cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Scale Invariant FIMP Miracle
Creators: name: Barman, Basabendu
name: Ghoshal, Anish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the freeze-in production of vector dark matter (DM) in a classically scale invariant theory, where the Standard Model (SM) is augmented with an abelian $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry that is spontaneously broken due to the non-zero vacuum expectation value (VEV) of a scalar charged under the $U(1)_X$. Generating the SM Higgs mass at 1-loop level, it leaves only two parameters in the dark sector, namely, the DM mass $m_X$ and the gauge coupling $g_X$ as independent, and supplement with a naturally light dark scalar particle. We show, for $g_X\sim\mathcal{O}\left(10^{-5}\right)$, it is possible to produce the DM X out-of-equilibrium in the early Universe, satisfying the observed relic abundance for $m_X\sim\mathcal{O}\left(\text{TeV}\right)$, which in turn also determines the scalar mixing angle $\sin θ\sim\mathcal{O}\left(10^{-5}\right)$. The presence of such naturally light scalar mediator with tiny mixing with the SM, opens up the possibility for the model to be explored in direct search experiment, which otherwise is insensitive to standard freeze-in scenarios. Moreover we show that even with such feeble couplings, necessary for the DM freeze-in, the scenario is testable in several light dark sector searches (e.g., in DUNE and in FASER-II), satisfying constraints from the observed relic abundance as well as big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). Particularly, we find, regions of the parameter space with $m_X$ $\gtrsim 1.8$ TeV are insensitive to direct detection probes but still can become accessible in lifetime frontier searches, courtesy to the underlying scale invariance of the theory.
description: 39 pages, 7 figures, comments are welcome; typos fixed, one new figure added, new references added, abstract slightly changed, conclusion unchanged. Version accepted for publication in JCAP
Complete and efficient prehensile rearrangement in confined spaces under kinematic constraints
Creators: name: Wang, Rui
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: This thesis aims to provide complete, efficient, and high-quality solutions for task and motion planning problems in the area of robot manipulation with multiple objects. Specifically, the majority of the thesis focuses on a particular problem - robotic prehensile rearrangement in confined spaces under kinematic constraints, which has broad applications such as aligning objects in the grocery shelves. It is a challenging setup as no top-down grasps are available for approaching the objects. As a result, kinematic constraints such as robot-to-object and object-to-object constraints dominate the feasibility of the problems. It calls the need to develop intelligent sequential decision-making algorithms to produce a high-quality sequence of robot motions to successfully complete rearrangement tasks without collisions. Motivated by this domain, this thesis advances the capability of algorithms that result in a high-quality sequence of robot motions, which allows to successfully complete rearrangement tasks in confined spaces without undesirable collisions.Specifically, this thesis introduces efficient monotone solvers for solving monotone problems, i.e., those that can be solved by moving each object at most once, by significantly pruning the search space of possible solutions. It first provides a dynamic programming solution which reduces the search space from O(n!) to O(2^n) (n refers to the total number of objects). Based on that, it further introduces pruning of the search space by incorporating reachability constraints from grasping configurations for objects. Then it utilizes a lazy evaluation at the task planning level to reduce the total number of expensive motion planning queries and collision checking calls. In this process, it sidesteps expensive computational operations, while maintaining desirable completeness guarantees. This thesis progresses in incorporating the proposed monotone solvers to develop probabilistic complete non-monotone solvers, which are capable of solving harder instances quickly with fewer buffer locations, i.e., intermediate placements for objects needed during the rearrangement process. It first introduces a structure that alternates the monotone calls and the actions of moving objects to buffers (called perturbations), which returns solutions with fewer object transfers. Based on that, it utilizes the lazy evaluation framework to load partial solutions more efficiently from monotone solvers to achieve additional efficiency improvement. This work also provides improved motion planning primitives for rearrangement to speed up online motion planning resolution. The combination of these algorithmic improvements allow for increased feasibility, efficiency and quality of solutions. Finally, this work demonstrates the applicability of the proposed methods via a proof-of-concept real robotic rearrangement system, which integrates visual input and the developed task and motion planning methods.
