cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Framework to Capture Dynamic Traffic Trends from Historical Sensor Data
Creators: name: Gaviria, Carlos
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2018

description: The typical approach of increasing infrastructure to alleviate traffic issues such as congestion is becoming unviable due to limited space, high cost, and associated externalities. Control and management strategies using Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) seek to maximize the use of existent infrastructure. Many ITS strategies, such as the deployment of information, require or benefit from knowledge about traffic patterns and trends. This study proposes a mathematical programming formulation and solution algorithm that considers multiple time intervals for the estimation of network-wide traffic states and calculation of the corresponding transition probabilities. The proposed solution enables the determination of sections of the network with high traffic variability. This enables the location of congested zones and the determination of reliable traffic flow characteristics. Results from analyzing network level data suggest a trend for congested periods and predominant traffic states in the time intervals considered. It is observed that limited route choices during these periods affected the number of traffic states. From the results set a forecasting system that considers the traffic conditions of multiple time intervals simultaneously was developed and validated with the 10-fold cross validation method. This system presents one of the applications of the joint analysis of clustering of traffic characteristics and associated transition probabilities.
Correction: Limit theorems for coupled continuous time random walks
Creators: name: Kern, Peter
name: Meerschaert, Mark M.
name: Scheffler, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Correction to "Limit theorems for coupled continuous time random walks" (Ann. Probab. 32 (2004) 730-756).
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOP635 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 3 of Clinician approaches to spinal manipulation for persistent spinal pain after lumbar surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data
Creators: name: Trager, Robert J.
name: Daniels, Clinton J.
name: Meyer, Kevin W.
name: Stout, Amber C.
name: Dusek, Jeffery A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Sensitivity analysis.
A Detailed Gravitational Lens Model Based on Submillimeter Array and Keck Adaptive Optics Imaging of a Herschel-ATLAS Sub-millimeter Galaxy at z=4.243
Creators: name: Bussmann, R. S.
name: Gurwell, M. A.
name: Fu, Hai
name: Smith, D. J. B.
name: Dye, S.
name: Auld, R.
name: Baes, M.
name: Baker, A. J.
name: Bonfield, D.
name: Cava, A.
name: Clements, D. L.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Coppin, K.
name: Dannerbauer, H.
name: Dariush, A.
name: De Zotti, G.
name: Dunne, L.
name: Eales, S.
name: Fritz, J.
name: Hopwood, R.
name: Ibar, E.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Jarvis, M. J.
name: Kim, S.
name: Leeuw, L. L.
name: Maddox, S.
name: Michalowski, M. J.
name: Negrello, M.
name: Pascale, E.
name: Pohlen, M.
name: Riechers, D. A.
name: Rigby, E.
name: Scott, Douglas
name: Temi, P.
name: Van der Werf, P. P.
name: Verma, A.
name: Wardlow, J.
name: Wilner, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-spatial resolution imaging obtained with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) at 880um and the Keck Adaptive Optics (AO) system at Ks-band of a gravitationally lensed sub-millimeter galaxy (SMG) at z=4.243 discovered in the Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey. The SMA data (angular resolution ~0.6") resolve the dust emission into multiple lensed images, while the Keck AO Ks-band data (angular resolution ~0.1") resolve the lens into a pair of galaxies separated by 0.3". We present an optical spectrum of the foreground lens obtained with the Gemini-South telescope that provides a lens redshift of z_lens = 0.595 +/- 0.005. We develop and apply a new lens modeling technique in the visibility plane that shows that the SMG is magnified by a factor of mu = 4.1 +/- 0.2 and has an intrinsic infrared (IR) luminosity of L_IR = (2.1 +/- 0.2) x 10^13 Lsun. We measure a half-light radius of the background source of r_s = 4.4 +/- 0.5 kpc which implies an IR luminosity surface density of Sigma_IR = (3.4 +/- 0.9) x 10^11 Lsun kpc^-2, a value that is typical of z > 2 SMGs but significantly lower than IR luminous galaxies at z~0. The two lens galaxies are compact (r_lens ~ 0.9 kpc) early-types with Einstein radii of theta_E1 = 0.57 +/- 0.01 and theta_E2 = 0.40 +/- 0.01 that imply masses of M_lens1 = (7.4 +/- 0.5) x 10^10 Msun and M_lens2 = (3.7 +/- 0.3) x 10^10 Msun. The two lensing galaxies are likely about to undergo a dissipationless merger, and the mass and size of the resultant system should be similar to other early-type galaxies at z~0.6. This work highlights the importance of high spatial resolution imaging in developing models of strongly lensed galaxies discovered by Herschel.
description: Accepted to the ApJ. 12 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Neutrino Oscillations in Finite Time Path Out-of-Equilibrium Thermal Field Theory
Creators: name: Dadić, Ivan
name: Klabučar, Dubravko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the Finite-Time-Path Field Theory is an adequate tool for calculating neutrino oscillations. We apply this theory using a mass-mixing Lagrangian which involves the correct Dirac spin and chirality structure and a Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS)-like mixing matrix. The model is exactly solvable. The Dyson-Schwinger equations transform propagators of the input free (massless) flavor neutrinos into a linear combination of oscillating (massive) neutrinos. The results are consistent with the predictions of the PMNS matrix while allowing for extrapolation to early times.
description: 19 pages, published in the Special Issue "Selected Papers from ACHT 2021: Perspectives in Particle, Cosmo- and Astroparticle Theory", https://www.mdpi.com/journal/symmetry/special_issues/ACHT_2021
Quantifying Chemical Tagging: Towards Robust Group Finding in the Galaxy
Creators: name: Mitschang, A. W.
name: De Silva, G.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Zucker, D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first generation of large-scale chemical tagging surveys, in particular the HERMES/GALAH million star survey, promises to vastly expand our understanding of the chemical and dynamical evolution of the Galaxy. This, however, is contingent on our ability to confidently perform chemical tagging on such a large data-set. Chemical homogeneity has been observed across a range of elements within several Galactic open clusters, yet the level to which this is the case globally, and particularly in comparison to the scatter across clusters themselves, is not well understood. The patterns of elements in coeval cluster members, occupying a complex chemical abundance space, are rooted in the evolution, ultimately the nature of the very late stages, of early generations of stars. The current astrophysical models of such stages are not yet sufficient to explain all observations, combining with our significant gaps in the understanding of star formation, makes this a difficult arena to tackle theoretically. Here, we describe a robust pair-wise metric used to gauge the chemical difference between two stellar components. This metric is then applied to a database of high-resolution literature abundance sources to derive a function describing the probability that two stars are of common evolutionary origin. With this cluster probability function, it will be possible to report a confidence, grounded in empirical observational evidence, with which clusters are detected, independent of the group finding methods. This formulation is also used to probe the role of chemical dimensionality, and that of individual chemical species, on the ability of chemical tagging to differentiate coeval groups of stars.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Critical Success Factors of BI Project Implementation: An Implementation Methodology Perspective
Creators: name: Ranjbarfard, Mina
name: hatami, zeynab
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150301 Business Information Management (incl. Records, Knowledge and Information Management, and Intelligence)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150302 Business Information Systems

description: The purpose of this paper is to identify Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for Business Intelligence (BI) implementation projects by studying the existing BI project implementation methodologies and to compare these methodologies based on the identified CSFs.
Variational convergence of gradient flows and rate-independent evolutions in metric spaces
Creators: name: Mielke, Alexander
name: Rossi, Riccarda
name: Savare', Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the asymptotic behaviour of families of gradient flows in a general metric setting, when the metric-dissipation potentials degenerate in the limit to a dissipation with linear growth. We present a general variational definition of BV solutions to metric evolutions, showing the different characterization of the solution in the absolutely continuous regime, on the singular Cantor part, and along the jump transitions. By using tools of metric analysis, BV functions and blow-up by time rescaling, we show that this variational notion is stable with respect to a wide class of perturbations involving energies, distances, and dissipation potentials. As a particular application, we show that BV solutions to rate-independent problems arise naturally as a limit of $p$-gradient flows, $p>1$, when the exponents $p$ converge to 1.
Characteristic features of self-avoiding active Brownian polymers under linear shear flow
Creators: name: Panda, Arindam
name: Winkler, Roland G.
name: Singh, Sunil P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Brownian dynamics simulation results of a flexible linear polymer with excluded-volume interactions under shear flow in the presence of active noise. The active noise strongly affects the polymer's conformational and dynamical properties, such as the stretching in the flow direction and compression in the gradient direction, shear-induced alignment, and shear viscosity. In the asymptotic limit of large activities and shear rates, the power-law scaling exponents of these quantities differ significantly from those of passive polymers. The chain's shear-induced stretching at a given shear rate is reduced by active noise, and it displays a non-monotonic behavior, where an initial polymer compression is followed by its stretching with increasing active force.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
Dephasing in the adiabatic rapid passage in quantum dots: the role of phonon-assisted biexciton generation
Creators: name: Gawarecki, K.
name: Lüker, S.
name: Reiter, D. E.
name: Kuhn, T.
name: Glässl, M.
name: Axt, V. M.
name: Grodecka-Grad, A.
name: Machnikowski, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of an exciton confined in a quantum dot adiabatically controlled by a frequency-swept (chirped) laser pulse in the presence of carrier-phonon coupling. We focus on the dynamics induced by a linearly polarized beam and analyze the decoherence due to phonon-assisted biexciton generation. We show that if the biexciton state is shifted down by a few meV, as is typically the case, the resulting decoherence is strong even at low temperatures. As a result, efficient state preparation is restricted to a small parameter area corresponding to low temperatures, positive chirps and moderate pulse areas.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Overall childbirth experience: what does it mean? A comparison between an overall childbirth experience rating and the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire 2
Creators: name: Viirman, Frida
name: Hesselman, Susanne
name: Poromaa, Inger Sundström
name: Svanberg, Agneta Skoog
name: Wikman, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary table 1. Descriptive statistics for Childbirth Experience Questionnaire 2, shown as subscale and total scale scores, stratified on spontaneous or induced onset of labour, n = 2830.
Anisotropic massive strings in scalar-tensor theory of gravitation
Creators: name: Yadav, Anil Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the model of anisotropic universe with string fluid as source of matter within the framework of scalar-tensor theory of gravitation. Exact solution of field equations are obtained by applying Berman's law of variation of Hubble's parameter which yields a constant value of DP. The nature of classical potential is examined for the model under consideration. It has been also found that the massive strings dominate in early universe and at long last disappear from universe. This is in agreement with current astronomical observations. The physical and dynamical properties of model are also discussed.
description: 12 pages, 5 figurs
Einstein-Cartan gravitational collapse of a homogeneous Weyssenhoff fluid
Creators: name: Ziaie, Amir Hadi
name: Moniz, Paulo Vargas
name: Ranjbar, Arash
name: Sepangi, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the gravitational collapse of a spherically symmetric homogeneous matter distribution consisting of a Weyssenhoff fluid in the presence of a negative cosmological constant. Our aim is to investigate the effects of torsion and spin averaged terms on the final outcome of the collapse. For a specific interior spacetime setup, namely the homogeneous and isotropic FLRW metric, we obtain two classes of solutions to the field equations where depending on the relation between spin source parameters, $(i)$ the collapse procedure culminates in a spacetime singularity or $(ii)$ it is replaced by a non-singular bounce. We show that, under certain conditions, for a specific subset of the former solutions, the formation of trapped surfaces is prevented and thus the resulted singularity could be naked. The curvature singularity that forms could be gravitationally strong in the sense of Tipler. Our numerical analysis for the latter solutions shows that the collapsing dynamical process experiences four phases, so that two of which occur at the pre-bounce and the other two at post-bounce regimes. We further observe that there can be found a minimum radius for the apparent horizon curve, such that the main outcome of which is that there exists an upper bound for the size of the collapsing body, below which no horizon forms throughout the whole scenario.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures
Statistical Modeling of Spatial Extremes
Creators: name: Davison, A. C.
name: Padoan, S. A.
name: Ribatet, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The areal modeling of the extremes of a natural process such as rainfall or temperature is important in environmental statistics; for example, understanding extreme areal rainfall is crucial in flood protection. This article reviews recent progress in the statistical modeling of spatial extremes, starting with sketches of the necessary elements of extreme value statistics and geostatistics. The main types of statistical models thus far proposed, based on latent variables, on copulas and on spatial max-stable processes, are described and then are compared by application to a data set on rainfall in Switzerland. Whereas latent variable modeling allows a better fit to marginal distributions, it fits the joint distributions of extremes poorly, so appropriately-chosen copula or max-stable models seem essential for successful spatial modeling of extremes.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-STS376 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: DIET OF A RECENTLY REINTRODUCED RIVER OTTER (LONTRA CANADENSIS) POPULATION IN TAOS COUNTY, NEW MEXICO
Creators: name: Wolf-Gonzalez, Gabriela Alexandra
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2020

