cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Isolate record for VAFB-ISO-522
Creators: name: Holloway, Corinne
Year: 1900
Subjects: subject: Santa Barbara (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3486/santa-barbara-county
subject: Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85469/vandenberg-air-force-base-vafb
subject: Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85584/vandenberg-space-force-base-vsfb
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Chert
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/213/chert
subject: Reconnaissance / Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/7/reconnaissance-survey

description: This document is the isolated find record for VAFB-ISO-522. The artifact is a gray banded Monterey chert flake.
The effects of magnetic field, age, and intrinsic luminosity on Crab-like pulsar wind nebulae
Creators: name: Torres, D. F.
name: Martin, J.
name: Wilhelmi, E. de Oña
name: Cillis, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the time-dependent behavior of Crab-like pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) generating a set of models using 4 different initial spin-down luminosities ($L_0 =\{1,0.1,0.01,0.001\} \times L_{0, {\rm Crab}}$), 8 values of magnetic fraction ($η=$ 0.001, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.5, 0.9, 0.99, and 0.999, i.e., from fully particle dominated to fully magnetically dominated nebulae), and 3 distinctive ages: 940, 3000, and 9000 years. We find that the self-synchrotron Compton (SSC) contribution is irrelevant for $L_{SD}$=0.1, 1, and 10% of the Crab power, disregarding the age and the magnetic fraction. SSC only becomes relevant for highly energetic ($\sim 70%$ of the Crab), particle dominated nebulae at low ages (of less than a few kyr), located in a FIR background with relatively low energy density. Since no pulsar other than Crab is known to have these features, these results clarify why the Crab Nebula, and only it, is SSC dominated. No young PWN would be detectable at TeV energies if the pulsar's spin-down power is 0.1% Crab or lower. For 1% of the Crab spin-down, only particle dominated nebulae can be detected by H.E.S.S.-like telescopes when young enough (with details depending on the precise injection and environmental parameters). Above 10% of the Crab's power, all PWNe are detectable by H.E.S.S.-like telescopes if they are particle dominated, no matter the age. The impact of the magnetic fraction on the final SED is varied and important, generating order of magnitude variations in the luminosity output for systems that are otherwise the same (equal $P$, $\dot P$, injection, and environment).
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Neurotrophic Requirements of Human Motor Neurons Defined Using Amplified and Purified Stem Cell-Derived Cultures
Creators: name: Lamas, Nuno Jorge
name: Johnson-Kerner, Bethany L.
name: Roybon, Laurent
name: Kim, Yoon A.
name: Garcia Diaz, Alejandro
name: Wichterle, Hynek
name: Henderson, Christopher
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurotrophic functions
subject: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
subject: Motor neurons
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Molecular biology

description: Human motor neurons derived from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells (hESCs and hiPSCs) are a potentially important tool for studying motor neuron survival and pathological cell death. However, their basic survival requirements remain poorly characterized. Here, we sought to optimize a robust survival assay and characterize their response to different neurotrophic factors. First, to increase motor neuron yield, we screened a small-molecule collection and found that the Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 enhances motor neuron progenitor proliferation up to 4-fold in hESC and hiPSC cultures. Next, we FACS-purified motor neurons expressing the Hb9::GFP reporter from Y-27632-amplified embryoid bodies and cultured them in the presence of mitotic inhibitors to eliminate dividing progenitors. Survival of these purified motor neurons in the absence of any other cell type was strongly dependent on neurotrophic support. GDNF, BDNF and CNTF all showed potent survival effects (EC50 1–2 pM). The number of surviving motor neurons was further enhanced in the presence of forskolin and IBMX, agents that increase endogenous cAMP levels. As a demonstration of the ability of the assay to detect novel neurotrophic agents, Y-27632 itself was found to support human motor neuron survival. Thus, purified human stem cell-derived motor neurons show survival requirements similar to those of primary rodent motor neurons and can be used for rigorous cell-based screening.
Dark side of the universe in the Stephani cosmology
Creators: name: Hashemi, S. Sedigheh.
name: Jalalzadeh, S.
name: Riazi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the late time acceleration of the universe in the context of the Stephani model. This solution generalizes those of Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) in such a way that the spatial curvature is a function of of time. We show that the inhomogeneity of the models can lead to an accelerated evolution of the universe that is analogous to that obtained with FLRW models through a cosmological constant or any exotic component for matter.
description: 8 pages, 2 figure, many improvements; to appear in European Physical Journal C
Isolate record for VAFB-ISO-539
Creators: name: Holloway, Corinne
Year: 1900
Subjects: subject: Santa Barbara (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3486/santa-barbara-county
subject: Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85469/vandenberg-air-force-base-vafb
subject: Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85584/vandenberg-space-force-base-vsfb
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Chert
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/213/chert
subject: Reconnaissance / Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/7/reconnaissance-survey

