cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Molekulare Antagonisierung von minichromosome maintenance Protein 3 bei Glioblastomen
Creators: name: Fengler, Karl Paul Willi
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 611

description: Das Glioblastoma Multiforme gehört zu den prognostisch schlechtesten malignen Hirntumoren beim Menschen überhaupt. Vor dem Hintergrund einer auch unter intensiver multimodaler Therapie meist infausten Prognose erscheint die Weiterentwicklung bestehender Therapieverfahren und die Entwicklung neuer therapeutischer Ansätze, z.B. in Form einer Suppression von Zellzyklus-assoziierten Genen, vordringlich. Ein potentielles Ziel für eine solche Suppression stellt bei Glioblastomen das an der DNA-Replikation beteiligte minichromosome maintenance Protein 3 (MCM3) dar. Zielstellung: Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war, in vitro das therapeutische Potenzial einer Suppression von minichromosome maintenance Protein 3 in humanen Glioblastomzellen zu prüfen, dazu wurden Einflüsse einer MCM3-Suppression auf Zellmorphologie, Zellproliferation und Zelltod untersucht. Methoden: Mithilfe von short-interfering-RNAs wurde durch RNA-Interferenz MCM3 in humanen U87MG und U251 Glioblastomzellen supprimiert. Die Auswertung erfolgte durch Zellmikroskopie, Immunoblot-Verfahren und Methyltetrazolium-Test. Ergebnisse: Durch RNA-Interferenz wurde im Immunoblot eine MCM3-Suppression von über 90% des Ausgangswertes erreicht. Lichtmikroskopisch ließen sich morphologische Veränderungen der MCM3-supprimierten Zellen nachweisen. Im MTT-Test konnte für diese Zellen eine verringerte Wachstumsgeschwindigkeit nachgewiesen werden. Schlussfolgerungen: Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine Suppression von MCM3 in humanen Glioblastomzellen eine Verringerte Proliferationsgeschwindigkeit und eine Veränderung des lichtmikroskopischen Erscheinungsbildes der Zellen zur Folge hat.
Physiological basis of growth-performance trade-offs : insights from different strains of rainbow trout
Creators: name: Allen, David William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Growth rate is a fundamental life history trait common to all taxa. Despite its importance, the underlying physiological mechanisms and constraints associated with growth remain poorly understood. The purpose of my research was to explore the physiological correlates and trade-offs associated with high growth. I examined a suite of physiological variables related to growth including metabolic rate, digestive capacity, and tissue energy content. Three strains of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were chosen based on known differences in ecology and growth. Fish from each strain were assigned to one of three food ration treatments: (i) satiation over eight hours every day, (ii) fed 1% of body mass over eight hours every day, and (iii) complete deprivation of food. A wide range of growth rates were observed within and across all strains. I found that fast growing rainbow trout (hatchery strain) had higher standard metabolic rates and lower maximum metabolic rates and aerobic scopes, suggesting that high growth rate results in a reduced capacity to do metabolic work. I also found that trout with high growth rates, generally, had larger gastrointestinal tracts, higher maximum food consumption rate, and higher growth efficiency. Lipid content and water content had opposing correlations with growth rate; larger individuals with higher growth rates had a higher body lipid content, while water content was highest amongst smaller individuals. I show that there is a suite of physiological traits that correlate with growth rate, that these traits are affected by both genotype (strain) and environment (food ration), and that these traits appear to be consistently traded off against other correlates of performance.
On stringy cohomology spaces
Creators: name: Borisov, Lev A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J33, 32S60, 17B69

description: We modify the definition of the families of $A$ and $B$ stringy cohomology spaces associated to a pair of dual reflexive Gorenstein cones. The new spaces have the same dimension as the ones defined in the joint paper with Mavlyutov \cite{BM}, but they admit natural flat connections with respect to the appropriate parameters. This solves a longstanding question of relating GKZ hypergeometric system to stringy cohomology. We construct products on these spaces by vertex algebra techniques. In the process, we fix a minor gap in \cite{BM} and prove a statement on intersection cohomology of dual cones that may be of independent interest.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX
Charakterisierung homingrelevanter Eigenschaften adulter hämatopoetischer Blutstammzellen
Creators: name: Abendroth, Jens
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 611

description: Die Transplantation hämatopoetischer Stammzellen ist ein seit nahezu zwei Jahrzehnten etabliertes Behandlungsverfahren in der Therapie hämatologischer und onkologischer Neoplasien: neben der Fremdspenderstammzelltransplantation kommt auch der Reinfusion autologer hämatopoetischer Stammzellen nach hochdosierter Chemotherapie klinische große Bedeutung zu. Überwiegend handelt es sich dabei um peripher gewonnene hämatopoetische Stammzellen nach Stimulation mit Granulozyten stimulierendem Wachstumsfaktor (G-CSF). Die kryokonservierten Zellen werden nach Abschluss der Chemotherapie intravenös verabreicht, repopulieren das Knochenmark und sind nach ca. 2 Wochen in der Lage, eine ausreichende Zahl von Thrombozyten und Granulozyten im peripheren Blut zu gewährleisten. Der Prozess der "Wiedererkennung" und Ansiedlung dieser Stammzellen im Stroma des Knochenmarks wird als "Homing" bezeichnet. Während die Charakterisierung der pluripotenten Vorläuferzellen der Hämatopoese über Bestimmung des Cluster of Differentiation 34 – Antigens (CD34) klinisch routinemäßig erfolgt, sind die Antigenstrukturen dieser Zellen bezüglich Engraftment, Proliferation und Differenzierung im Zusammenhang mit dem Homing - Phänomen bislang wenig untersucht. In der vorgelegten Arbeit wurden bei 32 Patienten mit hämatologischen und onkologischen Erkrankungen Blutstammzellapheresate der klinischen Routine mittels fluoreszenzaktiviertem Zellsorting untersucht. Diese Antigenstrukturen haben dabei nicht nur eine funktionale Bedeutung sondern spiegeln auch einen Entwicklungszustand der Zelle wider. Wir fanden bei 62 % der untersuchten Proben eine Expression des Rezeptors für den Stem Cell Factor, bei nur 44 % die Expression des Rezeptors für den Stromal Cell Derived Factor und bei 48 % eine Expression des CD133. Wir sehen in der Variabilität des Nachweises dieser Antigenstrukturen eine Bedeutung für den Homingprozess; möglicherweise kann der Nachweis einzelner Marker als prognostisch relevantes Kriterium für den Erfolg der Stammzellretransfusion herangezogen werden.
A survey of the parameter space of the compressible liquid drop model as applied to the neutron star inner crust
Creators: name: Newton, W. G.
name: Gearheart, M.
name: Li, Bao-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic survey the range of predictions of the neutron star inner crust composition, crust-core transition densities and pressures, and density range of the nuclear `pasta' phases at the bottom of the crust provided by the compressible liquid drop model in the light of current experimental and theoretical constraints on model parameters. Using a Skyrme-like model for nuclear matter, we construct baseline sequences of crust models by consistently varying the density dependence of the bulk symmetry energy at nuclear saturation density, $L$, under two conditions: (i) that the magnitude of the symmetry energy at saturation density $J$ is held constant, and (ii) $J$ correlates with $L$ under the constraint that the pure neutron matter (PNM) EoS satisfies the results of ab-initio calculations at low densities. Such baseline crust models facilitate consistent exploration of the $L$ dependence of crustal properties. The remaining surface energy and symmetric nuclear matter parameters are systematically varied around the baseline, and different functional forms of the PNM EoS at sub-saturation densities implemented, to estimate theoretical `error bars' for the baseline predictions. Inner crust composition and transition densities are shown to be most sensitive to the surface energy at very low proton fractions and to the behavior of the sub-saturation PNM EoS. Recent calculations of the energies of neutron drops suggest that the low-proton-fraction surface energy might be higher than predicted in Skyrme-like models, which our study suggests may result in a greatly reduced volume of pasta in the crust than conventionally predicted.
description: 37 Pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Le transculturel romanesque africain contemporain
Creators: name: Fotsing Fondjo, Luc
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: My thesis examines the concept of the transcultural in the contemporary African novel, specifically in Le Cavalier et son ombre (1997) by Boubacar Boris Diop, Cinéma (1997) by Tiermo Monénembo, Le lys et le flamboyant (1997) by Henri Lopes and Rue Félix-Faure (2005) by Ken Bugul. I define the transcultural as the diverse novelistic operations of appropriation or re-appropriation, interpretation or reinterpretation, as well as the borrowing of cultural signs from many different places. The transcultural thus elucidates the way in which the contemporary African novel positions itself within a conceptual space of buzzing cultural activity. Yet critics often insist on the difference and identity of African fiction and consign it to a unique status that can only amount to exclusion and discrimination. I use critical concepts such as Marc Angenot’s acceptability, Jean-Marc Ela’s bricolage and indocility, Giorgio Agamben’s exception, and Greimas and Meschonnic’s sign to emphasize the transgressive value of the transcultural option adopted by the novels studied. Thus, the novel appears as the locus of multiple crossings: the crossing of micro-narratives that proclaim the end of master narratives; the crossing of genres and of art forms (orality, music, cinema, sculpture, photography); the crossing of discourses. The transcultural seizes the novel and perverts it, turning it into a disparate mixture, because the novel itself is by nature unstable and irresolute. I conclude that the contemporary African novel, while having its frames of reference, nevertheless escapes all attempts at fixing its identity and definition because it is a framework in which generic, cultural, geographic and spatial frontiers break down and cease to present any clear configuration. The contemporary African novel increasingly constitutes itself in the fluctuating interstices of space and of literary and artistic genres, all of which writers continue to appropriate and re-appropriate.
Tetrahedron Equation and Quantum R Matrices for Spin Representations of B^{(1)}_n, D^{(1)}_n and D^{(2)}_{n+1}
Creators: name: Kuniba, Atsuo
name: Sergeev, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G42, 81R12

description: It is known that a solution of the tetrahedron equation generates infinitely many solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation via suitable reductions. In this paper this scheme is applied to an oscillator solution of the tetrahedron equation involving bosons and fermions by using special 3d boundary conditions. The resulting solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation are identified with the quantum R matrices for the spin representations of B^{(1)}_n, D^{(1)}_n and D^{(2)}_{n+1}.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, minor misprint corrected
Development and biopharmaceutical evaluation of microemulsions for targeted delivery of ceramides and other Stratum Corneum lipids into the Stratum Corneum
Creators: name: Sahle, Fitsum Feleke
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 615

description: Verschiedene Hautkrankheiten wie atopische Dermatitis, Psoriasis und lamellärer Ichthyose sind mit Erschöpfung oder Störung von einigen Stratum corneum (SC) Lipiden wie den Ceramiden assoziiert. Deshalb soll der Einbau wesentlicher SC-Lipide in die Lipidlamellen des SC helfen, die Barrierefunktion der betroffenen/erkrankten und gealterten Haut wieder herzustellen. Um dies zu erreichen wurden auf Basis von Polyglycerinfettsäureester-Tensiden und Lecithin stabile Mikroemulsionen (MEen) mit SC-Lipiden hergestellt und systematisch charakterisiert. Die Toxizität der MEen wurde mittels HET-CAM Test ermittelt und keine ME zeigte ein Irritationspotenzial. Die Freisetzung von der SC-Lipide aus den MEen wurde in-vitro mit einem Mehr-Schicht-Membran-Modell untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die SC-Lipide sehr gut aus den MEen freigesetzt werden. Die Geschwindigkeit und das Ausmaß der Permeation der SC-Lipide in die menschliche Haut wurde ex vivo mit der Franz Diffusionszelle untersucht. Die Permeationsergebnisse zeigten, dass durch den Einschluss in MEen die Penetration der SC-Lipide, am Beispiel der Ceramids NP in das SC und in die anderen Schichten der Haut sehr stark erhöht wird. Jedoch minimiert die Bildung von ME-Gelen die Penetrationstiefe der Lipide.
Behavioral research and empirical modeling of marketing channels: Implications for both fields and a call for future research
Creators: name: Meyer, Robert J
name: Vosgerau, Joachim
name: Singh, Vishal
name: Urbany, Joel E
name: Zauberman, Gal
name: Norton, Michael I
name: Cui, Tony H
name: Ratchford, Brian T
name: Acquisti, Alessandro
name: Kahn, Barbara E
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150201 Finance
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150506 Marketing Theory
subject: Organizational Behavioral Psychology

description: Game theoretic models of marketing channels typically rely on simplifying assumptions that, from a behavioral perspective, often appear naïve. However, behavioral researchers have produced such an abundance of behavioral regularities that they are impossible to incorporate into game theoretic models. We believe that a focus on three core findings would benefit both fields; these are: first, beliefs that are held by the various players regarding profit consequences of different actions are incomplete and often biased; second, players' preferences and optimization objectives are not commonly known; and third, players have insufficient cognitive abilities to achieve optimization objectives. Embracing these three findings shifts the focus from rational decision making to how decision makers learn to improve their decision-making skills. Concluding, we believe that greater convergence of game theoretic modeling and behavioral research in marketing channels would lead to new insights for both fields.
Primary Spaces, Mackey's Obstruction, and the Generalized Barycentric Decomposition
Creators: name: Iglesias-Zemmour, Patrick
name: Ziegler, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D20, 57T10, 22D10

description: We call a hamiltonian N-space \emph{primary} if its moment map is onto a single coadjoint orbit. The question has long been open whether such spaces always split as (homogeneous) x (trivial), as an analogy with representation theory might suggest. For instance, Souriau's \emph{barycentric decomposition theorem} asserts just this when N is a Heisenberg group. For general N, we give explicit examples which do not split, and show instead that primary spaces are always flat bundles over the coadjoint orbit. This provides the missing piece for a full "Mackey theory" of hamiltonian G-spaces, where G is an overgroup in which N is normal.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure. Final preprint version, to appear in Journal of Symplectic Geometry
In vitro lipolysis assay as a prognostic tool for the development of lipid based drug delivery systems
Creators: name: Klein, Sandra
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Arzneimittelentwicklung
subject: Schwerlöslicher Stoff
subject: Solubilisation
subject: Lipolyse
subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 615

description: Lipidformulierungen sind in der Lage die orale Bioverfügbarkeit von schlecht wasserlöslichen Wirkstoffen zu verbessern. Um eine rationalere Entwicklung von biorobusten Formulierungen zu ermöglichen, wurden in vitro Tests entwickelt, die die Auswirkung von Verdünnungs- und Verdauungsprozessen auf deren Solubilisierungskapazität vorhersagen können. Im Rahmen der Arbeit wurden hierfür Lipidformulierungen unterschiedlicher Polarität hergestellt und mit Probucol beladen. Bei Systemen, die auf mittelkettigen Glyzeriden basierten, führten verdauungsinduzierte Veränderungen in der Lipidzusammensetzung zur Präzipitation des Wirkstoffes. Formulierungen, die auf langkettigen Glyzeriden basierten, zeigten eine geringere Anfälligkeit gegenüber verdauungsinduzierten Veränderungen der Solubilisierungskapazität. Auch nichtionische Tenside wurden durch Pankreasenzyme hydrolysiert. Dabei beeinflusste das Ausmaß der Verdauung deren Lösungsvermögen. Die entwickelten in vitro Tests zur Simulation gastrischer und duodenaler Verdauungsprozesse tragen zu einem besseren Verständnis des Schicksals einer Lipidformulierung bei.
