cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Οπτοακουστική Μεσοσκοπία: Θέματα και Προκλήσεις διαδικασίας φιλτραρίσματος προς βελτίωση ανάλυσης και αντίθεσης
Creators: name: Κούλικας, Δημοσθένης Πέτρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: Οπτοακουστική Μεσοσκοπία
Μετασχηματισμός Κυματιδίων
Θόρυβος
Optoacoustic Mesoscopy
Wavelet Transform
Noise

description: Το οπτοακουστικό φαινόμενο, στον τομέα της ιατρικής απεικόνισης, αναφέρεται στην παραγωγή υπερήχων από ιστούς οι οποίοι έχουν ακτινοβοληθεί είτε με φωτεινή είτε με ηλεκτρομαγνητική ακτινοβολία. Τα παραγόμενα σήματα, τα οποία είναι επιδεκτικά σε πολλαπλές πηγές θορύβου, λαμβάνονται από εξειδικευμένους δέκτες και το επόμενο στάδιο, πριν την ανακατασκευή της ιατρικής εικόνας, είναι αυτό της κατάλληλης επεξεργασίας των σημάτων με σκοπό την ποιοτική βελτίωση της παραγόμενης εικόνας. Πάνω στο αντικείμενο αυτό, υπάρχει ένας μεγάλος αριθμός μεθόδων και παραλλαγών αυτών, με σκοπό την ταχύτερη και λεπτομερέστερη επεξεργασία ιατρικών -και όχι μόνο- σημάτων μέσω της αποθορυβοποίησης και απομόνωσης του χρήσιμου συχνοτικού περιεχομένου. Στα πλαίσια της συγκεκριμένης εργασίας εξετάζονται δύο βασικές κατηγορίες ανάλυσης και επεξεργασίας σημάτων (Ανάλυση Fourier και Ανάλυση Κυματιδίων) καθώς και οι αντίστοιχες μέθοδοι αποθορυβοποίησης μονοδιάστατων σημάτων, οι οποίες και εφαρμόστηκαν, με τη βοήθεια του λογισμικού Matlab και των ανάλογων βιβλιοθηκών, πάνω σε οπτοακουστικά σήματα. Τέλος, παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα των δοκιμών αυτών καθώς και οι αντίστοιχες τιμές των επιλεγμένων μετρικών εκτίμησης θορύβου και ποιότητας εικόνας, ενώ προτείνεται μία καινοτόμος μέθοδος απομόνωσης συχνοτικού περιεχομένου βασισμένη στον συνεχή μετασχηματισμό κυματιδίων (CWT), που απευθύνεται εξειδικευμένα σε οπτοακουστικά σήματα.
description: The optoacoustic effect, in the area of medical imaging, refers to the ultrasound waves emitted by tissues that are illuminated with light or EM radiation. The signals produced, that are susceptible to many sources of noise, are received from specific type of transducers and the next stage before image reconstruction is the one of appropriate signal processing in order to improve reconstructed image quality. There is a large number of methods that aim to faster and more detailed medical -and not only- signal analysis through denoising and useful frequency content isolation. In the context of this Thesis, two basic categories of signal analysis and processing are examined (Fourier Analysis and Wavelet Transformation) as well as the corresponding denoising techniques that were applied, using Matlab and relative toolboxes, on optoacoustic signals. Finally, results of the aforementioned tests, including selected noise level and image quality metric values are presented, while a novel method based on Continuous Wavelet Transform for frequency content isolation, which is dedicated on optoacoustic signals, is proposed.
Lowering the Light Speed Isotropy Limit: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Measurements
Creators: name: Gurzadyan, V. G.
name: Bocquet, J. -P.
name: Kashin, A.
name: Margarian, A.
name: Bartalini, O.
name: Bellini, V.
name: Castoldi, M.
name: D'Angelo, A.
name: Didelez, J. -P.
name: Di Salvo, R.
name: Fantini, A.
name: Gervino, G.
name: Ghio, F.
name: Girolami, B.
name: Giusa, A.
name: Guidal, M.
name: Hourany, E.
name: Knyazyan, S.
name: Kouznetsov, V.
name: Kunne, R.
name: Lapik, A.
name: Sandri, P. Levi
name: Lleres, A.
name: Mehrabyan, S.
name: Moricciani, D.
name: Nedorezov, V.
name: Perrin, C.
name: Rebreyend, D.
name: Russo, G.
name: Rudnev, N.
name: Schaerf, C.
name: Sperduto, M. -L.
name: Sutera, M. -C.
name: Turinge, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of the Compton edge of the scattered electrons in GRAAL facility in European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble with respect to the Cosmic Microwave Background dipole reveals up to 10 sigma variations larger than the statistical errors. We now show that the variations are not due to the frequency variations of the accelerator. The nature of Compton edge variations remains unclear, thus outlining the imperative of dedicated studies of light speed anisotropy.
Energy and economic life-cycle analysis of an office building
Creators: name: Hood, Innes William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis investigates the life-cycle economic and energy implications of a commercial office building, located in Vancouver, British Columbia. The work is based on the premise that the commercial building stock is designed and built to sub-optimal levels of performance. In the present context, the criteria for analyzing optimality are defined in terms of energy and monetary accounting. The building is designed in compliance with the energy efficiency code for Vancouver. The energy performance of the building is improved to achieve an energy efficient office building through the adoption of a series of design strategies. Conclusions resulting from the work are: • The operating performance of the case study building may be improved 77% through the adoption of simple, proven technologies. As a result, the life-cycle energy may be reduced 66 to 68% for building lives of 40 and 80 years, respectively. • The life-cycle embodied energy is 0.21 GJ/m2.yr and 0.16 GJ/m2.yr. for building lives of 40 and 80 years, respectively. These figures are valid for all the building configurations studied. • For a building life of 40 years, the life-cycle energy is reduced from 1.6 to 0.54 GJ/m2.yr by the cumulative adoption of energy conservation strategies. This corresponding to a 66% reduction in energy consumed. For a building life of 80 years, the life-cycle energy is reduced from 1.55 to 0.49 GJ/m2.yr by the cumulative adoption of energy conservation strategies. This corresponding to a 68% reduction. Reducing the operating energy of the case study building results in a savings with a net present value of $0,246 million and $0,253 million for building lives of 40 and 80 years, respectively. If only those strategies which are cost effective are implemented, a 60% reduction in operating energy may be achieved. The corresponding decrease in life-cycle energy is 50% and 48% for building lives of 40 and 80 years, respectively. Methodological pluralism is a central characteristic of the energy debate. Competing models and their solutions provide a number of policy alternatives based on pricing, utility sponsored DSM, and regulatory options. Al l strategies provide opportunities to reduce energy consumption, and should continue to form components of future policy initiatives.
Η θέση της γυναίκας και του δούλου στα πολιτικά του Αριστοτέλη.
Creators: name: Βελή, Αρετή Παναγιώτη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: Γυναίκα στα Πολιτικά Αριστοτέλη
Δούλος στα Πολιτικά Αριστοτέλη
Αριστοτέλης
Woman in Aristotle's politics
Slave in Aristotle's politics
Aristotle

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας, αποτελεί η θέση της γυναίκας και του δούλου στα Πολιτικά του Αριστοτέλη. Ερευνάται αρχικώς, η βίο-φυσιολογική υπόσταση της γυναίκας, ο ψυχισμός της καθώς και η διαφοροποίηση της από τον άνδρα. Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάζεται η ολική αποτίμηση των αντιλήψεων του Αριστοτέλη σε ότι αφορά την γυναίκα, στη βάση των παραπομπών του φιλοσόφου, τόσο στα βιολογικά του έργα, όσο και σε αυτά περί ηθικής και πολιτικής. Επιπροσθέτως, ένα άλλο θέμα που θίγει η εργασία στο δεύτερο μέρος της, αφορά το πρόβλημα της δουλείας, το οποίο πρώτος ο Αριστοτέλης, με συστηματικό τρόπο επιχείρησε να αναλύσει. Για τον Αριστοτέλη η δουλεία είναι θεσμός, ο οποίος δικαιολογείται από την τάξη που υπάρχει σε όλη τη φύση παντού, αυτά διακρίνονται σε ανώτερα και κατώτερα, το ανώτερο εξουσιάζει και κατευθύνει το κατώτερο. Αξίζει, επίσης, να σημειώσουμε ότι ο Αριστοτέλης θεωρεί το δούλο ως όργανο του αφέντη, με τον ίδιο τρόπο που το χέρι είναι όργανο του ανθρώπου. Συμφέρον, λοιπόν, του αφέντη είναι να μην κακομεταχειρίζεται, αλλά να ενδιαφέρεται και να φέρεται με ανθρωπιά στο δούλο.
description: The aim of this thesis, is the position of women and the slaves in the politics of aristotle. Initially, the bio-physiological status of women and their psyche is researched as well as the diversification of the man. Then the total valuation of aristotle's perceptions regarding the woman is presented, on the basis of the references of the philosopher, in his biological works, as well as in those of morality and politics. Additionally, on the second part of the thesis another issue that is raised, refers to the problem of slavery, which aristotle was the first who in a systematic way) tried to analyze it. For aristotle, slavery is an institution, which is justified by the order that exists in the entire nature, they are distinguished into supperior and inferior, in every instance the superior dominates and directs the inferior. It is noteworthy that aristotle considers the slave as an instrument of his master, in the same way that the hand is a instument. Therefore, it is in the interest of the master not mistreated, but to treat his slave with care and humanity.
Containing a pandemic: Nonpharmaceutical interventions and the "second wave"
Creators: name: Vrugt, Michael te
name: Bickmann, Jens
name: Wittkowski, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In response to the worldwide outbreak of the coronavirus disease COVID-19, a variety of nonpharmaceutical interventions such as face masks and social distancing have been implemented. A careful assessment of the effects of such containment strategies is required to avoid exceeding social and economical costs as well as a dangerous "second wave" of the pandemic. In this work, we combine a recently developed dynamical density functional theory model and an extended SIRD model with hysteresis to study effects of various measures and strategies using realistic parameters. Depending on intervention thresholds, a variety of phases with different numbers of shutdowns and deaths are found. Spatiotemporal simulations provide further insights into the dynamics of a second wave. Our results are of crucial importance for public health policy.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Near Infrared Polarization Images of the Orion Nebula
Creators: name: Tamura, M.
name: Kandori, R.
name: Kusakabe, N.
name: Nakajima, Y.
name: Hashimoto, J.
name: Nagashima, C.
name: Nagata, T.
name: Nagayama, T.
name: Kimura, H.
name: Yamamoto, T.
name: Hough, J. H.
name: Lucas, P.
name: Chrysostomou, A.
name: Bailey, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wide-field (~8' x 8') and deep near-infrared (JHKs bands) polarization images of the Orion nebulae (IRNe) around young stellar objects (YSOs), both massive and low-mass. We found the IRNe around both IRc2 and BN to be very extensive, suggesting that there might be two extended (>0.7 pc) bipolar/monopolar IRNe in these sources. We discovered at least 13 smaller-scale (~0.01-0.1 pc) IRNe around less-massive YSOs including the famous source theta^2 Ori C. We also suggest the presence of many unresolved (<690 AU) systems around low-mass YSOs and young brown dwarfs showing possible intrinsic polarizations. Wide-field infrared polarimetry is thus demonstrated to be a powerful technique in revealing IRNe and hence potential disk/outflow systems among high-mass to substellar YSOs.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. ApJ, in press
Learning in the Wild with Incremental Skeptical Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Bontempelli, Andrea
name: Teso, Stefano
name: Giunchiglia, Fausto
name: Passerini, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ability to learn from human supervision is fundamental for personal assistants and other interactive applications of AI. Two central challenges for deploying interactive learners in the wild are the unreliable nature of the supervision and the varying complexity of the prediction task. We address a simple but representative setting, incremental classification in the wild, where the supervision is noisy and the number of classes grows over time. In order to tackle this task, we propose a redesign of skeptical learning centered around Gaussian Processes (GPs). Skeptical learning is a recent interactive strategy in which, if the machine is sufficiently confident that an example is mislabeled, it asks the annotator to reconsider her feedback. In many cases, this is often enough to obtain clean supervision. Our redesign, dubbed ISGP, leverages the uncertainty estimates supplied by GPs to better allocate labeling and contradiction queries, especially in the presence of noise. Our experiments on synthetic and real-world data show that, as a result, while the original formulation of skeptical learning produces over-confident models that can fail completely in the wild, ISGP works well at varying levels of noise and as new classes are observed.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, code: https://gitlab.com/abonte/incremental-skeptical-gp
Cross-Modal Terrains: Navigating Sonic Space through Haptic Feedback
Creators: name: Isaac, Gabriella
name: Hayes, Lauren
name: Ingalls, Todd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.5

