cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Voices from "Out of the Cold" : autoethnographic community-based action research of a free meal program
Creators: name: Chu, Mei Yu Queenie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: My first observation of the "Out of the Cold" (OOC) weekly meals and shelter program organized by the Grandview Calvary Baptist Church in Vancouver, BC, is that it is increasingly crowded. What feeds into this specific crowd and into the global picture of malnutrition and poverty? In part, decreasing public services and increasing cost of living exacerbate social problems associated with unemployment. Private and political institutions also influence food security and environmental integrity. With criticisms against charities, is OOC a valid way to help people? Yes and no. No, because there are signs of user dependency and of public safety net falling related to the emergence of privately organized relief. Yes, because many people do not have the resources to free themselves from whatever entraps them in poverty. Community development projects require participants to have a basic level of stability and hope for the future that many do not have. It is a place for some of the most vulnerable people in our society including the mentally and physically ill, homeless, addicts, and elderly. People who come to OOC value the good food in a hassle-free atmosphere that provides opportunity for social connection. To them, good food means safe, nutritious, tasty, appetizing, and choice of vegetarian and non-vegetarian. At the Crossroads Drop-in house that oversees OOC, organizers have opportunities for further connections and empowerment, but OOC can also develop empowering activities such as a participant advisory committee (PAC) that was formed during this Community- Based Action Research study. This PAC dealt with overcrowding by adding the use of a hallway for the overflow crowd and by limiting line-ups that take up floor space. Other ideas for empowering individuals and educating the public include food preparation and service training, community kitchens, buying directly from local farmers, community gardening, composting/recycling, networking with other programs, liaising with government authorities, volunteer training, and follow-up of non-returning volunteers. The methods used in this study are Autoethnographic and Community-based Action Research with Trans-disciplinary Re-contextualization discussions. Considering OOC in its contexts leads to the question, "How would OOC look if long-term sustainable food security for everyone equitably were a goal?"
The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity
Creators: name: Currie, Janet
name: DellaVigna, Stefano
name: Moretti, Enrico
name: Pathania, Vikram
name: Currie, Janet
name: DellaVigna, Stefano
name: Moretti, Enrico
name: Pathania, Vikram
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: We investigate the health consequences of changes in the supply of fast food using the exact geographical location of fast food restaurants. Specifically, we ask how the supply of fast food affects the obesity rates of 3 million school children and the weight gain of over 1 million pregnant women. We find that among 9th grade children, a fast food restaurant within a tenth of a mile of a school is associated with at least a 5.2 percent increase in obesity rates. There is no discernable effect at .25 miles and at .5 miles. Among pregnant women, models with mother fixed effects indicate that a fast food restaurant within a half mile of her residence results in a 2.5 percent increase in the probability of gaining over 20 kilos. The effect is larger, but less precisely estimated at .1 miles. In contrast, the presence of non-fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with obesity and weight gain. Moreover, proximity to future fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with current obesity and weight gain, conditional on current proximity to fast food. The implied effects of fast-food on caloric intake are at least one order of magnitude smaller for mothers, which suggests that they are less constrained by travel costs than school children. Our results imply that policies restricting access to fast food near schools could have significant effects on obesity among school children, but similar policies restricting the availability of fast food in residential areas are unlikely to have large effects on adults.
Sarcophaga (Helicophagella) crassimargo Pandelle 1896
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga crassimargo

description: Sarcophaga (Helicophagella) crassimargo PANDELLE, 1896
Bgld, Donnerskirchen, Kirchberg, 25.4.17.
Neu für Burgenland.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 788, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
Parity nonconserving interactions of electrons in chiral molecules with cosmic fields
Creators: name: Gaul, Konstantin
name: Kozlov, Mikhail G.
name: Isaev, Timur A.
name: Berger, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pseudoscalar or pseudovector cosmic fields, that serve as a source of parity ($\mathcal{P}$) violation, are invoked in different models for cold dark matter or in the standard model extension that allows for Lorentz invariance violation. A direct detection of the timelike-component of such fields requires a direct measurement of $\mathcal{P}$-odd potentials or their evolution over time. Herein, advantageous properties of chiral molecules, in which $\mathcal{P}$-odd potentials lead to resonance frequency differences between enantiomers, for direct detection of such $\mathcal{P}$-odd cosmic fields are demonstrated. Scaling behavior of electronic structure enhancements of such interactions with respect to nuclear charge number and the fine-structure constant is derived analytically. This allows a simple estimate of the effect sizes for arbitrary molecules. The analytical derivation is supported by quasi-relativistic numerical calculations in the molecules H$_2$X$_2$ and H$_2$XO with X $=$ O, S, Se, Te, Po. Parity violating effects due to cosmic fields on the C--F stretching mode in CHBrClF are compared to electroweak parity violation and influences of non-separable anharmonic vibrational corrections are discussed. On this basis it was estimated from a twenty year old experiment with CHBrClF that bounds on Lorentz invariance violation as characterized by the parameter $|b^\mathrm{e}_0|$ can be pushed down to the order of $10^{-17}\,\mathrm{GeV}$ in modern experiments with suitably selected molecular system, which will be an improvement of the current best limits by at least two orders of magnitude. This serves to highlight the particular opportunities that precision spectroscopy of chiral molecules provides in the search for new physics beyond the standard model.
description: 16 pages, 6 tables, 5 figures
Growth kinetics and atomistic mechanisms of native oxidation of ZrS$_x$Se$_{2-x}$ and MoS$_2$ crystals
Creators: name: Jo, Seong Soon
name: Singh, Akshay
name: Yang, Liqiu
name: Tiwari, Subodh C.
name: Hong, Sungwook
name: Krishnamoorthy, Aravind
name: Sales, Maria Gabriela
name: Oliver, Sean M.
name: Fox, Joshua
name: Cavalero, Randal L.
name: Snyder, David W.
name: Vora, Patrick M.
name: McDonnell, Stephen J.
name: Vashishta, Priya
name: Kalia, Rajiv K.
name: Nakano, Aiichiro
name: Jaramillo, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thorough understanding of native oxides is essential for designing semiconductor devices. Here we report a study of the rate and mechanisms of spontaneous oxidation of bulk single crystals of ZrS$_x$Se$_{2-x}$ alloys and MoS$_2$. ZrS$_x$Se$_{2-x}$ alloys oxidize rapidly, and the oxidation rate increases with Se content. Oxidation of basal surfaces is initiated by favorable O$_2$ adsorption and proceeds by a mechanism of Zr-O bond switching, that collapses the van der Waals gaps, and is facilitated by progressive redox transitions of the chalcogen. The rate-limiting process is the formation and out-diffusion of SO$_2$. In contrast, MoS$_2$ basal surfaces are stable due to unfavorable oxygen adsorption. Our results provide insight and quantitative guidance for designing and processing semiconductor devices based on ZrS$_x$Se$_{2-x}$ and MoS$_2$, and identify the atomistic-scale mechanisms of bonding and phase transformations in layered materials with competing anions.
Quantum state tomography of molecular rotation
Creators: name: Mouritzen, Anders S.
name: Molmer, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the rotational quantum state of a linear or symmetric top rotor can be reconstructed from finite time observations of the polar angular distribution under certain conditions. The presented tomographic method can reconstruct the complete rotational quantum state in many non-adiabatic alignment experiments. Our analysis applies for measurement data available with existing measurement techniques.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
A pandemic-resilient open-inquiry physical science lab course which leverages the Maker movement
Creators: name: Bradbury, F. R.
name: Pols, C. F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Without any major changes, a pilot version of a physical science lab course was able to continue when the COVID-19 crisis necessitated the abrupt suspension of on-campus education. The 'Maker Lab' course, in which students conceive and set up their own experiments using affordable microcontrollers, required students to follow the entire arc of an empirical research cycle twice. The decision for and facilitation of such open-inquiry projects was based on and warranted by the literature on teaching the process of experimental research and methods of scientific research. The flipped classroom approach was used, where contact time is devoted to discussions and the students' actual experiments were carried out independently at home or elsewhere without the in-person supervision of an instructor. Despite the COVID-19 measures, all students were able to produce interesting and successful research projects. While there were of course difficulties encountered due to the abrupt transition to online teaching, we found several counterbalancing advantages that bear consideration for inclusion even when all teaching activities can return to campus. We believe that three components in the design of the course were vital to the resilience of the course: the choice for fully open-inquiry projects, the decision to use Arduinos as measurement tools, and the flipped aspect of the instruction methods. We also include considerations for adapting these pandemic-resilient methods in other courses and programs.
description: 9 pages
Reforming the EU's Common Agricultural Policy: Health Check, Budget Review, Doha Round
Creators: name: Zahrnt, Valentin
name: Zahrnt, Valentin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Political Economy
subject: CAP
subject: EU
subject: multifunctionality
subject: subsidies

description: Policy-makers are quarrelling about the future of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). France intends to conclude a CAP reform during its 2008 EU Presidency before a thorough Budget Review is due in 2009 that will revise CAP spending. The Doha Round of WTO negotiations might necessitate further decisions on agricultural tariff cuts at any time. This Policy Brief provides recommendations for agricultural policy reform in the EU. It argues, first, that all measures that distort market prices and production should be abolished. This includes production quotas, land set-asides, storage aids, export refunds, output payments, and area payments. Second, the Single Farm Payment (SFP), which provides income support to farmers independently of their current production decisions, should be phased out because it does not serve any societal need. Third, targeted subsidies that reward farmers for providing socially valued services that are not remunerated on the market, such as maintaining scenic landscapes, should be adapted. Many of these subsidies should be provided at the national or local level without or with little EU co-financing.
Microfinance and Environment: Does the Participation in the Microcredit Based Social Forestry of Proshika in Bangladesh Improve Environmental Literacy?
Creators: name: Chowdhury, M. Jahangir Alam
name: Chowdhury, M. Jahangir Alam
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Microcredit
subject: Social Forestry
subject: Environmental Literacy
subject: Proshika
subject: Bangladesh

description: The study intends to assess the impact of the participation in the microcredit based social forestry program of Proshika in Bangladesh on the environmental literacy of participating households. The analysis is based on a household-level survey of 450 households. Considering the endogeneity in program participation, the instrumental variable (IV) technique has been used to achieve the objective of the paper. The results indicate that the participation in the social forestry program of Proshika significantly enhances the environmental literacy of participating households.
Sarcophaga (Helicophagella) hirticrus Pandelle 1896
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga hirticrus

description: Sarcophaga (Helicophagella) hirticrus PANDELLE, 1896
Bgld, Donnerskirchen, Kirchberg, 25.4.17, 7 Ex; St. Margarethen, NSG Nord, 6.5.17, 11x; Hornstein, Ruine, 10.5.17; St. Georgen b. Eisenstadt, Hetscherlberg, 22.5.17, 2 Ex; Winden, Hackelsberg, 30.4.17.
Neu für Burgenland.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 789, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
Grammatical and Lexical Mistakes that Occur while Using the Machine Translation Systems Prompt and Google Translate
Creators: name: Martynova, Irina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: The article deals with the problem of adequecy when using Google Translate and Prompt machine translation systems
MOJAVE: Monitoring of Jets in AGN with VLBA Experiments - I. First-Epoch 15 GHz Linear Polarization Images
Creators: name: Lister, M. L.
name: Homan, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first-epoch, milliarcsecond-scale linear polarization images at 15 GHz of 133 jets associated with AGN in the MOJAVE survey (Monitoring of Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei with VLBA Experiments). The sample consists of all known AGN with galactic latitude |b| > 2.5 deg., J2000 declination > -20 deg., and 15 GHz VLBA flux density exceeding 1.5 Jy (2 Jy for sources with declination < 0) at any epoch during the period 1994-2003. Because of strong selection effects, the sample primarily consists of blazars with parsec-scale morphologies consisting of a bright core component at the extreme end of a one-sided jet. At least one third of the compact cores are completely unresolved on the longest VLBA baselines, indicating brightness temperatures above 10^{11} K. The unresolved cores tend to have electric vectors that are aligned with the inner jet direction, suggesting the presence of a stationary transverse shock near the base of the jet. Many of the extended jet regions display exceedingly high fractional polarizations (> 50%) and electric vectors aligned with the jet ridge line, consistent with optically thin emission from transverse shocks. Both weak- and strong-lined blazars show a general increase in fractional polarization with distance down the jet, but BL Lac jets are generally more polarized and have electric vectors preferentially aligned with the local jet direction. We show that these differences are intrinsic to the jets, and not due to sample bias. Distinct features in the jets of gamma-ray loud (EGRET) blazars are typically twice as luminous as those in non-EGRET blazars, and are more polarized. These differences can be adequately explained if EGRET blazars have slightly higher Doppler boosting factors than those not yet detected in gamma-rays.
description: 48 pages, 13 figures. Submitted for publication in the Astronomical Journal. A 5 Mb version of the manuscript with high-resolution figures can be found at http://www.physics.purdue.edu/astro/MOJAVE/paper1/ms.ps.gz
Sarcophaga (Helicophagella) melanura Meigen 1826
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga melanura

description: Sarcophaga (Helicophagella) melanura MEIGEN, 1826
Bgld, Illmitz, Hölle, 14.6.17.
Neu für Burgenland.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 789, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
Some Novel Contributions to Radiative B Decay in Supersymmetry without R-parity
Creators: name: Kong, Otto C. W.
name: Vaidya, Rishikesh D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic analysis at the leading log order of the influence of combination of bilinear and trilinear R-parity violating couplings on the decay b-->s gamma. Such contributions have never been explored in the context of this decay. We show that influence of charged-slepton-Higgs mixing mediated loops can dominate the SM and MSSM contributions and hence can provide strong bounds on the combination of bilinear-trilinear R-parity violating couplings. Such contributions are also enhanced by large tan beta. With substantially extended basis of operators (28 operators), we provide illustrative analytical formulae of the major contributions to complement our complete numerical results which demonstrate the importance of QCD running effects.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Retardation Terms in The One-Gluon Exchange Potential
Creators: name: Su, Jun-Chen
name: Chen, Jian-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is pointed out that the retardation terms given in the original Fermi-Breit potential vanish in the center of mass frame. The retarded one-gluon exchange potential is rederived in this paper from the three-dimensional one-gluon exchange kernel which appears in the exact three-dimensional relativistic equation for quark-antiquark bound states. The retardation part of the potential given in the approximation of order $p^2/m^2$ is shown to be different from those derived in the previous literature. This part is off-shell and does no longer vanish in the center of mass frame.
Content-Driven Local Response: Supporting Sentence-Level and Message-Level Mobile Email Replies With and Without AI
Creators: name: Zindulka, Tim
name: Goller, Sven
name: Lehmann, Florian
name: Buschek, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.2; I.2.7

description: Mobile emailing demands efficiency in diverse situations, which motivates the use of AI. However, generated text does not always reflect how people want to respond. This challenges users with AI involvement tradeoffs not yet considered in email UIs. We address this with a new UI concept called Content-Driven Local Response (CDLR), inspired by microtasking. This allows users to insert responses into the email by selecting sentences, which additionally serves to guide AI suggestions. The concept supports combining AI for local suggestions and message-level improvements. Our user study (N=126) compared CDLR with manual typing and full reply generation. We found that CDLR supports flexible workflows with varying degrees of AI involvement, while retaining the benefits of reduced typing and errors. This work contributes a new approach to integrating AI capabilities: By redesigning the UI for workflows with and without AI, we can empower users to dynamically adjust AI involvement.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables, ACM CHI 2025
Ion-Phosphate Mode in the DNA Low-Frequency Spectra
Creators: name: Perepelytsya, S. M.
name: Volkov, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The vibrational dynamics of a DNA molecule with counterions neutralizing the charged phosphate groups have been studied. With the help of elaborated model the conformational vibrations of the DNA double helix with alkaline metal ions have been described both qualitatively and quantitatively. For the complexes of DNA with counterions Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+ and Cs+ the normal modes have been found, and a mode characterized by the most notable ion displacements with respect to the DNA backbone has been determined. The frequency of counterion vibrations has been established to decrease as the ion mass increases. The results of theoretical calculation have been showed to be in good agreement with the experimental data of Raman spectroscopy.
description: MiKTeX 2.1, 6 pages with 2 figures
Hydrology of tropical montane cloud forests: A Reassessment
Creators: name: Bruijnzeel, L.A.
name: Bruijnzeel, L.A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Extending an earlier review of the literature (Bruijnzeel and Proctor, 1995), this paper incorporates the results obtained by post-1993 hydrological and hydrometeorological studies in tropical montane cloud forests (TMCF) situated mostly in Latin America and the Caribbean. Based on the presently available information on the hydrological functioning of TMCF, the most pressing gaps in our understanding are highlighted and suggestions offered as to where and how these could be addressed.
Micro- and Nanostructured Diamond in Electrochemistry: Fabrication and Application
Creators: name: Gao, Fang
name: Nebel, Christoph E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fabrication method of diamond nanostructures can be divided into two categories: top-down etching and bottom-growth. The early work on 3D micro-structured diamond dates back to mid-1990s, using chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) techniques. In this technology, carbon or carbide fibers were typically used as the growth template. Almost in parallel, reactive ion etching (RIE) was applied to achieve diamond surface nanostructuring. After that the diamond surface nanostructures, typically vertically aligned diamond nanowires (or nanorods) has been mainly fabricated using top-down plasma etching techniques. In recent year, the templated diamond growth has gained increasing attention due to the wide choice of template, mask-free production, and unlimited surface enlargement. In this chapter, the development and main techniques used in these two approaches will be elaborated. Nevertheless, other less common methods, such as catalytic etching by metal particles, steam activation and selective materials removal will also be discussed. As indicated by the title, this chapter will mainly deal with the application of micro- and nanostructured diamond in electrochemistry. In these applications, the advantage of nanostructured diamond can be divided into three aspects: 1) providing enlarged surface area for charge storage and catalyst deposition; 2) tip-enhanced electrochemical reactions used in sensing applications; 3) diamond membranes with micro- or nanopores can be applied in the electrochemistry separation and purification applications. Examples and explanations on these applications will be given in this chapter.
Discursive constructions of social responsibility
Creators: name: Dharamsi, Shafik
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There is a widespread concern that the dental health care system in North America sustains an inequitable opportunity for accessing care. In response, the term social responsibility appeared in the dental literature, but it is not clear how it is understood and enacted, particularly within the context of a growing desire to enhance access to oral-health care through an affordable, equitable and practical system of delivery. Using an interpretive ethnographic approach, and the analytical and critical techniques of discourse analysis, I studied how 34 participants, comprising dental educators, dentists in private practice, and those in leadership and governance of dentistry, spoke about and accounted for social responsibility in relation to their sense of how the dental health care system operates or should operate and why they see and do things in one way and not another. Competing professional, social, economic, and political views unveiled the moral and practical explanations the participants used to justify their position on social responsibility in dentistry. My findings reveal four competing discursive constructions of social responsibility in dentistry, situated within discursive spaces intersected by individual and collective notions of social responsibility on the one hand, and the acceptance and challenge of the status quo on the other. Each space occupies a range of accounts to explain, rationalize and justify particular viewpoints on social responsibility. The responsibility to treat pain, regardless of compensation, was a social responsibility that was held sacrosanct, and considered a widely accepted code among dentists generally and within dentistry in particular. It provided an agreed upon discursive space in talking and thinking about social responsibility. Problems emerged when particular discursive constructions of social responsibility took on a sense of what was considered so 'natural' and conclusive so as to be unassailable from any other position. There is an obvious tension between competing discourses and the associated constraints and challenges of accepted and dominant norms within dentistry, and the participants' sense of their rights and responsibilities.
Are you are what you eat? Overweight Status and Soft Drink Choices
Creators: name: Huang, Rui
name: Lopez, Rigoberto A.
name: Huang, Rui
name: Lopez, Rigoberto A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: social norm
subject: body weight
subject: food choices

description: The rising obesity during the past three decades poses a severe public health challenge and spurred enormous research interests. This paper contributes to the growing literature on how obesity spreads by empirically investigating whether social norms affect soft drink consumption choices. Combining market level soft drink scanner data and survey data with consumer level characteristics, we employ reduced form regressions to test whether social norms of body weight affects per capita consumption of total or caloric soft drink consumption, on a market level. We also utilize a random-coefficient logit model to examine whether social norms of body weight affect consumer choices on a brand level. Our results from the market level analyses support that a heavier socially normal body weight leads to more average total consumption of soft drink and caloric intake from soft drink, suggesting a social multiplier effect. The results from the brand level choices are less clear at this point.
Liquid-crystal display (LCD) of achromatic, mean-modulated flicker in clinical assessment and experimental studies of visual systems
Creators: name: Hallum, Luke E
name: Cloherty, Shaun L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Achromatic, mean-modulated flicker (wherein luminance increments and decrements of equal magnitude are applied, over time, to a test field) is commonly used in both clinical assessment of vision and experimental studies of visual systems. However, presenting flicker on computer-controlled displays is problematic; displays typically introduce luminance artifacts at high flicker frequency or contrast, potentially interfering with the validity of findings. Here, we present a battery of tests used to weigh the relative merits of two displays for presenting achromatic, mean-modulated flicker. These tests revealed marked differences between a new high-performance liquid-crystal display (LCD; EIZO ColorEdge CG247X) and a new consumer-grade LCD (Dell U2415b), despite displays' vendor-supplied specifications being almost identical. We measured displayed luminance using a spot meter and a linearized photodiode. We derived several measures, including spatial uniformity, the effect of viewing angle, response times, Fourier amplitude spectra, and cycle-averaged luminance. We presented paired luminance pulses to quantify the displays' nonlinear dynamics. The CG247X showed relatively good spatial uniformity (e.g., at moderate luminance, standard deviation 2.8% versus U2415b's 5.3%). Fourier transformation of nominally static test patches revealed spectra free of artifacts, with the exception of a frame response. The CG247X's rise and fall times depended on both the luminance from which, and to which, it responded, as is to be generally expected from LCDs. Despite this nonlinear behaviour, we were able to define a contrast and frequency range wherein the CG247X appeared largely artifact-free; the relationship between nominal luminance and displayed luminance was accurately modelled using a causal, linear time-invariant system. This range included contrasts up to 80%, and flicker frequencies up to 30 Hz.
Groundwater Management in the Presence of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Incentives for Agriculture
Creators: name: Baker, Justin Scott
name: Murray, Brian C.
name: Baker, Justin Scott
name: Murray, Brian C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Groundwater
subject: GHG Mitigation

description: This study explores the interactions of groundwater extraction, quality, and greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions within a productive agricultural region. Two conceptual models are proposed. In the first, GHG emissions are managed at the local level, and an efficient level of abatement is solved for endogenously to the system. Here, regional management of GHG emissions offers an alternative policy tool for managing quantity/quality by internalizing the costs of a common externality associated with both groundwater extraction and nitrogen fertilizer application. A simple numerical simulation is used to illustrate the potential groundwater co-benefits of managing agricultural GHG emissions within the system. The second model reflects the reality that GHG mitigation efforts will occur at the national or international level; agricultural markets and production will respond according to the scope of the policy mechanism and the anticipated effect on agricultural markets and input costs. For this scenario, the impacts of GHG mitigation on regional groundwater supplies are ambiguous. A set of scenarios is derived in which groundwater co-benefits or co-costs can be expected within a region. Groundwater managers should be cognizant of the indirect market pressures created by agricultural GHG mitigation and bioenergy development, and should adapt conservation and quality protection measures accordingly.
Why boundary conditions do not generally determine the universality class for boundary critical behavior
Creators: name: Diehl, H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interacting field theories for systems with a free surface frequently exhibit distinct universality classes of boundary critical behaviors depending on gross surface properties. The boundary condition satisfied by the continuum field theory on some scale may or may not be decisive for the universality class that applies. In many recent papers on boundary field theories it is taken for granted that Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions decide whether the ordinary or special boundary universality class is observed. While true in a certain sense for the Dirichlet boundary condition, this is not the case for the Neumann boundary condition. Building on results that have been worked out in the 1980s, but have not always been appropriately appreciated in the literature, the subtle role of boundary conditions and their scale dependence is elucidated and the question of whether or not they determine the observed boundary universality class is discussed.
description: pdfLaTex, 6 pages, some misprints corrected, to appear in EPJB
Sarcophaga (Helicophagella) okaliana
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga okaliana

description: Sarcophaga (Helicophagella) okaliana (LEHRER, 1975)
Stmk, Gröbming, Stoderzinken, Gipfel, 2048m, 2.8.17, 8 Ex; Trieben, Aufstieg Gr. Hengst, 1950m, 23.8.17; Trieben, Gr. Hengst, Gipfel, 2156m, 23.8.17, 2 Ex.
Neu für Steiermark. Keine Fundangaben in FRANZ (1989), aber nach Fauna Europaea auch in Ö präsent. POVOLNY (2000) gibt die Art von den Hundsheimer Bergen an.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 789, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS TO RESEARCH ENGAGEMENT AMONG  NURSING STUDENTS IN PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES
Creators: name: DELA CRUZ, ARCHITO
name: MABAGOS, CHARMAINE ROSE
name: BENICO, MARIZ
name: LAPUZ, MA. ERICKA
name: CARANTO, LEOVER
name: MALAMANIG, LETICIA
name: SOLANO, ANALIE
name: MANABAT, AVILYN
name: CAISIP, PHOEBE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Research Engagement, Nursing Students, Private Universities, Barriers, Facilitators, Descriptive Study

description: Research engagement is a critical component of nursing education, fostering professional growth and contributing to the advancement of nursing science. This descriptive study identified the barriers and facilitators to research engagement among nursing students in private universities. A comprehensive survey was administered to 300 nursing students across five private universities to gather data on their experiences and perceptions related to research activities. The findings revealed several prominent barriers, including time constraints, limited research skills, and inadequate access to research resources. Conversely, key facilitators identified were strong mentorship, institutional support, and availability of research opportunities. The data analysis provided a clear depiction of the current state of research engagement among nursing students, highlighting the significant role of a supportive academic environment and proactive faculty involvement. The study concludes that addressing these barriers through strategic interventions and leveraging facilitators can enhance research engagement among nursing students. Recommendations include integrating research skill development into the nursing curriculum, allocating dedicated time for research activities, and improving access to necessary research resources. This study offers valuable insights for educators and administrators in private universities to foster a research-oriented culture, ultimately enhancing the academic and professional trajectory of nursing students.
Universal Properties of Growing Networks
Creators: name: Krapivsky, P. L.
name: Derrida, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Networks growing according to the rule that every new node has a probability p_k of being attached to k preexisting nodes, have a universal phase diagram and exhibit power law decays of the distribution of cluster sizes in the non-percolating phase. The percolation transition is continuous but of infinite order and the size of the giant component is infinitely differentiable at the transition (though of course non-analytic). At the transition the average cluster size (of the finite components) is discontinuous.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Particle spectrum of the Reissner-Nordström black hole
Creators: name: Good, Michael R. R.
name: Ong, Yen Chin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Reissner-Nordström black hole - moving mirror correspondence is solved. The beta coefficients reveal that charge makes a black hole radiate fewer particles (neutral massless scalars) per frequency. An old Reissner-Nordström black hole emits particles in an explicit Planck distribution with temperature corresponding to the surface gravity of its outer horizon.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Heat flow in nonlinear molecular junctions
Creators: name: Segal, Dvira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the heat conduction properties of molecular junctions comprising anharmonic interactions. We find that nonlinear interactions can lead to novel phenomena: it negative differential thermal conductance and heat rectification. Based on analytically solvable models we derive an expression for the heat current that clearly reflects the interplay between anharmonic interactions, strengths of coupling to the thermal reservoirs, and junction asymmetry. This expression indicates that negative differential thermal conductance shows up when the molecule is strongly coupled to the thermal baths, even in the absence of internal molecular nonlinearities. In contrast, diode like behavior is expected for a highly anharmonic molecule with an inherent structural asymmetry. Anharmonic interactions are also necessary for manifesting Fourier type transport. We briefly present an extension of our model system that can lead to this behavior.
Productive Efficiency in Water Usage: An Analysis of Differences among Farm Types and Sizes in Georgia
Creators: name: Moore, Rebecca
name: Price, Joseph
name: Moore, Rebecca
name: Price, Joseph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: technical/productive water use efficiency
subject: organic agriculture
subject: DEA

description: In Georgia, the price of irrigation water is equal to the cost of extraction, including pumping and diversion, storage, treatment, and delivery costs. These water-pricing conditions are repeated in locales around the world. In lieu of established water markets, water use and its efficient use are driven more by farm-level characteristics and management strategies than by the resource price. The purpose of the research presented herein is to examine what factors guide Georgia farmers’ water use decisions. Using data envelopment analysis (DEA) to calculate technical water use efficiency scores, a second step Tobit model is estimated to determine the effect of farm type and farm size. A farms’ use of conservation tillage or organic farming positively affected their water use efficiency, while farms of smaller size or solely owned were more inefficient in water use.
Plasmons in anisotropic Dirac systems
Creators: name: Hayn, Roland
name: Wei, Te
name: Silkin, Vyacheslav M.
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the plasmon excitations in anisotropic two-dimensional Dirac systems, be it either anisotropic graphene or surfaces of topological insulators. Generalizing the exact density-density response function one finds a plasmon dispersion that is anisotropic already at the lowest frequencies. Asymptotic expressions are obtained for the dispersion in this regime. We show that the plasmon properties of the complete material class of anisotropic Dirac systems are characterized by just two dimensionless material parameters. The strong anisotropy can be used to guide the plasmon modes, introducing new functionalities to the field of Dirac plasmonics.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
On the reliability of the so far performed tests for measuring the Lense-Thirring effect with the LAGEOS satellites
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we will show in detail that the performed attempts aimed at the detection of the general relativistic Lense-Thirring effect in the gravitational field of the Earth with the existing LAGEOS satellites are often presented in an optimistic and misleading way which is inadequate for such an important test of fundamental physics. E.g., in the latest reported measurement of the gravitomagnetic shift with the nodes of the LAGEOS satellites and the 2nd generation GRACE-only EIGEN-GRACE02S Earth gravity model over an observational time span of 11 years a 5-10% total accuracy is claimed at 1-3sigma, respectively. We will show that, instead, it might be 15-45% (1-3sigma) if the impact of the secular variations of the even zonal harmonics is considered as well.
description: LaTex2e, 22 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, 60 references. Conclusions and Table of Contents added. Estimates of the impact of J6dot on the node-node-perigee combination presented. Typos corrected and minor stylistic changes. Small changes due to G. Melki useful remarks. Lense-Thirring 'memory' effect in EIGEN-GRACE02S discussed
The Economic Potential of Second-Generation Biofuels: Implications for Social Welfare, Land Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Illinois
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaoguang
name: Khanna, Madhu
name: Onal, Hayri
name: Chen, Xiaoguang
name: Khanna, Madhu
name: Onal, Hayri
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: cellulosic ethanol
subject: land use
subject: social welfare
subject: greenhouse gas emissions

description: This paper develops a dynamic micro-economic land use model that maximizes social welfare and internalizes externality from greenhouse gas emissions to obtain the optimal land use allocation for traditional row crops and bioenergy crops (corn stover, miscanthus and switchgrass), the mix of cellulosic feedstocks and fuel and food prices. We use this carbon tax policy as a benchmark to compare the implications of existing biofuel policies on land use, social welfare and the environment for the 2007-2022 period. The model is operationalized using yields of perennial grasses obtained from a biophysical model, county level data on yields of traditional row crops and production costs for row crops and bioenergy crops in Illinois. We show that a carbon tax policy that is directly related to carbon intensity of fuels can generate the highest social welfare among alternative policy scenarios. The existing ethanol tax credits result in substantial deadweight losses and higher GHG emissions as compared to the baseline. Ethanol blending mandates with subsidies lead to further welfare losses and higher GHG emissions. To meet advanced biofuel blending mandates, corn stover and miscanthus are used but the mix of viable cellulosic feedstocks varies spatially and temporally. Corn stover is viable mainly in central and northern Illinois while miscanthus acres are primarily concentrated on southern Illinois. The blending mandates lead to a significant shift in acreage from soybeans and pasture to corn and a change in crop rotation and tillage practices.
Sky Quality Meter and satellite correlation for the night cloud cover analysis at astronomical sites
Creators: name: Cavazzani, S.
name: Ortolani, S.
name: Bertolo, A.
name: Binotto, R.
name: Fiorentin, P.
name: Carraro, G.
name: Saviane, I.
name: Zitelli, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of the night cloud cover is very important for astronomical observation in real time, considering a typical observation time of about 15 minutes, and to have a statistics of the night cloud cover. In this paper we use the SQM (Sky Quality Meter) for high resolution temporal analysis of the La Silla and Asiago (Ekar observatory) sky: 3 and 5 minutes respectively. We investigate the annual temporal evolution of the natural contributions of the sky in a site not influenced by artificial light at night (ALAN) and one highly influenced respectively. We also make a correlation between GOES and AQUA satellites data and ground-based SQM data to confirm a relationship between the SQM data and cloud cover. We develop an algorithm that allows the use of the SQM for night cloud detection and we reach a correlation of 97.2\% at La Silla and 94.6\% at Asiago with the nighttime cloud cover detected by the GOES and AQUA satellites. Our algorithm also classifies the photometric (PN) and spectroscopic nights (SN). We measure 59.1\% PN and 21.7\% SN for a total percentage of clear nights of 80.8\% at La Silla in 2018. The respective Ekar observatory values are 31.1\% PN, 24.0\% SN and 55.1\% of total clear nights time. Application to the SQM network would involve the development of long-term statistics and big data forecasting models, for site testing and real-time astronomical observation.
Neural Networks in Mobile Robot Motion
Creators: name: Janglova, Danica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper deals with a path planning and intelligent control of an autonomous robot which should move safely in partially structured environment. This environment may involve any number of obstacles of arbitrary shape and size; some of them are allowed to move. We describe our approach to solving the motion-planning problem in mobile robot control using neural networks-based technique. Our method of the construction of a collision-free path for moving robot among obstacles is based on two neural networks. The first neural network is used to determine the "free" space using ultrasound range finder data. The second neural network "finds" a safe direction for the next robot section of the path in the workspace while avoiding the nearest obstacles. Simulation examples of generated path with proposed techniques will be presented.
description: 9 Pages