cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
War-related stress exposure and mortality: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Roelfs, David
name: Shor, Eran
name: Davidson, Karina W.
name: Schwartz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: War--Psychological aspects
Mortality
Meta-analysis
Medical sciences
Epidemiology
Mental health

description: Background: Domestic and international wars continue to be pervasive in the 21st century. This study summarizes the effects of war-related stress on all-cause mortality using meta-analyses and meta-regressions.

Methods: A keyword search was performed, supplemented by extensive iterative hand-searches for observational studies of war-related stress and mortality. Two hundred and twenty mortality risk estimates from 30 studies were extracted, providing data on more than 9 million persons.

Results: The mean hazard ratio (HR) was 1.05 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98–1.13] among HRs adjusted for age and additional covariates. The mean effect for men was 1.14 (CI 1.00–1.31), and for women it was 0.92 (CI 0.66–1.28). No differences were found for various follow-up durations or for various types of war stress. Neither civilians nor military personnel had an elevated mortality risk. Those exposed to a combat zone during the Vietnam War had a slightly higher chance of death (HR 1.11; 95% CI 1.00–1.23).

Conclusions: The results show that, over all, exposure to war-stress did not increase the risk of death when studies were well controlled. Effects were small when found. This lack of substantial effect may be the result of selection processes, developed resiliency and/or institutional support.
Hoplomys J. A. Allen 1908
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Hoplomys

description: Hoplomys J. A. Allen, 1908. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 24:649. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029007000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 588, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Persistent Depressive Symptoms after Acute Coronary Syndrome Are Associated with Compromised White Matter Integrity in the Anterior Cingulate: A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Rapp, Michael A.
name: Rieckmann, Nina
name: Lessman, David A.
name: Tang, Cheuk Y.
name: Paulino, Robert
name: Burg, Matthew M.
name: Davidson, Karina W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Diffusion tensor imaging
Depression, Mental
Myocardial infarction--Psychological aspects
Medical sciences
Medicine
Mental health

description: Background: Persistent depressive symptoms after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are common and increase the risk of recurrent cardiac events and mortality. However, the neurobiological correlates of post-ACS depressive symptoms have not yet been studied. Methods: Three months after ACS, 22 patients were scanned for the presence of cerebral deep white matter changes and microstructural abnormalities in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We used the Coffey Rating Scale of deep white matter changes and measures of fractional anisotropy derived from diffusion tensor imaging. Patients also completed the Beck Depression Inventory, and the number of cardiovascular comorbidities as well as modifiable cardiovascular risk factors were assessed. Results: Controlling for cardiovascular comorbidity, depressive symptom severity at 3 months was negatively related to fractional anisotropy in the ACC (r = –0.72, p < 0.001), but this association disappeared when controlling for cardiovascular risk factors (p = 0.21). In comparison to patients who were non-depressed at 3 months after hospitalization (n = 14), patients with persistent depressive symptoms (n = 8) exhibited more advanced deep white matter changes overall (p < 0.02), but not when controlling for cardiovascular comorbidity. Persistently depressed patients also had lower fractional anisotropy in the ACC (p < 0.05), but this effect disappeared when controlling for modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions: This study provides the first evidence that persistent depressive symptoms after ACS are associated with vascular brain changes. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether depressive symptoms precede these changes or vice versa.
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1922-11)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Statistical Methods in the Era of Large Astronomical Surveys
Creators: name: Hughes, Arvind Christopher Nagarajah
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 510103
subject: Cosmology and extragalactic astronomy

description: Statistical methods play a crucial role in modern astronomical research. The development and understanding of these methods will be of fundamental importance to future work on large astronomical surveys. In this thesis I showcase three different statistical approaches to survey data. I first apply a semi-supervised dimensionality reduction technique to cluster similar high resolution spectra from the GALAH survey to identify 54 candidate extremely metal-poor stars. The approach shows promising potential for implementation in future large-scale stellar spectroscopic surveys. Next, I employ a method to classify sources in the Gaia survey as stars, galaxies or quasars, making use of additional infrared photometry from CatWISE2020 and discussing the importance of applying adjusted priors to probabilistic classification. Lastly, I utilise a method to estimate the rotational parameters of star clusters in Gaia, with an application to open clusters. This is done by considering the rotation of a cluster as a 3D solid body, and finding the best fitting parameters by sampling constructed likelihood functions. The methods developed in this thesis underscore the significant contributions statistical methodologies make to astronomy, and illustrate how the development and application of statistical methods will be essential for extracting meaningful insights from future large scale astronomical surveys.
Parity of Polynomial Multiplier Sequences for the Chebyshev Basis
Creators: name: Piotrowski, Andrzej
name: Shterenberg, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C15

