cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Construction and Import of Ethnic Categorisations: 'Allochthones' in The Netherlands and Belgium
Creators: name: Jacobs, Dirk
name: Rea, Andrea
name: Jacobs, Dirk
name: Rea, Andrea
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Ethnic Categorisation
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Allochthones
subject: Netherlands
subject: Belgium

description: Schematically one can distinguish two traditions related to ethnic statistics in Europe. In France, Germany and most southern European countries, the dominant statistical categorisations merely distinguish individuals on the basis of their nationality. In contrast, most northern European countries have been producing data on the ethnic and/or foreign origin of their populations. Belgium is caught somewhere in between these two traditions. The French speaking part of Belgium tends to follow the French tradition of refusing ethnic categorisation, while the Flemish (the Dutch speaking part) try to copy the Dutch model in distinguishing "allochthones" and "autochthones". This contribution wants to offer an analysis of the construction of ethnic categories as it has been undertaken in the Dutch context. It equally wants to shed light on how the category of "allochthones" has been (partially) imported into the Belgian context and what the consequences are.
CytoCellDB: a comprehensive resource for exploring extrachromosomal DNA in cancer cell lines
Creators: name: Wang, Yue
name: Ford, Christina
name: Brunk, Elizabeth
name: Chen, Jingting
name: Yi, Hong
name: Ting, Stephanie
name: Smyers, Nathan
name: Cannon, Danielle
name: Fessler, Jacob
name: Gulec, Saygin
name: Goble, Kohen
name: Mehta, Aarav
name: Haase, Santiago
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2024

description: Recently, the cancer community has gained a heightened awareness of the roles of extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) in cancer proliferation, drug resistance and epigenetic remodeling. However, a hindrance to studying ecDNA is the lack of available cancer model systems that express ecDNA. Increasing our awareness of which model systems express ecDNA will advance our understanding of fundamental ecDNA biology and unlock a wealth of potential targeting strategies for ecDNA-driven cancers. To bridge this gap, we created CytoCellDB, a resource that provides karyotype annotations for cell lines within the Cancer Dependency Map (DepMap) and the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE). We identify 139 cell lines that express ecDNA, a 200% increase from what is currently known. We expanded the total number of cancer cell lines with ecDNA annotations to 577, which is a 400% increase, covering 31% of cell lines in CCLE/DepMap. We experimentally validate several cell lines that we predict express ecDNA or homogeneous staining regions (HSRs). We demonstrate that CytoCellDB can be used to characterize aneuploidy alongside other molecular phenotypes, (gene essentialities, drug sensitivities, gene expression). We anticipate that CytoCellDB will advance cytogenomics research as well as provide insights into strategies for developing therapeutics that overcome ecDNA-driven drug resistance.
A Tale of Three Countries: Italian, Spanish and Swiss Manufacturing Operations in China
Creators: name: Gattai, Valeria
name: Gattai, Valeria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: In this paper we investigate the choice of FDI versus joint-venture, made by Italian, Spanish and Swiss multinationals in China, as shaped by the risk of Dissipation of Intangible Assets. Probit estimates, based on an entirely new firm-level dataset, constructed by the author, show that FDI is more likely to emerge when know-how easily spills over - namely for firms endowed with more Intangible Assets or belonging to high tech sectors - in line with the theoretical expectations.
Ethnic Minorities Rewarded: Ethnostratification on the Wage Market in Belgium
Creators: name: Vertommen, Sara
name: Martens, Albert
name: Vertommen, Sara
name: Martens, Albert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: Several previous researches have confirmed the hypothesis of ethnostratification, which holds that the labour market is divided into different ethnic layers. While people of a European origin are over-represented in the top layers (the primary market), people with non-European roots and/or nationalities are more concentrated in bottom layers (the secondary market). Relative to the primary market, this secondary market is characterized by a higher chance of unemployment, lower wages, poorer working conditions and greater job insecurity. This paper deals with a very important condition of work: the wage. Does origin have an impact on the level of wage? We make a distinction between nine origin groups: Belgians, North en West Europeans, South Europeans (from Greece, Spain, Portugal), Italians, East Europeans, Moroccans, Turks, Sub Sahara Africans and Asians. The first part of this article briefly describes the database used for the analyses and presents a few general figures for the total Belgian population. In the second part we examine the impact of origin on wage levels. For each origin group we will give an overview of the average daily wages and the partition over the wage classes. For the "weaker" populations, gender and age are taken into account. Finally, by means of a regression analysis, we will examine the influence of origin while controlling a few other variables that may influence the wage level.
Accidents on Rural Interstate and Parkway Roads and Their Relation to Pavement Friction
Creators: name: Napier, Cass T.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Friction measurements were made with a skid trailer at 70 mph on 820 miles of rural, four-lane, controlled-access routes on the interstate and parkway systems in Kentucky. These facilities were subdivided into test sections and half-mile sites. Accident experience, friction measurements and traffic volumes were obtained for each subdivision.  The expression of accident occurrence which correlated best with skid resistance was wet-surface accidents per 100 million vehicle miles. There was a definite trend exhibiting a rapid decrease of accidents with increasing Skid Number (70 mph) to 26 ± 1; thereafter, with increasing Skid Numbers, the rate of decrease was considerably lessened. This trend was developed using test-section data and verified using half-mile sites. Analysis of Peak Slip Numbers and accident occurrences indicated similar trends to those developed with Skid Numbers.
Simulations of black hole air showers in cosmic ray detectors
Creators: name: Ahn, Eun-Joo
name: Cavaglia, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive study of TeV black hole events in Earth's atmosphere originated by cosmic rays of very high energy. An advanced fortran Monte Carlo code is developed and used to simulate black hole extensive air showers from ultrahigh-energy neutrino-nucleon interactions. We investigate the characteristics of these events, compare the black hole air showers to standard model air showers, and test different theoretical and phenomenological models of black hole formation and evolution. The main features of black hole air showers are found to be independent of the model considered. No significant differences between models are likely to be observed at fluorescence telescopes and/or ground arrays. We also discuss the tau ``double bang'' signature in black hole air showers. We find that the energy deposited in the second bang is too small to produce a detectable peak. Our results show that the theory of TeV-scale black holes in ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays leads to robust predictions, but the fine prints of new physics are hardly to be investigated through atmospheric black hole events in the near future.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Identifying and Assessing the Development of Populations of Undocumented Migrants: The Case of Undocumented Poles and Bulgarians in Brussels
Creators: name: Paspalanova, Mila
name: Paspalanova, Mila
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: The stocks of undocumented migrants residing on the territory of Europe and the continuous flows of clandestine migrants are currently one of the "hottest" social and political topics. Even though the issue of irregular migration is on the top of many political and academic agendas the knowledge about who the undocumented migrants are, how they can be identified and how their population in a country develops numerically, remains limited. In this context, the aim of the current paper is twofold. In the first place, snowball sampling will be introduced as a technique for identifying undocumented migrants on the territory of a country and in the second, the empirical results from sampling and assessing the stability of the populations of undocumented Poles and Bulgarians in Brussels will be presented.
Exploring the Potentials of the Multi-modal Equivalent Circuit Approach for Stacks of 2-D Aperture Arrays
Creators: name: Alex-Amor, Antonio
name: Mesa, Francisco
name: Palomares-Caballero, Ángel
name: Molero, Carlos
name: Padilla, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many frequency selective surface (FSS) structures are based on the use of a single periodic array of slot/apertures in a conducting sheet embedded in a layered medium. However, it is well known that stacking several conducting sheets and breaking the alignment of the stack can bring multiple benefits to the structure. In this paper, the analysis and design of stacks of 2-D aperture arrays are carried out by exploiting as much as possible all the potentialities of a rigorous and systematic formulation based on the multi-modal equivalent circuit approach (ECA). A key feature of the formulation is that linear transformations between the apertures of adjacent plates (rotation, translation, and scaling) can be dealt with from a purely analytical perspective. This fact is of potential interest for many practical applications, such as the design of polarization converters, absorbers, filters, and thin matching layers. When the apertures have an arbitrary geometry, it can be applied a hybrid approach that combines the ability of commercial simulators to handle arbitrary geometries with the fast computation times and physical insight of the ECA. In general, either the purely analytical or the hybrid approach can be applied in those many practical scenarios where the spatial profile of the electric field on the considered apertures hardly changes with frequency. As an additional feature of the approach, the dispersion properties (phase/attenuation constants and Bloch impedance) of infinite periodic stacks can be derived and, in particular, analytical expressions for mirror- and glide-symmetric configurations are provided.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
Cell cycle plasticity underlies fractional resistance to palbociclib in ER+/HER2− breast tumor cells
Creators: name: Davis, Harris M.
name: Luthra, Namit
name: Stallaert, Wayne
name: Zikry, Tarek M.
name: Ranek, Jolene S.
name: Purvis, Jeremy E.
name: Whitman, Austin A.
name: Naugle, Ander
name: Spanheimer, Philip M.
name: Kedziora, Katarzyna M.
name: Kosorok, Michael R.
name: Wolff, Samuel C.
