cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PHA4GE: Improving openness and interoperability in public health bioinformatics
Creators: name: Southgate, Jamie
name: Rangarirai Matima
name: Naidu, Alecia
name: Nawaal Weitz
name: Bridger, Michael
name: Christoffels, Alan
name: PHA4GE Working Group Members
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2022

description: There is plenty of opportunity for innovation in sequencing and biorepositories capabilities globally. The formation of the Public Health Alliance for Genomic Epidemiology (PHA4GE; www.pha4ge.org), in 2019, was predicated on the need to champion the development of open source, reproducible bioinformatics, and to support the development of bioinformatic and data standards, architectures and methods for public health. This can be seen in the PHA4GE goals that include reducing the barrier to entry for routine sequencing; promoting standardization and reproducibility of workflows; advancing the usage of open data and open source in public health; improving surveillance and outbreak response; promoting private/public partnerships to drive innovation; development of global public health bioinformatics workforce and empower public health laboratories to analyze and govern their own data. It is also PHA4GE’s mission to establish global consensus standards; to document and share best practices; to improve the availability of critical bioinformatic tools and resources; and to advocate for greater openness, interoperability, accessibility, and reproducibility in public health bioinformatics. During the COVID-19 pandemic the various working groups have aligned their global efforts to develop methods that can assist in Public health intervention (https://pha4ge.org/resources/)

 Our community includes partners and stakeholders such as funders; public health organizations at international, regional and national levels; and multiple scientific contributors across the world. The consortium is guided and supported by an advisory board and a secretariat, respectively. Five Working Groups drive various activities to fulfil the consortium's mission. Through support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, PHA4GE managed to support two rounds of sub-grantees. These subawardees based in African (14) and South East Asia (12) are currently working in partnership with public health laboratories to promote sustainable development in bioinformatics, ethics and data sharing to support public health.
Emirati women journalists bargaining with patriarchy in search of equality
Creators: name: Al Obeidli, Noura
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2020

description: In recent years, arguments have been made about the absence of Emirati women journalists in analyzing political and economic news stories. The role of Emirati women in journalism has been and remains anonymous. They are rarely seen taking part in this field, in comparison with their peers in other states in the Arabian Peninsula, particularly in Kuwait and Bahrain, where women have reported on complex political and social issues since the 1960s and 1970s. In addition, the field of broadcast media and journalism has proven to be a challenging one for Emirati women to enter, due to socio-cultural constraints set by a patriarchal society that prefers the practise of traditional gender roles. To shed light on this phenomenon, this doctoral research will present an in-depth study of media development and the emergence of women’s journalism in the UAE, using two types of empirical research methodology. The first is participant observation, which took place at Dubai Media Incorporated’s news centre (Dubai TV) and Abu Dhabi Media Company’s news centre (Abu Dhabi Channel One). The second is semistructured interviews, in which 40 Emirati and Arab expat journalists were interviewed, and were categorized based on gender, with 30 females and 10 males, and stratification. For the latter, journalists were divided into two generational groups: journalists who belong to ‘the early generation’, between the ages of 30 and 60, who practised journalism from the 1970s to the 1990s; and journalists who belong to ‘the new generation’, who are in their 20s, and started practising journalism from the year 2000 onward. This research will make a significant contribution to the study of Gulf and Arab media and gender studies, as it is the first to investigate gender dynamics in Emirati newsrooms, and in particular the influence of tribal and patriarchal culture in determining Emirati women’s roles as newsmakers. It is also the first to observe and document the newsroom norms and journalistic practises in the Emirates, which are delimited by an oppressive 40-year-old media law, authoritarian political power control, and censorship. Therefore, this study highlights specific themes that are underexamined in the Emirates, including gender dynamics and self-censorship practises in the newsroom. It is also the first empirical study to use ethnography in order to examine these themes.
Additional file 2 of Intratumoral delivery of TransCon™ TLR7/8 Agonist promotes sustained anti-tumor activity and local immune cell activation while minimizing systemic cytokine induction
Creators: name: Zúñiga, Luis Alejandro
name: Leßmann, Torben
name: Uppal, Karan
name: Bisek, Nicola
name: Hong, Enping
name: Rasmussen, Caroline E.
name: Karlsson, Jens-Jakob
name: Zettler, Joachim
name: Holten-Andersen, Lars
name: Bang, Kathy
name: Thakar, Dhruv
name: Lee, Yu-Chi
name: Martinez, Salomon
name: Sabharwal, Simran Singh
name: Stark, Sebastian
name: Faltinger, Frank
name: Kracker, Oliver
name: Weisbrod, Samuel
name: Müller, Robin
name: Voigt, Tobias
name: Bigott, Kornelia
name: Tabrizifard, Mohammad
name: Breinholt, Vibeke Miller
name: Mirza, Amer M.
name: Rosen, David B.
name: Sprogøe, Kennett
name: Punnonen, Juha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Consistent resiquimod release in vitro from TransCon TLR7/8 Agonist in the pH range between 6.8 and 7.8. A suspension of TransCon TLR7/8 Agonist (nominal 47 μg eq. of resiquimod) in 60 mM phosphate buffer was incubated at 37 °C at various pH levels. Samples of the supernatant were withdrawn at various times and the resiquimod content was determined. Values are represented as mean percentage from 2 experiments of resiquimod release of total resiquimod loaded on the hydrogel. Release half-lives were determined following a first-order fit of the data.