description: We demonstrate that if $p\in\mathbb{R}[x]$ and $p$ is not an even function, then $\{p(k)\}^{\infty}_{k=0}$ is not a multiplier sequence for the basis of Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind. We also give a characterization of geometric multiplier sequences for the Chebyshev basis.
description: 14 pages
Studies of dijet transverse momentum balance and pseudorapidity distributions in pPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV
Creators: name: The CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dijet production has been measured in pPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. A data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 inverse nanobarns was collected using the Compact Muon Solenoid detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The dijet transverse momentum balance, azimuthal angle correlations, and pseudorapidity distributions are studied as a function of the transverse energy in the forward calorimeters (ETHFfour). For pPb collisions, the dijet transverse momentum ratio and the width of the distribution of dijet azimuthal angle difference are comparable to the same quantities obtained from a simulated pp reference and insensitive to ETHFfour. In contrast, the mean value of the dijet pseudorapidity is found to change monotonically with increasing ETHFfour, indicating a correlation between the energy emitted at large pseudorapidity and the longitudinal motion of the dijet frame. The pseudorapidity distribution of the dijet system in minimum bias pPb collisions is compared with next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD predictions obtained from both nucleon and nuclear parton distribution functions, and the data more closely match the latter.
description: Replaced with published version. Added the journal reference and DOI
title: Automating autism: Disability, discourse, and Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Keyes, Os
Publisher: name: Journal of Sociotechnical Critique
Year: 2020

description: As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems shift to interact with new domains and populations, so does AI ethics: a relatively nascent subdiscipline that frequently concerns itself with questions of “fairness” and “accountability.” This fairness-centred approach has been criticized for (amongst other things) lacking the ability to address discursive, rather than distributional, injustices. In this paper I simultaneously validate these concerns, and work to correct the relative silence of both conventional and critical AI ethicists around disability, by exploring the narratives deployed by AI researchers in discussing and designing systems around autism. Demonstrating that these narratives frequently perpetuate a dangerously dehumanizing model of autistic people, I explore the material consequences this might have. More importantly, I highlight the ways in which discursive harms—particularly discursive harms around dehumanization—are not simply inadequately handled by conventional AI ethics approaches, but actively invisible to them. I urge AI ethicists to critically and immediately begin grappling with the likely consequences of an approach to ethics which focuses on personhood and agency, in a world in which many populations are treated as having neither. I suggest that this issue requires a substantial revisiting of the underlying premises of AI ethics, and point to some possible directions in which researchers and practitioners might look for inspiration.
Bulk superconductivity in pressurized trilayer nickelate Pr4Ni3O10 single crystals
Creators: name: Zhang, Enkang
name: Peng, Di
name: Zhu, Yinghao
name: Chen, Lixing
name: Cui, Bingkun
name: Wang, Xingya
name: Wang, Wenbin
name: Zeng, Qiaoshi
name: Zhao, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of superconductivity in pressurized bilayer and trilayer nickelates has generated significant interest. However, their superconducting properties are often dependent on sample quality and pressure conditions, complicating the interpretation of the underlying physics. Finding new systems with optimized bulk superconducting properties is therefore important for advancing our understanding of these materials. Unlike cupates, where trilayer compounds typically exhibit the highest transition temperature (Tc), the bilayer nickelate La3Ni2O7 has thus far outperformed the trilayer La4Ni3O10 in reported Tc. Whether the trilayer nickelates have achieved the optimal Tc remains unclear, with various scenarios suggesting different possibilities. Here, we report the discovery of bulk superconductivity in pressurized Pr4Ni3O10 single crystals, achieving a maximum onset Tc of 40.5 K at 80.1 GPa, significantly exceeding the 30 K observed in La4Ni3O10. The bulk nature of superconductivity is confirmed by zero resistance and a strong diamagnetic response below Tc with a superconducting volume fraction exceeding 80%. These findings establish trilayer nickelates as genuine bulk high-temperature superconductors, provide new insights into the mechanisms driving superconductivity, and point to a promising route toward further enhancing superconducting properties in nickelates.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Dopamine neuron glutamate cotransmission: frequency-dependent modulation in the mesoventromedial projection
Creators: name: Chuhma, Nao
name: Choi, W. Y.
name: Mingote, Susana
name: Rayport, Stephen G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Glutamic acid
subject: Drug addiction--Research
subject: Transgenic mice
subject: Dopaminergic neurons
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Molecular biology

