cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Research Data for Doctoral Dissertation
Creators: name: Huawei Wang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: human motion
controller identification
trajectory optimization
direct collocation
foot placement control
lower limb exoskeleton
joint impedance
standing balance
stochastic trajectory optimization

description: This project includes the research data of my dissertation study. Downloading this data and merging the folders with the research code in this GitHub repository (https://github.com/HuaweiWang/Dissertation_Work), you should be able to reproduce the results that included in my dissertation. There might be some data path changes that I didn't change in the code, please change it accordingly. I will keep updating the code in GitHub once issues were found.
WD 1145+017: Alternative models of the atmosphere, dust clouds, and gas rings
Creators: name: Budaj, Jan
name: Maliuk, Andrii
name: Hubeny, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: WD 1145+017 is the first white dwarf known to be orbited by disintegrating exoasteroids. It is a DBZ-type white dwarf with strongly variable broad circumstellar lines and variable shallow UV transits. Various models of the dust clouds and gaseous rings have been proposed as an explanation for this behavior. Here we propose alternative models.The simple radiative transfer code Shellspec was modified for this purpose and used for testing the new dust cloud and gas disk models. We used modified TLUSTY and SYNSPEC codes to calculate atmosphere models assuming the LTE or NLTE, and to calculate the intrinsic spectrum of the star. We then used these atmosphere models to estimate the mass of the radiative and convective zones and NLTE spectrum synthesis to estimate their chemical composition. We offer an alternative explanation of some (not all) shallow UV transits. These may be naturally caused by the optical properties of the dust grains: opacities and mainly phase functions as a result of the forward scattering. The latter is much stronger in UV compared to the optical region, leaving more UV photons in the original direction during the transit. We also developed an alternative model of the gaseous disk, consisting of an inner, hotter, and almost circular disk and an outer, cooler, and eccentric disk. The structure precesses with a period of $3.83 \pm 0.12$ yr. We demonstrate that it fits the observed circumstellar lines reasonably well. These alternative models solve a few drawbacks that might be associated with the previous models, but they also have their own disadvantages. We confirm that the chemical composition of the atmosphere is similar to that of CI chondrites but C, N, and S are significantly underabundant and much closer to the bulk Earth composition. This is a strong argument that the star has recently encountered and accreted material from a body of Earth-like composition.
description: Eqs.18, 19 in a more elegant form
Star formation in two irradiated globules around Cygnus OB2
Creators: name: Comerón, F.
name: Schneider, N.
name: Djupvik, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the young stellar populations associated with DR 18 and ECX 6-21, which are two isolated globules irradiated by the O-type stars of the Cygnus OB2 association. Both are HII regions containing obvious tracers of recent and ongoing star formation. We also study smaller isolated molecular structures in their surroundings. Both globules contain their own embedded populations, with a higher fraction of the less-evolved classes. Masses and temperatures are estimated under the assumption of a common age of 1 Myr, which has been found to appropriately represent the general Cygnus OB2 YSO population but is most probably an overestimate for both globules, especially ECX 6-21. The early-B star responsible for the erosion of DR 18 is found to be part of a small aggregate of intermediate-mass stars still embedded in the cloud, which probably contains a second site of recent star formation, also with intermediate-mass stars. We confirm the two main star forming sites embedded in ECX 6-21 described in previous works, with the southern site being more evolved than the northern site. We also discuss the small globule ECX 6-21-W ($= G79.8+1.2$), and propose that its non thermal radio spectrum is due to synchrotron emission from an embedded jet, whose existence is suggested by our observations. The extreme youth of some of the YSOs suggests that star formation in both globules started after they became externally irradiated. The populations of both globules are not found to be particularly rich, but they contain stars with estimated masses similar or above that of the Sun in numbers that hint at some differences with respect to the star formation process taking place in more quiescent regions where low-mass stars dominate, which deeper observations may confirm.
description: Accepted for publication by Astronomy and Astrophysics
Teacher training toolkit
Creators: name: Scheuer, Claude
name: Heck, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: teacher
motor competence
children
promotion
assessment

description: In the frame of the BMC-EU project (Basic motor competencies in Europe), a teacher training toolkit consisting of a teacher training concept with an accompanying user manual (BMC-EU intellectual output 4) was developed in order to support the implementation of the modular support toolkit on the basis of the concept of basic motor competences (BMC-EU intellectual output 3; Scheuer & Heck, 2020). The aim of this support toolkit is to be implemented mainly at the level of regular physical education lessons to initiate adaptations regarding the content and methods in physical education instruction. The teacher training toolkit contains materials to implement teacher trainings structured in a theoretical and a practical part. In a first step, teachers are familiarized with the MOBAK concept, measurement, test procedure, data procession and evaluation as well as with the interpretation of test results. In a second part, they learn how to get from the diagnosis of the students’ basic motor competencies and the strengths and weaknesses identified in the assessment to concrete interventions by using the MOBAK support framework and the accompanying supportive handouts in form of a modular support toolkit, ready to be implemented in concrete educational situations to support students with additional needs in basic motor competencies. As the teacher training toolkit aims to support and facilitate the implementation of the Modular support toolkit for teachers (Scheuer & Heck, 2020) based on the MOBAK concept and measurement (Herrmann, 2018), reference to the support toolkit and the MOBAK Test manual is given throughout this document.
