cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetic and transport properties of Pr2Pt3Si5
Creators: name: Ananda, V. K.
name: Anupam
name: Hossain, Z.
name: Ramakrishnan, S.
name: Thamizhavel, A.
name: Adroja, D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the magnetic and transport properties of a polycrystalline Pr2Pt3Si5 sample through the dc and ac magnetic susceptibilities, electrical resistivity, and specific heat measurements. The Rietveld refinement of the powder X-ray diffraction data reveals that Pr2Pt3Si5 crystallizes in the U2Co3Si5-type orthorhombic structure (space group Ibam). Both the dc and ac magnetic susceptibility data measured at low fields exhibit sharp anomaly near 15 K. In contrast, the specific heat data exhibit only a broad anomaly implying no long range magnetic order down to 2 K. The broad Schottky-type anomaly in low temperature specific heat data is interpreted in terms of crystal electric field (CEF) effect, and a CEF-split singlet ground state is inferred. The absence of the long range order is attributed to the presence of nonmagnetic singlet ground state of the Pr3+ ion. The electrical resistivity data exhibit metallic behavior and are well described by the Bloch-Grüniesen-Mott relation.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Domain walls in chiral p-wave superconductors: Quasiparticle spectrum and dynamics
Creators: name: Samokhin, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate microscopically the viscous friction coefficient and the effective mass of domain walls separating regions of opposite chirality in p-wave superconductors with k_x\pm ik_y order parameter. The domain wall viscosity and inertia are determined by the transitions between different Bogoliubov quasiparticle states induced by the domain wall motion. As a by-product, we present a detailed analysis of the quasiparticle spectrum, both bound and scattering, in the presence of a general domain wall with an arbitrary phase difference between the domains.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
Revising the multipole moments of numerical spacetimes, and its consequences
Creators: name: Pappas, George
name: Apostolatos, Theocharis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identifying the relativistic multipole moments of a spacetime of an astrophysical object that has been constructed numerically is of major interest, both because the multipole moments are intimately related to the internal structure of the object, and because the construction of a suitable analytic metric that mimics a numerical metric should be based on the multipole moments of the latter one, in order to yield a reliable representation. In this note we show that there has been a widespread delusion in the way the multipole moments of a numerical metric are read from the asymptotic expansion of the metric functions. We show how one should read correctly the first few multipole moments (starting from the quadrupole mass-moment), and how these corrected moments improve the efficiency of describing the metric functions with analytic metrics that have already been used in the literature, as well as other consequences of using the correct moments.
description: article + supplemental material
Phenomenology of Non-Custodial Warped Models
Creators: name: Carmona, Adrian
name: Ponton, Eduardo
name: Santiago, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of bulk fermions on electroweak precision observables in a recently proposed model with warped extra dimensions and no custodial symmetry. We find that the top-quark mass, together with the corrections to the Zbb vertex and the one-loop contribution to the T parameter, which is finite, impose important constraints that single out a well defined region of parameter space. New massive vector bosons can be as light as 1.5 TeV and have large couplings to the t_R quark, and suppressed couplings to the t_L, b_L and lighter quarks. We discuss the implications for searches of models with warped extra dimensions at the LHC.
description: Most relevant one-loop contributions to EWP observables included, physics results partially changed. References added. 29 pages, 14 Figures
A Social Ecological Approach to Leading Student Resilience: A Qualitative Multiple Case Study in Alberta Charter Schools
Creators: name: Hooper, Christopher
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education--Health
subject: School Leadership
subject: Student Resilience
subject: Charter Schools

description: The phenomenon of how school leaders understand and foster the development of resilience in students is important yet there is limited research in this area. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore this phenomenon in Alberta Charter Schools (ACS) using a qualitative, multiple case study approach (Stake, 2006; Merriam, 1998). A purposeful sample composed of 20 ACS leaders from five different schools participated in the study during the 2016-17 school year. The data collection methods included semi-structured principal interviews, focus groups of school leaders, document reviews, and field notes/observations. The cross-case analysis was guided by the quintain, how school leadership bolsters resilience in students, and the study’s conceptual and theoretical frameworks. The cross-case analysis revealed five key cross-case themes. ACS leaders: (a) understood student resilience was shaped by internal and external protective factors, (b) understood resilience in terms of understanding the concept of risk, (c) fostered the development of resilience through distributed leadership, (d) fostered the development of resilience through an emphasis upon teacher learning and development, and (e) fostered the development of resilience through strategic resourcing. The transferability of this study’s findings is discussed and implications for policy, leadership practice, and educational leadership research are presented. Key words: School leadership, student resilience, multiple case study, Alberta Charter Schools
Polarization modulation time-domain terahertz polarimetry
Creators: name: Morris, C. M.