description: Lipid based drug delivery systems represent a promising formulation strategy to improve the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. In order to rationalise formulation development predictive in vitro tests that mimic the fate of a lipid formulation upon dispersion in the gastrointestinal tract have been developed. A wide spectrum of formulations with different polarity were developed and loaded with Probucol. It was demonstrated that systems based on middle chain glycerides were highly susceptible to pancreatin-mediated digestion leading to strong loss of solubilisation capacity. Formulations based on long chain glycerides with a higher susceptibility towards lipolysis were correlated with a better ability to maintain Probucol in a solubilised state. Moreover, it was shown that non-ionic surfactants were degraded by pancreatic enzymes. The extent of surfactant digestion has an impact on the solubilisation capacity. These in vitro tests, simulating gastric and intestinal lipolysis, contribute to a deeper understanding of the performance of lipid-based formulations upon exposure with the gastrointestinal environment.
Cooperative oligopoly games with boundedly rational firms
Creators: name: Lekeas, Paraskevas V.
name: Stamatopoulos, Giorgos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We analyze cooperative Cournot games with boundedly rational firms. Due to cogni- tive constraints, the members of a coalition cannot accurately predict the coalitional structure of the non-members. Thus, they compute their value using simple heuris- tics. In particular, they assign various non-equilibrium probability distributions over the outsiders' set of partitions. We construct the characteristic function of a coalition in such an environment and we analyze the core of the corresponding games. We show that the core is non-empty provided the number of firms in the market is sufficiently large. Moreover, we show that if two distributions over the set of partitions are related via first-order dominance, then the core of the game under the dominated distribution is a subset of the core under the dominant distribution.
description: Draft version of the published ANOR paper, Annals of Operations Research, May 2014
The social organization of maternity care and birth in Amuru sub-county, northern Uganda
Creators: name: Rudrum, Sarah Elizabeth Ellen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: High maternal mortality rates throughout sub-Saharan Africa attest to the critical importance of comprehending barriers to health care during pregnancy and birth. This study examines how maternity care and birth are socially organized in Amuru sub-county, northern Uganda, a rural setting recovering from two decades of conflict. To conduct this study, I spent seven months undertaking fieldwork in Amuru, northern Uganda. In addition to observations, I interviewed and held focus groups with childbearing women, and in a second study stage spoke with health care providers and health care administrators. My research methods draw from institutional ethnography. The challenging context for maternity care and childbirth in Amuru was exacerbated by poor infrastructure and ongoing social distress in the aftermath of the protracted conflict between the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) and government forces that ended in 2006. Findings drawn from the data illustrated that approaches to care and birth among participants were shaped by everyday challenges associated with poverty and lack of infrastructure, the most prominent of which were accessing transportation, avoiding arduous physical work while pregnant, and ensuring adequate nutrition. Couples’ HIV testing, which was positioned as compulsory and wherein women were responsible for husbands’ participation, also challenged participants access to antenatal and delivery care. Childbearing women’s approaches to maternity care were also shaped by the mama kit project (distribution of a non-profit ‘gift’ of baby-care basics to mothers), and its associated discourses of deservingness, scarcity, and uncertainty. Imbued with power, all these factors affected access to care. This dissertation contributes to scholarship on the social constitution of maternity care and childbirth in northern Uganda.
