cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Non-Hermitian unidirectional routing of photonic qubits
Creators: name: Li, En-Ze
name: Liu, Yi-Yang
name: Dong, Ming-Xin
name: Ding, Dong-Sheng
name: Shi, Bao-Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient and tunable qubit unidirectional routers and spin-wave diodes play an important role in both classical and quantum information processing domains. Here, we reveal that multi-level neutral cold atoms can mediate both dissipative and coherent couplings. Interestingly, we investigate and practically implement this paradigm in experiments, successfully synthesizing a system with dual functionality as both a photonic qubit unidirectional router and a spin-wave diode. By manipulating the helicity of the field, we can effectively balance the coherence coupling and dissipative channel, thereby ensuring the unidirectional transfer of photonic qubits. The qubit fidelity exceeds 97.49%, and the isolation ratio achieves $16.8\pm0.11$ dB while the insertion loss is lower than 0.36 dB. Furthermore, we show that the spin-wave diode can effectively achieve unidirectional information transfer by appropriately setting the coherent coupling parameters. Our work not only provides new ideas for the design of extensive components in quantum networks, but also opens up new possibilities for non-Hermitian quantum physics, complex quantum networks, and unidirectional quantum information transfer.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Sustained activation of NF-κB through constitutively active IKKβ leads to senescence bypass in murine dermal fibroblasts
Creators: name: Harada, Masayuki
name: Su-Harada, Kanae
name: Kimura, Takeshi
name: Ono, Koh
name: Ashida, Noboru
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Although the transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) plays a central role in the regulation of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) acquisition, our understanding of the involvement of NF-κB in the induction of cellular senescence is limited. Here, we show that activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway suppresses senescence in murine dermal fibroblasts. IκB kinase β (IKKβ)-depleted dermal fibroblasts showed ineffective NF-κB activation and underwent senescence more rapidly than control cells when cultured under 20% oxygen conditions, as indicated by senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining and p16INK4a mRNA levels. Conversely, the expression of constitutively active IKKβ (IKKβ-CA) was sufficient to drive senescence bypass. Notably, the expression of a degradation-resistant form of inhibitor of κB (IκB), which inhibits NF-κB nuclear translocation, abolished senescence bypass, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of IKKβ-CA on senescence is largely mediated by NF-κB. We also found that IKKβ-CA expression suppressed the derepression of INK4/Arf genes and counteracted the senescence-associated loss of Ezh2, a catalytic subunit of the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of Ezh2 abolished IKKβ-CA-induced senescence bypass. We propose that NF-κB plays a suppressive role in the induction of stress-induced senescence through sustaining Ezh2 expression.
Adaptive hybrid high-order method for guaranteed lower eigenvalue bounds
Creators: name: Carstensen, Carsten
name: Gräßle, Benedikt
name: Tran, Ngoc Tien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N12, 65N30, 65Y20

description: The higher-order guaranteed lower eigenvalue bounds of the Laplacian in the recent work by Carstensen, Ern, and Puttkammer [Numer. Math. 149, 2021] require a parameter $C_{\mathrm{st},1}$ that is found $\textit{not}$ robust as the polynomial degree $p$ increases. This is related to the $H^1$ stability bound of the $L^2$ projection onto polynomials of degree at most $p$ and its growth $C_{\rm st, 1}\propto (p+1)^{1/2}$ as $p \to \infty$. A similar estimate for the Galerkin projection holds with a $p$-robust constant $C_{\mathrm{st},2}$ and $C_{\mathrm{st},2} \le 2$ for right-isosceles triangles. This paper utilizes the new inequality with the constant $C_{\mathrm{st},2}$ to design a modified hybrid high-order (HHO) eigensolver that directly computes guaranteed lower eigenvalue bounds under the idealized hypothesis of exact solve of the generalized algebraic eigenvalue problem and a mild explicit condition on the maximal mesh-size in the simplicial mesh. A key advance is a $p$-robust parameter selection.
 The analysis of the new method with a different fine-tuned volume stabilization allows for a priori quasi-best approximation and improved $L^2$ error estimates as well as a stabilization-free reliable and efficient a posteriori error control. The associated adaptive mesh-refining algorithm performs superior in computer benchmarks with striking numerical evidence for optimal higher empirical convergence rates.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures
Hyaluronidase inhibitor sHA2.75 alleviates ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury
Creators: name: Zhang, Yang
name: Zhao, Huajiang
name: Zhang, Jing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Hyaluronidases (HAases) are enzymes that degrade hyaluronic acid (HA) in the animal kingdom. The HAases-HA system is crucial for HA homeostasis and plays a significant role in biological processes and extracellular matrix (ECM)-related pathophysiological conditions. This study aims to explore the role of inhibiting the HAases-HA system in acute kidney injury (AKI). We selected the potent inhibitor “sHA2.75” to inhibit HAase activity through mixed inhibitory mechanisms. The ischemia-reperfusion mouse model was established using male BALB/c mice (7–9 weeks old), and animals were subjected to subcapsular injection with 50 mg/kg sHA2.75 twice a week to evaluate the effects of sHA2.75 on AKI on day 1, 5 and 14 after ischemia-reperfusion or sham procedure. Blood and tissue samples were collected for immunohistochemistry, biochemical, and quantitative analyses. sHA2.75 significantly reduced blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels in AKI mouse models. Expression of kidney injury-related genes such as Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), type I collagen (Col1), type III collagen (Col3), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) showed significant downregulation in mouse kidney tissues after sHA2.75 treatment. Moreover, sHA2.75 treatment led to decreased plasma levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) proteins and reduced mRNA levels in renal tissues of AKI mice. Inhibitor sHA2.75 administration in the AKI mouse model downregulated kidney injury-related biomarkers and immune-specific genes, thereby alleviating AKI in vivo. These findings suggest the potential use of HAase inhibitors for treating ischemic reperfusion-induced kidney injury.
Scyliorhinus canicula
Creators: name: Bariche, Michel
name: Fricke, Ronald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Scyliorhinidae
Scyliorhinus
Scyliorhinus canicula

