cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Global phase diagram of two-component Bose gases in antiparallel magnetic fields
Creators: name: Furukawa, Shunsuke
name: Ueda, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground-state phase diagram of two-dimensional two-component (or pseudospin-1/2) Bose gases in mutually antiparallel synthetic magnetic fields in the space of the total filling factor and the ratio of the intercomponent coupling $g_{\uparrow\downarrow}$ to the intracomponent one g>0. This time-reversal-invariant setting represents a bosonic analogue of spin Hall systems. Using exact diagonalization, we find that (fractional) quantum spin Hall states composed of a pair of nearly independent quantum Hall states are remarkably robust and persist for $g_{\uparrow\downarrow}$ up to as large as g. For $g_{\uparrow\downarrow}=-g$, we find the exact many-body ground state in which particles in different spin states form pairs. This gives the exact critical line beyond which the system collapses.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures. To be published in Physical Review A
High Ground, Summer 2001
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Association of New Jersey Environmental Coalitions (ANJEC)
Year: 2001

description: High Ground is the quarterly newsletter of the Highlands Coalition. This issue features: Gilman Work Group To Draft Federal Highlands Legislation, A Legacy of Critical Treasures in the Highlands,  Connecticut and The Nature Conservancy Protect 15,000 Acres of Forest, Forest Service to Update 1992 Highlands Regional Study, Congressional Committee Approves $9.5 Million for NJ Highlands, New Septic Regulations in New Jersey, as well as regular features Updates and Cheers and Jeers.
title: Sustained effective use of phosphine in stored product protection in India: Role of UPL Limited
Creators: name: Kumar, Ujjwal
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol. 2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
alpha-cluster structure of 18Ne
Creators: name: Barbui, M.
name: Volya, A.
name: Aboud, E.
name: Ahn, S.
name: Bishop, J.
name: Goldberg, V. Z.
name: Hooker, J.
name: Hunt, C. H.
name: Jayatissa, H.
name: Kokalova, Tz.
name: Koshchiy, E.
name: Pirrie, S.
name: Pollacco, E.
name: Roeder, B. T.
name: Saastamoinen, A.
name: Upadhyayula, S.
name: Wheldon, C.
name: Rogachev, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study alpha-clustering in 18Ne and compare it with what is known about clustering in the mirror nucleus 18O. The excitation function of 18Ne was measured in inverse kinematics from the resonant elastic scattering reaction of 14O on 4He in the excitation energy range from 8 to 17 MeV, using the active target TexAT. The analysis was performed using a multi-channel R-matrix approach. Detailed spectroscopic information is obtained from the R-matrix analysis: excitation energy of the states, spin and parity as well as partial alpha and total widths. This information is compared with theoretical models and previous data. Clustering structures appear to be robust and mostly isospin symmetric. A good correspondence was found between the levels in 18O and 18Ne. We carried out an extensive shell model analysis of the experimental data. This comparison suggests that strongly clustered states remain organized in relation to the corresponding reaction channel identified by the number of nodes in the relative alpha plus core wave function. The agreement between theory and experiment is very good and especially useful when it comes to understanding the clustering strength distribution. The comparison of the experimental data with theory shows that certain states, especially at high excitation energies, are significantly more clustered than predicted. This indicates that the structure of these states is collective and is aligned towards the corresponding alpha reaction channel.
Interconversion of one-dimensional Thiogallates Cs2[Ga2(S2)2-xS2+x] (x = 0, 1, 2) by using high-temperature Decomposition and Polysulfide-Flux Reactions
Creators: name: Friedrich, Daniel
name: Schlosser, Marc
name: Pfitzner, Arno
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; METAL POLYCHALCOGENIDES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; COMPOUND; ANIONS;
subject: 540 Chemie

description: The potential of cesium polysulfide-flux reactions for the synthesis of chalcogenogallates was investigated by using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. An investigation of possible factors influencing the product formation revealed that only the polysulfide content x in the Cs2Sx melts has an influence on the crystalline reaction product. From sulfur-rich melts (x > 7), CsGaS3 is formed, whereas sulfur-poor melts (x < 7) lead to the formation of Cs2Ga2S5- In situ investigations using high-temperature Raman spectroscopy revealed that the crystallization of these solids takes place upon cooling of the melts. Upon heating, CsGaS3 and Cs2Ga2S5 release gaseous sulfur due to the degradation of S-2(2-) units. This decomposition of CsGaS3 to Cs2Ga2S5 and finally to CsGaS2-mC16 was further studied in situ by using high-temperature X-ray powder diffraction. A combination of the polysulfide reaction route and the high-temperature decomposition leads to the possibility of the directed interconversion of these thiogallates. The presence of disulfide units in the anionic substructures of these thiogallates has a significant influence on the electronic band structures and their optical properties. This influence was studied by using UV/vis-diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and DFT simulations, revealing a trend of smaller band gaps with increasing S-2(2-) content.
Unearthing New Jersey Vol. 2, No. 2
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Geological Survey, NJDEP
Year: 2006

description: The New Jersey Geological Survey (NJGS) provides geoscience information to government agencies, consultants, industry, environmental groups and the public. The work of the Survey covers large regional issues of environmental concern and economic development, as well as smaller, educational studies. This issue includes a message from the State Geologist, Karl W. Muessig, a list of new NJGS publications, a geology crossword puzzle and the following  articles: Sentinels At The Northern Border; The New Jersey Geological Survey And The 2006 Water Supply Plan; Geologic History And Virtual Field Trip Of The New Jersey Highlands; Virtual Field Trip; Cape May Diamonds.
Gütezeichen aus Verbrauchersicht
Creators: name: Schmidt, Christina
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 340

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird das System der Gütezeichen in Deutschland beleuchtet und Verbesserungsvorschläge erarbeitet, die insbesondere die Stellung des Verbrauchers in den Blick nehmen. Es wird die Frage beantwortet, ob und wie der Verbraucher vor missbräuchlicher Verwendung von Gütezeichen geschützt ist und ob dieser Schutz noch erweitert werden kann.
A note on the quantum measurement problem
Creators: name: Mermin, N. David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea that wave-function collapse is a physical process stems from a misunderstanding of probability and the role it plays in quantum mechanics.
description: 4 pages, no figures. Slightly revised from published version. (New penultimate paragraph.)
Cross-Acceptance Manual for the First Statutory Revision and Readoption of the State Development and Redevelopment Plan
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Office of State Planning
Year: 1997

description: The adoption of the State Development and Redevelopment Plan in 1992 marked the close of a cross-acceptance process that began with the release of the Preliminary State Plan in January 1989. As New Jersey undertook the first statutory revision and readoption of the State Plan in 1997, the state, in this report, assessed and redesigned the cross-acceptance process based on those initial experiences with cross-acceptance and to better accommodate the reexamination of an existing State Plan. The purpose of this manual is to guide participants through the cross-acceptance process. In so doing, the manual discusses the overall structure of cross-acceptance, the expected role of each participant, and provides specific instructions for the preparation of a cross-acceptance report.
Emerging Markets for Renewable Energy Certificates: Opportunities and Challenges
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Year: 2005

description: The purpose of this report is to describe and analyze the emerging market for renewable energy certificates (RECs). It describes how RECs are marketed, examines RECs markets including scope and prices, and identifies and describes the key challenges facing the growth and success of RECs markets. RECs represent the attributes of electricity generated from renewable energy sources and are quickly becoming the currency of renewable energy markets because of their flexibility and the fact that they are not subject to the geographic and physical limitations of commodity electricity. RECs are currently used by utilities and marketers to supply renewable energy products to end-use customers as well as to demonstrate compliance with regulatory requirements, such as renewable energy mandates.
Site Remediation News Vol. 9 No. 3
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Division of Publicly Funded Site Remediation
Year: 1997

description: This newsletter describes activities related to site remediation in New Jersey. Included in this November 1997 issue are articles on clarifying technical rule N.J.A.C. 7:26E-1.3(c)2, states breaking barriers to innovative technologies, information on how to get a copy of departmental rules, the low-down on low flow, and resources available for electronic data submittals.
title: Recent developments in the global application of ECO2FUME® and VAPORPH3OS® phosphine fumigants
Creators: name: Tumambing, Justin
name: Christenson, Courtney
name: Taner, Arda
name: Amoroso, Dino
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: ECO2FUME® (2% phosphine, 98% CO2 by weight) and VAPORPH3OS® (99.3% phosphine average by weight) are cylinderized gas formulations of phosphine that have achieved significant growth in commercial applications for the disinfestation of food and non-food commodities in the last two decades. The expansion in the global application of these two cylinderized phosphine fumigants is driven by increasing concern for safety, efficacy, unreacted powdered residue and disposal associated with aluminium phosphide tablets, which are promoted as alternatives to methyl bromide, and the concern of insect resistance to phosphine in both developed and developing countries. This paper describes recent developments in the global application of ECO2FUME® and VAPORPH3OS® in terms of commercial in-transit fumigation of grains and logs in ships, fumigation of export distiller’s dried grain with solubles (DDGS) in containers and shiphold, best practices in the management of phosphine resistance of insects in grains, and establishment and application of quarantine and preshipment (QPS) phosphine fumigation protocols for selected fresh fruits, vegetables, dried fruits and cut flowers as an alternative to methyl bromide. The growing issue of powdered residue from unspent aluminium phosphine tablets and the use of cylinderized phosphine as an effective solution are discussed.
description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol.2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
Twist-2 Generalized TMDs and the Spin/Orbital Structure of the Nucleon
Creators: name: Kanazawa, K.
name: Lorcé, C.
name: Metz, A.
name: Pasquini, B.
name: Schlegel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalized transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions (GTMDs) encode the most general parton structure of hadrons. Here we focus on two twist-2 GTMDs which are denoted by $F_{1,4}$ and $G_{1,1}$ in parts of the literature. As already shown previously, both GTMDs have a close relation to orbital angular momentum of partons inside a hadron. However, recently even the mere existence of $F_{1,4}$ and $G_{1,1}$ has been doubted. We explain why this claim does not hold. We support our model-independent considerations by calculating the two GTMDs in the scalar diquark model and in the quark-target model, where we also explicitly check the relation to orbital angular momentum. In addition, we compute $F_{1,4}$ and $G_{1,1}$ at large transverse momentum in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics and show that they are nonzero.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures; two clarifications and a reference added; version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Entropic exponents of grafted lattices stars
Creators: name: van Rensburg, EJ Janse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B41

description: The surface entropic exponents of half-space lattice stars grafted at their central nodes in a hard wall are estimated numerically using the PERM algorithm. In the square half-lattice the exact values of the exponents are verified, including Barber's scaling relation and a generalisation for $2$-stars with one and two surface loops respectively. This is the relation \[ γ_{211}=2\,γ_{21}-γ_{20},\] where $γ_{21}$ and $γ_{211}$ are the surface entropic exponents of a grafted $2$-star with one and two surface loops respectively, and $γ_{20}$ is the surface entropic exponent with no surface loops. This relation is also tested in the cubic half-lattice where surface entropic exponents are estimated up to $5$-stars, including many with one or more surface loops. Barber's scaling relation and the relation \[ γ_{3111}=γ_{30}-3\,γ_{31}+3\,γ_{311} \] are also tested, where the exponents $\{γ_{31},γ_{311},γ_{3111}\}$ are of grafted $3$-stars with one, two or three surface loops respectively, and $γ_{30}$ is the surface exponent of grafted $3$-stars.
Preferred hierarchy scales from the product landscape
Creators: name: Lv, Songlin
name: Sun, Zheng
name: Wu, Lina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The product landscape method has been recently proposed to solve hierarchy problems such as the cosmological constant problem. We suggest that the parameter distribution on logarithmic scales should be used as a benchmark for hierarchy, and the preferred hierarchy scales can be obtained from the distribution peak. It is shown that generating hierarchy from purely product distribution is very inefficient. To achieve a reasonably acceptable efficiency, other effects such as accumulation of weak hierarchy in the effective theory should be incorporated.
description: 8 pages; v2: general discussion on the log plot added; v3: typos, JHEP published version
Drinking Water Standards (Fact sheet)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Rutgers Cooperative Extension, NJ Agricultural Experiment Station
Year: 2003

description: This document provides the New Jersey State Primary and Secondary Drinking Water Standards as of January 2001. These standards, also known as maximum contaminant levels (MCLs), are the maximum permissible levels of all regulated contaminants allowed in public drinking water. These regulations are subject to change.
Industrial Pollution Prevention Planning
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Office of Pollution Prevention and Permit Coordination
Year: 2002

description: This report identifies twelve steps that can help companies identify and achieve pollution prevention opportunities.  This guidance document is designed to unite the benefits of pollution prevention with the requirements of the New Jersey Pollution Prevention Act and the Rules.  It should help any facility to find pollution prevention opportunities, and includes specific information and guidance for those preparing a Pollution Prevention Plan to comply with the New Jersey law.
Some remarks on the attractor behaviour in ELKO cosmology
Creators: name: Pereira, S. H.
name: S., A. Pinho S.
name: da Silva, J. M. Hoff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results on the dynamical stability of a system involving the interaction of the ELKO spinor field with standard matter in the universe have been reanalysed, and the conclusion is that such system does not exhibit isolated stable points that could alleviate the cosmic coincidence problem. When a constant parameter $δ$ related to the potential of the ELKO field is introduced in the system however, stable fixed points are found for some specific types of interaction between the ELKO field and matter. Although the parameter $δ$ is related to an unknown potential, in order to satisfy the stability conditions and also that the fixed points are real, the range of the constant parameter $δ$ can be constrained for the present time and the coincidence problem can be alleviated for some specific interactions. Such restriction on the ELKO potential opens possibility to apply the ELKO field as a candidate to dark energy in the universe, and so explain the present phase of acceleration of the universe through the decay of the ELKO field into matter.
description: 17 pages, section III with minor changes and section IV rewritten with a new analysis
title: Effects of Myristica fragrans and Alpinia conchigera oils against Callosobruchus maculatus
Creators: name: Suthisut, Duangsamorn
name: Kengkanpanich, Rungsima
name: Noochanapal, Pavinee
name: Pobsuk, Pananya
name: Sitthichaiyakul, Saruta
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol. 2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
Quantum Approximation of Normalized Schatten Norms and Applications to Learning
Creators: name: Chen, Yiyou
name: Miyahara, Hideyuki
name: Bouchard, Louis-S.
name: Roychowdhury, Vwani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Efficient measures to determine similarity of quantum states, such as the fidelity metric, have been widely studied. In this paper, we address the problem of defining a similarity measure for quantum operations that can be \textit{efficiently estimated}. Given two quantum operations, $U_1$ and $U_2$, represented in their circuit forms, we first develop a quantum sampling circuit to estimate the normalized Schatten 2-norm of their difference ($\| U_1-U_2 \|_{S_2}$) with precision $ε$, using only one clean qubit and one classical random variable. We prove a Poly$(\frac{1}ε)$ upper bound on the sample complexity, which is independent of the size of the quantum system. We then show that such a similarity metric is directly related to a functional definition of similarity of unitary operations using the conventional fidelity metric of quantum states ($F$): If $\| U_1-U_2 \|_{S_2}$ is sufficiently small (e.g. $ \leq \fracε{1+\sqrt{2(1/δ- 1)}}$) then the fidelity of states obtained by processing the same randomly and uniformly picked pure state, $|ψ\rangle$, is as high as needed ($F({U}_1 |ψ\rangle, {U}_2 |ψ\rangle)\geq 1-ε$) with probability exceeding $1-δ$. We provide example applications of this efficient similarity metric estimation framework to quantum circuit learning tasks, such as finding the square root of a given unitary operation.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables, 1 algorithm
Dissipative optomechanical squeezing of light
Creators: name: Kronwald, Andreas
name: Marquardt, Florian
name: Clerk, Aashish A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a simple yet surprisingly effective mechanism which allows the generation of squeezed output light from an optomechanical cavity. In contrast to the well known mechanism of "ponderomotive squeezing", our scheme generates squeezed output light by explicitly using the dissipative nature of the mechanical resonator. We show that our scheme has many advantages over ponderomotive squeezing; in particular, it is far more effective in the good cavity limit commonly used in experiments. Furthermore, the squeezing generated in our approach can be directly used to enhance the intrinsic measurement sensitivity of the optomechanical cavity; one does not have to feed the squeezed light into a separate measurement device. As our scheme is very general, it could also e.g. be implemented using superconducting circuits.
NJ Environmental Federation News, October 2005
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Environmental Federation, the New Jersey Chapter of Clean Water Action
Year: 2005

description: The goal of the New Jersey Environmental Federation is to ensure safe drinking water for all NJ residents, reduce the use of pesticides, promote recycling and lobby for sound and sustainable environmental practices on a local, state, and national level. This issue of the newsletter features the following articles: Corzine Gets the Nod for the '05 Governor's Race; Greening New Jersey - School by School, Park by Park; VEC-NJEF 2005 Endorsements for NJ's state legislature; Moving towards a diesel free New Jersey.
Generalized Ablowitz-Ladik hierarchy in topological string theory
Creators: name: Takasaki, Kanehisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B80, 35Q55, 81T30

description: This paper addresses the issue of integrable structures in topological string theory on generalized conifolds. Open string amplitudes of this theory can be expressed as the matrix elements of an operator on the Fock space of 2D charged free fermion fields. The generating function of these amplitudes with respect to the product of two independent Schur functions becomes a tau function of the 2D Toda hierarchy. The associated Lax operators turn out to have a particular factorized form. This factorized form of the Lax operators characterizes a generalization of the Ablowitz-Ladik hierarchy embedded in the 2D Toda hierarchy. The generalized Ablowitz-Ladik hierarchy is thus identified as a fundamental integrable structure of topological string theory on the generalized conifolds.
description: 24pages, 1 figre (v2) accepted for publications. Some more remarks, references and an appendix are added (v3) typos are corrected
Discovery potential for split supersymmetry with thermal dark matter
Creators: name: Co, Raymond T.
name: Pierce, Aaron
name: Sheff, Benjamin
name: Wells, James D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model with scalar superpartners above 10 TeV are well motivated since the Higgs boson mass can be explained by quantum corrections while maintaining gauge coupling unification. If supersymmetry breaking is transmitted to gauginos via anomaly mediation, the gaugino masses are loop suppressed compared to scalar masses, and the lightest supersymmetric particle is the Higgsino or wino, which can be the dark matter. In this setup, we identify the regions of parameter space that reproduce the observed Higgs boson mass and the thermal abundance of dark matter. We analyze the effects of complex phases in the gaugino mass parameters on the electron electric dipole moment (EDM) and the dark matter scattering cross section. We find that, for scalar masses up to 10 PeV and any size of the complex phases, the model with Higgsino dark matter is within reach of planned experiments -- Advanced ACME via electron EDM and LUX-ZEPLIN via dark matter direct detection -- with complementary discovery potentials, and the model with wino dark matter is within reach of future electron EDM experiments.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
$Λ_b \to Λ_c$ Form Factors from QCD Light-Cone Sum Rules
Creators: name: Miao, Yan
name: Deng, Hui
name: Huang, Ke-Sheng
name: Gao, Jing
name: Shen, Yue-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we calculate the transition form factors of $Λ_b$ decaying into $Λ_c$ within the framework of light-cone sum rules with the distribution amplitudes (DAs) of $Λ_b$-baryon. In the hadronic representation of the correlation function, we have isolated both the $Λ_c$ and the $Λ_c^*$ states so that the $Λ_b \rightarrow Λ_c$ form factors can be obtained without ambiguity. We investigate the P-type and A-type current to interpolate the light baryons for a comparison since the interpolation current for the baryon state is not unique. We also employ three parametrization models for DAs of $Λ_b $ in the numerical calculation. We present the numerical predictions on the $Λ_b \rightarrow Λ_c$ form factors and the branching fractions, the averaged forward-backward asymmetry , the averaged final hadron polarization and the averaged lepton polarization of the $Λ_b \to Λ_c \ellμ$ decays, as well as the ratio of branching ratios $R_{Λ_c}$, and the predicted $R_{Λ_c}$ can be consistent with the LHCb data.
description: 22 pages, 2figure
Observation of giant bandgap renormalization and excitonic effects in a monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductor
Creators: name: Ugeda, Miguel M.
name: Bradley, Aaron J.
name: Shi, Su-Fei
name: da Jornada, Felipe H.
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Qiu, Diana Y.
name: Mo, Sung-Kwan
name: Hussain, Zahid
name: Shen, Zhi-Xun
name: Wang, Feng
name: Louie, Steven G.
name: Crommie, Michael F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit novel electrical and optical properties and are emerging as a new platform for exploring 2D semiconductor physics. Reduced screening in 2D results in dramatically enhanced electron-electron interactions, which have been predicted to generate giant bandgap renormalization and excitonic effects. Currently, however, there is little direct experimental confirmation of such many-body effects in these materials. Here we present an experimental observation of extraordinarily large exciton binding energy in a 2D semiconducting TMD. We accomplished this by determining the single-particle electronic bandgap of single-layer MoSe2 via scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), as well as the two-particle exciton transition energy via photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). These quantities yield an exciton binding energy of 0.55 eV for monolayer MoSe2, a value that is orders of magnitude larger than what is seen in conventional 3D semiconductors. This finding is corroborated by our ab initio GW and Bethe Salpeter equation calculations, which include electron correlation effects. The renormalized bandgap and large exciton binding observed here will have a profound impact on electronic and optoelectronic device technologies based on single-layer semiconducting TMDs.
description: Accepted for publication in Nature Materials
2001 Annual Report: New Jersey Historic Preservation Office
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Division of Parks and Forestry, New Jersey Historic Preservation Office
Year: 2001

description: This Annual Report from the New Jersey Historic Preservation Office highlights the office's activities during 2001. During the year, the Historic Preservation Office spearheaded the formulation of a new plan to guide historic preservation activities in the coming years. The office also implemented several new initiatives such as the Civil War Monuments survey, the Women's Heritage Trail project, and the Salem County survey. Twenty-one new listings were added to either the New Jersey or National Registers of Historic Places and the office's regulatory workload again exceeded the number of project reviews from the previous year. Of special note was the rise in certification applications the Historic Preservation Office assisted to qualify investors for the Investment Tax Credit.
Improving count rate capability of timing RPCs by increasing the detector working temperature
Creators: name: Blanco, A.
name: Fonte, P.
name: Lopes, L.
name: Saraiva, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This communication describes test beam results, focusing on detection efficiency and timing precision, of common float glass timing Resistive Plate Chambers (tRPCs) exposed to a $2.7$~GeV proton beam and operated at above ambient temperature in order to increase the count rate capability of the chambers, by exploiting the reduction in the resistivity of the glass electrodes. Results suggest that the count rate capability can be extended at least up to $1500~Hz/cm^2$ when the detector is operated at $40.6^{\circ}$C without noticeable loss of efficiency or timing precision degradation with values of $90\%$ and $100$~ps, respectively, for this specific timing RPC arrangement.
description: to be published in Proceedings of 15th Pisa Meeting on Advanced Detectors
Integrating Privacy-Enhancing Technologies into the Internet Infrastructure
Creators: name: Harborth, David
name: Herrmann, Dominik
name: Köpsell, Stefan
name: Pape, Sebastian
name: Roth, Christian
name: Federrath, Hannes
name: Kesdogan, Dogan
name: Rannenberg, Kai
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 004 Informatik

description: The AN.ON-Next project aims to integrate privacy-enhancing technologies into the internet’s infrastructure and establish them in the consumer mass market. The technologies in focus include a basis protection at internet service provider level, an improved overlay network-based protection and a concept for privacy protection in the emerging 5G mobile network. A crucial success factor will be the viable adjustment and development of standards, business models and pricing strategies for those new technologies.
New Type IIB Backgrounds and Aspects of Their Field Theory Duals
Creators: name: Caceres, Elena
name: Macpherson, Niall T.
name: Nunez, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study aspects of geometries in Type IIA and Type IIB String theory and elaborate on their field theory dual pairs. The backgrounds are associated with reductions to Type IIA of solutions with $G_2$ holonomy in eleven dimensions. We classify these backgrounds according to their G-structure, perform a non-Abelian T-duality on them and find new Type IIB configurations presenting {\it dynamical} $SU(2)$-structure. We study some aspects of the associated field theories defined by these new backgrounds. Various technical details are clearly spelled out.
description: 31 pages + appendix, several figures. v2, minor corrections and improvements, version to appear in JHEP
Abundant molecular gas and inefficient star formation in intracluster regions: Ram pressure stripped tail of the Norma galaxy ESO137-001
Creators: name: Jachym, Pavel
name: Combes, Francoise
name: Cortese, Luca
name: Sun, Ming
name: Kenney, Jeffrey D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time, we reveal large amounts of cold molecular gas in a ram pressure stripped tail, out to a large, intracluster distance from the galaxy. With the APEX telescope we have detected 12CO(2-1) emission corresponding to more than 10^9 Msun of H_2 in three Ha bright regions along the tail of the Norma cluster galaxy ESO 137-001, out to a projected distance of 40 kpc from the disk. ESO 137-001 has an 80 kpc long and bright X-ray tail associated with a shorter (40 kpc) and broader tail of numerous star-forming H II regions. The amount of about 1.5x10^8 Msun of H_2 found in the most distant region is similar to molecular masses of tidal dwarf galaxies, though the standard Galactic CO-to-H_2 factor could overestimate the H_2 content. Along the tail, we find the amount of molecular gas to drop, while masses of the X-ray emitting and diffuse ionized components stay roughly constant. Moreover, the amounts of hot and cold gas are large and similar, and together nearly account for the missing gas from the disk. We find a very low star formation efficiency (tau > 10^10 yr) in the stripped gas in ESO 137-001 and suggest that this is due to a low average gas density in the tail, or turbulent heating of the interstellar medium that is induced by a ram pressure shock. The unprecedented bulk of observed H_2 in the ESO 137-001 tail suggests that some stripped gas may survive ram pressure stripping in the molecular phase.
description: Accepted to the ApJ. See recent related ESO137-001 Hubble Heritage release (http://heritage.stsci.edu/2014/14/index.html)
Thirty years of molecular dynamics simulations on posttranslational modifications of proteins
Creators: name: Weigle, Austin T.
name: Feng, Jiangyan
name: Shukla, Diwakar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are an integral component to how cells respond to perturbation. While experimental advances have enabled improved PTM identification capabilities, the same throughput for characterizing how structural changes caused by PTMs equate to altered physiological function has not been maintained. In this Perspective, we cover the history of computational modeling and molecular dynamics simulations which have characterized the structural implications of PTMs. We distinguish results from different molecular dynamics studies based upon the timescales simulated and analysis approaches used for PTM characterization. Lastly, we offer insights into how opportunities for modern research efforts on in silico PTM characterization may proceed given current state-of-the-art computing capabilities and methodological advancements.
description: 64 pages, 11 figures
Nucleon axial form factor at large momentum transfers
Creators: name: Chen, Chen
name: Roberts, Craig D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a Poincaré-covariant quark+diquark Faddeev equation and related symmetry-preserving weak interaction current, we deliver parameter-free predictions for the nucleon axialvector form factor, $G_A(Q^2)$, on the domain $0\leq x=Q^2/m_N^2\leq 10$, where $m_N$ is the nucleon mass. We also provide a detailed analysis of the flavour separation of the proton $G_A$ into contributions from valence $u$ and $d$ quarks; and with form factors available on such a large $Q^2$ domain, predictions for the flavour-separated axial-charge light-front transverse spatial density profiles. Our calculated axial charge ratio $g_A^d/g_A^u=-0.32(2)$ is consistent with available experimental data and markedly larger in magnitude than the value typical of nonrelativistic quark models. The value of this ratio is sensitive to the strength of axialvector diquark correlations in the Poincaré-covariant nucleon wave function. Working with a realistic axialvector diquark content, the $d$ and $u$ quark transverse density profiles are similar. Some of these predictions could potentially be tested with new data on threshold pion electroproduction from the proton at large $Q^2$.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
On the Interaction of the PKS B1358-113 Radio Galaxy with the Abell 1836 Cluster
Creators: name: Stawarz, L.
name: Szostek, A.
name: Cheung, C. C.
name: Siemiginowska, A.
name: Koziel-Wierzbowska, D.
name: Werner, N.
name: Simionescu, A.
name: Madejski, G.
name: Begelman, M. C.
name: Harris, D. E.
name: Ostrowski, M.
name: Hagino, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [abridged] Here we present the analysis of multifrequency data gathered for the FRII radio galaxy PKS B1358-113, hosted in the brightest cluster galaxy of Abell 1836. The galaxy harbors one of the most massive black holes known to date and our analysis of the optical data reveals that this black hole is only weakly active. Based on new Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray observations and archival radio data we derive the preferred range for the jet kinetic luminosity $\sim (0.5-3) \times 10^{45}$ erg s$^{-1}$. This is above the values implied by various scaling relations proposed for radio sources in galaxy clusters, being instead very close to the maximum jet power allowed for the given accretion rate. We constrain the radio source lifetime as $\sim 40-70$ Myrs, and the total amount of deposited jet energy $\sim (2-8) \times 10^{60}$\,ergs. The detailed analysis of the X-ray data provides indication for the presence of a bow-shock driven by the expanding radio lobes into the Abell 1836 cluster environment, with the corresponding Mach number $\sim 2-4$. This, together with the recently growing evidence that powerful FRII radio galaxies may not be uncommon in the centers of clusters at higher redshifts, supports the idea that jet-induced shock heating may indeed play an important role in shaping the properties of clusters, galaxy groups, and galaxies in formation. We speculate on a possible bias against detecting jet-driven shocks in poorer environments, resulting from an inefficient electron heating at the shock front, combined with a relatively long electron-ion equilibration timescale.
description: Version accepted to ApJ
Topological photonics by breaking the degeneracy of line node singularities in semimetal-like photonic crystals
Creators: name: Börm, Steffen
name: Davoodi, Fatemeh
name: Köhl, Ralf
name: Talebi, Nahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Degeneracy is an omnipresent phenomenon in various physical systems, which has its roots in the preservation of geometrical symmetry. In electronic and photonic crystal systems, very often this degeneracy can be broken by virtue of strong interactions between photonic modes of the same energy, where the level repulsion and the hybridization between modes causes the emergence of photonic bandgaps. However, most often this phenomenon does not lead to a complete and inverted bandgap formation over the entire Brillouin zone. Here, by systematically breaking the symmetry of a two-dimensional square photonic crystal, we investigate the formation of Dirac points, line node singularities, and inverted bandgaps. The formation of this complete bandgap is due to the level repulsion between degenerate modes along the line nodes of a semimetal-like photonic crystal, over the entire Brillouin zone. Our numerical experimentations are performed by a home-build numerical framework based on a multigrid finite element method. The developed numerical toolbox and our observations pave the way towards designing complete bandgap photonic crystals and exploring the role of symmetry on the optical behaviour of even more complicated orders in photonic crystal systems.
Squarefree values of trinomial discriminants
Creators: name: Boyd, David W.
name: Martin, Greg
name: Thom, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The discriminant of a trinomial of the form $x^n \pm x^m \pm 1$ has the form $\pm n^n \pm (n-m)^{n-m} m^m$ if $n$ and $m$ are relatively prime. We investigate when these discriminants have nontrivial square factors. We explain various unlikely-seeming parametric families of square factors of these discriminant values: for example, when $n$ is congruent to 2 (mod 6) we have that $((n^2-n+1)/3)^2$ always divides $n^n - (n-1)^{n-1}$. In addition, we discover many other square factors of these discriminants that do not fit into these parametric families. The set of primes whose squares can divide these sporadic values as $n$ varies seems to be independent of $m$, and this set can be seen as a generalization of the Wieferich primes, those primes $p$ such that $2^{p-1}$ is congruent to 1 (mod $p^2$). We provide heuristics for the density of squarefree values of these discriminants and the density of these "sporadic" primes.
description: 22 pages, 1 table. Minor revisions from version 1, including three new references
Regulator scheme dependence of the chiral phase transition at high densities
Creators: name: Otto, Konstantin
name: Busch, Christopher
name: Schaefer, Bernd-Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A common feature of recent functional renormalization group investigations of effective low-energy QCD is the appearance of a back-bending behavior of the chiral phase transition line at low temperatures together with a negative entropy density in the symmetric regime. The regulator scheme dependence of this phenomenon and the necessary modifications at finite densities are analyzed within a two-flavor quark-meson model. The flows at finite densities for three different regulators of three- or four-dimensional momenta are confronted to each other. It is found that the back-bending behavior and the negative entropy density can be traced back to the explicit momentum dependence of the regulator shape function. While it persists for the often-used three-dimensional flat regulator, it vanishes for Callan-Symanzik type regulators. This points to truncation artifacts in the lowest order of the derivative expansion. A careful theoretical as well as numerical exploration is given.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, to be published in PRD
Power and efficiency analysis of a realistic resonant tunneling diode thermoelectric
Creators: name: Agarwal, Akshay
name: Muralidharan, Bhaskaran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-dimensional systems with sharp features in the density of states have been proposed as a means to improving the efficiency of thermoelectric devices. Quantum dot systems, which offer the sharpest density of states achievable, however, suffer from low power outputs while bulk (3-D) thermoelectrics, while displaying high power outputs, offer very low efficiencies. Here, we analyze the use of a resonant tunneling diode structure that combines the best of both aspects, that is, density of states distortion with a finite bandwidth due to confinement that aids the efficiency and a large number of current carrying transverse modes that enhances the total power output. We show that this device can achieve a high power output ($\sim 0.3$ MW$/m^2$) at efficiencies of $\sim 40\%$ of the Carnot efficiency due to the contribution from these transverse momentum states at a finite bandwidth of $kT/2$. We then provide a detailed analysis of the physics of charge and heat transport with insights on parasitic currents that reduce the efficiency. Finally, a comparison between the resonant tunneling diode and a quantum dot device with comparable bandwidth reveals that a similar performance requires ultra-dense areal quantum dot densities of $\sim 10^{12}/cm^2$.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Appl. Phys. Lett
Effect of cationic chemical disorder on defect formation energies in uranium-plutonium mixed oxides
Creators: name: Bathellier, Didier
name: Messina, Luca
name: Freyss, Michel
name: Bertolus, Marjorie
name: Schuler, Thomas
name: Nastar, Maylise
name: Olsson, Pär
name: Bourasseau, Emeric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the atomic scale, uranium-plutonium mixed oxides (U,Pu)O_2 are characterized by cationic chemical disorder, which entails that U and Pu cations are randomly distributed on the cation sublattice. In the present work, we study the impact of disorder on point-defect formation energies in (U,Pu)O_2 using interatomic-potential and Density Functional Theory (DFT+U) calculations. We focus on bound Schottky defects (BSD) that are among the most stable defects in these oxides. As a first step, we estimate the distance R_D around the BSD up to which the local chemical environment significantly affects their formation energy. To this end, we propose an original procedure in which the formation energy is computed for several supercells at varying levels of disorder. We conclude that the first three cation shells around the BSD have a non-negligible influence on their formation energy (R_{D} = 7.0 \{AA}). We apply then a systematic approach to compute the BSD formation energies for all the possible cation configurations on the first and second nearest neighbor shells around the BSD. We show that the formation energy can range in an interval of 0.97 eV, depending on the relative amount of U and Pu neighboring cations. Based on these results, we propose an interaction model that describes the effect of nominal and local composition on the BSD formation energy. Finally, the DFT+U benchmark calculations show a satisfactory agreement for configurations characterized by a U-rich local environment, and a larger mismatch in the case of a Pu-rich one. In summary, this work provides valuable insights on the properties of BSD defects in (U,Pu)O_2, and can represent a valid strategy to study point defect properties in disordered compounds.
description: 33 pages, 20 figures
Examining Phosphorus in Effluents from Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Rutgers Cooperative Extension, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station
Year: 2003

description: This report presents the results of an experiment studying Phosphorus levels in effluents from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) aquaculture. The conclusions were that fish feeds need to supply a certain amount of bioavailable forms of Phosphorus (P) in order for fish to grow normally, however, excessive P levels in aquaculture effluents pose a serious threat to a freshwater environment. Reducing dietary P increases the risk of P-deficiency and growth depression in fish. Criticalconsiderations in effluent P reduction must include the following: the dietary requirement of P in the fish, the bio-availability (absorption) of P, and factors of how effluent P are produced.