cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fertility Intention and Family Planning Utilization among People Living With HIV/AIDS in Felege Hiwot Hospital Bahir Dar
Creators: name: Fentahun, Tiguaded
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2008

description: Background: HIV positive individuals may or may not have intention to have children. They could also have different degrees of utilization and demand for family planning. The extent of the intention and how it varies by individual, social, health and demographic characteristics is not well understood. The desire of HIV infected persons to have children in the future has significant implication for the transmission of HIV to sexual partners or newborns. Objective: The aim of the study is to assess fertility intention and family planning Utilization of people living with HIV/AIDS who are at ART follow up care in Bahir Dar. Method: The study was undertaken from March 11 to 26, 2008, using quantitative crosssectional study supplemented by qualitative in-depth interview on a sample of 366 PLWHA on follow up care. The study subjects were selected using quota sampling technique. The pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data and analysed using EPI info window 2000 and SPSS 11.0 statistical packages. Result: Nearly one fifth of respondents (21.6%), male 42 (53.2%) and female 37 (46.8%) had an intention of child. In general PLWHAs who were intended to have children are those on ART follow up care more than a year (AOR:4.33 ,95% CI: 1.35-13.90) and not having any children (AOR: 13.9 ,95% CI: 3.6-54.27) than those who did not desire children. Fifty five (33.7%) male and 46 (22.7%), overall 101(27.6%) were using family planning during the study period. The respondents who were using family planning were marriage/living together (AOR 3.67, 95%CI: 1.48-9.08), divorce/ widow (AOR: 0.30, 95%CI: 0.10_0.90) and who can read and write (AOR: 3.76 95%CI:1.26-11.22) showed significant association with current family planning use. Thirty nine (51.3%) married women/live together had unmet need. Conclusion: A high proportion of HIV positive individuals who received medical care expressed a wish for parenthood and wants to use family planning. The extent of fertility intention and family planning needs of these people has implication for vertical, heterosexual transmission and the need for counselling.
title: Eu matei Sherazade: Confissões de uma mulher árabe em fúria: Haddad, J. (2017). Lisboa: Sibila Publicações, 166 pp
Creators: name: Jesus, Isabel Henriques de
Publisher: name: CICS.NOVA - Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Year: 2018

description: Recensão crítica do livro "Eu matei Sherazade: Confissões de uma mulher árabe em fúria. Haddad, J. (2017). Lisboa: Sibila Publicações, 166 pp." por Isabel Henriques de Jesus.
description: Jesus, Isabel Henriques de. (2018). Eu matei Sherazade: Confissões de uma mulher árabe em fúria: Haddad, J. (2017). Lisboa: Sibila Publicações, 166 pp.. Faces de Eva. Estudos sobre a Mulher, (39), 203-205. ISSN: 0874-6885
Complex Memory Formation in Frictional Granular Media
Creators: name: Candela, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using numerical simulations it is shown that a jammed, random pack of soft frictional grains can store an arbitrary waveform that is applied as a small time-dependent shear while the system is slowly compressed. When the system is decompressed at a later time, an approximation of the input waveform is recalled in time-reversed order as shear stresses on the system boundaries. This effect depends on friction between the grains, and is independent of some aspects of the friction model. This type of memory could potentially be observable in other types of random media that form internal contacts when compressed.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Design and Demonstration of Ultra Wide Bandgap AlGaN Tunnel Junctions
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuewei
name: Krishnamoorthy, Sriram
name: Akyol, Fatih
name: Allerman, Andrew A.
name: Moseley, Michael W.
name: Armstrong, Andrew M.
name: Rajan, Siddharth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra violet light emitting diodes (UV LEDs) face critical limitations in both the injection efficiency and light extraction efficiency due to the resistive and absorbing p-type contact layers. In this work, we investigate the design and application of polarization engineered tunnel junctions for ultra-wide bandgap AlGaN (Al mole fraction higher than 50%) materials towards highly efficient UV LEDs. We demonstrate that polarization-induced 3D charge is beneficial in reducing tunneling barriers especially for high composition AlGaN tunnel junctions. The design of graded tunnel junction structures could lead to low tunneling resistance below 10-3 Ohm cm2 and low voltage consumption below 1 V (at 1 kA/cm2) for high composition AlGaN tunnel junctions. Experimental demonstration of 292 nm emission was achieved through non-equilibrium hole injection into wide bandgap materials with bandgap energy larger than 4.7 eV, and detailed modeling of tunnel junctions shows that they can be engineered to have low resistance, and can enable efficient emitters in the UV-C wavelength range.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Quantum vibronic effects on the electronic properties of molecular crystals
Creators: name: Kundu, Arpan
name: Galli, Giulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of molecular crystals, focused on the effect of nuclear quantum motion and anharmonicity on their electronic properties. We consider a system composed of relatively rigid molecules, a diamondoid crystal, and one composed of floppier molecules, NAI-DMAC, a thermally activated delayed fluorescence compound. We compute fundamental electronic gaps at the DFT level of theory, with the PBE and SCAN functionals, by coupling first-principles molecular dynamics with a nuclear quantum thermostat. We find a sizable zero-point-renormalization (ZPR) of the band gaps, which is much larger in the case of diamondoids (~ 0.6 eV) than for NAI-DMAC (~ 0.22 eV). We show that the frozen phonon (FP) approximation, which neglects inter-molecular anharmonic effects, leads to a large error (~ 50%) in the calculation of the band gap ZPR. Instead, when using a stochastic method, we obtain results in good agreement with those of our quantum simulations for the diamondoid crystal. However, the agreement is worse for NAI-DMAC where intra-molecular anharmonicities contribute to the ZPR. Our results highlight the importance of accurately including nuclear and anharmonic quantum effects to predict the electronic properties of molecular crystals.
description: 54 pages, 20 figures
Origin of Kinks in Energy Dispersion of Strongly Correlated Matter
Creators: name: Matsuyama, Kazue
name: Perepelisky, Edward
name: Shastry, B Sriram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the origin of ubiquitous low energy kinks found in Angle Resolved Photoemission (ARPES) experiments in a variety of correlated matter. Such kinks are unexpected from weakly interacting electrons and hence identifying their origin should lead to fundamental insights in strongly correlated matter. We devise a protocol for extracting the kink momentum and energy from the experimental data which relies solely on the two asymptotic tangents of each dispersion curve, away from the feature itself. It is thereby insensitive to the different shapes of the kinks as seen in experiments. The body of available data is then analyzed using this method. We proceed to discuss two alternate theoretical explanations of the origin of the kinks. Some theoretical proposals invoke local Bosonic excitations (Einstein phonons or other modes with spin or charge character), located exactly at the energy of observed kinks, leading to a momentum independent self energy of the electrons. A recent alternate is the theory of extremely correlated Fermi liquids (ECFL). This theory predicts kinks in the dispersion arising from a momentum dependent self energy of correlated electrons. We present the essential results from both classes of theories, and identify experimental features that can help distinguish between the two mechanisms. The ECFL theory is found to be consistent with currently available data on kinks in the nodal direction of cuprate superconductors, but conclusive tests require higher resolution energy distribution curve data.
Geological and taphonomic investigations of a pitfall cave fossil deposit (McEachern's Deathtrap Cave, G-49/50), Lower Glenelg National Park, Southwest Victoria, Australia
Creators: name: Kos., Andrew M.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Body mass index, calcium supplementation and risk of colorectal adenomas
Creators: name: Bresalier, R.S.
name: Church, T.R.
name: Bostick, R.M.
name: Burke, C.A.
name: Robertson, D.J.
name: Barry, E.L.
name: Westreich, D.
name: Lund, J.L.
name: Mott, L.A.
name: Baron, J.A.
name: Beck, G.J.
name: Ahnen, D.J.
name: Rees, J.R.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Liss Inc.
Year: 2019

description: Calcium supplementation (1,200 mg/day) did not significantly reduce colorectal adenomas in our recent randomized, controlled trial (Vitamin D/Calcium Polyp Prevention Study, VCPPS, 2004–2013) in contrast to our previous trial (Calcium Polyp Prevention Study, CPPS, 1988–1996). To reconcile these findings, we identified participant characteristics that differed between the study populations and modified the effect of calcium supplementation on adenomas or high-risk findings (advanced or multiple adenomas). Compared to the CPPS, more participants in the VCPPS were obese (body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m 2 ; 37.5% vs. 24.4%) and fewer had normal BMI (BMI <25 kg/m 2 ; 18.5% vs. 31%). BMI appeared to modify the effect of calcium supplementation on adenomas and especially on high risk-findings: in the VCPPS, there was a 44% reduction in high-risk findings among individuals whose BMI was normal (RR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.26–1.23), but not among overweight (RR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.62–1.91) or obese (RR = 1.54, 95% CI = 0.92–2.57) individuals (p interaction = 0.03). Similarly, in the CPPS, there was a 56% reduction in high-risk findings among individuals whose BMI was normal (RR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.26–0.74), but not among overweight (RR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.55–1.39) or obese (RR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.57–1.82) individuals (p interaction = 0.02). Standardization of each trial's findings to the BMI distribution in the other attenuated calcium's protective effect on adenomas in the CPPS but enhanced it in the VCPPS. In conclusion, 1,200 mg/day calcium supplementation may reduce risk of colorectal adenomas among those with normal BMI but not in overweight or obese individuals; and differences in BMI distribution partially account for the apparent difference in calcium efficacy between the two trials.
The ecology of leaf lifespan in Nothofagus gunnii (deciduous) and Nothofagus cunninghamii (evergreen)
Creators: name: Kohout., Michele
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Ψηφιακές πρακτικές παιδιών στην καθημερινή τους ζωή
Creators: name: Τσαμασλίδου Χριστίνα Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: διαδικτυακές πρακτικές
μαθητές
γονεϊκή διαμεσολάβηση
online practices
students
parental mediation

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας είναι να διερευνήσει τις διαδικτυακές πρακτικές των παιδιών στην καθημερινή τους ζωή. Ειδικότερα, επιχειρείται να δώσει απάντηση σε ερωτήματα των ερευνητών που αφορούν την ενασχόληση των μαθητών δημοτικού σχολείου με το διαδίκτυο και την τεχνολογία και να προβάλλει σημαντικά ερευνητικά ερωτήματα για μελλοντική έρευνα. Μετά από μελέτη πλήθους παρόμοιων ερευνών, η έρευνα ανέδειξε τρεις σημαντικές υποθέσεις που χρήζουν περαιτέρω μελέτης: α. οι μαθητές εμπλέκονται σε διαδικτυακές πρακτικές για ψυχαγωγικούς, επικοινωνιακούς και εκπαιδευτικούς σκοπούς, β. το οικογενειακό και το σχολικό περιβάλλον προωθούν την ανταλλαγή γνώσεων σχετικά με τις διαδικτυακές πρακτικές γραμματισμού των παιδιών και γ. στις διαδικτυακές πρακτικές των παιδιών στο σπίτι υπάρχει γονεϊκός έλεγχος. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 120 μαθητές που φοιτούσαν στις τρεις τελευταίες τάξεις τριών δημοτικών σχολείων της Δυτικής Θεσσαλονίκης στους οποίους μοιράστηκαν ερωτηματολόγια σε έντυπη μορφή καθώς πραγματοποιήθηκε ποσοτική έρευνα τον χειμώνα του 2021. Τα αποτελέσματα ανέδειξαν ότι οι Έλληνες μαθητές εμπλέκονται σε διαδικτυακές πρακτικές κυρίως για ψυχαγωγικούς σκοπούς αλλά και για εκπαιδευτικούς και κοινωνικούς λόγους, το διαδίκτυο χρησιμοποιείται σχεδόν καθημερινά για πραγμάτωση σχολικών εργασιών και συνεργασία ανάμεσα στους μαθητές αλλά οι δάσκαλοι σπάνια το επιτρέπουν μέσα στην τάξη και τέλος, οι γονείς συμμετέχουν ενεργά στη χρήση του διαδικτύου ενθαρρύνοντας και συμβουλεύοντας τα παιδιά τους
description: The purpose of this study is to explore online practices of young children on their daily life. Especially, attempts to answer researchers 'questions about elementary school students' involvement with the Internet and technology, and to raise important research questions for future research. After studying several similar studies, the research revealed three important hypotheses that need further study: a. students engage in online practices for recreational, communicative, and educational purposes, b. the family and school environment promote the exchange of knowledge about children's digital literacy practices and c. in children's online practices at home there is parental control. The research involved 120 students who attended the last three classes of three primary schools in Western Thessaloniki, to whom questionnaires were distributed in printed form as quantitative research was conducted in the winter of 2021. The results showed that Greek students are involved in online practices mainly for recreational purposes but also for educational and social purposes, the internet is used almost daily for schoolwork and collaboration between students but teachers rarely allow it in the classroom and finally, Parents are actively involved in using the internet by encouraging and advising their children
Probing the Timescale of the 1.4 GHz Radio emissions as a Star formation tracer
Creators: name: Arango-Toro, R. C.
name: Ciesla, L.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Magnelli, B.
name: Jiménez-Andrade, E. F.
name: Buat, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio used as a star formation rate (SFR) tracer presents enormous advantages by being unaffected by dust and radio sources being pinpointed at the sub-arc-second level. The interpretation of the low frequency 1.4 GHz luminosity is hampered by the difficulty in modeling the cosmic ray paths in the interstellar medium, and their interactions with the magnetic field. In this work, we compare the SFR derived from radio observations, and the ones derived from spectral energy distribution (SED) modeling. We aim at better understand the behavior of the SFR radio tracer, with a specific emphasis on the link with star-formation histories. We used the SED modeling code Code Investigating GALaxy Emission, CIGALE, with a non-parametric star formation history model (SFH) and fit the data over the wavelength range from the ultraviolet (UV) up to the mid-infrared (mid-IR). We interpret the difference between radio and SED-based SFR tracers in the light of recent gradients in the derived SFH. To validate the robustness of the results, we checked for any remaining active galaxy nuclei (AGN) contribution and tested the impact of our SFH modeling approach. Approximately 27% our galaxies present a radio SFR (SFR$_{\rm radio}$) at least ten times larger than the instantaneous SFR from SED-fitting (SFR$_{\rm SED}$). This trend affects primarily the galaxies that show a declining SFH activity over the last 300 Myr. Both SFR indicators converge toward a consistent value, when the SFHs are averaged over a period larger than 150 Myr to derive SFR$_{\rm SED}$. Although the radio at low frequency 1.4 GHz is a good tracer of the star formation activity of galaxies with constant or increasing SFH, our results indicate that this is not the case for galaxies that are quenching. Our analysis suggests that the star formation time sensitivity of the radio low frequency could be longer than 150 Myr.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Higgs potential from extended Brans-Dicke theory and the time-evolution of the fundamental constants
Creators: name: Sola, Joan
name: Karimkhani, Elahe
name: Khodam-Mohammadi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the enormous significance of the Higgs potential in the context of the Standard Model of electroweak interactions and in Grand Unified Theories, its ultimate origin is fundamentally unknown and must be introduced by hand in accordance with the underlying gauge symmetry and the requirement of renormalizability. Here we propose a more physical motivation for the structure of the Higgs potential, which we link to gravity, and more specifically to an extended Brans-Dicke (BD) theory containing two interacting scalar fields. One of these fields is coupled to curvature as in the BD formulation, whereas the other is coupled to gravity both derivatively and non-derivatively through the curvature scalar and the Ricci tensor. By requiring that the cosmological solutions of the model are consistent with observations, we show that the effective scalar field potential adopts the Higgs potential form with a mildly time-evolving vacuum expectation value. Such residual vacuum dynamics could be responsible for the possible time variation of the fundamental constants. The approach is in part reminiscent of Bjorken's ideas on the cosmological constant problem.
description: Version accepted in Class.Quant.Grav. Extended discussion, references added
Polyurethane anion-exchangers for biochromatography
Creators: name: Koh., Thiam Seng
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Floquet topological phases with symmetry in all dimensions
Creators: name: Roy, Rahul
name: Harper, Fenner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical systems may host a number of remarkable symmetry-protected phases that are qualitatively different from their static analogs. In this work, we consider the phase space of symmetry-respecting unitary evolutions in detail and identify several distinct classes of evolution that host novel dynamical order. Using ideas from group cohomology, we construct a set of interacting Floquet drives that generate dynamical symmetry-protected topological order for each nontrivial cohomology class in every dimension, illustrating our construction with explicit two-dimensional examples. We also identify a set of symmetry-protected Floquet drives that lie outside of the group cohomology construction, and a further class of symmetry-respecting topological drives which host chiral edge modes. We use these special drives to define a notion of phase (stable to a class of local perturbations in the bulk) and the concepts of relative and absolute topological order, which can be applied to many different classes of unitary evolutions. These include fully many-body localized unitary evolutions and time crystals.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures. v2: updated references, two new figures, minor changes throughout
Assessment of Use of Insecticide Treated Mosquito Nets and Factors Affecting it in Serbo Town
Creators: name: Getachew, Sofonias
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2005

description: Background: Among malaria control measures, use of mosquito nets is the one that is getting more acceptance and is being used in large scale worldwide. Despite on going distribution and use of nets in Ethiopia, the household level situation in utilizing them is by and large unknown. Objective: Assess utilization of mosquito nets in Serbo Town and clarify socio demographic, organizational, economical, behavioral and other factors related. Method: Qualitative and quantitative methods were used. In the Quantitative part, interviewer administered questionnaire with a checklist was used for a household. Qualitative section included focus group discussion of community members and in depth interview of important stake holders. Result: Malaria was recognized as a major problem. Children were said to be more effected groups, but did not intentionally get protection. Half of the households possess at least one net. Nets however, were not always used for the intended purpose. Common malpractices were selling, use as curtain and leave the nets in package. Main reasons were economical and unfavorable health belief. Factors that were independently associated with use were: possession of a radio, being knowledgeable, getting health education, number of persons per room and number of beds. Predictors of purchasing were occupation, possession of a radio and being knowledgeable. Discussion, conclusions and recommendations: Reasons for improper use were economical, housing condition, health belief, organizational effort and possibly biological. Selection of control measures, should take into consideration local situation. Once chosen as methods of prevention, mosquito net distribution should have proper guideline and local capacities for doing so should be strengthened. Education messages should focus on the need for prioritizing young children, possible use over sleeping floors and mending holes on nets using local material. Color and design of nets should take into consideration housing condition, and the trend of using for other purposes.
Resonant probing spin-0 and spin-2 dark matter mediators with fixed target experiments
Creators: name: Voronchikhin, I. V.
name: Kirpichnikov, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the mechanism to produce electron-specific dark matter mediators of spin-0 and spin-2 in the electron fixed target experiments such as NA64 and LDMX. The secondary positrons induced by the electromagnetic shower can produce the mediators via annihilation on atomic electrons. That mechanism, for some selected kinematics, results in the enhanced sensitivity with respect to the bounds derived by the bremsstrahlunglike emission of the mediator in the specific parameter space. We derive the corresponding experimental reach of the NA64 and LDMX.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. Typos are corrected, efficiencies are added, the version is accepted for publication in PRD
Comparison of Medicare Claims-based Proxy Measures of Poor Function and Associations With Treatment Receipt and Mortality in Older Colon Cancer Patients
Creators: name: Stürmer, T.
name: Faurot, K.R.
name: Mayer, S.E.
name: Hester, L.L.
name: Tan, H.-J.
name: Jonsson Funk, M.
name: Hinton, S.P.
name: Lund, J.L.
name: Sanoff, H.K.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2019

description: Background: Multiple claims-based proxy measures of poor function have been developed to address confounding in observational studies of drug effects in older adults. We evaluated agreement between these measures and their associations with treatment receipt and mortality in a cohort of older colon cancer patients. Methods: Medicare beneficiaries age 66+ diagnosed with stage II-III colon cancer were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare database (2004-2011). Poor function was operationalized by: (1) summing the total poor function indicators for each model; and (2) estimating predicted probabilities of poor function at diagnosis. Agreement was evaluated using Fleiss' κ and Spearman's correlation. Associations between proxy measures and: (1) laparoscopic versus open surgery; (2) chemotherapy versus none; (3) 5-fluorouracil (5FU)+oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) versus 5FU monotherapy; and (4) 1-year mortality were estimated using log-binomial regression, controlling for age, sex, stage, and comorbidity. Survival estimates were stratified by functional group, age, and comorbidity. Results: Among 29,687 eligible colon cancer patients, 67% were 75+ years and 45% had stage III disease. Concordance across the poor function indicator counts was moderate (κ: 0.64) and correlation of predicted probability measures varied (ρ: 0.21-0.74). Worse function was associated with lower chemotherapy and FOLFOX receipt, and higher 1-year mortality. Within age and comorbidity strata, poor function remained associated with mortality. Conclusions: While agreement varied across the claims-based proxy measures, each demonstrated anticipated associations with treatment receipt and mortality independent of comorbidity. Claims-based comparative effectiveness studies in older populations should consider applying one of these models to improve confounding control.
From GLC to double-null coordinates and illustration with static black holes
Creators: name: Nugier, Fabien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a system of coordinates deriving directly from the so-called Geodesic Light-Cone (GLC) coordinates and made of two null scalars intersecting on a 2-dimensional sphere parameterized by two constant angles along geodesics. These coordinates are shown to be equivalent to the well-known double-null coordinates. As GLC, they present interesting properties for cosmology and astrophysics. We discuss this latter topic for static black holes, showing simple descriptions for the metric or particles and photons trajectories. We also briefly comment on the time of flight of ultra-relativistic particles.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures. Comments and references added. Paper published in JCAP
Modern Contraceptive Preference and KAP Study among Women of Reproductive Age Group (15-49) in Bahir-Dar Town and Periurban Area, North West Ethiopia, 2002
Creators: name: Yilma, Hanna
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2002

description: This is a community-based cross-sectional comparative study conducted in Bahir-Dar town and periurban area in December 2002, North west Ethiopia with the purpose of assessing determinants related to modern contraceptive preference and KAP study among women of reproductive age group. A multistage sampling procedure was carried out to interview 892 women in both study areas. A pre -tested structured questionnaire complemented with focus group discussion were the main tools for data collection. The study revealed that there is statistically significant difference between Bahir-Dar town and periurban area by: age, marital status, education, occupation, family size, monthly income, age at first marriage and birth, number of current and desired number of children. Ninety eight per cent of women in urban and ninety six percent of women in the periurban area have heard of modern contraceptives. Among respondents 10% knew at least one method and 19% knew three methods. The most popular modern contraceptive were oral pill, injectable and Norplant. More than 90% of respondents approved modern contraceptive use and 85% of women intend to use modern contraceptive in the future in both study areas. The contraceptive prevalence rate in Bahir-Dar town was 37.7%, while in the periurban area it was 16.3%. Desire for more children in periurban and being single in urban were the major reason for non use of modern contraceptive methods, while desire for more children and preferred method is not available were the major reasons for use discontinuing in both study areas. Injectable was the most commonly preferred modern contraceptive (62.9%) both in urban and periurban followed by oral pill (30.1%) and Norplant (4.0 %) . ix In multivariate analysis statistically significant associations were seen between higher knowledge and age, marital status, education, occupation and currently using methods. Attitude towards modern contraceptives in relation to age, marital status, education, and currently practicing methods was found to be statistically significant. Practicing of modern contraceptive method also showed significant association with socio demographic variables. In the analysis of preference: - age, marital status, education, occupation, and number of children showed statistically significant association with preference of oral pill and injectable, while preference of Norplant showed statistically significant association with age, marital status and number of children. Improving the quality of family planning service to satisfy clients in their method of choice and improving the service in periurban area by organizing Community Based Distribution family planning program under government health institutions are recommended.
Εμπορία από απόσταση χρηματοοικονομικών υπηρεσιών και προστασία του καταναλωτή κατά το άρθρο 4θ ν. 2251/1994
Creators: name: Λώλος, Χρήστος Αναστασίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Χρηματοοικονομικές υπηρεσίες από απόσταση
Προστασία καταναλωτή
Άρθρο 4θ ν. 2251/1994
Distance marketing of financial services
Consumer protection
Article 4h (4θ) of law 2251/1994

description: Το θέμα που πραγματεύεται η παρούσα εργασία είναι εξαιρετικά επίκαιρο, καθώς αφορά μία σύγχρονη και συνεχώς εξελισσόμενη μορφή συναλλαγών, την εμπορία χρηματοοικονομικών υπηρεσιών από απόσταση. Οι συγκεκριμένες συναλλαγές εμφανίζουν ιδιαιτερότητες, λόγω των συνθηκών σύναψης των σχετικών συμβάσεων (από απόσταση, με τη χρήση τηλεπικοινωνιακών μέσων, προεχόντως του Διαδικτύου) αλλά και του ίδιου του αντικειμένου τους, η κατανόηση του οποίου προϋποθέτει εξειδικευμένες γνώσεις και σχετική εμπειρία. Τα στοιχεία αυτά δε διαθέτει συνήθως ο καταναλωτής, σε αντίθεση με τον αντισυναλλασσόμενό του προμηθευτή, ο οποίος αποκτά έτσι σαφή γνωσιολογική και διαπραγματευτική υπεροχή απέναντί του. Ως εκ τούτου, προβάλλει επιτακτική η ανάγκη προστασίας του πρώτου έναντι του τελευταίου. Προς το σκοπό αυτό επιστρατεύονται οι κοινοτικής προέλευσης (Οδηγία 2002/65/ΕΚ) διατάξεις του άρθρου 4θ ν. 2251/1994, οι οποίες, ακριβώς, αποτελούν το αντικείμενο ανάπτυξης της παρούσας εργασίας (βλ. αναλυτικότερα ελληνική και γερμανική περίληψη στο τέλος της εργασίας)
description: The topic of this paper is extremely topical, as it concerns a modern and constantly evolving form of transaction, the distance marketing of financial services. The specific transactions are peculiar due to the conditions of concluding the relevant contracts (remotely, using telecommunications media, primarily the Internet) but also due to their subject matter, the understanding of which requires specialised knowledge and relevant experience. These elements are usually not available to the consumer in contrast to his counterparty supplier, who thus gains a clear epistemic and bargaining advantage over him. Consequently the need to protect the former against the latter becomes imperative. To this purpose the provisions of Article 4h (4θ in Greek) of Law 2251/1994 that derive from the European Community (Directive 2002/65/EC) are employed, which exactly constitute the subject of this paper (for further details see the Greek and German summaries at the end of the paper)
Growth and development of some species of cystophora (fucales, phaeophyta) and xiphophora (fucales, phaeophyta) in Victoria
Creators: name: Klemm., Megan
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
M giants with IGRINS: Chemical characterisation of the inner Milky Way
Creators: name: Nandakumar, Govind
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The inner Milky Way (IMW) is unique with an early star formation and chemical enrichment history owing to the inside out formation of the Milky Way. Strong magnetic field, dense gas and high turbulence in the IMW compared to those in the solar neighbourhood (SN), makes it an ideal test bed for studying star formation and evolution in such unique conditions and is a proxy for understanding initial stages of typical spiral galaxy formation and evolution. Meanwhile, IMW is very much unexplored owing to its large distance from Earth and the extinction in the optical wavelength regime caused by dust along the line of sight. Thus we have to rely on near infrared wavelength regime, wherein extinction is much lower. Using high resolution (R~45000 HK-band (1.4-2.4 um) IGRINS spectra and updated HK-band line lists, we carry out a detailed spectroscopic analysis of old M giants in the inner Galactic Bulge (|b|<3 degrees) and the Nuclear star cluster. We have devised a novel method to estimate reliable stellar parameters and validated it using 50 nearby M giants. These parameters have been used to determine abundances of upto 15 elements including certain neutron capture elements (Ce, Nd, Y) for the first time in the IMW. We compare the IMW abundance trends versus metallicity with those from SN stars observed with the same instrument and analysed in the same manner using same linelists to investigate the similarities/differences in IMW stars compared to those in the solar neighbourhood.
Microwave spectroscopy and theoretical models of nonrigid molecules
Creators: name: Kleibömer., Burkhard
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The three kingdoms - Photoinduced electron transfer cascades controlled by electronic couplings
Creators: name: Yang, Guangjun
name: Shillito, Georgina E.
name: Zens, Clara
name: Dietzek-Ivanšić, Benjamin
name: Kupfer, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excited states are the key species in photocatalysis, while the critical parameters that govern their applications are: i) excitation energy, ii) accessibility, and iii) lifetime. However, in molecular transition metal-based photosensitizers there is a design tension between the creation of long-lived excited (triplet), e.g., metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) states and the population of such states. Long-lived triplet states have low spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and hence their population is low. Thus, a long-lived triplet state can be populated but inefficiently. If the SOC is increased, the triplet state population efficiency is improved - coming at the cost of decreasing the lifetime. A promising strategy to isolate the triplet excited state away from the metal after intersystem crossing (ISC) involves the combination of the transition metal complex and an organic donor/acceptor group. Here we elucidate the excited-state branching processes in a series of Ru(II)-terpyridyl push-pull triads by means of quantum chemical simulations. Scalar-relativistic time-dependent density theory simulations reveal that efficient ISC takes place along 1/3MLCT-gateway states. Subsequently, competitive electron transfer pathways involving the organic chromophore, i.e., 10-methylphenothiazinyl and the terpyridyl ligands are available. The kinetics of the underlying electron transfer processes were investigated within the semi-classical Marcus picture. The electron transfer kinetics were described along efficient internal reaction coordinates that connect the respective photoredox intermediates. The key parameter that governs the population transfer away from the metal either towards the organic chromophore either by means of ligand-to-ligand (3LLCT; weakly coupled) or intra-ligand charge transfer (3ILCT; strongly coupled) states was determined to be the magnitude of the involved electronic coupling.
Breakdown of the Equivalence between Gravitational Mass and Energy for a Quantum Body: Theory and Suggested Experiments
Creators: name: Lebed, Andrei G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent theoretical results, obtained for the equivalence between gravitational mass and energy of a composite quantum body as well as for its breakdown at macroscopic and microscopic levels. In particular, we discuss that the expectation values of passive and active gravitational masses operators are equivalent to the expectation value of energy for electron stationary quantum states in a hydrogen atom. On the other hand, for superpositions of the stationary quantum states, inequivalence between the gravitational masses and energy appears at a macroscopic level. It reveals itself as time-dependent oscillations of the expectation values of passive and active gravitational masses, which can be, in principle, experimentally measured. Inequivalence between passive gravitational mass and energy at a microscopic level can be experimentally observed as unusual electromagnetic radiation, emitted by a macroscopic ensemble of the atoms. We propose the corresponding experiment, which can be done on the Earth's orbit, using small spacecraft. If such experiment is done it would be the first direct observation of quantum effects in general relativity.
description: Review: 15 pages, no figures
A succession of two viral lattices drives vaccinia virus assembly.
Creators: name: Hernandez-Gonzalez, Miguel
name: Calcraft, Thomas
name: Nans, Andrea
name: Rosenthal, Peter B
name: Way, Michael
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: Model organisms
Biochemistry & Proteomics
Imaging
Signalling & Oncogenes
Structural Biology & Biophysics
Cell Biology
Chemical Biology & High Throughput
Infectious Disease

description: During its cytoplasmic replication, vaccinia virus assembles non-infectious spherical immature virions (IVs) coated by a viral D13 lattice. Subsequently, IV mature into infectious brick-shaped intracellular mature virions (IMVs) that lack D13. Here, we performed cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) of frozen-hydrated vaccinia-infected cells to structurally characterise the maturation process in situ. During IMV formation, a new viral core forms inside IV with a wall consisting of trimeric pillars arranged in a new pseudohexagonal lattice. This lattice appears as a palisade in cross-section. As maturation occurs, which involves a 50% reduction in particle volume, the viral membrane becomes corrugated as it adapts to the newly formed viral core in a process that does not appear to require membrane removal. Our study suggests that the length of this core is determined by the D13 lattice and that the consecutive D13 and palisade lattices control virion shape and dimensions during vaccinia assembly and maturation.
Introduction to the physics of the total cross-section at LHC: A Review of Data and Models
Creators: name: Pancheri, Giulia
name: Srivastava, Yogendra N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review describes the development of the physics of hadronic cross sections up to recent LHC results and cosmic ray experiments. We present here a comprehensive review - written with a historical perspective - about total cross-sections from medium to the highest energies explored experimentally and studied through a variety of methods and theoretical models for over sixty years. We begin by recalling the analytic properties of the elastic amplitude and the theorems about the asymptotic behavior of the total cross-section. A discussion of how proton-proton cross-sections are extracted from cosmic rays at higher than accelerator energies and help the study of these asymptotic limits, is presented. This is followed by a description of the advent of particle colliders, through which high energies and unmatched experimental precisions have been attained. Thus the measured hadronic elastic and total cross-sections have become crucial instruments to probe the so called soft part of QCD physics, where quarks and gluons are confined, and have led to test and refine Regge behavior and a number of diffractive models. As the c.m. energy increases, the total cross-section also probes the transition into hard scattering describable with perturbative QCD, the so-called mini-jet region. Further tests are provided by cross-section measurements of gamma p, gamma*p and gamma* gamma* for models based on vector meson dominance, scaling limits of virtual photons at high Q^2 and the BFKL formalism. Models interpolating from virtual to real photons are also tested.
description: 173 pages, 158 figures, to be published in the European Journal of Physics C
Μελέτη αρτηριακής σκληριάς σε εφήβους αθλητές αντοχής
Creators: name: Τζαβάρας, Ιωάννης Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Έφηβοι
Αρτηριακή σκληρία
Ταχύτητα σφυγμικού κύματος
Adolescents
Arterial stiffness
Pulse wave velocity

description: Ως σκοπός της μελέτης ήταν η έρευνα και η καταγραφή των τιμών της PWV σε έφηβους άρρενες αθλητές αντοχής. Καθώς και η συγκριτική διερεύνηση της PWV μεταξύ αθλουμένων αερόβια και μη ασκούμενων καθώς και η αναζήτηση των ενδεχόμενων επιδράσεων στην Αρτηριακής σκληρίας της συστηματικής αερόβιας γύμνασης κατά την εφηβική ηλικία. Το δείγμα της έρευνας αποτελούνταν από μία ομάδα αθλητών κολύμβησης με συμμετοχή σε αγωνίσματα αντοχής και ακόμη μία καθιστικού πληθυσμού με μόνη φυσική δραστηριότητα το μάθημα της φυσικής αγωγής στο σχολείο. Από τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης διαπιστώθηκε ότι οι συμμετέχοντες της ομάδας των αθλητών κατέγραψαν πολύ χαμηλότερες τιμές σχεδόν σε όλες τις μετρούμενες παραμέτρους συγκριτικά με την ομάδα του καθιστικού πληθυσμού. Συμπεραίνεται, λοιπόν ότι οι έφηβοι κολυμβητές αντοχής εμφανίζουν μικρότερη ταχύτητα σφυγμικού κύματος στην ηρεμία συγκριτικά με τον καθιστικό πληθυσμό αντίστοιχης ηλικίας. Η συστηματική αερόβια άσκηση φαίνεται πως οδηγεί σε ευνοϊκές προσαρμογές στην αρτηριακή λειτουργία των εφήβων.
description: The purpose of the study was to research and record PWV values in adolescent male endurance athletes. As well as the comparative investigation of PWV between aerobic athletes and non-exercisers as well as the search for possible effects on arterial stiffness of systemic aerobic exercise during adolescence. The research sample consisted of a group of swimming athletes participating in endurance sports and another sedentary population with only physical activity in the physical education class at school. The results of the study showed that the participants in the group of athletes recorded much lower values in almost all measured parameters compared to the group of the sedentary population. Sedentary population of similar age. Systematic aerobic exercise appears to lead to favorable adjustments in adolescent arterial function.
Assessment of Respiratory Symptoms and Associated Factors among Solid Waste Collectors in Yeka Sub City, Addis Ababa
Creators: name: Emiru, Zerihun
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Background: Respiratory disease symptoms are a public health challenge in both industrialized and developing countries. Respiratory symptoms are more prevalent in solid waste collectors of developing countries, where occupational health and safety issues are less emphasized. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and associated factors affecting respiratory symptoms among solid waste collectors in Yeka sub city. Methods: cross sectional study was conducted among 518 study participants. Data were collected through interviewer administered structured questions derived from British Medical Research Council (BMRC) adult respiratory symptom assessment questions and observational check lists. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify predictor variables which have association with chronic respiratory symptoms and finally the variables which had significant association were identified on the basis of Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95 % Confidence Interval (CI). Results: The prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms among solid waste collectors was 40.7 %, with Prevalence of cough 35.7%, wheezing 21.2 %, phlegm 44 %, breathlessness 29.2 %, wheezing 21.2 % and chest illness 7.3%. Respiratory symptoms were associated with use of respiratory facemask on duty [AOR=2; 95% CI :( 1.1-4)], sleeping disorder [AOR=2.6; 95% CI :( 1.5-4.42)] and past illness [AOR=4.8; 95%CI :( 3.2-7.22)] Conclusion:respiratory symptoms were prevalent among solid waste collectors in Yeka sub city, Addis Ababa. Use of respiratory equipment on duty, sleeping disorder and past illness were identified factors
Exact solution of the two-axis countertwisting Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Pan, Feng
name: Zhang, Yao-Zhong
name: Draayer, Jerry P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the two-axis countertwisting Hamiltonian is exactly solvable when the quantum number of the total angular momentum of the system is an integer after the Jordan-Schwinger (differential) boson realization of the SU(2) algebra. Algebraic Bethe ansatz is used to get the exact solution with the help of the SU(1,1) algebraic structure, from which a set of Bethe ansatz equations of the problem is derived. It is shown that solutions of the Bethe ansatz equations can be obtained as zeros of the Heine-Stieltjes polynomials. The total number of the four sets of the zeros equals exactly to $2J+1$ for a given integer angular momentum quantum number $J$, which proves the completeness of the solutions. It is also shown that double degeneracy in level energies may also occur in the $J\rightarrow\infty$ limit for integer $J$ case except a unique non-degenerate level with zero excitation energy.
description: LaTex 10 pages. Version to appear in Annals of Physics