cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Engineering robust cellulases for tailored lignocellulosic degradation cocktails
Creators: name: Contreras, Francisca
name: Pramanik, Subrata
name: Rozhkova, Aleksandra M.
name: Zorov, Ivan N.
name: Korotkova, Olga
name: Sinitsyn, Arkady P.
name: Schwaneberg, Ulrich
name: Davari, Mehdi D.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biofuels
subject: Biomass degradation
subject: Cellulases
subject: Directed evolution
subject: Enzyme cocktail
subject: Protein engineering
subject: 570
subject: 540

description: Lignocellulosic biomass is a most promising feedstock in the production of second-generation biofuels. Efficient degradation of lignocellulosic biomass requires a synergistic action of several cellulases and hemicellulases. Cellulases depolymerize cellulose, the main polymer of the lignocellulosic biomass, to its building blocks. The production of cellulase cocktails has been widely explored, however, there are still some main challenges that enzymes need to overcome in order to develop a sustainable production of bioethanol. The main challenges include low activity, product inhibition, and the need to perform fine-tuning of a cellulase cocktail for each type of biomass. Protein engineering and directed evolution are powerful technologies to improve enzyme properties such as increased activity, decreased product inhibition, increased thermal stability, improved performance in non-conventional media, and pH stability, which will lead to a production of more efficient cocktails. In this review, we focus on recent advances in cellulase cocktail production, its current challenges, protein engineering as an efficient strategy to engineer cellulases, and our view on future prospects in the generation of tailored cellulases for biofuel production. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
title: Quantification of Landscape Structure Within the Land Condition-Trend Analysis Monitoring Program at Camp Williams, Utah
Creators: name: Munguia, Lorraine
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1996

description: The Land Condition-Trend Analysis (LCTA) program was developed by the U.S. Army to ass ist in the sustainable management of natural resources on U.S. Army lands. The LCTA program applies a standardized procedure in order to select long-term monitoring sites. The LCTA monitoring program was applied to Camp Williams, a National Army Guard training site located in central Utah. Due to the criteria set by the LCTA monitoring program, 6 I percent of Camp Williams was explicitly excluded from the LCTA monitoring protocol because it appeared to be more heterogeneous, which would make it difficult to locate monitoring sites in the field.
This study compared the monitored landscape with the unmonitored landscape to determine how the two landscapes differed. The expectation was that the monitored landscape would contain larger, less numerous patches compared with the unmonitored landscape, which was expected to contain smaller, more numerous patches. Accordingly, the landscape structures of the included and excluded lands were compared. The landscape metrics utilized to quantify landscape structure were largest patch index (percent), number of patches, patch density (#/1 00 ha), mean patch size (ha), double log fractal dimension, Simpson 's diversity index, Simpson 's evenness index, interspersion (percent), and contagion. Small differences did occur between the two landscapes, though the population variance showed that the two landscapes were more alike than different for all metrics, except interspersion and contagion which did show small differences. Due to the criteria set by the LCTA monitoring program, these results were not expected. Since it was shown for the majority of landscape metrics that the two landscapes were more alike than different, the 61 percent of Camp Williams excluded from monitoring consideration was not greatly different. However, important features such as riparian areas and recent small burns were largely contained within the areas excluded by the LCTA program. Further investigation of landscape metrics is encouraged because previously unmonitored features of wildlands can only be assessed by examination of these coarse-scale characteristics.
Electron EDM and soft leptogenesis in supersymmetric B-L extension of the standard model
Creators: name: Kajiyama, Yuji
name: Khalil, Shaaban
name: Raidal, Martti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the connection between electric dipole moment of the electron and the soft leptogenesis in supersymmetric $B-L$ extension of the standard model. In this model, the $B-L$ symmetry is radiatively broken at TeV scale. Therefore, it is a natural framework for low scale seesaw mechanism and also for implementing the soft leptogenesis. We show that the phases of trilinear soft SUSY breaking couplings $A$, which are relevant for the lepton asymmetry, are not constrained by the present experimental bounds on electric dipole moment. As in the MSSM extended with right-handed neutrinos, successful leptogenesis requires small bilinear coupling $B$, which is now given by $A_N$ and $B-L$ breaking VEVs. SUSY $B-L$ model with non-universal $A$-terms such that $A_N=0$ while $A_ν\neq0$ is a promising scenario for soft leptogenesis. The proposed EDM experiments will test this scenario in the future.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, minor changes, published version
title: Modeling Soil Loss to Determine Water Erosion Risk at Camp Williams National Guard Base, Utah
Creators: name: Bartsch, Kevin P.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1998

description: Soil erosion was assessed at Camp Williams National Guard Base by creating an erosion risk classification map and comparing the erosion impact of disturbance regimes on different hillslopes. Soil erosion does not appear to be a problem for most of Camp Williams.
