cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor biased agonism and its functional consequences in type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Jones, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is released by the intestine in response to food ingestion, and plays a key role in postprandial metabolism. Furthermore, pharmacological GLP-1 receptor agonists are an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes, as they stimulate pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin, and increase insulin sensitivity via weight loss. GLP-1R activation is coupled to insulin secretion via cyclic AMP generation. However, recent evidence suggests an important additional role of non-canonical pathways such as recruitment of β-arrestins, which can act as protein scaffolds to coordinate activation of other signalling proteins. Paradoxically, arrestin recruitment may negatively modulate signalling by inducing receptor desensitisation and sequestration from the plasma membrane, although this has not yet been demonstrated for the GLP- 1R. Biased agonism is a new concept in pharmacology, defined by differential activation of divergent signalling pathways from the same receptor by different agonists. In this project, peptide agonists based on GLP-1 and its homologue exendin-4, but with a variety of substitutions close to the peptide N-terminal region, were designed and tested for biased signalling between cAMP generation and β- arrestin recruitment. To determine the downstream consequences of bias, selected agonists were tested for insulin secretion in vitro using INS-1 832/3 cells and human islets. Despite an important role for β-arrestin recruitment in insulin secretion suggested by the literature, agonists with minimal β- arrestin recruitment were considerably more insulinotropic than those with robust arrestin responses. This was due to reduced GLP-1R desensitisation. When tested in high-fat, high-sucrose fed mice, a rodent model of type 2 diabetes, agonists with minimal arrestin recruitment were more effective than exendin-4 at preventing hyperglycaemia. Surprisingly, appetite suppression with biased peptides was unaltered, suggesting that these compounds might achieve glycaemic improvements without concomitant increases in nausea. As such, biased agonists targeting the GLP-1R may represent a therapeutic advance in type 2 diabetes treatment.
Synthesis and functionalisation of biocompatible magnetic nanomaterials
Creators: name: Luongo, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: The field of nanotechnologies for biological applications has recently experienced a rapid advance in the status of research. In particular, nanostructures have demonstrated their utility as a tool to obtain a direct interaction with cells. Applications of nanoparticles range from magnetic resonance imaging to drug delivery and hyperthermia treatments in which it is possible to act in a localised area of the body. In this thesis, we present a functionalization strategy that is sufficiently powerful to enable the use of highly ferromagnetic nanostructures in biological applications. We provide a protocol to prevent the aggregation of magnetic nanostructures such as nanoparticles and nanowires. The same protocol facilitates the nanostructure functionalization with molecules that make it possible to target and link biological structures for applications such as cell killing, cell separation or MRI contrast agent. Nanostructures of 2 different geometries (i.e. nanoparticles and nanowires) have been used, i.e. nanoparticles were used as a development model for the polymer stabilisation strategy used to stabilise nanowires. Up to 70 % of the nanoparticles could be individualised by poly(2-methacryloyloxyethil phosphorylcholine) coating, whereas most of the non-functionalised nanoparticles (≈60%) formed multiple clusters. Inclusion of clickable moieties in the polymeric corona made it possible to functionalise the nanoparticles surface with fluorescent dyes (≈ 4 dyes/nanoparticle). With this developed coating strategy it was possible to stabilise 2 different systems of nanostructures with non-spherical symmetry and higher magnetic moments. Additionally, this thesis work produced a study on the synthesis and properties of a promising nanostructure geometry, i.e. nanowires. HTC 116 colon cancer incubated with functionalised nanowires at 2 different concentrations (5 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml) retained a good cell viability. Cells incubated with 10mg/ml functionalised nanowires retained almost 90% cell survival after 16 hours (p < 0.05) whereas the cell survival fell by ≈30% (p < 0.05) for cells incubated with non-functionalised nanowires.
title: ADCO, Ordre cistercien : comptes (1499-1515) (11 H 1162), f. 00056
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Ordre cistercien : comptes (1499-1515), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1162). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Ordre cistercien : comptes (1499-1515), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1162), f. 00056, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Small Groups of Galaxies: a Clue to a Critical Universe
Creators: name: Governato, Fabio
name: Tozzi, Paolo
name: Cavaliere, Alfonso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation and the evolution of galaxy groups in a critical universe, showing the importance of secondary infall for their dynamical evolution. Merging is only slightly accelerated if galaxies have massive halos, because the mass initially associated to the individual galaxies is soon tidally stripped. Stripping is particularly effective for infalling galaxies, which thus avoid merging. We find that, as a rule, merging is effectively terminated when infall becomes dominant. We look for compact groups in our ensemble of simulations, and compare their statistical properties with Hickson's compact groups. We then discuss in terms of the Press & Schechter formalism the statistics of such groups and their evolution in different cosmological scenarios. We show that compact group formation is an ongoing and frequent process in a critical universe. Our model reconciles the contradiction between the observed absence of young merger remnants and the high rate of galaxy interactions expected in compact groups. In open universes, instead, earlier formation of groups and suppression of secondary infall makes it more unlikely that compact groups survive as such until the present. We conclude that the existence of dense and dynamically young groups of galaxies like HCGs points towards a high-density universe.
description: 15 pages + 7 figures, accepted by the Astrophysical Journal. AASTEX format, tarred, compressed and uuencoded Postscript
Additional file 5: of Genomic characterization of three novel Basilisk-like phages infecting Bacillus anthracis
Creators: name: J. Farlow
name: D. Bolkvadze
name: L. Leshkasheli
name: I. Kusradze
name: A. Kotorashvili
name: N. Kotaria
name: N. Balarjishvili
name: L. Kvachadze
name: M. Nikolich
name: M. Kutateladze
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S9. Title of data: Predicted transmembrane helix domains (TMH) in the BLP TMPs Description of data: Predicted location and orientation of transmembrane helices in the TMP proteins of the BLPs, A) position of the predicted TMH domain, B) expanded view of (TMH) domain. (PDF 48 kb)
Broad-scale phylogenomics reveals insights into retroviral origin and gammaretrovirus-host evolution
Creators: name: Yu, Ling-Shan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: The Retroviridae is a family of single-stranded positive-sense animal viruses united by a unique mechanism of replication. Numerous studies have demonstrated the host diversity and host–retrovirus evolutionary history of the Retroviridae. However, in the past it has been difficult to gain a deeper understanding owing to the lack of sufficient host genomic data. Recent advances in whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics technologies have enabled the collection of high-quality vertebrate genomic data. Broad-scale in silico screening of vertebrate genomes provides numerous opportunities to analyse retroviral origin and evaluate the risks and limitations of horizontal transmissions between different host species. In Chapters 2 and 3, I expand our current understanding of retroviral diversity in lower vertebrates and identify the host range boundary of the Retroviridae. I report the discovery of a basal retrovirus within the genome of the lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). No retroviruses were identified within other basal chordates, such as hagfishes, molluscs and sponges. This suggests that members of the Retroviridae are restricted to the lamprey and other phylogenetically higher vertebrates, and the host range boundary of this virus family has been potentially identified. In addition, this study identified extensive retroviral diversity in the basal vertebrates. The phylogenetic results show that at least three independent invasions have occurred in cartilaginous fish and the coelacanth. In Chapter 4, I investigate the gammaretroviral diversity and evolutionary history of mammalian genomes by combining the data of viral hosts and viral sequences. The study provides insights into the retrovirus–host evolution history. Six horizontal transmission hotspots have been identified, and rodents are suggested to be the major retroviral reservoir of type II gammaretroviruses. In addition, by mapping host species onto viral phylogenies, it is shown that cross-species horizontal transmissions of gammaretroviruses are frequent between closely related species.
Solution to a collisionless shallow-angle magnetic presheath with kinetic ions
Creators: name: Geraldini, Alessandro
name: Parra, Felix I.
name: Militello, Fulvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a kinetic model for the ions and adiabatic electrons, we solve a steady state, electron-repelling magnetic presheath in which a uniform magnetic field makes a small angle $α\ll 1$ (in radians) with the wall. The presheath characteristic thickness is the typical ion gyroradius $ρ_{\text{i}}$. The Debye length $λ_{\text{D}}$ and the collisional mean free path of an ion $λ_{\text{mfp}}$ satisfy the ordering $λ_{\text{D}} \ll ρ_{\text{i}} \ll αλ_{\text{mfp}}$, so a quasineutral and collisionless model is used. We assume that the electrostatic potential is a function only of distance from the wall, and it varies over the scale $ρ_{\text{i}}$. Using the expansion in $α\ll 1$, we derive an analytical expression for the ion density that only depends on the ion distribution function at the entrance of the magnetic presheath and the electrostatic potential profile. Importantly, we have added the crucial contribution of the orbits in the region near the wall. By imposing the quasineutrality equation, we derive a condition that the ion distribution function must satisfy at the magnetic presheath entrance --- the kinetic equivalent of the Chodura condition. Using an ion distribution function at the entrance of the magnetic presheath that satisfies the kinetic Chodura condition, we find numerical solutions for the self-consistent electrostatic potential, ion density and flow across the magnetic presheath for several values of $α$. Our numerical results also include the distribution of ion velocities at the Debye sheath entrance. We find that at small values of $α$ there are substantially fewer ions travelling with a large normal component of the velocity into the wall.
description: 69 pages, 20 figures
title: 01_2312
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
A neutrinoless double beta decay master formula from effective field theory
Creators: name: Cirigliano, V.
name: Dekens, W.
name: de Vries, J.
name: Graesser, M. L.
name: Mereghetti, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a master formula describing the neutrinoless-double-beta decay ($0νββ$) rate induced by lepton-number-violating (LNV) operators up to dimension nine in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory. We provide an end-to-end framework connecting the possibly very high LNV scale to the nuclear scale, through a chain of effective field theories. Starting at the electroweak scale, we integrate out the heavy Standard Model degrees of freedom and we match to an $SU(3)_c\otimes U(1)_{\mathrm{em}}$ effective theory. After evolving the resulting effective Lagrangian to the QCD scale, we use chiral perturbation theory to derive the lepton-number-violating chiral Lagrangian. The chiral Lagrangian is used to derive the two-nucleon $0νββ$ transition operators to leading order in the chiral power counting. Based on renormalization arguments we show that in various cases short-range two-nucleon operators need to be enhanced to leading order. We show that all required nuclear matrix elements can be taken from existing calculations. Our final result is a master formula that describes the $0νββ$ rate in terms of phase-space factors, nuclear matrix elements, hadronic low-energy constants, QCD evolution factors, and high-energy LNV Wilson coefficients, including all the interference terms. Our master formula can be easily matched to any model where LNV originates at energy scales above the electroweak scale. As an explicit example, we match our formula to the minimal left-right-symmetric model in which contributions of operators of different dimension compete, and we discuss the resulting phenomenology.
description: Published version
Aspherical Explosion Models for SN 1998bw/GRB 980425
Creators: name: Hoeflich, P.
name: Wheeler, J. C.
name: Wang, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery of the unusual supernova SN1998bw and its apparent correlation with the gamma-ray burst GRB 980425 has raised new issues concerning both the GRB and supernovae. Although the spectra resemble those of TypeIc supernovae, there are distinct differences at early times and SN1998bw appeared to be unusually bright and red at maximum light. The apparent expansion velocities inferred by the Doppler shift of (unidentified) absorption features appeared to be high, making SN1998bw a possible candidate for a "hypernova" with explosion energies between 20 and 50E51 erg and ejecta masses in excess of 6 - 15 M_o. Based on light curve calculations for aspherical explosions and guided by the polarization observations of "normal" SNIc and related events, we present an alternative picture that allows SN1998bw to have an explosion energy and ejecta mass consistent with core collapse supernovae (although at the 'bright' end). We show that the LC of SN1998bw can be understood as result of an aspherical explosion along the rotational axis of a basically spherical, non-degenerate C/O core of massive star with an explosion energy of 2foe and a total ejecta mass of 2 M_o if it is seen from high inclinations with respect to the plane of symmetry. In this model, the high expansion velocities are a direct consequence of an aspherical explosion which, in turn, produces oblate iso-density contours. It suggests that the fundamental core-collapse explosion process itself is strongly asymmetric.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, latex, aas2pp4.sty, submitted to ApJ
Alcohol misuse in sexual health clinics: examining the opportunity and challenges to intervene
Creators: name: Sanatinia, Rahil
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Introduction: Alcohol brief interventions appear to be effective when delivered in emergency medical settings. Clear links between alcohol use and poor sexual health have led to suggestions that this approach should be extended to sexual health clinics. The SHEAR study (Sexual Health and Excessive Alcohol, Randomised trial) examined the effectiveness of brief intervention compared to control treatment over a six month period. In this thesis I explore the process and outcomes of alcohol brief interventions in sexual health clinics in the context of this trial. Methods: I analysed quantitative and qualitative data in a convergent parallel design and used a grounded theory approach to generate a mid-range theory. Results: Over two thirds (68.49%) of those screened were excessive drinkers and those drinking excessively were more likely to have had unprotected sex whilst feeling drunk (difference in proportion = 17.69, [95% CI 13.06 to 21.56], p < 0.001). While 98.8% received Brief Advice, only 20.4% accepted further intervention from an Alcohol Health Worker. The only factor to predict acceptance of the full intervention was reason for attendance, with those presenting for a sexual health check-up being more likely to receive the full intervention (difference in proportion=15.94, [95% CI 3.76 to 26.97], p-value=0.010). Making a ‘link’ between attendance and drinking did not affect people’s willingness for further intervention. I propose the mid-range theory of ‘perpetual appraisal’ which is salient in many professional and personal interactions and helps explain the lack of uptake and effectiveness of alcohol brief intervention when delivered in sexual health clinics. Conclusion: Focus on ‘teachable moment’ to implement alcohol interventions does not suit the sexual health setting. Whilst people attending these clinics generally accept being asked questions about drinking, most do not appreciate the label of ‘excessive drinker’. Targeted interventions in sexual health clinics and more upstream research are warranted.
Additional file 4: of Genomic characterization of three novel Basilisk-like phages infecting Bacillus anthracis
Creators: name: J. Farlow
name: D. Bolkvadze
name: L. Leshkasheli
name: I. Kusradze
name: A. Kotorashvili
name: N. Kotaria
name: N. Balarjishvili
name: L. Kvachadze
name: M. Nikolich
name: M. Kutateladze
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S4. Tape Measure Protein domain content and organization. (A) Physical locations of conserved family domains with the TMPs of the BLPs and near relatives. Boxes designate the three putative domain regions in the BLPs, including the N-terminal phage-related minor tail protein domain (boxÂ 1), peptidase domain (boxÂ 2), and C-terminal domains [3]. a phages v_B-Bak1, v_B-Bak6, v_B-Bak10 possess identical domain architectures, for brevity only v_B-Bak10 is shown here. Expanded views of all domain hits observed for v_B-Bak1, v_B-Bak6, v_B-Bak10, Basilisk are illustrated in (B) and phage PBC4 (C). (PDF 239 kb)
Drizzle: A Method for the Linear Reconstruction of Undersampled Images
Creators: name: Fruchter, A. S.
name: Hook, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a method for the linear reconstruction of an image from undersampled, dithered data. The algorithm, known as Variable-Pixel Linear Reconstruction, or informally as Drizzle, preserves photometry and resolution, can weight input images according to the statistical significance of each pixel, and removes the effects of geometric distortion both on image shape and photometry. This paper presents the method and its implementation. The photometric and astrometric accuracy and image fidelity of the algorithm as well as the noise characteristics of output images are discussed. In addition, we describe the use of drizzling to combine dithered images in the presence of cosmic rays.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in February 2002 PASP. Major changes and much additional material since original submission in 1998
Media content and credit risk: empirical analyses based on credit default swap market
Creators: name: Shi, Yining
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This thesis aims to explore the impact of media content on credit risk by using the Credit Default Swap (CDS) and to investigate the Chinese real estate market. Chapter 1 provides the motivation and a detailed summary of this thesis. Chapter 2 focuses on the impact of government bailout news on systemic risk during the European sovereign debt crisis. A market-based systemic risk measure is proposed. The empirical results suggest that crisis interventions conducted by the European Central Bank (ECB) help to stabilise the financial and sovereign sectors, and the bailout actions from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have a dominant effect on the non-financial sector. Chapter 3 explores the impact of media content on sovereign credit risk by using a news sentiment variable from the Thomson Reuters News Analytics database. The results show that such media tone contains both noise and new information, and has a significant influence on the sovereign CDS returns. Chapter 4 studies the impact of news sentiment on a firm’s credit and equity risks. A firm-specific news sentiment is constructed via performing the linguistic analysis on news articles published by the Wall Street Journal. The equity market shows consistent superior reactions to the media sentiment. Furthermore, the impact of media content concentrates on the U.S. financial crisis period. The empirical findings support explanations related to the investor inattention theory. Chapter 5 shifts the focus to the Chinese real estate market and examines the relationship between credit supply and house prices. The financial deregulation process of China in opening up its local currency business to foreign banks is used to identify the impact of foreign credit. This deregulation expands the household credit supply and increases house prices. Meanwhile, provinces with higher participation rates of foreign banks experience larger house price depreciations during the financial crisis.
title: Prozesskette zur variantenflexiblen Herstellung hybrider Leichtbaustrukturen durch Einsatz umformender, additiver und subtraktiver Fertigungsverfahren (HyLight3D)
Creators: name: Dröder, Klaus
name: David, Martin
name: Droß, Marcel
name: Albergt, Max
name: Kaser, Alfred
name: Rechmann, Fredi
name: Haitschi, Thomas-Martin
name: Schilling, Martin
name: Schilling, Thomas
name: Krach, Norbert
name: Rex, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 621.8
subject: 670

description: Die steigende Nachfrage nach individuell gefertigten Produkten führt zu einer wachsenden Varianten-vielfalt und damit einhergehend zu einer Verringerung der zu fertigenden Losgrößen. Insbesondere die Produktion von Multi-Material-Bauteilen stellt die Industrie vor Herausforderungen, aufgrund der belast-baren Verbindung zwischen artfremden Materialien sowie die zugleich kostengünstige und varianten-flexible Fertigung von kleinen Losgrößen. Das Ziel des Verbundprojektes ist daher die Umsetzung und exemplarische Validierung einer industriell skalierbaren, robotergestützten Prozesskette zur Herstel-lung von Metall-Kunststoff-Bauteilen. Für die Erreichung des Ziels wurden innerhalb des Projektes ver-schiedene Roboterendeffektoren und entsprechende Bahnplanungsansätze entwickelt. Darüber hin-aus standen die Prozessentwicklung der roboterbasierten Fertigung und die experimentelle Erprobung der entwickelten Prozesse im Vordergrund. Auf Basis der Endeffektoren für die metallseitige Oberflächenstrukturierung und dem endkonturnahen Kunststoff-3D-Druck konnte gezeigt werden, dass die in Aluminium eingebrachten Oberflächenstruktu-ren eine zuverlässige Verbindung zwischen Metall und Kunststoff ermöglichen. Für den innerhalb der Prozesskette anschließenden Fräsprozess wurde eine adaptive Spanerfassung entwickelt, welche die Späne prozessnah erfasst und einen Spanerfassungsgrad von bis zu 95% erreicht. Der Fräsprozess wird dabei über die Erfassung der Spindelleistung geregelt, sodass verschiedene Materialien mit zuge-hörigen Parametern (Vorschub, Spindeldrehzahl) bearbeitet werden können. Für die exemplarische Validierung der Prozesskette wurde anhand eines Erlanger Trägers (einer weit-verbreiteten Testgeometrie aus dem Bereich der Automobilindustrie) ein Demonstrator gefertigt sowie eine Machbarkeitsstudie an einem Rahmen einer Kniegelenksprothese (Ottobock) begonnen. Hierzu sind Aluminiumgrundkörper erarbeitet worden, auf welchen automatisiert Strukturen zur Verklamme-rung des aufgedruckten Kunststoffs aufgebracht werden konnten. Abschließend wurde das Metall-Kunststoff-Bauteil spanend in seiner Endkontur definiert. Es ist davon auszugehen, dass die industrielle Anwendung der im Forschungsprojekt untersuchten skalierbaren, robotergestützten Prozesskette die Produktion von individuell gefertigten Bauteilen in kleinen und mittleren Stückzahlen nachhaltig verändern wird.
Minkowski Functionals in Cosmology
Creators: name: Schmalzing, J.
name: Kerscher, M.
name: Buchert, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Minkowski functionals provide a novel tool to characterize the large-scale galaxy distribution in the Universe. Here we give a brief tutorial on the basic features of these morphological measures and indicate their practical application for simulation data and galaxy redshift catalogues as examples.
description: 9 pages, uuencoded gzipped ps-file, 300 kByte Proc. ``International School of Physics Enrico Fermi'', Course CXXXII: Dark Matter in the Universe, Varenna 1995, eds.: S. Bonometto, J. Primack, A. Provenzale, IOP, to appear; Corrected typing error in the last formula. Now it reads: \frac{M_{\mu-\nu}(D)}{M_0(D)} ^^^^ on the right side of the equation under the sum
Gamma Ray Pulsars: Emission from Extended Polar Cap Cascades
Creators: name: Daugherty, Joseph K.
name: Harding, Alice K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used a Monte Carlo simulation of a Polar Cap (PC) model of gamma-ray pulsars to estimate light curves and phase-resolved spectra for sources whose rotational and magnetic axes are oriented so that only one of the magnetic poles produces emission directed at the Earth. In this Single Polar Cap (SPC) scenario, even sources whose light curves have two distinct peaks (Crab, Vela, Geminga, PSR B1951+32) are due to emission concentrated near the rim of a single PC. If the inclination alpha is comparable to the half-width of the PC gamma-beam, alpha ~ theta_{b}, the peak-to-peak phase separation can have the large values (0.4 - 0.5) observed from these sources. In the model presented here we attribute the observed interpeak emission to pair cascades above the PC interior. Our simulation assumes the physics of conventional PC models, in which the gamma rays are due to photon-pair cascades initiated by curvature radiation from the acceleration of electrons above the PCs. In this work we assume that the acceleration occurs over a finite region which may extend up to several radii above the neutron star surface. We find that the combined effects of moderately enlarged PC dimensions and extended acceleration zones resolve a major difficulty with earlier PC models, namely their small beam widths (and hence small detection probabilities). Our best fits to the observed light curves are obtained from models in which the accelerated electrons have a uniform surface density over the PC interior and a sharp density increase of 3 - 5 near the rim.
description: 31 pages (AASTEX) + 9 figures (uuencoded, compressed ps), to be published in ApJ, Feb. 10 1996
Falco barbarus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Falconiformes
Falconidae
Falco
Falco barbarus

description: Falco barbarus [spec. nov.]
F. cera pedibusque luteis, corpore caerulescente fuscoque maculato, pectore immaculato, cauda fasciata.
Falco tunetanus. Alb. av. 3. p. 2. t. 2.
Habitat in Barbaria.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 88, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Iron line profiles including emission from within the innermost stable orbit of a black hole accretion disc
Creators: name: Young, A. J.
name: Ross, R. R.
name: Fabian, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reynolds & Begelman (1997) have recently proposed a model in which the broad and extremely redshifted iron line seen during a deep minimum of the light curve of the Seyfert 1 galaxy MCG-6-30-15 originates from matter spiralling into a Schwarzschild black hole, contrary to previous claims that the black hole may be spinning rapidly (Iwasawa et al 1996; Dabrowski et al 1997). Here we calculate in detail the X-ray spectrum produced by their model using the full reflected continuum emission, including absorption features. This calculation takes into account the doppler and relativistic effects. For the range of parameters we consider, we find that the spectrum should show a large photoelectric absorption edge of iron, which is not seen in the data. The absorption edge is a consequence of the line emitting matter within the innermost stable orbit being highly ionized, and is largely independent of the parameters chosen for their model. If we restrict our attention to the 3-10 keV band we may effectively remove this absorption edge by fitting a steeper power law, but this results in a significant underprediction of the 0.4-0.5 keV flux. We conclude that the data on MCG-6-30-15 are more consistent with the Kerr than the Schwarzschild model.
description: 5 pages with 5 postscript figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Search for pair production of higgsinos in final states with at least three $b$-tagged jets in $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV $pp$ collisions using the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for pair production of the supersymmetric partners of the Higgs boson (higgsinos $\tilde{H}$) in gauge-mediated scenarios is reported. Each higgsino is assumed to decay to a Higgs boson and a gravitino. Two complementary analyses, targeting high- and low-mass signals, are performed to maximize sensitivity. The two analyses utilize LHC $pp$ collision data at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV, the former with an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{-1}$ and the latter with 24.3 fb$^{-1}$, collected with the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016. The search is performed in events containing missing transverse momentum and several energetic jets, at least three of which must be identified as $b$-quark jets. No significant excess is found above the predicted background. Limits on the cross-section are set as a function of the mass of the $\tilde{H}$ in simplified models assuming production via mass-degenerate higgsinos decaying to a Higgs boson and a gravitino. Higgsinos with masses between 130 and 230 GeV and between 290 and 880 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level. Interpretations of the limits in terms of the branching ratio of the higgsino to a $Z$ boson or a Higgs boson are also presented, and a 45% branching ratio to a Higgs boson is excluded for $m_{\tilde{H}} \approx 400$ GeV.
description: 49 pages in total, author list starting page 33, 15 figures, 7 tables, published in PRD. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2017-02/
Zhegalkin Zebra Motives Digital Recordings of Mirror Symmetry
Creators: name: Stienstra, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zhegalkin zebra motives are tilings of the plane by black and white polygons representing certain ${\mathbb F}_2$-valued functions on ${\mathbb R}^2$. They exhibit a rich geometric structure and provide easy to draw insightful visualizations of many topics in the physics and mathematics literature. The present paper gives some pieces of a general theory and a few explicit examples. Many more examples will be shown in the forthcoming article "Zhegalkin zebra motives: algebra and geometry in black and white".
THE SECOND BEST CORE
Creators: name: Spulber, Daniel
name: Spulber, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: An economy with a single output and input is considered for the case of economies of scale in production. Equilibria are studied for a cooperative game of joint production in which goods are allocated by a price system. The paper proposes a second best core in which allocations that are feasible for a coalition must be attainable by a price system. Existence is examined and properties of second best core allocations are analysed.
Numerical Study on Entrance Length in Thermal Counterflow of Superfluid $^4$He
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Hiromichi
name: Yui, Satoshi
name: Tsubota, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional numerical simulations in a square duct were conducted to investigate entrance lengths of normal fluid and superfluid flows in a thermal counterflow of superfluid $^4$He. The two fluids were coarse-grained by using the Hall-Vinen-Bekharevich-Khalatnikov (HVBK) model and were coupled through mutual friction. We solved the HVBK equations by parameterizing the coefficient of the mutual friction to consider the vortex line density. A uniform mutual friction parameter was assumed in the streamwise direction. Our simulation showed that the entrance length of the normal fluid from a hot end becomes shorter than that of a single normal fluid due to the mutual friction with the parabolically developed superfluid flow near the hot end. As the mutual friction increases, the entrance length decreases. Same as that, the entrance length of the superfluid from a cold end is affected by the strength of the mutual friction due to the parabolically developed normal fluid flow near the cold end. Aside from the entrance effect, the realized condition of a tail-flattened flow is discussed by parameterizing the superfluid turbulent eddy viscosity and the mutual friction.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
MOESM1 of Examination of the Cytotoxic and Embryotoxic Potential and Underlying Mechanisms of Next-Generation Synthetic Trioxolane and Tetraoxane Antimalarials
Creators: name: Copple, Ian
name: Mercer, Amy
name: Firman, James
name: Donegan, Gail
name: Herpers, Bram
name: Wong, Michael
name: Chadwick, James
name: Bringela, Andreia
name: Cristiano, Maria
name: Water, Bob Van De
name: Ward, Stephen
name: OâNeill, Paul
name: B. Park
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary material, approximately 3.90 MB.
Additional file 8: of Dynamics of microbial populations mediating biogeochemical cycling in a freshwater lake
Creators: name: Arora-Williams, Keith
name: Olesen, Scott
name: Scandella, Benjamin
name: Delwiche, Kyle
name: Spencer, Sarah
name: Myers, Elise
name: Abraham, Sonali
name: Sooklal, Alyssa
name: Preheim, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Deviation between modeled and observed concentration of nitrate and iron correspond to shifts in methane-oxidizing populations. A graph showing the deviation in modeled values for iron and nitrate (left y-axis) and the corresponding ratio (right y-axis) of C1 oxidizers Methyloterna versitalis (seq3) and Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum (seq172) over the time series. (PDF 32Â kb)
title: Approach to assess the performance of waste management systems towards a circular economy: waste management system development stage concept (WMS-DSC)
Creators: name: Campitelli, Alessio
name: Kannengießer, Jan
name: Schebek, Liselotte
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2022

description: In this paper a novel holistic approach to assess the performance of waste management systems (WMSs) is presented. The so called WMS development stage concept (WMS-DSC) can be used by practitioners or decision makers to assess primarily the WMS at the municipal level. The WMS categorization into development stages notably enables a clear identification of symptoms, the causes of possible waste mismanagement and potential measures for improvement. The concept can be used to (i) assess the status quo of a WMS and, based on this, identify possible measures for implementation; (ii) check whether relevant system conditions to implement a specific measure are met; (iii) monitor the progress of a WMS; and (iv) compare the WMSs of different cities. The concept consists of five development stages: stage 1 – absence or lack of essential elements of waste management; stage 2 – reliable collection and improved landfill sites; stage 3 – separate collection and sorting; stage 4 – expansion of the recycling industry; and stage 5 – circular economy (CE), waste as a resource. While stage 1 describes the absence of or a very immature and malfunctioning WMS, stage 5 stands for a fully implemented CE. By equating the highest stage to the objectives that have evolved today globally for a sustainable CE, this concept can be used to identify targets and the most suitable steps for an individual WMS towards a future best practice of CE. • A holistic approach to assess waste management systems’ performance is presented. • A benchmarking tool to estimate the circular economy (CE) evolvement in cities. • Usable for cities both in the Global North and South to identify CE potentials.
Faint Blue Galaxies and the Epoch of Dwarf-Galaxy Formation
Creators: name: Babul, Arif
name: Ferguson, Henry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both theoretical and observational lines of reasoning suggest that the very faint (B > 24) galaxies seen in deep images of the sky are small low-mass galaxies that experienced starburst at 0.5
description: 44 pages, compressed, uuencoded postscript (no figures), Accepted by ApJ, Complete preprint (with figures) available from: ftp://almuhit.physics.nyu.edu/babul/Faint_Blue_Galaxies/
Flexible robotic device for spinal surgery
Creators: name: Morad, Samir
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Surgical robots have proliferated in recent years, with well-established benefits including: reduced patient trauma, shortened hospitalisation, and improved diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic outcome. Despite these benefits, many challenges in their development remain, including improved instrument control and ergonomics caused by rigid instrumentation and its associated fulcrum effect. Consequently, it is still extremely challenging to utilise such devices in cases that involve complex anatomical pathways such as the spinal column. The focus of this thesis is the development of a flexible robotic surgical cutting device capable of manoeuvring around the spinal column. The target application of the flexible surgical tool is the removal of cancerous tumours surrounding the spinal column, which cannot be excised completely using the straight surgical tools in use today; anterior and posterior sections of the spine must be accessible for complete tissue removal. A parallel robot platform with six degrees of freedom (6 DoFs) has been designed and fabricated to direct a flexible cutting tool to produce the necessary range of movements to reach anterior and posterior sections of the spinal column. A flexible water jet cutting system and a flexible mechanical drill, which may be assembled interchangeably with the flexible probe, have been developed and successfully tested experimentally. A model predicting the depth of cut by the water jet was developed and experimentally validated. A flexion probe that is able to guide the surgical cutting device around the spinal column has been fabricated and tested with human lumber model. Modelling and simulations show the capacity for the flexible surgical system to enable entering the posterior side of the human lumber model and bend around the vertebral body to reach the anterior side of the spinal column. A computer simulation with a full Graphical User Interface (GUI) was created and used to validate the system of inverse kinematic equations for the robot platform. The constraint controller and the inverse kinematics relations are both incorporated into the overall positional control structure of the robot, and have successfully established a haptic feedback controller for the 6 DoFs surgical probe, and effectively tested in vitro on spinal mock surgery. The flexible surgical system approached the surgery from the posterior side of the human lumber model and bend around the vertebral body to reach the anterior side of the spinal column. The flexible surgical robot removed 82% of mock cancerous tissue compared to 16% of tissue removed by the rigid tool.
Falco caerulescens Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Falconiformes
Falconidae
Falco
Falco caerulescens

description: Falco caerulescens [spec. nov.]
F. cera palpebris pedibus subtusque luteus, dorso nigrocaerulescente, temporibus linea alba inclusis.
Accipiter minimus benghalensis. Edv. av. 108. t. 108.
Habitat in Asia.
Aquilae dictae fuere Falocones majores, pedibus hirsutis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 88, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
X-ray Observations of Mrk 231
Creators: name: Turner, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents new X-ray observations of Mrk 231, an active galaxy of particular interest due to its large infrared luminosity and the presence of several blueshifted broad absorption line (BAL) systems, a phenomenon observed in a small fraction of QSOs. A ROSAT HRI image of Mrk 231 is presented, this shows an extended region of soft X-ray emission, covering several tens of kpc, consistent with the extent of the host galaxy. An ASCA observation of Mrk 231 is also presented. Hard X-rays are detected but the data show no significant variability in X-ray flux. The hard X-ray continuum is heavily attenuated and X-ray column estimates range from ~ 2 x 10^{22} - 10^{23} cm^{-2} depending on whether the material is assumed to be neutral or ionized, and on the model assumed for the extended X-ray component. These ASCA data provide only the second hard X-ray spectrum of a BAL AGN presented to date. The broad-band spectral-energy-distribution of the source is discussed. While Mrk 231 is X-ray weak compared to Seyfert 1 galaxies, it has an optical-to-X-ray spectrum typical of a QSO.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures. LaTeX with encapsulated postscript. To appear in the Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 3: of Genomic characterization of three novel Basilisk-like phages infecting Bacillus anthracis
Creators: name: J. Farlow
name: D. Bolkvadze
name: L. Leshkasheli
name: I. Kusradze
name: A. Kotorashvili
name: N. Kotaria
name: N. Balarjishvili
name: L. Kvachadze
name: M. Nikolich
name: M. Kutateladze
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S3. Whole-genome percent similarity among the phage genomes analyzed. (PDF 11 kb)