cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Duffin-Schaeffer type conjectures in various local fields
Creators: name: Li, Liangpan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper discovers a new phenomenon about the Duffin-Schaeffer conjecture, which claims that $λ(\cap_{m=1}^{\infty}\cup_{n=m}^{\infty}{\mathcal E}_n)=1$ if and only if $\sum_nλ({\mathcal E}_n)=\infty$, where $λ$ denotes the Lebesgue measure on $\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$, \[ {\mathcal E}_n={\mathcal E}_n(ψ)=\bigcup_{m=1 \atop (m,n)=1}^n\big(\frac{m-ψ(n)}{n},\frac{m+ψ(n)}{n}\big), \] $ψ$ is any non-negative arithmetical function. Instead of studying $\cap_{m=1}^{\infty}\cup_{n=m}^{\infty}{\mathcal E}_n$ we introduce an even fundamental object $\cup_{n=1}^{\infty}{\mathcal E}_n$ and conjecture there exists a universal constant $C>0$ such that \[λ(\bigcup_{n=1}^{\infty}{\mathcal E}_n)\geq C\min\{\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}λ({\mathcal E}_n),1\}.\] It is shown that this conjecture is equivalent to the Duffin-Schaeffer conjecture. Similar phenomena are found in the fields of $p$-adic numbers and formal Laurent series. As a byproduct, we answer conditionally a question of Haynes by showing that one can always use the quasi-independence on average method to deduce $λ(\cap_{m=1}^{\infty}\cup_{n=m}^{\infty}{\mathcal E}_n)=1$ as long as the Duffin-Schaeffer conjecture is true. We also show among several others that two conjectures of Haynes, Pollington and Velani are equivalent to the Duffin-Schaeffer conjecture, and introduce for the first time a weighted version of the second Borel-Cantelli lemma to the study of the Duffin-Schaeffer conjecture.
Learning Electron Bunch Distribution along a FEL Beamline by Normalising Flows
Creators: name: Willmann, Anna
name: Cabadağ, Jurjen Couperus
name: Chang, Yen-Yu
name: Pausch, Richard
name: Ghaith, Amin
name: Debus, Alexander
name: Irman, Arie
name: Bussmann, Michael
name: Schramm, Ulrich
name: Hoffmann, Nico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding and control of Laser-driven Free Electron Lasers remain to be difficult problems that require highly intensive experimental and theoretical research. The gap between simulated and experimentally collected data might complicate studies and interpretation of obtained results. In this work we developed a deep learning based surrogate that could help to fill in this gap. We introduce a surrogate model based on normalising flows for conditional phase-space representation of electron clouds in a FEL beamline. Achieved results let us discuss further benefits and limitations in exploitability of the models to gain deeper understanding of fundamental processes within a beamline.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Gale duality and Koszul duality
Creators: name: Braden, Tom
name: Licata, Anthony
name: Proudfoot, Nicholas
name: Webster, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S37, 52C35, 14M25

description: Given an affine hyperplane arrangement with some additional structure, we define two finite-dimensional, noncommutative algebras, both of which are motivated by the geometry of hypertoric varieties. We show that these algebras are Koszul dual to each other, and that the roles of the two algebras are reversed by Gale duality. We also study the centers and representation categories of our algebras, which are in many ways analogous to integral blocks of category O.
description: 55 pages; v2 contains significant revisions to proofs and to some of the results. Section 7 has been deleted; that material will be incorporated into a later paper by the same authors
Existence of Magnetic Compressible Fluid Stars
Creators: name: Federbush, Paul
name: Luo, Tao
name: Smoller, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of magnetic star solutions which are axi-symmetric stationary solutions for the Euler-Poisson system of compressible fluids coupled to a magnetic field is proved in this paper by a variational method. Our method of proof consists of deriving an elliptic equation for the magnetic potential in cylindrical coordinates in $\mathbb{R}^3$, and obtaining the estimates of the Green's function for this elliptic equation by transforming it to 5-Laplacian.
Possible Relation between the Cosmological Constant and Standard Model Parameters
Creators: name: Hertzberg, Mark P.