The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation was applied using GIS to create a soil erosion risk map for the entire Camp Williams facility. The map indicated where problem areas occurred and showed relative erosion risk, but its lack of quantitative accuracy should be noted. Areas of concern included landscapes with little or no protective vegetation such as roads, abandoned agricultural fields, and sensitive riparian areas where gullies tend to form and expand.
The Water Erosion Prediction Project model was used to evaluate the erosion impacts of various disturbances on five study hillslopes. The model did not appear to function well on the Camp Williams study hillslopes because the distribution of infiltration rates could not be satisfactorily represented. However, hydraulic conductivity measurements collected for this task were useful in providing insight into some of the physical processes of erosion. The hydraulic conductivity measurements showed some of the impacts of military activities, grazing, and wildfire on soil properties.
Erosion bridges were also used on the five study hillslopes in an attempt to measure soil Joss and deposition. However, the bridges Jacked the capability of measuring the low rates of erosion during the time period set for this experiment. The bridges showed potential for measuring erosion in rills, gullies, highly disturbed areas, or in longer duration experiments.
title: The Influence of Soil Moisture Suction and Evaporative Demand on Actual Evapotranspiration and Yield of Alfalfa
Creators: name: Bahrani, Bozorg
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1960

description: Evapotranspiration has been defined as the combination of evaporation of water from the soil surface and transpiration of water by vegetation. If the ground is well covered by plants, most of the water is lost by transpiration of water directly from the plant tissue, rather than by evaporation of water directly from the soil surface. The term consumptive use is synonymous with evapotranspiration.
Structuring data for systematic review: towards a future of open and interoperable analyses
Creators: name: Gray, Charles
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Most systematic reviews and maps design bespoke data extraction tools. These databases obviously share similarities, for example citation information, study year, location, etc., and there are necessary differences depending on the focus of the review. However, each database uses different conventions related to column names, cell content formatting and structure. Because of the lack of templates across the evidence synthesis community, reviewers often learn the hard way that databases designed for data extraction are often not suitable for immediate visualisation, analysis or sharing. Using R functions we outline an approach to structuring databases, in which data are shared in tables wherein each row denotes an observation and each column a variable, and develop context-agnostic tools to translate databases between different formats for specific uses. This project offers computational workflows for reviewers to develop open syntheses and take a step toward standardisation of systematic review/map databases.
Global distribution of the migrating terdiurnal tide seen in sporadic e occurrence frequencies obtained from gps radio occultations
Creators: name: Fytterer, T.
name: Arras, C.
name: Hoffmann, P.
name: Jacobi, C.
Publisher: name: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: GPS radio occultation
subject: Sporadic E layer
subject: Terdiurnal tide
subject: Wind shear theory
subject: 550

description: Global Positioning System radio occultation measurements by FORMOsa SATellite mission-3/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate satellites were used to analyse the characteristics of the 8-h oscillation in sporadic E (E S ) layers. Six-year averages based on the 3-monthly mean zonal means from December 2006 to November 2012 were constructed for the amplitude of the terdiurnal oscillation in the occurrence frequency of E S . A global distribution from 60° S to 60° N is given, revealing two peaks above 100 km during solstice with one maximum at low and midlatitudes (approximately 10° to 40°) in each hemisphere. During equinox, the global distribution is marked by two dominant peaks centred at midlatitudes, while an additional weak maximum is located at very low southern latitudes. The seasonal characteristics around 110 km reveal large values during equinox at low and midlatitudes (<40° N), while further peaks occur in April at >40° S and in July near 30° S. The pattern around 90 km is dominated by a broad peak between 20° and 30° S from March to September. Comparisons with the terdiurnal oscillation in the neutral atmosphere derived from zonal wind and vertical zonal wind shear simulated with a circulation model of the middle atmosphere, as well as with satellite observations of the terdiurnal tide in temperature, fit quite well for the results above 100 km, but do not show agreement for lower altitudes.
EviAtlas – tool for producing visuals from evidence synthesis data. Presented at ESMARConf2021
Creators: name: Feierman, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Systematic reviews and maps typically involve the production of databases showing the key attributes of the studies included in the review. These databases are a major intellectual contribution that can assist data users and future reviewers alike; but they are typically published as spreadsheets that are difficult to interpret and investigate without specialist knowledge or tools. To address this problem, we created eviatlas in 2018 as an online app to allow users to investigate their own datasets within a free, online portal (https://estech.shinyapps.io/eviatlas/). While useful, however, this tool only allowed reviewers to view their own data, and not to facilitate access by external stakeholders. Further, building the sorts of interactive websites needed to investigate data in this way is beyond the budget or skillset present in most organisations. To address this gap, we have developed a ‘packaged’ version of eviatlas that users can call from within the R statistical environment. This new version expands the functionality of the original by allowing users to build and deploy their own apps, providing open access to their data to external users. Once complete, we envisage that eviatlas will provide an easy way to deploy interactive databases to the web, while allowing advanced users to fully customize the resulting websites by supplying additional information such as markdown, css and image files. In this talk we will provide an introduction to the software and demonstrate how it can enable publication of interactive websites with only a few lines of code.
Comprehension Is a Double-Edged Sword: Over-Interpreting Unspecified Information in Intelligible Machine Learning Explanations
Creators: name: Xuan, Yueqing
name: Small, Edward
name: Sokol, Kacper
name: Hettiachchi, Danula
name: Sanderson, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated decision-making systems are becoming increasingly ubiquitous, which creates an immediate need for their interpretability and explainability. However, it remains unclear whether users know what insights an explanation offers and, more importantly, what information it lacks. To answer this question we conducted an online study with 200 participants, which allowed us to assess explainees' ability to realise explicated information -- i.e., factual insights conveyed by an explanation -- and unspecified information -- i.e, insights that are not communicated by an explanation -- across four representative explanation types: model architecture, decision surface visualisation, counterfactual explainability and feature importance. Our findings uncover that highly comprehensible explanations, e.g., feature importance and decision surface visualisation, are exceptionally susceptible to misinterpretation since users tend to infer spurious information that is outside of the scope of these explanations. Additionally, while the users gauge their confidence accurately with respect to the information explicated by these explanations, they tend to be overconfident when misinterpreting the explanations. Our work demonstrates that human comprehension can be a double-edged sword since highly accessible explanations may convince users of their truthfulness while possibly leading to various misinterpretations at the same time. Machine learning explanations should therefore carefully navigate the complex relation between their full scope and limitations to maximise understanding and curb misinterpretation.
description: Accepted to International Journal of Human--Computer Studies
The layers of earth
Creators: name: Thomas, Patrick Hallman
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: These fifty-seven poems are a partial record of three journeys, in five stages. The journeys are: (1) chronological growth through and from boyhood; (2) changes of physical environment, of place; (3) interior journeys relating in various ways to the other two. The stages, or movement of the poems, as revealed in the section divisions, is: (1) from a view of immediate surroundings; (2) through observation of a wider scene; (3) through exploration of social environment, with its interior counterpart; (4) through involvement in sociopolitical concerns; (5) and finally to a sharper focus on the individual again, this time on the individual's only truly shared group of sensations, love. The book has the only possible central theme: (birth-growth-love-death) life. The experiences we have are basically our responses to objects or forces. Our beings exist as a network of responses to physical, mental and social environment, these being but aspects of our own physical selves. We receive, observe, explore, express, and love, through sense and sensation. "We think by feeling." And we can feel only the surfaces (inside, outside, along the edges) because as soon as we are through one surface we are onto the surface of another layer. So, paradoxically, concern for surfaces pulls us deep into the object or experience; so also the response is the experience. ("The Medium is the message.") The poems then are surfaces, sensations, responses. And all of this is in a context of "earthness." "Earth" is the starting place and the raw material graveyard of all our mental, spiritual, and social structures. Our experiences, sensations, imaginings, thoughts, reactions, actions, hopes, fears, and natural-cultural environments are "but different aspects of one substance, ourselves, different layers of our own earth. Our journeys and our stages of development are travels through the layers of the earth. In structure, the whole collection parallels each part, and the essential structure of each poem. The poem looks above and below, within and without, ahead and back. Each section begins and ends with a poem looking both ways. The collection begins with a poem stating the "why" of it all, and ends with the "Beginning." The main theme of each section is interwoven through the other sections. Unity is provided also by re-occurrence of symbols and images, and by a certain tone or point of view throughout. But the significances of these elements change with changing context, as the poems uncover successive "layers of earth."
title: Use of the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) Model to Predict Road Surface Erosion in Mountain Rangeland Areas
Creators: name: Zalewsky, Brian J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1998

description: A significant source of sediment in many watersheds is that associated with the layout, construction, and maintenance of roadways. Much work has been done in more mesic forested environments with little or none in semiarid systems. Acc urate estimation of runoff and sediment yield from native surfaced roads located in semiarid mountainous ecosystems is important to both private and public regulatory agencies. The Watershed Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model represents the most current erosion prediction technology. WEPP has been applied to the problems of logging road erosion in more mesic forests but has not been tested or evaluated on roadways located in semiarid mountainous ecosystems.
Six rainfall simulation experiments were conducted to measure runoff and sediment yield off three separate plots located on Tickville Road, located on Camp W.G. Williams, a National Guard Training Center in Utah . These data were compared with runoff and erosion estimates produced by the WEPP model. WEPP cropland and rangeland erodibility equations were used to predict rill erodibility (Kr), interrill erodibility (Ki), and critical shear (TAUc). These were tested for their effectiveness in predicting road erodibilities in these environments. A sensitivity analysis was performed on those parameters that were suspected of having a substantial impact on model output and accuracy.
There was an excellent correlation between predicted and observed total runoff volumes for all simulations (R2= 0.96). The differences were greater than 10% only for plot 2 wet; otherwise, the average difference for all six simulations was 4.9%. When using Kr, K.i , and TAUc as predicted by rangeland methods, predicted sediment yields differed from those measured, on average, by 82%. Predicted sediment yields differed by only 22% compared to calculated sediment yields, when using the cropland erodibility equations to predict Kr, K.i , and TAUc. A sensitivity analysis showed that percent slope, slope length, days since last tillage, and ridge roughness all had a significant impact on WEPP predicted sediment yields. Results show the effectiveness of the WEPP model in predicting runoff and erosion off native surfaced roads in these semiarid mountainous regions.
Wigner function non-classicality as indicator of quantum chaos
Creators: name: Kowalewska-Kudłaszyk, A.
name: Kalaga, J. K.
name: Leoński, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a Wigner function based parameter that can be used as an indicator of quantum chaos. This parameter is defined as "entropy" from the time-dependence of "non-classicallity" proposed in \cite{KZ04}. We perform our considerations for the system of damped nonlinear (Kerr-like) oscillator excited by a series of ultra-short external pulses.
description: 19 pages including 5 figures
title: Molecular Characterization of Soil Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria Based on the Genes Encoding Ammonia Monooxygenase
Creators: name: Alzerreca, Jose Javier
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) are chemolithotrophs that oxidize ammonia/ammonium to nitrite in a two-step process to obtain energy for survival. AOB are difficult to isolate from the environment and iso lated strains may not represent the diversity in soil. A genetic database and molecular tools were developed based on the ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) encoding genes that can be used to assess the diversity of AOB that exist in soil and aquatic environments without the isolation of pure cultures. The amo genes have excellent potential as molecular markers; since AMO is only found in the AOB and is essential for their metabolism, AOB must carry at least one functional copy of the amo operon. The operon is composed of at least three genes, amoC, amoA. and amoB (encoding for the subunits AmoC, AmoA, and AmoB). The amoC gene was first discovered and its sequence was obtained from Nitrosospira sp. NpA V. The amooperon is found in several copies within AOB genomes in the β-subdivision but as a single copy in y-subdivision genomes. In Southern analysis, cross-hybridization was only observed between amo genes within a subdivision. They-subdivision amo sequences have higher identity values to the genes encoding the related particulate methane monooxygenase than to the β-subdivision amo sequences. Since amoA encodes the subunit containing the active site, it was sequenced entirely for all the strains studied (16 amoA sequences total). The amoC and amoB genes were also sequenced for several strains. The amo genes allow for better discrimination between closely related strains than the 16S rRNA genes. In all cases, the amo operon consists of amoC, followed by a variable length intergenic region, and then by amoAB. The variability in length of the intergenic region is strain specific, and is therefore potentially useful for profiling AOB communities. The amo-gene database was the basis for the design of conserved oligonucleotide primers for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These primers were used to amplify amo sequences from a mixed template of DNA extracted directly from soil. Results indicate that the amo genes are excellent molecular markers for the assessment of AOB communities in the environment.
A Relativistic Type Ibc Supernova Without a Detected Gamma-ray Burst
Creators: name: Soderberg, A. M.
name: Chakraborti, S.
name: Pignata, G.
name: Chevalier, R. A.
name: Chandra, P.
name: Ray, A.
name: Wieringa, M. H.
name: Copete, A.
name: Chaplin, V.
name: Connaughton, V.
name: Barthelmy, S. D.
name: Bietenholz, M. F.
name: Chugai, N.
name: Stritzinger, M. D.
name: Hamuy, M.
name: Fransson, C.
name: Fox, O.
name: Levesque, E. M.
name: Grindlay, J. E.
name: Challis, P.
name: Foley, R. J.
name: Kirshner, R. P.
name: Milne, P. A.
name: Torres, M. A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) mark the explosive death of some massive stars and are a rare sub-class of Type Ibc supernovae (SNe Ibc). They are distinguished by the production of an energetic and collimated relativistic outflow powered by a central engine (an accreting black hole or neutron star). Observationally, this outflow is manifested in the pulse of gamma-rays and a long-lived radio afterglow. To date, central engine-driven SNe have been discovered exclusively through their gamma-ray emission, yet it is expected that a larger population goes undetected due to limited satellite sensitivity or beaming of the collimated emission away from our line-of-sight. In this framework, the recovery of undetected GRBs may be possible through radio searches for SNe Ibc with relativistic outflows. Here we report the discovery of luminous radio emission from the seemingly ordinary Type Ibc SN 2009bb, which requires a substantial relativistic outflow powered by a central engine. The lack of a coincident GRB makes SN 2009bb the first engine-driven SN discovered without a detected gamma-ray signal. A comparison with our extensive radio survey of SNe Ibc reveals that the fraction harboring central engines is low, ~1 percent, measured independently from, but consistent with, the inferred rate of nearby GRBs. Our study demonstrates that upcoming optical and radio surveys will soon rival gamma-ray satellites in pinpointing the nearest engine-driven SNe. A similar result for a different supernova is reported independently.
description: To appear in Nature on Jan 28 2010. Embargoed for discussion in the press until 13:00 US Eastern Time on Jan 27 (Accepted version, 27 pages, Manuscript and Suppl. Info.)
Mind the Gap
Creators: name: Skelton, Julia
name: Dickinson, Deborah
Publisher: name: DARIAH-DE
Year: 2023
Subjects: United Kingdom
Bradford
Theatre Group

description: Mind The Gap was founded in 1988 by Tim Wheeler and Susan Brown and has since become one of Europe’s leading disability theatre companies, with operations in both the UK and internationally. The primary aim of Mind the Gap’s extensive team is to create equal opportunities for actors with learning disabilities within the artistic sector. This goal is achieved through training, mutual respect, and the promotion of employment equality, resulting in a “bold, cutting-edge, and world-class artistic program” that has a significant impact locally, regionally, and internationally. Their work challenges, surprises, and excites, all while striving to encourage audiences to think differently.
The ultimate objective is to expand the audience’s perception of theatre, moving beyond traditional arts and theatre venues. Mind The Gap aims to redefine theatre as an art form that can also take shape in various spaces and locations through performances and events.
Selected productions:
ZARA (2019)
Survival Kit (2018)
Trickster (2014)
Gift (2014)
Immovable (2013)
Treasure Island (2013)
Stig of the Dump (2011)
Of Mice and Men (2011)
Boo (2009)
Crystal structure of bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)-(4,4′-di-tert- butylbipyridyl)hafnium(IV)-hexane (1:0.5), Hf(C10H15) 2(C18H24N2) · 0.5C 6H14
Creators: name: Beweries, T.
name: Spannenberg, A.
name: Rosenthal, U.
Publisher: name: Berlin : de Gruyter
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crystal structure
subject: Chemistry
subject: Crystallography
subject: 540

description: C41H61HfN2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 13.4410(4) Å, b = 13.9983(6) Å, c = 21.1996(8) Å, β = 98.144(3)°, V = 3948.5 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.051, wRref(F2) = 0.121,T = 200 K. © 2014 Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, München.
Theatre
Creators: name: Dr. Soledad Pereyra
name: Prof. Dr. Susanne Hartwig
Publisher: name: DARIAH-DE
Year: 2023
Subjects: Theatre

description: The following is a metadata subcollection on European theatre pieces and theatre groups involving performers with cognitive disabilities. This collection was compiled between 2020 and 2023 as part of the project “Erzählung, Erwartung, Erfahrung. Behinderung im zeitgenössischen europäischen Theater und Film” (EEE) or “Narrative, Expectation, and Experience: Disability in Contemporary European Theatre and Film,” which was funded by the German Research Foundation DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; project number 429281822) and directed by Prof. Dr. Susanne Hartwig of the University of Passau in Germany. The data collection was coordinated by Dr. Soledad Pereyra, University of Passau.
Black-Body Radiation in a Uniformly Accelerated Frame
Creators: name: Ariwahjoedi, Seramika
name: Adam, Apriadi Salim
name: Prihadi, Hadyan Luthfan
name: Zen, Freddy Permana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive Planck's radiation law in a uniformly accelerated frame expressed in Rindler coordinates. The black-body spectrum is time-dependent by its temperature and Planckian at each instantaneous time, but it is scaled by an emissivity factor that depends on the Rindler spatial coordinate and the acceleration magnitude. The observer in an accelerated frame will perceive the black-body as black, hyperblack, or grey, depending on its position with respect to the source (moving away or towards), the acceleration magnitude, and the case of whether it is accelerated or decelerated. For an observer accelerating away from the source, there exists a threshold on the acceleration magnitude beyond which it stops receiving radiation from the black-body. Since the frequency and the number of modes in Planck's law evolve over time, the spectrum is continuously red or blue-shifted towards lower (or higher) frequencies as time progresses, and the radiation modes (photons) could be created or annihilated, depending on the observer's position and its acceleration or deceleration relative to the source of radiation.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures
On the shape of the spectrum of cosmic-rays accelerated inside superbubbles
Creators: name: Ferrand, Gilles
name: Marcowith, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova remnants are believed to be a major source of cosmic-rays in the Galaxy. As their progenitors are commonly found clustered in OB associations, one has to consider the possibility of collective effects in the acceleration process. In this work we investigate the shape of the spectrum of protons accelerated inside the superbubbles blown around clusters of massive stars. To do so we embed semi-analytical models of particle acceleration and transport inside Monte-Carlo simulations of OB associations timelines. We consider regular acceleration at the shock front of supernova remnants, as well as stochastic re-acceleration and escape occurring between the shocks. We observe that particle spectra, although strongly intermittent, get a distinctive shape resulting from a competition between acceleration and escape: they are harder at the lowest energies and softer at the highest energies. The momentum at which this spectral break occurs depends on a single dimensionless parameter, which we evaluate for a selection of objects. The behaviour of a superbubble regarding acceleration depends on the magnetic turbulence: if B is low the superbubble is simply the host of a collection of individual supernovae shocks, but if B is high enough it acts as a global accelerator, producing distinctive spectra ? which has important implications on the high-energy emission from these objects.
description: accepted for publication in A&A (final version)
Characterizing the non-monotonic behavior of mutual information along biochemical reaction cascades
Creators: name: Fan, Raymond
name: Hilfinger, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cells sense environmental signals and transmit information intracellularly through changes in the abundance of molecular components. Such molecular abundances can be measured in single cells and exhibit significant heterogeneity in clonal populations even in identical environments. Experimentally observed joint probability distributions can then be used to quantify the covariability and mutual information between molecular abundances along signaling cascades. However, because stationary state abundances along stochastic biochemical reaction cascades are not conditionally independent, their mutual information is not constrained by the data processing inequality. Here, we report the conditions under which the mutual information between stationary state abundances increases along a cascade of biochemical reactions. This non-monotonic behavior can be intuitively understood in terms of noise propagation and time-averaging stochastic fluctuations that are short-lived compared to an extrinsic signal. Our results re-emphasize that mutual information measurements of stationary state distributions of cellular components may be of limited utility for characterizing cellular signaling processes because they do not measure information transfer.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
evimappr an R package for producing interactive bubble plots of evidence. Presented at ESMARConf2021
Creators: name: Keenan, Ciara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: evimappr is an R package designed to help evidence synthesis authors display the volume of evidence across three categorical variables. The package produces bubble plots that separate any quantitative variable (e.g. the number of studies in a review) across an x and y axis and a third dimension (ideally with
Behavior of pressure and viscosity at high densities for two-dimensional hard and soft granular materials
Creators: name: Otsuki, Michio
name: Hayakawa, Hisao
name: Luding, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pressure and the viscosity in two-dimensional sheared granular assemblies are investigated numerically. The behavior of both pressure and viscosity is smoothly changing qualitatively when starting from a mono-disperse hard-disk system without dissipation and moving towards a system of (i) poly-disperse, (ii) soft particles with (iii) considerable dissipation. In the rigid, elastic limit of mono-disperse systems, the viscosity is approximately inverse proportional to the area fraction difference from $ϕ_η \simeq 0.7$, but the pressure is still finite at $ϕ_η$. In moderately soft, dissipative and poly-disperse systems, on the other hand, we confirm the recent theoretical prediction that both scaled pressure (divided by the kinetic temperature $T$) and scaled viscosity (divided by $\sqrt{T}$) diverge at the same density, i.e., the jamming transition point $ϕ_J > ϕ_η$, with the exponents -2 and -3, respectively. Furthermore, we observe that the critical region of the jamming transition becomes invisible as the restitution coefficient approaches unity, i.e. for vanishing dissipation. In order to understand the conflict between these two different predictions on the divergence of the pressure and the viscosity, the transition from soft to hard particles is studied in detail and the dimensionless control parameters are defined as ratios of various time-scales. We introduce a dimensionless number, i.e. the ratio of dissipation rate and shear rate, that can identify the crossover from the scaling of very hard, i.e. rigid disks to the scaling in the soft, jamming regime.
description: 23 pages, 20 figures, to appear in Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement
Wavelength dependent characterization of a multimode fibre endoscope
Creators: name: Pikálek, Tomáš
name: Tragardh, Johanna
name: Simpson, Stephen
name: Čižmár, Tomáš
Publisher: name: Washington D.C. : Optical Society of America
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: multimode fibre
subject: endoscope
subject: microscopy
subject: 620

description: Multimode fibres have recently shown promise as miniature endoscopic probes. When used for non-linear microscopy, the bandwidth of the imaging system limits the ability to focus light from broadband pulsed lasers as well as the possibility of wavelength tuning during the imaging. We demonstrate that the bandwidth is limited by the dispersion of the off-axis hologram displayed on the SLM, which can be corrected for, and by the limited bandwidth of the fibre itself. The selection of the fibre is therefore crucial for these experiments. In addition, we show that a standard prism pulse compressor is sufficient for material dispersion compensation for multi-photon imaging with a fibre endoscope.
Visions for Henderson: A Workshop on Managing Peri-Urban Growth in Solomon Islands
Creators: name: Barbara, Julien
name: Keen, Meg
name: Carpenter, Jessica
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University
Year: 2016

description: In August 2016, the ANU partnered with Guadalcanal Provincial Government to convene a workshop to explore visions, priorities, and options for the future development of Henderson. The workshop was designed to support a constructive dialogue on urban development opportunities. This In Brief sets out key insights raised by stakeholders during the workshop and analyses how future research and policy engagement could better address rapid urbanisation in Guadalcanal. Around 30 participants attended the workshop from national, provincial and local government agencies, members of the Guadalcanal Provincial Assembly, and community groups. The enthusiasm to create new pathways for local urban development was strong.
In My Backyard - archive
Creators: name: GonzÃ¡Lez, Esteban
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The project aims to understand and map the use of pesticides and fertilizers and sustainable alternative practices in the context of home farming and gardening. Simultaneously, it aims to disseminate information on the topic with the final aim of reducing the use of pesticides and fertilizers.
description: Research Object in rohub2020: https://w3id.org/ro-id/f8a18fd7-d75b-4d22-a4fd-6dc6749234d5
MPEC 2024-C82 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2024 February 8)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
On the possible generation of the young massive open clusters Stephenson2 and BDSB122 by Omega Centauri
Creators: name: Salerno, Gustavo
name: Bica, Eduardo
name: Bonatto, Charles
name: Rodrigues, Irapuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A massive objects such as a globular cluster passing through the disk of a galaxy can trigger star formation. We test the hypothesis that the most massive globular cluster in the Galaxy, $ω$ Centauri, which crossed the disk approximately $24\pm2$ Myr ago, may have triggered the formation of the open clusters Stephenson 2 and BDSB 122. The orbits of $ω$ Centauri, Stephenson 2 and BDSB 122 are computed for the three-component model of Johnston, Hernquist & Bolte, which considers the disk, spheroidal and halo gravitational potentials. With the re-constructed orbit of $ω$ Centauri, we show that the latest impact site is consistent, within important uncertainties, with the birth-site of the young massive open clusters BDSB 122 and Stephenson 2. Within uncertainties, this scenario is consistent with the time-scale of their backwards motion in the disk, shock wave propagation and delay for star formation. Together with open cluster formation associated to density waves in spiral arms, the present results are consistent with the idea that massive globular clusters as additional progenitors of open clusters, the massive ones in particular.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; accepted by A&A
Women general practitioners in Australia
Creators: name: Kilmartin, MR
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis addresses the key issues in the professional and non-professional lives of women general practitioners (WGPs) in Australia. It investigates their socio-political place within in the medical profession, organisations and Colleges particularly relating to General Practice and leads on to proposals that may ameliorate the dominant masculine culture that pervades the medical profession. The investigation comprised a Delphi Study involving 40 WGPs and semi-structured interviews with 25 eminent General Practitioners (15 women, 10 men), both components including a breadth of geographical and work-backgrounds. The two studies were underpinned by relevant literature, history and sociological theory. The Delphi Study highlighted the value of the whole-person concept and identified key issues that affect the professional and non-professional lives of WGPs. Developing satisfying relationships with partners and children and preserving their health and wellbeing were of primary importance to WGPs as wives, mothers and professionals. The women sought job satisfaction and most displayed distinctively non-masculine models of work. Male domination was evident in all aspects of the lives of the WGPs taking part in this study. Interviews with the eminent GPs highlighted the existence of masculine power and patriarchy in the hierarchical structures of organisations of General Practice and in the General Practice environment. These interviews also provided insights to how the WGPs coped with the inequities they encountered. It is concluded that we cannot examine the professional life ofWGPs in isolation and problems of gender equity in the medical profession must be recognised as a first step towards their rectification. The thesis highlights the problems faced by WGPs in Australia and provides proposals for fostering a culture of inclusivity of both sexes in medical practice. There are indications that generational change will bring improvements to domestic problems and inappropriate work professional practices together with a culture inclusive of both male and female GPs.
Optimized polymer-based glucose release in microtiter plates for small-scale E. coli fed-batch cultivations
Creators: name: Keil, Timm
name: Dittrich, Barbara
name: Lattermann, Clemens
name: Büchs, Jochen
Publisher: name: London : BioMed Central
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Bioprocess development
subject: Catabolite repression
subject: Escherichia coli
subject: Fed-batch
subject: High-throughput
subject: Microtiter plate
subject: Overflow metabolism
subject: Screening
subject: 570

description: Background: Small-scale cultivation vessels, which allow fed-batch operation mode, become more and more important for fast and reliable early process development. Recently, the polymer-based feeding system was introduced to allow fed-batch conditions in microtiter plates. Maximum glucose release rates of 0.35 mg/h per well (48-well-plate) at 37 °C can be achieved with these plates, depending on the media properties. The fed-batch cultivation of fluorescent protein-expressing E. coli at oxygen transfer rate levels of 5 mmol/L/h proved to be superior compared to simple batch cultivations. However, literature suggests that higher glucose release rates than achieved with the currently available fed-batch microtiter plate are beneficial, especially for fast-growing microorganisms. During the fed-batch phase of the cultivation, a resulting oxygen transfer rate level of 28 mmol/L/h should be achieved. Results: Customization of the polymer matrix enabled a considerable increase in the glucose release rate of more than 250% to up to 0.90 mg/h per well. Therefore, the molecular weight of the prepolymer and the addition of a hydrophilic PDMS-PEG copolymer allowed for the individual adjustment of a targeted glucose release rate. The newly developed polymer matrix was additionally invariant to medium properties like the osmotic concentration or the pH-value. The glucose release rate of the optimized matrix was constant in various synthetic and complex media. Fed-batch cultivations of E. coli in microtiter plates with the optimized matrix revealed elevated oxygen transfer rates during the fed-batch phase of approximately 28 mmol/L/h. However, these increased glucose release rates resulted in a prolonged initial batch phase and oxygen limitations. The newly developed polymer-based feeding system provides options to manufacture individual feed rates in a range from 0.24-0.90 mg/h per well. Conclusions: The optimized polymer-based fed-batch microtiter plate allows higher reproducibility of fed-batch experiments since cultivation media properties have almost no influence on the release rate. The adjustment of individual feeding rates in a wide range supports the early process development for slow, average and fast-growing microorganisms in microtiter plates. The study underlines the importance of a detailed understanding of the metabolic behavior (through online monitoring techniques) to identify optimal feed rates. © 2020 The Author(s).
What can networks tell us in an evidence and gap map context? Vegetated strips in agricultural fields as a case study. Presented at ESMARConf2021
Creators: name: Young, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Evidence and gaps maps (EGMs) bring together scattered and siloed knowledge from existing research to develop decision-making tools for evidence-based policy. In addition to the thematic categorization of studies by characteristics relevant to decision-makers, EGMs also often include a basic bibliometric analysis to understand trends in publishing and authorship. In 2019, the concept of 'research weaving' was introduced by Nakagawa and colleagues to describe a more advanced bibliometric analysis including network visualization and text analysis to provide insights into collaboration and citation dynamics in a systematic mapping context. The current work seeks to apply these concepts to a previously published EGM on the role of vegetated strips in agricultural fields. Taking this EGM as a case study, we seek to demonstrate the added value of including analyses of co-authorship, citation and keyword co-occurrence networks in EGMs, including what these analyses can tell us about the social dynamics of research communities that contribute knowledge to this area and shed light on terminology used to describe key concepts, which could aid in the search for additional literature. We hope to provide a clear path forward using existing open source tools in R, and other open platforms like VosViewer, to enable researchers to add new layers of understanding to EGMs that could help drive collaboration and facilitate the evidence synthesis process.
title: A Descriptive Summary of Various Band Booster Groups in Southeastern Idaho and a Study of Their Benefits to the Schools
Creators: name: Roberts, Melborne
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1961

description: Within the last 30 years the music departments in the schools of the Southeastern Idaho areas have grown tremendously. With the mushrooming of the band programs within these music departments many problems appear. They arise primarily from inadequate funds.