Enterocolides pacificus Kim &amp; Boxshall 2021, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kim, Il-Hoi
name: Boxshall, Geoff A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Maxillopoda
Cyclopoida
Enteropsidae
Enterocolides
Enterocolides pacificus

description: <i>Enterocolides pacificus</i> sp. nov. (Figs. 160-162) <b>Type material.</b> Holotype ♀ (MNHN-IU-2014-21569), 3 ♀♀ paratypes (MNHN-IU-2014-21570) and 1 ♀ paratype (dissected, MNHN-IU-2014-21480) from <i>ieptçclẚnẚdes</i> sp. (MNHN-IT-2008-4853 = MNHN A2 / LEP/95); Papua New Guinea, SE Normanby Is., Cape Prevost, CRCHO 501, Site PREVOST 2 (12°06.33´S, 150°57.68´E), depth 49 m, CRRF coll., 20 January 2002. <b>Additional non-type material.</b> 11 ♀♀ (MNHN-IU-2014-21571, 2 ♀♀ dissected) from <i>Atr ẚçlum marsupẚalẚs</i> Monniot F., 1989 (MNHN-IT-2008-1347 = MNHN A2 / ATR/1); New Caledonia, Grande Terre, Ilot Maitre, près de la balise, Stn NC 14, depth 6-9 m, Monniot coll., 11 September 1985; 7 ♀♀ (MNHN-IU-2014-21572, 1 ♀ dissected) from <i>Tr ẚdẚdemnum</i> sp.; Papua New Guinea, CRCHO 491, Site DUCHEDD IS, off W Normanby I. (09°57.82´S, 150°50.73´E), depth 10 m, CRRF coll., 19 January 2002. <b>Etymology.</b> The name of the new species reflects its distribution (Pacific Ocean), in contrast to the Mediterranean distribution of the type species. <b>Description of female.</b> Body (Fig. 160A, B) cylindrical, unsegmented, curved dorsally. Body length 800 μm; maximum width 315 μm (across second pedigerous somite). Cephalic shield 167×256 μm, slightly narrower than trunk, with incomplete posterior margin. Trunk unsegmented; first to fourth pedigerous somites each bearing large, lamellate tergal folds dorsolaterally. Genitoabdomen (Fig. 160C) short, dorsoventrally deeper than laterally wide, unsegmented, with 2 or 3 faint wrinkles laterally; anal prominence large. Caudal rami and caudal setae absent. Egg sac (Fig. 160D) containing 4- 6 eggs; each egg about 167 μm in diameter. Rostrum absent. Antennule (Fig. 160E) elongate, unsegmented, about 2.3 times longer than wide (70×30 μm), tapering in distal half; armed with 8 small setae, 4 subdistally and 4 on apex. Antenna (Fig. 160F) about 2.0 times longer than wide (127×63 μm), 2-segmented; proximal segment unarmed, but ornamented with posterodistal patch of minute spinules; distal segment narrowing distally, armed with 4 setae (setae II-V) at apex, 1 larger than others; setae I and VI reduced to setule-like vestiges separated from large setae. Labrum (Fig. 160G) with narrow, spinulose palps. Mandible spinulose, tapering, slightly broader than labral palp. Maxillule consisting of precoxa (Fig. 160H) and palp (Fig. 160I); precoxa bluntly trilobed distally, with endite bearing 1 naked seta and tuft of numerous thin setules; palp with 5 spinulose spines (or spiniform setae) on distal margin and 1 minute vestigial seta on lateral margin. Maxilla (Fig. 160J) 2-segmented; proximal segment with large, spinulose process mediodistally; distal segment unequally bifurcate, unarmed and unornamented. Maxilliped absent. Legs 1-4 each consisting of 2-segmented, unarmed protopod and unsegmented rami (Fig. 161 A-C). Exopods of legs 1, 2, and 4 small, much shorter than endopods, unarmed, triangular, pointed distally; exopod of legs 3 attenuated, with acutely pointed tip. Endopods of legs 1 and 2 twice as long as wide, armed with 2 naked setae distally; laterodistal seta 0.7 times as long as endopodal segment, but slightly longer than mediodistal seta. Endopods of legs 3 and 4 unarmed, slightly longer than wide, with rounded distal margin. Leg 5 (Fig. 160K) lamellate, unarmed, wider than long (130×196 μm). <b>Comparative description of female associated with <i>Atiolum marsupialis</i></b> in New Caledonia (Fig. 162). Body (Fig. 162A, B) inflated, fleshy; body length 1.03 mm in dissected specimen; mean body length 0.96 mm (0.82-1.11 mm, n=8); maximum width 441 μm (across second pedigerous somite). Cephalic shield much narrower than trunk, with obscure dorsal margin. Dorsolateral tergal folds less developed than those of type specimens. Egg sac containing more than 30 eggs; each egg about 140 μm in diameter, smaller than in type specimens. Antennule (Fig. 162C) more slender than that of type specimens, armed with 8 small setae. Antenna (Fig. 162D) as that of type specimens in form and armature, but relative lengths of setae slightly different. Labrum (Fig. 162F) ornamented with several patches of spinules on ventral surface. Mandible (Fig. 162F), maxillule (Fig. 162G, H), and maxilla (Fig. 162I) as in type specimens. Legs 1-4 with same form and setation as in type specimens, but distal setae on endopods of legs 1 and 2 slightly longer and weakly pinnate. Leg 5 (Fig. 162M) 110×204 μm. <b>Male.</b> Unknown. <b>Remarks.</b> As illustrated, the type specimens from Papua New Guinea and additional material from New Caledonia exhibit some differences in body form, in the development of the dorsolateral tergal folds on the trunk, the relative lengths of the setae on the antenna and legs 1 and 2, and in the size of the eggs. However, we infer that these differences represent infraspecific variation. The presence of 2 setae on the endopods of legs 1 and 2 of <i>b</i>. <i>pacẚfẚcus</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> is the most marked difference from the type species, <i>b</i>. <i>ecaudatus</i>, which lacks endopodal setae on all legs. Other differences include: the presence of well-developed dorsolateral tergal folds on the first to fourth pedigerous somites (cf. these tergal folds lacking in <i>b</i>. <i>ecaudatus</i>), the antennule is armed with 8 setae (cf. 2 setae and several spinules in <i>b</i>. <i>ecaudatus</i>, according to illustration in Illg &amp; Dudley, 1980), the antenna is 2-segmented and armed with 4 naked setae plus 2 setule-like vestiges (cf. unsegmented and armed with 6 spinulose setae in <i>b</i>. <i>ecaudatus</i>), the distal margin of the maxillular palp is armed with 5 setae (cf. 4 setae in <i>b</i>. <i>ecaudatus</i>), the lateral margin of the exopods of legs 1, 2, and 4 is smooth (cf. ornamented with a cusp and spinules in <i>b</i>. <i>ecaudatus</i>), the distal segment of the maxilla is distally bifurcate and lacks a proximal seta (cf. simple, but with a proximal seta in <i>b</i>. <i>ecaudatus</i>), and leg 5 is wider than long and unarmed (cf. longer than wide and armed with a pair of small setae in <i>b</i>. <i>ecaudatus</i>).
description: Published as part of <i>Kim, Il-Hoi &amp; Boxshall, Geoff A., 2021, Copepods (Cyclopoida) associated with ascidian hosts: Ascidicolidae, Buproridae, Botryllophilidae, and Enteropsidae, with descriptions of 84 new species, pp. 1-286 in Zootaxa 1</i> on pages 244-246, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4978.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4820443
description: {"references": ["Illg, P. L. &amp; Dudley, P. L. (1980) The family Ascidicolidae and its subfamilies (Copepoda, Cyclopoida), with descriptions of new species. Memc \u1e9ares du Museum kat \u1e9acnal d'e \u1e9astc\u1e9are katurelleI mar \u1e9as, Serie A, Zoologie, 117, 1 - 192."]}