cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Identification of single spectral lines through supervised machine learning in a large HST survey (WISP): a pilot study for Euclid and WFIRST
Creators: name: Baronchelli, I.
name: Scarlata, C. M.
name: Rodighiero, G.
name: Rodríguez-Muñoz, L.
name: Bonato, M.
name: Bagley, M.
name: Henry, A.
name: Rafelski, M.
name: Malkan, M.
name: Colbert, J.
name: Dai, Y. S.
name: Dickinson, H.
name: Mancini, C.
name: Mehta, V.
name: Morselli, L.
name: Teplitz, H. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future surveys focusing on understanding the nature of dark energy (e.g., Euclid and WFIRST) will cover large fractions of the extragalactic sky in near-IR slitless spectroscopy. These surveys will detect a large number of galaxies that will have only one emission line in the covered spectral range. In order to maximize the scientific return of these missions, it is imperative that single emission lines are correctly identified. Using a supervised machine-learning approach, we classified a sample of single emission lines extracted from the WFC3 IR Spectroscopic Parallel survey (WISP), one of the closest existing analogs to future slitless surveys. Our automatic software integrates a SED fitting strategy with additional independent sources of information. We calibrated it and tested it on a "gold" sample of securely identified objects with multiple lines detected. The algorithm correctly classifies real emission lines with an accuracy of 82.6%, whereas the accuracy of the SED fitting technique alone is low (~50%) due to the limited amount of photometric data available (<=6 bands). While not specifically designed for the Euclid and WFIRST surveys, the algorithm represents an important precursor of similar algorithms to be used in these future missions.
AT2018kzr: the merger of an oxygen-neon white dwarf and a neutron star or black hole
Creators: name: Gillanders, James H.
name: Sim, Stuart A.
name: Smartt, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed spectroscopic analysis of the extraordinarily fast-evolving transient AT2018kzr. The transient's observed lightcurve showed a rapid decline rate, comparable to the kilonova AT2017gfo. We calculate a self-consistent sequence of radiative transfer models (using TARDIS) and determine that the ejecta material is dominated by intermediate-mass elements (O, Mg and Si), with a photospheric velocity of $\sim$12000-14500km/s. The early spectra have the unusual combination of being blue but dominated by strong FeII and FeIII absorption features. We show that this combination is only possible with a high Fe content (3.5%). This implies a high Fe/(Ni+Co) ratio. Given the short time from the transient's proposed explosion epoch, the Fe cannot be $^{56}$Fe resulting from the decay of radioactive $^{56}$Ni synthesised in the explosion. Instead, we propose that this is stable $^{54}$Fe, and that the transient is unusually rich in this isotope. We further identify an additional, high-velocity component of ejecta material at $\sim$20000-26000km/s, which is mildly asymmetric and detectable through the CaII NIR triplet. We discuss our findings with reference to a range of plausible progenitor systems and compare with published theoretical work. We conclude that AT2018kzr is most likely the result of a merger between an ONe white dwarf and a neutron star or black hole. As such, it would be the second plausible candidate with a good spectral sequence for the electromagnetic counterpart of a compact binary merger, after AT2017gfo.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables
Mitigation versus Adaptation: The Political Economy of Competition Between Climate Policy Strategies and the Consequences for Developing Countries
Creators: name: Michaelowa, Axel
name: Michaelowa, Axel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: So far, the dominant paradigm in international climate policy has been mitigation while adaptation has been a low-key issue. However, with LDCs starting to push for adaptation side payments it has recently gained importance. The allocation of funds and the definition of adaptation activities are currently being discussed. The most outstanding difference between mitigation and adaptation is that mitigation activities contribute to a global public good whereas most forms of adaptation are club goods. Technical adapation such as building sea-walls can be distinguished from societal adaptation, e.g. different land-use patterns. Generally, there is a trade-off between mitigation and adaptation strategies as resources for climate policy are limited. The choice between mitigation and adaptation strategies depends on the decision-making context. While mitigation will be preferred by societies with a strong climate protection industry and low mitigation costs the voters' quest for adaptation is linked to the occurrence of extreme whether events. The policy choice in industrialised countries feeds back on the situation in developing countries. Adaptation in industrialized countries enhances the adaptation need in developing countries through declining mitigation activities. Unless this adaptation is financed by industrialised countries, developing countries will be worse off than in a mitigation - only strategy. Bisher hat sich die internationale Klimapolitik auf die Emissionsvermeidung konzentriert, während die Anpassung an veränderte klimatische Bedingungen eine untergeordnete Rolle gespielt hat. Durch die Forderung der ärmsten Entwicklungsländer nach Unterstützung bei der Anpassung hat sich die Aufmerksamkeit für diese Thematik in jüngster Zeit jedoch erhöht. Zur Zeit wird über die Alloziierung von Geldern und die Definition von Anpassungsaktivititäten verhandelt. Der größte Unterschied zwischen Emissionsvermeidung und Anpassung liegt in der Tatsache, dass es sich bei ersterem um den Beitrag zu einem globalen öffentlichen Gut handelt, während letzteres den Charakter eines Clubguts trägt. Hierbei kann zwischen technischer Anpassung, z.B. Deichbau und gesellschaftlicher Anpassung unterschieden werden. Ein Beispiel für letzteres ist die Nicht-Bewirtschaftung von Küstenregionen. Zwischen Anpassungs- und Vermeidungsaktivitäten besteht aufgrund begrenzter Ressourcen ein Zielkonflikt. Welche Strategie bevorzugt wird hängt u.a von der Stärke der Klimaschutzindustrie eines Landes sowie von dem Auftreten extremer Wetterereignisse in der Vergangenheit ab. Entwicklungsländer bevorzugen eine reine Vermeidungsstrategie auf Seiten der Industrieländer.
