cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electron Beam Dump Constraints on Light Bosons with Lepton Flavor Violating Couplings
Creators: name: Araki, Takeshi
name: Asai, Kento
name: Shimomura, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study constraints on light and feebly interacting bosons with lepton flavor violation from electron beam dump experiments. Scalar, vector, and dipole interactions of the bosons are analyzed, respectively, and excluded regions from the searches for decays into electron-positron pairs are derived. It is found that parameter regions unconstrained by flavor violating decays of muon can be excluded using the results of the E137 experiment. We also discuss the impact of the search for flavor violating decays of the light bosons in electron beam dump experiments.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Angular dependence of the interlayer coupling at the interface between two dimensional materials 1T-PtSe$_2$ and graphene
Creators: name: Mallet, P.
name: Ibrahim, F.
name: Abdukayumov, K.
name: Marty, A.
name: Vergnaud, C.
name: Bonell, F.
name: Chshiev, M.
name: Jamet, M.
name: Veuillen, J-Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, supported by ab initio calculations, of the interaction between graphene and monolayer (semiconducting) PtSe$_2$ as a function of the twist angle $θ$ between the two layers. We analyze the PtSe$_2$ contribution to the hybrid interface states that develop within the bandgap of the semiconductor to probe the interaction. The experimental data indicate that the interlayer coupling increases markedly with the value of $θ$, which is confirmed by ab initio calculations. The moiré patterns observed within the gap are consistent with a momentum conservation rule between hybridized states, and the strength of the hybridization can be qualitatively described by a perturbative model.
description: Article: 12 pages, 3 figures; Supporting Informations: 19 pages, 12 figures
Screening of anaesthetics in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) for the induction of euthanasia by overdose
Creators: name: von Krogh, Kristine
name: Higgins, Joseph
name: Torres, Yolanda Saavedra
name: Mocho, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: Genetics & Genomics
Model organisms
Imaging

description: Zebrafish are often euthanized by overdose of anaesthesia. However, fish may have aversion towards some anaesthetics, and protocol efficacy varies between species. Using wild type adult Danio rerio, we assessed time to loss of opercular beat, righting, and startle reflexes during induction of anaesthetic overdose by either tricaine (0.5 g/L or 1 g/L), benzocaine (1 g/L), 2-phenoxyethanol (3 mL/L), clove oil (0.1%), isoeugenol (540 mg/L), lidocaine hydrochloride (1 g/L), or etomidate (50 mg/L). Initial screening demonstrated that benzocaine and buffered lidocaine hydrochloride achieved the fastest loss of reflexes. The rapid induction times were confirmed when retesting using larger batches of fish. The fastest induction was obtained with 1 g/L lidocaine hydrochloride buffered with 2 g/L NaHCO3, in which all adult zebrafish lost reflexes in less than 2 min. Next, we monitored signs of distress during benzocaine or buffered lidocaine hydrochloride overdose induction. The results indicated that buffered lidocaine hydrochloride caused significantly less aversive behaviors than benzocaine. Finally, we tested several buffers to refine the lidocaine hydrochloride immersion. The most efficient buffer for euthanasia induction using 1g/L lidocaine hydrochloride was 2 g/L NaHCO3 with 50 mL/L 96% ethanol, inducing immobility in less than 10 s and with only 2% of adult zebrafish displaying aversive behaviors during treatment.
Effect of Noise Estimation in Time-Domain Ringdown Analysis: A Case Study with GW150914
Creators: name: Wang, Hai-Tian
name: Shao, Lijing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate noise estimation from gravitational wave (GW) data is critical for Bayesian inference. However, recent studies on ringdown signal, such as those by Isi et al. [1], Cotesta et al. [2], and Isi and Farr [3], have encountered disagreement in noise estimation, leading to inconsistent results. The key discrepancy between these studies lies in the usage of different noise estimation methods, augmented by the usage of different sampling rates. We achieved consistent results across various sampling rates by correctly managing noise estimation, shown in the case study of the GW150914 ringdown signal. By conducting a time-domain Bayesian inference analysis on GW data, starting from the peak of the signal, we discovered that the first overtone mode is weakly supported by the amplitude distribution, with a confidence level of $1.6σ$, and is slightly disfavored by the log-Bayes factor. Overall, in our time-domain analysis we conclude there is no strong evidence for overtones in GW150914.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Accepted by PRD
DEUS: Distributed Electronic Patient File Update System
Creators: name: Neumann, Christoph P.
