cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Finite-Difference Time-Domain simulation of spacetime cloak
Creators: name: Cornelius, Jason
name: Liu, Jinjie
name: Brio, Moysey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 78

description: In this work, we present a numerical method that remedies the instabilities of the conventional FDTD approach for solving Maxwell's equations in a space-time dependent magneto-electric medium with direct application to the simulation of the recently proposed spacetime cloak. We utilize a dual grid FDTD method overlapped to the time domain to provide a stable approach for the simulation of magneto-electric medium with time and space varying permittivity, permeability and coupling coefficient. The developed method can be applied to explore other new physical possibilities offered by spacetime cloaking, metamaterials, and transformation optics.
title: Signifiances (Signifying) - Vol. 2, No 1 (2019): Le symbole est-il diabolique ? Duplicité(s) du signe en question
Creators: name: Grégoire, Michaël
Publisher: name: Université Clermont Auvergne
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 410 Linguistique générale
subject: langage

description: Vol. 2, N°1 de la revue Signifiances (Signifying)
On the saturation of non-axisymmetric instabilites of magnetized spherical Couette flow
Creators: name: Kaplan, E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the saturation of the hydromagnetic instabilities of a magnetized spherical Couette flow. Previous simulations [Hollerbach, 2009] demonstrated region where the axisymmetric flow, calculated from a 2-D simulation, was linearly unstable to nonaxisymmetric perturbations. Full, nonlinear, 3d simulations [Hollerbach 2009, Travnikov 2011] showed that the saturated state would consist only of harmonics of one azimuthal wave number, though there were bifurcations and transitions as nondimensional parameters (Re, Ha) were varied. Here, the energy transfer between different aziumthal modes is formulated as a network. This demonstrates a mechanism or the saturation of one mode and for the suppression of other unstable modes. A given mode grows by extracting energy from the axisymmetric flow, and then saturates as the energy transfer to its second harmonic equals this inflow. At the same time, this mode suppresses other unstable modes by facilitating an energy transfer to linearly stable modes.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Assessments of macroscopicity for quantum optical states
Creators: name: Laghaout, Amine
name: Neergaard-Nielsen, Jonas S.
name: Andersen, Ulrik L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the slow but constant progress in the coherent control of quantum systems, it is now possible to create large quantum superpositions. There has therefore been an increased interest in quantifying any claims of macroscopicity. We attempt here to motivate three criteria which we believe should enter in the assessment of macroscopic quantumness: The number of quantum fluctuation photons, the purity of the states, and the ease with which the branches making up the state can be distinguished.
Efficient Dynamic Polarization of Phosphorus Nuclei in Silicon in Strong Magnetic Fields and Low Temperatures
Creators: name: Järvinen, J.
name: Zvezdov, D.
name: Ahokas, J.
name: Sheludyakov, S.
name: Vainio, O.
name: Lehtonen, L.
name: Vasiliev, S.
name: Fujii, Y.
name: Mitsudo, S.
name: Mizusaki, T.
name: Gwak, M.
name: Lee, SangGap
name: Lee, Soonchil
name: Vlasenko, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) of phosphorus donors in silicon can be very effective in a magnetic field of 4.6 T and at temperatures below 1 K. The DNP occurs due to the Overhauser effect following a cross relaxation via the forbidden flip-flop or flip-flip transitions. Nuclear polarization values $P>0.98$ were reached after 20 min of pumping with 0.4 $μ$W of microwave power. We evaluated that the ratio of hyperfine state populations increased by three orders of magnitude after 2 hours of pumping, and an extremely pure nuclear spin system containing $<10^{-11}$ of the other spin state can be created. An inverted DNP has been obtained by pumping the low field ESR line of P followed by the flip-flip cross relaxation. This transition has much smaller relaxation rate and required substantially longer pumping times. We found that the nuclear polarization dynamics deviates substantially from a simple exponential function. The evolution of the polarization is characterized by two time constants $T^{'}_{ac}\approx$15 s in the beginning, and $T^{"}_{ac}\approx$1100 s for long pumping time. Temperature dependence of the nuclear relaxation rate of $^{31}$P was studied down to 0.75 K, below which the relaxation time became too long to be measured. The nuclear polarization followed a bi-exponential time dependence during relaxation. We suggest that the non-exponential behavior of DNP dynamics and the subsequent relaxation is mediated by the nuclei of $^{29}$Si surrounding $^{31}$P donors, which affect the transition probabilities of the forbidden cross-relaxation processes.
