cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A fully Bayesian sparse polynomial chaos expansion approach with joint priors on the coefficients and global selection of terms
Creators: name: Bürkner, Paul-Christian
name: Kröker, Ilja
name: Oladyshkin, Sergey
name: Nowak, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) is a versatile tool widely used in uncertainty quantification and machine learning, but its successful application depends strongly on the accuracy and reliability of the resulting PCE-based response surface. High accuracy typically requires high polynomial degrees, demanding many training points especially in high-dimensional problems through the curse of dimensionality. So-called sparse PCE concepts work with a much smaller selection of basis polynomials compared to conventional PCE approaches and can overcome the curse of dimensionality very efficiently, but have to pay specific attention to their strategies of choosing training points. Furthermore, the approximation error resembles an uncertainty that most existing PCE-based methods do not estimate. In this study, we develop and evaluate a fully Bayesian approach to establish the PCE representation via joint shrinkage priors and Markov chain Monte Carlo. The suggested Bayesian PCE model directly aims to solve the two challenges named above: achieving a sparse PCE representation and estimating uncertainty of the PCE itself. The embedded Bayesian regularizing via the joint shrinkage prior allows using higher polynomial degrees for given training points due to its ability to handle underdetermined situations, where the number of considered PCE coefficients could be much larger than the number of available training points. We also explore multiple variable selection methods to construct sparse PCE expansions based on the established Bayesian representations, while globally selecting the most meaningful orthonormal polynomials given the available training data. We demonstrate the advantages of our Bayesian PCE and the corresponding sparsity-inducing methods on several benchmarks.
Underdevelopment and Economic Theory of Growth: Case for Infant Industry Promotion
Creators: name: Zambakari, Christopher
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Resource curse
Developing countries
Sustainable development--Economic aspects
Economic development
Sustainability
Economics

description: The article reviews the literature on economic development, critiques neoliberal economic theories, and advances the theory of infant industry promotion as an alternative model for development in Africa. The essay argues that for developing countries to catch up to developed countries requires contextualizing development theory, applying selective economic policies to industries where productive capacities can be developed, and localizing the policy lessons to develop the productive abilities of local industries. The role of state in development and implementation of protective measures such as tariffs, import bans on key raw materials, and rebates on industrial inputs is discussed. To escape the Resource Curse, African states will have to develop an alternative source of employment, an industrial base, and strengthen the productive powers of infant industries if those industries are to survive fierce international competition. To be durable in the African context, economic policy must reflect local conditions, vary from one historical context to the next, use readily available resources, and adequately respond to local problems.
Bleeding Defects: Surface Bleeding on Skin Removal
Creators: name: AgResearch MIRINZ
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 30
subject: Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences

description: The leakage of blood from vessels after death causes several visual defects. This Bulletin describes one such defect, surface bleeding after skin removal, outlines possible causes of this defect and suggests ways to reduce its incidence and severity.
Thermal and Thermoelectric Properties of Graphene
Creators: name: Xu, Yong
name: Li, Zuanyi
name: Duan, Wenhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The subject of thermal transport at the mesoscopic scale and in low-dimensional systems is interesting for both fundamental research and practical applications. As the first example of truly two-dimensional materials, graphene has exceptionally high thermal conductivity, and thus provides an ideal platform for the research. Here we review recent studies on thermal and thermoelectric properties of graphene, with an emphasis on experimental progresses. A general physical picture based on the Landauer transport formalism is introduced to understand underlying mechanisms. We show that the superior thermal conductivity of graphene is contributed not only by large ballistic thermal conductance but also by very long phonon mean free path (MFP). The long phonon MFP, explained by the low-dimensional nature and high sample purity of graphene, results in important isotope effects and size effects on thermal conduction. In terms of various scattering mechanisms in graphene, several approaches are suggested to control thermal conductivity. Among them, introducing rough boundaries and weakly-coupled interfaces are promising ways to suppress thermal conduction effectively. We also discuss the Seebeck effect of graphene. Graphene itself might not be a good thermoelectric material. However, the concepts developed by graphene research might be applied to improve thermoelectric performance of other materials.
description: Accepted by Small
Illposedness of $C^{2}$ vortex patches
Creators: name: Kiselev, Alexander
name: Luo, Xiaoyutao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is well known that vortex patches are wellposed in $C^{1,α}$ if $0<α<1$. In this paper, we prove the illposedness of $C^{2}$ vortex patches. The setup is to consider the vortex patches in Sobolev spaces $W^{2,p}$ where the curvature of the boundary is $L^p$ integrable. In this setting, we show the persistence of $W^{2,p}$ regularity when $10$. The key ingredient is the evolution equation for the curvature, the dominant term in which turns out to be linear and dispersive.
description: v2: a few corrections, to appear in ARMA
LesBiSchwuler Gottesdienst zum Nulltarif?
Creators: name: Flory, Hans T.
Publisher: name: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Bd. 4 Nr. 4 (1997): Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Band 4, Heft 4
Solar and planetary oscillation control on climate change: hind-cast, forecast and a comparison with the CMIP5 GCMs
Creators: name: Scafetta, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global surface temperature records (e.g. HadCRUT4) since 1850 are characterized by climatic oscillations synchronous with specific solar, planetary and lunar harmonics superimposed on a background warming modulation. The latter is related to a long millennial solar oscillation and to changes in the chemical composition of the atmosphere (e.g. aerosol and greenhouse gases). However, current general circulation climate models, e.g. the CMIP5 GCMs, to be used in the AR5 IPCC Report in 2013, fail to reconstruct the observed climatic oscillations. As an alternate, an empirical model is proposed that uses: (1) a specific set of decadal, multidecadal, secular and millennial astronomic harmonics to simulate the observed climatic oscillations; (2) a 0.45 attenuation of the GCM ensemble mean simulations to model the anthropogenic and volcano forcing effects. The proposed empirical model outperforms the GCMs by better hind-casting the observed 1850-2012 climatic patterns. It is found that: (1) about 50-60% of the warming observed since 1850 and since 1970 was induced by natural oscillations likely resulting from harmonic astronomical forcings that are not yet included in the GCMs; (2) a 2000-2040 approximately steady projected temperature; (3) a 2000-2100 projected warming ranging between 0.3 $^{o}C$ and 1.6 $^{o}C$, which is significantly lower than the IPCC GCM ensemble mean projected warming of 1.1 $^{o}C$ to 4.1 $^{o}C$; ; (4) an equilibrium climate sensitivity to $CO_{2}$ doubling centered in 1.35 $^{o}C$ and varying between 0.9 $^{o}C$ and 2.0 $^{o}C$.
description: 35 Pages, 18 Figures. General Review in "Mechanisms of Climate Change and the AGW Concept: a critical review"
Deep Grading based on Collective Artificial Intelligence for AD Diagnosis and Prognosis
Creators: name: Nguyen, Huy-Dung
name: Clément, Michaël
name: Mansencal, Boris
name: Coupé, Pierrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate diagnosis and prognosis of Alzheimer's disease are crucial to develop new therapies and reduce the associated costs. Recently, with the advances of convolutional neural networks, methods have been proposed to automate these two tasks using structural MRI. However, these methods often suffer from lack of interpretability, generalization, and can be limited in terms of performance. In this paper, we propose a novel deep framework designed to overcome these limitations. Our framework consists of two stages. In the first stage, we propose a deep grading model to extract meaningful features. To enhance the robustness of these features against domain shift, we introduce an innovative collective artificial intelligence strategy for training and evaluating steps. In the second stage, we use a graph convolutional neural network to better capture AD signatures. Our experiments based on 2074 subjects show the competitive performance of our deep framework compared to state-of-the-art methods on different datasets for both AD diagnosis and prognosis.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2206.03247
Instantaneous Emission Rate of Electron Transport through a quantum point contact
Creators: name: Yin, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory to describe the instantaneous emission rate of electron transport in quantum-coherent conductors. Due to the Pauli exclusion principle, electron emission events are usually correlated. This makes the emission rate is not a constant, but depends on the history of the emission process. To incorporate such history dependence, in this paper we characterize the emission rate via the conditional intensity function, which has been introduced in the theory of random point process. The conditional intensity function can be treated as the instantaneous emission rate observed by an ideal single-electron detector since a given starting time. We demonstrate the method by studying the instantaneous emission rate of a single-channel quantum point contact driven by a constant voltage. As the quantum point contact is opened up, we show that the emission process evolves from a simple Poisson process close to pinch-off to a non-renewal process at full transmission. These results shows that the conditional intensity function can provide an intuitive and unified description of the emission process in quantum-coherent conductors.