name: Rampp, Florian
name: Lenz, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inadequate availability of patient information is a major cause for medical errors and affects costs in healthcare. Traditional approaches to information integration in healthcare do not solve the problem. Applying a document-oriented paradigm to systems integration enables inter-institutional information exchange in healthcare. The goal of the proposed architecture is to provide information exchange between strict autonomous healthcare institutions, bridging the gap between primary and secondary care. In a long-term healthcare data distribution scenario, the patient has to maintain sovereignty over any personal health information. Thus, the traditional publish-subscribe architecture is extended by a phase of human mediation within the data flow. DEUS essentially decouples the roles of information author and information publisher into distinct actors, resulting in a triangular data flow. The interaction scenario will be motivated. The significance of human mediation will be discussed. DEUS provides a carefully distinguished actor and role model for mediated pub-sub. The data flow between the participants is factored into distinct phases of information interchange. The artefact model is decomposed into role-dependent constituent parts. Both a domain specific (healthcare) terminology and a generic terminology is provided. From a technical perspective, the system design is presented. The sublayer for network transfer will be highlighted as well as the subsystem for human-machine interaction.
description: University of Erlangen, Dept. of Computer Science, Technical Reports, CS-2012-02, March 2012
Health state factors qualifying chronic and disabled patients for long-term domestic care in the Lublin and Silesian provinces.
Creators: name: Stasiak, Elżbieta
name: Gałęziowska, Edyta
name: Stasiak, Elżbieta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006

description: Ann. UMCS Sect. D 2006 vol. 61 supl. 16 nr 7 s. 218-221, bibliogr. sum, [Mylnie wydr. vol. 60].
The identification of information needs for planning and managing emergency department health services in British Columbia
Creators: name: Smyth, Barbara Laurel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The rapid and accelerating growth of hospital Emergency Department utilization over the past twenty years has transformed a once well-defined and well bounded care setting into a highly complex and integral component of a total health care system. This increasing role complexity has created a demand by hospital decision-makers for an information system to describe, measure and evaluate Emergency Department activity within the context of broader health care issues and activities. This study is an attempt to identify and integrate the information needs of the hospital decision-makers into a meaningful whole. The evolution of emergency care in British Columbia is described in order that needs for information will not be developed in isolation from the activities of major planning, funding and professional groups in the health services. Two major issues are identified in the literature - the utilization of Emergency Departments and thrusts towards classification or categorization of Emergency Department capabilities. From this, three major policy/planning foci are selected - day to day emergency care, disaster planning, and the "mopping-up" role of Emergency Departments. Ideas about these are developed in light of six classifications of information users' needs - patient care, management, quality of care, strategic planning, research and development and policy-formulation. "Needs" were validated by two panels of major decision-makers from a representative sample of Greater Vancouver Regional Hospital District Hospitals. The results of the investigation are analyzed in light of the issues of professional power and control and political influences and recommendations made as to the appropriate components of a hospital emergency department information system.
Evaluation of a Non-Coherent Ultra-Wideband Transceiver for Micropower Sensor Nodes
Creators: name: Imfeld, Jonah
name: Cortesi, Silvano
name: Mayer, Philipp
name: Magno, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Spatial and contextual awareness has the potential to revolutionize sensor nodes, enabling spatially augmented data collection and location-based services. With its high bandwidth, superior energy efficiency, and precise time-of-flight measurements, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology emerges as an ideal solution for such devices.
 This paper presents an evaluation and comparison of a non-coherent UWB transceiver within the context of highly energy-constrained wireless sensing nodes and pervasive Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Experimental results highlight the unique properties of UWB transceivers, showcasing efficient data transfer ranging from 2 kbit/s to 7.2 Mbit/s while reaching an energy consumption of 0.29 nJ/bit and 1.39 nJ/bit for transmitting and receiving, respectively. Notably, a ranging accuracy of up to +/-25 cm can be achieved. Moreover, the peak power consumption of the UWB transceiver is with 6.7 mW in TX and 23 mW in RX significantly lower than that of other commercial UWB transceivers.
