Pholcus khaolek Huber, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Berhard A. Huber
name: Booppa Petchard
name: Charles Leh Moi Ung
name: Joseph K. H. Koh
name: Amir R. M. Ghazali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Pholcidae
Pholcus
Pholcus khaolek

description: Pholcus khaolek Huber, sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2A1CAF47-9EB4-480C-8C83-DFB0162AF617
Figs 52–53, 63–78, 99–101
Diagnosis
Easily distinguished from most similar known relative (Ph. kuhapimuk sp. nov.) by morphology of male palps (Figs 63–64; shapes of male palpal tarsus and procursus tip, larger uncus, complex appendix with retrolateral process) and by female internal genitalia (Figs 66–67; distinctive median triangular sclerite). From other close relatives also by combination of pale coloration (Figs 52–53), shape of male palpal trochanter apophysis (curved, proximally wide, distally pointed; Fig. 64), and shape and position of pore plates (Fig. 67).
Etymology
The species name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.
Type material
THAILAND: holotype, ♂, ZFMK (Ar 15028), Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khao Nan National Park, Tham Khao Lek (8°46.09' N, 98°43.68' E), 95 m a.s.l., on rock walls around cave, 10 Mar. 2015 (B.A. Huber, B. Petcharad).
Other material examined
THAILAND: 6 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀, 2 juvs, ZFMK (5 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, Ar 15029–30) and PSUZC (1 ♂, 1 ♀), same data as holotype; 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, 3 juvs, in absolute ethanol, ZFMK (Mal 350), same data.
Description
Male (holotype)
MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 4.6, carapace width 1.3. Leg 1: 48.6 (11.6 + 0.6 + 11.7 + 22.8 + 1.9), tibia 2: 7.9, tibia 3: 4.5, tibia 4: 6.3; tibia 1 L/d: 95. Distance PME-PME 340 µm, diameter PME 125 µm, distance PME-ALE ~35 µm; distance AME-AME 50 µm; diameter AME 55 µm.
COLOR. Carapace pale ochre-yellow with pair of light brown marks posteriorly; ocular area and clypeus not darkened; sternum light brown with lighter marks and dark lateral margins; legs ochre-yellow with dark brown patellae and tibia-metatarsus joints; abdomen monochromous ochre-gray.
BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 53; ocular area slightly raised, with brushes of stronger hairs behind each PME (Figs 68–69); carapace without median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum wider than long (0.84/0.52), unmodified. ALS with one widened, one pointed, and six smaller cylindrically shaped spigots of varying sizes (Fig. 78).
CHELICERAE. As in Fig. 65, with pair of distal frontal apophyses provided with two to three modified (cone-shaped) hairs each (Fig. 70), pair of rounded lateral processes, and pair of small indistinct proximal frontal humps.
PALPS. As in Figs 63–64; coxa unmodified; trochanter with large retrolatero-ventral apophysis; femur proximally widened on ventral side, with small retrolatero-dorsal apophysis; tarsus without dorsal elongation; procursus rather simple (Figs 71–72), with prolateral weakly sclerotized process and transparent membranous structures; procursus tip as in Fig. 75; bulb with distinctive uncus and appendix with retrolateral process (Fig. 73); weakly sclerotized short embolus.
LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs; few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 6%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1, present on other tibiae; tarsus 1 with> 30 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. Tarsus 4 comb-hairs as in Fig. 71.
Male (variation)
Tibia 1 in 5 other males: 10.1–12.8 (mean 11.7). Some males with white marks on abdomen.
Female
In general similar to male (Fig. 52) but without stronger hairs behind PME; eye triads closer together than in male (PME-PME distance: 220 µm). Tibia 1 in 5 females: 8.7–10.1 (mean 9.3). Epigynum weakly sclerotized bulging area, only posterior area more strongly sclerotized, with small but distinct ‘knob’ (Figs 66, 77, 99–100); internal genitalia as in Figs 67 and 101, with anterior arch and distinctive triangular sclerite visible through cuticle.
Natural history
This species was abundant at the type locality on vertical and slightly overhanging smooth rocks. Specimens were observed tightly pressed against the rock surface, in some cases with a small domed web nearby. When disturbed, the spiders dropped to the ground.
Distribution
Known from type locality only (Fig. 57).
description: Published as part of Berhard A. Huber, Booppa Petchard, Charles Leh Moi Ung, Joseph K. H. Koh & Amir R. M. Ghazali, 2016, The Southeast Asian Pholcus halabala species group (Araneae, Pholcidae): new data from field observations and ultrastructure, pp. 1-55 in European Journal of Taxonomy 190 (190) on pages 21-24, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.190, http://zenodo.org/record/831004