Conservative Policy Construction Using Variational Autoencoders for Logged Data with Missing Values
Creators: name: Abroshan, Mahed
name: Yip, Kai Hou
name: Tekin, Cem
name: van der Schaar, Mihaela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In high-stakes applications of data-driven decision making like healthcare, it is of paramount importance to learn a policy that maximizes the reward while avoiding potentially dangerous actions when there is uncertainty. There are two main challenges usually associated with this problem. Firstly, learning through online exploration is not possible due to the critical nature of such applications. Therefore, we need to resort to observational datasets with no counterfactuals. Secondly, such datasets are usually imperfect, additionally cursed with missing values in the attributes of features. In this paper, we consider the problem of constructing personalized policies using logged data when there are missing values in the attributes of features in both training and test data. The goal is to recommend an action (treatment) when $\Xt$, a degraded version of $\Xb$ with missing values, is observed. We consider three strategies for dealing with missingness. In particular, we introduce the \textit{conservative strategy} where the policy is designed to safely handle the uncertainty due to missingness. In order to implement this strategy we need to estimate posterior distribution $p(\Xb|\Xt)$, we use variational autoencoder to achieve this. In particular, our method is based on partial variational autoencoders (PVAE) which are designed to capture the underlying structure of features with missing values.
Additional file 10 of Longitudinal assessment and stability of long non-coding RNA gene expression profiles measured in human peripheral whole blood collected into PAXgene blood RNA tubes
Creators: name: Lukasz S. Wylezinski
name: Shaginurova, Guzel I.
name: Spurlock, Charles F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 10: Figure S8. Long term cDNA storage and freeze-thaw cycles do not alter lncRNA or mRNA expression.
Self-sealing complex oxide resonators
Creators: name: Lee, Martin
name: Robin, Martin
name: Guis, Ruben
name: Filippozzi, Ulderico
name: Shin, Dong Hoon
name: van Thiel, Thierry C.
name: Paardekooper, Stijn
name: Renshof, Johannes R.
name: van der Zant, Herre S. J.
name: Caviglia, Andrea D.
name: Verbiest, Gerard J.
name: Steeneken, Peter G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although 2D materials hold great potential for next-generation pressure sensors, recent studies revealed that gases permeate along the membrane-surface interface that is only weakly bound by van der Waals interactions, necessitating additional sealing procedures. In this work, we demonstrate the use of free-standing complex oxides as self-sealing membranes that allow the reference cavity of pressure sensors to be sealed by a simple anneal. To test the hermeticity, we study the gas permeation time constants in nano-mechanical resonators made from SrRuO3 and SrTiO3 membranes suspended over SiO2/Si cavities which show an improvement up to 4 orders of magnitude in the permeation time constant after annealing the devices for 15 minutes. Similar devices fabricated on Si3N4/Si do not show such improvements, suggesting that the adhesion increase over SiO2 is mediated by oxygen bonds that are formed at the SiO2/complex oxide interface during the self-sealing anneal. We confirm the enhancement of adhesion by picosecond ultrasonics measurements which show an increase in the interfacial stiffness by 70% after annealing. Since it is straigthforward to apply, the presented self-sealing method is thus a promising route toward realizing ultrathin hermetic pressure sensors.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Degradation and sorption of the herbicides 2,4-D and quizalofop-P-ethyl and their metabolites in soils from railway tracks
Creators: name: Buerge, Ignaz J.
name: Pavlova, Pavlina
name: Hanke, Irene
name: Bächli, Astrid
name: Poiger, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Details on analytical methods, soil adsorption experiments, volatilization experiments, and kinetic evaluation.
In-orbit timing calibration of the Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope
Creators: name: Tuo, Youli
name: Li, Xiaobo
name: Ge, Mingyu
name: Nie, Jianyin
name: Song, Liming
name: Xu, Yupeng
name: Zheng, Shijie
name: Lu, Fangjun
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
name: Liu, Congzhan
name: Cao, Xuelei
name: Chen, Yong
name: Qu, Jinlu
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Zhao, Haisheng
name: Xiao, Shuo
name: Wu, Baiyang
name: Wen, Xiangyang
name: Jiang, Weichun
name: Meng, Bin
name: Cui, Weiwei
name: Li, Wei
name: Zhang, Yifei
name: Li, Xufang
name: Yang, Yanji
name: Tan, Ying
name: Li, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the timing system and the timing calibration results of the three payloads on-board the Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT). These three payloads are the High Energy X-ray telescope (HE, 20-250 keV), the Medium Energy X-ray telescope (ME, 5-30 keV) and the low Energy X-ray telescope (LE, 1-10 keV). We present a method to correct the temperature-dependent period response and the long-term variation of the on-board crystal oscillator, especially for ME that does not carry a temperature-compensated crystal oscillator. The time of arrivals (ToAs) of the Crab pulsar are measured to evaluate the accuracy of the timing system. As the ephemeris of the Crab pulsar given by Jodrell Bank observatory has systematic errors around 40 μs (Rots et al. 2014), we use the quasi-simultaneous observations of the X-ray Timing Instrument (XTI) on-board the Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) to produce the Crab ephemerides and to verify the timing system of Insight-HXMT. The energy-dependent ToAs' offsets relative to the NICER measurements including physical and instrumental origins are about 24.7μs, 10.1μs and 864.7μs, and the systematic errors of the timing system are determined as 12.1μs, 8.6μs, and 15.8μs, for HE, ME and LE respectively.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJS
Additional file 1 of Longitudinal assessment and stability of long non-coding RNA gene expression profiles measured in human peripheral whole blood collected into PAXgene blood RNA tubes
Creators: name: Lukasz S. Wylezinski
name: Shaginurova, Guzel I.
name: Spurlock, Charles F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Genomic locations for qRT-PCR targets used in the study.
Additional file 2 of Degradation and sorption of the herbicides 2,4-D and quizalofop-P-ethyl and their metabolites in soils from railway tracks
Creators: name: Buerge, Ignaz J.
name: Pavlova, Pavlina
name: Hanke, Irene
name: Bächli, Astrid
name: Poiger, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2. All output files of the kinetic evaluation.
Axion as a fuzzy-dark-matter candidate: Proofs in different gauges
Creators: name: Hwang, Jai-chan
name: Noh, Hyerim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axion as a coherently oscillating massive scalar field is known to behave as a zero-pressure irrotational fluid with characteristic quantum stress on a small scale. In relativistic perturbation theory, the case was proved in the axion-comoving gauge up to fully nonlinear and exact order. Our basic assumption is that the field is oscillating with Compton frequency and the Compton wavelength is smaller than the horizon scale. Here, we revisit the relativistic proof to the linear order in the other gauge conditions. We show that the same equation for density perturbation known in the non-relativistic treatment can be derived in two additional gauge conditions: the zero-shear gauge and the uniform-curvature gauge. The uniform-expansion gauge fails to get the aimed equation, and the quantum stress term is missing in the synchronous gauge. For comparison, we present the relativistic density perturbation equations in the zero-pressure fluid in these gauge conditions. Except for the comoving and the synchronous gauge, the equations strikingly differ from the axion case. We clarify that the relativistic analysis based on time averaging is valid for scales larger than the Compton wavelength. Below the Compton wavelength, the field is not oscillating, and our oscillatory ansatz does not apply. We suggest an equation valid in all scales in the comoving gauge. For comparison, we review the non-relativistic quantum hydrodynamics and present the Schrödinger equation to first-order post-Newtonian expansion in the cosmological context.
description: 11 pages, no figure; Published version
FAIR workflows
Creators: name: Gustafsson, Ove Johan Ragnar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FAIR
FAIR4RS
workflows
registry

description: This presentation describes the use of registries like WorkflowHub (https://workflowhub.eu/) for making computational workflows more findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR). The presentation was part of a first year anniversary event for the Visible Research Software Interest Group (VRSIG, https://sites.google.com/ardc.edu.au/visible-research-software): https://youtu.be/0TwFv9gQnos Parts of the presentation content were inspired and adapted (with permission) from a presentation by Carole Goble (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1219-2137) at a FAIRPoints ‘Ask Me Anything’ webinar on Software and Workflows, which can be viewed here: https://www.youtube.com/@fairpoints4178 & https://youtu.be/bvA8jiAs5tQ.
description: {"references": ["https://youtu.be/bvA8jiAs5tQ", "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7660245", "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5171937", "https://doi.org/10.48546/WORKFLOWHUB.WORKFLOW.431.1", "https://doi.org/10.48546/WORKFLOWHUB.WORKFLOW.221.3", "https://doi.org/10.48546/WORKFLOWHUB.WORKFLOW.143.1", "https://bioschemas.org/profiles/ComputationalWorkflow/1.0-RELEASE", "https://crs4.github.io/life_monitor/lm_wft_best_practices_github_app#installation", "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4605654", "https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10137.1", "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-07767-z", "https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16446", "https://s.apache.org/existing-workflow-systems", "https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkac247", "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-021-01069-1", "https://galaxyproject.org/projects/covid19/"]}
State regulation of sustainable development of rural areas in the system of food security of Ukraine
Creators: name: Fedchyshyn, Dmytro
name: Ignatenko, Iryna
name: Chyryk, Alyona
name: Danilik, Daria
Publisher: name: Visions for Sustainability
Year: 2023

description: Currently, the issue of sustainable development of rural areas is one of the most important areas of research. The relevance of the issue under consideration lies in the fact that economically stable and socially developed rural areas guarantee the stability, independence, and food security of the state. Therefore, the vector of their development should be a priority direction of state policy. The sustainable development of rural areas is currently being paid close attention not only in Ukraine, but throughout the world. The sustainable development of the territory implies an increase in the efficiency of production located on it, an increase in the standard of living of the population, the presence of a developed infrastructure in the territory, as well as solving the housing problems of the population, reducing unemployment, and so on. However, the current conditions prevailing in rural areas prevent the formation of socio-economic prerequisites for this process. As a result, we can state the absence of a mechanism that ensures sustainable socio-economic development of rural areas. This requires immediate cardinal changes in the development policy of rural areas of Ukraine to increase their sustainability. The purpose of this article is to identify factors that affect the functioning and development of rural areas and systemic problems that hinder the development of rural areas in Ukraine. Attention is focused on the formation of effective and efficient mechanisms for promoting the sustainable development of rural areas, as well as the development of a conceptual model for the sustainable development of rural areas. It is also necessary to identify priority areas of state policy for the period up to 2035 in the field of sustainable development of rural areas. Keywords: rural areas, sustainable development, food security, state regulation of rural areas development, strategy for sustainable development of rural areas, agricultural sector, agricultural products, agricultural production.
description: Visions for Sustainability, NEW Visions online
Spatially resolved fluorescence of caesium lead halide perovskite supercrystals reveals quasi-atomic behavior of nanocrystals
Creators: name: Lapkin, Dmitry
name: Kirsch, Christopher
name: Hiller, Jonas
name: Andrienko, Denis
name: Assalauova, Dameli
name: Braun, Kai
name: Carnis, Jerome
name: Kim, Young Yong
name: Mandal, Mukunda
name: Maier, Andre
name: Meixner, Alfred J.
name: Mukharamova, Nastasia
name: Scheele, Marcus
name: Schreiber, Frank
name: Sprung, Michael
name: Wahl, Jan
name: Westendorf, Sophia
name: Zaluzhnyy, Ivan A.
name: Vartanyants, Ivan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We correlate spatially resolved fluorescence (-lifetime) measurements with X-ray nanodiffraction to reveal surface defects in supercrystals of self-assembled caesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals and study their effect on the fluorescence properties. Upon comparison with density functional modelling, we show that a loss in structural coherence, an increasing atomic misalignment between adjacent nanocrystals, and growing compressive strain near the surface of the supercrystal are responsible for the observed fluorescence blueshift and decreased fluorescence lifetimes. Such surface defect-related optical properties extend the frequently assumed analogy between atoms and nanocrystals as so-called quasi-atoms. Our results emphasize the importance of minimizing strain during the self-assembly of perovskite nanocrystals into supercrystals for lighting application such as superfluorescent emitters.
description: 61 pages, 34 figures
La scoperta dell'America ad opera dei popoli sardo corso atlantidei
Creators: name: Usai, Luigi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In questo studio si propone una teoria innovativa che ipotizza la scoperta del continente americano da parte dei popoli sardo-corso atlantidei. Basandosi su prove archeologiche come il Fuente Magna, paralleli linguistici, tradizioni mitologiche e modelli migratori marittimi, si suggerisce che le antiche popolazioni dell'Atlantide sardo-corsa, con le loro avanzate conoscenze navali e geografiche, abbiano raggiunto le coste americane ben prima delle spedizioni europee documentate. Si esplorano similitudini culturali, tecnologiche e linguistiche tra le civiltà del blocco sardo-corso e antiche culture americane, senza ipotizzare uno scambio transatlantico preistorico: secondo questa ipotesi, infatti, i popoli migrati nelle americhe con grande probabilità non furono più in grado di tornare indietro.
Effective Hamiltonians and Lagrangians for conditioned Markov processes at large volume
Creators: name: Chabane, Lydia
name: Lazarescu, Alexandre
name: Verley, Gatien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When analysing statistical systems or stochastic processes, it is often interesting to ask how they behave given that some observable takes some prescribed value. This conditioning problem is well understood within the linear operator formalism based on rate matrices or Fokker-Planck operators, which describes the dynamics of many independent random walkers. Relying on certain spectral properties of the biased linear operators, guaranteed by the Perron-Frobenius theorem, an effective process can be found such that its path probability is equivalent to the conditional path probability. In this paper, we extend those results for nonlinear Markov processes that appear when the many random walkers are no longer independent, and which can be described naturally through a Lagrangian-Hamiltonian formalism within the theory of large deviations at large volume. We identify the appropriate spectral problem as being a Hamilton-Jacobi equation for a biased Hamiltonian, for which we conjecture that two special global solutions exist, replacing the Perron-Frobenius theorem concerning the positivity of the dominant eigenvector. We then devise a rectification procedure based on a canonical gauge transformation of the biased Hamiltonian, yielding an effective dynamics in agreement with the original conditioning. Along the way, we present simple examples in support of our conjecture, we examine its consequences on important physical objects such as the fluctuation symmetries of the biased and rectified processes as well as the dual dynamics obtained through time-reversal. We apply all those results to simple independent and interacting models, including a stochastic chemical reaction network and a population process called the Brownian Donkey.
description: 61 pages, 18 figures, authors are ordered in alphabetic order
Additional file 2 of Longitudinal assessment and stability of long non-coding RNA gene expression profiles measured in human peripheral whole blood collected into PAXgene blood RNA tubes
Creators: name: Lukasz S. Wylezinski
name: Shaginurova, Guzel I.
name: Spurlock, Charles F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. RNA sequencing data for annotated lncRNAs differentially expressed among healthy controls and MS patients.
Mean-field update in the JAM microscopic model: Mean-field effects on collective flow in high-energy heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2-20$ GeV energies
Creators: name: Nara, Yasushi
name: Ohnishi, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The beam energy dependence of the directed flow is a sensitive probe for the properties of strongly interacting matter. We consider different implementations of momentum-dependent hadronic mean fields in the relativistic quantum molecular dynamics (RQMD) framework. First, Lorentz scalar implementation of a Skyrme type potential is examined. Then, full implementation of the Skyrme type potential as a Lorentz vector in the RQMD approach is proposed. We find that scalar implementation of the Skyrme force is too weak to generate repulsion explaining observed data of sideward flows at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}<10$ GeV, while vector implementation gives collective flows compatible with the data for a wide range of beam energies $2.7 10$ GeV discovered by experiments. We discuss the dynamical generation mechanisms of the directed flow within a conventional hadronic mean field. A positive slope of proton directed flow is generated predominantly during compression stages of heavy-ion collisions by the strong repulsive interaction due to high baryon densities. In contrast, in the expansion stages of the collision, the negative directed flow is generated more strongly than the positive one by the tilted expansion and shadowing by the spectator matter. At lower collision energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}<10$ GeV, the positive flow wins against the negative flow because of a long compression time. On the other hand, at higher energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}>10$ GeV, negative flow wins because of shorter compression time and longer expansion time. A transition beam energy from positive to negative flow is highly sensitive to the strength of the interaction.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, typos fixed
Αναλύοντας τα ναρκωτικά βιασμού: Η τοξικολογική τους μελέτη και οι επιπτώσεις τους στα θύματα
Creators: name: Τσιανίκας, Ευάγγελος Μιχαήλ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ουσίες Βιασμού
Τοξικολογική Ανάλυση
Νομικές Μεταρρυθμίσεις
Date Rape Drugs
Toxicological Analysis
Legal Reforms

description: Στη σύγχρονη κοινωνία, η επιδίωξη της προσωπικής ελευθερίας και των κοινωνικών αλληλεπιδράσεων έχει βρεθεί αντιμέτωπη με μια ανησυχητική έξαρση μιας παράνομης απειλής - των ναρκωτικών βιασμού κατά τη διάρκεια του ραντεβού. Τα ναρκωτικά αυτά, που ορίζονται ως ουσίες που χορηγούνται κρυφά με σκοπό την ανικανότητα και την υπονόμευση της αυτονομίας των ατόμων, έχουν απλώσει μια σκοτεινή σκιά στο πλαίσιο της εμπιστοσύνης και της ασφάλειας στα κοινωνικά περιβάλλοντα. Η παρούσα μελέτη εμβαθύνει στο πολύπλευρο πεδίο των ναρκωτικών βιασμού, εξετάζοντας τα είδη τους, τις μεθόδους χορήγησης και τις βαθύτατες σωματικές και ψυχολογικές επιπτώσεις στα θύματα.
description: In modern society, the pursuit of personal freedom and social interactions has been faced with an alarming rise in an illegal threat - date rape drugs. These drugs, defined as substances administered covertly with the purpose of incapacitating and undermining the autonomy of individuals, have cast a dark shadow over the context of trust and safety in social settings. This study delves into the multifaceted field of rape drugs, examining their types, methods of administration and the profound physical and psychological effects on victims.
"Can the machines dance?": ambivalence and agrarian change in Eastern Rwanda
Creators: name: Mullikin, Justin Dodd
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation explores the complexities of agrarian change in Rwanda through the lens of land use consolidation (LUC), one ‘modernization’ policy among many that the Government of Rwanda (GoR) has relied on in an attempt to reorient rural communities and landscapes away from localized, subsistence economies and toward national development goals. As the policy has expanded over the past decade, the patchwork landscape of small, mixed-cropped plots has, in the most ‘successful’ LUC areas, been transformed into homogenous stretches of a handful of market-oriented crops. As the agrarian landscape has changed, so too have many of the communal practices and that once defined life in rural Rwanda. Focusing on three sites in Gatsibo District, located in eastern Rwanda, my research attempts to understand how farming communities navigate rapid socio-environmental change, the role of the Rwandan state in shaping agrarian landscapes and futures, and how the LUC policy is materially and discursively enacted through local leaders. This research, primarily conducted from November 2019 through June 2020, draws on interviews with farmers and GoR officials, focus group discussions with rural communities, Rwanda’s oral poetic tradition, and the materials, discourses, and tools that shape LUC and agrarian life. My research focuses on processes of alienation and commodification that, while generating income, have also resulted in a loss of communal ritual, poetics, and social cohesion, producing for many people an ambivalent mixture of nostalgia and hope regarding agrarian change. I elaborate on the ways in which the GoR mobilizes ‘good governance’ discourse and appropriates ‘cultural traditions’ to legitimize policies such as LUC in an attempt to maintain state cohesion. Finally, I focus on the role of local leaders as intermediaries who attempt to enact an idealized state policy that rarely coheres with the messy reality of agrarian life in Gatsibo. I argue that the modes of knowledge production, tools, and crops that comprise LUC are simplifying regimes that actively degrade the social reproductive functions of agrarian labor and ritual, making it increasingly difficult for communities to address collective, localized problems. At the same time, people continue to dream about the future and the often-delayed promises of prosperity that ‘modernization’ is meant to deliver. My work demonstrates the uneven, often unexpected, outcomes resulting from top-down development policies, the heterogeneity of environmental governance within strong states, and the intimate, affective connection between agricultural practice, social reproduction, and environmental change.
Symmetries of the Schroedinger-Pauli equations for charged particles and quasirelativistic Schroedinger equations
Creators: name: Nikitin, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35B06, 81-10

description: Lie symmetries of the Schroedinger-Pauli equations for charged particles and quasirelativistic Schroedinger equations are classified. In particular a new superintegrable system with spin-orbit coupling is discovered.
description: misprints are corrected
Additional file 3 of Longitudinal assessment and stability of long non-coding RNA gene expression profiles measured in human peripheral whole blood collected into PAXgene blood RNA tubes
Creators: name: Lukasz S. Wylezinski
name: Shaginurova, Guzel I.
name: Spurlock, Charles F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Schematic representation of the lncRNA stability study.
Exploring the high-redshift PBH-$Λ$CDM Universe: early black hole seeding, the first stars and cosmic radiation backgrounds
Creators: name: Cappelluti, Nico
name: Hasinger, Günther
name: Natarajan, Priyamvada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the observational implications of a model in which primordial black holes (PBHs) with a broad birth mass function ranging in mass from a fraction of a solar mass to $\sim$10$^6$ M$_{\odot}$, consistent with current observational limits, constitute the dark matter component in the Universe. The formation and evolution of dark matter and baryonic matter in this PBH-\LambdaCDM~Universe are presented. In this picture, PBH DM mini-halos collapse earlier than in standard \LambdaCDM, baryons cool to form stars at $z\sim15-20$, and growing PBHs at these early epochs start to accrete through Bondi capture. The volume emissivity of these sources peaks at $z\sim20$ and rapidly fades at lower redshifts. As a consequence, PBH DM could also provide a channel to make early black hole seeds and naturally account for the origin of an underlying dark matter halo - host galaxy and central black hole connection that manifests as the $M_{\rm bh}-σ$ correlation. To estimate the luminosity function and contribution to integrated emission power spectrum from these high-redshift PBH DM halos, we develop a Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) model. In addition to tracing the star formation and reionizaton history, it permits us to evaluate the Cosmic Infrared and X-ray Backgrounds (CIB and CXB). We find that accretion onto PBHs/AGN successfully accounts for the detected backgrounds and their cross-correlation, with the inclusion of an additional IR stellar emission component. Detection of the deep IR source count distribution by the JWST could reveal the existence of this population of high-redshift star-forming and accreting PBH DM.
description: 32 pages, 20 figures, accepted by ApJ on 10/22/2021
title: Повышение качества идентификации на основе генетической настройки параметров моделей нестационарных объектов
Creators: name: Ахатов, А.Р.
name: Исроилов, Н.О.
Publisher: name: Tashkent State Technical University Named after Islam Karimov
Year: 2018

description: Сформулирована проблема повышения качества идентификации случайных временных рядов (СВР), представляющих нестационарные объекты многоконтурных систем управления на основе эффективного поиска глобального и локальных экстремумов при рациональных параметрах моделей целевой функции оптимизации. Предложен новый подход к оптимизации поиска при рассмотрении статистических и динамических характеристик СВР в качестве особей поколения популяции, а также отражения множества координатных точек в пространстве эволюции в сторону оптимальных значений целевой функции. Разработан модифицированный генетический алгоритм (ГА) на основе совмещения, обобщения возможностей и использования свойств генетических операторов эволюционного моделирования. Введены процедуры статистической селекции популяции поисковых точек, исключения “неудачных” потомков, смены поколений особи на основе элиминирования и замены неперспективных особей. Исследована эффективность программного комплекса идентификации СВР на основе механизмов настройки параметров по рекуррентным зависимостям, традиционным и модифицированным ГА.
A torsion-balance search for ultra low-mass bosonic dark matter
Creators: name: Shaw, E. A.
name: Ross, M. P.
name: Hagedorn, C. A.
name: Adelberger, E. G.
name: Gundlach, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used a stationary torsion balance with a beryllium-aluminum composition dipole to search for ultra low-mass bosonic dark matter coupled to baryon minus lepton number. We set 95% confidence limits on the coupling constant $g_{\rm B-L}$ for bosons with masses between $10^{-18}$ and $10^{-16}$ eV/$c^2$ with the best performance at $m_{\rm DM} = 8\times 10^{-18}$ eV/$c^2$ constraining $g_{B-L}(\hbar c)^{-1/2} < 1 \times 10^{-25}$. This provides a complimentary limit to equivalence-principle experiments that search for ultra low-mass bosons as force-mediating particles.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 9 of Longitudinal assessment and stability of long non-coding RNA gene expression profiles measured in human peripheral whole blood collected into PAXgene blood RNA tubes
Creators: name: Lukasz S. Wylezinski
name: Shaginurova, Guzel I.
name: Spurlock, Charles F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 9: Figure S7. Summary of lncRNA and mRNA expression values and representative amplification plots for mRNAs and lncRNAs.
Orientational arrest in dense suspensions of elliptical particles under oscillatory shear flows
Creators: name: Yousefian, Zakiyeh
name: Trulsson, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the rheological response of dense suspensions of elliptical particles, with an aspect ratio equal to 3, under oscillatory shear flows and imposed pressure by numerical simulations. Like for the isotropic particles, we find that the oscillatory shear flows respect the Cox-Merz rule at large oscillatory strains but differ at low strains, with a lower viscosity than the steady shear and higher shear jamming packing fractions. However, unlike the isotropic cases (i.e., discs and spheres), frictionless ellipses get dynamically arrested in their initial orientational configuration at small oscillatory strains. We illustrate this by starting at two different configurations with different nematic order parameters and the average orientation of the particles. Surprisingly, the overall orientation in the frictionless case is uncoupled to the rheological response close to jamming, and the rheology is only controlled by the average number of contacts and the oscillatory strain. Having larger oscillatory strains or adding friction does, however, help the system escape these orientational arrested states, which are evolving to a disordered state independent of the initial configuration at low strains and ordered ones at large strains.
Thermodynamics of an Ising-like XXZ chain in a longitudinal magnetic field in the framework of the Quantum Transfer Matrix approach
Creators: name: Bibikov, P. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taking the Ising chain as a reference model we have derived a perturbative expression for the free energy density of the Heisenberg-Ising chain with strong easy-axis anisotropy. All calculations are performed on the ground of the Quantum Transfer Matrix approach. The obtained result agrees with the direct high-temperature expansion. It also agrees with the low-temperature cluster expansion in the special subregime when quantum fluctuations are weak against thermodynamical ones.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 8 of Longitudinal assessment and stability of long non-coding RNA gene expression profiles measured in human peripheral whole blood collected into PAXgene blood RNA tubes
Creators: name: Lukasz S. Wylezinski
name: Shaginurova, Guzel I.
name: Spurlock, Charles F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 8: Figure S6. Digitally captured full size electropherogram of total RNA samples processed for RNA Integrity Number analysis.
Beyond Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relations: nonlinear response, error-dissipation trade-offs, and speed limits
Creators: name: Falasco, Gianmaria
name: Esposito, Massimiliano
name: Delvenne, Jean-Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From a recent geometric generalization of Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relations (TURs) we derive novel upper bounds on the nonlinear response of an observable of an arbitrary system undergoing a change of probabilistic state. Various relaxations of these bounds allow to recover well known bounds such as (strengthenings of) Cramer-Rao's and Pinsker's inequalities. In particular we obtain a master inequality, named Symmetric Response Intensity Relation, which recovers several TURs as particular cases. We employ this set of bounds for three physical applications. First, we derive a trade-off between thermodynamic cost (dissipated free energy) and reliability of systems switching instantly between two states, such as one-bit memories. We derive in particular a lower bound of $2.8 k_BT$ per Shannon bit to write a bit in such a memory, a bound distinct from Landauer's one. Second, we obtain a new family of classic speed limits which provide lower bounds for non-autonomous Markov processes on the time needed to transition between two probabilistic states in terms of a thermodynamic quantity (e.g. non-equilibrium free energy) and a kinetic quantity (e.g. dynamical activity). Third, we provide an upper bound on the nonlinear response of a system based solely on the `complexity' of the system (which we relate to a high entropy and non-uniformity of the probabilities). We find that `complex' models (e.g. with many states) are necessarily fragile to some perturbations, while simple systems are robust, in that they display a low response to arbitrary perturbations.
description: 23 pages + appendix
Steuerung und Regulierung von CE als Herausforderung für Recht, Politik und Gesellschaft
Creators: name: Ruddigkeit, Dana
name: Kleiner, Larissa
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: Control of CE, regulation of CE, challenge for law, challenge for politics and society, climate engineering and climate policies, CE and"classical" mitigation measure,CDR and climate change.

description: Control and regulation of CE as a challenge for law, politics and society: This chapter identifies challenges in integrating climate engineering (CE) into existing climate policies and outlines the extent to which CE options could, at worst, even weaken climate mitigation efforts by allowing organizations to succumb to the temptation to view CE as a substitute for emissions reductions. We also explain the current state of CE regulation and CE research, and how CE is fundamentally different from "classical" mitigation measures. Based on this, we discuss what guiding principles would be needed to enable environmentally sound integration of CDR into the existing climate change regime. In our view, SRM measures cannot be reasonably integrated into the current regime.
High precision differential clock comparisons with a multiplexed optical lattice clock
Creators: name: Zheng, Xin
name: Dolde, Jonathan
name: Lochab, Varun
name: Merriman, Brett N.
name: Li, Haoran
name: Kolkowitz, Shimon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rapid progress in the precision and accuracy of optical atomic clocks over the last decade has advanced the frontiers of timekeeping, metrology, and quantum science. However, the stabilities of most optical clocks remain limited by the local oscillator rather than the atoms themselves, leaving room for further progress. Here we implement a "multiplexed" one-dimensional optical lattice clock, in which spatially-resolved, movable ensembles of ultra-cold strontium atoms are trapped in the same optical lattice, interrogated simultaneously by a shared clock laser, and read-out in parallel. By performing synchronized Ramsey interrogations of ensemble pairs we observe atom-atom coherence times up to 26 seconds, a 270-fold improvement over the atom-laser coherence time, demonstrate a relative stability of $9.7(4)\times10^{-18}/\sqrtτ$ (where $τ$ is the averaging time in seconds), and reach a fractional uncertainty of $8.9(3)\times 10^{-20}$ after 3.3 hours of averaging. These results demonstrate that applications requiring ultra-high-precision comparisons between optical atomic clocks need not be limited by the stability of the local oscillator. With multiple ensemble pairs, we realize a miniaturized clock network consisting of 6 atom ensembles, resulting in 15 unique pairwise clock comparisons with relative stabilities below $3\times10^{-17}/\sqrtτ$. Finally, we demonstrate the capability to simultaneously load spatially-resolved, heterogeneous ensemble pairs of all four stable isotopes of strontium in a lattice. The unique capabilities offered by this platform pave the way for future studies of precision isotope shift measurements, spatially resolved characterization of limiting clock systematics, development of clock-based gravitational wave and dark matter detectors, and novel tests of relativity including measurements of the gravitational redshift at sub-centimeter scales.
description: Main text: 17 pages, 4 figures, 59 references. Extended data: 5 figures, 2 tables. Supplementary information: 12 pages, 8 figures, 8 references