cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bridging transitions for spheres and cylinders
Creators: name: Malijevský, Alexandr
name: Parry, Andrew O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study bridging transitions between spherically and cylindrically shaped particles (colloids) of radius $R$ separated by a distance $H$ that are dissolved in a bulk fluid (solvent). Using macroscopics, microscopic density functional theory and finite-size scaling theory we study the location and order of the bridging transition and also the stability of the liquid bridges which determines spinodal lines. The location of the bridging transitions is similar for cylinders and spheres, so that for example, at bulk coexistence the distance $H_b$ at which a transition between bridged and unbridged configurations occurs, is proportional to the colloid radius $R$. However all other aspects, and, in particular, the stability of liquid bridges, are very different in the two systems. Thus, for cylinders the bridging transition is typically strongly first-order, while for spheres it may be first-order, critical or rounded as determined by a critical radius $R_c$. The influence of thick wetting films and fluctuation effects beyond mean-field are also discussed in depth.
The social dilemma of autonomous vehicles
Creators: name: Bonnefon, Jean-François
name: Shariff, Azim
name: Rahwan, Iyad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) should reduce traffic accidents, but they will sometimes have to choose between two evils-for example, running over pedestrians or sacrificing itself and its passenger to save them. Defining the algorithms that will help AVs make these moral decisions is a formidable challenge. We found that participants to six MTurk studies approved of utilitarian AVs (that sacrifice their passengers for the greater good), and would like others to buy them, but they would themselves prefer to ride in AVs that protect their passengers at all costs. They would disapprove of enforcing utilitarian AVs, and would be less willing to buy such a regulated AV. Accordingly, regulating for utilitarian algorithms may paradoxically increase casualties by postponing the adoption of a safer technology.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Cumulants of the QCD topological charge distribution
Creators: name: Guo, Feng-Kun
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distribution of the QCD topological charge can be described by cumulants, with the lowest one being the topological susceptibility. The vacuum energy density in a theta-vacuum is the generating function for these cumulants. In this paper, we derive the vacuum energy density in SU(2) chiral perturbation theory up to next-to-leading order keeping different up and down quark masses, which can be used to calculate any cumulant of the topological charge distribution. We also give the expression for the case of SU(N) with degenerate quark masses. In this case, all cumulants depend on the same linear combination of low-energy constants and chiral logarithm, and thus there are sum rules between the N-flavor quark condensate and the cumulants free of next-to-leading order corrections.
description: match the version published in PLB
The evolving concept of liver cancer stem cells
Creators: name: Kaneko, Shuichi
name: Yamashita, Taro
name: Nio, Kouki
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Liver cancer is an often fatal malignant tumor with a high recurrence rate and chemoresistance. The major malignant phenotypes of cancer, including recurrence, metastasis, and chemoresistance, are related to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). In the past few decades, CSCs have been identified and characterized in many tumors including liver cancer. Accumulated evidence has revealed many aspects of the biological behavior of liver CSCs and the mechanism of their regulation. Based on these findings, a number of studies have investigated eradication of liver CSCs. This review focuses on the recent advances in our understanding of the biology of liver CSCs and the development of strategies for their treatment.
Supplemental text and table S2
Creators: name: Martínez Serrano, Antonio
name: Radaelli, Régis
name: Freitas, Tomás T.
name: Alcaraz, Pedro E.
name: Freitas, Sandro R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420701
subject: Biomechanics
classificationCode: 420702
subject: Exercise physiology
classificationCode: 420703
subject: Motor control

description: Supplemental text and table S2
Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Induce a Collagen Cross-link Switch in Tumor Stroma
Creators: name: Hanash, Samir M.
name: Cuentas, Edwin Roger Parra
name: Yamauchi, Mitsuo
name: Schliekelman, Mark J.
name: Terajima, Masahiko
name: Chen, Yulong
name: Ahn, Young-Ho
name: Baird, Brandi N.
name: Vadakkan, Tegy J.
name: Creighton, Chad J.
name: Gill, Bartley J.
name: Kim, Min P.
name: Hicks, John M.
name: Grande-Allen, K. Jane
name: Liu, Xin
name: Pankova, Daniela
name: Roybal, Jonathon D.
name: West, Jennifer L.
name: Kurie, Jonathan M.
name: Rodriguez, Jaime
name: Dickinson, Mary E.
name: Sun, Li
name: Gibbons, Don L.
name: Fahrenholtz, Monica
name: Wistuba, Ignacio I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Intratumoral collagen cross-links heighten stromal stiffness and stimulate tumor cell invasion, but it is unclear how collagen cross-linking is regulated in epithelial tumors. To address this question, we used KrasLA1 mice, which develop lung adenocarcinomas from somatic activation of a KrasG12D allele. The lung tumors in KrasLA1 mice were highly fibrotic and contained cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that produced collagen and generated stiffness in collagen gels. In xenograft tumors generated by injection of wild-type mice with lung adenocarcinoma cells alone or in combination with CAFs, the total concentration of collagen cross-links was the same in tumors generated with or without CAFs, but co-injected tumors had higher hydroxylysine aldehyde-derived collagen cross-links (HLCCs) and lower lysine-aldehyde-derived collagen cross-links (LCCs). Therefore, we postulated that an LCC-to-HLCC switch induced by CAFs promotes the migratory and invasive properties of lung adenocarcinoma cells. To test this hypothesis, we created co-culture models in which CAFs are positioned interstitially or peripherally in tumor cell aggregates, mimicking distinct spatial orientations of CAFs in human lung cancer. In both contexts, CAFs enhanced the invasive properties of tumor cells in 3-dimensional (3D) collagen gels. Tumor cell aggregates that attached to CAF networks on a Matrigel surface dissociated and migrated on the networks. Lysyl hydroxylase 2 (PLOD2/LH2), which drives HLCC formation, was expressed in CAFs, and LH2 depletion abrogated the ability of CAFs to promote tumor cell invasion and migration.
ERK/MAPK Signaling Drives Overexpression of the Rac-GEF, PREX1, in BRAF- and NRAS-Mutant Melanoma
Creators: name: Thomas, Nancy E.
name: Finn, Alexander J.
name: Cox, Adrienne D.
name: Der, Channing J.
name: Pedone, Katherine H.
name: Ryan, Meagan B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Recently we identified that PREX1 overexpression is critical for metastatic but not tumorigenic growth in a mouse model of NRAS-driven melanoma. In addition, a PREX1 gene signature correlated with and was dependent on ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in human melanoma cell lines. In the current study, the underlying mechanism of PREX1 overexpression in human melanoma was assessed. PREX1 protein levels were increased in melanoma tumor tissues and cell lines compared with benign nevi and normal melanocytes, respectively. Suppression of PREX1 by siRNA impaired invasion but not proliferation in vitro. PREX1-dependent invasion was attributable to PREX1-mediated activation of the small GTPase RAC1 but not the related small GTPase CDC42. Pharmacologic inhibition of ERK signaling reduced PREX1 gene transcription and additionally regulated PREX1 protein stability. This ERK-dependent upregulation of PREX1 in melanoma, due to both increased gene transcription and protein stability, contrasts with the mechanisms identified in breast and prostate cancers, where PREX1 overexpression was driven by gene amplification and HDAC-mediated gene transcription, respectively. Thus, although PREX1 expression is aberrantly upregulated and regulates RAC1 activity and invasion in these three different tumor types, the mechanisms of its upregulation are distinct and context-dependent.
A Viable Care Migration Framework for Australia's Ageing Population
Creators: name: RACHEL MORRISON-DAYAN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 111001 Aged Care Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 160303 Migration
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The thesis investigates how Australia’s migration framework ought to be optimally structured to source migrant personal care workers (MPCWs) in the context of an ageing population, a prospective aged-care deficit, and the need for MPCWs in niche sub-sectors, including Australia’s culturally and linguistically diverse and more remote populations. The thesis makes concrete recommendations to improve the Labour Agreement stream of the Temporary Skills Shortage visa program, and concludes that a new low-skill visa would be the optimal way to source MPCWs. The thesis also analyses the reasons why MPCWs not been sourced through the more accessible standard business nomination stream.
Identifying Potential Bace-1 Enzyme Inhibitors /Lead Small Molecules: Relevance to Alzheimer’s Diseases
Creators: name: G., Deepak
name: Rao, Dr. A. Dinakara
name: Khan, Mohammad Babu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80301 Bioinformatics Software

description: It is unclear what causes Alzheimer's disease. However, genetic data support the amyloid hypothesis, which states that abnormal beta-amyloid protein aggregation initiates the illness process. There is a lengthy pre-clinical stage of Alzheimer's disease. The terrible consequences of amyloidogenic diseases like Alzheimer's. More than 7000 tiny molecules have been screened from ZINC subsets and exposed to 165 compounds and 16. From a research perspective, I have examined numerous databases like the ZINC Subset, PubChem compound database, and Drug bank database. For docking investigations, these processed molecules were employed. The docking study enabled us to locate a small number of compounds with good inhibitory interactions with the protein, i.e., chemicals that impede the protein's function. These final compounds underwent drug-likeness testing and methods for ADME descriptor validation. These substances or molecules may help develop potent medications to treat Alzheimer's. To determine which protein had the lowest energy conformation and was, therefore, the most stable, a molecular dynamic of the protein was run.
SIX1 Oncoprotein as a Biomarker in a Model of Hormonal Carcinogenesis and in Human Endometrial Cancer
Creators: name: Padilla-Banks, Elizabeth
name: Wood, Charles E.
name: Jefferson, Wendy N.
name: Suen, Alisa A.
name: Bae-Jump, Victoria L.
name: Williams, Carmen J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The oncofetal protein sine oculis-related homeobox 1 (SIX1) is a developmental transcription factor associated with carcinogenesis in several human cancer types, but has not been investigated in human endometrial cancer. In a model of hormonal carcinogenesis, mice neonatally exposed to the soy phytoestrogen genistein (GEN) or the synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) develop endometrial cancer as adults. Previously, we demonstrated that SIX1 becomes aberrantly expressed in the uteri of these mice. Here we used this mouse model to investigate the role of SIX1 expression in endometrial carcinoma development and used human tissue microarrays to explore the utility of SIX1 as a biomarker in human endometrial cancer. In mice neonatally exposed to GEN or DES, the Six1 transcript level increased dramatically over time in uteri at 6, 12, and 18 months of age and was associated with development of endometrial carcinoma. SIX1 protein localized within abnormal basal cells and all atypical hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions. These findings indicate that developmental estrogenic chemical exposure induces persistent endometrial SIX1 expression that is strongly associated with abnormal cell differentiation and cancer development. In human endometrial tissue specimens, SIX1 was not present in normal endometrium but was expressed in a subset of endometrial cancers in patients who were also more likely to have late-stage disease. These findings identify SIX1 as a disease biomarker in a model of hormonal carcinogenesis and suggest that SIX1 plays a role in endometrial cancer development in both mice and women.
Raw milk, regulation and multiplicity: uncovering the object(s) of regulation
Creators: name: ALANNA MARION LINN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This thesis looks at why the regulation of raw milk is contested, particularly in countries where its sale as a food is banned. It focuses on how different people, such as regulators and producers, can conceptualise raw milk as fundamentally different. It then highlights the potential for food safety regulation to better acknowledge, and responded to, different versions of food and risk.
Coronal sources and in situ properties of the solar winds sampled by ACE during 1999-2008
Creators: name: Fu, Hui
name: Li, Bo
name: Li, Xing
name: Huang, Zhenghua
name: Mou, Chaozhou
name: Jiao, Fangran
name: Xia, Lidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify the coronal sources of the solar winds sampled by the ACE spacecraft during 1999-2008, and examine the in situ solar wind properties as a function of wind sources. The standard two-step mapping technique is adopted to establish the photospheric footpoints of the magnetic flux tubes along which the ACE winds flow. The footpoints are then placed in the context of EIT 284~Å images and photospheric magnetograms, allowing us to categorize the sources into four groups: coronal holes (CHs), active regions (ARs), the quiet Sun (QS), and "Undefined". This practice also enables us to establish the response to solar activity of the fractions occupied by each kind of solar winds, and of their speeds and O$^{7+}$/O$^{6+}$ ratios measured in situ. We find that during the maximum phase, the majority of ACE winds originate from ARs. During the declining phase, CHs and ARs are equally important contributors to the ACE solar winds. The QS contribution increases with decreasing solar activity, and maximizes in the minimum phase when QS appear to be the primary supplier of the ACE winds. With decreasing activity, the winds from all sources tend to become cooler, as represented by the increasingly low O$^{7+}$/O$^{6+}$ ratios. On the other hand, during each activity phase, the AR winds tend to be the slowest and associated with the highest O$^{7+}$/O$^{6+}$ ratios, and the CH winds correspond to the other extreme, with the QS winds lying in between. Applying the same analysis method to the slow winds only, here defined as the winds with speeds lower than 500 km s$^{-1}$, we find basically the same overall behavior, as far as the contributions of individual groups of sources are concerned. This statistical study indicates that QS regions are an important source of the solar wind during the minimum phase.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Potential Barriers to Indonesia’s Participation in the International Criminal Court
Creators: name: FERRY JUNIGWAN MURDIANSYAH
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This thesis is a study on 3 (three) articles of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, namely article 13(b), 98(2) and 16 from the perspective of the Indonesian government. The Indonesian government has planned to accede to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court for a long time, however has yet doing so. One particular reason that the author obtained from prior interaction with several Indonesian government officials was that the United States, being as one of the permanent members of the UN Security Council, is not a party to the Rome Statute. This thesis concludes that an alternative mechanism is favorable to stimulate better trust from the international community, especially non state party to the Rome Statute, such as Indonesia.
Immunophenotyping and Transcriptomic Outcomes in PDX-Derived TNBC Tissue
Creators: name: Ghanekar, Smita
name: Ferguson, Mitchell
name: Dillmore, W. Shannon
name: Hahn, Friedrich
name: Snowden, Eileen
name: Parker, Joel S.
name: Blaesius, Rainer
name: Porter, Warren
name: Middlebrook, Aaron
name: Tong, Frances
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Cancer tissue functions as an ecosystem of a diverse set of cells that interact in a complex tumor microenvironment (TME). Genomic tools applied to biopsies in bulk fail to account for this tumor heterogeneity while single cell imaging methods limit the number of cells which can be assessed or are very resource intensive. The current study presents methods based on flow cytometric analysis and cell sorting using known cell surface markers (eg, CD184, CD24, CD90) to identify and interrogate distinct groups of cells in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) clinical biopsy specimens from patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. The results demonstrate that flow cytometric analysis allows a relevant subgrouping of cancer tissue and that sorting of these subgroups provides insights on cancer cell populations with unique, reproducible and functionally divergent gene expression profiles. The discovery of a drug resistance signature implies that uncovering the functional interaction between these populations will lead to deeper understanding of cancer progression and drug response. Implications: PDX-derived human breast cancer tissue was investigated at the single cell level and cell subpopulations defined by surface markers were identified which suggest specific roles for distinct cellular compartments within a solid tumor.
Giller v Procopets: seeking a remedy for revenge porn
Creators: name: Thompson, Amanda
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis focuses on the emerging trend of revenge porn using the Victorian Supreme Court case of Giller v Procopets [2008] VSCA 236 as a case study. In that case, Mr Procopets surreptitiously filmed himself and Ms Giller engaging in sexual activities and when the relationship broke down, he attempted to show the videotapes to her family, friends and employer. That scenario is today repeated all over the internet, where increasing numbers of disgruntled former partners upload explicit films or photos of their partners in an effort to harass and humiliate them in public. This thesis will apply Michel Foucault's analysis of power structures to demonstrate the connection between revenge porn and the sexual double standard discourse in society and with this connection in mind, the most appropriate legal cause of action will be considered.
title: Editorial: A Brief Perspective to the Development of Emerging Thermoelectric Materials
Creators: name: Qin, Zhenzhen
name: Zhang, Hongbin
name: Qin, Guangzhao
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: The ever-growing energy issue brings forth a strong impetus for efficient harvesting and conversion of heat into electrical energy, where thermoelectric (TE) materials play a pivotal role. Such materials provide a simple and environmentally friendly solution for the thermoelectric conversion, applicable for automobiles and high-power electrical appliances which produce lots of waste heat.
Metabolic Reprogramming by Folate Restriction Leads to a Less Aggressive Cancer Phenotype
Creators: name: Hursting, Stephen D.
name: Du, Xiuxia
name: Ashkavand, Zahra
name: O'Flanagan, Ciara
name: Hennig, Mirko
name: Krupenko, Sergey A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Folate coenzymes are involved in biochemical reactions of one-carbon transfer, and deficiency of this vitamin impairs cellular proliferation, migration and survival in many cell types. Here the effect of folate restriction on mammary cancer was evaluated using three distinct breast cancer subtypes differing in their aggressiveness and metastatic potential: non-invasive basal-like (E-Wnt), invasive but minimally metastatic claudin-low (M-Wnt), and highly metastatic claudin-low (metM-Wntliver) cell lines, each derived from the same pool of MMTV-Wnt-1 transgenic mouse mammary tumors. NMR-based metabolomics was used to quantitate 41 major metabolites in cells grown in folate-free medium versus standard medium. Each cell line demonstrated metabolic reprogramming when grown in folate-free medium. In E-Wnt, M-Wnt and metM-Wntliver cells 12, 29, and 25 metabolites, respectively, were significantly different (p<0.05 and at least 1.5-fold change). The levels of eight metabolites (aspartate, ATP, creatine, creatine phosphate, formate, serine, taurine and β-alanine) were changed in each folate-restricted cell line. Increased glucose, decreased lactate, and inhibition of glycolysis, cellular proliferation, migration and invasion occurred in M-Wnt and metM-Wntliver cells (but not E-Wnt cells) grown in folate-free versus standard medium. These effects were accompanied by altered levels of several folate-metabolizing enzymes, indicating that the observed metabolic reprogramming may result from both decreased folate availability and altered folate metabolism. These findings reveal that folate restriction results in metabolic and bioenergetic changes and a less aggressive cancer cell phenotype.
Stochastic path integral formalism for continuous quantum measurement
Creators: name: Chantasri, Areeya
name: Jordan, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize and extend the stochastic path integral formalism and action principle for continuous quantum measurement introduced in [A. Chantasri, J. Dressel and A. N. Jordan, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 88}, 042110 (2013)], where the optimal dynamics, such as the most-likely paths, are obtained by extremizing the action of the path integral. In this work, we apply exact functional methods as well as develop a perturbative approach to investigate the statistical behaviour of continuous quantum measurement, with examples given for the qubit case. For qubit measurement with zero qubit Hamiltonian, we find analytic solutions for average trajectories and their variances while conditioning on fixed initial and final states. For qubit measurement with unitary evolution, we use the perturbation method to compute expectation values, variances, and multi-time correlation functions of qubit trajectories in the short-time regime. Moreover, we consider continuous qubit measurement with feedback control, using the action principle to investigate the global dynamics of its most-likely paths, and finding that in an ideal case, qubit state stabilization at any desired pure state is possible with linear feedback. We also illustrate the power of the functional method by computing correlation functions for the qubit trajectories with a feedback loop to stabilize the qubit Rabi frequency.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures and 1 table
Clonal somatic copy number altered driver events inform drug sensitivity in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
Creators: name: Martins, Filipe Correia
name: Couturier, Dominique-Laurent
name: de Santiago, Ines
name: Sauer, Carolin Margarethe
name: Vias, Maria
name: Angelova, Mihaela
name: Sanders, Deborah
name: Piskorz, Anna
name: Hall, James
name: Hosking, Karen
name: Amirthanayagam, Anumithra
name: Cosulich, Sabina
name: Carnevalli, Larissa
name: Davies, Barry
name: Watkins, Thomas BK
name: Funingana, Ionut G
name: Bolton, Helen
name: Haldar, Krishnayan
name: Latimer, John
name: Baldwin, Peter
name: Crawford, Robin
name: Eldridge, Matthew
name: Basu, Bristi
name: Jimenez-Linan, Mercedes
name: Mcpherson, Andrew W
name: McGranahan, Nicholas
name: Litchfield, Kevin
name: Shah, Sohrab P
name: McNeish, Iain
name: Caldas, Carlos
name: Evan, Gerard
name: Swanton, Charles
name: Brenton, James D
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: Tumour Biology
Signalling & Oncogenes
Genetics & Genomics
Genome Integrity & Repair
Human Biology & Physiology
Chemical Biology & High Throughput
Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
Computational & Systems Biology

description: Chromosomal instability is a major challenge to patient stratification and targeted drug development for high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). Here we show that somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) in frequently amplified HGSOC cancer genes significantly correlate with gene expression and methylation status. We identify five prevalent clonal driver SCNAs (chromosomal amplifications encompassing MYC, PIK3CA, CCNE1, KRAS and TERT) from multi-regional HGSOC data and reason that their strong selection should prioritise them as key biomarkers for targeted therapies. We use primary HGSOC spheroid models to test interactions between in vitro targeted therapy and SCNAs. MYC chromosomal copy number is associated with in-vitro and clinical response to paclitaxel and in-vitro response to mTORC1/2 inhibition. Activation of the mTOR survival pathway in the context of MYC-amplified HGSOC is statistically associated with increased prevalence of SCNAs in genes from the PI3K pathway. Co-occurrence of amplifications in MYC and genes from the PI3K pathway is independently observed in squamous lung cancer and triple negative breast cancer. In this work, we show that identifying co-occurrence of clonal driver SCNA genes could be used to tailor therapeutics for precision medicine.
Asplenium abscissum Willd., Sp. Pl.
Creators: name: Kessler, Michael
name: Smith, Alan R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Aspleniaceae
Asplenium
Asplenium abscissum

description: Asplenium abscissum Willd., Sp. Pl. 5(1): 321. 1810.
 Range:— Florida; Antilles; southern Mexico to Bolivia (BE, CO, LP, SC, TA) and Uruguay.
 Ecology:— Fairly common; terrestrial and saxicolous, rarely on fallen logs or epiphytic, in humid forests; 300– 2200 m.
 Notes:— Two varieties are recognized in Bolivia: var. abscissum, with acute to acuminate pinnae having <18 vein pairs, and var. subaequilaterale Rosenst., with long-acuminate pinnae having>18 vein pairs.
 May be confused with Hymenasplenium delitescens, which has creeping rhizomes with swollen petiolar bases, toothed rhizome scales, unwinged rachises, and often diplazioid sori (i.e., arranged back-to-back on the same vein).
description: Published as part of Kessler, Michael & Smith, Alan R., 2018, Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXIX. Aspleniaceae, pp. 259-280 in Phytotaxa 344 (3) on pages 259-280, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.344.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13720625
Nuclear Localized LSR: A Novel Regulator of Breast Cancer Behavior and Tumorigenesis
Creators: name: Fagan-Solis, Katerina D.
name: Troester, Melissa A.
name: Reaves, Denise K.
name: McDonald, David
name: Jima, Dereje D.
name: Hoadley, Katherine A.
name: Hicks, Jyla
name: Bereman, Michael
name: Fleming, Jodie M.
name: Thorpe, Lynnelle
name: Perou, Charles M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Lipolysis Stimulated Lipoprotein Receptor (LSR) has been found in the plasma membrane and is believed to function in lipoprotein endocytosis and tight junctions. Given the impact of cellular metabolism and junction signaling pathways on tumor phenotypes and patient outcome, it is important to understand how LSR cellular localization mediates its functions. We conducted localization studies, evaluated DNA binding, and examined the effects of nuclear LSR in cells, xenografts, and clinical specimens. We found LSR within the membrane, cytoplasm, and the nucleus of breast cancer cells representing multiple intrinsic subtypes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) showed direct binding of LSR to DNA, and sequence analysis identified putative functional motifs and post-translational modifications of the LSR protein. While neither overexpression of transcript variants, nor pharmacological manipulation of post-translational modification significantly altered localization, inhibition of nuclear export enhanced nuclear localization, suggesting a mechanism for nuclear retention. Co-immunoprecipitation and proximal ligation assays indicated LSR-pericentrin interactions, presenting potential mechanisms for nuclear-localized LSR. The clinical significance of LSR was evaluated using data from over 1,100 primary breast tumors, which showed high LSR levels in basal-like tumors and tumors from African-Americans. In tumors histosections, nuclear localization was significantly associated with poor outcomes. Finally, in vivo xenograft studies revealed that basal-like breast cancer cells that over-express LSR exhibited both membrane and nuclear localization, and developed tumors with 100% penetrance, while control cells lacking LSR developed no tumors. These results show that nuclear LSR alters gene expression and may promote aggressive cancer phenotypes.
Asplenium achalense Hieron., Bot. Jahrb. Syst.
Creators: name: Kessler, Michael
name: Smith, Alan R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Aspleniaceae
Asplenium
Asplenium achalense

description: Asplenium achalense Hieron., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 22: 378. 1896.
 Range:— Bolivia (CH, CO, LP, SC, TA) to northwestern Argentina.
 Ecology:— Locally fairly common; epiphytic, terrestrial, and saxicolous in semihumid forests, especially with Weinmannia L. and Podocarpus L.Her. ex Pers.; 1050–3300 m.
 Notes:— The distinctions between A. achalense and A. serra, as well as between related species (A. incurvatum, A. mosetenense, and A. tunquiniense), remain poorly understood (Kessler & Smith 2006). In addition to the characters presented in the key, A. achalense tends to have blades with more strongly reduced distal pinnae (distal pinnae <50% as long as longest pinnae vs.>50% in A. serra) and more strongly biserrate pinna margins (vs. margins more finely and regularly serrulate). Juvenile plants of A. achalense have strongly dissected leaves that are often up to 1-pinnate-pinnatisect in earliest leaves and become gradually less dissected as plants grow. In contrast, the earliest leaves of A. serra are typically undivided, resembling the terminal pinna of the mature plants, and only with age and size do the leaves attain additional lateral pinnae. Distinctions between A. achalense and A. serra are also supported by a molecular and morphometric study (Jonas 2011). However, three other species recognized here and by Kessler & Smith (2006; A. incurvatum, A. mosetenense, and A. tunquiniense) were found by Jonas (2011) to nest within A. achalense, using molecular and morphometric data, and can be recognized only by the rhizome scale characters used in our key. To complicate matters, “ A. serra ”, as described in some Argentinean floras (de la Sota 1977, Ganem et al. 2007), is not identical to A. serra as recognized here and actually represents a variant of A. achalense as delimited by Kessler & Smith (2006) and here; it is possible that true A. serra does not occur in northeastern Argentina (Jonas 2011). Asplenium achalense may thus best be interpreted as a species complex; pending further research we choose to maintain five separate species, in order to call attention to the taxonomic issues.
description: Published as part of Kessler, Michael & Smith, Alan R., 2018, Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXIX. Aspleniaceae, pp. 259-280 in Phytotaxa 344 (3) on pages 259-280, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.344.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13720625
Poisson Lie symmetry and D-branes in WZW model on the Heisenberg Lie group $H_4$
Creators: name: Eghbali, A.
name: Rezaei-Aghdam, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the WZW model on the Heisenberg Lie group $H_4$ has Poisson-Lie symmetry only when the dual Lie group is ${ A}_2 \oplus 2{ A}_1$. In this way, we construct the mutual T-dual sigma models on Drinfel'd double generated by the Heisenberg Lie group $H_4$ and its dual pair, ${ A}_2 \oplus 2{ A}_1$, as the target space in such a way that the original model is the same as the $H_4$ WZW model. Furthermore, we show that the dual model is conformal up to two loops order. Finally, we discuss $D$-branes and the worldsheet boundary conditions defined by a gluing matrix on the $H_4$ WZW model. Using the duality map obtained from the canonical transformation description of the Poisson-Lie T-duality transformations for the gluing matrix which locally defines the properties of the $D$-brane, we find two different cases of the gluing matrices for the WZW model based on the Heisenberg Lie group $H_4$ and its dual model.
description: 17 pages
Asplenium alatum Willd., Sp. Pl.
Creators: name: Kessler, Michael
name: Smith, Alan R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Aspleniaceae
Asplenium
Asplenium alatum

description: Asplenium alatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd., Sp. Pl. 5(1): 319. 1810.
 Range:— Jamaica; Hispaniola; southern Mexico to Bolivia (CO, LP, SC) and Brazil.
 Ecology:— Fairly common; terrestrial in humid forests, especially on banks of wooded ravines, rarely on wet, mossy rocks; (700) 1050–2500 m.
 Notes:— Similar to A. pteropus, which has mostly unforked veins, except the basal ones in each pinna (vs. mostly 1-forked nearly the length of the pinnae in A. alatum), longer rhizome scales (6–9 mm vs. 1.5–3 mm), and non-proliferous blade apices.
description: Published as part of Kessler, Michael & Smith, Alan R., 2018, Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXIX. Aspleniaceae, pp. 259-280 in Phytotaxa 344 (3) on pages 259-280, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.344.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13720625
A Novel Plant Sesquiterpene Lactone Derivative, DETD-35, Suppresses BRAF V600E Mutant Melanoma Growth and Overcomes Acquired Vemurafenib Resistance in Mice
Creators: name: Shyur, Lie-Fen
name: Lee, Kuo-Hsiung
name: Feng, Jia-Hua
name: Nakagawa-Goto, Kyoko
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Acquired resistance to vemurafenib develops through reactivation of RAF/MEK/ERK signaling or bypass mechanisms. Recent combination therapies such as a MEK inhibitor combined with vemurafenib show improvement in major clinical end points but the percentage of patients with adverse toxic events is higher than with vemurafenib monotherapy and most patients ultimately relapse. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new anti-melanoma drugs and/or adjuvant agents for vemurafenib therapy. In this study, we created a novel semi-organically modified derivative, DETD-35, from deoxyelephantopin (DET), a plant sesquiterpene lactone demonstrated as an anti-inflammatory and anti-mammary tumor agent. Our results show that DETD-35 inhibited proliferation of a panel of melanoma cell lines, including acquired vemurafenib resistance A375 cells (A375-R) established in this study, with superior activities to DET and no cytotoxicity to normal melanocytes. DETD-35 suppressed tumor growth and reduced tumor mass as effectively as vemurafenib in A375 xenograft study. Furthermore, DETD-35 also reduced tumor growth in both acquired (A375-R) and intrinsic (A2058) vemurafenib resistance xenograft models, where vemurafenib showed no anti-tumor activity. Notably, the combination of DETD-35 and vemurafenib exhibited the most significant effects in both in vitro and in vivo xenograft studies due to synergism of the compound and the drug. Mechanistic studies suggested that DETD-35 overcame acquired vemurafenib resistance at least in part through deregulating MEK-ERK, Akt, and STAT3 signaling pathways and promoting apoptosis of cancer cells. Overall, our results suggest that DETD-35 may be useful as a therapeutic or adjuvant agent against BRAFV600E mutant and acquired vemurafenib resistance melanoma.
title: On Biography
Creators: name: Colombo, Rosy
name: Colaiacomo, Paola
name: Ellis, David
name: Drakakis, Jhon
name: Holderness, Graham
name: Bearman, Robert
name: Montini, Donatella
name: Greenblatt, Stephen
name: Fusini, Nadia
name: Gurr, Andrew
name: Taylor, Gary
name: Bloom, Harold
Publisher: name: Sapienza Universita' Editrice
Year: 2015
Subjects: Shakespeare, Biography, Author, Authority, Nation, Democracy
Shakespeare, Biography, Evidence, Fiction, Historical context, Cultural industry
Shakespeare, Biography, Virginia Woolf, Poetry, Representation
Shakespeare, Biography, Shakespeare in Love, A Waste of Shame, Anonymous, Authorship
Shakespeare, Biography, Sources, Historical records, Documentation
Shakespeare, John Florio, Biography, Early modern English dialogues, Proverbs, Historical pragmatics
Shakespeare, Biography, Historical evidence, Traces
Shakespeare, Biography, Henry James, Authorship, Name
Shakespeare, Print, Playbooks, Quartos
Shakespeare, Biography, Double Falsehood, Lewis Theobald, Cardenio, Illegitimate daughter
Shakespeare, Biography, Authorship, Sonnets, Oxfordianism

description: Foreword: Shakespeare’s Biography and Its Discontents. Rosy Colombo. VII
		Persona Pratica e Persona Poetica. Paola Colaiacomo. 1
		How to Write a Biography of Shakespeare. David Ellis. 25
		Shakespeare against Biography. John Drakakis. 45
		Who Was William Shakespeare?. Graham Holderness. 61
		William Shakespeare: What He Was Not. Robert Bearman. 81
		John Florio and Shakespeare: Life and Language. Donatella Montini. 109
		The Traces of Shakespeare’s Life. Stephen Greenblatt. 131
		Shakespeare’s Many Lives. Nadia Fusini. 147
description: Memoria di Shakespeare 2/2015
Effects of supplemental calcium and vitamin D on the APC/β-catenin pathway in the normal colorectal mucosa of colorectal adenoma patients: EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL CALCIUM AND VITAMIN D IN HUMAN RECTUM
Creators: name: Seabrook, March E.
name: Bostick, Roberd M.
name: Rutherford, Robin E.
name: Barry, Elizabeth L.
name: Baron, John A.
name: Liu, Siyu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: APC/β-catenin pathway malfunction is a common and early event in colorectal carcinogenesis. To assess calcium and vitamin D effects on the APC/β-catenin pathway in the normal-appearing colorectal mucosa of sporadic colorectal adenoma patients, nested within a larger randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, partial 2×2 factorial chemoprevention clinical trial of supplemental calcium (1,200 mg daily) and vitamin D (1,000 IU daily), alone and in combination versus placebo, we assessed APC, β-catenin, and E-cadherin expression in colon crypts in normal-appearing rectal mucosa biopsies from 104 participants at baseline and one-year follow up using standardized, automated immunohistochemistry and quantitative image analysis. For vitamin D vs. no vitamin D, the ratio of APC expression to β-catenin expression in the upper 40% (differentiation zone) of crypts (APC/β-catenin score) increased by 28% (P = 0.02), for calcium vs. no calcium it increased by 1% (P = 0.88), and for vitamin D + calcium vs. calcium by 35% (P = 0.01). Total E-cadherin expression increased by 7% (P = 0.35) for vitamin D vs. no vitamin D, 8% (P = 0.31) for calcium vs. no calcium, and 12% (P = 0.21) for vitamin D + calcium vs. calcium. These results support (i) that vitamin D, alone or in combination with calcium, may modify APC, β-catenin, and E-cadherin expression in humans in directions hypothesized to reduce risk for colorectal neoplasms; (ii) vitamin D as a potential chemopreventive agent against colorectal neoplasms; and (iii) the potential of APC, β-catenin, and E-cadherin expression as treatable, pre-neoplastic risk biomarkers for colorectal neoplasms.
title: Impact of Polymer Nanoparticles on DPPC Monolayer Properties
Creators: name: Bykov, Alexey
name: Milyaeva, Olga
name: Akentiev, Alexander
name: Panaeva, Maria
name: Isakov, Nikolaj
name: Miller, Reinhard
name: Noskov, Boris
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: The application of surface rheology and Brewster angle microscopy on mixed monolayers of DPPC and polymeric nanoparticles (cationic and anionic) showed that the sign of the particle charge affects the dynamic properties of the monolayers less than the nanoparticles’ ability to aggregate. Under almost physiological conditions, the effect of nanoparticles on the elasticity of DPPC monolayer is insignificant. However, the particles prevent the surface tension from decreasing to extremely low values. This effect could affect the functionality of pulmonary surfactants.
Glutamine Triggers Acetylation-Dependent Degradation of Glutamine Synthetase via the Thalidomide Receptor Cereblon
Creators: name: Deshaies, Raymond J.
name: Nguyen, T. Van
name: Harrison, Joseph S.
name: Jeong, Ji-Seon
name: Yang, Seung-Joo
name: Jeon, Seung-Je
name: Hess, Sonja
name: Reitsma, Justin M.
name: Lee, Sang Ghil
name: Kuhlman, Brian
name: Park, Chul-Seung
name: Lee, J. Eugene
name: Sweredoski, Michael J.
name: Handa, Hiroshi
name: Yim, Jung-Hyuk
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Cereblon (CRBN), a substrate receptor for the cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase 4 (CRL4) complex, is a direct protein target for thalidomide teratogenicity and antitumor activity of immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs). Here we report that glutamine synthetase (GS) is an endogenous substrate of CRL4(CRBN). Upon exposing cells to high glutamine concentration, GS is acetylated at lysines 11 and 14, yielding a degron that is necessary and sufficient for binding and ubiquitylation by CRL4(CRBN) and degradation by the proteasome. Binding of acetylated degron peptides to CRBN depends on an intact thalidomide-binding pocket but is not competitive with IMiDs. These findings reveal a feedback loop involving CRL4(CRBN) that adjusts GS protein levels in response to glutamine and uncover a new function for lysine acetylation.
Phase Separation on Bicontinuous Cubic Membranes: Symmetry Breaking, Re-entrant and Domain Facetting
Creators: name: Paillusson, Fabien
name: Pennington, Matthew R.
name: Kusumaatmaja, Halim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase separation of binary lipid mixtures that form bicontinuous cubic phases. The competition between non-uniform Gaussian membrane curvature and line tension leads to a very rich phase diagram, where we observe symmetry breaking of the membrane morphologies and reentrant phenomena due to the formation of bridges between segregated domains. Upon increasing the line tension contribution, we also find facetting of lipid domains that we explain using a simple argument based on the symmetry of the underlying surface and topology.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Contains a main article with 5 pages and 3 figures and the corresponding supplemental material comprising 6 pages and 4 figures
Ciencia Abierta Accesible: Teaching TOPS OpenCore in Spanish
Creators: name: MetaDocencia Team
name: OLS Team
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Science
Ciencia Abierta
Community Building
Comunidades
Open Source
Teaching

description: Proposal document. This training will push academic culture away from seeing open science as an important “extra”, ultimately skipped because it takes time and does not reap rewards, towards seeing open science as essential. By embedding open science practices into scientists’ daily work, our goal is for them to move towards responsible open sharing as the bare minimum they expect from themselves and others, similar to the way science views papers and peer review: an essential part of the scientific process.
KAP1 Recruitment of the 7SK snRNP Complex to Promoters Enables Transcription Elongation by RNA Polymerase II
Creators: name: McNamara, Ryan P.
name: McCann, Jennifer L.
name: Reeder, Jonathan E.
name: Bacon, Curtis W.
name: McMillan, Elizabeth A.
name: D'Orso, Iván
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: SummaryThe transition from transcription initiation to elongation at promoters of primary response genes (PRGs) in metazoan cells is controlled by inducible transcription factors, which utilize P-TEFb to phosphorylate RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in response to stimuli. Prior to stimulation, a fraction of P-TEFb is recruited to promoter-proximal regions in a catalytically inactive state bound to the 7SK small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) complex. However, it remains unclear how and why the 7SK snRNP is assembled at these sites. Here we report that the transcriptional regulator KAP1 continuously tethers the 7SK snRNP to PRG promoters to facilitate P-TEFb recruitment and productive elongation in response to stimulation. Remarkably, besides PRGs, genome-wide studies revealed that KAP1 and 7SK snRNP co-occupy most promoter-proximal regions containing paused Pol II. Collectively, we provide evidence of an unprecedented mechanism controlling 7SK snRNP delivery to promoter-proximal regions to facilitate "on-site" P-TEFb activation and Pol II elongation.
Asplenium angustum Sw., Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1817
Creators: name: Kessler, Michael
name: Smith, Alan R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Aspleniaceae
Asplenium
Asplenium angustum

description: Asplenium angustum Sw., Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1817 (1): 66, t. 4, f. 1. 1817.
 Range:— Venezuela and the Guianas to Brazil and Bolivia (BE, CO, LP, PA).
 Ecology:— Fairly common; epiphytic and saxicolous in evergreen forests; to 1550 m.
 Notes:— Asplenium pseudoangustum Stolze, from Amazonian Ecuador and Peru, may occur in northern Bolivia. It differs from A. angustum by lacking scales on the midribs (vs. scattered, minute, clathrate scales), brown, lanceolate to ovate, acute to acuminate rhizome scales (vs. blackish, linear, attenuate, weakly clathrate scales), obscure veins (vs. evident to prominent), and blades that commonly dry blackish (vs. gray- or yellow-green).
description: Published as part of Kessler, Michael & Smith, Alan R., 2018, Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXIX. Aspleniaceae, pp. 259-280 in Phytotaxa 344 (3) on pages 259-280, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.344.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13720625