality observed from them.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
title: Retropharyngeal Schwannoma
Creators: name: Germano, Ana
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Head & neck imaging
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Perception image
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 54-year-old woman presented with a 2-week history of throat foreign body sensation, and dyspnoea. On physical examination, her breathing was noisy. She denied pain and fever. Nasopharyngoscopy detected an airway lumen stenosis caused by a hypopharynx submucosal mass. Past history and lab tests were unremarkable except for thyroid nodules.

description: 54 years, female
Which verification qubits perform best for secure communication in noisy channel?
Creators: name: Sharma, Rishi Dutt
name: Thapliyal, Kishore
name: Pathak, Anirban
name: Pan, Alok Kumar
name: De, Asok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In secure quantum communication protocols, a set of single qubits prepared using 2 or more mutually unbiased bases or a set of $n$-qubit ($n\geq2$) entangled states of a particular form are usually used to form a verification string which is subsequently used to detect traces of eavesdropping. The qubits that form a verification string are referred to as decoy qubits, and there exists a large set of different quantum states that can be used as decoy qubits. In the absence of noise, any choice of decoy qubits provides equivalent security. In this paper, we examine such equivalence for noisy environment (e.g., in amplitude damping, phase damping, collective dephasing and collective rotation noise channels) by comparing the decoy-qubit assisted schemes of secure quantum communication that use single qubit states as decoy qubits with the schemes that use entangled states as decoy qubits. Our study reveals that the single qubit assisted scheme perform better in some noisy environments, while some entangled qubits assisted schemes perform better in other noisy environments. Specifically, single qubits assisted schemes perform better in amplitude damping and phase damping noisy channels, whereas a few Bell-state-based decoy schemes are found to perform better in the presence of the collective noise. Thus, if the kind of noise present in a communication channel (i.e., the characteristics of the channel) is known or measured, then the present study can provide the best choice of decoy qubits required for implementation of schemes of secure quantum communication through that channel.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Higher order two-mode and multi-mode entanglement in Raman processes
Creators: name: Giri, Sandip Kumar
name: Sen, Biswajit
name: Pathak, Anirban
name: Jana, Paresh Chandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of higher order entanglement in the stimulated and spontaneous Raman processes is established using the perturbative solutions of the Heisenberg equations of motion for various field modes that are obtained using the Sen-Mandal technique and a fully quantum mechanical Hamiltonian that describes the stimulated and spontaneous Raman processes. Specifically, the perturbative Sen-Mandal solutions are exploited here to show the signature of the higher order two-mode and multi-mode entanglement. In some special cases, we have also observed higher order entanglement in the partially spontaneous Raman processes. Further, it is shown that the depth of the nonclassicality indicators (parameters) can be manipulated by the specific choice of coupling constants, and it is observed that the depth of nonclassicality parameters increases with the order.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1301.0286
Studies on the Electrical Behaviour and Removal of Toluene with a Dielectric Barrier Discharge
Creators: name: Schmidt, Michael
name: Schiorlin, Milko
name: Brandenburg, Ronny
Publisher: name: Berlin : de Gruyter
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Capacitance
subject: Dielectric barrier discharge
subject: Non-thermal plasma
subject: Toluene removal
subject: 540

description: This contribution attempts to establish an easy-to-apply non-thermal plasma reactor for efficient toluene removal. Derived from the already established knowledge of the so called Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) Stack Reactor a new model reactor was used in this work. The DBD Stack Reactor is a multi-elements reactor but in this work only one stack element was used to investigate the efficiency and efficacy of toluene removal. In case of reliable results the scalability process for industrial application is already well known. Therefore, laboratory experiments were conducted in dry and wet synthetic air with an admixture of 50 ppm toluene. Along with the toluene removal process the electrical behaviour of the discharge configuration was investigated. It was found that the electrical capacitance of the dielectric barrier changes with variations of the operating voltage. This could be due to the changes in the area of the dielectric barrier which is covered with plasma. Additionally, it was found that the power input into the plasma, at a fixed operating voltage, is proportional to the frequency, which is in agreement with the literature.Regarding the decomposition process, the total removal of toluene was achieved at specific input energy densities of 55 J L-1 under dry conditions and 110 J L-1 under wet conditions. The toluene removal was accompanied by the production of nitric acid (dry conditions) and formic acid (wet conditions). The latter suggested a combination of the plasma reactor with a water scrubber as an approach for total removal of pollutant molecules.
Neelus Folsom 1896
Creators: name: Marín, Elida P.
name: Palacios-Vargas, José G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Neelipleona
Neelidae
Neelus

description: Neelus Folsom, 1896
Modified diagnosis. Six pairs of sensory fields: 1 below and 1 above antennae,1 laterally on Th II, 1 on subcoxa II, 1 on thorax III and 1 posteriorly on large abdomen (this sensory field with 2 marginal setae). With one neosminthuroid setae laterally on Abd. IV sternum. Antennal segments well divided, Ant. IV longer than III, but of the same width. Ant. IV with a big sensillum, and a small one, one forked subapical organ and 7–9 long sensilla. Sensorial organ of Ant. III with two central small sensilla and two guard sensilla, one dorsal and a bigger ventral, one ventral microsensillum spine-shaped. Ungues without external teeth, with one ventral teeth and two lateral (pseudonychia). Tenent hairs absent. Empodium without apical filament and teeth. Empodial tubercle small. Ventral tube with two apical setae, posterior face with a distinct lobe. Retinaculum with 3+3 teeth and corpus without seta. Furcula long and strong. Manubrium posteriorly with six or eight setae and anteriorly at the apex with a pair of articular convex processes. Dens with one seta. Posterior surface of dens proximal with 1-2 setae. Posterior surface of dens distal con 3 conical spines, 1 central seta and two apical spurs; anterior surface with one decurrent seta. Both edges of mucro dentate, always without seta.
Remarks. When diagnosis of the genus Neelus was given by Bonet (1947), Stach (1957) or Bretfeld (1999) there was only the type species N. murinus known. It was precisely defined adult and juveniles stage by Scheider (2017). After the contributions of Kováč & Papáč (2010) and Papáč et al. (2016), there are now 8 species known.
description: Published as part of Marín, Elida P. & Palacios-Vargas, José G., 2018, Redescription of Neelus fimbriatus Bretfeld & Trinklein, 2000 (Collembola: Neelidae) from Colombia, pp. 414-424 in Zootaxa 4527 (3) on pages 415-416, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4527.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/2612205
A comparative study of protocols for secure quantum communication under noisy environment: single-qubit-based protocols versus entangled-state-based protocols
Creators: name: Sharma, Vishal
name: Thapliyal, Kishore
name: Pathak, Anirban
name: Banerjee, Subhashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of noise on various protocols of secure quantum communication has been studied. Specifically, we have investigated the effect of amplitude damping, phase damping, squeezed generalized amplitude damping, Pauli type as well as various collective noise models on the protocols of quantum key distribution, quantum key agreement,quantum secure direct quantum communication and quantum dialogue. From each type of protocol of secure quantum communication, we have chosen two protocols for our comparative study; one based on single qubit states and the other one on entangled states. The comparative study reported here has revealed that single-qubit-based schemes are generally found to perform better in the presence of amplitude damping, phase damping, squeezed generalized amplitude damping noises, while entanglement-based protocols turn out to be preferable in the presence of collective noises. It is also observed that the effect of noise entirely depends upon the number of rounds of quantum communication involved in a scheme of quantum communication. Further, it is observed that squeezing, a completely quantum mechanical resource present in the squeezed generalized amplitude channel, can be used in a beneficial way as it may yield higher fidelity compared to the corresponding zero squeezing case.
description: 23 pages 7 figures
Hierarchical Joint Remote State Preparation in Noisy Environment
Creators: name: Shukla, Chitra
name: Thapliyal, Kishore
name: Pathak, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel scheme for quantum communication having substantial applications in practical life is designed and analyzed. Specifically, we have proposed a hierarchical counterpart of the joint remote state preparation (JRSP) protocol, where two senders can jointly and remotely prepare a quantum state. One sender has the information regarding amplitude, while the other one has the phase information of a quantum state to be jointly prepared at the receiver's port. However, there exists a hierarchy among the receivers, as far as powers to reconstruct the quantum state is concerned. A 5-qubit cluster state has been used here to perform the task. Further, it is established that the proposed scheme for hierarchical JRSP (HJRSP) is of enormous practical importance in critical situations involving defense and other sectors, where it is essential to ensure that an important decision/order that can severely affect a society or an organization is not taken by a single person, and once the order is issued all the receivers don't possess an equal right to implement it. Further, the effect of different noise models (e.g., amplitude damping (AD), phase damping (PD), collective noise and Pauli noise models) on the HJRSP protocol proposed here is investigated. It is found that in AD and PD noise models a higher power agent can reconstruct the quantum state to be remotely prepared with higher fidelity than that done by the lower power agent(s). In contrast, the opposite may happen in the presence of collective noise models. We have also proposed a scheme for probabilistic HJRSP using a non-maximally entangled 5-qubit cluster state.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
Synthesis of flow‐compatible Ru-Me/Al2O3 catalysts and their application in hydrogenation of 1-iodo-4-nitrobenzene
Creators: name: Sebek, Michael
name: Atia, Hanan
name: Steinfeldt, Norbert
Publisher: name: [Cham] : Springer International Publishing
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Flow process
subject: Hydrogen
subject: Nitro group
subject: Reduction
subject: Ruthenium
subject: 540

description: The development of an active, selective, and long-term stable heterogeneous catalyst for the reductive hydrogenation of substituted nitrorarenes in continuous operation mode is still challenging. In this work, Ru based nanoparticles catalysts promoted with different transition metals (Zn, Co, Cu, Sn, or Fe) were supported on alumina spheres using spray wet impregnation method. The freshly prepared catalysts were characterized using complementary methods including scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and temperature programmed reduction (TPR). The hydrogenation of 1-iodo-4-nitrobenzene served as model reaction to assess the catalytic performance of the prepared catalysts. The addition of the promotor affected the reducibility of Ru nanoparticles as well as the performance of the catalyst in the hydrogenation reaction. The highest yield of 4-iodoaniline (89 %) was obtained in a continuous flow process using Ru-Sn/Al2O3. The performance of this catalyst was also followed in a long-term experiment. With increasing operation time, a catalyst deactivation occurred which could only briefly compensate by an increase of the reaction temperature.
Predictability of properties of a fractured geothermal reservoir: the opportunities and limitations of an outcrop analogue study
Creators: name: Bauer, Johanna F.
name: Krumbholz, Michael
name: Meier, Silke
name: Tanner, David C.
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg [u.a.] : SpringerOpen
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fracture system parameters
subject: Geothermal energy
subject: Geothermal exploration
subject: Outcrop analogue study
subject: Rock properties
subject: Upper Rhine Graben
subject: 550
subject: 333.7

description: Minimizing exploration risk in deep geothermics is of great economic importance. Especially, knowledge about temperature and permeability of the reservoir is essential. We test the potential of an outcrop analogue study to minimize uncertainties in prediction of the rock properties of a fractured reservoir in the Upper Rhine Graben. Our results show that although mineralogical composition, clay content, grain size, and fabric type are basically comparable, porosity and quartz cementation are not. Young’s modulus, as observed in the outcrop closest to the reservoir is about twice as high (~ 64 GPa) as observed in the reservoir (~ 34 GPa). Most importantly, however, the parameters that describe the fracture system, which are essential to predict reservoir permeability, differ significantly. While the outcrops are dominated by perpendicular fracture sets (striking NE–SW and NW–SE), two different conjugate fracture sets (striking NW–SE and N–S) occur in the reservoir. Fracture apertures, as reported from the FMI, are one order of magnitude wider than in the outcrop. We conclude that our outcrop analogue study fails to predict important properties of the reservoir (such as permeability and porosity). This must be in part because of the tectonically complex setting of the reservoir. We propose that analogue studies are important, but they must be treated with care when attempting to predict the controlling parameters of a fractured reservoir.
Blog | New feature alert: Display my iD and print my record
Creators: name: Mejias, Gabriela
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: By popular demand, we recently released two new Registry features: easy-to-use code to display your ORCID iD on external websites, and a print view of ORCID public records.
Asymmetric Quantum Dialogue in Noisy Environment
Creators: name: Banerjee, Anindita
name: Shukla, Chitra
name: Thapliyal, Kishore
name: Pathak, Anirban
name: Panigrahi, Prasanta K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A notion of asymmetric quantum dialogue (AQD) is introduced. Conventional protocols of quantum dialogue are essentially symmetric as both the users (Alice and Bob) can encode the same amount of classical information. In contrast, the scheme for AQD introduced here provides different amount of communication powers to Alice and Bob. The proposed scheme, offers an architecture, where the entangled state and the encoding scheme to be shared between Alice and Bob depends on the amount of classical information they want to exchange with each other. The general structure for the AQD scheme has been obtained using a group theoretic structure of the operators introduced in (Shukla et al., Phys. Lett. A, 377 (2013) 518). The effect of different types of noises (e.g., amplitude damping and phase damping noise) on the proposed scheme is investigated, and it is shown that the proposed AQD is robust and uses optimized amount of quantum resources.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Improvement of the optical properties after surface error correction of aluminium mirror surfaces
Creators: name: Ulitschka, M.
name: Bauer, J.
name: Frost, F.
name: Arnold, T.
Publisher: name: London : Biomed Central
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Aluminium
subject: Ion beam etching
subject: Ion beam smoothing
subject: Mirrors
subject: Nitrogen
subject: Oxygen
subject: 530

description: Ion beam finishing techniques of aluminium mirrors have a high potential to meet the increasing demands on applications of high-performance mirror devices for visible and ultraviolet spectral range. Reactively driven ion beam machining using oxygen and nitrogen gases enables the direct figure error correction up to 1 μm machining depth while preserving the initial roughness. However, the periodic turning mark structures, which result from preliminary device shaping by single-point diamond turning, often limit the applicability of mirror surfaces in the short-periodic spectral range. Ion beam planarization with the aid of a sacrificial layer is a promising process route for surface smoothing, resulting in successfully reduction of the turning mark structures. A combination with direct surface smoothing to perform a subsequent improvement of the microroughness is presented with a special focus on roughness evolution, chemical composition, and optical surface properties. As a result, an ion beam based process route is suggested, which allows almost to recover the reflective properties and an increased long-term stability of smoothed aluminium surfaces.
Benford's distribution in extrasolar world: Do the exoplanets follow Benford's distribution?
