cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
H, not O or pressure, causes eutectic T depression in the Fe-FeS System to 8 GPa
Creators: name: Buono, Antonio S.
name: Walker, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Planets--Geology
subject: Planetary science
subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Eutectics

description: The Fe-FeS system maintains a eutectic temperature of 990 ± 10 °C to at least 8 GPa if starting materials and pressure media are rigorously dehydrated. Literature reports of pressure-induced freezing point depression of the eutectic for the Fe-FeS system are not confirmed. Modest addition of oxygen alone is confirmed to cause negligible freezing point depression at 6 GPa. Addition of H alone causes a progressive decrease in the eutectic temperature with P in the Fe-FeS-H system to below 965 °C at 6 GPa to below 950 °C at 8 GPa. It is our hypothesis that moisture contamination in unrigorously dried experiments may be an H source for freezing point depression. O released from H₂O disproportionation reacts with Fe and is sequestered as ferropericlase along the sample capsules walls, leaving the H to escape the system and/or enter the Fe-FeS mixture. The observed occurrence of ferropericlase on undried MgO capsule margins is otherwise difficult to explain, because an alternate source for the oxygen in the ferropericlase layer is difficult to identify. This study questions the use of pressure-depressed Fe-S eutectic temperatures and suggests that the lower eutectic temperatures sometimes reported are achieved by moving into the ternary Fe-S-H system. These results adjust slightly the constraints on eutectic temperatures allowed for partly solidified cores on small planets. H substantially diminishes the temperature extent of the melting interval in Fe-S by reducing the melting points of the crystalline phases more than it depresses the eutectic.
Early break-up of the Norwegian Channel Ice Stream during the Last Glacial Maximum
Creators: name: Svendsen, John Inge
name: Briner, Jason P.
name: Mangerud, Jan
name: Young, Nicolas E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Glaciers
subject: Cosmogenic nuclides
subject: Paleoclimatology
subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geomorphology

description: We present 18 new cosmogenic ¹⁰Be exposure ages that constrain the breakup time of the Norwegian Channel Ice Stream (NCIS) and the initial retreat of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet from the Southwest coast of Norway following the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Seven samples from glacially transported erratics on the island Utsira, located in the path of the NCIS about 400 km up-flow from the LGM ice front position, yielded an average ¹⁰Be age of 22.0 ± 2.0 ka. The distribution of the ages is skewed with the 4 youngest all within the range 20.2–20.8 ka. We place most confidence on this cluster of ages to constrain the timing of ice sheet retreat as we suspect the 3 oldest ages have some inheritance from a previous ice free period. Three additional ages from the adjacent island Karmøy provided an average age of 20.9 ± 0.7 ka, further supporting the new timing of retreat for the NCIS. The ¹⁰Be ages from Utsira and Karmøy suggest that the ice stream broke up about 2000 years earlier than the age assignment based on ¹⁴C ages on foraminifera and molluscs from marine sediment cores. We postulate that the Scandinavian Ice Sheet flowed across the Norwegian Channel to Denmark and onto the North Sea plateau during early phases of the LGM. When the NCIS started to operate this ice supply to the North Sea was cut off and the fast flow of the NCIS also led to a lowering of the ice surface along the Norwegian Channel and thereby drawdown of the entire ice sheet. This facilitated rapid calving of the ice front in the North Sea and we reconstruct a large open bay across the entire northern North Sea by ∼20 ka based on our ¹⁰Be ages in the east and radiocarbon ages from marine cores in the west. Additional ¹⁰Be ages show that the mainland slightly east of the islands Utsira and Karmøy remained ice covered until about 16 ka, indicating almost no net ice-margin retreat for the 4000 years between 20 and 16 ka. After 16 ka the ice margin retreated quickly up-fjord.
On the importance of Open Science and RDM. Rationale, tools and European Issues
Creators: name: Pavone, Gina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Science
Interoperability
OpenOrgs
Information disambiguation

description: Presentation given during the webinar "Research Data: European Perspectives", held on 23 March 2023 and organized by the University of Lille, France.
J/ψ,Υ(1S) and χb(3p) Production Measurement with the ATLAS Detector
Creators: name: Wang, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 074220

description: The J/ψ and Υ(1S) production cross-sections are measured in proton-proton collisions using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Differential cross-sections are measured as a function of transverse momentum and rapidity. Results are compared to QCD predictions. A new χb state has been observed though radiative transitions to the Υ(1S) and Υ(2S) states.
description: 5 pages, 12 figures, BEACH 2012, proceeding
title: Acute abdomen secondary to intestinal perforation by an ingestion of a foreign body
Creators: name: Vieira Morais, Maysa
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Emergency
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Complications
subject: Intraoperative
subject: Surgery
subject: Acute
subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 53-year-old woman with known Crohn's disease arrived at the emergency department with a two-day history of right lower quadrant abdominal pain and distention, loss of appetite, prostration and vomiting with food and bile content. Blood test revealed leukocytosis and elevated C- reactive protein.

