cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Linear stability of vector Horndeski black holes
Creators: name: Chen, Che-Yu
name: De Felice, Antonio
name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Horndeski's vector-tensor (HVT) gravity is described by a Lagrangian in which the field strength $F_{μν}=\partial_μ A_ν-\partial_ν A_μ$ of a vector field $A_μ$ interacts with a double dual Riemann tensor $L^{μναβ}$ in the form $βL^{μναβ} F_{μν} F_{αβ}$, where $β$ is a constant. In Einstein-Maxwell-HVT theory, there are static and spherically symmetric black hole (BH) solutions with electric or magnetic charges, whose metric components are modified from those in the Reissner-Nordström geometry. The electric-magnetic duality of solutions is broken even at the background level by the nonvanishing coupling constant $β$. We compute a second-order action of BH perturbations containing both the odd- and even-parity modes and show that there are four dynamical perturbations arising from the gravitational and vector-field sectors. We derive all the linear stability conditions associated with the absence of ghosts and radial/angular Laplacian instabilities for both the electric and magnetic BHs. These conditions exhibit the difference between the electrically and magnetically charged cases by reflecting the breaking of electric-magnetic duality at the level of perturbations. In particular, the four angular propagation speeds in the large-multipole limit are different from each other for both the electric and magnetic BHs. This suggests the breaking of eikonal correspondence between the peak position of at least one of the potentials of dynamical perturbations and the radius of photon sphere. For the electrically and magnetically charged cases, we elucidate parameter spaces of the HVT coupling and the BH charge in which the BHs without naked singularities are linearly stable.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
Real time effects of mobile phone radiation on working memory : a systematic review & meta-analysis
Creators: name: Coleman, PJ
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2024

description: My objective was to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of real-time mobile phone radiation (RF-EMF) impacts upon working memory performance in humans. To be eligible for inclusion the studies needed to include response time and/or accuracy measures for real and sham exposure, using a mobile in a natural position against the head for talking, within a controlled environment. Following the eligibility screening and data reduction, I produced a global meta-analysis that used all 19 reports and 733 participants. A random-effects model (Cohen's d) generated a point estimate of negligible size that was not statistically significant, SMD = 0.04, p = 0.54, 95% CI [-0.06, 0.14]. This result is consistent with the most previous meta-analyses of 2017, with further refinements of only pulsed (GSM) radiofrequency of real-time effects, and inclusion of four further studies. While the global meta-analysis was not significant, there were substantial risks of bias informing this outcome. Detection biases of exposure conditions (power and duration), research funding management, and individualised testing would improve the validity and reliability of future research. Related research increasingly focus upon impacts from varied environmental sources of RF-EMF and controlled trials could support the conclusions. The systematic review and meta-analysis process should also continue with unbiassed removal of flawed studies. This acknowledges the value of evidence-based decision making for managing real effects to inform public health decision-making.
title: The Mijikenda and Mombasa to c. 1930.
Creators: name: Willis, Justin
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1989