description: North American river otters (Lontra canadensis), native to every U.S. state and Canada, experienced extensive population decreases and range reduction until the mid-20th century as a result of overexploitation and habitat loss during European colonization. The last known river otter in New Mexico was killed on the Gila River in 1953, although unverified reports continued thru 2008. After a nearly 60-year absence from New Mexico, 33 adult river otters were reintroduced to the Rio Pueblo de Taos in the northern part of the state between 2008-2010; however, they were not subsequently monitored or studied. I characterized diet of this reintroduced otter population by collecting 877 scat samples from 20 latrine sites located on major rivers (Rio Grande = 16, Red River = 2, Rio Pueblo = 2) in Taos County, New Mexico between February, and December 2018. Hard prey remains were identified to family for fish and order for crayfish. Crayfish (66.2%) and fish (61.8%) were the most frequently occurring prey items in this study. Other prey items included mollusks and clams, birds, reptiles, and mammals. Salmonidae (39.6%) and Catostomidae (37.1%) were the most frequently identified fish families in otter scats, followed by Esocidae (14.3%), Cyprinidae (12.4%), and Centrarchidae (3.2%). Significant seasonal differences in occurrence of scat prey items was found for fish as a main prey group (p < 0.001), including the families Salmonidae (p < 0.001), Catostomidae (p < 0.001), Esocidae (p < 0.01), and Cyprinidae (p < 0.001), and for crayfish (p < 0.001). In summary, otters in the Upper Rio Grande appear to similarly consume prey to that found in other studies conducted in the U.S. My study provides the first dietary description of river otters in New Mexico and should inform otter management in the state.
description: Copyright © Gabriela Alexandra Wolf-Gonzalez 2020
description: Funding Information:
New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, 2018
University of Kentucky, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, 2017, 2018, 2019
University of Kentucky, Student Sustainability Council, 2018 & 2019
Multiwavelength study of a Solar Eruption from AR NOAA 11112 I. Flux Emergence, Sunspot Rotation and Triggering of a Solar Flare
Creators: name: Kumar, Pankaj
name: Park, Sung-Hong
name: Cho, K. -S.
name: Bong, S. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the multiwavelength observations of an M2.9/1N flare that occurred in the active region (AR) NOAA 11112 in the vicinity of a huge filament system on 16 October 2010. SDO/HMI magnetograms reveal the emergence of a bipole (within the existing AR) 50 hours prior to the flare event. During the emergence, both the positive and negative sunspots in the bipole show translational as well as rotational motion. The positive polarity sunspot shows the significant motion/rotation in the south-westward/clockwise direction and continuously pushing/sliding the surrounding opposite polarity field region. On the other hand, the negative polarity sunspot moves/rotates in the westward/anticlockwise direction. The positive polarity sunspot rotates ~70 deg. within 30 hours, whereas negative polarity ~20 deg. within 10 hours. SDO/AIA 94 Å EUV images show the emergence of a flux tube in the corona consistent with the emergence of the bipole in HMI. A high speed plasmoid ejection (speed~1197 km/s) was observed during the flare impulsive phase, which suggests the magnetic reconnection of the emerged positive polarity sunspot with the surrounding opposite polarity field region. The entire AR shows the positive helicity injection before the flare event. Moreover, the newly emerging bipole reveal the signature of negative (left-handed) helicity. These observations provide the unique evidences of the emergence of twisted flux tube from below the photosphere to coronal heights triggering a flare mainly due to the interaction between the emerged positive polarity sunspot and a nearby negative polarity sunspot by the shearing motion of the emerging positive sunspot towards the negative one. Our observations also strongly support the idea that the rotation is most likely attributed to the emergence of twisted magnetic fields, as proposed by recent models.
description: Solar Physics (in press), 22 pages, 10 figures
SniffyArt: The Dataset of Smelling Persons
Creators: name: Zinnen, Mathias
name: Hussian, Azhar
name: Tran, Hang
name: Madhu, Prathmesh
name: Maier, Andreas
name: Christlein, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Smell gestures play a crucial role in the investigation of past smells in the visual arts yet their automated recognition poses significant challenges. This paper introduces the SniffyArt dataset, consisting of 1941 individuals represented in 441 historical artworks. Each person is annotated with a tightly fitting bounding box, 17 pose keypoints, and a gesture label. By integrating these annotations, the dataset enables the development of hybrid classification approaches for smell gesture recognition. The datasets high-quality human pose estimation keypoints are achieved through the merging of five separate sets of keypoint annotations per person. The paper also presents a baseline analysis, evaluating the performance of representative algorithms for detection, keypoint estimation, and classification tasks, showcasing the potential of combining keypoint estimation with smell gesture classification. The SniffyArt dataset lays a solid foundation for future research and the exploration of multi-task approaches leveraging pose keypoints and person boxes to advance human gesture and olfactory dimension analysis in historical artworks.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1 of Outcome of patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after PSMA PET/CT-directed radiotherapy or surgery without systemic therapy
Creators: name: Harsini, Sara
name: Wilson, Don
name: Saprunoff, Heather
name: Allan, Hayley
name: Gleave, Martin
name: Goldenberg, Larry
name: Chi, Kim N.
name: Kim-Sing, Charmaine
name: Tyldesley, Scott
name: Bénard, François
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Analysis of the PSA response and the biochemical progression-free survival of patients treated with PSMA PET/CT-informed radiotherapy versus surgery, broken down by the sites of PSMA-avid relapses targeted by PET/CT-directed treatment.
Abstracts of the 35th Annual Conference of the International Association for the Study of Dreams June 16 - June 20, 2018
Creators: name: Schredl, Michael
Publisher: name: International Journal of Dream Research
Year: 2018
Subjects: Dreaming

