cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An acoustic black hole in a stationary hydrodynamic flow of microcavity polaritons
Creators: name: Nguyen, H. S.
name: Gerace, D.
name: Carusotto, I.
name: Sanvitto, D.
name: Galopin, E.
name: Lemaître, A.
name: Sagnes, I.
name: Bloch, J.
name: Amo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an experimental study of superfluid hydrodynamic effects in a one-dimensional polariton fluid flowing along a laterally patterned semiconductor microcavity and hitting a micron-sized engineered defect. At high excitation power, superfluid propagation effects are observed in the polariton dynamics, in particular, a sharp acoustic horizon is formed at the defect position, separating regions of sub- and super-sonic flow. Our experimental findings are quantitatively reproduced by theoretical calculations based on a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Promising perspectives to observe Hawking radiation via photon correlation measurements are illustrated.
description: 5 pages Main + 5 pages Supplementary, 8 figures
Unveiling the Dynamics of Censorship, COVID-19 Regulations, and Protest: An Empirical Study of Chinese Subreddit r/china_irl
Creators: name: Zhou, Siyi
name: Luceri, Luca
name: Ferrara, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified numerous social issues that warrant academic investigation. Although information dissemination has been extensively studied, the silenced voices and censored content also merit attention due to their role in mobilizing social movements. In this paper, we provide empirical evidence to explore the relationships among COVID-19 regulations, censorship, and protest through a series of social incidents occurred in China during 2022. We analyze the similarities and differences between censored articles and discussions on r/china\_irl, the most popular Chinese-speaking subreddit, and scrutinize the temporal dynamics of government censorship activities and their impact on user engagement within the subreddit. Furthermore, we examine users' linguistic patterns under the influence of a censorship-driven environment. Our findings reveal patterns in topic recurrence, the complex interplay between censorship activities, user subscription, and collective commenting behavior, as well as potential linguistic adaptation strategies to circumvent censorship. These insights hold significant implications for researchers interested in understanding the survival mechanisms of marginalized groups within censored information ecosystems.
Catalog, Publications Division, Rutgers Center of Alcohol Studies (1972 Summer)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1972

description: Publications catalog containing the current list of publications (books, journal, pamphlets, fact sheets, posters, etc.) with prices published at the Center of Alcohol Studies. In addition to scholarly titles, items also include "non-technical" and "popular" publications.
Additional file 2 of Multiple waves of freshwater colonization of the three-spined stickleback in the Japanese Archipelago
Creators: name: Kakioka, Ryo
name: Mori, Seiichi
name: Kokita, Tomoyuki
name: Hosoki, Takuya K.
name: Nagano, Atsushi J.
name: Asano Ishikawa
name: Kume, Manabu
name: Toyoda, Atsushi
name: Kitano, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S2. Scatter plots of principal components of genetic differentiation in the Japanese populations based on 813 SNPs. The contributions of each principal component are shown in the parentheses.
On Lennard-Jones type potentials and hard-core potentials with an attractive tail
Creators: name: Morais, Thiago
name: Procacci, Aldo
name: Scoppola, Benedetto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B05

description: We revisit an old tree graph formula, namely the Brydges-Federbush tree identity, and use it to get new bounds for the convergence radius of the Mayer series for gases of continuous particles interacting via non absolutely summable pair potentials with an attractive tail including Lennard-Jones type pair potentials.
Inhibitory control of motor and respiratory components of orienting responses by the substantia nigra pars reticulata
Creators: name: Kennett, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The ability to generate appropriate responses to environmental stimuli is a strong driver of natural selection. The superior colliculus (SC), a highly conserved midbrain structure, plays an integral role in coordinating responses to environmental cues by integrating multiple sensory inputs and coordinating both behavioural (such orienting and escape) and physiological responses (such as changes to respiration, blood pressure, and heart rate). However, the SC receives tonic inhibition that acts as a brake to its excitability, reducing unnecessary responses. It is currently unknown where this tonic GABA (𝛾-aminobutyric acid) drive originates. A likely candidate is the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr). We aimed to confirm that the SNr is a major source of GABA input to the SC. We selectively targeted SNr GABAergic cells with a fluorescent viral tracer to confirm a GABAergic SNr-SC pathway in rats, and to survey other regions for potential receipt of SNr GABAergic input as it was difficult to target solely the SNr-SC pathway alone. We then targeted SNr GABAergic neurons with inhibitory optogenetics to elucidate their role in mediating SC-evoked responses. SNr GABAergic function was analysed during deep and light anaesthesia, sleep and awake, focusing on rat orienting behaviour, respiration, and blood pressure. We report that SNr GABAergic neurons send extensive projections to both the intermediate and deep layers of the SC, whilst also projecting to the motor nuclei in the ventromedial, paracentral and centrolateral regions of the thalamus. Inhibition of the SNr elicits robust head and body orienting response to the contralateral side when unilaterally inhibited and to both sides when bilaterally inhibited in freely behaving rats. Bilaterally SNr inhibition also elicited an increase in respiration in awake rats. However, under light and deep anaesthesia and in natural sleep, we saw no response from bilateral SNr GABA inhibition. Under deep anaesthesia there was no change to phrenic nerve activity, sympathetic nerve activity or blood pressure, even when SNr inhibition was conducted at the same as sensory stimuli (looming, clapping, whisking, and pinching). These responses are likely to be coordinated through the connection to the SC, as results are synonymous with SC activation studies, although difficult to conclude as all SNr projections were inhibited. As such, we suggest a state-dependency in the SNr GABAergic neurons, where SNr inhibition to downstream brain regions (including the SC) is high during wake and disinhibited to create behavioural and respiratory changes, and SNr inhibition is reduced or removed during sleep and under anaesthesia.
A Context-Switching/Dual-Context ROM Augmented RAM using Standard 8T SRAM
Creators: name: Kaiser, Md Abdullah-Al
name: Tieu, Edwin
name: Jacob, Ajey P.
name: Jaiswal, Akhilesh R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The landscape of emerging applications has been continually widening, encompassing various data-intensive applications like artificial intelligence, machine learning, secure encryption, Internet-of-Things, etc. A sustainable approach toward creating dedicated hardware platforms that can cater to multiple applications often requires the underlying hardware to context-switch or support more than one context simultaneously. This paper presents a context-switching and dual-context memory based on the standard 8T SRAM bit-cell. Specifically, we exploit the availability of multi-VT transistors by selectively choosing the read-port transistors of the 8T SRAM cell to be either high-VT or low-VT. The 8T SRAM cell is thus augmented to store ROM data (represented as the VT of the transistors constituting the read-port) while simultaneously storing RAM data. Further, we propose specific sensing methodologies such that the memory array can support RAM-only or ROM-only mode (context-switching (CS) mode) or RAM and ROM mode simultaneously (dual-context (DC) mode). Extensive Monte-Carlo simulations have verified the robustness of our proposed ROM-augmented CS/DC memory on the Globalfoundries 22nm-FDX technology node.
The cosmic evolution of radio-AGN feedback to z=1
Creators: name: Best, P. N.
name: Ker, L. M.
name: Simpson, C.
name: Rigby, E. E.
name: Sabater, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the first measurement of the radio luminosity function of 'jet-mode' (radiatively-inefficient) radio-AGN out to z=1, in order to investigate the cosmic evolution of radio-AGN feedback. Eight radio source samples are combined to produce a catalogue of 211 radio-loud AGN with 0.5
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
A fast and accurate numerical method for the symmetric Lévy processes based on the Fourier transform and sinc-Gauss sampling formula
Creators: name: Tanaka, Ken'ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A40, 41A55, 65M80, 65T20, 65U05

description: In this paper, we propose a fast and accurate numerical method based on Fourier transform to solve Kolmogorov forward equations of symmetric scalar Lévy processes. The method is based on the accurate numerical formulas for Fourier transform proposed by Ooura. These formulas are combined with nonuniform fast Fourier transform (FFT) and fractional FFT to speed up the numerical computations. Moreover, we propose a formula for numerical indefinite integration on equispaced grids as a component of the method. The proposed integration formula is based on the sinc-Gauss sampling formula, which is a function approximation formula. This integration formula is also combined with the FFT. Therefore, all steps of the proposed method are executed using the FFT and its variants. The proposed method allows us to be free from some special treatments for a non-smooth initial condition and numerical time integration. The numerical solutions obtained by the proposed method appeared to be exponentially convergent on the interval if the corresponding exact solutions do not have sharp cusps. Furthermore, the real computational times are approximately consistent with the theoretical estimates.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures, Matlab codes for this article are available on https://github.com/KeTanakaN/mat_symLevy_FT_codes
Collective decision making and paradoxical games
Creators: name: Parrondo, J. M. R.
name: Dinis, L.
name: García-Toraño, E.
name: Sotillo, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study an ensemble of individuals playing the two games of the so-called Parrondo paradox. In our study, players are allowed to choose the game to be played by the whole ensemble in each turn. The choice cannot conform to the preferences of all the players and, consequently, they face a simple frustration phenomenon that requires some strategy to make a collective decision. We consider several such strategies and analyze how fluctuations can be used to improve the performance of the system.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Catalog, Publications Division, Rutgers Center of Alcohol Studies (1974 Spring)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1974

description: Publications catalog containing the current list of publications (books, journal, pamphlets, fact sheets, posters, etc.) with prices published at the Center of Alcohol Studies. In addition to scholarly titles, items also include "non-technical" and "popular" publications.
Magic numbers in periodic sequences
Creators: name: Kreczman, Savinien
name: Prigioniero, Luca
name: Rowland, Eric
name: Stipulanti, Manon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68R15, 11B85, 05A05, 68Q45

description: In formal languages and automata theory, the magic number problem can be formulated as follows: for a given integer n, is it possible to find a number d in the range [n,2^n] such that there is no minimal deterministic finite automaton with d states that can be simulated by an optimal nondeterministic finite automaton with exactly n states? If such a number d exists, it is called magic. In this paper, we consider the magic number problem in the framework of deterministic automata with output, which are known to characterize automatic sequences. More precisely, we investigate magic numbers for periodic sequences viewed as either automatic, regular, or constant-recursive.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, accepted at the international conferences WORDS 2023
Velocity Selection for High-Speed UGVs in Rough Unknown Terrains using Force Prediction
Creators: name: Wilson, Graeme N.
name: Ramirez-Serrano, Alejandro
name: Mustafa, Mahmoud
name: Davies, Krispin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Enabling high speed navigation of Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) in unknown rough terrain where limited or no information is available in advance requires the assessment of terrain in front of the UGV. Attempts have been made to predict the forces the terrain exerts on the UGV for the purpose of determining the maximum allowable velocity for a given terrain. However, current methods produce overly aggressive velocity profiles which could damage the UGV. This paper presents three novel safer methods of force prediction that produce effective velocity profiles. Two models, Instantaneous Elevation Change Model (IECM) and Sinusoidal Base Excitation Model: using Excitation Force (SBEM:EF), predict the forces exerted by the terrain on the vehicle at the ground contact point, while another method, Sinusoidal Base Excitation Model: using Transmitted Force (SBEM:TF), predicts the forces transmitted to the vehicle frame by the suspension.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Intelligent Robotics and Applications, Concordia University, October 3-5, 2012, Montreal, Canada
Additional file 7 of Multiple waves of freshwater colonization of the three-spined stickleback in the Japanese Archipelago
Creators: name: Kakioka, Ryo
name: Mori, Seiichi
name: Kokita, Tomoyuki
name: Hosoki, Takuya K.
name: Nagano, Atsushi J.
name: Asano Ishikawa
name: Kume, Manabu
name: Toyoda, Atsushi
name: Kitano, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 7: Fig. S5. (A) Bar plots showing the results of the population structure analyses of East Pacific samples based on 3790 SNPs with ADMIXTURE (K = 2–4). Individuals are represented as vertical bars with different colours being proportional to the genotypes belonging to each genetic cluster. (B) Cross-validation errors for each K from the ADMIXTURE analyses of the East Pacific populations.
A self-consistent semi-analytic model for Population III star formation in minihalos
Creators: name: Hegde, Sahil
name: Furlanetto, Steven R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of the first stars marks a watershed moment in the history of our universe. As the first luminous structures, these stars (also known as Population III, or Pop III stars) seed the first galaxies and begin the process of reionization. We construct an analytic model to self-consistently trace the formation of Pop III stars inside minihalos in the presence of the fluctuating ultraviolet background, relic dark matter-baryon relative velocities from the early universe, and an X-ray background, which largely work to suppress cooling of gas and delay the formation of this first generation of stars. We demonstrate the utility of this framework in a semi-analytic model for early star formation that also follows the transition between Pop III and Pop II star formation inside these halos. Using our new prescription for the criteria allowing Pop III star formation, we follow a population of dark matter halos from $z=50$ through $z=6$ and examine the global star formation history, finding that each process defines its own key epoch: (i) the stream velocity dominates at the highest redshifts ($z\gtrsim30$), (ii) the UV background sets the tone at intermediate times ($30\gtrsim z\gtrsim15$), and (iii) X-rays control the end of Pop III star formation at the latest times ($z\lesssim 15$). In all of our models, Pop III stars continue to form down to $z\sim 7-10$, when their supernovae will be potentially observable with forthcoming instruments. Finally, we identify the signatures of variations in the Pop III physics in the global 21-cm spin-flip signal of atomic hydrogen.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, published in MNRAS
Patient expertise: Contested territory in the realm of long-term condition care
Creators: name: Francis, Helen
name: Carryer, Jenny
name: Wilkinson, Jillian
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110399 Clinical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the experience of people with multiple long-term conditions with particular reference to the notion of the ‘expert patient’ in the context of self-management. Methods A multiple case study of 16 people with several long-term conditions, included interviews and contacts over an 18-month period and an interview with their primary care clinicians. Analysis included both case-by-case and some cross-case analysis. Results The findings reveal the patient participants had little capacity to exercise the agency necessary be an expert patient as premised. Weariness, shame, expertise, issues of compliance and control and collaboration are contested areas underpinning clinician encounters. Discussion Patient expertise is at the heart of self-management approaches but the findings surfaced several inherent contradictions between the idealised expert patient and their position within a health care system that is entrenched in biomedicine. Conclusion There is a mismatch between how the self-management approach has been operationalised and what the participants who have multiple LTCs reveal as what they want and need. The research concludes that the self-management approach is inappropriate for people with multiple LTCs and that other ways of offering care should be considered.
Realizing PT-symmetric non-Hermiticity with ultra-cold atoms and Hermitian multi-well potentials
Creators: name: Kreibich, Manuel
name: Main, Jörg
name: Cartarius, Holger
name: Wunner, Günter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of realizing a non-Hermitian, i.e. an open two-well system of ultra-cold atoms by enclosing it with additional time-dependent wells that serve as particle reservoirs. With the appropriate design of the additional wells PT-symmetric currents can be induced to and from the inner wells, which support stable solutions. We show that interaction in the mean-field limit does not destroy this property. As a first method we use a simplified variational ansatz leading to a discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation. A more accurate and more general variational ansatz is then used to confirm the results.
A coupled cohesive zone model for transient analysis of thermoelastic interface debonding
Creators: name: Sapora, Alberto
name: Paggi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A coupled cohesive zone model based on an analogy between fracture and contact mechanics is proposed to investigate debonding phenomena at imperfect interfaces due to thermomechanical loading and thermal fields in bodies with cohesive cracks. Traction-displacement and heat flux-temperature relations are theoretically derived and numerically implemented in the finite element method. In the proposed formulation, the interface conductivity is a function of the normal gap, generalizing the Kapitza constant resistance model to partial decohesion effects. The case of a centered interface in a bimaterial component subjected to thermal loads is used as a test problem. The analysis focuses on the time evolution of the displacement and temperature fields during the transient regime before debonding, an issue not yet investigated in the literature. The solution of the nonlinear numerical problem is gained via an implicit scheme both in space and in time. The proposed model is finally applied to a case study in photovoltaics where the evolution of the thermoelastic fields inside a defective solar cell is predicted.
description: 26 pages, 20 figures, post-print of the article published in Computational Mechanics
Additional file 6 of Multiple waves of freshwater colonization of the three-spined stickleback in the Japanese Archipelago
Creators: name: Kakioka, Ryo
name: Mori, Seiichi
name: Kokita, Tomoyuki
name: Hosoki, Takuya K.
name: Nagano, Atsushi J.
name: Asano Ishikawa
name: Kume, Manabu
name: Toyoda, Atsushi
name: Kitano, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 6: Fig. S4. Summary of the flow of bioinformatic analyses.
