cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplemental text from Spatial synchrony is related to environmental change in Finnish moth communities
Creators: name: Dallas, Tad A.
name: Antao, Laura H.
name: Pöyry, Juha
name: Leinonen, Reima
name: Otso Ovaskainen
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Spatially distinct pairs of sites may have similarly fluctuating population dynamics across large geographical distances, a phenomenon called spatial synchrony. However, species rarely exist in isolation, but rather as members of interactive communities, linked with other communities through dispersal (i.e. a metacommunity). Using data on Finnish moth communities sampled across 65 sites for 20 years, we examine the complex synchronous(anti-synchronous) relationships among sites using the geography of synchrony framework. We relate site-level synchrony to mean and temporal variation in climatic data, finding that colder and drier sites—and those with the most drastic temperature increases—are important for spatial synchrony. This suggests that faster warming sites contribute most strongly to site-level estimates of synchrony, highlighting the role of a changing climate to spatial synchrony. Considering the spatial variability in climate change rates is therefore important to understand metacommunity dynamics and identify habitats which contribute most strongly to spatial synchrony.
Consistent Interactions of the 2+1 Dimensional Noncommutative Chern-Simons Field
Creators: name: Asano, E. A.
name: Brito, L. C. T.
name: Gomes, M.
name: Petrov, A. Yu.
name: da Silva, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider 2+1 dimensional noncommutative models of scalar and fermionic fields coupled to the Chern-Simons field. We show that, at least up to one loop, the model containing only a fermionic field in the fundamental representation minimally coupled to the Chern-Simons field is consistent in the sense that there are no nonintegrable infrared divergences. By contrast, dangerous infrared divergences occur if the fermion field belongs to the adjoint representation or if the coupling of scalar matter is considered instead. The superfield formulation of the supersymmetric Chern-Simons model is also analyzed and shown to be free of nonintegrable infrared singularities and actually finite if the matter field belongs to the fundamental representation of the supergauge group. In the case of the adjoint representation this only happens in a particular gauge.
description: minor corrections and some references added
From the Netherlands to Canada : immigrant discourses on the transnational experience, race, and space
Creators: name: Vermeulen, Elisabeth Margrieta
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In the wake of increased emigration from the Netherlands over the last several years, the aim of this thesis is to examine the main motivating factors that inform current Dutch migration practices to Canada. In this qualitative, multi-sited research comprised of 34 participants, considerable attention is given to examine the popular notions linking this observed increase in emigration to the growing politicization of issues related to immigration and racialization in the Netherlands itself, including the murder of politician Pirn Fortuyn and filmmaker Theo van Gogh. A transnational framework is used to address aspects related to the role of the media, the family, the maintenance of ties with the country of origin, the contestation of the notion of immigration, and the role of the nation-state in creating differentiated access to immigration. An overview of the motivations that informs the participants' decision to immigrate to Canada reveals that there is a cluster of overlapping reasons, often predicated on the historic notion that Holland is overpopulated. Motivations include a dislike of the current politicization of issues related to immigrants in Holland; a perceived lack of space and nature; frustration with rules and regulations; and, a perceived negative shift in socio-cultural attitude. In addition, current Dutch migration to Canada exemplifies a migration flow where economic motivators are no longer the centre point informing their decision to migrate, and the participants' migration practices also exemplify new considerations for how the concept of transmigrants is used in transnational migration studies.
Multivariate Monte Carlo Methods for the Reflection Grating Spectrometers on XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Peterson, J. R.
name: Jernigan, J. G.
name: Kahn, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel multivariate Monte Carlo method as an efficient and flexible approach to analyzing extended X-ray sources with the Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) on XMM Newton. A multi-dimensional interpolation method is used to efficiently calculate the response function for the RGS in conjunction with an arbitrary spatially-varying spectral model. Several methods of event comparison that effectively compare the multivariate RGS data are discussed. The use of a multi-dimensional instrument Monte Carlo also creates many opportunities for the use of complex astrophysical Monte Carlo calculations in diffuse X-ray spectroscopy. The methods presented here could be generalized to other X-ray instruments as well.
description: 36 pages, 14 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Determinantes de Longo Prazo do Produto e da Produtividade Total dos Fatores da Agropecuária Brasileira no Período 1974-2005
Creators: name: Brigatte, Henrique
name: Teixeira, Erly Cardoso
name: Brigatte, Henrique
name: Teixeira, Erly Cardoso
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Brazilian agriculture
subject: TFP
subject: Cointegration.