Virtual screening and binding free energy calculations of sirtuin inhibitors
Creators: name: Uciechowska, Urszula Sylwia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: Sirtuine
subject: Arzneimitteldesign
subject: Enzyminhibitor
subject: 615

description: Histon-Desacetylasen (Sirtuine) sind Enzyme, die die Desacetylierung N-acetylierter Lysine in Histon- und Nicht-HistonproteinenNAD+ -abhängig katalysieren. SIRT2-Proteine sind sowohl in Bakterien, als auchim Menschen hochkonserviert und katalysieren die Desacetylierung von Substraten, wie α-Tubulin, myoD, p53 und FOXO. Ein derartiges Substratspektrum weist auf eine zentrale Rolle bei zahlreichen biologischen Prozessen, wie DNA-Reparatur und Rekombination, Langlebigkeit, sowie Genstilllegung, hin. Um die Bedeutung und Funktion humaner Sir2-Enzyme zukünftig besser untersuchen und verstehen zu können, werden potente und subtypselektive Hemmstoffe benötigt. Das Hauptaugenmerk dieser Arbeit lag vor allem darauf, einen Einblick in das Bindungsverhalten von Hemmstoffen des humanen SIRT2-Proteins auf molekularer Ebene zu erhalten und neuartige Verbindungen für eine Abschätzung des therapeutischen Potentials von Sirtuininhibitoren zu identifizieren. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit wurden Derivate des β –Phenylsplitomicins als neuartige potente Inhibitoren des humanen SIRT2 identifiziert. In Dockingstudien konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Orientierung des β -Phenylsubstituenten für die Aktivität der Verbindungen wichtig ist. In der C-Bindungstasche lokalisierte Kristallwassermoleküle waren in der Lage die Dockingergebnisse signifikant zu verbessern und wichtig für das Verständnis der Aktivitätsunterschiede zwischen R- und S-Enantiomeren. Durch Moleküldynamiksimulationen konnte die Stabilität dieser Verbindungen in der Nicotinamidtasche des humanen SIRT2 gezeigt werden. Anschließend wurden mittels des MM-PBSA-Verfahrens freie Bindungsenergien berechnet und mit den experimentellen Daten verglichen. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wurden Thiobarbiturate als weitere neuartige Hemmstoffklasse des humanen SIRT2 identifiziert. Virtuelles Screening, Docking und die Berechnung freier Bindungsenergien wurden hier benutzt um sowohl den Bindungsmodus, als auch die Aktivitäten verschiedener Thiobarbiturate vorherzusagen. Mittels des MM-PBSA-Verfahrens konnten die experimentellen Daten mit einem Korrelationskoeffizienten von r2=0.78 reproduziert werden. Ein nach der LIE-Methode erstelltes Modell zeigte einen Korrelationskoeffizienten von r2=0.58. Beide Methoden waren in der Lage diejenigen Verbindungen mit der höchsten biologischen Aktivität wiederzufinden und dienten so als Validierungsverfahren für eine Kombination aus Docking, Moleküldynamiksimulationen und der Berechnung freier Bindungsenergie im Rahmen des strukturbasierten Wirkstoffdesigns.
Therapeutisches Drug Monitoring (TDM) von Meropenem mittels Dried Blood Spots (DBS) auf der Intensivstation
Creators: name: Monastyrski, Daniel
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Meropenem
subject: Arzneimittelüberwachung
subject: Intensivmedizin
subject: 615.10724

description: Therapeutisches Drug Monitoring (TDM) von Meropenem auf Intensivstationen ist empfehlenswert, um den gewünschten therapeutischen Effekt zu erzielen und Über- oder Unterdosierungen und somit Resistenzentwicklung zu vermeiden. Problematisch für Kliniken ohne entsprechendes Laborequipment ist die chemische Instabilität von Meropenem, die ein Versenden der Patientenproben auf Trockeneis notwendig macht. Messungen in Dried Blot Spots (DBS) haben den Vorteil leichter Probengewinnung und Versendung bei Raumtemperatur. Unser Ziel war es deshalb, den praktikablen Einsatz von DBS für die Messanalytik von Meropenem zu untersuchen. Es wurde ein LC-MS/MS Messverfahren für Meropenem in DBS entwickelt und validiert. Besonderes Augenmerk lag auf den Stabilitätsmessungen und der klinischen Anwendung. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden weiterhin DBS von 33 kritisch kranken Patienten der Intensivstation der Universitätsklinik Magdeburg zusätzlich zur routinemäßigen Bestimmung von Meropenem aus Plasma untersucht. Die Ergebnisse der beiden Messmethoden wurden mittels Intra-Klassen- Korrelation (ICC) für absolute Übereinstimmung miteinander verglichen. Meropenem lässt sich mit guter Präzision (relative Standardabweichung <11,6 % bei 1 µg/ml) und Richtigkeit (Abweichung vom Sollwert: 1,78 % bei 1 µg/ml) aus DBS quantifizieren. Die Intra- Klassen-Korrelation zwischen aus DBS errechnetem Plasmaspiegel und dem gemessenen Plasmaspiegel von Meropenem ergab einen ICC von 0,985. Der Bland-Altman-Plot zeigte ein vernachlässigbares Bias mit akzeptablen Limits of Agreement. Die Stabilität von Meropenem in DBS ist hoch; bei Raumtemperatur zerfallen < 15 % Meropenem in 24 h. Nach drei Tagen sind noch mehr als 80 % nachweisbar. Die Bestimmung von Meropenem aus DBS ist eine geeignete Alternative zur Messung von Plasmaspiegeln im Rahmen des Routine -TDM. Aus den DBS Ergebnissen lassen sich Plasmaspiegel mit guter Richtigkeit reproduzieren. Aufgrund der wesentlich verbesserten Haltbarkeit von Meropenem in DBS im Vergleich zu Plasma, ist ein einfacher und kostengünstiger Versand von den Kliniken zum Labor möglich.
