cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Process Integration towards PERL Structure
Creators: name: Allebé, C.
name: Schlenker, E.
name: Hernández, J.L.
name: Aleman, M.
name: Tous, L.
name: Prajapati, V.
name: Van Nieuwenhuysen, K.
name: Janssens, T.
name: Rothschild, A.
name: Vermang, B.
name: Lorenz, A.
name: Uruena, A.
name: Rosseel, E.
name: John, J.
name: Baert, K.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1469-1474
description: Alternative technologies for the manufacturing of silicon solar cells with a PERL structure are under
investigation, in the frame work of IMEC’s PV roadmap. The use of a Ti/Cu-based front metallization provides a
higher degree of freedom in the design of the emitter. In our cells, this is exploited by the integration of highly
resistive emitters formed by POCl3 diffusion or implantation. Solar cells efficiencies up to 18.7% are reached with
such emitters and a passivated rear, locally contacted by Al-BSF. Further work on metallization has lead to
efficiency up to 19.4% by reducing shadowing down to 4%. In parallel, implantation and epitaxial growth of boron
doped silicon are investigated for the formation of a local BSF. In a first instance, the tests have been performed
with full B-BSF. A comparison with a full Al-BSF and local Al-BSF is presented here.
Influence of the stiffness of the equation of state and in-medium effects on the cooling of compact stars
Creators: name: Grigorian, H.
name: Voskresensky, D. N.
name: Blaschke, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements demonstrate the existence of compact stars with masses in a broad range from 1.2 to 2 $M_\odot$. The most massive of these objects might be hybrid stars. To fulfill the constraint $M_{\rm max}>2~M_{\odot}$ with a reserve we exploit the stiff DD2 hadronic equation of state (EoS) without and with excluded volume (DD2vex) correction, which produce maximum neutron star masses of $M_{\rm max} = 2.43~M_{\odot}$ and $2.70~M_{\odot}$, respectively. We show that the stiffness of the EoS does not preclude an explanation of the whole set of cooling data within "nuclear medium cooling" scenario for compact stars by a variation of the star masses. We select appropriate proton gap profiles from those exploited in the literature and allow for a variation of the effective pion gap controlling the efficiency of the medium modified Urca process. However, we suppress the possibility of pion condensation. In general, the stiffer the EoS the steeper a decrease with density of the effective pion gap is required. Results are compared with previously obtained ones for the HDD EoS for which $M_{\rm max} =2.06~M_{\odot}$. The cooling of the compact star in the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A (Cas A) is explained mainly by an efficient medium modified Urca process. With the DD2vex EoS and using an effective pion gap steeper decreasing with the density and/or a proton gap shifted to smaller densities we are also able to reproduce both a strong decline compatible with ACIS-S data and HRC-S instrument data. The mass of Cas A is estimated as $1.6 - 1.9~M_{\odot}$, above the value $1.5~M_{\odot}$, which we have evaluated with the softer HDD equation of state. Different mass choices for the hottest object XMMU J173203.3-344518 are discussed. We make general remarks also on hybrid star cooling and on its dependence on the stiffness of the hadronic EoS.
description: 25 pages, 21 figures, to appear in the EPJA Topical Issue on "Exotic Matter in Neutron Stars"; a strongly abridged version of this work has been presented as eConf C140926 in the Proceedings of the Conference "Compact Stars in the QCD Phase Diagram IV", Prerow, September 26 - 30, 2014; arxiv:1507.04656
Two-Neutron Sequential Decay of $^{24}$O
Creators: name: Jones, M. D.
name: Frank, N.
name: Baumann, T.
name: Brett, J.
name: Bullaro, J.
name: DeYoung, P. A.
name: Finck, J. E.
name: Hammerton, K.
name: Hinnefeld, J.
name: Kohley, Z.
name: Kuchera, A. N.
name: Pereira, J.
name: Rabeh, A.
name: Rogers, W. F.
name: Smith, J. K.
name: Spyrou, A.
name: Stephenson, S. L.
name: Stiefel, K.
name: Tuttle-Timm, M.
name: Zegers, R. G. T.
name: Thoennessen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-neutron unbound excited state of $^{24}$O was populated through a (d,d') reaction at 83.4 MeV/nucleon. A state at $E = 715 \pm 110$ (stat) $\pm 45 $ (sys) keV with a width of $Γ< 2$ MeV was observed above the two-neutron separation energy placing it at 7.65 $\pm$ 0.2 MeV with respect to the ground state. Three-body correlations for the decay of $^{24}$O $\rightarrow$ $^{22}$O + $2n$ show clear evidence for a sequential decay through an intermediate state in $^{23}$O. Neither a di-neutron nor phase-space model for the three-body breakup were able to describe these correlations.
