cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ανίχνευση βιολογικών παραγόντων στο μητρικό γάλα γυναικών με ιδιοπαθή φλεγμονώδη νόσο του εντέρου : Συστηματική Ανασκόπηση
Creators: name: Γεωργιάδου, Γλυκερία Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: Νόσος Crohn, ελκώδη κολίτιδα, μητρικό γάλα, ινφλιξιμάμπη, αδαλιμουμάμπη, βεδολιζουμάμπη
Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, breast milk, infliximab, adalimumab, vedolizumab

description: Τα διαθέσιμα δεδομένα που αφορούν το προφίλ ασφαλείας των βιολογικών παραγόντων,infliximab,adalimumab,vedolizumab, στο θηλασμό είναι ελάχιστα και διάσπαρτα. Ο σκοπός της συγκεκριμένης συστηματικής ανασκόπησης ήταν να μελετήσει την ανίχνευση των βιολογικών παραγόντων στο μητρικό γάλα γυναικών με ιδιοπαθή φλεγμονώδη νόσο του εντέρου. Η βιβλιογραφική αναζήτηση περιελάμβανε τις ηλεκτρονικές βάσεις MEDLINE μέσω PubMed, Scopus και Cochrane Library, βάσεις κλινικών δοκιμών και γκρίζα βιβλιογραφία. Τα κριτήρια εισόδου και αποκλεισμού των μελετών αποφασίστηκαν πριν την έναρξη της αναζήτησης. Δέκα μελέτες ικανοποιούσαν τα κριτήρια εισόδου και ένα σύνολο 76 γυναικών μελετήθηκαν όσον αφορά τη συγκέντρωση των infliximab, adalimumab και vedolizumab. Η συγκέντρωση του infliximab μελετήθηκε σε 7, του adalimumab σε 3 και του vedolizumab σε 2 μελέτες. Με εξαίρεση τις 3 από τις 7 μελέτες του infliximab σε όλες τις υπόλοιπες βρέθηκαν ανιχνεύσιμες αλλά ελάχιστες ποσότητες των φαρμάκων. Είναι η πρώτη συστηματική ανασκόπηση που συγκεντρώνει όλα τα δεδομένα για τη συγκέντρωση των 3 αυτών βιολογικών παραγόντων στο μητρικό γάλα. Παράλληλα τονίζεται η ανάγκη περισσότερων μελετών, σωστότερα δομημένων και με μεγαλύτερο χρονικό διάστημα παρακολούθησης των παιδιών
description: Available data about the safety profile of infliximab, adalimumab and vedolizumab during breastfeeding are limited and scarce. Τhe purpose of this systematic review is to study the presence of biologic agents in breast milk of nursing mothers with inflammatory bowel disease. A literature search was made in MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus και Cochrane Library,clinicaltrials.gov and grey literature sources. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were determined before the literature search. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria and 76 women were analyzed concerning the concentration of infliximab, adalimumab and vedolizumab in breast milk. The presence of infliximab was investigated in 7 studies, adalimumab in 3 and vedolizumab in 2. Miniscule but detectable concentrations were found in all of them, except 3 studies about infliximab. This was the first systematic review that gathers all available data about the presence of these 3 biologic agents in breast milk. It also emphasizes the need of more well-structured studies
Exploring Human Factors in Spreadsheet Development
Creators: name: Thorne, Simon
name: Ball, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.4; D.2.5; H.4.1; K.6.4; K.8.1

description: In this paper we consider human factors and their impact on spreadsheet development in strategic decision-making. This paper brings forward research from many disciplines both directly related to spreadsheets and a broader spectrum from psychology to industrial processing. We investigate how human factors affect a simplified development cycle and what the potential consequences are.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Reinforcement Learning For Constraint Satisfaction Game Agents (15-Puzzle, Minesweeper, 2048, and Sudoku)
Creators: name: Mehta, Anav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, reinforcement learning has seen interest because of deep Q-Learning, where the model is a convolutional neural network. Deep Q-Learning has shown promising results in games such as Atari and AlphaGo. Instead of learning the entire Q-table, it learns an estimate of the Q function that determines a state's policy action. We use Q-Learning and deep Q-learning, to learn control policies of four constraint satisfaction games (15-Puzzle, Minesweeper, 2048, and Sudoku). 15-Puzzle is a sliding permutation puzzle and provides a challenge in addressing its large state space. Minesweeper and Sudoku involve partially observable states and guessing. 2048 is also a sliding puzzle but allows for easier state representation (compared to 15-Puzzle) and uses interesting reward shaping to solve the game. These games offer unique insights into the potential and limits of reinforcement learning. The Q agent is trained with no rules of the game, with only the reward corresponding to each state's action. Our unique contribution is in choosing the reward structure, state representation, and formulation of the deep neural network. For low shuffle, 15-Puzzle, achieves a 100% win rate, the medium and high shuffle achieve about 43% and 22% win rates respectively. On a standard 16x16 Minesweeper board, both low and high-density boards achieve close to 45% win rate, whereas medium density boards have a low win rate of 15%. For 2048, the 1024 win rate was achieved with significant ease (100%) with high win rates for 2048, 4096, 8192 and 16384 as 40%, 0.05%, 0.01% and 0.004% , respectively. The easy Sudoku games had a win rate of 7%, while medium and hard games had 2.1% and 1.2% win rates, respectively. This paper explores the environment complexity and behavior of a subset of constraint games using reward structures which can get us closer to understanding how humans learn.
