Magnolia unicarmensis A. F. Montoya, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Montoya-López, Andres Felipe
name: Bota-Sierra, Cornelio Andrés
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliales
Magnoliaceae
Magnolia
Magnolia unicarmensis

description: Magnolia unicarmensis A.F.Montoya –López & C.Bota–Sierra, sp. nov. (Figs 1–5)
Type:— COLOMBIA. Antioquia: La Unión - El Carmen de Viboral, between veredas San Juan (La Unión) and La Honda (Carmen de Viboral) 5°56’15.64”N, 75°17’4.09”W, 2640 m.a.s.l., 14 Sep 2023 (flower, bud and fruit), Montoya, Bota & Orozco s.n. (holotype: HUA 232719 and 232720).
Magnolia unicarmensis is most similar to M. coronata but differs in having smaller leaf blades, 3.2–6.7 × 1.9–3.9 cm vs. 6.5–16.5 × 4.0–8.0 cm, leaf shape obovate, base cuneate and midrib extending to a small prolongation in the emarginate apex vs elliptic–obovate leaf without apical prolongation, woolly pubescence on the abaxial side of leaves only in midrib vs long yellowish or brown hairs covering the leaf, prefoliation marks on the lamina absent vs conspicuous prefoliation marks on the lamina, pubescence on the stipules golden woolly vs glabrous stipules and fruit glabrous vs pubescent (Table 1).
Trees 6–15 m tall, diameter at breast height up to 31.8 cm; bark grey; twig internodes glabrous with a few lenticels, 0.63–0.93 cm long, 0.22–0.46 cm in diameter. Leaves with petioles 0.4–0.8 × 0.1–0.2 cm, sometimes with golden hairs, blades obovate, base cuneate with small pubescent midvein prolongation in the emarginate apex, 3.2–6.7 × 1.9–3.9 cm, margin entire, adaxially glabrous without prefoliation marks on the lamina, abaxially woolly, densely yellowish pubescent only along the midvein. Lateral veins 11–17 on each side of midvein, inconspicuous adaxially, midvein impressed above, prominent beneath, stipules 1.2–4.4 cm × 0.3–0.5 cm, golden woolly pubescent. Flowers 5.1–6.4 cm in diameter, terminal, solitary, fragrant, peduncle 0.6–0.8 cm long, bud ellipsoid, 1.4–2.1 × 1.0– 1.6 cm, hypsophylls 1, abaxially golden woolly in a line, sepals 3, reddish with yellow, oblong, glabrous, base flat, apex rounded, 2.4–2.8 × 1.3–1.9 cm, petals 6–8, adaxially white, cream and salmon, abaxially white with fuchsia, spatulate–obovate gradually narrower towards the base, the three outer ones 2.4–3.4 × 1.4–1.9 cm, inner petals three to five 2.2–3.5 × 0.7–1.6 cm, stamens 92–100, 0.75–0.86 cm long, the connective 0.29–0.46 cm long, brittle and entangled, gynoecium, 0.96–1.05 × 0.7–0.74 cm, elliptic mustard yellow, glabrous, stigma 0.2–0.4 cm long, yellow. Mature fruits ellipsoid glabrous, lemon green with black spots on the ridges of carpels, 3.0–3.6 × 2.0– 2.4 cm, with 6–7 carpels, seeds 1–2 per carpel, sub–prismatic, angled, 1.0–1.3 × 0.8– 0.8 cm.
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Distribution, habitat and ecology:— Endemic to tropical mountain forest on the central Cordillera, between San Juan (La Unión) and La Honda (Carmen de Viboral). Buds, flowers and fruits observed August and September (2023). No seedlings observed.
Etymology:— Referring to its distribution between La Union and El Carmen de Viboral.
Conservation status:— Proposed as critically endangered under criteria B1 ab(i,ii,iii,v) of IUCN (2012) because the extent of occurrence estimated to be less than 100 km 2.
description: Published as part of Montoya-López, Andres Felipe & Bota-Sierra, Cornelio Andrés, 2023, Magnolia unicarmensis (Magnolia subsect. Dugandiodendron; Magnoliaceae): a new species from tropical montane forests of Antioquia, Colombia, pp. 41-50 in Phytotaxa 626 (1) on pages 42-49, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.626.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/10150681