description: This document is the isolated find record for VAFB-ISO-539. The artifacts are a brown banded Monterey chert test cobble and a black and white banded mottled Monterey chert shatter.
B-Learner: Quasi-Oracle Bounds on Heterogeneous Causal Effects Under Hidden Confounding
Creators: name: Oprescu, Miruna
name: Dorn, Jacob
name: Ghoummaid, Marah
name: Jesson, Andrew
name: Kallus, Nathan
name: Shalit, Uri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimating heterogeneous treatment effects from observational data is a crucial task across many fields, helping policy and decision-makers take better actions. There has been recent progress on robust and efficient methods for estimating the conditional average treatment effect (CATE) function, but these methods often do not take into account the risk of hidden confounding, which could arbitrarily and unknowingly bias any causal estimate based on observational data. We propose a meta-learner called the B-Learner, which can efficiently learn sharp bounds on the CATE function under limits on the level of hidden confounding. We derive the B-Learner by adapting recent results for sharp and valid bounds of the average treatment effect (Dorn et al., 2021) into the framework given by Kallus & Oprescu (2023) for robust and model-agnostic learning of conditional distributional treatment effects. The B-Learner can use any function estimator such as random forests and deep neural networks, and we prove its estimates are valid, sharp, efficient, and have a quasi-oracle property with respect to the constituent estimators under more general conditions than existing methods. Semi-synthetic experimental comparisons validate the theoretical findings, and we use real-world data to demonstrate how the method might be used in practice.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, ICML 2023
K-theory, LQEL manifolds and Severi varieties
Creators: name: Nash, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M22, 19L64

description: We use topological K-theory to study non-singular varieties with quadratic entry locus. We thus obtain a new proof of Russo's Divisibility Property for locally quadratic entry locus manifolds. In particular we obtain a K-theoretic proof of Zak's theorem that the dimension of a Severi variety must be 2, 4, 8 or 16 and so resolve a conjecture of Atiyah and Berndt. We also show how the same methods applied to dual varieties recover the Landman parity theorem.
description: 17 pages; added references; minor corrections
Proechimys poliopus Osgood 1914
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Proechimys
Proechimys poliopus

description: Proechimys poliopus Osgood, 1914. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. PubL, Zool. Ser., 10: 135. TYPE LOCALITY: Venezuela, Zulia Prov., Rio Aurare, El Panorama. DISTRIBUTION: N.W. Venezuela, between Lake Maracaibo and the Sierra de Perija; adjacent Colombia. COMMENT: Formerly included in guyannensis; see Reig et al., 1980:291-312, in Voronstov and Van Brink, eds., Animal genetics and evolution, Junk, The Hague.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 590, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
description: {"references": ["Reig, O. A., M. Aguilera, M. A. Barros, and M. Useche. 1980. Chromosomal speciation in a Rassenkreis of Venezuelan spiny rats (genus Proechimys; Rodentia: Echimyidae). Genetica, 52 / 53: 291 - 312."]}
Stochastic Resonance and Dynamic First-Order Pseudo-Phase Transitions in the Irreversible Growth of Thin Films under Spatially Periodic Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Loscar, Ernesto S.
name: Candia, Julián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the irreversible growth of magnetic thin films under the influence of spatially periodic fields by means of extensive Monte Carlo simulations. We find first-order pseudo-phase transitions that separate a dynamically disordered phase from a dynamically ordered phase. By analogy with time-dependent oscillating fields applied to Ising-type models, we qualitatively associate this dynamic transition with the localization/delocalization transition of "spatial hysteresis" loops. Depending on the relative width of the magnetic film, $L$, compared to the wavelength of the external field, $λ$, different transition regimes are observed. For small systems ($Lλ$), the transition is driven by Anomalous Stochastic Resonance. The origin of the latter is identified as due to the emergence of an additional relevant lengthscale, namely the roughness of the spin domain switching interface. The distinction between different stochastic resonance regimes is discussed at length, both qualitatively by means of snapshot configurations, as well as quantitatively via residence-length and order-parameter probability distributions.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. E
Additional file 5 of Physical activity and sedentary time of youth in structured settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Tassitano, Rafael M.
name: R. Glenn Weaver
name: Tenório, Maria Cecília M.
name: Brazendale, Keith
name: Beets, Michael W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5.
Occupation times of exclusion processes with conductances
Creators: name: Franco, Tertuliano
name: Gonçalves, Patrícia
name: Neumann, Adriana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain the fluctuations for the occupation time of one-dimensional symmetric exclusion processes with speed change, where the transition rates (conductances) are driven by a general function W. The approach does not require sharp bounds on the spectral gap of the system nor the jump rates to be bounded from above or below. We present some examples and for one of them, we observe that the fluctuations of the current are trivial, but the fluctuations of the occupation time are given by a fractional Brownian Motion. This shows that, in general, the fluctuations of the current and of the occupation time are not of same order.
description: 20 pages
Additional file 3 of Physical activity and sedentary time of youth in structured settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Tassitano, Rafael M.
name: R. Glenn Weaver
name: Tenório, Maria Cecília M.
name: Brazendale, Keith
name: Beets, Michael W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3.
Salsola rosacea Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Salsola
Salsola rosacea

