cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mudancas em Infra-estrutura, Agencia Humana e Resiliencia em Sistemas Socio-ecologicos: Arcabouço Teórico e Abordagem Metodologica
Creators: name: Perz, Stephen G.
name: Valho, Lucas Araujo Car
name: Passos, Veronica
name: Rocha, Karla
name: Silveira, Marcos
name: Perz, Stephen G.
name: Valho, Lucas Araujo Car
name: Passos, Veronica
name: Rocha, Karla
name: Silveira, Marcos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: infra-estrutura
subject: resiliencia
subject: conectividade
subject: Brasil
subject: Amazonia
subject: infrastructure
subject: resilience
subject: connectivity
subject: Brazil
subject: Amazon

description: Propomos aumentar o conhecimento sobre os impactos da construção e melhoramento em obras de infra-estrutura, nesse caso em particular das estradas, e nas relações entre as pessoas e a floresta. Este tema multifacetado será abordado por um complexo sistema de interações, com ênfase na dinâmica das redes ecológicas, sócio-econômicas e institucionais. Integraremos estes dados de pontos multi-temporais e espacialmente explícitos no sentido de compilar um banco de dados que promova um melhor entendimento da complexa dinâmica das mudanças trazidas por melhoria na infra-estrutura viária. Esta base de dados integrada permitirá modelagem espaço-temporal para comprovar várias expectativas sobre sistemas complexos, como por exemplo, impactos decorrentes de nova infra-estrutura em regiões dependentes de recursos naturais. Antecipamos que a pesquisa proposta melhorará modelos de bancos de dados integrados para pesquisa ambiental interdisciplinar, e a construção de uma teoria mais robusta das interações pessoa-meio ambiente, como meio de testar a teoria dos sistemas complexos e aplicações praticas para a área de estudo.------------------------------------------------------ We propose to advance understanding of road impacts on relationships between people and forests in two resource-dependent regions, the southwestern Amazon and north-central Florida. We approach this multifaceted topic by drawing on a complex systems framework, and focusing on the dynamics of socioeconomic, ecological and institutional networks. We will integrate these data for multiple time points in a spatially explicit fashion to compile a database that can provide a better understanding of the complex dynamics of change following infrastructure upgrades. This integrated database will also allow for spatio-temporal modeling to test a number of expectations about complex systems, applied to the case of various shocks brought by new infrastructure to resource-dependent regions. We anticipate that the proposed research will lead to improved design of integrated databases for interdisciplinary environmental research, more robust theory of human-environment interactions, a means of testing of complex systems theory, and practical applications to both study sites.
MOESM1 of Estimated dead space fraction and the ventilatory ratio are associated with mortality in early ARDS
Creators: name: Morales-Quinteros, Luis
name: Schultz, Marcus
name: Bringué, Josep
name: Calfee, Carolyn
name: Camprubí, Marta
name: Cremer, Olaf
name: Horn, Janneke
name: Poll, Tom
name: Pratik Sinha
name: Artigas, Antonio
name: Bos, Lieuwe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Estimated dead space fraction (Harris-Benedict estimate) showing the association between VD/VT separated in tertiles (left: 0.68) and mortality according to tertiles of PaO2/FiO2 (upper row), PEEP (second row), driving pressure (third row) and compliance of the respiratory system (bottom row).
Spin geometric-phases in hopping magnetoconductance
Creators: name: Entin-Wohlman, O.
name: Aharony, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify theoretically the geometric phases of the electrons' spin that can be detected in measurements of charge and spin transport through Aharonov-Bohm interferometers threaded by a magnetic flux $Φ$ (in units of the flux quantum) in which both the Rashba spin-orbit and Zeeman interactions are active. We show that the combined effect of these two interactions is to produce a $\sin(Φ)$ [in addition to the usual $\cos(Φ)$] dependence of the magnetoconductance, whose amplitude is proportional to the Zeeman field. Therefore the magnetoconductance, though an even function of the magnetic field is not a periodic function of it, and the widely-used concept of a phase shift in the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations, as indicated in previous work, is not applicable. We find the directions of the spin-polarizations in the system, and show that in general the spin currents are not conserved, implying the generation of magnetization in the terminals attached to the interferometer.
Constraints on Dark Matter from the Moon
Creators: name: Garani, Raghuveer
name: Tinyakov, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New and complimentary constraints are placed on the spin-independent interactions of dark matter with baryonic matter. Similar to the Earth and other planets, the Moon does not have any major internal heat source. We derive constraints by comparing the rate of energy deposit by dark matter annihilations in the Moon to 12 mW/m$^2$ as measured by the Apollo mission. For light dark matter of mass $\mathcal{O}(10)$ GeV, we also examine the possibility of dark matter annihilations in the Moon limb. In this case, we place constraints by comparing the photon flux from such annihilations to that of the Fermi-LAT measurement of $10^{-4}$ MeV/cm$^2$s. This analysis excludes spin independent cross section $\gtrsim 10^{-37}$ $\rm{cm}^2$ for dark matter mass between 30 and 50 GeV.
description: 9 pages; v2: Improved moon models, updated references. Matches published version
MOESM2 of Adult mental health provision in England: a national survey of acute day units
Creators: name: Lamb, Danielle
name: Davidson, Michael
name: Brynmor Lloyd-Evans
name: Johnson, Sonia
name: Heinkel, Samira
name: Steare, Thomas
name: Pinfold, Vanessa
name: Weich, Scott
name: Morant, Nicola
name: Kirkbride, James
name: Marston, Louise
name: Canaway, Alastair
name: Madan, Jason
name: Osborn, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. AD-CARE National ADU Survey.
Risk management tools for Italian farmers: public support, problems and perspectives under CAP Reform
Creators: name: Capitanio, Fabian
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Enjolras, Geoffroy
name: Adinolfi, Felice
name: Capitanio, Fabian
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Enjolras, Geoffroy
name: Adinolfi, Felice
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: crop insurance
subject: risk management tools
subject: public intervention

description: Currently there is ample discussion among EU Institutions (European Commission, European Parliament, and Member States’ governments) on the possibility of setting up a comprehen sive EU-wide framework on risk and crises in agriculture. With the changes introduced in the proposed regulations on rural development for the period 2014 - 2020, the Commission not only confirms the provisions contained in Regulation 73/2009 (placing them, however, in the multi-annual setting of the funding for actions to support rural development), but introduces a new measure, called IST (the Income Stabilization Tool), aimed at supporting risk management for farm incomes using insurance principles. This paper therefore discusses the main issues related to public intervention for risk and crisis management in agriculture, with emphasis on the main criticisms of an overall public support policy aiming to manage risk in agriculture in Italy.
title: Vernetzung als Wissenspraktik der deutschsprachigen Lesben-/Frauenarchive und -bibliotheken in ihren Entstehungsjahren seit 1977
Creators: name: Schnalzger, Barbara
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Frauenarchiv
subject: Frauenbewegung
subject: Frauenforschung
subject: Geschlechterforschung
subject: Internationale Vernetzung
subject: Wissensgeschichte
subject: ddc:020

description: Der Beitrag fragt danach, durch welche Praktiken die deutschsprachigen Lesben-/Frauenarchive und -bibliotheken seit Ende der 1970er-Jahre frauen- und geschlechterspezifisches Wissen sammelten und zugänglich machten. An Fallbeispielen wird gezeigt, dass entsprechende Archivpraktiken durch Vernetzungsprozesse gerahmt wurden, da diese zentral waren sowohl für Aufbau und Legitimierung der Einrichtungen als auch für die Erarbeitung geschlechtersensibler Werkzeuge zur Ordnung und Nutzbarmachung des Wissens. Das verwendete Quellenmaterial besteht vornehmlich aus den Protokollen der Archivetreffen seit 1983, wird jedoch durch Zeitzeuginnengespräche ergänzt, um Lücken in der archivischen Überlieferung zu schließen. Das Schlaglicht auf die Archive und Bibliotheken dient als Beispiel dafür, dass eine internationale Vernetzung der „Autonomen Frauenbewegung“ früh begann und unerlässlich für die Entwicklung der Bewegung und ihrer Ziele war. Der Fokus auf die Praktiken zeigt zudem, welche Wege die Akteurinnen nutzen, um Einfluss auch über den Bewegungsraum hinaus auszuüben, z. B. in den Hochschulbetrieb: Bewegungswissen und akademisches Wissen kann so in Dialog gebracht werden.
Constraining the Formation of the Four Terrestrial Planets in the Solar System
Creators: name: Lykawka, Patryk Sofia
name: Ito, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To reproduce the orbits and masses of the terrestrial planets (analogs) of the solar system, most studies scrutinize simulations for success as a batch. However, there is insufficient discussion in the literature on the likelihood of forming planet analogs simultaneously in the same system (analog system). To address this issue, we performed 540 N-body simulations of protoplanetary disks representative of typical models in the literature. We identified a total of 194 analog systems containing at least three analogs, but only 17 systems simultaneously contained analogs of the four terrestrial planets. From an analysis of our analog systems, we found that, compared to the real planets, truncated disks based on typical outcomes of the Grand Tack model produced analogs of Mercury and Mars that were too dynamically cold and located too close to the Venus and Earth analogs. Additionally, all the Mercury analogs were too massive, while most of the Mars analogs were more massive than Mars. Furthermore, the timing of the Moon-forming impact was too early in these systems, and the amount of additional mass accreted after the event was too great. Therefore, such truncated disks cannot explain the formation of the terrestrial planets. Our results suggest that forming the four terrestrial planets requires disks with the following properties: 1) Mass concentrated in narrow core regions between ~0.7-0.9 and ~1.0-1.2 au; 2) an inner region component starting at ~0.3-0.4 au; 3) a less massive component beginning at ~1.0-1.2 au; 4) embryos rather than planetesimals carrying most of the disk mass; and 5) Jupiter and Saturn placed on eccentric orbits.
description: 42 pages, 5 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (Version with a few corrections after checking the proof)
MOESM3 of Effects of antidiabetic drugs on left ventricular function/dysfunction: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Da-Peng
name: Xu, Li
name: Wang, Le-Feng
name: Wang, Hong-Jiang
name: Jiang, Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Treatment rankings.
MODELLING CONSUMER PREFERENCES FOR EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVE OIL: THE ITALIAN CASE
Creators: name: Piccolo, Domenico
name: Capecchi, Stefania
name: Iannario, Maria
name: Corduas, Marcella
name: Piccolo, Domenico
name: Capecchi, Stefania
name: Iannario, Maria
name: Corduas, Marcella
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: consumer satisfaction
subject: extra-virgin olive oil
subject: ordinal data modelling
subject: CUB models

description: The paper summarizes the results of a research project concerning Italian consumers’ preferences as regards extra virgin olive oil and, in particular, it discusses an innovative statistical approach for modelling this type of data. The survey was carried out at the beginning of 2012 and was aimed at investigating the main key drivers of purchasing behaviour. Specifically, a class of models for ordinal data, namely CUB, have been studied in order to describe the importance that respondents assign to a list of intrinsic and extrinsic attributes and the level of agreement that consumers express with a number of statements concerning extra virgin olive oil. The CUB models allow measurement of the influence of the subjects’ covariates and the effect of different eating habits on consumers’ preferences.
Do environmental regulations relating to manure land application limit the geographical concentration of pig farms?
Creators: name: Abildtrup, Jens
name: Gaigné, Carl
name: Larue, Solene
name: Le Gallo, Julie
name: Schmitt, Bertrand
name: Abildtrup, Jens
name: Gaigné, Carl
name: Larue, Solene
name: Le Gallo, Julie
name: Schmitt, Bertrand
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Livestock Production/Industries

description: If the geographical concentration of intensive livestock, notably pig, presents major economic advantages, however, it results in a high concentration of farming effluents, a pollution source. To limit the environmental impacts of such a concentration, public Authorities may be tempted to limit the agglomeration of animal productions. An analysis of the French and Danish hog sectors shows that the environmental rule aiming to limit the quantities of effluents locally sprayed slightly discourage (in France, chiefly) the agglomeration process of production and does not compensate the powerful centripetal force already at work. The implementation of a regulation of effluent management in areas of high animal density even seems to reinforce the role of the geographical proximity between farmers and productivity gains.
Adjoint approach to calculating shape gradients for three-dimensional magnetic confinement equilibria. Part II: Applications
Creators: name: Paul, Elizabeth J.
name: Antonsen,, Thomas
name: Landreman, Matt
name: Cooper, W. Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shape gradient is a local sensitivity function that provides the change in a figure of merit associated with a perturbation to the shape of the object. The shape gradient can be used for gradient-based optimization, sensitivity analysis, and tolerance calculations. However, it is generally expensive to compute from finite-difference derivatives for shapes which are described by many parameters, as is the case for stellarator geometry. In an accompanying work (Antonsen et al. 2019), generalized self-adjointness relations are obtained for MHD equilibria. These describe the relation between perturbed equilibria due to changes in the rotational transform or toroidal current profiles, displacements of the plasma boundary, modifications of currents in the vacuum region, or the addition of bulk forces. These are applied to efficiently compute the shape gradient of functions of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibria with an adjoint approach. In this way, the shape derivative with respect to any perturbation applied to the plasma boundary or coil shapes can be computed with only one additional MHD equilibrium solution. We demonstrate that this approach is applicable for several figures of merit of interest for stellarator configuration optimization: the magnetic well, the magnetic ripple on axis, the departure from quasisymmetry, the effective ripple in the low-collisionality $1/ν$ regime ($ε_{\text{eff}}^{3/2})$ (Nemov et al. 1999), and several finite collisionality neoclassical quantities. Numerical verification is demonstrated for the magnetic well figure of merit with the VMEC code (Hirshman & Whitson 1983) and for the magnetic ripple with modification of the ANIMEC code (Cooper et al. 1992). Comparisons with the direct approach demonstrate that to obtain agreement within several percent, the adjoint approach provides a factor of $\mathcal{O}(10^3)$ in computational savings.
Female unemployment trends in rural areas of Poland in 2008-2012
Creators: name: Rakowska, Joanna
name: Rakowska, Joanna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: rural areas
subject: female unemployment rate
subject: gender gap
subject: global economic crisis

description: This paper, firstly, identifies the scale and spatial differentiation of registered female unemployment in rural areas of Poland, defined according to the new Degree of Urbanisation (DEGURBA) classification of LAU2 regions used in the European Union (EU) for the Labour Force Survey, since the onset of the global economic crisis, and secondly, investigates the reasons for the occurrence of very high female unemployment rates that are either stable or increasing and very high gender gaps in unemployment rates. Quantitative analysis identified 27 rural communes in Poland affected by such problems. Most are situated in the north and several in the south-east of the country, mainly in post-state-owned farming areas. The results of semi-structured telephone interviews with representatives of local authorities of nine of those communes indicate that despite the different locations and different types of LAU2 regions, female unemployment is caused by similar factors: liquidation of state-owned farms not followed by any new job opportunities, peripheral location not attractive for external (out-of-commune) investors, lack of entrepreneurial skills, experience and finance to start own businesses, low income or poverty of inhabitants significantly limiting the purchase of goods and services, thus limiting the demand that could be met by local SMEs, and finally liquidation of enterprises, quite often the only employers in the commune. The problem of female unemployment cannot be solved by local authorities as they lack sufficient legal and financial resources, and needs to be addressed by both the government and the EU within actions of Europe 2020.
description: http://dx.doi.org/10.7896/j.1321
Rate Equations for Sympathetic Cooling of Trapped Bosons or Fermions
Creators: name: Papenbrock, T.
name: Salgueiro, A. N.
name: Weidenmueller, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive two different sets of rate equations for sympathetic cooling of harmonically trapped Bosons or Fermions. The rate equations are obtained from a master equation derived earlier by Lewenstein et al. [Phys. Rev. A 51 (1995) 4617] by means of decoherence and ergodicity arguments. We show analytically that the thermal equilibrium state is a stationary solution of our rate equation. We present analytical results for the rate coefficients which are needed to solve the rate equations, and we give approximate formulae that permit their computation in practice. We solve the two sets of rate equations numerically and compare the results. The cooling times obtained in both approaches agree very well. The equilibration rates show fair agreement.
description: 36 pages, 4 EPS-figures
Determinants of Farmers’ Awareness about Crop Insurance: Evidence from Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya
Creators: name: Olila, Dennis Opiyo
name: Pambo, Kennedy Otieno
name: Olila, Dennis Opiyo
name: Pambo, Kennedy Otieno
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Awareness
subject: crop insurance
subject: logit model
subject: farmers
subject: Kenya

description: Kenya has a long history in applying risk management mechanisms in agriculture. The initial agricultural insurance scheme was initiated by the colonial government in the 1930’s under the Guaranteed Minimum Returns (GMR); a form of crop insurance that guaranteed farmers a minimum price for their produce besides insuring their production against unavoidable crop failure. However, due to its abuse by stakeholders, the government made a decision to discontinue the programme in 1978. For many years after the discontinuation, agricultural insurance was virtually not available in the country. In order to revive the crop insurance industry, the private sector launched ‘Kilimo salama’, meaning safe farming in 2009. However, despite the noble intention to revive the crop insurance industry, a dearth of empirical knowledge exists on factors affecting farmer awareness about crop insurance product. In order to address the aforementioned knowledge gap, a binomial logit model was employed to assess the factors affecting awareness. The core findings of the study were that gender, education, and income of the household were the main determinants of awareness. These findings provide policy insights on key areas of intervention with respect to uptake of crop insurance in the country.
description: Selected paper prepared for oral presentation at the 8th Annual Egerton University International Conference: 26th – 28th March, 2014
title: Frauenbewegung in Bosnien und Herzegowina: Aktivistinnen erinnern sich
Creators: name: Popov-Momčinović, Zlatiborka
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Bosnien und Herzegovina
subject: Ehemaliges Jugoslawien
subject: Erinnerung
subject: Frauenbewegung
subject: Friedensarbeit
subject: Sozialismus
subject: ddc:303

description: Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den Frauenbewegungen in Bosnien und Herzegowina (BuH), einer Gesellschaft, die aufgrund des Krieges von 1992 bis 1995 und der im Friedensabkommen von Dayton festgelegten institutionellen Vereinbarungen oft als ethnisch gespalten beschrieben wird. Ethnonationalistische Eliten treiben historischen Revisionismus und Patriarchalismus voran. Frauen werden als passive Opfer konzipiert und die Kontinuität ihres Aktivismus wird unterdrückt. Dies gilt auch für die Diskurse internationaler Geldgeber, von deren Unterstützung zahlreiche Frauenorganisationen abhängen. Die Autorin analysiert aufgrund ihrer qualitativen Forschung, wie sich die Aktivistinnen an Aktivismus und die Lage der Frauen in verschiedenen historischen Epochen erinnern und auf welche Weise Erinnerung in konkrete Aktivitäten übersetzt wird. Trotz der neuen Schwerpunkte von Aktivistinnen und ihren Organisationen zeigt die Analyse, wie sie einen Bezug zur Zeit des Sozialismus und zu ihrem Friedensengagement während des Krieges und nach dem Krieg aufbauen, um eine kontextualisiertere und autonomere Frauenbewegung in BuH zu schaffen und ihre Rolle als Akteurinnen zu bestätigen und zu stärken.
La transferibilidad de los derechos de pesca y las cuotas individuales: analisis del caso espanol
Creators: name: Gonzalez Laxe, Fernando
name: Gonzalez Laxe, Fernando
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Sector pesquero
subject: derechos propiedad
subject: cuotas y licencias pesca
subject: fishing sector
subject: property rights
subject: fishing quotas and licences

description: There is a clear failure to adapt to the institutional mechanisms with regard to the regulation of fishery resources. management systems based on ITQs have not managed to eliminate the stocks over-exploitation and the over-capitalization in the fishing sector. The possibility to introduce individual transferable quotas in the regulatory mechanisms, that is, the capacity to give and assign every fisherman and individual right to fish a determines quanway to reach a greater valorisation of resource and guarantee biological sustainabilty. On the other hand, it is also highlighted or transferred by their owners, this measure can result in a concentration process, what would not favour social equity. Two questions put at risk the ITQs implementation; the displacement of the capture seasons, and the quasi-privatization of fishery grounds. Nevertheless, its implementation helps to take decisions adjusted to the foreseeable expectations and it avoids certain dysfunctions regarding access conditions to fishing places and fishing possibilities in the aforementioned areas. In Spain, legislation has been progressively adapting to the implementations of the individual transferable fishery rights, with regard to industrial fishing that fishes in community waters, with the aim to keep a more traditonal access system concerning coastal fishing. Law 3/2002 penalises the transferability of fishery rights, although it makes no statements on ITQs. In Europe, after the passing of Common Fishery Policy Reform, the models to develop in the management systems support the ITQs, although there is not a guideline regulation in the sense.
Constraining the $^{12}$C+$^{12}$C astrophysical S-factors with the $^{12}$C+$^{13}$C measurements at very low energies
Creators: name: Zhang, N. T.
name: Wang, X. Y.
name: Chen, H.
name: Chen, Z. J.
name: Lin, W. P.
name: Xin, W. Y.
name: Xu, S. W.
name: Tudor, D.
name: Chilug, A. I.
name: Stefanescu, I. C.
name: Straticiuc, M.
name: Burducea, I.
name: Ghita, D. G.
name: Margineanu, R.
name: Gomoiu, C.
name: Pantelica, A.
name: Chesneanu, D.
name: Trache, L.
name: Tang, X. D.
name: Bucher, B.
name: Gasques, L. R.
name: Hagino, K.
name: Kubono, S.
name: Li, Y. J.
name: Lin, C. J.
name: Umar, A. S.
name: Xu, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use an underground counting lab with an extremely low background to perform an activity measurement for the $^{12}$C+$^{13}$C system with energies down to $E\rm_{c.m.}$=2.323 MeV, at which the $^{12}$C($^{13}$C,$p$)$^{24}$Na cross section is found to be 0.22(7) nb. The $^{12}$C+$^{13}$C fusion cross section is derived with a statistical model calibrated using experimental data. Our new result of the $^{12}$C+$^{13}$C fusion cross section is the first decisive evidence in the carbon isotope systems which rules out the existence of the astrophysical S-factor maximum predicted by the phenomenological hindrance model, while confirming the rising trend of the S-factor towards lower energies predicted by other models, such as CC-M3Y+Rep, DC-TDHF, KNS, SPP and ESW. After normalizing the model predictions with our data, a more reliable upper limit is established for the $^{12}$C+$^{12}$C fusion cross sections at stellar energies.
title: Essays in GMM estimation of dynamic panel data models
Creators: name: Mammi, Irene
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2011
Subjects: HB Economic Theory

description: The aimof thework is twofold. First,we investigate the properties of the dynamic panel data (DPD) GMMestimatorwhen  the instrument count is high. We introduce the extraction of  principal components fromthe instrument matrix as an effective strategy to reduce the number of instruments. Through Monte Carlo experiments, we want to compare the performances of the GMM estimators when the instrument set is factorized, collapsed or limited. Second, we estimate fiscal response functions on simulated panels and on real data to identify the best-performing estimator in this context, where endogeneity and instrument proliferation issues are unavoidable. The dissertation consists of three chapters. The first reviews the literature of DPD estimation and presents the issue of instrument proliferation in DPD GMM estimation. The second introduces the principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the dimension of the instrument matrix and compares the performances of the factorized, limited and collapsed GMM  estimators, finding them similar. Though the simulated models are extremely simplified, the PCA seems to be promising. The third chapter simulates fiscal response functions and investigates the properties of DPD estimators in fiscal rules estimation; the fiscal rules are then estimated on real data for EMU Countries. The system GMM estimator is the best-performing here. Instrument proliferation does not bias the estimates; collapsing and lag truncation of the instrument matrix can lead to misleading results, while the factorized estimator performs well. Discretionary policies within the EMU are systematically found a-cyclical.
Aging and succession on Italian farms
Creators: name: Carillo, Felicetta
name: Carillo, Maria Rosaria
name: Venittelli, Tiziana
name: Zazzaro, Alberto
name: Carillo, Felicetta
name: Carillo, Maria Rosaria
name: Venittelli, Tiziana
name: Zazzaro, Alberto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: farmers’ aging
subject: farms’ succession
subject: intra-family transmission

description: The survival and competitiveness of the agricultural sector is increasingly threatened by the aging process of farmers and farms. In this perspective, the European Union has launched a number of initiatives directed towards favoring the entry of a new generation of young entrepreneurs in the agricultural sector. However, the way in which this transition occurs, whether via intra-family succession or via market transactions, may also have an influence on the economic performance of farms. In this paper, we test the influence of the age of the person who manages the farm and of intra-family succession on the economic performance of Italian farms. Our results indicate that younger farmers overperform and that inherited farms tend to under-perform.
Modelling the Impact of Market Imperfections on Farm Household Investment in Stand-Alone Solar PV.
Creators: name: Abdul-Salam, Yakubu
name: Phimister, Euan
name: Abdul-Salam, Yakubu
name: Phimister, Euan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Agribusiness
Consumer/Household Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In many Sub Saharan Africa countries, access to electricity to electricity is very low in rural areas. For example in Ghana only 27% of rural households have access. However, extending the grid in these countries faces significant technical and financial constraints and many see decentralised systems particularly those using renewable energy as being enormously important. This presupposes the adoption of standalone technologies by a large number of poor farm households who are currently off-grid is likely. However, such households in LDCs typically face a range of market imperfections in credit, product and other markets. This paper explores the potential value of access to electricity for poor agricultural households and the extent to which credit and output market imperfections may inhibit the uptake of stand-alone solar panels using a life cycle farm household simulation model which allows for credit constraints and yield risk.
Use and non-use of a medical library's information resources: where do the non-users get their information?
Creators: name: Graham, Anne E.
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Use and non-use of a medical library's information resources: where do the non-users get their information?
Decentralization of National Transfer Programs: compliance, local revealed equivalence scales, and efficacy of aid
Creators: name: Simons, Andrew M.
name: Simons, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: decentralization
subject: national transfer programs
subject: equivalence scales
subject: targeting
subject: safety nets

description: Numerous national transfer programs around the world are designed with uniform benefit schedules imposed by central governments, but implemented by local governments. The Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) in Ethiopia, the second largest safety net in Sub Saharan Africa, is one such program. First, using variance decomposition techniques, we document local government’s noncompliance to the federally mandated uniform benefit schedule. Second, we find that local governments account for household economies of scale on the intensive margin (actual payouts to households) rather than the extensive margin (which households are selected into the PSNP). Younger children receive lower payments than older children or adults. Lastly, we examine whether noncompliance with federal mandates is more or less poverty reducing than the program would have been under the federally mandated uniform benefit schedule.
Criticality of Spin Systems with Weak Long-Range Interactions
Creators: name: Defenu, Nicolò
name: Codello, Alessandro
name: Ruffo, Stefano
name: Trombettoni, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of critical properties of systems with long-range interactions has attracted in the last decades a continuing interest and motivated the development of several analytical and numerical techniques, in particular in connection with spin models. From the point of view of the investigation of their criticality, a special role is played by systems in which the interactions are long-range enough that their universality class is different from the short-range case and, nevertheless, they maintain the extensivity of thermodynamical quantities. Such interactions are often called weak long-range. In this paper we focus on the study of the critical behaviour of spin systems with weak-long range couplings using renormalization group, and we review their remarkable properties. For the sake of clarity and self-consistency, we start from the classical $O(N)$ spin models and we then move to quantum spin systems.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures, Submitted to the special issue of J. Phys. A on 'Long-range Interactions and Synchronization'
A Split-Population Duration Approach to Understanding Agricultural Banking Survival Strategies during the Late 2000s Recession
Creators: name: Li, Xiaofei
name: Escalante, Cesar L.
name: Epperson, James
name: Li, Xiaofei
name: Escalante, Cesar L.
name: Epperson, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Crisis
subject: Survival Analysis
subject: Bank Failure
subject: Agricultural Banking

description: This paper is designed to identify predictors of eventual bank failure as well as factors that could enhance the survival ability of agricultural and non-agricultural banks. This study utilizes a split-population survival model that addresses two shortcomings of the basic duration model. First, this model departs from the restrictive assumption of the traditional model that all bank observations in the sample would eventually fail. Second, this model provides for a clear distinction between the determinants of the probability of failure and factors influencing the timing of the failure. The results of this study suggest that failure to allow for a split population among sample banks represents an important misspecification with serious implications in identifying the determinants of the timing of bank failure, more than just the probability of failure.
A Unique Oscillation Solution to the Solar Neutrino Problem?
Creators: name: Smy, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A global two-neutrino oscillation fit combining Super-Kamiokande solar neutrino data with the solar neutrino rates measured by Homestake, Gallex/GNO, SAGE and SNO prefers a single allowed area, the Large Mixing Angle solution, at about 95% confidence level. The mass^2 difference between the two mass eigenstates is Delta m^2 approx 3-25 x 10^-5 eV^2, the mixing angle theta is tan^2 theta approx 0.21-0.67.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, to be published in the proceedings of the NOON 2001 workshop
Quantum computing: a view from the enemy camp
Creators: name: Dyakonov, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computing relies on processing information within a quantum system with many continuous degrees of freedom. The practical implementation of this idea requires complete control over all of the 2^n independent amplitudes of a many-particle wavefunction, where n>1000. The principles of quantum computing are discussed from the practical point of view with the conclusion that no working device will be built in the forseeable future.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure. Conference talk, to appear in "Future Trends in Microelectronics: The Nano Millenium", eds. S. Luryi, J. Xu, and A. Zaslavsky, Wiley
title: Verortungen transformierter und transformierender Männlichkeiten – ein theoretischer Beitrag zum Verhältnis von Caring Masculinities und hybriden Männlichkeiten
Creators: name: Pangritz, Johanna M.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Care
subject: Geschlechterverhältnis
subject: Hegemoniale Männlichkeit
subject: Männliche Fürsorge
subject: Männlichkeit
subject: Transformation
subject: ddc:300

description: In unterschiedlichen gesellschaftlichen Bereichen lassen sich in den vergangenen Jahren Transformationen von Männlichkeit(en) beobachten, die u. a. in veränderten Bildungserfolgen von Jungen und im Phänomen der ‚neuen Väter‘ zum Ausdruck kommen. Aktuell zeigen sich verschiedene Erklärungsansätze innerhalb der kritischen Männlichkeitsforschung, um einen Wandel von Männlichkeit(en) beschreiben zu können. Vor allem werden diesbezüglich die beiden als konträr zueinander erscheinenden Ansätze der Caring Masculinities und hybriden Männlichkeit(en) diskutiert. Dabei verweisen empirische Erkenntnisse aus dem Feld fürsorgender Männlichkeiten darauf, dass auch Caring Masculinities im Sinne hybrider Männlichkeiten gedacht werden können, indem sie zur Aufrechterhaltung hegemonialer Männlichkeit beitragen. Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich dementsprechend mit der Konkretisierung der beiden theoretischen Ansätze und liefert erste Anknüpfungspunkte für eine mögliche Zusammenführung, indem Care als wesentliches Element herausgestellt wird.
Unsupervised Language Acquisition: Theory and Practice
Creators: name: Clark, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; I.2.7

description: In this thesis I present various algorithms for the unsupervised machine learning of aspects of natural languages using a variety of statistical models. The scientific object of the work is to examine the validity of the so-called Argument from the Poverty of the Stimulus advanced in favour of the proposition that humans have language-specific innate knowledge. I start by examining an a priori argument based on Gold's theorem, that purports to prove that natural languages cannot be learned, and some formal issues related to the choice of statistical grammars rather than symbolic grammars. I present three novel algorithms for learning various parts of natural languages: first, an algorithm for the induction of syntactic categories from unlabelled text using distributional information, that can deal with ambiguous and rare words; secondly, a set of algorithms for learning morphological processes in a variety of languages, including languages such as Arabic with non-concatenative morphology; thirdly an algorithm for the unsupervised induction of a context-free grammar from tagged text. I carefully examine the interaction between the various components, and show how these algorithms can form the basis for a empiricist model of language acquisition. I therefore conclude that the Argument from the Poverty of the Stimulus is unsupported by the evidence.
description: D. Phil., 196 pages
A comparison of innovation in the Scottish livestock sector: the case of genetic selection techniques
Creators: name: Borthwick, F. A.
name: Barnes, Andrew Peter
name: Lamprinopoulou-Kranis, Chrysa
name: Borthwick, F. A.
name: Barnes, Andrew Peter
name: Lamprinopoulou-Kranis, Chrysa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Innovation systems
subject: Estimated Breed Values
subject: Dairy
subject: Beef
subject: Sheep
subject: Systemic failures

description: This paper compares innovation systems in three main Scottish livestock sectors: dairy, beef, and sheep, using the uptake of Estimated Breed Values (EBVs) across these three sectors. We apply an innovation systems approach to identify systemic challenges within these sectors. Barriers to the adoption of genetic techniques in all three sectors were identified through interviews with national experts and via a stakeholder workshop. Three types of barrier emerged: practical barriers – such as low fertility rates for artificial insemination in sheep; social barriers such as farmer’s scepticism; and market/supply chain barriers, such as limited information flow to farmers within the beef and sheep sectors. We use the innovation system failures framework developed by Weber and Rohracherb (2012) to identify the broad failures within these sectors such as information asymmetries, infrastructure and institutional failures. We show the dairy sector avoids some of these challenges, particularly practical barriers, and market/supply chain barriers. The attributes of the dairy innovation system which enable this are discussed such as data collection management, information on bulls frequently published, and the involvement of breed societies. Finally, solutions are suggested to resolve these innovation systems failures in the livestock sectors.
MOESM1 of Adult mental health provision in England: a national survey of acute day units
Creators: name: Lamb, Danielle
name: Davidson, Michael
name: Brynmor Lloyd-Evans
name: Johnson, Sonia
name: Heinkel, Samira
name: Steare, Thomas
name: Pinfold, Vanessa
name: Weich, Scott
name: Morant, Nicola
name: Kirkbride, James
name: Marston, Louise
name: Canaway, Alastair
name: Madan, Jason
name: Osborn, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Ranking of ADU characteristics for cluster analysis. Table S2. Model 1 cluster details for variables 1, 4, and 5. Table S3. Model 1 cluster details for variable 2 (service provider). Table S4. Model 1 cluster details for variable 3 (client group). Table S5. Model 2 cluster details for variables 1, 4, 5, and 6. Table S6. Model 2 cluster details for variable 3 (client group).
Consumer willingness to pay for genetically modified potatoes in Ireland: an experimental auction approach
Creators: name: Thorne, F.
name: Loughran, D.
name: Fox, S.
name: Mullins, E.
name: Wallace, M.
name: Thorne, F.
name: Loughran, D.
name: Fox, S.
name: Mullins, E.
name: Wallace, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade
Political Economy
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The introduction of genetically modified (GM) crops to Europe has been a significant source of tension among EU member states. While the political landscape is much divided there is also much unknown at the consumer level. The question of whether European consumers want GM foods made available to them or not has yet to be answered definitively. Hence, this research is considered timely; the objective is to examine willingness to pay (either a positive or negative amount) for GM Late Blight resistant (GMLBR) potatoes in Ireland. The methods used in this study serve as a new departure in the experimental auctions literature, whereby willingness to purchase bids for a new technology can have a positive and negative value in a single experiment. The results show that the majority of consumers’ that participated in the experiment derived a greater utility from the conventional potato product compared to the GM potato product when priced at equivalent values. 3 out of 4 participants required the GM product to be priced at a discount in order for the utility to be derived from the GM product to be the same as the utility derived from the conventional product. However, the findings from this research would indicate that if the entry price point for the GMLBR potato product was correctly positioned then a market for the product could exist. Further investigation of the factors that influenced the participants’ willingness to purchase the GMLBR potato indicated that education level, presence of children in the household and frequency of potato purchases significantly affected the purchase decision.
Visions of ep physics
Creators: name: Foster, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The subject of lepton-hadron scattering is discussed from its earliest beginnings, concentrating on what we have learnt from the HERA electron-proton storage ring. A brief selection of the HERA I results most relevant to LHC are discussed. The HERA and ZEUS upgrades are outlined, together with the HERA II physics programme. The impact of HERA results on LHC is discussed, in particular in the areas of luminosity measurement, background estimates and possible signatures of new physics. Finally, possible future developments in lepton-proton physics beyond HERA II are discussed.
description: 27 pages, 19 figures. Talk presented at the LHC01 Conference, Sardinia, October 25-27, 2001