description: This supplement of the International Journal of Dream Research includes the abstracts of presenters who gave consent to the publishing. The abstracts are categorized into thematic groups and within the category sorted according to the last name of the first presenter. Affiliations are included only for the first author. A name register at the end is also provided.
description: International Journal of Dream Research, Vol 11 (2018): Suppl 1
Alignment of Magnetized Accretion Disks and Relativistic Jets with Spinning Black Holes
Creators: name: McKinney, Jonathan C.
name: Tchekhovskoy, Alexander
name: Blandford, Roger D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accreting black holes (BHs) produce intense radiation and powerful relativistic jets, which are affected by the BH's spin magnitude and direction. While thin disks might align with the BH spin axis via the Bardeen-Petterson effect, this does not apply to jet systems with thick disks. We used fully three-dimensional general relativistic magnetohydrodynamical simulations to study accreting BHs with various BH spin vectors and disk thicknesses with magnetic flux reaching saturation. Our simulations reveal a "magneto-spin alignment" mechanism that causes magnetized disks and jets to align with the BH spin near BHs and further away to reorient with the outer disk. This mechanism has implications for the evolution of BH mass and spin, BH feedback on host galaxies, and resolved BH images for SgrA* and M87.
description: 14 main + 29 supplemental pages, 3 total figures, 3 total tables, published in Science (Science Express Nov 15, 2012), Movies: http://youtu.be/uUD1upHu8zQ, http://youtu.be/MquOoySfkIY, http://youtu.be/HLzj3L94sXo, http://youtu.be/j-eU4Xf9vZM, http://youtu.be/JrmkJcwwY9c, http://youtu.be/XxIzazsE-sg, http://youtu.be/25WGtFVcHe0
Identifying the Defective: Detecting Damaged Grains for Cereal Appearance Inspection
Creators: name: Fan, Lei
name: Ding, Yiwen
name: Fan, Dongdong
name: Wu, Yong
name: Pagnucco, Maurice
name: Song, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cereal grain plays a crucial role in the human diet as a major source of essential nutrients. Grain Appearance Inspection (GAI) serves as an essential process to determine grain quality and facilitate grain circulation and processing. However, GAI is routinely performed manually by inspectors with cumbersome procedures, which poses a significant bottleneck in smart agriculture. In this paper, we endeavor to develop an automated GAI system:AI4GrainInsp. By analyzing the distinctive characteristics of grain kernels, we formulate GAI as a ubiquitous problem: Anomaly Detection (AD), in which healthy and edible kernels are considered normal samples while damaged grains or unknown objects are regarded as anomalies. We further propose an AD model, called AD-GAI, which is trained using only normal samples yet can identify anomalies during inference. Moreover, we customize a prototype device for data acquisition and create a large-scale dataset including 220K high-quality images of wheat and maize kernels. Through extensive experiments, AD-GAI achieves considerable performance in comparison with advanced AD methods, and AI4GrainInsp has highly consistent performance compared to human experts and excels at inspection efficiency over 20x speedup. The dataset, code and models will be released at https://github.com/hellodfan/AI4GrainInsp.
description: Accepted by ECAI2023. https://github.com/hellodfan/AI4GrainInsp
title: The Effect of High-Intensity Visible Light on the Bloom Niches of the Phototrophic Dinoflagellates Alexandrium fundyense and Heterocapsa rotundata
Creators: name: Cooney, Elizabeth C.
Publisher: name: Western Washington University
Year: 2016

