cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The GENIE Neutrino Monte Carlo Generator
Creators: name: Andreopoulos, C.
name: Bell, A.
name: Bhattacharya, D.
name: Cavanna, F.
name: Dobson, J.
name: Dytman, S.
name: Gallagher, H.
name: Guzowski, P.
name: Hatcher, R.
name: Kehayias, P.
name: Meregaglia, A.
name: Naples, D.
name: Pearce, G.
name: Rubbia, A.
name: Whalley, M.
name: Yang, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GENIE is a new neutrino event generator for the experimental neutrino physics community. The goal of the project is to develop a `canonical' neutrino interaction physics Monte Carlo whose validity extends to all nuclear targets and neutrino flavors from MeV to PeV energy scales. Currently, emphasis is on the few-GeV energy range, the challenging boundary between the non-perturbative and perturbative regimes, which is relevant for the current and near future long-baseline precision neutrino experiments using accelerator-made beams. The design of the package addresses many challenges unique to neutrino simulations and supports the full life-cycle of simulation and generator-related analysis tasks. GENIE is a large-scale software system, consisting of 120,000 lines of C++ code, featuring a modern object-oriented design and extensively validated physics content. The first official physics release of GENIE was made available in August 2007, and at the time of the writing of this article, the latest available version was v2.4.4.
description: 36 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Nucl.Instrum.Meth.A
Depth-dependent critical behavior in V2H
Creators: name: Del Genio, Charo I.
name: Trenkler, Johann
name: Bassler, Kevin E.
name: Wochner, Peter
name: Haeffner, Dean R.
name: Reiter, George F.
name: Bai, Jianming
name: Moss, Simon C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using X-ray diffuse scattering, we investigate the critical behavior of an order-disorder phase transition in a defective "skin-layer" of V2H. In the skin-layer, there exist walls of dislocation lines oriented normal to the surface. The density of dislocation lines within a wall decreases continuously with depth. We find that, because of this inhomogeneous distribution of defects, the transition effectively occurs at a depth-dependent local critical temperature. A depth-dependent scaling law is proposed to describe the corresponding critical ordering behavior.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Approximation of a general singular vertex coupling in quantum graphs
Creators: name: Cheon, Taksu
name: Exner, Pavel
name: Turek, Ondrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The longstanding open problem of approximating all singular vertex couplings in a quantum graph is solved. We present a construction in which the edges are decoupled; an each pair of their endpoints is joined by an edge carrying a $δ$ potential and a vector potential coupled to the "loose" edges by a $δ$ coupling. It is shown that if the lengths of the connecting edges shrink to zero and the potentials are properly scaled, the limit can yield any prescribed singular vertex coupling, and moreover, that such an approximation converges in the norm-resolvent sense.
description: LaTeX Elsevier format, 36 pages, 1 PDF figure
EFFICIENT MAXWELL-DRIFT DIFFUSION CO-SIMULATION OF MICRO- AND NANO- STRUCTURES AT HIGH FREQUENCIES
Creators: name: Khare, Sanjeev
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400899
subject: Electrical engineering not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460207
subject: Modelling and simulation
classificationCode: 490303
subject: Numerical solution of differential and integral equations

description: This work introduces an innovative algorithm for co-simulating time-dependent Drift Diffusion (DD) equations with Maxwell\textquotesingle s equations to characterize semiconductor devices. Traditionally, the DD equations, derived from the Boltzmann transport equations, are used alongside Poisson\textquotesingle s equation to model electronic carriers in semiconductors. While DD equations coupled with Poisson\textquotesingle s equation underpin commercial TCAD software for micron-scale device simulation, they are limited by electrostatic assumptions and fail to capture time dependent high-frequency effects. Maxwell\textquotesingle s equations are fundamental to classical electrodynamics, enabling the prediction of electrical performance across frequency range crucial to advanced device fabrication and design. However, their integration with DD equations has not been studied thoroughly. The proposed method advances current simulation techniques by introducing a new broadband patch-based method to solve time-domain 3-D Maxwell\textquotesingle s equations and integrating it with the solution of DD equations. This technique is free of the low-frequency breakdown issues prevalent in conventional full-wave simulations. Meanwhile, it enables large-scale simulations with reduced computational complexity. This work extends the simulation to encompass the complete device, including metal contacts and interconnects. Thus, it captures the entire electromagnetic behavior, which is especially critical in electrically larger systems and high-frequency scenarios. The electromagnetic interactions of the device with its contacts and interconnects are investigated, providing insights into performance at the chip level. Validation through numerical experiments and comparison with results from commercial TCAD tools confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Effective Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations for Cigar-Shaped and Disk-Shaped Fermi Superfluids at Unitarity
Creators: name: Adhikari, S. K.
name: Salasnich, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the case of tight transverse confinement (cigar-shaped trap) the three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear Schrödinger equation, describing superfluid Fermi atoms at unitarity (infinite scattering length $|a|\to \infty$), is reduced to an effective one-dimensional form by averaging over the transverse coordinates. The resultant effective equation is a 1D nonpolynomial Schrodinger equation, which produces results in good agreement with the original 3D one. In the limit of small and large fermion number $N$ the nonlinearity is of simple power-law type. A similar reduction of the 3D theory to a two-dimensional form is also performed for a tight axial confinement (disk-shaped trap). The resultant effective 2D nonpolynomial equation also produces results in agreement with the original 3D equation and has simple power-law nonlinearity for small and large $N$. For both cigar- and disk-shaped superfluids our nonpolynomial Schrödinger equations are quite attractive for phenomenological application.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
Resolved Dust Emission in a Quasar at z=3.65
Creators: name: Clements, D. L.
name: Petitpas, Glen
name: Farrah, D.
name: Hatziminaoglou, E.
name: Babbedge, T.
name: Rowan-Robinson, M.
name: Perez-Fournon, I.
name: Hernan-Caballero, Antonio
name: Castro-Rodriguez, Nieves
name: Lonsdale, C.
name: Surace, J.
name: Franceschini, A.
name: Wilkes, B. J.
name: Smith, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present submillimetre observations of the z=3.653 quasar SDSS160705+533558 together with data in the optical and infrared. The object is unusually bright in the far-IR and submm with an IR luminosity of ~10^14 L_sun. We ascribe this luminosity to a combination of AGN and starburst emission, with the starburst forming stars at a rate of a few thousand solar masses per year. Submillimetre Array (SMA) imaging observations with a resolution ~1" show that the submm (850 micron) emission is extended on scales of 10--35kpc and is offset from the optical position by ~10 kpc. This morphology is dissimilar to that found in submm galaxies, which are generally un- or marginally resolved on arcsecond scales, or submm-luminous AGN where the AGN lies at the peak of the submm or molecular emission. The simplest explanation is that the object is in the early stages of a merger between a gas rich galaxy, which hosts the starburst, and a gas-poor AGN-host galaxy, which is responsible for the quasar emission. It is also possible that jet induced star formation might contribute to the unusual morphology.
description: ApJ Letters, in press
Post-Newtonian Reference Frames for Advanced Theory of the Lunar Motion and a New Generation of Lunar Laser Ranging
Creators: name: Kopeikin, Sergei
name: Xie, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a set of post-Newtonian reference frames for a comprehensive study of the orbital dynamics and rotational motion of the Moon and Earth by means of lunar laser ranging (LLR) with the precision of one millimeter. We also derive the post-Newtonian coordinate transformations between the frames and analyze the residual gauge freedom, which is used for removing spurious post-Newtonian effects from the equations of motion of the solar system bodies.
description: 64 pages, no figures
Difficulties in probing density dependent symmetry potential with the HBT interferometry
Creators: name: Li, Qingfeng
name: Shen, Caiwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the updated UrQMD transport model, the effect of the symmetry potential energy on the two-nucleon HBT correlation is investigated with the help of the coalescence program for constructing clusters, and the CRAB analyzing program of the two-particle HBT correlation. An obvious non-linear dependence of the neutron-proton (or neutron-neutron) HBT correlation function ($C_{np,nn}$) at small relative momenta on the stiffness factor $γ$ of the symmetry potential energy is found: when $γ\lesssim 0.8$, the $C_{np,nn}$ increases rapidly with increasing $γ$, while it starts to saturate if $γ\gtrsim 0.8$. It is also found that both the symmetry potential energy at low densities and the conditions of constructing clusters at the late stage of the whole process influence the two-nucleon HBT correlation with the same power.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
title: Historic and prehistoric volcanic activity on St Kitts and Nevis, West Indies: Controls on future hazard
Creators: name: Peach-Gibson, Amy Lea
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: geology
subject: volcanology
subject: St Kitts and Nevis
subject: PhD

description: Saint Kitts and Nevis lie in the northern part of the Lesser Antilles island arc, an archipelago formed by the subduction of the North American plate beneath the Caribbean plate. An integrated approach was undertaken to understand the most recent volcanic activity on the islands, and to assess likely future eruption styles and scenarios. A new analysis of archival records suggests that there may not have been activity at Mt Liamuiga in historic times. The 1690 activity may have been misattributed to St Kitts instead of Guadeloupe, whereas the 1843 activity remains unconfirmed. A field campaign characterised the nature of the pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) on St Kitts and Nevis. Pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) of pumice and ash flows, and surge deposits characterise the youngest products at both Mt Liamuiga and Nevis Peak, although subordinate lapilli fallout deposits also occur on St Kitts. The geochemistry of the youngest products at Mt Liamuiga, St Kitts and Nevis Peak have been analysed to characterise the nature of the magma storage conditions below both islands, and to understand the styles of the most recent eruptions. These geochemical analyses have shown that open-system processes dominated the magma storage conditions at both St Kitts and Nevis, and recharges of hot, primitive magma into the reservoirs led to mixing and magmatic differentiation. The geochemistry also showed that rapid crystallization, reheating and partial melting occurred in the shallow crust before eruption. Magma mingling occurred shortly before or syn-eruption. 9 Crystal Size Distribution (CSD) methods allowed decompression and ascent rates to be estimated, providing further evidence for the nature of the youngest eruptions at Mt Liamuiga and Nevis Peak. Ascent rate estimates suggest that the majority of the Mt Liamuiga deposits studied were the products of explosive eruptions, and the estimates calculated for the Nevis samples suggest a much slower decompression and ascent rate indicating a lava dome collapse origin, potentially associated with explosive activity. Future eruptive scenarios were modelled using VolcFlow based on parameters informed by fieldwork, geochemistry and CSD analysis. This modelling suggests that the main hazard from PDCs is in the northwest of the island, with multiple settlements lying directly in the path of the PDCs modelled, including Old Road Town, Newton Ground, Saddlers Village, and the southern portion of Sandy Point Town in larger volume scenarios.
Transitional random matrix theory nearest-neighbor spacing distributions
Creators: name: Zypman, Fredy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a study of the properties of a matrix model that was introduced to describe transitions between all Wigner surmises of Random Matrix theory. New results include closed-form exact analytical expressions for the transitional probability density functions, as well as suitable analytical approximations for cases not amenable to explicit representation.
Additional file 10 of HiCAT: a tool for automatic annotation of centromere structure
Creators: name: Gao, Shenghan
name: Yang, Xiaofei
name: Guo, Hongtao
name: Zhao, Xixi
name: Wang, Bo
name: Ye, Kai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10. Review history.
title: Dr. David S. Feigin, LCDR, MC, USN Oral History Interview Transcript
Creators: name: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Publisher: name: University Archives, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814
Year: 2010
Subjects: classificationCode: 3
subject: FOS: Medical and health sciences
classificationCode: 6.1
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: USU Oral History Interview Transcript
Dr. David S. Feigin, LCDR, MC, USN
Professor, Department Radiology and Radiological Sciences
08-05-2010
Interviewed by Megan Guglielmi
Monitoring campaign of 1RXS J171824.2-402934, the low-mass X-ray binary with the lowest mass accretion rate
Creators: name: Zand, J. J. M. in 't
name: Jonker, P. G.
name: Bassa, C. G.
name: Markwardt, C. B.
name: Levine, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An X-ray monitoring campaign with Chandra and Swift confirms that 1RXS J171824.2-402934 is accreting at the lowest rate among the known persistently accreting low-mass X-ray binaries. A thermonuclear X-ray burst was detected with the all-sky monitor on RXTE. This is only the second such burst seen in 1RXS J171824.2-402934 in more than 20 Ms of observations done over 19 years. The low burst recurrence rate is in line with the low accretion rate. The persistent nature and low accretion rate can be reconciled within accretion disk theory if the binary system is ultracompact. An unprecedentedly short orbital period of less than approximately 7 minutes would be implied. An ultracompact nature, together with the properties of the type I X-ray burst, suggests, in turn, that helium-rich material is accreted. Optical follow-up of the Chandra error region does not reveal an unambiguous counterpart.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted by A&A on August 23, 2009
Bandgaps and band bowing in semiconductor alloys
Creators: name: Sandu, Titus
name: Iftimie, Radu I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bandgap and band bowing parameter of semiconductor alloys are calculated with a fast and realistic approach. The method is a dielectric scaling approximation that is based on a scissor approximation. It adds an energy shift to the bandgap provided by the local density approximation (LDA) of the density functional theory (DFT). The energy shift consists of a material-independent constant weighted by the inverse of the high-frequency dielectric constant. The salient feature of the approach is the fast calculation of the dielectric constant of alloys via the Green function (GF) of the TB-LMTO (tight-binding linear muffin-tin orbitals) in the atomic sphere approximation (ASA). When it is applied to highly mismatched semiconductor alloys (HMAs) like Zn Te$_x$ Se$_{1-x}$, this method provides a band bowing parameter that is different from the band bowing parameter calculated with the LDA due to the bowing exhibited also by the high-frequency dielectric constant.
description: 6 pages, 2 figure, accepted in Solid State Communications
Apertura del Calendario de  Encuentros de las Redes 2025
Creators: name: Souza, João Paulo
Publisher: name: BIREME/OPS/OMS
Year: 2025
Subjects: Bibliotecas Digitales
l: Bases de Datos Bibliográficas

description: Fortalecimiento de las Redes de Información en Salud en AL&C 2025

Webinario de Lanzamiento del Calendario 2025 de Encuentros con la Red BVS. 

Día: jueves 13 de marzo de 2025 

Hora: 13:00 (Brasilia, GMT-3) 

 

Ponentes 

Dr. João Paulo Souza, Director, BIREME/OPS/OMS – Innovación en Productos y Servicios de Información 

Verónica Abdala, Gerente de Servicios y Productos de Información, BIREME/OPS/OMS – Lanzamiento del Calendario 2025 de Encuentros con la Red BVS  

 

Este evento es gratuito y se llevará a cabo en español en la plataforma Zoom. Para obtener más información, visite: bit.ly/fortalecimiento-redes-inf-salud-ALC-2025 

 

Perspectivas para 2025: Red de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS)
Three-algebra for supermembrane and two-algebra for superstring
Creators: name: Lee, Kanghoon
name: Park, Jeong-Hyuck
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While string or Yang-Mills theories are based on Lie algebra or two-algebra structure, recent studies indicate that M-theory may require a one higher, three-algebra structure. Here we construct a covariant action for a supermembrane in eleven dimensions, which is invariant under global supersymmetry, local fermionic symmetry and worldvolume diffeomorphism. Our action is classically on-shell equivalent to the celebrated Bergshoeff-Sezgin-Townsend action. However, the novelty is that we spell the action genuinely in terms of Nambu three-brackets: All the derivatives appear through Nambu brackets and hence it manifests the three-algebra structure. Further the double dimensional reduction of our action gives straightforwardly to a type IIA string action featuring two-algebra. Applying the same method, we also construct a covariant action for type IIB superstring, leading directly to the IKKT matrix model.
description: 1+15 pages, no figure; Refs added, Accepted for publication in JHEP
Study of the Gribov region in Euclidean Yang-Mills theories in the maximal Abelian gauge
Creators: name: Capri, M. A. L.
name: Gomez, A. J.
name: Lemes, V. E. R.
name: Sobreiro, R. F.
name: Sorella, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the Gribov region in SU(2) Euclidean Yang-Mills theories in the maximal Abelian gauge are investigated. This region turns out to be bounded in all off-diagonal directions, while it is unbounded along the diagonal one. The soft breaking of the BRST invariance due to the restriction of the domain of integration in the path integral to the Gribov region is scrutinized. Owing to the unboundedness in the diagonal direction, the invariance with respect to Abelian transformations is preserved, a property which is at the origin of the local U(1) Ward identity of the maximal Abelian gauge.
description: 15 pages, one reference added, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Magnetic component of gluon plasma and its viscosity
Creators: name: Chernodub, M. N.
name: Verschelde, H.
name: Zakharov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the role of the magnetic degrees of freedom of the gluon plasma in its viscosity. The main assumption is that motions of the magnetic component and of the rest of the plasma can be considered as independent. The magnetic component in the deconfined phase is described by a three-dimensional (Euclidean) field theory. The parameters of the theory can be estimated phenomenologically, from the lattice data. It is not ruled out that the magnetic component is superfluid.
description: 6 pages, no figures, RevTeX 4.0
title: Dr. Howard E. Fauver, Jr., MD Oral History Interview Transcript
Creators: name: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Publisher: name: University Archives, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814
Year: 2008
Subjects: classificationCode: 3
subject: FOS: Medical and health sciences
classificationCode: 6.1
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: USU Oral History Interview Transcript
Dr. Howard E. Fauver, Jr., MD
Associate Dean Graduate Medical Education
04-09-2008
Interviewed by Megan Guglielmi
title: Conceptual metaphor teaching: its effects on reading comprehension and metaphor learning and retention
Creators: name: Alghahtani, Ghadeer Abdlmohsin
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: This thesis sought to investigate figurative language teaching in the context of L2 
learning in a Saudi Arabian university, through the lens of cognitive linguistics. More 
specifically, the aim was to explore the ways in which female L2 Saudi university learners’ 
reading comprehension, and their learning and retention of metaphoric expressions, are impacted 
by conceptual metaphor teaching. A mixed-methods quasi-experimental design was used to 
explore 210 female students’ general understanding of reading texts and the metaphoric 
expressions embedded within those texts. These students’ ability to transfer the newly learned 
metaphoric knowledge to new untaught metaphors within the reading texts was also investigated. 
In addition, the learning and 2-week retention of metaphoric expressions was assessed. 
Moreover, students’ perceptions of the different teaching methodologies they were exposed to, as 
well as their thoughts on the strategies they chose when understanding the reading texts and 
metaphoric expressions, were investigated through interviews with 16 students. 
Students in the intervention group (108) received conceptual metaphor teaching of 
metaphoric expressions, whereas comparison group participants (102) received teaching of 
semantic meanings of the same expressions. An analysis of the findings showed a statistically 
significant improvement for students in the intervention group, both in their comprehension of 
reading texts and understanding of metaphors, including taught and untaught metaphoric 
expressions. In fact, in all elements of the analysis, participants who experienced the intervention 
demonstrated the most progress from pre- to immediate post-tests. Furthermore, these positive 
results, in relation to both metaphor understanding and reading comprehension, were shown to 
be longer-term, with the intervention group maintaining progress throughout the study (the 2-
week delayed post-test). Importantly, students who received conceptual metaphor teaching were 
able to transfer the knowledge to new metaphoric expressions outside the learned conceptual 
metaphors. In contrast, the comparison group showed no statistically significant improvement 
between any of the three time points. In fact, their scores declined from the immediate to the 
delayed post-test, illustrating that they were not able to transfer the knowledge of the semantic 
explanation teaching they received, to new metaphors.
Effects of Diversity and Procrastination in Priority Queuing Theory: the Different Power Law Regimes
Creators: name: Saichev, A.
name: Sornette, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Empirical analysis show that, after the update of a browser, the publication of the vulnerability of a software, or the discovery of a cyber worm, the fraction of computers still using the older version, or being not yet patched, or exhibiting worm activity decays as power laws $\sim 1/t^α$ with $0 < α\leq 1$ over time scales of years. We present a simple model for this persistence phenomenon framed within the standard priority queuing theory, of a target task which has the lowest priority compared with all other tasks that flow on the computer of an individual. We identify a "time deficit" control parameter $β$ and a bifurcation to a regime where there is a non-zero probability for the target task to never be completed. The distribution of waiting time ${\cal T}$ till the completion of the target task has the power law tail $\sim 1/t^{1/2}$, resulting from a first-passage solution of an equivalent Wiener process. Taking into account a diversity of time deficit parameters in a population of individuals, the power law tail is changed into $1/t^α$ with $α\in(0.5,\infty)$, including the well-known case $1/t$. We also study the effect of "procrastination", defined as the situation in which the target task may be postponed or delayed even after the individual has solved all other pending tasks. This new regime provides an explanation for even slower apparent decay and longer persistence.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures
A general framework for implementing NLO calculations in shower Monte Carlo programs: the POWHEG BOX
Creators: name: Alioli, Simone
name: Nason, Paolo
name: Oleari, Carlo
name: Re, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we illustrate the POWHEG BOX, a general computer code framework for implementing NLO calculations in shower Monte Carlo programs according to the POWHEG method. Aim of this work is to provide an illustration of the needed theoretical ingredients, a view of how the code is organized and a description of what a user should provide in order to use it.
description: 57 pages, 4 figures
Supplementary details on methodology and results from An initial but receding altercentric bias in preverbal infants' memory
Creators: name: Manea, Velisar
name: Kampis, Dora
name: Grosse Wiesmann, Charlotte
name: Revencu, Barbu
name: Southgate, Victoria
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Details on software, materials, analyses (frequentist analyses) and other decisions during the study. Extra figures, tables, decisions. Replicated conditions discussed separately for the frequentist reporting.
Discerning the physical origins of cosmological Gamma-ray bursts based on multiple observational criteria: the cases of z=6.7 GRB 080913, z=8.3 GRB 090423, and some short/hard GRBs
Creators: name: Zhang, Bing
name: Zhang, Bin-Bin
name: Virgili, Francisco J.
name: Liang, En-Wei
name: Kann, D. Alexander
name: Wu, Xue-Feng
name: Proga, Daniel
name: Lv, Hou-Jun
name: Toma, Kenji
name: Meszaros, Peter
name: Burrows, David N.
name: Roming, Peter W. A.
name: Gehrels, Neil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) The two high-redshift gamma-ray bursts, GRB 080913 at z=6.7 and GRB 090423 at z=8.3, recently detected by Swift appear as intrinsically short, hard GRBs. They could have been recognized by BATSE as short/hard GRBs should they have occurred at z <= 1. We perform a more thorough investigation on two physically distinct types (Type I/II) of cosmological GRBs and their observational characteristics. We reiterate the definitions of Type I/II GRBs and review the observational criteria and their physical motivations. Contrary to the traditional approach of assigning the physical category based on the gamma-ray properties (duration, hardness, and spectral lag), we take an alternative approach to define the Type I and Type II Gold Samples using several criteria that are more directly related to the GRB progenitors, and study the properties of the two Gold Samples and compare them with the traditional long/soft and short/hard samples. We find that the Type II Gold Sample reasonably tracks the long/soft population, although it includes several intrinsically short (shorter than 1s in the rest frame) GRBs. The Type I Gold Sample only has 5 GRBs, 4 of which are not strictly short but have extended emission. Other short/hard GRBs detected in the Swift era represent the BATSE short/hard sample well, but it is unclear whether all of them belong to Type I. We suggest that some (probably even most) high-luminosity short/hard GRBs instead belong to Type II. We suggest that GRB 080913 and GRB 090423 are more likely Type II events. We re-emphasize the importance of invoking multiple observational criteria, and cautiously propose an operational procedure to infer the physical origin of a given GRB with available multiple observational criteria, with various caveats laid out.
description: 32 pages, ApJ, in press. The strengths and weaknesses of physical classification and its relation to phenomenological classification are fully discussed in a newly added section 3. Discussions on GRBs 090423, 090426, and 090510 are included
Additional file 3 of Identification of specific susceptibility loci for the early-onset colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Wang, Haoxue
name: Cai, Yimin
name: Jin, Meng
name: Huang, Chao Qun
name: Ning, Caibo
name: Niu, Siyuan
name: Fan, Linyun
name: Li, Bin
name: Zhang, Ming
name: Lu, Zequn
name: Dong, Xuesi
name: Luo, Zilin
name: Zhong, Rong
name: Li, Heng
name: Zhu, Ying
name: Miao, Xiaoping
name: Yang, Xiaojun
name: Chang, Jiang
name: Li, Ni
name: Tian, Jianbo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. The codes used for statistical analysis and generation of tables and figures.
Renormalization flows in complex networks
Creators: name: Radicchi, Filippo
name: Barrat, Alain
name: Fortunato, Santo
name: Ramasco, Jose J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex networks have acquired a great popularity in recent years, since the graph representation of many natural, social and technological systems is often very helpful to characterize and model their phenomenology. Additionally, the mathematical tools of statistical physics have proven to be particularly suitable for studying and understanding complex networks. Nevertheless, an important obstacle to this theoretical approach is still represented by the difficulties to draw parallelisms between network science and more traditional aspects of statistical physics. In this paper, we explore the relation between complex networks and a well known topic of statistical physics: renormalization. A general method to analyze renormalization flows of complex networks is introduced. The method can be applied to study any suitable renormalization transformation. Finite-size scaling can be performed on computer-generated networks in order to classify them in universality classes. We also present applications of the method on real networks.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Pion form factor in the QCD sum-rule approach with nonlocal condensates
Creators: name: Bakulev, Alexander P.
name: Pimikov, A. V.
name: Stefanis, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a calculation of the electromagnetic pion form factor within the framework of QCD Sum Rules with nonlocal condensates, using a perturbative spectral density which includes $O(α_s)$ contributions.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, talk presented by the first author at the International Meeting "Excited QCD", February 8--14, 2009, Zakopane (Poland), typos and references corrected
Use of stem cells for healing of bone and cartilage defects
Creators: name: Manjusha K M1, Amarpal1, Ajmi, Bin Azeez2, Vikash Chandra2, Rohit Kumar1, AM Pawde1
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description: Stem cells have emerged as a cornerstone in the realm of bone tissue engineering, revolutionizing the field with their remarkable potential to address bone defects and enhance regenerative medicine strategies. The remarkable potential of these adaptable cells, encompassing embryonic stem cells (ESCs), mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow (BM-MSCs), mesenchymal stem cells sourced from umbilical cord blood (UCB-MSCs), stem cells originating from adipose tissue (ADSCs), stem cells derived from muscle tissue (MDSCs), and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), lies in their distinctive capacity to undergo differentiation into osteogenic lineages-the essential components in the intricate process of bone formation. By inducing the controlled differentiation of these stem cells into osteoblasts, the bone-forming cells essential for bone growth and repair, researchers are unlocking new avenues to construct functional, biocompatible bone substitutes and advanced therapies that have the potential to transform the landscape of bone tissue engineering and orthopaedic medicine.
Electron-phonon coupling and charge gap in spin-density-wave iron-pnictides from quasiparticle relaxation dynamics
Creators: name: Stojchevska, L.
name: Kusar, P.
name: Mertelj, T.
name: Kabanov, V. V.
name: Lin, X.
name: Cao, G. H.
name: Xu, Z. A.
name: Mihailovic, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quasiparticle relaxation and low-energy electronic structure in undoped SrFe_2As_2 exhibiting spin-density wave (SDW) ordering using optical pump-probe femtosecond spectroscopy. A remarkable critical slowing down of the quasiparticle relaxation dynamics at the SDW transition temperature T_SDW = 200K is observed. From temperature dependence of the transient reflectivity amplitude we determine the SDW-state charge gap magnitude, 2Delta_SDW/k_BT_SDW=7.2+-1. The second moment of the Eliashberg function, lambda=110+-10meV^2, determined from the relaxation time above T_SDW, is similar to SmFeAsO and BaFe_2As_2 indicating a rather small electron phonon coupling constant unless the electron-phonon spectral function (alpha^2F(omega) is strongly enhanced in the low-energy phonon region.
Entanglement dynamics for the double Tavis-Cummings model
Creators: name: Man, Zhong-Xiao
name: Xia, Yun-Jie
name: An, Nguyen Ba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A double Tavis-Cummings model (DTCM) is developed to simulate the entanglement dynamics of realistic quantum information processing where two entangled atom-pairs $AB$ and $CD$ are distributed in such a way that atoms $AC$ are embedded in a cavity $a$ while $BD$ are located in another remote cavity $b$. The evolutions of different types of initially shared entanglement of atoms are studied under various initial states of cavity fields. The results obtained in the DTCM are compared with that obtained in the double Jaynes-Cummings model (DJCM) [J. Phys. B \textbf{40}, S45 (2007)] and an interaction strength theory is proposed to explain the parameter domain in which the so-called entanglement sudden death occurs for both the DTCM and DJCM.
description: 11 figures
Supplementary document for Organelle-Specific Phase Contrast Microscopy (OS-PCM) enables facile correlation study of organelles and proteins - 6756332.pdf
Creators: name: chen, chen
name: Smith, Zachary
name: Fang, Jingde
name: Chu, Kaiqin
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supplemental material
Supplementary document for Combined fluorescence lifetime and depth imaging of biological tissue - 6706869.pdf
Creators: name: Hopkinson, Charlotte
name: Matheson, Andrew
name: Finlayson, Neil
name: Tanner, Michael
name: Akram, Ahsan
name: Henderson, Robert
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Info
Effective string theory constraints on the long distance behavior of the subleading potentials
Creators: name: Perez-Nadal, Guillem
name: Soto, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of heavy quarkonium systems in the strong coupling regime reduces to a quantum mechanical problem with a number of potentials which may be organized in powers of 1/m, m being the heavy quark mass. The potentials must be calculated non-perturbatively, for instance in lattice QCD. It is well known that the long distance behavior of the static (1/m^0) potential is well reproduced by an effective string theory. We show that this effective string theory, if correct, should also reproduce the long distance behavior of all 1/m suppressed potentials. We demonstrate the practical usefulness of this result by finding a suitable parameterization of the recently calculated 1/m potential. We also calculate the 1/m^2 velocity dependent and spin dependent potentials. Once Poincaré invariance is implemented, the shapes of most of the spin independent potentials are fully predicted in terms of the string tension, and the shapes of the spin dependent ones in terms of a single parameter.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, reference and explanations added. Journal version
Hybrid Testbed for Security Research in Software-Defined Networks
Creators: name: Windisch, Fritz
name: Abedi, Kamyar
name: Doan, Tung
name: Strufe, Thorsten
name: Nguyen, Giang T.
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Year: 2023
Subjects: Network slicing
Emulation
Prototypes
Hardware
Topology
Network function virtualization
Security

description: Tele-operations require secure end-to-end Network Slicing leveraging Software-Defined Networking to meet the diverse requirements of multi-modal data streams. Research on network slicing needs tools to develop prototypes quickly that work on emulation and practical deployment. However, state-of-the-art tools focus only on emulation, needing more support for a mixed testbed, including hardware devices. We decouple the topology generating from the actual deployment on destination domains and apply a divide-and-conquer approach. The master coordinator generates an Intermediate Representation (IR) layer, a serialization of the topology. Via a toolchain, the worker coordinators at autonomous systems convert the IR into full or partial deployment scripts. The testbed introduces a marginal overhead by design, allowing for flexible deployment of complex topologies to study secure end-to-end Network Slicing.
Calibration of Photomultiplier Arrays
Creators: name: Neves, F.
name: Chepel, V.
name: Akimov, D. Yu.
name: Araujo, H. M.
name: Barnes, E. J.
name: Belov, V. A.
name: Burenkov, A. A.
name: Currie, A.
name: Edwards, B.
name: Ghag, C.
name: Horn, M.
name: Hughes, A. J.
name: Kalmus, G. E.
name: Kobyakin, A. S.
name: Kovalenko, A. G.
name: Lebedenko, V. N.
name: Lindote, A.
name: Lopes, M. I.
name: Luscher, R.
name: Lyons, K.
name: Majewski, P.
name: Murphy, A. StJ.
name: da Cunha, J. Pinto
name: Preece, R.
name: Quenby, J. J.
name: Scovell, P. R.
name: Silva, C.
name: Solovov, V. N.
name: Smith, N. J. T.
name: Smith, P. F.
name: Stekhanov, V. N.
name: Sumner, T. J.
name: Thorne, C.
name: Walker, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is described that allows calibration and assessment of the linearity of response of an array of photomultiplier tubes. The method does not require knowledge of the photomultiplier single photoelectron response model and uses science data directly, thus eliminating the need for dedicated data sets. In this manner all photomultiplier working conditions (e.g. temperature, external fields, etc) are exactly matched between calibration and science acquisitions. This is of particular importance in low background experiments such as ZEPLIN-III, where methods involving the use of external light sources for calibration are severely constrained.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
АЛЬГОЦЕНОЗЫ ПЛАНКТОНА И БЕНТОСА ВЫСОКОМИНЕРАЛИЗОВАННЫХ ВОДОЁМОВ МУЙНАКA
Creators: name: Эшмуродова, Наргиза
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Мақолада Амударё дельтасидаги Муйноқ сув ҳавзасининг гидрокимёвий, гидрофизик кўрсаткичлари ва сув ўтларининг ҳозирги ҳолати ва биохилма-хиллигини ўрганиш, шунингдек, турлар таркиби ва тизимли таҳлили бўйича тадқиқот натижалари келтирилган.
Dynamical correlations near dislocation jamming
Creators: name: Laurson, Lasse
name: Miguel, M. -Carmen
name: Alava, Mikko J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dislocation assemblies exhibit a jamming or yielding transition at a critical external shear stress value $σ=σ_c$. Nevertheless the nature of this transition has not been ascertained. Here we study the heterogeneous and collective nature of dislocation dynamics within a crystal plasticity model close to $σ_c$, by considering the first-passage properties of the dislocation dynamics. As the transition is approached in the moving phase, the first passage time distribution exhibits scaling, and a related peak {\it dynamical} susceptibility $χ_4^*$ diverges as $χ_4^* \sim (σ-σ_c)^{-α}$, with $α\approx 1.1$. We relate this scaling to an avalanche description of the dynamics. While the static structural correlations are found to be independent of the external stress, we identify a diverging dynamical correlation length $ξ_y$ in the direction perpendicular to the dislocation glide motion.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Supplementary document for Functionalized optical fiber ball-shaped biosensor for label-free, low-limit detection of IL-8 protein - 6650603.pdf
Creators: name: Rashidova, Gyunel
name: Tilegen, Meruyert
name: Pham, Tri
name: Bekmurzayeva, Aliya
name: Tosi, Daniele
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document after revision
title: Self-Supervised Learning of Machine Ethics
Creators: name: Schramowski, Patrick
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: In recent years Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially deep learning, has proven to be a technology driver in industry. However, while advancing existing and creating novel technologies, automatizing processes, and assisting humans in essential areas such as drug discovery, they raise many concerns, like other groundbreaking novel technologies before. In this case, these concerns include, for instance, models producing stereotypical and derogatory content as well as gender and racial biases. Since AI technologies will permeate more of our lives in the coming years, these concerns need to be addressed. This thesis examines recent data-driven approaches, which often suffer from degenerated and biased behavior through their self-supervised training on large-scale noisy web data, containing potential inappropriate data. While this is well-established, we will investigate and demonstrate the promises of deep models’ acquired knowledge and capabilities through the provision of this very particular potentially inappropriate data. Importantly, we present the first approaches for learning ethics from data. Our findings suggest that if we build an AI system that learns an improved representation of data and that is able to better understand and produce it, in the process, it will also acquire more accurate societal knowledge, in this case, historical cultural associations to make human-like "right" and "wrong" choices. Furthermore, based on these findings, we consequently ask the arguably "circular" question of whether a machine can help us mitigate their associated concerns. Importantly, we demonstrate the importance of their ability to distinguish between "right" and "wrong" and how utilizing them can mitigate associated risks surrounding large-scale models themselves. However, we also highlight the role of human-machine interaction to explore and reinforce AI systems’ properties, including their flaws and merits, and present how human feedback on explanations can align deep learning based models with our precepts. We present these algorithms and corresponding findings, providing important insights for the goal of putting human values into AI systems, which, summarized, may not be insurmountable in the long run.
Dalla competizione alla collaborazione: Scienza Aperta per una ricerca più riproducibile e sostenibile
Creators: name: Miniussi, Carlo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Open Science
Scienza Aperta

description: La Scienza Aperta rappresenta un cambio di paradigma fondamentale nella pratica scientifica, basato su trasparenza, condivisione e collaborazione tra ricercatori. Questo approccio supera il tradizionale modello competitivo, promuovendo un ambiente in cui la cooperazione diventa il fulcro per migliorare l'affidabilità e la riproducibilità della ricerca scientifica. Adottare pratiche di Scienza Aperta non solo rafforza la credibilità della comunità scientifica, ma offre anche vantaggi tangibili, come una maggiore efficienza nei processi di ricerca, una condivisione più equa delle risorse e la creazione di network più solidi e inclusivi. Durante il seminario, verranno esplorate le ragioni per cui è cruciale abbracciare la Scienza Aperta, affrontando i limiti del modello competitivo. Saranno inoltre discusse strategie pratiche per favorire una transizione efficace verso un approccio collaborativo e riproducibile.