Desmodium guaraniticum Malme, Ark. Bot., Spec. Nov.
Creators: name: Lima, Laura Cristina Pires
name: Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci De
name: Tozzi, Ana Maria Goulart De Azevedo
name: Lewis, Gwilym Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Desmodium
Desmodium guaraniticum

description: 13. Desmodium guaraniticum (Chodat & Hassl.) Malme, Ark. Bot. 23(13): 78. 1931. Desmodium asperum var. guaraniticum Chodat & Hassl., Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 4(9): 889. 1904. Meibomia guaranitica (Chodat & Hassl.) Schindl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 20: 149. 1924. Lectotype (designated here):— PARAGUAY. Inter rupes ad marginem silvae in regione superiores fluminis Apa, Dec, E. Hassler 8171 (lectotype G00070301! isolectotypes BM!, G00070300!, G00070276![2 sheets], K![2 sheets], NY!, P![4 sheets], W!). Fig. 15.   
 DESMODIUM (LEGUMINOSAE, PAPILIONOIDEAE) IN BRAZIL   
 Phytotaxa 169 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press • 47 48 • Phytotaxa 169 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press   
 LIMA ET AL.   
Erect, branched subshrub, 0.5–2.5 m tall, with a xylopodium; stems not virgate, not slender, cylindrical, striate, densely or sparsely pubescent–uncinate and sericeous, not glaucous; internodes 1.5–7.2 cm long. Stipules 19–21 × 3–5 mm, triangular, not auriculate, semi-amplexicaul, inserted perpendicularly at the base of the leaf petiole, free from each other, apex caudate, margin straight, glabrous, veins conspicuous, caducous. Leaves unifoliolate; petiole 2–7(–25) mm long, cylindrical, sulcate, densely tomentose; stipels 4–7 mm long, subulate, margin straight, sparsely tomentose, caducous; leaflet concolorous, coriaceous, venation eucamptodromous, primary, secondary, and tertiary veins prominent, quaternary veins flush on the abaxial surface, indumentum villose, tomentose or puberulous on the primary, secondary and tertiary veins on the abaxial surface, adaxial surface puberulous, uncinate hairs covering both surfaces, leaflet 9.5–14.8 × 3.6–9.1 cm, elliptic, broadly ovate or ovate, base obtuse, truncate or subacute, apex subacute, obtuse, subacute or retuse, mucronate. Inflorescence a terminal pseudoraceme or paniculate; the main axis longer than the adjacent leaves, 36.5–76.3 cm long, densely puberulous-uncinate, 2–3 flowers per node; primary bract 3–4 mm long, lanceolate, margin ciliate, hirsute and uncinate on the outer surface, caducous, veins inconspicuous on the outer surface; secondary bract 1.5–2 mm long, linear, margin ciliate, hirsute on the outer surface, caducous, veins inconspicuous on the on the outer surface; pedicel 3–7 mm long, sparsely or densely hirsute. Flowers 8–10 mm long; calyx bilabiate, tube campanulate, 1.5–2 mm long, tomentose on the outer surface; upper lip entire, oblong, apex obtuse, ca. 2.5 mm long; lower lip trifid, lateral tooth lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm long, central tooth lanceolate, ca. 1.5 mm long; corolla lilac or pinkish, standard 8–9 × 6–7 mm, obovate, apex obtuse or retuse, maculate at the base, claw 0.5–1 mm long; wing petals 9–9.5 × 3–3.5 mm, obovate, apex obtuse, without callosities, claw 0.5–0.8 mm long; keel petals 10–10.5 × 3–3.5 mm, narrowly obovate, apex obtuse or subacute, with callosities, claw 4–4.5 mm long; androecium monadelphous, 8–10 mm long, vexillary stamen partially fused with the other from the base 3–4 mm long; ovary 3–5 mm long, tomentose, stipe 1–1.5 mm long, glabrous. Loment 1.9–3.2 cm long, stipe 1–2 mm long, glabrescent, isthmus central, both margins sinuate; articles uniform 3–6, 5–7 × 3–4 mm, orbicular, not tortuous, indehiscent, coriaceous, veins inconspicuous, puberulousuncinate and sparsely sericeous. Seed 3–3.2 × 1.5–2 mm, elliptic, hilum subcentral.  
 Selected specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Goiás: Mineiros: GO-341, ca. 35 km Sul do Parque Nacional das Emas, sentido Mineiros - Parque Nacional das Emas, 9 January 2009, fr., L. C. P . Lima et al. 511 (HUEFS). Mato Grosso: Nova Xavantina: ca. 10 km Sul do campo de base, 10 March 1968, fl., fr., D. R . Giffone 96 (K); s. mun.: BR-070, Km 94, entre Gal. Carneiro e Colônia Menure (reserva indígena), 14 January 2009, fl., fr., L. C. P . Lima et al. 516 (HUEFS). Mato Grosso do Sul: Pedro Gomes: fazenda Azanha, rio Taquari 70 km Norte de Pedro Gomes, 3 March 2002, fl., V. J . Pott & A. Pott 5174 (CGMS, HUEFS); São Gabriel do Oeste: Reserva Legal da fazenda Bonito, 12 April 2009, fr., L. C. P . Lima & M. P. Andrade 589 (HUEFS). Minas Gerais: Campina Verde: fazenda do Zeca Felisberto, 26 December 1943, fr., A . Macedo 164 (SP). Paraná: Cascavel: s. loc., 1 February 1920, fl., fr., G . Gehrt s.n. (SP4632). São Paulo: Pirassununga: Cerrado de Emas, 10 January 1995, fl., fr., S . Aragaki & M. Batalha 285 (SP).   
 Distribution and Ecology:— South America, in Paraguay, Bolivia and Brazil. In Brazil the species occurs in the Cerrado biome in the States of Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Paraná, and São Paulo. Collected along roadsides, in grassland, and other microhabitats associated with the Cerrado biome.   
 Conservation Assessment:— Least concern (LC), not endangered (IUCN 2001).   
 Phenology:— flowering and fruiting from December to April.   
 Etymology:— the specific epithet honours the Guarani indians of Paraguay.   
 Common Name:— feijão-andú.   
 Taxonomic notes:— the erect subshrub to shrub-like habit, elliptic, broadly ovate, or ovate, coriaceous leaflets, flowers 8–10 mm long with lilac or rose-coloured corollas, and the orbicular fruit articles combine to identify D. guaraniticum. Among the unifoliolate species with ovate or broadly ovate, coriaceous leaflets, D. guaraniticum can be confused with D. arechavaletae and D. distortum (see notes under the latter species). Dark spots on the leaflets were observed on herbarium specimens as well as on most material seen in the field. Despite not being a constant character state, the dark spots, when present, can help in the recognition of D. guaraniticum.   
 Collections of Desmodium guaraniticum made by Hoehne (Hoehne 4677, SP!) and Regnell (Regnell 432, K!) in the State of Mato Grosso were cited by Hoehne (1919) and Malme (1922) as D. asperum (Poir.) Desv. and D. elatum Kunth, respectively, nor of them are correct identification. Both are included in the synonymy of D. distortum (see synonymy of this species).   
 DESMODIUM (LEGUMINOSAE, PAPILIONOIDEAE) IN BRAZIL   
 Phytotaxa 169 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press • 49   
 Among the type specimens of Desmodium asperum var. guaraniticum analysed, particularly from the G herbarium, the specimen G00070300, as photographed for the F herbarium(negative 28055), exhibits smaller leaflets, flowers in fruiting state, and immature fruits that not agree with the protologue. The material G00070276 has two labels, one from the private herbarium of Robert Chodat and another a copy of protologue of the species, but the length of the leaflets is not in accordance with the diagnosis. Despite the evidence that this material has been examined by the author of the species name, the material does not match the protologue. With this in mind, the specimen G00070301 was selected as the lectotype because it is more representative of this taxon and in better accordance with the protologue.
description: Published as part of Lima, Laura Cristina Pires, Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci De, Tozzi, Ana Maria Goulart De Azevedo & Lewis, Gwilym Peter, 2014, A Taxonomic Revision of Desmodium (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) in Brazil, pp. 1-119 in Phytotaxa 169 (1) on pages 47-50, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.169.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10089817