cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Association of Wait Times to Surgical, Medical and Radiation Therapies with Overall Survival in Ontarians with Melanoma
Creators: name: Crawford, Alyson
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Melanoma
Wait time
Survival
Surgery

description: Purpose: Assess for an association of wait times to melanoma treatment with overall survival. Methods: Retrospective review of Ontario patients with melanoma, with descriptive and survival analyses. Results: Median wait times were 43 days (interquartile range (IQR), 24-64) for wide local excision (WLE), 59 days (IQR, 41-81) for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNB), 63 days (IQR, 43-91) for lymph node dissection (LND), 124 days (IQR, 96-150) for medical therapy, and 130 days (IQR, 89.5-157.5) for radiation therapy. In multivariate analysis, wait times to treatment were not associated with overall survival for WLE (hazard ratio (HR), 0.97; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.87-1.08; p=0.62), SNB (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.74-1.07; p=0.21), LND (HR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.89-1.11; p=0.92), medical therapy (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.80-1.10; p=0.41) or radiation therapy (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.61-1.03; p=0.08). Conclusion: Overall survival for patients with melanoma was not associated with wait times to surgical, medical or radiation therapy.
Additional file 1 of Cluster-randomised trial to test the effect of a behaviour change intervention on toilet use in rural India: results and methodological considerations
Creators: name: Schmidt, Wolf-Peter
name: Chauhan, Kavita
name: Bhavsar, Priya
name: Sandul Yasobant
name: Vaibhav Patwardhan
name: Aunger, Robert
name: Dileep Mavalankar
name: Saxena, Deepak
name: Curtis, Val
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Physical activity questionnaire.
Myth-analysis, myth and the social imaginary in Nerval's writing Mythanalyse, mythe et imaginaire social dans l’écriture nervalienne
Creators: name: AZOUGAGH, Ikram
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 440107
subject: Social and cultural anthropology
classificationCode: 441008
subject: Sociology of culture
classificationCode: 470516
subject: Literature in French

description: Les mythes dévoilent une vision unique du monde, ils influencent la culture, la pensée philosophique et l'histoire des sociétés anciennes. La mythanalyse et la mythocritique se complètent pour mieux comprendre l'imaginaire de l'écrivain. Nerval exploite cette richesse mythique en entrelaçant mots et symboles pour créer une magie littéraire. Son écriture transcende les frontières du réel, invitant le lecteur à un fascinant voyage à travers l'éternelle pertinence des mythes, source d'inspiration intemporelle. Résistants au temps, les mythes évoluent et se nourrissent de la société et de la psyché humaine, suscitant des questions sur les énigmes de l'existence et perpétuant ainsi leur mystérieux pouvoir.
What Blix told Howard about WMDs
Creators: name: Browne, Peter
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Although the postwar conflict in Iraq has slipped off the front pages, the crisis continues. People are still being killed, the new Iraqi government is reported to be increasingly authoritarian, and all the evidence suggests that the war has heightened rather than reduced the threat of terrorism. Yet the Prime Minister, Mr Howard, says he would do it all again.
Additional file 2 of Partnering with frail or seriously ill patients in research: a systematic review
Creators: name: Ludwig, Claire
name: Graham, Ian D.
name: Gifford, Wendy
name: Lavoie, Josee
name: Stacey, Dawn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary File 2. Medline Search Terms.
Colour Coded: The Reification of "Race" through Nova Scotia's Black Business Initiative
Creators: name: Jackson, Shawn M.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Race
Blackness
Indigeniety
Indigenous Black
African Nova Scotian
African Canadian
Nova Scotia
Identity
Employment equity
Multiculturalism
Canada
Belonging
Racism
Affirmative action
Self-identification
Motivations
Meaning
Articulation
Positioning

description: The meaning of and motivations behind self-identification is a contentious topic within “the Black community.” The thesis examines the articulation of “Black” and/or “African” identities as means of gaining access to Nova Scotia’s Black Business Initiative (BBI), a state-funded organization mandated with “fostering a dynamic and vibrant Black presence” in the Nova Scotian business community. It is based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Halifax in 2013, including interviews with a diverse representation of 36 participants who self-identified as either "Black" or "African." Viewed as a rare redress effort directed toward and run by Blacks, the BBI is a highly visible site of contestation and competition between “indigenous Blacks” and more recently arrived “African Nova Scotians” from the African continent and Caribbean islands over the boundaries of native and foreign Blackness. The thesis argues that a group historically positioned as “Black” (i.e. Other) within a lasting narrative of displacement – both in the Americas in general, and academic diaspora discourse specifically – can be seen as adopting and adapting a discourse of indigeniety as an act of political and economic empowerment. Stuart Hall’s theoretical understanding of the articulation and positioning of Black identities is used to frame a discussion on the coupling of a distinct group’s lived experiences of subjugation and marginalization in place (i.e. Blackness) with a political and juridical ideology of belonging and entitlement to state recognition and resources (i.e. indigeniety) as a means of securing racially directed resources. It therefore challenges Paula Madden’s (2009) overly simplistic critique of this community as creating a hierarchy of Blackness and performing an erasure of Mi’kma’ki through its claims of Black indigeniety.
Closeness and Conflict in Children’s Friendships: Relations with Friendship Stability, Adjustment and Sociometric Status
Creators: name: Parker, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2011
Subjects: friendship
friendship quality
stability
peer status
controversial
aggressive behaviour
longitudinal
trajectory