name: Aguilar, R. Valdés
name: Stier, A. V.
name: Armitage, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high precision measurements of polarization rotations in the frequency range from 0.1 to 2.5 THz using a polarization modulation technique. A motorized stage rotates a polarizer at ~80 Hz, and the resulting modulation of the polarization is measured by a lock-in technique. We achieve an accuracy of 0.05° (900 μrad) and a precision of 0.02° (350 μrad) for small rotation angles. A detailed mathematical description of the technique is presented, showing its ability to fully characterize elliptical polarizations from 0.1 to 2.5 THz.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Optics Express
Weight Compander: A Simple Weight Reparameterization for Regularization
Creators: name: Cakaj, Rinor
name: Mehnert, Jens
name: Yang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Regularization is a set of techniques that are used to improve the generalization ability of deep neural networks. In this paper, we introduce weight compander (WC), a novel effective method to improve generalization by reparameterizing each weight in deep neural networks using a nonlinear function. It is a general, intuitive, cheap and easy to implement method, which can be combined with various other regularization techniques. Large weights in deep neural networks are a sign of a more complex network that is overfitted to the training data. Moreover, regularized networks tend to have a greater range of weights around zero with fewer weights centered at zero. We introduce a weight reparameterization function which is applied to each weight and implicitly reduces overfitting by restricting the magnitude of the weights while forcing them away from zero at the same time. This leads to a more democratic decision-making in the network. Firstly, individual weights cannot have too much influence in the prediction process due to the restriction of their magnitude. Secondly, more weights are used in the prediction process, since they are forced away from zero during the training. This promotes the extraction of more features from the input data and increases the level of weight redundancy, which makes the network less sensitive to statistical differences between training and test data. We extend our method to learn the hyperparameters of the introduced weight reparameterization function. This avoids hyperparameter search and gives the network the opportunity to align the weight reparameterization with the training progress. We show experimentally that using weight compander in addition to standard regularization methods improves the performance of neural networks.
description: Accepted by The International Joint Conference on Neural Network (IJCNN) 2023
Suppression of the near-infrared OH night sky lines with fibre Bragg gratings - first results
Creators: name: Ellis, S. C.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Lawrence, J.
name: Horton, A. J.
name: Trinh, C.
name: Leon-Saval, S. G.
name: Shortridge, K.
name: Bryant, J.
name: Case, S.
name: Colless, M.
name: Couch, W.
name: Freeman, K.
name: Gers, L.
name: Glazebrook, K.
name: Haynes, R.
name: Lee, S.
name: Loehmannsroeben, H. -G.
name: Byrne, J. O.
name: Miziarski, S.
name: Roth, M.
name: Schmidt, B.
name: Tinney, C. G.
name: Zheng, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The background noise between 1 and 1.8 microns in ground-based instruments is dominated by atmospheric emission from hydroxyl molecules. We have built and commissioned a new instrument, GNOSIS, which suppresses 103 OH doublets between 1.47 - 1.7 microns by a factor of ~1000 with a resolving power of ~10,000. We present the first results from the commissioning of GNOSIS using the IRIS2 spectrograph at the AAT. The combined throughput of the GNOSIS fore-optics, grating unit and relay optics is ~36 per cent, but this could be improved to ~46 per cent with a more optimal design. We measure strong suppression of the OH lines, confirming that OH suppression with fibre Bragg gratings will be a powerful technology for low resolution spectroscopy. The integrated OH suppressed background between 1.5 and 1.7 microns is reduced by a factor of 9 compared to a control spectrum using the same system without suppression. The potential of low resolution OH suppressed spectroscopy is illustrated with example observations. The GNOSIS background is dominated by detector dark current below 1.67 microns and by thermal emission above 1.67 microns. After subtracting these we detect an unidentified residual interline component of ~ 860 +/ 210 ph/s/m^2/micron/arcsec^2. This component is equally bright in the suppressed and control spectra. We have investigated the possible source of the interline component, but were unable to discriminate between a possible instrumental artifact and intrinsic atmospheric emission. Resolving the source of this emission is crucial for the design of fully optimised OH suppression spectrographs. The next generation OH suppression spectrograph will be focussed on resolving the source of the interline component, taking advantage of better optimisation for a FBG feed. We quantify the necessary improvements for an optimal OH suppressing fibre spectrograph design.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 15 pages, 18 figures
PRESCRIÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS OFF-LABEL
Creators: name: Escoval, Ana
name: Valongo, Ana Sofia
name: Carneiro, Ângela
name: Vaz Carneiro, António
name: Alcobia, Armando
name: Batel Marques, Francisco
name: Nascimento, João
name: Aranda Da Silva, José
name: Cunha-Vaz, José
name: Delgado, Manuel
name: Gouveia, Miguel
name: Carinha, Paulo
name: Pinheiro, Paulo
name: Rosa, Paulo
name: Silva, Rufino
name: Osswald, Walter
Publisher: name: Revista Portuguesa de Farmacoterapia
Year: 2011

description: A reunião de reflexão teve como objectivo debater aspectos do uso de medicamentos off-label em Portugal, debater questões legais e regulamentares relacionadas com esta prática, debater a circular informativa do Infarmed n.º 184/CD, de 12/11/2010, incluindo a análise do caso específico referido na mesma e identificar potenciais vantagens e riscos.
Durante a reunião foram debatidos aspectos regulamentares e legais, aspectos clínicos relacionados com a eficácia e segurança e ainda aspectos éticos e económicos relacionados com o processo de uso de medicamentos off-label. Todos os intervenientes participaram activamente na reunião com apresentações formais pré-concebidas para o efeito ou dando a sua opinião. Este documento foi objecto de parecer por parte dos participantes na reunião de reflexão, sendo a sua redacção final resultado de um processo de consulta com o objectivo de obter um texto consensual.
description: Revista Portuguesa de Farmacoterapia, v. 3 n. 3 (2011): Julho
Community-based physical activity and the risk for cardiovascular disease in Aboriginal Canadians
Creators: name: Foulds, Heather-Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Introduction: Aboriginal individuals continue to experience greater levels of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes than the Canadian general population, though these diseases were historically rare. Increasing evidence indicates rising sedentary behaviours from the traditional healthy and active lifestyles of this population. Various interventions have been implemented to address the health inequities in Aboriginal peoples with mixed results. Unfortunately, limited research has taken a culturally appropriate community approach to improve the health and well-being of Aboriginal peoples. By implementing a community-based and participatory physical activity (PA) and healthy living program, health and wellness can be improved in a culturally relevant context. Purposes: The primary purpose of this investigation was to examine the health benefits of a community-based PA and healthy living intervention program for Aboriginal Canadians. Methods: Participants were recruited through local Aboriginal offices representing male and female participants of wide ranging ages and CVD risk profiles. Each participant completed identical testing days pre- and post-training including a variety of CVD risk factors and four CVD risk scoring systems. Participants were self-assigned to three different community-based PA interventions including walking, walk/running, or running. Results: Significant improvements in health measures and CVD risk scores were observed for both male and female participants of all age groups. The three PA programs produce similar improvements in health measures and risk scores. Individuals of high, moderate and low CVD risk also experienced similar improvements. Discussion: High program compliance indicated success for improving PA of this population. Improvements among both genders and a variety of age groups support this program as a successful intervention for males and females of all ages. The similar changes in health status with each of the programs suggest that Aboriginal adults successfully self-select an appropriate PA intervention for health benefits. Moreover, the similarity in improvements among participants of a variety of CVD risk classifications indicates this individualized program was appropriate for improving the health status of individuals of a range of CVD risk profiles. Conclusion: The self-selected intensities Hearts inTraining program was successful in improving health status and increasing PA for Aboriginal adults of all ages, genders and risk categories.
Stackelberg-Based Anti-Jamming Game for Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks
Creators: name: Sayed Ahmed, Ismail
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Cognitive radio network

description: With a target to address the frequency spectrum scarcity, Cognitive Radio technology emerged as a solution to achieve enhanced spectrum utilization through enabling secondary users to opportunistically access the licensed frequency bands meant for the primary users. Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) are plagued with new security threats besides the traditional threats that are shared with other wireless networks. Primary security threats include the radio jammers who deliberately transmit radio signals to block, mask, or emulate the legitimate active wireless connections. Acute radio jammers only attack at CRNs? vulnerable times to cause maximum damage while saving power and decreasing the probability of being detected. In this thesis, using the IEEE 802.22 CRNs as a basis, a security threat assessment is conducted, and a deception-based Stackelberg game anti-jamming mechanism is proposed. Unlike previous works in the literature, rst, this thesis utilizes the Bayesian Attack Graph (BAG) model to facilitate the security assessment of CRNs, providing a feasible metric of CR vulnerabilities. Using the BAG model, the probability of denial of service in the IEEE 802.22 networks was proven to increase up to 51:3% when considering multiple attacks in comparison to the most severe sole attack. Second, this thesis proposes a deception-based defense mechanism which aims at decreasing the contingent acute jamming attacks? likelihood in targeting CRNs? vulnerabilities. The Stackelberg framework is adopted to count for the bias in information which exists between the attacker and the defender due to the attacker?s reconnaissance capabilities. To this end, the Stackelberg equilibria between the attacker(s) and the defending CRN are calculated under the two cases when the players know and are uncertain about the primary user activity. Both theoretical analysis and numerical results show that the defending CRN can decrease the probability of success of the contingent acute jamming attacks when the defender has the incentive to defend the channel. Lastly, the thesis proves the usefulness of the proposed defense mechanism in the extreme case when the defender is uncertain about the attacker?s payo function in a repeated game framework through online learning.
