cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Breaking Symmetric Cryptosystems using Quantum Period Finding
Creators: name: Kaplan, Marc
name: Leurent, Gaëtan
name: Leverrier, Anthony
name: Naya-Plasencia, María
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to Shor's algorithm, quantum computers are a severe threat for public key cryptography. This motivated the cryptographic community to search for quantum-safe solutions. On the other hand, the impact of quantum computing on secret key cryptography is much less understood. In this paper, we consider attacks where an adversary can query an oracle implementing a cryptographic primitive in a quantum superposition of different states. This model gives a lot of power to the adversary, but recent results show that it is nonetheless possible to build secure cryptosystems in it. We study applications of a quantum procedure called Simon's algorithm (the simplest quantum period finding algorithm) in order to attack symmetric cryptosystems in this model. Following previous works in this direction, we show that several classical attacks based on finding collisions can be dramatically sped up using Simon's algorithm: finding a collision requires $Ω(2^{n/2})$ queries in the classical setting, but when collisions happen with some hidden periodicity, they can be found with only $O(n)$ queries in the quantum model. We obtain attacks with very strong implications. First, we show that the most widely used modes of operation for authentication and authenticated encryption e.g. CBC-MAC, PMAC, GMAC, GCM, and OCB) are completely broken in this security model. Our attacks are also applicable to many CAESAR candidates: CLOC, AEZ, COPA, OTR, POET, OMD, and Minalpher. This is quite surprising compared to the situation with encryption modes: Anand et al. show that standard modes are secure with a quantum-secure PRF. Second, we show that Simon's algorithm can also be applied to slide attacks, leading to an exponential speed-up of a classical symmetric cryptanalysis technique in the quantum model.
description: 31 pages, 14 figures
Néron-Tate heights of cycles on jacobians
Creators: name: de Jong, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a method to calculate the Néron-Tate height of tautological integral cycles on jacobians of curves defined over number fields. As examples we obtain closed expressions for the Néron-Tate height of the difference surface, the Abel-Jacobi images of the square of the curve, and of any symmetric theta divisor. As applications we obtain a new effective positive lower bound for the essential minimum of any Abel-Jacobi image of the curve and a proof, in the case of jacobians, of a formula proposed by Autissier relating the Faltings height of a principally polarized abelian variety with the Néron-Tate height of a symmetric theta divisor.
description: 35 pages, SAGE file written by David Holmes is available as an ancillary file, v2: minor revisions
title: Towards a new hospital architecture: an exploration of the relationship between hospital space and technology
Creators: name: Burke, Angela
Publisher: name: The University of East London
Year: 2014

