cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Defining Categorical Reasoning of Numerical Feature Models with Feature-Wise and Variant-Wise Quality Attributes
Creators: name: Munoz, Daniel-Jesus
name: Pinto, Monica
name: Gurov, Dilian
name: Fuentes, Lidia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: category theory
quality attribute
extended feature model
automated reasoning
numerical features

description: To watch it in Youtube: https://youtu.be/Uq2qtb4_K2U This is a pre-print, please access and cite the published version: https://doi.org/10.1145/3503229.3547057 Automatic analysis of variability is an important stage of Software Product Line (SPL) engineering. Incorporating quality information into this stage poses a significant challenge. However, quality-aware automated analysis tools are rare, mainly because in existing solutions variability and quality information are not unified under the same model. In this paper, we make use of the Quality Variability Model (QVM), based on Category Theory (CT), to redefine reasoning operations. We start defining and composing the six most common operations in SPL, but now as quality-based queries, which tend to be unavailable in other approaches. Consequently, QVM supports interactions between variant-wise and feature-wise quality attributes. As a proof of concept, we present, implement and execute the operations as lambda reasoning for CQL IDE -- the state-of-the-art CT tool.
description: Munoz, Pinto and Fuentes work is supported by the European Union's H2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement DAEMON 101017109, by the projects co-financed by FEDER funds LEIA UMA18-FEDERJA-15, MEDEA RTI2018-099213-B-I00 and Rhea P18-FR-1081 and the PRE2019-087496 grant from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.
The predictive validity of the Strange Situation procedure in two prospective, longitudinal studies: Social competence, externalizing behaviors, internalizing symptoms, and academic skills from childhood through early adulthood
Creators: name: Caldo, Paul
name: Magro, Sophia
name: Nivison, Marissa
name: Raby, Lee
name: Groh, Ashley
name: Fraley, R. Chris
name: Carlson, Elizabeth
name: Simpson, Jeffry
name: Roisman, Glenn
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: attachment
subject: existing data
subject: maternal sensitivity
subject: preregistration
subject: secondary data
subject: strange situation

description: This project contains a document preregistering a research project that uses secondary data.
IMPROVING EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT THROUGHPUT BY ADOPTION OF AN ADMISSIONS PREDICTOR TOOL AT TRIAGE
Creators: name: Linthicum, Benjamin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Emergency departments are increasingly busier and busier.  An area of concern for many hospitals is how to deal with the resulting overcrowding and related throughput problems.  This is because delayed throughput is seen as a measure of quality due to its association with negative patient outcomes.
        In this quality improvement project I sought to use an admissions predictor tool at triage to improve emergency department throughput by changing the process by which patients are identified and then processed for admissions.  A new process was put into place where a patient who was predicted highly likely for admission by the predictor tool would have a bed requested for them immediately after triage but prior to further emergency department evaluation.  This would allow for parallel processing of emergency department evaluation during the inpatient bed assignment process.
        A second goal for the project was to add to the collective evidence regarding the use of an admission predictor tool.  This includes the practicality of its use as well as potential ways in which the tool could be improved upon or otherwise used beyond the early bed request process.
        I found the admissions process to be much more complex than initially anticipated and due to this complexity only one patient out of 281 patients screened underwent the new early bed request process.  I found that in order to successfully use the new process, patients not only need to be identified for admission but their admission service and level of care also need to be identified.  I found areas for improvement, of the admission predictor tool, namely the inclusion of comorbidities.
        I was able to find a new use for the predictor tool.  By calculating an admissions probability on all patients in the emergency department, not already identified for admission, the tool was used to predict bed needs for the whole department at one time.  This aggregate prediction tool can be useful in planning hospital operations to meet the bed needs of patients’ hours sooner than current methods.
Iron abundance in the atmosphere of Arcturus
Creators: name: Sheminova, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abundance of iron in the atmosphere of Arcturus has been determined from the profiles or regions of the profiles of the weak lines sensitive to iron abundance. The selected lines of Fe I and Fe II were synthesized with the MARCS theoretical models of the atmosphere. From the observed profiles of lines available with a high spectral resolution in the atlas by Hinkle and Wallace (2005), the values of the iron abundance $A = 6.95 \pm 0.03$ and the radial-tangential macroturbulent velocity $5.6 \pm 0.2$ km/s were obtained for Arcturus. The same physical quantities were found for the Sun as a star; they are $7.42 \pm 0.02$ and $3.4 \pm 0.3$ km/s, respectively. For Arcturus, the iron abundance relative to the solar one was determined with the differential method as [Fe/H] $=-0.48 \pm 0.02$.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables, published in Kinematika i Fizika Nebesnykh Tel, 2015, Vol. 31, no. 4, P. 21-38 (in Russian); Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies, 2015, Vol. 31, no. 4, P. 172-183 (in English)
The balancing act
Creators: name: Kuitert, Lizet
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2021

description: Public bodies acting in the construction industry have to deal with major transitional issues, such as globalization and urbanization, population ageing, climate change and digitalization. Moreover, the public domain, private parties and society are becoming increasingly interdependent. As a result, safeguarding public values in the built environment has become ever more complex. Public bodies face the challenge to adhere to collective public values while confronted with private and societal values of external partners. This means that they have to deal with value pluralism and value-conflicts. In research, scarce attention has been paid to providing guidance to practitioners for dealing with multi-value trade-offs in operational processes. Hence, this research provides a construction-sector specific operationalization and a network perspective to the field of public value research. This research highlights the important role to be played by public commissioning in terms of safeguarding public values. It consists of three qualitative studies that utilize a range of different methods, including interviews, observations and document analysis. By this the research provides a contemporary perspective through which to study and execute the safeguarding of public values by public clients in the transition towards network governance in the construction industry. The dynamics of the sector-specific value interests of public construction clients, the occurrence of value conflicts in commissioning, and the safeguarding processes within both internal and external commissioning are studied. The practical implications derived from the research were translated into a value dialogue tool that can be used by public construction clients to professionalize safeguarding in their daily practice.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 06 (2021): The balancing act
HIP 10725: The First Solar Twin/Analogue Field Blue Straggler
Creators: name: Schirbel, Lucas
name: Melendez, Jorge
name: Karakas, Amanda I.
name: Ramirez, Ivan
name: Castro, Matthieu
name: Faria, Marcos A.
name: Lugaro, Maria
name: Asplund, Martin
name: Maia, Marcelo Tucci
name: Yong, David
name: Howes, Louise
name: Nascimento, J. D. do
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Context]. Blue stragglers are easy to identify in globular clusters, but are much harder to identify in the field. Here we present the serendipitous discovery of one field blue straggler, HIP 10725, that closely matches the Sun in mass and age, but with a metallicity slightly lower than the Sun's. [Methods]. We employ high resolution (R $\sim 10^5$) high S/N (330) VLT/UVES spectra to perform a differential abundance analysis of the solar analogue HIP 10725. Radial velocities obtained by other instruments were also used to check for binarity. We also study its chromospheric activity, age and rotational velocity. [Results]. We find that HIP 10725 is severely depleted in beryllium ([Be/H] <= -1.2 dex) for its stellar parameters and age. The abundances relative to solar of the elements with Z <= 30 show a correlation with condensation temperature and the neutron capture elements produced by the s-process are greatly enhanced, while the r-process elements seem normal. We found its projected rotational velocity (v sin i = 3.3+/-0.1 km/s) to be significantly larger than solar, and incompatible with its isochrone-derived age. Radial velocity monitoring shows that the star has a binary companion. [Conclusions]. Based on the high s-process element enhancements and low beryllium abundance, we suggest that HIP 10725 has been polluted by mass-transfer from an AGB star, probably with initial mass of about 2 M_Sun. The radial velocity variations suggest the presence of an unseen binary companion, probably the remnant of a former AGB star. Isochrones predict a solar-age star, but this is in disagreement with the high projected rotational velocity and high chromospheric activity. We conclude that HIP 10725 is a field blue straggler, rejuvenated by the mass transfer process of its former AGB companion.
description: A&A in press
Melt transport rates in heterogeneous mantle beneath mid-ocean ridges
Creators: name: Weatherley, Samuel M.
name: Katz, Richard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent insights to melt migration beneath ridges suggest that channelized flow is a consequence of melting of a heterogeneous mantle, and that spreading rate modulates the dynamics of the localized flow. A corollary of this finding is that both mantle het- erogeneity and spreading rate have implications for the speed and time scale of melt migration. Here, we investigate these implications using numerical models of magma flow in heterogeneous mantle beneath spreading plates. The models predict that a broad distribution of magma flow speeds is characteristic of the sub-ridge mantle. Within the melting region, magmatic flow is fastest in regions of average fusibility; surprisingly, magmas from sources of above-average fusibility travel to the ridge in a longer time. Spreading rate has comparatively simple consequences, mainly resulting in faster segregation speeds at higher spreading rates. The computed time scales are short enough to preserve deep origin 230Th disequilibria and, under favourable parameter regimes, also 226Ra excesses. An important prediction from the models is that mantle heterogeneity induces significant natural variability into U-series disequilibria, complicating the identification of relationships between disequilibria and ridge properties or chemical signatures of heterogeneity.
description: 42 pages, 10 figures, in press at Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta
The relationship between knee flexion, hip flexion, and trunk flexion angles and anterior tibial shear force during a jump-landing task
Creators: name: Walusz, Hollie Janine.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Objective: To evaluate the relationships between sagittal plane knee, hip, and trunk angles with peak anterior tibial shear force (ATSF) during a jump-landing task. Subjects: Thirty-three healthy female recreational athletes with no prior history of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury volunteered to participate in this study. Measurements: Knee, hip, and trunk kinematic data were collected with an electromagnetic motion capture system during a jump-landing task. Within- and between-subject data were analyzed using correlation and multiple regression statistical analyses. Results: Knee flexion angle at peak ATSF was found to be significantly correlated with peak ATSF (p=0.021, r = -0.367). Additionally, trunk flexion (world) at peak ATSF was found to have a significant positive relationship with peak ATSF (p=0.046, r =0.309). Knee flexion angle at peak ATSF was found to predict approximately 13.5% of the variance in ATSF (p=.042, R2=.135). Multiple within-subject correlations and regressions were found, however they varied amongst all angles between subjects. Conclusion: Knee flexion angles appear to predict ATSF in female athletes. While hip and trunk flexion angles did not predict ATSF in this study, training should emphasize increased flexion at all three joints in order to decrease ACL injury. Sagittal plane joint angles did not explain all the variability in peak ATSF, therefore other factors need to be examined.
Gauge-discontinuity contributions to Chern-Simons orbital magnetoelectric coupling
Creators: name: Liu, Jianpeng
name: Vanderbilt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method for calculating the Chern-Simons orbital magnetoelectric coupling, conventionally parametrized in terms of a phase angle $θ$. According to previous theories, $θ$ can be expressed as a 3D Brillouin-zone integral of the Chern-Simons 3-form defined in terms of the occupied Bloch functions. Such an expression is valid only if a smooth and periodic gauge has been chosen in the entire Brillouin zone, and even then, convergence with respect to the $\mathbf{k}$-space mesh density can be difficult to obtain. In order to solve this problem, we propose to relax the periodicity condition in one direction (say, the $k_z$ direction) so that a gauge discontinuity is introduced on a 2D $\mathbf{k}$ plane normal to $k_z$. The total $θ$ response then has contributions from both the integral of the Chern-Simons 3-form over the 3D bulk BZ and the gauge discontinuity expressed as a 2D integral over the $\mathbf{k}$ plane. Sometimes the boundary plane may be further divided into subregions by 1D "vortex loops" which make a third kind of contribution to the total $θ$, expressed as a combination of Berry phases around the vortex loops. The total $θ$ thus consists of three terms which can be expressed as integrals over 3D, 2D and 1D manifolds. When time-reversal symmetry is present and the gauge in the bulk BZ is chosen to respect this symmetry, both the 3D and 2D integrals vanish; the entire contribution then comes from the vortex-loop integral, which is either 0 or $π$ corresponding to the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ classification of 3D time-reversal invariant insulators. We demonstrate our method by applying it to the Fu-Kane-Mele model with an applied staggered Zeeman field.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PRB
Joint Scheduling and Power-Control for Delay Guarantees in Heterogeneous Cognitive Radios
Creators: name: Ewaisha, Ahmed
name: Tepedelenlioğlu, Cihan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An uplink multi secondary user (SU) cognitive radio system having average delay constraints as well as an interference constraint to the primary user (PU) is considered. If the interference channels between the SUs and the PU are statistically heterogeneous due to the different physical locations of the different SUs, the SUs will experience different delay performances. This is because SUs located closer to the PU transmit with lower power levels. Two dynamic scheduling-and-power-allocation policies that can provide the required average delay guarantees to all SUs irrespective of their locations are proposed. The first policy solves the problem when the interference constraint is an instantaneous one, while the second is for problems with long-term average interference constraints. We show that although the average interference problem is an extension to the instantaneous interference one, the solution is totally different. The two policies, derived using the Lyapunov optimization technique, are shown to be asymptotically delay optimal while satisfying the delay and interference constraints. Our findings are supported by extensive system simulations and shown to outperform existing policies as well as shown to be robust to channel estimation errors.
description: Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2016 Keywords: Cognitive Radios, Delay Constraints, Resource allocation, Stochastic Optimization, Online Algorithm, Lyapunov Optimization, Average Interference Constraint, Priority Queues. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1601.00608, arXiv:1512.02989
Probing Wolf-Rayet Winds: Chandra/HETG X-Ray Spectra of WR 6
Creators: name: Huenemoerder, David P.
name: Gayley, Kenneth G.
name: Hamann, Wolf-Rainer
name: Ignace, Richard
name: Nichols, Joy S.
name: Oskinova, Lidia
name: Pollock, Andrew M. T.
name: Schulz, Norbert S.
name: Shenar, Tomer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a deep Chandra/HETGS exposure of WR 6, we have resolved emission lines whose profiles show that the X-rays originate from a uniformly expanding spherical wind of high X-ray-continuum optical depth. The presence of strong helium-like forbidden lines places the source of X-ray emission at tens to hundreds of stellar radii from the photosphere. Variability was present in X-rays and simultaneous optical photometry, but neither were correlated with the known period of the system or with each other. An enhanced abundance of sodium revealed nuclear processed material, a quantity related to the evolutionary state of the star. The characterization of the extent and nature of the hot plasma in WR 6 will help to pave the way to a more fundamental theoretical understanding of the winds and evolution of massive stars.
description: Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
The adaptive response of the mandibular condyle to increased load is disrupted by ADAMTS5 deficiency
Creators: name: Porto, Sarah C
name: Rogers-DeCotes, Alexandra
name: Schafer, Emmaline
name: Kern, Christine B
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology

description: To determine the impact of increased load on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) from mice deficient in the extracellular matrix protease ADAMTS5. Wire springs exerting 0.5 N for 1 h/day for 5 days (Adamts5+/+ -n = 18; Adamts5−/− n = 19) or 0.8 N for 1 h/day for 10 days (Adamts5+/+-n = 18; Adamts5−/− n = 17) were used to increase murine TMJ load. Safranin O-staining was used to determine mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) morphology. Chondrogenic factors Sox9 and aggrecan were immunolocalized. Microcomputed topography was employed to evaluate mineralized tissues, and Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase staining was used to quantify osteoclasts. Increased load on the mandibular condyle of Adamts5-/- mice resulted in an increase in the hypertrophic zone of mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) compared to normal load (NL) (P < 0.01). In the trabecular bone of the mandibular condyle, the total volume (TV), bone volume (BV), trabecular thickness (TbTh), and trabecular separation (TbSp) of the mandibular condyles in Adamts5-/- mice (n = 27) did not change significantly with increased load, compared to Adamts5+/+ (n = 38) that exhibited significant responses (TV-P < 0.05; BV-P < 0.001; TbTh-P < 0.01; TbSp-P < 0.01). The bone volume fraction (BV/TV) was significantly reduced in response to increased load in both Adamts5-/- (P < 0.05) and Adamts5+/+ mandibular condyles (P < 0.001) compared to NL. Increased load in Adamts5-/- mandibular condyles also resulted in a dramatic increase in osteoclasts compared to Adamts5-/- NL (P < 0.001) and to Adamts5+/+ with increased load (P < 01). The trabeculated bone of the Adamts5-/- mandibular condyle was significantly less responsive to the increased load compared to Adamts5+/+. ADAMTS5 may be required for mechanotransduction in the trabeculated bone of the mandibular condyle.
A Portrait of Two Public Charter Schools in Pursuit of Equity and Excellence
Creators: name: Hahm, Son Young
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In North Carolina, charter schools that serve whites and non-economically disadvantaged students have doubled in the last fourteen years, whereas schools that serve economically disadvantaged students have closed at higher rates (Ladd, Clotfelter, & Holbein, 2015). Stories of school leadership that successfully promotes equity and excellence in schools that serve predominantly economically disadvantaged students of color guide school leaders serving similar communities. Drawing from interviews, observations, and document analysis, this portraiture study examines the theoretical groundings, leadership beliefs, and school-wide practices of charter school founders who successfully serve economically disadvantaged students of color in North Carolina. School founders who lead for equity and excellence communicate and invest their leadership teams and stakeholders in the school’s mission; selectively hire staff members who align with the school’s mission, vision and values; and build their staff members’ leadership capacity. Most importantly, they cultivate awareness of their positionality and racial identity; learn the history of racism and its impact on education in their community; and create systems to operationalize their leadership vision into equitable practice. Findings from this study may be of interest to organizations selecting charter school founders or principals; school district leaders, particularly those who supervise principals; or school leadership preparation programs.
Religious melancholy in the music of John Dowland
Creators: name: Breckling, Molly M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: This study examines the religious music of John Dowland as it relates to his association with the Elizabethan cult of melancholy. In examining his music, I have distinguished several different types of melancholy and I feel that Dowland’s musical treatment of these types is more nuanced then has yet been recognized. While scholars from the early modern era realized that the complaint of melancholy was a highly complex, multi-faceted issue, modern scholars tend to identify the melancholy tendencies of Dowland’s music as a one-dimensional concept. By exploring the expression of religious melancholy in the music of Dowland through the lens of contemporaneous medical and religious treatises, I am applying the early seventeenth-century conception of melancholy in my own interpretation of Dowland’s religious-themed music.
Technopopulism: Movimento Cinque Stelle, Podemos, and the Rise of Digital Direct Democracy
Creators: name: Leavy, Edward
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: How is the internet changing the way citizens engage with politics? Beyond voting for representatives, several parties in Europe have been inviting supporters to go online and vote on issues such as leadership and policy stances. Known as technopopulism, this trend is particularly central to two emergent populist movements: Italy’s Movimento Cinque Stelle and Spain’s Podemos. Similar to how online ‘fake news’ has been changing the way the public understands current events, online-based direct democracy has already begun changing the way the public engages with political processes such as lawmaking and selecting candidates. While the rhetoric of technopopulist parties frequently highlights their usage of direct democracy as proof that they truly speak for the masses, this thesis argues that these online tools in their current iterations are problematic for reasons such as only engaging a minuscule fraction of the public and potentially obscuring undemocratic practices by party leadership.
Investigating the Role of Endothelial Caveolin-1 on T Cell Migration Across the Blood-Brain Barrier
Creators: name: Trevino, Troy N
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Impairment of BBB integrity is a common feature of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. Increased expression of Cav-1 on BECs positively correlates with BBB permeability to T cells. However, how Cav-1, a signaling and structural protein in caveolar endocytic vesicles, functions in T cell migration into the CNS is unclear. Here, we tested the role of BEC Cav-1 on T cell BBB transmigration in vitro and in mouse models of Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19. Our hypothesis is that that brain endothelial Cav-1 promotes T cell migration across the BBB in autoimmune and infectious diseases. We found that Cav-1 deficiency was protective against T cell neuroinflammation in the EAE mouse model of MS and in SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infection. Interestingly, Cav-1-/- mice had fewer CXCR3+ T cells in the CNS during EAE. It's been established that Cav-1 is required for BBB migration of CD4+ Th1 cells, a population known to express the chemokine receptor CXCR3. We found that CXCL10, the chemokine ligand for CXCR3, enhanced Cav-1 dependent transcellular migration of T cell across BECs. Furthermore, we showed that BEC Cav-1 promotes CXCL10 aggregation into cytoplasmic stores to provide local activation of loosely adherent T cells. In COVID-19, age is an important factor in susceptibility to neurological complications resulting respiratory infection. Indeed, we found that aged mice had enhanced BEC expression of Cav-1, increased fibrinogen leakage, and increased T cell neuroinflammation compared to young mice in a SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infection model. RNA sequencing analysis of BECs from COVID-19 mice showed dysregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling as well as upregulation of inflammatory pathways. Cerebrovascular-targeted activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling at the BBB in aged SARS-CoV-2 infected mice partially rescued T cell neuroinflammation and neurocognitive dysfunction. Together, these data indicate BEC Cav-1 as a critical regulator of T cell neuroinflammation. Furthermore, modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling could be a potential interventional strategy to recover BBB integrity in neuroinflammatory diseases.
STACKED
Creators: name: Graamans, Luuk
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2021

description: Expanding cities across the world rely increasingly on the global food network, but should they? Population growth, urbanisation and climate change place pressure on this network, bringing its resilience into question. For decades urban agriculture has been discussed in popular media and academia as a potential solution to improve food security, quality and sustainability. The new idol in this discussion is the plant factory: A fully closed system for crop production. Arrays of LEDs provide light and hydroponics provide water and nutrients to vertically stacked layers of crops, hence the term vertical farming. The plant factory features more extensive climate control than high-tech greenhouses. The question remains whether this level of climate control is necessary, effective and/or efficient. The scope of this research is therefore to investigate the potential and limitations of plant factories for urban food production. The STACKED method was developed to address the performance of plant factories across multiple scales, from leaf to facility to city. The role of plant processes in the total energy balance was outlined first. Performance was assessed by analysing the resource requirements, including energy, electricity, water, CO2 and land area use, for the production of fresh vegetables. The impact of façade and cooling system design was analysed in detail. Lastly, the effects of local food production on the urban energy balance were assessed for various scenarios. The results of this dissertation can serve as a foundation for future studies on the application of plant factories in both theoretical and real world applications.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 05 (2021): STACKED
Spatial Planning for Urban Resilience in the Face of the Flood Risk
Creators: name: Meng, Meng
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2021

description: The research was inspired by the increasing impact of extreme weather events and changing climate patterns on flood-prone regions and cities, and the consequent human and economic costs. Despite global efforts for flood resilience and climate adaptation involving climate analysts, economists, social scientists, politicians, hydrological engineers, spatial planners, and policymakers, it is only partially clear how best to construct resilience measures and implement concrete initiatives. The complexity of institutions is a key factor that is often neglected, and which needs further investigation. The thesis examines the institutional arrangements that determine the role of spatial planning in managing flood risk, through an in-depth case study of Guangzhou, one of the most vulnerable cities in China and globally. The thesis employs theories of historical institutionalism, planning procedure and planning tools, policy framing and collaborative governance, to explore the mechanisms and factors that influence the creative planning and design process. Content analysis, GIS-based mapping, stakeholder analysis and TOWS analysis are used to investigate data from official policy documents, grey literature, geo-information data and interview scripts. The findings indicate that institutional arrangements, such as long-established planning traditions, formal planning procedures and tools, policy framing patterns and contextual organisational factors, determine spatial planning’s role in managing flood risk. They do this through (1) the extent of the changeability of an established planning system towards expanded flood resilience measures; (2) the performance of cross-level communication and boundary-spanning work between planning and water management; (3) the legal framework that planners and hydrological engineers follow; and (4) the capacities of planning and water management institutions to work on flood issues. This research shows how to apply knowledge from policy science, political science, institutional science and administration, to analyse the nature of the planning process in tackling the urgent challenge of flood risk and climate change.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 04 (2021): Spatial Planning for Urban Resilience in the Face of the Flood Risk
Influence of pulse width and detuning on coherent phonon generation
Creators: name: Nakamura, Kazutaka G.
name: Shikano, Yutaka
name: Kayanuma, Yosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the coherent phonon generation mechanism by irradiation of an ultrashort pulse with a simple two-level model. Our derived formulation shows that both impulsive stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) and impulsive absorption (IA) simultaneously occur, and phonon wave packets are generated in the electronic ground and excited states by ISRS and IA, respectively. We identify the dominant process from the amplitude of the phonon oscillation. For short pulse widths, ISRS is very small and becomes larger as the pulse width increases. We also show that the initial phase is dependent on the pulse width and the detuning.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Heavy strain conditions in colloidal core-shell quantum dots and their consequences on the vibrational properties from \emph{Ab initio} calculations
Creators: name: Han, Peng
name: Bester, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We preform large-scale \emph{ab initio} density functional theory calculations to study the lattice strain and the vibrational properties of colloidal semiconductor core-shell nanoclusters with up to one thousand atoms (radii up to 15.6~Å). For all the group IV, III-V and II-VI semiconductors studied, we find that the atom positions of the shell atoms, seem unaffected by the core material. In particular, for group IV core-shell clusters the shell material remains unstrained, while the core adapts to the large lattice mismatch (compressive or tensile strain). For InAs-InP and CdSe-CdS, both the cores and the shells are compressively strained corresponding to pressures up to 20 GPa. We show that this compression, which contributes a large blue-shift of the vibrational frequencies, is counterbalanced, to some degree, by the undercoordination effect of the near-surface shell, which contributes a red-shift to the vibrational modes. These findings lead to a different interpretation of the frequency shifts of recent Raman experiments, while they confirm the speculated interface nature of the low-frequency shoulder of the high frequency Raman peak.
Vector Optical Activity in the Weyl Semimetal TaAs
Creators: name: Norman, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the Weyl semimetal TaAs can have a significant polar vector contribution to its optical activity. This is quantified by ab initio calculations of the resonant x-ray diffraction at the Ta L1 edge. For the Bragg vector (400), this polar vector contribution to the circular intensity differential between left and right polarized x-rays is predicted to be comparable to that arising from linear dichroism. Implications this result has in regards to optical effects predicted for topological Weyl semimetals are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Special Olympics’ Coach Training and Practices for Positive Development: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Turgeon, Stéphanie
name: Turgeon, Jessica
name: Morin, Diane
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sports Studies
subject: Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Special Education and Teaching
subject: Coach practices
subject: Coach training
subject: Intellectual Disability
subject: Life skills
subject: Special Olympics
subject: Sport

description: This protocol presents the methodology for our scoping review on coach training and practices within the context of Special Olympics.
Stability of low-carrier-density topological-insulator Bi$_2$Se$_3$ thin films and effect of capping layers
Creators: name: Salehi, Maryam
name: Brahlek, Matthew
name: Koirala, Nikesh
name: Moon, Jisoo
name: Wu, Liang
name: Armitage, N. P.
name: Oh, Seongshik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although over the past number of years there have been many advances in the materials aspects of topological insulators (TI), one of the ongoing challenges with these materials is the protection of them against aging. In particular, the recent development of low-carrier-density bulk-insulating Bi$_2$Se$_3$ thin films and their sensitivity to air demands reliable capping layers to stabilize their electronic properties. Here, we study the stability of the low-carrier-density Bi$_2$Se$_3$ thin films in air with and without various capping layers using DC and THz probes. Without any capping layers, the carrier density increases by ~150% over a week and by ~280% over 9 months. In situ-deposited Se and ex situ-deposited Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) suppresses the aging effect to ~27% and ~88% respectively over 9 months. The combination of effective capping layers and low-carrier-density TI films will open up new opportunities in topological insulators.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Very high energy emission of Crab-like pulsars driven by the Cherenkov drift radiation
Creators: name: Osmanov, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the generation of very high energy (VHE) emission in Crab-like pulsars driven by means of the feedback of Cherenkov drift waves on distribution of magnetospheric electrons. We have found that the unstable Cherenkov drift modes lead to the quasi-linear diffusion (QLD), keeping the pitch angles from vanishing, which in turn, maintains the synchrotron mechanism. Considering the Crab-like pulsars it has been shown that the growth rate of the Cherenkov drift instability (ChDI) is quite high, indicating high efficiency of the process. Analyzing the mechanism for the typical parameters we have found that the Cherenkov drift emission from the extreme UV to hard $X$-rays is strongly correlated with the VHE synchrotron emission in the GeV band.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Boundary and coupled boundary-finite element methods for transient wave-structure interaction
Creators: name: Hsiao, George C.
name: Sanchez-Vizuet, Tonatiuh
name: Sayas, Francisco--Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose time-domain boundary integral and coupled boundary integral and variational formulations for acoustic scattering by linearly elastic obstacles. Well posedness along with stability and error bounds with explicit time dependence are established. Full discretization is achieved coupling boundary and finite elements; Convolution Quadrature is used for time evolution in the pure BIE formulation and combined with time stepping in the coupled BEM/FEM scenario. Second order convergence in time is proven for BDF2-CQ and numerical experiments are provided for both BDF2 and Trapezoidal Rule CQ showing second order behavior for the latter as well.
State Aid to Car Companies: Were Government Responses to the Auto Industry Crisis Different in the United States and Europe?
Creators: name: Coates-Chaney, Kingsley
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: The global recession in 2008 and 2009 hit car companies particularly hard. The effects were felt on both sides of the Atlantic. In this time of crisis, governments responded with many support programs to private finance and industry that had to work within WTO and EU competition rules. In the United States, General Motors and Chrysler received billions in guaranteed loans, car scrappage programs, and bankruptcy benefits. In Europe, the French government granted billions of euros in loans to its national champions PSA and Renault, as well as providing a car scrappage program and aid to individual factories. The German government focused its aid on a car scrappage program and aid to targeted factories. In the end, the different regulatory environments had less impact on making different state aid programs than did the differences in their domestic industry profiles.
Mapping Landscape Spaces
Creators: name: Liu, Mei
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2020

description: Landscape design focuses on the construction and articulation of outdoor space and results in landscape architectonic compositions. In order to communicate about three-dimensional forms and functions, vocabulary, representations, and tools (in terms of spatial-visual characteristics) are of fundamental importance for landscape architects to describe, interpret, and manipulate landscape spaces. While combining design vocabulary and landscape indicators, qualitative and quantitative mapping approaches, visual representation and interpretation methods, this research aims to provide a framework for describing, understanding, and communicating about spatial-visual characteristics in landscape design. A pilot study is used to explore the potential of specific mapping approaches, such as compartment analysis, 3D landscapes, grid-cell analysis, landscape metrics, visibility analysis, and eye-tracking analysis, which are employed to address spatial-visual phenomena like sequence, orientation, continuity, and complexity. Hypothetical design experiments are conducted to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of spatial-visual mapping in the design process. Interviews with designers are carried out to reflect on techniques for mapping spatial-visual characteristics in the daily practice of landscape architecture. This research opens a way in which to apply visual landscape research in the process of landscape design and supports the development of multidisciplinary approaches. By expanding the spatial-visual mapping toolbox, designers can engage in issues of landscape development, transformation, and preservation while providing realistic and instrumental clues for interventions in urban landscapes.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 20 (2020): Mapping Landscape Spaces
Comparison of Spectator Demographic Descriptors and Attendance Motivators at University of North Carolina Sporting Events
Creators: name: Limmer, Michael B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The purpose of this study was to compare the demographic characteristics of spectators at University of North Carolina sporting events and to compare the motivational factors that influenced attendance. This study compared the spectators of five sports at the University of North Carolina: Field Hockey, Football, Men's Soccer, Women's Soccer and Women's Volleyball. Of the spectators contacted, 1,373 responded to an e-mailed survey for a response rate of 61%. Chi square tests of independence found significant relationships between demographic characteristics and sport attended. One-way ANOVAs determined there to be significant differences between sports in regards to the motivational factors that influenced attendance, as well as between motivational factors within each sport. Additionally, t-tests found significant differences between UNC students and non-students for the motivational factors influencing attendance for each sport.
Progress in nonmagnetic impurity doping studies on Fe-based superconductors
Creators: name: Li, Jun
name: Guo, Yan-Feng
name: Yang, Zhao-Rong
name: Yamaura, Kazunari
name: Takayama-Muromachi, Eiji
name: Wang, Hua-Bing
name: Wu, Pei-Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the progress of nonmagnetic impurity doping study on the Fe-based superconductors. On the theoretical side, two highly potential candidates for the pairing symmetry order parameter, i.e. the multi-gap s++ and s+- wave models, have been proposed but continuously debated. The debate arises because of the complex gap structure, exceptive magnetic and metallic behaviors of Fe-based superconductors which may make the influences of nonmagnetic defects varied in chemical potential, impurity disorder, inter- and intra-band scattering strength, and electron localization, and hence difficulty in directly obtaining the most important information for understanding the symmetry order parameter. Experimentally, the nonmagnetic impurity substitution study has been widely carried out, which has provided very useful insights. We review herein the various nonmagnetic impurity doping experiments, including the controlled defects within the superconducting Fe2X2 planes through samples quality improvement, a single impurity effects on the electronic state and local moment, the magnetic response of the Fe2X2 planes both on macroscopic scale as antiferromagnetic state and local scale of moment, as well as the significant effect in modifying the transport properties. The experiments enable us to qualitatively analyze the nonmagnetic impurities effects on the superconducting state for many Fe-based superconductors. We also propose herein some strategies for the nonmagnetic impurity doping study. As an important model for explaining the nonmagnetic impurities doping effects, the pair-breaking model is compared with various theoretical approaches via analyzing the pair-breaking rates of various Fe-superconductors.
description: 82 pages, 44 figures, topical review article to be published in Superconductor Science and Technology
Towards an Architecture of Self-reliance
Creators: name: Smits, Michiel
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2020

description: This research project focuses on how decisions made by practitioners, articulating rural housing in Sub-Sahara Africa, contribute to the decreasing level of self-reliance inhabitants have regarding their housing. Multiple case studies on Mt. Elgon proved that inhabitants have a significantly higher self-reliance level, comparing traditional to modern housing. To study this phenomenon in practice and to articulate suitable design support the Design Research Methodology was chosen. The research clarification pinpointed inhabitant capacities as the key-contributor to self-reliant housing. Household survey outcomes proved that large numbers of rural inhabitant’s desire housing which they have insufficient capacities for. Indicating that the inhabitants experience a disparity between existing and desired housing capacities, moreover an inability to bridge this disparity independently, and consequently require external help. Architect seemed most appropriate to offer this help as it consist of sociocultural, engineering and design tasks. Architects are not trained in inhabitant capacity evaluation and as no suitable design tools existed, this research project developed the required design support, its application requirements and the impact measurements. These were then tested in a pilot project on Mt. Elgon. The findings were used to evaluate the support’s impact and suitability. The support tool users found it suitable to assess and integrate inhabitant capacities into housing solutions. The impact shows that the support group families have sustained their family’s level of self-reliance unlike the control group. The developed technological design, with modifications, could be used not only in rural Kenyan communities, but also help others around the continent.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 19 (2020): Towards an Architecture of Self-reliance