cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TU intern: die Hochschulzeitung der Technischen Universität Berlin
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke
subject: Hochschulzeitung
subject: Technische Universität
subject: TU Berlin

description: Die Hochschulzeitung "TU intern" berichtet sowohl über Aktuelles aus der Universität als auch über landes- und bundesweite Themen. Sie wendet sich an Mitglieder und Alumni der Universität sowie an Politik, Wirtschaft und Medien. Der eingeschränkte Präsenzbetrieb ist nun die dritte Phase, mit der sich die TU Berlin an die Pandemie-Entwicklung anpasst. Die „TU intern“-Juni-Ausgabe – erneut überwiegend im Homeoffice erstellt – gibt einen zahlenmäßigen Überblick, wie die Universität das Digital-Semester bewältigt, wie die Studierenden, die Dozierenden und die Verwaltung die vielfältigen Online-Angebote erstellen und nutzen, wie sich der Übergang vom Digital- zum Hybrid-Semester mit mehr Präsenz vor Ort gestalten wird. Auch die Forschung reagiert schnell: Medizin- und Biotechnologie beschäftigen sich mit der Immunität der Bevölkerung, mit der Entwicklung nachhaltiger Produkte und Verfahren, andere Fächer befassen sich mit der Situation von Verkehr und Tourismus, mit Lösungen durch Künstliche Intelligenz sowie Industrie 4.0. Aber auch die Folgen der Krise für die internationale Vernetzung von Forscher*innen werden thematisiert, zum Beispiel die Auswirkungen der Kontakt- und Quarantänemaßnahmen auf die heimische Wissenschaft, besonders auf die Geisteswissenschaften. Und nicht zu vergessen: Groß-Berlin wird 100. Was wurde eigentlich aus den damaligen Planungen für ein Metropolenzentrum voller „Turmhäuser“?
Detecting dark matter WIMPs in the Draco dwarf: a multi-wavelength perspective
Creators: name: Colafrancesco, S.
name: Profumo, S.
name: Ullio, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possible signatures of dark matter (DM) pair annihilations in the nearby dwarf spheroidal galaxy Draco. After investigating the mass models for Draco in the light of available observational data, we carefully model the DM density profile, taking advantage of numerical simulations of hierarchical structure formation. We then analyze the gamma-ray and electron/positron yield expected for weakly interacting DM particle (WIMP) models, including an accurate treatment of the propagation of the charged particle species. We show that unlike in larger DM structures - such as galaxy clusters - spatial diffusion plays here an important role. While Draco would appear as a point-like gamma-ray source, synchrotron emission from electrons and positrons produced by WIMP annihilations features a spatially extended structure. Depending upon the cosmic ray propagation setup and the size of the magnetic fields, the search for a diffuse radio emission from Draco can be a more sensitive indirect DM search probe than gamma rays. Finally, we show that available data are consistent with the presence of a black hole at the center of Draco: if this is indeed the case, very significant enhancements of the rates for gamma rays and other emissions related to DM annihilations are expected.
description: 25 pages, 21 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Superfluid phase diagrams of trapped Fermi gases with population imbalance
Creators: name: Chien, Chih-Chun
name: Chen, Qijin
name: He, Yan
name: Levin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present phase diagrams for population imbalanced, trapped Fermi superfluids near unitarity. In addition to providing quantitative values for the superfluid transition temperature, the pairing onset temperature and the transition line (separating the Sarma and phase separation regimes), we study experimental signatures of these transitions based on density profiles and density differences at the center. Predictions on the BCS side of resonance show unexpected behavior, which should be searched for experimentally.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL
TU intern: die Hochschulzeitung der Technischen Universität Berlin
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke
subject: Hochschulzeitung
subject: Technische Universität
subject: TU Berlin

description: Die Hochschulzeitung "TU intern" berichtet sowohl über Aktuelles aus der Universität als auch über landes- und bundesweite Themen. Sie wendet sich an Mitglieder und Alumni der Universität sowie an Politik, Wirtschaft und Medien. Viele Ideen, neue Tools und gemischte Gefühle: In der Juli-Ausgabe der Hochschulzeitung „TU intern“ erzählen Professor*innen, Dozent*innen, Student*innen und TU-Beschäftigten über ihr Corona-Semester. Es gab Online-Seminare, Web-Konferenzen, Video-Vorträge, Praktika und virtuelle Experimente, sogar Prüfungen im Hotel. Auf zwei Fotoseiten sieht man den TU-Campus im Präsenznotbetrieb. Mit welchen Schwierigkeiten besonders Frauen, auch in der Uni, in den vergangenen Monaten kämpften, offenbarte sich in einer virtuellen Diskussion zur Chancengleichheit. Außerdem gibt es Berichte über aktuelle Forschungsprojekte zu Covid-19, zur Entwicklung neuer Antibiotika oder eines 5G-Kernnetzes, das mit verschiedener Mobilfunktechnik kompatibel ist. Ein Besuch am Stechlinsee gab Einblicke in ein spektakuläres Seelabor und der zweite Teil der Serie über „100 Jahre Groß-Berlin“ geht der Frage nach, wie sich unsere Stadt von der Metropole des Schienenverkehrs zur autogerechten Stadt gewandelt hat.
Oxygen isotope anomalies of the Sun and the original environment of the Solar system
Creators: name: Lee, Jeong-Eun
name: Bergin, Edwin A.
name: Lyons, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a model of oxygen isotopic anomaly production through selective photodissociation of CO within the collapsing proto-Solar cloud. Our model produces a proto-Sun with a wide range of Delta_17O values depending on the intensity of the ultraviolet radiation field. Dramatically different results from two recent Solar wind oxygen isotope measurements indicate that a variety of compositions remain possible for the solar oxygen isotope composition. However, constrained by other measurements from comets and meteorites, our models imply the birth of the Sun in a stellar cluster with an enhanced radiation field and are therefore consistent with a supernova source for 60Fe in meteorites.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in M&PS, typos corrected
A Quantum-Logic Gate between Distant Quantum-Network Modules
Creators: name: Daiss, Severin
name: Langenfeld, Stefan
name: Welte, Stephan
name: Distante, Emanuele
name: Thomas, Philip
name: Hartung, Lukas
name: Morin, Olivier
name: Rempe, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The big challenge in quantum computing is to realize scalable multi-qubit systems with cross-talk free addressability and efficient coupling of arbitrarily selected qubits. Quantum networks promise a solution by integrating smaller qubit modules to a larger computing cluster. Such a distributed architecture, however, requires the capability to execute quantum-logic gates between distant qubits. Here we experimentally realize such a gate over a distance of 60m. We employ an ancillary photon that we successively reflect from two remote qubit modules, followed by a heralding photon detection which triggers a final qubit rotation. We use the gate for remote entanglement creation of all four Bell states. Our non-local quantum-logic gate could be extended both to multiple qubits and many modules for a tailor-made multi-qubit computing register.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables (including Supplemental Material)
Hydrodynamic torque on a steadily rotating slender cylinder
Creators: name: Pierson, Jean-Lou
name: Kharrouba, Mohammed
name: Magnaudet, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using fully-resolved simulations, we investigate the torque experienced by a finite-length circular cylinder rotating steadily perpendicularly to its symmetry axis. The aspect ratio $χ$, i.e. the ratio of the length of the cylinder to its diameter, is varied from 1 to 15. In the creeping-flow regime, we employ the slender-body theory to derive the expression of the torque up to order 4 with respect to the small parameter $1/\ln(2χ)$. Numerical results agree well with the corresponding predictions for $χ\gtrsim3$. We introduce an \textit{ad hoc} modification in the theoretical prediction to fit the numerical results obtained with shorter cylinders, and a second modification to account for the increase of the torque resulting from finite inertial effects. In strongly inertial regimes, a prominent wake pattern made of two pairs of counter-rotating vortices takes place. Nevertheless the flow remains stationary and exhibits two distinct symmetries, one of which implies that the contributions to the torque arising from the two cylinder ends are identical. We build separate empirical formulas for the contributions of pressure and viscous stress to the torque provided by the lateral surface and the cylinder ends. We show that, in each contribution, the dominant scaling law may be inferred from simple physical arguments. This approach eventually results in an empirical formula for the rotation-induced torque valid throughout the range of inertial regimes and aspect ratios considered in the simulations.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
TU intern: die Hochschulzeitung der Technischen Universität Berlin
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke
subject: Hochschulzeitung
subject: Technische Universität
subject: TU Berlin

description: Die Hochschulzeitung "TU intern" berichtet sowohl über Aktuelles aus der Universität als auch über landes- und bundesweite Themen. Sie wendet sich an Mitglieder und Alumni der Universität sowie an Politik, Wirtschaft und Medien. Die Türen der TU Berlin sind für fast alle geschlossen. Doch der Uni-Betrieb läuft weiter. Rund 8000 Beschäftigte arbeiten im Homeoffice, fast 34 000 Studierende sitzen zuhause vor ihren PCs. „Einen Präsenznotbetrieb aus dem Stand zu organisieren und umzusetzen“, sagt TU-Präsident Christian Thomsen, „das verlangt Können, Toleranz und Durchhaltevermögen. Als Präsident dieser wunderbaren Universität bedanke ich mich bei allen dafür sehr!“ Die „TU intern“-Redaktion berichtet in einer Sonderausgabe zur Corona-Krise, wie Krisenstab, Verwaltung, Fakultäten, Labore und Studierendenservices schnell und umsichtig reagiert haben, um den Betrieb aufrecht zu erhalten, und wie sie derzeit arbeiten: Wie sichergestellt wird, dass Gehälter gezahlt und wichtige Rechnungen beglichen werden, dass zu Forschungsanträgen, Immatrikulationen und Prüfungen beraten wird, Online-Ressourcen der Unibibliothek genutzt, Daten sicher ausgetauscht sowie Telefon- und Videokonferenzen abgehalten werden können. Wissenschaftler*innen erzählen, wie sie ihre Experimente in den Laboren gesichert haben und welche im Notbetrieb weiterarbeiten dürfen – weil sie zur Coronaforschung beitragen oder „Amtshilfe“ für externe Testlabore leisten. Außerdem: wie diese Krise als Katalysator auf die Entwicklung der digitalisierten Lehre wirkt, Dozent*innen unterstützt werden und Online-Formate regelrecht aus dem Boden stampfen. Nicht alles läuft sofort perfekt, doch das Sommersemester soll stattfinden!
Upper limit map of a background of gravitational waves
Creators: name: The LIGO Scientific Collaboration
name: Abbott, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We searched for an anisotropic background of gravitational waves using data from the LIGO S4 science run and a method that is optimized for point sources. This is appropriate if, for example, the gravitational wave background is dominated by a small number of distinct astrophysical sources. No signal was seen. Upper limit maps were produced assuming two different power laws for the source strain power spectrum. For an f^-3 power law and using the 50 Hz to 1.8 kHz band the upper limits on the source strain power spectrum vary between 1.2e-48 Hz^-1 (100 Hz/f)^3 and 1.2e-47 Hz^-1 (100 Hz /f)^3, depending on the position in the sky. Similarly, in the case of constant strain power spectrum, the upper limits vary between 8.5e-49 Hz^-1 and 6.1e-48 Hz^-1. As a side product a limit on an isotropic background of gravitational waves was also obtained. All limits are at the 90% confidence level. Finally, as an application, we focused on the direction of Sco-X1, the closest low-mass X-ray binary. We compare the upper limit on strain amplitude obtained by this method to expectations based on the X-ray luminosity of Sco-X1.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Factors Affecting the Savings of Cooperative Members in the City of Calamba Cooperatives and Livelihood Development Department (CLDD)
Creators: name: Espanto, Fatimah S.
name: Dorado, Rowena A.
name: Espanto, Fatimah S.
name: Dorado, Rowena A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Cooperatives
subject: savings

description: Cooperative is a significant tool in savings mobilization. The City of Calamba Cooperatives and Livelihood Development Department (CLDD), established over twenty years, aims for an efficient savings and investment schemes for Calamba residents. This study attempts to identify the determinants of saving behavior of Calamba City cooperative members in assisted by CLDD. Specifically, the study aims to determine the socio-economic characteristics of members, determine the effect of cooperative on the savings of its members, and to determine whether the type of cooperative affects the savings of the members. Using primary and secondary data from the cooperative members and staff of cooperatives members of CLDD in Calamba City, an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) was conducted to determine the factors that affect the savings of cooperative members. Results show that cooperatives affect the savings mobilization of its members. Among the four types of cooperatives, Credit Cooperative affects the savings of its members the most. The length of membership and credit, are both significant and positively related to savings of members. Other variables found to be significantly affecting savings of cooperative members were sex, age, educational attainment and income.
Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Superior (Fundes): regime de colaboração e função supletiva da união no contexto das instituições públicas não federais de ensino superior
Creators: name: Mota Júnior, Antônio de Macêdo
name: Conceição, Sergio Henrique
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 160506 Education Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Este estudo exploratório, bibliográfico e documental apresenta o cenário de tentativas de implementação de mecanismos de financiamento público, voltados às instituições públicas não federais de ensino superior no Brasil. Atualmente, essas instituições são responsáveis por 40% da oferta pública de ensino superior, sendo 67% no interior do país, consequentemente, relevantes para o cumprimento das metas do Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE). Os resultados sinalizam um c enário demandante da implementação de um fundo de manutenção e desenvolvimento da educação superior (Fundes), que possa efetivar o regime de colaboração federativa, tornando mais adequado esse arranjo constitucional, bem como superar o caráter residual desse financiamento e o impacto das recentes limitações de recursos às políticas sociais no Brasil.
Generalized Volume Conjecture and the A-Polynomials -- the Neumann-Zagier Potential Function as a Classical Limit of Quantum Invariant
Creators: name: Hikami, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study quantum invariant Z(M) for cusped hyperbolic 3-manifold M. We construct this invariant based on oriented ideal triangulation of M by assigning to each tetrahedron the quantum dilogarithm function, which is introduced by Faddeev in studies of the modular double of the quantum group. Following Thurston and Neumann-Zagier, we deform a complete hyperbolic structure of M, and correspondingly we define quantum invariant Z(M_u). This quantum invariant is shown to give the Neumann--Zagier potential function in the classical limit, and the A-polynomial can be derived from the potential function. We explain our construction by taking examples of 3-manifolds such as complements of hyperbolic knots and punctured torus bundle over the circle.