description: Present urban acute NHS hospitals are rigid architectural structures composed of spatial and medical planning requirements that are underpinned by complex inter-related relationships. One assumed relationship is medical technology’s affect upon hospital space. There’s limited research exploring the relationship between NHS hospital space and medical technologies. Furthermore, little is known about the implications of emerging technologies (ETs) on future urban acute NHS hospital space. This study investigates the link between hospital space and medical technology to visualise the spatial consequences of incorporating anticipated medical ETs into future urban acute NHS hospitals.
A unique single futures prospective methodology is adopted with a mixed methods approach. This includes historical research, a quantitative investigation of four London case studies and a literature exploration of three medical ETs (biotechnology, robotics and cyborgization). Primary data generated from this study forms the basis for creating scenarios of future urban acute hospital environments. Findings reveal that medical technologies impact directly on hospital space, thus, confirming the existence of a link between hospital space and medical technologies. Results also reveal that even without nanotechnology progression, medical technologies decrease in equipment size during the course of their development. This trend contradicts recent medical planning practice which ‘super-sizes’ high-spec hospital rooms (see Chapter 3). Additionally, a campus-styled hospital typology is determined as the preferred flexible design solution for creating sustainable 21st century urban acute NHS hospitals. Findings lead to recommendations that guide medical planners with the future-proofing of acute hospital space by providing insight and alternative medical planning solutions that incorporate medical ETs into future urban acute NHS hospitals.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.02.1956, erstellt am Sonnenobservatorium Kanzelhöhe, Kärnten
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage im Sonnenobservatorium Kanzelhöhe in Sattendorf, Österreich. Instrument: Heliostat mit Refraktor Eigenbau (Öffnung 110mm, f = 1650mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
$SU(p,q)$ coherent states and a Gaussian de Finetti theorem
Creators: name: Leverrier, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove a generalization of the quantum de Finetti theorem when the local space is an infinite-dimensional Fock space. In particular, instead of considering the action of the permutation group on $n$ copies of that space, we consider the action of the unitary group $U(n)$ on the creation operators of the $n$ modes and define a natural generalization of the symmetric subspace as the space of states invariant under unitaries in $U(n)$. Our first result is a complete characterization of this subspace, which turns out to be spanned by a family of generalized coherent states related to the special unitary group $SU(p,q)$ of signature $(p,q)$. More precisely, this construction yields a unitary representation of the noncompact simple real Lie group $SU(p,q)$. We therefore find a dual unitary representation of the pair of groups $U(n)$ and $SU(p,q)$ on an $n(p+q)$-mode Fock space. The (Gaussian) $SU(p,q)$ coherent states resolve the identity on the symmetric subspace, which implies a Gaussian de Finetti theorem stating that tracing over a few modes of a unitary-invariant state yields a state close to a mixture of Gaussian states. As an application of this de Finetti theorem, we show that the $n\times n$ upper-left submatrix of an $n\times n$ Haar-invariant unitary matrix is close in total variation distance to a matrix of independent normal variables if $n^3 =O(m)$.
description: v2: 39 pages, including new application to truncations of Haar random matrices. Comments are welcome
Relativistic (or $2$-prover $1$-round) zero-knowledge protocol for $\mathsf{NP}$ secure against quantum adversaries
Creators: name: Chailloux, André
name: Leverrier, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we show that the zero-knowledge construction for Hamiltonian cycle remains secure against quantum adversaries in the relativistic setting. Our main technical contribution is a tool for studying the action of consecutive measurements on a quantum state which in turn gives upper bounds on the value of some entangled games. This allows us to prove the security of our protocol against quantum adversaries. We also prove security bounds for the (single-round) relativistic string commitment and bit commitment in parallel against quantum adversaries. As an additional consequence of our result, we answer an open question from [Unr12] and show tight bounds on the quantum knowledge error of some $Σ$-protocols.
description: v2, corrected a few typos and added references
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 05.02.1956, erstellt von M. Lopez Arroyo an der Sternwarte Madrid
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Zeichnung mit Tinte, erstellt auf einem eigenen Vordruck in Madrid. Instrument: Grubb Refraktor Teleskop (Öffnung: 20 cm, f = 3 m, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25 cm).
Instrumentennachweis gemäss Aparicio (u.a.): Sunspot, in: Solar Physics, Vol. 289, S. 4335-49, DOI: 10.1007/s11207-014-0567-x
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 16.04.1956, erstellt am Sonnenobservatorium Kanzelhöhe, Kärnten
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage im Sonnenobservatorium Kanzelhöhe in Sattendorf, Österreich. Instrument: Heliostat mit Refraktor Eigenbau (Öffnung 110mm, f = 1650mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung unnummeriert, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.01.1956, erstellt von M. Lopez Arroyo an der Sternwarte Madrid
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Zeichnung mit Tinte, erstellt auf einem eigenen Vordruck in Madrid. Instrument: Grubb Refraktor Teleskop (Öffnung: 20 cm, f = 3 m, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25 cm).
Instrumentennachweis gemäss Aparicio (u.a.): Sunspot, in: Solar Physics, Vol. 289, S. 4335-49, DOI: 10.1007/s11207-014-0567-x
Chern-Weil theory for line bundles with the family Arakelov metric
Creators: name: Jespers, Michiel
name: de Jong, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a result of Chern-Weil type for canonically metrized line bundles on one-parameter families of smooth complex curves. Our result generalizes a result due to J.I. Burgos Gil, J. Kramer and U. Kühn that deals with a line bundle of Jacobi forms on the universal elliptic curve over the modular curve with full level structure, equipped with the Petersson metric. Our main tool, as in the work by Burgos Gil, Kramer and Kühn, is the notion of a b-divisor.
description: 34 pages
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 19197.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 05.01.1956, erstellt von Helmut Müller
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
On the height of Gross-Schoen cycles in genus three
Creators: name: de Jong, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that there exists a sequence of genus three curves defined over the rationals in which the height of a canonical Gross-Schoen cycle tends to infinity.
description: 26 pages; v2: referee's remarks taken into account
Efficient decoding of random errors for quantum expander codes
Creators: name: Fawzi, Omar
name: Grospellier, Antoine
name: Leverrier, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that quantum expander codes, a constant-rate family of quantum LDPC codes, with the quasi-linear time decoding algorithm of Leverrier, Tillich and Zémor can correct a constant fraction of random errors with very high probability. This is the first construction of a constant-rate quantum LDPC code with an efficient decoding algorithm that can correct a linear number of random errors with a negligible failure probability. Finding codes with these properties is also motivated by Gottesman's construction of fault tolerant schemes with constant space overhead. In order to obtain this result, we study a notion of $α$-percolation: for a random subset $W$ of vertices of a given graph, we consider the size of the largest connected $α$-subset of $W$, where $X$ is an $α$-subset of $W$ if $|X \cap W| \geq α|X|$.
description: 26 pages
Confinement model for concrete columns internally reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer spirals
Creators: name: Sankholkar, Priyank Pravin
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: axial strain
compressive strength
confinement strength
Glass fiber spirals
hoop strain