description: Salsola rosacea, spec. nov.
2. Salsola herbacea, foliis subulatis mucronatis, calycibus explanatis.
 Salsola foliis conico-subulatis mucronatis, calycibus corolliformibus obtusis coloratis crenatis. Hort. ups.56.
 Kali humile, alis purpureis florem rosaceum mentientibus. Buxb. cent. 1. p.9. t.14. f.2.
 Habitat ad Asiae septentrionalis salinas. ☉
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 222, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Multi-band Extension of the Wideband Timing Technique
Creators: name: Paladi, Avinash Kumar
name: Dwivedi, Churchil
name: Rana, Prerna
name: K, Nobleson
name: Susobhanan, Abhimanyu
name: Joshi, Bhal Chandra
name: Tarafdar, Pratik
name: Deb, Debabrata
name: Arumugam, Swetha
name: Gopakumar, A
name: Krishnakumar, M A
name: Batra, Neelam Dhanda
name: Debnath, Jyotijwal
name: Kareem, Fazal
name: Arumugam, Paramasivan
name: Bagchi, Manjari
name: Bathula, Adarsh
name: Dandapat, Subhajit
name: Desai, Shantanu
name: Gupta, Yashwant
name: Hisano, Shinnosuke
name: Kharbanda, Divyansh
name: Kikunaga, Tomonosuke
name: Kolhe, Neel
name: Maan, Yogesh
name: Manoharan, P K
name: Singha, Jaikhomba
name: Srivastava, Aman
name: Surnis, Mayuresh
name: Takahashi, Keitaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wideband timing technique enables the high-precision simultaneous estimation of pulsar Times of Arrival (ToAs) and Dispersion Measures (DMs) while effectively modeling frequency-dependent profile evolution. We present two novel independent methods that extend the standard wideband technique to handle simultaneous multi-band pulsar data incorporating profile evolution over a larger frequency span to estimate DMs and ToAs with enhanced precision. We implement the wideband likelihood using the libstempo python interface to perform wideband timing in the tempo2 framework. We present the application of these techniques to the dataset of fourteen millisecond pulsars observed simultaneously in Band 3 (300 - 500 MHz) and Band 5 (1260 - 1460 MHz) of the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (uGMRT) with a large band gap of 760 MHz as a part of the Indian Pulsar Timing Array (InPTA) campaign. We achieve increased ToA and DM precision and sub-microsecond root mean square post-fit timing residuals by combining simultaneous multi-band pulsar observations done in non-contiguous bands for the first time using our novel techniques.
description: Published in MNRAS
Additional file 4 of Physical activity and sedentary time of youth in structured settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Tassitano, Rafael M.
name: R. Glenn Weaver
name: Tenório, Maria Cecília M.
name: Brazendale, Keith
name: Beets, Michael W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4.
Divorce and the Duality of Marital Payoff
Creators: name: Chiappori, Pierre A.
name: Radchenko, Natalia
name: Salanie, Bernard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Divorce--Economic aspects
Equality
Marriage--Economic aspects
Economics