description: This article has been accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE SENSORS conference. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS56945.2023.10325219
Multi-task Planar Reconstruction with Feature Warping Guidance
Creators: name: Wei, Luan
name: Hilsmann, Anna
name: Eisert, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Piece-wise planar 3D reconstruction simultaneously segments plane instances and recovers their 3D plane parameters from an image, which is particularly useful for indoor or man-made environments. Efficient reconstruction of 3D planes coupled with semantic predictions offers advantages for a wide range of applications requiring scene understanding and concurrent spatial mapping. However, most existing planar reconstruction models either neglect semantic predictions or do not run efficiently enough for real-time applications. We introduce SOLOPlanes, a real-time planar reconstruction model based on a modified instance segmentation architecture which simultaneously predicts semantics for each plane instance, along with plane parameters and piece-wise plane instance masks. We achieve an improvement in instance mask segmentation by including multi-view guidance for plane predictions in the training process. This cross-task improvement, training for plane prediction but improving the mask segmentation, is due to the nature of feature sharing in multi-task learning. Our model simultaneously predicts semantics using single images at inference time, while achieving real-time predictions at 43 FPS.
description: For code, see https://github.com/fraunhoferhhi/SOLOPlanes
A GPU-based Hydrodynamic Simulator with Boid Interactions
Creators: name: Liu, Xi
name: Kayar, Gizem
name: Perlin, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a hydrodynamic simulation system using the GPU compute shaders of DirectX for simulating virtual agent behaviors and navigation inside a smoothed particle hydrodynamical (SPH) fluid environment with real-time water mesh surface reconstruction. The current SPH literature includes interactions between SPH and heterogeneous meshes but seldom involves interactions between SPH and virtual boid agents. The contribution of the system lies in the combination of the parallel smoothed particle hydrodynamics model with the distributed boid model of virtual agents to enable agents to interact with fluids. The agents based on the boid algorithm influence the motion of SPH fluid particles, and the forces from the SPH algorithm affect the movement of the boids. To enable realistic fluid rendering and simulation in a particle-based system, it is essential to construct a mesh from the particle attributes. Our system also contributes to the surface reconstruction aspect of the pipeline, in which we performed a set of experiments with the parallel marching cubes algorithm per frame for constructing the mesh from the fluid particles in a real-time compute and memory-intensive application, producing a wide range of triangle configurations. We also demonstrate that our system is versatile enough for reinforced robotic agents instead of boid agents to interact with the fluid environment for underwater navigation and remote control engineering purposes.
Inflationary de Sitter solutions from superstrings
Creators: name: Kounnas, Costas
name: Partouche, Herve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of superstring compactifications with N=1 supersymmetry spontaneously broken, (by either geometrical fluxes, branes or else), we show the existence of new inflationary solutions. The time-trajectory of the scale factor of the metric a, the supersymmetry breaking scale m=m(Phi) and the temperature T are such that am and aT remain constant. These solutions request the presence of special moduli-fields: i) The universal "no-scale-modulus" Phi, which appears in all N=1 effective supergravity theories and defines the supersymmetry breaking scale m(Phi). ii) The modulus Phi_s, which appears in a very large class of string compactifications and has a Phi-dependent kinetic term. During the time evolution, a^4 rho_s remains constant as well, (rho_s being the energy density induced by the motion of Phi_s). The cosmological term Lambda(am), the curvature term k(am, aT) and the radiation term c_R=a^4 rho are dynamically generated in a controllable way by radiative and temperature corrections; they are effectively constant during the time evolution. Depending on Lambda, k and c_R, either a first or second order phase transition can occur in the cosmological scenario. In the first case, an instantonic Euclidean solution exists and connects via tunneling the inflationary evolution to another cosmological branch. The latter starts with a big bang and, in the case the transition does not occur, ends with a big crunch. In the second case, the big bang and the inflationary phase are smoothly connected.
