cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Perspective on Coupled Colloidal Quantum Dot Molecules
Creators: name: Koley, Somnath
name: Cui, Jiabin
name: Panfil, Yossef E.
name: Banin, Uri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic coupling and hence hybridization of atoms serve as the basis for the rich properties of the endless library of naturally occurring molecules. Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) manifesting quantum strong confinement, possess atomic like characteristics with s and p electronic levels, which popularized the notion of CQDs as artificial atoms. Continuing this analogy, when two atoms are close enough to form a molecule so that their orbitals start overlapping, the orbitals' energies start to split into bonding and anti-bonding states made out of hybridized orbitals. The same concept is also applicable for two fused core-shell nanocrystals in close proximity. Their band-edge states, which dictate the emitted photon energy, start to hybridize changing their electronic and optical properties. Thus, an exciting direction of artificial molecules emerges leading to a multitude of possibilities for creating a library of new hybrid nanostructures with novel optoelectronic properties with relevance towards diverse applications including quantum technologies. In a model fused core-shell homodimer molecule, the hybridization energy is strongly correlated with the extent of structural continuity, the delocalization of the exciton wavefunction, and the barrier thickness as calculated numerically. The hybridization impacts the emitted photon statistics manifesting a faster radiative decay rate, photon bunching effect, and modified Auger recombination pathway compared to the monomer artificial atoms. Future perspectives for the nanocrystals chemistry paradigm are highlighted.
Reliability of Photovoltaic Solar Systems through Real O&M Follow-Up Data
Creators: name: Lillo Bravo, I.
name: Palomo, A.
name: Guasumba, J.
name: Silva Pérez, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: Operation, Performance, Reliability and Sustainability of Photovoltaics
Operation of PV Systems

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1788-1792
description: This paper provides a detailed analysis of failures and incidents that occurred in 218 PV systems, in 24
PV plants and 17 PV parks, for 15 months of performance, located in Spain and Italy. The results show that the
photovoltaic technology is the cause of the 20.3% of the incidents while the 44% of failures are caused due to
external causes of the PV system installation. The 56.7% of the failures affected the energy production of the PV
system. The major cause of failure is given by the monitoring systems, followed by low power inverters (between 5-
90 kW). Despite these failures, the efficiency of the facilities is high with a performance ratio between 69% and 83%.
Ecology, evolution and spillover of coronaviruses from bats.
Creators: name: Ruiz-Aravena, Manuel
name: McKee, Clifton
name: Gamble, Amandine
name: Lunn, Tamika
name: Morris, Aaron
name: Snedden, Celine E
name: Yinda, Claude Kwe
name: Port, Julia R
name: Buchholz, David W
name: Yeo, Yao Yu
name: Faust, Christina
name: Jax, Elinor
name: Dee, Lauren
name: Jones, Devin N
name: Kessler, Maureen K
name: Falvo, Caylee
name: Crowley, Daniel
name: Bharti, Nita
name: Brook, Cara E
name: Aguilar, Hector C
name: Peel, Alison J
name: Restif, Olivier
name: Schountz, Tony
name: Parrish, Colin R
name: Gurley, Emily S
name: Lloyd-Smith, James O
name: Hudson, Peter J
name: Munster, Vincent J
name: Plowright, Raina K
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: In the past two decades, three coronaviruses with ancestral origins in bats have emerged and caused widespread outbreaks in humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since the first SARS epidemic in 2002-2003, the appreciation of bats as key hosts of zoonotic coronaviruses has advanced rapidly. More than 4,000 coronavirus sequences from 14 bat families have been identified, yet the true diversity of bat coronaviruses is probably much greater. Given that bats are the likely evolutionary source for several human coronaviruses, including strains that cause mild upper respiratory tract disease, their role in historic and future pandemics requires ongoing investigation. We review and integrate information on bat-coronavirus interactions at the molecular, tissue, host and population levels. We identify critical gaps in knowledge of bat coronaviruses, which relate to spillover and pandemic risk, including the pathways to zoonotic spillover, the infection dynamics within bat reservoir hosts, the role of prior adaptation in intermediate hosts for zoonotic transmission and the viral genotypes or traits that predict zoonotic capacity and pandemic potential. Filling these knowledge gaps may help prevent the next pandemic.
Topological surface states in three-dimensional magnetic insulators
Creators: name: Moore, Joel E.
name: Ran, Ying
name: Wen, Xiao-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An electron moving in a magnetically ordered background feels an effective magnetic field that can be both stronger and more rapidly varying than typical externally applied fields. One consequence is that insulating magnetic materials in three dimensions can have topologically nontrivial properties of the effective band structure. For the simplest case of two bands, these "Hopf insulators" are characterized by a topological invariant as in quantum Hall states and Z_2 topological insulators, but instead of a Chern number or parity, the underlying invariant is the Hopf invariant that classifies maps from the 3-sphere to the 2-sphere. This paper gives an efficient algorithm to compute whether a given magnetic band structure has nontrivial Hopf invariant, a double-exchange-like tight-binding model that realizes the nontrivial case, and a numerical study of the surface states of this model.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; published version
Climate change modulates the stratospheric volcanic sulfate aerosol lifecycle and radiative forcing from tropical eruptions.
Creators: name: Aubry, Thomas J
name: Staunton-Sykes, John
name: Marshall, Lauren R
name: Haywood, Jim
name: Abraham, Nathan Luke
name: Schmidt, Anja
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Explosive volcanic eruptions affect climate, but how climate change affects the stratospheric volcanic sulfate aerosol lifecycle and radiative forcing remains unexplored. We combine an eruptive column model with an aerosol-climate model to show that the stratospheric aerosol optical depth perturbation from frequent moderate-magnitude tropical eruptions (e.g. Nabro 2011) will be reduced by 75% in a high-end warming scenario compared to today, a consequence of future tropopause height rise and unchanged eruptive column height. In contrast, global-mean radiative forcing, stratospheric warming and surface cooling from infrequent large-magnitude tropical eruptions (e.g. Mt. Pinatubo 1991) will be exacerbated by 30%, 52 and 15% in the future, respectively. These changes are driven by an aerosol size decrease, mainly caused by the acceleration of the Brewer-Dobson circulation, and an increase in eruptive column height. Quantifying changes in both eruptive column dynamics and aerosol lifecycle is therefore key to assessing the climate response to future eruptions.
Acoustofluidic Thrombolysis: Experimental and ML-based Study on Hematological Dependence
Creators: name: Pal, Srijeeta
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Thrombosis, or the development of blood clots within blood vessels, is a very common medical condition that can result in various diseases including heart attack and stroke. Today, it is the foremost cause of mortality in the developed nations and the cause of one in four deaths worldwide. In recent times, ultrasound thrombolysis has surfaced as a promising technique to treat thrombosis. In a recent study, Gao et al. presented a microscale acoustofluidic device for in vitro thrombolysis of blood aggregates. A microbubble passively trapped inside the microchannel and actuated by a low frequency ultrasound field, produces microstreaming flow and disaggregates the blood clots. They have experimentally studied this thrombolysis process and investigated its relationship with the input signal. Our work is an exploratory research study involving experiments and analysis using Machine Learning, on the performance of thrombolysis in a bubble based acoustofluidic device, and its potential dependence on different hematological parameters of the patient. This understanding is required for future studies and development or upscaling of the acoustofluidic thrombolysis device. Besides, our study provides insights on how some of the important blood parameters affect aggregation of blood cells.
A stability preserved time-integration method for nonlinear advection-diffusion models
Creators: name: Tunc, Huseyin
name: Sari, Murat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65L05, 65L06, 34K28

