cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Mental Health of High-School Students during COVID-19 Pandemic.
Creators: name: Dana, Amir
name: Ranjbari, Sheida
name: Hamid Salehian, Mir
name: Shayan Matin, Parastoo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sport and exercise psychology

description: Background: New mutations of COVID-19 and a lack of adequate vaccination necessitate finding certain methods to enhance mental health of adolescents during the pandemic. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on mental health of adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The present research applied an experimental design with pretest and posttest in 2020. The subjects herein included 65 high-school students, randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received three months of intervention based on Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy while the control group performed regular daily activities. Depression, anxiety, and stress were measured using standard questionnaires before and after the intervention as well as three months later. Independent t test and ANCOVA were utilized for data analysis. Results: At the baseline, 58 students (89.2%) had moderate depression, 37 students (56.9%) had severe anxiety, and 45 students (69.2%) had moderate stress. No significant differences were observed between the groups at the baseline (all P>0.05). Following the intervention, 53 students (81.6%) had moderate depression, 37 students (56.9%) had moderate anxiety, and 31 students (47.7%) had moderate stress. These results remained almost the same in the follow-up test. Moreover, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy significantly reduced depression (p <0.001), anxiety (p <0.001), and stress (p <0.001) in the posttest and follow-up compared with those in the control group. Conclusion: These results highlighted the importance of developing strategies such as …
Design, Manufacturing and Recycling of Selectively Reinforced Hybrid NFRP Components
Creators: name: Frank, Niklas
name: Baur, Johannes
name: Strohl, Christian
name: Albers, Albert
name: Düser, Tobias
name: Middendorf, Peter
name: Graf, Thomas
Publisher: name: The Design Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: design for recycling
natural fibre reinforced composites
hybrid
NFRP
selective reinforcement
laser-based pyrolysis

description: Lightweight components with natural fibre reinforced plastics
(NFRP) offer great potential in reducing energy consumption and
CO2 emissions, but the weak mechanical properties of natural
fibres limit possible applications. This contribution provides an
insight into the design, manufacturing and recycling of
components made from selectively reinforced hybrid NFRP, with
the aim of expanding the range of applications for NFRP. A
design method for an effective placement of local reinforcements
to increase mechanical performance is developed. Automated
fibre laying techniques like Tailored Fibre Placement (TFP) and
Dry Fibre Placement (DFP) are considered. Finally, a laser-
based pyrolysis process was developed for CF extraction. The
design method is applied using the example of a seat shell.
Manifestations of a spatial variation of fundamental constants on atomic clocks, Oklo, meteorites, and cosmological phenomena
Creators: name: Berengut, J. C.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The remarkable detection of a spatial variation in the fine-structure constant, alpha, from quasar absorption systems must be independently confirmed by complementary searches. In this letter, we discuss how terrestrial measurements of time-variation of the fundamental constants in the laboratory, meteorite data, and analysis of the Oklo nuclear reactor can be used to corroborate the spatial variation seen by astronomers. Furthermore, we show that spatial variation of the fundamental constants may be observable as spatial anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background, the accelerated expansion (dark energy), and large-scale structure of the Universe.
description: 4 pages
Thermodynamics of Slowly Rotating Charged Black Holes in anti-de Sitter Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
Creators: name: Zou, De-Cheng
name: Yang, Zhan-Ying
name: Yue, Rui-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using a new approach, we demonstrate analytic expressions for slowly rotating Gauss-Bonnet charged black holes with negative cosmological constant. Up to the linear order of the rotating parameter a, the mass, Hawking temperature and entropy of the charged black holes get no corrections from rotation.
description: 9 Pages, submitted to Chin. Phys. Lett
Wardani, Jane (2008) Master's Thesis
Creators: name: Wardani, Jane
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 120501 Community Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 120504 Land Use and Environmental Planning
subject: 120107 Landscape Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120507 Urban Analysis and Development

description: Stewardship Stories for Watershed Justice
by Jane WardaniB. A. (University of California, Berkeley) 2003
A thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the concurrent degrees of Master of City Planning and Master of Landscape Architecture in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley
Committee in charge:Professor Judith Innes, ChairProfessor Timothy DuaneProfessor Jason Corburn
Spring 2008
On the transverse scalar curvature of a compact Sasaki manifold
Creators: name: He, Weiyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D20

description: We show that the standard picture regarding the notion of stability of constant scalar curvature metrics in Kähler geometry described by S.K. Donaldson, which involves the geometry of infinite-dimensional groups and spaces, can be applied to the constant scalar curvature metrics in Sasaki geometry with only few modification. We prove that the space of Sasaki metrics is an infinite dimensional symmetric space and that the transverse scalar curvature of a Sasaki metric is a moment map of the strict contactomophism group.
description: 14 pages
Smartphone Usage Status, Sleep Pattern, Health-Related Quality of Life, and Physical Activity among Adolescents from before to during the COVID-19 Confinement a Cross-Sectional Study.
Creators: name: Dana, Amir
name: Nodeh, Helia
name: Hamid Salehian, Mir
name: Mokari Saei, Sima
name: Sarvari, Sepideh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sport and exercise psychology

description: Background: Finding behavioral changes in youth during the COVID-19 pandemic may provide a better image of the negative impact of quarantine on their mental and physical health. The purpose of the present research was to examine the smartphone usage status, sleep pattern, health-related quality of life, and physical activity among adolescents from before to during the COVID-19 confinement. Methods: The present study used a descriptive-comparative design. The participants were 384 male and female students aged 16 to 18 years (mean age of 16.84±1.06 years) in grades 11 and 12 from the high-schools of Golestan province, Iran, in 2020. Screen time, sleep pattern, health-related quality of life, and physical activity were measured using standard questionnaires. Paired-Sample t test was employed to compare the means of the constructs of the study from “before” to “during” the COVID-19 pandemic. Independent t test was used to measure gender differences. Results: Results shed light on the increments in smartphone use and decrements in sleep quality, health-related quality of life, and physical activity among adolescents from “before” to “during” the COVID-19 pandemic (all p <0.001). Girls had significantly higher use of smartphones in both “before” (P=0.003) and “during” (p <0.001) the pandemic compared with boys. However, no other gender differences were found among male and female adolescents (all P>0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed the effects of policies related to COVID-19 pandemic on health-related behaviors among adolescents and emphasized the importance of adopting appropriate coping strategies to promote healthy lifestyle during confinement.
Relativistic effects in HgTe and CdTe electronic structures
Creators: name: Hinostroza, C. D.
name: Rivera, P. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: In this work, we present the electronic structure of Cadmiun Telluride (CdTe) and Mercury Teluride (HgTe), obtained using the local spin density approximation, including the Hubbard correction (LSDA+U), in the density functional theory (DFT), considering non relativistic, relativistic, and relativistic with spin-orbit coupling effects for each alloy. The results show that relativistic effects reduce the band gap for both alloys, and inverted band ordering for HgTe is only possibe if spin-orbit copupling is considered.
The Effect of Mindfulness Protocol on Anxiety, Self-Efficacy and Performance of Athletes.
Creators: name: Bagheri, Elham
name: Dana, Amir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sport and exercise psychology

description: Present study aimed to investigate the effect of mindfulness protocol on anxiety, self-efficacy and performance of male shooters. The present study was a semi-experimental with design two groups of pretest-posttest with control group. Of all male shooters in Gorgan, in 2012, 30 shooters ranged in age from 19 to 30 years, randomly assigned to two groups of 15. The training program included six sessions of 75-90 minutes of Mindfulness/Control, and the statecompetitive anxiety inventory, general self-efficacy and performance scale in shooting were used for evaluation, and data were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance and Multivariate Analysis of Covariance. The results showed that the intervention of mindfulness reduced anxiety and increased self-efficacy and its components (desire to initiate behavior, desire to expand the effort, encounter obstacles) and improve exercise performance. According to the findings of this study, mindfulness interventions are one of the effective methods for improving athletes' performance.
The effect of scale-free topology on the robustness and evolvability of genetic regulatory networks
Creators: name: Greenbury, Sam F.
name: Johnston, Iain G.
name: Smith, Matthew A.
name: Doye, Jonathan P. K.
