cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Motivational control in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a neurobehavioral and translational account
Creators: name: Ceceli, Ahmet Oğuz
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2019

description: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) poses debilitating impairments in the neurobehavioral systems governing reward learning and processing—key components involved in the control of motivated behaviors. Specifically, ADHD may rely on a system favoring cue-driven habits—rooted in the posterior putamen—over caudate and prefrontal cortex-driven goal-directed behaviors. Impaired motivational control may accompany corticostriatal dysfunction in ADHD (e.g., altered connectivity and striatal recruitment). A comprehensive investigation of habits is necessary to reveal potential motivational control irregularities that may be associated with ADHD. However, although contemporary tools enable the study of habit formation, examining existing habits and their disruption has not garnered comparable interest, necessitating the development of novel methods to capture well-learned habits. This dissertation discusses the neurobehavioral mechanisms of habit formation in ADHD in Study 1, develops a novel Go/NoGo task that capitalizes on existing green-Go and red-NoGo associations to study well-learned habit expression and disruption in Study 2, and applies these new tools to investigate habit expression and disruption as a function of ADHD symptomology in Study 3. In Study 1, despite similarities in behavioral assays of habit formation across groups, adults with ADHD displayed corticostriatal connectivity abnormalities and the hyper-recruitment of the posterior putamen during reward learning, alluding to a neural signature of impaired top-down control. In Study 2, participants exhibited outcome-insensitive habits when managing the Go/NoGo task, in that green-Go and red-NoGo associations elicited impairments in accuracy when incongruent with daily experiences. These habits were broken when participants were provided performance-tracking information paired with extrinsic reward, electing motivational enhancement via feedback as a candidate strategy for restoring goal-directed control. In Study 3, the novel task evoked well-learned habit expression and disruption independent of ADHD symptomology in the general population, although a modest association between hyperactivity and the prepotency to execute well-learned habits was evident. In sum, these studies suggest that ADHD presents corticostriatal abnormalities during motivational control, provide novel tools to better examine well-established habits and their disruption, and highlight the importance of investigating motivational systems in ADHD to better understanding its pathophysiology.
Particle Projection Using a Complex Langevin Method
Creators: name: Shill, C.R.
name: Drut, J.E.
Publisher: name: EDP Sciences
Year: 2018

description: Using complex stochastic quantization, we implement a particle-number projection technique on the partition function of spin-1/2 fermions at finite temperature on the lattice. We discuss the method, its application towards obtaining the thermal properties of finite Fermi systems in three spatial dimensions, and results for the first five virial coefficients of one-dimensional, attractively interacting fermions.
Additional file 1 of Translating brand reputation into equity from the stakeholder’s theory: an approach to value creation based on consumer’s perception & interactions
Creators: name: Adewole, Olukorede
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Appendix 2. Appendix III. Appendix IV.
Effective Shielding of $\lesssim$ 10 GeV Cosmic Rays from Dense Molecular Clumps
Creators: name: Yang, Rui-zhi
name: Li, Guang-Xing
name: Wilhelmi, Emma de Oña
name: Cui, Yu-Dong
name: Liu, Bing
name: Aharonian, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density of cosmic rays inside molecular clouds determines the ionization rate in the dense cores where stars form. It is also one of the drivers of astrochemistry leading to the creation of complex molecules. Through Fermi Large Area Telescope observations of nearby giant molecular clouds, we observed deficits (holes) in the gamma-ray residual map when modelling with the expected gamma-ray diffuse emission from uniform cosmic rays interacting with the molecular content. We propose that the deficit is due to the lack of penetration of the low-energy (sub-GeV to GeV) cosmic rays into denser regions or clumps. This differs from the prevailing view of fast cosmic ray transport in giant molecular clouds where the magnetic turbulence is suppressed by neutral-ion damping, as our results require a slow diffusion inside dense molecular clumps. Through modelling we find that while the shielding is negligible on the cloud scale, it becomes important in the denser, parsec-sized regions where the gravitational collapse is already at play, changing the initial condition of star formation and astrochemistry.
description: Published in Nature Astronomy
Sketch and Validate for Big Data Clustering
Creators: name: Traganitis, Panagiotis A.
name: Slavakis, Konstantinos
name: Giannakis, Georgios B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In response to the need for learning tools tuned to big data analytics, the present paper introduces a framework for efficient clustering of huge sets of (possibly high-dimensional) data. Building on random sampling and consensus (RANSAC) ideas pursued earlier in a different (computer vision) context for robust regression, a suite of novel dimensionality and set-reduction algorithms is developed. The advocated sketch-and-validate (SkeVa) family includes two algorithms that rely on K-means clustering per iteration on reduced number of dimensions and/or feature vectors: The first operates in a batch fashion, while the second sequential one offers computational efficiency and suitability with streaming modes of operation. For clustering even nonlinearly separable vectors, the SkeVa family offers also a member based on user-selected kernel functions. Further trading off performance for reduced complexity, a fourth member of the SkeVa family is based on a divergence criterion for selecting proper minimal subsets of feature variables and vectors, thus bypassing the need for K-means clustering per iteration. Extensive numerical tests on synthetic and real data sets highlight the potential of the proposed algorithms, and demonstrate their competitive performance relative to state-of-the-art random projection alternatives.