description: This study develops an analysis of the impacts of the most important variables in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Total Factor Productivity (TFP) in agriculture in the period between 1974 and 2005. Investment in infrastructure for transport, energy, research, agricultural irrigation and storage and the amount of rural credit and education of workers in the agricultural sector are considered determinants of the economic growth. The analysis is done through the use of the Johansen cointegration method and the results suggest that education and investment in infrastructure have a positive impact on output and on agriculture yield in the long run. On the other hand, cointegration relationship between credit and production, and credit and agriculture yield were not detected.
A model for the competition between political mono-polarization and bi-polarization
Creators: name: Saintier, Nicolas
name: Pinasco, Juan Pablo
name: Vazquez, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phenomena of political bi-polarization in a population of interacting agents by means of a generalized version of the model introduced in PRE E 101, 012101 (2020) for the dynamics of voting intention. Each agent has a propensity $p$ in $[0,1]$ to vote for one of two political candidates. In an iteration step, two agents $i$ and $j$ with respective propensities $p_i$ and $p_j$ interact, and then $p_i$ either increases by an amount $h>0$ with a probability that is a nonlinear function of $p_i$ and $p_j$ or decreases by $h$ with the complementary probability. We study the behavior of the system under variations of a parameter $q \ge 0$ that measures the nonlinearity of the propensity update rule. We focus on the stability properties of the two distinct stationary states: mono-polarization in which all agents share the same extreme propensity ($0$ or $1$), and bi-polarization where the population is divided into two groups with opposite and extreme propensities. We find that the bi-polarized state is stable for $qq_c$, where $q_c$ is a transition value that decreases as $h$ decreases. We develop a rate equation approach whose stability analysis reveals that $q_c$ vanishes when $h$ becomes infinitesimally small. This result is supported by the analysis of a transport equation derived in the continuum $h \to 0$ limit. We also show by Monte Carlo simulations that the mean time $τ$ to reach mono-polarization in a system of size $N$ scales as $τ\sim N^α$ at $q_c$ , where $α(h)$ is a non-universal exponent.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Poder de Mercado na Indústria Brasileira de Fertilizantes Npk (04-14-08), no Período de 1993-2006
Creators: name: Profeta, Graciela Aparecida
name: Braga, Marcelo Jose
name: Profeta, Graciela Aparecida
name: Braga, Marcelo Jose
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Neio
subject: market power
subject: fertilizers.

description: Barriers to the entrance, the concentration observed and the increase of prices of fertilizers had conducted to the diffidence of the possibility of the exercise of market power on part of companies which represent the Brazilian industry of the NPK (04- 14- 08) fertilizer. These indications can be a necessary condition, however not enough to affirm the existence and the exercise, in fact, of the power. The objective was to identify the behavior of the representative companies of the NPK (04-14-08) fertilizer industry, through the estimate of the average parameter of behavior, λ. The period of analysis was February 1993 until December 2006. The analysis of the behavior of the firms was based on the New Empirical Industrial Organization (Neio) theory. λ was projected through the interaction of the demand equation and the representative supply ratio of the industry. Under λ, the hypothesis test was applied to know the behavior of the firms. Results did not allow identifying the existence of the market power, except when only the four major companies had been considered. However, it was not possible to make inferences on the exercise of the market power of the four major companies, since that the main concern was regarding the possibility of the exercise, and not the exercise in fact.
Análise da Volatilidade do Retorno da Commodity Dendê: 1980-2008
Creators: name: Gontijo, Tiago Silveira
name: Fernandes, Elaine Aparecida
name: Saraiva, Márcio Balduino
name: Gontijo, Tiago Silveira
name: Fernandes, Elaine Aparecida
name: Saraiva, Márcio Balduino
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Volatility of prices
subject: Palm oil
subject: Biofuel
subject: Brazil
subject: Familiar agriculture.

description: The agricultural prices variation analysis is essential on the formulation of public policies and business decisions. Considering the strategic importance of the biofuels for the Brazilian economy and the social objectives of the biofuel programs for familiar agriculture, this study aims to quantify the volatility of palm oil prices and the reaction towards clash under ARCH and GARCH models. The results for palm oil quotes show that clashes of volatility last for long periods of time, increasing the risk for farmers.
