Vulpes vulpes
Creators: name: W. Christopher Wozencraft
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Canidae
Vulpes
Vulpes vulpes

description: <i>Vulpes vulpes</i> (Linnaeus, 1758). Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:40. TYPE LOCALITY: "Europa, Asia, Africa, antrafodiens," restricted by Thomas (1911a), to " Sweden (Upsala)." DISTRIBUTION: Europe and continental Asia except the tundra; N India and peninsular Indochina; Japan; Palearctic Africa; N America as far south as Texas and New Mexico (USA), but absent in part of the Central Plains and the Arctic. Introduced to Australia; see Corbet and Hill (1980:93). STATUS: CITES - Appendix III (India) as <i>V. v. griffithi, V. v. montana,</i> and <i>V. v. pusilla (= leucopus).</i> SYNONYMS: <i>abietorum</i> Merriam, 1900; <i>acaab</i> Cabrera, 1916; <i>aegyptiacus</i> Sonnini, 1816; <i>alascensis</i> Merriam, 1900; <i>alba</i> Borkhausen, 1797; <i>algeriensis</i> Loche, 1858; <i>alopex</i> Blanford, 1881; <i>alpherakyi</i> Satunin, 1906; <i>alticola</i> Ognev, 1926; <i>anadyrensis</i> J. A. Allen, 1903; <i>anatolica</i> Thomas, 1920; <i>anubis</i> Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1833; <i>arabica</i> Thomas, 1902; <i>atlantica</i> Wagner, 1841; <i>aurantioluteus</i> Matschie, 1907; <i>bangsi</i> Merriam, 1900; <i>barbarus</i> Shaw, 1800; <i>beringiana</i> Middendorff, 1875; <i>cascadensis</i> Merriam, 1900; <i>caucasico</i> Dinnik, 1914; <i>cinera</i> Bechstein, 1801; <i>communis</i> Burnett, 1830; <i>crucigera</i> Bechstein, 1789; <i>daurica</i> Ognev, 1931; <i>deletrix</i> Bangs, 1898; <i>dolichocrania</i> Ognev, 1926; <i>dorsalis</i> Gray, 1837; <i>eckloni</i> Jacobi, 1923; <i>flavescens</i> Gray, 1843; <i>fulvus</i> Desmarest, 1820; <i>griffithii</i> Blyth, 1854; <i>harrimani</i> Merriam, 1900; <i>himalaicus</i> Ogilby, 1836; <i>hoole</i> Swinhoe, 1870; <i>huli</i> Sowerby, 1923; <i>hypomelas</i> Wagner, 1841; <i>ichnusae</i> Miller, 1907; <i>indutus</i> Miller, 1907; <i>jakutensis</i> Ognev, 1923; <i>japonica</i> Gray, 1868; <i>kamtschadensis</i> Brass, 1911; <i>karagan</i> Erxleben, 1777; <i>kenaiensis</i> Merriam, 1900; <i>kiyomasai</i> Kishida and Mori, 1929; <i>krimeamontana</i> Brauner, 1914; <i>kurdistanica</i> Satunin, 1906; <i>ladacensis</i> Matschie, 1907; <i>leucopus</i> Blyth, 1854; <i>lineatus</i> Billberg, 1827; <i>lineiventer</i> Swinhoe, 1870; <i>lutea</i> Bechstein, 1801; <i>macrourus</i> Baird, 1852; <i>melanogaster</i> Bonaparte, 1832; <i>melanotus</i> Pallas, 1811; <i>meridionalis</i> Fitzinger, 1855; <i>montana</i> Pearson, 1836; <i>necator</i> Merriam, 1900; <i>nepalensis</i> Gray, 1837; <i>nigra</i> Borkhausen, 1797; <i>nigro-argenteus</i> Nillson, 1820; <i>nigrocaudatus</i> Billberg, 1827; <i>niloticus</i> Desmarest, 1820; <i>ochroxantha</i> Ognev, 1926; <i>palaestina</i> Thomas, 1920; <i>peculiosa</i> Kishida, 1924; <i>pennsylvanicus</i> Rhoads, 1894; <i>persicus</i> Blanford, 1875; <i>pusilla</i> Blyth, 1854; <i>regalis</i> Merriam, 1900; <i>rubricosa</i> Bangs, 1898; <i>schrencki</i> Kishida, 1924; <i>silaceus</i> Miller, 1907; <i>sitkaensis</i> Brass, 1911; <i>splendens</i> Thomas, 1902; <i>splendidissima</i> Kishida, 1924; <i>stepensis</i> Brauner, 1914; <i>tobolica</i> Ognev, 1926; <i>tschiliensis</i> Matschie, 1907; <i>ussuriensis</i> Dybowski, 1922; <i>vafra</i> Bangs, 1897; <i>variagatus</i> Billberg, 1827; <i>vulgaris</i> Oken, 1816; <i>vulpecula</i> Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1833; <i>waddelli</i> Bonhote, 1906.
description: Published as part of <i>W. Christopher Wozencraft, 1993, Order Carnivora, pp. 279-348 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press</i> on page 287, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7359191
description: {"references": ["Thomas, O. 1911 a. The mammals of the tenth edition of Linnaeus; an attempt to fix the types of the genera and the exact bases and localities of the species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1911: 120 - 158.", "Corbet, G. B., and J. E. Hill. 1980. A world list of mammalian species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.", "Cabrera, A. 1916. El tipo de Philander laniger Desm. en el Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Madrid. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, 16: 514 - 517.", "Shaw, G. 1800. General zoology or systematic natural history. G. Kearsley, London, 12: 1 - 330.", "Ognev, S. I. 1931. Zveri vostochnoi Evropy i severnoi Azii: Khishchnye mlekopitayushchie [Mammals of eastern Europe and northern Asia: Carnivorous mammals]. Glavnauka, Moscow, 2: 1 - 776 (in Russian).", "Gray, J. E. 1837 [1838]. On a new species of paradoxure (Paradoxurus derbianus) with remarks on some Mammalia recently purchased by the British Museum, and characters of the new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1837: 67.", "Gray, J. E. 1843. List of the specimens of Mammalia in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, London, 216 pp.", "Desmarest, A. G. 1820, 1822. Mammalogie ou description des espece de mammiferes. Encyclopedie Methodique. Agasse, Paris, 555 pp., 66 plates.", "Sowerby, A. de C. 1923. The naturalist in Manchuria. Tientsin Press Ltd. [China], 2: xxvii + 191.", "Erxleben, J. C. P. 1777. Systema regni animalis per classes, ordines, genera, species, varietates, cum synonymia et historia animalium. Classis I. Mammalia. Weygandianis, Lipsiae, 636 pp.", "Pallas, P. S. 1811 [1831]. Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica, sistens omnium Animalium in extenso Imperio Rossico et adjacentibus maribus observatorum recensionem, domicillia, mores et descriptiones, anatomen atque icones plurimorum. [ICZN Opinion 212 -- dates of volumes: 1 &amp; 2: 1811; 3: 1814]. Petropoli, in officina Caes. acadamiae scientiarum. 3 vol. [official date of publ for vol 1 - 1811 impress], 1: 1 - 568."]}