description: Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus 1758) —Small-spotted catshark
Taxonomy. First record from Lebanon as Scyllium caninula, Cuv. by Gruvel (1931: 73). The species was never recorded afterwards.
Distribution. Western Baltic Sea, North Sea, western Mediterranean Sea, northeastern Atlantic: Shetland Islands and southern Norway south to Senegal.
Conservation. IUCN: Global (LC: 1 December 2008); Med. (LC: 25 March 2016). Capture and threats: FIT, FIB, unknown. Occurrence: Unknown.
Remarks. Gruvel (1931: 74) mentioned that the species, along with Scyliorhinus stellaris (Linnaeus 1758), were abundant and hated by fishermen.
description: Published as part of Bariche, Michel & Fricke, Ronald, 2020, The marine ichthyofauna of Lebanon: an annotated checklist, history, biogeography, and conservation status, pp. 1-157 in Zootaxa 4775 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4775.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3983887
Room-temperature ferromagnetism in manganese doped reduced rutile titanium dioxide thin films
Creators: name: Wang, Zhenjun
name: Tang, Jinke
name: Chen, Yuxi
name: Spinu, Leonard
name: Zhou, Weilie
name: Tung, Le Duc
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2004
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

description: MnxTi12xO2-δ (x50.02–0.12) thin films grown on α-Al2O3 substrates by pulsed-laser deposition have been investigated. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy results indicate that the films are single phase and reduced rutile-type. Superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer measurements show the films are ferromagnetic at room temperature with nonzero coercivity up to 170 Oe. The saturation magnetization of the reduced films is as high as 0.83 μB per Mn atom at room temperature. The temperature dependence of the resistivity shows semiconducting behavior with p-type carriers. The nature of the p-type conduction and its significance to the ferromagnetism are discussed.
DNMT1-mediated epigenetic suppression of FBXO32 expression promoting cyclin dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) survival and esophageal cancer cell growth
Creators: name: Song, Xian-Qiang
name: Chen, Bin-Bin
name: Jin, Yong-Mei
name: Wang, Chang-Yong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Esophageal cancer (EC) is a common and serious form of cancer, and while DNA methyltransferase-1 (DNMT1) promotes DNA methylation and carcinogenesis, the role of F-box protein 32 (FBXO32) in EC and its regulation by DNMT1-mediated methylation is still unclear. FBXO32 expression was examined in EC cells with high DNMT1 expression using GSE163735 dataset. RT-qPCR assessed FBXO32 expression in normal and EC cells, and impact of higher FBXO32 expression on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion was evaluated, along with EMT-related proteins. The xenograft model established by injecting EC cells transfected with FBXO32 was used to evaluate tumor growth, apoptosis, and tumor cells proliferation and metastasis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was employed to study the interaction between DNMT1 and FBXO32. HitPredict, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), and Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pulldown assay analyzed the interaction between FBXO32 and cyclin dependent kinase 9 (CDK9). Finally, the ubiquitination assay identified CDK9 ubiquitination, and its half-life was measured using cycloheximide and confirmed through western blotting. DNMT1 negatively correlated with FBXO32 expression in esophageal cells. High FBXO32 expression was associated with better overall survival in patients. Knockdown of DNMT1 in EC cells increased FBXO32 expression and suppressed malignant phenotypes. FBXO32 repressed EC tumor growth and metastasis in mice. Enrichment of DNMT1 in FBXO32 promoter region led to increased DNA methylation and reduced transcription. Mechanistically, FBXO32 degraded CDK9 through promoting its ubiquitination.
Coloured spin-1 states in composite Higgs models
Creators: name: Cacciapaglia, Giacomo
name: Deandrea, Aldo
name: Kunkel, Manuel
name: Porod, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong dynamics for composite Higgs models predict spin-1 resonances which are expected to be in the same mass range as the usually considered top-partners. We study here QCD-coloured vector and axial-vector states stemming from composite Higgs dynamics in several relevant models based on an underlying gauge-fermion description. These states can come as triplet, sextet and octet representation. All models considered have a colour octet vector state in common which can be singly produced at hadron colliders as it mixes with the gluon. We explore the rich and testable phenomenology of these coloured spin-1 states at the LHC and future colliders.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures; v2: matches published version
Scyliorhinus stellaris
Creators: name: Bariche, Michel
name: Fricke, Ronald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Scyliorhinidae
Scyliorhinus
Scyliorhinus stellaris

description: Scyliorhinus stellaris (Linnaeus 1758) —Nursehound
Taxonomy. First record from Lebanon as Scyllium catulus, Cuv. by Gruvel (1931: 73). The species was never recorded afterwards.
Distribution. North Sea, Mediterranean Sea, eastern North Atlantic: Shetland Islands and southern Norway to Morocco.
Conservation. IUCN: Global (NT: 14 February 2006); Med. (NT: 25 March 2016). Capture and threats: FIT, FIB, unknown. Occurrence: Unknown.
Remarks. Gruvel (1931: 74) mentioned that the species, along with Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus 1758) were abundant and hated by fishermen.
description: Published as part of Bariche, Michel & Fricke, Ronald, 2020, The marine ichthyofauna of Lebanon: an annotated checklist, history, biogeography, and conservation status, pp. 1-157 in Zootaxa 4775 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4775.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3983887
Quantized $p$-form Gauge Field in D-dimensional de Sitter Spacetime
Creators: name: Dantas, E. W. D.
name: Alencar, G.
name: Guedes, I.
name: Estrada, Milko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we utilize the dynamic invariant method to obtain a solution for the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, aiming to explore the quantum theory of a $p$-form gauge field propagating in $D$-dimensional de Sitter spacetimes. Thus, we present a generalization, through the use of $p$-form gauge fields, of the quantization procedure for the scalar, electromagnetic, and Kalb-Ramond fields, all of which have been previously studied in the literature. We present an exact solution for the $p$-form gauge field when $D=2(p+1)$, and we highlight the connection of the $p=4$ case with the chiral $N=2$, $D=10$ superstring model. We could observe particle production for $D \neq 2(p+1)$ because the solutions are time-dependent. Additionally, observers in an accelerated co-moving reference frame will also experience a thermal bath. This could have significance in the realm of extra-dimensional physics and presents the intriguing prospect that precise observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background might confirm the presence of additional dimensions.
Equation of State of Hot Neutron Star Matter using Finite Range Simple Effective Interaction
Creators: name: Routray, T. R.
name: Sahoo, S.
name: Viñas, X.
name: Basu, D. N.
name: Centelles, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation of state of hot neutron star matter of n+p+e+$μ$ composition in $β$-equilibrium is studied for both neutrino-free isothermal and neutrino-trapped isentropic conditions, using the formalism where the thermal evolution is built upon its zero-temperature predictions in a self-consistent manner. The accuracy of the parabolic approximation, often used in the finite temperature calculation of hot neutron star matter, is verified by comparing with the results obtained from the exact evaluation in the neutrino-free neutron star matter. The equation of state of neutrino-trapped isentropic matter at low entropic condition, relevant to the core-collapsing supernovae, is formulated. In the isentropic matter, the particle fractions and equation of state have marginal variance as entropy per particle varies between 1 to 3 (in the unit of k$_B$), but the temperature profile shows marked variation. The isentropes are found to be much less sensitive to the nuclear matter incompressibility, but have a large dependence on the slope parameter L. The bulk properties of the neutron stars predicted by the isentropic equation of state for different entropy are calculated. A model calculation for the early stage evolution of the protoneutron star to neutron star configuration is also given.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Journal of Physics G
Saturation-Informed Current-Limiting Control for Grid-Forming Converters
Creators: name: Desai, Maitraya Avadhut
name: He, Xiuqiang
name: Huang, Linbin
name: Dörfler, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we investigate the transient stability of a state-of-the-art grid-forming complex-droop control (i.e., dispatchable virtual oscillator control, dVOC) under current saturation. We quantify the saturation level of a converter by introducing the concept of degree of saturation (DoS), and we propose a provably stable current-limiting control with saturation-informed feedback, which feeds the degree of saturation back to the inner voltage-control loop and the outer grid-forming loop. As a result, although the output current is saturated, the voltage phase angle can still be generated from an internal virtual voltage-source node that is governed by an equivalent complex-droop control. We prove that the proposed control achieves transient stability during current saturation under grid faults. We also provide parametric stability conditions for multi-converter systems under grid-connected and islanded scenarios. The stability performance of the current-limiting control is validated with various case studies.
The effect of field boundary type on the community structure, spatial distribution and physiological condition of overwintering arthropods, with special reference to Carabidae and Staphylinidae (Coleoptera)
Creators: name: Griffiths, Georgianne J.K.
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2003

