cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Playing the Possession Game : Development through Hosting the FIFA World Cup
Creators: name: Wenner, Joseph
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3508
subject: Tourism
subject: FOS: Economics and business
classificationCode: 4404
subject: Development studies
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Description to be added
Online Convex Optimization with Binary Constraints
Creators: name: Lesage-Landry, Antoine
name: Taylor, Joshua A.
name: Callaway, Duncan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider online optimization with binary decision variables and convex loss functions. We design a new algorithm, binary online gradient descent (bOGD) and bound its expected dynamic regret. We provide a regret bound that holds for any time horizon and a specialized bound for finite time horizons. First, we present the regret as the sum of the relaxed, continuous round optimum tracking error and the rounding error of our update in which the former asymptomatically decreases with time under certain conditions. Then, we derive a finite-time bound that is sublinear in time and linear in the cumulative variation of the relaxed, continuous round optima. We apply bOGD to demand response with thermostatically controlled loads, in which binary constraints model discrete on/off settings. We also model uncertainty and varying load availability, which depend on temperature deadbands, lockout of cooling units and manual overrides. We test the performance of bOGD in several simulations based on demand response. The simulations corroborate that the use of randomization in bOGD does not significantly degrade performance while making the problem more tractable.
Beitrag zur Gliederung des Würm in Mitteleuropa
Creators: name: Musil, Rudolf
name: Valoch, Karel
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1966

description: In der Arbeit werden neue Erkenntnisse über die Stratigraphie der letzten Eiszeit in Mähren mitgeteilt. Dabei stützen wir uns nicht nur auf Lößaufschlüsse, sondern auch auf zahlreiche Grabungsergebnisse in den Höhlen des Mährischen Karstes, wo es in den Höhleneingängen gelegentlich zu Verknüpfungen der typischen Lößbildungen mit den viele paläontologische und archäologische Funde enthaltenden Höhlensedimenten gekommen ist. Wenn wir daher rein stratigraphische Erkenntnisse auswerten, stützen wir uns doch in großem Maße auf die eingeschlossenen Funde. Wir kommen zu dem Schlüsse, daß die Würmeiszeit eine stark gegliederte Periode darstellt. Aus diesem Grunde geben wir die von uns bisher benützte Bezeichnung der Interstadiale durch Abkürzungen auf und ziehen die Benennung nach den typischen Lokalitäten vor. Wir bringen weitere Beweise für die Existenz des Mittelwürm-Interstadials, welches wir mit dem Namen Interstadial Podhradem bezeichnen.
description: research
Ecolab, Webworld and self-organisation
Creators: name: Standish, Russell K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Ecolab and Webworld are both models of evolution produced by adding evolution to ecological equations. They differ primarily in the form of the ecological equations. Both models are self-organised to a state where extinctions balance speciations. However, Ecolab shows evidence of this self-organised state being critical, whereas Webworld does not. This paper examines the self-organised states of these two models and suggest the likely cause of the difference. Also the lifetime distribution for a mean field version of Ecolab is computed, showing that the fat tail of the distribution is due to coevolutionary adaption of the species.
description: Accepted for Artificial Life IX. Final MS
Progenitor-mass-dependent yields amplify intrinsic scatter in dwarf-galaxy elemental abundance ratios
Creators: name: Muley, Dhruv A.
name: Wheeler, Coral R.
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
name: Wetzel, Andrew
name: Emerick, Andrew
name: Keres, Dusan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In hydrodynamic simulations, prevailing subgrid chemical-evolution models often use a single, "IMF-averaged" supernova yield, ignoring variations in elemental abundance ratios (particularly [$α$/Fe]) in the ejecta of higher- and lower-mass supernova progenitors within a stellar population. To understand the impact of this simplification and understand the impact of more explicit models, we run FIRE simulations of a dwarf galaxy $(M_\star($z = 0$) \sim 10^6 M_\odot)$ using nucleosynthetic yields from the NuGrid database that depend on the stellar progenitor mass and metallicity. While NuGrid exhibits lower aggregate $α$-element production than default-FIRE yields, we find that its explicit mass dependence substantially widens the intrinsic scatter in the simulated [Fe/H]-[$α$/Fe] -- a phenomenon potentially visible in recent observations of dwarf galaxies.
description: MNRAS accepted. 9 pages; 8 figures. Comments and questions welcome
Lived Experiences of Filipino Nurse Managers Implementing Quality Assurance Towards Quality Nursing Care
Creators: name: Manrique, Denlee
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The experiences of Filipino nurse managers implementing quality assurance towards quality nursing care around the world has been a positive one. Filipino nurses have long been recognized for their commitment to providing quality care. As a result, many Filipino nurse managers have led the way in implementing quality assurance initiatives in their respective countries. This qualitative study explores the lived experiences of Filipino nurse managers in implementing quality assurance towards quality nursing care. Nurse managers play a critical role in ensuring the delivery of safe and effective nursing care. However, there is limited understanding of the specific challenges and experiences faced by Filipino nurse managers in this context. A phenomenological approach was employed to collect and analyze data through in-depth interviews with 15 nurse managers from various healthcare facilities in the Philippines. Thematic analysis was used to identify common themes and patterns in the data. The findings revealed that Filipino nurse managers face several challenges in implementing quality assurance, including limited resources, time constraints, staff resistance, and organizational barriers. These challenges hindered the effective implementation of quality assurance initiatives. However, factors such as leadership support, staff collaboration, training and education, and a supportive organizational culture were identified as facilitators that enhanced the implementation process. The study provides valuable insights into the unique experiences and challenges faced by Filipino nurse managers in implementing quality assurance towards quality nursing care. The findings highlight the importance of addressing the barriers faced by nurse managers, such as resource constraints and staff resistance, to ensure effective quality assurance practices.
Zur Genese der Hönninger Sande (unterer Mittelrhein)
Creators: name: Boenigk, Wolfgang
name: Hoselmann, Christian
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1991

