cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum state transfer with untuneable couplings
Creators: name: Gagnebin, P. K.
name: Skinner, S.
name: Behrman, E. C.
name: Steck, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general scheme for implementing bi-directional quantum state transfer in a quantum swapping channel. Unlike many other schemes for quantum computation and communication, our method does not require qubit couplings to be switched on and off. The only control variable is the bias acting on individual qubits. We show how to derive the parameters of the system (fixed and variable) such that perfect state transfer can be achieved. Since these parameters vary linearly with the pulse width, our scheme allows flexibility in the time scales under which qubits evolve. Unlike quantum spin networks, our scheme allows the transmission of several quantum states at a time, requiring only a two qubit separation between quantum states. By pulsing the biases of several qubits at the same time, we show that only eight bias control lines are required to achieve state transfer along a channel of arbitrary length. Furthermore, when the information to be transferred is purely classical in nature, only three bias control lines are required, greatly simplifying the circuit complexity.
Generalized Misner-Sharp quasi-local mass in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Creators: name: Maeda, Hideki
name: Nozawa, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate properties of a quasi-local mass in a higher-dimensional spacetime having symmetries corresponding to the isomertries of an $(n-2)$-dimensional maximally symmetric space in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity in the presence of a cosmological constant. We assume that the Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant is non-negative. The quasi-local mass was recently defined by one of the authors as a counterpart of the Misner-Sharp quasi-local mass in general relativity. The quasi-local mass is found to be a quasi-local conserved charge associated with a locally conserved current constructed from the generalized Kodama vector and exhibits the unified first law corresponding to the energy-balance law. In the asymptotically flat case, it converges to the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner mass at spacelike infinity, while it does to the Deser-Tekin and Padilla mass at infinity in the case of asymptotically AdS. Under the dominant energy condition, we show the monotonicity of the quasi-local mass for any $k$, while the positivity on an untrapped hypersurface with a regular center is shown for $k=1$ and for $k=0$ with an additional condition, where $k=\pm1,0$ is the constant sectional curvature of each spatial section of equipotential surfaces. Under a special relation between coupling constants, positivity of the quasi-local mass is shown for any $k$ without assumptions above. We also classify all the vacuum solutions by utilizing the generalized Kodama vector. Lastly, several conjectures on further generalization of the quasi-local mass in Lovelock gravity are proposed.
description: 13 pages, no figures, 1 table; v4, new results added in the asymptotically AdS case, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
title: Steven Crowell - Normativity and Phenomenology in Husserl and Heidegger
Creators: name: O'Rourke, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Canadian Society for Continental Philosophy
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Edmund Husserl
subject: Martin Heidegger
subject: Phenomenology
subject: Book review

description: Book review
description: Given the ubiquity of Husserl's influence in the twentieth century, it is often vexing to interpret the complicated appropriation of his vocabulary by later writers. In particular, his placement of phenomenology in the transcendental tradition has been a source of contention among his successors. It is not surprising therefore, that as the posthumous publications force us to revaluate the breadth of his work, the now caricatured relationship between Husserl and Heidegger requires some further clarification. It is this relationship in particular which forms the structure of the present volume.
Deliverable D5.4 Dissemination report 1- H2020 IN-FET project
Creators: name: Valentina, Perrera
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: dissemination
deliverable
H2020
IN-FET

description: This report provides a structured overview of the dissemination actions undertaken by the IN-FET project partners during the first year of activity to ensure an appropriate degree of visibility of the project to all stakeholder cathegories, from the scientific community to the general public. Despite COVID-19 related restrictions, numerous events and actions were undertaken and publications were prepared or submitted, as documented below. A brief outlook on the next year planned or expected actions is given in the last section and in the summary table. A copy of this public document is also available on zenodo.org.
Impact of the symmetry energy on the outer crust of non-accreting neutron stars
Creators: name: Roca-Maza, X.
name: Piekarewicz, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The composition and equation of state of the outer crust of non-accreting neutron stars is computed using accurate nuclear mass tables. The main goal of the present study is to understand the impact of the symmetry energy on the structure of the outer crust. First, a simple "toy model" is developed to illustrate the competition between the electronic density and the symmetry energy. Then, realistic mass tables are used to show that models with a stiff symmetry energy - those that generate large neutron skins for heavy nuclei - predict a sequence of nuclei that are more neutron-rich than their softer counterparts. This result may be phrased in the form of a correlation: the larger the neutron skin of 208Pb, the more exotic the composition of the outer crust.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Physical Review C
Two-sided optimal bounds for Green function of half-spaces for relativistic $α$-stable process
Creators: name: Grzywny, Tomasz
name: Ryznar, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J45

description: The purpose of this paper is to find optimal estimates for the Green function of a half-space of {\it the relativistic $α$-stable process} with parameter $m$ on $\Rd$ space. This process has an infinitesimal generator of the form $mI-(m^{2/α}I-Δ)^{α/2},$ where $00$, and reduces to the isotropic $α$-stable process for $m=0$. Its potential theory for open bounded sets has been well developed throughout the recent years however almost nothing was known about the behaviour of the process on unbounded sets. The present paper is intended to fill this gap and we provide two-sided sharp estimates for the Green function for a half-space. As a byproduct we obtain some improvements of the estimates known for bounded sets specially for balls. The advantage of these estimates is a clarification of the relationship between the diameter of the ball and the parameter $m$ of the process. The main result states that the Green function is comparable with the Green function for the Brownian motion if the points are away from the boundary of a half-space and their distance is greater than one. On the other hand for the remaining points the Green function is somehow related the Green function for the isotropic $α$-stable process. For example, for $d\ge3$, it is comparable with the Green function for the isotropic $α$-stable process, provided that the points are close enough.
description: 33 pages
Modulated electronic configurations in selectively doped multilayered nanostructures
Creators: name: Loktev, V. M.
name: Pogorelov, Yu. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple theoretical model is proposed to describe the recent experimental results on formation of induced superconducting state and anomalous tunneling characteristics in selectively doped multilayered nanostructures based on La$_2$CuO$_4$ perovskite. In particular, it is shown that the structure composed from the nominally non-superconducting (undoped and overdoped) layers turns to be superconducting with superconductivity confined to narrow regions near the interfaces, in agreement with the experimental observations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, revtex
title: MAP3Ks in the heart: the role of cardiomyocyte BRAF in cardiac hypertrophy
Creators: name: Alharbi, Hajed Obaid
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: Intracellular mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling cascades play major roles in
cardiac hypertrophy. RAF kinases are the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases 
(MAP3Ks) for the ERK1/2 pathway. RAF kinases are implicated in the regulation of ERK1/2 
signalling in cardiomyocytes in response to hypertrophic stress and are associated with 
development of cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. However, the role of BRAF in cardiomyocyte 
hypertrophy is still to be established. To assess the mRNA and protein expression levels of 
MAP3Ks in hearts during postnatal development, hearts were harvested from Sprague-Dawley 
rats at 2, 7, 14 and 28 days of age and at 12 weeks. Data show that RAF kinases and the other 
MAP3K for the ERK1/2 pathway, Tpl2/Cot, are all expressed in the heart from postnatal 
development to adulthood. In addition, MAP3K family members, such as the MEKK, MLK 
and TAO families, ASK1/2 and TAK1 are all expressed in the heart during postnatal 
development. Furthermore, MAP3K2, MAP3K3, MAP3K13 and TAOK1 (of the MAP3Ks) 
were upregulated in heart samples from patients with heart failure compared with normal 
controls. To assess the role of cardiomyocyte BRAF in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by
the 1-adrenergic receptor agonist phenylephrine (PE), a mouse model with tamoxifen-inducible cardiomyocyte-specific BRAF deletion was used and the response determined in 
male and female mice. Heart function and dimensions were assessed by echocardiography and 
pathological changes assessed by histological staining of mouse heart sections. BRAF was not 
required for cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by PE over 7 d and there were no significant
differences between the male and female response. However, loss of BRAF in cardiomyocytes 
increased the amount of fibrosis showing there was some abnormality. In conclusion, 
cardiomyocyte BRAF is playing an important role in heart development and adaptation of the 
heart to stress. However, in response to hypertrophy induced by PE, BRAF is not the main 
signalling pathway that drives cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
A mathematical model for Alzheimer's disease: An approach via stochastic homogenization of the Smoluchowski equation
Creators: name: Franchi, Bruno
name: Heida, Martin
name: Lorenzani, Silvia
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Smoluchowski equation
subject: stochastic homogenization
subject: Alzheimer disease
subject: 74Q10
subject: 80M40
subject: 80A30
subject: 35Q79

description: In this note, we apply the theory of stochastic homogenization to find the asymptotic behavior of the solution of a set of Smoluchowski's  coagulation-diffusion equations with non-homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions. This system is meant to model the aggregation and diffusion of  β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) in the cerebral tissue, a process associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease. In contrast to the approach used in our previous works, in the present paper we account for the non-periodicity of the cellular structure of the brain by assuming a stochastic model for the spatial distribution of neurons. Further, we consider non-periodic random diffusion coefficients for the amyloid aggregates and a random production of Aβ in the monomeric form at the level of neuronal membranes.
The design of a direct digital controller for sampled-data systems
Creators: name: Okorafor, Ogbonna Charles
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study is made up of three parts viz: 1. For a process which can adequately be modelled as second-order overdamped with pure delay, design techniques are presented for choosing the loop gain and sampling rate of the proportional, feedback, sampled-data controller. Control of an experimental higher-order system is used to verify these suggested designs. 2. Discrete control algorithms, suitable for programming in a direct digital control computer, are presented. Digital compensation algorithms are derived to yield theoretically a response with finite settling time, when the system is step forced in either set point or load. The utility of the proposed designs is experimentally verified by application to a higher order (heater-heat exchange) process whose dynamics can be described as fourth order overdamped with pure dead time. 3. Finally, this study is concerned with the problem of designing an adaptive controller for a class of single-input single-output time-invariant linear discrete systems modeled as second-order overdamped with pure delay. In each case the effect of using either a zero-order hold or half-order hold as the smoothing device was considered. In every case the system with half-order hold gave better transient responses than systems with zero-order hold and better stability conditions.
ASSESSMENT OF ECO 8 EFFICIENCY AND APPLICATION OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR CEMENT MANUFACTURING
Creators: name: Voradej Kriengsantikul
name: Sirichan Thongprasert
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen Univeristy
Year: 2010
Subjects: In English language : eco 8 efficiency, mathematical model,cement

description: 4, 37, KKU Engineering Journal
Brughera MSO-SBC Nonlinear Model AMBB
Creators: name: Brughera, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Neuroscience
Computational Biology

description: Nonlinear modelling code, data, and analysis scripts by Andrew Brughera, from "Auditory brainstem models: adapting cochlear nuclei improve spatial encoding by the medial superior olive in reverberation" by Andrew Brughera, Jason Mikiel-Hunter, Mathias Dietz, and David McAlpine
Role of the cooling rate in the stability of the superconducting phase of (TMTSF)_2ClO_4
Creators: name: Haddad, S.
name: Sfar, I.
name: Charfi-Kaddour, S.
name: Bennaceur, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The noncentrosymmetric ClO$_4$ anions of the organic superconductor (TMTSF)$_2$ClO$_4$ order below 24K. The size of domains where the anions are ordered is substantially dependent on the cooling rate which is a key parameter for the stability of the low temperature electronic ground states. We study the effect of the cooling rate on the SC phase within a self consistent approach in the framework of the time dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory taking into account the superconducting fluctuations. We derive the superconducting transition temperature which is found to decrease with increasing cooling rate in agreement with recent experimental data.
description: 5 pages including one figure. Published online in Europhysics Letters
HELAS and MadGraph/MadEvent with spin-2 particles
Creators: name: Hagiwara, Kaoru
name: Kanzaki, Junichi
name: Li, Qiang
name: Mawatari, Kentarou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fortran subroutines to calculate helicity amplitudes with massive spin-2 particles (massive gravitons), which couple to the standard model particles via the energy momentum tensor, are added to the {\tt HELAS} ({\tt HEL}icity {\tt A}mplitude {\tt S}ubroutines) library. They are coded in such a way that arbitrary scattering amplitudes with one graviton production and its decays can be generated automatically by {\tt MadGraph} and {\tt MadEvent}, after slight modifications. All the codes have been tested carefully by making use of the invariance of the helicity amplitudes under the gauge and general coordinate transformations.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Laplacian spectra of complex networks and random walks on them: Are scale-free architectures really important?
Creators: name: Samukhin, A. N.
name: Dorogovtsev, S. N.
name: Mendes, J. F. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Laplacian operator of an uncorrelated random network and, as an application, consider hopping processes (diffusion, random walks, signal propagation, etc.) on networks. We develop a strict approach to these problems. We derive an exact closed set of integral equations, which provide the averages of the Laplacian operator's resolvent. This enables us to describe the propagation of a signal and random walks on the network. We show that the determining parameter in this problem is the minimum degree $q_m$ of vertices in the network and that the high-degree part of the degree distribution is not that essential. The position of the lower edge of the Laplacian spectrum $λ_c$ appears to be the same as in the regular Bethe lattice with the coordination number $q_m$. Namely, $λ_c>0$ if $q_m>2$, and $λ_c=0$ if $q_m\leq2$. In both these cases the density of eigenvalues $ρ(λ)\to0$ as $λ\toλ_c+0$, but the limiting behaviors near $λ_c$ are very different. In terms of a distance from a starting vertex, the hopping propagator is a steady moving Gaussian, broadening with time. This picture qualitatively coincides with that for a regular Bethe lattice. Our analytical results include the spectral density $ρ(λ)$ near $λ_c$ and the long-time asymptotics of the autocorrelator and the propagator.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Brughera_MsoSbc_NonlinearModel_AMBB_CodeDataAnalysis.zip
Creators: name: Brughera, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Neuroscience
Computational Biology

description: Nonlinear modelling code, data, and analysis scripts by Andrew Brughera, from "Auditory brainstem models: adapting cochlear nuclei improve spatial encoding by the medial superior olive in reverberation"
NMR studies of micelle forming model glycolipids
Creators: name: Talagala, Sardha Lalith
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The work described herein falls into three major categories: synthesis of model glycolipids, NMR studies on'model glycolipid'micelles, and application of 2D-NMR spectroscopy in spectral assignment. Three synthetic routes, namely the glycosidation reaction, reductive amination reaction, and amide bond formation have been investigated in relation to their efficiency and convenience in coupling carbohydrates with aliphatic chains. The reaction of amide bond formation was found to be a superior method over the others for the preparation of long alkyl chain derivatives. ¹H-NMR spectroscopy has been utilized to study and detect the micelle formation by the model glycolipids. The studies described illustrate that the ¹H spin-lattice relaxation rate (R-₁) is well suited for the determination of critical micelle concentration providing it is sufficiently high. The contrasting behaviour of R-₁ of the anomeric proton (H-1) of n-octyl β-D-glucoside in relation to that of H-2 and w-CH₃ upon micellization, has been tentatively attributed to the conformational changes accompanying micelle formation. The observed upfield shift of the ¹³C resonances of the alkyl chain has been explained as being due to the increased proportion of trans conformers in the micellar state. The question of the downfield ¹³C shift observed for the sugar resonances has been discussed. Study of N-alkyllactobionamides with ¹H-NMR proved to be difficult due to their extremely low critical micelle concentrations. Application of 2D J-resolved spectroscopy and spin-echo correlated spectroscopy (SECSY) in spectral assignment of unprotected sugar derivatives has been demonstrated. Using above techniques, complete assignment of the sugar region of n-octyl β-D-glucoside and N-hexyllactobionamide has been achieved.
On the Proof Complexity of Deep Inference
Creators: name: Bruscoli, Paola
name: Guglielmi, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.2.2; F.4.1

description: We obtain two results about the proof complexity of deep inference: 1) deep-inference proof systems are as powerful as Frege ones, even when both are extended with the Tseitin extension rule or with the substitution rule; 2) there are analytic deep-inference proof systems that exhibit an exponential speed-up over analytic Gentzen proof systems that they polynomially simulate.
description: Minor improvements over the published version. Always updated version at
ORCID Germany Consortium - supported by the ORCID DE project
Creators: name: Vierkant, Paul
name: Pampel, Heinz
name: Bertelmann, Roland
name: Dreyer, Britta
name: Strecker, Dorothea
name: Summann, Friedrich
name: Hartmann, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: ORCID
Open Researcher and Contributor ID
ORCID DE
Consortium
DINI e. V.
Position paper

description: The poster describes major developments of the ORCID Germany consortium since its foundation in 2016.
Chlerogella borysthenis Engel 2010
Creators: name: Engel, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Chlerogella
Chlerogella borysthenis

description: borysthenis 48, 74–76 breviceps 49, 77–79 buyssoni 18 cochabambensis 9, 2–8, 14–15 cooperella 51, 80–83, 87–89 cyranoi 78, 129–131, 139–140 dolichorhina 34, 45–47 elysia 63, 99–106, 115–116 eumorpha 43, 62–67, 72–73 euprepia 60, 95–98 hauseri 14, 9–13, 16–17 hypermeces 66, 107–114, 117–118 materdonnae 39, 55–61, 70–71 mourella 58, 92–94
description: Published as part of Engel, Michael, 2010, Revision of the Bee Genus Chlerogella (Hymenoptera, Halictidae), Part II: South American Species and Generic Diagnosis, pp. 1-100 in ZooKeys 47 (47) on page 100, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.47.416, http://zenodo.org/record/576667
Searches for New Physics by the H1 Experiment at HERA
Creators: name: Nguyet, Trinh Thi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high energy program of the HERA $ep$ collider ended in March 2007, where data equivalent to an integrated luminosity of $\sim$ 0.5 fb$^{-1}$ has been collected by the H1 experiment. In this context, some of the most recent results from H1 about searches for new phenomena are presented.
description: 2 pages, 6 figures, To appear in the proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Physics in Collision, Annecy, France, 26-29 June 2007
ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВА ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ДЛЯ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ЗАНЯТИЙ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА В НЕФИЛОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ВУЗАХ
Creators: name: Аминова, Зебо
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Oднoй из oснoвных целей при препoдaвaнии русскoгo языкa в нефилoлoгических вузaх является фoрмирoвaние кoммуникaтивнoй кoмпетенции, т.е. спoсoбнoсти студентa oсуществлять инoязычнoе межличнoстнoе и межкультурнoе oбщение. В связи с этим в изучении русскoгo языкa кaк инoстрaннoгo бoльшoе местo принaдлежит устным упрaжнениям.
Trapping of lattice polarons by impurities
Creators: name: Hague, J. P.
name: Kornilovitch, P. E.
name: Alexandrov, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects of single impurities on polarons in three-dimensions (3D) using a continuous time quantum Monte-Carlo algorithm. An exact treatment of the phonon degrees of freedom leads to a very efficient algorithm and we are able to compute the polaron dynamics on an infinite lattice using an auxiliary weighting scheme. The magnitude of the impurity potential, the electron-phonon coupling and the phonon frequency are varied. We determine the magnitude of the impurity potential required for polaron trapping. For small electron-phonon coupling the number of phonons increases dramatically on trapping. The polaron binding diagram is computed, showing that intermediate-coupling low-phonon-frequency polarons are localized by exceptionally small impurities.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Collaborative product and process model: Multiple Viewpoints approach
Creators: name: Geryville, Hichem
name: Bouras, Abdelaziz
name: Ouzrout, Yacine
name: Sapidis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The design and development of complex products invariably involves many actors who have different points of view on the problem they are addressing, the product being developed, and the process by which it is being developed. The actors' viewpoints approach was designed to provide an organisational framework in which these different perspectives or points of views, and their relationships, could be explicitly gathered and formatted (by actor activity's focus). The approach acknowledges the inevitability of multiple interpretation of product information as different views, promotes gathering of actors' interests, and encourages retrieved adequate information while providing support for integration through PLM and/or SCM collaboration. In this paper, we present our multiple viewpoints approach, and we illustrate it by an industrial example on cyclone vessel product.
description: 391-398
A Deep Learning Localization Method for Measuring Abdominal Muscle Dimensions in Ultrasound Images
Creators: name: Saleh, Alzayat
name: Laradji, Issam H.
name: Lammie, Corey
name: Vazquez, David
name: Flavell, Carol A
name: Azghadi, Mostafa Rahimi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Health professionals extensively use Two- Dimensional (2D) Ultrasound (US) videos and images to visualize and measure internal organs for various purposes including evaluation of muscle architectural changes. US images can be used to measure abdominal muscles dimensions for the diagnosis and creation of customized treatment plans for patients with Low Back Pain (LBP), however, they are difficult to interpret. Due to high variability, skilled professionals with specialized training are required to take measurements to avoid low intra-observer reliability. This variability stems from the challenging nature of accurately finding the correct spatial location of measurement endpoints in abdominal US images. In this paper, we use a Deep Learning (DL) approach to automate the measurement of the abdominal muscle thickness in 2D US images. By treating the problem as a localization task, we develop a modified Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) architecture to generate blobs of coordinate locations of measurement endpoints, similar to what a human operator does. We demonstrate that using the TrA400 US image dataset, our network achieves a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.3125 on the test set, which almost matches the performance of skilled ultrasound technicians. Our approach can facilitate next steps for automating the process of measurements in 2D US images, while reducing inter-observer as well as intra-observer variability for more effective clinical outcomes.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, 1 tables, Accepted for Publication in the IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics (J-BHI) 25-May-2021
Cosmological spacetimes balanced by a scale covariant scalar field
Creators: name: Scholz, Erhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scale invariant, Weyl geometric, Lagrangian approach to cosmology is explored, with a a scalar field phi of (scale) weight -1 as a crucial ingredient besides classical matter \cite{Tann:Diss,Drechsler:Higgs}. For a particularly simple class of Weyl geometric models (called {\em Einstein-Weyl universes}) the Klein-Gordon equation for phi is explicitly solvable. In this case the energy-stress tensor of the scalar field consists of a vacuum-like term Lambda g_{mu nu} with variable coefficient Lambda, depending on matter density and spacetime geometry, and of a dark matter like term. Under certain assumptions on parameter constellations, the energy-stress tensor of the phi-field keeps Einstein-Weyl universes in locally stable equilibrium. A short glance at observational data, in particular supernovae Ia (Riess ea 2007), shows interesting empirical properties of these models.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure, accepted by Foundations of Physics
Synthesis of potential anti-viral agents possessing the tetrahydropentaprismane ring system
Creators: name: Tse, Hoi Lun Allan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis describes the syntheses of the molecules 11-aza-pentacyclo[6.2.1.0²՚⁷. 0⁴,⁹.0⁵, ¹⁰]decane (28) and 4,5-dimethyl-11-aza-pentacyclo [6.2.1 .0²,⁷. 0⁴,⁹.0⁵,¹⁰ ] decane (29). Owing to their structural similarities to 1-aminoadamantane (an anti-viral and anti-Parkinson's disease agent), they might possess activities against influenza viruses and/or Parkinson' disease. The key intermediates involved were the two cage ketols namely, 10-exo-hydroxytetracyclo-[5.3.0.0²,⁶.0⁴,⁹]decan-3-one (33a) and 6,7-dimethyl-10-exo-hydroxytetracyclo [5.3.0. 0²,⁶.0⁴,⁹]decan-3-one (33b) which were prepared via a three-step sequence starting from p-benzoquinone , 1,3-butadiene and 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene respectively. The incorporation of the required nitrogen atoms was done by transforming the ketone groups of compound 33a and 33b into the corresponding oxime and oxime ether. Generation of the amine functional groups and building of the nitrogen bridges were achieved in a single step by reduction of the oxime derivatives employing aluminium hydride as the reducing agent. The syntheses of compound (28) and (29) were therefore accomplished via a five-step reaction sequence (scheme III) starting from p-benzonquinone and the corresponding butadienes.
title: Learning from what goes well: Improving the quality of general practice
Creators: name: O'Malley, Roisin
Publisher: name: University of Galway
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Positive Deviance
subject: Quality of Care
subject: Safety-II
subject: Strengths-based Learning
subject: Quality Improvement
subject: Primary Care
subject: Medicine
subject: General Practice

description: Improving the quality of primary care is a global imperative, one only increasing in importance as health systems internationally move towards community-based models of care, and patients, tasks, technologies, practice environments and expectations get increasingly complex. Contemporary approaches to improvement, focused on learning from instances of poor performance, have not generated sustained improvement in quality and are likely insufficient to address the increasing complexities of delivering care in the general practice setting. Recently, new approaches to understanding quality and safety have been advocated, that emphasise learning from when things go well, or even exceptionally well. One such approach, the ‘positive deviance’ approach focuses learning on exceptionally high-performing individuals, teams or practices, and applications of the approach in primary care thus far have been promising. Given the increasingly complex healthcare landscape, applying strengths-based approaches like PD is an attractive strategy as it allows us to engage patients and staff to learn from positive deviations in care and attend to key systems and contextualising factors that impact the success of improvement efforts. The current thesis applied the principles of positive deviance and strengths-based learning to identify and disseminate the key factors and strategies that support the delivery of exceptional care in general practice to stimulate learning and improvement in this domain of healthcare.
The impact of dust on the scaling properties of galaxy clusters
Creators: name: da Silva, Antonio C.
name: Catalano, Andrea
name: Montier, Ludovic
name: Pointecouteau, Etienne
name: Lanoux, Joseph
name: Giard, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of dust on the scaling properties of galaxy clusters based on hydrodynamic N-body simulations of structure formation. We have simulated five dust models plus a radiative cooling and adiabatic models using the same initial conditions for all runs. The numerical implementation of dust was based on the analytical computations of Montier and Giard (2004). We set up dust simulations to cover different combinations of dust parameters that put in evidence the effects of size and abundance of dust grains. Comparing our radiative plus dust cooling runs to a purely radiative cooling simulation we find that dust has an impact on cluster scaling relations. It mainly affects the normalisation of the scalings (and their evolution), whereas it introduces no significant differences on their slopes. The strength of the effect depends critically on the dust abundance and grain size parameters as well as on the cluster scaling. Indeed, cooling due to dust is effective at the cluster regime and has a stronger effect on the "baryon driven" statistical properties of clusters such as $L_{\rm X}-M$, $Y- M$, $S-M$ scaling relations. Major differences, relative to the radiative cooling model, are as high as 25% for the $L_{\rm X}-M$ normalisation, and about 10% for the $Y-M$ and $S-M$ normalisations at redshift zero. On the other hand, we find that dust has almost no impact on the "dark matter driven" $T_{\rm mw}-M$ scaling relation. The effects are found to be dependent in equal parts on both dust abundances and grain sizes distributions for the scalings investigated in this paper. Higher dust abundances and smaller grain sizes cause larger departures from the radiative cooling (i.e. with no dust) model.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, submitted to MNRAS
title: Bioinformatic identification and analysis of extensins in the plant kingdom
Creators: name: Liu, Xiao
name: Wolfe, Richard
name: Welch, Lonnie R.
name: Domozych, David S.
name: Popper, Zoë A.
name: Showalter, Allan M.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Leucine-rich repeat
subject: Algal prolyl 4-hydroxylase
subject: Cell wall proteins
subject: Arabidopsis-thaliana
subject: Gene family
subject: Genome sequence
subject: Proline rich
subject: Volvox carteri
subject: Green alga
subject: Molecular characterization

description: Extensins (EXTs) are a family of plant cell wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) that are implicated to play important roles in plant growth, development, and defense. Structurally, EXTs are characterized by the repeated occurrence of serine (Ser) followed by three to five prolines (Pro) residues, which are hydroxylated as hydroxyproline (Hyp) and glycosylated. Some EXTs have Tyrosine (Tyr)-X-Tyr (where X can be any amino acid) motifs that are responsible for intramolecular or intermolecular cross-linkings. EXTs can be divided into several classes: classical EXTs, short EXTs, leucine-rich repeat extensins (LRXs), proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinases (PERKs), formin-homolog EXTs (FH EXTs), chimeric EXTs, and long chimeric EXTs. To guide future research on the EXTs and understand evolutionary history of EXTs in the plant kingdom, a bioinformatics study was conducted to identify and classify EXTs from 16 fully sequenced plant genomes, including Ostreococcus lucimarinus, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Volvox carteri, Klebsormidium flaccidum, Physcomitrella patens, Selaginella moellendorffii, Pinus taeda, Picea abies, Brachypodium distachyon, Zea mays, Oryza sativa, Glycine max, Medicago truncatula, Brassica rapa, Solanum lycopersicum, and Solanum tuberosum, to supplement data previously obtained from Arabidopsis thaliana and Populus trichocarpa. A total of 758 EXTs were newly identified, including 87 classical EXTs, 97 short EXTs, 61 LRXs, 75 PERKs, 54 FH EXTs, 38 long chimeric EXTs, and 346 other chimeric EXTs. Several notable findings were made: (1) classical EXTs were likely derived after the terrestrialization of plants; (2) LRXs, PERKs, and FHs were derived earlier than classical EXTs; (3) monocots have few classical EXTs; (4) Eudicots have the greatest number of classical EXTs and Tyr-X-Tyr cross-linking motifs are predominantly in classical EXTs; (5) green algae have no classical EXTs but have a number of long chimeric EXTs that are absent in embryophytes. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis was conducted of LRXs, PERKs and FH EXTs, which shed light on the evolution of three EXT classes.
Chlerogella nasus
Creators: name: Engel, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Chlerogella
Chlerogella nasus

description: nasus 25, 27–29 octogesima 57 oresbios 84, 141–149, 154–155 picketti 76, 126–128, 137–138 rostrata 27, 1, 30–32 silvula 54, 84–86, 90–91 terpsichore 72, 119–125, 135–136 tychoi 80, 132–134 vachali 22, 24–26 xuthopleura 89, 150–153, 156–157 Bolivia map 12 Colombia map 69 Ecuador map 33 Peru map 21 Venezuela map 87
description: Published as part of Engel, Michael, 2010, Revision of the Bee Genus Chlerogella (Hymenoptera, Halictidae), Part II: South American Species and Generic Diagnosis, pp. 1-100 in ZooKeys 47 (47) on page 100, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.47.416, http://zenodo.org/record/576667
Large Deviations in the Free-Energy of Mean-Field Spin-Glasses
Creators: name: Parisi, Giorgio
name: Rizzo, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute analytically the probability distribution of large deviations in the spin-glass free energy for the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick mean field model, i.e. we compute the exponentially small probability of finding a system with intensive free energy smaller than the most likely one. This result is obtained by computing the average value of the partition function to the power $n$ as a function of $n$. At zero temperature this absolute prediction displays a remarkable quantitative agreement with the numerical data.
description: version to be submitted to PRL plus full power series in the appendix, added references and minor corrections
title: Exploration of inflammatory modulators nitric oxide and HERV-K in prostate cancer progression and diagnosis reveals a role for nitric oxide regulation of STAT3
Creators: name: McAuliffe, Jake
Publisher: name: University of Galway
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pathology
subject: Prostate cancer
subject: Inflammatory modulators

description: Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a highly prevalent cancer worldwide, with approximately 500 yearly deaths attributed to it in Ireland. Inflammation bears responsibility for the emergence of several prostatic conditions, including PCa. NOS2 is a powerful and prolonged producer of nitric oxide (NO), which can be activated by inflammation, and has been implicated in prostate carcinogenesis and lethality. Chronic NO exposure has been shown to induce malignant transformation in normal prostate cells. This study aimed to explore whether long-term, chronic NO exposure would similarly confer PCa cell lines with increased aggressiveness. Results showed that chronic NO exposure conferred PCa cell lines with increased rates of proliferation, migration, and invasion. These chronically exposed cells also displayed increased chemoresistance, upregulated transcription of various pro-tumorigenic genes, and increased total STAT3 protein. STAT3, a master transcription factor, mediates several processes of cancer and has been associated with PCa. The relationship between STAT3 and NO is unclear, and this study further aimed to explore any relationship NO and its chronic exposure may have on STAT3 activity in PCa. Results indicated that NO can indeed phosphorylate STAT3 in PCa cells. Further, it was found that STAT3 inhibitors Niclosamide and STATTIC impede several Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) behaviours in PCa cells. Following chronic NO exposure, PCa cells were more sensitive to Niclosamide. The combination of DETA/NO and STAT3 inhibitors yielded a powerful additive cytotoxic effect. Inflammation and PCa have also been linked to Human Endogenous Retrovirus-K (HERV-K), an ancient viral integration to the genome which is largely silenced in somatic tissue. Elevated HERV-K(HML2) gag mRNA expression in PBMCs has previously been associated with PCa diagnosis. This study aimed to corroborate those findings and expand whether HERV-K(HML2) mRNA may contribute to improved PSA accuracy in diagnosing PCa and discern between Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and PCa. In the patient cohort, HERV-K gag and env2 mRNA was significantly elevated in PCa patients compared to BPH. In summary, this study has shown that chronic NO exposure induces increased aggressive behaviour in PCa cells, while also exposing a potential therapeutic opportunity via STAT3 inhibition, and thereby connecting NO and STAT3 in PCa. We also further argued the potential of HERV-K(HML2) as a potential biomarker for PCa diagnosis.
Superconvergence of the MINI mixed finite element discretization of the Stokes problem: An experimental study in 3D
Creators: name: Cioncolini, Andrea
name: Boffi, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.8; I.6.4; J.2
subject: 35-04

description: Stokes flows are a type of fluid flow where convective forces are small in comparison with viscous forces, and momentum transport is entirely due to viscous diffusion. Besides being routinely used as benchmark test cases in numerical fluid dynamics, Stokes flows are relevant in several applications in science and engineering including porous media flow, biological flows, microfluidics, microrobotics, and hydrodynamic lubrication. The present study concerns the discretization of the equations of motion of Stokes flows in three dimensions utilizing the MINI mixed finite element, focusing on the superconvergence of the method which was investigated with numerical experiments using five purpose-made benchmark test cases with analytical solution. Despite the fact that the MINI element is only linearly convergent according to standard mixed finite element theory, a recent theoretical development proves that, for structured meshes in two dimensions, the pressure superconverges with order 1.5, as well as the linear part of the computed velocity with respect to the piecewise-linear nodal interpolation of the exact velocity. The numerical experiments documented herein suggest a more general validity of the superconvergence in pressure, possibly to unstructured tetrahedral meshes and even up to quadratic convergence which was observed with one test problem, thereby indicating that there is scope to further extend the available theoretical results on convergence.
Normalisation Control in Deep Inference via Atomic Flows
Creators: name: Guglielmi, Alessio
name: Gundersen, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: We introduce `atomic flows': they are graphs obtained from derivations by tracing atom occurrences and forgetting the logical structure. We study simple manipulations of atomic flows that correspond to complex reductions on derivations. This allows us to prove, for propositional logic, a new and very general normalisation theorem, which contains cut elimination as a special case. We operate in deep inference, which is more general than other syntactic paradigms, and where normalisation is more difficult to control. We argue that atomic flows are a significant technical advance for normalisation theory, because 1) the technique they support is largely independent of syntax; 2) indeed, it is largely independent of logical inference rules; 3) they constitute a powerful geometric formalism, which is more intuitive than syntax.
Structural investigation of bacterial capsular polysaccharides
Creators: name: Leek, Donald Morley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Eighty strains of Klebsiella bacteria have been isolated and serotyped according to their capsular polysaccharide antigens (K antigens). A number of research groups have taken part in an extensive program to determine the chemical structures of these polysaccharide antigens. As part of this continuing program, this thesis includes a structural investigation of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella κ39 An acidic capsular polysaccharide was isolated from Klebsiella κ39 and a partial hydrolysis study was conducted. An acidic pentasaccharide was isolated from the hydrolysate and studied by ¹H- and ¹³C-n.m.r., mass spectrometry and methylation analyses. This oligosaccharide was assigned the following structure: [See thesis for equation]. The relationship of this oligosaccharide to the polysaccharide will be discussed with reference to n.m.r. and methylation analysis studies. Similar studies are being conducted to determine the structures of the E.coli capsular polysaccharide antigens. This thesis includes a preliminary study of E.coli κ26.
Initial Value Problem of the Whitham Equations for the Camassa-Holm Equation
Creators: name: Grava, Tamara
name: Pierce, V. U.
name: Tian, Fei-Ran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the Whitham equations for the Camassa-Holm equation. The equations are neither strictly hyperbolic nor genuinely nonlinear. We are interested in the initial value problem of the Whitham equations. When the initial values are given by a step function, the Whitham solution is self-similar. When the initial values are given by a smooth function, the Whitham solution exists within a cusp in the x-t plane. On the boundary of the cusp, the Whitham equation matches the Burgers solution, which exists outside the cusp.
description: 33 pages, 3 figures