description: This research investigates confinement of concrete using glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) spirals. Concrete prisms 10 in. in diameter and 30 in. high were internally reinforced with GFRP spirals. Using different configurations of GFRP spirals, 21 prisms were built; in addition, three prisms were built without any reinforcement. The different series of specimens with GFRP spirals were created by varying the bar diameter and   pitch. The bar sizes used for spirals were #3, #4 and #5. The pitch used for #3 spirals was 1.5 in., 2 in. and 3 in. The pitch used for #4 spirals was 1.5 in. and 2 in. The pitch used for #5 spirals was 1.5 in., 2 in. and 2.5 in. Wooden dowels were used to hold the spirals at the required pitch. Compression tests were conducted for each specimen and results were obtained in the form of axial load, axial stress, axial strain and hoop strain. A concrete confinement model was obtained which describes the increase in both compressive strength and axial strain of concrete confined internally with GFRP spirals. The confinement model was verified with tests conducted on four concrete columns reinforced with GFRP spirals and GFRP longitudinal bars and similar specimens from the literature. The four columns were 8 in. in diameter and 30 in. high reinforced with #3 GFRP spirals at a pitch of 1.5 in. and had either four or six #5 longitudinal GFRP bars. The agreement between the model and the columns was satisfactory for both confined concrete strength and ultimate axial compressive strain.
Drug-Free Macromolecular Therapeutics for Treatment of B-Cell Malignancies
Creators: name: Chu, Te-Wei
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016

description: Hybrid nanomaterials composed of synthetic and biological building blocks possess high potential for the design of nanomedicines. We propose a new therapeutic approach that mimics the mechanism of immune effector cells to crosslink surface receptors of target cells and induce apoptosis. The receptor crosslinking is mediated by biorecognition of high-fidelity natural binding motifs (antibody fragments or oligonucleotides) that are grafted to the side chains of synthetic polymers. This approach features the absence of low-molecular-weight cytotoxic compounds. Thus, we name it "drug-free macromolecular therapeutics." This dissertation describes the development and preclinical evaluation of two drug-free macromolecular therapeutic platforms. The designed therapeutics were tested against B-cell malignancies that highly express the surface antigen CD20. In the first design, a multivalent conjugate comprising high-molecular-weight, linear copolymer of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) grafted with multiple Fab' fragments of an anti-CD20 antibody was synthesized. Exposure of human non- Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) Raji B-cells to the multivalent construct resulted in crosslinking of CD20 receptors and commencement of apoptosis. In the second design, two hybrid conjugates were produced: (1) an anti-CD20 Fab' attached to an oligonucleotide1, and (2) a linear HPMA copolymer grafted with multiple complementary oligonucleotide2. We showed that the two conjugates selfiv assembled via oligonucleotide hybridization at the surface of CD20+ B-cells, which crosslinked CD20 antigens and initiated apoptosis. When tested in a mouse xenograft model, the two conjugates, either administered consecutively or as a premixture, eradicated Raji cells and produced long-term survivors. The consecutive administration approach was chosen for further studies where a two-step pretargeting strategy was employed. We showed that the time lag between administering the two conjugates can be optimized based on pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of the Fab'-oligonucleotide1 conjugate. Using the optimized treatment regimen, the designed nanomedicine achieved superior anti-lymphoma efficacy to rituximab, a clinically used drug for NHL. We also evaluated the nanomedicine in patient mantle cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. The treatment demonstrated potent apoptosis-inducing activity. In summary, we have developed novel nanotherapeutics that may constitute potent treatments for NHL and other B-cell malignancies. The verified concept can be applied to crosslink receptors other than CD20 and potentially treat different diseases.
Development of surface protein patterns to modify astrocyte response and reactivity
Creators: name: Hsiao, Tony Wentai
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: Astrocyte
Collagen printing
CSPG reactivity
Pattern removal
Surface gradient