description: The present paper will appear on Signal Processing for Big Data special issue (June 2015) of the IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing
Molecule design and surface functionalization study of metal-oxide semiconductors
Creators: name: Chen, Yuan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2019

description: Metal-oxide semiconductor materials have found application in numerous fields such as photo-electronics, catalysis, and sensing. The interfaces between semiconductor materials and bio-, organic molecules used to functionalize the semiconductor materials have attracted considerable attention. It is necessary to better understand and improve the surface chemistry of semiconductor materials in order to develop a new generation of functional devices with excellent performance. In the first project of this thesis, which is chapter B, we present an efficient functionalization and characterization method for MgxZn1-xO (4%
Virial coefficients of one-dimensional and two-dimensional Fermi gases by stochastic methods and a semiclassical lattice approximation
Creators: name: Drut, J.E.
name: Shill, C.R.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2018

description: We map out the interaction effects on the first six virial coefficients of one-dimensional Fermi gases with zero-range attractive and repulsive interactions and the first four virial coefficients of the two-dimensional analog with attractive interactions. To that end, we use two nonperturbative stochastic methods: projection by complex stochastic quantization, which allows us to determine high-order coefficients at weak coupling and estimate the radius of convergence of the virial expansion, and a path-integral representation of the virial coefficients. To complement our numerical calculations, we present leading-order results in a semiclassical lattice approximation, which we find to be surprisingly close to the expected answers.
Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry fingerprinting can discriminate lamb meat due to different ageing methods and levels of dehydration
Creators: name: Zhang, Renyu
name: Ross, Alastair
name: Jacob, Noby
name: Agnew, Michael
name: Staincliffe, Maryann
name: Farouk, Mustafa
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 340101
subject: Analytical spectrometry
classificationCode: 340107
subject: Quality assurance, chemometrics, traceability and metrological chemistry

description: Dry-ageing is a technique for developing characteristic dry-aged flavour through the interplay of dehydration, lipid oxidation and microbial activities. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the extent of drying influences the metabolite profile and the final flavour of lamb using an “Age-and-Dry” regime; and that Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (REIMS) fingerprinting can be used to discriminate the metabolic fingerprints of lambs due to ageing methods and dehydration levels. Lamb loins (n = 60) were dehydrated with low (12%), medium (17%) and high (22%) weight losses and compared with the wet-aged equivalents using REIMS and evaluated by 12-member sensory panel. Orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models based on 1400 tentatively identified m/z features were obtained for ageing methods (Q2 > 0.95) and dehydration levels (Q2 > 0.82) with high discrimination accuracy. Increased concentrations of dipeptides and metabolites associated with energy metabolism were observed in aged-and-dried lamb meat which supports the umami and savoury taste perceived by the sensory panel. A reduced concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids with more aldehydes was observed in aged-and-dried lamb meat contributing to the nutty, roasted, and fatty flavour notes detected by the sensory panellists in these samples compared to the wet-aged.
Hypersurface Curvatures of Geological Features
Creators: name: Ravve, Igor
name: Tertois, Anne-Laure
name: de Ribet, Bruno
name: Koren, Zvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reflector-normal angles and reflector-curvature parameters are the principal geometric attributes used in seismic interpretation for characterizing the orientations and shapes, respectively, of geological reflecting surfaces. Commonly, the input dataset for their computation consists of fine 3D grids of scalar fields representing either the seismic-driven reflectivities (e.g., amplitudes of 3D seismic migrated volumes) or model-driven reflectivities, computed, for example, from the derived elastic impedance parameters. Conventionally, the computation of curvature parameters at each grid point is based on analyzing the local change in the inline/crossline dips, considering the potential existence of a local quadratic reflecting surface in the vicinity of that point. This assumption breaks down for subsurface points in the vicinity of either complex reflecting surfaces (e.g., brittle/rough/tilted synclines/anticlines, ridges/troughs, and saddles) and/or sharp discontinuous geological features (e.g., fault edges/tips, pinch-outs, fracture systems, channels, small geobodies), where the values of the computed curvature become extremely high. While these high values can indicate the existence of non-reflecting objects, they do not deliver their specific geometric characteristics. We present a novel method that better characterizes the shapes of these complex geological features by extending the assumption of local surfaces (2D surfaces in 3D space) into hypersurfaces (3D hypersurfaces in 4D space), with their corresponding principal and effective curvature parameters. We demonstrate the advantages of our method by comparing the conventional dip-based surface curvature parameters with the hypersurface curvature parameters, using a synthetic model/image with different types and shapes of geological features and two seismic images of real data containing complex faults and hidden buried channels.
On Delay-Doppler Plane Orthogonal Pulse
Creators: name: Lin, Hai
name: Yuan, Jinhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we analyze the recently discovered delay-Doppler plane orthogonal pulse (DDOP), which is essential for delay-Doppler plane multi-carrier modulation waveform. In particular, we introduce a local orthogonality property of pulses corresponding to Weyl-Heisenberg (WH) subset and justify the DDOP's existence, in contrast to global orthogonality corresponding to WH set governed by the WH frame theory. Then, sufficient conditions for locally-orthogonal pulses are presented and discussed. Based on the analysis, we propose a general DDOP design. We also derive the frequency domain representation of the DDOP, and compare the DDOP-based orthogonal delay-Doppler division multiplexing (ODDM) modulation with other modulation schemes, in terms of TF signal localization. Interestingly, we show perfect local orthogonality property of the DDOP with respect to delay-Doppler resolutions using its ambiguity function.
description: This paper was presented at the IEEE GLOBECOM 2022
Additional file 1 of Impacts for health and care workers of Covid-19 and other public health emergencies of international concern: living systematic review, meta-analysis and policy recommendations
Creators: name: Fronteira, Inês
name: Mathews, Verona
name: dos Santos, Ranailla Lima Bandeira
name: Matsumoto, Karen
name: Amde, Woldekidan
name: Pereira, Alessandra
name: de Oliveira, Ana Paula Cavalcante
name: Craveiro, Isabel
name: Chança, Raphael
name: Boniol, Mathieu
name: Ferrinho, Paulo
name: Poz, Mario Roberto Dal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Search strategy.
Virial expansion for the Tan contact and Beth-Uhlenbeck formula from two-dimensional SO(2,1) anomalies
Creators: name: Daza, W.
name: Ordóñez, C.
name: Drut, J.E.
name: Lin, C.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2018

description: The relationship between two-dimensional SO(2,1) conformal anomalies in nonrelativistic systems and the virial expansion is explored using recently developed path-integral methods. In the process, the Beth-Uhlenbeck formula for the shift of the second virial coefficient δb2 is obtained, as well as a virial expansion for the Tan contact. A possible extension of these techniques for higher orders in the virial expansion is discussed.
Merging Binary Stars and the magnetic white dwarfs
Creators: name: Briggs, Gordon P.
name: Ferrario, Lilia
name: Tout, Christopher A.
name: Wickramasinghe, Dayal T.
name: Hurley, Jarrod R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A magnetic dynamo driven by differential rotation generated when stars merge can explain strong fields in certain classes of magnetic stars, including the high field magnetic white dwarfs (HFMWDs). In their case the site of the differential rotation has been variously proposed to be within a common envelope, the massive hot outer regions of a merged degenerate core or an accretion disc formed by a tidally disrupted companion that is subsequently incorporated into a degenerate core. We synthesize a population of binary systems to investigate the stellar merging hypothesis for observed single HFMWDs. Our calculations provide mass distribution and the fractions of white dwarfs that merge during a common envelope phase or as double degenerate systems in a post common envelope phase. We vary the common envelope efficiency parameter alpha and compare with observations. We find that this hypothesis can explain both the observed incidence of magnetism and the mass distribution of HFMWDs for a wide range of alpha. In this model, the majority of the HFMWDs are of the Carbon Oxygen type and merge within a common envelope. Less than about a quarter of a per cent of HFMWDs originate from double degenerate stars that merge after common envelope evolution and these populate the high-mass tail of the HFMWD mass distribution.
description: 12 Pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in the MNRAS
Additional file 2 of Impacts for health and care workers of Covid-19 and other public health emergencies of international concern: living systematic review, meta-analysis and policy recommendations
Creators: name: Fronteira, Inês
name: Mathews, Verona
name: dos Santos, Ranailla Lima Bandeira
name: Matsumoto, Karen
name: Amde, Woldekidan
name: Pereira, Alessandra
name: de Oliveira, Ana Paula Cavalcante
name: Craveiro, Isabel
name: Chança, Raphael
name: Boniol, Mathieu
name: Ferrinho, Paulo
name: Poz, Mario Roberto Dal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Flow for assessing eligibility criteria.