description: Im Gebiet des unteren Mittelrheins wurden mehrere Sandvorkommen im Bereich der älteren Hauptterrasse untersucht. Diese Sandfazies, die eine Mächtigkeit von bis zu 30 m erreichen kann, wird insgesamt als Hönninger Sand bezeichnet. Die Hönninger Sande werden mit den Mosbacher Sanden und zwar mit dem mittleren und oberen Teil des „Mittleren" bzw. „Grauen" Mosbachs bei Wiesbaden korreliert. Damit erfolgt eine Einstufung der älteren Hauptterrassen am unteren Mittelrhein in den Cromer-Komplex i.w.S. In dieser Arbeit wird eine differenziertere Untergliederung der Sandvorkommen vorgeschlagen. Nur der jeweils untere Teil der Profile ist als fluviatile Hönninger Sande i.e.S. zu verstehen. Die sehr mächtigen Schichtenfolgen entstehen durch Umlagerung älterer Sedimente u. a. der Hönninger Sande. Diese werden als Linzer Sande bezeichnet. Die Umlagerung erfolgte durch Solifluktion sowie fluviatilen und äolischen Transport. Eine wichtige Konsequenz ist, daß die meisten Sandvorkommen in der Höhenlage der älteren Hauptterrasse keinen stratigraphischen Leitwert besitzen. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte durch die Berechnung der Momente. Hier sind vor allem die Standardabweichung und das arithmetische Mittel eine geeignete Methode um ein Sediment zu charakterisieren. Die Korngrößenanalysen zeigten, daß diese gut bis sehr gut sortierten Sande einen Siebabstand von 0,125 Zeta erfordern, um die Gauß'schen Regeln zur Darstellung von Normalverteilungen im Wahrscheinlichkeistnetz zu erfüllen. Für den Sandbereich erhält man so 12 Siebklassen.
description: research
The Imker Case Study - Practice with the Bee-Up Tool
Creators: name: Burzynski, Patrik
name: Karagiannis, Dimitris
name: Utz, Wilfrid
name: Vaidian, Iulia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: conceptual modelling
BPMN
UML
ER
EPC
Petri Nets

description: Conceptual modelling is a technique which is essential for building enterprise information systems. The reason is not only because software systems have to be built, but also since domain specific requirements coming from the application area should be represented adequately. For this reason different modelling languages for data modelling, process modelling and systems modelling are developed. In this case study we deal with the fundamental conceptual modelling languages, like BPMN, EPC, ER, UML and Petri Nets. A tool support through Bee-Up is also given (www.omilab.org). This case study focuses on the domain of beekeeping throughout different areas, like the production of honey, bees in general and beekeepers (called Imker in German).
Observation of Collisions between Two Ultracold Ground-State CaF Molecules
Creators: name: Cheuk, Lawrence W.
name: Anderegg, Loïc
name: Bao, Yicheng
name: Burchesky, Sean
name: Yu, Scarlett
name: Ketterle, Wolfgang
name: Ni, Kang-Kuen
name: Doyle, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure inelastic collisions between ultracold CaF molecules by combining two optical tweezers, each containing a single molecule. We observe collisions between $^2Σ$ CaF molecules in the absolute ground state $|X,v=0, N=0,F=0\rangle$, and in excited hyperfine and rotational states. In the absolute ground state, we find a two-body loss rate of $7(4) \times 10^{-11} \text{cm}^{3}/\text{s}$, which is below, but close to the predicted universal loss rate.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit bei sozialer Ausgrenzung und Mobbing im Kindergarten und der Primarschule Aufgaben und Schnittmengen von Schulischer Heil-pädagogik und Schulsozialarbeit
Creators: name: Ammann, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Kooperation
Mobbing
Schulsozialarbeit
Masterarbeit