The Minimal Phantom Sector of the Standard Model: Higgs Phenomenology and Dirac Leptogenesis
Creators: name: Cerdeno, D. G.
name: Dedes, A.
name: Underwood, T. E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the minimal, lepton-number conserving, SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1) gauge-singlet, or phantom, extension of the Standard Model. The extension is natural in the sense that all couplings are of O(1) or forbidden due to a phantom sector global U(1)_D symmetry, and basically imitates the standard Majorana see-saw mechanism. Spontaneous breaking of the U(1)_D symmetry triggers consistent electroweak gauge symmetry breaking only if it occurs at a scale compatible with small Dirac neutrino masses and baryogenesis through Dirac leptogenesis. Dirac leptogenesis proceeds through the usual out-of-equilibrium decay scenario, leading to left and right-handed neutrino asymmetries that do not fully equilibrate after they are produced. The model contains two physical Higgs bosons and a massless Goldstone boson. The existence of the Goldstone boson suppresses the Higgs to bb branching ratio and instead the Higgs bosons will mainly decay to invisible Goldstone and/or to visible vector boson pairs. In a representative scenario, we estimate that with 30 fb^-1 integrated luminosity, the LHC could discover this invisibly decaying Higgs, with mass ~120 GeV. At the same time a significantly heavier, partner Higgs boson with mass ~210 GeV could be found through its vector boson decays. Electroweak constraints as well as astrophysical and cosmological implications are analysed and discussed.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures. Corrected typos and added references. To appear in JHEP
Quantum criticality in a generalized Dicke model
Creators: name: Li, Yong
name: Wang, Z. D.
name: Sun, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ a generalized Dicke model to study theoretically the quantum criticality of an extended two-level atomic ensemble interacting with a single-mode quantized light field. Effective Hamiltonians are derived and diagonalized to investigate numerically their eigenfrequencies for different quantum phases in the system. Based on the analysis of the eigenfrequencies, an intriguing quantum-phase transition from a normal phase to a superradiant phase is revealed clearly, which is quite different from that observed with a standard Dicke model.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Η σχέση των κινήτρων για άσκηση με τη συχνότητα άσκησης σε γυναίκες με χρόνιο οσφυϊκό πόνο
Creators: name: Φραντζοπούλου, Αικατερίνη Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: τύποι ρύθμισης της συμπεριφοράς
θεωρία του αυτο-καθορισμού
χρόνιος οσφυϊκός πόνος
behavioural regulations
self-determination theory
chronic low back pain

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης ήταν η διερεύνηση της σχέσης των κινήτρων για άσκηση με τη συχνότητα συμμετοχής σε έντονη, μέτρια και ήπιας έντασης άσκηση σε γυναίκες με χρόνιο οσφυϊκό πόνο. Συγκεκριμένα εξετάστηκε η σχέση μεταξύ των τύπων ρύθμισης της συμπεριφοράς στην άσκηση (εσωτερικά κίνητρα, ενσωματωμένη ρύθμιση, ρύθμιση ταύτισης, ενδοπροβαλλόμενη ρύθμιση, εξωτερική ρύθμιση, απουσία κινήτρων) με την συχνότητα συμμετοχής σε έντονη, μέτρια και ήπιας έντασης άσκηση, με βάση τη θεωρία του αυτό-καθορισμού (self-determination theory). Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 126 γυναίκες με χρόνιο οσφυϊκό πόνο, ηλικίας 18 έως 59 ετών, που ασκούνταν σε προγράμματα αίθουσας ιδιωτικών γυμναστηρίων και προγράμματα άσκησης του δήμου. Οι ασκούμενες συμπλήρωσαν το «Ερωτηματολόγιο Ρύθμισης της Συμπεριφοράς στην Άσκηση-2» (Βehavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 [BREQ-2]: Markland & Tobin, 2004) και το «Ερωτηματολόγιο συχνότητας της συμμετοχής σε άσκηση» του Godin (Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire: Godin & Shephard, 1985). Οι αναλύσεις συσχέτισης έδειξαν στατιστικώς σημαντική θετική συσχέτιση μεταξύ της εβδομαδιαίας συχνότητας έντονης και μέτριας άσκησης με τα αυτό-καθοριζόμενα κίνητρα και αρνητική συσχέτιση με τα μη αυτό-καθοριζόμενα κίνητρα. Δεν υπήρξε συσχέτιση με τη συχνότητα ήπιας άσκησης. Από τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας φάνηκε ότι τα περισσότερο αυτό-καθοριζόμενα κίνητρα για άσκηση αντιστοιχούν σε μεγαλύτερη εβδομαδιαία συχνότητα έντονης και μέτριας αλλά όχι ήπιας άσκησης