description: The Mijikenda are a group of nine peoples who live on the coast around, and in the immediate hinterland of, Mombasa. Their identity as the Mijikenda is a recent construct, and is structured around traditions of migration from a common place of origin in the north, called Singwaya. These traditions have also been employed by elder males within Mijikenda groups to explain and legitimate the institutions around which their power is based. Until the 1940s, all the Mijikenda peoples were called the Nyika, defined as such in opposition to the Swahili who live in the coastal towns. Individuals could and did change their identity from a Nyika one to a Swahili one, and the two identities, while they were in opposition, were parts of a single paradigm. Ties of kin cut across the boundary between the two identities. This fluidity of identity on the coast gave the hinterland people a considerable ability to avoid the demands of the colonial state. In the context of a labour shortage on the coast, the permeability of Swahili identity was perceived as a considerable problem by colonial authorities. They instituted a number of measures intended to reduce the influence of the Swahili and Arabs over hinterland people and to redefine ethnicity. These policies and economic changes in Mombasa transformed relationships on the coast, and in particular they changed the way in which migrants moved to Mombasa. A Mijikenda identity grew out of these changes, following but essentially paralleling the use by some Swahili of the Twelve Tribes title as an exclusive identity which denied membership of the group to more recent immigrants.
A Probabilistic-based Drift Correction Module for Visual Inertial SLAMs
Creators: name: Navard, Pouyan
name: Yilmaz, Alper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Positioning is a prominent field of study, notably focusing on Visual Inertial Odometry (VIO) and Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) methods. Despite their advancements, these methods often encounter dead-reckoning errors that leads to considerable drift in estimated platform motion especially during long traverses. In such cases, the drift error is not negligible and should be rectified. Our proposed approach minimizes the drift error by correcting the estimated motion generated by any SLAM method at each epoch. Our methodology treats positioning measurements rendered by the SLAM solution as random variables formulated jointly in a multivariate distribution. In this setting, The correction of the drift becomes equivalent to finding the mode of this multivariate distribution which jointly maximizes the likelihood of a set of relevant geo-spatial priors about the platform motion and environment. Our method is integrable into any SLAM/VIO method as an correction module. Our experimental results shows the effectiveness of our approach in minimizing the drift error by 10x in long treverses.
Integrating Discrete Sub-grid Filters with Discretization-Corrected Particle Strength Exchange Method for High Reynolds Number Flow Simulations
Creators: name: Obeidat, Anas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a discrete filter for subgrid-scale (SGS) model, coupled with the discretization corrected particle strength exchange (DC-PSE) method for the simulation of three-dimensional viscous incompressible flow, at high Reynolds flows. The majority of turbulence modelling techniques, particularly in complex geometries, face significant computational challenges due to the difficulties in implementing 3-D convolution operations for asymmetric boundary conditions or curved domain boundaries. In this contribution Taylor expansion is used to define differential operators corresponding to the convolution filter, so that the transfer function remains very close to the unity of sizeable displacement in wave number, making the filter a good approximation to the convolution one. A discrete Gaussian filter, in both fourth and second-order forms, was evaluated with varying ratios of particle spacing to the cut-off length. The impact of the filter's order and the ratio's value is thoroughly examined and detailed in the study. Additionally, the Brinkman penalisation technique is employed to impose boundary conditions implicitly, allowing for efficient and accurate flow simulations around complex geometries without the need for modifying the numerical method or computational domain. The incompressible flow is governed by the the he Entropically Damped Artificial Compressibility equations allowing explicit simulation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is validated through several benchmark problems, including isotropic turbulence decay, and flow around four cylinders arranged in a square in-line configuration. These test cases demonstrate the method's accuracy in capturing the intricate flow structures characteristic of high Reynolds number flows, highlighting its applicability to industrial turbulence modeling.
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis with $f(R)$ gravity scalarons and astrophysical consequences
Creators: name: Talukdar, Abhijit
name: Kalita, Sanjeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $f(R)$ gravity is one of the serious alternatives of general relativity having a large range of astronomical consequences. In this work, we study Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) in $f(R)$ gravity theory. We consider modification to gravity due to the existence of primordial black holes in the radiation era which introduce additional degrees of freedom known as scalarons. We calculate the light element abundances by using the BBN code PArthENoPE. It is found that for a range of scalaron mass $(2.2-3.5) \times 10^4$ eV, the abundance of lithium is lowered by $3-4$ times the value predicted by general relativistic BBN which is a level desired to address the cosmological lithium problem. For the above scalaron mass range the helium abundance is within the observed bound. However, the deuterium abundance is found to be increased by $3-6$ times the observed primordial abundance. It calls for a high efficiency of stellar formation and evolution processes for destruction of primordial deuterium which is suggested as possible in scalaron gravity. A novel relation between scalaron mass and black hole mass has been used to show that the above scalaron mass range corresponds to primordial black holes of sub-planetary mass ($\sim 10^{19}$ g) serving as one of the potential candidates of non-baryonic dark matter. We infer Big Bang equivalence of power law $f(R)$ gravity with primordial black holes that are detectable with upcoming gravitational wave detectors.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, 2 subfigures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
title: Indian External Policy With Special Reference to the North-Western and Eastern Frontiers, 1876-1898.
Creators: name: Singhal, Damodar Prasad
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1955