description: Bei der vorliegenden Masterarbeit handelt es sich um eine Dokumentation einer theoretisch fundierten, qualitativen Sozialforschung zur interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit zwischen der Schulischen Heilpä-dagogik (SHP) und der Schulsozialarbeit (SSA) im Umgang mit sozialer Ausgrenzung und Mobbing im Kindergarten und der Primarschule. Mittels eines Gruppeninterviews wurden empirische Daten gewon-nen, welche unter Einbezug der theoretischen Erkenntnisse zu einer Zusammenstellung der Kernauf-gaben und Schnittmengen der SHP und der SSA führten. Die Ergebnisse können von interdisziplinären Teams als Grundlage für die Rollenklärung und für den Aufbau einer optimalen Zusammenarbeit ver-wendet werden. Die Planung, Durchführung und Auswertung der zugrundeliegenden Forschung werden im Dokument ausführlich dargestellt und die empirischen sowie theoretischen Erkenntnisse zusammengeführt.
Ein randglaziales Sediment aus der Rißkaltzeit bei Wehr (Südschwarzwald)
Creators: name: Leser, Hartmut
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1981

description: Bei der geomorphologischen Kartierung für das Blatt Wehr der GMK 25 wurden im Wehra- und Haseltal Sedimente der Riß-Kaltzeit gefunden. An einem Profil von der Meierhofstraße in Wehr wird der kaltzeitliche und geomorphogenetische Charakter einer sandigen Schluff- und Lehmablagerung diskutiert. Sie erscheint bodentypologisch als Pseudogley. Sedimentologisch handelt es sich um eine randglaziale Ablagerung, in welche Grundmoränenkomponenten der Riß-Kaltzeit eingearbeitet wurden. Als Hypothese wird aufgestellt, daß die Ablagerung des Materials auf einer trogschulterförmigen Verflachung über dem Wehratal-Einschnitt erfolgte.
description: research
Biology and origin of isolated north-easternmost populations of the common wall lizard, Podarcis muralis
Creators: name: Kolenda, Krzysztof
name: Skawiński, Tomasz
name: Majtyka, Tomasz
name: Majtyka, Monika
name: Kuśmierek, Natalia
name: Starzecka, Agata
name: Jablonski, Daniel
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60399 Evolutionary Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The common wall lizard, Podarcis muralis, is a widely distributed European lizard which has been often introduced across the continent, including north of the continuous species range. Three such populations were recently discovered in the Strzelin Hills in Poland, but no information is available about their origin. We studied the morphological variation, demographic structure and ecology of these populations, as well as their possible origin based on cytochrome b mtDNA sequences. Between 2011 and 2019, the lizards were annually active from the first half of March to mid-October. Males attained significantly larger snout-vent length than females and had relatively larger heads. Almost half of all captured individuals exhibited at least one pileus scale anomaly. Analysis of colour polymorphism revealed the occurrence of three morphs: white, white-red and red. The oldest lizards reached the age of 8 years. These parameters of Polish populations do not deviate from those of other populations from similar latitudes. Molecular analysis revealed that they belong to the most common haplotype of Central European haplogroup I of the Central Balkan clade. This haplotype is widely distributed across the Czech Republic and Slovakia; however, genetic data do not allow determination of the exact origin of the Polish population. Human-mediated introduction from the closest localities, the Czech Republic or Slovakia, is probable but the relict status cannot at present be excluded.
Some integrability conditions for almost Kähler manifolds
Creators: name: Kirchberg, Klaus-Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B20, 53C25

description: Among other results, a compact almost Kähler manifold is proved to be Kähler if the Ricci tensor is semi-negative and its length coincides with that of the star Ricci tensor or if the Ricci tensor is semi-positive and its first order covariant derivatives are Hermitian. Moreover, it is shown that there are no compact almost Kähler manifolds with harmonic Weyl tensor and non-parallel semi-positive Ricci tensor. Stronger results are obtained in dimension 4.
description: Latex2e, 13 pages
Variations du niveau a l'Holocène en Bretagne (France)
Creators: name: Morzadec-Kerfourn, Marie-Thérèse
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1985