WorldFAIR (D11.2) New interoperability specifications and policy recommendations
Creators: name: Buttigieg, Pier Luigi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Following closely from WorldFAIR Deliverable 11.1, this deliverable introduces a set of (meta)data interoperability specifications and recommendations for policies that would ensure their meaningful implementation and development within projects such as WorldFAIR and frameworks such as the Cross-Domain Interoperability Framework (CDIF). This is a concrete step towards interoperable regional and global data spaces (in the terms technical and accurate sense) using domain and regionally neutral interoperability conventions. This is essential to power the emerging integrative, AI-augmented ecosystems such as digital twins, cloud-native solutions, and virtualisation engines.
Specifications developed in the central case study of Work Package (WP) 11 - the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission's Ocean Data and Information System (ODIS) - were screened for their appropriateness to the cross-domain goals of WorldFAIR, and are now ready for community review in the CDIF community development space. Collectively, these specifications are referred to as "CDIF Core" and include (meta)data exchange specifications for 44 entity types (including datasets and other creative works, projects, organisations, and software) that are now available for review by other domains. These specifications are already aligned to prevailing conventions and web architectural patterns used by millions of machines worldwide (based on exchange of JSON-LD/schema.org). As such, this deliverable reports on a concrete advancement of CDIF and anticipates demonstrations of cross-work-package digital exchanges. Should these exchanges be successful and the specifications be well-managed under CDIF, a pathway to come full circle and align ODIS to CDIF is also described.
Perhaps of more importance in the long-term, this deliverable also describes, at a technical level, how the CDIF Core specifications should be managed by WorldFAIR and external implementation groups to maintain coherence and alignment, while supporting discoverable innovation. It also describes 1) how to nest domain- or regionally-specific content into the domain-neutral CDIF Core; and 2) how co-developers may feed back into the CDIF Core specifications in a principled and fully traceable way.
Following this work, WP11 will - as described in Task 11.3 - leverage CDIF Core to pursue demonstrations of cross-domain interoperability with WorldFAIR partners (particularly in biodiversity, cultural heritage, and disaster risk reduction) and/or themes to confirm the viability of the approaches described in this report.  
 
Visit WorldFAIR online at http://worldfair-project.eu.
WorldFAIR is funded by the EC HORIZON-WIDERA-2021-ERA-01-41 Coordination and Support Action under Grant Agreement No. 101058393.
A Liquid Crystal-Switched Passive Van Atta Array Element for Millimetre-Wave Automobile Radar Target Enhancement and Concurrent Data Modulation in Adverse Weather Conditions
Creators: name: Dratnal, Anthony Jan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Automotive
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: automotive radar
subject: radar target enhancer
subject: Van Atta array
subject: liquid crystal switching
subject: weather degradation of radar range

description: Severe weather challenges drivers by degrading visibility and road conditions. Modern automotive collision avoidance systems also experience degraded performance in bad weather, which reduces the range of car-mounted sensors that detect obstacles on the road, and of communication networks that warn other cars about hazards. Radar systems are resistant to most weather but remain affected by heavy rainfall, due to regulatory constraints on frequency and power. Radar architectures can improve, but this thesis proposes to enhance the detectability of vehicles by increasing their radar cross sections with a new automotive safety device: a conformal retrodirective patch antenna array installed into car bodywork. A millimetre-wave array element with a novel liquid crystal switch is successfully simulated, fabricated, and experimentally shown to sufficiently modulate the retransmitted radar signal to piggyback data. This guarantees safe detection ranges in worst-case rain showers and replaces secondary communication systems, minimizing environmental RF pollution.
Exact microcanonical statistical analysis of transition behavior in Ising chains and strips
Creators: name: Sitarachu, Kedkanok
name: Zia, Royce K. P.
name: Bachmann, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent analyses of least-sensitive inflection points in derivatives of the microcanonical entropy for the two-dimensional Ising model revealed higher-order transition signals in addition to the well-studied second-order ferromagnetic/paramagnetic phase transition. In this paper, we re-analyze the exact density of states for the one-dimensional Ising chain as well as the strips with widths/lengths of up to 64/1024 spins, in search of potential transition features. While some transitions begin to emerge as the strip width increases, none are found for the chain, as might be expected.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
The Canada-France Ecliptic Plane Survey - Full Data Release: The orbital structure of the Kuiper belt
Creators: name: Petit, Jean-Marc
name: Kavelaars, J. John
name: Gladman, Brett J.
