cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Developing Physical Literacy and Self-Efficacy: Supporting Student Autonomy in High School Physical Education Through Assessment
Creators: name: Taylor, Matt
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University
Year: 2024
Subjects: School of education and technology

description: 2024
description: This study addresses concerns surrounding the decline in engagement in optional physical education programs. To enhance student engagement, the study aimed to align physical education courses with principles of self-determination theory, focusing on the role of competence in supporting autonomy. The intervention involved the assessment of competence through various fitness tests. Particular instruments, such as the Vertical Jump and 30 Meter Sprint Tests observed high levels of student preference and perceived significance. Interestingly, while the Multistage Fitness Test was identified by students as a reliable indicator of physical fitness, it garnered limited student selection. Additionally, the study incorporated movements from the Functional Movement ScreenTM to cultivate student awareness of common movement pattern intricacies. While specific movement recommendations are not outlined, the findings underscore several noteworthy considerations. Notably, various factors influence student choices in student-selected fitness assessments, and purpose-driven fitness assessments can contribute to student motivation. The study's insights provide valuable guidance for structuring physical education programs to foster engagement and autonomy among students. Lastly, this study highlights the potential of alternative methods such as co-teaching and amalgamation to deliver responsive and differentiated physical education instruction, addressing resource limitations, and promoting enhanced student engagement and skill development.
Quantum interference between the optical Stark effect and resonant harmonic generation in WS2
Creators: name: Morrow, Darien J.
name: Kohler, Daniel D.
name: Zhao, Yuzhou
name: Scheeler, Jason M.
name: Jin, Song
name: Wright, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An applied field can modulate optical signals by resonance shifting via the Stark effect. The optical Stark effect (OSE) uses ultrafast light in the transparency region of a material to shift resonances with speeds limited by the pulse duration or system coherence. In this Letter we investigate the OSE in resonant optical harmonic generation (OHG) using the ground state exciton transition of WS2 with a variety of morphologies. Multidimensional pump-harmonic-probe measurements, in which the probe is second- or third-harmonic emission, reveal not only large Stark shifts that are commensurate with the large optical susceptibilities common to WS2 excitons, but also behaviors more complex than simple OSE treatments predict. We show how a new manifestation of the Stark Effect, brought forth by coherent photon exchange between the pump and OHG fundamental fields, can strongly enhance or suppress OHG.
title: Determining Conditions That Enable or Impede the Inclusion of Climate Justice in Municipal Adaptation Planning in Canada
Creators: name: Lash, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University
Year: 2023
Subjects: School of environment and sustainability

description: 2023
description: Abstract Governments are increasingly turning to adaptation planning to prepare for the onset of climate change. A climate justice framework in adaptation planning seeks equity by ensuring all parts of society receive the benefits required to address their vulnerabilities. This thesis examined the extent and quality of climate justice in municipal adaptation planning in Canada to identify the conditions that enable or impede climate justice. Levels of justice were measured in twelve municipal adaptation plans in Canada using an Adaptation Justice Index. Interviews with municipal planners explored the conditions that affect their ranking. Results found that capacity, engagement, leadership, process design, worldview, and continual learning are the insertion points at which justice can be included or excluded. Furthermore, integrating climate justice requires an iterative process of evolving values which influence and could continually improve the process structure.
The Straits of Messina : a chamber concerto for piano and fourteen players
Creators: name: Scott, David Raphael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Straits of Messina is a fifteen-minute musical composition scored for piano, clarinet, bass clarinet, bassoon, trumpet, tenor trombone, bass trombone, two percussion, two violins, two violas, cello and double bass. The work is in one continuous movement and features the piano most prominently. The entire concept and large-scale progress of this work is indebted to the single organic shape of the spiral. This is used to control the overall form, basic timbral progress and underlying pitch content at both foreground and background levels. These controlled parameters are balanced, however, by freedom in the areas of rhythm, intensity, pulse, texture and register which develop as the piece progresses. The balance of freedom and control creates a vital tension, resulting in a dramatic unfolding of musical material. The Supporting Document for The Straits of Messina offers a general introduction to some of the working methods employed in the composition, along with detailed analysis of specific sections of interest. An Appendix provides a descriptive commentary on the work.
Thermal Field Theory in real-time formalism: concepts and applications for particle decays
Creators: name: Lundberg, Torbjörn
name: Pasechnik, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review represents a detailed and comprehensive discussion of the Thermal Field Theory (TFT) concepts and key results in Yukawa-type theories. We start with a general pedagogical introduction into the TFT in the imaginary- and real-time formulation. As phenomenologically relevant implications, we present a compendium of thermal decay rates for several typical reactions calculated within the framework of the real-time formalism and compared to the imaginary-time results found in the literature. Processes considered here are those of a neutral (pseudo)scalar decaying into two distinct (pseudo)scalars or into a fermion-antifermion pair. These processes are extended from earlier works to include chemical potentials and distinct species in the final state. In addition, a (pseudo)scalar emission off a fermion line is also discussed. These results demonstrate the importance of thermal effects in particle decay observables relevant in many phenomenological applications in systems at high temperatures and densities.
description: 87 pages, 11 figures
Visser't Hooft, W.A., Die ganze Kirche für die ganze Welt
Creators: name: Boyens, Armin
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 16 Nr. 3 (1967): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 16, Heft 3
Post-Minkowskian Effective Field Theory for Conservative Binary Dynamics
Creators: name: Kälin, Gregor
name: Porto, Rafael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an Effective Field Theory (EFT) formalism to solve for the conservative dynamics of binary systems in gravity via Post-Minkowskian (PM) scattering data. Our framework combines a systematic EFT approach to compute the deflection angle in the PM expansion, together with the 'Boundary-to-Bound' (B2B) dictionary introduced in [1910.03008, 1911.09130]. Due to the nature of scattering processes, a remarkable reduction of complexity occurs both in the number of Feynman diagrams and type of integrals, compared to a direct EFT computation of the potential in a PM scheme. We provide two illustrative examples. Firstly, we compute all the conservative gravitational observables for bound orbits to 2PM, which follow from only one topology beyond leading order. The results agree with those in [1910.03008, 1911.09130], obtained through the 'impetus formula' applied to the classical limit of the one loop amplitude in Cheung et al. [1808.02489]. For the sake of comparison we reconstruct the conservative Hamiltonian to 2PM order, which is equivalent to the one derived in [1808.02489] from a matching calculation. Secondly, we compute the scattering angle due to tidal effects from the electric- and magnetic-type Love numbers at leading PM order. Using the B2B dictionary we then obtain the tidal contribution to the periastron advance. We also construct a Hamiltonian including tidal effects at leading PM order. Although relying on (relativistic) Feynman diagrams, the EFT formalism developed here does not involve taking the classical limit of a quantum amplitude, neither integrals with internal massive fields, nor additional matching calculations, nor spurious ('super-classical') infrared singularities. By construction, the EFT approach can be automatized to all PM orders.
description: 40 pages. 3 figures
A MODEL OF NEW ZEALAND APPLE SUPPLY RESPONSE TO TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE
Creators: name: Rae, Allan N.
name: Carman, Hoy F.
name: Rae, Allan N.
name: Carman, Hoy F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: A supply response model for New Zealand apples is specified and equations for new plantings, removals, yields and adoption of an innovation are estimated. The model expands on perennial crop models previously estimated by incorporating the time pattern of adoption of a planting innovation and formulation of a measure of yield expectations given technological change.
Reconnection of Colliding Cosmic Strings
Creators: name: Hanany, Amihay
name: Hashimoto, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For vortex strings in the Abelian Higgs model and D-strings in superstring theory, both of which can be regarded as cosmic strings, we give analytical study of reconnection (recombination, inter-commutation) when they collide, by using effective field theories on the strings. First, for the vortex strings, via a string sigma model, we verify analytically that the reconnection is classically inevitable for small collision velocity and small relative angle. Evolution of the shape of the reconnected strings provides an upper bound on the collision velocity in order for the reconnection to occur. These analytical results are in agreement with previous numerical results. On the other hand, reconnection of the D-strings is not classical but probabilistic. We show that a quantum calculation of the reconnection probability using a D-string action reproduces the nonperturbative nature of the worldsheet results by Jackson, Jones and Polchinski. The difference on the reconnection -- classically inevitable for the vortex strings while quantum mechanical for the D-strings -- is suggested to originate from the difference between the effective field theories on the strings.