description: 37 pages, 4 eps figures
ScopeSim: A flexible general purpose astronomical instrument data simulation framework in Python
Creators: name: Leschinski, Kieran
name: Buddelmeijer, Hugo
name: Czoske, Oliver
name: Verdugo, Miguel
name: Verdoes-Kleijn, Gijs
name: Zeilinger, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ScopeSim is a flexible multipurpose instrument data simulation framework built in Python. It enables both raw and reduced observation data to be simulated for a wide range of telescopes and instruments quickly and efficiently on a personal computer. The software is currently being used to generate simulated raw input data for developing the data reduction pipelines for the MICADO and METIS instruments at the ELT. The ScopeSim environment consists of three main packages which are responsible for providing on-sky target templates (ScopeSim_templates), the data to build the optical models of various telescopes and instruments (instrument reference database), and the simulation engine (ScopeSim). This strict division of responsibilities allows ScopeSim to be used to simulate observation data for many different instrument and telescope configurations for both imaging and spectroscopic instruments. ScopeSim has been built to avoid redundant calculations wherever possible. As such it is able to deliver simulated observations on time scales of seconds to minutes. All the code and data is open source and hosted on Github. The community is also most welcome, and indeed encouraged to contribute to code ideas, target templates, and instrument packages.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, SPIE 2020 conference proceeding. See https://scopesim.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ for more information
A three-dimensional numerical model of an active cell cortex in the viscous limit
Creators: name: Bächer, Christian
name: Khoromskaia, Diana
name: Salbreux, Guillaume
name: Gekle, Stephan
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: Structural Biology & Biophysics
Computational & Systems Biology

description: The cell cortex is a highly dynamic network of cytoskeletal filaments in which motor proteins induce active cortical stresses which in turn drive dynamic cellular processes such as cell motility, furrow formation or cytokinesis during cell division. Here, we develop a three-dimensional computational model of a cell cortex in the viscous limit including active cortical flows. Combining active gel and thin shell theory, we base our computational tool directly on the force balance equations for the velocity field on a discretized and arbitrarily deforming cortex. Since our method is based on the general force balance equations, it can easily be extended to more complex biological dependencies in terms of the constitutive laws or a dynamic coupling to a suspending fluid. We validate our algorithm by investigating the formation of a cleavage furrow on a biological cell immersed in a passive outer fluid, where we successfully compare our results to axi-symmetric simulations. We then apply our fully three-dimensional algorithm to fold formation and to study furrow formation under the influence of non-axisymmetric disturbances such as external shear. We report a reorientation mechanism by which the cell autonomously realigns its axis perpendicular to the furrow plane thus contributing to the robustness of cell division under realistic environmental conditions.
Prospects for probing small-scale dark matter models with pulsars around Sagittarius A*
Creators: name: Hu, Zexin
name: Shao, Lijing
name: Zhang, Fupeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future observations with next-generation large-area radio telescopes are expected to discover radio pulsars (PSRs) closely orbiting around Sagittarius~A* (Sgr~A*), the supermassive black hole (SMBH) dwelling at our Galactic Center (GC). Such a system can provide a unique laboratory for testing General Relativity (GR), as well as the astrophysics around the GC. In this paper, we provide a numerical timing model for PSR-SMBH systems based on the post-Newtonian (PN) equation of motion, and use it to explore the prospects of measuring the black hole (BH) properties with pulsar timing. We further consider the perturbation caused by the dark matter (DM) distribution around Sgr~A*, and the possibility of constraining DM models with PSR-SMBH systems. Assuming a 5-year observation of a normal pulsar in an eccentric ($e=0.8$) orbit with an orbital period $P_b = 0.5\,$yr, we find that -- with weekly recorded times of arrival (TOAs) and a timing precision of 1 ms -- the power-law index of DM density distribution near the GC can be constrained to about 20%. Such a measurement is comparable to those measurements at the Galactic length scale but can reveal small-scale properties of the DM.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, accepted by PRD
การประเมินผลหลักสูตรฝึกอบรม ความรู้เกี่ยวกับการวิจัยทางสังคมศาสตร์
Creators: name: อภิสิทธิ์ คุณวรปัญญา, คำรณ โชธนะโชติ
Publisher: name: คณะสิ่งแวดล้อมและทรัพยากรศาสตร์
Year: 2557
Subjects: การประเมินผลหลักสูตร, ความรู้ความเข้าใจในเนื้อหาหลักสูตร, การนำความรู้ไปใช้ประโยชน์,ประสิทธิภาพการปฏิบัติงาน

description: 1, 1, วารสารการพัฒนางานประจำสู่งานวิจัย
2023 Update of $\varepsilon_K$ with lattice QCD inputs
Creators: name: Jwa, Seungyeob
name: Kim, Jeehun
name: Kim, Sunghee
name: Lee, Sunkyu
name: Lee, Weonjong
name: Leem, Jaehoon
name: Pak, Jeonghwan
name: Park, Sungwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report recent progress on $\varepsilon_K$ evaluated directly from the standard model (SM) with lattice QCD inputs such as $\hat{B}_K$, $|V_{cb}|$, $|V_{us}|$, $|V_{ud}|$, $ξ_0$, $ξ_2$, $ξ_\text{LD}$, $f_K$, and $m_c$. We find that the standard model with exclusive $|V_{cb}|$ and lattice QCD inputs describes only 66\% of the experimental value of $|\varepsilon_K|$ and does not explain its remaining 34\%, which corresponds to a strong tension in $|\varepsilon_K|$ at the $4.9σ\sim 3.9σ$ level between the SM theory and experiment. We also find that this tension disappears when we use the inclusive value of $|V_{cb}|$ obtained using the heavy quark expansion based on the QCD sum rule approach.