AAC in critical & acute care: Scoping review (LaValley et al., 2024)
Creators: name: LaValley, Mimi
name: Chavers-Edgar, Tiffany
name: Wu, Mengxuan
name: Schlosser, Ralf W.
name: Koul, Rajinder
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470101
subject: Communication studies
classificationCode: 420110
subject: Speech pathology
classificationCode: 420501
subject: Acute care

description: Purpose: Communication with nonspeaking patients is a critical challenge of person-centered care. This scoping review aimed to map the literature on augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) interventions for nonspeaking mechanically ventilated and tracheostomy patients in critical and acute care settings.Method: Electronic database, ancestry, and forward citation searches were conducted using eligibility criteria established a priori. Data were extracted, synthesized, and summarized according to scoping review methodology. Studies were categorized by type of intervention and summarized in terms of purpose, participants, design, quality appraisal (including validity and reliability of selected efficacy measures), and efficacy.Results: Small-to-large treatment effect sizes indicated demonstrable impact on patient health and communication efficacy with high-tech and no-tech visual interface–based interventions and systematic nurse training interventions. Treatment effects primarily pertained to dependent variables of patient anxiety, communication satisfaction, comfort, symptom self-reporting, and nursing practice changes.Conclusions: There is a paucity of high-quality AAC intervention research for mechanically ventilated and tracheostomy patients in critical and acute care settings. Emergent evidence suggests that select visual interface and nurse training interventions can impact efficacy of patient–provider communication and patients’ overall health.Supplemental Material S1. Search terms for each database.Supplemental Material S2. Select outcome measures and instruments used in studies of AAC interventions in critical & acute care.LaValley, M., Chavers-Edgar, T., Wu, M., Schlosser, R., & Koul, R. (2024). Augmentative and alternative communication interventions in critical and acute care with mechanically ventilated and tracheostomy patients: A scoping review. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 33(5), 2667–2686. https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00310
Probabilistic quantum phase-space simulation of Bell violations and their dynamical evolution
Creators: name: Rosales-Zárate, Laura
name: Opanchuk, Bogdan
name: Drummond, Peter D.
name: Reid, Margaret D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum simulations of Bell inequality violations are numerically obtained using probabilistic phase space methods, namely the positive P-representation. In this approach the moments of quantum observables are evaluated as moments of variables that have values outside the normal eigenvalue range. There is thus a parallel with quantum weak measurements and weak values. Nevertheless, the representation is exactly equivalent to quantum mechanics. A number of states violating Bell inequalities are sampled, demonstrating that these quantum paradoxes can be treated with probabilistic methods. We treat quantum dynamics by simulating the time evolution of the Bell state formed via parametric down-conversion, and discuss multi-mode generalizations.
Towards ultrafast spectrosopy with trapped molecular ions
Creators: name: Wu, Zhenlin
name: Walser, Stefan
name: Furey, Brandon
name: Mu, Guanqun
name: Nardi, Rene
name: Schindler, Philipp
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Poster presentation at DPG SAMOP 2023
Fremdsprachenunterricht mit KI gestalten. Eine Handreichung für die Praxis.
Creators: name: Poleshchuk, Alisa
name: Schatz, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Künstliche Intelligenz
subject: Fremdsprachenunterricht
subject: Maschinelles Lernen
subject: Sprachverarbeitung
subject: Educational Technology
subject: Computerunterstütztes Lernen
subject: Hochschulbildung
subject: E-Learning
subject: Didaktik
subject: Bildungsforschung
subject: Prompt Engineering
subject: DDC::4** Sprache
subject: DDC::4** Sprache::40* Sprache::400 Sprache
subject: DDC::4** Sprache::40* Sprache::404 Spezielle Themen

description: Die Integration künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) in die Lehre ist mit der Erwartung verbunden, die Lernprozesse zu innovieren. So soll die Technologie einerseits das Spektrum der didaktischen Möglichkeiten für Lehrende in Bezug auf Planung, Gestaltung und Evaluation von Lernprozessen erweitern. Auf der anderen Seite beeinflusst die zunehmende Verfügbarkeit von KI-Anwendungen die Erwartungshaltung der Lernenden hinsichtlich des Herangehens an die Lernprozessgestaltung. Der Sprachunterricht bildet in diesem Kontext keine Ausnahme, sondern steht vielmehr im Zentrum dieser Entwicklung. Populäre generative Chatbots wie ChatGPT, Claude oder Perplexity basieren auf hochentwickelten Large Language Models (LLMs), also komplexen Sprachmodellen, die natürliche Sprache verarbeiten und generieren können. Diese Tatsache prädestiniert sie für den Einsatz im Sprachunterricht und eröffnet vielfältige Anwendungsmöglichkeiten. Vor diesem Hintergrund befasst sich diese Handreichung mit dem zweckmäßigen Einsatz von generativer KI für das Lehren und Lernen einer Fremdsprache. Sie illustriert Szenarien, die das Ziel verfolgen, auf Seiten der Lernenden gleichermaßen sprachliche und KI-bezogene Kompetenzen zu fördern. Die Handreichung ist so konzipiert, dass die dargelegten Szenarien und Prompts zum Experimentieren, Nachahmen und Weiterentwickeln anregen sollen.
