cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Tutorial about Random Neural Networks in Supervised Learning
Creators: name: Basterrech, Sebastián
name: Rubino, Gerardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Random Neural Networks (RNNs) are a class of Neural Networks (NNs) that can also be seen as a specific type of queuing network. They have been successfully used in several domains during the last 25 years, as queuing networks to analyze the performance of resource sharing in many engineering areas, as learning tools and in combinatorial optimization, where they are seen as neural systems, and also as models of neurological aspects of living beings. In this article we focus on their learning capabilities, and more specifically, we present a practical guide for using the RNN to solve supervised learning problems. We give a general description of these models using almost indistinctly the terminology of Queuing Theory and the neural one. We present the standard learning procedures used by RNNs, adapted from similar well-established improvements in the standard NN field. We describe in particular a set of learning algorithms covering techniques based on the use of first order and, then, of second order derivatives. We also discuss some issues related to these objects and present new perspectives about their use in supervised learning problems. The tutorial describes their most relevant applications, and also provides a large bibliography.
description: This paper is a draft of an article to be published in Neural Network World
title: ”Raman, you have come out and we will reach the end.”. Belarusian Local Communities in the Face of State Violence
Creators: name: Minchenia, Alena
Publisher: name: ZZF - Centre for Contemporary History: Zeitgeschichte online
Year: 2020

description: “I am going out” was the last message sent by Raman Bandarenka to a Telegram chat uniting people from his neighbourhood in Minsk. In the evening of November12th, he went down to his courtyard, known by protesters as the Square of Changes. The Square of Changes appeared in Minsk in the beginning of September 2020 to support initiatives of a local community in times of political contestation. Raman went down to protect a fence decoration made from white-red-white ribbons that became a target for a group of unknown men in masks and sportive clothing. To watch over protest symbols installed in their Square of Changes became a routine action for the locals. Their neighbour, Stsiapan Latypau, was detained in September in somewhat similar circumstances: he was asking men in masks to introduce themselves and to explain their reason for destroying a graffiti, a symbol of the Square of Changes. This time, Raman was beaten up in the same courtyard, then put in a blue van, and taken to the police station. The next day he died in a hospital from the received traumas. All elements of this story – anonymous men in civic clothing who seem to have the carte blanche to brutal violence, blue vans without a registration number, write-red-white ribbons, alternative names to cities’ places, and local chats – are the symbols of the ongoing Belarusian protests.
Gradient estimates for a nonlinear parabolic equation with Dirichlet boundary condition
Creators: name: Fu, Xuenan
name: Wu, Jia-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we prove Souplet-Zhang type gradient estimates for a nonlinear parabolic equation on smooth metric measure spaces with the compact boundary under the Dirichlet boundary condition when the Bakry-Emery Ricci tensor and the weighted mean curvature are both bounded below. As an application, we obtain a new Liouville type result for some space-time functions on such smooth metric measure spaces. These results generalize previous linear equations to a nonlinear case.
description: 12 pages, accepted by Kodai Math. J
Universal gate operations on nuclear spin qubits in an optical tweezer array of $^{171}$Yb atoms
Creators: name: Ma, Shuo
name: Burgers, Alex P
name: Liu, Genyue
name: Wilson, Jack
name: Zhang, Bichen
name: Thompson, Jeff D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutral atom arrays are a rapidly developing platform for quantum science. In this work, we demonstrate a universal set of quantum gate operations on a new type of neutral atom qubit: a nuclear spin in an alkaline earth-like atom (AEA), $^{171}$Yb. We present techniques for cooling, trapping and imaging using a newly discovered magic trapping wavelength at $λ= 486.78$ nm. We implement qubit initialization, readout, and single-qubit gates, and observe long qubit lifetimes, $T_1 \approx 20$ s and $T^*_2 = 1.24(5)$ s, and a single-qubit operation fidelity $\mathcal{F}_{1Q} = 0.99959(6)$. We also demonstrate two-qubit entangling gates using the Rydberg blockade, as well as coherent control of these gate operations using light shifts on the Yb$^+$ ion core transition at 369 nm. These results are a significant step towards highly coherent quantum gates in AEA tweezer arrays.
Genome Selection for Grape Seedlessness
Creators: name: Wang, Xu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The compressed files contain numerous essential files, scripts, and output results, such as: Reference genome CS_withmtpt.fa ("./0reference/CSwithmtpt.sort.fa") VCF files for 444 training samples ("./1gwas_oversign/444_geno0.2gq20maf0.05hwe1e-5.vcf.gz") Significant trait-associated SNP/InDel for 794 sites ("./2model_selected/794snp.indel.txt"") Phenotype data for 444 training samples ("./2model_selected/0training_phenotype.txt") Missing data imputation tool ("./2model_selected/beagle.21Apr21.304.jar") Scripts for evaluating model accuracy through various models ("./2model_selected/0python_gs00.py") Imputed VCF files for 486 samples ("./3predict_sample/vcf_merge\486_merge.beagle.gz") Script for genome prediction using the best model ("./3predict_sample/0gs_prediction.py") ... Contact: Xu Wang (571720850@qq.com)
Enhanced plasmonic coloring of silver and formation of large laser-induced periodic surface structures using multi-burst picosecond pulses
Creators: name: Guay, J. -M.
name: Lesina, A. Calà
name: Baxter, J.
name: Charron, M.
name: Côté, G.
name: Ramunno, L.
name: Berini, P.
name: Weck, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the creation of angle-independent colors on silver using closely time-spaced laser bursts. The use of burst mode, compared to traditional non-burst is shown to increase the Chroma (color saturation) by ~50% and to broaden the lightness range by up to ~60%. Scanning electron microscope analysis of the surfaces created using burst mode, reveal the creation of 3 distinct sets of laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS): low spatial frequency LIPSS (LSFL), high spatial frequency LIPSS (HSFL) and large laser-induced periodic surface structures (LLIPSS) that are 10 times the laser wavelength and parallel to the laser polarization. Nanoparticles are responsible for each plasmonic color and their distributions are observed to be similar for both burst and non-burst modes, indicating that the underlying structures (i.e. LIPSSs) are responsible for the increased Chroma and Lightness. Two-temperature model simulations of silver irradiated by laser bursts show significant increase in the electron-phonon coupling coefficient which is crucial for the creation of well-defined ripple structures. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations of the colored surfaces show the increase in Chroma to be attributable to the HSFL arising in burst mode.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Self-induced consensus of Reddit users to characterise the GameStop short squeeze
Creators: name: Mancini, Anna
name: Desiderio, Antonio
name: Di Clemente, Riccardo
name: Cimini, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The short squeeze of GameStop (GME) shares in mid-January 2021 has been primarily orchestrated by retail investors of the Reddit r/wallstreetbets community. As such, it represents a paramount example of collective coordination action on social media, resulting in large-scale consensus formation and significant market impact. In this work we characterise the structure and time evolution of Reddit conversation data, showing that the occurrence and sentiment of GME-related comments (representing how much users are engaged with GME) increased significantly much before the short squeeze actually took place. Taking inspiration from these early warnings as well as evidence from previous literature, we introduce a model of opinion dynamics where user engagement can trigger a self-reinforcing mechanism leading to the emergence of consensus, which in this particular case is associated to the success of the short squeeze operation. Analytical solutions and model simulations on interaction networks of Reddit users feature a phase transition from heterogeneous to homogeneous opinions as engagement grows, which we qualitatively compare to the sudden hike of GME stock price. Although the model cannot be validated with available data, it offers a possible and minimal interpretation for the increasingly important phenomenon of self-organized collective actions taking place on social networks.
QSWalk: a Mathematica package for quantum stochastic walks on arbitrary graphs
Creators: name: Falloon, Peter E.
name: Rodriguez, Jeremy
name: Wang, Jingbo B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Mathematica package, QSWalk, to simulate the time evaluation of Quantum Stochastic Walks (QSWs) on arbitrary directed and weighted graphs. QSWs are a generalization of continuous time quantum walks that incorporate both coherent and incoherent dynamics and as such, include both quantum walks and classical random walks as special cases. The incoherent component allows for quantum walks along directed graph edges. The dynamics of QSWs are expressed using the Lindblad formalism, originally developed for open quantum systems, which frames the problem in the language of density matrices. For a QSW on a graph of $N$ vertices, we have a sparse superoperator in an $N^2$-dimensional space, which can be solved efficiently using the built-in MatrixExp function in Mathematica. We illustrate the use of the QSWalk package through several example case studies.
description: The QSWalk package has been submitted to Computer Physics Communications for publication
Ballistic edge states in Bismuth nanowires revealed by SQUID interferometry
Creators: name: Murani, Anil
name: Kasumov, Alik
name: Sengupta, Shamashis
name: Kasumov, Yu. A.
name: Volkov, V. T.
name: Khodos, I. I.
name: Brisset, F.
name: Delagrange, Raphaëlle
name: Chepelianskii, Alexei
name: Deblock, Richard
name: Bouchiat, Hélène
name: Guéron, Sophie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-orbit interactions are known to have drastic effects on the band structure of heavy-element-based materials. Celebrated examples are the recently identified 3D and 2D topological insulators. In those systems transport takes place at surfaces or along edges, and spin-momentum locking provides protection against (non-magnetic) impurity scattering, favoring spin-polarized ballistic transport. We have used the measurement of the current phase relation of a micrometer-long single crystal bismuth nanowire connected to superconducting electrodes, to demonstrate that transport occurs ballistically along two edges of this high-spin-orbit material. In addition, we show that a magnetic field can induce to 0-pi transitions and phi0-junction behavior, thanks to the extraordinarily high g-factor and spin orbit coupling in this system, providing a way to manipulate the phase of the supercurrent-carrying edge states.
description: Includes main text and supplementary materials
Recovering Photon Spectra from Simulated IMPRESS Data
Creators: name: Skinner, Evan
name: Glesener, Lindsay
name: Gebre-Egziabher, Demoz
name: Setterberg, William
name: Clemmer, Lestat
name: Hildebrandt, Kate
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The Impulsive Phase Rapid Energetic Solar Spectrometer (IMPRESS) is an NSF-funded 3U CubeSat under development at the University of Minnesota SmallSat Research Laboratory in collaboration with Montana State University, Southwest Research Institute, and UC Santa Cruz. The objective of the IMPRESS mission is to perform X-ray spectroscopy of both hard and soft X-rays produced during solar flares. From the results of this X-ray spectroscopy, we will explore constraints on flare acceleration timescales and demonstrate the utility of our high-energy radiation detector. To analyze the spectra of X-rays taken by IMPRESS, we will need to reconstruct the physical photon spectra emitted by the solar flares from the measured photon counts. This can be done by performing statistical fits of the spectra of photon counts created by our X-ray spectrometers, which will require knowledge of the specific detector response. By employing the spectral fitting software SunXspex, as well as Geant4 for simulating the IMPRESS spectral response, we gauge our capability to reconstruct the initial photon spectra, the results of which will be presented in this poster.
description: Poster presented at AGU Fall Meeting 2022
Confinement, NonAbelian monopoles, and 2D CP(N-1) model on the worldsheet of finite-length strings
Creators: name: Konishi, Kenichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quark confinement is proposed to be a dual Meissner effect of nonAbelian kind. Important hints come from physics of strongly-coupled infrared-fixed-point theories in N=2 supersymmetric QCD, which turn into confining vacua under a small relevant perturbation. The quest for the semiclassical origin of the nonAbelian monopoles, ubiquitous as the infrared degrees of freedom in supersymmetric gauge theories, motivates us to study the quantum dynamics of 2D CP(N-1)model defined on a finite-width worldstrip, with various boundary conditions. The model is found to possess a unique phase ("confinement phase"), independent of the length of the string, showing the quantum persistence of the nonAbelian monopole.
description: Latex 14 pages 4 figures
Tendencias y Evolución de las Ciencias Aeronáuticas: Un análisis Bibliométrico
Creators: name: Montalvan-Burbano, Nestor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Bibliometrics
Aeronautics
Bibliometric Mapping
Co-ocurrence

description: At the conference, the intellectual structure of aeronautical sciences was established in the period 1875 - 2018, allowing the understanding of its scientific production, international collaboration, and current trends in the field of study. The results showed that aeronautical sciences comprise 27 areas, distributed in 112,858 documents written by 131 countries. The bibliometric mapping revealed 10 thematic groups in 167 topics, which allow us to identify current and future topics of aeronautical research. En la conferencia se estableció la estructura intelectual de las ciencias aeronáuticas en el periodo 1875 – 2018 permitiendo comprender su producción científica, colaboración internacional y tendencias actuales del campo de estudio. Los resultados mostraron que las ciencias aeronáuticas comprenden 27 áreas, distribuidos en 112,858 documentos escritos por 131 países. El mapeo bibliométrico revelo 10 grupos temáticos en 167 tópicos, que permiten identificar tópicos actuales y futuros de la investigación aeronáutica.
description: {"references": ["Andr\u00e9s, A. (2009). Measuring Academic Research. How to undertake a bibliometric study. Chandos Publishing. Oxford: Chandos Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-84334-528-2.05010-5", "do Prado, J. W., de Castro Alc\u00e2ntara, V., de Melo Carvalho, F., Vieira, K. C., Machado, L. K. C., & Tonelli, D. F. (2016). Multivariate analysis of credit risk and bankruptcy research data: a bibliometric study involving different knowledge fields (1968\u20132014). Scientometrics, 106(3), 1007\u20131029. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1829-6", "L\u00f3pez-Fern\u00e1ndez, M. C., Serrano-Bedia, A. M., & P\u00e9rez-P\u00e9rez, M. (2016). Entrepreneurship and Family Firm Research: A Bibliometric Analysis of An Emerging Field. Journal of Small Business Management, 54(2), 622\u2013639. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12161", "Merig\u00f3, J. M., Blanco-Mesa, F., Gil-Lafuente, A. M., & Yager, R. R. (2017). Thirty Years of the International Journal of Intelligent Systems\u202f: A Bibliometric Review. International Journal of Intelligent Systems, 32(5), 526\u2013554. https://doi.org/10.1002/int.21859", "Noyons, E. C. M., Moed, H. F., & Van Raan, A. F. J. (1999). Integrating research performance analysis and science mapping. Scientometrics, 46(3), 591\u2013604. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02459614", "Price, D. D. S. (1963). Little Science , Big Science. New York: Columbia University Press.", "Razo, J. (2012). Introduction to Aeronautics, Delhi: Orange Apple Publishers"]}
A chemo-kinematical study of the Southern galactic bulge
Creators: name: SImion, Iulia T.
name: Johnson, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Milky Way
bulge
stars
kinematics

description: The Blanco DECam survey (BDBS) provides a large approximatively 2.6 million RC stars with photometric metallicities and Gaia DR3 proper motions. We investigate the trends of velocity dispersion and vertex deviation with metallicity across the Southern bulge and compare them with N-body simulations.
Minimal embedding of the Standard Model into intersecting D-brane configurations with a bulk leptonic $U(1)$
Creators: name: Antoniadis, Ignatios
name: Rondeau, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently shown that the discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental values of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon can be fully accommodated by considering the contribution of few Kaluza-Klein (KK) states of the gauged lepton number with masses lighter than the LEP energy, consistently with present experimental limits. In this article, we construct the minimal embedding of the Standard Model (SM) into D-brane configurations with a gauged lepton number. In order to give rise to such KK modes, the lepton number gauge boson must live on an abelian $U(1)_L$ brane extended along at least one "large" extra dimension in the bulk, with a compactification scale $M_L\sim\mathcal{O}(10-10^2~{\rm GeV})$ for a string scale $M_s\sim 10~{\rm TeV}$. As a consequence, $U(1)_L$ cannot participate to the hypercharge linear combination. We show that the minimal realisation of this framework contains five stacks of branes: the SM color $U(3)_c$, weak $U(2)_w$ and abelian $U(1)$ stacks extended effectively only in four dimensions, the bulk $U(1)_L$, as well as a fifth $U(1)^{'}$ brane. With these five abelian factors, one finds besides the hypercharge a second anomaly-free linear combination which does not couple to the SM spectrum, both in the non-supersymmetric case as well as in the minimal supersymmetric extension of the model. It is also shown how the right-handed neutrino can be implemented in the spectrum, and how fermions arising from the two non-SM branes and coupled to the SM through the $U(1)_L$ KK modes can provide Dark Matter candidates. Finally, the possibility of breaking Lepton Flavour Universality is studied by replacing $U(1)_L$ with a brane gauging only the muonic lepton number, avoiding most experimental constraints and enlarging the parameter space for explaining the discrepancy on the muon magnetic moment.
description: 20 pages. Published version
Manifestations of the rotation and gravity of the Earth in high-energy physics experiments
Creators: name: Obukhov, Yuri N.
name: Silenko, Alexander J.
name: Teryaev, Oleg V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inertial (due to rotation) and gravitational fields of the Earth affect the motion of an elementary particle and its spin dynamics. This influence is not negligible and should be taken into account in high-energy physics experiments. Earth's influence is manifest in perturbations in the particle motion, in an additional precession of the spin, and in a change of the constitutive tensor of the Maxwell electrodynamics. Bigger corrections are oscillatory, and their contributions average to zero. Other corrections due to the inhomogeneity of the inertial field are not oscillatory but they are very small and may be important only for the storage ring electric dipole moment experiments. Earth's gravity causes the Newton-like force, the reaction force provided by a focusing system, and additional torques acting on the spin. However, there are no observable indications of the electromagnetic effects due to Earth's gravity.
description: 13 pages, Revtex
GTnum PERSEUS #InteractionHybridation - Hybridation physique-numérique
Creators: name: Kubicki, Sébastien
name: Hachet, Martin
name: Bertolo, David
name: Voillot, Marion
name: Fleck, Stéphanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Hybridation physique-numérique
Hybridation embarquée
Hybridation par jumelage
#GTnum
DNE

description: Bulletin de veille qui présente les différentes formes d'hybridation physique-numérique (embarquée et par jumelage).
description: Les groupes thématiques numériques (GTnum) sont coordonnés par la Direction du numérique pour l'éducation du Ministère de l'Education nationale et de la Jeunesse. Les GTnum ont pour objectif de mettre à disposition des équipes éducatives, de façon accessible et ouverte, un état de la recherche sur quelques grandes thématiques relatives au numérique dans l'éducation. Financeur du projet:« Ministère de l'Éducation nationale et de la Jeunesse»
Tigers vs Lions: Towards Characterizing Solitary and Group User Behavior in MMORPG
Creators: name: Kim, Juhoon
name: Chatzis, Nikolaos
name: Siebke, Matthias
name: Feldmann, Anja
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
subject: MMORPG
subject: traffic behavior
subject: user behavior

description: The development of Internet technologies enables software developers to build virtual worlds such as Massively Multi-Player Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs). The population of such games shows super-linear growing tendency. It is estimated that the number of Internet users subscribed in MMORPGs is more than 22 million worldwide [1]. However, only little is known about the characteristics of traffic generated by such games as well as the behavior of their subscribers. In this paper, we characterize the traffic behavior of World of Warcraft, the most subscribed MMORPG in the world, by analyzing Internet traffic data sets collected from a European tier-1 ISP in two different time periods. We find that World of Warcraft is an influential application regarding the time spent by users (1.76 and 4.17 Hours/day on average in our measurement), while its traffic share is comparatively low (< 1%). In this respect, we look at the World of Warcraft subscriber’s gaming behavior by categorizing them into two different types of users (solitary users and group users) and compare these two groups in relation to the playing behavior (duration as the metric) and the in-game behavior (distance as the metric).
Enhancing fiber atom interferometer by in-fiber laser cooling
Creators: name: Wang, Yu
name: Chai, Shijie
name: Billotte, Thomas
name: Chen, Zilong
name: Xin, Mingjie
name: Leong, Wui Seng
name: Amrani, Foued
name: Debord, Benoit
name: Benabid, Fetah
name: Lan, Shau-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate an inertia sensitive atom interferometer optically guided inside a 22-cm-long negative curvature hollow-core photonic crystal fiber with an interferometer time of 20 ms. The result prolongs the previous fiber guided atom interferometer time by three orders of magnitude. The improvement arises from the realization of in-fiber Λ-enhanced gray molasses and delta-kick cooling to cool atoms from 32 μK to below 1 μK in 4 ms. The in-fiber cooling overcomes the inevitable heating during the atom loading process and allows a shallow guiding optical potential to minimize decoherence. Our results permit bringing atoms close to source fields for sensing and could lead to compact inertial quantum sensors with a sub-millimeter resolution.
The re-flight of the Colorado high-resolution Echelle stellar spectrograph (CHESS): improvements, calibrations, and post-flight results
Creators: name: Hoadley, Keri
name: France, Kevin
name: Kruczek, Nicholas
name: Fleming, Brian
name: Nell, Nicholas
name: Kane, Robert
name: Swanson, Jack
name: Green, James
name: Erickson, Nicholas
name: Wilson, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this proceeding, we describe the scientific motivation and technical development of the Colorado High-resolution Echelle Stellar Spectrograph (CHESS), focusing on the hardware advancements and testing supporting the second flight of the payload (CHESS-2). CHESS is a far ultraviolet (FUV) rocket-borne instrument designed to study the atomic-to-molecular transitions within translucent cloud regions in the interstellar medium (ISM). CHESS is an objective f/12.4 echelle spectrograph with resolving power $>$ 100,000 over the band pass 1000 $-$ 1600 Å. The spectrograph was designed to employ an R2 echelle grating with "low" line density. We compare the FUV performance of experimental echelle etching processes (lithographically by LightSmyth, Inc. and etching via electron-beam technology by JPL Microdevices Laboratory) with traditional, mechanically-ruled gratings (Bach Research, Inc. and Richardson Gratings). The cross-dispersing grating, developed and ruled by Horiba Jobin-Yvon, is a holographically-ruled, "low" line density, powered optic with a toroidal surface curvature. Both gratings were coated with aluminum and lithium fluoride (Al+LiF) at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). Results from final efficiency and reflectivity measurements for the optical components of CHESS-2 are presented. CHESS-2 utilizes a 40mm-diameter cross-strip anode readout microchannel plate (MCP) detector fabricated by Sensor Sciences, Inc., to achieve high spatial resolution with high count rate capabilities (global rates $>$ 1 MHz). We present pre-flight laboratory spectra and calibration results. CHESS-2 launched on 21 February 2016 aboard NASA/CU sounding rocket mission 36.297 UG. We observed the intervening ISM material along the sightline to $ε$ Per and present initial characterization of the column densities, temperature, and kinematics of atomic and molecular species in the observation.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures, to be submitted to SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2016 (9905-138)
Lifetime vs. rate capability: Understanding the role of FEC and VC in high-energy Li-ion batteries with nano-silicon anodes
Creators: name: Jaumann, Tony
name: Balach, Juan
name: Langklotz, Ulrike
name: Sauchuk, Viktar
name: Fritsch, Marco
name: Michaelis, Alexander
name: Teltevskij, Valerij
name: Mikhailova, Daria
name: Oswald, Steffen
name: Klose, Markus
name: Stephani, Guenter
name: Hauser, Ralf
name: Eckert, Jürgen
name: Giebeler, Lars
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: FEC
subject: Li-ion battery
subject: Silicon anode
subject: VC
subject: 333.7
subject: 624

description: Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and vinylene carbonate (VC) are the most frequently used electrolyte components to enhance the lifetime of anode materials in Li-ion batteries, but for silicon it is still ambiguous when FEC or VC is more beneficial. Herein, a nanostructured silicon/carbon anode derived from low-cost HSiCl3 is tailored by the rational choice of the electrolyte component, to obtain an anode material outperforming current complex silicon structures. We demonstrate highly reversible areal capacities of up to 5 mA h/cm2 at 4.4 mg/cm2 mass loading, a specific capacity of 1280 mA h/gElectrode, a capacity retention of 81% after 500 deep-discharge cycles versus lithium metal and successful full-cell tests with high-voltage cathodes meeting the requirements for real application. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and post-mortem investigation provide new insights in tailoring the interfacial properties of silicon-based anodes for high performance anode materials based on an alloying mechanism with large volume changes. The role of fluorine in the FEC-derived interfacial layer is discussed in comparison with the VC-derived layer and possible degradation mechanisms are proposed. We believe that this study gives a valuable understanding and provides new strategies on the facile use of additives for highly reversible silicon anodes in Li-ion batteries.
An Algebraic Approach to Timed Petri Nets with Applications to Communication Networks
Creators: name: Lingnau, Pascal
name: Gabriel, Karsten
name: Modica, Tony
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
subject: place/transition nets
subject: timed petri nets
subject: communication networks

description: In this report, we define a formalism for a time-extension to algebraic place/transition (P/T) nets. This allows time durations to be assigned to the transitions of a P/T net, representing delays present in the systems that are being modelled, which in turn influence (restrict) the firing behaviour of the nets. This is especially useful when modelling time-dependent systems. The new contribution of this approach is the definition of categories for the timed net classes of timed P/T nets, timed P/T systems and timed P/T states. Moreover, we define functorial relations between these categories as well as functorial relations to categories of untimed P/T nets and systems. The first main result is the formalisation of morphisms for all three net classes that preserve firing behaviour. The second main result is the equivalence of the categories of timed P/T systems and states, establishing a relation between structurally identical nets with a time offset. As a third main result we formalise structuring techniques for timed P/T nets and show that timed P/T nets fit in the framework of M-adhesive categories.
Dip-hump temperature dependence of Specific Heat and Effects of Pairing Fluctuations in the Weak-coupling Side of a $p$-wave Interacting Fermi Gas
Creators: name: Inotani, Daisuke
name: van Wyk, Pieter
name: Ohashi, Yoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the specific heat $C_V$ at constant volume in the normal state of a $p$-wave interacting Fermi gas. Including $p$-wave pairing fluctuations within the strong-coupling theory developed by Nozières and Schmitt-Rink, we show that, in the weak-coupling side, $C_V$ exhibits a dip-hump behavior as a function of the temperature. While the dip is associated with the pseudogap phenomenon near $T_{\rm c}$, the hump structure is found to come from the suppression of Fermi quasiparticle scattering into a $p$-wave molecular state in the Fermi degenerate regime. Since the latter phenomenon does not occur in the ordinary $s$-wave interacting Fermi gas, it may be viewed as a characteristic phenomenon associated with a $p$-wave pairing interaction.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Restricting the parameter space of Type-II Two Higgs Doublet Models with CP violation
Creators: name: Frank, Mariana
name: Fuakye, Eric Gyabeng
name: Toharia, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the parameter space of the type-II two-Higgs-doublet model with softly broken Z2 symmetry, allowing for CP violation in the scalar potential. Imposing theory-motivated and experimentally-driven constraints, we show that as the CP-violating phases are increased, only small regions of parameter space survive, including regions slightly away from the alignment limit. Electroweak oblique parameters and electric dipole moments emerge as most restrictive constraints. We show that imposing these constraints (as well as theoretical bounds such as perturbativity) the masses of the charged and heavy neutral Higgs, unlike in the CP conserving case, are bound from above and below. In particular, the heavy neutral Higgs masses are almost degenerate. In this parameter space region we highlight the relevant decay signals of the heavy neutral Higgs, involving both Zh and WW=ZZ, indicative of CP violation in the model.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
Large-scale focusing joint inversion of gravity and magnetic data with Gramian constraint
Creators: name: Vatankhah, Saeed
name: Renaut, Rosemary A.
name: Huang, Xingguo
name: Mickus, Kevin
name: Gharloghi, Mostafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F10

description: A fast algorithm for the large-scale joint inversion of gravity and magnetic data is developed. It uses a nonlinear Gramian constraint to impose correlation between density and susceptibility of reconstructed models. The global objective function is formulated in the space of the weighted parameters, but the Gramian constraint is implemented in the original space, and the nonlinear constraint is imposed using two separate Lagrange parameters, one for each model domain. This combined approach provides more similarity between the reconstructed models. It is assumed that the measured data are obtained on a uniform grid and that a consistent regular discretization of the volume domain is imposed. The sensitivity matrices exhibit a block Toeplitz Toeplitz block structure for each depth layer of the model domain. Forward and transpose operations with the matrices can be implemented efficiently using two dimensional fast Fourier transforms. This makes it feasible to solve for large scale problems with respect to both computational costs and memory demands, and to solve the nonlinear problem by applying iterative methods that rely only on matrix vector multiplications. As such, the use of the regularized reweighted conjugate gradient algorithm, in conjunction with the structure of the sensitivity matrices, leads to a fast methodology for large-scale joint inversion of geophysical data sets. Numerical simulations demonstrate that it is possible to apply a nonlinear joint inversion algorithm, with $L_p$-norm stabilisers, for the reconstruction of large model domains on a standard laptop computer. It is demonstrated, that the p=1 choice provides sparse reconstructed solutions with sharp boundaries, and $p=2$ provides smooth and blurred models. Gravity and magnetic data obtained over an area in northwest of Mesoproterozoic St. Francois Terrane, southeast of Missouri, USA are inverted.
Corrosion Fatigue Studies on a Bulk Glassy Zr-Based Alloy under Three-Point Bending
Creators: name: Grell, Daniel
name: Wilkin, Yannic
name: Gostin, Petre F.
name: Gebert, Annett
name: Kerscher, Eberhard
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Bulk amorphous alloys
subject: Corrosion fatigue
subject: Fracture
subject: Mechanical characterization
subject: Shear bands
subject: 620

description: Corrosion fatigue (CF) tests were carried out on bulk glassy Zr52.5Cu17.9Al10Ni14.6Ti5 (Vitreloy 105) samples under load-controlled three-point bending conditions with a load ratio of R = 0.1 in 0.01 M Na2SO4 + 0.01 M NaCl electrolyte. During cyclic testing, the bar-shaped specimens were polarized in situ at constant potentials and the current was monitored. Three different anodic potentials within the interval between the pitting potential EP and the repassivation potential ER and three different load amplitudes were applied. In some cases, in situ microscopic observations revealed the formation of black corrosion products in the vicinity of the crack tip during anodic polarization. Fractographic analysis revealed a clear distinction between two modes of crack growth characterized by smooth dissolution induced regions on the one hand and slim fast fracture areas on the other hand. Both alternating features contributed to a broad-striated CF fracture surface. Moreover, further fatigue tests were carried out under free corrosion conditions yielding additional information on crack initiation and crack propagation period by means of the open circuit potential (OCP) changes. Thereby, a slight increase in OCP was detected after rupture of the passive layer due to bare metal exposed to the electrolyte. The electrochemical response increased continuously according to stable crack propagation until fracture occurred. Finally, the fracture surfaces of the CF samples were investigated by energy dispersive X-ray with the objective of analyzing the elemental distribution after anodic dissolution. Interestingly, anodic polarization at a near repassivation potential of −50 mV vs. saturated calomel electrode (SCE), which commands a constant electric potential of E = 0.241 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), led to favorable effects on the fatigue lifetime. In conclusion, all results are conflated to a CF model for bulk glassy Vitreloy 105 under anodic polarization in chloride-containing electrolyte and compared to the previously proposed stress corrosion mechanisms under similar conditions. © 2017 Grell, Wilkin, Gostin, Gebert and Kerscher.
Anoura geoffroyi Gray 1838
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Anoura
Anoura geoffroyi

description: Anoura geoffroyi Gray, 1838. Mag. Zool. Bot., 2:490. REVIEWED BY: B. Villa-Ramirez (BVR). TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro. DISTRIBUTION: Peru, Bolivia, N.W. Argentina, S. E. Brazil, French Guiana and Surinam to S. Tamaulipas and N. Sinaloa (Mexico); Trinidad; Grenada (Lesser Antilles). COMMENT: Includes apollinari; see Sanborn, 1933, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ. Ser. Zool., 20:26. ISIS NUMBER: 5301405008015004001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Chiroptera, pp. 111-215 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 150, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352990
description: {"references": ["Sanborn, C. C. 1933. Bats of the genera Anoura and Lonchoglossa. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 20: 23 - 28."]}
Succinct Differentiation of Disparate Boosting Ensemble Learning Methods for Prognostication of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Diagnosis
Creators: name: Gupta, Abhishek
name: Shetty, Sannidhi
name: Joshi, Raunak
name: Laban, Ronald Melwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Prognostication of medical problems using the clinical data by leveraging the Machine Learning techniques with stellar precision is one of the most important real world challenges at the present time. Considering the medical problem of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome also known as PCOS is an emerging problem in women aged from 15 to 49. Diagnosing this disorder by using various Boosting Ensemble Methods is something we have presented in this paper. A detailed and compendious differentiation between Adaptive Boost, Gradient Boosting Machine, XGBoost and CatBoost with their respective performance metrics highlighting the hidden anomalies in the data and its effects on the result is something we have presented in this paper. Metrics like Confusion Matrix, Precision, Recall, F1 Score, FPR, RoC Curve and AUC have been used in this paper.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, Published in the Proceedings of IEEE 2021 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication and Control (ICAC3'21) 7th Edition
Single variant bottleneck in the early dynamics of H. influenzae bacteremia in neonatal rats questions the theory of independent action
Creators: name: Shao, Xinxian
name: Levin, Bruce R.
name: Nemenman, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: There is an abundance of information about the genetic basis, physiological and molecular mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis. In contrast, relatively little is known about population dynamic processes, by which bacteria colonize hosts and invade tissues and cells and thereby cause disease. In an article published in 1978, Moxon and Murphy presented evidence that, when inoculated intranasally with a mixture streptomycin sensitive and resistant (Sm$^S$ and Sm$^R$) and otherwise isogenic stains of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), neonatal rats develop a bacteremic infection that often is dominated by only one strain, Sm$^S$ or Sm$^R$. After rulling out other possibilities through years of related experiments, the field seems to have settled on a plausible explanation for this phenomenon: the first bacterium to invade the host activates the host immune response that `shuts the door' on the second invading strain. To explore this hypothesis in a necessarily quantitative way, we modeled this process with a set of mixed stochastic and deterministic differential equations. Our analysis of the properties of this model with realistic parameters suggests that this hypothesis cannot explain the experimental results of Moxon and Murphy, and in particular the observed relationship between the frequency of different types of blood infections (bacteremias) and the inoculum size. We propose modifications to the model that come closer to explaining these data. However, the modified and better fitting model contradicts the common theory of independent action of individual bacteria in establishing infections. We discuss the implications of these results.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Competition between Barrier- and Entropy-Driven Activation in Glasses
Creators: name: Carbone, Matthew R.
name: Baity-Jesi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In simplified models of glasses we clarify the existence of two different kinds of activated dynamics, which coexist, with one of the two dominating over the other. One is the energy barrier hopping that is typically used to picture activation, and the other one, which we call entropic activation, is driven by the scarcity of convenient directions. When entropic activation dominates, the height of the energy barriers is no longer the decisive to describe the system's slowdown. In our analysis, dominance of one mechanism over the other depends on the shape of the density of states and temperature. We also find that at low temperatures a phase transition between the two kinds of activation can occur. Our framework can be used to harmonize the facilitation and thermodynamic pictures of the slowdown of glasses.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Serrated flow of CuZr-based bulk metallic glasses probed by nanoindentation: Role of the activation barrier, size and distribution of shear transformation zones
Creators: name: Limbach, R.
name: Kosiba, K.
name: Pauly, S.
name: Kühn, U.
name: Wondraczek, L.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Metallic glass
subject: Nanoindentation
subject: Shear transformation zone
subject: Strain-rate sensitivity
subject: 660
subject: 670

description: We report on the effect of Al and Co alloying in vitreous Cu50Zr50 on local deformation and serrated flow as a model for relating the size and localization of shear transformation zones (STZ) to Poisson ratio and strain-rate sensitivity of metallic glasses. Alloying with Al results in significant variations in mechanical performance, in particular, in Young's modulus, hardness and strain-rate sensitivity. Increasing strain-rate sensitivity with increasing degree of alloying indicates a reduced tendency for shear localization. In parallel, a gradual transition from inhomogeneous to homogeneous plastic flow is observed. Using a statistical analysis of the shear stress associated with the initiation of the first pop-in in the load-displacement curve during spherical indentation, the activation volume for plastic flow at the onset of yielding is reported. This analysis is employed for experimental evaluation of the compositional dependence of activation barrier, size and distribution of STZs. It is demonstrated that the STZ size does not change significantly upon Al alloying and encompasses a local volume of around 22–24 atoms. However, the barrier energy density for the initiation of a single STZ progressively increases. The broader distribution of STZs impedes their accumulation into larger-size flow units, leading to a lower number and reduced size of serrations in the load-displacement curve. On the contrary, lower barrier energy densities enable a larger quantity of STZs to be activated simultaneously. These STZs can easily percolate into large flow units, promoting plastic flow through their interaction. We employ Poisson's ratio as an indicator for plasticity to shown that this interpretation can be transferred to other types of metallic glasses. That is, larger flow units were found for metallic glasses with higher Poisson ratio and more pronounced plasticity, while the flow units in alloys with very low Poisson ratio and high brittleness are significantly reduced in size and more homogeneously distributed throughout the material.
Efficiency of dispersive wave generation from a dual-frequency beat signal
Creators: name: Webb, K. E.
name: Erkintalo, M.
name: Xu, Y. Q.
name: Genty, G.
name: Murdoch, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emission of dispersive waves (DWs) by temporal solitons can be described as a cascaded four-wave mixing process triggered by a pair of monochromatic continuous waves (CWs). We report experimental and numerical results demonstrating that the efficiency of this process is strongly and non-trivially affected by the frequency detuning of the CW pump lasers. We explain our results by showing that individual cycles of the input dual-frequency beat signal can evolve as higher-order solitons whose temporal compression and soliton fission govern the DW efficiency. Analytical predictions based on the detuning dependence of the soliton order are shown to be in excellent agreement with experimental and numerical observations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, published in Optics Letters