cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Advanced Fault Detection for PV Plants: An Enhanced Adimensional Approach
Creators: name: Barone, V.
name: Guastella, S.
name: Maugeri, G.
name: Bertani, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Systems and Storage – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Operation, Performance and Maintenance of PV Systems

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1560-1562
description: An Advanced Failure Detection (AFD) routine for Photovoltaic (PV) systems can lead to precise and well-timed maintenance activities. It can also increase the energy yield and reduce the efforts to manage the operations of the PV system itself. However, to be economically competitive, a Failure Detection (FD) routine must be able to spot failures using as fewer extra components as possible and it should be easily adaptable to any PV systems without requiring particular customization that depends on the characteristics of the monitored PV plant. In this framework, the developed approach for FD operates on an adimensional dataset obtained by set of data that are acquired directly from the SCADA system. The approach classifies working points into cluster boxes, each representing different operational or failure conditions. Based on a set of thresholds, the method allows for a rapid classification of the working points. The resulting “density” of each cluster represents the weight used to determine the status of the plant. Preliminary test on PV strings gave positive results, highlighting the characteristics of the Failure Detection routine: fast, delocalized, scalable and profitable.
IPVF’s PV Technology Vision for 2030
Creators: name: Oberbeck, L.
name: Alvino, K.
name: Goraya, B.
name: Jubault, M.
name: Lincot, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Finance, Markets and Policies
Costs, Economics, Finance and Markets

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1950-1954
description: Photovoltaic (PV) systems have reached annual installation volumes of >100 GW and a cumulative installation volume of >500 GW. This market is dominated by crystalline silicon (c-Si) technologies that have seen a tremendous cost reduction in recent years and a significant increase in power conversion efficiency (PCE), making the technology competitive on a basis of levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) in many regions of the world. However, while the practical efficiency limit for c-Si might be reached in the coming years, a technology permitting PCEs of 30% or higher will be esential to further reduce the cost of PV systems. We estimate that industrial c-Si PV modules may reach a price level of about 15 c$/W in 2030 at a PCE of 22-24%, with an expected lifetime of 30 years and an annual degradation of 0.5%. To overcome the PCE limit of c-Si modules in production, perovskite on c-Si tandem modules currently seem to be the most promising candidate. For commercial relevance, it is expected that tandem cell and module efficiencies need to be further increased to reach ca. 30% module PCE, and that such modules need to match lifetime and degradation rate of c-Si modules.
Observation of the spin-based plasmonic effect in nanoscale structures
Creators: name: Gorodetski, Y.
name: Niv, A.
name: Kleiner, V.
name: Hasman, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observation of surface-plasmon phenomena that are dependent upon the handedness of the circularly polarized incident light (spin) is presented. The polarization-dependent near-field intensity distribution obtained in our experiment is attributed to the presence of a geometric phase arising from the interaction of light with an anisotropic and inhomogeneous nanoscale structure. A near-field vortex surface mode with a spin-dependent topological charge was obtained in a plasmonic microcavity. The remarkable phenomenon of polarization-sensitive focusing in a plasmonic structure was also demonstrated.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Gauge invariant metric fluctuations in the early universe from STM theory of gravity: nonperturbative formalism
Creators: name: Anabitarte, Mariano
name: Bellini, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a nonperturbative quantum field formalism to describe scalar gauge-invariant metric flucturations in the early universe from a 5D apparent (Ricci flat) vacuum.
description: version accepted in Physics Letters B
Enhancement of the Gilbert damping constant due to spin pumping in noncollinear ferromagnet/nonmagnet/ferromagnet trilayer systems
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Tomohiro
name: Imamura, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyzed the enhancement of the Gilbert damping constant due to spin pumping in non-collinear ferromagnet / non-magnet / ferromagnet trilayer systems. We show that the Gilbert damping constant depends both on the precession angle of the magnetization of the free layer and on the direction of the magntization of the fixed layer. We find the condition to be satisfied to realize strong enhancement of the Gilbert damping constant.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Music perception and speech intelligibility in noise performance by Italian-speaking cochlear implant users.
