cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quasi‐4‐Day Wave: Atmospheric Manifestation of the First Symmetric Rossby Normal Mode of Zonal Wavenumber 2
Creators: name: Yamazaki, Y.
name: Matthias, V.
name: Miyoshi, Y.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2021

description: This paper describes global characteristics of the westward‐propagating planetary wave with a period of ∼4 days and zonal wavenumber 2, here referred to as quasi‐4‐day wave (Q4DW), which is considered to be a manifestation of the (2,1) Rossby normal mode. A climatology of the Q4DW is derived from geopotential height measurements by the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder during August 2004–December 2020. In the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT), amplitude maxima occur at mid latitudes in May and August in the Northern Hemisphere, and in February and November in the Southern Hemisphere. With the amplitude exceeding 300 m, the Q4DW sometimes becomes the dominant mode of traveling planetary waves in the MLT. The seasonal variation is largely determined by the zonal mean state. As predicted by previous modeling work, the amplitude grows rapidly with height on the equatorward side of the critical layer, where the zonal mean flow is weakly eastward relative to the wave. The wave growth can be particularly large when there is a region of unstable mean flow across the boundary of the critical layer. This condition is met not only during the seasonal amplification of the Q4DW but also during some Arctic sudden stratospheric warming events, leading to an unseasonal enhancement.
description: Key Points: Climatology of westward‐propagating quasi‐4‐day wave (Q4DW) with zonal wavenumber 2 is presented. Seasonal amplification is controlled by the critical layer and atmospheric instability. Arctic sudden stratospheric warmings can lead to an unseasonal enhancement of the wave.
description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
description: MEXT, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001691
Anomalous discrete chiral symmetry in the Gross-Neveu model and loop gas simulations
Creators: name: Bär, Oliver
name: Rath, Willi
name: Wolff, Ulli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the discrete chiral transformation of a Majorana fermion on a torus. Depending on the boundary conditions the integration measure can change sign. Taking this anomalous behavior into account we define a chiral order parameter as a ratio of partition functions with differing boundary conditions. Then the lattice realization of the Gross-Neveu model with Wilson fermions is simulated using the recent `worm' technique on the loop gas or all-order hopping representation of the fermions. An algorithm is formulated that includes the Gross-Neveu interaction for N fermion species. The critical line m_c(g) is constructed for a range of couplings at N = 6 and for N = 2, the Thirring model, as examples.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure. Typos corrected and a few sentences improved. To appear in Nucl. Phys. B [FS]
A spectrophotofluorometric method for the quantitative determination of hydrocortisone absorption in the skin from dermatological medications
Creators: name: MacKenzie, Helen May
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The assessment of drug activity in skin is hampered by the lack of adequate methods for quantitative measurement of drug penetration in skin. Therefore, a new method was developed with the following features. The drug, hydrocortisone, chosen for its clinical and pharmaceutical importance, was applied under occlusive dressing for varying time intervals. Small skin samples, which ranged from 0.5 to 20 mg in size, were removed, in vivo, from humans or animals by a new dermatome serial slicing technique. The amount of hydrocortisone absorbed into the epidermis and/or dermis was determined by a new spectrophotofluorometric procedure, based on an older technique described for blood. The tissue levels were then correlated with simultaneously determined skin function measurements. The assay was done at 470 mμ and 525 mμ excitation and emission wavelengths, respectively. Hydrocortisone was extracted from homogenized tissue with dichloromethane. Fluorescence was developed with 85:15 w/w sulphuric acid - ethyl alcohol solution. Hydrocortisone was found in epidermis, but not in dermis. These results confirm current theories on hydrocortisone depot formation in the epidermis. Among the 14 patients examined, the concentration of hydrocortisone in epidermis varied greatly from 20 μg to 358 μg per Gm wet weight of tissue. Exploratory correlations between skin respiration rates, vasoconstriction, and the amount of hydrocortisone in epidermis have been done. The analytical reliability has been discussed.
Youth, mobility and governance on the North West Coast of Tasmania
Creators: name: Gabriel, M
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In this thesis, I examine the combined issues of regional change and regional youth migration. Using a case-study approach, I trace how the phenomenon of regional youth mobility was problematised, managed and experienced by working families and regional communities in the context of market reform and economic restructuring in Australia throughout the 1990s. My study draws directly on the experiences of three major settlements along the North West (NW) Coast of Tasmania (i.e. Ulverstone, Devenport and Burnie); places that endured substantial contraction in investment and employment, as well as an increase in the out-migration of young people, following the national recession of 1991. In contrast to past regional and community research, I incorporate recent theoretical and methodological revisions within sociology into my analysis. In accordance with these revisions, I examine the discursive aspects of regional youth migration, the governmental aspects of regional youth migration, and I focus attention on young people's experiences and social practices. Here I rely on a range of data sources including local media articles, policy documents, local histories, and secondary statistical data. My analysis is also based on interviews I conducted with service providers, regional leaders, parents and young people from the NW Coast. My research draws attention to the spatial, generational and cultural tensions that arise among working families and within industrial communities during periods of economic restructuring. In general, I found that local debates and major policy initiatives on the Coast during the 1990s were characterised by a persistent tension between national and societal expectations that young people should develop themselves in order to 'get ahead' (which in this period meant leaving the Coast), and local and community expectations that young people should 'stay at home' in order to contribute to the future development of the Coast. I also found that young people had adopted a range of strategies to negotiate and reconcile these competing pressures. In regards to sociological knowledge and practice, my research demonstrates some of the advantages of incorporating recent theoretical and methodological revisions within sociology into the regional and community studies agenda. Here I specify a conceptual framework that other community researchers may adopt and adapt in future. This framework calls on researchers to attend to the discursive, governmental and performative aspects of a particular phenomenon, and to practise a style of sociology that steers away from 'universal theorising' and instead is grounded in specific historical contexts and social practices.
The virial theorem and planetary atmospheres
Creators: name: Toth, Viktor T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a version of the virial theorem that is applicable to diatomic planetary atmospheres that are in approximate thermal equilibrium at moderate temperatures and pressures and are sufficiently thin such that the gravitational acceleration can be considered constant. We contrast a pedagogically inclined theoretical presentation with the actual measured properties of air.
description: 5 pages. Accepted for publication in Id\H{o}j\'ar\'as - Quarterly Journal of the Hungarian Meteorological Service (HMS)
Comparison of In Situ and Ex Situ Equilibrium Passive Sampling for Measuring Freely Dissolved Concentrations of Parent and Alkylated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments
Creators: name: Reininghaus, Mathias
name: Parkerton, Thomas F.
name: Witt, Gesine
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Equilibrium passive sampling methods (EPSMs) allow quantification of freely dissolved contaminant concentrations (Cfree) in sediment porewater. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is a convenient sampling polymer that can be equilibrated in field (in situ) or laboratory (ex situ) sediments to determine Cfree, providing reliable compound‐specific PDMS–water partition coefficients (KPDMS‐water) are available. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important class of sediment contaminants comprised of parent and alkylated homologs. However, application of EPSM to alkylated PAHs is challenged by lack of KPDMS‐water measurements. Our first objective was to obtain KPDMS‐water for 9 alkylated PAHs and biphenyls using 3 different PDMS‐coated fibers. Quantitative relationships were then established to define KPDMS‐water for 18 parent and 16 alkyl PAHs included in the US Environmental Protection Agency's sediment quality benchmark method for benthic life protection based on additive toxic units. The second objective was to compare Cfree in porewater obtained using both in situ and ex situ EPSMs at 6 Baltic Sea locations. The results indicated that in situ and ex situ Cfree for alkyl PAHs generally agreed within a factor of 3. Further, all sites exhibited additive toxic units <1, indicating that PAHs pose a low risk to benthos. The results extend practical application of EPSMs for improved risk assessment and derivation of porewater‐based remediation goals for PAH‐contaminated sediments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2169–2179. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Cluster radius and sampling radius in the determination of cluster membership probabilities
Creators: name: Sanchez, Nestor
name: Vicente, Belen
name: Alfaro, Emilio J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dependence of the membership probabilities obtained from kinematical variables on the radius of the field of view around open clusters (the sampling radius, Rs). From simulated data, we show that the best discrimination between cluster members and non-members is obtained when the sampling radius is very close to the cluster radius. At higher Rs values more field stars tend to be erroneously assigned as cluster members. From real data of two open clusters (NGC 2323 and NGC 2311) we obtain that the number of identified cluster members always increases with increasing Rs. However, there is a threshold Rs value above which the identified cluster members are severely contaminated by field stars and the effectiveness of membership determination is relatively small. This optimal sampling radius is \sim 14 arcmin for NGC 2323 and \sim 13 arcmin for NGC 2311. We discuss the reasons for such behavior and the relationship between cluster radius and optimal sampling radius. We suggest that, independently of the method used to estimate membership probabilities, several tests using different sampling radius should be performed in order to evaluate the existence of possible biases.
description: 8 pages (two columns) including 9 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
A pauper establishment is not a jail: Old crawlers in Tasmania 1856-1895
Creators: name: Hargrave, J
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The history of the convict system in Van Diemen's Land records that transportation oficially ceased in 1853. The event was marked by celebration, by a name change of the colony to Tasmania and with a spirit of optimism about the future. The demographic legacy of the convict period has been well documented and the intellectual aftermath analysed. In addition to the intellectual rejection of its past and despite initial optimism about the future the next forty years were marked by the continuation of a de facto convict system in which former prisoners were subjected to treatment akin to that which they would have received under an Imperial government in Van Diemen's Land. The \old crawlers\" were a reminder of the past and the reaction of Tasmanian governments was to reassert the responses of the convict era. This in itself led to some limited conflict in society as these responses clashed with the nascent liberalism of the 1880s. However even at this time the issues of an inappropriate and outdated system of social supports was not cause for great concern amongst the new liberals. The reaction in the 1870s and 1880s was led by old style anti-transportationists advancing humanitarian arguments and objecting to the continuation of a convict system. This response did not succeed in significantly altering the nature of the support system. Change did not occur until after the demise of the majority of the ex-convicts and their wardens in the 1890s. There was therefore at the end of the nineteenth Century a well established system of assistance for aged paupers which was based on social control institutional care and the legacy of convictism. Research into this area was made more difficult by the incomplete nature of the records of both the benevolent organisations and the Administator of Charitable Grants. This may be explained by an entry in the Minute book of the Hobart Benevolent Society for 20 November 1879. It is noted that \"some papers have been purloined from the Depot that were never intended to be made public.\" As a consequence of this the Hobart Benevolent Society resolved to destroy all records of invalids more than two years old. The adoption of a similar standard by other agencies could explain the gaps in existing records. These gaps however are not so great that they detract significantly from the understanding of the situation of aged paupers in late nineteenth Century Tasmania."
The Writing of Community By-Laws and Constitutions in Melanesia: Who? Why? Where? How?
Creators: name: Forsyth, Miranda
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University
Year: 2014

description: This In Brief explores a persistent, and perhaps intensifying, trend in parts of Melanesia for communities to write down their own rules and regulations in the form of what are called community laws, by-laws, constitutions or even ordinances.
Fluctuation Ratios in the Absence of Microscopic Time Reversibility
Creators: name: Dorosz, Sven
name: Pleimling, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study fluctuations in diffusion-limited reaction systems driven out of their stationary state. Using a numerically exact method, we investigate fluctuation ratios in various systems which differ by their level of violation of microscopic time reversibility. Studying a quantity that for an equilibrium system is related to the work done to the system, we observe that under certain conditions oscillations appear on top of an exponential behavior of transient fluctuation ratios. We argue that these oscillations encode properties of the probability currents in state space.
description: 4 figures, to appear in Physical Review E as a Rapid Communication
Nuclear magnetism and electron order in interacting one-dimensional conductors
Creators: name: Braunecker, Bernd
name: Simon, Pascal
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction between localized magnetic moments and the electrons of a one-dimensional conductor can lead to an ordered phase in which the magnetic moments and the electrons are tightly bound to each other. We show here that this occurs when a lattice of nuclear spins is embedded in a Luttinger liquid. Experimentally available examples of such a system are single wall carbon nanotubes grown entirely from 13C and GaAs-based quantum wires. In these systems the hyperfine interaction between the nuclear spin and the conduction electron spin is very weak, yet it triggers a strong feedback reaction that results in an ordered phase consisting of a nuclear helimagnet that is inseparably bound to an electronic density wave combining charge and spin degrees of freedom. This effect can be interpreted as a strong renormalization of the nuclear Overhauser field and is a unique signature of Luttinger liquid physics. Through the feedback the order persists up into the millikelvin range. A particular signature is the reduction of the electric conductance by the universal factor 2.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures; Sec. II contains a 2+ pages summary giving a complete overview to the main conditions and results; v3: updated references, typos corrected
Development of an Alternative Test System for Chronic Testing of Lotic Macroinvertebrate Species: A Case Study with the Insecticide Imidacloprid
Creators: name: Brüggemann, Maria
name: Hund‐Rinke, Kerstin
name: Böhmer, Walter
name: Schaefers, Christoph
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2021

description: There are currently few suitable test systems for the chronic toxicity testing of aquatic macroinvertebrates under stream conditions. Therefore, a new test system mimicking running water conditions was developed for testing with lotic insects. This system uses small test cages, with 10 of these suspended inside each 25‐L container and rotating at 0.1 m/s, to create a water flow for the individual organism inside each cage. To test the performance of the new exposure system, chronic effects (21 d) of the neonicotinoid imidacloprid were investigated with field‐collected larvae of the stonefly Protonemura sp. Endpoints were survival, growth, and/or emergence (depending on the developmental stage of the larvae at the start of the exposure). Two experiments conducted 1 yr apart showed good reproducibility: growth 10% effect concentration (EC10) values were 15.3 and 18.5 μg/L and no‐observed‐effect concentration (NOEC) values were 30.3 and 21.5 μg/L. A third experiment, performed with further‐developed larval instars, showed a significant effect of imidacloprid on emergence (with EC10 of 5.97 μg/L and NOEC of 2.89 μg/L) and a significant effect on survival (with median lethal concentration of 44.7 µg/L). The results of the present study show that the newly developed test system provides a suitable approach for toxicity testing with stonefly larvae and potentially for other lotic macroinvertebrate species. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2229–2239. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Spiky strings in Bethe Ansatz at strong coupling
Creators: name: Kruczenski, M.
name: Tirziu, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spiky string solutions in AdS3 x S1 that are characterized by two spins S,J as well as winding m in S1 and spike number n. We construct explicitly two-cut solutions by using the SL(2) asymptotic Bethe Ansatz equations at leading order in strong coupling. Unlike the folded spinning string, these solutions have asymmetric distributions of Bethe roots. The solutions match the known spiky string classical results obtained directly from string theory for arbitrary semiclassical parameters, including J=0 and any value of S, namely short and long strings. At large spins and winding number the string touches the boundary, and we find a new scaling limit with the energy given as E-S = n /2/ pi sqrt[1+ 4 pi^2/n^2 (J^2/ln^2 S + m^2/ln^2 S)] ln S. This is a generalization of the known scaling for the folded spinning string.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor changes
Low-dimensional Topology
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: The workshop brought together experts from across all areas of low-dimensional topology, including knot theory, mapping class groups, three-manifolds and four-manifolds. In addition to the standard research talks we had five survey talks by Burton, Minsky, Powell, Reid, and Roberts leading to discussions of open problems. Furthermore we had three sessions of five-minute talks by a total of thirty-five participants.
Fast Inversion Method for Determination of Planetary Parameters from Transit Timing Variations
Creators: name: Nesvorny, David
name: Beauge, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Transit Timing Variation (TTV) method relies on monitoring changes in timing of transits of known exoplanets. Non-transiting planets in the system can be inferred from TTVs by their gravitational interaction with the transiting planet. The TTV method is sensitive to low-mass planets that cannot be detected by other means. Here we describe a fast algorithm that can be used to determine the mass and orbit of the non-transiting planets from the TTV data. We apply our code, ttvim.f, to a wide variety of planetary systems to test the uniqueness of the TTV inversion problem and its dependence on the precision of TTV observations. We find that planetary parameters, including the mass and mutual orbital inclination of planets, can be determined from the TTV datasets that should become available in near future. Unlike the radial velocity technique, the TTV method can therefore be used to characterize the inclination distribution of multi-planet systems.
Some effects of water table, pH, and ammonium and nitrate nitrogen upon the growth and composition of highbush blueberry
Creators: name: Herath, Herath Mudiyanselage Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Frequent drainage and aeration problems occur in blueberry plantings on acid peats (pH 3.0 to pH 4.2) of British Columbia during a part of the growing season. The effect of waterlogging, pH, and form of N were studied under greenhouse conditions. Using one year old plants of Bluecrop blueberry, a split plot design was employed with two water tables for main plots and a factorial combination of 4 pH levels and 3 levels each of ammonium and nitrate N (20, 40, and 60 lbs. N/acre). An unfertilized check treatment was also included as a treatment. Growth records and leaf analysis showed that poor aeration under waterlogged conditions exhibited characters symptomatic of poor nutrition. Sparse leaf growth, smaller leaves with severe yellowing and premature leaf abscission were observed in the high water table treatments. Leaf analysis revealed highly significant differences in foliar N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe levels. There was also a greater growth response to ammonium N and nitrate N. Higher levels of nitrate N (40, and 60 lbs. N/acre) caused severe leaf scorch. Although higher levels of ammonium N (40, and 60 lbs. N/acre) gave better growth response, growth was prolonged and fall leaf drop and wood maturation were delayed. Plants receiving 60 lbs. N/acre as ammonium N showed symptoms of dieback in the following spring. Although pH had very little effect on leaf nutrient composition, growth appeared to be better at a pH level of around 4.2.
Ageing and the Pay-as-you-go (PAYG) Pension System's Asset-liability (Mis)Matching
Creators: name: Banyár, József
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Economics

description: The study present how in the late 1930s-1940s a new, modern pension system was introduced in America without any theoretical basis, as a kind of arbitrary mix of existing pension systems, to replace the by then non-functioning "traditional pension system" in which working children maintained their ageing parents in exchange for having been raised. Later, in 1958, they found an ideology for the system, "solidarity between generations," but this didn't fit in with the system's economic foundations, with the fact that the modern, pay-as-you-go pension system distributes the profits of raising children amongst the older generation regardless of how much people have contributed to it. This made raising children unprofitable, which provided a strong incentive to avoid it, thus launching the ageing process. Moreover, the modern pension system, also as a result of ageing, is making increasingly large and uncovered promises to the retired generation. The system may be repaired by matching the asset (raising children) side to the liabilities (pension promise) side, for example, by only promising a pension to those who have contributed to the system (through raising children or accumulating savings), and only to the extent of that contribution. Contribution payments are an obligation, the repayment of the cost of people's upbringing, with relation to which no pension is automatically due. By doing so, the 3rd pillar of the modern pension system will also have been capitalized using a special kind of capital: human capital.
The reality of environmental regulation
Creators: name: Pearce, NS
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: As part of the Tasmanian forestry industry, Forestry Tasmania (FT) (a Government Business Enterprise) operates under a system of environmental regulation incorporating co-regulation coupled with self-management mechanisms. For over 30 years environmental regulation of the Tasmanian forest industry has been shadowed by both controversy and continuing calls for scrutiny. Embedded in this shadow are concerns relating to; the ability of the current regulatory system to adequately regulate and prevent environmental harm; close ties between regulators, industry, and government; and possible undue economic influence imposed on regulators. The objective of this thesis is to uncover the 'black box' of regulatory literature by providing a detailed examination of forestry regulation as related to the Government Business Enterprise, FT. This examination documents the systems and structures in place and extends further to look at the reality of such regulation. This thesis draws on information from a number of sources including discussions with individuals at a senior level within FT and the regulatory agency (Forest Practices Authority) as well as interviews with a number of Forest Practices Officers (FPOs) as a form of ground level regulation within FT. In addition public sources of information including Hansard and High Court Judgements are used.
Averaging Robertson-Walker Cosmologies
Creators: name: Brown, Iain A.
name: Robbers, Georg
name: Behrend, Juliane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological backreaction arises when one directly averages the Einstein equations to recover an effective Robertson-Walker cosmology, rather than assuming a background a priori. While usually discussed in the context of dark energy, strictly speaking any cosmological model should be recovered from such a procedure. We apply the Buchert averaging formalism to linear Robertson-Walker universes containing matter, radiation and dark energy and evaluate numerically the discrepancies between the assumed and the averaged behaviour, finding the largest deviations for an Einstein-de Sitter universe, increasing rapidly with Hubble rate to a 0.01% effect for h=0.701. For the LCDM concordance model, the backreaction is of the order of Omega_eff~4x10^-6, with those for dark energy models being within a factor of two or three. The impacts at recombination are of the order of 10^-8 and those in deep radiation domination asymptote to a constant value. While the effective equations of state of the backreactions in Einstein-de Sitter, concordance and quintessence models are generally dust-like, a backreaction with an equation of state w_eff
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, ReVTeX. Updated to version accepted by JCAP
Foucault's ethic of power: Subjects, politics and the critical attitude
Creators: name: Healy, FB
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Michel Foucault's later work contains the foundations of an 'ethic of power.' This ethic, I suggest, provides an alternative approach to the question of what it means to 'resist' power. 'Relations of power' for Foucault describes an inalienable feature of social interaction. This account continues to cause debate among scholars with diverging views about its critical and political implications. In addressing these concerns I make the point that many of Foucault's critics assume certain interpretations of terms such as 'power' and 'freedom' that locate these criticisms in the very traditions Foucault was attempting to overcome. Consequently, their evaluation of Foucault's critical and political contributions are made from within these same traditions. Re-reading these concepts in light of his later work on 'government' and on ancient ethics requires a renewed approach to understanding a Foucaultian concept of politics. In turn, this requires a re-thinking of the relationship of ethics to politics and the nature of the political field itself. In disassociating political power from the state, Foucault disrupts the usual alignment between the public and political spheres. By arguing that power relations extend throughout society, Foucault posits the political field as co-extensive with networks of power relations. The subject thus emerges as a constitutive element of the political field. In this way, Foucault posits aesthetic practices of self-stylisation firmly in the domain of politics. In this way, the constitution of the subject takes its place as an integral part of Foucault's idea of politics. In light of these points, I argue that in understanding what Foucault means by 'resistance' we should look to his account of the 'critical attitude'‚ÄövÑvÆthe right to qualified refusal of forms of government. This is not to say that resistance to power is limited to this refusal, but that the latter founds resistance to power. As such, an ethic of power would not describe how to exercise power, nor would it determine some exercises of power as 'good' and others as 'bad.' Rather, it would be an ethic that governs how we constitute ourselves as ethical subjects, in relation to ourselves and in relation to others, following the recognition that we are each subjects of, and subject to, power.
