cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Continuous-distribution puddle model for conduction in trilayer graphene
Creators: name: Thompson, Richard S.
name: Chang, Yi-Chen
name: Lu, Jia G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An insulator-to-metal transition is observed in trilayer graphene based on the temperature dependence of the resistance under different applied gate voltages. At small gate voltages the resistance decreases with increasing temperature due to the increase in carrier concentration resulting from thermal excitation of electron-hole pairs. At large gate voltages excitation of electron-hole pairs is suppressed, and the resistance increases with increasing temperature because of the enhanced electron-phonon scattering. We find that the simple model with overlapping conduction and valence bands, each with quadratic dispersion relations, is unsatisfactory. Instead, we conclude that impurities in the substrate that create local puddles of higher electron or hole densities are responsible for the residual conductivity at low temperatures. The best fit is obtained using a continuous distribution of puddles. From the fit the average of the electron and hole effective masses can be determined.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
title: Arbeitsintensive Unternehmen sind ein Katalysator für Geldpolitik und ihre Verteilungseffekte
Creators: name: Fritsche, Jan Philipp
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: D22 Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
subject: D31 Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
subject: E23 Macroeconomics: Production
subject: E32 Business Fluctuations; Cycles
subject: C52 Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
subject: Monetary policy
subject: firm heterogeneity
subject: labor share
subject: financial frictions
subject: DSGE model validation

description: Die Geldpolitik der Europäischen Zentralbank hat in erster Linie das Ziel, Preisstabilität zu gewährleisten. Dabei haben Zinsänderungen der Europäischen Zentralbank auch Einfluss sowohl auf die Lohn- und Gehaltszahlungen als auch auf die Wertschöpfung von Unternehmen. Sind beide Bereiche nicht gleichermaßen betroffen, hat die Geldpolitik eine Verteilungswirkung zwischen ArbeitnehmerInnen und AnteilseignerInnen von Unternehmen. Bilanzdaten von insgesamt mehr als zwei Millionen Firmen im Euroraum zeigen, dass die Lohn- und Gehaltszahlungen in arbeitsintensiven Unternehmen bei Zinserhöhungen stärker sinken als in anderen Unternehmen und bei einer Zinssenkung besonders stark steigen. Die Heterogenität der Unternehmen in den Euro-Ländern kann zu Asymmetrien in der geldpolitischen Wirkungskette führen. Daher sollten neue geldpolitische Instrumente mit einer speziellen Ausrichtung auf Unternehmen diskutiert werden. Europäische Arbeitsmärkte mit einem einheitlichen Arbeitsrecht und europäische Arbeitsmarkinstitutionen sowie die seit langem diskutierte Banken- und Kapitalmarktunion könnten dazu beitragen, dass die Geldpolitik ihre Wirkung innerhalb des Euroraums gleichmäßiger entfaltet.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 88 (2021), 36, S. 587-592
Group extensions with infinite conjugacy classes
Creators: name: Préaux, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We characterize the group property of being with infinite conjugacy classes (or icc, i.e. infinite and of which all conjugacy classes except {1} are infinite) for groups which are defined by an extension of groups. We give characterizations for all different kinds of extension: direct product, semi-direct product, wreath products and general extension. We also give many particular results when the groups involved verify some additional hypothesis. The icc property is correlated to the Theory of Von Neumann algebras since a necessary and sufficient condition for the Von Neumann algebra of a group Γto be a factor of type II - 1, is that Γbe icc. Our approach applies in full generality in the study of icc property since any group either decomposes as an extension of groups or is simple, and in the latter case icc property becomes trivially equivalent to being infinite.
description: 20 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:math/0612685 and arXiv:math/0703739
title: J. G. Münch
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: J. G. Münch as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
title: Vor allem Menschen in prosperierenden, sehr ländlichen Räumen engagieren sich für ein Ehrenamt: Interview
Creators: name: Burkhardt, Luise
name: Wittenberg, Erich
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2021

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 88 (2021), 35, S. 580
Optimal measurement bases for Bell-tests based on the CH-inequality
Creators: name: Lima, G.
name: Inostroza, E. B.
name: Vianna, R. O.
name: Larsson, J. -Å.
