Rhyphelia brevistylus Nobre & Ruiz 2024, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Nobre, Welington B.
name: Ruiz, Gustavo R. S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Rhyphelia
Rhyphelia brevistylus

description: Rhyphelia brevistylus sp. nov.
Figs 2A–2D, 3A–3C, 4A–4F
Type material. Holotype: ♂ from Mata da Tijuquinha, Serra do Barbado, Distrito de Catolés, Abaíra, Bahia, Brazil (13.269°S, 41.911°W), 1.XI.2013, L.S Carvalho & M.B da Silva leg. (UFMG 14990). Paratypes: 1♂ 1♀, from Parque Estadual da Serra do Japi, Jundiaí, São Paulo, Brazil (23.283°S 46.983°W), 3.XI.2007, J. Sobjack leg. (UFMG 6478).
Etymology. The epithet, to be treated as a compound noun in apposition, is a combination of Latin adjective “brevis” (short) and noun “stylus” (embolus).
Diagnosis. The male of R. brevistylus sp. nov. is similar to that of R. variegata by the longer carapace (about 1.5x longer than wide, Figs 1A, 2A; shorter, 1.3–1.4x longer than wide in the remaining species), by the developed tegular lobe (Figs 1C, 3A) and by the spurs on the border of the endites. The male of R. brevistylus sp. nov. differs from that of R. variegata by the shorter embolus, which reaches about one third the length of tegulum (Fig. 3A) (almost the length of the tegulum in R. variegata; Fig. 1C). The female differs from all the other species of the genus by having copulatory openings facing ectally, followed by anterior ducts with large secondary spermathecae (Figs 3C, 4D–F).
Description. Male holotype. Total length: 3.33. Carapace dark brown, cephalic region dark brown, with tufts of white scales (Fig. 2A); 1.77 long, 1.17 wide, 0.65 high. Ocular quadrangle 0.77; anterior eye row 1.05, posterior 0.98 wide. Chelicera, labium, endite and palp dark brown; sternum light brown (Fig. 2B). Leg formula: 1423; length of legs: I 3.08 (0.93 + 0.57 + 0.74 + 0.48 + 0.36), II 2.72 (0.81 + 0.48 + 0.67 + 0.43 + 0.33), III 2.56 (0.72 + 0.38 + 0.50 + 0.60 + 0.36), IV 2.98 (0.84 + 0.41 + 0.72 + 0.65 + 0.36). Legs coloration: femora, patellae and tibiae dark brown; metatarsi and tarsi I–II dark brown, III–IV proximally dark brown and distally light brown. Tibia I macrosetae well developed, with tips of a more proximal pair surpassing insertions of the spines of a more distal pair. Abdomen dorsally dark brown, with a cream mark triangle on the posterior half (Fig. 2A); ventrally white (Fig. 2B). Spinnerets light brown.
Female paratype. Total length: 3.67. Carapace as in male (Fig. 2C); 1.63 long, 1.05 wide, 0.65 high. Ocular quadrangle 0.72; anterior eye row 0.96, posterior 0.91 wide. Chelicera, labium, endite, sternum and palp brown. Leg formula: 4312; length of legs: I 2.32 (0.72 + 0.45 + 0.50 + 0.36 + 0.29), II 2.10 (0.62 + 0.38 + 0.48 + 0.33 + 0.29), III 2.56 (0.72 + 0.38 + 0.50 + 0.60 + 0.36), IV 2.98 (0.84 + 0.41 + 0.72 + 0.65 + 0.36). Legs coloration: femora, patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi proximally dark brown and distally yellow. Macrosetae as in male. Abdomen as in male (Figs 2C–D). Epigyne with posterior median coupling pocket; crescent-shaped copulatory openings facing ectally; copulatory ducts running anteriorly, then curve dorsally and flip back posteriorly; secondary spermathecae anteriorly on ducts right after dorsal folding; spermathecae round (Figs 3C, 4D–F). Spinnerets yellow.
Distribution. Known only from the states of Bahia and São Paulo, Brazil (Fig. 23).
description: Published as part of Nobre, Welington B. & Ruiz, Gustavo R. S., 2024, On the boundary of the jumping spider genus Rhyphelia Simon, 1902 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini), with description of ten new species, pp. 471-500 in Zootaxa 5418 (5) on pages 475-479, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5418.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/10779797