description: Die bedeutendsten transgressiven Phasen, die für die Bretagne zwischen 5000 und 4000 v. h., 3300 und 3000 v. h. und um 1400 v. h. angezeigt sind, lassen sich mit dem Calais III, Dunkerque 0 und Dunkerque II der niederländischen Holozän-Chronologie vergleichen. Weitere unbedeutende transgressive Phasen kommen in der Bretagne insbesondere in tief liegenden Regionen wie der Bucht von Mont-Saint-Michel vor.
description: research
Exciton energy oscillations induced by quantum beats
Creators: name: Trifonov, A. V.
name: Kurdyubov, A. S.
name: Gerlovin, I. Ya.
name: Smirnov, D. S.
name: Kavokin, K. V.
name: Yugova, I. A.
name: Aßmann, M.
name: Kavokin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate an oscillating energy shift of quantum-confined exciton levels in a semiconductor quantum well after excitation into a superposition of two quantum confined exciton states of different parity. Oscillations are observed at frequencies corresponding to the quantum beats between these states. We show that the observed effect is a manifestation of the exciton density oscillations in the real space similar to the dynamics of a Hertzian dipole. The effect is caused by the exciton-exciton exchange interaction and appears only if the excitons are in a superposition quantum state. Thus, we have found clear evidence for the incoherent exchange interaction in the coherent process of quantum beats. This effect may be harnessed for quantum technologies requiring the quantum coherence of states.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Non-Abelian Statistics of Axion Strings
Creators: name: Sato, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine an axion string coupled to a Majorana fermion. It is found that there exist a Majorana-Weyl zero mode on the string. Due to the zero mode, the axion strings obey non-abelian statistics.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, references and comments added
Tierra's missing neutrality: case solved
Creators: name: Standish, Russell K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The concept of neutral evolutionary networks being a significant factor in evolutionary dynamics was first proposed by Huynen {\em et al.} about 7 years ago. In one sense, the principle is easy to state -- because most mutations to an organism are deleterious, one would expect that neutral mutations that don't affect the phenotype will have disproportionately greater representation amongst successor organisms than one would expect if each mutation was equally likely. So it was with great surprise that I noted neutral mutations being very rare in a visualisation of phylogenetic trees generated in {\em Tierra}, since I already knew that there was a significant amount of neutrality in the Tierra genotype-phenotype map. It turns out that competition for resources between host and parasite inhibits neutral evolution.
description: Accepted for ALife IX; final MS
The Quantum Supremacy Tsirelson Inequality
Creators: name: Kretschmer, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A leading proposal for verifying near-term quantum supremacy experiments on noisy random quantum circuits is linear cross-entropy benchmarking. For a quantum circuit $C$ on $n$ qubits and a sample $z \in \{0,1\}^n$, the benchmark involves computing $|\langle z|C|0^n \rangle|^2$, i.e. the probability of measuring $z$ from the output distribution of $C$ on the all zeros input. Under a strong conjecture about the classical hardness of estimating output probabilities of quantum circuits, no polynomial-time classical algorithm given $C$ can output a string $z$ such that $|\langle z|C|0^n\rangle|^2$ is substantially larger than $\frac{1}{2^n}$ (Aaronson and Gunn, 2019). On the other hand, for a random quantum circuit $C$, sampling $z$ from the output distribution of $C$ achieves $|\langle z|C|0^n\rangle|^2 \approx \frac{2}{2^n}$ on average (Arute et al., 2019). In analogy with the Tsirelson inequality from quantum nonlocal correlations, we ask: can a polynomial-time quantum algorithm do substantially better than $\frac{2}{2^n}$? We study this question in the query (or black box) model, where the quantum algorithm is given oracle access to $C$. We show that, for any $\varepsilon \ge \frac{1}{\mathrm{poly}(n)}$, outputting a sample $z$ such that $|\langle z|C|0^n\rangle|^2 \ge \frac{2 + \varepsilon}{2^n}$ on average requires at least $Ω\left(\frac{2^{n/4}}{\mathrm{poly}(n)}\right)$ queries to $C$, but not more than $O\left(2^{n/3}\right)$ queries to $C$, if $C$ is either a Haar-random $n$-qubit unitary, or a canonical state preparation oracle for a Haar-random $n$-qubit state. We also show that when $C$ samples from the Fourier distribution of a random Boolean function, the naive algorithm that samples from $C$ is the optimal 1-query algorithm for maximizing $|\langle z|C|0^n\rangle|^2$ on average.
description: 26 pages. V2: corrected typos, added additional discussion, added journal reference. V3: additional minor corrections. V4: final journal version, various writing improvements
Recombinant human activated protein C as a therapy for pre-eclampsia
Creators: name: Peng, Gang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: INTRODUCTION: Pre-eclampsia remains one of the most common causes of maternal mortality in the developed world, and we still have no known effective prophylaxis and proven modifiers. The recent successful clinical trial of recombinant human activated protein C (rhAPC) in the management of SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome) has drawn attention to the possible use of this medicine for other conditions. Pre-eclampsia, has remarkable similarity to SIRS and may be such a condition. METHODS: We established the safety and the efficacy of rhAPC in two scenarios: early-onset pre-eclampsia and severe postpartum pre-eclampsia. Twenty one women were enrolled in the trial; the rhAPC infusion ran at 24 μg/kg/h for up to 96h. For basic research, blood samples were drawn at 0.5 hr before rhAPC infusion, 4 hr, 28 hr, 52 hr and 76 hr of infusion, and 4 hr after infusion was stopped. The influence of rhAPC on haemostatic parameters were measured by Thromboelastography (R-time, etc.) and ELISA, the regulatory effects on the activities of circulating cytokines were detected by Luminex assay, the Mrna and protein levels of peripheral blood neutrophil components were tested by real-time RT-PCR and Western immunoblotting. RESULTS: R-time (clotting time) in postnatal patients was significantly delayed by rhAPC (p =0.0454, 28hr: 29.7%; 52hr and 72hr: 60.9%). The infusion also resulted in significant decreases in post-natal Fl+2 (4hr: 2.9%; 28hr: 22.4%; p =0.0218), PAI-1 (4hr: 23.6%; 28hr: 69.0%; p =0.0078), IL-6 (4hr: 18.8%; 28hr: 49.8%; p =0.0319) and IL-10 (4hr: 30.7%; 28hr: 36.6%; p =0.0317) concentration respectively. Moreover, rhAPC caused significant reduction in post-natal neutrophil TLR-2 (p =0.0002), TLR-4 (p≺0.0001) and cryopyrin (p≺0.0001) mRNA expression respectively. Significant up-regulation of caspase-3, at the same time, have been observed in antepartum patients (p =0.0323). CONCLUSIONS: rhAPC exhibits anticoagulant effect. It may also stimulate fibrinolysis by forming a complex with or degrading PAI-1. Its therapeutic mechanism partly depends on its inhibitory effect on the deleterious Thl type cytokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines. It may repress the activation of neutrophils in postnatal pre-eclampsia through TLR-2, -4 and cryopyrin signaling pathways and promote apoptosis of neutrophils via caspase-3.
Das Ca/Mg—Verhältnis in den Marschböden, eine Folge postsedimentärer Faktoren
Creators: name: Prange, Werner
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1978