name: Saavedra, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hardy test of nonlocality can be seen as a particular case of the Bell tests based on the Clauser-Horne (CH) inequality. Here we stress this connection when we analyze the relation between the CH-inequality violation, its threshold detection efficiency, and the measurement settings adopted in the test. It is well known that the threshold efficiencies decrease when one considers partially entangled states and that the use of these states, unfortunately, generates a reduction in the CH violation. Nevertheless, these quantities are both dependent on the measurement settings considered, and in this paper we show that there are measurement bases which allow for an optimal situation in this trade-off relation. These bases are given as a generalization of the Hardy measurement bases, and they will be relevant for future Bell tests relying on pairs of entangled qubits.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Dephasing and Hyperfine Interaction in Carbon Nanotubes Double Quantum Dots: Disordered Case
Creators: name: Reynoso, Andres A.
name: Flensberg, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the \emph{return probability experiment}, used to measure the dephasing time $T_2^*$, in a double quantum dot (DQD) in semiconducting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with spin-orbit coupling and disorder induced valley mixing. Dephasing is due to hyperfine interaction with the spins of the ${}^{13}$C nuclei. Due to the valley and spin degrees of freedom four bounded states exist for any given longitudinal mode in the quantum dot. At zero magnetic field the spin-orbit coupling and the valley mixing split those four states into two Kramers doublets. The valley mixing term for a given dot is determined by the intra-dot disorder and therefore the states in the Kramers doublets belonging to different dots are different. We show how nonzero single-particle interdot tunneling amplitudes between states belonging to different doublets give rise to new avoided crossings, as a function of detuning, in the relevant two particle spectrum, crossing over from the two electrons in one dot states configuration, $(0,2)$, to the one electron in each dot configuration, $(1,1)$. In contrast to the clean system, multiple Landau-Zener processes affect the separation and the joining stages of each single-shot measurement and they affect the outcome of the measurement in a way that strongly depends on the initial state. We find that a well-defined return probability experiment is realized when, at each single-shot cycle, the (0,2) ground state is prepared. In this case, valley mixing increases the saturation value of the measured return probability, whereas the probability to return to the (0,2) ground state remains unchanged. Finally, we study the effect of the valley mixing in the high magnetic field limit; for a parallel magnetic field the predictions coincide with a clean nanotube, while the disorder effect is always relevant with a magnetic field perpendicular to the nanotube axis.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures
Data coordination
Creators: name: Lawrence, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Data coordination is the problem of updating a contingent database C as a result of changes to a database B on which it depends. For example, a general contractor’s construction cost estimate (C) needs to be updated in response to changes made by an architect to a building design (B). Although these two databases are related in a very specific way, they contain information about fundamentally different types of objects: the cost estimate is composed of items which represent work results, and the building design is composed of physical objects. Motivated by scenarios such as design-cost coordination, we propose an approach to coordinating data between autonomous, heterogeneous sources which have a base-contingent relationship. We propose the use of declarative mappings to express exact relationships between the two. Using materialized views to maintain state, we give an overall approach for coordinating sets of updates from B to C through view differencing and view update translation. We adopt ideas from data exchange and incomplete information to generate the set of all possible updates which satisfy a mapping. We propose methods for assisting a user (C’s administrator) in choosing amongst the possible updates, and experimentally evaluate these methods, as well as the overall benefit of semiautomatic data coordination, in a usability study. We then discuss practical challenges in applying our general techniques to the domain of architecture, engineering and construction, by interviewing practitioners and analyzing data from two construction projects.
title: Ludovico Antonio Muratori
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Ludovico Antonio Muratori as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
title: Ehrenamtliches Engagement: Soziale Gruppen insbesondere in sehr ländlichen Räumen unterschiedlich stark beteiligt
Creators: name: Kleiner, Tuuli-Marja
name: Burkhardt, Luise
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: C23 Single Equation Models; Single Variables: Models with Panel Data; Longitudinal Data; Spatial Time Series
subject: O18 Economic Development: Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure
subject: R11 Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
subject: volunteering
subject: rural regions
subject: unequal participation

description: Politik und Teile der Wissenschaft schreiben dem ehrenamtlichen Engagement eine große Bedeutung für den gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt, die Unterstützung von Demokratie und die Daseinsvorsorge zu, insbesondere in ländlichen Räumen. Über den Stand des ehrenamtlichen Engagements in den unterschiedlichen ländlichen Räumen ist bislang jedoch wenig bekannt. Für diesen Bericht wurde die am Thünen-Institut für Ländliche Räume entwickelte Raumtypologie mit den Befragungsdaten des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) zusammengeführt. Das ehrenamtliche Engagement innerhalb der räumlichen Typen wurde hinsichtlich der Merkmale Geschlecht, Erwerbsstatus und Häufigkeit der Teilnahme an religiösen Veranstaltungen ausgewertet. Es zeigt sich, dass das Engagement in sehr ländlichen Regionen mit guter sozioökonomischer Lage am höchsten ist. Männer sind in den sehr ländlichen Regionen deutlich häufiger ehrenamtlich engagiert als Frauen. Auch die Erwerbstätigkeit spielt in den sehr ländlichen Regionen eine größere Rolle für das Engagement. Die Teilnahme an religiösen Veranstaltungen ist in allen Regionen ein zuverlässiger Prädiktor für die Ausübung eines Ehrenamtes. Ehrenamtliches Engagement sollte gerade in den stark ländlich geprägten Räumen weiter gefördert und der Zugang für bisher weniger beteiligte Gruppen erleichtert werden.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 88 (2021), 35, S. 571-579
Quantum discord and classical correlations in the bond-charge Hubbard model: quantum phase transitions, ODLRO and violation of the monogamy property for discord
Creators: name: Allegra, Michele
name: Giorda, Paolo
name: Montorsi, Arianna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum discord (QD) and the classical correlations (CC) in a reference model for strongly correlated electrons, the one-dimensional bond-charge extended Hubbard model. We show that the comparison of QD and CC and of their derivatives in the direct and reciprocal lattice allows one to efficiently inspect the structure of two-point driven quantum phase transitions (QPTs), discriminating those at which off diagonal long range order (ODLRO) is involved. Moreover we observe that QD between pair of sites is a monotonic function of ODLRO, thus establishing a direct relation between the latter and two point quantum correlations different from the entanglement. The study of the ground state properties allows to show that for a whole class of permutation invariant (η-pair) states quantum discord can violate the monogamy property, both in presence and in absence of bipartite entanglement. In the thermodynamic limit, due to the presence of ODLRO, the violation for η-pair states is maximal, while for the purely fermionic ground state is finite. From a general perspective, all our results validate the importance of the concepts of QD and CC for the study of critical condensed-matter systems.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures; to appear in Physical Review B
Reconstruction of bubble trajectories and velocity estimation
Creators: name: Krimerman, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: This thesis addresses the problem of tracking bubble trajectories and velocities in transparent fluids, in particular we deal with water. It belongs to the area known as fluid imaging. Using long exposure images with the aid of computerized tomography, we are able to track the trajectories of micro-bubbles by first reconstructing the fluid volume containing the bubbly flow. From this volumetric data we then extract bubble trajectories by following the streaks left behind by each moving bubble. Consequently, these streaks are used to estimate bubble velocities. All of this is achieved using a limited number of consumer quality video cameras. In addition, we show how similar data that might be obtained from tracer particles could be used to calculate the velocity vector field within the fluid interior.
High noon for cosmic giants: beacons for massive galaxy formation from South Pole Telescope protocluster cores
Creators: name: Sulzenauer, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The most massive local galaxies sit in the centers of galaxy clusters, surrounded by red early types. While these dense environments are well studied out to redshifts 1-2, the formation process in the first two billion years remain enshrouded in cosmic history. Contrary to the successful hierarchical structure formation scenario, giant elliptical galaxy precursors are observed in compact groups of vigorously star-forming, dust obscured galaxies. Characterized by enormous molecular reservoirs, protocluster cores show correlated star-formation on the scales of the emerging cosmic web. Moreover, they represent the sites for energy injection and enrichment of the intracluster medium around the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) observable already by cosmic noon. Selected from the 25000 deg^2 large South Pole Telescope (SPT) survey, the sensitivity and angular resolution of ALMA is instrumental to characterize physical conditions of the cold, star-forming medium of protocluster cores. Guided by 870um APEX/LABOCA maps, the redshift determination to the eight brightest cores is now completed. Strikingly, SPT2349-56, at z=4.3, is the record holder for the highest star-formation surface density known, with 15 ULIRGs within only 50 kpc in projection. The majority of core galaxies sit on the same cluster caustic in phase space, hinting at a core-wide collapse process caught in action. A beacon of this 'mega merger' are bright, massive tidal gas streamers, serendipitously discovered with ALMA. Clumpy ionized carbon [CII]158 arcs extend over 50 kpc, connecting individual galaxies to the larger collapsing core. Numerical simulations suggest that this is a signpost event for the formation of a red proto-BCG with ten times the Milky Way's halo mass, completed within the next few 100 million years. In this talk, I will present the collapse of SPT2349-56's exceptional core, and explain why characterizing the full sample will allow to test the paradigm of massive galaxy formation at z>3.
title: Twist on ectopic testicle: Echo-surgical confrontation
Creators: name: Chaouachi, Rabeb
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Emergency
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Power Doppler
subject: Surgery
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To evaluate the contribution of Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of ectopic testicular torsion. Confront ultrasound images with operative results to clarify the contribution of this technique to operative...
Quantum interference of single photons from remote nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
Creators: name: Sipahigil, Alp
name: Goldman, Michael L.
name: Togan, Emre
name: Chu, Yiwen
name: Markham, Matthew
name: Twitchen, Daniel J.
name: Zibrov, Alexander S.
name: Kubanek, Alexander
name: Lukin, Mikhail D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate quantum interference between indistinguishable photons emitted by two nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in distinct diamond samples separated by two meters. Macroscopic solid immersion lenses are used to enhance photon collection efficiency. Quantum interference is verified by measuring a value of the second-order cross-correlation function $g^{(2)}(0) = 0.35 \pm 0.04<0.5$. In addition, optical transition frequencies of two separated NV centers are tuned into resonance with each other by applying external electric fields. Extension of the present approach to generate entanglement of remote solid-state qubits is discussed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Scalar dark energy models mimicking $Λ$CDM with arbitrary future evolution
Creators: name: Astashenok, Artyom V.
name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
name: Scherrer, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark energy models with various scenarios of evolution are considered from the viewpoint of the formalism for the equation of state. It is shown that these models are compatible with current astronomical data. Some of the models presented here evolve arbitrarily close to $Λ$CDM up to the present, but diverge in the future into a number of different possible asymptotic states, including asymptotic de-Sitter (pseudo-rip) evolution, little rips with disintegration of bound structures, and various forms of finite-time future singularities. Therefore it is impossible from observational data to determine whether the universe will end in a future singularity or not. We demonstrate that the models under consideration are stable for a long period of time (billions of years) before entering a Little Rip/Pseudo-Rip induced dissolution of bound structures or before entering a soft finite-time future singularity. Finally, the physical consequences of Little Rip, Type II, III and Big Crush singularities are briefly compared.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, version to appear in Physics Letters B
title: Comparison between pcASL performed with 1.5T MR and DSCE in the evaluation of the degree of perfusion of the cerebral gliomas.
Creators: name: Pollice, Saverio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Head and neck
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: MR
subject: Surgery
subject: Neoplasia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Aim of this study is to validate the use of the pcASL sequence with 1.5 T scanner in the neuroradiological routine in order to obtain perfusion studies in patients who have contraindications to the administration of Gd contrast medium and therefore...
title: Vasculitis: CT findings in ENT
Creators: name: Peña Saravia, Jhon
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT
subject: Vascular
subject: Head and neck
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To describe CT findings of ear,nose and trachea in patients with vasculitis. 2. To correlate radiological findings (CT imaging) with clinical manifestations of vasculitis in the ENT...
title: Kita- und Schulschließungen können längerfristige Effekte auf Gleichstellung von Frauen haben: Interview
Creators: name: Huebener, Mathias
name: Wittenberg, Erich
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2021

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 88 (2021), 34, S. 567
Hopf algebras and Markov chains: Two examples and a theory
Creators: name: Diaconis, Persi
name: Pang, C. Y. Amy
name: Ram, Arun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The operation of squaring (coproduct followed by product) in a combinatorial Hopf algebra is shown to induce a Markov chain in natural bases. Chains constructed in this way include widely studied methods of card shuffling, a natural "rock-breaking" process, and Markov chains on simplicial complexes. Many of these chains can be explictly diagonalized using the primitive elements of the algebra and the combinatorics of the free Lie algebra. For card shuffling, this gives an explicit description of the eigenvectors. For rock-breaking, an explicit description of the quasi-stationary distribution and sharp rates to absorption follow.
description: 51 pages, 17 figures. (Typographical errors corrected. Further fixes will only appear on the version on Amy Pang's website, the arXiv version will not be updated.)
CP Violation in Correlated Production and Decay of Unstable Particles
Creators: name: Kittel, Olaf
name: Pilaftsis, Apostolos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study resonant CP-violating Einstein--Podolsky--Rosen correlations that may take place in the production and decay of unstable scalar particles at high-energy colliders. We show that as a consequence of unitarity and CPT invariance of the S-matrix, in 2 --> 2 scatterings mediated by mixed scalar particles, at least three linearly independent decay matrices associated with the unstable scalar states are needed to obtain non-zero CP-odd observables that are also odd under C-conjugation. Instead, for the correlated production and decay of two unstable particle systems in 2 --> 4 processes, we find that only two independent decay matrices are sufficient to induce a net non-vanishing CP-violating phenomenon. As an application of this theorem, we present numerical estimates of CP asymmetries for the correlated production and decay of supersymmetric scalar top--anti-top pairs at the LHC, and demonstrate that these could reach values of order one. As a byproduct of our analysis, we develop a novel spinorial trace technique, which enables us to efficiently evaluate lengthy expressions of squared amplitudes describing the resonant scalar transitions.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, version to appear in NPB, comment on the accessibility of the asymmetry at the LHC added, references added
title: Quantitative Assessment of Vascular Permeability Alterations in Migraine-associated Brain Regions: Application of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Creators: name: Kim, Yeon Soo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Segmentation
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Migraine is a neurovascular disorder characterized by recurrent headache, associated with temporary autonomic nervous system dysfunction (1). Previous studies have described structural and functional brain changes as a result of migraine attacks:...
C^0-limits of Hamiltonian paths and the Oh-Schwarz spectral invariants
Creators: name: Seyfaddini, Sobhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we study the behavior of the Oh-Schwarz spectral invariants under C^0-small perturbations of the Hamiltonian flow. We obtain an estimate, which under certain assumptions, relates the spectral invariants of a Hamiltonian to the C^0-distance of its flow from the identity. Using the mentioned estimate we show that, unlike the Hofer norm, the spectral norm is C^0-continuous on surfaces. We also present applications of the above results to the theory of Calabi quasimorphisms and improve a result of Entov, Polterovich and Py. In the final section of the paper we use our results to answer a question of Y.-G. Oh about spectral Hamiltonian homeomorphisms.
description: 32 pages; v2: minor revisions, to appear in IMRN
title: Kita- und Schulschließungen haben bei westdeutschen Vätern Einstellung zur Erwerbstätigkeit von Müttern verändert
Creators: name: Danzer, Natalia
name: Huebener, Mathias
name: Pape, Astrid
name: Spieß, C. Katharina
name: Wagner, Gert G.
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: J13 Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
subject: J16 Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
subject: J18 Demographic Economics: Public Policy
subject: J22 Time Allocation and Labor Supply
subject: Covid-19
subject: gender role attitudes
subject: childcare
subject: difference-in-difference
subject: ALLBUS
subject: COMPASS

description: Die Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung des Corona-Virus haben Familien vor große Herausforderungen gestellt, insbesondere durch die vorübergehenden (Teil-)Schließungen von Kitas und Schulen. Während viele Studien bisher darauf fokussierten, wie die zusätzliche Sorgearbeit zwischen Müttern und Vätern aufgeteilt wurde, untersucht dieser Beitrag Auswirkungen auf die Ansichten zu Geschlechterrollen. Konkret wird anhand repräsentativer Daten aus dem Frühjahr 2021 im Vergleich zu 2008 bis 2016 untersucht, ob sich die Einstellungen zur Erwerbstätigkeit von Müttern verändert haben. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass Väter mit jüngeren Kindern ihre im vergangenen Jahrzehnt immer egalitärer gewordenen Einstellungen zur Erwerbstätigkeit von Müttern verändert haben. Nachdem im Jahr 2016 noch rund 60 Prozent der Väter sehr egalitäre Geschlechterrolleneinstellungen hatten, waren es ein Jahr nach Ausbruch der Corona-Pandemie rund 54 Prozent – und damit etwa zehn Prozent weniger. Bei Müttern und Vätern in Ostdeutschland sind solche Veränderungen in den Einstellungen zur Erwerbstätigkeit hingegen nicht zu beobachten. Neben der veränderten Aufgabenteilung in Familien hat die Pandemie tendenziell also die Entwicklung hin zu egalitäreren Geschlechterrollen insgesamt gebremst – und in Westdeutschland sogar teilweise umgekehrt.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 88 (2021), 34, S. 559-566
Lebens- und Naturzyklen in Höltys hymnischer Lyrik
Creators: name: Avellan, Denise Juliett
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 800 Literature & rhetoric
subject: 830 Literatures of Germanic languages

description: Höltys Hymnen stellen eine Besonderheit in seinem Schaffen dar. Insgesamt existieren nur zwei Hymnen in seinem gesamten Werk, denen ich eine zyklische Zusammengehörigkeit heuristisch unterstelle, auch wenn sie laut Definition nicht als zyklopoietische Werke einzuordnen sind. Mein Theoriedesign basiert auf der Grundlage von Forschungsergebnissen bekannter Goethe-ForscherInnen wie Marianne Wünsch und Claus-Michael Ort. Ein interpretatorischer Mehrwert konnte insbesondere durch die gemeinsame Betrachtung beider Gedichte und die Untersuchung zyklischer Potenziale gewonnen werden.
title: Improvement of Extended FOV artifacts by reconstruction Algorithm and bolus
Creators: name: Esaki, Tooru
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics
subject: CT
subject: Radiographers
subject: Trauma

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Extended field of view (EFOV) algorithms to estimate the projection data outside the SFOV have been reported 1) . EFOV is capable of reconstructing images of wider FOV than SFOV ( Fig. 1 ), but EFOV algorithms cause image distortion and CT value...
All-optical polariton transistor
Creators: name: Ballarini, Dario
name: De Giorgi, Milena
name: Cancellieri, Emiliano
name: Houdré, Romuald
name: Giacobino, Elisabeth
name: Cingolani, Roberto
name: Bramati, Alberto
name: Gigli, Giuseppe
name: Sanvitto, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While optical technology provides the best solution for the transmission of information, optical logics still calls for qualitative new concepts to be explored. Exciton-polaritons are composite particles, resulting from the strong coupling between excitons and photons, which have recently demonstrated exceptional properties like huge non-linearities, long range coherence and suppression of scattering. Here we demonstrate a switching scheme for polaritons moving in the plane of a microcavity which satisfy all the requirements for an all-optical transistor. Under resonant excitation, the power threshold for the nonlinear increase of the polariton density is varied by a weak control beam, obtaining up to 19 times amplification with switching energies in the range of attojoule per square micron. Polariton propagation in the plane of the microcavity is then used to control the switching of a second, spatially separated transistor, opening the way to the implementation of polariton integrated circuits.
title: Identifying Pulmonary Nodules on Chest Radiography Using Deep Learning: External Validation and Strategies to Improve Clinical Practice
Creators: name: Liang, Chia-Hao (Alan)
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Thorax
subject: Artificial Intelligence

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The chest X-Ray is the most commonly performed diagnostic examination in the daily medical practice because of the easy accessibility, relative cost-effectiveness and wide availability in outpatient centers for the first-line screening tool...
Minimum Description Length Principle for Maximum Entropy Model Selection
Creators: name: Pandey, Gaurav
name: Dukkipati, Ambedkar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Model selection is central to statistics, and many learning problems can be formulated as model selection problems. In this paper, we treat the problem of selecting a maximum entropy model given various feature subsets and their moments, as a model selection problem, and present a minimum description length (MDL) formulation to solve this problem. For this, we derive normalized maximum likelihood (NML) codelength for these models. Furthermore, we prove that the minimax entropy principle is a special case of maximum entropy model selection, where one assumes that complexity of all the models are equal. We apply our approach to gene selection problem and present simulation results.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables, submitted to Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence
title: Health-related Quality of Life evaluation in “left” versus “right” access for Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage using EORTC QLQBIL-21 questionnaire
Creators: name: Castiglione, Davide Giuseppe
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Drainage
subject: Cholangiography
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD) is an established image-guided procedure which leads to the drainage of the obstructed bile duct system. PTBD main indications include decompression of intra and extrahepatic biliary ducts in case of...
Factorization Theorem For Drell-Yan At Low q_T And Transverse-Momentum Distributions On-The-Light-Cone
Creators: name: Echevarria, Miguel G.
name: Idilbi, Ahmad
name: Scimemi, Ignazio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a factorization theorem for Drell-Yan process at low q_T using effective field theory methods. In this theorem all the obtained quantities are gauge invariant and the special role of the soft function--and its subtraction thereof--is emphasized. We define transverse-momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDPDFs) which are free from light-cone singularities while all the Wilson lines are defined on-the-light-cone. We show explicitly to first order in α_s that the partonic Feynman PDF can be obtained from the newly defined partonic TMDPDF by integrating over the transverse momentum of the parton inside the hadron. We obtain a resummed expression for the TMDPDF, and hence for the cross section, in impact parameter space. The universality of the newly defined matrix elements is established perturbatively to first order in α_s. The factorization theorem is validated to first order in α_s and also the gauge invariance between Feynman and light-cone gauges.
description: Minor changes. Version published in JHEP
title: 2018 Version of LI-RADS for the Diagnosis of Updated Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Creators: name: Chaouachi, Rabeb
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Know the categories LI RADS v 2018 . To evaluate the diagnostic performance and reliability of the 2018 Hepatic Imaging System (LI-RADS). Illustrate the application of the system LI RADS v...
Bubble-enhanced basanite–tephrite mixing in the early stages of the Cumbre Vieja 2021 eruption, La Palma, Canary Islands
Creators: name: González-García, Diego
name: Boulesteix, Thomas
name: Klügel, Andreas
name: Holtz, François
Publisher: name: [London] : Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Natural hazards
subject: Petrology
subject: Volcanology
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Syneruptive magma mixing is widespread in volcanic eruptions, affecting explosivity and composition of products, but its evidence in basaltic systems is usually cryptic. Here we report direct evidence of mixing between basanitic and tephritic magmas in the first days of the 2021 Tajogaite eruption of Cumbre Vieja, La Palma. Groundmass glass in tephritic tephra from the fifth day of the eruption is locally inhomogeneous, showing micron-scale filamentary structures of Si-poor and Fe-, Mg-rich melt, forming complex filaments attached to bubbles. Their compositional distribution attests the presence of primitive basanitic magma, with compositions similar to late-erupted melts, interacting with an evolved tephritic melt during the first week of the event. From filament morphology, we suggest their generation by dragging and folding of basanitic melt during bubble migration through melt interfaces. Semi-quantitative diffusion modelling indicates that the filamentary structures are short-lived, dissipating in timescales of tens of seconds. In combination with thermobarometric constraints, we suggest a mixing onset by sub-Moho remobilization of a tephritic reservoir by basanite input, followed by turbulent ascent of a mingled magma. In the shallow conduit or lava fountain, bubble nucleation and migration triggered further mingling of the distinct melt-phases. This phenomenon might have enhanced the explosive behaviour of the eruption in such period, where violent strombolian explosions were common.
Social influence and its applications : an algorithmic and data mining study
Creators: name: Goyal, Amit
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Social influence occurs when one's actions are affected by others. If leveraged carefully, social influence can be exploited in many applications like viral marketing (or targeted advertising in general), recommender systems, social network analysis, events detection, experts finding, link prediction, ranking of feeds etc. One of the fundamental problems in this fascinating field is the problem of influence maximization, primarily motivated by the application of viral marketing. The objective is to identify a small set of users in a social network, who when convinced to adopt a product will influence others in the network leading to a large number of adoptions. The vision of our work is to take the algorithmic and data mining aspects of viral marketing out of the lab. We organize ours goals and contributions into four categories: (i) With the ever-increasing scale of online social networks, it is extremely important to develop efficient algorithms for influence maximization. We propose two algorithms -- CELF++ and SIMPATH that significantly improve the scalability. (ii) We remark that previous studies often make unrealistic assumptions and rely on simulations, instead of validating models against real world data. For instance, they assume an arbitrary assignment of influence probabilities in their studies, which focused more on algorithms than on validity with respect to real data. We attack the problem of learning influence probabilities. In another work, we propose a novel data driven approach to influence models and show that it predicts influence diffusion with much better accuracy. (iii) Next, we propose alternative problem formulations -- MINTSS and MINTIME and show interesting theoretical results. These problem formulations capture the problem of deploying viral campaigns on budget and time constraints. In an additional work, we take a fresh perspective on identifying community leaders using a pattern mining approach. (iv) Finally, we examine applications of social influence. We begin with the application of viral marketing. We show that product adoption is not exactly influence. Given this, we develop a product adoption model and study the problem of maximizing product adoption. Furthermore, we propose and investigate a novel problem in recommender systems, for targeted advertising -- RECMAX.
title: Magnetic resonance enterography in patients with Crohn’s disease: evaluation of response to therapy based on MaRIA score in comparison with Harvey Bradshaw index
Creators: name: Larosa, Luigi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Small bowel
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastro-intestinal tract that usually affects young people [1, 2, 3]. Any part of the gastro-intestinal tract can be involved and multiple intestinal segments are often affected...
Inconsistencies between long-term trends in storminess derived from the 20CR reanalysis and observations
Creators: name: Krueger, Oliver
name: Schenk, Frederik
name: Feser, Frauke
name: Weisse, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global atmospheric reanalyses have become a common tool for both the validation of climate models and diagnostic studies, such as assessing climate variability and long-term trends. Presently, the 20th Century Reanalysis (20CR), which assimilates only surface pressure reports, sea-ice, and sea surface temperature distributions, represents the longest global reanalysis dataset available covering the period from 1871 to the present. Currently, the 20CR dataset is extensively used for the assessment of climate variability and trends. Here, we compare the variability and long-term trends in Northeast Atlantic storminess derived from 20CR and from observations. A well established storm index derived from pressure observations over a relatively densely monitored marine area is used. It is found that both, variability and long-term trends derived from 20CR and from observations, are inconsistent. In particular, both time series show opposing trends during the first half of the 20th century. Only for the more recent periods both storm indices share a similar behavior. While the variability and long-term trend derived from the observations are supported by a number of independent data and analyses, the behavior shown by 20CR is quite different, indicating substantial inhomogeneities in the reanalysis most likely caused by the increasing number of observations assimilated into 20CR over time. The latter makes 20CR likely unsuitable for the identification of trends in storminess in the earlier part of the record at least over the Northeast Atlantic. Our results imply and reconfirm previous findings that care is needed in general, when global reanalyses are used to assess long-term changes.
title: Pictorial Review of Intrathoracic venous anomalies
Creators: name: Hussain, Shahid
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Education
subject: Varices
subject: Arteriovenous malformations

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To discuss commonly encountered intrathoracic venous anomalies and there appearance on CT. To briefly discuss embryological cause and implications of these...
title: Evaluation of the skin redermalization effects by injection combination of hyaluronic and succinic acids by shear wave elastography (2D-SWE).
Creators: name: Dynnyk, Oleh
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Ultrasound physics
subject: Head and neck
subject: Elastography
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Puncture
subject: Image registration
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Artifacts

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The elasticity of the skin is one of the most important parameters of its health or aging, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of procedures with intradermal injections – redermalization (RD). There are many terms of aesthetic medicine and...
The Lorentz-Dirac equation in complex space-time
Creators: name: Davidson, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hypothetical equation of motion is proposed for Kerr-Newman particles. It is obtained by analytic continuation of the Lorentz-Dirac equation into complex space-time. A new class of "runaway" solutions are found which are similar to Zitterbewegung. Electromagnetic fields generated by these motions are studied, and it is found that the retarded times are multi-sheeted functions of the field points. This leads to non-uniqueness for the generated fields. It is found that with fixed weighting factors for these multiple roots, the solutions radiate electromagnetic energy. If the weighting factors are allowed to be position dependent, however, then it is possible to suppress radiation by solving a differential equation for these factors which ensures that the solution is a non-radiating electromagnetic source. Motion in response to external forces are also considered. Radiation suppression is possible here too in some cases. These results are relevant for the idea that Kerr-Newman solutions provide insight into elementary particles and into emergent quantum mechanics.
description: Final peer-reviewed version; General Relativity and Gravitation published Online First, ISSN 0001-7701 (Aug 2012)
title: Radiological features of neurocysticercosis: Key points to avoid misdiagnosis
Creators: name: Santos Velasco, Pablo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Tropical diseases
subject: Cysts
subject: Acute
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Review neurocysticercosis in terms of epidemiology, clinical, radiologic features and treatment. To show the most representative cases which we have diagnosed in our hospital in the last...