name: Jones, R. Lynne
name: Parker, Joel Wm.
name: Van Laerhoven, Christa
name: Nicholson, Phil
name: Mars, Gilbert
name: Rousselot, Philippe.
name: Mousis, Olivier
name: Marsden, Brian
name: Bieryla, Allyson
name: Taylor, Matthew
name: Ashby, Matthew L. N.
name: Benavidez, Paula
name: Bagatin, Adriano Campo
name: Bernabeu, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the orbital distribution of the trans-neptunian objects (TNOs) discovered during the Canada-France Ecliptic Plane Survey, whose discovery phase ran from early 2003 until early 2007. The follow-up observations started just after the first discoveries and extended until late 2009. We obtained characterized observations of 321 sq.deg. of sky to depths in the range g ~ 23.5--24.4 AB mag. We provide a database of 169 TNOs with high-precision dynamical classification and known discovery efficiency. Using this database, we find that the classical belt is a complex region with sub-structures that go beyond the usual splitting of inner (interior to 3:2 mean-motion resonance [MMR]), outer (exterior to 2:1 MMR), and main (in between). The main classical belt (a=40--47 AU) needs to be modeled with at least three components: the `hot' component with a wide inclination distribution and two `cold' components (stirred and kernel) with much narrower inclination distributions. The hot component must have a significantly shallower absolute magnitude (Hg) distribution than the other two components. With 95% confidence, there are 8000+1800-1600 objects in the main belt with Hg <= 8.0, of which 50% are from the hot component, 40% from the stirred component and 10% from the kernel; the hot component's fraction drops rapidly with increasing Hg. Because of this, the apparent population fractions depend on the depth and ecliptic latitude of a trans-neptunian survey. The stirred and kernel components are limited to only a portion of the main belt, while we find that the hot component is consistent with a smooth extension throughout the inner, main and outer regions of the classical belt; the inner and outer belts are consistent with containing only hot-component objects. The Hg <= 8.0 TNO population estimates are 400 for the inner belt and 10,000 for the outer belt within a factor of two.
description: 59 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables
Argyresthia glaucinella Zeller 1839
Creators: name: Wieser, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Yponomeutidae
Argyresthia
Argyresthia glaucinella

description: Argyresthia glaucinella Zeller, 1839
Bei HUEMER & TARMANN 1993 wird die Art für Kärnten geführt, bei WIESER 2008 mit Kommentar fraglich gestellt und auch bei HUEMER 2013 wird die Art aktuell für Kärnten mit Fragezeichen angegeben. Es liegt vor dem nunmehrigen Fund lediglich eine Meldung von HÖFNER (1909 –1918) von der Predilstrasse bei Preth vor. Dieses am Anfang des letzten Jahrhunderts noch zu Kärnten zählende Gebiet liegt heute im Staatsgebiet von Slowenien. Die Aufnahme bei HUEMER & TARMANN für Kärnten dürfte somit wohl irrtümlich erfolgt sein. Der Fund aus Villach ist der erste gesicherte und belegte Fund aus dem Bundesland.
Funddaten: Villach, Spitzeckweg; 15.6.2017; leg. C. Holzschuh, det. Wieser
Das Tier wurde mittels Barcode genetisch überprüft und zweifelsfrei als A. glaucinella ausgewiesen und bestätigt (Barcodekenndaten in BOLD: KLM Lep 08851/LEAST1516-18).
Die Raupe der Art lebt laut Literatur in der Borke von Eichen oder Rosskastanien (AGASSIZ 1985, BENGTSON & JOHANSSON 2011).
Der Fund stammt aus einem Erhebungsprojekt des Landesmuseums in Kooperation mit dem Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein für Kärnten (Fachgruppe Entomologie) zur Diversität eines urbanen Hausgartens (Familie Holzschuh) am nördlichen Stadtrand von Villach und das Tier wurde von Carolus Holzschuh in diesem Rahmen gesammelt.
description: Published as part of Wieser, Christian, 2017, Weitere Erstfunde und bemerkenswerte Schmetterlingsnachweise aus Kärnten (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 285-291 in Rudolfinum – Jahrbuch des Landesmuseums für Kärnten 2017 on pages 286-287, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5725317
Neural Network Dynamics and Efficiency Underlying Individual Variability in Spatial Orientation
Creators: name: Arnold, Aiden EGF
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Psychology--Experimental
subject: spatial orientation
subject: fMRI
subject: functional connectivity
subject: Navigation
subject: cognitive neuroscience

description: Spatial orientation is a complex human skill that exhibits a high degree of individual variability. Here, a neural network perspective is applied to delineate the neural basis of this variability. Using a task that isolates the orientation process from spatial navigation, two sources of neural network variability were found to relate to accurate performance in making orientation decisions – network configuration and efficiency. Participants who preferentially recruited the right Supramarginal Gyrus within a task-related network performed better on the task. Global efficiency in a task-related and whole brain network were also found to relate to performance. These results are presented in a tentative model where the underlying functional architecture of a right lateralized anatomical network influences a person’s ability to configure brain networks associated with spatial orientation. The implications of this model are discussed in the context of neurodegenerative disorders and how it can be used in clinical settings.
