cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
First experience with the new portable extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system Cardiohelp for severe respiratory failure in adults
Creators: name: Haneya, Assad
name: Philipp, Alois
name: Foltan, Maik
name: Camboni, Daniele
name: Müller, Thomas
name: Bein, Thomas
name: Schmid, Christof
name: Lubnow, Matthias
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Ultrasound, pleura, conventional radiography, thorax
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Over the last decade, technical improvements in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) equipment have reduced procedure-related complications and have made ECMO an effective option for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) if conventional therapy fails. Methods: In this report, we present our early experience with the Cardiohelp, a new portable miniaturized ECMO system, in 22 consecutive patients with ARDS. All patients were placed on venovenous ECMO. Cannulas were inserted percutaneously, employing the Seldinger technique. Data were collected prospectively. Results: The median patient age was 47 years (36 to 61). Fifteen patients from regional hospitals were too unstable for conventional transport and were placed on Cardiohelp at the referring hospital and then transported to our institution. The patients were transported by ambulance (n=2) or helicopter (n=13) over a distance of 50-250 km. Cardiohelp support resulted in immediate improvement of gas exchange and highly protective ventilation. The median duration of support was 13 days (8 to 19). An exchange of the device was necessary in 9 patients. Sixteen patients (72.7%) were successfully weaned from ECMO and fifteen patients (68.2%) survived. Device-related complications were not observed. Conclusions: The compact portable ECMO device Cardiohelp is a highly effective method to secure vital gas exchange and to reduce further ventilator-induced lung injury in patients with acute respiratory failure. Crucial technical innovations and ease of device transport and implantation allow location-independent stabilization with consecutive inter-hospital transfer.
Sexual Sadism: Current Diagnostic Vagueness and the Benefit of Behavioral Definitions
Creators: name: Nitschke, J.
name: Mokros, Andreas
name: Osterheider, M.
name: Marshall, W. L.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: sexual sadism, sexual deviance, paraphilia, diagnosis, Severe Sexual Sadism Scale (SESAS)
subject: 610 Medizin

description: The phenomenon of sexual sadism was first scientifically described by Richard von Krafft-Ebing in 1999 as a sexual preference disorder that focuses on the infliction of suffering, pain, or humiliation to achieve sexual gratification. The present article reviews the historical development of the term sexual sadism, including the current descriptive nosology of psychiatric classification. Despite clear definitions that specify the sexual objects, duration, and distress necessary for a disorder, evidence for the diagnostic reliability for sexual sadism in the forensic domain is mixed. We argue that the reliance on the patient’s willingness to divulge corresponding violent sexual fantasies is the Achilles’ heel of the diagnosis. In an attempt to improve agreement across diagnosticians, we argue for the use of behavioral indicators. We summarize the extant research on the Severe Sexual Sadism Scale (SESAS), which is a file-based observer rating of pertinent crime-scene actions. We conclude that the analysis of crime-scene behavior, as achieved with the SESAS, can provide a useful complement for the clinical diagnosis in forensic psychiatry and psychology.
Giftedness and Gifted Education: The Need for a Paradigm Change
Creators: name: Ziegler, Albert
name: Stöger, Heidrun
name: Vialle, Wilma
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: identification, definition and/or conception of giftedness/talent, assessment, evaluation, professional development
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: This commentary addresses Subotnik et al.’s target article from the perspective of researchers active in the field of giftedness. First, we self-critically examine the current standing of giftedness research within the scientific community. Second, the authors’ critique of gifted education is sharpened in three respects: (a) gifted identification, (b) effectiveness of gifted education, and (c) credentials of gifted education. Finally, four necessary and productive lines for future research are proposed.
Positioning the Intellectual: Žižek as a Sociological Phenomenon
Creators: name: Bar-El, Eliran
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Positioning
Public
Intellectual
Intervention
Žižek

description: This dissertation offers a sociological examination of the rise to prominence of Slavoj Žižek—the Slovene philo-superstar and intellectual celebrity. Drawing upon cultural sociology and the sociology of intellectual interventions, the dissertation widens the application of Positioning Theory, suggesting that Žižek’s unique mode of intellectual intervention, ‘super-positioning’, is the key to his rise as a global public intellectual. The dissertation traces the contexts, performances, and relations through which Žižek’s intellectual interventions became an international printed and digital phenomenon. It begins with Slovenia’s and Yugoslavia’s intellectual, political, and cultural positioning, followed by Žižek’s unique and multiple reactions. It then moves on to France and the UK as the initial sites for Žižek’s global emergence, followed by the US through which he became a global public phenomenon. The dissertation explains Žižek’s attractive originality through his ability to narrate the present, create novel intellectual and political positions, and perform them in his invented language of ‘Hegelacanese’ and repertoire of rhetorical questions, jokes, and examples. It also describes the current consequences of such a complex super-positioning, namely the media-academia trade-off in which Žižek’s public success, for example becoming an ‘Internet philosopher’, comes at the price of sacrificing his intellectual position. Situated carefully between the purely objective historiography and the subjective psychobiography, the dissertation reveals the social aspects of the Žižekian phenomenon, from inception to reception, and bridges the individuality and singularity of Žižek with the social and general conditions of his emergence. As such, this exploration is not only about Žižek, but the society that created him.
Orthogonal decomposition of Lorentz transformations
Creators: name: Hanson, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The canonical decomposition of a Lorentz algebra element into a sum of orthogonal simple (decomposable) Lorentz bivectors is discussed, as well as the decomposition of a proper orthochronous Lorentz transformation into a product of commuting Lorentz transformations, each of which is the exponential of a simple bivector. As an application, we obtain an alternative method of deriving the formulas for the exponential and logarithm for Lorentz transformations.
String universality in ten dimensions
Creators: name: Adams, Allan
name: DeWolfe, Oliver
name: Taylor, Washington
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the ${\cal N}=1$ supergravity theories in ten dimensions with gauge groups $U(1)^{496}$ and $E_8 \times U(1)^{248}$ are not consistent quantum theories. Cancellation of anomalies cannot be made compatible with supersymmetry and abelian gauge invariance. Thus, in ten dimensions all supersymmetric theories of gravity without known inconsistencies are realized in string theory.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX. v2: typos corrected on version appearing in PRL
Bischler-Napieralski reaction in total synthesis of isoquinoline-based natural products. An old reaction, a new application
Creators: name: Mommahed Heravi, Majid
name: Nazari, Niousha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30701 Quantum Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials

description: Bischler-Napieralski (B-N) reaction is undoubtedly one of the most powerful methodologies in organic synthesis for the construction of isoquinoline moieties as important heterocyclic compounds. It has also captured great attention in the total synthesis of naturally occurring compounds such as alkaloids, which mostly and particularly bear isoquinolines as scaffold in their structures. The present review is focused on and highlighted the applications of B-N reaction, a rather old reaction, as a decisive and important stage in the total synthesis of some naturally occurring compounds including alkaloids showing significant biological activities.
A Brylinski filtration for affine Kac-Moody algebras
Creators: name: Slofstra, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Braverman and Finkelberg have recently proposed a conjectural analogue of the geometric Satake isomorphism for untwisted affine Kac-Moody groups. As part of their model, they conjecture that (at dominant weights) Lusztig's q-analog of weight multiplicity is equal to the Poincare series of the principal nilpotent filtration of the weight space, as occurs in the finite-dimensional case. We show that the conjectured equality holds for all affine Kac-Moody algebras if the principal nilpotent filtration is replaced by the principal Heisenberg filtration. The main body of the proof is a Lie algebra cohomology vanishing result. We also give an example to show that the Poincare series of the principal nilpotent filtration is not always equal to the q-analog of weight multiplicity. Finally, we give some partial results for indefinite Kac-Moody algebras.
description: Typos and reference corrected
Successful use of a percutaneous miniaturized extracorporeal life support system as a bridge and assistance to left ventricular assist device implantation in a patient with severe refractory cardiogenic shock
Creators: name: Haneya, Assad
name: Philipp, Alois
name: Pühler, T.
name: Camboni, Daniele
name: Hilker, A.
name: Hirt, S. W.
name: Schmid, Christof
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: circulatory assist devices; LVAD; ECLS; ECMO; cardiogenic shock
subject: 610 Medizin

description: We present a 51-year-old man with cardiogenic shock in whom a percutaneous extracorporeal life support system (ECLS) was inserted to restore cardiopulmonary stability. After successful stabilization, a left ventricular assist device was implanted, using the ECLS without switching to a conventional cardiopulmonary bypass system to reduce its side effects.
Gifted Education in German-Speaking Europe
Creators: name: Ziegler, Albert
name: Stöger, Heidrun
name: Harder, B.
name: Balestrini, Daniel P.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: giftedness, counseling and guidance, effective teachers of the gifted, evidence-based practice, gifted education
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: The authors first briefly describe how the concepts of talents and giftedness found in German-speaking Europe have evolved in the school system and in general over the past two centuries, and how the variety of gifted-education efforts found within and beyond schools as well as counseling efforts attest to these changes. They then discuss four hallmarks of gifted education in German-speaking Europe: (a) the ongoing development of gifted promotion methods through the integration of newer insights about learning and social aspects; (b) the development of new methods of gifted education, particularly in the areas of mentoring, self-regulated learning, and hybrid approaches; (c) a decidedly scientific approach, which is increasingly characterized by systemic perspectives; and (d) the results of research on the effectiveness of various approaches to gifted education in German-speaking Europe.
title: Assessment of seasonal and climatic effects on the incidence and species composition of malaria by using GIS methods
Creators: name: Haghdoost, A
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2004

description: Malaria is highly dependent on climate and environmental factors. This thesis incorporates environmental and climatic factors into mathematical and geographic information system (GIS) models in order to assess the feasibility of an early warning system in a strongly seasonally transmitted region in Iran. It also measures Plasmodium spp interactions through meta­ analysis, modelling, and further analysis of a large epidemiological dataset. The first part of the thesis assesses the feasibility of malaria prediction models based on ground climate and remote sensing data. Predicted values were typically extrapolated from the previous month’s data; adding ground climate data can improve these predictions by around ten percent. Predictive variables for these models are readily available in the field, so an improvement of even a few percent makes them feasible. However, more ground climate data are needed for prediction at finer than district spatial scales. The second part of the thesis measures interactions between malaria species. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis assessed the heterogeneity of interaction terms between malaria species. Mathematical models assessed the effects of within-population heterogeneity in infection risks. Finally, data from a large epidemiological study in a highly malaria- endemic area (Garki, West Africa) were analysed cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Random-effect meta-analysis produced a summary OR between P. falciparum and P. vivax of less than one (0.6, 95% Cl 0.46-0.8). The very 2 wide range of ORs seen between studies (0.02 to 10.9) could be explained partly by species prevalence and the temporal span of studies. Mathematical models indicated that within-population heterogeneity in infection risks may, by itself, explain ORs as great as ten or more. Longitudinal analysis of the Garki data produced lower ORs than those from cross-sectional analysis. P. falciparum had suppressive effects on the other species. In addition, Plasmodium spp interactions highly depend on subject age and the temporal and spatial distribution of species. In conclusion, heterogeneity in infection risks, due to heterogeneity either in acquired immunity or in exposure risk, is the most important factor on interactions between Plasmodium spp. Finally, it seems that species-specific models would improve the predictions due to the different impacts of climate on the transmission of species and the interaction between them
Myelinating cells in repair of spinal cord injury
Creators: name: Assinck, Peggy Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: The damage inflicted by spinal cord injury (SCI) occurs in two phases. The primary injury is a mechanical insult to the spinal cord, resulting in permanent loss of cells and tissue structure. Multiple mechanisms of secondary injury extend this damage. One such mechanism is thought to be progressive loss of myelin, such that axons that survive primary injury are rendered dysfunctional by conduction block. As a result, myelin repair has emerged as a major research focus. The goals of this research were: i) to evaluate the extent of spontaneous repair by endogenous glia, and ii) to determine whether transplantation in a clinically relevant scenario can improve the outcome of SCI. In Chapter 2, I characterized the source and extent of spontaneous myelin repair in experimental SCI. I systematically assessed the cellular origin of new myelin and myelinating cells in transgenic mice, by genetically labeling multiple lineages prior to SCI. Contrary to prevailing dogma (that endogenous myelin repair was limited), we found that ~30% of myelinated axons at the injury epicentre were ensheathed de novo (since injury) at three months after SCI. In addition, the majority of myelinating Schwann cells (SCs) in the injured spinal cord were derived from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and infiltration of peripheral myelinating SCs made only a small contribution. In Chapter 3, I investigated the potential for improving spontaneous repair (and the outcome of SCI) through glial transplantation. Skin-derived precursor cells directed to a SC fate (SKP-SCs) were transplanted at the site of chronic SCI. At 21 weeks after transplantation (29 weeks-post SCI), SKP-SCs contained thousands of growing/regenerating axons, which were myelinated by either transplanted or endogenous SCs. The presence of endogenous SCs was increased after SKP-SC transplantation. Rats that received SKP-SCs had higher functional motor scores and displayed less bladder wall thickening (a hallmark of bladder dysfunction following SCI) compared to controls. These data contribute to our understanding of the endogenous glial repair response after SCI, both in the absence of treatment and following a clinically relevant cell transplantation. These endogenous repair mechanisms might be exploited and augmented to develop novel treatments for SCI.
The Itô exponential on Lie Groups
Creators: name: Stelmastchuk, Simão N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E99, 53C43, 58E20, 58J65, 60H30

description: Let $G$ be a Lie Group with a left invariant connection $\nabla^{G}$. Denote by $\g$ the Lie algebra of $G$, which is equipped with a connection $\nabla^{\g}$. Our main is to introduce the concept of the Itô exponential and the Itô logarithm, which take in account the geometry of the Lie group $G$ and the Lie algebra $\g$. This definition characterize directly the martingales in $G$ with respect to the left invariant connection $\nabla^{G}$. Further, if any $\nabla^{\g}$ geodesic in $\g$ is send in a $\nabla^{G}$ geodesic we can show that the Itô exponential and the Itô logarithm are the same that the stochastic exponential and the stochastic logarithm due to M. Hakim-Dowek and D. Lépingle in [10]. Consequently, we have a Campbell-Hausdorf formula. From this formula we show that the set of affine maps from $(M,\nabla^{G})$ into $(G,\nabla^{G})$ is a subgroup of the Loop group. As in general, the Lie algebra is considered as smooth manifold with a flat connection, we show a Campbell-Hausdorf formula for a flat connection on $\g$ and a bi-invariant connection on $G$. To this main we introduce the definition of the null quadratic variation property. To end, we use the Campbell-Hausdorff formula to show that a product of harmonic maps with value in $G$ is a harmonic map.
Nephron-specific expression of components of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system in the mouse kidney
Creators: name: Reinhold, Stephan W.
name: Krüger, Bernd
name: Barner, Caroline
name: Zoicas, Flavius
name: Kammerl, Martin
name: Hoffmann, Ute
name: Bergler, Tobias
name: Banas, Bernhard
name: Krämer, Bernhard K.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Angiotensinogen, angiotensin, glomerulus, microdissection, mRNA, receptor, renin, RT-PCR, tubulus
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Introduction: The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an integral role in the regulation of blood pressure, electrolyte and fluid homeostasis in mammals. The capability of the different nephron segments to form components of the RAAS is only partially known. This study therefore aimed to characterize the nephron-specific expression of RAAS components within the mouse kidney. Materials and methods: Defined nephron segments of adult C57B/16 mice were microdissected after collagenase digestion. The gene expression of renin, angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin II receptors 1a (AT1a), 1b (AT1b), and 2 (AT2) was assessed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Renin mRNA was present in glomeruli, in proximal tubules, in distal convoluted tubules (DCT) and cortical collecting ducts (CCD). AGT mRNA was found in proximal tubules, descending thin limb of Henle’s loop (dTL) and in the medullary part of the thick ascending limb (mTAL). ACE mRNA was not detectable in microdissected mouse nephron segments. AT1a, AT1b and AT2 mRNA was detected in glomeruli and proximal convoluted tubules. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate a nephron-specific distribution of RAAS components. All components of the local RAAS – except ACE – are present in proximal convoluted tubules, emphasizing their involvement in sodium and water handling.
Precocious Diphoton Signals of the Little Radion at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Davoudiasl, Hooman
name: McElmurry, Thomas
name: Soni, Amarjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Little Randall-Sundrum models, the bulk couplings of the radion to massless gauge fields can yield a greatly enhanced diphoton signal at hadron colliders. We examine the implications of the Tevatron data for the Little radion and also show that the 7 TeV run at the Large Hadron Collider will have an impressive reach in this channel. The diphoton signal is crucial in the search for a light radion, or the dual dilaton, and can potentially probe the ultraviolet scale of the theory.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Errors in the WW and ZZ branching fraction curves in Fig.1 and the related numerical results in Fig.2 have been corrected. New references have been added. Our main conclusions regarding the enhanced diphoton signal of the Little radion remain qualitatively the same and quantitatively similar to the previous results
Phase-Shifting the Fruit Fly Clock without Cryptochrome
Creators: name: Kistenpfennig, Christa
name: Hirsh, J.
name: Yoshii, T.
name: Helfrich-Förster, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: cryptochrome, light pulses, locomotor activity, Drosophila melanogaster
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: The blue light photopigment cryptochrome (CRY) is thought to be the main circadian photoreceptor of Drosophila melanogaster. Nevertheless, entrainment to light-dark cycles is possible without functional CRY. Here, we monitored phase response curves of cry01 mutants and control flies to 1-hour 1000-lux light pulses. We found that cry01 mutants phase-shift their activity rhythm in the subjective early morning and late evening, although with reduced magnitude. This phase-shifting capability is sufficient for the slowed entrainment of the mutants, indicating that the eyes contribute to the clock’s light sensitivity around dawn and dusk. With longer light pulses (3 hours and 6 hours), wild-type flies show greatly enhanced magnitude of phase shift, but CRY-less flies seem impaired in the ability to integrate duration of the light pulse in a wild-type manner: Only 6-hour light pulses at circadian time 21 significantly increased the magnitude of phase advances in cry01 mutants. At circadian time 15, the mutants exhibited phase advances instead of the expected delays. These complex results are discussed.
Symplectic homology product via Legendrian surgery
Creators: name: Bourgeois, Frederic
name: Ekholm, Tobias
name: Eliashberg, Yakov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D05, 53D10, 53D40

description: This research announcement continues the study of the symplectic homology of Weinstein manifolds undertaken in [BEE1] where the symplectic homology, as a vector space, was expressed in terms of the Legendrian homology algebra of the attaching spheres of critical handles. Here we express the product and $\BV$-operator of symplectic homology in that context.
description: 30 pages, 4 figures. v2: a number of typos were corrected. v3: corrected sign error in Equation (2.4)
Incidental vocabulary acquisition from stories: Second and fourth graders learn more from listening than reading
Creators: name: Suggate, Sebastian
name: Lenhard, W.
name: Neudecker, E.
name: Schneider, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Language development, reading, reading comprehension, story telling, vocabulary
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Both reading and language experiences contribute to vocabulary development, but questions remain as to what effect each has and when. This article investigates the effects that reading, telling and sharing a story have on vocabulary acquisition. Children (N = 37) were told nine stories in a randomized, single-blind and counterbalanced 2 × 3 mixed design. The between-subjects variable was grade (2 vs 4) and the within-subjects factor was the story condition, being either read (adult read aloud) or told (free story telling) to the children, or read silently by the children (independent reading). Each story contained two rare target words that were unlikely to have been previously known to the children. Measures of receptive vocabulary, decoding, reading comprehension and target vocabulary acquisition from the story were also administered. Children in grade 4 performed better on the vocabulary acquisition test and there was a main effect for story condition; children learnt the least number of words when reading the stories independently and the most from the free story telling condition. Implications for vocabulary learning and the importance of oral language exposure – even for established readers in primary school – are discussed.
Weakly--exceptional quotient singularities
Creators: name: Sakovics, Dmitrijs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14B05, 14E07, 14E09, 20.25, 20.72, 20.75

description: A singularity is said to be weakly--exceptional if it has a unique purely log terminal blow up. In dimension $2$, V. Shokurov proved that weakly--exceptional quotient singularities are exactly those of types $D_{n}$, $E_{6}$, $E_{7}$, $E_{8}$. This paper classifies the weakly--exceptional quotient singularities in dimensions $3$ and $4$.
LTβR expression on hematopoietic cells regulates acute inflammation and influences maturation of myeloid subpopulations
Creators: name: Wege, Anja K.
name: Huber, Barbara
name: Wimmer, Nadin
name: Männel, Daniela N.
name: Hehlgans, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Bone marrow chimera, dampening inflammation, DSS-induced colitis, LTbR, MDSC
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Lymphotoxin beta-receptor (LTβR) is involved in the formation and maintenance of secondary lymphoid structures, as well as in the regulation of inflammatory responses. Because LTβR lymphoid structure formation continues to develop in infants, we compared two different chimera models: one using adult mice and the other using a transplantation model of neonatal mice. To elucidate the function of LTβR on lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells, we generated bone marrow chimeras on the wild type C57Bl/6 and the LTβR-deficient (LTβR−/−) background, and reconstituted the mice with bone marrow cells reciprocally. These chimeric mice were analyzed in the experimental model of acute dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Interestingly, both models revealed not only equal reconstitution levels but also similar immunological responses: LTβR expression on stromal cells is essential for lymph node formation, whereas LTBR on hematopoietic cells is crucial for a decrease in inflammation. In addition, mice lacking LTβR on hematopoietic cells revealed (a) an increase of immature granulocytic cells in the spleen and (b) a reduced proportion of myeloid cells in peripheral blood and spleen expressing CD11b+Ly6C+Ly6G− (myeloid-derived suppressor cells expression profile). In conclusion, LTβR expression on hematopoietic cells seems to be involved in the down-regulation of acute inflammatory reactions paralleled by the appearance of immature myeloid cells.
Geometry of fractional spaces
Creators: name: Calcagni, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce fractional flat space, described by a continuous geometry with constant non-integer Hausdorff and spectral dimensions. This is the analogue of Euclidean space, but with anomalous scaling and diffusion properties. The basic tool is fractional calculus, which is cast in a way convenient for the definition of the differential structure, distances, volumes, and symmetries. By an extensive use of concepts and techniques of fractal geometry, we clarify the relation between fractional calculus and fractals, showing that fractional spaces can be regarded as fractals when the ratio of their Hausdorff and spectral dimension is greater than one. All the results are analytic and constitute the foundation for field theories living on multi-fractal spacetimes, which are presented in a companion paper.
description: 90 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables. v2: section 5 revised, result unchanged; v3: minor typos corrected
TNFR2 maintains adequate IL-12 production by dendritic cells in inflammatory responses by regulating endogenous TNF levels
Creators: name: Martin, E. M.
name: Remke, A.
name: Pfeifer, E.
name: Polz, Johannes
name: Pietryga-Krieger, A.
name: Steffens-Weber, D.
name: Freudenberg, M.
name: Mostböck, Sven
name: Männel, Daniela N.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Tolerance, tumor necrosis factor, inflammation, immune suppression
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Sepsis-induced immune reactions are reduced in TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2)-deficient mice as previously shown. In order to elucidate the underlying mechanisms, the functional integrity of myeloid cells of TNFR2-deficient mice was analyzed and compared to wild type (WT) mice. The capacity of dendritic cells to produce IL-12 was strongly impaired in TNF-deficient mice, mirroring impaired production of IL-12 by WT dendritic cells in sepsis or after LPS or TNF pre-treatment. In addition, TNFR2-deficient mice were refractory to LPS pre-treatment and also to hyper-sensitization by inactivated Propionibacterium acnes, indicating habituation to inflammatory stimuli by the immune response when TNFR2 is lacking. Constitutive expression of TNF mRNA in kidney, liver, spleen, colon and lung tissue, and the presence of soluble TNFR2 in urine of healthy WT mice supported the conclusion that TNF is continuously present in naïve mice and controlled by soluble TNFR2. In TNFR2-deficient mice endogenous TNF levels cannot be balanced and the continuous exposure to enhanced TNF levels impairs dendritic cell function. In conclusion, TNF pre-exposure suppresses secondary inflammatory reactions of myeloid cells; therefore, continuous control of endogenous TNF by soluble TNFR2 seems to be essential for the maintenance of adequate sensitivity to inflammatory stimuli.
A population-based cohort study evaluating the association between inhaled corticosteroid use and statin use with lung cancer risk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
Creators: name: Raymakers, Adam John Nelson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Background: Lung cancer incidence is elevated in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), often due to smoking, but potentially also resulting from inflammation. COPD patients are also often diagnosed with comorbidities, the most prominent being cardiovascular disease (CVD). Statins, due to the increased prevalence of CVD, and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), are two commonly prescribed medications for COPD patients that may reduce lung cancer risk. Objective: To evaluate the association between lung cancer risk with ICS and statin use in COPD patients. A priori, the hypothesis of this study was that use of these medications would be associated with a reduction in lung cancer risk. Methods: This study used population-based data for the province of British Columbia to identify a cohort COPD patients. To be included, patients were to have filled three prescriptions for COPD-related medications within a twelve-month period. To evaluate the association between statin and ICS use with lung cancer risk, an array of methods of defining medication exposure were used, including a novel recency-weighed approach. Results: In the analysis evaluating the association between ICS use and lung cancer diagnosis, time-dependent ICS exposure was associated with a 30% reduction in lung cancer risk. The recency-weighted duration of use exposure metric also demonstrated a protective effect from ICS exposure (HR: 0.74 (95% CI: 0.66-0.82). This protective effect was consistent over all exposure metrics. Evaluation of the association between statin use and lung cancer risk produced less consistent results. However, the best-fitting model which incorporated the recency-weighted duration of use exposure metric indicated a protective effect from statin exposure (HR: 0.85 (95% CI: 0.77-0.93). Statin exposure in patients 65 or over was protective against lung cancer diagnosis consistently for all exposure metrics. An interaction term between ICS and statin use was also explored, but was not found to be statistically significant. Conclusions: These results suggest that the benefits of ICS and statin use might extend beyond their primary indication. The results also underscore the importance of using appropriate methods for measuring medication exposure in observational studies, particularly those using administrative data. Finally, this work highlights the importance of ‘real-world’ evidence.
Spherical collapse of dark energy with an arbitrary sound speed
Creators: name: Basse, Tobias
name: Bjaelde, Ole Eggers
name: Wong, Yvonne Y. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a generic type of dark energy fluid, characterised by a constant equation of state parameter w and sound speed c_s, and investigate the impact of dark energy clustering on cosmic structure formation using the spherical collapse model. Along the way, we also discuss in detail the evolution of dark energy perturbations in the linear regime. We find that the introduction of a finite sound speed into the picture necessarily induces a scale-dependence in the dark energy clustering, which in turn affects the dynamics of the spherical collapse in a scale-dependent way. As with other, more conventional fluids, we can define a Jeans scale for the dark energy clustering, and hence a Jeans mass M_J for the dark matter which feels the effect of dark energy clustering via gravitational interactions. For bound objects (halos) with masses M >> M_J, the effect of dark energy clustering is maximal. For those with M << M_J, the dark energy component is effectively homogeneous, and its role in the formation of these structures is reduced to its effects on the Hubble expansion rate. To compute quantitatively the virial density and the linearly extrapolated threshold density, we use a quasi-linear approach which is expected to be valid up to around the Jeans mass. We find an interesting dependence of these quantities on the halo mass M, given some w and c_s. The dependence is the strongest for masses lying in the vicinity of M ~ M_J. Observing this M-dependence will be a tell-tale sign that dark energy is dynamic, and a great leap towards pinning down its clustering properties.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures, matches version published in JCAP
Computerized Assessment of Pedophilic Sexual Interest Through Self-Report and Viewing Time: Reliability, Validity, and Classification Accuracy of the Affinity Program
Creators: name: Mokros, Andreas
name: Nitschke, J.
name: Gebhard, Michael
name: Heinz, Volker
name: Marshall, W. L.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: sexual interest, viewing time, self-report, adult, pedophilia
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Affinity is a computerized assessment tool that combines viewing time and self-report measures of sexual interest. The present study was designed to assess the diagnostic properties of Affinity with respect to sexual interest in prepubescent children. Reliability of both self-report and viewing time components was estimated to be high. The group profile of a sample of pedophilic adult male child molesters (n = 42, all of whom admitted their offenses) differed from the group profiles of male community controls (n = 95) and male nonsexual offenders (n = 27), respectively. More specifically, both ratings and viewing times for images showing small children or prejuvenile children were significantly higher within the child molester sample than in either of the other two groups, attesting to the validity of the measures. Overall classification accuracy, however, was mediocre: A multivariate classification routine yielded 50% sensitivity for child molester status at the cost of 13% false positives. The implications for forensic use of Affinity are discussed.
Cluster headache and neuropsychological functioning
Creators: name: Dresler, T.
name: Lürding, Ralf
name: Paelecke-Habermann, Y.
name: Gaul, C.
name: Henkel, K.
name: Lindwurm-Späth, Andrea
name: Leinisch, E.
name: Jürgens, Tim
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cluster headache, neuropsychology, Trail Making Test, executive function, Stroop Task, migraine
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Despite significant advances in unravelling the pathophysiology of cluster headache (CH), little is known about neuropsychological functioning. Apart from neuroimaging studies indicating involvement of posterior hypothalamic and other areas frequently involved in nociception, some studies suggest involvement of prefrontal areas. Among others, these mediate executive functioning (EF). Methods: Therefore, three neuropsychological tests (Trail Making Test (TMT), Go/Nogo Task and Stroop Task) were completed by four headache patient samples (chronic CH, episodic CH in the active or inactive period, and migraine patients) and compared to healthy controls. Results: Analyses revealed that patients especially with chronic and active episodic CH were particularly impaired in tests relying more on intact EF (i.e. TMT-B, Stroop interference) than on basal cognitive processes (i.e. TMT-A, Stroop naming). Within the CH groups performance decreased linearly with increasing severity. Discussion: These findings are in line with a recently proposed involvement of prefrontal structures in CH pathophysiology as patients performed worse on neuropsychological tasks relying on these structures. Impaired EF could also result from medication and sleep disturbances due to active CH. Because the decreased performance was also present outside the attacks it may hint at generally altered brain functions, but do not necessarily reflect clinically relevant behaviour.
