cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Recursion operators of the BKP hierarchy and the CKP Hierarchy
Creators: name: Li, Maohua
name: Cheng, Jipeng
name: Li, Chuanzhong
name: He, Jingsong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, under the constraints of the BKP(CKP) hierarchy, a crucial observation is that the odd dynamical variable $u_{2k+1}$ can be explicitly expressed by the even dynamical variable $u_{2k}$ in the Lax operator $L$ through a new operator $B$. Using operator $B$, the essential differences between the BKP hierarchy and the CKP hierarchy are given by the flow equations and the recursion operators under the $(2n+1)$-reduction. The formal formulas of the recursion operators for the BKP and CKP hierarchy under $(2n+1)$-reduction are given. To illustrate this method, the two recursion operators are constructed explicitly for the 3-reduction of the BKP and CKP hierarchies. The $t_7$ flows of $u_2$ are generated from $t_1$ flows by the above recursion operators, which are consistent with the corresponding flows generated by the flow equations under 3-reduction.
description: 19 pages
Improved Oil Recovery by Huff and Puff Gas Injection and Potential of Carbon Dioxide Storage in the La Luna Shale of Colombia
Creators: name: Herrera Tellez, Claudia Marcela
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: CO2 Injection
subject: CCUS
subject: Shale
subject: La Luna Shale Colombia
subject: Improved Oil Recovery
subject: Huff and Puff Gas Injection
subject: Reservoir Simulation
subject: Engineering--Petroleum

description: This thesis presents geological, geochemical and petrophysical descriptions of the La Luna Shale in Colombia with a view to build a reservoir simulation model for investigating the potential of primary recovery, enhanced oil recovery by huff and puff gas injection and safe storage of CO2. The investigation is performed in the Middle Magdalena Valley (MMV) and Catatumbo Basins. The injection gases considered in this thesis are methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Reservoir modelling using a commercial compositional simulator provides a baseline scenario of primary oil recovery. This is important as there is no oil production from La Luna Shale at present. Original contributions of this thesis include demonstrating that: 1. Oil recovery can be obtained from the La Luna Shale and increased significantly by CH4 and CO2 injection while simultaneously and safely storing CO2. 2. There is “geologic containment” in the La Luna Shale in both the MMV and Catatumbo Basins.The concept of geologic containment applies when hydrocarbon fluids are in an inverted position vis-a-vis gravity, i.e., oil is at the top, condensate is in the middle and natural gas is at the bottom within the same shale strata (Ramirez and Aguilera, 2016; Fragoso et al., 2018). 3. Under favourable conditions it is possible to obtain oil production from the La Luna Shale without implementing hydraulic fracturing. 4. A modified Pickett plot helps to establish hydrocarbons maturity in the La Luna Shale. The win-win scenario of improving oil recovery while simultaneously storing carbon dioxide (CO2) in the shale is critically important as oil will be needed in Colombia for several decades while the country is striving to reduce the environmental impact. The “Utilization” and “Storage” of CO2, two important as aspects of CCUS (Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage), can be successfully attained in the La Luna Shale in Colombia. The “Capture” aspect of CCUS is beyond the scope of this study.
Infinite symmetry on the boundary of SL(3)/SO(3)
Creators: name: Arponen, Heikki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57S20

description: Asymptotic symmetries of the five dimensional noncompact symmetric space SL(3)/SO(3) are found to form an infinite dimensional Lie algebra, analogously to the asymptotic symmetries of anti-de Sitter spaces in two and three dimensions. Possible exact solvability of the corresponding Chern-Simons theory and the AdS/CFT correspondence to the above mentioned and other noncompact symmetric spaces is discussed.
description: 18 pages; improved introduction and conlcusions; more references; to be published in J. Math. Phys
Muck: A Build Tool for Data Journalists
Creators: name: King, George
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Journalism
Online journalism
Journalism--Data processing
Information visualization

description: Veracity and reproducibility are vital qualities for any data journalism project. As computational investigations become more complex and time consuming, the effort required to maintain correctness of code and conclusions increases dramatically. This report presents Muck, a new tool for organizing and reliably reproducing data computations. Muck is a command line program that plays the role of the build system in traditional software development, except that instead of being used to compile code into executable applications, it runs data processing scripts to produce output documents (e.g., data visualizations or tables of statistical results). In essence, it automates the task of executing a series of computational steps to produce an updated product. The system supports a variety of languages, formats, and tools, and draws upon well-established Unix software conventions. A great deal of data journalism work can be characterized as a process of deriving data from original sources. Muck models such work as a graph of computational steps and uses this model to update results efficiently whenever the inputs or code change. This algorithmic approach relieves programmers from having to constantly worry about the dependency relationships between various parts of a project. At the same time, Muck encourages programmers to organize their code into modular scripts, which can make the code more readable for a collaborating group. The system relies on a naming convention to connect scripts to their outputs, and automatically infers the dependency graph from these implied relationships. Thus, unlike more traditional build systems, Muck requires no configuration files, which makes altering the structure of a project less onerous. Muck’s development was motivated by conversations with working data journalists and students. This report describes the rationale for building a new tool, its compelling features, and preliminary experience testing it with several demonstration projects. Muck has proven successful for a variety of use cases, but work remains to be done on documentation, compatibility, and testing. The long-term goal of the project is to provide a simple, language-agnostic tool that allows journalists to better develop and maintain ambitious data projects.