name: Louis, Ard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We investigate how scale-free (SF) and Erdos-Renyi (ER) topologies affect the interplay between evolvability and robustness of model gene regulatory networks with Boolean threshold dynamics. In agreement with Oikonomou and Cluzel (2006) we find that networks with SFin topologies, that is SF topology for incoming nodes and ER topology for outgoing nodes, are significantly more evolvable towards specific oscillatory targets than networks with ER topology for both incoming and outgoing nodes. Similar results are found for networks with SFboth and SFout topologies. The functionality of the SFout topology, which most closely resembles the structure of biological gene networks (Babu et al., 2004), is compared to the ER topology in further detail through an extension to multiple target outputs, with either an oscillatory or a non-oscillatory nature. For multiple oscillatory targets of the same length, the differences between SFout and ER networks are enhanced, but for non-oscillatory targets both types of networks show fairly similar evolvability. We find that SF networks generate oscillations much more easily than ER networks do, and this may explain why SF networks are more evolvable than ER networks are for oscillatory phenotypes. In spite of their greater evolvability, we find that networks with SFout topologies are also more robust to mutations than ER networks. Furthermore, the SFout topologies are more robust to changes in initial conditions (environmental robustness). For both topologies, we find that once a population of networks has reached the target state, further neutral evolution can lead to an increase in both the mutational robustness and the environmental robustness to changes in initial conditions.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures
Intensity mapping of molecular gas during cosmic reionization
Creators: name: Carilli, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a simple calculation of the expected mean CO brightness temperature from the large scale distribution of galaxies during cosmic reionization. The calculation is based on the cosmic star formation rate density required to reionize, and keep ionized, the intergalactic medium, and uses standard relationships between star formation rate, IR luminosity, and CO luminosity derived for star forming galaxies over a wide range in redshift. I find that the mean CO brightness temperature resulting from the galaxies that could reionize the Universe at $z = 8$ is $T_B \sim 1.1 (C/5) (f_{esc}/0.1)^{-1} μ$K, where $f_{esc}$ is the escape fraction of ionizing photons from the first galaxies, and $C$ is the IGM clumping factor. Intensity mapping of the CO emission from the large scale structure of the star forming galaxies during cosmic reionization on scales of order $10^2$ to 10$^3$ deg$^2$, in combination with HI 21cm imaging of the neutral IGM, will provide a comprehensive study of the earliest epoch of galaxy formation.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, aastex. to appear in ApJ letters
Gas dynamics in dwarf galaxies as testbeds for dark matter and galaxy evolution
Creators: name: Lelli, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dwarf galaxies are ideal laboratories to test dark matter models and alternative theories because their dynamical mass (from observed kinematics) largely outweighs their baryonic mass (from gas and stars). In most star-forming dwarfs, cold atomic gas forms regularly rotating disks extending beyond the stellar component, thus probing the gravitational potential out to the outermost regions. Here I review several aspects of gas dynamics in dwarf galaxies, such as rotation curves, mass models, and noncircular motions. Star-forming dwarfs extend the dynamical laws of spiral galaxies to lower masses, surface densities, and accelerations. The three main dynamical laws of rotation-supported galaxies point to three distinct acceleration scales, which play different physical roles but display the same value, within uncertainties. The small scatter around these dynamical laws implies a tight coupling between baryons and dark matter in galaxies, which will be better understood with next-generation surveys that will enlarge current sample sizes by orders of magnitude.
description: Invited Review for Nature Astronomy (25 pages, 5 figures, 2 boxes). Published read-only version available at https://rdcu.be/cFrZP
Accurate relativistic observables from post-processing light cone catalogues
Creators: name: Tian, Chi
name: Carney, Matthew F.
name: Mertens, James B.
name: Starkman, Glenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and study a new scheme to construct relativistic observables from post-processing light cone data. This construction is based on a novel approach, LC-Metric, which takes general light cone or snapshot output generated by arbitrary N-body simulations or emulations and solves the linearized Einstein equations to determine the spacetime metric on the light cone. We find that this scheme is able to determine the metric to high precision, and subsequently generate accurate mock cosmological observations sensitive to effects such as post-Born lensing and nonlinear ISW contributions. By comparing to conventional methods in quantifying those general relativistic effects, we show that this scheme is able to accurately construct the lensing convergence signal. We also find the accuracy of this method in quantifying the ISW effects in the highly nonlinear regime outperforms conventional methods by an order of magnitude. This scheme opens a new path for exploring and modeling higher-order and nonlinear general relativistic contributions to cosmological observables, including mock observations of gravitational lensing and the moving lens and Rees-Sciama effects.
NIR-Emissive Chromium(0), Molybdenum(0), and Tungsten(0) Complexes in the Solid State at Room Temperature
Creators: name: Boden, Pit
name: Di Martino-Fumo, Patrick
name: Bens, Tobias
name: Steiger, Sophie
name: Albold, Uta
name: Niedner-Schatteburg, Gereon
name: Gerhards, Markus
name: Sarkar, Biprajit
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: carbonyl ligands
subject: mesoionic carbenes
subject: NIR II emitters
subject: step-scan FTIR spectroscopy
subject: X-ray diffraction
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The development of NIR emitters based on earth-abundant elements is an important goal in contemporary science. We present here Cr(0), Mo(0), and W(0) carbonyl complexes with a pyridyl-mesoionic carbene (MIC) based ligand. A detailed photophysical investigation shows that all the complexes exhibit dual emissions in the VIS and in the NIR region. The emissive excited states are assigned to two distinct triplet states by time-resolved emission and step-scan FTIR spectroscopy at variable temperature, supported by density functional theory. In particular, the NIR emissive triplet state exhibits unprecedented lifetimes of up to 600±10 ns and quantum yields reaching 1.7 ⋅ 10−4 at room temperature. These are the first examples of Cr(0), Mo(0) and W(0) complexes that emit in the NIR II region.
