cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Alcohol abuse in individuals with social phobia: Roles of coping responses and alcohol expectancies
Creators: name: Tran, Giao Quynh
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology
classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology

description: The current study examined personal variables that may contribute to alcohol abuse by individuals with social phobia. Two major research questions were addressed: What increases social phobics' vulnerability to maladaptive behaviors? What distinguishes socially phobic alcohol abusers from non-abusers?; Consistent with Beck and Emery's (1985) cognitive theory, it was hypothesized that less effective coping in social situations and negative self-evaluation increase social phobics' vulnerability to maladaptive behaviors. Based on Abrams and Niaura's (1987) social-learning theory of alcohol abuse, it was hypothesized that less effective coping in alcohol-specific situations, high positive alcohol expectancies of tension reduction, and low negative alcohol expectancies of impairment distinguish socially phobic alcohol abusers from non-abusers. Research hypotheses were tested with a community sample of social phobics with alcohol abuse (SPAs, n = 19), social phobics without alcohol abuse (SPs, n = 19), and normal controls without psychiatric disorders (NCs, n = 21). As predicted, SP participants reported less problem-focused coping than NCs in non-alcohol social situations and rated themselves as less skillful in interpersonal roleplays. However, contrasting the research hypothesis, observers did not rate SPs as less ARM in interpersonal situations. Given that most daily activities involve social situations, these results suggest that social phobics' less effective coping and negative self-evaluations in social situations can increase their vulnerability to maladaptive behaviors. Comparison of SPAs and SPs on self-report problem-focused coping and observed coping skills showed the predicted situation-specific effects for alcohol versus non-alcohol situations. Compared to SPs, SPAs reported less problem-focused coping during alcohol-accessible social situations, but not during alcohol-inaccessible social situations. Similarly, observers rated SPAs as less skillful than SPs on their alcohol-abstinent skills, but not their social skills. As hypothesized, SPAs reported higher positive alcohol expectancies than SPs. However, contrasting study predictions, SPAs and SPs did not differ in negative alcohol expectancies and self-rated coping in alcohol situations. In summary, the present results mostly support cognitive and social-learning theories of social phobia and alcohol abuse, respectively, and highlight methodological issues for assessment of coping skills and negative alcohol expectancies. The current findings may also have implications for treating individuals with comorbid social phobia and alcohol abuse.
Assistive robots for the social management of health: a framework for robot design and human-robot interaction research
Creators: name: Chita-Tegmark, Meia
name: Scheutz, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is a close connection between health and the quality of one's social life. Strong social bonds are essential for health and wellbeing, but often health conditions can detrimentally affect a person's ability to interact with others. This can become a vicious cycle resulting in further decline in health. For this reason, the social management of health is an important aspect of healthcare. We propose that socially assistive robots (SARs) could help people with health conditions maintain positive social lives by supporting them in social interactions. This paper makes three contributions, as detailed below. We develop a framework of social mediation functions that robots could perform, motivated by the special social needs that people with health conditions have. In this framework we identify five types of functions that SARs could perform: a) changing how the person is perceived, b) enhancing the social behavior of the person, c) modifying the social behavior of others, d) providing structure for interactions, and e) changing how the person feels. We thematically organize and review the existing literature on robots supporting human-human interactions, in both clinical and non-clinical settings, and explain how the findings and design ideas from these studies can be applied to the functions identified in the framework. Finally, we point out and discuss challenges in designing SARs for supporting social interactions, and highlight opportunities for future robot design and HRI research on the mediator role of robots.
description: 21 pages, 2 figs
African-American women's activism and ghetto formation in a Washington, D.C. neighborhood
Creators: name: Williams Paris, Jenell Lora
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: How did Northwest One become a ghetto? How and why is it losing its ghetto status? In this research I am concerned with social processes of place construction. I analyze the relationships that have sustained, shaped, and been shaped by a piece of urban land in Washington, DC. Comparing 1960s urban renewal redevelopment with current redevelopment plans illuminates place-making processes that involve historically evolving relationships between residents, planners, developers, policymakers, and other stakeholders. I use ethnographic and historical methods to describe neighborhood change during urban renewal in the 1950s and 1960s, and changes in the same area during the contemporary period of the late 1990s. Interviews, archival data, census data, and ethnographic fieldwork inform my analysis. Space and place theories, and political economy perspectives on urban change guide my interpretations.
Towards an economics of the bioeconomy: four years later
Creators: name: Viaggi, Davide
name: Viaggi, Davide
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: bioeconomy
subject: economics

description: This paper provides a summary of the evolution of the bioeconomy and compares it with trends in related economics literature. The objective is to discuss how the bio-based economics literature from recent years matches real world concerns and to emphasise emerging needs, in order to derive implications for economic research. Though ‘bioeconomy economics and policy’ is still far from being a well-established discipline, the current literature seems to recognise scope for its development together with (and contributing to) the development of the bioeconomy as a whole. Several emerging research areas are identified, ranging from the quantification of bioeconomy components and biomass flows, to the political economy of the bioeconomy. However, the economics of the bioeconomy needs most likely to develop not as an independent research area, but rather in close connection with the more ‘traditional’, but highly lively and innovating, areas of agriculture and food economics.
title: A review of the causes of abortion in farm animals with special reference to lesser known bacterial species.
Creators: name: Cassells, James Alexander
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1986

description: A comprehensive review of abortion in farm animals is presented. Initially it includes a study of the most important non-infectious causes other than bacteria. This is followed by more detailed discussion of the common bacterial agents Brucella and Salmonella. In addition the role of other less well recognised causes of abortion Campylobacter, Leptospira species as well as others the more sporadically reported species of Corynebacteria, Haemophilus, Nocardia, Pasteurella, Neisseria,Mycobacteria, Bacillus and Streptococci is discussed in terms of occurrence, clinical symptoms, pathogenicity and pathology. Subsequently other contributory factors such as the immune status following production of antibodies in adult and foetus is discussed. The possibility that mixed infections can contribute to abortion mechanisms is examined. The value of recent diagnostic tools in determining the causative agents of abortion is considered and their significance in controlling abortion in farm animals analysed. Future areas of research including diagnostic investigation is briefly discussed. An extensive Bibliography of references to farm animal abortion is included.
Structural change and agricultural diversification since China’s reforms
Creators: name: Li, Lihua
name: Bellotti, Bill
name: Komarek, Adam M.
name: Li, Lihua
name: Bellotti, Bill
name: Komarek, Adam M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: structural change
subject: growth
subject: agriculture diversification
subject: China

description: Structural change is considered the major engine in fostering a country’s growth. In the agricultural sector, diversification is the commonly used development strategy to increase rural sector’s flexibility, and to respond to improving technologies and market conditions. This study examined agricultural development and transformation during China’s socio-economic reforms. In particular, it empirically investigated whether the change of China’s agricultural structure is consistent with structural change theory and observed outcomes from other countries. The degree of agricultural diversification was quantitatively measured at a regional scale using the Herfindahl index. An underdeveloped province in northwest China was studied to provide insights into the interaction among structural change, agricultural diversification, and implemented development policies. Aggregate-level analyses suggest that China’s agricultural transformation pattern is consistent with those of other developing countries. A specific provincial-level analysis shows that environmentally and economically disadvantaged regions are slower to diversify their economy than better endorsed regions.
Searching for Coherent States: From Origins to Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Martin-Dussaud, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the notion of coherent states from three different perspectives: the seminal approach of Schroedinger, the experimental take of quantum optics, and the theoretical developments in quantum gravity. This comparative study tries to emphasise the connections between the approaches, and to offer a coherent short story of the field, so to speak. It may be useful for pedagogical purposes, as well as for specialists of quantum optics and quantum gravity willing to embed their perspective within a wider landscape.
description: Accepted for publication in Quantum
African-American women's activism and ghetto formation in a Washington, D.C. neighborhood
Creators: name: Williams Paris, Jenell Lora
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 4405
subject: Gender studies

description: How did Northwest One become a ghetto? How and why is it losing its ghetto status? In this research I am concerned with social processes of place construction. I analyze the relationships that have sustained, shaped, and been shaped by a piece of urban land in Washington, DC. Comparing 1960s urban renewal redevelopment with current redevelopment plans illuminates place-making processes that involve historically evolving relationships between residents, planners, developers, policymakers, and other stakeholders. I use ethnographic and historical methods to describe neighborhood change during urban renewal in the 1950s and 1960s, and changes in the same area during the contemporary period of the late 1990s. Interviews, archival data, census data, and ethnographic fieldwork inform my analysis. Space and place theories, and political economy perspectives on urban change guide my interpretations.
Tempering Allorecognition to Induce Transplant Tolerance With Chemically Modified Apoptotic Donor Cells
Creators: name: Galvin, John P
name: Miller, Stephen D
name: Luo, Xunrong
name: McCarthy, D. P.
name: Bryant, J.
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Tolerance
subject: Transplant
subject: Apoptotic cells
subject: Transplantation Tolerance
subject: Transplantation Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Transplantation, Homologous
subject: Histocompatibility Antigens

description: The development of organ transplantation as a therapy for end-stage organ failure is among the most significant achievements of 20th century medicine, but chronic rejection remains a barrier to achieving long-term success. Current therapeutic regimens consist of immunosuppressive drugs that are efficient at delaying rejection but are associated with significant risks such as opportunistic infections, toxicity, and malignancy. Thus, the induction of specific immune tolerance to transplant antigens is the coveted aim of researchers. The use of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (ECDI)-treated, autoantigen-coupled syngeneic leukocytes has been developed as a specific immunotherapy in preclinical models of autoimmunity and is currently in a phase II clinical trial for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. In this review, we discuss the use of allogeneic ECDI-treated apoptotic donor leukocytes (allo-ECDI-SP) as a strategy for inducing antigen-specific tolerance in allogeneic transplantation. Allo-ECDI-SP therapy induces long-term systemic immune tolerance to transplant antigens by subverting alloimmune recognition and exploiting apoptotic cell uptake pathways to recapitulate innate mechanisms of peripheral tolerance. Lastly, we discuss potential indications and challenges for transitioning allo-ECDI-SP therapy into clinical practice.
description: original_citation: McCarthy DP, Bryant J, Galvin JP, Miller SD, Luo, X (2015) Tempering Allorecognition to Induce Transplant Tolerance With Chemically Modified Apoptotic Donor Cells. Am J Transplant 15(6):1475-1483.
Double-Damped Lyman Alpha Absorption: A Possible Large Neutral Hydrogen Gas Filament Near Redshift z=1
Creators: name: Turnshek, David A.
name: Rao, Sandhya M.
name: Nestor, Daniel B.
name: Berk, Daniel Vanden
name: Belfort, Michele
name: Monier, Eric M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of two damped Ly-alpha absorption-line systems (DLAs) near redshift z=1 along a single quasar sightline (Q1727+5302) with neutral hydrogen column densities of N(HI) = (1.45\pm0.15)\times10^{21} and (2.60\pm0.20)\times10^{21} atoms/cm2. Their sightline velocity difference of 13,000 km/s corresponds to a proper separation of 106h_{70}^{-1} Mpc if interpreted as the Hubble flow (Omega_m=0.3, Omega_Lambda=0.7). The random probability of such an occurrence is significantly less than 3%. With follow-up spectroscopy, we find [Zn/H] = -0.58\pm0.15 (26.5% solar) and -1.32\pm0.28 (4.7% solar), respectively, and [Cr/H] = -1.26\pm0.15 (5.5% solar) and -1.77\pm0.28 (1.7% solar), respectively, which is evidence for depletion onto grains. Follow-up IR images show the two most likely DLA galaxy candidates to have impact parameters of 22h_{70}^{-1} kpc and 32h_{70}^{-1} kpc if near z=1. They are significantly underluminous relative to the galaxy population at z=1. To investigate the possibility of additional high-N(HI) absorbers we have searched the SDSS database for z>1 quasars within 30 arcmin of the original sightline. Five were found, and two show strong MgII-FeII absorption near z=1, consistent with classical DLA absorption approx 37% of the time, but almost always N(HI) > 10^{19} atoms/cm2. Consequently, this rare configuration of four high-N(HI) absorbers with a total sightline velocity extent of 30,600 km/s may represent a large filament-like structure stretching over a proper distance of 241h_{70}^{-1} Mpc along our sightline, and a region in space capable of harboring excessive amounts of neutral gas. Future studies of this region of the sky are encouraged.
description: ApJL, accepted
Additional file 1 of Production of drug metabolites by human FMO3 in Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Catucci, Gianluca
name: Gilardi, Gianfranco
name: Sadeghi, Sheila J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Effect of organic solvents (10% v/v) on whole-cell-mediated biotransformation of 2 mM tamoxifen (5-h incubation at 37 °C) compared to control (phosphate buffer pH 8.5). Fig. S1. Fragmentation profile of dasatinib N-oxide. Enzymatic N-oxide product with the molecular ion m/z 504.1 (A) and subsequent result of the cleavage of 387.1, 461.1 and 460.2 in MS (B).
Brachinus (Aploa) pictus Hope 1833
Creators: name: Azadbakhsh, Saeed
name: Mirmoayedi, Alinaghi
name: Jamali, Samad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Brachinus
Brachinus pictus

description: Brachinus (Aploa) pictus Hope, 1833
 Material Examined. Hormozgan province, Bandar Abbas env., 22.IV.2016, S. Azadbakhsh leg. & det. (2 specimens).
 Distribution. Iran, India. and Pakistan. Precise distribution of this species in Iran is unknown. New province record for Hormozgan.
 Biology. The specimens were collected by hand from under stones near the bank of a river.
description: Published as part of Azadbakhsh, Saeed, Mirmoayedi, Alinaghi & Jamali, Samad, 2017, New Faunistic Records of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Southern Iran, pp. 413-418 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 71 (2) on page 413, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-71.2.413, http://zenodo.org/record/4836649
Determinants of enrollment rates of selected ethnic groups in high school honors and advanced placement courses
Creators: name: Ingram, Elizabeth S.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3903
subject: Education systems
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: Disparities in student academic performance among ethnic groups persist or are growing. School systems are attempting to reduce these disparities I but often lack necessary information about how to proceed. To inform policy, this study analyzed disparities in participation in high school Honors and Advanced Placement (HAP) courses by students from four ethnic groups. This study focused on three questions: (1) How large are disparities in HAP participation rates across ethnic groups when controlling for high aptitude? (2) When do disparities in academic performance emerge and when is the best time to intervene? (3) What are the determinants of disparities?; The study analyzed the academic records from grades 3 through 12 of 200 randomly selected high-ability students stratified by ethnic group, and interviews with 40 of these students. The main findings and conclusions were as follows. (1) Differences in the number of HAP courses taken were small and insignificant among Blacks, Whites, and Hispanics but large and significant for Asians when controlling for high aptitude. (2) Differences in academic performance among ethnic groups emerged in elementary school and became statistically significant in grades 7 and 8---suggesting that middle school is a critical time for intervention. Student interviews also indicated that middle school (grades 7 and 8) and the transition from grade 8 to 9 were key times for intervention. (3) Elementary school enrollment in above-grade-level courses mattered most for Hispanics and Blacks, less for Asians, and least for Whites in terms of participation in HAP courses in high school---suggesting that early intervention is most critical for Hispanics and Blacks. (4) As determinants of HAP enrollment, the interviews indicated that school-based (tracking and teacher recruitment), personal (confidence and motivation), and social (comfort in class) factors mattered for all students. Critical differences emerged across ethnic groups in social (comfort level, peer pressure, "acting White"), school (teacher expectations), and family (cultural issues) factors.
Additional file 1 of Comparison of RNA isolation methods on RNA-Seq: implications for differential expression and meta-analyses
Creators: name: Scholes, Amanda N.
name: Lewis, Jeffrey A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. qPCR validation of representative differentially abundant transcripts. Figure S2. Properties of transcripts with differential abundance depending upon RNA isolation method. Figure S3. Properties of transcripts with differential abundance when RIN is included as a factor. Table S1. RNA concentrations and integrity (RIN) values. Table S2. Summary of mapping statistics. Table S3. Correlation coefficient (r) for log2 fold changes versus each factor. Table 4. Log2 fold-abundance changes versus each factor.
CALCULATING MEASURES OF PROTECTION: IS IT ALWAYS APPROPRIATE TO USE WORLD REFERENCE PRICES?
Creators: name: Byerlee, Derek
name: Morris, Michael L.
name: Byerlee, Derek
name: Morris, Michael L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Demand and Price Analysis

description: Protection measures are conventionally calculated using world reference prices. Under certain conditions, world reference prices do not represent a good , · approximation of the prices that can be expected to prevail in the absence of market distortions. Data from Pakistan illustrate how failure to consider these conditions can result in mis-leading policy recommendations .
Determinants of enrollment rates of selected ethnic groups in high school honors and advanced placement courses
Creators: name: Ingram, Elizabeth S.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Disparities in student academic performance among ethnic groups persist or are growing. School systems are attempting to reduce these disparities I but often lack necessary information about how to proceed. To inform policy, this study analyzed disparities in participation in high school Honors and Advanced Placement (HAP) courses by students from four ethnic groups. This study focused on three questions: (1) How large are disparities in HAP participation rates across ethnic groups when controlling for high aptitude? (2) When do disparities in academic performance emerge and when is the best time to intervene? (3) What are the determinants of disparities?; The study analyzed the academic records from grades 3 through 12 of 200 randomly selected high-ability students stratified by ethnic group, and interviews with 40 of these students. The main findings and conclusions were as follows. (1) Differences in the number of HAP courses taken were small and insignificant among Blacks, Whites, and Hispanics but large and significant for Asians when controlling for high aptitude. (2) Differences in academic performance among ethnic groups emerged in elementary school and became statistically significant in grades 7 and 8---suggesting that middle school is a critical time for intervention. Student interviews also indicated that middle school (grades 7 and 8) and the transition from grade 8 to 9 were key times for intervention. (3) Elementary school enrollment in above-grade-level courses mattered most for Hispanics and Blacks, less for Asians, and least for Whites in terms of participation in HAP courses in high school---suggesting that early intervention is most critical for Hispanics and Blacks. (4) As determinants of HAP enrollment, the interviews indicated that school-based (tracking and teacher recruitment), personal (confidence and motivation), and social (comfort in class) factors mattered for all students. Critical differences emerged across ethnic groups in social (comfort level, peer pressure, "acting White"), school (teacher expectations), and family (cultural issues) factors.
Excited state search using quantum annealing
Creators: name: Seki, Yuya
name: Matsuzaki, Yuichiro
name: Kawabata, Shiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum annealing (QA) is one of the ways to search the ground state of the problem Hamiltonian. Here, we propose the QA scheme to search arbitrary excited states of the problem Hamiltonian. In our scheme, an $n$-th excited state of the trivial Hamiltonian is initially prepared and is adiabatically changed into an $n$-th excited state of the target Hamiltonian. Although our scheme is general such that we can search any excited states, we especially discuss the first excited state search in this paper. As a comparison, we consider a non-adiabatic scheme to find the first excited state with non-adiabatic transitions from the ground state. By solving the Lindblad master equation, we evaluate the performance of each scheme under the influence of decoherence. Our conclusion is that the adiabatic scheme show better performance than the non-adiabatic scheme as long as the coherence time of qubits is sufficiently long. These results are important for applications in the area of quantum chemistry, quantum simulation, and post-quantum cryptography.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Applications of real options valuation
Creators: name: Pyatski, Michael A.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation presents three essays, each discussing an application of real options (contingent claim analysis) techniques. These applications involve equipment replacement, computable general equilibrium analysis and valuation of hedge-fund management compensation. This first essay develops and discusses a real options or contingent claim model to value military replacement investments. This model illustrates the problem of optimal replacement investment decisions when investment is "irreversible," in the sense of carrying a discrete or sunk cost. A real options model of replacement investment is developed. The general technique, and especially the numerical method used here, could be readily used for actual investment decision making once access to appropriate data is available. The second essay presents a novel application of computable general equilibrium analysis by incorporating real options effects and detailed modeling of the U.S. financial sector into a computable general equilibrium model. All previously developed computable general equilibrium models have assumed Marshallian present value criteria for modeling equilibrium conditions. In other words, they assumed that marginal costs should be equal to marginal revenues to achieve an optimal allocation in the economy. The real options literature shows that even with a moderate amount of uncertainty, investment is justified only when the current price significantly exceeds the long-run average cost, or the current rate of return on the sunk cost investment exceeds the cost of capital, usually by a large margin. The computable general equilibrium model discussed in the essay simulates the effects of market volatility change and shows that high volatility inversely affects the economy. The objective of the third essay is to provide a framework for the valuation of hedge-fund management compensation payoffs. The present value of typical hedge-fund management compensation payoffs cannot be measured using a standard NPV approach, as the cash flows are not symmetric. The valuation method suggested in the essay uses an analogy between a hedge fund's management compensation package and a portfolio of call options on the assets of the hedge fund. An illustrative numerical example of this valuation procedure is presented.
On the Robustness of Random Forest Against Untargeted Data Poisoning: An Ensemble-Based Approach
Creators: name: Anisetti, Marco
name: Ardagna, Claudio A.
name: Balestrucci, Alessandro
name: Bena, Nicola
name: Damiani, Ernesto
name: Yeun, Chan Yeob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning is becoming ubiquitous. From finance to medicine, machine learning models are boosting decision-making processes and even outperforming humans in some tasks. This huge progress in terms of prediction quality does not however find a counterpart in the security of such models and corresponding predictions, where perturbations of fractions of the training set (poisoning) can seriously undermine the model accuracy. Research on poisoning attacks and defenses received increasing attention in the last decade, leading to several promising solutions aiming to increase the robustness of machine learning. Among them, ensemble-based defenses, where different models are trained on portions of the training set and their predictions are then aggregated, provide strong theoretical guarantees at the price of a linear overhead. Surprisingly, ensemble-based defenses, which do not pose any restrictions on the base model, have not been applied to increase the robustness of random forest models. The work in this paper aims to fill in this gap by designing and implementing a novel hash-based ensemble approach that protects random forest against untargeted, random poisoning attacks. An extensive experimental evaluation measures the performance of our approach against a variety of attacks, as well as its sustainability in terms of resource consumption and performance, and compares it with a traditional monolithic model based on random forest. A final discussion presents our main findings and compares our approach with existing poisoning defenses targeting random forests.
description: Accepted in IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing; 15 pages, 8 figures
What kind of forest is restorative? The current research knowledge on the well-being effects of nature/Millainen metsä elvyttää
Creators: name: Simkin, Jenni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The presentation was held in a seminar that combined the Green Care practician and researchers around Finland. At the presentation, Simkin told the newest research knowledge on the environmental psychology studie about the restorative nature and what kind of nature could be suitable for different kind of green care activities.
Brachinus (Cnecostolus) bagdatensis Pic 1902
Creators: name: Azadbakhsh, Saeed
name: Mirmoayedi, Alinaghi
name: Jamali, Samad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Brachinus
Brachinus bagdatensis

description: Brachinus (Cnecostolus) bagdatensis Pic, 1902
 Material Examined. Bushehr province, Dalaki env., 1.IV.2016, S. Azadbakhsh leg. & det. (2 specimens).
 Distribution. Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey. In Iran, this species is cited from Hormozgan and Kerman provinces by Azadbakhsh and Nozari (2015). New province record for Bushehr.
 Biology. The specimens were collected by light trap.
description: Published as part of Azadbakhsh, Saeed, Mirmoayedi, Alinaghi & Jamali, Samad, 2017, New Faunistic Records of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Southern Iran, pp. 413-418 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 71 (2) on page 413, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-71.2.413, http://zenodo.org/record/4836649
Convocatoria
Creators: name: CONIANDINO 2022
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: El Instituto Superior Politécnico Ciudad de Valencia (Ecuador), la Universidad Nacional ¨San Luis Gonzaga¨ (Perú), el Centro de Investigaciones Avanzadas y Formación Superior en Educación, Salud y Medio Ambiente “AMTAWI” (Perú) y la Federación Universitaria de Docentes - Universidad Autónoma “Tomás Frías” (Bolivia), se complacen en invitarles mediante la modalidad de presentación virtual, a la participación del I Congreso Internacional Andino ¨Educación Superior, Emprendimiento Tecnológico, Sostenibilidad Económica y Social – CONIANDINO 2022¨. El objetivo del evento se sustenta en integrar, la educación superior con el emprendimiento tecnológico que genera desde el sector empresarial y las comunidades locales hacia la sostenibilidad económica y social. Se reconoce, que la participación de los institutos de educación superior, la academia universitaria, sectores empresariales productivos, servidores públicos, comunidades locales y regionales, así como los grupos sociales constituyen motores de pensamiento y transformación para el desarrollo del talento humano y la formación sostenible de nuestra civilización El I Congreso Internacional Andino ¨Educación Superior, Emprendimiento Tecnológico, Sostenibilidad Económica y Social – CONIANDINO 2022¨ pretende ofrecer, un espacio de análisis y reflexión que posibilite desde los esfuerzos no tradicionales y la gestión competitiva de los recursos, a continuar con el desarrollo de la Comunidad Andina; y en lo particular, sobre estos tiempos de la inesperada pandemia por la COVID-19. TEMÁTICAS - Retos de la educación superior - Emprendimiento tecnológico hacia y desde la sociedad - Patrones de sostenibilidad económica y social al desarrollo Mesa redonda - Perspectivas de la educación superior e integración de conocimientos y saberes locales. Taller estudiantil - Formación continua y procesos metodológicos en el semillero de investigación: experiencias y desafíos. formulario: https://forms.gle/Szq9iCbgL8SLiQjy9 resumen. https://forms.gle/uLpZtcX4MjfcBguM7
The Regulation of Heterogenous Non-Point Sources of Pollution Under Imperfect Information
Creators: name: Cabe, Richard
name: Herriges, Joseph A.
name: Cabe, Richard
name: Herriges, Joseph A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This paper discusses the role of infoLmation structure (i.e., information cost, reliability, and distribution among agents) in the design of a regulatory mechanism for controlling non-point source pollution. An ambient concentration tax mechanism is examined for a non-point source pollutant with spatial transport among multiple zones. Imposition of the tax requires costly measurement of ambient concentrations in selected zones, and the selection of zones for measurement must be undertaken without perfect information regarding several parameters of the problem. Potentially crucial information issues in this context include: (a) the cost of measuring ambient concentration may exceed the benefits from imposing the tax, though these costs can be substantially reduced by carefully targeting monitoring sites; (b) producers' responses to the tax depend on prior beliefs regarding the fate and transport mechanism, and the efficacy of the ambient tax will depend upon the regulator's ability to ascertain and, perhaps, modify those beliefs; and (c) without regard to the extent to which the ambient concentration tax is imposed, it may be optimal for the regulator to acquire additional information regarding the fate and transport mechanism, either for the entire region or for specified "problem" zones.
Strong constraints on thermal relic dark matter from Fermi-LAT observations of the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Abazajian, Kevork N.
name: Horiuchi, Shunsaku
name: Kaplinghat, Manoj
name: Keeley, Ryan E.
name: Macias, Oscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extended excess toward the Galactic Center (GC) in gamma rays inferred from Fermi-LAT observations has been interpreted as being due to dark matter (DM) annihilation. Here, we perform new likelihood analyses of the GC and show that, when including templates for the stellar galactic and nuclear bulges, the GC shows no significant detection of a DM annihilation template, even after generous variations in the Galactic diffuse emission models and a wide range of DM halo profiles. We include Galactic diffuse emission models with combinations of three-dimensional inverse Compton maps, variations of interstellar gas maps, and a central source of electrons. For the DM profile, we include both spherical and ellipsoidal DM morphologies and a range of radial profiles from steep cusps to kiloparsec-sized cores, motivated in part by hydrodynamical simulations. Our derived upper limits on the dark matter annihilation flux place strong constraints on DM properties. In the case of the pure $b$-quark annihilation channel, our limits on the annihilation cross section are more stringent than those from the Milky Way dwarfs up to DM masses of approximately TeV and rule out the thermal relic cross section up to approximately 300 GeV. Better understanding of the DM profile, as well as the Fermi-LAT data at its highest energies, would further improve the sensitivity to DM properties.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures. V2: more IC rings included, profile likelihood corrected, more tests added; main results and conclusions unchanged. V3: corrected typo found in Tab. II. Matches version published in PRD
The Missing X-ray Background
Creators: name: Comastri, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fraction of the hard X-ray background (XRB) resolved into individual sources by the deep Chandra and XMM-Newton surveys strongly depends on the adopted energy range and decreases with increasing energy. As a consequence, the nature of the sources of the even harder (>10 keV) XRB remains observationally poorly constrained. I will briefly discuss the need for X-ray observations above 10 keV.
description: to appear in the proceedings of 'Multiwavelength AGN surveys' (Cozumel, December 8-12 2003), ed. R. Maiolino and R. Mujica
title: Assessing the potential of upcoming laser-driven neutron sources and their practical applications for industry and society
Creators: name: Zimmer, Marc
name: Rösch, Thomas F.
name: Scheuren, Stefan
name: Seupel, Thomas
name: Jäger, Tim
name: Kohl, Jonas
name: Hofmann, Daniel
name: Schaumann, Gabriel
name: Roth, Markus
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2025

description: Laser-driven neutron sources (LDNS) are an emerging technology with significant potential. The most promising types of LDNS are based on laser wakefield acceleration or target normal sheath acceleration, driven in a "pitcher-catcher" configuration. In this publication, we estimate the performance of LDNS once they have been optimized for industrial-scale usage and identify for which applications they can be used. For this purpose, we evaluate the current laser developments and identify the three most promising laser systems that can be used to cover the most relevant applications. A scaling system is then derived to predict the neutron production rate for each of the three systems. The first system is expected to produce 8×10⁸ ns⁻¹ to 8×10⁹ ns⁻¹ for thermalized neutrons. The second one 1×10¹¹ ns⁻¹ for fast neutrons and the third one 1×10¹⁴ ns⁻¹ to 1×10¹⁵ ns⁻¹ fast neutrons. This is followed by an evaluation of possible applications that can be driven with each of the different LDNS system. We conclude with a comparison of the scaling law and the neutron production rate to existing experimental data and scaling laws from other groups to evaluate the accuracy of the model and the estimates for the different applications.
Applications of real options valuation
Creators: name: Pyatski, Michael A.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: This dissertation presents three essays, each discussing an application of real options (contingent claim analysis) techniques. These applications involve equipment replacement, computable general equilibrium analysis and valuation of hedge-fund management compensation. This first essay develops and discusses a real options or contingent claim model to value military replacement investments. This model illustrates the problem of optimal replacement investment decisions when investment is "irreversible," in the sense of carrying a discrete or sunk cost. A real options model of replacement investment is developed. The general technique, and especially the numerical method used here, could be readily used for actual investment decision making once access to appropriate data is available. The second essay presents a novel application of computable general equilibrium analysis by incorporating real options effects and detailed modeling of the U.S. financial sector into a computable general equilibrium model. All previously developed computable general equilibrium models have assumed Marshallian present value criteria for modeling equilibrium conditions. In other words, they assumed that marginal costs should be equal to marginal revenues to achieve an optimal allocation in the economy. The real options literature shows that even with a moderate amount of uncertainty, investment is justified only when the current price significantly exceeds the long-run average cost, or the current rate of return on the sunk cost investment exceeds the cost of capital, usually by a large margin. The computable general equilibrium model discussed in the essay simulates the effects of market volatility change and shows that high volatility inversely affects the economy. The objective of the third essay is to provide a framework for the valuation of hedge-fund management compensation payoffs. The present value of typical hedge-fund management compensation payoffs cannot be measured using a standard NPV approach, as the cash flows are not symmetric. The valuation method suggested in the essay uses an analogy between a hedge fund's management compensation package and a portfolio of call options on the assets of the hedge fund. An illustrative numerical example of this valuation procedure is presented.
Local Hilbert space fragmentation and weak thermalization in Bose-Hubbard diamond necklaces
Creators: name: Nicolau, Eloi
name: Marques, Anselmo M.
name: Mompart, Jordi
name: Ahufinger, Verònica
name: Dias, Ricardo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Bose-Hubbard models in a family of diamond necklace lattices with $n$ central sites. The single-particle spectrum of these models presents compact localized states (CLSs) that occupy the up and down sites of each diamond. By performing an appropriate basis rotation, the fragmentation of the many-boson Hilbert space becomes apparent in the adjacency graph of the Hamiltonian, showing disconnected sub-sectors with a wide range of dimensions. The models present a conserved quantity related to the occupation of the single-particle CLSs that uniquely identifies the different sub-sectors of the many-boson Hilbert space. Due to the fragmentation of the Hilbert space, the distribution of entanglement entropies of the system presents a nested-dome structure. We find weak thermalization through sub-sector-restricted entanglement evolution and a wide range of entanglement entropy scalings from area-law to logarithmic growth. Additionally, we observe how the distinguishability between the different domes increases with the number of central sites and we explain the mechanism behind this fact by analyzing the graph structure of the Hamiltonian.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
The impact of Jewish education on the moral reasoning of Jewish high school students: An exploratory study
Creators: name: Hodin, Louise Klein
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: Jewish education has always included the teaching of morals and values. Most Jewish parents have sought Jewish education for their children within the congregational, supplementary school setting. Today, Jewish parents are considering other options to provide this form of education. They are looking toward the day school as a means of providing an extensive Jewish education, which means an education based on Jewish morals and values. This study looks at the Jewish education of two groups of mainly Conservative Jewish high school students, one group that attends a communal day high school and the other an after-school congregational supplementary school. Both of these schools would be considered excellent within the criteria of "effective school" research. The day school chosen is one of the largest communal high schools in the country, with an ever-increasing enrollment and one of the highest four-year college acceptance rates. Retention numbers is the significant criterion for excellence within the after-school educational system, and the supplementary school chosen has a retention rate of more seventy-five percent for the high school program. The Defining Issues Test (DIT) was administered to both groups of students within the school setting to determine if Jewish education affected their moral reasoning. The assumption was made that the more Jewish education a student had acquired, the greater the opportunity for morals and values to be instilled in that teenager. In addition to the DIT, the students were administered a questionnaire named by the researcher, the Level of Jewish Observance (LJO). The results of the DIT were used to compare the moral reasoning of the two groups of students, and the scored results of the questionnaire were analyzed to test for the influence of religiosity on the moral reasoning of the two groups. Although the results of the statistical analysis showed little significant difference between the two groups of students based on their moral reasoning, differences were seen in the results of the religiosity scores of the questionnaire. While both groups of students had above average scores on the LJO, the day school students did score higher on this religiosity test. The Jewish identity of both groups of students was compared; both groups showed a strong Jewish identity.