description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of exercise behavioural regulations with weekly frequency of strenuous, moderate, and mild exercise in women with chronic low back pain based on self-determination theory. Participants were 126 women with chronic low back pain aged 18 to 59 years who engaged in group exercise programs either in private fitness centers or community exercise programs. The participants completed the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 (Markland & Tobin, 2004) and the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (Godin & Shephard, 1985). Pearson’s correlations revealed statistically significant positive correlations between weekly frequency of strenuous and moderate exercise with self-determined regulations and negative correlations with non-self-determined regulations. No associations emerged between behavioural regulations and mild exercise behavior. The results supported self-determination theory hypotheses that the more self-determined motives correspond to greater weekly frequency of exercise participation. The findings support the tenets of self-determination theory and pose a challenge for gymnast concerning practical applications whose goal is to increase behavioral self-regulation in participants
Simulation of Dual-Mode Scramjet Under Thermally Choked vs. Supersonic Combustion Mode
Creators: name: Butcher, Cameron
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Aerospace engineering
subject: COMSOL
subject: Dual-mode scramjet
subject: hypersonic
subject: propulsion
subject: scramjet
subject: simulation

description: Effects of combustion mode and cavity flame-holder on dual-mode scramjet performance were investigated using a two-dimensional computational framework developed from commercial finite element software. The objectives were to simulate the experimental data from a laboratory model scramjet with mixing enhancement device, provide better understanding of the physical processes, and to analyze the quantitative effects on the potential performance. The isolator flow field was modeled separately to match the experimentally obtained pressure rise during the Mach 2.1 isolator entry condition. The combustor heat release distribution was systematically adjusted to reproduce the wall pressure distributions from the experiments. Case studies were conducted with and without the presence of the wall cavity for scramjet operation under both thermally-choked and supersonic-combustion mode. The combustion mode affected potential tradeoffs between thrust increase and higher thermal protection need. The presence of the cavity dampened the extent of the tradeoffs by reducing the temperature change.
Additional file 1 of Structural racism and COVID-19 response: higher risk of exposure drives disparate COVID-19 deaths among Black and Hispanic/Latinx residents of Illinois, USA
Creators: name: Holden, Tobias M.
name: Simon, Melissa A.
name: Arnold, Damon T.
name: Halloway, Veronica
name: Gerardin, Jaline
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Demographics of COVID-19 cases with vs. without reported race/ethnicity. A) Age distribution. B) Majority race of ZIP code. Figure S2. Sensitivity of Relative Risk of A) COVID-19 Cases and B) COVID-19 Deaths to case race/ethnicity assignment Scenarios were run in which cases with “unknown” ethnicity were: 1) Assumed to be non-Hispanic and assigned to the recorded racial group (solid circle, and identical to Figs. 4B-D and 6B-D), or 2) Assigned to the “unknown” racial group (open square. In most cases, the default assumption of non-Hispanic ethnicity made in main text above results in a lower relative risk of COVID-19 deaths and significantly lower relative risk of COVID-19 cases for Black and Hispanic/Latinx populations, than if cases of unknown ethnicity were excluded. Figure S3. Demographics of Illinois by age and race. A) Age distribution by race/ethnicity. B) Racial/ethnic distribution by age.
Boosting Plastic Packaging Recyclability: Setting the Right Standards
Creators: name: Ferguson, Nicholas
name: Baillargeon, Laure
name: Cottin, Valentin
name: Colard, Vincent
name: Araguzo-River, Henar
name: Aliaga, Cesar
name: Vera-Duran, Maria
name: Wood, Sultan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: standards
standardisation
plastic
packaging
European Standardisation

description: On 27 April 2023, HSbooster.eu project organised a webinar titled "Boosting Plastic Packaging Recyclability: Setting the Right Standards", focusing on the interplay between regulation, standardisation, research, and innovation and how these in unity can boost plastic packaging recyclability in Europe.

The webinar was started by HSbooster.eu Coordinator Nicholas Ferguson, who provided an overview of the project and our role in the European standardisation initiative. Followed by the European Commission and the European Technical Committee for Standardisation of Packaging, which talked about upcoming regulations, standards, and opportunities. The second session was the presentation of the European Horizon Projects, such as CIMPA, MERLIN, and upPE-T, which provided examples of their work with recycling plastic packaging and research and innovation projects and how projects can learn more about how to get engaged via HSbooster.eu. The final session involves panellists discussing the interplay between regulation, standardisation, research, and innovation.

Discover the exciting insights from our webinar by accessing the recording and presentations through this link. Simply click here to gain access and expand your knowledge on the topic. Don't miss out on this valuable resource!
Quantum thermodynamic Carnot and Otto-like cycles for a two-level system
Creators: name: Beretta, Gian Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the thermodynamic equilibrium properties of a two-level system with variable energy-level gap $Δ$, and a careful distinction between the Gibbs relation $dE = T dS + (E/Δ) dΔ$ and the energy balance equation $dE = δQ^\leftarrow - δW^\to$, we infer some important aspects of the second law of thermodynamics and, contrary to a recent suggestion based on the analysis of an Otto-like thermodynamic cycle between two values of $Δ$ of a spin-1/2 system, we show that a quantum thermodynamic Carnot cycle, with the celebrated optimal efficiency $1 - (T_{low}/T_{high})$, is possible in principle with no need of an infinite number of infinitesimal processes, provided we cycle smoothly over at least three (in general four) values of $Δ$, and we change $Δ$ not only along the isoentropics, but also along the isotherms, e.g., by use of the recently suggested maser-laser tandem technique. We derive general bounds to the net-work to high-temperature-heat ratio for a Carnot cycle and for the 'inscribed' Otto-like cycle, and represent these cycles on useful thermodynamic diagrams.
description: RevTex4, 4 pages, 1 figure
Interaction of massive black hole binaries with their stellar environment: I. Ejection of hypervelocity stars
Creators: name: Sesana, A.
name: Haardt, F.
name: Madau, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use full three-body scattering experiments to study the ejection of hypervelocity stars (HVSs) by massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) at the center of galaxies. Ambient stars drawn from a Maxwellian distribution unbound to the binary are expelled by the gravitational slingshot. Accurate measurements of thermally averaged hardening, mass ejection, and eccentricity growth rates (H, J, and K) for MBHBs in a fixed stellar background are obtained by numerical orbit integration from initial conditions determined by Monte Carlo techniques. Three-body interactions create a subpopulation of HVSs on nearly radial, corotating orbits, with a spatial distribution that is initially highly flattened in the inspiral plane of the MBHB, but becomes more isotropic with decreasing binary separation. The degree of anisotropy is smaller for unequal mass binaries and larger for stars with higher kick velocities. Eccentric MBHBs produce a more prominent tail of high-velocity stars and break planar symmetry, ejecting HVSs along a broad jet perpendicular to the semimajor axis. The jet two-sidedness decreases with increasing binary mass ratio, while the jet opening-angle increases with decreasing kick velocity and orbital separation. The detection of a numerous population of HVSs in the halo of the Milky Way by the next generation of large astrometric surveys like GAIA may provide a unique signature of the history, nature, and environment of the MBH at the Galactic center.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures, major revision. version accepted for publication in ApJ
The possiblity of detection of Ultracool Dwarfs with the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey
Creators: name: Deacon, N. R.
name: Hambly, N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present predictions for the numbers of ultra--cool dwarfs in the Galactic disk population that could be detected by the WFCAM/UKIDSS Large Area Survey and Ultra Deep Survey. Simulated samples of objects are created with masses and ages drawn from different mass functions and birthrates. Each object is then given absolute magnitudes in different passbands based on empirically derived bolometric correction vs. effective temperature relationships (or model predictions for Y dwarfs). These are then combined with simulated space positions, velocities and photometric errors to yield observables such as apparent magnitudes and proper motions. Such observables are then passed through the survey selection mechanism to yield histograms in colour. This technique also produces predictions for the proper motion histograms for ultra--cool dwarfs and estimated numbers for the as yet undetected Y dwarfs. Finally it is shown that these techniques could be used to constrain the ultra low--mass mass function and birthrate of the Galactic disk population
description: 9 pages 10 figures, accept for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Demonstrating a systems approach for integrating disparate data streams to inform decisions on children’s environmental health
Creators: name: Hubal, Elaine A Cohen
name: DeLuca, Nicole M
name: Mullikin, Ashley
name: Slover, Rachel
name: Little, John C
name: Reif, David M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
O ρόλος και τα εργαλεία της ηγεσίας και του μάρκετινγκ για πετυχημένες πωλήσεις
Creators: name: Μήνου, Στυλιανή Αντωνίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Μάρκετινγκ
subject: Ηγεσία
subject: Καταναλωτές
subject: Αγορά
subject: Επιχείρηση
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Leadership
subject: Consumers
subject: Market
subject: Business

description: Ο ρόλος που έχει η ηγεσία στις σύγχρονες επιχειρήσεις είναι πολύ σημαντικός διότι χάρη στην κατάλληλη καθοδήγηση των εργαζομένων επιτυγχάνονται οι στόχοι της επιχείρησης που τελικά θα κρίνουν την μελλοντική της πορεία. Ωστόσο, μια επιχείρηση για να πετύχει θα πρέπει να κατανοεί την συμπεριφορά των καταναλωτών και τον τρόπο με τον οποίο λαμβάνουν αποφάσεις σχετικά με την αγορά προϊόντων και υπηρεσιών. Με αυτό τον τρόπο γίνονται φανεροί οι λόγοι και οι ενέργειες των καταναλωτών στην αγορά και οι προμηθευτές παίρνουν τις πληροφορίες που θα τους επιτρέψουν να κατανοήσουν περαιτέρω τον τρόπο επηρεασμού των καταναλωτών σε διάφορα στάδια της διαδικασίας αγοράς ή κατανάλωσης, επιτυγχάνοντας έτσι αποτελεσματική και αποδοτική χρήση των πόρων μάρκετινγκ. Για τους μελετητές, η συμπεριφορά των καταναλωτών είναι ένα ακαδημαϊκό πεδίο έρευνας, ένας τομέας του μάρκετινγκ, που δημιουργεί επιστημονικές γνώσεις σχετικά με μια σύνθετη μορφή ανθρώπινης συμπεριφοράς. Η κατανόηση της συμπεριφοράς των καταναλωτών δίνει τη δυνατότητα στους πωλητές να σχεδιάσουν τις κατάλληλες στρατηγικές και να επιλέξουν τις σωστές τεχνικές ώστε να επιτύχουν τους στόχους που έχουν θέσει και αφορούν τις κινήσεις που θα οδηγήσουν στις σωστές διαπραγματεύσεις, τη σωστή παρουσίαση και τέλος την πώληση των προϊόντων που αποτελεί και την επίτευξη των στόχων που έχουν τεθεί (Πινακουλάκης Νικόλαος, 2018)
description: The role of leadership in modern enterprises is very important because, thanks to the proper guidance of employees, the goals of the enterprise are achieved, which will eventually judge its future course. However, a business to succeed should understand the consumer behavior and the way they make decisions about purchasing products and services. In this way consumers' reasons and actions become apparent and suppliers receive information will allow them to further understand how consumers can be influenced at different stages of the purchasing or consumption process, thus achieving efficient and effective use of marketing resources. For scholars, consumer behavior is an academic field of research, a field of marketing that generates scientific knowledge about a complex form of human behavior. Understanding consumer behavior enables vendors to work on the appropriate strategies and choose the right techniques to achieve the goals they have set and lead the enterprise to the right negotiations, the right presentation and finally the sale of the products which is also the achievement of the goals which have been set (Πινακουλάκης Νικόλαος, 2018)
Recos : a request-commitment support model
Creators: name: Lu, Feng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Organizational work often requires cooperation among workers to achieve task completion. One type of cooperation can be described by the pair , where a “commitment” is defined as an agreement with the requester to carry out the requested action. When a worker receives a request, he must decide what to do with it. In general, many requests demand the responder’s future action, and require substantial resources to complete. For these types of requests, the worker goes through a reasoning process to decide whether he should commit to doing the requested work. The research question of this thesis is: can we build a computerized system to support an individual’s reasoning process in establishing a commitment? In this thesis, a computer-based Request-Commitment Support (RECOS) model is presented in attempting to answer this question. The RECOS model is primarily based on the commitment theory in sociology, the social rule system theory, the contract theory, and artificial intelligence techniques. It proposes that the most relevant factors determining an agent’s commitment are: 1) resource gains/losses, 2) the agent’s competence for fulfilling the requested action, 3) requester, the relationship between the requester and responder, and the related others’ expectations of the agent’s decision about the request, 4) organizational regulations, and 5) the agent’s previous commitments. A computer-based system built on RECOS would assist a user to select the relevant factors and to evaluate these factors, as well as to integrate the evaluation results, in order to make a better justified and consistent commitment. Specifically, it would be able to provide a user with the following support which, we believe, is not typical of traditional decision support systems: • Alerting the user when he makes a commitment that conflicts with prior commitments • Suggesting those individuals that the user can ask to work jointly on the request • Considering sentimental attributes • Conducting simple, single-issue negotiation with the requester or other collaborators • Automatically processing standard requests • Providing limited learning capability (i.e., through case base) in handling non-standard requests A user evaluation of the model has been conducted and the feedback appears promising. A prototype based on the model has been developed using Turbo-Prolog to demonstrate how a system built on the model operates.
Stability of Biaxial Nematic Phase for Systems with Variable Molecular Shape Anisotropy
Creators: name: Longa, Lech
name: Pająk, Grzegorz
name: Wydro, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of fluctuations in molecular shape on the stability of the biaxial nematic phase by generalizing the mean field model of Mulder and Ruijgrok [Physica A {\bf 113}, 145 (1982)]. We limit ourselves to the case when the molecular shape anisotropy, represented by the alignment tensor, is a random variable of an annealed type. A prototype of such behavior can be found in lyotropic systems - a mixture of potassium laurate, 1-decanol, and $D_2O$, where distribution of the micellar shape adjusts to actual equilibrium conditions. Further examples of materials with the biaxial nematic phase, where molecular shape is subject to fluctuations, are thermotropic materials composed of flexible trimeric- or tetrapod-like molecular units. Our calculations show that the Gaussian equilibrium distribution of the variables describing molecular shape (dispersion force) anisotropy gives rise to new classes of the phase diagrams, absent in the original model. Depending on properties of the shape fluctuations, the stability of the biaxial nematic phase can be either enhanced or depressed, relative to the uniaxial nematic phases. In the former case the splitting of the Landau point into two triple points with a direct phase transition line from isotropic to biaxial phase is observed.
description: 18 pages containing 6 figures
Measurement of the Spin of the Xi(1530) Resonance
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the Xi(1530) resonance are investigated in the Lambdac+ --> Xi- pi+ K+ decay process. The data sample was collected with the BaBar detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy e+ e- collider operating at center of mass energies 10.58 and 10.54 GeV. The corresponding integrated luminosity is approximately 230 inverse fb. The spin of the Xi(1530) is established to be 3/2. The existence of an S-wave amplitude in the Xi- pi+ system is inferred, and its interference with the Xi(1530)0 amplitude provides the first clear demonstration of the Breit-Wigner phase motion expected for the Xi(1530). The P_1(cos[theta(Xi-)]) Legendre polynomial moment indicates the presence of a significant S-wave amplitude for Xi- pi+ mass values above 1.6 GeV/c^2, and a dip in the mass distribution at approximately 1.7 GeV/c^2 is interpreted as due to coherent addition of a Xi(1690)0 contribution to this amplitude. This would imply J^P=1/2^- for the Xi(1690). Attempts at fitting the Xi(1530)0 lineshape yield unsatisfactory results, and this failure is attributed to interference effects associated with the amplitudes describing the K+ pi+ and/or Xi- K+ systems.
description: 13 pages, 16 postscript figures
The Effect of a 10 day Cessation of Training in Older Endurance Athletes on Pathological Production of Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species Levels in Circulating Angiogenic Cells
Creators: name: Corrigan, Kelsey J.
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Kinesiology
subject: aging
subject: circulating angiogenic cell
subject: enos coupling
subject: exercise
subject: nitric oxide
subject: reactive oxygen species

description: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a serious disease, and is the leading cause of death in the United States.  Aging and physical inactivity are two well-established risk factors for CVD. Previous research has identified circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) as a novel risk factor for CVD. CAC number and function are affected by aging and exercise. Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are intracellular compounds which can affect the health of the vasculature and are also affected by exercise. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is responsible for NO production within the endothelium, and eNOS  "coupling" is a phenomenon that plays a role in the balance between production of ROS and NO. The literature also indicates that NO can be produced in either a pathological or physiological capacity depending on which isoform of NOS produces it. NO and ROS have been previously measured in CACs and have been shown to affect in vivo and in vitro outcomes related to vascular function. Although NO, ROS, and CACs have all been studied in relation to exercise, no previous studies have examined how the cessation of training in older endurance-trained athletes affects these intra-cellular compounds through the eNOS-coupling pathway. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 10-day cessation of exercise training in older endurance-trained athletes on ROS, NO and the eNOS-coupling pathway in CD34+ cells. NO and ROS were measured in isolated fresh CD34+ cells using fluorescent dye assays. The mRNA expression of genes involved in the eNOS-coupling pathway (endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1 (GTPCH1)) were measured using semi-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (Semi-qt PCR). Flow mediated dilation was measured to gain information about endothelial function. No significant differences were detected after the cessation of training in CD34+ intracellular NO or ROS levels. Flow mediated dilation (FMD) also did not change significantly following cessation of training. eNOS mRNA expression was significantly lower following cessation of training but iNOS, DHFR, and GTPCH1 did not change. Taking into consideration the current literature, we expected to see changes in all of the above variables with the cessation of exercise training. There were several limitations present in our study, which could have affected our outcomes. Research in this area, specifically the eNOS coupling pathway, is still very new and this study shows that additional research is still needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms in CACs.
Classical running and symmetry breaking in models with two extra dimensions
Creators: name: Papineau, Chloe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a codimension two scalar theory with brane-localised Higgs type potential. The six-dimensional field has Dirichlet boundary condition on the bounds of the transverse compact space. The regularisation of the brane singularity yields renormalisation group evolution for the localised couplings at the classical level. In particular, a tachyonic mass term grows at large distances and hits a Landau pole. We exhibit a peculiar value of the bare coupling such that the running mass parameter becomes large precisely at the compactification scale, and the effective four-dimensional zero mode is massless. Above the critical coupling, spontaneous symmetry breaking occurs and there is a very light state.
description: 4 pages. To appear in the proceedings of the XLIst Rencontres de Moriond "Contents and Structures of the Universe" (La Thuile, Italy, 18-25 March 2006) and of SUSY'06 (Irvine, California, USA, 12-17 June 2006)
Coherent Hopping Transport and Giant Negative Magnetoresistance in Epitaxial CsSnBr$_{3}$
Creators: name: Zhang, Liangji
name: King, Isaac
name: Nasyedkin, Kostyantyn
name: Chen, Pei
name: Skinner, Brian
name: Lunt, Richard R.
name: Pollanen, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-crystal inorganic halide perovskites are attracting interest for quantum device applications. Here we present low-temperature quantum magnetotransport measurements on thin film devices of epitaxial single-crystal CsSnBr$_{3}$, which exhibit two-dimensional Mott variable range hopping (VRH) and giant negative magnetoresistance. These findings are described by a model for quantum interference between different directed hopping paths and we extract the temperature-dependent hopping length of charge carriers, their localization length, and a lower bound for their phase coherence length of ~100 nm at low temperatures. These observations demonstrate that epitaxial halide perovskite devices are emerging as a material class for low-dimensional quantum coherent transport devices.
description: 11 pages (main manuscript + SI), 12 figures (5 in manuscript, 7 in SI)
On Attractor Mechanism and Entropy Function for Non-extremal Black Holes/Branes
Creators: name: Garousi, Mohammad R.
name: Ghodsi, Ahmad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine in details the entropy function formalism for non-extremal D3, M2, and M5-branes that their throat approximation is given by Schwarzschild black hole in AdS_{p+2} \times S^{D-(p+2)}. We show that even though there is no attractor mechanism in the non-extremal black holes/branes, the entropy function formalism does work and the entropy is given by the entropy function at its saddle point.
description: 15 pages, Latex file, published in JHEP
Effect of fibre arrangements on tensile properties of 3D printed continuous fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composites
Creators: name: Chen, Wei
name: Zhang, Qiuju
name: Cao, Han
name: Yuan, Ye
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology

description: Continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTPCs) with advantages of great mechanical properties and green recyclability, have been widely used in aerospace, transportation, sports and leisure products, etc. This study applied the 3D printing process for the integrated rapid manufacturing of CFRTPCs. The volume fraction and distribution arrangement of fiber reinforcement were designed to evaluate the effect of fiber arrangements on tensile properties of the printed composites. The experimental results proved that some outer and inner defects reduced the surface smoothness and tensile properties based on the analysis of macro and micro morphology. The fiber distributed evenly contributed to the dimensional precision and stability, as well as tensile properties. With the increasing fiber volume, the elastic modulus and ultimate tensile strength both approximately increased while the strain at break decreased. This work promises a significant contribution to the abilities of designing fiber arrangements to control tensile properties of 3D printed CFRTPCs.
Statistical analysis with the state space model
Creators: name: Chu-Chun-Lin, Singfat
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: The State Space Model (SSM) encompasses the class of multivariate linear models, in particular, regression models with fixed, time-varying and random parameters, time series models, unobserved components models and combinations thereof. The well-known Kalman Filter (KF) provides a unifying tool for conducting statistical inferences with the SSM. A major practical problem with the KF concerns its initialization when either the initial state or the regression parameter (or both) in the SSM are diffuse. In these situations, it is common practice to either apply the KF to a transformation of the data which is functionally independent of the diffuse parameters or else initialize the KF with an arbitrarily large error covariance matrix. However neither approach is entirely satisfactory. The data transformation required in the first approach can be computationally tedious and furthermore it may not preserve the state space structure. The second approach is theoretically and numerically unsound. Recently however, De Jong (1991) has developed an extension of the KF, called the Diffuse Kalman Filter (DKF) to handle these diffuse situations. The DKF does not require any data transformation. The thesis contributes further to the theoretical and computational aspects of con ducting statistical inferences using the DKF. First, we demonstrate the appropriate initialization of the DKF for the important class of time-invariant SSM’s. This result is useful for maximum likelihood statistical inference with the SSM. Second, we derive and compare alternative pseudo-likelihoods for the diffuse SSM. We uncover some interesting characteristics of the DKF and the diffuse likelihood with the class of ARMA models. Third, we propose an efficient implementation of the DKF, labelled the collapsed DKF (CDKF). The latter is derived upon sweeping out some columns of the pertinent matrices in the DKF after an initial number of iterations. The CDKF coincides with the KF in the absence of regression effects in the SSM. We demonstrate that in general the CDKF is superior in practicality and performance to alternative algorithms proposed in the literature. Fourth, we consider maximum likelihood estimation in the SSM using an EM (Expectation-Maximization) approach. Through a judicious choice of the complete data, we develop an CDKF-EM algorithm which does not require the evaluation of lag one state error covariance matrices for the most common estimation exercise required for the SSM, namely the estimation of the covariance matrices of the disturbances in the SSM. Last we explore the topic of diagnostic testing in the SSM. We discuss and illustrate the recursive generation of residuals and the usefulness of the latters in pinpointing likely outliers and points of structural change.
New observations of the halo radial temperature structure in NGC7662
Creators: name: Sandin, C.
name: Schoenberner, D.
name: Roth, M. M.
name: Steffen, M.
name: Monreal-Ibero, A.
name: Boehm, P.
name: Tripphahn, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on our studies of the physical structure of the planetary nebula (PN) NGC7662. Using (3D) Integral Field Spectroscopy we have been able to measure the electron temperature more accurately and at a larger number of radial locations than before. Here we briefly present our method by which we find a strong positive temperature gradient with increasing radius. According to hydrodynamic models a hot halo, when compared to the central star, can be the product of the passage of an ionization front (e.g. Marten 1993). Such a gradient is not found in equilibrium models, and this finding - when confirmed for other objects - strongly advocates the use of hydrodynamic models when modeling PN halos.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures, conference
Fully automated spectroscopic ellipsometry analyses: Application to MoOx thin films
Creators: name: Oiwake, Kohei
name: Nishigaki, Yukinori
name: Fujimoto, Shohei
name: Maeda, Sara
name: Fujiwara, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In spectroscopic ellipsometry, the optical properties of materials are obtained indirectly by generally assuming dielectric function and optical models. This ellipsometry analysis, which typically requires numerous model parameters, has essentially been performed by a try-and-error approach, making this method as a rather time-consuming characterization technique. Here, we propose a fully automated spectroscopic ellipsometry analysis method, which can be applied to obtain dielectric functions of light absorbing materials in a full measured energy range without any prior knowledge of model parameters. The developed method consists of a multiple-step grid search and the following non-linear regression analysis. Specifically, in our approach, the analyzed spectral region is gradually expanded toward higher energy while incorporating an additional optical transition peak whenever the root-mean-square error of the fitting analysis exceeds a critical value. In particular, we have established a unique algorithm that could be employed for the ellipsometry analyses of different types of optical materials. The proposed scheme has been applied successfully for the analyses of MoOx transparent oxides and the complex dielectric function of a MoOx layer that exhibits dual optical transitions due to band-edge and deep-level absorptions has been determined. The developed method can drastically reduce a time necessary for an ellipsometry analysis, eliminating a serious drawback of a traditional spectroscopic ellipsometry analysis method.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures
Transmission through a biased graphene bilayer barrier
Creators: name: Nilsson, Johan
name: Neto, A. H. Castro
name: Guinea, F.
name: Peres, N. M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electronic transmission through a graphene bilayer in the presence of an applied bias between layers. We consider different geometries involving interfaces between both a monolayer and a bilayer and between two bilayers. The applied bias opens a sizable gap in the spectrum inside the bilayer barrier region, thus leading to large changes in the transmission probability and electronic conductance that are controlled by the applied bias.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, extended version
Οι Εκκλησίες της Ευρώπης και η στάση τους απέναντι στο μεταναστευτικό και προσφυγικό ζήτημα. Μια ορθόδοξη προσέγγιση
Creators: name: Ανδριοπούλου, Μαρίνα Αθανασίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: Μετανάστευση
Ευρώπη
Ορθόδοξη Εκκλησία
Immigration
Europe
Orthodox Church

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη του φαινομένου της μετανάστευσης και της προσφυγιάς στην Ευρώπη υπό το πρίσμα του Συμβουλίου Ευρωπαϊκών Εκκλησιών (CEC), με ορθόδοξη προσέγγιση. Ένα παρακλάδι του CEC είναι το CCME, Επιτροπή των Εκκλησιών για την Μετανάστευση στην Ευρώπη, του οποίου αναλύονται βασικά κείμενα. Σκιαγραφούνται βασικές Συνθήκες της Ε.Ε. για την μετανάστευση και γίνεται ένας διαχωρισμός ανάμεσα στον πρόσφυγα και τον μετανάστη. Απαριθμούνται τα αίτια που ώθησαν τους μετανάστες να φύγουν από την χώρα προέλευσης τους και ο λόγος που επιλέγουν ως προορισμό τους την Ευρώπη και ειδικά την Ελλάδα. Αναλύεται η έννοια του ξένου στην ορθόδοξη παράδοση και η ευθύνη της Εκκλησίας για την ειρηνική συνύπαρξη με τον ξένο και την κοινωνική του ενσωμάτωση. Δίνεται ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στην βοήθεια που έχει προσφέρει η Ορθόδοξη Εκκλησία στους μετανάστες και τους πρόσφυγες, καθώς και στους συνεχόμενους διαλόγους με το Ισλάμ και τον Ιουδαϊσμό (κύρια κύματα μετανάστευσης) για συνεργασία και αλληλεγγύη
description: The aim of this thesis was the study of the phenomenon of migration and immigration in Europe in the light of Conference of European Churches (CEC) with orthodox approach. A branch of the CEC is Churches Commission of Migrants in Europe (CCME), of which basic manuscripts are analyzed. Basic Treaties of E.U. about immigration are reported and a separation is made between migrant and refugee. The causes that prompted immigrants to leave their country of origin and the reason they choose Europe, and especially Greece, are listed. The meaning of foreign is analyzed based on orthodox tradition, such as the responsibility of the Church for peaceful co-existence with foreigners and their social integration. A great emphasis is given to the help that Orthodox Church has offered to the migrants and refugees, as well as to the constant dialogues with Islam and Judaism (main waves of immigration) for cooperation and solidarity
Optimization of periodic input waveforms for global entrainment of weakly forced limit-cycle oscillators
Creators: name: Kato, Yuzuru
name: Zlotnik, Anatoly
name: Li, Jr-Shin
name: Nakao, Hiroya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a general method for optimizing periodic input waveforms for global entrainment of weakly forced limit-cycle oscillators based on phase reduction and nonlinear programming. We derive averaged phase dynamics from the mathematical model of a limit-cycle oscillator driven by a weak periodic input and optimize the Fourier coefficients of the input waveform to maximize prescribed objective functions. In contrast to the optimization methods that rely on the calculus of variations, the proposed method can be applied to a wider class of optimization problems including global entrainment objectives. As an illustration, we consider two optimization problems, one for achieving fast global convergence of the oscillator to the entrained state and the other for realizing prescribed global phase distributions in a population of identical uncoupled noisy oscillators. We show that the proposed method can successfully yield optimal input waveforms to realize the desired states in both cases.
description: 17pages, 8 figures