Red Giants In Eclipsing Binaries As A Benchmark For Asteroseismology
Creators: name: Rawls, Meredith L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Astronomy
Eclipsing binaries
Red giants
Asteroseismology
Kepler
Stellar evolution
Stellar magnetic activity

description: Red giants with solar-like oscillations are astrophysical laboratories for probing the Milky Way. The <em>Kepler</em> Space Telescope revolutionized asteroseismology by consistently monitoring thousands of targets, including several red giants in eclipsing binaries. Binarity allows us to directly measure stellar properties independently of asteroseismology. In this dissertation, we study a subset of eight red giant eclipsing binaries observed by <em>Kepler</em> with a range of orbital periods, oscillation behavior, and stellar activity. Two of the systems do not show solar-like oscillations at all. We use a suite of modeling tools to combine photometry and spectroscopy into a comprehensive picture of each star's life. One noteworthy case is a double red giant binary. The two stars are nearly twins, but have one main set of solar-like oscillations with unusually low-amplitude, wide modes, likely due to stellar activity and modest tidal forces acting over the 171 day eccentric orbit. Mixed modes indicate the main oscillating star is on the secondary red clump (a core-He-burning star), and stellar evolution modeling supports this with a coeval history for a pair of red clump stars. The other seven systems are all red giant branch stars (shell-H-burning) with main sequence companions. The two non-oscillators have the strongest magnetic signatures and some of the strongest lifetime tidal forces with nearly-circular 20–34 day orbits. One system defies this trend with oscillations and a 19 day orbit. The four long-period systems (&gt;100 days) have oscillations, more eccentric orbits, and less stellar activity. They are all detached binaries consistent with coevolution. We find the asteroseismic scaling laws are approximately correct, but fail the most for stars that are least like the Sun by systematically overestimating both mass and radius. Strong magnetic activity and tidal effects often occur in tandem and act to suppress solar-like oscillations. These red giant binaries offer an unprecedented opportunity to test stellar physics and are important benchmarks for ensemble asteroseismology. Future asteroseismic studies should know they are excluding magnetically active stars and close binaries and be aware that asteroseismic masses and radii are both overestimated.
description: 200 pages, 65 figures, 14 tables
description: {"references": ["Aerts, C., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., &amp; Kurtz, D. W. 2010, Asteroseismology (Springer Science+Business Media B.V.)", "Alam, S., Albareti, F. D., Allende Prieto, C., et al. 2015, ApJS, 219, 12", "Allard, F., Guillot, T., Ludwig, H.-G., et al. 2003, in IAU Symposium, Vol. 211, Brown Dwarfs, ed. E. Mart \u0301\u0131n, 325", "Asplund, M., Grevesse, N., Sauval, A. J., Allende-Prieto, C., &amp; Kiselman, D. 2004, A&amp;A, 417, 751", "Asplund, M., Grevesse, N., Sauval, A. J., &amp; Scott, P. 2009, ARA&amp;A, 47, 481", "Auriere, M., Konstantinova-Antova, R., Charbonnel, C., et al. 2015, A&amp;A, 574, A90", "Avni, Y., &amp; Bahcall, J. N. 1975, ApJ, 197, 675", "Baglin, A., Auvergne, M., Barge, P., et al. 2006, in ESA Special Publication, Vol. 1306, The CoRoT Mission Pre-Launch Status - Stellar Seismology and Planet Finding, ed. M. Fridlund, A. Baglin, J. Lochard, &amp; L. Conroy, 33", "Baines, E. K., Armstrong, J. T., Schmitt, H. R., et al. 2014, ApJ, 781, 90", "Beck, P. G., Hambleton, K., Vos, J., et al. 2015, in EPJ Web of Conferences, Vol. 101, The Space Photometry Revolution - CoRoT Symposium 3, 06004", "Beck, P. G., Montalban, J., Kallinger, T., et al. 2012, Nature, 481, 55", "Beck, P. G., Hambleton, K., Vos, J., et al. 2014, A&amp;A, 564, A36", "Bedding, T. R., Mosser, B., Huber, D., et al. 2011, Nature, 471, 608", "Belkacem, K., Goupil, M. J., Dupret, M. A., et al. 2011, A&amp;A, 530, A142", "Borucki, W. J., Koch, D., Basri, G., et al. 2010, Science, 327, 977", "Bressan, A., Marigo, P., Girardi, L., et al. 2012, MNRAS, 427, 127", "Brown, T. M., Latham, D. W., Everett, M. E., &amp; Esquerdo, G. A. 2011, AJ, 142, 112", "Buchhave, L. A., Bakos, G. A., Hartman, J. D., et al. 2010, ApJ, 720, 1118", "Cannizzo, J. K., Still, M. D., Howell, S. B., Wood, M. A., &amp; Smale, A. P. 2010, ApJ, 725, 1393", "Carney, B. W., Gray, D. F., Yong, D., et al. 2008, AJ, 135, 892 Chaplin, W. J., &amp; Miglio, A. 2013, ARA&amp;A, 51, 353", "Chaplin, W. J., Kjeldsen, H., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., et al. 2011, Science, 332, 213", "Christensen-Dalsgaard, J. 2012, AN, 333, 914", "Christensen-Dalsgaard, J. 2015, MNRAS, 453, 666", "Claret, A., Hauschildt, P. H., &amp; Witte, S. 2013, A&amp;A, 552, A16", "Coelho, P. R. T. 2014, MNRAS, 440, 1027", "Corsaro, E., &amp; De Ridder, J. 2014, A&amp;A, 571, A71", "Corsaro, E., De Ridder, J., &amp; Garcia, R. A. 2015, A&amp;A, 579, A83", "Corsaro, E., Frohlich, H. E., Bonanno, A., et al. 2013, MNRAS, 430, 2313", "Cunha, M. S., Aerts, C., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., et al. 2007, A&amp;A Rev., 14, 217", "Derekas, A., Kiss, L. L., Borkovits, T., et al. 2011, Science, 332, 216", "Eaton, J. A. 1995, AJ, 109, 1797", "Frandsen, S., Lehmann, H., Hekker, S., et al. 2013, A&amp;A, 556, A138", "Frohlich, H. E., Frasca, A., Catanzaro, G., et al. 2012, A&amp;A, 543, A146", "Fuller, J., Cantiello, M., Stello, D., Garcia, R. A., &amp; Bildsten, L. 2015, Science, 350, 423", "Garcia Perez, A. E., Allende Prieto, C., Holtzman, J. A., et al. 2015, arXiv.org, arXiv:1510.07635", "Gaulme, P., Jackiewicz, J., Appourchaux, T., &amp; Mosser, B. 2014, ApJ, 785, 5 Gaulme, P., McKeever, J., Jackiewicz, J., et al. 2016, ApJ, submitted Gaulme, P., McKeever, J., Rawls, M. L., et al. 2013, ApJ, 767, 82", "Girardi, L., Bertelli, G., Bressan, A., et al. 2002, A&amp;A, 391, 195", "Goupil, M. J., Mosser, B., Marques, J. P., et al. 2013, A&amp;A, 549, A75", "Gray, D. F. 1978, SoPh, 59, 193", "Gray, D. F. 2008, The Observation and Analysis of Stellar Photospheres (Cambridge Uni- versity Press), 330", "Gullikson, K., Dodson-Robinson, S., &amp; Kraus, A. 2014, AJ, 148, 53 Harvey, J. W. 1973, SoPh, 28, 9", "Hayden, M. R., Holtzman, J. A., Bovy, J., et al. 2014, AJ, 147, 116", "Hekker, S., Debosscher, J., Huber, D., et al. 2010, ApJ, 713, L187", "Helminiak, K. G., Ukita, N., Kambe, E., &amp; Konacki, M. 2015, ApJ, 813, L25", "Hensberge, H., Ilijic, S., &amp; Torres, K. B. V. 2008, A&amp;A, 482, 1031", "Herwig, F. 2000, A&amp;A, 360, 952", "Hilditch, R. W. 2001, An Introduction to Close Binary Stars (Cambridge Univer- sity Press)", "Holtzman, J. A., Shetrone, M., Johnson, J. A., et al. 2015, AJ, 150, 148 Huber, D. 2014, arXiv:1404.7501", "Huber, D., Bedding, T. R., Stello, D., et al. 2010, ApJ, 723, 1607 Huber, D., Bedding, T. R., Stello, D., et al. 2011, ApJ, 743, 143", "Huber, D., Ireland, M. J., Bedding, T. R., et al. 2012, ApJ, 760, 32", "Huber, D., Silva Aguirre, V., Matthews, J. M., et al. 2014, ApJS, 211, 2", "Iliji \u0301c, S., Hensberge, H., Pavlovski, K., &amp; Freyhammer, L. M. 2004, in ASP Conf. Ser., Vol. 318, Spectroscopically and Spatially Resolving the Components of the Close Binary Stars, ed. R. W. Hilditch, H. Hensberge, &amp; K. Pavlovski (San Francisco, CA: ASP), 111", "Kallinger, T., Weiss, W. W., Barban, C., et al. 2010, A&amp;A, 509, A77 Kipping, D. M. 2013, MNRAS, 435, 2152", "Kirk, B., Conroy, K., Prsa, A., et al. 2016, AJ, 151, 68", "Kjeldsen, H., &amp; Bedding, T. R. 1995, A&amp;A, 293, 87", "Kopal, Z. 1969, Ap&amp;SS, 5, 360", "Magrini, L., Randich, S., Friel, E., et al. 2013, A&amp;A, 558, A38 Mandel, K., &amp; Agol, E. 2002, ApJ, 580, L171", "McKeever, J., Gaulme, P., Jackiewicz, J., et al. in prep", "Miglio, A., Chaplin, W. J., Farmer, R., et al. 2014, ApJ, 784, L3 Miglio, A., Brogaard, K., Stello, D., et al. 2012, MNRAS, 419, 2077", "Miglio, A., Chiappini, C., Morel, T., et al. 2013, in EPJ Web of Conferences, Vol. 43, 40th Li`ege International Astrophysical Colloquium - Ageing Low Mass Stars: From Red Giants to White Dwarfs, 03004", "Mosser, B., &amp; Appourchaux, T. 2009, A&amp;A, 508, 877", "Mosser, B., Vrard, M., Belkacem, K., Deheuvels, S., &amp; Goupil, M. J. 2015, A&amp;A, 584, A50", "Mosser, B., Belkacem, K., Goupil, M. J., et al. 2011, A&amp;A, 525, L9", "Mosser, B., Goupil, M. J., Belkacem, K., et al. 2012, A&amp;A, 540, A143", "Mosser, B., Michel, E., Belkacem, K., et al. 2013, A&amp;A, 550, A126", "Mosser, B., Benomar, O., Belkacem, K., et al. 2014, A&amp;A, 572, L5", "Ness, M., Hogg, D. W., Rix, H. W., Ho, A. Y. Q., &amp; Zasowski, G. 2015, ApJ, 808, 16", "Ogilvie, G. I. 2014, ARA&amp;A, 52, 171", "Orosz, J. A., &amp; Hauschildt, P. H. 2000, A&amp;A, 364, 265", "Paxton, B., Bildsten, L., Dotter, A., et al. 2011, ApJS, 192, 3", "Paxton, B., Cantiello, M., Arras, P., et al. 2013, ApJS, 208, 4", "Paxton, B., Marchant, P., Schwab, J., et al. 2015, ApJS, 220, 15", "Prsa, A., Batalha, N., Slawson, R. W., et al. 2011, AJ, 141, 83", "Rawls, M. L., Gaulme, P., McKeever, J., et al. 2016, ApJ, 818, 108", "Ricker, G. R., Winn, J. N., Vanderspek, R., et al. 2014, Proc. SPIE, 9143, 914320", "Robinson, R. D., Cram, L. E., &amp; Giampapa, M. S. 1990, ApJS, 74, 891", "Robitaille, T. P., Tollerud, E. J., Greenfield, P., et al. 2013, A&amp;A, 558, A33", "Rucinski, S. M. 1992, AJ, 104, 1968", "Rucinski, S. M. 2002, AJ, 124, 1746", "Rucinski, S. M. 2015, AJ, 149, 49", "Silva Aguirre, V., Casagrande, L., Basu, S., et al. 2012, ApJ, 757, 99", "Sistla, G., &amp; Harvey, J. W. 1970, SoPh, 12, 66", "Skrutskie, M. F., Cutri, R. M., Stiening, R., et al. 2006, AJ, 131, 1163", "Slawson, R. W., Prsa, A., Welsh, W. F., et al. 2011, AJ, 142, 160", "Sneden, C. 1973, ApJ, 184, 839", "Sousa, S. G. 2014, in Determination of Atmospheric Parameters of B-, A-, F- and G-Type Stars (Berlin: Springer), 297", "Sousa, S. G., Santos, N. C., Israelian, G., Mayor, M., &amp; Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G. 2007, A&amp;A, 469, 783", "Southworth, J., Maxted, P. F. L., &amp; Smalley, B. 2005, in IAU Colloq. 196: Transits of Venus: New Views of the Solar System and Galaxy, ed. D. W. Kurtz, 361\u2013376", "Stello, D., Chaplin, W. J., Bruntt, H., et al. 2009, ApJ, 700, 1589", "Still, M., &amp; Barclay, T. 2012, ascl:1208.004", "Tassoul, M. 1980, ApJS, 43, 469", "Tayar, J., Ceillier, T., Garcia-Herna \u0301ndez, D. A., et al. 2015, ApJ, 807, 82 Ter Braak, C. J. F. 2006, Statistics and Computing, 16, 239", "Thompson, S. E., Everett, M., Mullally, F., et al. 2012, ApJ, 753, 86 Tsantaki, M., Sousa, S. G., Adibekyan, V. Z., et al. 2013, A&amp;A, 555, A150 Valcarce, A. A. R., Catelan, M., &amp; de Medeiros, J. R. 2013, A&amp;A, 553, A62 Verbunt, F., &amp; Phinney, E. S. 1995, A&amp;A, 296, 709", "White, T. R., Bedding, T. R., Stello, D., et al. 2011, ApJ, 743, 161", "Zahn, J. P. 1977, A&amp;A, 57, 383", "Zucker, S., &amp; Mazeh, T. 1994, ApJ, 420, 806"]}