cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Novel hybrid informational model for predicting the creep and shrinkage deflection of reinforced concrete beams containing GGBFS
Creators: name: Faridmehr, Iman
name: Shariq, Mohd
name: Plevris, Vagelis
name: Aalimahmoody, Nasrin
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Artificial intelligence
Software engineering

description: This study investigates a Novel Hybrid Informational model for the prediction of creep and shrinkage deflection of reinforced concrete (RC) beams containing different percentages of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) at different ages, varying from 1 to 150 days. The percentage of cement replacement by GGBFS varies from 20 to 60%. In order to examine the effects of the applied load and tensile reinforcement on creep behavior, the magnitude of two-point loading was varied from 200 kg to a maximum of 350 kg while the percentage of tensile reinforcement (ρ) was selected as either 0.77% or 1.2%. The current situation about short-term and long-term deflections due to creep and shrinkage available in the international standards, including ACI, BS and Eurocode 2, is discussed. The results indicate that RC beams containing GGBFS have larger deflections than the ones with conventional concrete (i.e., ordinary Portland cement concrete). After 150 days, the average creep deflection of RC beams containing 20, 40, and 60% GGBFS was 30, 70, and 100% higher than the ones for conventional concrete beams, respectively. A hybrid artificial neural network coupled with a metaheuristic Whale optimization algorithm has been developed to estimate the overall deflection of concrete beams due to creep and shrinkage. Several statistical metrics, including the root mean square error and the coefficient of variation, revealed that the generalized model achieved the most reliable and accurate prediction of the concrete beam’s deflection in comparison with international standards and other models. This novel informational model can simplify the design processes in computational intelligence structural design platforms in future.Other Information Published in: Neural Computing and Applications
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00521-022-07150-3
Spectroscopical Inline Analysis of Wet Chemical Processes
Creators: name: Zimmer, M.
name: Oltersdorf, A.
name: Kirchgässner, E.
name: Rentsch, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1057-1061
description: Solar cell fabrication contains many wet chemical process steps. One of these steps is the acidic texturisation of multicrystalline silicon wafers. For the process control of the texturisation process, two analytical methods were recently proposed, titration and ion chromatography. A third method, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) is presented as a new method for the fast and exact measurement of all bath components. A Partial Least Squares (PLS) calibration model was built and validated in an etching experiment, where silicon was dissolved in a mixture of HF and HNO3; the chemical concentrations were measured with NIR-spectroscopy. The results were validated and compared to those of ion chromatography and titration.
3D UNet Arabidopsis Apical Stem Cells
Creators: name: Cerrone, Lorenzo
name: Wolny, Adrian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: bioimage.io
bioimage.io:model
plantseg
unet
3d
semantic-segmentation
arabidopsis
stem-cells
cell-membrane
plant
tissue
fluorescence-light-microscopy
pytorch

description: Download RDF Package
UNet3D Arabidopsis Apical Stem Cells 3D Unet trained on confocal images of Arabidopsis thaliana apical stem cells
description: 3D Unet trained on confocal images of Arabidopsis thaliana apical stem cell: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/262530. Voxel size: [0.25, 0.25, 0.25] (Uploaded via https://bioimage.io)
3D UNet Arabidopsis Apical Stem Cells
Creators: name: Cerrone, Lorenzo
name: Wolny, Adrian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: bioimage.io
bioimage.io:model
plantseg
unet
3d
semantic-segmentation
arabidopsis
stem-cells
cell-membrane
plant
tissue
fluorescence-light-microscopy
pytorch

description: Download RDF Package UNet3D Arabidopsis Apical Stem Cells 3D Unet trained on confocal images of Arabidopsis thaliana apical stem cells
description: 3D Unet trained on confocal images of Arabidopsis thaliana apical stem cell: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/262530. Voxel size: [0.25, 0.25, 0.25] (Uploaded via https://bioimage.io)
Operational neural networks
Creators: name: Kiranyaz, Serkan
name: Ince, Turker
name: Iosifidis, Alexandros
name: Gabbouj, Moncef
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Artificial intelligence
Software engineering

description: Feed-forward, fully connected artificial neural networks or the so-called multi-layer perceptrons are well-known universal approximators. However, their learning performance varies significantly depending on the function or the solution space that they attempt to approximate. This is mainly because of their homogenous configuration based solely on the linear neuron model. Therefore, while they learn very well those problems with a monotonous, relatively simple and linearly separable solution space, they may entirely fail to do so when the solution space is highly nonlinear and complex. Sharing the same linear neuron model with two additional constraints (local connections and weight sharing), this is also true for the conventional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and it is, therefore, not surprising that in many challenging problems only the deep CNNs with a massive complexity and depth can achieve the required diversity and the learning performance. In order to address this drawback and also to accomplish a more generalized model over the convolutional neurons, this study proposes a novel network model, called operational neural networks (ONNs), which can be heterogeneous and encapsulate neurons with any set of operators to boost diversity and to learn highly complex and multi-modal functions or spaces with minimal network complexity and training data. Finally, the training method to back-propagate the error through the operational layers of ONNs is formulated. Experimental results over highly challenging problems demonstrate the superior learning capabilities of ONNs even with few neurons and hidden layers. Other Information Published in: Neural Computing and Applications
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00521-020-04780-3
Mapping of Snow Cover Periods for Yield Assessment and Dimensioning of PV Systems
Creators: name: Wirth, G.