Neuroprotection by 20(S)Protopanaxadiol in Focal Cerebral Ischemia Mouse Model
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: 20(S)Protopanaxadiol (aPPD) is a deglycosylation metabolite of ginsenosides. The latter are the major components in ginseng. Previous study in our lab has demonstrated that aPPD i.v. injection at dose 60mg/kg had no noticeable toxicity in animals and was able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Recently, increasing evidence in the literature has reported that aPPD's precursor such as Rbl , Rg3 and Rh2, have beneficial effect on the central nervous system. Since aPPD is the common metabolic product of above ginsenosides in the body, the purpose of this study is to investigate the possible protective effect of aPPD upon brain injury after cerebral ischemia. We found that aPPD could protect cultured cortical neurons from N M D A induced excitotoxicity. We have also tested neuropotective actions of aPPD in a mouse ischemia-reperfusion model. Transient focal ischemia was induced by 60min middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion in C57 BL/6 mice. 30mg/kg aPPD ip. was administered for 7 days from the onset of reperfusion. The outcome of aPPD treatment was assessed by general physiological condition, various behavioral tests and histopathological analysis on day 7 and day 90 post-ischemia. aPPD significantly reduced weight loss, mortality, infarct area and facilitated sensorimotor functional recovery in the early period following focal cerebra ischemia. Moreover, aPPD also improved cognitive deficit of mice when evaluated post ischemia 90 days. Furthermore, a protein kinase profile has demonstrated that aPPD caused significant elevation of kinase activity in the ischemic brain, including all the stress-related kinases. In particular, aPPD induced upregulation of pAKT in a neuronal and ischemic specific fashion. Although outcome of long-term responses to aPPD treatment requires further study, present results provide evidence that aPPD might potentially be a therapeutic agent for preventing brain damage from a stroke.
A Influência dos Fatores Econômicos e Jurídicos sobre o Desempenho das Empresas do Agronegócio Brasileiro – Período de 2003 a 2005
Creators: name: Andia, Luis Henrique
name: Garcia, Renato
name: Bacha, Carlos Jose Caetano
name: Andia, Luis Henrique
name: Garcia, Renato
name: Bacha, Carlos Jose Caetano
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Measurement of performance
subject: Governance forms
subject: Accounting indicators
subject: Agribusiness
subject: Brazil.

description: This paper aims to develop and estimate a model to analyze the financial and economic performance, measured by accounting indicators, for Brazilian agribusiness firms. Using accounting information from 109 Brazilian agribusiness firms from 2003 through 2005, the paper evaluates how four structural characteristics (or factors) impact six accounting indicators. The four factors are: (1st) type of chain where each firm operates, (2nd) type of organizational structure (governance) adopted by the firm, (3rd) type of segment inside each chain where the firm operates, and (4th) type of firm’s fiscal organization. The six accounting indicators are: (a) level of financial debt, (b) long-turn eligible relationship over the equity, (c) gross margin, (d) ROA (Return on Assets), (e) ROE (Return on Equity), and (f) economic value added (EVA). MANOVA (Multivariate Anova) and panel regressions were run to verify if there was any significant influence on these factors over the variation of financial and economic indicators. Different impacts of the four explanatory variables over the six dependent variables, with distinct statistical significances, were found, which highlights how important it is to integrate accounting sheet analysis with chain theory to evaluate and to plan the finance and economic performance of Brazilian agribusiness firms.
The IACOB project. VI. On the elusive detection of massive O-type stars close to the ZAMS
Creators: name: Holgado, G.
name: Simón-Díaz, S.
name: Haemmerlé, L.
name: Lennon, D. J.
name: Barbá, R. H.
name: Cerviño, M.
name: Castro, N.
name: Herrero, A.
name: Meynet, G.
name: Arias, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The apparent lack of massive O-type stars near the zero-age main sequence (at ages < 2 Myr) is a topic widely discussed. Different explanations for this elusive detection have been proposed, but no firm conclusions have been reached yet. We reassess this empirical result benefiting from the high-quality spectroscopic observations of >400 Galactic O-type stars gathered by the IACOB and OWN surveys. We used temperatures and gravities from a iacob-gbat/fastwind spectroscopic analysis to locate our sample in the Kiel and spectroscopic HR diagrams. We evaluated the completeness of our sample of stars, observational biases using information from the Galactic O star catalog (GOSC), systematics of our methodology, and compare with other recent studies using smaller samples of Galactic O-type stars. We base our discussion on the spectroscopic HR diagram to avoid the use of uncertain distances. We performed a detailed study of the young cluster Trumpler-14 as an example of how Gaia cluster distances can help to construct the associated classical HR diagram. The apparent lack of massive O-type stars near the ZAMS with masses between 30 and 70 Msol persist even when spectroscopic results from a large, non-biased sample of stars are used. We do not find correlation between the dearth of stars and observational biases, limitations of our methodology, or the use of spectroscopic HR diagram instead of the classical one. Investigating the efficiency of mass accretion during the formation process we conclude that an adjustment of the accretion rate towards lower values could reconcile the hotter boundary of detected O-type stars and the theoretical birthline. Last, we discuss that the presence of a small sample of O2-O3.5 stars found closer to the ZAMS might be explained taking into account non-standard star evolution (e.g. binary interaction, mergers, or homogeneous evolution).
description: 20 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Impactos da Facilitação de Comércio: evidências do modelo gravitacional
Creators: name: Souza, Maurício Jorge Pinto De
name: Burnquist, Heloisa Lee
name: Souza, Maurício Jorge Pinto De
name: Burnquist, Heloisa Lee
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Trade facilitation
subject: Factor analysis
subject: Gravity model.

description: This study evaluates the effects of trade facilitation upon bilateral trade pattern between a set of countries including Brazil and some of its major partners. Variables associated to trade facilitation are used to construct three indexes of facilitation for each country of the sample: two indexes of import facilitation and one for facilitating exports. The relation of these indexes with the pattern of bilateral trade is estimated using a gravity model constructed with bilateral trade data within the countries. The results indicate that the degree of facilitation when considering the countries either as importer or exporter is an important determinant of the international trade pattern.
Análise de um Projeto Agroindustrial Utilizando a Teoria de Opções Reais: a opção de adiamento
Creators: name: Nardelli, Paula Moreira
name: Macedo, Marcelo Alvaro Da Silva
name: Nardelli, Paula Moreira
name: Macedo, Marcelo Alvaro Da Silva
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Real options
subject: Agribusiness
subject: Economic and financial viability
subject: Investment projects.

description: The main objective of this work is to analyze the economical and financial feasibility of an agribusiness project using the Real Options Theory. The justification for using the TOR is centered on the fact that traditional methods of project analysis (NPV and IRR) ignore two important characteristics: a) irreversibility; b) the possibility of postponing the investing decision. These particularities, along with uncertainties about the future and other similarities, allow the investment opportunity to be in many aspects considered analogous to a financial option. In order to apply these concepts, this work presents a case study that is an agribusiness project of fruit processing which produces dehydrated fruits, pulps, juices, jams and candies. The evaluation aims to demonstrate the value of operational flexibilities presented by this project, such as delaying the project implementation. These flexibilities will be evaluated using the methodology proposed by Copeland & Antikarov (2001), which adds the Real Options of the project to the standard discounted cash flow method. The achieved results using the Expanded Net Present Value (ENPV), considering the real options, in the fourth year, was 891,877.00 reais, an increase of 207% compared to the traditional Net Present Value (NPV).
Mean absolute deviations about the mean, the cut norm and taxicab correspondence analysis
Creators: name: Vartan, Choulakian
name: Ghassan, Abou Samra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Optimization has two faces, minimization of a loss function or maximization of a gain function. We show that the mean absolute deviations about the mean, d, maximizes a gain function based on the power set of the individuals, and it is equal to twice the value of its cut-norm. This property is generalized to double-centered and triple-centered data sets. Furthermore, we show that among the three well known dispersion measures, standard deviation, least absolute deviation and d, d is the most robust based on the relative contribution criterion. More importantly, we show that the computation of each principal dimension of taxicab correspondence analysis corresponds to balanced 2-blocks seriation. Examples are provided.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Momentum anisotropy of the scattering rate in cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Kaminski, A.
name: Fretwell, H. M.
name: Norman, M. R.
name: Randeria, M.
name: Rosenkranz, S.
name: Chatterjee, U.
name: Campuzano, J. C.
name: Mesot, J.
name: Sato, T.
name: Takahashi, T.
name: Terashima, T.
name: Takano, M.
name: Kadowaki, K.
name: Li, Z. Z.
name: Raffy, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the momentum and energy dependence of the scattering rate of the high temperature cuprate superconductors using angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The scattering rate is of the form a + bw around the Fermi surface for under and optimal doping. The inelastic coefficient "b" is found to be isotropic. The elastic term, "a", however, is found to be highly anisotropic for under and optimally doped samples, with an anisotropy which correlates with that of the pseudogap. This is contrasted with heavily overdoped samples, which show an isotropic scattering rate and an absence of the pseudogap above T_c. We find this to be a generic property for both single and double layer compounds.
description: Extended version of cond-mat/0404385
Poder de Mercado no Varejo Alimentar: uma análise usando os preços do estado de São Paulo
Creators: name: Aguiar, Danilo Rolim Dias De
name: Figueiredo, Adelson Martins
name: Aguiar, Danilo Rolim Dias De
name: Figueiredo, Adelson Martins
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: market power
subject: retail market
subject: market concentration.

description: The Brazilian retail sector has gone through expressive structural transformations since the 90’s decade. Despite the high level of concentration, the retail sector has presented evidences of strong rivalry among the top firms. This research aimed to analize the impact of market concentration on the use of market power for specific agricultural products, through time series analysis of agricultural prices referring to the São Paulo state. The empirical results indicated that the use of market power differs from product to product, what suggests that retailers have been adopting specific strategies according to the characteristics of products demand. The analysis of price asymmetry showed that retailers tend to delay the transmission of price decreases and transmit price increases more rapidly. Moreover, results indicate that the increase in rivalry in the current decade has made it more difficult for retailers to use their market power manipulating prices. In general, retailers were able to transmit price increases more intensely before the year 2000, when the turnover level was lower and restricted to the small and middle size firms.
Compressional-mode resonances in the molybdenum isotopes: Emergence of softness in open-shell nuclei near A=90
Creators: name: Howard, K. B.
name: Garg, U.
name: Itoh, M.
name: Akimune, H.
name: Fujiwara, M.
name: Furuno, T.
name: Gupta, Y. K.
name: Harakeh, M. N.
name: Inaba, K.
name: Ishibashi, Y.
name: Karasudani, K.
name: Kawabata, T.
name: Kohda, A.
name: Matsuda, Y.
name: Murata, M.
name: Nakamura, S.
name: Okamoto, J.
name: Ota, S.
name: Piekarewicz, J.
name: Sakaue, A.
name: Senyigit, M.
name: Tsumura, M.
name: Yang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "Why are the tin isotopes soft?" has remained, for the past decade, an open problem in nuclear structure physics: models which reproduce the isoscalar giant monopole resonance (ISGMR) in the "doubly-closed shell" nuclei, $^{90}$Zr and $^{208}$Pb, overestimate the ISGMR energies of the open-shell tin and cadmium nuclei, by as much as 1 MeV. In an effort to shed some light onto this problem, we present results of detailed studies of the ISGMR in the molybdenum nuclei, with the goal of elucidating where--and how--the softness manifests itself between $^{90}$Zr and the cadmium and tin isotopes. The experiment was conducted using the $^{94,96,98,100}$Mo($α,α^\prime$) reaction at $E_α= 386$ MeV. A comparison of the results with relativistic, self-consistent Random-Phase Approximation calculations indicates that the ISGMR response begins to show softness in the molybdenum isotopes beginning with $A=92$.
description: Accepted for publication to Physics Letters B
Soja Convencional e Transgênica: percepção de atores do SAG da soja sobre esta coexistência
Creators: name: Fuscaldi, Kelliane Da Consolação
name: Medeiros, Josemar Xavier De
name: Pantoja, Maria Júlia
name: Fuscaldi, Kelliane Da Consolação
name: Medeiros, Josemar Xavier De
name: Pantoja, Maria Júlia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Coexistence
subject: Conventional soybean
subject: Transgenic soybean
subject: Institutional environment.

description: The emergence of transgenic soybean caused a negative externality for conventional farmers since recognition and certification as transgenic-free implied on high costs to make the segregation along the steps of process of production. Even though there is the possibility of contamination and losses for nontransgenic farmers, regulations of coexistence for those products practically do not exist. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the legal parameters that should exist in the Brazilian legislation to regulate the matter. This is an exploratory-descriptive research, in that data collection was conducted with agents who represent segments of the soybean Agroindustrial System. For this, semi-structured interview scripts composed by open and dichotomic questions were used. The analysis of the content verbalized by participants was made by the software Alceste and, afterwards, through manual analysis of the content, it was possible to validate the electronic examination. Some categories of analysis emerged from the speech of participants and results were organized and interpreted under the referential framework of the theory of New Institutional Economics, indicating the need of regulating specific parameters in order to assure the coexistence of both transgenic and conventional soybean.
Locating Hot Plasma in Small Flares using Spectroscopic Overlappogram Data from the Hinode {\it EUV} Imaging Spectrometer
Creators: name: Harra, Louise
name: Matthews, Sarah
name: Long, David
name: Hasegawa, Takahiro
name: Lee, Kyoung-Sun
name: Reeves, Katherine
name: Shimizu, Toshifumi
name: Hara, Hirohisa
name: Woods, Magnus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the key processes associated with the "standard" flare model is chromospheric evaporation, a process where plasma heated to high temperatures by energy deposition at the flare footpoints is driven upwards into the corona. Despite several decades of study, a number of open questions remain, including the relationship between plasma produced during this process and observations of earlier "superhot" plasma. Hinode/EIS has a wide slot often used as a flare trigger in the He II emission line band. Once the intensity passes a threshold level, the study switches to one focussed on the flaring region. However, when the intensity is not high enough to reach the flare trigger threshold, these datasets are available during the entire flare period and provide high-cadence spectroscopic observations over a large field of view. We use one-minute cadence data from two such studies of a C4.7 flare and a C1.6 flare to probe the relationship between hot Fe XXIV plasma and plasmas observed by RHESSI and XRT to track where the emission comes from, and when it begins. Although the spatial and spectral information are merged in the wide-slot data, it is still possible to extract when the hot plasma appears using the Fe XXIV spectral image. It is also possible to derive spectrally pure Fe XXIV light curves from the EIS data, and compare them with those derived from hard X-rays, enabling a full exploration of the evolution of hot emission. The Fe XXIV emission peaks just after the peak in the hard X-ray lightcurve; consistent with an origin in the evaporation of heated plasma following the transfer of energy to the lower atmosphere. A peak was also found for the C4.7 flare in the RHESSI peak temperature, which occurred before the hard X-rays peaked. This suggests that the first peak in hot-plasma emission is likely directly related to the energy-release process.
Quasi-one-dimensional Ising models with defects of the "random local field" type: Imry-Ma phase in spaces with dimension higher than the lower critical one
Creators: name: Berzin, A. A.
name: Morosov, A. I.
name: Sigov, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagram in coordinates "temperature - concentration of defects" of quasi-one-dimensional Ising models with defects of the "random local field" type is investigated. The confrontation of the tendency to the emergence of the long-range order due to a weak interaction between one-dimensional spin chains and the tendency to the formation of the Imry-Ma phase in which the order parameter follows the fluctuations of the random field created by defects is studied. The possibility of the appearance of the Imry-Ma phase in a situation where the space dimension exceeds the lower critical dimension is shown. The question of the existence of the long-range order in the Ising model with random fields in space with the critical dimension dl = 2 is considered.
Pentaquark Searches in Electron-Positron Annihilations and Two-Photon Collisions at LEP
Creators: name: Armstrong, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evidence for the production of exotic hadron states composed of five quarks (pentaquarks) has been searched for in data collected by the ALEPH, DELPHI, and L3 experiments at LEP. No significant signal is observed. Several 95% C.L. upper limits are set on the production rates of such particles.
description: Presented at the 6th International Conference on Hyperon, Charm and Beauty Hadrons - Chicago
Dissipative instability of converging cylindrical shock wave
Creators: name: Chefranov, Sergey G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The condition of linear instability for a converging cylindrical strong shock wave (SW) in an arbitrary viscous medium is obtained in the limit of a large stationary SW radius, when it is possible to consider the same Rankine-Hugoniot jump relations as for the plane SW. This condition of instability is substantially different from the condition of instability for the plane SW because a cylindrical SW does not have chiral symmetry in the direction of the SW velocity (from left to right or vice versa) as in the case of a plane SW. The exponential growth rate of perturbations for the converging cylindrical SW is positive only for nonzero viscosity in the limit of high, but finite, Reynolds numbers as well as for the instability of a plane SW.
description: Accepted in Physics of Fluids
Effect of the spatial reflection symmetry on the distribution of the parametric conductance derivative in ballistic chaotic cavities
Creators: name: Martinez-Mares, M.
name: Castano, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of left-right symmetry on the distribution of the parametric derivative of the dimensionless conductance T with respect to an external parameter X, dT/dX, of ballistic chaotic cavities with two leads, each supporting N propagating modes. We show that T and dT/dX are uncorrelated for any N. For N=1 we calculate the distribution of dT/dX in the presence and absence of time-reversal invariance. In both cases, it has a logarithmic singularity at zero derivative and algebraic tails with an exponent different from the one of the asymmetric case. We also obtain explicit analytical results for the mean and variance of the distribution of dT/dX for arbitrary N. Numerical simulations are performed for N=5 and 10 to show that the distribution P(dT/dX) tends towards a Gaussian one when N increases.
description: Published in PRE
Securitização da Dívida Rural Brasileira: o caso do Banco do Brasil de 1995 a 2008
Creators: name: Silvestrini, André Dressano
name: Lima, Roberto Arruda De Souza
name: Silvestrini, André Dressano
name: Lima, Roberto Arruda De Souza
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Banco do Brasil
subject: Securitization
subject: Rural debt.

description: At the beginning of the 90’s farmers were indebted. They were not able to pay their loans if there had not been a renegotiation called securitization. As it is the most important institution in terms of rural credit, Bank of Brazil had negative impacts in its results caused by the default of producers. After a long negotiation process, the 9138 Act was approved in 1995 as one of the first steps of securitization’s debt process. From the interpretation of laws about securitization and from analysis of data in the report of the Banco do Brasil, a detailed analysis of economic and financial behavior of that institution was made and it was found that the securitization process was essential for the bank to reverse its losses into profits.
Spelling development in bilingual and monolingual children in grade one
Creators: name: Hall, Erin Kathleen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study compared the oral language, phonological awareness, reading, and spelling skills of Tagalog-English bilingual, Chinese-English bilingual, and monolingual Englishspeaking children in Grade 1. The bilingual children performed more poorly than the monolinguals on measures of oral proficiency in English, but demonstrated equivalent overall performance on phonological awareness, reading, and spelling tasks. However, there were significant differences between the two bilingual groups on several measures: the Tagalog- English bilinguals outperformed the Chinese-English group in terms of phonological awareness, word reading, and pseudoword reading, and the patterns of correlations between these and the spelling measures also differed across groups. More detailed analyses of the children’s spelling performance also revealed group differences, as the Chinese-English children demonstrated difficulty spelling certain words, as well as the phoneme /Ø/. However, other aspects of the children’s spelling performance were more similar across groups: all children showed poorer performance in spelling pseudowords as compared with real words, and in a confrontation pseudoword spelling task, all three groups struggled with orthographically illegitimate as compared with legitimate letter strings. In addition, certain features of English spelling were equally difficult for all children to spell. These results are discussed in terms of languagegeneral vs. language-specific processes in literacy development, as well as possible effects of the children’s language and literacy experiences.
Financing of family farms in Serbia and its influence on business results
Creators: name: Ivanovic, Sanjin
name: Subic, Jonel
name: Sredojevic, Zorica
name: Ivanovic, Sanjin
name: Subic, Jonel
name: Sredojevic, Zorica
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: interest
subject: costs
subject: profit
subject: family farms

description: Family farms have the most important role in agricultural production of Republic of Serbia. However, family farms are in very bad economic position and usually make low profits. That is why family farms have problems with financing of current assets as well as fixed assets. Because family farms in Serbia are not able to provide enough money for investments they have to be financed mostly by loans. Nowadays, there are two possibilities for financing offixed assets and current assets. Farmers may apply for loans provided by Serbian government or take a loan from commercial banks. The goal of this paper is analysis of different possibilities for financing of agricultural production. Different sources of financing of current assets andfixed assets cause changes in interest costs and profit offamily farms. Different terms offinancing for family farms in Serbia are shown and compared in the paper. As an example, influence of interest costs on profit made in dairy production is analyzed. On the basis of these results appropriate measures of agrarian policy as well as transformations in financial system in Serbia are suggested.
The role of Cr substitution on the ferromagnetic properties of Ga1-xCrxN
Creators: name: Singh, R. K.
name: Wu, Stephen Y.
name: Liu, H. X.
name: Gu, Lin
name: Smith, David J.
name: Newman, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Angular-dependent channeling Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (c-RBS) has been used to quantify the fraction of Cr atoms on substitutional, interstitial, and random sites in epitaxial Ga1-xCrxN films grown by reactive molecular-beam epitaxy. The morphology of these films and correlation with their magnetic properties has been investigated. Films grown at temperatures below ~ 750oC have up to 90% of Cr occupying substitutional sites. Post-growth annealing at 825oC results in a systematic drop in the fraction of substitutional Cr as well as a fall off in the ferromagnetic signal. The roles of non-substitutional Cr in transferring charge from the Cr t2 band and segregation of substitutional Cr in the loss of magnetism are discussed. Overall, these results provide strong microscopic evidence that Cr-doped III-N systems are dilute magnetic semiconductors.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, submitted to APL
Spatio-temporal dynamics in Swiss regional unemployment
Creators: name: Schenker, Rolf
name: Straub, Martin
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2011
Subjects: ECONOMETRICS AND ECONOMETRIC MODELS (OPERATIONS RESEARCH)
UNEMPLOYMENT
SCHWEIZ (MITTELEUROPA). SCHWEIZERISCHE EIDGENOSSENSCHAFT
SWITZERLAND (CENTRAL EUROPE). SWISS CONFEDERATION
ÖKONOMETRIE UND ÖKONOMETRISCHE MODELLE (OPERATIONS RESEARCH)
Spatial Econometrics
SPATIAL DISPARITY + REGIONAL DISPARITY (GEOGRAPHY)
ARBEITSLOSIGKEIT
Regional Unemployment
RÄUMLICHE DISPARITÄT + REGIONALE DISPARITÄT (GEOGRAFIE)
Switzerland
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/330
Economics

description: KOF Working Papers, 274
Reeconstructing Sigma0 decays in STAR
Creators: name: Van Buren, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Typical comparisons of data from nuclear collisions to particle production models require a caveat for (anti)Lambda yields from experimental inability to separate the contributions of those yields from Sigma state decays. Recent analysis in STAR is leading toward resolving the contribution from excited Sigma states, but the bulk contribution comes from electromagnetic decays of the (anti)Sigma0. In the STAR detector, photon conversions into e+e- pairs in the detector material have been used to identify photons from pi0 decays. A similar technique has been used here to identify photons from (anti)Sigma0 decays in conjunction with STAR's excellent PID capabilities for finding the associated (anti)Lambda daughters. We report here on progress toward measuring the (anti)Sigma0 yields in various nuclear collisions at RHIC.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, proceedings of Hot Quarks 2004 workshop, submitted to J. Phys. G
Being Careful with the Field Formation Interpretation of GW190412
Creators: name: Safarzadeh, Mohammadtaher
name: Hotokezaka, Kenta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LIGO/Virgo Scientific Collaboration recently announced the detection of a compact object binary merger, GW190412, as the first asymmetric binary black hole (BBH) merger with mass ratio $q\approx0.25$. Other than the mass ratio, this BBH has shown to have a positive effective spin of around $χ_{\rm eff}\approx0.28$. Assuming a field formation channel, associating this effective spin to either the primary or the secondary BH each has its implications: If the spin of the BBH comes form the primary BH, it has consequences for the efficiency of angular momentum transport in the formation of the BH. If, on the other hand, the spin is due to the secondary BH through tidal spin-up processes, one has to note that (i) such processes have very short delay-times, and (ii) subsequently, their local merger rate is determined by local star formation rate at assumed formation metallicity of the BBH. We show that the predicted merger rate density from this channel is $\lesssim 0.3~\rm Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}$ and in tension with the rather high local merger rate of such systems which we estimate from this single event to be $\sim 1.7^{+2.5}_{-1.4}~\rm Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}$ (90\% confidence interval, and assuming 50 days of observing time). Large natal kicks ($v\gtrsim 500\,{\rm km/s}$) would be required to get such BBHs with an in-plane spin component to account for the marginal detection of precession in GW190412. However, this would only exacerbate the tension as the estimated local merger rate would be further decreased. Similarly, the formation of such systems through the dynamical assembly is exceedingly rare, leaving this system a dilemma hard to account for with the currently accepted paradigms of BBH formation.
description: Matches the published version
European structural funds and rural development in New Member States -an analysis of two cases, Poland and Romania
Creators: name: Rowiński, Janusz
name: Voicilas, Dan Marius
name: Rowiński, Janusz
name: Voicilas, Dan Marius
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: rural development
subject: structural funds
subject: programmes
subject: Poland
subject: Romania

description: By this study, the intention of the authors is to analyze the state of the agriculture in two New European Union (EU) Member States, the influence of the European structural funds, the perspectives of the rural economies in the frame of the new European regulations and the tendencies in rural development in the period 2007-2013. We will show the allocations and evolutions of the structural funds, their influence on economy, the main rural development programmes with direct impact on rural economy, the national programmes elaborated for achieving the principal goals of both countries and the main barriers which appeared in last years.
Unconventional spin-orbit torque in transition metal dichalcogenide/ferromagnet bilayers from first-principles calculations
Creators: name: Xue, Fei
name: Rohmann, Christoph
name: Li, Junwen
name: Amin, Vivek
name: Haney, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent observations of unconventional out-of-plane dampinglike torque in \ch{WTe2}/Permalloy bilayer systems, we calculate the spin-orbit torque generated in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD)-ferromagnet heterostructures using first-principles methods and linear response theory. Our numerical calculation of spin-orbit torques in \ch{WTe2}/Co and \ch{MoTe2}/Co heterostructures shows both conventional and novel dampinglike torkances (torque per electric field) with comparable magnitude, around $100~\hbar/2e~(\rm Ω\cdot cm)^{-1}$, for an electric field applied perpendicular to the mirror plane of the TMD layer. To gain further insight into the source of dampinglike torque, we compute the spin current flux between the TMD and Co layers and find good agreement between the two quantities. This indicates that the conventional picture of dampinglike spin-orbit torque, whereby the torque results from the spin Hall effect plus spin transfer torque, largely applies to TMD/Co bilayer systems.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Published version
Supplemental material from C-terminal eYFP fusion impairs Escherichia coli MinE function
Creators: name: Navaneethan Palanisamy
name: Öztürk, Mehmet Ali
name: Akmeriç, Emir Bora
name: Ventura, Barbara Di
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This file comprises 5 supplementary figures