A TOCTOU Attack on DICE Attestation
Creators: name: Hristozov, Stefan
name: Wettermann, Moritz
name: Huber, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A major security challenge for modern Internet of Things (IoT) deployments is to ensure that the devices run legitimate firmware free from malware. This challenge can be addressed through a security primitive called attestation which allows a remote backend to verify the firmware integrity of the devices it manages. In order to accelerate broad attestation adoption in the IoT domain the Trusted Computing Group (TCG) has introduced the Device Identifier Composition Engine (DICE) series of specifications. DICE is a hardware-software architecture for constrained, e.g., microcontroller-based IoT devices where the firmware is divided into successively executed layers. In this paper, we demonstrate a remote Time-Of-Check Time-Of-Use (TOCTOU) attack on DICE-based attestation. We demonstrate that it is possible to install persistent malware in the flash memory of a constrained microcontroller that cannot be detected through DICE-based attestation. The main idea of our attack is to install malware during runtime of application logic in the top firmware layer. The malware reads the valid attestation key and stores it on the device's flash memory. After reboot, the malware uses the previously stored key for all subsequent attestations to the backend. We conduct the installation of malware and copying of the key through Return-Oriented Programming (ROP). As a platform for our demonstration, we use the Cortex-M-based nRF52840 microcontroller. We provide a discussion of several possible countermeasures which can mitigate the shortcomings of the DICE specifications.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, to appear at CODASPY'22
Effects of Enhanced Expectancies and Autonomy Support on Learning Medical Motor Skills.
Creators: name: Dana, Amir
name: Baniasadi, Tayebeh
name: Mir Hamid, Salehian,
name: Sepideh, Sarvari,
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sport and exercise psychology

description: Background: The optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning (OPTIMAL) theory proposes that enhancing expectancies for future performance and supporting learners’ autonomy facilitate motor performance and learning. However, the effects of these factors on the performance of medical motor skills such as suturing have not been understood. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of enhanced expectancies and autonomy support (AU) on motor performance, learning, and self-efficacy of a medical motor skill. Methods: Participants were 63 right-handed medical students in the pre-clinical stage of their studies (years 1 and 2 of medical education). They were randomly assigned to 3 groups: (a) social-comparative feedback (SCF), (b) AU, and (c) control (CO) groups. A vertical mattress suture was chosen as a motor task. Following the pretest with 2 trials, all participants were exposed to a 5-day practice phase. The retention test was performed 1 week after the practice phase. During the practice phase, the SCF group received positive feedback at the end of the day. The AU group was given the option of choosing the color of silk sutures. The participants in the CO group practiced without any feedback or choosing the color of silk sutures. Suturing quality and self-efficacy were measured as dependent variables. Results: Positive SCF led to a better suturing performance on the retention test; however, AU did not enhance motor learning of a suturing motor task. Moreover, positive SCF increased self-efficacy during the acquisition phase and on the retention test, while AU had no positive effects on self …
Tail Behavior of Randomly Weighted Sums
Creators: name: Hazra, Rajat Subhra
name: Maulik, Krishanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60G70, Secondary 62G32

description: Let $\{X_t, t \geq 1\}$ be a sequence of identically distributed and pairwise asymptotically independent random variables with regularly varying tails and $\{ Θ_t, t\geq1 \}$ be a sequence of positive random variables independent of the sequence $\{X_t, t \geq 1\}$. We shall discuss the tail probabilities and almost sure convergence of $\xinf=\sum_{t=1}^{\infty}Θ_t X_t^{+}$ (where $X^+=\max\{0,X\}$) and $\max_{1\leq k0$, and if $\{Θ_t,t\geq1\}$ is a positive sequence of random variables independent of $\{X_t\}$, then it is known, which can also be obtained from the sufficient conditions above, that under some appropriate moment conditions on $\{Θ_t,t\geq1\}$, $\xinf=\sum_{t=1}^{\infty}Θ_t X_t$ converges with probability 1 and has regularly varying tail of index $-α$. Motivated by the converse problems in Jacobsen et al. (2009) we ask the question that, if $\xinf$ has regularly varying tail, then does $X_1$ have regularly varying tail under some appropriate conditions? We obtain appropriate sufficient moment conditions, including nonvanishing Mellin transform of $\sum_{t=1}^\infty Θ_t$ along some vertical line in the complex plane, so that the above is true. We also show that the condition on the Mellin transform cannot be dropped.
Dark Matter Universal Properties in Galaxies
Creators: name: Martins, Christiane Frigerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past years a wealth of observations has unraveled the structural properties of dark and luminous mass distribution in galaxies, a benchmark for understanding dark matter and the process of galaxy formation. The study of the kinematics of over thousand spirals has evidenced a dark-luminous matter coupling and the presence of a series of scaling laws, pictured by the Universal Rotation Curve paradigm, an intriguing observational scenario not easily explained by present theories of galaxy formation.
description: Proceedings of the VI International Workshop on the Dark side of the Universe. June 01-06, 2010. Le\'on, M\'exico
Robust antiferromagnetism in Y$_2$Co$_3$
Creators: name: Shi, Yunshu
name: Parker, David S.
name: Choi, Eun Sang
name: Devlin, Kasey P.
name: Yin, Li
name: Zhao, Jingtai
name: Klavins, Peter
name: Kauzlarich, Susan M.
name: Taufour, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a solution-growth based method to synthesise single crystals of Y$_2$Co$_3$ and on its structural and magnetic properties. We find that Y$_2$Co$_3$ crystallizes in the La2Ni3-type orthorhombic structure with space group Cmce (No. 64), with Co forming distorted kagome lattices. Y$_2$Co$_3$ orders antiferromagnetically below $T_N$ = 252 K. Magnetization measurements reveal that the moments are primarily aligned along the b axis with evidence for some canting. Band-structure calculations indicate that ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic orders are nearly degenerate, at odds with experimental results. Magnetization measurements under pressure up to 1 GPa reveal that the N/'eel temperature decreases with the slope of -1.69 K/GPa. We observe a field-induced spin-flop transition in the magnetization measurements at 1.5 K and 21 T with magnetic field along the b direction. The magnetization is not saturated up to 35 T, indicating that the antiferromagnetic ordering in Y$_2$Co$_3$ is quite robust, which is surprising for such a Co-rich intermetallic.
Chemical composition of clump stars in the open cluster NGC 6134
Creators: name: Mikolaitis, Šarūnas
name: Tautvaišienė, Gražina
name: Gratton, Raffaele
name: Bragaglia, Angela
name: Carretta, Eugenio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of high-resolution spectra of six core-helium-burning "clump" stars in the open cluster NGC 6134. Atmospheric parameters T_eff, log_g, v_t, and [Fe/H] were determined in our previous study by Carretta et al. (2004). In this study we present abundances of C, N, O and up to 24 other chemical elements. Abundances of carbon were derived using the C_2 Swan (0,1) band head at 5635.5 A (FEROS spectra) and the C_2 Swan (1,0) band head at 4737 A (UVES spectra). The wavelength interval 7980-8130 A, with strong CN features, was analysed in order to determine nitrogen abundances and 12^C/13^C isotope ratios. The oxygen abundances were determined from the [O I] line at 6300 A. Compared with the Sun and other dwarf stars of the Galactic disk, mean abundances in the investigated clump stars suggest that carbon is depleted by about 0.2 dex, nitrogen is overabundant by about 0.3 dex and oxygen is underabundant by about 0.1 dex. This has the effect of lowering the mean C/N ratio to 1.2 +- 0.2. The mean 12^C/13^C ratios are lowered to 9 +-2.5. Concerning other chemical elements, the analysis of sodium and magnesium lines (in NLTE), lines of other alpha-elements, iron-group and heavier chemical elements gave abundance ratios close to the solar ones.
Birds of a feather? The determinants of impartiality perceptions of the IMF and the World Bank
Creators: name: Heinzel, Mirko
name: Richter, Jonas
name: Busch, Per-Olof
name: Feil, Hauke
name: Herold, Jana
name: Liese, Andrea
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Impartiality
subject: bias
subject: International Financial Institutions
subject: International Monetary Fund
subject: World Bank
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank ascribe to impartiality in their mandates. At the same time, scholarship indicates that their decisions are disproportionately influenced by powerful member states. Impartiality is seen as crucial in determining International Organizations’ (IOs) effectiveness and legitimacy in the literature. However, we know little about whether key interlocutors in national governments perceive the International Financial Institutions as biased actors who do the bidding for powerful member states or as impartial executors of policy. In order to better understand these perceptions, we surveyed high-level civil servants who are chiefly responsible for four policy areas from more than 100 countries. We found substantial variations in impartiality perceptions. What explains these variations? By developing an argument of selective awareness, we extend rationalist and ideational perspectives on IO impartiality to explain domestic perceptions. Using novel survey data, we test whether staffing underrepresentation, voting underrepresentation, alignment to the major shareholders and overlapping economic policy paradigms are associated with impartiality perceptions. We find substantial evidence that shared economic policy paradigms influence impartiality perceptions. The findings imply that by diversifying their ideational culture, IOs can increase the likelihood that domestic stakeholders view them as impartial.