description: 29 pages, 14 eps figures, JHEP style; references added, typos corrected
USING REGRESSION ANALYSIS TO REDUCE AGGREGATION BIAS IN LINEAR PROGRAMMING SUPPLY MODELS
Creators: name: Kennedy, John O.S.
name: Kennedy, John O.S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Because methods of eliminating aggregation bias are impracticable, an alternative method is suggested for reducing aggregation bias which uses regression estimates of farm resonrce availabilities as functions of farm size. The estimates are incorporated in a parametric run of the LP problem in which size is parameterized. The method is applied to a case study problem, and the results compared with other methods of demarcating representative farms.
Dimerization-induced enhancement of the spin gap in the quarter-filled two-leg rectangular ladder
Creators: name: Yan, Y.
name: Mazumdar, S.
name: Ramasesha, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report density-matrix renormalization group calculations of spin gaps in the quarter-filled correlated two-leg rectangular ladder with bond-dimerization along the legs of the ladder. In the small rung-coupling region, dimerization along the leg bonds can lead to large enhancement of the spin gap. Electron-electron interactions further enhance the spin gap, which is nonzero for all values of the rung electron hopping and for arbitrarily small bond-dimerization. Very large spin gaps, as are found experimentally in quarter-filled band organic charge-transfer solids with coupled pairs of quasi-one-dimensional stacks, however, occur within the model only for large dimerization and rung electron hopping that are nearly equal to the hopping along the legs. Coexistence of charge order and spin gap is also possible within the model for not too large intersite Coulomb interaction.
Laplacian Change Point Detection for Dynamic Graphs
Creators: name: Huang, Shenyang
name: Hitti, Yasmeen
name: Rabusseau, Guillaume
name: Rabbany, Reihaneh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dynamic and temporal graphs are rich data structures that are used to model complex relationships between entities over time. In particular, anomaly detection in temporal graphs is crucial for many real world applications such as intrusion identification in network systems, detection of ecosystem disturbances and detection of epidemic outbreaks. In this paper, we focus on change point detection in dynamic graphs and address two main challenges associated with this problem: I) how to compare graph snapshots across time, II) how to capture temporal dependencies. To solve the above challenges, we propose Laplacian Anomaly Detection (LAD) which uses the spectrum of the Laplacian matrix of the graph structure at each snapshot to obtain low dimensional embeddings. LAD explicitly models short term and long term dependencies by applying two sliding windows. In synthetic experiments, LAD outperforms the state-of-the-art method. We also evaluate our method on three real dynamic networks: UCI message network, US senate co-sponsorship network and Canadian bill voting network. In all three datasets, we demonstrate that our method can more effectively identify anomalous time points according to significant real world events.
description: in KDD 2020, 10 pages
title: Upregulation of haematopoetic cell kinase (Hck) activity by a secreted parasite effector protein (Ta9) drives proliferation of Theileria annulata-transformed leukocytes
Creators: name: Tajeri, Shahin
name: Shiels, Brian
name: Langsley, Gordon
name: Nijhof, Ard M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Theileria annulata
subject: Ta9
subject: Leukocyte transformation
subject: gene expression
subject: Hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK)
classificationCode: 630
subject: Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Reversible transformation of bovine leukocytes by the intracellular parasites Theileria annulata and Theileria parva is central to pathogenesis of the diseases they cause, tropical theileriosis and East Coast Fever, respectively. Parasite-dependent constitutive activation of major host transcription factors such as AP-1 (Activating Protein 1) and NF-κB (Nuclear Factor-Kappa B) sustains the transformed state. Although parasite interaction with host cell signaling pathways upstream of AP-1 have been studied, the precise contribution of Theileria encoded factors capable of modulating AP-1 transcriptional activity, and other infection-altered signaling pathways is not fully understood. We previously showed that the Ta9 protein from T. annulata (TA15705) is secreted into the host cell cytoplasm and contributes to infection-induced AP-1 transcriptional activity. The current study employed RNA-seq to investigate the ability of ectopically expressed Ta9 to modulate the gene transcription profile of a bovine macrophage cell line, BoMac. RNA-seq identified 560 (400 upregulated and 160 downregulated) differentially expressed genes. KEGG analysis predicted a high number of upregulated genes associated with carcinogenesis such as CCND1, CDKN1A, ETV4, ETV5, FLI1, FRA1, GLI2, GRO1, HCK, IL7R, MYBL1, MYCN, PIM1 and TAL1. Ta9 introduction also affected genes associated with proinflammatory processes such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and metalloproteinases. Enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that Ta9 is potentially involved in activating other host cell signaling pathways in addition to those that lead to induction of AP-1. Comparing our data with data on differentially expressed BoMac genes modulated by the secreted TashAT2 factor of T. annulata identified the gene encoding the tyrosine protein kinase hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) as common to both data sets. HCK is essential for the proliferation of T. parva-transformed B cells and herein, we demonstrate that enzymatic activity of HCK is also essential for T. annulata- and T. lestoquardi-transformed macrophage proliferation.