Komorbidität Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung und Substanzabhängigkeit: Handlungsmöglichkeiten für die Professionellen der Sozialen Arbeit in Beratungsgesprächen
Creators: name: Brunnschweiler, Julie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Die Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) ist eine der am häufigsten diagnostizierten Persönlichkeitsstörungen. Betroffene ecken in ihrem Alltag an und ihr Verhalten kann von Aussenstehenden häufig nicht eingeordnet werden. Die BPS geht mit einer hohen Rate komorbider psychischer Erkrankungen einher. Eine der häufigsten ist die Substanzabhängigkeit (SuAb). Die vorliegende Literaturarbeit vermittelt Fachwissen zu den Krankheitsbildern BPS und SuAb sowie deren Komorbidität. Sie geht der Frage nach, wie die Professionellen der Sozialen Arbeit Menschen mit der Komorbidität BPS und SuAb in Beratungsgesprächen optimal unterstützen können. Dazu wurden krankheitsspezifische Verhaltensmuster von Personen mit einer BPS herausgearbeitet und mit denjenigen substanzabhängiger Personen verglichen. Es zeigte sich, dass solche komorbide Klient_innen oft impulsiv sind. Folgen sind u.a. eine mangelnde Gefühlskontrolle und Beziehungsabbrüche. Betroffene weisen eine erhöhte Rate suizidalen Verhaltens, ein mangelndes Selbstwertgefühl und krankheitsspezifische Abwehrmechanismen auf. Diese Verhaltensweisen machen die sozialarbeiterische Beratung zu einer grossen Herausforderung. Für die Professionellen der Sozialen Arbeit bedeutet dies, dass sie sich insbesondere zur Beziehungsgestaltung und zum Umgang mit Krisensituationen krankheitsspezifische Kompetenzen aneignen müssen.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa be 2021 + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit 2021 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202103
A Critical Look at the Electroweak Phase Transition
Creators: name: Ekstedt, Andreas
name: Löfgren, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electroweak phase transition broke the electroweak symmetry. Perturbative methods used to calculate observables related to this phase transition suffer from severe problems such as gauge dependence, infrared divergences, and a breakdown of perturbation theory. In this paper we develop robust perturbative tools for dealing with phase transitions. We argue that gauge and infrared problems are absent in a consistent power-counting. We calculate the finite temperature effective potential to two loops for general gauge-fixing parameters in a generic model. We demonstrate gauge invariance, and perform numerical calculations for the Standard Model in Fermi gauge.
description: 39 pages, 2 figures
Large N BPS states and emergent quantum gravity
Creators: name: Berenstein, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper provides a heuristic derivation of how classical gravitational physics in the AdS/CFT correspondence appears from the strong dynamics of the N=4 SYM theory in a systematic way. We do this in a minisuperspace approximation by studying 1/8 BPS configurations. We show that this is related to a gauged matrix quantum mechanics of commuting matrices. We can show that our description matches the semiclassical physics of 1/8 BPS states in supergravity. We also provide a heuristic description of how massive strings appear in the geometry, and how at strong 't Hooft coupling they become local on the five sphere suggesting that they can be realized as a sigma model on a weakly curved background. In the process we also clarify some aspects of 1/2 BPS states. We also have a conjectured realization of some 1/8 BPS giant graviton wave functions in the dynamics, which captures all 1/8 BPS giant gravitons constructed by Mikhailov. This leads to a lot of different topology changes which can be treated heuristically.
description: 54 pages, 8 figures, Latex. v2: typos corrected, improved figures, comments on string tension added. v3: typos corrected
Additional file 1 of The human gut archaeome: identification of diverse haloarchaea in Korean subjects
Creators: name: Kim, Joon Yong
name: Whon, Tae Woong
name: Lim, Mi Young
name: Kim, Yeon Bee
name: Namhee Kim
name: Min-Sung Kwon
name: Juseok Kim
name: Lee, Se Hee
name: Hak-Jong Choi
name: Nam, In-Hyun
name: Won-Hyong Chung
name: Jung-Ha Kim
name: Bae, Jin-Woo
name: Roh, Seong Woon
name: Young-Do Nam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Figures (S1-S7).