A PDR model for the FIR mid-$J$ CO ladder with universal rotational temperature in star forming region
Creators: name: Lee, Seokho
name: Lee, Jeong-Eun
name: Bergin, Edwin A.
name: Park, Yong-Sun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A photon dominated region (PDR) is one of the leading candidate mechanisms for the origin of the warm CO gas with near universal $\sim$300~K rotational temperature inferred from the CO emission detected towards embedded protostars by Herschel/PACS. We have developed a PDR model in general coordinates, where we can use the most adequate coordinate system for an embedded protostar having outflow cavity walls, to solve chemistry and gas energetics self-consistently for given UV radiation fields with different spectral shapes. Simple 1D tests and applications show that FIR mid-$J$ ($14\leq J\leq 24$) CO lines are emitted from near the surface of a dense region exposed to high UV fluxes. We apply our model to HH46 and find the UV-heated outflow cavity wall can reproduce the mid-$J$, CO transitions observed by Herschel/PACS. A model with UV radiation corresponding to a blackbody of 10,000~K results in the rotational temperature lower than 300~K, while models with the Draine interstellar radiation field and the 15,000 K blackbody radiation field predict the rotational temperature similar to the observed one.
description: 63 pages, 22 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJS
Exploring the Practices and Experiences of Family-School Partnerships: An In- Depth Case Study
Creators: name: Woo, Eunice
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The value of family-school partnerships (FSP) has been recognised by the Australian government and educational sectors, and their effectiveness and implementation have been studied both nationally and internationally. However, these studies focus on the role of partnerships to increase students’ academic success and reduce problematic behaviours. Discrepancies between parents’ and teachers’ perspectives have not been fully understood in current conventional family-school relationships. Therefore, partnerships are often embodied in sporadic interactions of attending parent-teacher meetings and programs in which parents are expected to support their children’s learning at home. This unilateral approach has limited the reciprocal nature of FSP. Moreover, the parent-teacher dyad in current partnership models has largely dismissed children’s perspectives. This study addressed these gaps by adopting a case study methodology, whereby FSP were explored in-depth in one primary/secondary school site. Data collection consisted of semi-structured interviews with 18 parents, 10 children, five mentors, five teachers, and four executive staff and school documents were also examined for what enabled and constrained enacting and supporting FSP. Using Boundary Theory (Guile, 2011), the Relationship Styles Framework (Karcher & Nakkula, 2010), and the Systemic Model (Keller, 2005), analysis of the data identified the collective roles of the school, parents, and third persons (mentors) as key to build family-school relationships for FSP with children as a whole-school approach. Diverse roles, personal and relationship attributes, and multiple pathways for communication between parents, children, and school staff enabled the school community to create and sustain effective FSP. The analysis identified lack of face-to-face interactions and a positive approach and some inconsistent practices as constraints to building FSP. Recommendations for policy and practice at the government and school levels are offered, along with a call for further research on a triadic children-centred model of partnerships involving parents, teachers, and third persons for more practical and sustainable FSP.
Observation of supersymmetric scattering in photonic lattices
Creators: name: Heinrich, Matthias
name: Stützer, Simon
name: Miri, Mohammad-Ali
name: Nolte, Stefan
name: Christodoulides, Demetrios N.
name: Szameit, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetric (SUSY) optical structures display a number of intriguing properties that can lead to a variety of potential applications, ranging from perfect global phase matching to highly efficient mode conversion and novel multiplexing schemes. Here, we experimentally investigate the scattering characteristics of supersymmetric photonic lattices. We directly observe the light dynamics in such systems and compare the reflection/transmission properties of SUSY partner structures. In doing so, we demonstrate that discrete settings constitute a promising testbed for studying the different facets of optical supersymmetry.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Greener method for tannin and lignin extraction from the yellow birch bark
Creators: name: Faye, Adrien
name: Li, Hongbo
name: Leung, Alfred
name: Maillard, Damien
name: Ton-That, Minh Tan
name: Stoeffler, Karen
name: Benali, Marzouk
Publisher: name: National Research Council Canada
Year: 2017

description: International Bioenergy & Bioproducts Conference (IBBC 2017), 7-9 November 2017, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
Multiple Stellar Populations in Metal-Poor Globular Clusters with JWST: a NIRCam view of M92
Creators: name: Ziliotto, Tuila
name: Milone, Antonino P.
name: Marino, Anna F.
name: Dotter, Aaron L.
name: Renzini, Alvio
name: Vesperini, Enrico
name: Karakas, Amanda I.
name: Cordoni, Giacomo
name: Dondoglio, Emanuele
name: Legnardi, Maria V.
name: Lagioia, Edoardo P.
name: Mohandasan, Anjana
name: Baimukhametova, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work on metal-intermediate globular clusters (GCs) with [Fe/H]=$-1.5$ and $-0.75$ has illustrated the theoretical behavior of multiple populations in photometric diagrams obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). These results are confirmed by observations of multiple populations among M-dwarfs of 47 Tucanae. Here, we explore the multiple populations in metal-poor GCs with [Fe/H]=$-$2.3. We take advantage of synthetic spectra and isochrones that account for the chemical composition of multiple populations to identify photometric diagrams that separate the distinct stellar populations of GCs. We derived high-precision photometry and proper motion for main-sequence stars in the metal-poor GC M 92 from JWST and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images. We identified a first generation (1G) and two main groups of second-generation stars (2G$_{\rm A}$ and 2G$_{\rm B}$) and investigated their kinematics and chemical composition. We find isotropic motions with no differences among the distinct populations. The comparison between the observed colors of M 92 stars and the colors derived by synthetic spectra reveals that helium abundance of 2G$_{\rm A}$ and 2G$_{\rm B}$ stars are higher than that of the 1G by $ΔY \sim 0.01$ and $0.04$, respectively. The $m_{\rm F090W}$ vs. $m_{\rm F090W}-m_{\rm F277W}$ color-magnitude diagram shows that below the knee, MS stars exhibit a wide color broadening due to multiple populations. We constrain the amount of oxygen variation needed to reproduce the observed MS width, which is consistent with results on red-giant branch stars. We conclude that multiple populations with masses of $\sim$0.1-0.8$M_{\odot}$ share similar chemical compositions.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures. Published 2023 August 2 in ApJ
RAPID: Enabling Fast Online Policy Learning in Dynamic Public Cloud Environments
Creators: name: Penney, Drew
name: Li, Bin
name: Chen, Lizhong
name: Sydir, Jaroslaw J.
name: Drewek-Ossowicka, Anna
name: Illikkal, Ramesh
name: Tai, Charlie
name: Iyer, Ravi
name: Herdrich, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Resource sharing between multiple workloads has become a prominent practice among cloud service providers, motivated by demand for improved resource utilization and reduced cost of ownership. Effective resource sharing, however, remains an open challenge due to the adverse effects that resource contention can have on high-priority, user-facing workloads with strict Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. Although recent approaches have demonstrated promising results, those works remain largely impractical in public cloud environments since workloads are not known in advance and may only run for a brief period, thus prohibiting offline learning and significantly hindering online learning. In this paper, we propose RAPID, a novel framework for fast, fully-online resource allocation policy learning in highly dynamic operating environments. RAPID leverages lightweight QoS predictions, enabled by domain-knowledge-inspired techniques for sample efficiency and bias reduction, to decouple control from conventional feedback sources and guide policy learning at a rate orders of magnitude faster than prior work. Evaluation on a real-world server platform with representative cloud workloads confirms that RAPID can learn stable resource allocation policies in minutes, as compared with hours in prior state-of-the-art, while improving QoS by 9.0x and increasing best-effort workload performance by 19-43%.
description: Accepted in Neurocomputing
Limit distribution of a continuous-time quantum walk with a spatially 2-periodic Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Machida, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Focusing on a continuous-time quantum walk on $\mathbb{Z}=\left\{0,\pm 1,\pm 2,\ldots\right\}$, we analyze a probability distribution with which the quantum walker is observed at a position. The walker launches off at a localized state and its system is operated by a spatially periodic Hamiltonian. As a result, we see an asymmetric probability distribution. To catch a long-time behavior, we also try to find a long-time limit theorem and realize that the limit distribution holds a symmetric density function.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Ongoing donor-transmitted diabetic kidney disease in kidney transplant recipients with fair sugar control: a single center retrospective study
Creators: name: Chia-Tien Hsu
name: Mei-Chin Wen
name: Hsien-Fu Chiu
name: Tsai, Shang-Feng
name: Tung-Min Yu
name: Cheng-Kuang Yang
name: Ming-Ju Wu
name: Cheng-Hsu Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1.
Relative dynamics of quantum vortices and massive cores in binary BECs
Creators: name: Bellettini, Alice
name: Richaud, Andrea
name: Penna, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the motion of superfluid vortices with filled massive cores. Previous point-vortex models already pointed out the impact of the core mass on the vortex dynamical properties, but relied on an assumption that is questionable in many physical systems where the immiscibility condition is barely satisfied: the fact that the massive core always lays at the very bottom of the effective confining potential constituted by the hosting vortex. Here, we relax this assumption and present a new point-vortex model where quantum vortices are harmonically coupled to their massive cores. We thoroughly explore the new dynamical regimes offered by this improved model; we then show that the functional dependence of the system normal modes on the microscopic parameters can be correctly interpreted only within this new generalized framework. Our predictions are benchmarked against the numerical simulations of coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations for a realistic mixture of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures
Image analysis of polycrystalline solar cells and modeling of intergranular and transgranular cracking
Creators: name: Infuso, Andrea
name: Corrado, Mauro
name: Paggi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An innovative image analysis technique is proposed to process real solar cell pictures, identify grains and grain boundaries in polycrystalline Silicon, and finally generate finite element meshes. Using a modified intrinsic cohesive zone model approach to avoid mesh dependency, nonlinear finite element simulations show how grain boundaries and Silicon bulk properties influence the crack pattern. Numerical results demonstrate a prevalence of transgranular over intergranular cracking for similar interface fracture properties of grains and grain boundaries, in general agreement with the experimental observation.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures, post-print of the article published in the Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Thinking about health care differently: nurse practitioners in primary health care as social entrepreneurs
Creators: name: Kirkman, Amber
name: Wilkinson, Jillian
name: Scahill, Shane
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified

description: ABSTRACT INTRODUCTIONChallenges facing the primary health-care sector mean that policymakers and clinicians need to think and act differently to move forward. The principles of social entrepreneurship have been implemented successfully for improved health outcomes in other developed nations. There is a knowledge gap around whether nurse practitioners (NPs) in New Zealand primary health care (PHC) align with these principles. AIMTo explore whether and how the innovative activities of primary care NPs can be described as socially entrepreneurial. METHODSA descriptive qualitative approach was used with data collected using semi-structured interviews with NPs working in primary care (n = 7). Data were analysed using general inductive thematic analysis techniques. RESULTSNurse practitioners interviewed worked in government-subsidised private general practice businesses. Two main themes emerged: (1) the nursing model of care aligned with social entrepreneurship; and (2) building social capital. NPs described a desire to see health care delivered differently and this aligned with acting as a social entrepreneur. Social capital emerged through the requirement to establish significant collaborative relationships. DISCUSSIONIt was found that NPs’ work can be described as socially entrepreneurial. The holistic, person and community-centred model of NP care has an ultimate mission of improved health outcomes. Social capital is built through collaborative relationships with other health-care providers, individual service users and the community. However, the juxtaposition of the business model in primary care prevents NPs from initiating and leading sustainable change.
2MTF IV. A bulk flow measurement of the local Universe
Creators: name: Hong, Tao
name: Springob, Christopher M.
name: Staveley-Smith, Lister
name: Scrimgeour, Morag I.
name: Masters, Karen L.
name: Macri, Lucas M.
name: Koribalski, Bärbel S.
name: Jones, D. Heath
name: Jarrett, Tom H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the 2MASS near-infrared photometry and high signal-to-noise HI 21-cm data from the Arecibo, Green Bank, Nancay, and Parkes telescopes, we calculate the redshift-independent distances and peculiar velocities of 2,018 bright inclined spiral galaxies over the whole sky. This project is part of the 2MASS Tully-Fisher survey (2MTF), aiming to map the galaxy peculiar velocity field within 100 h^{-1}Mpc, with an all-sky coverage apart from Galactic latitudes |b|< 5 deg. A χ^2 minimization method was adopted to analyze the Tully-Fisher peculiar velocity field in J, H and K bands, using a Gaussian filter. We combine information from the three wavebands, to provide bulk flow measurements of 310.9 +/- 33.9 km/s, 280.8 +/- 25.0 km/s, and 292.3 +/- 27.8 km/s at depths of 20 h^{-1}Mpc, 30 h^{-1}Mpc and 40 h^{-1}Mpc, respectively. Each of these bulk flow vectors points in a direction similar to those found by previous measurements. At each of the three depths, the bulk flow magnitude is consistent with predictions made by the $Λ$CDM model at the 1$σ$ level. The maximum likelihood and minimum variance method were also used to analyze the 2MTF samples, giving similar results.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Colloidal lead in drinking water: Formation, occurrence, and characterization
Creators: name: Locsin, Javier A.
name: Hood, Kalli M.
name: Doré, Evelyne
name: Trueman, Benjamin F.
name: Gagnon, Graham A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Lead colloids—particles between 0.001 and 1 µm—present unique challenges for maintaining drinking water quality. Most of the published literature on lead in drinking water adopts a threshold for soluble lead of <0.45 µm, yet strong evidence of lead colloids occurring below this threshold has been reported across North America and Europe. This highlights the potential to misclassify colloidal lead as soluble. Remedial actions taken to reduce soluble lead concentrations can differ from those used to target colloidal lead, and in some cases may exacerbate the problem. Concentrations of colloidal lead are difficult to measure and to predict from water quality data. Nevertheless, advances in analytical techniques have allowed for more precise identification and characterization of lead colloids and their interactions with other compounds in drinking water. Analytical cost or expertise may be a barrier to utilizing some of these techniques. A critical analysis, weighing practicality and data quality, of the strengths and weaknesses of these methods is presented. This review identifies and discusses four key factors that promote colloidal lead formation and mobility in drinking water: natural organic matter, adsorption of lead to colloidal iron particles, precipitation with orthophosphate, and complexation or dispersion by sequestrants. This review also summarizes previous observations of lead colloids originating from the corrosion of drinking water distribution system and premises plumbing components and evaluates the use of colloidal analysis as a diagnostic tool. Despite the challenges and need for further research, colloidal analysis is a useful tool to inform better lead mitigation strategies.
Field theoretic description of partially reflective surfaces
Creators: name: Barone, F. E.
name: Barone, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The issue of electric charges in interaction with partially reflective surfaces is addressed by means of field theoretic methods. It is proposed an enlarged Maxwell lagrangian, describing the electromagnetic field in the presence of a semitransparent surface, and its corresponding photon propagator is computed exactly. The amended Green function reduces to the one for a perfect conductor in the appropriate limit, and leads to the interaction between charges and surfaces with varying degrees of transparency, featured by a phenomenological parameter. The interaction found via image method is recovered, in the limiting case of perfect mirrors, as a testimony to the validity of the model.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
JWST CEERS probes the role of stellar mass and morphology in obscuring galaxies
Creators: name: Gómez-Guijarro, Carlos
name: Magnelli, Benjamin
name: Elbaz, David
name: Wuyts, Stijn
name: Daddi, Emanuele
name: Bail, Aurélien Le
name: Giavalisco, Mauro
name: Dickinson, Mark
name: Pérez-González, Pablo G.
name: Haro, Pablo Arrabal
name: Bagley, Micaela B.
name: Bisigello, Laura
name: Buat, Véronique
name: Burgarella, Denis
name: Calabrò, Antonello
name: Casey, Caitlin M.
name: Cheng, Yingjie
name: Ciesla, Laure
name: Dekel, Avishai
name: Ferguson, Henry C.
name: Finkelstein, Steven L.
name: Franco, Maximilien
name: Grogin, Norman A.
name: Holwerda, Benne W.
name: Jin, Shuowen
name: Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Kokorev, Vasily
name: Long, Arianna S.
name: Lucas, Ray A.
name: Magdis, Georgios E.
name: Papovich, Casey
name: Pirzkal, Nor
name: Seillé, Lise-Marie
name: Tacchella, Sandro
name: Tarrasse, Maxime
name: Valentino, Francesco
name: de la Vega, Alexander
name: Wilkins, Stephen M.
name: Xiao, Mengyuan
name: Yung, L. Y. Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, observations have uncovered a population of massive galaxies that are invisible or very faint in deep optical/near-infrared (near-IR) surveys but brighter at longer wavelengths. However, the nature of these optically dark or faint galaxies (OFGs; one of several names given to these objects) is highly uncertain. In this work, we investigate the drivers of dust attenuation in the JWST era. In particular, we study the role of stellar mass, size, and orientation in obscuring star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at $3 < z < 7.5$, focusing on the question of why OFGs and similar galaxies are so faint at optical/near-IR wavelengths. We find that stellar mass is the primary proxy for dust attenuation, among the properties studied. Effective radius and axis ratio do not show a clear link with dust attenuation, with the effect of orientation being close to random. However, there is a subset of highly dust attenuated ($A_V > 1$, typically) SFGs, of which OFGs are a specific case. For this subset, we find that the key distinctive feature is their compact size (for massive systems with $\log (M_{*}/M_{\odot}) > 10$); OFGs exhibit a 30% smaller effective radius than the average SFG at the same stellar mass and redshift. On the contrary, OFGs do not exhibit a preference for low axis ratios (i.e., edge-on disks). The results in this work show that stellar mass is the primary proxy for dust attenuation and compact stellar light profiles behind the thick dust columns obscuring typical massive SFGs.
description: Accepted by A&A. 13 pages, 9 figures