Particle Acceleration in Mildly Relativistic Outflows of Fast Energetic Transient Sources
Creators: name: Bykov, Andrei
name: Romansky, Vadim
name: Osipov, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent discovery of fast blue optical transients (FBOTs) as a new class of energetic transient sources can shed light on the long-standing problem of supernova-long gamma-ray burst connections. A distinctive feature of such objects is the presence of modestly relativistic outflows which place them in between the non-relativistic and relativistic supernovae-related events. Here we present the results of kinetic particle-in-cell and Monte Carlo simulations of particle acceleration and magnetic field amplification by shocks with the velocities in the interval between 0.1 and 0.7 c. These simulations are needed for the interpretation of the observed broad band radiation of FBOTs. Their fast, mildly to moderately relativistic outflows may efficiently accelerate relativistic particles. With particle-in-cell simulations we demonstrate that synchrotron radiation of accelerated relativistic electrons in the shock downstream may fit the observed radio fluxes. At longer timescales, well beyond those reachable within a particle-in-cell approach, our nonlinear Monte Carlo model predicts that protons and nuclei can be accelerated to petaelectronvolt (PeV) energies. Therefore, such fast and energetic transient sources can contribute to galactic populations of high energy cosmic rays.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures. Special Issue of "Universe" entitled: "Advances in the Physics of Stars: In Memory of Prof. Yu. N. Gnedin" Universe, 8, 32, 2022
The First Observations of Low Redshift Damped Lyman-alpha Systems with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph
Creators: name: Meiring, Joseph D.
name: Tripp, Todd M.
name: Prochaska, Jason X.
name: Tumlinson, Jason
name: Werk, Jessica
name: Jenkins, Edward B.
name: Thom, Chris
name: O'Meara, John M.
name: Sembach, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the first Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) observations of damped and sub-damped Lyman-alpha (DLA) systems discovered in a new survey of the gaseous halos of low-redshift galaxies. From observations of 37 sightlines, we have discovered three DLAs and four sub-DLAs. We measure the neutral gas density Omega(HI), and redshift density dN/dz, of DLA and sub-DLA systems at z<0.35. We find dN/dz=0.25 and Omega(HI)=1.4x10^-3 for DLAs, and dN/dz=0.08 with Omega(HI)=4.2x10^-5 for sub-DLAs over a redshift path delta z=11.9. To demonstrate the scientific potential of such systems, we present a detailed analysis of the DLA at z=0.1140 in the spectrum of SDSS J1009+0713. Profile fits to the absorption lines determine log N(H I)=20.68pm0.10 with a metallicity determined from the undepleted element Sulfur of [S/H]=-0.62pm0.18. The abundance pattern of this DLA is similar to that of higher z DLAs, showing mild depletion of the refractory elements Fe and Ti with [S/Fe]=+0.24pm0.22 and [S/Ti]=+0.28pm0.15. Nitrogen is underabundant in this system with [N/H]=-1.40pm0.14, placing this DLA below the plateau of the [N/alpha] measurements in the local Universe at similar metallicities. This DLA has a simple kinematic structure with only two components required to fit the profiles and a kinematic width of 52 km/s. Imaging of the QSO field with WFC3 reveals a spiral galaxy at very small impact parameter to the QSO and several galaxies within 10". Followup spectra with LRIS reveal that none of the nearby galaxies are at the redshift of the DLA. The spiral galaxy is identified as the host galaxy of the QSO based on the near perfect alignment of the nucleus and disk of the galaxy as well as spectra of an H II region showing emission lines at the QSO redshift. A small feature appears 0.70" from the nucleus of the QSO after PSF subtraction, providing another candidate for the host galaxy of the DLA. (abb)
description: 11 pages, 9 figues, Submitted to ApJ
MPEC 2024-S55 : 2024 SU
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 SU

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Measuring the Role of Uniqueness and Consistency to Develop Effective Advertising
Creators: name: Mafael, Alexander
name: Raithel, Sascha
name: Taylor, Charles R.
name: Stewart, David W.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Advertising
subject: Uniqueness
subject: Consistency
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: Prior research on creativity and the effectiveness of executional factors in advertising has focused on the impact of uniqueness and consistency in comparison to prior and competitive advertising. Relatively little is known about the specific impact of these variables and their relationship to each other, and few existing measures of consistency and uniqueness extend beyond subjective rating scales. In this research, we develop new measures of advertising uniqueness and consistency. We use data from 10 years of Super Bowl advertisements along with panel data on word-of-mouth communication for the advertised brands (buzz) to demonstrate the validity of this methodology. Our findings suggest it is not the presence of any particular element but whether the element and what it is combined with are unique and consistent. Advertisements are likely to be more effective if they are unique from earlier ads for all brands but also consistent with ads for the same brand from prior periods.
Assessing the Individual Interviewer Rapport-Building and Supportive Techniques of the R-NICHD Protocol
Creators: name: Tamm, Anett
name: Otzipka, Jana
name: Volbert, Renate
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: R-NICHD protocol
subject: child sexual abuse
subject: rapport
subject: support
subject: interviewing
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The use of the rapport-building and supportive techniques formulated by the R-NICHD protocol is intended to support children and increase the quality of their statements as well as disclosures without possessing suggestive potential. While the effectiveness of the entire R-NICHD protocol for children who have actually experienced child sexual abuse (CSA) has been supported by research, to date no study assessed the effect of each individual socio-emotional interview technique in both interviewees with and without CSA experiences. The current study aimed to address this gap in research by means of an online vignette-study, asking participants to rate the identified rapport-building and supportive techniques on the scales well-being, willingness to talk, and perceived pressure. A total of 187 participants were randomly assigned to either a hypothetical "abused " or a hypothetical "not abused " group by means of a vignette-manipulation. The results suggest that many socio-emotional interview techniques were perceived as supportive and non-suggestive, while a number of techniques were perceived as not supportive but suggestive. Few differences emerged between the hypothetical "abused " group and the hypothetical "not abused " control group. To conclude, most but not all rapport-building and supportive techniques proposed by the R-NICHD protocol had a positive effect on interviewees.
A Knowledge-Based Decision Support System for In Vitro Fertilization Treatment
Creators: name: Wang, Xizhe
name: Zhang, Ning
name: Wang, Jia
name: Ni, Jing
name: Sun, Xinzi
name: Zhang, John
name: Liu, Zitao
name: Cao, Yu
name: Liu, Benyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is the most widely used Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). IVF usually involves controlled ovarian stimulation, oocyte retrieval, fertilization in the laboratory with subsequent embryo transfer. The first two steps correspond with follicular phase of females and ovulation in their menstrual cycle. Therefore, we refer to it as the treatment cycle in our paper. The treatment cycle is crucial because the stimulation medications in IVF treatment are applied directly on patients. In order to optimize the stimulation effects and lower the side effects of the stimulation medications, prompt treatment adjustments are in need. In addition, the quality and quantity of the retrieved oocytes have a significant effect on the outcome of the following procedures. To improve the IVF success rate, we propose a knowledge-based decision support system that can provide medical advice on the treatment protocol and medication adjustment for each patient visit during IVF treatment cycle. Our system is efficient in data processing and light-weighted which can be easily embedded into electronic medical record systems. Moreover, an oocyte retrieval oriented evaluation demonstrates that our system performs well in terms of accuracy of advice for the protocols and medications.
description: 8 pages, 2020 IEEE International Conference on E-health Networking, Application & Services (HEALTHCOM). IEEE, 2021
QCD corrections to top quark pair production in association with a photon at hadron colliders
Creators: name: Melnikov, Kirill
name: Scharf, Andreas
name: Schulze, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute QCD corrections to the production of a ttbar pair in association with a hard photon at the Tevatron and the LHC. This process allows a direct measurement of the top quark electromagnetic couplings that, at the moment, are only loosely constrained. We include top quark decays, treating them in the narrow width approximation, and retain spin correlations of final-state particles. Photon radiation off top quark decay products is included in our calculation and yields a significant contribution to the cross-section. We study next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the ppbar -> ttbar+gamma process at the Tevatron for the selection criteria used in a recent measurement by the CDF collaboration. We also discuss the impact of QCD corrections to the pp -> ttbar+gamma process on the measurement of the top quark electric charge at the 14 TeV LHC.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures; extended reference list, update of quoted experimental efficiencies
Deep Learning in Virtual Screening: Recent Applications and Developments
Creators: name: Kimber, Talia B.
name: Chen, Yonghui
name: Volkamer, Andrea
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: virtual screening
subject: drug-target interaction
subject: deep learning
subject: protein encoding
subject: ligand encoding
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Drug discovery is a cost and time-intensive process that is often assisted by computational methods, such as virtual screening, to speed up and guide the design of new compounds. For many years, machine learning methods have been successfully applied in the context of computer-aided drug discovery. Recently, thanks to the rise of novel technologies as well as the increasing amount of available chemical and bioactivity data, deep learning has gained a tremendous impact in rational active compound discovery. Herein, recent applications and developments of machine learning, with a focus on deep learning, in virtual screening for active compound design are reviewed. This includes introducing different compound and protein encodings, deep learning techniques as well as frequently used bioactivity and benchmark data sets for model training and testing. Finally, the present state-of-the-art, including the current challenges and emerging problems, are examined and discussed.
Think Tanks in a Limited Access Order: The Case of Ukraine
Creators: name: Keudel, Oleksandra
name: Carbou, Olena
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Post-Soviet politics
subject: think tanks
subject: policy advice
subject: hybrid regime
subject: Ukraine
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: This article belongs to the special cluster, "Think Tanks in Central and Eastern Europe", guest-edited by Katarzyna Jezierska and Serena Giusti. Think tanks outside liberal democracies have distinctive features that go beyond the features of the original concept that emerged within the US context. Departing from this empirical observation, we investigate the sources of the organizational power of think tanks in Ukraine as a case of a limited access order (LAO), a social order where privileged individuals maintain discretionary access to societal resources, functions, and institutions. To accomplish this goal, we apply Thomas Medvetz's analytical concept of a "boundary organization," which allows us to highlight the hybridity and flexibility of think tanks and thus understand their methods of gaining political access in an LAO. The analysis of interviews with senior representatives of nongovernmental think tanks in Ukraine in 2016-2017 demonstrates that Ukrainian think tanks are resourceful and find indirect ways of influencing politics. These organizations publish their reports in the media and deliver assessments of Ukraine's international commitments to the country's donors, thereby indirectly influencing the policy process in the country. Ukrainian think tanks also comply with the expectations of a boundary organization, accumulating and converting economic, academic, and media capital into political capital, using advocacy and networking as conversion tools. One important difference between the expectations of Medvetz's framework and our findings is that political capital seems to be the goal of think tank activity, while the three other types are used merely instrumentally.
Fitting Distances by Tree Metrics Minimizing the Total Error within a Constant Factor
Creators: name: Cohen-Addad, Vincent
name: Das, Debarati
name: Kipouridis, Evangelos
name: Parotsidis, Nikos
name: Thorup, Mikkel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the numerical taxonomy problem of fitting a positive distance function ${D:{S\choose 2}\rightarrow \mathbb R_{>0}}$ by a tree metric. We want a tree $T$ with positive edge weights and including $S$ among the vertices so that their distances in $T$ match those in $D$. A nice application is in evolutionary biology where the tree $T$ aims to approximate the branching process leading to the observed distances in $D$ [Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards 1967]. We consider the total error, that is the sum of distance errors over all pairs of points. We present a deterministic polynomial time algorithm minimizing the total error within a constant factor. We can do this both for general trees, and for the special case of ultrametrics with a root having the same distance to all vertices in $S$. The problems are APX-hard, so a constant factor is the best we can hope for in polynomial time. The best previous approximation factor was $O((\log n)(\log \log n))$ by Ailon and Charikar [2005] who wrote "Determining whether an $O(1)$ approximation can be obtained is a fascinating question".
description: 46 pages, Accepted to FOCS 2021 (Full version)
Supplementary material for the manuscript "Symptom Networks in Depression: Temporal Dynamics of Mood, Cognition, and Behavior during Treatment"
Creators: name: Quaatz, Sarah M.
name: Benz, Sabrina
name: Just, Leah
name: Vierl, Larissa
name: Tamm, Jeanette
name: Egli, Samy
name: Kopf-Beck, Johannes
Publisher: name: PsychArchives
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: difficulties in emotion regulation
subject: repetitive negative thinking
subject: mood
subject: ecological momentary assessment
subject: actigraphy
subject: depression
subject: 150

description: Purpose: Network models provide valuable insights into the dynamic interplay of symptoms in depression. Key transdiagnostic mechanisms such as repetitive negative thinking, difficulties in emotion regulation, and physical activity contribute to depression's persistence. Understanding their contemporaneous and temporal relationships could help optimize treatment approaches. Methods: Moderately to severely depressed patients (N = 59) from a psychotherapy RCT were assessed using actigraphy (continuously) and ecological momentary assessment (three prompts per day) during treatment (Mdays = 40.90). Data were aggregated per day, and contemporaneous and temporal networks were estimated using multilevel vector autoregression (mlVAR). Results: The contemporaneous network revealed a strong positive association between difficulties in emotion regulation and repetitive negative thinking, suggesting mutual reinforcement within the same day. Mood was negatively associated with both mechanisms, while physical activity was positively linked to mood. The temporal network showed autoregressive effects for all variables, indicating their persistence from one day to the next. Furthermore, mood was negatively associated with difficulties in emotion regulation, but no other relationships were found. In the temporal network, physical activity showed no sustained influence on mood or other symptoms. Conclusions: These findings suggest that difficulties in emotion regulation, repetitive negative thinking, activity and mood are closely interlinked within a given day, reinforcing depressive symptom cycles. However, besides consistent autoregressive effects, their temporal interplay over multiple days appears less pronounced, apart from mood influencing emotion regulation difficulties. The immediate but non-sustained effect of physical activity on mood highlights the need for further research on symptom dynamics and personalized interventions.