Creators: name: Shukla, Abhishek
name: Pandey, Ankit Kumar
name: Pathak, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many real life situations, it is observed that the first digits (i.e., $1,2,\ldots,9$) of a numerical data-set, which is expressed using decimal system, do not follow a random distribution. Instead, smaller numbers are favoured by nature in accordance with a logarithmic distribution law, which is referred to as Benford's law. The existence and applicability of this empirical law have been extensively studied by physicists, accountants, computer scientists, mathematicians, statisticians, etc., and it has been observed that a large number of data-sets related to diverse problems follow this distribution. However, applicability of Benford's law has been hardly tested for extrasolar objects. Motivated by this fact, this paper investigates the existence of Benford's distribution in the extrasolar world using Kepler data for exoplanets. The investigation has revealed the presence of Benford's distribution in various physical properties of these exoplanets. Further, Benford goodness parameters are computed to provide a quantitative measure of coincidence of real data with the ideal values obtained from Benford's distribution. The quantitative analysis and the plots have revealed that several physical parameters associated with the exoplanets (e.g., mass, volume, density, orbital semi-major axis, orbital period, and radial velocity) nicely follow Benford's distribution, whereas some physical parameters (e.g., total proper motion, stellar age and stellar distance) moderately follow the distribution, and some others (e.g., longitude, radius, and effective temperature) do not follow Benford's distribution. Further, some specific comments have been made on the possible generalizations of the obtained result, its potential applications in analyzing data-set of candidate exoplanets, and how interested readers can perform similar investigations on other interesting data-sets.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures and one potrait
Designing the microstructural constituents of an additively manufactured near β Ti alloy for an enhanced mechanical and corrosion response
Creators: name: Hariharan, Avinash
name: Goldberg, Phil
name: Gustmann, Tobias
name: Maawad, Emad
name: Pilz, Stefan
name: Schell, Frederic
name: Kunze, Tim
name: Zwahr, Christoph
name: Gebert, Annett
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Additive manufacturing (AM)
subject: Beta Titanium alloys
subject: Corrosion
subject: Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)
subject: 600
subject: 690

description: Additive manufacturing of near β-type Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloys using the laser powder bed fusion process (LPBF) opens up new avenues to tailor the microstructure and subsequent macro-scale properties that aids in developing new generation patient-specific, load-bearing orthopedic implants. In this work, we investigate a wide range of LPBF parameter space to optimize the volumetric energy density, surface characteristics and melt track widths to achieve a stable process and part density of greater than 99 %. Further, optimized sample states were achieved via thermal post-processing using standard capability aging, super-transus (900 °C) and sub-transus (660 °C) heat treatment strategies with varying quenching mediums (air, water and ice). The applied heat treatment strategies induce various fractions of α, martensite (α', α'') in combination with the β phase and strongly correlated with the observed enhanced mechanical properties and a relatively low elastic modulus. In summary, our work highlights a practical strategy for optimizing the mechanical and corrosion properties of a LPBF produced near β-type Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy via careful evaluation of processing and post-processing steps and the interrelation to the corresponding microstructures. Corrosion studies revealed excellent corrosion resistances of the heat-treated LPBF samples comparable to wrought Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloys.
Newly formed downflow lanes in exploding granules in the solar photosphere
Creators: name: Ellwarth, M.
name: Fischer, C.E.
name: Vitas, N.
name: Schmiz, S.
name: Schmidt, W.
Publisher: name: Les Ulis : EDP Sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sun: granulation
subject: Sun: photosphere
subject: Magnetic fields
subject: Magnetometers
subject: Spectrometers
subject: 520

description: Context. Exploding granules have drawn renewed interest because of their interaction with the magnetic field (either emerging or already present). Especially the newly forming downflow lanes developing in their centre seem to be eligible candidates for the intensification of magnetic fields. We analyse spectroscopic data from two different instruments in order to study the intricate velocity pattern within the newly forming downflow lanes in detail. Aims. We aim to examine general properties of a number of exploding granules, such as their lifetime and extend. To gain a better understanding of the formation process of the developing intergranular lane in exploding granules, we study the temporal evolution and height dependence of the line-of-sight velocities at their formation location. Additionally, we search for evidence that exploding granules act as acoustic sources. Methods. We investigated the evolution of several exploding granules using data taken with the Interferometric Bidimensional Spectrometer and the Imaging Magnetograph eXperiment. Velocities for different heights of the solar atmosphere were determined by computing bisectors of the Fe I 6173.0 Å and the Fe I 5250.2 Å lines. We performed a wavelet analysis to study the intensity and velocity oscillations within and around exploding granules. We also compared our observational findings with predictions of numerical simulations. Results. Exploding granules have significantly longer lifetimes (10 to 15 min) than regular granules. Exploding granules larger than 3.8″ form an independent intergranular lane during their decay phase, while smaller granules usually fade away or disappear into the intergranular area (we find only one exception of a smaller exploding granule that also forms an intergranular lane). For all exploding granules that form a new intergranular downflow lane, we find a temporal height-dependent shift with respect to the maximum of the downflow velocity. Our suggestion that this results from a complex atmospheric structure within the newly forming downflow lane is supported by the comparison with synthesised profiles inferred from the simulations. We found an enhanced wavelet power with periods between 120 s to 190 s seen in the intensity and velocity oscillations of high photospheric or chromospheric spectral lines in the region of the dark core of an exploding granule. © M. Ellwarth et al. 2021.
