cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Boosting EfficientNets Ensemble Performance via Pseudo-Labels and Synthetic Images by pix2pixHD for Infection and Ischaemia Classification in Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Creators: name: Bloch, Louise
name: Brüngel, Raphael
name: Friedrich, Christoph M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diabetic foot ulcers are a common manifestation of lesions on the diabetic foot, a syndrome acquired as a long-term complication of diabetes mellitus. Accompanying neuropathy and vascular damage promote acquisition of pressure injuries and tissue death due to ischaemia. Affected areas are prone to infections, hindering the healing progress. The research at hand investigates an approach on classification of infection and ischaemia, conducted as part of the Diabetic Foot Ulcer Challenge (DFUC) 2021. Different models of the EfficientNet family are utilized in ensembles. An extension strategy for the training data is applied, involving pseudo-labeling for unlabeled images, and extensive generation of synthetic images via pix2pixHD to cope with severe class imbalances. The resulting extended training dataset features $8.68$ times the size of the baseline and shows a real to synthetic image ratio of $1:3$. Performances of models and ensembles trained on the baseline and extended training dataset are compared. Synthetic images featured a broad qualitative variety. Results show that models trained on the extended training dataset as well as their ensemble benefit from the large extension. F1-Scores for rare classes receive outstanding boosts, while those for common classes are either not harmed or boosted moderately. A critical discussion concretizes benefits and identifies limitations, suggesting improvements. The work concludes that classification performance of individual models as well as that of ensembles can be boosted utilizing synthetic images. Especially performance for rare classes benefits notably.
description: Accepted for Workshop Proceedings of the Diabetic Foot Ulcers Challenge (DFUC) as part of the 2021 24th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI)
Upper Limits on the Peccei-Quinn Scale and on the Reheating Temperature in Axino Dark Matter Scenarios
Creators: name: Freitas, Ayres
name: Steffen, Frank Daniel
name: Tajuddin, Nurhana
name: Wyler, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering axino cold dark matter scenarios with a long-lived charged slepton, we study constraints on the Peccei-Quinn scale f_a and on the reheating temperature T_R imposed by the dark matter density and by big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). For an axino mass compatible with large-scale structure, m_axino \gtrsim 100 keV, temperatures above 10^9 GeV become viable for f_a > 3x10^12 GeV. We calculate the slepton lifetime in hadronic axion models. With the dominant decay mode being two-loop suppressed, this lifetime can be sufficiently large to allow for primordial bound states leading to catalyzed BBN of Lithium-6 and Beryllium-9. This implies new upper limits on f_a and on T_R that depend on quantities which will be probed at the Large Hadron Collider.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures; small additions and minor changes, matches published version
Spinoza and human freedom
Creators: name: Lindley, Richard Charles
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis provides a critical account of Spinoza's philosophy of human freedom as presented in his ETHICS. Rather than being a scholarly work on Spinoza, this essay uses Spinoza as a vehicle for shedding light on problems regarding the nature of human freedom, and its attainability and desirability. After the introduction, the thesis begins with an introductory sketch of Spinoza's metaphysics. This sketch is designed to acquaint the reader with Spinoza's terminology, and to lay out the framework into which his philosophy of freedom was squeezed. Chapter Two and Three present Spinoza's theories of human bondage and human freedom, which, it is maintained, are in many respects, just one theory. These chapters take the form, almost of a commentary on Parts Four and Five of ETHICS. The criticisms of Spinoza which are introduced here are, on the whole, specific criticisms of arguments used by him, rather than broad criticisms of his whole enterprise. The last chapter discusses a recent attack on the desirability and rationality of pursuing a Spinozist path to freedom. The attack is a general attack on Spinozism about freedom as such. It is argued that the attack does contain valid criticisms of Spinozism as expounded by Spinoza in ETHICS. However, a truncated form of Spinoza's prescription for freedom is defended, albeit rather tentatively, from this attack.
Additional file 4 of Understanding the groups of care transition strategies used by U.S. hospitals: an application of factor analytic and latent class methods
Creators: name: Mays, Glen
name: Li, Jing
name: Clouser, Jessica Miller
name: Du, Gaixin
name: Stromberg, Arnold
name: Jack, Brian
name: Nguyen, Huong Q.
name: Williams, Mark V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Horn’s Parallel Analysis Results.
Discrete coherent and squeezed states of many-qudit systems
Creators: name: Klimov, A. B.
name: Munoz, C.
name: Sanchez-Soto, L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the phase space for a system of $n$ identical qudits (each one of dimension $d$, with $d$ a primer number) as a grid of $d^{n} \times d^{n}$ points and use the finite field $GF(d^{n})$ to label the corresponding axes. The associated displacement operators permit to define $s$-parametrized quasidistribution functions in this grid, with properties analogous to their continuous counterparts. These displacements allow also for the construction of finite coherent states, once a fiducial state is fixed. We take this reference as one eigenstate of the discrete Fourier transform and study the factorization properties of the resulting coherent states. We extend these ideas to include discrete squeezed states, and show their intriguing relation with entangled states between different qudits.
description: 11 pages, 3 eps figures. Submitted for publication
Self-organization without conservation: Are neuronal avalanches generically critical?
Creators: name: Bonachela, Juan A.
name: de Franciscis, Sebastiano
name: Torres, Joaquin J.
name: Munoz, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Recent experiments on cortical neural networks have revealed the existence of well-defined avalanches of electrical activity. Such avalanches have been claimed to be generically scale-invariant -- i.e. power-law distributed -- with many exciting implications in Neuroscience. Recently, a self-organized model has been proposed by Levina, Herrmann and Geisel to justify such an empirical finding. Given that (i) neural dynamics is dissipative and (ii) there is a loading mechanism "charging" progressively the background synaptic strength, this model/dynamics is very similar in spirit to forest-fire and earthquake models, archetypical examples of non-conserving self-organization, which have been recently shown to lack true criticality. Here we show that cortical neural networks obeying (i) and (ii) are not generically critical; unless parameters are fine tuned, their dynamics is either sub- or super-critical, even if the pseudo-critical region is relatively broad. This conclusion seems to be in agreement with the most recent experimental observations. The main implication of our work is that, if future experimental research on cortical networks were to support that truly critical avalanches are the norm and not the exception, then one should look for more elaborate (adaptive/evolutionary) explanations, beyond simple self-organization, to account for this.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures, regular paper
Non-relativistic Branes
Creators: name: Mazzucato, Luca
name: Oz, Yaron
name: Theisen, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct gravitational non-relativistic brane solutions of type IIA/IIB string theories and M-theory and their near-horizon geometries. The non-relativistic M2 and M5-brane metrics have Schroedinger symmetries with dynamical exponent z=3/2 and z=3, respectively, whereas the known D3-brane solution has z=2. The non-relativistic D-brane, NS5-brane, F-string and KK monopole metrics have asymptotically space and time translations, space rotations, Galilean symmetries and a particle number symmetry. We construct two different gravitational backgrounds of a non-relativistic D1-D5 system, both having asymptotically Schroedinger symmetry with exponent z=2. We study the properties of the solutions and their phase diagram.
description: 24 pages, harvmac; minor corrections, references added
Da interação à colaboração em comunidades e fóruns de discussão
Creators: name: Guimarães, Isabel Cristina
name: Cação, Olga
name: Coutinho, Vânia
Publisher: name: Internet Latent Corpus Journal
Year: 2013

description: O presente artigo apresenta o estudo do processo de reconhecimento de colaboração num fórum de discussão online pertencente ao grupo Dozen Shawls in 20dozen, que integra a comunidade online Ravelry dedicada a técnicas artesanais ligadas à lã. Recorrendo ao modelo sugerido por Murphy (2004) procura-se compreender o nível de colaboração atingido neste grupo, que não possui objetivos de dinâmica formal. A técnica de desenvolvimento do estudo, através deste modelo, passa pela análise de conteúdo, posicionando-se no quadro do paradigma interpretativo e apresentando-se de natureza qualitativa, segundo a metodologia de estudo de caso. A análise dos resultados mostra o nível de colaboração atingido pelo grupo e torna evidente a necessidade de realização de outros estudos, com cruzamento de dimensões de influência complementares.
description: Internet Latent Corpus Journal, vol. 3 n.º 1 (2013)
Narrow depression in the density of states at the Dirac point in disordered graphene
Creators: name: Schweitzer, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic properties of non-interacting particles moving on a two-dimensional bricklayer lattice are investigated numerically. In particular, the influence of disorder in form of a spatially varying random magnetic flux is studied. In addition, a strong perpendicular constant magnetic field $B$ is considered. The density of states $ρ(E)$ goes to zero for $E\to 0$ as in the ordered system, but with a much steeper slope. This happens for both cases: at the Dirac point for B=0 and at the center of the central Landau band for finite $B$. Close to the Dirac point, the dependence of $ρ(E)$ on the system size, on the disorder strength, and on the constant magnetic flux density is analyzed and fitted to an analytical expression proposed previously in connection with the thermal quantum Hall effect. Additional short-range on-site disorder completely replenishes the indentation in the density of states at the Dirac point.
description: revised version, 7 pages, 10 figures
Potencialidades educativas do Facebook™ na aprendizagem não-formal da língua inglesa
Creators: name: Ponte, Carla
name: Canelas, Regina
Publisher: name: Internet Latent Corpus Journal
Year: 2013

description: O Facebook representa uma ferramenta com enormes potencialidades educativas e pode ter um grande impacto na interação e na transmissão de informação entre grupos com interesses comuns. Partindo da análise de algumas páginas de comunidades, selecionadas à priori, procura-se compreender, no presente artigo, algumas das potencialidades subjacentes à utilização desta rede social, numa perspetiva de aprendizagem não-formal da língua inglesa. Após uma análise exploratória do corpus latente, seguiu-se uma abordagem qualitativa que levou à recolha e interpretação dos dados, permitindo identificar o tipo de recursos utilizados nos posts, verificar quais geravam mais interação e compreender a natureza dessa interação. Os resultados sugerem que as potencialidades educativas das Language Learning Communities presentes no Facebook são sub-aproveitadas, funcionando muitas vezes como sítio de partilha de recursos descontextualizados. Devido a estes factos, as interações que se estabelecem entre os utilizadores e entre estes e os administradores das páginas não atingem todo o seu potencial.
description: Internet Latent Corpus Journal, vol. 3 n.º 1 (2013)
On the Origin of the 511 keV Emission in the Galactic Centre
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Reba M.
name: Silk, Joseph
name: Taylor, James E.
name: Maccarone, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffuse 511 keV line emission, from the annihilation of cold positrons, has been observed in the direction of the Galactic Centre for more than 30 years. The latest high-resolution maps of this emission produced by the SPI instrument on INTEGRAL suggest at least one component of the emission is spatially coincident with the distribution of ~70 luminous, low-mass X-ray binaries detected in the soft gamma-ray band. The X-ray band, however, is generally a more sensitive probe of X-ray binary populations. Recent X-ray surveys of the Galactic Centre have discovered a much larger population (>4000) of faint, hard X-ray point sources. We investigate the possibility that the positrons observed in the direction of the Galactic Centre originate in pair-dominated jets generated by this population of fainter accretion-powered X-ray binaries. We also consider briefly whether such sources could account for unexplained diffuse emission associated with the Galactic Centre in the microwave (the WMAP `haze') and at other wavelengths. Finally, we point out several unresolved problems in associating Galactic Centre 511 keV emission with the brightest X-ray binaries.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 2008 October 17. 10 pages, 1 figure
Contributo dos blogues de ciência para a construção da literacia científica cívica no século XXI
Creators: name: Malho, Arminda
name: Melão, Dulce
name: Pereira, Isabel
Publisher: name: Internet Latent Corpus Journal
Year: 2013

description: Numa sociedade marcada pela superabundância de informação que exige, cada vez mais, o posicionamento crítico dos cidadãos, os blogues de ciência constituem um dos modos de interação possível para o debate de tópicos com relevância para um exercício de cidadania responsável, podendo promover a literacia científica cívica. Assim, neste artigo, tendo como referencial metodológico um estudo de caso respeitante à análise de quatro blogues alojados no metablogue “Blogs de ciência”, procura-se indagar que características dos quatro blogues de ciência selecionados poderão potenciar a literacia científica cívica. Os blogues selecionados têm como temática principal a sustentabilidade ambiental, dado ser um tema transversal de potencial interesse para todos os cidadãos. O cruzamento das características dos blogues com o conteúdo dos posts gerados permitiu concluir que os blogues de ciência poderão ser uma das formas de potenciar a literacia cívica científica, abrindo um espaço de debate aos cidadãos sobre temas da ciência.
description: Internet Latent Corpus Journal, vol. 3 n.º 1 (2013)
Acreditação de doutoramentos: da avaliação da qualidade à qualidade da avaliação
Creators: name: Ferreira-Vieira, Carla
name: Osório, Margarida
name: Magalhães, Sónia
Publisher: name: Internet Latent Corpus Journal
Year: 2013

description: A qualidade educacional, numa perspetiva global, pressupõe a implementação de sistemas de gestão da qualidade. Em Portugal, a A3ES (Agência de Avaliação e Acreditação do Ensino Superior) é a responsável pelo estabelecimento dos procedimentos necessários para a avaliação e acreditação. No âmbito deste trabalho serão analisados os relatórios de avaliação/acreditação dos doutoramentos, como reflexo de um maior enfoque na qualidade e na sua sustentabilidade, por parte das instituições de ensino superior. Nesta conformidade, analisar-se-á apenas a dimensão da Educação neste ciclo de estudos, no ensino universitário público. Os procedimentos metodológicos para a recolha de dados caracterizaram-se pela definição de termos de pesquisa, critérios de inclusão e pela análise qualitativa ao nível da divulgação e avaliação dos relatórios de avaliação/acreditação preliminares a que foram sujeitos em 2011 e 2012. Da análise efetuada é patente a satisfação dos requisitos para a acreditação. No entanto, na maior parte dos relatórios, não se identificam sugestões de ações de melhoria que contribuam para uma melhoria efetiva da qualidade no ensino, o que, de alguma forma, parece revelar o carácter estandardizado na forma e nos conteúdos dos referidos relatórios de avaliação/acreditação.
description: Internet Latent Corpus Journal, vol. 3 n.º 1 (2013)
Consistent analysis of the AGN LF in X-ray and MIR in the XMM-LSS field
Creators: name: Runburg, Jack
name: Farrah, Duncan
name: Sajina, Anna
name: Lacy, Mark
name: Lidua, Jenna
name: Hatziminaoglou, Evanthia
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Chen, Chien-Ting J.
name: Nyland, Kristina
name: Shirley, Raphael
name: Clements, D. L.
name: Pitchford, Lura K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The luminosity function (LF) of active galactic nuclei (AGN) probes the history of supermassive black hole assembly and growth across cosmic time. To mitigate selection biases, we present a consistent analysis of the AGN LFs derived for both X-ray and mid-infrared (MIR) selected AGN in the XMM-Large Scale Structure (XMM-LSS) field. There are 4268 AGN used to construct the MIR luminosity function (IRLF) and 3427 AGN used to construct the X-ray luminosity function (XLF), providing the largest census of the AGN population out to $z=4$ in both bands with significant reduction in uncertainties. We are able for the first time to see the knee of the IRLF at $z>2$ and observe a flattening of the faint-end slope as redshift increases. The bolometric luminosity density, a proxy for the cosmic black hole accretion history, computed from our LFs shows a peak at $z\approx2.25$ consistent with recent estimates of the peak in the star formation rate density (SFRD). However, at earlier epochs, the AGN luminosity density is flatter than the SFRD. If confirmed, this result suggests that the build up of black hole mass outpaces the growth of stellar mass in high mass systems at $z\gtrsim 2.5$. This is consistent with observations of redshift $z\sim 6$ quasars which lie above the local $M-σ$ relationship. The luminosity density derived from the IRLF is higher than that from the XLF at all redshifts. This is consistent with the dominant role of obscured AGN activity in the cosmic growth of supermassive black holes.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures, 1 appendix
Diversidade de abordagens na investigação qualitativa em Educação
Creators: name: Vieira, Rui Marques
name: Souza, Francislê Neri De
Publisher: name: Internet Latent Corpus Journal
Year: 2013

description: A Investigação em Educação ao longo dos últimos 30 anos tem vindo a fortalecer-se, salientando-se a sua multiplicidade de paradigmas e naturezas. As razões para este facto residem numa miríade de fatores, sendo de destacar as que se prendem com as linhas de investigação de vários grupos e centros de investigação bem como as múltiplas preocupações e interesses dos investigadores desta área do conhecimento. A forma como têm sido abordadas as problemáticas da educação e os contextos em que a mesma se tem realizado corresponde uma forma de entender a realidade e encarar os problemas educativos e a evolução, no dizer de investigadoras como Coutinho (2011), processa-se quando surgem novas formas de equacionar as questões impulsionando a que os paradigmas fluam, entrem em conflito na busca de novas soluções para os problemas do ensino e da aprendizagem. (...)
description: Internet Latent Corpus Journal, vol. 3 n.º 1 (2013)
Cosmic Ray Positrons from Annihilations into a New, Heavy Lepton
Creators: name: Phalen, Daniel J.
name: Pierce, Aaron
name: Weiner, Neal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results from the PAMELA experiment indicate an excess in the positron spectrum above 10 GeV, but anti-proton data are consistent with the expected astrophysical backgrounds. We propose a scenario that reproduces these features. Dark matter annihilates through channels involving a new heavy vectorlike lepton which then decays by mixing with Standard Model leptons. If charged, this heavy lepton might be produced at the LHC, and could lead to multi-lepton final states or to long-lived charged tracks. Large neutrino detectors such as ANTARES or IceCube might be sensitive to a monochromatic neutrino line. This scenario may be simply embedded in various models, including an extension to the NMSSM.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures; refs added, SU(2) doublet model considered, discussion of monochromatic neutrino and electron signals
Stress relaxation of paper plastic composites
Creators: name: Chen, Chien-Pin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Fractional stress relaxation ( S(t)/S(0.04 ) ) was used to compare time-dependent properties of papers, plastics and paper plastic composites ( PPC ). No similar observations appear in the literature. Laboratory handsheets were prepared from commercial western hemlock ( Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. ) unbrightened and brightened groundwoods, as well as unbleached and bleached kraft pulps. Adjustments were made to provide equivalent basis weights ( 150 ± 30 g/m² ) for materials of the study. Handsheets were impregnated with methyl methacrylate ( MMA ) and tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate ( TEGDMA ) (co)monomer systems. Saturated handsheets and plastic films were cured by ⁶⁰Co gamma irradiation ( 1.4 ± 0.9 Mrad ). It was found that the standard log-time equation, S(t)/S(0.04) = a + b ln t, applied to data collected between 0.04 and 35 min following completion of simulated step-loading ( r ² mostly 0.97 or higher ). A second quantity, energy dissipation ( ΔS), ΔS = 1 - S(35)/S(0.04), was used to compare between treatments. Some plastics gave the highest ΔS values, while groundwoods gave lowest values and kraft papers were intermediate. Pulp delignification level appeared to relate directly to ΔS. Within limits of the study it seems that PPC stress relaxation curves were influenced by both polymer ( matrix ) and fibre ( substrate ) employed. The former contributed in minor ways, while the latter operated in major ways.
Dynamics of graphene growth on a metal surface: a time-dependent photoemission study
Creators: name: Grüneis, Alexander
name: Kummer, Kurt
name: Vyalikh, Denis V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying time-dependent photoemission we unravel the graphene growth process on a metallic surface by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Graphene CVD growth is in stark contrast to the standard growth process of two--dimensional films because it is self-limiting and stops as soon as a monolayer graphene has been synthesized. Most importantly, a novel phase of metastable graphene was discovered that is characterized by permanent and simultaneous construction and deconstruction. The high quality and large area graphene flakes are characterized by angle-resolved photoemission proofing that they are indeed monolayer and cover the whole 1$\times$1 cm Nickel substrate. These findings are of high relevance to the intensive search for reliable synthesis methods for large graphene flakes of controlled layer number.
Orbital-excitation-dominated magnetization dissipation and quantum oscillation of Gilbert damping in Fe films
Creators: name: Chen, Yue
name: Chen, Haoran
name: Shen, Xi
name: Chen, Weizhao
name: Liu, Yi
name: Wu, Yizheng
name: Yuan, Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first-principles electronic structure calculation, we demonstrate the spin dissipation process in bulk Fe by orbital excitations within the energy bands of pure spin character. The variation of orbitals in the intraband transitions provides an efficient channel to convert spin to orbital angular momentum with spin-orbit interaction. This mechanism dominates the Gilbert damping of Fe below room temperature. The theoretical prediction is confirmed by the ferromagnetic resonance experiment performed on single-crystal Fe(001) films. A significant thickness-dependent damping oscillation is found at low temperature induced by the quantum well states of the corresponding energy bands. Our findings not only explain the microscopic nature of the recently reported ultralow damping of Fe-based alloys, but also help for the understanding of the transport and dissipation process of orbital currents.
Central Diffraction at the LHCb
Creators: name: Lamsa, Jerry W.
name: Orava, Risto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHCb experiment is shown to be ideal for studies of exclusive final states from central diffractive reactions. The gluon-rich environment of the central system allows detailed QCD studies and searches for exotic meson states, such as glueballs, molecules, hybrids and new charmonium-like states. It would also provide a good testing ground for detailed studies of heavy quarkonia. Due to its distinct design features, the LHCb can accurately measure the low-mass central systems with good purity. The efficiency of the FSC system for detecting rapidity gaps is shown to be adequate for the proposed studies. With this detector arrangement, valuable new data can be obtained by tagging central diffractive processes.
Fixed Points of Quantum Gravity and the Renormalisation Group
Creators: name: Litim, Daniel F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the asymptotic safety scenario for quantum gravity and the role and implications of an underlying ultraviolet fixed point. We discuss renormalisation group techniques employed in the fixed point search, analyse the main picture at the example of the Einstein-Hilbert theory, and provide an overview of the key results in four and higher dimensions. We also compare findings with recent lattice simulations and evaluate phenomenological implications for collider experiments.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures. Plenary talk. To appear in the proceedings of "From Quantum to Emergent Gravity: Theory and Phenomenology", June 11-15 2007, Trieste, Italy
Additional file 2 of Understanding the groups of care transition strategies used by U.S. hospitals: an application of factor analytic and latent class methods
Creators: name: Mays, Glen
name: Li, Jing
name: Clouser, Jessica Miller
name: Du, Gaixin
name: Stromberg, Arnold
name: Jack, Brian
name: Nguyen, Huong Q.
name: Williams, Mark V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Flow Chart of TC Strategy Development Process.
Citizen participation : its structure and distribution among various socio-economic groups
Creators: name: Martin, Bo Roland
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Many institutions in North American are currently experiencing growing pressure from affected groups and individuals for increased participation in the decision-making process. This applies to the family, schools, universities and the whole business world as well as politics of which planning is an important part, particularly at the local level. Two basic aspects of citizen participation were recognized and assumed to be desirable. First there are the intrinsic values of participation in terms of self-realization, integration and satisfaction accruing to the participants. Second there is the use of participation as a means of increasing the influence of those who are now powerless. The purpose of this thesis was to try to find policies which would result in an increase in meaningful participation as well as a more equitably distributed pattern of involvement. To investigate this 148 people were interviewed in order to find out their current involvement in politics and planning, and their attitudes towards the participatory process. Half the sample was selected from an upper class area and the other half from a lower-middle class district. It was found that different participatory acts were not of a cumulative nature as has generally been assumed by most writers discussing the subject. The implications of this is that different people preferred varying types of participatory acts. Virtually all participatory acts were found to be heavily dominated by people from the upper socio-economic status groups. In the measurements of potential participatory skills, the dominance of these groups was even greater. However, a discernable distinction could be seen regarding the types of activities preferred, in that the lower income people tended to participate more under these conditions: 1) a specific and clearly defined issue is involved 2) its relationship to his own interests is very clear 3) it is local in character and 4) personal contacts with the decision makers are involved but no social barriers has to be overcome. Based on the results of the field work it was suggested that decentralization of the decision-making structure is a necessary (but not sufficient) condition for encouraging meaningful participation of the average citizen. Other suggestions included increased use of attitude surveys, plebiscites and, for local issues, the frequent establishment of ad hoc groups that are small and very issue oriented.
Fact Sheet: Research Data Repositories
Creators: name: Gerlach, Roman
name: Rex, Jessica
name: Lang, Kevin
name: Neute, Nadine
name: Schwartze, Volker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: research data repositories
forschungsdatenrepositorien
rdm
research data
fdm
forschungsdaten
repository
repositorium
fact sheet
handreichung
fair

description: English: Repositories for research data are used to publish or archive digital data from your own research and thereby make it accessible to interested parties. The motivation for this is that research results from publications can be understood and reproduced with the help of the published research data, but can also be used for new research questions if necessary. They also serve as good support to meet the guidelines of the FAIR principles. With this fact sheet, we would like to provide all interested parties with important information about research data repositories. First, the quality characteristics of a good repository are discussed and then which services and offers are available to the researchers free of charge. This includes the register for subject-related repositories re3data.org, as well as interdisciplinary repositories such as Zenodo, Dryad or the Digitale Bibliothek Thüringen. ------------------------------------------- German: Repositorien für Forschungsdaten dienen dazu, digitale Daten aus der eigenen Forschung zu veröffentlichen oder zu archivieren und sie damit für Interessierte zugänglich zu machen. Die Motivation hierfür ist, dass Forschungsergebnisse aus Publikationen mit Hilfe der veröffentlichen Forschungsdaten nachvollziehbar und reproduzierbar werden, ggf. aber auch für neue Forschungsfragen verwendet werden können. Weiterhin dienen sie auch als gute Stütze um die Leitlinien der FAIR-Prinzipien zu erfüllen. Mit dieser Handreichung möchten wir allen Interessierten wichtige Informationen rund um das Thema Forschungsdatenrepositorien zur Verfügung stellen. Dabei wird zuerst auf die Qualitätsmerkmale eines guten Repositoriums eingegangen und dann welche Services und Angebote für die Forscher kostenfrei zur Verfügung stehen. Darunter zählt das Register für fachbezogene Repositorien re3data.org, als auch fachübergreifene Repositorien wie z.B. Zenodo, Dryad oder die Digitale Bibliothek Thüringen.
description: fixed minor layout issues: justified text, graphic positions
The Gauss-Lucas Theorem
Creators: name: Baez, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Gauss-Lucas theorem says that for any complex polynomial $P$, the roots of the derivative $P'$ lie in the convex hull of the roots of $P$. In other words, the roots of $P'$ lie inside the smallest convex subset of the complex plane containing all the roots of $P$. This theorem is not hard to prove, but is there an intuitive explanation? In fact there is, using physics -- or more precisely, electrostatics in 2-dimensional space
description: 2 pages, one picture by Greg Egan
Analytic response theory for the density matrix renormalization group
Creators: name: Dorando, Jonathan J.
name: Hachmann, Johannes
name: Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an analytic response theory for the density matrix renormalization group whereby response properties correspond to analytic derivatives of density matrix renormalization group observables with respect to the applied perturbations. Both static and frequency-dependent response theories are formulated and implemented. We evaluate our pilot implementation by calculating static and frequency dependent polarizabilities of short oligo-di-acetylenes. The analytic response theory is competitive with dynamical density matrix renormalization group methods and yields significantly improved accuracies when using a small number of density matrix renormalization group states. Strengths and weaknesses of the analytic approach are discussed.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
Universally Composable Quantum Multi-Party Computation
Creators: name: Unruh, Dominique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Universal Composability model (UC) by Canetti (FOCS 2001) allows for secure composition of arbitrary protocols. We present a quantum version of the UC model which enjoys the same compositionality guarantees. We prove that in this model statistically secure oblivious transfer protocols can be constructed from commitments. Furthermore, we show that every statistically classically UC secure protocol is also statistically quantum UC secure. Such implications are not known for other quantum security definitions. As a corollary, we get that quantum UC secure protocols for general multi-party computation can be constructed from commitments.
Tectonic stress around the South Caspian basin deduced from earthquake focal mechanisms
Creators: name: Nouri, Ahad
name: Rahimi, Behnam
name: Vavryčuk, Václav
name: Ghaemi, Farzin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: In this paper, we study the tectonic stress around the South Caspian Basin (SCB), which includes the Kopeh Dagh, Alborz, Talesh, eastern Greater Caucasus mountain belts, the Apsheron sill, and the Balkhan-Ashkabad fault zone. We apply the stress inversion to focal mechanisms of 410 mainshocks that have occurred over the last 69 years. These mechanisms indicate that the surrounding fault zones of the SCB exhibit diverse types of faulting, ranging from thrust to strike-slip, normal, and their combinations. The results of the stress inversion align with the kinematics of the major fault zones bounding the SCB and emphasize the spatial heterogeneity of the stress field in this region. The region is predominantly under compression, but transpressive and strike-slip regimes are also present. This highlights the role of obliquely oriented basement faults with respect to the maximum horizontal compressive stress (SHmax) in accommodating deformation through convergent zones. The orientation of the SHmax is in the NE to NNE direction in the Kopeh Dagh, Alborz, Talesh, and Ashkabad-Balkhan fault zones, being rotated to NNE-N in the Greater Caucasus. The orientation of the SHmax relative to the convergence direction of the Arabian and Eurasian plates indicates that the Arabian-Eurasian oblique convergence-derived tectonic stress is the primary contributor to the total stress and deformation in this region.
Impact of the hole orientation of asymmetric GEM foils on the performance of single and triple GEM detectors
Creators: name: Bouhali, Othmane
name: Hoepfner, Kerstin
name: Ivone, Francesco
name: Kamon, Teruki
name: Keller, Henning
name: Malhotra, Shivali
name: Rashdi, Badriya Al
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) foil is an amplification stage that has been introduced to overcome the problem of discharges observed in gaseous detectors. There are two major production techniques of GEM foils: double-mask and single-mask etching. Despite being an effective method, an asymmetry is observed between the top and bottom diameters of GEM holes in single mask compared to double mask. In this paper we describe extensive simulations and experimental measurements to study this hole asymmetry and its effect on the performance of GEM based detectors. The experimental data is collected using GEM foils of various hole geometries and orientations. In simulations, the same dimensions are used to study the properties of the detector. Simulations are performed with the Garfield$^{++}$ simulation package along with ANSYS for creating the geometry of the GEM foils as well as the triple-GEM detector and the meshing needed for the field calculations. The simulation results match the observations from experimental measurements. The gains measured with single and triple-GEM detectors are lower if asymmetric foils are oriented with the smaller diameters towards the readout plane. Detailed simulation of the amplification and collection steps indicates that the lower gain is attributed to a loss of electrons at the GEM3 foil for the first time.
Time ordering and counting statistics
Creators: name: Bachmann, S.
name: Graf, G. M.
name: Lesovik, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic quantum mechanical relation between fluctuations of transported charge and current correlators is discussed. It is found that, as a rule, the correlators are to be time-ordered in an unusual way. Instances where the difference with the conventional ordering matters are illustrated by means of a simple scattering model. We apply the results to resolve a discrepancy concerning the third cumulant of charge transport across a quantum point contact.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure; inconsequential mistake and typos corrected
Triplophysa
Creators: name: Li, Wen-Jing
name: Chen, Xiao-Cheng
name: Hu, Yan-Ping
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Cypriniformes
Nemacheilidae
Triplophysa

description: Key to the species of Triplophysa in the Hexi inner drainages
1a. Caudal fin forked or deeply emarginated................................................................... 2
1b. Caudal fin slightly emarginated.......................................................................... 5
 2a. Head convex from the position of posterior nostrils.......................................... T. qilianensis sp. nov.
2b. Head moderately compressed............................................................................ 3
 3a. No shaped blotches in front of and behind dorsal fin...................................... T. yarkandensis Day 1877
3b. 4–6 dark brown blotches in front of and behind dorsal fin..................................................... ·4
 4a. Width of posterior blotches wider than intervals between blotches...................... T. hsutschouensis Rendahl 1933
 4b. Width of posterior blotches equal to or less than intervals between blotches...................... T. robusta Kessler 1876
5a. Intestine long, greater than stand length.................................................................... 6
5b. Intestine short, about half of stand length................................................................... 7
 6a. Posterior chamber of air bladder degenerated........................................ T. stoliczkae Steindachner 1866
 6b. Posterior chamber of air bladder oval, connected bony capsule of air bladder with tubule.... T. wuweiensis Li & Chang 1974
7a. Posterior chamber of air bladder degenerated............................................................... ·8
7b. Posterior chamber of air bladder well developed............................................................. 9
 8a. Tip of pelvic fin not extending beyond anus....................................... · T. brevicauda Herzenstein 1888
 8b. Tip of pelvic fin extending beyond anus or reaching origin of anal fin.................... T. leptosome Herzenstein 1888
 9a. Posterior chamber of air bladder oblong, connected directly to bony capsule of air bladder.... T. orientalis Herzenstein 1888
 9b. Posterior chamber of air bladder oval, connected to bony capsule of air bladder with long tubule........ T. tenuis Day 1877
description: Published as part of Li, Wen-Jing, Chen, Xiao-Cheng & Hu, Yan-Ping, 2015, A new species of the genus Triplophysa (Nemacheilinae), Triplophysa qilianensis sp. nov, from Qinghai, China, pp. 418-424 in Zootaxa 3905 (3) on page 423, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3905.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/243823
Modelling emission lines in star forming galaxies
Creators: name: Baugh, C. M.
name: Lacey, C. G.
name: Gonzalez-Perez, V.
name: Manzoni, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new model to compute the luminosity of emission lines in star forming galaxies and apply this in the semi-analytical galaxy formation code GALFORM. The model combines a pre-computed grid of HII region models with an empirical determination of how the properties of HII regions depend on the macroscopic properties of galaxies based on observations of local galaxies. The new model gives a very good reproduction of the locus of star-forming galaxies on standard line ratio diagnostic diagrams. The new model shows evolution in the locus of star forming galaxies with redshift on this line ratio diagram, with a good match to the observed line ratios at $z=1.6$. The model galaxies at high redshift have gas densities and ionisation parameters that are predicted to be $\approx 2-3$ times higher than in local star forming galaxies, which is partly driven by the changing selection with redshift to mimic the observational selection. Our results suggest that the observed evolution in emission line ratios requires other HII region properties to evolve with redshift, such as the gas density, and cannot be reproduced by HII model grids that only allow the gas metallicity and ionisation parameter to vary.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Measurement of the dark matter velocity anisotropy profile in galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Host, Ole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter particles form halos that contribute the major part of the mass of galaxy clusters. The formation of these cosmological structures have been investigated both observationally and in numerical simulations, which have confirmed the existence of a universal mass profile. However, the dynamic behaviour of dark matter in halos is not as well understood. We have used observations of 16 equilibrated galaxy clusters to show that the random velocities of dark matter particles are larger on average along the radial direction than along the tangential, and that the magnitude of this velocity anisotropy is radially varying. Our measurement implies that the collective behaviour of dark matter particles is fundamentally different from that of normal particles and the radial variation of the anisotropy velocity agrees with the predictions of numerical simulation.
description: 5 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the Identification of Dark Matter 2008 conference, Stockholm, Sweden, August 18-22 2008