cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The use of ultrasound for assessment of muscle area and depth in postmortem preweaned Holstein dairy calves
Creators: name: Davis, J. H.
name: Rossow, H. A.
name: Barker, C. M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Real-time ultrasound is a noninvasive, quantifiable method of measuring body composition in livestock. Ultrasound has not been used to document changes in body composition in preweaned calves. The prewean growth period is a critical stage of calf development. An assessment of growth may include weighing of calves or postmortem evaluation of fat deposits in the perirenal area and coronary groove. None of these parameters offer real-time information, and an antemortem evaluation of body condition is needed. The purpose of this study was to validate the use of ultrasound for the measurement of the longissimus dorsi muscle (ribeye) linear depth and the external carpi radialis (front) and the semitendinosus (hind) muscle area in postmortem preweaned Holstein calves. Our objective was to determine the relationship between the carcass and ultrasound measurements for the ribeye depth and the front and hind muscle area. If validated, ultrasound may be used antemortemly in future scientific studies to assess muscle deposition in preweaned calves.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Clinical outcome comparison of immediate blanket treatment versus a delayed pathogen based treatment protocol for clinical mastitis in a New York dairy herd
Creators: name: Vasquez, A.
name: Nydam, D.
name: Capel, M.
name: Eicker, S.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Clinical mastitis (CM) has a high incidence on dairy farms, creating economic losses due to discarded milk, reduced production, premature culling, and treatment costs. Current practice on many dairies is the immediate treatment of all cases with intramammary (IMM) antibiotics or "blanket therapy.” The use of a treatment protocol based on pathogen results about 24h after mastitis detection has potential to sufficiently and efficiently reduce IMM antibiotic use. The purpose of this study was to compare blanket therapy to a pathogen-based treatment protocol.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Economic comparison of immediate blanket treatment versus a delayed pathogen-based treatment protocol for clinical mastitis in a New York dairy herd
Creators: name: Capel, M.
name: Nydam, D. V.
name: Vasquez, A.
name: Eicker, S.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Clinical mastitis (CM) is one of the most economically important diseases in the dairy industry due to its high incidence and associated costs from decreased production, premature culling, mortality, discarded milk, and treatment expense. The industry is in need of mastitis treatment protocols that minimize antibiotic use while having minimal impact on therapeutic success. Pathogen based mastitis therapy has the potential for targeted use of intramammary (IMM) antibiotics, avoiding their overuse, reducing treatment costs, and increasing saleable milk. The objective of this study was to compare the economic impact of blanket IMM therapy with a pathogen based treatment approach. A partial budget analysis was used to compare the differences in the two approaches relative to cost of therapy, time spent in the hospital pen, and milk discarded using measured outcomes from an on-farm clinical trial.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Additional file 2: Table S2. of Frequency, characteristics and risk factors of QT interval prolonging drugs and drug-drug interactions in cancer patients: a multicenter study
Creators: name: Khan, Qasim
name: Ismail, Mohammad
name: Sehrash Khan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Frequency of QT-DDIs along with their levels and TdP risks of drugs involved in these QT-DDIs stratified with respect to various types of cancer. (PDF 170Â kb)
Sensorimotor adaptation in virtual reality: Do instructions and body representation influence aftereffects?
Creators: name: Wähnert, Svetlana
name: Schäfer, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: (4–6) Error attribution
subject: Object identity
subject: Sensorimotor adaptation
subject: Aftereffects
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: Perturbations in virtual reality (VR) lead to sensorimotor adaptation during exposure, but also to aftereffects once the perturbation is no longer present. An experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of different task instructions and body representation on the magnitude and the persistence of these aftereffects. Participants completed the paradigm of sensorimotor adaptation in VR. They were assigned to one of three groups: control group, misinformation group or arrow group. The misinformation group and the arrow group were each compared to the control group to examine the effects of instruction and body representation. The misinformation group was given the incorrect instruction that in addition to the perturbation, a random error component was also built into the movement. The arrow group was presented a virtual arrow instead of a virtual hand. It was hypothesised that both would lead to a lower magnitude and persistence of the aftereffect because the object identity between hand and virtual representation would be reduced, and errors would be more strongly attributed to external causes. Misinformation led to lower persistence, while the arrow group showed no significant differences compared to the control group. The results suggest that information about the accuracy of the VR system can influence the aftereffects, which should be considered when developing VR instructions. No effects of body representation were found. One possible explanation is that the manipulated difference between abstract and realistic body representation was too small in terms of object identity.
Design and experimental test of an optical vortex coronagraph
Creators: name: Liu, Chengchao
name: Ren, Deqing
name: Zhu, Yongtian
name: Dou, Jiangpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical vortex coronagraph (OVC) is one of the promising ways for direct imaging exoplanets because of its small inner working angle and high throughput. This paper presents the design and laboratory demonstration performance at 633nm and 1520nm of the OVC based on liquid crystal polymers (LCP). Two LCPs has been manufactured in partnership with a commercial vendor. The OVC can deliver a good performance in laboratory test and achieve the contrast of the order 10^-6 at angular distance 3λ/D, which is able to image the giant exoplanets at a young stage in combination with extreme adaptive optics.
description: 8 pages and 6 figures. Accepted by Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics (RAA)
The use of chromogenic culture media for on-farm identification of milk pathogens associated with mastitis in dairy cows
Creators: name: Ganda, E. K.
name: Bisinotto, R. S.
name: Decter, D. H.
name: Bicalho, R. C.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Clinical mastitis is a highly prevalent and costly disease to the dairy industry. In fact, mastitis is the major cause of antibiotic use in dairy herds and represents a large portion of animal health expenses. Selective treatment based on on-farm culture of milk pathogens decreased antibiotic usage by 50% without impairing health and production traits. However, increasing the range of microorganisms to be identified often reduces accuracy for observers without microbiological training. Chromogenic culture media (CCM) has been used for pathogen identification in human and animal specimens. Chromogenic culture media allows for rapid and accurate characterization of a broad spectrum of microorganisms based on media selectivity and color change. Hence, the objectives were to develop an on-farm CCM system for identification of milk pathogens associated with clinical mastitis (Accumast). Accuracy of Accumast was evaluated based on results from Cornell Quality Milk Production Services and identification of cultured pathogens using 16S rRNA sequencing.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Constraining unparticle physics from $CP$ violation in Cabibbo-favored decays of D mesons
Creators: name: Ettefaghi, Mohammadmahdi
name: Moazzemi, Reza
name: Rousta, Mohsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the standard model, the Cabibbo-favored (CF) decays are $CP$ conserve at tree level. Observation of any finite $CP$ asymmetry can be received as a signal of new physics. In CF charm meson decays, $ D^0 \rightarrow K^- π^+ $ and $ D^+ \rightarrow K_s^0 π^+ $, the following experimental values for their $CP$ asymmetry are reported, respectively: ($0.3 \pm 0.7$) % and ($-0.41 \pm 0.09$) %. The value of the later can be attributed to the mixing of $ K^0 $ and $ \overline{K^0} $, however, its contribution is about ($-0.332 \pm 0.006 $) %. In this paper, we use these experimental results to constrain the unparticle stuff as a new physics which may contribute to these $CP$ asymmetries.
description: 10 pages, revtex4-1 style, to appear in PRD
Milk yield and survival analysis in Holstein dairy cows after removing a quarter from production
Creators: name: Simons, J. C.
name: Ollivett, T. L.
name: Cook, N. B.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Mastitis is a costly disease of dairy cattle due to therapeutic interventions, labor, and reduced premiums secondary to elevated bulk tank somatic cell counts. In addition to antibiotic treatments and supportive care, refractory cases of mastitis can be managed by removing the affected quarter from production. Currently, there is a paucity of data on the impact of a 3-teat event in lactating dairy cows. Inadequate record keeping likely contributes to this lack of information. Interestingly, one herd in northeastern Wisconsin has documented 3-teat events over the past several years. Therefore, the objective of this retrospective study was to describe the population of animals affected by a 3-teat event and the impact of this event on lactating cow performance and survival.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Quantum speedup of the Travelling Salesman Problem for bounded-degree graphs
Creators: name: Moylett, Alexandra E.
name: Linden, Noah
name: Montanaro, Ashley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Travelling Salesman Problem is one of the most famous problems in graph theory. However, little is currently known about the extent to which quantum computers could speed up algorithms for the problem. In this paper, we prove a quadratic quantum speedup when the degree of each vertex is at most 3 by applying a quantum backtracking algorithm to a classical algorithm by Xiao and Nagamochi. We then use similar techniques to accelerate a classical algorithm for when the degree of each vertex is at most 4, before speeding up higher-degree graphs via reductions to these instances.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Behavioral evaluation of the analgesic effects of flunixin meglumine in lame dairy cows
Creators: name: Wagner, S. A.
name: Manning, B. H.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Lameness is a commonly occurring condition in dairy cows in the United States and worldwide. There is substantial evidence that lameness alters the behavior of affected dairy cows in ways that indicate the presence of pain, including increased time spent lying down each day, alterations in locomotion, and increased shifting of weight between the rear limbs. There is also evidence that treatment of lame dairy cows with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can reduce behavioral signs of pain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the NSAID flunixin meglumine on lameness-related behavior in dairy cows.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Optimal domain spaces in Orlicz-Sobolev embeddings
Creators: name: Cianchi, Andrea
name: Musil, Vít
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E35, 46E30

description: We deal with Orlicz-Sobolev embeddings in open subsets of $\mathbb{R}^n$. A necessary and sufficient condition is established for the existence of an optimal, i.e. largest possible, Orlicz-Sobolev space continuously embedded into a given Orlicz space. Moreover, the optimal Orlicz-Sobolev space is exhibited whenever it exists. Parallel questions are addressed for Orlicz-Sobolev embeddings into Orlicz spaces with respect to a Frostman measure, and, in particular, for trace embeddings on the boundary.
description: 27 pages
Cannabidiol Strengthening of Gastric Tight Junction Complexes Analyzed in an Improved Xenopus Oocyte Assay
Creators: name: Stein, Laura
name: Vollstaedt, Marie-Luise
name: Amasheh, Salah
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: claudins
subject: epithelial barrier
subject: Xenopus oocytes
subject: tight junction
subject: heterologous expression
subject: stomach
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Cannabidiol (CBD), the non-psychoactive compound derived from the cannabis plant, has gained attention in recent years as a remedy against gastrointestinal disorders ranging from nausea and inflammation to abdominal pain. Recent advances demonstrated an effect on inflammatory pathways and barrier proteins. However, information on possible direct effects is scarce and needs to be addressed, as applications are currently increasing in popularity. To accomplish this, we have employed Xenopus laevis oocytes as a heterologous expression system for analysis of the direct effects on stomach-specific claudins and further developed tight junction (TJ) protein interaction assays. Human claudin-4, claudin-5, and claudin-18.2 were expressed in Xenopus oocytes, clustered in pairs to form contact areas, and analyzed in a two-cell model approach, including measurement of the contact area and contact strength. CLDN4/5/18 + CLDN4/5/18 oocyte pairs were incubated with 20 µM CBD or with 40 µM CBD and were compared to cells without CBD treatment (ctrl). For interaction analysis, the contact area was measured after 24 h and 48 h. Whereas CBD did not affect the size of the protein interaction area, Double Orbital Challenge experiments revealed an increased contact strength after 24 h incubation with CBD. In addition, the Xenopus oocyte experiments were accompanied by an analysis of claudin-4, -5, and -18 expression in gastric epithelium by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Claudin-4, -5, and -18 were strongly expressed, indicating a major role for gastric epithelial barrier function. In summary, our study shows direct effects of 40 µM CBD on Xenopus oocytes heterologously expressing a stomach-specific claudin combination, indicating a supportive and beneficial effect of CBD on gastric TJ proteins.
title: Die Stapediusreflexschwelle an Normalhörigen – Vergleich von Messungen mit Freifeld- und Sondenstimulation
Creators: name: Dageförde, Gregor
name: Plotz, Karsten
name: Schmitt, K.
name: Dziemba, Oliver
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Der Stapediusreflex spannt bei hohen Pegeln, ab etwa 80 dBHL, die Ossikelkette im Mittelohr, wodurch die Weiterleitung zum Innenohr, durch eine Änderung der Admittanz erschwert wird und dieses vor hohen Pegeln geschützt wird. Der Reflex wird im Normalfall bilateral ausgelöst, unabhängig[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 22. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Audiologie
Radial Variations of the Volume- and Surface-Star Formation Laws in the Galaxy
Creators: name: Sofue, Yoshiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variation of the volume- and surface-Schmidt laws (star-formation or SF law) with the galacto-centric distance R was investigated using 3D distributions of HII regions, HI, and molecular (H_2) gases in the Milky Way. Both the power-law index and SF coefficient were found to be variable with R. The index is flatter in the inner disc than in the outer Galaxy, and the coefficient is larger in the inner disc, decreasing steeply outward. There is also a mutual anti-correlation between the index and SF coefficient, and the SF law can be expressed by a single-parameter function of the SF coefficient. The variable SF law is discussed in relation to the self-regulation star formation.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, accepted for MNRAS
title: Towards a green future – Where is the critical raw material resource potential in Europe?
Creators: name:  de Oliveira,  Daniel P.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: The “Green Future”; a concept of desirable European climate-neutral living conditions, which is the goal of the EU Green Deal means a huge increase in the use of mineral raw materials. Minerals are an essential component for many of today’s rapidly growing clean energy technologies – from wind turbines and electricity networks to electric vehicles. But ensuring that these and other key technologies can continue to rely on sufficient mineral supplies to support the acceleration of clean energy transitions is a significant and often-ignored challenge. As an example, the frequency of new discoveries has fallen even with a significant increase in exploration budgets. Between 2007 and 2016, ~54B€ were spent for a return of 25B€ of gold - an unsustainable exercise! Therefore, a new way of approaching mineral exploration must be adopted and traditional methods of exploring for greenfield mineral deposits need to be rethought to cushion this trend. The need to bring these deposits faster on-line in the value chains of the circular economy, and the transformation into green technology items, needs modern and updated tools. Data integration and geographic information system (GIS) based analyses, which can improve exploration and detection of mineral deposits in Europe and elsewhere, are among those tools. However, the use of new exploration techniques needs to be allied with new geological, geochemical, geophysical, and drilling data and, most importantly, access to the territory to evidence Europe’s new mineral potential.
Experimental infection of pregnant sheep with bovine viral diarrhea virus 1b (AU526)
Creators: name: Kuca, T.
name: Passler, T.
name: Riddell, K. P.
name: Neill, J. D.
name: Newcomer, B. W.
name: Walz, P. H.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) lacks strict host specificity and can infect many species in the order Artiodactyla. BVDV infection in pregnant heterologous hosts can be deleterious. Limited information exists regarding genomic changes occurring in BVDV upon infection of heterologous hosts. Using a BVDV isolate previously demonstrated to cause PI cattle, goats, and white-tailed deer, this study investigated the outcome of serial infection in pregnant BVDV-naive sheep, a heterologous species that is phylogenetically closely related to cattle.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
title: Modellvergleich zur Bestimmung der Ortsfrequenz auf der Basilarmembran
Creators: name: Neumayer, Hannah-Lina
name: Adel, Youssef
name: Baumann, Uwe
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Eine besondere Eigenschaft der Cochlea besteht darin, dass beim normalen Hörvorgang Schwingungen bestimmter Frequenz an einem charakteristischen Ort der Basilarmembran ihr Amplitudenmaximum ausbilden und so vor allem die zugehörigen Haarzellen sowie deren Nervenfasern stimulieren (Tonotopie).[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 22. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Audiologie
Adapting a self-efficacy scale to the task of teaching scientific reasoning: collecting evidence for its psychometric quality using Rasch measurement
Creators: name: Welter, Virginia Deborah Elaine
name: Dawborn-Gundlach, Merryn
name: Großmann, Leroy
name: Krell, Moritz
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: self-efficacy
subject: scientific reasoning
subject: rating scale
subject: STEBI
subject: Rasch measurement theory
subject: item response theory
subject: validation
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Besides teachers' professional knowledge, their self-efficacy is a crucial aspect in promoting students' scientific reasoning (SR). However, because no measurement instrument has yet been published that specifically refers to self-efficacy beliefs regarding the task of teaching SR, we adapted the Science Teaching Efficacy Belief Instrument (STEBI) accordingly, resulting in the Teaching Scientific Reasoning Efficacy Beliefs Instrument (TSR-EBI). While the conceptual framework of the TSR-EBI is comparable to that of the STEBI in general terms, it goes beyond it in terms of specificity, acknowledging the fact that teaching SR requires very specific knowledge and skills that are not necessarily needed to the same extent for promoting other competencies in science education. To evaluate the TSR-EBI's psychometric quality, we conducted two rounds of validation. Both samples (N1 = 114; N2 = 74) consisted of pre-service teachers enrolled in university master's programs in Germany. The collected data were analyzed by applying Rasch analysis and known-group comparisons. In the course of an analysis of the TSR-EBI's internal structure, we found a 3-category scale to be superior to a 5-category structure. The person and item reliability of the scale proved to be satisfactory. Furthermore, during the second round of validation, it became clear that the results previously found for the 3-category scale were generally replicable across a new (but comparable) sample, which clearly supports the TSR-EBI's psychometric quality. Moreover, in terms of test-criterion relationships, the scale was also able to discriminate between groups that are assumed to have different levels of self-efficacy regarding teaching SR. Nonetheless, some findings also suggest that the scale might benefit from having the selection of individual items reconsidered (despite acceptable item fit statistics). On balance, however, we believe that the TSR-EBI has the potential to provide valuable insights in future studies regarding factors that influence teachers' self-efficacy, such as their professional experiences, prior training, or perceived barriers to effective teaching.
Can rational choice guide us to correct {\em de se} beliefs?
Creators: name: Conitzer, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Significant controversy remains about what constitute correct self-locating beliefs in scenarios such as the Sleeping Beauty problem, with proponents on both the "halfer" and "thirder" sides. To attempt to settle the issue, one natural approach consists in creating decision variants of the problem, determining what actions the various candidate beliefs prescribe, and assessing whether these actions are reasonable when we step back. Dutch book arguments are a special case of this approach, but other Sleeping Beauty games have also been constructed to make similar points. Building on a recent article (James R.~Shaw. {\em De se} belief and rational choice. {\em Synthese}, 190(3):491-508, 2013), I show that in general we should be wary of such arguments, because unintuitive actions may result for reasons that are unrelated to the beliefs. On the other hand, I show that, when we restrict our attention to {\em additive} games, then a thirder will necessarily maximize her {\em ex ante} expected payout, but a halfer in some cases will not (assuming causal decision theory). I conclude that this does not necessarily settle the issue and speculate about what might.
description: This paper appears in {\em Synthese}, Volume 192, Issue 12, pp. 4107-4119, December 2015. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-015-0737-x
The use of trans-abdominal ultrasound for pregnancy detection and fetal aging before day 45 of gestation in the sheep
Creators: name: Jones, A. K.
name: Gately, R. E.
name: McFadden, K. K.
name: Zinn, S. A.
name: Govoni, K. E.
name: Reed, S. A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Trans-abdominal ultrasound is a reliable technique for pregnancy detection in the small ruminant, and has become increasingly adaptable to field conditions in a production setting. Currently, limited information is available related to early pregnancy detection and estimating fetal age using this technique. Therefore, our objective was to determine the accuracy of trans-abdominal ultrasound during early pregnancy in the ewe. We hypothesized that trans-abdominal ultrasound is sensitive enough to distinguish reproductive status, and determine fetal age and number before day 40 of gestation.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Additional file 1: of Active versus passive adverse event reporting after pediatric chiropractic manual therapy: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Pohlman, Katherine
name: Carroll, Linda
name: Tsuyuki, Ross
name: Hartling, Lisa
name: Vohra, Sunita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: SPIRIT 2013 Checklist. (PDF 48 kb)
Nebulization therapy in small ruminants, 21 cases
Creators: name: Smith, J. S.
name: Heller, M. C.
name: Angelos, J. A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Nebulization therapies are commonly used in humans and small animals. Currently there are published reports on nebulization therapy in horses and calves, but no studies describing this therapy have been reported in small ruminants. The objectives of this study were to identify the agents and dosages utilized for nebulization therapy in small ruminants at a university teaching hospital. Additional objectives were to describe outcomes vs non-nebulized cases and report any complications arising from therapy.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Generalising the coupling between spacetime and matter
Creators: name: Carloni, Sante
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the idea that the coupling between matter and spacetime is more complex than the one originally envisioned by Einstein. We propose that such coupling takes the form of a new fundamental tensor in the Einstein field equations. We then show that the introduction of this tensor can account for dark phenomenology in General Relativity, maintaining a weak field limit compatible with standard Newtonian gravitation. The same paradigm can be applied any other theory of gravitation. We show, as an example, that in the context of conformal gravity a generalised coupling is able to solve compatibility issues between the matter and the gravitational sector.
description: 11 pages, no figures, to appear on Physics letters B
Historical earthquake records in the Weihe Basin, central China and new insights for geothermal genesis
Creators: name: Zhou, Bing
name: Zhang, Yancheng
name: Kuang, Jian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: earthquake
subject: geothermal resources
subject: tectonic activity
subject: Weihe basin
subject: geothermal genesis
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: The Weihe Basin, located in central China, stands out for its significant earthquake activity while concurrently harboring promising geothermal reservoirs. The potential association between these two geological occurrences and the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. Here, we compile a catalog of historic earthquakes, total strain data, data related to crustal mantle structure, surface heat flow data, and heat production data of the rocks in the Weihe Basin. Our aim is to unveil the intricate interplay among the occurrence of earthquakes, tectonic activity, and the genesis of geothermal resources. Our findings reveal that earthquake activity in the Weihe Basin is regulated by the responses of faults or fractures intricately influenced by regional tectonics. These tectonic processes are responsible for the formation of favorable geothermal resources beneath the basin. We propose there is a weak zone beneath the basin, which is controlled by a combination of tectonic processes and the flow of the asthenosphere. We finally establish a comprehensive model to visualize the genesis of the occurrence of earthquakes and the formation of geothermal resources. These results have important guiding significance for future research endeavors in the realms of both geothermal exploration and earthquake investigations within the Weihe Basin.
Topical Delivery of Tofacitinib in Dermatology: The Promise of a Novel Therapeutic Class Using Biodegradable Dendritic Polyglycerol Sulfates
Creators: name: Zabihi, Fatemeh
name: Cherri, Mariam
name: Guo, Xiao
name: Rancan, Fiorenza
name: Schumacher, Fabian
name: Mohammadifar, Ehsan
name: Kleuser, Burkhard
name: Bäumer, Wolfgang
name: Schirner, Michael
name: Vogt, Annika
name: Haag, Rainer
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: inflammatory skin disease
subject: JAK-STAT
subject: tofacitinib
subject: ex-vivo skin model
subject: dPGS-PCL
subject: interfollicular delivery
subject: nanoparticles
subject: squalene
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Inflammatory skin diseases, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and alopecia areata, occur when the regulatory tolerance of the innate immune system is disrupted, resulting in the activation of the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) inflammatory signaling pathway by interleukin 6 (IL-6) and other key inflammatory cytokines. JAK inhibitors, such as tofacitinib, bind to these enzymes which are coupled to receptors on cell surfaces and block the transcription of inflammatory cytokine-induced genes. The first topical applications are being marketed, yet insufficient effects regarding indications, such as alopecia areata, suggest that improved delivery technologies could help increase the efficacy. In this study, we used sulfated dendritic polyglycerol with caprolactone segments integrated in its backbone (dPGS-PCL), with a molecular weight of 54 kDa, as a degradable carrier to load and solubilize the hydrophobic drug tofacitinib (TFB). TFB loaded in dPGS-PCL (dPGS-PCL@TFB), at a 11 w/w% loading capacity in aqueous solution, showed in an ex-vivo human skin model better penetration than free TFB in a 30:70 (v/v) ethanol/water mixture. We also investigated the anti-inflammatory efficacy of dPGS-PCL@TFB (0.5 w/w%), dPGS-PCL, and free TFB in the water/ethanol mixture by measuring their effects on IL-6 and IL-8 release, and STAT3 and STAT5 activation in ex vivo skin models of simulated inflamed human skin. Our results suggest that dPGS-PCL@TFB reduces the activation of STAT3 and STAT5 by increasing the penetration of the tofacitinib. However, no statistically significant differences with respect to the inhibition of IL-6 and IL-8 were observed in this short incubation time.
Removing visual bias in filament identification: a new goodness-of-fit measure
Creators: name: Green, C. -E.
name: Cunningham, M. R.
name: Dawson, J. R.
name: Jones, P. A.
name: Novak, G.
name: Fissel, L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different combinations of input parameters to filament identification algorithms, such as Disperse and FilFinder, produce numerous different output skeletons. The skeletons are a one pixel wide representation of the filamentary structure in the original input image. However, these output skeletons may not necessarily be a good representation of that structure. Furthermore, a given skeleton may not be as good a representation as another. Previously there has been no mathematical `goodness-of-fit' measure to compare output skeletons to the input image. Thus far this has been assessed visually, introducing visual bias. We propose the application of the mean structural similarity index (MSSIM) as a mathematical goodness-of-fit measure. We describe the use of the MSSIM to find the output skeletons most mathematically similar to the original input image (the optimum, or `best', skeletons) for a given algorithm, and independently of the algorithm. This measure makes possible systematic parameter studies, aimed at finding the subset of input parameter values returning optimum skeletons. It can also be applied to the output of non-skeleton based filament identification algorithms, such as the Hessian matrix method. The MSSIM removes the need to visually examine thousands of output skeletons, and eliminates the visual bias, subjectivity, and limited reproducibility inherent in that process, representing a major improvement on existing techniques. Importantly, it also allows further automation in the post-processing of output skeletons, which is crucial in this era of `big data'.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJL, April 2017
title: Beeinflusst luftgeleiteter Ultraschall die kognitive Leistung?
Creators: name: Bug, Marion
name: Brühl, Rüdiger
name: Weichenberger, Markus
name: Hensel, Johannes
name: Schöneweiß, Robert
name: Kühn, Simone
name: Koch, Christian
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: In der heutigen Zeit existieren sowohl in Arbeitsumgebungen als auch im alltäglichen Umfeld Schallquellen, die luftgeleiteten Ultraschall emittieren. Die Exposition mit luftgeleitetem Ultraschall betrifft eine potentiell große Personenzahl und wirft die Frage auf, inwiefern dieser eine mögliche[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 22. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Audiologie
title: Erfahrungen mit Implantation und Anpassung des Carina-Vollimplantats
Creators: name: Seidler, Hannes
name: Lailach, Susen
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Seit 2017 wurden im Uniklinikum Dresden bis jetzt 22 Patienten mit dem Mittelohr-Vollimplantat "Carina" der Firma Cochlear versorgt. Bei diesem Implantat sind nicht nur die Elektronik, Datenübertragung und die Batterie in einem Bauteil hinter dem Ohr platziert sondern auch das Mikrofon[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 22. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Audiologie
Choices of Research Methodologies on Climate Change Adaptation Especially Focusing on Agriculture Sector: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Maharjan, Shree Kumar
name: Maharjan, Keshav Lall
name: Maharjan, Shree Kumar
name: Maharjan, Keshav Lall
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: adaptation
subject: agriculture
subject: climate change
subject: participatory approaches
subject: research methodologies

description: A rapid increase in climate researches by applying diverse methodologies and approaches in recent decades. These researches have directly or indirectly contributed in better understanding of climate issues, risks and vulnerabilities. It has improved awareness and capacities of the public and communities to adapt to the vulnerabilities and impacts. It, further, contributes in formulation of climate policies and plans to address climate risks and vulnerabilities at the local and national levels. Appropriate methodologies lead to better results in the researches. This paper has applied systematic review of the published papers (2010 -2017) to understand the general and specific research methodologies in climate discourse especially in Web of Science (WS), Springer Link (SL) and Science Direct (SD). Altogether, 37 journal papers (10 WS, 13 SL and 14 SD) were selected for the detail analysis based on the assessment of abstracts, which was mainly concentrated on research methodologies specializing in agriculture. In the process, the authors have analyzed the contents, research methodologies, data analysis, and geographical coverages. The analysis, further, concentrated on the scope and limitations of the research methodologies used. Wide-ranging research methodologies are found that are applied by the researchers in the climate change discourse. Some researchers have applied general research methodologies whereas others have used specific research methodologies and model analysis. Furthermore, it is comprehended that the combination of research methodologies and approaches through focus group discussion together with household survey and model analysis is the effective way for the research by using quantitative and qualitative data.
Low-energy Structural Dynamics of Ferroelectric Domain Walls in Hexagonal Rare-earth Manganites
Creators: name: Wu, Xiaoyu
name: Petralanda, Urko
name: Zheng, Lu
name: Ren, Yuan
name: Hu, Rongwei
name: Cheong, Sang-Wook
name: Artyukhin, Sergey
name: Lai, Keji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Domain walls (DWs) in ferroic materials, across which the order parameter abruptly changes its orientation, can host emergent properties that are absent in the bulk domains. Using a broadband ($10^6-10^{10}$ Hz) scanning impedance microscope, we show that the electrical response of the interlocked antiphase boundaries and ferroelectric domain walls in hexagonal rare-earth manganites ($h-RMnO_3$) is dominated by the bound-charge oscillation rather than free-carrier conduction at the DWs. As a measure of the rate of energy dissipation, the effective conductivity of DWs on the (001) surfaces of $h-RMnO_3$ at GHz frequencies is drastically higher than that at dc, while the effect is absent on surfaces with in-plane polarized domains. First-principles and model calculations indicate that the frequency range and selection rules are consistent with the periodic sliding of the DW around its equilibrium position. This acoustic-wave-like mode, which is associated with the synchronized oscillation of local polarization and apical oxygen atoms, is localized perpendicular to the DW but free to propagate along the DW plane. Our results break the ground to understand structural DW dynamics and exploit new interfacial phenomena for novel devices.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Biochar Effects on Carbon Stocks in the Coffee Agroforestry Systems of the Himalayas
Creators: name: Dahal, Ngamindra
name: Bajracharya, Roshan Man
name: Wagle, Lal Mani
name: Dahal, Ngamindra
name: Bajracharya, Roshan Man
name: Wagle, Lal Mani
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: mountain farmers
subject: coffee waste
subject: biochar
subject: aboveground carbon stocks
subject: soil organic carbon
subject: hill agricultural systems and biochar treated soils

description: Coffee agroforestry is an emerging agricultural practice in the mid hills of Nepal. Smallholder farmers of low-income strata have progressively adopted coffee as a perennial crop over seasonal crops. A multi-year study was conducted to test effects of locally produced biochar derived from coffee wastes, e.g., pulp and husks, on carbon stocks of: i) coffee trees, and, ii) soil organic carbon (SOC) in selected coffee growing pockets. We conducted on-farm experimental trials in three different physiographical locations of the Nepal mid-hills, namely, Chandanpur (Site I at 1475masl), Panchkhal (Site II at 1075masl), and Talamarang (Site III at 821masl) where smallholders grow coffee together with other cereal crops and vegetables. We applied biochar to the soil at a rate of 5 Mgha-1 , then, monitored the SOC and biomass growth of the coffee trees in the three treatment plots at sites I, II and III over two years beginning in 2013. The average stocks of aboveground carbon in coffee trees increased from 6.2±4.3 Mgha-1 to 9.1±5.2 Mgha-1 over the trial period of two years in biochar treated plots. The same in control plots increased from 5.6±2.8 Mgha-1 to 6.7±4.7 Mgha-1 . In the biochar plots, the average increments of ABG carbon was 0.73 Mgh-1 while in the control it was 0.29 Mgh-1 . Analysis of soil organic carbon of the plots indicated overall incremental change in carbon stocks in the coffee farms. During the base year, the average SOC stocks in the top 0-15cm layer of the soil at sites I, II, and III were estimated 74.88 ± 15.93; 63.96 ±16.71 and 33.05 ±4.42 Mgha-1 respectively. Although both the biochar treated and control plot registered incremental change in SOC stocks, the volumes were remarkably higher in the former than the latter. Compared to the baseline data, the changes in SOC stocks in the three biochar treated plots were 19.8, 49.8 and 45.3 Mgha-1 , respectively, whereas in the control plots these were 8.3, 29.3 and 11.3 Mgha-1 , respectively. The higher incremental rates of C-stocks in all the biochar treated plots in comparison to the corresponding control plots of the coffee agroforestry implies that application of biochar can enhance accumulation of carbon in the form of aboveground biomass and soil organic carbon.
TONI - One for all? Participatory development of a transtheoretic and transdiagnostic online intervention for blended care
Creators: name: Behr, Solveig
name: Fenski, F.
name: Boettcher, J.
name: Knaevelsrud, Christine
name: Hammelrath, Leona
name: Kovacs, G.
name: Schirmer, W.
name: Petrick, H.
name: Becker, P.
name: Schäuffele, Carmen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Blended care
subject: Participatory intervention development
subject: Integrative psychotherapy
subject: Transdiagnostic
subject: Internet-based interventions
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background Internet-based interventions offer a way to meet the high demand for psychological support. However, this setting also has disadvantages, such as the lack of personal contact and the limited ability to respond to crises. Blended care combines Internet-based interventions with face-to-face psychotherapy and merges the benefits of both settings. To ensure the uptake of blended care in routine care, Internet-based interventions need to be suitable for different therapeutic approaches and mental disorders. Objective This paper describes the participatory development process of the Internet-based intervention “TONI” using a common therapeutic language and content on various transdiagnostic topics to be integrated into routine outpatient psychotherapy. Methods To develop this intervention in a participatory manner, we followed the Integrate, Design, Assess, and Share (IDEAS) framework. In a multilevel development process, we used a combination of interviews, focus groups, and proofreading to optimally tailor online modules to routine outpatient psychotherapy. Building on well-established cognitive-behavioral online content, we included expert interviews with psychodynamic (n = 20) and systemic psychotherapists (n = 9) as well as focus groups with psychotherapists of different approaches (n = 10) and persons with lived experience of mental illness (PWLE; n = 10). Results We describe the development process of TONI step-by-step, outlining the specific requirements that therapists from different therapeutic approaches as well as PWLE have and how we implemented them in our intervention. This includes the content and specific exercises in the online modules, aspects of data protection, language, design, and usability. Conclusion Internet-based interventions that use a common therapeutic language and address therapeutic principles across different approaches have the potential to advance digitalization in psychotherapy. Involving psychotherapists and PWLE in intervention development may positively impact acceptance and usage in practice. This study shows how participatory intervention development involving both psychotherapists and PWLE can be carried out.
title: Résumés des projets amorce ATRI lauréats de 2017_2018
Creators: name: LabexMed
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017

description: Résumés des projets amorce ATRI lauréats de 2017_2018
title: Die intratympanale Kortikoidtherapie bei Hörsturz und Tinnitus – Erfahrungen aus der HNO-Klinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover
Creators: name: Helmstaedter, Victor
name: Roßberg, Willi
name: Lenarz, Thomas
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Die intratympanale Kortikoidtherapie ist eine mittlerweile weit verbreitete Therapie in der Behandlung vestibulocochleärer Störungen. Insbesondere beim akuten Hörsturz wird sie als Primär- oder Sekundärtherapie angewandt. Die Erfolgsraten scheinen jedoch unklar, [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 22. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Audiologie