On the Littlewood conjecture in simultaneous Diophantine approximation
Creators: name: Adamczewski, Boris
name: Bugeaud, Yann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J69, 11J70, 68R15

description: For any given real number $α$ with bounded partial quotients, we construct explicitly continuum many real numbers $β$ with bounded partial quotients for which the pair $(α, β)$ satisfies a strong form of the Littlewood conjecture. Our proof is elementary and rests on the basic theory of continued fractions.
Long Way to Ricci Flatness
Creators: name: Chen, Jin
name: Sheu, Chao-Hsiang
name: Shifman, Mikhail
name: Tallarita, Gianni
name: Yung, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two-dimensional weighted ${\mathcal N}=2$ supersymmetric $\mathbb{CP}$ models with the goal of exploring their infrared (IR) limit. $\mathbb{WCP}(N,\widetilde{N})$ are simplified versions of world-sheet theories on non-Abelian strings in four-dimensional ${\mathcal N}=2$ QCD. In the gauged linear sigma model (GLSM) formulation, $\mathbb{WCP} (N,\widetilde{N})$ has $N$ charges +1 and $\widetilde{N}$ charges $-1$ fields. As well-known, at $\widetilde{N}=N$ this GLSM is conformal. Its target space is believed to be a non-compact Calabi-Yau manifold. We mostly focus on the $N=2$ case, then the Calabi-Yau space is a conifold. On the other hand, in the non-linear sigma model (NLSM) formulation the model has ultra-violet logarithms and does not look conformal. Moreover, its metric is not Ricci-flat. We address this puzzle by studying the renormalization group (RG) flow of the model. We show that the metric of NLSM becomes Ricci-flat in the IR. Moreover, it tends to the known metric of the resolved conifold. We also study a close relative of the $\mathbb{WCP}$ model -- the so called $zn$ model -- which in actuality represents the world sheet theory on a non-Abelian semilocal string and show that this $zn$ model has similar RG properties.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures
Giant Planets, Tiny Stars: Producing Short-Period Planets around White Dwarfs with the Eccentric Kozai-Lidov Mechanism
Creators: name: Stephan, Alexander P.
name: Naoz, Smadar
name: Gaudi, B. Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discoveries of WD J091405.30+191412.25 (WD J0914 hereafter), a white dwarf likely accreting material from an ice giant planet, and WD 1856+534 b (WD 1856 b hereafter), a Jupiter-sized planet transiting a white dwarf, are the first direct evidence of giant planets orbiting white dwarfs. However, for both systems the observations indicate that the planets' current orbital distances would have put them inside the stellar envelope during the red giant phase, implying that the planets must have migrated to their current orbits after their host stars became white dwarfs. Furthermore, WD J0914 is a very hot white dwarf with a short cooling time that indicates a fast migration mechanism. Here, we demonstrate that the Eccentric Kozai-Lidov (EKL) Mechanism, combined with stellar evolution and tidal effects, can naturally produce the observed orbital configurations, assuming that the white dwarfs have distant stellar companions. Indeed, WD 1856 is part of a stellar triple system, being a distant companion to a stellar binary. We provide constraints for the orbital and physical characteristics for the potential stellar companion of WD J0914 and determine the initial orbital parameters of the WD 1856 system.
description: Updated version, includes more details regarding observational constraints, accepted for publication in ApJ
Dynamic Kerr effect responses in the Terahertz-range
Creators: name: Haeberle, U.
name: Diezemann, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamic Kerr effect measurements provide a simple realization of a nonlinear experiment. We propose a field-off experiment where an electric field of one or several sinusoidal cycles is applied to a sample in thermal equilibrium. Afterwards, the evolution of the polarizability is measured. If such an experiment is performed in the Terahertz-range it might provide valuable information about the low-frequency dynamics in disordered systems. We treat these dynamics in terms of a Brownian oscillator model and calculate the Kerr effect response. It is shown that frequency-selective behaviour can be expected. In the interesting case of underdamped vibrational motion we find that the frequency-dependence of the phonon-damping can be determined from the experiment. Also the behaviour of overdamped relaxational modes is discussed. For typical glassy materials we estimate the magnitude of all relevant quantities, which we believe to be helpful in experimental realizations.
description: 26 pages incl. 5 figures
PROGRAMMING FOR EFFICIENT PLANNING AGAINST NON-NORMAL RISK
Creators: name: Anderson, Jock R.
name: Anderson, Jock R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Farm Management

description: A planning methodology is developed based on Monte Carlo sampling of plans and sorting out inefficient plans according to the rules of stochastic dominance. Illustrations and methodological comparison are made in a context of farm planning under risk, and an application in income stabilization research is indicated.
title: Bioinspired artificial antioxidases for efficient redox homeostasis and maxillofacial bone regeneration
Creators: name: Wang, Ting
name: Bai, Mingru
name: Geng, Wei
name: Adeli, Mohsen
name: Ye, Ling
name: Cheng, Chong
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Bioinspired materials
subject: Nanoparticles
subject: Preclinical research
classificationCode: 540
subject: Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Reconstructing large, inflammatory maxillofacial defects using stem cell-based therapy faces challenges from adverse microenvironments, including high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inadequate oxygen, and intensive inflammation. Here, inspired by the reaction mechanisms of intracellular antioxidant defense systems, we propose the de novo design of an artificial antioxidase using Ru-doped layered double hydroxide (Ru-hydroxide) for efficient redox homeostasis and maxillofacial bone regeneration. Our studies demonstrate that Ru-hydroxide consists hydroxyls-synergistic monoatomic Ru centers, which efficiently react with oxygen species and collaborate with hydroxyls for rapid proton and electron transfer, thus exhibiting efficient, broad-spectrum, and robust ROS scavenging performance. Moreover, Ru-hydroxide can effectively sustain stem cell viability and osteogenic differentiation in elevated ROS environments, modulating the inflammatory microenvironment during bone tissue regeneration in male mice. We believe this Ru-hydroxide development offers a promising avenue for designing antioxidase-like materials to treat various inflammation-associated disorders, including arthritis, diabetic wounds, enteritis, and bone fractures.
title: Einfluss von Benetzungsarchitektur und Porenwandladung auf Fluidverteilung und Protonentransport in mesoporösen Silicafilmen
Creators: name: Despot, Laura
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2024

description: Protonenaustauschmembranen werden in verschiedenen Bereichen, z. B. in der Elektrolyse-Technologie zur Wasserstofferzeugung, in Vanadium-Flow-Batterien für die Energiespeicherung und in Brennstoffzellen für die Energieumwandlung, eingesetzt. Um deren Leistung zu erhöhen und das Anwendungsspektrum zu erweitern, müssen die zugrunde liegenden Transportmechanismen in Protonenaustauschmembranen besser verstanden werden. In dieser Arbeit wird zunächst der pH-Einfluss und somit die Ladungsabhängigkeit vom Protonentransport durch polyelektrolytfunktionalisierte Mesoporen untersucht. Hierfür werden mesoporöse Silicafilme mit sulfonsäurehaltigem Polymer funktionalisiert und mittels elektrochemischer Impedanzspektroskopie untersucht. Des Weiteren wird der der Einfluss von Benetzungsmuster und Ladung entlang Mesoporen auf die Fluidverteilung, die Wasserkondensation und den Stofftransport untersucht. Über konsekutive Tauchbeschichtung und Cokondensation verschiedener Silane werden mesoporöse Silicafilme mit asymmetrischer Benetzbarkeit hergestellt. Die Porenzugänglichkeit wird über Cyclovoltammetrie und Fluoreszenzmikroskopie untersucht. Zum Untersuchen von Wasserkondensation und -adsorption in den einzelnen Schichten wurde Ellipsoporosimetrie und Interferometrie genutzt. Der benetzungs- und pH-abhängige Stofftransport wurde zusätzlich über die Permeation von geladenen Testmolekülen durch AAO-Membranen untersucht. Abschließend werden erste Versuche zur Herstellung von asymmetrisch funktionalisierten mesoporösen Silicafilmen mit einstellbarer Porenladung und Oberflächenbenetzung durch die Funktionalisierung von mesoporösen Silicafilmen mit einem Polyelektrolyten und einem perfluorierten Silan gezeigt.
