cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lotaru: Locally Predicting Workflow Task Runtimes for Resource Management on Heterogeneous Infrastructures
Creators: name: Bader, Jonathan
name: Lehmann, Fabian
name: Thamsen, Lauritz
name: Leser, Ulf
name: Kao, Odej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many resource management techniques for task scheduling, energy and carbon efficiency, and cost optimization in workflows rely on a-priori task runtime knowledge. Building runtime prediction models on historical data is often not feasible in practice as workflows, their input data, and the cluster infrastructure change. Online methods, on the other hand, which estimate task runtimes on specific machines while the workflow is running, have to cope with a lack of measurements during start-up. Frequently, scientific workflows are executed on heterogeneous infrastructures consisting of machines with different CPU, I/O, and memory configurations, further complicating predicting runtimes due to different task runtimes on different machine types. This paper presents Lotaru, a method for locally predicting the runtimes of scientific workflow tasks before they are executed on heterogeneous compute clusters. Crucially, our approach does not rely on historical data and copes with a lack of training data during the start-up. To this end, we use microbenchmarks, reduce the input data to quickly profile the workflow locally, and predict a task's runtime with a Bayesian linear regression based on the gathered data points from the local workflow execution and the microbenchmarks. Due to its Bayesian approach, Lotaru provides uncertainty estimates that can be used for advanced scheduling methods on distributed cluster infrastructures. In our evaluation with five real-world scientific workflows, our method outperforms two state-of-the-art runtime prediction baselines and decreases the absolute prediction error by more than 12.5%. In a second set of experiments, the prediction performance of our method, using the predicted runtimes for state-of-the-art scheduling, carbon reduction, and cost prediction, enables results close to those achieved with perfect prior knowledge of runtimes.
(202781) Maria Henham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
ЕВРОПАДА  ГЕОМЕТРИЯ ФАНЛАРИНИНГ РИВОЖЛАНИШИ
Creators: name: Азимов, Т.Д.
name: Мирзараимова, В.Т.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ушбу  мақолада бир қатор олимларни геометрия фани йўналишида олиб борган изланишлари келтирилган. Европа ва Осиё олимларини фанни турли мавзулари ва уларнинг хаётга тадбиқлари ёритилган.
Wages for Intern Work and Quarters for Keystrokes:An Exploration of Unpaid Intern Labour in Information Work Within the Context of "Free" Digital Labour
Creators: Blechinger, Joel
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2019

Karly Wildenhaus’ “Wages for Intern Work: Denormalizing Unpaid Positions in Archives and Libraries,” from the of the Journal of Critical Library and Information Studies (vol. 2, no. 1, 2019), is a needed first step in challenging archival and library professionals, MLIS program faculty, and students to identify – and, in turn, to “denormalize” – the prevalence of unpaid labour across their fields.

This conference presentation explores unpaid intern labour in the GLAM sector and attempts to connect it to the "free" digital labour that people perform online. I attempt to do so by using ideas from Laurel Ptak, Dallas W. Smythe, Christian Fuchs, and Tiziana Terranova.
(202783) William Scarcy Walder
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Detecting Extreme Temperature Events Using Gaussian Mixture Models
Creators: name: Paçal, Aytaç
name: Hassler, Birgit
name: Weigel, Katja
name: Kurnaz, M. Levent
name: Wehner, Michael F.
name: Eyring, Veronika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme temperature events have traditionally been detected assuming a unimodal distribution of temperature data. We found that surface temperature data can be described more accurately with a multimodal rather than a unimodal distribution. Here, we applied Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) to daily near-surface maximum air temperature data from the historical and future Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) simulations for 46 land regions defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Using the multimodal distribution, we found that temperature extremes, defined based on daily data in the warmest mode of the GMM distributions, are getting more frequent in all regions. Globally, a 10-year extreme temperature event relative to 1985-2014 conditions will occur 13.6 times more frequently in the future under 3.0°C of Global Warming Levels (GWL). The frequency increase can be even higher in tropical regions, such that 10-year extreme temperature events will occur almost twice a week. Additionally, we analysed the change in future temperature distributions under different GWL and found that the hot temperatures are increasing faster than cold temperatures in low latitudes, while the cold temperatures are increasing faster than the hot temperatures in high latitudes. The smallest changes in temperature distribution can be found in tropical regions, where the annual temperature range is small. Our method captures the differences in geographical regions and shows that the frequency of extreme events will be even higher than reported in previous studies.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures
(202784) Bessie Isabella Talbot
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
3 ЁШГАЧА БЎЛГАН БОЛАЛАРНИНГ ПСИХОМОТОР ТАРАҚҚИЁТИ
Creators: name: Рўзиева, Болибуви
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Илк ёшдаги болалар жисмоний жиҳатдан тез ривожланиши билан бирга психик жиҳатдан тез ривожланадилар. Боланинг 1 ёшли даври унинг психикасининг тез суратлар билан ўсиши давридир.
Enhancing the Performance of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Controlling HVAC Systems
Creators: name: Bayer, Daniel
name: Pruckner, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.1

description: Systems for heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) of buildings are traditionally controlled by a rule-based approach. In order to reduce the energy consumption and the environmental impact of HVAC systems more advanced control methods such as reinforcement learning are promising. Reinforcement learning (RL) strategies offer a good alternative, as user feedback can be integrated more easily and presence can also be incorporated. Moreover, multi-agent RL approaches scale well and can be generalized. In this paper, we propose a multi-agent RL framework based on existing work that learns reducing on one hand energy consumption by optimizing HVAC control and on the other hand user feedback by occupants about uncomfortable room temperatures. Second, we show how to reduce training time required for proper RL-agent-training by using parameter sharing between the multiple agents and apply different pretraining techniques. Results show that our framework is capable of reducing the energy by around 6% when controlling a complete building or 8% for a single room zone. The occupants complaints are acceptable or even better compared to a rule-based baseline. Additionally, our performance analysis show that the training time can be drastically reduced by using parameter sharing.
(202786) Bessie [Talbot]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Improving HEVC Encoding of Rendered Video Data Using True Motion Information
Creators: name: Herglotz, Christian
name: Müller, David
name: Weinlich, Andreas
name: Bauer, Frank
name: Ortner, Michael
name: Stamminger, Marc
name: Kaup, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper shows that motion vectors representing the true motion of an object in a scene can be exploited to improve the encoding process of computer generated video sequences. Therefore, a set of sequences is presented for which the true motion vectors of the corresponding objects were generated on a per-pixel basis during the rendering process. In addition to conventional motion estimation methods, it is proposed to exploit the computer generated motion vectors to enhance the ratedistortion performance. To this end, a motion vector mapping method including disocclusion handling is presented. It is shown that mean rate savings of 3.78% can be achieved.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Reorganization of the auditory-perceptual space across the human vocal range
Creators: name: Friedrichs, Daniel
name: Dellwo, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We analyzed the auditory-perceptual space across a substantial portion of the human vocal range (220-1046 Hz) using multidimensional scaling analysis of cochlea-scaled spectra from 250-ms vowel segments, initially studied in Friedrichs et al. (2017) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 142 1025-1033. The dataset comprised the vowels /i y e ø ε a o u/ (N=240) produced by three native German female speakers, encompassing a broad range of their respective voice frequency ranges. The initial study demonstrated that, during a closed-set identification task involving 21 listeners, the point vowels /i a u/ were significantly recognized at fundamental frequencies (fo) nearing 1 kHz, whereas the recognition of other vowels decreased at higher pitches. Building on these findings, our study revealed systematic spectral shifts associated with vowel height and frontness as fo increased, with a notable clustering around /i a u/ above 523 Hz. These observations underscore the pivotal role of spectral shape in vowel perception, illustrating the reliance on acoustic anchors at higher pitches. Furthermore, this study sheds light on the quantal nature of these vowels and their potential impact on language evolution, offering a plausible explanation for their widespread presence in the world's languages.
(202782) Herbert Walder
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Compton transmission polarimeter for a very precise polarization measurement within a wide range of electron currents
Creators: name: Barday, R.
name: Aulenbacher, K.
name: Bangert, P.
name: Enders, J.
name: Göök, A.
name: Jakubassa-Amundsen, D. H.
name: Nillius, F.
name: Surzhykov, A.
name: Yerokhin, V. A.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: For new experiments with polarized electron and positron beams the precise and quick measurement of the beam polarization is required. The relative electron polarization has been monitored on-line using a compact transmission Compton polarimeter for a wide range of average electron currents up to 100/μA and electron beam energy of 3.5 MeV. The asymmetry induced by the beam polarization can be monitored precisely with ΔA/A < 0.2 %. Even small relative variations of the beam polarization during a beam time may be detected using this polarimeter, such as an increase ∼ 1 % and subsequent decrease of the beam polarization.
Government Investments and Entrepreneurship
Creators: name: Faria, Joao Ricardo
name: Ogura, Laudo
name: Prado, Mauricio
name: Boudreaux, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: How can governments attract entrepreneurs and their businesses? The view that new business creation grows with the optimal level of government investments remains appealing to policymakers. In contrast with this active approach, we build a model where governments may adopt a passive approach to stimulating business creation. The insights from this model suggest new business creation depends positively on factors beyond government investments--attracting high-skilled migrants to the region and lower property prices, taxes, and fines on firms in the informal sector. These findings suggest whether entrepreneurs generate business creation in the region does not only depend on government investments. It also depends on location and skilled migration. Our model also provides methodological implications--the relationship between government investments and new business creation is endogenously determined, so unless adjustments are made, econometric estimates will be biased and inconsistent. We conclude with policy and managerial implications.
description: 3 figures and 1 table. 27 pages
Postpositions take centre stage: What can we learn about Afrikaans postpositions from descriptions in Dutch and English?
Creators: name: Pilon, Suléne
name: Botha, Lande
name: Partridge, Maristi
name: BREED, ADRI
name: Butler, Anneke
name: RABÃ, MONIQUE
name: VAN HUYSSTEEN, GERHARD
Publisher: name: North-West University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470409
subject: Linguistic structures (incl. phonology, morphology and syntax)
classificationCode: 470304
subject: Comparative language studies

description: Lexical units that are identical in form and that are traditionally referred to as either adpositions, adverbs, or particles (based on their morphosyntactic properties), can also be grouped together (based on semantic properties) under the term P-items (see for example Fontaine 2017). Although it is for most linguistic endeavours sufficient to refer to these items as P-items, it is desirable and sometimes even essential in some usage contexts to be able to determine in which one of the subcategories such lexical items should be categorised. In general Afrikaans and Dutch, for example, a lexical item that functions as a verb particle would in some syntactic contexts be written conjunctively with the verb but in other syntactic contexts not, while this is never the case for an identical form of that lexical item functioning as a postposition. Like in Afrikaans and Dutch, the distinction between different P-items is also not always straightforward in English. This article explores different strategies to distinguish between P-items in these three languages and proposes a set of questions as a strategy to identify postpositions in a more systematic way.How to cite this article:Pilon, Suléne, Lande Botha, Maristi Partridge, Adri Breed, Anneke Butler, Monique Rabé & Gerhard B van Huyssteen. 2023. “Postpositions take centre stage: What can we learn about Afrikaans postpositions from descriptions in Dutch and English?”. In Proceedings of the 4th International Afrikaans Grammar Workshop, edited by Adri Breed. Potchefstroom: North-West University. pp. 171-190.
(202777) Ethel Mary Pocock
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(202779) Frederick Torrington Walder
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(202778) Edith Maud Pocock
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Trade Shocks, Labour Markets and Migration in the First Globalisation
Creators: name: Bräuer, Richard
name: Kersting, Felix
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: This paper studies the economic and political effects of a large trade shock in agriculture—the grain invasion from the Americas—in Prussia during the first globalisation (1870–913). We show that this shock led to a decline in the employment rate and overall income. However, we do not observe declining per capita income and political polarisation, which we explain by a strong migration response. Our results suggest that the negative and persistent effects of trade shocks we see today are not a universal feature of globalisation, but depend on labour mobility. For our analysis, we digitise data from Prussian industrial and agricultural censuses on the county level and combine them with national trade data at the product level. We exploit the cross-regional variation in cultivated crops within Prussia and instrument with Italian and United States trade data to isolate exogenous variation.
Quantum non-locality: from denigration to the Nobel prize, via quantum cryptography
Creators: name: Gisin, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the late 1960s, a young physicist was sailing along the coast of California towards Berkeley, where he got a post-doc position in astronomy. But his real goal was not astronomy, at least not immediately. First, John Clauser eagerly wanted to test some predictions of quantum theory that were at odds with a then recent and mostly ignored result by an Irish physicist John Stewart Bell, working at the celebrated CERN near Geneva.
description: 3 pages
(202780) Foster Walder
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Development of Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR for Selection and Discrimination of CMD-Resistant Cassava Varieties Used in Thailand
Creators: name: Jeeraporn Kansup
Publisher: name: Department of Agriculture
Year: 2024
Subjects: cassava
cassava mosaic disease
detection
molecular marker
single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)

description: Thai Agricultural Research Journal, 42, 2, 217-228
Setting the Right Expectations: Algorithmic Recourse Over Time
Creators: name: Fonseca, Joao
name: Bell, Andrew
name: Abrate, Carlo
name: Bonchi, Francesco
name: Stoyanovich, Julia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Algorithmic systems are often called upon to assist in high-stakes decision making. In light of this, algorithmic recourse, the principle wherein individuals should be able to take action against an undesirable outcome made by an algorithmic system, is receiving growing attention. The bulk of the literature on algorithmic recourse to-date focuses primarily on how to provide recourse to a single individual, overlooking a critical element: the effects of a continuously changing context. Disregarding these effects on recourse is a significant oversight, since, in almost all cases, recourse consists of an individual making a first, unfavorable attempt, and then being given an opportunity to make one or several attempts at a later date - when the context might have changed. This can create false expectations, as initial recourse recommendations may become less reliable over time due to model drift and competition for access to the favorable outcome between individuals. In this work we propose an agent-based simulation framework for studying the effects of a continuously changing environment on algorithmic recourse. In particular, we identify two main effects that can alter the reliability of recourse for individuals represented by the agents: (1) competition with other agents acting upon recourse, and (2) competition with new agents entering the environment. Our findings highlight that only a small set of specific parameterizations result in algorithmic recourse that is reliable for agents over time. Consequently, we argue that substantial additional work is needed to understand recourse reliability over time, and to develop recourse methods that reward agents' effort.
(202773) Elizabeth [Cherriman]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(202775) Minnie Emily Pocock
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Forschungsperspektiven und -befunde zum Forschenden Lernen im Praxissemester
Creators: name: Bloh, Bea
name: Homt, Martina
Publisher: name: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung. (PFLB)
Year: 2023

description: Die mit dem Forschenden Lernen verbundenen Verständnisse werden in der Literatur als vielfältig bewertet und die damit einhergehenden Auswirkungen als problematisch für Erforschung, hochschuldidaktische Umsetzung sowie Wirkungsannahmen gesehen (Huber & Reinmann, 2019). Vornehmlich in der Lehrkräftebildung entwickelte sich ein eigener Diskurs. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz wird dafür plädiert, die immer wieder benannte spezifische, berufsperspektivische Zielsetzung des Forschenden Lernens in der Lehrkräftebildung stärker theoretisch auszuformulieren, um die Verständnisklärung von Forschendem Lernen vor diesem Hintergrund vorantreiben zu können. Damit einhergehend werden aktuelle Forschungsbefunde und -erkenntnisse des Forschenden Lernens im Praxissemester in Deutschland berichtet und diskutiert. Es werden mögliche Ansatzpunkte für die theoretische Weiterentwicklung und damit verbundene Implikationen für die Praxis aufgezeigt.
description: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung. (PFLB), Bd. 5 Nr. 1 (2023): PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung – Ausgabe 5
Remote Inference of Cognitive Scores in ALS Patients Using a Picture Description
Creators: name: Agurto, Carla
name: Cecchi, Guillermo
name: Wen, Bo
name: Fraenkel, Ernest
name: Berry, James
name: Navar, Indu
name: Norel, Raquel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal disease that not only affects movement, speech, and breath but also cognition. Recent studies have focused on the use of language analysis techniques to detect ALS and infer scales for monitoring functional progression. In this paper, we focused on another important aspect, cognitive impairment, which affects 35-50% of the ALS population. In an effort to reach the ALS population, which frequently exhibits mobility limitations, we implemented the digital version of the Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioral ALS Screen (ECAS) test for the first time. This test which is designed to measure cognitive impairment was remotely performed by 56 participants from the EverythingALS Speech Study. As part of the study, participants (ALS and non-ALS) were asked to describe weekly one picture from a pool of many pictures with complex scenes displayed on their computer at home. We analyze the descriptions performed within +/- 60 days from the day the ECAS test was administered and extract different types of linguistic and acoustic features. We input those features into linear regression models to infer 5 ECAS sub-scores and the total score. Speech samples from the picture description are reliable enough to predict the ECAS subs-scores, achieving statistically significant Spearman correlation values between 0.32 and 0.51 for the model's performance using 10-fold cross-validation.
description: conference paper
Self-gravity of debris discs can strongly change the outcomes of interactions with inclined planets
Creators: name: Poblete, Pedro P.
name: Löhne, Torsten
name: Pearce, Tim D.
name: Sefilian, Antranik A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Drastic changes in protoplanets' orbits could occur in the early stages of planetary systems through interactions with other planets and their surrounding protoplanetary or debris discs. The resulting planetary system could exhibit orbits with moderate to high eccentricities and/or inclinations, causing planets to perturb one another as well as the disc significantly. The present work studies the evolution of systems composed of an initially inclined planet and a debris disc. We perform N-body simulations of a narrow, self-gravitating debris disc and a single interior Neptune-like planet. We simulate systems with various initial planetary inclinations, from coplanar to polar configurations considering different separations between the planet and the disc. We find that except when the planet is initially on a polar orbit, the planet-disc system tends to reach a quasi-coplanar configuration with low vertical dispersion in the disc. When present, the Zeipel--Kozai--Lidov oscillations induced by the disc pump the planet's eccentricity and, in turn, affect the disc structure. We also find that the resulting disc morphology in most of the simulations looks very similar in both radial and vertical directions once the simulations are converged. This contrasts strongly with massless disc simulations, where vertical disc dispersion is set by the initial disc-planet inclination and can be high for initially highly inclined planets. The results suggest caution in interpreting an unseen planet's dynamical history based only on the disc's appearance.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Extending the potentials of draw-forging
Creators: name: Rakshit, Tanmoy
name: Gebhard, Johannes
name: Napierala, Oliver
name: Kolpak, Felix
name: Schulze, André
name: Hering, Oliver
name: Tekkaya, A. Erman
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Hybrid component
subject: Deep-drawing
subject: Forward rod extrusion
subject: Anisotropy
subject: Encapsulation
subject: Stabilization
subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: Verbundwerkstoff
subject: Tiefziehen
subject: Anisotroper Stoff
subject: Hülle
subject: Stabilisierung
subject: Stauchen

description: Composite components combine the benefits of different materials, leading to improved product properties, enhanced resource- and energy efficiency and widening the product spectrum. Draw-forging is the unique combination of deep-drawing and cold forging, where a core material is encapsulated within a thin sheet metal blank. Previously, the basic draw-forging process only allowed covering of the shaft tip, and the covered length was limited by the maximum drawing ratio of the sheet. In this work, the different failure types, including tearing of the sheet, asymmetric encapsulation, and the development of a gap in the transition zone were investigated numerically and experimentally and the axial encapsulation length is increased significantly. The usage of anisotropic sheet material leads to a form fit and enhances the bond strength in draw-forged hybrid components. An alternative process route in which a pierced sheet is utilized to partially cover a specific section of a shaft was also developed. The process route was stabilized with a novel contoured counter holder to ensure high repeatability.
description: International journal of material forming;15(2)
A Multi-Parameter Dynamical Diagnostics for Upper Tropospheric and Lower Stratospheric Studies
Creators: name: Millan, Luis F.
name: Manney, Gloria L.
name: Boenisch, Harald
name: Hegglin, Michaela I.
name: Hoor, Peter
name: Kunkel, Daniel
name: Leblanc, Thierry
name: Petropavlovskikh, Irina
name: Walker, Kaley
name: Wargan, Krzysztof
name: Zahn, Andreas
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: doi:10.5194/egusphere-2023-173
An investigation of the influence of integration of steel heat treatment and brazing process on the microstructure and performance of vacuum-brazed cemented carbide/steel joints
Creators: name: Tillmann, W.
name: Ulitzka, T.
name: Dahl, L.
name: Wojarski, L.
name: Ulitzka, H.
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Vacuum brazing
subject: Cemented carbide
subject: Heat treatment
subject: Maraging steel
subject: Microstructure
subject: Joint strength
subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: Löten
subject: Hartmetall
subject: Wärmebehandlung
subject: Mikrostruktur
subject: Festigkeit

description: Cemented carbides are commonly brazed to transformation hardening tool steels without taking a proper and adequate steel heat treatment into account. This publication shows the limits and possibilities of integrating a steel heat treatment, including a quenching process, into a vacuum brazing process. Therefore, copper-based filler metals are selected to ensure the steel component’s high and homogenous hardness and supply a high joint quality. In this context, the aimed steel hardness was chosen in the range between 400 and 440 HV1 based on industrial experiences. This specific hardness range for the steel component was set to avoid wear of machining tools in subsequent machining steps if the steel hardness is too high and to prevent wear and deformation of the tool itself in case of a steel hardness too low. When using the transformation hardening tool steel 1.2344, the obtained shear strength values did not exceed a threshold of 20 MPa which can be attributed to the required N2-quenching from brazing respectively solution annealing temperature. However, the steel components featured a hardness of 527.1 HV1 for the specimens brazed with pure copper at 1100 °C and 494.0 HV1 for those brazed with a CuGeNi filler metal at 1040 °C. This publication also shows an alternative route to manufacture long-lasting tools with a cemented carbide/steel joint by applying the difficult to wet and not well researched, but for many other reasons very suitable precipitation hardening maraging steel. Especially, the comparable low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and the capability of the lath martensite to compensate large amounts of externally imposed stresses during the austenite-to-martensite transformation as well as the cooling rate independent of the hardening mechanism of the maraging steel and a pre-applied nickel coating including the corresponding diffusion processes are responsible for a sound joint with a shear strength > 300 MPa. Moreover, the subsequent tempering process at 580 °C for 3 h provides the maraging steel joining partner with a hardness of 426.6 ± 6.0 HV1.
description: Welding in the world;66(5)
(202776) John Ronald Pocock
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(202769) Richard Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Detection of forming intracluster gas in a galaxy protocluster at z~2.16
Creators: name: Di Mascolo, Luca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Until now, direct observations of the intracluster medium (ICM) have been limited only to mature clusters in the latter three-quarters of the history of the Universe, and we have been lacking a direct view of the hot, thermalised cluster atmosphere beyond z~2, the epoch when the first massive clusters formed. Probing the thermal evolution of cosmic structures through z~2 — the epoch when intracluster gas starts to assemble and virialise, and cosmic star formation and the activity of active galactic nuclei (AGN) manifest a concurrent peak — is however crucial for exploring the link between galaxy clusters and their over-dense progenitors, as well as finding the observational fingerprint of feedback effects that regulate the later coevolution of the galaxy and intracluster/circumgalactic medium ecosystems. In my talk, I will present our recent detection of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect in the direction of the protocluster complex surrounding the famous Spiderweb Galaxy (z~2.16), made possible only thanks to the superior capabilities of the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA). Such identification of a nascent intracluster halo represents the unambiguous proof that we are witnessing the transition through which a sparse overdensity of galaxies turns into a massive galaxy cluster, providing a statistically meaningful confirmation of long-standing predictions from cosmological simulations, and cluster and galaxy evolution models.
(202771) Penelope Hall
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(202772) John Cherriman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Beyond original Research Articles Categorization via NLP
Creators: name: Turrisi, Rosanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work proposes a novel approach to text categorization -- for unknown categories -- in the context of scientific literature, using Natural Language Processing techniques. The study leverages the power of pre-trained language models, specifically SciBERT, to extract meaningful representations of abstracts from the ArXiv dataset. Text categorization is performed using the K-Means algorithm, and the optimal number of clusters is determined based on the Silhouette score. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach captures subject information more effectively than the traditional arXiv labeling system, leading to improved text categorization. The approach offers potential for better navigation and recommendation systems in the rapidly growing landscape of scientific research literature.
description: Workshop on Human-in-the-Loop Applied Machine Learning (HITLAML), 2023
(202774) Frederick Gavin Elliot Pocock
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Investigating the relationship between diurnal rest-activity rhythms and mood disorders: a data-driven approach
Creators: name: Sangha, Natasha
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2024

description: Within mental health disorders, mood disorders describe those that have a significant impact on an individual’s emotional state. These disorders represent a leading cause of disability worldwide and can have a severe impact on an individual’s quality of life, including frequently reported problems with diurnal patterns of rest and activity. As a result, sleep and activity patterns represent a target for future phenotypic markers and therapies, but further investigation is required.

Given the heterogeneity of symptoms, it is helpful to consider rest-activity patterns within sub-groups of mood disorders. Typically, these disorders are grouped into depressive disorders (characterised primarily by low mood or anhedonia) and bipolar disorders (characterised primarily by feeling unusually hyper or irritable, often with depressive episodes). Less acknowledgement has been given to a potential third group, unipolar mania, who experience episodes of mania but not depressive episodes. Within common diagnostic criteria (DSM-5 and ICD-11) unipolar mania is grouped with bipolar-I disorder, yet the limited research available suggests considerable differences in demographics and outcomes. Combining bipolar disorder and unipolar mania groups may be contributing to the variability of research findings in this area.

This thesis investigates the relationship between rest-activity rhythms and mood disorders in a large UK-based population (UK Biobank). Through a combination of statistical and machine learning methods it aims to (a) investigate whether these rhythms can help us validate the nosological status of unipolar mania; (b) characterise rest-activity rhythm differences in these mood disorder groups, including seasonal patterns; (c) determine how accurately mood disorder groups can be differentiated using rest-activity measures; and (d) compare rest-activity measures in criteria-driven vs data-driven mood disorder groupings.
(202770) Rowell Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.