cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the role of recombination in common-envelope ejections
Creators: name: Ivanova, N.
name: Justham, S.
name: Podsiadlowski, Ph.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy budget in common-envelope events (CEEs) is not well understood, with substantial uncertainty even over to what extent the recombination energy stored in ionised hydrogen and helium might be used to help envelope ejection. We investigate the reaction of a red-giant envelope to heating which mimics limiting cases of energy input provided by the orbital decay of a binary during a CEE, specifically during the post-plunge-in phase during which the spiral-in has been argued to occur on a time-scale longer than dynamical. We show that the outcome of such a CEE depends less on the total amount of energy by which the envelope is heated than on how rapidly the energy was transferred to the envelope and on where the envelope was heated. The envelope always becomes dynamically unstable before receiving net heat energy equal to the envelope's initial binding energy. We find two types of outcome, both of which likely lead to at least partial envelope ejection: "runaway" solutions in which the expansion of the radius becomes undeniably dynamical, and superficially "self-regulated" solutions, in which the expansion of the stellar radius stops but a significant fraction of the envelope becomes formally dynamically unstable. Almost the entire reservoir of initial helium recombination energy is used for envelope expansion. Hydrogen recombination is less energetically useful, but is nonetheless important for the development of the dynamical instabilities. However, this result requires the companion to have already plunged deep into the envelope; therefore this release of recombination energy does not help to explain wide post-common-envelope orbits.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, submitted to MNRAS. Comments are welcome
Additional file 1 of Disinfectant wipes transfer Clostridioides difficile spores from contaminated surfaces to uncontaminated surfaces during the disinfection process
Creators: name: Nkemngong, Carine A.
name: Chaggar, Gurpreet K.
name: Xiaobao Li
name: Teska, Peter J.
name: Oliver, Haley F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental Data outlines the mean log10 CFU/100 cm2 obtained from the i-zone, 0.5 m2, 1.0 m2, 1.5 m2 and 2.0 m2 surface areas for all evaluated products.
A REVIEW ON APPLICATIONS OF BLOCKCHAIN IN BANKING SECTORS
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Abhik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Theoretical Computer Science
subject: Applied Computer Science
subject: 80302 Computer System Architecture
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computer Engineering
subject: Computer Software
subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified

description: In the banking and financial service domain, blockchain technology can make business process less complex while creating safe, trustworthy records of agreements and transactions. Public's huge support in Digital Ledger Technology & blockchain's decentralized control can shift user trust from humans to machines. Decentralized Finance will grow more & more so applying it to banking sectors might be very useful to get more people on board with this new technology. It also has the potential to solve traditional banking problems of lending money, trusting government & bank authorities etc. The time needed to process various tasks such as tax filing , insurance , bank transactions of large amounts will be heavily reduced. Crypto is our future & with the help of Smart Contracts , DAO , DeFietc we can flourish our banking sectors for the general public.
Trapping cold ground state argon atoms for sympathetic cooling of molecules
Creators: name: Edmunds, P. D.
name: Barker, P. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We trap cold, ground-state, argon atoms in a deep optical dipole trap produced by a build-up cavity. The atoms, which are a general source for the sympathetic cooling of molecules, are loaded in the trap by quenching them from a cloud of laser-cooled metastable argon atoms. Although the ground state atoms cannot be directly probed, we detect them by observing the collisional loss of co-trapped metastable argon atoms using a new type of parametric loss spectroscopy. Using this technique we also determine the polarizability ratio between the ground and the metastable 4s[3/2]$_2$ state to be 40$\pm6$ and find a polarisability of (7.3$\pm$1.1) $\times$10$^{-39}$ Cm$^2/$V for the metastable state. Finally, Penning and associative losses of metastable atoms, in the absence of light assisted collisions, are determined to be $(3.3\pm 0.8) \times 10^{-10}$ cm$^3$s$^{-1}$.
Progress towards a 3D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code for outflow wind modelling
Creators: name: Fišák, Jakub
name: Kubát, Jiří
name: Kubátová, Brankica
name: Kromer, Markus
name: Krtička, Jiří
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Radiative transfer modelling of expanding stellar envelopes is an important task in their analysis. To account for inhomogeneities and deviations from spherical symmetry, it is necessary to develop a 3D approach to radiative transfer modelling. Aims: We present a 3D Monte Carlo code for radiative transfer modelling, which is aimed to calculate the plasma ionisation and excitation state with the statistical equilibrium equations, moreover, to implement photon-matter coupling. As a first step, we present our Monte Carlo radiation transfer routines developed and tested from scratch. Methods: The background model atmosphere (the temperature, density, and velocity structure) can use an arbitrary grid referred to as the model grid (modGrid). The radiative transfer was solved using the Monte Carlo method in a Cartesian grid, referred to as the propagation grid (propgrid). This Cartesian grid was created based on the structure of the modgrid; correspondence between these two grids was set at the beginning of the calculations and then kept fixed. The propgrid can be either regular or adaptive; two modes of adaptive grids were tested. The accuracy and calculation speed for different propgrids was analysed. Photon interaction with matter was handled using the Lucy's macroatom approach. Test calculations using our code were compared with the results obtained by a different Monte Carlo radiative transfer code. Results: Our method and the related code for the 3D radiative transfer using the Monte Carlo and macroatom methods offer an accurate and reliable solution for the radiative transfer problem, and are especially promising for the inclusion and treatment of 3D inhomogeneities.
description: 21 pages
Supplemental material from Mechanism for turbulence proliferation in subcritical flows
Creators: name: Frishman, Anna
name: Grafke, Tobias
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 91504 Fluidisation and Fluid Mechanics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 20304 Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: The subcritical transition to turbulence, as occurs in pipe flow, is believed to generically be a phase transition in the directed percolation universality class. At its heart is a balance between the decay rate and proliferation rate of localized turbulent structures, called puffs in pipe flow. Here, we propose the first-ever dynamical mechanism for puff proliferation—the process by which a puff splits into two. In the first stage of our mechanism, a puff expands into a slug. In the second stage, a laminar gap is formed within the turbulent core. The notion of a split-edge state, mediating the transition from a single puff to a two puff state, is introduced and its form is predicted. The role of fluctuations in the two stages of the transition, and how splits could be suppressed with increasing Reynolds number, are discussed. Using numerical simulations, the mechanism is validated within the stochastic Barkley model. Concrete predictions to test the proposed mechanism in pipe and other wall-bounded flows, and implications for the universality of the directed percolation picture, are discussed.
A comprehensive X-ray and multiwavelength study of the Colliding Galaxy Pair NGC2207/IC2163
Creators: name: Mineo, S.
name: Rappaport, S.
name: Levine, A.
name: Pooley, D.
name: Steinhorn, B.
name: Homan, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive study of the total X-ray emission from the colliding galaxy pair NGC2207/IC2163, based on Chandra, Spitzer, and GALEX data. We detect 28 ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs), 7 of which were not detected previously due to X-ray variability. Twelve sources show significant long-term variability, with no correlated spectral changes. Seven sources are transient candidates. One ULX coincides with an extremely blue star cluster (B-V = -0.7). We confirm that the global relation between the number and luminosity of ULXs and the integrated star formation rate (SFR) of the host galaxy also holds on local scales. We investigate the effects of dust extinction and/or age on the X-ray binary (XRB) population on sub-galactic scales. The distributions of Nx and Lx are peaked at L(IR)/L(NUV)~1, which may be associated with an age of ~10 Myr for the underlying stellar population. We find that ~1/3 of the XRBs are located in close proximity to young star complexes. The luminosity function of the X-ray binaries is consistent with that typical for high-mass X-ray binaries, and appears unaffected by variability. We disentangle and compare the X-ray diffuse spectrum with that of the bright XRBs. The hot interstellar medium dominates the diffuse X-ray emission at E<1 keV, has a temperature kT=0.28 (+0.05/-0.04) keV and intrinsic 0.5-2 keV luminosity of 7.9e+40 erg/s, a factor of ~2.3 higher than the average thermal luminosity produced per unit SFR in local star-forming galaxies. The total X-ray output of NGC2207/IC2163 is 1.5e+41 erg/s, and the corresponding total integrated SFR is 23.7 Msol/yr.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, 11 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Signaling Network Assessment of Mutations and Copy Number Variations Predicts Breast Cancer Subtype-specific Drug Targets
Creators: name: Zaman, Naif
name: Li, Lei
name: Jaramillo, Maria
name: Sun, Zhanpeng
name: Tibiche, Chabane
name: Banville, Myriam
name: Collins, Catherine
name: Trifiro, Mark
name: Paliouras, Miltiadis
name: Nantel, Andre
name: OConnor-McCourt, Maureen
name: Wang, Edwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Individual cancer cells carry a bewildering number of distinct genomic alterations i.e., copy number variations and mutations, making it a challenge to uncover genomic-driven mechanisms governing tumorigenesis. Here we performed exome-sequencing on several breast cancer cell lines which represent two subtypes, luminal and basal. We integrated this sequencing data, and functional RNAi screening data (i.e., for identifying genes which are essential for cell proliferation and survival), onto a human signaling network. Two subtype-specific networks were identified, which potentially represent core-signaling mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis. Within both networks, we found that genes were differentially affected in different cell lines; i.e., in some cell lines a gene was identified through RNAi screening whereas in others it was genomically altered. Interestingly, we found that highly connected network genes could be used to correctly classify breast tumors into subtypes based on genomic alterations. Further, the networks effectively predicted subtype-specific drug targets, which were experimentally validated.
description: 4 figs, more related papers at http://www.cancer-systemsbiology.org, appears in Cell Reports, 2013
Random spin-orbit gates in the system of a Topological insulator and a Quantum dot
Creators: name: Wolski, S.
name: Inglot, M.
name: Jasiukiewicz, C.
name: Kouzakov, K. A.
name: Masłowski, T.
name: Szczepański, T.
name: Stagraczyński, S.
name: Stagraczyński, R.
name: Dugaev, V. K.
name: Chotorlishvili, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-dependent scattering process in a system of topological insulator and quantum dot is studied. The unitary scattering process is viewed as a gate transformation applied to an initial state of two electrons. Due to the randomness imposed through the impurities and alloying-induced effects of band parameters, the formalism of the random unitary gates is implemented. For quantifying entanglement in the system, we explored concurrence and ensemble-averaged Rényi entropy. We found that applied external magnetic field leads to long-range entanglement on the distances much larger than the confinement length. We showed that topological features of itinerant electrons sustain the formation of robust long-distance entanglement, which survives even in the presence of a strong disorder.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures,
Use of medicines by adults in Germany
Creators: name: Knopf, Hildtraud
name: Prütz, Franziska
name: Du, Yong
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: GERMANY
subject: HEALTH MONITORING
subject: ADULTS
subject: MEDICINES
subject: SELF-MEDICATION
subject: 610 Medizin

description: The use of medicines is an essential aspect of treating disease. In this field, surveys that map the population’s use of medicines are of particular interest. The GEDA 2014/2015-EHIS study collected data on the use of medically prescribed and self-medicated drugs during the two weeks that preceded the survey. 58.9% of women and 52.0% of men reported that they had taken medically prescribed drugs during this period. 48.5% of women and 35.4% of men stated they had taken medication during this period that had not been prescribed by a doctor. The prevalence of the use of medically prescribed drugs and self-medication was higher among women than among men. Finally, the prevalence of the use of medically prescribed drugs increased significantly with age, whereas the prevalence of self-medication decreased with age.
Deep set conditioned latent representations for action recognition
Creators: name: Singh, Akash
name: De Schepper, Tom
name: Mets, Kevin
name: Hellinckx, Peter
name: Oramas, Jose
name: Latre, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years multi-label, multi-class video action recognition has gained significant popularity. While reasoning over temporally connected atomic actions is mundane for intelligent species, standard artificial neural networks (ANN) still struggle to classify them. In the real world, atomic actions often temporally connect to form more complex composite actions. The challenge lies in recognising composite action of varying durations while other distinct composite or atomic actions occur in the background. Drawing upon the success of relational networks, we propose methods that learn to reason over the semantic concept of objects and actions. We empirically show how ANNs benefit from pretraining, relational inductive biases and unordered set-based latent representations. In this paper we propose deep set conditioned I3D (SCI3D), a two stream relational network that employs latent representation of state and visual representation for reasoning over events and actions. They learn to reason about temporally connected actions in order to identify all of them in the video. The proposed method achieves an improvement of around 1.49% mAP in atomic action recognition and 17.57% mAP in composite action recognition, over a I3D-NL baseline, on the CATER dataset.
description: Conference VISAPP 2022, 11 pages,5 figures, 2 Tables, 6 plots
Children’s Pursuit of Counterintuitive Information in Books
Creators: name: Lane, Jonathan D.
name: Ronfard, Samuel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: For decades, developmental psychologists and educators have emphasized that learning about counterintuitive phenomena may be a critical driving force for cognitive development. Thus far, little is known about the specific content that children seek to enrich their knowledge. Using a novel book-choice paradigm, we directly examine children’s preference to engage with media that contains more mundane vs. more counterintuitive content. Children ranging from 3- to 8-years (N = 174), from the U.S. and Canada, were presented with pairs of books about animals. The two books in each pair were visually identical aside from their printed title. One book in each pair was described as presenting a fact that (according to validation data on children’s and adults’ beliefs in these facts) was relatively intuitive, and the other book was described as presenting a fact that was relatively counterintuitive. The youngest participants (3–4 years) demonstrated no preference in selecting books with intuitive vs. counterintuitive facts about animals, whereas older children (5-years onward) demonstrated an increasing preference for counterintuitive content. Combined with validation data on children’s and adults’ intuitions about the focal facts, these data suggest that children’s preference to seek information that adults deem counterintuitive (at least in the domain of biology) increases with age as a function of changes in the strength of children’s intuitions about what is possible.
Additional file 1 of Non-linear association between diabetes mellitus and pulmonary function: a population-based study
Creators: name: Zhang, Rui-Heng
name: Zhou, Jian-Bo
name: Cai, Yao-Hua
name: Shu, Lin-Ping
name: Simó, Rafael
name: Lecube, Albert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Association of diabetes and pulmonary function. Table S2. Association of HbA1c and pulmonary function in diabetes participants with good and bad glucose control. Table S3. Cross-sectional characteristics of diabetes patients.
Additional file 2 of Borderline personality disorder and prior suicide attempts define a severity gradient among hospitalized adolescent suicide attempters
Creators: name: Aouidad, Aveline
name: Cohen, David
name: Mirkovic, Bojan
name: Pellerin, Hugues
name: Rivière, Sébastien Garny De La
name: Consoli, Angèle
name: Gérardin, Priscille
name: Jean-Marc Guilé
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Measurement of the $η\toπ^+π^-π^0$ Dalitz plot distribution
Creators: name: Adlarson, P.
name: Augustyniak, W.
name: Bardan, W.
name: Bashkanov, M.
name: Bergmann, F. S.
name: Berłowski, M.
name: Bhatt, H.
name: Bondar, A.
name: Büscher, M.
name: Calén, H.
name: Ciepał, I.
name: Clement, H.
name: Coderre, D.
name: Czerwiński, E.
name: Demmich, K.
name: Doroshkevich, E.
name: Engels, R.
name: Erven, A.
name: Erven, W.
name: Eyrich, W.
name: Fedorets, P.
name: Föhl, K.
name: Fransson, K.
name: Goldenbaum, F.
name: Goslawski, P.
name: Goswami, A.
name: Grigoryev, K.
name: Gullström, C. -O.
name: Hauenstein, F.
name: Heijkenskjöld, L.
name: Hejny, V.
name: Hodana, M.
name: Höistad, B.
name: Hüsken, N.
name: Jany, A.
name: Jany, B. R.
name: Jarczyk, L.
name: Johansson, T.
name: Kamys, B.
name: Kemmerling, G.
name: Khan, F. A.
name: Khoukaz, A.
name: Kirillov, D. A.
name: Kistryn, S.
name: Kleines, H.
name: Kłos, B.
name: Krzemień, W.
name: Kulessa, P.
name: Kupść, A.
name: Kuzmin, A.
name: Lalwani, K.
name: Lersch, D.
name: Lorentz, B.
name: Magiera, A.
name: Maier, R.
name: Marciniewski, P.
name: Mariański, B.
name: Martemyanov, B. V.
name: Meißner, U. -G.
name: Mikirtychiants, M.
name: Morsch, H. -P.
name: Moskal, P.
name: Ohm, H.
name: Ozerianska, I.
name: del Rio, E. Perez
name: Piskunov, N. M.
name: Podkopał, P.
name: Prasuhn, D.
name: Pricking, A.
name: Pszczel, D.
name: Pysz, K.
name: Pyszniak, A.
name: Redmer, C. F.
name: Ritman, J.
name: Roy, A.
name: Rudy, Z.
name: Sawant, S.
name: Schadmand, S.
name: Sefzick, T.
name: Serdyuk, V.
name: Shwartz, B.
name: Siudak, R.
name: Skorodko, T.
name: Skurzok, M.
name: Smyrski, J.
name: Sopov, V.
name: Stassen, R.
name: Stepaniak, J.
name: Stephan, E.
name: Sterzenbach, G.
name: Stockhorst, H.
name: Ströher, H.
name: Szczurek, A.
name: Täschner, A.
name: Trzciński, A.
name: Varma, R.
name: Wolke, M.
name: Wrońska, A.
name: Wüstner, P.
name: Wurm, P.
name: Yamamoto, A.
name: Yuan, X.
name: Yurev, L.
name: Zabierowski, J.
name: Zheng, C.
name: Zieliński, M. J.
name: Zink, A.
name: Złomańczuk, J.
name: Żuprański, P.
name: Żurek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dalitz plot distribution of the $η\toπ^+π^-π^0$ decay is determined using a data sample of $1.2\cdot 10^7$ $η$ mesons from $pd\to ^3\textrm{He}η$ reaction at 1 GeV collected by the WASA detector at COSY.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Finite temperature effective field theory for dark solitons in superfluid Fermi gases
Creators: name: Klimin, S. N.
name: Tempere, J.
name: Devreese, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a finite temperature effective field theory recently developed for superfluid Fermi gases to investigate the properties of dark solitons in these superfluids. Our approach provides an analytic solution for the dip in the order parameter and the phase profile accross the soliton, which can be compared with results obtained in the framework of the Bogoliubov - de Gennes equations. We present results in the whole range of the BCS-BEC crossover, for arbitrary temperatures, and taking into account Gaussian fluctuations about the saddle point. The obtained analytic solutions yield an exact energy-momentum relation for a dark soliton showing that the soliton in a Fermi gas behaves like a classical particle even at nonzero temperatures. The spatial profile of the pair field and for the parameters of state for the soliton are analytically studied. In the strong-coupling regime and/or for sufficiently high temperatures, the obtained analytic solutions match well the numeric results obtained using the Bogoliubov - de Gennes equations.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of the quality of fixed prosthesis impressions in private laboratories in a sample from Yemen
Creators: name: Nusaiba M. Al-Odinee
name: Al-Hamzi, Mohsen
name: Al-Shami, Ibrahim Z.
name: Madfa, Ahmed
name: Abdulwahab I. Al-Kholani
name: Yazeed M. Al-Olofi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Association between gender and experience years of the dentist and the errors in silicone impression technique.
Gesundheitliche Ungleichheit in Deutschland und im internationalen Vergleich: Zeitliche Entwicklungen und Trends
Creators: name: Lampert, Thomas
name: Kroll, Lars Eric
name: Kuntz, Benjamin
name: Hoebel, Jens
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: GESUNDHEITSMONITORING
subject: GESUNDHEITLICHE UNGLEICHHEIT
subject: SOZIOÖKONOMISCHER STATUS
subject: TRENDANALYSEN
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Die sozialepidemiologische Forschung und die Gesundheitsberichterstattung haben inzwischen überzeugend belegt, dass Personen mit niedrigem im Vergleich zu denjenigen mit höherem sozioökonomischen Status von vielen Krankheiten, Beschwerden und Funktionseinschränkungen verstärkt betroffen sind und zu einem größeren Anteil vorzeitig sterben. Als Gründe hierfür werden unter anderem stärkere Belastungen am Arbeitsplatz, in der Wohnumgebung und im familiären und sozialen Umfeld diskutiert. Daneben dürften soziale Unterschiede im Gesundheitsverhalten sowie in den verfügbaren sozialen und personalen Ressourcen, die zum Beispiel bei der Bewältigung von Anforderungen und Belastungen zum Tragen kommen, eine Rolle spielen. Aus Sicht von Public Health und Gesundheitspolitik stellt die Verringerung dieser gesundheitlichen Ungleichheit ein wichtiges Ziel dar. Erkenntnisse über zeitliche Entwicklungen und Trends der gesundheitlichen Ungleichheit können dazu beitragen, auf neue oder sich verfestigende Problemlagen und damit auch auf mögliche Zielgruppen und Settings für Interventionen hinzuweisen. Außerdem stellen sie eine Voraussetzung für die Bewertung und Erfolgskontrolle umgesetzter politischer Maßnahmen und Programme dar. Vor diesem Hintergrund geht die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit der Frage nach, wie sich die gesundheitliche Ungleichheit in Deutschland über die letzten 20 bis 30 Jahre entwickelt hat und ordnet die Ergebnisse in den internationalen Forschungsstand ein.
Additional file 1 of Borderline personality disorder and prior suicide attempts define a severity gradient among hospitalized adolescent suicide attempters
Creators: name: Aouidad, Aveline
name: Cohen, David
name: Mirkovic, Bojan
name: Pellerin, Hugues
name: Rivière, Sébastien Garny De La
name: Consoli, Angèle
name: Gérardin, Priscille
name: Jean-Marc Guilé
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:. Description of variables.
AKARI Infrared Camera Observations of the 3.3 μm PAH feature in Swift/BAT AGNs
Creators: name: Castro, Angel
name: Miyaji, T.
name: Shirahata, M.
name: Ichikawa, K.
name: Oyabu, S.
name: Clark, D.
name: Imanishi, M.
name: Nakagawa, T.
name: Ueda, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the relationships between the 3.3 μm polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) feature and active galactic nucleus (AGN) properties of a sample of 54 hard X-ray selected bright AGNs, including both Seyfert 1 and Seyfert 2 type objects, using the InfraRed Camera (IRC) on board the infrared astronomical satellite AKARI. The sample is selected from the 9-month Swift/BAT survey in the 14-195 keV band and all of them have measured X-ray spectra at $E \lesssim 10$ keV. These X-ray spectra provide measurements of the neutral hydrogen column density ($N_{\rm H}$) towards the AGNs. We use the 3.3 μm PAH luminosity ($L_{\rm 3.3μm}$) as a proxy for star formation activity and hard X-ray luminosity ($L_{\rm 14-195keV}$) as an indicator of the AGN activity. We search for possible difference of star-formation activity between type 1 (un-absorbed) and type 2 (absorbed) AGNs. We have made several statistical analyses taking the upper-limits of the PAH lines into account utilizing survival analysis methods. The results of our $\log(L_{\rm 14-195keV})$ versus $\log(L_{\rm 3.3μm})$ regression shows a positive correlation and the slope for the type 1/unobscured AGNs is steeper than that of type 2/obscured AGNs at a $3σ$ level. Also our analysis show that the circum-nuclear star-formation is more enhanced in type 2/absorbed AGNs than type 1/un-absorbed AGNs for low X-ray luminosity/low Eddington ratio AGNs, while there is no significant dependence of star-formation activities on the AGN type in the high X-ray luminosities/Eddington ratios.
description: Accepted for publication at PASJ
Ο ρόλος του διευθυντή στο σύγχρονο σχολείο : επιδράσεις στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία και την εργασιακή ευημερία των εκπαιδευτικών
Creators: name: Κόκκαλη, Σπυριδούλα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ηγεσία
subject: Εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία
subject: Αποτελεσματικότητα σχολείου
subject: Εργασιακή ικανοποίηση
subject: Διευθυντής σχολείου

description: Ο ρόλος του σχολείου είναι ιδιαίτερα σημαντικός στην σύγχρονη κοινωνία και συνίσταται στην παροχή γνώσεων στους μαθητές, αλλά και στην διάπλαση προσωπικοτήτων, έτσι ώστε οι τελευταίοι να έχουν τα κατάλληλα εφόδια προκειμένου να αντιμετωπίσουν τις προκλήσεις της σύγχρονης ζωής. Ο ρόλος του διευθυντή είναι καθοριστικός για την δημιουργία μιας αποτελεσματικής σχολικής μονάδας. Ο διευθυντής είναι αυτός που παρεμβαίνει στη εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία, επηρεάζει τις συνθήκες εργασίας των εργαζομένων και γενικότερα λαμβάνει τις πιο κρίσιμες αποφάσεις. Οι εκπαιδευτικοί καλούνται να επιτελέσουν ένα δύσκολο έργο και αναμφίβολα χρειάζονται κάποιον που να τους εμπνέει, να τους παρακινεί, να τους συμπαραστέκεται, να τους εμψυχώνει κ.α. Συνεπώς, είναι απαραίτητη η παρουσία ενός ηγέτη, ο οποίος θα ασχολείται με την λύση των όποιων προβλημάτων του προσωπικού. Επιπλέον, η φύση της εκπαιδευτικής διαδικασίας είναι τέτοια, που πολλές φορές ασκούν ηγεσία οι ίδιοι οι εκπαιδευτικοί έχοντας επωμιστεί τον ρόλο του να παρακινούν, αλλά και να ελέγχουν τους μαθητές, αλλά και οι ίδιοι οι μαθητές οι οποίοι έχουν εκλεγεί ως εκπρόσωποι της εκάστοτε τάξης, προκειμένου να μεταφέρουν στους εκπαιδευτικούς αλλά και στην διοίκηση τα όποια προβλήματα ανακύπτουν. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας, είναι να εξετάσουμε τις απόψεις 74 εκπαιδευτικών, όσον αφορά τον ρόλο του διευθυντή στο σχολείο, το πως ο τελευταίος συμβάλλει στην ευημερίας τους, αλλά και στο πως επηρεάζει την εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία. Βάση των αποτελεσμάτων της έρευνας, ο διευθυντής καθορίζει σε σχετικά υψηλό βαθμό την ευημερία των εκπαιδευτικών. Επίσης, είναι αρκετά αποτελεσματικός όσον αφορά την διεκπεραίωση των καθηκόντων του, αλλά και την άσκηση ηγεσίας. Τέλος, επηρεάζει σε φυσιολογικό βαθμό την εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία. Διεξάγουμε επίσης ανάλυση ANOVA προκειμένου να διαπιστώσουμε αν υφίσταται διαφορές όσον αφορά τα 3 ζητήματα που εξετάσουμε μεταξύ ιδιωτικών και δημοσίων σχολείων και βρήκαμε ότι διαφορά υπάρχει μόνο στο ζήτημα του πως επηρεάζει ο διευθυντής την εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία.
On minty variational inequalities and increasing along rays functions
Creators: name: Ferrentino, Rosa
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2005

description: In this paper we investigate the link between a Minty variational inequality and the notion of increasing along rays function. In particular we show that vector increasing along rays functions can be characterized in term of existence of a solution of a generalized Minty variational inequality.
Dentine matrix proteins solubilised by 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and 7% maleic acid and their influence on human dental pulp stem cells: an in vitro study
Creators: name: Dutta, Arindam
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2022
Subjects: dentine matrix proteins
dental pulp stem cells
TGFB1
maleic acid
EDTA
RT-qPCR
mass spectrometry
flow cytometry

description: INTRODUCTION: Regenerative endodontic procedures have been practiced approximately over the past twenty years. These regenerate pulp-like tissue within the root canals of immature permanent teeth with pulpal necrosis which may also have periapical disease. The procedure involves disinfecting the root canal first, followed by conditioning the root surface dentine before a scaffold (such as a blood clot) is introduced into the canal space, along with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Removal of the smear layer is usually undertaken with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), which is also able to liberate extracellular matrix proteins embedded within dentine that help support the differentiation of MSCs. Maleic acid (MA) is another chelator which has been introduced to endodontics approximately ten years ago. It’s ability to extract dentine matrix proteins (DMP) and their subsequent influence on MSCs is unknown. AIMS: Characterise the DMP extracted by EDTA (EDMP) or MA (MDMP) from dentine and evaluate their effects on odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). METHODS: Dentine powder was prepared from human healthy caries-free third molar teeth and exposed to EDTA or MA and total soluble proteins recovered were measured. The constituent proteins in each sample were also analysed using mass spectrometry (MS) & transforming growth factor 1 (TGF1) concentration was estimated using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The proteins were then added to culture medium and exposed to DPSC which had also been characterised. DPSC grown in osteogenic medium (OM) served as the positive control & MDMP+OM and EDMP+OM as additional experimental groups. The influence of DMPs on odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs was evaluated by using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assessing relative gene expression of COL1A1, RUNX2, MSX2, DLX5, NAT10, OCN, OPN, DMP1 and DSPP and Alizarin red assay to quantify mineralisation. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: Even though the total protein quantified in MDMP was lower than EDMP, proteomic profiles differed, with more proteins predicted in MDMP. TGF1 as a fraction of the total protein quantum was about 2-3 times higher in MDMP than EDMP. These findings may indicate that while dentine structure may be better preserved with MDMP, biologically relevant proteins may be extracted better by MA than EDTA. The DPSCs were not true stem cells, but were at least unipotent and displayed all canonical stem cell markers. DPSCs exposed to both MDMP and EDMP did not differentiate into odontoblasts and genes associated with mineralisation were generally suppressed. This may have relevance in formulating novel pulp regeneration strategies
Lattice zonotopes of degree 2
Creators: name: Beck, Matthias
name: Janssen, Ellinor
name: Jochemko, Katharina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Lattice polytopes
subject: Ehrhart polynomials
subject: Zonotopes
subject: Classification of polynomials
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: The Ehrhart polynomial ehrP(n) of a lattice polytope P gives the number of integer lattice points in the n-th dilate of P for all integers n≥0. The degree of P is defined as the degree of its h∗-polynomial, a particular transformation of the Ehrhart polynomial with many useful properties which serves as an important tool for classification questions in Ehrhart theory. A zonotope is the Minkowski (pointwise) sum of line segments. We classify all Ehrhart polynomials of lattice zonotopes of degree 2 thereby complementing results of Scott (Bull Aust Math Soc 15(3), 395–399, 1976), Treutlein (J Combin Theory Ser A 117(3), 354–360, 2010), and Henk and Tagami (Eur J Combin 30(1), 70–83, 2009). Our proof is constructive: by considering solid-angles and the lattice width, we provide a characterization of all 3-dimensional zonotopes of degree 2.
Submillimetre observations of WISE-selected high-redshift, luminous, dusty galaxies
Creators: name: Jones, Suzy F.
name: Blain, Andrew W.
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Assef, Roberto J.
name: Bridge, Carrie R.
name: Eisenhardt, Peter
name: Petty, Sara
name: Wu, Jingwen
name: Tsai, Chao-Wei
name: Cutri, Roc
name: Wright, Edward L.
name: Yan, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present SCUBA-2 850um submillimetre (submm) observations of the fields of 10 dusty, luminous galaxies at z ~ 1.7 - 4.6, detected at 12um and/or 22um by the WISE all-sky survey, but faint or undetected at 3.4um and 4.6um; dubbed hot, dust-obscured galaxies (Hot DOGs). The six detected targets all have total infrared luminosities greater than 10^13 L_sun, with one greater than 10^14 L_sun. Their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are very blue from mid-infrared to submm wavelengths and not well fitted by standard AGN SED templates, without adding extra dust extinction to fit the WISE 3.4um and 4.6um data. The SCUBA-2 850um observations confirm that the Hot DOGs have less cold and/or more warm dust emission than standard AGN templates, and limit an underlying extended spiral or ULIRG-type galaxy to contribute less than about 2% or 55% of the typical total Hot DOG IR luminosity, respectively. The two most distant and luminous targets have similar observed submm to mid-infrared ratios to the rest, and thus appear to have even hotter SEDs. The number of serendipitous submm galaxies (SMGs) detected in the 1.5-arcmin-radius SCUBA-2 850um maps indicates there is a significant over-density of serendipitous sources around Hot DOGs. These submm observations confirm that the WISE-selected ultra-luminous galaxies have very blue mid-infrared to submm SEDs, suggesting that they contain very powerful AGN, and are apparently located in unusual arcmin-scale overdensities of very luminous dusty galaxies.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Challenges and Coping: Perspectives of Syrian and Iraqi Refugee Youth in Germany
Creators: name: Alhaddad, Lina
name: Goodwin, Robin
name: Kanngiesser, Patricia
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: refugee youth
subject: challenges
subject: coping
subject: Germany
subject: Middle East
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Refugee youth constitute around a third of the refugee population in Germany. We studied the experiences of newly arrived Syrian and Iraqi refugee youth, aged 14 to 18 years (N = 20), in Germany. We utilized semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis to investigate (a) the main challenges faced by youth and (b) their main coping resources to deal with these challenges. We grouped challenges into three levels: the individual level, the immediate social level, and the broader societal level. The most frequently mentioned challenges in our sample related to psychological wellbeing, school, friendship, accommodation, and discrimination. Youth reported relying on social support (friends, family, social services) and on themselves (through avoidance, persistence, activity seeking, active engagement) to cope with their challenges. Our findings provide insights into refugee youth’s experiences in Germany, encompassing the acculturative, developmental, and generational aspects of their lives and demonstrating their coping and resilience. We discuss our results in relation to the literature on refugee youth in high income countries.
Relaxation damping in oscillating contacts
Creators: name: Popov, M.
name: Popov, V. L.
name: Pohrt, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If a contact of two purely elastic bodies with no sliding (infinite coefficient of friction) is subjected to superimposed oscillations in the normal and tangential directions, then a specific damping appears, that is not dependent on friction or dissipation in the material. We call this effect "relaxation damping". The rate of energy dissipation due to relaxation damping is calculated in a closed analytic form for arbitrary axially-symmetric contacts. In the case of equal frequency of normal and tangential oscillations, the dissipated energy per cycle is proportional to the square of the amplitude of tangential oscillation and to the absolute value of the amplitude of normal oscillation, and is dependent on the phase shift between both oscillations. In the case of low frequency tangential motion with superimposed high frequency normal oscillations, the system acts as a tunable linear damper. Generalization of the results for macroscopically planar, randomly rough surfaces is discussed.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Search for pair production of the heavy vectorlike top partner in same-sign dilepton signature at the HL-LHC
Creators: name: Cui, Xiao-Min
name: Li, Yu-Qi
name: Liu, Yao-Bei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New vectorlike quarks are predicted in many new physics scenarios beyond the Standard Model~(SM) and could potentially be discovered at the LHC. Based on a simplified model including a singlet vectorlike top partner with charge $2/3$, we investigate the process $pp \to TT$ via a $t$-channel induced by the couplings between the top partner with the first-generation SM quarks. We calculate the production cross section and further study the observability of the heavy top partner in the channel $T\to Wq$ at the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) using final states with same-sign dileptons (electrons or muons), two jets, and missing transverse momentum. At the 14 TeV LHC with an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb$^{-1}$, the $2σ$ exclusion limits, as well as the $5σ$ discovery reach in the parameter plane of the two variables $g^{\ast}-R_L$, are respectively obtained at the HL-LHC. We also obtain the $2σ$ exclusion limit on the coupling strength parameter $g^{\ast}$ in the case in which the vectorlike top partner is coupled only to the first-generation quarks.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, version in PRD
Band-edge BCS-BEC crossover in a two-band superconductor: physical properties and detection parameters
Creators: name: Guidini, Andrea
name: Perali, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity in iron-based, magnesium diborides, and other novel superconducting materials has a strong multi-band and multi-gap character. Recent experiments support the possibillity for a BCS-BEC crossover induced by strong-coupling and proximity of the chemical potential to the band edge of one of the bands. Here we study the simplest theoretical model which accounts for the BCS-BEC crossover in a two-band superconductor, considering tunable interactions and tunable energy separations between the bands. Mean-field results for condensate fraction, correlation length, and superconducting gap are reported in typical crossover diagrams to locate the boundaries of the BCS, crossover, and BEC regimes. When the superconducting gap is of the order of the local chemical potential, superconductivity is in the crossover regime of the BCS-BEC crossover and the Fermi surface of the small band is smeared by the gap opening. In this situation, small and large Cooper pairs coexist in the total condensate, which is the optimal condition for high-Tc superconductivity. The ratio between the gap and the Fermi energy in a given band results to be the best detection parameter for experiments to locate the system in the BCS-BEC crossover. Using available experimental data, our analysis shows that iron-based superconductors have the partial condensate of the small Fermi surface in the crossover regime of the BCS-BEC crossover, supporting the recent ARPES findings.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, submitted to SUST (Multicomponent Superconductivity)
Minaeans in the Mediterranean. Reevaluating two Old South Arabian inscriptions from Delos
Creators: name: Lund Sørensen, Søren
name: Geus, Klaus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Delos
subject: epigraphy
subject: Minaeans
subject: Old South Arabian studies
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: Two well-known texts on altars from Delos (RES 3952; M 349) dating to the period after 167 BC attest to contacts between the Aegean and Ancient Yemen. Reexamining these two important inscriptions, this article argues that both were set up by Minaeans. As for the altar bearing inscription M 349, we interpret the Greek inscriptions as later additions, the purpose of which was to inform readers who were unfamiliar with the Old South Arabian script of the deity venerated.
Consumption Behaviours Of White Consumers In Light Of The BLM Movement
Creators: name: Burnett, Megan
name: Shabbir, Haseeb
name: Ibrahim, Khaled
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150506 Marketing Theory
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Abstract: An individual’s consumption shapes their identity, it reflects their character and how they want to be seen (Shankar et al., 2001; Lin et al., 2017). Consumption is often influenced by changes in trends, i.e. sustainability and veganism (Pekkanen, 2021; Beck & Ladwig, 2021), public opinion, social movements (Sullivan, 2020), and even wars (Nelson, 2021). As a result of social movements like Black Lives Matter (BLM), societies consumption habits may alter towards new or different or a resistance towards certain consumption (Schaefer & Crane, 2005; Lee et al., 2009;2011). Consumption has changed dramatically over the past year (Jarry, 2021). This study sought to understand if and how consumption of white consumers has changed as a result of the BLM movement. This study builds upon the theory of White Fragility, which refers to the emotions and attitudes that white people experience when confronted with the topic of racism (DiAngelo, 2016). White Fragility is the state whereby even a small amount of racial stress becomes intolerable, triggering several emotional or behavioural reactions that restore racial comfort (DiAngelo, 2018).
Understanding genomic alterations in cancer genomes using an integrative network approach
Creators: name: Wang, Edwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In recent years, cancer genome sequencing and other high-throughput studies of cancer genomes have generated many notable discoveries. In this review, Novel genomic alteration mechanisms, such as chromothripsis (chromosomal crisis) and kataegis (mutation storms), and their implications for cancer are discussed. Genomic alterations spur cancer genome evolution. Thus, the relationship between cancer clonal evolution and cancer stems cells is commented. The key question in cancer biology concerns how these genomic alterations support cancer development and metastasis in the context of biological functioning. Thus far, efforts such as pathway analysis have improved the understanding of the functional contributions of genetic mutations and DNA copy number variations to cancer development, progression and metastasis. However, the known pathways correspond to a small fraction, plausibly 5-10%, of somatic mutations and genes with an altered copy number. To develop a comprehensive understanding of the function of these genomic alterations in cancer, an integrative network framework is proposed and discussed. Finally, the challenges and the directions of studying cancer omic data using an integrative network approach are commented.
description: 2 figs, more related papers at http://www.cancer-systemsbiology.org. appears in Cancer Letter, 2013