Raveniola concolor Zonstein 2000
Creators: name: Zonstein, Sergei L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Nemesiidae
Raveniola
Raveniola concolor

description: Raveniola concolor Zonstein, 2000
Figs 86, 113, 140, 169, 206, 232, 262, 292, 353, 388, 494, 750
Raveniola concolor Zonstein, 2000a: 50, figs 4–6 (♂ ♀).
Brachythele virgata – Caporiacco 1934: 113, 160 (misidentified, not Brachythele virgata Simon, 1891).
Raveniola concolor – Siliwal et al. 2005: 2004. — Siliwal & Molur 2007: 2587. — Keswani et al. 2012: 5. — Dhali et al. 2016: 92. — Zonstein et al. 2018: figs 146, 168, 214 (♂ ♀).
Diagnosis
The only known pair of Raveniola concolor clearly differs from all other congeners belonging to the same species group by their uniformly dark brown body and legs (seen in dorsal aspect) vs an ornamented abdomen, or palps and legs lighter than the carapace. In having a similar body size and proportions of the male leg I (see Figs 262 and 271–272), this species resembles P. pamira sp. nov. However, the holotype male differs from males of the latter species in possessing a considerably longer and more sharply twisted distal section of the embolus (Fig. 388 cf. Figs 418–428), while the paratype female can be distinguished from females of P. pamira in having dissimilarly conformed spermathecae, with considerably higher and narrower bases (Fig. 494 cf. Figs 520–523).
Material examined
Holotype
INDIA • ♂; Jammu & Kashmir State, North-Western Himalayas, Dras Valley, Shimsha Kharbu (Shimsha Karboo, as labelled); 34°32′ N, 75°59′ E; 2800 m a.s.l.; 15 Apr. 1929; L. Caporiacco leg.; MCSN AR 18.
Paratype
INDIA • 1 ♀; Jammu & Kashmir State, North-Western Himalayas, Shingo Valley, Apis; 34°36′ N, 76°02′ E; 2900 m a.s.l.; 16 Apr. 1929; MCSN AR 19.
Description
Male (holotype)
MEASUREMENTS. TBL 15.10, CL 7.23, CW 6.27, LL 0.55, LW 1.00, SL 3.57, SW 2.97.
COLOUR. Carapace, chelicerae, palps and legs uniformly dark chestnut brown; eye tubercle blackish brown; sternum, labium, maxillae, book-lungs and spinnerets medium brown; abdomen almost uniformly dark brown without clear dorsal pattern.
CEPHALOTHORAX. Carapace and chelicerae as shown in Fig. 86. Clypeus and eye group as in Fig. 140. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.12(0.16), ALE 0.22, PLE 0.17, PME 0.12; AME–AME 0.12(0.08), ALE–AME 0.06(0.04), ALE–PLE 0.04, PLE–PME 0.03, PME–PME 0.41. Anterior cheliceral edge only with slightly thickened setae; rastellum not developed. Each cheliceral furrow with 10 promarginal teeth and 4 mesobasal denticles. MIT indiscernible. Sternum, labium and maxillae as shown in Fig. 206. Maxillae with 27–29 cuspules each.
LEGS. Tibia and metatarsus I as in Figs 262, 292. Scopula: distal on metatarsi I–II; entire on tarsi I–II; narrowly divided with setae on tarsus III; sparse and widely divided on tarsus IV. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 9–10 on tibiae, 13–16 on metatarsi, 13–16 on tarsi, 11 on cymbium. PTC I–IV with 13 teeth on each margin.
SPINATION. Palp: femur d3, pd1, rd2; patella pd1; tibia d5, p6, 3(2), v5; cymbium d6. Leg I: femur d4, pd3, rd3(2); patella p1; tibia p2, r2, rv2+ 2M. Leg II: femur d4, pd3, rd1(0); patella p2; tibia p3, v7; metatarsus v3. Leg III: femur d3, pd2, rd2; patella p2, r1; tibia d3, pd3, p3, r3, v7; metatarsus d4, pd4, p4, r2, v9. Leg IV: femur d4, pd3, rd3; patella p3, r1; tibia d4, pd3, dr1, p5, r 3, v 7; metatarsus d1, pd5, p4, rd3, r3, v9. Tarsi I–IV aspinose.
PALP. Tibia, cymbium and copulatory bulb as shown in Fig. 353. Embolus with long basal portion provided with low keel and short hooked apical part (Fig. 388).
SPINNERETS. PMS: length 0.15, diameter 0.07. PLS: maximal diameter 0.67; length of basal, medial and apical segments 0.55, 0.53, 0.53; total length 1.61; apical segment triangular.
LEG MEASUREMENTS. ♂(♀)
FemurPatellaTibiaMetatarsusTarsusTotalPalp3.25 (3.80)2.07 (2.73)3.05 (3.40)–1.07 (3.00)9.44 (12.93)Leg I6.53 (6.50)3.57 (4.23)5.25 (5.00)6.13 (4.47)2.95 (2.77)24.44 (22.97)Leg II6.27 (6.20)3.30 (3.95)5.35 (5.00)6.03 (4.53)2.93 (2.90)23.98 (22.58)Leg III5.85 (5.95)2.57 (3.13)3.93 (3.85)5.93 (5.33)2.85 (2.97)21.13 (21.23)Leg IV6.27 (6.97)3.17 (3.70)5.90 (5.17)7.77 (7.15)3.00 (3.17)26.61 (26.16)
Female (paratype)
MEASUREMENTS. TBL 21.00, CL 8.07, CW 6.80, LL 0.83, LW 1.70, SL 4.35, SW 3.37.
COLOUR. Similar to that of male, but chelicerae relatively darker, brownish-black.
CEPHALOTHORAX. Carapace and chelicerae as shown in Fig. 113. Clypeus and eye group as in Fig. 169. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.14(0.20), ALE 0.31, PLE 0.21, PME 0.19; AME–AME 0.14(0.08), ALE–AME 0.07(0.04), ALE–PLE 0.06, PLE–PME 0.03, PME–PME 0.40. Cheliceral rastellum absent. Each cheliceral furrow with 10–11 promarginal teeth and 4 mesobasal denticles. Sternum, labium and maxillae as shown in Fig. 232. Maxillae with 38–41 cuspules each.
LEGS. Scopula: distal on metatarsi I–II; entire on palpal tarsus and tarsi I–II; sparse and widely divided by setae on tarsi III–IV. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 9–10 each on tibiae, 13–17 on metatarsi, 14–17 on tarsi. Palpal claw with 5 teeth. PTC I–IV with 12–14 teeth on inner and 10–11 teeth on outer margin.
SPINATION. All femora with one basodorsal spine and 3–4 median and/or apical bristles; palpal patella, patellae I–II and tarsi I–IV aspinose. Palp: femur pd1; tibia v7; tarsus v3(8). Leg I: femur pd1; tibia v5; metatarsus v5. Leg II: femur pd1; tibia p2, v5; metatarsus v6. Leg III: femur pd1, rd2; patella p2, r1; tibia d1, p2, r2, v7; metatarsus p6, r3, v7. Leg IV: femur rd1; patella p1, r1; tibia d1, p2, r2, v7; metatarsus p5, r3, v7.
SPERMATHECAE. Each of paired spermathecae U-shaped with relatively short and wide base carrying two equally thick, long and weakly diverging branches (Fig. 494).
SPINNERETS. PMS: length 0.25, diameter 0.11. PLS: length of basal, medial and apical segments 0.65, 0.60, 0.53; total length 1.78; apical segment triangular.
Ecology
According to the label data, the holotype and the paratype were collected in a subalpine steppe zone. Other details remain unknown.
Distribution
India: Northwestern Himalayas. See Fig. 750.
description: Published as part of Zonstein, Sergei L., 2024, A revision of the spider genus Raveniola (Araneae, Nemesiidae). II. Species from Central Asia, pp. 1-185 in European Journal of Taxonomy 967 on pages 24-26, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.967.2699, http://zenodo.org/record/13990819