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Year: 2024

description: The CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib blocks cell cycle progression in Estrogen receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor 2 receptor-negative (ER+/HER2-) breast tumor cells. Despite the drug's success in improving patient outcomes, a small percentage of tumor cells continues to divide in the presence of palbociclib-a phenomenon we refer to as fractional resistance. It is critical to understand the cellular mechanisms underlying fractional resistance because the precise percentage of resistant cells in patient tissue is a strong predictor of clinical outcomes. Here, we hypothesize that fractional resistance arises from cell-to-cell differences in core cell cycle regulators that allow a subset of cells to escape CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy. We used multiplex, single-cell imaging to identify fractionally resistant cells in both cultured and primary breast tumor samples resected from patients. Resistant cells showed premature accumulation of multiple G1 regulators including E2F1, retinoblastoma protein, and CDK2, as well as enhanced sensitivity to pharmacological inhibition of CDK2 activity. Using trajectory inference approaches, we show how plasticity among cell cycle regulators gives rise to alternate cell cycle "paths" that allow individual tumor cells to escape palbociclib treatment. Understanding drivers of cell cycle plasticity, and how to eliminate resistant cell cycle paths, could lead to improved cancer therapies targeting fractionally resistant cells to improve patient outcomes.
The background field method and critical vector models
Creators: name: Goykhman, Mikhail
name: Rosenhaus, Vladimir
name: Smolkin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the background field method to systematically derive CFT data for the critical $ϕ^6$ vector model in three dimensions, and the Gross-Neveu model in dimensions $2\leq d \leq 4$. Specifically, we calculate the OPE coefficients and anomalous dimensions of various operators, up to next-to-leading order in the $1/N$ expansion.
description: v2: references added (published version)
Rural Recreational Travel in Kentucky
Creators: name: Pigman, Jerry G.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The purpose of this study was to develop a methodology for predicting travel patterns on routes leading to outdoor recreational areas in Kentucky. Data were collected by means of a license-plate, origin-destination survey at 160 sites within 42 recreational areas and by means of a continuous vehicle counting program at eight of these sites. Results indicate that the method of associating similar facilities is a reliable procedure for predicting traffic characteristics. Vehicle occupancy was found to depend on the type of recreational area, distance traveled, and vehicle type. Percentages of various vehicle types were also influenced by the type of recreational areas and the distance traveled. In general, trip lengths were quite short, as evidenced by the fact that 60 percent of all vehicles traveled less than 50 miles. Analysis of the distribution of traffic over time verified that recreational travel is much more highly peaked than other forms of highway travel.
In vitro and in vivo studies on the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of the selective gut microbial β-glucuronidase targeting compound Inh 1
Creators: name: Naik, Nilkanth
name: Wilson, Ian D.
name: Madgula, Vamsi
name: Kerins, Anna
name: Cruickshank, Faye
name: Butler, Phil
name: Koszyczarek, Marta
name: Smith, Caroline
name: Redinbo, Matthew R.
name: Riley, Rob
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024

description: In vitro studies using rat, mouse, and human microsomes and hepatocytes on the bacterial β-glucuronidase inhibitor 1-((6,8-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-3-yl)methyl)-3-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)thiourea) (Inh 1) revealed extensive metabolism in all species.The intrinsic clearances of Inh 1 in human, mouse, and rat hepatic microsomes were 30.9, 67.8, and 201µL/min/mg, respectively. For intact hepatocytes intrinsic clearances of 21.6, 96.0, and 129µL/min/10 6 cells were seen for human, mouse and rat, respectively.The metabolism of Inh 1 involved an uncommon desulphurisation reaction in addition to oxidation, deethylation, and conjugation reactions at multiple sites. Six metabolites were detected in microsomal incubations in human and rat, and seven for the mouse. With hepatocytes, 18 metabolites were characterised, 9 for human, and 11 for mouse and rat. Following IV administration to mice (3mg/kg), plasma concentrations of Inh 1 exhibited a monophasic decline with a terminal elimination half-life of 0.91 h and low systemic clearance (11.8% of liver blood flow). After PO dosing to mice (3 mg/kg), peak observed Inh 1 concentrations of 495ng/mL were measured 0.5h post dose, declining to under 10ng/mL at 8h post dose. The absolute oral bioavailability of Inh 1 in the mouse was ca. 26%.
Inverse Tunneling Magnetoresistance in nanoscale Magnetic Tunnel Junctions
Creators: name: Kim, Tae-Suk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on our theoretical study of the inverse TMR effect in the spin polarized transport through a narrow channel. In the weak tunneling limit, we find the ordinary positive TMR. The TMR changes its sign as the transmission probability becomes large close to a unity. Our results might be relevant to the magnetic tunnel junction with a pinhole or a quantum point contact.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, To be published in Phys. Rev. B (in press)
PIINET: A 360-degree Panoramic Image Inpainting Network Using a Cube Map
Creators: name: Han, Seo Woo
name: Suh, Doug Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inpainting has been continuously studied in the field of computer vision. As artificial intelligence technology developed, deep learning technology was introduced in inpainting research, helping to improve performance. Currently, the input target of an inpainting algorithm using deep learning has been studied from a single image to a video. However, deep learning-based inpainting technology for panoramic images has not been actively studied. We propose a 360-degree panoramic image inpainting method using generative adversarial networks (GANs). The proposed network inputs a 360-degree equirectangular format panoramic image converts it into a cube map format, which has relatively little distortion and uses it as a training network. Since the cube map format is used, the correlation of the six sides of the cube map should be considered. Therefore, all faces of the cube map are used as input for the whole discriminative network, and each face of the cube map is used as input for the slice discriminative network to determine the authenticity of the generated image. The proposed network performed qualitatively better than existing single-image inpainting algorithms and baseline algorithms.
Quantum Monte Carlo simulation in the canonical ensemble at finite temperature
Creators: name: Van Houcke, Kris
name: Rombouts, Stefan
name: Pollet, Lode
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum Monte Carlo method with non-local update scheme is presented. The method is based on a path-integral decomposition and a worm operator which is local in imaginary time. It generates states with a fixed number of particles and respects other exact symmetries. Observables like the equal-time Green's function can be evaluated in an efficient way. To demonstrate the versatility of the method, results for the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model and a nuclear pairing model are presented. Within the context of the Bose-Hubbard model the efficiency of the algorithm is discussed.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Educational Qualification, Work Status and Entrepreneurship in Italy an Exploratory Analysis
Creators: name: Sabatini, Fabio
name: Sabatini, Fabio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper provides an exploratory analysis on the relationship between educational qualification and work status in Italy, with a particular focus on entrepreneurs and self-employed workers. Rough data are drawn from four waves (1995, 1998, 2002, and 2004) of the Survey of Household Income and Wealth (SHIW) carried out by the Bank of Italy. Stylised facts emerging from the empirical evidence are the surprisingly low level of educational qualification exhibited by employers and the tendency of workers holding higher levels of educational qualification not to choose to undertake an entrepreneurial activity. Such workers generally become members of the arts and professions, or take up a career as high-level employees.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/19/06.
Characteristics of Outdoor Recreational Travel
Creators: name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Deacon, John A.
name: Deen, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the characteristics of travel to outdoor recreational areas in Kentucky. Data were obtained by means of a license-plate, origin-destination survey at 160 sites within 42 recreational areas and by means of a continuous vehicle counting program at eight of these sites. A computer algorithm was developed for error detection and subsequent adjustment of the volume data as necessitated by occasional malfunction of the traffic recorders and vandalism. Vehicle occupancy was found to depend of the type of recreational area, distance traveled, and vehicle type. Occupancy increased with increasing distance and was greatest for those vehicles pulling camping trailers. Percentages of the various vehicle types were also influenced by the type of recreational area and the distance traveled. The proportion of camping units in the traffic stream increased with increasing distance of travel. In general, trip lengths were quite short as evidenced by the fact that 60 percent of all vehicles traveled less than 50 miles. However, trip-length distribution was highly dependent of the type and location of the recreational area. Analysis of the distribution of traffic over time verified that recreational travel is much more highly peaked than other forms of highway travel and, with the exception of holidays, is concentrated on Sundays during the spring and summer months. This time period appears most appropriate for the design of highways and parking facilities to serve recreational areas. It is highly recommended that future data collection programs be concentrated on the average summer Sunday to enable collection of the maximum amount of usable traffic data with a minimum of effort. Much of the data reported herein can be used in initial efforts to characterize travel to similar types of recreational areas outside of Kentucky.
Dual families of non-commutative quantum systems
Creators: name: Scholtz, Frederik G
name: Chakraborty, Biswajit
name: Gangopadhyay, Sunandan
name: Hazra, Arindam Ghosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate how a one parameter family of interacting non-commuting Hamiltonians, which are physically equivalent, can be constructed in non-commutative quantum mechanics. This construction is carried out exactly (to all orders in the non-commutative parameter) and analytically in two dimensions for a free particle and a harmonic oscillator moving in a constant magnetic field. We discuss the significance of the Seiberg-Witten map in this context. It is shown for the harmonic oscillator potential that an approximate duality, valid in the low energy sector, can be constructed between the interacting commutative and a non-interacting non-commutative Hamiltonian. This approximation holds to order 1/B and is therefore valid in the case of strong magnetic fields and weak Landau-level mixing.
description: 11 pages, no figures
Radiative three-body D-meson decays in and beyond the standard model
Creators: name: Adolph, Nico
name: Brod, Joachim
name: Hiller, Gudrun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study radiative charm decays $D \to P_1 P_2 γ$, $P_{1,2}=π,K$ in QCD factorization at leading order and within heavy hadron chiral perturbation theory. Branching ratios including resonance contributions are around $\sim 10^{-3}$ for the Cabibbo-favored modes into $K πγ$ and $\sim 10^{-5}$ for the singly Cabibbo-suppressed modes into $π^+ π^- γ, K^+ K^- γ$, and thus in reach of the flavor factories BES III and Belle II. Dalitz plots and forward-backward asymmetries reveal significant differences between the two QCD frameworks; such observables are therefore ideally suited for a data-driven identification of relevant decay mechanisms in the standard-model dominated $D \to K πγ$ decays. This increases the potential to probe new physics with the $D \to π^+ π^- γ$ and $D \to K^+ K^- γ$ decays, which are sensitive to enhanced dipole operators. CP asymmetries are useful to test the SM and look for new physics in neutral $|ΔC|=1$ transitions. Cuts in the Dalitz plot enhance the sensitivity to new physics due to the presence of both $s$- and $t,u$-channel intermediate resonances.
description: 40 pages, 20 figures; clarifications and minor improvements; published version
Author Correction: IL-12 reprograms CAR-expressing natural killer T cells to long-lived Th1-polarized cells with potent antitumor activity
Creators: name: Dellabona, Paolo
name: Woodcock, Mark G.
name: Genovese, Pietro
name: Savoldo, Barbara
name: Stucchi, Simone
name: Casorati, Giulia
name: Landoni, Elisa
name: Flick, Leah M.
name: Hudson, Hanna
name: Cinella, Vincenzo
name: Dotti, Gianpietro
name: Withers, Tracy A.
name: Casirati, Gabriele
name: Metelitsa, Leonid S.
name: Barragan, Gabriel
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: Correction to "IL-12 reprograms CAR-expressing natural killer T cells to long-lived Th1-polarized cells with potent antitumor activity"
Additional file 2 of Clinical validation of a novel quantitative assay for the detection of MGMT methylation in glioblastoma patients
Creators: name: Rocio Rosas-Alonso
name: Colmenarejo-Fernandez, Julian
name: Pernia, Olga
name: Rodriguez-Antolín, Carlos
name: Esteban, Isabel
name: Ghanem, Ismael
name: Sanchez-Cabrero, Dario
name: Losantos-Garcia, Itsaso
name: Palacios-Zambrano, Sara
name: Moreno-Bueno, Gema
name: Castro, Javier De
name: Martinez-Marin, Virginia
name: Ibanez-De-Caceres, Inmaculada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Figure 2. Examples of MSP and dp_qMSP amplifications from the same samples. A MSP samples are shown in duplicate U: Unmethylated reaction, M: methylated reaction, C- : Unmethylated control sample and C+: IVD control sample. The water is tested for contamination. B dp_qMSP amplifications showing the FAM and VIC probes for each sample tested together with the positive and negative controls (only amplify the FAM and VIC probes respectively, there is no amplification when the VIC probe is used with the positive control and not the FAM probe when the negative control is tested). For sample number 100 there is only amplification with the FAM probe (100% methylation). C Reflects the percentage of methylation in each case after application of the formula.
Mapping Diversity in Milan. Historical Approaches to Urban Immigration
Creators: name: Foot, John
name: Foot, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: An historical and spatial approach is crucial to the understanding of any city. Waves of immigration and population movements from different sources have constructed the cultural mix of this financial, industrial and market city over time. To focus just on the new foreign immigration into Milan over the last 25 years or so risks omitting the deep historical fissures created by previous (and bigger) waves of population movements - the traces left by these populations in the urban fabric and their role in subjective experience. Moreover, the historical and spatial comparison of various types and moments of population movement can help us to understand the changes to this city at macro and micro-levels. This paper uses a mixture of approaches in order to understand and map diversity in Milan, its province and its region. It is intended as a discussion paper to be looked at in conjunction with the work and arguments laid out in other research projects and published work. Methodologies used in this paper range from straightforward historical research (using documents and archives) to photography, micro-history (the examination of one small area - in this case one housing block) and oral historical interviews.
A comment on no-force conditions for black holes and branes
Creators: name: Van Riet, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the Weak Gravity Conjecture the notion of quasi-extremality for black holes and branes was recently defined as the property of having either vanishing horizon size or surface gravity. It was derived that such objects obey a no-force condition. In this short note I present a simplified derivation that is essentially present in the formalism of timelike reduction pioneered by Breitenlohner, Gibbons and Maison. This formalism also provides the natural definition of quasi-extremality for gravitational instantons (and wormholes) sourced by axion fluxes and strengthens the argument that macroscopic axion wormholes do not contribute in the path integral since they are self-repulsive in a Euclidean sense.
description: 9 pages incl references: v2 typos corrected, few refs added: v3 few paragraphs added, version to be published in Class.Quant.Grav
Distant future of the Sun and Earth revisited
Creators: name: Schroder, Klaus-Peter
name: Smith, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the distant future of the Sun and the solar system, based on stellar models computed with a thoroughly tested evolution code. For the solar giant stages, mass-loss by the cool (but not dust-driven) wind is considered in detail. Using the new and well-calibrated mass-loss formula of Schroder & Cuntz (2005, 2007), we find that the mass lost by the Sun as an RGB giant (0.332 M_Sun, 7.59 Gy from now) potentially gives planet Earth a significant orbital expansion, inversely proportional to the remaining solar mass. According to these solar evolution models, the closest encounter of planet Earth with the solar cool giant photosphere will occur during the tip-RGB phase. During this critical episode, for each time-step of the evolution model, we consider the loss of orbital angular momentum suffered by planet Earth from tidal interaction with the giant Sun, as well as dynamical drag in the lower chromosphere. We find that planet Earth will not be able to escape engulfment, despite the positive effect of solar mass-loss. In order to survive the solar tip-RGB phase, any hypothetical planet would require a present-day minimum orbital radius of about 1.15 AU. Furthermore, our solar evolution models with detailed mass-loss description predict that the resulting tip-AGB giant will not reach its tip-RGB size. The main reason is the more significant amount of mass lost already in the RGB phase of the Sun. Hence, the tip-AGB luminosity will come short of driving a final, dust-driven superwind, and there will be no regular solar planetary nebula (PN). But a last thermal pulse may produce a circumstellar (CS) shell similar to, but rather smaller than, that of the peculiar PN IC 2149 with an estimated total CS shell mass of just a few hundredths of a solar mass.
description: MNRAS 2008, in print (accepted Jan. 23rd, 2008)
From Outsiders to On-Paper Equals to Cultural Curiosities? The Trajectory of Diversity in the USA
Creators: name: Betancur, John J.
name: Betancur, John J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper examines the genesis and trajectory of diversity in the USA. It argues that unfortunately diversity was more a product of market interests and differential processes in the recruitment of workers at different times and for different purposes than a smooth process of incorporation of immigrant groups from different cultures and continents. At the end, diversity assumed a highly hierarchical form with blacks at the bottom and whites at the top within a framework of manifest destiny and inequality. Confronting an unequal status, non-whites engaged in group-based struggles that transformed them into political communities and the process into a social struggle. The paper concludes with a call for European countries to learn from this experience and try to preempt it by moving to incorporate newcomers in such a way that they become fully contributing members of the societies they enter within a mutually transforming process
IL-12 reprograms CAR-expressing natural killer T cells to long-lived Th1-polarized cells with potent antitumor activity
Creators: name: Savoldo, Barbara
name: Genovese, Pietro
name: Casirati, Gabriele
name: Barragan, Gabriel
name: Dotti, Gianpietro
name: Withers, Tracy A.
name: Dellabona, Paolo
name: Casorati, Giulia
name: Woodcock, Mark G.
name: Flick, Leah M.
name: Stucchi, Simone
name: Cinella, Vincenzo
name: Landoni, Elisa
name: Hudson, Hanna
name: Metelitsa, Leonid S.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: Human natural killer T cells (NKTs) are innate-like T lymphocytes increasingly used for cancer immunotherapy. Here we show that human NKTs expressing the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) undergo extensive and sustained molecular and functional reprogramming. Specifically, IL-12 instructs and maintains a Th1-polarization program in NKTs in vivo without causing their functional exhaustion. Furthermore, using CD62L as a marker of memory cells in human NKTs, we observe that IL-12 maintains long-term CD62L-expressing memory NKTs in vivo. Notably, IL-12 initiates a de novo programming of memory NKTs in CD62L-negative NKTs indicating that human NKTs circulating in the peripheral blood possess an intrinsic differentiation hierarchy, and that IL-12 plays a role in promoting their differentiation to long-lived Th1-polarized memory cells. Human NKTs engineered to co-express a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) coupled with the expression of IL-12 show enhanced antitumor activity in leukemia and neuroblastoma tumor models, persist long-term in vivo and conserve the molecular signature driven by the IL-12 expression. Thus IL-12 reveals an intrinsic plasticity of peripheral human NKTs that may play a crucial role in the development of cell therapeutics.
Morphology Segregation of Galaxies in the Color-Color Gradient Space
Creators: name: Park, Changbom
name: Choi, Yun-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have found the u -r color versus g -i color gradient space can be used for highly successful morphology classification of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. In this space galaxies form early and late type branches well-separated from each other. The location of galaxies along the branches reflects the degree and locality of star formation activity, and monotonically corresponds to the sequence of morphological subclasses. When the concentration index is used together, the completeness and reliability of classification reaches about 91% for a training set of SDSS galaxies brighter than r~15.9. At faintest magnitudes (r~17.5) of the SDSS spectroscopic sample, the performance still remains at about 88%. The new classification scheme will help us find accurate relations of galaxy morphology with spatial and temporal environments, and help one understand the origin of morphology of galaxies.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, ApJL accepted
Variational method for locating invariant tori
Creators: name: Lan, Yueheng
name: Chandre, Cristel
name: Cvitanovic, Predrag
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a variational fictitious-time flow which drives an initial guess torus to a torus invariant under given dynamics. The method is general and applies in principle to continuous time flows and discrete time maps in arbitrary dimension, and to both Hamiltonian and dissipative systems.
description: 10 pages
Oil Prices, Inflation and Interest Rates in a Structural Cointegrated VAR Model for the G-7 Countries
Creators: name: Cologni, Alessandro
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Cologni, Alessandro
name: Manera, Matteo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Sharp increases in the price of oil are generally seen as a major contributor to business cycle asymmetries. Moreover, the very recent highs registered in the world oil market are causing concern about possible slowdowns in the economic performance of the most developed countries. While several authors have considered the direct channels of transmission of energy price increases, other authors have argued that the economic downturns arose from the monetary policy response to the inflation presumably caused by oil price increases. In this paper a structural cointegrated VAR model has been considered for the G-7 countries in order to study the direct effects of oil price shocks on output and prices and the reaction of monetary variables to external shocks. Empirical analysis shows that, for most of the countries considered, there seems to be an impact of unexpected oil price shocks on interest rates, suggesting a contractionary monetary policy response directed to fight inflation. In turn, increases in interest rates are transmitted to real economy by reducing output growth and the inflation rate.
The dependence of overlap topological charge density on Wilson mass parameter
Creators: name: Cheng, Zhen
name: Zhang, Jian-bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we analyze the dependence of the topological charge density from the overlap operator on the Wilson mass parameter in the overlap kernel by the symmetric multi-probing source (SMP) method. We observe that the non-trivial topological objects are removed as the Wilson mass is increased. A comparison of topological charge density calculated by the SMP method using fermionic definition with that of gluonic definition by the Wilson flow method is shown. A matching procedure for these two methods is used. We find that there is a best match for topological charge density between gluonic definition with varied Wilson flow time and fermionic definition with different Wilson mass. By using the matching procedure, the proper flow time of Wilson flow in the calculation of topological charge density can be estimated. As the lattice spacing $a$ decreases, the proper flow time also decreases, as expected.
description: The title changed, some sections deleted and some sections updated. To be published in Chinese Physics C
Cavitation of Electrons Bubbles in Liquid Helium Below saturation Pressure
Creators: name: Pi, M.
name: Barranco, M.
name: Mayol, R.
name: Grau, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used a Hartree-type electron-helium potential together with a density functional description of liquid $^4$He and $^3$He to study the explosion of electron bubbles submitted to a negative pressure. The critical pressure at which bubbles explode has been determined as a function of temperature. It has been found that this critical pressure is very close to the pressure at which liquid helium becomes globally unstable in the presence of electrons. It is shown that at high temperatures the capillary model overestimates the critical pressures. We have checked that a commonly used and rather simple electron-helium interaction yields results very similar to those obtained using the more accurate Hartree-type interaction. We have estimated that the crossover temperature for thermal to quantum nucleation of electron bubbles is very low, of the order of 6 mK for $^4$He.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
The Internalization of Externalities in The Production of Electricity: Willingness to Pay for the Attributes of a Policy for Renewable Energy
Creators: name: Longo, Alberto
name: Markandya, Anil
name: Petrucci, Marta
name: Longo, Alberto
name: Markandya, Anil
name: Petrucci, Marta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper investigates the willingness to pay of a sample of residents of Bath, England, for a hypothetical program that promotes the production of renewable energy. Using choice experiments, we assess the preferences of respondents for a policy for the promotion of renewable energy that (i) contributes to the internalization of the external costs caused by fossil fuel technologies; (ii) affects the security of energy supply; (iii) has an impact on the employment in the energy sector; (iv) and leads to an increase in the electricity bill. Responses to the choice questions show that our respondents are in favour of a policy for renewable energy and that they attach a high value to a policy that brings private and public benefits in terms of climate change and energy security benefits. Our results therefore suggest that consumers are willing to pay a higher price for electricity in order to internalize the external costs in terms of energy security, climate change and air pollution caused by the production of electricity.
Electronic mean free path in as-produced and purified single-wall carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Kajiura, H.
name: Nandyala, A.
name: Coskun, U. C.
name: Bezryadin, A.
name: Shiraishi, M.
name: Ata, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of purification on room temperature electronic transport properties of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) was studied by submerging samples into liquid mercury. The conductance plots of purified SWNTs showed plateaus, indicating weak dependence of the electrical resistance on the length of the tube connecting the electrodes, providing evidence of quasi-ballistic conduction in SWNTs. The electronic mean free path of the purified SWNTs reached a few microns, which is longer than that of the as-produced SWNTs, and which is consistent with the calculation based on the scattering by acoustic phonons.
Signature of the Maximally Symmetric 2HDM via $W^{\pm}/Z$-Quadruplet Productions at the LHC
Creators: name: Darvishi, N.
name: Masouminia, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Maximally Symmetric Two-Higgs Doublet Model (MS-2HDM) in which the so-called Standard Model (SM) alignment can be achieved naturally by the virtue of an SO(5) symmetry imposed on the 2HDM. We investigate the signature of the MS-2HDM via $p p \to HX \to VV^* X$ and $p p \to HHX \to VV^*V'V'^* X$ processes at the LHC for different values of $\tan β$. We perform our calculations with NLO QCD accuracy, using the \textsf{Herwig~7} multi-purpose event generator at $\sqrt{s}=13$~TeV center-of-mass energy. We show that the production of single SM-like Higgs bosons via $W^{\pm}/Z$-pairs is completely aligned with the SM. Interestingly, the presence of the heavy Higgs states significantly enhances the cross-section for the $W^{\pm}/Z$-quadruplet production channels in the low-$p_{\perp}$ regions. These vital analyses may aid the future discovery of this minimal and very predictive extension of the SM and can be generalised to other realisations of the 2HDM.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures
New strategies for feeding salmonids : video monitoring and contrast enhancement of feed pellets
Creators: name: Ang, Keng Pee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The efficiency with which feed is converted to fish flesh is a prime problem for the aquaculture industry. In the practical sense, feed conversion ratio (FCR) refers to the amount of feed that is dispensed to the fish relative to the amount of weight gained. The present research dealt with the possibility of extending the feeding opportunity of caged fish from the current restricted area near the cage surface to the larger volume of the cage as a technique for reducing this ratio and increasing feeding rate. Procedures were developed to control both feeding rate and pellet loss after inspecting feeding behaviour using underwater-cameras. Tests indicated that BioFCR in cameramonitored cages were lower than in surface-fed cages. Spatial homogeneity in feeding (uniform feeding) was seldom observed in both camera-monitored and surface-fed cages. Pellet wastage was high if fish were surface-fed or fed to a predetermined ration. One explanation for the lack of feeding uniformity was poor visibility of feed pellets towards the cage bottom. The effects of using a contrast-enhanced pellets and light intensity on feeding patterns were examined while feeding Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) using the previously developed camera-monitored feeding method. The contrast-enhanced pellet tested (silver coated) was chosen after a series of laboratory-based fish detectability experiments had been conducted. The silver pellets were 41% more detectable than a conventional pellet to a human observer. Neither the use of conventional nor silver pellets permitted uniform feeding, as fish tended to feed in groups. Pellet discharge rate decreased as stocking density and light intensity increased, and was lower for silver pellets. Fish fed silver pellets preferred to feed near the cage bottom, and this preference increased the likelihood of pellet wastage. Feed discharge rate was, therefore, reduced in cages fed silver pellets to keep fish off the cage bottom. Overall, camera-monitored feeding is more effective than surface feeding, as FCR is improved and feeding rate can be optimised. Contrast-enhanced pellets offer fish a choice of where to eat. Light intensity affects spatial homogeneity of feeding, with the highest level of homogeneity under conditions of low light intensity and good water visibility.