Shedding light on the formation of the pre-biotic molecule formamide with ASAI
Creators: name: López-Sepulcre, A.
name: Jaber, Ali A.
name: Mendoza, E.
name: Lefloch, B.
name: Ceccarelli, C.
name: Vastel, C.
name: Bachiller, R.
name: Cernicharo, J.
name: Codella, C.
name: Kahane, C.
name: Kama, M.
name: Tafalla, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formamide (NH2CHO) has been proposed as a pre-biotic precursor with a key role in the emergence of life on Earth. While this molecule has been observed in space, most of its detections correspond to high-mass star-forming regions. Motivated by this lack of investigation in the low-mass regime, we searched for formamide, as well as isocyanic acid (HNCO), in 10 low- and intermediate-mass pre-stellar and protostellar objects. The present work is part of the IRAM Large Programme ASAI (Astrochemical Surveys At IRAM), which makes use of unbiased broadband spectral surveys at millimetre wavelengths. We detected HNCO in all the sources and NH2CHO in five of them. We derived their abundances and analysed them together with those reported in the literature for high-mass sources. For those sources with formamide detection, we found a tight and almost linear correlation between HNCO and NH2CHO abundances, with their ratio being roughly constant -between 3 and 10- across 6 orders of magnitude in luminosity. This suggests the two species are chemically related. The sources without formamide detection, which are also the coldest and devoid of hot corinos, fall well off the correlation, displaying a much larger amount of HNCO relative to NH2CHO. Our results suggest that, while HNCO can be formed in the gas phase during the cold stages of star formation, NH2CHO forms most efficiently on the mantles of dust grains at these temperatures, where it remains frozen until the temperature rises enough to sublimate the icy grain mantles. We propose hydrogenation of HNCO as a likely formation route leading to NH2CHO.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures. Accepted by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Unlocking the bioactivity of meat proteins: Comparison of meat and meat hydrolysate via simulated gastrointestinal digestion
Creators: name: Gathercole, Jess
name: Maes, Evelyne
name: Thomas, Ancy
name: Wieliczko, Robert
name: Grosvenor, Anita
name: Haines, Stephen
name: Clerens, Stefan
name: Deb Choudhury, Santanu
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3006
subject: Food sciences
classificationCode: 3205
subject: Medical biochemistry and metabolomics
classificationCode: 321004
subject: Nutritional science

description: Understanding the functional attributes of meat proteins is crucial for determining their nutritional benefits. Depending on the form in which meat proteins are available, the digestive process can release peptides which are valuable for nutrition and may also possess bioactive properties, affecting physiology. Liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to quantitatively compare the molecular peptide features (representing non-redundant peptides), during the different stages of a simulated gastrointestinal digestion process of a minimally processed powdered meat and its enzymatically produced hydrolysate. Results from a principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the hydrolysate did not undergo extensive additional digestion whereas the powdered meat was digested both at the gastric and in the intestinal phases. Bioactive peptide sequence prediction identified the meat hydrolysate but not the meat powder as the only source of exact and partial bioactive matches in the angiotensin-I converting enzyme and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition categories. Also, a higher source of cryptides (encrypted bioactive peptides), indicated that meat hydrolysates are potentially a better substrate for the release of these enzyme inhibitory peptides. These observations thus suggest that pre-digestion of a complex food matrix such as meat, may enhance its bioavailability following oral consumption early in the digestion process. Significance This work highlights enzymatic hydrolysis of meat proteins prior to ingestion allows for potentially higher bioavailability of bioactive peptides that inhibit angiotensin-I converting enzyme and dipeptidyl peptidase IV, thus possibly aiding high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes management.
MeerKAT Holography Measurements in the UHF, L, and S bands
Creators: name: de Villiers, Mattieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio holographic measurements using the MeerKAT telescope are presented for each of its supported observing bands, namely UHF (544--1087 MHz), L (856--1711 MHz) and S (1750--3499 MHz). Because the UHF-band receiver design is a scaled version of that of the L band, the electromagnetic performance in these two bands are expectedly similar to one another. Despite also being linearly polarized, S-band receivers have an entirely different design and distinct performance characteristics from the lower two bands. As introduced in previous work for the L band, evidence of higher-order waveguide mode activation also appears in S-band measurements but there are differences in its manifestation. Frequency-dependent pointing (beam squint), beam width, beam ellipticity, errorbeam, instrumental polarization and cross-polarization power measurements are illustrated for each of MeerKAT's observational bands in a side-by-side style to facilitate the comparison of features. The derivation of collimation errors and main reflector surface errors from measurements made at these relatively low observation frequencies is also discussed. Results include elevation and ambient temperature effects on collimation, as well as the signatures of collimation degrading over time. The accompanying data release includes a snapshot of full Jones matrix primary beam patterns for all bands and antennas, with corresponding derived metrics.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables
Twisted Fermionic Oscillator Algebra in $κ$-Minkowski space-time
Creators: name: Verma, Ravikant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the twisted algebra of the fermionic oscillators associated with Dirac field defined in $κ$-Minkowski space-time. Starting from $κ$-deformed Dirac theory, which is invariant under the undeformed $κ$-Poincare algebra, using the twisted flip operator, we derive the deformed algebra of the creation and annihilation operators corresponding to the Dirac field quanta in $κ$-Minkowski space-time. In the limit $a\rightarrow 0$, the deformed algebra reduces to the commutative result.