description: Das Ca/Mg-Verhältnis wurde auf typischen Kartenausschnitten einer großflächigen geologisch-bodenkundlichen Kartierung auf dem nordfriesischen Festland mit anderen Merkmalen dargestellt und verglichen. Es zeigt keine Beziehungen zu den Sedimentationsbedingungen und damit keine deutbaren Zusammenhänge mit den Kartiereinheiten und den meisten Geländemerkmalen. Dagegen kommt eine deutliche Abhängigkeit von postsedimentären Faktoren heraus, die sich überall anders überlagern und das Ca/Mg-Verhältnis bestimmen. Es ist deshalb als Grundlage für eine Kartierung und Klassifizierung der Marschböden nicht geeignet.
description: research
Entity-Enriched Neural Models for Clinical Question Answering
Creators: name: Rawat, Bhanu Pratap Singh
name: Weng, Wei-Hung
name: Min, So Yeon
name: Raghavan, Preethi
name: Szolovits, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We explore state-of-the-art neural models for question answering on electronic medical records and improve their ability to generalize better on previously unseen (paraphrased) questions at test time. We enable this by learning to predict logical forms as an auxiliary task along with the main task of answer span detection. The predicted logical forms also serve as a rationale for the answer. Further, we also incorporate medical entity information in these models via the ERNIE architecture. We train our models on the large-scale emrQA dataset and observe that our multi-task entity-enriched models generalize to paraphrased questions ~5% better than the baseline BERT model.
Electron and ion transport in dense rare gases
Creators: name: Borghesani, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A review of the research on electron and ion transport in dense rare gases is presented. The investigation of the transport properties of electrons in dense rare gases aims at understanding the dynamics and energetics of electron states in a dense medium and at elucidating how changes of the environment influence their nature and scattering properties. The quantum nature of electrons couples them to the environment is such a way to produce a density-dependent shift of their energy that is the key to rationalize the observed phenomena.
description: manuscript submitted to IEEE_TDEI
Uncovering Dominant-Satellite Relationships in the U.S. Soybean Basis: Temporal Causation and Spatial Dependence
Creators: name: Lewis, Daniel A.
name: Kueth, Todd H.
name: Manfredo, Mark R.
name: Sanders, Dwight R.
name: Lewis, Daniel A.
name: Kueth, Todd H.
name: Manfredo, Mark R.
name: Sanders, Dwight R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: basis
subject: causality
subject: soybeans
subject: spatial dependence

description: This study examines the degree to which market information is shared in discovering the local basis. The analysis draws from tests of temporal causation and spatial dependence of weekly county-level soybean basis values across 13 markets. Time series analysis shows that local soybean basis levels have some tendency to follow basis levels at export locations (Toledo and U.S. Gulf). Processing centers tend to show the most independence in basis discovery. Spatial statistics suggest a similar phenomenon in which basis values at interior locations are highly correlated with neighboring locations. The patterns of spatial correlation appear consistent throughout the growing season.
Der Mensch als geologischer Faktor an der Nordseeküste
Creators: name: Dittmer, Ernst
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1954

description: Die Entwicklungsgeschichte des jüngsten Holozäns an der Nordseeküste läßt sich ohne Berücksichtigung des Faktors Mensch nicht deuten. Der natürlichen Schichtenfolge und Faziesverbreitung werden zahlreiche Beispiele gegenübergestellt, aus denen sich der weitgehende Einfluß des Menschen auf die Gestaltung des Küstenraums in den letzten 1000 Jahren ergibt.
description: research
Optomechanically induced optical responses with non-rotating wave approximation
Creators: name: Yan, Xiao-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Slow light propagation is an important phenomenon in quantum optics. Here, we theoretically study the properties of slow light in a simple optomechanical system considering an effect of non-rotating wave approximation (NRWA) that was ignored in previous related works. With the NRWA effect, the ultraslow light can be easily achieved at the window of optomechanically induced transparency, especially in unresolved sideband regime. From the theoretical results, we find the upper bound of the time delay is exactly the mechanical ringdown time which can last for \textit{several minutes} (mHz linewidth) in recent experiments. Additionally, the interesting phenomena of the perfect optomechanically induced transmission and absorption are studied in the system with the NRWA effect. We believe the results can be used to control optical transmission in modern optical networks.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Symplectic Manifolds and Isomonodromic Deformations
Creators: name: Boalch, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study moduli spaces of meromorphic connections (with arbitrary order poles) over Riemann surfaces together with the corresponding spaces of monodromy data (involving Stokes matrices). Natural symplectic structures are found and described both explicitly and from an infinite dimensional viewpoint (generalising the Atiyah-Bott approach). This enables us to give an intrinsic symplectic description of the isomonodromic deformation equations of Jimbo, Miwa and Ueno, thereby putting the existing results for the six Painleve equations and Schlesinger's equations into a uniform framework.
description: Published in 2001 (based on part of 1999 Oxford thesis), posted here for easier accessibility
Zur Problematik des Grenzhorizonts europäischer Sphagnummoore
Creators: name: Nietsch, H.
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1953

