cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reddit Users’ Experiences of Suicidal Thoughts During the COVID-19 Pandemic : A Qualitative Analysis of r/Covid19_support Posts
Creators: name: Slemon, Allie
name: McAuliffe, Corey
name: Goodyear, Trevor
name: McGuinness, Liza
name: Shaffer, Elizabeth
name: Jenkins, Emily (Emily K.), 1981-
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media
Year: 2021

description: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is having considerable impacts on population-level mental health, with research illustrating an increased prevalence in suicidal thoughts due to pandemic stressors. While the drivers of suicidal thoughts amid the pandemic are poorly understood, qualitative research holds great potential for expanding upon projections from pre-pandemic work and nuancing emerging epidemiological data. Despite calls for qualitative inquiry, there is a paucity of qualitative research examining experiences of suicidality related to COVID-19. The use of publicly available data from social media offers timely and pertinent information into ongoing pandemic-related mental health, including individual experiences of suicidal thoughts. Objective: To examine how Reddit users within the r/COVID19_support community describe their experiences of suicidal thoughts amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study draws on online posts from within r/COVID19_support that describe users’ suicidal thoughts during and related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected from creation of this subreddit on February 12, 2020 until December 31, 2020. A qualitative thematic analysis was conducted to generate themes reflecting users’ experiences of suicidal thoughts. Results: A total of 83 posts from 57 users were included in the analysis. Posts described a range of users’ lived and living experiences of suicidal thoughts related to the pandemic, including deterioration in mental health and complex emotions associated with suicidal thinking. Reddit users situated their experiences of suicidal thoughts within various pandemic stressors: social isolation, employment and finances, virus exposure and COVID-19 illness, uncertain timeline of the pandemic, news and social media, pre-existing mental health conditions, and lack of access to mental health resources. Some users described individual coping strategies and supports used in attempt to manage suicidal thoughts, however these were recognized as insufficient for addressing the multilevel stressors of the pandemic. Conclusions: Multiple and intersecting stressors have contributed to individuals’ experiences of suicidal thoughts amid the COVID-19 pandemic, requiring thoughtful and complex public health responses. While ongoing challenges exist with self-disclosure of mental health challenges on social media, Reddit and other online platforms may offer a space for users to share suicidal thoughts and discuss potential coping strategies.
Photon echo in ring cavity: pulse area approach
Creators: name: Moiseev, Sergey A.
name: Urmancheev, Ravil V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulse area approach has been established as a versatile analytical tool for studying the resonant interaction between the light and the resonant atomic ensemble. In recent years photon and spin echoes in cavity assisted schemes become increasingly interesting. In this article we develop the photon echo pulse area approach to describe primary and multi-pulse echo generation in the atomic ensemble placed in the ring cavity. We show that the pulse area approach predicts relative echo magnitudes and whether the system is operating in a single- or a multi-pulse generation regime. We also analyze the conditions needed for the realization of these generation regimes. This work develops the pulse area theorem approach for analytical study of photon/spin echoes in optical and microwave cavities and echo based protocols of quantum memory.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 7 of 3DeFDR: statistical methods for identifying cell type-specific looping interactions in 5C and Hi-C data
Creators: name: Fernandez, Lindsey R.
name: Gilgenast, Thomas G.
name: Phillips-Cremins, Jennifer E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 7. Review history.
A support theorem for parabolic stochastic PDEs with nondegenerate Hölder diffusion coefficients
Creators: name: Han, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we work with parabolic SPDEs of the form
 $$ \partial_t u(t,x)=\partial_x^2 u(t,x)+g(t,x,u)+σ(t,x,u)\dot{W}(t,x)
 $$ with Neumann boundary conditions, where $x\in[0,1]$, $\dot{W}(t,x)$ is the space-time white noise on $(t,x)\in[0,\infty)\times [0,1]$, $g$ is uniformly bounded, and the solution $u\in\mathbb{R}$ is real valued. The diffusion coefficient $σ$ is assumed to be uniformly elliptic but only Hölder continuous in $u$. Previously, support theorems for SPDEs have only been established assuming that $σ$ is Lipschitz continuous in $u$. We obtain new support theorems and small ball probabilities in this $σ$ Hölder continuous case via the recently established sharp two sided estimates of stochastic integrals.
description: 12 pages. To appear in Stochastics and Partial Differential Equations: Analysis and Computations
title: Comparison of Test Methods for Determining the Tensile Strength of Soil and Weak Rocks
Creators: name: Wang, Rong
name: Li, Yanrong
name: Lv, Dongdong
name: Zhao, Weichao
name: Zhang, Chaobo
name: Zachert, Hauke
name: Eichhoff, Gerald
name: Beroya-Eitner, Mary Antonette
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: Tensile strength is a key parameter governing tensile cracking and subsequent failure of soil or rock mass. Existing methods for measuring tensile strength are mainly designed for hard materials and come with inherent problems. As such, they are continuously being adapted and improved by the scientific community. In line with this effort, we recently developed two new tensile test methods for application to soil and weak rocks, namely, the inner hole fracturing test (IHFT) and horizontal compression test (HCT). In this study, we compared the performance of these newly developed methods and the three most commonly used approaches for tensile strength determination, namely, the uniaxial direct tensile test (UDTT), Brazilian test (BT) and three-point bending test (TPBT). Results show that IHFT and HCT exhibit distinct advantages over the three conventional methods when testing soil and weak rocks: first, IHFT and HCT can overcome the eccentric force problem that is a main challenge in UDTT and BT, and second, results obtained from these tests are highly reproducible and stable. Between IHFT and HCT, the latter is found more suitable for routine laboratory testing because of simpler and easier procedure, more stable and reliable results and uniform stress distribution within specimens.
Gefahrstoffinformationen an Ort und Stelle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Datenbank
Chemie

description: Die Gefahrstoffschnellauskunft unterstützt seit über 25 Jahren Einsatzkräfte deutschlandweit bei der Abwehr von Gefahren durch Chemikalien. Die in der Datenbank hinterlegten Informationen können aktuell je nach Einsatzsituation aus 4 technisch unabhängigen Rechercheoberflächen (GSA-Produkte) abgerufen werden. Im Zuge der Modernisierung des zugrunde liegenden Chemikalieninformationssystems ChemInfo werden die einzelnen GSA-Produkte technisch harmonisiert, um eine einheitliche und einfache Aktualisierung von Daten und Anpassung von Nutzeroberflächen zu ermöglichen. Damit soll die informationstechnische Unterstützung am Einsatzort weiter verbessert werden. © 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
title: Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° ÑÐ³Ð»ÐµÐºÐ¸ÑÐ»Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸ Ð¼Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¸Ð¸
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Development of a low-power carbon dioxide plant for electricity generation
Creators: name: Ð¨Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð², ÐÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¼
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ð­Ð»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¸Ñ
Ð¢ÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ñ

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑÐ¿ÐµÐ½Ð¸ Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð¼ ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð¼ s-CO2 Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð° ÐÐÐ-20. Ð¦ÐµÐ»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ â Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð° Ð¿ÑÑÑÐ¼ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÐµÐ»Ð°. ÐÐ°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ: Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±Ð·Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð½Ð° ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ s-CO2 ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ»Ð° ÐÑÐ°Ð¹ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð°, Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð½ÑÐ° ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸, Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÐÐÐ Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð¼ ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð¼ s-CO2, Ð³Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÐÐÐ Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð¼ ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð¼ s-CO2, Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð»ÐµÑÐ° ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÐÐÐ Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð¼ ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð¼ s-CO2.
description: In this masters thesis, a turbine stage with an s-CO2 working fluid based on the MDG-20 prototype turbine is investigated. Tasks that were solved during the research: Conducting a literature review on the topic of the s-CO2 of the Brayton cycle. Selection and calculation of the thermal scheme of the turbine plant. Gas dynamic calculation of a turbine of the LPI design with a working fluid s-CO2. A study on the strength of the impeller of the LPI design with a working fluid s-CO2.
Additional file 3 of 3DeFDR: statistical methods for identifying cell type-specific looping interactions in 5C and Hi-C data
Creators: name: Fernandez, Lindsey R.
name: Gilgenast, Thomas G.
name: Phillips-Cremins, Jennifer E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. 3DeFDR criteria for differential loop classification.
Advanced Techniques in 2D to 3D Projection and Higher-Dimensional Extrapolation ApplicationsProjection and Higher-Dimensional Extrapolation: Applications in Virtual World Population
Creators: name: khandelwal, yasha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 490201
subject: Algebraic structures in mathematical physics
classificationCode: 460201
subject: Artificial life and complex adaptive systems
classificationCode: 460304
subject: Computer vision
classificationCode: 460702
subject: Computer graphics
classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460501
subject: Data engineering and data science
classificationCode: 460303
subject: Computational imaging
classificationCode: 490299
subject: Mathematical physics not elsewhere classified

description: This paper presents a comprehensive mathematical framework for transforming 2D data into 3D structures and explores the feasibility of extending these projections into higher-dimensional spaces for virtual world applications. Using manifold learning, advanced matrix transformations, and dimensionality reduction techniques, we examine how 2D data can be effectively mapped to 3D and 4D spaces to simulate immersive, realistic environments. This research highlights mathematical operations that underpin these projections, alongside a hypothetical extrapolation to non-Euclidean higher dimensions, showcasing potential for advanced virtual environment modelling and simulations.
