cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Assessing Ethical Issues in Biomedical Research Using Artificial Intelligence: Developing Tools
Creators: name: Sokolchik, V.N.
name: Razuvanau, A.I.
name: Chakhovich, N.I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ethical Issues
Biomedical Research
Artificial Intelligence

description: Background: The use of Artificial Intelligence (hereinafter referred to as AI) is now at the core of almost every activity. The methodological problem of studying AI ethics is the lack of reflection on the identification of basic principles of AI ethics, the designation of which would create a foundation on the basis of which mechanisms of ethical reflection, learning of both humans and AI are developed. Methods: The study was conducted in January-February 2023 by means of a questionnaire survey of 105 participants involved in scientific research in the field of biomedicine, members of ethics committees. Statistical processing of the results of the study was conducted using standard statistical analysis programs.Discussion: In most cases, research participants understand what artificial intelligence is and are familiar with the term. Respondents are willing to use artificial intelligence in their daily practice and expect it to significantly reduce time resources and increase the efficiency of their work. The most worrying issue among respondents was responsibility for results (human/artificial intelligence) (Figure 1). Respondents identified principles related in one way or another to safety and harmlessness to humans as the main ethical principles on which artificial intelligence should be evaluated and developed (Figure 2). Conclusions: The pilot study revealed some problematic points in the understanding of AI. It demonstrated the relevance of work in this area and served as a starting point for further work.
Sozzino Benzi, Basilio Sabzio e la corruttibilità del cielo. La controversia cosmologica in una lettera al cardinale Benedetto Accolti
Creators: name: Liboni, Gionata
Publisher: name: Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, Università di Ferrara
Year: 2019

description: I castelli di Yale online, Numeri a stampa 1996-2012
On globally non-trivial almost-commutative manifolds
Creators: name: Boeijink, Jord
name: Dungen, Koen van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58B34, 70S15

description: Within the framework of Connes' noncommutative geometry, we define and study globally non-trivial (or topologically non-trivial) almost-commutative manifolds. In particular, we focus on those almost-commutative manifolds that lead to a description of a (classical) gauge theory on the underlying base manifold. Such an almost-commutative manifold is described in terms of a 'principal module', which we build from a principal fibre bundle and a finite spectral triple. We also define the purely algebraic notion of 'gauge modules', and show that this yields a proper subclass of the principal modules. We describe how a principal module leads to the description of a gauge theory, and we provide two basic yet illustrative examples.
description: 34 pages, minor revisions
Second Yamabe Constant on Riemannian Products
Creators: name: Henry, Guillermo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: Let (Mm,g) be a closed Riemannian manifold (m≥2) of positive scalar curvature and (Nn,h) any closed manifold. We study the asymptotic behaviour of the second Yamabe constant and the second N−Yamabe constant of (M×N,g+th) as t goes to +∞. We obtain that $\lim_{t \to +\infty}Y^2(M\times N,[g+th])=2^{\frac{2}{m+n}}Y(M\times \re^n, [g+g_e]).$ If n≥2, we show the existence of nodal solutions of the Yamabe equation on (M×N,g+th) (provided t large enough). When the scalar curvature of (M,g) is constant, we prove that $\lim_{t \to +\infty}Y^2_N(M\times N,g+th)=2^{\frac{2}{m+n}}Y_{\re^n}(M\times \re^n, g+g_e)$. Also we study the second Yamabe invariant and the second N−Yamabe invariant.
Role of entropy in determining the phase behavior of protein solutions induced by multivalent ions
Creators: name: Sahoo, Anil Kumar
name: Schreiber, Frank
name: Netz, Roland R.
name: Maiti, Prabal K.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: entropy
subject: lower critical solution temperature
subject: protein solutions
subject: phase behavior
subject: biological and soft-matter systems
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Recent experiments have reported lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phase behavior of aqueous solutions of proteins induced by multivalent ions, where the solution phase separates upon heating. This phenomenon is linked to complex hydration effects that result in a net entropy gain upon phase separation. To decipher the underlying molecular mechanism, we use all-atom molecular dynamics simulations along with the two-phase thermodynamic method for entropy calculation. Based on simulations of a single BSA protein in various salt solutions (NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, and YCl3) at temperatures (T) ranging 283–323 K, we find that the cation–protein binding affinity increases with T, reflecting its thermodynamic driving force to be entropic in origin. We show that in the cation binding process, many tightly bound water molecules from the solvation shells of a cation and the protein are released to the bulk, resulting in entropy gain. To rationalize the LCST behavior, we calculate the ζ-potential that shows charge inversion of the protein for solutions containing multivalent ions. The ζ-potential increases with T. Performing simulations of two BSA proteins, we demonstrate that the protein–protein binding is mediated by multiple cation bridges and involves similar dehydration effects that cause a large entropy gain which more than compensates for rotational and translational entropy losses of the proteins. Thus, the LCST behavior is entropy-driven, but the associated solvation effects are markedly different from hydrophobic hydration. Our findings have direct implications for tuning the phase behavior of biological and soft-matter systems, e.g., protein condensation and crystallization.
Dall'"underground filosofico" alla "ricerca scientifica normale": intervista a Tzotcho Boiadjiev sul pensiero est-europeo dopo il 1989
Creators: name: Zucchi, Luca
Publisher: name: Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, Università di Ferrara
Year: 2019

description: I castelli di Yale online, Numeri a stampa 1996-2012
Effective model approach to meson screening masses at finite temperature
Creators: name: Ishii, Masahiro
name: Sasaki, Takahiro
name: Kashiwa, Kouji
name: Kouno, Hiroaki
name: Yahiro, Masanobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temperature dependence of pion and sigma-meson screening masses is evaluated by the Polyakov-loop extended Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model with the entanglement vertex. We propose a practical way of calculating meson screening masses in the NJL-type effective models. The method based on the Pauli-Villars regularization solves the well-known difficulty that the evaluaton of screening masses is not easy in the NJL-type effective models.The PNJL model with the entanglement vertex and the Pauli-Villars regularization well reproduces lattice QCD results on temperature dependence of the chiral condensate and the Polyakov loop. The method is applied to analyze temperature dependence of pion screening mass calculated with state-of-the-art lattice simulations with success in reproducing the lattice QCD results.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Numerical computations of the dynamics of fluidic membranes and vesicles
Creators: name: Barrett, John W.
name: Garcke, Harald
name: Nürnberg, Robert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: Vesicles and many biological membranes are made of two monolayers of lipid molecules and form closed lipid bilayers. The dynamical behaviour of vesicles is very complex and a variety of forms and shapes appear. Lipid bilayers can be considered as a surface fluid and hence the governing equations for the evolution include the surface (Navier--)Stokes equations, which in particular take the membrane viscosity into account. The evolution is driven by forces stemming from the curvature elasticity of the membrane. In addition, the surface fluid equations are coupled to bulk (Navier--)Stokes equations. We introduce a parametric finite element method to solve this complex free boundary problem, and present the first three dimensional numerical computations based on the full (Navier--)Stokes system for several different scenarios. For example, the effects of the membrane viscosity, spontaneous curvature and area difference elasticity (ADE) are studied. In particular, it turns out, that even in the case of no viscosity contrast between the bulk fluids, the tank treading to tumbling transition can be obtained by increasing the membrane viscosity. Besides the classical tank treading and tumbling motions, another mode (called the transition mode in this paper, but originally called the vacillating-breathing mode and subsequently also called trembling, transition and swinging mode) separating these classical modes appears and is studied by us numerically. We also study how features of equilibrium shapes in the ADE and spontaneous curvature models, like budding behaviour or starfish forms, behave in a shear flow.
Strain Prediction Using Deep Learning during Solidification Crack Initiation and Growth in Laser Beam Welding of Thin Metal Sheets
Creators: name: Huo, Wenjie
name: Bakir, Nasim
name: Gumenyuk, Andrey
name: Rethmeier, Michael
name: Wolter, Katinka
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: convolutional neural network
subject: strain fields prediction
subject: laser beam welding
subject: solidification cracking
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke

description: The strain field can reflect the initiation time of solidification cracks during the welding process. The traditional strain measurement is to first obtain the displacement field through digital image correlation (DIC) or optical flow and then calculate the strain field. The main disadvantage is that the calculation takes a long time, limiting its suitability to real-time applications. Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have made impressive achievements in computer vision. To build a good prediction model, the network structure and dataset are two key factors. In this paper, we first create the training and test sets containing welding cracks using the controlled tensile weldability (CTW) test and obtain the real strain fields through the Lucas–Kanade algorithm. Then, two new networks using ResNet and DenseNet as encoders are developed for strain prediction, called StrainNetR and StrainNetD. The results show that the average endpoint error (AEE) of the two networks on our test set is about 0.04, close to the real strain value. The computation time could be reduced to the millisecond level, which would greatly improve efficiency.
title: Early alpha/beta oscillations reflect the formation of face-related expectations in the brain
Creators: name: Roehe, Marlen A.
name: Kluger, Daniel
name: Schroeder, Svea C.
name: Schliephake, Lena M.
name: Boelte, Jens
name: Jacobsen, Thomas
name: Schubotz, Ricarda Ines
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychology

description: Although statistical regularities in the environment often go explicitly unnoticed, traces of implicit learning are evident in our neural activity. Recent perspectives have offered evidence that both pre-stimulus oscillations and peri-stimulus event-related potentials are reliable biomarkers of implicit expectations arising from statistical learning. What remains ambiguous, however, is the origination and development of these implicit expectations. To address this lack of knowledge and determine the temporal constraints of expectation formation, pre-stimulus increases in alpha/beta power were investigated alongside a reduction in the N170 and a suppression in peri-/post-stimulus gamma power. Electroencephalography was acquired from naive participants who engaged in a gender classification task. Participants were uninformed, that eight face images were sorted into four reoccurring pairs which were pseudorandomly hidden amongst randomly occurring face images. We found a reduced N170 for statistically expected images at left parietal and temporo-parietal electrodes. Furthermore, enhanced gamma power following the presentation of random images emphasized the bottom-up processing of these arbitrary occurrences. In contrast, enhanced alpha/beta power was evident pre-stimulus for expected relative to random faces. A particularly interesting finding was the early onset of alpha/beta power enhancement which peaked immediately after the depiction of the predictive face. Hence, our findings propose an approximate timeframe throughout which consistent traces of enhanced alpha/beta power illustrate the early prioritisation of top-down processes to facilitate the development of implicitly cued face-related expectations.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
No pair production of open strings in a plane-wave background
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Makoto
name: Shin, Hyeonjoon
name: Yoshida, Kentaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider whether an external electric field may cause the pair production of open strings in a type IIA plane-wave background. The boundary states of D-branes with condensates are constructed in the Green-Schwarz formulation of superstring theory with the light-cone gauge. The cylinder diagrams are computed with massive theta functions. Although the value of the electric field is bounded by the upper value, there is no pole in the amplitudes and it indicates that no pair production occurs in the plane-wave background. This result would be universal for a class of plane-wave backgrounds.
description: 28 pages; v3: reference and comments added, typos corrected, matches the published version
Shape optimization for surface functionals in Navier--Stokes flow using a phase field approach
Creators: name: Garcke, Harald
name: Hecht, Claudia
name: Hinze, Michael
name: Kahle, Christian
name: Lam, Kei Fong
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Shape optimization, phase-field method, lift, drag, Navier{Stokes equations
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: We consider shape and topology optimization for fluids which are governed by the Navier--Stokes equations. Shapes are modelled with the help of a phase field approach and the solid body is relaxed to be a porous medium. The phase field method uses a Ginzburg--Landau functional in order to approximate a perimeter penalization. We focus on surface functionals and carefully introduce a new modelling variant, show existence of minimizers and derive first order necessary conditions. These conditions are related to classical shape derivatives by identifying the sharp interface limit with the help of formally matched asymptotic expansions. Finally, we present numerical computations based on a Cahn--Hilliard type gradient descent which demonstrate that the method can be used to solve shape optimization problems for fluids with the help of the new approach.
Image Segmentation and Restoration Using Parametric Contours With Free Endpoints
Creators: name: Benninghoff, Heike
name: Garcke, Harald
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Image segmentation, image restoration, active contours, Mumford-Shah, Chan-Vese, parametric method, variational methods, free endpoints, open boundaries
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for active contours with free endpoints. A scheme is presented for image segmentation and restoration based on a discrete version of the Mumford-Shah functional where the contours can be both closed and open curves. Additional to a flow of the curves in normal direction, evolution laws for the tangential flow of the endpoints are derived. Using a parametric approach to describe the evolving contours together with an edge-preserving denoising, we obtain a fast method for image segmentation and restoration. The analytical and numerical schemes are presented followed by numerical experiments with artificial test images and with a real medical image.
Spatial and temporal intratumour heterogeneity has potential consequences for single biopsy-based neuroblastoma treatment decisions
Creators: name: Schmelz, Karin
name: Toedling, Joern
name: Huska, Matt
name: Cwikla, Maja C.
name: Kruetzfeldt, Louisa-Marie
name: Proba, Jutta
name: Ambros, Peter F.
name: Ambros, Inge M.
name: Boral, Sengül
name: Lodrini, Marco
name: Chen, Celine Y.
name: Burkert, Martin
name: Guergen, Dennis
name: Szymansky, Annabell
name: Astrahantseff, Kathy
name: Kuenkele, Annette
name: Haase, Kerstin
name: Fischer, Matthias
name: Deubzer, Hedwig E.
name: Hertwig, Falk
name: Hundsdoerfer, Patrick
name: Henssen, Anton G.
name: Schwarz, Roland F.
name: Schulte, Johannes H.
name: Eggert, Angelika
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: intratumour heterogeneity
subject: neuroblastoma
subject: multiregional biopsies
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Intratumour heterogeneity is a major cause of treatment failure in cancer. We present in-depth analyses combining transcriptomic and genomic profiling with ultra-deep targeted sequencing of multiregional biopsies in 10 patients with neuroblastoma, a devastating childhood tumour. We observe high spatial and temporal heterogeneity in somatic mutations and somatic copy-number alterations which are reflected on the transcriptomic level. Mutations in some druggable target genes including ALK and FGFR1 are heterogeneous at diagnosis and/or relapse, raising the issue whether current target prioritization and molecular risk stratification procedures in single biopsies are sufficiently reliable for therapy decisions. The genetic heterogeneity in gene mutations and chromosome aberrations observed in deep analyses from patient courses suggest clonal evolution before treatment and under treatment pressure, and support early emergence of metastatic clones and ongoing chromosomal instability during disease evolution. We report continuous clonal evolution on mutational and copy number levels in neuroblastoma, and detail its implications for therapy selection, risk stratification and therapy resistance.
A Reduced Latency List Decoding Algorithm for Polar Codes
Creators: name: Lin, Jun
name: Xiong, Chenrong
name: Yan, Zhiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Long polar codes can achieve the capacity of arbitrary binary-input discrete memoryless channels under a low complexity successive cancelation (SC) decoding algorithm. But for polar codes with short and moderate code length, the decoding performance of the SC decoding algorithm is inferior. The cyclic redundancy check (CRC) aided successive cancelation list (SCL) decoding algorithm has better error performance than the SC decoding algorithm for short or moderate polar codes. However, the CRC aided SCL (CA-SCL) decoding algorithm still suffer from long decoding latency. In this paper, a reduced latency list decoding (RLLD) algorithm for polar codes is proposed. For the proposed RLLD algorithm, all rate-0 nodes and part of rate-1 nodes are decoded instantly without traversing the corresponding subtree. A list maximum-likelihood decoding (LMLD) algorithm is proposed to decode the maximum likelihood (ML) nodes and the remaining rate-1 nodes. Moreover, a simplified LMLD (SLMLD) algorithm is also proposed to reduce the computational complexity of the LMLD algorithm. Suppose a partial parallel list decoder architecture with list size $L=4$ is used, for an (8192, 4096) polar code, the proposed RLLD algorithm can reduce the number of decoding clock cycles and decoding latency by 6.97 and 6.77 times, respectively.
description: 7 pages, accepted by 2014 IEEE International Workshop on Signal Processing Systems (SiPS)
Trace-anomaly driven inflation in modified gravity and the BICEP2 result
Creators: name: Bamba, Kazuharu
name: Myrzakulov, R.
name: Odintsov, S. D.
name: Sebastiani, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore conformal-anomaly driven inflation in $F(R)$ gravity without invoking the scalar-tensor representation. We derive the stress-energy tensor of the quantum anomaly in the flat homogeneous and isotropic universe. We investigate a suitable toy model of exponential gravity plus the quantum contribution due to the conformal anomaly, which leads to the de Sitter solution. It is shown that in $F(R)$ gravity model, the curvature perturbations with its enough amplitude consistent with the observations are generated during inflation. We also evaluate the number of $e$-folds at the inflationary stage and the spectral index $n_\mathrm{s}$ of scalar modes of the curvature perturbations by analogy with scalar tensor theories, and compare them with the observational data. As a result, it is found that the Ricci scalar decreases during inflation and the standard evolution history of the universe is recovered at the small curvature regime. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that in our model, the tensor-to-scalar ratio of the curvature perturbations can be a finite value within the $68\%\,\mathrm{CL}$ error of the very recent result found by the BICEP2 experiment.
description: 16 pages, no figure, version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Dielectric constant of aqueous solutions of proteins and organic polymers from molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Liese, Susanne
name: Schlaich, Alexander
name: Netz, Roland R.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dielectric properties
subject: Molecular dynamics
subject: Amino acid
subject: Polymers
subject: Biomaterials
subject: Water model
subject: Polypeptide
subject: Proteins
subject: Polarization
subject: Peptides
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: The dielectric constant of water/oligomer mixtures, spanning the range from pure water to pure oligomeric melts, is investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. As prototypical water-soluble organic substances, we consider neutral poly-glycine, poly-ethylene glycol, and charged monomeric propionic acid. As the water content is reduced, the dielectric constant decreases but does not follow an ideal mixing behavior. The deviations from ideal mixing originate primarily in the non-linear relation between the oligomer mass fraction and collective polarization effects. We find that the dielectric constant is dominated by water polarization, even if the oligomer mass fraction exceeds 50%. By a double extrapolation of the MD simulation results to the limit of vanishing water fraction and to the limit of infinite oligomeric chain length, we estimate the orientational contribution to the dielectric constant of the pure polymeric melts. By this procedure, we obtain ɛ = 17 ± 2 for polyglycine and ɛ = 1 ± 0.3 for polyethylene glycol. The large difference is rationalized by polarization correlations of glycine units. Interestingly, we find constant temperature simulations to outperform replica exchange simulations in terms of equilibration speed.
title: Interoceptive sensibility predicts the ability to infer others’ emotional states
Creators: name: Hübner, Amelie Marleen
name: Trempler, Ima
name: Gietmann, Corinna
name: Schubotz, Ricarda Ines
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychology

description: Emotional sensations and inferring another’s emotional states have been suggested to depend on predictive models of the causes of bodily sensations, so-called interoceptive inferences. In this framework, higher sensibility for interoceptive changes (IS) reflects higher precision of interoceptive signals. The present study examined the link between IS and emotion recognition, testing whether individuals with higher IS recognize others’ emotions more easily and are more sensitive to learn from biased probabilities of emotional expressions. We recorded skin conductance responses (SCRs) from forty-six healthy volunteers performing a speeded-response task, which required them to indicate whether a neutral facial expression dynamically turned into a happy or fearful expression. Moreover, varying probabilities of emotional expressions by their block-wise base rate aimed to generate a bias for the more frequently encountered emotion. As a result, we found that individuals with higher IS showed lower thresholds for emotion recognition, reflected in decreased reaction times for emotional expressions especially of high intensity. Moreover, individuals with increased IS benefited more from a biased probability of an emotion, reflected in decreased reaction times for expected emotions. Lastly, weak evidence supporting a differential modulation of SCR by IS as a function of varying probabilities was found. Our results indicate that higher interoceptive sensibility facilitates the recognition of emotional changes and is accompanied by a more precise adaptation to emotion probabilities.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Amplification, Redundancy, and the Quantum Chernoff Information
Creators: name: Zwolak, Michael
name: Riedel, C. Jess
name: Zurek, Wojciech H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amplification was regarded, since the early days of quantum theory, as a mysterious ingredient that endows quantum microstates with macroscopic consequences, key to the "collapse of the wavepacket", and a way to avoid embarrassing problems exemplified by Schrödinger's cat. Such a bridge between the quantum microworld and the classical world of our experience was postulated ad hoc in the Copenhagen Interpretation. Quantum Darwinism views amplification as replication, in many copies, of the information about quantum states. We show that such amplification is a natural consequence of a broad class of models of decoherence, including the photon environment we use to obtain most of our information. This leads to objective reality via the presence of robust and widely accessible records of selected quantum states. The resulting redundancy (the number of copies deposited in the environment) follows from the Quantum Chernoff Information that quantifies the information transmitted by a typical elementary subsystem of the environment.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
title: The use of formal service design processes in service innovation
title: Interactions and perceptions of methods, frameworks, or processes for servicedesign, and related challenges
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Davidson, Amanda
Publisher: name: FH CAMPUS 02 (CAMPUS 02 Fachhochschule der Wirtschaft)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 658 Allgemeines Management

description: Literature finds that, despite the various benefits cited, formal processes for the design of services are not often used in manufacturing companies. This finding leads to the research question about the interaction of employees with service design processes, and how this relates to the other struggles faced by those employees in service innovation. A literature review and case study were performed in order to answer the research question. The literature review gave a theoretical background of the topic at hand and provided a basis for the case study analysis. A survey was developed with a mix of single choice, multiple choice, and open questions. Answers from 13 respondents representing nine companies were analyzed. It was found that the usage of service design methods, frameworks, or processes have benefits and help to solve challenges in service innovation. Respondents in the case study have generally positive views of service design methods, frameworks, or processes, and, although their usage is sporadic, respondents do not see the lack of methods, frameworks, or processes in service design to be a top challenge for accomplishing service innovation. While this case study has a small sample size and is limited in scope to manufacturing companies with a presence in the Styrian market, it can open the door to future research into the use of methods, frameworks, or processes in service design and their role in solving challenges faced by manufacturing companies transitioning into the service market.
Testing Inflation and Curvaton Scenarios with CMB Distortions
Creators: name: Clesse, Sebastien
name: Garbrecht, Björn
name: Zhu, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prior to recombination, Silk damping causes the dissipation of energy from acoustic waves into the monopole of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), resulting in spectral distortions. These can be used to probe the primordial scalar power spectrum on smaller scales than it is possible with CMB anisotropies. An enhancement of power on these scales is nevertheless required for the resulting distortions to be detectable by future experiments like PIXIE. In this paper, we examine all 49 single-field inflation models listed by Martin et al. in the Encyclopaedia Inflationaris [1] and find that only one of these may lead to a detectable level of distortions in a tuned region of its parameter space, namely the original hybrid model. Three effective multi-field scenarios are also studied: with softly and suddenly turning trajectories, and with a mild waterfall trajectory. Softly turning trajectories do not induce distortions at any detectable level, whereas a sudden turn in the field space or a mild waterfall trajectory predicts a peak (plus damped oscillations in the sudden turn case) in the scalar power spectrum, which can lead to an observable amount of CMB distortions. Finally, another scenario leading to potentially detectable distortions involves a curvaton whose blue spectrum is subdominant on CMB angular scales and overtakes the inflaton spectrum on smaller scales. In this case however, we show that the bounds from ultra compact minihaloes are not satisfied. Expectations for an ultimate PRISM-class experiment characterized by an improvement in sensitivity by a factor of ten are discussed for some models.
description: 36 pages, 32 figures, minor changes
Finite element approximation for the dynamics of asymmetric fluidic biomembranes
Creators: name: Barrett, John W.
name: Garcke, Harald
name: Nürnberg, Robert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: We present a parametric finite element approximation of a fluidic membrane, whose evolution is governed by a surface Navier–Stokes equation coupled to bulk Navier–Stokes equations. The elastic properties of the membrane are modelled with the help of curvature energies of Willmore and Helfrich type. Forces stemming from these energies act on the surface fluid, together with a forcing from the bulk fluid. Using ideas from PDE constrained optimization, a weak formulation is derived, which allows for a stable semi-discretization. An important new feature of the present work is that we are able to also deal with spontaneous curvature and an area-difference elasticity contribution in the curvature energy. This allows for the modelling of asymmetric membranes, which compared to the symmetric case lead to quite different shapes. This is demonstrated in the numerical computations presented.
Group Momentum Space and Hopf Algebra Symmetries of Point Particles Coupled to 2+1 Gravity
Creators: name: Arzano, Michele
name: Latini, Danilo
name: Lotito, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an in-depth investigation of the ${\rm SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$ momentum space describing point particles coupled to Einstein gravity in three space-time dimensions. We introduce different sets of coordinates on the group manifold and discuss their properties under Lorentz transformations. In particular we show how a certain set of coordinates exhibits an upper bound on the energy under deformed Lorentz boosts which saturate at the Planck energy. We discuss how this deformed symmetry framework is generally described by a quantum deformation of the Poincaré group: the quantum double of ${\rm SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$. We then illustrate how the space of functions on the group manifold momentum space has a dual representation on a non-commutative space of coordinates via a (quantum) group Fourier transform. In this context we explore the connection between Weyl maps and different notions of (quantum) group Fourier transform appeared in the literature in the past years and establish relations between them.
Investigating the effects of precise mass measurements of Ru and Pd isotopes on machine learning mass modeling
Creators: name: Porter, W. S.
name: Liu, B.
name: Ray, D.
name: Valverde, A. A.
name: Li, M.
name: Mumpower, M. R.
name: Brodeur, M.
name: Burdette, D. P.
name: Callahan, N.
name: Cannon, A.
name: Clark, J. A.
name: Hoff, D. E. M.
name: Houff, A. M.
name: Kondev, F. G.
name: Lovell, A. E.
name: Mohan, A. T.
name: Morgan, G. E.
name: Quick, C.
name: Savard, G.
name: Sharma, K. S.
name: Sprouse, T. M.
name: Varriano, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic masses are a foundational quantity in our understanding of nuclear structure, astrophysics and fundamental symmetries. The long-standing goal of creating a predictive global model for the binding energy of a nucleus remains a significant challenge, however, and prompts the need for precise measurements of atomic masses to serve as anchor points for model developments. We present precise mass measurements of neutron-rich Ru and Pd isotopes performed at the Californium Rare Isotope Breeder Upgrade facility at Argonne National Laboratory using the Canadian Penning Trap mass spectrometer. The masses of $^{108}$Ru, $^{110}$Ru and $^{116}$Pd were measured to a relative mass precision $δm/m \approx 10^{-8}$ via the phase-imaging ion-cyclotron-resonance technique, and represent an improvement of approximately an order of magnitude over previous measurements. These mass data were used in conjunction with the physically interpretable machine learning (PIML) model, which uses a mixture density neural network to model mass excesses via a mixture of Gaussian distributions. The effects of our new mass data on a Bayesian-updating of a PIML model are presented.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Segmentation of Three-dimensional Images with Parametric Active Surfaces and Topology Changes
Creators: name: Garcke, Harald
name: Benninghoff, Heike
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Image segmentation, three-dimensional images, active surfaces, parametric method, topology changes, Mumford-Shah, Chan-Vese,finite element approximation
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: In this paper, we introduce a novel parametric method for segmentation of three-dimensional images. We consider a piecewise constant version of the Mumford-Shah and the Chan-Vese functionals and perform a region-based segmentation of 3D image data. An evolution law is derived from energy minimization problems which push the surfaces to the boundaries of 3D objects in the image. We propose a parametric scheme which describes the evolution of parametric surfaces. An efficient finite element scheme is proposed for a numerical approximation of the evolution equations. Since standard parametric methods cannot handle topology changes automatically, an efficient method is presented to detect, identify and perform changes in the topology of the surfaces. One main focus of this paper are the algorithmic details to handle topology changes like splitting and merging of surfaces and change of the genus of a surface. Different artificial images are studied to demonstrate the ability to detect the different types of topology changes. Finally, the parametric method is applied to segmentation of medical 3D images
SOP/ENL/02/1.0 Semi-static Mussel Bioconcentration Test
Creators: name: Azevedo, Sofia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: marine mussel
bioconcentration
nanomaterial
standard operating procedure

description: The purpose of this SOP is to document the procedures of the semi-static bioconcentration test with mussels. The objective of this test is to evaluate the bioconcentration of nanomaterials in mussels in a semi-static exposure.

description: This document has been produced as a result of the work for the project SbDToolBox NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000047, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)
What’s age got to do with it? A primer and review of the workplace aging literature
Creators: name: E. Beier, Margaret
name: Kanfer, Ruth
name: T. A. M. Kooij, Dorien
name: TRUXILLO, DONALD
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: Industrial and employee relations

description: As populations in the United States and around the world continue to age, it has become increasingly important to understand how organizations can create working conditions that attract, support, and retain workers across the lifespan. In this paper, we provide a primer on current theory and research on age in the workplace. We briefly describe lifespan theories that have guided recent advances in the field, discuss the implications of these theories for an aging workforce, and provide an overview of current research streams that address the work and nonwork factors affecting performance, well-being, and workforce participation among mature workers. Based on this review, we provide recommendations for future research and practice.
A Cahn-Hilliard-Darcy model for tumour growth with chemotaxis and active transport
Creators: name: Garcke, Harald
name: Lam, Kei Fong
name: Sitka, Emanuel
name: Styles, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: Using basic thermodynamic principles we derive a Cahn--Hilliard--Darcy model for tumour growth including nutrient diffusion, chemotaxis, active transport, adhesion, apoptosis and proliferation. The model generalises earlier models and in particular includes active transport mechanisms which ensure thermodynamic consistency. We perform a formally matched asymptotic expansion and develop several sharp interface models. Some of them are classical and some are new which for example include a jump in the nutrient density at the interface. A linear stability analysis for a growing nucleus is performed and in particular the role of the new active transport term is analysed. Numerical computations are performed to study the influence of the active transport term for specific growth scenarios.
Lattice anharmonicity and thermal conductivity from compressive sensing of first-principles calculations
Creators: name: Zhou, Fei
name: Nielson, Weston
name: Xia, Yi
name: Ozolins, Vidvuds
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles prediction of lattice thermal conductivity $κ_L$ of strongly anharmonic crystals is a long-standing challenge in solid state physics. Making use of recent advances in information science, we propose a systematic and rigorous approach to this problem, compressive sensing lattice dynamics (CSLD). Compressive sensing is used to select the physically important terms in the lattice dynamics model and determine their values in one shot. Non-intuitively, high accuracy is achieved when the model is trained on first-principles forces in {\it quasi-random\/} atomic configurations. The method is demonstrated for Si, NaCl, and Cu$_{12}$Sb$_4$S$_{13}$, an earth-abundant thermoelectric with strong phonon-phonon interactions that limit the room-temperature $κ_L$ to values near the amorphous limit.
description: 5 pages, 3 figure, and supplemental material
SOP/ENL/01/1.0 Semi-static Zebrafish Embryo Toxicity Test
Creators: name: Azevedo, Sofia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: zebrafish embryos
nanomaterials
embryotoxicity
standard operating procedure

description: The purpose of this SOP is to document the procedures of the semi-static zebrafish embryo toxicity test. The objective of this test is to evaluate the toxicity of nanomaterials in the embryos of zebrafish in a semi-static exposure.

description: This document has been produced as a result of the work for the project SbDToolBox NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000047, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)
Computational parametric Willmore flow with spontaneous curvature and area difference elasticity effects
Creators: name: Barrett, John W.
name: Garcke, Harald
name: Nürnberg, Robert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Willmore flow, Helfrich flow, parametric finite elements, stability, tangential movement, spontaneous curvature, ADE model
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: A new stable continuous-in-time semi-discrete parametric finite element method for Willmore flow is introduced. The approach allows for spontaneous curvature and area difference elasticity (ADE) effects, which are important for many applications, in particular, in the context of membranes. The method extends ideas from Dziuk and the present authors to obtain an approximation that allows for a tangential redistribution of mesh points, which typically leads to better mesh properties. Moreover, we consider volume and surface area preserving variants of these schemes and, in particular, we obtain stable approximations of Helfrich flow. We also discuss fully discrete variants and present several numerical computations.
Symbol-Based Successive Cancellation List Decoder for Polar Codes
Creators: name: Xiong, Chenrong
name: Lin, Jun
name: Yan, Zhiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Polar codes is promising because they can provably achieve the channel capacity while having an explicit construction method. Lots of work have been done for the bit-based decoding algorithm for polar codes. In this paper, generalized symbol-based successive cancellation (SC) and SC list decoding algorithms are discussed. A symbol-based recursive channel combination relationship is proposed to calculate the symbol-based channel transition probability. This proposed method needs less additions than the maximum-likelihood decoder used by the existing symbol-based polar decoding algorithm. In addition, a two-stage list pruning network is proposed to simplify the list pruning network for the symbol-based SC list decoding algorithm.
description: Accepted by 2014 IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems (SiPS)
Die Festlegung von Flugrouten nach § 27 a Abs. 2 Satz 1 LuftVO
Creators: name: Michl, Fabian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Flugroute; Luftverkehr; Planung; Planungsrecht
subject: 340 Recht

description: Darstellung der rechtlichen Anforderungen an die Planung von Flugrouten, insb. das Verhältnis zur luftverkehrsrechtlichen Planfeststellung sowie des Rechtsschutzes gegen Flugrouten.
MEHNAT BOZORINING HUQUQIY TARTIBGA SOLINISHI VA UNING IQTISODIY AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Nishonov, Muhammadrizo
name: Azimova, Dilafruz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: 2023 yil 30 aprel kuni o'tkazilgan O'zbekiston Respublikasi referendumida umumxalq ovoz berish orqali qabul qilingan yangi tahrirdagi O'zbekiston Respublikasi Konstitusiyasida mehnat bozori va unda yuzaga keladigan munosabatlarni tartibga solishga qaratilgan bir qator yangi normalar o'z ifodasini topdi.
Carbon Budgeting Research Fellowship Research: Findings and Outputs
Creators: name: Price, Paul R
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: climate change
Ireland
Paris Agreement
carbon budget
science based targets
fair share

description: Presentation and Supplementary slides discussing the wide ranging research findings from Paul R Price's two-year carbon budgeting fellowship (2021–2023) at Dublin City University, as funded through the Climate Change Advisory Council by EPA Ireland for the Government of Ireland. The four research work packages covered topics related to setting and meeting carbon budgets, testing scenarios relative to the agreed climate objectives, and looking at land use and business in relation to meeting Ireland’s national carbon budgets. Even for only a 50:50 chance of limiting 1.5ºC, achieving the goal, even on only a “minimally equitable” basis, is now extremely difficult for any developed nation unless all mitigation levers are now employed immediately to the maximum extent possible.
Book Review Thinking like an economist: How efficiency replaced equality in U.S. public policy
Creators: name: Miller, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: economics, public policy, public affairs, U.S. politics

description: Book review of Thinking like an economist: How efficiency replaced equality in U.S. public policy by Elizabeth Popp Berman, Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press, 2022, 344 pp., $35.00 (hardcover), ISBN: 978-0691167381.

 The Version of Record of this manuscript has been published and is available in Journal of Public Affairs Education, March 30, 2023, DOI: 10.1080/15236803.2023.2191538.
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