description: Not many children report relationships with friends that are both close and conflictual. There is a paucity of research examining the trajectory of children's relationship closeness and conflict together over time. This is unfortunate because contentious relationships are related to cardiovascular problems, at least in young adults and because the trajectories of these two aspects of children's relationship quality over time is not understood. Therefore, two longitudinal data sets with younger (mean age 7.5 years at Time 1; four data points over 2 years) and older (mean age 9.9 years at Time 1; two data points over 1 year) children were studied. In both cohorts, measures of friendship quality and peer nominations of liking/disliking as well as overt and relational (older cohort) aggression were completed. Children who reported relationships high in both closeness and conflict were generally satisfied with their friendships; they were not more likely to end their friendships than were children who reported different levels of closeness and conflict (younger cohort). Both boys' and girls' relationship closeness increased over time according to growth curve analyses. The relationships of girls who remained in the same friendship, and who therefore provided ratings on the same friend at each time point, tended to increase in closeness at a different rate over time than the relationships of girls who provided ratings on different friends (younger cohort). Children who reported relationships high in closeness and in conflict were not more aggressive over time than were children who reported different levels of relationship closeness and conflict. However, girls' closeness and overt aggression tracked each other (increased) over time (younger cohort). Girls who reported low social support and negative interactions in their friendships increased the most in overt aggression over time (older cohort). Aggressive and nonaggressive children generally reported similar friendship quality (both cohorts), but the friendship closeness of chronically aggressive boys decreased over time (younger cohort). There were negligible friendship quality differences amongst the sociometric groups. The discussion centers on friendship quality changes in children's continuing friendships, the potential dire effects of turbulent friendships and the friendships of aggressive as well as controversial children.
I. The Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Allenyl Carbonyl Compounds and Their Use as Synthetic Intermediates II. Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Functionalization: Application to the Synthesis of 3-Carboxylindoles and Attempted Applications to Allenes
Creators: name: Shore, Daniel Gordon Michael
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2011
Subjects: Allene
Rhodium

description: Allenes are unique compounds in organic chemistry by virtue of their adjacent, orthogonal π-bonds. While of limited use in and of themselves, some classes of allenes have found use in organic synthesis as building blocks for more complex products. Previous work in the Fagnou group has identified a silver lewis acid-catalyzed enantioselective isomerization protocol for the synthesis of allenyl esters and amides. This protocol has been subject to reproducibility issues, the source of which is explored in this thesis. Initial work into the development of a phase-transfer catalytic process for the isomerization of alkynyl amides is also presented. The use of allenyl esters in lactonization reactions has become more common in recent years. The scope of the halolactonization of allenyl esters to form halobutenolides is explored here. The lactonization of allenyl carboxylic acids has also been demonstrated in the literature. The attempted synthesis of allenyl carboxylic acids via the oxidative deprotection of dimethoxybenzyl esters is also presented. Indole is an important and biologically and medicinally relevant compound in organic synthesis. Though many classical methods for its synthesis exist, the discovery of new, complex indole-containing compounds necessitates the development of efficient ways to synthesize indoles. Previous work in the Fagnou group has led to the discovery of a rhodium-catalyzed oxidative synthesis of indole with a key C-H functionalization step. This protocol has been applied to alkynyl esters to synthesize an array of 3-carboxylindoles in moderate to good yields. The competency of allenes as an intra- and intermolecular coupling partner in a similar rhodium-catalyzed hydroarylation reaction has also been explored, leading to the discovery that allenyl compounds are not tolerated in this reaction protocol.
Preparation and Characterization of Novel Montmorillonite Nanocomposites
Creators: name: Mansa, Rola
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2011
Subjects: clay
chemistry
montmorillonite
guar gum
oxybenzone
resveratrol
excipient
galactomannan
alkylammonium
organoclay
biopolymer
polymer
green
nanocomposite
bionanocomposite
hybrid
pharmaceutical

