cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Advanced cytomimetic circuits: design optimisation and fabrication
Creators: name: Houssein, Alexandros
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This Thesis presents research on ultra low-power bioelectronics, focusing on purely ana- logue methodologies and techniques stemming from the systematic, in-house developed, transistor-level synthesis framework, termed the “Nonlinear Bernoulli Cell Formalism” (NBCF). The NBCF is capable of converting coupled, nonlinear biological differen- tial equations into coupled, nonlinear electrical differential equations and subsequently into ultra-low power log-domain electrical circuits, or “Cytomimetic Circuits”. The establishment of the aforementioned framework is achieved through the example re- alisation of several, novel, non-linear, multi-dimensional, cytomimetic topologies, that mimic a variety of biological function dynamics. The constructed topologies deal with increased complexity emanating from the high-dimensionality, the highly inter-coupled state variables and parameters, and the multitude of the potentially resulting dynami- cal behaviours. Their effective construction utilises design techniques in weak-inversion, log-domain bioelectronics, specialising in the analysis and synthesis of static and dy- namic translinear circuits. Moreover, statistical fabrication variability Monte Carlo analyses investigate the robustness of the proposed topologies. Subsequent low-level layout, post-layout simulations and fabrication of one of the proposed topologies (mam- malian cell cycle) lead to the production of novel proof-of-concept measured chip results. The measured results validate the feasibility of the NBCF. Further to the establishment of the NBCF and its real-life feasibility, this Thesis serves to suggest area and performance optimisation techniques for widely-used static and dynamic translinear circuits which are pivotal blocks for our cytomimetic designs. Ini- tially, the area optimisation is outlined, by proposing an area minimisation path for the research group’s cochlear implant design. Novel circuit design techniques are imple- mented, in order to reduce the size of log-domain cochlear implant processors. Moreover, performance optimisation is performed by articulating a methodical, step-by-step sym- bolic analysis of a variety of common, static and dynamic, translinear topologies in weak-inversion electronics. The analysis relies upon a simplified EKV-based approxi- mation. The impact of transistor-level design parameters upon performance and ideal behaviour is captured, analysed and discussed in a quantitative and qualitative manner. Finally, optimisation approaches are detailed whereby novel design rules are provided for popular translinear topologies.
The CANADA-FRANCE REDSHIFT SURVEY VI: Evolution of the galaxy luminosity function to z ~ 1
Creators: name: Lilly, S. J.
name: Tresse, L.
name: Hammer, F.
name: Crampton, David
name: Fevre, O. Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmic evolution of the field galaxy population has been studied out to a redshift of z ~ 1 using a sample of 730 I-band selected galaxies, of which 591 have secure redshifts with median ~ 0.56. The tri-variate luminosity function phi(M,color,z) shows unambiguously that the population evolves and that this evolution is strongly differential with color and, less strongly, with luminosity. The luminosity function of red galaxies shows very little change in either number density or luminosity over the entire redshift range 0 < z < 1. In contrast, the luminosity function of blue galaxies shows substantial evolution at redshifts z > 0.5. By 0.5 < z < 0.75, the blue luminosity function appears to have uniformly brightened by approximately 1 mag. At higher redshifts, the evolution appears to saturate at the brightest magnitudes but continues at fainter levels leading to a steepening of the luminosity function. A significant excess of galaxies relative to the Loveday et al. (1992) local luminosity function is seen at low redshifts z < 0.2 around M(B) ~ -18$ and these galaxies may possibly represent the descendants of the evolving blue population seen at higher redshifts. The changes seen in the luminosity function are also apparent in color-magnitude diagrams constructed at different epochs and in the V/V_max statistic computed as a function of spectral type. Finally, it is argued that the picture of galaxy evolution presented here is consistent with the very much smaller samples of field galaxies that have been selected in other wavebands, and with the results of studies of galaxies selected on the basis of Mg II 2799 absorption.
description: uuencoded compressed Tex (first part) with 9 uuencoded compressed postscript figures and 2 tables (second part). Also available at http://www.astro.utoronto.ca/~lilly/CFRS/papers.html . Accepted July 17 by ApJ, scheduled for Dec 10 issue
Additional file 1: of Residual feed intake phenotype and gender affect the expression of key genes of the lipogenesis pathway in subcutaneous adipose tissue of beef cattle
Creators: name: Clare, McKenna
name: Richard, Porter
name: Keogh Kate
name: Waters Sinead
name: McGee Mark
name: David, Kenny
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Slaughter and carcass details for animals divergent for RFI. (DOCX 13 kb)
A nAttractor Mechanism for nAdS(2)/nCFT(1) Holography
Creators: name: Larsen, Finn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nearly AdS(2) geometry of nearly extremal black holes in N = 2 supergravity in four dimensions. In the strictly extreme limit the attractor mechanism for asymptotically flat black holes states that the horizon geometries of these black holes are independent of scalar moduli. We determine the dependence of the near extreme geometry on asymptotic moduli and express the result in simple formulae that generalize the extremal attractor mechanism to nearly extreme black holes. This is a nAttractor mechanism. We discuss the dependence of the near horizon theory on the scales introduced by generic attractor flows.
description: 25 pages. v2: minor improvements of presentation, a more appropriate normalization for the symmetry breaking scale, references added
Mus longipes Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Mus
Mus longipes

description: Mus longipes [spec. nov.]
M. cauda elongata vestita, palmis tetradactylis, plantis pentadactylis, femoribus longissimis.
Mus cauda longa vestita, pedibus posticis longitudine corporis flavi. Mus. Ad. Fr. 9. *
Habitat in torridis regionibus.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 62-63, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Long time behaviour of infinite dimensional stochastic processes
Creators: name: Zak, Frantisek
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: We study two examples of infinite dimensional stochastic processes. Situations and techniques involved are quite varied, however in both cases we achieve a progress in describing their long time behaviour. The first case concerns interacting particle system of diffusions. We construct rigorously the process using finite dimensional approximation and the notion of martingale solution. The existence of invariant measure for the process is proved. The novelty of the results lies in the fact, that our methods enable us to consider such examples, where the generator of the diffusion is subelliptic. The other project is related to stochastic partial differential equations and their stability properties. In particular it is shown that Robbins-Monro procedure can be extended to infinite dimensional setting. Thus we achieve results about pathwise convergence of solution. To be able to define corresponding solution, we rely on so-called variational approach to stochastic partial differential equations as pioneered by E. Pardoux, N. Krylov and B. Rozovskii. Our examples covers situations such as p-Laplace operator or Porous medium operator.
Mus jaculus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Mus
Mus jaculus

description: Mus jaculus [spec. nov.]
M. cauda elongata floccosa, palmis pentadactylis, plantis tridactylis, femoribus longissimis, bractiis brevissimis.
Mus jaculus pedibus posticis longissimis, cauda extremo villosa. Hasselq. itin. 198. act. Stock. 1752. p. 123. t. 4. f. 1.
Mus aegyptius. Hasselq. act. Ups. 1750. p. 17.
Cuniculus minor caudatus dauricus. Mus. Petrop. 1. p. 344. n. 123.
Cuniculus s. Lepus indicus Utias dictus. Aldr. quadr. 395. fig. bon.
Lepus cauda elongata. Syst. nat. 9. n. 4.
Habitat in Arabia, Calmukia.
Plantis tantum incedit, & quiescit; palmis cibum ori admovet.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 63, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The near-Saturn magnetic field environment
Creators: name: Sulaiman, Ali Haidar
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Shock waves exist throughout the universe and are fundamental to understanding the nature of collisionless plasmas. The complex coupling between charged particles and electromagnetic fields in plasmas give rise to a whole host of mechanisms for dissipation and heating across shock waves, particularly at high Mach numbers. While ongoing studies have investigated these process extensively both theoretically and via simulations, their observations remain few and far between. This thesis presents a study of very high Mach number shocks in a parameter space that has been poorly explored and identifies reformation using in situ magnetic field observations from the Cassini spacecraft at Saturn’s bow shock. This gives an insight into quasi-perpendicular shocks across two orders of magnitude in Alfvén Mach number (MA) and spanning Earth-like to Astrophysical-like regimes. The work here shows evidence for cyclic reformation controlled by specular ion reflection occurring at the predicted timescale of ~0.3 τc, where τc is the ion gyroperiod. The relationship between these reformation signatures, magnetic overshoot and variability are also presented. The final part of this thesis characterises the region downstream of Saturn’s bow shock, the magnetosheath. The results show a comprehensive overview of the configuration of the magnetic field in a non-axisymmetric magnetosheath. This non-axisymmetry is revealed to have an impact in the rotation of the magnetic field and is significant enough to influence the magnetic shear at the magnetopause.
Mus volans Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Mus
Mus volans

description: Mus volans [spec. nov.]
M. cauda elongata villosa, palmis tetradactylis, plantis pentadactylis, lateribus extensis volitans.
Sciurus americanus volans. Raj.quadr. 215. Seb. mus. 1. p. 72. t. 44. f. 3. Edv. av. 191. t. 191.
Habitat in Virginia, Mexico.
Cutis ab auribus ad brachia & femora & caudam extensa margine plicato nigro.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 63, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Sciurus Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Sciurus

description: Sciurus [gen. nov.]
Dentes Primores II: Superiores cuneati;
Inferiores compressi.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 63, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 3: of Genome-wide SNP analyses reveal high gene flow and signatures of local adaptation among the scalloped spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) along the Omani coastline
Creators: name: Rufaida Al-Breiki
name: Kjeldsen, Shannon
name: Hasifa Afzal
name: Hinai, Manal Al
name: Kyall Zenger
name: Jerry, Dean
name: Al-Abri, Mohammed
name: Delghandi, Madjid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Genotypic data of P. homarus for 164 individuals from Oman using 504 putatively directional SNPs. Genotypes are in genetix format. (PDF 389Â kb)
Solution processed polymer-sorted single walled carbon nanotubes for plastic electronics
Creators: name: Bottacchi, Francesca
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been successfully employed in a wide range of large-area and low-cost optoelectronic devices, such as field-effect transistors (FETs), light emitting diodes, solar cells, and logic circuits. Most common synthesis methods produce a mixture of nanotube diameters that typically results in one-third of the as-synthesized nanotubes being metallic and the remaining two-thirds being semiconducting. These synthesis procedures have a big impact on many optoelectronic applications, where the presence of metallic SWNTs could dramatically degrade device performances. To overcome this problem and sort semiconducting nanotubes from metallic ones, a post-synthetics process called polymer sorting method has been recently developed. If, on the one hand, significant progress has been made to optimize sorting techniques, on the other hand the ability to accurately characterize the residual metallic content in highly pure semiconducting samples remains a major challenge. The primary aim of this thesis is the study of electronic transport processes occurring in polymer-sorted semiconducting SWNT networks. This is achieved with a detailed surface and material characterization, and with the design, fabrication and electrical characterization of field-effect transistors. In the first part of the thesis, the theoretical background of all materials and devices used is given, followed by the description of all procedures, methods, as well as of the fabrication and characterization techniques. In the second part of the thesis, experimental results on SWNT charge transport percolation, flexible field-effect transistors, flexible logic circuits, and alternative processing techniques are discussed. Best achievements include the quantification of residual metallic nanotubes through the application of the percolation model to FETs, the realization of flexible low-voltage SWNT FETs with a mobility of 8.1cm2V-1s-1, and the fabrication of flexible low-voltage SWNT complementary inverters with a gain higher than 85V/V. These results clearly demonstrate the potential of solution processed polymer-sorted semiconducting SWNTs for plastic electronics.
Modélisation des lésions de l'intestin dans les vidéos endoscopiques
Creators: name: Al-Ali, Safaa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Les maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l’intestin (MICI) sont des inflammations de la paroi intestinale, résultant d’une réponse excessive des défenses naturelles du système immunitaire. Dans ce stage, on s’intéresse au diagnostic automatique de la rectocolique hémorragique (RCH) d’après les vidéos obtenues lors d’uneendoscopie du côlon. Nous présenterons une étude des scores endoscopiques utilisés pour l’évaluation de la sévérité de la maladie, ainsi qu’un score simplifié implémenté durant le stage. Ensuite, nous proposons une nouvelle visualisation des lésions (saignements et ulcères) permettant au médecin de mieux localiser leur emplacement le long de la paroi intestinale. Enfin, nous étudions l’aspect des saignements dans les vidéos, et comparons plusieurs modèles de couleur des patchs observés.
description: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are inflammations of the intestinal wall, resulting from an excessive response of the immune system's natural defenses. In this course, we are interested in the automatic diagnosis of hemorrhagic rectocolitis (UC) based on videos obtained during a colon endoscopy. We will present a study of endoscopic scores used to assess disease severity, as well as a simplified score implemented during the course. Next, we propose a new visualization of lesions (bleeding and ulcers) enabling the physician to better localize their location along the intestinal wall. Finally, we study the appearance of bleeding in videos, and compare several color models of the patches observed.
Additional file 4 of Increased Wnt/β-catenin signaling contributes to autophagy inhibition resulting from a dietary magnesium deficiency in injury-induced osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Bai, Ruijun
name: Miao, Michael Z.
name: Li, Hui
name: Wang, Yiqing
name: Hou, Ruixue
name: He, Ke
name: Wu, Xuan
name: Jin, Hongyu
name: Zeng, Chao
name: Cui, Yang
name: Lei, Guanghua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 4: Supplemental Figure 4. Immunohistochemistry analysis of Beclin-1. (A, B) Immunostaining and quantitative analysis of cells positive for Beclin-1 in sham and DMM-induced OA mice fed with diets containing different content of magnesium (500 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg) (n = 9). Scale bar: 100 μm. Data were expressed as the mean ± SEM and analyzed by one-way ANOVA test (*P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001).
Additional file 1: of Microhabitat change drives diversification in pholcid spiders
Creators: name: Eberle, Jonas
name: Dimitrov, Dimitar
name: Valdez-MondragĂłn, Alejandro
name: Huber, Bernhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: (portable document format [.pdf]): Supplementary Figures S1 â S19 and supplementary Tables S1 â S14. (PDF 7729 kb)
Rutgers-Eagleton Poll #185: New Jersey April 2013
Creators: name: Eagleton Institute Of Politics, Rutgers University
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Opinion of public figures (7); President Barack Obama job performance (1); Governor Christopher Christie job performance (8); direction of state of New Jersey (1); most important problem (1); time spent by Christie on most important problem (1); 2013 gubernatorial election (1); registered to vote (1); Christie vs. Senator Barbara Buono (2); Former Senator Jon Corzine vs. Christie (1); vote Democrat/Republican for General Assembly (2); vote Democrat/Republican for State Senate (2); raise minimum wage (1); same-sex marriage legalization (2); feelings about Christie (5); Christie traits (12); Hurricane Sandy damage/recovery (12); Hurricane Sandy result of climate change (1); climate change (3); increased federal funding for natural disasters (1); climate change impact on businesses (1).
Functional analysis of a pleiotropic transcription regulator in Staphylococcus aureus: Rsp
Creators: name: Krishna, Aishwarya
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The Gram-positive commensal Staphylococcus aureus is also an opportunistic pathogen, causing both superficial and lethal infections in humans. The pathogenic versatility of S. aureus has been attributed to its ability to modulate its virulence profile via regulation of the accessory gene regulator (agr) operon. Thus, adaptation by S. aureus is primarily achieved by regulation of transcription, the first step in the gene expression pathway. The major objective of the work described in this thesis was to identify and characterise novel DNA-binding transcription factors (TFs) that regulate agr-operon expression. Using a high-throughput screen for transposon mutants displaying altered virulence factor production, the highly conserved AraC-family DNA-binding TF repressor of surface proteins (Rsp) was identified. Rsp was found to activate agr operon expression by binding directly to the agr-intergenic region. Mutational analysis identified residues in Rsp required for agr-operon activation, and provided further mechanistic insight into the Rsp-agr interaction. Although expression of the agr-operon has been shown to be important for S. aureus virulence in several animal models of infection, here we have shown that a reduction in agr expression via loss of Rsp function enhances S. aureus tolerance to 2 cell wall acting antibiotics. Thus, the results of this study confirm that Rsp is a pleiotropic transcription regulator in S. aureus and highlight the complex relationship between agr expression and virulence in S. aureus. A secondary objective of the work described in this thesis was to consider the clinical implications of mutations in S. aureus RNA polymerase (RNAP), the driver of transcription. To this end, the incidence, prevalence and distribution of RNAP mutations were analysed in 2 collections of S. aureus bacteraemia isolates. The effect of several novel mutations on RNAP stability and transcriptional activity have been predicted with the view that such mutations have the potential to induce global transcriptional changes and ultimately alter the pathogenic properties of S. aureus.
Charged Lepton Mass Relations in a SUSY Scenario
Creators: name: Koide, Yoshio
name: Yamashita, Toshifumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed charged lepton masses satisfy the relations $K \equiv (m_e +m_μ+m_τ)/(\sqrt{m_e} +\sqrt{m_μ} +\sqrt{m_τ})^2 =2/3$ and $κ\equiv \sqrt{m_e m_μm_τ}/(\sqrt{m_e} +\sqrt{m_μ} +\sqrt{m_τ})^3 =1/486$ with great accuracy. These parameters are given as $K=( {\rm Tr}[ΦΦ])/ ({\rm Tr}[Φ])^2$ and $κ= {\rm det} Φ/({\rm Tr}[Φ])^3$ if the charged lepton masses $m_{ei}$ are given by $m_{ei} \propto \sum_k Φ_i^{\ k} Φ_k^{\ i}$ where $Φ$ is a U(3)-family nonet scalar. Simple scalar potential forms to realize the relations have been already proposed in non-supersymmetric scenarios, but the potential forms are not stable against the renormalization group effects. In this paper, we examine supersymmetric scenarios and find that the parameters $K$ and $κ$ are made stable against the effects in a very nontrivial way, even though the superpotential itself (in the canonical basis) suffers the usual corrections. We also show possible simple superpotential forms for the relations.
description: 8 pages, no figures: Versio accepted PLB
Magnetic Accretion and Photopolarimetric Variability in Classical T Tauri Stars
Creators: name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Wood, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ a Monte Carlo radiation transfer code to investigate the multi- wavelength photopolarimetric variability arising from a spotted T Tauri star surrounded by a dusty circumstellar disk. Our aim is to assess the ability of the magnetic accretion model to explain the observed photopolarimetric variability of classical T Tauri stars, and to identify potentially useful observational diagnostics of T Tauri star/disk/spot parameters. We model a range of spot sizes, spot latitudes, inner disk truncation radii, and system inclination angles, as well as multiple disk and spot geometries. We find that the amplitude, morphology, and wavelength dependence of the photopolarimetric variability predicted by our models are generally consistent with existing observations; a flared disk geometry is required to reproduce the largest observed polarization levels and variations. Our models can further explain stochastic polarimetric variability if unsteady accretion is invoked, in which case irregular -- but correlated -- photometric variability is predicted, in agreement with observations. Potentially useful observational diagnostics of system parameters of interest are discussed. We also investigate the reliability of modeling spot parameters via analytic fits to multi-band photometric variations.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures To be published in ApJ, 1999, 510
Sciurus vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Sciurus
Sciurus vulgaris

description: Sciurus vulgaris [spec. nov.]
S. auriculis apice barbatis, palmis tetradactylis, plantis pentadactylis.
Sciurus palmis solis saliens. Faun. suec. 21. Syst. nat. 9. n. 1.
Sciurus. Gesn. quadr. 13. Aldr. quadr. 398. Jonst. quadr. t. 66.
Sciurus vulgaris. Raj. quadr. 214.
Habitat in Europae arboribus.
Aestate ruber abdomine albo, hyeme cinereus. Victitat nucibus, strobilis & c. sedens. Superfluum cibum defodit; Cortice interdum navigat. Nidus globosus e muscis.
Anatome. E. N. C. cent. 10. app. 449.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 63, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Contribution of constituent quark model $c\bar{s}$ states to the dynamics of the $D^\ast_{s0}(2317)$ and $D_{s1}(2460)$ resonances
Creators: name: Albaladejo, M.
name: Fernandez-Soler, P.
name: Nieves, J.
name: Ortega, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The masses of the $D^\ast_{s0}(2317)$ and $D_{s1}(2460)$ resonances lie below the $DK$ and $D^\ast K$ thresholds respectively, which contradicts the predictions of naive quark models and points out to non-negligible effects of the $D^{(\ast)}K$ loops in the dynamics of the even-parity scalar ($J^π=0^+$) and axial-vector ($J^π=1^+$) $c\bar s$ systems. Recent lattice QCD studies, incorporating the effects of the $D^{(\ast)}K$ channels, analyzed these spin-parity sectors and correctly described the $D^\ast_{s0}(2317)-D_{s1}(2460)$ mass splitting. Motivated by such works, we study the structure of the $D_{s0}^\ast(2317)$ and $D_{s1}(2460)$ resonances in the framework of an effective field theory consistent with heavy quark spin symmetry, and that incorporates the interplay between $D^{(\ast)}K$ meson-meson degrees of freedom and bare P-wave $c\bar s$ states predicted by constituent quark models. We extend the scheme to finite volumes and fit the strength of the coupling between both types of degrees of freedom to the available lattice levels, which we successfully describe. We finally estimate the size of the $D^{(\ast)}K$ two-meson components in the $D^\ast_{s0}(2317)$ and $D_{s1}(2460)$ resonances, and we conclude that these states have a predominantly hadronic-molecular structure, and that it should not be tried to accommodate these mesons within $c\bar{s}$ constituent quark model patterns.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures. Matches the published version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1706.01247 by other authors
The surface chemistry and bulk electronic structure of bismuth based pyrochlore oxides
Creators: name: Walker, Robert
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Metal oxides of bismuth show applications from photocatalysts to dielectric materials often due to the influence of the so called “lone pair” electrons that give rise to structural distortions and modified electronic structure. These effects upon which fundamental properties are derived are still not yet fully understood. Polycrystalline Bi 2 Ti 2 O 7 , Bi 2 Zr 2 O 7 , and Bi 2 Hf 2 O 7 materials - the latter in both pyrochlore (p) and monoclinic (m) phases - were prepared via co-precipitation and, except for Bi 2 Hf 2 O 7 (m), thin films. The bulk, surface, and electronic properties were characterised using a combination of X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic techniques. The structural determination, completed in Chapter 4, confirmed the formation of a directional lone pair by O 2p-assisted Bi 6s-6p hybridisation in all except Bi 2 Zr 2 O 7 . X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy quantified a Bi surface excess that in Chapter 5 was probed further by low-energy ion spectroscopy achieving greater surface sensitivity. The top atomic layer was determined to be almost exclusively BiO x with surface relaxation of the directional lone pair suggested as the driving force behind this surface reconstruction. By in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transformed spectroscopy, CO 2 was found to strongly chemisorb onto the surface of Bi 2 Ti 2 O 7 , Bi 2 Zr 2 O 7 , and Bi 2 Hf 2 O 7 (p) indicating a basic surface. Both the surface reconstruction and surface basicity were not observed in Y 2 Ti 2 O 7 demonstrating the clear influence of the Bi cation. In Chapter 6, the electronic structure of the films was investigated by XPS and polarisation-dependent HAXPES and indicated a strong Bi contribution to the valence band either by O 2p-assisted Bi 6s-6p hybridisation or, as in Bi 2 Zr 2 O 7 , anti-bonding interactions between O 2p and Bi 6s. The Bi 6s was shown to shift the valence band towards the Fermi edge, in addition, a valence band with a high metal character is beneficial for the formation of holes and mobility while Bi 6p contributions to the conduction band improve the stability of excited electrons from the valence band with high O 2p character.
On the biomechanics of ligaments and muscles throughout the range of hip motion
Creators: name: Van Arkel, Richard
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: At the limits of the range of hip motion, impingement, subluxation and edge loading can cause osteoarthritis in natural hips or early failure hip replacements. The aim of this PhD was to investigate the role of hip joint soft tissues throughout the range of hip motion to better understand their role in preventing (or perhaps even causing) these problematic load cases. A musculoskeletal model was used to investigate the muscular contribution to edge loading and found that in the mid-range of hip motion, the lines of action of hip muscles pointed inward from the acetabular rim and thus would stabilise the hip. However, in deep hip flexion with adduction, nearly half the muscles had unfavourable lines of action which could encourage edge loading. Conversely, in-vitro tests on nine cadaveric hips found that the hip capsular ligaments were slack in the mid-range of hip motion but tightened to restrain excessive hip rotation in positions close to the limits of hip motion. This passive restraint prevented the hip from moving into positions where the muscle lines of action were found to be unfavourable and thus could help protect the hip from edge loading. The ligaments were also found to protect the hip against impingement and dislocation. Out of the labrum, the ligamentum teres and the three capsular ligaments, it was found that the iliofemoral and ischiofemoral ligaments were primary restraints to hip rotation. These two capsular ligaments should be prioritised for protection/repair during hip surgery to maintain normal hip passive restraint. Whilst this can be technically demanding, failing to preserve/restore their function may increase the risk of osteoarthritic degeneration or hip replacement failure.
Orbital decay of Globular Clusters in the galaxy with little dark matter
Creators: name: Nusser, Adi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, \cite{vanDokkum2018} have presented an important discovery of an ultra diffuse galaxy, NGC1052-DF2, with a dark matter content significantly less than predicted from its stellar mass alone. The analysis relies on measured radial velocities of 10 Globular Clusters (GCs), of estimated individual masses of a few $ \times 10^6 M_\odot$. This is about $1\%$ of the inferred mass of NGC1052-DF2 of $2\times 10^8 M_\odot$ within a half-light radius, $R_\mathrm{e}=2.2\, \mathrm{kpc}$. The large relative mass and the old age of these objects imply that they might be susceptible to orbital decay by dynamical friction. Using analytic estimates and N-body simulations of an isolated system matching the inferred mass profile of NGC1052-DF2, we show that orbits of the most massive GCs should already have decayed on a time scale of a few Gyrs. These findings should help in constraining mass profile and formation scenarios of NGC1052-DF2.
description: Matches final version in ApJL
Theory of electronic magnetoelectric coupling in $d^5$ Mott insulators
Creators: name: Bolens, Adrien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent terahertz (THz) spectroscopy measurements in $α$-RuCl$_3$, we develop a theory for magnetoelectric (ME) effects in Mott insulators of $d^5$ transition metal ions in an octahedral crystal field. For $4d$ and $5d$ compounds, the relatively wide-spread orbitals favor charge fluctuations of localized electrons to neighboring ions and a significant ME effect from electronic mechanisms is expected. From a three-orbital Hubbard model with strong spin-orbit coupling, we derive the mechanisms for the electric polarization originating from virtual hopping of the localized holes carrying the spins. We consider the electric polarization generated by pairs of spin operators on nearest neighbor bonds with either an edge-sharing geometry (i.e., two ligands are shared) or a corner-sharing geometry (i.e., one ligand is shared). The allowed couplings are first derived using a symmetry approach. Then, we explicitly calculate the coupling constants and evaluate the effective polarization operator in the ground state manifold using perturbation theory and exact diagonalization. The results are relevant when considering the THz optical conductivity of magnetic systems such as some perovskite iridates or Kitaev materials. In particular, they help explain the recent THz optical measurements of $α$-RuCl$_{3}$ for which the electric-dipole-induced contribution has been shown to be strong.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Reionization by active sources and its effects on the cosmic microwave background
Creators: name: Weller, Jochen
name: Battye, Richard A.
name: Albrecht, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possible effects of reionization by active sources on the cosmic microwave background. We concentrate on the sources themselves as the origin of reionization, rather than early object formation, introducing an extra period of heating motivated by the active character of the perturbations. Using reasonable parameters, this leads to four possibilities depending on the time and duration of the energy input: delayed last scattering, double last scattering, shifted last scattering and total reionization. We show that these possibilities are only very weakly constrained by the limits on spectral distortions from the COBE FIRAS measurements. We illustrate the effects of these reionization possibilities on the angular power spectrum of temperature anisotropies and polarization for simple passive isocurvature models and simple coherent sources, observing the difference between passive and active models. Finally, we comment on the implications of this work for more realistic active sources, such as causal white noise and topological defect models. We show for these models that non-standard ionization histories can shift the peak in the CMB power to larger angular scales.
description: 21 pages LaTeX with 11 eps figures; replaced with final version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Circular-shift Linear Network Codes with Arbitrary Odd Block Lengths
Creators: name: Sun, Qifu Tyler
name: Tang, Hanqi
name: Li, Zongpeng
name: Yang, Xiaolong
name: Long, Keping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Circular-shift linear network coding (LNC) is a class of vector LNC with low encoding and decoding complexities, and with local encoding kernels chosen from cyclic permutation matrices. When $L$ is a prime with primitive root $2$, it was recently shown that a scalar linear solution over GF($2^{L-1}$) induces an $L$-dimensional circular-shift linear solution at rate $(L-1)/L$. In this work, we prove that for arbitrary odd $L$, every scalar linear solution over GF($2^{m_L}$), where $m_L$ refers to the multiplicative order of $2$ modulo $L$, can induce an $L$-dimensional circular-shift linear solution at a certain rate. Based on the generalized connection, we further prove that for such $L$ with $m_L$ beyond a threshold, every multicast network has an $L$-dimensional circular-shift linear solution at rate $ϕ(L)/L$, where $ϕ(L)$ is the Euler's totient function of $L$. An efficient algorithm for constructing such a solution is designed. Finally, we prove that every multicast network is asymptotically circular-shift linearly solvable.
Observations of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect at high angular resolution towards the galaxy clusters A665, A2163 and CL0016+16
Creators: name: Desert, F. -X.
name: Benoit, A.
name: Gaertner, S.
name: Bernard, J. -P.
name: Coron, N.
name: Delabrouille, J.
name: de Marcillac, P.
name: Giard, M.
name: Lamarre, J. -M.
name: Lefloch, B.
name: Puget, J. -L.
name: Sirbi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the first observation of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect with the Diabolo experiment at the IRAM 30 metre telescope. A significant brightness decrement is detected in the direction of three clusters (Abell 665, Abell 2163 and CL0016+16). With a 30 arcsecond beam and 3 arcminute beamthrow, this is the highest angular resolution observation to date of the SZ effect.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables, accepted to New Astronomy
Probing the Two-Temperature Paradigm: Observational Tests for the Basic Assumptions in ADAFs
Creators: name: Mahadevan, Rohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the flux and spectrum of synchrotron radiation produced by high energy electrons and positrons (\epm) in an advection dominated accretion flow (ADAF) around a black hole. The \epm are from the decay of charged pions which are created through proton-proton collisions. We consider both a thermal and power-law energy distribution of protons, and show that the resulting \epm synchrotron emission produces a characteristic spectrum between radio and X-ray frequencies. While previous signatures of the hot protons were only possible at gamma-ray energies, via the production of gamma-rays through neutral pion decay, the present results provide a more observationally tractable way of probing the proton energy distribution and the two temperature structure in these accretion flows. We discuss a number of strong observational predictions from these systems, as well as the recent results of Mahadevan (1998) which appear to confirm the two temperature structure in ADAFs. We show that the results provide support for both a power-law and thermal distribution of protons, with at least a third of the viscous energy going into the power-law.
description: Submitted to MNRAS. 27 pages including 5 figures
Additional file 1: of Assessment of denosumab treatment effects and imaging response in patients with giant cell tumor of bone
Creators: name: Engellau, Jacob
name: Seeger, Leanne
name: Grimer, Robert
name: Henshaw, Robert
name: Gelderblom, Hans
name: Choy, Edwin
name: Sant Chawla
name: Reichardt, Peter
name: O’Neal, Michael
name: Feng, Amy
name: Jacobs, Ira
name: Roberts, Zachary
name: Braun, Ada
name: Bach, Bruce
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology

description: Figure S1. Postbaseline time point assessments for tumor response by study for patients with ≥ 1 evaluable time point assessment. Per protocol, the sites were instructed to perform CT or MRI scans of the lesion at baseline and quarterly during the treatment period. 18FDG-PET scans were performed at the discretion of the investigator. Because this was a retrospective, independent image review, no specific acquisition parameters were provided. Sites were instructed to use their standard acquisition parameters for CT, MRI, and 18FDG-PET. Consistent use of the imaging modalities, parameters, and contrast was recommended for reproducibility. CT computed tomography, 18FDG‑PET 2-deoxy-2-[18F] fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography; MRI magnetic resonance imaging. Figure S2. (a) Best percentage change in SLD for target lesions in the ICDS evaluation and (b) best percentage change in density for target lesions in the ICDS evaluation. ICDS inverse Choi density/size; LD longest diameter; SLD sum of longest diameter. (DOCX 233 kb)
Sciurus niger Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Sciurus
Sciurus niger

description: Sciurus niger [spec. nov.]
S. niger. Catesb. carol. 2. p. 73. t. 73.
Habitat in America septentrionali.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 64, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Cooperative Authentication in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Diamant, Roee
name: Casari, Paolo
name: Tomasin, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the growing use of underwater acoustic communications (UWAC) for both industrial and military operations, there is a need to ensure communication security. A particular challenge is represented by underwater acoustic networks (UWANs), which are often left unattended over long periods of time. Currently, due to physical and performance limitations, UWAC packets rarely include encryption, leaving the UWAN exposed to external attacks faking legitimate messages. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for message authentication in a UWAN setting. We begin by observing that, due to the strong spatial dependency of the underwater acoustic channel, an attacker can attempt to mimic the channel associated with the legitimate transmitter only for a small set of receivers, typically just for a single one. Taking this into account, our scheme relies on trusted nodes that independently help a sink node in the authentication process. For each incoming packet, the sink fuses beliefs evaluated by the trusted nodes to reach an authentication decision. These beliefs are based on estimated statistical channel parameters, chosen to be the most sensitive to the transmitter-receiver displacement. Our simulation results show accurate identification of an attacker's packet. We also report results from a sea experiment demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach.
description: Author version of paper accepted for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induced cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: Do megakaryocytes, platelets and lipid mediators make up the orchestra?
Creators: name: Chiang, Kate Chander
name: Raghavan, Ravi
name: Gupta, Ajay
Publisher: name: Free Neuropathology
Year: 2021

description: The COVID-19 vaccines comprised of adenoviral vectors encoding the Spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 are highly effective but associated with rare thrombotic complications. The adenovirus vector infects epithelial cells expressing the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR). The S glycoprotein expressed locally stimulates neutralizing antibody and cellular immune responses. These vaccines have been associated with thromboembolic events including cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). S glycoprotein stimulates the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and leads to massive generation of thromboxane A2 in COVID-19. Megakaryocytes express CAR and we postulate that S glycoprotein stimulated generation of thromboxane A2 leads to megakaryocyte activation, biogenesis of activated platelets and thereby increased thrombogenicity. Cerebral vein sinuses express podoplanin, a natural ligand for CLEC2 receptors on platelets. Platelets traversing through the cerebral vein sinuses could be further activated by thromboxane A2-dependent podoplanin-CLEC2 signaling, leading to CVST. A prothrombotic hormonal milieu, and increased generation of thromboxane A2 and platelet activation in healthy females compared to males is consistent with increased risk for CVST observed in women. We propose that antiplatelet agents targeting thromboxane A2 receptor signaling such as low-dose aspirin merit consideration for chemoprophylaxis when administering the adenovirus based COVID-19 vaccines to young adults at risk of thrombosis provided there are no contraindications.
description: Free Neuropathology, Bd. 2 (2021)
A Tighter Constraint on post-Newtonian Gravity using Millisecond Pulsars
Creators: name: Bell, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some theories of gravity predict the existence of preferred-frame effects and violations of conservation of energy and momentum. General relativity predicts no such effects. In the parameterised post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism, the parameter, \al3 $\equiv 0$ if these effects do not exist. The period derivatives ($\dot{P}$) of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are used to more tightly constrain these effects by showing that $|$\al3$|$ $< 5 \times 10^{-16}$.
description: 3 pages, uuencoded, gz -9 compressed postscript, accepted by ApJL