description: This study is an account of the diplomatic relations of India with Afghanistan on the North-Western frontier and with Burma on the Eastern. Since the problems of the North-Western frontier figured more prominently in the Indian external policy, the major part of the work has been devoted to the discussion of Afghan questions. 'Containment' was the aim of the Indian policy towards Afghanistan until the period of Lytton's viceroyalty. Supported by the Conservative government in London, Lytton almost immediately transformed the policy of containment into a policy of interference, as he was convinced that Afghanistan could not for long survive as an independent state between the two great European powers. It was for Britain through India to assert herself. He started by applying political pressure on the Amir in an attempt to dictate his terms, but eventually resorted to military action. Opposed to this 'Forward' policy were the Liberals. When they came to power in 1880. Lytton was replaced by Ripon, who was charged to withdraw from Afghanistan without loss of prestige. Ripon with his patience and tact was successful in obtaining the friendship and confidence of the Afghan ruler by helping him to consolidate his kingdom. The consolidation of Amir's power and the occupation of Merv by Russia in 1884 led to the appointment of an Anglo-Russian Boundary Commission and finally to the delimitation of the ill-defined Northern boundary of Afghanistan in 1887. Between 1890 and 1898, Indo-Afghan relations became strained largely over the ill-defined the boundary of Southern Afghanistan, due to the revival of Forward policy by Lansdowne and Elgin. However, the diplomatic negotiations prevented an open clash and culminated in the demarcation of the disputed territories. On the Eastern frontier, Indian policy was not so fluctuating. The British commitments in Afghanistan prevented Lytton from pursuing a forward policy towards Burma, But the Kabul massacre in 1879 provided an opportunity to Lytton to withdraw the British Residency from Mandalay. Ripon could not restore normal diplomatic intercourse between India and Burma without publicly disowning the stand the British had already taken. However, the pressure from commercial quarters and danger of French intrigues in Burma forced Dufferin to annex Upper Burma in 1886. This study has made great use of the original documents and private papers, which have come to light only recently. With the help of these materials, it has been possible to confirm certain historical beliefs and demolish certain others.
Supplemental Material, feasibility_IPE_CommPharm_final_8_19_supplementary_appendices_1 - Feasibility of Interprofessional Education in a Community Pharmacy
Creators: name: O’Connell, Mary Beth
name: Pattin, Anthony J.
name: Gilkey, Stephanie J.
name: Dereczyk, Amy L.
name: Lucarotti, Richard L.
name: Chackunkal, Seema J.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental Material, feasibility_IPE_CommPharm_final_8_19_supplementary_appendices_1 for Feasibility of Interprofessional Education in a Community Pharmacy by Mary Beth O’Connell, Anthony J. Pattin, Stephanie J. Gilkey, Amy L. Dereczyk, Richard L. Lucarotti and Seema J. Chackunkal in Journal of Pharmacy Practice
title: The Evolution of Representative Government in India, 1884-1909.
Creators: name: Chakravarty, S.
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1954

description: This thesis analyses the emergence of representative government in India both in the central and in provincial governments between 1884 and 1909. The first chapter examines the non-official demand for representation, and the attitude of various sections of public opinion to it in India as also in England. The second chapter deals with the reaction to these demands of the various governmental authorities leading to the drafting of the first reforms bill which became law in 1892. The career of this bill in the British parliament forms the subject of the third chapter. The fourth chapter covers the rules and regulations giving effect to the 1892 Act and the non-official views on the measure. The fifth chapter' concerns the two provinces --- the Punjab and the Central Provinces --- excluded in 1892 from the scope of the reforms. L The sixth chapter tells of demands for fresh reforms, and their repercussions on Indian and British non-official opinion. The seventh chapter studies Government reaction and the formulation of the Morley-Minto reforms. The passage of the Indian Councils bill 1909 through Parliament is the subject of the eighth chapter. The ninth chapter having considered the rules and regulations made under the 1909 Act analyses the state of feeling of different non-official schools of opinion on the new reforms: the conflicting view-points are summed up and commented upon at the end of the chapter. The materials consulted include private papers, original government correspondence and records, parliamentary papers, parliamentary proceedings, annual reports, newspapers, periodicals, pamphlets and published books.
sj-pdf-1-epb-10.1177_2399808320932575 - Supplemental material for Walking accessibility to neighbourhood open space in a multi-level urban environment of Hong Kong
Creators: name: Bo-Sin Tang
name: Wong, Kenneth KH
name: Tang, Kenneth SS
name: Siu Wai Wong
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geography
subject: 120599 Urban and Regional Planning not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-epb-10.1177_2399808320932575 for Walking accessibility to neighbourhood open space in a multi-level urban environment of Hong Kong by Bo-Sin Tang, Kenneth KH Wong, Kenneth SS Tang and Siu Wai Wong in EPB: Urban Analytics and City Science
Grammatical Error Correction for Code-Switched Sentences by Learners of English
Creators: name: Chan, Kelvin Wey Han
name: Bryant, Christopher
name: Nguyen, Li
name: Caines, Andrew
name: Yuan, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Code-switching (CSW) is a common phenomenon among multilingual speakers where multiple languages are used in a single discourse or utterance. Mixed language utterances may still contain grammatical errors however, yet most existing Grammar Error Correction (GEC) systems have been trained on monolingual data and not developed with CSW in mind. In this work, we conduct the first exploration into the use of GEC systems on CSW text. Through this exploration, we propose a novel method of generating synthetic CSW GEC datasets by translating different spans of text within existing GEC corpora. We then investigate different methods of selecting these spans based on CSW ratio, switch-point factor and linguistic constraints, and identify how they affect the performance of GEC systems on CSW text. Our best model achieves an average increase of 1.57 $F_{0.5}$ across 3 CSW test sets (English-Chinese, English-Korean and English-Japanese) without affecting the model's performance on a monolingual dataset. We furthermore discovered that models trained on one CSW language generalise relatively well to other typologically similar CSW languages.
Supplementary Material 1 - Supplemental material for An Antibacterial Isovaleronitrile Diglycoside From Detarium microcarpum Guill. Perr. (Fabaceae)
Creators: name: Feudjou, William F.
name: Mbock, Arnaud M.
name: Ouahouo, Marlyse B. W.
name: Sielinou, Valérie T.
name: Racéline K. Gounoue
name: Mkounga, Pierre
name: Lenta, Bruno N.
name: Dimo, Théophile
name: Fekam, Fabrice B.
name: Sewald, Norbert
name: Nkengfack, Augustin E.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental material, Supplementary Material 1, for An Antibacterial Isovaleronitrile Diglycoside From Detarium microcarpum Guill. Perr. (Fabaceae) by William F. Feudjou, Arnaud M. Mbock, Marlyse B. W. Ouahouo, Valérie T. Sielinou, Racéline K. Gounoue, Pierre Mkounga, Bruno N. Lenta, Théophile Dimo, Fabrice B. Fekam, Norbert Sewald and Augustin E. Nkengfack in Natural Product Communications
sj-pdf-1-smm-10.1177_0962280220939123 - Supplemental material for Semiparametric regression of the illness-death model with interval censored disease incidence time: An application to the ACLS data
Creators: name: Zhou, Jie
name: Zhang, Jiajia
name: McLain, Alexander C
name: Lu, Wenbin
name: Sui, Xuemei
name: Hardin, James W
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: Health and Community Services
Nursing not elsewhere classified
Sociological Methodology and Research Methods

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-smm-10.1177_0962280220939123 for Semiparametric regression of the illness-death model with interval censored disease incidence time: An application to the ACLS data by Jie Zhou, Jiajia Zhang, Alexander C McLain, Wenbin Lu, Xuemei Sui and James W Hardin in Statistical Methods in Medical Research
title: The King's African Rifles: A Study in the Military History of East and Central Africa, 1890-1914.
Creators: name: Bartlett, H. M.
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1954

description: The early growth of military forces in British Central Africa, British East Africa and Uganda was not governed by an established military policy, nor was there co-ordination between the three territories. During the period 1890 - 95, native levies were raised by Lugard, Johnson, Portal and the officials of the Imperial British East Africa Company. In 1895 these forces were organized into three regiments: the Central Africa Rifles; the Uganda Rifles, and the East Africa Rifles. During the 1890's these regiments were required, with the help of the Indian army, to establish internal security and to combat Arab opposition to the spread of European influence. In 1901 proposals were put forward for the amalgama-tion in a single regiment of all the military forces in east and central Africa, under the supervision of an inspector-General, seconded to the Foreign Office as military adviser. The purpose of this reform was to ensure a common policy in administration and training, and mutual support between the torritories in time of emergency. On 1 January 1902 the King's African Rifles was accordingly continued with an Initial establishment of six battalions, formed from the three early regiments an Indian Contingent, and the tribal levies of British Somaliland. During the ensuing 12 years the Regiment fought in several campaigns against the 'Mad Mullah' of Somaliland, and carried out a number of punitive expeditions in support of the extension of civil administration in British Hast Africa and Uganda. In spite of these growing commitments the constant demand for economy as the new protectorates strove to balance their budgets reduced the Regiment to a strength of three battalions, and in 1912 brought British East Africa to the verge of military collapse. Military consolidation had however, proceeded far enough to enable the threat of invasion to be averted in 1914.
Is a direct numerical simulation (DNS) of Navier-Stokes equations with small enough grid spacing and time-step definitely reliable/correct?
Creators: name: Qin, Shejie
name: Yang, Yu
name: Huang, Yongxiang
name: Mei, Xinyu
name: Wang, Lipo
name: Liao, Shijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Traditionally, results given by the direct numerical simulation (DNS) of Navier-Stokes equations are widely regarded as reliable benchmark solutions of turbulence, as long as grid spacing is fine enough (i.e. less than the minimum Kolmogorov scale) and time-step is small enough, say, satisfying the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition. Is this really true? In this paper a two-dimensional sustained turbulent Kolmogorov flow is investigated numerically by the two numerical methods with detailed comparisons: one is the traditional `direct numerical simulation' (DNS), the other is the `clean numerical simulation' (CNS). The results given by DNS are a kind of mixture of the false numerical noise and the true physical solution, which however are mostly at the same order of magnitude due to the butterfly-effect of chaos. On the contrary, the false numerical noise of the results given by CNS is much smaller than the true physical solution of turbulence in a long enough interval of time so that a CNS result is very close to the true physical solution and thus can be used as a benchmark solution. It is found that numerical noise as a kind of artificial tiny disturbances can lead to huge deviations at large scale on the two-dimensional Kolmogorov turbulence, not only quantitatively (even in statistics) but also qualitatively (such as symmetry of flow). Thus, fine enough spatial grid spacing with small enough time-step alone cannot guarantee the validity of the DNS: it is only a necessary condition but not sufficient. This finding might challenge some assumptions in investigation of turbulence. So, DNS results of a few sustained turbulent flows might have huge deviations on both of small and large scales from the true solution of Navier-Stokes equations even in statistics. Hopefully, CNS as a new tool to investigate turbulent flows more accurately than DNS could bring us some new discoveries.
description: 27 pages, 18 figures
title: The Islamic Law of Marriage and Divorce in India and Pakistan Since Partition.
Creators: name: Hinchcliffe, Doreen
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1971

description: The importance of Islamic law in the legal system of the Indian sub-continent in beyond dispute. The purpose of this thesis is to review the developments which have taken place in that law since independence and partition in 1947, in the light of both statute and case-law. Chapter one is introductory and deals briefly with the development of Islamic law up to partition. Chapter two discusses the conclusion of the contract of marriage and its proof, stipulations in marriage contracts and irregular contracts; chapter three is concerned with the law relating to child marriages and polygamous marriages; chapter four deals with the two main incidents of the marriage contract - dower and maintenance. Chapter five discusses the husband's power to unilaterally terminate the marriage by exercise of his right of talaq. Problems of delegated talaq whereby the husband grants the wife the right to end the marriage are also discussed. Chapters six, seven, eight and nine are concerned with judicial dissolution of the marriage at the instance of the wife. Chapter six discusses the changes introduced into the traditional law by the Dissolution of Muslirm Marriages Act 1959 as amended in Pakistan by the Family Laws Ordinance 1964. The West Pakistan Family Courts Act 1964 which established special courts to deal with inter alia suits for the dissolution of marriages is then reviewed. The chapter then deals with divorce on the grounds of the husband's failure to maintain in accordance with the provisions of S.2 (ii) of the 1939 Act. Chapter seven is concerned with the law relating to the exercise of the option of puberty. Chapter eight discusses suits for the dissolution of marriage brought under Section 2 clause (i), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (viii) and (ix). Chapter nine reviews recent judicial reform in Pakistan in the law relating to khul'. Chapter ten discusses the important problem of internal conflict of laws in India and Pakistan.
title: The Development of the Laws and Constitution of Cameroon.
Creators: name: Monie, John Nkengong
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1970

description: The Federal Republic of Cameroon which came into existence on October 1, 1961, is made up of former Southern Cameroons which was administered by the British Government as an integral part of her Colony of Nigeria, and the Republic of Cameroon - a former trust territory under French Administration. Thus West Cameroon (i.e. former Southern Cameroons) was endowed with a legal system akin to that of Nigeria, and therefore of Great Britain, and East Cameroon (i.e. the former Republic of Cameroon) was endowed with the French legal system. This thesis, the first of its kind, attempts to trace the development of the laws and constitution of Cameroon within the framework not only of these two major foreign legal systems, but also of the indigenous systems. The work is divided into three Parts comprising of twelve chapters. Part I, comprising only of Chapter I, deals with a general historical and ethnographic survey of Cameroon. An attempt has been made, particularly in connection with the historical introduction, to piece together the various treaties and agreements which gave Cameroon her present boundaries. Part II comprises of Chapters II - IV. Chapter II deals with the administration, by the French and British Governments, within the framework of the Mandate and Trusteeship systems, of their respective parts of Cameroon. Attention is also paid to the political and constitutional developments leading to independence and reunification. These include the United Nations conducted plebiscites in the Cameroons and the Cameroons: case at the International Court of Justice which arose therefrom. Chapter III is devoted to an analysis of the Federal and Federated State constitutions while Chapter IV deals with the courts and legal profession in Cameroon. Part III comprises Chapters V - XII, each of which deals with a specific subject. Thus Chapter V traces the Sources of Law in Cameroon while Chapter VI deals with Procedure and Evidence. The five others deal respectively with Criminal Law, Civil Law (i.e. Contract and Tort), Commercial Law, Land Law and Family Law. Chapter XII deals briefly with the attempts, few as they are, which have been made to integrate the law. In each of the chapters in this part, we have tried to deal with both the French and English law on each topic, the aim being to point out where they are different and to make suggestions for dealing with such differences. Although these suggestions have sometimes come out either in favour of French or English law where either system was thought better, we have not ceased to emphasize the tremendous advantage in being able to produce new laws based on the best from both systems.
Embedded Domain Walls and Electroweak Baryogenesis
Creators: name: Schröder, Tobias
name: Brandenberger, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Embedded walls are domain wall solutions which are unstable in the vacuum but stabilized in a plasma of the early Universe. We show how embedded walls in which the electroweak symmetry is restored can lead to an efficient scenario of electroweak baryogenesis. We construct an extension of the Standard Model of particle physics in which embedded walls exist and are stabilized in an electromagnetic plasma.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure; v2: updated references, discussion of local EWBG and figure 1 added, matches version published in Phys. Rev. D
sj-pdf-1-asp-10.1177_0003702820933616 - Supplemental material for Monitoring the Caustic Dissolution of Aluminum Alloy in a Radiochemical Hot Cell Using Raman Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Sadergaski, Luke R.
name: DePaoli, David W.
name: Myhre, Kristian G.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-asp-10.1177_0003702820933616 for Monitoring the Caustic Dissolution of Aluminum Alloy in a Radiochemical Hot Cell Using Raman Spectroscopy by Luke R. Sadergaski, David W. DePaoli and Kristian G. Myhre in Applied Spectroscopy
title: British Policy on the North-East Frontier of India, 1865-1914.
Creators: name: Choudhury, Deba Prosad
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1970