Research Paper
Creators: name: khandelwal, yasha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 490201
subject: Algebraic structures in mathematical physics
classificationCode: 460201
subject: Artificial life and complex adaptive systems
classificationCode: 460304
subject: Computer vision
classificationCode: 460702
subject: Computer graphics
classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460501
subject: Data engineering and data science
classificationCode: 460303
subject: Computational imaging
classificationCode: 490299
subject: Mathematical physics not elsewhere classified

description: This paper presents a comprehensive mathematical framework for transforming 2D data into 3D structures and explores the feasibility of extending these projections into higher-dimensional spaces for virtual world applications. Using manifold learning, advanced matrix transformations, and dimensionality reduction techniques, we examine how 2D data can be effectively mapped to 3D and 4D spaces to simulate immersive, realistic environments. This research highlights mathematical operations that underpin these projections, alongside a hypothetical extrapolation to non-Euclidean higher dimensions, showcasing potential for advanced virtual environment modelling and simulations.
Additional file 1 of Phenotyping Root Systems in a Set of Japonica Rice Accessions: Can Structural Traits Predict the Response to Drought?
Creators: name: Guimarães, Paulo Henrique Ramos
name: Lima, Isabela Pereira De
name: Castro, Adriano Pereira De
name: Lanna, Anna Cristina
name: Melo, Patrícia Guimarães Santos
name: Raïssac, Marcel De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Fig. S1. Geographical origin of the 20 tropical japonica rice accessions from the tropical japonica panel evaluated at SITIS.
High-dose intravenous hydromorphone for patients who use opioids in the hospital setting: time to reduce the barriers
Creators: name: Labonté, Laura
name: Young, Samantha
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2021

description: Abstract Individuals who use opioids have higher rates of hospitalization compared to the general population. Insufficiently treated withdrawal and pain are major factors contributing to high rates of self-initiated hospital discharges (also referred to as leaving against medical advice) in this population. While injectable opioid agonist therapy is limited or unavailable in the majority of Canadian communities, intravenous hydromorphone (IV HM) is widely available in the hospital setting and high-dose IV HM may be a useful treatment adjunct to improve comfort and engagement in inpatient care for some individuals who use opioids. However, major barriers to its use exist including lack of comfort amongst healthcare providers and hospital policies restricting administration. In this commentary, we highlight the potential usefulness of high-dose IV HM as a treatment adjunct for individuals who use opioids in the hospital setting and advocate for expanded hospital policies to facilitate its use.
Additional file 2 of Phenotyping Root Systems in a Set of Japonica Rice Accessions: Can Structural Traits Predict the Response to Drought?
Creators: name: Guimarães, Paulo Henrique Ramos
name: Lima, Isabela Pereira De
name: Castro, Adriano Pereira De
name: Lanna, Anna Cristina
name: Melo, Patrícia Guimarães Santos
name: Raïssac, Marcel De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Fig. S2. Meteorological conditions over experimental time. (DOCX 210 kb)
Additional file 3 of Phenotyping Root Systems in a Set of Japonica Rice Accessions: Can Structural Traits Predict the Response to Drought?
Creators: name: Guimarães, Paulo Henrique Ramos
name: Lima, Isabela Pereira De
name: Castro, Adriano Pereira De
name: Lanna, Anna Cristina
name: Melo, Patrícia Guimarães Santos
name: Raïssac, Marcel De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Fig. S3. Principal Component Analysis representation (plan 1-2) on the eight selected root traits among 17 rice accessions grown under irrigated conditions.
Additional file 5 of Phenotyping Root Systems in a Set of Japonica Rice Accessions: Can Structural Traits Predict the Response to Drought?
Creators: name: Guimarães, Paulo Henrique Ramos
name: Lima, Isabela Pereira De
name: Castro, Adriano Pereira De
name: Lanna, Anna Cristina
name: Melo, Patrícia Guimarães Santos
name: Raïssac, Marcel De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Fig. S5. Radar chart for the different root system profiles under irrigated conditions. Each circle represents 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of variability found for each variable by the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA).
Additional file 6 of Phenotyping Root Systems in a Set of Japonica Rice Accessions: Can Structural Traits Predict the Response to Drought?
Creators: name: Guimarães, Paulo Henrique Ramos
name: Lima, Isabela Pereira De
name: Castro, Adriano Pereira De
name: Lanna, Anna Cristina
name: Melo, Patrícia Guimarães Santos
name: Raïssac, Marcel De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Fig. S6 Cumulative root volume of the 17 accessions. Root volume was measured by 4 cm layers from 60 cm depth to soil surface.
Additional file 4 of Phenotyping Root Systems in a Set of Japonica Rice Accessions: Can Structural Traits Predict the Response to Drought?
Creators: name: Guimarães, Paulo Henrique Ramos
name: Lima, Isabela Pereira De
name: Castro, Adriano Pereira De
name: Lanna, Anna Cristina
name: Melo, Patrícia Guimarães Santos
name: Raïssac, Marcel De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Fig. S4. Hierarchical Classification Analysis on the eight selected root traits among 17 rice accessions grown under irrigated conditions. The 17 rice accessions were assigned to one of the five general clusters (Cluster I, Cluster II, Cluster III, Cluster IV and Cluster V). The eight root traits were the same as those used for the PCA in Table 3.
Implications of chatbot implementation on consumer sentiment and expectations towards service quality in consumer services
Creators: name: Tran, Anh
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Retailers are increasingly using conversational AI (chatbots) for customer service. Yet our understanding of how consumers perceive interactions with chatbots and how these interactions may influence other consumer service programs, remains limited. This research aims to tackle the existing knowledge gap by investigating (1) the differences in consumers' sentiments towards chatbots across retail sectors, (2) consumers' need for human touch during chatbot interactions and (3) the influence chatbots have on consumers' sentiments and expectations toward other service interactions with online human agents.
title: Horizontal Compression Test: A Proposed Method for Indirect Determination of Tensile Strength of Stiff Soils and Soft Rocks
Creators: name: Guan, Fanfan
name: Li, Yanrong
name: Gao, Guohong
name: Zachert, Hauke
name: Eichhoff, Gerald
name: Beroya-Eitner, Mary Antonette
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: Tensile strength is an important parameter in many engineering applications. In loess slopes, for instance, it governs the development and propagation of tension cracks that usually ultimately lead to crack–sliding and toppling failures, which are among the most common modes of slope failure in the Loess Plateau of China. Reliable measurement of tensile strength of geomaterial is therefore a necessity. Commonly used methods for tensile strength measurement have important limitations and shortcomings, which become magnified when dealing with soil and soft rock. This study developed a new indirect tensile test, the Horizontal Compression test, for use with these materials. The proposed method not only involves simple sample preparation and test operation, it also addresses the eccentric force and stress concentration problems that are common in conventional tensile tests. To evaluate the method’s validity, its performance was compared with the ISRM-suggested direct tensile test and the closely related Brazilian test. The tensile strength values from the horizontal compression test strongly correlate with those from the direct tension test, and are more stable than those obtained with either of the two conventional tests. Thus, the proposed method can be used and deemed more suitable for tensile strength determination than these conventional test methods.
DEVICE: Depth and Visual Concepts Aware Transformer for OCR-based Image Captioning
Creators: name: Xu, Dongsheng
name: Huang, Qingbao
name: Zhang, Xingmao
name: Cheng, Haonan
name: Shuang, Feng
name: Cai, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: OCR-based image captioning is an important but under-explored task, aiming to generate descriptions containing visual objects and scene text. Recent studies have made encouraging progress, but they are still suffering from a lack of overall understanding of scenes and generating inaccurate captions. One possible reason is that current studies mainly focus on constructing the plane-level geometric relationship of scene text without depth information. This leads to insufficient scene text relational reasoning so that models may describe scene text inaccurately. The other possible reason is that existing methods fail to generate fine-grained descriptions of some visual objects. In addition, they may ignore essential visual objects, leading to the scene text belonging to these ignored objects not being utilized. To address the above issues, we propose a Depth and Visual Concepts Aware Transformer (DEVICE) for OCR-based image captinong. Concretely, to construct three-dimensional geometric relations, we introduce depth information and propose a depth-enhanced feature updating module to ameliorate OCR token features. To generate more precise and comprehensive captions, we introduce semantic features of detected visual concepts as auxiliary information, and propose a semantic-guided alignment module to improve the model's ability to utilize visual concepts. Our DEVICE is capable of comprehending scenes more comprehensively and boosting the accuracy of described visual entities. Sufficient experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed DEVICE, which outperforms state-of-the-art models on the TextCaps test set.
description: 13pages, 8figures. This work has been published in Pattern Recognition
Straglr: discovering and genotyping tandem repeat expansions using whole genome long-read sequences
Creators: name: Chiu, Readman
name: Rajan-Babu, Indhu-Shree
name: Friedman, J. M. (Jan Marshall), 1947-
name: Birol, Inanc
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2021

description: Tandem repeat (TR) expansion is the underlying cause of over 40 neurological disorders. Long-read sequencing offers an exciting avenue over conventional technologies for detecting TR expansions. Here, we present Straglr, a robust software tool for both targeted genotyping and novel expansion detection from long-read alignments. We benchmark Straglr using various simulations, targeted genotyping data of cell lines carrying expansions of known diseases, and whole genome sequencing data with chromosome-scale assembly. Our results suggest that Straglr may be useful for investigating disease-associated TR expansions using long-read sequencing.
