cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Note on AdS/CFT Dual of SL(2,Z) Action on 3D Conformal Field Theories with U(1) Symmetry
Creators: name: Yee, Ho-Ung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we elaborate on the SL(2,Z) action on three dimensional conformal field theories with U(1) symmetry introduced by Witten, by trying to give an explicit verification of the claim regarding holographic dual of the S operation in AdS/CFT correspondence. A consistency check with the recently proposed prescription on boundary condition of bulk fields when we deform the boundary CFT in a non-standard manner is also discussed.
description: LaTex, 1+15 pages, 1 figure, v2: discussion in terms of deformation theory is added
Additional file 1 of A model for genuineness detection in genetically and phenotypically similar maize variety seeds based on hyperspectral imaging and machine learning
Creators: name: Tu, Keling
name: Wen, Shaozhe
name: Cheng, Ying
name: Xu, Yanan
name: Pan, Tong
name: Hou, Haonan
name: Gu, Riliang
name: Wang, Jianhua
name: Wang, Fengge
name: Sun, Qun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The probability density distributions of 54 features for JK 968 and non-JK 968, extracted from the non-germ surface. Figure S2. Spectral reflectance extraction. Step a Visual hyperspectral of the maize seeds from the HSI Analyzer software. Step b a binary mask, which only contains seeds with zero values for background, was acquired by threshold segmentation. Step c: the true regions of maize seeds from the image of 765 bands (400–100 nm) were segmented by the binary mask. Step d the mean spectral features of each maize seed were extracted in 765 bands to characterize the seeds. Table S1. The details of different Jingke 968 seed lots.
Cavinula scutiformis Mann & Stickle
Creators: name: Cvetkoska, Aleksandra
name: Levkov, Zlatko
name: Hamilton, Paul B.
name: Potapova, Marina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Bacillariophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Naviculales
Cavinulaceae
Cavinula
Cavinula scutiformis

description: Cavinula scutiformis (Grunow ex A. Schmidt) Mann & Stickle (Figs 107–111)
 Basionym: Navicula scutiformis Grunow in Schmidt et al. 1881, fig. 70: 62
Valves elliptic, with rounded apices. Valve length 23–32 µm, width 17–22 µm. Striae radiate throughout valve length. Striae composed of fine, elliptic to somewhat rounded areolae, 12–14 in 10 µm. Stria density, 18–24 to 28–30 in 10 µm. Central area narrow, linearlanceolate, transforming into a defined central space transversally elongated, rounded to elliptical in shape. Central area formed by gradual shortening of striae along both valve margins. Raphe system linear; proximal raphe fissures tear-drop like. Distal raphe fissures pore-like and small, terminating on valve face.
 Type:— Stavanger, Norway. Grunow in Schmidt et al. 1881, fig. 70: 62 (holotype).
 Observations:— This taxon is identified by the elliptic valve shape, large transversely elongated central area, high stria and areola densities at the apices, and the presence of distinct pore-like fissures at the valve apices.
 Distribution:— C. scutiformis occurs in the northern regions of Europe, Asia and North America. In the CANA collection this taxon was identified from 35 localities in western (excluding Saskatchewan, Manitoba) and eastern Canada, but not from the tundra region north of 60 degrees. In the framework of this study, C. scutiformis was identified in six more localities from Canada, in which it was previously not recorded: sediment core C2 (50–51 cm) recovered from Flower Round Lake, Crosson Lake Oakley (sediment core) Muskoka District, Clear Lake Oakley (sediment core), Muskoka District, (Ontario) and additionally Big Moose Lake, Moriah Parch Pond (New York) and Walden Pond (Massachusetts) in the United States. This taxon was also confirmed in Lac aux Araignees (Québec). C. scutiformis was identified in samples with low to circumneutral pH (5.1–7), an average weighted mean conductivity of 34.5 µS/cm, with a range of 26–65 µS/cm, and an average weighted mean alkalinity of 62 µeq/L, and a range between 6 and 153 µeq/L.
 Distribution Records:— Grunow in Schmidt et al. (1881, Atlas der Diatomaceen-kunde, Band I, Serie I-III, fig. 70: 62), Krammer & Lange-Bertalot (1986, fig. 59: 10, 11, Europe), Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin (1996, fig. 24: 13, 14, fig. 114: 3, 4, Europe), Foged (1971, fig. 15: 20, Alaska).
description: Published as part of Cvetkoska, Aleksandra, Levkov, Zlatko, Hamilton, Paul B. & Potapova, Marina, 2014, The biogeographic distribution of Cavinula (Bacillariophyceae) in North America with the descriptions of two new species, pp. 181-207 in Phytotaxa 184 (4) on page 198, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.184.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5146714
Circle-valued angle structures and obstruction theory
Creators: name: Hodgson, Craig D.
name: Kricker, Andrew J.
name: Siejakowski, Rafał M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50, 57M27

description: We study spaces of circle-valued angle structures, introduced by Feng Luo, on ideal triangulations of 3-manifolds. We prove that the connected components of these spaces are enumerated by certain cohomology groups of the 3-manifold with $\mathbb{Z}_2$-coefficients. Our main theorem shows that this establishes a geometrically natural bijection between the connected components of the spaces of circle-valued angle structures and the obstruction classes to lifting boundary-parabolic $PSL(2,\mathbb{C})$-representations of the fundamental group of the 3-manifold to boundary-unipotent representations into $SL(2,\mathbb{C})$. In particular, these connected components have topological and algebraic significance independent of the ideal triangulations chosen to construct them. The motivation and main application of this study is to understand the domain of the state-integral defining the meromorphic 3D-index of Garoufalidis and Kashaev, necessary in order to classify the boundary-parabolic representations contributing to its asymptotics.
description: This is a slightly abbreviated version of the original submission with minor changes in exposition and notation. Accepted for publication in Journal of Topology and Analysis. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2109.05355
Deinstitutionalising Mental Health Services in Malaysia
Creators: name: Jade Goh,
Publisher: name: National University of Singapore
Year: 2021
Subjects: Malaysia
mental health
deinstitutionalisation
community care
healthcare
psychiatric services
cultural norms

description: Malaysia's Mental Health Act 2001 provided a framework for the delivery of mental health services in Malaysia, and helped encourage the movement of mental healthcare from state mental institutions to community-based services. However, the provision of mental healthcare in Malaysia still faced challenges such as the integration of modern mental healthcare services with traditional belief systems, and deeply entrenched stigma surrounding mental health issues. This case study discusses those challenges and their wider implications for the treatment of patients with mental disorders in Malaysia.
Detection of WHIM in the Planck data using Stack First approach
Creators: name: Singari, Baibhav
name: Ghosh, Tuhin
name: Khatri, Rishi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We detect the diffuse thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect from the gas filaments between the Luminous Red Galaxy (LRG) pairs using a new approach relying on stacking the individual frequency maps. We apply and demonstrate our method on ~88000 LRG pairs in the SDSS DR12 catalogue selected with an improved selection criterion that ensures minimal contamination by the Galactic CO emission as well as the tSZ signal from the clusters of galaxies. We first stack the Planck channel maps and then perform the Internal Linear Combination method to extract the diffuse $y_{\rm sz}$ signal. Our $Stack$ $First$ approach makes the component separation a lot easier as the stacking greatly suppresses the noise and CMB contributions while the dust foreground becomes homogeneous in spectral-domain across the stacked patch. Thus one component, the CMB, is removed while the rest of the foregrounds are made simpler even before component separation algorithm is applied. We obtain the WHIM signal of $y_{\rm whim}=(3.78\pm 0.37)\times 10^{-8}$ in the gas filaments, accounting for the electron overdensity of $\sim 13$. We estimate the detection significance to be $\gtrsim 10.2σ$. This excess $y_{\rm sz}$ signal is tracing the warm-hot intergalactic medium and it could account for most of the missing baryons of the Universe. We show that the $Stack$ $First$ approach is more robust to systematics and produces a cleaner signal compared to the methods relying on stacking the $y$-maps to detect weak tSZ signal currently being used by the cosmology community.
description: 35 pages, 20 figures, Current version matches the version accepted for publication in JCAP
MOESM3 of Associations between diet and mental health using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire: cross-sectional and prospective analyses from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study
Creators: name: Choda, Naoki
name: Wakai, Kenji
name: Naito, Mariko
name: Nahomi Imaeda
name: Goto, Chiho
name: Maruyama, Kenta
name: Kadomatsu, Yuka
name: Tsukamoto, Mineko
name: Sasakabe, Tae
name: Kubo, Yoko
name: Okada, Rieko
name: Kawai, Sayo
name: Tamura, Takashi
name: Asahi Hishida
name: Takeuchi, Kenji
name: Atsuyoshi Mori
name: Hamajima, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Cutoff values for quartiles of daily food and nutrient intakes at baseline.