Interrater agreement of nasal endoscopy in patients with a prior history of endoscopic sinus surgery
Creators: name: Stankiewicz, James A.
name: Hwang, Peter H.
name: Mace, Jess C.
name: McCoul, Edward D.
name: Smith, Timothy L.
name: Anand, Vijay K.
name: Tabaee, Abtin
name: Senior, Brent A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Nasal endoscopy is an important part of the clinical evaluation of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. However, its objectivity and inter-rater agreement have not been well studied, especially in patients who have previously had sinus surgery.
Deep learning for intermittent gravitational wave signals
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Takahiro S.
name: Kuroyanagi, Sachiko
name: Liu, Guo-Chin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ensemble of unresolved compact binary coalescences is a promising source of the stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background. For stellar-mass black hole binaries, the astrophysical stochastic GW background is expected to exhibit non-Gaussianity due to their intermittent features. We investigate the application of deep learning to detect such non-Gaussian stochastic GW background and demonstrate it with the toy model employed in Drasco \& Flanagan (2003), in which each burst is described by a single peak concentrated at a time bin. For the detection problem, we compare three neural networks with different structures: a shallower convolutional neural network (CNN), a deeper CNN, and a residual network. We show that the residual network can achieve comparable sensitivity as the conventional non-Gaussian statistic for signals with the astrophysical duty cycle of $\log_{10}ξ\in [-3,-1]$. Furthermore, we apply deep learning for parameter estimation with two approaches, in which the neural network (1) directly provides the duty cycle and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and (2) classifies the data into four classes depending on the duty cycle value. This is the first step of a deep learning application for detecting a non-Gaussian stochastic GW background and extracting information on the astrophysical duty cycle.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, minor corrections
NGS training for pathogen genomic surveillance in Africa
Creators: name: Mulder, Nicola
name: Garson, Kirsty Lee
name: Maturure, Perceval
name: Yiqun Tony  Li
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2022

description: This poster describes our training program for the Africa CDC PGI. We have run SARS-CoV-2 and fundamental bioinformatics training programs and are developing a standardized curriculum and other training resources for pathogen surveillance.
Comparative Study of MPLS Traffic Engineering Signal Protocols with Different Audio Codecsthesis
Creators: name: abbas, shaimaa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400604
subject: Network engineering

description: Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) technology is capable of reducing network congestion and enhancing management of network resources by adapting efficient load balancing schemes based on Traffic Engineering (TE) signal protocols. This thesis addresses the performance of MPLS networks in the presence of TE signal protocols for Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) applications.
Performance comparison between two TE signal protocols, namely the Constraint-based Routing Label Distribution Protocol (CR-LDP) and Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP), is made. Simulation results are presented of two fourswitch MPLS networks having six and eight routers, respectively. The study addresses the following different audio codecs including PCM (64 Kbps), GSM FR (13 Kbps), G.723.1 (5.3 Kbps), G.726 (16 Kbps), G.728 (16 Kbps), G.729 (8 Kbps) and IS-641(7.4 Kbps). The performance of these codecs is presented and compared in the absence and presence of Quality of Service (QoS) algorithms including FirstIn First-Out (FIFO), Priority Queuing (PQ), and Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ). Numbers of maintained calls, jitter, Packet Delay Variation (PDV), and end-to-end delay are used as measure parameters for performance assessment.
Before using QoS algorithms, the MPLS network with CR-LDP has a noticeable performance advantage compared to the MPLS network with RSVP. It is (500%) more than RSVP in terms of number of maintained calls in the first network and (700%) in the second network. After applying QoS algorithms, the WFQ queuing is more compatible with RSVP than CRLDP protocol. The number of maintained calls in RSVP-WFQ is (228%) more than in CRLDP-WFQ for the first network and (107%) for the second network. Using QoS along with TE in MPLS network decreases the jitter, packet delay variation, and end-to-end packet delay compared to the case of using TE alone. Further, the PQ algorithm gives the lowest delay of the other algorithms. Comparison among audio codecs shows that G.723.1 gives the highest number of calls when RSVP, WFQ, and G.723.1 are used together. Simulation results are obtained using OPNET modeler 14.5
Computed intranasal spray penetration: comparisons before and after nasal surgery
Creators: name: Rhee, John S.
name: Frank, Dennis O.
name: Kimbell, Julia S.
name: Cannon, Daniel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Quantitative methods for comparing intranasal drug delivery efficiencies pre- and postoperatively have not been fully utilized. The objective of this study is to use computational fluid dynamics techniques to evaluate aqueous nasal spray penetration efficiencies before and after surgical correction of intranasal anatomic deformities.