Aggressiveness in different presentations of cluster headache: Results from a controlled multicentric study
Creators: name: Lürding, Ralf
name: Henkel, K.
name: Gaul, C.
name: Dresler, T.
name: Lindwurm, Andrea
name: Paelecke-Habermann, Y.
name: Leinisch, E.
name: Jürgens, Tim
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cluster headache, migraine, aggression, hypothalamus, FAF, impairment
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: The hypothalamus has been discussed as a pivotal structure for both cluster headache (CH) and aggressiveness, but little is known about the extent of self-reported aggressiveness in patients with CH. Patients and methods: Twenty-six patients with chronic, 25 with active episodic and 22 with episodic CH outside the active period were examined interictally with a validated questionnaire quantifying factors of aggression and compared with 24 migraine patients and 31 headache-free volunteers. Results: The ANOVA was significant for the subscale ‘self-aggression/depression’ (F 4, 123 = 5.771, p 0.230). Especially in the clinically most affected group of patients (chronic CH and active episodic CH), high levels of “self-aggression/depression” correlate with higher prevalence of depressive symptoms and higher impairment measured on an emotional and functional level. Discussion: Self-aggressive and depressive cognitions with highest scores in chronic CH seem to be reactive as they correlate with depressive symptoms and impairment. They should be considered as an important therapeutic target since they impair the patient’s life significantly.
Making Classical Ground State Spin Computing Fault-Tolerant
Creators: name: Crosson, Elizabeth
name: Bacon, Dave
name: Brown, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We examine a model of classical deterministic computing in which the ground state of the classical system is a spatial history of the computation. This model is relevant to quantum dot cellular automata as well as to recent universal adiabatic quantum computing constructions. In its most primitive form, systems constructed in this model cannot compute in an error free manner when working at non-zero temperature. However, by exploiting a mapping between the partition function for this model and probabilistic classical circuits we are able to show that it is possible to make this model effectively error free. We achieve this by using techniques in fault-tolerant classical computing and the result is that the system can compute effectively error free if the temperature is below a critical temperature. We further link this model to computational complexity and show that a certain problem concerning finite temperature classical spin systems is complete for the complexity class Merlin-Arthur. This provides an interesting connection between the physical behavior of certain many-body spin systems and computational complexity.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure
title: Baumert, Georg
title: Catalogus Professorum Halensis
titleType: Subtitle
title: Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Catalogus Professorum Halensis
name: Eberle, Henrik
Publisher: name: Historisches Datenzentrum Sachsen-Anhalt,Institut für Landesgeschichte (Sachsen-Anhalt)
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: History
classificationCode: 4023025-9
subject: Halle (Saale)
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4023025-9
classificationCode: 4006804-3
subject: Biografie
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4006804-3
classificationCode: 4166546-6
subject: Landesgeschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4166546-6
classificationCode: 4051181-9
subject: Sachsen-Anhalt
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4051181-9
classificationCode: 1048495779
subject: Universität Halle (Saale) | Halle (Saale)
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/1048495779
classificationCode: 2024276-1
subject: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg | Halle (Saale); Wittenberg
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/2024276-1
classificationCode: 4020517-4
subject: Geschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4020517-4
classificationCode: 7504326-9
subject: Universitätsgeschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/7504326-9
classificationCode: 7504427-4
subject: Wissenschaftsgeschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/7504427-4
subject: Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt
subject: Catalogus Professorum Halensis
classificationCode: 120134756
subject: Eberle, Henrik | 1970– | Historiker
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/120134756
subject: Baumert, Georg (1854-1927)

description: Das Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt versammelt in Erst- und Zweitveröffentlichung oder zu Zwecken der Langzeitarchivierung Biografien von Menschen aus und in Sachsen-Anhalt. Integriert wurde der Catalogus Professorum Halensis, der durch Mitarbeitende des Instituts für Geschichte der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg entstand. Dabei handelt es sich um ein bio-bibliografisches Online-Lexikon zu den Professoren der Universität Halle zwischen 1694 und 1968. Die Texte wurden vor allem von Henrik Eberle und anderen Mitarbeitenden zwischen 2005 und 2010 recherchiert und erstellt. Etliche Artikel zum Zeitraum 1694 bis 1817 verfasste Julia Schopferer. Bei der Überführung in das Biografienportal wurden die Lebensangaben neu recherchiert und Metadaten über Verfahren des Named Entity Recogniton erschlossen. Automatisiert erkannt wurden Personennamen, Ortsbezeichnungen und Körperschaften, die in der hier vorhandenen RTF-Datei indexiert vorliegt. Zudem wurden diese mit GND-Einträgen abgeglichen. Weiterhin erfolgte ein Abgleich mit der „Ontologie der historischen, deutschsprachigen Amts- und Berufsbezeichnungen“. Die Texte liegen im Jahr 2024 in zweifacher Ausgabe im Catalogus Professorum Halensis des Universitätsarchivs und des Biografienportals des Historischen Datenzentrums Sachsen-Anhalts vor. Sie werden hier für die Langzeitarchivierung der ursprünglichen Fassung archiviert.
description: https://www.catalogus-professorum-halensis.de/
description: Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt: https://www.histdata.uni-halle.de/