cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (3D(pol)). Divalent cation modulation of primer, template, and nucleotide selection
Creators: name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Ghosh, S.K.B.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Ghosh, S.K.B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: We have analyzed the divalent cation specificity of poliovirus RNA- dependent RNA polymerase, 3D(pol). The following preference was observed: Mn2+ > Co2+ > Ni2+ > Fe2+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > Cu2+, and Zn2+ was incapable of supporting 3D(pol)-catalyzed nucleotide incorporation. In the presence of Mn2+, 3D(pol) activity was increased by greater than 10-fold relative to that in the presence of Mg2+. Steady-state kinetic analysis revealed that the increased activity observed in the presence of Mn2+ was due, primarily, to a reduction in the K(M) value for 3D(pol) binding to primer/template, without any significant effect on the K(M) value for nucleotide. The ability of 3D(pol) to catalyze RNA synthesis de novo was also stimulated approximately 10-fold by using Mn2+, and the enzyme was now capable of also utilizing a DNA template for primer-independent RNA synthesis. Interestingly, the use of Mn2+ as divalent cation permitted 3D(pol) activity to be monitored by following extension of 5'-32P-end- labeled, heteropolymeric RNA primer/templates. The kinetics of primer extension were biphasic because of the enzyme binding to primer/template in both possible orientations. When bound in the incorrect orientation, 3D(pol) was capable of efficient addition of nucleotides to the blunt-ended duplex; this activity was also apparent in the presence of Mg2+. In the presence of Mn2+, 3D(pol) efficiently utilized dNTPs, ddNTPs, and incorrect NTPs. On average, three incorrect nucleotides could be incorporated by 3D(pol). The ability of 3D(pol) to incorporate the correct dNTP, but not the correct ddNTP, was also observed in the presence of Mg2+. Taken together, these results provide the first glimpse into the nucleotide specificity and fidelity of the poliovirus polymerase and suggest novel alternatives for the design of primer/templates to study the mechanism of 3D(pol)-catalyzed nucleotide incorporation.
The Nature of Optically Dull Active Galactic Nuclei in COSMOS
Creators: name: Trump, Jonathan R.
name: Impey, Chris D.
name: Taniguchi, Yoshi
name: Brusa, Marcella
name: Civano, Francesca
name: Elvis, Martin
name: Gabor, Jared M.
name: Jahnke, Knud
name: Kelly, Brandon C.
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Salvato, Mara
name: Shioya, Yasuhiro
name: Capak, Peter
name: Huchra, John P.
name: Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.
name: Lanzuisi, Giorgio
name: McCarthy, Patrick J.
name: Maineri, Vincenzo
name: Scoville, Nick Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present infrared, optical, and X-ray data of 48 X-ray bright, optically dull AGNs in the COSMOS field. These objects exhibit the X-ray luminosity of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) but lack broad and narrow emission lines in their optical spectrum. We show that despite the lack of optical emission lines, most of these optically dull AGNs are not well-described by a typical passive red galaxy spectrum: instead they exhibit weak but significant blue emission like an unobscured AGN. Photometric observations over several years additionally show significant variability in the blue emission of four optically dull AGNs. The nature of the blue and infrared emission suggest that the optically inactive appearance of these AGNs cannot be caused by obscuration intrinsic to the AGNs. Instead, up to ~70% of optically dull AGNs are diluted by their hosts, with bright or simply edge-on hosts lying preferentially within the spectroscopic aperture. The remaining ~30% of optically dull AGNs have anomalously high f_x/f_o ratios and are intrinsically weak, not obscured, in the optical. These optically dull AGNs are best described as a weakly accreting AGN with a truncated accretion disk from a radiatively inefficient accretion flow.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in the ApJ
Markus Laufs, »In viam pacis«. Praktiken niederländischer und päpstlicher Friedensvermittlung auf den Kongressen von Münster (1643–1649) und Nimwegen (1676–1679), Göttingen (V&R) 2022
Creators: name: Tischer, Anuschka
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Markus Laufs, »In viam pacis«. Praktiken niederländischer und päpstlicher Friedensvermittlung auf den Kongressen von Münster (1643–1649) und Nimwegen (1676–1679), Göttingen (V&R) 2022, 598 S. (Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Europäische Geschichte Mainz, 268), ISBN 978-3-525-31144-8, EUR 90,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Britta-Juliane Kruse, Gelehrtenkultur und Sammlungspraxis. Architektur, Akteure und Wissensorganisation in der Universitätsbibliothek Helmstedt (1576–1810), Berlin, Boston (De Gruyter Oldenbourg) 2023
Creators: name: Le Cam, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Britta-Juliane Kruse, Gelehrtenkultur und Sammlungspraxis. Architektur, Akteure und Wissensorganisation in der Universitätsbibliothek Helmstedt (1576–1810), Berlin, Boston (De Gruyter Oldenbourg) 2023, 442 S., 80 Abb. (Cultures and Practices of Knowledge in History, 14), ISBN 978-3-11-078864-8, EUR 129,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
PR - Technological Profile Of Brazilian Innovative Beef Farmers: Which Technologies These Farmers Adopt, Which They Donâ€™t And Reasons For The Difference (p316-323)
Creators: name: Pereira, Mariana De AragÃ£O
name: Woodford, Keith
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: technology adoption
subject: diffusion
subject: innovation

description: The adoption of 45 production, environmental and managerial technologies by 26 Brazilian innovative beef farmers is analysed in relation to technology attributes and adoption rationale. The farmers were purposively selected based on their self-enrolment in an organisation or program that promotes beef farming innovations. They were interviewed using a semi structured in-depth interview. On average, farmers adopted 27 of the 45 technologies, with highest adoption rates for production and managerial technologies. Environmental technologies perceived as more compatible with production systems had higher levels of adoption compared to other environmental technologies. In general, farmers adopted technologies that were compatible with their goals, farming systems and constraints. Results confirmed and extended Rogersâ€™ proposition of technologies attributes which influence adoption behaviour, and provided evidence for a hierarchy among these attributes. Compatibility and advantages relative to alternative technologies were the most important technology attributes in explaining adoption by individual farmers. Relevant but of secondary importance were observability and trialability prior to major commitment. Complexity was a deterrent to adoption but could be overcome by highly valued attributes aspects. Non-adoption was typically a considered decision consistent with goals and farming systems. Therefore, failure to adopt amongst innovative farmers should not in itself be considered an irrational behaviour or a failure of the research, development and extension systems.
description: Eighteenth International Farm Management Congress, Methven, New Zealand, 2011
Werner Greiling, Uwe Schirmer, Elke Anna Werner (Hg.), Luther auf der Wartburg 1521/22. Bibelübersetzung – Bibeldruck – Wirkungsgeschichte, Köln, Weimar, Wien (Böhlau) 2023
Creators: name: Lies, Jan Martin
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Werner Greiling, Uwe Schirmer, Elke Anna Werner (Hg.), Luther auf der Wartburg 1521/22. Bibelübersetzung – Bibeldruck – Wirkungsgeschichte, Köln, Weimar, Wien (Böhlau) 2023, 378 S., 79 Abb. (Quellen und Forschungen zu Thüringen im Zeitalter der Reformation, 13), ISBN 978-3-412-52008-3, EUR 60,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Notions of affinity in calculus of variations with differential forms
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Saugata
name: Sil, Swarnendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49JXX

description: Ext-int.\ one affine functions are functions affine in the direction of one-divisible exterior forms, with respect to exterior product in one variable and with respect to interior product in the other. The purpose of this article is to prove a characterization theorem for this class of functions, which plays an important role in the calculus of variations for differential forms.
Charlotte Guichard, Watteau – kolonial. Herrschaft, Handel und Galanterie im Frankreich des Régence/Colonial Watteau: Empire, Commerce and Galanterie in Regency France, Berlin, Boston (De Gruyter Oldenbourg) 2022
Creators: name: Beaurepaire, Pierre-Yves
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Charlotte Guichard, Watteau – kolonial. Herrschaft, Handel und Galanterie im Frankreich des Régence/Colonial Watteau: Empire, Commerce and Galanterie in Regency France, Berlin, Boston (De Gruyter Oldenbourg) 2022, 128 S., 35 farb. Abb., ISBN 978-3-422-99046-3, EUR 16,90.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Eric Gray Forbes, Tobias Mayer (1723–1762). Pionier der Naturwissenschaften der deutschen Aufklärungszeit, Göttingen (V&R) 2023
Creators: name: Splinter, Susan
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Eric Gray Forbes, Tobias Mayer (1723–1762). Pionier der Naturwissenschaften der deutschen Aufklärungszeit, Göttingen (V&R) 2023, 306 S., 21 z. T. farb. Tafeln und 34 s/w Abb., ISBN 978-3-525-31145-5, EUR 35,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Additional file 4 of Pediatric tuina for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in preschool children: study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Chen, Shu-Cheng
name: Yu, Juan
name: Suen, Lorna Kwai-Ping
name: Sun, Yan
name: Pang, Ya-Zheng
name: Wang, Dong-Dong
name: Zhao, Wen-Xia
name: Yeung, Wing-Fai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 4: Parent logbook of pediatric tuina group.
Claire Gantet, Helmut Zedelmaier (Hg.), Leseträume – Traumlektüren. Lesen und Traum in historischer Perspektive/Lire en rêve – lire des rêves. Lire et rêver dans une perspective historique, Basel (Schwabe Verlag) 2022
Creators: name: Meise, Helga
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Claire Gantet, Helmut Zedelmaier (Hg.), Leseträume – Traumlektüren. Lesen und Traum in historischer Perspektive/Lire en rêve – lire des rêves. Lire et rêver dans une perspective historique, Basel (Schwabe Verlag) 2022, 396 S., 32 s/w Abb., 11 farb. Abb., ISBN 978-3-7965-4671-6, CHF 70,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Some Remarks About Semiclassical Trace Invariants and Quantum Normal Forms
Creators: name: Guillemin, Victor
name: Paul, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we explore the connection between semi-classical and quantum Birkhoff canonical forms (BCF) for Schrodinger operators. In particular we give a "non-symbolic" operator theoretic derivation of the quantum Birkhoff canonical form and provide an explicit recipe for expressing the quantum BCF in terms of the semi-classical BCF.
On the best constant in {G}affney inequality
Creators: name: Csato, Gyula
name: Dacorogna, Bernard
name: Sil, Swarnendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss the value of the best constant in Gaffney inequality namely
 $$ \lVert \nabla ω\rVert_{L^{2}}^{2}\leq C\left( \lVert dω\rVert_{L^{2}}^{2}+\lVert δω\rVert_{L^{2}% }^{2}+\lVert ω\rVert_{L^{2}}^{2}\right) $$ when either $ν\wedgeω=0$ or $ν\,\lrcorner\,ω=0$ on $\partialΩ.$
Jérémie Ferrer-Bartomeu, L’État à la lettre. Écrit politique et société administrative en France au temps des guerres de religion (vers 1560–vers 1620), Ceyzérieu (Champ Vallon) 2022
Creators: name: Desgrange, Clément
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Jérémie Ferrer-Bartomeu, L’État à la lettre. Écrit politique et société administrative en France au temps des guerres de religion (vers 1560–vers 1620), Ceyzérieu (Champ Vallon) 2022, 368 p. (Époques), ISBN 979-10-267-1085-1, EUR 28,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Márta Fata, Melioration und Migration. Wasser und Gesellschaft in Mittel- und Ostmitteleuropa vom 17. bis Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, Stuttgart (Franz Steiner Verlag) 2022
Creators: name: Pelizaeus, Ludolf
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Márta Fata, Melioration und Migration. Wasser und Gesellschaft in Mittel- und Ostmitteleuropa vom 17. bis Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, Stuttgart (Franz Steiner Verlag) 2022, 346 S., 49 Abb. (Schriftenreihe des Instituts für donauschwäbische Geschichte und Landeskunde, 25), ISBN 978-3-515-13145-2, EUR 68,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Search for new physics in the mu+mu+e/mu+met channel with a low-pT lepton threshold at the Collider Detector at Fermilab
Creators: name: The CDF Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for new physics using three-lepton (trilepton) data collected with the CDF II detector and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 976 pb-1 is presented. The standard model predicts a low rate of trilepton events, which makes some supersymmetric processes, such as chargino-neutralino production, measurable in this channel. The mu+mu+l signature is investigated, where l is an electron or a muon, with the additional requirement of large missing transverse energy. In this analysis, the lepton transverse momenta with respect to the beam direction (pT) are as low as 5 GeV/c, a selection that improves the sensitivity to particles which are light as well as to ones which result in leptonically decaying tau leptons. At the same time, this low-p_T selection presents additional challenges due to the non-negligible heavy-quark background at low lepton momenta. This background is measured with an innovative technique using experimental data. Several dimuon and trilepton control regions are investigated, and good agreement between experimental results and standard-model predictions is observed. In the signal region, we observe one three-muon event and expect 0.4+/-0.1 mu+mu+l events
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables
Poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (3D(pol)) is sufficient for template switching in vitro
Creators: name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Arnold, J.J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: We have performed a systematic, quantitative analysis of the kinetics of nucleotide incorporation catalyzed by poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, 3D(pol). Homopolymeric primer/templates of defined length were used to evaluate the contribution of primer and template length and sequence to the efficiency of nucleotide incorporation without the complication of RNA structure. Interestingly, thermodynamic stability of the duplex region of these primer/templates was more important for efficient nucleotide incorporation than either primer or template length. Surprisingly, products greater than unit length formed in all reactions regardless of length or sequence. Neither a distributive nor a processive slippage mechanism could be used to explain completely the formation of long products. Rather, the data were consistent with a template-switching mechanism. All of the nucleotide could be polymerized during the course of the reaction. However, very few primers could be extended, suggesting an inverse correlation between the efficiency of primer utilization and that of nucleotide incorporation. Therefore, the greatest fraction of incorporated nucleotide derives from a small fraction of enzyme when radioactive nucleotide and homopolymeric primer/template substrates are employed. The impact of these results on mechanistic studies of 3D(pol)-catalyzed nucleotide incorporation and RNA recombination are discussed.
