cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum Annealing and Graph Neural Networks for Solving TSP with QUBO
Creators: name: He, Haoqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper explores the application of Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) models in solving the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) through Quantum Annealing algorithms and Graph Neural Networks. Quantum Annealing (QA), a quantum-inspired optimization method that exploits quantum tunneling to escape local minima, is used to solve QUBO formulations of TSP instances on Coherent Ising Machines (CIMs). The paper also presents a novel approach where QUBO is employed as a loss function within a GNN architecture tailored for solving TSP efficiently. By leveraging GNN's capability to learn graph representations, this method finds approximate solutions to TSP with improved computational time compared to traditional exact solvers. The paper details how to construct a QUBO model for TSP by encoding city visits into binary variables and formulating constraints that guarantee valid tours. It further discusses the implementation of QUBO-based Quantum Annealing algorithm for TSP (QQA-TSP) and its feasibility demonstration using quantum simulation platforms. In addition, it introduces a Graph Neural Network solution for TSP (QGNN-TSP), which learns the underlying structure of the problem and produces competitive solutions via gradient descent over a QUBO-based loss function. The experimental results compare the performance of QQA-TSP against state-of-the-art classical solvers such as dynamic programming, Concorde, and Gurobi, while also presenting empirical outcomes from training and evaluating QGNN-TSP on various TSP datasets. The study highlights the promise of combining deep learning techniques with quantum-inspired optimization methods for solving NP-hard problems like TSP, suggesting future directions for enhancing GNN architectures and applying QUBO frameworks to more complex combinatorial optimization tasks.
Ein Blick hinter die Kulissen
Creators: name: Kempter, Michaela
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2013

description: In den Games-Workshops der wienXtra-spielebox lernen Kinder zwischen 7 und 12 Jahren empfehlenswerte Computer- und Konsolenspiele kennen und reflektieren nebenbei ihren Spielkonsum. Dieser Beitrag lässt die Leserinnen und Leser einen Blick hinter die Kulissen der Arbeit von wienXtra werfen.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 50 Nr. 4 (2012): 4/2012 - Soziale und Mediale Räume
Die PROJEKTE der M2.
Creators: name: Schreger, Christian
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2016

description: In der M2 an der VS Ortnergasse sind in den letzten 15 Jahren eine ganze Reihe erfolgreicher Projekte durchgeführt worden, die viele Ausszeichnungen bis hin zum Multimedia Staatspreis-Förderpreis 2007 erhalten haben.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 50 Nr. 4 (2012): 4/2012 - Soziale und Mediale Räume
StochCA: A Novel Approach for Exploiting Pretrained Models with Cross-Attention
Creators: name: Seo, Seungwon
name: Lee, Suho
name: Hwang, Sangheum
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Utilizing large-scale pretrained models is a well-known strategy to enhance performance on various target tasks. It is typically achieved through fine-tuning pretrained models on target tasks. However, na\"ıve fine-tuning may not fully leverage knowledge embedded in pretrained models. In this study, we introduce a novel fine-tuning method, called stochastic cross-attention (StochCA), specific to Transformer architectures. This method modifies the Transformer's self-attention mechanism to selectively utilize knowledge from pretrained models during fine-tuning. Specifically, in each block, instead of self-attention, cross-attention is performed stochastically according to the predefined probability, where keys and values are extracted from the corresponding block of a pretrained model. By doing so, queries and channel-mixing multi-layer perceptron layers of a target model are fine-tuned to target tasks to learn how to effectively exploit rich representations of pretrained models. To verify the effectiveness of StochCA, extensive experiments are conducted on benchmarks in the areas of transfer learning and domain generalization, where the exploitation of pretrained models is critical. Our experimental results show the superiority of StochCA over state-of-the-art approaches in both areas. Furthermore, we demonstrate that StochCA is complementary to existing approaches, i.e., it can be combined with them to further improve performance. Our code is available at https://github.com/daintlab/stochastic_cross_attention
description: The updated version was published in Neural Networks (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0893608024005872). The first two authors contributed equally
The emergence of fermions and the E11 content
Creators: name: Englert, Francois
name: Houart, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Claudio's warm and endearing personality adds to our admiration for his achievements in physics a sense of friendliness. His constant interest in fundamental questions motivated the following presentation of our attempt to understand the nature of fermions. This problem is an essential element of the quantum world and might be related to the quest for quantum gravity. We shall review how space-time fermions can emerge out of bosons in string theory and how this fact affects the extended Kac-Moody approach to the M-theory project.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures. Presented at the conference held on the occasion of Claudio Bunster's 60th birthday
On the intrinsic AGN emission in far-infrared/sub-mm
Creators: name: Symeonidis, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Far-infrared (far-IR)/sub-mm emission linked to AGN-heated dust has been a topic of contention for many years. Results have been diverse and various views have been presented. The empirical AGN SED derived by Symeonidis et al. (2016, hereafter S16) has more far-IR/sub-mm emission than other SEDs in the literature, and thus it is contested by other works which argue that its luminosity in that part of the spectrum is overestimated. Here, I investigate this topic and the concerns raised over the S16 AGN SED. I also examine the differences between the S16 AGN SED and other commonly-used empirical AGN SEDs. My findings show that the reasons proposed by other works as to why the S16 AGN SED is not a reasonable representation of AGN emission in the far-IR/sub-mm, do not hold.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
An American in Venice : Ben Shahn and United States foreign policy at the XXVIIth Venice Biennale, or, Portrait of the artist as an American liberal
Creators: name: Pohl, Frances K.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In 1954 the Museum of Modern Art, as the new proprietor of the American pavilion in Venice, selected only two artists to represent American painting at the twenty-seventh Venice Biennale—-Willem de Kooning and Ben Shahn. At first glance, this appears to be a somewhat incongruous coupling. A closer examination, though, reveals that each of these artists represented part of a larger American cultural propaganda campaign aimed at improving the image of America throughout the world. The development of this campaign paralleled, and was intimately bound up with, that of the Cold War. As the major international showcase for contemporary art, the Venice Biennale assumed an important position in America's overall cultural foreign policy. The works exhibited there represented not only individual talent but also national ideologies and cultural achievements. In retrospect, the inclusion of de Kooning in the 1954 Biennale can be explained by his reputation in America at that time as one of the avant-garde of the American art scene. Various scholars have also shown how his abstract style embodied an image of America as a land of freedom, aggressive individualism, and innovation, an image that was valuable as a foil to the purportedly oppressive nature of life in Russia. While Ben Shahn was, admittedly, a recognized modern American artist in 1954* he was neither a member of the artistic avant-garde nor a representative of aggressive individualism. But he was a representative of certain other aspects of American liberal democracy—humanism, free speech, anti-communism, and anti-fascism—-that were able to improve America's image in Europe in 1954 much more effectively than de Kooning's aggression. Shahn's success in Italy in particular was the result of certain elements within the paintings included in the Biennale and within his own personal beliefs. While much has been written concerning the role of abstract expressionism in America and abroad during the Cold War, no similar study has been devoted to the work of Ben Shahn. In attempting to reveal the implications of and reasons for Shahn*s appearance at the 1954 Venice Biennale, this paper will investigate Shahn's reputation and his work in relation to American foreign policy concerns in Europe, and particularly in Italy, in the early 1950s. The role of private institutions, such as the Museum of Modern Art, and of the Venice Biennale in American foreign policy will be investigated, as well as the failure of de Kooning's art to meet with the same success: as that of Shahn's art. Finally, an examination of the promotional literature for and press reaction to the exhibition of Shahn's work, and of two of the paintings included in this exhibition--Liberation and The Red Stairway—will show how Shahn was able to convince the Italian public that not only was he a great artist, but a great American as well.
Schulinitiative zum Kino-Dokumentarfilm Oh Yeah, She Performs!
Creators: name: Friedel, Nora
name: Firlinger, Beate
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2013

description: Mit dem Kino-Dokumentarfilm "Oh Yeah, She Performs!" von Mirjam Unger, der seit Anfang November 2012 in den österreichischen Kinos läuft, startet Mobilefilm Produktion 2012 / 2013 ein medienspezifisches Angebot für Schulen.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 50 Nr. 4 (2012): 4/2012 - Soziale und Mediale Räume
Studies of Cepheus X-4 during 2018 outburst observed with AstroSat
Creators: name: Mukerjee, Kallol
name: Antia, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present timing and spectral results of 2018 outburst of Cepheus X-4, observed twice by AstroSat at luminosity of $2.04 \times 10^{37}$ erg s$^{-1}$ and $1.02 \times 10^{37}$ erg s$^{-1}$ respectively. The light curves showed strong pulsation and co-related X-ray intensity variation in SXT (0.5--8.0 keV) and LAXPC (3--60 keV) energy bands. Spin-period and spin-down rate of the pulsar were determined from two observations as $65.35080\pm0.00014$ s , $(-2.10\pm0.8)\times10^{-12}$ Hz s$^{-1}$ at an epoch MJD 58301.61850 and $65.35290\pm0.00017$ s, $(-1.6\pm0.8)\times10^{-12}$ Hz s$^{-1}$ for an epoch MJD 58307.40211. Pulse-shape studies with AstroSat showed energy and intensity dependent variations. The pulsar showed an overall continuous spin-down, over 30 years at an average-rate of $(-2.455\pm0.004)\times10^{-14}$ Hz s$^{-1}$, attributed to propeller-effect in the subsonic-regime of the pulsar, in addition to variations during its outburst activities. Spectra between 0.7--55 keV energy band were well fitted by two continuum models, an absorbed compTT-model and an absorbed power-law with a Fermi-Dirac cutoff (FD-cutoff) model with a black-body. These were combined with an iron-emission line and a cyclotron absorption line. The prominent cyclotron resonance scattering features with a peak absorption energy of $30.48^{+0.33}_{-0.34}$ keV and $30.68^{+0.45}_{-0.44}$ keV for FD-cutoff-model and $30.46^{+0.32}_{-0.28}$ keV and $30.30^{+0.36}_{-0.34}$ keV for compTT-model were detected during two AstroSat observations. These when compared with earlier results, showed long term stability of its average value of $30.23 \pm 0.22$ keV. The pulsar showed pulse-phase as well as luminosity dependent variations in cyclotron-line energy and width and in plasma optical-depth of its spectral continuum.
description: 25 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables, Accepted for Publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Residue network in protein native structure belongs to the universality class of three dimensional critical percolation cluster
Creators: name: Morita, Hidetoshi
name: Takano, Mitsunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A single protein molecule is regarded as a contact network of amino-acid residues. Some studies have indicated that this network is a small world network (SWN), while other results have implied that this is a fractal network (FN). However, SWN and FN are essentially different in the dependence of the shortest path length on the number of nodes. In this paper, we investigate this dependence in the residue contact networks of proteins in native structures, and show that the networks are not SWN but FN. FN is generally characterized by several dimensions. Among them, we focus on three dimensions; the network topological dimension $D_c$, the fractal dimension $D_f$, and the spectral dimension $D_s$. We find that proteins universally yield $D_c \approx 1.9$, $D_f \approx 2.5$ and $Ds \approx 1.3$. These values are in surprisingly good coincidence with those in three dimensional critical percolation cluster. Hence the residue contact networks in the protein native structures belong to the universality class of three dimensional percolation cluster. The criticality is relevant to the ambivalent nature of the protein native structures, i.e., the coexistence of stability and instability, both of which are necessary for a protein to function as a molecular machine or an allosteric enzyme.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
A pedagogical review on muon $g-2$
Creators: name: Li, Song
name: Xiao, Yang
name: Yang, Jin Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This note is a pedagogical mini review on the muon anomalous magnetic moment ($g-2$), translated and adapted from our article published in Modern Physics 4 (2021) 40-47. The contents include: (i) The magnetic moment of an electric-current coil; (ii) The magnetic moment of a charged lepton estimated as a classical charged ball with spin; (iii) The magnetic moment of a charged lepton from Dirac equation with electromagnetic interaction; (iv) The $g-2$ of a charged lepton from QED beyond tree level with effective couplings; (v) The measurement of muon $g-2$; (vi) The muon $g-2$ in low energy supersymmetric models. Finally, we give an outlook.
description: an invited review in Modern Physics(19 pages, 8 figures)
Theoretical description of time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy: application to pump-probe experiments
Creators: name: Freericks, J. K.
name: Krishnamurthy, H. R.
name: Pruschke, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory for time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy as applied to pump-probe experiments is developed and solved for the generic case of a strongly correlated material. The formal development incorporates all of the nonequilibrium effects of the pump pulse and the finite time width of the probe pulse. While our formal development is completely general, in our numerical illustration for the Hubbard model, we assume the pump pulse drives the electrons into a nonequilibrium configuration, which rapidly thermalizes to create a hot (quasi-equilibrium) electronic system, and we then study the effects of windowing that arise from the finite width of the probe pulse. We find sharp features in the spectra are broadened, particularly the quasiparticle peak of strongly correlated metals at low temperature.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, typeset with ReVTeX
Structural and magnetic phase transitions in the ternary iron arsenides SrFe2As2 and EuFe2As2
Creators: name: Tegel, Marcus
name: Rotter, Marianne
name: Weiss, Veronika
name: Schappacher, Falko M.
name: Poettgen, Rainer
name: Johrendt, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural and magnetic phase transitions of the ternary iron arsenides SrFe2As2 and EuFe2As2 were studied by temperature-dependent x-ray powder diffraction and 57-Fe Moessbauer spectroscopy. Both compounds crystallize in the tetragonal ThCr2Si2-type structure at room temperature and exhibit displacive structural transitions at 203 K (SrFe2As2) or 190 K (EuFe2As2) to orthorhombic lattice symmetry in agreement with the group-subgroup relationship between I4/mmm and Fmmm. 57-Fe Moessbauer spectroscopy experiments with SrFe2 As2 show full hyperfine field splitting below the phase transition temperature (8.91(1) T at 4.2 K). Order parameters were extracted from detailed measurements of the lattice parameters and fitted to a simple power law. We find a relation between the critical exponents and the transition temperatures for AFe2As2 compounds, which shows that the transition of BaFe2As2 is indeed more continuous than the transition of SrFe2As2 but it remains second order even in the latter case.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, text revised, one figure amended
Medienkompetenz – Medienbildung – Medialer Habitus
Creators: name: Biermann, Ralf
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2013

description: Ausgehend von einer näheren Begriffsbestimmung der medienpädagogischen Grundbegriffe Medienkompetenz und Medienbildung erinnert Ralf Biermann an Dieter Baackes Ausspruch, das Lebenswelten Medienwelten und Medienwelten Lebenswelten sind. In diesen Lebenswelten spielt der Mediale Habitus eine wichtige Rolle im Umfeld der Debatten zur Mediensozialisation, da Bildungsprozesse prinzipiell vor dem Hintergrund soziokultureller Unterschiede zu betrachten sind. Dafür bietet sich das Habitus-Konzept Pierre Bourdieus geradezu an, da es den Hauptakzent auf (klassenspezifische) Handlungsbegrenzungen legt. In diesem Sinne begreift dieser Artikel den (medialen) Habitus hinsichtlich verschiedener (Medien-)Bildungsprozesse eher als Hindernis für Wandel und Transformation und fragt auf dreifacher Ebene nach möglichen Erweiterungen des Konzepts. So werden die Mehrdimensionalität, die Iterabilität und die Inkongruenz des Habitus diskutiert, um die medienpädagogischen Debatten zum Medialen Habitus auch theoretisch zu unterlegen.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 51 Nr. 4 (2013): 4/2013 - Medialer Habitus
Stable and "bounded excursion" gravastars, and black holes in Einstein's theory of gravity
Creators: name: Rocha, P.
name: Chan, R.
name: da Silva, M. F. A.
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical models of prototype gravastars are constructed and studied. The models are the Visser-Wiltshire three-layer gravastars, in which an infinitely thin spherical shell of a perfect fluid with the equation of state $p = (1-γ)σ$ divides the whole spacetime into two regions, where the internal region is de Sitter, and the external is Schwarzschild. When $γ< 1$ and $Λ\not= 0$, it is found that in some cases the models represent stable gravastars, and in some cases they represent "bounded excursion" stable gravastars, where the thin shell is oscillating between two finite radii, while in some other cases they collapse until the formation of black holes. However, when $γ\ge 1$, even with $Λ\not= 0$, only black holes are found. In the phase space, the region for both stable gravastars and "bounded excursion" gravastars is very small in comparison to that of black holes, although it is not completely empty.
description: revtex4, 24 figures, new references added. To appear in JCAP
Recent progress in the physical principles of dynamic ground self-righting
Creators: name: Li, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Animals and robots must self-right on the ground after overturning. Biology research described various strategies and motor patterns in many species. Robotics research devised many strategies. However, we do not well understand how the physical principles of how the need to generate mechanical energy to overcome the potential energy barrier governs behavioral strategies and 3-D body rotations given the morphology. Here I review progress on this which I led studying cockroaches self-righting on level, flat, solid, low-friction ground, by integrating biology experiments, robotic modeling, and physics modeling.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures
Vernetzte Medienarbeit mit Jugendlichen. Das Mashup-Videoprojekt
Creators: name: Studencki, Felix
name: Heller, Hannes
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2013

description: Mit der Entwicklung des Web 2.0 verändert sich die alltägliche Nutzung und Rezeption audiovisueller Medien. Noch nie war es so einfach Video-, Foto- und Audioaufnahmen selbst herzustellen und diese über das Internet zu teilen bzw. zu veröffentlichen. Das Smartphone vereint eine Vielzahl von Funktionen, die kreativ genutzt werden können. Gleichzeitig bietet "Cloud Computing" neue Möglichkeiten kollaborativ über das Internet zusammenzuarbeiten. Das Mashup-Videoprojekt versucht das Potenzial dieser Entwicklung auszuloten und neue medienpädagogische Wege zu gehen.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 51 Nr. 4 (2013): 4/2013 - Medialer Habitus
Ion and Electron Momentum Distributions from Single and Double Ionization of Helium Induced by Compton Scattering
Creators: name: Kircher, M.
name: Trinter, F.
name: Grundmann, S.
name: Kastirke, G.
name: Weller, M.
name: Vela-Perez, I.
name: Khan, A.
name: Janke, C.
name: Waitz, M.
name: Zeller, S.
name: Mletzko, T.
name: Kirchner, D.
name: Honkimäki, V.
name: Houamer, S.
name: Chuluunbaatar, O.
name: Popov, Yu. V.
name: Volobuev, I. P.
name: Schöffler, M. S.
name: Schmidt, L. Ph. H.
name: Jahnke, T.
name: Dörner, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the momentum distributions of the nucleus and of the electrons from double ionization of the helium atom by Compton scattering of photons with $hν=40$ keV. We find that the doubly charged ion momentum distribution is very close to the Compton profile of the nucleus in the ground state of the helium atom, and the momentum distribution of the singly charged ion to give a precise image of the electron Compton profile. To reproduce these results, non-relativistic calculations require the use of highly correlated initial- and final-state wavefunctions.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
title: Bericht zu den geophysikalischen Prospektionen und Surveys in Albersdorf 2016 – 2017
title: Mnr. 51130.16.01
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schörner, Günther
name: Hagmann, Dominik
name: Langendorf, Alarich
name: Weitlaner, Romina
Publisher: name: Berger
Year: 2019
Subjects: Roman Rural Landscapes
Römische Archäologie
ländliche Besiedlung
Oberösterreich
Provinzialrömische Archäologie
Albersdorf
Survey
villa rustica
geophysikalische Prospektion
Magnetik
Radar
Modeling Roman Rural Landscapes
ÖFOS 2012, Classical archaeology
ÖFOS 2012, Klassische Archäologie
ÖFOS 2012, Virtual archeology
ÖFOS 2012, Virtuelle Archäologie
ÖFOS 2012, Digital humanities
ÖFOS 2012, Digital Humanities
ÖFOS 2012, Archaeological prospection
ÖFOS 2012, Archäologische Prospektion

description: Der Bericht gibt einen ersten, detaillierten Einblick in die non-invasiven Forschungen am Fundplatz Albersdorf, die 2016 und 2017 durch das Institut für Klassische Archäologie der Universität Wien im Rahmen des Projektes "Modeling Roman Rural Landscapes" auf dieser site durchgeführt wurden.
title: Integrated management of honey fungus, armillaria mellea: biological control, culture, and early detection.
Creators: name: Hailey, Luke Eric
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2021

description: Worldwide, trees face increased levels of stress both abiotic and biotic, e.g., climate change, insect and disease invasions associated with trade. Impacts are especially prominent on high value cultivated trees, typically already stressed through human oversight. Such stress increases susceptibility to attack by Armillaria fungi; root and stem phytopathogens with a wide host range. Saprobic ability allows their survival following host/tissue mortality; persistence on buried woody inoculum extends into decades. Local inoculum volume is the other key factor in infection risk. A. mellea is a highly aggressive species and is a key focus for control efforts: this study aims to further knowledge that can be used within, or in the development of, its integrated management. Current Armillaria management relies on laborious physical removal. Chemical controls are ineffective or banned due to environmental concerns. Biological controls, e.g., single Trichoderma strains, have shown much potential experimentally but failed to provide a control for widespread use. Endophytes are a potential source of targeted biological control agents, but their development is challenging. The use of well-characterised bacteria and compounds that stimulate host immunity are under-investigated. In vitro, combination of a sub-lethal potassium phosphite dose, 750-1000mg/L agar, and antagonism by Bacillus subtilis QST713 reduced A. mellea growth by around 80%, meriting further in planta testing. Early Armillaria symptoms are ambiguous/cryptic, hindering timely detection and compounding existing management issues. While studies utilize leaf physiology measurements to monitor infection, there has been little investigation of their application for early detection. Stomatal conductance and chlorophyll responded 35-40 days after Armillaria mellea inoculations in Ligustrum vulgare, a sensitive woody host. This occurred prior to conclusive visual symptoms and faster than the duration of typical host infection assays on Fragaria × ananassa; a herbaceous host which demonstrates comparatively rapid onset of symptoms and mortality. Chlorophyll fluorescence measures also reacted. These infection signatures can be masked by drought and other physiological stresses. Combination of measurements can improve classification of infected and uninfected plants. Armillaria research methodologies, i.e. for fungal culture or host inoculation, face little comparison and vary greatly between studies. As inoculum substrates, the large seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum increased the extent and speed of disease symptoms and mortality compared to conventional Corylus avellana billets, on Fragaria and Ligustrum hosts. Quercus robur seeds had the lowest performance. The differences reflect resources provided to the fungus. On agar, subculture by homogenized mycelium halved variability in comparison to colony fragments. These findings can increase research efficiency.
Fast Expansion oder doch 4-Gate-Push?
Creators: name: Steininger, Andreas
name: Swertz, Christian
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2013

description: Derzeit ist unklar, inwiefern in Computerspielen erworbene Kompetenzen in andere Kontexte transferiert werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird der subjektiv wahrgenommene Wissenstransfer von 444 SpielerInnen und eines Online-Echtzeitstrategiespieles untersucht. Etwas weniger als die Hälfte der Befragten sehen einen Wissenstransfer im Bereich der sozialen Kompetenz, der Medienkompetenz, der persönlichkeitsorientierten Kompetenz und der kognitiven Kompetenz. Mehr als 50% der Befragten nehmen subjektiv einen Wissenstransfer im Bereich der sensomotorischen Kompetenzen und der Fremdsprachkenntnisse wahr.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 51 Nr. 1 (2013): 1/2013 - Normen und Normierungen
Selection of appropriate multispectral camera exposure settings and radiometric calibration methods for applications in phenotyping and precision agriculture
Creators: name: Swaminathan, Vaishali
name: Thomasson, J. Alex
name: Hardin, Robert G.
name: Rajan, Nithya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Radiometric accuracy of data is crucial in quantitative precision agriculture, to produce reliable and repeatable data for modeling and decision making. The effect of exposure time and gain settings on the radiometric accuracy of multispectral images was not explored enough. The goal of this study was to determine if having a fixed exposure (FE) time during image acquisition improved radiometric accuracy of images, compared to the default auto-exposure (AE) settings. This involved quantifying the errors from auto-exposure and determining ideal exposure values within which radiometric mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were minimal (< 5%). The results showed that FE orthomosaic was closer to ground-truth (higher R2 and lower MAPE) than AE orthomosaic. An ideal exposure range was determined for capturing canopy and soil objects, without loss of information from under-exposure or saturation from over-exposure. A simulation of errors from AE showed that MAPE < 5% for the blue, green, red, and NIR bands and < 7% for the red edge band for exposure settings within the determined ideal ranges and increased exponentially beyond the ideal exposure upper limit. Further, prediction of total plant nitrogen uptake (g/plant) using vegetation indices (VIs) from two different growing seasons were closer to the ground truth (mostly, R2 > 0.40, and MAPE = 12 to 14%, p < 0.05) when FE was used, compared to the prediction from AE images (mostly, R2 < 0.13, MAPE = 15 to 18%, p >= 0.05).
Bottom baryons from a dynamical lattice QCD simulation
Creators: name: Lewis, Randy
name: Woloshyn, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bottom baryon masses are calculated based on a 2+1 flavor dynamical lattice QCD simulation. The gauge field configurations were computed by the CP-PACS and JLQCD collaborations using an improved clover action. The bottom quark is described using lattice NRQCD. Results are presented for single and double-b baryons at one lattice spacing. Comparison with experimental values is discussed.
description: 8 pages, changes to references,revised calculation, new experimental results discussed, consistent with published version
Understanding overfitting in random forest for probability estimation: a visualization and simulation study
Creators: name: Barreñada, Lasai
name: Dhiman, Paula
name: Timmerman, Dirk
name: Boulesteix, Anne-Laure
name: Van Calster, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Random forests have become popular for clinical risk prediction modelling. In a case study on predicting ovarian malignancy, we observed training c-statistics close to 1. Although this suggests overfitting, performance was competitive on test data. We aimed to understand the behaviour of random forests by (1) visualizing data space in three real world case studies and (2) a simulation study. For the case studies, risk estimates were visualised using heatmaps in a 2-dimensional subspace. The simulation study included 48 logistic data generating mechanisms (DGM), varying the predictor distribution, the number of predictors, the correlation between predictors, the true c-statistic and the strength of true predictors. For each DGM, 1000 training datasets of size 200 or 4000 were simulated and RF models trained with minimum node size 2 or 20 using ranger package, resulting in 192 scenarios in total. The visualizations suggested that the model learned spikes of probability around events in the training set. A cluster of events created a bigger peak, isolated events local peaks. In the simulation study, median training c-statistics were between 0.97 and 1 unless there were 4 or 16 binary predictors with minimum node size 20. Median test c-statistics were higher with higher events per variable, higher minimum node size, and binary predictors. Median training slopes were always above 1, and were not correlated with median test slopes across scenarios (correlation -0.11). Median test slopes were higher with higher true c-statistic, higher minimum node size, and higher sample size. Random forests learn local probability peaks that often yield near perfect training c-statistics without strongly affecting c-statistics on test data. When the aim is probability estimation, the simulation results go against the common recommendation to use fully grown trees in random forest models.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Theoretical investigation of magnetic order in ReOFeAs, Re = Ce, Pr
Creators: name: Alyahyaei, H. M.
name: Jishi, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are carried out on ReOFeAs, Re = Ce, Pr, the parent compounds of the high-T$_c$ superconductors ReO$_{1-x}$F$_{x}$FeAs, in order to determine the magnetic order of the ground state. It is found that the magnetic moments on the Fe sites adopt a collinear antiferromagnetic order, similar to the case of LaOFeAs. Within the generalized gradient approximation along with Coulomb onsite repulsion (GGA+U), we show that the Re magnetic moments also adopt an antiferromagnetic order for which, within the ReO layer, same spin Re sites lie along a zigzag line perpendicular to the Fe spin stripes. While within GGA the Re 4f band crosses the Fermi level, upon inclusion of onsite Coulomb interaction the 4f band splits and moves away from the Fermi level, making ReOFeAs a Mott insulator.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
First detection of threshold crossing events under intermittent sensing
Creators: name: Kumar, Aanjaneya
name: Zodage, Aniket
name: Santhanam, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The time of the first occurrence of a threshold crossing event in a stochastic process, known as the first passage time, is of interest in many areas of sciences and engineering. Conventionally, there is an implicit assumption that the notional 'sensor' monitoring the threshold crossing event is always active. In many realistic scenarios, the sensor monitoring the stochastic process works intermittently. Then, the relevant quantity of interest is the $\textit{first detection time}$, which denotes the time when the sensor detects the threshold crossing event for the first time. In this work, a birth-death process monitored by a random intermittent sensor is studied, for which the first detection time distribution is obtained. In general, it is shown that the first detection time is related to, and is obtainable from, the first passage time distribution. Our analytical results display an excellent agreement with simulations. Further, this framework is demonstrated in several applications -- the SIS compartmental and logistic models, and birth-death processes with resetting. Finally, we solve the practically relevant problem of inferring the first passage time distribution from the first detection time.
Quadrant polarization parameters for the scattered light of circumstellar disks. Analysis of debris disk models and observations of HR 4796A
Creators: name: Schmid, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces the quadrant polarization parameters $Q_{000}$, $Q_{090}$, $Q_{180}$, $Q_{270}$ for Stokes $Q$ and $U_{045}$, $U_{135}$, $U_{225}$, $U_{315}$ for Stokes $U$ for the characterization of the azimuthal dependence of the scattering polarization of spatially resolved circumstellar disks illuminated by the central star. These parameters are based on the natural Stokes $Q$ and $U$ quadrant pattern produced by circumstellar scattering. They provide a simple test of the deviations of the disk geometry from axisymmetry and can be used to constrain the scattering phase function for optically thin disks without detailed model fitting of disk images. The parameters are easy to derive from observations and model calculations and are therefore well suited to systematic studies of the dust scattering in circumstellar disks. It is shown for models of optically thin and rotationally symmetric debris disks that the quadrant parameters normalized to the integrated azimuthal polarization or quadrant ratios like $Q_{000}/Q_{180}$ depend only on the disk inclination $i$ and the polarized scattering phase function of the dust, and they do not depend on the radial distribution of the scattering emissivity. Because $i$ is usually well known for resolved disk, we can derive the shape of the phase function for the sampled scattering angle range. This finding also applies to models with vertical extensions as observed for debris disks. Diagnostic diagrams are calculated for normalized quadrant parameters and quadrant ratios for the determination of the asymmetry parameter $g$ of the polarized Henyey-Greenstein scattering phase function. We apply these diagrams to measurements of HR 4796A, and find that a phase function with only one parameter does not reproduce the data well, but find a better solution with a three-parameter phase function.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Audioproduktion als Lernform.
Creators: name: Mildner (Sontag), Katharina
name: Swertz, Christian
name: Hilzensauer, Wolf
name: Berger, Christian
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2013

description: Der Beitrag liefert eine Übersicht über 133 Beiträge, die seit 1970 zu Audioproduktionen in der Medienpädagogik im deutschsprachigen Raum veröffentlicht wurden. Der überwiegende Teil der Beiträge berichtet über praktische Arbeit mit Audioproduktionen in der schulischen und außerschulischen Praxis. Dabei steht oft die Handlungsorientierung und die Teilnehmerinnen- und Teilnehmerorientierungim Mittelpunkt. Viele Beiträge beschäftigen sich auch mit adäquaten Unterrichtsmethoden. Selten thematisiert werden die Qualifikation der Lehrenden und die zu vermittelnden Kompetenzen. Empirische Untersuchungen zu Audioproduktionen liegen ebenso wenig vor wie fachdidaktische Entwürfe oder Vorschläge für an die entstandenen Produktionen heranzutragende Qualitätskriterien.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 51 Nr. 1 (2013): 1/2013 - Normen und Normierungen
Optimum unambiguous identification of d unknown pure qudit states
Creators: name: Herzog, Ulrike
name: Bergou, Janos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of unambiguously identifying the state of a probe qudit with the state of one of d reference qudits. The reference states are assumed pure and linearly independent but we have no knowledge of them. The state of the probe qudit is assumed to coincide equally likely with either one of the d unknown reference states. We derive the optimum measurement strategy that maximizes the success probability of unambiguous identification and find that the optimum strategy is a generalized measurement. We give both the measurement operators and the optimum success probability explicitly. Technically, the problem we solve amounts to the optimum unambiguous discrimination of d known mixed quantum states.
description: A reference has been included and a sign error has been corrected that propagated and affected the final result and is unfortunately also present in the printed journal version
Magnetic properties of binary alloys Ni1-xMox and Ni1-yCuy close to critical concentrations
Creators: name: Lin, R. -Z.
name: Hsu, C. -H.
name: Liu, E. -P.
name: Chen, W. -T.
name: Huang, C. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for the ferromagnetic quantum critical point (FM QCP) has always been a captivating research topic in the scientific community. In pursuit of this goal, we introduced nonmagnetic transition metals to alloy with elemental nickel, and studied the magnetic properties of nickel binary alloys Ni1-xMox and Ni1-yCuy as a function of x and y up to the critical concentrations x_{cr} and y_{cr} at which the FM transition T_C disappears. T_C-x(y) phase diagrams were constructed via the Arrott-Noakes scaling of magnetization data. An enhanced Sommerfeld coefficient (the value of C/T as T \rightarrow 0) is observed near y_{cr}, manifesting the effect of quantum fluctuations near the quantum phase transition. It is evident that C/T diverges with -logT down to 0.1 K in the vicinity of y_{cr}, suggests the plausible FM QCP in Ni1-yCuy. However, in the case of Ni1-xMox, although the enhancement of the Sommerfeld coefficient is also observed near x_{cr}, the spin glass behavior is identified through the ac magnetic susceptibility measurement. This observation rules out the possibility of the existence of the FM QCP in Ni1-xMox.
description: The phase diagram figure is distorted during the conversion from jpg tp eps format
Hyperbolic Supersymmetric Quantum Hall Effect
Creators: name: Hasebe, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Developing a non-compact version of the SUSY Hopf map, we formulate the quantum Hall effect on a super-hyperboloid. Based on $OSp(1|2)$ group theoretical methods, we first analyze the one-particle Landau problem, and successively explore the many-body problem where Laughlin wavefunction, hard-core pseudo-potential Hamiltonian and topological excitations are derived. It is also shown that the fuzzy super-hyperboloid emerges in the lowest Landau level.
description: 14 pages, two columns, no figures, published version, typos corrected
Flippige Online-PDFs - Webpublikationen mit Umblätter-Effekt durch das MegaZine3-Tool
Creators: name: Mattern, Klaudia
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2013

description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 51 Nr. 1 (2013): 1/2013 - Normen und Normierungen
An Enhanced Photonic Quantum Finite Automaton
Creators: name: Candeloro, Alessandro
name: Mereghetti, Carlo
name: Palano, Beatrice
name: Cialdi, Simone
name: Paris, Matteo G. A.
name: Olivares, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 68Q10, 68Q45

description: In a recent paper we have described an optical implementation of a measure-once one-way quantum finite automaton recognizing a well-known family of unary periodic languages, accepting words not in the language with a given error probability. To process input words, the automaton exploits the degree of polarization of single photons and, to reduce the acceptance error probability, a technique of confidence amplification using the photon counts is implemented. In this paper, we show that the performance of this automaton may be further improved by using strategies that suitably consider both the orthogonal output polarizations of the photon. In our analysis, we also take into account how detector dark counts may affect the performance of the automaton.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Generation of Narrow-Band Polarization-Entangled Photon Pairs for Atomic Quantum Memories
Creators: name: Bao, Xiao-Hui
name: Qian, Yong
name: Yang, Jian
name: Zhang, Han
name: Chen, Zeng-Bing
name: Yang, Tao
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an experimental realization of a narrow-band polarization-entangled photon source with a linewidth of 9.6 MHz through cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion. This linewidth is comparable to the typical linewidth of atomic ensemble based quantum memories. Single-mode output is realized by setting a reasonable cavity length difference between different polarizations, using of temperature controlled etalons and actively stabilizing the cavity. The entangled property is characterized with quantum state tomography, giving a fidelity of 94% between our state and a maximally entangled state. The coherence length is directly measured to be 32 m through two-photon interference.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Complete and Near-Optimal Robotic Crack Coverage and Filling in Civil Infrastructure
Creators: name: Veeraraghavan, Vishnu
name: Hunte, Kyle
name: Yi, Jingang
name: Yu, Kaiyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We present a simultaneous sensor-based inspection and footprint coverage (SIFC) planning and control design with applications to autonomous robotic crack mapping and filling. The main challenge of the SIFC problem lies in the coupling of complete sensing (for mapping) and robotic footprint (for filling) coverage tasks. Initially, we assume known target information (e.g., cracks) and employ classic cell decomposition methods to achieve complete sensing coverage of the workspace and complete robotic footprint coverage using the least-cost route. Subsequently, we generalize the algorithm to handle unknown target information, allowing the robot to scan and incrementally construct the target map online while conducting robotic footprint coverage. The online polynomial-time SIFC planning algorithm minimizes the total robot traveling distance, guarantees complete sensing coverage of the entire workspace, and achieves near-optimal robotic footprint coverage, as demonstrated through experiments. For the demonstrated application, we design coordinated nozzle motion control with the planned robot trajectory to efficiently fill all cracks within the robot's footprint. Experimental results illustrate the algorithm's design, performance, and comparisons. The SIFC algorithm offers a high-efficiency motion planning solution for various robotic applications requiring simultaneous sensing and actuation coverage.