name: Weigl, T.
name: Weizenbeck, J.
name: Zehner, M.
name: Schroedter-Homscheidt, M.
name: Becker, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Systems
PV Power Plants

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 4070-4073
description: Snow on the panels reduces the yield generated by photovoltaic (PV) systems. In order to optimize
yield estimates, detailed information about snow cover periods is vital. Snow cover maps based on satellite data
provide this information for simulating, planning and improving profit estimates. The advantage thereby is that
satellite-based data is spatially comprehensive, instead of being interpolated, as is the case with ground measurement
data. The maps based on satellite datasets are validated with land-based maps of the German Weather Service
(DWD). In this paper, snow cover maps from Germany, Europe, and the USA are presented with a focus on the
needs of the solar industry.
The magnetic properties of the planet host star Kepler-78
Creators: name: Moutou, Claire
name: Donati, Jean-Francois
name: Lin, Doug
name: Laine, Randy
name: Hatzes, Artie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kepler-78 is host to a transiting 8.5-hour orbit super-Earth. In this paper, the rotation and magnetic properties of the planet host star are studied. We first revisit the Kepler photometric data for a detailed description of the rotation properties of Kepler-78, showing that the star seems to undergo a cycle in the spot pattern of ~1,300 day duration. We then use spectropolarimetric observations with CFHT/ESPaDOnS to measure the circular polarization in the line profile of the star during its rotation cycle, as well as spectroscopic proxies of the chromospheric activity. The average field has an amplitude of 16 G. The magnetic topology is characterized by a poloidal and a toroidal component, encompassing 60% and 40% of the magnetic energy, respectively. Differential rotation is detected with an estimated rate of 0.105+-0.039 rad/d. Activity tracers vary with the rotation cycle of the star; there is no hint that a residual activity level is related to the planetary orbit at the precision of our data. The description of the star magnetic field's characteristics then may serve as input for models of interactions between the star and its close-by planet, e.g., Ohmic dissipation and unipolar induction.
Direct Film Transfer (DFT) Technology for Kerf-Free Silicon Wafering
Creators: name: Henley, F.
name: Lamm, A.
name: Kang, S.
name: Liu, Z.
name: Tian, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1090-1093
description: A new beam-induced large-area crystalline silicon PV wafering process with near zero kerf-loss has been developed. This paper introduces the Direct Film Transfer (DFT) process and describes its practical utilization to slice thin (50-150μm) PV wafers in high-volume manufacturing. The material characteristics such as lifetime, mechanical strength and TTV when monocrystalline silicon ingots are wafered using this new process are also summarized and show excellent results compared to traditional multi-wire slurry saw (MWSS) slicing methods.
Shrimp closed-loop supply chain network design
Creators: name: Mosallanezhad, Behzad
name: Hajiaghaei-Keshteli, Mostafa
name: Triki, Chefi
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Theory of computation
Pure mathematics

description: Recent developments in food industries have attracted both academic and industrial practitioners. Shrimp as a well-known, rich, and sought-after seafood, is generally obtained from either marine environments or aquaculture. Central prominence of Shrimp Supply Chain (SSC) is brought about by numerous factors such as high demand, market price, and diverse fisheries or aquaculture locations. In this respect, this paper considers SSC as a set of distribution centers, wholesalers, shrimp processing factories, markets, shrimp waste powder factory, and shrimp waste powder market. Subsequently, a mathematical model is proposed for the SSC, whose aim is to minimize the total cost through the supply chain. The SSC model is NP-hard and is not able to solve large-size problems. Therefore, three well-known metaheuristics accompanied by two hybrid ones are exerted. Moreover, a real-world application with 15 test problems are established to validate the model. Finally, the results confirm that the SSC model and the solution methods are effective and useful to achieve cost savings.Other Information Published in: Soft Computing
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00500-021-05698-1
Plank Cells: Ultra Thin and Flexible Solar Cell
Creators: name: Fong, K.C.
name: Blakers, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 200-202
description: The design, development and performance of a flexible mono-crystalline silicon solar cell is
presented. The mentioned solar cell design is 18~25μm thick, elongated in shape, and can be rolled up around a 6mm
diameter. The design of the solar cell is presented in detail and discussed in the paper. Preparation of the solar cell is
done on free standing thin mono-crystalline silicon wafers, and standard manufacturing processes and handling
techniques are used for all parts of the cell preparation. Several batches of Plank solar cells has been successfully
fabricated and tested. Initial results are promising, and prove the possibility of producing highly flexible solar cells
using mono-crystalline silicon solar cells. The structure is then evaluation using 2-D modelling to examine the ideal
performance of Plank Solar cells at thicknesses that allow high flexibility.
Antihypertensive agents: a long way to safe drug prescribing in children
Creators: name: Siddiqi, Nida
name: Shatat, Ibrahim F.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences
Paediatrics

description: Recently updated clinical guidelines have highlighted the gaps in our understanding and management of pediatric hypertension. With increased recognition and diagnosis of pediatric hypertension, the use of antihypertensive agents is also likely to increase. Drug selection to treat hypertension in the pediatric patient population remains challenging. This is primarily due to a lack of large, well-designed pediatric safety and efficacy trials, limited understanding of pharmacokinetics in children, and unknown risk of prolonged exposure to antihypertensive therapies. With newer legislation providing financial incentives for conducting clinical trials in children, along with publication of pediatric-focused guidelines, literature available for antihypertensive agents in pediatrics has increased over the last 20 years. The objective of this article is to review the literature for safety and efficacy of commonly prescribed antihypertensive agents in pediatrics. Thus far, the most data to support use in children was found for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and calcium channel blockers (CCB). Several gaps were noted in the literature, particularly for beta blockers, vasodilators, and the long-term safety profile of antihypertensive agents in children. Further clinical trials are needed to guide safe and effective prescribing in the pediatric population.Other Information Published in: Pediatric Nephrology
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00467-019-04314-7
The Carbon Neutral Workspace - A Platform for Reducing the Standby Consumption
Creators: name: Jensen, K.F.
name: Bentzen, B.
name: Poulsen, P.
name: Dam-Hansen, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Systems
PV and Architecture

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3931-3934
description: This article presents the work process and results gained in the ongoing project „The Carbon neutral
workspace, which was started up in 2008. The objective of the project is focused on elucidating and uncovering the
great potential for usage of PVs to power the standby electric consumption in indoor applications.
The work performed in the project evolves on an electrical adjustable table used in office spaces, where the result is
three functional showcases of the table with photovoltaic cells implemented to power the standby consumption. In
this case the standby energy consumption is estimated to be 15 times greater than the in operation energy
consumption. The work carried out involves investigation of light in office spaces where light measurements were
conducted, dimensioning of PV cells under indoor, lowlight conditions, redesign of the electrical configuration in
order to reduce the standby consumption as well as consideration of materials and integration of the photovoltaic
cells.
Star formation activity in Balmer break galaxies at $z$ < 1.5
Creators: name: Tello, J. Díaz
name: Donzelli, C.
name: Padilla, N.
name: Akiyama, M.
name: Fujishiro, N.
name: Yoshikawa, T.
name: Hanami, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We present a spectroscopic study of the properties of 64 Balmer break galaxies that show signs of star formation. The studied sample of star-forming galaxies spans a redshift range from 0.094 to 1.475 with stellar masses in the range 10$^{8}-$10$^{12}$ $M_{\odot}$. The sample also includes eight broad emission line galaxies with redshifts between 1.5 $
description: preprint version, 23 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables, accepted to be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Preliminary design and evaluation of a remote tele-mentoring system for minimally invasive surgery
Creators: name: Shabir, Dehlela
name: Abdurahiman, Nihal
name: Padhan, Jhasketan
name: Anbatawi, Malek
name: Trinh, May
name: Balakrishnan, Shidin
name: Al-Ansari, Abdulla
name: Yaacoub, Elias
name: Deng, Zhigang
name: Erbad, Aiman
name: Mohammed, Amr
name: Navkar, Nikhil V.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: Background Tele-mentoring during surgery facilitates the transfer of surgical knowledge from a mentor (specialist surgeon) to a mentee (operating surgeon). The aim of this work is to develop a tele-mentoring system tailored for minimally invasive surgery (MIS) where the mentor can remotely demonstrate to the mentee the required motion of the surgical instruments. Methods A remote tele-mentoring system is implemented that generates visual cues in the form of virtual surgical instrument motion overlaid onto the live view of the operative field. The technical performance of the system is evaluated in a simulated environment, where the operating room and the central location of the mentor were physically located in different countries and connected over the internet. In addition, a user study was performed to assess the system as a mentoring tool. Results On average, it took 260 ms to send a view of the operative field of 1920 × 1080 resolution from the operating room to the central location of the mentor and an average of 132 ms to receive the motion of virtual surgical instruments from the central location to the operating room. The user study showed that it is feasible for the mentor to demonstrate and for the mentee to understand and replicate the motion of surgical instruments. Conclusion The work demonstrates the feasibility of transferring information over the internet from a mentor to a mentee in the form of virtual surgical instruments. Their motion is overlaid onto the live view of the operative field enabling real-time interactions between both the surgeons.Other Information Published in: Surgical Endoscopy
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00464-022-09164-3
Two Years' Experience in Monitoring of a Small Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Station
Creators: name: Chojnacki, J.A.
name: Teneta, J.
name: Wieckowski, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Systems
PV Power Plants

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 4061-4064
description: The paper presents the results of experiments carried out during the two-years exploitation of the gridconnected
photovoltaic power station of the output 2 kWp. The special attention is paid to the analysis of the
measurement data related to the irradiance and the energy production. The cases of falsified measurements and the
ways of their identification are presented. The separate part of the paper describes the operation of the PV station in
winter when the PV modules are shaded partially by snow.
Speed of sound of a spin balanced Fermi gas with s- and d-wave pairings across the BCS-BEC evolution
Creators: name: Koinov, Zlatko
name: Mendoza, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The authors of a recent paper (PRA \textbf{87}, 013613 (2013)) argued that in fermionic systems with d-wave pairing the speed of sound is nonanalytic across the BCS-BEC crossover at the point where the chemical potential vanishes, regardless of the specific details of the interaction potential. On the contrary, the numerical results reported here suggest that the speed of sound across the BCS-BEC evolution of atomic Fermi gases with s- and d-wave pairings in two-dimensional square lattices is a smooth analytic function at the vanishing chemical potential.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Acute intense fatigue does not modify the effect of EVA and TPU custom foot orthoses on running mechanics, running economy and perceived comfort
Creators: name: Van Alsenoy, Ken
name: Ryu, Joong Hyun
name: Girard, Olivier
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medical physiology
Public health

description: We determined whether fatigue modifies the effect of custom foot orthoses manufactured from ethyl-vinyl acetate (EVA) and expanded thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) materials, both compared to standardized footwear (CON), on running mechanics, running economy, and perceived comfort. Eighteen well-trained, males ran on an instrumented treadmill for 6 min at the speed corresponding to their first ventilatory threshold (13.8 ± 1.1 km/h) in three footwear conditions (CON, EVA, and TPU). Immediately after completion of a repeated-sprints exercise (8 × 5 s treadmill sprints, rest = 25 s), these run tests were replicated. Running mechanics, running economy and perceived comfort were determined. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA [condition (CON, EVA, and TPU) × fatigue (fresh and fatigued)] were conducted. Flight time shortened (P = 0.026), peak braking (P = 0.016) and push-off (P = 0.032) forces decreased and vertical stiffness increased (P = 0.014) from before to after the repeated-sprint exercise, independent of footwear condition. There was a global fatigue-induced deterioration in running economy (− 1.6 ± 0.4%; P < 0.001). There was no significant condition × fatigue [except mean loading rate (P = 0.046)] for the large majority of biomechanical, cardio-respiratory [except minute ventilation (P = 0.020) and breathing frequency (P = 0.019)] and perceived comfort variables. Acute intense fatigue does not modify the effect of custom foot orthoses with different resilience characteristics on running mechanics, running economy and perceived comfort.Other Information Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-022-04903-9
Development of Various Crucible Coating Concepts for Crystallization of Multi Crystalline Silicon Ingots
Creators: name: Martin, C.
name: Ndzogha, C.
name: Rancoule, G.
name: Grygowski, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1084-1089
description: Different crucible coating concepts have been investigated to offer the multi-crystalline solar industry a Ready To Use (RTU) solution more reliable and less dependant on the operator skill. A monolayer type ready to use crucible seems to be the more promising solution and has been tested on a laboratory scale. The proposed solution consists in doping the silicon nitride layer with oxygen. Wettability study through sessile drop method demonstrated that oxygen promotes the non-wetting behavior of the coating and greatly improves its mechanical strength .Two solidification experiments (Reference and monolayer coating) have been conducted. The RTU coating layer was proved to better adhere to the crucible wall and a cleaner ingot could very easily be released
from the RTU crucible solution. Higher oxygen level was found in the RTU but still within reasonable industrial limits. The minority carrier lifetime distribution was found very similar to the ref ingot. These encouraging results need to be confirmed on cell results and industrial scale ingots.
Custom foot orthoses improve performance, but do not modify the biomechanical manifestation of fatigue, during repeated treadmill sprints
Creators: name: Girard, Olivier
name: Morin, Jean-Benoit
name: Ryu, Joong Hyun
name: Van Alsenoy, Ken
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medical physiology
Public health

description: Purpose We determined the effect of custom foot orthotics manufactured from ethyl-vinyl acetate (EVA) and expanded thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) materials, both compared to a control condition (CON; shoes only) during repeated sprints on running mechanical alterations. Methods Eighteen males performed eight, 5-s sprints with 25-s recovery on an instrumented sprint treadmill in three footwear conditions (EVA, TPU and CON). Mechanical data consisted of continuous (step-by-step) measurement of running kinetics and kinematics, which were averaged for each sprint for further analysis. Results Distance ran in 5 s decreased from first to last sprint (P < 0.001), yet with higher sprints 1–8 values for both EVA (P = 0.004) and TPU (P = 0.018) versus CON. Regardless of footwear condition, mean horizontal forces, step frequency, vertical and leg stiffness decreased from sprint 1 to sprint 8 (all P < 0.001). Duration of the propulsive phase was globally shorter for both EVA (P = 0.002) and TPU (P = 0.021) versus CON, while braking phase duration was similar (P = 0.919). In the horizontal direction, peak propulsive (P < 0.001), but not braking (P = 0.172), forces also decreased from sprint 1 to sprint 8, independently of conditions. Conclusion Compared to shoe only, wearing EVA or TPU custom foot orthotics improved repeated treadmill sprint ability, yet provided similar fatigue-induced changes in mechanical outcomes.Other Information Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-020-04427-0
A Random Growth Model for Power Grids and Other Spatially Embedded Infrastructure Networks
Creators: name: Schultz, Paul
name: Heitzig, Jobst
name: Kurths, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model to create synthetic networks that may also serve as a narrative of a certain kind of infrastructure network evolution. It consists of an initialization phase with the network extending tree-like for minimum cost and a growth phase with an attachment rule giving a trade-off between cost-optimization and redundancy. Furthermore, we implement the feature of some lines being split during the grid's evolution. We show that the resulting degree distribution has an exponential tail and may show a maximum at degree two, suitable to observations of real-world power grid networks. In particular, the mean degree and the slope of the exponential decay can be controlled in partial independence. To verify to which extent the degree distribution is described by our analytic form, we conduct statistical tests, showing that the hypothesis of an exponential tail is well-accepted for our model data.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
The role of basal ganglia circuit in processing of social information from Communicative roots of complex sociality and cognition: neuropsychological mechanisms underpinning the processing of social information
Creators: name: Roberts, Sam G. B.
name: Dunbar, Robin I. M.
name: Roberts, Anna I.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Primate social bonds are described as being especially complex in their nature, and primates have unusually large brains for their body size compared to mammals. Communication in primates has attracted considerable attention because of the important role it plays in social bonding. It has been proposed that differentiated social relationships are cognitively complex because primates need to continuously update their knowledge about different types of social bonds. Therefore, primates infer whether an opportunity for social interaction is rewarding (valuable to individual goals) based on their knowledge of the social relationships of the interactants. However, exposure to distraction and stress have detrimental effects on the dopaminergic system, suggesting that understanding social relationships as rewarding is affected in these conditions. This paper proposes that complex communication evolved to augment the capacity to form social relationships during stress through flexibly modifying intentionality in communication (audience checking, response waiting and elaboration). Intentional communication may upregulate dopamine dynamics to allow recognition that an interaction is rewarding during stress. By examining these associations between complexity of communication and stress, we provide new insights into the cognitive skills involved in forming social bonds in primates and the evolution of communication systems in both primates and humans.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Cognition, communication and social bonds in primates’.
Formation of quasi-static stop band in a new one-dimensional metamaterial
Creators: name: Ghavanloo, Esmaeal
name: El-Borgi, Sami
name: Fazelzadeh, S. Ahmad
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: The main objective of this paper is to propose a new metamaterial capable of generating a quasi-static stop band from zero frequency. The metamaterial is modeled by a lattice system made of mass-in-mass units. The unit cell of the proposed metamaterial contains a resonator connected to bar-spring mechanism embedded in a host mass and also linked to a fixed substrate. The stop band behavior of the new metamaterial is first investigated on basis of a lumped-parameter infinite lattice model. The equations of motion are derived using the Lagrangian approach, and then Bloch’s theorem is used to derive the dispersion relation. Analytical expressions of the stop band edge frequencies are derived in closed-form. The proposed metamaterial is then studied on a finite lattice model to verify the stop band behavior predicted using the infinite lattice model. A closed-form expression of the transmittance is derived using the matrix method. It is shown that there are two frequency regions in the transmittance spectrum of the finite chain in which the amplitude is considerably attenuated which correspond to the stop bands predicted in the dispersion curve of the infinite chain. Finally, a parametric study is performed to investigate the effects of various design parameters of the proposed metamaterial.Other Information Published in: Archive of Applied Mechanics
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00419-022-02146-w
Preparation of Si-Quantumdots in SiC: Single Layer vs Multi Layer Approach
Creators: name: Künle, M.
name: Hartel, A.
name: Löper, P.
name: Janz, S.
name: Eibl, O.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 191-195
description: In this paper the preparation of Si nanocrystals within a SiC matrix using two different methods, namely a
single layer and a multi layer approach is investigated. For the preparation of the single and multi layers PECVD was used.
Subsequently after deposition a thermal annealing at various temperatures up to 1100°C was performed. The influence of the
thermal annealing on the optical and structural properties of the single and multi layers is analysed in detail. For both layer
systems the crystallization of Si and SiC was observed by GIXRD and diffraction contrast bright field and dark-field TEM
imaging. As a general trend, Si crystallizes at lower temperatures than SiC. When the annealing temperature is raised the Si-
C bond density increases drastically. This is shown by FTIR spectroscopy. The SiC single layer annealed at 1100°C showed
a strong PL signal centred at 1.8 eV. After a remote H passivation process the PL peak is absent.
Geometric Feature-Based Facial Expression Recognition in Image Sequences Using Multi-Class AdaBoost and Support Vector Machines
Creators: name: Ghimire, Deepak
name: Lee, Joonwhoan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4; I.5
subject: 68T01

description: Facial expressions are widely used in the behavioral interpretation of emotions, cognitive science, and social interactions. In this paper, we present a novel method for fully automatic facial expression recognition in facial image sequences. As the facial expression evolves over time facial landmarks are automatically tracked in consecutive video frames, using displacements based on elastic bunch graph matching displacement estimation. Feature vectors from individual landmarks, as well as pairs of landmarks tracking results are extracted, and normalized, with respect to the first frame in the sequence. The prototypical expression sequence for each class of facial expression is formed, by taking the median of the landmark tracking results from the training facial expression sequences. Multi-class AdaBoost with dynamic time warping similarity distance between the feature vector of input facial expression and prototypical facial expression, is used as a weak classifier to select the subset of discriminative feature vectors. Finally, two methods for facial expression recognition are presented, either by using multi-class AdaBoost with dynamic time warping, or by using support vector machine on the boosted feature vectors. The results on the Cohn-Kanade (CK+) facial expression database show a recognition accuracy of 95.17% and 97.35% using multi-class AdaBoost and support vector machines, respectively.
description: 21 pages, Sensors Journal, facial expression recognition
Nonlocal and surface effects on nonlinear vibration response of a graded Timoshenko nanobeam
Creators: name: El-Borgi, S.
name: Rajendran, P.
name: Trabelssi, M.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: The free and forced vibration of a graded geometrically nonlinear Timoshenko nanobeam supported by on a nonlinear foundation is considered in this paper. The main contribution of this study is to propose a new formulation for the dynamic response of this beam by combining nonlocal and surface elasticity in addition to employing the physical neutral axis method which eliminates the quadratic nonlinearity from the equation of motion. Using the principle of virtual work, a fourth-order nonlinear partial differential equation is formulated and Galerkin technique is employed to yield a fourth-order ordinary differential equation with cubic nonlinearity in the temporal domain. The method of multiple scales is employed to obtain the analytical expression of the nonlinear frequency of the beam and its frequency response curve from a primary resonance analysis. To assess the accuracy of this analytical solution, it is compared with a numerical solution obtained using the differential quadrature method. The obtained analytical results are successfully validated for particular cases of the considered problem with results published by other authors. The effects of surface elasticity, nonlocality, the physical neutral axis, the beam aspect ratio, the power-law index and the elastic foundation coefficients on the free and forced vibration response of the graded Timoshenko nanobeam are thoroughly investigated for different types of boundary conditions .Other Information Published in: Archive of Applied Mechanics
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00419-022-02120-6
Progress on Erbium-Doped Fluorozirconate Glasses for Upconversion-Based Solar Cells
Creators: name: Schweizer, S.
name: Ahrens, B.
name: Henke, B.
name: Miclea, P.-T.
name: Johnson, J.A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 229-231
description: Er-doped ZBLAN glasses emit intense upconverted fluorescence in the visible and near infrared spectral
range when illuminated with a 1540 nm laser diode. These emissions can be excited by a 2-photon upconversion
process (near infrared) and a 3-photon upconversion process (visible). For low excitation powers of a few mW the
main upconverted fluorescence can be attributed to the 2-photon upconversion emitting at 980 nm. For increasing excitation
power the contribution of the 2-photon upconversion to the overall emission decreases, while the contribution
of the 3-photon upconversion increases. It was found that the power dependence of the integrated intensity, normalized
to the excitation power, shows a maximum for all samples at different Er-doping levels. This maximum shifts
to smaller excitation power for higher Er-doping levels.
Light Trapping for Solar Cells Using Localised Surface Plasmons in Self-Assembled AG Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Beck, F.J.
name: Mokkapati, S.
name: Polman, A.
name: Catchpole, K.R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 232-235
description: Ag nanoparticle arrays, located on the front or rear surface of a Si solar cell, can provide effective lighttrapping
via the excitation of localised surface plasmons. We identify key parameters in engineering random Ag
nanoparticle arrays for optimum plasmonic light-trapping. We demonstrate that there is an asymmetry in scattering
behaviour between particles located on the front and rear of a Si substrate, which we attribute to differences in the
driving field at the position of the nanoparticles. Applying the design considerations presented, we report a relative
photocurrent increase of 27% over the light trapping spectral region for thin c-Si solar cells incorporating a rearlocated
self-assembled Ag nanoparticle array, constituting the largest reported enhancement due to plasmonic light
trapping for such cells. Inclusion of a detached rear reflector behind these particles increases the photocurrent
enhancement to 33%
Performance Evaluation of Monocrystalline and Amorphous Silicon PV Systems in Taiwan
Creators: name: Yen, K.-L.
name: Tsai, C.-T.
name: Bai, M.-S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Systems
PV Power Plants

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 4065-4069
description: Comparisons of the system performance of mono-Si and a-Si photovoltaic systems installed in Taiwan
(latitude 24.78 oN) are conducted and presented in this paper. The photovoltaic systems are grid-connected and
installed at due south and inclined at 10o. The outputs of these systems are monitored during 2008/01-2009/08 and
their system performance are evaluated. The daily mean yield (DMY) of mono-Si and a-Si systems are 3.23 and 3.59
kWh/day/kWp, respectively, and the system efficiency are 10.63% and 5.57%, respectively. Although the DMY of
the a-Si system is larger than that of the mono-Si system, due to the low conversion efficiency of a-Si cell, the mono-
Si system has a yield density (i.e. yield per unit area) almost double of the a-Si PV system. The performance index RA
reveals that the real maximal power of the a-Si array is larger than its rated power and also certifies that the output of
the a-Si array has less dependence on the module temperatures than the mono-Si array does. In the paper, the
phenomenon that the a-Si modules have suffered a reduction in real maximal power during the monitoring period of
20 months is also found. The results of this paper will help consideration of PV installations.
Anisotropic development of equivalent gypsum crystal faces promoted by chiral organic compounds
Creators: name: Bąbel, Maciej
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 370505
subject: Mineralogy and crystallography
classificationCode: 370509
subject: Sedimentology
classificationCode: 370501
subject: Biomineralisation

description: There are numerous examples of natural gypsum crystals showing unequal sizes of crystallographically equivalent faces which may be well explained by influence of some homochiral organic substances. The Badenian (Middle Miocene) gypsum deposits of the Carpathian Foredeep Basin studied by the author supply a lot of examples of such anisotropic morphology among gypsum crystals. Unusual anisotropic features and asymmetry were recognized in giant gypsum intergrowths (Babel 1990). In the so-called sabre crystals slightly unequal development of the equivalent (-111) and (-1-11) faces is very common. The molecular surface structure of these faces is peculiar because they are almost entirely covered with Ca atoms, being the favourable sites of adsorption. Hence the homochiral compounds could very easily and commonly adsorb on the particular (-111) faces and could modify their growth rate. In places, the equivalent (-120) and (-1-20) faces are also unequally developed exactly as in the crystals grown in experiments with homochiral admixtures. The most interesting sabre crystals, found in several gypsum outcrops in Poland and Ukraine, show the ‘left-side’ (-111) faces and the ‘right-side’ (-1-20) faces extremely enlarged in comparison with their crystallographic equivalents (Fig. 1E). Moreover, these crystals are asymmetrically twisted in one direction as well as additionally split into separate subcrystals. The (010) cleavage planes are abnormally curved in the same direction. The growth sectors of (-111) and (-1-11) faces are honey in colour due to included organie matter. It seems that during the crystal growth some homochiral organie compounds were selectively incorporated into the mentioned growth sectors and were able to distort the crystals towards one side. Distorted gypsum crystals were obtained in experiments with homochiral organic compounds (Cody and Cody 1991).
Growth of 200 Micron Thin EFG Dodecagonal Tubes: Benefit of Numerical Simulation for Process Optimization
Creators: name: Birkmann, B.
name: Günther, S.
name: Mosel, F.
name: Müller, M.
name: Westram, I.
name: Seidl, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1080-1083
description: In this paper, the benefit of numerical simulation for the development of a novel EFG process for growth of thin-walled, dodecagonal tubes with more than 0.5 m in diameter is reviewed. 2D and 3D modeling results of heat flow, temperature distribution, mass transfer, gas and melt flow, and their impact on stress and plastic deformation are presented, as well as examples for experimental validation. This work enabled the start of production with the new generation of EFG furnaces at WACKER SCHOTT Solar.
title: Representation Theory of Finite Groups
Creators: name: Green, Kerie Faye
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: Three different types of group representations have been considered together with their possible applications. These are atom and bond representations which are topologically-relevant representations of the molecular symmetry group, projective representations which, although still composed of sets of unitary matrices, obey a modified group multiplication rule and corepresentations which consist of sets of matrices half of which are unitary and half anti-unitary. Atom and bond representations are defined as reducible representations of a molecular point group which serve to describe the topological structure and composition of a molecule. They are amenable to computer storage and methods are given for resolving these representations into irredu­cible representations which correspond to equivalent sets of atoms or bonds. It is shown how bond representations can be derived from atom representations and a set of tables of both atom and bond representations is included. Appli­cation to additivity formulations of molecular properties is indicated, together with structural details of molecules and the identification of bending, stretching and redundant vibrational modes. All different representation groups of the point groups are established and their character tables presented. These enable the construction of equivalent alternative sets of projective representations as well as to provide an easy route to the determination of double and space group repre­sentations. The construction of the representation group clears up incompatabilities in already published literature on character systems for projective representations and shows that of all different methods available for the construction of these representations this one is most likely to be free from errors. The availability of alternative representation groups allows greater scope for the processes of ascent and descent in symmetry. Correlation tables are provided for the representation groups as well as tables of the symmetrized squares and cubes of projective representations. The set of single and double valued corepresentations for each black and white magnetic group is identified with the vector representation of one or two abstract groups of known structure and character table. This facilitates the construction of the character tables (complete sets of which are presented for the first time) and reveals that in those cases where one abstract group is sufficient a formal character theory for providing symmetrized powers of corepresentations can be established, contrary to recent indications. Two types of cases are found where it is convenient to transform Wigner’s corepresentation matrices and it is shown that normal group theoretical analysis can only be applied to Wigner's first type of corepresentation if his concept of physical equivalence is replaced by a group theoretical concept.