cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Remarkable effects of disorder on superconductivity of single atomic layers of lead on silicon
Creators: name: Brun, C.
name: Cren, T.
name: Cherkez, V.
name: Debontridder, F.
name: Pons, S.
name: Ioffe, L. B
name: Altshuler, B. L.
name: Fokin, D.
name: Tringides, M. C.
name: Bozhko, S.
name: Roditchev, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In bulk materials superconductivity is remarkably robust with respect to non-magnetic disorder. In the two-dimensional limit however, the quantum condensate suffers from the effects produced by disorder and electron correlations which both tend to destroy superconductivity . The recent discovery of superconductivity in single atomic layers of Pb, the striped incommensurate (SIC) and $\sqrt{7}\times\sqrt{3}$ Pb/Si(111), opened an unique opportunity to probe the influence of well-identified structural disorder on two-dimensional superconductivity at the atomic and mesoscopic scale. In these two ultimate condensates we reveal how the superconducting spectra loose their conventional character, by mapping the local tunneling density of states. We report variations of the spectral properties even at scales significantly shorter than the coherence length. Furthermore, fine structural differences between the two monolayers, such as their atomic density, lead to very different superconducting behaviour. The denser SIC remains globally robust to disorder, as are thicker Pb films, whereas in the slighly more diluted $\sqrt{7}\times\sqrt{3}$ system superconductivity is strongly fragilized. A consequence of this weakness is revealed at monoatomic steps of $\sqrt{7}\times\sqrt{3}$, which disrupt superconductivity at the atomic scale. This effect witnesses that each individual step edge is a Josephson barrier. At a mesoscopic scale the weakly linked superconducting atomic terraces of $\sqrt{7}\times\sqrt{3}$ form a native network of Josephson junctions. We anticipate the Pb/Si(111) system to offer the unique opportunity to tune the superconducting coupling between adjacent terraces, paving a new way of designing atomic scale quantum devices compatible with silicon technology.
description: submitted to Nature Physics
Descentralização, Gestão e Desenvolvimento Local: Uma apreciação a partir do Plano Nacional de Turismo
Creators: name: Silva, Patrícia Rosvadoski Da
name: Silveira, Suely De Fátima Ramos
name: Deboçã, Leonardo Pinheiro
Publisher: name: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento
Year: 2012

description: O turismo é uma atividade que está em constante crescimento, gerando benefícios como emprego, renda, melhorias de infraestrutura, e até uma vida melhor para as localidades que sobrevivem dele. Na medida em que a atividade turística ganha corpo como promissora para o desenvolvimento local, a administração pública deve assumir o seu papel enquanto provedora e reguladora da atividade. Neste caminho, o Plano Nacional de Turismo (PNT) configurou-se como o principal documento no Brasil a reger a atividade turística, apontando diretrizes para que os governos estaduais, secretarias e demais atores envolvidos pudessem nortear suas políticas públicas. Este trabalho procurou discutir os objetivos do Macroprograma 4 do PNT à luz dos conceitos de Descentralização, Gestão e Desenvolvimento Local. O trabalho foi estruturado a partir da introdução, do referencial teórico explanando os conceitos de gestão e políticas públicas, descentralização, da forma como as políticas públicas estão inseridas na atividade turística e, por fim, dos conceitos de desenvolvimento local e turismo, seguidos dos procedimentos metodológicos utilizados e da análise dos resultados. Este estudo caracteriza-se por qualitativo, descritivo e documental. Os dados utilizados foram secundários, recorrendo ao Plano Nacional do Turismo e ao Relatório Brasil 2010 do Índice de Competitividade do Turismo Nacional, e foram coletados no sítio oficial do Ministério do Turismo, sendo que a análise foi dividida em duas partes: na primeira, os dados foram transcritos dos resultados do MTUR, dentro das treze dimensões utilizadas pelo ministério. Na segunda etapa foram avaliadas as categorias de análise – Descentralização, Gestão, Desenvolvimento Local, sendo, portanto, que as bases para analisar são as treze dimensões propostas pelo MTUR, nas quais se manifestam indicadores de competitividade do turismo no Brasil. Conclui-se que, dentro das categorias analisadas, os objetivos do Macroprograma 4 não foram atingidos de forma satisfatória.
description: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, vol. 2 n.º 17/18 (2012)
Spam four ways: Making sense of text data
Creators: name: Horton, Nicholas J.
name: Chao, Jie
name: Finzer, William
name: Palmer, Phebe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The world is full of text data, yet text analytics has not traditionally played a large part in statistics education. We consider four different ways to provide students with opportunities to explore whether email messages are unwanted correspondence (spam). Text from subject lines are used to identify features that can be used in classification. The approaches include use of a Model Eliciting Activity, exploration with CODAP, modeling with a specially designed Shiny app, and coding more sophisticated analyses using R. The approaches vary in their use of technology and code but all share the common goal of using data to make better decisions and assessment of the accuracy of those decisions.