description: The potential of different field boundary types in lowland farmland to contribute to arthropod biodiversity and sustainable agriculture was investigated. Field boundaries, categorised according to nationally applicable definitions, were found to represent ecologically differing habitats based on their woody abundance and the frequency of young and mature emergent trees. These habitat characteristics were determining factors in the community structure and composition of overwintering epigeal arthropods. Hedgerows supported the most species rich carabid and staphylinid assemblage. Degraded hedgerow boundaries supported the most equitable carabid community, and provided a refuge for carabid species with poor dispersal power to a greater extent that hedgerows or post and wire fences. The grassy and natural regeneration vegetation associated with post and wire boundaries supported high densities of all taxa particularly overwintering carabid and staphylinid polyphagous predators. A subset of all field boundary types was required for complete species representation, indicating that maximising the heterogeneity of field boundary habitats represented at the farm-scale will enhance arthropod biodiversity in farmland. Carabidae and Staphylinidae actively selected overwintering sites and the physiological condition of polyphagous predators was generally high. It was concluded that heterogeneous distributions in field boundaries were more likely to be the result of differential microhabitat selection rather than differential survival overwinter. This indicated that favourable overwintering microhabitats occurred in all field boundary types. Generally, overwintering survival did not appear to be a regulating factor in the population dynamics of polyphagous predators. Margins adjacent to pre-existing boundaries may contribute to enhanced densities and physiological condition of some polyphagous predators, both over winter and in early spring. The results were discussed in relation to field boundary management and agri-environment policy.
Current-controlled channel switching and magnetoresistance in an Fe3C island film supported on a Si substrate
Creators: name: Tang, Jinke
name: Dai, Jianbiao
name: Wang, Kaiying
name: Zhou, Weilie
name: Ruzycki, Nancy
name: Diebold, Ulrike
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2002
Subjects: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

description: A film of magnetic Fe3C islands separated by nanochannels of graphite was prepared with pulsed laser deposition on a Si substrate with a native SiO2 surface. When the temperature is increased above 250 K the resistance suddenly drops because electron conduction switches from the film to the Si inversion layer underneath. The film shows a negative magnetoresistance. The inversion layer exhibits a large positive magnetoresistance. The transition to the low resistance channel can be reversed by applying a large measuring current, making possible current-controlled switching between two types of electron magnetotransport at room temperature.
Sphyrna zygaena
Creators: name: Bariche, Michel
name: Fricke, Ronald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Sphyrnidae
Sphyrna
Sphyrna zygaena