Additional file 3 of Personalized analysis of minimal residual cancer cells in peritoneal lavage fluid predicts peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer
Creators: name: Zhao, Dongbing
name: Yue, Pinli
name: Wang, Tongbo
name: Wang, Pei
name: Song, Qianqian
name: Wang, Jingjing
name: Jiao, Yuchen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3. Fig. S1.Patient enrollment, sample collection workflow and the prognosis prediction of patients. Fig. S2. Kaplan–Meier estimates of recurrence-free survival (RFS) based on clinical risk factors and MRD analysis. (A) Kaplan–Meier estimates of RFS based on MRD analysis in 104 gastric cancer patients. Peritoneal dissemination and lymphatic metastasis patients were combined as a recurrence group (n = 33). The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis shows the probability of RFS by (B) cytological diagnosis with peritoneal lavage fluid (n = 98) and (C) pT stage according to the 8th edition of the Union for International Cancer Control (n = 98) for peritoneal dissemination. A patient was classified as test-positive if the cytological diagnosis of peritoneal lavage fluid was positive (B) and the pathologic diagnosis was pT4 stage gastric cancer (C). CCF: cancer cell fraction. Shaded areas in the Kaplan–Meier plots indicate 95% CIs. HR: hazard ratio.
Pragmatism and the Problem of Mind in Nature
Creators: name: Beasley, Brandon Eric
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: In this dissertation I argue that a rational reconstruction of the philosophical tradition of pragmatism yields materials to resolve the philosophical problem of mind in nature. This is not the problem of consciousness, but rather the problem created by the facts that we human beings are both animals, products of nature in nature, and beings whose lives and minds are essentially structured by conceptual meanings, unlike any other creature in nature, and potentially in conflict with the ‘disenchanted’ conception of nature we owe to the natural sciences, which seems to have no room for such things as meanings, reasons, and norms. Pragmatism aims to understand how conceptual meanings can be a part of nature by showing how conceptual mindedness is a kind and development of the more basic mindedness exhibited in goal-directed, purposive activity. The pragmatist wants to show that meanings grow out of, and are embodied in, the natural purposiveness of organisms and the difference that language and linguistic practices make to that natural purposiveness in the human context. I canvass the history of the pragmatist tradition of wrestling with this question in order to understand the nature and scope of the problem, the useful tools which pragmatism has to construct a solution, and to propose a way to put these tools to use in a new way that has a better chance of resolving the problem.
A derivative-free approximate gradient sampling algorithm for finite minimax problems
Creators: name: Nutini, Julie Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Mathematical optimization is the process of minimizing (or maximizing) a function. An algorithm is used to optimize a function when the minimum cannot be found by hand, or finding the minimum by hand is inefficient. The minimum of a function is a critical point and corresponds to a gradient (derivative) of 0. Thus, optimization algorithms commonly require gradient calculations. When gradient information of the objective function is unavailable, unreliable or ‘expensive’ in terms of computation time, a derivative-free optimization algorithm is ideal. As the name suggests, derivative-free optimization algorithms do not require gradient calculations. In this thesis, we present a derivative-free optimization algorithm for finite minimax problems. Structurally, a finite minimax problem minimizes the maximum taken over a finite set of functions. We focus on the finite minimax problem due to its frequent appearance in real-world applications. We present convergence results for a regular and a robust version of our algorithm, showing in both cases that either the function is unbounded below (the minimum is −∞) or we have found a critical point. Theoretical results are explored for stopping conditions. Additionally, theoretical and numerical results are presented for three examples of approximate gradients that can be used in our algorithm: the simplex gradient, the centered simplex gradient and the Gupal estimate of the gradient of the Steklov averaged function. A performance comparison is made between the regular and robust algorithm, the three approximate gradients, and the regular and robust stopping conditions. Finally, an application in seismic retrofitting is discussed.
Cohomological and projective dimensions
Creators: name: Varbaro, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D45, 14B15

description: In this paper we give an upper bound, in characteristic 0, for the cohomological dimension of a graded ideal in a polynomial ring such that the quotient has depth at least 3. In positive characteristic the same bound holds true by a well-known theorem of Peskine and Szpiro. As a corollary, we give new examples of prime ideals that are not set-theoretically Cohen-Macaulay.
description: 6 pages. Corrected some typos and added details in Example 3.9. Added Example 2.3 and rearranged the proof of Proposition 3.1. To appear in Compositio Math
Why Do Some Community College Students Use Institutional Resources Differently Than Others in Program Selection and Planning?
Creators: name: Kopko, Elizabeth Mary
name: Ramos, Marisol
name: Karp, Melinda Jane Mechur
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Community colleges
Community college students--Education
Community college students--Services for

description: A growing number of institutions undertaking “guided pathways” reforms are rethinking how students select programs of study, choose courses, and make other program-related choices. One primary aim is to help students make thoughtful decisions about their programs early on as a means to encourage faster and more satisfying college completion. The City Colleges of Chicago (CCC) has been undertaking a guided pathways reform effort for several years. Based largely on student interviews, this paper describes how degree-seeking students at CCC make choices about their programs in their first year of enrollment, focusing especially on how they interact with advisors and how they use college-based resources in program selection and program planning. The authors find that the complex process of program selection and planning is undertaken differently by students with greater or lesser tolerance for ambiguity, and that inconsistent or conflicting information about program details is particularly frustrating for some students. The authors recommend that institutions engaging in guided pathways reform efforts clarify advising processes and materials to reduce contradictory information and confusion.
Large-surface Passive Haptic Interactions using Pantograph Mechanisms
Creators: name: Friedel, Marcus Kenneth Ernst
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Haptics
subject: HCI
subject: Human-Computer Interaction
subject: Passive Haptics
subject: Pantographs
subject: Computer Science

description: Dexterous and natural haptic interaction with the environment in Virtual Reality promises a new era of embodied and intuitive computing. But among the remaining challenges stands the difficulty of natural wall interactions. Personal haptic devices for natural wall interaction in virtual reality should be portable and should provide passive, body-scale interactions. However, existing techniques fall short: Room-scale proxies lack portability, wearable robotic arms are energy-intensive and induce friction, and existing hand-scale passive interaction techniques are unsuitable for continuous large-scale renders. In this thesis, we introduce PantographHaptics, a technique which uses the scaling properties of a pantograph to passively render body-scale surfaces. A pantograph is a classical linkage mechanism which can enlarge or shrink designs by coordinating nodes to move in scaled, geometrically similar paths. To our knowledge, no prior work has applied the pantograph mechanism to large-scale immersive haptics. PantographHaptics is a novel method for passively achieving body-scale haptics which uses a pantograph to scale up a small positional constraint into an encounterable midair render. We present the conceptual foundation underpinning of PantographHaptics by describing the operation of the pantograph mechanism and detailing how we apply it for haptics. Then we verify the PantographHaptics technique through two prototypes: HapticLever, a grounded system, and Feedbackpack, a wearable device. We detail the designs, implementations, and technical evaluations of both prototypes, and we highlight the challenges and solutions involved in their development. We evaluate these prototypes with user evaluations, which contribute assessments of their interaction fidelity, investigations of their usability, comparisons of their performance against other haptic modalities, and recorded participant experiences of using the devices. By introducing and verifying PantographHaptics, we show that this novel technique is a viable and promising approach for interactions with large surfaces. By documenting the development of our prototype artifacts and reporting user experiences with the devices, we contribute a foundation for future research.
Stability of ultracold atomic Bose condensates with Rashba spin-orbit coupling against quantum and thermal fluctuations
Creators: name: Ozawa, Tomoki
name: Baym, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability of Bose condensates with Rashba-Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling in three dimensions against quantum and thermal fluctuations. The ground state depletion of the plane-wave condensate due to quantum fluctuations is, as we show, finite, and therefore the condensate is stable. We also calculate the corresponding shift of the ground state energy. Although the system cannot condense in the absence of interparticle interactions, we show by estimating the number of excited particles that interactions stabilize the condensate even at non-zero temperature. Unlike in the usual Bose gas, the normal phase is not kinematically forbidden at any temperature; calculating the free energy of the normal phase at finite temperature, and comparing with the free energy of the condensed state, we infer that generally the system is condensed at zero temperature, and undergoes a transition to normal at non-zero temperature.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Quantum simulation of small-polaron formation with trapped ions
Creators: name: Stojanovic, Vladimir M.
name: Shi, Tao
name: Bruder, C.
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum simulation of small-polaron physics using a one-dimensional system of trapped ions acted upon by off-resonant standing waves. This system, envisioned as an array of microtraps, in the single-excitation case allows the realization of the anti-adiabatic regime of the Holstein model. We show that the strong excitation-phonon coupling regime, characterized by the formation of small polarons, can be reached using realistic values of the relevant system parameters. Finally, we propose measurements of the quasiparticle residue and the average number of phonons in the ground state, experimental probes validating the polaronic character of the phonon-dressed excitation.
description: accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Dimer Models and Integrable Systems
Creators: name: Eager, Richard
name: Franco, Sebastian
name: Schaeffer, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore various aspects of the correspondence between dimer models and integrable systems recently introduced by Goncharov and Kenyon. Dimer models give rise to relativistic integrable systems that match those arising from 5d N=1 gauge theories studied by Nekrasov. We apply the correspondence to dimer models associated to the Y^{p,0} geometries, showing that they give rise to the relativistic generalization of the periodic Toda chain originally studied by Ruijsenaars. The correspondence reduces the calculation of all conserved charges to a straightforward combinatorial problem of enumerating non-intersecting paths in the dimer model. We show how the usual periodic Toda chain emerges in the non-relativistic limit and how the Lax operator corresponds to the Kasteleyn matrix of the dimer model. We discuss how the dimer models for general Y^{p,q} manifolds give rise to other relativistic integrable systems, generalizing the periodic Toda chain and construct the integrable systems for general Y^{p,p} explicitly. The impurities introduced in the construction of Y^{p,q} quivers are identified with impurities in twisted sl(2) XXZ spin chains. Finally we discuss how the physical concept of higgsing a dimer model provides an efficient method for producing new integrable systems starting from known ones. We illustrate this idea by constructing the integrable systems for higgsings of Y^{4,0}.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures. v2: typos fixed
Extragalactic gamma-ray signal from Dark Matter annihilation: a power spectrum based computation
Creators: name: Serpico, Pasquale D.
name: Sefusatti, Emiliano
name: Gustafsson, Michael
name: Zaharijas, Gabrijela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the computation of the extragalactic gamma-ray signal from cosmological dark matter annihilations. The prediction of this signal is notoriously model dependent, due to different descriptions of the clumpiness of the dark matter distribution at small scales, responsible for an enhancement with respect to the smoothly distributed case. We show how a direct computation of this "flux multiplier" in terms of the nonlinear power spectrum offers a conceptually simpler approach and may ease some problems, such as the extrapolation issue. In fact very simple analytical recipes to construct the power spectrum yield results similar to the popular Halo Model expectations, with a straightforward alternative estimate of errors. For this specific application, one also obviates to the need of identifying (often literature-dependent) concepts entering the Halo Model, to compare different simulations.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; minor changes, additional references, matches published version; Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. Letters, Feb. 7 (2012)
Additional file 1 of Analyzing the whole-transcriptome profiles of ncRNAs and predicting the competing endogenous RNA networks in cervical cancer cell lines with cisplatin resistance
Creators: name: Lv, Huimin
name: Jin, Shanshan
name: Zou, Binbin
name: Liang, Yuxiang
name: Xie, Jun
name: Wu, Suhui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The top 20 upregulated and downregulated lncRNAs. Table S2. The top 20 upregulated and downregulated circRNAs. Table S3. The top 20 upregulated and downregulated mRNAs. Table S4. The top 10 upregulated and downregulated miRNAs.
Achmonia yunnana Bordoni, 2013, nov.sp.
Creators: name: Bordoni, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Achmonia
Achmonia yunnana

description: Achmonia yunnana nov.sp.
M a t e r i a l s t u d i e d: Holotype: Yunnan, Nabanhe N. R., Bengganghani, Nanmugahe, Jia-Yao Hu & Zi-Wei Yin 30.IV-2.V.2009 (SNUC).
D e s c r i p t i o n: Length of body about 14 mm; from anterior margin of head to posterior margin of elytra: 8 mm. Head and pronotum black, elytra red with black scutellum; abdomen reddish black; genital segment reddish; antennae and legs brown. Head and pronotum shiny. Head and pronotum and related puncturation as in Fig. 19. Head proportionally small. Labrum as in Fig. 20. Elytra a little longer and wider than pronotum, sub-rectangular, slightly dilated posteriad, with just rounded sides and marked humeral angles. Surface with evident, not deep but dense puncturation, arranged in numerous series. Abdomen with fine and dense, transverse micro-striation and deep, very dense puncturation, arranged in numerous series.
Tergite and sternite of the male genital segment as in Figs 21-22. Aedeagus (Fig. 23) very large, 3 mm long, with short median lobe and symmetrical parameres; inner sac ribbon-like, wide, folded some time on itself, covered by sub-triangular, dense scales, arranged as in Fig. 24.
E t y m o l o g y: The specific epithet refers to Yunnan.
G e o g r a p h i c a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: The species is known only from the type locality, in Yunnan.
 N o t e: This species differs from A. eppelsheimi (BERNHAUER & SCHUBERT 1914) from Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and Meghalaya, by wide body, by the shape of labrum, head and pronotum, in particular by not sub-quadrangular head and not posteriad narrow pronotum, by puncturation of head and by very different aedeagus.
description: Published as part of Bordoni, A., 2013, New data on the Xantholinini from China. 24. New genus, new species and new records of the Shanghai Normal University collection (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) 244 ° contribution to the knowledge of the Staphylinidae, pp. 1745-1797 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 45 (2) on pages 1750-1751, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10273196
Ο θεσμός της υπό όρο απόλυσης (Άρθρα 105Β επ. ΠΚ)
Creators: name: Μπαϊρακτάρη, Μαρία Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Έκτιση ποινής
Υπό όρο απόλυση
Διαγωγή καταδικασθέντα
Serving of sentence
Conditional release
Conduct of the convicted

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας μελέτης αποτελεί ο θεσμός της απόλυσης υπό όρο, και ιδίως η λειτουργία του θεσμού αυτού στην ελληνική έννομη τάξη, και οι σχετικές με αυτόν προβλέψεις του Ποινικού Κώδικα. Σημειώνεται ότι η απόλυση υπό όρο δεν αποτελεί πρωτοπορία του ελληνικού συστήματος απονομής της ποινικής δικαιοσύνης, αλλά, αντίθετα, αναγνωρίζεται σε πληθώρα εννόμων τάξεων. Στο πρώτο τμήμα της εργασίας γίνεται μία προσπάθεια εννοιολογικής οριοθέτησης του θεσμού, με κέντρο βάρους τον σκοπό που αυτός επιτελεί αλλά και τη νομική του φύση. Ενώ, ταυτόχρονα, αναδεικνύεται και ο ρόλος του στα πλαίσια της νομολογίας του ΕΔΔΑ. Στο δεύτερο τμήμα της εργασίας, επιχειρείται μία προσέγγιση των προβλέψεων του ισχύοντος Ποινικού Κώδικα σχετικά με τη χορήγηση της απόλυσης υπό όρο, τις προϋποθέσεις ανάκλησης και άρσης αυτής, αλλά και την υπό όρο απόλυση των ανηλίκων. Τέλος, διερευνώνται ορισμένα ειδικά ζητήματα που ανακύπτουν κατά την πρακτική εφαρμογή του θεσμού, ενώ λαμβάνει χώρα και μία συνοπτική μελέτη γύρω από τους ειδικούς νόμους που κατά καιρούς την προέβλεψαν, με σκοπό την αποσυμφόρηση των καταστημάτων κράτησης
description: Subject of the present study is the institution of conditional release (parole) and in particular its operation in the Greek legal order, and the relevant provisions of the Criminal Code. It is noted that conditional release is not an innovation of the Greek Criminal justice system, but, on the contrary, it is recognized in plenty of legal orders. In the first part of the paper, an attempt is made to define the meaning of the institution, while the main focus is given to its purpose and its legal nature. At the same time, the contribution of the institution in ECHR case-law is highlighted. The second part of the paper attempts to approach the provisions of the current Criminal Code regarding the imposition of conditional release, the conditions for its revocation and withdrawal, as well as the conditional release of minors. Finally, some specific issues that arise in the practical application of the institution are explored, and a brief study is made of the special laws that have provided for it from time to time, with a view to reducing the congestion in Detention Facilities
Data-driven Approach for Assessing Urban Road Network Resilience: Integrating Spatiotemporal Analysis with the Resilience Triangle Concept
Creators: name: Azargoshasbi, Rouzbeh
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Network resilience
subject: Data-driven approach
subject: Spatiotemporal analysis
subject: Resilience triangle
subject: Complex network theory
subject: Engineering--Civil

description: Urban mobility is constantly challenged by congestion and unpredictable disruptions, making it more crucial than ever to understand and improve the resilience of urban road networks. Growing cities have necessitated reliable and efficient transportation systems, highlighting the importance of a thorough resilience study that analyzes the dynamics and complexities of road networks. Improving resilience is not only about addressing short-term traffic problems; it also aims to ensure the long-term sustainability and adaptability of urban infrastructure. This thesis presents a data-driven approach to investigate the spatiotemporal impact of daily non-recurring disruptions and the resilience of urban road networks. The underlying traffic propagation dynamics and recovery time, vulnerability, and resilience of an urban road network are examined using multi-year observed travel time and incident data. The study develops a statistical method to estimate event occurrence, restoration, and recovery times and formulates a new resilience metric inspired by the resilience triangle concept and complex network theory. The analysis captures the microscopic dynamics of affected road links in detail and allows for an accurate estimation of an incident’s occurrence, restoration, and recovery time. The results indicate that incidents are often detected earlier than reported, but the impact of those incidents remains on the network for a longer period than reported. In addition, areas with low resilience tend to be geographically clustered, often near high-demand regions that have low network densities, indicating inefficiency in the network and low resilience. This study demonstrates that the proposed methodology captures network responses to disruptions accurately and provides valuable insights for transport policy, including the strategic placement of recovery resources, such as police units, during disruptions. The findings of this study have significant implications for the improvement of urban road network resilience.