description: Spinal cord injury is debilitating and patients have historically had little hope for functional recovery. Astrocytes forming the scar tissue and producing chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) were often identified as the chief culprits for inhibiting neuronal regeneration. However, as the complex role of astrocytes in spinal cord injury are increasingly understood, the benefits they provide for healing have become valuable tools towards promoting recovery. Inducing aligned astrocyte populations in the wound site may promote functional recovery outcomes. Many approaches have been researched for restoring signaling after spinal cord injury, but artificial nerve guidance devices are particularly interesting as they can provide lasting directional cues to the injury site. The goal of this research was to demonstrate and measure the impact of surface protein patterns on astrocyte reactivity in an effort to reduce their neuroninhibitory CSPG production. By quantifying CSPG expression as measure of astrocyte reactivity, no change in reactivity was seen with varying amounts of fibrinogen surface coverage. However, astrocytes were found to selectively remove adsorbed fibrinogen from glass surfaces from amongst other proteins and also secrete CSPG onto surfaces. To mitigate protein pattern removal, a cross-linked patterning method based on microcontact printing was developed to attach protein patterns to collagen gels. Protein patterns were first created on glass and transferred to collagen by gelling collagen directly on top of the pattern. This construct was then peeled off from glass to create free standing collagen sheets with one patterned surface. Stripe patterns of various extracellular matrix molecules were thus patterned and found to align astrocytes on collagen gel surfaces and reduced astrocyte CSPG expression. To understand how astrocytes interact with surface patterns, astrocyte morphology was measured in real time. This revealed that astrocytes prefer adhesion to laminin over aggrecan and will shift their cell bodies accordingly. Astrocytes initially extend multiple processes upon attachment and span the largest distances when presented with mixed adhesion cues, up to 150 micrometers. Collectively, this research demonstrates the importance of surface protein patterns in biasing astrocyte behavior and provides a new technique for further modifications of collagen hydrogels for use as nerve guidance materials.
Characterization of OCA-B Induction in Naive CD4+ T Cells
Creators: name: German, Cody
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016

description: Oct1 and its transcriptional cofactor OCA-B are required for memory CD4+ T cell development. This study describes OCA-B induction patterns in naïve CD4+ T cells. Naïve CD4+ T cells have no endogenous expression of OCA-B. After 6 hours of in vitro stimulation, by plate bound CD3ε antibodies and CD28 antibodies in media, T cells begin expression of OCA-B. OCA-B expression increases gradually over time with continued stimulation. Maintenance of OCA-B expression is influenced by Oct1 activity: in the absence of Oct1, OCA-B levels are reduced at long time points following stimulation. Additionally, a novel function of OCA-B positively influencing surface expression of CD44, a surface receptor required for memory T cell survival, has been discovered. A floxed, conditional cre-driven knockout allele of OCA-B has been generated in C57/BL6 mice. This allele will prove to be an invaluable tool for researching further in vivo functions of OCA-B.
Aversion and Reward: Two Opposing Drives Mediating Alcohol-Seeking Behavior
Creators: name: Haack, Andrew Kraft
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016