Linking the Dissolved and Particulate Domain of Organic Carbon in Inland Waters
Creators: name: Lau, Maximilian P.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2021

description: Organic carbon (OC) in inland waters is found in either dissolved or particulate states, each contributing differently to carbon cycling through state‐specific forms of transport, processing, and mineralization. Degradation of macroscopic organic material into solutes is the most common transition between these states, yet there is also the potential for dissolved organic carbon to aggregate and form particles. This latter process at the soil‐stream interface is subject of a new study by Einarsdóttir et al. (2020, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005654) published in this issue. Their findings advance the understanding of the links between the dissolved and the particulate domain of OC with possible implication for long‐term OC burial and ecosystem functioning of inland waters.
description: Plain Language Summary: Lakes and rivers are influenced by their surrounding landscape: Dead biomass releases water‐soluble, organic substances that can be washed into surface waters. There, the organic substances are either removed by microorganisms or sunlight, or transported to the oceans. Under some conditions, water‐soluble substances stick together and form particles. Particles are no longer transported and sink to the bottom of lakes and rivers, where they can remain for a long time. Recent research, some of it featured in this issue of Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, describes how the organic particles are formed. The involved mechanisms influence the important role of lakes and rivers in the global cycle of carbon.
description: Key Points: Dissolved organic carbon is the dominant form of biomass in inland waters but various processes trigger its aggregation to particles. The role of organic particles in the global carbon cycle is discussed in context of a recent manuscript published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences.
Effect of three rations on blood metabolites in pregnant ewes
Creators: name: Ross, James Pelter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The feeding of three different rations varying mainly in crude fat and crude fiber level at a high level of intake to pregnant and non-pregnant ewes had a number of effects on blood glucose, lactic acid, acetone plus acetoacetate, and total volatile fatty acid concentrations during the last three months of gestation for the pregnant animals (February, March, and April). There was no significant effect due to time on blood glucose level or on the level of blood ketone bodies, during the latter stages of pregnancy, for animals consuming high, medium or low roughage rations. The intramuscular injection of 1 mg./kg. body weight of growth hormone into pregnant sheep for 7 days during the last month of pregnancy, caused no significant effects on blood glucose, lactic acid, acetone plus acetoacetate, or total volatile fatty acids concentrations.
The Search for a Realistic String Model at LHC
Creators: name: Maxin, James A.
name: Mayes, Van E.
name: Nanopoulos, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We survey the low-energy supersymmetry phenomenology of a three-family Pati-Salam model constructed from intersecting D6-branes in Type IIA string theory on the T^6/(Z_2 x Z_2) orientifold which possesses many of the phenomenological properties desired in string model-building. In the model, there is no exotic matter in the low-energy spectrum, the correct mass hierarchies for quarks and leptons may be obtained, and the gauge couplings are automatically unified at the string scale. We calculate the supersymmetry breaking soft terms and the corresponding low-energy supersymmetry particle spectra for the model. We find the WMAP constrained dark matter density can be generated in this model in the stau-neutralino and chargino-neutralino coannihilation regions, with expected final states at LHC consisting of low energy leptons and O(GeV) neutrinos. Moreover, we expect final states in the supercritical string cosmology (SSC) scenario to comprise high energy leptons and O(GeV) neutrinos.
description: 35 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
Housing as a Challenge for the Ageing Population: The Case of Poland
Creators: name: Cieśla, Agnieszka
name: Cieśla, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120503 Housing Markets, Development, Management
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: This chapter aims at describing the role of housing in the ageing population, on the example of Poland, which is one the fastest ageing country in the world. This issue is significant because housing well suited to the needs of older people means lower expenses in medical and social care. Seniors living in proper conditions remain not only longer healthy, but they may also stay longer active in the labor market. Housing adoption to the needs of an older population means a particular challenge for Poland, where the majority of the housing stock was created in socialism and is inhabited by large by older people. It is crucial to raise awareness of age-friendly housing among the seniors, their relatives, architects, and policymakers. This purpose serves the first model apartment for seniors in Poland, which was created by the chapter's authors.
