cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Howard Russell Butler House
Creators: name: Brainard, George Bradford
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Photographs
Photos
Historic buildings
East Hampton
Structures
Dwellings

description: This images shows distant view of the Howard Russell Butler House located on the dunes in East Hampton. This image was printed from a glass plate negative courtesy of The Brooklyn Public Library and this reproduction was collected sometime from 1970 to 1982 as part of the East Hampton’s Heritage Photo Collection.
description: Images within East Hampton Heritage Photo Collection seem to have been taken or collected in relation to the East Hampton Heritage project, but not all of them were included in the final publication. Several photographer are included in this collection.
Wireless Monitoring of Large-Scale PV Plants: Improving their Predicted Behavior
Creators: name: Fuentes, M.
name: Muñoz, J.V.
name: Torres, M.
name: De La Casa Higueras, J.
name: Nofuentes Garrido, G.
name: Aguilera Tejero, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3986-3991
description: In recent years there has been a considerable growth of PV grid connected systems (PVGCS) in the world,
motivated by a suitable legal framework and a generous production subsidies. The future power production of the plant is
the best guarantee for the owner to deal with made credits. This work tries to reduce the discrepancies between the power
actually injected into the grid and the power estimated thanks to used wireless dataloggers distributed along the PV plant,
taken measurements of the representative parameters simultaneously. In recent audits, IDEA group at University of Jaén
has witnessed a growing increase in power and size of these facilities, prompting serious limitations because of the
scarcity of nearby grid points where dataloggers and sensors could be connected. So, the research group has worked on
wireless and autonomous measurements systems, independent of power grid. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, to
carry out a preliminary study of the existing acquisition wireless systems; second, to bring into operation these
equipments showing the lessons learnt.
Estratégia de Formação para Utilização de Dispositivos Supraglóticos
Creators: name: Ferreira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Enfermagem, Pós-licenciatura, Dispositivos Supraglóticos, Estratégia de Formação, Formação em Enfermagem

description: Monografia realizada no âmbito do Curso de Pós-licenciatura de Especialização em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica, conducente à aquisição do título de Enfermeira Especialista em Enfermagem Médico-Cirúrgica, realizado na Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra, Portugal.
The Transit Light Curve Project. IX. Evidence for a Smaller Radius of the Exoplanet XO-3b
Creators: name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Holman, Matthew J.
name: Torres, Guillermo
name: McCullough, Peter
name: Johns-Krull, Christopher M.
name: Latham, David W.
name: Shporer, Avi
name: Mazeh, Tsevi
name: Garcia-Melendo, Enrique
name: Foote, Cindy
name: Esquerdo, Gil
name: Everett, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photometry of 13 transits of XO-3b, a massive transiting planet on an eccentric orbit. Previous data led to two inconsistent estimates of the planetary radius. Our data strongly favor the smaller radius, with increased precision: R_p = 1.217 +/- 0.073 R_Jup. A conflict remains between the mean stellar density determined from the light curve, and the stellar surface gravity determined from the shapes of spectral lines. We argue the light curve should take precedence, and revise the system parameters accordingly. The planetary radius is about 1 sigma larger than the theoretical radius for a hydrogen-helium planet of the given mass and insolation. To help in planning future observations, we provide refined transit and occultation ephemerides.
description: To appear in ApJ [22 pages]
Additional file 1 of COVID-19 uncertainty and sleep: the roles of perceived stress and intolerance of uncertainty during the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak
Creators: name: Wu, Dan
name: Yang, Tingzhong
name: Hall, Daniel L.
name: Jiao, Guihua
name: Huang, Lixin
name: Jiao, Can
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1.
Light dark matter searches with positrons
Creators: name: Battaglieri, M.
name: Bianconi, A.
name: Bisio, P.
name: Bondì, M.
name: Celentano, A.
name: Costantini, G.
name: Cole, P. L.
name: Darmé, L.
name: De Vita, R.
name: D'Angelo, A.
name: De Napoli, M.
name: Fassi, L. El
name: Kozhuharov, V.
name: Italiano, A.
name: Krnjaic, G.
name: Lanza, L.
name: Leali, M.
name: Marsicano, L.
name: Mascagna, V.
name: Migliorati, S.
name: Nardi, E.
name: Raggi, M.
name: Randazzo, N.
name: Santopinto, E.
name: Smith, E.
name: Spreafico, M.
name: Stepanyan, S.
name: Ungaro, M.
name: Valente, P.
name: Venturelli, L.
name: Wood, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss two complementary strategies to search for light dark matter (LDM) exploiting the positron beam possibly available in the future at Jefferson Laboratory. LDM is a new compelling hypothesis that identifies dark matter with new sub-GeV "hidden sector" states, neutral under standard model interactions and interacting with our world through a new force. Accelerator-based searches at the intensity frontier are uniquely suited to explore it. Thanks to the high intensity and the high energy of the CEBAF (Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility) beam, and relying on a novel LDM production mechanism via positron annihilation on target atomic electrons, the proposed strategies will allow us to explore new regions in the LDM parameters space, thoroughly probing the LDM hypothesis as well as more general hidden sector scenarios.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures. Prepared for submission in EPJA. This work supersedes the corresponding contribution in arXiv:2007.15081. Added aknowledgement to Jefferson Lab
Open Loop Q(U) Stability Investigation in Case of PV Power Plants
Creators: name: Constantin, A.
name: Lazar, R.D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3745-3749
description: Open loop reactive power (Q) control function of the local voltage (U) measured at the inverter’s terminals is one possibility to comply with the BDEW regulations in Germany. A better understanding of the stability limits for such a control algorithm is required when applying it to large PV plants or PV dominated grids. As such a compensation system is basically a feed-forward compensation type, the gain of the compensation is the most
important parameter in respect to system’s stability. A generic stability analysis model of the system is developed in Matlab followed by a dynamic RMS simulation model of a big PV plant including Q(U) control and developed in Power Factory DIgSILENT. The stability analysis and simulation results are compared with real life measurements from laboratory and from a 12MVA PV plant. Various study cases are further on performed in order to assess the voltage stability. An upper stability limit can be
found depending on the grid connection parameters in the point of common coupling (PCC). Tuning rules dependent on the grid parameters and the settling time defined by the DNO are developed in order to ensure the overall stability of the system.
15 Years of Practical Experience in Development and Improvement of Bifacial Photovoltaic Noise Barriers Along Highways and Railway Lines in Switzerland
Creators: name: Nordmann, T.
name: Vontobel, T.
name: Clavadetscher, L.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
PV and Architecture

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3843-3847
description: TNC Consulting AG has developed, built and is operating and analyzing three different bifacial noise barrier
pilot installations along highways and a railway line in Switzerland. The total capacity of these installations is 20
kWp. The paper focuses on technical progress in cell and overall system technology made during 15 years of
experience with bifacial PV noise barriers. The results are based on measurement campaigns carried out during
this time by TNC Consulting. The concept of bifacial PV noise barriers offers several benefits for the investor,
which shall also be discussed.
World Class Solar Cell Efficiency on n-Type Cz UMG Silicon Wafers by Heterojunction Technology
Creators: name: Kraiem, J.
name: Papet, P.
name: Degoulange, J.
name: Forster, M.
name: Nichiporuk, O.
name: Grosset-Bourbange, D.
name: Cocco, F.
name: Einhaus, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 657-660
description: Highly purified n-type UMG (“Upgraded Metallurgical”) Silicon shows a strong potential for high
efficiency low cost solar cells. Compared to p-type Silicon, n-type Silicon is in general less susceptible to lifetime
degradation due to residual metal impurities or to light induced degradation due to the Boron-Oxygen complex. In
this work a 15kg 6 inch mono-c Cz Silicon ingot has been grown from 100% highly purified UMG Silicon obtained
with the PHOTOSIL process. In this feedstock the Boron and Phosphorus concentrations measured by GDMS were
found to be 0.3 ppmw and 2 ppmw respectively. The resulting ingot is n-type, fully mono-crystalline and has a
resistivity from 0.2 to 1 ohm.cm. Other impurities, especially metals were not detectable with the analysis techniques
applied (GDMS, ICP OES). The ingot was cut into 125x125 mm2 pseudo square wafers of 180 micron thickness. A
first series of solar cells were processed on these wafers using an industrial hetero-junction process of Roth & Rau.
The best solar cell had an energy conversion efficiency of 19.0% (average: 18.6%) under standard testing conditions
with a very high Voc of 725mV. According to the knowledge of authors this is the highest efficiency ever reported on
industrial type solar cells fabricated on 100% UMG Silicon.
Toekomst van ons onderwijs. Pleidooi voor groot onderhoud aan het Nederlandse onderwijssysteem.
Creators: name: VSNU
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Future of education

description: In januari 2020 vormde het sectoroverstijgende discussiestuk ‘Toekomst van ons onderwijs’ het startpunt van een brede dialoog over de toekomst van het onderwijs. Het discussiestuk en de gevoerde dialoog hebben de aandacht van de politiek getrokken en zijn in diverse verkiezingsprogramma’s opgenomen.
The obliquity and atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiter TOI-1431b (MASCARA-5b): A misaligned orbit and no signs of atomic ormolecular absorptions
Creators: name: Stangret, M.
name: Pallé, E.
name: Casasayas-Barris, N.
name: Oshagh, M.
name: Bello-Arufe, A.
name: Luque, R.
name: Nascimbeni, V.
name: Yan, F.
name: Orell-Miquel, J.
name: Sicilia, D.
name: Malavolta, L.
name: Addison, B. C.
name: Buchhave, L. A.
name: Bonomo, A. S.
name: Borsa, F.
name: Cabot, S. H. C.
name: Cecconi, M.
name: Fischer, D. A.
name: Harutyunyan, A.
name: Mendonça, J. M.
name: Nowak, G.
name: Parviainen, H.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Tronsgaard, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-hot Jupiters are defined as giant planets with equilibrium temperatures larger than 2000 K. Most of them are found orbiting bright A-F type stars, making them extremely suitable objects to study their atmospheres using high-resolution spectroscopy. Recent studies show a variety of atoms and molecules detected in the atmospheres of this type of planets. Here we present our analysis of the newly discovered ultra-hot Jupiter TOI-1431b/MASCARA-5b, using two transit observations with the HARPS-N spectrograph and one transit observation with the EXPRES spectrograph. Analysis of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect shows that the planet is in a polar orbit, with a projected obliquity $ λ= -155^{+20}_{-10}$ degrees. Combining the nights and applying both cross-correlation methods and transmission spectroscopy, we find no evidences of CaI, FeI, FeII, MgI, NaI, VI, TiO, VO or H$α$ in the atmosphere of the planet. Our most likely explanation for the lack of atmospheric features is the large surface gravity of the planet.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A (14 pages, 13 figures)
Supersymmetry with a Chargino NLSP and Gravitino LSP
Creators: name: Kribs, Graham D.
name: Martin, Adam
name: Roy, Tuhin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the lightest chargino can be lighter than the lightest neutralino in supersymmetric models with Dirac gaugino masses as well as within a curious parameter region of the MSSM. Given also a light gravitino, such as from low scale supersymmetry breaking, this mass hierarchy leads to an unusual signal where every superpartner cascades down to a chargino that decays into an on-shell W and a gravitino, possibly with a macroscopic chargino track. We clearly identify the region of parameters where this signal can occur. We find it is generic in the context of the R-symmetric supersymmetric standard model, whereas it essentially only occurs in the MSSM when sign(M1) is not equal to sign(M2) = sign(μ) and tan(beta) is small. We briefly comment on the search strategies for this signal at the LHC.
description: 27 pages and 16 figures
Natural Photovoltaic Droops for Grid-Stabilization
Creators: name: Sachau, J.
name: Ney, M.
name: Cendagorta, M.
name: Fernández, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3659-3660
description: With increasing photovoltaic power in the grids, participation in grid stabilization is demanded. In
contrast to conventional electricity generation, photovoltaic power has no freely controllable input but is limited
according to the irradiation available. The approach of natural photovoltaic droops cares for proper power reduction,
relative to maximum available power, which corresponds to conventional power reduction relative to nominal-power.
Beyond the voltage at maximum power, a negative gradient of the power curve is related to small deviations in
voltage, along with the desired reduction of power. Operating on this part of the voltage-current characteristic, the
irradiation proportional droop can be estimated from the operating point and transformed into the reference for the
power-gradient controller. With a sufficiently rapid and stable sub-imposed power gradient controller, the inverter
current always stays proportional to the in-plane irradiance, reduced according to the irradiation droop. Reduced
revenues are thus fairly shared. The method offers direct accessibility from a secondary control.
Initial Results from a Grid-Connected 2-Axis Solar Tracking PV System at 65°N in Piteå, Sweden
Creators: name: Persson, H.
name: Kleven, O.
name: Norton, M.
name: Boström, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4020-4024
description: This paper describes the initial results and experiences from a small grid-connected 2-axis tracking PV
system that has been installed in Piteå. Piteå is located at latitude 65°N on the Swedish coast of the Gulf of Bothnia,
one of the sunniest areas of Northern Europe. Simulations show that the yearly insolation on a 2-axis tracking plane
in this region is comparable to Central Europe. Yet, there are very few grid connected PV systems installed this far
north. The objective of the installation in Piteå is to provide more knowledge and experience on PV installations in
cold and northern regions, and to show the economic and technical feasibility of such installations.
The Piteå PV plant is a 19.8 kWp grid-connected system, installed on the grounds of PiteEnergi, the local energy
company and owner of the PV system. The system comprises in total 136 m2 of modules, including mono-Si, multi-Si
and CIGS thin film, distributed onto two 2-axis solar trackers. The two trackers use different tracking methods,
astronomical and optical solar tracking. The system has been in operation since early 2012 and the results presented
here are mainly from March – August, the months for which the system has been fully operative.
Characterising a tunable, pulsed atomic beam using matter-wave interferometry
Creators: name: Morley, J
name: Flack, R.
name: Hiley, B. J.
name: Barker, P. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the creation and characterisation of a velocity tunable, spin-polarized beam of slow metastable argon atoms. We show that beam velocity can be determined with a precision below 1 \% using matter-wave interferometry. The profile of the interference pattern was also used to determine the velocity spread of the beam, as well as Van der Waals co-efficient for the interaction between the metastable atoms and the multi-slit silicon nitride grating. The Van der Waals co-efficient was determined to be $C_3$=1.84$\pm$0.17\,a.u., in good agreement with values derived from spectroscopic data. Finally, the spin polarization of the beam produced during acceleration of the beam was also measured, demonstrating a spatially uniform spin polarization of 96 \% in the m=+2 state.
description: 8 pages, 14 figures
Towards Miniaturization: A Breakthrough Challenge for Higher Efficiency and Rare Element Saving in Next Generations of Chalcogenide CIGS & CDTE Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Lincot, D.
name: Paire, M.
name: Lombez, L.
name: Donsanti, F.
name: Jubault, M.
name: Péré-Laperne, N.
name: Collin, S.
name: Pelouard, J.-L.
name: Guillemoles, J.F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2212-2215
description: The concept of miniaturization of thin film solar cell active areas by using microcells associated with
light concentration is presented in the case of CIGS solar cells. Proof of concept devices with diameters down to 7
microns have been successfully tested, with a record equivalent conversion efficiency of 21.3 % under a
concentration of 475. Insights in device physics concern series resistance, temperature effects, edge recombination.
Preliminary results for practical applicability are given with selective deposition by electrodeposition. This approach
could lead to a hundred of time less indium consumption with even increased efficiencies as compared to flat plate
devices.
ZnO Thin Films with Adjusted Surface Work Function for Organic Solar Cells
Creators: name: Wiesner, S.
name: Hinrichs, V.
name: Steigert, A.
name: Greiner, D.
name: Ludwig, W.
name: Lauermann, I.
name: Rusu, M.I.
name: Lux-Steiner, M.C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Organic-based PV

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2945-2947
description: An ITO/PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylendioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)) electrode is widely
used as anode in organic solar cells (OSCs). Aluminium doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) is presented as a possible
substitution for ITO in such anodes. Containing only abundant elements, ZnO:Al serves as cost effective alternative
to the indium requiring ITO. To optimize the surface work function of the ZnO:Al/ PEDOT:PSS anode the pH value
of the PEDOT:PSS dispersion is modified. In this work 2-dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) is used for the
pH-modification of the PEDOT:PSS dispersion. PEDOT:PSS dispersions modified by different DMAE
concentrations were applied to both ITO and ZnO:Al films. The surface work functions of the prepared electrode
stacks were determined by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and related to the corresponding pH value.
Additionally, we investigated the influence of the modified PEDOT:PSS layers on the photovoltaic properties in
ZnPc:C60 based organic solar cells using ITO as well as ZnO:Al as TCO. By analysis of the solar cell performance of
ZnO:Al based devices we identified a range of the DMAE concentrations showing the highest device efficiency. In
this range we observed a solar cell performance similar to that of solar cells with ITO as TCO. Comparison of the
open circuit voltage and the surface work function shows that a minimum work function of  ~ 4.7 eV is necessary
to form a charge selective contact at the anode/absorber interface.
Relationships between classroom processes and student performance in mathematics : an analysis of cross-sectional data from the 1985 provincial Assessment of Mathematics
Creators: name: Taylor, Alan Richard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this investigation was to examine, through the use of survey data, relationships between inputs of schooling and outcomes, as measured by student achievement in mathematics. The inputs of schooling were comprised of a number of variables grouped under each of the following categories: students' and teachers' backgrounds; students' and teachers' perceptions of mathematics; classroom organization and problem-solving processes. Outcome measures included student achievement on test total, problem solving and applications. A related question involved exploration of the appropriateness of using cross-sectional survey data to make decisions based on the relationships found among the input and output variables. To address this question, results from a subsequent longitudinal study, which utilized the same instruments, were examined first with post-test data and second with the inclusion of pre-test data as covariates. Data collected from teachers and students of Grade 7 in the 1985 British Columbia Assessment of Mathematics were re-analysed in order to link responses to Teacher Questionnaires with the students' results in teachers' respective classrooms. Responses were received from students in 1816 classrooms across the province and from 1073 teachers of Grade 7 mathematics. The data underwent several stages of analysis. Following the numerical coding of variables and the aggregation of student data to class level, Pearson product-moment correlations were calculated between pairs of variables. Factor analysis and multiple regression techniques were utilized at subsequent stages of the analysis. A number of significant relationships were found between teacher and student behaviors, and student achievement. Among the variables found to be most strongly related to achievement were teachers' attitudes toward problem solving, the number and variety of approaches and methods used by teachers, student perceptions of mathematics, and socio-economic status. Results also show that student background, students' and teachers' perceptions of mathematics, classroom organization and problem-solving processes all account for measurable variances in student achievement. The amount of variance accounted for, however, was higher for achievement on application items, measuring lower cognitive levels of behavior, than on problem-solving items which measured cognitive behavior at the critical thinking level. Through examination of the standardized beta weights from the cross-sectional and longitudinal models, it was found that prediction of change in achievement based on corresponding change in classroom process variables was similar for both models. Differences, however, were found for variables in the other categories.
ZnO:Al/(p)a-Si:H Contact Formation and Its Influence on Charge Carrier Lifetime Measurements
Creators: name: Rößler, R.
name: Korte, L.
name: Leendertz, C.
name: Mingirulli, N.
name: El Mhamdi, M.
name: Rech, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1443-1447
description: In this paper we present an analysis of the contact formation between an n-type TCO and a p-type a-
Si:H as used for emitter structures in high efficiency a-Si:H/c-Si heterojunction solar cells. By means of transient
photoconductance decay measurements it is shown that the deposition of ZnO:Al on (p)a-Si:H/(n)c-Si heterojunctions
leads to a reduction of charge carrier lifetime mainly at low injection levels, which is correlated to a reduced implied
fill factor. This observation is explained by Schottky contact formation and is reproduced by numerical simulations.
An analytical description based on two antiparallel diodes is presented to explain the loss in fill factor of a solar cell
and the detrimental effect of the work function difference between ZnO:Al and p-type a-Si:H.
Model Guided Road Intersection Classification
Creators: name: Ballardini, Augusto Luis
name: Hernández, Álvaro
name: Sotelo, Miguel Ángel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding complex scenarios from in-vehicle cameras is essential for safely operating autonomous driving systems in densely populated areas. Among these, intersection areas are one of the most critical as they concentrate a considerable number of traffic accidents and fatalities. Detecting and understanding the scene configuration of these usually crowded areas is then of extreme importance for both autonomous vehicles and modern ADAS aimed at preventing road crashes and increasing the safety of vulnerable road users. This work investigates inter-section classification from RGB images using well-consolidate neural network approaches along with a method to enhance the results based on the teacher/student training paradigm. An extensive experimental activity aimed at identifying the best input configuration and evaluating different network parameters on both the well-known KITTI dataset and the new KITTI-360 sequences shows that our method outperforms current state-of-the-art approaches on a per-frame basis and prove the effectiveness of the proposed learning scheme.
description: To be presented at the 2021 32nd IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) (IV 2021)
Reducing Solar Cell Production Costs Via Low Silver Containing Backside Metallization Pastes
Creators: name: Kurtz, E.
name: Karpowich, L.
name: Moyer, D.
name: Gundel, P.
name: König, M.
name: Zhang, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1806-1808
description: When mass producing crystalline silicon solar cells, the ability to provide an increasingly more efficient
product while reducing material costs is vital to the long term survival of any cell manufacturer. We will discuss herein
how this goal can be achieved by reducing the silver usage in back side interconnect pastes. Standard back side patterns
(bus bars, solder pads) can have a wide variety of designs depending on the exact technology; in any case, there is the
necessary evil that a considerable quantity of silver must be deposited to provide an ideal solder joint. Recent uncertainty
in the price of silver as a raw material has put a great strain on the industry to reduce its usage in metallization pastes.
This work will demonstrate that it is very possible to reduce the amount of silver in back contact pastes by as much as
30% or more over current pastes that are commercially available while providing acceptable adhesion. Since low-silver
products such as these are still very new to the market, many challenges must be overcome to ensure that the resulting
low silver containing pastes will support the long module lifetimes promised by manufacturers. Testing procedures and
methods of data analysis pertaining to these products will also be discussed.
Unsuccessful cosmology with Modified Gravity Models
Creators: name: De Felice, Antonio
name: Hindmarsh, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A class of Modified Gravity Models, consisting of inverse powers of linear combination of quadratic curvature invariants, is studied in the full parameter space. We find that singularity-free cosmological solutions, interpolating between an almost-Friedmann universe at Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and an accelerating universe today, exist only in a restricted parameter space. Furthermore, for all parameters of the models, there is an unstable scalar mode of the gravitational field. Therefore we conclude that this class of Modified Gravity Models is not viable.
description: 16 pages, uses RevTeX
Designing heat transfer pathways for advanced thermoregulatory textiles
Creators: name: Lan, X.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Peng, J.
name: Si, Y.
name: Ren, J.
name: Ding, B.
name: Li, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal comfort of textiles plays an indispensable role in the process of human civilization. Advanced textile for personal thermal management shapes body microclimates by merely regulating heat transfer between the skin and local ambient without wasting excess energy. Therefore, numerous efforts have recently been devoted to the development of advanced thermoregulatory textiles. In this review, we provide a unified perspective on those state-of-the-art efforts by emphasizing the design of diverse heat transfer pathways. We focus on engineering certain physical quantities to tailor the heat transfer pathways, such as thermal emittance/absorptance, reflectance and transmittance in near-infrared and mid-infrared radiation, as well as thermal conductance in conduction. Tuning those heat transfer pathways can achieve different functionalities for personal thermal management, such as passive cooling, warming, or even dual-mode (cooling-warming), either static switching or dynamic adapting. Finally, we point out the challenges and opportunities in this emerging field, including but not limited to the impact of evaporation and convection with missing blocks of heat pathways, the bio-inspired and artificial-intelligence-guided design of advanced functional textiles.
description: 31 pages, 22 figures, the final published version can be found in https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtphys.2021.100342
Optimization of Diffusion and Front Metallization for Selective Emitter
Creators: name: Meisel, A.
name: Burrows, M.Z.
name: Scardera, G.
name: Lemmi, F.
name: Antoniadis, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1607-1611
description: A complex optimization is required to reach the full potential of the selective emitter (SE) architecture.
The focus of this report will be on tuning the phosphorous emitter diffusion strength and the front metal grid to
achieve maximum performance. This optimization involves tailoring sheet resistance (Rsheet) of the field and contact
regions as a function of diffusion recipe, metal contact resistance (Rcontact) as a function of metal paste, and emitter resistance
(Remitter) and line resistance (Rline) as a function of front metal grid properties. To cover the Rsheet,field range of
interest, the field diffusion strength was varied from 60–100 Ω/. To understand the impact of Rcontact, an advanced
formulation metal paste with reduced Rcontact was compared to an industry benchmark. The final adjustment was done
by modifying the properties of the front metal grid, achieved by a finger spacing variation from 1.6–2.1 mm and by
an enhancement of the line conductivity through the use of advanced metallization screens. Testing reveals gains
from increasing the diffusion Rsheet,field above 100 Ω/ are marginal, since a decline of the front surface field below
the metal contacts causes reduced open-circuit voltage. More substantial gains were realized from an advanced metal
paste formulation, which significantly reduced Rcontact. Finally the concept that smaller finger spacing can be used to
reduce Remitter component is pushed until it falls into printability limitations due to the need for progressively thinner
fingers. The net result from diffusion strength, paste, and metal grid optimization yielded a mean efficiency of
19.2 %, +0.2 %abs gain over the control.
Dijet Cross Sections and Parton Densities in Diffractive DIS at HERA
Creators: name: H1 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differential dijet cross sections in diffractive deep-inelastic scattering are measured with the H1 detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 51.5 pb-1. The selected events are of the type ep --> eXY, where the system X contains at least two jets and is well separated in rapidity from the low mass proton dissociation system Y. The dijet data are compared with QCD predictions at next-to-leading order based on diffractive parton distribution functions previously extracted from measurements of inclusive diffractive deep-inelastic scattering. The prediction describes the dijet data well at low and intermediate zpom (the fraction of the momentum of the diffractive exchange carried by the parton entering the hard interaction) where the gluon density is well determined from the inclusive diffractive data, supporting QCD factorisation. A new set of diffractive parton distribution functions is obtained through a simultaneous fit to the diffractive inclusive and dijet cross sections. This allows for a precise determination of both the diffractive quark and gluon distributions in the range 0.05
description: 33 pages, 10 figures
The stochastic gravitational-wave background from massive black hole binary systems: implications for observations with Pulsar Timing Arrays
Creators: name: Sesana, Alberto
name: Vecchio, Alberto
name: Colacino, Carlo Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive black hole binary systems, with masses in the range ~10^4-10^10 \msun, are among the primary sources of gravitational waves in the frequency window ~10^-9 Hz - 0.1 Hz. Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) and the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) are the observational means by which we will be able to observe gravitational radiation from these systems. We carry out a systematic study of the generation of the stochastic gravitational-wave background from the cosmic population of massive black hole binaries. We consider a wide variety of assembly scenarios and we estimate the range of signal strength in the frequency band accessible to PTAs. We show that, taking into account the uncertainties surrounding the actual key model parameters, the amplitude lies in the interval h_c(f = 10^-8 Hz)~5x10^-16 - 8x10^-15. The most optimistic predictions place the signal level at a factor of ~3 below the current sensitivity of Pulsar Timing Arrays, but within the detection range of the complete Parkes PTA for a wide variety of models, and of the future Square-Kilometer-Array PTA for all the models considered here. We also show that at frequencies >10^-8 Hz the frequency dependency of the generated background follows a power-law significantly steeper than f^-2/3, that has been considered so far. Finally we show that LISA observations of individual resolvable massive black hole binaries are complementary and orthogonal to PTA observations of a stochastic background from the whole population in the Universe. In fact, the detection of gravitational radiation in both frequency windows will enable us to fully characterise the cosmic history of massive black holes.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, minor revisions, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Investigation of Structured Doping Regions in Solar Cell Silicon by High Temperature Spatially-Resolved Lock-in Thermography
Creators: name: Lenz, M.
name: Pletzer, T.M.
name: Windgassen, H.
name: Knoch, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1448-1452
description: In recent years, significant performance improvements of industrial silicon solar cells have been achieved by
introducing novel structures such as selective emitters, where a lower emitter sheet resistance at contacted areas and higher
sheet resistance at illuminated areas is realized, as well as by employing selective front surface fields (FSF) and local back
surface fields (BSF). Fast and powerful measurement systems are necessary to assess the benefit and performance gain
related to these new structures and optimize them regarding surface and bulk lifetime of the generated charge carriers,
diffusion length and defect clusters. A high speed and accuracy of the measurement system enable fast in-line investigations
in an industrial environment as well as obtaining a fundamental understanding of the underlying physical processes that
allows for an optimization of the solar cells. To investigate locally dependent structures such as selective emitters studied in
this paper, spatially resolving measurement systems are required. To this end, spatially-resolved, lock-in thermography at
high temperatures is used in the present work. Selective emitters on passivated and unpassivated textured wafers are studied
to demonstrate the capability of the measurement technique for investigations of structured doped regions (such as FSF or
BSF) in silicon solar cells.
Flavor Physics in the Randall-Sundrum Model: I. Theoretical Setup and Electroweak Precision Tests
Creators: name: Casagrande, S.
name: Goertz, F.
name: Haisch, U.
name: Neubert, M.
name: Pfoh, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complete discussion of tree-level flavor-changing effects in the Randall-Sundrum (RS) model with brane-localized Higgs sector and bulk gauge and matter fields is presented. The bulk equations of motion for the gauge and fermion fields, supplemented by boundary conditions taking into account the couplings to the Higgs sector, are solved exactly. For gauge fields the Kaluza-Klein (KK) decomposition is performed in a covariant R_xi gauge. For fermions the mixing between different generations is included in a completely general way. The hierarchies observed in the fermion spectrum and the quark mixing matrix are explained naturally in terms of anarchic five-dimensional Yukawa matrices and wave-function overlap integrals. Detailed studies of the flavor-changing couplings of the Higgs boson and of gauge bosons and their KK excitations are performed, including in particular the couplings of the standard W and Z bosons. A careful analysis of electroweak precision observables including the S and T parameters and the Zbb couplings shows that the simplest RS model containing only Standard Model particles and their KK excitations is consistent with all experimental bounds for a KK scale as low as a few TeV, if one allows for a heavy Higgs boson and/or for an ultra-violet cutoff below the Planck scale. The study of flavor-changing effects includes analyses of the non-unitarity of the quark mixing matrix, anomalous right-handed couplings of the W bosons, tree-level flavor-changing neutral current couplings of the Z and Higgs bosons, the rare decays t-->c(u)+Z and t-->c(u)+h, and the flavor mixing among KK fermions. The results obtained in this work form the basis for general calculations of flavor-changing processes in the RS model and its extensions.
description: 70 pages, 12 figures. v2: Incorrect treatment of phases in zero-mode approximation corrected, and discussion of electroweak precision tests modified. v3: Additional minor modifications and typos corrected; version published in JHEP
Reproducibility and Open Scholarship: National Academies Efforts and Roles for Societies
Creators: name: McNutt, Marcia
name: Rubin, Philip
name: Stall, Shelley
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This seminar is part of a series to provide societies and their journals with information and resources to help their communities be more knowledgeable and prepared to share data (and software) in a way that is relevant and meaningful for each discipline. Reproducibility and Open Scholarship: National Academies Efforts and Roles for Societies 3 December 2021, 11am ET (1600 UTC) Speakers: Marcia McNutt, President, National Academy of Sciences Host and Moderator: Philip Rubin, President-Elect, Federation of Associations in Behavioral & Brain Sciences Description: Openness and accountability foster integrity and improve the quality of research. Structured appropriately, the open science process can empower researchers to do better research and improve public trust in science. However, advancing reproducibility-replicability-openness is difficult, requiring top-down policy approaches, grassroots efforts, and changes in both the culture and incentives across the enterprise. In recognition that persistent, multi-stakeholder efforts are needed to move the research enterprise in the desired direction and in response to recommendations from several National Academies consensus reports, we are establishing a new Strategic Council for Research Excellence, Integrity, and Trust. This new Strategic Council convenes stakeholders across the research enterprise to develop ways to promote high-quality research practices and to address conflicting expectations and incentives across the research enterprise that inhibit ethical behavior and integrity in the system. Other notable current Academies activities include the Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Science, workshops on Developing a Toolkit for Open Science Practices and on the Future of Methods Reporting, and a series of articles published in Issues in Science and Technology designed to advance ideas and spur discussion on how the scientific enterprise must evolve over the next 75 years. Many scientific societies have been actively leading efforts to address some or all of these issues. Our task now is to work together more effectively to advance a shared agenda. Seminar Recording: https://youtu.be/3aeq7ZnpczA
description: Special thank you to Laura Lyon of AGU and her support organizing and managing this seminar.
Angular momentum-Large-scale structure alignments in LCDM models and the SDSS
Creators: name: Paz, Dante
name: Stasyszyn, Federico
name: Padilla, Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the alignments between the angular momentum of individual objects and the large-scale structure in cosmological numerical simulations and real data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Data Release 6. To this end we measure anisotropies in the two point cross-correlation function around simulated halos and observed galaxies, studying separately the 1- and 2-halo regimes. The alignment of the angular momentum of dark-matter haloes in LCDM simulations is found to be dependent on scale and halo mass. At large distances (2-halo regime), the spins of high mass haloes are preferentially oriented in the direction perpendicular to the distribution of matter; lower mass systems show a weaker trend that may even reverse to show an angular momentum in the plane of the matter distribution. In the 1-halo term regime, the angular momentum is aligned in the direction perpendicular to the matter distribution; the effect is stronger than for the 1-halo term and increases for higher mass systems. On the observational side, we focus our study on galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Data Release 6 (SDSS-DR6) with elongated apparent shapes, and study alignments with respect to the major semi-axis. We find an excess of structure in the direction of the major semi-axis for all samples; the red sample shows the highest alignment (2.7+-0.08%) and indicates that the angular momentum of flattened spheroidals tends to be perpendicular to the large-scale structure. (Abridged)
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS; the definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.com
Evaluation of Photodiode and Thermopile Pyranometers for Photovoltaic Applications
Creators: name: Sengupta, M.
name: Gotseff, P.
name: Stoffel, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Standardisation

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3705-3708
description: Accurately determining photovoltaic (PV) module performance in the field requires measuring solar
irradiance reaching the PV panel at a high level of accuracy and known uncertainty. Silicon detectors used in various
solar energy measuring instruments that include reference cells are a potentially attractive choice for multiple
reasons, including faster responsivity than thermopile detectors, cheaper cost, and lower maintenance. The main
drawback, however, is that the silicon detectors are only spectrally responsive in a narrow part of the solar spectrum;
therefore, to determine broadband solar irradiance, a calibration factor that converts the narrowband response to
broadband is required. Normally, this calibration factor is a single number determined under standard conditions but
used for various scenarios, including varying airmass, panel orientation, and atmospheric conditions. This would not
have been an issue if all wavelengths that form the broadband spectrum responded uniformly to atmospheric
constituents. Unfortunately, the scattering and absorption signature varies widely across wavelengths, and the
calibration factor computed under certain test conditions is not appropriate for other conditions. This paper lays out
the issues that will arise from the use of silicon detectors for PV performance measurement in the field. We also
present a comparison of simultaneous spectral and broadband measurements from silicon and thermopile detectors
and estimated measurement errors when using silicon devices for both array performance and resource assessment.