cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parasitic nonlinearities in photon pair generation via integrated spontaneous four-wave mixing: critical problem or distraction?
Creators: name: Helt, L. G.
name: Steel, M. J.
name: Sipe, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider integrated photon pair sources based on spontaneous four-wave mixing and derive expressions for the pump powers at which various nonlinear processes become relevant for a variety of source materials and structures. These expressions serve as rules of thumb in identifying reasonable parameter regimes for the design of such sources. We demonstrate that if pump powers are kept low enough to suppress cross-phase modulation, multi-pair events as well as many other nonlinear effects are often also constrained to negligible levels.
title: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 22, Nr. 3 (1993)
Creators: name: Denkmalpflege In Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt Der Landesdenkmalpflege
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Inhalt
 Beinahe abgebrochen und jetzt Vorzeige-Baudenkmal: das mittelalterliche Bauernhaus Schulstraße 8 in Rutesheim...149-153
 Die evangelische Stadtkirche in Murrhardt. Untersuchungen zur Beurteilung der statischen Sicherheit...154-166
 Denkmalpflege um 1900 - die Translozierung eines Fachwerkhauses in Esslingen...167-173
 Kolloquium "Archäologie und Raubgräberei"...174-175
 Sondengänger und Archäologische Denkmalpflege...176-178
 Unerlaubte Grabungen - Fragen des Fundverbleibes. Zum Denkmalschutzgesetz des Landes Baden-Württemberg aus polizeilicher Sicht...179-181
 Archäologische Funde und ihr Stellenwert aus der Sicht des Münzhändlers...182-184
 Neue Wege der Luftbildauswertung...185-190
 Die Zähringer...191-192
 Kummer mit den neuen Postleitzahlen ; Abbildungsnachweis...192
 Veröffentlichungen des Landesdenkmalamtes
 Die Dienststellen des Landesdenkmalamtes
Canonical tessellations of decorated hyperbolic surfaces
Creators: name: Lutz, Carl O. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50 (Primary), 51M10, 53A35, 57K20 (Secondary)

description: A decoration of a hyperbolic surface of finite type is a choice of circle, horocycle or hypercycle about each cone-point, cusp or flare of the surface, respectively. In this article we show that a decoration induces a unique canonical tessellation and dual decomposition of the underlying surface. They are analogues of the weighted Delaunay tessellation and Voronoi decomposition in the Euclidean plane. We develop a characterisation in terms of the hyperbolic geometric equivalents of Delaunay's empty-discs and Laguerre's tangent-distance, also known as power-distance. Furthermore, the relation between the tessellations and convex hulls in Minkowski space is presented, generalising the Epstein-Penner convex hull construction. This relation allows us to extend Weeks' flip algorithm to the case of decorated finite type hyperbolic surfaces. Finally, we give a simple description of the configuration space of decorations and show that any fixed hyperbolic surface only admits a finite number of combinatorially different canonical tessellations.
description: 37 pages, 21 figures
Algebraic structures on the Cantor set
Creators: name: Reznichenko, Evgenii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Below, by space we mean a separable metrizable zero-dimensional space. It is studied when the space can be embedded in a Cantor set while maintaining the algebraic structure. Main results of the work: every space is an open retract of a Boolean precompact group; every strongly homogeneous space is rectifiable. In this case, the space can be embedded in the Cantor set with the preservation of the algebraic structure. An example of a strongly homogeneous space is constructed which do not admit the structure of a right topological group.
A five year descriptive analysis of potentially preventable hospitalisations for Ear, Nose, and Throat conditions in regional Victoria, Australia, from 2015 to 2020
Creators: name: O'Neill, Susan
name: Begg, Stephen
name: Spelten, Evelien
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 420202
subject: Disease surveillance
classificationCode: 4202
subject: Epidemiology

description: Background: Potentially preventable hospitalisations of ear, nose, and throat conditions in the Murray Primary Health Network region have been found to be higher than the state average of Victoria, Australia. This study aimed to examine the association between selected patient-level characteristics and the likelihood of residing in a Murray PHN postcode with higher than expected numbers of potentially preventable ENT hospitalisations. Methods: Unit record hospital separation data were obtained from the Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset. Postcodes were classified as having higher than expected numbers of potentially preventable hospitalisations across three subgroups of ENT using indirect standardisation techniques. Differences between patients from ‘higher than expected’ postcodes and ‘other’ postcodes with respect to the distribution of demographic and other patient characteristics were determined using chi-squared tests for each ENT subgroup. The results were confirmed by logistic regression analyses using resident of a postcode with higher than expected hospitalisations as the outcome variable. Results: Of the 169 postcodes located in the catchment area, 15 were identified as having higher than expected numbers of upper respiratory tract infection hospitalisations, 14 were identified for acute tonsillitis, and 12 were identified for otitis media. Patients from postcodes with ‘higher than expected’ hospitalisations for these conditions were more likely than others to be aged between 0 and 9 years, Indigenous, or from a culturally and linguistically diverse background. Conclusion: Further investigation of the identified postcodes is warranted to determine access to and utilisation of primary healthcare services in the management of PPH ENT conditions in the region.
