cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Intercalation chemistry and charge storage in solution-processed layered MOPO₄ (M = V, Nb) hydrates
Creators: name: Zhu, Yue
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Intercalation chemistry
Charge storage

description: Intercalation chemistry, despite being an old field with more than a century of history, has recently gained renewed interest owing to the rise of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials and their associated scientific and technological importance. The relevance of intercalation chemistry to this family of materials includes liquid exfoliation of layered materials, tuning their physical and chemical properties by intercalation, charge storage in thin 2D nanosheets, electrochemical intercalation in 2D heterostructures, etc. Some are old topics demanding fresh understanding in new material systems, and some are unprecedented ideas that will be exciting to explore. This dissertation examines intercalation chemistry and charge storage in layered MOPO₄ (M=V, Nb) hydrates, which is an interesting material system that differs in several unique ways from many previously studied intercalation hosts. This system is also less popular in literature compared with classic ones, such as graphite and transition metal dichalcogenides, but is more structurally complicated and offers more research opportunities. Historically, some aspects of the intercalation product and kinetics regarding the use of a bulky metallocene as intercalation guest remain elusive, and the charge storage mechanism of small alkali-ions in the presence of interlayer water has not been well understood. This work presents research efforts to answer such open questions in these materials through a combined experimental and theoretical approach. Following a brief overview of intercalation chemistry and its most up to date development (Chapter 1), materials synthesis involving solution processing methods to obtain microcrystals and nanosheets of MOPO₄ hydrates is described (Chapter 2). The subsequent in-depth studies are divided into two major parts using either microcrystals or nanosheets as intercalation host. The first part discusses the intercalation of ferrocene into microcrystals of VOPO₄·2H₂O in terms of resolving intercalated structures and understanding solvent-dependent kinetics (Chapter 3). The second part details the charge storage in nanosheets of MOPO₄ with implications on Li- and Na-ion battery applications (Chapter 4). Finally, key contributions to the intercalation chemistry of the title material system are summarized and possible future directions are provided (Chapter 5).
Artifact for Paper cvc5: A Versatile and Industrial-Strength SMT Solver
Creators: name: Barbosa, Haniel
name: Barrett, Clark
name: Brain, Martin
name: Kremer, Gereon
name: Lachnitt, Hanna
name: Mann, Makai
name: Mohamed, Abdalrhman
name: Mohamed, Mudathir Mahgoub Yahia
name: Niemetz, Aina
name: Noetzli, Andres
name: Ozdemir, Alex
name: Preiner, Mathias
name: Reynolds, Andrew
name: Sheng, Ying
name: Tinelli, Cesare
name: Zohar, Yoni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: To use this artifact, use the TACAS22 VM [0]. Copy the archive into the VM, unpack it, and then follow the instructions in Readme.txt to replicate the results in the paper. [0] https://zenodo.org/record/5562597
Location Awareness in Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Pearn, B
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: With the proliferation of wireless networks and the declining cost of wireless devices there is increasing interest in the development of location aware applications. These applications include robotics, context aware systems to collect or disseminate information, duress alarms in institutions such as hospitals and prisons and security of the wireless network.\ \ There are many technologies that may be used to sense the location of mobile devices or personnel, including those based on infrared, ultrasonic, radio frequency tags and magnetic sensing. Most of these technologies require the deployment of devices specifically placed to support the location system. This paper focuses on a location system based on the RSSI of packets on the IEEE 802.11b wireless network. This technique has the great advantage that it may be implemented using off the shelf hardware that is generally already deployed to support the data network.\ \ A simple wireless network was deployed in the School of Computing Building at the Newnham Campus of the University of Tasmania and used to test the location performance of a location system based on Bayesian filtering of detected signal strengths.
title: Chemical Composition and Acceptability of Rain Damaged, Field Dried Alfalfa Hay
Creators: name: Araque, Cesar Augusto
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1984

description: Water was applied to swaths of cut alfalfa forage with oscillating sprinklers to stimulate rain damage to field drying alfalfa hay to determine the changes in chemical composition, loss of yield, and acceptability of rain damaged hay to sheep. An additional objective was to develop models to estimate yield losses form experimental hay. The experimental hay was prepared with a 2x2x4x4x2 factorial design. The factors were two different cuttings (July and September), two width of swath (3.05 m and 4.27 m), four times of applying artificial rain (3h, 8h, 13h, and 24h after cutting), four levels of artificial rain (no rain, 12.5 mm, 25.0 mm, and 50.0 mm), and two applications of artificial rain (initially and repeated 24h after first application).
The hay was dried in favorable weather conditions during the summer season. Fair weather, was observed in the fall season.
Chemical composition of the fresh forage at each of the seasons of cutting was closely comparable. Main factors (cut, swath width, time, level, and application of water) and their respective interactions (cut x swath, cut x time, cut x level, time x level) affected chemical composition and voluntary intake of the experimental hay. Samples were analyzed for dry matter, ash, crude protein, plant cell walls, hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, and acid detergent fiber.
No significant changes in the chemical composition occurred when the artificial rain was applied on the fresher forage (cutting). However, substantial losses were observed after the forage wilted (>13h after cutting).
Plant cell contents (100% minus plant cell wall %) decreased while plant cell wall constituents increased with increasing levels of water applied after cutting, and with double application of water. Cell wall content of the hay increased more from rain damage during the fall season than during summer period.
Most of the loss of soluble components (cell contents) occurred with the initial application (12.5 mm) of water. Protein content proved to be a poor indicator of rain damage in alfalfa hay.
The width of the swather used to harvest the hay (P
Models for estimating loss of yield from the experimental hay were developed. The amount of rainfall and other descriptive factors were useful to estimate of yield from specific lots of rain damaged alfalfa hay.
title: Estimation of Cost and Benefit of Instream Flow
Creators: name: Amirfathi, Parvaneh
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1984

description: Water flowing in streams has value for various types of recreationists and is essential for fish and wildlife. Since water demands for offstream uses in the arid west have been steadily increasing, increasing instream flows to enhance the recreational experience might be in conflict with established withdrawals for uses such as agriculture, industries and households.
It is the intent of this study to contribute to an economic assessment of the tradeoff between maintaining instream flow for river recreation use and offstream uses; that is, to develop and apply a method to measure costs and benefits of water used for recreation on a river.
Since market prices are not observable for instream flows, the estimation economic value of instream flow would present well known difficulties. The household production function theory was used to build the theoretical model to measure economic value of instream flow.
Policy implication are discussed with emphasis on application of the information to water management decisions.
Developing data-driven innovation in creative industries
Creators: name: Parkinson, Caroline
name: Terras, Melissa
name: Speed, Chris
name: Somerville, Ritchie
Publisher: name: University of Edinburgh
Year: 2020
Subjects: Data
Innovation
Creative Industries
Culture
Education
Entrepreneurship Data Driven Innovation Programme
Edinburgh and South East City Region Deal

description: This White Paper reports on the findings of the Data-Driven Innovation (DDI) Programme Sector Development consultation (2018-20), which investigated the data capability and further potential for innovation across the creative industries in the Edinburgh and South East City Region of Scotland. It presents an overview of the findings with early models of delivery through The University of Edinburgh to stimulate greater awareness and support for data innovation ambition, as well as key themes to focus on for future development. Consultation was conducted with the creative industries community in the Edinburgh and South East City Region, including Scottish creative industries trade bodies and networks, leading creative companies and individual creative practitioners, and with staff in The University of Edinburgh. We are grateful to the industry for their feedback, and to colleagues within the Data-Driven Innovation Programme, Edinburgh Futures Institute, Creative Informatics Cluster and their partners Edinburgh Napier University, Codebase and Creative Edinburgh for their input, advice and support. The consultation that informs this White Paper was initiated and supported by the Data-Driven Innovation Programme of The University of Edinburgh within the Edinburgh and South East Region City Deal.
title: The Cost Effective Acquisition and Dissemination of Market Information: A Computerized Approach
Creators: name: Burton, Tammy
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1984

description: Clearly, many of the developments in computerized market systems are regarded as revolutionary in an industry which has undergone diminutive changes in marketing its products and acquiring current market information. Cognizance of the agricultural market situation is pertinent for maximum production efficiency, bargaining strength, and financial success for producers.
Collectively, producers in Utah face the dilemma of receiving approximately ten percent less in cash receipts for their commodities than their counterparts in surrounding states. Market information that was attainable by producers was often obsolete, redundant, expensive, and irrelevant to the market situation in Utah.
The implementation of a Computerized Market Information Systems (CIS) has the potential to eliminate the duplication of collection, analysis, and dissemination of information among state and federal agencies, freeing resources into other vital areas. Presently, the CIS is a "pilot" system concentrating primarily upon market reports which have an impact on the beef cattle and hay industries within the state. The increased usage has suggested that the system should be expanded to include more commodity reports and analyses to accommodate producers in different areas of production.
The potential cost effectiveness of the system is demonstrated in several ways. First, a savings to producers who utilize the CIS in lieu of traditional sources of information. Second, a savings in duplication of labor and other resources within state and federal agencies through a cooperative effort. Third, the quality and timeliness of information has been improved.
Triangular Gear Teeth
Creators: name: Thorndike, Alan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ancient technology, gears

description: Instruments – Observations – Theories: Studies in the History of Astronomy in Honor of James Evans, ed. Alexander Jones and Christián Carman, 2020, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3928498, pp. 7–16.
Hard X-ray emission from accretion shocks around galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Kushnir, Doron
name: Waxman, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the hard X-ray (HXR) emission observed from several galaxy clusters is naturally explained by a simple model, in which the nonthermal emission is produced by inverse Compton scattering of cosmic microwave background photons by electrons accelerated in cluster accretion shocks: The dependence of HXR surface brightness on cluster temperature is consistent with that predicted by the model, and the observed HXR luminosity is consistent with the fraction of shock thermal energy deposited in relativistic electrons being \lesssim 0.1. Alternative models, where the HXR emission is predicted to be correlated with the cluster thermal emission, are disfavored by the data. The implications of our predictions to future HXR observations (e.g. by NuStar, Simbol-X) and to (space/ground based) gamma-ray observations (e.g. by Fermi, HESS, MAGIC, VERITAS) are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, somewhat revised, published in JCAP
title: Production Factors in Beef Cattle Finishing
Creators: name: Anderson, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1984

description: A feeding trial was conducted comparing four finishing diets, typically fed in this area, two hormone implants zeranol (Ralgro) and estradiol 17-beta (compudose), and a feed additive. thirty-two Hereford steers were fed in individual pens to maintain accurate intake records. The four diets compared were: 1) a whole corn diet with a small amount of corn silage as roughage; 2) a high energy ground barley diet using corn silage and chopped alfalfa as roughage; 3) a total diet consisting of rolled barley, beet pulp, and ground alfalfa hay; and 4) a high energy rolled barley diet using corn silage and chopped alfalfa hay as roughage. All finishing diets were supplemented with a protein, vitamin, and mineral supplement containing monensin.
The cattle were fed in two phases--a growing and finishing phase. The diet comparisons were conducted only during the finishing phase. The implant and additive comparisons were made over both phases.
Diet had little effect on feed lot performance. Rate of gain and feed efficiency were not significantly affected. Voluntary intake of net energy for gain was significantly affected (p
The effect of diet was also significant for internal fat percent and marbling score (p
The difference between the implants used was very small. None of the feedlot performance traits were affected.
The feed additive Trigrr II produced significantly more (p
During the combined period, average daily gain and feed efficiency were both superior for Trigrr II fed cattle (p
Cattle implanted with zeranol fed Trigrr II consumed significantly greater amounts of net energy for gain and had heavier hot carcass weights than estradiol 17-beta implanted cattle or zeranol x control cattle.
title: The Relationship of Ewe Body Mass to Lamb Production
Creators: name: Gebrelul, Sebhatu
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1984

description: Body size was estimated by multiplying the average of the hip and chest widths by body length and chest depth in 208 ewes of three genotypes: Targhee x Targhee (TXT), Finn x Targhee (FXT), and Suffolk x Targhee (SXT), and two seasons, fall (pre-breeding) and spring (post-lambing). The estimated ewe body size did not fluctuate with season, body condition or physiological stress and proved to be a constant measure of size. Measuring linear body dimension is time consuming; and hence ewe body size can best be approximated by the chest depth in a regression equation. In the absence of linear measurements, the ewe body weight remained to be the best measure of size.
In evaluating relationships, there was a tendency for ewe body size and weight to be positively (P < .05) related to reproductive traits and body condition to negatively (P < .05) related. The heavier ewes were more prolific in the FXT ewes and the lighter ewes in the SXT ewes, the TXT ewes being intermediate. Lamb production on per unit size or weight bases tended to be negatively (P
title: An Economic Analysis of food Policy in the Ivory Coast
Creators: name: Felix, Yao Prao
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1984

description: Ivory Coast covers an area of 124,000 square miles with reasonable rainfall for food crops production. But besides what has been called the economic "miracle," the country relies on increasing food imports (rice, wheat, meat, and milk products). At the same time, the country's earnings from the major export commodities are shrinking. So the primary objective was to identify the main causes and circumstances that have resulted in reductions in food production. The major hypothesis was that the present situation is simply the result of policies that have favored cash crops relative to good products. A formal treatment and an analysis of the institutional and structural setting were made.
The results of the formal treatment showed relatively high trend growth rate in cash crops compared to good products. Some food crops experienced high trend growth rate but exhibited a very erratic pattern in their production. And this seems to support the hypothesis made.
A ministry of Rural Development has been created in November, 1983, and increasing food production is one of its main objectives. However, profound and appropriate studies prior to any move towards total reliance on domestic food production are crucial for the country's resources allocation.
title: Banking and Finance in Cache Valley, 1856-1956
Creators: name: Hurren, Patricia Kaye
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1956

description: For one hundred years Cache Valley has been a growing segment of the American economy. Alternating periods of national financial stress and prosperity have been reflected in this Valley. In addition, Cache Valley has been confronted with certain distinct economic and financial problems and has produced her own solutions to these problems. Although her economy is based in large part on agriculture, the existence of the state agricultural college and a number of industries in her midst has induced economic growth and influenced economic development. Cache Valley provides fertile ground for study of a representative segment of the American economy. Likewise, it offers a fruitful case-study of Utah, Western, and Mountain economic development. Few of the men who lived during the making of Cache Valley's early history are living today to tell its story with their own lips. With the help of those who are today living a new Cache Valley financial story, the writer has completed a history of finance using both primary and secondary sources.
Adoption of business practices by participants in the small business managment training programme
Creators: name: Bell, Gordon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study is an evaluation of the educational effectiveness of three courses in the Small Business Management Training Programme conducted in several districts of the Lower Mainland of British Columbia. The evaluation utilizes the concept of adoption to determine the degree to which respondents have made use of the specified business skills and techniques taught within the courses. The study also attempts to measure the reaction of respondents to the courses in general, and to the instructors and course contents specifically. Data for the analysis were collected by interviewing a random sample of participants in each course from the population of participants in the Lower Mainland of B.C. There was a significant increase in the degree of adoption among respondents in all courses following participation in the programme. Gains in the degree of adoption were significant at the 1 per cent level of confidence. An analysis of adoption for each specific technique within each course indicates that the degree of adoption was not uniform among these techniques. An analysis of variance among means of adoption scores in relation to several characteristics of respondents indicated that three characteristics, namely education, the relationship of the respondent to the business, and the number of employees in the respondent's business, had a significant relationship to the degree to which respondents adopted the techniques. Differences among means were significant for the three characteristics at the 5 per cent level of confidence. The recorded scores on the three scales used to measure reactions to course, instructor, and course content respectively indicated a favourable reaction in each case and for each course.
title: Separation Anxiety: The Impact of CEO Divorce on Shareholders
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: McCall, Allan
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2013

description: There are at least three potential ways in which a CEO divorce might impact a corporation and its shareholders: It might reduce the executive’s control or influence over the organization. It might affect his or her productivity, concentration, and energy levels. Third, it can influence attitudes toward risk. We examine these in detail, and ask: Should shareholders and boards be concerned when a CEO and spouse separate? Should the board make the CEO “whole” in order to restore equity incentives to where they were prior to divorce? Is divorce a private matter, or should companies disclose this information to shareholders?
title: An Estimation of Primary Benefits Realized on Three Bureau of Reclamation Projects
Creators: name: McQueen, Steven D. C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1989

description: Three Bureau of Reclamation projects, which represent a broad cross-section of the eleven total in Utah, are studied in order to shed light on the value of the invested resources to U.S. taxpayers, the people of Utah, and the local farmers.
The bureau's nonmultiple-purpose projects in Utah are termed "supplemental" as opposed to "full-service" because some amount of irrigation was already in place.
Recent findings from field trials of yield vs. evapotranspiration for major crops grown in the Western states were employed to assess the annual productive value of existing river water rights had the three projects not been built.
Annual estimates of crop values or revenues for each project were obtained from Bureau of Reclamation publications. However, an allowance for annual crop production costs is needed in order to arrive at annual project net incomes (net benefit streams). Cost per acre data were obtained from published intermittent farm studies and reports of farm budgets beginning as early as 1910. This information was then converted to a series of trends in annual production costs by linking to reported indices of farm prices paid as reported by the USDA for the past 80 years.
Projects are arbitrarily judged to be "economically efficient" if the estimated internal rate of return at least exceeds borrowing cost to the U.S. Treasury at the time that each project was built, e.g., from 3.5 to 4.5 percent. Only the Strawberry project results suggest that the borrowing rate was exceeded. The Newton project has realized a slight positive return of less than 1 percent, and the Hyrum project has realized negative returns. Thus, the economic results of the bureau's irrigation program in the state have been mixed. Claims of great benefits from water development are not substantiated by the study results. The only unambiguous beneficiaries are farmers whose included lands had very poor or no water rights prior to project construction.
Fusion subcategories of representation categories of twisted quantum doubles of finite groups
Creators: name: Naidu, Deepak
name: Nikshych, Dmitri
name: Witherspoon, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe all fusion subcategories of the representation category of a twisted quantum double of a finite group. In view of the fact that every group-theoretical braided fusion category can be embedded into a representation category of a twisted quantum double of a finite group, this gives a complete description of all group-theoretical braided fusion categories. We describe the lattice and give formulas for some invariants of the fusion subcategories of representation category of a twisted quantum double of a finite group. We also give a characterization of group-theoretical braided fusion categories as equivariantizations of pointed categories.
description: 28 pages, Remarks 4.6 and 4.7 added at the suggestion of the referee
Possibility of Coherent Phenomena like Bloch Oscillations with Single Photons via W-States
Creators: name: Rai, Amit
name: Agarwal, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the behavior of single photons at multiport devices and inquire if coherent effects are possible. In particular we study how single photons need to be manipulated in order to study coherent phenomena. We show that single photons need to be produced in W states which lead to vanishing mean amplitude but nonzero correlations between the inputs at different ports. Such correlations restore coherent effects with single photons. As a specific example we demonstrate Bloch oscillations with single photons and thus provide strict analog of Bloch oscillation of electrons.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Orthodox quantization of Einstein's gravity: might its unrenormalizability be technically fathomable and physically innocuous?
Creators: name: Kauffmann, Steven Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many physical constants related to quantized gravity, e.g., the Planck length, mass, curvature, stress-energy, etc., are nonanalytic in G at G=0, and thus have expansions in powers of G whose terms are progressively more divergent with increasing order. Since the gravity field's classical action is inversely proportional to G, the path integral for gravity-field quantum transition amplitudes shows that these depend on G only through the product hG, and are nonanalytic in G at G=0 for the same reason that all quantum transition amplitudes are nonanalytic in h at h=0, namely their standard oscillatory essential singularity at the classical "limit". Thus perturbation expansions in powers of G of gravity-field transition amplitudes are also progressively more divergent with increasing order, and hence unrenormalizable. While their perturbative treatment is impossible, the exceedingly small value of hG makes the semiclassical treatment of these amplitudes extraordinarily accurate, indeed to such an extent that purely classical treatment of the gravity field ought to always be entirely adequate. It should therefore be fruitful to couple classical gravity to other fields which actually need to be quantized: those fields' ubiquitous, annoying ultraviolet divergences would thereupon undergo drastic self-gravitational red shift, and thus be cut off.
description: 7 pages, Conclusion section added
Factors influencing the reproductive development and\ early life history of blacklip (Haliotis rubra) and\ greenlip (H. laevigata) abalone
Creators: name: Grubert, MA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: A study was initiated to determine the effect of selected factors on the reproductive development and early life history of blacklip (Haliotis rubra) and greenlip (H. laevigata) abalone relevant to their wild fisheries or aquaculture. In both species, the rate of gonadal and larval development was proportional to water temperature, but the relationship was not simply multiplicative, rather there was a critical minimum water temperature below which development was arrested, known as the Biological Zero Point (BZP). The BZP for gonadal development was 7.8 degrees C for H. rubra and 6.9 degrees C for H. laevigata. Corresponding BZP values for larval development were 7.8 degrees C and 7.2 degrees C, respectively. Observations of larval development relative to temperature enabled a description of the Effective Accumulative Temperature (EAT; the cumulative difference between the culture temperature and the BZP, calculated hourly) for prominent developmental stages. The difference between the EAT for metamorphic competence and that for hatchout (i.e. the interval during which the larvae remain in the water column) was 1120 and 1160 EAT degrees C-h for blacklip and greenlip abalone, respectively. These values, in combination with water temperature data, enable the prediction of the dispersal window for each species in situ. Spawning performance of blacklip and greenlip abalone was also affected by temperature, with both sexes of each species producing significantly more gametes when conditioned at 16 degrees C than 18 degrees C. Sperm production of H. rubra was an order of magnitude greater than that of equivalent sized H. laevigata. There was no apparent difference in the lipid or fatty acid composition of the ovary or testis between pre- and post-spawning animals of either species, presumably because of partial spawning and/or incomplete resorption of the gonad. Likewise, a 4 degrees C difference in conditioning temperature (i.e. 14 degrees C vs 18 degrees C) was insufficient to elicit changes in tissue biochemistry. There was a significant interaction between sperm density and contact time on the fertilisation success of eggs from both blacklip and greenlip abalone. Prolonged exposure (> 1200 s for H. rubra and > 480 s for H. laevigata) to concentrated sperm (i.e. 107 ml-1) resulted in egg destruction. Analysis of CoVariance of F50 values (i.e. the sperm concentration required for 50% fertilisation, derived from the linear regression of logit (proportion of eggs fertilised) versus sperm density) between species across a range of contact times demonstrated that contact time had a significant effect (p < 0.001) whereas species did not (p = 0.22). The lack of a species effect suggests that the fertilisation potential of blacklip and greenlip abalone eggs are similar, at least across the range of sperm densities and contact times used.
title: Energy Analysis of Flat Water Recreation: An Economic Assessment
Creators: name: Howell, Craig Leon
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1984

description: Energy analysts believe that traditional economics and energy markets undervalue the only absolutely limited resource, energy. They have produced methods to supplement or supercede economics.
However, theoretical underpinnings of these methods include an energy theory of value which is shown to be too narrow to support workable economic models or numeraires. Sample rankings of recreational values on four Utah reservoirs, using energy analysis and economic methods, show that the two methods yield opposite rankings.
Thermal reaction processes in a relativistic QED plasma drop
Creators: name: Kuznetsova, Inga
name: Habs, Dieter
name: Rafelski, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equilibrium size and temperature limits of thermally and chemically equilibrated $e^+e^-γ$ plasma drops are investigated at a given energy content. For a plasma to be equilibrated it must be opaque to electron and photon interactions. The opaqueness condition is determined by comparing plasma size with the mean free electron and photon paths. We calculate those paths using thermal Lorentz-invariant reaction rates for pair production and electron(positron) and photon scattering. The range of the corresponding plasma temperature and size is evaluated numerically. Considering the energy and size we find that the opaque and equilibrated plasma drop may be experimentally attainable.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, version is updated to be the same as in PRD in press
title: Risk in Production
Creators: name: Diallo, Mamadou Dian
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1984

description: Most production activities undertaken involve a certain degree of risk. Agricultural production is particularly risky since it is susceptible to the physical vagaries of nature and all economic and social variations. For most countries, agriculture is an important and vital sector where production decisions are made under risk. Hence, decision making under risk requires careful analysis and represents an important area of study.
The present research has been directed to advance our knowledge about the consequences of risk, and the behavior toward risk in the organization of production, particularly agricultural production. This objective is achieved by a review of risk theory, duality and the use of applied econometrics in order to develop some empirical production structures capable of assessing the impacts of risk, particularly increasing risk, on producer's behavior. The concept of increasing risk as incorporated into production structures is then applied to a livestock example in Utah. A stochastic production function for ranch operations in Utah is estimated in order to derive information about the impacts of increasing risk on the output and input choices of ranchers.
The results of the estimation and tests suggest that ranchers in Utah produce with inflexible production technology and are subject to significant production risk. Any policy affecting the use of inputs such as feed and pasture may exacerbate the risk condition which the ranchers face, since choices to employ alternative input combination to modify the condition of risk are limited.
The Antikythera Mechanism, Rhodes, and Epeiros
Creators: name: Iversen, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Antikythera Mechanism, calendars, Rhodes, Epirus, Greek inscriptions

description: Instruments – Observations – Theories: Studies in the History of Astronomy in Honor of James Evans, ed. Alexander Jones and Christián Carman, 2020, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3928498, pp. 17–38.
title: Sneak Preview: How ISS Dictates Equity Plan Design
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Gow, Ian D.
name: McCall, Allan
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2013

description: Proxy advisory firms have long been known to influence the voting decisions of institutional investors. Now, a growing body of evidence suggests that they also influence company decisions in equity plan design. Should shareholders and the SEC be concerned?
title: Does Inflation Tend to Perpetuate Itself? The Case of Latin America
Creators: name: Harraf, Ebrahim
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1985

description: The purpose of this study was threefold: (1) to test the existing theory which explains inflation as a result of its self-generating nature; (2) to investigate the contribution of foreign trade upon inflation; and (3) to test the casual relationship between the rate of inflation and the deficit. A system of four equations has been used to explain the relationship between the price level and the monetary expansion, between the rate of growth of the monetary base and the rate of the monetary expansion, the deficit and the monetary base, and, finally, between the deficit and the price level. As the existing model was exposed to open economy assumptions by introducing foreign reserves as another source of variation of monetary base, the explanatory power of the model increased. That is, as the results suggest, explaining the inflation/deficit chain in the context of a closed economy assumption leaves much of the process unexplained. Even though part of the increase in the monetary base is caused by foreign trade, a major portion of the expansion in monetary base is caused by the deficit. That is, a government's expenditure exceeds its revenue in any given year, which results in financing that deficit through borrowing from the central bank--that is, monetizing the deficit.
This study suggests that no generality can be made regarding the source of inflation in Latin America. In some countries, the source of inflation is only the deficit, while in others it is only foreign reserves and deficit contribute to the rate of inflation simultaneously, the effect of foreign reserves is less expansionary. This can be seen from the magnitude of the respective parameter estimates.
In the last part of the study, the Granger test of causality has been used to test the causal relationship between the price level and the deficit. Again, countries exhibit heterogeneous results. In some, inflation apparently causes the deficit, while in others, the deficit is the cause of inflation. In several countries, strong feedback exists between these two variables. As a result, it can be concluded that the extent and sources of inflation for countries under study are different.
In conclusion, a few policies are suggested which could be used to bring both deficits and inflation at least to some acceptable level.
title: Combined Scale Weight, Height at Hips and Visual Condition Score as an Indicator of Functional Body Size in Range Cows
Creators: name: Davis, Patricia B.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1984

description: Thirty-five range cows of various breeds were obtained for the study. Body measurements taken were live weight and hip height and all cows were condition scored for level of fatness. The cows were slaughtered and the following morning several carcass measurements were taken and the plate was removed from the left side. These plates were boned and the remaining flesh ground for chemical analysis of percent carcass fat. Regression equations were calculated for estimating percent carcass fat from condition score, weight:height ratio and hip height (R2=.765). However, condition score alone is the single best estimator for percent carcass fat (R2=.759).
title: Corporate Governance According to Charles T. Munger
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2014

description: Berkshire Hathaway Vice Chairman Charlie Munger is well known as the partner of CEO Warren Buffett and also for his advocacy of “multi-disciplinary thinking” — the application of fundamental concepts from across various academic disciplines to solve complex real-world problems. One problem that Munger has addressed over the years is the optimal system of corporate governance. Munger advocates that corporate governance systems become more simple, rather than more complex, and rely on trust rather than compliance to instill ethical behavior in employees and executives. He advocates giving more power to a highly capable and ethical CEO, and taking several steps to improve the culture of the organization to reduce the risk of self-interested behavior. We examine Munger’s solution in detail. We ask: Would the trust-based system that Munger advocates work in the average corporation? What governance practices today are “necessary” and which are “excessive”? How can a company ensure that its culture will continue following a CEO succession?
title: Endocrine Interrelationships During Early Postpartum In St. Croix Sheep
Creators: name: Anderson, Richard Michael
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1990

description: The relationships of estradiol-17-beta, progesterone, and LH in the early postpartum St. Croix ewe were monitored during the breeding season in 1988. A second group of non-postpartum, ovariectomized St. Croix ewes were used to determine non-ovarian levels of progesterone for comparison. Results of this study indicate that:
1. The short duration rise in progesterone exhibited by some ewes is indicative of an ovulation.
2. Ewes that do exhibit a short luteal phase prior to the first "normal" luteal phase have a longer period from parturition to the first "normal" luteal phase.
3. Serum levels of LH increase beginning 3 days postpartum.
4. There is a strong relationship between the concentration of estradiol and the exhibition of behavioral estrus in the postpartum ewe.
5. There appears to be a definite but somewhat irregular pulsatile release pattern of estradiol from the follicle of the postpartum ewe.
The ability of the endocrine system of the St. Croix to return to functional levels of production and release during the first 15 days postpartum is likely related to their relatively short postpartum intervals and subsequent pregnancies.
Reconstructing the Neutron-Star Equation of State from Astrophysical Measurements
Creators: name: Ozel, Feryal
name: Psaltis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of matter at ultra-high densities, low temperatures, and with a significant asymmetry between protons and neutrons can be studied exclusively through astrophysical observations of neutron stars. We show that measurements of the masses and radii of neutron stars can lead to tight constraints on the pressure of matter at three fiducial densities, from 1.85 to 7.4 times the density of nuclear saturation, in a manner that is largely model-independent and that captures the key characteristics of the equation of state. We demonstrate that observations with 10% uncertainties of at least three neutron stars can lead to measurements of the pressure at these fiducial densities with an accuracy of 0.11 dex or ~ 30%. Observations of three neutron stars with 5% uncertainties are sufficient to distinguish at a better than 3-sigma confidence level between currently proposed equations of state. In the electromagnetic spectrum, such accurate measurements will become possible for weakly-magnetic neutron stars during thermonuclear flashes and in quiescence with future missions such as the International X-ray Observatory (IXO).
description: published in PRD
title: An Economic Analysis of Watershed Practices: Impact of Grazing on Watershed
Creators: name: Kim, In-Hwan
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1984

description: A theoretical analysis for estimating the social cost and benefits associated with the impact of grazing on rangeland watersheds has been made in this study. A dynamic maximization model is used to derive an optimal utilization of forage by grazing, where forage utilization is treated as a decision variable and the hydrologic outputs of water and sediment are considered as a possible impact resulting from grazing.
A modeling approach to predict the quantities of water runoff and sediment yield from watersheds was employed. A water balance equation and a curve number procedure were used to predict water runoff. For the prediction of soil loss and sediment yields, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE) were utilized. This modeling approach makes it possible to simulate long-term impact of grazing on livestock production, water runoff, and erosion. To integrate these predictions on physical quantities of erosion and runoff into an economic framework, procedures for an economic valuation have been explored and presented. This theoretical analysis deals with the problems associated with watershed practices. It attempts to bridge the gap between the physically based studies and economic analysis. It provides a comprehensive analytic framework to evaluate policy decisions on publicly administered range lands. This analysis could be used to determine the optimal rate of the use of rangeland watersheds by domestic livestock.
Empirical analysis has been undertaken as an application of the methodology outlined in the theoretical analysis. It utilized the outputs generated from a simulation (SPUR) model . The outputs from the simulation with the SPUR hydrology model include water runoff, sediment yields, and livestock gains. These outputs have provided the bas is for a "with" versus "without" analysis common to all cost-benefit analysis. The analysis showed that grazing in a selected area for 50 years yielded a benefit-cost ratio of 1.07. The results of this analysis demonstrated that grazing on rangeland watershed was economically justified even when the impacts of grazing on the watershed were taken into account.
title: Effects of 3, 5, 6-Trichloro-2-Pyridinol on Thyroid Function
Creators: name: Luke, Charles Franklin
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1984

description: 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, when administered in the diet, increases the feed efficiency (the ratio of weight gain to feed consumed) in various species of domestic animals and also appears to be retained in the liver at low concentrations, possibly by binding to a specific macromolecule. Because of its structural similarities to the outer ring of the thyroid hormones, trichloropyridinol and three structural analogs (2,4,5-trichlorophenol, 4-bromo-2,5- dichlorophenol, or 4-i odo-2,5-dichlorophenol) were tested for ability to compete in vitro with 3, 5, 3' -triiodothyronine (T ) for nuclear recept ors specific for the thyroid hor- 3 manes . All four of the halogenated compounds were found to be weakly competitive for the receptor, indicating a passible anti-thyroid effect.
Weanling male rats were fed diets containing 5, 50, and 500 ppm trichloropyridinol for 30, 60, and 90 days. Other groups received a diet containing 200 and 2000 ppm 2-thiouracil, a known thyroid toxicant. Both chemicals significantly reduced serum thyroxine (T4) levels in a dose-related manner. It was of interest that trichloropyridinol was about as levels. potent Serum T3 as thiouracil in suppressing serum T 4 and 3,3'5'-triiodothyronine (rT3) levels were depressed by thiouracil, but generally not with trichloropyridinol. Nuclear T binding capacity was not 3 changed in the liver of rats ingesting trichloropyridinol. Body weight, feed efficiency, and organ weights and histology were not significantly altered by the chronic ingestion of trichl oropyridinol.
In conclusion, the effects trichloropyridinol upon animal growth and feed efficiency may involve various mechanisms surrounding thyroid hormone expression including reduction of serum T4 levels and competition with T3 for the nuclear receptor.
Pour une etude descriptive du style du Charroi de Nimes
Creators: name: Baudouin, Rae Suzanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis is a stylistic study of the 12th Century chanson de geste, Le Charroi de Nîmes. The material presented has been divided into four main chapters. After an introductory chapter, Chapter II considers the composition of the chanson, the interrelation of the laisses. The third examines the assonance of the poem and its possible effect on the syntactic structure of the decasyllable; the fourth groups the formulae of the Charroi de Nîmes according to the motifs which they express. In a final chapter a passage of the chanson is analysed according to the results obtained in the two preceding chapters.