Cloaked Gamma Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Eichler, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is suggested that many $γ$-ray bursts (GRBs) are cloaked by an ultra-relativistic baryonic shell that has high optical depth when the photons are manufactured. Such a shell would not fully block photons reflected or emitted from its inner surface, because the radial velocity of the photons can be less than that of the shell. This avoids the standard problem associated with GRBs that the thermal component should be produced where the flow is still obscured by high optical depth. The radiation that escapes high optical depth obeys the Amati relation. Observational implications may include a) anomalously high ratios of afterglow to prompt emission, such as may have been the case in the recently discovered PTF 11agg, and b) ultrahigh-energy neutrino pulses that are non-coincident with detectable GRB. It is suggested that GRB 090510, a short, very hard GRB with very little afterglow, was an {\it exposed} GRB, in contrast to those cloaked by baryonic shells. \end{abstract}
description: accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Analytical BPS Maxwell-Higgs vortices
Creators: name: Casana, R.
name: Ferreira, M. M.
name: da Hora, E.
name: Santos, C. dos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have established a prescription for the calculation of analytical vortex solutions in the context of generalized Maxwell-Higgs models whose overall dynamics is controlled by two positive functions of the scalar field. We have also determined a natural constraint between these functions and the Higgs potential allowing the existence of axially symmetric Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) solutions possessing finite energy. Furthermore, when the generalizing functions are chosen suitably, the nonstandard BPS equations can be solved exactly. We have studied some examples, comparing them with the usual Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen (ANO) solution. The overall conclusion is that the analytical self-dual vortices are well-behaved in all relevant sectors, strongly supporting the generalized models they belong themselves. In particular, our results mimic well-known properties of the usual (numerical) configurations, as localized energy density, while contributing to the understanding of topological solitons and their description by means of analytical methods.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Geomorphology of the Puerto Rico Trench and Cayman Trough in the Context of the Geological Evolution of the Caribbean Sea
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90901 Cartography
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geology
subject: Geography
subject: Physical Geography
subject: 40601 Geomorphology and Regolith and Landscape Evolution
subject: 40503 Physical Oceanography
subject: Oceanography
subject: 80103 Computer Graphics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computer Software
subject: Applied Computer Science
subject: Education

description: This paper concerns the Caribbean Sea submarine geomorphology and bathymetry and especially the Puerto Rico Trench and the Cayman Trough, using thematic mapping, geomorphological modelling and statistical analysis. The technical tools include Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) cartographic scripting toolset. The data include GEBCO digital bathymetric model in grid format, geopotential model of the Earth’s gravity field EGM2008, marine free-air Faye gravity anomalies from a combined GEOS3/SEASAT/GEOSAT altimeter data set, sediment thickness from the GlobSed 5-arc-minute grid model and vector layers of GMT (coastlines, river network, borders). The cross-sectioning was done by the “grdtrack” module. Differences between the form of the Puerto Rico Trench and Cayman Trough presumably result from different structure and geological evolution. The geomorphology of the segment of the Puerto Rico Trench (67.5°W and 19.90°N to 64.1°W and 19.82°N) has a gentle curvature of the slope in plane (about 13° slope steepness). The slopes are steeper in the northern part (about 32°) but higher on the continental slope. The profiles of the Puerto Rico Trench are asymmetric due to the tectonic factors. The seabed of the Cayman Trough is flat at the segment (80.0°W and 17.7°N to 78.5°W and 19.5°N). Its profile is asymmetric: northern part is steep (about 57°), southern part is about 16°. A very large negative Faye free-air gravity anomaly (up to –380 mGal) is seen in the Puerto Rico Trench, south of Cuba as well as in the north-eastern part of the Cayman Trough. The tectonic plate subduction in the Lesser Antilles, Central America and seafloor spreading is reflected in the morphostructure in the Cayman Trough and Puerto Rico Trench. Modeled cross-sectioning profiles show differences both for the Trench and Trough. In contrast with the Puerto Rico Trench with distinct density peak (680 samples for depths –5,200 to –5,400 m), the Cayman Trough has a bimodal data distribution: two peaks correspond to the two intervals: 1) –3,250 m to –1,000 m; and 2) –5,250 to –3,500. The paper contributes to Caribbean Sea geological studies by using GMT for geomorphological modelling.