Eine strukturelle Quantifizierung des Locus coeruleus und der Substantia nigra pars compacta im idiopathischen Parkinsonsyndrom mittels neuromelaninsensitiver Magnetresonanztomographie
Creators: name: Pape, Johanna
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Parkinson-Krankheit
subject: Locus coeruleus
subject: Substantia nigra
subject: Kernspintomografie
subject: 616.833

description: Die folgende Arbeit zielt auf eine Analyse der quantitativen Effekte einer Neuromelaninakkumulation in Neurodegeneration und Alter sowie auf die Rolle des Locus coeruleus (LC) im idiopathischen Parkinsonsyndrom (IPS). Hierzu wurden Volumen und Signalintensitätskontraste des Locus Coeruleus und der Substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) mittels neuromelaninsensitiver T1-gewichteter MRT (FLASH) und Magnetisierungstransferbildgebung (MTR, MTC) erfasst. Eingeschlossen wurden 22 Parkinsonpatient*innen, 22 Kontrollproband*innen (in Alter und Geschlecht gematcht) und 25 jüngere, gesunde Proband*innen (im Alter von 22 bis 30 Jahren). Ergänzend wurden das Krankheitsstadium und klinische Korrelate (motorische Tests, Neuropsychologie und Fragebögen) erhoben. In der quantitativ-vergleichenden Analyse von Volumen und Signalintensitätskontrast der zu untersuchenden Hirnregionen zeigte sich in der FLASH-Sequenz eine hochsignifikante Volumenminderung im LC beider Hemisphären in der Parkinsongruppe gegenüber der gematchten Kontrollgruppe und jüngeren Gruppe. Die Signifikanz der Minderung des LC-Volumens wurde in der anschließend durchgeführten Effektgrößenkalkulation und ROC-Analyse bekräftigt. Eine altersabhängige Veränderung des Signalintensitätskontrastes zeigte sich im rostralen Anteil des LC. In der SNc wurde sowohl eine altersabhängige Steigerung des Signalintensitätskontrastes als auch eine Abnahme des Signalintensitätskontrastes bei Vorliegen eines IPS dokumentiert. Zudem korrelierten motorische und nicht-motorische Tests mit Volumen und Signalintensitätskontrast der SNc. Ein nicht-motorischer Test korrelierte mit dem Signalintensitätskontrast des linkshemisphärischen LC. Die Volumenminderung des LC unterstreicht dessen Rolle in der Pathogenese des IPS und seine Bedeutung als potenzieller Frühmarker in der klinisch-bildgebenden Diagnostik. Weitere differenzierte Analysen der LC-Integrität bieten sich zur weiterführenden Korrelation struktureller Änderungen des LC im Krankheitsprozess an.
Wolfram Mathematica Notebook for the paper "Finite-time stability of polyhedral sweeping processes with application to elastoplastic systems"
Creators: name: Gudoshnikov, Ivan
name: Makarenkov, Oleg
name: Rachinskiy, Dmitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: sweeping process
finite-time stability
elastoplastic system

description: Wolfram Mathematica Notebook the authors used for algebraic computations in the paper "Finite-time stability of polyhedral sweeping processes with application to elastoplastic systems".
description: The arXiv preprint of the paper "Finite-time stability of polyhedral sweeping processes with application to elastoplastic systems" for which Mathematica Notebook is being uploaded is available at https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.07744.
Einfluss der Herzunterstützungssysteme Impella und IABP auf den klinischen Verlauf bei Patienten mit kardiogenem Schock
Creators: name: Dernick, Greta
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Kardiogener Schock
subject: Ballonpulsation
subject: 616.12028

description: In dieser Dissertation wurde retrospektiv der Verlauf von Patienten im kardiogenen Schock am Uniklinikum Magdeburg verglichen, welche in den Jahren 2008-2019 entweder eine IABP oder eine Impella im Herzkatheterlabor zur Kreislaufunterstützung eingesetzt bekamen. Das Hauptaugenmerk galt den klinischen Komplikationen und der 14-Tage-Letalität. Zur besseren Vergleichbarkeit der Gruppen wurde ein Propensity-Score-Matching nach dem SAPS II durchgeführt. Die Annahme, dass die Impella im Vergleich zur IABP keine signifikante Verbesserung der Letalität erzielen kann, bestätigte sich. Es zeigte sich sogar, dass die Letalität der Patienten mit Impella in dieser Studie tendenziell etwas höher ist als bei der IABP. Weiterhin wurden einflussnehmende Faktoren auf die 14-Tage-Letalität untersucht.
Computational study of the mechanism of Bcl-2 apoptotic switch
Creators: name: Tokár, Tomáš
name: Uličný, Jozef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Programmed cell death - apoptosis is one of the most studied biological phenomenon of recent years. Apoptotic regulatory network contains several significant control points, including probably the most important one - Bcl--2 apoptotic switch. There are two proposed hypotheses regarding its internal working - the indirect activation and direct activation models. Since these hypotheses form extreme poles of full continuum of intermediate models, we have constructed more general model with these two models as extreme cases. By studying relationship between model parameters and steady-state response ultrasensitivity we have found optimal interaction pattern which reproduces behavior of Bcl-2 apoptotic switch. Our results show, that stimulus-response ultrasensitivity is negatively related to spontaneous activation of Bcl-2 effectors - subgroup of Bcl-2 proteins. We found that ultrasensitivity requires effector's activation, mediated by another subgroup of Bcl-2 proteins - activators. We have shown that the auto-activation of effectors forms ultrasensitivity enhancing feedback loop, only if mediated by monomers, but not by oligomers. Robustness analysis revealed that interaction pattern proposed by direct activation hypothesis is able to conserve stimulus-response dependence and preserve ultrasensitivity despite large changes of its internal parameters. This ability is strongly reduced as for the intermediate to indirect side of the models. Computer simulation of the more general model presented here suggest, that stimulus-response ultrasensitivity is an emergent property of the direct activation model, that cannot originate within model of indirect activation. Introduction of indirect-model-specific interactions does not provide better explanation of Bcl-2 functioning compared to direct model.
Quantum Computation of Scattering in Scalar Quantum Field Theories
Creators: name: Jordan, Stephen P.
name: Lee, Keith S. M.
name: Preskill, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum field theory provides the framework for the most fundamental physical theories to be confirmed experimentally and has enabled predictions of unprecedented precision. However, calculations of physical observables often require great computational complexity and can generally be performed only when the interaction strength is weak. A full understanding of the foundations and rich consequences of quantum field theory remains an outstanding challenge. We develop a quantum algorithm to compute relativistic scattering amplitudes in massive phi-fourth theory in spacetime of four and fewer dimensions. The algorithm runs in a time that is polynomial in the number of particles, their energy, and the desired precision, and applies at both weak and strong coupling. Thus, it offers exponential speedup over existing classical methods at high precision or strong coupling.
description: Journal Version. Expansion of arXiv:1111.3633 with additional material
Some word maps that are non-surjective on infinitely many finite simple groups
Creators: name: Jambor, Sebastian
name: Liebeck, Martin W.
name: O'Brien, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide the first examples of words in the free group of rank 2 which are not proper powers and for which the corresponding word maps are non-surjective on an infinite family of finite non-abelian simple groups.
description: Mildly revised version to appear in Bull. London Math. Soc
Investigation of Kepler Objects of Interest Stellar Parameters from Observed Transit Durations
Creators: name: Plavchan, Peter
name: Bilinski, Christopher
name: Currie, Thayne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kepler mission discovery of candidate transiting exoplanets (KOIs) enables a plethora of ensemble analysis of the architecture and properties of exoplanetary systems. We compare the observed transit durations of KOIs to a synthetic distribution generated from the known eccentricities of radial velocity (RV) discovered exoplanets. We find that the Kepler and RV distributions differ at a statistically significant level. We identify three related systematic trends that are likely due to errors in stellar radii, which in turn affect the inferred exoplanet radii and the distribution thereof, and prevent a valid analysis of the underlying ensemble eccentricity distribution. First, 15% of KOIs have transit durations >20% longer than the transit duration expected for an edge-on circular orbit, including 92 KOIs with transit durations >50% longer, when only a handful of such systems are expected. Second, the median transit duration is too long by up to ~25%. Random errors of <50% in the stellar radius are not adequate to account for these two trends, and they are present for all spectral types in the Kepler sample. We identify that incorrect estimates of stellar metallicity and extinction could account for these anomalies, rather than astrophysical effects such as eccentric exoplanets improbably transiting near apastron. Third, we find that the median transit duration is correlated with stellar radius, when no such trend is expected. All three effects are still present, although less pronounced, when considering only multiple transiting KOI systems which are thought to have a low false positive rate. Improved stellar parameters for KOIs are necessary for the validity of future ensemble tests of exoplanetary systems found by Kepler.
description: PASP, in press
Classical Euclidean wormhole solutions in Palatini $f(\tilde{R})$ cosmology
Creators: name: Darabi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the classical Euclidean wormholes in the context of extended theories of gravity. With no loss of generality, we use the dynamical equivalence between $f(\tilde{R})$ gravity and scalar-tensor theories to construct a point-like Lagrangian in the flat FRW space time. We first show the dynamical equivalence between Palatini $f(\tilde{R})$ gravity and the Brans-Dicke theory with self-interacting potential, and then show the dynamical equivalence between the Brans-Dicke theory with self-interacting potential and the minimally coupled O'Hanlon theory. We show the existence of new Euclidean wormhole solutions for this O'Hanlon theory and, for an special case, find out the corresponding form of $f(\tilde{R})$ having wormhole solution. For small values of the Ricci scalar, this $f(\tilde{R})$ is in agreement with the wormhole solution obtained for higher order gravity theory $\tilde{R}+ε\tilde{R}^2,ε<0$.
description: 11 pages
Epidemiologie von Krebserkrankungen in Subsahara Afrika : populations-basierte Daten zu Inzidenz, Versorgung und Überleben mit Fokus auf das Prostatakarzinom
Creators: name: Seraphin, Tobias Paul
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: In fast ganz Subsahara Afrikas lösen Krebserkrankungen zunehmend Infektionserkrankungen als Haupttodesursache ab. In Zusammenarbeit mit dem „African Cancer Registry Network“ liefert diese Arbeit einen populations-basierten Einblick in die Versorgungssituation von Krebspatient*innen in Subsahara Afrika. In drei Studien mit Bezug zum Prostata-Karzinom wurden die diagnostische Aufarbeitung, therapeutische Versorgung und das Überleben von Patienten analysiert, zeitliche Veränderungen der Inzidenz beleuchtet und Schätzungen des relativen Überlebens erstellt. Zwei Beobachtungsstudien zu Non-Hodgkin-Lymphom und Zervixkarzinom wurden vergleichend hinzugezogen. Es zeigt sich eine Zunahme der Häufigkeit des Prostatakarzinoms, eine erschwerte und häufig unzureichende Versorgung von Krebspatient*innen und kurze Überlebenszeiten. Die Ergebnisse schaffen mögliche Datengrundlagen für gesundheitspolitische Entscheidungen und für die Verbesserung von an die lokalen Gegebenheiten angepassten Leitlinien.