description: Project "Basic Motor Competencies in Europe – Assessment and Promotion" (BMC-EU); Funder: European Commission - Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union; Programme: Erasmus+ Sport: Collaborative Partnerships - 2017; Reference: 590777-EPP-1-2017-1-DE-SPO-SCP; Timeline: January 2018 - December 2019; Project Sheet: https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/erasmus-plus/projects/eplus-project-details/#project/590777-EPP-1-2017-1-DE-SPO-SCP
Changing Perspectives and a Changing World – Humans at the Centre of Socio-Technical Systems Development
Creators: name: Ogunyemi, Abiodun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: human-computer interaction (HCI)
education
research
socio-technical systems
digitization

description: Our world continues to change at a fast pace. Machines, humans, interaction, and space continue to change. Technology continues to play a crucial role in our daily life. Humans are a no longer passive consumer of digital systems but co-creators and co-builders. Beyond the system’s interface, we are also operating in an “interspace” inhabited by people, computers, and other devices, in a "complex web of interactions". The human-computer interaction (HCI) field employs a multidisciplinary approach towards designing, evaluating, and implementing interactive systems for human use. The needs and expectations of the end-users have to be significantly factored into the development of interactive systems. To achieve this, HCI uses techniques borrowed from computer science, psychology, sociology, and ethnology among others to collect, analyze, interpret users' data and incorporate the results in the product design for product creation. At the same time, we are in effect creating new worlds when we create new products. Socio-technical systems development must not only be technically-driven, but must take into account the social context of the process of a product, and service creation. For this reason, the user-centred design approach has become a norm for successful system development. In this presentation, I will share the case of Europeana Media. Europeana Media uses the user-centred design approach to gather user requirements, plan, analyze, design, and evaluate the product.
Using the Hills Mechanism to Generate Repeating Partial Tidal Disruption Events and ASASSN-14ko
Creators: name: Cufari, M.
name: Coughlin, Eric R.
name: Nixon, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodic nuclear transients have been detected with increasing frequency, with one such system -- ASASSN-14ko -- exhibiting highly regular outbursts on a timescale of $114 \pm 1$ days. It has been postulated that the outbursts from this source are generated by the repeated partial disruption of a star, but how the star was placed onto such a tightly bound orbit about the supermassive black hole remains unclear. Here we use analytic arguments and three-body integrations to demonstrate that the Hills mechanism, where a binary system is destroyed by the tides of the black hole, can lead to the capture of a star on a $\sim 114$ day orbit and with a pericenter distance that is comparable to the tidal radius of one of the stars within the binary. Thus, Hills capture can produce stars on tightly bound orbits that undergo repeated partial disruption, leading to a viable mechanism for generating not only the outbursts detected from ASASSN-14ko, but for periodic nuclear transients in general. We also show that the rate of change of the period of the captured star due to gravitational-wave emission is likely too small to produce the observed value for ASASSN-14ko, indicating that in this system there must be additional effects that contribute to the decay of the orbit. In general, however, gravitational-wave emission can be important for limiting the lifetimes of these systems, and could produce observable period decay rates in future events.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, and 1 table. Resubmitted to ApJL following first referee report
L-band Integral Field Spectroscopy of the HR 8799 Planetary System
Creators: name: Doelman, David S.
name: Stone, Jordan M.
name: Briesemeister, Zackery W.
name: Skemer, Andrew J. I.
name: Barman, Travis
name: Brock, Laci S.
name: Hinz, Philip M.
name: Bohn, Alexander
name: Kenworthy, Matthew
name: Haffert, Sebastiaan Y.
name: Snik, Frans
name: Ertel, Steve
name: Leisenring, Jarron M.
name: Woodward, Charles E.
name: Skrutskie, Michael F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the physical processes sculpting the appearance of young gas-giant planets is complicated by degeneracies confounding effective temperature, surface gravity, cloudiness, and chemistry. To enable more detailed studies, spectroscopic observations covering a wide range of wavelengths is required. Here we present the first L-band spectroscopic observations of HR 8799 d and e and the first low-resolution wide bandwidth L-band spectroscopic measurements of HR 8799 c. These measurements were facilitated by an upgraded LMIRCam/ALES instrument at the LBT, together with a new apodizing phase plate coronagraph. Our data are generally consistent with previous photometric observations covering similar wavelengths, yet there exists some tension with narrowband photometry for HR 8799 c. With the addition of our spectra, each of the three innermost observed planets in the HR 8799 system have had their spectral energy distributions measured with integral field spectroscopy covering $\sim0.9$ to $4.1~μ\mathrm{m}$. We combine these spectra with measurements from the literature and fit synthetic model atmospheres. We demonstrate that the bolometric luminosity of the planets is not sensitive to the choice of model atmosphere used to interpolate between measurements and extrapolate beyond them. Combining luminosity with age and mass constraints, we show that the predictions of evolutionary models are narrowly peaked for effective temperature, surface gravity, and planetary radius. By holding these parameters at their predicted values, we show that more flexible cloud models can provide good fits to the data while being consistent with the expectations of evolutionary models.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal; added reference, updated figure 6 and table 4
Atomic-Scale Visualization of Chiral Charge Density Wave States and Their Reversible Transition
Creators: name: Song, Xuan
name: Liu, Liwei
name: Chen, Yaoyao
name: Yang, Han
name: Huang, Zeping
name: Hou, Baofei
name: Hou, Yanhui
name: Han, Xu
name: Yang, Huixia
name: Zhang, Quanzhen
name: Zhang, Teng
name: Zhou, Jiadong
name: Huang, Yuan
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Gao, Hong-Jun
name: Wang, Yeliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chirality is essential for various amazing phenomena in life and matter. However,chirality and its switching in electronic superlattices, such as charge density wave(CDW) arrays, remain elusive. In this study, we characterize the chirality transition with atom-resolution imaging in a single-layer NbSe2 CDW pattern by technique of scanning tunneling microscopy. The atomic lattice of the CDW array is found continuous and intact although its chirality is switched. Several intermediate states are tracked by time-resolved imaging, revealing the fast and dynamic chirality transition. Importantly, the switching is reversibly realized with an external electric-field. Our findings unveil the delicate transition process of chiral CDW array in a 2D crystal down to the atomic scale and may be applicable for future nanoscale devices.
TracedSPARQL: Benchmarks, Experimental Settings, and Evaluation
Creators: name: Rohde, Philipp D.
name: Vidal, Maria-Esther
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: SHACL Validation
SPARQL Query Processing
Knowledge Graph Constraints
Provenance

description: This is an old entry for TracedSPARQL. The new location for this dataset is in the Leibniz Data Manager: https://doi.org/10.57702/wfl730bc
Using the General Linear Model to Improve Performance in fNIRS Single Trial Analysis and Classification: A Perspective
Creators: name: Von Lühmann, Alexander
name: Ortega-Martinez, Antonio
name: Boas, David A.
name: Yücel, Meryem Ayşe
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: fNIRS
subject: BCI
subject: GLM
subject: preprocessing
subject: classification
subject: HRF
subject: short-separation
subject: nuisance regression

description: Within a decade, single trial analysis of functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals has gained significant momentum, and fNIRS joined the set of modalities frequently used for active and passive Brain Computer Interfaces (BCI). A great variety of methods for feature extraction and classification have been explored using state-of-the-art Machine Learning methods. In contrast, signal preprocessing and cleaning pipelines for fNIRS often follow simple recipes and so far rarely incorporate the available state-of-the-art in adjacent fields. In neuroscience, where fMRI and fNIRS are established neuroimaging tools, evoked hemodynamic brain activity is typically estimated across multiple trials using a General Linear Model (GLM). With the help of the GLM, subject, channel, and task specific evoked hemodynamic responses are estimated, and the evoked brain activity is more robustly separated from systemic physiological interference using independent measures of nuisance regressors, such as short-separation fNIRS measurements. When correctly applied in single trial analysis, e.g., in BCI, this approach can significantly enhance contrast to noise ratio of the brain signal, improve feature separability and ultimately lead to better classification accuracy. In this manuscript, we provide a brief introduction into the GLM and show how to incorporate it into a typical BCI preprocessing pipeline and cross-validation. Using a resting state fNIRS data set augmented with synthetic hemodynamic responses that provide ground truth brain activity, we compare the quality of commonly used fNIRS features for BCI that are extracted from (1) conventionally preprocessed signals, and (2) signals preprocessed with the GLM and physiological nuisance regressors. We show that the GLM-based approach can provide better single trial estimates of brain activity as well as a new feature type, i.e., the weight of the individual and channel-specific hemodynamic response function (HRF) regressor. The improved estimates yield features with higher separability, that significantly enhance accuracy in a binary classification task when compared to conventional preprocessing—on average +7.4% across subjects and feature types. We propose to adapt this well-established approach from neuroscience to the domain of single-trial analysis and preprocessing wherever the classification of evoked brain activity is of concern, for instance in BCI.
Thermal Alteration and Differential Sublimation Can Create Phaethons "Rock Comet" Activity and Blue Color
Creators: name: Lisse, C. M.
name: Steckloff, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2010 Jewitt and Li published a paper examining the behavior of comet-asteroid transition object 3200 Phaethon, arguing it was asteroid-like in its behavior throughout most of its orbit, but that near its perihelion, at a distance of only 0.165 AU from the sun, its dayside temperatures would be hot enough to vaporize rock (>1000 K, Hanus et al. 2016). Thus it would act like a "rock comet" as gases produced from evaporating rock were released from the body, in a manner similar to the more familiar sublimation of water ice into vacuum seen for comets coming within ~3 AU of the Sun. In this Note we predict that the same thermal effects that would create "rock comet" behavior with Qgas ~ 10$^{22}$ mol/sec at perihelion would also help greatly bluen Phaethon's surface via preferential thermal alteration and sublimative removal of surface Fe and refractory organics, known reddening and darkening agents. These predictions are testable by searching for signs of spectral bluening of the surfaces of other objects in Phaethon-like small perihelion orbits, and by in situ measurements of Phaethons surface and coma composition near perihelion with the upcoming DESTINY+ mission to Phaethon by JAXA.
description: 14 Pages, 4 Figures, 1 Table, accepted for Publication by Icarus 17-Mar-2022 and updated 27-Mar-2022
Galactic angular momentum in the IllustrisTNG simulation -- I. Connection to morphology, halo spin, and black hole mass
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente
name: Genel, Shy
name: Fall, S. Michael
name: Pillepich, Annalisa
name: Huertas-Company, Marc
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: Pérez-Montaño, Luis Enrique
name: Marinacci, Federico
name: Pakmor, Rüdiger
name: Springel, Volker
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the TNG100 simulation of the IllustrisTNG project to investigate the stellar specific angular momenta ($j_{\ast}$) of $\sim$12,000 central galaxies at $z=0$ in a full cosmological context, with stellar masses ($M_{\ast}$) ranging from $10^{9}$ to $10^{12} \, {\rm M}_{\odot}$. We find that the $j_{\ast}$-$M_{\ast}$ relations for early-type and late-type galaxies in IllustrisTNG are in good overall agreement with observations, and that these galaxy types typically `retain' $\sim$10-20 and $\sim$50-60 per cent of their host haloes' specific angular momenta, respectively, with some dependence on the methodology used to measure galaxy morphology. We present results for kinematic as well as visual-like morphological measurements of the simulated galaxies. Next, we explore the scatter in the $j_{\ast}$-$M_{\ast}$ relation with respect to the spin of the dark matter halo and the mass of the supermassive black hole (BH) at the galactic centre. We find that galaxies residing in faster spinning haloes, as well as those hosting less massive BHs, tend to have a higher specific angular momentum. We also find that, at fixed galaxy or halo mass, halo spin and BH mass are anticorrelated with each other, probably as a consequence of more efficient gas flow toward the galactic centre in slowly rotating systems. Finally, we show that halo spin plays an important role in determining galaxy sizes - larger discs form at the centres of faster-rotating haloes - although the trend breaks down for massive galaxies with $M_{\ast} \gtrsim 10^{11} \, {\rm M}_{\odot}$, roughly the mass scale at which a galaxy's stellar mass becomes dominated by accreted stars.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures. Published in MNRAS
Multi-wavelength and Multi-CO View of The Minor Merger Driven Star Formation in the Nearby LIRG NGC 3110
Creators: name: Kawana, Yuka
name: Saito, Toshiki
name: Okumura, Sachiko K.
name: Kawabe, Ryohei
name: Espada, Daniel
name: Iono, Daisuke
name: Kaneko, Hiroyuki
name: Lee, Minju M.
name: Michiyama, Tomonari
name: Motohara, Kentaro
name: Nakanishi, Kouichiro
name: Pettitt, Alex R.
name: Randriamanakoto, Zara
name: Ueda, Junko
name: Yamashita, Takuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of multiple CO(1-0), $^{13}$CO(1-0), and C$^{18}$O(1-0) lines and 2.9 mm and 1.3 mm continuum emission toward the nearby interacting luminous infrared galaxy NGC 3110, supplemented with similar spatial resolution H$α$, 1.4GHz continuum, and $K$-band data. We estimate the typical CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor of 1.7 $M_{\odot}$ (K km s$^{-1}$ pc$^2$)$^{-1}$ within the disk using LTE-based and dust-based H$_2$ column densities, and measure the 1-kpc scale surface densities of star formation rate ($Σ_{\rm SFR}$), super star clusters ($Σ_{\rm SSC}$), molecular gas mass, and star formation efficiency (SFE) toward the entire gas disk. These parameters show a peak at the southern part of the southern spiral arm (SFE $\sim$ 10$^{-8.2}$ yr$^{-1}$, $Σ_{\rm SFR}$ $\sim$ 10$^{-0.6}$ $M_{\odot}$ kpc$^{-2}$ yr$^{-1}$, $Σ_{\rm SSC}$ $\sim$ 6.0 kpc$^{-2}$), which is likely attributed to the on-going tidal interaction with the companion galaxy MCG-01-26-013, as well as toward the circumnuclear region. We also find that thermal free-free emission contributes to a significant fraction of the millimeter continuum emission at the southern peak position. Those measurements imply that the peak of the southern arm is an active and young star-forming region, whereas the central part of NGC 3110 is a site of long-continued star formation. We suggest that, during the early stage of the galaxy-galaxy interaction with large mass ratio that in NGC 3110, fragmentation along the main galaxy's arms is an important driver of merger-induced star formation and massive gas inflow results in dusty nuclear starbursts.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
System design and calibration of SITARA -- a global 21 cm short spacing interferometer prototype
Creators: name: Thekkeppattu, Jishnu N.
name: McKinley, Benjamin
name: Trott, Cathryn M.
name: Jones, Jake
name: Ung, Daniel C. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global 21-cm experiments require exquisitely precise calibration of the measurement systems in order to separate the weak 21-cm signal from Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds as well as instrumental systematics. Hitherto, experiments aiming to make this measurement have concentrated on measuring this signal using the single element approach. However, an alternative approach based on interferometers with short baselines is expected to alleviate some of the difficulties associated with a single element approach such as precision modelling of the receiver noise spectrum. Short spacing Interferometer Telescope probing cosmic dAwn and epoch of ReionisAtion (SITARA) is a short spacing interferometer deployed at the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory (MRO). It is intended to be a prototype or a test-bed to gain a better understanding of interferometry at short baselines, and develop tools to perform observations and data calibration. In this paper, we provide a description of the SITARA system and its deployment at the MRO, and discuss strategies developed to calibrate SITARA. We touch upon certain systematics seen in SITARA data and their modelling. We find that SITARA has sensitivity to all sky signals as well as non-negligible noise coupling between the antennas. It is seen that the coupled receiver noise has a spectral shape that broadly matches the theoretical calculations reported in prior works. We also find that when appropriately modified antenna radiation patterns taking into account the effects of mutual coupling are used, the measured data are well modelled by the standard visibility equation.
description: 27 pages, 17 figures, Accepted for publication in PASA
Quantum turbulence and Planckian dissipation
Creators: name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of the Planckian dissipation is extended to the system of the Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon discrete energy levels in the vortex core of superconductors and fermionic superfluids. In this extension, the Planck dissipation takes place when the relaxation time $τ$ is comparable with the quantum Heisenberg time $t_H=\hbar/ΔE$, where $ΔE$ is the interlevel distance in the vortex core (the minigap). This type of Planck dissipation has two important physical consequences. First, it determines the regime, when the effect of the axial anomaly becomes important. The anomalous spectral flow of the energy levels along the chiral branch of the Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon states becomes important in the super-Planckian region, i.e. when $τ\hbar/ΔE$.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in JETP Letters
title: 14th International Conference on the History of Science in East Asia
Publisher: name: EHESS
Year: 2015

description: The 14th International Conference on the History of Science in East Asia (14th ICHSEA) took place in Paris, 6-10 July 2015. It was organised under the auspices of the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), on behalf of the International Society for the History of East Asian Science, Technology and Medicine (ISHEASTM).   The   conference was the latest in a series of major international meetings   that have taken place in Europe, East Asia and America since 1990. It   brought together more than 380 researchers from all over the world to   present and discuss their latest research relevant to the history of   science, technology and medicine in East Asia from antiquity up to the   present day.   With 317   papers, about 200 of which were delivered as part of one of the 45   panels, the 14th ICHSEA was the largest internationa
TracedSPARQL: Benchmarks, Experimental Settings, and Evaluation
Creators: name: Rohde, Philipp D.
name: Gercke, Julian
name: Vidal, Maria-Esther
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: SHACL Validation
SPARQL Query Processing
Knowledge Graph Constraints
Provenance

description: This repository holds the data sets, SHACL shape schemas, SPARQL queries, code, and scripts used in the TracedSPARQL experiments.
 Files in this data set: data_preloaded - contains all data sets preloaded in Virtuoso 7.20.3229 data_raw - contains all data sets in RDF files Queries - contains the SPARQL queries used in the evaluation Shapes - contains the SHACL shape schemas used TracedSPARQL - contains all data, queries, shapes, scripts, and code in order to reproduce the experiments
description: {"references": ["G\u00fcne\u015f Alu\u00e7, Olaf Hartig, M. Tamer \u00d6zsu, and Khuzaima Daudjee. 2014. Diversified Stress Testing of RDF Data Management Systems. In The Semantic Web \u2013 ISWC 2014. Springer, Cham, 197\u2013212. https://doi.org10.1007/978-3-319-11964-9_13", "S\u00f6ren Auer, Christian Bizer, Georgi Kobilarov, Jens Lehmann, Richard Cyganiak, and Zachary Ives. 2007. DBpedia: A Nucleus for a Web of Open Data. In The Semantic Web. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 722\u2013735. https: //doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76298-0_52", "Yuanbo Guo, Zhengxiang Pan, and Jeff Heflin. 2005. LUBM: A Benchmark for OWL Knowledge Base Systems. Web Semantics 3, 2\u20133 (2005), 158\u2013182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.websem.2005.06.005"]}
A New Infrared Criterion for Selecting Active Galactic Nuclei to Lower Luminosities
Creators: name: Hviding, Raphael E.
name: Hainline, Kevin N.
name: Rieke, Marcia
name: Juneau, Stéphanie
name: Lyu, Jianwei
name: Pucha, Ragadeepika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectroscopic and photometric analysis of a sample of 416,288 galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) matched to mid-infrared (mid-IR) data from the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). By using a new spectroscopic fitting package, GELATO (Galaxy/AGN Emission Line Analysis TOol), we are able to retrieve emission line fluxes and uncertainties for SDSS spectra and robustly determine the presence of broad lines and outflowing components, enabling us to investigate WISE color space as a function of optical spectroscopic properties. In addition, we pursue SED template fitting to assess the relative AGN contribution and nuclear obscuration to compare to existing mid-IR selection criteria with WISE. We present a selection criterion in mid-IR color space to select Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) with a $\sim$80% accuracy and a completeness of $\sim$16%. This is the first mid-IR color selection defined by solely using the distribution of Type I and Type II optical spectroscopic AGNs in WISE mid-IR color space. Our selection is an improvement of $\sim$50% in the completeness of targeting spectroscopic AGNs with WISE down to an SDSS $r<17.77$ mag. In addition, our new criterion targets a less luminous population of AGNs, with on average lower [O III] luminosities by $\sim$30% ($>0.1$ dex) compared to typical WISE color-color selections. With upcoming large photometric surveys without corresponding spectroscopy, our method presents a way to select larger populations of AGNs at lower AGN luminosities and higher nuclear obscuration levels than traditional mid-IR color selections.
description: 31 pages, 22 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Energy analysis of bursting Hindmarsh-Rose neurons with time-delayed coupling
Creators: name: Moujahid, Abdelmalik
name: Vadillo, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mathematical modeling is an important tool to study the role of delay in neural systems and to evaluate its effects on the signaling activity of coupled neurons. Models for delayed neurons are often used to represent the dynamics of real neurons, but rarely to assess the energy required to maintain these dynamics. In this work, we address these questions from an energy perspective by considering a pair of Hindmarsh-Rose burst neurons coupled by reciprocal time-delayed coupling with electrical and chemical synapses. We examine the average energy consumption required to maintain cooperative behavior and quantify the contribution of synapses to total energy consumption. We show that unlike electrical coupling, where the time delay appears to reduce the instantaneous average relative weight of the synaptic contribution, in chemical coupling this average synaptic contribution appears to be much higher in delayed coupling than in instantaneous coupling, except at certain values of coupling strength where the instantaneous synaptic contribution is more important.
Update on the Systematics in the ALMA Proposal Review Process after Cycle 8
Creators: name: Carpenter, John M.
name: Corvillon, Andrea
name: Meyer, Jennifer Donovan
name: Plunkett, Adele L.
name: Kurowski, Robert
name: Chalevin, Alex
name: Macias, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an updated analysis of systematics in the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) proposal ranks from Carpenter (2020) to include the last two ALMA cycles, when significant changes were introduced in the proposal review process. In Cycle 7, the investigator list on the proposal cover sheet was randomized such that the reviewers were aware of the overall proposal team but did not know the identity of the principal investigator (PI). In Cycle 8, ALMA adopted distributed peer review for most proposals and implemented dual-anonymous review for all proposals, in which the identity of the proposal team was not revealed to the reviewers. The most significant change in the systematics in Cycles 7 and 8 compared to previous cycles is related to the experience of PIs in submitting ALMA proposals. PIs that submit a proposal every cycle tend to have ranks that are consistent with average in Cycles 7 and 8 whereas previously they had the best overall ranks. Also, PIs who submitted a proposal for the second time show improved ranks over previous cycles. These results suggest some biases related to the relative prominence of the PI have been present in the ALMA review process. Systematics related to regional affiliation remain largely unchanged in that PIs from Chile, East Asia, and non-ALMA regions tend to have poorer overall ranks than PIs from Europe and North America. The systematics of how one region ranks proposals from another region are also investigated. No significant differences in the overall ranks based on gender of the PI are observed.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in PASP
Hybrid stars and QCD phase transition with a NJL-like model
Creators: name: Zuo, Bing-Jun
name: Huang, Yong-Feng
name: Feng, Hong-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce a self-consistent mean field approximation to study the QCD phase transition and the structure of hybrid stars within the framework of NJL model. In our practice, a phenomenological parameter $α$ is introduced, which reflects the weights of "direct" channel and "exchange" channel under a finite chemical potential. The mass-radius relation is obtained by solving the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation using a crossover equation of state (EOS). We calculate the density distribution in a two solar-mass hybrid star to show the effects of different parameters. We also calculate the tidal Love number $k_2$ and the deformability $(Λ)$. It is found that the stiffness of the EOS increases with $α$, which allows us to obtain a hybrid star with a maximum mass of 2.40 solar-mass through our model. The observation of over 2.06 solar-mass neutron stars may indicates that the chiral transition may be a crossover on the whole $T-μ$ plane.
An 8.56 keV absorption line in the hyperluminous X-ray source in NGC 4045: ultra-fast outflow or cyclotron line?
Creators: name: Brightman, Murray
name: Kosec, Peter
name: Fürst, Felix
name: Earnshaw, Hannah
name: Heida, Marianne
name: Middleton, Matthew J
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Walton, Dominic J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery of an absorption line at $E=8.56^{+0.05}_{-0.11}$ keV detected with a significance of $>3.3σ$ in the NuSTAR and XMM-Newton spectra of a newly discovered hyperluminous X-ray source (HLX, $L_{\rm X}>10^{41}$ ergs$^{-1}$) in the galaxy NGC 4045 at a distance of 32 Mpc. The source was first discovered serendipitously in a Swift/XRT observation of the galaxy, and Swift monitoring reveals a highly variable source changing by over an order of magnitude from maximum to minimum. The origin of the absorption line appears likely to be by highly ionized iron with a blue shift of 0.19$c$, indicating an ultrafast outflow (UFO). However, the large equivalent width of the line (EW$=-0.22^{+0.08}_{-0.09}$ keV) paired with the lack of other absorption lines detected are difficult to reconcile with models. An alternative explanation is that the line is due to a cyclotron resonance scattering feature (CRSF), produced by the interaction of X-ray photons with the powerful magnetic field of a neutron star.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Self-Interacting Dark Matter from Gravitational Scattering
Creators: name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I show that gravitational scattering of dark-matter objects of 10^4 solar masses and speeds of 10 km/s, provides the cross-section per unit mass required in self-interacting dark matter models that alleviate the small-scale structure challenges to the collisionless cold dark matter model. For primordial objects of mass 10^4*(M_4) solar masses, moving at the velocity dispersion characteristic of dwarf galaxies, 10*(v_1) km/s, the cross-section per unit mass for gravitational scattering is 10*[M_4/(v_1)^4] cm^2/g. The steep decline in interaction with increasing velocity explains why self-interaction is not evident in data on massive galaxies and clusters of galaxies.
description: 5 pages, Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
A charge-modified general amber force field for phospholipids: improved structural properties in the tensionless ensemble
Creators: name: Slingsby, Jason G.
name: Shubham Vyas
name: C. Mark Maupin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Biotechnology
Physics
Biophysics

description: Accurately predicting the structural properties of phospholipid with a fully atomistic molecular model is critical for the study of pure phospholipid bilayers, mixed bilayer systems and bilayers containing proteins. The general amber force field (GAFF) has traditionally required the presence of a surface tension parameter to correctly model phospholipid bilayer properties such as area per lipid and order parameters. In this work, the GAFF partial charges for 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate (POPA), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphochiline (POPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (POPG) were re-parameterised utilising high-level ab initio calculations and the restrained electrostatic potential method. Simulations of pure POPA, POPC and POPG bilayers using the charge-modified GAFF and no applied surface tension are compared with available experimental data, the original GAFF model and the recent Lipid14 variant. The results indicate a significant improvement in the accuracy of the lipid model for reproducing experimental observables without the need for a surface tension parameter. The successful application of modifying the lipid charge distributions represents an alternative to the use of a surface tension parameter within GAFF, and highlights the importance of the partial charge calculations when modelling lipid bilayers.
New class of solutions in the non-minimal O(3)-sigma model
Creators: name: Lima, F. C. E.
name: Almeida, C. A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the study of topological vortices with non-minimal coupling, we built a kind of non-canonical O(3)-sigma model, with a Maxwell term modified by a dielectric function. Through the BPS formalism, an investigation is made on possible configurations of vortices in topological sectors of the sigma model and the real scalar field. For a particular ansatz, the solutions of the topological sector of the real scalar field are described by the known kink solutions. On the other hand, when studying the vortices in the non-minimal sector of the pure O(3)-sigma model, it is detected the emergence of solutions that generate solitary waves similar to structures derived from a KdV-like theory. We observed that in the study of mixed models, namely, the topological sector of the O(3)-sigma model coupled to the topological sector of the real scalar field, the vortex solutions assume a profile of a step function. Then, when kinks of the topological sector of the scalar field are interacting with the field of the sigma model, it makes the field solutions of the O(3)-sigma model become extremely localized, making the vortice structures non-physical.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures. To appear in Physics Letters B
Laser-induced electron Fresnel diffraction in the tunneling and over-barrier ionization
Creators: name: Geng, Lei
name: Liang, Hao
name: Peng, Liang-You
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photoelectron momentum distribution in the strong-field ionization has a variety of structures that reveal the complicated dynamics of this process. Recently, we identified a low-energy interference structure in the case of a super-intense extreme ultraviolet (XUV) laser pulse and attributed it to the laser-induced electron Fresnel diffraction. This structure is determined by the laser-induced electron displacement [Geng L et al. 2021 Phys. Rev. A 104(2) L021102]. In the present work, we find that the Fresnel diffraction picture is also present in the tunneling and over-barrier regime of ionization by short pulses. However, the electron displacement is now induced by the electric field component of the laser pulse, instead of by the magnetic field component in the case of the superintense XUV pulse. After corresponding modifications to our quantum and semiclassical models, we find the same physical mechanism of the Fresnel diffraction governs the low-energy interference structures along the laser polarization. The results predicted by the two models agree well with the accurate results from the numerical solution to the time-dependent Schrodinger equation.
Model for Nitric oxide and its dayglow emission in the Martian upper atmosphere using NGIMS/MAVEN measured neutral and ion densities
Creators: name: Raghuram, Susarla
name: Bhardwaj, Anil
name: Dharwan, Maneesha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive study of Nitric oxide (NO) chemistry in the Martian upper atmosphere is restricted due to the lack of requisite measurements. NO is an abundant form of odd nitrogen species in the Martian lower atmosphere and its density depends on several photochemical processes. We have developed a photochemical model to study the NO density in the dayside of Martian upper atmosphere by accounting for various production and loss mechanisms. By utilizing the Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) on-board Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission measured neutral and ion densities during deep dip 8 and 9 campaigns, we modelled NO number density in the Martian sunlit upper atmosphere for the altitudes between 120 and 200 km. The modelled NO densities are employed to calculate NO (1,0) gamma band emission intensity profiles in the dayside upper atmosphere of Mars. The calculated NO density and its gamma band intensity profiles are found to be consistent with Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrograph (IUVS) onboard MAVEN observations and also with other modelling studies. We found that the local CO2 and N2 density variations can lead to a change in NO density and consequently its dayglow intensity by a factor of 2 to 5. Since NO is a trace constituent and also its dayglow emissions are strongly obscured by CO Cameron band emissions, we suggest that the derivation of NO number density based on our approach can constrain its abundance in the dayside upper atmosphere of Mars. More observations of (1-0) gamma band emission along with modelling will help to study the global distribution of NO in the Martian atmosphere.
description: 13 pages, 10 Figures, 2 Tables
Optical characterization of two cataclysmic variables: RBS 0490 and SDSS J075939.79+191417.3
Creators: name: Joshi, Arti
name: Pandey, J. C.
name: Rawat, Nikita
name: Raj, Ashish
name: Wang, Wei
name: Singh, H. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical photometric and spectroscopic observations of two Cataclysmic Variables (CVs), namely RBS 0490 and SDSS J075939.79+191417.3. The optical variations of RBS 0490 have been found to occur at the period of 1.689$\pm$0.001 hr which appears to be a probable orbital period of the system. Present photometric observations of SDSS J075939.79+191417.3 confirm and refine the previously determined orbital period as 3.14240928$\pm$0.00000096 hr. The presence of long-duration eclipse features in the light curves of SDSS J075939.79+191417.3 indicates eclipses might be due to an accretion disc and bright spot. The orbital inclination of SDSS J075939.79+191417.3 is estimated to be $\sim$ 78 $^\circ$ using the eclipse morphology. The phased-light curve variations during the orbital cycle of RBS 0490 provide evidence of the emission from an independent second accretion region or a second fainter pole. Optical spectra of RBS 0490 and SDSS J075939.79+191417.3 show the presence of strong Balmer, weak He II ($λ$4686) emission lines, along with the detection of strong $Hβ$ emission lines with a large value of equivalent width. The characteristic features of RBS 0490 seem to favour low-field polars, while SDSS J075939.79+191417.3 appears to be similar to the non-magnetic systems.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, Accepted for publication in AJ