cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Genomic Diversity of SARS-CoV-2 Strains Circulating in Malaysia
Creators: name: Suppiah, Jeyanthi
name: Zawawi, Zarina Mohd
name: Khayri Azizi Kamel
name: Hamadah Mohd Shariff
name: Rafidah Abdul Karim
name: Kavithambigai Ellan
name: Rozainanee Mohd Zain
name: Thayan, Ravindran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
Coronavirus
Genomic
Diversity
Malaysia

description: Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as an aetiology agent of clustered cases of pneumonia in Wuhan, China and the disease is called Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). The COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia is categorized according to clusters. However, information on the genomic nature and diversity of the circulating strains is sparsely available. Hence, the study was aimed to characterize the virus and identify mutations. Methodology SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was extracted from isolates and original specimen and subjected to next generation sequencing on Illumina NextSeq 500 platform. Full genome sequences were obtained by assembling against reference genomes using BBDuk and MEGAHIT softwares. Phylogenetic tree was constructed using Neigbour-joining & Tamura-Nei model and mutations were identified via MEGA X alignment. Results and Discussion [Refer to Poster]. Conclusion Genomic diversity of the Malaysian SARS-CoV-2 is apparent through the circulating type and unique mutations. Comparison of early outbreak and current strains have shown a shift from type B to C. Unique mutations identified exclusively among Malaysian SARS-CoV2 is indicative of rapidly evolving virus. This could pose a challenge in vaccine development. Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by molecular epidemiology carries significant information for preventive measures, diagnosis, and therapy of infectious diseases.Genomic diversity of the Malaysian SARS-CoV-2 is apparent through the circulating type and unique mutations. Comparison of early outbreak and current strains have shown a shift from type B to C. Unique mutations identified exclusively among Malaysian SARS-CoV2 is indicative of rapidly evolving virus. This could pose a challenge in vaccine development. Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by molecular epidemiology carries significant information for preventive measures, diagnosis, and therapy of infectious diseases.
Strong-coupling Expansions at Finite Temperatures: Application to Quantum Disordered and Quantum Critical Phases
Creators: name: Elstner, Norbert
name: Singh, Rajiv. R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By combining conventional finite-temperature many-body perturbation theory with cluster expansions, we develop a systematic method to carry out high order arbitrary temperature perturbative calculations on the computer. The method is well suited to studying the thermodynamic properties of quantum disordered and quantum critical phases at finite temperatures. As an application, we calculate the magnetic susceptibility, internal energy and specific heat of the bilayer Heisenberg model. It is shown that for a wide range of coupling constants these expansions show excellent convergence at all temperatures. Comparing the direct series (without extrapolations) for the bulk susceptibility to Quantum Monte Carlo simulations we find an almost perfect agreement between the two methods even at the quantum critical coupling separating the dimerized and antiferromagnetic phases. The convergence fails only at very low temperatures, which are also difficult to reach by Quantum Monte Carlo simulations.
description: Revtex, 10 pages, 6 figures (postscript)
Computational Geometry-Based Surface Reconstruction for Volume Estimation: A Case Study on Magnitude-Frequency Relations for a LiDAR-Derived Rockfall Inventory
Creators: DiFrancesco, Paul-Mark
Bonneau, David A.
Hutchinson, D. Jean
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2021

Key to the quantification of rockfall hazard is an understanding of its magnitude-frequency behaviour. Remote sensing has allowed for the accurate observation of rockfall activity, with methods being developed for digitally assembling the monitored occurrences into a rockfall database. A prevalent challenge is the quantification of rockfall volume, whilst fully considering the 3D information stored in each of the extracted rockfall point clouds. Surface reconstruction is utilized to construct a 3D digital surface representation, allowing for an estimation of the volume of space that a point cloud occupies. Given various point cloud imperfections, it is difficult for methods to generate digital surface representations of rockfall with detailed geometry and correct topology. In this study, we tested four different computational geometry-based surface reconstruction methods on a database comprised of 3668 rockfalls. The database was derived from a 5-year LiDAR monitoring campaign of an active rock slope in interior British Columbia, Canada. Each method resulted in a different magnitude-frequency distribution of rockfall. The implications of 3D volume estimation were demonstrated utilizing surface mesh visualization, cumulative magnitude-frequency plots, power-law fitting, and projected annual frequencies of rockfall occurrence. The 3D volume estimation methods caused a notable shift in the magnitude-frequency relations, while the power-law scaling parameters remained relatively similar. We determined that the optimal 3D volume calculation approach is a hybrid methodology comprised of the Power Crust reconstruction and the Alpha Solid reconstruction. The Alpha Solid approach is to be used on small-scale point clouds, characterized with high curvatures relative to their sampling density, which challenge the Power Crust sampling assumptions.
Effects of site asymmetry and valley mixing on Hofstadter-type spectra of bilayer graphene in a square-scatter array potential
Creators: name: Huang, Danhong
name: Iurov, Andrii
name: Gumbs, Godfrey
name: Zhemchuzhna, Liubov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under a magnetic field perpendicular to an monolayer graphene, the existence of a two-dimensional periodic scatter array can not only mix Landau levels of the same valley for displaying split electron-hole Hofstadter-type energy spectra, but also couple two sets of Landau subbands from different valleys in a bilayer graphene. Such a valley mixing effect with a strong scattering strength has been found observable and studied thoroughly in this paper by using a Bloch-wave expansion approach and a projected $2\times 2$ effective Hamiltonian including interlayer effective mass, interlayer coupling and asymmetrical on-site energies due to a vertically-applied electric field. For bilayer graphene, we find two important characteristics, i.e., mixing and interference of intervalley scatterings in the presence of a scatter array, as well as a perpendicular-field induced site-energy asymmetry which deforms severely or even destroy completely the Hofstadter-type band structures due to the dependence of Bloch-wave expansion coefficients on the applied electric field.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Weight and mid-upper arm circumference gain velocities during treatment of young children with severe acute malnutrition, a prospective study in Uganda
Creators: name: Kamugisha, Jolly G. K.
name: Lanyero, Betty
name: Nabukeera-Barungi, Nicolette
name: Nambuya-Lakor, Harriet
name: Ritz, Christian
name: Mølgaard, Christian
name: Michaelsen, Kim F.
name: Briend, André
name: Mupere, Ezekiel
name: Friis, Henrik
name: Grenov, Benedikte
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Duration of stay and outcome of children admitted with severe acute malnutrition by edema at admission a.
Spin-ordering in S = 1 anisotropic Heisenberg models with nondiagonal spin exchange
Creators: name: Pleimling, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of S = 1 anisotropic Heisenberg models with nondiagonal exchange between axial and planar spin components are investigated using Monte Carlo techniques. The quantum nature is taken into account in a semi-classical approximation. The ordering of the spins when applying an external field with axial and planar components is discussed. It is argued that the quantum nature of the spins and the nondiagonal exchange may explain the peculiar shape of the magnetic specific heat of FeBr2 as well as the weakly first-order phase transition observed in the same compound when a tilted field is applied.
description: 9 pages, 15 figures included, to appear in European Physical Journal B
Observations of the bright radio sources in the North Celestial Pole region at the RATAN-600 radio telescope
Creators: name: Mingaliev, M. G.
name: Stolyarov, V. A.
name: Davies, R. D.
name: Melhuish, S. J.
name: Bursov, N. A.
name: Zhekanis, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A survey of the North Celestial Pole region using the RATAN-600 radio telescope at five frequencies in the range 2.3 to 21.7 GHz is described. Sources were chosen from the NVSS catalogue. The flux densities of 171 sources in the Declination range +75 to +88 are presented; typical flux density errors are 5-10 percent including calibration errors. About 20 percent of the sources have flat spectra or a flat component.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures; to be published in Astronomy and Astrophysics (without last figure with the spectra of the observed sources)
Brane World Sum Rules
Creators: name: Gibbons, Gary
name: Kallosh, Renata
name: Linde, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A set of consistency conditions is derived from Einstein equations for brane world scenarios with a spatially periodic internal space. In particular, the sum of the total tension of the flat branes and the non-negative integral of the gradient energy of the bulk scalars must vanish. This constraint allows us to make a simple consistency check of several models. We show that the two-brane Randall-Sundrum model satisfies this constraint, but it does not allow a generalization with smooth branes (domain walls), independently of the issue of supersymmetry. The Goldberger-Wise model of brane stabilization has to include the backreaction on the metric and the fine tuning of the cosmological constant to satisfy the constraints. We check that this is achieved in the DeWolfe-Freedman-Gubser-Karch scenario. Our constraints are automatically satisfied in supersymmetric brane world models.
description: 13 pages, JHEP, references added
Additional file 1 of Factors associated with birthweight and adverse pregnancy outcomes among children in rural Guinea-Bissau - a prospective observational study
Creators: name: Stjernholm, Alexander Dahl
name: Thysen, Sanne Marie
name: Borges, Igualdino Da Silva
name: Fisker, Ane Bærent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
When does soil carbon contribute to climate change  mitigation?
Creators: name: Don, Axel
name: Seidel, Felix
name: Leifeld, Jens
name: Kätterer, Thomas
name: Martin, Manuel
name: Pellerin, Sylvain
name: Emde, David
name: Seitz, Daria
name: Chenu, Claire
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In climate change mitigation discussions, technical terms are not always used correctly leading to unintended consequences and exaggerated expectations of the role of soil C for climate change mitigation.

Carbon stock, carbon sink - are they the same thing? And does fixing C in the soil, for example by building up soil organic C, automatically lead to climate change mitigation? In public discussions about climate protection, many such concepts often get mixed up.
Nanostructuring of LNOI for efficient edge coupling
Creators: name: Krasnokutska, Inna
name: Tambasco, Jean-Luc J.
name: Peruzzo, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design, fabrication and characterization of LNOI fiber-to-chip inverse tapers for efficient edge coupling. The etching characteristics of various LNOI crystal cuts are investigated for the realization of butt-coupling devices. We experimentally demonstrate that the crystal cut limits the performance of mode matching tapers. We report a butt-coupling loss of 2.5 dB/facet and 6 dB/facet by implementing 200 nm tip mode matching tapers in $+Z$-cut LNOI and $X$-cut MgO:LNOI waveguides with low propagation loss. We anticipate that these results will provide insight into the nanostructuring of LNOI and into the further development of efficient butt-coupling in this platform.
Additional file 1 of Structural inequities in seasonal influenza vaccination rates
Creators: name: Brewer, Lara I.
name: Ommerborn, Mark J.
name: Nguyen, Augustina Le
name: Clark, Cheryl R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Non-Hispanic White Descriptive Data by Influenza Vaccination, 2019 BRFSS. Supplemental Table 2. Non-Hispanic Black Descriptive Data by Influenza Vaccination, 2019 BRFSS. Supplemental Table 3. Hispanic Descriptive Data by Influenza Vaccination, 2019 BRFSS. Supplemental Table 4. Asian Descriptive Data by Influenza Vaccination, 2019 BRFSS. Supplemental Table 5. American Indian / Alaska Native Descriptive Data by Influenza Vaccination, 2019 BRFSS. Supplemental Table 6. Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander Descriptive Data by Influenza Vaccination, 2019 BRFSS.
Metastability and spinodal points for a random walker on a triangle
Creators: name: Arndt, Peter F.
name: Heinzel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate time-dependent properties of a single particle model in which a random walker moves on a triangle and is subjected to non-local boundary conditions. This model exhibits spontaneous breaking of a Z_2 symmetry. The reduced size of the configuration space (compared to related many-particle models that also show spontaneous symmetry breaking) allows us to study the spectrum of the time-evolution operator. We break the symmetry explicitly and find a stable phase, and a meta-stable phase which vanishes at a spinodal point. At this point, the spectrum of the time evolution operator has a gapless and universal band of excitations with a dynamical critical exponent z=1. Surprisingly, the imaginary parts of the eigenvalues E_j(L) are equally spaced, following the rule Im E_j(L)\propto j/L. Away from the spinodal point, we find two time scales in the spectrum. These results are related to scaling functions for the mean path of the random walker and to first passage times. For the spinodal point, we find universal scaling behavior. A simplified version of the model which can be handled analytically is also presented.
description: 27 pages, LaTeX, needs epsf.sty
Model law for developing countries on inventions /
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: Contents : Part 1. Patents : 1. General provisions; 2. Right to grant of patent; 3. Grant of patent; 4. Rights conferred by the patent; 5. Duration of patent and fees; 6. Assignment and transfer of patent applications and patents; joint ownership of patents; 7. Contractual licenses; 8. Compulsory licenses; 9. Licenses of right; 10. Surrender and nullity; 11. Infringement of rights under the patent; Part 2. Technical know-how; Part 3. Procedural provisions and rules; Annexes : A. Possible addendum on patents of introduction; B. Possible addendum on inventor's certificates;.
A Fourier Disparity Layer representation for Light Fields
Creators: name: Pendu, Mikael Le
name: Guillemot, Christine
name: Smolic, Aljosa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present a new Light Field representation for efficient Light Field processing and rendering called Fourier Disparity Layers (FDL). The proposed FDL representation samples the Light Field in the depth (or equivalently the disparity) dimension by decomposing the scene as a discrete sum of layers. The layers can be constructed from various types of Light Field inputs including a set of sub-aperture images, a focal stack, or even a combination of both. From our derivations in the Fourier domain, the layers are simply obtained by a regularized least square regression performed independently at each spatial frequency, which is efficiently parallelized in a GPU implementation. Our model is also used to derive a gradient descent based calibration step that estimates the input view positions and an optimal set of disparity values required for the layer construction. Once the layers are known, they can be simply shifted and filtered to produce different viewpoints of the scene while controlling the focus and simulating a camera aperture of arbitrary shape and size. Our implementation in the Fourier domain allows real time Light Field rendering. Finally, direct applications such as view interpolation or extrapolation and denoising are presented and evaluated.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Exact Ground States in Spin Systems with Orbital Degeneracy
Creators: name: Itoh, Kazuhito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present exact ground states in spin models with orbital generacy in one and higher dimensions. A method to obtain the exact ground states of the models when the Hamiltonians are composed of the products of two commutable operators is proposed. For the case of the spin-1/2 model with two-fold degeneracy some exact ground states are given, such as the Valence-Bond (VB), the magnetically ordered, and the orbitally ordered states under particular parameter regimes. We also find the models with the higher spin and degeneracy which have the new types of VB ground states in the spin and the orbital sectors.
description: 4 pages(JPSJ.sty), 2 figures(EPS), to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 68, No.2 (1999) 322
Additional file 1 of Mechanical power normalized to lung-thorax compliance predicts prolonged ventilation weaning failure: a prospective study
Creators: name: Ghiani, Alessandro
name: Paderewska, Joanna
name: Walcher, Swenja
name: Neurohr, Claus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1, Statistical methods—ROC curve analysis and prospective 2-times repeated, twofold cross validation; Figure S2, 2 × 2 confusion matrix—Metrics of diagnostic accuracy; Table S1, Clinical characteristics on admission to the weaning center—comparison of groups A/B and C/D; Table S2, Results of prolonged weaning—comparison of patients with weaning success and weaning failure; Table S3, Cross-validated performance of variables derived from the mechanical power analyzed to predict weaning outcome—mean values derived from the test sets; Table S4, Ventilator variables and mechanical power indices predicting the outcome of prolonged weaning—comparison of patients with weaning success and weaning failure; Figure S3, ROC curves for selected variables and mechanical power indices derived from the whole study population 48 h before weaning completion (PDF 1.0 MB).
The Pearson-Readhead Survey of Compact Extragalactic Radio Sources From Space. II. Analysis of Source Properties
Creators: name: Lister, M. L.
name: Tingay, S. J.
name: Preston, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a multi-dimensional correlation analysis on the observed properties of a statistically complete core-selected sample of compact radio-loud active galactic nuclei, based on data from the VLBI Space Observing Programme (Paper I) and previously published studies. Our sample is drawn from the well-studied Pearson-Readhead (PR) survey, and is ideally suited for investigating the general effects of relativistic beaming in compact radio sources. In addition to confirming many previously known correlations, we have discovered several new trends that lend additional support to the beaming model. These trends suggest that the most highly beamed sources in core-selected samples tend to have a) high optical polarizations; b) large pc/kpc-scale jet misalignments; c) prominent VLBI core components; d) one-sided, core, or halo radio morphology on kiloparsec scales; e) narrow emission line equivalent widths; and f) a strong tendency for intraday variability at radio wavelengths. We have used higher resolution space and ground-based VLBI maps to confirm the bi-modality of the jet misalignment distribution for the PR survey, and find that the sources with aligned parsec- and kiloparsec-scale jets generally have arcsecond-scale radio emission on both sides of the core. The aligned sources also have broader emission line widths. We find evidence that the BL Lacertae objects in the PR survey are all highly beamed, and have very similar properties to the high-optically polarized quasars, with the exception of smaller redshifts. A cluster analysis on our data shows that after partialing out the effects of redshift, the luminosities of our sample objects in various wave bands are generally well-correlated with each other, but not with other source properties.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. Part I can be found at astro-ph/0102273
Additional file 2 of Fathers’ experiences of feeding their extremely preterm infants in family-centred neonatal intensive care: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Mӧrelius, Evalotte
name: Brogren, Sofia
name: Andersson, Sandra
name: Alehagen, Siw
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist.
Additional file 1 of Fathers’ experiences of feeding their extremely preterm infants in family-centred neonatal intensive care: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Mӧrelius, Evalotte
name: Brogren, Sofia
name: Andersson, Sandra
name: Alehagen, Siw
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide.
Poverty, Inequality Statistics and Knowledge Politics Under Thatcher
Creators: name: Römer, Felix
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 941 Britische Inseln

description: It is common knowledge that, under the premiership of Margaret Thatcher, economic inequality and poverty in the United Kingdom rose dramatically, but it is often overlooked that during the 1980s knowledge about movements in poverty and inequality was much less certain and was subject to political battles over statistical policies, measurements and figures. This article connects the historiography on Thatcherism to the growing scholarship on the politics of statistics. Based on recently declassified government records and other archival and published sources, it explores government interventions in official statistics and their impact on public discourse on issues of economic inequality. The Thatcher government endeavoured to transform the social-democratic knowledge regime inherited from the 1970s by cutting back existing statistical series on income and wealth distribution and by gearing the low income statistics towards the concept of absolute poverty, as favoured by the New Right. Moreover, the government made extensive use of statistical artefacts for government public relations purposes, including controversial claims about substantial rises in the real incomes of the poorest under Thatcher. The article traces how ministers and civil servants used statistical knowledge to promote narratives about the success of Thatcher’s policies and the trickle-down effect, complementing recent research about government public relations and Thatcherite efforts to recast social discourse. It argues that knowledge politics were employed to marginalise issues of economic inequality and to defuse opposition against market-driven reforms.
Ensemble versus Local Restructuring of Core-shell Nickel-Cobalt Nanoparticles upon Oxidation and Reduction Cycles
Creators: name: Carenco, Sophie
name: Bonifacio, Cecile S.
name: Yang, Judith C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bimetallic nanoparticles are widely studied, for example in catalysis. However, possible restructuring in the environment of use, such as segregation or alloying, may occur. Taken individually, state-of-the-art analytical tools fail to give an overall picture of these transformations. This study combines an ensemble analysis (near-ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) with a local analysis (environmental transmission electron microscopy) to provide an in situ description of the restructuring of core--shell nickel-cobalt nanoparticles exposed to cycles of reduction and oxidation. It reveals a partial surface alloying accompanied by fragmentation of the shell into smaller clusters, which is not reversible. Beyond this case study, the methodology proposed here should be applicable in a broad range of studies dealing with the reactivity of mono- or bi-metallic metal nanoparticles.
Gravity in Warped Compactifications and the Holographic Stress Tensor
Creators: name: de Haro, Sebastian
name: Skenderis, Kostas
name: Solodukhin, Sergey N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study gravitational aspects of Brane-World scenarios. We show that the bulk Einstein equations together with the junction condition imply that the induced metric on the brane satisfies the full non-linear Einstein equations with a specific effective stress energy tensor. This result holds for any value of the bulk cosmological constant. The analysis is done by either placing the brane close to infinity or by considering the local geometry near the brane. In the case that the bulk spacetime is asymptotically AdS, we show that the effective stress energy tensor is equal to the sum of the stress energy tensor of matter localized on the brane and of the holographic stress energy tensor appearing in the AdS/CFT duality. In addition, there are specific higher-curvature corrections to Einstein's equations. We analyze in detail the case of asymptotically flat spacetime. We obtain asymptotic solutions of Einstein's equations and show that the effective Newton's constant on the brane depends on the position of the brane.
description: 13 pages. To appear in the proceedings of the Fradkin and the Gursey memorial conferences. References added
Additional file 1 of Relationship between sleep habits and academic performance in university Nursing students
Creators: name: Gallego-Gómez, Juana Inés
name: González-Moro, María Teresa Rodríguez
name: González-Moro, José Miguel Rodríguez
name: Vera-Catalán, Tomás
name: Balanza, Serafín
name: Simonelli-Muñoz, Agustín Javier
name: Rivera-Caravaca, José Miguel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1:
Quantum convolutional data-syndrome codes
Creators: name: Zeng, Weilei
name: Ashikhmin, Alexei
name: Woolls, Michael
name: Pryadko, Leonid P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider performance of a simple quantum convolutional code in a fault-tolerant regime using several syndrome measurement/decoding strategies and three different error models, including the circuit model.
description: Abstract submitted for The 20th IEEE International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC 2019)
Coherent optical control of a quantum-dot spin-qubit in a waveguide-based spin-photon interface
Creators: name: Ding, Dapeng
name: Appel, Martin Hayhurst
name: Javadi, Alisa
name: Zhou, Xiaoyan
name: Löbl, Matthias Christian
name: Söllner, Immo
name: Schott, Rüdiger
name: Papon, Camille
name: Pregnolato, Tommaso
name: Midolo, Leonardo
name: Wieck, Andreas Dirk
name: Ludwig, Arne
name: Warburton, Richard John
name: Schröder, Tim
name: Lodahl, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Waveguide-based spin-photon interfaces on the GaAs platform have emerged as a promising system for a variety of quantum information applications directly integrated into planar photonic circuits. The coherent control of spin states in a quantum dot can be achieved by applying circularly polarized laser pulses that may be coupled into the planar waveguide vertically through radiation modes. However, proper control of the laser polarization is challenging since the polarization is modified through the transformation from the far field to the exact position of the quantum dot in the nanostructure. Here we demonstrate polarization-controlled excitation of a quantum-dot electron spin and use that to perform coherent control in a Ramsey interferometry experiment. The Ramsey interference reveals a pure dephasing time of $ 2.2\pm0.1 $ ns, which is comparable to the values so far only obtained in bulk media. We analyze the experimental limitations in spin initialization fidelity and Ramsey contrast and identify the underlying mechanisms.
Gauge-theory approach to planar doped antiferromagnets and external magnetic fields
Creators: name: Farakos, K.
name: Mavromatos, N. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A review is given of a relativistic non-Abelian gauge theory approach to the physics of spin-charge separation in doped quantum antiferromagnetic planar systems, proposed recently by the authors. Emphasis is put on the effects of constant external magnetic fields on excitations about the superconducting state in the model. The electrically-charged Dirac fermions (holons), describing excitations about specific points on the fermi surface, e.g. those corresponding to the nodes of a d-wave superconducting gap in high-$T_c$ cuprates, condense, resulting in the opening of a Kosterlitz-Thouless-like gap (KT) at such nodes. In the presence of strong external magnetic fields at the surface regions of the planar superconductor, in the direction perpendicular to the superconducting planes, these KT gaps appear to be enhanced. Our preliminary analysis, based on analytic Scwhinger-Dyson treatments, seems to indicate that for an even number of Dirac fermion species, required in our model as a result of gauging a particle-hole SU(2) symmetry, Parity or Time Reversal violation does not necessarily occurs.Based on these considerations, we argue that recent experimental findings, concerning thermal conductivity plateaux of quasiparticles in planar high-$T_c$ cuprates in strong external magnetic fields, may indicate the presence of such KT gaps, caused by charged Dirac-fermion excitations in these materials, as suggested in the above model.
description: 26 pages LATEX, 6 figures (incorporated) (In this revised version references on magnetic catalysis were added, and also a note was added with a comparison of the theoretical results presented here with a second experiment (cond-mat/9709061), reporting on unconventional superconducting phases in certain cuprates). Journal ref.:Based on Invited talk by N.E.M. at the `5th Chia Workshop on Common Trends in Particle and Condensed Matter Physics', Conference Center, Grand-Hotel Chia-Laguna, Chia, Italy, 1-11 September 1997
Steady vortex patches near a nontrivial irrotational flow
Creators: name: Cao, Daomin
name: Wang, Guodong
name: Zhan, Weicheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the vortex patch problem in an ideal fluid in a planar bounded domain. By solving a certain minimization problem and studying the limiting behavior of the minimizer, we prove that for any harmonic function $q$ corresponding to a nontrivial irrotational flow, there exists a family of steady vortex patches approaching the set of extremum points of $q$ on the boundary of the domain. Furthermore, we show that each finite collection of strict extreme points of $q$ corresponds to a family of steady multiple vortex patches approaching it.
description: 21 pages
Additional file 1 of Identifying relevant factors for successful implementation into routine practice: expert interviews to inform a heart failure self-care intervention (ACHIEVE study)
Creators: name: Herber, Oliver Rudolf
name: Ehringfeld, Isabell
name: Steinhoff, Paula
name: Whittal, Amanda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix: Interview topic guide.
Renormalization group study of one-dimensional systems with roughening transitions
Creators: name: Bianconi, G.
name: Munoz, M. A.
name: Gabrielli, A.
name: Pietronero, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently introduced real space renormalization group technique, developed for the analysis of processes in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class, is generalized and tested by applying it to a different family of surface growth processes. In particular, we consider a growth model exhibiting a rich phenomenology even in one dimension. It has four different phases and a directed percolation related roughening transition. The renormalization method reproduces extremely well all the phase diagram, the roughness exponents in all the phases and the separatrix among them. This proves the versatility of the method and elucidates interesting physical mechanisms.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Approximate T-matrix and optical properties of spheroidal particles to third order in size parameter
Creators: name: Majic, Matt R. A.
name: Pratley, Luke
name: Schebarchov, Dmitri
name: Somerville, Walter R. C.
name: Auguie, Baptiste
name: Ru, Eric C. Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We here calculate the series expansion of the T-matrix for a spheroidal particle in the small-size/long-wavelength limit, up to third lowest order with respect to the size parameter, X, which we will define rigorously for a non-spherical particle. T is calculated from the standard extended boundary condition method with a linear system involving two infinite matrices P and Q, whose matrix elements are integrals on the particle surface. We show that the limiting form of the P- and Q-matrices, which is different in the special case of spheroid, ensures that this Taylor expansion can be obtained by considering only multipoles of order 3 or less (i.e. dipoles, quadrupoles, and octupoles). This allows us to obtain self-contained expressions for the Taylor expansion of T(X). The lowest order is O(X^3) and equivalent to the quasi-static limit or Rayleigh approximation. Expressions to order O(X^5) are obtained by Taylor expansion of the integrals in P and Q followed by matrix inversion. We then apply a radiative correction scheme, which makes the resulting expressions valid up to order O(X^6). Orientation-averaged extinction, scattering, and absorption cross-sections are then derived. All results are compared to the exact T-matrix predictions to confirm the validity of our expressions and assess their range of applicability. For a wavelength of 400nm, the new approximation remains valid (within 1% error) up to particle dimensions of the order of 100-200nm depending on the exact parameters (aspect ratio and material). These results provide a relatively simple and computationally-friendly alternative to the standard T-matrix method for spheroidal particles smaller than the wavelength, in a size range much larger than for the commonly-used Rayleigh approximation.
description: Main text 20 pages, 3 figures. Supplementary material 9 pages, 9 figures
BATSE Observations of Fast X-ray Transients Detected by BeppoSAX-WFC
Creators: name: Kippen, R. Marc
name: Woods, Peter M.
name: Heise, John
name: Zand, Jean int
name: Preece, Robert D.
name: Briggs, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BeppoSAX Wide Field Cameras have been successful in detecting gamma-ray bursts in the 2--26 keV energy range. While most detected bursts are also strong emitters at higher energies, a significant fraction have anomalously low gamma-ray flux. The nature of these "Fast X-ray Transients" (FXTs), and their relation to gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), is unknown. We use BATSE untriggered continuous data to examine the >20 keV gamma-ray properties of the events detected in common with BeppoSAX. Temporal and spectral characteristics, such as peak flux, fluence, duration, and spectrum are compared to the full population of triggered BATSE GRBs. We find that FXTs have softer spectra than most triggered bursts, but that they are consistent with the extrapolated hardness expected for low-intensity GRBs.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Submitted Jan. 2001 to Proc. Second Rome Workshop: Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Aferglow Era (Oct. 2000)
Supersymmetry of the extreme rotating toroidal black hole
Creators: name: Lemos, Jose' P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the supersymmetry of the charged rotating toroidal black hole solutions found by Lemos and Zanchin, and show that the only configurations that are supersymmetric are: (i) the non-rotating electrically charged naked singularities already studied by Caldarelli and Klemm, and (ii) an extreme rotating toroidal black hole with zero magnetic and electric charges. For this latter case, the extreme uncharged black hole, we calculate the Killing spinors and show that the configuration preserves the same supersymmetries as the background spacetime.
description: LaTeX file, 1 eps figure, 15 pages
Co-located diffuse approximation method for two dimensional incompressible channel flows
Creators: name: Prax, Christian
name: Sadat, Hamou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main contribution of this paper is the formulation of a diffuse approximation method(DAM), for two-dimensional channel flows. The proposed method is based on the vorticity-streamfunction formulation. The DAM which estimates derivates of a scalar field has the remarkable advantage to work on discretization points (thus avoiding mesh generation). It has been shown that the DAM is much better than the finite element method for the computation of gradients [1-2]. In a previous paper [3], we have shown that it can be used to solve laminar natural convection problems. In this work, we discuss the applicability of this method to channel flows with a particular emphasis on the form of the weighting function.
Origin of synchronized traffic flow on highways and its dynamic phase transitions
Creators: name: Lee, H. Y.
name: Lee, H. -W.
name: Kim, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the traffic flow on a highway with ramps through numerical simulations of a hydrodynamic traffic flow model. It is found that the presence of the external vehicle flux through ramps generates a new state of recurring humps (RH). This novel dynamic state is characterized by temporal oscillations of the vehicle density and velocity which are localized near ramps, and found to be the origin of the synchronized traffic flow reported recently [PRL 79, 4030 (1997)]. We also argue that the dynamic phase transitions between the free flow and the RH state can be interpreted as a subcritical Hopf bifurcation.
description: 4 pages, source TeX file and 4 figures are tarred and compressed via uufiles
GRB 000418: A Hidden Jet Revealed?
Creators: name: Berger, E.
name: Diercks, A.
name: Frail, D. A.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Bloom, J. S.
name: Sari, R.
name: Halpern, J.
name: Mirabal, N.
name: Taylor, G. B.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Pooley, G.
name: Becker, K. M.
name: Wagner, R. M.
name: Terndrup, D. M.
name: Statler, T.
name: Mazets, E.
name: Cline, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on optical, near-infrared and centimeter radio observations of GRB000418 which allow us to follow the evolution of the afterglow from 2 to 200 days after the gamma-ray burst. In modeling these broad-band data, we find that an isotropic explosion in a constant density medium is unable to simultaneously fit both the radio and optical data. However, a jet-like outflow with an opening angle of 10-20 degress provides a good description of the data. The evidence in favor of a jet interpretation is based on the behavior of the radio light curves, since the expected jet break is masked at optical wavelengths by the light of the host galaxy. We also find evidence for extinction, presumably arising from within the host galaxy, with A(V)=0.4 mag, and host flux densities of F_R=1.1 uJy and F_K=1.7 uJy. These values supercede previous work on this burst due to the availability of a broad-band data set allowing a global fitting approach. A model in which the GRB explodes into a wind-stratified circumburst medium cannot be ruled out by these data. However, in examining a sample of other bursts (e.g. GRB990510, GRB000301C) we favor the jet interpretation for GRB000418.
description: ApJ, submitted
ACCESS: Ground-based Optical Transmission Spectroscopy of the Hot Jupiter WASP-4b
Creators: name: Bixel, Alex
name: Rackham, Benjamin V.
name: Apai, Dániel
name: Espinoza, Néstor
name: López-Morales, Mercedes
name: Osip, David J.
name: Jordán, Andrés
name: McGruder, Chima
name: Weaver, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an optical transmission spectrum of the atmosphere of WASP-4b obtained through observations of four transits with Magellan/IMACS. Using a Bayesian approach to atmospheric retrieval, we find no evidence for scattering or absorption features in our transit spectrum. Our models include a component to model the transit light source effect (spectral contamination from unocculted spots on the stellar photosphere), which we show can have a marked impact on the observed transmission spectrum for reasonable spot covering fractions (< 5%); this is the first such analysis for WASP-4b. We are also able to fit for the size and temperature contrast of spots observed during the second and third transits, finding evidence for both small, cool and large, warm spot-like features on the photosphere. Finally, we compare our results to those published by Huitson et al. (2017) using Gemini/GMOS and May et al. (2018) using IMACS, and find that our data are in agreement.
description: 31 pages, 19 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in AJ
Reentrant behavior in the superconducting phase-dependent resistance of a disordered 2-dimensional electron gas
Creators: name: Hartog, S. G. den
name: van Wees, B. J.
name: Nazarov, Yu. V.
name: Klapwijk, T. M.
name: Borghs, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the bias-voltage dependence of the phase-dependent differential resistance of a disordered T-shaped 2-dimensional electron gas coupled to two superconducting terminals. The resistance oscillations first increase upon lowering the energy. For bias voltages below the Thouless energy, the resistance oscillations are suppressed and disappear almost completely at zero bias voltage. We find a qualitative agreement with the calculated reentrant behavior of the resistance and discuss quantitative deviations.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B