Changes in Bridgman-Grown CuInSe2.2 by Sodium Addition
Creators: name: Myers, H.F.
name: Champness, C.H.
name: Shih, I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2917-2920
description: Measurements of Hall coefficient (RH), thermoelectric power () and electrical resistivity (), at room
temperature, are reported on filamentary samples cut from Bridgman-grown ingots of CuInSe2.2 containing from 0 to
0.3 at. % of elemental sodium in the melt prior to compound synthesis and crystal growth. With increase of Na
addition, no large monotonic changes in the transport parameters were found, but a small increase in RH at 0.2 and
0.3 at. % Na was observed, as well as an overall increase in , corresponding to an apparent slight decrease in hole
concentration. Hall-derived hole concentrations were around 3 x 1017 cm-3 and hole mobilities were in the range of
about 6 to 24 cm2V-1s-1. In contrast to the p- to n-type conversion in stoichiometric CuInSe2, obtained with more than
0.2 at. % Na in the melt, CuInSe2.2 (i.e. excess Se) material was always p-type at all Na additions up to at least 3 at.
%.
Investigations of Potential Induced Degradation of Silicon Photovoltaic Modules
Creators: name: Schütze, M.
name: Junghänel, M.
name: Friedrichs, O.
name: Wichtendahl, R.
name: Scherff, M.
name: Müller, J.
name: Wawer, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3097-3102
description: In the last few years, it became apparent that system voltage can lead to substantial long-term potential
induced degradation (PID) of photovoltaic modules via shunting of the incorporated wafer based screen-printed solar
cells. The leakage current from the module frames to the cells through the encapsulating material is supposed to cause
this effect. Until now the detailed mechanism of shunting is not known although it was speculated that metal ions
originating from the soda-lime glass might be responsible. In this study, experimental evidence is presented showing
that PID can also be caused by other ions usually not present in photovoltaic modules indicating that the chemical
nature of the ions is not relevant for PID. The conditions under which PID occurs in the field are substantiated from
the analysis of leakage current data measured outdoor. Starting from these conditions, different options for
accelerating a laboratory test for PID are discussed and tested experimentally.
Doliolum denticulatum Quoy & Gaimard 1834
Creators: name: Karunarathne, Krishan D.
name: Croos, M. D. S. T. De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Thaliacea
Doliolida
Doliolidae
Doliolum
Doliolum denticulatum

description: Doliolum denticulatum Quoy & Gaimard, 1834
Doliolum denticulatum Quoy & Gaimard 1834: 599, Pl. 89 Figs. 25–28. Herdman 1888: 44. Smith et al. 1901: 103, Fig. 23. Tokioka 1960: 353. Godeaux 1998: 283, Figs. 17.8b, 17.11d. Van Soest 1998: 236, Table 14.1. Gershwin et al. 2014: 9. Purushothaman et al. 2017. Adam & Ishak 2018: 150, Figs. 2.1, 2.2.
Material examined. A gonozooid and a nurse (MDAFWU 2020 /371–372), St.205, January 2020.
Description. Gonozooid: Body 3 mm long, transparent and barrel-shaped with eight muscle bands. Dextral arched intestine, alimentary canal opens at the front side of M V, anus present at M VI. Branchial septum strongly arched from M II dorsally to M V, then curving and running to M III ventrally. Endostyle is short, from M II to M IV. Neural ganglion at M III 3/4. Testis long and swollen, situated horizontally in front of M III.
Nurse: Barrel-shaped, 2 mm long, with nine muscle bands, without visceral mass, except for a heart. Muscle-bands M II–VIII fused into a continuous sheet. Budding on the dorsoventral projection.
Global distribution. The Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, western Pacific, Australian waters, the Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea (Van Soest 1998). Type locality: Ile Vanikoro, Pacific.