Creators: name: Dincer D'Alessandro, Hilal
name: Boyle, Patrick J
name: Portanova, Ginevra
name: Mancini, Patrizia
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cochlear implant
Speech Perception
Music Perception
Speech Intelligibility In Noise

description: Funder: Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza
description: OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to investigate the performance correlations between music perception and speech intelligibility in noise by Italian-speaking cochlear implant (CI) users. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty postlingually deafened adults with unilateral CIs (mean age 65 years, range 46-92 years) were tested with a music quality questionnaire using three passages of music from Classical Music, Jazz, and Soul. Speech recognition in noise was assessed using two newly developed adaptive tests in Italian: The Sentence Test with Adaptive Randomized Roving levels (STARR) and Matrix tests. RESULTS: Median quality ratings for Classical, Jazz and Soul music were 63%, 58% and 58%, respectively. Median SRTs for the STARR and Matrix tests were 14.3 dB and 7.6 dB, respectively. STARR performance was significantly correlated with Classical music ratings (rs = - 0.49, p = 0.029), whereas Matrix performance was significantly correlated with both Classical (rs = - 0.48, p = 0.031) and Jazz music ratings (rs = - 0.56, p = 0.011). CONCLUSION: Speech with competitive noise and music are naturally present in everyday listening environments. Recent speech perception tests based on an adaptive paradigm and sentence materials in relation with music quality measures might be representative of everyday performance in CI users. The present data contribute to cross-language studies and suggest that improving music perception in CI users may yield everyday benefit in speech perception in noise and may hence enhance the quality of listening for CI users.
Oscillating Universe from inhomogeneous EoS and coupled dark energy
Creators: name: Sáez-Gómez, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An occurrence of an oscillating Universe is showed using an inhomogeneous equation of state for dark energy fluid. The Hubble parameter described presents a periodic behavior such that early and late time acceleration are unified under the same mechanism. Also, it is considered a coupling between dark energy fluid, with homogeneous and constant EoS, and matter, that gives a periodic Universe too. The possible phantom phases and future singularities are studied in the oscillating Universe under discussion. The equivalent scalar-tensor representation for the same oscillating Universe is presented too.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures; added references
Deposition of Tin Monosulphide Thin Films by Successive Layer Adsorption and Reaction Method
Creators: name: Elisha, A
name: Aparna, N.
name: Amrita, K.T.
name: Mathew, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 68-70
description: Tin monosulphide is a promising material in photovoltaic research. A room temperature, short duration deposition of tin monosulphide thin films is presented in this paper. A modified chemical method named successive layer adsorption and reaction method was used. The method is relatively new, effitient, cost effective and less investigated. The films were grown on glass substrate using tin chloride as tin source and sodium sulphide as sulphur source. We optimized the conditions to obtain SnS thin film at room temperature. From X-ray diffraction analysis, polycrystalline nature of the SnS films with orthorhombic structure is confirmed. Good surface morphology was suggested from scanning electron microscope studies. The optical band gap was obtained as 1.7 eV. Electrical study indicated resistance in the Mega Ohm range.
Semiclassical Theory of Time-Reversal Focusing
Creators: name: Calvo, Hernan L.
name: Jalabert, Rodolfo A.
name: Pastawski, Horacio M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time reversal mirrors have been successfully implemented for various kinds of waves propagating in complex media. In particular, acoustic waves in chaotic cavities exhibit a refocalization that is extremely robust against external perturbations or the partial use of the available information. We develop a semiclassical approach in order to quantitatively describe the refocusing signal resulting from an initially localized wave-packet. The time-dependent reconstructed signal grows linearly with the temporal window of injection, in agreement with the acoustic experiments, and reaches the same spatial extension of the original wave-packet. We explain the crucial role played by the chaotic dynamics for the reconstruction of the signal and its stability against external perturbations.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
New functionalism and the social and behavioral sciences
Creators: name: Beck, Lukas
name: Grayot, James D
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Paper in General Philosophy of Science
Functionalism
Mechanism
Model-based explanations
Choice-theory

description: AbstractFunctionalism about kinds is still the dominant style of thought in the special sciences, like economics, psychology, and biology. Generally construed, functionalism is the view that states or processes can be individuated based on what role they play rather than what they are constituted of or realized by. Recently, Weiskopf (2011a, 2011b) has posited a reformulation of functionalism on the model-based approach to explanation. We refer to this reformulation as ‘new functionalism’. In this paper, we seek to defend new functionalism and to recast it in light of the concrete explanatory aims of the special sciences. In particular, we argue that the assessment of the explanatory legitimacy of a functional kind needs to take into account the explanatory purpose of the model in which the functional kind is employed. We aim at demonstrating this by appealing to model-based explanations from the social and behavioral sciences. Specifically, we focus on preferences and signals as functional kinds. Our argument is intended to have the double impact of deflecting criticisms against new functionalism from the perspective of mechanistic decomposition while also expanding the scope of new functionalism to encompass the social and behavioral sciences.