description: Cancer is increasingly replacing infectious diseases as the leading cause of death in most of sub-Saharan Africa. In collaboration with the “African Cancer Registry Network”, this work provides a population-based insight into the care situation of cancer patients in sub-Saharan Africa. Three studies related to prostate cancer analyzed diagnostic workup, therapeutic care, and patient survival, explored temporal changes in incidence, and generated estimates of relative survival. Two observational studies of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and cervical carcinoma were included for comparison. An increase in the incidence of prostate cancer, difficult and often inadequate care for cancer patients, and short survival times were found. The results provide a possible data basis for health policy decisions and for the improvement of guidelines adapted to local conditions.
Open Gromov-Witten invariants and mirror maps for semi-Fano toric manifolds
Creators: name: Chan, Kwokwai
name: Lau, Siu-Cheong
name: Leung, Naichung Conan
name: Tseng, Hsian-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that for a compact toric manifold whose anti-canonical divisor is numerically effective, the Lagrangian Floer superpotential defined by Fukaya-Oh-Ohto-Ono is equal to the superpotential written down by using the toric mirror map under a convergence assumption. This gives a method to compute open Gromov-Witten invariants using mirror symmetry.
description: v3: 32 pages, 1 figure. Dedicated to Prof. K. Saito on the occasion of his 75th birthday
Attractive regular stochastic chains: perfect simulation and phase transition
Creators: name: Gallo, Sandro
name: Takahashi, Daniel Yasumasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G10 (Primary) 60G99 (Secondary)

description: We prove that uniqueness of the stationary chain, or equivalently, of the $g$-measure, compatible with an attractive regular probability kernel is equivalent to either one of the following two assertions for this chain: (1) it is a finitary coding of an i.i.d. process with countable alphabet, (2) the concentration of measure holds at exponential rate. We show in particular that if a stationary chain is uniquely defined by a kernel that is continuous and attractive, then this chain can be sampled using a coupling-from-the-past algorithm. For the original Bramson-Kalikow model we further prove that there exists a unique compatible chain if and only if the chain is a finitary coding of a finite alphabet i.i.d. process. Finally, we obtain some partial results on conditions for phase transition for general chains of infinite order.
description: 22 pages, 1 pseudo-algorithm, 1 figure. Minor changes in the presentation. Lemma 6 has been removed
Spectroscopic parameters for silacyclopropynylidene, SiC$_2$, from extensive astronomical observations toward CW Leo (IRC +10216) with the Herschel satellite
Creators: name: Müller, H. S. P.
name: Cernicharo, J.
name: Agúndez, M.
name: Decin, L.
name: Encrenaz, P.
name: Pearson, J. C.
name: Teyssier, D.
name: Waters, L. B. F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A molecular line survey has been carried out toward the carbon-rich asymptotic giant branch star CW Leo employing the HIFI instrument on board of the Herschel satellite. Numerous features from 480 GHz to beyond 1100 GHz could be assigned unambiguously to the fairly floppy SiC$_2$ molecule. However, predictions from laboratory data exhibited large deviations from the observed frequencies even after some lower frequency data from this survey were incorporated into a fit. Therefore, we present a combined fit of all available laboratory data together with data from radio-astronomical observations.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, J. Mol. Spectrosc., appeared; CDMS links corrected (version 2; current version: 3; may be updated later this year)
Kinematic groups beyond the Solar neighbourhood with RAVE
Creators: name: Antoja, T.
name: Helmi, A.
name: Bienayme, O.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Famaey, B.
name: Freeman, K.
name: Gibson, B. K.
name: Gilmore, G.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Minchev, I.
name: Munari, U.
name: Navarro, J.
name: Parker, Q.
name: Reid, W.
name: Seabroke, G. M.
name: Siebert, A.
name: Siviero, A.
name: Steinmetz, M.
name: Williams, M.
name: Wyse, R.
name: Zwitter, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the kinematics of disc stars observed by the RAVE survey in and beyond the Solar neighbourhood.We detect significant overdensities in the velocity distributions using a technique based on the wavelet transform.We find that the main local kinematic groups are large scale features, surviving at least up to ~1 kpc from the Sun in the direction of anti-rotation, and also at ~700 pc below the Galactic plane.We also find that for regions located at different radii than the Sun, the known groups appear shifted in the velocity plane. For example, the Hercules group has a larger azimuthal velocity for regions inside the Solar circle and a lower value outside. We have also discovered a new group at (U, V) = (92,-22) km/s in the Solar neighbourhood and confirmed the significance of other previously found groups. Some of these trends detected for the first time are consistent with dynamical models of the effects of the bar and the spiral arms. More modelling is required to definitively characterise the non-axisymmetric components of our Galaxy using these groups.
description: Minor changes to match the accepted version in MNRAS Letters