cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pattern of Management Interventions’ Adoption and their Effect on Productivity of Indigenous Chicken in Kenya
Creators: name: Ochieng, Justus
name: Owuor, George
name: Bebe, Bockline Omedo
name: Ochieng, Justus
name: Owuor, George
name: Bebe, Bockline Omedo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Management Intervention Package
subject: Productivity
subject: Principal Component Analysis
subject: Cluster Analysis
subject: Smallholder
subject: Technologies

description: Despite intensive dissemination of management intervention package, there is low productivity and commercialization of indigenous chicken (Gallus domesticus) in Africa. The management intervention package comprises feed supplementation, housing, chick rearing, brooding and vaccination. Smallholder farmers often regard these management interventions as costly, risky, unprofitable, and inaccessible and that they require high technical knowledge. This paper emphasizes the role of management intervention package in productivity of smallholder indigenous chicken farmers. Principal Component Analysis combined with Cluster analysis was used to determine three homogenous groups adopting management interventions. The three groups are; feed supplementation and vaccination adopters, feed supplementation and brooding adopters and Full management intervention package adopters. The effect of these adopted management interventions was then analyzed using log linear regression model which takes the form of Cobb-Douglas production function. The results indicated that farmers who had adopted full management intervention package as recommended by extension had higher productive performance than farmers who modified and selectively adopted components of management intervention package. Other socio-economic factors that significantly influenced productivity were farm production assets, expenditure on feeds, labour, access to extension, group membership and female gender. The study recommends the formulation and implementation of pro-poor policies aimed at improving socio-economic conditions of the smallholders to enable them fully adopt the recommended management intervention package. This would increase productivity of indigenous chicken thereby improving food and income security in rural areas of Africa.
description: Contributed Paper presented at the China Agricultural Economic Review and International Food Policy Research Institute (CAER-IFPRI) 2010 Conference on Agriculture and the Wealth of Nations in Beijing, China, October 16-17,2010.
The velocity structure of Cygnus OB2
Creators: name: Arnold, Becky
name: Goodwin, Simon P.
name: Wright, Nick J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinematic structure of the Cygnus OB2 association is investigated. No evidence of expansion or contraction is found at any scale within the region. Stars that are within $\sim$ 0.5 parsecs of one another are found to have more similar velocities than would be expected by random chance, and so it is concluded that velocity substructure exists on these scales. At larger scales velocity substructure is not found. We suggest that bound substructures exist on scales of $\sim$ 0.5 parsecs, despite the region as a whole being unbound. We further suggest that any velocity substructure that existed on scales > 0.5 parsecs has been erased. The results of this study are then compared to those of other kinematic studies of Cygnus OB2.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted in MNRAS
Multitype entanglement dynamics induced by exceptional points
Creators: name: Li, Zigeng
name: Huang, Xinyao
name: Zhu, Hongyan
name: Zhang, Guofeng
name: Wang, Fan
name: Zhong, Xiaolan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a most important feature of non-Hermitian systems, exceptional points (EPs) lead to a variety of unconventional phenomena and applications. Here, we study a generic model composed of two coupled non-Hermitian qubits, the EPs can be easily obtained in this system by adjusting the driving amplitude applied to the qubits. The diverse entanglement dynamics on the two sides of the original fourth-order EP (EP4') and second order EP (EP2) can be observed simultaneously in the weak coupling regime. With the increase of the coupling strength, the EP4' is replaced by an additional EP2, leading to the disappearance of the entanglement dynamics changing induced by EP4' in the strong coupling regime. Considering the case of Ising type interaction, we also realize EP-induced entanglement dynamics changing without the driving field. Our study paves the way for the investigation of EP-induced quantum effects and applications of EP-related quantum technologies.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 3 of Configuration of active site segments in lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases steers oxidative xyloglucan degradation
Creators: name: Peicheng Sun
name: Laurent, Christophe V. F. P.
name: Scheiblbrandner, Stefan
name: Frommhagen, Matthias
name: Kouzounis, Dimitrios
name: Sanders, Mark G.
name: Berkel, Willem J. H. Van
name: Ludwig, Roland
name: Kabel, Mirjam A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Structure-based amino acid “segments only” sequence alignment of AA9 LPMOs.
Picard groups in rational conformal field theory
Creators: name: Fröhlich, Jürg
name: Fuchs, Jürgen
name: Runkel, Ingo
name: Schweigert, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T40,18D10,18D35,81T45

description: Algebra and representation theory in modular tensor categories can be combined with tools from topological field theory to obtain a deeper understanding of rational conformal field theories in two dimensions: It allows us to establish the existence of sets of consistent correlation functions, to demonstrate some of their properties in a model-independent manner, and to derive explicit expressions for OPE coefficients and coefficients of partition functions in terms of invariants of links in three-manifolds. We show that a Morita class of (symmetric special) Frobenius algebras $A$ in a modular tensor category $\calc$ encodes all data needed to describe the correlators. A Morita-invariant formulation is provided by module categories over $\calc$. Together with a bimodule-valued fiber functor, the system (tensor category + module category) can be described by a weak Hopf algebra. The Picard group of the category $\calc$ can be used to construct examples of symmetric special Frobenius algebras. The Picard group of the category of $A$-bimodules describes the internal symmetries of the theory and allows one to identify generalized Kramers-Wannier dualities.
description: Invited talk by C.S. at the conference on Non-commutative geometry and representation theory in mathematical physics (Karlstad, Sweden, July 2004). To appear in the proceedings
ANÁLISE DE CUSTO DA PRODUÇÃO DO MILHO SAFRINHA: UM ESTUDO NUMA PEQUENA PROPRIEDADE
Creators: name: Da Silva, Rodrigo Calderao
name: Vaz Lopes, Antonio Carlos
name: Da Silva, Rodrigo Calderao
name: Vaz Lopes, Antonio Carlos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: custo de produção
subject: milho safrinha
subject: pequena propriedade
subject: agricultura familiar
subject: Cost of production
subject: corn Small crop
subject: small property
subject: family farming

description: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e demonstrar os custos de produção e de rentabilidade no cultivo do milho safrinha, tendo como meio utilizado a contabilidade, em especial a de custo, sob o enfoque gerencial, para assim auxiliar no controle e ajudar nas tomadas de decisão. Para realização da pesquisa foi utilizado o método de estudo caso, numa pequena propriedade no município de Itaporã, situado na região Sul de Mato Grosso do Sul, foram coletados dados, analisadas as operações realizadas e acompanhamento das atividades. Após estudos dos conceitos e analises dos dados coletados foram feitos os cálculos necessários propiciando assim informações para o resultado da pesquisa e auxilio ao gestor na tomada de decisão acerca da atividade. Concluindo que o milho apresenta viabilidade e rentabilidade levando em consideração que no período da cultura que é em uma época considerada marginal para maioria das culturas, constituindo mais uma alternativa de receita para o produtor. This study aims to examine and demonstrate the cost of production and profitability in the cultivation of maize small crop with the means used the accounts, particularly that of cost, under the managerial approach, thus assisting in the control and assist in the acquisition of decision. For realization of the research method was used to study the case, a small property in the municipality of Itaporã, located in the southern region of Mato Grosso do Sul, data were collected, analyzed the operations and monitoring activities. After studies of the concepts and analysis of the data collected were made the calculations required thereby providing information to the search result and help the manager in decision-making about the activity. Concluding that the corn shows viability and profitability taking into consideration that in the period of culture which is a time considered marginal for most crops, providing yet another alternative of revenue for the producer.
Leveraging Organizational Resources to Adapt Models to New Data Modalities
Creators: name: Suri, Sahaana
name: Chanda, Raghuveer
name: Bulut, Neslihan
name: Narayana, Pradyumna
name: Zeng, Yemao
name: Bailis, Peter
name: Basu, Sugato
name: Narlikar, Girija
name: Re, Christopher
name: Sethi, Abishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As applications in large organizations evolve, the machine learning (ML) models that power them must adapt the same predictive tasks to newly arising data modalities (e.g., a new video content launch in a social media application requires existing text or image models to extend to video). To solve this problem, organizations typically create ML pipelines from scratch. However, this fails to utilize the domain expertise and data they have cultivated from developing tasks for existing modalities. We demonstrate how organizational resources, in the form of aggregate statistics, knowledge bases, and existing services that operate over related tasks, enable teams to construct a common feature space that connects new and existing data modalities. This allows teams to apply methods for training data curation (e.g., weak supervision and label propagation) and model training (e.g., forms of multi-modal learning) across these different data modalities. We study how this use of organizational resources composes at production scale in over 5 classification tasks at Google, and demonstrate how it reduces the time needed to develop models for new modalities from months to weeks to days.