description: A new implicit-explicit local differential transform method (IELDTM) is derived here for time integration of the nonlinear advection-diffusion processes represented by (2+1)-dimensional Burgers equation. The IELDTM is adaptively constructed as stability preserved and high order time integrator for spatially discretized Burgers equation. For spatial discretization of the model equation, the Chebyshev spectral collocation method (ChCM) is utilized. A robust stability analysis and global error analysis of the IELDTM are presented with respect to the direction parameter θ. With the help of the global error analysis, adaptivity equations are derived to minimize the computational costs of the algorithms. The produced method is shown to eliminate the accuracy disadvantage of the classical θ-method and the stability disadvantages of the existing DTM-based methods. Two examples of the Burgers equation in one and two dimensions have been solved via the ChCM-IELDTM hybridization, and the produced results are compared with the literature. The present time integrator has been proven to produce more accurate numerical results than the MATLAB solvers, ode45 and ode15s.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures and 2 tables
Mass Measurement of the Decaying Bino at the LHC
Creators: name: Asai, Shoji
name: Azuma, Yuya
name: Jinnouchi, Osamu
name: Moroi, Takeo
name: Shirai, Satoshi
name: Yanagida, T. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In some class of supersymmetric (SUSY) models, the neutral Wino becomes the lightest superparticle and the Bino decays into the Wino and standard-model particles. In such models, we show that the measurement of the Bino mass is possible if the short charged tracks (with the length of O(10 cm)) can be identified as a signal of the charged-Wino production. We pay particular attention to the anomaly-mediated SUSY-breaking (AMSB) model with a generic form of Kähler potential, in which only the gauginos are kinematically accessible superparticles to the LHC, and discuss the implication of the Bino mass measurement for the test of the AMSB model.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Anxiety and depression among medical doctors in Catalonia, Italy, and the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Creators: name: Quintana-Domeque, Climent
name: Lee, Ines
name: Zhang, Anwen
name: Proto, Eugenio
name: Battisti, Michele
name: Ho, Antonia
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Medicine and health sciences
People and places