description: The purpose of the present thesis is to analyse British policy on the north-east frontier of India between 1865 and 1914. The recent dispute between India and China over this area gives added significance to this subject. Until the early years of the twentieth century, the government was concerned with the local problem of dealing with the tribesmen of the frontier. There was no pressure of a foreign power to make this frontier a subject of international importance. The government's main objective at this time was to maintain peaceful relations with the tribes by means of a policy of non-interference. Troubles with the tribes were however a familiar occurrence, and the government tried to deal with the situation by economic and military measures. But the British never tried to occupy and directly administer the tribal country. This policy might have continued well into the twentieth century, had not the frontier witnessed Chinese pressure from the north after the Chinese seizure of Lhasa in 1910. This new situation forced the British to part with the former policy which was not suited to meet an international tension here. Although they were still reluctant to administer the area directly, they decided to bring it under a sort of political control. The culmination of this new policy was the negotiation of the Indo-Tibetan boundary in 1914 during the Siml a Conference. Besides published sources, the relevant Private Papers and the archives of the India Office Library and Public Record Office have been utilised for the present study.
Generating Synthetic Rainfall Fields by R-vine Copulas Applied to Seamless Probabilistic Predictions
Creators: name: Schaumann, Peter
name: Rempel, Martin
name: Blahak, Ulrich
name: Schmidt, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many post-processing methods improve forecasts at individual locations but remove their correlation structure, which is crucial for predicting larger-scale events like total precipitation amount over areas such as river catchments that are relevant for weather warnings and flood predictions. We propose a method to reintroduce spatial correlation into a post-processed forecast using an R-vine copula fitted to historical observations. This method works similarly to related approaches like the Schaake shuffle and ensemble copula coupling, i.e., by rearranging predictions at individual locations and reintroducing spatial correlation while maintaining the post-processed marginal distribution. Here, the copula measures how well an arrangement compares with the historical distribution of precipitation. No close relationship is needed between the post-processed marginal distributions and the spatial correlation source. This is an advantage compared to Schaake shuffle and ensemble copula coupling, which rely on a ranking with no ties at each considered location in their source for spatial correlations. However, weather variables such as the precipitation amount, whose distribution has an atom at zero, have rankings with ties. To evaluate the proposed method, it is applied to a precipitation forecast produced by a combination model with two input forecasts that deliver calibrated marginal distributions but without spatial correlations. The obtained results indicate that the calibration of the combination model carries over to the output of the proposed model, i.e., the evaluation of area predictions shows a similar improvement in forecast quality as the predictions for individual locations. Additionally, the spatial correlation of the forecast is evaluated with the help of object-based metrics, for which the proposed model also shows an improvement compared to both input forecasts.
title: Labour Supply and Employment Creation in the Urban Areas of Iran, 1956-1966.
Creators: name: Bartsch, William Henry
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1970

description: Despite a high level of investment and rapid rate of growth in the urban economy of Iran during the decade 1956-1966, the amount of net new employment generated was relatively modest. Since the supply of labour in the urban areas grew at a faster pace than did new work opportunities, the incidence of open unemployment increased over the period. Furthermore, most of the new employment created was either in self-employment of a marginal nature or in wage employment of very low productivity and earnings in tiny production units or outside any establishment, mainly the consequence of the inability of the modem sector to absorb the great numbers of workers seeking employment at its gates. Other persons recorded by surveys as economically-inactive were in reality unemployed and (although not actively) were searching for work. When these "passive" job-seekers, the "disguised unemployed" in forced self-employment, and the openly unemployed actively seeking work are all recognized as components of unemployment, then the real extent of urban worklessness in Iran reaches great dimensions. However, the Iranian Government appears oblivious of the gravity of the problem and continues to treat employment generation only as a residual of the country's growth and development.
Bistable Organic Electrochemical Transistors: Enthalpy vs. Entropy
Creators: name: Bongartz, Lukas M.
name: Kantelberg, Richard
name: Meier, Tommy
name: Hoffmann, Raik
name: Matthus, Christian
name: Weissbach, Anton
name: Cucchi, Matteo
name: Kleemann, Hans
name: Leo, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) underpin a range of emerging technologies, from bioelectronics to neuromorphic computing, owing to their unique coupling of electronic and ionic charge carriers. In this context, various OECT systems exhibit significant hysteresis in their transfer curve, which is frequently leveraged to achieve non-volatility. Meanwhile, a general understanding of its physical origin is missing. Here, we introduce a thermodynamic framework that readily explains the emergence of bistable OECT operation via the interplay of enthalpy and entropy. We validate this model through temperature-resolved characterizations, material manipulation, and thermal imaging. Further, we reveal deviations from Boltzmann statistics for the subthreshold swing and reinterpret existing literature. Capitalizing on these findings, we finally demonstrate a single-OECT Schmitt trigger, thus compacting a multi-component circuit into a single device. These insights provide a fundamental advance for OECT physics and its application in non-conventional computing, where symmetry-breaking phenomena are pivotal to unlock new paradigms of information processing.
Supplemental Material, Contexts_Components_supplemental_5.30.20 - When we say “perceived support,” what do we mean? Contexts and components of support among people with serious medical conditions
Creators: name: Rivers, Alannah Shelby
name: Sanford, Keith
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200199 Communication and Media Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Supplemental Material, Contexts_Components_supplemental_5.30.20 for When we say “perceived support,” what do we mean? Contexts and components of support among people with serious medical conditions by Alannah Shelby Rivers and Keith Sanford in Journal of Social and Personal Relationships
Fractional maximal operators on weighted variable Lebesgue spaces over the spaces of homogeneous type
Creators: name: Cen, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B25, 42B35

description: Let $(X,d,μ)$ is a space of homogeneous type, we establish a new class of fractional-type variable weights $A_{p(\cdot), q(\cdot)}(X)$. Then, we get the new weighted strong-type and weak-type characterizations for fractional maximal operators $M_η$ on weighted variable Lebesgue spaces over $(X,d,μ)$. This study generalizes the results by Cruz-Uribe-Fiorenza-Neugebauer (2012), Bernardis-Dalmasso-Pradolini (2014), Cruz-Uribe-Shukla (2018), and Cruz-Uribe-Cummings (2022).
description: In the officially published documents, there is a symbol error in Theorem 1.10 and there is an additional reference in the References. We have corrected these mistakes
supplemental_materials_(1) - Comparison of Web-Based and Paper Advance Directives: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Creators: name: Rolnick, Joshua A.
name: Oredeko, Francisca
name: Cooney-Zingman, Elizabeth
name: Asch, David A.
name: Halpern, Scott D.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111702 Aged Health Care

description: supplemental_materials_(1) for Comparison of Web-Based and Paper Advance Directives: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial by Joshua A. Rolnick, Francisca Oredeko, Elizabeth Cooney-Zingman, David A. Asch and Scott D. Halpern in American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine®
Meade_SCZsevere_supplement_9-Apr-20 – Supplemental material for Efficacy and safety of brexpiprazole in patients with schizophrenia presenting with severe symptoms: Post-hoc analysis of short- and long-term studies
Creators: name: Meade, Nicole
name: Shi, Lily
name: Meehan, Stine R
name: Weiss, Catherine
name: Zahinoor Ismail
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)

description: Supplemental material, Meade_SCZsevere_supplement_9-Apr-20 for Efficacy and safety of brexpiprazole in patients with schizophrenia presenting with severe symptoms: Post-hoc analysis of short- and long-term studies by Nicole Meade, Lily Shi, Stine R Meehan, Catherine Weiss and Zahinoor Ismail in Journal of Psychopharmacology
title: Murshid Quli Khan and His Times.
Creators: name: Karim, Abdul
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1962

description: Chapter I defines the scope and importance of the work, evaluates the existing works on the subject, and describes the sources utilised. Chapter II deals with the career of Murshid Quli Khan, setting it in perspective of Mughal imperial politics. The chronological mistakes of former writers have been corrected. Murshid Quli Khan's position under the Emperors Bahadur Shah and Farrukh Siyar, confused by previous writers, has been discussed and clarified. Chapter III deals with the provincial administration under Murshid Quli Khan. His influence over the provincial administration and provincial officers has been brought to light. This aspect had been neglected by previous scholars. Murshid Quli Khan's revenue reforms have been discussed in the light of non-Persian sources, which earlier writers had neglected. An attempt has been made to explain some obscure points like the basis of settlement and the rates of revenues. Chapter IV deals with Murshid Quli Khan's relations with the European companies, and corrects misunderstandings and misinterpretations by previous scholars, such as Charles Stewart, C.R. Wilson and Miss Anjali Sen. In particular the thesis that Murshid Quli Khan harassed the English traders for his own gain, has been refuted. In Section V, Murshid Quli Khan's relations with other European traders have been discussed, though only in outline. Chapter V in its two sections, deals with the effect of Murshid Quli Khan's rule on the trade, commerce and economic conditions of Bengal and on the social life of the province. The economy of Bengal has been studied by S. Bhattacharya in his East India Company and the Economy of Bengal 1704-1740, to whom the present writer is greatly indebted, but in the present study an attempt has been made both to identify the role of Murshid Quli Khan and to examine more closely the part played by the local people in the expanding trade and commerce of the country, and to show what benefits they derived from the expansion. The second section deals with other aspects of the society during Murshid Quli Khan's time. Such points as the composition of the society, education and Hindu-Muslim relations have been discussed. The Conclusion provides a brief review of the main themes of the thesis.
Table_S2_supplementary_material – Supplemental material for Changes in inflammatory biomarkers are related to the antidepressant effects of Ayahuasca
Creators: name: Galvão-Coelho, Nicole Leite
name: Galvão, Ana Cecília De Menezes
name: Raíssa Nóbrega De Almeida
name: Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda
name: Braga, Isaac Campos
name: Soares, Bruno Lobão
name: Maia-De-Oliveira, João Paulo
name: Perkins, Daniel
name: Sarris, Jerome
name: Draulio Barros De Araujo
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)

description: Supplemental material, Table_S2_supplementary_material for Changes in inflammatory biomarkers are related to the antidepressant effects of Ayahuasca by Nicole Leite Galvão-Coelho, Ana Cecília de Menezes Galvão, Raíssa Nóbrega de Almeida, Fernanda Palhano-Fontes, Isaac Campos Braga, Bruno Lobão Soares, João Paulo Maia-de-Oliveira, Daniel Perkins, Jerome Sarris and Draulio Barros de Araujo in Journal of Psychopharmacology
Thermodynamic Stability Versus Chaos Bound Violation in D-dimensional RN Black Holes: Angular Momentum Effects and Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Lei, Yu-Qi
name: Ge, Xian-Hui
name: Dalui, Surojit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the Lyapunov exponents for test particles orbiting in unstable circular trajectories around D-dimensional Reissner-Nordström (RN) black holes, scrutinizing instances of the chaos bound violation. Notably, we discover that an increase in particle angular momentum exacerbates the breach of the chaos bound. Our research centrally investigates the correlation between black hole thermodynamic phase transitions and the breaking of the chaos limit. Findings suggest that the chaos bound can only be transgressed within thermodynamically stable phases of black holes. Specifically, in the four-dimensional scenario, the critical point of the thermodynamic phase transition aligns with the threshold condition that delineates the onset of chaos bound violation. These outcomes underscore a deep-rooted link between the thermodynamic stability of black holes and the constraints imposed by the chaos bound on particle dynamics.
description: Some more discussion and references added
sj-pdf-1-smm-10.1177_0962280220938088 - Supplemental material for Using gradient boosting with stability selection on health insurance claims data to identify disease trajectories in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: Ploner, Tina
name: Heß, Steffen
name: Grum, Marcus
name: Drewe-Boss, Philipp
name: Walker, Jochen
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111708 Health and Community Services
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: 160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-smm-10.1177_0962280220938088 for Using gradient boosting with stability selection on health insurance claims data to identify disease trajectories in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by Tina Ploner, Steffen Heß, Marcus Grum, Philipp Drewe-Boss Jochen Walker in Statistical Methods in Medical Research