Computing Star Discrepancies with Numerical Black-Box Optimization Algorithms
Creators: name: Clément, François
name: Vermetten, Diederick
name: de Nobel, Jacob
name: Jesus, Alexandre D.
name: Paquete, Luís
name: Doerr, Carola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The $L_{\infty}$ star discrepancy is a measure for the regularity of a finite set of points taken from $[0,1)^d$. Low discrepancy point sets are highly relevant for Quasi-Monte Carlo methods in numerical integration and several other applications. Unfortunately, computing the $L_{\infty}$ star discrepancy of a given point set is known to be a hard problem, with the best exact algorithms falling short for even moderate dimensions around 8. However, despite the difficulty of finding the global maximum that defines the $L_{\infty}$ star discrepancy of the set, local evaluations at selected points are inexpensive. This makes the problem tractable by black-box optimization approaches. In this work we compare 8 popular numerical black-box optimization algorithms on the $L_{\infty}$ star discrepancy computation problem, using a wide set of instances in dimensions 2 to 15. We show that all used optimizers perform very badly on a large majority of the instances and that in many cases random search outperforms even the more sophisticated solvers. We suspect that state-of-the-art numerical black-box optimization techniques fail to capture the global structure of the problem, an important shortcoming that may guide their future development. We also provide a parallel implementation of the best-known algorithm to compute the discrepancy.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of GECCO 2023
A model balancing cooperation and competition explains our right-handed world and the dominance of left-handed athletes
Creators: name: Abrams, Daniel M.
name: Panaggio, Mark J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92D15

description: An overwhelming majority of humans are right-handed. Numerous explanations for individual handedness have been proposed, but this population-level handedness remains puzzling. Here we use a minimal mathematical model to explain this population-level hand preference as an evolved balance between cooperative and competitive pressures in human evolutionary history. We use selection of elite athletes as a test-bed for our evolutionary model and account for the surprising distribution of handedness in many professional sports. Our model predicts strong lateralization in social species with limited combative interaction, and elucidates the rarity of compelling evidence for "pawedness" in the animal world.
description: 5 pages of text and 3 figures in manuscript, 8 pages of text and two figures in supplementary material
Additional file 1 of Novel neutralizing SARS-CoV-2-specific mAbs offer detection of RBD linear epitopes
Creators: name: Zadeh, Seyed Mostafa Mostafavi
name: Bayat, Ali Ahmad
name: Shahsavarani, Hosein
name: Karimi-Busheri, Feridoun
name: Kiani, Jafar
name: Ghods, Roya
name: Madjd, Zahra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1 Fig. S1 Reactivity assessment of rRBD binding to human ACE2. rRBD was detected by ACE2-HRP in ELISA. The experiment was performed in duplicates and the mean value is given.
Spectral Batch Normalization: Normalization in the Frequency Domain
Creators: name: Cakaj, Rinor
name: Mehnert, Jens
name: Yang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Regularization is a set of techniques that are used to improve the generalization ability of deep neural networks. In this paper, we introduce spectral batch normalization (SBN), a novel effective method to improve generalization by normalizing feature maps in the frequency (spectral) domain. The activations of residual networks without batch normalization (BN) tend to explode exponentially in the depth of the network at initialization. This leads to extremely large feature map norms even though the parameters are relatively small. These explosive dynamics can be very detrimental to learning. BN makes weight decay regularization on the scaling factors $γ, β$ approximately equivalent to an additive penalty on the norm of the feature maps, which prevents extremely large feature map norms to a certain degree. However, we show experimentally that, despite the approximate additive penalty of BN, feature maps in deep neural networks (DNNs) tend to explode at the beginning of the network and that feature maps of DNNs contain large values during the whole training. This phenomenon also occurs in a weakened form in non-residual networks. SBN addresses large feature maps by normalizing them in the frequency domain. In our experiments, we empirically show that SBN prevents exploding feature maps at initialization and large feature map values during the training. Moreover, the normalization of feature maps in the frequency domain leads to more uniform distributed frequency components. This discourages the DNNs to rely on single frequency components of feature maps. These, together with other effects of SBN, have a regularizing effect on the training of residual and non-residual networks. We show experimentally that using SBN in addition to standard regularization methods improves the performance of DNNs by a relevant margin, e.g. ResNet50 on ImageNet by 0.71%.
description: Accepted by The International Joint Conference on Neural Network (IJCNN) 2023
Exact Solutions for Compact Objects in General Relativity
Creators: name: Raghoonundun, Ambrish Mangeshwar
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics
subject: Astronomy and Astrophysics
subject: Exact solutions
subject: Einstein's equations
subject: Compact Objects

description: Seven new solutions to the interior static and spherically symmetric Einstein’s field equations (EFE) are found and investigated. These new solutions are a generalisation of the quadratic density fall-off profile of the Tolman VII solution. The generalisation involves the addition of anisotropic pressures and electric charge to the density profile. Of these new solutions three are found to obey all the necessary conditions of physical acceptability, including linear stability under radial perturbations, and causality of the speed of pressure waves inside the object. Additionally an equation of state can be found for all the physically viable solutions. The generalised pulsation equation for interior solutions to the EFE that include both electric charge and pressure anisotropy is derived and used to determine the stability of the solutions. However the pulsation equation found is general and can be used for all new solutions that contain these ingredients.
title: Violence Sells? Zur Darstellung sexualisierter Gewalt im Kontext der Reformdebatte der öffentlich-rechtlichen Sender
Creators: name: Frahm, Judith
Publisher: name: Filmuniversität Babelsberg Konrad Wolf
Year: 2023

description: Die Bachelorarbeit „Violence Sells?“ beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, ob die öffentlich rechtlichen Fernsehsender in ihrem Ringen um Reformen, Selbstverständnis und zu weilen auch Legitimation, ihren eigentlichen Auftrag, einen wesentlichen Beitrag zu einem demokratischen, gesellschaftlichen Diskurs und Zusammenhalt zu leisten, zu Gunsten der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit vernachlässigen und diesem in der häufig gewaltgeprägten Gestaltung ihrer fiktionalen Programme möglicher Weise sogar zuwider handeln. Ziel der Betrachtung dieses Spannungsfeldes zwischen gewaltgeprägter Programmgestaltung, der erklärten gesellschaftlichen Verantwortung und der vielfach diskutierten Neuausrichtung und -strukturierung der Sender ist, die große und besondere Relevanz der öffentlich rechtlichen Fernsehsender heraus zu arbeiten und ihr Potenzial, vor allem aber auch ihre gesamtgesellschaftliche Verantwortung zu definieren. Diese soll im Kontext der Reformdebatte fruchtbar gemacht werden. Neben der Analyse der genannten Debatte soll die spezifische Betrachtung der Darstellung von geschlechtsspezifischer und sexualisierter Gewalt als Brennglas dienen, um die Dynamiken und die gesellschaftlichen Dimensionen von Fernsehunterhaltung nachzuvollziehen.
Testis-specific isoform of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme as a fertility marker in dairy bulls
Creators: name: Ojaghi, Mina
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biophysics--Medical

description: Sperm DNA is transcriptionally inactive; therefore, sperm functions are regulated by proteins present in mature sperm, with potential for these proteins to be a fertility marker. A testis-specific isozyme of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (tACE) is involved in regulation of key steps leading to fertilization in rodents and humans. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the role of tACE in bull fertility. Using a custom anti-tACE immunoserum, tACE was detected in post-meiotic germ cells in the testes and localized to the acrosomal region of sperm head and principal piece of sperm tail. The extracellular portion of tACE, which contains the active site, was released during capacitation and was integral to its successful completion. In this study, tACE was tyrosine phosphorylated in a capacitation-dependent manner; perhaps this post-translational modification is involved in tACE shedding. Furthermore, cryopreservation and thawing decreased the content and activity of tACE in bull sperm. In fresh samples, this protein was in the acrosomal region of the sperm head, whereas after freezing and thawing, it re-localized from the acrosomal region to the postacrosomal region (equatorial segment and acrosomal ridge). Finally, regarding relationships among content, activity and localization of tACE and their association with field fertility in bulls, content and activity of this enzyme were significantly higher in high- versus low-fertility bulls. In summary, tACE content was selected as a single predictor of fertility and a link was established between tACE content and fertility.
Are Bullying and Crime Distinct Phenomena? How Criminology Can Inform Research on Bullying
Creators: name: Essemont, Chris
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Criminology and Penology
subject: Bullying
subject: Deviance
subject: Crime
subject: Latent Class Analysis
subject: Self-Control Theory
subject: General Strain Theory

description: Bullying is a prevalent threat facing today’s youth, and is associated with a number of negative lifelong consequences. Therefore, bullying has attracted a great deal of scholarly attention. Surprisingly however, this body of research tends to treat bullying as a unique phenomenon, despite the criminological literature having highlighted many of the same factors and characteristics predictive of bullying involvement. This suggests that bullying is neither new nor distinct, but simply another manifestation of an underlying propensity towards deviant behavior, and that the vast body of knowledge on crime and deviance should be equally applicable to bullying. Using data from a nationally representative school-based sample of American adolescents (N = 10,123), three separate analyses were undertaken to highlight the shared etiological roots of bullying and deviance/crime more generally, and the utility of criminological theory to the study of bullying perpetration. First, a latent class analysis of deviant behaviors (property crime, violent crime, other crime, substance abuse, and bullying) revealed four distinct classes of offenders, and bullies did not emerge as a separate class. This supports the argument that bullying is simply another manifestation of criminality. Second, a self-control model was estimated for each of these same deviant behaviors. Generally, the results indicate that lower levels of self-control are associated with an increased likelihood of participation in each outcome, supporting the argument that self-control theory can serve as an explanation of bullying. Third, models based on general strain theory were estimated for each outcome. In general, the results suggest that higher levels of strain lead to increased anger, which in turn leads to increased likelihood of involvement in each outcome, supporting the argument that general strain theory is applicable to the understanding of bullying involvement. Altogether, these results suggest that bullying is neither new nor distinct, but rather, just another manifestation of a tendency towards deviant behavior, and shares common etiological roots as other forms of misbehavior. This research contributes to both the criminological and bullying literatures by demonstrating the similarities between bullying and other forms of crime/deviance, and by demonstrating the strengths of criminological theories in understanding bullying.
Average Heating Rate of Hot Atmospheres in Distant Clusters by Radio AGN: Evidence for Continuous AGN Heating
Creators: name: Ma, C. -J.
name: McNamara, B. R.
name: Nulsen, P. E. J.
name: Schaffer, R.
name: Vikhlinin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine atmospheric heating by radio active galactic nuclei (AGN) in distant X-ray clusters by cross correlating clusters selected from the 400 Square Degree (400SD) X-ray Cluster survey with radio sources in the NRAO VLA Sky Survey. Roughly 30% of the clusters show radio emission above a flux threshold of 3 mJy within a projected radius of 250 kpc. The radio emission is presumably associated with the brightest cluster galaxy. The mechanical jet power for each radio source was determined using scaling relations between radio power and cavity (mechanical) power determined for nearby clusters, groups, and galaxies with hot atmospheres containing X-ray cavities. The average jet power of the central radio AGN is approximately $2\times 10^{44}$\ergs. We find no significant correlation between radio power, hence mechanical jet power, and the X-ray luminosities of clusters in the redshift range 0.1 -- 0.6. This implies that the mechanical heating rate per particle is higher in lower mass, lower X-ray luminosity clusters. The jet power averaged over the sample corresponds to an atmospheric heating of approximately 0.2 keV per particle within R$_{500}$. Assuming the current AGN heating rate does not evolve but remains constant to redshifts of 2, the heating rate per particle would rise by a factor of two. We find that the energy injected from radio AGN contribute substantially to the excess entropy in hot atmospheres needed to break self-similarity in cluster scaling relations. The detection frequency of radio AGN is inconsistent with the presence of strong cooling flows in 400SD clusters, but does not exclude weak cooling flows. It is unclear whether central AGN in 400SD clusters are maintained by feedback at the base of a cooling flow. Atmospheric heating by radio AGN may retard the development of strong cooling flows at early epochs.
description: ApJ in press
On thermalization of magnetic nano-arrays at fabrication
Creators: name: Nisoli, Cristiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model to predict and control the statistical ensemble of magnetic degrees of freedom in Artificial Spin Ice (ASI) during thermalized adiabatic growth. We predict that as-grown arrays are controlled by the temperature at fabrication and by their lattice constant, and that they can be described by an effective temperature. If the geometry is conducive to a phase transition, then the lowest temperature phase is accessed in arrays of lattice constant smaller than a critical value, which depends on the temperature at deposition. Alternatively, for arrays of equal lattice constant, there is a temperature threshold at deposition and the lowest temperature phase is accessed for fabrication temperatures {\it larger rather than smaller} than this temperature threshold. Finally we show how to define and control the effective temperature of the as-grown array and how to measure critical exponents directly. We discuss the role of kinetics at the critical point, and applications to experiments, in particular to as-grown thermalized square ASI, and to magnetic monopole crystallization in as-grown honeycomb ASI.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures. A theoretical approach to experimental results reported in: Morgan J P, Stein A, Langridge S and Marrows C (2010) Nature Physics 7 75