description: Empirical studies on the determinants of divorce are scarce in economics. One reason is the duality of the value of marriage, which combines economic gains for which proxies can be found and non-pecuniary gains that are much harder to measure. The literature on marital stability has therefore focused on the impact of income differentials between partners, omitting shocks to the non-economic components of the value of the marriage. We fill in the gap by extending the model of marriage dissolution to account for a time-varying non-pecuniary quality of the match. To explore its importance, we exploit a unique data set from the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) which provides both labor market outcomes of the couples and subjective well-being data. Our results suggest that the monetary and non-monetary components enter the joint surplus additively, with gender-specific marginal rates of substitution. The valuation of the monetary components also reveals gender asymmetry, which we link to differences in remarriage prospects.
Suffix conjugates for a class of morphic subshifts
Creators: name: Currie, James D.
name: Rampersad, Narad
name: Saari, Kalle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Let A be a finite alphabet and f: A^* --> A^* be a morphism with an iterative fixed point f^ω(α), where α is in A. Consider the subshift (X, T), where X is the shift orbit closure of f^ω(α) and T: X --> X is the shift map. Let S be a finite alphabet that is in bijective correspondence via a mapping c with the set of nonempty suffixes of the images f(a) for a in A. Let calS be a subset S^N be the set of infinite words s = (s_n)_{n\geq 0} such that π(s):= c(s_0)f(c(s_1)) f^2(c(s_2))... is in X. We show that if f is primitive and f(A) is a suffix code, then there exists a mapping H: calS --> calS such that (calS, H) is a topological dynamical system and π: (calS, H) --> (X, T) is a conjugacy; we call (calS, H) the suffix conjugate of (X, T). In the special case when f is the Fibonacci or the Thue-Morse morphism, we show that the subshift (calS, T) is sofic, that is, the language of calS is regular.
Additional file 6 of Physical activity and sedentary time of youth in structured settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Tassitano, Rafael M.
name: R. Glenn Weaver
name: Tenório, Maria Cecília M.
name: Brazendale, Keith
name: Beets, Michael W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6.
Robert Hiecke
Creators: name: Bornheim Schilling, Werner
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2019

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Vol. 6 No. 7 (1953): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Confining and escaping magnetic field lines in Tokamaks: Analysis via symplectic map
Creators: name: Palmero, Matheus S.
name: Caldas, Iberê L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In magnetically confined plasma, it is possible to qualitatively describe the magnetic field configuration via phase spaces of suitable symplectic maps. These phase spaces are of mixed type, where chaos coexists with regular motion, and the complete understanding of the chaotic transport is a challenge that, when overcome, may provide further knowledge into the behaviour of confined fusion plasma. This work presents two numerical investigations into characteristics of mixed phase spaces which model distinct magnetic configurations in tokamaks under different perturbation regimes. The first approach relies on a recurrence-based analysis of ensembles of chaotic trajectories to detect open field lines that widely differ from the average. The second focuses on the transient dynamical behaviour of field lines before they escape the systems. These two methods provide insights into the influence of stickiness and invariant manifolds on the evolution of chaotic trajectories, improving our understanding of how these features affect the chaotic transport and diffusion properties in mixed phase spaces. These theoretical and numerical approaches may enhance our comprehension of confined plasma behaviour and plasma-wall interactions.
description: Preprint submitted to Fundamental Plasma Physics
IgG4 Immunostaining and Its Implications in Orbital Inflammatory Disease
Creators: name: Wong, Amanda J.
name: Planck, Stephen R.
name: Choi, Dongseok
name: Harrington, Christina A.
name: Troxell, Megan L.
name: Houghton, Donald C
name: Stauffer, Patrick
name: Wilson, David J.
name: Grossniklaus, Hans E.
name: Dailey, Roger A.
name: Ng, John D.
name: Steele, Eric A.
name: Harris, Gerald J.
name: Czyz, Craig
name: Foster, Jill A.
name: White, Valerie A.
name: Dolman, Peter J.
name: Kazim, Michael
name: Patel, Payal J.
name: Edward, Deepak P.
name: Katan, Hind Al
name: Hussain, Hailah Al
name: Selva, Dinesh
name: Yeatts, R. Patrick
name: Korn, Bobby S.
name: Kikkawa, Don O.
name: Rosenbaum, James T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Eye--Diseases
subject: Sarcoidosis
subject: Gene expression
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular biology
subject: Ophthalmology

description: Objective
IgG4-related disease is an emerging clinical entity which frequently involves tissue within the orbit. In order to appreciate the implications of IgG4 immunostaining, we analyzed gene expression and the prevalence of IgG4- immunostaining among subjects with orbital inflammatory diseases.

Methods
We organized an international consortium to collect orbital biopsies from 108 subjects including 22 with no known orbital disease, 42 with nonspecific orbital inflammatory disease (NSOI), 26 with thyroid eye disease (TED), 12 with sarcoidosis, and 6 with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Lacrimal gland and orbital adipose tissue biopsies were immunostained for IgG4 or IgG secreting plasma cells. RNA transcripts were quantified by Affymetrix arrays.