Additional file 3 of Intratumoral delivery of TransCon™ TLR7/8 Agonist promotes sustained anti-tumor activity and local immune cell activation while minimizing systemic cytokine induction
Creators: name: Zúñiga, Luis Alejandro
name: Leßmann, Torben
name: Uppal, Karan
name: Bisek, Nicola
name: Hong, Enping
name: Rasmussen, Caroline E.
name: Karlsson, Jens-Jakob
name: Zettler, Joachim
name: Holten-Andersen, Lars
name: Bang, Kathy
name: Thakar, Dhruv
name: Lee, Yu-Chi
name: Martinez, Salomon
name: Sabharwal, Simran Singh
name: Stark, Sebastian
name: Faltinger, Frank
name: Kracker, Oliver
name: Weisbrod, Samuel
name: Müller, Robin
name: Voigt, Tobias
name: Bigott, Kornelia
name: Tabrizifard, Mohammad
name: Breinholt, Vibeke Miller
name: Mirza, Amer M.
name: Rosen, David B.
name: Sprogøe, Kennett
name: Punnonen, Juha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. TransCon TLR7/8 Agonist inhibited CT26 tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner. Female BALB/c mice were SC implanted with 3 x 105 CT26 tumor cells in their flank. When tumors were grown to a mean tumor volume of ~115 mm3, mice were randomized into treatment cohorts (Day 0; n = 17/group). The day following randomization, animals received either empty hydrogel (TransCon Vehicle) or 5, 20, 80, or 200 μg (eq. of resiquimod) of TransCon TLR7/8 Agonist as a single intratumoral dose (arrow). Values are represented as mean tumor volume ± SEM. On Day 10, * = p<0.05 vs TransCon Vehicle, n = 7-8/group.
Spin-dependent metastable He ($2^3S$) atom scattering from ferromagnetic surfaces: Potential application to polarized-gas production
Creators: name: Maruyama, Haruka
name: Kurahashi, Mitsunori
name: Asakawa, Kanta
name: Hatakeyama, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spin-polarized triplet metastable helium (He*) beam has been used as a probe for surface magnetism, but changes in the spin state during scattering from a surface remain unclear. In the present study, we explored this issue by constructing an apparatus that allows us to direct a spin-polarized He* beam to a surface and measure the spin polarization of He* scattered from the surface. Magnetic hexapoles were used for both the beam polarization and the spin analysis. The results of the spin-dependent He* scattering experiments on clean Fe$_3$O$_4$(100), H-terminated Fe$_3$O$_4$(100), benzene-adsorbed Fe$_3$O$_4$(100), and non-magnetic Cu(100) surfaces indicated that although the spin direction of He* was mostly preserved during scattering from these surfaces, spin-flop scattering of surviving He* occurred with a probability up to approximately 0.1. Our results showed that the survival probability was higher when the spins of He* and the Fe$_3$O$_4$(100) film were parallel, which can be understood based on the lower He* resonance ionization rate for this spin orientation. Based on our findings, we estimate that a non-polarized He* gas becomes 10% spin-polarized after a single collision with a clean Fe$_3$O$_4$(100) surface.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Published version
title: Enhancing the social acceptability of sustainability transitions through governance : lessons learned from England’s post-Brexit agricultural sustainability transition
Creators: name: De Boon, Auvikki
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: Sustainability transitions are assumed to be one of the key solutions to society’s grand challenges such as climate change, environmental degradation, and growing inequality. This assumption has led to multiple international commitments to realize sustainability transitions, including the Paris Agreement and the European Green Deal. However, attempts to implement sustainability transitions often lack social acceptability and are confronted with societal protest. Despite a rich body of literature around the dynamics of sustainability transitions, there exists a knowledge gap on how to address this lack of social acceptability through governance. This thesis addresses this knowledge gap with insights from a critical case study of England’s post-Brexit agricultural sustainability transition. The main pillar of this sustainability transition is a shift from direct payments to farmers based on the amount of land that they manage to payments for efforts undertaken to provide public goods. The aim of this thesis is to explore how sustainability transitions could be governed to enhance the social acceptability of both the sustainability transition process and its outcomes. The analysis is based on literature reviews, interviews with stakeholders, a survey with English adults, and a policy analysis of key policy documents related to the English agricultural sustainability transition. Based on this, this develops a Sustainability Transition Governance framework and provides practical lessons for the governance of sustainability transitions. Overall, this thesis highlights the importance of monitoring and reflecting societal perceptions throughout a sustainability transition process; allowing diversity in problem and solution frames; creating flexibility in the measures designed to bring about a sustainability transition; providing clearly worded, long-term goals; interlinking problem(s), goal(s), and mechanisms to achieve the goal(s) of a sustainability transition; using integrated decision-making; building trust; showing credibility; being transparent in all sustainability transition processes; and taking a holistic approach to governance.