Moment inequalities for functions of independent random variables
Creators: name: Boucheron, Stephane
name: Bousquet, Olivier
name: Lugosi, Gabor
name: Massart, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E15, 60C05, 28A35 (Primary) 05C80 (Secondary)

description: A general method for obtaining moment inequalities for functions of independent random variables is presented. It is a generalization of the entropy method which has been used to derive concentration inequalities for such functions [Boucheron, Lugosi and Massart Ann. Probab. 31 (2003) 1583-1614], and is based on a generalized tensorization inequality due to Latala and Oleszkiewicz [Lecture Notes in Math. 1745 (2000) 147-168]. The new inequalities prove to be a versatile tool in a wide range of applications. We illustrate the power of the method by showing how it can be used to effortlessly re-derive classical inequalities including Rosenthal and Kahane-Khinchine-type inequalities for sums of independent random variables, moment inequalities for suprema of empirical processes and moment inequalities for Rademacher chaos and U-statistics. Some of these corollaries are apparently new. In particular, we generalize Talagrand's exponential inequality for Rademacher chaos of order 2 to any order. We also discuss applications for other complex functions of independent random variables, such as suprema of Boolean polynomials which include, as special cases, subgraph counting problems in random graphs.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000856 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Percolation renormalization group analysis of confinement in $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theories
Creators: name: Dünnweber, Gesa
name: Linsel, Simon M.
name: Bohrdt, Annabelle
name: Grusdt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analytical study of confinement in lattice gauge theories (LGTs) remains a difficult task to this day. Taking a geometric perspective on confinement, we develop a real-space renormalization group (RG) formalism for $\mathbb{Z}_2$ LGTs using percolation probability as a confinement order parameter. The RG flow we analyze is constituted by both the percolation probability and the coupling parameters. We consider a classical $\mathbb{Z}_2$ LGT in two dimensions, with matter and thermal fluctuations, and analytically derive the confinement phase diagram. We find good agreement with numerical and exact benchmark results and confirm that a finite matter density enforces confinement at $T<\infty$ in the model we consider. Our RG scheme enables future analytical studies of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ LGTs with matter and quantum fluctuations and beyond.
description: 7+6 pages, 8+1 figures
A Dependência Crescente do Agronegócio para os Saldos de Comércio Exterior Brasileiro, 1998 a 2007
Creators: name: Nascimento, Katiucy Lemes
name: Nascimento, Carlos Alves
name: Cardozo, Soraia Aparecida
name: Nascimento, Katiucy Lemes
name: Nascimento, Carlos Alves
name: Cardozo, Soraia Aparecida
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Agronegócio
subject: Balança comercial
subject: Comércio exterior
subject: Agribusiness
subject: Trade balance
subject: Foreign trade

description: O artigo apresenta dados que mostram a importância do agronegócio para a geração de superávits na conta de comércio exterior brasileiro. Apresenta também quais produtos do agronegócio têm maior participação no desempenho do setor. Objetiva, nesse sentido, contribuir para o debate acerca da perspectiva do saldo comercial brasileiro ficar cada vez mais dependente das exportações do agronegócio e de setores com menor conteúdo tecnológico. The paper presents data that shows the importance of the agribusiness for the generation of superavits in the Brazilian foreign trade. It presents also which products of the agribusiness have bigger participation in the performance of the sector. It aims, in that sense, contribute for the debate about the perspective of the Brazilian trade balance stayed more and more dependent of the exportations of the agribusiness and of sectors with smaller technological content.