LPCVD In-Situ n-Type Doped Polysilicon Process Throughput Optimization and Implementation into an Industrial Solar Cell Process Flow
Creators: name: Naber, R.C.G.
name: Van De Loo, B.W.H.
name: Luchies, J.R.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 180-183
description: We present our results on obtaining a higher throughput for an LPCVD polysilicon process that incorporates both in-situ tunnel oxide formation and in-situ n-type doping and demonstrate the application of the layers with lifetime and solar cell experiments. In-situ n-type doping can enable a simplification of solar cell production processes but the process throughput can be limited by layer thickness and doping uniformity issues. In this work we demonstrate that it is possible to enhance the deposition rate without compromising the uniformity by controlling the process conditions in a precise way. Layers made with such an enhanced throughput have a high dopant concentration of ~2E20 cm-3 that is suitable for contacting and they show an excellent passivation performance on lifetime samples with an average J0 down to 2.3 fA·cm-2 per side. We also developed a TOPCon solar cell process flow that incorporates the developed in-situ doped polysilicon process. Our best result so far was a VOC and efficiency of 685 mV and 22.2%, respectively, as obtained by fire-through contact metallization with a 5-busbar design.
Computational strategies to include protein flexibility in Ligand Docking and Virtual Screening
Creators: name: Buonfiglio, Rosa <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: CHIM/08 Chimica farmaceutica

description: The dynamic character of proteins strongly influences biomolecular recognition mechanisms. With the development of the main models of ligand recognition (lock-and-key, induced fit, conformational selection theories), the role of protein plasticity has become increasingly relevant. In particular, major structural changes concerning large deviations of protein backbones, and slight movements such as side chain rotations are now carefully considered in drug discovery and development. It is of great interest to identify multiple protein conformations as preliminary step in a screening campaign. Protein flexibility has been widely investigated, in terms of both local and global motions, in two diverse biological systems. On one side, Replica Exchange Molecular Dynamics has been exploited as enhanced sampling method to collect multiple conformations of Lactate Dehydrogenase A (LDHA), an emerging anticancer target. The aim of this project was the development of an Ensemble-based Virtual Screening protocol, in order to find novel potent inhibitors. On the other side, a preliminary study concerning the local flexibility of Opioid Receptors has been carried out through ALiBERO approach, an iterative method based on Elastic Network-Normal Mode Analysis and Monte Carlo sampling. Comparison of the Virtual Screening performances by using single or multiple conformations confirmed that the inclusion of protein flexibility in screening protocols has a positive effect on the probability to early recognize novel or known active compounds.
Single-crystal growth and magnetic properties of the metallic molybdate pyrochlore Sm2Mo2O7
Creators: name: Singh, Surjeet
name: Suryanarayanan, R.
name: Martin, Romuald S.
name: Dhalenne, G.
name: Revcolevschi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have successfully grown cm3-size single crystals of the metallic-ferromagnet Sm2Mo2O7 by the floating-zone method using an infrared-red image furnace. The growth difficulties and the remedies found using a 2-mirror image furnace are discussed. Magnetization studies along the three crystalline axes of the compound are presented and discussed based on our recent proposal of an ordered spin-ice ground state for this compound
Tailoring the Properties of Indium Sulfide by Doping
Creators: name: Mathew, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Perovskites, other Non-Silicon-Based Photovoltaics and Multi-Junction Devices
CI(G)S, CdTe and Related Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 661-663
description: In the present work, structural, optical and electrical properties of indium sulfide are tuned by specific and controlled doping. Silver, tin, copper and chlorine were used as the doping elements. In2S3 thin films for the present study were prepared using a simple and low cost “Chemical Spray Pyrolysis (CSP)” technique. This technique is adaptable for large-area deposition of thin films in any required shape and facilitates easiness of doping and/or variation of atomic ratio. It involves spraying a solution, usually aqueous, containing soluble salts of the constituents of the desired compound onto a heated substrate. Doping process was optimized for different doping concentrations. On optimizing doping conditions, we tuned the structural, optical and electrical properties of indium sulfide thin films making them perform as an ideal buffer layer.