description: Published as part of Karunarathne, Krishan D. & Croos, M. D. S. T. De, 2021, Pelagic tunicates (Appendicularia and Thaliacea) of Sri Lanka: two first records with an annotated checklist, pp. 352-376 in Zootaxa 5067 (3) on page 357, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5067.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5681899
Generative design of an additively manufactured passive prosthetic foot for multiple forms of ambulation
Creators: name: McGuire, Megan
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Prostheses
Prosthetic foot
Amputee
Generative design

description: Over 2.1 million people in the United States are living with limb loss. The majority of those individuals have a loss of a lower limb (Ziegler‐Graham et al, 2008), and over 150,000 people undergo lower limb amputation per year (Dillingham et al, 2005; Owings et al, 1996). Those with transtibial or transfemoral limb loss utilize lower-limb prostheses, which commonly includes a passive prosthetic foot. Prosthetic feet can be costly, limited in their functionality, and can be difficult to integrate with the addition of a sock, prosthetic cover (i.e. shell), and shoe. This study explores the use of computer-aided generative design to create usable additively manufactured (AM) mechanically-passive prosthetic feet that are optimized for multiple forms of ambulation including level, upstairs, downstairs, and sloped walking. Using the generative design framework, the foot is not only optimized for safety during multiple forms of ambulation, but also redesigned for reduced mass and cost using AM, as well as greater ease of use – forgoing the need for a separate shell or shoe by combining the prosthetic foot and customized sole into a single integrated unit. The result of this design study is a customizable 3D-printed foot model and sole, verified for safety through compressive loads to simulate multiple ambulation tasks, as well as different phase within these tasks. The models were tested against existing carbon fiber and 3D printed passive foot models, with and without a shell and shoe, under compression to simulate different forms of ambulation. For these conditions, we evaluate stiffness profiles and failure modes experimentally, as well as examine the distributions of stress and displacement within the finite element simulations of the generative design to understand how these designs function during different phases and modes of ambulation. This creation and validation of an AM, customizable foot and shoe prosthetic could open the door for the increased accessibility and performance of foot prostheses, as well as improve the quality of life for lower-limb amputees.
Frustrated polaritons
Creators: name: Schmidt, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Artificially engineered light-matter systems constitute a novel, versatile architecture for the quantum simulation of driven, dissipative phase transitions and non-equilibrium quantum many-body systems. Here, we review recent experimental as well as theoretical works on the simulation of geometrical frustration in interacting photonic systems out of equilibrium. In particular, we discuss two recent discoveries at the interface of quantum optics and condensed matter physics: (i) the experimental achievement of bosonic condensation into a flat energy band and (ii) the theoretical prediction of crystalline phases of light in a frustrated qubit-cavity array. We show that this new line of research leads to novel and unique tools for the experimental investigation of frustrated systems and holds the potential to create new phases of light and matter with interesting spatial structure.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to the "Focus issue on Quantum Optics in the International Year of Light" in Physica Scripta
Cell-Ribbon Contacts Interface Study in NICE Modules
Creators: name: Dupuis, J.
name: Saint-Sernin, E.
name: Lefillastre, P.
name: Vachez, A.
name: Pilat, E.
name: Bussery, D.
name: Einhaus, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3117-3120
description: Apollon Solar’s NICE (New Industrial Solar Cell Encapsulation) module technology is an innovative
technology to encapsulate and electrically interconnect solar cells using pressure contacts instead of soldering. This
paper shows results from a study of the characteristics of the pressure contacts in the NICE modules. The impact of
the rubbing between the interconnector ribbons and cell busbars, the busbars design itself and the glass flatness have
been investigated. It is shown that these three parameters must be carefully controlled to avoid any problem during
the NICE module lifetime in order to maintain a high long term performance and reliability.
Development of three-layer heat diffusion model and high thermal conductivity measurement system
Creators: name: Cho, Sanghyeok
name: 0000-0003-4943-5374
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: In-plane thermal conductivity
High thermal conductivity
Ring-shaped measurement
Heat transfer

description: In recent decades, the development of advanced micro and nanoscale size electronics and devices has seen a surge in the various field including semiconductor industry. The feature size of these devices and electronics are already less than 10 nm. Following this development of devices, the power density has increased. Heat dissipation in the devices affect the efficiency, stability, and reliability of the devices. Measurement of thermal conductivity of the materials and understanding of the heat transfer in the materials are required to search for thermal management materials. In this work, the Three-layer heat diffusion model is developed to extract the inplane, cross-plane thermal conductivity and thermal resistance accurately with novel grating imaging techniques expanding previous Two-layer model. The three-layer model is validated by comparing the results with the temperature change curve obtained from the Two-layer model, and Transient thermoreflectance (TTR) multilayer heat diffusion model with the fitting process to extract the heat properties in Au, and glass materials. Also, a new TTR technique based on a ring-shaped pump laser beam with a pair of axicon lenses is developed for measuring high-thermal conductivity materials. The 15 μm and 18 μm ring-shaped pump beam and a 7 μm diameter circular probe beam at the center are formed at the Au and HOPG sample surfaces to measure the thermoreflectance signal. Furthermore, the existence of time delay is confirmed using offset measurement. In a meantime, the instant temperature rise in the ring-shaped pump is observed by measuring high-thermal conductivity materials with axicon lenses.
WIYN Open Cluster Study. LXXI. Spectroscopic Membership and Orbits of NGC 6791 Sub-Subgiants
Creators: name: Milliman, Katelyn E.
name: Leiner, Emily
name: Mathieu, Robert D.
name: Tofflemire, Benjamin M.
name: Platais, Imants
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an optical color-magnitude diagram sub-subgiants (SSGs) lie red of the main sequence and fainter than the base of the red giant branch in a region not easily populated by standard stellar-evolution pathways. In this paper, we present multi-epoch radial velocities for five SSG candidates in the old and metal-rich open cluster NGC 6791 (8 Gyr, [Fe/H] = +0.30). From these data we are able to make three-dimensional kinematic membership determinations and confirm four SSG candidates to be likely cluster members. We also identify three member SSGs as short-period binary systems and present their orbital solutions. These are the first SSGs with known three-dimensional kinematic membership, binary status, and orbital parameters since the two SSGs in M67 studied by Mathieu et al. 2003. We also remark on the other properties of these stars including photometric variability, H$α$ emission, and X-ray luminosity. The membership confirmation of these SSGs in NGC 6791 strengthens the case that SSGs are a new class of nonstandard stellar evolution products, and that a physical mechanism must be found that explains the evolutionary paths of these stars.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
High-order ADI scheme for option pricing in stochastic volatility models
Creators: name: Düring, Bertram
name: Miles, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M06 \sep 91B28 65M06 \sep 91B28 65M06 \sep 91B28 65M06 \sep 91B28 65M06 \sep 91B28 65M06, 91B28

description: We propose a new high-order alternating direction implicit (ADI) finite difference scheme for the solution of initial-boundary value problems of convection-diffusion type with mixed derivatives and non-constant coefficients, as they arise from stochastic volatility models in option pricing. Our approach combines different high-order spatial discretisations with Hundsdorfer and Verwer's ADI time-stepping method, to obtain an efficient method which is fourth-order accurate in space and second-order accurate in time. Numerical experiments for the European put option pricing problem using Heston's stochastic volatility model confirm the high-order convergence.
description: 18 pages
Hetero-Junction Module Technology
Creators: name: Späth, M.
name: Veldman, D.
name: Dekker, N.
name: Bennett, I.
name: Eerenstein, W.
name: De Jong, P.C.
name: Ribeyron, P.-J.
name: Harrison, S.
name: Muñoz, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3121-3124
description: Silicon hetero-junction solar cell technology has the potential to obtain high efficiencies with thin
wafers. Cell efficiencies of 21 % can be achieved on 170 micron thin wafers. A significant reduction of the costperformance
ratio can be realized if these fragile cells are integrated reliably in solar modules. This requires low
stress and low-temperature interconnection of individual cells. Also, hetero-junction cells are known to be
susceptible to moisture ingress inside the module. Single cell modules have been manufactured using conductive
adhesive as interconnection and using a moisture blocking back sheet to protect the cells. The modules have been
exposed to climate chamber tests (damp-heat and thermal cycling) according to the IEC 61215 ed. 2 standard.
Infrared analysis (IR) and electroluminescence (EL) images were taken to investigate the integrity of cells and
their interconnections. Modules made with moisture blocking back-sheets showed that the modules did survive
1500 hours (1.5 times IEC) of damp heat and over 340 thermal cycles with less than 5% reduction in power
output. The industrial feasibility of this module technology was demonstrated by manufacturing 72-cell modules,
using cells obtained from an industrial party. Assembly of the modules was done using a tabber-stringer capable
to work with conductive adhesives, designed for low temperature interconnection.
High Efficiency p-Type PERC Solar Cells Applying PECVD ALOx Layers
Creators: name: Saint-Cast, P.
name: Benick, J.
name: Kania, D.
name: Billot, E.
name: Richter, A.
name: Hermle, M.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Preu, R.
name: Glunz, S.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1488-1491
description: Ultrathin (7 nm) ALD Al2O3 layers and high-deposition-rate PECVD AlOx layers have the potential to
become the rear surface passivation for the next generation of p-type silicon industrial solar cells. These passivation
layers have been applied on laboratory-scale passivated-emitter-and-rear solar cells. Efficiencies higher than 21 % have
been achieved. The illuminated current-voltage measurement and the external quantum efficiency confirm that the rear
surfaces are providing a high passivation quality and internal reflectance. Based on this experiment we can conclude that
these two technologies have probably very similar potential when applied on solar cells. Consequently it will probably be
more the deposition system than the deposition technique that will be the main criteria for the choice of one of the
technologies. Finaly PECVD and ALD deposition systems are compared in important criteria for industrial solar cell
production.
Status of Selective Emitter Technology
Creators: name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1091-1096
description: Current industrial monocrystalline Cz Si solar cells based on screen-printing technology for contact
formation and homogeneous emitter have an efficiency potential of around 18.4%. Apart from limitations at the rear
side by the fully covering Al-BSF the front side is limiting e.g. by relatively high j0E values. This can be changed by
selective emitter designs allowing a decoupling and separate optimization of the metalized and non-metalized areas.