description: Die Entstehung des Älteren Sphagnumtorfes und seine Wuchsgeschwindigkeit werden erörtert. Dabei werden die engen Zusammenhänge zwischen der Huminosität eines Hochmoortorfes an der Mooroberfläche und seinem hydrologischen Verhalten in ihrer Auswirkung auf die Ökologie der lebenden Pflanzendecke untersucht und die sich daraus auch für die Entstehung des nordwestdeutschen Grenzhorizontes ergebenden Folgerungen besprochen.
description: research
1 GHz dual-comb spectrometer for fast and broadband measurements
Creators: name: Voumard, Thibault
name: Darvill, John
name: Wildi, Thibault
name: Ludwig, Markus
name: Hartl, Ingmar
name: Herr, Tobias
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2021

description: Dual-frequency comb spectroscopy permits broadband precision spectroscopic measurements with short acquisition time. A dramatic improvement of the maximal spectral bandwidth and the minimal measurement time can be expected when the lasers' pulse repetition rate is increased, owing to a quadratic dependence (Nyquist criterion). Here, we demonstrate a dual-comb system operating at a high repetition rate of 1 GHz based on mature, digitally-controlled, low-noise mode-locked lasers. Compared to conventional lower repetition rate ($\sim$100 MHz) oscillators, this represents a 100-fold improvement in terms of the Nyquist criterion, while still providing adequate spectral sampling even for trace gas absorption fingerprints. Two spectroscopy experiments are performed with acquisition parameters not attainable in a 100 MHz system: detection of water vapor absorption around 1375 nm, demonstrating the potential for fast and ambiguity-free broadband operation, and real-time acquisition of narrow gas absorption features across a spectral span of 0.6 THz (600 comb lines) in only 5 $\mu$s. Additionally, we show high mutual coherence of the lasers below the Hz-level, generating opportunities for broadband spectroscopy even with low-bandwidth detectors such as mid-infrared, imaging or photo-acoustic detectors.
Zur Problematik der Weißjuragesteine in der östlichen Iller-Lech-Platte
Creators: name: Scheuenpflug, Lorenz
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1973

description: Die ortsfremden Weißjuragesteine der Alb treten in der Iller-Lech-Platte nicht nur als „Reutersche Blöcke" auf, sondern auch in kleineren Fraktionen bis zu Kirschkerngröße. Kantig, jedoch schon umgelagert, werden sie in Mergelbrockenhorizonten der obermiozänen Oberen Süßwassermolasse angetroffen. Die Herkunft wird dem Riesereignis oder einem Molassevulkanismus zugeschrieben. Kantengerundet finden sie sich in pleistozänen Fluvio-glazialschottern. Im Bereich des jüngst entdeckten altpleistozänen Donaulaufes und nördlich davon bis zur heutigen Donau hat sie größtenteils der Fluß herangeschafft. Südlich davon sind sie während des Quartärs durch fluviatile Erosion aus den tertiären Mergelbrockenlagern entnommen und bei der Akkumulation in Schotter eingebettet worden.
description: research
Quantum entanglement and Bell violation of two coupled cavity fields in dissipative environment
Creators: name: Li, Shang-Bin
name: Xu, Jing-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum entanglement between two coupled cavities, in which one is initially prepared in a mesoscopic superposition state and the other is in the vacuum in dissipative environment and show how the entanglement between two cavities can arise in the dissipative environment. The dynamic behavior of the nonlocality for the system is also investigated.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
title: FS Maria S. Merian Fahrtbericht/Cruise Report MSM 04-2
title: seismic wide-angle profiles ; Fort-de-France - Fort-de-France 03.01. - 19.01.2007
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Flüh, Ernst
Publisher: name: IFM-GEOMAR, Kiel
Year: 2007

description: report
Foreign Policy Reactions of Brazil, El Salvador, Guatemala, and the United States to the Honduran Constitutional Crisis of 2009
Creators: name: Wyngowski, Seth A.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Description to be added
The performance limits of epigraphene Hall sensors
Creators: name: He, Hans
name: Shetty, Naveen
name: Bauch, Thilo
name: Kubatkin, Sergey
name: Kaufmann, Timo
name: Cornills, Martin
name: Yakimova, Rositsa
name: Lara-Avila, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Epitaxial graphene on silicon carbide, or epigraphene, provides an excellent platform for Hall sensing devices in terms of both high electrical quality and scalability. However, the challenge in controlling its carrier density has thus far prevented systematic studies of epigraphene Hall sensor performance. In this work we investigate epigraphene Hall sensors where epigraphene is doped across the Dirac point using molecular doping. Depending on the carrier density, molecular-doped epigraphene Hall sensors reach room temperature sensitivities $S_V=0.23 V/VT$,$S_I=1440 V/AT$ and magnetic field detection limits down to $B_{MIN}=27$ $nT/\sqrt{Hz}$ at 20 kHz. Thermally stabilized devices demonstrate operation up to $T=150$ $^oC$ with $S_V=0.12 V/VT$, $S_I=300 V/AT$ and $B_{MIN}\approx 100$ $nT/\sqrt{Hz}$ at 20 kHz.
A Study of Sexually Dimorphic Traits and Allometric Growth Rates in a Species of Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium americanum
Creators: name: Yasunaga, Christina M.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Description to be added
Models of maximal atmospheric neutrino mixing
Creators: name: Grimus, W.
name: Lavoura, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss two types of neutrino mass matrices which both give $θ_{23} = 45^\circ$, i.e., a maximal atmospheric mixing angle. We review three models, based on the seesaw mechanism and on simple extensions of the scalar sector of the Standard Model, where those mass matrices are obtained from symmetries.
description: 10 pages, plain LaTeX; talk presented by W. Grimus at the XXVII International Conference of Theoretical Physics, Ustron, Poland, 15-21 September 2003
Processes of Contaminant Removal in Fe0-H2O Systems Revisited: The Importance of Co-Precipitation
Creators: name: Noubactep, Chicgoua
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2007

description: The mechanism of aqueous contaminant removal by elemental iron (Fe0) materials (e.g., in Fe0-H2O systems) has been largely discussed in the iron technology literature. Two major removal mechanisms are usually discussed: (i) contaminant adsorption onto Fe0 oxidation products, and (ii) contaminant reduction by Fe0, FeII or H/H2. However, a closer inspection of the chemistry of the Fe0-H2O system reveals that co-precipitation could be the primary removal mechanism. The plausibility of contaminant co-precipitation with iron corrosion products as independent contaminant removal mechanism is discussed here. It shows that the current concept does not take into account that the corrosion product generation is a dynamic process in the course of which contaminants are entrapped in the matrix of iron hydroxides. It is recalled that contaminant co-precipitation with iron hydroxides/oxides is an unspecific removal mechanism. Contaminant co-precipitation as primary removal mechanism is compatible with subsequent reduction and explains why redoxinsensitive species are quantitatively removed. Adsorption and co-precipitation precede reduction and abiotic reduction, when it takes place, occurs independently by a direct (electrons from Fe0) or an indirect (electrons from FeII/H2) mechanism.
description: research
Gauged locally supersymmetric D=3 nonlinear sigma models
Creators: name: de Wit, Bernard
name: Herger, Ivan
name: Samtleben, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct supersymmetric deformations of general, locally supersymmetric, nonlinear sigma models in three spacetime dimensions, by extending the pure supergravity theory with a Chern-Simons term and gauging a subgroup of the sigma model isometries, possibly augmented with R-symmetry transformations. This class of models is shown to include theories with standard Yang-Mills Lagrangians, with optional moment interactions and topological mass terms. The results constitute a general classification of three-dimensional gauged supergravities.
description: LaTeX2e, 51 pages
Front Matter
Creators: name: Hallam, Arne
name: Hallam, Arne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Farm Management
Industrial Organization
Production Economics
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: DETERMINANTS OF FARM SIZE AND STRUCTURE Edited By Arne Hallam Department of Economics Iowa State University Proceedings of the program sponsored by the NC-181 Committee on Determinants of Farm Size and Structure in North Central Areas of the United States, held January 6, 8, and 9, 1990, in Albuquerque, New Mexico. December 1990
title: Nineteenth-century craftsmen and tradesmen in Hertfordshire: a spatial, economic and social study of self-sufficiency
Creators: name: Crompton, Catherine Alicia
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1995