description: 11 pages, 8 tables, 4 figures, Lattice 2023 proceedings. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2301.12375, arXiv:2202.11473. references are added
Reddiment: Eine SvelteKit- und ElasticSearch-basierte Reddit Sentiment-Analyse
Creators: name: Bauer, Tobias
name: Beer, Fabian
name: Holl, Daniel
name: Imeraj, Ardian
name: Schweiger, Konrad
name: Stangl, Philipp
name: Weigl, Wolfgang
name: Neumann, Christoph P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reddiment is a web-based dashboard that links sentiment analysis of subreddit texts with share prices. The system consists of a backend, frontend and various services. The backend, in Node.js, manages the data and communicates with crawlers that collect Reddit comments and stock market data. Sentiment is analyzed with the help of Vader and TextBlob. The frontend, based on SvelteKit, provides users with a dashboard for visualization. The distribution is carried out via Docker containers and Docker Compose. The project offers expansion options, e.g. the integration of cryptocurrency rates. Reddiment enables the analysis of sentiment and share prices from subreddit data.
description: Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Amberg-Weiden, CyberLytics-Lab, Technical Reports, CL-2022-06, July 2022, in German language
Detección de una mutación en el protooncogén RET causante de neoplasia endocrina múltiple de tipo 2A (MEN2A) empleando PCR y enzima de restricción (Práctica en laboratorio virtual Cibertorio)
Creators: name: Herráez, Angel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: RFLP
PCR
RET
oncogén
MEN2A
in silico
laboratorio virtual
simulación
restricción
mutación

description: Guión de trabajo para el laboratorio virtual «Cibertorio» en Biomodel.UAH.es La neoplasia MEN2A aparece como consecuencia de mutaciones del protooncogén RET. Se puede realizar un diagnóstico presintomático detectando directamente en una muestra de DNA genómico la mutación más frecuente, que hace aparecer una secuencia diana para la enzima de restricción Hin 6I. Objetivo: Analizar el material genético obtenido de muestras de varios pacientes, empleando una pareja de cebadores específica para una región del exón 11 que incluye el punto polimórfico donde se ubica la mutación T>C responsable de MEN2A. Se amplifica con PCR la región de interés del DNA genómico de los pacientes y a continuación se analizan en electroforesis los fragmentos resultantes de la acción de la enzima de restricción.
Calculating effective resistances on underlying networks of association schemes
Creators: name: Jafarizadeh, M. A.
name: Sufiani, R.
name: Jafarizadeh, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, in Refs. \cite{jsj} and \cite{res2}, calculation of effective resistances on distance-regular networks was investigated, where in the first paper, the calculation was based on stratification and Stieltjes function associated with the network, whereas in the latter one a recursive formula for effective resistances was given based on the Christoffel-Darboux identity. In this paper, evaluation of effective resistances on more general networks which are underlying networks of association schemes is considered, where by using the algebraic combinatoric structures of association schemes such as stratification and Bose-Mesner algebras, an explicit formula for effective resistances on these networks is given in terms of the parameters of corresponding association schemes. Moreover, we show that for particular underlying networks of association schemes with diameter $d$ such that the adjacency matrix $A$ possesses $d+1$ distinct eigenvalues, all of the other adjacency matrices $A_i$, $i\neq 0,1$ can be written as polynomials of $A$, i.e., $A_i=P_i(A)$, where $P_i$ is not necessarily of degree $i$. Then, we use this property for these particular networks and assume that all of the conductances except for one of them, say $c\equiv c_1=1$, are zero to give a procedure for evaluating effective resistances on these networks. The preference of this procedure is that one can evaluate effective resistances by using the structure of their Bose-Mesner algebra without any need to know the spectrum of the adjacency matrices.
description: 41 pages
Stalker states: Are democracies more likely to snoop on citizens’ data on Facebook?
Creators: name: Panao, By Rogelio Alicor L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Conventionally, surveillance as a governance apparatus is associated with authoritarian states and frowned upon as anathema to liberal democracy. This article argues that, contrary to common notion, democracies are actually more likely to solicit user data from social media repositories in the guise of protecting national security or facilitating legal processes. Government requests of social media user data allow states to circumvent constitutionally and statutorily guaranteed protection against citizen surveillance. Drawing from an econometric analysis of Facebook data requests made by governments in 176 countries from 2013 to 2023, we provide evidence of propensity by democracies to request user data compared to their authoritarian and hybrid counterparts. Although governments sometimes make requests for private data as part of legal processes and in aid of official investigations, we find that a significant portion of these requests are made in the pretext of emergencies and, thus, lack legal warrants. Overall, the findings lend credence to looming concern over how social media data are exploited in the name of national security, and point to the need for greater transparency and accountability from government.
Comment on "Investigation of the anisotropic distribution of microdosimetric quantities in the vicinity of X-ray-irradiated gold nanoparticles" by Derrien et al. [Radiation Physics and Chemistry 213, 111232 (2023)]
Creators: name: Rabus, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In their recent article, Derrien et al. (Derrien et al., 2023) study the anisotropy of microdosimetric quantities for spherical sites of several sizes placed around spherical gold nanoparticles of several diameters irradiated by monoenergetic photons. This comment points out that (1) the reported single event distributions of specific energy may be biased due to overcounting. (2) by considering only energy imparted by electrons produced in photon interactions in the nanoparticle, the magnitude of the anisotropy is overestimated by up to orders of magnitude with respect to an irradiation under conditions of secondary particle equilibrium.
description: 4 pages, 2 Tables, accepeted for publication by Radiation Physics and Chemistry, December 10th, 2023
Detection of a mutation in protooncogene RET causing multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2A (MEN2A), using PCR and a restriction enzyme (Practical activity in the Cybertory virtual laboratory)
Creators: name: Herráez, Angel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: RFLP
PCR
RET
oncogene
MEN2A
in silico
virtual laboratory
simulation
restriction
mutation

description: A protocol to work on the «Cybertory» virtual laboratory at Biomodel.UAH.es MEN2A neoplasia results from mutations if the RET protooncogene. A presymptomatic diagnosis is feasible by detecting in a sample of genomic DNA the most common mutation, which produces a new target sequence for the Hin 6I restriction enzyme. Objective: Analysis of genetic material obtained from samples from several patients, using a pair of primers specific for a region in exon 11 which includes the polymorphic point of the T>C mutation responsible for MEN2A. PCR is used to amplify the region of interest in genomic DNA from the patients and fragments resulting from the action of restriction enzyme are analysed in electrophoresis.
Child/machine interaction in reflexive environment. The MIROR platform
Creators: name: Addessi, Anna Rita
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: L-ART/07 Musicologia e storia della musica

description: This paper introduces the MIROR Platform, an innovative adaptive device for music and dance education, proposed in the framework of the EU-ICT project MIROR-Musical Interaction Relying On Reflexion. In concluding the MIROR project, 3 software applications (MIROR-Impro, MIROR-Compo and MIROR-Body Gesture) and the draft version of the User’s and Teacher’s Guides have been accomplished. In this paper, the technological and pedagogical principles of the MIROR platform, notably the “reflexive interaction” paradigm, the 3 applications and related experiments will be introduced. Finally, the  draft of the full architecture of the platform is presented.
IR-UWB Radar-Based Contactless Silent Speech Recognition of Vowels, Consonants, Words, and Phrases
Creators: name: Lee, Sunghwa
name: Shin, Younghoon
name: Kim, Myungjong
name: Seo, Jiwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several sensing techniques have been proposed for silent speech recognition (SSR); however, many of these methods require invasive processes or sensor attachment to the skin using adhesive tape or glue, rendering them unsuitable for frequent use in daily life. By contrast, impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar can operate without physical contact with users' articulators and related body parts, offering several advantages for SSR. These advantages include high range resolution, high penetrability, low power consumption, robustness to external light or sound interference, and the ability to be embedded in space-constrained handheld devices. This study demonstrated IR-UWB radar-based contactless SSR using four types of speech stimuli (vowels, consonants, words, and phrases). To achieve this, a novel speech feature extraction algorithm specifically designed for IR-UWB radar-based SSR is proposed. Each speech stimulus is recognized by applying a classification algorithm to the extracted speech features. Two different algorithms, multidimensional dynamic time warping (MD-DTW) and deep neural network-hidden Markov model (DNN-HMM), were compared for the classification task. Additionally, a favorable radar antenna position, either in front of the user's lips or below the user's chin, was determined to achieve higher recognition accuracy. Experimental results demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed speech feature extraction algorithm combined with DNN-HMM for classifying vowels, consonants, words, and phrases. Notably, this study represents the first demonstration of phoneme-level SSR using contactless radar.