Several selective emitter concepts that are already in industrial mass production or close to it are presented, and their
specialties and status concerning cell performance are demonstrated. Key issues to be considered are costeffectiveness,
added complexity, additional benefits, reliability, and efficiency potential. The efficiency increase for
best cells is around 0.5-0.6%abs and the current efficiency potential already demonstrated for all technologies is
around 19.0%. Average efficiencies in industrial mass production for selected technologies are 18.5-18.6% for Cz
and 17.1% for mc Si.
The efficiency increase by selective emitter formation is higher for inline emitters, but selective emitters based on
POCl3 show the highest absolute efficiency. By decreasing the phosphorous surface concentration, selective emitters
are more sensitive to surface passivation and the use of a SiNx:H layer with a higher refractive index increases
implied Voc values even further. Encapsulation under module glass and EVA reduces part of the gained jsc caused by
a better blue response on cell level, but a calculation reveals that this extra loss for selective emitter solar cells is
<0.1 mA/cm2 and therefore negligible. The full benefit of the improved front side in terms of a selective emitter
structure will be achieved when local rear contacts will be used.
A Novel Approach for Mask-Free Selective Emitter Technology Combining Laser Doping and Wet Chemical Etch Back
Creators: name: Volk, A.-K.
name: Jäger, U.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 884-889
description: In this paper a novel process for a mask-free technology to manufacture selective emitter structures
is presented. A solid state laser system was used for dry laser over-doping after POCl3 diffusion forming the
selective emitter structure. Further emitter enhancement of the intermediate areas has been achieved by a
controlled emitter etch back within a wet chemical etching process. We investigated the etching rate and the
surface quality through the sheet resistance of the emitter, respectively. Two different emitters were used in the
solar cell process and compared. Emitter saturation current density J0e data of lowly doped and laser doped etch
back emitters are shown. Emitter saturation currents in the etched back areas down to J0e = 138 fA/cm2 have been
achieved leading to maximum open circuit voltages around 670 mV. By optimizing the laser parameters, an
etching within the laser doped areas can be suppressed, hence during emitter etch back no masking of the
intended later contact areas is necessary.
Consulta a especialistas para la validación del sistema de actividades para el desarrollo de la competencia intercultural
Creators: name: Hernández Vázquez, Yunet Tahimí
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Consulta a especialistas para la validación del sistema de actividades para el desarrollo de la competencia intercultural propuesto para estudiantes de Medicina de la Facultad de Medicina "Enrique Cabrera Cossío"
Damp-Heat Treatment Effects on Sputtered Al-Doped ZnO Films
Creators: name: Owen, J.
name: Hüpkes, J.
name: Niessen, L.
name: Zastrow, U.
name: Beyer, W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2774-2778
description: Highly conductive ZnO:Al films are often used as a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) in
photovoltaic devices. The high optical gap, high conductivity, high stability in hydrogen plasma, and the relative
abundance of the composing elements make ZnO:Al ideal for application in mass production of silicon thin-film
technology. The long-term electrical stability is an important issue. To investigate degradation processes,
accelerated aging in a damp-heat was carried out in both H2O and D2O environments. A decrease in conductivity is
observed over a period of 1000 hour, in particular for surface etched samples. We show that the sample degradation
is caused by grain boundary modifications and suggest a barrier model to explain the observed degradation. The
deuterium isotope was used as a marker for secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) measurements to distinguish
between hydrogen incorporated during or just after deposition and deuterium incorporated during the damp-heat
treatment. SIMS measurements show a linear build-up of deuterium in samples treated up to 300 hours, as well as a
D-H replacement mechanism. This suggests weak bonds exist between ZnO and H2O, and may explain the partial
reversibility of damp-heat degradation observed by others.
Crystalline Si Solar Cells and Modules Featuring Excellent Stability Against Potential-Induced Degradation
Creators: name: Nagel, H.
name: Metz, A.
name: Wangemann, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3107-3112
description: An assessment of all kinds of solutions for potential-induced degradation (PID) of p-type
crystalline silicon solar cells reveals that a great demand exists on i) PID-resistant solar cells and ii) on
alternative encapsulation materials which protect PID-prone cells in the module. We demonstrate that PIDresistant
cells can be obtained by a modification of the SiN antireflection coating. PID is measured by means of
a fast cell test based on corona charging. The test proves that the PID effect is not related to metal ions which
was supposed in recent publications but to positive ions in general. After encapsulation in standard glass -
EVA - back sheet modules and applying -1000 V bias voltage for 25.5 weeks outdoor the measured electrical
power loss was < 3 %. In an accelerated stress test PID of similar modules was < 0.5 %. Excellent stability
against PID was also obtained for laboratory-type intentionally prepared PID-prone cells in combination with
alternative encapsulation materials. In a joint PID test carried out together with German test institutes and solar
companies SCHOTT POLY glass - back sheet modules taken from series production were proven to be PIDresistant.
Quantifying invariant features of within-group inequality in consumption across groups
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Anindya S.
name: Chatterjee, Arnab
name: Nandi, Tushar K.
name: Ghosh, Asim
name: Chakraborti, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We study unit-level expenditure on consumption across multiple countries and multiple years, in order to extract invariant features of consumption distribution. We show that the bulk of it is lognormally distributed, followed by a power law tail at the limit. The distributions coincide with each other under normalization by mean expenditure and log scaling even though the data is sampled across multiple dimension including, e.g., time, social structure and locations. This phenomenon indicates that the dispersions in consumption expenditure across various social and economic groups are significantly similar subject to suitable scaling and normalization. Further, the results provide a measurement of the core distributional features. Other descriptive factors including those of sociological, demographic and political nature, add further layers of variation on the this core distribution. We present a stochastic multiplicative model to quantitatively characterize the invariance and the distributional features.
Pyrostremma spinosum Present
Creators: name: Karunarathne, Krishan D.
name: Croos, M. D. S. T. De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Thaliacea
Pyrosomatida
Pyrosomatidae
Pyrostremma
Pyrostremma spinosum

description: Pyrostremma spinosum (Herdman, 1888)
Pyrosoma spinosum Herdman 1888: 29, Pl. 2 Figs. 9–15. Smith et al. 1901: 100, Fig. 20. Neumann 1913: 380, Pl. 42 Figs. 1–3, Text-figs. 12, 13. Metcalf & Hopkins 1919: 219, Pls. 19–21. Sewell 1953: 60, Figs. 18–20. Tokioka 1960: 399. Godeaux 1972: 270, 271; 1979: 118; 1987: 201, Table 2.
Pyrosoma (Pyrostremma) spinosum: Baker 1971: 109, Pls. 1–4.
Pyrostremma spinosum: Van Soest 1974b: 25, Figs. 1A–B, 2A, 3 –5; 1981: 607–609, Figs. 2, 3; 1998: 236, Table 14.1. Godeaux 1998: 278, Fig. 17.4. Gershwin et al. 2014: 10. Purushothaman et al. 2017.
Material examined. A piece of ascidiozooid colony (MDAFWU 2017 /470), St.133, March 2017., a piece of ascidiozooid colony (MDAFWU 2017 /471), St.62, April 2017 (Fig. 2A–C).
Description. Free-swimming tubular colony with a soft, semitransparent, reddish test; size up to 6.5 m long and about 0.4 m in diameter; broadening from the narrow closed (anterior) end to the wide-open (posterior) end, which provides a single whip-like process (Fig. 2A, B). The sexual individuals (blastozooids / ascidiozooids) are longer than high, with angular endostyle; arranged in thousands in neat oblique rows with their incurrent siphons to the outside of the tube, and excurrent siphons to the inside. Excurrent siphons with silt-like opening and short appendix (Fig. 2C).
Global distribution. The Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean and the western Pacific (Van Soest 1998); the Mediterranean Sea (Costello et al. 2001); New Zealand waters (Gordon 2009). Type locality: Atlantic Ocean.
Remarks. In most of the cases, the P. spinosum colonies are found as fragments (Sewell 1953; Van Soest 1981). Some specimens collected from the tropical waters (Central Arabian Sea) were reported to be 80 cm in length and 16 cm in width, while the lengthiest individual was approximately 2 m (Gauns et al. 2015). But P. spinosum reported from temperate waters (New Zealand) was size over 20 m long and 1.2 m in diameter (Baker 1971). Of the only two species in the genus, Pyrostremma agassizi (Ritter & Byxbee, 1905) forms smaller colonies with length and width up to only about 0.5 m and 5 cm respectively (Van Soest 1981).
Local names: Saari Gaduwa (in Sinhalese); Welladei Soriyan (in Tamil).
Local importance: Ecologically important, because P. spinosum is predated by Leatherback turtles (authors’ observations).
description: Published as part of Karunarathne, Krishan D. & Croos, M. D. S. T. De, 2021, Pelagic tunicates (Appendicularia and Thaliacea) of Sri Lanka: two first records with an annotated checklist, pp. 352-376 in Zootaxa 5067 (3) on page 358, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5067.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5681899
Optimization of Buffer Layer for a High Efficiency Amorphous Silicon Alloy Solar Cell
Creators: name: Limmanee, A.
name: Sriprapha, K.
name: Piromjit, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2887-2889
description: We have developed intrinsic oxide-alloyed amorphous silicon (a-SiO:H) films with an aim to use these films as
a buffer layer of amorphous silicon alloy solar cells. The investigation was carried out with regard for the reduction of the
recombination at the p/i interface and the enhancement in a built-in potential due to better bandgap profiling of the p-i region.
We found that buffer layer property as well as cell performace strongly depended on CO2 gas flowing style. Condition of
constant CO2 flow rate did not give the best results. CO2 grading was effective in improving the open circuit voltage (Voc) of the
cells, and combination of constant and grading CO2 flow rate gave the best cell result. We have achieved cell efficiency of 8.0%
from a single junction silicon alloy solar cell with the optimized buffer layer.
On Building superpotentials in F- GUTs
Creators: name: Saidi, E. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using characters of finite group representations, we construct the fusion algebras of operators of the spectrum of F- theory GUTs. These fusion relations are used in building monodromy invariant superpotentials of the low energy effective 4d $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric GUT models.
description: LaTeX, 32 pages, 1 figure
International, multi-disciplinary, cross-section study of pain knowledge and attitudes in nursing, midwifery and allied health professions students
Creators: name: Mankelow, Jagjit
name: Ryan, Cormac G.
name: Taylor, Paul
C.
name: Casey, Maire-Brid
name: Naisby, Jenni
name: Thompson, Kate
name: G. McVeigh, Joseph
name: Seenan, Chris
name: Cooper, Kay
name: Hendrick, Paul
name: Brown, Donna
name: Gibson, William
name: Travers, Mervyn
name: Kennedy, Norelee
name: O’Riordan, Cliona
name: Martin, Denis
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Persistent pain is a highly prevalent, global cause of disability. Research suggests that many healthcare professionals are not well equipped to manage pain, and this may be attributable at least in part to undergraduate education. The primary aim of this study was to quantify and compare frst and fnal year nursing, midwifery and allied health professional (NMAHP) students’ pain related knowledge and attitudes. The secondary aim was to explore what factors infuence students’ pain related knowledge and attitudes.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1154 frst and fnal year healthcare students, from 12 universities in fve diferent countries completed the Revised Neurophysiology of Pain Quiz (RNPQ) [knowledge] and the Health Care Providers Pain and Impairment Relationship Scale (HC-PAIRS) [attitudes].Results: Physiotherapy was the only student group with statistically and clinically improved pain related knowledge [mean diference, 95% CI] (3.4, 3.0 to 3.9, p=0.01) and attitudes (-17.2, -19.2 to 15.2, p=0.01) between frst and fnal year. Pain education teaching varied considerably from course to course (0 to 40 h), with greater levels of pain related knowledge and attitudes associated with higher volumes of pain specifc teaching.Conclusions: There was little diference in pain knowledge and attitudes between all frst and fnal year NMAHP students other than physiotherapy. This suggests that for most NMAHP disciplines, undergraduate teaching has little or no impact on students’ understanding of pain. There is an urgent need to enhance pain education provision at the undergraduate level in NMAHPs.
Instability in electromagnetically driven flows Part I
Creators: name: Gissinger, Christophe
name: Rodriguez-Imazio, Paola
name: Fauve, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MHD flow driven by a travelling magnetic field (TMF) in an annular channel is investigated numerically. For sufficiently large magnetic Reynolds number Rm, or if a large enough pressure gradient is externally applied, the system undergoes an instability in which the flow rate in the channel dramatically drops from synchronism with the wave to much smaller velocities. This transition takes the form of a saddle-node bifurcation for the time-averaged quantities. In this first paper, we characterize the bifurcation, and study the stability of the flow as a function of several parameters. We show that the bifurcation of the flow involves a bistability between Poiseuille-like and Hartman-like regimes, and relies on magnetic flux expulsion. Based on this observation, new predictions are made for the occurrence of this stalling instability.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Module Materials for Shallow Emitter Cells
Creators: name: Garreau-Iles, L.
name: Kapur, J.
name: Zhu, H.
name: Boydell, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3133-3136
description: Selective emitter technology offers improvements of up to 1% absolute efficiency over homogeneous emitters at the current sheet resistivity, measured on cells in air.  A significant part of the gain is achieved by increasing the efficiency at the short wavelength part of the solar spectrum but this light is prevented from reaching the cell by the current encapsulant UV additives package. We have prepared encapsulants based on polymers similar to those already used by module makers but with modified UV absorber and stabilizer packages.  The UV cutoffs are lower and the transmission is better in the 300-500nm range.  Significant power gains compared to commercial encapsulants were measured with a variety of cells under both artificial and outdoor light.  Minimodule constructions were built with experimental encapsulants between the solar glass and the cell, in combination with themselves or standard EVA behind the cell, and TPE or TPT™ backsheets.  Where interfaces that have not been used before are created, the durability and compatibility of those interfaces need to be validated. The constructions with the efficiency, light transmission and mechanical properties especially adhesion were measured after ageing.