title: Effective Notification Campaigns on the Web: A Matter of Trust, Framing, and Support
Creators: name: Maass, Max
name: Stöver, Alina
name: Pridöhl, Henning
name: Bretthauer, Sebastian
name: Herrmann, Dominik
name: Hollick, Matthias
name: Spiecker, Indra
Publisher: name: USENIX Association
Year: 2022

description: Misconfigurations and outdated software are a major cause of compromised websites and data leaks. Past research has proposed and evaluated sending automated security notifications to the operators of misconfigured websites, but encountered issues with reachability, mistrust, and a perceived lack of importance. In this paper, we seek to understand the determinants of effective notifications. We identify a data protection misconfiguration that affects 12.7 % of the 1.3 million websites we scanned and opens them up to legal liability. Using a subset of 4754 websites, we conduct a multivariate randomized controlled notification experiment, evaluating contact medium, sender, and framing of the message. We also include a link to a public web-based self-service tool that is run by us in disguise and conduct an anonymous survey of the notified website owners (N=477) to understand their perspective. We find that framing a misconfiguration as a problem of legal compliance can increase remediation rates, especially when the notification is sent as a letter from a legal research group, achieving remediation rates of 76.3 % compared to 33.9 % for emails sent by computer science researchers warning about a privacy issue. Across all groups, 56.6 % of notified owners remediated the issue, compared to 9.2 % in the control group. In conclusion, we present factors that lead website owners to trust a notification, show what framing of the notification brings them into action, and how they can be supported in remediating the issue.
Nuclear symmetry energy: An experimental overview
Creators: name: Shetty, D. V.
name: Yennello, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear symmetry energy is a fundamental quantity important for studying the structure of systems as diverse as the atomic nucleus and the neutron star. Considerable efforts are being made to experimentally extract the symmetry energy and its dependence on nuclear density and temperature. In this article, we review experimental studies carried out up-to-date and their current status.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, talk presented at the International Symposium in Nuclear Physics, Mumbai, India, Dec. 2009. Added few more references. Minor correction in Reference
Bacterial and archaeal lipids trace chemo(auto)trophy along the redoxcline in Vancouver Island fjords
Creators: name: Kusch, Stephanie
name: Wakeham, Stuart G.
name: Dildar, Nadia
name: Zhu, Chun
name: Sepúlveda, Julio
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2021

description: Abstract Marine oxygen minimum zones play a crucial role in the global oceanic carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles as they harbor microbial communities that are adapted to the water column chemistry and redox zonation, and in turn control the water column chemistry and greenhouse gas release. These micro‐organisms have metabolisms that rely on terminal electron acceptors other than O2 and often benefit from syntrophic relationships (metabolic coupling). Here, we study chemo(auto)trophy along the redoxcline in two stratified fjords on Vancouver Island (Canada) using bacterial bacteriohopanepolyols and archaeal ether lipids. We analyze the distribution of these lipid classes in suspended particulate matter (SPM) to trace ammonia oxidation, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), sulfate reduction/sulfur oxidation, methanogenesis, and methane oxidation, and investigate ecological niches to evaluate potential links between their respective bacterial and archaeal sources. Our results show an unparalleled BHP and ether lipid structural diversity that allows tracing the major redox‐driven metabolic processes at the time of sampling: Both fjords are dominated by archaeal ammonia oxidation and anammox; sulfate‐reducing bacteria may be present in Deer Bay, but absent from Effingham Inlet; methanogenic Euryarchaeota and archaeal and bacterial methanotrophs are detectable at low abundance. Correlation analysis reveals distinct biomarker clusters that provide constraints on the biogeochemical niches of some orphan BHP and ether lipids such as in situ‐produced adenosyl‐BHPs or unsaturated archaeols.
description: Universität zu Köln http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008001
description: University of Colorado Boulder http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007493
description: INSTAAR
description: US National Science Foundation Chemical Oceanography Program http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
Kinetics of the helix-coil transition
Creators: name: Allahverdyan, Armen E.
name: Gevorkian, Sasun G.
