cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOESM4 of Development and validation of the CAREGIVERS questionnaire: multi-assessing the impact of juvenile idiopathic arthritis on caregivers
Creators: name: Torres-Made, Marcia
name: Ingris Peláez-Ballestas
name: García-Rodríguez, Fernando
name: Villarreal-Treviño, Ana
name: Fortuna-Reyna, Brenda De Jesús
name: O-Cavazos, Manuel Enrique De La
name: Nadina Rubio-Pérez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 4. CAREGIVERS questionnaire: Impact of Pediatric Rheumatic Diseases on Caregivers Multi-Assessment Questionnaire.
Active beam splitting attack applied to differential phase shift quantum key distribution protocol
Creators: name: Avanesov, A. S.
name: Kronberg, D. A.
name: Pechen, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The differential phase shift quantum key distribution protocol is of high interest due to its relatively simple practical implementation. This protocol uses trains of coherent pulses and allows the legitimate users to resist individual attacks. In this paper, a new attack on this protocol is proposed which is based on the idea of information extraction from the part of each coherent state and then making decision about blocking the rest part depending on the amount of extracted information.
Spin-precession in an adiabatically rotating electric field
Creators: name: Serebrennikov, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to spin-orbit coupling, the adiabatic perturbation of an electron's orbital motion induced by a revolving external electric field lead to the electron spin-precession. The obtained results describe both transverse and longitudinal dynamics of an effective spin, for conical and figure-8 trajectories of a driving electric field, and elucidate the link between the quantum-mechanical, geometrical, and classical pictures of spin rotation. Within the limit of adiabatic approximation the derived formulas are valid regardless of whether eigenvectors of the total Hamiltonian of the problem are explicitly available or not, and are convenient for approximate calculations. The main expression for the time evolution of the Bloch vector has pure geometric character and is independent of the physical context.
The glycosyltransferase ST3GAL2 is regulated by miR-615-3p in the intestinal tract of Campylobacter jejuni infected mice
Creators: name: Xi, De
name: Hofmann, Lukas
name: Alter, Thomas
name: Einspanier, Ralf
name: Bereswill, Stefan
name: Heimesaat, Markus M.
name: Gölz, Greta
name: Sharbati, Soroush
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Campylobacter jejuni
subject: Mucin
subject: miRNA
subject: Glycosyltransferase
subject: Host cell response
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) infections are of increasing importance worldwide. As a typical mucosal pathogen, the interaction of C. jejuni with mucins is a prominent step in the colonisation of mucosal surfaces. Despite recent advances in understanding the interaction between bacterial pathogens and host mucins, the mechanisms of mucin glycosylation during intestinal C. jejuni infection remain largely unclear. This prompted us to identify relevant regulatory networks that are concerted by miRNAs and could play a role in the mucin modification and interaction. Results We firstly used a human intestinal in vitro model, in which we observed altered transcription of MUC2 and TFF3 upon C. jejuni NCTC 11168 infection. Using a combined approach consisting of in silico analysis together with in vitro expression analysis, we identified the conserved miRNAs miR-125a-5p and miR-615-3p associated with MUC2 and TFF3. Further pathway analyses showed that both miRNAs appear to regulate glycosyltransferases, which are related to the KEGG pathway ‘Mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis’. To validate the proposed interactions, we applied an in vivo approach utilising a well-established secondary abiotic IL-10−/− mouse model for infection with C. jejuni 81-176. In colonic tissue samples, we confirmed infection-dependent aberrant transcription of MUC2 and TFF3. Moreover, two predicted glycosyltransferases, the sialyltransferases ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2, exhibited inversely correlated transcriptional levels compared to the expression of the identified miRNAs miR-125a-5p and miR-615-3p, respectively. In this study, we mainly focused on the interaction between miR-615-3p and ST3GAL2 and were able to demonstrate their molecular interaction using luciferase reporter assays and RNAi. Detection of ST3GAL2 in murine colonic tissue by immunofluorescence demonstrated reduced intensity after C. jejuni 81-176 infection and was thus consistent with the observations made above. Conclusions We report here for the first time the regulation of glycosyltransferases by miRNAs during murine infection with C. jejuni 81-176. Our data suggest that mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis is concerted by the interplay of miRNAs and glycosyltransferases, which could determine the shape of intestinal glycosylated proteins during infection.
Gapped $Z_2$ spin liquid in the breathing kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Iqbal, Mohsin
name: Poilblanc, Didier
name: Schuch, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the kagome lattice with breathing anisotropy (i.e. with weak and strong triangular units), constructing an improved simplex Resonating Valence Bond (RVB) ansatz by successive applications (up to three times) of local quantum gates which implement a filtering operation on the bare nearest-neighbor RVB state. The resulting Projected Entangled Pair State involves a small number of variational parameters (only one at each level of application) and preserves full lattice and spin-rotation symmetries. Despite its simple analytic form, the simplex RVB provides very good variational energies at strong and even intermediate breathing anisotropy. We show that it carries $Z_2$ topological order which does not fade away under the first few applications of the quantum gates, suggesting that the RVB topological spin liquid becomes a competing ground state candidate for the kagome antiferromagnet at large breathing anisotropy.
Heisenberg groups in algebraic topology
Creators: name: Morava, Jack
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19Dxx, 57Rxx, 83Cxx

description: We study the Madsen-Tillmann spectrum $\C P^\infty_{-1}$ as a quotient of the Mahowald pro-object $\C P^{\infty}_{-\infty}$, which is closely related to the Tate cohomology of circle actions. That theory has an associated symplectic structure, whose symmetries define the Virasoro operations on the cohomology of moduli space constructed by Kontsevich and Witten.
description: To appear in the Segal Festschrift
Charge-carrier mobility in hydrogen-terminated diamond field-effect transistors
Creators: name: Sasama, Yosuke
name: Kageura, Taisuke
name: Komatsu, Katsuyoshi
name: Moriyama, Satoshi
name: Inoue, Jun-ichi
name: Imura, Masataka
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Uchihashi, Takashi
name: Takahide, Yamaguchi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diamond field-effect transistors (FETs) have potential applications in power electronics and high-output high-frequency amplifications. In such applications, high charge-carrier mobility is desirable for a reduced loss and high-speed operation. We have recently fabricated diamond FETs with a hexagonal-boron-nitride gate dielectric and observed a high mobility above 300 cm$^{2}$V$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$. In this study, we examine which scattering mechanism limits the mobility of our FETs through theoretical calculations. Our calculations reveal that the dominant carrier scattering is caused by surface charged impurities with the density of $\approx$1$\times10^{12}$ cm$^{-2}$, and suggest a possible increase in mobility over 1000 cm$^{2}$V$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$ by reducing the impurities.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Sympistis khepri Troubridge 2008, sp. n.
Creators: name: Troubridge, J. T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Sympistis
Sympistis khepri

description: Sympistis khepri Troubridge sp. n.
(Figs. A-27, N-10)
 Diagnosis. Sympistis khepri is most likely to be confused with S. rustica (Barnes and McDunnough) comb. n.. The forewing is grayer than S. rustica, the hindwing lacks the terminal shade of S. rustica, and it has a dark brown basal dash, which is absent in S. rustica. Internally, the vesica of S. khepri is much longer (about 7x as long as wide) than that of S. rustica (about 4x as long as wide).
 Description. Antennae filiform, head and thorax brown with scattered off-white scales; prothoracic collar brown with black basal line; abdomen light grayish brown. Coremata with brushes, levers, and pockets present on base of male abdomen. Forewing length 13 mm. Dorsal forewing ground color brown with scattered light gray scales on veins and along costa; faint basal, antemedial, and postmedial lines dark brown; obscure subterminal line of scattered light brown scales; terminal line dark brown; orbicular, reniform, and claviform spots absent; dark brown basal dash present; dark brown line extends through discal cell to postmedial line; veins between postmedial line and terminal line dark brown. Fringe brown, checkered with dark brown between veins. Dorsal hindwing white; terminal line dark brown; fringe white with brown median line. Male genitalia. (Fig. N-10) Valve shaped like prow of canoe with distinct corona; ampulla of clasper arises about ½ of the way between base and apex of valve, anterior bulge makes ampulla wider at apex than base; terminal spine produced at posterior corner of apex. Vesica with a ribbon of cornuti extending from dorsal base of vesica around to the left side, terminating at apex; a second patch of cornuti extends along right side of middle 2 of vesica; a single heavy spine and tuft of long cornuti occur at apex. Female genitalia. Unknown.
 Type material. Holotype male: USA, Arizona, Baboquivari Mts., 23 iv 1938, Grace N. and John L. Sperry, in the AMNH.
 Etymology. From Egyptian mythology, Khepri is the sacred scarab. It is a noun in apposition. Distribution. This species is known only from the unique holotype, collected in the Baboquivari Mts., Arizona.
description: Published as part of Troubridge, J. T., 2008, A generic realignment of the Oncocnemidini sensu Hodges (1983) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Oncocnemidinae), with description of a new genus and 50 new species, pp. 1-95 in Zootaxa 1903 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1903.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5134476
MOESM1 of Development and validation of the CAREGIVERS questionnaire: multi-assessing the impact of juvenile idiopathic arthritis on caregivers
Creators: name: Torres-Made, Marcia
name: Ingris Peláez-Ballestas
name: García-Rodríguez, Fernando
name: Villarreal-Treviño, Ana
name: Fortuna-Reyna, Brenda De Jesús
name: O-Cavazos, Manuel Enrique De La
name: Nadina Rubio-Pérez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Description of the non-systematical literature review.
Eliminating artefacts in Polarimetric Images using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Paranjpye, Dhruv
name: Mahabal, Ashish
name: Ramaprakash, A. N.
name: Panopoulou, Gina
name: Cleary, Kieran
name: Readhead, Anthony
name: Blinov, Dmitry
name: Tassis, Kostas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarization measurements done using Imaging Polarimeters such as the Robotic Polarimeter are very sensitive to the presence of artefacts in images. Artefacts can range from internal reflections in a telescope to satellite trails that could contaminate an area of interest in the image. With the advent of wide-field polarimetry surveys, it is imperative to develop methods that automatically flag artefacts in images. In this paper, we implement a Convolutional Neural Network to identify the most dominant artefacts in the images. We find that our model can successfully classify sources with 98\% true positive and 97\% true negative rates. Such models, combined with transfer learning, will give us a running start in artefact elimination for near-future surveys like WALOP.
description: 7 pages, 15 figures
Titanium additions to MgB2 conductors
Creators: name: Anderson,, N. E.
name: Straszheim, W. E.
name: Bud'ko, S. L.
name: Canfield, P. C.
name: Finnemore, D. K.
name: Suplinskas, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A series of doping experiments are reported for MgB2 conductors that have been synthesized using doped boron fibers prepared by chemical vapor deposition(CVD) methods. Undoped MgB2 samples prepared from CVD prepared fibers consistently give critical current densities, Jc, in the range of 500,000 A/cm^2 in low field at 5K. These values fall by a factor of about 100 as the magnetic field increases to 3T. For heavily Ti-doped boron fibers where the B/Ti ratio is comparable to 1, there is a substantial suppression of both Tc, superconducting volume fraction, and Jc values. If, however, a sample with a few percent Ti in B is deposited on a carbon coated SiC substrate and reacted at 1100 degrees C for 15 min, then Tc is suppressed only a couple of degrees Kelvin and critical current densities are found to be approximately 2-5 x 10^6 A/cm^2 for superconducting layers ranging from 4-10 micrometers thick. These materials show Jc values over 10,000 A/cm^2 at 25K and 1.3 T.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Dynamics of non-Abelian strings in the theory interpolating from ${\mathcal N}=2$ to ${\mathcal N}=1$ supersymmetric QCD
Creators: name: Gorsky, A.
name: Ievlev, E.
name: Yung, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of non-Abelian vortex strings supported in ${\mathcal N}=2$ supersymmetric QCD with the U$(N)$ gauge group and $N_f=N$ quark flavors deformed by the mass $μ$ of the adjoint matter. In the limit of large $μ$ the bulk four-dimensional theory flows to ${\mathcal N}=1$ supersymmetric QCD. The dynamics of orientational zero modes of the non-Abelian string is described by the world sheet CP$(N-1)$ model. At $μ=0$ this model has ${\mathcal N}= \left(2,2\right) $ supersymmetry while at large $μ$ it flows to the non-supersymmetric CP$(N-1)$ model. We solve the world sheet model in the large $N$ approximation and find a rich phase structure with respect to the deformation parameter $μ$ and quark mass differences. The phases include two strong coupling phases and two Higgs phases. In particular, the Higgs phase at small $μ$ supports CP$(N-1)$ model kinks representing confined monopoles of the bulk QCD, while in the large-$μ$ Higgs phase monopoles disappear.
description: 49 pages, 25 figures
Early Holocene aeolian sediments in southwestern Crete−preliminary results
Creators: name: Kirsten, Fabian
name: Fülling, Alexander
name: Heinrich, Susann
name: Schneider, Birgit
name: Heinrich, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Aeolian sediments
subject: Fossil soil
subject: Early Holocene
subject: Crete
subject: Eastern Mediterranean
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: The soilscapes along the southern and western coast of Crete (Greece) are dominated by coarse-grained reddish-brown slope sediments whose natural (pre-anthropogenic) configuration and properties are difficult to reconstruct due to the long history of intense land use. As a consequence, datable terrestrial sediment archives of pre-anthropogenic genesis are scarce. We present preliminary results of a study performed on an accumulation within an alluvial fan south of Stomio Bay in southwestern Crete. The studied profile is located in a small depression and is composed of a sequence of sandy to silty yellowish-brown calcareous sediments overlying coarse-grained slope sediments, including a fossil topsoil horizon. Based on macroscopic, micromorphological, geochemical, geophysical and mineralogical analysis, we interpret the fine-grained sediments to have a local aeolian origin. OSL dating indicates a final deposition phase during the early Holocene. Considering the scarcity of early Holocene terrestrial archives in Crete, the analysed profile provides valuable data for the reconstruction of landscape dynamics and paleoecological conditions as well as soil-sediment configurations during this time period. Additional research is needed to address the specific source area(s) as well as the ages of the deposition of slope sediments and formation of the fossil topsoil.
Poultry-Related Price Transmissions and Structural Change Since the 1950's
Creators: name: Babula, Ronald A.
name: Bessler, David A.
name: Schluter, Gerald E.
name: Babula, Ronald A.
name: Bessler, David A.
name: Schluter, Gerald E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Corn/poultry price dynamics
subject: vector autregression
subject: Tiao-Box likelihood ratio tests
subject: Kloek-Van Dijk Monte Carlo methods
subject: industry structural change

description: We use a vector autoregression analysis of corn price, farm poultry price, and consumer poultry (meat) price for two periods, a mid-1950's to late 1960's period and an early 1970's to mid-1980's period. We explored the dynamic aspects of the estimated price transmission models of these two periods. Statistically significant evidence suggests a change in the dynamics of these price transmissions between the two periods. Price-increasing shocks to corn production are now more likely to be passed on to consumers more quickly as prices increase. Evidence also suggests that, since the early period, corn has become an increasingly important factor in explaining poultry prices, and substantial market change has occurred in the poultry industry at the retail level.
Automatic music transcription for sitar music analysis
Creators: name: Su, Li
name: Cooper, Alec
name: Huang, Yu-Fen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Space Science
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The automatic transcription for non-Western music presents unique challenges, particularly because the result is often imperfect. How to improve automatic music transcription (AMT) for computational musicology research are open questions. In this paper, we report a novel AMT method and a set of analysis strategies for sitar recordings. With a detailed introduction of the proposed harmonic multi-layered cepstrum (HMLC) and combined frequency-periodicity (CFP) signal representations, we also provide the tonal, temporal and structural analysis based on the AMT result. Our proposed AMT method produces improved results, and we further demonstrate the advantages of using this AMT method in musicological analysis.
Noninteracting trapped Fermions in double-well potentials: inverted parabola kernel
Creators: name: Smith, Naftali R.
name: Dean, David S.
name: Doussal, Pierre Le
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Schehr, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a system of $N$ noninteracting spinless fermions in a confining, double-well potential in one dimension. When the Fermi energy is close to the value of the potential at its local maximum we show that physical properties, such as the average density and the fermion position correlation functions, display a universal behavior that depends only on the local properties of the potential near its maximum. This behavior describes the merging of two Fermi gases, which are disjoint at sufficiently low Fermi energies. We describe this behavior in terms of a new correlation kernel that we compute analytically and we call it the inverted parabola kernel". As an application, we calculate the mean and variance of the number of particles in an interval of size $2L$ centered around the position of the local maximum, for sufficiently small $L$. Finally, we discuss the possibility of observing our results in experiments, as well as the extensions to nonzero temperature and to higher space dimensions.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
FSH promotes the proliferation of sheep granulosa cells by inhibiting the expression of TSP1
Creators: name: Li, Xiaolin
name: Lin, Jiapeng
name: Chen, Ying
name: Wang, Liqin
name: Han, Bing
name: Jia, Bin
name: Wu, Yangsheng
name: Huang, Juncheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Thrombospondin (TSP1) plays an important role as an antiangiogenic factor in the reproductive system of female mammals. However, its expression and function in sheep are still unclear. In the present research, the Altay sheep (a native Chinese breed) was used to analyze the expression of TSP1 in the ovary and its potential function in granulosa cells. TSP1 was widely expressed in most tissues, as shown by qPCR. In the ovary, TSP1 mRNA expression decreased during follicular to luteal growth. The TSP1 protein was expressed in a wide variety of follicles of different diameters and localized to the cytoplasm and nucleus of granulosa cells. In in vitro studies, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) significantly inhibited the expression of TSP1 in sheep granulosa cells. Functionally, FSH- and TSP1-specific siRNAs can promote the proliferation of sheep granulosa cells. In contrast, TSP1 mimetic peptide, ABT510, offsets the proliferation of sheep granulosa cells. Different signaling pathway inhibitors all promoted FSH-inhibited TSP1 expression, but each inhibitor had different effects on TSP1. Among them, the PI3K and ERK pathway inhibitors significantly promoted TSP1 expression and inhibited the proliferation of sheep granulosa cells.
5 Years of Defocused Observations of Exoplanet Transits with T100: Timing Perspective
Creators: name: Basturk, Ozgur
name: Yalcinkaya, Selcuk
name: Keten, Burak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have been carrying out a program for over five years to observe transits of selected exoplanets with 1-meter Turkish Telescope, T100 (Baştürk et al. 2014, 2015), by making use of the well-established defocusing technique (Southworth et al. 2009) to achieve high photometric precision. In this contribution, we review the results of our observing program in timing perspective. The basic idea behind defocusing technique is to have the advantage of posing the detector for longer duration in the observations of bright stars, otherwise observed within very short integration times. Then the effect of the photon noise is diminished, which dominates in the short cadence observations. Longer exposures also help in reducing the noise contribution of the atmospheric scintillation. Noise contributions of the imperfect tracking and flat-fielding are mitigated by integrating over a larger area on the detector as well. Although fewer images can be acquired in a given time, we argue that the timing precision is improved because of better photometric precision. This contribution has been supported by TÜBİTAK-3001 project 116F350.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, presented in 8th Meeting of The Middle East Occultation Timing Association in Istanbul
Grain potentials on abandoned cropland in European Russia
Creators: name: Schierhorn, Florian
name: Muller, Daniel
name: Prishchepov, Alexander V.
name: Balmann, Alfons
name: Schierhorn, Florian
name: Muller, Daniel
name: Prishchepov, Alexander V.
name: Balmann, Alfons
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: Post-Soviet corpland change
subject: agricultural abandonment
subject: grain potentials
subject: spatial model
subject: Russia

description: Widespread abandoned cropland suggests ample scope for increasing grain production in Russia. However, sound estimates of future grain production and export potentials of Russia are missing. We estimated climate-adjusted grain yields that represent average yields of non-draught years in the post-soviet period. We then utilized a cropland abandonment map, a spatial allocation model and the climate-adjusted grain yields to estimate potential future grain production from recultivation. We assume that recultivation starts with the most recently abandoned plots where the carbon stocks in the successional vegetation and soils are lower. The recultivation of the eight million ha that were abandoned since 2001 results in a potential production increase of 11.4 million t of grain at likely moderate CO2 emission levels. If all 26 million ha of cropland abandoned since 1991 would be recultivated, approximately 42 million t of grain can be produced in addition to current production. The prospect for substantial increases in grain production with comparatively low carbon emissions suggest an important role for Russia in balancing the tradeoffs between securing global food production while avoiding dangerous climate impacts.
description: Paper prepared for presentation at the "Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty", World Bank, Washington, D.C., April 23-26, 2012
Sympistis knudsoni Troubridge 2008, sp. n.
Creators: name: Troubridge, J. T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Sympistis
Sympistis knudsoni

description: Sympistis knudsoni Troubridge sp. n.
(Figs. A-26, T-7)
 Diagnosis. Sympistis knudsoni appears most similar to S. khepri. It is distinguished from S. khepri by the forewing, on which the ordinary lines are faint but present (absent in S. knudsoni), and the absence of the orbicular and reniform spots in S. khepri (present in S. knudsoni). Females of S. khepri and males of S. knudsoni are unknown, thus it is not possible to see if these species are closely related to each other at this time.
 Description. Antennae filiform, head and thorax grayish brown; prothoracic collar grayish brown with black basal line; abdomen light grayish brown. Forewing length 14 mm. Dorsal forewing ground color brown, dusted with off-white scales, most heavily above cubital vein. Basal, antemedial, subterminal, and postmedial lines absent; terminal line dark brown; reniform spot ellipsoidal; orbicular and reniform spots dark brown, encircled with scattered white scales; dark brown basal dash present; radial, median, and cubital veins highlighted with dark brown scales; vein CuA2 bordered with off-white scales. Fringe brown, checkered with dark brown between veins. Dorsal hindwing off-white, dusted with brown scales –dusting heavier towards margin; veins with brown scales; terminal line dark brown; fringe white, dusted with dark brown in basal 2. Male genitalia. Unknown. Female genitalia. (Fig. T-7) Ovipositor lobes rounded with corona of stout setae; a V-shaped sclerite occurs on ventral surface of ductus bursae below ostium bursae; ductus bursae approximately the same length as appendix bursae, elongate appendix bursae tapers at anterior end to ductus seminalis; minute, vestigial corpus bursae attached to dorsal appendix bursae via thread-like duct.
 Type material. Holotype female: USA, Texas, Briscoe Co., Caprock Canyon State Park, 10-11 v 1996, E. C. Knudson, in the CNC. Paratype: 1♀, same data as holotype.
 Etymology. The name honors Edward C. Knudson, who collected the only known specimens of this species.
 Distribution. This species is known only from the type locality in Briscoe Co., Texas.
description: Published as part of Troubridge, J. T., 2008, A generic realignment of the Oncocnemidini sensu Hodges (1983) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Oncocnemidinae), with description of a new genus and 50 new species, pp. 1-95 in Zootaxa 1903 (1) on pages 47-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1903.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5134476
The Impact of the Environment of White Dwarf Mergers on Fast Radio Bursts
Creators: name: Kundu, Esha
name: Ferrario, Lilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are transient intense radio pulses with duration of milliseconds. Although the first FRB was detected more than a decade ago, the progenitors of these energetic events are not yet known. The currently preferred formation channel involves the formation of a neutron star (NS)/magnetar. While these objects are often the end product of the core-collapse (CC) explosion of massive stars, they could also be the outcome of the merging of two massive white dwarfs. In the merger scenario the ejected material interacts with a constant-density circumbinary medium and creates supersonic shocks. We found that when a radio pulse passes through these shocks the dispersion measure (DM) increases with time during the free expansion phase. The rotation measure (RM) displays a similar trend if the power-law index, $n$, of the outer part of the ejecta is $>6$. For $n = 6$ the RM remains constant during this phase. Later, when the ejecta move into the Sedov-Taylor phase while the DM still increases, however, with a different rate, the RM reduces. This behaviour is somewhat similar to that of FRB 121102 for which a marginal increase of DM and a 10% decrease of RM have been observed over time. These features are in contrast to the CC scenario, where the DM and RM contributions to the radio signal always diminish with time.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, Accepted in MNRAS
Solving high-dimensional Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman PDEs using neural networks: perspectives from the theory of controlled diffusions and measures on path space
Creators: name: Nüsken, Nikolas
name: Richter, Lorenz
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman PDEs
subject: Forward-backward SDEs
subject: Optimal control of diffusions
subject: Divergences between probability measures
subject: Rare event simulation
subject: Deep learning
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: Optimal control of diffusion processes is intimately connected to the problem of solving certain Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equations. Building on recent machine learning inspired approaches towards high-dimensional PDEs, we investigate the potential of iterative diffusion optimisation techniques, in particular considering applications in importance sampling and rare event simulation, and focusing on problems without diffusion control, with linearly controlled drift and running costs that depend quadratically on the control. More generally, our methods apply to nonlinear parabolic PDEs with a certain shift invariance. The choice of an appropriate loss function being a central element in the algorithmic design, we develop a principled framework based on divergences between path measures, encompassing various existing methods. Motivated by connections to forward-backward SDEs, we propose and study the novel log-variance divergence, showing favourable properties of corresponding Monte Carlo estimators. The promise of the developed approach is exemplified by a range of high-dimensional and metastable numerical examples.
Competition of hydrophobic and Coulombic interactions between nano-sized solutes
Creators: name: Dzubiella, J.
name: Hansen, J. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solvation of charged, nanometer-sized spherical solutes in water, and the effective, solvent-induced force between two such solutes are investigated by constant temperature and pressure Molecular Dynamics simulations of model solutes carrying various charge patterns. The results for neutral solutes agree well with earlier findings, and with predictions of simple macroscopic considerations: substantial hydrophobic attraction may be traced back to strong depletion (``drying'') of the solvent between the solutes. This hydrophobic attraction is strongly reduced when the solutes are uniformly charged, and the total force becomes repulsive at sufficiently high charge; there is a significant asymmetry between anionic and cationic solute pairs, the latter experiencing a lesser hydrophobic attraction. The situation becomes more complex when the solutes carry discrete (rather than uniform) charge patterns. Due to antagonistic effects of the resulting hydrophilic and hydrophobic ``patches'' on the solvent molecules, water is once more significantly depleted around the solutes, and the effective interaction reverts to being mainly attractive, despite the direct electrostatic repulsion between solutes. Examination of a highly coarse-grained configurational probability density shows that the relative orientation of the two solutes is very different in explicit solvent, compared to the prediction of the crude implicit solvent representation. The present study strongly suggests that a realistic modeling of the charge distribution on the surface of globular proteins, as well as the molecular treatment of water are essential prerequisites for any reliable study of protein aggregation.
description: 20 pages, 25 figures
β-galactosidase GALA from Bacillus circulans with high transgalactosylation activity
Creators: name: Yan, Yaru
name: Guan, Weishi
name: Li, Xiaoyi
name: Gao, Kaier
name: Xu, Xinxin
name: Liu, Bo
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Zhang, Yuhong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: β-galactosidase catalyzes lactose hydrolysis and transfers reactions to produce prebiotics such as galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) with potential applications in the food industry and pharmaceuticals. However, there is still a need for improved transgalactosylation activity of β-galactosidases and reaction conditions of GOS production in order to maximize GOS output and reduce production costs. In this study, a β-galactosidase gene, galA, from Bacillus circulans was expressed in Pichia pastoris, which not only hydrolyzed lactose but also had strong transgalactosylation activity to produce GOS. Response surface methodology was adopted to investigate the effects of temperature, enzyme concentration, pH, initial lactose concentration, and reaction time on the production of GOS and optimize the reaction conditions for GOS. The optimal pH for the enzyme was 6.0 and remained stable under neutral and basic conditions. Meanwhile, GALA showed most activity at 50°C and retained considerable activity at a lower temperature 30–40°C, indicating this enzyme could work under mild conditions. The enzyme concentration and temperature were found to be the critical parameters affecting the transgalactosylation activity. Response surface methodology showed that the optimal enzyme concentration, initial lactose concentration, temperature, pH, and reaction time were 3.03 U/mL, 500 g/L, 30°C, 5.08, and 4 h, respectively. Under such conditions, the maximum yield of GOS was 252.8 g/L, accounting for approximately 50.56% of the total sugar. This yield can be considered relatively high compared to those obtained from other sources of β-galactosidases, implying a great potential for GALA in the industrial production and application of GOS.
Transit Timing Variations of Five Transiting Planets
Creators: name: Basturk, Ozgur
name: Esmer, Ekrem M.
name: Torun, Seyma
name: Yalcinkaya, Selcuk
name: Helweh, Fadel El
name: Karamanli, Ertugrul
name: Oncu, Mehmet
name: Albayrak, H. Ozgur
name: Akram, Afra F. M.
name: Kahraman, Muammer G.
name: Sufi, Shaad
name: Uzumcu, Muhammed
name: Davoudi, Fatemeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transiting planets provide a unique opportunity to search for unseen additional bodies gravitationally bound to a system. It is possible to detect the motion of the center-of-mass of the observed transiting planet-host star duo due to the gravitational tugs of the unseen bodies from the Roemer delay. In order to achieve the goal, determination of the mid-times of the transits of the planets in high precision and accuracy and correct them for the orbital motion of the Earth is a primary condition. We present transit timing variations and update the ephemeris information of 5 transiting planets; HAT-P-23b, WASP-103b, GJ-1214b, WASP-69b, and KELT-3b within this contribution, based on all the quality transit light curves from amateur and professional observers, converted to Dynamic Barycentric Julian Days (BJD-TDB).
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, presented in Turkish Physical Society 35th International Physics Conference (http://www.tfd35.org/en/), a four-page version has been submitted and accepted for publication in American Institute of Physics Conference Series
Reliable extraction of energy landscape properties from critical force distributions
Creators: name: Adhikari, Sudeep
name: Beach, K. S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural dynamics of a biopolymer is governed by a process of diffusion through its conformational energy landscape. In pulling experiments using optical tweezers, features of the energy landscape can be extracted from the probability distribution of the critical force at which the polymer unfolds. The analysis is often based on rate equations having Bell-Evans form, although it is understood that this modeling is inadequate and leads to unreliable landscape parameters in many common situations. Dudko and co-workers [Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 108101 (2006)] have emphasized this critique and proposed an alternative form that includes an additional shape parameter (and that reduces to Bell-Evans as a special case). Their fitting function, however, is pathological in the tail end of the pulling force distribution, which presents problems of its own. We propose a modified closed-form expression for the distribution of critical forces that correctly incorporates the next-order correction in pulling force and is everywhere well behaved. Our claim is that this new expression provides superior parameter extraction and is valid even up to intermediate pulling rates. We present results based on simulated data that confirm its utility.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures; v2 includes minor edits to match the published version
Mkn 1239: A highly polarized NLS1 with a steep X-ray spectrum and strong NeIX emission
Creators: name: Grupe, D.
name: Mathur, S.
name: Komossa, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of an XMM-Newton observation of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxy Mkn 1239. This optically highly polarized AGN has one of the steepest X-ray spectra found in AGN with alpha-X = +3.0 based on ROSAT PSPC data. The XMM-Newton EPIC PN and MOS data confirm this steep X-ray spectrum. The PN data are best-fit by a powerlaw with a partial covering absorption model suggesting two light paths between the continuum source and the observer, one indirect scattered one which is less absorbed and a highly absorbed direct light path. This result agrees with the wavelength dependent degree of polarization in the optical/UV band. Residuals in the X-ray spectra of all three XMM-Newton EPIC detectors around 0.9 keV suggest the presence of an emission line feature, most likely the Ne IX triplet. The detection of NeIX and the non-detection of OVII/OVIII suggest a super-solar Ne/O ratio.
description: Submitted to Aj, 11 pages, 8 figues
Sequestosome‐1 (p62) expression reveals chaperone‐assisted selective autophagy in immune‐mediated necrotizing myopathies
Creators: name: Fischer, Norina
name: Preuße, Corinna
name: Radke, Josefine
name: Pehl, Debora
name: Allenbach, Yves
name: Schneider, Udo
name: Feist, Eugen
name: Von Casteleyn, Vincent
name: Hahn, Katrin
name: Ruck, Tobias
name: Meuth, Sven G.
name: Goebel, Hans‐Hilmar
name: Graf, Rose
name: Mammen, Andrew
name: Benveniste, Olivier
name: Stenzel, Werner
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: CASA
subject: ER stress
subject: IMNM
subject: p62
subject: sIBM
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Diffuse myofiber necrosis in the context of inflammatory myopathy is the hallmark of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM). We have previously shown that skeletal muscle fibers of IMNM patients may display nonrimmed vacuoles and sarcoplasmic irregularities. The dysfunctional chaperone activity has been linked to the defective assembly of skeletal muscle proteins and their degradation via lysosomes, autophagy and the proteasomal machinery. This study was undertaken to highlight a chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA) pathway, functionally involved in protein homeostasis, cell stress and the immune response in skeletal muscle of IMNM patients. Skeletal muscle biopsies from 54 IMNM patients were analyzed by immunostaining, as well as by qPCR. Eight biopsies of sIBM patients served as pathological controls, and eight biopsies of nondisease control subjects were included. Alteration of autophagy was detectable in all IMNM biopsy samples highlighted via a diffuse sarcoplasmic staining pattern by p62 and LC3 independent of vacuoles. This pattern was at variance with the coarse focal staining pattern mostly confined to rimmed vacuoles in sIBM. Colocalization of p62 with the chaperone proteins HSP70 and alpha B-crystalline points to the specific targeting of misfolded proteins to the CASA machinery. Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) positivity of these fibers emphasizes the selectivity of autophagy processes and these fibers also express MHC class I sarcolemma. Expression of genes involved in autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways studied here is significantly upregulated in IMNM. We highlight that vacuoles without sarcolemmal features may arise in IMNM muscle biopsies, and they must not be confounded with sIBM-specific vacuoles. Further, we show the activation of selective autophagy and emphasize the role of chaperones in this context. CASA occurs in IMNM muscle, and specific molecular pathways of autophagy differ from the ones in sIBM, with p62 as a unique identifier of this process.
On the absence of stationary currents
Creators: name: Bachmann, Sven
name: Fraas, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review proofs of a theorem of Bloch on the absence of macroscopic stationary currents in quantum systems. The standard proof shows that the current in 1D vanishes in the large volume limit under rather general conditions. In higher dimension, the total current across a cross-section does not need to vanish in gapless systems but it does vanish in gapped systems. We focus on the latter claim and give a self-contained proof motivated by a recently introduced index for many-body charge transport in quantum lattice systems having a conserved $U(1)$-charge.
description: Written for QMATH14 Proceedings; To appear in Rev. Math. Phys
How Economic Conditions Changed the Number of U.S. Farms, 1960-88
Creators: name: Gale, H. Frederick
name: Gale, H. Frederick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Number of farms
subject: prices
subject: interest rates
subject: land values
subject: time series

description: The annual net decline in the number of farms is explained by using the lagged number of farms to account for the longrun trend and several variables representing economic conditions. The trend provides most of the explanatory power during 1960-74, while prices, land values, and interest rates explain deviations from the trend during 1975-88. Projections of farm numbers need to take into account both longrun trends and shortrun variability in economic conditions to produce meaningful estimates.
MOESM2 of HIFI: estimating DNA-DNA interaction frequency from Hi-C data at restriction-fragment resolution
Creators: name: Cameron, Christopher JF
name: JosÃ©E Dostie
name: Blanchette, Mathieu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2 Review history.
Lattice path combinatorics and asymptotics of multiplicities of weights in tensor powers
Creators: name: Tate, Tatsuya
name: Zelditch, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E45, 22E46, O5E15

description: We give asymptotic formulas for the multiplicities of weights and irreducible summands in high-tensor powers $V_λ^{\otimes N}$ of an irreducible representation $V_λ$ of a compact connected Lie group $G$. The weights are allowed to depend on $N$, and we obtain several regimes of pointwise asymptotics, ranging from a central limit region to a large deviations region. We use a complex steepest descent method that applies to general asymptotic counting problems for lattice paths with steps in a convex polytope.
description: 38 pages, no figures