description: This is an exploration of the validity of the generally accepted belief that rural self-sufficiency declined in Victorian England. Three phases of rural self-sufficiency are identified which follow a chronological sequence. The first is household independence, many basic goods and services are produced within the household: there are a small number of specialised craftsmen and tradesmen within the village, but few, if any, shops. This is followed by decline in household independence, but maintenance of village self-sufficiency with the presence of at least basic specialised crafts and trades and some shops. The final stage is erosion of village self-sufficiency: loss of essential services, leading to hierarchical dependence on services provided by towns. The main data sources used are the unpublished census enumerators' books and the trade directories. Their validity as primary sources is assessed in the context of their suitability for macro- and micro-level studies of rural crafts and trades. Rural service provision over time is explored, initially, at the county level, then focusing on two agricultural areas containing 31 parishes. The status of craftsmen and tradesmen within their local communities is examined in two self-sufficient villages, St. Paul's Walden and Much Hadham. The county-wide study showed that a significant proportion of Hertfordshire villages retained their self sufficiency in basic crafts and trades at least until the beginning of the twentieth century. Self-sufficiency was the predominant system of rural service provision in villages in the Buntingford area from the mid-nineteenth century until at least the 1890s. In contrast, the predominant system of rural service provision in villages in the Stevenage area changed from self sufficiency at mid-century to hierarchical dependence on central villages and neighbouring towns by the 1890s. The study of individual craftsmen and tradesmen revealed evidence of declining economic status and downward social mobility among craftsmen and tradesmen in both the parishes examined in detail.
Signal processing in the TGF-beta superfamily ligand-receptor network
Creators: name: Vilar, Jose M. G.
name: Jansen, Ronald
name: Sander, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The TGF-beta pathway plays a central role in tissue homeostasis and morphogenesis. It transduces a variety of extracellular signals into intracellular transcriptional responses that control a plethora of cellular processes, including cell growth, apoptosis, and differentiation. We use computational modeling to show that coupling of signaling with receptor trafficking results in a highly versatile signal-processing unit, able to sense by itself absolute levels of ligand, temporal changes in ligand concentration, and ratios of multiple ligands. This coupling controls whether the response of the receptor module is transient or permanent and whether or not different signaling channels behave independently of each other. Our computational approach unifies seemingly disparate experimental observations and suggests specific changes in receptor trafficking patterns that can lead to phenotypes that favor tumor progression.
description: 33 pages, 7 figures
Agricultural Export Promotion Programs Create Positive Economic Impacts
Creators: name: Reimer, Jeffrey J.
name: Williams, Gary W.
name: Dudensing, Rebekka M.
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
name: Reimer, Jeffrey J.
name: Williams, Gary W.
name: Dudensing, Rebekka M.
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Export Promotion
subject: Export Subsidy
subject: USDA Market Development Programs

description: Recent research suggests that agricultural export market development programs effectively communicate the distinguishing features of U.S. products to overseas buyers. These programs increase agricultural exports and producer welfare and typically have positive net effects on the economy as measured by changes in GDP and employment.
Josephson Plasma Resonance in $Bi_2 Sr_2 Ca Cu_2 O_{8+y}$ with Spatially Dependent Interlayer-Phase Coherence
Creators: name: Kameda, N.
name: Tokunaga, M.
name: Tamegai, T.
name: Konczykowski, M.
name: Okayasu, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Josephson plasma resonance (JPR) in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+y}$ (BSCCO) with spatially dependent interlayer-phase coherence (IPC). The half-irradiated BSCCO (HI-BSCCO), in which columnar defects are introduced only in a half of the sample, shows several resonance peaks, which are not simple superposition of the peaks in irradiated- and pristine-parts. JPR in HI-BSCCO changes its character from irradiated- to pristine-type at a crossover frequency ($ω_{cr}$). We demonstrate that the one-dimensional \LSGE, which takes into account the spatial dependence of IPC, can reproduce most of the experimental findings including the presence of $ω_{cr}$.
description: 4 figures
Gradient Studies Reveal the True Drivers of Extreme Life in the Atacama Desert
Creators: name: Boy, D.
name: Moeller, R.
name: Sauheitl, L.
name: Schaarschmidt, F.
name: Rapp, S.
name: Van Den Brink, L.
name: Gschwendtner, S.
name: Borquez, R. Godoy
name: Matus, Francisco J.
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Guggenberger, G.
name: Boy, J.
Publisher: name: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: aridity gradient
subject: Atacama Desert
subject: gradient study
subject: hyper-arid
subject: soil organic carbon
subject: transect study
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Studies of hyper-arid sites contribute to our understanding on how life adapted to extreme conditions. They are often used to further deduce implications for extraterrestrial biology by the so-called analogue site-approach. The Atacama Desert, Chile, is one of the most prominent analogue sites despite its neighboring productive ecosystems due to its hyper-aridity and geochemical features resembling Martian environments. We hypothesize that many drivers of extremophile life in analogue sites are only mistakenly attributed to aridity alone, thus obscuring a clear view of the far more complex process interactions originating in nearby earthly ecosystems. To test this, we investigated 54 soil profiles up to 60 cm of soil depth along of four transects in the Atacama Desert, either running parallel (S-N) or perpendicular (W-E) to the Andes. Our objective was to reveal the processes controlling the formation of soil organic carbon (SOC) as the most reliable proxy for microbial life in order to understand the boundary conditions of life in extreme habitats. Further, we aimed at identifying analogue sites as uncompromised as possible by external influences of for example, vegetated or marine ecosystems. We found a mixture of influences driving habitable conditions on gradients perpendicular to the Andes, for example, fog and precipitation scavenging caused by altitudinal variations and differing proximity to the Pacific Ocean, while transects parallel to the Andes were much less biased by external factors. Our results show that studies on life under extreme conditions should clarify the explanatory strength of the investigated factors by a gradient study approach.