cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gezamenlijke Visie Internationaal
Creators: name: VSNU, VH
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: internationalisering
taalbeleid
kenniseconomie

description: Internationalisering is een noodzakelijke beweging voor de verdere ontwikkeling van Nederland als kenniseconomie: voor het versterken van de innovatiekracht en de concurrentiekracht. Actieve deelname in de mondiale kennisnetwerken is onontkoombaar om een voorlopersrol te kunnen blijven spelen bij het doorgeven, verder ontwikkelen, en toepassen van kennis. Dat vraagt het nodige van de wijze waarop wij (Nederland en de kennisinstellingen) infrastructuur vormgeven, onze instituties inrichten en investeren in menselijk kapitaal. Internationalisering is geen afzonderlijke activiteit of doel op zich maar is volledig verweven met onderwijs en onderzoek en draagt bij aan de versterking van de kwaliteit daarvan. Onze visie is om dat met een aantal gemeenschappelijke ambities sterker tot uitdrukking te brengen. Om een plaats in de top 5 van de kenniseconomieën te verzekeren zien de kennisinstellingen het als de uitdaging om Nederland neer te zetten als ‘global brand’. Daarvoor is nog meer aandacht nodig voor een gemeenschappelijk profiel: Nederland kennisland als ‘the country to be’ om kennis op te doen, te ontwikkelen en door te geven. Ook voor het internationale optreden van
 de Nederlandse instellingen voor hoger onderwijs en onderzoek heeft dat gevolgen. Daaruit vloeien verschillende ambities voort die de hogescholen en universiteiten graag willen oppakken, zoveel mogelijk in aansluiting bij het bredere overheidsbeleid. In deze notitie worden de uitdagingen en keuzemogelijkheden beschreven. Keuzes op basis van deze notitie zullen leiden tot een verdere diversificatie van de instellingsprofielen. Internationalisering wordt door de gezamenlijke kennisinstellingen gezien als maatschappelijke opdracht en specifiek ingezet om een aantal in het vervolg uitgewerkte ambities te bereiken. Deze notitie laat zien welke internationale ontwikkelingen gevolgen moeten hebben voor de invulling van de ambities van de instellingen. En welke acties zij zelf gericht kunnen nemen in het licht van het eigen profiel.
Theory for p-Wave Feshbach Molecules
Creators: name: Gubbels, K. B.
name: Stoof, H. T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the physical properties of \emph{p}-wave Feshbach molecules in doubly spin-polarized $^{40}$K and find excellent agreement with recent experiments. We show that these molecules have a large probability $Z$ to be in the closed channel or bare molecular state responsible for the Feshbach resonance. In the superfluid state this allows for observation of Rabi oscillations between the molecular and atomic components of the Bose-Einstein condensed pairs, which contains a characteristic signature of the quantum phase transition that occurs as a function of applied magnetic field.
description: Replaced with published version
Using PPP deviations as a trading rule : an indirect joint test of PPP and foreign exchange market efficiency
Creators: name: Chen, Renjie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In this thesis an international investment filter rule is used to test both the tendency for Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) to hold in the long run and the hypothesis of foreign exchange market efficiency for the four most actively traded currencies in the world vis-a-vis the United States dollar: the British pound, the Japanese yen, the Germany mark, and the Canadian dollar. One way to examine whether there is a tendency for PPP to hold in the long run and whether the foreign exchange market is efficient, is to place more money in the 'undervalued' currency according to PPP deviations or to invest according to PPP deviations, putting more money into interest bearing securities in the 'undervalued' currency, the more this currency is undervalued. The return can then be compared with a reference rule which does not use this filter, but instead puts an equal value of money into the currencies or the securities of each country. This thesis has produced three results. First, using the PPP filter in the exchange money market yields no significantly abnormal rate of return compared with the reference rule. The result suggests that we can not reject the hypothesis that the tendency for PPP to hold in the long run does not exist. Second, using the PPP filter to invest in securities also yields no significantly higher rate of return compared with the reference rule. And third, when comparing the domestic (or foreign) interest rates with the rates of return for the domestic (or foreign) investor who uses the PPP filter, there is no significant difference between these rates in the long run. The last two results suggest that we can not reject the hypothesis that the foreign exchange-market is efficient.
Philonthus (Raucalius) Tottenham 1949
Creators: name: Solodovnikov, Alexey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Philonthus

description: Subgenus Raucalius Tottenham, 1949 (type species Philonthus peripateticus Tottenham, 1949) = Xanthopygoides Verdcourt 1952 (nom. nov. for Heterogaster Cameron, 1951), syn. nov. (type species Heterogaster niger Cameron, 1951)
description: Published as part of Solodovnikov, Alexey, 2009, Xanthopygoides niger Cameron, 1951 (Xanthopygina) belongs to the genus Philonthus Stephens, 1829 (Philonthina): systematic and nomenclatural changes for the African Staphylinini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Staphylinini), pp. 75-80 in ZooKeys 5 (5) on page 77, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.5.59, http://zenodo.org/record/576432
description: {"references": ["Tottenham CE (1949) Studies in the genus Philonthus Stephens (Coleoptera). The Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 100 (12): 291 - 362.", "Verdcourt B (1952) A new name for an East African genus of Staphylinidae (Col.). The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 88: 176.", "Cameron M (1951) New species of African Staphylinidae. Part II. Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society 19 (1950): 398 - 407."]}
Nutrient-Dense African Indigenous Vegetables and Grains in the FAO Food Composition Table for Western Africa (WAFCT) Identified Using Nutrient-Rich Food (NRF) Scores
Creators: name: Lara-Arevalo J
name: Drewnowski A
name: Chaparro M.P
name: Laar A
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Year: 2024

description: Nutrient profiling (NP) models that assess nutrient density of foods can help remedy micronutrient deficiencies. We used NP methods to identify the most nutrient-rich foods in the 2019 FAO/INFOODS Western Africa Food Composition Table (WAFCT). The WAFCT had complete data for 909 foods. Three versions of the well-established Nutrient-Rich Food (NRF) model were used: (1) the original NRF9.3 based on 9 micronutrients (protein, fiber, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin D); (2) a new NRF6.3 based on 6 priority micronutrients (iron, zinc, calcium, folate, vitamin A, vitamin B12); and (3) NRF 15.3, based on 15 nutrients to encourage (NRF6.3 nutrients + vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin C, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, copper, and magnesium). Data analyses used one-way ANOVAs and independent t-tests, with significance at α = 0.05. Animal-source foods were rated higher by NRF6.3 priority micronutrient and NRF15.3 NP models than by the NRF9.3 model. African indigenous vegetables had higher protein content and higher nutrient density compared to non-indigenous vegetables, and African indigenous grains had higher nutrient density compared to non-indigenous grains. Though animal-source foods received some of the highest scores, NP models adapted to the West African context showed that African indigenous vegetables and grains were also nutrient rich. Indigenous foods could be important sources of priority micronutrients for the region.
Las bibliotecas universitarias, detonante para las Humanidades Digitales dentro y fuera de la Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro
Creators: name: Carlos Alberto Martínez Hernández, Rubén Cantor Pérez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Digital Library, Digital Humanities, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, UAQ

description: Esta presentación refleja todo el trabajo que la Dirección General de Bibliotecas de la UAQ ha realizado en torno a las Humanidades Digitales, desde una colaboración interinstitucional hasta el primer libro publicado sobre el tema en nuestra Universidad. Hemos sido el detonante para que éstas lleguen a nuestra Universidad y se desarrollen.
A high-resolution physical map of human chromosome 11
Creators: name: Qin, S.
name: Nowak, N. J.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Sait, S. N. J.
name: Mayers, P. G.
name: Higgins, M. J.
name: Cheng, Y.
name: Li, L.
name: Munroe, D. J.
name: Gerhard, D. S.
name: Weber, Bernhard H. F.
name: Bric, E.
name: Housman, D. E.
name: Evans, G. A.
name: Shows, T. B.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: The development of a highly reliable physical map with landmark sites spaced an average of 100 kbp apart has been a central goal of the Human Genome Project. We have approached the physical mapping of human chromosome 11 with this goal as a primary target. We have focused on strategies that would utilize yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) technology, thus permitting long-range coverage of hundreds of kilobases of genomic DNA, yet we sought to minimize the ambiguities inherent in the use of this technology, particularly the occurrence of chimeric genomic DNA clones. This was achieved through the development of a chromosome 11-specific YAC library from a human somatic cell hybrid line that has retained chromosome 11 as its sole human component.To maximize the efficiency of YAC contig assembly and extension, we have employed an Alu-PCR-based hybridization screening system. This system eliminates many of the more costly and time-consuming steps associated with sequence tagged site content mapping such as sequencing, primer production, and hierarchical screening, resulting in greater efficiency with increased throughput and reduced cost. Using these approaches, we have achieved YAC coverage for >90% of human chromosome 11, with an average intermarker distance of <100 kbp. Cytogenetic localization has been determined for each contig by fluorescent in situ hybridization and/or sequence tagged site content. The YAC contigs that we have generated should provide a robust framework to move forward to sequence-ready templates for the sequencing efforts of the Human Genome Project as well as more focused positional cloning on chromosome 11.
Bs and Bc mesons in lattice QCD with exact chiral symmetry
Creators: name: TWQCD Collaboration
name: Chiu, Ting-Wai
name: Hsieh, Tung-Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the masses and decay constants of the pseudoscalar mesons Bs and Bc, and also the masses of the vector mesons Bs^* and Bc^*, in quenched lattice QCD with exact chiral symmetry. For 100 gauge configurations generated with single-plaquette action at beta = 7.2 on the 32^3 x 60 lattice, we compute point-to-point quark propagators for 33 quark masses in the range [0.01, 0.85], and measure the time-correlation functions of pseudoscalar and vector mesons. The inverse lattice spacing and the charm quark bare mass are determined using the mass and decay constant of eta_c(2980). The bare masses of s and b quarks are chosen such that the masses of the corresponding vector mesons are in good agreement with phi(1020), and Upsilon(9460) respectively. Our results are: m_{Bs} = 5385(27)(17) MeV, f_{Bs} = 253(8)(7) MeV, m_{Bc} = 6278(6)(4) MeV, f_{Bc} = 489(4)(3) MeV, m_{Bs^*} = 5424(28)(19) MeV, and m_{Bc^*} = 6315(6)(5) MeV.
description: 7 pages, an update of the published version in the Proceedings of Lattice 2006, Tucson, Arizona, July 23-28, 2006
Omicron COVID-19 immune correlates analysis of a third dose of mRNA-1273 in the COVE trial
Creators: name: Chu E
name: Fichtenbaum C.J
name: Fong Y
name: Reeder I
name: Gilbert P.B.
name: Kalams S
name: Janes H.E
name: Girard B
name: Fintzi J
name: Koup R.A
name: Lu Y
name: Chen H
name: Zhang B
name: Yu C
name: Donis R.O
name: Huynh C
name: Borate B
name: Zhou H
name: Wang X
name: Jones T
name: Das R
name: Priddy F
name: Martins K
name: Benkeser D
name: Neuzil K.M
name: Jayashankar L
name: Carpp L.N
name: Andrasik M.P
name: Follmann D.
name: Deng W
name: van der Laan L.W.P
name: Corey L
name: Kenny A
name: Gay C.L
name: Carone M
name: Baden L.R
name: Houchens C.R
name: El Sahly H.M
name: Kublin J.G
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2024

description: In the phase 3 Coronavirus Efficacy (COVE) trial (NCT04470427), post-dose two Ancestral Spike-specific binding (bAb) and neutralizing (nAb) antibodies were shown to be correlates of risk (CoR) and of protection against Ancestral-lineage COVID-19 in SARS-CoV-2 naive participants. In the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron era, Omicron subvariants with varying degrees of immune escape now dominate, seropositivity rates are high, and booster doses are administered, raising questions on whether and how these developments affect the bAb and nAb correlates. To address these questions, we assess post-boost BA.1 Spike-specific bAbs and nAbs as CoRs and as correlates of booster efficacy in COVE. For naive individuals, bAbs and nAbs inversely correlate with Omicron COVID-19: hazard ratios (HR) per 10-fold marker increase (95% confidence interval) are 0.16 (0.03, 0.79) and 0.31 (0.10, 0.96), respectively. In non-naive individuals the analogous results are similar: 0.15 (0.04, 0.63) and 0.28 (0.07, 1.08). For naive individuals, three vs two-dose booster efficacy correlates with predicted nAb titer at exposure, with estimates -8% (-126%, 48%), 50% (25%, 67%), and 74% (49%, 87%), at 56, 251, and 891 Arbitrary Units/ml. These results support the continued use of antibody as a surrogate endpoint.
Measuring neutron skin by grazing isobaric collisions
Creators: name: Xu, Hao-jie
name: Li, Hanlin
name: Zhou, Ying
name: Wang, Xiaobao
name: Zhao, Jie
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
name: Wang, Fuqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron skin thickness ($Δr_{\rm np}$) of nuclei and the inferred nuclear symmetry energy are of critical importance to nuclear physics and astrophysics. It is traditionally measured by nuclear processes with significant theoretical uncertainties. We recently proposed an indirect measurement of the $Δr_{\rm np}$ by charged hadron multiplicities in central isobaric collisions at relativistic energies, which are sensitive to nuclear densities. In this Letter, we propose a direct measurement of the $Δr_{\rm np}$ by using net-charge multiplicities in ultra-peripheral (grazing) collisions of those isobars, under the assumption that they are simple superimposition of nucleon-nucleon interactions. We illustrate this novel approach by the TRENTO and URQMD models.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, version published in PRC
Oral SARS-CoV-2 host responses predict the early COVID-19 disease course
Creators: name: Seaman W.T
name: Wang F
name: Phillips S.T
name: Lovell W
name: Mitchem O
name: Maile R
name: Keener O
name: Nanayakkara D
name: Cuadra E.C
name: Jones C.D
name: Wolfgang M
name: Ramsey K
name: Mollan K.R
name: Premkumar L
name: Kronk C
name: Markmann A
name: Wohl D
name: de Silva A
name: O′Reilly C
name: Hoffman E
name: Pettifor A
name: Bowman N.M
name: Blake J.-A
name: Webster-Cyriaque J
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2024

description: Oral fluids provide ready detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and host responses. This study sought to evaluate relationships between oral virus, oral and systemic anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, and symptoms. Oral fluids (saliva/throat wash (saliva/TW)) and serum were collected from asymptomatic and symptomatic, nasopharyngeal (NP) SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR+ human participants (n = 45). SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR and N-antigen detection by immunoblot and lateral flow assay (LFA) were performed. RT-qPCR for subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) was sequence confirmed. SARS-CoV-2-anti-S protein RBD LFA and ELISA assessed IgM and IgG responses. Structural analysis identified host salivary molecules analogous to SARS-CoV-2-N-antigen. At time of enrollment (baseline, BL), LFA-detected N-antigen in 86% of TW and was immunoblot-confirmed. However, only 3/17 were saliva/TW qPCR+. Sixty percent of saliva and 83% of TW demonstrated persistent N-antigen at 4 weeks. N-antigen LFA signal in three anti-spike sero-negative participants suggested potential cross-detection of 4 structurally analogous salivary RNA binding proteins (alignment 19–29aa, RMSD 1–1.5 Angstroms). At enrollment, symptomatic participants demonstrated replication-associated sgRNA junctions, were IgG+ (94%/100% in saliva/TW), and IgM+ (63%/54%). At 4 weeks, SARS-CoV-2 IgG (100%/83%) and IgM (80%/67%) persisted. Oral and serum IgG correlated 100% with NP+ PCR status. Cough and fatigue severity (p = 0.010 and 0.018 respectively), and presence of weakness, nausea, and composite upper respiratory symptoms (p = 0.037, 0.005, and 0.017, respectively) were negatively associated with saliva IgM but not TW or serum IgM. Throat wash IgM levels were higher in women compared to men, although the association did not reach statistical significance (median: 290 (female) versus 0.697, p = 0.056). Important to transmission and disease course, oral viral replication and persistence showed clear relationships with select symptoms and early oral IgM responses during early infection. N-antigen cross-reactivity may reflect mimicry of structurally analogous host proteins.
Further evidence for N(1900)P_{13} from photoproduction of hyperons
Creators: name: Nikonov, V. A.
name: Anisovich, A. V.
name: Klempt, E.
name: Sarantsev, A. V.
name: Thoma, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report further evidence for $N(1900)P_{13}$ from an analysis of a large variety of photo- and pion-induced reactions, in particular from the new CLAS measurements of double polarization observables for photoproduction of hyperons. The data are consistent with two classes of solutions both requiring contributions from $N(1900)P_{13}$ but giving different $N(1900)P_{13}$ pole positions. $(M-iΓ/2) = (1915\pm50)-i(90\pm25)$ MeV covers both solutions. The small elasticity of 10% or less explains why it was difficult to observe the state in $πN$ elastic scattering. $N(1900)P_{13}$ is a 2-star resonance which is predicted by symmetric three-quark models. In diquark-quark models, the existence of the state is not expected.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
The implications of earnings quality for market reactions to annual earnings announcements
Creators: name: Chen, Ching-Peng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This paper assesses the impact of earnings quality on market responses to annual earnings announcements. Earnings quality is measured by the ratio of earnings to funds from operations. The difference in the association between forecast errors and excess returns across the high/low quality earnings subsamples is found to be statistically significant; there is a greater market response to earnings announcements of high-quality firms than to low-quality firms. Hence, earnings quality as measured by the ratio of earnings to funds from operations, is found to have pricing implications. The results are robust across two regression models: OLS on returns ordered in announcement time and SUR/GLS on returns ordered in calendar time.
Entropy of near-extremal black holes in AdS_5
Creators: name: Balasubramanian, Vijay
name: de Boer, Jan
name: Jejjala, Vishnu
name: Simon, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the microstates of near-extremal black holes in AdS_5 x S^5 as gases of defects distributed in heavy BPS operators in the dual SU(N) Yang-Mills theory. These defects describe open strings on spherical D3-branes in the S^5, and we show that they dominate the entropy by directly enumerating them and comparing the results with a partition sum calculation. We display new decoupling limits in which the field theory of the lightest open strings on the D-branes becomes dual to a near-horizon region of the black hole geometry. In the single-charge black hole we find evidence for an infrared duality between SU(N) Yang-Mills theories that exchanges the rank of the gauge group with an R-charge. In the two-charge case (where pairs of branes intersect on a line), the decoupled geometry includes an AdS_3 factor with a two-dimensional CFT dual. The degeneracy in this CFT accounts for the black hole entropy. In the three-charge case (where triples of branes intersect at a point), the decoupled geometry contains an AdS_2 factor. Below a certain critical mass, the two-charge system displays solutions with naked timelike singularities even though they do not violate a BPS bound. We suggest a string theoretic resolution of these singularities.
description: LaTeX; v2: references and a few additional comments added
Persistent hypertension among postpartum women with comorbid HIV and preeclampsia in Zambia
Creators: name: Maposa I
name: Hatcher A
name: Mukosha M
name: Chi B.H
name: Lubeya M.K
name: Mutale W
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2024

description: Background Persistent hypertension is common after preeclampsia and is causally tied to later cardiovascular risks. This study examined whether being HIV-infected and on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with persistent postpartum hypertension among women diagnosed with preeclampsia. Methods We conducted a six-month prospective cohort study at Kanyama and Women and Newborn hospitals from January 01, 2022, to June 30, 2023, among 190 women diagnosed with preeclampsia (59 HIV-positive, 131 HIV-negative). Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected at delivery, six weeks, three months and six months after giving birth. Persistent hypertension was diagnosed if a participant presented with elevated blood pressure ≥140mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90mmHg and/or taking medication for hypertension at the study visit. We used a generalized estimating equation to describe the relationship between treated HIV and persistent hypertension six months following delivery. Results We retained 136 participants (71.6%) to six months postpartum, at a median age of 30 years. Overall, persistent hypertension at six weeks, three months, and six months postpartum was common (37.4%, 17.1% and 16.9%, respectively). Six-week postpartum prevalence was higher in the HIV group than HIV-negative group (54.6% vs 28.8%, p<0.001), with no measurable difference at three months (24.3% vs 13.2%, p = 0.145) or six months (18.2% vs 16.3%, p = 0.787). Multivariable analysis demonstrates higher odds (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.09–2.60) of persistent hypertension among the HIV +treatment group than HIV-negative counterparts after accounting for age, body mass index and time since delivery. Conclusion We demonstrate an elevated risk of persistent hypertension among postpartum women with comorbid preeclampsia and treated HIV. Peripartum patients in HIV-endemic settings may benefit from timely detection of hypertension and treatment interventions to improve health outcomes.
Rare decay pi0 -> e+e-: theory confronts KTeV data
Creators: name: Dorokhov, Alexander E.
name: Ivanov, Mikhail A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the dispersive approach to the amplitude of the rare decay pi0 -> e+e- the nontrivial dynamics is contained only in the subtraction constant. We express this constant, in the leading order in (m_e/Λ)^2 perturbative series, in terms of the inverse moment of the pion transition form factor given in symmetric kinematics. By using the CELLO and CLEO data on the pion transition form factor given in asymmetric kinematics the lower bound on the decay branching ratio is found. The restrictions following from QCD allow us to make a quantitative prediction for the branching B(pi0 -> e+e-) =(6.2\pm 0.1)*10^{-8} which is 3σbelow the recent KTeV measurement. We confirm our prediction by using the quark models and phenomenological approaches based on the vector meson dominance. The decays η-> l^+l^- are also discussed.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Potential of Enzymatically Synthesized Hemozoin Analog as Th1 Cell Adjuvant
Creators: name: Hakamata Y
name: Hoshi K
name: Tsugawa W
name: Ye L
name: Yamazaki T
name: Asano R
name: Tu A.T.T
name: Bülow L
name: Furuya T
name: Sode K
name: Shobo M
name: Ikebukuro K
name: Kettisen K
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Year: 2024

description: Hemozoin (Hz) is a heme crystal produced during malaria infection that stimulates immune cells, leading to the production of cytokines and chemokines. The immunostimulatory action of Hz has previously been applied in the development of alternative adjuvants. Crystallization of hemin is a chemical approach for producing Hz. Here, we focused on an enzymatic production method for Hz using the heme detoxification protein (HDP), which catalyzes heme dimer formation from hemin in Plasmodium. We examined the immunostimulatory effects of an enzymatically synthesized analog of Hz (esHz) produced by recombinant Plasmodium falciparum HDP. Enzymatically synthesized Hz stimulates a macrophage cell line and human peripheral mononuclear cells, leading to the production of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-12p40. In mice, subcutaneous administration of esHz together with an antigen, ovalbumin (OVA), increased the OVA-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G2c isotype level in the serum, whereas OVA-specific IgG1 was not induced. Our findings suggest that esHz is a useful Th-1 cell adjuvant.
The SRG X-ray orbital observatory, its telescopes and first scientific results
Creators: name: Sunyaev, R.
name: Arefiev, V.
name: Babyshkin, V.
name: Bogomolov, A.
name: Borisov, K.
name: Buntov, M.
name: Brunner, H.
name: Burenin, R.
name: Churazov, E.
name: Coutinho, D.
name: Eder, J.
name: Eismont, N.
name: Freyberg, M.
name: Gilfanov, M.
name: Gureyev, P.
name: Hasinger, G.
name: Khabibullin, I.
name: Kolmykov, V.
name: Komovkin, S.
name: Krivonos, R.
name: Lapshov, I.
name: Levin, V.
name: Lomakin, I.
name: Lutovinov, A.
name: Medvedev, P.
name: Merloni, A.
name: Mernik, T.
name: Mikhailov, E.
name: Molodtsov, V.
name: Mzhelsky, P.
name: Mueller, S.
name: Nandra, K.
name: Nazarov, V.
name: Pavlinsky, M.
name: Poghodin, A.
name: Predehl, P.
name: Robrade, J.
name: Sazonov, S.
name: Scheuerle, H.
name: Shirshakov, A.
name: Tkachenko, A.
name: Voron, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital observatory Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG), equipped with the grazing-incidence X-ray telescopes Mikhail Pavlinsky ART-XC and eROSITA, was launched by Roscosmos to the Lagrange L2 point of the Sun-Earth system on July 13, 2019. The launch was carried out from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by a Proton-M rocket with a DM-03 upper stage. The German telescope eROSITA was installed on SRG under an agreement between Roskosmos and the DLR, the German Aerospace Agency. In December 2019, SRG started to perform its main scientific task: scanning the celestial sphere to obtain X-ray maps of the entire sky in several energy ranges (from 0.2 to 8 keV with eROSITA, and from 4 to 30 keV with ART-XC). By mid-June 2021, the third six-month all-sky survey had been completed. Over a period of four years, it is planned to obtain eight independent maps of the entire sky in each of the energy ranges. The sum of these maps will provide high sensitivity and reveal more than three million quasars and over one hundred thousand massive galaxy clusters and galaxy groups. The availability of eight sky maps will enable monitoring of long-term variability (every six months) of a huge number of extragalactic and Galactic X-ray sources, including hundreds of thousands of stars with hot coronae. The rotation of the satellite around the axis directed toward the Sun with a period of four hours enables tracking the faster variability of bright X-ray sources during one day every half year. The chosen strategy of scanning the sky leads to the formation of deep survey zones near both ecliptic poles. The paper presents sky maps obtained by the telescopes on board SRG during the first survey of the entire sky and a number of results of deep observations performed during the flight to the L2 point in the frame of the performance verification program.(Abriged)
description: 30 pages, 46 figures. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 656, A132, 2021. Abstract abridged
title: Αλγόριθμος προσομοιωμένης ανόπτησης για το δυναμικό πρόβλημα δρομολόγησης οχημάτων
title: Simulated annealing algorithm for the dynamic vehicle routing problem
Creators: name: Σφηναρολακης Γεωργιος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Η διαδρομή που θα ακολουθήσει ένα όχημα για την εξυπηρέτηση των
εκάστοτε πελατών είναι απαραίτητο να είναι η βέλτιστη, και για τον
εξυπηρετούμενο αλλά και τον εξυπηρετητή. Όσο αφορά τον εξυπηρετούμενο,
η βέλτιστη διαδρομή θεωρείται η πιο σύντομη και γρήγορη ενώ για τον
εξυπηρετητή θεωρείται η πιο οικονομική. Για αυτόν τον λόγο έχουν
δημιουργηθεί διάφορες μέθοδοι βελτιστοποίησης διαδρομών που συνδυάζουν
τις παραπάνω απαιτήσεις για το καλύτερο δυνατό αποτέλεσμα.
Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία αφορά την βέλτιστη δρομολόγηση
οχημάτων σε πραγματικό χρόνο, με περιορισμό όμως την χωρητικότητα του
οχήματος αλλά και του χρόνου που το όχημα διαθέτει για να εξυπηρετήσει.
Στόχος είναι η δημιουργία διαδρομών που να μην καταπατούν τους
περιορισμούς αλλά ταυτόχρονα να αποφέρουν το καλύτερο δυνατό
αποτέλεσμα.

Αρχικά γίνεται χρήση αλγορίθμου αρχικής λύσης ο οποίος έχει σκοπό την
δημιουργία μιας αρχικής διαδρομής χωρίς όμως αυτή να είναι η βέλτιστη. Η
διαδρομή αυτή είναι απαραίτητη καθώς οι επόμενοι αλγόριθμοι θα την
χρησιμοποιήσουν ως δεδομένο με στόχο να την φέρουν στην βέλτιστη
κατάσταση. Έπειτα, χρησιμοποιούνται δύο μέθοδοι τοπικής αναζήτησης με
σκοπό την βελτιστοποίηση της αρχικής λύσης.
Στην συνέχεια, οι ήδη δημιουργημένες διαδρομές ανακατασκευάζονται καθώς
υπάρχει ζήτηση σε πραγματικό χρόνο, δηλαδή νέοι πελάτες απαιτείται να
εξυπηρετηθούν (έκτακτη εξυπηρέτηση) ενώ το όχημα βρίσκεται ήδη στην
διαδρομή.
Τέλος, γίνεται βελτίωση της παραπάνω λύσης με την μέθοδο της
προσομοιωμένης ανόπτησης με σκοπό την εύρεση μιας νέας διαδρομής με το
ελάχιστο δυνατό κόστος η οποία θα είναι και η τελική διαδρομή που θα
ακολουθήσουν τα οχήματα.
Οι μέθοδοι που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν στην εργασία είναι ο πλησιέστερος
γείτονας, ο 2-opt, ο 1-1 exchange καθώς και η μέθοδος προσομοιωμένης
ανόπτησης. Με αυτές τις προσεγγίσεις ο φόρτος εργασίας και ο υπολογιστικός
φόρτος μειώνονται σημαντικά, καθιστώντας τον αλγόριθμο που
δημιουργήθηκε ικανό να εφαρμοσθεί σε πραγματικό χρόνο, δηλαδή ικανό να
επεξεργάζεται τα δεδομένα προκειμένου να ληφθεί η λύση/διαδρομή μέσα σε
λίγα δευτερόλεπτα.
Diseño instructivo de asignaturas para su impartición en modalidad eLearning. Vista estratégica
Creators: name: García-Peñalvo, F. J.
name: Rodríguez-Conde, M. J.
name: Seoane-Pardo, A. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Formación online; eLearning; Lenguaje de patrones; Estrategia institucional; Inteligencia Institucional; Gobernanza de las Tecnologías

description: La sesión “Diseño instructivo de asignaturas para su impartición en modalidad eLearning. Vista estratégica” fue impartida el 3 de julio de 2019 en Valladolid (España) dentro del curso “Diseño instructivo de asignaturas para su impartición en modalidad eLearning” organizado por el Área de Formación Permanente e Innovación Docente de la Universidad de Valladolid.

En esta parte del curso se pone el énfasis en la toma de decisiones estratégicas que implica una acción formativa online, independientemente del nivel en el que se esté abordando, es decir, hay importantes decisiones que tomar en un contexto de un profesor que decide virtualizar un curso o una asignatura, o en el contexto institucional que decide hacer establecer un programa de virtualización de grados y/o másteres o lanzar una oferta de MOOC institucionales, lo cual debería estar muy ligado con la Gobernanza de las Tecnologías y de una forma más global con la estrategia de Inteligencia Institucional de la Universidad
Fiducialize statistical significance: Transforming p-values into conservative posterior probabilities
Creators: name: Bickel, David R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: One remedy to the misuse of p-values transforms them to bounds on Bayes factors. With a prior probability of the null hypothesis, such a bound gives a lower bound on the posterior probability. Unfortunately, knowing a posterior probability is above some number cannot ensure that the null hypothesis is improbable enough to warrant its rejection. For example, if the lower bound is 0.0001, that implies that the posterior probability is at least 0.0001 but does not imply it is lower than 0.05 or even 0.9. A fiducial argument suggests an alternative estimate of the posterior probability that the null hypothesis is true. In the case that the prior probability of the null hypothesis is 50%, the estimated posterior probability is about p (ln p)^2 for low p. In other cases, p in the formula is the p-value calibrated by multiplying it by the prior odds of the null hypothesis. Since the fiducial estimate of the posterior probability is greater than the lower bounds, its use in place of a bound leads to more stringent hypothesis testing. Making that replacement in a rationale for 0.005 as the significance level reduces the level to 0.001.
Mixed QCD-EW corrections for Higgs leptonic decay via $HW^+W^-$ vertex
Creators: name: Ma, Chichuan
name: Wang, Yuxuan
name: Xu, Xiaofeng
name: Yang, Li Lin
name: Zhou, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the two-loop corrections to the $HW^+W^-$ vertex at order $αα_s$. We construct a canonical basis for the two-loop integrals using the Baikov representation and the intersection theory. By solving the $ε$-form differential equations, we obtain fully analytic expressions for the master integrals in terms of multiple polylogarithms, which allow fast and accurate numeric evaluation for arbitrary configurations of external momenta. We apply our analytic results to the decay process $H \to ν_e e W$, and study both the integrated and differential decay rates. Our results can also be applied to the Higgs production process via $W$ boson fusion.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables; version accepted for publication in JHEP
Prevalent Metformin Use in Adults With Diabetes and the Incidence of Long COVID: An EHR-Based Cohort Study From the RECOVER Program
Creators: name: Arnold, Jonathan
name: Stürmer, Til
name: N3C Consortium
name: RECOVER PCORnet EHR Cohort and the N3C Consortium
name: Wong, Rachel
name: Brosnahan, Shari B.
name: Johnson, Steven G.
name: Huling, Jared D.
name: Murphy, Shawn
name: McComsey, Grace A.
name: Mudumbi, Praveen C.
name: Lewis V, Colby
name: Rosen, Clifford
name: Erlandson, Kristine M.
name: Wiggen, Talia D.
name: Buse, John B.
name: Abedian, Sajjad
name: Bramante, Carolyn
name: Weiner, Mark G.
name: Kaushal, Rainu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: Studies show metformin use before and during SARS-CoV-2 infection reduces severe COVID-19 and postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) in adults. Our objective was to describe the incidence of PASC and possible associations with prevalent metformin use in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).This is a retrospective cohort analysis using the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) and Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network (PCORnet) electronic health record (EHR) databases with an active comparator design that examined metformin-exposed individuals versus nonmetformin-exposed individuals who were taking other diabetes medications. T2DM was defined by HbA1C ≥6.5 or T2DM EHR diagnosis code. The outcome was death or PASC within 6 months, defined by EHR code or computable phenotype.In the N3C, the hazard ratio (HR) for death or PASC with a U09.9 diagnosis code (PASC-U09.0) was 0.79 (95% CI 0.71–0.88; P < 0.001), and for death or N3C computable phenotype PASC (PASC-N3C) was 0.85 (95% CI 0.78–0.92; P < 0.001). In PCORnet, the HR for death or PASC-U09.9 was 0.87 (95% CI 0.66–1.14; P = 0.08), and for death or PCORnet computable phenotype PASC (PASC-PCORnet) was 1.04 (95% CI 0.97–1.11; P = 0.58). Incident PASC by diagnosis code was 1.6% metformin vs. 2.0% comparator in the N3C, and 2.1% metformin vs. 2.5% comparator in PCORnet. By computable phenotype, incidence was 4.8% metformin and 5.2% comparator in the N3C and 24.7% metformin vs. 26.1% comparator in PCORnet.Prevalent metformin use is associated with a slightly lower incidence of death or PASC after SARS-CoV-2 infection. PASC incidence by computable phenotype is higher than by EHR code, especially in PCORnet. These data are consistent with other observational analyses showing prevalent metformin is associated with favorable outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults with T2DM.
Probing Asymmetric Interactions with Time-Separated Mutual Information: A Case Study Using Golden Shiners
Creators: name: Lemasson, Bertrand H.
name: Biedenbach, James M.
name: Mayo, Michael L.
name: Pilkiewicz, Kevin R.
name: Daftari, Katherine
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Year: 2024

description: Leader–follower modalities and other asymmetric interactions that drive the collective motion of organisms are often quantified using information theory metrics like transfer or causation entropy. These metrics are difficult to accurately evaluate without a much larger number of data than is typically available from a time series of animal trajectories collected in the field or from experiments. In this paper, we use a generalized leader–follower model to argue that the time-separated mutual information between two organism positions can serve as an alternative metric for capturing asymmetric correlations that is much less data intensive and more accurately estimated by popular k-nearest neighbor algorithms than transfer entropy. Our model predicts a local maximum of this mutual information at a time separation value corresponding to the fundamental reaction timescale of the follower organism. We confirm this prediction by analyzing time series trajectories recorded for a pair of golden shiner fish circling an annular tank.
Precise Particle Tracking Against a Complicated Background: Polynomial Fitting with Gaussian Weight
Creators: name: Rogers, Salman S.
name: Waigh, Thomas A.
name: Zhao, Xiubo
name: Lu, Jian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new particle tracking software algorithm designed to accurately track the motion of low-contrast particles against a background with large variations in light levels. The method is based on a polynomial fit of the intensity around each feature point, weighted by a Gaussian function of the distance from the centre, and is especially suitable for tracking endogeneous particles in the cell, imaged with bright field, phase contrast or fluorescence optical microscopy. Furthermore, the method can simultaneously track particles of all different sizes, and allows significant freedom in their shape. The algorithm is evaluated using the quantitative measures of accuracy and precision of previous authors, using simulated images at variable signal-to-noise ratios. To these we add a new test of the error due to a non-uniform background. Finally the tracking of particles in real cell images is demonstrated. The method is made freely available for non-commencial use as a software package with a graphical user-inferface, which can be run within the Matlab programming environment.
Proteomic analysis of the SMN complex reveals conserved and etiologic connections to the proteostasis network
Creators: name: McMichael, Benjamin D.
name: Garcia, Eric L.
name: Matera, A. Gregory
name: Herring, Laura E.
name: Steiner, Rebecca E.
name: Mills, C. Allie
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2024

description: Introduction Molecular chaperones and co-chaperones are highly conserved cellular components that perform a variety of duties related to the proper three-dimensional folding of the proteome. The web of factors that carries out this essential task is called the proteostasis network (PN). Ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) represent an underexplored area in terms of the connections they make with the PN. The Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) complex is an assembly chaperone and serves as a paradigm for studying how specific RNAs are identified and paired with their client substrate proteins to form RNPs. SMN is the eponymous component of a large complex, required for the biogenesis of uridine-rich small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (U-snRNPs), that localizes to distinct membraneless organelles in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of animal cells. SMN protein forms the oligomeric core of this complex, and missense mutations in the human SMN1 gene are known to cause Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA). The basic framework for understanding how snRNAs are assembled into U-snRNPs is known. However, the pathways and mechanisms used by cells to regulate their biogenesis are poorly understood. Methods Given the importance of these processes to normal development as well as neurodegenerative disease, we set out to identify and characterize novel SMN binding partners. We carried out affinity purification mass spectrometry (AP-MS) of Drosophila SMN complexes using fly lines exclusively expressing either wildtype or SMA-causing missense alleles. Results Bioinformatic analyses of the pulldown data, along with comparisons to proximity labeling studies carried out in human cells, revealed conserved connections to at least two other major chaperone systems including heat shock folding chaperones (HSPs) and histone/nucleosome assembly chaperones. Notably, we found that heat shock cognate protein Hsc70-4 and other HspA family members preferentially associated with SMA-causing alleles of SMN. Discussion Hsc70-4 is particularly interesting because its mRNA is aberrantly sequestered by a mutant form of TDP-43 in mouse and Drosophila ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) disease models. Most important, a missense allele of Hsc70-4 (HspA8 in mammals) was recently identified as a bypass suppressor of the SMA phenotype in mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that chaperone-related dysfunction lies at the etiological root of both ALS and SMA.
A systematic variational approach to band theory in a quantum computer
Creators: name: Sherbert, Kyle
name: Cerasoli, Frank
name: Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computers promise to revolutionize our ability to simulate molecules, and cloud-based hardware is becoming increasingly accessible to a wide body of researchers. Algorithms such as Quantum Phase Estimation and the Variational Quantum Eigensolver are being actively developed and demonstrated in small systems. However, extremely limited qubit count and low fidelity seriously limit useful applications, especially in the crystalline phase, where compact orbital bases are difficult to develop. To address this difficulty, we present a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to solve the band structure of any periodic system described by an adequate tight-binding model. We showcase our algorithm by computing the band structure of a simple-cubic crystal with one $s$ and three $p$ orbitals per site (a simple model for Polonium) using simulators with increasingly realistic levels of noise and culminating with calculations on IBM quantum computers. Our results show that the algorithm is reliable in a low-noise device, functional with low precision on present-day noisy quantum computers, and displays a complexity that scales as $Ω(M^3)$ with the number $M$ of tight-binding orbitals per unit-cell, similarly to its classical counterparts. Our simulations offer a new insight into the ``quantum'' mindset and demonstrate how the algorithms under active development today can be optimized in special cases, such as band structure calculations.
description: 14 pages, six figures. Updated version includes peer-reviewed revisions published in RSC Advances
2021- Extra Virgin Olive Oil as Nutritional Therapeutic Immuno-Enhancer.pdf
Creators: name: Almoselhy, Rania I.M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60101 Analytical Biochemistry
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Nutrition health is very important component in control of infectious diseases severity. Better nutrition is related to improved infant, child and maternal health, stronger immune systems, lower risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and longevity. The current review shows the bioactive compounds, applications and potency of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) as nutritional therapeutic immune-enhancer with evidence-based health benefits confirmed by scientific research works. The extensive literature survey revealed that EVOO is used for the treatment of stomach problems, diabetes, hypertension, diarrhea, respiratory and urinary tract infections, skin diseases, bacterial and fungal infections, hemorrhoids, rheumatism, asthma, and hair loss. Recent studies have been carried out focusing on evaluation of the antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, antihypertensive, gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective activities. EVOO as a valuable component of Mediterranean diet (MED), can help keep immune system strong and reduce the inflammation and oxidative stress that lead to a variety of diseases and conditions that increase risk for serious cases of COVID-19.