Results
None of the healthy controls or subjects with TED had substantial IgG4 staining. Among the 63 others, the prevalence of significant IgG4-immunostaining ranged from 11 to 39% depending on the definition for significant. IgG4 staining was detectable in the majority of tissues from subjects with GPA and less commonly in tissue from subjects with sarcoidosis or NSOI. The detection of IgG4+ cells correlated with inflammation in the lacrimal gland based on histology. IgG4 staining tissue expressed an increase in transcripts associated with inflammation, especially B cell-related genes. Functional annotation analysis confirmed this.

Conclusion
IgG4+ plasma cells are common in orbital tissue from patients with sarcoidosis, GPA, or NSOI. Even using the low threshold of 10 IgG4+ cells/high powered field, IgG4 staining correlates with increased inflammation in the lacrimal gland based on histology and gene expression.
Opinion Dynamics and Influencing on Random Geometric Graphs
Creators: name: Zhang, Weituo
name: Lim, Chjan
name: Korniss, G.
name: Szymanski, B. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the two-word Naming Game on two-dimensional random geometric graphs. Studying this model advances our understanding of the spatial distribution and propagation of opinions in social dynamics. A main feature of this model is the spontaneous emergence of spatial structures called opinion domains which are geographic regions with clear boundaries within which all individuals share the same opinion. We provide the mean-field equation for the underlying dynamics and discuss several properties of the equation such as the stationary solutions and two-time-scale separation. For the evolution of the opinion domains we find that the opinion domain boundary propagates at a speed proportional to its curvature. Finally we investigate the impact of committed agents on opinion domains and find the scaling of consensus time.
KI × DH: Zum Umgang mit ML, Transformern und LLMs in der Digitalen Akademie
Creators: name: Steller, Jonatan Jalle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Digital humanities
subject: Artificial intelligence

description: Das vorliegende Positionspapier verfolgt zwei Ziele. Zum einen soll die Diskussion um ‚KI‘ mit geisteswissenschaftlichem Werkzeug geerdet werden, da der Marketingdiskurs irreführend ist und Anzeichen einer Spekulationsblase aufweist. Zum anderen sollen im vorliegenden Papier die dahinter stehenden Technologien ernst genommen werden, um Leitlinien und konkrete Anwendungsfelder in der Arbeit der Digitalen Akademie als DH-Forschungs- und Praxisabteilung der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz abzuleiten.
The fate of time-reversal symmetry breaking in UTe2
Creators: name: Ajeesh, M. O.
name: Bordelon, M.
name: Girod, C.
name: Mishra, S.
name: Ronning, F.
name: Bauer, E. D.
name: Maiorov, B.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Rosa, P. F. S.
name: Thomas, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological superconductivity is a long-sought state of matter in bulk materials, and odd-parity superconductor UTe$_2$ is a prime candidate. The recent observation of a field-trainable spontaneous Kerr signal in UTe$_2$ at the onset of superconductivity provides strong evidence that the superconducting order parameter is multicomponent and breaks time-reversal symmetry. Here, we perform Kerr effect measurements on a number of UTe$_2$ samples -- grown $via$ both chemical vapor transport and the molten-salt-flux methods -- that show a single superconducting transition between 1.6~K and 2.1~K. Our results show no evidence for a spontaneous Kerr signal in zero field measurements. This implies that the superconducting state of UTe$_2$ does not intrinsically break time-reversal symmetry. Instead, we observe a field-trainable signal that varies in magnitude between samples and between different locations on a single sample, which is a sign of inhomogeneous magnetic regions. Our results provide an examination of representative UTe$_2$ samples and place strong constraints on the superconducting order parameter of UTe$_2$.
Inferring Protein Modulation from Gene Expression Data Using Conditional Mutual Information
Creators: name: Giorgi, Federico M.
name: Lopez, Gonzalo
name: Woo, Jung H.
name: Bisikirska, Brygida
name: Califano, Andrea
name: Bansal, Mukesh
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Gene expression
subject: Genetic algorithms
subject: Transcription factors
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular biology

description: Systematic, high-throughput dissection of causal post-translational regulatory dependencies, on a genome wide basis, is still one of the great challenges of biology. Due to its complexity, however, only a handful of computational algorithms have been developed for this task. Here we present CINDy (Conditional Inference of Network Dynamics), a novel algorithm for the genome-wide, context specific inference of regulatory dependencies between signaling protein and transcription factor activity, from gene expression data. The algorithm uses a novel adaptive partitioning methodology to accurately estimate the full Condition Mutual Information (CMI) between a transcription factor and its targets, given the expression of a signaling protein. We show that CMI analysis is optimally suited to dissecting post-translational dependencies. Indeed, when tested against a gold standard dataset of experimentally validated protein-protein interactions in signal transduction networks, CINDy significantly outperforms previous methods, both in terms of sensitivity and precision.
Quality of approximating a mass-emitting object by a point source in a diffusion model
Creators: name: Peng, Qiyao
name: Hille, Sander C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For the sake of computational efficiency and for theoretical purposes, in mathematical modelling, the Dirac Delta distributions are often utilized as a replacement for cells or vesicles, since the size of cells or vesicles is much smaller than the size of the surrounding tissues. Here, we consider the scenario that the cell or the vesicle releases the diffusive compounds to the immediate environment, which is modelled by the diffusion equation. Typically, one separates the intracellular and extracellular environment and uses homogeneous Neumann boundary condition for the cell boundary (so-called spatial exclusion approach), while the point source approach neglects the intracellular environment. We show that extra conditions are needed such that the solutions to the two approaches are consistent. We prove a necessary and sufficient condition for the consistency. Suggested by the numerical results, we conclude that an initial condition in the form of Gaussian kernel in the point source approach compensates for a time-delay discrepancy between the solutions to the two approaches in the numerical solutions. Various approaches determining optimal amplitude and variance of the Gaussian kernel have been discussed.
In-in and $δN$ calculations of the bispectrum from non-attractor single-field inflation
Creators: name: Chen, Xingang
name: Firouzjahi, Hassan
name: Komatsu, Eiichiro
name: Namjoo, Mohammad Hossein
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In non-attractor single-field inflation models producing a scale-invariant power spectrum, the curvature perturbation on super-horizon scales grows as ${\cal R}\propto a^3$. This is so far the only known class of self-consistent single-field models with a Bunch-Davies initial state that can produce a large squeezed-limit bispectrum violating Maldacena's consistency relation. Given the importance of this result, we calculate the bispectrum with three different methods: using quantum field theory calculations in two different gauges, and classical calculations (the $δN$ formalism). All the results agree, giving the local-form bispectrum parameter of $f^{local}_{NL}=5(1+c_s^2)/(4c_s^2)$. This result is valid for arbitrary values of the speed of sound parameter, $c_s$, for a particular non-attractor model we consider in this paper.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
KI × DH: Zum Umgang mit ML, Transformern und LLMs in der Digitalen Akademie
Creators: name: Steller, Jonatan Jalle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: Digital humanities

description: Das vorliegende Positionspapier verfolgt zwei Ziele. Zum einen soll die Diskussion um ‚KI‘ mit geisteswissenschaftlichem Werkzeug geerdet werden, da der Marketingdiskurs irreführend ist und Anzeichen einer Spekulationsblase aufweist. Zum anderen sollen im vorliegenden Papier die dahinter stehenden Technologien ernst genommen werden, um Leitlinien und konkrete Anwendungsfelder in der Arbeit der Digitalen Akademie als DH-Forschungs- und Praxisabteilung der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz abzuleiten.
Global analysis of the ground-state wrapping conformation of a charged polymer on an oppositely charged nano-sphere
Creators: name: Boroudjerdi, Hoda
name: Naji, Ali
name: Netz, Roland R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the wrapping conformations of a strongly adsorbed polymer chain on an oppositely charged nano-sphere by employing a reduced (dimensionless) representation of a primitive chain-sphere model. This enables us to determine the global phase behavior of the chain conformation in a wide range of values for the system parameters including the chain contour length, its linear charge density and persistence length as well as the nano-sphere charge and radius, and also the salt concentration in the bathing solution. The phase behavior of a charged chain-sphere complex can be described in terms of a few distinct conformational symmetry classes (phases) separated by continuous or discontinuous transition lines which are determined by means of appropriately defined (order) parameters. Our results can be applied to a wide class of strongly coupled polymer-sphere complexes including, for instances, complexes that comprise a mechanically flexible or semiflexible polymer chain or an extremely short or long chain and, as a special case, include the previously studied example of DNA-histone complexes.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
Kinematic Responses to Changes in Walking Orientation and Gravitational Load in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Mendes, Cesar
name: Rajendren, Soumya V.
name: Bartos, Imre
name: Marka, Szabolcs
name: Mann, Richard S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Walking
subject: Insects--Locomotion
subject: Drosophila melanogaster
subject: Entomology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Kinesiology

description: Walking behavior is context-dependent, resulting from the integration of internal and external influences by specialized motor and pre-motor centers. Neuronal programs must be sufficiently flexible to the locomotive challenges inherent in different environments. Although insect studies have contributed substantially to the identification of the components and rules that determine locomotion, we still lack an understanding of how multi-jointed walking insects respond to changes in walking orientation and direction and strength of the gravitational force. In order to answer these questions we measured with high temporal and spatial resolution the kinematic properties of untethered Drosophila during inverted and vertical walking. In addition, we also examined the kinematic responses to increases in gravitational load. We find that animals are capable of shifting their step, spatial and inter-leg parameters in order to cope with more challenging walking conditions. For example, flies walking in an inverted orientation decreased the duration of their swing phase leading to increased contact with the substrate and, as a result, greater stability. We also find that when flies carry additional weight, thereby increasing their gravitational load, some changes in step parameters vary over time, providing evidence for adaptation. However, above a threshold that is between 1 and 2 times their body weight flies display locomotion parameters that suggest they are no longer capable of walking in a coordinated manner. Finally, we find that functional chordotonal organs are required for flies to cope with additional weight, as animals deficient in these proprioceptors display increased sensitivity to load bearing as well as other locomotive defects.
Gromov--Witten theory of Fano orbifold curves, Gamma integral structures and ADE-Toda Hierarchies
Creators: name: Milanov, Todor
name: Shen, Yefeng
name: Tseng, Hsian-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an integrable hierarchy in the form of Hirota quadratic equations (HQE) that governs the Gromov--Witten (GW) invariants of the Fano orbifold projective curve $\mathbb{P}^1_{a_1,a_2,a_3}$. The vertex operators in our construction are given in terms of the $K$-theory of $\mathbb{P}^1_{a_1,a_2,a_3}$ via Iritani's $Γ$-class modification of the Chern character map. We also identify our HQEs with an appropriate Kac--Wakimoto hierarchy of ADE type. In particular, we obtain a generalization of the famous Toda conjecture about the GW invariants of $\mathbb{P}^1$ .
description: v3: 62 pages, 1 figure, major revision: the correspondence under mirror symmetry between Iritani's Gamma-integral structure and the natural integral structure in LG model is proved in the case of $\mathbb{P}^1_{a_1,a_2,a_3}$ and is used to greatly improved the study of root systems; the main result is strengthened; materials in this paper are reorganized; the title of the paper is changed
Coherent Control of Mid-Infrared Frequency Comb by Optical Injection of Near-Infrared Light
Creators: name: Komagata, Kenichi N.
name: Parriaux, Alexandre
name: Bertrand, Mathieu
name: Hillbrand, Johannes
name: Beck, Mattias
name: Wittwer, Valentin J.
name: Faist, Jérôme
name: Südmeyer, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the use of a low power near-infrared laser illuminating the front facet of a quantum cascade laser (QCL) as an optical actuator for the coherent control of a mid-infrared frequency comb. We show that by appropriate current control of the QCL comb and intensity modulation of the near-infrared laser, a tight phase lock of a comb line to a distributed feedback laser is possible with 2 MHz of locking bandwidth and 200 mrad of residual phase noise. A characterization of the whole scheme is provided showing the limits of the electrical actuation which we bypassed using the optical actuation. Both comb degrees of freedom can be locked by performing electrical injection locking of the repetition rate in parallel. However, we show that the QCL acts as a fast near-infrared light detector such that injection locking can also be achieved through modulation of the near-infrared light. These results on the coherent control of a quantum cascade laser frequency comb are particularly interesting for coherent averaging in dual-comb spectroscopy and for mid-infrared frequency comb applications requiring high spectral purity.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; edited author list;
Hierarchical Bayes models for daily rainfall time series at multiple locations from heterogenous data sources
Creators: name: Shirley, Kenneth
name: Vasilaky, Kathryn N.
name: Greatrex, Helen L.
name: Osgood, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Rain and rainfall--Forecasting
subject: Computer simulation
subject: Rain and rainfall--Mathematical models
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Mathematics
subject: Meteorology