Spatial Dimensions of Land Use and Environmental Change Using the Conservation Needs Inventory: Methodology and Applications
Creators: name: Heimlich, Ralph E.
name: Ogg, Clayton W.
name: Heimlich, Ralph E.
name: Ogg, Clayton W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: CNI
subject: computer mapping
subject: soil erosion
subject: soil mapping
subject: LP

description: Two computer-based methodologies which make use of the spatial information contained in the Conservation Needs Inventory (CNI) are presented and illustrated with applications to the Chowan-Pasquotank River Basin. The amount and location of land clearing and the amount and location of gross soil erosion from cropland are determined and displayed on computer-generated maps. Potential applications to river basin planning and other studies are discussed.
Energy-Resolved Femtosecond Hot Electron Dynamics in Single Plasmonic Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Pettine, Jacob
name: Maioli, Paolo
name: Vallee, Fabrice
name: Del Fatti, Natalia
name: Nesbitt, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient excitation and harvesting of hot carriers from nanoscale metals is central to many emerging photochemical, photovoltaic, and ultrafast optoelectronic applications. Yet direct experimental evidence of the relevant femtosecond dynamics in ubiquitous tens-of-nanometer gold structures remains lacking, despite the rich interplay between interfacial and internal plasmonic fields, excitation distributions, and scattering processes. To explore the effects of nanoscale structure on these dynamics, we employ a new technique for simultaneous time-, angle-, and energy-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of single plasmonic nanoparticles. Photoelectron velocity distributions reveal bulk-like ballistic hot electron transport in nanorod and nanoshell geometries, with no evidence of surface effects. Energy-resolved dynamics observed in the ~1-2 eV range and extrapolated to lower energies via kinetic Boltzmann theory provide the first direct measurements of hot carrier lifetimes within nanoscale gold. Remarkably, we find that particles with dimensions as small as 10 nm serve as exemplary platforms for studying intrinsic metal dynamics.
H-loop Histidine Catalyzes ATP Hydrolysis in the E. coli ABC-Transporter HlyB
Creators: name: Zhou, Yan
name: Ojeda-May, Pedro
name: Pu, Jingzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporters form a family of molecular motor proteins that couple ATP hydrolysis to substrate translocation across cell membranes. Each nucleotide binding domain of ABC-transporters contains a highly conserved H-loop Histidine residue, whose precise mechanistic role to motor functions has remained elusive. By using combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical calculations, we showed that the conserved H-loop residue H662 in E. coli HlyB, a bacterial ABC transporter, can act first as a general acid and then as a general base to facilitate proton transfers in ATP hydrolysis. Without the assistance of H662, direct proton transfer from the lytic water to ATP results in a greatly elevated barrier height. Our findings suggest that the essential function of the H-loop residue H662 is to provide a "chemical linchpin" that shuttles protons between reactants through a relay mechanism, thereby catalyzing ATP hydrolysis in HlyB.
Calling for a feminist revolt to decolonise data and algorithms in the age of Datification
Creators: name: Vargas-Solar, Genoveva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Feminist and women groups, indigenous communities and scholars in the global south/north refusing to adhere to hegemonic datafication programs have started to organise and fight back from the inside. The first essential step is to show and problematise technological progress exhibiting the poverty, violence, exclusion, and cultural erase promoted by this "progress". The second step is to promote technology, algorithmic and artificial literacy. Education is critical to learn how to revert and revoke the datified digital twin already colonising all Earth's societies silently and with impunity. It is not the colonisation of body-territories; it goes beyond and occupies humanity's mind's essence, i.e., imagination and imaginary. Against the colonisation of the imaginary, militant groups are imagining and designing alternative algorithms, datasets collection strategies and appropriation methods. The paper discusses their actions and alternative thinking.
