cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Functional SDE approximation inspired by a deep operator network architecture
Creators: name: Eigel, Martin
name: Miranda, ##!Error: Attribute  Unknown!##
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: SDE
subject: operator network
subject: neural network approximation
subject: Wiener chaos
subject: polynomial approximation
subject: functional representation
subject: 65C30
subject: 60H10
subject: 91G60
subject: 60H35
subject: 68T07

description: We present a novel approach to solve Stochastic Differential Equations (SDEs) with Deep Neural Networks by a Deep Operator Network (DeepONet) architecture. The notion of Deep-ONets relies on operator learning in terms of a reduced basis. We make use of a polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) of stochastic processes and call the corresponding architecture SDEONet. The PCE has been used extensively in the area of uncertainty quantification with parametric partial differential equations. This however is not the case with SDE, where classical sampling methods dominate and functional approaches are seen rarely. A main challenge with truncated PCEs occurs due to the drastic growth of the number of components with respect to the maximum polynomial degree and the number of basis elements. The proposed SDEONet architecture aims to alleviate the issue of exponential complexity by learning a sparse truncation of the Wiener chaos expansion. A complete convergence analysis is presented, making use of recent Neural Network approximation results. Numerical experiments illustrate the promising performance of the suggested approach in 1D and higher dimensions.
Possible persistence of multiferroic order down to bilayer limit of van der Waals material NiI$_{2}$
Creators: name: Ju, Hwiin
name: Lee, Youjin
name: Kim, Kwang-Tak
name: Choi, In Hyeok
name: Roh, Chang Jae
name: Son, Suhan
name: Park, Pyeongjae
name: Kim, Jae Ha
name: Jung, Taek Sun
name: Kim, Jae Hoon
name: Kim, Kee Hoon
name: Park, Je-Geun
name: Lee, Jong Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realizing a state of matter in two dimensions has repeatedly proven a novel route of discovering new physical phenomena. Van der Waals (vdW) materials have been at the center of these now extensive research activities. They offer a natural way of producing a monolayer of matter simply by mechanical exfoliation. This work demonstrates that the possible multiferroic state with coexisting antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric orders possibly persists down to the bilayer flake of NiI$_{2}$. By exploiting the optical second-harmonic generation technique, both magnitude and direction of the ferroelectric order, arising from the cycloidal spin order, are successfully traced. The possible multiferroic state's transition temperature decreases from 58 K for the bulk to about 20 K for the bilayer. Our observation will spur extensive efforts to demonstrate multi-functionality in vdW materials, which have been tried mostly by using heterostructures of singly ferroic ones until now.
Long Term X-ray Monitoring Of The TeV Binary LS I +61 303 with RXTE
Creators: name: Smith, A.
name: Kaaret, P.
name: Holder, J.
name: Falcone, A.
name: Maier, G.
name: Pandel, D.
name: Stroh, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results of a long term X-ray monitoring campaign of the galactic binary LS I +61 303 performed by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. This dataset consists of 1 ks pointings taken every other day between 2007 August 28 until 2008 February 2. The observations covered six full cycles of the 26.496 day binary period and constitute the largest continuous X-ray monitoring dataset on LS I +61 303 to date with this sensitivity. There is no statistically strong detection of modulation of flux or photon index with orbital phase; however, we do find a strong correlation between flux and photon index, with the spectrum becoming harder at higher fluxes. The dataset contains three large flaring episodes, the largest of these reaching a flux level of 7.2 (+0.1,-0.2)*10^-11 erg cm^-2 s^-1 in the 3-10 keV band, which is a factor of three times larger than flux levels typically seen in the system. Analysis of these flares shows the X-ray emission from LS I +61 303 changing by up to a factor of six over timescales of several hundred seconds as well as doubling times as fast as 2 seconds. This is the fastest variability ever observed from LS I +61 303 at this wavelength and places constraints on the size of the X-ray emitting region.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 1 of The frequency of rare and monogenic diseases in pediatric organ transplant recipients in Italy
Creators: name: Vaisitti, Tiziana
name: Peritore, Daniela
name: Magistroni, Paola
name: Ricci, Andrea
name: Lombardini, Letizia
name: Gringeri, Enrico
name: Catalano, Silvia
name: Spada, Marco
name: Sciveres, Marco
name: Di Giorgio, Angelo
name: Limongelli, Giuseppe
name: Varrenti, Marisa
name: Gerosa, Gino
name: Terzi, Amedeo
name: Pace  Napoleone, Carlo
name: Amodeo, Antonio
name: Ragni, Luca
name: Strologo, Luca dello
name: Benetti, Elisa
name: Fontana, Iris
name: Testa, Sara
name: Peruzzi, Licia
name: Mitrotti, Adele
name: Abbate, Serena
name: Comai, Giorgia
name: Gotti, Eliana
name: Schiavon, Marco
name: Boffini, Massimo
name: De Angelis, Daniele
name: Bertani, Alessandro
name: Pinelli, Domenico
name: Torre, Massimo
name: Poggi, Camilla
name: Deaglio, Silvia
name: Cardillo, Massimo
name: Amoroso, Antonio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Additionale file 1 includes Supplementary Table 1 showing combined transplants in the pediatricand adult cohorts included in the study and a Supplementary Table 2 listing Transplant Centers that enrolledpediatric and adult patients included in the study and present in the Transplant Registry.
Modelling the flyby anomalies using a modification of inertia
Creators: name: McCulloch, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flyby anomalies are unexplained velocity jumps of 3.9, -4.6, 13.5, -2, 1.8 and 0.02 mm/s observed near closest approach during the Earth flybys of six spacecraft. These flybys are modelled here using a theory that assumes that inertia is due to a form of Unruh radiation, and varies with acceleration due to a Hubble-scale Casimir effect. Considering the acceleration of the craft relative to every particle of the rotating Earth, the theory predicts that there is a slight reduction in inertial mass with increasing latitude for an unbound craft, since near the pole it sees a lower average relative acceleration. Applying this theory to the in- and out-bound flyby paths, with conservation of momentum, the predicted anomalies were 2.9, -0.9, 20.1, 0.9, 3.2 and -1.3 mm/s. Three of the flyby anomalies were reproduced within error bars, and the theory explains their recently-observed dependence on the latitude difference between their incident and exit trajectories. The errors for the other three flybys were between 1 and 3 mm/s.
description: 13 pages, 1 table and 2 figures. Accepted by MNRAS letters 24/6/2008. Submitted 26/3/2008. This version: corrected a few typos
Front- vs. back-illuminated CCD cameras for photometric surveys: a noise budget analysis
Creators: name: Crouzet, Nicolas
name: Guillot, Tristan
name: Fressin, Francois
name: Blazit, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exoplanetary transit and stellar oscillation surveys require a very high precision photometry. The instrumental noise has therefore to be minimized. First, we perform a semi-analytical model of different noise sources. We show that the noise due the CCD electrodes can be overcome using a Gaussian PSF (Point Spread Function) of full width half maximum larger than 1.6 pixels. We also find that for a PSF size of a few pixels, the photometric aperture has to be at least 2.5 times larger than the PSF full width half maximum. Then, we compare a front- with a back-illuminated CCD through a Monte-Carlo simulation. Both cameras give the same results for a PSF full width half maximum larger than 1.5 pixels. All these simulations are applied to the A STEP (Antarctica Search for Transiting Extrasolar Planets) project. As a result, we choose a front-illuminated camera for A STEP because of its better resolution and lower price, and we will use a PSF larger than 1.6 pixels.
Orbifolds as stacks?
Creators: name: Lerman, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The first goal of this survey paper is to argue that if orbifolds are groupoids, then the collection of orbifolds and their maps has to be thought of as a 2-category. Compare this with the classical definition of Satake and Thurston of orbifolds as a 1-category of sets with extra structure and/or with the "modern" definition of orbifolds as proper etale Lie groupoids up to Morita equivalence. The second goal is to describe two complementary ways of thinking of orbifolds as a 2-category: 1. the weak 2-category of foliation Lie groupoids, bibundles and equivariant maps between bibundles and 2. the strict 2-category of Deligne-Mumford stacks over the category of smooth manifolds.
description: v2: minor changes
Magnetic and electronic structure of the topological semimetal YbMnSb$_2$
Creators: name: Soh, Jian-Rui
name: Tobin, Siobhan M.
name: Su, Hao
name: Zivkovic, Ivica
name: Ouladdiaf, Bachir
name: Stunault, Anne
name: Rodríguez-Velamazán, J. Alberto
name: Beauvois, Ketty
name: Guo, Yanfeng
name: Boothroyd, Andrew T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The antiferromagnetic (AFM) semimetal YbMnSb$_2$ has recently been identified as a candidate topological material, driven by time-reversal symmetry breaking. Depending on the ordered arrangement of Mn spins below the Néel temperature, $T_\mathrm{N}$ = 345 K, the electronic bands near the Fermi energy can ether have a Dirac node, a Weyl node or a nodal line. We have investigated the ground state magnetic structure of YbMnSb$_2$ using unpolarized and polarized single crystal neutron diffraction. We find that the Mn moments lie along the $c$ axis of the $P4/nmm$ space group and are arranged in a C-type AFM structure, which implies the existence of gapped Dirac nodes near the Fermi level. The results highlight how different magnetic structures can critically affect the topological nature of fermions in semimetals.
Phenomenological Effects of CPT and Lorentz Invariance Violation in Particle and Astroparticle Physics
Creators: name: Antonelli, Vito
name: Miramonti, Lino
name: Torri, Marco Danilo Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that a fundamental theorem of Quantum Field Theory (QFT) set in at spacetime ensures the CPT invariance of the theory. This symmetry is strictly connected to the Lorentz covariance, and consequently to the fundamental structure of spacetime. Therefore it may be interesting to investigate the possibility of departure from this fundamental symmetry, since it can furnish a window to observe possible effects of a more fundamental quantum gravity theory in a "lower energy limit". Moreover, in the past, the inquiry of symmetry violations provided a starting point for new physics discoveries. A useful physical framework for this kind of search is provided by astroparticle physics, thanks to the high energy involved and to the long path travelled by particles accelerated by an astrophysical object and then revealed on Earth. Astrophysical messengers are therefore very important probes for investigating this sector, involving high energy photons, charged particles, and neutrinos of cosmic origin. In addition, one can also study artificial neutrino beams, investigated at accelerator experiments. Here we discuss the state of art for all these topics and some interesting new proposals, both from a theoretical and phenomenological point of view.
Ancora sui rapporti internazionali nell’opera di Francesco De Martino
Creators: name: Frunzio, Marina
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo"
Year: 2014

description: [Still on international legal relations in Francesco De Martino’s works] This article aims to be conducive to the appreciation of Francesco De Martino’s studies on international legal relations in ancient Rome. Many scholars, particularly in the recent past, have rightly underlined the importance and variety of De Martino’s analyses of the concept of peace and the eminent role of war, used mainly as a means of revenge. Other aspects of his studies are worth taking into consideration, specially in regard with the legal protection of foreigners, which, according to the Neapolitan law professor, was inspired by the concept of fides. Despite the fact that not all of these aspects are shared among scholars, there is not doubt that they provide essential support to the continuation of research into interstate relations in ancient times and into the development of the ius gentium.
description: Cultura giuridica e diritto vivente, Vol 1 (2014)
What to expect from dynamical modelling of cluster haloes I. The information content of different dynamical tracers
Creators: name: Li, Qingyang
name: Han, Jiaxin
name: Wang, Wenting
name: Cui, Weiguang
name: Li, Zhaozhou
name: Yang, Xiaohu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using hydrodynamical simulations, we study how well the underlying gravitational potential of a galaxy cluster can be modelled dynamically with different types of tracers. In order to segregate different systematics and the effects of varying estimator performances, we first focus on applying a generic minimal assumption method (oPDF) to model the simulated haloes using the full 6-D phasespace information. We show that the halo mass and concentration can be recovered in an ensemble unbiased way, with a stochastic bias that varies from halo to halo, mostly reflecting deviations from steady state in the tracer distribution. The typical systematic uncertainty is $\sim 0.17$ dex in the virial mass and $\sim 0.17$ dex in the concentration as well when dark matter particles are used as tracers. The dynamical state of satellite galaxies are close to that of dark matter particles, while intracluster stars are less in a steady state, resulting in a $\sim$ 0.26 dex systematic uncertainty in mass. Compared with galactic haloes hosting Milky-Way-like galaxies, cluster haloes show a larger stochastic bias in the recovered mass profiles. We also test the accuracy of using intracluster gas as a dynamical tracer modelled through a generalised hydrostatic equilibrium equation, and find a comparable systematic uncertainty in the estimated mass to that using dark matter. Lastly, we demonstrate that our conclusions are largely applicable to other steady-state dynamical models including the spherical Jeans equation, by quantitatively segregating their statistical efficiencies and robustness to systematics. We also estimate the limiting number of tracers that leads to the systematics-dominated regime in each case.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
types of texts in translation
Creators: name: ergasheva, sarvinoz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 470321
subject: Translation and interpretation studies
classificationCode: 470514
subject: Literary theory

description: The research project on the topic of "Text Types in Translation" explores the various text types that translators encounter in their work. The study addresses the fundamental principles of translation, including the importance of cultural context and linguistic nuances. This research examines a wide range of text types, such as literary texts, legal documents, technical manuals, and business communications. A key focus of the study is on the significance of preserving the original tone, style, and meaning when translating a text into another language. The research emphasizes the need for translators to analyze texts for translation problems and develop strategies to address these issues effectively. Overall, this project provides students with a solid foundation in both translation theory and practice, which can be applied across different types of texts and languages.
Additional file 1 of Identification of quantitative trait nucleotides and candidate genes for tuber yield and mosaic virus tolerance in an elite population of white guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata) using genome-wide association scan
Creators: name: Agre, Paterne A.
name: Norman, Prince E.
name: Asiedu, Robert
name: Asfaw, Asrat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Description of trait progenitors utilized for the study. Supplementary Table 2. BLUP values of tuber yield per plant (TYP) and yam mosaic virus (YMV) among 406 clones of white yam. Supplementary Table 3. Cluster membership of 406 genotypes of white yam based on structure and phylogeny tree analyses. Supplementary Table 4. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with the yield per plant (TYP) and yam mosaic virus (YMV) and putative genes identified in chromosomes of 406 clones of white yam
Neutrino Oscillations and Lorentz Invariance Violation
Creators: name: Torri, Marco Danilo Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work explores the possibility of resorting to neutrino phenomenology to detect evidence of new physics, caused by the residual signals of the supposed quantum structure of spacetime. In particular, this work investigates the effects on neutrino oscillations and mass hierarchy detection, predicted by models that violate Lorentz invariance, preserving the spacetime isotropy and homogeneity. Neutrino physics is the ideal environment where conducting the search for new "exotic" physics, since the oscillation phenomenon is not included in the original formulation of the minimal Standard Model (SM) of particles. The confirmed observation of the neutrino oscillation phenomenon is, therefore, the first example of physics beyond the SM and can indicate the necessity to resort to new theoretical models. In this work, the hypothesis that the supposed Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) perturbations can influence the oscillation pattern is investigated. LIV theories are indeed constructed assuming modified kinematics, caused by the interaction of massive particles with the spacetime background. This means that the dispersion relations are modified, so it appears natural to search for effects caused by LIV in physical phenomena governed by masses, as in the case of neutrino oscillations. In addition, the neutrino oscillation phenomenon is interesting since there are three different mass eigenstates and in a LIV scenario, which preserves isotropy, at least two different species of particle must interact.
LEJANDR VA YAKOBI SIMVOLLARINING ALGEBRA VA SONLAR NAZARIYASIDA TUTGAN O'RNI
Creators: name: Zahiriddinova, Shahlo
name: Yormatova, Farangiz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqola Lejandr va Yakobi simvollarining algebra va sonlar nazariyasidagi muhim o'rnini o'rganadi. Bu simvollar kvadratik qoldiqlar, modul arifmetika va sonlarning xossalari bilan bog'liq masalalarni hal qilishda qo'llaniladi. Maqolada ularning tarixiy rivojlanishi, matematik xossalari va zamonaviy ilovalari muhokama qilinadi. Shuningdek, ushbu simvollarning sonlar nazariyasidagi fundamental teoremalarga ta'siri va algebraik tuzilmalardagi roli tahlil etiladi.Lejandr va Yakobi simvollari sonlar nazariyasida muhim rol o‘ynab, kvadratik qoldiqlar va modul arifmetikani o‘rganishda asosiy vositalardan biri sifatida qo‘llaniladi. Ushbu maqolada ushbu simvollarining paydo bo‘lish tarixi, ularning asosiy matematik xossalari va qo‘llanilish sohalari tahlil qilinadi. Ayniqsa, kvadratik o‘zaro bog‘liqlik qonuni, algebraik tuzilmalar va kriptografiya sohasidagi ahamiyati yoritiladi. Shuningdek, Lejandr va Yakobi simvollarining zamonaviy matematik tadqiqotlar va amaliy masalalardagi o‘rni muhokama qilinadi.
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Hirschfeld, Robert
name: Pape, Tobias
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Software and its engineering

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 166, 34th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2020), pages 0:i-0:xxviii
Accretion of matter onto black holes in massive gravity with Lorentz symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Jawad, Abdul
name: Jusufi, Kimet
name: Shahzad, M. Umair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the accretion of matter onto the black holes and the shadow images obtained by an infalling accretion flow of gas in a theory of massive gravity (MG) with a spontaneously breaking Lorentz symmetry. This black hole solution is characterized by mass $M$, scalar charge $S$ and the parameter $λ$. In order to extract the astrophysical results of our analyses, firstly, we have assumed a specific range for the parameter $λ$ to constrain the scalar charge $S$ using the EHT result. To this end, we have studied the effect of the scalar charge on the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation from the black hole. Moreover, we investigate the behavior of polytropic as well as the isothermal fluid flow onto massive gravity black hole and notice that accretion starts from supersonic/subsonic flow, passes through the critical point using particular model parameter and ends near the horizon. We also analyzed the mass accretion rate in the presence of various fluids which indicates important signatures. We also elaborate on the possibility to analyze the phase transition and the stability of the black hole using the shadow formalism.
description: 14 pages, 24 figures, the manuscript is accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Holographic Multiverse
Creators: name: Garriga, J.
name: Vilenkin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the idea that the dynamics of the inflationary multiverse is encoded in its future boundary, where it is described by a lower dimensional theory which is conformally invariant in the UV. We propose that a measure for the multiverse, which is needed in order to extract quantitative probabilistic predictions, can be derived in terms of the boundary theory by imposing a UV cutoff. In the inflationary bulk, this is closely related (though not identical) to the so-called scale factor cutoff measure.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures. Replaced to match published version
Investigations of a coherently driven semiconductor optical cavity QED system
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Kartik
name: Michael, Christopher P.
name: Perahia, Raviv
name: Painter, Oskar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chip-based cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) devices consisting of a self-assembled InAs quantum dot (QD) coupled to a high quality factor GaAs microdisk cavity are coherently probed through their optical channel using a fiber taper waveguide. We highlight one particularly important aspect of this all-fiber measurement setup, which is the accuracy to which the optical coupling level and optical losses are known relative to typical free-space excitation techniques. This allows for precise knowledge of the intracavity photon number and measurement of absolute transmitted and reflected signals. Resonant optical spectroscopy of the system under both weak and strong driving conditions are presented, which when compared with a quantum master equation model of the system allows for determination of the coherent coupling rate between QD exciton and optical cavity mode, the different levels of elastic and inelastic dephasing of the exciton state, and the position and orientation of the QD within the cavity. Pump-probe measurements are also performed in which a far off-resonant red-detuned control laser beam is introduced into the cavity. Rather than producing a measurable ac-Stark shift in the exciton line of the QD, we find that this control beam induces a saturation of the resonant system response. The broad photoluminescence spectrum resulting from the presence of the control beam in the cavity points to sub-bandgap absorption in the semiconductor, and the resulting free-carrier generation, as the likely source of system saturation.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures
Sedação e analgesia na UTI
Creators: name: Gerhardt Soares Fortunato, Juliana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: sedação
subject: Analgesia
subject: enfermagem
subject: terapia intensiva

description: Aula que aborda os principais analgésicos e sedativos utilizados na UTI, bem como manejo da dor e cuidados de enfermagem.
A Subaru Pencil-beam Search for m_R~27 Trans-neptunian bodies
Creators: name: Fuentes, Cesar I.
name: George, Matthew R.
name: Holman, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of an archival search for Trans-neptunian objects (TNOs) in an ecliptic field observed with Subaru in 2002. The depth of the search allowed us to find 20 new TNOs with magnitudes between R=24 and 27. We fit a double power law model to the data; the most likely values for the bright and faint power law exponents are alpha_1=0.73_{-0.09}^{+0.08} and alpha_2=0.20_{-0.14}^{+0.12}; the differential number density at R=23 is sigma_{23}=1.46_{-0.12}^{+0.14} and the break magnitude is R_{eq}=25.0_{-0.6}^{+0.8}. This is the most precise measurement of the break in the TNO luminosity function to date. The break in the size distribution corresponds to a diameter of D = 90+-30 km assuming a 4% albedo.
description: Added references. 5 pages, 4 figures. apj submitted
IEEE 802.1AS Clock Synchronization Performance Evaluation of an Integrated Wired-Wireless TSN Architecture
Creators: name: Val, Inaki
name: Seijo, Oscar
name: Torrego, Raul
name: Astarloa, Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Industrial control systems present numerous challenges from the communication systems perspective: clock synchronization, deterministic behavior, low latency, high reliability, flexibility, and scalability. These challenges are mostly solved with standard technologies over Ethernet, e.g., Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN). As a research trend, it is expected that TSN will converge with wireless, leading to the Wireless TSN paradigm. Also, Wireless TSN is expected to be integrated with Ethernet TSN to create large-scale wired-wireless (Hybrid) TSN networks. The first step towards Hybrid TSN is the distribution of the clock reference from the wired to the wireless domain. In this paper, we leverage existing Ethernet TSN and wireless technologies implementations (Wi-Fi and w-SHARP) and we present two hardware architectures specifically engineered to enable the clock synchronization distribution among the network domains. The hardware architectures have been implemented over a System-on-Chip (SoC) Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform. We demonstrate through several experiments that the implementation is able to fulfill the synchronization performance required by TSN.
description: This paper has been accepted by IEEE Transaction on Industrial informatics 2021
Additional file 1 of Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on publication dynamics and non-COVID-19 research production
Creators: name: Raynaud, Marc
name: Goutaudier, Valentin
name: Louis, Kevin
name: Al-Awadhi, Solaf
name: Dubourg, Quentin
name: Truchot, Agathe
name: Brousse, Romain
name: Saleh, Nouredine
name: Giarraputo, Alessia
name: Debiais, Charlotte
name: Demir, Zeynep
name: Certain, Anaïs
name: Tacafred, Francine
name: Cortes-Garcia, Esteban
name: Yanes, Safia
name: Dagobert, Jessy
name: Naser, Sofia
name: Robin, Blaise
name: Bailly, Élodie
name: Jouven, Xavier
name: Reese, Peter P.
name: Loupy, Alexandre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1 : Methods: Search strategy. Figure 1. Weekly number of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 publications with original data (all journals). Figure 2. Simulation of the number of unpublished non-COVID-19 studies. Figure 3 COVID-19 publications and the ratio of the number of authors to the number of patients. Figure 4 Publication type and COVID-19 (general journals). Figure 5 COVID-19 publications and the number of authors dynamics (general journals). Figure 6 COVID-19 publications and multiplicity of authors (general journals).
A snapshot of the oldest AGN feedback phases
Creators: name: Brienza, M.
name: Shimwell, T. W.
name: de Gasperin, F.
name: Bikmaev, I.
name: Bonafede, A.
name: Botteon, A.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: Brunetti, G.
name: Burenin, R.
name: Capetti, A.
name: Churazov, E.
name: Hardcastle, M. J.
name: Khabibullin, I.
name: Lyskova, N.
name: Röttgering, H. J. A.
name: Sunyaev, R.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Gastaldello, F.
name: Mandal, S.
name: Purser, S.
name: Simionescu, A.
name: Tasse, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) inject large amounts of energy into their host galaxies and surrounding environment, shaping their properties and evolution. In particular, AGN jets inflate cosmic-ray lobes, which can rise buoyantly as light `bubbles' in the surrounding medium, displacing and heating the encountered thermal gas and thus halting its spontaneous cooling. These bubbles have been identified in a wide range of systems. However, due to the short synchrotron lifetime of electrons, the most advanced phases of their evolution have remained observationally unconstrained, preventing us to fully understand their coupling with the external medium, and thus AGN feedback. Simple subsonic hydrodynamic models predict that the pressure gradients, naturally present around the buoyantly rising bubbles, transform them into toroidal structures, resembling mushroom clouds in a stratified atmosphere. The way and timescales on which these tori will eventually disrupt depend on various factors including magnetic fields and plasma viscosity. Here we report LOFAR observations below 200 MHz, sensitive to the oldest radio-emitting particles, showing the late evolution of multiple generations of cosmic-ray AGN bubbles in a galaxy group with unprecedented level of detail. The bubbles' buoyancy power can efficiently offset the radiative cooling of the intragroup medium. However, the bubbles have still not thoroughly mixed with the thermal gas, after hundreds of million years, likely under the action of magnetic fields.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, published in Nature Astronomy
Submillimeter Observations of the Young Low-Mass Object IRAS 04158+2805
Creators: name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Williams, Jonathan P.
name: Allers, K. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high spatial resolution Submillimeter Array observations and supplementary single-dish photometry of the molecular gas and dust around IRAS 04158+2805, a young source with spectral type M5-M6 in the Taurus star-forming region. A bright, highly elongated dust structure that extends 8" (~1120 AU) in diameter is revealed in a 883 micron thermal continuum image. This emission geometry is in good agreement with optical observations that show a similar structure in absorption, aligned perpendicular to bipolar scattered light nebulae. However, the interferometric data also clearly demonstrate that the submillimeter continuum emission is not centrally concentrated, but rather appears to have a toroidal geometry with substantially lower intensities inside a radius of ~250-300 AU. Spatially resolved emission from the CO J=3-2 transition exhibits a velocity gradient along the major axis of the dust structure. If this kinematic pattern is interpreted as the signature of rotation around a central object, a relatively low mass is inferred (M_star = 0.3 M_sun, with a ~50% uncertainty). We discuss several possible explanations for the observed gas and dust environment around IRAS 04158+2805, including a flattened envelope with an outflow cavity and a large circumbinary ring. This source offers unique views of the gas and dust environment surrounding a young low-mass stellar system. Its properties are generally not commensurate with formation scenarios for such low-mass objects that rely on dynamical ejection, but rather confirms that a single mechanism - molecular cloud core collapse and fragmentation - can produce stars over a wide range of stellar masses (at least an order of magnitude).
description: accepted for publication in ApJ; 18 pages, 5 figures
High Redshift Galaxy Populations and their Descendants
Creators: name: Guo, Qi
name: White, Simon D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study model predictions for three high-redshift galaxy populations: Lyman break galaxies at z~3 (LBGs), optically selected star-forming galaxies at z~2 (BXs), and distant red galaxies at z~2 (DRGs).Our galaxy formation model simultaneously reproduces the abundances, redshift distributions and clustering of all three observed populations. The star formation rates (SFRs) of model LBGs and BXs are lower than those quoted for real samples, reflecting different initial mass functions and scatter in model dust properties. About 85% of model galaxies selected as DRGs are star-forming, with SFRs ranging up to 100 M_sun/yr. Model LBGs, BXs and DRGs together account for less than half of all star formation over the range 1.510^{11}M_sun are classified as LBGs or BXs at the relevant redshifts, while 65% are classified as DRGs. Almost all model LBGs and BXs are central galaxies, but about a quarter of DRGs are satellites. Half of all LBG descendants at z=2 would be identified as BX's, but very few as DRGs. Clustering increases with decreasing redshift for descendants of all three populations, becoming stronger than that of L^* galaxies by z=0, when many have become satellite galaxies. Their stellar mass growth is dominated by star formation until z~1 and thereafter by mergers. Most LBGs and DRGs end up as red ellipticals, while BXs have a more varied fate. 99% of local galaxies with M>10^{11.5}M_sun are predicted to have at least one LBG/BX/DRG progenitor, and over 70% above 10^{11}M_sun. (abbreviated)
description: 16 pages, 17 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Radially symmetric scalar solitons
Creators: name: Morris, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A class of noncanonical effective potentials is introduced allowing stable, radially symmetric, solutions to first order Bogomol'nyi equations for a real scalar field in a fixed spacetime background. This class of effective potentials generalizes those found previously by Bazeia, Menezes, and Menezes [Phys.Rev.Lett. 91 (2003) 241601] for radially symmetric defects in a flat spacetime. Use is made of the "on-shell method" introduced by Atmaja and Ramadhan [Phys.Rev.D 90 (2014) 10, 105009] of reducing the second order equation of motion to a first order one, along with a constraint equation. This method and class of potentials admits radially symmetric, stable solutions for four dimensional static, radially symmetric spacetimes. Stability against radial fluctuations is established with a modified version of Derrick's theorem, along with demonstrating that the radial stress vanishes. Several examples of scalar field configurations are given.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
The nature of dusty starburst galaxies in a rich cluster at z=0.4: the progenitors of lenticulars?
Creators: name: Geach, J. E.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Moran, Sean M.
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Ellis, Richard S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) survey of 24um-selected luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs, L_IR > 10^11 L_sun) in the rich cluster Cl0024+16 at z=0.4. Optically, these LIRGs resemble unremarkable spiral galaxies with e(a)/e(c) spectral classifications and [Oii]-derived star formation rates (SFRs) of <2 M_sun/yr, generally indistinguishable from the 'quiescent' star forming population in the cluster. Our IRS spectra show that the majority of the 24um-detected galaxies exhibit polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission with implied SFRs ~30-60 M_sun/yr, with only one (<10%) of the sample displaying unambiguous evidence of an active galactic nucleus in the mid-infrared. This confirms the presence of a large population of obscured starburst galaxies in distant clusters, which comprise the bulk of the star formation occurring in these environments at z~0.5. We suggest that, although several mechanisms could be at play, these dusty starbursts could be the signature of an important evolutionary transition converting gas-rich spiral galaxies in distant clusters into the passive, bulge-dominated lenticular galaxies that become increasingly abundant in the cores of rich clusters in the ~4Gyr to the present day.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures (Fig 5 degraded in quality). Accepted for publication in ApJ
Medica-Plus: a Micromegas-based proof-of-concept detector for sub-becquerel tritium activity assessment at the service of oncological research
Creators: name: Jambon, F.
name: Aune, S.
name: Baron, P.
name: Benoit, T.
name: Bey, T.
name: Desforge, D.
name: Ferrer-Ribas, E.
name: Grabas, A.
name: Kebbiri, M.
name: Mandjavidze, I.
name: Papaevangelou, T.
name: Riallot, M.
name: Vandenbroucke, M.
name: Beau, F.
name: Dive, V.
name: Malgorn, C.
name: Malloggi, F.
name: Rousselot, A.
name: Carrel, F.
name: Trocmé, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To fulfill needs in oncological research a new Micromegas detector has been developed to follow radiolabelled drugs in living organisms at the single cell level. This article describes the proof-of-concept of such a detector and compares its ability to detect and assess sub-becquerel \tritium~activities with a commercial $β$-imager
description: 14 pages, to be submitted to NIMA
Light-induced hidden odd-frequency order in a model for A$_3$C$_{60}$
Creators: name: Werner, Philipp
name: Murakami, Yuta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser driving in systems with competing or coupled electronic orders can lead to the enhancement of orders, or even to the appearance of hidden phases without an equilibrium analogue. Here we consider a model for A$_3$C$_{60}$ which exhibits a unique interplay between conventional and odd-frequency (or composite) orders. In particular, we show that photo-doping of the antiferromagnetic Mott insulating phase, as realized in Cs$_3$C$_{60}$, results in a paramagnetic gapped state with broken orbital symmetry. This hidden phase, which does not exist under equilibrium conditions, can be interpreted as an odd-frequency orbital-ordered state, and is conceptually related to the equilibrium Jahn-Teller metal in more weakly correlated compounds. Our study demonstrates the appearance of pure odd-frequency order via the nonthermal melting of magnetic order, and provides an interesting example of nonequilibrium control of electronic orders in a multi-orbital system.
Incorporating Temporal Information in Entailment Graph Mining
Creators: name: Guillou, Liane
name: de Vroe, Sander Bijl
name: Hosseini, Mohammad Javad
name: Johnson, Mark
name: Steedman, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel method for injecting temporality into entailment graphs to address the problem of spurious entailments, which may arise from similar but temporally distinct events involving the same pair of entities. We focus on the sports domain in which the same pairs of teams play on different occasions, with different outcomes. We present an unsupervised model that aims to learn entailments such as win/lose $\rightarrow$ play, while avoiding the pitfall of learning non-entailments such as win $\not\rightarrow$ lose. We evaluate our model on a manually constructed dataset, showing that incorporating time intervals and applying a temporal window around them, are effective strategies.
description: L. Guillou, S. Bijl de Vroe, M.J. Hosseini, M. Johnson, and M. Steedman. 2020. Incorporating temporal information in entailment graph mining. In Proceedings of the Graph-based Methods for Natural Language Processing (TextGraphs), pages 60-71, Barcelona, Spain (Online). Association for Computational Linguistics
The propagation of uncertainties in stellar population synthesis modeling I: The relevance of uncertain aspects of stellar evolution and the IMF to the derived physical properties of galaxies
Creators: name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Gunn, James E.
name: White, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar masses, mean ages, metallicities, and star formation histories of galaxies are now commonly estimated via stellar population synthesis (SPS) techniques. SPS relies on stellar evolution calculations from the main sequence to stellar death, stellar spectral libraries, phenomenological dust models, and stellar initial mass functions (IMFs). The present work is the first in a series that explores the impact of uncertainties in key phases of stellar evolution and the IMF on the derived physical properties of galaxies and the expected luminosity evolution for a passively evolving set of stars. A Monte-Carlo Markov-Chain approach is taken to fit near-UV through near-IR photometry of a representative sample of low- and high-redshift galaxies with this new SPS model. Significant results include the following: 1) including uncertainties in stellar evolution, stellar masses at z~0 carry errors of ~0.3 dex at 95% CL with little dependence on luminosity or color, while at z~2, the masses of bright red galaxies are uncertain at the ~0.6 dex level; 2) either current stellar evolution models, current observational stellar libraries, or both, do not adequately characterize the metallicity-dependence of the thermally-pulsating asymptotic giant branch phase; 3) conservative estimates on the uncertainty of the slope of the IMF in the solar neighborhood imply that luminosity evolution per unit redshift is uncertain at the ~0.4 mag level in the K-band, which is a substantial source of uncertainty for interpreting the evolution of galaxy populations across time; 4) The more plausible assumption of a distribution of stellar metallicities, rather than a fixed value as is usually assumed, can have significant effects on the interpretation of colors blueward of the V-band. (ABRIDGED)
description: 21 pages, 17 figures, ApJ in press
Useful transformations: from ion-laser interactions to master equations
Creators: name: Juárez-Amaro, R.
name: Vargas-Martínez, J. M.
name: Moya-Cessa, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show set of transformations which allow to obtain analytic solutions in several quantum-optical problems. We start with the ion-laser (time dependent) interaction, continue with the problem of a slow atom interacting with a quantized field to end with a master equation that describes losses. In all cases it is shown that one may find useful transformations that simplify the problems.
description: 6 pages, no figures
Star Clusters Around Recoiled Black Holes in the Milky Way Halo
Creators: name: O'Leary, Ryan M.
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational wave emission by coalescing black holes (BHs) kicks the remnant BH with a typical velocity of hundreds of km/s. This velocity is sufficiently large to remove the remnant BH from a low-mass galaxy but is below the escape velocity from the Milky Way (MW) galaxy. If central BHs were common in the galactic building blocks that merged to make the MW, then numerous BHs that were kicked out of low-mass galaxies should be freely floating in the MW halo today. We use a large statistical sample of possible merger tree histories for the MW to estimate the expected number of recoiled BH remnants present in the MW halo today. We find that hundreds of BHs should remain bound to the MW halo after leaving their parent low-mass galaxies. Each BH carries a compact cluster of old stars that populated the core of its original host galaxy. Using the time-dependent Fokker-Planck equation, we find that present-day clusters are ~< 1 pc in size, and their central bright regions should be unresolved in most existing sky surveys. These compact systems are distinguishable from globular clusters by their internal (Keplerian) velocity dispersion greater than one hundred km/s and their high mass-to-light ratio owing to the central BH. An observational discovery of this relic population of star clusters in the MW halo, would constrain the formation history of the MW and the dynamics of BH mergers in the early Universe. A similar population should exist around other galaxies, and may potentially be detectable in M31 and M33.
description: 7 Pages, 2 Figures. Discussion/references expanded. MNRAS accepted, in press