description: Clay minerals have historically played a consequential role in human health. While the beginnings were rooted in geophagy, a primitive act of consuming earth, the health-related uses of clay minerals have evolved and diversified over time. As excipients in pharmaceutical formulations, clay minerals can attribute novel properties onto intercalated compounds. Intercalating oxybenzone, a UV filter, within the interlamellar space of montmorillonite is desirable in order to minimize direct contact with skin. Intercalating resveratrol, a compound known for attributing beneficial effects onto human health, may be advantageous since this compound is susceptible to cis-trans isomerisation. The strategy of using alkylammonium–modified clay was undertaken and proved successful for the intercalation of oxybenzone. The field of biopolymer/layered silicate nanocomposites is heavily researched for use in a multitude of applications. Novel montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared with neutral guar gum and cationic guar gum, using an environmentally friendly process and are fully characterized.
Predicting Broad-scale Patterns in Species Distributions
Creators: name: Boucher-Lalonde, Véronique
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: macroecology
biogeography
species richness

description: Species richness of virtually all high-level taxonomic groups is strongly statistically related to climatic variables such as temperature and precipitation, and consistently so across space and time. These observations are consistent with a causal link between the number of species that occur in a given region and its climate. Although dozens of hypotheses have been proposed, the main mechanisms underlying this pattern remain largely unresolved. And, few ecological studies have attempted to identify regularities in the individual species distributions that make up the richness–climate relationship. Despite the complexities of species’ biologies, I found that, to a first approximation, species’ probability of occupancy at continental scales were generally well statistically explained by a Gaussian function of temperature and precipitation. This simple model appeared general among species, taxa and regions. However, although individual species’ ranges are strongly statistically related to climate, spatial variations in richness cannot be explained by systematic variations in species’ climatic niches. And, individual species track changes in climatic variables through time much more weakly than species richness tracks these changes, suggesting that richness is at least partly constrained by mechanisms independent of species identities. Moreover, at macro-scales, species richness was also not strongly predictable from the temperature at which clades have originated, from historical variability in climatic variables nor from local short-term extirpation rates. In sum, I rejected several prominent hypotheses aiming to explain richness–climate relationship and found several lines of evidence inconsistent with the common idea that climatic constraints on individual species, by themselves, can explain richness–climate relationship. I propose a mechanism to explain, as a first approximation, the continental biogeography of species distributions that relies on neutral processes of dispersal and local extinctions within species’ broad deterministic thermal tolerances.
Expression of Biotinylated Multivalent Peptide Antigens in Bacteria for Rapid and Effective Generation of Single Domain Antibodies from Phage-displayed Antibody Libraries
Creators: name: Alturki, Norah
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2012
Subjects: Single-domain antibody (sdAb)
IGFBP7
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7
in vivo biotinylation
VHH

description: In the present study, two insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) C-terminal-peptides were expressed as fusion proteins to bacterial verotoxin pentamerization domain as shown by Western blotting, ELISA and mass spectroscopy. Both in vivo-biotinylated recombinant products were purified from bacterial lysates by IMAC and used directly for panning along with the recombinant IGFBP7 protein using the LAC-M Camelidae naïve single domain antibody (sdAb) library. Target-specific sdAbs to both parental protein and peptide fusions were identified by phage ELISA. Twelve different clones were isolated by phage-ELISA screening and their sdAb genes were sequenced. Soluble sdAbs and their pentameric formats were expressed in TG1 E. coli, purified by IMAC and characterized by ELISA and SPR. Several sdAbs are currently under study, however anti-IGFBP7 (P12/M12) was extensively characterized and exhibited promising anti-tumorigenic effect on PANC-1 cell lines by blocking IGFBP7 promoting activity. This study provides the basis for developing a novel imaging/therapeutic reagent for targeting and treating brain tumor angiogenesis in early stages of tumorogenesis and can also be used as a molecular tool to monitor the degree of angiogenesis in gliomas which may help to improve the clinical management of brain tumors.
Design and Development of a Marine Data Acquisition System for Inertial Measurement in Wind Powered Yachts
Creators: name: Bergeron, Alexandre
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2012
Subjects: Sailboat
Yacht
Wind
Data Acquisition
Marine
IMU
MEMS
Inertial
Measurement
Design
Development
GPS