description: 15
The Atiyah–Patodi–Singer rho invariant and signatures of links
Creators: name: Toffoli, Enrico
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: rho invariant; aps; Atiyah–Patodi–Singer; Levine–Tristram; Cimasoni–Florens; multivariable signature; cut-and-paste; Dehn surgery
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: Relations between the Atiyah–Patodi–Singer rho invariant and signatures of links have been known for a long time, but they were only partially investigated. In order to explore them further, we develop a versatile cut-and-paste formula for the rho invariant, which allows us to manipulate manifolds in a convenient way. With the help of this tool, we give a description of the multivariable signature of a link L as the rho invariant of some closed three-manifold YL intrinsically associated with L. We study then the rho invariant of the manifolds obtained by the Dehn surgery on L along integer and rational framings. Inspired by the results of Casson and Gordon and Cimasoni and Florens, we give formulas expressing this value as a sum of the multivariable signature of L and some easy-to-compute extra terms.
Additional file 1 of Psilocybin-assisted therapy for severe alcohol use disorder: protocol for a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, 7-month parallel-group phase II superiority trial
Creators: name: Vanderijst, Laetitia
name: Hever, Felix
name: Buot, Anne
name: Dauré, Charles
name: Benoit, Janaïna
name: Hanak, Catherine
name: Veeser, Johannes
name: Morgiève, Margot
name: Campanella, Salvatore
name: Kornreich, Charles
name: Mallet, Luc
name: Leys, Christophe
name: Noël, Xavier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Strain Control of Electronic Phase in Rare Earth Nickelates
Creators: name: He, Zhuoran
name: Millis, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use density functional plus $U$ methods to study the effects of a tensile or compressive substrate strain on the charge-ordered insulating phase of LuNiO$_3$. The numerical results are analyzed in terms of a Landau energy function, with octahedral rotational distortions of the perovskite structure included as a perturbation. Approximately 4% tensile or compressive strain leads to a first-order transition from an insulating structure with large amplitude breathing mode distortions of the NiO$_6$ octahedra to a metallic state in which breathing mode distortions are absent but Jahn-Teller distortions in which two Ni-O bonds become long and the other four become short are present. Compressive strain produces uniform Jahn-Teller order with the long axis aligned perpendicular to the substrate plane while tensile strain produces a staggered Jahn-Teller order in which the long bond lies in the plane and alternates between two nearly orthogonal in-plane directions forming a checkerboard pattern. In the absence of the breathing mode distortions and octahedral rotations, the tensile strain-induced transition to the staggered Jahn-Teller state would be of second order.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 3 of Impacts for health and care workers of Covid-19 and other public health emergencies of international concern: living systematic review, meta-analysis and policy recommendations
Creators: name: Fronteira, Inês
name: Mathews, Verona
name: dos Santos, Ranailla Lima Bandeira
name: Matsumoto, Karen
name: Amde, Woldekidan
name: Pereira, Alessandra
name: de Oliveira, Ana Paula Cavalcante
name: Craveiro, Isabel
name: Chança, Raphael
name: Boniol, Mathieu
name: Ferrinho, Paulo
name: Poz, Mario Roberto Dal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Interrater agreement.
2 inch Molecular Organic Glass Scintillator for Neutron-Gamma Discrimination
Creators: name: Grodzicka-Kobylka, Martyna
name: Szczesniak, Tomasz
name: Moszyński, Marek
name: Swiderski, Lukasz
name: Brylew, Kamil
name: Feng, Patrick L.
name: Nguyen, Lucas Q.
name: Carlson, Joey S.
name: Valiente-Dobón, Jose J.
name: Trzuskowski, Jan
name: Misiarz, Agnieszka
name: Talarek, Łukasz
name: Zając, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this manuscript we report on the scintillation properties and pulse shape discrimination (PSD) performance of new organic glass scintillator. Two cylindrical samples with dimensions of 2x2 inches were tested. Additionally, this two samples were used in stack configuration in order to measure the PSD characteristics of a sample with a size of 2x4 inches. The study covers the measurements of neutron/gamma discrimination capability, emission spectra, photoelectron yield and analysis of the light pulse shapes originating from events related to gamma-rays and fast neutrons. The results were compared to data recorded previously using an EJ-276 plastic scintillator, an EJ-309 liquid scintillator and a stilbene single crystal.
