cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cyper Space - Cyber Ethics - Cyber Theology
Creators: name: Borgman, Erik
name: Erp, Stephan Van
name: Haker, Hille
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 41 Nr. 1 (2005): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 41, Heft 1
Deriving stellar inclination of slow rotators using stellar activity
Creators: name: Dumusque, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar inclination is an important parameter for many astrophysical studies. Although different techniques allow us to estimate stellar inclinationt for fast rotators, it becomes much more difficult when stars are rotating slower than $\sim2$-2.5 \kms. By using the new activity simulation SOAP 2.0 that can reproduce the photometric and spectroscopic variations induced by stellar activity, we are able to fit observations of solar-type stars and derive their inclination. For HD189733, we estimate the stellar inclination to be $i=84^{+6}_{-20}$ degrees, which implies a star-planet obliquity of $ψ=4^{+18}_{-4}$ considering previous measurements of the spin-orbit angle. For $α$ Cen B, we derive an inclination of $i=45^{+9}_{-19}$, which implies that the rotational spin of the star is not aligned with the orbital spin of the $α$ Cen binary system. In addition, assuming that $α$ Cen Bb is aligned with its host star, no transit would occur. The inclination of $α$ Cen B can be measured using 40 radial-velocity measurements, which is remarkable given that the projected rotational velocity of the star is smaller than $1.15\,km\,s^{-1}$.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ (this new version includes the 2nd round of the minor referee's comment)
Genome-based peptide fingerprint scanning
Creators: name: Moore, B.
name: Giddings, M. C.
name: Shah, A. A.
name: Gesteland, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: We have implemented a method that identifies the genomic origins of sample proteins by scanning their peptide-mass fingerprint against the theoretical translation and proteolytic digest of an entire genome. Unlike previously reported techniques, this method requires no predefined ORF or protein annotations. Fixed-size windows along the genome sequence are scored by an equation accounting for the number of matching peptides, the number of missed enzymatic cleavages in each peptide, the number of in-frame stop codons within a window, the adjacency between peptides, and duplicate peptide matches. Statistical significance of matching regions is assessed by comparing their scores to scores from windows matching randomly generated mass data. Tests with samples from Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondria and Escherichia coli have demonstrated the ability to produce statistically significant identifications, agreeing with two commonly used programs, peptident and mascot, in 86% of samples analyzed. This genome fingerprint scanning method has the potential to aid in genome annotation, identify proteins for which annotation is incorrect or missing, and handle cases where sequencing errors have caused framing mistakes in the databases. It might also aid in the identification of proteins in which recoding events such as frameshifting or stop-codon read-through have occurred, elucidating alternative translation mechanisms. The prototype is implemented as a client/server pair, allowing the distribution, among a set of cluster nodes, of a single or multiple genomes for concurrent analysis.
"lemme get uhhhhh froot": Internet memes for consciousness-raising in Aotearoa's Bird of the Year conservation campaign
Creators: name: Fraser, Gloria
name: Grattan, Fiona
name: Shaw, Jessica
name: Hedley, Sophie
name: McLeod, Kate E
name: Robinson, Kealagh
name: Ward, Pauline J
name: Tennent, Emma
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: No description supplied
Genomewide demarcation of RNA polymerase II transcription units revealed by physical fractionation of chromatin
Creators: name: Lieb, J. D.
name: Cleary, M. L.
name: Brown, P. O.
name: Nagy, P. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Epigenetic modifications of chromatin serve an important role in regulating the expression and accessibility of genomic DNA. We report here a genomewide approach for fractionating yeast chromatin into two functionally distinct parts, one containing RNA polymerase II transcribed sequences, and the other comprising noncoding sequences and genes transcribed by RNA polymerases I and III. Noncoding regions could be further fractionated into promoters and segments lacking promoters. The observed separations were apparently based on differential crosslinking efficiency of chromatin in different genomic regions. The results reveal a genomewide molecular mechanism for marking promoters and genomic regions that have a license to be transcribed by RNA polymerase II, a previously unrecognized level of genomic complexity that may exist in all eukaryotes. Our approach has broad potential use as a tool for genome annotation and for the characterization of global changes in chromatin structure that accompany different genetic, environmental, and disease states.
Low frequency noise peak near magnon emission energy in magnetic tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Liu, Liang
name: Xiang, Li
name: Guo, Huiqiang
name: Wei, Jian
name: Li, D. L.
name: Yuan, Z. H.
name: Feng, J. F.
name: Han, X. F.
name: Coey, J. M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the low frequency (LF) noise measurements in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) below 4 K and at low bias, where the transport is strongly affected by scattering with magnons emitted by hot tunnelling electrons, as thermal activation of magnons from the environment is suppressed. For both CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB and CoFeB/AlO$_{x}$/CoFeB MTJs, enhanced LF noise is observed at bias voltage around magnon emission energy, forming a peak in the bias dependence of noise power spectra density, independent of magnetic configurations. The noise peak is much higher and broader for unannealed AlO$_{x}$-based MTJ, and besides Lorentzian shape noise spectra in the frequency domain, random telegraph noise (RTN) is visible in the time traces. During repeated measurements the noise peak reduces and the RTN becomes difficult to resolve, suggesting defects being annealed. The Lorentzian shape noise spectra can be fitted with bias-dependent activation of RTN, with the attempt frequency in the MHz range, consistent with magnon dynamics. These findings suggest magnon-assisted activation of defects as the origin of the enhanced LF noise.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Integrating regulatory motif discovery and genome-wide expression analysis
Creators: name: Liu, X. S.
name: Liu, J. S.
name: Conlon, E. M.
name: Lieb, J. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: We propose motif regressor for discovering sequence motifs upstream of genes that undergo expression changes in a given condition. The method combines the advantages of matrix-based motif finding and oligomer motif-expression regression analysis, resulting in high sensitivity and specificity. motif regressor is particularly effective in discovering expression-mediating motifs of medium to long width with multiple degenerate positions. When applied to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, motif regressor identified the ROX1 and YAP1 motifs from Rox1p and Yap1p overexpression experiments, respectively; predicted that Gcn4p may have increased activity in YAP1 deletion mutants; reported a group of motifs (including GCN4, PHO4, MET4, STRE, USR1, RAP1, M3A, and M3B) that may mediate the transcriptional response to amino acid starvation; and found all of the known cell-cycle regulation motifs from 18 expression microarrays over two cell cycles.
Effects of global change drivers on the susceptibility of wild plants to pathogenic diseases
Creators: name: Nadeem, Syeda Aiman
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Ongoing human activities are causing major global environmental changes (e.g., warming, nutrient enrichment, and shifts in precipitation levels), which are negatively affecting the structure and functioning of Earth’s ecosystems. These environmental changes have been shown to intensify or weaken plant-pathogen interactions and the extent of diseases they cause. To date, however, a comprehensive quantitative synthesis of the effects of major global environmental changes on plant-pathogen interactions is still lacking. Here, we are evaluating the effects of nutrient enrichment, warming, drought, and major global environmental changes on the susceptibility and severity of diseases caused by plant pathogens. To date, we have compiled data of 183 cases of study from 18 papers and performed a meta-analysis of the effects of nutrient enrichment, warming, and drought, on wild-plant diseases caused by a variety of pathogens including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Insights from this meta-analysis may help better predict how anthropogenic changes may be driving the prevalence of these plant-pathogen interactions. Understanding how global change drivers affect plant-pathogen interactions is crucial to better predict the outcome of infectious plant diseases and to improve our ability to mitigate their effects.
Loading of the human 9-1-1 checkpoint complex onto DNA by the checkpoint clamp loader hRad17-replication factor C complex in vitro
Creators: name: Cesare, A. J.
name: Griffith, J. D.
name: Bermudez, V. P.
name: Lindsey-Boltz, L. A.
name: Maniwa, Y.
name: Hurwitz, J.
name: Sancar, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The human DNA damage sensors, Rad17-replication factor C (Rad17-RFC) and the Rad9-Rad1-Hus1 (9-1-1) checkpoint complex, are thought to be involved in the early steps of the DNA damage checkpoint response. Rad17-RFC and the 9-1-1 complex have been shown to be structurally similar to the replication factors, RFC clamp loader and proliferating cell nuclear antigen polymerase clamp, respectively. Here, we demonstrate functional similarities between the replication and checkpoint clamp loader/DNA clamp pairs. When all eight subunits of the two checkpoint complexes are coexpressed in insect cells, a stable Rad17-RFC/9-1-1 checkpoint supercomplex forms in vivo and is readily purified. The two individually purified checkpoint complexes also form a supercomplex in vitro, which depends on ATP and is mediated by interactions between Rad17 and Rad9. Rad17-RFC binds to nicked circular, gapped, and primed DNA and recruits the 9-1-1 complex in an ATP-dependent manner. Electron microscopic analyses of the reaction products indicate that the 9-1-1 ring is clamped around the DNA.
Myocardin is a master regulator of smooth muscle gene expression
Creators: name: Olson, E. N.
name: Pipes, G. C. T.
name: Wang, Z.
name: Wang, D.-Z.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Virtually all smooth muscle genes analyzed to date contain two or more essential binding sites for serum response factor (SRF) in their control regions. Because SRF is expressed in a wide range of cell types, it alone cannot account for smooth muscle-specific gene expression. We show that myocardin, a cardiac muscle- and smooth muscle-specific transcriptional coactivator of SRF, can activate smooth muscle gene expression in a variety of nonmuscle cell types via its association with SRF. Homodimerization of myocardin is required for maximal transcriptional activity and provides a mechanism for cooperative activation of smooth muscle genes by SRF–myocardin complexes bound to different SRF binding sites. These findings identify myocardin as a master regulator of smooth muscle gene expression and explain how SRF conveys smooth muscle specificity to its target genes.
A Genetic Programming Approach to Automatically Construct Informative Attributes for Mammographic Density Classification
Creators: name: Ain, QUI
name: Xue, Bing
name: Al-Sahaf, Harith
name: Zhang, Mengjie
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Breast density is widely used as an initial indicator of developing breast cancer. At present, current classification methods for mammographic density usually require manual operations or expert knowledge that makes them expensive in real-time situations. Such methods achieve only moderate classification accuracy due to the limited model capacity and computational resources. In addition, most existing studies focus on improving classification accuracy using only raw images or the entire set of original attributes and remain unable to identify hidden patterns or causal information necessary to discriminate breast density classes. It is challenging to find high-quality knowledge when some attributes defining the data space are redundant or irrelevant. In this study, we present a novel attribute construction method using genetic programming (GP) for the task of breast density classification. To extract informative features from the raw mammographic images, wavelet decomposition, local binary patterns, and histogram of oriented gradients are utilized to include texture, local and global image properties. The study evaluates the goodness of the proposed method on two benchmark real-world mammographic image datasets and compares the results of the proposed GP method with eight conventional classification methods. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method significantly outperforms most of the commonly used classification methods in binary and multi-class classification tasks. Furthermore, the study shows the potential of G P for mammographic breast density classification by interpreting evolved attributes that highlight important breast density characteristics.
title: L'intégration professionnelle, une identité en développement pour l'ergothérapie ?
title: point de vue des ergothérapeutes indépendantes de Suisse romande et pistes de développement en faveur de leur visibilité
titleType: Subtitle
title: L'intégration professionnelle, une identité en développement pour l'ergothérapie ?
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schmäh, Lisa
name: Schmutz, Sophie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Intégration professionnelle
subject: Ergothérapie
subject: Pratique indépendante
subject: Suisse romande

description: Introduction. En Suisse, le travail fait partie intégrante de la construction identitaire des citoyens, il occupe ainsi une place centrale dans les occupations de la personne. L’intégration professionnelle (IP) est au cœur d’un contexte tridimensionnel : économique, politique sociale et psychosocial. C’est pourquoi, à la suite des révisons de la Loi sur l’assurance-invalidité (LAI) en 2008, puis en 2012, l’IP a pris un nouveau tournant. Ces nouvelles perspectives donnent l’occasion à l’ergothérapie de défendre une identité professionnelle. Alors que la littérature reconnaît les compétences et le potentiel des ergothérapeutes au sein du processus d’IP, les moyens mis à disposition pour affirmer leur visibilité restent à développer.Buts. Ce travail vise à identifier les raisons pour lesquelles les ergothérapeutes indépendantes sont peu visibles au niveau de l’IP en Suisse romande. Un premier volet identifie les éventuels facteurs limitant et ceux favorisant leur engagement dans ce domaine. Le second explore leur ressenti et leurs expériences professionnelles. Enfin, des pistes d’amélioration de leur visibilité sont discutées afin d’affirmer cette identité professionnelle. Méthode. Cette étude a été réalisée grâce à une méthodologie de type mixte, avec un devis séquentiel explicatif. Un questionnaire en ligne a été distribué aux ergothérapeutes indépendantes de Suisse romande que nous avons recensées en triant la liste produite par l’Association suisse des ergothérapeutes (ASE). Un focus groupe a été mené avec des ergothérapeutes indépendantes de différents cantons romands.Résultats. L’analyse de la phase quantitative a permis de mettre en lumière les obstacles à l’engagement des ergothérapeutes dans le domaine de l’IP et de présenter un état des lieux de la pratique indépendante. Les résultats de la phase qualitative confirment les freins relevés durant la phase quantitative. L’entier des freins à la visibilité ainsi que des éléments facilitant, recensés durant l’étude, y sont présentés. Finalement, nous exposons les pistes de soutien à la visibilité élaborées avec les participantes. Discussion/conclusion. Ce travail révèle la complexité de l’IP en Suisse. Des pistes de développement en faveur de la visibilité des ergothérapeutes indépendantes dans le domaine sont approfondies. Celles-ci mettent en lumière des questions critiques quant à la redistribution des rôles et à la promotion de la profession. [Résumé des auteures]
Synchronization and collective motion of globally coupled Brownian particles
Creators: name: Sevilla, Francisco J.
name: Dossetti, Victor
name: Heiblum-Robles, Alexandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study a system of passive Brownian (non-self-propelled) particles in two dimensions, interacting only through a social-like force (velocity alignment in this case) that resembles Kuramoto's coupling among phase oscillators. We show that the kinematical stationary states of the system go from a phase in thermal equilibrium with no net flux of particles, to far-from-equilibrium phases exhibiting collective motion by increasing the coupling among particles. The mechanism that leads to the instability of the equilibrium phase relies on the competition between two time scales, namely, the mean collision time of the Brownian particles in a thermal bath and the time it takes for a particle to orient its direction of motion along the direction of motion of the group.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, added references for section 1, revised argument in sections 2 and 3
Neuregulin 1-erbB2 signaling is required for the establishment of radial glia and their transformation into astrocytes in cerebral cortex
Creators: name: Anton, E. S.
name: Sestan, N.
name: McGrath, B.
name: Boyles, B.
name: Berechid, B. E.
name: Marchionni, M.
name: Schmid, R. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Radial glial cells and astrocytes function to support the construction and maintenance, respectively, of the cerebral cortex. However, the mechanisms that determine how radial glial cells are established, maintained, and transformed into astrocytes in the cerebral cortex are not well understood. Here, we show that neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) exerts a critical role in the establishment of radial glial cells. Radial glial cell generation is significantly impaired in NRG mutants, and this defect can be rescued by exogenous NRG-1. Down-regulation of expression and activity of erbB2, a member of the NRG-1 receptor complex, leads to the transformation of radial glial cells into astrocytes. Reintroduction of erbB2 transforms astrocytes into radial glia. The activated form of the Notch1 receptor, which promotes the radial glial phenotype, activates the erbB2 promoter in radial glial cells. These results suggest that developmental changes in NRG-1–erbB2 interactions modulate the establishment of radial glia and contribute to their appropriate transformation into astrocytes.
title: Création d’un moyen d’évaluation continue mesurant la satisfaction des personnes proches aidantes ayant participé au programme PAuSES
title: Création d’un moyen d’évaluation continue mesurant la satisfaction des personnes proches aidantes ayant participé au programme PAuSES
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Derivaz, Lorraine
name: Gentizon, Estelle
name: Margueron, Lydie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Evaluation continue
subject: Proches aidant-e-s
subject: Service communautaire
subject: Questionnaire
subject: Satisfaction

description: Contexte: Afin de prévenir l’épuisement des personnes proches aidantes (PPA), de consolider l’aide et le soutien offerts ainsi que d’adapter les prestations des professionnel·le·s de la santé aux besoins des PPA, trois Hautes écoles spécialisées de Suisse occidentale ont créé un programme de soutien aux PPA qui s’intitule «Proche·s Aidant·e·s : Un Service des Étudiant·e·s de la Santé (PAuSES)». Le programme PAuSES a déjà été évalué et pérennisé, cependant, il ne possède pas encore de démarche d’évaluation continue. But : Le but général de cette étude est de créer un moyen d’évaluation continue structurée dans le cadre de PAuSES, accessible aux PPA ayant participé à ce programme. Cette étude vise à déterminer, auprès des responsables du programme, quelles sont leurs attentes quant à une évaluation continue de PAuSES, à explorer une méthode d’évaluation de données adaptée aux PPA participant à PAuSES et finalement à créer un moyen spécifique pour mesurer la satisfaction des PPA dans le programme, découlant d’une méthode d’évaluation de données. Méthodologie : La méthodologie de ce travail est divisée en trois phases principales. La phase 1 correspond à la définition du contenu et du choix du moyen d’évaluation. Pour ce faire, une synthèse des écrits est réalisée sur la situation des PPA en Suisse romande, sur les potentiels moyens d’évaluation et sur ce qui est à évaluer. Un entretien consultatif auprès des responsables actuel·le·s de PAuSES est également réalisé. La phase 2 est la constitution du moyen d’évaluation continue. Une synthèse des écrits sur la manière de créer ledit moyen est effectuée pour passer à l'élaboration de ce dernier. La phase 3 correspond aux pré-tests auprès de deux PPA qui ont participé au programme et à la soumission du moyen d’évaluation continue à une critique des responsables de PAuSES. Résultats : Les pré-tests et la critique des responsables sur le questionnaire ont permis de constater que ce questionnaire possède une bonne base, compréhensible et pertinente, il offre une utilisation simple et rapide. Certaines modifications restent à apporter l’optimiser possible afin qu’il soit mis à disposition du service PAuSES. Conclusion : Le développement des connaissances sur les moyens d’évaluation, le concept de satisfaction ainsi que les personnes proches aidantes ont permis la création d’un questionnaire de satisfaction continue pour le programme PAuSES. Suite aux pré-tests, des corrections restent à effectuer ainsi qu’une analyse de ses qualités psychométriques. [Résumé des auteures]
Origin-specific unwinding of herpes simplex virus 1 DNA by the viral UL9 and ICP8 proteins: Visualization of a specific preunwinding complex
Creators: name: Lee, S. S.- K.
name: Griffith, J. D.
name: Lehman, I. R.
name: Makhov, A. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Herpes simplex virus 1 contains three origins of replication; two copies of oriS and one of a similar sequence, oriL. Here, the combined action of multiple factors known or thought to influence the opening of oriS are examined. These include the viral origin-binding protein, UL9, and single-strand binding protein ICP8, host cell topoisomerase I, and superhelicity of the DNA template. By using electron microscopy, it was observed that when ICP8 and UL9 proteins were added together to oriS-containing supertwisted DNA, a discrete preunwinding complex was formed at oriS on 40% of the molecules, which was shown by double immunolabeling electron microscopy to contain both proteins. This complex was relatively stable to extreme dilution. Addition of ATP led to the efficient unwinding of ≈50% of the DNA templates. Unwinding proceeded until the acquisition of a high level of positive supertwists in the remaining duplex DNA inhibited further unwinding. Addition of topoisomerase I allowed further unwinding, opening >1 kb of DNA around oriS.
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: UNRAVELING VANISHING POINT AND CALIBRATING TINY OBJECTS FOR SEMANTIC SCENE COMPLETION
Publisher: name: IEEE Signal Processing Society
Year: 2025

description: Semantic Scene Completion (SSC) aims to jointly predict semantic categories and 3D occupancy of a scene from coarse inputs, which is crucial for providing reliable perception in autonomous driving. In this paper, we enhance existing SSC models by unveiling the vanishing point region, specifically addressing challenges posed by tiny objects and voxels distant from the monocular camera. At the core of our method, we propose the Vanishing Point Aggregator (VPA) to prioritize features in high-density central areas. The proposed VPA seamlessly integrates the Vanishing Point Query (VPQ) with the vanilla instance query via a cross-attention fusion mechanism to refine feature representation. To evaluate the effectiveness of our method, we conduct comprehensive experiments on two standard SSC benchmarks and demonstrate that our method achieves SOTA performance. Our approach significantly improves the performance across various semantic classes, including a notable gain of 0.37 mIoU on SemanticKITTI and 0.5 mIoU on SSCBench-KITTI-360 for tiny objects. Ablation studies further validate the efficacy of our innovative query fusion strategy, showcasing its capability in long-range predictions for SSC tasks.
Combined Impact of Asymmetric Critical Current and Flux Diverters on AC Loss of a 6.5 MVA/25 kV HTS Traction Transformer
Creators: name: Wu, Yue
name: Song, W
name: Wimbush, Stuart
name: Fang, J
name: Badcock, Rodney
name: Long, Nicholas
name: Jiang, Zhenan
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A 6.5 MVA/25 kV high temperature superconducting (HTS) transformer for the Chinese Fuxing high-speed train has been proposed to replace the oil-based transformers while achieving higher efficiency, lighter weight, and minimized volume. The high targeted efficiency (> 99%) makes AC loss reduction a vital issue. HTS coated conductors generally exhibit asymmetric critical current characteristics as a function of magnetic field angle Ic(B, θ), leading to a non-trivial influence on the AC loss of coil windings. The fast-computing T-A homogenization method is proposed to calculate the AC loss of the 6.5 MVA/25 kV traction transformer with large turn numbers. The variables, T and A, are the current and magnetic vector potentials, respectively. The AC loss of the transformer windings is analyzed for various coil configurations with and without flux diverters considering Ic(B, θ). At the rated current and 65 K, employing the flux diverters with a square-shape cross-section, the total AC loss is decreased by 73.7% and an extra 150 W loss reduction was also obtained. Moreover, an additional reduction of 37 W is realized upon utilizing the asymmetric Ic(B, θ) characteristic. The reduced 187 W in AC loss at 65 K corresponds to a reduction in ambient power requirement of over 5.6 kW. Therefore, considering asymmetric Ic(B, θ), can lead to a non-trivial reduction in AC loss, even incorporating flux diverters.
Investigation of fluid structure interaction on a flexible cantilevered plate due to shock impingement
Creators: name:  KARTIKA AHUJA
name:  SRISHA RAO MV
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: HYPERSONIC FLOWS
SHOCK BOUNDARY LAYER INTERACTIONS
FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTIONS

description: This study investigates the effect of shock impingement at Mach 6.5 flow on a thin compliant panel. A wedge of a 24.7 degree angle generates a shock wave that impinges on a thin cantilevered panel. This interaction of the shock with the panel produces flow-induced vibrations and aeroelastic coupling between the panel and the flow field. Experiments were conducted on a rigid plate, and a compliant panel, and the results were compared. The compliant panel shows a reduction in the size of the separation bubble. Numerical simulations were performed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying aeroelastic coupling.
Protein kinase C phosphorylation sensitizes but does not activate the capsaicin receptor transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)
Creators: name: Zhu, W.
name: Oxford, G. S.
name: Glauner, K. S.
name: Gereau, R. W.
name: Wang, H.
name: Brasier, D. J.
name: Hu, H.-J.
name: Bhave, G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Protein kinase C (PKC) modulates the function of the capsaicin receptor transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). This modulation manifests as increased current when the channel is activated by capsaicin. In addition, studies have suggested that phosphorylation by PKC might directly gate the channel, because PKC-activating phorbol esters induce TRPV1 currents in the absence of applied ligands. To test whether PKC both modulates and gates the TRPV1 function by direct phosphorylation, we used direct sequencing to determine the major sites of PKC phosphorylation on TRPV1 intracellular domains. We then tested the ability of the PKC-activating phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to potentiate capsaicin-induced currents and to directly gate TRPV1. We found that mutation of S800 to alanine significantly reduced the PMA-induced enhancement of capsaicin-evoked currents and the direct activation of TRPV1 by PMA. Mutation of S502 to alanine reduced PMA enhancement of capsaicin-evoked currents, but had no effect on direct activation of TRPV1 by PMA. Conversely, mutation of T704 to alanine had no effect on PMA enhancement of capsaicin-evoked currents but dramatically reduced direct activation of TRPV1 by PMA. These results, combined with pharmacological studies showing that inactive phorbol esters also weakly activate TRPV1, suggest that PKC-mediated phosphorylation modulates TRPV1 but does not directly gate the channel. Rather, currents induced by phorbol esters result from the combination of a weak direct ligand-like activation of TRPV1 and the phosphorylation-induced enhancement of the TRPV1 function. Furthermore, modulation of the TRPV1 function by PKC appears to involve distinct phosphorylation sites depending on the mechanism of channel activation.
Contribution of Human Hair in Solar UV Transmission in Skin: Implications for Melanoma Development
Creators: name: Huang, Xiyong
name: Protheroe, MD
name: Al-Jumaily, AM
name: Paul, SP
name: Chalmers, AN
name: Wang, S
name: Diwu, J
name: Liu, W
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Melanoma is the deadliest type of skin cancer with its prevalence on the rise. Recently, the melanocyte stem cells in hair follicles have been identified as the possible origin of melanoma upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) through skin. It is hypothesized that colourless vellus hair (predominant in childhood) can serve as an alternative pathway in transmitting these ultraviolet (UV) photons to the stem cells. To investigate this, we have used the CRAIC microspectrophotometer to investigate the optical properties of ‘vellus-like’ hairs and terminal hairs of different colours using UV–VIS–NIR light sources. It was found that the average attenuation coefficient of ‘vellus-like’ hair is significantly lower than that of terminal hair in the UVA (p < 0.0001) and UVB (p < 0.001) wavelength ranges. Next, the optical properties of hairs are applied to simulations for examining their influence on UV transmission into the skin. The results show that the presence of vellus hair would increase the solar UV transmission to the melanocyte stem cell layer significantly. The findings explain why children are particularly vulnerable to sun exposure and the positive correlation found between the incidence of melanoma in adults’ bodies and the number of vellus hairs in these areas.
Repeated observation of breast tumor subtypes in independent gene expression data sets
Creators: name: Sørlie, Therese
name: Lønning, Per E.
name: Demeter, Janos
name: Geisler, Stephanie
name: Marron, J. S.
name: Hastie, Trevor
name: Deng, Shibing
name: Botstein, David
name: Parker, Joel
name: Nobel, Andrew
name: Pesich, Robert
name: Brown, Patrick O.
name: Perou, Charles M.
name: Johnsen, Hilde
name: Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise
name: Tibshirani, Robert
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Characteristic patterns of gene expression measured by DNA microarrays have been used to classify tumors into clinically relevant subgroups. In this study, we have refined the previously defined subtypes of breast tumors that could be distinguished by their distinct patterns of gene expression. A total of 115 malignant breast tumors were analyzed by hierarchical clustering based on patterns of expression of 534 “intrinsic” genes and shown to subdivide into one basal-like, one ERBB2-overexpressing, two luminal-like, and one normal breast tissue-like subgroup. The genes used for classification were selected based on their similar expression levels between pairs of consecutive samples taken from the same tumor separated by 15 weeks of neoadjuvant treatment. Similar cluster analyses of two published, independent data sets representing different patient cohorts from different laboratories, uncovered some of the same breast cancer subtypes. In the one data set that included information on time to development of distant metastasis, subtypes were associated with significant differences in this clinical feature. By including a group of tumors from BRCA1 carriers in the analysis, we found that this genotype predisposes to the basal tumor subtype. Our results strongly support the idea that many of these breast tumor subtypes represent biologically distinct disease entities.
Dissecting the roles of aminopeptidases and aminoacyl tRNA-protein transferases in the N-End rule of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Creators: name: Simpson, Martha Clementine
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2024
Subjects: Enzymology
Protein biochemistry
Aminoacyl tRNA-protein transferase
Leucine aminopeptidase
N-end rule
Post-translational modification
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Protein degradation
Metalloenzyme

description: Bacteria live in dynamic environments. Tight control of proteolysis ensures adaptability, allowing cells to control levels of short-lived or damaged proteins, remodel multisubunit complexes, and propagate signals. Proteins are targeted for degradation by the addition of destabilising signals termed degrons. Degrons may be located internally or terminally, comprising individual residues, peptides, or posttranslational modifications. The N-end rule describes single-residue degrons at the N-terminus, correlating the in vivo half-life of a protein with its N-terminal residue. This rule dictates that bacterial proteins possessing N-terminal leucine or phenylalanine undergo rapid proteolysis. This work focuses on the characterisation of three enzymes from Pseudomonas aeruginosa which add or remove leucine or phenylalanine from N-termini. Leucyl/phenylalanyl-tRNA protein transferase (LFT) and bacterial protein transferase (BPT) conjugate leucine and phenylalanine to substrate N-termini, while leucine/phenylalanine aminopeptidases (LF-APs, including PaPepA) cleave N-terminal leucine and phenylalanine residues. It is not understood whether LF-APs work alongside or competitively with LFT and BPT, or how their peptidase activity is regulated. Furthermore, it is unknown whether the production and activities of LFT, BPT, and PaPepA are regulated by metabolic state, and the mechanisms underpinning their substrate selection are not understood. This work sought to develop methods to identify putative LFT and BPT substrates, to shed light on their substrate selectivity and reveal how these enzymes feed into the wider process of protein degradation. Initial investigation revealed that BPT and LFT can transfer unnatural amino acids (UAAs) which are amenable to click chemistry. This finding was used to detectably tag prospective N-end rule substrates by performing click chemistry experiments on P. aeruginosa lysates. This work also investigated catalysis by a leucyl aminopeptidase, PaPepA, probing its metal ion binding and activation, substrate selection, and catalytic mechanism. The findings presented will facilitate a deeper understanding of metalloenzymes and processive peptidases and proteases in protein homeostasis.
Role of Flux Diverters in Reducing AC Loss in a Single-Phase 6.5 MVA HTS Traction Transformer for Chinese High-Speed Train Carrying High-Order Harmonic Currents
Creators: name: Song, W
name: Jiang, Zhenan
name: Yazdani-Asrami, M
name: Staines, M
name: Badcock, Rodney
name: Fang, J
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The traction transformer is a critical electrical component in high-speed-trains, We are currently building a 6,5 MVA superconducting traction transformer which will increase transformer efficiency to 99%, halve the weight, and avoid the fire risk of the conventional transformer system, AC loss from the transformer windings cannot exceed 2 kW to meet both the efficiency and weight targets, There are significant high frequency harmonics, particularly the $13^{\mathrm {th}}$ harmonic at 650 Hz, on the traction side of the transformer, Our previous work has shown the estimated AC loss in the transformer windings almost doubled with the addition of a 650 Hz harmonic current at the 8% level specified, which is not acceptable, Therefore, it is critical to reduce AC loss in the transformer due to high harmonics, In this study, we explored the role of flux diverters positioned at the outer ends of the high voltage (HV) and low voltage (LV) windings in restraining AC loss in the windings carrying high-order harmonic currents below 2 kW, Five different ring-shaped flux diverter designs were modelled in this work, utilizing the previously developed 2D axisymmetric model using the $H$ formulation, Simulations were carried out to study the influence of the phase of the 13th harmonic, either in phase or out of phase with respect to the fundamental current, and of the inclusion of multiple harmonics on the loss, The simulation results show that placing flux diverters near the end of the windings leads to a magnetic flux distribution in the windings with reduced radial field, and hence significantly reduces the loss, Three of the flux diverter designs achieve the loss target by limiting the AC loss to below 2 kW, with a wide/thin design having the minimum weight and a wide/thick design achieving only 6% less loss, despite being almost four times heavier,
Weak crossed-product orders over valuation rings
Creators: name: Kauta, John S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F30, 16H05, 16E60, 16S35, 16H10

description: Let $F$ be a field, let $V$ be a valuation ring of $F$ of arbitrary Krull dimension (rank), let $K$ be a finite Galois extension of $F$ with group $G$, and let $S$ be the integral closure of $V$ in $K$. Let $f:G\times G\mapsto K\setminus \{0\}$ be a normalized two-cocycle such that $f(G\times G)\subseteq S\setminus \{0\}$, but we do not require that $f$ should take values in the group of multiplicative units of $S$. One can construct a crossed-product $V$-order $A_f=\sum_{σ\in G}Sx_σ$ with multiplication given by $x_σsx_τ=σ(s)f(σ,τ)x_{στ}$ for $s\in S$, $σ,τ\in G$. We characterize semihereditary and Dubrovin crossed-product orders, under mild valuation-theoretic assumptions placed on the nature of the extension $K/F$.
An Experimental Setup for the Performance Analysis of Low-Power Hollow Cathodes at High Applied Magnetic Field Strengths
Creators: name:  JAKOB BALKENHOHL
name:   NICHOLAS RATTENBURY
name:   JOHN CATER
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: HOLLOW CATHODES
PLASMA DIAGNOSTICS
APPLIED-FIELD MAGNETOPLASMADYNAMIC THRUSTERS
ELECTRIC PROPULSION

description: As part of the development of a low-power applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thruster (AF-MPDT) in New Zealand, an experimental test facility has been designed and commissioned at the Te Panaha Atea Space Institute in Auckland for the performance analysis of thermionic emission hollow cathodes at high applied axial magnetic field strengths. This work gives an overview of this apparatus and its different subsystems. The design and development of the magnet and plasma diagnostics subsystems are discussed in greater detail. Finally, the results of first cathode plasma discharge tests as well as future test plans are presented.
Role of human Pso4 in mammalian DNA repair and association with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase
Creators: name: Mahajan, K. N.
name: Mitchell, B. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT; EC 2.7.7.31) adds nucleotides to DNA ends generated during V(D)J recombination that are subsequently processed by proteins involved in general double-strand break (DSB) repair pathways. We report an association between TdT and a 55-kDa protein in lymphoid cells. This protein, identified as hPso4, is a homolog of the protein encoded by the PS04/PRP19 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that has pleiotropic functions in DNA recombination and error-prone repair. Purified hPso4 binds double-stranded DNA in a sequence-nonspecific manner but does not bind single-stranded DNA. hPso4 protein is induced 15- to 30-fold in cells by γ radiation and chemical mutagens but not by UV treatment. Loss of hPso4 expression induced by siRNA results in accumulation of DSBs, apoptosis, and decreased cell survival after DNA damage. We conclude that hPso4 plays a major and previously undefined role in mammalian DNA DSB repair.
Duality and enhancement of symmetry in 5d gauge theories
Creators: name: Zafrir, Gabi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study various cases of dualities between $\cal{N}$$=1$ 5d supersymmetric gauge theories. We motivate the dualities using brane webs, and provide evidence for them by comparing the superconformal index. In many cases we find that the classical global symmetry is enhanced by instantons to a larger group including one where the enhancement is to the exceptional group $G_2$.
description: 38 pages, 19 figures, reference added, minor revisions
In pursuit of happiness in a multicultural society: the case of medium density towns in Aotearoa-New Zealand
Creators: name: Dijkwel, Fiona
name: McIntosh, jacqueline
name: Marques, Bruno
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 120107 Landscape Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified
subject: 120508 Urban Design
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: The increased focus on mental health and well-being in the past few decades has brought renewed attention to our urban environments, where more than half of the world’s population live. Happiness in cities, often measured by tourist dollars or a city’s ability to recruit and retain skilled professionals or estimates of general satisfaction and wellbeing, has fostered a competitive nature between cities. Helsinki (Finland), Aarhus (Denmark), and Wellington (New Zealand) are internationally recognised, ranking as the top three happiest cities in the world according to the World Happiness Report of 2020. However, a close examination of the Happiness Report, the manner in which data is captured and the congruencies between the top cities raises questions about the ability of a second-tier city to ever rank highly. This research investigates the section of the report that addresses the design of cities and compares it with the literature on those elements of the built form that can improve the happiness of city residents. After extracting the key elements of urban design for a happy city, it then uses these constructs to examine a second-tier city in New Zealand and uses the example of an unhappy city to illuminate improvements that might make it happier. The research finds some alignment with the Happy City predicates but also finds sufficient additional complexity in second-tier cities to warrant a set of independent measures.
Shade is the Drosophila P450 enzyme that mediates the hydroxylation of ecdysone to the steroid insect molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone
Creators: name: Gilbert, L. I.
name: Marques, G.
name: O'Connor, M. B.
name: Parvy, J.-P.
name: Li, Y.
name: Petryk, A.
name: Jarcho, M. P.
name: Dauphin-Villemant, C.
name: Warren, J. T.
name: Kahler, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The steroid 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) is the primary regulatory hormone that mediates developmental transitions in insects and other arthropods. 20E is produced from ecdysone (E) by the action of a P450 monooxygenase that hydroxylates E at carbon 20. The gene coding for this key enzyme of ecdysteroidogenesis has not been identified definitively in any insect. We show here that the Drosophila E-20-monooxygenase (E20MO) is the product of the shade (shd) locus (cytochrome p450, CYP314a1). When shd is transfected into Drosophila S2 cells, extensive conversion of E to 20E is observed, whereas in sorted homozygous shd embryos, no E20MO activity is apparent either in vivo or in vitro. Mutations in shd lead to severe disruptions in late embryonic morphogenesis and exhibit phenotypes identical to those seen in disembodied (dib) and shadow (sad) mutants, two other genes of the Halloween class that code for P450 enzymes that catalyze the final two steps in the synthesis of E from 2,22-dideoxyecdysone. Unlike dib and sad, shd is not expressed in the ring gland but is expressed in peripheral tissues such as the epidermis, midgut, Malpighian tubules, and fat body, i.e., tissues known to be major sites of E20MO activity in a variety of insects. However, the tissue in which shd is expressed does not appear to be important for developmental function because misexpression of shd in the embryonic mesoderm instead of the epidermis, the normal embryonic tissue in which shd is expressed, rescues embryonic lethality.
Social representations of money: Contrast between citizens andlocal complementary currency members
Creators: name: Tichit, Ariane
Publisher: name: International Journal of Community Currency Research (IJCCR)
Year: 2019
Subjects: social representations of money
survey data
Abric method
complementary currencies

description: This article analyses the social representations of money from surveydata. More specifically, it tests how organizers of a complementarycurrency system have a distinct perception of money compared to othercitizens. The main results confirm the existence of significantdifferences between the two groups. The structure of theirrepresentations shows that for the local currency members money isless tied to official institutions, to the symbol of the sovereignState, to labour and to wages than for the representative populationsegment. This confirms a number of theoretical studies that see thesesocial innovations as forms of protest against the standard system,questioning the sovereign State currency and close to the concept ofunconditional income. Local currencies, through the different socialrepresentations of money they contain, could well be drivers ofsocietal change.