description: Healthcare workers have had the longest and most direct exposure to COVID-19 and consequently may suffer from poor mental health. We conducted one of the first repeated multi-country analysis of the mental wellbeing of medical doctors (n = 5,275) at two timepoints during the COVID-19 pandemic (June 2020 and November/December 2020) to understand the prevalence of anxiety and depression, as well as associated risk factors. Rates of anxiety and depression were highest in Italy (24.6% and 20.1%, June 2020), second highest in Catalonia (15.9% and 17.4%, June 2020), and lowest in the UK (11.7% and 13.7%, June 2020). Across all countries, higher risk of anxiety and depression symptoms were found among women, individuals below 60 years old, those feeling vulnerable/exposed at work, and those reporting normal/below-normal health. We did not find systematic differences in mental health measures between the two rounds of data collection, hence we cannot discard that the mental health repercussions of the pandemic are persistent.
Comparative Study of the Effects of Rare Earth Ions Doped BiSrFeO3 Nanomultiferroic
Creators: name: Ayman Hamdy Abdelmageed, M.
name: Abdelaal, M.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
New Materials and Concepts for Cells

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 274-278
description: We report a comparative study of rare-earth ions substituted BiSrFeO3 (BSFO) crystal for; BSFO,
Bi0.57Sr0.4Y0.03FeO3, Bi0.57Sr0.4Nd0.03FeO3, Bi0.57Sr0.4Ce0.03FeO3, and Bi0.57Sr0.4La0.03FeO3, respectively are
successfully synthesized by using flash autocombustion reaction. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals a crystal
transformation from rhombohedral to hexagonal upon substitution rare earth ions and a clear hexagonal grain growth
habit is seen by SEM microstructure. The doping rare earth ions to BSFO improved the magnetic properties specially
Y3+ and Nd3+ ions. We argue that the addition of RE is likely to suppress the spiral spin modulation and at the same
time increase the canting angle which favors the enhanced ferromagnetism. Excess Bi is expected to act as point
defects and occupy interstitial positions which in turn surrounded by oxygen vacancies and is likely to promote defect
driven ferromagnetism with enhanced spin and electric polarization.
A group method solving many-body systems in intermediate statistical representation
Creators: name: Shen, Yao
name: Zhou, Chi-Chun
name: Dai, Wu-sheng
name: Xie, Mi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact solution of the interacting many-body system is important and is difficult to solve. In this paper, we introduce a group method to solve the interacting many-body problem using the relation between the permutation group and the unitary group. We prove a group theorem first, then using the theorem, we represent the Hamiltonian of the interacting many-body system by the Casimir operators of unitary group. The eigenvalues of Casimir operators could give the exact values of energy and thus solve those problems exactly. This method maps the interacting many-body system onto an intermediate statistical representation. We give the relation between the conjugacy-class operator of permutation group and the Casimir operator of unitary group in the intermediate statistical representation, called the Gentile representation. Bose and Fermi cases are two limitations of the Gentile representation. We also discuss the representation space of symmetric and unitary group in the Gentile representation and give an example of the Heisenberg model to demonstrate this method. It is shown that this method is effective to solve interacting many-body problems.
description: 11 pages, 0 figures
Building Disaster Resilience to Address Household Food Security: The Case of Sta. Rosa-Silang Subwatershed
Creators: name: Rañola, Roberto F.
name: Cuestar, Michal
name: Razafindrabe, Bam
name: Kada, Ryohei
name: Rañola, Roberto F.
name: Cuestar, Michal
name: Razafindrabe, Bam
name: Kada, Ryohei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: household disaster resilience
subject: natural hazards
subject: food security
subject: watershed

description: The Laguna Lake Region is one of the places in the Philippines that are most vulnerable to natural disasters because of their location and ecological condition. Among the natural calamities that regularly hit the country, one of the most frequent and disastrous is flooding. The most affected are the poor who are faced with the double risk of being food insecure and living in conditions that are very vulnerable to natural hazards. The most negative and long-term effect of flooding is reduction in food security because flooding erodes the asset base of households that in turn results in the adoption of negative adaptation strategies. The impact of flooding on household food security however depends on disaster resilience - the capacity of households to absorb the adverse consequences. But what constitutes resiliency? What factors affect resiliency? A case study was made in the Sta. Rosa-Silang Subwatershed with the intention of developing a resiliency index that would indicate the capacity of households to absorb the negative consequences of flood disasters. Results show that resilience, which is multidimensional, is determined by demographic and socioeconomic conditions, social capital, amount of damages or losses, social safety nets, and quality of local governance. Specifically, the results show that household disaster resiliency is negatively related to the level of exposure to natural hazards and positively related to the economic capability of households and the community standard of living. In addition, the study demonstrates that enhancing household resiliency could be an important component of any strategy to address food insecurity due to natural hazards. Thus, in disaster-prone areas, measures to enhance household disaster resilience should be an integral part of food security strategies and policies. The role of the resilience index becomes crucial to the evaluation of the conditions of a target population.
Improving the Continual Learning Model VAG
Creators: name: Gabriele, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: In recent years, there has been significant progress in developing computers and machines that can think like humans. This field of study is known as Continual Learning.

One of the essential characteristics of human-like thinking is the capacity to recall past events and acquire new knowledge without forgetting what was formerly learned. This last aspect is crucial since one of the most significant challenges with continual learning is Catastrophic Forgetting. The process of learning new things can cause the model to forget the past, which is a significant issue that needs to be addressed. Various solutions exist for multi-task environments, including Vocabulary-Aware Label Generation (VAG).
The VAG model will be improved using a multi-label approach with more instances for each dataset and mixing different techniques to avoid Catastrophic Forgetting, thereby increasing accuracy.

The initial attempts to improve the VAG involved modifying the class labels in the used datasets (BANKING77 and CLINC150, both public and used by the original VAG model too), but this did not yield positive results. Eventually, better results were achieved by adding labels supporting each sentence, rather than modifying them. This resulted in having more than one label for each input sentence and led to improved accuracy compared to the original VAG. A new and improved sentence transformer will be used to increase accuracy further. Finally, a combination of the VAG and the Elastic-Weight Combination (EWC) will be demonstrated, resulting in the best accuracy presented in this project.
O-minimal cohomology: finiteness and invariance results
Creators: name: Berarducci, Alessandro
name: Fornasiero, Antongiulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C64, 14P25, 55N30

description: We prove that the cohomology groups of a definably compact set over an o-minimal expansion of a group are finitely generated and invariant under elementary extensions and expansions of the language. We also study the cohomology of the intersection of a definable decreas-ing family of definably compact sets, under the additional assumption that the o-minimal structure expands a field.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures and diagrams Added the hypothesis that singletons are construcible to section 3. Corrected misprints
Peptide based drug delivery systems to the brain
Creators: name: Islam, Yamir
name: Leach, Andrew G
name: Smith, Jayden
name: Pluchino, Stefano
name: Coxonl, Christopher R
name: Sivakumaran, Muttuswamy
name: Downing, James
name: Fatokun, Amos A
name: Teixidò, Meritxell
name: Ehtezazi, Touraj
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Topical Review
blood brain barrier
drug delivery
brain
nanoparticles
nanotechnology
shuttle peptides

description: Abstract: With estimated worldwide cost over $1 trillion just for dementia, diseases of the central nervous system pose a major problem to health and healthcare systems, with significant socio-economic implications for sufferers and society at large. In the last two decades, numerous strategies and technologies have been developed and adapted to achieve drug penetration into the brain, evolving alongside our understanding of the physiological barriers between the brain and surrounding tissues. The blood brain barrier (BBB) has been known as the major barrier for drug delivery to the brain. Both invasive and minimally-invasive approaches have been investigated extensively, with the minimally-invasive approaches to drug delivery being more suitable. Peptide based brain targeting has been explored extensively in the last two decades. In this review paper, we focused on self-assembled peptides, shuttle peptides and nanoparticles drug delivery systems decorated/conjugated with peptides for brain penetration.
Resonant electromagnetic emission from intrinsic Josephson-junction stacks with laterally modulated Josephson critical current
Creators: name: Koshelev, A. E.
name: Bulaevskii, L. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intrinsic Josephson-junction stacks realized in mesas fabricated out of high-temperature superconductors may be used as sources of coherent electromagnetic radiation in the terahertz range. The major challenge is to synchronize Josephson oscillations in all junctions in the stack to get significant radiation out of the crystal edge parallel to the c axis. We suggest a simple way to solve this problem via artificially prepared lateral modulation of the Josephson critical current identical in all junctions. In such a stack phase oscillations excite the in-phase Fiske mode when the Josephson frequency matches the Fiske-resonance frequency which is set by the stack lateral size. The powerful almost standing electromagnetic wave is excited inside the crystal in the resonance. This wave is homogeneous across the layers meaning that the oscillations are synchronized in all junctions in the stack. We evaluate behavior of the I-V characteristics and radiated power near the resonance for arbitrary modulation and find exact solutions for several special cases corresponding to symmetric and asymmetric modulations of the critical current.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Changes in the quantity and quality of time use during the COVID-19 lockdowns in the UK: Who is the most affected?
Creators: name: Lee, Ines
name: Tipoe, Eileen
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: Engineering and technology
subject: FOS: Engineering and technology
subject: People and places
subject: Biology and life sciences