description: Mesoventromedial dopamine neurons projecting from the medial ventral tegmental area to the ventromedial shell of the nucleus accumbens play a role in attributing incentive salience to environmental stimuli that predict important events, and appear to be particularly sensitive to the effects of psychostimulant drugs. Despite the observation that these dopamine neurons make up almost the entire complement of neurons in the projection, stimulating their cell bodies evokes a fast glutamatergic response in accumbens neurons. This is apparently due to dopamine neuron glutamate cotransmission, suggested by the extensive coexpression of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) in the neurons. To examine the interplay between the dopamine and glutamate signals, we used acute quasi-horizontal brain slices made from DAT-YFP mice in which the intact mesoventromedial projection can be visualized. Under current clamp, when dopamine neurons were stimulated repeatedly, dopamine neuron glutamate transmission showed dopamine-mediated facilitation, solely at higher, burst-firing frequencies. Facilitation was diminished under voltage clamp and flipped to inhibition by intracellular Cs+ or GDPβS, indicating that it was mediated postsynaptically. Postsynaptic facilitation was D1 mediated, required activation of NMDA receptors and closure of voltage gated K+-channels. When postsynaptic facilitation was blocked, D2-mediated presynaptic inhibition became apparent. These counterbalanced pre- and postsynaptic actions determine the frequency dependence of dopamine modulation; at lower firing frequencies dopamine modulation is not apparent, while at burst firing frequency postsynaptic facilitation dominates and dopamine becomes facilitatory. Dopamine neuron glutamate cotransmission may play an important role in encoding the incentive salience value of conditioned stimuli that activate goal-directed behaviors, and may be an important subtract for enduring drug-seeking behaviors.

Key words
mesolimbic projection; ventral tegmental area; addiction; schizophrenia; transgenic mice; VGLUT2
Waiting time distribution for trains of quantized electron pulses
Creators: name: Albert, Mathias
name: Devillard, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a sequence of quantized Lorentzian pulses of non-interacting electrons impinging on a quantum point contact (QPC) and study the waiting time distribution (WTD), for any transmission and any number of pulses. As the degree of overlap between the electronic wave functions is tuned, the WTD reveals how the correlations between particles are modified. In the weak overlap regime, the WTD is made of several equidistant peaks, separated by the same period as the incoming pulses, contained in an almost exponentially decaying envelope. In the other limit, the WTD of a single quantum channel subjected to a constant voltage is recovered. In both cases, the WTD stresses the difference between the fluctuations induced by the scatterer and the ones encoded in the incoming quantum state. A clear cross-over between these two situations is studied with numerical and analytical calculations based on scattering theory.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Functional Connectome Analysis of Dopamine Neuron Glutamatergic Connections in Forebrain Regions
Creators: name: Mingote, Susana
name: Chuhma, Nao
name: Kusnoor, Sheila V.
name: Field, Bianca
name: Deutch, Ariel Y.
name: Rayport, Stephen G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Glutamic acid
subject: Nucleus accumbens
subject: Optogenetics
subject: Dopaminergic neurons
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Molecular biology

description: In the ventral tegmental area (VTA), a subpopulation of dopamine neurons express vesicular glutamate transporter 2 and make glutamatergic connections to nucleus accumbens (NAc) and olfactory tubercle (OT) neurons. However, their glutamatergic connections across the forebrain have not been explored systematically. To visualize dopamine neuron forebrain projections and to enable photostimulation of their axons independent of transmitter status, we virally transfected VTA neurons with channelrhodopsin-2 fused to enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (ChR2-EYFP) and used DATIREScre mice to restrict expression to dopamine neurons. ChR2-EYFP-expressing neurons almost invariably stained for tyrosine hydroxylase, identifying them as dopaminergic. Dopamine neuron axons visualized by ChR2-EYFP fluorescence projected most densely to the striatum, moderately to the amygdala and entorhinal cortex (ERC), sparsely to prefrontal and cingulate cortices, and rarely to the hippocampus. Guided by ChR2-EYFP fluorescence, we recorded systematically from putative principal neurons in target areas and determined the incidence and strength of glutamatergic connections by activating all dopamine neuron terminals impinging on recorded neurons with wide-field photostimulation. This revealed strong glutamatergic connections in the NAc, OT, and ERC; moderate strength connections in the central amygdala; and weak connections in the cingulate cortex. No glutamatergic connections were found in the dorsal striatum, hippocampus, basolateral amygdala, or prefrontal cortex. These results indicate that VTA dopamine neurons elicit widespread, but regionally distinct, glutamatergic signals in the forebrain and begin to define the dopamine neuron excitatory functional connectome.
Thin-film equations with singular potentials: an alternative solution to the contact-line paradox
Creators: name: Durastanti, Riccardo
name: Giacomelli, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the regime of lubrication approximation, we look at spreading phenomena under the action of singular potentials of the form $P(h)\approx h^{1-m}$ as $h\to 0^+$ with $m>1$, modeling repulsion between the liquid-gas interface and the substrate. We assume zero slippage at the contact line. Based on formal analysis arguments, we report that for any $m>1$ and any value of the speed (both positive and negative) there exists a three-parameter, hence generic, family of fronts (i.e., traveling-wave solutions with a contact line). A two-parameter family of advancing "linear-log" fronts also exists, having a logarithmically corrected linear behaviour in the liquid bulk. All these fronts have finite rate of dissipation, indicating that singular potentials stand as an alternative solution to the contact-line paradox. In agreement with steady states, fronts have microscopic contact angle equal to $π/2$ for all $m>1$ and finite energy for all $m<3$. We also propose a selection criterion for the fronts, based on thermodynamically consistent contact-line conditions modeling friction at the contact line. So as contact-angle conditions do in the case of slippage models, this criterion selects a unique (up to translation) linear-log front for each positive speed. Numerical evidence suggests that, fixed the speed and the frictional coefficient, its shape depends on the spreading coefficient, with steeper fronts in partial wetting and a more prominent precursor region in dry complete wetting.
description: 26 pages
Hoplomys gymnurus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Hoplomys
Hoplomys gymnurus

description: Hoplomys gymnurus (Thomas, 1897). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, 20:550. TYPE LOCALITY: Ecuador, Esmeraldas Prov., Cachavi. DISTRIBUTION: E.C. Honduras to N. W. Ecuador. COMMENT: Formerly included hoplomyoides which was transferred to Proechimys by Handley, 1976, Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. Biol. Ser., 20(5):57. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029007001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 588, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
description: {"references": ["Handley, C. O., Jr. 1976. Mammals of the Smithsonian Venezuelan Project. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series, 20: 1 - 91."]}
Evaluation of Pesticide Supplies and Demand for 1978
Creators: name: Eichers, Theodore R.
name: Andrilenas, Paul A.
name: Eichers, Theodore R.
name: Andrilenas, Paul A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Pesticide production
subject: pesticide supply
subject: pesticide demand
subject: pesticide prices
subject: pesticide outlook
subject: pesticide regulations

description: Pesticide supplies for the 1978 crop season appear ample for all major uses. Production is expected to be up about 3 percent, but inventories are off about 1 percentage point. Net supplies are expected to be up about 2 percent overall. Insecticide supplies are up about 5 percent, but herbicide supplies are expected to be off about 2 percent. Pesticide prices dropped 5 to 9 percent last year. Although adequate supplies of pesticides are exerting continued downward pressure on prices, prices are generally expected to hold at last year's levels. World pesticide use is expected to increase nearly 50 percent from 1974 levels to those projected for 1984, with proportional increases for the developing nations far exceeding those for the developed nations. Supply estimates for this report are based on surveys of pesticide manufacturers and distributors. Demand estimates are based on farmers' planting intentions for 1978 and on data on pesticide use.
A Socioeconomic Profile of the Northern Great Plains Coal Region
Creators: name: Myers, Paul R.
name: Hines, Fred K.
name: Conopask, Jeff V.
name: Myers, Paul R.
name: Hines, Fred K.
name: Conopask, Jeff V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Excerpt from the Purpose of the Study: This study provides a socioeconomic profile of selected coal areas of the Northern Great Plains. Potential problems that may arise from coal development are identified and measured. The report covers such items as historical and recent trends in population, income, and employment for the region as a whole, and for selected areas and towns within the region. Data for the region are compared with data for the entire United States and all U.S. nonmetro counties. The report makes wide use of data from the Census of Population. The Federal State Cooperative series of county population estimates are used to measure 1970-74 population change and components of change.
Testing Lorentz Invariance with a Double-Pass Optical Ring Cavity
Creators: name: Michimura, Yuta
name: Matsumoto, Nobuyuki
name: Ohmae, Noriaki
name: Kokuyama, Wataru
name: Aso, Yoichi
name: Ando, Masaki
name: Tsubono, Kimio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed an apparatus to test Lorentz invariance in the photon sector by measuring the resonant frequency difference between two counterpropagating directions of an asymmetric optical ring cavity using a double-pass configuration. No significant evidence for the violation was found at the level of $δc /c \lesssim 10^{-14}$. Details of our apparatus and recent results are presented.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. Presented at the Sixth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, Bloomington, Indiana, June 17-21, 2013
A rapidly mixing Markov chain from any gapped quantum many-body system
Creators: name: Bravyi, Sergey
name: Carleo, Giuseppe
name: Gosset, David
name: Liu, Yinchen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the computational task of sampling a bit string $x$ from a distribution $π(x)=|\langle x|ψ\rangle|^2$, where $ψ$ is the unique ground state of a local Hamiltonian $H$. Our main result describes a direct link between the inverse spectral gap of $H$ and the mixing time of an associated continuous-time Markov Chain with steady state $π$. The Markov Chain can be implemented efficiently whenever ratios of ground state amplitudes $\langle y|ψ\rangle/\langle x|ψ\rangle$ are efficiently computable, the spectral gap of $H$ is at least inverse polynomial in the system size, and the starting state of the chain satisfies a mild technical condition that can be efficiently checked. This extends a previously known relationship between sign-problem free Hamiltonians and Markov chains. The tool which enables this generalization is the so-called fixed-node Hamiltonian construction, previously used in Quantum Monte Carlo simulations to address the fermionic sign problem. We implement the proposed sampling algorithm numerically and use it to sample from the ground state of Haldane-Shastry Hamiltonian with up to 56 qubits. We observe empirically that our Markov chain based on the fixed-node Hamiltonian mixes more rapidly than the standard Metropolis-Hastings Markov chain.
description: v2:journal version
The Jastrow antisymmetric geminal power in Hilbert space: theory, benchmarking, and application to a novel transition state
Creators: name: Neuscamman, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Jastrow-modified antisymmetric geminal power (JAGP) ansatz in Hilbert space successfully overcomes two key failings of other pairing theories, namely a lack of inter-pair correlations and a lack of multiple resonance structures, while maintaining a polynomially scaling cost, variational energies, and size consistency. Here we present efficient quantum Monte Carlo algorithms that evaluate and optimize the JAGP energy for a cost that scales as the fifth power of the system size. We demonstrate the JAGP's ability to describe both static and dynamic correlation by applying it to bond stretching in H2O, C2, and N2 as well as to a novel, multi-reference transition state of ethene. JAGP's accuracy in these systems outperforms even the most sophisticated single-reference methods and approaches that of exponentially-scaling active space methods.
description: 13 pages, 4 tables, 14 figures
The Mechanical Neural Network(MNN) -- A physical implementation of a multilayer perceptron for education and hands-on experimentation
Creators: name: Schaffland, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.3.2; I.2.6