Non-extensive entropy of bosonic Fibonacci oscillators
Creators: name: Algin, Abdullah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss possible connections between the thermostatistical properties of a gas of the two-parameter deformed bosonic particles called Fibonacci oscillators and the properties of the Tsallis thermostatistics. In this framework, we particularly focus on a comparison of the non-extensive entropy functions expressed by these two generalized theories. We also show that the thermostatistics of the two-parameter deformed bosons can be studied by the formalism of Fibonacci calculus, which generalizes the recently proposed formalism by Lavagno and Narayana Swamy of q-calculus for the one-parameter deformed boson gas. As an application, we briefly summarize some of the recent results on the Bose-Einstein condensation phenomenon for the present two-parameter generalized boson gas.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures, accepted on JSTAT
Mutations in HIV reverse transcriptase which alter RNase H activity and decrease strand transfer efficiency are suppressed by HIV nucleocapsid protein
Creators: name: Ghosh, M.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Benkovic, S.J.
name: Benkovic, S.J.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Le Grice, S.F.J.
name: Ghosh, M.
name: Le Grice, S.F.J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Structural studies of authentic HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) suggest a role for the p51 carboxyl terminus in forming an active RNase H conformation [Rodgers, D. W., Gamblin, S. J., Harris, B. A., Ray, S., Culp, J. S., Hellmig, B., Woolf, D. J., Debouck, C. and Harrison, S.C. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 1222-1226]. We have purified mutant RT heterodimers containing deletion of 5, 9, or 13 amino acids from the p51 carboxyl terminus. These 'selectively deleted' heterodimers have been analyzed for changes in RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity, RNase H activity, and the ability to catalyze DNA strand transfer. As deletions extended into the p51 subunit, a decrease in the stability of the RT-DNA complex was apparent. The largest effect was observed for p66/p51Δ13 RT, which showed a 3-fold decrease relative to wild-type RT. RNase H activity was measured by digestion of the RNA in a 5' 32P-labeled RNA/DNA hybrid. Deletion of 5 or 9 amino acids from pSI had little effect on synthesis-dependent and synthesis- independent RNase H activities. In contrast, deletion of 13 amino acids from p51 increased the length of the hydrolysis products of both RNase H activities by 8-10 bp, thus changing the spatial relationship between the polymerase and RNase H active sites from a distance of 17-18 bp to 26-27 bp. The Δ13 derivative was also incapable of efficient DNA strand transfer. This defect in strand transfer could be suppressed by the 71-amino acid form of HIV nucleocapsid protein (NC) but not by the 55-amino acid form (NC55) or by equine infectious anemia virus NC. These results provide evidence for the existence of a specific complex between RT and NC and are discussed in terms of the role of this complex in proviral DNA synthesis.
Audrey Dauchy, Laila Scheuch (Hg.), Arbeit und Familie in Nordwesteuropa im Spätmittelalter und in der Frühen Neuzeit/Travail et famille en Europe du Nord-Ouest au bas Moyen Âge et à l’époque moderne, Frankfurt a. M. (Vittorio Klostermann) 2023
Creators: name: Schlumbohm, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Audrey Dauchy, Laila Scheuch (Hg.), Arbeit und Familie in Nordwesteuropa im Spätmittelalter und in der Frühen Neuzeit/Travail et famille en Europe du Nord-Ouest au bas Moyen Âge et à l’époque moderne, Frankfurt a. M. (Vittorio Klostermann) 2023, 214 S. (Studien zur europäischen Rechtsgeschichte, 338), ISBN 978-3-465-04602-8, EUR 69,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
The Dependency of the Cepheid Period-Luminosity Relation on Chemical Composition
Creators: name: Romaniello, M.
name: Primas, F.
name: Mottini, M.
name: Pedicelli, S.
name: Lemasle, B.
name: Bono, G.
name: Francois, P.
name: Groenewegen, M. A. T.
name: Laney, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dependency of the Cepheid Period-Luminosity Relation on chemical composition at different wavelengths is assessed via direct detailed abundance analysis of Galactic and Magellanic Cepheids, as derived from high resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra. Our measurements span one order of magnitude in iron content and allow to rule out at the ~ 9 sigma level the universality of the Period-Luminosity Relation in the V band, with metal rich stars being fainter than metal poor ones by ~0.3 mag. The dependency is less pronounced in the K band. Its magnitude and statistical significance decisively depend on detailed distance measurements to individual stars, as inferred via the Infrared Surface Brightness Method.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, to be published in "Stellar Pulsation: Challenges for Theory and Observation" (31 May - 5 June, Santa Fe, New Mexico). Minor typos fixed in v2
Calculus of Variations: A Differential Form Approach
Creators: name: Sil, Swarnendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49-XX

description: We study integrals of the form $\int_Ωf\left( dω_1 , \ldots , dω_m \right), $ where $m \geq 1$ is a given integer, $1 \leq k_{i} \leq n$ are integers and $ω_{i}$ is a $(k_{i}-1)$-form for all $1 \leq i \leq m$ and $ f:\prod_{i=1}^m Λ^{k_i}\left( \mathbb{R}^{n}\right) \rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is a continuous function. We introduce the appropriate notions of convexity, namely vectorial ext. one convexity, vectorial ext. quasiconvexity and vectorial ext. polyconvexity. We prove weak lower semicontinuity theorems and weak continuity theorems and conclude with applications to minimization problems. These results generalize the corresponding results in both classical vectorial calculus of variations and the calculus of variations for a single differential form.