Studies of sperm antigens using specific monoclonal antibodies
Creators: name: Sun, Ping
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis work is focused on studies of sperm antigen: its purification and antifertility effect, its "internal image" by use of anti-idiotypic antibodies, and its capacity to induce antibodies of IgA class. Mouse sperm acrosomal antigens that react with a monoclonal antibody generated against mouse spermatozoa, MS 207, were purified by immunoaffinity chromatography from soluble fraction of mouse testis homogenates. Analyzed by HPLC and SDS gel electrophoresis in the presence of reducing agent, the purified sperm antigens were shown to have a molecular weight of 600 to 700 KDa. It was shown to be glycoproteins with carbohydrate content of 23%. The purified mouse sperm antigen was used to isoimmunize female mice. After successive immunizations, antisera of high titers were raised and were shown to react specifically with mouse and human sperm, but not with any mouse somatic tissues as judged from results of immunofluorescent assay and Ouchterlony's double immunodiffusion. The antisera were shown to crossreact with human sperm at the acrosomal region. By using mouse in vitro fertilization experiments and human sperm penetration assay with zona-free hamster ova, the antisera were shown to exert strong inhibitory effects on fertilization. Another part of this thesis work was directed to generating anti-idiotypic antibody against a monoclonal sperm antibody MS 204. MS 204 was previously shown to react with a conformational epitope of sperm antigens. Anti-MS 204 antiserum was raised in a rabbit. A series of affinity chromatographic columns were applied to purify anti-Fab fragment of MS 204 (AId 204). The obtained Aid 204 possessed weak antigenicity in the mouse. After successive immunizations with Aid 204, the isoimmune sera against AId 204 were shown to crossreact with acrosomal region of mouse sperm, a pattern similar to that of MS 204. A partial inhibitory effect on in vitro fertilization was observed. The results indicate that the "internal image" of the specific sperm antigen reactive with MS 204 exists in AId 204. This could be a new strategy to obtain conformational epitope of a given antigen and may serve as the alternative of contraceptive vaccines.
Powerful explosions at Z=0 ?
Creators: name: Ekström, S.
name: Meynet, G.
name: Hirschi, R.
name: Maeder, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal-free stars are assumed to evolve at constant mass because of the very low stellar winds. This leads to large CO-core mass at the end of the evolution, so primordial stars with an initial mass between 25 and 85 Msol are expected to end as direct black holes, the explosion energy being too weak to remove the full envelope. We show that when rotation enters into play, some mass is lost because the stars are prone to reach the critical velocity during the main sequence evolution. Contrarily to what happens in the case of very low- but non zero-metallicity stars, the enrichment of the envelope by rotational mixing is very small and the total mass lost remains modest. The compactness of the primordial stars lead to a very inefficient transport of the angular momentum inside the star, so the profile of Omega(r) is close to Omega r^2 = const. As the core contracts, the rotation rate increases, and the star ends its life with a fast spinning core. Such a configuration has been shown to modify substantially the dynamics of the explosion. Where one expected a weak explosion or none at all, rotation might boost the explosion energy and drive a robust supernova. This will have important consequences in the way primordial stars enriched the early Universe.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the IAU Symposium 255, "Low-Metallicity Star Formation: From the First stars to Dwarf Galaxies"
CD36 maintains the gastric mucosa and associates with gastric disease.
Creators: name: Jacome-Sosa, Miriam
name: Miao, Zhi-Feng
name: Peche, Vivek S
name: Morris, Edward F
name: Narendran, Ramkumar
name: Pietka, Kathryn M
name: Samovski, Dmitri
name: Lo, Hei-Yong G
name: Pietka, Terri
name: Varro, Andrea
name: Love-Gregory, Latisha
name: Goldenring, James R
name: Kuda, Ondrej
name: Gamazon, Eric R
name: Mills, Jason C
name: Abumrad, Nada A
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/1647/767/1424
/631/1647/767/70
/9
/14
/14/19
/38
/38/90
article

description: The gastric epithelium is often exposed to injurious elements and failure of appropriate healing predisposes to ulcers, hemorrhage, and ultimately cancer. We examined the gastric function of CD36, a protein linked to disease and homeostasis. We used the tamoxifen model of gastric injury in mice null for Cd36 (Cd36-/-), with Cd36 deletion in parietal cells (PC-Cd36-/-) or in endothelial cells (EC-Cd36-/-). CD36 expresses on corpus ECs, on PC basolateral membranes, and in gastrin and ghrelin cells. Stomachs of Cd36-/- mice have altered gland organization and secretion, more fibronectin, and inflammation. Tissue respiration and mitochondrial efficiency are reduced. Phospholipids increased and triglycerides decreased. Mucosal repair after injury is impaired in Cd36-/- and EC-Cd36-/-, not in PC-Cd36-/- mice, and is due to defect of progenitor differentiation to PCs, not of progenitor proliferation or mature PC dysfunction. Relevance to humans is explored in the Vanderbilt BioVu using PrediXcan that links genetically-determined gene expression to clinical phenotypes, which associates low CD36 mRNA with gastritis, gastric ulcer, and gastro-intestinal hemorrhage. A CD36 variant predicted to disrupt an enhancer site associates (p
Generalised compact spheres in electric fields
Creators: name: Maharaj, S. D.
name: Komathiraj, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present exact solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell system of equations in spherically symmetric gravitational fields with a specified form of the electric field intensity. The condition of pressure isotropy yields a difference equation with variable, rational coefficients. In an earlier treatment this condition was integrated by first transforming it to a hypergeometric equation. We demonstrate that it is possible to obtain a more general class of solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell system both in the form of special functions and elementary functions. Our results contain particular solutions found previously including models of charged relativistic spheres and uncharged neutron star models.
description: 16 pages, To appear in Class. Quantum Grav
Perelman's invariant and collapse via geometric characteristic splittings
Creators: name: Suárez-Serrato, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C20, 53C23, 53C44

description: Any closed orientable and smooth non-positively curved manifold M is known to admit a geometric characteristic splitting, analogous to the JSJ decomposition in three dimensions. We show that when this splitting consists of pieces which are Seifert fibered or pieces each of whose fundamental group has non-trivial centre, M collapses with bounded curvature and has zero Perelman invariant.
description: 10 pages
Vacuum Fluctuations induced Entanglement between Two Mesoscopic Systems
Creators: name: Ng, H. T.
name: Burnett, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a pair of molecular ensembles trapped inside a superconducting resonator through which they are strongly coupled via a microwave field mode. We find that entanglement can be generated via "vacuum fluctuations" even when the molecules and cavity field are initially prepared in their ground state. This entanglement is created in a relatively short time and without the need for further manipulation of the system. It does, therefore, provide a convenient scheme to entangle two mesoscopic systems, and may well be useful quantum information processing.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Dirac masses and mixings in the (geo)SM(EFT) and beyond
Creators: name: Talbert, Jim
name: Trott, Michael
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Quark Masses and SM Parameters
Beyond Standard Model
Effective Field Theories

description: Abstract We report a set of exact formulae for computing Dirac masses, mixings, and CP-violation parameter(s) from 3×3 Yukawa matrices Y valid when YY† → U†YY†U under global $$ \mathrm{U}{(3)}_{Q_L} $$ U 3 Q L flavour symmetry transformations U. The results apply to the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) and its ‘geometric’ realization (geoSMEFT). We thereby complete, in the Dirac flavour sector, the catalogue of geoSMEFT parameters derived at all orders in the $$ \sqrt{2\left\langle {H}^{\dagger }H\right\rangle } $$ 2 H † H /Λ expansion. The formalism is basis-independent, and can be applied to models with decoupled ultraviolet flavour dynamics, as well as to models whose infrared dynamics are not minimally flavour violating. We highlight these points with explicit examples and, as a further demonstration of the formalism’s utility, we derive expressions for the renormalization group flow of quark masses, mixings, and CP-violation at all mass dimension and perturbative loop orders in the (geo)SM(EFT) and beyond.
Impact of Storage at -80℃ on the Quantification of Bacterial Targets in Beach Water Samples
Creators: name: Smith, Samantha
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Many environmental microbiology research studies involve the archiving of water samples for days to years, at which point molecular analyses may be performed. However, few research studies have evaluated the impacts of sample storage on quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses of microbial targets. As a result, the extent to which results of qPCR analyses from archived samples accurately reflect results that would have been obtained immediately after sample collection is unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we compared qPCR results from 205 pairs of sample analyses, with one conducted immediately after collection and one conducted after archiving at -80℃ for up to six years. As part of an ongoing beach water monitoring program in Chicago, water sample aliquots have been filtered and analyzed by qPCR for enterococci within two hours of collection and other aliquots have been filtered and stored at -80℃. There was no significant difference in qPCR results between samples analyzed immediately and those archived for 1 month to 5 years. Additionally, the correlation between original qPCR results and those obtained up to 6 years after archiving was moderate to strong. These findings suggest that bacterial target concentration data generated using samples stored for up to 5 years at -80℃ are a reasonable reflection of the results that would have been obtained from the immediate qPCR analyses of water samples.
Rho GTPases in Skeletal Muscle Development and Homeostasis.
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Fdez, Sonia
name: Bustelo, Xosé R
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: small G protein
RhoA
Rac1
Cdc42
guanosine nucleotide exchange factors
GTPase activating proteins
rock
pak
signaling
myogenesis
muscle mass
muscle regeneration
satellite cells
metabolism

description: Rho guanosine triphosphate hydrolases (GTPases) are molecular switches that cycle between an inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound and an active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound state during signal transduction. As such, they regulate a wide range of both cellular and physiological processes. In this review, we will summarize recent work on the role of Rho GTPase-regulated pathways in skeletal muscle development, regeneration, tissue mass homeostatic balance, and metabolism. In addition, we will present current evidence that links the dysregulation of these GTPases with diseases caused by skeletal muscle dysfunction. Overall, this information underscores the critical role of a number of members of the Rho GTPase subfamily in muscle development and the overall metabolic balance of mammalian species.
Fomalhaut b could be massive and sculpting the narrow, eccentric debris disc, if in mean-motion resonance with it
Creators: name: Pearce, Tim D.
name: Beust, Hervé
name: Faramaz, Virginie
name: Booth, Mark
name: Krivov, Alexander V.
name: Löhne, Torsten
name: Poblete, Pedro P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The star Fomalhaut hosts a narrow, eccentric debris disc, plus a highly eccentric companion Fomalhaut b. It is often argued that Fomalhaut b cannot have significant mass, otherwise it would quickly perturb the disc. We show that material in internal mean-motion resonances with a massive, coplanar Fomalhaut b would actually be long-term stable, and occupy orbits similar to the observed debris. Furthermore, millimetre dust released in collisions between resonant bodies could reproduce the width, shape and orientation of the observed disc. We first re-examine the possible orbits of Fomalhaut b, assuming that it moves under gravity alone. If Fomalhaut b orbits close to the disc midplane then its orbit crosses the disc, and the two are apsidally aligned. This alignment may hint at an ongoing dynamical interaction. Using the observationally allowed orbits, we then model the interaction between a massive Fomalhaut b and debris. Whilst most debris is unstable in such an extreme configuration, we identify several resonant populations that remain stable for the stellar lifetime, despite crossing the orbit of Fomalhaut b. This debris occupies low-eccentricity orbits similar to the observed debris ring. These resonant bodies would have a clumpy distribution, but dust released in collisions between them would form a narrow, relatively smooth ring similar to observations. We show that if Fomalhaut b has a mass between those of Earth and Jupiter then, far from removing the observed debris, it could actually be sculpting it through resonant interactions.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Drell-Yan production at the LHC in a four site Higgsless model
Creators: name: Accomando, E.
name: De Curtis, S.
name: Dominici, D.
name: Fedeli, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a four site Higgsless model based on the $SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_1\times SU(2)_2\times U(1)_Y$ gauge symmetry, which predicts two neutral and four charged extra gauge bosons, $Z_{1,2}$ and $W^\pm_{1,2}$. We compute the properties of the new particles, and derive indirect and direct limits on their masses and couplings from LEP and Tevatron data. In contrast to other Higgsless models, characterized by fermiophobic extra gauge bosons, here sizeable fermion-boson couplings are allowed by the electroweak precision data. The prospects of detecting the new predicted particles in the favoured Drell-Yan channel at the LHC are thus investigated. The outcome is that all six extra gauge bosons could be discovered in the early stage of the LHC low-luminosity run.
description: 36 pages, 25 figures, references, figures and content added
A novel system for classifying tooth root phenotypes.
Creators: name: Gellis, Jason
name: Foley, Robert
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Engineering and technology
subject: FOS: Engineering and technology
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Medicine and health sciences

description: Human root and canal number and morphology are highly variable, and internal root canal form and count does not necessarily co-vary directly with external morphology. While several typologies and classifications have been developed to address individual components of teeth, there is a need for a comprehensive system, that captures internal and external root features across all teeth. Using CT scans, the external and internal root morphologies of a global sample of humans are analysed (n = 945). From this analysis a method of classification that captures external and internal root morphology in a way that is intuitive, reproducible, and defines the human phenotypic set is developed. Results provide a robust definition of modern human tooth root phenotypic diversity. The method is modular in nature, allowing for incorporation of past and future classification systems. Additionally, it provides a basis for analysing hominin root morphology in evolutionary, ecological, genetic, and developmental contexts.
Molecular Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli O25b Strains Associated with Complicated Urinary Tract Infection in Children.
Creators: name: Contreras-Alvarado, Laura M
name: Zavala-Vega, Sergio
name: Cruz-Córdova, Ariadnna
name: Reyes-Grajeda, Juan Pablo
name: Escalona-Venegas, Gerardo
name: Flores, Víctor
name: Alcázar-López, Virginia
name: Arellano-Galindo, José
name: Hernández-Castro, Rigoberto
name: Castro-Escarpulli, Graciela
name: Xicohtencatl-Cortes, Juan
name: Ochoa, Sara A
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: UPEC O25
MDR
MLST
genetic diversity

description: BACKGROUND: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) has increased the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI). It is the cause of more than 80% of community-acquired cystitis cases and more than 70% of uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis cases. AIM: The present study describes the molecular epidemiology of UPEC O25b clinical strains based on their resistance profiles, virulence genes, and genetic diversity. METHODS: Resistance profiles were identified using the Kirby-Bauer method, including the phenotypic production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). The UPEC serogroups, phylogenetic groups, virulence genes, and integrons were determined via multiplex PCR. Genetic diversity was established using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and sequence type (ST) was determined via multilocus sequence typing (MLST). RESULTS: UPEC strains (n = 126) from hospitalized children with complicated UTIs (cUTIs) were identified as O25b, of which 41.27% were multidrug resistant (MDR) and 15.87% were extensively drug resistant (XDR). The O25b strains harbored the fimH (95.23%), csgA (91.26%), papGII (80.95%), chuA (95.23%), iutD (88.09%), satA (84.92%), and intl1 (47.61%) genes. Moreover, 64.28% were producers of ESBLs and had high genetic diversity. ST131 (63.63%) was associated primarily with phylogenetic group B2, and ST69 (100%) was associated primarily with phylogenetic group D. CONCLUSION: UPEC O25b/ST131 harbors a wide genetic diversity of virulence and resistance genes, which contribute to cUTIs in pediatrics.
Light Trapping in Commercial Silicon Solar Cell Structures Using Silver Nano Particles
Creators: name: Mathew, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 71-73
description: This paper explores the design and realization of plasmonic structures to enhance near bandgap solar light absorption in standard industrial crystalline silicon solar cells. Silver nanoparticles were integrated at the front side of standard textured commercial crystalline silicon solar cells to exploit the large optical cross sections of surface plasmon resonance of nanoparticles. This could provide effective light trapping near the band gap of silicon. The silver nanoparticles were deposited on silicon solar cells by simple industrially adaptable process; by sputtering a thin film of silver and followed by annealing treatment at relatively lower temperatures. Different annealing processes were adapted to vary the surface coverage of the plasmonic nanoparticle arrays. We have observed that increasing the size and surface coverage of nanoparticles of noble metals shifts the maximum of the collective SPR band toward longer wavelengths. Metal-island size and surface coverage was varied by varying the deposition and annealing conditions used to produce the metal-island film. The scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the nano particles were uniformly distributed even on textured surface of silicon solar cell. By the incorporation surface plasmonic effect we observed a decrease in reflectance and enhancement in external quantum efficiency (EQE) at longer wavelength region.
Additional file 1 of Co-occurrence subgroups of child sexual abuse, health risk behaviors and their associations among secondary school students in China
Creators: name: Zhang, Yan
name: Zuo, Xiayun
name: Mao, Yanyan
name: Lian, Qiguo
name: Luo, Shan
name: Zhang, Shucheng
name: Tu, Xiaowen
name: Lou, Chaohua
name: Zhou, Weijin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: The table shows CSA prevalence stratified by the participant demographic characteristics.
SN 2006bp: Probing the Shock Breakout of a Type II-P Supernova
Creators: name: Quimby, Robert M.
name: Wheeler, J. Craig
name: Höflich, Peter
name: Akerlof, Carl W.
name: Brown, Peter J.
name: Rykoff, Eli S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HET optical spectroscopy and unfiltered ROTSE-III photometry spanning the first 11 months since explosion of the Type II-P SN 2006bp are presented. Flux limits from the days before discovery combined with the initial rapid brightening suggest the supernova was first detected just hours after shock breakout. Optical spectra obtained about 2 days after breakout exhibit narrow emission lines corresponding to HeII 4200, HeII 4686, and CIV 5805 in the rest frame, and these features persist in a second observation obtained 5 hours later; however, these emission lines are not detected the following night nor in subsequent observations. We suggest that these lines emanate from material close to the explosion site, possibly in the outer layers of the progenitor that have been ionized by the high energy photons released at shock breakout. A P-Cygni profile is observed around 4450 A in the +2 and +3 day spectra. Previous studies have attributed this feature to high velocity H-beta, but we discuss the possibility that this profile is instead due to HeII 4687. Further HET observations (14 nights in total) covering the spectral evolution across the photometric plateau up to 73 days after breakout and during the nebular phase around day +340 are presented, and expansion velocities are derived for key features. The measured decay slope for the unfiltered light curve is 0.0073 +/- 0.0004 mag/day between days +121 and +335, which is significantly slower than the decay of rate 56Co. We combine our HET measurements with published X-ray, UV, and optical data to obtain a quasi-bolometric light curve through day +60. We see a slow cooling over the first 25 days, but no sign of an early sharp peak; any such feature from the shock breakout must have lasted less than ~1 day.[ABRIDGED]
description: ApJ accepted, 43 pages
BIPV Round Robin Action of IEA PVPS Task 15
Creators: name: Gaisberger, L.
name: Rechberger, P.
name: Eder, G.C.
name: Berger, K.A.
name: Újvári, G.
name: Illich, P.
name: Moor, D.
name: Boddaert, S.
name: Valckenborg, R.M.E.
name: Bonomo, P.
name: Polo López, C.S.
name: Del Buono, M.
name: Martín Chivelet, N.
name: Mejuto, E.
name: Sanz Martinez, A.
name: Machado, M.
name: Kim, J.-T.
name: Ritzen, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Applications and Integration
PV on/in Buildings, Infrastructure, Landscape, Water and Nature

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1811-1816
description: Within the IEA PVPS Task 15 a round robin action focusing on the performance of vertical BIPV elements (façade) in different climatic environments was performed. The performance of identical (both, in construction and bill of materials (BOM)) glass/glass c-Si BIPV elements was monitored at 7 outdoor test sites in 6 different countries in Europe and Asia. In this work, the comprehensive results of the electrical and corresponding meteorological monitoring data will be presented and discussed. The monitoring data were merged, processed and filtered for further analysis. Analysis of the available measured data has been performed in terms of (i) distribution (frequency) of the module temperatures and the in-plane irradiation at the outdoor test locations, comparison of ambient and module temperatures, mean daily PR per test module, time series of mean daily performance ratio coefficients and monthly yield and yield-matrix plots showing the relative yield of the investigated modules over module temperature and irradiance.
Field Evaluation of Mars™ Optical Soiling Sensor
Creators: name: Gostein, M.
name: Bourne, B.
name: Farina, F.
name: Stueve, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Systems and Storage – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Solar Resource and Forecasting

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1471-1473
description: We report on a field evaluation of the new Mars™ optical soiling sensor technology. The Mars™ soiling sensor was specifically developed to provide a compact, low-cost, water-free and maintenance-free method to measure soiling at PV power plants, especially for small utility or commercial-scale sites where more complex solutions can be prohibitive. In this study, a Mars™ soiling sensor was deployed at a test site in California. The site also included a reference soiling measurement system employing a washed/unwashed PV reference cell pair. Results to date demonstrate good overall correlation between the Mars™ sensor and the reference measurement.
Understanding the effectiveness of government interventions against the resurgence of COVID-19 in Europe.
Creators: name: Sharma, Mrinank
name: Mindermann, Sören
name: Rogers-Smith, Charlie
name: Leech, Gavin
name: Snodin, Benedict
name: Ahuja, Janvi
name: Sandbrink, Jonas B
name: Monrad, Joshua Teperowski
name: Altman, George
name: Dhaliwal, Gurpreet
name: Finnveden, Lukas
name: Norman, Alexander John
name: Oehm, Sebastian B
name: Sandkühler, Julia Fabienne
name: Aitchison, Laurence
name: Gavenčiak, Tomáš
name: Mellan, Thomas
name: Kulveit, Jan
name: Chindelevitch, Leonid
name: Flaxman, Seth
name: Gal, Yarin
name: Mishra, Swapnil
name: Bhatt, Samir
name: Brauner, Jan Markus
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: European governments use non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to control resurging waves of COVID-19. However, they only have outdated estimates for how effective individual NPIs were in the first wave. We estimate the effectiveness of 17 NPIs in Europe's second wave from subnational case and death data by introducing a flexible hierarchical Bayesian transmission model and collecting the largest dataset of NPI implementation dates across Europe. Business closures, educational institution closures, and gathering bans reduced transmission, but reduced it less than they did in the first wave. This difference is likely due to organisational safety measures and individual protective behaviours-such as distancing-which made various areas of public life safer and thereby reduced the effect of closing them. Specifically, we find smaller effects for closing educational institutions, suggesting that stringent safety measures made schools safer compared to the first wave. Second-wave estimates outperform previous estimates at predicting transmission in Europe's third wave.
Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Renewable Energy Applications
Creators: name: Boumaiza, A.
name: Sanfilippo, A.
name: Mohandes, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Finance, Markets and Policies
Policies and Scenarios for Renewables, Societal and Global Challenges

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2033-2036
description: Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), an approach which defines a class of Operations Research models addressing complex problems, provides a solution to complex decision making that has been gaining momentum in the energy field. MCDA has been successfully applied to renewable energy analysis in endeavors that include evaluating the feasibility of different renewable energy options, assessing different alternative energies or energy technologies (e.g. electrical vs. thermal), and considering alternative technologies from an environmental perspective. In this paper, we explore the use of MCDA for the development of a decision-making framework in residential solar PV adoption. After a description of the relevant engineering, economic, policy and environmental factors that determine PV adoption, we show how a residential PV adoption scenario dataset generated via multi-agent simulation is used to derive a probabilistic belief network. Such a belief network provides that basis for MCDA through the application of sensitivity analysis that identify the relative impact of each factor on PV adoption.