description: Funder: IZA Institute of Labor Economics
description: We investigated changes in the quantity and quality of time spent on various activities in response to the COVID-19-induced national lockdowns in the UK. We examined effects both in the first national lockdown (May 2020) and the third national lockdown (March 2021). Using retrospective longitudinal time-use diary data collected from a demographically diverse sample of over 760 UK adults in both lockdowns, we found significant changes in both the quantity and quality of time spent on broad activity categories (employment, housework, leisure). Individuals spent less time on employment-related activities (in addition to a reduction in time spent commuting) and more time on housework. These effects were concentrated on individuals with young children. Individuals also spent more time doing leisure activities (e.g. hobbies) alone and conducting employment-related activities outside normal working hours, changes that were significantly correlated with decreases in overall enjoyment. Changes in quality exacerbated existing inequalities in quantity of time use, with parents of young children being disproportionately affected. These findings indicate that quality of time use is another important consideration for policy design and evaluation.
Recent Results from PHENIX
Creators: name: Rosati, Marzia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: sqm19
phenix
charm
bottom
π0
J/Ψ
raa
flow
drell-yan
direct photon
jet
modification
correlations
small systems
au+au
cu+au
cu+cu
φ
ω
strange
u+u
p+au
3he+au
open charm
p+al
p+p
thermal photon

description: Summary talk presented at the Strangeness in Quark Matter 2019 conference, Bari, Italy
Assigning the right credit to the wrong action: compulsivity in the general population is associated with augmented outcome-irrelevant value-based learning.
Creators: name: Shahar, Nitzan
name: Hauser, Tobias U
name: Moran, Rani
name: Moutoussis, Michael
name: NSPN Consortium
name: Bullmore, Edward T
name: Dolan, Raymond J
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/378/1595
/631/477/2811
article

description: Funder: NIHR Senior Investigator (RNAG/356)
description: Compulsive behavior is enacted under a belief that a specific act controls the likelihood of an undesired future event. Compulsive behaviors are widespread in the general population despite having no causal relationship with events they aspire to influence. In the current study, we tested whether there is an increased tendency to assign value to aspects of a task that do not predict an outcome (i.e., outcome-irrelevant learning) among individuals with compulsive tendencies. We studied 514 healthy individuals who completed self-report compulsivity, anxiety, depression, and schizotypal measurements, and a well-established reinforcement-learning task (i.e., the two-step task). As expected, we found a positive relationship between compulsivity and outcome-irrelevant learning. Specifically, individuals who reported having stronger compulsive tendencies (e.g., washing, checking, grooming) also tended to assign value to response keys and stimuli locations that did not predict an outcome. Controlling for overall goal-directed abilities and the co-occurrence of anxious, depressive, or schizotypal tendencies did not impact these associations. These findings indicate that outcome-irrelevant learning processes may contribute to the expression of compulsivity in a general population setting. We highlight the need for future research on the formation of non-veridical action-outcome associations as a factor related to the occurrence and maintenance of compulsive behavior.
Tweeting about twenty: an analysis of interest, public sentiments and opinion about 20mph speed restrictions in two UK cities.
Creators: name: Semwal, Tushar
name: Milton, Karen
name: Jepson, Ruth
name: Kelly, Mike
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research
Pubklic health
Policy
Intervention
Speed restrictions
Social media
Twitter mining
Sentiment analysis

description: BACKGROUND: Twenty miles per hour (20mph) speed limits (equivalent to roughly 30kmh) have become part of public health policies to reduce urban road collisions and casualties, especially in Western countries. Public opinion plays a crucial role in opposition to and acceptance of policies that are advocated for improving public health. Twenty miles per hour speed limit policies were implemented in Edinburgh and Belfast from 2016 to 2018. In this paper, we extract public opinion and sentiments expressed about the new 20mph speed limits in those cities using publicly available Twitter data. METHODS: We analysed public sentiments from Twitter data and classified the public comments in plain English into the categories 'positive', 'neutral', and 'negative'. We also explored the frequency and sources of the tweets. RESULTS: The total volume of tweets was higher for Edinburgh than for Belfast, but the volume of tweets followed a similar pattern, peaking around 2016, which is when the schemes were implemented. Overall, the tone of the tweets was positive or neutral towards the implementation of the speed limit policies. This finding was surprising as there is a perception among policymakers that there would have been public backlash against these sorts of policy changes. The commonly used hashtags focused largely on road safety and other potential benefits, for example to air pollution. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, public attitudes towards the policies were positive, thus policymakers should be less anxious about potential public backlash when considering the scale-up of 20mph speed restrictions.
Dermal Pericytes Exhibit Declined Ability to Promote Human Skin Regeneration with Ageing in 3D Organotypic Culture Models.
Creators: name: Zhuang, Lizhe
name: Visalakshan, Rahul M
name: Kaur, Pritinder
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: skin
dermis
pericyte
microenvironment
human
ageing

description: The well documented decline in the regenerative ability of ageing human skin has been attributed to many factors including genomic instability, telomere shortening, poor nutrient sensing, cellular senescence, and stem cell exhaustion. However, a role for the dermal cellular and molecular microenvironment in skin ageing is just emerging. We previously showed that dermal pericytes co-operate with fibroblasts to improve human skin regeneration in an organotypic skin culture model, and even do so in the absence of fibroblasts. Here, we report that the number of dermal cells, particularly pericytes, declines significantly in human skin of donors aged > 50 years. Notably, aged pericytes promoted epidermal regeneration of neonatal keratinocytes in organotypic cultures and the resulting epithelium exhibited a Ki67+/ΔNp63+ basal layer and terminal differentiation. However, the epithelium lacked several features of homeostasis displaying lower levels of ΔNp63 expression, decreased LAMA5 deposition at the dermo-epidermal junction, and the absence of basement membrane and hemi-desmosome assembly. We conclude that a decline in pericyte incidence and function contribute to an impaired epidermal microenvironment and poor skin regeneration with ageing in the human skin.
New absolute magnitude calibrations for W Ursa Majoris type binaries
Creators: name: Eker, Z.
name: Bilir, S.
name: Yaz, E.
name: Demircan, O.
name: Helvaci, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parallaxes of W UMa stars in the Hipparcos catalogue have been analyzed. 31 W UMa stars, which have the most accurate parallaxes ($σ_π/π<0.15$) which are neither associated with a photometric tertiary nor with evidence of a visual companion, were selected for re-calibrating the Period--Luminosity--Color (PLC) relation of W UMa stars. Using the Lutz--Kelker (LK) bias corrected (most probable) parallaxes, periods ($0.26< P(day)< 0.87$), and colors (0.04
description: 9 pages, 8 figures and 2 tables, accepted for publication in Astronomische Nachrichten
Multimodal Situated Analytics (MuSA) for Analyzing Conversations in Extended Reality
Creators: name: Naik, Ashwini Ganapati
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Meetings and conversations today are multimodal in nature, including the usage of diverse technologies in the form of text, video, images, voice, AI agents, and also immersive technologies. If it were possible to replay important multimodal conversations in their spatial and chronological contexts, it would benefit several audiences, such as - researchers to study and analyze multimodal conversations, novices in any field who could learn from experts, experts who have missed being part of crucial conversations. However, recreating such multimodal interactions requires integrating all of the modalities used in the conversation. Immersive environments provide a convenient setting to present data with its spatial and temporal referents through the use of situated analytics. We present MuSA (Multimodal Situated Analytics), an immersive environment prototype, as a way to recreate multimodal conversations for exploration and analysis in immersive environments. Our development pipeline consisted of various stages such as data capturing, data cleaning, data synchronization, prototype building, and deploying the final product to end-user hardware. We conducted two comprehensive user studies to evaluate the usability, user adoption, and space usage during the exploration of multimodal conversations with our application. In the first study, we explore conversations between seated participants (n=12), and in the second, we explore conversations between non-seated moving participants (n=13). We share insights gained during the development phase, as well as empirical results and feedback collected through both user studies.
Proposal for Higgs and Superpartner Searches at the LHCb Experiment
Creators: name: Kaplan, David E.
name: Rehermann, Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectrum of supersymmetric theories with R-parity violation are much more weakly constrained than that of supersymmetric theories with a stable neutralino. We investigate the signatures of supersymmetry at the LHCb experiment in the region of parameter space where the neutralino decay leaves a displaced vertex. We find sensitivity to squark production up to squark masses of order 1 TeV. We note that if the Higgs decays to neutralinos in this scenario, LHCb should see the lightest Higgs boson before ATLAS and CMS.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Green's matrices of second order elliptic systems with measurable coefficients in two dimensional domains
Creators: name: Dong, Hongjie
name: Kim, Seick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A08, 35B65, 35J45

description: We study Green's matrices for divergence form, second order strongly elliptic systems with bounded measurable coefficients in two dimensional domains. We establish existence, uniqueness, and pointwise estimates of the Green's matrices.
description: 18 pages
Return of individual research results from genomic research: A systematic review of stakeholder perspectives.
Creators: name: Vears, Danya F
name: Minion, Joel T
name: Roberts, Stephanie J
name: Cummings, James
name: Machirori, Mavis
name: Blell, Mwenza
name: Budin-Ljøsne, Isabelle
name: Cowley, Lorraine
name: Dyke, Stephanie OM
name: Gaff, Clara
name: Green, Robert
name: Hall, Alison
name: Johns, Amber L
name: Knoppers, Bartha M
name: Mulrine, Stephanie
name: Patch, Christine
name: Winkler, Eva
name: Murtagh, Madeleine J
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences

description: Funder: Canada Research Chair in Law and Medicine
description: Funder: Genome Quebec
description: Funder: Genome Canada; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100008762
description: Funder: Canada Institute of Health Research
description: Funder: Franca Fund
description: Funder: Can-SHARE Connect
description: Despite the plethora of empirical studies conducted to date, debate continues about whether and to what extent results should be returned to participants of genomic research. We aimed to systematically review the empirical literature exploring stakeholders' perspectives on return of individual research results (IRR) from genomic research. We examined preferences for receiving or willingness to return IRR, and experiences with either receiving or returning them. The systematic searches were conducted across five major databases in August 2018 and repeated in April 2020, and included studies reporting findings from primary research regardless of method (quantitative, qualitative, mixed). Articles that related to the clinical setting were excluded. Our search identified 221 articles that met our search criteria. This included 118 quantitative, 69 qualitative and 34 mixed methods studies. These articles included a total number of 118,874 stakeholders with research participants (85,270/72%) and members of the general public (40,967/35%) being the largest groups represented. The articles spanned at least 22 different countries with most (144/65%) being from the USA. Most (76%) discussed clinical research projects, rather than biobanks. More than half (58%) gauged views that were hypothetical. We found overwhelming evidence of high interest in return of IRR from potential and actual genomic research participants. There is also a general willingness to provide such results by researchers and health professionals, although they tend to adopt a more cautious stance. While all results are desired to some degree, those that have the potential to change clinical management are generally prioritized by all stakeholders. Professional stakeholders appear more willing to return results that are reliable and clinically relevant than those that are less reliable and lack clinical relevance. The lack of evidence for significant enduring psychological harm and the clear benefits to some research participants suggest that researchers should be returning actionable IRRs to participants.
Imbalanced superfluid state in an annular disk
Creators: name: Ye, Fei
name: Chen, Yan
name: Wang, Z. D.
name: Zhang, F. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The imbalanced superfluid state of spin-1/2 fermions with s-wave pairing is numerically studied by solving the Bogoliubov-de-Gennes equation at zero temperature in an annular disk geometry with narrow radial width. Two distinct types of systems are considered. The first case may be relevant to heavy fermion superconductors, where magnetic field causes spin imbalance via Zeeman interaction and the system is studied in a grand canonical ensemble. As the magnetic field increases, the system is transformed from the uniform superfluid state to the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state, and finally to the spin polarized normal state. The second case may be relevant to cold fermionic systems, where the numbers of fermions of each species are fixed as in a canonical ensemble. In this case, the groundstate depends on the pairing strength. For weak pairing, the order parameter exhibits a periodic domain wall lattice pattern with a localized spin distribution at low spin imbalance, and a sinusoidally modulated pattern with extended spin distribution at high spin imbalance. For strong pairing, the phase separation between superfluid state and polarized normal state is found to be more preferable, while the increase of spin imbalance simply changes the ratio between them.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures. Final version with references added and discussion on Sarma state removed
Global Topology from an Embedding
Creators: name: Gilmore, Robert
name: Letellier, Christophe
name: Romanazzi, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An embedding of chaotic data into a suitable phase space creates a diffeomorphism of the original attractor with the reconstructed attractor. Although diffeomorphic, the original and reconstructed attractors may not be topologically equivalent. In a previous work we showed how the original and reconstructed attractors can differ when the original is three-dimensional and of genus-one type. In the present work we extend this result to three-dimensional attractors of arbitrary genus. This result describes symmetries exhibited by the Lorenz attractor and its reconstructions.
Operations and Profitability of Snail Dredging in Laguna, Rizal and Pasig City
Creators: name: Piadozo, Eden S.
name: Rañola, Roberto F.
name: Malabayabas, Joy N.
name: Hamada, Dominic M.
name: Piadozo, Eden S.
name: Rañola, Roberto F.
name: Malabayabas, Joy N.
name: Hamada, Dominic M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: snail dredging
subject: Laguna Lake
subject: gross margin analysis

description: The objective of this study is to provide a better understanding of the snail dredging industry and its current situation. Specifically, it describes the snail dredging activities done in selected areas in Laguna Lake, determines the profitability of snail dredging, and identifies the market destinations of the snails dredged. Snail dredging has been banned because of its adverse effects on the lake environment. However, the study finds that snail dredgers continue to operate all year round. On a daily basis, dredging operations range from 4 to 10 hours. Snails dredged from Laguna Lake are brought to the provinces of Pampanga (41%), Bulacan (13%), Quezon (9%) and Laguna (37%). Gross margin analysis was employed to determine the profitability of the snail dredging business. With a GM/GS ratio of 0.15 for both Rizal and Laguna dredgers and 0.14 for Pasig dredgers, snail dredging is not a lucrative business that can provide the snail dredgers a high income. Despite the prohibitions and low profitability, snail dredgers are likely to remain in the business due to the following reasons: (1) the operators and hired workers lack alternative high paying jobs and sure source of income, (2) there is high demand for snails from duck and prawn farms, and (3) high investment cost. Further research is needed to determine how snails can be profitably grown without aggravating the lake’s current condition.
W-Symmetry of the Adelic Grassmannian
Creators: name: Ben-Zvi, David
name: Nevins, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a geometric construction of the W_{1+infty} vertex algebra as the infinitesimal form of a factorization structure on an adelic Grassmannian. This gives a concise interpretation of the higher symmetries and Backlund-Darboux transformations for the KP hierarchy and its multicomponent extensions in terms of a version of "W_{1+infty}-geometry": the geometry of D-bundles on smooth curves, or equivalently torsion-free sheaves on cuspidal curves.
baerhunter manuscript data
Creators: name: Nobeli, Irene
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: baerhunter
bacterial RNA-seq
non-coding RNA

description: The files in this repository are data required to reproduce the analysis presented in the baerhunter manuscript (A. Ozuna, D. Liberto, R. M. Joyce, K.B. Arnvig, I. Nobeli. baerhunter: An R package for the discovery and analysis of expressed non-coding regions in bacterial RNA-seq data.) . Files beginning with "output" in their name are the actual output of running the scripts available from https://github.com/irilenia/baerhunter_paper .

A description of how to use these data is given in the R markdown scripts available from:  https://github.com/irilenia/baerhunter_paper
description: {"references": ["A. Ozuna, D. Liberto, R. M. Joyce, K.B. Arnvig, I. Nobeli. baerhunter: An R package for the discovery and analysis of expressed non-coding regions in bacterial RNA-seq data."]}
The Congo's Agricultural Economy in Brief
Creators: name: Skinner, Snider W.
name: Skinner, Snider W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1965
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Development
International Relations/Trade
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Excerpts from the report: The large area of the Republic of the Congo and the wide range of altitudes and climates make possible the growing of a variety of crops. Some are suited to the tropics; others are usually grown in the temperate zones. Tropical tree crops for export make up a large part of the agricultural product. These include palm oil and palm kernels (produced from the same trees), coffee, rubber, bananas, cocoa, tea, and cinchona (for quinine). Classified another way, oilseeds make up a large proportion of agricultural production. In addition to palm products, the Congo harvests cottonseed, peanuts, and a little sesame. Food crops for domestic use include cassava (manioc), plantains (cooking bananas), sweetpotatoes, corn, grain sorghum, millet, rice, peas and beans, and sugarcane. Agricultural products made up 28 percent of all exports in 1963. Earlier, the proportion had varied from a third to a half. The three main agricultural exports are palm produce, coffee, and rubber. Before independence, cotton exports were also important. Cotton is now imported. Agricultural imports in 1963 comprised 24 percent of all imports. This is a rather high proportion in comparison with other countries of tropical Africa. The United States was by far the leading supplier of agricultural products to the Congo, accounting for well over half.
Effects of Extension Services on the Technical Efficiency of Rice Farmers in Albay, 2014-2015
Creators: name: Peña, Lyndon A.
name: Bathan, Bates M.
name: Peña, Lyndon A.
name: Bathan, Bates M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: extension services
subject: technical efficiency
subject: FITS program

description: Through the Farmers Information and Technology Services (FITS) program, extension services in the form of trainings and seminars, and education and communication materials were provided to rice farmers in Albay. Using farm-level input-output data covering the wet season of 2014 and the socio-economic and farm-specific characteristics of randomly sampled 30 farmer beneficiaries and 30 non-beneficiaries, a stochastic production function and technical inefficiency model were estimated. Results of the study reveal that beneficiaries have higher input utilization, yield and technical efficiency than non-beneficiaries. Furthermore, the amount of seed and fertilizer significantly and positively affects the yield of rice. In addition, the number of trainings and seminars attended, number of information, education and communication (IEC) materials availed, and distance of farms to FITS center are the significant determinants of technical inefficiency. The problems encountered in rice production are the occurrences of typhoons and floods, high cost of inputs, insufficient capital, pest infestation and limited knowledge of new farming technologies. It is recommended that non-beneficiaries be encouraged to participate in FITS program and form farmers’ association, irrigators’ association or cooperative, as well as monitor the performance of farmer beneficiaries.