On the origin of nonclassicality in single systems
Creators: name: Aravinda, S.
name: Srikanth, R.
name: Pathak, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of certain general probability theories of single systems, we identify various nonclassical features such as incompatibility, multiple pure-state decomposability, measurement disturbance, no-cloning and the impossibility of certain universal operations, with the non-simpliciality of the state space. This is shown to naturally suggest an underlying simplex as an ontological model. Contextuality turns out to be an independent nonclassical feature, arising from the intransitivity of compatibility.
description: Close to the published version
Challenges of data availability: Analysing the water-energy nexus in electricity generation
Creators: name: Larsen, M.A.D.
name: Petrovic, S.
name: Engström, R.E.
name: Drews, M.
name: Liersch, S.
name: Karlsson, K.B.
name: Howells, M.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Energy systems
subject: Integrated management
subject: Natural resources
subject: Sustainable development
subject: Water-energy data
subject: Water-energy nexus
subject: 333,7
subject: 624

description: Water is paramount for the operation of energy systems, for securing food supply and for the industry and municipalities. Intersectoral competition for water resources can negatively affect water scarce regions by e.g. power plants shutdowns, poor agricultural yields, and lack of potable water. Future economic and population growth as well as climate change is likely to exacerbate these patterns. However, models used for energy system management and planning in general do not properly include water availability which can lead to improper representations of water-energy interlinkages. The paper initially highlights the water usage rates of current technologies within electricity generation and technologies with a potential to reduce water usage, electricity consumption or GHG emissions. Secondly, the paper presents currently available data on current and future projected water resources as well as data on energy statistics relevant to water-energy nexus studies. Thirdly, implementation cases are presented showing examples of water-energy nexus studies for the data presented. Finally, the paper highlights main challenges in studying the linkage between water and energy. We find a substantial gap in the general availability and quality of regional and global data for detailed quantitative analyses and also identify a need for standardization of formats and data collection methodologies across data and disciplines. An effort towards a coordinated, and sustained open-access data framework with energy sector water usage at fine spatio-temporal scales alongside hydro-climatic observation and model data using common forcings and scenarios for future projections (of climate, socio-economy and technology) is therefore recommended for future water-energy nexus studies. © 2019 The Authors
Lower order and higher order entanglement in $87Rb$ $5S-5P-5D$ hyperfine manifold modeled as a four-wave mixing process
Creators: name: Das, Moumita
name: Sen, Biswajit
name: Ray, Ayan
name: Pathak, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Possibilities of generation of lower order and higher order intermodal entanglement in 87Rb 5S-5P-5D hyperfine manifold are rigorously investigated using Sen-Mandal perturbative technique by showing the equivalence of the system with the four-wave mixing (FWM) process. The investigation has revealed that for a set of experimentally realizable/relevant parameters we can observe lower order and higher order intermodal entanglement between pump and signal modes, signal and idler modes, and idler and pump modes in a FWM process associated with the 87Rb 5S-5P-5D hyperfine manifold. In addition, trimodal entanglement involving pump, signal and idler modes is also reported.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
VAHCOLI, a new concept for lidars: technical setup, science applications, and first measurements
Creators: name: Lübken, Franz-Josef
name: Höffner, Josef
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : European Geosciences Union
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: aerosol
subject: lidar
subject: measurement method
subject: mesosphere
subject: middle atmosphere
subject: scattering
subject: spectral resolution
subject: stratosphere
subject: 550

description: A new concept for a cluster of compact lidar systems named VAHCOLI (Vertical And Horizontal COverage by LIdars) is presented, which allows for the measurement of temperatures, winds, and aerosols in the middle atmosphere (10 110 km) with high temporal and vertical resolution of minutes and some tens of meters, respectively, simultaneously covering horizontal scales from a few hundred meters to several hundred kilometers ( four-dimensional coverage ). The individual lidars ( units ) being used in VAHCOLI are based on a diode-pumped alexandrite laser, which is currently designed to detect potassium (D 770 nm), and on sophisticated laser spectroscopy measuring all relevant frequencies (seeder laser, power laser, backscattered light) with high temporal resolution (2 ms) and high spectral resolution applying Doppler-free spectroscopy. The frequency of the lasers and the narrowband filter in the receiving system are stabilized to typically 10 100 kHz, which is a factor of roughly 105 smaller than the Doppler-broadened Rayleigh signal. Narrowband filtering allows for the measurement of Rayleigh and/or resonance scattering separately from the aerosol (Mie) signal during both night and day. Lidars used for VAHCOLI are compact (volume: 1m3) and multi-purpose systems which employ contemporary electronic, optical, and mechanical components. The units are designed to autonomously operate under harsh field conditions in remote locations. An error analysis with parameters of the anticipated system demonstrates that temperatures and line-of-sight winds can be measured from the lower stratosphere to the upper mesosphere with an accuracy of (0.1 5)K and (0.1 10)ms1, respectively, increasing with altitude. We demonstrate that some crucial dynamical processes in the middle atmosphere, such as gravity waves and stratified turbulence, can be covered by VAHCOLI with sufficient temporal, vertical, and horizontal sampling and resolution. The four-dimensional capabilities of VAHCOLI allow for the performance of time-dependent analysis of the flow field, for example by employing Helmholtz decomposition, and for carrying out statistical tests regarding, for example, intermittency and helicity. The first test measurements under field conditions with a prototype lidar were performed in January 2020. The lidar operated successfully during a 6-week period (night and day) without any adjustment. The observations covered a height range of 5 100 km and demonstrated the capability and applicability of this unit for the VAHCOLI concept.
Quantum cryptography over non-Markovian channels
Creators: name: Thapliyal, Kishore
name: Pathak, Anirban
name: Banerjee, Subhashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A set of schemes for secure quantum communication are analyzed under the influence of non-Markovian channels. By comparing with the corresponding Markovian cases, it is seen that the average fidelity in all these schemes can be maintained for relatively longer periods of time. The effects of non-Markovian noise on a number of facets of quantum cryptography, such as quantum secure direct communication, deterministic secure quantum communication and their controlled counterparts, quantum dialogue, quantum key distribution, quantum key agreement, etc., have been extensively investigated. Specifically, a scheme for controlled quantum dialogue (CQD) is analyzed over damping, dephasing and depolarizing non-Markovian channels, and subsequently, the effect of these non-Markovian channels on the other schemes of secure quantum communication is deduced from the results obtained for CQD. The damped non-Markovian channel causes, a periodic revival in the fidelity; while fidelity is observed to be sustained under the influence of the dephasing non-Markovian channel. The depolarizing channel, as well as the other non-Markovian channels discussed here, show that the obtained average fidelity subjected to noisy environment depends on the strength of coupling between the quantum system with its surroundings and the number of rounds of quantum communication involved in a particular scheme.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures