cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Oncogenic PI3K Mutations Lead to NF- B-Dependent Cytokine Expression following Growth Factor Deprivation
Creators: name: Russell, Sean C.
name: Sircar, Mayukh
name: Pfefferle, Adam D.
name: Baldwin, Albert S.
name: Hutti, Jessica E.
name: Perou, Charles M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The PI3K pathway is one of the most commonly misregulated signaling pathways in human cancers, but its impact on the tumor microenvironment has not been considered as deeply as its autonomous impact on tumor cells. In this study we demonstrate that NF-κB is activated by the two most common PI3K mutations, PIK3CA E545K and H1047R. We found that markers of NF-κB are most strongly upregulated under conditions of growth factor deprivation. Gene expression analysis performed on cells deprived of growth factors identified the repertoire of genes altered by oncogenic PI3K mutations following growth factor deprivation. This gene set most closely correlated with gene signatures from claudin-low and basal-like breast tumors, subtypes frequently exhibiting constitutive PI3K/Akt activity. An NF-κB-dependent subset of genes driven by oncogenic PI3K mutations was also identified that encoded primarily secreted proteins, suggesting a paracrine role for this gene set. Interestingly, while NF-κB activated by oncogenes such as Ras and EGFR leads to cell-autonomous effects, abrogating NF-κB in PI3K-transformed cells did not decrease proliferation or induce apoptosis. However, conditioned media from PI3K mutant-expressing cells led to increased STAT3 activation in recipient THP-1 monocytes or normal epithelial cells in a NF-κB and IL-6-dependent manner. Together, our findings describe a PI3K-driven, NF-κB-dependent transcriptional profile which may play a critical role in promoting a microenvironment amenable to tumor progression. These data also indicate that NF-κB plays diverse roles downstream from different oncogenic signaling pathways.
InTheMED WP7 - Factsheets
Creators: name: Azevedo, Leonardo
name: Escada, Cláudia
name: Uribe-Asarta, Janire
name: Godoy, Vanessa A.
name: Gómez-Hernández, J. Jaime
name: Jomaa, Seifeddine
name: Varouchakis, Emmanouil
name: Zanini, Andrea
name: Baccouche, Hatem
name: Saysel, Ali K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Requena-Utiel
Tympaki
Castro Verde
Grombalia
Konya

description: Factsheets describing the 5 field case studies of the project: Requena-Utiel (Spain), Tympaki (Greece), Castro Verde (Portugal), Grombalia (Tunisia) and Konya (Turkey). Utility: online dissemination on the project website to showcase the field examples which served as a case study of the project.
description: This project is part of the PRIMA Programme supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No 1923.
Conformal Triality of the Kepler problem
Creators: name: Cariglia, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Kepler problem is projectively equivalent to null geodesic motion on the conformal compactification of Minkowski-4 space. This space realises the conformal triality of Minkwoski, dS and AdS spaces.
description: 4 pages, no figures. Some modifications
(401774) David Lyon
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Aortic Aneurysm - CT signs of pending rupture and its mimics
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Maria Inês
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Aneurysms

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Rupture of an aortic aneurysm is normally a deadly event and while computed tomographic (CT) signs of aortic rupture are usually evident and easy to detect, the diagnosis of an impending aortic rupture can be more challenging. CT is the best imaging...
InTheMED WP7 - Posters
Creators: name: Azevedo, Leonardo
name: Escada, Cláudia
name: Uribe-Asarta, Janire
name: Godoy, Vanessa A.
name: Gómes-Hernández, J. Jaime
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Mediterranean
Groundwater Management
Governance
Smart Modelling
Decision Support System
Participatory Approach

description: Posters, in English and Spanish, describing the InTheMED project and main goals. Utility: Posters used in events organized by the InTheMED partners and online dissemination.
description: This project is part of the PRIMA Programme supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No 1923.
Ovarian Cancer Risk Associated with Inherited Inflammation-Related Variants
Creators: name: Charbonneau, Bridget
name: Sellers, Thomas A.
name: White, Kristin L.
name: Tyrer, Jonathan
name: Vierkant, Robert A.
name: Ramus, Susan J.
name: Birrer, Michael J.
name: Rider, David N.
name: Cicek, Mine S.
name: Iversen Jr., Edwin S.
name: Sutphen, Rebecca
name: Gayther, Simon A.
name: Song, Honglin
name: Goode, Ellen L.
name: Cunningham, Julie M.
name: Phelan, Catherine M.
name: Wentzensen, Nicolas
name: Yang, Hannah P.
name: Garcia-Closas, Montserrat
name: Pharoah, Paul P.D.
name: Fridley, Brooke L.
name: Berchuck, Andrew
name: Schildkraut, Joellen M.
name: Palmieri, Rachel T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The importance of inflammation pathways to the development of many human cancers prompted us to examine the associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in inflammation-related genes and risk of ovarian cancer. In a multi-site case-control study, we genotyped SNPs in a large panel of inflammatory genes in 930 epithelial ovarian cancer cases and 1,037 controls using a custom array and analyzed by logistic regression. SNPs with p<0.10 were evaluated among 3,143 cases and 2,102 controls from the Follow-up of Ovarian Cancer Genetic Association and Interaction Studies (FOCI) collaboration. Combined analysis revealed association with SNPs rs17561 and rs4848300 in the interleukin gene IL1A which varied by histologic subtype (heterogeneity p=0.03). For example, IL1A rs17561, which correlates with numerous inflammatory phenotypes, was associated with decreased risk of clear cell, mucinous, and endometrioid subtype, but not with the most common serous subtype. Genotype at rs1864414 in the arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ALOX5 was also associated with decreased risk. Thus, inherited variation in IL1A and ALOX5 appears to affect ovarian cancer risk which, for IL1A, is limited to rarer subtypes. Given the importance of inflammation in tumorigenesis and growing evidence of subtype-specific features in ovarian cancer, functional investigations will be important to help clarify the importance of inherited variation related to inflammation in ovarian carcinogenesis.
(401768) Elizabeth Moncur
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Componentes que intervienen en el dilema del último ventilador mecánico en crisis sanitaria por SARS-CoV-2
Creators: name: Nova, Gabriel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140302 Econometric and Statistical Methods
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140208 Health Economics
subject: 140104 Microeconomic Theory

description: El dilema del último ventilador mecánico (VM) surge a partir de la saturación de la red asistencial por pacientes con COVID-19 y la falta de insumos para asistir al proceso respiratorio de los más afectados. Debido a lo anterior, el personal de salud deberá definir las prioridades en el uso de recursos dentro de las salas de urgencias. Esta problemática se hace aún más relevante cuando la elección implica que algunas personas no serán tratadas porque no cumplen con ciertos criterios, lo que puede tener como consecuencia la muerte del paciente. El objetivo de este estudio es aplicar modelos de elección discreta para estimar los efectos de las variables que intervienen en la asignación del último VM disponible bajo la actual crisis sanitaria. Se incluye el diseño de una encuesta de preferencias declaradas con preguntas que permiten capturar los impactos de los elementos del historial clínico de los pacientes que influyen en la elección, tales como la edad, el sexo, enfermedades de base y la adicción. El estudio considera un modelo Logit, tres especificaciones de Logit Mixto y tres de Clases Latentes, que son aplicados a los datos recogidos de la encuesta realizada en Chile. Los resultados muestran que el modelo con el mejor ajuste es el enfoque de Clases latentes que incorpora la ocupación de los encuestados en el modelo de pertenencia de clase. Se puede apreciar la existencia de dos clases con discrepancias en las variables consideradas y los impactos en la asignación del VM. Los que tienen alguna formación en salud ofrecen asignar el VM, favoreciendo a pacientes que no sean de la tercera edad y que no sean adictos. En cambio, el resto de la población asigna el VM a aquellas personas de mayor edad como son adultos o adultos mayores y que posean alguna enfermedad preexistente con una letalidad media o alta.
(401769) Jessie Smith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Paracrine Hedgehog Signaling Drives Metabolic Changes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Creators: name: Diehl, Anna Mae
name: Lu, Jiuyi
name: Choi, Steve S.
name: Guy, Cynthia D.
name: Chen, Yuping
name: Chan, Isaac S.
name: Syn, Wing Kin
name: Michelotti, Gregory A.
name: Pereira, Thiago A.
name: Baldwin, Albert S.
name: Krüger, Leandi
name: Xie, Guanhua
name: Karaca, Gamze
name: Swiderska-Syn, Marzena
name: Anderson, Blair R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) typically develop in cirrhosis, a condition characterized by Hedgehog (Hh) pathway activation and accumulation of Hh-responsive myofibroblasts (MF). Although Hh signaling generally regulates stromal-epithelial interactions that support epithelial viability, the role of Hh-dependent MF in hepatocarcinogenesis is unknown. Here we used human HCC samples, a mouse HCC model, and hepatoma cell/MF co-cultures to examine the hypothesis that Hh signaling modulates MF metabolism to generate fuels for neighboring malignant hepatocytes. The results identify a novel paracrine mechanism whereby malignant hepatocytes produce HH-ligands to stimulate glycolysis in neighboring MF, resulting in release of MF-derived lactate that the malignant hepatocytes use as an energy source. This discovery reveals new diagnostic and therapeutic targets that might be exploited to improve the outcomes of cirrhotic patients with HCC.
(401770) William Small
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Unconditionally Secure Commitments with Quantum Auxiliary Inputs
Creators: name: Morimae, Tomoyuki
name: Nehoran, Barak
name: Yamakawa, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show the following unconditional results on quantum commitments in two related yet different models:
 1. We revisit the notion of quantum auxiliary-input commitments introduced by Chailloux, Kerenidis, and Rosgen (Comput. Complex. 2016) where both the committer and receiver take the same quantum state, which is determined by the security parameter, as quantum auxiliary inputs. We show that computationally-hiding and statistically-binding quantum auxiliary-input commitments exist unconditionally, i.e., without relying on any unproven assumption, while Chailloux et al. assumed a complexity-theoretic assumption, ${\bf QIP}\not\subseteq{\bf QMA}$. On the other hand, we observe that achieving both statistical hiding and statistical binding at the same time is impossible even in the quantum auxiliary-input setting. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of unconditionally proving computational security of any form of (classical or quantum) commitments for which statistical security is impossible. As intermediate steps toward our construction, we introduce and unconditionally construct post-quantum sparse pseudorandom distributions and quantum auxiliary-input EFI pairs which may be of independent interest.
 2. We introduce a new model which we call the common reference quantum state (CRQS) model where both the committer and receiver take the same quantum state that is randomly sampled by an efficient setup algorithm. We unconditionally prove that there exist statistically hiding and statistically binding commitments in the CRQS model, circumventing the impossibility in the plain model.
 We also discuss their applications to zero-knowledge proofs, oblivious transfers, and multi-party computations.
description: 42 pages
Perturbation of Rb, p53, and Brca1 or Brca2 Cooperate in Inducing Metastatic Serous Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Creators: name: Van Dyke, Terry
name: McDunn, Jonathan E.
name: Householder, Deborah B.
name: Sun, Wenping
name: Baran, Maureen L.
name: Song, Yurong
name: Schlomer, Jerome J.
name: Yin, Chaoying
name: Bupp, Sujata
name: Yi, Ming
name: Guerin, Theresa M.
name: Szabova, Ludmila
name: Difilippantonio, Simone
name: Martin, Philip L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The majority of human high grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer (SEOC) is characterized by frequent mutations in p53 and alterations in the RB and FOXM1 pathways. A subset of human SEOC harbors a combination of germline and somatic mutations as well as epigenetic dysfunction for BRCA1/2. Using Cre-conditional alleles and intrabursal induction by Cre-expressing adenovirus in genetically engineered mice, we analyzed the roles of pathway perturbations in epithelial ovarian cancer initiation and progression. Inactivation of RB-mediated tumor suppression induced surface epithelial proliferation with progression to stage I carcinoma. Additional biallelic inactivation and/or missense p53 mutation in the presence or absence of Brca1/2 caused progression to stage IV disease. As in human SEOC, mice developed peritoneal carcinomatosis, ascites, and distant metastases. Unbiased gene expression and metabolomic profiling confirmed that Rb, p53, and Brca1/2-triple mutant tumors aligned with human SEOC, and not with other intraperitoneal cancers. Together, our findings provide a novel resource for evaluating disease etiology and biomarkers, therapeutic evaluation, and improved imaging strategies in epithelial ovarian cancer.
ROCK1 and ROCK2 Are Required for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Anchorage-Independent Growth and Invasion
Creators: name: Pachter, Jonathan A.
name: Dong, Hanqing
name: Campbell, Sharon L.
name: Chen, Xin
name: Castaldo, Linda
name: Der, Channing J.
name: Garton, Andrew J.
name: Tokar, Brianna
name: Kim, Tai Young
name: Plachco, Ana
name: Vigil, Dominico
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Evidence is emerging that the closely related ROCK1 and ROCK2 serine/threonine kinases support the invasive and metastatic growth of a spectrum of human cancer types. Therefore, inhibitors of ROCK are under preclinical development. However, a key step in their development involves the identification of genetic biomarkers that will predict ROCK inhibitor anti-tumor activity. One identified mechanism for ROCK activation in cancer involves the loss of function of the DLC1 tumor suppressor gene, which encodes a GTPase activating protein (RhoGAP) for the RhoA and RhoC small GTPases. DLC-1 loss may lead to hyperactivation of RhoA/C and its downstream effectors, the ROCK kinases. We therefore determined whether loss of DLC-1 protein expression identifies non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines whose growth and invasion phenotypes are sensitive to ROCK inhibition. We identified and characterized a novel small molecule pharmacologic inhibitor of ROCK and additionally applied genetic approaches to impair ROCK1 and/or ROCK2 activity, and we determined that although NSCLC anchorage-dependent growth was ROCK-independent, both anchorage-independent growth and Matrigel invasion were ROCK-dependent. However, loss of DLC-1 expression did not correlate with ROCK activation or with OXA-06 sensitivity. Unexpectedly, suppression of ROCK1 or ROCK2 expression alone was sufficient to impair anchorage-independent growth, supporting their non-overlapping roles in oncogenesis. Mechanistically, the block in anchorage-independent growth was associated with accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, but not increased anoikis. We conclude that ROCK may be a useful therapeutic target for NSCLC.
Reversible monadic computing
Creators: name: Heunen, Chris
name: Karvonen, Martti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend categorical semantics of monadic programming to reversible computing, by considering monoidal closed dagger categories: the dagger gives reversibility, whereas closure gives higher-order expressivity. We demonstrate that Frobenius monads model the appropriate notion of coherence between the dagger and closure by reinforcing Cayley's theorem; by proving that effectful computations (Kleisli morphisms) are reversible precisely when the monad is Frobenius; by characterizing the largest reversible subcategory of Eilenberg-Moore algebras; and by identifying the latter algebras as measurements in our leading example of quantum computing. Strong Frobenius monads are characterized internally by Frobenius monoids.
description: 19 pages
STEREOFOG -- Computational DeFogging via Image-to-Image Translation on a real-world Dataset
Creators: name: Pollak, Anton
name: Menon, Rajesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image-to-Image translation (I2I) is a subtype of Machine Learning (ML) that has tremendous potential in applications where two domains of images and the need for translation between the two exist, such as the removal of fog. For example, this could be useful for autonomous vehicles, which currently struggle with adverse weather conditions like fog. However, datasets for I2I tasks are not abundant and typically hard to acquire. Here, we introduce STEREOFOG, a dataset comprised of $10,067$ paired fogged and clear images, captured using a custom-built device, with the purpose of exploring I2I's potential in this domain. It is the only real-world dataset of this kind to the best of our knowledge. Furthermore, we apply and optimize the pix2pix I2I ML framework to this dataset. With the final model achieving an average Complex Wavelet-Structural Similarity (CW-SSIM) score of $0.76$, we prove the technique's suitability for the problem.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, for associated dataset and Supplement file, see https://github.com/apoll2000/stereofog
(401771) Isabella Watt
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Proof of NRQCD Factorization at All Order in Coupling Constant in Heavy Quarkonium Production
Creators: name: Nayak, Gouranga C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the proof of factorization in heavy quarkonium production in NRQCD color octet mechanism is given at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in coupling constant by using diagrammatic method of QCD. In this paper we prove factorization in heavy quarkonium production in NRQCD color octet mechanism at all order in coupling constant by using path integral method of QCD. Our proof is valid to all powers in the heavy quark relative velocity. We find that the gauge invariance and the factorization at all order in coupling constant require gauge-completed non-perturbative NRQCD matrix elements that were introduced previously to prove factorization at NNLO.
description: Final Version, Accepted for Publication in Eur. Phys. J. C, 37 Pages Latex
A Renewable Tissue Resource of Phenotypically Stable, Biologically and Ethnically Diverse, Patient-Derived Human Breast Cancer Xenograft Models
Creators: name: Chang, Jenny C.
name: Lai, Qing
name: Zuloaga, Pavel
name: Froehlich, Amber M.
name: Chen, Edward S.
name: Huang, Jian
name: Giuliano, Mario
name: Claerhout, Sofie
name: Mills, Gordon B.
name: Shaw, Chad A.
name: Fuqua, Suzanne W.
name: Lewis, Michael T.
name: Perou, Charles M.
name: Rimawi, Mothaffar F.
name: Contreras, Alejandro
name: Gutierrez, Carolina
name: Tsimelzon, Anna
name: Zhang, Xiaomei
name: Mao, Sufeng
name: Hilsenbeck, Susan G.
name: Wu, Meng Fen
name: Pavlick, Anne C.
name: Wong, Helen
name: Prat, Aleix
name: Wiechmann, Lisa
name: Petrovic, Ivana
name: Dobrolecki, Lacey E.
name: Schiff, Rachel
name: Landis, Melissa D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Breast cancer research is hampered by difficulties in obtaining and studying primary human breast tissue, and by the lack of in vivo preclinical models that reflect patient tumor biology accurately. To overcome these limitations, we propagated a cohort of human breast tumors grown in the epithelium-free mammary fat pad of SCID/Beige and NOD/SCID/IL2γ-receptor null (NSG) mice, under a series of transplant conditions. Both models yielded stably transplantable xenografts at comparably high rates (~21% and ~19%, respectively). Of the conditions tested, xenograft take rate was highest in the presence of a low-dose estradiol pellet. Overall, 32 stably transplantable xenograft lines were established, representing 25 unique patients. Most tumors yielding xenografts were “triple-negative” (ER-PR-HER2+) (n=19). However, we established lines from three ER-PR-HER2+ tumors, one ER+PR-HER2−, one ER+PR+HER2− and one “triple-positive” (ER+PR+HER2+) tumor. Serially passaged xenografts show biological consistency with the tumor of origin, are phenotypically stable across multiple transplant generations at the histologic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and genomic levels, and show comparable treatment responses as those observed clinically. Xenografts representing 12 patients, including two ER+ lines, showed metastasis to the mouse lung. These models thus serve as a renewable, quality-controlled tissue resource for preclinical studies investigating treatment response and metastasis.
Identification, location-domination and metric dimension on interval and permutation graphs. I. Bounds
Creators: name: Foucaud, Florent
name: Mertzios, George B.
name: Naserasr, Reza
name: Parreau, Aline
name: Valicov, Petru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the problems of finding optimal identifying codes, (open) locating-dominating sets and resolving sets of an interval or a permutation graph. In these problems, one asks to find a subset of vertices, normally called a \emph{solution} set, using which all vertices of the graph are distinguished. The identification can be done by considering the neighborhood within the solution set, or by employing the distances to the solution vertices. Normally the goal is to minimize the size of the solution set then. Here we study the case of interval graphs, unit interval graphs, (bipartite) permutation graphs and cographs. For these classes of graphs we give tight lower bounds for the size of such solution sets depending on the order of the input graph. While such lower bounds for the general class of graphs are in logarithmic order, the improved bounds in these special classes are of the order of either quadratic root or linear in terms of number of vertices. Moreover, the results for cographs lead to linear-time algorithms to solve the considered problems on inputs that are cographs.
description: formerly part of arXiv:1405.2424
title: Improved image quality and visualization of small renal vessels: a comparison between forward projected model-based iterative reconstruction solution (FIRST) and contrast enhancement boost (CE-BOOST)
Creators: name: Zuo, Yana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Vascular
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Image verification

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To evaluate the effect of forward projected model-based iterative reconstruction solution (FIRST) and contrast enhancement boost (CE-BOOST) on the image quality of small renal vessels in abdominal enhanced...
Measurement of the $VH, H\rightarrow ττ$ process with the ATLAS detector at 13 TeV
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the Standard Model Higgs boson produced in association with a $W$ or $Z$ boson and decaying into a pair of $τ$-leptons is presented. This search is based on proton-proton collision data collected at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb$^{-1}$. For the Higgs boson candidate, only final states with at least one $τ$-lepton decaying hadronically ($τ\rightarrow \mathrm{hadrons} + ν_τ$) are considered. For the vector bosons, only leptonic decay channels are considered: $Z \rightarrow \ell\ell$ and $W\rightarrow \ellν_\ell$, with $\ell=e,μ$. An excess of events over the expected background is found with an observed (expected) significance of 4.2 (3.6) standard deviations, providing evidence of the Higgs boson produced in association with a vector boson and decaying into a pair of $τ$-leptons. The ratio of the measured cross-section to the Standard Model prediction is $μ_{\text{VH}}^{ττ} = 1.28\ ^{+0.30}_{-0.29}\ (\mathrm{stat.})\ ^{+0.25}_{-0.21}\ (\mathrm{syst.})$. This result represents the most accurate measurement of the \vh process achieved to date.
description: 46 pages in total, author list starting on page 30, 5 figures, 6 tables. B. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2018-20/
Aire Deficiency Promotes TRP-1-Specific Immune Rejection of Melanoma
Creators: name: Su, Maureen A.
name: Nagavalli, Anil
name: Zhu, Meng Lei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The thymic transcription factor AIRE prevents autoimmunity in part by promoting expression of tissue-specific self-antigens, which include many cancer antigens. For example, AIRE-deficient patients are predisposed to vitiligo, an autoimmune disease of melanocytes that is often triggered by efficacious immunotherapies against melanoma. Therefore, we hypothesized that Aire deficiency in mice may elevate immune responses to cancer and provide insights into how such responses might be triggered. In this study, we show that Aire deficiency decreases thymic expression of TRP-1 (TYRP1), which is a self-antigen in melanocytes and a cancer antigen in melanomas. Aire deficiency resulted in defective negative selection of TRP-1 specific T cells without affecting thymic numbers of regulatory T cells. Aire deficient mice displayed elevated T cell immune responses that were associated with suppression of melanoma outgrowth. Further, transplantation of Aire-deficient thymic stroma was sufficient to confer more effective immune rejection of melanoma in an otherwise Aire wildtype host. Together, our work showed how Aire deficiency can enhance immune responses against melanoma, and how manipulating TRP-1 specific T cell negative selection may offer a logical strategy to enhance immune rejection of melanoma.
Componentes que intervienen en el DUV GABRIEL NOVA.pdf
Creators: name: Nova, Gabriel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140302 Econometric and Statistical Methods
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140208 Health Economics
subject: 140104 Microeconomic Theory

description: El dilema del último ventilador mecánico (VM) surge a partir de la saturación de la red asistencial por pacientes con COVID-19 y la falta de insumos para asistir al proceso respiratorio de los más afectados. Debido a lo anterior, el personal de salud deberá definir las prioridades en el uso de recursos dentro de las salas de urgencias. Esta problemática se hace aún más relevante cuando la elección implica que algunas personas no serán tratadas porque no cumplen con ciertos criterios, lo que puede tener como consecuencia la muerte del paciente. El objetivo de este estudio es aplicar modelos de elección discreta para estimar los efectos de las variables que intervienen en la asignación del último VM disponible bajo la actual crisis sanitaria. Se incluye el diseño de una encuesta de preferencias declaradas con preguntas que permiten capturar los impactos de los elementos del historial clínico de los pacientes que influyen en la elección, tales como la edad, el sexo, enfermedades de base y la adicción. El estudio considera un modelo Logit, tres especificaciones de Logit Mixto y tres de Clases Latentes, que son aplicados a los datos recogidos de la encuesta realizada en Chile. Los resultados muestran que el modelo con el mejor ajuste es el enfoque de Clases latentes que incorpora la ocupación de los encuestados en el modelo de pertenencia de clase. Se puede apreciar la existencia de dos clases con discrepancias en las variables consideradas y los impactos en la asignación del VM. Los que tienen alguna formación en salud ofrecen asignar el VM, favoreciendo a pacientes que no sean de la tercera edad y que no sean adictos. En cambio, el resto de la población asigna el VM a aquellas personas de mayor edad como son adultos o adultos mayores y que posean alguna enfermedad preexistente con una letalidad media o alta.
An Updated Wing TiO Sensitive Index for Classification of M-Type Stars
Creators: name: Azizi, F.
name: Mirtorabi, M. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By careful searching of synthetic and observed spectra in a sample of cool giant and supergiant stars, we have updated the continuum band-passes of near-infrared Wing three filter system. This photometric system measures the strength of Titanium Oxide (TiO) absorption in Near-Infrared (NIR) at 719 nm. We show that new reference continuum band-passes are essentially free from molecular absorptions and the updated TiO-index defines the temperature variation in a sample of cool giants with less scatter. A TiO-index vs. effective temperature calibration is derived based on new continuum band-passes.
description: 7pages,2figures, Published in Astrophysics and Space Science
Floquet engineering of many-body states by the ponderomotive potential
Creators: name: Sun, Zhiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ponderomotive force is an effective static force that a particle feels in an oscillating field, whose static potential may be called the ponderomotive potential. We generalize this notion to periodically driven quantum many-body systems, and propose it as a convenient tool to engineer their non-equilibrium steady states beyond the single particle level. Applied to materials driven by light, the ponderomotive potential is intimately related to the equilibrium optical conductivity, which is enhanced close to resonances. We show that the ponderomotive potential from the incident light may be used to induce exciton condensates in semiconductors, to generate attractive interactions leading to superconductivity in certain electron-phonon systems, and to create additional free energy minima in systems with charge/spin/excitonic orders. These effects are presented with experimentally relevant parameters.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Conditional Loss of ErbB3 Delays Mammary Gland Hyperplasia Induced by Mutant PIK3CA without Affecting Mammary Tumor Latency, Gene Expression, or Signaling
Creators: name: Owens, Philip
name: Cook, Rebecca S.
name: Pfefferle, Adam D.
name: Young, Christian D.
name: Arteaga, Carlos L.
name: Balko, Justin M.
name: Perou, Charles M.
name: Zhao, Jean J.
name: Rexer, Brent N.
name: Cheng, Hailing
name: Kuba, María G.
name: Sánchez, Violeta
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Mutations in PIK3CA, the gene encoding the p110α catalytic subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), have been shown to transform mammary epithelial cells (MECs). Studies suggest this transforming activity requires binding of mutant p110α via p85 to phosphorylated YXXM motifs in activated receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) or adaptors. Using transgenic mice, we examined if ErbB3, a potent activator of PI3K, is required for mutant PIK3CA-mediated transformation of MECs. Conditional loss of ErbB3 in mammary epithelium resulted in a delay of PIK3CAH1047R-dependent mammary gland hyperplasia, but tumor latency, gene expression and PI3K signaling were unaffected. In ErbB3-deficient tumors, mutant PI3K remained associated with several tyrosyl phosphoproteins, potentially explaining the dispensability of ErbB3 for tumorigenicity and PI3K activity. Similarly, inhibition of ErbB RTKs with lapatinib did not affect PI3K signaling in PIK3CAH1047R-expressing tumors. However, the p110α-specific inhibitor BYL719, in combination with lapatinib impaired mammary tumor growth and PI3K signaling more potently than BYL719 alone. Further, co-inhibition of p110α and ErbB3 potently suppressed proliferation and PI3K signaling in human breast cancer cells harboring PIK3CAH1047R. These data suggest that PIK3CAH1047R-driven tumor growth and PI3K signaling can occur independently of ErbB RTKs. However, simultaneous blockade of p110α and ErbB RTKs results in superior inhibition of PI3K and mammary tumor growth, suggesting a rational therapeutic combination against breast cancers harboring PIK3CA activating mutations.
Sparsity and dimension
Creators: name: Joret, Gwenaël
name: Micek, Piotr
name: Wiechert, Veit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We prove that posets of bounded height whose cover graphs belong to a fixed class with bounded expansion have bounded dimension. Bounded expansion, introduced by Nešetřil and Ossona de Mendez as a model for sparsity in graphs, is a property that is naturally satisfied by a wide range of graph classes, from graph structure theory (graphs excluding a minor or a topological minor) to graph drawing (e.g. graphs with bounded book thickness). Therefore, our theorem generalizes a number of results including the most recent one for posets of bounded height with cover graphs excluding a fixed graph as a topological minor. We also show that the result is in a sense best possible, as it does not extend to nowhere dense classes; in fact, it already fails for cover graphs with locally bounded treewidth.
description: v3: referees' comments incorporated
(401767) John Myles
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Imaging and Spectroscopic Observations of a Transient Coronal Loop: Evidence for the Non-Maxwellian $κ$-Distributions
Creators: name: Dudik, Jaroslav
name: Mackovjak, Simon
name: Dzifcakova, Elena
name: Del Zanna, Giulio
name: Williams, David R.
name: Karlicky, Marian
name: Mason, Helen E.
name: Lorincik, Juraj
name: Kotrc, Pavel
name: Farnik, Frantisek
name: Zemanova, Alena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the SDO/AIA and Hinode/EIS observations of a transient coronal loop. The loop brightens up in the same location after the disappearance of an arcade formed during a B8.9-class microflare three hours earlier. EIS captures this loop during its brightening phase as observed in most of the AIA filters. We use the AIA data to study the evolution of the loop, as well as to perform the DEM diagnostics as a function of $κ$. Fe XI--XIII lines observed by EIS are used to perform the diagnostics of electron density and subsequently the diagnostics of $κ$. Using ratios involving the Fe XI 257.772Åselfblend, we diagnose $κ$ $\lesssim$ 2, i.e., an extremely non-Maxwellian distribution. Using the predicted Fe line intensities derived from the DEMs as a function of $κ$, we show that, with decreasing $κ$, all combinations of ratios of line intensities converge to the observed values, confirming the diagnosed $κ$ $\lesssim$ 2. These results represent the first positive diagnostics of $κ$-distributions in the solar corona despite the limitations imposed by calibration uncertainties.
description: The Astrophysical Journal, accepted
Comment on "Excitation Spectrum and Superfluid Gap of an Ultracold Fermi Gas"
Creators: name: Castin, Yvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simple arguments suggesting that H. Biss et al [PRL 128, 100401 (2022)] did not measure with the required accuracy the low-wavenumber curvature of the acoustic excitation branch of the ground-state unitary Fermi gas. This difficult-to-calculate quantity is crucial for the relaxation dynamics of the gas at low temperature.
description: Published version in English (2 pages) and extended version in French (2 pages)
Confinement and Kink Entanglement Asymmetry on a Quantum Ising Chain
Creators: name: Khor, Brian J. J.
name: Kürkçüoglu, D. M.
name: Hobbs, T. J.
name: Perdue, G. N.
name: Klich, Israel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we explore the interplay of confinement, string breaking and entanglement asymmetry on a 1D quantum Ising chain. We consider the evolution of an initial domain wall and show that, surprisingly, while the introduction of confinement through a longitudinal field typically suppresses entanglement, it can also serve to increase it beyond a bound set for free particles. Our model can be tuned to conserve the number of domain walls, which gives an opportunity to explore entanglement asymmetry associated with link variables. We study two approaches to deal with the non-locality of the link variables, either directly or following a Kramers-Wannier transformation that maps bond variables (kinks) to site variables (spins). We develop a numerical procedure for computing the asymmetry using tensor network methods and use it to demonstrate the different types of entanglement and entanglement asymmetry.
description: Accepted for Quantum Journal
DNA Damage-Specific Control of Cell Death by Cryptochrome in p53-Mutant Ras-Transformed Cells
Creators: name: Ozturk, Nuri
name: Gaddameedhi, Shobhan
name: Sancar, Aziz
name: Ye, Rui
name: Lee, Jin Hyup
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The main feedback loop driving circadian rhythm in mice is controlled in part by the genes encoding the cryptochromes Cry1 and Cry2. Targeted mutation of both Cry1 and Cry2 delay the early onset of tumor formation in p53 null mutant mice. Furthermore, Ras-transformed p53 and Cry null mouse skin fibroblasts are more sensitive than p53 mutants to apoptotic cell death initiated by agents that activate either the intrinsic or extrinsic apoptosis pathways. Here we investigated the effect of Cry1 and Cry2 mutations on cell death by other genotoxic agents that generate alkylated bases, interstrand crosslinks, DNA-protein crosslinks and double-strand breaks. Both UV and the UV mimetic compound oxaliplatin and the radiomimetic compound doxorubicin promoted apoptosis by upregulating the tumor suppressor p73. However, only the UV and oxaliplatin-induced upregulation of p73 mediated by the transcription factor Egr1, but not the doxorubicin-induced upregulation mediated by the transcription factor E2F1, was enhanced by Cry1/Cry2 double mutation. Accordingly, Egr1 downregulation reduced oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis whereas E2F1 downregulation reduced doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. Our findings establish distinct roles for cryptochromes in intrinsic apoptosis induced by UV-mimetic and radiomimetic agents.
title: MR Vessel Wall Imaging in Intracranial Aneurysm
Creators: name: Tay, Mei Fang
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Aneurysms

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Highlight the role of MR vessel wall imaging in assessing the stability of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. Describe and discuss MR vessel wall imaging...