description: This paper explores the idea of using virtual textural terrains as a means of generating haptic profiles for force-feedback controllers. This approach breaks from the para-digm established within audio-haptic research over the last few decades where physical models within virtual environments are designed to transduce gesture into sonic output. We outline a method for generating multimodal terrains using basis functions, which are rendered into monochromatic visual representations for inspection. This visual terrain is traversed using a haptic controller, the NovInt Falcon, which in turn receives force information based on the grayscale value of its location in this virtual space. As the image is traversed by a performer the levels of resistance vary, and the image is realized as a physical terrain. We discuss the potential of this approach to afford engaging musical experiences for both the performer and the audience as iterated through numerous performances.
Welsh Wreck Web Research Project (North Cardigan Bay). On-line research into the wreck of the: Mary Anne
Creators: name: Perks, Graeme
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2024

description: Welsh Wreck Web Research Project unpublished report series, 1
description: The Mary Anne was a wooden barque built in Sherbrooke, N.S. in 1878 by Charles McIntosh and sold to Peter Sutherland Sen. of Liverpool. The master of the Mary Anne was Judson Newcomb from its first voyage from St Mary's, British North America to Liverpool until its loss on route from Troon with pig iron to Boston, USA in November 1879. Peter Sutherland Jun. was the managing agent of a number of other ships, no just the Mary Anne and involved in Insurance and selling timber his vessels had brought from British North America. The Board of Trade inquiry found that the cargo of 750 tons of pig iron had lowered the centre of gravity of the Mary Anne causing her to roll and labour at sea straining her, causing the leak which led to her sinking. There were a number of letters in the newspapers from the owner and master of the Mary Anne and the secretary of the local RNLI branch arguing why the vessel failed to find assistance before it sank in fine weather with no loss of life.
Topside Reconnection
Creators: name: Treumann, R. A.
name: Baumjohann, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is proposed that reconnection would be a main mechanism governing the plasma processes on auroral time scales in the topside ionosphere/high-latitude magnetosphere transition. It occurs in the downward current region between two narrow parallel closely spaced though separated downward current sheets. The field-aligned currents are carried by upward cold upper-ionospheric electrons closing the upward current in an adjacent region. This local process does primarily not affect the ambient field but generates an anomalous diffusivity.
description: 13 pages, 4 Figures
Deformation of SU(4) singlet spin-orbital state due to Hund's rule coupling
Creators: name: Onishi, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ground-state property and the excitation gap of a one-dimensional spin-orbital model with isotropic spin and anisotropic orbital exchange interactions, which represents the strong-coupling limit of a two-orbital Hubbard model including the Hund's rule coupling ($J$) at quarter filling, by using a density-matrix renormalization group method. At J=0, spin and orbital correlations coincide with each other with a peak at $q=π/2$, corresponding to the SU(4) singlet state. On the other hand, spin and orbital states change in a different way due to the Hund's rule coupling. With increasing $J$, the peak position of orbital correlation changes to $q=π$, while that of spin correlation remains at $q=π/2$. In addition, orbital dimer correlation becomes robust in comparison with spin dimer correlation, suggesting that quantum orbital fluctuation is enhanced by the Hund's rule coupling. Accordingly, a relatively large orbital gap opens in comparison with a spin gap, and the system is described by an effective spin system on the background of the orbital dimer state.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Multiple populations of Hbeta emission line stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud cluster NGC1971
Creators: name: Piatti, Andrés E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisited the young Large Magellanic Cloud star cluster NGC1971 with the aim of providing additional clues to our understanding of its observed extended Main Sequence turnoff (eMSTO), a feature common seen in young stars clusters, which was recently argued to be caused by a real age spread similar to the cluster age (~160 Myr). We combined accurate Washington and Stromgren photometry of high membership probability stars to explore the nature of such an eMSTO. From different ad hoc defined pseudo colors we found that bluer and redder stars distributed throughout the eMSTO do not show any inhomogeneities of light and heavy-element abundances. These 'blue' and 'red' stars split into two clearly different groups only when the Washington $M$ magnitudes are employed, which delimites the number of spectral features responsible for the appearance of the eMSTO. We speculate that Be stars populate the eMSTO of NGC1971 because: i) Hbeta contributes to the M passband; ii) Hbeta emissions are common features of Be stars and; iii) Washington M and T1 magnitudes show a tight correlation; the latter measuring the observed contribution of Halpha emission line in Be stars, which in turn correlates with Hbeta emissions. As far as we are aware, this is the first observational result pointing to Hbeta emissions as the origin of eMSTOs observed in young star clusters. The presence outcome will certainly open new possibilities of studying eMSTO from photometric systems with passbands centered at features commonly seen in Be stars.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Chandra and Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer Observations of z~0 Warm-Hot Gas Toward PKS 2155-304
Creators: name: Williams, Rik J.
name: Mathur, Smita
name: Nicastro, Fabrizio
name: Elvis, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X-ray bright z=0.116 quasar PKS 2155-304 is frequently observed as a Chandra calibration source, with a total of 483 ksec of Low Energy Transmission Grating (LETG) exposure time accumulated through May 2006. Highly-ionized metal absorption lines, including numerous lines at z=0 and a putative OVIII K-alpha line at z=0.055, have been reported in past Chandra studies of this source. Using all available Chandra LETG spectra and analysis techniques developed for such z=0 X-ray absorption along other sightlines, we revisit these previous detections. We detect 4 absorption lines at >3σsignificance (OVII K-alpha/beta, OVIII K-alpha, and NeIX K-alpha), with OVII K-alpha being a 7.3σdetection. The 1σranges of z=0 OVII column density and Doppler parameter are consistent with those derived for Mrk 421 and within 2σof the Mrk 279 absorption. Temperatures and densities inferred from the relative OVII and other ionic column densities are found to be consistent with either the local warm-hot intergalactic medium or a Galactic corona. Unlike the local X-ray absorbers seen in other sightlines, a link with the low- or high-velocity far-ultraviolet OVI absorption lines cannot be ruled out. The z=0.055 OVIII absorption reported by Fang et al. is seen with 3.5σconfidence in the ACIS/LETG spectrum, but no other absorption lines are found at the same redshift.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures; minor changes, accepted to ApJ
A time-domain phase diagram of metastable states in a charge ordered quantum material
Creators: name: Ravnik, Jan
name: Diego, Michele
name: Gerasimenko, Yaroslav
name: Vaskivskyi, Yevhenii
name: Vaskivskyi, Igor
name: Mertelj, Tomaz
name: Vodeb, Jaka
name: Mihailovic, Dragan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metastable self-organized electronic states in quantum materials are of fundamental importance, displaying emergent dynamical properties that may be used in new generations of sensors and memory devices. Such states are typically formed through phase transitions under non-equilibrium conditions and the final state is reached through processes that span a large range of timescales. By using time-resolved optical techniques and femtosecond-pulse-excited scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), the evolution of the metastable states in the quasi-two-dimensional dichalcogenide 1T-TaS2 is mapped out on a temporal phase diagram using the photon density and temperature as control parameters on timescales ranging from 10^(-12) to 10^3 s. The introduction of a time-domain axis in the phase diagram enables us to follow the evolution of metastable emergent states created by different phase transition mechanisms on different timescales, thus enabling comparison with theoretical predictions of the phase diagram and opening the way to understanding of the complex ordering processes in metastable materials.
On-chip coherent frequency-domain THz spectroscopy for electrical transport
Creators: name: Yoshioka, Katsumasa
name: Kumada, Norio
name: Muraki, Koji
name: Hashisaka, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a coherent frequency-domain THz spectroscopic technique on a coplanar waveguide in the ultrabroad frequency range from 200 MHz to 1.6 THz based on continuous wave (CW) laser spectroscopy. Optical beating created by mixing two frequency-tunable CW lasers is focused on photoconductive switches to generate and detect high-frequency current in a THz circuit. In contrast to time-domain spectroscopy, our frequency-domain spectroscopy enables unprecedented frequency resolution of 10 MHz without using complex building blocks of femtosecond laser optics. Furthermore, due to the coherent nature of the photomixing technique, we are able to identify the origin of multiple reflections in the time domain using the Hilbert analysis and inverse Fourier transform. These results demonstrate that the advantages of on-chip coherent frequency-domain spectroscopy, such as its broadband, frequency resolution, usability, and time-domain accessibility, provide a unique capability for measuring ultrafast electron transport in integrated THz circuits.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Up Quark Masses from Down Quark Masses
Creators: name: Masina, I.
name: Savoy, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quark and charged lepton masses and the angles and phase of the CKM mixing matrix are nicely reproduced in a model which assumes SU(3)xSU(3) flavour symmetry broken by the v.e.v.'s of fields in its bi-fundamental representation. The relations among the quark mass eigenvalues, m_u/m_c \approx m_c/m_t \approx m^2_d/m^2_s \approx m^2_s/m^2_b \approx Λ^2_{GUT}/M^2_{Pl}, follow from the broken flavour symmetry. Large tan(beta) is required which also provides the best fits to data for the obtained textures. Lepton-quark grandunification with a field that breaks both SU(5) and the flavour group correctly extends the predictions to the charged lepton masses. The seesaw extension of the model to the neutrino sector predicts a Majorana mass matrix quadratically hierarchical as compared to the neutrino Dirac mass matrix, naturally yielding large mixings and low mass hierarchy for neutrinos.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure. Published version: model improved, references added
Welsh Wreck Web Research Project (North Cardigan Bay). On-line research into the wreck of the: Mary Casson
Creators: name: Perks, Graeme
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2024

description: Welsh Wreck Web Research Project unpublished report series, 1
description: The Mary Casson was a wooden schooner of 128 tons built by Daniel Griffith in Porthmadog and launched in April 1869. The Mary Casson sailed from Portmadoc to Europe, then on to other ports in the North Sea, Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts before returning to Portmadoc. The Mary Casson was aground at St Tudwell's island in August 1876, refloated and towed to Aberystwith for repairs. The Mary Casson was lost in Spain due the incompetence of the local pilot and on his return to England at Liverpool the master, Thomas Davies made a deposition to the collector of taxes.
A tale of two superpotentials: Stability and Instability in Designer Gravity
Creators: name: Amsel, Aaron J.
name: Hertog, Thomas
name: Hollands, Stefan
name: Marolf, Donald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the stability of asymptotically anti-de Sitter gravity coupled to tachyonic scalar fields with mass at or slightly above the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound. The boundary conditions in these ``designer gravity'' theories are defined in terms of an arbitrary function W. Previous work had suggested that the energy in designer gravity is bounded below if i) W has a global minimum and ii) the scalar potential admits a superpotential P. More recently, however, certain solutions were found (numerically) to violate the proposed energy bound. We resolve the discrepancy by observing that a given scalar potential can admit two possible branches of the corresponding superpotential, P_{\pm}. When there is a P_- branch, we rigorously prove a lower bound on the energy; the P_+ branch alone is not sufficient. Our numerical investigations i) confirm this picture, ii) confirm other critical aspects of the (complicated) proofs, and iii) suggest that the existence of P_- may in fact be necessary (as well as sufficient) for the energy of a designer gravity theory to be bounded below.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures, RevTex; v2: references added; v3: corrected proof in Section V
$α$-$α$ Double Folding Cluster Potential Description of the $^{12}$C+$^{24}$Mg System
Creators: name: Karakoc, M.
name: Boztosun, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simultaneous analysis of the elastic scattering and fusion cross-section data of the $^{12}$C+$^{24}$Mg system around the Coulomb barrier and over energies by using the microscopic $α$-$α$ double folding cluster potential within the framework of the optical model and the coupled-channels formalism. The $α$-$α$ double folding cluster potential is obtained by using the $α$-cluster distribution densities of the nuclei in the usual double folding procedure. The microscopic potential results are compared with the findings of the phenomenological deep and shallow potentials. It is subsequently shown that only phenomenological deep real, microscopic nucleon-nucleon and $α$-$α$ double folding cluster potentials provide a consistent description of the angular distributions and fusion cross-section data simultaneously. The effect of the inclusion of the excited states of the target nucleus $^{24}$Mg on the fusion cross-section predictions is also determined by the coupled-channels calculations, which are shown to improve the agreement.
description: 4 pages Latex RevTex4 with 2 EPS Figures. Accepted for publications in Phys. Rev. C
Welsh Wreck Web Research Project (North Cardigan Bay). On-line research into the stranding of the: Mary Fell, Clyde, Eclipse and the possible loss of Elizabeth and Mary 1816-1817
Creators: name: Cross, Jerry
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2024

description: Welsh Wreck Web Research Project unpublished report series, 1
description: This report aims to uncover information about the stranding of Mary Fell and Clyde, two ships that were driven ashore on the North Wales coast during a North Westerly Gale on November 11th-12th in 1816. Mary Fell was on a voyage from Liverpool to Buenos Ayres and Clyde was sailing either from Saltcoats in Ayrshire or Dublin to Bideford.
WIYN Open Cluster Study. XXVI. Improved kinematic membership and spectroscopy of IC 2391
Creators: name: Platais, I.
name: Melo, C.
name: Mermilliod, J. -C.
name: Kozhurina-Platais, V.
name: Fulbright, J. P.
name: Mendez, R. A.
name: Altmann, M.
name: Sperauskas, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] Contex. Young open clusters provide important clues to the interface between the main sequence and pre-main-sequence phases of stellar evolution. The young and nearby open cluster IC 2391 is well-suited to studies of these two evolutionary phases. Aims. We establish a bona fide set of cluster members and then analyze this set in terms of binary frequency, projected rotational velocities, [Fe/H], and lithium abundance. In the wake of the Hipparcos distance controversy for the Pleiades, we compare the main-sequence fitting distance modulus to the Hipparcos mean parallax for IC 2391. Results. The proper-motion survey covers a 6 times larger sky area than the prior targeted searches for cluster members in IC 2391. A total of 66 stars are considered bona fide cluster members down to a mass equivalent to 0.5M_sun. A quarter of them have been newly identified with many in the F2-K5 spectral range, which is crucial for a main-sequence fit. We find a mean [Fe/H] value of +0.06+/-0.06, when a solar abundance of log epsilon (Fe)=7.45 is adopted. The main sequence fitting yields a distance modulus that is 0.19 mag larger than that derived from Hipparcos parallaxes; thus this offset nearly has the size of a similar offset found for the Pleiades. The Li abundance pattern is similar to the earlier findings and is typical for a 40 Myr old open cluster.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, Astronomy & Astrophysics, in press
A Particle Simulation for the Global Pulsar Magnetosphere: the Pulsar Wind linked to the Outer Gaps
Creators: name: Wada, Tomohide
name: Shibata, Shinpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soon after the discovery of radio pulsars in 1967, the pulsars are identified as strongly magnetic (typically $10^{12}$G) rapidly rotating ($\sim 10^{2}-0.1$ Hz) neutron stars. However, the mechanism of particle acceleration in the pulsar magnetosphere has been a longstanding problem. The central problem is why the rotation power manifests itself in both gamma-ray beams and a highly relativistic wind of electron-positron plasmas, which excites surrounding nebulae observed in X-ray. Here we show with a three dimensional particle simulation for the global axisymmetric magnetosphere that a steady outflow of electron-positron pairs is formed with associated pair sources, which are the gamma-ray emitting regions within the light cylinder. The magnetic field is assumed to be dipole, and to be consistent, pair creation rate is taken to be small, so that the model might be applicable to old pulsars such as Geminga. The pair sources are charge-deficient regions around the null surface, and we identify them as the outer gap. The wind mechanism is the electromagnetic induction which brings about fast azimuthal motion and eventually trans-field drift by radiation drag in close vicinity of the light cylinder and beyond. The wind causes loss of particles from the system. This maintains charge deficiency in the outer gap and pair creation. The model is thus in a steady state, balancing loss and supply of particles. Our simulation implies how the wind coexists with the gamma-ray emitting regions in the pulsar magnetosphere.
Exact solutions of a mathematical model describing competition and co-existence of different language speakers
Creators: name: Cherniha, Roman
name: Davydovych, Vasyl'
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35K57, 35C07

description: The known three-component reaction-diffusion system modeling competition and co-existence of different language speakers is under study. A modification of this system is proposed, which is examined by Lie symmetry method; furthermore exact solutions in the form of traveling fronts are constructed and their properties are identified. Plots of the traveling fronts are presented and the relevant interpretation describing the language shift occurred in Ukraine during the Soviet times is suggested.
Welsh Wreck Web Research Project (North Cardigan Bay). On-line research into the wreck of the: Matilda
Creators: name: Ortel, Michael G.
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2024

description: Welsh Wreck Web Research Project unpublished report series, 1
description: This report serves to provide a historical look into the "life" and "death" of the British brig Matilda which served primarily as a merchant vessel during the middle of the 19th Century (1842-1853).
La stele dei Megaresi caduti durante la seconda guerra persiana
Creators: name: Proietti, Giorgia
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:
The stele belongs to a funerary monument erected in the agora of Megara in honour of soldiers fallen in the Persian Wars (480-479 BC). The inscription is made of three portions of text: a prose introduction, an epigram in elegiacs, and a final prose annotation. According to the introduction, the epigram is a re-inscription, due to the initiative of the archiereus Helladius, of a post-Persian text, which time had damaged. The inscription attests to the fundamental importance of the memory of the Persian Wars both in the immediate aftermath of the war and several centuries later, when a historical document dating to nearly a millennium before was still perceived as crucial to the civic identity of Megara.

description: Axon
Assessment studies of substrate and vegetation on five past-producing mine-sites in B.C.
Creators: name: Binns, John Brailsford
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Mine reclamation is a long-term process but few long-term (> 15 years) assessment studies are carried out. Considerable effort has gone into test-plot experiments to design revegetation programs prior to termination of mine production but little is known from the results of this work of the long-term effect of competitive interactions between seeded species themselves and between seeded and immigrating native species during the progression to a natural vegetation for that site. The present study revisited and repeated benchmark scientific studies carried out at five mine-sites during the period 1973-1978. The mine-sites were Bull River mine, Coal Creek mine, Cumberland No. 4 mine, Pinchi Lake mine and Texada Iron mines. They were in different biogeoclimatic locations and at each mine, sample sites were located on different waste materials. On-site studies carried out during the 1993 field season included substrate observation and sampling, and visual observation of plant species and percent cover. Substrate samples were later analysed in the laboratory for soil nutrients. The graphical presentation of data honours the original data and is an effective way of assessing the development of substrate health and plant succession. Results show that if sufficient attention is paid to improving land-form then over a long period natural regenerative processes can accomplish remarkable results. Moisture deficiency will restrict growth to deep rooting, drought tolerant species and result in slow encroachment. This may require intensive management if erosion is likely. This type of study performed by staff with interdisciplinary training or experience can be used to make economical long-term assessments of site rehabilitation. They would not in any way replace the detailed quantitative monitoring conducted at critical phases early in the decommissioning process. However, as a complement, such studies could provide data for predicting long-term development on newer sites. In addition, they are an ecologically acceptable alternative to assessments of "productivity" on sites where rehabilitation is slow.
Glauber Monte-Carlo predictions for LHC
Creators: name: Rybczynski, Maciej
name: Broniowski, Wojciech
name: Bozek, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of various Glauber-like models we compute several correlation observables in nuclear collisions at the SPS, RHIC, and LHC energies. We analyze fluctuations of the eccentricity of the fireball created in the collision, in particular the {variable-axes} harmonic moments $ε^\ast$, as well as the fluctuations of multiplicity of charged particles. We find moderate model dependence of the scaled standard deviation $σ(ε^\ast)/ε^\ast$ on the choice of the particular Glauber model. For all considered models the values of $σ(ε^\ast)/ε^\ast$ range from $\sim$~0.5 for central collisions to $\sim$~0.3-0.4 for peripheral collisions. The results are confronted to the recent measurement of the elliptic-flow fluctuations at RHIC. We also find that the dependence of multiplicity fluctuations on the centrality of the collision is too weak to explain the measurements at the SPS energies. The magnitude of the Glauber multiplicity fluctuations increases by about 20% from the RHIC to LHC energies.
description: 7 pages, Presented at Cracow Epiphany Conference on LHC Physics, 4 - 6 January 2008, Cracow, Poland
Trattato tra Cnosso e Tilisso con mediazione di Argo
Creators: name: Carabillò, Cristina
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:

The inscription was rediscovered in the early years of the last century among the ruins of the town of Tylisos. It contains the text of an alliance agreement between the Cretan towns of Knossos and Tylisos – probably stipulated after a controversy – where Argos seems to play the mediator role; the dating oscillates between 460 and 450 BC. Particular attention has been paid to the role played by Argos in the controversy: indeed, Knossos and Tylisos would have turned to Argos with the aim of putting hostilities aside and establish peace relations because of Argos’ status of metropolis.

description: Axon
Dedica di tre magistrati locresi
Creators: name: Piccinini, Jessica
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:

This fifth-century-BC dedicatory inscription ‘to the goddess’ reports the three offerers, who were likely some local magistrates, whose names, i.e. Oinadas, Eukelados, Cheimaros, are rarely attested outside Locroi. The stone was found in the chora of the ancient polis, suggesting that it probably belonged to the rich extra moenia sanctuary of Persephone, which is well documented by ancient literary sources that refer to pillages and destruction, as well as by archaeological evidence, among which helmets and the famous pinakes.

description: Axon
Phenomenological analysis connecting proton-proton and antiproton-proton elastic scattering
Creators: name: Avila, R. F.
name: Campos, S. D.
name: Menon, M. J.
name: Montanha, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the behavior of the elastic scattering data, we introduce an almost model-independent parametrization for the imaginary part of the scattering amplitude, with the energy and momentum transfer dependences inferred on empirical basis and selected by rigorous theorems and bounds from axiomatic quantum field theory. The corresponding real part is analytically evaluated by means of dispersion relations, allowing connections between particle-particle and particle-antiparticle scattering. Simultaneous fits to proton-proton and antiproton-proton experimental data in the forward direction and also including data beyond the forward direction, lead to a predictive formalism in both energy and momentum transfer. We compare our extrapolations with predictions from some popular models and discuss the applicability of the results in the normalization of elastic rates that can be extracted from present and future accelerator experiments (Tevatron, RHIC and LHC).
description: 17 pages, 17 figures, to appear in Eur. Phys. J. C
Trattato di alleanza tra Atene e Arcadia, Acaia, Elide e Fliunte
Creators: name: Occhipinti, Egidia
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:

This paper presents and analyses the text of an alliance decree among Athens, Arcadia, Achaia, Elis and Phleious, which was signed in 362-361 BC. The text is inscribed in a stone relief. The decree established that the contracting parties were allies of the Athenians and their allies, but they were not members of the Second Athenian league. Moreover, this article discusses the relief figures.

description: Axon
Making a splash with water repellency
Creators: name: Duez, Cyril
name: Ybert, Christophe
name: Clanet, Christophe
name: Bocquet, Lyderic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A 'splash' is usually heard when a solid body enters water at large velocity. This phenomena originates from the formation of an air cavity resulting from the complex transient dynamics of the free interface during the impact. The classical picture of impacts on free surfaces relies solely on fluid inertia, arguing that surface properties and viscous effects are negligible at sufficiently large velocities. In strong contrast to this large-scale hydrodynamic viewpoint, we demonstrate in this study that the wettability of the impacting body is a key factor in determining the degree of splashing. This unexpected result is illustrated in Fig.1: a large cavity is evident for an impacting hydrophobic sphere (1.b), contrasting with the hydrophilic sphere's impact under the very same conditions (1.a). This unforeseen fact is furthermore embodied in the dependence of the threshold velocity for air entrainment on the contact angle of the impacting body, as well as on the ratio between the surface tension and fluid viscosity, thereby defining a critical capillary velocity. As a paradigm, we show that superhydrophobic impacters make a big 'splash' for any impact velocity. This novel understanding provides a new perspective for impacts on free surfaces, and reveals that modifications of the detailed nature of the surface -- involving physico-chemical aspects at the nanometric scales -- provide an efficient and versatile strategy for controlling the water entry of solid bodies at high velocity.
description: accepted for publication in Nature Physics
Decay of Charged Higgs boson in a scenario of SUSY breaking inspired neutrino mass
Creators: name: Cho, Gi-Chol
name: Kaneko, Satoru
name: Omote, Aya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In some class of supersymmetric models, small neutrino mass is given as a consequence of the supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking. Phenomenologically interesting features of this scenario are as follows: (i) the right-handed sneutrino mass could be as low as TeV scale due to the Giudice-Masiero mechanism, and (ii) a scalar trilinear interaction of Higgs-slepton-(right-handed) sneutrino could be sizable without suppression by the small neutrino Yukawa coupling. We study some phenomenological aspects of this scenario focusing on the scalar trilinear interaction. We show that the 1-loop correction by sneutrino exchange to the lightest Higgs boson mass destructively interferes with top-stop contributions in the minimal SUSY Standard Model. We find that a decay of charged Higgs boson into sneutrino and charged slepton is sizably enhanced and hence it gives rise to a distinctive signal at future collider experiments in some parameter space.
description: 12 pages, title and text modified, version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Eta meson production in nucleon-nucleon collisions within an effective Lagrangian model
Creators: name: Shyam, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the pp --> pp eta and pn --> pn eta reactions within an effective Lagrangian model for laboratory kinetic energies ranging from very close to eta meson production threshold to about 10 GeV. Production amplitudes include contributions from the mechanism of excitation, propagation and decay of N*(1535), N*(1650), and N*(1710) baryonic resonances. The initial interaction between two incoming nucleons is modeled by the exchange of pi, rho, omega and sigma mesons where the vertex parameters are taken to be the same as those used in the previous applications of this model. Parameters of the resonance vertices also have been taken from our earlier studies wherever applicable. Calculations have been done for total as well as differential eta production cross sections. To describe the data for energies closer to the production threshold final state interactions among the out-going particles have been included by means of a generalized Watson-Migdal method. Terms corresponding to the excitation of N*(1535) resonance and pion exchange process dominate the cross sections. With a single set of vertex parameters our model is able to describe the available data well on total cross sections for beam energies ranging from close to threshold to upto 10 GeV.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures, one new appendix added, discussions extended