cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Linear perturbations of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black holes
Creators: name: Langlois, David
name: Noui, Karim
name: Roussille, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study linear perturbations about non rotating black hole solutions in scalar-tensor theories, more specifically Horndeski theories. We consider two particular theories that admit known hairy black hole solutions. The first one, Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory, contains a Gauss-Bonnet term coupled to a scalar field, and its black hole solution is given as a perturbative expansion in a small parameter that measures the deviation from general relativity. The second one, known as 4-dimensional-Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory, can be seen as a compactification of higher-dimensional Lovelock theories and admits an exact black hole solution. We study both axial and polar perturbations about these solutions and write their equations of motion as a first-order (radial) system of differential equations, which enables us to study the asymptotic behaviours of the perturbations at infinity and at the horizon following an algorithm we developed recently. For the axial perturbations, we also obtain effective Schrödinger-like equations with explicit expressions for the potentials and the propagation speeds. We see that while the Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet solution has well-behaved perturbations, the solution of the 4-dimensional-Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory exhibits unusual asymptotic behaviour of its perturbations near its horizon and at infinity, which makes the definition of ingoing and outgoing modes impossible. This indicates that the dynamics of these perturbations strongly differs from the general relativity case and seems pathological.
description: Version accepted in JCAP
Influence of usage patterns on ecoefficiency of battery storage systems for electromobility and home storage
Creators: name: May, Johanna F.
name: Kanz, Olga
name: Schürheck, Philip
name: Fuge, Niklas
name: Waffenschmidt, Eberhard
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: 600 Technik, Technologie
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: electromobility
subject: second use
subject: battery electric vehicle
subject: electricity mix
subject: user behavior

description: This publication investigates the eco-efficiency of a battery electric vehicle (BEV) in comparison to an internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV). The focus is on global warming potential, based on greenhouse gas emissions. For both vehicle types SMART cars are used, such that structurally identical vehicle types are compared. All three phases of lifespan are considered: production, operation and recycling. During operation different sources of electricity are investigated. This includes using renewable energy generation timely matched to the typical charging behavior. As the main finding, the operation phase dominates the emission of greenhouse gases for all usage patterns of the German 2017-2026 electricity mix: Even for non optimal charging behavior the BEV generates only 67 % of the emissions of the ICEV for commuting 39 km daily. On the other hand, manufacturing the BEV requires about 1.8 times as many emissions as producing the ICEV. However, even without possible recycling bonus, the ICEV production amounts to 10 %, and, when charging with the German electricity mix 2017-2026, BEV production only contributes to 27 % of the cradle to grave emissions. Thus, total emissions sum up to 16.1 t CO2 equivalent for the BEV and 22.3 t CO2 equivalent for the ICEV. Further reductions of the BEV’s emissions ranging from 1.7 to 12.2 t CO2 equivalent are achieved by optimized charging times, greener electricity mix or prolonged use of the aged battery in either the BEV or second use in home storage. This demonstrates that battery electric vehicles already today contribute significantly less to greenhouse gas emission than conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.
Disability, substance abuse and public disability benefits
Creators: name: Brucker, Debra L.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: The public disability benefit system in the United States (US) currently does not award disability benefits to persons who have a primary diagnosis of substance abuse. A qualitative analysis examines the national disability systems of ten countries - Australia, Canada, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, South Africa, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the US - and determines that the US system is the only system having this limitation. Quantitative research methods are used to more fully understand the prevalence of substance abuse within the US disability benefit system and to examine the relationships among benefit receipt, substance abuse, participation in substance abuse treatment, and employment in the US. Using data from the 2002 and 2003 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, the results demonstrate that some types of substance use disorders are more likely among certain disability beneficiaries and that disability beneficiaries who have substance use disorders are more likely to access treatment than persons with substance use disorders who are not beneficiaries. Results could not confirm, however, that those beneficiaries who access treatment are more likely to return to employment than those who do not access treatment.
Is There an Earth-like Planet in the Distant Kuiper Belt?
Creators: name: Lykawka, Patryk Sofia
name: Ito, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbits of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) can indicate the existence of an undiscovered planet in the outer solar system. Here, we used N-body computer simulations to investigate the effects of a hypothetical Kuiper Belt planet (KBP) on the orbital structure of TNOs in the distant Kuiper Belt beyond ~50 au. We used observations to constrain model results, including the well-characterized Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS). We determined that an Earth-like planet (m ~ 1.5-3 Earth masses) located on a distant (semimajor axis a ~ 250-500 au, perihelion q ~ 200 au) and inclined (i ~ 30 deg) orbit can explain three fundamental properties of the distant Kuiper Belt: a prominent population of TNOs with orbits beyond Neptune's gravitational influence (i.e., detached objects with q > 40 au), a significant population of high-i objects (i > 45 deg), and the existence of some extreme objects with peculiar orbits (e.g., Sedna). Furthermore, the proposed KBP is compatible with the existence of identified Gyr-stable TNOs in the 2:1, 5:2, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, and 6:1 Neptunian mean motion resonances. These stable populations are often neglected in other studies. We predict the existence of an Earth-like planet and several TNOs on peculiar orbits in the outer solar system, which can serve as observationally testable signatures of the putative planet's perturbations.
description: This is the Accepted Manuscript version of an article accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. This Accepted Manuscript is published under a CC BY licence. The Version of Record is available online at https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aceaf0
Shaping contactless forces through anomalous acoustic scattering
Creators: name: Stein, Matthew
name: Keller, Sam
name: Luo, Yujie
name: Ilic, Ognjen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Waves impart momentum and exert force on obstacles in their path. The transfer of wave momentum is a fundamental mechanism for contactless manipulation, yet the rules of conventional scattering intrinsically limit the radiation force based on the shape and the size of the manipulated object. Here, we show that this intrinsic limit can be overcome for acoustic waves with subwavelength-structured metasurfaces, where the force becomes controllable by the arrangement of surface features, independent of the object's overall shape and size. Harnessing such anomalous metasurface scattering, we demonstrate complex actuation phenomena: self-guidance, where a metasurface object is autonomously guided by an acoustic wave, and contactless pulling, where a metasurface object is pulled by the wave. Our results show that bringing metasurface physics, and its full arsenal of tools, to the domain of mechanical manipulation opens the door to diverse actuation mechanisms that are beyond the limits of traditional wave-matter interactions.
Osteopontin and cell adhesion: role of post-translational modifications and the C-terminal region
Creators: name: Kazanecki, Christian Charles
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: Osteopontin (OPN) is an integrin-binding secreted phosphoglycoprotein found in many tissues and body fluids, where it acts as both a soluble cytokine and a component of mineralized matrices. It exhibits a broad range of functional activities in physiological and pathological processes, many of which are influenced by post-translational modifications. OPN is highly modified by phosphorylation and glycosylation that can vary depending on the source. This study identified two different forms of OPN produced by murine ras-transformed fibroblasts (FbOPN) and differentiating osteoblasts (ObOPN) based on the reactivity of a panel of anti-OPN monoclonal antibodies. By enzymatic dephosphorylation, mass, and sequence analyses, it was shown that FbOPN contained approximately four phosphate groups distributed over 17 potential phosphorylation sites, whereas ObOPN contained approximately 21 phosphate groups distributed over 27 sites. This is the first extensive characterization of OPN produced by transformed cells, and the FbOPN form is the least modified form of OPN that has been characterized to date. The forms of OPN also differed in their ability to support adhesion of human MDA-MB-435 tumor cells and mouse 275-3-2 ras-transformed fibroblasts. The MDA-MB-435 cells bound with approximately 60% greater efficiency to the FbOPN than ObOPN, whereas the 275-3-2 cells bound the ObOPN with 35% greater efficiency than FbOPN. Inhibition of adhesion with an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing peptide inhibited the binding of both lines to the OPN forms, suggesting that different integrins preferentially bind to OPN based upon its phosphorylation state.This study has also identified a potential role for a novel region of OPN in cell adhesion. Two anti-osteopontin monoclonal antibodies, both of which recognize the C-terminal region of OPN, were shown to inhibit MDA-MB-435 cell adhesion to recombinant human OPN. Synthetic peptides corresponding to this region were bound by cells using a flow cytometry assay, suggesting a receptor interaction in this region of OPN. This interaction is hypothesized to be a signaling interaction because cells were not able to adhere to the synthetic C-terminal peptides and adhesion in the presence of these soluble peptides was not affected.
The NLRP3 inflammasome: molecular activation and regulation to therapeutics
Creators: name: Swanson, K.V.
name: Ting, J.P.-Y.
name: Deng, M.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2019

description: NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) is an intracellular sensor that detects a broad range of microbial motifs, endogenous danger signals and environmental irritants, resulting in the formation and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome leads to caspase 1-dependent release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, as well as to gasdermin D-mediated pyroptotic cell death. Recent studies have revealed new regulators of the NLRP3 inflammasome, including new interacting or regulatory proteins, metabolic pathways and a regulatory mitochondrial hub. In this Review, we present the molecular, cell biological and biochemical bases of NLRP3 activation and regulation and describe how this mechanistic understanding is leading to potential therapeutics that target the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Characterisation of HOIP RBR E3 ligase conformational dynamics using integrative modelling
Creators: name: Kausas, Marius
name: Esposito, Diego
name: Rittinger, Katrin
name: Fraternali, Franca
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry & Proteomics
subject: Signalling & Oncogenes
subject: Structural Biology & Biophysics
subject: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
subject: Infectious Disease
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Multidomain proteins composed of individual domains connected by flexible linkers pose a challenge for structural studies due to their intrinsic conformational dynamics. Integrated modelling approaches provide a means to characterise protein flexibility by combining experimental measurements with molecular simulations. In this study, we characterise the conformational dynamics of the catalytic RBR domain of the E3 ubiquitin ligase HOIP, which regulates immune and inflammatory signalling pathways. Specifically, we combine small angle X-ray scattering experiments and molecular dynamics simulations to generate weighted conformational ensembles of the HOIP RBR domain using two different approaches based on maximum parsimony and maximum entropy principles. Both methods provide optimised ensembles that are instrumental in rationalising observed differences between SAXS-based solution studies and available crystal structures and highlight the importance of interdomain linker flexibility.
NLRX1 inhibits the early stages of CNS inflammation and prevents the onset of spontaneous autoimmunity
Creators: name: Denault, J.-B.
name: Blais, V.
name: Gendron, L.
name: Ilangumaran, S.
name: Vilariño-Güell, C.
name: Simard, C.
name: Mahmoud, S.
name: Ting, J.P.
name: Lamontagne, A.
name: Yamamoto, K.
name: Bobbala, D.
name: Calabresi, P.A.
name: Dessa Sadovnick, A.
name: Smith, M.D.
name: Amrani, A.
name: Gharagozloo, M.
name: Jarjoura, S.
name: Gris, D.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2019

description: Nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat containing X1 (NLRX1) is a mitochondria-located innate immune sensor that inhibits major pro-inflammatory pathways such as type I interferon and nuclear factor-κB signaling. We generated a novel, spontaneous, and rapidly progressing mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS) by crossing myelin-specific T-cell receptor (TCR) transgenic mice with Nlrx1−/− mice. About half of the resulting progeny developed spontaneous experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (spEAE), which was associated with severe demyelination and inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). Using lymphocyte-deficient mice and a series of adoptive transfer experiments, we demonstrate that genetic susceptibility to EAE lies within the innate immune compartment. We show that NLRX1 inhibits the subclinical stages of microglial activation and prevents the generation of neurotoxic astrocytes that induce neuronal and oligodendrocyte death in vitro. Moreover, we discovered several mutations within NLRX1 that run in MS-affected families. In summary, our findings highlight the importance of NLRX1 in controlling the early stages of CNS inflammation and preventing the onset of spontaneous autoimmunity.
Dynamical characterization of galaxies up to $z \sim 7$
Creators: name: Rizzo, F.
name: Kohandel, M.
name: Pallottini, A.
name: Zanella, A.
name: Ferrara, A.
name: Vallini, L.
name: Toft, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characterization of the dynamical state of galaxies up to z~7 is crucial for constraining the mechanisms driving the mass assembly in the early Universe. However, it is unclear whether the data quality of current and future observations is sufficient to perform a solid dynamical analysis. This paper defines the angular resolution and S/N required for a robust characterization of the dynamical state of galaxies up to the EoR. The final aim is to help design spatially-resolved surveys targeting emission lines of primeval galaxies. We investigate the [CII]-158um emission from z~6-7 LBGs from the SERRA cosmological simulation, covering a range of dynamical states: from disks to major mergers. We create ALMA mock observations with various data quality and apply the kinematic classification methods used in the literature. These tests allow us to quantify the performances of such methods as a function of angular resolution and S/N. We find that barely-resolved observations do not allow the correct dynamical characterization of a galaxy, resulting in the misclassification of all disks in our sample. However, even when using spatially-resolved observations with data quality typical of high-z galaxies, the standard kinematic classification methods, based on the analysis of the moment maps, fail to distinguish a merger from a disk. The high angular resolution and S/N needed to apply these standard methods successfully can be achieved with current data only for a handful of bright galaxies. We propose a new classification method, called PVsplit, that quantifies the asymmetries and morphological features in position-velocity diagrams using three empirical parameters. We test PVsplit on our mock data concluding that it can predict whether a galaxy is a disk or a merger provided that S/N $\gtrsim10$, and the major axis is covered by $\gtrsim3$ independent resolution elements.
description: Submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics (A&A) Journal. Comments are welcome
RETHINKING INCLUSIVENESS OF NIGERIAN YOUTHS IN POLITICS AND NATION BUILDING: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Creators: name: Adeniyi, Wasiu Adeowu
name: Dr. Bankole, Mutalib, Adeowu
name: Azeezat, Adedayo Adeowu
Publisher: name: SADI Journal
Year: 2024
Subjects: Youth, political inclusiveness, nation building, opportunities, challenges

description: Youth inclusiveness in politics and nation-building is essential for sustainable development, democratic governance, and social cohesion. As agents of change, young people possess the energy, creativity, and innovation necessary to address contemporary social challenges. However, despite their potential, youth often face significant barriers to participation, such as economic disenfranchisement, inadequate civic education, cultural biases, and exclusionary political systems. This study explores the role of youth in politics and nation-building by examining past efforts to enhance their involvement and identifying strategies to overcome existing barriers. The study highlights the importance of integrating civic education into school curricula, promoting youth entrepreneurship and economic empowerment, leveraging digital technology for engagement, and reforming political party structures to ensure inclusivity. Additionally, the study recommends the establishment of mentorship programs, the implementation of youth quotas in political institutions, and the creation of platforms for youth engagement in decision-making processes. It is believed that by adopting these strategies, society can effectively empower young people to contribute to politics and nation-building, leading to more inclusive, vibrant, and resilient national development
A Comparative Analysis of Machine-learning Models for Solar Flare Forecasting: Identifying High-performing Active Region Flare Indicators
Creators: name: Sinha, Suvadip
name: Gupta, Om
name: Singh, Vishal
name: Lekshmi, B.
name: Nandy, Dibyendu
name: Mitra, Dhrubaditya
name: Chatterjee, Saikat
name: Bhattacharya, Sourangshu
name: Chatterjee, Saptarshi
name: Srivastava, Nandita
name: Brandenburg, Axel
name: Pal, Sanchita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar flares create adverse space weather impacting space and Earth-based technologies. However, the difficulty of forecasting flares, and by extension severe space weather, is accentuated by the lack of any unique flare trigger or a single physical pathway. Studies indicate that multiple physical properties contribute to active region flare potential, compounding the challenge. Recent developments in machine learning (ML) have enabled analysis of higher-dimensional data leading to increasingly better flare forecasting techniques. However, consensus on high-performing flare predictors remains elusive. In the most comprehensive study to date, we conduct a comparative analysis of four popular ML techniques (k-nearest neighbor, logistic regression, random forest classifier, and support vector machine) by training these on magnetic parameters obtained from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) for the entirety of solar cycle 24. We demonstrate that the logistic regression and support vector machine algorithms perform extremely well in forecasting active region flaring potential. The logistic regression algorithm returns the highest true skill score of $0.967 \pm 0.018$, possibly the highest classification performance achieved with any strictly parametric study. From a comparative assessment, we establish that the magnetic properties like total current helicity, total vertical current density, total unsigned flux, R_VALUE, and total absolute twist are the top-performing flare indicators. We also introduce and analyze two new performance metrics, namely, severe and clear space weather indicators. Our analysis constrains the most successful ML algorithms and identifies physical parameters that contribute most to active region flare productivity.
Hill crossing during preheating after hilltop inflation
Creators: name: Antusch, Stefan
name: Nolde, David
name: Orani, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 'hilltop inflation', inflation takes place when the inflaton field slowly rolls from close to a maximum of its potential (i.e. the 'hilltop') towards its minimum. When the inflaton potential is associated with a phase transition, possible topological defects produced during this phase transition, such as domain walls, are efficiently diluted during inflation. It is typically assumed that they also do not reform after inflation, i.e. that the inflaton field stays on its side of the 'hill', finally performing damped oscillations around the minimum of the potential. In this paper we study the linear and the non-linear phases of preheating after hilltop inflation. We find that the fluctuations of the inflaton field during the tachyonic oscillation phase grow strong enough to allow the inflaton field to form regions in position space where it crosses 'over the top of the hill' towards the 'wrong vacuum'. We investigate the formation and behaviour of these overshooting regions using lattice simulations: Rather than durable domain walls, these regions form oscillon-like structures (i.e. localized bubbles that oscillate between the two vacua) which should be included in a careful study of preheating in hilltop inflation.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, v2 matches publication in JCAP. Animated movies of our simulations are available online at https://particlesandcosmology.unibas.ch/files/hilltop_preheating.html
The Inhibitory Innate Immune Sensor NLRP12 Maintains a Threshold against Obesity by Regulating Gut Microbiota Homeostasis
Creators: name: Petrucelli, A.
name: Guo, H.
name: Ting, J.P.-Y.
name: Sartor, R.B.
name: Netea, M.G.
name: Liu, R.
name: Montgomery, S.A.
name: Coleman, R.A.
name: Tam, J.W.
name: Young, V.B.
name: Koblansky, A.A.
name: Cooper, D.E.
name: Wilson, J.E.
name: Cheng, N.
name: Chou, W.-C.
name: Stienstra, R.
name: Chen, L.
name: Brickey, W.J.
name: Koenigsknecht, M.J.
name: Truax, A.D.
Publisher: name: Cell Press
Year: 2018

description: In addition to high-fat diet (HFD) and inactivity, inflammation and microbiota composition contribute to obesity. Inhibitory immune receptors, such as NLRP12, dampen inflammation and are important for resolving inflammation, but their role in obesity is unknown. We show that obesity in humans correlates with reduced expression of adipose tissue NLRP12. Similarly, Nlrp12 −/− mice show increased weight gain, adipose deposition, blood glucose, NF-κB/MAPK activation, and M1-macrophage polarization. Additionally, NLRP12 is required to mitigate HFD-induced inflammasome activation. Co-housing with wild-type animals, antibiotic treatment, or germ-free condition was sufficient to restrain inflammation, obesity, and insulin tolerance in Nlrp12 −/− mice, implicating the microbiota. HFD-fed Nlrp12 −/− mice display dysbiosis marked by increased obesity-associated Erysipelotrichaceae, but reduced Lachnospiraceae family and the associated enzymes required for short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) synthesis. Lachnospiraceae or SCFA administration attenuates obesity, inflammation, and dysbiosis. These findings reveal that Nlrp12 reduces HFD-induced obesity by maintaining beneficial microbiota. Truax et al. show that myeloid-expressed NLRP12 restrains high-fat-diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes by attenuating TNF, IL-6, NF-kB, MAPK, M1-macrophage polarization, and inflammasome activation in adipose tissue. This protective function of NLRP12 is microbiota dependent, and is associated with Lachnospiraceae and their metabolites, which mitigate obesity.
A quarter century of spectroscopic monitoring of the nearby M dwarf Gl 514. A super-Earth on an eccentric orbit moving in and out of the habitable zone
Creators: name: Damasso, M.
name: Perger, M.
name: Almenara, J. M.
name: Nardiello, D.
name: Pérez-Torres, M.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Hara, N. C.
name: Quirrenbach, A.
name: Bonfils, X.
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
name: Astudillo-Defru, N.
name: Hernández, J. I. González
name: Mascareño, A. Suárez
name: Amado, P. J.
name: Forveille, T.
name: Lillo-Box, J.
name: Alibert, Y.
name: Caballero, J. A.
name: Cifuentes, C.
name: Delfosse, X.
name: Figueira, P.
name: Galadí-Enríquez, D.
name: Hatzes, A. P.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Kaminski, A.
name: Mayor, M.
name: Murgas, F.
name: Montes, D.
name: Pinamonti, M.
name: Reiners, A.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Béjar, V. J. S.
name: Schweitzer, A.
name: Zechmeister, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the presence of planetary companions around the nearby (7.6 pc) and bright ($V=9$ mag) early-type M dwarf Gl 514, analysing 540 radial velocities collected over nearly 25 years with the HIRES, HARPS, and CARMENES spectrographs. The data are affected by time-correlated signals at the level of 2-3 ms$^{-1}$ due to stellar activity, that we filtered out testing three different models based on Gaussian process regression. As a sanity cross-check, we repeated the analyses using HARPS radial velocities extracted with three different algorithms. We used HIRES radial velocities and Hipparcos-Gaia astrometry to put constraints on the presence of long-period companions, and we analysed TESS photometric data. We found strong evidence that Gl 514 hosts a super-Earth on a likely eccentric orbit, residing in the conservative habitable zone for nearly $34\%$ of its orbital period. The planet Gl 514 b has minimum mass $m_b\sin i_b=5.2\pm0.9$ $M_{\rm Earth}$, orbital period $P_b=140.43\pm0.41$ days, and eccentricity $e_b=0.45^{+0.15}_{-0.14}$. No evidence for transits is found in the TESS light curve. There is no evidence for a longer period companion in the radial velocities and, based on astrometry, we can rule out a $\sim0.2$ $M_{\rm Jup}$ planet at a distance of $\sim3-10$ au, and massive giant planets/brown dwarfs out to several tens of au. We discuss the possible presence of a second low-mass companion at a shorter distance from the host than Gl 514 b. Gl 514 b represents an interesting science case to study the habitability of planets on eccentric orbits. We advocate for additional spectroscopic follow-up to get more accurate and precise planetary parameters. Further follow-up is also needed to investigate sub \ms and shorter period signals.
description: 34 pages, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Relative-clause processing in Korean adults: effects of constituent order and prosody
Creators: name: Lee, Choon-Kyu
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: In this thesis, we investigate mechanisms of sentence comprehension based on our study of adults' processing of sentences containing relative clauses (RCs) in Korean. The major issues of concern in the thesis are similarities and differences between (1) parsing in Korean and parsing in English, and between (2) Korean adults' parsing and Korean children's parsing. For the first issue, we consider our results in light of existing accounts of sentence processing in Korean and English. For the second, we discuss compare our results to studies with Korean children - particularly Clancy, Lee, and Zoh (1986), in which the authors found a garden-path effect.In our query-based comprehension study involving auditory presentation of pre-recorded stimuli, different types of RCs and distinct levels of prosody were introduced. We measured participants' accuracy levels and reaction times to infer the relative levels of difficulty of the different conditions. The independent and interacting effects of morphosyntax and prosody on rapid processing were the main focus of our study. We found a subject-gap advantage in our accuracy data, which we discuss in connection with O'Grady's (1997) structural distance hypothesis. We also found a facilitative effect of rich prosody in our accuracy data, which generalizes previous findings in ambiguity-resolution studies (e.g. Schafer and Jun, 2002; Kim and Lee, 2004).
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 and glutamate signaling in human melanoma
Creators: name: Namkoong, Jin
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: Melanoma is the most malignant form of skin cancers that originated from melanocytes, the pigment cells in the skin. Early detection is the key for increased chance of survival, since currently there is no assuring therapeutic means for late stage melanoma. Animal models have been a valuable tool to understand human disorders and to identify new therapeutic targets for the treatments of a disease including melanoma. Previously, we reported on a transgenic mouse model with predisposition to melanoma development with 100% penetrance [37]. Subsequent studies identified the aberrant expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (Grm1) in melanocytes to be critical in the onset of melanoma. Confirmation of the etiological role of Grm1 in melanoma development was demonstrated in a second transgenic mouse line with Grm1 expression under the regulation of a melanocyte-specific dopachrome tautomerase (DCT) promoter [40].Ectopic expression of GRM1 was also detected in a subset of human melanoma cell lines and biopsies, suggesting that aberrant expression of GRM1 in melanocytes may contribute to the development of human melanoma. GRM1, a seven-transmembrane domain G-protein coupled receptor, is normally expressed and functional in neuronal cells and its ligand, glutamate, is the major excitatory neurotransmitter. MAPK has been shown by many investigators to be one of the key signaling pathways in human melanoma cell proliferation [45, 55]; We also showed that MAPK signaling cascade being the downstream target of activated GRM1 [47]. Furthermore, treatment of GRM1- expressing human melanoma cells with a GRM1-antagonist leads to a suppression of cell proliferation. Human melanoma cells released elevated levels of glutamate, implying a possible autocrine loop. Treatment of human melanoma cells with a GRM1-antagonist or an inhibitor of glutamate release, Riluzole, leads to a decrease in release of glutamate and suppression of cell growth. In vivo xenografts with human melanoma cells, when treated with Riluzole, resulted in an inhibition of tumor growth/progression. Taken together, these data suggest the pivotal role of glutamate signaling in human melanoma and imply the potential of a new target for melanoma therapy.
Analytic Solution for Perturbed Keplerian Motion Under Small Acceleration Using Averaging Theory
Creators: name: Curzi, Giacomo
name: Modenini, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A novel approach is developed for analytic orbit propagation based on asymptotic expansion with respect to a small perturbative acceleration. The method improves upon existing first order asymptotic expansions by leveraging on linear systems and averaging theories. The solution starts with the linearization of Gauss planetary equations with respect to both the small perturbation and the six orbital elements. Then, an approximate solution is obtained in terms of secular and short period components. The method is tested on a low-thrust maneuver scenario consisting of a Keplerian orbit perturbed by a constant tangential acceleration, for which a solution can be obtained in terms of elliptic integrals. Results show that the positional propagation error is about one order of magnitude smaller with respect to state-of-the-art methods. The position accuracy for a LEO orbit, apart from pathological cases, is typically in the range of tens of meters for a dimensionless tangential acceleration of 1e-5 after 5 orbital periods propagation.
description: Article submitted for publication in Advances in Space Research
Ditauonium spectroscopy
Creators: name: d'Enterria, David
name: Perez-Ramos, Redamy
name: Shao, Hua-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the properties of ditauonium, an exotic atom consisting of a pair of opposite-sign $τ$ leptons bound together by the quantum electrodynamics (QED) interaction in a hydrogen-like state. The energy levels, decay modes and associated partial widths, as well as total widths and lifetimes of the ortho- and para-ditauonium states are calculated. Higher-order QED effects -- including Lamb shifts, hyperfine splitting structure, and partial decay widths corrections -- are incorporated up to approximately next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) accuracy. Beyond the dominant diphoton and difermion decays, the rates of rare decay channels -- including Dalitz, radiative, triple-photon, double-Dalitz, four-fermion, and neutrinos final states -- are determined.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures. Typos corrected
ҲУҚУҚНИ МУҲОФАЗА ҚИЛИШ ОРГАНЛАРИ ТИЗИМИДА ҚОНУН УСТУВОРЛИГИНИ АМАЛГА ОШИРИШНИНГ АХЛОҚИЙ МАСАЛАЛАРИ
Creators: name: Хужанова, Дилшода
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ахлоқ масаласи ҳозирги замон фани ва амалиётидаги энг мураккаб муаммолардан биридир. Ахлоқий талабларнинг умумий хусусиятга эга эканлиги ҳамда жамият томонидан ишлаб чиқилган ягона ахлоқий қарашнинг мавжудлигига қарамасдан, врачлар, психологлар, педагоглар, юристлар каби айрим турдаги касб эгалари учун  махсус хулқ-атвор нормалари  мавжуд.
Every woman's fear: stories of rape and Dutch identity in the Golden Age
Creators: name: Pipkin, Amanda Cathryn
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: This dissertation explores the ways literate members of the Dutch Republic deployed a discourse about rape to stimulate specific forms of Dutch national, religious, and social identification during the seventeenth century. In turn, it examines patriotic literature and art, Protestant advice, disciplinary and legal records, and Catholic guides for religious women. Understanding the centrality of the discourse of rape in the nascent Dutch Republic reveals the ways in which power is expressed in bodily terms. Through their depictions of rape, patriarchs asserted control over not only women, but also poorer men and minors, literary elites declared Dutch superiority over the Spanish, and Dutch Catholics and Protestants challenged each other's views of the ideal constitution of the new Dutch social body.Depictions of rape serve distinctly different functions in the expression of religious tensions in the post-Reformation period, the assertion of patriarchal family structure, and state-building. Catholic priests used discussions of rape as the means through which they could empower certain religious women to fight to save Catholicism in the Netherlands, by leaving their homes and spreading its teachings. This highlights a rare case in which Catholic women were not limited to institutional religious opportunities after the Council of Trent, but rather engaged in active roles outside cloister walls. Protestant patriarchs, on the other hand, denied the value of adult virginity and instead used discussions of rape to assert their power over young women and wives, implying that women of a certain age who are unprotected by fathers, husbands, and the walls of their homes were not only in great danger, but also responsible for rape should it occur. A wide variety of Protestant sources take this a step further: women are not only responsible for keeping themselves out of harm's way, but can actually be held accountable -- even legally responsible -- for raping or abducting men. In addition, it is through depictions of rape that members of the Dutch male elite asserted a national identification that downplays the importance of religious difference among the Dutch by constructing the Spanish as raping tyrants and Dutch citizens as fathers and husbands who protect women.
Sub-Poissonian and anti-bunching criteria via majorization of statistics
Creators: name: Medranda, Daniel G.
name: Luis, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use majorization and confidence intervals as a convenient tool to compare the uncertainty in photon number for different quantum light states. To this end majorization is formulated in terms of confidence intervals. As a suitable case study we apply this tool to sub- and super-Posissonian behavior and bunching and anti- bunching effects. We focus on the most significant classical and nonclassical states, such as Glauber coherent, thermal, photon number, and squeezed states. We show that majorization provides a more complete analysis that in some relevant situations contradicts the predictions of variance.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
The Innate Immune Sensor NLRC3 Acts as a Rheostat that Fine-Tunes T Cell Responses in Infection and Autoimmunity
Creators: name: Tan, X.
name: Oyama, Y.
name: Brickey, W.J.
name: Johnson, B.
name: Cook, K.D.
name: Chen, L.
name: Guo, H.
name: Ting, J.P.Y.
name: Misumi, I.
name: Rampanelli, E.
name: Uchimura, T.
name: Wilson, J.E.
name: Deng, M.
name: Whitmire, J.K.
name: Tam, J.
name: Chou, W.-C.
name: Petrucelli, A.
Publisher: name: Cell Press
Year: 2018

description: NLRC3 limits inflammatory signaling in myeloid cells, but its role in T cells has been unclear. Uchimura et al. reveal that T cell expression of Nlrc3 restricts autoimmune and virus-specific CD4 + T cell responses by attenuating T cell signaling and metabolic pathways in CD4 + T cells. © 2018 Elsevier Inc.Appropriate immune responses require a fine balance between immune activation and attenuation. NLRC3, a non-inflammasome-forming member of the NLR innate immune receptor family, attenuates inflammation in myeloid cells and proliferation in epithelial cells. T lymphocytes express the highest amounts of Nlrc3 transcript where its physiologic relevance is unknown. We show that NLRC3 attenuated interferon-γ and TNF expression by CD4 + T cells and reduced T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 cell proliferation. Nlrc3 −/− mice exhibited increased and prolonged CD4 + T cell responses to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection and worsened experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). These functions of NLRC3 were executed in a T-cell-intrinsic fashion: NLRC3 reduced K63-linked ubiquitination of TNF-receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) to limit NF-κB activation, lowered phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), and diminished glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. This study reveals an unappreciated role for NLRC3 in attenuating CD4 + T cell signaling and metabolism.
A nanoparticle-incorporated STING activator enhances antitumor immunity in PD-L1-insensitive models of triple-negative breast cancer
Creators: name: Cheng, N.
name: Ainslie, K.M.
name: Bachelder, E.M.
name: Miao, L.
name: Watkins-Schulz, R.
name: Huang, L.
name: Darr, D.B.
name: Liu, Q.
name: Ting, J.P.-Y.
name: McKinnon, K.P.
name: David, C.N.
name: Johnson, B.M.
name: Peine, K.J.
name: Yuan, H.
name: Montgomery, S.A.
name: Junkins, R.D.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2018

description: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has few therapeutic options, and alternative approaches are urgently needed. Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) is becoming an exciting target for therapeutic adjuvants. However, STING resides inside the cell, and the intracellular delivery of CDNs, such as cGAMP, is required for the optimal activation of STING. We show that liposomal nanoparticle-delivered cGAMP (cGAMP-NP) activates STING more effectively than soluble cGAMP. These particles induce innate and adaptive host immune responses to preexisting tumors in both orthotopic and genetically engineered models of basal-like TNBC. cGAMP-NPs also reduce melanoma tumor load, with limited responsivity to anti-PD-L1. Within the tumor microenvironment, cGAMP-NPs direct both mouse and human macrophages (M), reprograming from protumorigenic M2-like phenotype toward M1-like phenotype; enhance MHC and costimulatory molecule expression; reduce M2 biomarkers; increase IFN-γ-producing T cells; augment tumor apoptosis; and increase CD4+ and CD8+ T cell infiltration. Activated T cells are required for tumor suppression, as their depletion reduces antitumor activity. Importantly, cGAMP-NPs prevent the formation of secondary tumors, and a single dose is sufficient to inhibit TNBC. These data suggest that a minimal system comprised of cGAMP-NP alone is sufficient to modulate the tumor microenvironment to effectively control PD-L1-insensitive TNBC.
The Spatial Distribution of the Unidentified 2.07 \textmu m Absorption Feature on Europa and Implications for its Origin
Creators: name: Davis, M. Ryleigh
name: Brown, Michael E.
name: Trumbo, Samantha K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A weak absorption feature at 2.07 \textmu m on Europa's trailing hemisphere has been suggested to arise from radiolytic processing of an endogenic salt, possibly sourced from the interior ocean. However, if the genesis of this feature requires endogenic material to be present, one might expect to find a correlation between its spatial distribution and the recently disrupted chaos terrains. Using archived near-infrared observations from Very Large Telescope/SINFONI with a $\sim$1 nm spectral resolution and a linear spatial resolution $\sim$130 km, we examine the spatial distribution of this feature in an effort to explore this endogenic formation hypothesis. We find that while the presence of the 2.07 \textmu m feature is strongly associated with the irradiation pattern on Europa's trailing hemisphere, there is no apparent association between the presence or depth of the absorption feature and Europa's large-scale chaos terrain. This spatial distribution suggests that the formation pathway of the 2.07 \textmu m feature on Europa is independent of any endogenous salts within the recent geology. Instead, we propose that the source of this feature may simply be a product of the radiolytic sulfur cycle or arise from some unidentified parallel irradiation process. Notably, the 2.07 \textmu m absorption band is absent from the Pwyll crater ejecta blanket, suggesting that radiolytic processing has not had enough time to form the species responsible and placing a lower limit on the irradiation timescale. We are unable to find a plausible spectral match to the 2.07 \textmu m feature within the available laboratory data.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, published in PSJ
Gifts from anomalies: Exact results for Landau phase transitions in metals
Creators: name: Shi, Zhengyan Darius
name: Goldman, Hart
name: Else, Dominic V.
name: Senthil, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Fermi liquid phenomena arise naturally near critical points of Landau ordering transitions in metallic systems, where strong fluctuations of a bosonic order parameter destroy coherent quasiparticles. Despite progress in developing controlled perturbative techniques, much of the low energy physics of such metallic quantum critical points remains poorly understood. We demonstrate that exact, non-perburbative results can be obtained for both optical transport and static susceptibilities in "Hertz-Millis" theories of Fermi surfaces coupled to critical bosons. Such models possess a large emergent symmetry and anomaly structure, which we leverage to fix these quantities. In particular, we show that in the infrared limit, the boson self energy at zero wave vector, $\mathbf{q}=0$, is a constant independent of frequency, and the real part of the optical conductivity, $σ(ω)$, is purely a delta function Drude peak with no other corrections. Therefore, further frequency dependence in the boson self energy or optical conductivity can only come from irrelevant operators in a clean system. Exact relations between Fermi liquid parameters as the critical point is approached from the disordered phase are also obtained. The absence of a universal, power law frequency dependence in the boson self energy contrasts with previous perturbative calculations, and we explain the origin of this difference.
description: 44 pages + 14 pages appendices, v2(light revisions with added references)
D-JRP-PARADISE-WP3-3
Creators: name: SIMONE MARIO CACCIO'
name: Troell, Karin
name: Klotz, Christian
name: Betson, Martha
name: Scholl, Anne Mayer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cryptosporidium parvum
Giardia duodenalis
Standard Operating Procedure

description: This is a report of the OHEJP project: PARADISE, concenring the development of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for the C. parvum and G. duodenalis Multi Locus Typing Schemes (MLST)
Adaptive Conductance Control
Creators: name: Schmetterling, Raphael
name: Burghi, Thiago
name: Sepulchre, Rodolphe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Neuromodulation is central to the adaptation and robustness of animal nervous systems. This paper explores the classical paradigm of indirect adaptive control to design neuromodulatory controllers in conductance-based neuronal models. The adaptive control of maximal conductance parameters is shown to provide a methodology aligned with the central concepts of neuromodulation in physiology and of impedance control in robotics.
description: 32 pages, 8 figures, submitted to IFAC Annual Reviews in Control