name: Simonian, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Based on the Zimm-Bragg model we study cooperative helix-coil transition driven by a finite-speed change of temperature. There is an asymmetry between the coil-to-helix and helix-to-coil transition: the latter is displayed already for finite speeds, and takes shorter time than the former. This hysteresis effect has been observed experimentally, and it is explained here via quantifying system's stability in the vicinity of the critical temperature. A finite-speed cooling induces a non-equilibrium helical phase with the correlation length larger than in equilibrium. In this phase the characteristic length of the coiled domain and the non-equilibrium specific heat can display an anomalous response to temperature changes. Several pertinent experimental results on the kinetics helical biopolymers are discussed in detail.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Glycosylation analysis of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies
Creators: name: Mauko, L
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Pharmaceutical glycoproteins are one of the fastest growing therapeutic areas and glycosylation plays an important role in biological activity of the drugs. Most of the currently used therapeutic glycoproteins are expressed in non-human systems, often producing glycosylation patterns which can reduce the effectiveness and stability of the drugs or cause immune responses in patients. Due to the structural complexity of glycans, glycosylation analysis remains extremely challenging and frequently employs multiple separation and mass spectrometry based approaches. The standard approach for glycan profiling currently used in the pharmaceutical industry includes fluorescent labelling of enzymatically-released glycans and separation with hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) coupled with fluorescence detection to achieve appropriate chromatographic resolution, sensitivity and relative quantification. In this study, new methods employing zwitterionic-type HILIC (ZIC-HILIC) for the separation of 2-aminobenzamide (2-AB) labelled and reduced glycans from therapeutic monoclonal antibodies were developed. By using the new approach, the time of a chromatographic run was reduced compared to the standard method and the new proposed methods were suitable for on-line coupling with electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry detection (ESI-MS). Furthermore, it was demonstrated that by using ZIC-HILIC, fluorescent labelling was not required which significantly simplified the sample preparation. To improve ESI-MS sensitivity of reduced glycans, the system was further downscaled employing nano ZIC-HILIC, which enabled the detection of minor glycan species. It was shown that coupling with high resolution MS provides information on glycan composition; however, due to high numbers of possible isobaric species, the confirmation of structures generally requires separation of glycans in combination with exoglycosidase digestions and tandem MS based approaches. The HILIC analytical approaches were additionally compared to an orthogonal porous graphitized carbon (PGC) separation of reduced glycans coupled with ESI-MS. PGC exhibited excellent capability for the separation of isobaric glycan species and better sensitivity compared to HILIC. It was demonstrated that PGC is highly suitable for analysis of extremely complex glycan samples and the method was employed for structural characterisation of glycan species found in monoclonal antibodies. Since the PGC ESI-MS method resulted mainly in formation of protonated glycan species, the MS/MS spectra provided only limited structural information. On the other hand, exoglycosidase digestions enabled detailed characterisation of glycans from monoclonal antibodies. It was shown that multiple analytical approaches are generally required to obtain a complete glycan profile of a given glycoprotein.
Sensitivity of Water Balance in the Qaidam Basin to the Mid‐Pliocene Climate
Creators: name: Wang, Xun
name: Schmidt, Benjamin
name: Otto, Marco
name: Ehlers, Todd A.
name: Mutz, Sebastian G.
name: Botsyun, Svetlana
name: Scherer, Dieter
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2021

description: The Qaidam Basin (QB) in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau held a megalake system during the Pliocene. Today, the lower elevations in the basin are hyperarid. To understand to what extent the climate plays a role in the maintenance of the megalake system during the Pliocene, we applied the Weather Research and Forecasting model for dynamical downscaling of ECHAM5 global climate simulations for the present day and the mid‐Pliocene. When imposing the mid‐Pliocene climate on the QB with its modern land surface settings, the annual water balance (ΔS), that is, the change in terrestrial water storage within the QB, increases. This positive imbalance of ΔS induced solely by the changes in the large‐scale climate state would lead to a readjustment of lake extent, until a new equilibrium state is reached, where loss due to evaporation over lake areas compensates for the input by runoff and precipitation. Atmospheric water transport (AWT) analysis at each border of the QB reveals that this imbalance of ΔS is caused by stronger moisture influx across the western border in winter, spring, and autumn and weaker moisture out‐flux across the eastern border in summer. These changes in AWT are associated with the strengthening of the midlatitude westerlies in all seasons, except for summer, and the intensification of the East Asian Summer Monsoon. Given that the mid‐Pliocene climate is an analog to the projected warm climate of the near future, our study contributes to a better understanding of climate change impacts in central Asia.
description: Key Points: ECHAM5 global climate simulations for the present day and the mid‐Pliocene were dynamically downscaled over the Qaidam Basin (QB). Results show a positive imbalance in water balance when the mid‐Pliocene climate is imposed on the QB with its modern surface settings. This imbalance in water balance is closely associated with changes in the midlatitude westerlies and in the East Asian Summer Monsoon.
description: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
description: Technische Universität Berlin