description: In this paper the Mechanical Neural Network(MNN) is introduced, a physical implementation of a multilayer perceptron(MLP) with ReLU activation functions, two input neurons, four hidden neurons and two output neurons. This physical model of a MLP is used in education to give a hands on experience and allow students to experience the effect of changing the parameters of the network on the output. Neurons are small wooden levers which are connected by threads. Students can adapt the weights between the neurons by moving the clamps connecting a neuron via a thread to the next. The MNN can model real valued functions and logical operators including XOR.
description: short video (30sec): https://youtu.be/zMxh3Io3hFE, full presentation video: https://youtu.be/cEzk8JKDzy4; 8 pages, 6 figures
title: Mehr Professuren für Gender-MINT! Bestandsaufnahme, Perspektiven und Forderungen von Professor*innen in MINT-Gender Studies in Deutschland
Creators: name: Kubes, Tanja
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fachkulturforschung
subject: Gender Studies
subject: Hochschule
subject: Hochschulpolitik
subject: MINT
subject: Wissenschaftsforschung
subject: ddc:370

description: Um den technologischen und gesellschaftlichen Herausforderungen der Gegenwart gerecht zu werden, bedürfen die MINT-Disziplinen dringend eines kritisch-reflexiven, diversitätssensiblen Korrektivs. Die vorliegende qualitative Studie liefert eine umfassende Bestandsaufnahme des Ist-Zustandes im Bereich Gender Studies in MINT und schlägt Maßnahmen für eine nachhaltige Integration von gender- und diversitätsrelevanten Inhalten in den MINT-Disziplinen vor. Sie identifiziert drei Desiderata: eine bessere Verankerung und Akzeptanz der Geschlechterforschung in MINT auf institutioneller Ebene, einen Stellenausbau für Professuren mit der Denomination Gender Studies in MINT und die Eröffnung langfristiger Perspektiven für Stelleninhaber*innen in diesem Bereich.
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1923-10)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Why do Earth satellites stay up?
Creators: name: Tremaine, Scott
name: Yavetz, Tomer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Satellites in low Earth orbits must accurately conserve their orbital eccentricity, since a decrease in perigee of only 5-10% would cause them to crash. However, these satellites are subject to gravitational perturbations from the Earth's multipole moments, the Moon, and the Sun that are not spherically symmetric and hence do not conserve angular momentum, especially over the tens of thousands of orbits made by a typical satellite. Why then do satellites not crash? We describe a vector-based analysis of the long-term behavior of satellite orbits and apply this to several toy systems containing a single non-Keplerian perturbing potential. If only the quadrupole potential from the Earth's equatorial bulge is present, all near-circular orbits are stable. If only the octupole potential is present, all such orbits are unstable. If only the lunar or solar potential is present, all near-circular orbits with inclinations to the ecliptic exceeding 39 degrees are unstable. We describe the behavior of satellites in the simultaneous presence of all of these perturbations and show that almost all low Earth orbits are stable because of an accidental property of the dominant quadrupole potential. We also relate these results to the phenomenon of Lidov-Kozai oscillations.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure; submitted to American Journal of Physics
Impact of A1C Screening Criterion on the Diagnosis of Pre-Diabetes Among U.S. Adults
Creators: name: Mann, Devin M.
name: Carson, April P.
name: Shimbo, Daichi
name: Fonseca, Vivian
name: Fox, Caroline S.
name: Muntner, Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Diagnosis
Diabetes--Diagnosis
Prediabetic state
Epidemiology
Medical sciences

description: OBJECTIVE New clinical practice recommendations include A1C as an alternative to fasting glucose as a diagnostic test for identifying pre-diabetes. The impact of these new recommendations on the diagnosis of pre-diabetes is unknown.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2006 (n = 7,029) were analyzed to determine the percentage and number of U.S. adults without diabetes classified as having pre-diabetes by the elevated A1C (5.7–6.4%) and by the impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (fasting glucose 100–125 mg/dl) criterion separately. Test characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values) using IFG as the reference standard were calculated.

RESULTS The prevalence of pre-diabetes among U.S. adults was 12.6% by the A1C criterion and 28.2% by the fasting glucose criterion. Only 7.7% of U.S. adults, reflecting 61 and 27% of those with pre-diabetes by A1C and fasting glucose, respectively, had pre-diabetes according to both definitions. A1C used alone would reclassify 37.6 million Americans with IFG to not having pre-diabetes and 8.9 million without IFG to having pre-diabetes (46.5 million reclassified). Using IFG as the reference standard, pre-diabetes by the A1C criterion has 27% sensitivity, 93% specificity, 61% positive predictive value, and 77% negative predictive value.

CONCLUSIONS Using A1C as the pre-diabetes criterion would reclassify the pre-diabetes diagnosis of nearly 50 million Americans. It is imperative that clinicians and health systems understand the differences and similarities in using A1C or IFG in diagnosis of pre-diabetes.
Long-range multipartite quantum correlations and factorization in a one-dimensional spin-1/2 $XY$ chain
Creators: name: Su, Lin-Lin
name: Ren, Jun
name: Wang, Z. D.
name: Bai, Yan-Kui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of multipartite quantum correlation (MQC) in a one-dimensional spin-1/2 $XY$ chain, where the three-spin reduced states are focused on and the four introduced MQC measures are based on entanglement negativity and entanglement of formation. It is found that, even in the Ising case, the three-spin subsystems have the long-range MQCs and the tripartite quantum correlations beyond the nearest-neighbor three spins can detect the quantum phase transition and obey the finite-size scaling around the critical point. Furthermore, in the $XY$ model, we show that the two selected MQCs can indicate exactly the factorization point of the ground state for the anisotropic model in the thermodynamic and finite-size cases. Moreover, the spatial distribution of MQC based on entanglement negativity can attain to a much larger range by tuning the anisotropic parameter, and the newly defined MQC based on entanglement of formation can detect the bound entanglement in the three-spin subsystems when the entanglement negativity loses its efficacy.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
Isothrix Wagner 1845
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Isothrix

description: Isothrix Wagner, 1845. Arch. Naturg., 1:145. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029008000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 588, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Single-exposure profilometry using partitioned aperture wavefront imaging
Creators: name: Barankov, Roman
name: Mertz, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a technique for instantaneous measurements of surface topography based on the combination of a partitioned aperture wavefront imager with a standard lamp-based reflection microscope. The technique can operate at video rate over large fields of view, and provides nanometer axial resolution and sub-micron lateral resolution. We discuss performance characteristics of this technique, which we experimentally compare with scanning white light interferometry.
description: 4 pages
Household structure, family ties, and psychological distress among U.S.-born and immigrant Latino women
Creators: name: Molina, Kristine M.
name: Alcantara, Carmela
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Distress, (Psychology)
subject: Households
subject: Hispanic American women
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Families

description: Latino women endorse the highest rates of past-month depressive symptoms relative to Latino men and non-Latino White men and women. Yet, research into the specific domains of family life that reduce or engender psychological distress among Latinas is sparse. We examine the hypothesis that indicators of household structure and family ties will relate to psychological distress among Latinas in the United States, and that these associations will vary by nativity status. We employed nationally representative data of Latina adults (N = 1,427) from the National Latino and Asian American Study. Nativity-stratified regression analyses revealed that strained family ties (i.e., family burden, family cultural conflict) were associated with greater levels of past-month psychological distress for both U.S.-born and immigrant Latinas. Yet, the effect of household structures on psychological distress differed by nativity status. Adjusting for sociodemographic factors, lower levels of household income were associated with greater psychological distress; and having children in the household was associated with lower levels of psychological distress among U.S.-born Latinas. In contrast, for immigrant Latinas, being out of the labor force was associated with greater levels of psychological distress. Results suggest that dynamics of both the household and family context predict differential as well as similar mental-health outcomes across segments of the Latina population in the United States. These findings underscore the need to understand the pathways by which different facets of family life—structural and social domains—relate to mental-health status among subgroups of Latinas. Our results also have implications for the development of tailored interventions to meet the specific needs of Latinas.
Multi criteria decision making approach for selecting effort estimation model
Creators: name: Sehra, Sumeet Kaur
name: Brar, Dr. Yadwinder Singh
name: Kaur, Dr. Navdeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Effort Estimation has always been a challenging task for the Project managers. Many researchers have tried to help them by creating different types of models. This has been already proved that none is successful for all types of projects and every type of environment. Analytic Hierarchy Process has been identified as the tool that would help in Multi Criteria Decision Making. Researchers have identified that Analytic Hierarchy Process can be used for the comparison of effort estimation of different models and techniques. But the problem with traditional Analytic Hierarchy Process is its inability to deal with the imprecision and subjectivity in the pairwise comparison process. The motive of this paper is to propose Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, which can be used to rectify the subjectivity and imprecision of Analytic Hierarchy Process and can be used for selecting the type of Model best suited for estimating the effort for a given problem type or environment. Instead of single crisp value, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process uses a range of values to incorporate decision maker uncertainty. From this range, decision maker can select the value that reflects his confidence and also he can specify his attitude like optimistic, pessimistic or moderate. In this work, the comparison of Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process is concluded using a case study of selection of effort estimation model.
Projected impact of polypill use among US adults: Medication use, cardiovascular risk reduction, and side effects
Creators: name: Muntner, Paul
name: Mann, Devin M.
name: Wildman, Rachel P.
name: Shimbo, Daichi
name: Fuster, Valentin
name: Woodward, Mark
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Cardiovascular system--Diseases--Prevention
Pills
Epidemiology
Medical sciences
Medicine

description: Background
Polypills, which include multiple medications for reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in a single pill, have been proposed for population-wide use. The number of US adults eligible for polypills and potential benefits are unknown.

Methods
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2004 and 2007-2008 were analyzed to estimate treatment rates for medications proposed for inclusion in polypills (aspirin, statin, an angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitor, and a thiazide-type diuretic for those without and a β-blocker for those with a history of myocardial infarction) among US adults. The number of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke events potentially prevented through polypill use was projected by published meta-analyses and 3 large population-based cohort studies. Two polypill eligibility criteria were analyzed: (1) US adults ≥55 years and (2) US adults with a history of CVD.

Results
There are 67.6 million US adults ≥55 years and 15.4 million US adults with a history of CVD and, thus, eligible for polypills using the 2 outlined criteria. In 2007 to 2008, 37.3% of US adults ≥55 years and 57.0% of those with a history of CVD were taking statins. Use of other polypill medications was also low. Polypill use by US adults aged ≥55 years is projected to potentially prevent 3.2 million CHD events and 1.7 million strokes over 10 years. Among those with a history of CVD, the potential to prevent of 0.9 million CHD events and 0.5 million strokes is projected.

Conclusions
Polypills have the potential to lower CVD incidence substantially among US adults.
Isothrix bistriatus Wagner 1845
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Isothrix
Isothrix bistriatus

description: Isothrix bistriatus Wagner, 1845. Arch. Naturg., 1:146. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Rio Guapore. DISTRIBUTION: S.W. to N.C. Brazil; S. Venezuela; adjacent Colombia. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029008001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 588, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
A comparative study of deconvolution techniques for quantum-gas microscope images
Creators: name: La Rooij, A.
name: Ulm, C.
name: Haller, E.
name: Kuhr, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum-gas microscopes are used to study ultracold atoms in optical lattices at the single particle level. In these system atoms are localised on lattice sites with separations close to or below the diffraction limit. To determine the lattice occupation with high fidelity, a deconvolution of the images is often required. We compare three different techniques, a local iterative deconvolution algorithm, Wiener deconvolution and the Lucy-Richardson algorithm, using simulated microscope images. We investigate how the reconstruction fidelity scales with varying signal-to-noise ratio, lattice filling fraction, varying fluorescence levels per atom, and imaging resolution. The results of this study identify the limits of singe-atom detection and provide quantitative fidelities which are applicable for different atomic species and quantum-gas microscope setups.