description: Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) have had a devastating impact on the health and lives of those who struggle with AUDs. Given the impact of AUDs on human health, the neural mechanisms that underlie ethanol-seeking behaviors are a topic of intense interest. In this dissertation, I investigated the neural mechanisms of ethanol-seeking. Motivation for seeking ethanol can be characterized by learning about both the rewarding and aversive properties of ethanol. Indeed, increased drinking would be observed if an animal was more motivated for ethanol's rewarding effects. Furthermore, similar increases in ethanol consumption would be accompanied by an attenuation in learning about ethanol's aversive effects. In this dissertation, I explore the neural mechanisms of reward and aversion that may contribute to increased ethanol-seeking behavior. First, to investigate how mechanisms of reward contribute to ethanolseeking, I implemented the techniques necessary to record phasic dopamine (DA) signaling during ethanol-seeking (Chapter 2). Phasic dopamine release is distinguished by the subsecond release and reuptake of the neurotransmitter. Recent work has found that phasic DA release in the nucleus accumbens may be linked to motivation and performance of reward-seeking behavior but few studies have investigated phasic dopamine release during operant ethanol selfadministration. In Chapter 3, I describe phasic DA release being evoked by cues iv predictive of ethanol availability. Furthermore, the magnitude of the DA was found to be predictive of shorter lever press latencies. Finally, phasic DA release was evoked during the performance of an ethanol-rewarded lever press. The dopamine recorded during ethanol-seeking is consistent with the hypothesis that dopamine may mediate both the motivation for ethanol and performance of ethanol-seeking behavior. Second, to investigate the mechanisms of aversive learning about ethanol, I focused on a brain region long associated with aversion, the lateral habenula (LHb). Recent work identified the LHb in learning about aversion to cocaine, thereby suggesting it may have a role in learning about the aversive effects of ethanol. In Chapter 4, I describe that lesions to the LHb caused an increase in home cage ethanol consumption. Furthermore, when an aversive injection of ethanol was paired to a novel tastant, the consumption of the novel tastant improved more rapidly than in intact animals. The above results implicate the LHb in learning about ethanol's aversive effects. Future studies must be performed to establish which LHb afferents mediate aversion to ethanol.
Constant overhead quantum fault-tolerance with quantum expander codes
Creators: name: Fawzi, Omar
name: Grospellier, Antoine
name: Leverrier, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We prove that quantum expander codes can be combined with quantum fault-tolerance techniques to achieve constant overhead: the ratio between the total number of physical qubits required for a quantum computation with faulty hardware and the number of logical qubits involved in the ideal computation is asymptotically constant, and can even be taken arbitrarily close to 1 in the limit of small physical error rate. This improves on the polylogarithmic overhead promised by the standard threshold theorem. To achieve this, we exploit a framework introduced by Gottesman together with a family of constant rate quantum codes, quantum expander codes. Our main technical contribution is to analyze an efficient decoding algorithm for these codes and prove that it remains robust in the presence of noisy syndrome measurements, a property which is crucial for fault-tolerant circuits. We also establish two additional features of the decoding algorithm that make it attractive for quantum computation: it can be parallelized to run in logarithmic depth, and is single-shot, meaning that it only requires a single round of noisy syndrome measurement.
description: 32 pages
The Design and Analysis of an Informatics Infrastructure to Support Clinical Decision Making in the Management of Opiod PCA Infustions for Palliative Patients
Creators: name: Clutter, Justin D.
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016