Fusion of three spectroscopic techniques for prediction of fatty acid in processed lamb
Creators: name: Robert, Chima
name: Bain, Wendy
name: Craigie, Cameron
name: Hicks, Talia
name: Loeffen, Mark
name: Fraser-Miller, Sara J.
name: Gordon, Keith
C.
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3006
subject: Food sciences

description: The application of individual spectroscopic techniques for meat analysis has been widely explored. Attempts to fuse data from multiple spectroscopic instruments for meat analysis are still lacking. Comparative assessment of the performance of mid infrared (MIR), near infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopy to estimate fatty acid (FA) composition in processed lamb was investigated. The acquired data from these individual techniques were then utilised in estimating similar parameters using a multi-block partial least square data fusion approach. Model performance was assessed with respect to the determination coefficient and ratio of predictive deviation upon cross-validation of the model. The fused data had slight improvements for the prediction of four FA parameters including MUFA, C18:0, C18:1 c9 and C9, t11- CLA), suggesting possible information enhancement with use of multiple instruments. However, MIR offered better predictability (RPD values) across the FA parameters considered.
Polarized fermions in one dimension: Density and polarization from complex Langevin calculations, perturbation theory, and the virial expansion
Creators: name: Braun, J.
name: Loheac, A.C.
name: Drut, J.E.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2018

description: We calculate the finite-temperature density and polarization equations of state of one-dimensional fermions with a zero-range interaction, considering both attractive and repulsive regimes. In the path-integral formulation of the grand-canonical ensemble, a finite chemical potential asymmetry makes these systems intractable for standard Monte Carlo approaches due to the sign problem. Although the latter can be removed in one spatial dimension, we consider the one-dimensional situation in the present work to provide an efficient test for studies of the higher-dimensional counterparts. To that end, we use the complex Langevin approach, which we compare here with other approaches: imaginary-polarization studies, third-order perturbation theory, and the third-order virial expansion. We find very good qualitative and quantitative agreement across all methods in the regimes studied, which supports their validity.
Reusable Self-Attention Recommender Systems in Fashion Industry Applications
Creators: name: Celikik, Marjan
name: Wasilewski, Jacek
name: Ramallo, Ana Peleteiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A large number of empirical studies on applying self-attention models in the domain of recommender systems are based on offline evaluation and metrics computed on standardized datasets. Moreover, many of them do not consider side information such as item and customer metadata although deep-learning recommenders live up to their full potential only when numerous features of heterogeneous type are included. Also, normally the model is used only for a single use case. Due to these shortcomings, even if relevant, previous works are not always representative of their actual effectiveness in real-world industry applications. In this talk, we contribute to bridging this gap by presenting live experimental results demonstrating improvements in user retention of up to 30\%. Moreover, we share our learnings and challenges from building a re-usable and configurable recommender system for various applications from the fashion industry. In particular, we focus on fashion inspiration use-cases, such as outfit ranking, outfit recommendation and real-time personalized outfit generation.
Efficiency enhancement of black dye-sensitized solar cell by newly synthesized D-$π$-A coadsorbents: A theoretical study
Creators: name: Azar, Yavar T.
name: Payami, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, using the DFT and TDDFT, we have theoretically studied the electronic and optical properties of the two recently synthesized coadsorbents Y1 and Y2, which were aimed to enhance the efficiency of the black dye-sensitized solar cells. To determine the solvatochromic shifts, both the implicit and mixed implicit-explicit models have been used. The connection between the solvatochromic shifts and the changes of dipole moments in the excitation process is discussed. The difference in excitation charge transfer is utilized to explain the experimentally observed difference in $J_{sc}$ for Y1 and Y2. Investigating the interactions of I$_2$ molecules in the electrolyte solution with the coadsorbents showed that with Y1 the recombination loss was weakened through decreasing the I$_2$ concentration near the TiO$_2$ surface, whereas with Y2 it was increased. As a result, the higher values of both $J_{sc}$ and $V_{oc}$ with Y1 coadsorbent explains its experimentally observed higher efficiency. The present study sheds light on how to design and engineer newer coadsorbents or organic dyes for higher efficiencies.
description: 10 pages, Double-column, 11 png figures, LaTeX format
Understanding the influence of PEF treatment on minerals and lipid oxidation of wet- and dry-aged venison M. longissimus dorsi muscle
Creators: name: Mungure, Tanyaradzwa
name: Farouk, Mustafa
name: Carne, Alan
name: Staincliffe, Maryann
name: Stewart, Ian
name: Jowett, Timothy
name: Bhat, Zuhaib F.
name: Bekhit, Alaa El-Din
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3006
subject: Food sciences

description: Pulse electric fields (PEF) treatment can be used to improve meat quality attributes, such as tenderness and mass transfer kinetics of dry ageing of meat. This study investigated the effect of PEF (high-PEF 10 kV, 50 Hz, 20 μs; low-PEF 2.5 kV, 50 Hz, 20 μs) and ageing method (wet- and dry-ageing) on venison mineral profiles, and lipid and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) oxidative stability. Twelve loins from six red deer were assigned to six groups: no-PEF dry-aged control, no-PEF control, wet-aged Low-PEF, dry-aged Low-PEF, dry-aged High-PEF, wet-aged High-PEF. Secondary oxidation products contents were not affected by PEF treatment (p > 0.05), but were affected by dry ageing (p < 0.05). CLA was stable across PEF treatments and different ageing regimes (p > 0.05). PEF treatments did not have any effect on minerals (p > 0.05). This study validates the safety of using PEF in venison processing with limited detrimental oxidative modifications.
Industrial relevance - PEF treatment and the dry-ageing regimes applied to venison in the present study did not produce excessive oxidative by-products that could compromise product quality. The application of both PEF treatments (HPEF 10 kV, 50 Hz, 5 μs; LPEF 2.5 kV, 50 Hz, 5 μs) could potentially improve the drying of venison with a low risk of increasing oxidation.
Tan's contact and the phase distribution of repulsive Fermi gases: Insights from quantum chromodynamics noise analyses
Creators: name: Drut, J.E.
name: Porter, W.J.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2017

description: Path-integral analyses originally pioneered in the study of the complex-phase problem afflicting lattice calculations of finite-density quantum chromodynamics are generalized to nonrelativistic Fermi gases with repulsive interactions. Using arguments similar to those previously applied to relativistic theories, we show that the analogous problem in nonrelativistic systems manifests itself naturally in Tan's contact as a nontrivial cancellation between terms with varied dependence on extensive thermodynamic quantities. We analyze that case under the assumption of a Gaussian phase distribution, which is supported by our Monte Carlo calculations and perturbative considerations. We further generalize these results to observables other than the contact, as well as to polarized systems and systems with fixed particle number. Our results are quite general in that they apply to repulsive multicomponent fermions, they are independent of dimensionality or trapping potential, and they hold in the ground state as well as at finite temperature.
Control sostenible de los parásitos de los pastos en el ganado ovino y caprino
Creators: name: Werne, Steffen
name: Heckendorn, Felix
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: parásitos intestinales
pequeños rumiantes
lombrices gastrointestinales
estróngilos
agricultura orgánica
antihelmínticos
esparceta

description: La guía técnica muestra cómo se pueden regular de forma sostenible las lombrices gastrointestinales en ovejas y cabras en pastoreo según el estado actual de los conocimientos y cómo se puede retrasar el desarrollo de la resistencia de los parásitos. La guía también aborda las posibilidades y limitaciones de la legumbre forrajera esparceta.
Controlling dispersion forces between small particles with artificially created random light fields
Creators: name: Bruegger, Georges
name: Froufe-Perez, Luis
name: Scheffold, Frank
name: Saenz, Juan Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Appropriate combinations of laser beams can be used to trap and manipulate small particles with "optical tweezers" as well as to induce significant "optical binding" forces between particles. These interaction forces are usually strongly anisotropic depending on the interference landscape of the external fields. This is in contrast with the familiar isotropic, translationally invariant, van der Waals and, in general, Casimir-Lifshitz interactions between neutral bodies arising from random electromagnetic waves generated by equilibrium quantum and thermal fluctuations. Here we show, both theoretically and experimentally, that dispersion forces between small colloidal particles can also be induced and controlled using artificially created fluctuating light fields. Using optical tweezers as gauge, we present experimental evidence for the predicted isotropic attractive interactions between dielectric microspheres induced by laser-generated, random light fields. These light induced interactions open a path towards the control of translationally invariant interactions with tuneable strength and range in colloidal systems.
description: 31 pages, 6 figures
Flamelet modeling of thermo-diffusively unstable hydrogen-air flames
Creators: name: Böttler, Hannes
name: Lulic, Haris
name: Steinhausen, Matthias
name: Wen, Xu
name: Hasse, Christian
name: Scholtissek, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to reduce CO2 emissions, hydrogen combustion has become increasingly relevant for technical applications. In this context, lean H2-air flames show promising features but, among other characteristics, they tend to exhibit thermo-diffusive instabilities. The formation of cellular structures associated with these instabilities leads to an increased flame surface area which further promotes the flame propagation speed, an important reference quantity for design, control, and safe operation of technical combustors. While many studies have addressed the physical phenomena of intrinsic flame instabilities in the past, there is also a demand to predict such flame characteristics with reduced-order models to allow computationally efficient simulations. In this work, a H2-air spherical expanding flame, which exhibits thermo-diffusive instabilities, is studied with flamelet-based modeling approaches both in a-priori and a-posteriori manner. A recently proposed Flamelet/Progress Variable (FPV) model, with a manifold based on unstretched planar flames, and a novel FPV approach, which takes into account a large curvature variation in the tabulated manifold, are compared to detailed chemistry (DC) calculations. First, both FPV approaches are assessed in terms of an a-priori test with the DC reference dataset. Thereafter, the a-posteriori assessment contains two parts: a linear stability analysis of perturbed planar flames and the simulation of the spherical expanding flame. Both FPV models are systematically analyzed considering global and local flame properties in comparison to the DC reference data. It is shown that the new FPV model, incorporating large curvature variations in the manifold, leads to improved predictions for the microstructure of the corrugated flame front and the formation of cellular structures, while global flame properties are reasonably well reproduced by both models.
UNLOCKING THE CHALLENGES AND BENEFITS: TEACHING IDIOMS FOR LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY AND CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING
Creators: name: Mamatova, Shakhnoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article explores the challenges and benefits of teaching idioms in language instruction, focusing on their role in enhancing language proficiency and cultural understanding. Idioms, as figurative expressions deeply rooted in language and culture, present specific hurdles for educators. These challenges include cultural differences, the figurative nature of idioms, variability in usage, non-translatability, and promoting active usage and retention.
Overview of ALICE results
Creators: name: Ortiz, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ALICE detector was designed to study the physics of matter under extreme conditions of high energy density. Different results were reported by the experiment using data from the successful run I of the LHC. The goal of the present work is to present an overview of recent ALICE results. This comprises selected results from several analyses of pp, p-pb and Pb-Pb data at the LHC energies.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, Proceedings of the 10th Latin American Symposium on High Energy Physics
An introduction to the WHO 5th edition 2022 classification of testicular tumours
Creators: name: Berney, Daniel M
name: Cree, Ian
name: Rao, Vishal
name: Moch, Holger
name: Srigley, John R
name: Tsuzuki, Toyonori
name: Amin, Mahul B
name: Comperat, Eva M
name: Hartmann, Arndt
name: Menon, Santosh
name: Netto, George J
name: Rubin, Mark A
name: Turajlic, Samra
name: Raspollini, Maria R
name: Tickoo, Satish K
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: Tumour Biology
Signalling & Oncogenes
Genetics & Genomics
Genome Integrity & Repair
Computational & Systems Biology

description: The 5th edition of the World Health Organisation ‘blue book’ was recently published and includes a comprehensive update on testicular tumours. This builds upon the work of the 4th edition, retaining its structure, and main nomenclature, including the use of the term ‘germ cell neoplasia in situ’ (GCNIS) for the preinvasive lesion of most germ cell tumours and division from those not derived from GCNIS. While there have been important developments in understanding the molecular underpinnings of testicular cancer, this updated classification paradigm and approach remains rooted in morphology. Nomenclature changes include replacement of the term ‘Primitive neuroectodermal Tumour’ by ‘Embryonic Neuroectodermal Tumour’ based on the non-specificity of the former term and to separate these tumours clearly from Ewing sarcoma. Seminoma is placed in a germinoma family of tumours emphasising relation to those tumours at other sites. Criteria for the diagnosis of ‘teratoma with Somatic transformation’ have been modified to not include variable field size assessments. The word ‘carcinoid’ has been changed to ‘Neuroendocrine Tumour’ with most examples in the testis now classified as ‘Prepubertal Type Testicular Neuroendocrine Tumour’. For sex cord stromal tumours, the use of mitotic counts per high power field has been changed to per mm2 for malignancy assessments, and the new entities, ‘Signet Ring stromal Tumour’ and ‘Myoid Gonadal Stromal tumour’, are defined. Well-differentiated papillary mesothelial tumour has now been defined as tumour type with a favourable prognosis. Sertoliform Cystadenoma has been removed as an entity from testicular adnexal tumours and placed with Sertoli cell tumours.
Data files used to determine the effects of chainsaw noise on the activity budgets, calling behaviour and cortisol levels of the northern yellow-cheeked crested gibbon (Nomascus annamensis)
Creators: name: McGrath, Sarah
name: Malone, Nicholas
name: Behie, Alison
Publisher: name: The Australian National University Data Commons
Year: 2023

description: This collection includes the data files that authors used in the statistical program R to determine the impacts of chainsaw noise on the activity budgets, calling behaviour and cortisol levels of the northern yellow-cheeked crested gibbon (Nomascus annamensis) in Veun Sai-Siem Pang National Park, Cambodia. Data was collected during two consecutive dry seasons: Nov 2017–Apr 2018 (study period one) and Nov 2018–Apr 2019 (study period two) on five individuals of a habituated gibbon group (Group A).