Graphene-Quantum Dot Hybrid Photodetectors from 200 mm Wafer Scale Processing
Creators: name: Li, Sha
name: Wang, Zhenxing
name: Robertz, Bianca
name: Neumaier, Daniel
name: Txoperena, Oihana
name: Maestre, Arantxa
name: Zurutuza, Amaia
name: Bower, Chris
name: Rushton, Ashley
name: Liu, Yinglin
name: Harris, Chris
name: Bessonov, Alexander
name: Malik, Surama
name: Allen, Mark
name: Medina-Salazar, Ivonne
name: Ryhänen, Tapani
name: Lemme, Max C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A 200 mm processing platform for the large-scale production of graphene field-effect transistor-quantum dot (GFET-QD) hybrid photodetectors is demonstrated. Comprehensive statistical analysis of electric data shows a high yield (96%) and low variation of the 200 mm scale fabrication. The GFET-QD devices deliver responsivities of 10${^5}$ - 10${^6}$ V/W in a wavelength range from 400 to 1800 nm, at up to 100 frames per second. Spectral sensitivity compares well to that obtained using similar GFET-QD photodetectors. The device concept enables gate-tunable suppression or enhancement of the photovoltage, which may be exploited for electric shutter operation by toggling between the signal capture and shutter states. The devices show good stability at a wide operation range and external quantum efficiency of 20% in the short-wavelength infrared range. Furthermore, an integration solution with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology is presented to realize image-sensor-array chips and a proof-of-concept image system. This work demonstrates the potential for the volume manufacture of infrared photodetectors for a wide range of imaging applications.
description: 29 pages
Impact of river reconstruction on groundwater flow during bank filtration assessed by transient three-dimensional modelling of flow and heat transport
Creators: name: Gräff, Thomas
name: Wang, Wei-Shi
name: Oswald, Sascha E.
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uferfiltration

description: Bank filtration (BF) is an established indirect water-treatment technology. The quality of water gained via BF depends on the subsurface capture zone, the mixing ratio (river water versus ambient groundwater), spatial and temporal distribution of subsurface travel times, and subsurface temperature patterns. Surface-water infiltration into the adjacent aquifer is determined by the local hydraulic gradient and riverbed permeability, which could be altered by natural clogging, scouring and artificial decolmation processes. The seasonal behaviour of a BF system in Germany, and its development during and about 6 months after decolmation (canal reconstruction), was observed with a long-term monitoring programme. To quantify the spatial and temporal variation in the BF system, a transient flow and heat transport model was implemented and two model scenarios, 'with' and 'without' canal reconstruction, were generated. Overall, the simulated water heads and temperatures matched those observed. Increased hydraulic connection between the canal and aquifer caused by the canal reconstruction led to an increase of ~23% in the already high share of BF water abstracted by the nearby waterworks. Subsurface travel-time distribution substantially shifted towards shorter travel times. Flow paths with travel times <200 days increased by ~10% and those with <300 days by 15%. Generally, the periodic temperature signal, and the summer and winter temperature extrema, increased and penetrated deeper into the aquifer. The joint hydrological and thermal effects caused by the canal reconstruction might increase the potential of biodegradable compounds to further penetrate into the aquifer, also by potentially affecting the redox zonation in the aquifer. © 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Additional file 7 of Phenotyping Root Systems in a Set of Japonica Rice Accessions: Can Structural Traits Predict the Response to Drought?
Creators: name: Guimarães, Paulo Henrique Ramos
name: Lima, Isabela Pereira De
name: Castro, Adriano Pereira De
name: Lanna, Anna Cristina
name: Melo, Patrícia Guimarães Santos
name: Raïssac, Marcel De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Fig. S7 Bar plots and standard error of the eight selected root traits for each accession under two water conditions. Fine root length (FRL20), thick root length (TRL40 and TRL60), branching index (BI40), thick root diameter (DIAM _ TR60), coefficient of maintenance for fine roots between 40 and 60 cm ( α FR L 40 _ 60 $$ {\alpha}_{FR{L}_{40\_60}} $$ ), thick root diameter reduction between 20 and 60 cm ( RED T R 20 60 $$ {RED}_{T{R}_{20_{60}}} $$ ) and total root volume (TOTVOL). Values are means of three replicates ± SD.
Addressing Contemporary Issues in Correctional Risk Assessment Through the Dynamic Risk Assessment for Offender Re-entry
Creators: name: Coulter, Darcy
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This thesis examined three critical issues in assessing risk of recidivism for people on community-based corrections orders (e.g. parole). Using large samples of people on parole in Aotearoa New Zealand and Victoria, Australia, this thesis examined how risk and needs language can be standardised, the cross-ethnicity performance of risk assessment tools, and how to appropriately measure and incorporate changes in risk factors. All studies focussed on the Dynamic Risk Assessment for Offender Re-entry (DRAOR), a case-management tool used by community corrections supervision officers. Results from this thesis will assist in improving correctional risk and needs assessment practices.
Shaping Change: Applying speculative natural philosophy of design to the environmental crisis
Creators: name: Wilding, William Lyons
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: 'Shaping Change' argues materialistic concepts have separated humans from nature, but participatory philosophy in design can help them reintegrate themselves into complex ecologies. It outlines the mechanical philosophy that conceals this situation, and it articulates relational philosophy to reveal alternatives to it. Adopting a dialectical approach, it aligns process philosophers such as Schelling, Heidegger and Peirce with design thinkers such as Alexander, Schön and Dorst. It provides a speculative metaphysical basis for philosophical, methodological and historical design research, and environmental, social and interactive design practice. Embracing phenomenology and pragmatism, it contends humans can redesign their socio-economic pathways into the future.
Ewing Sarcoma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Impair Dendritic Cell Maturation and Function
Creators: name: Gassmann, Hendrik
name: Schneider, Kira
name: Evdokimova, Valentina
name: Ruzanov, Peter
name: Schober, Sebastian J.
name: Xue, Busheng
name: Von Heyking, Kristina
name: Thiede, Melanie
name: Richter, Guenther H. S.
name: Pfaffl, Michael W.
name: Noessner, Elfriede
name: Stein, Lincoln D.
name: Sorensen, Poul H.
name: Burdach, Stefan
name: Thiel, Uwe
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2021

description: Ewing sarcoma (EwS) is an aggressive pediatric cancer of bone and soft tissues characterized by scant T cell infiltration and predominance of immunosuppressive myeloid cells. Given the important roles of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in cancer-host crosstalk, we hypothesized that EVs secreted by EwS tumors target myeloid cells and promote immunosuppressive phenotypes. Here, EVs were purified from EwS and fibroblast cell lines and exhibited characteristics of small EVs, including size (100–170 nm) and exosome markers CD63, CD81, and TSG101. Treatment of healthy donor-derived CD33+ and CD14+ myeloid cells with EwS EVs but not with fibroblast EVs induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release, including IL-6, IL-8, and TNF. Furthermore, EwS EVs impaired differentiation of these cells towards monocytic-derived dendritic cells (moDCs), as evidenced by reduced expression of co-stimulatory molecules CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR. Whole transcriptome analysis revealed activation of gene expression programs associated with immunosuppressive phenotypes and pro-inflammatory responses. Functionally, moDCs differentiated in the presence of EwS EVs inhibited CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation as well as IFNγ release, while inducing secretion of IL-10 and IL-6. Therefore, EwS EVs may promote a local and systemic pro-inflammatory environment and weaken adaptive immunity by impairing the differentiation and function of antigen-presenting cells.
Additional file 15 of Similar patterns of genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium in Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and humans indicate highly conserved mechanisms of MHC molecular evolution
Creators: name: Vangenot, Christelle
name: Nunes, José Manuel
name: Doxiadis, Gaby M.
name: Poloni, Estella S.
name: Bontrop, Ronald E.
name: Groot, Natasja G. De
name: Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 15. Additional Table S15. Percentages of shared allelic frequencies between chimpanzee cohorts at different Patr loci.
Topological Mixed Valence Model for Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Lau, Liam L. H.
name: Coleman, Piers
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Song and Bernevig (SB) have recently proposed a topological heavy fermion description of the physics of magic angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG), involving the hybridization of flat band electrons with a relativistic conduction sea. We explore the consequences of this model, seeking a synthesis of understanding drawn from heavy fermion physics and MATBG experiments. We identify a key discrepancy between measured and calculated onsite Coulomb interactions, implicating renormalization effects that are not contained in the current model. With these considerations in mind, we consider an SB model with a single, renormalized onsite interaction between the f-electrons, containing a phenomenological heavy fermion binding potential on the moiré AA-sites. This feature allows the simplified model to capture the periodic reset of the chemical potential with filling and the observed stability of local moment behavior. We argue that a two stage Kondo effect will develop in MATBG as a consequence of the relativistic conduction band: Kondo I occurs at high temperatures, establishing a coherent hybridization at the $Γ$ points and a non-Fermi liquid of incoherent fermions at the moiré K-points; at much low temperatures Kondo II leads to a Fermi liquid in the flat band. Utilizing an auxiliary-rotor approach, we formulate a mean-field treatment of MATBG that captures this physics, describing the evolution of the normal state across a full range of filling factors. By contrasting the relative time-scales of phonons and valence fluctuations in bulk heavy fermion materials with that of MATBG we propose a valley-polaron origin to the Coulomb renormalization and the heavy fermion binding potential identified from experiment. We also discuss the possibility that the two-fluid, non-Fermi liquid physics of the relativistic Kondo lattice is responsible for the strange metal physics observed in MATBG.
description: Published in Physical Review X which emphasizes: discrepancy between theoretical and experimental onsite U; emergent f-electron potential phenomenologically introduced to model the chemical potential resets; auxiliary rotor mean-field method to capture the normal state physics; and two temperature scales in the system due to two competing fixed points. 18+7 pages, 23+3 figures
title: Experimental Comparison of Fiducial Markers Used in Proton Therapy: Study of Different Imaging Modalities and Proton Fluence Perturbations Measured With CMOS Pixel Sensors
Creators: name: Reidel, Claire-Anne
name: Horst, Felix
name: Schuy, Christoph
name: Jäkel, Oliver
name: Ecker, Swantje
name: Henkner, Katrin
name: Brons, Stephan
name: Durante, Marco
name: Weber, Uli
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: Fiducial markers are used for image guidance to verify the correct positioning of the target for the case of tumors that can suffer interfractional motion during proton therapy. The markers should be visible on daily imaging, but at the same time, they should produce minimal streak artifacts in the CT scans for treatment planning and induce only slight dose perturbations during particle therapy. In this work, these three criteria were experimentally investigated at the Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy Center. Several small fiducial markers with different geometries and materials (gold, platinum, and carbon-coated ZrO₂) were evaluated. The streak artifacts on treatment planning CT were measured with and without iMAR correction, showing significantly smaller artifacts from markers lighter than 6 mg and a clear improvement with iMAR correction. Daily imaging as X-ray projections and in-room mobile CT were also performed. Markers heavier than 6 mg showed a better contrast in the X-ray projections, whereas on the images from the in-room mobile CT, all markers were clearly visible. In the other part of this work, fluence perturbations of proton beams were measured for the same markers by using a tracker system of several high spatial resolution CMOS pixel sensors. The measurements were performed for single-energy beams, as well as for a spread-out Bragg peak. Three-dimensional fluence distributions were computed after reconstructing all particle trajectories. These measurements clearly showed that the ZrO₂ markers and the low-mass gold/platinum markers (0.35mm diameter) induce perturbations being 2–3 times lower than the heavier gold or platinum markers of 0.5mm diameter. Monte Carlo simulations, using the FLUKA code, were used to compute dose distributions and showed good agreement with the experimental data after adjusting the phase space of the simulated proton beam compared to the experimental beam.
Additional file 17 of Similar patterns of genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium in Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and humans indicate highly conserved mechanisms of MHC molecular evolution
Creators: name: Vangenot, Christelle
name: Nunes, José Manuel
name: Doxiadis, Gaby M.
name: Poloni, Estella S.
name: Bontrop, Ronald E.
name: Groot, Natasja G. De
name: Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 17: Additional Figure S1. Genetic diversity in chimpanzees (pooled cohort) and humans (multiple populations). A) Allelic richness B) heterozygosity, C) nucleotide diversity at each locus under study for the pooled cohort of chimpanzees (in red empty circle) and for the human populations (in blue) represented as violin plots; An average number of k = 70 (s.d 15.9) human population samples of average size N = 109.2 (s.d 17.31) were used. The width of the violin varies so as to represent the probability density of the data, the thick blue bar in the centre represents the interquartile range, the thin black line extended from it represents the 95% confidence intervals, and the green dot is the median. The MHC loci are presented according to their position on the chromosome from the centromere (left) to the telomere (right).
Additional file 10 of Similar patterns of genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium in Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and humans indicate highly conserved mechanisms of MHC molecular evolution
Creators: name: Vangenot, Christelle
name: Nunes, José Manuel
name: Doxiadis, Gaby M.
name: Poloni, Estella S.
name: Bontrop, Ronald E.
name: Groot, Natasja G. De
name: Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10: Additional Table S10. Nucleotide diversity (П) at Patr loci and other genomic regions in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes subspecies) and bonobos (Pan paniscus).
Additional file 3 of Similar patterns of genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium in Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and humans indicate highly conserved mechanisms of MHC molecular evolution
Creators: name: Vangenot, Christelle
name: Nunes, José Manuel
name: Doxiadis, Gaby M.
name: Poloni, Estella S.
name: Bontrop, Ronald E.
name: Groot, Natasja G. De
name: Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Additional Table S3. Genetic diversity at different Patr genes in chimpanzees (multiple cohorts and in the pooled cohort). ar: allelic richness; H: heterozygosity; П: nucleotide diversity; −: data not available; the values of this table were used in Fig. 2.
Development and Evaluation of Deep Learning Predictive Traffic Intelligence Models
Creators: name: Abduljabbar, Rusul
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The aim of the thesis is to demonstrate the feasibility of predicting traffic conditions up to 60 minutes into the future during free flow and high congestion times. The accurate system can identify total hours lost from delays, Increase productivity and economic activity due to the reduction of wasted time spent in traffic and reduce the amount of CO2 Greenhouse Gas emissions created during delays that could have been avoided. Thus, it can create smarter, safer, and more productive journeys for customers, and increase the efficiency of existing assets.
Additional file 19 of Similar patterns of genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium in Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and humans indicate highly conserved mechanisms of MHC molecular evolution
Creators: name: Vangenot, Christelle
name: Nunes, José Manuel
name: Doxiadis, Gaby M.
name: Poloni, Estella S.
name: Bontrop, Ronald E.
name: Groot, Natasja G. De
name: Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 19: Additional Figure S3. Genetic diversity in chimpanzees (multiple cohorts) and humans (multiple populations) averaged by geographic regions. A) Allelic richness B) heterozygosity, C) nucleotide diversity at each locus under study for each cohort of chimpanzees and for the human populations where samples are grouped by geographic regions; The values calculated for each chimpanzee cohort are indicated by filled and unfilled shapes in red for cohorts of wild-born and captive-born chimpanzees, respectively; for the human populations, each region is represented by a triangle of different colour as defined in legend. The MHC loci are presented according to their position on the chromosome from the centromere (left) to the telomere (right).
Concept, possibilities and pilot-testing of a new smartphone application for the social and life sciences to study human behavior including validation data from personality psychology
Creators: name: Montag, Christian
name: Baumeister, Harald
name: Kannen, Christopher
name: Sariyska, Rayna
name: Meßner, Eva-Maria
name: Brand, Matthias
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Smartphone use
subject: Digital phenotyping
subject: Mobile sensing
subject: Psychoinformatics
subject: Personality
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: DDC 150 / Psychology

description: With the advent of the World Wide Web, the smartphone and the Internet of Things, not only society but also the sciences are rapidly changing. In particular, the social sciences can profit from these digital developments, because now scientists have the power to study real-life human behavior via smartphones and other devices connected to the Internet of Things on a large-scale level. Although this sounds easy, scientists often face the problem that no practicable solution exists to participate in such a new scientific movement, due to a lack of an interdisciplinary network. If so, the development time of a new product, such as a smartphone application to get insights into human behavior takes an enormous amount of time and resources. Given this problem, the present work presents an easy way to use a smartphone application, which can be applied by social scientists to study a large range of scientific questions. The application provides measurements of variables via tracking smartphone–use patterns, such as call behavior, application use (e.g., social media), GPS and many others. In addition, the presented Android-based smartphone application, called Insights, can also be used to administer self-report questionnaires for conducting experience sampling and to search for co-variations between smartphone usage/smartphone data and self-report data. Of importance, the present work gives a detailed overview on how to conduct a study using an application such as Insights, starting from designing the study, installing the application to analyzing the data. In the present work, server requirements and privacy issues are also discussed. Furthermore, first validation data from personality psychology are presented. Such validation data are important in establishing trust in the applied technology to track behavior. In sum, the aim of the present work is (i) to provide interested scientists a short overview on how to conduct a study with smartphone app tracking technology, (ii) to present the features of the designed smartphone application and (iii) to demonstrate its validity with a proof of concept study, hence correlating smartphone usage with personality measures.
A nearly optimal explicitly-sparse representation for oscillatory kernels with curvelet-like functions
Creators: name: Cao, Yanchuang
name: Liu, Jun
name: Chen, Dawei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A nearly optimal explicitly-sparse representation for oscillatory kernels is presented in this work by developing a curvelet based method. Multilevel curvelet-like functions are constructed as the transform of the original nodal basis. Then the system matrix in a new non-standard form is derived with respect to the curvelet basis, which would be nearly optimally sparse due to the directional low rank property of the oscillatory kernel. Its sparsity is further enhanced via a-posteriori compression. Finally its nearly optimial log-linear computational complexity with controllable accuracy is demonstrated with numerical results. This explicitly-sparse representation is expected to lay ground to future work related to fast direct solvers and effective preconditioners for high frequency problems. It may also be viewed as the generalization of wavelet based methods to high frequency cases, and used as a new wideband fast algorithm for wave problems.
Additional file 6 of Similar patterns of genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium in Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and humans indicate highly conserved mechanisms of MHC molecular evolution
Creators: name: Vangenot, Christelle
name: Nunes, José Manuel
name: Doxiadis, Gaby M.
name: Poloni, Estella S.
name: Bontrop, Ronald E.
name: Groot, Natasja G. De
name: Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Additional Table S6. Proportion of haplotypes in significant linkage disequilibrium (LD) in chimpanzees (BPRC cohort) and humans (multiple populations, further subdivided into RGD and SGD populations).