cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Core-Halo Age Gradients and Star Formation in the Orion Nebula and NGC~2024 Young Stellar Clusters
Creators: name: Getman, Konstantin V.
name: Feigelson, Eric D.
name: Kuhn, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze age distributions of two nearby rich stellar clusters, the NGC 2024 (Flame Nebula) and Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) in the Orion molecular cloud complex. Our analysis is based on samples from the MYStIX survey and a new estimator of pre-main sequence (PMS) stellar ages, AgeJX, derived from X-ray and near-infrared photometric data. To overcome the problem of uncertain individual ages and large spreads of age distributions for entire clusters, we compute median ages and their confidence intervals of stellar samples within annular subregions of the clusters. We find core-halo age gradients in both the NGC 2024 cluster and ONC: PMS stars in cluster cores appear younger and thus were formed later than PMS stars in cluster peripheries. These findings are further supported by the spatial gradients in the disk fraction and K-band excess frequency. Our age analysis is based on AgeJX estimates for PMS stars, and is independent of any consideration of OB stars. The result has important implications for the formation of young stellar clusters. One basic implication is that clusters form slowly and the apparent age spreads in young stellar clusters, which are often controversial, are (at least in part) real. The result further implies that simple models where clusters form inside-out are incorrect, and more complex models are needed. We provide several star formation scenarios that alone or in combination may lead to the observed core-halo age gradients.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; 42 pages, 5 figures, and 1 table; High quality version is at http://astro.psu.edu/mystix
Global simulations of magnetorotational turbulence III: influence of field configuration and mass injection
Creators: name: Parkin, E. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stresses produced by magnetorotational turbulence can provide effective angular momentum transport in accretion disks. However, questions remain about the ability of simulated disks to reproduce observationally inferred stress-to-gas-pressure ratios. In this paper we present a set of high resolution global magnetohydrodynamic disk simulations which are initialised with different field configurations: purely toroidal, vertical field lines, and nested poloidal loops. A mass source term is included which allows the total disk mass to equilibrate in simulations with long run times, and also enables the impact of rapid mass injection to be explored. Notably different levels of angular momentum transport are observed during the early-time transient disk evolution. However, given sufficient time to relax, the different models evolve to a statistically similar quasi-steady state with a stress-to-gas-pressure ratio, $α\sim 0.032-0.036$. The indication from our results is that {\it steady, isolated} disks may be unable to maintain a large-scale magnetic field or produce values for the stress-to-gas-pressure ratio implied by some observations. Supplementary simulations exploring the influence of trapping magnetic field, injecting vertical field, and rapidly injecting additional mass into the disk show that large stresses ($α\sim 0.1-0.25$) can be induced by these mechanisms. The simulations highlight the common late-time evolution and characteristics of turbulent disks for which the magnetic field is allowed to evolve freely. If the boundaries of the disk, the rate of injection of magnetic field, or the rate of mass replenishment are modified to mimic astrophysical disks, markedly different disk evolution occurs.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
An Environmentally Friendly Antioxidant Foamed Gel for Inhibiting Spontaneous Combustion of Coal
Creators: name: Huang, Zhian
name: Quan, Sainan
name: Hu, Xiangming
name: Zhang, Yinghua
name: Gao, Yukun
name: Ji, Yucheng
name: Qi, Xuyao
name: Yin, Yichao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Coal spontaneous combustion can cause serious coal mine fire and gas explosion. In order to overcome the problem that the effect of existing materials to inhibit coal spontaneous combustion is reduced at high temperature and some environmental protection problems of materials, this study developed an effective, green and environmental protection antioxidant foamed gel (AFG). Modified sodium polyacrylate, konjac glucomannan, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate, modified silicone polyether microemulsion, montmorillonite, and tert-butyl hydroquinone were selected as raw materials. A single factor experiment was conducted to determine the appropriate adding proportions for each component. Then, the optimal proportion for the five components were fitted and verified by response surface analysis. The structures of the samples were characterized, and their properties were compared and tested. The fluidity, water loss, and thermogravimetry experiments demonstrated that the effect of AFG was excellent. In the experiment of in situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the AFG inhibition reaction was verified. Finally, combined with the structural characteristics of the AFG, the following inhibiting mechanisms were confirmed: AFG adhered to the coal surface and blocked the coal–oxygen contact; the antioxidant component slowed down chemisorption and the chemical reactions; AFG interrupted the free radical chain reaction.
Quantum Fisher information as signature of superradiant quantum phase transition
Creators: name: Wang, T. L.
name: Wu, L. N.
name: Yang, W.
name: Jin, G. R.
name: Lambert, N.
name: Nori, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The single-mode Dicke model is well-known to undergo a quantum phase transition from the so-called normal phase to the supperradiant phase (hereinafter called the "superradiant quantum phase transition"). Normally, quantum phase transitions are closely related to the critical behavior of quantities such as entanglement, quantum fluctuations, and fidelity. In this paper, we study quantum Fisher information (QFI) of the field mode and that of the atoms in the ground state of the Dicke Hamiltonian. For finite and large enough number of atoms, our numerical results show that near the critical atom-field coupling, the QFIs of the atomic and the field subsystems can surpass the classical limits, due to the appearance of nonclassical squeezed states. As the coupling increases far beyond the critical point, the two subsystems are in highly mixed states, which degrade the QFI and hence the ultimate phase sensitivity. In the thermodynamic limit, we present analytical results of the QFIs and their relationships with the reduced variances. For each subsystem, we find that there is a singularity in the derivative of the QFI at the critical point, a clear signature of quantum criticality in the Dicke model.
description: 7.8 pages, 3 figures, typing errors are fixed and new references are added
Education for All: Deficit-Thinking vs. Inclusive and Culturally Responsive Schooling
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023

description: The research study presents an in-depth investigation of the interplay and effects of (a) ‘neoliberal approaches to education’ (particularly the market-based ideology); and (b) ‘deficit-thinking’ (practice of holding lower expectations for minority students whose demographics do not fit the traditional context of the educational system) on the ‘restructuring’ process of the Maltese educational system into an inclusive and culturally responsive one. Hence, this thesis delved into national policy documents and explored the perceptions of diverse educational stakeholders to examine how educators make sense of ‘deficit-thinking’ and ‘inclusive education’ to shine a light on system-wide dynamics, processes and practices in favour of quality education for all learners. For this purpose, eight State schools (4 Primary and 4 Secondary) from four different colleges, in the Northern, Central and Southern regions of Malta, took part in the study upon acceptance. Research participants included: (a) policymakers (Education Minister; Director Generals; Directors; Church Schools Secretariat Representative and President of the Malta Union of Teachers); (b) College Principals of the four randomly selected colleges; (c) members of Senior Management Teams in schools; (d) middle leaders; (e) teachers, support specialists and/or educational practitioners; (f) learning support educators; and (g) Primary, Middle and Secondary students. The utilized ‘mixed-method’ approach (questionnaires, interviews, job-shadowing sessions, class observations, socio-metric tests, focus groups and document analysis) facilitated data collection, which helped to identify different cohorts of minority learners in local schools as well as to reveal system-wide weaknesses to inclusive education (lack of conceptual clarity on inclusion; resistance to high-leverage change due to lack of strategic leadership for inclusive education; one-size-fits-all teaching practices; and unsustainable support services). Research findings highlighted also the predominant presence of the ‘deficit ideology’, which seemed to intensify in conjunction with neoliberal approaches. Moreover, results helped to propose the ‘repositioning-of-the-self’ model, based on inclusive leadership, to unleash the power of ‘deliberative dialogue’ to encourage ‘collective thinking’ on how to eliminate ‘deficit-thinking’ practices from all hierarchical system levels and to transform schools into inclusive settings that validate and create ‘space’ for all students (including minority ones) to learn.
The Literary Journalism of Moa Martinson (1890–1964)
Creators: name: Hoyles, Anna
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023

description: This thesis brings to the fore the little-known journalism of the Swedish novelist Moa Martinson (1890–1964). Using a sample of 253 articles, spanning the years 1922–1960, it explores Martinson’s use of her class-based knowledge to expound her political and social ideas through her journalism. The articles, mainly published in syndicalist, anarchist, socialist and feminist newspapers, are analysed using close reading. Placing Martinson within her social and historical contexts, this study argues that Martinson’s work is literary journalism, a field where women, working-class writers (Roberts, 2012) and the Scandinavian countries (Tulloch and Keeble, 2012) are all underrepresented. In doing so, it highlights her narrative and descriptive skills, and in particular her distinctive journalistic voice. The thesis draws attention to two key aspects where the study of Martinson’s work may contribute to the theory of literary journalism. Firstly, in her deployment of the oral tradition she shows the potential for literary journalism to incorporate many of orality’s techniques as authenticating and reader-engagement approaches. Secondly, she exhibits an unusual, but powerful, attitude to literary journalism’s strategy of immersion. She writes from a world in which she has been submerged since birth: in doing so, personal experience becomes a form of immersion and her primary source of authority. In her hands, life events become a rhetorical tool to provide authority for her both as a writer and as a political activist. To illustrate these points, the thesis focuses on several major themes in Martinson’s journalism: the importance of maternal love and authority; a rejection of corporal punishment; and a damming indictment of the practice of charity, complemented by a belief in solidarity and mutual aid.
title: Man of Steal: Exploring Model Stealing Attacks against Image Classifiers
Creators: name: Oliynyk, Daryna
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning
subject: Model Stealing
subject: Convolutional Neural Networks

description: Machine learning models offered as a service are the most common targets for a model stealing attack that aims to reproduce a model's behaviour without its owner's consent. Such attacks lead to intellectual property violations and unfair competition, bringing more attention to the topic. This work analyses the most significant group of model stealing attacks against black-box image classifiers. We categorise relevant work based on the considered attacker's profile, and highlight inconsistencies in experiment design and attack evaluation that lead to comparability issues. Further, we conduct experiments against CNN image classifiers and investigate how different attacker's capabilities and attack optimisation techniques impact the attack's performance. In particular, we propose a novel data-free attack, which is significantly more efficient while having comparable performance with the state-of-the-art. Subsequently, we study three data-perturbation defences as countermeasures against model stealing attacks and investigate how they affect the utility of the target model. Finally, we re-visit the related work issues and propose solutions for each to ensure comparability in future work.
Light Generation and Harvesting in a Van der Waals Heterostructure
Creators: name: Lopez-Sanchez, Oriol
name: Llado, Esther Alarcon
name: Koman, Volodymyr
name: Morral, Anna Fontcuberta i
name: Radenovic, Aleksandra
name: Kis, Andras
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) materials are a new type of materials under intense study because of their interesting physical properties and wide range of potential applications from nanoelectronics to sensing and photonics. Monolayers of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides MoS2 or WSe2 have been proposed as promising channel materials for field-effect transistors (FETs). Their high mechanical flexibility, stability and quality coupled with potentially inexpensive production methods offer potential advantages compared to organic and crystalline bulk semiconductors. Due to quantum mechanical confinement, the band gap in monolayer MoS2 is direct in nature, leading to a strong interaction with light that can be exploited for building phototransistors and ultrasensitive photodetectors. Here, we report on the realization of light-emitting diodes based on vertical heterojunctions composed of n-type monolayer MoS2 and p-type silicon. Careful interface engineering allows us to realize diodes showing rectification and light emission from the entire surface of the heterojunction. Electroluminescence spectra show clear signs of direct excitons related to the optical transitions between the conduction and valence bands. Our pn diodes can also operate as solar cells, with typical external quantum efficiency exceeding 4%. Our work opens up the way to more sophisticated optoelectronic devices such as lasers and heterostructure solar cells based on hybrids of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors and silicon.
description: Submitted version
The Ceramic Blague as Cultural Critique
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023

description: This practice-based research project is an examination of the ceramic object as a critical vehicle. I will argue that: The ceramic object offers a range of effective critical alternatives to traditional forms of satire. I shall substantiate this judgement with the use of six case studies (CS) of significant ceramicists, notably Robert Arneson and Richard Slee, in order to establish contemporary practices, later referencing their work in contextualising my own practice which engages with six lines of enquiry (LoE). I shall draw upon a range of theorists from Rene Descartes on affect to Michel de Certeau on the everyday. I will conclude with the reflections and insights gained into materiality, affect and audience and suggest how these might clarify our understanding and contribute to the current literature. The impetus for this research originated outside academia in a review of my studio practice. It is the natural development of previous postgraduate enquiries, each of which concluded with outstanding questions. These experiences strongly suggested that clay has the capacity to produce stimulating and, possibly, alternative readings when used within a critical framework. My view is that ceramics is a dysfunctional field of practice, but one that has enormous potential as a critical tool if it adopts what I have termed the blague. This hypothesis stems from previous preliminary research which suggested that adopting a combination of artists’ case studies and studio practice lines of enquiry would produce significant primary research material. The previous studio practice being underpinned by humour suggested satire as the major research focus. I have adopted the term blague as an aggressive, critical form of mockery and ridicule which is tested across the LoEs. It should be noted that ceramic satire is not a recent phenomenon. Daumier’s terracotta portrait busts of members of the French National Assembly are unsurpassed but exist outside the scope of this contemporary enquiry.The scope of this enquiry does not cover ceramics’ expanded field, now largely focused on installation and performance. These areas have acquired critical priority and my research concern has been to address a gap recognised in a critical context. It is specific. In order to frame a distinctive and coherent research model, my concern has been to focus on the alienations driving artists to use the mockery and ridicule of the blague. The focus here is on figures who may not traditionally have been central to the story of artistic development. These marginal figures are used to illuminate historical and material changes within individual case studies and related lines of enquiry.
If humans disappeared, what would happen to our dogs?
Creators: name: Smith, Bradley
name: Cobb, Mia
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 529999
subject: Other psychology not elsewhere classified

description: For many of us, dogs are our best friends. But have you wondered what would happen to your dog if we suddenly disappeared? Can domestic dogs make do without people?

At least 80% of the world’s one billion or so dogs actually live independent, free-ranging lives – and they offer some clues. Who would our dogs be if we weren’t around to influence and care for them?
A New Clustering Approach for Anomaly Intrusion Detection
Creators: name: Ranjan, Ravi
name: Sahoo, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in technology have made our work easier compare to earlier times. Computer network is growing day by day but while discussing about the security of computers and networks it has always been a major concerns for organizations varying from smaller to larger enterprises. It is true that organizations are aware of the possible threats and attacks so they always prepare for the safer side but due to some loopholes attackers are able to make attacks. Intrusion detection is one of the major fields of research and researchers are trying to find new algorithms for detecting intrusions. Clustering techniques of data mining is an interested area of research for detecting possible intrusions and attacks. This paper presents a new clustering approach for anomaly intrusion detection by using the approach of K-medoids method of clustering and its certain modifications. The proposed algorithm is able to achieve high detection rate and overcomes the disadvantages of K-means algorithm.
description: 10 pages with 3 figures,2 Tables This paper explains about clustering methodology used in Data Mining field for Intrusion Detection in the area of Network Security
Understanding Cultural Capital for Impression Management in Senior Executives
Creators: name: Mak, Connie
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: N500 - Marketing

description: While most consumer studies rely on a cross-sectional approach and focus predominantly on leisure and home settings, this thesis adopts a processual view to understand what and how cultural capital for impression management is acquired and changes over the career trajectories of senior executives. Specifically, this study positions the workplace as a ‘site of consumption’ and advances the work of Erving Goffman and Pierre Bourdieu by revealing mutability as key to understanding the work habitus as a malleable structuring-structure that is intimately entwined with the ongoing construction of the self.Using narrative interviewing and walking-with methods, the study finds that cultural resources and practices for impression management evolve over the career of professionals. Junior executives are found to predominantly rely on ‘socially conspicuous sign-vehicles’ while senior executives deploy more ‘subtle embodied capital’ to differentiate their ingrained habitus. While field-specificity continue to prevail in the workplace, this study reveals a new dimension to Bourdieu’s theory of cultural capital, which is found to transcend field boundaries in a more ‘superior’ and resilient manner among senior executives. By synchronising competences of ‘self-knowing’ and ‘field-sensing’, they attain ‘self-field symbiosis’ in optimal fields that provide a cultural fit for their habitus. Premises on the assumption that ‘habitus shapes and enables impression management’, this study also advances the current theory of symbolic consumption in a way that goes beyond conceptualising possessions as signifiers of the self. Rather the thesis gives primacy to understanding how consumption practices reveal competences in mobilising resources that project a gestalt performance of the self.While Bourdieu focuses mainly on primary socialisation, this study demonstrates that the workplace, including the to-and-from work routes, is in itself a potent ground for appropriating embodied dispositions. Through various sources of socialisation, executives acquire and consume diverse forms of cultural capital and overtime come to embody idiosyncratic changes to their workplace habitus in a way that straddle the duality between production and consumption.
Hierarchical scale-free network is fragile against random failure
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Takehisa
name: Nemoto, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate site percolation in a hierarchical scale-free network known as the Dorogovtsev- Goltsev-Mendes network. We use the generating function method to show that the percolation threshold is 1, i.e., the system is not in the percolating phase when the occupation probability is less than 1. The present result is contrasted to bond percolation in the same network of which the percolation threshold is zero. We also show that the percolation threshold of intentional attacks is 1. Our results suggest that this hierarchical scale-free network is very fragile against both random failure and intentional attacks. Such a structural defect is common in many hierarchical network models.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Supplementary document for Low-power, single-CW-beam, three-dimensional nanoscopy with sub-60-nm isotropic resolution through self-interference field excitation - 7180524.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Chang
name: Pan, Binxiong
name: Wang, Baoju
name: Zhao, Qi
name: Ni, Yue
name: Wu, Hui
name: Luo, Zewei
name: Chen, Tongsheng
name: zhan, Qiuqiang
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Metal-insulator transition upon heating and negative-differential-resistive-switching induced by self-heating in BaCo0.9Ni0.1S1.8
Creators: name: Fisher, B.
name: Genossar, J.
name: Chashka, K. B.
name: Patlagan, L.
name: Reisner, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The layered compound BaCo1-xNixS2-y (0.05
description: To appear in APL
How difficult it is to prove the quantumness of macroscropic states?
Creators: name: Sekatski, Pavel
name: Gisin, Nicolas
name: Sangouard, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General wisdom tells us that if two quantum states are ``macroscopically distinguishable'' then their superposition should be hard to observe. We make this intuition precise and general by quantifying the difficulty to observe the quantum nature of a superposition of two states that can be distinguished without microscopic accuracy. First, we quantify the distinguishability of any given pair of quantum states with measurement devices lacking microscopic accuracy, i.e. measurements suffering from limited resolution or limited sensitivity. Next, we quantify the required stability that have to be fulfilled by any measurement setup able to distinguish their superposition from a mere mixture. Finally, by establishing a relationship between the stability requirement and the ``macroscopic distinguishability'' of the two superposed states, we demonstrate that indeed, the more distinguishable the states are, the more demanding are the stability requirements.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
New CCD photometric observation of the W-UMa eclipsing binary system 1swasp j160156.04+202821.6
Creators: name: Essam, A.
name: A, Nasser M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New BVRI light curves of the eclipsing binary system 1SWASP J160156.04+202821.6 have been obtained with the 1.88-m telescope of Kottamia Astronomical Observatory (KAO), Egypt on June, 2013. New twenty times of minima of the system J1601 and new ephemeris have been reduced and derived from the present photometry. A preliminary determination of the geometric and photometric element parameters of the system J1601 has been derived.
description: 2 Pages. Conference Proceedings of Binary 2013, 16-19 Sep. 2013, University of Leuven, Belgium
Superattracting fixed points of quasiregular mappings
Creators: name: Fletcher, Alastair
name: Nicks, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F10 (Primary) 30C65, 30D05 (Secondary)

description: We investigate the rate of convergence of the iterates of an n-dimensional quasiregular mapping within the basin of attraction of a fixed point of high local index. A key tool is a refinement of a result that gives bounds on the distortion of the image of a small spherical shell. This result also has applications to the rate of growth of quasiregular mappings of polynomial type, and to the rate at which the iterates of such maps can escape to infinity.
description: 12 pages
Leveraging Systems Genetics for Novel Insights into the Genetic Regulation of Lipids in Cardiometabolic Diseases
Creators: name: JURRJENS, AARON WILLIAM
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310114
subject: Systems biology

description: Cardiometabolic diseases are a group of related disorders that are influenced by our genetics, environment, and lifestyle factors and impose a significant burden to society. Through his work, Aaron characterised the role of a novel gene in regulating fat levels in the liver, which could possibly guide the development of new strategies to treat fatty liver disease. His work also provides insight into some exciting new ways in which we can discover new genes that contribute to fatty liver and heart disease, in order to help us better understand, diagnose and treat these conditions.
Вестник Российского нового университета серия «Сложные системы: модели, анализ, управление», Выпуск 22018
Creators: name: Автономная некоммерческая организация высшего образования «Российский новый университет»
Publisher: name: Вестник Российского нового университета серия «Сложные системы: модели, анализ, управление»
Year: 2018

description: , Выпуск 22018
Association of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors and Their HLA-Ligands with Type 1 Diabetes Among South Indian Population
Creators: name: Gunavathy, Nagarajan
name: Asirvatham, Arthur
name: Chitra, Ayyappan
name: Jayalakshmi, Mariakuttikan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease, involving strong genetic components with familial predisposition. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) found on the surface of NK cells have ligands of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I that are associated with T1D. The present study evaluates the influence of KIR genes and their HLA-ligands in the aetiology of T1D among the South Indian population. A total of 125 T1D patients, along with their parents (n = 126) and siblings (n = 52) were recruited. PCR-based genotyping was performed for KIR genes and HLA class I ligands. The gene frequencies were compared between patients and siblings/parents. Linkage-disequilibrium (LD) analysis was performed to assess the genetic association between KIR gene pairs. The results show significant differences in HLA-ligands of KIR genes between patients and parents. The HLA-C1C1 homozygosity was found to be a predisposing risk factor, and HLA-C1C2 heterozygosity was protective towards T1D along with either the activating KIR2DS2 or inhibitory KIRs 2DL1, 2DL2, 2DL3. However, the frequency of inhibitory KIR3DL1 significantly increased in the presence of HLA-B Bw4 Ile80 in parents when compared to patients showing a protective effect on T1D. Two pairs of KIR genes, 2DS4-3DL1 and 2DS1-2DL5, showed strong LD in patients, siblings and parents. The KIR-HLA ligand combinations have a significant effect on T1D aetiology among the South Indian population. This study defines a pattern for family-based association studies with genotypic information about KIR genes and their HLA-ligands, providing the first evidence towards T1D among the South Indian population.
Understanding Beyond the Mean with Distributional Regression Models
Creators: name: Wang, Yunyun
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 380202
subject: Econometric and statistical methods

description: Moving beyond the traditional mean-focused analyses, this thesis presents three innovative distribution modeling strategies for exploring multivariate independent and time series data. These models offer a complete picture of the underlying data distribution and reveal critical insights into data characteristics such as skewness, tail risks, and variability that mean-focused analyses might overlook. Empirically, these models have been successfully applied across various fields, including insurance, economic forecasting, and policy-making, providing a solid foundation for informed economic decision-making and effective policy formulation.
String loops oscillating in the field of Kerr black holes as a possible explanation of twin high-frequency quasiperiodic oscillations observed in microquasars
Creators: name: Stuchlík, Zdeněk
name: Kološ, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small oscillations of current-carrying string loops around stable equilibrium positions corresponding to minima of the effective potential in the equatorial plane of the Kerr black holes are studied using the perturbation method. In the lowest approximation, two uncoupled harmonic oscillators are obtained that govern the radial and vertical oscillations; the higher-order terms determine non-linear phenomena and transition to chaotic motion through quasi-periodic stages of the oscillatory motion. The radial profiles of frequencies of the radial and vertical harmonic oscillations that are relevant also in the quasi-periodic stages of the oscillatory motion are given, and their properties in dependence on the spin of the black holes and the angular momentum and tension of the string loops are determined. It is shown that the radial profiles differ substantially from those corresponding to the radial and vertical frequencies of the geodetical epicyclic motion; however, they have the same mass-scaling and their magnitude is of the same order. Therefore, we are able to demonstrate that assuming relevance of resonant phenomena of the radial and vertical string-loop oscillations at their frequency ratio 3:2, the oscillatory frequencies of string loops can be well related to the frequencies of the twin high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (HF QPOs) observed in the microquasars GRS 1915+105, XTE 1550-564, GRO 1655-40. We can conclude that oscillating current-carrying string loops have to be considered as one of the possible explanations of the HF QPOs occurring in the field of compact objects.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, published in PRD. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1309.7357
Multidimensional Dirac strings and the Witten index of SYMCS theories with groups of higher rank
Creators: name: Smilga, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss generalized Dirac strings associated with a given Lie group. They live in r-dimensional complex space (r being the rank of the group). Such strings show up in the effective Born-Oppenheimer Hamiltonian for 3d supersymmetric Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theories, brought up by the gluon loops. We calculate accurately the number of the vacuum states in the effective Hamiltonian associated with these strings. We also show that these states are irrelevant for the final SYMCS vacuum counting. The Witten index of SYMCS theories depends thus only on the strings generated by fermion loops and carrying fractional generalized fluxes.
description: 34 pages, 4 figures
Symbolic –Consumption, Brands and Self-identity: The case of young executives in Hong Kong
Creators: name: Mak, Connie
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: N500 - Marketing

description: There is growing attention in the symbolic use of consumer goods in conveying and perceiving self-identities. The most intimate forms of possession – clothing and appearances – have also been widely studied in the West as a kind of lifestyle expression for self-construction and class distinction.Although recently, interest in the booming Eastern consumer market has been aroused, the understanding of the material presentation of the self in collective cultures remains limited. Through an interpretive semi-ethnographic approach, this study attempts to investigate the extent to which Western theories on impression and appearance management are applicable to Eastern cultures. The capacity to distinguish oneself as well as others through the manipulations of lifestyle and consumption – a form of cultural capital – has been found as not inherent but accumulated through a learning process. This research therefore tries to understand how and what kinds of cultural capitals in terms of appearance management are earned and learnt through time when people enter a new environment. The early chapters of this thesis present a thorough review on the relevant existing literature which has led to the above research focus. In-depth interviews were conducted with 25 young executives from the Eastern society of Hong Kong, in an attempt to explore the process of inculcating the knowledge of differentiating work identities through material appearances since their joining of the commercial world. Information obtained from non-participant observations was also triangulated in the iterative and layered analysis, so as to deliver an exploratory-oriented repots with thick descriptions.The research suggests that appearance management and the significance of working clothes in establishing identities are validated as culture-shared phenomena. The presentation of the self is found to be a highly “social” exercise under the collective culture, in which the audience plays an imperative role. Five distinctive learning stages, each embracing a surging degree of culminated cultural capitals, have be identified. The study also finds that distinctions made by more experienced professionals tend to be achieved through multi-media communications, incorporating the complementary material appearance and the immaterial cues such as demeanor and dispositions. This research therefore contributes by substantiating that cultural capital is far from being innately pre-disposed, but is accumulated through the process of learning. Acknowledging this axiom, the thesis also demonstrates how the existing theories on impression management can be more contributive if they address that their degree of validity could vary with the learning stages and socialization status of individuals. Some managerial implications, possible future agenda and methodological improvements are also presented.
Erupciones en época histórica en La Palma, Canarias
Creators: name: Campos-Gómez, M
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Vulcanismo canario, La Palma, Hotspot

description: El archipiélago canario, es un claro ejemplo de la manifestación de una anomalía térmica, más conocida como punto caliente. Este archipiélago esta conformado por 7 islas, de las cuales, La Palma es la que ha experimentado erupciones más recientes. El presente video muestra una cartografía tridimensional de la isla y sus erupciones en épocas históricas, ordenándolas cronológicamente.
description: Sorfware usado en la cartografía tridimensional, Move.
Large-n conditional facedness m_n of 3D Poisson-Voronoi cells
Creators: name: Hilhorst, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the three-dimensional Poisson-Voronoi tessellation and study the average facedness m_n of a cell known to neighbor an n-faced cell. Whereas Aboav's law states that m_n=A+B/n, theoretical arguments indicate an asymptotic expansion m_n = 8 + k_1 n^{-1/6} +.... Recent new Monte Carlo data due to Lazar et al., based on a very large data set, now clearly rule out Aboav's law. In this work we determine the numerical value of k_1 and compare the expansion to the Monte Carlo data. The calculation of k_1 involves an auxiliary planar cellular structure composed of circular arcs, that we will call the Poisson-Moebius diagram. It is a special case of more general Moebius diagrams (or multiplicatively weighted power diagrams) and is of interest for its own sake. We obtain exact results for the total edge length per unit area, which is a prerequisite for the coefficient k_1, and a few other quantities in this diagram.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
PT-restoration via increased loss-gain in PT-symmetric Aubry-Andre model
Creators: name: Liang, Charles
name: Scott, Derek D.
name: Joglekar, Yogesh N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In systems with ``balanced loss and gain'', the PT-symmetry is broken by increasing the non-hermiticity or the loss-gain strength. We show that finite lattices with oscillatory, PT-symmetric potentials exhibit a new class of PT-symmetry breaking and restoration. We obtain the PT phase diagram as a function of potential periodicity, which also controls the location complex eigenvalues in the lattice spectrum. We show that the sum of PT-potentials with nearby periodicities leads to PT-symmetry restoration, where the system goes from a PT-broken state to a PT-symmetric state as the average loss-gain strength is increased. We discuss the implications of this novel transition for the propagation of a light in an array of coupled waveguides.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Group-velocity slowdown in a double quantum-dot molecule
Creators: name: Michael, Stephan
name: Chow, Weng W.
name: Schneider, Hans Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The slowdown of optical pulses due to quantum-coherence effects is investigated theoretically for an "active material" consisting of InGaAs-based double quantum-dot molecules. These are designed to exhibit a long lived coherence between two electronic levels, which is an essential part of a quantum coherence scheme that makes use of electromagnetically-induced transparency effects to achieve group velocity slowdown. We apply a many-particle approach based on realistic semiconductor parameters that allows us to calculate the quantum-dot material dynamics including microscopic carrier scattering and polarisation dephasing dynamics. The group-velocity reduction is characterized in the frequency domain by a quasi-equilibrium slow-down factor and in the time domain by the probe-pulse slowdown obtained from a calculation of the spatio-temporal material dynamics coupled to the propagating optical field. The group-velocity slowdown in the quantum-dot molecule is shown to be substantially higher than what is achievable from similar transitions in typical InGaAs-based single quantum dots. The dependences of slowdown and shape of the propagating probe pulses on lattice temperature and drive intensities are investigated.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures
Evaluation of Software Architecture Quality Attribute for an Internet Banking System
Creators: name: Meiappane, A.
name: Chithra, B.
name: Venkataesan, Prasanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The design phase plays a vital role than all other phases in the software development. Software Architecture has to meet both the functional and non-functional quality requirements. The Evaluation of Architecture has to be performed, so that the developers are assured that their selected Architecture will reduce the cost and effort and also enhances the various quality attributes like Availability, Reusability, Performance, Modifiability and Extendibility. The success of the system depends upon the Architecture Evaluation by the essential method to the system. The overall ranking of the candidate architecture is ascertained by assigning weight to the scenario and scenario interaction. In this paper, SAAM method is taken to evaluate the two architectures from the various available method and techniques to achieve the various quality attributes by weight metric.
description: 4 pages
A unified neural model explaining optimal multi-guidance coordination in insect navigation
Creators: name: Sun, Xuelong
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: C990 - Biological sciences not elsewhere classified
I430 - Neural computing
I490 - Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified

description: The robust navigation of insects arises from the coordinated action of concurrently functioning and interacting guidance systems. Computational models of specific brain regions can account for isolated behaviours such as path integration or route following, but the neural mechanisms by which their outputs are coordinated remains unknown. In this work, a functional modelling approach was taken to identify and model the elemental guidance subsystems required by homing insects. Then we produced realistic adaptive behaviours by integrating different guidance's outputs in a biologically constrained unified model mapped onto identified neural circuits. Homing paths are quantitatively and qualitatively compared with real ant data in a series of simulation studies replicating key infield experiments.Our analysis reveals that insects require independent visual homing and route following capabilities which we show can be realised by encoding panoramic skylines in the frequency domain, using image processing circuits in the optic lobe and learning pathways through the Mushroom Bodies (MB) and Anterior Optic Tubercle (AOTU) to Bulb (BU) respectively before converging in the Central Complex (CX) steering circuit.Further, we demonstrate that a ring attractor network inspired by firing patterns recorded in the CX can optimally integrate the outputs of path integration and visual homing systems guiding simulated ants back to their familiar route, and a simple non-linear weighting function driven by the output of the MB provides a context-dependent switch allowing route following strategies to dominate and the learned route retraced back to the nest when familiar terrain is encountered.The resultant unified model of insect navigation reproduces behavioural data from a series of cue conflict experiments in realistic animal environments and offers testable hypotheses of where and how insects process visual cues, utilise the different information that they provide and coordinate their outputs to achieve the adaptive behaviours observed in the wild. These results forward the case for a distributed architecture of the insect navigational toolkit.This unified model then be further validated by modelling the olfactory navigation of flies and ants. With simple adaptions of the sensory inputs, this model reproduces the main characteristics of the observed behavioural data, further demonstrating the useful role played by sensory-processing to CX to motor pathway in generating context-dependent coordination behaviours. In addition, this model help to complete the unified model of insect navigation by adding the olfactory cues that is one of the most crucial cues for insects.