The molecular gas content of the Pipe Nebula I. Direct evidence of outflow-generated turbulence in B59?
Creators: name: Duarte-Cabral, A.
name: Chrysostomou, A.
name: Peretto, N.
name: Fuller, G. A.
name: Matthews, B.
name: Schieven, G.
name: Davis, G. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Pipe Nebula is a molecular cloud hosting the B59 region as its only active star-forming clump. While the particular importance of outflows in active star forming regions is subject of debate, the quiet nature of the gas in B59 makes it a good site to directly see the impact of protostellar feedback on the quiescent dense gas. Using HARP at the JCMT, we mapped the B59 region with the J=3-2 transition of 12CO to study the kinematics and energetics of the outflows, and 13CO and C18O to study the overall dynamics of the ambient cloud, the physical properties of the gas, and the hierarchical structure of the region. The B59 region has a total of 30Msun of cold and quiescent material, mostly gravitationally bound, with narrow line widths throughout. Such low levels of turbulence in non-star-forming sites of B59 are indicative of the intrinsic initial conditions of the cloud. On the other hand, close to the forming protostars the impact of the outflows is observed as a localised increase of both line widths from 0.3 to 1 km/s, and 13CO excitation temperatures by 2-3K. The impact of the outflows is also evident in the low column density material which shows signs of being pushed, shaped and carved by the outflow bow shocks as they pierce their way out of the cloud. Much of this structure is readily apparent in a dendrogram analysis of the cloud. The low mass of B59 together with its intrinsically quiescent gas and small number of protostars, allows the identification of specific regions where the outflows from the embedded sources interact the dense gas. Our study suggests that outflows are an important mechanism for injecting and sustaining supersonic turbulence at sub-parsec size scales. We find that less than half of the outflow energy is deposited as turbulent energy of the gas, however this turbulent energy is sufficient to slow down the collapse of the region.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Child Growth: Improving the Assessment and Communication
Creators: name: Elmrayed, Seham Abdulmajed A
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Childhood obesity
subject: Weight assessments
subject: Growth charts
subject: Preterm birth
subject: Age correction
subject: Body mass index
subject: Child growth
subject: Epidemiology

description: Childhood obesity is a major public health concern worldwide. Accurate assessment of child weight and effective communication of weight information to parents are key steps to promote optimal growth in children and prevent obesity. However, there are questions about which growth tools are the most appropriate to assess children’s weights in early years, a critical time for the diagnosis of obesity risk to facilitate timely interventions. Additionally, most parents do not understand growth information and often normalize their children’s unhealthy weights. While guidance recommends using growth charts for educating parents, there are gaps in the literature concerning the knowledge and perceptions of healthcare providers, as chart users, on growth charts as tools to assess and communicate child growth information. These gaps are addressed in this dissertation. The overarching aim of this dissertation is to explore the accuracy of clinical assessment and communication of child weight assessments, applying concepts and methodologies from public health, knowledge translation and epidemiology. In the first manuscript, we updated the evidence on the practice of age correction to promote the accurate assessment of preterm growth. Using longitudinal data for children born extremely and very preterm in Canada, our findings support the practice of age correction for all growth measures including weight, length/height and head circumference through 3 years corrected age. The second manuscript is an observational study assessing weight classifications in infancy and obesity prediction according to weight-for-length and body mass index, using Canadian public health data. The analyses demonstrated agreement between weight-for-length and body-mass-index weight classifications in infancy, warranting an assessment of the potential benefits of using body-mass-index to monitor infants’ weights. The third manuscript is an observational cross-sectional study exploring the knowledge and perceptions of Canadian healthcare providers of growth charts as tools to assess and communicate child growth. Data were gathered via a survey distributed to national medical and allied health organizations. Findings indicated substantial inconsistencies and variability in clinical practices of child weight assessments, including in the choice of the appropriate chart to use according to age, and the cut-offs to identify high and low weights. The results of the three manuscripts contribute to the field of child weight assessment, which are integrated into clinical recommendations and directions for future research.
Using Data Mining to Explore Why Community College Transfer Students Earn Bachelor’s Degrees With Excess Credits
Creators: name: Fink, John
name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
name: Kopko, Elizabeth Mary
name: Ran, Xiaotao
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Community college students
Community college students--Transfer
College credits
Bachelor of arts degree

description: Community college transfer students encounter challenges progressing toward a bachelor’s degree, leading to widespread transfer credit loss. This in turn may lower students’ chances of credential completion and increase the time and costs for students, their families, and taxpayers. This study reviews review three definitions of credit transfer inefficiency—credit transferability, credit applicability, and excess credits among completers—focusing on the last to examine why community college transfer students often end up with excess credits that do not count toward a bachelor’s degree. The authors use student transcript data from two state systems to examine the course-taking behaviors of community college transfer students who earn bachelor’s degrees with numerous excess credits and with few excess credits. Data-mining techniques enable them to examine a large number of variables that could explain the variation in students’ excess credits at graduation, including not only student demographics but also the types and timing of courses taken. Overall, more excess credits are associated with several factors, including taking larger proportions of 100- and 200-level courses and smaller proportions of 300-level courses throughout students’ progression toward completion, and taking 100-level courses in any subject—and specifically in math—immediately after transferring to a four-year institution. Findings suggest that institutions could help reduce credit transfer inefficiency by encouraging students to explore and choose a bachelor’s degree major early on so they can take the required lower division (100- and 200-level) courses at the community college and take mostly upper division 300- and 400-level courses in their desired major field once they transfer to a four-year institution.
Ab initio properties of Li-Group-II molecules for ultracold matter studies
Creators: name: Kotochigova, Svetlana
name: Kłos, Jacek
name: Petrov, Alexander
name: Linnik, Maria
name: Julienne, Paul S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic investigation of the electronic properties of the $^2Σ^+$ ground state of Li-alkaline-earth dimers. These molecules are proposed as possible candidates for quantum simulation of lattice-spin models. We apply powerful quantum chemistry coupled-cluster methods with large basis sets to calculate potential energies, permanent dipole moment, and electron density distributions for LiBe, LiMg, LiCa, LiSr, and LiYb. Our results reveal a surprising irregularity in the dissociation energy and bond length with an increase in the reduced mass of the molecule. At the same time the permanent dipole moment at the equilibrium separation has the smallest value between 0.01 a.u. and 0.1 a.u. for the heaviest (LiSr and LiYb) molecules and increases to 1.4 a.u. for the lightest (LiBe), where 1 a.u. is one atomic unit of dipole moment. We consider our study of the $^2Σ^+$ molecules a first step towards a comprehensive analysis of their interactions in an optical trap.
description: the manuscript has 10 pages and 7 figures; accepted by J. Chem. Phys. (November 2011)
Intrusion Detection Using Heterogeneous Data Sources
Creators: name: Abhari, Bardia
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Network Security
subject: Intrusion Detection
subject: Word Embedding
subject: Applied Machine Learning
subject: Multi Data Source
subject: Education--Sciences

description: Amidst the growing sophistication of cyber-attacks and malware, conventional Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) often fall short, primarily due to their reliance on single data sources, such as Network-based (NIDS) or Host-based Intrusion Detection Systems (HIDS). These systems tend to miss a comprehensive view of network activities, as highlighted in existing literature. Recent research efforts have attempted to integrate multiple heterogeneous data sources, yet often treat each data source in isolation, thereby overlooking the complex interrelations that exist among various data sources within the same network. This thesis introduces IMD-IDS, which stands apart by its ability to fuse multiple heterogeneous data sources effectively for anomaly detection. The centrepiece of IMD-IDS is a machine learning (ML) based detection engine trained concurrently on all available data sources, whether heterogeneous or not. This approach enables IMD-IDS to uncover and understand the intricate relationships between different data sources. To achiece this, a novel fusion algorithm is presented, leveraging BERT encoders to convert textual host data into numerical vectors. These vectors are then integrated with feature vectors derived from network data, forming a rich, combined dataset. The XGBoost model, employed within IMD-IDS, utilizes this unified dataset to enhance anomaly detection accuracy, benefiting from simultaneous access to diverse data sources. Through experimental validation, this thesis demonstrates that IMD-IDS achieves superior performance compared to previous multi-datasource IDS approaches, particularly in detecting both known and zero-day attacks. The results show an average performance improvement of 12\% and 10\%, respectively, for these attack types.
Variational formulas of higher order mean curvatures
Creators: name: Xu, Ling
name: Ge, Jianquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C42, 53C40

description: In this paper, we establish the first variational formula and its Euler-Lagrange equation for the total $2p$-th mean curvature functional $\mathcal {M}_{2p}$ of a submanifold $M^n$ in a general Riemannian manifold $N^{n+m}$ for $p=0,1,...,[\frac{n}{2}]$. As an example, we prove that closed complex submanifolds in complex projective spaces are critical points of the functional $\mathcal {M}_{2p}$, called relatively $2p$-minimal submanifolds, for all $p$. At last, we discuss the relations between relatively $2p$-minimal submanifolds and austere submanifolds in real space forms, as well as a special variational problem.
description: 13 pages, to appear in SCIENCE CHINA Mathematics 2012
Η λειτουργία της διοίκησης στην αθηναϊκή δημοκρατία με βάση την “Αθηναίων Πολιτεία” του Αριστοτέλη
Creators: name: Φραντζολάς, Ιωάννης Κωνσταντίνου-Θεόδωρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Αριστοτέλης
Αθηναίων Πολιτεία
διοίκηση στην αθηναϊκή δημοκρατία
Aristotle
Athenaion Politeia
administration in the athenian democracy

description: Θέμα της εργασίας αποτελεί η προσέγγιση της λειτουργίας της διοίκησης στην αθηναϊκή δημοκρατία, με βάση το κείμενο της Αθηναίων Πολιτείας του Αριστοτέλη, υπό το πρίσμα της διερεύνησης της πολιτικής οπτικής του απέναντι στο δημοκρατικό πολίτευμα, όπως διαμορφώθηκε μετά το τέλος του πελοποννησιακού πολέμου, καθώς και στις μορφές των πολιτευμάτων που προηγήθηκαν χρονολογικά κατά τον 6ο και 5ο αιώνα και παρουσιάζονται στο πρώτο μέρος του κειμένου (κεφ. I-XLI). Συνακόλουθα, διερευνάται το σύστημα της απονομής της δικαιοσύνης και της ανάθεσης των αξιωμάτων, και ο ρόλος που αυτό διαδραμάτισε στην εμπέδωση του δημοκρατικού πολιτεύματος ως ασφαλιστική δικλίδα του, την εποχή συγγραφής του έργου και περιγράφεται στο δεύτερο μέρος του κειμένου (κεφ. XLII-LXIX). Οι προβληματισμοί που αναφύονται από τα δύο μέρη της Αθηναίων Πολιτείας (και αφορούν άλλοτε τον ρόλο του πλήθους των πολιτών ως κύριου φορέα της δημοκρατίας, άλλοτε την ακεραιότητα στην πολιτική και την στάση και ευθύνη των πολιτών, ατομικά και ως συνόλου, απέναντι στα τεκταινόμενα του πολιτικού βίου), και αφετέρου οι θεμελιώδεις αρχές που εφηύρε και πάνω στις οποίες βασίστηκε η μορφή του δημοκρατικού πολιτεύματος της εποχής της συγγραφής του έργου, που αποτέλεσε διαχρονικά τη βάση και το πρότυπο των πολιτευμάτων της νεωτερικής εποχής, είναι οι άξονες γύρω από τους οποίους αναπτύσσονται οι επιμέρους ενότητες και εξάγονται τα συμπεράσματα
description: The aim of this paper is to approach the function of the administration in the athenian democracy upon the basis of Aristotle’s Athenaion Politeia. Aristotle’s political perspective towards the democratic constitution in the era after the peloponnesian war, has been studied, as well as the forms of the athenian constitution in the precedent 6th and 5th centuries in the way they are presented in the chapters I-XLI of the work. Consequently, the city’s administration and the judicial system, their role as a safeguard of the democracy, is also a matter of study, in the way they are described in the chapters XLII-LXIX of the work. The questions arisen from the two parts of the ‘Athenaion Politeia’ concern the role of the citizenry as the main factor of the athenian democracy, and also, the integrity in politics and the political responsibility undertaken by the citizens as individuals and as a whole. The fundamental principles, that inspired even the democratic constitutions of the modern era, are also taken into consideration in the analysis and the conclusions drawn
Zero bias conductance peak in Majorana wires made of semiconductor-superconductor hybrid structures
Creators: name: Lin, Chien-Hung
name: Sau, Jay D.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by a recent experimental report[1] claiming the likely observation of the Majorana mode in a semiconductor-superconductor hybrid structure[2,3,4,5], we study theoretically the dependence of the zero bias conductance peak associated with the zero-energy Majorana mode in the topological superconducting phase as a function of temperature, tunnel barrier potential, and a magnetic field tilted from the direction of the wire for realistic wires of finite lengths. We find that higher temperatures and tunnel barriers as well as a large magnetic field in the direction transverse to the wire length could very strongly suppress the zero-bias conductance peak as observed in Ref.[1]. We also show that a strong magnetic field along the wire could eventually lead to the splitting of the zero bias peak into a doublet with the doublet energy splitting oscillating as a function of increasing magnetic field. Our results based on the standard theory of topological superconductivity in a semiconductor hybrid structure in the presence of proximity-induced superconductivity, spin-orbit coupling, and Zeeman splitting show that the recently reported experimental data are generally consistent with the existing theory that led to the predictions for the existence of the Majorana modes in the semiconductor hybrid structures in spite of some apparent anomalies in the experimental observations at first sight. We also make several concrete new predictions for future observations regarding Majorana splitting in finite wires used in the experiments.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures: revised submitted version