cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multi-band transit follow up observations of five hot-Jupiters with critical noise treatments: Improved physical properties
Creators: name: Saha, Suman
name: Chakrabarty, Aritra
name: Sengupta, Sujan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most challenging limitation in transit photometry arises from the noises in the photometric signal. In particular, the ground-based telescopes are heavily affected by the noise due to perturbation in the Earth's atmosphere. Use of telescopes with large apertures can improve the photometric signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) to a great extent. However, detecting a transit signal out of a noisy light curve of the host star and precisely estimating the transit parameters call for various noise reduction techniques. Here, we present multi-band transit photometric follow-up observations of five hot-Jupiters e.g., HAT-P-30 b, HAT-P-54 b, WASP-43 b, TrES-3 b and XO-2 N b, using the 2m Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT) at the Indian Astronomical Observatory, Hanle and the 1.3m J. C. Bhattacharya Telescope (JCBT) at the Vainu Bappu Observatory, Kavalur. Our critical noise treatment approach includes techniques such as Wavelet Denoising and Gaussian Process regression, which effectively reduce both time-correlated and time-uncorrelated noise components from our transit light curves. In addition to these techniques, use of our state-of-the-art model algorithms have allowed us to estimate the physical properties of the target exoplanets with a better accuracy and precision compared to the previous studies.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
The Dimensions of Morphosyntactic Variation: Whorf, Greenberg and Nichols were right
Creators: name: Kalyan, Siva
name: Donohue, Mark
Publisher: name: Linguistic Typology at the Crossroads
Year: 2023

description: We examine a database of 3089 languages coded for 351 morphosyntactic features, including almost all of the morphosyntactic features found in The World Atlas of Language Structures (Dryer & Haspelmath 2013). We apply Factor Analysis of Mixed Data, and determine that the main dimensions of global morphological variation involve (1) word order in clauses and adpositional phrases, (2) head- versus dependent-marking, and (3) a set of features that show an east-west distribution. We find roughly the same features clustering in similar dimensions when we examine individual macro-areas, thus confirming the universal relevance of these groupings of features, as encapsulated in well-known implicational universals. This study confirms established insights in linguistic typology, extending earlier research to a much larger set of languages, and uncovers a number of areal patterns in the data.
description: Linguistic Typology at the Crossroads, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023)
Additional file 1 of An e-learning pediatric cardiology curriculum for Pediatric Postgraduate trainees in Rwanda: implementation and evaluation
Creators: name: Rusingiza, Emmanuel
name: Alizadeh, Faraz
name: Wolbrink, Traci
name: Mutamba, Barbra
name: Vinci, Samuel
name: Profita, Elizabeth L.
name: Rulisa, Steven
name: DelSignore, Lisa
name: Solis, Jessica
name: Geggel, Robert
name: Wilson, Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Problems of Star Formation Theory and Prospects of Submillimeter Observations
Creators: name: Wiebe, D. Z.
name: Kirsanova, M. S.
name: Shustov, B. M.
name: Pavlyuchenkov, Ya. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider current state of star formation theory and requirements to observations in millimeter and submillimeter ranges which are necessary for resolution of the most actual problems of the physics of star formation. Two key features of star-forming regions which define observational requirements to their studies, are relatively low energy of processes that take place there and smallness of corresponding spatial scales. This is especially true for the objects in the latest stages of ``pre-stellar'' evolution, that is, hot cores, hyper- and ultracompact HII regions, and protoplanetary disks. Angular resolution, sensitivity, and spectral coverage in existing projects of ground-based and space telescopes of submillimeter and millimeter range are not completely adequate to necessary requirements. To obtain detailed information on star-forming regions as well as on individual protostars it is necessary to employ a space-based interferometer.
description: Astronomy Reports, in press, 14 pages, 3 figures
The weighted complexity and the determinant functions of graphs
Creators: name: Kim, Dongseok
name: Kwon, Young Soo
name: Lee, Jaeun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50, 05C25, 15A15, 15A18

description: The complexity of a graph can be obtained as a derivative of a variation of the zeta function or a partial derivative of its generalized characteristic polynomial evaluated at a point [\textit{J. Combin. Theory Ser. B}, 74 (1998), pp. 408--410]. A similar result for the weighted complexity of weighted graphs was found using a determinant function [\textit{J. Combin. Theory Ser. B}, 89 (2003), pp. 17--26]. In this paper, we consider the determinant function of two variables and discover a condition that the weighted complexity of a weighted graph is a partial derivative of the determinant function evaluated at a point. Consequently, we simply obtain the previous results and disclose a new formula for the Bartholdi zeta function. We also consider a new weighted complexity, for which the weights of spanning trees are taken as the sum of weights of edges in the tree, and find a similar formula for this new weighted complexity. As an application, we compute the weighted complexities of the product of the complete graphs.
Hubble Frontier Field Clusters and their Parallel Fields: Photometric and Photometric Redshift Catalogs
Creators: name: Pagul, A.
name: Sánchez, F. J.
name: Davidzon, I.
name: Mobasher, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-band analysis of the six Hubble Frontier Field clusters and their parallel fields, producing catalogs with measurements of source photometry and photometric redshifts. We release these catalogs to the public along with maps of intracluster light and models for the brightest galaxies in each field. This rich data set covers a wavelength range from 0.2 to 8 $μm$, utilizing data from the Hubble Space Telescope, Keck Observatories, Very Large Telescope array, and Spitzer Space Telescope. We validate our products by injecting into our fields and recovering a population of synthetic objects with similar characteristics as in real extragalactic surveys. The photometric catalogs contain a total of over 32,000 entries with 50\% completeness at a threshold of $\mathrm{mag_{AB}}\sim 29.1$ for unblended sources, and $\mathrm{mag_{AB}}\sim 29$ for blended ones, in the IR-Weighted detection band. Photometric redshifts were obtained by means of template fitting and have an average outlier fraction of 10.3\% and scatter $σ= 0.067$ when compared to spectroscopic estimates. The software we devised, after being tested in the present work, will be applied to new data sets from ongoing and future surveys.
description: Accepted in ApJS, 26 pages, 20 figures
title: Ιατρικές πράξεις αισθητικής πλαστικής χειρουργικής και δερματολογίας: Η επίδραση της παραπληροφόρησης στο διαδίκτυο & στα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης και οι επιπτώσεις στη δημόσια υγεία
title: Aesthetic plastic surgery and dermatology medical procedures: The impact of internet and social media misinformation and the effect on public health
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Βούρτσης, Σπυρίδων
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ψευδείς Ειδήσεις
Παραπληροφόρηση
Αισθητική Πλαστική Χειρουργική
Δερματολογία
Μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης
Διαδίκτυο
Fake News
Misinformation
Aesthetic plastic surgery
Dermatology
Social media
Internet

description: Εισαγωγή: Το διαδίκτυο και τα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης αποτελούν, στη σύγχρονη εποχή, έναν από τους βασικούς τρόπους επικοινωνίας και ενημέρωσης, συμπεριλαμβανομένων και των πληροφοριών για τα θέματα υγείας, με τις ιατρικές πράξεις που αφορούν στην εξωτερική εμφάνιση και στην υγεία του δέρματος, να βρίσκονται πολύ ψηλά στις προτιμήσεις των χρηστών. Όμως, παρά τα όποια οφέλη που προκύπτουν, η παραπληροφόρηση και η διάδοση ψευδών ειδήσεων συνιστούν έναν μεγάλο κίνδυνο. Σκοπός και στόχοι: Σκοπός της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η ανάδειξη των ζητημάτων που προκύπτουν από την επίδραση της παραπληροφόρησης μέσω του διαδικτύου και των μέσων κοινωνικής δικτύωσης, στο κοινό και στους παρόχους των υπηρεσιών αυτών, σε σχέση με τις ιατρικές πράξεις Αισθητικής Πλαστικής Χειρουργικής και Δερματολογίας και η επίπτωση που έχει αυτό στη Δημόσια Υγεία. Οι βασικοί στόχοι είναι η καταγραφή των οφελών και των προβλημάτων, αλλά και η εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων και η εξεύρεση λύσεων με προτεινόμενες δράσεις. Μεθοδολογία: Πραγματοποιήθηκε συστηματική βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση στις βάσεις δεδομένων PubMed και Scopus ακολουθώντας τη μέθοδο PRISMA και εφαρμόζοντας τα κριτήρια PICOS. Αναζητήθηκαν απλές και συστηματικές ανασκοπήσεις, την περίοδο 2014-2024, που ήταν γραμμένες στα Αγγλικά, με συγκεκριμένους όρους αναζήτησης και λέξεις κλειδιά. Αποτελέσματα: Μετά την εφαρμογή των κριτηρίων, προέκυψαν 15 κατάλληλες ανασκοπήσεις από τα αρχικώς 935 ανευρεθέντα άρθρα. Έπειτα από την λεπτομερή ανάλυσή τους αναδείχθηκαν ζητήματα, πέρα από την επίδραση της παραπληροφόρησης, όπως η ασφάλεια των προσωπικών δεδομένων, η ποιότητα των πληροφοριών και των παρεχομένων υπηρεσιών, ο ρόλος των μη αδειοδοτημένων ατόμων, οι σχέσεις μεταξύ επαγγελματιών υγείας και ασθενών και οι ανάγκες σε ρυθμιστικό πλαίσιο. Συμπεράσματα: Καθίσταται απόλυτα σαφές ότι η παραπληροφόρηση σχετικά με τα θέματα Αισθητικής Πλαστικής Χειρουργικής και Δερματολογίας, αποτελεί κίνδυνο για την ατομική και Δημόσια Υγεία. Η πολιτεία οφείλει να παρέχει την κατάλληλη νομική προστασία και τη δυνατότητα εκπαίδευσης στον χρήστη ώστε να είναι σε θέση να φιλτράρει την πληροφορία που λαμβάνει.
The process of educational change : a staff development initiative in two school districts
Creators: name: Edwards, Constance Louise
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study explored, described, and attempted to explain the process of change in two school districts in British Columbia. The study sought to determine why and how the two districts selected and put into place the same staff development program. A comparative case study method was used. A purposive sample of thirty-two persons from the two districts was interviewed to obtain their perceptions of the processes of change in their respective districts. The individuals in the sample represented three levels of district organizational structure -- classroom teachers, school principals, and district officials. Other data sources were district documents and the researcher's field notes. The data were first analyzed descriptively using as a framework Fullan's three phases of the change process: (1) initiation, (2) implementation, and (3) continuation (including perceived outcomes). Secondly, a comparative analysis between the districts was undertaken. Thirdly, an interpretive analysis, in relation to the current literature on change in education was completed. The three analyses yielded twenty-nine findings, most of which are in accord with the current literature. Some findings, however, do not fit that literature. An analysis of these findings has led to speculative conclusions in the following areas: (1) explaining program selection, (2) emphasizing the importance of certain process issues (timing, conflict, and central office involvement), (3) participation of personnel in relation to position in the organizational structure, and (4) the importance of context. Four recommendations based on the findings and conclusions are made. Two are addressed to practitioners: (1) careful attention should be paid to the contemporary literature because it does explain much of what happens, (2) practitioners should consider carefully the lessons to be learned from local variations because every case appears to have its contingencies that affect the process. The other two recommendations are addressed to those who would do further research: (3) future research which seeks to explain what it is that accounts for local variations could enhance our understanding of change, and (4) a number of methodological limitations of the present study should be addressed in future research attempts of this kind.
Evolution of topological defects at two sequential phase transitions of Nd2SrFe2O7
Creators: name: Huang, Fei-Ting
name: Li, Yanbin
name: Xue, Fei
name: Kim, Jae-Wook
name: Zhang, Lunyong
name: Chu, Ming-Wen
name: Chen, Long-Qing
name: Cheong, Sang-Wook
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How topological defects, unavoidable at symmetry-breaking phase transitions in a wide range of systems, evolve through consecutive phase transitions with different broken symmetries remains unexplored. Nd2SrFe2O7, a bilayer ferrite, exhibits two intriguing structural phase transitions and dense networks of the so-called type-II Z8 structural vortices at room temperature, so it is an ideal system to explore the topological defect evolution. From our extensive experimental investigation, we demonstrate that the cooling rate at the second-order transition (1290oC) plays a decisive role in determining the vortex density at room temperature, following the universal Kibble-Zurek mechanism. In addition, we discovered a transformation between topologically-distinct vortices (Z8 to Z4 vortices) at the first-order transition (550oC), which conserves the number of vortex cores. Remarkably, the Z4 vortices consist of two phases with an identical symmetry but two distinct magnitudes of an order parameter. Furthermore, when lattice distortion is enhanced by chemical doping, a new type of topological defects emerges: loop domain walls with orthorhombic distortions in the tetragonal background, resulting in unique pseudo-orthorhombic twins. Our findings open a new avenue to explore the evolution of topological defects through multiple phase transitions.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Πως η υιοθέτηση ESG κριτηρίων συμβάλει στην πιστοληπτική αξιολόγηση των πελατών κατά τη χορήγηση τραπεζικών δανείων από τις τράπεζες
Creators: name: Κανάκης, Βύρων Φραγκίσκος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Κριτήρια ESG
subject: Πιστοληπτικά κριτήρια αξιολόγησης
subject: Δανειοληπτικά πρότυπα

description: Τα τελευταία χρόνια παρατηρείται μια αυξητική τάση των επιχειρήσεων να ενσωματώνουν συνεχώς στο ενεργητικό τους τα κριτήρια ESG (environmental, social and governance factors). Με την παγκόσμια οικονομική κρίση να χτυπάει τις αγορές οι δανειολήπτες δυσκολεύτηκαν αρκετά να τηρήσουν τις υποχρεώσεις τους γεγονός που οδήγησε το σύνολο των τραπεζών να αναθεωρήσουν τα πιστοληπτικά κριτήρια αξιολόγησης των πελατών με σκοπό να εξασφαλιστεί η απαραίτητη φερεγγυότητα αποπληρωμής και η αποφυγή πιστωτικού κινδύνου. Η καινούργια πρωτοβουλία του τραπεζικού συστήματος είναι να συγκεντρώνει πάντα πληροφορίες και στοιχεία των υποψηφίων δανειοληπτών ως προς την εφαρμογή των ESG παραγόντων στα επιχειρηματικά τους σχέδια. Έτσι, καθιερώνονται σύγχρονα δανειοληπτικά πρότυπα που ανταποκρίνονται άμεσα στις απαιτήσεις των καιρών, προωθώντας ταυτόχρονα ισχυρά κίνητρα στον επιχειρηματικό κλάδο να υιοθετήσει και τις βιώσιμες πρακτικές στις ήδη υπάρχουσες στρατηγικές του. Αδιαφιλονίκητα, οι βασικοί παράγοντες ESG θα παίξουν στο μέλλον πρωταγωνιστικό ρόλο στην οργάνωση των επιχειρήσεων με τα τραπεζικά συστήματα να εξειδικεύουν όλο και περισσότερο τους πιθανούς τρόπους χορήγησης δανείων αλλά και τη μέθοδο αξιολόγησης της πιστοληπτικής ικανότητας.
Spanish as an argument-indexing language. A view from the analysis of Colombian Andean Spanish
Creators: name: Ibáñez Cerda, Sergio
name: Mora Bustos, Armando
name: Ortiz Villegas, Alejandra
Publisher: name: Linguistic Typology at the Crossroads
Year: 2023

description: Spanish is considered a dependent-marking language in which argument realization is accomplished through the coding of lexical or referential phrases (RPs). This counter-proposal suggests that it is an argument-indexing language, one where the argument realization is carried out by means of person forms or indexes attached to the verbal word. To prove this, we show that in Standard Spanish (SS) subject and indirect object RPs are not coded in most cases, and that the verb plus the indexes can function as a complete clause. To further discuss these ideas, we analyze Colombian Andean Spanish (CAS), in which DO arguments are also mostly coded through clitic person forms, so CAS has a three index system. We propose that the argument features load is coded in a distributed fashion: the indexes are the syntactic expression of arguments, while the RPs manifest their semantic and pragmatic content.
description: Linguistic Typology at the Crossroads, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023)
Noise excess free record/upload of non-classical states to continuous-variable quantum memory
Creators: name: Filip, Radim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent continuous-variable quantum memory experiment, one quadrature of light pulse is directly uploaded by the light-atom coupling whereas complementary quadrature is obtained by homodyne measurement of the out-coupled light. Subsequently, information from homodyne mea- surement is written into the memory by feed-back electro-optical control of the atomic state. Using the same experimental set-up, a deterministic noise excess free record of unknown quantum states to continuous-variable quantum atomic memory is proposed. Further, the memory experiment is extended by the pre-squeezing of the recorded state of light and squeezing post-correction of the recorded state. To upload a resource to the memory, as single-photon state or superposition of co- herent states, the post-selection of the measurement results from homodyne detection is suggested. Then such the probabilistic upload approaches even a lossless transfer of these highly nonclassical states into the quantum memory.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, submitted September 11, 2007
Additional file 1 of Improving the performance of models for one-step retrosynthesis through re-ranking
Creators: name: Lin, Min Htoo
name: Tu, Zhengkai
name: Coley, Connor W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Additional details of molecular representations, datasets and preprocessing steps, hyperparameters for model experiments, additional re-ranking results and metrics, and example incorrect re-ranking predictions.
Stellar Structure and Stability of Charged Interacting Quark Stars and Their Scaling Behaviour
Creators: name: Zhang, Chen
name: Gammon, Michael
name: Mann, Robert B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the stellar structure and radial stability of charged quark stars composed of interacting quark matter (IQM) in three classes of commonly used charge models. We adopt a general parametrization of IQM equation of state that includes the corrections from perturbative QCD, color superconductivity, and the strange quark mass into one parameter $λ$, or one dimensionless parameter $\barλ=λ^2/(4B_{\rm eff})$ after being rescaled with the effective bag constant $B_{\rm eff}$. We find that increasing charge tends to increase the mass and radius profiles, and enlarges the separation size in mass between the maximum mass point and the point where zero eigenfrequencies $ω^2_0=0$ of the fundamental radial oscillation mode occur. The sign of the separation in central density depends on the charge model; this separation also has a dependence on $λ$ such that increasing $λ$ (which can occur for either large color superconductivity or small strange quark mass) tends to decrease this separation size for the first and third classes of charge models monotonically. Moreover, for the second and third classes of charge models, we manage to numerically and analytically identify a new kind of stellar structure with a zero central pressure but a finite radius and mass. All the calculations and analysis are performed in a general dimensionless rescaling approach so that the results are independent of explicit values of dimensional parameters.
description: Published version. Typos are fixed. Axes with dimensional labels are added in each plot. 17 pages, 7 figures
Types of clitics in the world’s languages
Creators: name: Haspelmath, Martin
Publisher: name: Linguistic Typology at the Crossroads
Year: 2023

description: This paper offers and discusses a simple definition of the term clitic from a comparative perspective: A clitic is a bound morph that is neither an affix nor a root. It gives examples of several semantic and positional types of clitics from a wide range of languages, and it discusses some typical phonological effects associated with clitics. In the proposed definition, the crucial contrast between affixes and clitics is that affixes are class-selective (occurring always on nouns, on verbs, or on adjectives), while clitics do not exhibit word-class selectivity. In the stereotypical view of clitics, they are “prosodically deficient” in some way, but the phonological effects are quite diverse and cannot serve as a basis for a definition. As clitics are defined as kinds of minimal forms (or morphs), they cannot be nonsegmental, and they cannot interrupt another minimal form (so that there cannot be endoclitics by definition). Finally, I note that the object person indexes of the Romance languages, which have very often been called clitics, are actually affixes in the modern languages, although they must go back to earlier clitics.
description: Linguistic Typology at the Crossroads, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023)
Modeling the Broadband Emission of 3C 454.3
Creators: name: Sahakyan, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of a long-term multiwavelength study of the powerful flat spectrum radio quasar 3C 454.3 using {\it Fermi}-LAT and Swift XRT/UVOT data are reported. In the $γ$-ray band, {\it Fermi}-LAT observations show several major flares when the source flux was $>10^{-5}\:{\rm photon\:cm^{-2}\:s^{-1}}$; the peak $γ$-ray flux above $141.6$ MeV, $(9.22\pm1.96)\times10^{-5}\:{\rm photon\:cm^{-2}\:s^{-1}}$ observed on MJD 55519.33, corresponds to $2.15\times10^{50}\:{\rm erg\:s^{-1}}$ isotropic $γ$-ray luminosity. The analysis of Swift XRT and UVOT data revealed a flux increase, although with smaller amplitudes, also in the X-ray and optical/UV bands. The X-ray emission of 3C 454.3 is with a hard spectral index of $Γ_{\rm X}=1.16-1.75$, and the flux in the flaring states increased up to $(1.80\pm0.18)\times10^{-10}{\rm erg\:cm^{-2}\: s^{-1}}$. Through combining the analyzed data, it was possible to assemble 362 high-quality and quasi-simultaneous spectral energy distributions of 3C 454.3 in 2008-2018 which all were modeled within a one-zone leptonic scenario assuming the emission region is within the broad line region, involving synchrotron, synchrotron self-Compton and external Compton mechanisms. Such an extensive modeling is the key for constraining the underlying emission mechanisms in the 3C 454.3 jet and allows to derive the physical parameters of the jet and investigate their evolution in time. The modeling suggests that during the flares, along with the variation of emitting electron parameters, the Doppler boosting factor increased substantially implying that the emission in these periods has most likely originated in a faster moving region.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Using a parallel corpus to study patterns of word order variation: determiners and quantifiers within the noun phrase in European languages
Creators: name: Talamo, Luigi
Publisher: name: Linguistic Typology at the Crossroads
Year: 2023

description: Despite the wealth of studies on word order, there have been very few studies on the order of minor word categories such as determiners and quantifiers. This is likely due to the difficulty of formulating valid cross-linguistic definitions for these categories, which also appear problematic from a computational perspective. A solution lies in the formulation of comparative concepts and in their computational implementation by combining different layers of annotation with manually compiled list of lexemes; the proposed methodology is exemplified by a study on the position of these categories with respect to the nominal head, which is conducted on a parallel corpus of 17 European languages and uses Shannon’s entropy to quantify word order variation. Whereas the entropy for the article-noun pattern is, as expected, extremely low, the proposed methodology sheds light on the variation of the demonstrative-noun and the quantifier-noun patterns in three languages of the sample.
description: Linguistic Typology at the Crossroads, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023)
Reionization - A probe for the stellar population and the physics of the early universe
Creators: name: Schleicher, Dominik R. G.
name: Banerjee, Robi
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the reionization history for different models of the stellar population and explore the effects of primordial magnetic fields, dark matter decay and dark matter annihilation on reionization. We find that stellar populations based on a Scalo-type initial mass function for Population II stars can be ruled out as sole sources for reionization, unless star formation efficiencies of more than 10% or very high photon escape fractions from the parental halo are adopted. When considering primordial magnetic fields, we find that the additional heat injection from ambipolar diffusion and decaying MHD turbulence has significant impact on the thermal evolution and the ionization history of the post-recombination universe and on structure formation. The magnetic Jeans mass changes the typical mass scale of the star forming halos, and depending on the adopted stellar model we derive upper limits to the magnetic field strength between 0.7 and $5 $nG (comoving). For dark matter annihilation, we find an upper limit to the thermally averaged mass-weighted cross section of $10^{-33} \mathrm{cm}^3\mathrm{/s/eV}$. For dark matter decay, our calculations yield a lower limit to the lifetime of dark matter particles of $3\times10^{23}$ s. These limits are in agreement with constraints from recombination and the X-ray background and provide an independent confirmation at a much later epoch.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication at Phys.Rev.D
The properties of powerful radio sources at 90 GHz
Creators: name: Hardcastle, M. J.
name: Looney, L. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed a small sample of powerful double radio sources (radio galaxies and quasars) at frequencies around 90 GHz with the BIMA millimetre array, with the intention of constraining the resolved high-frequency spectra of radio galaxies. When combined with other sources we have previously observed and with data from the BIMA archive, these observations allow us for the first time to make general statements about the high-frequency behaviour of compact components of radio galaxies -- cores, jets and hotspots. We find that cores in our sample remain flat-spectrum up to 90 GHz; jets in some of our targets are detected at 90 GHz for the first time in our new observations; and hotspots are found to be almost universal, but show a wide range of spectral properties. Emission from the extended lobes of radio galaxies is detected in a few cases and shows rough consistency with the expectations from standard spectral ageing models, though our ability to probe this in detail is limited by the sensitivity of BIMA. We briefly discuss the prospects for radio-galaxy astrophysics with ALMA.
description: MNRAS accepted. 17 pages, 14 figures
Linguistic Typology at the Crossroads, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023)
Creators: name: Linguistic Typology At The Crossroads
Publisher: name: Linguistic Typology at the Crossroads
Year: 2023

description: The Dimensions of Morphosyntactic Variation: Whorf, Greenberg and Nichols were right...132-190
Spanish as an argument-indexing language. A view from the analysis of Colombian Andean Spanish...60-99
Towards a typology of continuative expressions...191-244
Types of clitics in the world’s languages...1-59
Using a parallel corpus to study patterns of word order variation: determiners and quantifiers within the noun phrase in European languages...100-131
An accurate model for genetic hitch-hiking
Creators: name: Eriksson, A.
name: Fernstrom, P.
name: Mehlig, B.
name: Sagitov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We suggest a simple deterministic approximation for the growth of the favoured-allele frequency during a selective sweep. Using this approximation we introduce an accurate model for genetic hitch-hiking. Only when Ns < 10 (N is the population size and s denotes the selection coefficient), are discrepancies between our approximation and direct numerical simulations of a Moran model noticeable. Our model describes the gene genealogies of a contiguous segment of neutral loci close to the selected one, and it does not assume that the selective sweep happens instantaneously. This enables us to compute SNP distributions on the neutral segment without bias.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Wave-like Solutions for Bianchi type-I cosmologies in 5D
Creators: name: de Leon, J. Ponce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive exact solutions to the vacuum Einstein field equations in 5D, under the assumption that (i) the line element in 5D possesses self-similar symmetry, in the classical understanding of Sedov, Taub and Zeldovich, and that (ii) the metric tensor is diagonal and independent of the coordinates for ordinary 3D space. These assumptions lead to three different types of self-similarity in 5D: homothetic, conformal and "wave-like". In this work we present the most general wave-like solutions to the 5D field equations. Using the standard technique based on Campbell's theorem, they generate a large number of anisotropic cosmological models of Bianchi type-I, which can be applied to our universe after the big-bang, when anisotropies could have played an important role. We present a complete review of all possible cases of self-similar anisotropic cosmologies in 5D. Our analysis extends a number of previous studies on wave-like solutions in 5D with spatial spherical symmetry.
Distributionally robust goal-reaching optimization in the presence of background risk
Creators: name: Chi, Yichun
name: Xu, Zuo Quan
name: Zhuang, Sheng Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 91G05, 91G10, 91G70

description: In this paper, we examine the effect of background risk on portfolio selection and optimal reinsurance design under the criterion of maximizing the probability of reaching a goal. Following the literature, we adopt dependence uncertainty to model the dependence ambiguity between financial risk (or insurable risk) and background risk. Because the goal-reaching objective function is non-concave, these two problems bring highly unconventional and challenging issues for which classical optimization techniques often fail. Using quantile formulation method, we derive the optimal solutions explicitly. The results show that the presence of background risk does not alter the shape of the solution but instead changes the parameter value of the solution. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the results and verify the robustness of our solutions.
Fast Numerical Simulation of Allen-Cahn Equation
Creators: name: Kim, Yongho
name: Choi, Yongho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Simulation speed depends on code structures, hence it is crucial how to build a fast algorithm. We solve the Allen-Cahn equation by an explicit finite difference method, so it requires grid calculations implemented by many for-loops in the simulation code. In terms of programming, many for-loops make the simulation speed slow. To solve the problem, we propose a model architecture containing a pad and a convolution operation for the Allen-Cahn equation. Also, the GPU operation is used to boost up the speed more. In this way, the simulation of other differential equations can be improved. In this paper, various numerical simulations are conducted to confirm that the Allen-Cahn equation follows motion by mean curvature and phase separation in two-dimensional and three-dimensional spaces. Finally, we demonstrate that our algorithm is much faster than an unoptimized code and the CPU operation.
description: 11 pages, 3 tables, 13 figures
The detectability of Wolf-Rayet Stars in M33-ike spirals up to 30 Mpc
Creators: name: Pledger, J. L.
name: Sharp, A. J.
name: Sansom, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the impact that spatial resolution has on the inferred numbers and types of Wolf-Rayet (WR) and other massive stars in external galaxies. Continuum and line images of the nearby galaxy M33 are increasingly blurred to mimic effects of different distances from 8.4Mpc to 30Mpc, for a constant level of seeing. We use differences in magnitudes between continuum and Helium II line images, plus visual inspection of images, to identify WR candidates via their ionized helium excess. The result is a surprisingly large decrease in the numbers of WR detections, with only 15% of the known WR stars predicted to be detected at 30Mpc. The mixture of WR sub-types is also shown to vary significantly with increasing distance (poorer resolution), with cooler WN stars more easily detectable than other subtypes. We discuss how spatial clustering of different subtypes and line dilution could cause these differences and the implications for their ages, this will be useful for calibrating numbers of massive stars detected in current surveys. We investigate the ability of ELT/HARMONI to undertake WR surveys and show that by using adaptive optics at visible wavelengths even the faintest (Mv = -3mag) WR stars will be detectable out to 30Mpc.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The CirCor DigiScope Dataset: From Murmur Detection to Murmur Classification
Creators: name: Oliveira, Jorge
name: Renna, Francesco
name: Costa, Paulo Dias
name: Nogueira, Marcelo
name: Oliveira, Cristina
name: Ferreira, Carlos
name: Jorge, Alipio
name: Mattos, Sandra
name: Hatem, Thamine
name: Tavares, Thiago
name: Elola, Andoni
name: Rad, Ali Bahrami
name: Sameni, Reza
name: Clifford, Gari D
name: Coimbra, Miguel T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cardiac auscultation is one of the most cost-effective techniques used to detect and identify many heart conditions. Computer-assisted decision systems based on auscultation can support physicians in their decisions. Unfortunately, the application of such systems in clinical trials is still minimal since most of them only aim to detect the presence of extra or abnormal waves in the phonocardiogram signal, i.e., only a binary ground truth variable (normal vs abnormal) is provided. This is mainly due to the lack of large publicly available datasets, where a more detailed description of such abnormal waves (e.g., cardiac murmurs) exists. To pave the way to more effective research on healthcare recommendation systems based on auscultation, our team has prepared the currently largest pediatric heart sound dataset. A total of 5282 recordings have been collected from the four main auscultation locations of 1568 patients, in the process, 215780 heart sounds have been manually annotated. Furthermore, and for the first time, each cardiac murmur has been manually annotated by an expert annotator according to its timing, shape, pitch, grading, and quality. In addition, the auscultation locations where the murmur is present were identified as well as the auscultation location where the murmur is detected more intensively. Such detailed description for a relatively large number of heart sounds may pave the way for new machine learning algorithms with a real-world application for the detection and analysis of murmur waves for diagnostic purposes.
description: 12 pages, 6 tables, 8 figures, in IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
Newsalyze: Enabling News Consumers to Understand Media Bias
Creators: name: Hamborg, Felix
name: Zhukova, Anastasia
name: Donnay, Karsten
name: Gipp, Bela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: News is a central source of information for individuals to inform themselves on current topics. Knowing a news article's slant and authenticity is of crucial importance in times of "fake news," news bots, and centralization of media ownership. We introduce Newsalyze, a bias-aware news reader focusing on a subtle, yet powerful form of media bias, named bias by word choice and labeling (WCL). WCL bias can alter the assessment of entities reported in the news, e.g., "freedom fighters" vs. "terrorists." At the core of the analysis is a neural model that uses a news-adapted BERT language model to determine target-dependent sentiment, a high-level effect of WCL bias. While the analysis currently focuses on only this form of bias, the visualizations already reveal patterns of bias when contrasting articles (overview) and in-text instances of bias (article view).
Recent Theoretical Advances about Core Overshooting and Convective Penetration from a Convective Envelope
Creators: name: Kupka, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: convection
stars: interiors

description: Convective mixing and the interaction between convectively and radiatively stratified layers in stars are physical processes which are particularly difficult to model. Their phenomenological modelling is too inaccurate and too sensitive to model parameters to be considered a satisfactory approach. Especially the latter depend on a variety of properties of the star to be modelled which impliesthis to be a descriptive rather than a predictive methodology.

Recent advances to proceed beyond such strongly limited models are achieved along two different avenues: numerical, hydrodynamical simulations and statistical models (non-local convection models, Reynolds stress models). Strengths and limitations of both methodologies will be outlined including some ambiguities and pitfalls.

For the numerical simulations particular attention will be given to aspects of simulation resolution, thermal relaxation, and self-consistency in the context of a full stellar model. For the statistical models the role of kinetic energy dissipation will be discussed as well as its consequences for the physical completeness of non-local convection models.

The limitations of either approach would benefit from stronger observationalconstraints. Some options how to improve on those will be suggested.PLATO might provide the key to such progress.
MUSE Analysis of Gas around Galaxies (MAGG) -- III: The gas and galaxy environment of z = 3-4.5 quasars
Creators: name: Fossati, Matteo
name: Fumagalli, Michele
name: Lofthouse, Emma K.
name: Dutta, Rajeshwari
name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
name: Battaia, Fabrizio Arrigoni
name: Fynbo, Johan P. U.
name: Lusso, Elisabeta
name: Murphy, Michael T.
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Theuns, Tom
name: Cooke, Ryan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the environment of 27 z=3-4.5 bright quasars from the MUSE Analysis of Gas around Galaxies (MAGG) survey. With medium-depth MUSE observations (4 hours on target per field), we characterise the effects of quasars on their surroundings by studying simultaneously the properties of extended gas nebulae and Lyalpha emitters (LAEs) in the quasar host haloes. We detect extended (up to ~ 100 kpc) Lyalpha emission around all MAGG quasars, finding a very weak redshift evolution between z=3 and z=6. By stacking the MUSE datacubes, we confidently detect extended emission of CIV and only marginally detect extended HeII up to ~40 kpc, implying that the gas is metal enriched. Moreover, our observations show a significant overdensity of LAEs within 300 km/s from the quasar systemic redshifts estimated from the nebular emission. The luminosity functions and equivalent width distributions of these LAEs show similar shapes with respect to LAEs away from quasars suggesting that the Lyalpha emission of the majority of these sources is not significantly boosted by the quasar radiation or other processes related to the quasar environment. Within this framework, the observed LAE overdensities and our kinematic measurements imply that bright quasars at z=3-4.5 are hosted by haloes in the mass range ~ 10^{12.0}-10^{12.5} Msun.
description: 23 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Maxwell perturbations in a cavity with Robin boundary conditions: two branches of modes with spectrum bifurcation on Schwarzschild black holes
Creators: name: Lei, Yunhe
name: Wang, Mengjie
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic study of the Maxwell quasinormal spectrum in a mirror-like cavity following the generic Robin type vanishing energy flux principle, by starting with the Schwarzschild black holes in this paper. It is shown that, for black holes in a cavity, the vanishing energy flux principle leads to \textit{two} different sets of boundary conditions. By solving the Maxwell equations with these two boundary conditions both analytically and numerically, we observe \textit{two} distinct sets of modes. This indicates that the vanishing energy flux principle may be applied not only to asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes but also to black holes in a cavity. In the analytic calculations, the imaginary part of the Maxwell quasinormal modes are derived analytically for both boundary conditions, which match well with the numeric results. While in the numeric calculations, we complete a thorough study on the two sets of the Maxwell spectrum by varying the mirror radius $r_m$, the angular momentum quantum number $\ell$, and the overtone number $N$. In particular, we proclaim that the Maxwell spectrum may \textit{bifurcate} for both modes when the mirror is placed around the black hole event horizon, which is analogous to the spectrum bifurcation effects found for the Maxwell fields on asymptotically AdS black holes. This observation provides another example to exhibit the similarity between black holes in a cavity and the AdS black holes.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, published in EPJC
ABJ Correlators with Weakly Broken Higher Spin Symmetry
Creators: name: Binder, Damon J.
name: Chester, Shai M.
name: Jerdee, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider four-point functions of operators in the stress tensor multiplet of the 3d $\mathcal{N}=6$ $U(N)_k\times U(N+M)_{-k}$ or $SO(2)_{2k}\times USp(2+2M)_{-k}$ ABJ theories in the limit where $M$ and $k$ are taken to infinity while $N$ and $λ\sim M/k$ are held fixed. In this limit, these theories have weakly broken higher spin symmetry and are holographically dual to $\mathcal{N}=6$ higher spin gravity on $AdS_4$, where $λ$ is dual to the bulk parity breaking parameter. We use the weakly broken higher spin Ward identities, superconformal Ward identities, and the Lorentzian inversion formula to fully determine the tree level stress tensor multiplet four-point function up to two free parameters. We then use supersymmetric localization to fix both parameters for the ABJ theories in terms of $λ$, so that our result for the tree level correlator interpolates between the free theory at $λ=0$ and a parity invariant interacting theory at $λ=1/2$. We compare the CFT data extracted from this correlator to a recent numerical bootstrap conjecture for the exact spectrum of $U(1)_{2M}\times U(1+M)_{-2M}$ ABJ theory (i.e. $λ=1/2$ and $N=1$), and find good agreement in the higher spin regime.
description: 48 pages plus appendices, 2 figures
Statistical similarity between soft gamma repeaters and the repeating fast radio bursts
Creators: name: Sang, Yu
name: Lin, Hai-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the statistical properties of the soft gamma repeater SGR 1935+2154. We find that the cumulative distributions of duration, waiting time, fluence and flux can be well fitted by bent power law. In addition, the probability density functions of fluctuations of duration, waiting time, fluence and flux well follow the Tsallis $q$-Gaussian distribution. The $q$ values keep steady for different temporal scale intervals, indicating a scale-invariant structure of the bursts. Those features are very similar to the property of the repeating fast radio burst FRB 121102, indicating the underlying association between the origins of soft gamma repeaters and repeating fast radio bursts.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables