cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Variability of the proton-to-electron mass ratio on cosmological scales
Creators: name: Wendt, Martin
name: Reimers, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: So far the only seemingly significant indication of a cosmological variation exists for the proton-to-electron mass ratio as stated by Reinhold et al. (2006). The measured indication of variation is based on the combined analysis of H2 absorption systems in the spectra of Q0405-443 and Q0347-383 at z=2.595 and z=3.025, respectively. The high resolution data of the latter is reanalyzed in this work to examine the influence of different fitting procedures and further potential nonconformities. This analysis cannot reproduce the significance achieved by the previous detection.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, as to appear in EPJ special - ACFC 2007 conference proceedings
Multi-objectvice optimization for cost-optimal energy retrofitting: from the single building to a stock
Creators: name: Mauro, Gerardo Maria
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: The energy retrofitting of the existing building stock is a key strategy to achieve tangible results in the reduction of worldwide energy consumption and, thus, polluting emissions. However, the path is very challenging. Indeed, the design of the building energy retrofit is a complex and arduous task, which involves two distinct perspectives: the collective (state) one, interested in energy savings, and the private (single building) one, interested in economic benefits.
The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive Recast (2010/31/EU) aims to harmonize such perspectives by prescribing the cost-optimal analysis in order to detect the best packages of energy retrofit measures.  This procedure yields a series of critical, still-open questions that have aroused a heated discussion in the scientific community. Among them, the main questions, identified in this study, can be outlined as follows: How to perform a reliable cost-optimal analysis of the retrofit measures for a single building? How to achieve global indications about the cost-optimality of energy retrofitting the existing building stock? How to evaluate the global cost of a building with a minimum computational time and a good reliability? A definitive and robust answer to these questions is fundamental to overcome the main obstacle to the large diffusion of the cost-optimal retrofitting practice. Such obstacle can be summarized in a last crucial question that includes the previous ones: How to perform a reliable, fast, 'ad hoc' cost-optimal analysis of the energy retrofit measures for each building of the stock? So far, the scientific literature did not propose a full and complete response to such critical questions.
This thesis aims to provide a thorough answer to the aforementioned questions, by means of an original approach that handles all the issues involved in a robust and reliable cost-optimal analysis, achievable for every single building with an acceptable computational burden and complexity.
Three novel methodologies (CAMO, SLABE, building energy simulation by ANNs) have been developed for proposing a complete response to the first three questions and, then, they are combined in a macro multi-stage methodology (CASA) that solves the final fundamental question, which represents the last step towards a wide-spread cost-optimal building retrofitting. The methodologies are tested by means of the application to different case studies. CASA is a step towards sustainability.
Maximum power, ecological function and efficiency of an irreversible Carnot cycle. A cost and effectiveness optimization
Creators: name: Aragon-Gonzalez, G
name: Canales-Palma, A.
name: Leon-Galicia, A.
name: Morales-Gomez, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we include, for the Carnot cycle, irreversibilities of linear finite rate of heat transferences between the heat engine and its reservoirs, heat leak between the reservoirs and internal dissipations of the working fluid. A first optimization of the power output, the efficiency and ecological function of an irreversible Carnot cycle, with respect to: internal temperature ratio, time ratio for the heat exchange and the allocation ratio of the heat exchangers; is performed. For the second and third optimizations, the optimum values for the time ratio and internal temperature ratio are substituted into the equation of power and, then, the optimizations with respect to the cost and effectiveness ratio of the heat exchangers are performed. Finally, a criterion of partial optimization for the class of irreversible Carnot engines is herein presented.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Energy Convers. Manage
title: Differential Expression of MicroRNA MiR-145 and MiR-155 Downstream Targets in Oral Cancers Exhibiting Limited Chemotherapy Resistance
Creators: name: Belnap, Conner
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0406gha72
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Background: New evidence has suggested that non-coding microRNAs play a significant role in mediating and modulating chemotherapy resistance, particularly among oral cancers. One recent study found that the expression of miR-145 and lack of miR-155 expression strongly correlated with a limited chemotherapy resistance to Cisplatin, 5-Fluorouracil and Paclitaxel , although the mechanism(s) responsible for these observations remain unidentified.
         Methods: Using commercially available cell lines of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), RNA was isolated using phenol:chloroform extraction. The isolated RNA was converted into cDNA by reverse transcription and subsequently screened for the presence or absence of downstream targets of miR-145 and miR-155 using qPCR.
         Results: The expression of miR-145 downstream gene targets (n=13) were analyzed in all OSCC cells. The expression pattern of three miR-145 gene targets could be correlated to the degree of chemotherapy resistance.  In the least chemotherapy resistant cells (SCC15), altered expression of KCN and SRGAP2 and the absence of FAM135A expression were observed.  This differential expression was unique to the SCC15 cells and not detected in any of the other OSCC cell lines.
         Conclusions: These data strongly support that differential regulation of these three downstream targets is related to the chemotoxic sensitivity of the SCC15 oral cancer cell line. The potential involvement of these targets must be further investigated to determine how and whether mechanisms of these cellular pathways may be involved in the observed lack of chemotherapy resistance. These data may be important to design targets or treatments to reduce chemotherapy resistance and improve patient treatment outcomes.
Near-barrier Fusion and Transfer/Breakup induced by Weakly Bound and Exotic Halo Nuclei
Creators: name: Beck, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This submission has been withdrawn by arXiv administrators because it is a duplicate of nucl-th/0610004.
description: 8 pages, 3 eps figures, to be published in Nucl. Phys. A
МЕТОДИКА РАЗРАБОТКИ МАРШРУТНОЙ СЕТИ ДВИЖЕНИЯ ГОРОДСКОГО ПАССАЖИРСКОГО ТРАНСПОРТА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ГОРОДА МАГНИТОГОРСКА)
Creators: name: Osintsev, Nikita
name: Rakhmangulov, Aleksandr
name: Tsyganov, Aleksandr
name: Kornilov, Sergey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: В статье рассмотрены основные положения методики разработки маршрутной сети движения городского пассажирского транспорта. Представленная методика определения оптимальных параметров маршрутной сети может быть использована для городов с различной схемой улично-дорожной сети и численностью населения с целью повышения безопасности и качества городских пассажирских перевозок.
Three Essays on the Economics of Education
Creators: name: Chuanyi Guo
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This dissertation examines topics of education finance and human capital investment. The first chapter estimates the causal effect of state intervention on fiscal performance of monitored school districts by using Illinois district-level administrative data. Utilizing the intervention system that provides technical assistance to only low-performing districts, I employ a regression discontinuity design based on financial indicators used to determine intervention status. Results indicate that there are precisely zero effects on districts’ future financial outcomes for the full sample. However, I document that because of the intervention treated elementary school districts are less reliant on issuing long-term debt to meet obligations. Additionally, the budget for treated accrual-basis districts is becoming more structurally balanced. The second chapter explores the long-term economic impact of children’s age at primary school entry on educational attainment and labor market outcomes. The paper documents that a one-year delay in primary school enrollment significantly increases years of schooling completed by roughly two years. In addition, delaying school entry increases the probability of being in the labor force for men, but decreases that for women. Further evidence suggests that the decline in female labor force participation is driven by both demand-side factors such as insufficient job opportunities in urban areas and labor market discrimination against female job seekers, and supply-side factors including fertility decision, childcare provision, and assortative mating. The third chapter investigates the causal impact of teacher quality on student academic performance and family investments in children. Using a nationally representative survey of middle school teachers, students, and their families, I exploit the random assignment of students to teachers and find that high-quality teachers, defined as having more teaching experiences, have positive impacts on students’ test scores. The impact is larger for teachers with more than twelve years of experience. Results on the impact on family investments show that experienced teachers are more helpful in increasing family investments on students’ academic performance, for example paying for private tutoring and devoting more time to assisting children with their homework. This provides evidence that teacher quality and family inputs are complements in the education production function that jointly increase student academic outcomes.
$\bar{B}\to X_s γ$ in BLMSSM
Creators: name: Chen, Jian-Bin
name: Zhang, Meng
name: Xing, Li-Li
name: Feng, Tai-Fu
name: Zhao, Shu-Min
name: Sun, Ke-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying the effective Lagrangian method, we study the Flavor Changing Neutral Current $b\to sγ$ within the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model where baryon and lepton numbers are local gauge symmetries. Constraints on the parameters are investigated numerically with the experimental data on branching ratio of $\bar{B}\to X_sγ$. Additionally, we present the corrections to direct CP-violation in $\bar{B}\rightarrow X_sγ$ and time-dependent CP-asymmetry in $B\rightarrow K^*γ$. With appropriate assumptions on parameters, we find the direct CP-violation $A_{CP}$ is very small, while one-loop contributions to $S_{K^*γ}$ can be significant.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Chinese Physics C
A comparison between several one-step M-estimators of location and dispersion in the presence of a nuisance parameter
Creators: name: Rainville, Eve
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The idea of one-step estimators has long been used: Le Cam (1956), Neyman (1949) and Fisher (1922) have proposed it in the context of maximum likelihood estimation. More recently, Bickel (1975) adapted this idea to robustness theory when he introduced one-step Huber M-estimators for simple linear models. Huber (1981) and Hampel et al (1986) further investigated the advantages of such one-step M-estimators; while retaining the robustness properties of their initial estimates, one-step M-estimators show increased efficiency, and thus represent a good compromise between robust and parametric estimation. Different versions of one-step M-estimators, some more numerically stable than others, have been proposed throughout the years. To our knowledge, no thorough comparison of available one-step M-estimators have been done using modern techniques, as in Rousseeuw and Croux (1993a). In this thesis, two versions of one-step M-estimators of location, obtained with the Newton-Raphson method, are studied in the context of unknown dispersion. Their asymptotic efficiencies at Gaussian and non-Gaussian models, as well as their maximum asymptotic bias are compared. We also introduce two new one-step M-estimators of dispersion with unknown location, and challenge the traditional fixed-point method one-step M-estimator of dispersion, originating from Huber (1981) and used by Rousseeuw and Croux (1993a). We identify the optimal situations in which to use any of those three one-step M-estimators of dispersion, using their relative asymptotic efficiency at different models, and their explosion and implosion maximum asymptotic bias curves.
Spin-dependent localized Hartree-Fock density-functional approach for the accurate treatment of inner-shell excitation of close-shell atoms
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhongyuan
name: Chu, Shih-I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spin-dependent localized Hartree-Fock (SLHF) density-functional approach for the treatment of the inner-shell excited-state calculation of atomic systems. In this approach, the electron spin-orbitals in an electronic configuration are obtained first by solving Kohn-Sham (KS) equation with SLHF exchange potential. Then a single-Slater-determinant energy of the electronic configuration is calculated by using these electron spin-orbitals. Finally, a multiplet energy of an inner-shell excited state is evaluated from the single-Slater-determinant energies of the electronic configurations involved in terms of Slater's diagonal sum rule. This procedure has been used to calculate the total and excitation energies of inner-shell excited states of close-shell atomic systems: Be, B^+, Ne, and Mg. The correlation effect is taken into account by incorporating the correlation potentials and energy functionals of Perdew and Wang's (PW) or Lee, Yang, and Parr's (LYP) into calculation. The calculated results with the PW and LYP energy functionals are in overall good agreement with each other and also with available experimental and other ab initio theoretical data. In addition, we present some new results for highly excited inner-shell states.
description: 8 pages and 9 tables
Experimental study on bioactive molecules in contrasting dental diseases: microbiological assay, oral delivering and enamel remineralization
Creators: name: Coda, Marco
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: The objective of this research program was to determine a new way in caries and erosion prevention. To achieve this target was analyzed the more effective anti-caries and anti-erosive bio-active molecules of natural origin, in order to elaborate a new novel chewing gum device. The under discussion molecules were plant polyphenols and casein-phosphopeptides.
The research project has been divided in three parts: initially, was analyzed in vitro, through SEM inspection and pH analysis, the remineralizing effect of casein-phosphopeptides against cola drink dental erosion. In the second part, a microbiological assay of effects of Plantago lanceolata tea on oral bacteria was assessed: initially, the P. lanceolata tea was chemical analyzed for its polyphenolic content; then, the MIC and MBC were determined for P. lanceolata extracts against cariogenic bacteria; subsequently, a controlled random clinical study was conducted on 44 volunteers to evaluate a P. lanceolata-based mouth rinse on cariogenic bacteria content in saliva. In the third part, in vitro experiments were performed using a specifically designed chewing apparatus to test the release in artificial saliva of Calcium (derived from CPP) and Quercetin included in gums, during the chewing time; while the in vivo experiments required a two sessions clinical trial, performed by 10 volunteers, in order to analyze the in vivo performance of the experimental chewing-gums.
Properties of localized protons in neutron star matter for realistic nuclear models
Creators: name: Szmaglinski, A.
name: Wojcik, W.
name: Kutschera, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the localization of protons in the core of neutron stars for ten realistic nuclear models that share a common behaviour of nuclear symmetry energy which saturates and eventually decreases at high densities. This results in the low proton fraction of beta-stable neutron star matter. Protons form a small admixture in the neutron star core, which is localized at sufficiently high densities. For every model we calculate the density $n_{loc}$ above which the localization effect is present. Our results indicate that localization occurs at densities above $0.5-1.0 fm^{-3}$. The phase with localized protons occupies a spherical shell or a core region inside neutron stars which contains significant fraction of all nucleons. Proton localization is of great importance for astrophysical properties of neutron stars as it strongly affects transport coefficients of neutron star matter and can produce spontaneous magnetization in neutron stars.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Presented at the XXIX Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics, Piaski, Poland, August 30 - Septenber 6, 2005
Detached Eddy Simulation of an Aircraft Jet Flow Using an OpenSource CFD Code
Creators: name: Roma, Riccardo
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis work is part of a preliminary study for the project "High-performance computing and data-driven modeling of aircraft contrails", granted by the US NFS (National Science Foundation) and with PI Prof. Roberto Paoli of the Illinois University of Chicago (UIC). The aim of the project is the prediction of contrail formation in fully-three dimensional turbulent jets exhausting from the aircraft nozzle. The target of the work is to analyze the first phase of the contrail formation, the so called Jet Phase, "where the aircraft jet is expanded into the atmosphere, mixed with the ambient air and cooled down to the atmospheric temperature". This phase occurs in the first 30 m behind the aircraft engine and the effect of the aircraft vortex is neglected. As a preliminary work, the simulations reported in the thesis take into account only the engine exhaust gases without adding the effect of soot particles that can act as nucleation sites for the sublimation of atmospheric water vapour. Since no experimental data for jet fows exiting from aircraft engines have been found in literature, the first part of the thesis is devoted to set-up the simulation parameters on the NASA near sonic jet validation case of a jet fow at Ma = 1 exiting from the ARN-2 nozzle. Then the geometry of the ARN-2 nozzle is rescaled in order to have the same exit diameter of the drain nozzle of the CFM-56 engine and the simulations considering the flight conditions are performed on axisymmetric and full 3D grids. Since the ARN-2 nozzle has an inner and an outer wall, the simulations consider the effect of the latter one on the flow physics. At the beginning a standard RANS model is used, while the final part of the work is completely devoted to set up the DES model and to compare the obtained results with the RANS cases.
Antiferromagnetically ordered state in the half-filled Hubbard model on the Socolar dodecagonal tiling
Creators: name: Koga, Akihisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the antiferromagnetically ordered state in the half-filled Hubbard model on the Socolar dodecagonal tiling. When the interaction is introduced, the staggered magnetizations suddenly appear, which results from the existence of the macroscopically degenerate states in the tightbinding model. The increase of the interaction strength monotonically increases the magnetizations although its magnitude depends on the local environments. Magnetization profile is discussed in the perpendicular space. The similarity and difference are also addressed in magnetic properties in the Hubbard model on the Penrose, Ammann-Beenker, and Socolar dodecagonal tilings.
description: 8pages, 10figures
Magnetic Helicity Flux across Solar Active Region Photospheres: I. Hemispheric Sign Preference in Solar Cycle 24
Creators: name: Park, Sung-Hong
name: Leka, K. D.
name: Kusano, Kanya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hemispheric preference in the dominant sign of magnetic helicity has been observed in numerous features in the solar atmosphere: i.e., left-handed/right-handed helicity in the northern/southern hemisphere. The relative importance of different physical processes which may contribute to the observed hemispheric sign preference (HSP) of magnetic helicity is still under debate. Here, we estimate magnetic helicity flux ($dH/dt$) across the photospheric surface for 4,802 samples of 1,105 unique active regions (ARs) that appeared over an 8-year period from 2010 to 2017 during solar cycle 24, using photospheric vector magnetic field observations by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The estimates of $dH/dt$ show that 63% and 65% of the investigated AR samples in the northern and southern hemispheres, respectively, follow the HSP. We also find a trend that the HSP of $dH/dt$ increases from ~50-60% up to ~70-80% as ARs (1) appear at the earlier inclining phase of the solar cycle or higher latitudes; (2) have larger values of $|dH/dt|$, the total unsigned magnetic flux, and the average plasma flow speed. These observational findings support the enhancement of the HSP mainly by the Coriolis force acting on a buoyantly rising and expanding flux tube through the turbulent convection zone. In addition, the differential rotation on the solar surface as well as the tachocline $α$-effect of flux-transport dynamo may reinforce the HSP for ARs at higher latitudes.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LIQUID FILM DISTRIBUTION IN HORIZONTAL TWO-PHASE ANNULAR FLOW
Creators: name: Cataldo, Filippo
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Among sustainable energy conversion systems, the Organic Rankine Cycles, are proving to be a promising technology for low-grade heat sources, such as solar energy, geothermal energy and waste heat recovery. In the present thesis, the characterization of the liquid film distribution in horizontal two-phase annular flow has been investigated in order to understand its effect on the pressure drop and the heat transfer coefficient. This topic may be very important in the design of heat exchangers
involved by two-phase flows with significant liquid film stratification.
Identification and control of gene networks in living cells
Creators: name: Fiore, Gianfranco
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: System identification is a branch of control engineering aimed at developing computational approaches to derive, from measurement data, a quantitative dynamical model of a physical system able to predict its future behaviour. There is a long tradition in the successful application of system identification approaches to Medicine and Physiology, however, in Molecular Biology, only few attempts have been made to infer a quantitative model of gene regulation due to experimental limitations of current techniques. Indeed, whereas in Engineering it is now common to measure thousands of time-points at a desired sampling rate for a physical system to be modelled, this has been very difficult in Biology, where time-series data consist of very few samples.

In order to overcome the current limitations, I devised an experimental platform based on a microfluidic device, a time-lapse microscopy apparatus and, a set of automated syringes all controlled by a computer, that allows to provide a time varying concentration of any molecule of interest (input) to a population of cells, and to measure the single-cell response in the form of the fluorescence level of a reporter protein, at a sufficiently high sampling rate, thus making it possible to evaluate the dynamics of the process of interest.
I tested the experimental platform to implement and compare different linear and nonlinear system identification approaches to a transcriptional network in the yeast S. cerevisiae. The results I obtained confirm that the experimental system identification platform I developed can successfully be used to infer quantitative models of a eukaryotic promoter in a rapid and efficient manner.
Moreover I have used the same experimental set up for the study and the it in-vivo implementation of novel feedback control strategies meant to precisely regulate the level of expression of a protein from the GAL1 endogenous promoter and from a complex synthetic transcriptional network in yeast cells.
The proposed effective control approach, allows to generate custom time profiles of a desired protein, and it can be exploited to study trafficking or signalling pathways and the endogenous control mechanisms of a cell.
The impact of emerging information technologies on international trade promotion
Creators: name: Dalton, Charles Scott
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Two fundamental forces impacting trade and market participants worldwide are globalization and technological innovation. International trade opportunities created by falling trade barriers also intensify competition as a rising number of firms fight for a share of export markets. Advances in information technology (IT) enhance business processes and alter trading patterns. Organizations utilize IT not only as a source of competitive advantage but often as a necessity to their survival. In the midst of expanding international trade and technological capacities, a broad spectrum of organizations offer services intended to improve the ability of companies to effectively enter and compete in international markets. These organizations range from private consultancies focused on specific industry sectors to national trade promoters offering services to firms nationwide, to international institutions working to strengthen global trade in general. A wide range of emerging IT are used by trade promotion organizations. However, budgetary, operational and organizational constraints tend to limit IT adoption by most trade promoters. Like the companies they serve, national trade promotion organizations must assess their IT needs relative to the organization's goals and business processes. This paper examines the impact of emerging technologies on the trade promotion function. Particular emphasis was given to the Canadian government's Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT) in a case study. Based on interviews with trade promotion officers, various government documents and a literature search, we
title: “But…. They Don’t Look Like Me.” An Examination of Mentoring Relationships with Hispanic and Latinx Students
Creators: name: Beltran, Diana
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0406gha72
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The guiding objectives of this research were to more deeply understand Hispanic and Latinx students’ attitudes about research mentoring relationships and clarify conflicting findings within the existing literature. Study 1 focused on 32 Hispanic and Latinx undergraduate students who had experience with STEM research mentoring. A major goal was to examine whether racial-ethnic “match” between students and their mentors was associated with the types of behaviors that students encounter from their mentors (e.g., instrumental mentoring) as well as students’ academic attitudes (e.g., STEM self-efficacy). Findings revealed that students have a stronger preference for mentors who share their personality traits over those who match other sociodemographic characteristics, including ethnic and racial background, gender, and age. Study 2, which used a mixed-methods design, focused on 108 Hispanic and Latinx undergraduate students who had experience with STEM research mentoring. A major goal was to explore their perspectives on how mentors should approach research mentoring relationships with Hispanic and Latinx students. We also examined whether the type of reasoning undergraduates provided was associated with the strength of their psychological identification with their ethnic group. Findings indicated that the strength of participants' ethnic identity was not associated with their reasoning. In addition, findings revealed five overarching themes. Of particular interest was the culturally aware theme, which highlighted the importance of mentors acknowledging the unique difficulties that Hispanic and Latinx students experience in navigating their academic system (e.g., language barriers, being first-generation college students, and unhealthy cultural norms within their ethnic-racial group). The findings from this research provide new insight into what Hispanic and Latinx students seek in their research mentoring relationships. The findings also underscore the significance of mentors adopting culturally sensitive mentoring styles and shed light on intriguing directions for future research.
ADS-B BASED SENSE AND AVOID APPLICATIONS FOR GENERAL AVIATION/UNMANNED AIRCRAFT
Creators: name: Orefice, Martina
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: The work focuses on the application of ADS-B surveillance data as inputs for conflict detection algorithms, in order to support future self-separation as well as collision avoidance systems. In particular, an approach is here proposed for conflict detection between ownship and surrounding ADS-B OUT equipped aircraft, which uses traffic position and velocity data provided by the on-board ADS-B IN device. The intended system applicability is for both manned commercial aircraft, as an aid to pilots, and Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), where high automation levels are required, as part of an autonomous Sense-And-Avoid system.
In the first part of the work, a detailed analysis on state of the art of the SAA systems is shown investigating the architectures based on cooperative and non-cooperative sensors.
In the expected evolution of surveillance systems for aircraft applications in the next years, the Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) implementation on-board vehicles plays a fundamental role hence, in the second part, a detailed analysis about ADS-B system is reported. The advantages and the drawbacks related to the adoption of this sensor for a SAA architecture are also investigated.
In the third part the architecture of the proposed system is presented including a description of the software modules, focusing on the specific applications devoted to surveillance data processing and conflicts identification and prioritization.
Finally test scenarios, and the related results, are presented and discussed. In particular off-line and real-time tests, with an hardware in the loop architecture, have been carried out.
The activities hereafter reported have been carried out in the framework of a collaboration between the Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), where the author is employed in the field of air transport sustainability, and the University of Naples "Federico II".
Accretion disc viscosity: how big is alpha?
Creators: name: King, A. R.
name: Pringle, J. E.
name: Livio, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider observational and theoretical estimates of the accretion disc viscosity parameter $α$. We find that in thin, fully-ionized discs, the best observational evidence suggests a typical range $α\sim 0.1 - 0.4$, whereas the relevant numerical simulations tend to derive estimates for $α$ which are an order of magnitude smaller. We discuss possible reasons for this apparent discrepancy.
description: MNRAS, in press
Mott switching and structural transition in the metal phase of $VO_2$ nanodomain
Creators: name: Kim, Chang-Yong
name: Slusar, Tetiana
name: Cho, Jinchul
name: Kim, Hyun-Tak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $VO_2$ undergoes the insulator-metal transition (IMT) and monoclinic-rutile structural phase transition (SPT) near $67^oC$. The IMT switching has many applications. However, there is an unresolved issue whether the IMT is a Mott transition or a Peierls transition. This complication is caused by metal and insulator coexistence, which is an inherent property of the IMT region. Thus, the acquired data in the IMT region are averaged over the two phases in many experiments. We overcome the issue by probing the electronic state of the monoclinic structure and by introducing a model that accounts for the coexisting phases. We reveal the Mott IMT in the non-distorted monoclinic nanodomain between $55-63^oC$, and the distortion-assisted SPT above $60^oC$.
description: 18 pages, 4 main figures, 5 supporting figures
Unsupervised learning of topological phase transitions using Calinski-Harabaz index
Creators: name: Wang, Jielin
name: Zhang, Wanzhou
name: Hua, Tian
name: Wei, Tzu-Chieh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning methods have been recently applied to learning phases of matter and transitions between them. Of particular interest is the topological phase transition, such as in the XY model, which can be difficult for unsupervised learning such as the principal component analysis. Recently, authors of [Nature Physics \textbf{15},790 (2019)] employed the diffusion-map method for identifying topological order and were able to determine the BKT phase transition of the XY model, specifically via the intersection of the average cluster distance $\bar{D}$ and the within cluster dispersion $\barσ$ (when the different clusters vary from separation to mixing together). However, sometimes it is not easy to find the intersection if $\bar{D}$ or $\barσ$ does not change too much due to topological constraint. In this paper, we propose to use the Calinski-Harabaz ($ch$) index, defined roughly as the ratio $\bar D/\bar σ$, to determine the critical points, at which the $ch$ index reaches a maximum or minimum value, or jump sharply. We examine the $ch$ index in several statistical models, including ones that contain a BKT phase transition. For the Ising model, the peaks of the quantity $ch$ or its components are consistent with the position of the specific heat maximum. For the XY model both on the square lattices and honeycomb lattices, our results of the $ch$ index show the convergence of the peaks over a range of the parameters $\varepsilon/\varepsilon_0$ in the Gaussian kernel. We also examine the generalized XY model with $q=2$ and $q=8$ and at the value away from the pure XY limit. Our method is thus useful to both topological and non-topological phase transitions and can achieve accuracy as good as supervised learning methods previously used in these models, and may be used for searching phases from experimental data.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures
CONTINUED PROCESS VERIFICATION:
A MODERN APPROACH TO ENHANCE PROCESS CONTROL AND REDUCE PROCESS RELATED FAILURES IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Topa, Tommaso
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Il lavoro della presente tesi ha avuto come obiettivo l'implementazione della CPV nel sito produttivo di Novartis® Pharma Torre Annunziata.
L'esecuzione della Continued Process Verification ha come scopo la dimostrazione che un determinato processo produttivo sia validato durante tutta la sua fase di commercializzazione.  Ciò può essere valutato solo attraverso opportuna analisi statistica di quei dati considerati critici relativi a un prodotto. Il primo passo da compiere, quindi, durante l'esecuzione della CPV, è un'analisi del rischio per l'individuazione delle criticità che devono essere monitorate e analizzate successivamente durante la fase di commercializzazione.
Il processo produttivo oggetto del monitoraggio e dello studio era in essere nel sito di Torre Annunziata dall'inizio degli anni 90 e fornisce compresse rivestite per il rilascio prolungato di Carbamazepina, farmaco d'elezione per il trattamento delle epilessie. La modulazione del rilascio del principio attivo è garantita da due polimeri funzionali i.e. co-polimero di etil-acrilato e metil-metacrilato e da etil-cellulosa, aggiunti durante la fase di fluid bed granulation.
Il prodotto farmaceutico oggetto dello studio era caratterizzato da una velocità di rilascio del principio attivo (dissoluzione) variabile. Più in dettaglio, subito dopo la produzione di un lotto (tempo 0) la dissoluzione della Carbamazepina risultava essere alta mentre durante la shelf-life del prodotto farmaceutico la velocità di dissoluzione diminuiva. Dal monitoraggio e dall'analisi approfondita del processo, la forma farmaceutica oggetto dello studio risultava essere fortemente dipendente sia dalle condizioni processuali che dalle condizioni di stabilità che potevano influenzarne la velocità di dissoluzione dell'API.
Correlation energy in a spin polarized two dimensional electron liquid in the high density limit
Creators: name: Chesi, S.
name: Giuliani, G. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained an analytic expression for the ring diagrams contribution to the correlation energy of a two dimensional electron liquid as a function of the uniform fractional spin polarization. Our results can be used to improve on the interpolation formulas which represent the basic ingredient for the constructions of modern spin-density functionals in two dimensions.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Supplementary materials from Is there evidence for cross-domain congruency sequence effect? A replication of Kan et al. (2013)
Creators: name: Aczel, Balazs
name: Marton Kovacs
name: Miklos Bognar
name: Palfi, Bence
name: Hartanto, Andree
name: Sandersan Onie
name: Tiong, Lucas E.
name: Evans, Thomas Rhys
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Exploring the mechanisms of cognitive control is central to understanding how we control our behaviour. These mechanisms can be studied in conflict paradigms, which require the inhibition of irrelevant responses to perform the task. It has been suggested that in these tasks, the detection of conflict enhances cognitive control resulting in improved conflict resolution of subsequent trials. If this is the case, then this so-called congruency sequence effect can be expected to occur in cross-domain tasks. Previous research on the domain-generality of the effect presented inconsistent results. In this study, we provide a multi-site replication of three previous experiments of Kan et al. (Kan IP, Teubner-Rhodes S, Drummey AB, Nutile L, Krupa L, Novick JM 2013 Cognition 129, 637–651) which test congruency sequence effect between very different domains: from a syntactic to a non-syntactic domain (Experiment 1), and from a perceptual to a verbal domain (Experiments 2 and 3). Despite all our efforts, we found only partial support for the claims of the original study. With a single exception, we could not replicate the original findings; the data remained inconclusive or went against the theoretical hypothesis. We discuss the compatibility of the results with alternative theoretical frameworks.
Effective triplet interactions in nematic colloids
Creators: name: Tasinkevych, Mykola
name: Andrienko, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-body effective interactions emerging between parallel cylindrical rods immersed in a nematic liquid crystals are calculated within the Landau-de Gennes free energy description. Collinear, equilateral and midplane configurations of the three colloidal particles are considered. In the last two cases the effective triplet interaction is of the same magnitude and range as the pair one.
Dynamics of k-essence in loop quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Shi, Jiali
name: Wu, Jian-Pin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the dynamics of k-essence in loop quantum cosmology (LQC). The study indicates that the loop quantum gravity (LQG) effect plays a key role only in the early epoch of the universe and is diluted at the later stage. The fixed points in LQC are basically consistent with that in standard Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) cosmology. For most of the attractor solutions, the stability conditions in LQC are in agreement with that for the standard FRW universe. But for some special fixed point, more tighter constraints are imposed thanks to the LQG effect.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures
Direct Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Heat Transfer Modulation in Micro-Dispersed Channel Flow
Creators: name: Zonta, Francesco
name: Marchioli, Cristian
name: Soldati, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The object of this paper is to study the influence of dispersed micrometer size particles on turbulent heat transfer mechanisms in wall-bounded flows. The strategic target of the current research is to set up a methodology to size and design new-concept heat transfer fluids with properties given by those of the base fluid modulated by the presence of dynamically-interacting, suitably-chosen, discrete micro- and nano- particles. We run Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) for hydrodynamically fully-developed, thermally-developing turbulent channel flow at shear Reynolds number Re=150 and Prandtl number Pr=3, and we tracked two large swarms of particles, characterized by different inertia and thermal inertia. Preliminary results on velocity and temperature statistics for both phases show that, with respect to single-phase flow, heat transfer fluxes at the walls increase by roughly 2% when the flow is laden with the smaller particles, which exhibit a rather persistent stability against non-homogeneous distribution and near-wall concentration. An opposite trend (slight heat transfer flux decrease) is observed when the larger particles are dispersed into the flow. These results are consistent with previous experimental findings and are discussed in the frame of the current research activities in the field. Future developments are also outlined.
description: Pages: 305-326
Magnetic Anisotropy, Spin Pinning and Exchange Constants of (Ga,Mn)As films
Creators: name: Zhou, Ying-Yuan
name: Cho, Yong-Jin
name: Ge, Zhiguo
name: Liu, Xinyu
name: Dobrowolska, Malgorzata
name: Furdyna, Jacek K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed investigation of exchange-dominated nonpropagating spin-wave modes in a series of 100 nm Ga$_{1 - x}$Mn$_{x}$As films with Mn concentrations $x$ ranging from 0.02 to 0.08. The angular and Mn concentration dependences of spin wave resonance modes have been studied for both as-grown and annealed samples. Our results indicate that the magnetic anisotropy terms of Ga$_{1 - x}$Mn$_{x}$As depend on the Mn concentration $x$, but are also strongly affected by sample growth conditions; moreover, the magnetic anisotropy of Ga$_{1 - x}$Mn$_{x}$As films is found to be clearly linked to the Curie temperature. The spin wave resonance spectra consist of a series of well resolved standing spin-wave modes. The observed mode patterns are consistent with the Portis volume-inhomogeneity model, in which a spatially nonuniform anisotropy field acts on the Mn spins. The analysis of these exchange-dominated spin wave modes, including their angular dependences, allows us to establish the exchange stiffness constants for Ga$_{1 - x}$Mn$_{x}$As films.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The role of specific dieting practices in the development of eating disorders
Creators: name: Mackay, Ellen Maria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dieting practices and the development of eating disorder symptomology in dieting female college students. A self-report questionnaire on dieting practices was administered at the beginning and end of the academic year to 179 dieting women (Age: 21 ± 3 years (mean ± SD); Wt: 62.5 ±11.7 kg; Ht: 165.3 ± 7.1 cm; BMI: 22.8 ± 3.5 kg/m2). A Food Frequency Questionnaire was administered at baseline. Data were obtained on the duration of dieting, methods used to lose weight, the macronutrient intake, restrictiveness of the diet, and the rate of weight lost/week dieting. Eating disorder symptomology was measured by the Health Information Questionnaire (HIQ) and was assessed based on DSM-IV criteria for eating disorders. Responses to the HIQ yielded an overall Symptom Intensity Score (SIS). Subjects with probable eating disorders at baseline were excluded from the analyses. Correlations were observed between the SIS and age at first diet (baseline: r = -.31, p<.01; 6 months: r = -.20, p<.01) and baseline long-term dieting (r = .16, p<.05). Of the dieting methods, correlations between the SIS and Food Avoidance (baseline: r= .51, p<.001; 6 months: r=.49, p<.001), Fat & Calorie Counting (baseline: r= .31, p<.001; 6 months: r=.30, p<.001), Use of Diet Aids (baseline: r= .27, p<.001; 6 months: r=.22, p<.01), and Number of Dieting Methods (baseline: r= .60, p<.001; 6 months: r=.49, p<.001) were also observed. A correlation between carbohydrate intake and Change in SIS was observed (r=-.16, p<.05). Restrictiveness of the diet did not correlate with SIS. However, rate of weight loss correlated with the SIS (baseline: r= .314, p<.01; 6 months: r=.332, p<.01). None of the dieting variables had a significant influence on the prediction of SIS; only 1-5% of the variance in the SIS was explained by the variables examined in this study. These results suggest that specific dieting practices may not predict disordered eating but may be associated with some disturbed eating practices. Further consideration of the frequency of dieting, rate of weight loss and the methods used to lose weight may be warranted as these dieting practices may perpetuate dieting and disturbed eating behaviours.