description: To appear in Adv. Calc. Var
Programming the Rous sarcoma virus protease to cleave new substrate sequences
Creators: name: Skalka, A.M.
name: Bizub-Bender, D.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Ridky, T.W.
name: Skalka, A.M.
name: Wlodawer, A.
name: Ridky, T.W.
name: Weber, I.T.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Leis, J.
name: Copeland, T.
name: Weber, I.T.
name: Leis, J.
name: Bizub-Bender, D.
name: Wlodawer, A.
name: Copeland, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: The Rous sarcoma virus protease displays a high degree of specificity and catalyzes the cleavage of only a limited number of amino acid sequences. This specificity is governed by interactions between side chains of eight substrate amino acids and eight corresponding subsite pockets within the homodimeric enzyme. We have examined these complex interactions in order to learn how to introduce changes into the retroviral protease (PR) that direct it to cleave new substrates. Mutant enzymes with altered substrate specificity and wild-type or greater catalytic rates have been constructed previously by substituting single key amino acids in each of the eight enzyme subsites with those residues found in structurally related positions of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 PR. These individual amino acid substitutions have now been combined into one enzyme, resulting in a highly active mutant Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) protease that displays many characteristics associated with the HIV-1 enzyme. The hybrid protease is capable of catalyzing the cleavage of a set of HIV-1 viral polyprotein substrates that are not recognized by the wild-type RSV enzyme. Additionally, the modified PR is inhibited completely by the HIV-1 PR-specific inhibitor KNI-272 at concentrations where wild-type RSV PR is unaffected. These results indicate that the major determinants that dictate RSV and HIV-1 PR substrate specificity have been identified. Since the viral protease is a homodimer, the rational design of enzymes with altered specificity also requires a thorough understanding of the importance of enzyme symmetry in substrate selection. We demonstrate here that the enzyme homodimer acts symmetrically in substrate selection with each enzyme subunit being capable of recognizing both halves of a peptide substrate equally.
Image potential states as quantum probe of graphene interfaces
Creators: name: Bose, Sangita
name: Silkin, Vyacheslav M.
name: Ohmann, Robin
name: Brihuega, Ivan
name: Vitali, Lucia
name: Michaelis, Christian H.
name: Mallet, Pierre
name: Veuillen, Jean Yves
name: Schneider, M. Alexander
name: Chulkov, Evgueni V.
name: Echenique, Pedro M.
name: Kern, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Image potential states (IPSs) are electronic states localized in front of a surface in a potential well formed by the surface projected bulk band gap on one side and the image potential barrier on the other. In the limit of a two-dimensional solid a double Rydberg series of IPSs has been predicted which is in contrast to a single series present in three-dimensional solids. Here, we confirm this prediction experimentally for mono- and bilayer graphene. The IPSs of epitaxial graphene on SiC are measured by scanning tunnelling spectroscopy and the results are compared to ab-initio band structure calculations. Despite the presence of the substrate, both calculations and experimental measurements show that the first pair of the double series of IPSs survives, and eventually evolves into a single series for graphite. Thus, IPSs provide an elegant quantum probe of the interfacial coupling in graphene systems.
description: Accepted for publication in New Journal of Physics
PR - Defining The Economic â€œTipping Pointâ€ In The Management Of Citrus Greening: Follow The Standard Protocol Or Shift To An Enhanced Foliar Nutritional Program (p159-165)
Creators: name: Roka, Fritz M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Huanglongbin
subject: citrus
subject: costs

description: Florida citrus growers are confronting arguably the most serious threat to their industry - Huanglongbin, or citrus greening. Presently, their choices are to follow the â€œstandardâ€ protocol which involves removing infected trees, or switching to an enhanced nutritional program, which they hope will maintain the productive life of infected trees. While there is a dramatic visual improvement of tree appearance, production implications of an enhanced nutritional program are largely unknown. The enhanced nutritional program considered in this paper follows from a Florida grower who was the first to pursue this management option and increases production costs by approximately $1,000 per hectares. This paper estimates that annual losses of trees under the standard protocol are more than 5%, maintaining trees with an enhanced nutritional program would be higher, provided a nutritional program could maintain fruit production at pre-greening conditions for at least 10 years.
description: Eighteenth International Farm Management Congress, Methven, New Zealand, 2011
Modification of youth substance use behaviour by fear-based versus harm-reduction drug websites
Creators: name: Ong, SY
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: There appear to be two main philosophies toward drug education; one underpinned by a moral stance against drug use, which tends to adopt fear-based approaches, and another based in harm-reduction which focuses on maximising health should people decide to use drugs. Unfortunately, many drug education campaigns do not assess appropriate key outcome measures for the impacts to be evaluated in a satisfactory manner. Metaanalyses have found that variables from the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) (Ajzen, 1991) can account for moderate to large variances in behavioural intentions and behaviours over a range of activities. Substance-related TPB studies, which typically include minor extensions or additions in the model, support the model's efficacy in predicting both intentions and behaviour. However, the Prototype Willingness Model (PWM) (Gibbons, Gerrard, Blanton, & Russell, 1998) has been shown to explain additional variance in actual behaviour above the TPB, in substance use behaviours which are not premeditated. By incorporating the PWM components as well as other additional variables such as moral norms, descriptive norms, knowledge, into the TPB, it is possible to synergise the strengths of the models to evaluate the impact of fear-based and harm reduction drug education more comprehensively. Furthermore, whilst the extended TPB model may assist in explaining and predicting key outcomes of substance use behaviours after exposure to drug education materials, persuasion models such as the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) (Petty & Cacioppo, 1986) can help explain as well as optimise the persuasive processes in drug education. As the internet is one of the most popular sources of substance-related information today, using a comprehensive social cognition model such as the extended TPB model to research the key outcomes of the online fear-based and harm reduction drug education approaches, could be useful in empirically establishing, and refining, the efficacies of these approaches.
Regularity for elliptic systems of differential forms and applications
Creators: name: Sil, Swarnendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J57, 35D10

description: We prove existence and up to the boundary regularity estimates in $L^{p}$ and Hölder spaces for weak solutions of the linear system $$ δ\left( A dω\right) + B^{T}dδ\left( Bω\right) = λBω+ f \text{ in } Ω, $$ with either $ ν\wedge ω$ and $ν\wedge δ\left( Bω\right)$ or $ν\lrcorner Bω$ and $ν\lrcorner \left( A dω\right)$ prescribed on $\partialΩ.$ The proofs are in the spirit of `Campanato method' and thus avoid potential theory and do not require a verification of Agmon-Douglis-Nirenberg or Lopatinskiĭ-Shapiro type conditions. Applications to a number of related problems, such as general versions of the time-harmonic Maxwell system, stationary Stokes problem and the `div-curl' systems, are included.
Truncating α-Helix E′ of p66 human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase modulates RNase H function and impairs DNA strand transfer
Creators: name: Le Grice, S.F.J.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Howard, K.J.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Ghosh, M.
name: Benkovic, S.J.
name: Hughes, S.H.
name: Le Grice, S.F.J.
name: Howard, K.J.
name: Ghosh, M.
name: Benkovic, S.J.
name: Hughes, S.H.
Publisher: name: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc.
Year: 1995

description: The properties of recombinant p66/p51 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) containing C-terminal truncations in its p66 polypeptide were evaluated. Deletion end points partly or completely removed α-helix E′ of the RNase H domain (p66Δ8/p51 and p66Δ16/p51, respectively), while mutant p66Δ23/p51 lacked αE′ and the β5′-αE′ connecting loop. Although dimerization and DNA polymerase properties of all mutants were not significantly different from those of the parental enzyme, p66Δ16/p51 and p66Δ23/ p51 RT lacked ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity. In contrast, RT mutant p66Δ8/p51 retained endonuclease activity but lacked the directional processing feature of the parental enzyme. Despite retaining full endoribonuclease function, p66Δ8/p51 RT barely supported transfer of nascent (-)-strand DNA between RNA templates representing the 5′ and 3′ ends of retroviral genome, shedding light on the requirement for the endonuclease and directional processing functions of the RNase H domain during replication.
Mutational analysis of the substrate binding pockets of the Rous sarcoma virus and human immunodeficiency virus-1 proteases
Creators: name: Wlodawer, A.
name: Skalka, A.M.
name: Burstein, H.
name: Shulenin, S.
name: Leis, J.
name: Bizub-Bender, D.
name: Copeland, T.
name: Leis, J.
name: Skalka, A.M.
name: Wlodawer, A.
name: Bizub-Bender, D.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Copeland, T.
name: Ridky, T.W.
name: Burstein, H.
name: Weber, I.T.
name: Weber, I.T.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Ridky, T.W.
name: Shulenin, S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Mutations, designed by analysis of the crystal structures of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease (PR), were introduced into the substrate binding pocket of RSV PR. The mutations substituted nonconserved residues of RSV PR, located within 10 Å of the substrate, for those in structurally equivalent positions of HIV-1 PR. Changes in the activity of purified mutants were detected in vitro by following cleavage of synthetic peptides representing wild-type and modified RSV and HIV-1 gag and pol polyprotein cleavage sites. Substituting threonine for valine 104 (V104T), S107N, I44V, Q63M or deletion of residues 61-63 produced enzymes that were 2.5-7-fold more active than the wild type RSV PR. Substituting I42D, M73V, and A100L produced enzymes with lower activity, whereas a mutant that included both M73V and A100L was as active as wild type. Several substitutions altered the specificity for substrate. These include I42D and I44V, which contribute to the S2 and S2' subsites. These proteins exhibited HIV-1 PR specificity for P2- or P2'-modified peptide substrates but unchanged specificity with P4-, P3-, P1-, P1'-, and P3'- modified substrates. Changes in specificity in the S4 subsite were detected by deletion of residues 61-63. These results confirm the hypothesis that the subsites of the substrate binding pocket of the retroviral protease are capable of acting independently in the selection of substrate amino acids.
Michel Pinel, L’abbaye de Lessay. Mille ans d’histoire d’un monastère bénédictin du Cotentin et notes historiques sur les paroisses de Sainte-Opportune et de Lessay, (Michel Pinel Éditions) 2022
Creators: name: Barré, Éric
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Michel Pinel, L’abbaye de Lessay. Mille ans d’histoire d’un monastère bénédictin du Cotentin et notes historiques sur les paroisses de Sainte-Opportune et de Lessay, (Michel Pinel Éditions) 2022, 638 p., ill. en n/b et en coul. (Histoire), ISBN 978-2-9583458-0-8, EUR 45,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Axisymmetric General Relativistic Simulations of the Accretion-Induced Collapse of White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Abdikamalov, E. B.
name: Ott, C. D.
name: Rezzolla, L.
name: Dessart, L.
name: Dimmelmeier, H.
name: Marek, A.
name: Janka, H. -T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged.) The accretion-induced collapse (AIC) of a white dwarf (WD) may lead to the formation of a protoneutron star and a collapse-driven supernova explosion. This process represents a path alternative to thermonuclear disruption of accreting white dwarfs in Type Ia supernovae. Neutrino and gravitational-wave (GW) observations may provide crucial information necessary to reveal a potential AIC. Motivated by the need for systematic predictions of the GW signature of AIC, we present results from an extensive set of general-relativistic AIC simulations using a microphysical finite-temperature equation of state and an approximate treatment of deleptonization during collapse. Investigating a set of 114 progenitor models in rotational equilibrium, with a wide range of rotational configurations, temperatures and central densities, we extend previous Newtonian studies and find that the GW signal has a generic shape akin to what is known as a "Type III" signal in the literature. We discuss the detectability of the emitted GWs, showing that the signal-to-noise ratio for current or next-generation interferometer detectors could be high enough to detect such events in our Galaxy. Some of our AIC models form massive quasi-Keplerian accretion disks after bounce. In rapidly differentially rotating models, the disk mass can be as large as ~0.8-Msun. Slowly and/or uniformly rotating models produce much smaller disks. Finally, we find that the postbounce cores of rapidly spinning white dwarfs can reach sufficiently rapid rotation to develop a nonaxisymmetric rotational instability.
description: Submitted to PRD, 31 pages, 23 figures
Comparison of the substrate-binding pockets of the Rous sarcoma virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteases
Creators: name: Jentoft, J.
name: Grinde, B.
name: Weber, I.T.
name: Grinde, B.
name: Leis, J.
name: Wlodawer, A.
name: Wlodawer, A.
name: Jacques, P.
name: Jacques, P.
name: Jentoft, J.
name: Leis, J.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Weber, I.T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: A steady state kinetic analysis of the avian myeloblastosis virus/Rous sarcoma virus (AMV/RSV) and human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 (HIV-1) retroviral proteases (PRs) was carried out using a series of 40 peptide substrates that are derivatives of the AMV/RSV nucleocapsid-PR cleavage site. These peptides contain single amino acid substitutions in each of the seven positions of the minimum length substrate required by the PR for specific and efficient cleavage. These peptide substrates are distinguished by the individual enzyme subsites of the AMV/RSV and HIV-1 PRs. The molecular basis for similarities and differences of the individual subsites for both proteases is discussed using steady state kinetic data and modeling based on crystal structures.
Mechanism of inhibition of the retroviral protease by a Rous sarcoma virus peptide substrate representing the cleavage site between the gag p2 and p10 proteins
Creators: name: Weber, I.T.
name: Copeland, T.D.
name: Wlodawer, A.
name: Wlodawer, A.
name: Jentoft, J.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Leis, J.
name: Jentoft, J.
name: Copeland, T.D.
name: Grinde, B.
name: Weber, I.T.
name: Leis, J.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Grinde, B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: The activity of the avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) or the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease on peptide substrates which represent cleavage sites found in the gag and gag-pol polyproteins of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and HIV-1 has been analyzed. Each protease efficiently processed cleavage site substrates found in their cognate polyprotein precursors. Additionally, in some instances heterologous activity was detected. The catalytic efficiency of the RSV protease on cognate substrates varied by as much as 30-fold. The least efficiently processed substrate, p2- p10, represents the cleavage site between the RSV p2 and p10 proteins. This peptide was inhibitory to the AMV as well as the HIV-1 and HIV-2 protease cleavage of other substrate peptides with K(i) values in the 5-20 μM range. Molecular modeling of the RSV protease with the p2-p10 peptide docked in the substrate binding pocket and analysis of a series of single-amino acid- substituted p2-p10 peptide analogues suggested that this peptide is inhibitory because of the potential of a serine residue in the P1' position to interact with one of the catalytic aspartic acid residues. To open the binding pocket and allow rotational freedom for the serine in P1', there is a further requirement for either a glycine or a polar residue in P2' and/or a large amino acid residue in P3'. The amino acid residues in P1-P4 provide interactions for tight binding of the peptide in the substrate binding pocket.
The Swift satellite lives up to its name, revealing cosmic explosions as they happen
Creators: name: Starling, Rhaana L. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray Bursts are the most powerful objects in the Universe. Discovered in the 1960's as brief flashes of gamma-radiation, we now know they emit across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, are located in distant galaxies and comprise two distinct populations, one of which may originate in the deaths of massive stars. The launch of the Swift satellite in 2004 has brought a flurry of new discoveries, advancing our understanding of these sources and the galaxies that host them. We highlight a number of important results from the Swift era thus far.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the Triennial Issue of Philosophical Transactions A of the Royal Society
Analysis of substrate interactions of the Rous sarcoma virus wild type and mutant proteases and human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease using a set of systematically altered peptide substrates
Creators: name: Leis, J.
name: Wlodawer, A.
name: Wlodawer, A.
name: Weber, I.T.
name: Grinde, B.
name: Leis, J.
name: Burstein, H.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Skalka, A.M.
name: Bizub, D.
name: Burstein, H.
name: Skalka, A.M.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Grinde, B.
name: Weber, I.T.
name: Bizub, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: In the preceding study, mutant Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) proteases are described in which three amino acids found in the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) protease (PR) were substituted into structurally comparable positions (Grinde, B., Cameron, C. E., Leis, J., Weber, I., Wlodawer, A., Burstein, H., Bizub, D., and Skalka, A. M. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 9481- 9490). In this report, the activity of the wild type and these mutant PRs are compared using a set of RSV NC-PR peptide substrates with single amino acid substitutions in each of the P4 to P3' positions. With most substrates, the relative activities of the two active mutants followed that of the RSV PR. Substitutions in the P1 and P1' positions were an exception; in this case, the mutants behaved more like the HIV-1 PR. These results confirm predictions from structural analyses which indicate that residues 105 and 106 of the RSV PR are important in forming the S1 and S1' binding subsites. These results, further analyzed with the aid of computer modeling of the RSV PR with different substrates, provide an explanation for why only partial HIV-1 PR- like behavior was introduced into the above RSV PR mutants.
PR - Beef Cattle Wintering Site Management (WSM) Beneficial Management Practices (BMPS): An Economic Assessment Of Benefits And Costs (p1-8)
Creators: name: Ross, Carlyle
name: Kaliel, Dale
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: WSM BMPs
subject: confinement feeding or DL
subject: SG

description: Water quality is a public health concern. Federal and provincial governments are promoting beef cattle wintering site management (WSM) practices to improve water quality. On-farm costs and benefits of these practices have not been measured. PRA Inc was contracted to assess the farm economics of changing from traditional confinement dry lot winter feeding of beef cattle to more environmentally friendly WSM feeding practices (BMPs). Using a case study approach, PRA Inc. assessed the on-farm start-up costs of confinement winter feeding versus in-field grazing practices. The unpublished PRA report indicated WSM in-field grazing offered significant saving in capital investment as well as operating cost for beef cattle farms. This paper summarizes the findings of the PRA report as well as related research that measured potential economic as well as environmental benefits of adopting WSM feeding systems on beef cattle farms in Western Canada. The main WSM BMPs examined were swath grazing (SG), bale grazing (BG), bale processing (BP), stockpiled feeds (SPF) and traditional confinement or dry lot (DL) feeding. Adopting WSM in-field grazing/feeding systems offers a win-win outcome for farm cash-flow as well as the environment.
description: Eighteenth International Farm Management Congress, Methven, New Zealand, 2011
Solid state devices in the switching and line signalling equipment of the telephone networks
Creators: name: Parapak, Johnathon Limbong
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Problems arising due to the introduction of solid state devices into telephone networks have been discussed. A meter which measures the statistics of any stationary waveform has been developed. The use of this meter to study the statistics of the stationary noise in telephone systems has been demonstrated. A design of a line signalling relay set has been carried out using integrated circuits and other solid state devices. New circuit configurations have been used to ensure reliable operation.
Marianne Closson, Natahlie Grande, Claudine Nédelec, Ghislain Tranié (dir.), Femme et folie sous l’Ancien Régime, Paris (Classiques Garnier) 2022
Creators: name: Meise, Helga
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Marianne Closson, Natahlie Grande, Claudine Nédelec, Ghislain Tranié (dir.), Femme et folie sous l’Ancien Régime, Paris (Classiques Garnier) 2022, 361 p. (Masculin/féminin dans l’Europe moderne, 36), ISBN 978-2-406-14170-9, EUR 35,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4