Spectroscopic observation of SU(N)-symmetric interactions in Sr orbital magnetism
Creators: name: Zhang, X.
name: Bishof, M.
name: Bromley, S. L.
name: Kraus, C. V.
name: Safronova, M. S.
name: Zoller, P.
name: Rey, A. M.
name: Ye, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SU(N) symmetry can emerge in a quantum system with N single-particle spin states when spin is decoupled from inter-particle interactions. So far, only indirect evidence for this symmetry exists, and the scattering parameters remain largely unknown. Here we report the first spectroscopic observation of SU(N=10) symmetry in Sr-87 using the state-of-the-art measurement precision offered by an ultra-stable laser. By encoding the electronic orbital degree of freedom in two clock states, while keeping the system open to 10 nuclear spin sublevels, we probe the non-equilibrium two-orbital SU(N) magnetism via Ramsey spectroscopy of atoms confined in an array of two-dimensional optical traps. We study the spin-orbital quantum dynamics and determine all relevant interaction parameters. This work prepares for using alkaline-earth atoms as test-beds for iconic orbital models.
description: 4 figures, 1 tables
Step scaling and the Yang-Mills gradient flow
Creators: name: Lüscher, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of the Yang-Mills gradient flow in step-scaling studies of lattice QCD is expected to lead to results of unprecedented precision. Step scaling is usually based on the Schrödinger functional, where time ranges over an interval [0,T] and all fields satisfy Dirichlet boundary conditions at time 0 and T. In these calculations, potentially important sources of systematic errors are boundary lattice effects and the infamous topology-freezing problem. The latter is here shown to be absent if Neumann instead of Dirichlet boundary conditions are imposed on the gauge field at time 0. Moreover, the expectation values of gauge-invariant local fields at positive flow time (and of other well localized observables) that reside in the center of the space-time volume are found to be largely insensitive to the boundary lattice effects.
description: Plain TeX source, 26 pages, 7 figures; v2: corrected typos and updated references
Probing cosmic opacity at high redshifts with gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Holanda, R. F. L.
name: Busti, V. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probing the evolution of the universe at high redshifts with standard candles is a powerful way to discriminate dark energy models, where an open question nowadays is whether this component is constant or evolves with time. One possible source of ambiguity in this kind of analyses comes from cosmic opacity, which can mimick a dark enery behaviour. However, most tests of cosmic opacity have been restricted to the redshift range $z<2$. In this work, by using luminosity distances of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), {given the validity of the Amati relation}, and the latest $H(z)$ data we determine constraints on the cosmic opacity at high redshifts ($z>2$) for a flat $Λ$CDM model. A possible degenerescence of the results with the adopted cosmological model is also investigated by considering a flat XCDM model. The limits on cosmic opacity in the redshift range $0
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, 1 Table, Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
The Powers of Monodromy
Creators: name: McAllister, Liam
name: Silverstein, Eva
name: Westphal, Alexander
name: Wrase, Timm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flux couplings to string theory axions yield super-Planckian field ranges along which the axion potential energy grows. At the same time, other aspects of the physics remain essentially unchanged along these large displacements, respecting a discrete shift symmetry with a sub-Planckian period. After a general overview of this monodromy effect and its application to large-field inflation, we present new classes of specific models of monodromy inflation, with monomial potentials $μ^{4-p}ϕ^p$. A key simplification in these models is that the inflaton potential energy plays a leading role in moduli stabilization during inflation. The resulting inflaton-dependent shifts in the moduli fields lead to an effective flattening of the inflaton potential, i.e. a reduction of the exponent from a fiducial value $p_0$ to $p
description: 36 pages; v2: fixed typos, added references
On the gauge dependence of the Standard Model vacuum instability scale
Creators: name: Di Luzio, Luca
name: Mihaila, Luminita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After reviewing the calculation of the Standard Model one-loop effective potential in a class of linear gauges, we discuss the physical observables entering the vacuum stability analysis. While the electroweak-vacuum-stability bound on the Higgs boson mass can be formally proven to be gauge independent, the field value at which the effective potential turns negative (the so-called instability scale) is a gauge dependent quantity. By varying the gauge-fixing scheme and the gauge-fixing parameters in their perturbative domain, we find an irreducible theoretical uncertainty of at least two orders of magnitude on the scale at which the Standard Model vacuum becomes unstable.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures. One reference added. To appear in JHEP
The isotropic radio background revisited
Creators: name: Fornengo, Nicolao
name: Lineros, Roberto A.
name: Regis, Marco
name: Taoso, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extensive analysis on the determination of the isotropic radio background. We consider six different radio maps, ranging from 22 MHz to 2.3 GHz and covering a large fraction of the sky. The large scale emission is modeled as a linear combination of an isotropic component plus the Galactic synchrotron radiation and thermal bremsstrahlung. Point-like and extended sources are either masked or accounted for by means of a template. We find a robust estimate of the isotropic radio background, with limited scatter among different Galactic models. The level of the isotropic background lies significantly above the contribution obtained by integrating the number counts of observed extragalactic sources. Since the isotropic component dominates at high latitudes, thus making the profile of the total emission flat, a Galactic origin for such excess appears unlikely. We conclude that, unless a systematic offset is present in the maps, and provided that our current understanding of the Galactic synchrotron emission is reasonable, extragalactic sources well below the current experimental threshold seem to account for the majority of the brightness of the extragalactic radio sky.
description: Accepted for publication in JCAP. Models available at http://www.astroparticle.to.infn.it/darkmatter/Research/Radio.1402.2218/
Effective field theory and keV lines from dark matter
Creators: name: Krall, Rebecca
name: Reece, Matthew
name: Roxlo, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We survey operators that can lead to a keV photon line from dark matter decay or annihilation. We are motivated in part by recent claims of an unexplained 3.5 keV line in galaxy clusters and in Andromeda, but our results could apply to any hypothetical line observed in this energy range. We find that given the amount of flux that is observable, explanations in terms of decay are more plausible than annihilation, at least if the annihilation is directly to Standard Model states rather than intermediate particles. The decay case can be explained by a scalar or pseudoscalar field coupling to photons suppressed by a scale not far below the reduced Planck mass, which can be taken as a tantalizing hint of high-scale physics. The scalar case is particularly interesting from the effective field theory viewpoint, and we discuss it at some length. Because of a quartically divergent mass correction, naturalness strongly suggests the theory should be cut off at or below the 1000 TeV scale. The most plausible such natural UV completion would involve supersymmetry. These bottom-up arguments reproduce expectations from top-down considerations of the physics of moduli. A keV line could also arise from the decay of a sterile neutrino, in which case a renormalizable UV completion exists and no direct inference about high-scale physics is possible.
description: v2: Minor correction, references and comments on LARGE volume string compactifications added
GOVERNMENT AS A PLATFORM: EXPLOITING OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA TO DRIVE PUBLIC SERVICE CO-CREATION
Creators: name: McBride, Keegan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: New technologies are changing our current understanding of public services. One example of this is the emerging concept, and exploitation of, Open Government Data (OGD). Governments are able to release OGD and, through this action, act as a platform. This Open Government Data Platform allows anyone to use, exploit, and analyze government datasets to co-create new and innovative services which provide public value and empower communities in combination with multiple stakeholders. The aim of this thesis is to explore this new phenomenon and attempt to gain a better understanding of the process in which stakeholders are able to use OGD to co-create these new public services. An exploratory case study is conducted on an ongoing pilot project within Estonia which is co-creating a new public service based on OGD. The case seems to show that in order for OGD driven public service co-creation to occur effectively a new understanding of the role of stakeholders is needed, and that when governments release OGD and act as a platform they inherently become involved in the co-creation of new public services, even if this is not the goal. As a result of the research a general architecture for a co-creation OGD driven public service web application is also derived and presented.
Requirements and architecture plan for Puhuri
Creators: name: Laitinen, Jarno
name: Adoimet, Marina
name: Happonen, Kalle
name: Sjöström, Anders
name: Lassi, Monica
name: Engström, Kent
name: Saar, Ahti
name: Livenson, Ilja
name: Nyholm, Juha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Puhuri, NeIC

description: This is the first deliverable of NeIC Puhuri project reporting the work done 1.6.-31.9.2020. The project started by designing the technical architecture and gathering the requirements from different stakeholders. Also the first terminology for Puhuri was composed.
Geometric Scaling for a Detonation Wave Governed by a Pressure-Dependent Reaction Rate and Yielding Confinement
Creators: name: Li, Jianling
name: Mi, XiaoCheng
name: Higgins, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of detonation waves in reactive media bounded by an inert, compressible layer is examined via computational simulations in two different geometries, axisymmetric cylinders and two dimensional, planar slabs. For simplicity, an ideal gas equation of state is used with a pressure-dependent reaction rate that results in a stable detonation wave structure. The detonation is initiated as an ideal Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) detonation with a one-dimensional structure, and then allowed to propagate into a finite diameter or thickness layer of explosive surrounded by an inert layer. The yielding confinement of the inert layer results in the detonation wave decaying to a sub-CJ steady state velocity or failing entirely. Simulations are performed with different values of the reaction rate pressure exponent (n = 2 and 3) and different impedance confinement (greater than, less than, and equal to the confinement of the explosive). The velocity decrement and critical dimension (critical diameter or thickness) are determined, and a 2:1 scaling between the cylinder diameter and slab thickness results is confirmed, in good agreement with curvature-based models of detonation propagation. The measured shock front curvature and detonation velocity relation agrees with the classic model of Wood and Kirkwood. The computational simulations are compared to a simple, analytic model that treats the interaction of the confinement with the detonation products via Newtonian theory and a model that assumes a continuous variation in shock front curvature with the shock angle at the interface with the confinement matching the angle determined by shock polar analysis. The Newtonian model works very well for the case of high impedance confinement, while the shock front curvature model agrees with the simulations for the case of low impedance confinement.
Twisted Yangian symmetry of the open Hubbard model
Creators: name: Gomez, Alejandro De La Rosa
name: MacKay, Niall J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that, in the open Hubbard model with integrable boundary conditions, the bulk Yangian symmetry is broken to a twisted Yangian. We prove that the associated charges commute with the Hamiltonian and the reflection matrix, and that they form a coideal subalgebra.
description: 13 pages. Minor revisions and additional references
Experimental determination of Rashba spin-orbit coupling in wurtzite $n$-GaN:Si
Creators: name: Stefanowicz, W.
name: Adhikari, R.
name: Andrearczyk, T.
name: Faina, B.
name: Sawicki, M.
name: Majewski, J. A.
name: Dietl, T.
name: Bonanni, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Millikelvin magnetotransport studies are carried out on heavily $n$-doped wurtzite GaN:Si films grown on semi-insulating GaN:Mn buffer layers by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. The dependency of the conductivity on magnetic field and temperature is interpreted in terms of theories that take into account disorder-induced quantum interference of one-electron and many-electron self-crossing trajectories. The Rashba parameter $α_{\text{R}}\,=\,(4.5 \pm 1)$ meV$Å$ is determined, and it is shown that in the previous studies of electrons adjacent to GaN/(Al,Ga)N interfaces, bulk inversion asymmetry was dominant over structural inversion asymmetry. The comparison of experimental and theoretical values of $α_{\text{R}}$ across a series of wurtzite semiconductors is presented as a test of current relativistic ab initio computation schemes. It is found that electron-electron scattering with small energy transfer accounts for low temperature decoherence in these systems.
description: the version after the revision process
Discovery of a cold stellar stream in the ATLAS DR1 data
Creators: name: Koposov, S. E.
name: Irwin, M.
name: Belokurov, V.
name: Gonzales-Solares, E.
name: Yoldas, A. Kupcu
name: Lewis, J.
name: Metcalfe, N.
name: Shanks, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a narrow stellar stream crossing the constellations of Sculptor and Fornax in the Southern celestial hemisphere. The portion of the stream detected in the Data Release 1 photometry of the ATLAS survey is at least 12 degrees long, while its width is $\approx$ 0.25 deg. The Color Magnitude Diagram of this halo sub-structure is consistent with a metal-poor [Fe/H] $\lesssim -1.4$ stellar population located at a heliocentric distance of 20 $\pm$ 2 kpc. There are three globular clusters that could tentatively be associated with the stream: NGC 7006, NGC 7078 (M15) and Pyxis, but NGC 7006 and 7078 seem to have proper motions incompatible with the stream orbit.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted to MNRAS letters
Neutrino Mass and Dark Matter from Gauged $U(1)_{B-L}$ Breaking
Creators: name: Kanemura, Shinya
name: Matsui, Toshinori
name: Sugiyama, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new model where the Dirac mass term for neutrinos, the Majorana mass term for right-handed neutrinos, and the other new fermion masses arise via the spontaneous breakdown of the $U(1)_{B-L}$ gauge symmetry. The anomaly-free condition gives four sets of assignment of the B-L charge to new particles, and three of these sets have an associated global $U(1)_{DM}$ symmetry which stabilizes dark matter candidates. The dark matter candidates contribute to generating the Dirac mass term for neutrinos at the one-loop level. Consequently, tiny neutrino masses are generated at the two-loop level via a Type-I-Seesaw-like mechanism. We show that this model can satisfy current bounds from neutrino oscillation data, the lepton flavor violation, the relic abundance of the dark matter, and the direct search for the dark matter. This model would be tested at future collider experiments and dark matter experiments.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure, version accepted for publication in PRD
Hadron Production in Photon Photon Processes at ILC and BSM signatures with small mass differences
Creators: name: Sasikumar, Kollassery Swathi
name: List, Jenny
name: Berggren, Carl Mikael
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: International Linear Collider Workshop, LCWS, Arlington, DESY, United States of America, 22 Oct 2018 - 26 Oct 2018
Influence of X-ray Irradiation on the Properties of the Hamamatsu Silicon Photomultiplier S10362-11-050C
Creators: name: Xu, Chen
name: Klanner, Robert
name: Garutti, Erika
name: Hellweg, Wolf-Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the effects of X-ray irradiation to doses of 0, 200 Gy, 20 kGy, 2 MGy, and 20 MGy on the Hamamatsu silicon-photomultiplier (SiPM) S10362-11-050C. The SiPMs were irradiated without applied bias voltage. From current-voltage, capacitance/conductance-voltage, -frequency, pulse-shape, and pulse-area measurements, the SiPM characteristics below and above breakdown voltage were determined. Significant changes of some SiPM parameters are observed. Up to a dose of 20 kGy the performance of the SiPMs is hardly affected by X-ray radiation damage. For doses of 2 and 20 MGy the SiPMs operate with hardly any change in gain, but with a significant increase in dark-count rate and cross-talk probability.
description: 21 pages,30 figures
title: Failed it to nailed it! Getting data sharing right: Event 1 report - dealing with data: tips and tricks
Creators: name: Kanza, Samantha
name: Knight, Nicola
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Failed it To Nailed It, AI3SD, PSDS, Patterns, Data Sharing, Research Data Management, Data, reproducibility, RESEARCH, Research data

description: This event was the first of the Failed it to Nailed it online data seminar series. The event was hosted online through a zoom conference. The event ran for approximately three hours in an afternoon session. There were three talks given on the topics of data management and data sharing both from a domain agnostic point of view and from specific domain experts. These talks were followed by an interactive panel session with six early career researchers (ECRs) talking about their experiences in working with and sharing data.
Hadron Production in Photon Photon Processes at ILC and BSM signatures with small mass differences
Creators: name: Sasikumar, Kollassery Swathi
name: List, Jenny
name: Berggren, Carl Mikael
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: ILD Benchmarking Days, Arlington, DESY, United States of America, 19 Oct 2018 - 21 Oct 2018
Spectroscopic observation of Ly$α$ emitters at z~7.7 and implications on re-ionization
Creators: name: Faisst, A. L.
name: Capak, P.
name: Carollo, C. M.
name: Scarlata, C.
name: Scoville, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectroscopic follow-up observations on two bright Ly$α$ emitter (LAE) candidates originally found by Krug et al. (2012) at a redshift of z~7.7 using the Multi-Object Spectrometer for Infra-Red Exploration (MOSFIRE) at Keck. We rule out any line emission at the >5$σ$ level for both objects, putting on solid ground a previous null result for one of the objects. The limits inferred from the non-detections rule out the previous claim of no or even reversed evolution between 5.7 < z < 7.7 in the Ly$α$ luminosity function (LF) and suggest a drop in the Ly$α$ luminosity function consistent with that seen in Lyman Break galaxy (LBG) samples. We model the redshift evolution of the LAE LF using the LBG UV continuum LF and the observed rest-frame equivalent width distribution. From the comparison of our empirical model with the observed LAE distribution, we estimate lower limits of the neutral hydrogen fraction to be 50-70% at z~7.7. Together with this, we find a strong evolution in the Ly$α$ optical depth characterized by (1+z)^(2.2 $\pm$ 0.5) beyond z=6 indicative of a strong evolution of the IGM. Finally, we extrapolate the LAE LF to z~9 using our model and show that it is unlikely that large area surveys like UltraVISTA or Euclid pick up LAEs at this redshift assuming the current depths and area.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, Accepted for publication in ApJ (minor changes due to referee's comments)
Factorization of double Drell–Yan
Creators: name: Nagar, Riccardo
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: Workshop on Resummation, Evolution, Factorization 2018, REF2018, Krakow, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow, Poland, Poland, 19 Nov 2018 - 23 Nov 2018
description: In a double Drell–Yan process two hard interactions take place instead of a single one, leading to a more complex momentum, spin, and color structure of the diagrams involved. Higher-precision predictions for the LHC and the prospect of future high-energy colliders motivate the efforts for a rigorous field-theoretical description of these kinds of processes, as well as for the broader class of multi-parton interactions (MPI). A factorization theorem is therefore the first step, needed to legitimize the phenomenological applications of the standard factorized cross-section formulae. We present an overview of the all-order factorization proof at leading twist, with a stronger focus on the extraction of the soft factor. Our proof extends the well-known work of Collins, Soper and Sterman for single Drell–Yan, dropping one of the approximations on which their argument was based. The proof involves a recursive application of Ward identities, and some more carefulness in dealing with the more complicated color structure of our processes.
Initiating the effective unification of black hole horizon area and entropy quantization with quasi-normal modes
Creators: name: Corda, C.
name: Hendi, S. H.
name: Katebi, R.
name: Schmidt, N. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black hole (BH) quantization may be the key to unlocking a unifying theory of quantum gravity (QG). Surmounting evidence in the field of BH research continues to support a horizon (surface) area with a discrete and uniformly spaced spectrum, but there is still no general agreement on the level spacing. In this specialized and important BH case study, our objective is to report and examine the pertinent groundbreaking work of the strictly thermal and non-strictly thermal spectrum level spacing of the BH horizon area quantization with included entropy calculations, which aims to tackle this gigantic problem. In particular, this work exemplifies a series of imperative corrections that eventually permits a BH's horizon area spectrum to be generalized from strictly thermal to non-strictly thermal with entropy results, thereby capturing multiple preceding developments by launching an effective unification between them. Moreover, the identified results are significant because quasi-normal modes (QNM) and "effective states" characterize the transitions between the established levels of the non-strictly thermal spectrum.
description: 23 pages, review paper. Final version to appear in Advances in High Energy Physics
New Orlicz Affine Isoperimetric Inequalities
Creators: name: Ye, Deping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A20, 53A15

description: The Orlicz-Brunn-Minkowski theory receives considerable attention recently, and many results in the $L_p$-Brunn-Minkowski theory have been extended to their Orlicz counterparts. The aim of this paper is to develop Orlicz $L_ϕ$ affine and geominimal surface areas for single convex body as well as for multiple convex bodies, which generalize the $L_p$ (mixed) affine and geominimal surface areas -- fundamental concepts in the $L_p$-Brunn-Minkowski theory. Our extensions are different from the general affine surface areas by Ludwig (in Adv. Math. 224 (2010)). Moreover, our definitions for Orlicz $L_ϕ$ affine and geominimal surface areas reveal that these affine invariants are essentially the infimum/supremum of $V_ϕ(K, L^\circ)$, the Orlicz $ϕ$-mixed volume of $K$ and the polar body of $L$, where $L$ runs over all star bodies and all convex bodies, respectively, with volume of $L$ equal to the volume of the unit Euclidean ball $B_2^n$. Properties for the Orlicz $L_ϕ$ affine and geominimal surface areas, such as, affine invariance and monotonicity, are proved. Related Orlicz affine isoperimetric inequalities are also established.
description: Some typos and small mistakes are corrected
Computability of 1-manifolds
Creators: name: Burnik, Konrad
name: Iljazovic, Zvonko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A semi-computable set S in a computable metric space need not be computable. However, in some cases, if S has certain topological properties, we can conclude that S is computable. It is known that if a semi-computable set S is a compact manifold with boundary, then the computability of \deltaS implies the computability of S. In this paper we examine the case when S is a 1-manifold with boundary, not necessarily compact. We show that a similar result holds in this case under assumption that S has finitely many components.
Capillary-Diffusion and Self-Diffusion of Liquid Water in Unsaturated Soils
Creators: name: Phillips, Ronald E.
name: Quisenberry, V. L., Jr.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University of Kentucky
Year: 1971

description: Abstract:
Capillary-diffusion coefficients were measured by use of inflow and outflow methods. With both methods the capillary-diffusion coefficients decreased very rapidly with decreasing water content. The lighter textured soils were found to have the higher diffusion coefficients over the entire moisture content range studied, 0 to 1 bar tension.
Self-diffusion coefficients were measured over a moisture content range from air dryness to saturation using 3H as a tracer of water. Each of the soils gave the same diffusion characteristics when the self-diffusion coefficients were expressed as a function of either water content or average number of water layers on the external surface of each mineral. As the water content decreased from saturation to near field capacity, the self-diffusion coefficients decreased very rapidly.
An attempt was made to separate the self-diffusion coefficients into a liquid and a vapor component by use of 36Cl as a tracer of liquid water. The results showed 36Cl not to be a good tracer of liquid water movement in soil. The results suggest that a functional relationship exists between capillary-diffusion and self-diffusion; however, before this relationship can be firmly established, the liquid and vapor components of water movement must be separated.
Funding information: The work on which this report is based was supported in part by funds provided by the Office of Water Resources Research, United States Department of the Interior, as authorized under the Water Resources Act of 1964.
Critical exponents of the explosive percolation transition
Creators: name: da Costa, R. A.
name: Dorogovtsev, S. N.
name: Goltsev, A. V.
name: Mendes, J. F. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a new type of percolation phase transition, which was observed in a set of non-equilibrium models, each new connection between vertices is chosen from a number of possibilities by an Achlioptas-like algorithm. This causes preferential merging of small components and delays the emergence of the percolation cluster. First simulations led to a conclusion that a percolation cluster in this irreversible process is born discontinuously, by a discontinuous phase transition, which results in the term "explosive percolation transition". We have shown that this transition is actually continuous (second-order) though with an anomalously small critical exponent of the percolation cluster. Here we propose an efficient numerical method enabling us to find the critical exponents and other characteristics of this second order transition for a representative set of explosive percolation models with different number of choices. The method is based on gluing together the numerical solutions of evolution equations for the cluster size distribution and power-law asymptotics. For each of the models, with high precision, we obtain critical exponents and the critical point.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures