cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: A tsunami forecast model for Midway Atoll.
Creators: name: Gica, Edison
Publisher: name: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, NOAA Center for Tsunami Research
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Tsunamis--Midway Islands--Forecasting--Mathematical models

description: The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has developed a tsunami forecast model for Midway Atoll as part of an effort to provide tsunami forecasts for U.S. coastal communities. Development, validation, and stability testing of the tsunami forecast model has been conducted to ensure that it is stable and robust. The Midway Atoll tsunami forecast model employs the Method of Splitting Tsunami (MOST) numerical code and has been validated with historical and synthetically generated tsunami events. A total of 16 historical events and 42 synthetic (Mw 9.4, 7.5, and 6.2) events from different source regions were used for validation and stability testing. Results show good agreement between observed and modeled data. The Midway Atoll forecast model has been developed to simulate 4 hours of tsunami wave characteristics in approximately 16.4 minutes of CPU time.
O. Asbach, K. Malettke, S. Externbrink (Hg.), Altes Reich, Frankreich und Europa. Politische, philosophische und historische Aspekte des französischen Deutschlandbildes im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert, 2001
Creators: name: Noël, Jean-François
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 29 Nr. 2 (2002)
John Douglas 1828-1904: The uncompromising liberal
Creators: name: Hodes, J
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 440801
subject: Australian government and politics

description: Douglas was born in London in 1828 and migrated to New South Wales in 1851 where he represented both the Darling Downs and Camden districts in the New South Wales parliament before embarking on a lengthy parliamentary career in Queensland, one that culminated in the premiership from 1877 to 1879. He was subsequently appointed government resident for Thursday Island in 1885, a position he held until his death, nearly 20 years later, aged 76, in 1904. During this period he also served as special commissioner for the protectorate of British New Guinea, administering the territory prior to it being formally proclaimed a crown colony. Douglass involvement in Queensland public life was significant and encompassed the entire period from the colonys formation in 1859 to the federation of the Australian colonies in 1901. In this respect, his career allows, through a study of his long, eventful and varied life, for this thesis to examine aspects of the development and progression of Queenslands political system as a nascent yet robust, representative democracy, through most of the second half of the nineteenth century until the colonys incorporation in the newly formed Commonwealth of Australia. This thesis argues that John Douglas was an uncompromising Liberal in an age of Liberalism, a principled politician in an era of pragmatic factionalism and shifting political allegiances. Perhapsbecause of this he was more popular with his electorate than with his parliamentary colleagues. Douglass contribution to Queensland life was in large measure shaped by his character and the formative influences on it. This included his aristocratic upbringing, his public school and university education, his abiding religious faith, a profound sense of fair play, and a desire to participate fully and selflessly in the life of the community he lived in, despite the vicissitudes of his personal life. As this thesis further demonstrates, an examination of Douglass life affords us an insight into an energetic, accomplished, erudite, and compassionate man. Yet while his intellectual curiosity, thirst for knowledge and wide-ranging interests marked him as a Renaissance man, he also had many failings, most noticeably that of extreme obstinacy. Therefore, this thesis will analyse Douglass convictions and beliefs while examining the strengths and flaws inherent in his character. It is because Douglas lived a life characterised by complexity and contradiction, leavened by a mixture of accomplishment and failure, that his life, and the times he lived in, are worthy of examination.
La lettre clandestine, no 5 (1996). Avec les Actes de la Journée de Créteil du 12 avril 1996: Tendances actuelles de la recherche sur les clandestins à l'Age classique, 1997
Creators: name: Häseler, Jens
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 29 Nr. 2 (2002)
Optimality of the coordinate-wise median mechanism for strategyproof facility location in two dimensions
Creators: name: Goel, Sumit
name: Hann-Caruthers, Wade
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the facility location problem in two dimensions. In particular, we consider a setting where agents have Euclidean preferences, defined by their ideal points, for a facility to be located in $\mathbb{R}^2$. We show that for the $p-norm$ ($p \geq 1$) objective, the coordinate-wise median mechanism (CM) has the lowest worst-case approximation ratio in the class of deterministic, anonymous, and strategyproof mechanisms. For the minisum objective and an odd number of agents $n$, we show that CM has a worst-case approximation ratio (AR) of $\sqrt{2}\frac{\sqrt{n^2+1}}{n+1}$. For the $p-norm$ social cost objective ($p\geq 2$), we find that the AR for CM is bounded above by $2^{\frac{3}{2}-\frac{2}{p}}$. We conjecture that the AR of CM actually equals the lower bound $2^{1-\frac{1}{p}}$ (as is the case for $p=2$ and $p=\infty$) for any $p\geq 2$.
description: 25 pages, SAGT 2022
Bias-Hardened CMB Lensing
Creators: name: Namikawa, Toshiya
name: Hanson, Duncan
name: Takahashi, Ryuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new methods for lensing reconstruction from CMB temperature fluctuations which have smaller mean-field and reconstruction noise bias corrections than current lensing estimators, with minimal loss of signal-to-noise. These biases are usually corrected using Monte Carlo simulations, and to the extent that these simulations do not perfectly mimic the underlying sky there are uncertainties in the bias corrections. The bias-hardened estimators which we present can have reduced sensitivity to such uncertainties, and provide a desirable cross-check on standard results. To test our approach, we also show the results of lensing reconstruction from simulated temperature maps given on 100 deg^2, and confirm that our approach works well to reduce biases for a typical masked map in which 70 square masks each having 10 arcminute on a side exist, covering 2% of the simulated map, which is similar to the masks used in the current SPT lensing analysis.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures; replaced to match the published version in MNRAS
Investigating the nuclear Schiff moment of $^{207}$Pb in ferroelectric PbTiO$_3$
Creators: name: Ludlow, J. A.
name: Sushkov, O. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A positive experimental measurement of the nuclear Schiff moment would have important implications for physics beyond the standard model. To aid in the interpretation of a proposed experiment to measure the nuclear Schiff moment of $^{207}$Pb in the ferroelectric PbTiO$_3$, three-dimensional Hartree-Fock calculations have been performed to model the local electronic structure in the vicinity of the Pb nucleus. The energy shift due to the Schiff moment is found to be a factor of 2 smaller in comparison to existing estimates.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
J. Bernet, J.-M. Vasseur (Éds.), Journal d'un maître d'école d'Ile-de-France (1771-1792). Silly-en-Multien, de l'ancien régime à la révolution. Présentation et notes par J. Bernet avec le concours de J.-M. Vasseur. Préface de J.-P. Jessenne, 2000
Creators: name: Müller, Michael
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 29 Nr. 2 (2002)
Presheaves of superselection structures in curved spacetimes
Creators: name: Vasselli, Ezio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that superselection structures on curved spacetimes, that are expected to describe quantum charges affected by the underlying geometry, are categories of sections of presheaves of symmetric tensor categories. When an embedding functor is given, the superselection structure is a Tannaka-type dual of a locally constant group bundle, which hence becomes a natural candidate for the role of gauge group. Indeed, we show that any locally constant group bundle (with suitable structure group) acts on a net of C*-algebras fulfilling normal commutation relations on an arbitrary spacetime. We also give examples of gerbes of C*-algebras, defined by Wightman fields and constructed using projective representations of the fundamental group of the spacetime, that we propose as solutions for the problem that existence and uniqueness of the embedding functor are not guaranteed.
description: Accepted for publication on CMP. Previously titled "Quantum fields in curved spacetimes and presheaves of superselection structures". Discussions on the Aharonov-Bohm effect and current algebras \`a la Buchholz-Mach-Todorov have been added
La Révolution française: la guerre et la frontière. Actes des congrès nationaux des sociétés savantes de la section d'Histoire moderne et contemporaine (119e Amiens, 121e Nice), sous la direction de M. Cubells, 2000
Creators: name: Stein, Wolfgang H.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 29 Nr. 2 (2002)
Analysis of neural networks as a means of developing optimal reservoir operating policies
Creators: name: Goodier, CC
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400513
subject: Water resources engineering
classificationCode: 410503
subject: Groundwater quality processes and contaminated land assessment
classificationCode: 410504
subject: Surface water quality processes and contaminated sediment assessment
classificationCode: 460203
subject: Evolutionary computation
classificationCode: 460204
subject: Fuzzy computation

description: Project investigates a neural network approach to reservoir operations.. The techniques traditionally used to generate optimal or near optimal operating policies for reservoirs fall into two general categories, optimisation and simulation. These techniques have, to date, been unable to satisfactorily address the complete range of issues which must be considered in the development of optimal reservoir operating policies. Neural networks appear to have the potential to address some of the problems associated with the use of optimisation and simulation to define the wide range of issues involved in optimal decision for operations of reservoirs. A neural network approach to reservoir operations is investigated in this thesis. In particular, the sensitivity of the performance of the neural network to variations in the key parameters of; normalisation method, number of training patterns, number of hidden neurons, learning rate, momentum coefficient, number of training iterations, and starting connection weights is examined. The approach utilises historical patterns of inflow, storage, and demand for a reservoir to predict the quantity of water to be released from the reservoir. Based on the analysis in this study, it was determined that relatively few rules exist for selection of the values of the parameters of the neural network. In general, where rules do exist, they tend to be in the form of guidelines or principles rather than explicit rules. Despite this lack of explicit rules, the neural network used in this study was able to perform reasonably well in predicting the quantity of water to be released. Overall, the concept of neural networks appear to have considerable potential to provide an alternative method for use in optimising reservoir performance, compared to the more conventional methods of optimisation or simulation.
F. Loirette, L'État et la Région: L'Aquitaine au XVIIIe siècle, Centralisation monarchique, politique régionale et tensions sociales. Préface d'A.-M. Cocula et C. Jouhaud, 1998
Creators: name: Dinges, Martin
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 29 Nr. 2 (2002)
Learning Locality-Constrained Collaborative Representation for Face Recognition
Creators: name: Peng, Xi
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Yi, Zhang
name: Tan, Kok Kiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The model of low-dimensional manifold and sparse representation are two well-known concise models that suggest each data can be described by a few characteristics. Manifold learning is usually investigated for dimension reduction by preserving some expected local geometric structures from the original space to a low-dimensional one. The structures are generally determined by using pairwise distance, e.g., Euclidean distance. Alternatively, sparse representation denotes a data point as a linear combination of the points from the same subspace. In practical applications, however, the nearby points in terms of pairwise distance may not belong to the same subspace, and vice versa. Consequently, it is interesting and important to explore how to get a better representation by integrating these two models together. To this end, this paper proposes a novel coding algorithm, called Locality-Constrained Collaborative Representation (LCCR), which improves the robustness and discrimination of data representation by introducing a kind of local consistency. The locality term derives from a biologic observation that the similar inputs have similar code. The objective function of LCCR has an analytical solution, and it does not involve local minima. The empirical studies based on four public facial databases, ORL, AR, Extended Yale B, and Multiple PIE, show that LCCR is promising in recognizing human faces from frontal views with varying expression and illumination, as well as various corruptions and occlusions.
description: 16 pages, v2
Towards simulating a realistic data analysis with an optimised angular power spectrum of spectroscopic galaxy surveys
Creators: name: Faggioli, Guglielmo
name: Tanidis, Konstantinos
name: Camera, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The angular power spectrum is a natural tool to analyse the observed galaxy number count fluctuations. In a standard analysis, the angular galaxy distribution is sliced into concentric redshift bins and all correlations of its harmonic coefficients between bin pairs are considered---a procedure referred to as `tomography'. However, the unparalleled quality of data from oncoming spectroscopic galaxy surveys for cosmology will render this method computationally unfeasible, given the increasing number of bins. Here, we put to test against synthetic data a novel method proposed in a previous study to save computational time. According to this method, the whole galaxy redshift distribution is subdivided into thick bins, neglecting the cross-bin correlations among them; each of the thick bin is, however, further subdivided into thinner bins, considering in this case all the cross-bin correlations. We create a simulated data set that we then analyse in a Bayesian framework. We confirm that the newly proposed method saves computational time and gives results that surpass those of the standard approach.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. To appear on Experimental Results (Cambridge University Press)
A 57Fe Mössbauer Study Of Local Structure And Spin Arrangements In Antiferromagnetic NaFeAs
Creators: name: Presniakov, Igor
name: Morozov, Igor
name: Sobolev, Alexey
name: Roslova, Mariya
name: Boltalin, Alexander
name: Son, Vladimir
name: Volkova, Olga
name: Vasiliev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements on superconducting NaFeAs powder crystals have been performed. The 57Fe spectra recorded in the paramagnetic temperature range (T > TN \approx 46 +/- 2 K) were discussed supposing Fe2+ ions are located in distorted tetrahedral (FeAs4) polyhedra. Our results reveal that the structural transition (TS \approx 55 K) has a weak effect on the electronic structure of iron atoms while the development of the antiferromagnetic order (T =< TN) induces a redistribution of the charge at 57Fe nuclei. In the low-temperature range, the spectra show a diffuse resonance absorption structure which evidences for the existence of a continuous distribution of hyperfine fields HFe at 57Fe nuclei. The shape of these spectra can be related to the formation of a microdomain structure or phase separation. Analysis of the resulting distributions p(HFe) has shown that the Mössbauer spectra give consistent and physically reasonable 57Fe hyperfine parameters over the whole temperature range.
description: This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to conflict of interests
Lectures on renormalization and asymptotic safety
Creators: name: Nagy, Sandor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A short introduction is given on the functional renormalization group method, putting emphasis on its nonperturbative aspects. The method enables to find nontrivial fixed points in quantum field theoretic models which make them free from divergences and leads to the concept of asymptotic safety. It can be considered as a generalization of the asymptotic freedom which plays a key role in the perturbative renormalization. We summarize and give a short discussion of some important models, which are asymptotically safe such as the Gross-Neveu model, the nonlinear $σ$ model, the sine-Gordon model, and we consider the model of quantum Einstein gravity which seems to show asymptotic safety, too. We also give a detailed analysis of infrared behavior of such scalar models where a spontaneous symmetry breaking takes place. The deep infrared behaviorof the broken phase cannot be treated within the framework of perturbative calculations. We demonstrate that there exists an infrared fixed point in the broken phase whichcreates a new scaling regime there, however its structure is hidden by the singularity of the renormalization group equations. The theory spaces of these models show several similar properties, namely the models have the same phase and fixed point structure. The quantum Einstein gravity also exhibits similarities when considering the global aspects of its theory space since the appearing two phases there show analogies with the symmetric and the broken phases of the scalar models. These results be nicely uncovered by the functional renormalization group method.
description: 34 pages, 21 figures. Based on the talk presented at the Theoretical Physics School on Quantum Gravity, Szeged, Hungary, 27-31 August 2012. Final version, to appear in Annals of Physics
On Topologically Massive Spin-2 Gauge Theories beyond Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Bergshoeff, Eric A.
name: Kovacevic, Marija
name: Rosseel, Jan
name: Yin, Yihao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate in which sense, at the linearized level, one can extend the 3D topologically massive gravity theory beyond three dimensions. We show that, for each k=1,2,3... a free topologically massive gauge theory in 4k-1 dimensions can be defined describing a massive "spin-2" particle provided one uses a non-standard representation of the massive "spin-2" state which makes use of a two-column Young tableau where each column is of height 2k-1. We work out the case of k=2, i.e. 7D, and show, by canonical analysis, that the model describes, unitarily, 35 massive "spin-2" degrees of freedom. The issue of interactions is discussed and compared with the three-dimensional situation.
description: 14 pages. v2: minor changes - published version
Reversible Engineering of Topological Insulator Surface State Conductivity through Optical Excitation
Creators: name: Xie, Faji
name: Lian, Zhen
name: Zhang, Shuai
name: Wang, Tianmeng
name: Miao, Shengnan
name: Song, Zhiyong
name: Ying, Zhe
name: Pan, Xing-Chen
name: Long, Mingsheng
name: Zhang, Minhao
name: Fei, Fucong
name: Hu, Weida
name: Yu, Geliang
name: Song, Fengqi
name: Kang, Ting-Ting
name: Shi, Su-Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the broadband response, limited optical absorption at a particular wavelength hinders the development of optoelectronics based on Dirac fermions. Heterostructures of graphene and various semiconductors have been explored for this purpose, while non-ideal interfaces often limit the performance. The topological insulator is a natural hybrid system, with the surface states hosting high-mobility Dirac fermions and the small-bandgap semiconducting bulk state strongly absorbing light. In this work, we show a large photocurrent response from a field effect transistor device based on intrinsic topological insulator Sn-Bi1.1Sb0.9Te2S. The photocurrent response is non-volatile and sensitively depends on the initial Fermi energy of the surface state, and it can be erased by controlling the gate voltage. Our observations can be explained with a remote photo-doping mechanism, in which the light excites the defects in the bulk and frees the localized carriers to the surface state. This photodoping modulates the surface state conductivity without compromising the mobility, and it also significantly modify the quantum Hall effect of the surface state. Our work thus illustrates a route to reversibly manipulate the surface states through optical excitation, shedding light into utilizing topological surface states for quantum optoelectronics.
Two-Particle Circular Billiards Versus Randomly Perturbed One-Particle Circular Billiards
Creators: name: Ranković, Sandra
name: Porter, Mason A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a two-particle circular billiard containing two finite-size circular particles that collide elastically with the billiard boundary and with each other. Such a two-particle circular billiard provides a clean example of an "intermittent" system. This billiard system behaves chaotically, but the time scale on which chaos manifests can become arbitrarily long as the sizes of the confined particles become smaller. The finite-time dynamics of this system depends on the relative frequencies of (chaotic) particle-particle collisions versus (integrable) particle-boundary collisions, and investigating these dynamics is computationally intensive because of the long time scales involved. To help improve understanding of such two-particle dynamics, we compare the results of diagnostics used to measure chaotic dynamics for a two-particle circular billiard with those computed for two types of one-particle circular billiards in which a confined particle undergoes random perturbations. Importantly, such one-particle approximations are much less computationally demanding than the original two-particle system, and we expect them to yield reasonable estimates of the extent of chaotic behavior in the two-particle system when the sizes of confined particles are small. Our computations of recurrence-rate coefficients, finite-time Lyapunov exponents, and autocorrelation coefficients support this hypothesis and suggest that studying randomly perturbed one-particle billiards has the potential to yield insights into the aggregate properties of two-particle billiards, which are difficult to investigate directly without enormous computation times (especially when the sizes of the confined particles are small).
description: 9 pages, 7 figures (some with multiple parts); published in Chaos
Riemannian Stochastic Variance-Reduced Cubic Regularized Newton Method for Submanifold Optimization
Creators: name: Zhang, Dewei
name: Tajbakhsh, Sam Davanloo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a stochastic variance-reduced cubic regularized Newton algorithm to optimize the finite-sum problem over a Riemannian submanifold of the Euclidean space. The proposed algorithm requires a full gradient and Hessian update at the beginning of each epoch while it performs stochastic variance-reduced updates in the iterations within each epoch. The iteration complexity of $O(ε^{-3/2})$ to obtain an $(ε,\sqrtε)$-second-order stationary point, i.e., a point with the Riemannian gradient norm upper bounded by $ε$ and minimum eigenvalue of Riemannian Hessian lower bounded by $-\sqrtε$, is established when the manifold is embedded in the Euclidean space. Furthermore, the paper proposes a computationally more appealing modification of the algorithm which only requires an inexact solution of the cubic regularized Newton subproblem with the same iteration complexity. The proposed algorithm is evaluated and compared with three other Riemannian second-order methods over two numerical studies on estimating the inverse scale matrix of the multivariate t-distribution on the manifold of symmetric positive definite matrices and estimating the parameter of a linear classifier on the Sphere manifold.
Große spanische Meister in Stockholm
Creators: name: Soehner, Halldor
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2019

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 13 Nr. 3 (1960): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Repeated mergers of black hole binaries: implications for GW190521
Creators: name: Anagnostou, Oliver
name: Trenti, Michele
name: Melatos, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational wave event GW190521 involves the merger of two black holes of $\sim 85\text{M}_\odot$ and $\sim 66\text{M}_\odot$ forming an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) of mass $\sim 142\text{M}_\odot$. Both progenitors are challenging to explain within standard stellar evolution as they are within the upper black-hole mass gap. We propose a dynamical formation pathway for this IMBH based on multiple mergers in the core of a globular cluster. We identify such scenarios from analysis of a set of 58 N-body simulations using \texttt{NBODY6-gpu}. In one of our simulations, we observe a stellar black hole undergoing a chain of seven binary mergers within 6 Gyr, attaining a final mass of $97.8\text{M}_\odot$. We discuss the dynamical interactions that lead to the final IMBH product, as well as the evolution of the black hole population in that simulation. We explore statistically the effects of gravitational recoil on the viability of such hierarchical mergers. From the analysis of all 58 simulations we observe additional smaller chains, tentatively inferring that an IMBH formation through hierarchical mergers is expected in the lifetime of a median mass globular cluster with probability $0.01 \lesssim p \lesssim 0.1$ without gravitational merger recoil. Using this order-of-magnitude estimate we show our results are broadly consistent with the rate implied by GW190521, assuming that gravitational recoil ejection of progenitors has a low probability. We discuss implications for future gravitational wave detections, emphasising the importance of studying such formation pathways for BHs within the upper mass gap as a means to constrain such modelling.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, Published in The Astrophysical Journal (url = https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac9d95)
A General Systems Theory for Rain Formation in Warm Clouds
Creators: name: Selvam, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cumulus cloud model which can explain the observed characteristics of warm rain formation in monsoon clouds is presented. The model is based on classical statistical physical concepts and satisfies the principle of maximum entropy production. Atmospheric flows exhibit selfsimilar fractal fluctuations that are ubiquitous to all dynamical systems in nature, such as physical, chemical, social, etc and are characterized by inverse power law form for power (eddy energy) spectrum signifying long-range space-time correlations. A general systems theory model for atmospheric flows developed by the author is based on the concept that the large eddy energy is the integrated mean of enclosed turbulent (small scale) eddies. This model gives scale-free universal governing equations for cloud growth processes. The model predicted cloud parameters are in agreement with reported observations, in particular, the cloud dropsize distribution. Rain formation can occur in warm clouds within 30minutes lifetime under favourable conditions of moisture supply in the environment.
description: 39 pages, 14 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1005.1336, arXiv:1105.0172, arXiv:0908.2321, arXiv:1111.3132, arXiv:1002.3230, arXiv:0704.2114
Convergent series of integers with missing digits
Creators: name: Nathanson, Melvyn B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A63, 11B05, 11B75, 11K16

description: A classical theorem of Kempner states that the sum of the reciprocals of positive integers with missing decimal digits converges. This result is extended to much larger families of "missing digits" sets of positive integers with convergent harmonic series.
description: Minor changes, 8 pages
Narr, K.; Schulz-Weidner, W.; Fürer-Heimerdorff, C. von, und andere: Abriß der Vorgeschichte
Creators: name: Jacob-Friesen, Karl Hermann
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Narr, K.; Schulz-Weidner, W.; Fürer-Heimerdorff, C. von, und andere: Abriß der Vorgeschichte. München (R. Ol- denbourg Verlag) 1957. 276 S. und 22 Kart. Hbl.
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 26 (1957): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Hydrodynamics at large baryon densities: Understanding proton vs. anti-proton v_2 and other puzzles
Creators: name: Steinheimer, J.
name: Koch, V.
name: Bleicher, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the importance of the initial state, baryon stopping and baryon number transport for the dynamical evolution of a strongly interacting system produced in heavy ion collisions. We employ a hybrid model, which combines the fluid dynamical evolution of the fireball with a transport treatment for the initial state and the final hadronic phase. We present results for collisions at beam energies from sqrt{s_{NN}}=7.7 to 200 GeV. We study various observables such as the centrality dependent freeze out parameters, the non-monotonic behavior of effective slope parameter parameter with particle mass as well as the apparent difference in particle and anti-particle elliptic flow. Our results are in reasonable agreement with the available data. We find that the propagation of the baryon-number current in the hydrodynamic evolution as well as the transport treatment of the hadronic phase are essential for reproducing the experimental data.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures. Version accepted by PRC
Heavy Quark Potential from Gauge/Gravity Duality: A Large D Analysis
Creators: name: Vyas, Vikram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The heavy-quark potential is calculated in the framework of gauge/gravity duality using the large-D approximation, where D is the number of dimensions transverse to the flux tube connecting a quark and an antiquark in a flat D+2-dimensional spacetime. We find that in the large-D limit the leading correction to the ground-state energy, as given by an effective Nambu-Goto string, arises not from the heavy modes but from the behavior of the massless modes in the vicinity of the quark and the antiquark. We estimate this correction and find that it should be visible in the near-future lattice QCD calculations of the heavy-quark potential.
description: 22 pages, 5 Figures. v2: references added, typos corrected and, Sec. 4 rewritten with an expanded non-perturbative discussion of the corrections to the Arvis potential arising from the massless modes near the boundary of the qcd string
Molecular dynamics description of an expanding $q$/$\bar{q}$ plasma with the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model and applications to heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC energies
Creators: name: Marty, Rudy
name: Aichelin, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a relativistic molecular dynamics approach based on the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio Lagrangian. We derive the relativistic time evolution equations for an expanding plasma, discuss the hadronization cross section and how they act in such a scenario. We present in detail how one can transform the time evolution equation to a simulation program and apply this program to study the expansion of a plasma created in experiments at RHIC and LHC. We present first results on the centrality dependence of $v_2$ and of the transverse momentum spectra of pions and kaons and discuss in detail the hadronisation mechanism.
description: 25 pages, 28 figures
Compatibility between Satake and Bernstein-type isomorphisms in characteristic p
Creators: name: Ollivier, Rachel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C08, 22E50

description: We study the center of the pro-p Iwahori-Hecke ring H of a connected split p-adic reductive group G. For k an algebraically closed field with characteristic p, we prove that the center of the k-algebra H_k:= H\otimes_Z k contains an affine semigroup algebra which is naturally isomorphic to the Hecke algebra attached to any irreducible smooth k-representation of a given hyperspecial maximal compact subgroup of G. This isomorphism is obtained using the inverse Satake isomorphism constructed in arXiv:1207.5557. We apply this to classify the simple supersingular H_k-modules, study the supersingular block in the category of finite length H_k-modules, and relate the latter to supersingular representations of G.
description: The new version contains the classification of the simple supersingular Hecke modules in the case of a general split group
On the energy budget of the transition of a neutron star into the third family branch
Creators: name: Alvarez-Castillo, David E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition of a compact star into the third family for an equation of state (EoS) featuring mass twins is considered. The energy released at a baryon number conserving transition for static compact stars configurations is computed for two sets of models for comparison. The EoS of choice is the density dependent functional DD2 EoS with excluded model correction for hadronic matter which suffers a phase transition into deconfined quark matter described by a constant speed of sound approach. The two sets of EoS models feature different compact star mass onsets that maximize the energy and radius difference at the transition while simultaneously fulfilling state-of-the-art constraints from multi-messenger astronomy and empirical nuclear data. It is found that the maximal energy budget at the transitions falls in the range of $10^{49}$ - $10^{52}$ ergs.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures. Typos corrected, Figures 3 and 4 updated
Bound States of Defects in Superconducting LiFeAs Studied by Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Grothe, S.
name: Chi, Shun
name: Dosanjh, P.
name: Liang, Ruixing
name: Hardy, W. N.
name: Burke, S. A.
name: Bonn, D. A.
name: Pennec, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Defects in LiFeAs are studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS). Topographic images of the five predominant defects allow the identification of their position within the lattice. The most commonly observed defect is associated with an Fe site and does not break the local lattice symmetry, exhibiting a bound state near the edge of the smaller gap in this multi-gap superconductor. Three other common defects, including one also on an Fe site, are observed to break local lattice symmetry and are pair-breaking indicated by clear in-gap bound states, in addition to states near the smaller gap edge. STS maps reveal complex, extended real-space bound state patterns, including one with a chiral distribution of the local density of states (LDOS). The multiple bound state resonances observed within the gaps and at the inner gap edge are consistent with theoretical predictions for s$^{\pm}$ gap symmetry proposed for LiFeAs and other iron pnictides.
Geometric frustration on the trillium lattice in a magnetic metal-organic framework
Creators: name: Bulled, Johnathan M.
name: Paddison, Joseph A. M.
name: Wildes, Andrew
name: Lhotel, Elsa
name: Cassidy, Simon J.
name: Pato-Doldan, Breogan
name: Gomez-Aguirre, L. Claudia
name: Saines, Paul J.
name: Goodwin, Andrew L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the dense metal-organic framework Na[Mn(HCOO)$_3$], Mn$^{2+}$ ions ($S=\frac{5}{2}$) occupy the nodes of a `trillium' hyperkagome net. We show that this material exhibits a variety of behaviour characteristic of geometric frustration: the Néel transition is suppressed well below the characteristic magnetic interaction strength; short-range magnetic order persists far above the Néel temperature; and the magnetic susceptibility exhibits a pseudo-plateau at $\frac{1}{3}$-saturation magnetisation. We demonstrate that a simple nearest-neighbour Heisenberg antiferromagnet model accounts quantitatively for each observation, and hence Na[Mn(HCOO)$_3$] is the first experimental realisation of this model on the trillium net. We develop a mapping between this trillium model and that on the two-dimensional Shastry-Sutherland lattice, and demonstrate how both link geometric frustration within the classical spin liquid regime to a strong magnetocaloric response at low fields.
Anerkennung von Solidarischen Landwirtschaften als landwirtschaftliche Betriebe: Eine Analyse der rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen und aktuellen Herausforderungen
Creators: name: Fassbinder, Florian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: agriculture
CSA
mixed method
landwirtschaftlicher Betrieb
Solawi
Solidarische Landwirtschaft
Community Supported Agriculture
rechtliche Anerkennung

description: Die Bachelorarbeit analysiert die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen und Herausforderungen bei der Anerkennung von Solidarischen Landwirtschaften (Solawis) als landwirtschaftliche Betriebe in Deutschland. Da gesetzliche Privilegien wie Baurechte, steuerliche Vorteile oder Zugang zu Fördermitteln an die formale Anerkennung als landwirtschaftlicher Betrieb geknüpft sind, führt die bislang unklare Rechtslage bei Solawis häufig zu Unsicherheiten und Benachteiligungen.

Die Arbeit legt eine empirische Datengrundlage für künftige Forschung und politische Entscheidungsprozesse vor. Durch einen Mixed-Methods-Ansatz werden sowohl quantitative Daten über die Verbreitung und Anerkennungspraxis von Solawis erhoben als auch qualitative Fallanalysen durchgeführt. Letztere beruhen auf Originaldokumenten aus behördlichen Anerkennungsverfahren (z. B. Anträge, Bescheide, Widersprüche), wodurch der tatsächliche Ablauf und die Argumentationslinien in den Entscheidungsprozessen nachvollzogen werden konnten.

Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass insbesondere das Baurecht, Fragen der Gewinnerzielungsabsicht sowie die gewählte Rechtsform entscheidende Hürden darstellen. Regionale Unterschiede und behördliches Unverständnis gegenüber dem Solawi-Konzept verschärfen diese Problematik zusätzlich.

Die Arbeit formuliert konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen für Behörden und Politik: Sie betont die Notwendigkeit klarer, bundesweit einheitlicher Kriterien und eines verstärkten Dialogs mit Solawis, um eine rechtssichere Anerkennungspraxis zu ermöglichen.
Sprockhoff, Ernst: Das bronzene Zierband von Kronshagen bei Kiel
Creators: name: Jacob-Friesen, Karl Hermann
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Sprockhoff, Ernst: Das bronzene Zierband von Kronshagen bei Kiel. Eine Ornamentstudie zur Vorgeschichte der Vogelsonnenbarke. Band 14 der Berichte und Mitteilungen „Offa". Neumünster (Karl Wachholtz Verlag) 1957. 120 Seiten mit 60 Abb. und 6 Taf.
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 27 (1958): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Entanglement enhancement in spatially inhomogeneous many-body systems
Creators: name: Bruenner, Tobias
name: Runge, Erich
name: Buchleitner, Andreas
name: Franca, Vivian V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of spatial inhomogeneities on the entanglement of modes of strongly correlated systems in the framework of small Fermi-Hubbard chains. We find regimes where entanglement is strongly enhanced by the presence of inhomogeneities. This contrasts recent reports of entanglement destruction due to inhomogeneities. We further study this phenomenon using concepts of Density Functional Theory and, thus, provide a general recipe for the prediction of entanglement enhancement in nanostructures. We find enhancement of up to ~24%, as compared to impurity-free chains.
description: Accepted by Phys. Rev. A
Baer, Albert: Die Michelsberger Kultur in der Schweiz
Creators: name: Niquet, Franz
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Baer, Albert: Die Michelsberger Kultur in der Schweiz, Basel 1959. Monographie zur Ur- und Frühgeschichte der Schweiz, Band XII, Birkhäuser Verlag Basel, 40, 207 S., 9 Taf.
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 30 (1961): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Twin Neural Network Regression
Creators: name: Wetzel, Sebastian J.
name: Ryczko, Kevin
name: Melko, Roger G.
name: Tamblyn, Isaac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce twin neural network (TNN) regression. This method predicts differences between the target values of two different data points rather than the targets themselves. The solution of a traditional regression problem is then obtained by averaging over an ensemble of all predicted differences between the targets of an unseen data point and all training data points. Whereas ensembles are normally costly to produce, TNN regression intrinsically creates an ensemble of predictions of twice the size of the training set while only training a single neural network. Since ensembles have been shown to be more accurate than single models this property naturally transfers to TNN regression. We show that TNNs are able to compete or yield more accurate predictions for different data sets, compared to other state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, TNN regression is constrained by self-consistency conditions. We find that the violation of these conditions provides an estimate for the prediction uncertainty.
Reto Marti, Werner Meyer,Jakob Obrecht, Der Altenberg bei Füllinsdorf – Eine Adelsburg des 11. Jahrhunderts
Creators: name: Blaich, Markus C.
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Reto Marti, Werner Meyer,Jakob Obrecht, Der Altenberg bei Füllinsdorf – Eine Adelsburg des 11. Jahrhunderts. Mit Beiträgen von Erwin Baumgartner, Andreas Burkhardt, Guido Faccani, Hans-Ulrich Geiger, Elisabeth Marti- Grädel, Dobromila-Maria Janke und Willem B. Stern. Schriften der Archäologie Baselland 50. Schwabe-Verlag, Basel 2013. 435 Seiten, über 485 hauptsächlich farbige Abbildungen, Graphiken und Tabellen. ISBN 978-3-7965-3203-0.
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 83 (2014): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Sidon sets for linear forms
Creators: name: Nathanson, Melvyn B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B13, 11B34, 11B75, 11P99

description: Let $φ(x_1,\ldots, x_h) = c_1 x_1 + \cdots + c_h x_h $ be a linear form with coefficients in a field $\mathbf{F}$, and let $V$ be a vector space over $\mathbf{F}$. A nonempty subset $A$ of $V$ is a $φ$-Sidon set if, for all $h$-tuples $(a_1,\ldots, a_h) \in A^h$ and $ (a'_1,\ldots, a'_h) \in A^h$, the relation $φ(a_1,\ldots, a_h) = φ(a'_1,\ldots, a'_h)$ implies $(a_1,\ldots, a_h) = (a'_1,\ldots, a'_h)$. There exist infinite Sidon sets for the linear form $φ$ if and only if the set of coefficients of $φ$ has distinct subset sums. In a normed vector space with $φ$-Sidon sets, every infinite sequence of vectors is asymptotic to a $φ$-Sidon set of vectors. Results on $p$-adic perturbations of $φ$-Sidon sets of integers and bounds on the growth of $φ$-Sidon sets of integers are also obtained.
description: Minor changes and improvements; 16 pages