A new nonparametric interpoint distance-based measure for assessment of clustering
Creators: name: Modak, Soumita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.3
subject: 62H30

description: A new interpoint distance-based measure is proposed to identify the optimal number of clusters present in a data set. Designed in nonparametric approach, it is independent of the distribution of given data. Interpoint distances between the data members make our cluster validity index applicable to univariate and multivariate data measured on arbitrary scales, or having observations in any dimensional space where the number of study variables can be even larger than the sample size. Our proposed criterion is compatible with any clustering algorithm, and can be used to determine the unknown number of clusters or to assess the quality of the resulting clusters for a data set. Demonstration through synthetic and real-life data establishes its superiority over the well-known clustering accuracy measures of the literature.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures
Model-Aware Contrastive Learning: Towards Escaping the Dilemmas
Creators: name: Huang, Zizheng
name: Chen, Haoxing
name: Wen, Ziqi
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Li, Huaxiong
name: Wang, Bo
name: Chen, Chunlin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contrastive learning (CL) continuously achieves significant breakthroughs across multiple domains. However, the most common InfoNCE-based methods suffer from some dilemmas, such as \textit{uniformity-tolerance dilemma} (UTD) and \textit{gradient reduction}, both of which are related to a $\mathcal{P}_{ij}$ term. It has been identified that UTD can lead to unexpected performance degradation. We argue that the fixity of temperature is to blame for UTD. To tackle this challenge, we enrich the CL loss family by presenting a Model-Aware Contrastive Learning (MACL) strategy, whose temperature is adaptive to the magnitude of alignment that reflects the basic confidence of the instance discrimination task, then enables CL loss to adjust the penalty strength for hard negatives adaptively. Regarding another dilemma, the gradient reduction issue, we derive the limits of an involved gradient scaling factor, which allows us to explain from a unified perspective why some recent approaches are effective with fewer negative samples, and summarily present a gradient reweighting to escape this dilemma. Extensive remarkable empirical results in vision, sentence, and graph modality validate our approach's general improvement for representation learning and downstream tasks.
title: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 29, Nr. 1 (2000)
Creators: name: Denkmalpflege In Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt Der Landesdenkmalpflege
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Inhalt
 Editorial
 Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg 1999...2-10
 Wandel von Landschaft und Siedlungsweise im Bodenseeraum...11-19
 Untersuchungen zur Herausbildung der hallstattzeitlichen Siedlung auf der Heuneburg...20-25
 Späte Kelten in Südwestdeutschland. Forschungen zum Siedelwesen der Spätlatenezeit zwischen Neckar und Oberer Donau...26-31
 Topografie des römischen Walheim...32-41
 Von der Antike ins Frühmittelalter...42-44
 Forschungen über alamannische Textilien...45-49
 Reparatur statt Erneuerung. Der Grüne Turm in Ravensburg...50-59
 Rätsel um ein altes Haus...60-62
 Das zentrale Fundarchiv des Archäologischen Landesmuseums. Eröffnungsansprachen...63-68
 Wohin mit den Funden? Auftrag und Anspruch eines Zentralen Fundarchivs...69-73
 ...und sonntags auf die Alb. Das Stationsgebäude des ehemaligen Honauer Bahnhofs...74
 Die Römer in Heidelberg oder: Wie entlüftet man einen Tunnel ?...75
 Kiosk mit Klo. Das ehemalige Wartehaus der Karlsruher Straßenbahn „Am Entenfang"...76
 Baden-Württembergischer Archäologiepreis 2000...77
 Ausstellung „75 Jahre Weißenhofsiedlung Stuttgart" im Jahre 2002...77
 Personalia...78-79
 Buchbesprechung zu: Michael Ruhland, Schulhausbauten im Großherzogtum Baden 1806-1918 ; Abbildungsnachweis...79-80
 Veröffentlichungen des Landesdenkmalamts Baden-Württemberg
 Die Dienststellen des Landesdenkmalamtes
Dark Matter and Gauge Coupling Unification in A Supersymmetry Model with Vector-like Matter
Creators: name: Liu, Chun
name: Lu, Jia-Shu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: WIMP dark matter and gauge coupling unification are considered in an R-parity violating MSSM with vector-like matter. Dark matter is contained in an additional vector-like SU(2)$_L$ doublet which possesses a new U(1) gauge symmetry. The Higgs fields are extended to be in a ${\bf 5\oplus \bar{5}}$ representation of SU(5). The stability of dark matter is a result of gauge symmetries, and the mass of the dark matter particle is between (1.1-1.5) TeV. Dark matter has a very small cross section with nucleis, thus the model is consistent with current dark matter direct detection experiments such as Xenon100. The model also predicts new charged and colored particles to be observed at LHC.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in JHEP
Orthographic facilitation of vocabulary learning in populations with and without hearing loss
Creators: name: Salins, Andrea
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Vocabulary acquisition is a life-long process that is known to play a crucial role in children’s communication, reading and literacy acquisition, and academic success. It is therefore not surprising that several attempts have been made to identify instructional strategies to assist with vocabulary learning. One such strategy involves the provision of spellings when introducing new words to children. Researchers have established that the presence of orthography has a facilitatory effect on learning the pronunciations and meanings of new words in school-aged children (e.g., Ricketts, Nation, & Bishop, 2007). The aim of this thesis was to investigate the implementation of the orthographic facilitation effect in children and adults learning new words. Primary school children encounter new words in classrooms every day and must learn and add these words to their mental lexicon to build vocabulary skills. Children with hearing loss face particular challenges in acquiring spoken vocabulary due to impoverished linguistic input because of hearing loss and because of weak phonological skills. Another instance of impoverished input can be the result of learning in a noisy classroom or listening environment, even when word learners are adults. In a series of experiments, novel words were paired with pictures of vintage objects and taught with or without spelling to children from different grades of primary school (Chapter 2), children with or without hearing loss (Chapter 3) and adults learning in quiet versus noisy environments (Chapter 4). Behavioural and eye tracking measures were used to assess word learning and to compare learning and retention of words taught with and without spellings. The results provide evidence for the effectiveness of this vocabulary instruction strategy in different populations. The findings are related back to earlier studies of orthographic facilitation and theoretical accounts of possible mechanisms that may underlie the orthographic facilitation effect (Chapter 5).
Initial state reconstruction on graphs
Creators: name: Khoa, Vo Anh
name: Truong, Mai Thanh Nhat
name: Hogan, Imhotep
name: Williams, Roselyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M12, 15A18, 05C50

description: The presence of noise is an intrinsic problem in acquisition processes for digital images. One way to enhance images is to combine the forward and backward diffusion equations. However, the latter problem is well known to be exponentially unstable with respect to any small perturbations on the final data. In this scenario, the final data can be regarded as a blurred image obtained from the forward process, and that image can be pixelated as a network. Therefore, we study in this work a regularization framework for the backward diffusion equation on graphs. Our aim is to construct a spectral graph-based solution based upon a cut-off projection. Stability and convergence results are provided together with some numerical experiments.
description: 12 pages, 42 figures, 2 tables
Multiple light scattering on the F = 1 - F' = 0 transition in a cold and high density 87Rb vapor
Creators: name: Balik, S.
name: Win, A. L.
name: Havey, M. D.
name: Sheremet, A. S.
name: Sokolov, I. M.
name: Kupriyanov, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an experimental study of near resonance light scattering on the $F = 1 \rightarrow F' = 0$ component of the $D_2$ line in atomic $^{87}Rb$. Experiments are performed on spatially bi-Gaussian ultracold gas samples having peak densities ranging from about $5 \cdot 10^{12} - 5 \cdot 10^{13}$ atoms/cm$^{3}$ and for a range of resonance saturation parameters and detunings from atomic resonance. Time resolution of the scattered light intensity reveals dynamics of multiple light scattering, optical pumping, and saturation effects. The experimental results in steady-state are compared qualitatively with theoretical models of the light scattering process. The steady-state line shape of the excitation spectrum is in good qualitative agreement with these models.
description: Submitted to Journal of Modern Optics, Proceedings of the 2013 Colloquium on the Physics of Quantum Electrons
title: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 34, Nr. 2 (2005)
Creators: name: Denkmalpflege In Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt Der Landesdenkmalpflege
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Inhalt
 Die Hofanlage Milz in Kressbronn- Retterschen (Bodenseekreis). Ein faszinierendes Ensemble wird durch kommunales und bürgerschaftliches Engagement erhalten und behutsam saniert...52-59
 Editorial...49-51
 Bauernhäuser auf der Reichenau brauchen. Hilfe Das Weltkulturerbe als Chance...60-66
 Die mittelalterliche Silbergrube „Marie in der Kohlbach“ bei Hohensachsen (Rhein-Neckar-Kreis)...67-71
 Landkirchen in den Ortsteilen von Schwäbisch Gmünd um 1900. Kirchenbau und -erweiterungen zwischen Historismus und „Moderne“: Materialien aus einem Band „Die Kunstdenkmäler in Baden-Württemberg“...73-87
 Kirchenausstattungen von Heinrich Dolmetsch. Vom Umgang mit Raumfassungen des späten 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhunderts...88-99
 „Alle irdischen Makel und Flecken … ins Reine gebracht“. Das Tuttlinger Krematorium...100-106
 Besondere Dachdeckungen im Main-Tauber-Kreis...107-110
 Die mittelalterliche Ortsburg „Auf dem Buck“ Bräunlingen (Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis)...111-112
 Lohn für besondere Verdienste. Ein kleines Palais am Obertorplatz in Hechingen (Zollernalbkreis)...113-114
 Neuerscheinungen...115
 Ausstellung ; Abbildungsnachweis...116
 Die Dienststellen der Landesdenkmalpflege
 Glossar der bergmännischen und mineralogischen Begriffe...72
Static and dynamical signatures of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions in the Heisenberg model on the kagome lattice
Creators: name: Ferrari, Francesco
name: Niu, Sen
name: Hasik, Juraj
name: Iqbal, Yasir
name: Poilblanc, Didier
name: Becca, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experiments on Cs$_2$Cu$_3$SnF$_{12}$ and YCu$_{3}$(OH)$_{6}$Cl$_{3}$, we consider the ${S=1/2}$ Heisenberg model on the kagome lattice with nearest-neighbor super-exchange $J$ and (out-of-plane) Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction $J_D$, which favors (in-plane) ${\bf Q}=(0,0)$ magnetic order. By using both variational Monte Carlo (based upon Gutzwiller-projected fermionic wave functions) and tensor-network approaches (built from infinite projected-entangled pair/simplex states), we show that the ground state develops a finite magnetization for $J_D/J \gtrsim 0.03 - 0.04$, while the gapless spin liquid remains stable for smaller values of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. The relatively small value of $J_D/J$ for which magnetic order sets in is particularly relevant for the interpretation of low-temperature behaviors of kagome antiferromagnets, including ZnCu$_{3}$(OH)$_{6}$Cl$_{2}$. In addition, we assess the spin dynamical structure factors and the corresponding low-energy spectrum, by using the variational Monte Carlo technique. The existence of a continuum of excitations above the magnon modes is reported within the magnetically ordered phase, similarly to what has been detected by inelastic neutron scattering on Cs$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$SnF$_{12}$.
description: 15 figures
Momelotinib: First Approval
Creators: name: Keam, Susan
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Susan J. Keam is a contracted employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to this article and are responsible for its content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability  Not applicable. Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here. Abstract Momelotinib (OJJAARA) is an oral Janus kinase 1 and 2 (JAK1/JAK2) and activin A receptor, type I (ACVR1) inhibitor that has been developed for the treatment of myelofibrosis (MF). In September 2023, momelotinib was approved in the USA for the treatment of intermediate or high-risk MF, including primary MF or secondary MF [post-polycythemia vera (PV) and post-essential thrombocythemia (ET)], in adults with anemia. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of momelotinib leading to this first approval for MF. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023
AI, Opacity, and Personal Autonomy
Creators: name: Vaassen, Bram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.1; I.2.0

description: Advancements in machine learning have fuelled the popularity of using AI decision algorithms in procedures such as bail hearings (Feller et al. 2016), medical diagnoses (Rajkomar et al. 2018; Esteva et al. 2019) and recruitment (Heilweil 2019, Van Esch et al. 2019). Academic articles (Floridi et al. 2018), policy texts (HLEG 2019), and popularizing books (O'Neill 2016, Eubanks 2018) alike warn that such algorithms tend to be _opaque_: they do not provide explanations for their outcomes. Building on a causal account of transparency and opacity as well as recent work on the value of causal explanation (Lombrozo 2011, Hitchcock 2012), I formulate a moral concern for opaque algorithms that is yet to receive a systematic treatment in the literature: when such algorithms are used in life-changing decisions, they can obstruct us from effectively shaping our lives according to our goals and preferences, thus undermining our autonomy. I argue that this concern deserves closer attention as it furnishes the call for transparency in algorithmic decision-making with both new tools and new challenges.
On Turán numbers for disconnected hypergraphs
Creators: name: Mulas, Raffaella
name: Nie, Jiaxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce the following simpler variant of the Turán problem: Given integers $n>k>r\geq 2$ and $m\geq 1$, what is the smallest integer $t$ for which there exists an $r$-uniform hypergraph with $n$ vertices, $t$ edges and $m$ connected components such that any $k$-subset of the vertex set contains at least one edge? We prove some general estimates for this quantity and for its limit, normalized by $\binom{n}{r}$, as $n\rightarrow \infty$. Moreover, we give a complete solution of the problem for the particular case when $k=5$, $r=3$ and $m\geq 2$.
Lüders Theorem for Unsharp Quantum Measurements
Creators: name: Busch, Paul
name: Singh, Javed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P15, 47B49

description: A theorem of Lüders states that an ideal measurement of a sharp discrete observable does not alter the statistics of another sharp observable if, and only if, the two observables commute. It will be shown that this statement extends to certain pairs of unsharp observables. Implications for local relativistic quantum theory will be discussed.
title: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 35, Nr. 2 (2006)
Creators: name: Denkmalpflege In Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt Der Landesdenkmalpflege
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Inhalt
 Editorial...55-56
 Massivbrückenbau im 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert. Brücken im Nordschwarzwald...57-64
 Die Herrschaftsbrücke bei Bad Teinach. Das erste weit gespannte Brückengewölbe im Königreich Württemberg...65-68
 Der römische Vicus bei Güglingen. Entdeckungen im Archiv ergänzen die aktuellen Ausgrabungen...69-77
 Die Dachwerke über Chor und Langhaus der Tübinger Stiftskirche...78-86
 Karlsruhes Nancy-Halle. Der Gartenschau ein Haus aus Zelten...87-90
 Wieder entdeckt. Das Museum „zur Aufbewahrung kirchlicher Altertümer“ im Erzbischöflichen Ordinariat Freiburg...91-98
 Maltechnik und Konservierung. Im ehemaligen Museum des Erzbischöflichen Ordinariats Freiburg...99-103
 Ulmer Münster. Mögliche Herkunft der Kalksteine am Südlichen Chorturm...104-108
 Personalia...109
 Mitteilungen...109-110
 Bücher ; Abbildungsnachweis...111
 Dienststellen der Landesdenkmalpflege
Real-Time Automated Answer Scoring
Creators: name: Nagaraj, Akash
name: Sood, Mukund
name: Srinivasa, Gowri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, the role of big data analytics has exponentially grown and is now slowly making its way into the education industry. Several attempts are being made in this sphere in order to improve the quality of education being provided to students and while many collaborations have been carried out before, automated scoring of answers has been explored to a rather limited extent. One of the biggest hurdles to choosing constructed-response assessments over multiple-choice assessments is the effort and large cost that comes with their evaluation and this is precisely the issue that this project aims to solve. The aim is to accept raw-input from the student in the form of their answer, preprocess the answer, and automatically score the answer. In addition, we have made this a real-time system that captures "snapshots" of the writer's progress with respect to the answer, allowing us to unearth trends with respect to the way a student thinks, and how the student has arrived at their final answer.
description: This paper was originally written in mid 2018
Cohomology ring of the BRST operator associated to the sum of two pure spinors
Creators: name: Mikhailov, Andrei
name: Schwarz, Albert
name: Xu, Renjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the study of the Type II superstring, it is useful to consider the BRST complex associated to the sum of two pure spinors. The cohomology of this complex is an infinite-dimensional vector space. It is also a finite-dimensional algebra over the algebra of functions of a single pure spinor. In this paper we study the multiplicative structure.
description: 5 pages
title: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 38, Nr. 1 (2009)
Creators: name: Denkmalpflege In Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt Der Landesdenkmalpflege
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Inhalt
 Editorial...1
 Heidelbergs Bedeutung?...2-3
 Heidelberga deleta. Einblicke in die archäologische Dimension der Stadtgeschichte...4-10
 Heidelberga aedificata. Einblicke in die baugeschichtliche Dimension der Stadtgeschichte...11-16
 Heidelberga imaginaria. Einblicke in die mythische Dimension der Stadtgeschichte...17-22
 Vom „nüchternen Zweckraum“ zum „mystischen Farbraum“. Die Restaurierung der Neuen Katholischen Pfarrkirche Mariä Himmelfahrt in Süßen und die „Parabelkirchen“ Otto Linders...23-29
 Große Güte, Goethe! Was wird aus dem „Weißen Ochsen“ in Ofterdingen?...30-31
 Die Stuben des ehemaligen Wirtshauses „Weißer Ochsen“ in Ofterdingen. Bestandsaufnahme und restauratorische Voruntersuchung...32-36
 Restaurierung der Konrad-Scheibe vom Konstanzer Münster...37-39
 Die alte Schule in Weinheim-Oberflockenbach, Großsachsener Str. 22 (Rhein-Neckar-Kreis)...40-41
 Neuerscheinungen...42
 Ausstellung...49
 Mitteilungen...49-50
 Personalia ; Abbildungsnachweis...51-56
 Dienststellen der Landesdenkmalpflege
 Tobias Möllmer, Das Palais Lanz in Mannheim...43
 Andreas Hauptmann und Volker Pingel (Hrsg.), Archäometrie...43-44
 Leo Schmidt, Einführung in die Denkmalpflege...45-46
 Matthias Roser, Der Stuttgarter Hauptbahnhof. Vom Kulturdenkmal zum Abrisskandidaten?...46-48
title: Additiv und reversibel – optische Retusche mit farbigen Deckgläsern. Die Restaurierung der Kirchenfenster in St. Georg, Bermatingen
Creators: name: Goerlich, Martina
name: Rahfoth, Kathrin
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 43, Nr. 3 (2014), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
title: Ein altes Wahrzeichen präsentiert sich neu. Zur Bauforschung am Turm des Rottenburger Doms St. Martin
Creators: name: Radt, Timm
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 43, Nr. 3 (2014), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
title: Wie die Eisenbahn den Schwarzwald veränderte. Die Bedeutung der Schwarzwaldbahn für Sozial-, Wirtschafts-, Technik-, Verkehrsund Tourismusgeschichte
Creators: name: Cremer, Folkhard
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 43, Nr. 3 (2014), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
FABLE: Fast Approximate Quantum Circuits for Block-Encodings
Creators: name: Camps, Daan
name: Van Beeumen, Roel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Block-encodings of matrices have become an essential element of quantum algorithms derived from the quantum singular value transformation. This includes a variety of algorithms ranging from the quantum linear systems problem to quantum walk, Hamiltonian simulation, and quantum machine learning. Many of these algorithms achieve optimal complexity in terms of black box matrix oracle queries, but so far the problem of computing quantum circuit implementations for block-encodings of matrices has been under-appreciated. In this paper we propose FABLE, a method to generate approximate quantum circuits for block-encodings of matrices in a fast manner. FABLE circuits have a simple structure and are directly formulated in terms of one- and two-qubit gates. For small and structured matrices they are feasible in the NISQ era, and the circuit parameters can be easily generated for problems up to fifteen qubits. Furthermore, we show that FABLE circuits can be compressed and sparsified. We provide a compression theorem that relates the compression threshold to the error on the block-encoding. We benchmark our method for Heisenberg and Hubbard Hamiltonians, and Laplacian operators to illustrate that they can be implemented with a reduced gate complexity without approximation error.
title: Eine von der Natur begünstigte Festung. Die Limburg bei Weilheim an der Teck, Kreis Esslingen
Creators: name: Scholz, Anke K.
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 43, Nr. 3 (2014), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Atomistic Boron-Doped Graphene Field Effect Transistors: A Route towards Unipolar Characteristics
Creators: name: Marconcini, Paolo
name: Cresti, Alessandro
name: Triozon, Francois
name: Fiori, Gianluca
name: Biel, Blanca
name: Niquet, Yann-Michel
name: Macucci, Massimo
name: Roche, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report fully quantum simulations of realistic models of boron-doped graphene-based field effect transistors, including atomistic details based on DFT calculations. We show that the self-consistent solution of the three-dimensional (3D) Poisson and Schrödinger equations with a representation in terms of a tight-binding Hamiltonian manages to accurately reproduce the DFT results for an isolated boron-doped graphene nanoribbon. Using a 3D Poisson/Schrödinger solver within the Non-Equilibrium Green's Functions (NEGF) formalism, self-consistent calculations of the gate-screened scattering potentials induced by the boron impurities have been performed, allowing the theoretical exploration of the tunability of transistor characteristics. The boron-doped graphene transistors are found to approach unipolar behavior as the boron concentration is increased, and by tuning the density of chemical dopants the electron-hole transport asymmetry can be finely adjusted. Correspondingly, the onset of a mobility gap in the device is observed. Although the computed asymmetries are not sufficient to warrant proper device operation, our results represent an initial step in the direction of improved transfer characteristics and, in particular, the developed simulation strategy is a powerful new tool for modeling doped graphene nanostructures.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, published in ACS Nano
Trading under the Proof-of-Stake Protocol -- a Continuous-Time Control Approach
Creators: name: Tang, Wenpin
name: Yao, David D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a continuous-time control approach to optimal trading in a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) blockchain, formulated as a consumption-investment problem that aims to strike the optimal balance between a participant's (or agent's) utility from holding/trading stakes and utility from consumption. We present solutions via dynamic programming and the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equations. When the utility functions are linear or convex, we derive close-form solutions and show that the bang-bang strategy is optimal (i.e., always buy or sell at full capacity). Furthermore, we bring out the explicit connection between the rate of return in trading/holding stakes and the participant's risk-adjusted valuation of the stakes. In particular, we show when a participant is risk-neutral or risk-seeking, corresponding to the risk-adjusted valuation being a martingale or a sub-martingale, the optimal strategy must be to either buy all the time, sell all the time, or first buy then sell, and with both buying and selling executed at full capacity. We also propose a risk-control version of the consumption-investment problem; and for a special case, the ''stake-parity'' problem, we show a mean-reverting strategy is optimal.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures. This paper is published by https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/mafi.12403
title: Jubiläumssäule ohne Concordia. Zu den Restaurierungsmaßnahmen auf dem Stuttgarter Schlossplatz
Creators: name: Blumer, Rolf-Dieter
name: Masen, Lisa
name: Numberger, Markus
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 43, Nr. 3 (2014), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Analytical prediction of specific spatiotemporal patterns in nonlinear oscillator networks with distance-dependent time delays
Creators: name: Budzinski, Roberto C.
name: Nguyen, Tung T.
name: Benigno, Gabriel B.
name: Doàn, Jacqueline
name: Mináč, Ján
name: Sejnowski, Terrence J.
name: Muller, Lyle E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce an analytical approach that allows predictions and mechanistic insights into the dynamics of nonlinear oscillator networks with heterogeneous time delays. We demonstrate that time delays shape the spectrum of a matrix associated to the system, leading to the emergence of waves with a preferred direction. We then create analytical predictions for the specific spatiotemporal patterns observed in individual simulations of time-delayed Kuramoto networks. This approach generalizes to systems with heterogeneous time delays at finite scales, which permits the study of spatiotemporal dynamics in a broad range of applications.
Chemical evolution during the process of proto-star formation by considering a two dimensional hydrodynamic model
Creators: name: Das, Ankan
name: Majumdar, Liton
name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
name: Chakrabarti, Sonali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chemical composition of a molecular cloud is highly sensitive to the physical properties of the cloud. In order to obtain the chemical composition around a star forming region, we carry out a two dimensional hydrodynamical simulation of the collapsing phase of a proto-star. A total variation diminishing scheme (TVD) is used to solve the set of equations governing hydrodynamics. This hydrodynamic code is capable of mimicking evolution of the physical properties during the formation of a proto-star. We couple our reasonably large gas-grain chemical network to study the chemical evolution during the collapsing phase of a proto-star. To have a realistic estimate of the abundances of bio-molecules in the interstellar medium, we include the recently calculated rate coefficients for the formation of several interstellar bio-molecules into our gas phase network. Chemical evolution is studied in detail by keeping grain at the constant temperature throughout the simulation as well as by using the temperature variation obtained from the hydrodynamical model. By considering a large gas-grain network with the sophisticated hydrodynamic model more realistic abundances are predicted. We find that the chemical composition are highly sensitive to the dynamic behavior of the collapsing cloud, specifically on the density and temperature distribution.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Optimizing superconductivity: from cuprates via nickelates to palladates
Creators: name: Kitatani, Motoharu
name: Si, Liang
name: Worm, Paul
name: Tomczak, Jan M.
name: Arita, Ryotaro
name: Held, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by cuprate and nickelate superconductors, we perform a comprehensive study of the superconducting instability in the single-band Hubbard model. We calculate the spectrum and superconducting transition temperature $T_{\rm c}$ as a function of filling and Coulomb interaction for a range of hopping parameters, using the dynamical vertex approximation. We find the sweet spot for high $T_{\rm c}$ to be at intermediate coupling, moderate Fermi surface warping, and low hole doping. Combining these results with first principles calculations, neither nickelates nor cuprates are close to this optimum within the single-band description. Instead, we identify some palladates, notably RbSr$_2$PdO$_3$ and $A^{\prime}_2$PdO$_2$Cl$_2$ ($A^{\prime}$=Ba$_{0.5}$La$_{0.5}$), to be virtually optimal, while others, such as NdPdO$_2$, are too weakly correlated.
description: 8+16 pages, 5+18 figures
title: Ingenieurstechnischer Maßanzug für ein barockes Tonnengewölbe. Zur Sanierung der ehemaligen Konstanzer Jesuitenkirche St. Konrad
Creators: name: Arnold, Alois
name: Mienhardt, Frank
name: Bauer, Reinhard
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 43, Nr. 4 (2014), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Periodic Artifact Reduction in Fourier transforms of Full Field Atomic Resolution Images
Creators: name: Hovden, Robert
name: Jiang, Yi
name: Xin, Huolin L.
name: Kourkoutis, Lena F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The discrete Fourier transform is among the most routine tools used in high-resolution scanning / transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM). However, when calculating a Fourier transform, periodic boundary conditions are imposed and sharp discontinuities between the edges of an image cause a cross patterned artifact along the reciprocal space axes. This artifact can interfere with the analysis of reciprocal lattice peaks of an atomic resolution image. Here we demonstrate that the recently developed Periodic Plus Smooth Decomposition technique provides a simple, efficient method for reliable removal of artifacts caused by edge discontinuities. In this method, edge artifacts are reduced by subtracting a smooth background that solves Poisson's equation with boundary conditions set by the image's edges. Unlike the traditional windowed Fourier transforms, Periodic Plus Smooth Decomposition maintains sharp reciprocal lattice peaks from the image's entire field of view.