description: This thesis presents the design of an inertial measurement data acquisition system intended for use in sailboats. The variables of interest are 3-axis acceleration, 3-axis rotation, GPS position/velocity, magnetic compass bearing and wind speed/direction. The design focus is on low-cost micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) based technology and demonstrating the validity of these technologies in a scientific application. A prototype is constructed and submitted to a series of tests to demonstrate functionality and soundness of the design. These tests range from bench tests to full scale application. Contributions of this thesis include the novel application of inertial measurement unit (IMU) technology to a sailboat racing application, the integration of all instrumentation, creative ruggedised packaging and emphasising the use of low-cost commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technology.
Tracking changes in soil organic carbon across the heterogeneous agricultural landscape of the Lower Fraser Valley of British Columbia
Creators: name: Paul, S.S.
name: Dowell, L.
name: Coops, Nicholas C.
name: Johnson, Mark S.
name: Krzic, Maja
name: Geesing, D.
name: Smukler, Sean
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2025

description: Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) can improve the capacity of agricultural systems to both adapt to and mitigate climate change. Despite its importance, the current understanding of the magnitude or even the direction of SOC change in agricultural landscapes is limited. While changes in land use/land cover (LULC) and climate are among the main drivers of changes in SOC, their relative importance for the spatiotemporal assessment of SOC is unclear. This study evaluated LULC and SOC dynamics using archived and recent soil samples, remote sensing, and digital soil mapping in the Lower Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada. We combined both pixel- and object-based analysis of Landsat satellite imagery to assess LULC changes from 1984 to 2018. We achieved an overall accuracy of 81% and kappa coefficient of 0.77 for LULC classification using a random forest model. For predicting SOC for the same time period, we applied soil and vegetation indices derived from Landsat images, topographic indices, historic soil survey variables, and climate data in a random forest model. The SOC prediction of 2018 resulted in a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.67, concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) of 0.76, and normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) of 0.12. For 1984, the SOC prediction accuracies were 0.46, 0.58, and 0.18 for R2, CCC, and nRMSE, respectively. We detected SOC loss in 61%, gain in 12%, while 27% remained unchanged across the study area. Although we detected large losses of SOC due to LULC change, the majority of the SOC losses across the landscape were attributed to areas that were remained in the same type of agricultural production since 1984. Climate variability did not, however, have a strong effect on SOC changes. These results can inform decision making in the study area to support sustainable LULC management for enhancing SOC sequestration.
Insecurity as Imagination: Securitization and Reproduction of Knowledge about Insecurity, The United States and Iraq (January 2002 – March 2003)
Creators: name: Masoumi, Abolfazl
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: Securitization
soft securitization
hard securitization
time
war in Iraq
Critical Discourse Analysis
intelligence

description: This dissertation is a political sociology of production of knowledge about insecurity that focuses on the United States invasion of Iraq in 2003 as its empirical study. Inspired by Pierre Bourdieu’s sociology and the insights of Critical Discourse Analysis, it analyzes the media coverage of Iraq in order to identify ‘actors with the capacity to make statements’ and their contributions to the process of securitization. In addition to its analysis of agency, it offers a theorization of time in security and securitization. By analyzing evidence (intelligence), it explores the question of ‘acceptance of audience’ in Securitization Theory. Contextualizing securitization in a broader social space, this project argues that securitization can be understood as the double movement of soft and hard securitizations that respectively refer to reproduction of language and construction of existential threat.
Dominance, Personality and Innovation in Black-Capped Chickadees ('Poecile atricapillus')
Creators: name: Devost, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Social dominance
Animal personality
Innovative problem-solving
Black-capped chickadee

description: Social dominance influences many aspects of the life of animals living in social groups, including fitness. Recent work suggests that individuals occupying different positions in a dominance hierarchy may differ in their behavioural and cognitive traits. The first objective of this thesis was to determine whether personality (i.e. consistent behavioural differences between individuals) is correlated with dominance in natural groups of black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) in the wild. Dominance relationships within these groups were highly asymmetrical and transitive, which is typical of linear dominance hierarchies. None of the measured personality traits (i.e. aggressiveness in hand, exploration, activity and neophilia) were significantly correlated with dominance. These results suggest that personality does not contribute to the formation of black-capped chickadee hierarchies and add to the growing body of evidence that inherent attributes of individuals are not sufficient to explain the structure of linear dominance hierarchies observed in the wild. The second objective of this thesis was to investigate how dominance and correlates of competitive ability (i.e. sex, age and body condition) are related to novel problem-solving performance, which is a proxy for innovativeness, the invention of new behavioural patterns or the modification of an existing behaviour in a novel context. Problem-solving performance was not significantly associated with sex, age or body condition, but dominants were more efficient problem-solvers than subordinates. This finding suggests that efficiency when solving a novel problem might be driven by cognitive capacity instead of the necessity induced by the social position of an individual. Overall, results of this thesis help to better understand dominance hierarchies in wild groups of animals.
Reducing spare capacity through traffic splitting
Creators: name: Zalesky, Andrew L.
name: Vu, Hai
name: Zukerman, Moshe
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: By splitting traffic across an optimal number of disjoint paths, it is shown a capacity saving of up to 11% is possible in randomly generated networks relative to the most capacity efficient mesh-based restoration scheme available to date. An algorithm yielding the optimal number of disjoint paths is developed.
Characteristics of Reinforced Concrete Bond at High Strain Rates
Creators: name: Jacques, Eric
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: bond
explosion
blast
high strain rate
shock tube
reinforced concrete

description: Despite the on-going intensity of research in the field of protective structural design, one topic that has been largely ignored in the literature is the effect of high strain rates on the bond between reinforcing steel and the surrounding concrete. Therefore, a comprehensive research program was undertaken to establish the effect of high strain rates on reinforced concrete bond. The experimental research consisted of the construction and testing of fourteen flexural beam-end bond specimens and twenty-five lap-spliced reinforced concrete beams. The physical and material properties of the specimens were selected based on a range of design parameters known to significantly influence bond strength. In order to establish a baseline for comparison, approximately half of the total number of specimens were subjected to static testing, while the remainder were subjected to dynamic loading generated using a shock tube. The strain rates generated using the shock tube were consistent with those obtained for mid- and far-field explosive detonation. Results of the beam-end and lap splice beam tests showed that the flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete was significantly stronger and stiffer when subjected to dynamic loading. Furthermore, the high strain rate bond strength was always greater than the corresponding low strain rate values, yielding an average dynamic increase factor (DIF) applied to ultimate bond strength of 1.28. Analysis of the low and high strain rate test results led to the development of empirical expressions describing the observed strain rate sensitivity of reinforced concrete bond for spliced and developed bars with and without transverse reinforcement. The predictive accuracy of the proposed DIF expressions was assessed against the experimental results and data from the literature. It was found that the dynamic bond strength of reinforced concrete can be predicted with reasonably good accuracy and that the proposed DIF expressions can be used for analysis and design of protective structures. An analytical method was also developed to predict the flexural load-deformation behaviour of reinforced concrete members containing tension lap splices. The analysis incorporated the effect of reinforcement slip through the use of pseudo-material stress-strain relationships, in addition to giving consideration to the effect of high strain rates on bond-slip characteristics and on the material properties of concrete and steel. A comparison of the analytical predictions with experimental data demonstrated that the proposed analysis technique can reasonably predict the flexural response of beams with tension lap splices. The results also demonstrated that the model is equally applicable for use at low- and high-strain rates, such as those generated during blast and impact.
title: Accuracy of methane emissions predicted from milk mid-infrared spectra and measured by laser methane detectors in Brown Swiss dairy cows
title: Accuracy of methane emissions predicted from milk mid-infrared spectra and measured by laser methane detectors in Brown Swiss dairy cows
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Denninger, Thomas Magnus
name: Schwarm, Angela
name: Dohme-Meier, Frigga
name: Sorg, Diana
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Faulung

description: Since heritability of CH4 emissions in ruminants was demonstrated, various attempts to generate large individual animal CH4 data sets have been initiated. Predicting individual CH4 emissions based on equations using milk mid-infrared (MIR) spectra is currently considered promising as a low-cost proxy. However, the CH4 emission predicted by MIR in individuals still has to be confirmed by measurements. In addition, it remains unclear how low CH4 emitting cows differ in intake, digestion, and efficiency from high CH4 emitters. In the current study, putatively low and putatively high CH4 emitting Brown Swiss cows were selected from the entire Swiss herdbook population (176,611 cows), using an MIR-based prediction equation. Eventually, 15 low and 15 high CH4 emitters from 29 different farms were chosen for a respiration chamber (RC) experiment in which all cows were fed the same forage-based diet. Several traits related to intake, digestion, and efficiency were quantified over 8 d, and CH4 emission was measured in 4 open circuit RC. Daily CH4 emissions were also estimated using data from 2 laser CH4 detectors (LMD). The MIR-predicted CH4 production (g/d) was quite constant in low and high emission categories, in individuals across sites (home farm, experimental station), and within equations (first available and refined versions). The variation of the MIR-predicted values was substantially lower using the refined equation. However, the predicted low and high emitting cows (n = 28) did not differ on average in daily CH4 emissions measured either with RC or estimated using LMD, and no correlation was found between CH4 predictions (MIR) and CH4 emissions measured in RC. When individuals were recategorized based on CH4 yield measured in RC, differences between categories of 10 low and 10 high CH4 emitters were about 20%. Low CH4 emitting cows had a higher feed intake, milk yield, and residual feed intake, but they differed only weakly in eating pattern and digesta mean retention times. Low CH4 emitters were characterized by lower acetate and higher propionate proportions of total ruminal volatile fatty acids. We concluded that the current MIR-based CH4 predictions are not accurate enough to be implemented in breeding programs for cows fed forage-based diets. In addition, low CH4 emitting cows have to be characterized in more detail using mechanistic studies to clarify in more detail the properties that explain the functional differences found in comparison with other cows. © 2019 American Dairy Science Association®
Redox Signaling and Regional Heterogeneity of Endothelial Dysfunction in db/db Mice
Creators: name: Sallam, Nada A.
name: Laher, Ismail
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2020

description: The variable nature of vascular dysfunction in diabetes is not well understood. We explored the functional adaptation of different arteries in db/db mice in relation to increased severity and duration of diabetes. We compared endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation in the aortae, as well as the carotid and femoral arteries, of db/db mice at three ages in parallel with increased body weight, oxidative stress, and deterioration of glycemic control. Vascular responses to in vitro generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms were assessed. There was a progressive impairment of endothelium-dependent and -independent vasorelaxation in the aortae of db/db mice. The carotid artery was resistant to the effects of in vivo and in vitro induced oxidative stress, and it maintained unaltered vasodilatory responses, likely because the carotid artery relaxed in response to ROS. The femoral artery was more reliant on dilation mediated by endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizing factor(s), which was reduced in db/db mice at the earliest age examined and did not deteriorate with age. Substantial heterogeneity exists between the three arteries in signaling pathways and protein expression of SODs under physiological and diabetic conditions. A better understanding of vascular heterogeneity will help develop novel therapeutic approaches for targeted vascular treatments, including blood vessel replacement.
False memory in a list learning paradigm: a maturational test of a putative relationship to frontal lobe function
Creators: name: Koppel, Sjaanie
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The principal aim of this thesis was to test the conjecture of Schacter et al. (1995) that the false memory effect in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm is generated by errors in source monitoring and is mediated by frontal lobe circuits. In support of their conjecture, Schacter et al. cited evidence from elderly populations with presumed frontal dysfunction, however this thesis studied children over an age range over which the frontal lobes are believed to be maturing. This thesis represents the first attempt to specifically test Schacter's hypothesis based on the developmental trajectory of 'frontal' functioning. Moreover, the use of a developmental trajectory in such a manner is relatively novel, and a key issue within this thesis is how to operationalise 'frontal' functioning in the sense intended by Schacter et al. Extrapolating from Schacter's conjecture, it was predicted that the strength of the false memory effect is directly proportional to the degree of frontal maturation, as estimated by both chronological age and by performance on a range of neuropsychological tests of 'frontal' executive functioning. False memory and executive functioning were compared in children aged 8 to 12 years and in adults using a modified DRM paradigm with a source monitoring extension after Payne et al. (1996). The modified DRM elicited false memory effects comparable to those reported in adolescents by Newstead and Newstead (1998) and in adults by Roediger and McDermott (1995) and by Payne et al. (1996). Three experiments that demonstrate a strong developmental trajectory for false memory effect are reported, but the pattern of results is not consistent with all of the premises of the conjecture. Although false recognition rates increased significantly with age, source monitoring accuracy did not change across the age groups. Consistent with the principal assertion of the conjecture by Schacter et al., age and a general 'frontal' factor were found to be significantly related to the size of the false memory effect. In addition, veridical memory performance was always a predictor of false memory performance. The IAR (Underwood, 1965) theory can best account for the significant covariation between veridical and false memory development, as well as being able to account for the dissociation between false memory and source monitoring.
Experimental Modelling of Debris Dynamics in Tsunami-Like Flow Conditions
Creators: name: Stolle, Jacob
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: tsunami
coastal engineering
debris
object tracking

description: Tsunamis are among the most devastating and complex natural disasters, affecting coastal regions worldwide. Tsunami waves are generated through many natural phenomena, such as earthquakes, landslides, and volcanic eruptions. The waves travel at high speeds away from the source, potentially affecting multiple countries with very little warning. Over the past several decades, tsunamis such as the 2004 Indian Ocean, the 2010 Chilean, and the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami served as reminders of the potential devastation of these natural disasters, resulting in tragic loss of life and billions of dollars in damages. Forensic engineering field investigations and subsequent analysis of these events have demonstrated that infrastructure in these tsunami-prone regions was not adequately prepared for the extreme forces associated with a tsunami. As a result, there has been an increased research emphasis worldwide on the planning and design of infrastructure located in tsunami-prone areas to be better prepared for such future events. The present study aims to experimentally investigate and analyze the motion of debris carried by an inundating tsunami flood. One of the previous challenges involved in the evaluation of debris motion during such events was a lack of experimental methods that could non-invasively, quickly and accurately track the motion of debris at high velocities. This study introduces two innovative methods of tracking the debris. The first one used a novel camera-based tracking algorithm, while the second used Bluetooth and Inertial Measurement Unit sensors to track the debris within the inundating tsunami flood. The study outlines, for the first time, the technology and methods involved in the two tracking methods as it used both dry-test and wet-test experiments to evaluate the applicability of these methods in coastal and hydraulic engineering. This study used these two methods to evaluate the motion of debris from experiments conducted in a new Tsunami Wave Basin commissioned recently at Waseda University (Tokyo, Japan). The study examined the effect of the initial positioning of the debris, particularly focusing on the spreading area of the debris (determining thus their maximum displacement and the spreading angle of the debris). The results showed that an increase in the number of the debris resulted in an increase in the spreading angle of the debris and a decrease in the displacement of the debris. The increased number of debris also added significantly more variation in the final resting position of the debris due to the increased debris-debris collisions. The initial orientation of the debris also affected debris motion, particularly influencing the peak velocity of the debris and the distance from the initial debris resting position to where the peak velocity was observed.
Additional file 1 of Partnering with frail or seriously ill patients in research: a systematic review
Creators: name: Ludwig, Claire
name: Graham, Ian D.
name: Gifford, Wendy
name: Lavoie, Josee
name: Stacey, Dawn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary File 1. International Association of Public Participation (IAP2) Spectrum of Public Participation.
Additional file 3 of Partnering with frail or seriously ill patients in research: a systematic review
Creators: name: Ludwig, Claire
name: Graham, Ian D.
name: Gifford, Wendy
name: Lavoie, Josee
name: Stacey, Dawn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary File 3. PRISMA 2009 Checklist for systematic review.
Quantitative Determination of Surface Markers on B-cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Cells
Creators: name: Niu, Suli
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: B-cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
CD5
CD19
CD20
CD38
fluorescence microscope
Image J

description: To supplement and modify the diagnosis and clinical research of B-cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (B-CLL), a new method based on cell imaging and image processing was developed and applied to the B-CLL patient samples. The fluorophore-labelled leukemia cells were clearly visualized, reflecting the positive/negative expression of the corresponding surface markers and their distribution. Computer algorithms were devised and used to analyze a large number of images. The fluorescence intensity of the labelled antibodies on a given cell directly reflects the expression of the corresponding surface markers. The morphology and size of leukemia cells were not identical even in the same patient’s sample and the size variation does not correlate with the number of surface markers. The amount of each surface marker was approximately fixed for each patient, but there were some relationships, for instance, the number of CD19 and CD38 markers were correlated to each other. The heterogeneous expression of surface markers confirmed an assumption that surface markers have their preferred membrane positions. One of the most important results is that the cell imaging and our image processing method has provided an alternative and reliable way to diagnose B-CLL and new insights in the prognosis of subtype of B-CLL.
Beings in the game-world: characters, avatars, and players
Creators: name: Bayliss, Peter
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Immersive and engaging are words often used interchangeably to describe the player's experience of gameplay without clear distinction between what these terms refer to, and without investigation of the underlying basis of each experience. This paper aims to build upon previous work by other authors on the nature of the player's experience of gameplay by focusing on how these experiences are mediated by the player's point of control within the game-world. The relationship between the player and their point of control in the game-world is discussed in terms of embodiment to articulate differences between the terms avatar and character, distinctions that are in turn used as a basis for understanding how different attitudes towards the activity of gameplay arise from the interplay of different relationships between the player and their point of control. Finally there is a consideration of how the relationship between the player and their point of control and resultantly their attitudes towards the activity of gameplay may influence different types of an experience of being-in-the-game-world, namely immersion, engagement, presence, and telepresence.
Arsenic Distribution and Speciation in Antigorite-Rich Rocks from Vermont, USA
Creators: name: Niu, Lijie
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2011
Subjects: Arsenic
X-ray absorption near-edge structure
XRD
Extended X-ray absorption fine structure
electron microprobe
acid leaching
diffusion
pH

description: Summary Serpentinites from the northern Vermont were examined for the distribution and abundance of As. XRD and electron microprobe showed the samples are composed of antigorite, chromite, magnetite, and carbonate minerals (magnesite, dolomite, calcite). The concentration in As when the samples were dissolved in H3PO4 was 10% of the concentration in As when the samples were dissolved in concentrated HF/HNO3, suggesting that As is mainly incorporated in the structure of antigorite. X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra showed that the As is As(III) in the samples. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra suggested that the As has a tetrahedral coordination and is located in the Si-site in serpentine.
Alterations of the Monoaminergic Systems by Sustained Triple Reuptake Inhibition
Creators: name: Jiang, Jojo L
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2012
Subjects: Depression
Triple Reuptake Inhibition
In vivo Electrophysiology
Serotonin
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
Microdialysis