Ordered phases in a bilayer system of dipolar fermions
Creators: name: van Zyl, B. P.
name: Ferguson, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The liquid-to-ordered phase transition in a bilayer system of fermions is studied within the context of a recently proposed density-functional theory [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 92}, 023614 (2015)]. In each two-dimensional layer, the fermions interact via a repulsive, isotropic dipolar interaction. The presence of a second layer introduces an attractive {\em interlayer} interaction, thereby allowing for inhomogeneous density phases which would otherwise be energetically unfavourable. For any fixed layer separation, we find an instability to a commensurate one-dimensional stripe phase in each layer, which always precedes the formation of a triangular Wigner crystal. However, at a certain {\em fixed} coupling, tuning the separation can lead to the system favoring a commensurate triangular Wigner crystal, or one-dimensional stripe phase, completely bypassing the Fermi liquid state. While other crystalline symmetries, with energies lower than the liquid phase can be found, they are never allowed to form owing to their high energetic cost relative to the triangular Wigner crystal and stripe phase.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Pacote Experimental - Validação de Métricas do SMartyMetrics
Creators: name: Ribeiro Cordeiro, André Felipe
name: OliveiraJr, Edson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Pacote experimental com artefatos utilizados na validação de métricas de tamanho, associadas com o atributo de reusabilidade, para avaliação de arquiteturas de linha de produto de software.
High Efficient n-Type Back-Junction Back-Contact Silicon Solar Cells with Screen-Printed Al-Alloyed Emitter
Creators: name: Gong, C.
name: Van Kerschaver, E.
name: Robbelein, J.
name: Posthuma, N.E.
name: Singh, S.
name: Poortmans, J.
name: Mertens, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1424-1428
description: N-type back-junction back-contact (BJ-BC) silicon solar cells have been successfully introduced in and are being
investigated by several research groups. For such n-type bulk Si solar cells, the formation of the p+ emitter is still an
issue. In recent years, people have shown excellent results on n-type front contact rear junction cells with a screenprinted
Al-alloyed emitter. In this work, we demonstrate the use of such emitters on n-type BJ-BC silicon solar
cells.
Different pitch sizes and emitter fractions have been studied. Clear trends of the short-circuit current densities have
been observed. Different front surface field (FSF) profiles were applied to our cells. The shallower FSF with a
lower surface doping concentration results in lower front surface recombination, which results in the best cell
performance.
Efficiencies of 19.1% under 1 Sun on BJ-BC solar cells with an aperture area of 2 cm × 2 cm have been achieved
on n-type FZ and CZ silicon wafers.
Better quality emitter with more effective cleaning process steps and passivation layers have been developed, to
result in a further increase in cell efficiency in the future work.
A global look at X-ray time lags in Seyfert Galaxies
Creators: name: Kara, E.
name: Alston, W. N.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Cackett, E. M.
name: Uttley, P.
name: Reynolds, C. S.
name: Zoghbi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray reverberation, where light-travel time delays map out the compact geometry around the inner accretion flow in supermassive black holes, has been discovered in several of the brightest, most variable and well-known Seyfert galaxies. In this work, we expand the study of X-ray reverberation to all Seyfert galaxies in the XMM-Newton archive above a nominal rms variability and exposure level (a total of 43 sources). 50 per cent of source exhibit iron K reverberation, in that the broad iron K emission line responds to rapid variability in the continuum. We also find that on long timescales, the hard band emission lags behind the soft band emission in 85 per cent of sources. This `low-frequency hard lag' is likely associated with the coronal emission, and so this result suggests that most sources with X-ray variability show intrinsic variability from the nuclear region. We update the known iron K lag amplitude vs. black hole mass relation, and find evidence that the height or extent of the coronal source (as inferred by the reverberation time delay) increases with mass accretion rate.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Suppression and restoration of disorder-induced light localization mediated by PT-symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Kartashov, Yaroslav V.
name: Hang, Chao
name: Konotop, Vladimir V.
name: Vysloukh, Victor A.
name: Huang, Guoxiang
name: Torner, Lluis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We uncover that the breaking point of the PT-symmetry in optical waveguide arrays has a dramatic impact on light localization induced by the off-diagonal disorder. Specifically, when the gain/loss control parameter approaches a critical value at which PT-symmetry breaking occurs, a fast growth of the coupling between neighboring waveguides causes diffraction to dominate to an extent that light localization is strongly suppressed and statistically averaged width of the output pattern substantially increases. Beyond the symmetry-breaking point localization is gradually restored, although in this regime the power of localized modes grows upon propagation. The strength of localization monotonically increases with disorder at both, broken and unbroken PT-symmetry.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Laser and Photonics Reviews