Synthesis and reactivity of 14-membered keto lactones
Creators: name: Maurice, Joseph Roger Luc
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A convergent synthesis using dithiane alkylations to produce a long chain hydroxy acid, and subsequent macrolactonization of the latter, yielded the 14-membered macrolides 47 and 58. [ Formulas omitted ] Alkylation of 47 with methyl iodide gave a diastereomeric product mixture of α-methylated lactones with the major product having the 2R*,13S* stereochemistry (71). The product ratio was explained by using low energy starting material conformations combined with MM2 calculations. Alkylation of 58 in the same manner also yielded a mixture with the major product having the 2R*,13S* stereochemistry (77a). [ Formulas omitted ] Hydrolysis of the dithiane ring on 47 and 58 gave the keto lactones 28 and 29 respectively. Reduction of the ketone in 28 yielded a mixture of diastereomeric hydroxy lactones of which the major product had the 5S*,13S* stereochemistry (61); this stereochemistry was confirmed by the X-ray crystallographic structure of the p-bromobenzene sulfonate derivative. Reduction of the ketone in 29 also yielded a diastereomeric mixture of hydroxy lactones; the 7S*,13S* stereochemistry of the major product 67 was suggested by MM2 calculations. [ Formulas omitted ] Treatment of both 28 and 29 with trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate and tert-butyldimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate in the presence of triethylamine gave rise to mixtures of isomeric enol ethers; the product distribution could be partly explained by MM2 calculations based on product conformations.
Quantum control of solid-state qubits for thermodynamic applications
Creators: name: Eastham, Paul R.
name: Murphy, Conor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an overview of our recent theoretical studies of the thermodynamics of excitons, and other solid-state qubits, driven by time-dependent laser fields. We consider a single such emitter and describe how the formation of strong-field dressed states allows the emitter to absorb or emit acoustic phonons in a controlled way. We present results for the heat absorption, and show that the form of the driving field can be tailored to produce different thermodynamic processes, including both reversible and irreversible heat absorption. We discuss these effects from the perspective of quantum thermodynamics and outline the possibility of using them for optical cooling of solids to low temperatures.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Parametric instability in dark molecular clouds
Creators: name: Pandey, B. P.
name: Vladimirov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work investigates the parametric instability of parallel propagating circularly polarized Alfven(pump) waves in a weakly ionized molecular cloud. It is shown that the relative drift between the plasma particles gives rise to the Hall effect resulting in the modified pump wave characteristics. Although the linearized fluid equations with periodic coefficients are difficult to solve analytically, it is shown that a linear transformation can remove the periodic dependence. The resulting linearized equations with constant coefficients are used to derive an algebraic dispersion relation. The growth rate of the parametric instability is a sensitive function of the amplitude of the pump wave as well as to the ratio of the pump and the modified dust-cyclotron frequencies. The instability is insensitive to the plasma-beta The results are applied to the molecular clouds.
description: 27 page, 5 figures, accepted in ApJ
Very short-term power system frequency forecasting
Creators: name: Yurdakul, Ogun
name: Eser, Fatih
name: Sivrikaya, Fikret
name: Albayrak, Sahin
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Technologie
subject: forecasting
subject: frequency control
subject: frequency response
subject: long short-term memory
subject: LSTM
subject: recurrent neural network
subject: RNN

description: Power system frequency plays a pivotal role in ensuring the security, adequacy, and integrity of a power system. While some frequency response services are automatically delivered to maintain the frequency within the stipulated limits, certain cases may require that system operators (SOs) manually intervene-against the clock-to take the necessary preventive or corrective actions. As such, SOs can be greatly aided by practical tools that afford them greater temporal leeway. To this end, we propose a methodology to forecast the power system frequency in the subsequent minute. We perform an extensive analysis so as to identify the factors that influence power system frequency. By effectively exploiting the identified factors, we develop a forecasting methodology that harnesses the long short-term memory model. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology on Great Britain transmission system frequency data using comparative assessments with selected benchmarks based on various evaluation metrics.
Multidimensional Poverty Among Calamansi Farmers in Oriental Mindoro, Philippines: Does Cooperative Membership Matter?
Creators: name: Jimenez, Carolyn D.
name: Mina, Ceptryl S.
name: Catelo, Salvador P.
name: Jimenez, Carolyn D.
name: Mina, Ceptryl S.
name: Catelo, Salvador P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: sustainable development goals
subject: multidimensional poverty index
subject: endogenous switching regression
subject: average treatment effects

description: This study analyzed the role of cooperatives in alleviating poverty among calamansi farming households in Oriental Mindoro, Philippines. The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), and Endogenous Switching Regression (ESR) were employed to analyze the poverty alleviating impacts of cooperative membership. The MPI of farmer-members and non-members were estimated at 1% and 11%, respectively suggesting that more non-member farmers experience multidimensional poverty than farmer-members. Results of the ESR model show that cooperative membership significantly reduces poverty by 4.44 points when assessed in terms of multidimensional deprivation index. In the counterfactual case, non-member farmers would have reduced the deprivation index by about 19.14 had they chosen to be a cooperative member.
The Influence of Ethical Leadership on Employees’ Work-Related Stress and Organizational Commitment: Evidence from a Developing Country
Creators: name: Lantican, Carl Anthony O.
name: Lantican, Carl Anthony O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: ethical leadership
subject: social exchange theory
subject: work-related stress
subject: organizational

description: This paper examined the influence of ethical leadership on work-related stress and employee commitment within the theoretical foundations of social exchange and social learning theories. Rank-and-file employees from a serviceoriented organization were surveyed to measure their perceptions on the ethical behaviors of their leaders and how this is related to work-related stress and employees' organizational commitment. Results verified that in the Philippines, perceived ethical leadership leads to a reduction of employee's work-related stress. Also, the detrimental effect of work-related stress on the organizational commitment of employees was confirmed. However, this effect may be reduced significantly through ethical leadership. It is recommended that companies enforce and practice ethical leadership behaviors to motivate positive behavioral outcomes from employees and circumvent the negative effects of work-related stress.
The Main Injector Particle Physics Experiment (MIPP FNAL E-907) at Fermilab - status and plans
Creators: name: Raja, Rajendran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the status of the Main Injector particle production Experiment (MIPP) at Fermilab which has to date acquired 18 million events of particle interactions using (5 GeV/c-120 GeV/c) $π^\pm, K^\pm$ and $p^\pm$ beams on various targets. We describe plans to upgrade the data acquisition speed of MIPP to make it run 100 times faster which will enable us to obtain particle production data of unprecdented quality and statistics on a wide variety of nuclear targets including nitrogen which is of importance to cosmic ray physics.
description: 8 pages 11 figures To appear in the proceedings of the XIV International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions (ISVHECRI 2006), Weihai, China, on August 15-22, 2006
Current-induced magnetization dynamics in single and double layer magnetic nanopillars grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Creators: name: Müsgens, N.
name: Maynicke, E.
name: Weidenbach, M.
name: Smits, C. J. P.
name: Bückins, M.
name: Mayer, J.
name: Beschoten, B.
name: Güntherodt, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular beam epitaxy is used to fabricate magnetic single and double layer junctions which are deposited in prefabricated nanostencil masks. For all Co | Cu | Co double layer junctions we observe a stable intermediate resistance state which can be reached by current starting from the parallel configuration of the respective ferromagnetic layers. The generation of spin waves is investigated at room temperature in the frequency domain by spectrum analysis, demonstrating both in-plane and out-of-plane precessions of the magnetization of the free magnetic layer. Current-induced magnetization dynamics in magnetic single layer junctions of Cu | Co | Cu has been investigated in magnetic fields which are applied perpendicular to the magnetic layer. We find a hysteretic switching in the current sweeps with resistance changes significantly larger than the anisotropic magnetoresistance effect.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
title: Οι καλές πρακτικές κοινωνικής συμμετοχής ως παράγοντας της ενεργειακής μετάβασης στα νησιά
title: The good practices of social participation as a factor of the energy transition in the islands
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Τραγουλιά, Θεοδώρα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Κοινωνική συμμετοχή
Ενεργειακή μετάβαση
Νησιά
Καλές πρακτικές

description: Το θέμα της εργασίας εστιάζεται στις πρακτικές, οι οποίες θα αποδώσουν μεγάλο ποσοστό κοινωνικής συμμετοχής, με σκοπό να επιταχυνθεί η ενεργή συμμετοχή των κατοίκων σ’ αυτή την τομή που θα συντελεστεί στην τοπική κοινωνία. Κάτι τέτοιο θα επιφέρει αλλαγές στην καθημερινότητα, στη λειτουργία του κοινωνικού συνόλου και τα αποτελέσματα θα είναι εμφανή σε όλες τις δράσεις. Ενεργειακή μετάβαση ορίζεται η κατεύθυνση προς τις καθαρές μορφές ενέργειας και τη σταδιακή απεξάρτηση από τις συμβατικές τεχνολογίες. Τα ελληνικά νησιά δίνουν ευκαιρίες, οι οποίες είναι ευνοϊκές για ενεργειακό σχεδιασμό, που σχετίζεται με την αύξηση της ενεργειακής αποδοτικότητας και της εξοικονόμησης ενέργειας, στην αξιοποίηση ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας, τη χρήση ανανεώσιμης ενέργειας – μέσω της εκμετάλλευσης ανεξάντλητων και αστείρευτων ενεργειακών πόρων και επιπροσθέτων το σχεδιασμό μίας δυναμικής και με πλήρη επίγνωση κοινότητας, η οποία θα εφαρμόσει τις διεργασίες ενεργειακής μετάβασης σε ανανεώσιμες πηγές ολιστικά και οργανωμένα. Δεν υπάρχει αμφιβολία ότι κάθε νησί έχει τη δική του γεωγραφία, ιστορία, πολιτισμό και κοινωνικοοικονομική κατάσταση, που λαμβάνονται υπόψη. Επιπλέον, οι στρατηγικές φάσεις και τα βήματα πριν από το σχεδιασμό καταγράφονται.. Παρέχονται δραστηριότητες υποστήριξης και πολύ σημαντικό είναι ότι τα νησιά που δραστηριοποιούνται σ’ αυτήν την πρωτοβουλία συμβάλλουν στη συλλογή πρακτικών εμπειριών. Η παρούσα εργασία επιχειρεί να αναδείξει τη σημασία του ρόλου που διαδραματίζει το κοινωνικό σύνολο. Εάν αυτή η προσπάθεια συνοδεύεται με ισχυρά επιχειρήματα για τα οφέλη της μετάβασης και εάν πειστεί με ισχυρά επιχειρήματα για τα οφέλη της ενεργειακής μετάβασης θα συμβάλει σημαντικά στην ταχύτερη επίτευξη του στόχου, που είναι η χρήση καθαρής ενέργειας, η αυτάρκεια για την κάλυψη ενεργειακών αναγκών των νησιών και φυσικά ένα καθαρό περιβάλλον για όλους. Οι δραστηριότητες που έχουν σχεδιαστεί επικεντρώνονται στην ενεργή δράση των πολιτών μέσα από τις επιχειρήσεις, των σχολείων και των τοπικών συλλόγων. Το αποτέλεσμα από αυτή την προσπάθεια θα είναι το πνεύμα συνεργασίας που θα καλλιεργηθεί, η εκπαίδευση των νέων για μορφές καθαρής ενέργειας και η απεξάρτηση από τις συμβατικές τεχνολογίες. Επομένως και η συγκεκριμένη εργασία σκοπό έχει να αναδείξει την επιτακτική ανάγκη για ενεργειακή μετάβαση των νησιών, να αφυπνίσει την τοπική κοινωνία ότι ο ρόλος της επιβάλλεται να είναι ενεργός για την πλήρη επιτυχία του προγράμματος ενεργειακή μετάβαση των νησιωτικών περιοχών.
First-principles calculation of electronic polarization of III-V nanotubes
Creators: name: Otsuka, Jun
name: Ono, Tomoya
name: Hirose, Kikuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A first-principles study of the electronic polarization of BN and AlN nanotubes and their graphitic sheets under an external electric field has been performed. We found that the polarization per atom of zigzag nanotubes increases with decreasing diameter while that of armchair nanotubes decreases. The variation of the polarization is related to the exterior angle of the bonds around the B or Al atoms rather than that around the N atoms. The increase in the polarization of the zigzag nanotubes with decreasing diameter is caused by the large variation of the exterior angle when they are wrapped into the tubular form. On the other hand, the decrease in the bond length results in the weak polarization of thin armchair nanotubes.
description: 12 pages. to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Long-term evolution of a merger-remnant neutron star in general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics I: Effect of magnetic winding
Creators: name: Shibata, Masaru
name: Fujibayashi, Sho
name: Sekiguchi, Yuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-term ideal and resistive magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations in full general relativity are performed for a massive neutron star formed as a remnant of binary neutron star mergers. Neutrino radiation transport effects are taken into account as in our previous papers. The simulation is performed in axial symmetry and without considering dynamo effects as a first step. In the ideal MHD, the differential rotation of the remnant neutron star amplifies the magnetic-field strength by the winding in the presence of a seed poloidal field until the electromagnetic energy reaches $\sim 10\%$ of the rotational kinetic energy, $E_{\rm kin}$, of the neutron star. The timescale until the maximum electromagnetic energy is reached depends on the initial magnetic-field strength and it is $\sim 1$ s for the case that the initial maximum magnetic-field strength is $\sim 10^{15}$ G. After a significant amplification of the magnetic-field strength by the winding, the magnetic braking enforces the initially differentially rotating state approximately to a rigidly rotating state. In the presence of the resistivity, the amplification is continued only for the resistive timescale, and if the maximum electromagnetic energy reached is smaller than $\sim 3\%$ of $E_{\rm kin}$, the initial differential rotation state is approximately preserved. In the present context, the post-merger mass ejection is induced primarily by the neutrino irradiation/heating and the magnetic winding effect plays only a minor role for the mass ejection.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
The shape and erosion of pebbles
Creators: name: Durian, D. J.
name: Bideaud, H.
name: Duringer, P.
name: Schroder, A.
name: Marques, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shapes of flat pebbles may be characterized in terms of the statistical distribution of curvatures measured along their contours. We illustrate this new method for clay pebbles eroded in a controlled laboratory apparatus, and also for naturally-occurring rip-up clasts formed and eroded in the Mont St.-Michel bay. We find that the curvature distribution allows finer discrimination than traditional measures of aspect ratios. Furthermore, it connects to the microscopic action of erosion processes that are typically faster at protruding regions of high curvature. We discuss in detail how the curvature may be reliable deduced from digital photographs.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
Arbitrary Wave Transformations with Huygens' Metasurfaces through Surface-Wave Optimization
Creators: name: Ataloglou, Vasileios G.
name: Eleftheriades, George V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Huygens' metasurfaces have demonstrated the ability to tailor electromagnetic wavefronts with passive low-profile structures. The fundamental constraint enabling passive and ideally lossless solutions is the conservation of the normal real power locally along the metasurface. In this work, we examine the use of auxiliary surface waves to overcome this limitation and design Huygens' metasurfaces for wave transformations with different incident and output power density profiles. The developed method relies on the optimization of a surface-wave distribution that is utilized to redistribute the power at the input side of the metasurface without incurring any reflections. A full design example is presented with a linear patch array along the H-plane illuminating a metasurface that produces uniform output fields along the E-plane. A high aperture illumination efficiency of 92% is obtained despite the small distance between the source and the metasurface. Moreover, the effects of the evanescent spectrum to the losses and the bandwidth of the structure are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Sex-ratio and body size plasticity in two cold-adapted ground beetles co-occurring in a periglacial area of the European Alps (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Creators: name: Ornaghi, Simone
name: Valle, Barbara
name: Caccianiga, Marco
name: Seppi, Roberto
name: Gobbi, Mauro
Publisher: name: Fragmenta entomologica
Year: 2023

description: Differences in the sex-ratio and morphometric parameters in cold-adapted ground beetles were analysed to investigate environmental heterogeneity at small scale in a periglacial contest of the European Alps. Four hundred and thirty specimens of two cold-adapted ground beetles – Nebria germarii (Heer, 1837) and Nebria castanea (Bonelli 1810) – were analysed in order to test the presence of variation in sex-ratio, sexual dimorphism and morphometric parameters in relation to the occurrence of ice, and other environmental variables. Specifically, the populations found on an ice-related landform (active rock glacier) were compared with those on ice-free landforms (a fossil rock glacier and a scree slope). Both species experience sex-dependent morphometric plasticity. In addition, sex-ratio is female-biased,supporting female pioneering tendency in all the studied landforms. Two morphometric parameters resulted indirectly affected by the presence/absence of ice in the terrain: the head width decreases, while elytra width increases passing from ice-free to ice-related landform. Both these morphometric differences may be related to the increase of intra/interspecific competition and to the lower trophic availability. This study highlights that even if these high altitude cold-adapted species are able to survive on ice-free landforms, they probably find more favourable conditions on ice-related landforms. Since the two species show different sensitivity to the ice-presence, it is not always possible to detect this preference through abundances variability (e.g for N. castanea), but it necessary to use more detailed morphometric analysis. Head width and elytra width are good candidates as response traits of interstitial ice occurrence in stony terrains.
description: Fragmenta entomologica, Vol. 55 No. 1 (2023)
Household Awareness on the Consequences of Untreated Wastewater in Traditional Agro-Food Processing Villages in Nhue-Day River Basin, Vietnam
Creators: name: Trang, Tran Thi Thu
name: Rañola, Robeta F.
name: Garcia, Yolanda T.
name: Trang, Tran Thi Thu
name: Rañola, Robeta F.
name: Garcia, Yolanda T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: untreated wastewater
subject: agro-food processing households
subject: Ordered Logit Model
subject: household awareness

description: The study sought to evaluate the household's awareness of the risks of untreated wastewater on health, agricultural production, environment, and recreational activities. A survey was conducted on 276 agro-food processing households residing on the Nhue-Day river basin in Vietnam. An Ordered Logit Model (OLM) determined that age, educational attainment of the household head, and household's monthly income were the main factors that affect the household's awareness of the effects and consequences of untreated wastewater. Results showed that these factors positively affected the household's awareness of the adverse effects of untreated wastewater health, environment, agricultural production, and recreational activities.
Mixtures of ultracold fermions with unequal masses
Creators: name: Iskin, M.
name: de Melo, C. A. R. Sa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the phase diagram of superfluidity for two-species fermion mixtures from the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) to Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) limit as a function of scattering parameter, population imbalance and mass anisotropy. We identify regions corresponding to normal, or uniform/non-uniform superfluid phases, and discuss topological quantum phase transitions in the BCS, unitarity and BEC limits. We derive the Ginzburg-Landau equation near the critical temperature, and show that it describes a dilute mixture of paired and unpaired fermions in the BEC limit. We also obtain the zero temperature low frequency and long wavelength collective excitation spectrum, and recover the Bogoliubov relation for weakly interacting dilute bosons in the BEC limit. Lastly, we discuss the effects of harmonic traps and the resulting density profiles in the BEC regime.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures. Extended version of cond-mat/0606624
Effective strain manipulation of the antiferromagnetic state of polycrystalline NiO
Creators: name: Barra, A.
name: Ross, A.
name: Gomonay, O.
name: Baldrati, L.
name: Chavez, A.
name: Lebrun, R.
name: Schneider, J. D.
name: Shirazi, P.
name: Wang, Q.
name: Sinova, J.
name: Carman, G. P.
name: Kläui, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a candidate material for applications such as magnetic memory, polycrystalline antiferromagnets offer the same robustness to external magnetic fields, THz spin dynamics, and lack of stray field as their single crystalline counterparts, but without the limitation of epitaxial growth and lattice matched substrates. Here, we first report the detection of the average Neel vector orientiation in polycrystalline NiO via spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR). Secondly, by applying strain through a piezo-electric substrate, we reduce the critical magnetic field required to reach a saturation of the SMR signal, indicating a change of the anisotropy. Our results are consistent with polycrystalline NiO exhibiting a positive sign of the in-plane magnetostriction. This method of anisotropy-tuning offers an energy efficient, on-chip alternative to manipulate a polycrystalline antiferromagnets magnetic state.
Factors Influencing Consumption Behavior of Choco-Carabao Milk in Visayas State University (VSU), Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines
Creators: name: Preciados, Lemuel S.
name: Catchero, Fatima C.
name: Preciados, Lemuel S.
name: Catchero, Fatima C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: market study
subject: consumption behavior
subject: choco-carabao milk
subject: Philippine Carabao Center

description: This study assessed the factors influencing the consumption behavior of Philippine Carabao Center's (PCC) choco-carabao milk at Visayas State University (VSU), Baybay CityLeyte. Using proportionate random sampling, the study surveyed a total of 630 respondents. Consumption behavior was measured through the frequency of purchase, the number of bottles purchased per week, and the estimated weekly budget and expenditure for choco-carabao milk. These behaviors were analyzed using three different regression models. Results showed that different variables affected these measures of consumption behavior. The frequency of purchasing was mostly influenced by parental influence and the level of education of faculty and staff. On the other hand, the number of bottles purchased per week was negatively affected by the level of education, the distance of the shop, and the friendliness of store staff. Finally, the weekly budget for choco-carabao milk was negatively affected by the distance to the store and the price of the product.
Impact of astrophysical processes on the gamma-ray background from dark matter annihilations
Creators: name: Ahn, Eun-Joo
name: Bertone, Gianfranco
name: Merritt, David
name: Zhang, Pengjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of astrophysical processes on the gamma-ray background produced by the annihilation of dark matter particles in cosmological halos, with particular attention to the consequences of the formation of supermassive black holes. In scenarios where these objects form adiabatically from the accretion of matter on small seeds, dark matter is first compressed into very dense ``spikes'', then its density progressively decreases due to annihilations and scattering off of stellar cusps. With respect to previous analyses, based on non-evolving halos, the predicted annihilation signal is higher and significantly distorted at low energies, reflecting the large contribution to the total flux from unevolved spikes at high redshifts. The peculiar spectral feature arising from the specific redshift distribution of the signal, would discriminate the proposed scenario from more conventional astrophysical explanations. We discuss how this affects the prospects for detection and demonstrate that the gamma-ray background from DM annihilations might be detectable even in absence of a signal from the Galactic center.
description: 12 pages 8 figures, version accepted for publication in PRD
The impact of warfare on the structure of ant assemblages on trees (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Creators: name: Stukalyuk, Stanislav
name: Kozyr, Mykola
Publisher: name: Fragmenta entomologica
Year: 2023

description: Military actions cause great harm to the environment, as well as to biocenoses. The effect of hostilities on ants remained unexplored. The life cycle of the colony and the activity of ants is associated with a constant source of resources - aphid colonies on trees. In the case of massive damage to trees, one can expect a negative effect on large colonies of ants visiting trees. The purpose of the study is to study the relationship between the degree of damage to tree plantations and changes in the structure of ant communities as a result of hostilities. The study was conducted in August 2022 on the territory of the cities of Irpin and Bucha (Kyiv region, Ukraine), six months after the Russian attack on Ukraine (02/24/2022). Intense fighting took place in Irpin and Bucha from the end of February until April 2022. The degree of destruction of the infrastructure of Bucha was 26%, Irpin 71%. 200 trees were examined in Bucha and 201 in Irpin. Tree type, diameter, degree of damage (from 0 to 5), distances between trees and distance to buildings were evaluated. The number of ants was counted on tree trunks (2 minutes each count). 11 species of ants were found on 12 tree species. The most visited by ants are oak (Quercus robur L.), linden (Tilia cordata L.). In Bucha, most of the trees are class 0, intact, in Irpin - class 1 damage and above. In parks, the number of damaged trees is 1.5 times higher than in tree plantations. The number of damaged trees in both cities decreases as the damage class increases. In Bucha, 1.3 times more ants were found on trees than in Irpin, and there were 2 times more ants in tree alleys than in parks. Pairwise comparison of tree damage and ant activity revealed an association (F=10.47, p=0.001). The largest number of ants on trees of 0-1 degree, 2-3 times less on trees of 2-3 degrees, at least on the 4th, on the trees of 5th degree ants are absent. The tree species is important for ants (F=28.68, p≤0.001), oaks are visited more often than other species of trees. The most visited by ants are undamaged trees and trees of the 1st degree of damage: F=5.014, p=0.026 for oaks and F=8.721, p=0.003 for lindens. Tree diameter is important for ants (F=5.894, p=0.015), trees with a diameter of 0.3-0.7 m are more frequently visited. Therefore, damage to large and mature trees as a result of fighting more significantly affects ant communities. The results obtained indicate that the ants prefer to visit larger trees of certain species (oaks), but with a degree of damage up to 3rd. The hostilities can have a negative effect on ant communities within the next five months after they leave their wintering grounds.
description: Fragmenta entomologica, Vol. 55 No. 1 (2023)