New method for analysis of electrooptical response in liquid crystal devices with non-monotonous relaxation
Creators: name: Jirón, Vanessa
name: Castellón, Erick
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: In the design and development of liquid crystal (LC) devices, it is crucial to determine the characteristic times of optical responses in devices driven with applied electric fields. These characteristic times associated with relaxation processes of the LC upon application (on) or removal (off) of an electric field are commonly calculated through measurement of the interval between 10% and 90% of the total change. Signals with non-monotonic oscillatory patterns originating either from the influence of backflow processes or from the variation in the phase shift between the anisotropic refractive indices in the reorientation dynamics complicate such a determination of the response times of LC devices. To obtain response times in LC devices with non-monotonous relaxation processes, we developed a novel numeric method that suppresses the oscillatory component of the signal and allows a direct determination of the characteristic times. The technique was validated with simulations of smooth and noisy data sets and was also applied to experimental data obtained from LC devices based on the LC 4-n-pentyl-4ʹ-cyanobiphenyl (5CB). The obtained results confirm that the method is reliable and applicable to data sets with complicated oscillatory patterns.
Hardness of efficiently generating ground states in postselected quantum computation
Creators: name: Takeuchi, Yuki
name: Takahashi, Yasuhiro
name: Tani, Seiichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generating ground states of any local Hamiltonians seems to be impossible in quantum polynomial time. In this paper, we give evidence for the impossibility by applying an argument used in the quantum-computational-supremacy approach. More precisely, we show that if ground states of any $3$-local Hamiltonians can be approximately generated in quantum polynomial time with postselection, then ${\sf PP}={\sf PSPACE}$. Our result is superior to the existing findings in the sense that we reduce the impossibility to an unlikely relation between classical complexity classes. We also discuss what makes efficiently generating the ground states hard for postselected quantum computation.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, close to published version
Dynamics at the angle of repose: jamming, bistability, and collapse
Creators: name: Luck, J. M.
name: Mehta, Anita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a sandpile relaxes under vibration, it is known that its measured angle of repose is bistable in a range of values bounded by a material-dependent maximal angle of stability; thus, at the same angle of repose, a sandpile can be stationary or avalanching, depending on its history. In the nearly jammed slow dynamical regime, sandpile collapse to a zero angle of repose can also occur, as a rare event. We claim here that fluctuations of {\it dilatancy} (or local density) are the key ingredient that can explain such varied phenomena. In this work, we model the dynamics of the angle of repose and of the density fluctuations, in the presence of external noise, by means of coupled stochastic equations. Among other things, we are able to describe sandpile collapse in terms of an activated process, where an effective temperature (related to the density as well as to the external vibration intensity) competes against the configurational barriers created by the density fluctuations.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure. Minor changes and updates
Perfect matchings after vertex deletions in n-dimensional lattice graphs
Creators: name: Yang, Hangjun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis studies lattice graphs which are readily seen to have many perfect matchings and considers whether if we delete vertices the resulting graphs continue to have perfect matchings. It is clear that one can destroy the property of having a perfect matching by deleting an odd number of vertices, by deleting all the neighbours of a given vertex, etc. Besides these trivial "destructions", in order to guarantee the resulting graph still have perfect matchings, we require the deleted vertices to be mutually far apart. In this thesis, we consider an n-dimensional lattice graph Q(m, n) with bipartition of black and white vertices, where m is even. If the distance of any two deleted black (or white) vertices is greater than 4n(n + l)y/m, then the resulting graph (after vertex deletions) continues to have a perfect matching.
Magnetoelectric effects in diffusive two-dimensional superconductors studied by the nonlinear $σ$ model
Creators: name: Virtanen, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a numerical approach to modeling magnetoelectric effects generated by spin-orbit coupling in inhomogeneous diffusive 2D superconductors. It is based on direct minimization of the free energy of diffusion modes, including their coupling to the spin-orbit field strength, described by a recently discovered $σ$-model action. We explain how to retain exact conservation laws in the discretized model, and detail the numerical procedure. We apply the approach to the spin-galvanic and the inverse spin-galvanic effects in finite-size 2D superconductors, and describe short-range oscillations of circulating currents and spin densities originating from the spin-orbit coupling.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Enhancement of critical current density in (Ba,Na)Fe2As2 round wires using high-pressure sintering
Creators: name: Pyon, Sunseng
name: Miyawaki, Daisuke
name: Tamegai, Tsuyoshi
name: Awaji, Satoshi
name: Kito, Hijiri
name: Ishida, Shigeyuki
name: Yoshida, Yoshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fabricated (Ba,Na)Fe2As2 superconducting wires using the powder-in-tube method and hot isostatic pressing. By improving powder synthesis processes compared with previous studies, highly pure raw materials for the wire fabrication were obtained. The largest transport critical current density (Jc) reached 40 kAcm-2 at T = 4.2 K under a magnetic field of 100 kOe. This value exceeds not only the value of transport Jc of the previous (Ba,Na)Fe2As2 wire but also those of all iron-based superconducting round wires. Improvements of polycrystalline powder synthesis play a key role for the enhancement of Jc. Furthermore, it was clarified that higher densification by high-pressure sintering and the texturing of grains in the core of the wire due to drawing also increased Jc effectively. Advantages of (Ba,Na)Fe2As2 wires compared with (Ba,K)Fe2As2 wires are also discussed.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 2 of Configuration of active site segments in lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases steers oxidative xyloglucan degradation
Creators: name: Peicheng Sun
name: Laurent, Christophe V. F. P.
name: Scheiblbrandner, Stefan
name: Frommhagen, Matthias
name: Kouzounis, Dimitrios
name: Sanders, Mark G.
name: Berkel, Willem J. H. Van
name: Ludwig, Roland
name: Kabel, Mirjam A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Structure-based amino acid “full sequence” alignment of AA9 LPMOs.
Probing the 5th Dimension with the QCD String
Creators: name: Brower, Richard C.
name: Tan, Chung-I
name: Thompson, Ethan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A salient feature of String/Gauge duality is an extra 5th dimension. Here we study the effect of confining deformations of AdS5 and compute the spectrum of a string stretched between infinitely massive quarks and compare it with the quantum states of the QCD flux as determined by Kuti, Juge and Morningstar in lattice simulations. In the long flux tube limit the AdS string probes the metric near the IR cutoff of the 5th dimension with a spectrum approximated by a Nambu-Goto string in 4-d flat space, whereas at short distance the string moves to the UV region with a discrete spectrum for pure AdS5. We also review earlier results on glueballs states and the cross-over between hard and soft diffractive scattering that support this picture.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, invited talk by Brower and Tan at the Eighth Workshop on Non-Perturbative Quantum Chromodynamcis, June (2004)
Electro-optical properties of a liquid crystalline colloidal solution of rod shaped V2O5 nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes in an alternating current electric field
Creators: name: Kredentser, S.
name: Tomylko, S.
name: Mykytiuk, T.
name: Zhulai, D.
name: Multian, V.
name: Kurochkin, O.
name: Styopkin, V.
name: Nazarenko, V.
name: Boichuk, N.
name: Vitusevich, S.
name: Senenko, A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: We study the liquid crystalline phase behaviour of the two-component aqueous colloidal suspensions of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and rod-like vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanoparticles. The phase diagram features a stable nematic phase in a wide range of concentration of solid components. The oriented nematic phase of the two-component suspension was exposed to the action of alternating current electric field. A variation in MWCNTs concentration within 0.01–0.51 wt.% demonstrates a significant increase in the optical response of the system to the applied electric field.
Stable quantum systems in anti-de Sitter space: Causality, independence and spectral properties
Creators: name: Buchholz, Detlev
name: Summers, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If a state is passive for uniformly accelerated observers in n-dimensional anti-de Sitter space-time (i.e. cannot be used by them to operate a perpetuum mobile), they will (a) register a universal value of the Unruh temperature, (b) discover a PCT symmetry, and (c) find that observables in complementary wedge-shaped regions necessarily commute with each other in this state. The stability properties of such a passive state induce a "geodesic causal structure" on AdS and concommitant locality relations. It is shown that observables in these complementary wedge-shaped regions fulfill strong additional independence conditions. In two-dimensional AdS these even suffice to enable the derivation of a nontrivial, local, covariant net indexed by bounded spacetime regions. All these results are model-independent and hold in any theory which is compatible with a weak notion of space-time localization. Examples are provided of models satisfying the hypotheses of these theorems.
description: 27 pages, 1 figure: dedicated to Jacques Bros on the occasion of his 70th birthday. Revised version: typos corrected; as to appear in J. Math. Phys
The Mergers in Abell 2256: Displaced Gas and its Connection to the Radio-emitting Plasma
Creators: name: Breuer, J. P.
name: Werner, N.
name: Mernier, F.
name: Mroczkowski, T.
name: Simionescu, A.
name: Clarke, T. E.
name: ZuHone, J. A.
name: Di Mascolo, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of deep Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray imaging and spatially-resolved spectroscopy of Abell 2256, a nearby (z=0.058) galaxy cluster experiencing multiple mergers and displaying a rich radio morphology dominated by a large relic. The X-ray data reveals three subclusters: (i) the `main cluster'; (ii) the remnant of an older merger in the east of the cluster with a ~ 600 kpc long tail; (iii) a bright, bullet-like, low-entropy infalling system, with a large line-of-sight velocity component. The low-entropy system displays a 250 kpc long cold front with a break and an intriguing surface brightness decrement. Interestingly, the infalling gas is not co-spatial with bright galaxies and the radio loud brightest cluster galaxy of the infalling group appears dissociated from the low entropy plasma by 50 kpc in projection, to the south of the eastern edge of the cold front. Assuming that the dark matter follows the galaxy distribution, we predict that it is also significantly offset from the low-entropy gas. Part of the low frequency radio emission near the cold front might be revived by magnetic field amplification due to differential gas motions. Using analytical models and numerical simulations, we investigate the possibility that the supersonic infall of the subcluster generates a large scale shock along our line-of-sight, which can be detected in the X-ray temperature map but is not associated with any clear features in the surface brightness distribution.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. The online supplement is available at https://bit.ly/ShockSupplement
ALPINE: An adaptive language-agnostic pruning method for language models for code
Creators: name: Saad, Mootez
name: López, José Antonio Hernández
name: Chen, Boqi
name: Varró, Dániel
name: Sharma, Tushar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Language models of code have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance across various software engineering and source code analysis tasks. However, their demanding computational resource requirements and consequential environmental footprint remain as significant challenges. This work introduces ALPINE, an adaptive programming language-agnostic pruning technique designed to substantially reduce these models' computational overhead. The proposed method offers a pluggable layer that can be integrated with all Transformer-based models. With ALPINE, input sequences undergo adaptive compression throughout the pipeline, reaching a size up to $\times 3$ less their initial size, resulting in significantly reduced computational load. Our experiments on two software engineering tasks, defect prediction and code clone detection across three language models CodeBERT, GraphCodeBERT and UniXCoder show that ALPINE achieves up to a 50% reduction in FLOPs, a 58.1% decrease in memory footprint, and a 28.1% improvement in throughput on average. This led to a reduction in CO2 by up to $44.85$%. Importantly, it achieves the reduction in computation resources while maintaining up to 98.1% of the original predictive performance. These findings highlight the potential of ALPINE in making language models of code more resource-efficient and accessible while preserving their performance, contributing to the overall sustainability of adopting language models in software development. Also, it sheds light on redundant and noisy information in source code analysis corpora, as shown by the substantial sequence compression achieved by ALPINE.
description: Accepted to the The ACM International Conference on the Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE) (FSE 2025)
Fertility and Female Work Force Participation in Bangladesh: Causality and Cointegration
Creators: name: Hossain, Mohammad
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Hossain, Mohammad
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Fertility
subject: Female Labor Force Participation
subject: Causality

description: This paper examines the causal links between fertility and female labor force participation in Bangladesh over the period 1974-2000 by specifying a bivariate and several trivariate models in a vector error correction framework. The three trivariate models alternatively include average age at first marriage for females, per capita GDP and infant mortality rate, which control for the effects of other socio-economic factors on fertility and female labor force participation. All the specified models indicate an inverse long-run relationship between fertility and female labor force participation. While the bivariate model also indicates bidirectional causality, the multivariate models confirm only a unidirectional causality – from labor force participation to fertility. Further, per capita GDP and infant mortality rate appear to Granger-cause both fertility and female labor force participation.
Runtime Analysis of Evolutionary Algorithms with Biased Mutation for the Multi-Objective Minimum Spanning Tree Problem
Creators: name: Roostapour, Vahid
name: Bossek, Jakob
name: Neumann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are general-purpose problem solvers that usually perform an unbiased search. This is reasonable and desirable in a black-box scenario. For combinatorial optimization problems, often more knowledge about the structure of optimal solutions is given, which can be leveraged by means of biased search operators. We consider the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) problem in a single- and multi-objective version, and introduce a biased mutation, which puts more emphasis on the selection of edges of low rank in terms of low domination number. We present example graphs where the biased mutation can significantly speed up the expected runtime until (Pareto-)optimal solutions are found. On the other hand, we demonstrate that bias can lead to exponential runtime if heavy edges are necessarily part of an optimal solution. However, on general graphs in the single-objective setting, we show that a combined mutation operator which decides for unbiased or biased edge selection in each step with equal probability exhibits a polynomial upper bound -- as unbiased mutation -- in the worst case and benefits from bias if the circumstances are favorable.
description: To be presented at GECCO 2020
Der Meister von Cappenberg
Creators: name: Tschira Van Oyen, Gundula
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2020

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Vol. 25 No. 12 (1972): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Closing the Gender Gap in Bangladesh: Inequality in Education, Employment and Earnings
Creators: name: Mohammad, Hossain
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Mohammad, Hossain
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Bangladesh
subject: Women’s empowerment
subject: Female labour force participation
subject: Female education
subject: Gender wage differentials

description: Assesses the status of women in Bangladesh by analysing the dynamics of female participation in labour force and education as well as gender earnings differentials at the macro level. The study finds evidence of growing commercialisation of women’s work in Bangladesh. Although the bulk of the female labour force is engaged in self-employment activities in the rural area or in low-skilled textile and readymade garment industries in the urban area, women’s participation in high-skill and entrepreneurial jobs as well as various decision-making bodies is also on the rise. While the gender wage differentials have been considerably reduced in many industries, in general women tend to be paid less than men. There have been remarkable improvements in women’s educational attainments compared to men. Further, female access to education is found to be highly correlated with overall female labour force participation, and relative to male participation. The overall results are suggestive of an improvement in the status of women in Bangladesh.
Traveling waves at the surface of active liquid crystals
Creators: name: Gulati, Paarth
name: Caballero, Fernando
name: Kolvin, Itamar
name: You, Zhihong
name: Marchetti, M. Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active liquid crystals exert nonequilibrium stresses on their surroundings through constant consumption of energy, giving rise to dynamical steady states not present in equilibrium. The paradigmatic example of an active liquid crystal is a suspension of microtubule bundles powered by kinesin motor proteins, which exhibits self-sustained spatiotemporal chaotic flows. This system has been modelled using continuum theories that couple the microtubule orientation to active flows. Recently the focus has shifted to the interfacial properties of mixtures of active liquid crystals and passive fluids. Active/passive interfaces have been shown to support propagating capillary waves in the absence of inertia and offer a promising route for relating experimental parameters to those of the continuum theory. In this paper we report the derivation of a minimal model that captures the linear dynamics of the interface between an active liquid crystal and a passive fluid. We show that the dynamics of the interface, although powered by active flows throughout the bulk, is qualitatively captured by equations that couple non-reciprocally interface height and nematic director at the interface. This minimal model reproduces the dynamical structure factor evaluated from numerical simulations and the qualitative form of the wave dispersion relation seen in experiments.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures; Updated title, and Fig.5
Supplementary document for C3SI - Compact Complementary Compressed Spectral Imaging - 7224457.pdf
Creators: name: Chen, Bingliang
name: Yue, Qiuyu
name: Liu, Xinyu
name: Yu, Zeqing
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Zhang, Qiangbo
name: Wang, Chang
name: Zheng, Zhenrong
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Image Processing
Computer Engineering

description: Supplementary document for C3SI - Compact Complementary Compressed Spectral Imaging
Resolution to the $B\toϕK^*$ polarization puzzle
Creators: name: Li, Hsiang-nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We resolve the $B\toϕK^{*}$ polarization puzzle by postulating a smaller $B\to K^*$ form factor $A_0\approx 0.3$ and by adding penguin annihilation and nonfactorizable contributions from the perturbative QCD approach. If this explanation is valid, the penguin-dominated modes governed by the $B\to K^*$ form factors, such as $B^+\to K^{*+} K^{*0}$ and $B^0\to K^{*0} {\bar K}^{*0}$, should exhibit similar polarization fractions. Our resolution is compared with others in the literature, and experimental discrimination is proposed.
description: 8 pages, numerical results revised, conclusion unchanged
A Very Effective and Simple Diffusion Reconstruction for the Diluted Ising Model
Creators: name: Bae, Stefano
name: Marinari, Enzo
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusion-based generative models are machine learning models that use diffusion processes to learn the probability distribution of high-dimensional data. In recent years, they have become extremely successful in generating multimedia content. However, it is still unknown if such models can be used to generate high-quality datasets of physical models. In this work, we use a Landau-Ginzburg-like diffusion model to infer the distribution of a $2D$ bond-diluted Ising model. Our approach is simple and effective, and we show that the generated samples reproduce correctly the statistical and critical properties of the physical model.
On the stochastic calculus method for spins systems
Creators: name: Tindel, Samy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82D30, 60G15, 60H10. (Primary)

description: In this note we show how to generalize the stochastic calculus method introduced by Comets and Neveu [Comm. Math. Phys. 166 (1995) 549-564] for two models of spin glasses, namely, the SK model with external field and the perceptron model. This method allows to derive quite easily some fluctuation results for the free energy in those two cases.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000919 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Poverty - Dynamic and Sustainability Perspectives Implications for Welfare and Policy with Reference to India
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: India
subject: markets and poverty
subject: poverty alleviation policy
subject: poverty dynamics
subject: sustainable communities

description: After outlining some comparative features of poverty in India, this article reviews critically recent literature on the dynamics of poverty. On economic efficiency grounds, it rejects the view that the chronically poor are more deserving than the non-chronic poor of poverty assistance. Mechanisms of households and communities for coping with poverty are discussed. The possibility is raised that where poverty has been persistent that rational methods for coping with it are likely to be well established, and less suffering may occur than for households and communities thrown temporarily into poverty. However, situations can also be envisaged where such rational behaviours deepen the poverty trap and create unfavourable externalities for poverty alleviation. Conflict can arise between programmes to alleviate poverty in poor communities and the sustainability of these communities and their local cultures. Problems posed by this are discussed. Furthermore, the impact of market extension on poor landholders is considered. In contrast to the prevailing view that increased market extension and liberalisation is favourable to poor farmers, it is argued that inescapable market transaction cost makes it difficult for the poor to survive as landholders in a fluid and changing market system. The likelihood of poor landholders joining the landless poor rises, and if they migrate from the countryside to the city they face further adjustment hurdles. Consequently, poor landholders may be poorer after the extension of the market system and only their offspring may reap benefits from market reforms.
Quasi-one-dimensional anisotropic Heisenberg model in a transverse magnetic field
Creators: name: Dmitriev, D. V.
name: Krivnov, V. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagram of weakly coupled $XXZ$ chains in a transverse magnetic field is studied using the mean-field approximation for the interchain coupling and known exact results for an effective one-dimensional model. Results are applied to the quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnet $Cs_{2}CoCl_{4}$ and the value of interchain interaction in this compound is estimated.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Synthesis, mesomorphic and geometrical approaches of new non-symmetrical system based on central naphthalene moiety
Creators: name: Ahmed, Hoda A.
name: El-Atawy, Mohamed A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: New non-symmetrical homologues series based on central naphthalene moiety, (E)-4-(4-(hexyloxy phenyl diazenylnaphthalene-1-yl-4ʹ-alkoxybenzoate (I6/n), were synthesised and their mesomorphic properties was investigated. The prepared group constitutes four homologues bearing two terminal alkoxy chains of different proportionation. Elemental analyses, FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy were carried out to elucidate their molecular structures. Examination of their mesomorphic properties, were conducted via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarised optical microscopy (POM). DSC and POM investigations indicated that all the synthesised homologues are monomorphic possessing the enantiotropic nematic (N) phase. A comparative study was conducted between the present investigated central naphthalene series (I6/n) and their corresponding central benzene analogues (II6/n). The results indicated that, the mesophase type and stability as well as the mesophase temperature are affected by the protrusion of the naphthalene group. Theoretical calculations are in accordance with the experimental values of the investigated series. Moreover, the location of naphthalene group in the centre of the molecular geometry, increases the rigidity of the molecule, thus affects their thermal and physical parameters. The experimentally determined nematic stability was correlated with the calculated parameters and the study reveals that there are many factors sharing together to different extents in the enhancement of the behaviour of the observed nematic phase, depending on the different proportionation of the terminal lengths.