description: Though medical advances in the last century now allow us to forestall death, many patients suffer from significant symptoms as they battle severe disease. Opioid medications are particularly effective when treating pain in these patients and infusion by the patient controlled analgesia (PCA) paradigm is commonly used in patients with severe disease. While PCA allows rapid titration yet individualized adjustment of opioid dose, it involves complex, high-stakes decisions. Unfortunately, clinicians complain that it is often difficult or impossible to find the data needed to make these decisions. A relevant data display could support clinical decisions by providing real-time up-to-date clinical data at the point of care. Literature synthesis and multiple modeling techniques were used to quantify the domain. An inductive, qualitative approach, including graphical mapping techniques, was used to build a foundational domain information model which was subsequently validated using a survey of domain experts. A gap analysis was performed, mapping concepts from the information model to the emerging HL7 FHIR standard. Modeling revealed a complex workflow, highlighted the bottleneck in information flow to providers at the point of care, and supported the premise that a relevant data display would be beneficial. The gap analysis showed that currently existing FHIR resources are capable of representing all relevant concepts from the domain information model needed for decision making in this complex use-case. Potential problems with FHIR implementation were identified and recommendations to address these are presented.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung unnummeriert, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 28.01.1956, erstellt von Paul Bourgeois, Observatoire Royal de Belgique in Uccle
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage in Uccle.
Instrument: Merz-Grubb Refraktor Teleskop (Öffnung 160 mm, f = 2450 mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25 cm)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 19264.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 27.03.1956, erstellt von Helmut Müller
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 01.04.1956, erstellt am Sonnenobservatorium Kanzelhöhe, Kärnten
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage im Sonnenobservatorium Kanzelhöhe in Sattendorf, Österreich. Instrument: Heliostat mit Refraktor Eigenbau (Öffnung 110mm, f = 1650mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
François de Malherbe : Enfin Matherbe vint, et le premier en France. Fit sentir dans les vers une juste cadence. D'un mot mis à sa place enseigna le pouvoir, Es rédinsit la Muse aux règles du devoir.
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1760
Subjects: Malherbe, François dedpcAbgebildet

description: Radierung von Nicolas Launay nach Vorlage von Daniel Dumonstier. Blatt beschnitten, mit schwarzem Rahmen umgeben und mit Textfeld versehen. Dargestellt ist der Schriftsteller François de Malherbe (1556-1628).
description: Du Moustier, Del ; N. De Launay, sculp.
Calculating the Expected Value of Sample Information in Practice: Considerations from Three Case Studies
Creators: name: Heath, Anna
name: Kunst, Natalia R.
name: Jackson, Christopher
name: Strong, Mark
name: Alarid-Escudero, Fernando
name: Goldhaber-Fiebert, Jeremy D.
name: Baio, Gianluca
name: Menzies, Nicolas A.
name: Jalal, Hawre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Investing efficiently in future research to improve policy decisions is an important goal. Expected Value of Sample Information (EVSI) can be used to select the specific design and sample size of a proposed study by assessing the benefit of a range of different studies. Estimating EVSI with the standard nested Monte Carlo algorithm has a notoriously high computational burden, especially when using a complex decision model or when optimizing over study sample sizes and designs. Therefore, a number of more efficient EVSI approximation methods have been developed. However, these approximation methods have not been compared and therefore their relative advantages and disadvantages are not clear. A consortium of EVSI researchers, including the developers of several approximation methods, compared four EVSI methods using three previously published health economic models. The examples were chosen to represent a range of real-world contexts, including situations with multiple study outcomes, missing data, and data from an observational rather than a randomized study. The computational speed and accuracy of each method were compared, and the relative advantages and implementation challenges of the methods were highlighted. In each example, the approximation methods took minutes or hours to achieve reasonably accurate EVSI estimates, whereas the traditional Monte Carlo method took weeks. Specific methods are particularly suited to problems where we wish to compare multiple proposed sample sizes, when the proposed sample size is large, or when the health economic model is computationally expensive. All the evaluated methods gave estimates similar to those given by traditional Monte Carlo, suggesting that EVSI can now be efficiently computed with confidence in realistic examples.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Characterization and valuation of uncertainty of calibrated parameters in stochastic decision models
Creators: name: Alarid-Escudero, Fernando
name: Knudsen, Amy B.
name: Ozik, Jonathan
name: Collier, Nicholson
name: Kuntz, Karen M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 62C10, 62F15, 81T80, 92-08, 62P10

