cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impact of DM misregistration for NCPA compensation in HARMONI's SCAO system
Creators: name: Harvey, Douglas
name: Schwartz, Noah
name: Bond, Charlotte
name: Sauvage, Jean-Francois
Publisher: name: Proceedings of AO4ELT7 conference 2023 - Editors: Thierry Fusco and Benoit Neichel
Year: 2023
Subjects: EXTREMELY LARGE TELESCOPE
ADAPTIVE OPTICS
DEFORMABLE MIRROR
HARMONI
REGISTRATION

description: Non-Common Path Aberration (NCPA) compensation is crucial for good image quality, especially for high contrast operations. In SCAO mode HARMONI will use a calibration deformable mirror (DM) in conjunction with of low-order DM to calibrate and correct the NCPAs between the wavefront sensor path and the science detectors. However, constraints in the optical design requires the low-order DM to be rotated with respect to the calibration DM, and places them several metres apart, leading to misregistrations between the two DMs. In this paper, we present the results of Monte Carlo simulations to determine how residual WaveFront Errors (WFEs) between the DMs vary with these misregistrations. When controlling the first 50 Zernike modes we find residual WFEs to be 3% for all rotation angles and pupil shifts 0.5 of a DM pitch (5% of the pupil). Small magnification errors contribute little to the overall error. This result confirms the Low-Order DM can compensate for NCPAs and deliver a flat wavefront to the Pyramid wavefront sensor (PyWFS) even with relatively large misregistrations.
Non-Equilibrium Quantum Spin Dynamics from Classical Stochastic Processes
Creators: name: De Nicola, S.
name: Doyon, B.
name: Bhaseen, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following on from our recent work, we investigate a stochastic approach to non-equilibrium quantum spin systems. We show how the method can be applied to a variety of physical observables and for different initial conditions. We provide exact formulae of broad applicability for the time-dependence of expectation values and correlation functions following a quantum quench in terms of averages over classical stochastic processes. We further explore the behavior of the classical stochastic variables in the presence of dynamical quantum phase transitions, including results for their distributions and correlation functions. We provide details on the numerical solution of the associated stochastic differential equations, and examine the growth of fluctuations in the classical description. We discuss the strengths and limitations of the current implementation of the stochastic approach and the potential for further development.
description: v1: 14 + 7 pages, 16 figures. v2: accepted version, minor changes
Foreign Subsidies, Dumping and Optimal Trade Policies: The Case of the UK Fertiliser Market
Creators: name: McCorriston, Steve
name: Sheldon, Ian
name: McCorriston, Steve
name: Sheldon, Ian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Recently the EC Commission has imposed trade restrictions on imports of fertilisers into the Community. Under competitive conditions there is no basis for such a policy. However, developments in international trade theory indicate that when markets are characterised by imperfect competition, there may be a case for intervention. Using a theoretical model originally suggested by Dixit (1988) and applying a simulation technique also developed by Dixit (1987), this paper derives optimal tariffs and subsidies for the fertiliser industry, with the UK market taken as an example. The optimal adjustment of these policies in the face of foreign export subsidies and dumping is also considered. The theoretical and simulation results show the following: first, there is a normative case for government to use tariffs and domestic production subsidies in the fertiliser industry, and whilst the welfare-enhancing effects of these policies are low, the distributional effects are substantial. Second, in the case where only a tariff or a subsidy is used, the welfare-maximising policy would be one where the government counters the competitive distortion in the domestic fertiliser industry by using a subsidy on fertiliser production. Third, in face of foreign dumping, protection of the fertiliser industry should be reduced rather than increased.
InCrowd-VI: A Realistic Visual-Inertial Dataset for Evaluating SLAM in Indoor Pedestrian-Rich Spaces for Human Navigation
Creators: name: Bamdad, Marziyeh
name: Hutter, Hans-Peter
name: Darvishy, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) techniques can be used to navigate the visually impaired, but the development of robust SLAM solutions for crowded spaces is limited by the lack of realistic datasets. To address this, we introduce InCrowd-VI, a novel visual-inertial dataset specifically designed for human navigation in indoor pedestrian-rich environments. Recorded using Meta Aria Project glasses, it captures realistic scenarios without environmental control. InCrowd-VI features 58 sequences totaling a 5 km trajectory length and 1.5 hours of recording time, including RGB, stereo images, and IMU measurements. The dataset captures important challenges such as pedestrian occlusions, varying crowd densities, complex layouts, and lighting changes. Ground-truth trajectories, accurate to approximately 2 cm, are provided in the dataset, originating from the Meta Aria project machine perception SLAM service. In addition, a semi-dense 3D point cloud of scenes is provided for each sequence. The evaluation of state-of-the-art visual odometry (VO) and SLAM algorithms on InCrowd-VI revealed severe performance limitations in these realistic scenarios. Under challenging conditions, systems exceeded the required localization accuracy of 0.5 meters and the 1\% drift threshold, with classical methods showing drift up to 5-10\%. While deep learning-based approaches maintained high pose estimation coverage (>90\%), they failed to achieve real-time processing speeds necessary for walking pace navigation. These results demonstrate the need and value of a new dataset to advance SLAM research for visually impaired navigation in complex indoor environments. The dataset and associated tools are publicly available at https://incrowd-vi.cloudlab.zhaw.ch/.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
Overcoming Barriers to Cross-cultural Cooperation in AI Ethics and Governance
Creators: name: ÓhÉigeartaigh, Seán S.
name: Whittlestone, Jess
name: Liu, Yang
name: Zeng, Yi
name: Liu, Zhe
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Artificial intelligence
AI ethics
AI governance
Cross-cultural cooperation

description: Abstract: Achieving the global benefits of artificial intelligence (AI) will require international cooperation on many areas of governance and ethical standards, while allowing for diverse cultural perspectives and priorities. There are many barriers to achieving this at present, including mistrust between cultures, and more practical challenges of coordinating across different locations. This paper focuses particularly on barriers to cooperation between Europe and North America on the one hand and East Asia on the other, as regions which currently have an outsized impact on the development of AI ethics and governance. We suggest that there is reason to be optimistic about achieving greater cross-cultural cooperation on AI ethics and governance. We argue that misunderstandings between cultures and regions play a more important role in undermining cross-cultural trust, relative to fundamental disagreements, than is often supposed. Even where fundamental differences exist, these may not necessarily prevent productive cross-cultural cooperation, for two reasons: (1) cooperation does not require achieving agreement on principles and standards for all areas of AI; and (2) it is sometimes possible to reach agreement on practical issues despite disagreement on more abstract values or principles. We believe that academia has a key role to play in promoting cross-cultural cooperation on AI ethics and governance, by building greater mutual understanding, and clarifying where different forms of agreement will be both necessary and possible. We make a number of recommendations for practical steps and initiatives, including translation and multilingual publication of key documents, researcher exchange programmes, and development of research agendas on cross-cultural topics.
Precise measurement of the decay ${K_{L}\toπ^0γγ}$
Creators: name: Lai, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decay rate of $\klpgg$ has been measured with the NA48 detector at the CERN SPS. A total of 2558 $\klpgg$ candidates have been observed with a residual background of 3.2%. The branching ratio is determined to be $(1.36 \pm0.03_{(stat)} \pm0.03_{(syst)}\pm 0.03_{(norm)})\times10^{-6}$ and the vector coupling constant $a_v = -0.46 \pm0.03_{(stat)} \pm0.04_{(syst)}$. This result suggests that the CP-violation effects are dominating in the $\klpee$ decay. An upper limit for the $\klpgg$ decay rate in the two photon mass region $m_{γγ}
description: 12 pages, 7 figures and 2 tables. to be published in Phisics Letters B
MOESM2 of Global differences in the prevalence of the CpG island methylator phenotype of colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Shailesh Advani
name: Pragati Advani
name: Brown, Derek
name: DeSantis, Stacia
name: Krittiya Korphaisarn
name: VonVille, Helena
name: Bressler, Jan
name: Lopez, David
name: Davis, Jennifer
name: Daniel, Carrie
name: Sarshekeh, Amir
name: Braithwaite, Dejana
name: Swartz, Michael
name: Kopetz, Scott
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Table summarizing CIMP methodologies.
Belostoma discretum Montandon 1903
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Belostomatidae
Belostoma
Belostoma discretum

description: Belostoma discretum Montandon, 1903
Geographical distribution: Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina.
Distribution in Brazil: North, Central-West, and Southeast regions (PA, AM, TO, AC, MT, RO, MS, SP, RJ) (Pereira & Melo 2007; Ribeiro 2007).
Comments: Menke and Lauck (1962) recorded the species from a locality in Rio Araguaia (as part of GO), which is now situated on TO.
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Motives for the International Licensing of Branded Food and Related Products
Creators: name: Sheldon, Ian M.
name: Henderson, Dennis R.
name: Sheldon, Ian M.
name: Henderson, Dennis R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Given initial empirical observations of international licensing of, food and beer brands, this paper presents a simple game-theoretic model of the motives for licensing. In a situation of complete information, the model suggests that imperfect competition in overseas markets may be an important determinant of a branded product licensing equilibrium, whilst incomplete information about incumbent firms' payoffs and strategies and also repetition of the game may generate a sequence of unsuccessful entry followed by licensing.
Fitting Gravitational Lenses: Truth or Delusion
Creators: name: Evans, N. W.
name: Witt, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observables in a strong gravitational lens are usually just the image positions and sometimes the flux ratios. We develop a new and simple algorithm which allows a set of models to be fitted exactly to the observations. Taking our cue from the strong body of evidence that early-type galaxies are close to isothermal, we assume that the lens is scale-free with a flat rotation curve. However, our algorithm allows full flexibility as regards the angular structure of the lensing potential. Importantly, all the free parameters enter linearly into the model and so the lens and flux ratio equations can always be solved by straightforward matrix inversion. We use this new algorithm to examine some of the claims made for substructure on the basis of "anomalous flux ratios". We demonstrate by explicit construction that some of the lenses for which substructure has been claimed can be well-fit by smooth lens models. This is especially the case when the systematic errors in the flux ratios (caused by microlensing or differential extinction or scatter-broadening) are taken into account. However, there is certainly one system (B1422+231) for which the existing smooth models are definitely inadequate and for which substructure may be implicated. Within a few tens of kpc of galaxy centres, dynamical friction is efficient at dissolving any substructure. So, little substructure lies projected within the Einstein radius of most strong lenses. The numbers of strong lenses for which substructure is currently being claimed may be so large that this contradicts rather than supports cold dark matter theories.
description: 16 pages, version in press at MNRAS, revisions include new treatment of the observational errors and the inclusion of external shear in the models
Measuring the Degree of Market Power Exerted by Government Trade Agencies
Creators: name: Love, H. Alan
name: Murniningtyas, Endah
name: Love, H. Alan
name: Murniningtyas, Endah
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This paper sets up hypotheses tests for the exertion of market power by government trade agencies. The principle of profit maximization is used to derive an equilibrium condition for noncompetitive markets and provide explicit parametric tests for the level of market power exerted. This study differs from previous works in that exertion of market power is revealed through econometric techniques as opposed to the prevailing practice of comparing simulation outcomes to actual data. The Japanese role in wheat trade is selected as an application of the method.
title: Paratexte_De l'ère chrétienne au XIIIe siècle
Creators: name: AmateurS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021

description: Paratexte
description: ID_PARA_01012
Quiescent galaxies 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang and their progenitors
Creators: name: Valentino, Francesco
name: Tanaka, Masayuki
name: Davidzon, Iary
name: Toft, Sune
name: Gomez-Guijarro, Carlos
name: Stockmann, Mikkel
name: Onodera, Masato
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Ceverino, Daniel
name: Faisst, Andreas L.
name: Gallazzi, Anna
name: Hayward, Christopher C.
name: Ilbert, Olivier
name: Kubo, Mariko
name: Magdis, Georgios E.
name: Selsing, Jonatan
name: Shimakawa, Rhythm
name: Sparre, Martin
name: Steinhardt, Charles
name: Yabe, Kiyoto
name: Zabl, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report two secure ($z=3.775, 4.012$) and one tentative ($z\approx3.767$) spectroscopic confirmations of massive and quiescent galaxies through $K$-band observations with Keck/MOSFIRE and VLT/X-Shooter. The stellar continuum emission, the absence of strong nebular emission lines and the lack of significant far-infrared detections confirm the passive nature of these objects, disfavoring the alternative solution of low-redshift dusty star-forming interlopers. We derive stellar masses of $\mathrm{log}(M_{\star}/M_\odot)\sim11$ and ongoing star formation rates placing these galaxies $\gtrsim 1-2$ dex below the main sequence at their redshifts. The adopted parametrization of the star formation history suggests that these sources experienced a strong ($\langle \rm SFR \rangle \sim 1200-3500\,M_\odot\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$) and short ($\sim 50$ Myr) burst of star formation, peaking $\sim 150-500$ Myr before the time of observation, all properties reminiscent of the characteristics of sub-millimeter galaxies (SMGs) at $z>4$. We investigate this connection by comparing the comoving number densities and the properties of these two populations. We find a fair agreement only with the deepest sub-mm surveys detecting not only the most extreme starbursts, but also more normal galaxies. We support these findings by further exploring the Illustris-TNG cosmological simulation, retrieving populations of both fully quenched massive galaxies at $z\sim3-4$ and SMGs at $z\sim4-5$, with number densities and properties in agreement with the observations at $z\sim3$, but in increasing tension at higher redshift. Nevertheless, as suggested by the observations, not all the progenitors of quiescent galaxies at these redshifts shine as bright SMGs in their past and, similarly, not all bright SMGs quench by $z\sim3$, both fractions depending on the threshold assumed to define the SMGs themselves.
description: 20 pages (+appendix), 11 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal (ApJ). This work comes with a companion letter by Tanaka, Valentino, Toft et al. 2019, ApJL, 885, L34
Luminosity predictions for the first three ionisation stages of W, Pt and Au to probe potential sources of emission in kilonova
Creators: name: McCann, M.
name: Mulholland, L. P.
name: Xiong, Z.
name: Ramsbottom, C. A.
name: Ballance, C. P.
name: Just, O.
name: Bauswein, A.
name: Martínez-Pinedo, G.
name: McNeill, F.
name: Sim, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large number of R-matrix calculations of electron impact excitation for heavy elements (Z > 70) have been performed in recent years for applications in fusion and astrophysics research. With the expanding interest in heavy ions due to kilonova (KN) events such as AT2017gfo and AT2023vfi, this new data can be utilised for the diagnosis and study of observed KN spectra. In this work recently computed electron-impact excitation effective collision strengths are used, for the first three ionisation stages of tungsten (W, Z = 74), platinum (Pt, Z = 78) and gold (Au, Z = 79), to construct basic collisional radiative models tailored for the late stage nebular phases of KN. Line luminosities are calculated at a range of electron temperatures and densities and the strengths of these lines for a representative ion mass are compared. For the case of W III, these optically thin intensities are additionally used to constrain the mass of this ion in both AT2017gfo and AT2023vfi. Comparing with theoretical predictions of nucleosynthesis yields from neutron-star merger simulations, broad agreement with the inferred ion masses of W is found. Furthermore, we highlight the value of W measurements by showing that the abundance of other groups of elements and outflow properties are constrained by exploiting theoretically motivated correlations between the abundance of W and that of lanthanides or third r-process peak elements. Based on simple estimates, we also show that constraints on the distribution of tungsten in the ejecta may be accessible through the line shape, which may also yield information on the neutron-star merger remnant evolution.
description: Accepted Manuscript
Nonorthogonality constraints in open quantum and wave systems
Creators: name: Wiersig, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that the overlap of two energy eigenstates in a decaying quantum system is bounded from above by a function of the energy detuning and the individual decay rates. This is usually traced back to the positive definiteness of an appropriately defined decay operator. Here, we show that the weaker and more realistic condition of positive semi-definiteness is sufficient. We prove also that the bound becomes an equality for the case of single-channel decay. However, we show that the condition of positive semi-definiteness can be spoiled by quantum backflow. Hence, the overlap of quasibound quantum states subjected to outgoing-wave conditions can be larger than expected from the bound. A modified and less stringent bound, however, can be introduced. For electromagnetic systems, it turns out that a modification of the bound is not necessary due to the linear free-space dispersion relation. Finally, a geometric interpretation of the nonorthogonality bound is given which reveals that in this context the complex energy space can seen as a surface of constant negative curvature.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Belostoma elegans
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Belostomatidae
Belostoma
Belostoma elegans

description: Belostoma elegans (Mayr, 1871)
Geographical distribution: Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay.
Distribution in Brazil: South Region (SC, RS) (Lauck 1964; Lanzer-de-Souza 1980).
Comments: This species has been recorded from RN, but considering its distribution, the possibility of misidentification is very high, and the record is not considered here.
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Projections of Certain Fishery Products of Commercial Importance in Louisiana
Creators: name: Nash, Darrel A.
name: Nash, Darrel A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: Agribusiness
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Demand for fish products in the U.S. is steadily increasing as population and consumer income expands. Further consumption increases are projected resulting from these same forces. This is particularly true of the highly valued fish and shellfish as well as for fish meal, in which case the demand i sderived form the expansion in broiler production. Fish products landed in Louisiana, that is shrimp, crabs, oysters, and menhaden, will make contributions to this national market and it is therefore important to maintain these fisheries. Other finfish species landed in Louisiana will experience increasing demand if they are offered to the consumer in the highly processed forms similar to the fish products now experiencing significant demand increases.
Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory in the 1/N Expansion
Creators: name: Jenkins, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chiral Lagrangian for baryons is formulated in an expansion in 1/N_c. The chiral Lagrangian implements the contracted spin-flavor symmetry of large-N_c baryons as well as nonet symmetry of the leading planar diagrams. Large-N_c consistency conditions ensure that chiral loop corrections are suppressed in 1/N_c through exact cancellation of chiral loop graphs to fixed orders in 1/N_c. Application of 1/N_c baryon chiral perturbation theory to the flavor-27 baryon mass splittings and the baryon axial vector currents are considered as examples.
description: 10 pages, Invited talk, The Phenomenology of Large-N_c QCD, to be published Proceedings of the Institute of Nuclear Theory
MATTO: Multi-conjugate Adaptive Techniques Test Optics
Creators: name: Viotto, Valentina
name: Greggio, Davide
name: Marafatto, Luca
name: Alessandro, Ballone
name: Farinato, Jacopo
name: Di Filippo, Simone
name: Arcidiacono, Carmelo
name: Baruffolo, Andrea
name: Bergomi, Maria
name: Carolo, Elena
name: Chinellato, Simonetta
name: Dima, Marco
name: Magrin, Demetrio
name: Radhakrishnan Santhakumari, Kalyan
name: Vassallo, Daniele
name: Ragazzoni, Roberto
Publisher: name: Proceedings of AO4ELT7 conference 2023 - Editors: Thierry Fusco and Benoit Neichel
Year: 2023
Subjects: MULTI
CONJUGATE ADAPTIVE OPTICS
TEST BENCH
SIMULATOR

description: MATTO (Multi-conjugate Adaptive Techniques Test Optics) is a wide field AO test bench, under development at the INAF Astronomical Observatory of Padova. It is conceived as a wide field AO facility, aimed to serve as a bench for the study and development of MCAO techniques, under a wide range of conditions. As the test bench is devised to be used in the future to reach proof of concept of new techniques, it is conceived to be flexible, thus it is divided into independently-configurable modules. The first is a reference source module, including a number of opto-mechanical groups producing atmosphere-perturbed reference beams. Both natural and artificial references (characterized by different light spectra and geometries) can be simulated. A telescope simulator module then combines the light coming from the references, mimicking the geometry of the beams in the lower atmosphere. The MCAO correction module is designed to simulate a wide variety of compensation schemes, thanks to the combination of three large DMs, allowing conjugation at any equivalent distance. Finally, a sensing module can simulate a wide variety of wavefront sensors, including both pupil plane and focal plane techniques, and mimic optical phase-modifiers (e.g. roof, pyramid, ...). A flexible setup allows positioning of sensing and perturbing elements in different optical positions.
Equity and the financial costs of informal caregiving in palliative care: a critical debate
Creators: name: Gardiner, Clare
name: Robinson, Jackie
name: Connolly, Michael
name: Hulme, Claire
name: Kang, Kristy
name: Rowland, Christine
name: Larkin, Phil
name: Meads, David
name: Morgan, Tessa
name: Gott, Merryn
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Knowledge, education and training
Palliative care
End of life care
Financial
Economic
Costs
Family carer
Informal carer
Caregiver
Equity
Inequity

description: Abstract: Background: Informal caregivers represent the foundation of the palliative care workforce and are the main providers of end of life care. Financial pressures are among the most serious concerns for many carers and the financial burden of end of life caregiving can be substantial. Methods: The aim of this critical debate paper was to review and critique some of the key evidence on the financial costs of informal caregiving and describe how these costs represent an equity issue in palliative care. Results: The financial costs of informal caregiving at the end of life can be significant and include carer time costs, out of pocket costs and employment related costs. Financial burden is associated with a range of negative outcomes for both patient and carer. Evidence suggests that the financial costs of caring are not distributed equitably. Sources of inequity are reflective of those influencing access to specialist palliative care and include diagnosis (cancer vs non-cancer), socio-economic status, gender, cultural and ethnic identity, and employment status. Effects of intersectionality and the cumulative effect of multiple risk factors are also a consideration. Conclusions: Various groups of informal end of life carers are systematically disadvantaged financially. Addressing these, and other, determinants of end of life care is central to a public health approach to palliative care that fully recognises the value of carers. Further research exploring these areas of inequity in more depth and gaining a more detailed understanding of what influences financial burden is required to take the next steps towards meeting this aspiration. We will address the conclusions and recommendations we have made in this paper through the work of our recently established European Association of Palliative Care (EAPC) Taskforce on the financial costs of family caregiving.
Hot Electron Magnetotransport in a Spin-Valve Transistor at Finite temperatures
Creators: name: Hong, Jisang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hot electron magnetotransport in a spin-valve transistor has been theoretically explored at finite temperatures. We have explored the parallel and anti-parallel collector current changing the relative spin orientation of the ferromagnetic layers at finite temperatures. In this model calculations, hot electron energy redistribution due to spatial inhomogeneity of Schottky barrier heights and hot electron spin polarization in the ferromagnetic layer at finite temperatures have been taken into account. The results of this model calculations accord with the experimental data semi-quantitative manner. We therefore suggest that both effects remarked above should be taken into account substantially when one explores the hot electron magnetotransport in a spin-valve system transistor at finite temperatures.
description: p pages, 3 figures
Anticipating the Sun's heavy-element abundance
Creators: name: Gough, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much of our understanding of the internal structure of the Sun derives from so-called standard theoretical solar models. Unfortunately, none of those models agrees completely with observation. The discrepancy is commonly associated with chemical abundance, and has led to what is now called the solar abundance problem, the resolution of which has previously been out of sight. But now the Borexino Collaboration, who recently announced measurements of the pp-chain solar neutrinos, are optimistic that %in future they will be able to measure the flux $Φ_{\rm CNO}$ of the neutrinos emitted by the relatively weak CNO cycle. Since C, N and O constitute the majority of the heavy elements, that measurement will permit a crucial determination of the heavy-element abundance $Z_{\rm c}$ in the Sun's energy-generating core, thereby shedding important light on the problem. To accomplish that determination, a robust relation between $Z_{\rm c}$ and $Φ_{\rm CNO}$ will be required. That relation is $Z_{\rm c}= 0.400\, Φ_{\rm CNO}$, where $Φ_{\rm CNO}$ is in units of $10^{10} {\rm cm}^{-2}{\rm s}^{-1}$.
description: 3 pages
Chiral effective theory of scalar and vector diquarks revisited
Creators: name: Kim, Yonghee
name: Oka, Makoto
name: Suzuki, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral effective theory of light diquarks is revisited. We construct an effective Lagrangian based on the linear representation of three-flavor chiral symmetry. Here, we focus on the effect of a chiral and $U(1)_A$ symmetric term originated from an eight-point quark interaction. From this model, we obtain the mass formulas of scalar, pseudoscalar, vector, and axial-vector diquarks, which also describe the dependence of diquark masses on the spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and the $U(1)_A$ anomaly. We regard singly heavy baryons as two-body systems composed of one heavy quark and one diquark and then predict the fate of the mass spectrum and the strong decay widths under chiral symmetry restoration.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables; published version
MOESM1 of Global differences in the prevalence of the CpG island methylator phenotype of colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Shailesh Advani
name: Pragati Advani
name: Brown, Derek
name: DeSantis, Stacia
name: Krittiya Korphaisarn
name: VonVille, Helena
name: Bressler, Jan
name: Lopez, David
name: Davis, Jennifer
name: Daniel, Carrie
name: Sarshekeh, Amir
name: Braithwaite, Dejana
name: Swartz, Michael
name: Kopetz, Scott
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Search Strategies for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Belostoma elongatum Montandon 1908
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Belostomatidae
Belostoma
Belostoma elongatum

description: Belostoma elongatum Montandon, 1908
Geographical distribution: Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay. Records from countries northern to those above are highly questionable.
 Distribution in Brazil: all regions (PI, MT, RO, MG, MS, RS) (Armúa-de Reyes et al. 2006; Souza et al. 2006; Ribeiro 2007).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Supplementary information from Size matters: tissue size as a marker for a transition between reaction–diffusion regimes in spatio-temporal distribution of morphogens
Creators: name: Ceccarelli, Alberto S.
name: Borges, Augusto
name: Chara, Osvaldo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Supplementary Information document contains: 1) the analytical derivation of the reaction-diffusion model assuming a finite domain for different boundary conditions in 1D and 2D (section 1), 2) the comparison between analytical and numerical solutions in 1D and 2D (section 2), 3) the steady state calculations (section 3), 4) the geometrical characterization of the spatial distribution profiles given by ε_10 (section 4), 5) the estimation of the crossover tissue size Rc (section 5), 6) the mean time to reach the steady state together with its standard deviation (section 6), 7) the calculation of FRAP recovery curves from the 1D finite-domain model (section 7), 8) the details on the error of assuming an infinite domain instead of a finite domain in the steady state solutions (section 8) and 9) the efficiency of the analytical solution versus the numerical simulations (section 9).
Twist-angle engineering of excitonic quantum interference and optical nonlinearities in stacked 2D semiconductors
Creators: name: Lin, Kai-Qiang
name: Faria Junior, Paulo E.
name: Bauer, Jonas M.
name: Peng, Bo
name: Monserrat, Bartomeu
name: Gmitra, Martin
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Bange, Sebastian
name: Lupton, John M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/639/624/400/385
/639/766/119/1000/1018
/140/125
article

description: Abstract: Twist-engineering of the electronic structure in van-der-Waals layered materials relies predominantly on band hybridization between layers. Band-edge states in transition-metal-dichalcogenide semiconductors are localized around the metal atoms at the center of the three-atom layer and are therefore not particularly susceptible to twisting. Here, we report that high-lying excitons in bilayer WSe2 can be tuned over 235 meV by twisting, with a twist-angle susceptibility of 8.1 meV/°, an order of magnitude larger than that of the band-edge A-exciton. This tunability arises because the electronic states associated with upper conduction bands delocalize into the chalcogenide atoms. The effect gives control over excitonic quantum interference, revealed in selective activation and deactivation of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in second-harmonic generation. Such a degree of freedom does not exist in conventional dilute atomic-gas systems, where EIT was originally established, and allows us to shape the frequency dependence, i.e., the dispersion, of the optical nonlinearity.
MOESM1 of The complete mitochondrial genome and description of a new cryptic species of Benedenia Diesing, 1858 (Monogenea: Capsalidae), a major pathogen infecting the yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi Valenciennes in the South-East Pacific
Creators: name: J. Baeza
name: Sepúlveda, Fabiola
name: M. González
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Selective pressure analysis in PCGs of B. humboldti n. sp. from the SEP. KA, KS and KA/KS values were calculated using the γ-MYN model and adopting a sliding window of length = 57 and step length = 12.
Dynamics of a faceted nematic-smectic B front in thin-sample directional solidification
Creators: name: Borzsonyi, T.
name: Akamatsu, S.
name: Faivre, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental study of the directional-solidification patterns of a nematic - smectic B front. The chosen system is C_4H_9-(C_6H_{10})_2CN (in short, CCH4) in 12 μm-thick samples, and in the planar configuration (director parallel to the plane of the sample). The nematic - smectic B interface presents a facet in one direction -- the direction parallel to the smectic layers -- and is otherwise rough, and devoid of forbidden directions. We measure the Mullins-Sekerka instability threshold and establish the morphology diagram of the system as a function of the solidification rate V and the angle theta_{0} between the facet and the isotherms. We focus on the phenomena occurring immediately above the instability threshold when theta_{0} is neither very small nor close to 90^{o}. Under these conditions we observe drifting shallow cells and a new type of solitary wave, called "faceton", which consists essentially of an isolated macroscopic facet traveling laterally at such a velocity that its growth rate with respect to the liquid is small. Facetons may propagate either in a stationary, or an oscillatory way. The detailed study of their dynamics casts light on the microscopic growth mechanisms of the facets in this system.
description: 12 pages, 19 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Visual Complexity of Point Set Mappings
Creators: name: Meulemans, Wouter
name: Simons, Arjen
name: Verbeek, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the visual complexity of animated transitions between point sets. Although there exist many metrics for point set similarity, these metrics are not adequate for this purpose, as they typically treat each point separately. Instead, we propose to look at translations of entire subsets/groups of points to measure the visual complexity of a transition between two point sets. Specifically, given two labeled point sets A and B in R^d, the goal is to compute the cheapest transformation that maps all points in A to their corresponding point in B, where the translation of a group of points counts as a single operation in terms of complexity. In this paper we identify several problem dimensions involving group translations that may be relevant to various applications, and study the algorithmic complexity of the resulting problems. Specifically, we consider different restrictions on the groups that can be translated, and different optimization functions. For most of the resulting problem variants we are able to provide polynomial time algorithms, or establish that they are NP-hard. For the remaining open problems we either provide an approximation algorithm or establish the NP-hardness of a restricted version of the problem. Furthermore, our problem classification can easily be extended with additional problem dimensions giving rise to new problem variants that can be studied in future work.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Belostoma estevezae Ribeiro & Alecrim 2008
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Belostomatidae
Belostoma
Belostoma estevezae

description: Belostoma estevezae Ribeiro & Alecrim, 2008
Geographical distribution: Brazil.
Distribution in Brazil: Central-West Region (MT) (Ribeiro & Alecrim 2008).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Simulating Vibrational Dynamics on Bosonic Quantum Devices
Creators: name: Malpathak, Shreyas
name: Kallullathil, Sangeeth Das
name: Izmaylov, Artur F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bosonic quantum devices, which utilize harmonic oscillator modes to encode information, are emerging as a promising alternative to conventional qubit-based quantum devices, especially for the simulation of vibrational dynamics and spectroscopy. We present a framework for digital quantum simulation of vibrational dynamics under anharmonic potentials on these bosonic devices. In our approach the vibrational Hamiltonian is decomposed into solvable fragments that can be used for Hamiltonian simulation on currently available bosonic hardware. Specifically, we extended the Cartan subalgebra approach [T.C. Yen, A.F. Izmaylov, PRX Quantum 2, 040320 (2021)] -- a method for decomposing quantum Hamiltonians into solvable parts -- to bosonic operators, enabling us to construct anharmonic Hamiltonian fragments that can be efficiently diagonalized using Bogoliubov transforms. The approach is tested using a simulation of tunneling dynamics in a model two-dimensional double-well potential and calculations of vibrational eigenenergies for small molecules. Our fragmentation scheme provides a new approach for digital quantum simulations on bosonic quantum hardware for multi-mode anharmonic vibrational dynamics.
Pseudo-Majorana functional renormalization for frustrated XXZ spin-1/2 models with field or magnetization along the spin-Z direction at finite temperature
Creators: name: Bippus, Frederic
name: Schneider, Benedikt
name: Sbierski, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The numerical study of high-dimensional frustrated quantum magnets remains a challenging problem. Here we present an extension of the pseudo-Majorana functional renormalization group to spin-1/2 XXZ type Hamiltonians with field or magnetization along spin-Z direction at finite temperature. We consider a $U(1)$ symmetry-adapted fermionic spin representation and derive the diagrammatic framework and its renormalization group flow equations. We discuss benchmark results and application to two anti-ferromagnetic triangular lattice materials recently studied in experiments with applied magnetic fields: First, we numerically reproduce the magnetization data measured for CeMgAl$_{11}$O$_{19}$ confirming model parameters previously estimated from inelastic neutron spectrum in high fields. Second, we showcase the accuracy of our method by studying the thermal phase transition into the spin solid up-up-down phase of Na$_2$BaCo(PO$_4$)$_2$ in good agreement with experiment.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Quantum corrections to finite radius holography and holographic entanglement entropy
Creators: name: Donnelly, William
name: LePage, Elise
name: Li, Yan-Yan
name: Pereira, Andre
name: Shyam, Vasudev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate quantum corrections to holographic entanglement entropy in the proposed duality between $T\bar{T}$-deformed holographic 2D CFTs and gravity in AdS$_{3}$ with a finite cutoff. We first establish the dictionary between the two theories by mapping the flow equation of the deformed CFT to the bulk Wheeler-DeWitt equation. The latter reduces to an ordinary differential equation for the sphere partition function, which we solve to find the entanglement entropy for an entangling surface consisting of two antipodal points on a sphere. The entanglement entropy in the inverse central charge expansion yields the expectation value of the bulk length operator plus the entropy of length fluctuations, in accordance with the Ryu--Takayanagi formula and its generalization due to Faulkner, Lewkowycz, and Maldacena. Special attention is paid to the conformal mode problem and its resolution by a choice of contour for the gravitational path integral.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure. references updated in v2
Measurement of Light-Cone Wave Functions by Diffractive Dissociation
Creators: name: Ashery, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffractive dissociation of particles can be used to study their light-cone wave functions. Results from Fermilab experiment E791 for diffractive dissociation of 500 GeV/c pi- mesons into di-jets show that the |q qbar> light-cone asymptotic wave function describes the data well for Q^2 ~ 10 (GeV/c)^2 or more.
description: Talk given at the Recontres de Moriond, QCD and High Energy Hadronic Interactions, Les Arcs, March 2002. 5 pages 4 figures