description:
Photosynthetic bloom-forming dinoflagellates heavily influence coastal ecosystems worldwide. Many of these protist algae bloom in surface waters during summer when light intensities are highest. Despite its likely role as a top-down regulator of bloom formation, the consequences of high-intensity sunlight exposure on cells are not well understood. This study sought to reveal the effect of high light exposure on cells, keeping in mind the potential consequences for bloom-formation. The suite of conditions under which a species is best adapted to bloom is referred to here as its “bloom niche”. To investigate, I measured physiological changes deemed relevant to bloom health in the two distinct species, Alexandrium fundyense and Heterocapsa rotundata after exposure to high intensity visible light. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) was eliminated from this study because these wavelengths do not penetrate far in coastal waters due to absorption by dissolved and particulate organic matter. Cells were exposed to high-intensity environmental sunlight (209-1607 µmol photons m-2 sec-1) and compared to control cells which remained at growth culture light levels. After exposure, all cells were returned to growth light levels for recovery. Photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) was measured periodically throughout the experiment as a proxy for light stress; cells were considered to be stressed when Fv/Fm decreased significantly from levels associated with growth light conditions. Chlorophyll-a (chl-a), average cell volume, cell concentration, and both dissolved and particulate dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) were measured pre-exposure, post-exposure, and post-recovery. Both A. fundyense and H. rotundata exhibited stress in response to high light exposure. Chl-a and DMSP did not change in response to high light in either species. Swelling took place in H. rotundata cells, resulting in cell lysis in the highest light treatment, but no change in volume or measurable damage occurred in A. fundyense. Grazing experiments with the tintinnid ciliate, Schmidingerella sp. were performed with each species to assess the effect of light stress on predator-prey interactions. No difference in grazing rates were observed, however variance increased with higher light exposure, indicating sunlight may have some effect on prey behavior. The differences in response by the two dinoflagellate species can be explained in large part by differences in cell size and structure. These factors, in concert with environmental stressors, likely shape the bloom niche of a species.
Begrüßung durch den Vorsitzenden des Verwaltungsrates des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums
Creators: name: Van Volxem, Otto
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz
Year: 2018
Subjects: Feier 125 Jahre RGZM

description: -
description: Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz, Bd. 25 (1978)
Search for supersymmetry in hadronic final states using MT2 in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for supersymmetry or other new physics resulting in similar final states is presented using a data sample of 4.73 inverse femtobarns of pp collisions collected at sqrt(s)=7 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. Fully hadronic final states are selected based on the variable MT2, an extension of the transverse mass in events with two invisible particles. Two complementary studies are performed. The first targets the region of parameter space with medium to high squark and gluino masses, in which the signal can be separated from the standard model backgrounds by a tight requirement on MT2. The second is optimized to be sensitive to events with a light gluino and heavy squarks. In this case, the MT2 requirement is relaxed, but a higher jet multiplicity and at least one b-tagged jet are required. No significant excess of events over the standard model expectations is observed. Exclusion limits are derived for the parameter space of the constrained minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model, as well as on a variety of simplified model spectra.
description: Submitted to the Journal of High Energy Physics
Layers of finance: Historic tax credits and the fiscal geographies of urban redevelopment
Creators: name: Tapp, Renee
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geography
subject: 120599 Urban and Regional Planning not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: Growing tax credit markets to preserve historic structures, deliver affordable housing, and encourage investment in distressed communities reveal intensification in the financialization of real estate. This paper develops a case study of federal historic tax credits to argue that there are multiple and interrelated processes of financialization at work within a single building, including tax sheltering. Drawing on commodification and marketization literatures in critical human geography, this paper illustrates how the fracturing of property rights by the tax code refashions buildings into ‘bundled’ financial assets. It uses qualitative and quantitative data collected in 2016–2017 to (i) demonstrate the production of new inventories of historic buildings through the revaluation of old structures, (ii) examine overlapping geographies of tax and finance produced by the strategic alignment of state and federal tax law, and (iii) discuss the creation of secondary credit markets by financial investors through the unbundling of the capital stack. Although historic tax credits—and tax credits in general—are now an integral part of real estate financing, the market for tax credits provides valuable theoretical insights into the variations of urban financialization that co-exist in the same physical space.
Simplifying Contract-Violating Traces
Creators: name: Colombo, Christian
name: Francalanza, Adrian
name: Grima, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contract conformance is hard to determine statically, prior to the deployment of large pieces of software. A scalable alternative is to monitor for contract violations post-deployment: once a violation is detected, the trace characterising the offending execution is analysed to pinpoint the source of the offence. A major drawback with this technique is that, often, contract violations take time to surface, resulting in long traces that are hard to analyse. This paper proposes a methodology together with an accompanying tool for simplifying traces and assisting contract-violation debugging.
description: In Proceedings FLACOS 2012, arXiv:1209.1699
title: Comparing Soil Datasets with the APEX Model: Calibration and Validation for Hydrology and Crop Yield in Whatcom County, Washington
Creators: name: Monks, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: Western Washington University
Year: 2016

description:
Controlling pollution from agricultural lands is a priority for improving watershed health. Best management practices (BMPs) recommend strategies such as riparian buffers and altered fertilizer application timing and rates for reduction of nutrient and sediment export from agricultural watersheds, but BMP effectiveness in nutrient retention can vary greatly depending on differences in crops, soils, and topography.

Conducting nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) measurements in all BMP projects is generally not feasible, so well-validated models can help estimate benefits on the watershed scale. This project uses the Agricultural Policy/ Environmental Extender (APEX) model to simulate crop yield, streamflow, and surface runoff in a small watershed in Whatcom County, Washington, to prepare the model for future use in estimating nutrient and sediment retention benefits by BMPs. The APEX model requires detailed inputs for soils, climate, cropping system, and agricultural management; outputs must be calibrated and validated against existing environmental data. No current consensus exists as to the ideal set of soil data for the APEX model. I tested the APEX model for three different soils datasets: the Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO), the National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS), and the Nutrient Tracking Tool (NTT), to determine the best dataset to use in terms of ease of use and model fit.

I modeled the northern Kamm Creek watershed, a 227 hectare watershed that contains a diverse representation of Whatcom County cropping systems. As the first APEX modelling effort in western Washington, this study investigated parameters for blueberry and raspberry, two crops new to the APEX model, while testing model performance with three different sets of soils data. I manipulated key parameters in two of the datasets to evaluate their effects on hydrology and yield.

The model performed well for streamflow and surface runoff across all soils during calibration, with satisfactory validation for surface runoff, but not streamflow. Performance for crop yields, however, varied across both crop type and soil data sets. Simulated crop yields fell within 10% of county-reported average yields for four of the five soils for blueberry, raspberry, and corn silage crops, whereas NTT soils drastically underestimated yields of both berry crops.

I recommend applying the SSURGO soils dataset to future APEX modelling in Whatcom County, as it had the best model fit for hydrology and crop yields. Further recommendations are made for obtaining data to parameterize, calibrate, and validate the model to assure accuracy for future APEX modelling efforts.
Additional file 2 of Outcome of patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after PSMA PET/CT-directed radiotherapy or surgery without systemic therapy
Creators: name: Harsini, Sara
name: Wilson, Don
name: Saprunoff, Heather
name: Allan, Hayley
name: Gleave, Martin
name: Goldenberg, Larry
name: Chi, Kim N.
name: Kim-Sing, Charmaine
name: Tyldesley, Scott
name: Bénard, François
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. Forest plot of the crude HRs based on the site and number of lesions detected on PSMA PET/CT, using a Cox proportional hazards regression model; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.
Sorex isodon Turov 1924
Creators: name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Sorex
Sorex isodon

description: Sorex isodon Turov, 1924. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, p. 111. TYPE LOCALITY: Russia, Siberia, NE of Lake Baikal, Barguzinsk taiga, River Sosovka. DISTRIBUTION: SE Norway and Finland through Siberia to the Pacific coast; Kamchatka; Sakhalin Isl; Kurile Isis; probably also NE China and Korea. SYNONYMS: gravesi, princeps, ruthenus. COMMENTS: Subgenus Sorex. Probably not conspecific with sinalis as suggested by Corbet (1978c) and Dolgov (1985); see Siivonen (1965) and Hoffmann (1987). Because the well established name isodon is antedated by gravesi, Hoffmann (1987) suggested that isodon be declared the valid name; the case needs to be submitted to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. The species was reviewed by Sulkava (1990). The recently described isodon marchicus (Passarge, 1984) is provisionally included in araneus; see comments under that species.
description: Published as part of Rainer Hutterer, 1993, Order Insectivora, pp. 69-130 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 116, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353085
description: {"references": ["Corbet, G. B. 1978 c. The mammals of the Palaearctic region: A taxonomic review. British Museum (Natural History), London, 314 pp.", "Dolgov, V. A. 1985. Burozubki Starovo Sveta [Brown-toothed shrews of the Old World]. Moscow University, Moscow, 220 pp. (in Russian).", "Siivonen, L. 1965. Sorex isodon Turov (1924) and S. unguiculatus Dobson (1890) as independent shrew species. Aquilo (Zool.), 4: 1 - 34.", "Hoffmann, R. S. 1987. A review of the systematics and distribution of Chinese red-toothed shrews (Mammalia: Soricinae). Acta Theriologica Sinica, 7: 100 - 139.", "Sulkava, S. 1990. Sorex caecutiens Laxmann, 1788 - Maskenspitzmaus; Sorex isodon Turov, 1924 -- Taigaspitzmaus. Pp. 215 - 236, in Handbuch der Saugetiere Europas (J. Niethammer and F. Krapp, eds.). Aula-Verlag, Wiesbaden, 3 / I: 1 - 524.", "Passarge, H. 1984. Sorex isodon marchicus ssp. nova in Mitteleuropa. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 49: 278 - 284."]}
The westward drift of Jupiter's polar cyclones explained by a center-of-mass approach
Creators: name: Gavriel, Nimrod
name: Kaspi, Yohai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first orbits around Jupiter of the Juno spacecraft in 2016 revealed a symmetric structure of multiple cyclones that remained stable over the next five years. Trajectories of individual cyclones indicated a consistent westward circumpolar motion around both poles. In this paper, we propose an explanation for this tendency using the concept of beta-drift and a "center-of-mass" approach. We suggest that the motion of these cyclones as a group can be represented by an equivalent sole cyclone, which is continuously pushed by beta-drift poleward and westward, embodying the westward motion of the individual cyclones. We support our hypothesis with 2D model simulations and observational evidence, demonstrating this mechanism for the westward drift. This study joins consistently with previous studies that revealed how aspects of these cyclones result from vorticity-gradient forces, shedding light on the physical nature of Jupiter's polar cyclones.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures and supplementary information
Ambiguities and Subtleties in Fermion Mass Terms in Practical Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Cheng, Yifan
name: Kong, Otto C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a review on structure of the fermion mass terms in quantum field theory, under the perspective of its practical applications in the real physics of Nature -- specifically, we discuss fermion mass structure in the Standard Model of high energy physics, which successfully describes fundamental physics up to the TeV scale. The review is meant to be pedagogical, with detailed mathematics presented beyond the level one can find any easily in the textbooks. The discussions, however, bring up important subtleties and ambiguities about the subject that may be less than well appreciated. In fact, the naive perspective of the nature and masses of fermions as one would easily drawn from the presentations of fermion fields and their equations of motion from a typical textbook on quantum field theory leads to some confusing or even wrong statements which we clarify here. In particular, we illustrate clearly that a Dirac fermion mass eigenstate is mathematically equivalent to two degenerated Majorana fermion mass eigenstates at least so long as the mass terms are concerned. There are further ambiguities and subtleties in the exact description of the eigenstate(s). Especially, for the case of neutrinos, the use of the Dirac or Majorana terminology may be mostly a matter of choice. The common usage of such terminology is rather based on the broken $SU(2)$ charges of the related Weyl spinors hence conventional and may not be unambiguously extended to cover more complicate models.
description: 15 pages. Version published in Annals of Physics
Effect of small scale density perturbations on the formation of dark matter halo profiles
Creators: name: Pilipenko, S. V.
name: Doroshkevich, A. G.
name: Lukash, V. N.
name: Mikheeva, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With help of a set of toy N-body models of dark halo formation we study the impact of small scale initial perturbations on the inner density profiles of haloes. We find a significant flattening of the inner slope $α={d \log ρ\over d \log r}$ to $α=-0.5$ in some range of scales and amplitudes of the perturbations (while in the case of absence of these perturbations the NFW profile with $α=-1$ is reproduced). This effect may be responsible for the formation of cuspless galactic haloes.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Zum Gedenken an Vladimir Milojčić
Creators: name: Böhner, Kurt
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz
Year: 2018
Subjects: Gedenken Milojcic

description: -
description: Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz, Bd. 26 (1979)
Neuere frühtrojanische Funde in Nordwestanatolien und Griechenland
Creators: name: Podzuweit, Christian
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz
Year: 2018
Subjects: Bronzezeit; Frühbronzezeit; Südosteuropa; Griechenland; Türkei; Keramik; Chronologie

description: -
description: Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz, Bd. 26 (1979)
Zur chronologischen und kulturellen Wertung der Bubanj-Funde
Creators: name: Garašanin, Milutin
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz
Year: 2018
Subjects: Bronzezeit; Südosteuropa; Serbien; Keramik; Chronologie

description: -
description: Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz, Bd. 26 (1979)
Complete monotonicity, completely monotonic degree, integral representations, and an inequality related to the exponential, trigamma, and modified Bessel functions
Creators: name: Qi, Feng
name: Wang, Shu-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A12, 26A48, 26D07, 30E20, 33B10, 33B15, 33C10, 33C20, 44A10

description: In the paper, the authors verify the complete monotonicity of the difference $e^{1/t}-ψ'(t)$ on $(0,\infty)$, compute the completely monotonic degree and establish integral representations of the remainder of the Laurent series expansion of $e^{1/z}$, and derive an inequality which gives a lower bound for the first order modified Bessel function of the first kind.
description: 6 pages