description: We evaluated the implications of different approaches to characterize uncertainty of calibrated parameters of stochastic decision models (DMs) in the quantified value of such uncertainty in decision making. We used a microsimulation DM of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) of a 10-year colonoscopy screening. We calibrated the natural history model of CRC to epidemiological data with different degrees of uncertainty and obtained the joint posterior distribution of the parameters using a Bayesian approach. We conducted a probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) on all the model parameters with different characterizations of uncertainty of the calibrated parameters and estimated the value of uncertainty of the different characterizations with a value of information analysis. All analyses were conducted using high performance computing resources running the Extreme-scale Model Exploration with Swift (EMEWS) framework. The posterior distribution had high correlation among some parameters. The parameters of the Weibull hazard function for the age of onset of adenomas had the highest posterior correlation of -0.958. Considering full posterior distributions and the maximum-a-posteriori estimate of the calibrated parameters, there is little difference on the spread of the distribution of the CEA outcomes with a similar expected value of perfect information (EVPI) of \$653 and \$685, respectively, at a WTP of \$66,000/QALY. Ignoring correlation on the posterior distribution of the calibrated parameters, produced the widest distribution of CEA outcomes and the highest EVPI of \$809 at the same WTP. Different characterizations of uncertainty of calibrated parameters have implications on the expect value of reducing uncertainty on the CEA. Ignoring inherent correlation among calibrated parameters on a PSA overestimates the value of uncertainty.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
From Clustering to Cluster Explanations via Neural Networks
Creators: name: Kauffmann, Jacob
name: Esders, Malte
name: Ruff, Lukas
name: Montavon, Grégoire
name: Samek, Wojciech
name: Müller, Klaus-Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A recent trend in machine learning has been to enrich learned models with the ability to explain their own predictions. The emerging field of Explainable AI (XAI) has so far mainly focused on supervised learning, in particular, deep neural network classifiers. In many practical problems however, label information is not given and the goal is instead to discover the underlying structure of the data, for example, its clusters. While powerful methods exist for extracting the cluster structure in data, they typically do not answer the question why a certain data point has been assigned to a given cluster. We propose a new framework that can, for the first time, explain cluster assignments in terms of input features in an efficient and reliable manner. It is based on the novel insight that clustering models can be rewritten as neural networks - or 'neuralized'. Cluster predictions of the obtained networks can then be quickly and accurately attributed to the input features. Several showcases demonstrate the ability of our method to assess the quality of learned clusters and to extract novel insights from the analyzed data and representations.
description: 15 pages + supplement
GAIT: A Geometric Approach to Information Theory
Creators: name: Gallego-Posada, Jose
name: Vani, Ankit
name: Schwarzer, Max
name: Lacoste-Julien, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We advocate the use of a notion of entropy that reflects the relative abundances of the symbols in an alphabet, as well as the similarities between them. This concept was originally introduced in theoretical ecology to study the diversity of ecosystems. Based on this notion of entropy, we introduce geometry-aware counterparts for several concepts and theorems in information theory. Notably, our proposed divergence exhibits performance on par with state-of-the-art methods based on the Wasserstein distance, but enjoys a closed-form expression that can be computed efficiently. We demonstrate the versatility of our method via experiments on a broad range of domains: training generative models, computing image barycenters, approximating empirical measures and counting modes.
description: Appears in: Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS) 2020. 19 pages
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 19244.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 05.03.1956, erstellt von Helmut Müller
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 19279.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 11.04.1956, erstellt von Helmut Müller
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 19272.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 04.04.1956, erstellt von Helmut Müller
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 19259.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 20.03.1956, erstellt von Helmut Müller
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Refactoring the Retina with Connectomics
Creators: name: Lauritzen, James Scott
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016

description: It is imperative to obtain a complete network graph of at least one representative retina if we are to fully understand vertebrate vision. Synaptic connectomics endeavors to construct such graphs. Though previously prevented by hardware and software limitations, the creation of customized viewing and analysis software, affordable data storage, and advances in electron imaging platform control now permit connectome assembly and analysis. The optimal strategy for building complete connectomes utilizes automated transmission electron imaging with 2 nm or better resolution, molecular tags for cell identification, open access data volumes for navigation, and annotation with open source tools to build three-dimensional cell libraries, complete network diagrams, and connectivity databases. In a few years, the first retinal connectome analyses reveal that many well-studied cells participate in much richer networks than expected. Collectively, these results impel a refactoring of the inner plexiform layer, while providing proof of concept for connectomics as a game-changing approach for a new era of scientific discovery.
A distributional and taxonomic study of the kangaroo rats (genus dipodomys) of Utah
Creators: name: Setzer, Henry W.
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: Kangroo rats
Utah

description: The kangaroo rats (genus Dipodomys) belong to the order Rodentia and to the family Heteromyidae. Phylogenetically they are closely allied to the family Geomyidae, characterized in Utah by the common pocket gopher (genus Thomomys). The family Heteromyidae is represented, in Utah, by two other genera, namely: Perognathus and Microdipodops. The former is known, vernacularly, as the pocket mouse and the latter as the kangaroo mouse. All Utah Heteromyids are characterized by exceptionally large auditory bullae, grooved upper incisors, and fur lined cheek pouches.
Permutations encoding the local shape of level curves of real polynomials via generic projections
Creators: name: Sorea, Miruna-Stefana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14P25, 14P05, 14H20, 14B05, 05C05, 14Q05, 26C, 58K, 14Q05,

description: The non-convexity of a smooth and compact connected component of a real algebraic plane curve can be measured by a combinatorial object called the Poincare-Reeb tree associated to the curve and to a direction of projection. In this paper we show that if the chosen projection avoids the bitangents and the inflectional tangencies to the small enough level curves of a real bivariate polynomial function near a strict local minimum at the origin, then the asymptotic Poincare-Reeb tree becomes a complete binary tree and its vertices become endowed with a total order relation. Such a projection direction is called generic. We prove that for any such asymptotic family of level curves, there are finitely many intervals on the real projective line outside of which all the directions are generic with respect to all the curves in the family. If the choice of the direction of projection is generic, then the local shape of the curves can be encoded in terms of alternating permutations, that we call snakes. The snakes offer an effective description of the local geometry and topology, well-suited for further computations.
description: 33 pages; 34 figures
[Mann mit Winkelmass]
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1789

description: Radierung, koloriert. Blatt beschnitten und auf Karton aufgeklebt, mit aufgeklebtem Annotations-Schildchen unterhalb des Bildes. Beides mit schwarzem und blauem Rahmen umgeben. Dargestellt ist ein Mann mit einem Winkelmass in der Hand, in rotem Kleid und grünem Umhang; mit handschriftlicher Annotation.
description: L. Halder sculpsit
Lived narratives, everyday trauma, and the aftermath of the Bosnian war: human rights as living practice
Creators: name: Richards, Jessie Woolley
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: Bosnia
Narrative
Rhetoric
Trauma
War
Yugoslavia

description: This dissertation draws from research in memory studies, discourse analysis, ethnographic methods, and human rights rhetoric to argue that analysis of on-the-ground discourses in the form of lived narratives advances how we think about human rights. Eleven Bosnian Americans who came to Salt Lake City, Utah as a result of the Bosnian war in the mid-1990s were interviewed. I examine how participants share stories about prewar, wartime, and postwar life, and how trauma emerges from those narratives in the form of "traumatic breach" and "(dis)placement trauma." My findings suggest that a practice of human rights is more effectively understood as lived, accounting for the enduring embodiment of trauma manifest throughout these collected, lived narratives, rather than as physical, static manifestations of violence. As opposed to universalist conceptions of justice put forth by The Hague, this research pays attention to local particularities as significant groundwork for theorizing human rights violations and war trauma.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung unnummeriert, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 14.04.1956, erstellt von Wolfgang Gleissberg an der Universitätssternwarte Istanbul
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Istanbul Universitesi Observatuari, Beyazit (Istanbul). Instrument: Zeiss Refraktor Teleskop (Öffnung 130 mm, f = 2000 mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25 cm)
Frobenius' theta function and Arakelov invariants in genus three
Creators: name: de Jong, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G50, 14G40, 14H15, 14H40, 14H42, 14H45

description: We give explicit formulas for the Kawazumi-Zhang invariant and Faltings delta-invariant of a compact and connected Riemann surface of genus three. The formulas are in terms of two integrals over the associated jacobian, one integral involving the standard Riemann theta function, and another involving a theta function particular to genus three that was discovered by Frobenius. We review part of Frobenius' work on his theta function and connect our results with a formula due to Bloch, Hain and Bost describing the archimedean height pairing of Ceresa cycles in genus three.
description: 26 pages; v2: minor corrections
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 19214.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 01.02.1956, erstellt von Adolf Lemans und Helmut Müller
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1956

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt