Puto
Creators: name: Han, Sarah I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pseudococcidae
Puto

description: Taxonomy of Puto (Putoidae) and Ceroputo (Pseudococcidae) and transfer of some Puto species to Ceroputo
The scored states of the diagnostic features of all species studied based on type specimens or other specimens are listed in Table 1. Included in Table 1 are also some species of Phenacoccus, and the type species of Ceroputo, C. pilosellae. Two species, Puto avitus (Menge) and P. trivenosus (Germar & Berendt), are known only from descriptions of fossil insects, and we can offer no further information on them here. Puto brunitarsus (Signoret) cannot be discussed because original material is lost (Ben-Dov & Matile-Ferrero, 1995). Puto konoi Takahashi is left in the genus Puto from its description only without seeing specimens, although it needs to be assessed to determine whether it belongs to Puto. Material of P. orthezioides (Cockerell) is represented by a third-instar female type specimen that has three sensilla on each surface of each trochanter, a pair of basal spurs on each claw, elongate oral collar ducts on the frons, numerous conical setae in the cerarii and a wide circulus. Based on these characteristics we conclude that it belongs in Puto. Species for which we suggest new or confirm previous taxonomic and nomenclatural changes, in this section and in Table 1, are: Puto asteri (Takahashi), P. erigeroneus (Kanda), P. graminis Danzig P. jarudensis Tang, P. m i m i c u s McKenzie, P. nulliporus McKenzie, P. pini Danzig and P. vaccinii Danzig. We regard all the other species previously assigned to Puto to be included in the family Putoidae.
In Table 2, we list all species previously assigned to Puto together with their assignment based on our studies. As a result of our study, we recognise 47 extant and two fossil species of Puto and six species of Ceroputo. Below we provide revised synonymy lists and notes on the morphological features of species for which we either have additional information or suggest recombinations or include additional synonyms. We do not cite all the type data or type depositories, which are available in ScaleNet. For a few Puto species, we have additional data and these comments are provided in the section below on Puto.
Puto erigeroneus (Kanda) Recognised here as Ceroputo pilosellae Šulc, in agreement with Tang (1992) Puto graminis Danzig Here transferred to Ceroputo as Ceroputo graminis (Danzig), comb. nov Puto israelensis Ben-Dov Puto israelensis Ben-Dov
Puto janetscheki Balachowsky Puto janetscheki Balachowsky
Puto jarudensis Tang Regarded here as a junior synonym of Ceroputo pilosellae Šulc, syn. nov. Puto kondarensis (Borchsenius) Puto kondarensis (Borchsenius)
Puto konoi Takahashi Puto konoi Takahashi
Puto kosztarabi Miller & Miller Puto kosztarabi Miller & Miller
Puto lamottei Matile-Ferrero Puto lamottei Matile-Ferrero
Puto lasiorum (Cockerell) Puto lasiorum (Cockerell)
Puto laticribellum McKenzie Puto laticribellum McKenzie
Puto marsicanus Marotta & Tranfaglia Puto marsicanus Marotta & Tranfaglia Puto megriensis (Borchsenius) Puto megriensis (Borchsenius)
Puto mexicanus (Cockerell) Puto mexicanus (Cockerell)
Puto mimicus McKenzie Here transferred to Ceroputo as Ceroputo mimicus (McKenzie), comb. nov. Puto nulliporus McKenzie Here transferred to Ceroputo as Ceroputo nulliporus (McKenzie), comb. nov. Puto orientalis Danzig Puto orientalis Danzig
Puto orthezioides (Cockerell) Puto orthezioides (Cockerell); described from immature specimens; retained in
Puto
Puto pacificus McKenzie Puto pacificus McKenzie
Puto palinuri Marotta & Tranfaglia Puto palinuri Marotta & Tranfaglia
continued next page Puto paramoensis Matile-Ferrero Puto paramoensis Matile-Ferrero Puto peyerimhoffi (Vayssière) Puto peyerimhoffi (Vayssière) Puto pilosellae (Šulc) Ceroputo pilosellae Šulc
Puto pini Danzig Recognised here as Ceroputo pini (Danzig), in agreement with Tang (1992) Puto pricei McKenzie Puto pricei McKenzie
Puto profusus McKenzie Puto profusus McKenzie
Puto salinasi Foldi & Kozár Puto salinasi Foldi & Kozár
Puto sandini Washburn Puto sandini Washburn
Puto simmondsiae McKenzie Puto simmondsiae McKenzie
Puto subericola (Vayssière) Puto subericola (Vayssière)
Puto superbus (Leonardi) Puto superbus (Leonardi)
Puto thailandicus Williams Puto thailandicus Williams
Puto trivenosus (Germar & Berendt) Puto trivenosus (Germar & Berendt); a fossil species; retained in Puto Puto tubulifer Danzig Puto tubulifer Danzig
Puto ulter Ferris Puto ulter Ferris
Puto usingeri McKenzie Puto usingeri McKenzie
Puto vaccinii Danzig Recognised here as Ceroputo vaccinii (Danzig), in agreement with Tang (1992) Puto yuccae (Coquillett) Puto yuccae (Coquillett)
description: Published as part of Han, Sarah I., 2011, A study of the scale insect genera Puto Signoret (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Putoidae) and Ceroputo Šulc (Pseudococcidae) with a comparison to Phenacoccus Cockerell (Pseudococcidae), pp. 1-22 in Zootaxa 2802 on pages 9-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.207286