Glocalisation, Foreign Direct Investment and Regional Development Perspectives: Empirical Results for West German Regions
Creators: name: Knodler, Hermann
name: Albertshauser, Ulrich
name: Knodler, Hermann
name: Albertshauser, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Regional Development
subject: Agglomeration
subject: Glocalisation
subject: Manufacturing
subject: Foreign Direct Investment
subject: F23
subject: O18
subject: R11

description: The present paper examines the economic development perspectives of the manufacturing sector of 31 major West German regions in the process of globalisation. Public statistics do not provide FDI data on a regional basis. Therefore our study was based on indicators based on the data from the INDAT-file which gives information about some 6,500 West German manufacturing firms in 1986, 1990 and 1996. The paper draws a stylised picture of the regional structure of West German FDI involvement in the manufacturing sector. The present participation in glocalisation benefits and the mid term development perspectives showed that Hamburg, Darmstadt and Oberbayern belong to the winners of glocalisation. In order to evaluate the long term development perspectives of the industrial cores we checked which regions had far above average access to the future growing areas of the world through FDI outflows. It turned out, that Oberbayern, Stuttgart and Hamburg face the best long term perspectives. Between 1986 and 1996 disparities between the investigated regions with regard to their integration in the global division of labour through FDI-flows have decreased, especially between peripheral regions. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die ökonomischen Entwicklungsperspektiven des Verarbeitenden Gewerbes von 31 westdeutschen Regionen im Globalisierungsprozess. Die amtliche Statistik liefert keine regionalen Direktinvestitionsdaten. Daher basiert die vorliegende Untersuchung auf Indikatoren der Unternehmensdatenbank INDAT, die Informationen über rund 6500 westdeutsche Industrieunternehmen für die Berichtsjahre 1986, 1990 und 1996 enthält. Die Studie zeichnet ein Bild der regionalen Verteilung des Direktinvestitionsengagements im westdeutschen Verarbeitenden Gewerbe. Die gegenwärtige Partizipation an den Glokalisierungsgewinnen und die mittelfristigen Entwicklungsperspektiven zeigen, dass die Regionen Hamburg, Darmstadt und Oberbayern zu den Gewinnern der Glokalisierung gehören. Um die langfristigen Entwicklungsperspektiven industrieller Kerne im Glokalisierungsprozess zu bewerten, untersuchen wir den Marktzugang zu den zukünftigen globalen Wachstumsregionen durch Direktinvestitionen. Hier zeigte sich, dass die Regionen Oberbayern, Stuttgart und Hamburg die besten langfristigen Entwicklungsperspektiven aufweisen. Zwischen 1986 und 1996 haben sich die Disparitäten zwischen den untersuchten Regionen hinsichtlich ihrer Integration in die internationale Arbeitsteilung durch Direktinvestitionsströme verringert, insbesondere zwischen peripheren Regionen.
REGIONAL SHRIMP MARKET RESPONSES TO DOMESTIC LANDINGS AND IMPORTS
Creators: name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Nieto, Amelia E.
name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Nieto, Amelia E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Agribusiness
International Relations/Trade

description: U.S. shrimp landings are divided into four geographic regional markets and may be further subdivided into species and size characteristics. Seemingly unrelated regressions were used to analyze regional price responses of variable annual landings of shrimp. The contemporaneous correlation of competing market supplies and demands accounted for an improvement in forecasting reliability in each area and for species and size relationships. Imports were shown to affect regional markets unevenly, having a significantly higher impact on South Atlantic shrimp prices than on Gulf of Mexico, West Coast, or New England markets. Real disposable personal income affected West Coast and South Atlantic prices much more dramatically than those of Gulf Coast markets. The composition of the catch by size and species in each season introduced variable responses by regional market. Also, South Atlantic appeared least price-sensitive to its own catch.
Definition and relevance of nonequilibrium intensive thermodynamic parameters
Creators: name: Bertin, Eric
name: Dauchot, Olivier
name: Droz, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that intensive thermodynamic parameters associated to additive conserved quantities can be naturally defined from a statistical approach in far-from-equilibrium steady-state systems, under few assumptions, and without any detailed balance requirement. It may apply, e.g., to dissipative systems like granular gases where volume or mass is still conserved, or to systems with periodic boundary conditions where fluxes of conserved quantities are present. We emphasize the usefulness of this concept to characterize the coexistence of different nonequilibrium phases, and discuss the influence of the contact between two different systems, in relation with measurement issues.
description: 4 pages, final version
Additional file 1 of scTyper: a comprehensive pipeline for the cell typing analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data
Creators: name: Choi, Ji-Hye
name: Kim, Hye In
name: Woo, Hyun Goo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Parameters for scTyper.
Extraction and Characterization of Cellulosic Fibers from Jenfokie and Doby Stems: Effect of Extraction Methods on Physicochemical, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties
Creators: name: Wossine, Solomon Estifo
name: Thothadri, Ganesh
name: Tufa, Habtamu Beri
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This experimental study aims to explore natural lignocellulosic fibers from Jenfokie and Doby plants. The effect of the fiber (water-retted and non-retted) extraction methods on physical, mechanical, thermal, chemical, and crystallinity properties were experimentally investigated for fibers collected from the eastern highlands of Ethiopia. The chemical composition (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, extractives, etc.) was determined after different treatment processes. The tensile strength maximum of up to 72 cN/tex and 56 cN/tex, and cellulose content up to 85% and 81% were obtained for Jenfokie and Doby retted extracted fibers, respectively. There was small difference lignin extracted by Klason method and the alkaline hydrogen peroxide (APH) method. Each step-wise extracted fiber was characterized to cognize the intrinsic changes during the multi-step extraction process. The diameters were determined by Optical Microscope (OM), the removal of non-cellulosic materials by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, the thermal stability (up to 375°C) by thermogravimetry (TGA), and the crystallinity index (up to 73%) by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD). An improvement in cellulose content, density, moisture absorption, tensile strength, thermal stability, and crystallinity of Jenfokie (unstudied or new) and Doby plant retted fibers would be promising for composite and textile materials.
Alunite and high sulfidation gold-silver-copper mineralization in the El Indio-Pascua Belt, Chile-Argentina
Creators: name: Deyell, Cari L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: High sulfidation precious-metal deposits, one of the principal styles of epithermal mineralization, are characterized by minerals diagnostic of a high sulfidation state (pyrite, enargite) and acidic hydrothermal conditions, particularly alunite (KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆) and alunite-group minerals. One of the world's foremost high sulfidation districts, the El Indio- Pascua Belt, straddles the Chile-Argentina border in the Cordillera Principal of the Andes. The region contains the world-class El Indio mine, the extensive Pascua-Lama and Veladero exploration projects, and several smaller prospects and mineralized alteration zones. This belt has been the subject of numerous studies at both a regional- and deposit-scale, and provides an excellent site to constrain genetic and exploration models for high sulfidation deposits. The genesis and timing of high sulfidation deposits in the El Indio-Pascua Belt has been constrained by detailed field studies, supplemented by geochemical, stable isotopic, and ⁴⁰Ar- ³⁹AT analyses of alunite, a critical mineral throughout the paragenesis of most systems in this region. Widespread barren, pre-mineral alteration containing abundant alunite may have provided permeability controls and metals for subsequent mineralization. Economic mineralization in the district formed between ca. 6 to 9.5 Ma, and is associated commonly with syn-mineral alunite. This alunite has textural, chemical and isotopic characteristics consistent with a magmatic-hydrothermal origin and requires the presence of relatively oxidizing, acidic, and sulfur-rich mineralizing fluids. Data suggest that these fluids were derived from the condensation of a magmatic vapor plume, further supported by the presence of syn-ore magmatic steam alunite at the Tambo deposit. This conclusion is consistent with emerging evidence from other systems indicating the importance of vapor transport for metals in high sulfidation systems. Alteration and mineralization in the El Indio-Pascua Belt were dominated by magmatic fluids, even in the near-surface environment. The negligible contribution of meteoric fluids is attributed to prolonged magmatic activity, an arid climate, and depressed water tables resulting from tectonic uplift and repeated incision. These features provide new constraints for the genetic model for high sulfidation deposits, although the specific setting of the El Indio-Pascua Belt may have provided a unique combination of processes explaining the formation and preservation of these prolific mineralizing systems.
Die psychiatrische Patientenverfügung in der Sozialberatung: Eine Analyse der rechtlichen Verankerung, der Grundsätze der Selbstbestimmung und Ermächtigung sowie der förderlichen und hinderlichen Aspekte in der Beratung
Creators: name: Friedrich, Mona
name: Wüthrich, Nicky
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Das Vorsorgeinstrument der psychiatrischen Patientenverfügung (PPV) ermöglicht es Patient*innen in psychischen Krisensituationen, sich trotz vorliegender Urteilsunfähigkeit selbstbestimmt erleben zu können und hinsichtlich der Behandlungen mitentscheiden zu dürfen. Das Recht, eine PV zu verfassen, besteht sowohl für die somatische wie auch die psychiatrische Medizin. Diese Arbeit orientiert sich an den Fragestellungen bezüglich der Verwirklichung der Selbstbestimmung und Ermächtigung in der Beratung sowie an der verwendeten Methodik. Zudem wird auf die Handhabung rund um die PPV sowie auf die förderlichen und die hinderlichen Aspekte für die Beratung eingegangen. Des Weiteren werden Empfehlungen im Generellen erhoben. Dazu wurden Interviews mit Expert*innen, die in Tätigkeitsbereichen der psychiatrischen Medizin arbeiten, geführt. Die Befragung erfolgte nach der Methodik des Experteninterviews und die Auswertung anhand des Verfahrens nach Mühlefeld et al.. Förderlich in der Beratung im Zusammenhang mit einer PPV sind vor allem eine tragfähige professionelle Beziehungsgestaltung als Basis, die Wahl des passenden Zeitpunkts, die interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit sowie die Rücksichtnahme auf die individuellen Möglichkeiten der Patient*innen und die akuten Gegebenheiten. Hinderlich ist, wenn die obenerwähnten Aspekte gar nicht oder nur unzureichend beherzigt werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass aufgrund einer PPV die Selbstbestimmung von Patient*innen grundsätzlich gefördert werden kann. Jedoch setzt ein erfolgreicher Beratungsverlauf ein professionelles Vorgehen in der Beratungstätigkeit voraus.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa be 2021 + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit 2021 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202103
Resonant nonlinear quantum transport for a periodically kicked Bose condensate
Creators: name: Wimberger, Sandro
name: Mannella, Riccardo
name: Morsch, Oliver
name: Arimondo, Ennio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our realistic numerical results show that the fundamental and higher-order quantum resonances of the delta-kicked rotor are observable in state-of-the-art experiments with a Bose condensate in a shallow harmonic trap, kicked by a spatially periodic optical lattice. For stronger confinement, interaction-induced destruction of the resonant motion of the kicked harmonic oscillator is predicted.
description: amended version, new Fig.4
Physicochemical Characterization of Cellulose and Microcrystalline Cellulose from Cordia africana Lam. Seeds
Creators: name: Tessema, Tewodros Ayalew
name: Feroche, Alemu Tadesse
name: Workneh, Getachew Adam
name: Gabriel, Tesfaye
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: This study aims to explore Cordia africana seeds as an alternative source of cellulose and MCC due to depletion of the major commercial sources such as wood pulp, and cotton. Cellulose was extracted from Cordia africana seeds employing a chlorine-free treatment approach, followed by partial depolymerization using acid hydrolysis to obtain microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). The untreated seeds, as-extracted cellulose, and MCC were investigated for yield, chemical composition, functionality, crystallinity, morphology, diameter, and thermal stability. The cellulose content increased from 30% (w/w) in the untreated seeds to 80.2% (w/w) in cellulose and 88.1% (w/w) in the MCC. The removal of non-cellulosic constituents was confirmed by the results obtained from Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy, and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)/Derivative thermogravimetry (DTG). The crystallinity index of as-obtained cellulose and MCC increased from 32.38% (untreated seeds) to 68.28 (cellulose) and 73.19% (MCC) with chemical treatments. The extracted samples exhibited characteristic peaks of Cellulose I at around 15°, 16°, 22°, and 34°. Th e TGA/DTG results confirmed the cellulose and MCC had higher thermal stability than the untreated seeds. This study shows that cellulose and MCC can be obtained from unexploited source, Cordia africana seeds, for promising applications in various industries.
Worldsheet Instanton Corrections to the Kaluza-Klein Monopole
Creators: name: Harvey, Jeffrey A.
name: Jensen, Steuard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kaluza-Klein monopole is a well known object in both gravity and string theory, related by T-duality to a "smeared" NS5-brane which retains the isometry around the duality circle. As the true NS5-brane solution is localized at a point on the circle, duality implies that the Kaluza-Klein monopole should show some corresponding behavior. In this paper, we express the Kaluza-Klein monopole as a gauged linear sigma model in two dimensions and show that worldsheet instantons give corrections to its geometry. These corrections can be understood as a localization in "winding space" which could be probed by strings with winding charge around the circle.
description: 20 pages, REVTeX, v2: minor equation correction
Experimental behaviour of a three-stage metal hydride hydrogen compressor
Creators: name: Galvis, A. R.
name: Leardini, F.
name: Ares, J. R.
name: Cuevas, F.
name: Fernandez, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A three-stage metal hydride hydrogen compressor (MHHC) system based in AB2-type alloys has been set-up. Every stage can be considered as a Sieverts-type apparatus. The MHHC system can work in the pressure and temperature ranges comprised from vacuum to 250 bar and from RT to 200C, respectively. An efficient thermal management system was set up for the operational ranges of temperature designed. It dumps temperature shifts due to hydrogen expansion during stage coupling and hydrogen absorption/desorption in the alloys. Each reactor consists of a single and thin stainless-steel tube to maximize heat transfer. They are filled with similar amount of AB2 alloy. The MHHC system was able to produce a compression ratio (CR) as high as of 84.7 for inlet and outlet hydrogen pressures of 1.44 and 122 bar for a temperature span of 23 to 120C.