description: Recent approaches in depression therapeutics include triple reuptake inhibitors, drugs that target three monoamine systems. Using in vivo electrophysiological and microdialysis techniques, the effects of 2- and 14-day treatments of escitalopram, nomifensine and the co-administration of these two drugs (TRI) were examined in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Short- and long-term TRI administration decreased NE firing and had no effect on DA neurons. Normal 5-HT firing rates were maintained after 2-day TRI administration compared to the robust inhibitory action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Escitalopram treatment enhanced the tonic activation of the 5-HT1A receptors given the increase in firing observed following WAY100635 administration. Nomifensine treatment enhanced tonic activation of the α2–adrenoceptors following idazoxan administration. TRI treatment caused a robust increase in extracellular DA levels that was in part mediated by a serotonergic contribution. Therapeutic effects of the drugs examined in this study may be due to the enhancement of 5-HT, NE and/or DA neurotransmission.
title: Plastik und andere persistente "neue" Stoffe im Boden
title: Plastik und andere persistente "neue" Stoffe im Boden
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Grathwohl, Peter
name: Schnug, Ewald
name: Köpke, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Bodenschutz
subject: Kunststoff
subject: Neustoff
subject: Plastik
subject: Kommission Bodenschutz beim UBA
subject: KBU
subject: PFAS
subject: Neue Stoffe
subject: Boden | Fläche

description: Mit dem Eintritt ins Anthropozän werden den Böden zahlreiche neue Stoffe zugeführt, die allesamt die natürlichen Eigenschaften von Böden beeinflussen können und das fast immer negativ. Sie reichern sich in Böden kontinuierlich an, weil sie biologisch oder chemisch nicht abbaubar, das heißt persistent sind. Aktuelle Beispiele sind die beiden Stoffgruppen menschengemachte Kohlenstoff-Polymere (das heißt Plastik) und per- und polyfluorierter Verbindungen (sogenannte PFAS). Die KBU zeigt für diese nicht nur die möglichen Eintragspfade in die Umwelt und die Konsequenzen für den Boden auf. Darüber hinaus leitet sie darauf aufbauend 5 konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen zur Minderung und Begrenzung der Einträge ab. Quelle: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de
description: Mit dem Eintritt ins Anthropozän werden den Böden zahlreiche neue Stoffe zugeführt, die allesamt die natürlichen Eigenschaften von Böden beeinflussen können und das fast immer negativ. Sie reichern sich in Böden kontinuierlich an, weil sie biologisch oder chemisch nicht abbaubar, das heißt persistent sind. Aktuelle Beispiele sind die beiden Stoffgruppen menschengemachte Kohlenstoff-Polymere (das heißt Plastik) und per- und polyfluorierter Verbindungen (sogenannte ⁠PFAS⁠).Die KBU zeigt für diese nicht nur die möglichen Eintragspfade in die Umwelt und die Konsequenzen für den Boden auf. Darüber hinaus leitet sie darauf aufbauend 5 konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen zur Minderung und Begrenzung der Einträge ab.
Transcriptomic and Secretomic Profiling of Isolated Leukocytes Exposed to Alpha-Particle and Photon Radiation - Applications in Biodosimetry
Creators: name: Howland, Matthew
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: alpha-particle
ionising radiation
ionizing radiation
gene response
transcriptional response
photon
radiation
biodosimetry
dosimetry
gene profiling
miRNA profiling
bio-plex

description: The general public is at risk of ionising-radiation exposure. The development of high-throughput methods to triage exposures is warranted. Current biodosimetry techniques are low-throughput and encumbered by time and technical expertise. Although there has been an emergence of gene-profiling tools for the purpose of photon biodosimetry, similar capacities do not exist for alpha-particle radiation. Herein is the first genomic study useful for alpha-particle radiation biodosimetric triage. This work has identified robust alpha-particle induced gene-based biomarkers in isolated, ex-vivo irradiated leukocytes from multiple donors. It was found that alpha-particle and photon radiation elicited similar transcriptional responses, which could potentially be distinguished by aggregate-signature analysis. Although no distinct genes were sole indicators of exposure type, clustering algorithms and principal component analysis were able to demarcate radiation type with some success. By comparing the biological effects elicited by photon and alpha-particle radiation, significant contributions have been made to the field of radiation biodosimetry.