Relation between higher-dimensional gauge theories and gravitational waves from first-order phase transitions
Creators: name: Hirose, Takuya
name: Shibuya, Hiroto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the relation between higher-dimensional gauge theories and stochastic gravitational wave (GW) spectrums caused by their potential. It is known that the higher-dimensional gauge theories can induce the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the gauge symmetry. If the spontaneous symmetry breaking induces the first-order phase transition, the stochastic GW can be observed in future interferometers. Through our numerical calculations, we reveal that distinctive parameters in the theories, like the compact scale, can change the GW spectrums dynamically. We also discuss the verifiability of the theories through the GW observations.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, revised version
Maseeha Ambulance Network â€“ Rolling out emergency response and rescue services in rural Pakistan
Creators: name: Abdullah Bin Abbas,
Publisher: name: National University of Singapore
Year: 2021
Subjects: Pakistan
medical services
healthcare sector

description: Surrounding the growing demands for medical services in rural Pakistan, this case study first recounts the operational and macroenvironmental complexities that Abdullah and the Saving 9 team had encountered while launching the Maseeha Ambulance Network ? the first phase of their Community Aid and Response in Emergencies (CARE) initiative in Pind Begwal. The case study then proceeds to discuss the possible challenges that the team might encounter in the second and third phases of the CARE initiative, for CARE to become self-sustaining in terms of operations and management.
First INTEGRAL Observations of Eight Persistent Neutron Star Low Mass X-ray Binaries
Creators: name: Paizis, A.
name: Beckmann, V.
name: Courvoisier, T. J. -L.
name: Vilhu, O.
name: Lutovinov, A.
name: Ebisawa, K.
name: Hannikainen, D.
name: Chernyakova, M.
name: Heras, J. A. Zurita
name: Rodriguez, J.
name: Zdziarski, A. A.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: Kuulkers, E.
name: Oosterbroek, T.
name: Frontera, F.
name: Gimenez, A.
name: Goldoni, P.
name: Santangelo, A.
name: Palumbo, G. G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early results from the INTEGRAL Core Program, for a sample of eight persistently bright neutron star low mass X-ray binaries in the energy range from 5 keV to 200 keV are presented. It is shown that INTEGRAL efficiently detects sources and that spectra may be obtained up to several hundreds of keV by combining data from three of the four INTEGRAL instruments: JEM-X, IBIS and SPI. For the source GX 17+2 it is shown that the spectrum extends well above 100 keV with a flattening of the spectrum above 30 keV. This might suggest a non-thermal comptonisation emission, but uncertainties in the current data reduction and background determination do not allow firm conclusions to be drawn.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Tetra-AML: Automatic Machine Learning via Tensor Networks
Creators: name: Naumov, A.
name: Melnikov, Ar.
name: Abronin, V.
name: Oxanichenko, F.
name: Izmailov, K.
name: Pflitsch, M.
name: Melnikov, A.
name: Perelshtein, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neural networks have revolutionized many aspects of society but in the era of huge models with billions of parameters, optimizing and deploying them for commercial applications can require significant computational and financial resources. To address these challenges, we introduce the Tetra-AML toolbox, which automates neural architecture search and hyperparameter optimization via a custom-developed black-box Tensor train Optimization algorithm, TetraOpt. The toolbox also provides model compression through quantization and pruning, augmented by compression using tensor networks. Here, we analyze a unified benchmark for optimizing neural networks in computer vision tasks and show the superior performance of our approach compared to Bayesian optimization on the CIFAR-10 dataset. We also demonstrate the compression of ResNet-18 neural networks, where we use 14.5 times less memory while losing just 3.2% of accuracy. The presented framework is generic, not limited by computer vision problems, supports hardware acceleration (such as with GPUs and TPUs) and can be further extended to quantum hardware and to hybrid quantum machine learning models.
Kaiser Family Foundation Poll: March 2021 COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor: Rural America
Creators: name: Kaiser Family Foundation
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Community has enough of various health care providers (5); federal government helps rural areas/large cities more (1); hospital closure in local community (1); commute to various sources of health care (3); worry about coronavirus (COVID-19) (1); protective masks (2); media coverage of coronavirus (1); COVID-19 vaccine distribution (4); distribution of vaccines in local area (1); impact of coronavirus on mental health (1); mental health services (2); personal experiences with COVID-19 vaccination (6); travel to coronavirus vaccination site (1); plans to get vaccinated (16); information about COVID-19 (3); concerns about vaccine (7); employers should/should not be allowed to require vaccination (1); differences in how well the three vaccines work (1); preference for one vaccine over another (5); likelihood of getting vaccinated if former President Donald Trump urged people to get the vaccine (1); voted in 2020 presidential election (2); importance of religion (1); essential worker (3); delayed medical care due to coronavirus (1); source of health care (1); health insurance coverage (2); flu vaccine (1); experience with COVID-19 testing (1); know anyone who has died from coronavirus (2); chronic health conditions (1); political partisanship (2); ideology (1).
MOESM2 of Associations between diet and mental health using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire: cross-sectional and prospective analyses from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study
Creators: name: Choda, Naoki
name: Wakai, Kenji
name: Naito, Mariko
name: Nahomi Imaeda
name: Goto, Chiho
name: Maruyama, Kenta
name: Kadomatsu, Yuka
name: Tsukamoto, Mineko
name: Sasakabe, Tae
name: Kubo, Yoko
name: Okada, Rieko
name: Kawai, Sayo
name: Tamura, Takashi
name: Asahi Hishida
name: Takeuchi, Kenji
name: Atsuyoshi Mori
name: Hamajima, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Baseline characteristics of participants and those dropping out of the prospective study (n = 6697).
On the Creativity of Large Language Models
Creators: name: Franceschelli, Giorgio
name: Musolesi, Mirco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing several areas of Artificial Intelligence. One of the most remarkable applications is creative writing, e.g., poetry or storytelling: the generated outputs are often of astonishing quality. However, a natural question arises: can LLMs be really considered creative? In this article, we first analyze the development of LLMs under the lens of creativity theories, investigating the key open questions and challenges. In particular, we focus our discussion on the dimensions of value, novelty, and surprise as proposed by Margaret Boden in her work. Then, we consider different classic perspectives, namely product, process, press, and person. We discuss a set of ``easy'' and ``hard'' problems in machine creativity, presenting them in relation to LLMs. Finally, we examine the societal impact of these technologies with a particular focus on the creative industries, analyzing the opportunities offered, the challenges arising from them, and the potential associated risks, from both legal and ethical points of view.
description: Published in AI & SOCIETY at https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00146-024-02127-3
COMPARISON OF COW-CALF PRODUCER NET RETURNS AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM CHANGES IN CALVING DISTRIBUTIONS IN THE SOUTHEAST TRANSITION ZONE
Creators: name: Smith, S. Aaron
name: Popp, Michael P.
name: Keeton, Daniel
name: Smith, S. Aaron
name: Popp, Michael P.
name: Keeton, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: GHG
subject: net returns
subject: calving season
subject: pasture management

description: A spreadsheet-based tool that tracks cow-calf producer net returns (NR) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions was used to determine the impact of calving season for three typical farm sizes and four fertilization strategies in Arkansas. Economic and environmental changes were examined for spring, fall, year-round, and profit-maximizing, monthly calving distributions.
New Reducible Five-brane Solutions in M-theory
Creators: name: Clarkson, R.
name: Ghezelbash, A. M.
name: Mann, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct new M-theory solutions of M5 branes that are a realization of the fully localized ten dimensional NS5/D6 and NS5/D5 brane intersections. These solutions are obtained by embedding self-dual geometries lifted to M-theory. We reduce these solutions down to ten dimensions, obtaining new D-brane systems in type IIA/IIB supergravity. The worldvolume theories of the NS5-branes are new non-local, non-gravitational, six dimensional, T-dual little string theories with eight supersymmetries.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, two paragraphs added in conclusions, typos corrected
Integrating Social and Health Care Needs for Singaporeâ€™s Elderly
Creators: name: Elliott Chow,
name: Jean Chia,
Publisher: name: National University of Singapore
Year: 2021
Subjects: Singapore
Intermediate-Long Term Care (ILTC)
elderly
ageing population
Agency for Integrated Care (AIC)
national health integrator

description: The demand for Intermediate-Long Term Care (ILTC) services among Singapore's elderly was expected to rise as the population aged. However policy and service gaps existed between the health care and social service sectors, leading to inadequate follow-up care and at times, readmission to hospitals. The Agency for Integrated Care (AIC) was created in 2008 to ensure that a high standard of ILTC would be affordable and accessible. This case study outlines the circumstances behind the creation and evolution of the AIC from its beginnings as a referral and coordination service, culminating in it assuming the role of a ?national health integrator? for the elderly. It also describes the role of various stakeholders in developing an integrated system of care for the elderly.
Jet Quenching and Radiative Energy Loss in Dense Nuclear Matter
Creators: name: Gyulassy, Miklos
name: Vitev, Ivan
name: Wang, Xin-Nian
name: Zhang, Ben-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent finite opacity approaches (GLV, WW, WOGZ) to the computation of the induced gluon radiative energy loss and their application to the tomographic studies of the density evolution in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions.
description: Review for: Quark Gluon Plasma 3, Editors: R.C. Hwa and X.-N. Wang, World Scientific, Singapore. 69 pages, 28 figures. Final version
MOESM1 of Associations between diet and mental health using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire: cross-sectional and prospective analyses from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study
Creators: name: Choda, Naoki
name: Wakai, Kenji
name: Naito, Mariko
name: Nahomi Imaeda
name: Goto, Chiho
name: Maruyama, Kenta
name: Kadomatsu, Yuka
name: Tsukamoto, Mineko
name: Sasakabe, Tae
name: Kubo, Yoko
name: Okada, Rieko
name: Kawai, Sayo
name: Tamura, Takashi
name: Asahi Hishida
name: Takeuchi, Kenji
name: Atsuyoshi Mori
name: Hamajima, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: STROBE Statementâ€”checklist of items that should be included in reports of observational studies; items are boxed if the recommendations are satisfied.
On the extraction of power-law parts of the probability density functions in star-forming clouds
Creators: name: Veltchev, Todor V.
name: Girichidis, Philipp
name: Donkov, Sava
name: Schneider, Nicola
name: Stanchev, Orlin
name: Marinkova, Lyubov
name: Seifried, Daniel
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new approach to extract the power-law part of a density/column-density probability density function (rho-pdf/N-pdf) in star-forming clouds. It is based on the mathematical method bPLFIT of Virkar & Clauset (2014) and assesses the power-law part of an arbitrary distribution, without any assumptions about the other part of this distribution. The slope and deviation point are derived as averaged values as the number of bins is varied. Neither parameter is sensitive to spikes and other local features of the tail. This adapted bPLFIT method is applied to two different sets of data from numerical simulations of star-forming clouds at scales 0.5 and 500 pc and displays rho-pdf and N-pdf evolution in agreement with a number of numerical and theoretical studies. Applied to Herschel data on the regions Aquila and Rosette, the method extracts pronounced power-law tails, consistent with those seen in simulations of evolved clouds.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 15 pages, 13 figures
title: An Exploratory Study of Older Adults’ Emotions to Social Isolation and Their Coping Activities During COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Samuels, Letrice
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults are advised to remain in their homes and personal spaces since they are at greater risk for COVID-19 related illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths. Health professionals and caregivers are concerned that preventative measures, especially social isolation, may have long-term psychological and age-related effects among older adults. A survey prepared by the Center for Global Health at Old Dominion University, in collaboration with Healthy Chesapeake Inc., assessed social isolation, associated emotions, and daily coping activities of older adults in Chesapeake, Virginia.
Safety Analysis in the Era of Large Language Models: A Case Study of STPA using ChatGPT
Creators: name: Qi, Yi
name: Zhao, Xingyu
name: Khastgir, Siddartha
name: Huang, Xiaowei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Can safety analysis make use of Large Language Models (LLMs)? A case study explores Systems Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) applied to Automatic Emergency Brake (AEB) and Electricity Demand Side Management (DSM) systems using ChatGPT. We investigate how collaboration schemes, input semantic complexity, and prompt guidelines influence STPA results. Comparative results show that using ChatGPT without human intervention may be inadequate due to reliability related issues, but with careful design, it may outperform human experts. No statistically significant differences are found when varying the input semantic complexity or using common prompt guidelines, which suggests the necessity for developing domain-specific prompt engineering. We also highlight future challenges, including concerns about LLM trustworthiness and the necessity for standardisation and regulation in this domain.
description: Under Review
Novel drug targets for treatment of cryptosporidiosis
Creators: name: Beilin Wang
name: Castellanos-Gonzalez, Alejandro
name: A. Clinton White Jr
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology

description: species are protozoan parasites that are important causes of diarrheal disease including waterborne outbreaks, childhood diarrhea in resource-poor countries, and diarrhea in compromised hosts worldwide. Recent studies highlight the importance of cryptosporidiosis in childhood diarrhea, malnutrition, and death in resource-poor countries. Despite this, only a single drug, nitazoxanide, has demonstrated efficacy in human cryptosporidiosis and its efficacy is limited in malnourished children and patients with HIV. In this review, we highlight work on potential targets for chemotherapy and review progress on drug development. A number of new targets have been identified for chemotherapy and progress has been made at developing drugs for these targets. Targets include parasite kinases, nucleic acid synthesis and processing, proteases, and lipid metabolism. Other groups have performed high-throughput screening to identify potential drugs. Several compounds have advanced to large animal studies. Development of drugs for cryptosporidiosis has been plagued by a lack of success. Barriers have included poor correlations between in vitro activity and clinical success as well as frequent unanticipated adverse effects. Without a clear pathway forward, it is wise to maintain a diverse development pipeline. Drug developers should also realize that success will likely require a sustained, methodical effort.
Integral Absorption of Microwave Power by Random-Anisotropy Magnets
Creators: name: Chudnovsky, E. M.
name: Garanin, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study analytically and numerically on lattices containing $10^5$ spins, the integral absorption of microwaves by a random-anisotropy magnet, $\int dωP(ω)$. It scales as $D^2_R/J$ on the random-anisotropy strength $D_R$ and the strength of the ferromagnetic exchange $J$ in low-anisotropy amorphous magnetic materials. At high anisotropy and in low-anisotropy materials sintered of sufficiently large ferromagnetic grains, the integral power scales linearly on $D_R$. The maximum bandwidth, combined with the maximum absorption power, is achieved when the amorphous structure factor, or grain size, is of an order of the domain wall thickness in a conventional ferromagnet that is of the order of $(J/D_R)^{1/2}$ lattice spacings.
description: 9 pages, 5 figure captions
Cavinula variostriata Mann
Creators: name: Cvetkoska, Aleksandra
name: Levkov, Zlatko
name: Hamilton, Paul B.
name: Potapova, Marina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Bacillariophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Naviculales
Cavinulaceae
Cavinula
Cavinula variostriata

description: Cavinula variostriata (Krasske) Mann in Round et al. 1990 (Figs 123, 124)
 Basionym: Navicula variostriata Krasske 1923, 197: 12
Valves linear, with rounded apices. Valve length 30–32 µm, width 7–8 µm. Striae curved and radiate throughout valve length. Stria density 24–27 in 10 µm. Axial area narrow and linear. Central area rectangular to broadly rounded, extending to valve margin with reduced marginal striae. Central area forms a large internally expanded nodule. Raphe linear; proximal raphe fissures externally small teardrop like; internally proximal fissures weakly deflected in opposite directions and terminal fissures ends with small helictoglossae. Distal raphe fissures externally deflected in opposite directions and terminate on valve face. Areolae round to elliptic externally and internally. Internal areolae openings covered by hymen.
 Type:— Hessen, Germany.
 Observations:— This taxon is identified by the linear valve margins, large central area, evident internally expanded central nodule, and the oppositely deflected terminal raphe fissure that do not extend down the mantle.
 Distribution:— Cavinula variostriata occurs in the northern regions of Europe, and North America. In the CANA collection this taxon was identified from 26 localities from Axel Heiberg Island, Ellesmere Island, Baffin Island (Arctic Archipelago), Lac Karinbou (northern Québec) and unnamed lakes in central Ontario. In the USA, C. variostriata was tentatively reported from 13 locations but to date only samples from Murder Creek (New Jersey), Red Mill Pond (Delaware) and Johnson Creek (Montana) have been verified. Specimens from New Jersey and Delaware are more elliptical in shape and the central area is smaller compared to specimens from the Arctic Archipelago. C. variostriata needs a more detailed study in North America.
 Distribution Records:— Lange-Bertalot et al. (1996, fig. 18: 27–30, Europe), Krammer & Lange-Bertalot (1986, fig. 59: 10, 11, Europe), Güttinger (1991, fig. 2.05: 31–34, Great Britain), Foged (1974, fig. 13: 8, 9, Iceland), Potapova (2014, fig. 214, Bering Island, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia).
description: Published as part of Cvetkoska, Aleksandra, Levkov, Zlatko, Hamilton, Paul B. & Potapova, Marina, 2014, The biogeographic distribution of Cavinula (Bacillariophyceae) in North America with the descriptions of two new species, pp. 181-207 in Phytotaxa 184 (4) on page 198, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.184.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5146714
Anomalous spin textures in a 2D topological superconductor induced by point impurities
Creators: name: Martínez, Dunkan
name: Díaz-Fernández, Álvaro
name: Orellana, Pedro A
name: Domínguez-Adame, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological superconductors are foreseen as good candidates for the search of Majorana zero modes, where they appear as edge states and can be used for quantum computation. In this context, it becomes necessary to study the robustness and behavior of electron states in topological superconductors when a magnetic or non-magnetic impurity is present. We focus on scattering resonances in the bands and on spin texture to know what the spin behavior of the electrons in the system will be. We find that the scattering resonances appear outside the superconducting gap, thus providing evidence of topological robustness. We also find non-trivial and anisotropic spin textures related to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. The spin textures show a Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interaction governed by Friedel oscillations. We believe that our results are useful for further studies which consider many-point-impurity scattering or a more structured impurity potential with a finite range.
Emerging therapeutic targets for cardiac arrhythmias: role of STAT3 in regulating cardiac fibroblast function
Creators: name: Patel, Nehal J.
name: Nassal, Drew M.
name: Gratz, Daniel
name: Hund, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Introduction: Cardiac fibrosis contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and arrhythmia. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) are collagen-producing cells that regulate extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis. A complex signaling network has been defined linking environmental stress to changes in CF function and fibrosis. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) has emerged as a critical integrator of pro-fibrotic signals in CFs downstream of several established signaling networks. Areas covered: This article provides an overview of STAT3 function in CFs and its involvement in coordinating a vast web of intracellular pro-fibrotic signaling molecules and transcription factors. We highlight recent work elucidating a critical role for the fibroblast cytoskeleton in maintaining spatial and temporal control of STAT3-related signaling . Finally, we discuss potential opportunities and obstacles for therapeutic targeting of STAT3 to modulate cardiac fibrosis and arrhythmias. Relevant publications on the topic were identified through Pubmed. Expert opinion: Therapeutic targeting of STAT3 for CVD and arrhythmias presents unique challenges and opportunities. Thus, it is critical to consider the multimodal and dynamic nature of STAT3 signaling. Going forward, it will be beneficial to consider ways to maintain balanced STAT3 function, rather than large-scale perturbations in STAT3 function.
Continuum theory of electrostatic-elastic coupling interactions in colloidal crystals
Creators: name: Wu, Hao
name: Ou-Yang, Zhong-Can
name: Podgornik, Rudolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mobile Coulomb gas permeating a fixed background crystalline lattice of charged colloidal crystals is subject to an electrostatic-elastic coupling, which we study on the continuum level by introducing a minimal coupling between electrostatic and displacement fields. We derive linearized, Debye-Hückel-like mean-field equations that can be analytically solved, incorporating the minimal coupling between electrostatic and displacement fields leading to an additional effective attractive interaction between mobile charges that depends in general on the strength of the coupling between the electrostatic and displacement fields. By analyzing the Gaussian fluctuations around the mean-field solution we also identify and quantify the region of its stability in terms of the electrostatic-elastic screening length. This detailed continuum theory incorporating the standard lattice elasticity and electrostatics of mobile charges provides a baseline to investigate the electrostatic-elastic coupling for microscopic models in colloid science and materials science.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Spatially homogeneous solutions of vacuum Einstein equations in general dimensions
Creators: name: Sato, Yuichiro
name: Tsuyuki, Takanao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83E15 (Primary), 53B30 (Secondary)

description: We study time-dependent compactification of extra dimensions. We assume that the spacetime is spatially homogeneous, and solve the vacuum Einstein equations without cosmological constant in more than three dimensions. We consider globally hyperbolic spacetimes in which almost Abelian Lie groups act on the spaces isometrically and simply transitively. We give left-invariant metrics on the spaces and solve Ricci-flat conditions of the spacetimes. In the four-dimensional case, our solutions correspond to the Bianchi type II solution. By our results and previous studies, all spatially homogeneous solutions whose spaces have zero-dimensional moduli spaces of left-invariant metrics are found. For the simplest solution, we show that each of the spatial dimensions cannot expand or contract simultaneously in the late-time it.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
Double Magnetic Transition in Pr0.5Sr0.5CoO3
Creators: name: Mahendiran, R.
name: Schiffer, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report studies of polycrystalline samples of the metallic ferromagnet Pr0.5Sr0.5CoO3 through measurements of the magnetization, a.c. magnetic susceptibility, resistivity, and specific heat. We find an unusual anomaly around TA = 120 K, much below the ferromagnetic transition (TC = 226 K). The anomaly is manifested in field cooled magnetization as a downward step in low fields (H less than or equal to 0.01 T) but is transformed into an upward step for H greater than or equal to 0.05 T. The anomaly cannot be easily attributed to antiferromagnetic ordering, but may correspond to a second ferromagnetic transition or an alteration of the ferromagnetic state associated with orbital ordering.
description: 18 pages including 6 figures
Calculation of the $B\to K_{0,2}^*(1430)f_0(980)/σ$ decays in the Perturbative QCD Approach
Creators: name: Li, Qi-Xin
name: Yang, Lei
name: Zou, Zhi-Tian
name: Li, Ying
name: Liu, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the observations of the decays $B^0 \to K_0^{*}(1430)^0 f_0(980)$ and $ B^0 \to K_2^{*}(1430)^0 f_0(980)$ from BaBar collaboration, we study the $B^{0(+)} \to K_{0,2}^{*}(1430)^{0(+)} f_0(980)/σ$ decays in the perturbative QCD approach for the first time. In the absence of reliable nonperturbative wave functions we only assume the scalar meson $f_0(980)$ and $σ$ are two-quark ground states. In our calculations, these decays are all dominated by the hard-scattering emission and annihilation diagrams, while the factorizable emission diagrams are forbidden or suppressed heavily by the vector decay constants. Furthermore, the branching fractions are sensitive to the mixing between $f_0(980)$ and $σ$. Comparing our results with the experimental data, a large mixing angle $θ$ is favored. Taking $θ=145^\circ$, the orders of branching fractions of $B \to K_0^{*}(1430)^0 σ$, $B \to K_{2}^{*}(1430)^0 σ$ and $B \to K_{0,2}^{*}(1430)^0 f_0(980)$ are predicted to be $10^{-4}$, $10^{-5}$ and $10^{-6}$, respectively, which can be measured in the current experiments such as LHCb and Belle-2. In addition, although these decays are penguin dominant, the mixing also leads to large direct $CP$ asymmetries in these decays. With the precise data in future, our results could shed light on the inner structure of the scalar mesons and can be used to determine the mixing angle of the $σ-f_0(980)$ system.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Awakening from "Sleeping Beauty's" Slumber: Curtain Up for the Human Right to Science
Creators: name: Plozza, Monika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Human Rights
Right to Science

description: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the already fragile situation of vulnerable groups is in a downward spiral. The infringements of the human rights of vulnerable groups stirred by the current crisis are without a doubt manifold and may be addressed via established human rights such as the right to life or health. However, what has been mostly neglected by states until recently is that scientific knowledge and its applications – in short, the right to science – are human rights. The right to science represents a universal human rights provision tucked away at the very end of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). Therefore, this contribution will argue that the right to science is the ultimate normative tool to limit the spread of COVID-19 and overcome the inequalities concerning vulnerable groups.
description: + ID der Publikation: unilu_53891 + Sprache: Englisch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2021-04-15 09:30:06
MOESM1 of Cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript prepropeptide gene (CARTPT) polymorphism interacts with Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and Healthy Eating Index (HEI) to affect hypothalamic hormones and cardio-metabolic risk factors among obese individuals
Creators: name: Mahmoudi-Nezhad, Mahsa
name: Mahdieh Farhangi
name: Houman Kahroba
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. The interaction between HEI (Figure S1) or DQI-I (Figure S2) with anthropometric and biochemical variables according to CARTPT genotype.
The Swampland and Screened Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Brax, Philippe
name: van de Bruck, Carsten
name: Davis, Anne-Christine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the implications of the swampland conjectures on scalar-tensor theories defined in the Einstein frame in which the scalar interaction is screened. We show that chameleon models are not in the swampland provided the coupling to matter is larger than unity and the mass of the scalar field is much larger than the Hubble rate. We apply these conditions to the inverse power law chameleon and the symmetron. We then focus on the dilaton of string theory in the strong coupling limit, as defined in the string frame. We show that solar system tests of gravity imply that viable dilaton models are not in the swampland. In the future of the Universe, if the low energy description with a single scalar is still valid and the coupling to matter remains finite, we find that the scalar field energy density must vanish for models with the chameleon and symmetron mechanisms. Hence in these models dark energy is only a transient phenomenon. This is not the case for the strongly coupled dilaton, which keeps evolving slowly, leading to a quasi de Sitter space-time.
description: 24 pages
Compressibility of a 2D electron gas under microwave radiation
Creators: name: Vavilov, M. G.
name: Dmitriev, I. A.
name: Aleiner, I. L.
name: Mirlin, A. D.
name: Polyakov, D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microwave irradiation of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) produces a non-equilibrium distribution of electrons, and leads to oscillations in the dissipative part of the conductivity. We show that the same non-equilibrium electron distribution induces strong oscillations in the 2DEG compressibility measured by local probes. Local measurements of the compressibility are expected to provide information about the domain structure of the zero resistance state of a 2DEG under microwave radiation.
description: v2: analysis of the wave-vector dependence of the compressibility added; discussion of the Hall conductivity removed (shifted to cond-mat/0409590 in a revised form)
Environmental and Resource Economics: Its Role in Planning Sustainable Development
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: sustainable development
subject: natural resource use

description: Background is provided on the nature of environmental and resource economics and its origins. The main current view of environmental/resource economists about the concept of sustainable development is outlined and the implications of this view for decision-making about optimal resource-use, conservation and development are discussed. On the whole economic •definitions of sustainable development tend to be more restricted, precise and operational than non-economic ones. However, there is room for disagreement about the values which underlie these definitions.