Dichotomies between uniform hyperbolicity and zero Lyapunov exponents for SL(2,R) cocycles
Creators: name: Bochi, Jairo
name: Fayad, Bassam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37H15,;37A05

description: We consider the linear cocycle $(T,A)$ induced by a measure preserving dynamical system $T:X \to X$ and a map $A:X \to \mathit{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$. We address the dependence of the upper Lyapunov exponent of $(T,A)$ on the dynamics $T$ when the map $A$ is kept fixed. We introduce explicit conditions on the cocycle that allow to perturb the dynamics, in the weak and uniform topologies, to make the exponent drop arbitrarily close to zero. In the weak topology we deduce that if $X$ is a compact connected manifold, then for a $C^r$ ($r \ge 1$) open and dense set of maps $A$, either $(T,A)$ is uniformly hyperbolic for every $T$, or the Lyapunov exponents of $(T,A)$ vanish for the generic measurable $T$. For the continuous case, we obtain that if $X$ is of dimension greater than 2, then for a $C^r$ ($r \ge 1$) generic map $A$, there is a residual set of volume-preserving homeomorphisms $T$ for which either $(T,A)$ is uniformly hyperbolic or the Lyapunov exponents of $(T,A)$ vanish.
description: To appear on the Bulletin of the Brazilian Mathematical Society
Additional file 2 of The human gut archaeome: identification of diverse haloarchaea in Korean subjects
Creators: name: Kim, Joon Yong
name: Whon, Tae Woong
name: Lim, Mi Young
name: Kim, Yeon Bee
name: Namhee Kim
name: Min-Sung Kwon
name: Juseok Kim
name: Lee, Se Hee
name: Hak-Jong Choi
name: Nam, In-Hyun
name: Won-Hyong Chung
name: Jung-Ha Kim
name: Bae, Jin-Woo
name: Roh, Seong Woon
name: Young-Do Nam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2. Supplementary Tables (S1-S6).
Physical and Mechanical Behavior of Ramie and Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Resin-Based Hybrid Composites
Creators: name: Prasad, Lalta
name: Kapri, Pawan
name: Patel, Raj Vardhan
name: Yadav, Anshul
name: Winczek, Jerzy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plasma Physics
subject: Hematology

description: In this study, the compression molding technique was used to fabricate hybrid composites using different wt.% of the glass and ramie fibers in different stacking sequences. The physical (density, water absorption, and wear resistance) and mechanical (tensile strength, hardness, and impact strength) and morphology studies were performed for the glass and ramie fibers and the effect of stacking sequencing was studied. A technique for order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution model was used to determine the optimal reinforcement composition in the hybrid composites. The stacking sequence played a crucial role in the physical and mechanical characteristics of the hybrid composites. The GRG (stacking sequence: Glass (4 wt.%)-Ramie (4 wt.%)-Glass(4 wt.%)) hybrid composite showed optimal characteristics; tensile strength: 114 MPa, hardness: 41 HV, impact energy: 3.5 J m−1, void content: 1.09% and wear: 63 μm. However, if glass fibers were sandwiched between the ramie fiber layer, the composite showed lower physical and mechanical characteristics; tensile strength: 72 MPa, hardness: 28 HV, impact energy: 3 J m−1. The glass fiber reinforced composites (GG and GGG) exhibited better water absorption characteristics. The RRR composite’s impact strength was comparable with the GGG composites due to the stacking of the composites. Moreover, the glass fiber composites stacking (RR to RGR) exhibited lower tensile strength than ramie fiber composites stacking (GG to GRG). The microstructural analysis of the fractured composite surface revealed voids, de-lamination, interfacial bonding of the fibers with the matrix, fiber pull-out, and matrix distribution.
Berufliche Integration von syrischen Geflüchteten im Kanton Luzern: Chancen und Hürden beim Zugang zur Ausbildung und Einflussfaktoren auf die berufliche Integration junger erwachsener und erwachsener SyrerInnen
Creators: name: Haji, Suhel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Die berufliche Integration von Geflüchteten ist in den kantonalen Integrationsprogrammen verankert. Im Kanton Luzern zielen verschiedene Massnahmen darauf ab, möglichst viele Geflüchtete in den Arbeitsmarkt zu integrieren. Dabei sollen Ausbildungen gefördert werden. Für die Gruppe der syrischen Geflüchteten wird vermutet, dass sie sich eher weniger nochmals qualifizieren. Das kann in prekäre Arbeitsverhältnisse führen. Die Gründe dafür sind bis anhin unklar. Exakte Daten zum Bildungsstand und Arbeitssituation von SyrerInnen gibt es weder für die Schweiz noch den Kanton Luzern. Verschiedene Studien untersuchen die Einflussfaktoren auf die berufliche Integration von Geflüchteten. Dabei werden die Faktoren auf Ebene Person, soziales Umfeld und Struktur genauer beleuchtet. Durch leitfadenunterstützte Interviews mit vier SyrerInnen, welche bereits im Herkunftsland eine Matura oder Ausbildung abgeschlossen haben, wurden anhand einer qualititativen Inhaltsanalyse die Einflussfaktoren auf die berufliche Integration erforscht. Die Daten wurden mit anderen Studienergebnissen verglichen. Die Einflussfaktoren sind sowohl für SyrerInnen im Kanton Luzern als auch für andere Geflüchtete vielfältig. Es lassen sich keine gruppenspezifischen Einflussfaktoren festhalten. Die Lebenssituation (persönliche, soziale und strukturelle Bedingungen) beeinflusst die berufliche Integration. Für die Begleitung und Betreuung von Geflüchteten müssen Sozialarbeitende diesen Umstand beachten. Damit die berufliche (und soziale) Integration gelingen kann, müssen die Bedürfnisse der Geflüchteten ebenso berücksichtig werden wie ihre Lebensumstände. Das Unterstützungsangebot ist individuell anzupassen.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa be 2021 + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit 2021 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202103
Epitaxial self-organization: from surfaces to magnetic materials
Creators: name: Fruchart, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-organization of magnetic materials is an emerging and active field. An overview of the use of self-organization for magnetic purposes is given, with a view to illustrate aspects that cannot be covered by lithography. A first set of issues concerns the quantitative study of low-dimensional magnetic phenomena (1D and 0D). Such effects also occur in microstructured and lithographically-patterned materials but cannot be studied in these because of the complexity of such materials. This includes magnetic ordering, magnetic anisotropy and superparamagnetism. A second set of issues concerns the possibility to directly use self-organization in devices. Two sets of examples are given: first, how superparamagnetism can be fought by fabricating thick self-organized structures, and second, what new or improved functionalities can be expected from self-organized magnetic systems, like the tailoring of magnetic anisotropy or controlled dispersion of properties.
description: 13 pages, submitted in 2004. Part of a Special Issue about Self-organization on surfaces, published in C. R. Physique
A self-consistent approach to measure preferential attachment in networks and its application to an inherent structure network
Creators: name: Massen, Claire P.
name: Doye, Jonathan P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Preferential attachment is one possible way to obtain a scale-free network. We develop a self-consistent method to determine whether preferential attachment occurs during the growth of a network, and to extract the preferential attachment rule using time-dependent data. Model networks are grown with known preferential attachment rules to test the method, which is seen to be robust. The method is then applied to a scale-free inherent structure network, which represents the connections between minima via transition states on a potential energy landscape. Even though this network is static, we can examine the growth of the network as a function of a threshold energy (rather than time), where only those transition states with energies lower than the threshold energy contribute to the network.For these networks we are able to detect the presence of preferential attachment, and this helps to explain the ubiquity of funnels on energy landscapes. However, the scale-free degree distribution shows some differences from that of a model network grown using the obtained preferential attachment rules, implying that other factors are also important in the growth process.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
On Kerr black hole deformations admitting a Carter constant and an invariant criterion for the separability of the wave equation
Creators: name: Papadopoulos, Georgios O.
name: Kokkotas, Kostas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83B05, 83C20, 83C57, 83D05, 83F05

description: In a previous work of ours, the most general family of Kerr deformations -- admitting a Carter constant -- has been presented. This time a simple, necessary and sufficient condition in order for the aforementioned family to have a separable Klein-Gordon equations is exhibited.
description: 6 pages, 1 table, no figures
Integration of an Energy Management Tool and Digital Twin for Coordination and Control of Multi-vector Smart Energy Systems
Creators: name: O'Dwyer, Edward
name: Pan, Indranil
name: Charlesworth, Richard
name: Butler, Sarah
name: Shah, Nilay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: As Internet of Things (IoT) technologies enable greater communication between energy assets in smart cities, the operational coordination of various energy networks in a city or district becomes more viable. Suitable tools are needed that can harness advanced control and machine learning techniques to achieve environmental, economic and resilience objectives. In this paper, an energy management tool is presented that can offer optimal control, scheduling, forecasting and coordination services to energy assets across a district, enabling optimal decisions under user-defined objectives. The tool presented here can coordinate different sub-systems in a district to avoid the violation of high-level system constraints and is designed in a generic fashion to enable transferable use across different energy sectors. The work demonstrates the potential for a single open-source optimisation framework to be applied across multiple energy vectors, providing local government the opportunity to manage different assets in a coordinated fashion. This is shown through case studies that integrate low-carbon communal heating for social housing with electric vehicle charge-point management to achieve high-level system constraints and local government objectives in the borough of Greenwich, London. The paper illustrates the theoretical methodology, the software architecture and the digital twin-based testing environment underpinning the proposed approach.
Flow effects on jet profiles and multiplicities
Creators: name: Armesto, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of low-$p_T$ collective flow on radiative energy loss from high-$p_T$ partons traversing the QCD medium created in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. We illustrate this idea through three examples. Due to longitudinal flow, jet profiles at the LHC present marked asymmetries in the $η\times ϕ$-plane, and widths in $η$ and $ϕ$ of particle distributions associated with a high-$p_T$ trigger at RHIC become different. Finally, transverse flow implies an increase of high-$p_T$ $v_2$ at RHIC.
description: LaTeX, 4 pages, 4 eps figs included using graphics, uses enclosed svepj.clo and svjour.cls; proceedings of Hard Probes 2004, Ericeira, Portugal, November 4th-10th 2004
An extensive analysis of the presence of altmetric data for Web of Science publications across subject fields and research topics
Creators: name: Fang, Zhichao
name: Costas, Rodrigo
name: Tian, Wencan
name: Wang, Xianwen
name: Wouters, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sufficient data presence is one of the key preconditions for applying metrics in practice. Based on both Altmetric.com data and Mendeley data collected up to 2019, this paper presents a state-of-the-art analysis of the presence of 12 kinds of altmetric events for nearly 12.3 million Web of Science publications published between 2012 and 2018. Results show that even though an upward trend of data presence can be observed over time, except for Mendeley readers and Twitter mentions, the overall presence of most altmetric data is still low. The majority of altmetric events go to publications in the fields of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Social Sciences and Humanities, and Life and Earth Sciences. As to research topics, the level of attention received by research topics varies across altmetric data, and specific altmetric data show different preferences for research topics, on the basis of which a framework for identifying hot research topics is proposed and applied to detect research topics with higher levels of attention garnered on certain altmetric data source. Twitter mentions and policy document citations were selected as two examples to identify hot research topics of interest of Twitter users and policy-makers, respectively, shedding light on the potential of altmetric data in monitoring research trends of specific social attention.
Non-equilibrium relaxation of an elastic string in a random potential
Creators: name: Kolton, Alejandro
name: Rosso, Alberto
name: Giamarchi, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non--equilibrium motion of an elastic string in a two dimensional pinning landscape using Langevin dynamics simulations. The relaxation of a line, initially flat, is characterized by a growing length, $L(t)$, separating the equilibrated short length scales from the flat long distance geometry that keep memory of the initial condition. We show that, in the long time limit, $L(t)$ has a non--algebraic growth with a universal distribution function. The distribution function of waiting times is also calculated, and related to the previous distribution. The barrier distribution is narrow enough to justify arguments based on scaling of the typical barrier.
description: 5 pages, 3 figs
Implications for the Cosmic Reionization from the Optical Afterglow Spectrum of the Gamma-Ray Burst 050904 at z = 6.3
Creators: name: Totani, Tomonori
name: Kawai, Nobuyuki
name: Kosugi, George
name: Aoki, Kentaro
name: Yamada, Toru
name: Iye, Masanori
name: Ohta, Kouji
name: Hattori, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gamma-ray burst (GRB) 050904 at z = 6.3 provides the first opportunity of probing the intergalactic medium (IGM) by GRBs at the epoch of the reionization. Here we present a spectral modeling analysis of the optical afterglow spectrum taken by the Subaru Telescope, aiming to constrain the reionization history. The spectrum shows a clear damping wing at wavelengths redward of the Lyman break, and the wing shape can be fit either by a damped Ly alpha system with a column density of log (N_HI/cm^{-2}) ~ 21.6 at a redshift close to the detected metal absorption lines (z_metal = 6.295), or by almost neutral IGM extending to a slightly higher redshift of z_{IGM,u} ~ 6.36. In the latter case, the difference from z_metal may be explained by acceleration of metal absorbing shells by the activities of the GRB or its progenitor. However, we exclude this possibility by using the light transmission feature around the Ly beta resonance, leading to a firm upper limit of z_{IGM,u} < 6.314. We then show an evidence that the IGM was largely ionized already at z=6.3, with the best-fit neutral fraction of IGM, x_HI = N_HI/N_H = 0.00, and upper limits of x_HI < 0.17 and 0.60 at 68 and 95% C.L., respectively. This is the first direct and quantitative upper limit on x_HI at z > 6. Various systematic uncertainties are examined, but none of them appears large enough to change this conclusion. To get further information on the reionization, it is important to increase the sample size of z >~ 6 GRBs, in order to find GRBs with low column densities (log N_HI
description: Matches the published version in PASJ. The version with full resolution figures is available upon request to Totani or at http://www.kusastro.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~totani/up/grb050904-paper2-astroph-v3.pdf