description: in press, CHANCE
Relativistic scalar fields and the quasi-static approximation in theories of modified gravity
Creators: name: Noller, Johannes
name: von Braun-Bates, Francesca
name: Ferreira, Pedro G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic scalar fields are ubiquitous in modified theories of gravity. An important tool in understanding their impact on structure formation, especially in the context of N-body simulations, is the quasi-static approximation in which the time evolution of perturbations in the scalar fields is discarded. We show that this approximation must be used with some care by studying linearly perturbed scalar field cosmologies and quantifying the errors that arise from taking the quasi-static limit. We focus on f(R) and chameleon models and link the accuracy of the quasi-static approximation to the fast/slow-roll behaviour of the background and its proximity to ΛCDM. Investigating a large range of scales, from super- to sub-horizon, we find that slow-rolling (ΛCDM-like) backgrounds generically result in good quasi-static behaviour, even on (super-)horizon scales. We also discuss how the approximation might affect studying the non-linear growth of structure in numerical N-body simulations.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
Controllable multiple beam splitting in Hermitian and non-Hermitian symmetric coupled waveguide systems
Creators: name: Dou, Fu-Quan
name: Wei, Ya-Ting
name: Han, Min-Peng
name: Sun, Jian-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate high-fidelity multiple beam splitting in Hermitian and non-Hermitian symmetric coupled waveguides with one input and 2N output waveguide channels. In Hermitian systems, we realize adiabatically light splitting in resonant case based on the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) and arbitrary proportion from the middle waveguide to outer waveguides in propagation coefficients mismatch case using shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) technique. In non-Hermitian systems with even waveguides being dissipative, the compact and robust beam splitting can be achieved by eliminating the non-adiabatic coupling via the non-Hermitian STA method. We further verify the feasibility of our theoretical predictions by means of the beam propagation method (BPM). The suggested multiple beam splitters open new opportunities for the realization of on-chip high-bandwidth photonics with high fidelity in short distances.
description: Accepted
Formação e Estruturação do Produto Turístico Potiguar
Creators: name: Teixeira, Kátia Simone Santiago
name: Pimenta, Margareth De Castro Afeche
Publisher: name: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento
Year: 2012

description: A pesquisa aqui relatada apresenta uma análise do processo de formação e estruturação do produto turístico potiguar através do exame da evolução histórica do planejamento do turismo em seu território; para tanto, buscou compreender o contexto das políticas públicas de turismo implementadas pelo governo federal e as ações voltadas ao desenvolvimento da atividade realizadas pelo Estado. A investigação, que foi desenvolvida no segundo semestre do ano de 2011, teve caráter essencialmente bibliográfico e documental; prevaleceu o método dialético em sua análise. Verificou-se, após este estudo, que a decisão do Rio Grande do Norte em optar por investir na preparação de seu território para o desenvolvimento do turismo, antes mesmo do Governo Federal abordar o assunto, foi decisiva para o sucesso que hoje o Estado alcança em relação ao desenvolvimento da atividade. A diversificação da sua oferta turística também foi facilitada pela preparação e cuidado que o Estado Potiguar teve em relação ao planejamento do turismo em seu território; estas ações forneceram experiências para a estruturação de novos e variados produtos turísticos e propiciaram a busca pelo aprimoramento, visando assegurar o destaque do Estado no desenvolvimento da atividade turística.
description: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, vol. 2 n.º 17/18 (2012)
A new method for classifying galaxy SEDs from multi-wavelength photometry
Creators: name: Wild, Vivienne
name: Almaini, Omar
name: Cirasuolo, Michele
name: Dunlop, Jim
name: McLure, Ross
name: Bowler, Rebecca
name: Ferreira, Joao
name: Bradshaw, Emma
name: Chuter, Robert
name: Hartley, Will
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method to classify the broad band optical-NIR spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of galaxies using three shape parameters (super-colours) based on a Principal Component Analysis of model SEDs. As well as providing a compact representation of the wide variety of SED shapes, the method allows for easy visualisation of information loss and biases caused by the incomplete sampling of the rest-frame SED as a function of redshift. We apply the method to galaxies in the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey with 0.911, declining steadily to 13% at log(M*/Msol)=10. The properties and mass-function of the post-starburst galaxies are consistent with a scenario in which gas-rich mergers contribute to the growth of the low and intermediate mass range of the red sequence.
description: 19 pages, 17 figures, MNRAS accepted. A version with high resolution figures can be downloaded from http://www-star.st-and.ac.uk/~vw8/udsz_supercolour_hires.pdf
Wie in Wien das Recht u. Gesetz über die Anarchie triumfirt; [1848?]
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Verlag v. R. Baist in Rödelheim
Projeções regionais das alterações climáticas no turismo: reflexões sobre os impactes na Europa e no Mediterrâneo
Creators: name: Souza, Karina
name: Debeus, Guilherme
Publisher: name: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento
Year: 2012

description: As mudanças climáticas estão em destaque pela forte ameaça dos seus efeitos em áreas essenciais da sociedade na medida em que o aumento da temperatura provoca alterações nos padrões de precipitação, subida do nível do mar, erosão e outros impactes. O turismo é uma das principais atividades econômicas no mundo e é tanto responsável por parte das emissões de CO2 como também uma das atividades que mais sofre com os impactes das previsões das alterações climáticas. Sendo o turismo também uma ferramenta para a redistribuição da riqueza, um catalisador para minimizar conflitos e um instrumento para preservação cultural e conservação ambiental, este artigo propõe uma discussão sobre as causas, os efeitos e as medidas de mitigação e adaptação que o turismo pode ter. Para tal são utilizados como base os relatórios do IPCC e suas projeções regionais. Com foco mais direcionado para a região europeia, verifica-se que os impactes sentidos nesta área do planeta, onde a atividade turística é intensa, serão significativos, colocando inclusive algumas localidades em risco de deixarem de exercer tais atividades. No entanto, verificam-se algumas medidas de mitigação e adaptação que já existem ou estão em fase de implementação.
description: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, vol. 2 n.º 17/18 (2012)
NLO QCD and EW corrections to vector-boson scattering into $\rm W^+W^-$ at the LHC
Creators: name: Denner, Ansgar
name: Franken, Robert
name: Schmidt, Timo
name: Schwan, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the full next-to-leading-order electroweak and QCD corrections to vector-boson scattering into a pair of off-shell opposite-sign W bosons decaying into leptons of different flavour at the LHC. We include full leading-order predictions for the irreducible background. Explicitly, we investigate the process ${\rm pp \to e^+ ν_eμ^-\barν_μjj} + X$ at leading orders $O(α^6)$, $O(\rmα_sα^5)$, $O(\rmα_s^2α^4)$, supplemented by the loop-induced $O(\rmα_s^4α^4)$ contribution, and at next-to-leading orders $O(α^7)$ and $O(\rmα_sα^6)$ in two setups providing fiducial cross sections as well as differential distributions. We take full account of photon-induced next-to-leading-order contributions, which prove to be non negligible. With $-11.4\%$ and $-6.7\%$ in the two setups, the electroweak corrections are smaller than for other vector-boson-scattering processes. This can be traced back to the presence of the Higgs-boson resonance in the fiducial phase space, whose effects we analyse within an additional unphysical, but manifestly gauge-invariant setup. The QCD corrections amount to $-5.1\%$ and $-21.6\%$ in the two setups. The large size of the latter correction, compared to other vector-boson scattering processes, is explained by a very restrictive definition of its fiducial phase space.
description: 34 pages, 29 pdf figure files, some extra comments added, version that appeared in JHEP
New insights on the fossil mammals from Casal de’Pazzi (Rome)
Creators: name: Pandolfi, Luca
name: Martino, Roberta
name: Palombo, Maria Rita
Publisher: name: Journal of Mediterranean Earth Sciences
Year: 2023

description: The mammal fauna from Casal de’Pazzi (Rome) has been listed in several papers during the past decades, but a detailed taxonomic study has never been published. In this paper, the specimens retrieved or still embedded in sediments from the musealized area of the Casal de’Pazzi site are described and compared for the first time. The morphological and morphometric analyses allow the detection of the following taxa: Palaeoloxodon antiquus, Canis cf. lupus, Crocuta cf. spelaea, Equus sp., Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis, Hippopotamus cf. amphibius, Sus scrofa, Cervus elaphus, Dama dama, and Bos primigenius. The studied remains, although comprising a small sample compared to those collected in situ during excavations, represent an important record in the context of the Middle Pleistocene faunal assemblages of the Roman Basin.
description: Journal of Mediterranean Earth Sciences, Vol. 15 (2023): In progress
Long Term Spectral Evolution of Tidal Disruption Candidates Selected by Strong Coronal Lines
Creators: name: Yang, Chenwei
name: Wang, Tinggui
name: Ferland, Gary
name: Yuan, Weimin
name: Zhou, Hongyan
name: Jiang, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of follow-up optical spectroscopic observations of seven rare, extreme coronal line emitting galaxies reported by Wang et al. (2012) with Multi-Mirror Telescope (MMT). Large variations in coronal lines are found in four objects, making them strong candidates of tidal disruption events (TDE). For the four TDE candidates, all the coronal lines with ionization status higher than [Fe VII] disappear within 5-9 years. The [Fe VII] faded by a factor of about five in one object (J0952+2143) within 4 years, whereas emerged in other two without them previously. A strong increment in the [O III] flux is observed, shifting the line ratios towards the loci of active galactic nucleus on the BPT diagrams. Surprisingly, we detect a non-canonical [O III]5007/[O III]4959 2 in two objects, indicating a large column density of O$^{2+}$ and thus probably optical thick gas. This also requires a very large ionization parameter and relatively soft ionizing spectral energy distribution (e.g. blackbody with $T < 5\times 10^4$ K). Our observations can be explained as echoing of a strong ultraviolet to soft X-ray flare caused by tidal disruption events, on molecular clouds in the inner parsecs of the galactic nuclei. Re-analyzing the SDSS spectra reveals double-peaked or strongly blue-shouldered broad lines in three of the objects, which disappeared in the MMT spectra in two objects, and faded by a factor of ten in 8 years in the remaining object with a decrease in both the line width and centroid offset. We interpret these broad lines as arising from decelerating biconical outflows. Our results demonstrate that the signatures of echoing can persist for as long as ten years, and can be used to probe the gas environment in the quiescent galactic nuclei.
description: 30 Pages, 10 Figures, 2 Tables, Accepted for Publication in ApJ
Probing spin dynamics of 2D excitons with twisted light
Creators: name: Pattanayak, A. K.
name: Das, P.
name: Chakrabarty, D.
name: Dhara, A.
name: Paul, S.
name: Maji, S.
name: Brundavanam, M. M.
name: Dhara, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mechanism of intravalley spin-flip scattering in spin-valley coupled two dimensional systems by transferring momentum of light into exciton center of mass using optical vortex (OV) beams. By varying the dispersion of light using the topological charge of OV beam, we demonstrate a unique approach to control the intra-valley spin-flip scattering rate of excitons. From our photoluminescence measurements, we demonstrate that the intra-valley scattering rate in W-based TMDs can be tuned externally by OV beams. Variation of photoluminescence intensity with topological charges shows a crossover temperature (> 150 K), indicating competitions among time scales involving radiative recombination, spin-flip scattering, and thermal relaxations. Our proposed technique utilizing a structured light beam can open up a new approach to explore the physics of excitons in 2D systems.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures (Main text); 13 pages, 12 figures (Supporting Information)
Emergent Quantum Mechanics at the Boundary of a Local Classical Lattice Model
Creators: name: Slagle, Kevin
name: Preskill, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a conceptually new model in which quantum mechanics emerges from classical mechanics. Given a local Hamiltonian $H$ acting on $n$ qubits, we define a local classical model with an additional spatial dimension whose boundary dynamics is approximately -- but to arbitrary precision -- described by Schrödinger's equation and $H$. The bulk consists of a lattice of classical bits that propagate towards the boundary through a circuit of stochastic matrices. The bits reaching the boundary are governed by a probability distribution whose deviation from the uniform distribution can be interpreted as the quantum-mechanical wavefunction. Bell nonlocality is achieved because information can move through the bulk much faster than the boundary speed of light. We analytically estimate how much the model deviates from quantum mechanics, and we validate these estimates using computer simulations.
description: 18+9 pages, 3+2 figures
Nilpotent Higgs bundles and families of flat connections
Creators: name: Schulz, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C07 (Primary) 14D20, 32G13, 34E20 (Secondary)

description: We investigate $\mathbb{C}^\times$-families of flat connections whose leading term is a nilpotent Higgs field. Examples of such families include real twistor lines and families arising from the conformal limit. We show that these families have the same monodromy as families whose leading term is a regular Higgs bundle and use this to deduce that traces of holonomies are asymptotically exponential in rational powers of the parameter of the family.
description: 41 pages. Comments welcome
Observational studies on the Near-Infrared Unidentified Emission Bands in Galactic HII regions
Creators: name: Mori, Tamami I.
name: Onaka, Takashi
name: Sakon, Itsuki
name: Ishihara, Daisuke
name: Shimonishi, Takashi
name: Ohsawa, Ryou
name: Bell, Aaron C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a large collection of near-infrared spectra (2.5-5.4 um) of Galactic HII regions and HII region-like objects, we perform a systematic investigation of the astronomical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) features. 36 objects were observed by the use of the infrared camera onboard the AKARI satellite as a part of a directer's time program. In addition to the well-known 3.3-3.6 um features, most spectra show a relatively-weak emission feature at 5.22 um with sufficient signal-to-noise ratios, which we identify as the PAH 5.25 um band previously reported. By careful analysis, we find good correlations between the 5.25 um band and both the aromatic hydrocarbon feature at 3.3 um and the aliphatic ones at around 3.4-3.6 um. The present results give us convincing evidence that the astronomical 5.25 um band is associated with C-H vibrations as suggested by previous studies and show its potential to probe the PAH size distribution. The analysis also shows that the aliphatic to aromatic ratio of I(3.4-3.6)/I(3.3) decreases against the ratio of the 3.7 um continuum intensity to the 3.3 um band, I(3.7 cont)/I(3.3), which is an indicator of the ionization fraction of PAHs. The mid-infrared color of I(9)/I(18) also declines steeply against the ratio of the hydrogen recombination line Bralpha at 4.05 um to the 3.3 um band, I(Bralpha)/I(3.3). These facts indicate possible dust processing inside or at the boundary of ionized gas.
description: 35 pages, 8 figures, accepted to the ApJ
Turismo e desenvolvimento sustentável de comunidades piscatórias: perceção dos residentes dos impactes do turismo
Creators: name: Fernandes, Sandra
name: Eusébio, Celeste
Publisher: name: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento
Year: 2012

description: Pretende-se com este artigo analisar a perceção dos residentes de comunidades piscatórias dos impactes do turismo e identificar os fatores que influenciam essas perceções. Para concretizar estes objetivos foi administrado um inquérito por questionário, em 2011, a 157 residentes de duas comunidades piscatórias localizadas no norte de Portugal (Castelo do Neiva e Vila Praia de Âncora) e realizadas várias análises estatísticas, nomeadamente Análise de Componentes Principais, Análise de Correlações, teste t e ANOVA. Os resultados obtidos nesta investigação demonstram que os residentes de Castelo do Neiva e de Vila Praia de Âncora consideram que o turismo tem mais impactes positivos do que negativos considerando que o turismo contribui para o desenvolvimento económico local, para o reforço da identidade cultural e que não perturba a prática da atividade piscatória. Os resultados apresentados também evidenciam que a perceção dos residentes dos impactes varia de acordo com o nível de envolvimento dos residentes na atividade turística, com o nível de ligação à comunidade com o grau de interação que estabelecem com os visitantes e de acordo com o seu perfil sociodemográfico. O artigo termina com algumas contribuições do estudo para o desenvolvimento sustentável de comunidades piscatórias.
description: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, vol. 2 n.º 17/18 (2012)
Blind Reverberation Time Estimation in Dynamic Acoustic Conditions
Creators: name: Götz, Philipp
name: Tuna, Cagdas
name: Walther, Andreas
name: Habets, Emanuël A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The estimation of reverberation time from real-world signals plays a central role in a wide range of applications. In many scenarios, acoustic conditions change over time which in turn requires the estimate to be updated continuously. Previously proposed methods involving deep neural networks were mostly designed and tested under the assumption of static acoustic conditions. In this work, we show that these approaches can perform poorly in dynamically evolving acoustic environments. Motivated by a recent trend towards data-centric approaches in machine learning, we propose a novel way of generating training data and demonstrate, using an existing deep neural network architecture, the considerable improvement in the ability to follow temporal changes in reverberation time.
description: accepted for publication in ICASSP 2022
A 500 pc filamentary gas wisp in the disk of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Li, Guang-Xing
name: Wyrowski, Friedrich
name: Menten, Karl
name: Belloche, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Star formation occurs in molecular gas. In previous studies, the structure of the molecular gas has been studied in terms of molecular clouds, but has been overlooked beyond the cloud scale. We present an observational study of the molecular gas at 49.5 degree = 500 pc) filamentary gas wisp. This has a large physical extent and a velocity dispersion of ~5 km/s. The eastern part of the filamentary gas wisp is located ~130 pc above the Galactic disk (which corresponds to 1.5-4 e-folding scale-heights), and the total mass of the gas wisp is >= 1 X 10^5 M_sun. It is composed of two molecular clouds and an expanding bubble. The velocity structure of the gas wisp can be explained as a smooth quiescent component disturbed by the expansion of a bubble. That the length of the gas wisp exceeds by much the thickness of the molecular disk of the Milky Way is consistent with the cloud-formation scenario in which the gas is cold prior to the formation of molecular clouds. Star formation in the filamentary gas wisp occurs at the edge of a bubble (G52L nebula), which is consistent with some models of triggered star formation.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
O papel do Plano Diretor na constituição das políticas públicas para o turismo: Um estudo da cidade de Gramado, Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil)
Creators: name: Dalonso, Yoná Da Silva
name: Lourenço, Júlia Maria
name: Remoaldo, Paula Cristina
name: Cyrillo, Marina Wölhke
Publisher: name: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento
Year: 2012

description: Este estudo propõe identificar o papel desempenhado pelo Plano Diretor de Desenvolvimento Integrado (PDDI) da cidade brasileira de Gramado (Rio Grande do Sul), na construção das políticas públicas para o turismo deste destino. Para a análise, utiliza-se o modelo conceitual proposto por Goeldner e Ritchie (2009) e o de Elliot (1997), que possibilita identificar a filosofia e o modelo de gestão turística adotada pelo município. O artigo faz, ainda, uma discussão teórica-conceitual referente às políticas públicas, gestão e planejamento turístico, bem como uma apresentação dos principais aspectos da organização do turismo de Gramado e do seu Plano Diretor. Como resultado, observa-se que o modelo proposto por Goeldner e Richtie (2009) possibilita a identificação, no Plano Diretor da cidade, da macropolítica turística adotada pelo destino. No entanto, a singularidade do estudo de caso (ou do destino turístico analisado) pode restringir a sua transferabilidade à maioria dos destinos brasileiros selecionados como polos indutores do desenvolvimento turístico regional.
description: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, vol. 2 n.º 17/18 (2012)
Wahre Abbildung der zwei Hüte worunter Deutschland kommen soll; [1848?]
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Ausschließend. Vervielfältigung vorbehalten, J. Höfelich, Stadt Bazar No. 427.
Modulated Collective Behaviors and Condensation of Bacteria
Creators: name: Bao, Mei Mei
name: Igwe, Isaiah Eze
name: Chen, Kang
name: Zhang, Tian Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bacteria can spontaneously develop collective motions by aligning their motions in dense systems. Here, we show that bacteria can also respond collectively to an alternating electrical field and form dynamic clusters oscillating at the same frequency of the field. As the dynamic clusters go beyond a critical size, they split into smaller ones spontaneously. The critical size for splitting depends on the frequency of electric field and the concentration of bacteria. We show that instead of their biological activity, the physical properties of bacteria as charged particles are responsible for the formation of dynamic clusters. Electroconvective flows across the system play the key role in stabilizing the clusters. However, to form clusters, collective hydrodynamic cooperation between bacteria is important such that no aggregation occurs in dilute suspensions. The findings in this study illustrate that bio-systems can respond collectively to an external field, promising an effective way to control and modulate the behavior of organisms. Moreover, the controlled aggregation and condensation of bacteria offer a robust approach to improve the local concentration of bacteria for early and rapid detection, which has wide applications in clinics.
Processos Participativos e o Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Turismo: Relexões sobre o Funcionamento do Grupo Gestor do Destino Indutor Brasília
Creators: name: Pena, Luiz Carlos Spiller
name: Brasileiro, Iara Lucia Gomes
name: Santos, Ana Rosa Domingues Dos
Publisher: name: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento
Year: 2012

description: A partir da afirmação de que um programa de turismo sustentável deve estabelecer sistemas e procedimentos que incorporem as diretrizes do desenvolvimento sustentável nos processos de tomada de decisão apontada como necessidade fundamental na Agenda 21 para a Indústria de Viagens & Turismo (1996), o presente trabalho analisa documentos de registro das reuniões do Grupo Gestor do Destino Indutor de Turismo Brasília. O objetivo do trabalho foi refletir, por meio da utilização da análise de conteúdo de atas das reuniões e da observação participante, se a associação de 16 instituições do setor de turismo de Brasília, capital do Brasil (entre associações, sindicatos, instituições de ensino e o órgão de turismo local) conseguiu atingir essas diretrizes, contribuindo para o planejamento de um turismo sustentável, entre os anos de 2009 e 2011. O resultado das análises levou à conclusão de que, apesar dos esforços e intenções declaradas, esses objetivos ainda não foram alcançados.
description: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, vol. 2 n.º 17/18 (2012)
A topological realization of spin polarization through vortex formation in collisions of Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Deng, Jian
name: Wang, Qun
name: Zhang, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The global spin polarization of hadrons in heavy ion collisions has been measured in STAR (the Solenoidal Tracker At Relativistic heavy ion collider) experiments, which opens up a new window in the study of the hottest, least viscous and most vortical fluid that has ever been produced in the laboratory. We present a different approach to spin polarization from conventional ones: a topological realization of spin polarization through quantum vortex formation in collisions of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC). This approach is based on the observation that the vortex is a topological excitation in a superfluid in presence of local orbital angular momentum and is an analogue of spin degrees of freedom. The formation processes of vortices and vortex-antivortex pairs are investigated by solving the Gross-Pitaevskii Equation with a large-scale parallel algorithm on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) to very high precision. In a rotating environment, the primary vortex with winding number one is stable against perturbation, which has a minimal energy and fixed orbital angular momentum (OAM), but the vortices with larger winding numbers are unstable and will decay into primary vortices through a redistribution of the energy and vorticity. The injection of OAM can also be realized in non-central collisions of self-interacting condensates, part of the OAM of the initial state will induce the formation of vortices through concentration of energy and vorticity density around topological defects. Different from a hydrodynamical description, the interference of the wave function plays an important role in the transport of energy and vorticity, reflecting the quantum nature of the vortex formation process. The study of the vortex formation may shed light on the nature of particle spin and spin-orbit couplings in strong interaction matter produced in heavy-ion collisions.
description: Published in: Phys.Fluids 34 (2022) 8, 087118
Communicating and learning about the past through experimental teaching: the education of Pleistocene culture to school-age children and young people
Creators: name: Di Berti, Marta
name: Leopardi, Laura
Publisher: name: Journal of Mediterranean Earth Sciences
Year: 2023

description: Teaching in education has historically been based on a single type of transmission/learning method, mainly a frontal model, that encourages listening and discussion, but excludes participation through a purely theoretical approach. In recent decades, new teaching methods have been developed, especially for traditionally undervalued subjects in the school system. The teaching of prehistory provides one such example. Research suggests that having one or more cultural heritage professionals in the classroom who aid the teacher-coordinator fills in gaps in traditional teaching. Through a laboratory approach based on grade-level students, these professionals seek to develop an innovative teaching method to engage students in managing their learning through an educational/functional process. In this paper, we present such techniques, planning, and methods tested by professional associations, together with students and teaching staff of schools in the suburbs of Rome. The study’s goal is to develop an adaptable and replicable model, that guarantees a measurable positive impact better than that of the past to provide information about the Pleistocene using the tools of experimental archeology.
description: Journal of Mediterranean Earth Sciences, Vol. 15 (2023): In progress
Diagnóstico sobre a inserção dos monitores locais no desenvolvimento turístico da Ilha dos Marinheiros de Rio Grande/RS, Brasil
Creators: name: Azambuja, Vanessa Acosta De
Publisher: name: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento
Year: 2012

description: Este artigo aborda o trabalho de conclusão do Curso de Graduação em Turismo da UFPEL, trabalho este denominado “Análise da inserção dos monitores locais no desenvolvimento turístico da Ilha dos Marinheiros de Rio Grande/RS, Brasil”, realizado em 2009, que procurou diagnosticar se os monitores desta ilha estão inseridos no processo de desenvolvimento turístico. As secções do artigo são as seguintes: fundamentação teórica sobre o planejamento turístico, a necessidade de planejamento, e a importância da comunidade local; contextualização da Ilha dos Marinheiros; apresentação da metodologia e dos resultados. Os meios utilizados para a recolha de dados foram entrevistas aos condutores locais, aos agentes de turismo receptivo, ao representante da Associação dos Guias de Turismo do Rio Grande e ao Secretário de Turismo. Através das entrevistas, conclui-se que os monitores não estão envolvidos no processo turístico, tendo como principais motivos: o difícil acesso a estes condutores, e a limitada disponibilidade destes para atuar na área do turismo devido à necessidade de terem de trabalhar noutras atividades econômicas. Assim, foram propostas algumas intervenções: reunião entre as agências e os monitores, projeto de sensibilização turística com os ilhéus e projetos que visem conciliar o turismo com outras atividades econômicas.
description: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, vol. 2 n.º 17/18 (2012)
Classical models may be a better explanation of the Jiuzhang 1.0 Gaussian Boson Sampler than its targeted squeezed light model
Creators: name: Martínez-Cifuentes, Javier
name: Fonseca-Romero, K. M.
name: Quesada, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Zhong et al. performed landmark Gaussian boson sampling experiments with up to 144 modes using threshold detectors. The authors claim to have achieved quantum computational advantage with the implementation of these experiments, named Jiuzhang 1.0 and Jiuzhang 2.0. Their experimental results are validated against several classical hypotheses and adversaries using tests such as the comparison of statistical correlations between modes, Bayesian hypothesis testing and the Heavy Output Generation (HOG) test. We propose an alternative classical hypothesis for the validation of these experiments using the probability distribution of mixtures of coherent states sent into a lossy interferometer; these input mixed states, which we term squashed states, have vacuum fluctuations in one quadrature and excess fluctuations in the other. We find that for configurations in the high photon number density regime, the comparison of statistical correlations does not tell apart the ground truth of the experiment (two-mode squeezed states sent into an interferometer) from our alternative hypothesis. The Bayesian test indicates that, for all configurations excepting Jiuzhang 1.0, the ground truth is a more likely explanation of the experimental data than our alternative hypothesis. A similar result is obtained for the HOG test: for all configurations of Jiuzhang 2.0, the test indicates that the experimental samples have higher ground truth probability than the samples obtained form our alternative distribution; for Jiuzhang 1.0 the test is inconclusive. Our results provide a new hypothesis that should be considered in the validation of future GBS experiments, and shed light into the need to identify proper metrics to verify quantum advantage in the context of GBS. They also indicate that a classical explanation of the Jiuzhang 1.0 experiment, lacking any quantum features, has not been ruled out.
description: The code used to calculate threshold probabilities can be found in the repository https://github.com/ polyquantique/torontonian-julia . All the data used in the computation of the validation tests is available upon reasonable request, or at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7141021
The challenge of xenophobia for international tourism: A case study of Salzburg
Creators: name: Aschauer, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Journal of Tourism & Development
Year: 2012

description: Several countries in the European Union are struggling with the consequences of the global financial and economical crises at different levels. One social outcome of the crises seems to be re-nationalization, the renaissance of values, preserving order and denying egalitarianism and tolerance. These developments in Europe can also affect international tourism. Ethnic minorities in the tourism business, as well as tourists from specific countries, may find themselves in a difficult situation because of certain tendencies of (cultural) racism. This article presents a case study of ethnic prejudice in Salzburg and highlights that negative attitudes towards immigrants are prevalent in the Austrian society. Between April and June (2009) inhabitants of the autochthonous population in Salzburg (without migration background) were interviewed (n = 253). The standardized questionnaire measures how the host society assesses the living conditions of foreigners in Salzburg, gives insights about intercultural relations to certain immigrant groups and explores which individual, structural or societal-based factors influence ethnic prejudice. The study shows that the host society interprets the demographic and socioeconomic situation of immigrants quite realistically but they demonstrate a high level of xenophobia towards specific groups. Therefore it has to be concluded that even a city which is familiar with a lot of different cultures due to a high worldwide tourism demand is not free of ethnic prejudices especially towards groups with a higher social distance to the local population (e.g. Muslims). This may also have certain implications for future tourism. Ethnic prejudice may lead to intercultural misunderstandings, problematic host-guest relations and may affect immigrants working in the tourism sector.
description: Journal of Tourism & Development, vol. 2 n.º 17/18 (2012)
Lack of evidence for an odderon at small t
Creators: name: Donnachie, A
name: Landshoff, P V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is fundamental that the phase of an elastic scattering amplitude is related to its energy variation. We repeat a previous fit to proton-proton and proton-antiproton elastic scattering data from 13 to 13000 GeV, taking better account of the very high accuracy of the 13 TeV data. The conclusion remains that there is no evidence for the existence of an odderon in the small-t data
description: 4 pages, equation (1) corrected
Nuclear fission in covariant density functional theory
Creators: name: Afanasjev, A. V.
name: Abusara, H.
name: Ring, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current status of the application of covariant density functional theory to microscopic description of nuclear fission with main emphasis on superheavy nuclei (SHN) is reviewed. The softness of SHN in the triaxial plane leads to an emergence of several competing fission pathes in the region of the inner fission barrier in some of these nuclei. The outer fission barriers of SHN are considerably affected both by triaxiality and octupole deformation.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, will be published in European Physical Journal, Web of Conferences, (Proceedings of Fifth International Workshop on Nuclear fission and Fission-Product Spectroscopy)
Providing Insights for Open-Response Surveys via End-to-End Context-Aware Clustering
Creators: name: Esmaeilzadeh, Soheil
name: Williams, Brian
name: Shamsi, Davood
name: Vikingstad, Onar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Teachers often conduct surveys in order to collect data from a predefined group of students to gain insights into topics of interest. When analyzing surveys with open-ended textual responses, it is extremely time-consuming, labor-intensive, and difficult to manually process all the responses into an insightful and comprehensive report. In the analysis step, traditionally, the teacher has to read each of the responses and decide on how to group them in order to extract insightful information. Even though it is possible to group the responses only using certain keywords, such an approach would be limited since it not only fails to account for embedded contexts but also cannot detect polysemous words or phrases and semantics that are not expressible in single words. In this work, we present a novel end-to-end context-aware framework that extracts, aggregates, and abbreviates embedded semantic patterns in open-response survey data. Our framework relies on a pre-trained natural language model in order to encode the textual data into semantic vectors. The encoded vectors then get clustered either into an optimally tuned number of groups or into a set of groups with pre-specified titles. In the former case, the clusters are then further analyzed to extract a representative set of keywords or summary sentences that serve as the labels of the clusters. In our framework, for the designated clusters, we finally provide context-aware wordclouds that demonstrate the semantically prominent keywords within each group. Honoring user privacy, we have successfully built the on-device implementation of our framework suitable for real-time analysis on mobile devices and have tested it on a synthetic dataset. Our framework reduces the costs at-scale by automating the process of extracting the most insightful information pieces from survey data.
Some Observable Physical Properties of the Higher Dimensional dS/AdS Black Holes in Einstein-Bumblebee Gravity Theory
Creators: name: Uniyal, Akhil
name: Kanzi, Sara
name: Sakallı, İzzet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the greybody factors, quasinormal modes, and shadow of the higher dimensional de-Sitter (dS)/ anti de-Sitter (AdS) black hole spacetimes derived from the Einstein-bumblebee gravity theory within the Lorentz symmetry breaking (LSB) framework. We specifically apply the semi-analytical WKB method and the time domain approach to study the scalar and Dirac perturbations of the black hole. In-depth researches are done on the effects of the LSB and dimensionality on the bosonic/fermionic greybody factors, quasinormal modes, and shadow of the higher dimensional bumblebee black hole. The results obtained are discussed, tabulated, and illustrated graphically.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures