cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Systems of classical particles in the grand canonical ensemble, scaling limits and quantum field theory
Creators: name: Albeverio, S.
name: Gottschalk, H.
name: Yoshida, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T08, 60G55

description: Euclidean quantum fields obtained as solutions of stochastic partial pseudo differential equations driven by a Poisson white noise have paths given by locally integrable functions. This makes it possible to define a class of ultra-violet finite local interactions for these models (in any space-time dimension). The corresponding interacting Euclidean quantum fields can be identified with systems of classical "charged" particles in the grand canonical ensemble with an interaction given by a nonlinear energy density of the "static field" generated by the particles' charges via a "generalized Poisson equation". The infinite volume limit of such systems is discussed for models with trigonometric interactions using a representation of such models as Widom-Rowlinson models associated with a (formal) Potts models at imaginary temperature. The continuum limit of the particle systems under consideration is also investigated and the formal analogy with the scaling limit of renormalization group theory is pointed out. In some simple cases the question of (non-) triviality of the continuum limits is clarified.
description: 55 pages, 5 Figures, 1 Table
Courant bracket as T-dual invariant extension of Lie bracket
Creators: name: Davidovic, Ljubica
name: Ivanisevic, Ilija
name: Sazdovic, Branislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the symmetries of a closed bosonic string, starting with the general coordinate transformations. Their generator takes vector components $ξ^μ$ as its parameter and its Poisson bracket algebra gives rise to the Lie bracket of its parameters. We are going to extend this generator in order for it to be invariant upon self T-duality, i.e. T-duality realized in the same phase space. The new generator is a function of a $2D$ double symmetry parameter $Λ$, that is a direct sum of vector components $ξ^μ$, and 1-form components $λ_μ$. The Poisson bracket algebra of a new generator produces the Courant bracket in a same way that the algebra of the general coordinate transformations produces Lie bracket. In that sense, the Courant bracket is T-dual invariant extension of the Lie bracket. When the Kalb-Ramond field is introduced to the model, the generator governing both general coordinate and local gauge symmetries is constructed. It is no longer self T-dual and its algebra gives rise to the $B$-twisted Courant bracket, while in its self T-dual description, the relevant bracket becomes the $θ$-twisted Courant bracket. Next, we consider the T-duality and the symmetry parameters that depend on both the initial coordinates $x^μ$ and T-dual coordinates $y_μ$. The generator of these transformations is defined as an inner product in a double space and its algebra gives rise to the C-bracket.
A Duopoly Model of Corporate Social Responsibility and Location Choice
Creators: name: Balboni, Alberto
name: Balboni, Fabio
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: We adopt a framework of vertical differentiation to study the issue of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). We develop a model of duopoly in a two-country
setting, in which firms choose the country of location, the level of CSR and finally compete in the market à la Bertrand. We show that: i) at equilibrium the two firms choose different levels of CSR, i.e. an "ethical" and a "neutral" firm coexist
in the market; ii) regardless of its location choice, the “neutral” firm undertakes a level of CSR equal to the minimum international standard; iii) the location choice of both the "ethical" and the "neutral" firm depends on the relative costs of CSR
in the two countries; in addition the choice of the “ethical” firm is influenced by the distribution of consumers' tastes for CSR, while the choice of the “neutral” firm is affected by the level of the minimum international standard for CSR.
Ptychographic X-ray Speckle Tracking with Multi Layer Laue Lens Systems
Creators: name: Morgan, Andrew James
name: Murray, Kevin T.
name: Prasciolu, Mauro
name: Fleckenstein, Holger
name: Yefanov, Oleksandr
name: Villanueva-Perez, Pablo
name: Mariani, Valerio
name: Domaracky, Martin
name: Kuhn, Manuela
name: Aplin, Steve
name: Mohacsi, Istwan
name: Messerschmidt, Marc
name: Stachnik, Karolina
name: Du, Yang
name: Burkhart, Anja
name: Meents, Alke
name: Nazaretski, Evgeny
name: Yan, Hanfei
name: Huang, Xiaojing
name: Chu, Yong
name: Chapman, Henry N.
name: Bajt, Saša
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2020

description: The ever-increasing brightness of synchrotron radiation sources demands improved x-ray optics to utilise their capability for imaging and probing biological cells, nano-devices, and functional matter on the nanometre scale with chemical sensitivity. Hard x-rays are ideal for high-resolution imaging and spectroscopic applications due to their short wavelength, high penetrating power, and chemical sensitivity. The penetrating power that makes x-rays useful for imaging also makes focusing them technologically challenging. Recent developments in layer deposition techniques that have enabled the fabrication of a series of highly focusing x-ray lenses, known as wedged multi layer Laue lenses. Improvements to the lens design and fabrication technique demands an accurate, robust, in-situ and at-wavelength characterisation method. To this end, we have developed a modified form of the speckle-tracking wavefront metrology method, the ptychographic x-ray speckle tracking method, which is capable of operating with highly divergent wavefields. A useful by-product of this method, is that it also provides high-resolution and aberration-free projection images of extended specimens. We report on three separate experiments using this method, where we have resolved ray path angles to within 4 nano-radians with an imaging resolution of 45nm (full-period). This method does not require a high degree of coherence, making it suitable for lab based x-ray sources. Likewise it is robust to errors in the registered sample positions making it suitable for x-ray free-electron laser facilities, where beam pointing fluctuations can be problematic for wavefront metrology.
Drinfeld Twists and Symmetric Bethe Vectors of Supersymmetric Fermion Models
Creators: name: Zhao, Shao-You
name: Yang, Wen-Li
name: Zhang, Yao-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the Drinfeld twists (factorizing $F$-matrices) of the $gl(m|n)$-invariant fermion model. Completely symmetric representation of the pseudo-particle creation operators of the model are obtained in the basis provided by the $F$-matrix (the $F$-basis). We resolve the hierarchy of the nested Bethe vectors in the $F$-basis for the $gl(m|n)$ supersymmetric model.
description: Latex File, 24 pages, no figure, some misprints are corrected
Il Nuovo Accordo sul Capitale e il rapporto banca - impresa nel sistema BCC Emilia-Romagna
Creators: name: Luppi, Barbara
name: Marzo, Massimiliano
name: Scorcu, Antonello Eugenio
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: Il presente lavoro analizza il grado di conoscenza di Basilea II e i connessi effetti sul comportamento delle imprese attraverso un’indagine realizzata su un campione di imprese clienti delle Banche di Credito Cooperativo in Emilia-Romagna nel 2007. In primo luogo si registra un’elevata quota di imprese che si dichiarano a conoscenza degli effetti di Basilea II, pari ai tre quarti del campione, rispetto al 47,5% rilevato in una indagine del 2005 (Bentivogli et al., 2007). Le imprese non si limitano ad accrescere il livello e la qualità delle informazioni societarie, ma operano azioni a livello strutturale, tra cui anche l’aumento del rapporto tra patrimonio e debiti finanziari. In secondo luogo, la percezione degli effetti di Basilea II è influenzata dall’intensità del rapporto banca impresa, approssimata nel campione dall’essere soci BCC e dalla presenza di mono/multi affidamento. Si registra un maggior grado di conoscenza di Basilea II e l’adozione più frequente di azioni strutturali tra le imprese clienti socie BCC. Infine, nella maggior parte dei casi gli effetti di Basilea II nelle procedure di erogazione del credito sono considerati limitati dalle imprese. Tuttavia, a fronte di una tendenziale neutralità nei flussi di credito un numero crescente di imprese avverte una maggiore onerosità in termini di tassi e costi.
Social Capital and the Reproduction of Inequality in Socially Polarized Economies
Creators: name: Mogues, Tewodaj
name: Carter, Michael R.
name: Mogues, Tewodaj
name: Carter, Michael R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: This paper explores the idea that how wealth is distributed across social groups (ethnic or language groups, gender, etc.) fundamentally affects the evolution of economic inequality. By providing microfoundations suitable for this exploration, this paper hopes to enhance our understanding of when social forces contribute to the reproduction of economic inequality. In tackling this issue, this paper offers contributions in two domains. First, it models social capital as a real capital asset with direct use and collateral value. Second, it extends the concepts of identity, alienation and polarization used by Esteban and Ray (1994). This generalization permits us to consider the multiple characteristics that shape social identity, inclusion and exclusion. It also underwrites a higher-order measure of socio-economic polarization that permits us to explore the hypothesis that economic inequality is most pernicious and persistent when it is socially embedded. Among other things we are able to show that holding constant the initial levels of economic polarization and wealth inequality, higher socio-economic polarization increases subsequent income and wealth inequality. Far from being a distributionally neutral panacea for missing markets, social capital in this model may itself generate exclusion and deepen social and economic cleavages.
Distribution Conventionality in the Movie Sector: An Econometric Analysis of Cinema Supply
Creators: name: Collins, Alan
name: Scorcu, Antonello E.
name: Zanola, R.
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: SECS-P/02 Politica economica

description: This paper empirically analyzes the impact of several factors on a ‘conventionality index’ in the specific context of the cinema exhibition sector. To our knowledge, it is the first time that a standard conventionality index has been constructed for this purpose. Econometric analysis of the determinants of variation in this index provides decision-makers with an empirical focus for analyzing distributional aspects of the movie exhibition market, with particular emphasis on product differentiation. Specifically, (i) do cinemas based in a city area have a different or ‘specialized’ focus in contrast to cinemas in small towns? Or, (ii) do multiplexes have a different or more specialized focus in comparison with cinemas? To this end, cross-sectional econometric models are estimated to help analyze these effects in three Italian regions for a sample of cinemas covering the 2006 season.
FDRN: A Fast Deformable Registration Network for Medical Images
Creators: name: Sun, Kaicong
name: Simon, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deformable image registration is a fundamental task in medical imaging. Due to the large computational complexity of deformable registration of volumetric images, conventional iterative methods usually face the tradeoff between the registration accuracy and the computation time in practice. In order to boost the registration performance in both accuracy and runtime, we propose a fast convolutional neural network. Specially, to efficiently utilize the memory resources and enlarge the model capacity, we adopt additive forwarding instead of channel concatenation and deepen the network in each encoder and decoder stage. To facilitate the learning efficiency, we leverage skip connection within the encoder and decoder stages to enable residual learning and employ an auxiliary loss at the bottom layer with lowest resolution to involve deep supervision. Particularly, the low-resolution auxiliary loss is weighted by an exponentially decayed parameter during the training phase. In conjunction with the main loss in high-resolution grid, a coarse-to-fine learning strategy is achieved. Last but not least, we introduce an auxiliary loss based on the segmentation prior to improve the registration performance in Dice score. Comparing to the auxiliary loss using average Dice score, the proposed multi-label segmentation loss does not induce additional memory cost in the training phase and can be employed on images with arbitrary amount of categories. In the experiments, we show FDRN outperforms the existing state-of-the-art registration methods for brain MR images by resorting to the compact network structure and efficient learning. Besides, FDRN is a generalized framework for image registration which is not confined to a particular type of medical images or anatomy.
Open Publishing Fest - Overcoming discoverability crisis: The OpenAIRE COVID-19 Gateway
Creators: name: Bardi, Alessia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: OpenAIRE
COVID-19
Discoverability crisis
Open discovery infrastructure

description: The OpenAIRE COVID-19 Gateway presented at the session "Overcoming the discoverability crisis" of the Open Publishing Fest 2020 hosted by Open Knowledge Maps and ReFigure.
Towards Higher Topology
Creators: name: Di Liberti, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We categorify the adjunction between locales and topological spaces, this amounts to an adjunction between (generalized) bounded ionads and topoi. We show that the adjunction is idempotent. We relate this adjunction to the Scott adjunction, which was discussed from a more categorical point of view in [Liba]. We hint that $0$-dimensional adjunction inhabits the categorified one.
description: Final version. Accepted by Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2010.00319
Null geodesics in five-dimensional Reissner-Nordström anti-de Sitter black hole
Creators: name: González, P. A.
name: Olivares, Marco
name: Vásquez, Yerko
name: Villanueva, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the motion of photons around massive bodies is one of the most useful tools to know the geodesic structure associated with said gravitational source. In the present work, different possible paths projected in an invariant hyperplane are investigated, considering five-dimensional Reissner-Nordström anti-de Sitter black hole. Also, we study some observational test such as the bending of light and the Shapiro time delay effect. Mainly, we found that the motion of photons follows the hippopede of Proclus geodesic, which is a new type of trajectory of second kind, being the Limaçon of Pascal their analogue geodesic in four-dimensional Reissner-Nordström anti-de Sitter black hole.
description: Version accepted for publication by EPJC
A New Perspective on the Nonextremal Enhancon Solution
Creators: name: Barrett, Jessica K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the nonextremal generalisation of the enhancon mechanism. We find that the nonextremal shell branch solution does not violate the Weak Energy Condition when the nonextremality parameter is small, in contrast to earlier discussions of this subject. We show that this physical shell branch solution fills the mass gap between the extremal enhancon solution and the nonextremal horizon branch solution.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, reference added
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Bromley, Daniel W.
name: Bromley, Daniel W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: There are three general classes of environmental implications from agriculture: (1) amenity implications; (2) habitat implications; and (3) ecological implications. Environmental "benefits" or "costs" from agriculture require a prior specification of the norm against which the status quo is to be compared. Agriculture is no longer simply an activity that produces commodities for local, regional, national, or international markets. Indeed, in the OECD countries, commodity abundance, not commodity scarcity, is the norm and so it is necessary to see agriculture as primarily a land management activity that provides (and supports) rural livelihoods, and that happens also to produce some marketable commodities. This fundamental redefinition of agriculture allows us to escape the conceptual trap that seems to prevail in many discussions about the environmental attributes of agriculture. That conventional view holds that there is some normal structure of agriculture in each ecological setting which gives rise to some "natural" level of costs of production. This thinking then allows a seamless transition into a discussion of subsidies and "distortions" that contravene some inherent comparative advantage. Recent preoccupation with revising world trade arrangements has tended to reinforce such thinking.
Unified non-metric (1,0) tensor-Einstein supergravity theories and (4,0) supergravity in six dimensions
Creators: name: Gunaydin, Murat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultrashort unitary (4,0) supermultiplet of 6d superconformal algebra OSp(8*|8) reduces to the CPT-self conjugate supermultiplet of 4d superconformal algebra SU(2,2|8) that represents the fields of maximal N=8 supergravity. The graviton in the (4,0) multiplet is described by a mixed tensor gauge field which can not be identified with the standard metric in 6d. Furthermore the (4,0) supermultiplet can be obtained as a double copy of (2,0) conformal supermultiplet whose interacting theories are non-Lagrangian. It had been suggested that an interacting non-metric (4,0) supergravity theory might describe the strongly coupled phase of 5d maximal supergravity. In this paper we study the implications of the existence of an interacting non-metric (4,0) supergravity in 6d. The (4,0) theory can be truncated to non-metric (1,0) supergravity coupled to 5,8 and 14 self-dual tensor multiplets that reduce to three of the unified magical supergravity theories in d=5. This implies that the three infinite families of unified N=2 , 5d Maxwell-Einstein supergravity theories (MESGTs) plus two sporadic ones must have uplifts to unified non-metric (1,0) tensor Einstein supergravity theories in d=6. These theories have non-compact global symmetry groups under which all the self-dual tensor fields including the gravitensor transform irreducibly. Four of these theories are uplifts of the magical supergravity theories whose scalar manifolds are symmetric spaces. The scalar manifolds of the other unified theories are not homogeneous spaces. We also discuss the exceptional field theoretic formulations of non-metric unified $(1,0)$ tensor-Einstein supergravity theories and conclude with speculations concerning the existence of higher dimensional non-metric supergravity theories that reduce to the $(4,0)$ theory in $d=6$.
description: Revised and expanded with additional references including a section on exceptional field field theoretic formulation of linearized 6d non-metric unified (1,0) tensor-Einstein supergravity theories. 36 pages Latex. Version to appear in JHEP
Ligand design and the synthesis of reactive organometallic complexes of tantalum for dinitrogen activation
Creators: name: Johnson, Samuel Alan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The organometallic chemistry of tantalum with the macrocyclic [P2N2] ligand (where [P2N2] = PhP(CH2SiMe2NSiMe2CH2)2Ph)) and the acyclic tridentate [NPN] ligand (where [NPN] = PPh(CH2SiMe2NPh)2) is explored. The complex [P2N2]TaMe3 is accessed by the reaction of [P2N2]Li2(C4H802 ) with TaMe3Cl2. Photolysis with an UV source produces [P2N2]Ta=CH2(Me), with the elimination of methane. Attempts to deprotonate {[P2N2]TaMe2}+ do not provide a chemical route to [P2N2]Ta=CH2(Me). In the presence of ethylene [P2N2]Ta=CH2(Me) is slowly converted to [P2N2]Ta(C2H4)Et, with [P2N2]Ta(C2H4)Me observed as a minor product. Pure [P2N2]Ta(C2H4)Et can be synthesized by the hydrogenation of [P2N2]TaMe3 in the presence of PMe3, followed by the addition of ethylene. Crystallographic and NMR spectral data indicate the presence of a (3-agostic interaction between the ethyl group and tantalum center in [P2N2]Ta(C2H4)Et. Partially deuterated analogues of [P2N2]Ta(C2H4)Et show a large isotopic perturbation of resonance for both the (3-protons and the a-protons of the ethyl group, indicative of an equilibrium between a (3-agostic and an a-agostic interaction for the ethyl group in solution. An EXSY spectrum demonstrates that an additional fluxional process occurs that exchanges all of the 'H environments of the ethyl and ethylene ligands. The hydrogenation of [P2N2]TaMe3 affords the dinuclear Ta(IV) hydride ([P2N2]Ta)2(fl-H)4. This diamagnetic tetrahydride fails to react with many reagents including ethylene and carbon monoxide; however, upon addition of iodomethane, {([P2N2]Ta)2(|i- H)4}+T is produced as a paramagnetic green crystalline solid. Ab initio calculations using density functional theory were performed in an attempt to further understand the influence of the macrocyclic ligand in the bonding in these complexes. The reaction of [NPN]Li2(THF)2 with TaMe3Cl2 produces [NPN]TaMe3. The hydrogenation of [NPN]TaMe3 yields the tetrahydride ([NPN]Ta)2(|i-H)4. This hydride reacts with dinitrogen with the loss of H2 to produce ([NPN]Ta(u:-H))2(|>V:r)2-N2), which contains N2 bound in the unprecedented side-on end-on dinuclear bonding mode. A prelimary study of the reactivity of this complex with B(C6F5)3, AlMe3, HB(C6F5)2, PhCH2Br, 9-BBN, C1B(C6F5)2 and PhO=CH is reported
Product Market Competition, Incentives and Fraudulent Behavior
Creators: name: Andergassen, Rainer
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: The present paper studies incentive provision in a model where a manager can affect the firm’s stock price by exerting unobservable effort and through costly, deceptive signalling and investigates the role product market competition plays in shaping shareholders’ trade-off between inducing effort and fraud.
4e-condensation in a fully frustrated Josephson junction diamond chain
Creators: name: Rizzi, M.
name: Cataudella, V.
name: Fazio, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fully frustrated one-dimensional diamond Josephson chains have been shown [B. Douçot and J. Vidal, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 88}, 227005 (2002)] to posses a remarkable property: The superfluid phase occurs through the condensation of pairs of Cooper pairs. By means of Monte Carlo simulations we analyze quantitatively the Insulator to $4e$-Superfluid transition. We determine the location of the critical point and discuss the behaviour of the phase-phase correlators. For comparison we also present the case of a diamond chain at zero and 1/3 frustration where the standard $2e$-condensation is observed.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Developed Speculation and Under Developed Markets - The Role of Futures Trading on Export Prices in Less Developed Countries
Creators: name: Fortenbery, T. Randall
name: Zapata, Hector O.
name: Fortenbery, T. Randall
name: Zapata, Hector O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This paper examines the relationship between New York coffee futures and cash export prices in Guatemala and Honduras . Cointegration tests suggest that the futures market is serving its price discovery function, and provides a vehicle by which to manage the domestic price risk in export countries. However, further analysis finds that as the percent of speculative open interest increases in the coffee futures market, price volatility increases. This suggests that cash market price risk in exporting countries may actually increase as a result of futures trading activity in developed country futures exchanges.
Cosmological implications of an evolutionary quantum gravity
Creators: name: Battisti, Marco Valerio
name: Montani, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological implications of an evolutionary quantum gravity are analyzed in the context of a generic inhomogeneous model. The Schrödinger problem is formulated and solved in the presence of a scalar field, an ultrarelativistic matter and a perfect gas regarded as the dust-clock. Considering the actual phenomenology, it is shown how the evolutionary approach overlaps the Wheeler-DeWitt one.
description: 4 pages; to appear in the proceedings of the II Stueckelberg Workshop, Int.J.Mod.Phys.A, references added
title: Spatio-temporal responses of British wild bees and fruit trees to climate change
Creators: name: Wyver, Chris
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2024

description: Biodiversity is under immense pressure from a range of threats, including land-use change, 
pollution, overexploitation, and climate change. Climate change significantly impacts species’ 
ranges, physiology, and phenology (the timing of recurring biological events). Species-specific 
responses to climate change may alter the synchrony of inter-species interactions, potentially 
affecting the provision of important ecosystem services such as pollination. This thesis explores 
the impact of climate change on wild bees (including many important pollinator species) and 
their interaction with economically important pome and stone fruits. Focussing on Great 
Britain, it assesses historic patterns and predicts potential future spatio-temporal trends in fruit, 
wild bees, and the synchrony between them.
Analysis of apple blossom and wild bee pollinator phenology revealed different patterns of 
change over time, although both emerged earlier in warmer years. Many wild bee species are 
advancing their emergence dates in response to temperature, however shifts were species�specific. The climate envelopes of many British wild bee species were predicted to shift 
poleward under future climate scenarios. The ability of a species to fill its climate envelope was 
found to be influenced by its life-history traits, specifically foraging behaviour, body size, and 
overwintering strategy. Finally, an important spatial data gap in fruit tree phenology recording 
was uncovered. Consequently, this thesis developed a citizen science project, FruitWatch, to 
collect blossom dates of fruit trees across Great Britain. Blossom predictions based on these 
records showed a strong link to temperature, with earliest dates predicted in the warmest 
locations. 
These results have direct implications for fruit growers, showing changing spatio-temporal 
dynamics of fruit crops and wild bee pollinators. Understanding these shifts is crucial to 
maintaining effective pollination of orchards. More broadly, this thesis provides a framework 
for assessing spatio-temporal shifts in many taxa, highlighting citizen science as a powerful tool 
for monitoring spatio-temporal shifts.
Haruo Aoki Papers on the Nez Perce Language
Creators: name: Wheeler, Harry
name: Wheeler, Ida James
name: Aoki, Haruo
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015

description: The Papers document Aoki.s fieldwork on the Nez Perce language in 1960-1962 and include survey sheets and microfilm copies of field notebooks. Aoki.s early fieldwork focuses on vocabulary and simple sentences, not on texts. Aoki.s Nez Perce consultants included Harry Wheeler and Ida James Wheeler. The Papers also include an index to Abraham Halpern.s notebooks on Pomo languages.
A Critical Assessment of State-of-the-Art in Entity Alignment
Creators: name: Berrendorf, Max
name: Wacker, Ludwig
name: Faerman, Evgeniy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we perform an extensive investigation of two state-of-the-art (SotA) methods for the task of Entity Alignment in Knowledge Graphs. Therefore, we first carefully examine the benchmarking process and identify several shortcomings, which make the results reported in the original works not always comparable. Furthermore, we suspect that it is a common practice in the community to make the hyperparameter optimization directly on a test set, reducing the informative value of reported performance. Thus, we select a representative sample of benchmarking datasets and describe their properties. We also examine different initializations for entity representations since they are a decisive factor for model performance. Furthermore, we use a shared train/validation/test split for a fair evaluation setting in which we evaluate all methods on all datasets. In our evaluation, we make several interesting findings. While we observe that most of the time SotA approaches perform better than baselines, they have difficulties when the dataset contains noise, which is the case in most real-life applications. Moreover, we find out in our ablation study that often different features of SotA methods are crucial for good performance than previously assumed. The code is available at https://github.com/mberr/ea-sota-comparison.
description: updated acknowledgement and fixed typo
FORECASTING CLASS III AND CLASS IV MILK PRICES
Creators: name: Jesse, Edward V.
name: Schuelke, Jacob
name: Jesse, Edward V.
name: Schuelke, Jacob
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: Despite the growing volume, trading in milk remains small in comparison to grain and livestock. Part of the reason for limited trading volume is that dairy futures trading is very new compared to grain and livestock trading. There is less experience with risk management strategies and a much smaller research base with respect to basis relationships and price forecasting. Dairy farmers are still "feeling their way." The purpose of this study is to provide a systematic, user-friendly method for forecasting Class III and Class IV prices. The user is allowed to vary regional milk production and stocks of manufactured dairy products to evaluate the sensitivity of point estimates. A sequential process is developed to predict Class III milk prices up to 12 months in advance using widely-published outlook data as predictor variables. The first stage involves deriving monthly U.S. milk supply forecasts using trend extrapolations for regional milk cow numbers and milk production per cow. Users may modify trend values based on personal expectations. In the second stage, the projected monthly U.S. milk supply is allocated to Class III and Class IV manufactured products (butter, cheddar cheese, nonfat dry milk, and dry whey). Underlying these forecasts is a set of econometric relationships that estimate production of the manufactured products based on total milk production and other variables.
On the Theoretical and Experimental Evidences of Material Phase Causality
Creators: name: Koprinkov, I. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present theoretical and experimental evidences showing that the material phase of the state vector is causally related with the dynamic of quantum system and may have observable physical consequences.
description: 1 page
Innovation and growth through local and global interaction
Creators: name: Andergassen, Rainer
name: Nardini, Franco
name: Ricottilli, Massimo
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: This paper investigates the research and development activity of heterogeneous and rationally bounded firms. The latter conduct this activity through in-house research and by collecting information originating in other firms’ spillovers. Thus, research and development activity owes both to independent searching and to interaction diffusing information. We study the conditions under which this idiosyncratic effort yields effects that have either local, system-wise negligible impacts or cumulate to generate significant aggregate ones. In the latter case, global effects feed back upon the incentive to innovate and therefore on the strength of local interaction as well as on autonomous research efforts. It is these dynamic forces that we model. We compare cases in which significant aggregate effects do emerge with cases in which they do not and study their outcome on innovation-directed investment and on long-term growth.
Should the Government Finance Public Goods in Rural Areas? A Review of Arguments
Creators: name: Petrick, Martin
name: Petrick, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This paper reviews three arguments why government should not directly finance public goods provision in the countryside: (1) sorting and voting of residents leads to efficient local public goods provision, (2) community governance better copes with incomplete contracting in public goods, and (3) public provision drives out voluntary private provi-sion of public goods. Theory and empirical evidence partly support these arguments. The adequate level of rural governance appears to be often below the national or Euro-pean level, and policy should focus on the institutional premises of public goods provi-sion rather than on centralized payments to public good providers.
Chamops segnis Marsh 1892
Creators: name: Sahni, Ashok
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1972
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Teiidae
Chamops
Chamops segnis

description: Chamops segnis Marsh, 1892a
Figure 8 A-D
A dentary, AMNH 8486 from Clayball Hill, is referred to Chamops segnis on the basis of its resemblance to the type dentary. The jaw is broken posteriorly and contains 13 worn and broken teeth (fig. 8A, B). The Meckelian fossa is open and extends anteriorly to the second most anterior tooth. The roof of the Meckelian fossa consists of a thick border which considerably widens anteriorly in the form of a lingual expansion when seen in dorsal view. The lower border of the dentary is only slightly curved. The teeth are subpleurodont and tricuspid. The tricuspid nature of the teeth cannot be made out in AMNH 8486, because of excessive wear. A number of other dentary fragments, however, indicate that the teeth are similar to those referred to the genus by Estes (1964). The tooth row is heterodont; the anterior five or six teeth are anteroposteriorly compressed, whereas the posterior ones are less so and possess rounded tooth bases. The linguolabially compressed crowns have a prominent central cusp with smaller anterior and posterior accessory cusps delineated by short but distinct ridges. The anterior cusps are larger than the posterior cusps at the anterior end of the dentary; the anterior and posterior cusps are the same size toward the posterior end. Faint vertical striations are more prominent on the lingual than the labial side of the crowns. Labially the dentary is smooth except for the presence of prominent mental foramina. The foramina are situated closer to the dorsal edge of the dentary. T-he six foramina extend posteriorly to the ninth or tenth tooth from the front.
Chamops maxillae, which vary considerably in size, are present in the collection. AMNH 8487 from Clambank Hollow, is a partial tooth-bearing border of a maxilla. It corresponds closely to UCMP 46033, described in detail by Estes (1964, p. 106). AMNH 8488, also from Clambank Hollow, is considerably more robust than AMNH 8487 and probably corresponds to the more massive dentaryjust described (fig. 8C, D). The anterior part of the maxilla, bearing four teeth, is preserved. The teeth are quite large and show signs of wear. The anterior maxillary teeth are directed backward and are slightly recurved but are otherwise morphologically similar to corresponding teeth on the dentary.
description: Published as part of Sahni, Ashok, 1972, The vertebrate Fauna of the Judith River formation, Montana, pp. 319-416 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 147 (6) on page 352, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3382461
Testing $f(R)$ Gravity With Scale Dependent Cosmic Void Velocity Profiles
Creators: name: Wilson, Christopher
name: Bean, Rachel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of cosmological scale modifications to General Relativity on the dynamics of halos within voids by comparing N-body simulations incorporating Hu-Sawicki $f(R)$ gravity, with $|f_{R0}|=10^{-6}$ and $10^{-5}$, to those of $Λ$CDM. By examining the radial velocity statistics within voids classified based on their size and density-profile, as "rising" ($R$-type) or "shell" ($S$-type), we find that halo motions in small $R$-type voids, with effective radius $<15 Mpc/h$, reveal distinctive differences between $f(R)$ and $Λ$CDM cosmologies. To understand this observed effect, we study the linear and nonlinear fifth forces, and develop an iterative algorithm to accurately solve the non-linear fifth force equation. We use this to characterize the Chameleon screening mechanism in voids and contrast the behavior with that observed in gravitationally collapsed objects. The force analysis underscores how smaller $R$-type voids exhibit the highest ratios of fifth force to Newtonian force, which source distinguishable differences in the velocity profiles and thereby provide rich environments in which to constrain gravity.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, void catalogs including density and radial velocity profiles and analysis codes including method to calculate the 5th force within voids in f(R) gravity can be downloaded from https://github.com/CornellCosmology/Void_fR_velocity_profiles. Updated to match published version in PRD
Resonant three-dimensional photonic crystals
Creators: name: Ivchenko, E. L.
name: Poddubny, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a theory of exciton-polariton band structure of resonant three-dimensional photonic crystals for arbitrary dielectric contrast and effective mass of the exciton that is excited in one of the compositional materials. The calculation has been carried out for a periodic array of spheres embedded in a dielectric matrix. It has been shown that the position of the lower branches of the polariton dispersion curve monotonously depends on the exciton effective mass and is determined by the coupling of light with the first few states of the mechanical exciton quantum confined inside each sphere. Particularly, we have studied the role of excitonic effects on the photonic-crystal band gap along the [001] direction of the Brillouin zone and presented an analytic description of the polariton dispersion in terms of the two-wave approximation.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Solid State
THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS IN 2002 OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE (CWD) IN WISCONSIN
Creators: name: Bishop, Richard C.
name: Bishop, Richard C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Wisconsin's 600,000 deer hunters will bear the brunt of the economic losses from chronic wasting disease (CWD) in the Wisconsin deer herd. Though studies have not been done to pinpoint a precise value, preliminary estimates place the losses to deer hunters at between $70 million and $100 million this fall. CWD will also cause deer hunters to spend less on their sport this year than they have in the past. However, the impacts of reduced hunter spending on the Wisconsin economy should not be too large. Losses to the deer hunting economy will be counterbalanced as resident hunters spend their money elsewhere in the economy. Some spending by nonresident hunters will be lost, but deer hunting is a very small part of the tourist economy. Nevertheless, some people in rural areas will suffer economically as fewer urban deer hunters spend money on the services they provide. If additional bad news about CWD is forthcoming before fall, the losses could be much larger.
On the averages of characteristic polynomials from classical groups
Creators: name: Bump, Daniel
name: Gamburd, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide an elementary and self-contained derivation of formulae for products and ratios of characteristic polynomials from classical groups using classical results due to Weyl and Littlewood.
D7.2 Report on the drivers and barriers to the provision of biodiversity and ES and the propagation of costs and benefits throughout the agri-food system
Creators: name: Ndlovu, Trinity
name: Petucco, Claudio
name: Zuta, Alon
name: Gallegos, Gustavo
name: Begg, Graham
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This report will identify drivers and barriers of biodiversity sensitive farming systems for the provision of biodiversity and ES (in coordination with task

7.3), and the propagation on benefits and costs through the agri-food systems, using the insights derived from qualitative models of socio-ecological networks representing European agricultural systems, and pertubation analysis to identify the system dynamics in complex networks (Task 7.2).
Polaronic signatures in the optical properties of Nd$_{2-x}$Ce$_x$CuO$_4$
Creators: name: Cappelluti, E.
name: Ciuchi, S.
name: Fratini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the temperature and doping dependence of the optical conductivity $σ(ω)$ of Nd$_{2-x}$Ce$_x$CuO$_4$ in terms of magnetic/lattice polaron formation. We employ dynamical mean-field theory in the context of the Holstein-t-J model where an exact analytical solution is available in the limit of infinite connectivity. We show that the pseudogap features in the optical conductivity of this compound can be associated to the formation of lattice polarons assisted by the magnetic interaction.
Volatility, Jumps and Predictability of Returns: a Sequential Analysis
Creators: name: Bordignon, Silvano
name: Raggi, Davide
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: SECS-P/05 Econometria

description: In this paper we propose a sequential Monte Carlo algorithm to estimate a stochastic volatility model with leverage effects and non constant conditional mean and jumps. We are interested in estimating the time invariant parameters and the non-observable dynamics involved in the model. Our idea relies on the auxiliary particle filter algorithm mixed together with Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methodology. Adding an MCMC step to the auxiliary particle filter prevents numerical degeneracies in the sequential algorithm and allows sequential evaluation of the fixed parameters and the latent processes. Empirical evaluation on simulated and real data is presented to assess the performance of the algorithm.
A numerical extrapolation method for complex conductivity of disordered metals
Creators: name: Kern, S.
name: Neilinger, P.
name: Manca, D.
name: Greguš, J.
name: Volkov, S.
name: Grajcar, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, quantum corrections to optical conductivity of disordered metals up to the UV region were observed. Although this increase of conductivity with frequency, also called anti-Drude behaviour, should disappear at the electron collision frequency, such transition has never been observed or described theoretically. Thus, the knowledge of optical conductivity in a wide frequency range is of great interest. It is well known that the extrapolation of complex conductivity is ill-posed - a solution of the analytic continuation problem is not unique for data with finite accuracy. However, we show that assuming physically appropriate properties of the searched function $σ(ω)$, such as: symmetry, smoothness, and asymptotic solution for low and high frequencies, one can significantly restrict the set of solutions. We present a simple numerical method utilizing the radial basis function approximation and simulated annealing, which reasonably extrapolates the optical conductivity from visible frequency range down to far infrared and up to ultraviolet region. Extrapolation obtained on MoC and NbN thin films was checked by transmission measurement across a wide frequency range.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
CRANBERRY PRICE FORECASTING
Creators: name: Jesse, Edward V.
name: Jesse, Edward V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: In 2000, rapidly-falling grower prices for cranberries led the cranberry industry to seriously consider invoking its federal marketing order for the first time since the early 1970s. The Cranberry Marketing Order permits volume control through producer allotments (grower delivery quotas) or handler withholding (processor set-asides). Possible deployment of volume controls motivated interest in the probable price effects, in particular, what level of production (given inventories and projected imports) would yield an acceptable grower price. As the public member of the Cranberry Marketing Committee and as the Committee's ad hoc staff economist, I agreed to develop a price forecasting model to shed light on this question.