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose possible properties of quantum gravity in de Sitter space, and find that they relate the value of the cosmological constant to parameters of the Standard Model. In de Sitter space we suggest (i) that the most sharply defined observables are obtained by scattering objects from the horizon and back to the horizon and (ii) that black holes of discrete charge are well defined states in the theory. For a black hole of minimal discrete electric charge, we therefore demand that a scattering process involving the black hole and a probe can take place within a Hubble time before evaporating away, so that the state of a discretely charged black hole is well defined. By imposing that the black hole's charge is in principle detectable, which involves appreciably altering the state of a scattered electron, we derive a relation between the Hubble scale, or cosmological constant, and the electron's mass and charge and order one coefficients that describe our ignorance of the full microscopic theory. This gives the prediction $Λ\sim 10^{-123 \pm 2} M_{Pl}^4$, which includes the observed value of dark energy. We suggest possible ways to test this proposal.
description: 4 pages in double column format. 1 figure. V2: Further clarifications added, including a figure. V3: Minor changes. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. V4: Comment added
Survey Tool: Advancement of Metrics for Menstrual Hygiene Management In the Workplace
Creators: name: Caruso, Bethany
name: Conrad, Amelia
name: Patrick, Madeleine
name: Sinharoy, Sheela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 420699
subject: Public health not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 420602
subject: Health equity

description: Suggested citation:Caruso, B.A., Conrad, A., Ramaswamy, A., Stephen, A., Patrick, M., & Sinharoy, S. 2021. Advancement of Metrics for Menstrual Hygiene Management in the Workplace: Survey Tool. Washington, DC, USAID Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Partnerships and Learning for Sustainability (WASHPaLS) Project.
Localization algebras and deformations of Koszul algebras
Creators: name: Braden, Tom
name: Licata, Anthony
name: Phan, Christopher
name: Proudfoot, Nicholas
name: Webster, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S37, 16G99, 55N91

description: We show that the center of a flat graded deformation of a standard Koszul algebra behaves in many ways like the torus-equivariant cohomology ring of an algebraic variety with finite fixed-point set. In particular, the center acts by characters on the deformed standard modules, providing a "localization map." We construct a universal graded deformation, and show that the spectrum of its center is supported on a certain arrangement of hyperplanes which is orthogonal to the arrangement coming the Koszul dual algebra. This is an algebraic version of a duality discovered by Goresky and MacPherson between the equivariant cohomology rings of partial flag varieties and Springer fibers; we recover and generalize their result by showing that the center of the universal deformation for the ring governing a block of parabolic category $\mathcal{O}$ for $\mathfrak{gl}_n$ is isomorphic to the equivariant cohomology of a Spaltenstein variety. We also identify the center of the deformed version of the "category $\mathcal{O}$" of a hyperplane arrangement (defined by the authors in a previous paper) with the equivariant cohomology of a hypertoric variety.
description: 39 pages; v3: final version
Peer Counseling: Method, Metaphor, or Mindset?
Creators: name: Jordan, Leonora Micah
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: peer support
subject: independent living
subject: Ergänzende unabhängige Teilhabeberatung – EUTB
subject: Peer Counseling
subject: ableism
subject: counseling methods
subject: expert by experience
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Peer Counseling and Peer-to-Peer-Counseling are two common counseling formats worldwide where people meet each other at eye level. Rooted in the Independent Living and Self-Help Movement, “classic” Peer Counseling can be considered a professional counseling service offered by and for people with disabilities. In this article, the question is explored whether Peer Counseling is far more reaching than just being labeled as a counseling method. In many countries, it has now found a permanent place in the counseling landscape among others. Furthermore, the question arises whether it does not also serve as a metaphor for a self-determined way of life. In addition, in this study it will be determined whether and why the mindset and attitude are also important in professional Peer Counseling. Since 2018, Peer Counseling has been offered at over 500 counseling centers in Germany as part of the “Ergänzende unabhängige Teilhabeberatung—EUTB®” (Additional Independent Participation Consulting). At a low-threshold and accessible level, advice seekers can find competent individual-centered professional counseling here—often from experts by experience: peers. For many people seeking advice, this is the first and last point of contact for all matters relating to rehabilitation, inclusion and social participation. As part of my PhD-project, I am doing research on Peer Counseling and parallel to this, I train EUTB- and Peer Counselors. Peer Counseling actually is (much more than) a counseling approach which represents a true enrichment for everyone.
Extraordinary Bulk Insulating Behavior in the Strongly Correlated Materials FeSi and FeSb$_2$
Creators: name: Eo, Yun Suk
name: Avers, Keenan
name: Horn, Jarryd A.
name: Yoon, Hyeok
name: Saha, Shanta
name: Suarez, Alonso
name: Fuhrer, Michael S.
name: Paglione, Johnpierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 4$f$ electron-based topological Kondo insulators have long been researched for their potential to conduct electric current via protected surface states, while simultaneously exhibiting unusually robust insulating behavior in their interiors. To this end, we have investigated the electrical transport of the 3$d$-based correlated insulators FeSi and FeSb$_2$, which have exhibited enough similarities to their $f$ electron cousins to warrant investigation. By using a double-sided Corbino disk transport geometry, we show unambiguous evidence of surface conductance in both of these Fe-based materials. In addition, by using a 4-terminal Corbino inverted resistance technique, we extract the bulk resistivity as a function of temperature. Similar to topological Kondo insulator SmB$_6$, the bulk resistivity of FeSi and FeSb$_2$ are confirmed to exponentially increase by up to 9 orders of magnitude from room temperature to the lowest accessible temperature. This demonstrates that these materials are excellent bulk insulators, providing an ideal platform for studying correlated 2D physics.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
The Finnish partitive in counting and measuring constructions
Creators: name: Sutton, Peter R.
name: Little, Carol-Rose
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: This paper proposes a compositional semantic analysis for the use of the partitive case in counting and measuring constructions in Finnish. Count nouns in counting construc- tions are partitive singular but partitive plural in measure constructions. Mass nouns are infelicitous in counting constructions but are partitive singular in measure constructions. We propose an analysis for this pattern by making the semantics of the partitive morpheme both (i) derived from the notion of mereological parthood and (ii) sensitive to quantization. Finally, we show how this analysis extends to account for why mass nouns and plural count nouns in partitive case are felicitous as partitive subjects, when singular count nouns in partitive case are not.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 2 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Ab Initio Symmetry-Adapted Emulator for Studying Emergent Collectivity and Clustering in Nuclei
Creators: name: Becker, Kevin S.
name: Launey, Kristina D.
name: Ekström, Andreas
name: Dytrych, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss emulators from the ab initio symmetry-adapted no-core shell-model framework for studying the formation of alpha clustering and collective properties without effective charges. We present a new type of an emulator, one that utilizes the eigenvector continuation technique but is based on the use of symplectic symmetry considerations. This is achieved by using physically relevant degrees of freedom, namely, the symmetry-adapted basis, which exploits the almost perfect symplectic symmetry in nuclei. Specifically, we study excitation energies, point-proton root-mean-square radii, along with electric quadrupole moments and transitions for 6Li and 12C. We show that the set of parameterizations of the chiral potential used to train the emulators has no significant effect on predictions of dominant nuclear features, such as shape and the associated symplectic symmetry, along with cluster formation, but slightly varies details that affect collective quadrupole moments, asymptotic normalization coefficients, and alpha partial widths up to a factor of two. This makes these types of emulators important for further constraining the nuclear force for high-precision nuclear structure and reaction observables.
description: 11 pages including references, 47 cited references, 1 table, 6 figures
A model colloidal gel for coordinated measurements of force, structure, and rheology
Creators: name: Hsiao, Lilian C.
name: Whitaker, Kathryn A.
name: Solomon, Michael J.
name: Furst, Eric M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a model gel system in which colloidal forces, structure, and rheology are measured by balancing the requirements of rheological and microscopy techniques with those of optical tweezers. Sterically stabilized poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) colloids are suspended in cyclohexane (CH) and cyclohexyl bromide (CHB) with dilute polystyrene serving as a depletion agent. A solvent comprising of 37% weight fraction CH provides sufficient refractive index contrast to enable optical trapping, while maintaining good confocal imaging quality and minimal sedimentation effects on the bulk rheology. At this condition, and at a depletant concentration c = 8.64 mg/mL (c/c* = 0.81), results from optical trapping show that 50% of bonds rupture at 3.3 pN. The linear strain-dependent elastic modulus of the corresponding gel (volume fraction = 0.20) is G' = 1.8 Pa, and the mean contact number of the particles in the gel structure is 5.4. These structural and rheological parameters are similar to colloidal gels that are weakly aggregating and cluster-like. Thus, the model gel yields a concomitant characterization of the interparticle forces, microstructure, and bulk rheology in a single experimental system, thereby introducing the simultaneous comparison of these experimental measures to models and simulations.
Exploring the Intergalactic Magnetic Field by Means of Faraday Tomography
Creators: name: Akahori, Takuya
name: Kumazaki, Kohei
name: Takahashi, Keitaro
name: Ryu, Dongsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unveiling the intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF) in filaments of galaxies is a very important and challenging subject in modern astronomy. In order to probe the IGMF from rotation measures (RMs) of extragalactic radio sources, we need to separate RMs due to other origins such as the source, intervening galaxies, and our Galaxy. In this paper, we discuss observational strategies for the separation by means of Faraday tomography (Faraday RM Synthesis). We consider an observation of a single radio source such as a radio galaxy or a quasar viewed through the Galaxy and the cosmic web. We then compare the observation with another observation of a neighbor source with a small angular separation. Our simulations with simple models of the sources suggest that it would be not easy to detect the RM due to the IGMF of order ~ 1 rad/m/m, an expected value for the IGMF through a single filament. Contrary to it, we find that the RM of at least ~10 rad/m/m could be detected with the SKA or its pathfinders/precursors, if we achieve selections of ideal sources. These results would be improved if we incorporate decomposition techniques such as RMCLEAN and QU-fitting. We discuss feasibility of the strategies for cases with complex Galactic emissions as well as with effects of observational noise and radio frequency interferences.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
A computational study of stress fiber-focal adhesion dynamics governing cell contractility
Creators: name: Maraldi, Mirko
name: Valero, Clara
name: Garikipati, Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a recently developed model of cytoskeletal force generation to study a cell intrinsic contractility, as well as its response to external loading. The model is based on a non-equilibrium thermodynamic treatment of the mechano-chemistry governing force in the stress fiber-focal adhesion system. Our computational study suggests that the mechanical coupling between the stress fibers and focal adhesions leads to a complex, dynamic, mechano-chemical response. We collect the results in response maps whose regimes are distinguished by the initial geometry of the stress fiber-focal adhesion system, and by the external load on the cell. The results from our model connect qualitatively with recent studies on the force response of smooth muscle cells on arrays of polymeric microposts (Mann et al., Lab. on a Chip, 12, 731-740, 2012).
description: 23 pages, 12 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Biophysical Journal
Same as the parameter of an equation construction
Creators: name: Sun, Yenan
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: Rett (2013) proposes that the difference between scalar equatives (Mary is as tall as Sue is) and similatives (Mary danced as Sue did) in terms of whether a parameter marker (i.e. the underlined as) is needed, can be attributed to their difference in whether lexicalized arguments are equated (degrees vs. manners). This paper shows that the same-sentence, which is a kind of equation construction, poses a challenge to Rett (2013) at first sight and to maintain her proposal, I argue that a null parameter marker must co-occur with the parameter same. Moreover, the existence of such a null parameter marker is not simply postulated to fit same into Rett (2013) but rather reveals something deep about this word, as it can straightforwardly account for its extraordinary scoping pattern (Dowty, 1985; Barker, 2007; Brasoveanu, 2011).
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 2 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Second line Antiretroviral Treatment failure and predictors among adults in northwest Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tesfahun, Adino
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Introduction: The rate of switch from first-line to second-line regimen and number patients taking second line ART is increasing from time to time, and in Ethiopia 1.5% HIV patients on ART are on second line regimen. Though some studies based in Ethiopia investigate the outcomes of first-line HIV treatment; to date, no study has been done regarding second line treatment. This study aims to anticipate the rate of second line regimens failure and predictors and thereby to inform respective stakeholders and assist in planning for the need of third line regimens in the future.

Objective: To assess second line Antiretroviral treatment failure and predictors among adults in northwest Ethiopia.

Methods: Institution based retrospective follow up study was conducted at University of Gondar, Flege Hiwot referral and Debretabor Hospitals from March 30, 2015 to May 18, 2015 among 356 clients in the age of 15 and above. The data were collected from patient charts, computer soft copies and registries. Life table was used to estimate the cumulative survival. Both bi-variable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify predictor of failure. 95% confidence level was used
Liebe, Akzeptanz & Unterstützung: Eine Forschungsarbeit über das Beziehungserleben von Menschen mit kognitiver Beeinträchtigung
Creators: name: Benassi, Yanina
name: Künzler, Michelle
name: Schwery, Nicole
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: In der vorliegenden Forschungsarbeit wird der Frage nach dem Erleben von Beziehung von Menschen mit kognitiver Beeinträchtigung in Institutionen und der entsprechenden Unterstützung durch die Professionellen der Sozialen Arbeit nachgegangen. Dazu wurde der Fähigkeitenansatz von Marta C. Nussbaum als Grundlage für das sozialpädagogische Handeln gewählt. Die grundlegenden zehn Fähigkeiten müssen auf der handlungs- und der gesellschaftspolitischen Ebene für ein menschenwürdiges Dasein realisiert werden. Dies soll mit dem Normalisierungsprinzip von Bank-Mikkelsen (1959) erreicht werden. Der Ansatz wurde durch Nirje (1969) und Wolfensberger (1972) weiterentwickelt und vertritt, dass sich die Sicht und die Haltung von nichtbeeinträchtigten Menschen gegenüber beeinträchtigten Menschen verändern soll. So sollen auf der gesellschaftlichen und politischen Ebene Veränderungen vorangetrieben werden, um eine komplette Gleichstellung zu ermöglichen. Die geltenden Normen und Werte der Gesellschaft beeinflussen auch die Fachpersonen der Sozialpädagogik, von denen erwartet wird, dass sie ihre professionellen Haltungen stets reflektieren. Damit soll gewährleistet werden, dass ein Gleichgewicht im Spannungsfeld zwischen der Selbstbestimmung und dem Schutz der Bewohner*innen gelingt. Dafür ist eine transparente und proaktive Kommunikation der institutionsinternen Konzepte und Regeln sowie der Rechte der Betroffenen nötig. Aus diesen Aspekten erschliesst sich auch der Titel der vorliegenden Bachelor Arbeit: «Liebe, Akzeptanz & Unterstützung».
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basp + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa+ Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialpädagogik & Sozialarbeit, 2022 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202209
Hypertoric category O
Creators: name: Braden, Tom
name: Licata, Anthony
name: Proudfoot, Nicholas
name: Webster, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B10, 16S32, 53D55, 52C35, 14M25

description: We study the representation theory of the invariant subalgebra of the Weyl algebra under a torus action, which we call a "hypertoric enveloping algebra." We define an analogue of BGG category O for this algebra, and identify it with a certain category of sheaves on a hypertoric variety. We prove that a regular block of this category is highest weight and Koszul, identify its Koszul dual, compute its center, and study its cell structure. We also consider a collection of derived auto-equivalences analogous to the shuffling and twisting functors for BGG category O.
description: 65 pages, TikZ figures (PDF is recommended; DVI will not display correctly on all computers); v5: correcting an error in the proof of Lemma 8.25
Deficiency, Kinetic Invertibility, and Catalysis in Stochastic Chemical Reaction Networks
Creators: name: Srinivas, Shesha Gopal Marehalli
name: Polettini, Matteo
name: Esposito, Massimiliano
name: Avanzini, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic chemical processes are described by the chemical master equation satisfying the law of mass-action. We first ask whether the dual master equation, which has the same steady state as the chemical master equation, but with inverted reaction currents, satisfies the law of mass-action, namely, still describes a chemical process. We prove that the answer depends on the topological property of the underlying chemical reaction network known as deficiency. The answer is yes only for deficiency-zero networks. It is no for all other networks, implying that their steady-state currents cannot be inverted by controlling the kinetic constants of the reactions. Hence, the network deficiency imposes a form of non-invertibility to the chemical dynamics. We then ask whether catalytic chemical networks are deficiency-zero. We prove that the answer is no when they are driven out of equilibrium due to the exchange of some species with the environment.
Exploring the existential/universal ambiguity in singular donkey sentences
Creators: name: Sun, Chao
name: Rothschild, Daniel
name: Breheny, Richard
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: Although widely discussed in the semantics literature, donkey sentences have been the subject of very little experimental study. In this paper, we present experimental work that is aimed at addressing somewhat open questions around donkey sentences with determiners other than ‘every’ and their susceptibility to both Universal and Existential readings. Our experiments test donkey sentences with ‘every’, ‘no’, ‘some’ and ‘more than two’. By using both verification and act-out tasks, we are able to show that Universal readings are available for donkey sentences with existential determiners (specifically, ‘more than two’), as well as Existential readings. However, our studies fail to show that sentences with ‘no’ have a Universal reading, and they also provide some evidence against the idea that ‘no’ sentences have dual readings.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 2 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Fairness Evaluation in Text Classification: Machine Learning Practitioner Perspectives of Individual and Group Fairness
Creators: name: Ashktorab, Zahra
name: Hoover, Benjamin
name: Agarwal, Mayank
name: Dugan, Casey
name: Geyer, Werner
name: Yang, Hao Bang
name: Yurochkin, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mitigating algorithmic bias is a critical task in the development and deployment of machine learning models. While several toolkits exist to aid machine learning practitioners in addressing fairness issues, little is known about the strategies practitioners employ to evaluate model fairness and what factors influence their assessment, particularly in the context of text classification. Two common approaches of evaluating the fairness of a model are group fairness and individual fairness. We run a study with Machine Learning practitioners (n=24) to understand the strategies used to evaluate models. Metrics presented to practitioners (group vs. individual fairness) impact which models they consider fair. Participants focused on risks associated with underpredicting/overpredicting and model sensitivity relative to identity token manipulations. We discover fairness assessment strategies involving personal experiences or how users form groups of identity tokens to test model fairness. We provide recommendations for interactive tools for evaluating fairness in text classification.
description: To appear in Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '23)
A categorical action on quantized quiver varieties
Creators: name: Webster, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we describe a categorical action of any Kac-Moody algebra on a category of quantized coherent sheaves on Nakajima quiver varieties. By "quantized coherent sheaves," we mean a category of sheaves of modules over a deformation quantization of the natural symplectic structure on quiver varieties. This action is a direct categorification of the geometric construction of universal enveloping algebras by Nakajima.
description: 26 pages. DVI may not compile correctly; PDF is recommended. v3: extensive rewriting of proofs and exposition; main results are unchanged
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title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐµÐ»ÑÐºÐ¾, ÐÐ¸ÐºÑÐ¾Ñ
name: ÐÐ°Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð², Ð¡ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÐ¹
name: ÐÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð², ÐÐµÐ¾ÑÐ³Ð¸Ð¹
name: ÐÐ¸Ð·ÐµÐ²ÐµÑÑÐµÑ, ÐÐ¼Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹
name: Ð§ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð², ÐÐ²Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹
Publisher: name: ÐÐÐÐÐ¢ÐÐ¥-ÐÐ ÐÐ¡Ð¡
Year: 2024
Subjects: ÐÐ°Ð±ÐµÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð¸

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A Galactic Origin for the Fast Radio Burst FRB010621
Creators: name: Bannister, Keith W.
name: Madsen, Greg. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent detection of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) has generated strong interest in identifying the origin of these bright, non-repeating, highly dispersed pulses. The principal limitation in understanding the origin of these bursts is the lack of reliable distance estimates; their high dispersion measures imply that they may be at cosmological distances ($0.1 < z < 1.0$). Here we discuss new distance constraints to the FRB010621 (a.k.a J1852$-$08) first reported by Keane. We use velocity resolved $Hα$ and $Hβ$ observations of diffuse ionised gas toward the burst to calculate an extinction-corrected emission measure along the line of sight. We combine this emission measure with models of Galactic rotation and of electron distribution to derive a 90% probability of the pulse residing in the Galaxy. However, we cannot differentiate between the two Galactic interpretations of Keane: a neutron star with unusual pulse amplitude distribution or Galactic black hole annihilation.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Accepted in MNRAS
Using Virtual Reality to Shape Humanity's Return to the Moon: Key Takeaways from a Design Study
Creators: name: Nilsson, Tommy
name: Rometsch, Flavie
name: Becker, Leonie
name: Dufresne, Florian
name: de Medeiros, Paul
name: Guerra, Enrico
name: Casini, Andrea E. M.
name: Vock, Anna
name: Gaeremynck, Florian
name: Cowley, Aidan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.1.2; I.3.8; J.4; J.m; K.8.2; J.6
subject: 93B51, 97M50

description: Revived interest in lunar exploration is heralding a new generation of design solutions in support of human operations on the Moon. While space system design has traditionally been guided by prototype deployments in analogue studies, the resource-intensive nature of this approach has largely precluded application of proficient user-centered design (UCD) methods from human-computer interaction (HCI). This paper explores possible use of Virtual Reality (VR) to simulate analogue studies in lab settings and thereby bring to bear UCD in this otherwise engineering-dominated field. Drawing on the ongoing development of the European Large Logistics Lander, we have recreated a prospective lunar operational scenario in VR and evaluated it with a group of astronauts and space experts (n=20). Our qualitative findings demonstrate the efficacy of VR in facilitating UCD, enabling efficient contextual inquiries and improving project team coordination. We conclude by proposing future directions to further exploit VR in lunar systems design.
description: In Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI'23), April 23-28, 2023, Hamburg, Germany. ACM
Until-phrases as obligatory free choice items
Creators: name: Staniszewski, Frank
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: ollowing Mittwoch (1977), Iatridou and Zeijlstra (to appear), I attempt a unified account of until (which has proven challenging for reasons I discuss). I propose a basic weak meaning, which obligatorily strengthens in upward-entailing environments in a manner similar to free-choice. Infelicity then results in cases where this strengthened meaning contradicts contextual knowledge about the sentences that the until phrase modifies. I argue that this account avoids the empirical problems of previous accounts, and also provides a way to understand until’s status as a ‘strong’ NPI: Its restricted distribution in (merely) Strawson downward-entailing environments can be explained with independently motivated mechanisms governing the interaction between presuppositions and implicatures.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 2 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Navigating Multi-Stakeholder Incentives and Preferences: Co-Designing Alternatives for the Future of Gig Worker Well-Being
Creators: name: Hsieh, Jane
name: Karger, Miranda
name: Zagal, Lucas
name: Zhu, Haiyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Gig workers, and the products and services they provide, play an increasingly ubiquitous role in our daily lives. But despite growing evidence suggesting that worker well-being in gig economy platforms have become significant societal problems, few studies have investigated possible solutions. We take a stride in this direction by engaging workers, platform employees, and local regulators in a series of speed dating workshops using storyboards based on real-life situations to rapidly elicit stakeholder preferences for addressing financial, physical, and social issues related to worker well-being. Our results reveal that existing public and platformic infrastructures fall short in providing workers with resources needed to perform gigs, surfacing a need for multi-platform collaborations, technological innovations, as well as changes in regulations, labor laws, and the public's perception of gig workers, among others. Drawing from multi-stakeholder findings, we discuss these implications for technology, policy, and service as well as avenues for collaboration.
Design of a fast speckle wavemeter with optical processing
Creators: name: Mendicino, Lucas Rodrigo
name: Schmiegelow, Christian Tomás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a design concept for a speckle based wavemeter that combines high spectral resolution and fast response times. Our device uses a fixed disperse medium with small coherence length as an optical pre-processor and a series of programmable optical elements as post-processor. The pre-processor generates a complex speckle pattern with a given correlation length, then the post-processor transforms the optical field to a simple binary pattern with intensity proportional to the wavelength deviation from a reference value. We show how to construct a device which can be trained to produce an electrical signal on a balanced detector proportional to the wavelength. Also, we demonstrate that the device can operate from sub-picometer up to nanometer resolution using a pre-processor with correlation length in the picometer range. More generally, our results show how the use of a programmable optical post-processor with low spectral resolution can be enhanced by a fixed pre-procesor with a higher one.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Weighted Khovanov-Lauda-Rouquier Algebras
Creators: name: Webster, Ben
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2019

description: In this paper, we define a generalization of Khovanov-Lauda-Rouquier
algebras which we call weighted Khovanov-Lauda-Rouquier
 algebras. We show that these algebras carry many of the same
structures as the original Khovanov-Lauda-Rouquier algebras, including
induction and restriction functors which induce a twisted bialgebra
structure on their Grothendieck groups.We also define natural steadied quotients of these algebras,
which in an important special cases give categorical actions of an
associated Lie algebra. These include the algebras categorifying
tensor products and Fock spaces defined by the author and Stroppel [in
Ben Webster,  Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 250 (2017), no. 1191, 141, and Catharina Stroppel and Ben Webster, Quiver Schur algebras and $q$-Fock space, arxiv 1110.1115].


For symmetric Cartan matrices, weighted KLR algebras also have a
natural geometric interpretation as convolution algebras, generalizing
that for the original KLR algebras by Varagnolo and Vasserot
[J. Reine Angew. Math. 659 (2011), 67-100]; this result has positivity consequences important in the
theory of crystal bases. In this case, we can also relate the
Grothendieck group and its bialgebra structure to the Hall algebra of
the associated quiver.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 24 (2019), p. 209-250
Combinatorial exploration of quantum spin liquid candidates in the herbertsmithite material family
Creators: name: Hallett, Alex
name: Avarvarei, Catalina
name: Harter, John W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometric frustration of magnetic ions can lead to a quantum spin liquid ground state where long range magnetic order is avoided despite strong exchange interactions. The physical realization of quantum spin liquids comprises a major unresolved area of contemporary materials science. One prominent magnetically-frustrated structure is the kagome lattice. The naturally occurring minerals herbertsmithite [ZnCu$_3$(OH)$_6$Cl$_2$] and Zn-substituted barlowite [ZnCu$_3$(OH)$_6$BrF] both feature perfect kagome layers of spin-$1/2$ copper ions and display experimental signatures consistent with a quantum spin liquid state at low temperatures. To investigate other possible candidates within this material family, we perform a systematic first-principles combinatorial exploration of structurally related compounds [$A$Cu$_3$(OH)$_6B_2$ and $A$Cu$_3$(OH)$_6BC$] by substituting non-magnetic divalent cations ($A$) and halide anions ($B$, $C$). After optimizing such structures using density functional theory, we compare various structural and thermodynamic parameters to determine which compounds are most likely to favor a quantum spin liquid state. Convex hull calculations using binary compounds are performed to determine feasibility of synthesis. We also estimate the likelihood of interlayer substitutional disorder and spontaneous distortions of the kagome layers. After considering all of these factors as a whole, we select several promising candidate materials that we believe deserve further attention.
An optically modulated zero-field atomic magnetometer with suppressed spin-exchange broadening
Creators: name: Jimenez-Martinez, Ricardo
name: Knappe, Svenja
name: Kitching, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate an optically pumped $^{87}$Rb magnetometer in a microfabricated vapor cell based on a zero-field dispersive resonance generated by optical modulation of the $^{87}$Rb ground state energy levels. The magnetometer is operated in the spin-exchange relaxation-free regime where high magnetic field sensitivities can be achieved. This device can be useful in applications requiring array-based magnetometers where radio frequency magnetic fields can induce cross-talk among adjacent sensors or affect the source of the magnetic field being measured.
Incremental semantic restriction and subjectivity-based adjective ordering
Creators: name: Scontras, Gregory
name: Bar-Sever, Galia
name: Kachakeche, Zeinab
name: Rosales Jr., Cesar Manuel
name: Samonte, Suttera
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: Adjective ordering preferences (e.g., big blue box vs. blue big box) are robustly attested in many unrelated languages (Dixon, 1982). Scontras et al. (2017) showed that adjective subjectivity is a robust predictor of ordering preferences in English: less subjective adjectives occur closer to the modified noun. In a follow-up to this finding, several authors have claimed that pressures from successful reference resolution and the hierarchical structure of modification explain subjectivity-based ordering preferences (Simonicˇ, 2018; Franke et al., 2019; Scon- tras et al., 2019). In cases of restrictive modification, adjectives that compose with the nominal later will classify a smaller set of potential referents (e.g., the set of boxes vs. the set of blue boxes). To avoid alignment errors where a listener might mis-characterize the intended referent, speakers introduce the more error-prone (i.e., more subjective) adjectives later in the hierarchical construction of nominal structure; the structure linearizes such that subjectivity decreases the closer you get to the modified noun. The current study explores the predictions of this reference-resolution story by examining adjective ordering cross-linguistically: when adjectives incrementally restrict a nominal denotation, there should be pressure toward subjectivity- based orderings, but, in the absence of incremental restriction, such pressures should not obtain.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 2 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Weighted Khovanov-Lauda-Rouquier algebras
Creators: name: Webster, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we define a generalization of Khovanov-Lauda-Rouquier algebras which we call weighted Khovanov-Lauda-Rouquier algebras. We show that these algebras carry many of the same structures as the original Khovanov-Lauda-Rouquier algebras, including induction and restriction functors which induce a twisted biaglebra structure on their Grothendieck groups. We also define natural quotients of these algebras, which in an important special case carry a categorical action of an associated Lie algebra. Special cases of these include the algebras categorifying tensor products and Fock spaces defined by the author and Stroppel in past work. For symmetric Cartan matrices, weighted KLR algebras also have a natural gometric interpretation as convolution algebras, generalizing that for the original KLR algebras by Varagnolo and Vasserot; this result has positivity consequences important in the theory of crystal bases. In this case, we can also relate the Grothendieck group and its bialgebra structure to the Hall algebra of the associated quiver.
description: 37 pages; v4: edits in response to referee report. Biggest change is characteristic 0 assumption in Section 4
Modalizing commitment space semantics
Creators: name: Schmitt, Marvin
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: This article discusses short-comings of commitment space semantics as introduced in Krifka (2015) with respect to assertions, confirmations, and contradictions. It proposes to transform commitment space semantics to a modal logical framework which allows not only for an elegant solution of these issues, but also for the accommodation of other phenomena central to any comprehensive model of human communication (this really being the main point behind going modal).
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 2 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Suppressing qubit dephasing using real-time Hamiltonian estimation
Creators: name: Shulman, Michael D.
name: Harvey, Shannon P.
name: Nichol, John M.
name: Bartlett, Stephen D.
name: Doherty, Andrew C.
name: Umansky, Vladimir
name: Yacoby, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unwanted interaction between a quantum system and its fluctuating environment leads to decoherence and is the primary obstacle to establishing a scalable quantum information processing architecture. Strategies such as environmental and materials engineering, quantum error correction and dynamical decoupling can mitigate decoherence, but generally increase experimental complexity. Here we improve coherence in a qubit using real-time Hamiltonian parameter estimation. Using a rapidly converging Bayesian approach, we precisely measure the splitting in a singlet-triplet spin qubit faster than the surrounding nuclear bath fluctuates. We continuously adjust qubit control parameters based on this information, thereby improving the inhomogenously broadened coherence time ($T_{2}^{*}$) from tens of nanoseconds to above 2 $μ$s and demonstrating the effectiveness of Hamiltonian estimation in reducing the effects of correlated noise in quantum systems. Because the technique demonstrated here is compatible with arbitrary qubit operations, it is a natural complement to quantum error correction and can be used to improve the performance of a wide variety of qubits in both metrological and quantum-information-processing applications.