description: 53 years, female
ynogkm: A New Public Code For Calculating time-like Geodesics In The Kerr-Newmann Spacetime
Creators: name: Yang, Xiao-lin
name: Wang, Jian-cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a new public code, named $ynogkm$, for the fast calculation of time-like geodesics in the Kerr-Newmann (K-N) spacetime, which is a direct extension of $ynogk$ calculating null geodesics in a Kerr spacetime. Following the strategies used in $ynogk$, we also solve the equations of motion analytically and semi-analytically by using Weierstrass' and Jacobi's elliptic functions and integrals, in which the Boyer-Lidquist (B-L) coordinates $r$, $θ$, $ϕ$, $t$ and the proper time $σ$ are expressed as functions of an independent variable $p$ (Mino time). All of the elliptic integrals are computed by Carlson's elliptic integral method, which guarantees the fast speed of the code. Finally the code is applied to a couple of toy problems.
description: 14 pages,12 figures, 7 tables, and a public code ynogkm is presented. Accepted for publication by A&A. comments are welcome
Palladium Catalyzed Domino Sonogashira Coupling of 2-Chloro-3-(Chloromethyl)Quinolines with Terminal Acetylenes Followed by Dimerization
Creators: name: Shiri, Morteza
name: Gholami-Koupaei, Zahra
name: Kaffash, Simin
name: Yasaei, Zahra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: 30207 Transition Metal Chemistry
subject: 30306 Synthesis of Materials

description: A domino Sonogashira coupling of 2-chloro-3-(chloromethyl)quinolines and terminal acetylenes and then dimerization is described. This palladium-catalyzed reaction gave novel dimer quinolinium salts in good to high yield. Based on empirical evidence, a plausible mechanism was provided. The produced quinolinium salt are amenable to further synthetic elaborations such as reactions with phenoxide and thiophenoxide to yield the corresponding ether and thioether.
Industrial Democracy: a Study of Labor Payment, Conditions, and Tendencies
Creators: name: MacFarlane, Donald Peter
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1926
Subjects: Engineering
Engineering and Economics

description: Since the beginning of human relations, some of the more ambitious and more capable members of society have by various means found and practiced methods of exploiting the efforts of their fellowmen to their own personal interest.  These individuals have been naturally gifted at organization and control and have been able to dominate their slower, less mentally active associates.  It is a cumulative process, once having been started the act of further subjugation becoming easier and easier as the clever person gets more and more control over the other.
The Turing Way: A Collaborative Guide to Data Science and Research
Creators: name: Batchelor, Sophia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open science
reproducibility

description: Presentation to University of Leeds Reproducibili-Tea on The Turing Way and developing collaborative, community led resources. The Turing Way is an open source community-driven guide to reproducible, ethical, inclusive and collaborative data science. The Turing Way book is collaboratively developed by its diverse community of researchers, learners, educators, and other stakeholders.
description: {"references": ["The Turing Way Community. (2022). The Turing Way: A handbook for reproducible, ethical and collaborative research (1.0.2). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6909298"]}
title: Working on a dream
Creators: name: Winter, Lizzie
name: McAlpine, Jacqui
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2011

description: As one of the partners of the project, Seven Doors approached The University of Edinburgh to offer the opportunity to a student to conduct a piece of work within the project. As one of the authors was considering options for her thesis for MSc Childhood Studies, she conducted an ethnographic study of the project, focusing on the experiences, views and opinions of young people and care staff participating in the project, and this produced some of the results which will be discussed in this paper.
Effective Collaboration in a Distributed World
Creators: name: Batchelor, Sophia
name: Karoune, Emma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Collaboration
Open source
Open research
GitHub
Workshop

description: This workshop was given on the 11th October 2022 for the 2022 cohort of Turing enrichment students. It includes an introduction to collaborative tools, practices and systems, an introduction to GitHub basics, and then a section on contributing to The Turing Way. Slides have been adapted from Turing way workshops given at CarpentryCon - DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7037658 and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6997522
Bioactives from microalgae: A review on process intensifcation using hydrodynamic cavitation
Creators: name: Mittal, Rochak
name: RANADE, VIVEK
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Microalgae are emerging as an important renewable and sustainable source of high-value biomolecules having applications in food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, agrochemicals and fuel industries. Deriving high-value biomolecules from micro-algae however faces numerous process and technological challenges. It is essential to develop innovative ways of intensifying processes used for valorising microalgae. Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) ofers an attractive platform for process intensifcation relevant to microalgae because of its scalability, ability to handle dense slurries, intense physicochemical efects, and low cost. Here we briefy review the overall processes involved in deriving high-value biomolecules from micro-algae. Opportunities for intensifying these processes and enhancing productivity of processing microalgae via HC are then identifed and critically reviewed. The current state of the art and yet unresolved challenges are highlighted. An attempt is made to identify specifc suggestions to help direct future research eforts. The review will be useful for researchers and practitioners aiming to harness HC for deriving high-value products from microalgae.
Timing and mechanism for intratest Mg/Ca variability in a living planktic foraminifer
Creators: name: Spero, Howard J.
name: Eggins, Stephen M.
name: Russell, Ann D.
name: Vetter, Lael
name: Kilburn, Matt R.
name: Hoenisch, Baerbel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Paleoceanography
subject: Chemical oceanography--Methodology
subject: Foraminifera, Fossil
subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical oceanography

description: Geochemical observations indicate that planktic foraminifer test Mg/Ca is heterogeneous in many species, thereby challenging its use as a paleotemperature proxy for paleoceanographic reconstructions. We present Mg/Ca and Ba/Ca data collected by laser ablation ICP-MS from the shells of Orbulina universa cultured in controlled laboratory experiments. Test calcite was labeled with Ba-spiked seawater for 12 h day or night calcification periods to quantify the timing of intratest Mg-banding across multiple diurnal cycles. Results demonstrate that high Mg bands are precipitated during the night whereas low Mg bands are precipitated during the day. Data obtained from specimens growing at 20 °C and 25 °C show that Mg/Ca ratios in both high and low Mg bands increase with temperature, and average test Mg/Ca ratios are in excellent agreement with previously published empirical calibrations based on bulk solution ICP-MS analyses. In general, Mg band concentrations decrease with increasing pH and/or [CO2−3] but this effect decreases as experimental temperatures increase from 20 °C to 25 °C. We suggest that mitochondrial uptake of Mg2+ from the thin calcifying fluid beneath streaming rhizopodial filaments may provide the primary locus for Mg2+ removal during test calcification, and that diurnal variations in either mitochondrial density or activity produce Mg banding. These results demonstrate that Mg banding is an inherent component of test biomineralization in O. universa and show that the Mg/Ca paleothermometer remains a fundamental tool for reconstructing past ocean temperatures from fossil foraminifers.
GEOCHEMISTRY AND U-Pb GEOCHRONOLOGY OF COLUMBITE OF THE CACHOEIRINHA DEPOSIT, RONDÔNIA TIN PROVINCE, BRAZIL
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Guilherme
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geology
subject: Earth Sciences

description: The Cachoeirinha Sn ± (Nb-Ta) deposit is an important producer of the Rondônia Tin Province. It is inserted in the regional unit named Rondônia Intrusive Suite (995-956 Ma) and hosts granular accumulations of columbite group minerals (CGM) embedded in thick Cenozoic colluvial-alluvial covers. Cachoeirinha CGM have subrounded to angular in shape, with irregular to regular internal zoning, micro-inclusion and exsolution features. They have Fe-columbite as dominant mineral-phase, but with variation in the Ta/(Ta+Nb) ratio and with Sn, Ti, W, U, Ba, Cr, REE, and V as chemical impurities. It has high total REE content (LREE depleted, HREE NN enriched, Ce and Eu anomalies), δ18O = 2.78 ‰, and with two U-Pb age groups: 1052 ± 6 Ma and 909 ± 7 Ma. This information indicates that physico-chemical oscillations favored to the ionic substitutions and resorption mechanisms between Nb ↔ Ta, as well as coupled substitutions with the entry of geochemical impurities, according to equation: 3(Sn, Ti, U, Si)4+ + (W, Cr)6+ ↔ 2(V, Nb, Ta)5+ + 2(Al, REE)3+ + (Fe, Mn, Ba)2+, at the temperature range between 400o - 500oC. Finally, the Cachoeirinha Sn ± (Nb-Ta) alluvial deposit host ore related to at least two Neo-Mesoproterozoic magmatic pulses
Electromigration of bivalent functional groups on graphene
Creators: name: Velizhanin, Kirill A.
name: Dandu, Naveen
name: Solenov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chemical functionalization of graphene holds promise for various applications ranging from nanoelectronics to catalysis, drug delivery, and nano-assembly. In many of these applications it is critical to assess the rates of electromigration - directed motion of adsorbates along the surface of current-carrying graphene due to the electron wind force. In this paper, we develop an accurate analytical theory of electromigration of bivalent functional groups (epoxide, amine) on graphene. Specifically, we carefully analyze various factors contributing to the electron wind force, such as lattice effects and strong scattering beyond Born approximation, and derive a simple analytical expression for this force. Further, we perform accurate electronic structure theory calculations to parameterize the obtained analytical expression. The obtained results can be generalized to different functional groups and adsorbates, e.g., alkali atoms on graphene.
description: accepted to Phys. Rev. B
Commercial Testing of Concrete
Creators: name: McCarter, Kenneth C.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1926
Subjects: subject: Civil Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The material included within this report is the result of a series of tests of concrete specimens taken during the construction of various buildings in the cities of Pasadena and Los Angeles over a period of eight months.

The object of the problem is to determine the effect of the water ratio on the ultimate strength of the concrete as obtained from data observed and recorded from specimens taken from actual building practice rather than that from laboratory specimens made under ideal, or at least more nearly standard conditions.
Influence of Money Upon the Social Organization
Creators: name: Coleman, Theodore Cleaveland
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1926
Subjects: Engineering
Engineering and Economics

description: The extraordinary importance that has been attached to money throughout the ages may be appreciated when such modern writers as Alexander Delmar suggest that the history of money is the history of civilization.  While this view is not accepted by most writers of the subject, all are nevertheless agreed that money plays a role of enormous importance in the affairs of men.  Even in the classics are found quotations which stress this importance of the pecuniary unit upon ethical as well as economic standards.
Evidence for flow in pPb collisions at 5 TeV from v2 mass splitting
Creators: name: Werner, K.
name: Bleicher, M.
name: Guiot, B.
name: Karpenko, Iu.
name: Pierog, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a fluid dynamical scenario describes quantitatively the observed mass splitting of the elliptical flow coefficients v2 for pions, kaons, and protons. This provides a strong argument in favor of the existence of a fluid dynamical expansion in pPb collisions at 5TeV.
Global modeling of tropospheric chemistry with assimilated meteorology: Model description and evaluation
Creators: name: Jacob, Daniel J.
name: Yantosca, Robert M.
name: Bey, Isabelle
name: Logan, Jennifer A.
name: Field, Brendan D.
name: Fiore, Arlene M.
name: Li, Qinbin
name: Liu, Honguy Y.
name: Mickley, Loretta J.
name: Schultz, Martin G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Atmospheric physics
Tropospheric chemistry--Mathematical models
Meteorology
Climatic changes
Atmospheric chemistry

description: We present a first description and evaluation of GEOS-CHEM, a global threedimensional (3-D) model of tropospheric chemistry driven by assimilated meteorological observations from the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) of the NASA Data Assimilation Office (DAO). The model is applied to a 1-year simulation of tropospheric ozone-NOx-hydrocarbon chemistry for 1994, and is evaluated with observations both for 1994 and for other years. It reproduces usually to within 10 ppb the concentrations of ozone observed from the worldwide ozonesonde data network. It simulates correctly the seasonal phases and amplitudes of ozone concentrations for different regions and altitudes, but tends to underestimate the seasonal amplitude at northern midlatitudes. Observed concentrations of NO and peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN) observed in aircraft campaigns are generally reproduced to within a factor of 2 and often much better. Concentrations of HNO3 in the remote troposphere are overestimated typically by a factor of 2–3, a common problem in global models that may reflect a combination of insufficient precipitation scavenging and gas-aerosol partitioning not resolved by the model. The model yields an atmospheric lifetime of methylchloroform (proxy for global OH) of 5.1 years, as compared to a best estimate from observations of 5.5 +/− 0.8 years, and simulates H2O2 concentrations observed from aircraft with significant regional disagreements but no global bias. The OH concentrations are ∼20% higher than in our previous global 3-D model which included an UV-absorbing aerosol. Concentrations of CO tend to be underestimated by the model, often by 10–30 ppb, which could reflect a combination of excessive OH (a 20% decrease in model OH could be accommodated by the methylchloroform constraint) and an underestimate of CO sources (particularly biogenic). The model underestimates observed acetone concentrations over the South Pacific in fall by a factor of 3; a missing source from the ocean may be implicated.
Climate variability modulates western US ozone air quality in spring via deep stratospheric intrusions
Creators: name: Lin, Meiyun
name: Fiore, Arlene M.
name: Horowitz, Larry W.
name: Langford, Andrew O.
name: Oltmans, Samuel J.
name: Tarasick, David
name: Rieder, Harald
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Air quality management
Stratospheric circulation
Atmospheric chemistry--Mathematical models
Meteorology
Climatic changes

description: Evidence suggests deep stratospheric intrusions can elevate western US surface ozone to unhealthy levels during spring. These intrusions can be classified as ‘exceptional events’, which are not counted towards non-attainment determinations. Understanding the factors driving the year-to-year variability of these intrusions is thus relevant for effective implementation of the US ozone air quality standard. Here we use observations and model simulations to link these events to modes of climate variability. We show more frequent late spring stratospheric intrusions when the polar jet meanders towards the western United States, such as occurs following strong La Niña winters (Niño3.4
Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of 3-(Hetero)Arylpropynamides from gem-Dibromoalkenes and Isocyanides
Creators: name: Shiri, Morteza
name: Salehi, Parvin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: 30207 Transition Metal Chemistry
subject: 30306 Synthesis of Materials

description: An alternative method related to the formation of 3(hetero)arylpropynamides using palladium/Cs2CO3, the regiochemically-controlled coupling of isocyanides with 1,1dibromo-1-alkenes is described.
On pricing kernels, information and risk
Creators: name: Wilcox, D. L.
name: Gebbie, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We discuss the finding that cross-sectional characteristic based models have yielded portfolios with higher excess monthly returns but lower risk than their arbitrage pricing theory counterparts in an analysis of equity returns of stocks listed on the JSE. Under the assumption of general no-arbitrage conditions, we argue that evidence in favour of characteristic based pricing implies that information is more likely assimilated by means of nonlinear pricing kernels for the markets considered.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
What caused terrestrial dust loading and climate downturns between A.D. 533 and 540?
Creators: name: Abbott, Dallas Helen
name: Breger, Dee Lewis
name: Biscaye, Pierre E.
name: Barron, John A.
name: Juhl, Robert A.
name: McCafferty, Patrick
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Ice cores
subject: Paleoclimatology
subject: Comets--Environmental aspects
subject: Mass extinctions
subject: Atmospheric chemistry
subject: Atmosphere
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Sn-rich particles, Ni-rich particles, and cosmic spherules are found together at four discrete stratigraphic levels within the 362-360 m depth interval of the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core (72.6°N, 38.5°W, elevation: 3203 m). Using a previously derived calendar-year time scale, these particles span a time of increased dust loading of Earth's atmosphere between A.D. 533 and 540. The Sn-rich and Ni-rich particles contain an average of 10–11 wt% C. Their high C contents coupled with local enrichments in the volatile elements I, Zn, Cu, and Xe suggest a cometary source for the dust. The late spring timing of extraterrestrial input best matches the Eta Aquarid meteor shower associated with comet 1P/Halley. An increased flux of cometary dust might explain a modest climate downturn in A.D. 533. Both cometary dust and volcanic sulfate probably contributed to the profound global dimming during A.D. 536 and 537 but may be insufficient sources of fine aerosols. We found tropical marine microfossils and aerosol-sized CaCO3 particles at the end A.D. 535–start A.D. 536 level that we attribute to a low-latitude explosion in the ocean. This additional source of dust is probably needed to explain the solar dimming during A.D. 536 and 537. Although there has been no extinction documented at A.D. 536, our results are relevant because mass extinctions may also have multiple drivers. Detailed examinations of fine particles at and near extinction horizons can help to determine the relative contributions of cosmic and volcanic drivers to mass extinctions.
Preparation and Attempted Resolution of Benzoyl-Malic Acid
Creators: name: Wisegarver, Burnett Blanchard
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1926
Subjects: subject: Chemical Engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: The final object of this research was to prepare m-nitrobenzoyl malic acid and to separate it, if possible, into the four stereoisomers predicted by the Huggins' theory of the benzene ring. Inasmuch as the quantity of m-nitro-benzoyl chloride available was limited it was thought better to first prepare i-benzoyl malic acid and then attempt to resolve it. The resolution of m-nitrobenzoyl malic acid could probably be accomplished by a similar method.
title: Large retroareolar solitary intraductal papilloma of the breast extending into the nipple
Creators: name: Borges, Ana Paula Silva
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Breast imaging
subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Galactography
subject: Surgery
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Surgery
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 48-year-old premenopausal woman presented with unilateral spontaneous serohematic left nipple discharge for 12 months, painless. She had a healthy child, having breast fed for 2 months. She denied relevant past medical history, daily medications, allergies, or family history of cancers. 

At examination, left nipple was hypertrophied, with hemorrhagic single-pore discharge. 

description: 48 years, female
A Smart Wizard System Suitable for Use With Internet Mobile Devices to Adjust Personal Information Privacy Settings
Creators: name: Aldhafferi, Nahier
name: Watson, Charles
name: Sajeev, A. S. M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The privacy of personal information is an important issue affecting the confidence of internet users. The widespread adoption of online social networks and access to these platforms using mobile devices has encouraged developers to make the systems and interfaces acceptable to users who seek privacy. The aim of this study is to test a wizard that allows users to control the sharing of personal information with others. We also assess the concerns of users in terms of such sharing such as whether to hide personal data in current online social network accounts. Survey results showed the wizard worked very well and that females concealed more personal information than did males. In addition, most users who were concerned about misuse of personal information hid those items. The results can be used to upgrade current privacy systems or to design new systems that work on mobile internet devices. The system can also be used to save time when setting personal privacy settings and makes users more aware of items that will be shared with others.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
title: Endobronchial valve placement in patient with a broncho-pleuro-cutaneous fistula
Creators: name: Lautt, Wyatt
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 62-year-old woman with non-small cell lung cancer in her right lung post-radiation and chemotherapy presented to the emergency department after a fall resulting in dyspnea. Imaging revealed subcutaneous emphysema likely secondary to a right-sided pneumothorax. A thoracostomy was performed, but her subcutaneous emphysema did not improve.

description: 62 years, female
Computer-assisted challenge point treatment (McAllister et al., 2020)
Creators: name: McAllister, Tara
name: Hitchcock, Elaine R.
name: Ortiz, Jose A.
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170204 Linguistic Processes (incl. Speech Production and Comprehension)
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Purpose: This preliminary case series investigated the effects of biofeedback intervention for residual rhotic errors delivered within a modified challenge point framework. In the challenge point framework, practice difficulty is adaptively adjusted with the goal of enhancing generalization learning. This study more specifically evaluated the feasibility of a computer-mediated implementation of challenge point treatment for rhotic errors using a custom open-source software, the Challenge Point Program.Method: Participants were five native English speakers, ages 7;3–15;5 (years;months), who had established but not generalized correct rhotic production in previous treatment; overall treatment duration was flexible. Treatment incorporated either electropalatographic or visual-acoustic biofeedback and was structured by challenge point principles implemented using the Challenge Point Program software.Results: Participants were highly variable in the magnitude of generalization gains attained. However, the median overall effect size was 4.24, suggesting that participants' response in treatment tended to exceed the minimum value considered clinically significant.Conclusion: These findings provide preliminary evidence that computer-mediated implementation of the challenge point framework can be effective in producing generalization in some participants.
Online Supplement A. Words and sentences elicited in baseline and maintenance probes. Words with * were also elicited in subset probe at the start of each treatment session.
Online Supplement B. Words used in treatment, with corresponding level descriptions. Shading is used to demarcate boundaries between different complexity levels.
McAllister, T., Hitchcock, E. R., & Ortiz, J. A. (2020). Computer-assisted challenge point intervention for residual speech errors. Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_PERSP-20-00191
Multimodel simulations of carbon monoxide: Comparison with observations and projected near-future changes
Creators: name: Shindell, D. T.
name: Faluvegi, Gregory S.
name: Stevenson, D. S.
name: Krol, M. C.
name: Emmons, L. K.
name: Lamarque, J. F.
name: Pétron, G.
name: Dentener, F. J.
name: Ellingsen, K.
name: Schultz, M. G.
name: Wild, O.
name: Amann, M.
name: Atherton, C. S.
name: Bergmann, D. J.
name: Bey, I.
name: Butler, T.
name: Cofala, J.
name: Collins, W. J.
name: Derwent, R. G.
name: Doherty, R. M.
name: Drevet, J.
name: Eskes, H. J.
name: Fiore, Arlene M.
name: Gauss, M.
name: Hauglustaine, D. A.
name: Horowitz, L. W.
name: Isaksen, I. S. A.
name: Lawrence, M. G.
name: Montanaro, V.
name: Müller, J. F.
name: Pitari, G.
name: Prather, M. J.
name: Pyle, J. A.
name: Rast, S.
name: Rodriguez, J. M.
name: Sanderson, M. G.
name: Savage, N. H.
name: Strahan, S. E.
name: Sudo, K.
name: Szopa, S.
name: Unger, N.
name: Van Noije, T. P. C.
name: Zeng, G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Climatic changes--Forecasting
Carbon monoxide
Air quality management
Atmospheric chemistry--Mathematical models
Meteorology
Climatic changes
Atmospheric chemistry

description: We analyze present-day and future carbon monoxide (CO) simulations in 26 state-of-the-art atmospheric chemistry models run to study future air quality and climate change. In comparison with near-global satellite observations from the MOPITT instrument and local surface measurements, the models show large underestimates of Northern Hemisphere (NH) extratropical CO, while typically performing reasonably well elsewhere. The results suggest that year-round emissions, probably from fossil fuel burning in east Asia and seasonal biomass burning emissions in south-central Africa, are greatly underestimated in current inventories such as IIASA and EDGAR3.2. Variability among models is large, likely resulting primarily from intermodel differences in representations and emissions of nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) and in hydrologic cycles, which affect OH and soluble hydrocarbon intermediates. Global mean projections of the 2030 CO response to emissions changes are quite robust. Global mean midtropospheric (500 hPa) CO increases by 12.6 ± 3.5 ppbv (16%) for the high-emissions (A2) scenario, by 1.7 ± 1.8 ppbv (2%) for the midrange (CLE) scenario, and decreases by 8.1 ± 2.3 ppbv (11%) for the low-emissions (MFR) scenario. Projected 2030 climate changes decrease global 500 hPa CO by 1.4 ± 1.4 ppbv. Local changes can be much larger. In response to climate change, substantial effects are seen in the tropics, but intermodel variability is quite large. The regional CO responses to emissions changes are robust across models, however. These range from decreases of 10–20 ppbv over much of the industrialized NH for the CLE scenario to CO increases worldwide and year-round under A2, with the largest changes over central Africa (20–30 ppbv), southern Brazil (20–35 ppbv) and south and east Asia (30–70 ppbv). The trajectory of future emissions thus has the potential to profoundly affect air quality over most of the world's populated areas.
Cosmological constraints on interacting dark energy with redshift-space distortion after Planck data
Creators: name: Yang, Weiqiang
name: Xu, Lixin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interacting dark energy model could propose a effective way to avoid the coincidence problem. In this paper, dark energy is taken as a fluid with a constant equation of state parameter $w_x$. In a general gauge, we could obtain two sets of different perturbation equations when the momentum transfer potential is vanished in the rest frame of dark matter or dark energy. There are many kinds of interacting forms from the phenomenological considerations, here, we choose $Q=3Hξ_xρ_x$ which owns the stable perturbations in most cases. Then, according to the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, we constrain the model by currently available cosmic observations which include cosmic microwave background radiation, baryon acoustic oscillation, type Ia supernovae, and $fσ_8(z)$ data points from redshift-space distortion. Jointing the geometry tests with the large scale structure information, the results show a tighter constraint on the interacting model than the case without $fσ_8(z)$ data. We find the interaction rate in 3$σ$ regions: $ξ_x=0.00372_{-0.00372- 0.00372-0.00372}^{+0.000768+0.00655+0.0102}$. It means that the recently cosmic observations favor a small interaction rate between the dark sectors, at the same time, the measurement of redshift-space distortion could rule out a large interaction rate in the 1$σ$ region.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
A new precise mass for the progenitor of the Type IIP SN 2008bk
Creators: name: Maund, J. R.
name: Mattila, S.
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, E.
name: Eldridge, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The progenitor of the Type IIP SN 2008bk was discovered in pre-explosion g'r'i'IYJHKs images, acquired with European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope FORS, HAWK-I and ISAAC instruments and the Gemini GMOS-S instrument. The wealth of pre-explosion observations makes the progenitor of this SN one of the best studied, since the detection of the progenitor of SN1987A. Previous analyses of the properties of the progenitor were hampered by the limited quality of the photometric calibration of the pre-explosion images and the crowded nature of the field containing the SN. We present new late-time observations of the site of SN2008bk acquired with identical instrument and filter configurations as the pre-explosion observations, and confirm that the previously identified red supergiant star was the progenitor of this SN and has now disappeared. Image subtraction techniques were used to conduct precise photometry of the now missing progenitor, independently of blending from any nearby stars. The nature of the surrounding stellar population and their contribution to the flux attributed to the progenitor in the pre-explosion images are probed using HST WFC3 UVIS/IR observations. In comparison with MARCS synthetic spectra, we find the progenitor was a highly reddened RSG with luminosity log (L/Lsun)=4.84+/-0.11, corresponding to an initial mass of Minit=12.9+/-1.7Msun. The temperature of the progenitor was hotter than previously expected for RSGs (T ~ 4330K), but consistent with new temperatures derived for RSGs using SED fitting techniques. We show that there is evidence for significant extinction of the progenitor, possibly arising in the CSM; but that this dust yields a similar reddening law to dust found in the ISM (E(B-V)=0.77 with Rv=3.1). [Abridged]
description: 16 pages, 7 figures - submitted to MNRAS (21 July)
Podpora open science, aneb do knihovny nejen pro knihy
Creators: name: Hanzlíková, Dagmar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: BA2023

description: Prezentováno na konferenci Bibliotheca academica 2023.
description: Principy open science se postupně stávají nedílnou součástí vědecké práce. Akademické knihovny tak mají jedinečnou příležitost zapojit se do podpory vědeckých pracovníků s celou řadou nových služeb a stát se důležitým centrem strategického rozvoje na svých institucích. Jak by takové služby mohly vypadat? Přijďte si poslechnout zkušenosti z několika institucí napříč Českou republikou.
Revisiting Putative Cool Accretion Disks in Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
Creators: name: Miller, J. M.
name: Walton, D. J.
name: King, A. L.
name: Reynolds, M. T.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Miller, M. C.
name: Reis, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft, potentially thermal spectral components observed in some ULXs can be fit with models for emission from cool, optically-thick accretion disks. If that description is correct, the low temperatures that are observed imply accretion onto "intermediate-mass" black holes. Subsequent work has found that these components may follow an inverse relationship between luminosity and temperature, implying a non-blackbody origin for this emission. We have re-analyzed numerous XMM-Newton spectra of extreme ULXs. Crucially, observations wherein the source fell on a chip gap were excluded owing to their uncertain flux calibration, and the neutral column density along the line of sight to a given source was jointly determined by multiple spectra. The luminosity of the soft component is found to be positively correlated with temperature, and to be broadly consistent with L ~ T^4 in the measured band pass, as per blackbody emission from a standard thin disk. These results are nominally consistent with accretion onto black holes with masses above the range currently known in Galactic X-ray binaries, though there are important caveats. Emission from inhomogeneous or super-Eddington disks may also be consistent with the data.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Resiliency in the Age of COVID-19: A Policy Toolkit
Creators: name: Pedigo, Steven W.
name: Evans, Angela M.
name: Kettl, Donald F.
name: Suri, Jeremi
name: Reeves, D. Cale
name: Shastry, Vivek
name: Rai, Varun
name: Galbraith, James K.
name: Lind, Michael
name: Luby, Martin J.
name: Weaver, Catherine
name: Rosenberg, Rachel
name: Canedo, Ana
name: Fabregas, Raissa
name: Morris, Megan
name: Pope, J. Paul
name: Inboden, William
name: Greenberg, Sherri R.
name: Hole, Michael K.
name: Osborne, Cynthia
name: Deitch, Michele
name: Wilburn, Sydney
name: Studer, Alyssa
name: Porter, Moira
name: Springer, David W.
name: Wasem, Ruth Ellen
name: Bixler, R. Patrick
name: Passalacqua, Paola
name: Buono, Regina M.
name: Schmandt, Jurgen
name: Ward, George
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Resiliency
COVID-19
Public Policy

description: Twenty-nine LBJ School authors have come together to craft interdisciplinary and resilience-based policy solutions in one toolkit called Resiliency in the Age of COVID-19. In 18 articles that span public management, climate change, economic development, national security and more, LBJ School policy authors provide a forward-thinking lens on what went wrong and what leadership, public policies and initiatives it will take to fix the system flaws exposed by the pandemic. Published during the LBJ School’s 50th anniversary year, the toolkit also provides a snapshot of the school’s depth and breadth of policy and research engagement at this moment in time.
Clumpy Disc and Bulge Formation
Creators: name: Perez, J.
name: Valenzuela, O.
name: Tissera, P.
name: Michel-Dansac, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a set of hydrodynamical/Nbody controlled simulations of isolated gas rich galaxies that self-consistently include SN feedback and a detailed chemical evolution model, both tested in cosmological simulations. The initial conditions are motivated by the observed star forming galaxies at z ~ 2-3. We find that the presence of a multiphase interstellar media in our models promotes the growth of disc instability favouring the formation of clumps which in general, are not easily disrupted on timescales compared to the migration time. We show that stellar clumps migrate towards the central region and contribute to form a classical-like bulge with a Sersic index, n > 2. Our physically-motivated Supernova feedback has a mild influence on clump survival and evolution, partially limiting the mass growth of clumps as the energy released per Supernova event is increased, with the consequent flattening of the bulge profile. This regulation does not prevent the building of a classical-like bulge even for the most energetic feedback tested. Our Supernova feedback model is able to establish a self-regulated star formation, producing mass-loaded outflows and stellar age spreads comparable to observations. We find that the bulge formation by clumps may coexit with other channels of bulge assembly such as bar and mergers. Our results suggest that galactic bulges could be interpreted as composite systems with structural components and stellar populations storing archaeological information of the dynamical history of their galaxy.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS - Aug. 20, 2013
Cook Wilson on knowledge and forms of thinking
Creators: name: Longworth, Guy
name: Wimmer, Simon
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: John Cook Wilson
subject: Oxford realism
subject: Knowledge
subject: Thinking
subject: Belief
subject: Entailment thesis
subject: Exclusion thesis
subject: 100

description: John Cook Wilson is an important predecessor of contemporary knowledge first epistemologists: among other parallels, he claimed that knowledge is indefinable. We reconstruct four arguments for this claim discernible in his work, three of which find no clear analogues in contemporary discussions of knowledge first epistemology. We pay special attention to Cook Wilson’s view of the relation between knowledge and forms of thinking (like belief). Claims of Cook Wilson’s that support the indefinability of knowledge include: that knowledge, unlike belief, straddles an active/passive divide; that, rather than entailing belief, knowledge excludes belief; and that understanding forms of thinking other than knowledge (such as belief) depends on understanding knowledge. Reflecting on Cook Wilson’s framework highlights underappreciated concerns relevant to any attempt to define knowledge.
description: Synthese;200:276
Palladium-catalyzed tandem reaction of 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbaldehydes and isocyanides
Creators: name: Shiri, Morteza
name: Ranjbar, Maryam
name: Yasaeia, Zahra
name: Zamanian, Fatemeh
name: Notash, Behrouz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: 30207 Transition Metal Chemistry
subject: 30306 Synthesis of Materials

description: A facile domino reaction of 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbaldehydes in one and two equivalents of isocyanide has been investigated. Three-component reactions of 2chloroquinoline-3-carbaldehydes, isocyanides and amines are also described. In this Pdcatalyzed reaction under controlled conditions, three novel types of quinoline derivatives were formed via amidation, lactamization or carbamate formation along with the formation of C–C, C–N, and C–O bonds in a one-pot procedure.