description: Submitted to IEEE Access
Strong inelastic scattering of slow electrons by optical near fields of small nanoparticles
Creators: name: Hergert, Germann
name: Woeste, Andreas
name: Gross, Petra
name: Lienau, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of swift, free-space electrons with confined optical near fields has recently sparked much interest. It enables a new type of photon-induced near-field electron microscopy, mapping local optical near fields around nanoparticles with exquisite spatial and spectral resolution and lies at the heart of quantum state manipulation and attosecond pulse shaping of free electrons. The corresponding interaction of optical near fields with slow electrons has achieved much less attention, even though the lower electron velocity may enhance electron-near-field coupling for small nanoparticles. A first-principle theoretical study of such interactions has been reported very recently [N. Talebi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 080401 (2020)]. Building up on this work, we investigate, both analytically and numerically, the inelastic scattering of slow electrons by near fields of small nanostructures. For weak fields, this results in distinct angular diffraction patterns that represent, to first order, the Fourier transform of the transverse variation of the scalar near-field potential along the direction perpendicular to the electron propagation. For stronger fields, scattering by the near-field component along the electron trajectory results in a break-up of the energy spectrum into multiple photon orders. Their angular diffraction patterns are given by integer powers of the Fourier transform of the transverse potential variation and are shifting in phase with photon order. Our analytical model offers an efficient approach for studying the effects of electron kinetic energy, near field shape and strength on the diffraction and thus may facilitate the experimental observation of these phenomena by, e.g., ultrafast low-energy point-projection microscopy or related techniques. This could provide simultaneous access to different vectorial components of the optical near fields of small nanoparticles.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Vibrational instability, two-level systems and Boson peak in glasses
Creators: name: Parshin, D. A.
name: Gurevich, V. L.
name: Schober, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the same physical mechanism is fundamental for two seemingly different phenomena such as the formation of two-level systems in glasses and the Boson peak in the reduced density of low-frequency vibrational states g(w)/w^2. This mechanism is the vibrational instability of weakly interacting harmonic modes. Below some frequency w_c << w_0 (where w_0 is of the order of Debye frequency) the instability, controlled by the anharmonicity, creates a new stable universal spectrum of harmonic vibrations with a Boson peak feature as well as double-well potentials with a wide distribution of barrier heights. Both are determined by the strength of the interaction I ~ w_c between the oscillators. Our theory predicts in a natural way a small value for the important dimensionless parameter C ~ 10^{-4} for two-level systems in glasses. We show that C ~ I^{-3} and decreases with increasing of the interaction strength I. We show that the number of active two-level systems is very small, less than one per ten million of oscillators, in a good agreement with experiment. Within the unified approach developed in the present paper the density of the tunneling states and the density of vibrational states at the Boson peak frequency are interrelated.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures
A test suite for quantitative comparison of hydrodynamics codes in astrophysics
Creators: name: Tasker, Elizabeth J.
name: Brunino, Riccardo
name: Mitchell, Nigel L.
name: Michielsen, Dolf
name: Hopton, Stephen
name: Pearce, Frazer R.
name: Bryan, Greg L.
name: Theuns, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test four commonly used astrophysical simulation codes; Enzo, Flash, Gadget and Hydra, using a suite of numerical problems with analytic initial and final states. Situations similar to the conditions of these tests, a Sod shock, a Sedov blast and both a static and translating King sphere occur commonly in astrophysics, where the accurate treatment of shocks, sound waves, supernovae explosions and collapsed haloes is a key condition for obtaining reliable validated simulations. We demonstrate that comparable results can be obtained for Lagrangian and Eulerian codes by requiring that approximately one particle exists per grid cell in the region of interest. We conclude that adaptive Eulerian codes, with their ability to place refinements in regions of rapidly changing density, are well suited to problems where physical processes are related to such changes. Lagrangian methods, on the other hand, are well suited to problems where large density contrasts occur and the physics is related to the local density itself rather than the local density gradient.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Learning Ideological Embeddings from Information Cascades
Creators: name: Monti, Corrado
name: Manco, Giuseppe
name: Aslay, Cigdem
name: Bonchi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.4; G.3

description: Modeling information cascades in a social network through the lenses of the ideological leaning of its users can help understanding phenomena such as misinformation propagation and confirmation bias, and devising techniques for mitigating their toxic effects. In this paper we propose a stochastic model to learn the ideological leaning of each user in a multidimensional ideological space, by analyzing the way politically salient content propagates. In particular, our model assumes that information propagates from one user to another if both users are interested in the topic and ideologically aligned with each other. To infer the parameters of our model, we devise a gradient-based optimization procedure maximizing the likelihood of an observed set of information cascades. Our experiments on real-world political discussions on Twitter and Reddit confirm that our model is able to learn the political stance of the social media users in a multidimensional ideological space.