The transmembrane tyrosine of  -heavy chain is required for BCR destabilization and entry of antigen into clathrin-coated vesicles
Creators: name: Vilen, B. J.
name: Rutan, J. A.
name: Kim, J. H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The B cell antigen receptor (BCR) delivers antigen to the endocytic compartment and transduces signals that regulate the stability of the receptor complex. Previous studies showed that BCRmediated signal transduction dissociates µ-heavy chain (µm) from lg-α/lg-β, facilitating the delivery of antigen to clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs). Herein, we demonstrate that the dissociation of lg-α/lg-β from mm requires tyrosine-587 of the µm transmembrane domain. Receptors expressing a mutation at tyrosine-587 (Y587F) transduced signals that were comparable to wild type, yet they failed to dissociate µm from lg-α/lg-β. Further, receptors harboring the Y587F mutation failed to associate with CCVs, resulting in diminished antigen in the lysosome-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1+) compartment and severely impaired antigen presentation, indicating that endocytosis through CCVs is required for antigen presentation. Thus, the transmembrane tyrosine of µm mediates destabilization of the BCR complex, facilitating antigen processing by promoting the association of antigen with CCVs.
Clarification of Priority and Conceptual Development of the Fractal Fluid Space-Time (FFST) Framework
Creators: name: Cannon, Rodney
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 510105
subject: General relativity and gravitational waves

description: This is a public clarification of the development and publication timeline of the Fractal Fluid Space-Time (FFST) theory. It establishes authorship priority and outlines concerns regarding unacknowledged conceptual overlap with a recently published paper. This statement is not an accusation but a formal assertion of originality, transparency, and authorship.
Additional file 4 of Intratumoral delivery of TransCon™ TLR7/8 Agonist promotes sustained anti-tumor activity and local immune cell activation while minimizing systemic cytokine induction
Creators: name: Zúñiga, Luis Alejandro
name: Leßmann, Torben
name: Uppal, Karan
name: Bisek, Nicola
name: Hong, Enping
name: Rasmussen, Caroline E.
name: Karlsson, Jens-Jakob
name: Zettler, Joachim
name: Holten-Andersen, Lars
name: Bang, Kathy
name: Thakar, Dhruv
name: Lee, Yu-Chi
name: Martinez, Salomon
name: Sabharwal, Simran Singh
name: Stark, Sebastian
name: Faltinger, Frank
name: Kracker, Oliver
name: Weisbrod, Samuel
name: Müller, Robin
name: Voigt, Tobias
name: Bigott, Kornelia
name: Tabrizifard, Mohammad
name: Breinholt, Vibeke Miller
name: Mirza, Amer M.
name: Rosen, David B.
name: Sprogøe, Kennett
name: Punnonen, Juha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4: Figure S3. TransCon TLR7/8 Agonist inhibited MC38 tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner. Female C57BL/6 mice were SC implanted with 5 x 105 CT26 tumor cells in their flank. When tumors were grown to a mean tumor volume of ~100 mm3, mice were randomized into treatment cohorts (Day 0; n = 20-22/group). On the same day of randomization, animals received either empty hydrogel (TransCon Vehicle) or 25 or 134 μg (eq. of resiquimod) of TransCon TLR7/8 Agonist as a single intratumoral dose (arrow). Values are represented as mean tumor volume ± SEM. On Day 18, * = p<0.05 vs TransCon Vehicle, n = 13-17/group.
The structure of Tick-borne Encephalitis virus determined at X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers. Simulations
Creators: name: Assalauova, Dameli
name: Vartanyants, Ivan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the structure of viruses by X-ray free-electron lasers (XFEL) attracts more attention in recent decades. Such experiments are based on the collection of two-dimensional diffraction patterns measured at the detector after diffraction of femtosecond X-ray pulses on biological samples. In order to prepare the experiment at the European XFEL we simulated the diffraction data for the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) with different parameters and identified their optimal values. Following necessary steps of a well-established data processing pipeline, the structure of TBEV was obtained and the efficiency of the used methods was demonstrated.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures
Chiral Discrimination in Helicity-Preserving Fabry-Pérot Cavities
Creators: name: Mauro, L.
name: Fregoni, J.
name: Feist, J.
name: Avriller, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study circular dichroism of chiral molecules embedded inside a helicity-preserving Fabry-Pérot cavity. We find an increase of the intrinsic chiroptical response of the molecules by 2 orders of magnitude and report the first clear signature of chiral cavity polaritons upon entering the regime of strong light-matter coupling. We study a cavity design based on two dielectric photonic crystal mirrors acting, in a narrow frequency range, as efficient polarization cross-converters in transmission for one polarization and almost perfect reflectors for the other polarization. We show that a Pasteur medium hosted inside such a cavity can couple efficiently to both the outside of the cavity and to the helicity-preserving mode, inheriting an enhanced chiral character. We expect such a device to be useful in the future to design ultrasensitive chiral sensors for optics and stereochemistry.
Stable solid molecular hydrogen above 900K from a machine-learned potential trained with diffusion Quantum Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Niu, Hongwei
name: Yang, Yubo
name: Jensen, Scott
name: Holzmann, Markus
name: Pierleoni, Carlo
name: Ceperley, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We survey the phase diagram of high-pressure molecular hydrogen with path integral molecular dynamics using a machine-learned interatomic potential trained with Quantum Monte Carlo forces and energies. Besides the HCP and C2/c-24 phases, we find two new stable phases both with molecular centers in the Fmmm-4 structure, separated by a molecular orientation transition with temperature. The high temperature isotropic Fmmm-4 phase has a reentrant melting line with a maximum at higher temperature (1450K at 150GPa) than previously estimated and crosses the liquid-liquid transition line around 1200K and 200GPa.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, updated acknowledgment
Increased immunogenicity to P815 cells modified with malondialdehyde and acetaldehyde
Creators: name: Willis, Monte S.
name: Jones, Bonnie L.
name: Tuma, Dean J.
name: Duryee, Michael J.
name: Thiele, Geoffrey M.
name: Klassen, Lynell W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Aldehyde modified proteins have been associated with the development and/or progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). These protein adducts are capable of initiating many immunological responses that are harmful to the normal homeostasis of organism function. Previous studies have shown that malondialdehyde (MDA) and acetaldehyde (AA) synergistically form a unique adduct (MAA) with soluble proteins, which are capable of inducing cytokine release, T-cell proliferation, and antibody production. The purpose of this study was to determine whether MAA-adduction can elicit similar responses to cells using a well-defined tumor model. The mouse mastocytoma P815 tumor cell line was modified with MAA (P815-MAA) or left unmodified (P815) and 106 irradiated cells were injected into DBA/2 mice once a week for 5 weeks. Serum was collected and tested for antibody responses to P815 cells and the MAA epitope. Immunization of MAA-adducted P815 cells into syngeneic DBA/2 mice induced a strong antibody response to the MAA epitope as determined by ELISA on Alb and MAA-Alb (508 µg/ml and 1092 µg/ml, respectively). In addition, antibody to unmodified P815 cells was detected by fluorescent technique. Mice immunized with P815 cells or PBS showed little or no reactivity to the MAA epitope or P815 cells. Studies to assess IL-12 stimulation showed that peritoneal macrophages from P815 and PBS immunized animals produced modest amounts of IL-12 (20 and 35 pg/ml) when stimulated with Alb or MAA-Alb. However, macrophage from P815-MAA immunized mice responded to soluble MAA-adduct (142 pg/ml). Finally, in tumor survival studies the mean survival was 14.25 days in PBS treated mice; 15.75 days with P815 immunized mice and 18.25 days with P815-MAA immunized mice. Therefore, these data strongly suggest that antibody responses are induced by P815 cells modified with MAA-adducts. This may be a possible tool to begin looking at how alcohol metabolites potentially modify cells and/or cellular components making them recognizable to the immune system as foreign. It is thought that these studies define a model system that will be useful in assessing antibody and potentially T cell responses to cells that are modified by MAA.
Intrinsic fluctuations of reinforcement learning promote cooperation
Creators: name: Barfuss, Wolfram
name: Meylahn, Janusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.3; J.4
subject: 68T05, 91A05, 91A26, 93A16

description: In this work, we ask for and answer what makes classical temporal-difference reinforcement learning with epsilon-greedy strategies cooperative. Cooperating in social dilemma situations is vital for animals, humans, and machines. While evolutionary theory revealed a range of mechanisms promoting cooperation, the conditions under which agents learn to cooperate are contested. Here, we demonstrate which and how individual elements of the multi-agent learning setting lead to cooperation. We use the iterated Prisoner's dilemma with one-period memory as a testbed. Each of the two learning agents learns a strategy that conditions the following action choices on both agents' action choices of the last round. We find that next to a high caring for future rewards, a low exploration rate, and a small learning rate, it is primarily intrinsic stochastic fluctuations of the reinforcement learning process which double the final rate of cooperation to up to 80%. Thus, inherent noise is not a necessary evil of the iterative learning process. It is a critical asset for the learning of cooperation. However, we also point out the trade-off between a high likelihood of cooperative behavior and achieving this in a reasonable amount of time. Our findings are relevant for purposefully designing cooperative algorithms and regulating undesired collusive effects.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) AND COLLABORATION IN EDUCATION: A PANACEA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN NIGERIA.
Creators: name: Ulayi, Agnes
name: Arikpo, Esther
name: Bullem, Anthony
name: Tawo, Catherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390403
subject: Educational administration, management and leadership

description: Every country’s development is practically anchored on education and its basic conditions for socio-economic and technological transformation of the nation. This paper examined the extent to which public-private partnership and collaboration in education contributes in the sustainable development of tertiary institutions in the areas such as infrastructural and human development. The paper x-rays the concepts of public?private partnership and sustainable development of tertiary institutions, types of public-private partnership. The paper also examine the benefits public-private partnership and collaboration in education, such as cost saving, enhancement of revenue generation and others. It further examines the role of public-private partnership and collaboration in education; it also highlighted the risks associated with public–private partnership in development programmes. The paper further reveals that the attainment of meaningful and sustainable development requires the genuine participation of the public, the organized private sectors, donor agencies, individuals and civil society. Such as loss of control by the public sector where private partners commit more funds to a project than the public sector, there is a likelihood that private partners would seek for more control over how services are provided and priced. It further examined the ten tips for successful public- private partnership in higher institution. The paper recommended among others that public-private partnership should be encouraged for sustainability of our university systems.
Chromatin remodeling complex in Treg function
Creators: name: Wan, Yisong Y.
name: Jani, Anant
name: Chi, Tian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Regulatory T cells (Treg), formerly known as suppressor T cells, are essential for maintaining self-tolerance as well as immune homeostasis. Lack of Treg or normal function of Treg often leads to lymphoproliferative syndrome and autoimmunity in human and mouse. The chromatin remodeling BAF complex regulates gene expression through the activity of Brg. Genetic ablation of Brg gene in mouse resulted in early embryonic lethality. T cell failed to develop in the thymus when Brg is deleted at DN stage. Using a Brg conditional KO mouse model, we deleted Brg at the DP stage in the thymus. Unexpectedly, T cells developed and matured normally. However, these mice displayed lympho-proliferative syndrome 2–4 months of age with enlarged peripheral lymphoid organs and leukocyte infiltration in non-lymphoid organs. T cells from these mice turned into effector cells producing increased amounts of effector cytokines as early as 4 weeks after birth. Further analysis revealed that the Treg population was specifically affected by Brg deletion. In this mini-review, we will discuss in detail the properties of Tregs controlled by Brg and the potential underlying mechanisms for an unanticipated, specific role of the Brg-containing BAF complex in controlling Treg functions.
Laetiporus zonatus: an addition to edible polypore fungi in Pakistan
Creators: name: Hussain, Shahid
name: Nisar, Mohammad
name: Sher, Hassan
name: Zahoor, Muhammad
name: Nazir, Nausheen
Publisher: name: Italian Journal of Mycology
Year: 2023

description: Laetiporus is a cosmopolitan genus of the "Antrodia clade" in the order Polyporales that causes brown rot in many hardwood trees and some conifers. In the current study, we examined specimens of Laetiporus zonatus collected from Quercus semecarpifolia (Fagaceae) at three different localities in the district Swat, KP, Pakistan. The specimen’s identity was determined through extensive morphoanatomical examination and molecular characterization. For reconstruction of the phylogenetic relationships of the species, the study applied three methods: maximum parsimony (MP), maximum likelihood (ML), and Bayesian analyses to the concatenated dataset (ITS + nrLSU + rpb2). The mean character difference approach was utilized to create a phenetic cladogram through morphometric analysis. Our sample sequence grouped together with Laetiporus zonatus showing significant support values of 87% for MP, 98% for ML and 1.0 for Bayesian analyses. The morphological data matrix showed a high degree of similarity (Bray-curtis similarity = 0.925, Euclidean distance = 3.81) between our specimen and L. zonatus. Our study also provides habitat characteristics and in vitro cultural characteristics of the isolates. Laetiporus zonatus is characterized by yellow pileal surface, become pale buff to creamy when dry and whitish cream pore surface, distinctly zonate, radially furrowed upper surface and undulating white margin, 2-3 pores mm-1, ellipsoid to ovoid basidiospores (5.6–8.7 × 4.2–5.9 μm) with Q value of 1.16-1.55 and is found exclusively on Quercus spp. in temperate forests.
description: Italian Journal of Mycology, Vol. 52 (2023)
Dynamical Gravastars
Creators: name: Adler, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine the ideas of a Weyl scaling invariant dark energy action, which eliminates black hole horizons, with the ``gravastar'' idea of a jump in the hole interior from a normal matter equation of state to an equation of state where pressure plus density approximately sum to zero. Using the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation, which requires continuous pressure, we present Mathematica notebooks in which the structure of the gravastar is entirely governed by the action and the equation of state, with the radii where structural changes occur emerging from the dynamics, rather than being specified in advance. The notebooks work even with zero cosmological constant, but when the cosmological constant is nonzero, there is a very small black hole ``wind'' that we calculate by a relativistic extension of standard pressure driven isothermal stellar wind theory.
description: 25 pages 10 figures. See https://gitlab.com/stephenadler/Gravastar for the Mathematica notebooks. See arXiv:2301.11821 for further graphs. See https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/2820793 for a simplified and annotated notebook
Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in obesity in the United States and Canada
Creators: name: Loopstra, Rachel
name: Brown, Rashida
name: Kawachi, Ichiro
name: Siddiqi, Arjumand
name: Nguyen, Quynh C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: IntroductionPrior cross-national studies of socioeconomic inequalities in obesity have only compared summary indices of inequality but not specific, policy-relevant dimensions of inequality: (a) shape of the socioeconomic gradient in obesity, (b) magnitude of differentials in obesity across socioeconomic levels and, (c) level of obesity at any given socioeconomic level. We use unique data on two highly comparable societies – U.S. and Canada - to contrast each of these inequality dimensions.MethodsData came from the 2002/2003 Joint Canada/U.S. Survey of Health. We calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) for obesity (compared to normal weight) by income quintile and education group separately for both nations and, between Canadians and Americans in the same income or education group.ResultsIn the U.S., every socioeconomic group except the college educated had significant excess prevalence of obesity. By contrast in Canada, only those with less than high school were worse off, suggesting that the shape of the socioeconomic gradient differs in the two countries. U.S. differentials between socioeconomic levels were also larger than in Canada (e.g., PR quintile 1 compared to quintile 5 was 1.82 in the U.S. [95% CI: 1.52-2.19] but 1.45 in Canada [95% CI: 1.10-1.91]). At the lower end of the socioeconomic gradient, obesity was more prevalent in the U.S. than in Canada.ConclusionsOur results suggest there is variation between U.S. and Canada in different dimensions of socioeconomic inequalities in obesity. Future research should examine a broader set of nations and test whether specific policies or environmental exposures can explain these differences.
Additional file 1 of Health literacy and related behaviour among pregnant women with obesity: a qualitative interpretive description study
Creators: name: Meldgaard, Maiken
name: Jensen, Annesofie Lunde
name: Johansen, Amalie Damgaard
name: Maimburg, Rikke Damkjær
name: Maindal, Helle Terkildsen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Interview guide and according HLQ scales.
Understanding the impact of the economic crisis on child health: the case of Spain
Creators: name: Rajmil, Luis
name: Taylor-Robinson, David
name: Spencer, Nick
name: Siddiqi, Arjumand
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: IntroductionThe objectives of the study were to explore the effect of the economic crisis on child health using Spain as a case study, and to document and assess the policies implemented in response to the crisis in this context.MethodsSerial cross-sectional data from Eurostat, the Spanish Health Interview Survey, and the database of childhood hospitalisation were analysed to explore impacts on child health, and key determinants of child health. A content analysis of National data sources/government legislation, and Spanish literature was used to describe policies implemented following the crisis.ResultsUnemployment rates in the general population (8.7% in 2005 and 25.6% in 2013), and children living in unemployed families (5.6% and 13.8%) increased in the study period. The percentage of children living under the poverty line, and income inequalities increased 15–20% from 2005 to 2012. Severe material deprivation rate has worsened in families with Primary Education, while the number of families attending Non-Governmental Organisations has increased. An impact on children’s health at the general population level has not currently been detected; however an impact on general health, mental health and use of healthcare services was found in vulnerable groups. Investment in social protection and public policy for children showed a reduction as part of austerity measures taken by the Spanish governments.ConclusionsDespite the impact on social determinants, a short-term impact on child health has been detected only in specific vulnerable groups. The findings suggest the need to urgently protect vulnerable groups of children from the impact of austerity.
Quantum separability criteria based on realignment moments
Creators: name: Zhang, Tinggui
name: Jing, Naihuan
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum entanglement is the core resource in quantum information processing and quantum computing. It is an significant challenge to effectively characterize the entanglement of quantum states. Recently, elegant separability criterion is presented in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 200501 (2020)] by Elben et al. based on the first three partially transposed (PT) moments of density matrices. Then in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 060504 (2021)] Yu \emph{et al.} proposed two general powerful criteria based on the PT moments. In this paper, based on the realignment operations of matrices we propose entanglement detection criteria in terms of such realignment moments. We show by detailed example that the realignment moments can also be used to identify quantum entanglement.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Impact evaluation of a quality improvement intervention on maternal and child health outcomes in Northern Ghana: early assessment of a national scale-up project
Creators: name: Handa, S.
name: Twum-Danso, N. A. Y.
name: Barker, P. M.
name: Speizer, I.
name: Atinbire, S.
name: Boadu, R. O.
name: Singh, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: To evaluate the influence of the early phase of Project Fives Alive!, a national child survival improvement project, on key maternal and child health outcomes.
AdS5 vacua and holographic RG flows from 5D N=4 gauged supergravity
Creators: name: Karndumri, Parinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study five-dimensional $N=4$ gauged supergravity coupled to five vector multiplets with $SO(2)_D\times SO(3)\times SO(3)$ gauge group. There are four supersymmetric $AdS_5$ vacua in the truncation to $SO(2)_{\textrm{diag}}$ invariant scalars. Two of these vacua preserve the full $N=4$ supersymmetry with $SO(2)_D\times SO(3)\times SO(3)$ and $SO(2)_D\times SO(3)_{\textrm{diag}}$ symmetries. These have an analogue in $N=4$ gauged supergravity with $SO(2)\times SO(3)\times SO(3)$ gauge group. The other two $AdS_5$ vacua preserve only $N=2$ supersymmetry with $SO(2)_{\textrm{diag}}\times SO(3)$ and $SO(2)_{\textrm{diag}}$ symmetry. The former has an analogue in the previous study of $SO(2)_D\times SO(3)$ gauge group while the latter is a genuinely new $N=2$ $AdS_5$ vacuum. These vacua are dual to $N=2$ and $N=1$ superconformal field theories (SCFTs) in four dimensions with different flavour symmetries. We give the full scalar mass spectra at all of the $AdS_5$ critical points which provide information on conformal dimensions of the dual operators. Finally, we study holographic RG flows interpolating between these $AdS_5$ vacua and find a new class of solutions. In addition to the RG flows from the trivial $SO(2)_D\times SO(3)\times SO(3)$ $N=4$ critical point, at the origin of the scalar manifold, to all the other critical points, there is a family of RG flows from the trivial $N=4$ critical point to the new $SO(2)_{\textrm{diag}}$ $N=2$ critical point that pass arbitrarily close to the $SO(2)_D\times SO(3)_{\textrm{diag}}$ $N=4$ critical point.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, typos corrected
Additional file 7 of A neurodegenerative disease landscape of rare mutations in Colombia due to founder effects
Creators: name: Acosta-Uribe, Juliana
name: Aguillón, David
name: Cochran, J. Nicholas
name: Giraldo, Margarita
name: Madrigal, Lucía
name: Killingsworth, Bradley W.
name: Singhal, Rijul
name: Labib, Sarah
name: Alzate, Diana
name: Velilla, Lina
name: Moreno, Sonia
name: García, Gloria P.
name: Saldarriaga, Amanda
name: Piedrahita, Francisco
name: Hincapié, Liliana
name: López, Hugo E.
name: Perumal, Nithesh
name: Morelo, Leonilde
name: Vallejo, Dionis
name: Solano, Juan Marcos
name: Reiman, Eric M.
name: Surace, Ezequiel I.
name: Itzcovich, Tatiana
name: Allegri, Ricardo
name: Sánchez-Valle, Raquel
name: Villegas-Lanau, Andrés
name: White, Charles L.
name: Matallana, Diana
name: Myers, Richard M.
name: Browning, Sharon R.
name: Lopera, Francisco
name: Kosik, Kenneth S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7:. Supplementary methods.
Attachment to God, Images of God, and Psychological Distress in a Nationwide Sample of Presbyterians
Creators: name: Ellison, Christopher G.
name: Marcum, Jack P.
name: Bradshaw, Matt
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Drawing broadly on insights from attachment theory, the present study outlines a series of theoretical arguments linking styles of attachment to God, perceptions of the nature of God (i.e., God imagery), and stressful life events with psychological distress. Main effects and potential stress-moderator effects are then evaluated using data from a nationwide sample of elders and rank-and-file members of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.). Key findings indicate that secure attachment to God is inversely associated with distress, whereas both anxious attachment to God and stressful life events are positively related to distress. Once variations in patterns of attachment to God are controlled, there are no net effects of God imagery on levels of distress. There is only modest support for the hypothesis that God images moderate the effects of stressful life events on psychological distress, but no stress-moderator effects were found for attachment to God. Study limitations are identified, and findings are discussed in terms of their implications for religion-health research, as well as recent extensions of attachment theory.
Additional file 1 of Is it valid to assess an individual’s performance in team training simulation when the supporting team are confederates? A controlled and randomized clinical trial
Creators: name: Traoré, Jérémie
name: Balen, Frédéric
name: Geeraerts, Thomas
name: Charpentier, Sandrine
name: Dubucs, Xavier
name: Houzé-Cerfon, Charles-Henri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: APPENDIX A. SCENARIO ASSESSMENT GRID.
Fuzzy strong $ϕ$-b-normed linear space for fuzzy bounded linear operators
Creators: name: Das, Abhishikta
name: Bag, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, concept of fuzzy continuous operator, fuzzy bounded linear operator are introduced in fuzzy strong $ϕ$-b-normed linear spaces and their relations are studied. Idea of operator fuzzy norm is developed and completeness of BF(X,Y) is established.