cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gauging N=4 supersymmetric mechanics II: (1,4,3) models from the (4,4,0) ones
Creators: name: Delduc, F.
name: Ivanov, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploiting the gauging procedure developed by us in hep-th/0605211, we study the relationships between the models of N=4 mechanics based on the off-shell multiplets (4,4,0) and (1,4,3). We make use of the off-shell N=4, d=1 harmonic superspace approach as most adequate for treating this circle of problems. We show that the most general sigma-model type superfield action of the multiplet (1,4,3) can be obtained in a few non-equivalent ways from the (4,4,0) actions invariant under certain three-parameter symmetries, through gauging the latter by the appropriate non-propagating gauge multiplets. We discuss in detail the gauging of both the Pauli-Gursey SU(2) symmetry and the abelian three-generator shift symmetry. We reveal the (4,4,0) origin of the known mechanisms of generating potential terms for the multiplet (1,4,3), as well as of its superconformal properties. A new description of this multiplet in terms of unconstrained harmonic analytic gauge superfield is proposed. It suggests, in particular, a novel mechanism of generating the (1,4,3) potential terms via coupling to the fermionic off-shell N=4 multiplet (0,4,4).
description: 27 pages
An estimate of the B-->K*gamma form factor
Creators: name: Becirevic, Damir
name: Lubicz, Vittorio
name: Mescia, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a lattice QCD calculation of the form factor relevant to B-->K*gamma decay. Our final value, T(0) = 0.24 +/- 0.03(+0.04/-0.01), is obtained in the quenched approximation, and by extrapolating T(q2=0;H--> K*)MH^(3/2) from the directly accessed H-heavy mesons to the meson B. We also show that the extrapolation from B-->K*gamma* to B-->K*gamma leads to a result consistent with the one quoted above. On the other hand, our results are not accurate enough to solve the SU(3) flavor breaking effects in the form factor and we quote T(q2=0;B--> K*)/T(q2=0;B-->rho)=1.2(1), as our best estimate.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Detectors for the future of X-ray imaging
Creators: name: Aslund, Magnus
name: Fredenberg, Erik
name: Telman, M.
name: Danielsson, Mats
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent decades, developments in detectors for X-ray imaging have improved dose efficiency. This has been accomplished with for example, structured scintillators such as columnar CsI, or with direct detectors where the X rays are converted to electric charge carriers in a semiconductor. Scattered radiation remains a major noise source, and fairly inefficient anti-scatter grids are still a gold standard. Hence, any future development should include improved scatter rejection. In recent years, photon-counting detectors have generated significant interest by several companies as well as academic research groups. This method eliminates electronic noise, which is an advantage in low-dose applications. Moreover, energy-sensitive photon-counting detectors allow for further improvements by optimising the signal-to-quantum-noise ratio, anatomical background subtraction or quantitative analysis of object constituents. This paper reviews state-of-the-art photon-counting detectors, scatter control and their application in diagnostic X-ray medical imaging. In particular, spectral imaging with photon-counting detectors, pitfalls such as charge sharing and high rates and various proposals for mitigation are discussed.
Αισθητική και Θεωρία των εικαστικών τεχνών στο έργο του Μπωντλαίρ:
Creators: name: Καρυπιάδης, Χρήστος Σάββα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Αισθητική
Εικαστικές τέχνες
Μπωντλαίρ
Aesthetics
Visual Arts
Baudelaire

description: Στην εργασία αυτή αποτυπώνεται η προσπάθεια να ιδωθεί αποκλειστικά το μέρος του έργου του Μπωντλαίρ που αφορά στη ζωγραφική μέσα από την κριτική της τέχνης που έκανε και τις γενικότερες αισθητικές αρχές του, καθώς και να διατυπωθεί σε ένα σώμα η θεωρία του για την τέχνη της ζωγραφικής. Σίγουρα κάτι τέτοιο δεν αποδείχτηκε εύκολο ούτε απλό, καθώς η πληθώρα μελετών για το έργο του ως ποιητή δεν είναι ανάλογη με αυτήν ως κριτικού. Με βάση λοιπόν τα Αισθητικά Δοκίμια του, ένα ανθολόγιο από τα γραπτά του που αφορούν ακριβώς στις αισθητικές του ανησυχίες, ξεδιπλώνουμε βήμα βήμα μια ανάλυσή του, μια θεωρία του, για την τέχνη της εποχής του, τον εν ενεργεία ρομαντισμό και τις εκφάνσεις του μοντέρνου που, κατά τη γνώμη του, τότε ξεπροβάλλουν. Τα βασικά κεφάλαια είναι δύο και αναφέρονται το πρώτο στο ρομαντισμό και το δεύτερο στον καλλιτέχνη και το Ωραίο, στα πλαίσια του σύγχρονου κόσμου. Η σύντομη εισαγωγή σκιαγραφεί τον όρο του ρομαντισμού ως γενικού κινήματος που ξεκίνησε από τη λογοτεχνία και επεκτάθηκε στους τομείς της τέχνης, ενώ στη συνέχεια δίνονται τα χαρακτηριστικά της ρομαντικής ζωγραφικής, καθώς συντελείται μια μεγάλη μετατόπιση του κέντρου βάρους στην τέχνη προς την κυριαρχία του συναισθήματος και το υποκείμενο.
description: In this work is impressed the effort to be seen exclusively the part of Baudelaire's work that concerns in the painting through the criticism of art that made also his more general aesthetic beginnings, as well as is formulated in a body of theory for the art of painting. Surely such an effort was not proved easy nor simple, while the abundance of studies on his work as poet is not proportional with this as critic. Therefore, with base his Aesthetic Essays, an anthologio from his work that concerns precisely in his aesthetic concerns, we unfold step by step his analysis, his theory, for the art of his season, the practicing romanticism and the expressions of modern that, at his opinion, pop up at the certain time. The basic chapters are two and are reported first in the romanticism and second in the artist and Beautiful, in the frames of modern world. The short import sketches out the term of romanticism as general movement that began from the literature and was extended in the sectors of art, while afterwards are given the characteristics of romantic painting, while taking place a big shift of centre of weight in the art to the sovereignty of sentiment and the subject.
An implicit method for radiative transfer with the diffusion approximation in SPH
Creators: name: Viau, Serge
name: Bastien, Pierre
name: Cha, Seung-Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An implicit method for radiative transfer in SPH is described. The diffusion approximation is used, and the hydrodynamic calculations are performed by a fully three--dimensional SPH code. Instead of the energy equation of state for an ideal gas, various energy states and the dissociation of hydrogen molecules are considered in the energy calculation for a more realistic temperature and pressure determination. In order to test the implicit code, we have performed non--isothermal collapse simulations of a centrally condensed cloud, and have compared our results with those of finite difference calculations performed by MB93. The results produced by the two completely different numerical methods agree well with each other.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
A Bidirectional Current-Mirror Based Potentiostat Using a Slice-Based Class-AB Amplifier
Creators: name: Haberler, Markus
name: Siegl, Inge
name: Steffan, Christoph
name: Auer, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A pico-ampere sensitive electrochemical sensor signal acquisition chain consisting of a multi-channel bidirectional current-mirror based potentiostat and a multiplexed current-input delta-sigma ($ΔΣ$) ADC is presented. Slice-based class-AB amplifiers with output stage current replication using reconfigurable current-mirrors enable bidirectional current sensing over a range of five decades. The replicated current is digitized by the ADC. The proposed circuit achieves a minimum detectable current of 91.7 pA, resulting in a dynamic range of 147 dB for sensor currents up to $\pm$1 mA. The potentiostat is operated at a 3 V supply, the ADC at 1.5 V. The static power consumption of a single interface channel depends on the number of active amplifier slices and is between 14.1 $μ$W and 39.3 $μ$W. The highest power efficiency among similar systems and the low voltage headroom consumption of less than 500 mV enables a versatile use of the interface for multiple sensing applications.
Is pulsar B0656+14 a very nearby RRAT source?
Creators: name: Weltevrede, P.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Rankin, J. M.
name: Wright, G. A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently discovered RRAT sources are characterized by very bright radio bursts which, while being periodically related, occur infrequently. We find bursts with the same characteristics for the known pulsar B0656+14. These bursts represent pulses from the bright end of an extended smooth pulse-energy distribution and are shown to be unlike giant pulses, giant micropulses or the pulses of normal pulsars. The extreme peak-fluxes of the brightest of these pulses indicates that PSR B0656+14, were it not so near, could only have been discovered as an RRAT source. Longer observations of the RRATs may reveal that they, like PSR B0656+14, emit weaker emission in addition to the bursts.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJL
Complete one-loop corrections to decays of charged and CP-even neutral Higgs bosons into sfermions
Creators: name: Weber, C.
name: Kovarik, K.
name: Eberl, H.
name: Majerotto, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the full one-loop corrections to charged and CP-even neutral Higgs boson decays into sfermions including also the crossed channels. The calculation was carried out in the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model and we use the on-shell renormalization scheme. For the down-type sfermions, we use DR-running fermion masses and the trilinear coupling A_f as input. Furthermore, we present the first numerical analysis for decays according to the Supersymmetric Parameter Analysis project. This requires the renormalization of the whole MSSM. The corrections are found to be numerically stable and not negligible.
description: 34 pages, 17 figure
title: Marine Spatial Planning in the Coastal North Sea - the COEXIST framework application as a mapping out approach
Creators: name: Soma, Katrine
name: Schulze, Torsten
name: Gimpel, Antje
name: Rasenberg, Mascha
name: Stenberg, Claus
name: Bogaardt, Marc-Jeroen
name: Stelzenmüller, Vanessa
name: van Oostenbrugge, Hans
name: Hoefnagel, Ellen
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session I
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. The EU calls on member states to establish a marine spatial planning policy and management. The processes, and challenges involved in this task are plentiful. In order to deal with these challenges related to the inclusion of different types of information (e.g. facts, interests and views), but also the need for stakeholder participation while ensuring transparency, a framework is designed. The so-called COEXIST framework is applied in the coastal North Sea, including Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands. The goal of this article is to present the main empirical experiences made by this application. It is found, for instance, that for many stakeholders the importance of the social and ecological objectives is high relative to the often more considered economic objectives. Moreover, marine spatial closures were advantageous to many of the most preferred objectives. One main strength of the COEXIST framework is its ability to bridge different fields of research while highlighting the needs for information for sustainable development
Πολιτικές Τιμολόγησης της Χρήσης των Υπεραστικών Δικτύων Αυτοκινητοδρόμων στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση
Creators: name: Παπαδόπουλος, Κλήμης Κοσμά
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Διόδια
Αυτοκινητόδρομοι
Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση
Tolls
Motorways
European Union

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας αποτελεί η διερεύνηση των υφιστάμενων πολιτικών τιμολόγησης της χρήσης των υπεραστικών δικτύων αυτοκινητοδρόμων στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση. Αρχικά γίνεται μία σύντομη αναφορά στους λόγους εξάπλωσης των υπεραστικών δικτύων αυτοκινητοδρόμων στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση και στην συνεπακόλουθη ανάγκη χρηματοδότησης των σχετικών υποδομών. Ακολούθως, παρουσιάζονται διατυπωμένοι προβληματισμοί σχετικά με την τιμολόγηση της χρήσης των οδικών υποδομών και παρατίθενται απόψεις υπέρ και κατά της εφαρμογής του σχετικού μέτρου. Στη συνέχεια γίνεται αναφορά στο υφιστάμενο θεσμικό πλαίσιο της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης σχετικά με την τιμολόγηση της χρήσης των οδικών υποδομών υψηλών προδιαγραφών με επισήμανση σημαντικών χρονολογικών ορόσημων στην έκδοση των σχετικών Οδηγιών. Παρουσιάζονται ακόμη οι σύγχρονες μέθοδοι τιμολόγησης της χρήσης των οδικών υποδομών ενώ γίνεται αναλυτική αναφορά στις εφαρμοζόμενες πολιτικές τιμολόγησης των υπεραστικών αυτοκινητοδρόμων σε κάθε κράτος – μέλος της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης αλλά και σε περιπτώσεις κρατών μη μελών αυτής. Τέλος γίνονται συγκρίσεις των εφαρμοζόμενων πολιτικών τιμολόγησης στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση και της ακολουθούμενης πρακτικής στην Ελλάδα.
description: The aim of the present thesis is the study of the existing toll pricing policies on suburban motorway networks across European Union.Initially there is a brief reference to the reasons of the spreading of motorway networks in the Continent and to the subsequent need of their financing. A presentation of reservations regarding the necessity of levying charges on the motorway network follows, with reference to views in favor and against it.The existing institutional framework of the European Union on tolling the use of high standard road infrastructure is presented along with reference to important milestones.Then follows a more detailed presentation of the applied tolling policies in each member state of the European Union as well as examples of similar policies in other European countries.Finally comes a comparison among the applied tolling policies in the European Union and Greece.
Energy filtering with X-ray lenses: optimization for photon-counting mammography
Creators: name: Fredenberg, Erik
name: Cederstrom, Bjorn
name: Danielsson, Mats
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chromatic properties of the multi-prism and prism-array X-ray lenses (MPL and PAL) can potentially be utilized for efficient energy filtering and dose reduction in mammography. The line-shaped foci of the lenses are optimal for coupling to photon-counting silicon strip detectors in a scanning system. A theoretical model was developed and used to investigate the benefit of two lenses compared with an absorption-filtered reference system. The dose reduction of the MPL filter was ~15% compared with the reference system at matching scan time, and the spatial resolution was higher. The dose of the PAL-filtered system was found to be ~20% lower than for the reference system at equal scan time and resolution, and only ~20% higher than for a monochromatic beam. An investigation of some practical issues remains, including the feasibility of brilliant-enough X-ray sources and manufacturing of a polymer PAL.
title: Evaluation of Spatial Planning as a Tool for Integrated Marine and Coastal Management: Serious Gaps and Interesting Opportunities
Creators: name: Morf, Andrea
name: Carneiro, Gonçalo
name: Lindblad, Cecilia
name: Grimvall, Anders
name: Goldsborough, David
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session I
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Marine spatial planning (MSP) is promoted as an important mechanism to improve the management of marine areas, enhancing integration across sectors and levels and balancing interests against each other. Sweden aims at using MSP to manage its marine areas according to the so-called Ecosystem Approach. Its adaptive ecosystem perspective requires a systematic monitoring and evaluation of objectives and instruments in relation to outcomes in nature and society. We have explored the state of the art and conditions to develop a coherent evaluation methodology for coastal and marine planning in Sweden through literature analysis, workshops, and an expert survey. Planning evaluation theory and practice can support method development in Sweden. However, the efforts in evaluation practice of spatial planning and management have so far concentrated on evaluating implementation, whereas evaluation of outcomes in terms of environmental changes has received marginal attention. Robust methods relating planning and management to environmental effects are underdeveloped and underutilised. Swedish experts see a great need for evaluating planning and agree on important points in focus, content and form and that institutional and method development is urgent. Discrepancies between answers indicate differences in perspectives but also the need for general capacity development and mutual education across disciplines.
On the Combined Role of Cosmic Rays and Supernova-Driven Turbulence for Galactic Dynamos
Creators: name: Bendre, Abhijit B.
name: Elstner, Detlef
name: Gressel, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale coherent magnetic fields observed in the nearby galaxies are thought to originate by a mean-field dynamo. This is governed via the turbulent electromotive force (EMF, $\overline{\mathcal{E}} $) generated by the helical turbulence driven by supernova (SN) explosions in the differentially rotating interstellar medium (ISM). In this paper we aim to investigate the possibility of dynamo action by the virtue of buoyancy due to a cosmic ray (CR) component injected through the SN explosions. We do this by analysing the magnetohydrodynamic simulations of local shearing box of ISM, in which the turbulence is driven via random SN explosions and the energy of the explosion is distributed in the CR and/or thermal energy components. We use the magnetic field aligned diffusion prescription for the propagation of CR. We compare the evolution of magnetic fields in the models with the CR component to our previous models that did not involve the CR. We demonstrate that the inclusion of CR component enhances the growth of dynamo slightly. We further compute the underlying dynamo coefficients using the test-fields method, and argue that the entire evolution of the large scale mean magnetic field can be reproduced with an $α-Ω$ dynamo model. We also show that the inclusion of CR component leads to an unbalanced turbulent pumping between magnetic field components and additional dynamo action by the Rädler effect.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 tables
The role of data science and data analytics for innovation: a literature review
Creators: name: Joergensen, Pedro Natividade
name: Zaggl, Michael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Data science and data analytics (DS/DA) have been quickly adopted by decision-makers in organisations. Their relation to specific functions within organisations, however, remain unclear. Therefore, this study focuses on their relationship to innovation and aim to clarify the role of DS/DA relative to innovation and decision-making. To this end, we conducted a literature review. Based on a systematic query in the Web of Science, we identified 172 relevant articles, which address DS/DA and innovation. Our findings suggest a prevalence of different understandings of DS/DA relative to innovation and decision-making. Specifically, we identified three distinct categories of articles: (1) “Innovation as a result of DS/DA”, (2) “DS/DA as a result of innovation”, (3) “Diffusion of DS/DA technology”, and sorted the remaining in a fourth category “Miscellaneous”. Our study contributes to the understanding of DS/DA and its ambiguous relationship to innovation and decision-making. We outline implications for academics, practitioners, and educators.
Electron/pion separation with an Emulsion Cloud Chamber by using a Neural Network
Creators: name: Arrabito, L.
name: Autiero, D.
name: Bozza, C.
name: Buontempo, S.
name: Caffari, Y.
name: Consiglio, L.
name: Cozzi, M.
name: D'Ambrosio, N.
name: De Lellis, G.
name: De Serio, M.
name: Di Capua, F.
name: Di Ferdinando, D.
name: Di Marco, N.
name: Ereditato, A.
name: Esposito, L. S.
name: Gagnebin, S.
name: Giacomelli, G.
name: Giorgini, M.
name: Grella, G.
name: Hauger, M.
name: Ieva, M.
name: Csathy, J. Janicsko
name: Juget, F.
name: Kreslo, I.
name: Laktineh, I.
name: Longhin, A.
name: Mandrioli, G.
name: Marotta, A.
name: Marteau, J.
name: Migliozzi, P.
name: Monacelli, P.
name: Moser, U.
name: Muciaccia, M. T.
name: Pastore, A.
name: Patrizii, L.
name: Pistillo, C.
name: Pozzato, M.
name: Romano, G.
name: Rosa, G.
name: Russo, A.
name: Savvinov, N.
name: Schembri, A.
name: Lavina, L. Scotto
name: Simone, S.
name: Sioli, M.
name: Sirignano, C.
name: Sirri, G.
name: Strolin, P.
name: Tioukov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the performance of a new algorithm for electron/pion separation in an Emulsion Cloud Chamber (ECC) made of lead and nuclear emulsion films. The software for separation consists of two parts: a shower reconstruction algorithm and a Neural Network that assigns to each reconstructed shower the probability to be an electron or a pion. The performance has been studied for the ECC of the OPERA experiment [1]. The $e/π$ separation algorithm has been optimized by using a detailed Monte Carlo simulation of the ECC and tested on real data taken at CERN (pion beams) and at DESY (electron beams). The algorithm allows to achieve a 90% electron identification efficiency with a pion misidentification smaller than 1% for energies higher than 2 GeV.
Framework for human–XAI symbiosis: extended self from the dual-process theory perspective
Creators: name: Litvinova, Yulia
name: Mikalef, Patrick
name: Luo, Xin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The use of artificial intelligence (AI)-based decision support systems (DSSs) is expected to enable superior human–XAI performance. To enhance decision-making performance, explanations are integrated into such DSSs (XAI DSSs). However, recent studies demonstrate that XAI in DSS does not necessarily result in improved decision-making performance, which is attributed to cognitive biases or to inaccurate heuristics regarding such XAI. There are also noted discrepancies regarding how humans think they will use XAI DSS versus their actual behaviour. Currently, there is no established theoretical framework to explain the cognitive mechanisms that underpin human decision-making when supported by XAI. We propose a theoretical framework that is grounded in the notion of extended self and in the dual-process theory of cognition. Building on existing studies, we explain that human–XAI interaction can change how humans base their decision-making, enabling a form of extended self. This reframing can support efficient design and implementation of XAI in DSS.
Uncertainty in sustainable water quality management
Creators: name: McLean, Bruce
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The decision to upgrade the Annacis and Lulu Island sewage treatment plants in the Greater Vancouver Regional District (GVRD) was analysed in light of uncertainty regarding future population growth and inputs from industrial and urban runoff sources. Sustainability is often cited as a reason for maintaining pristine water quality. However, there are several sustainability world views and they do not all necessarily advocate the maintenance of pristine water quality. Approaches to sustainability are reviewed and discussed in the context of water quality management. Methodology was developed to link discharges from industrial sources, urban runoff and sewage treatment plants to user defined inputs of economic activity, development and land-use patterns and population growth. The pollutant loading was then used to determine the water quality at various locations in the Fraser River Estuary. Inputs from industrial sources, urban runoff and sewage treatment plants upstream of the GVRD were assumed to be completely mixed at the sewage treatment plant outfalls and to affect ambient water quality. Local impacts from urban runoff, industrial discharges and upstream sewage treatment plants were not considered. The primary reason for considering these sources was to determine whether future levels of discharge are likely to have an effect on management decisions regarding municipal sewage treatment plants. Diffusion factors and dispersion coefficients have been determined for various locations in the Fraser River. These were adapted to determine the local impacts on water quality from future increases in sewage treatment plant discharge. The changes in ambient and local water quality were added to determine the overall water quality for each future scenario. The decision to upgrade the two treatment plants was discussed in the context of water quality criteria and sustainability world views.
Length and eigenvalue equivalence
Creators: name: Leininger, Christopher J.
name: McReynolds, D. B.
name: Neumann, Walter D.
name: Reid, Alan W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Two Riemannian manifolds are called eigenvalue equivalent when their sets of eigenvalues of the Laplace-Beltrami operator are equal (ignoring multiplicities). They are (primitive) length equivalent when the sets of lengths of their (primitive) closed geodesics are equal. We give a general construction of eigenvalue equivalent and primitive length equivalent Riemannian manifolds. For example we show that every finite volume hyperbolic $n$--manifold has pairs of eigenvalue equivalent finite covers of arbitrarily large volume ratio. We also show the analogous result for primitive length equivalence.
Beta-coalescents and continuous stable random trees
Creators: name: Berestycki, Julien
name: Berestycki, Nathanaël
name: Schweinsberg, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60J25 (Primary) 60J80, 60J85, 60K99, 92D10 (Secondary)

description: Coalescents with multiple collisions, also known as $Λ$-coalescents, were introduced by Pitman and Sagitov in 1999. These processes describe the evolution of particles that undergo stochastic coagulation in such a way that several blocks can merge at the same time to form a single block. In the case that the measure $Λ$ is the $\operatorname {Beta}(2-α,α)$ distribution, they are also known to describe the genealogies of large populations where a single individual can produce a large number of offspring. Here, we use a recent result of Birkner et al. to prove that Beta-coalescents can be embedded in continuous stable random trees, about which much is known due to the recent progress of Duquesne and Le Gall. Our proof is based on a construction of the Donnelly--Kurtz lookdown process using continuous random trees, which is of independent interest. This produces a number of results concerning the small-time behavior of Beta-coalescents. Most notably, we recover an almost sure limit theorem of the present authors for the number of blocks at small times and give the multifractal spectrum corresponding to the emergence of blocks with atypical size. Also, we are able to find exact asymptotics for sampling formulae corresponding to the site frequency spectrum and the allele frequency spectrum associated with mutations in the context of population genetics.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117906000001114 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Reverberant Sound Localization with a Robot Head Based on Direct-Path Relative Transfer Function
Creators: name: Li, Xiaofei
name: Girin, Laurent
name: Badeig, Fabien
name: Horaud, Radu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper addresses the problem of sound-source localization (SSL) with a robot head, which remains a challenge in real-world environments. In particular we are interested in locating speech sources, as they are of high interest for human-robot interaction. The microphone-pair response corresponding to the direct-path sound propagation is a function of the source direction. In practice, this response is contaminated by noise and reverberations. The direct-path relative transfer function (DP-RTF) is defined as the ratio between the direct-path acoustic transfer function (ATF) of the two microphones, and it is an important feature for SSL. We propose a method to estimate the DP-RTF from noisy and reverberant signals in the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) domain. First, the convolutive transfer function (CTF) approximation is adopted to accurately represent the impulse response of the microphone array, and the first coefficient of the CTF is mainly composed of the direct-path ATF. At each frequency, the frame-wise speech auto- and cross-power spectral density (PSD) are obtained by spectral subtraction. Then a set of linear equations is constructed by the speech auto- and cross-PSD of multiple frames, in which the DP-RTF is an unknown variable, and is estimated by solving the equations. Finally, the estimated DP-RTFs are concatenated across frequencies and used as a feature vector for SSL. Experiments with a robot, placed in various reverberant environments, show that the proposed method outperforms two state-of-the-art methods.
description: IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems,
Perfect state transfer on hypercubes and its implementation using superconducting qubits
Creators: name: Singh, Siddhant
name: Adhikari, Bibhas
name: Dutta, Supriyo
name: Zueco, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a protocol for perfect state transfer between any pair of vertices in a hypercube. Given a pair of distinct vertices in the hypercube we determine a sub-hypercube that contains the pair of vertices as antipodal vertices. Then a switching process is introduced for determining the sub-hypercube of a memory enhanced hypercube that facilitates perfect state transfer between the desired pair of vertices. Furthermore, we propose a physical architecture for the pretty good state transfer implementation of our switching protocol with fidelity arbitrary close to unity, using superconducting transmon qubits with tunable couplings. The switching is realised by the control over the effective coupling between the qubits resulting from the effect of ancilla qubit couplers for the graph edges. We also report an error bound on the fidelity of state transfer due to faulty implementation of our protocol.
title: Ecosystem based management – three context-specific dimensions of interaction between stakeholders
Creators: name: Röckmann, Christine
name: van Leeuwen, Judith
name: Goldsborough, David
name: Kraan, Marloes
name: Piet, Gerjan
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session I
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Expectations about ecosystem based management (EBM) differ due to diverging disciplinary perspectives about what EBM should be and how it should work. While EBM by its nature requires trade-offs to be made between ecological, economic and social sustainability criteria, the diversity of perspectives, values, stakes, and the specificity of each individual situation largely determine the position of these trade-offs. The authors therefore argue that successful EBM needs more emphasis on interactions between the different stakeholders (scientists, decision makers, practitioners) to create transparent, salient (= relevant), credible, and legitimate EBM processes. Three dimensions of stakeholder interactions are considered crucial: (A) between scientists and decision makers, framing and focussing to foster salience and uptake of scientific advice for decision making, (B) between scientists and other stakeholders, collaborating to foster credibility of knowledge production, and (C) between decision makers and other stakeholders, participating to foster legitimacy of EBM processes. Finding the optimal degree of interaction for these dimensions depends on the context, such as location, timing, stakes and stakeholders, and institutional setting.
Ειδική Αγωγή και Κοινωνική Ένταξη Μαθητών με Αναπηρία: Διερεύνηση των κοινωνικών αναπαραστάσεων του προσωπικού και των γονέων δύο σχολείων ειδικής αγωγής της Θεσσαλονίκης
Creators: name: Ντότση, Αγγελική Αντωνίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Ενα σχολείο για όλους
Ειδική αγωγή
Κοινωνική ένταξη
A school for all
Special education
Social integration

description: Στόχο της παρούσας μελέτης αποτέλεσε η διερεύνηση των αναπαραστάσεων του προσωπικού δύο σχολείων ειδικής αγωγής της Θεσσαλονίκης καθώς και των γονέων των παιδιών που φοιτούν σε αυτά αναφορικά με τον τρόπο οργάνωσης της ειδικής εκπαίδευσης. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, την μελέτη ενδιαφέρει η κριτική θεώρηση του θεσμού του «ειδικού σχολείου», του τρόπου με τον οποίο οργανώνεται, των σκοπών που υπηρετεί και των παραγόντων που επηρεάζουν την αποτελεσματικότητα της εκπαιδευτικής πράξης. Παράλληλα, προσεγγίζει ζητήματα που αφορούν στη σχολική και την κοινωνική ένταξη των μαθητών με αναπηρία. Η μελέτη βασίστηκε σε ένα ποιοτικό ερευνητικό σχέδιο με κύριες μεθόδους τη συμμετοχική παρατήρηση και την ημιδομημένη συνέντευξη με συμμετέχοντες γονείς και εργαζόμενους του 4ου Δημοτικού Σχολείου Ειδικής Αγωγής Θεσσαλονίκης και του Ειδικού Δημοτικού Σχολείου Ινστιτούτου Αναπτυξιακής Αποκατάστασης. Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας δείχνουν ότι οι αδυναμίες στην οργάνωση της ειδικής αγωγής αποτελούν πτυχή του ευρύτερου αιτήματος για μετασχηματισμό της εκπαίδευσης. Σύμφωνα με τους συμμετέχοντες, ζητούμενο είναι η δημιουργία ενός νέου σχολείου για όλους τους μαθητές. Ο βαθμός στον οποίο η αλλαγή σχετίζεται με την εισαγωγή νέων αποτελεσματικότερων διαδικασιών στη λειτουργία του σχολείου ή εξαρτάται από τα πρόσωπα που κάθε φορά στελεχώνουν την εκάστοτε σχολική μονάδα, αποτέλεσε κυρίαρχο δίλημμα στη συζήτηση σχετικά με τους τρόπους μέσα από τους οποίους θα μπορούσε να επιτευχθεί η αλλαγή. Σε κάθε περίπτωση, η συνεργασία μεταξύ του συνόλου των εμπλεκόμενων στην εκπαιδευτική πράξη, δηλαδή μεταξύ των μελών του προσωπικού αλλά και των τελευταίων με τις οικογένειες των μαθητών, αξιολογήθηκε ως σημαντικός παράγοντας που επηρεάζει την αποτελεσματικότητα του εκπαιδευτικού εγχειρήματος.
description: The purpose of the research presented is to examine the social perceptions of the staff and the parents of two special schools of Thessaloniki. The research is interested in a critical approach of special schools as institutions, emphasizing on the aims they set and the factors related with the efficacy of education in general. Moreover, the research approaches issues related to school and social integration of students with disabilities. The design was based on qualitative methodology using naturalistic observation and semi-structured interview. The results show that the organizational deficits of special education are only a part of the more general request for a new school for all students. According to the participants, the cooperation between the members of the school community, including trainers, parents and students, was estimated as an important factor in the process of change.
Far-field interaction of focused relativistic electron beams in electron energy loss spectroscopy of nanoscopic platelets
Creators: name: Itskovsky, M. A.
name: Cohen, H.
name: Maniv, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum mechanical scattering theory for relativistic, highly focused electron beams near nanoscopic platelets is presented, revealing a new excitation mechanism due to the electron wave scattering from the platelet edges. Radiative electromagnetic excitations within the light cone are shown to arise, allowed by the breakdown of momentum conservation along the beam axis in the inelastic scattering process. Calculated for metallic (silver and gold) and insulating (SiO2 and MgO) nanoplatelets, new radiative features are revealed above the main surface plasmon-polariton peak, and dramatic enhancements in the electron energy loss probability at gaps of the 'classical' spectra, are found. The corresponding radiation should be detectable in the vacuum far-field zone, with e-beams exploited as sensitive 'tip-detectors' of electronically excited nanostructures.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
A dynamical system approach to higher order gravity
Creators: name: Carloni, Sante
name: Dunsby, Peter K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical system approach has recently acquired great importance in the investigation on higher order theories of gravity. In this talk I review the main results and I give brief comments on the perspectives for further developments.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables, talk given at IRGAC 2006, July 2006
Effect of local pumping on random laser modes
Creators: name: Wu, X.
name: Andreasen, J.
name: Cao, H.
name: Yamilov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a numerical method based on the transfer matrix to calculate the quasimodes and lasing modes in one-dimensional random systems. Depending on the relative magnitude of the localization length versus the system size, there are two regimes in which the quasimodes are distinct in spatial profile and frequency distribution. In the presence of uniform gain, the lasing modes have one-to-one correspondence to the quasimodes in both regimes. Local excitation may enhance the weight of a mode within the gain region due to local amplification, especially in a weakly scattering system.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
The hidden geometric character of relativistic quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Almeida, Jose B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presentation makes use of geometric algebra, also known as Clifford algebra, in 5-dimensional spacetime. The choice of this space is given the character of first principle, justified solely by the consequences that can be derived from such choice and their consistency with experimental results. Given a metric space of any dimension, one can define monogenic functions, the natural extension of analytic functions to higher dimensions; such functions have null vector derivative and have previously been shown by other authors to play a decisive role in lower dimensional spaces. All monogenic functions have null Laplacian by consequence; in an hyperbolic space this fact leads inevitably to a wave equation with plane-like solutions. This is also true for 5-dimensional spacetime and we will explore those solutions, establishing a parallel with the solutions of the Dirac equation. For this purpose we will invoke the isomorphism between the complex algebra of 4x4 matrices, also known as Dirac's matrices. There is one problem with this isomorphism, because the solutions to Dirac's equation are usually known as spinors (column matrices) that don't belong to the 4x4 matrix algebra and as such are excluded from the isomorphism. We will show that a solution in terms of Dirac spinors is equivalent to a plane wave solution. Just as one finds in the standard formulation, monogenic functions can be naturally split into positive/negative energy together with left/right ones. This split is provided by geometric projectors and we will show that there is a second set of projectors providing an alternate 4-fold split. The possible implications of this alternate split are not yet fully understood and are presently the subject of profound research.
description: 29 pages. Small changes in V3 suggested by referee
title: Experiences from applying a generic framework for the monitoring and evaluation of spatially managed areas in nine case studies in EU sea basins
Creators: name: Buhl-Mortensen, Lene
name: Galparsoro, Ibon
name: Pipitone, Carlo
name: Fernandez, Tomas Vega
name: D’Anna, Giovanni
name: Johnson, Kate
name: Carlström, Julia
name: Piwowarczyk, Joanna
name: Rabaut, Marijn
name: Vanaverbeke, Jan
name: Schipper, Cor
name: Sørensen, Thomas K.
name: Vassilopoulou, Vassiliki
name: van Hoof, Luc
name: Pecceu, Ellen
name: Hostens, Kris
name: Stelzenmüller, Vanessa
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session I
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. A generic framework developed within the EU project MESMA was tested in nine areas (cases) that differ in spatial scales, spatial management plans, and include a variety of marine landscapes from relatively small and highly populated bays and islands, to whole national coastlines, and large offshore regions. The framework consists of seven steps starting with context setting and via mapping of existing information on the marine ecosystem, human activities and management goals continues to indicator selection and assessment and subsequently leads to a revision and adaptation of management measures for the SMA (Figure 1). Herein we present how the framework was applied in the different case studies according to their context and spatial management objectives. In addition to the complexity of the setting, the availability of the information needed constrained targeted actions foreseen under each of the seven steps, and introduced varying degrees of uncertainty in outcomes. The above resulted in different approaches used to fulfil the requests for information or analysis, and depending on the case, certain actions were either irrelevant or unrealistic to undertake. Interaction with key stakeholders in particular implementation phases of the framework appeared also to be crucial, ensuring transparency in the process, and supporting a more effective approach towards adaptive management.
Sum-Rate Maximization for UAV-assisted Visible Light Communications using NOMA: Swarm Intelligence meets Machine Learning
Creators: name: Pham, Quoc-Viet
name: Huynh-The, Thien
name: Alazab, Mamoun
name: Zhao, Jun
name: Hwang, Won-Joo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: As the integration of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into visible light communications (VLC) can offer many benefits for massive-connectivity applications and services in 5G and beyond, this work considers a UAV-assisted VLC using non-orthogonal multiple-access. More specifically, we formulate a joint problem of power allocation and UAV's placement to maximize the sum rate of all users, subject to constraints on power allocation, quality of service of users, and UAV's position. Since the problem is non-convex and NP-hard in general, it is difficult to be solved optimally. Moreover, the problem is not easy to be solved by conventional approaches, e.g., coordinate descent algorithms, due to channel modeling in VLC. Therefore, we propose using harris hawks optimization (HHO) algorithm to solve the formulated problem and obtain an efficient solution. We then use the HHO algorithm together with artificial neural networks to propose a design which can be used in real-time applications and avoid falling into the "local minima" trap in conventional trainers. Numerical results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and further demonstrate that the proposed algorithm/HHO trainer is superior to several alternative schemes and existing metaheuristic algorithms.
description: Published in IEEE Internet of Things Journal (IoTJ) 2020
title: Mapping fishing activity in Scotland’s inshore waters – analytical approaches applied to data from fishery stakeholders
Creators: name: Kafas, Andronikos
name: McLay, Anne
name: Chimienti, Marianna
name: Gubbins, Matthew
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session I
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Marine planning relies on robust data on human usage of the sea, to minimise spatial conflicts and to inform decision making. Seas around Scotland support diverse fisheries, including a significant inshore fishing fleet which makes an important contribution to the economy of many coastal communities. We present analyses of data collected during interviews with over 1000 fishermen across Scotland (skippers of vessels < 15 m in length) carried out in 2011 and 2012 and describe the methods used to validate data and produce a detailed understanding of inshore fishing activity including the socio-economic value and usage of different coastal areas in Scottish Territorial Waters. The potential application and utility of the various data outputs in the context of multidisciplinary Marine Spatial Planning are discussed.