description: We estimate a Hierarchical Bayesian models for daily rainfall that incorporates two novelties for estimating spatial and temporal correlations. We estimate the within site time series correlations for a particular rainfall site using multiple data sources at a given location, and we estimate the across site covariance in rainfall based on location distance. Previous rainfall models have captured cross site correlations as a functions of site specific distances, but not within site correlations across multiple data sources, and not both aspects simultaneously. Further, we incorporate information on the technology used (satellite versus rain gauge) in our estimations, which is also a novel addition. This methodology has far reaching applications in providing more accurate and complex weather insurance contracts based combining information from multiple data sources from a single site, a crucial improvement in the face of climate change. Secondly, the modeling extends to many other data contexts where multiple datasources exist for a given event or variable where both within and between series covariances can be estimated over time.
Finite one-loop radiative corrections in the Lorentz- and CPT-violating QED extension
Creators: name: Franco, Daniel H. T.
name: Gomes, André H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on our current progress in the study of finite one-loop radiative corrections in the minimal Lorentz- and CPT-violating QED extension.
description: Presented at the Sixth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, Bloomington, Indiana, June 17-21, 2013
Differential Susceptibility of Human Peripheral Blood T Cells to Suppression by Environmental Levels of Sodium Arsenite and Monomethylarsonous Acid
Creators: name: Burchiel, Scott W.
name: Lauer, Fredine T.
name: Beswick, Ellen J.
name: Gandolfi, A. Jay
name: Parvez, Faruque
name: Liu, Ke Jian
name: Hudson, Laurie G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: T cells
Drinking water--Arsenic content
Arsenic--Toxicology
Medical sciences
Public health
Environmental health

description: Human exposure to arsenic in drinking water is known to contribute to many different health outcomes such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiopulmonary disease. Several epidemiological studies suggest that T cell function is also altered by drinking water arsenic exposure. However, it is unclear how individual responses differ to various levels of exposure to arsenic. Our laboratory has recently identified differential responses of human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (HPMBC) T cells as measured by polyclonal T cell activation by mitogens during sodium arsenite exposure. T cells from certain healthy individuals exposed to various concentrations (1–100 nM) of arsenite in vitro showed a dose-dependent suppression at these extremely low concentrations (∼0.1–10 ppb) of arsenite, whereas other individuals were not suppressed at low concentrations. In a series of more than 30 normal donors, two individuals were found to be sensitive to low concentration (10 nM equivalent ∼1 ppb drinking water exposure) to sodium arsenite-induced inhibition of T cell proliferation produced by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and anti-CD3/anti-CD28. In an arsenite-susceptible individual, arsenite suppressed the activation of Th1 (Tbet) cells, and decreased the percentage of cells in the double positive Th17 (RORγt) and Treg (FoxP3) population. While the majority of normal blood donors tested were not susceptible to inhibition of proliferation at the 1–100 nM concentrations of As+3, it was found that all donors were sensitive to suppression by 100 nM monomethylarsonous acid (MMA+3), a key metabolite of arsenite. Thus, our studies demonstrate for the first time that low ppb-equivalent concentrations of As+3 are immunosuppressive to HPBMC T cells in some individuals, but that most donor HPBMC are sensitive to suppression by MMA+3 at environmentally relevant exposure levels.
Additional file 1 of Barriers to monitoring and management of cardiovascular and metabolic health of patients prescribed antipsychotic drugs: a systematic review
Creators: name: Ali, Ruba Azfr
name: Zahraa Jalal
name: Paudyal, Vibhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary material 1. Literature search strategy. Supplementary material 2. PRISMA check list for the present review. Supplementary material 3. Quality assessment of the selected studies.
Bias Due to Sample Selection in Propensity Score Matching for a Supportive Housing Program Evaluation in New York City
Creators: name: Lim, Sungwoo
name: Marcus, Sue M.
name: Singh, Tejinder P.
name: Harris, Tiffany G.
name: Seligson, Amber Levanon
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Congregate housing
subject: Prejudices
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Biometry
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Objectives
Little is known about influences of sample selection on estimation in propensity score matching. The purpose of the study was to assess potential selection bias using one-to-one greedy matching versus optimal full matching as part of an evaluation of supportive housing in New York City (NYC).

Study Design and Settings
Data came from administrative data for 2 groups of applicants who were eligible for an NYC supportive housing program in 2007–09, including chronically homeless adults with a substance use disorder and young adults aging out of foster care. We evaluated the 2 matching methods in their ability to balance covariates and represent the original population, and in how those methods affected outcomes related to Medicaid expenditures.

Results
In the population with a substance use disorder, only optimal full matching performed well in balancing covariates, whereas both methods created representative populations. In the young adult population, both methods balanced covariates effectively, but only optimal full matching created representative populations. In the young adult population, the impact of the program on Medicaid expenditures was attenuated when one-to-one greedy matching was used, compared with optimal full matching.

Conclusion
Given covariate balancing with both methods, attenuated program impacts in the young adult population indicated that one-to-one greedy matching introduced selection bias.