description: Published in CIKM 2021
Synchrony between daily rhythms of malaria parasites and hosts is driven by an essential amino acid
Creators: name: Prior, Kimberley F
name: Middleton, Benita
name: Owolabi, Alíz TY
name: Westwood, Mary L
name: Holland, Jacob
name: O'Donnell, Aidan J
name: Blackman, Michael J
name: Skene, Debra J
name: Reece, Sarah E
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Model organisms
subject: Biochemistry & Proteomics
subject: Structural Biology & Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Infectious Disease
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Rapid asexual replication of blood stage malaria parasites is responsible for the severity of disease symptoms and fuels the production of transmission forms. Here, we demonstrate that a Plasmodium chabaudi’s schedule for asexual replication can be orchestrated by isoleucine, a metabolite provided to the parasite in a periodic manner due to the host’s rhythmic intake of food. Methods: We infect female C57BL/6 and Per1/2-null mice which have a disrupted canonical (transcription translation feedback loop, TTFL) clock with 1×105 red blood cells containing P. chabaudi (DK genotype). We perturb the timing of rhythms in asexual replication and host feeding-fasting cycles to identify nutrients with rhythms that match all combinations of host and parasite rhythms. We then test whether perturbing the availability of the best candidate nutrient in vitro changes the schedule for asexual development. Results: Our large-scale metabolomics experiment and follow up experiments reveal that only one metabolite - the amino acid isoleucine – fits criteria for a time-of-day cue used by parasites to set the schedule for replication. The response to isoleucine is a parasite strategy rather than solely the consequences of a constraint imposed by host rhythms, because unlike when parasites are deprived of other essential nutrients, they suffer no apparent costs from isoleucine withdrawal. Conclusions: Overall, our data suggest parasites can use the daily rhythmicity of blood-isoleucine concentration to synchronise asexual development with the availability of isoleucine, and potentially other resources, that arrive in the blood in a periodic manner due to the host’s daily feeding-fasting cycle. Identifying both how and why parasites keep time opens avenues for interventions; interfering with the parasite’s time-keeping mechanism may stall replication, increasing the efficacy of drugs and immune responses, and could also prevent parasites from entering dormancy to tolerate drugs.
Dressing a Naked Singularity: an Example
Creators: name: Brandt, C. F. C.
name: Chan, R.
name: da Silva, M. F. A.
name: da Rocha, J. F. Villas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering the evolution of a perfect fluid with self-similarity of the second kind, we have found that an initial naked singularity can be trapped by an event horizon due to collapsing matter. The fluid moves along time-like geodesics with a self-similar parameter $α= -3$. Since the metric obtained is not asymptotically flat, we match the spacetime of the fluid with a Schwarzschild spacetime. All the energy conditions are fulfilled until the naked singularity.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure. This version corrects an error in the calculus of the pressure and in the conclusions
Efficient Global-Local Memory for Real-time Instrument Segmentation of Robotic Surgical Video
Creators: name: Wang, Jiacheng
name: Jin, Yueming
name: Wang, Liansheng
name: Cai, Shuntian
name: Heng, Pheng-Ann
name: Qin, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Performing a real-time and accurate instrument segmentation from videos is of great significance for improving the performance of robotic-assisted surgery. We identify two important clues for surgical instrument perception, including local temporal dependency from adjacent frames and global semantic correlation in long-range duration. However, most existing works perform segmentation purely using visual cues in a single frame. Optical flow is just used to model the motion between only two frames and brings heavy computational cost. We propose a novel dual-memory network (DMNet) to wisely relate both global and local spatio-temporal knowledge to augment the current features, boosting the segmentation performance and retaining the real-time prediction capability. We propose, on the one hand, an efficient local memory by taking the complementary advantages of convolutional LSTM and non-local mechanisms towards the relating reception field. On the other hand, we develop an active global memory to gather the global semantic correlation in long temporal range to current one, in which we gather the most informative frames derived from model uncertainty and frame similarity. We have extensively validated our method on two public benchmark surgical video datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that our method largely outperforms the state-of-the-art works on segmentation accuracy while maintaining a real-time speed.