Gestern verübte an sich "der Edle" kläglichen Selbstmord. Schneller ist keiner verwest; heute schon frass ihn der Wurm.; [um 1849]
Creators: name: Schalck, Ernst
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Flugblatt mit Karikatur auf die Abgeordneten Heinrich von Gagern und Christian Friedrich Wurm
The Impact of Continued Mekong Basin Hydropower Development on Local Livelihoods
Creators: name: Pearse-Smith, Scott William David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Food security
Water-power--Environmental aspects
Water resources development--Management
Regional planning
Renewable energy sources

description: Hydropower development of the Mekong Basin is proceeding at an increasingly rapid pace. Hydropower has already affected the natural and social environments of the Mekong, and threatens to cause further devastation for local livelihoods as hydropower projects increase in size and number. This article builds upon scientific knowledge of the environmental effects of Mekong hydropower development to consider what impacts these environmental changes will have on local livelihoods. Attention is focused on how hydropower development will affect crucial renewable resources, and how this will affect the production of food and income for millions of the basin’s inhabitants. This study contends that the food and economic security of the majority of the local population is inextricably intertwined with the integrity of the natural environment. Therefore, continued hydropower development will have a devastating impact on the livelihoods of millions of the basin’s inhabitants. More sustainable alternatives are desperately required.
Adjoint-Based Error Estimation and Mesh Adaptation for Hybridized Discontinuous Galerkin Methods
Creators: name: Woopen, Michael
name: May, Georg
name: Schütz, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a robust and efficient target-based mesh adaptation methodology, building on hybridized discontinuous Galerkin schemes for (nonlinear) convection-diffusion problems, including the compressible Euler and Navier-Stokes equations. Hybridization of finite element discretizations has the main advantage, that the resulting set of algebraic equations has globally coupled degrees of freedom only on the skeleton of the computational mesh. Consequently, solving for these degrees of freedom involves the solution of a potentially much smaller system. This not only reduces storage requirements, but also allows for a faster solution with iterative solvers. The mesh adaptation is driven by an error estimate obtained via a discrete adjoint approach. Furthermore, the computed target functional can be corrected with this error estimate to obtain an even more accurate value. The aim of this paper is twofold: Firstly, to show the superiority of adjoint-based mesh adaptation over uniform and residual-based mesh refinement, and secondly to investigate the efficiency of the global error estimate.
Asymptotics of neutron Cooper pair in weakly bound nuclei
Creators: name: Zhang, Y.
name: Matsuo, M.
name: Meng, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asymptotic form of neutron Cooper pair penetrating to the exterior of nuclear surface is investigated with the Bogoliubov theory for the superfluid Fermions. Based on a two-particle Schrödinger equation governing the Cooper pair wave function and systematic studies for both weakly bound and stable nuclei, the Cooper pair is shown to be spatially correlated even in the asymptotic large distance limit, and the penetration length of the pair condensate is revealed to be universally governed by the two-neutron separation energy $S_{2n}$ and the di-neutron mass $2m$.
Growth of grains in Brown Dwarf disks
Creators: name: Meru, Farzana
name: Galvagni, Marina
name: Olczak, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform coagulation and fragmentation simulations using the new physically-motivated model by Garaud et al. (2013) to determine growth locally in brown dwarf disks. We show that large grains can grow and that if brown dwarf disks are scaled down versions of T Tauri disks (in terms of stellar mass, disk mass and disk radius) growth at an equivalent location with respect to the disk truncation radius can occur to the same size in both disks. We show that similar growth occurs because the collisional timescales in the two disks are comparable. Our model may therefore potentially explain the recent observations of grain growth to millimetre sizes in brown dwarf disks, as seen in T Tauri disks.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJL
Peri-Urban Livelihood and Adaptive Capacity: Urban Development in Dar Es Salaam
Creators: name: Ricci, Liana
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Community development, Urban
subject: Climate change mitigation
subject: Sustainability
subject: Regional planning
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Climatic changes

description: This research focuses on the interactions between urban development and global environmental change processes as crucial for reducing the impacts of climate change. Together with the challenges of rapid urban growth, environmental change impacts will undermine efforts to achieve sustainable development. Peri-urban refers to the area where urban and rural features and processes meet, intertwine and interact, usually located between city and countryside. Peri-urban growth patterns are shaping most of the urban development in sub-Saharan Africa, raising concerns regarding vulnerability to global environmental change in unplanned settlements. To date, there has been little exploration of the implications of peri-urban patterns for social vulnerability and adaptation options. The study discussed in this paper, conducted in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, illustrates the livelihood strategies and environmental management practices used by peri-urban dwellers, while underlining challenges and opportunities for adaptive capacity. According to a few scholars, the acknowledgement of such hybridity leads to a reconsideration of the dominant strategies for addressing environmental issues in peri-urban areas. Assuming the transition to urban is the best solution, those strategies emphasize the role of infrastructure and services provisioning. Moreover, a criticism of dominant approaches arises through analysis of the recent trend toward ecological security in global cities’ environmental management.
Switching of the Magnetic Vortex Core in a Pac-man Disk using a Single Field-Pulse
Creators: name: Sato, Tomonori
name: Yamada, Keisuke
name: Nakatani, Yoshinobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the switching of the magnetic vortex core in a Pac-man disk using a magnetic field pulse, investigated via micromagnetic simulations. The minimum core switching field is reduced by 72 % compared to that of a circular disk with the same diameter and thickness. However, the core switches irregularly with respect to both the field pulse amplitude and duration. This irregularity is induced by magnetization oscillations which arise due to excitation of the spin waves when the core annihilates. We show that the core switching can be controlled with the assist magnetic field and by changing the waveform.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Proximate deconfined quantum critical point in SrCu2(BO3)2
Creators: name: Cui, Yi
name: Liu, Lu
name: Lin, Huihang
name: Wu, Kai-Hsin
name: Hong, Wenshan
name: Liu, Xuefei
name: Li, Cong
name: Hu, Ze
name: Xi, Ning
name: Li, Shiliang
name: Yu, Rong
name: Sandvik, Anders W.
name: Yu, Weiqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The deconfined quantum critical point (DQCP) represents a paradigm shift in quantum matter studies, presenting a "beyond Landau" scenario for order--order transitions. Its experimental realization, however, has remained elusive. Using high-pressure $^{11}$B NMR measurements on the quantum magnet SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$, we here demonstrate a magnetic-field induced plaquette-singlet to antiferromagnetic transition above 1.8 GPa at a remarkably low temperature, $T_{\rm c}\simeq 0.07$ K. First-order signatures of the transition weaken with increasing pressure, and we observe quantum critical scaling at the highest pressure, 2.4 GPa. Supported by model calculations, we suggest that these observations can be explained by a proximate DQCP inducing critical quantum fluctuations and emergent O(3) symmetry of the order parameters. Our findings take the DQCP from a theoretical concept to a concrete experimental platform.
LEGAL PROBLEMS IN ONLINE BUYING AND SELLING (E-COMMERCE) REVIEWED FROM LAWS AND REGULATIONS
Creators: name: KUSWORO WIBOWO
name: BUDI SANTOSO
name: BAMBANG EKO TURISNO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Problem, Online, Selling, E-Commerce, Legal

description: Abstract
This study aims to analyze legal problems in online buying and selling (e-commerce) in terms of laws and regulations. The research method used is normative juridical. The results showed that the application of online buying and selling in practice raises several legal problems, including the following: 1) Consumers cannot immediately identify, see, or touch the goods to be ordered; 2) Unclear information regarding the products offered and/or there is no certainty whether consumers have obtained various information that is worthy of being known, or that is necessary to make decisions in a transaction; 3) Unclear status of the legal subject of business actors; 4) There is no guarantee of transaction security and privacy and an explanation of the risks associated with the system used; 5) The imposition of unbalanced risk, because generally for buying and selling on the internet, payments have been made in full first by consumers, while the goods are not necessarily received or will follow later, because the existing guarantee is a guarantee of delivery of goods not receipt of goods; 6) it is difficult to know clearly when an agreement between the two parties will occur; 7) There is no guarantee institution for the validity of the online shop; 8) Transaction security issues related to legal certainty guarantees
Ein kühner Griff. Sitzung v. 24 Juni. Ein miss. Griff. Sitzung v. 26 October; [1848]
Creators: name: Schalck, Ernst
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Verlag v. R. Baist in Rödelheim
Persistence criteria for a chemostat with variable nutrient input and variable washout with delayed response in growth
Creators: name: Cartabia, Mauro Rodriguez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a general chemostat model with a discrete-time delay between consumption and growth. The goal of this article is to provide sufficient and necessary conditions for persistence. This extends previous works in the matter. Furthermore, in the particular case of periodic nutrient input and the same periodic washout with delayed response in growth, the persistence criteria are average criteria. We remark in no case we need to impose any restrictions on the size of the delay.
description: 23 pages, no figure
Amorphous ultra-wide bandgap ZnOx thin films deposited at cryogenic temperatures
Creators: name: Zubkins, M.
name: Gabrusenoks, J.
name: Chikvaidze, G.
name: Aulika, I.
name: Butikova, J.
name: Kalendarev, R.
name: Bikse, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystalline wurtzite zinc oxide (w-ZnO) can be used as a wide band gap semiconductor for light emitting devices and for transparent or high temperature electronics. The use of amorphous zinc oxide (a-ZnO) can be an advantage in these applications. In this paper we report on X-ray amorphous a-ZnOx thin films (~500 nm) deposited at cryogenic temperatures by reactive magnetron sputtering. The substrates were cooled by a nitrogen flow through the copper substrate holder during the deposition. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, infrared, UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopies, and ellipsometry. The a-ZnOx films on glass and Ti substrates were obtained at the substrate holder temperature of approximately -100 oC. New vibration bands at 201, 372, and 473 cm-1 as well as O-H stretch and bend absorption bands in the a-ZnOx films were detected by FTIR spectroscopy. Raman spectra showed characteristic ZnO2 peaks at 386 and 858 cm-1 attributed to the peroxide ion O22- stretching and libration modes, respectively. In addition, the films contain neutral and ionized O2 and O2- species. The a-ZnOx films are highly transparent in the visible light range (approx. 87%) and exhibit a refractive index of 1.68 at 2.25 eV (550 nm). An optical band gaps is 4.65 eV with an additional band edge absorption feature at 3.50 eV. It has been shown that the deposition on actively cooled substrates can be a suitable technique to obtain low temperature phases that cannot be deposited at room temperature.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Domain wall nature of sketched LaAlO3/SrTiO3 nanowires
Creators: name: Qiu, Dawei
name: Ha, Mengke
name: Xiao, Qing
name: Qin, Zhiyuan
name: Liu, Danqing
name: Ma, Changjian
name: Cheng, Guanglei
name: Du, Jiangfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rich electron correlations and highly coherent transport in reconfigurable devices sketched by a conductive atomic force microscope tip at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface have enabled the oxide platform an ideal playground for studying correlated electrons and quantum technological applications. Why these one-dimensional devices possess enhanced properties over the two-dimensional interface, however, has remained elusive. Here we provide evidence that one-dimensional LaAlO3/SrTiO3 nanowires are intrinsically ferroelastic domain walls by nature through thermodynamic study. We have observed spreading resistance anomalies under thermo-stimulus and temperature cycles, with characteristic temperatures matching domain wall polarity. This information is crucial in understanding the novel phenomena including superconductivity and high mobility quantum transport.
Lattice QCD at the physical point meets SU(2) chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Durr, Stephan
name: Fodor, Zoltan
name: Hoelbling, Christian
name: Krieg, Stefan
name: Kurth, Thorsten
name: Lellouch, Laurent
name: Lippert, Thomas
name: Malak, Rehan
name: Metivet, Thibaut
name: Portelli, Antonin
name: Sastre, Alfonso
name: Szabo, Kalman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a detailed, fully-correlated study of the chiral behavior of the pion mass and decay constant, based on 2+1 flavor lattice QCD simulations. These calculations are implemented using tree-level, O(a)-improved Wilson fermions, at four values of the lattice spacing down to 0.054 fm and all the way down to below the physical value of the pion mass. They allow a sharp comparison with the predictions of SU(2) chiral perturbation theory (χPT) and a determination of some of its low energy constants. In particular, we systematically explore the range of applicability of NLO SU(2) χPT in two different expansions: the first in quark mass (x-expansion), and the second in pion mass (ξ-expansion). We find that these expansions begin showing signs of failure around M_π=300 MeV for the typical percent-level precision of our N_f=2+1 lattice results. We further determine the LO low energy constants (LECs), F=88.0 \pm 1.3\pm 0.3 and B^\msbar(2 GeV)=2.58 \pm 0.07 \pm 0.02 GeV, and the related quark condensate, Σ^\msbar(2 GeV)=(271\pm 4\pm 1 MeV)^3, as well as the NLO ones, l_3=2.5 \pm 0.5 \pm 0.4 and l_4=3.8 \pm 0.4 \pm 0.2, with fully controlled uncertainties. We also explore the NNLO expansions and the values of NNLO LECs. In addition, we show that the lattice results favor the presence of chiral logarithms. We further demonstrate how the absence of lattice results with pion masses below 200 MeV can lead to misleading results and conclusions. Our calculations allow a fully controlled, ab initio determination of the pion decay constant with a total 1% error, which is in excellent agreement with experiment.
Asteroseismic effects in close binary stars
Creators: name: Springer, Ofer M.
name: Shaviv, Nir J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent processes in the convective envelopes of the sun and stars have been shown to be a source of internal acoustic excitations. In single stars, acoustic waves having frequencies below a certain cutoff frequency propagate nearly adiabatically and are effectively trapped below the photosphere where they are internally reflected. This reflection essentially occurs where the local wavelength becomes comparable to the pressure scale height. In close binary stars, the sound speed is a constant on equipotentials, while the pressure scale height, which depends on the local effective gravity, varies on equipotentials and may be much greater near the inner Lagrangian point (L_1). As a result, waves reaching the vicinity of L_1 may propagate unimpeded into low density regions, where they tend to dissipate quickly due to non-linear and radiative effects. We study the three dimensional propagation and enhanced damping of such waves inside a set of close binary stellar models using a WKB approximation of the acoustic field. We find that these waves can have much higher damping rates in close binaries, compared to their non-binary counterparts. We also find that the relative distribution of acoustic energy density at the visible surface of close binaries develops a ring-like feature at specific acoustic frequencies and binary separations.
Approach to identifying the ideal time to perform an FMEA during the product development process
Creators: name: Würtenberger, Jan
name: Kloberdanz, Hermann
Publisher: name: Technical University of Denmark, DTU : International Symposium on Robust Design
Year: 2014

description: The Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is one way to preventatively identify failures. In it, failures and their risks to the customer are analysed and valuated in order to define mitigation strategies for minimization or avoidance. Depending on this purpose, a division into functional, design and process FMEA is mentioned in literature.

If the FMEA is used as early as possible during the product development process, the usable level of information is very low. It grows during the product development process and is understood as all available information, with different degrees of concretisations, according to an instant in time. It can be suggested that the available level of information influences the FMEA results as well as the point of time to perform.

In order to identify an ideal point of time, a three-step methodology is considered.?First, the level of information is systematized by using product and process models. Subsequently, the quality of information is measured with the help of an Information-Quality framework.?This framework contains the four target categories Accessibility, Representational, Intrinsic and Contextual, whereby each category can be described by different dimensions. Using this, the available level and quality of information to an instant in time during the product development process can be determined.?Second, specific requirements on information to perform a functional, design or a process FMEA are defined and evaluated by using the IQ-Framework too. So for every type of FMEA a needed level on quality of information is specified.?Third, the available and needed quality of information to perform a FMEA is compared. Based on that, for each type of FMEA the most appropriate period of time during the product development process can be estimated, whereby a contribution for a robust design of products is made.
The role of drop shape in impact and splash
Creators: name: Liu, Qingzhe
name: Lo, Jack Hau Yung
name: Li, Ye
name: Liu, Yuan
name: Zhao, Jinyu
name: Xu, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact and splash of liquid drops on solid substrates are ubiquitous in many important fields. However, previous studies have mainly focused on spherical drops while the non-spherical situations, such as raindrops, charged drops, oscillating drops, and drops affected by electromagnetic field, remain largely unexplored. Using ferrofluid, we realize various drop shapes and illustrate the fundamental role of shape in impact and splash. Experiments show that different drop shapes produce large variations in spreading dynamics, splash onset, and splash amount. However, underlying all these variations we discover universal mechanisms across various drop shapes: the impact dynamics is governed by the superellipse model, the splash onset is triggered by the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, and the amount of splash is determined by the energy dissipation before liquid taking off. Our study generalizes the drop impact research beyond the spherical geometry, and reveals the potential of using drop shape to control impact and splash.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Letter from Barbara Hepworth to Herbert Read, January 18, 1967
Creators: name: Hepworth, Barbara, 1903-1975
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/817559
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Art historians
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/815554
subject: Women artists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1177159
subject: Artists--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/817571
subject: Authors, English--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821953
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Read, Herbert, 1893-1968
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1754386
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Hepworth, Barbara, 1903-1975
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1898202
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Art movements
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/815613

description: Part of a collection of letters to Sir Herbert Read from Dame Barbara Hepworth (English artist and sculptor) held in the Herbert Read archive at the University of Leeds, UK. The letters span the time period of 1965 to 1968, and discuss art, the art world and their personal lives. Hepworth writes about Read's health issues and her own. She makes plans to meet Read and Ludo [Margaret Read] after a February visit to the Tate gallery.
Geospatial Analysis Requires a Different Way of Thinking: The Problem of Spatial Heterogeneity
Creators: name: Jiang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geospatial analysis is very much dominated by a Gaussian way of thinking, which assumes that things in the world can be characterized by a well-defined mean, i.e., things are more or less similar in size. However, this assumption is not always valid. In fact, many things in the world lack a well-defined mean, and therefore there are far more small things than large ones. This paper attempts to argue that geospatial analysis requires a different way of thinking - a Paretian way of thinking that underlies skewed distribution such as power laws, Pareto and lognormal distributions. I review two properties of spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity, and point out that the notion of spatial heterogeneity in current spatial statistics is only used to characterize local variance of spatial dependence. I subsequently argue for a broad perspective on spatial heterogeneity, and suggest it be formulated as a scaling law. I further discuss the implications of Paretian thinking and the scaling law for better understanding of geographic forms and processes, in particular while facing massive amounts of social media data. In the spirit of Paretian thinking, geospatial analysis should seek to simulate geographic events and phenomena from the bottom up rather than correlations as guided by Gaussian thinking.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, and 3 tables
Giant magnon solution and dispersion relation in string theory in AdS_3 x S^3 x T^4 with mixed flux
Creators: name: Hoare, B.
name: Stepanchuk, A.
name: Tseytlin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the question about the exact form of the dispersion relation for light-cone string excitations in string theory in AdS3 x S3 x T4 with mixed R-R and NS-NS 3-form fluxes. The analogy with string theory in AdS5 x S5 suggests that in addition to the data provided by the perturbative near-BMN expansion and the symmetry algebra considerations there is also another source of information about the dispersion relation -- the semiclassical giant magnon solution. In earlier work in arXiv:1303.1037 and arXiv:1304.4099 it was found that the symmetry algebra constraints consistent with perturbative expansion do not completely determine the form of the dispersion relation. The aim of the present paper is to fix it by constructing a generalization of the known dyonic giant magnon soliton on S3 to the presence of a non-zero NS-NS flux described by a WZ term in the string action. We find that the angular momentum of this soliton gets shifted by a term linear in world-sheet momentum. We also discuss the symmetry algebra of the string light-cone S-matrix and show that the exact dispersion relation, which should have the correct perturbative BMN and semiclassical giant magnon limits, should also contain such a linear momentum term. The simplicity of the resulting bound-state picture provides a strong argument in favour of this dispersion relation.
description: 32 pages. v2: minor comments added
Diffusion-Dominated Pinch-Off of Ultralow Surface Tension Fluids
Creators: name: Lo, Jack Hau Yung
name: Liu, Yuan
name: Mak, Sze Yi
name: Xu, Zhuo
name: Chao, Youchuang
name: Li, Kaye Jiale
name: Shum, Ho Cheung
name: Xu, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the breakup of a liquid thread inside another liquid at different surface tensions. In general, the pinch-off of a liquid thread is governed by the dynamics of fluid flow. However, when the interfacial tension is ultralow (2 to 3 orders lower than normal liquids), we find that the pinch-off dynamics can be governed by bulk diffusion. By studying the velocity and the profile of the pinch-off, we explain why the diffusion-dominated pinch-off takes over the conventional breakup at ultralow surface tensions.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Published version
Revealing interactions between HVDC cross-area flows and frequency stability with explainable AI
Creators: name: Pütz, Sebastian
name: Schäfer, Benjamin
name: Witthaut, Dirk
name: Kruse, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy transition introduces more volatile energy sources into the power grids. In this context, power transfer between different synchronous areas through High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) links becomes increasingly important. Such links can balance volatile generation by enabling long-distance transport or by leveraging their fast control behavior. Here, we investigate the interaction of power imbalances - represented through the power grid frequency - and power flows on HVDC links between synchronous areas in Europe. We use explainable machine learning to identify key dependencies and disentangle the interaction of critical features. Our results show that market-based HVDC flows introduce deterministic frequency deviations, which however can be mitigated through strict ramping limits. Moreover, varying HVDC operation modes strongly affect the interaction with the grid. In particular, we show that load-frequency control via HVDC links can both have control-like or disturbance-like impacts on frequency stability.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures; submitted version
The Scale of Indirect Damage from Flooding - A Case Study: Mississippi River Flooding of May 2011
Creators: name: Frieling, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Flood damage--Economic aspects
Climatic changes--Economic aspects
Floodplains
Sustainability
Commerce

description: There are growing risks to economic activity in flood-plain regions due to the increasing severity of climate change-driven storms. In May 2011, heavy rains led to surging flood levels along the entirety of the Mississippi River basin. This eventually required the US Army Corps of Engineering to blast open floodgates in order to save major cities like Baton Rouge and New Orleans from catastrophic damage. However, this was at the cost of sacrificing millions of acres of farmland and sparsely populated parishes all over the southern basin region. Beyond the direct flood damage, business was disrupted while the Mississippi River was unable to be used as a trade route. But these disruptions, known as ‘indirect damage,’ can sometimes have a net positive result for firms that do not sustain much physical damage and can benefit from the ensuing price increases of their products. In the long term, however, increasing defense and recovery measures from flood incidents will be required in such regions in order to maintain economic activity. Overall, sustainable development would require either an avoidance of those risky zones, which is socially and economically impractical due to the large existing populations and infrastructure, or a focus on preventative measures.
Spin relaxation of a diffusively moving carrier in a random hyperfine field
Creators: name: Roundy, R. C.
name: Raikh, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relaxation, , of the average spin of a carrier in course of hops over sites hosting random hyperfine fields is studied theoretically. In low dimensions, d = 1, 2, the decay of average spin with time is non-exponential at all times. The origin of the effect is that for d = 1, 2 a typical random-walk trajectory exhibits numerous self-intersections. Multiple visits of the carrier to the same site accelerates the relaxation since the corresponding partial rotations of spin during these visits add up. Another consequence of self-intersections of the random-walk trajectories is that, in all dimensions, the average, , becomes sensitive to a weak magnetic field directed along z. Our analytical predictions are complemented by the numerical simulations of .
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, and Supplemental Material
Reconstruction of gene regulatory network of colon cancer using information theoretic approach
Creators: name: Raza, Khalid
name: Parveen, Rafat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Reconstruction of gene regulatory networks or 'reverse-engineering' is a process of identifying gene interaction networks from experimental microarray gene expression profile through computation techniques. In this paper, we tried to reconstruct cancer-specific gene regulatory network using information theoretic approach - mutual information. The considered microarray data consists of large number of genes with 20 samples - 12 samples from colon cancer patient and 8 from normal cell. The data has been preprocessed and normalized. A t-test statistics has been applied to filter differentially expressed genes. The interaction between filtered genes has been computed using mutual information and ten different networks has been constructed with varying number of interactions ranging from 30 to 500. We performed the topological analysis of the reconstructed network, revealing a large number of interactions in colon cancer. Finally, validation of the inferred results has been done with available biological databases and literature.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Bodybuilder - Gottesbilder
Creators: name: Schiffer, Barbara
name: Brinkschröder, Michael
Publisher: name: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Bd. 4 Nr. 3 (1997): Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Band 4, Heft 3
Characteristics of transverse waves in chromospheric mottles
Creators: name: Kuridze, D.
name: Verth, G.
name: Mathioudakis, M.
name: Erdélyi, R.
name: Jess, D. B.
name: Morton, R. J.
name: Christian, D. J.
name: Keenan, F. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using data obtained by the high temporal and spatial resolution Rapid Oscillations in the Solar Atmosphere (ROSA) instrument on the Dunn Solar Telescope, we investigate at an unprecedented level of detail transverse oscillations in chromospheric fine structures near the solar disk center. The oscillations are interpreted in terms of propagating and standing magnetohydrodynamic kink waves. Wave characteristics including the maximum transverse velocity amplitude and the phase speed are measured as a function of distance along the structure's length. Solar magneto-seismology is applied to these measured parameters to obtain diagnostic information on key plasma parameters (e.g., magnetic field, density, temperature, flow speed) of these localised waveguides. The magnetic field strength of the mottle along the $\sim$2 Mm length is found to decrease by a factor of 12, while the local plasma density scale height is $\sim280\pm$80 km.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted in ApJ
Monte Carlo study of the XY-model on Sierpnski carpet
Creators: name: Mitrovic, B.
name: Przedborski, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a Monte Carlo study of the classical XY-model on a Sierpi\' nski carpet, which is a planar fractal structure with infinite order of ramification and fractal dimension 1.8928. We employed the Wolff cluster algorithm in our simulations and our results, in particular those for the susceptibility and the helicity modulus, indicate the absence of finite-temperature Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition in this system.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics C (Computational Physics and Physical Computation)