description: Sphyrna zygaena (Linnaeus 1758) —Smooth hammerhead
Taxonomy. First record from Lebanon as Zygoena malleus, Val. by Gruvel (1931: 75); subsequently recorded as Sphyrna zygaena (Linnaeus 1758) by George et al. (1964: 9); as Sphyrna zygaena (Linnaeus) by Mouneimné (1977: 60); as Sphyrna zygaena (Linnnaeus 1758) by Mouneimné (2002: 52–53). Material in collection: AUBM.
Distribution. Circumglobal in warm temperate seas, occasionally in tropical seas (including Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea).
Conservation. IUCN: Global (VU: A2bd+3bd+4bd, 1 October 2005); Med. (CR: A2bd, 25 March 2016); CITES Appendix II. The capture, transportation, storage or commercialization of this species is forbidden in Lebanon. Capture and threats: FIT, FIB, unknown. Occurrence: Very rare. Significant decline in the last two decades. High priority for conservation action.
description: Published as part of Bariche, Michel & Fricke, Ronald, 2020, The marine ichthyofauna of Lebanon: an annotated checklist, history, biogeography, and conservation status, pp. 1-157 in Zootaxa 4775 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4775.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3983887
Quantum phase transition and critical behavior between the gapless topological phases
Creators: name: Zhang, Hao-Long
name: Li, Han-Ze
name: Yang, Sheng
name: Yu, Xue-Jia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase transition between gapped topological phases represents a class of unconventional criticality beyond the Landau paradigm. However, recent research has shifted attention to topological phases without a bulk gap, where the phase transitions between them are still elusive. In this work, based on large-scale density matrix renormalization group techniques, we investigate the critical behaviors of the extended quantum XXZ model obtained by the Kennedy-Tasaki transformation. Using fidelity susceptibility as a diagnostic, we obtain a complete phase diagram, which includes both topological nontrivial and trivial gapless phases. Furthermore, as the XXZ-type anisotropy parameter $Δ$ varies, both the critical points $h_c$ and correlation length exponent $ν$ remain the same as in the $Δ=0$ case, characterized by $c=3/2$ (Ising + free boson) conformal field theory. Our results indicate that fidelity susceptibility can effectively detect and reveal a stable unconventional critical line between the topologically distinct gapless phases for general $Δ$. This work serves as a valuable reference for further research on phase transitions within the gapless topological phase of matter.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures. Any comments or suggestions are welcome!
Swirling due to misaligned perception-dependent motility
Creators: name: Saavedra, Rodrigo
name: Gompper, Gerhard
name: Ripoll, Marisol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A system of particles with motility variable in terms of a vision-type of perception is here investigated by a combination of Langevin dynamics simulations in two-dimensional systems and an analytical approach based on conservation law principles. Persistent swirling with predetermined direction is here induced by differentiating the self-propulsion direction and the perception cone axis. Clusters can have a fluid-like center with a rotating outer layer, or display a solid-like rotation driven by the outer layer activity. Discontinuous motility with misaligned perception might therefore serve as a powerful self-organization strategy in micro-robots.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Factors Affecting Collision & Grounding Losses in the UK Fishing Fleet
Creators: name: FINDLAY, MALCOLM
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 1997

description: Merged with duplicate record 10026.1/660 on 13.20.2017 by CS (TIS)
description: Examination of the literature reveals a paucity of dedicated research into collisions and groundings involving UK fishing vessels. The aim of this research was to provide answers to fundamental questions regarding the factors that contribute to fishing vessel traffic losses. Data for this study were gathered from a broad range of sources and an eclectic range of techniques employed in their analysis. The recent development of the UK fishing fleet and the pattern of losses from all causes is investigated for the period 1975 to 1994. Fishing vessel collision and grounding losses are then set in relative perspective by comparison with those arising from other causes. Aspects of the macro-environment in which the UK fishing fleet has operated since 1975 are examined and the results interpreted in the form of a comparative regional analysis. The micro-environment prevailing in the fishing fleet is exemplified through combining an array of observations made at sea on board working fishing vessels with questionnaire responses drawn from representative samples of British fishermen in 22 fishing ports around the country. A previously unattempted composite analysis of the circumstances of fishing vessel collision and grounding losses is presented and this allows for a number of conclusions to be drawn. A causal analysis technique is applied to fishing vessel casualties for the first time and leads to the identification of human factors as a more significant contributor to traffic losses than either technical or environmental factors. A novel programme of cross-validated observations of fishing vessel watch keepers in their working environment was pursued, providing data on how attention is allocated, workload levels at different stages in the fishing cycle and also on the watchkeeper's cognitive state while on duty. The thesis concludes with a wide ranging discussion and recommendations based on the research that could contribute to reducing loss of life and vessels in traffic events, made with due consideration for the physical and fiscal constraints that impinge upon the UK fishing fleet.
ASTRAL PROJECTION: THEORIES OF METAPHOR, PHILOSOPHIES OF SCIENCE, AND THE ART O F SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION
Creators: name: COX, DONNA J .
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2008

description: This thesis provides an intellectual context for my work in computational scientific visualization for large-scale public outreach in venues such as digitaldome planetarium shows and high-definition public television documentaries. In my associated practicum, a DVD that provides video excerpts, 1 focus especially on work I have created with my Advanced Visualization Laboratory team at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (Champaign, Illinois) from 2002-2007. 1 make three main contributions to knowledge within the field of computational scientific visualization. Firstly, I share the unique process 1 have pioneered for collaboratively producing and exhibiting this data-driven art when aimed at popular science education. The message of the art complements its means of production: Renaissance Team collaborations enact a cooperative paradigm of evolutionary sympathetic adaptation and co-creation. Secondly, 1 open up a positive, new space within computational scientific visualization's practice for artistic expression—especially in providing a theory of digi-epistemology that accounts for how this is possible given the limitations imposed by the demands of mapping numerical data and the computational models derived from them onto visual forms. I am concerned not only with liberating artists to enrich audience's aesthetic experiences of scientific visualization, to contribute their own vision, but also with conceiving of audiences as co-creators of the aesthetic significance of the work, to re-envision and re-circulate what they encounter there. Even more commonly than in the age of traditional media, on-line social computing and digital tools have empowered the public to capture and repurpose visual metaphors, circulating them within new contexts and telling new stories with them. Thirdly, I demonstrate the creative power of visaphors (see footnote, p. 1) to provide novel embodied experiences through my practicum as well as my thesis discussion. Specifically, I describe how the visaphors my Renaissance Teams and I create enrich the Environmentalist Story of Science, essentially promoting a counter-narrative to the Enlightenment Story of Science through articulating how humanity participates in an evolving universal consciousness through our embodied interaction and cooperative interdependence within nested, self-producing (autopoetic) systems, from the micro- to the macroscopic. This contemporary account of the natural world, its inter-related systems, and their dynamics may be understood as expressing a creative and generative energy—a kind of consciousness-that transcends the human yet also encompasses it.
Mustelus asterias Cloquet 1819
Creators: name: Bariche, Michel
name: Fricke, Ronald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Triakidae
Mustelus
Mustelus asterias

description: Mustelus asterias Cloquet 1819 —Starry smooth-hound
Taxonomy. First record from Lebanon as Mustellus loevis, Risso by Gruvel (1931: 74). Material in collection: AUBM.
Distribution. Mediterranean Sea, eastern Atlantic: North Sea to Mauritania including Madeira and Canary Islands.
Conservation. IUCN: Global (LC: 11 February 2006); Med. (VU: A2bd, 25 March 2016). Capture and threats:
FIT, FIB, unknown. Occurrence: Very rare. Medium priority for conservation action.
description: Published as part of Bariche, Michel & Fricke, Ronald, 2020, The marine ichthyofauna of Lebanon: an annotated checklist, history, biogeography, and conservation status, pp. 1-157 in Zootaxa 4775 (1) on pages 12-13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4775.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3983887
The 2018 outburst of MAXI J1820+070 as seen by Insight-HXMT
Creators: name: Fan, Ningyue
name: Li, Songyu
name: Zhan, Rui
name: Liu, Honghui
name: Zhang, Zuobin
name: Bambi, Cosimo
name: Ji, Long
name: Ma, Xiang
name: Steiner, James F.
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
name: Zhou, Menglei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the whole 2018 outburst of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070 with Insight-HXMT data. We focus our study on the temporal evolution of the parameters of the source. We employ two different models to fit the disk's thermal spectrum: the Newtonian model DISKBB and the relativistic model NKBB. These two models provide different pictures of the source in the soft state. With DISKBB, we find that the inner edge of the disk is close to the innermost stable circular orbit of a fast-rotating black hole and the corona changes geometry from the hard to the soft state. With NKBB, we find that the disk is truncated in the soft state and that the coronal geometry does not change significantly during the whole outburst. However, the model with NKBB can predict an untruncated disk around a fast-rotating black hole if we assume that the disk inclination angle is around $30^\circ$ (instead of $\sim 60^\circ$, which is the inclination angle of the jet and is usually adopted as the disk inclination angle in the literature) and we employ a high-density reflection model. In such a case, we measure a high value of the black hole spin parameter with observations in the soft state, in agreement with the high spin value found from the analysis of the reflection features and in disagreement with the low spin value found by previous continuum-fitting method measurements with the disk inclination angle set to the value of the jet inclination angle.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. v2: refereed version
Mustelus mustelus mustelus (Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Bariche, Michel
name: Fricke, Ronald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Triakidae
Mustelus
Mustelus mustelus

description: Mustelus mustelus (Linnaeus 1758) —Smooth-hound
Taxonomy. First record from Lebanon as Mustellus vulgaris, Mull. et Henl. by Gruvel (1931: 74); subsequently recorded as Mustelus mustelus (Linnaeus 1758) by George et al. (1964: 9); as Mustelus mustelus (Linnaeus) by Mouneimné (1977: 60), as Mustelus mustelus (Linnaeus 1758) by Mouneimné (2002: 50); recently recorded as Mustelus mustelus by Lteif (2015: 61).
Distribution. Mediterranean Sea, eastern Atlantic: British Isles and North Sea to South Africa including Madeira; southwestern Indian Ocean: South Africa north to Durban.
Conservation. IUCN: Global (VU: A2bd+3bd+4bd, 3 March 2004); Med. (VU: A2bd, 25 March 2016). Capture and threats: FIT, FIB, unknown. Occurrence: Rare. Medium priority for conservation action.
Hexanchiformes
description: Published as part of Bariche, Michel & Fricke, Ronald, 2020, The marine ichthyofauna of Lebanon: an annotated checklist, history, biogeography, and conservation status, pp. 1-157 in Zootaxa 4775 (1) on pages 13-14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4775.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3983887
Persistent and anti-Persistent Motion in Bounded and Unbounded Space: Resolution of the First-Passage Problem
Creators: name: Marris, Daniel
name: Giuggioli, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C41

description: The presence of temporal correlations in random movement trajectories is a widespread phenomenon across biological, chemical and physical systems. The ubiquity of persistent and anti-persistent motion in many natural and synthetic systems has led to a large literature on the modelling of temporally correlated movement paths. Despite the substantial body of work, little progress has been made to determine the dynamical properties of various transport related quantities, including the first-passage or first-hitting probability to one or multiple absorbing targets when space is bounded. To bridge this knowledge gap we generalise the renewal theory of first-passage and splitting probabilities to correlated discrete variables. We do so in arbitrary dimensions on a lattice for the so-called correlated or persistent random walk, the one step non-Markovian extension of the simple lattice random walk in bounded and unbounded space. We focus on bounded domains and consider both persistent and anti-persistent motion in hypercubic lattices as well as the hexagonal lattice. The discrete formalism allows us to extend the notion of the first-passage to that of the directional first-passage, whereby the walker must reach the target from a prescribed direction for a hitting event to occur. As an application to spatio-temporal observations of correlated moving cells that may be either repelled or attracted to hard surfaces, we compare the first-passage statistics to a target within a reflecting domain depending on whether an interaction with the reflective interface invokes a reversal of the movement direction or not. With strong persistence we observe multi-modality in the first-passage distribution in the former case, which instead is greatly suppressed in the latter.
description: Accepted for Publication in New Journal of Physics. 39 pages (incl. sup. mat.) with 12 figures
Doing policing : an inquiry into the rhetorical and argumentative skills of the police
Creators: name: Lynn, Nicholas John
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2008

description: This thesis examines the spoken and written discourse of uniformed British police officers. Utilising a rhetorical and discursive analysis, the study considers firstly how officers use their considerable powers of discretion to deal informally with crime and criminal incidents. Focusing on a form of discretion that the police refer to as cuffing, two specific discursive practices were identified as being used by police to informally resolve crime: these were the giving of suitable advice and the that's civil device. The second part of the study was concerned with the formal prosecution process and how officers construct prosecution case files. Specifically, how they reformulate and precis evidence in 'domestic' violence cases to assist a Crown prosecutor in making a charging decision. In this normally confidential and non-public discourse, officers rely upon a very narrow range of linguistic devices and speech genres; these are combined with an equally limited array of gendered stereotypes and legal myths, with the result that prosecution cases can be 'subverted' (Sacks 1995) and thus discontinued. In both studies, the doing of policing was consistent with two occupational ideologies that are influential within police operational subcultures: the ideology of pragmatism and the ideology of self-preservation. The findings raise concerns about some of the working practices of the police.
A Computational Model of Auditory Feature Extraction and Sound Classification
Creators: name: Coath, Martin
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2005

description: This thesis introduces a computer model that incorporates responses similar to those found in the cochlea, in sub-corticai auditory processing, and in auditory cortex. The principle aim of this work is to show that this can form the basis for a biologically plausible mechanism of auditory stimulus classification. We will show that this classification is robust to stimulus variation and time compression. In addition, the response of the system is shown to support multiple, concurrent, behaviourally relevant classifications of natural stimuli (speech). The model incorporates transient enhancement, an ensemble of spectro - temporal filters, and a simple measure analogous to the idea of visual salience to produce a quasi-static description of the stimulus suitable either for classification with an analogue artificial neural network or, using appropriate rate coding, a classifier based on artificial spiking neurons. We also show that the spectotemporal ensemble can be derived from a limited class of 'formative' stimuli, consistent with a developmental interpretation of ensemble formation. In addition, ensembles chosen on information theoretic grounds consist of filters with relatively simple geometries, which is consistent with reports of responses in mammalian thalamus and auditory cortex. A powerful feature of this approach is that the ensemble response, from which salient auditory events are identified, amounts to stimulus-ensemble driven method of segmentation which respects the envelope of the stimulus, and leads to a quasi-static representation of auditory events which is suitable for spike rate coding. We also present evidence that the encoded auditory events may form the basis of a representation-of-similarity, or second order isomorphism, which implies a representational space that respects similarity relationships between stimuli including novel stimuli.
Heptranchias perlo
Creators: name: Bariche, Michel
name: Fricke, Ronald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Hexanchiformes
Hexanchidae
Heptranchias
Heptranchias perlo

description: Heptranchias perlo (Bonnaterre 1788) —Sharpnose sevengill shark
Taxonomy. First record from Lebanon as Heptranchias perlo by Lteif (2015: 61). Recent unpublished record from Tyre (10 August 2019).
Distribution. Circumglobal in tropical through warm temperate sea (including Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea).
Conservation. IUCN: Global (NT: 30 April 2003); Med. (DD: 25 March 2016). Capture and threats: FIT, FIB, unknown. Occurrence: Rare. High priority for conservation action.
description: Published as part of Bariche, Michel & Fricke, Ronald, 2020, The marine ichthyofauna of Lebanon: an annotated checklist, history, biogeography, and conservation status, pp. 1-157 in Zootaxa 4775 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4775.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3983887
Air permeability of balsa core, and its influence on defect formation in resin infused sandwich laminates
Creators: name: Cullen, Richard Kingsley
Publisher: name: Plymouth University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Balsa
Resin Infusion
Sandwich laminate
Defect formation
Permeability

description: Many large composite structures are manufactured using sandwich laminates to achieve high specific bending strength and stiffness. Examples include wind turbine blades, where self-weight becomes increasingly important as blade size increases. Resin infusion of three-dimensional sandwich laminates can result in complex resin flow paths, and subsequent defect formation, which are difficult to predict. The core material used for sandwich construction and its interaction with liquid resins may also influence the formation of defects, and in the case of balsa this effect can be used to reduce defect severity. In order to evaluate the effect of cored sandwich laminate construction on the formation of defects, this thesis concentrates on the characterisation of commonly used core materials and their interaction with liquid resin under high vacuum conditions. It also considers two numerical flow-modelling packages which are shown to be effective at the prediction of flow front convergence for monolithic laminate, but over-estimate defect severity when modelling air- permeable cored laminates. For balsa core, experiments indicate that the available pore space can act as sink for trapped air, which can aid the reduction of defects where multiple flow fronts converge due to the complexity of flow in sandwich laminates. Empirical data for air absorption and desorption rates in balsa core were obtained using a custom-designed experiment. Using these data a theoretical model was developed that can indicate available pore space, which can inform optimum processing conditions, such as time under vacuum. The diffusion coefficients obtained for air absorption and desorption in balsa are very similar, and lie in the middle of published ranges for hard woods at around 2 x 10 -7 m2/s. The methodology developed for this research project represents actual behaviour of air absorption/desorption during resin infusion, whilst other techniques do not, merely measuring diffusion of air through a sample not allowing for finite pore space. In consequence, infusion strategies can be planned more precisely because core/resin interaction is better understood. Knit line defect formation could be predicted with greater accuracy with suitably modified flow-modelling programs.
A Closer Look at Classification Evaluation Metrics and a Critical Reflection of Common Evaluation Practice
Creators: name: Opitz, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Classification systems are evaluated in a countless number of papers. However, we find that evaluation practice is often nebulous. Frequently, metrics are selected without arguments, and blurry terminology invites misconceptions. For instance, many works use so-called 'macro' metrics to rank systems (e.g., 'macro F1') but do not clearly specify what they would expect from such a `macro' metric. This is problematic, since picking a metric can affect research findings, and thus any clarity in the process should be maximized.
 Starting from the intuitive concepts of bias and prevalence, we perform an analysis of common evaluation metrics. The analysis helps us understand the metrics' underlying properties, and how they align with expectations as found expressed in papers. Then we reflect on the practical situation in the field, and survey evaluation practice in recent shared tasks. We find that metric selection is often not supported with convincing arguments, an issue that can make a system ranking seem arbitrary. Our work aims at providing overview and guidance for more informed and transparent metric selection, fostering meaningful evaluation.
description: appeared in TACL journal. MIT press publication available at https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00675
Contribution to differential $π^0$ and $γ_\mathrm{dir}$ modification in small systems from color fluctuation effects
Creators: name: Perepelitsa, Dennis V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A major complication in the search for jet quenching in proton- or deuteron-nucleus collision systems is the presence of physical effects which influence the experimental determination of collision centrality in the presence of a hard process. For example, in the proton color fluctuation picture, protons with a large Bjorken-$x$ ($x \gtrsim 0.1$) parton interact more weakly with the nucleons in the nucleus, leading to a smaller (larger) than expected yield in large (small) activity events. A recent measurement by PHENIX compared the yield of neutral pion and direct photon production in $d$+Au collisions, under the argument that the photon yields correct for such biases, and the difference between the two species is thus attributable to final-state effects (i.e., jet quenching). The main finding suggests a significant degree of jet quenching for hard processes in small systems. In this paper, I argue that the particular photon and pion events selected by PHENIX arise from proton configurations with significantly different Bjorken-$x$ distributions, and thus are subject to different magnitudes of modification in the color fluctuation model. Using the results of a previous global analysis of RHIC and LHC data, I show that potentially all of the pion-to-photon difference in PHENIX data can be described by a proton color fluctuation picture at a quantitative level before any additional physics from final-state effects is required. This finding reconciles the interpretation of the PHENIX measurement with others at RHIC and LHC, which have found no observable evidence for jet quenching in small systems.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, final version as published