Radial and 2D Colour Properties of E+A Galaxies
Creators: name: Yamauchi, Chisato
name: Goto, Tomotsugu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the radial colour gradient and two-dimensional (2D) colour properties of 22 E+A galaxies with 5.5 < Hdelta equivalent width(EW) < 8.5Åand 49 normal early-type galaxies as a control sample at a redshift of <0.2 in the Second Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We found that a substantial number of E+A galaxies exhibit positive slopes of radial colour gradient (bluer gradients toward the centre) which are seldom seen in normal early-type galaxies. We found irregular 'colour morphologies'-- asymmetrical and clumpy patterns -- at the centre of g-r and r-i 2D colour maps of E+A galaxies with positive slopes of colour gradient. Kolomogorov-Smirnov two-sample tests show that g-r and r-i colour gradient distributions of E+A galaxies differ from those of early-type galaxies with a more than 99.99 per cent significance level. We also found a tight correlation between radial colour gradients and colours, and between radial colour gradients and the 4000-Åbreak in the E+A sample; E+A galaxies which exhibit bluer colour or weaker D4000 tend to have positive slopes of radial colour gradient. We compared the GISSEL model and E+A observational quantities, Hdelta EW, D4000 and u-g colour, and found that almost all our E+A galaxies are situated along a single evolutionary track. Therefore, these results are interpreted as E+A galaxies evolving from Hdelta EW ~ 8 Åto Hdelta EW ~ 5 Å, with colour gradients changing from positive to negative, and with the irregular 2D colour map becoming smoother, during a time-scale of ~300 Myr. Our results favour the hypothesis that E+A galaxies are post-starburst galaxies caused by merger/interaction, having undergone a centralized violent starburst.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, accepted by MNRAS, http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08996.x
SUPPLY RESPONSE IN THE WHEAT-BELT OF SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA: THE IMPACT OF DELIVERY QUOTAS ON WHEAT PLANTINGS
Creators: name: Fisher, Brian S.
name: Fisher, Brian S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Supply response equations were estimated for a number of regions in south-eastern Australia using the area sown to wheat as the response variable. These equations were used to determine the effect of delivery quotas on the area of wheat sown in those regions. Results from this study indicate that delivery quotas were only effective in reducing wheat plantings in the south-eastern Australian wheat-belt in the 1970-71 season. Plantings in other seasons in which delivery quotas were applied could be explained using variables such as wheat prices and a time trend.
Explanation and Use of Uncertainty Quantified by Bayesian Neural Network Classifiers for Breast Histopathology Images
Creators: name: Thiagarajan, Ponkrshnan
name: Khairnar, Pushkar
name: Ghosh, Susanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Despite the promise of Convolutional neural network (CNN) based classification models for histopathological images, it is infeasible to quantify its uncertainties. Moreover, CNNs may suffer from overfitting when the data is biased. We show that Bayesian-CNN can overcome these limitations by regularizing automatically and by quantifying the uncertainty. We have developed a novel technique to utilize the uncertainties provided by the Bayesian-CNN that significantly improves the performance on a large fraction of the test data (about 6% improvement in accuracy on 77% of test data). Further, we provide a novel explanation for the uncertainty by projecting the data into a low dimensional space through a nonlinear dimensionality reduction technique. This dimensionality reduction enables interpretation of the test data through visualization and reveals the structure of the data in a low dimensional feature space. We show that the Bayesian-CNN can perform much better than the state-of-the-art transfer learning CNN (TL-CNN) by reducing the false negative and false positive by 11% and 7.7% respectively for the present data set. It achieves this performance with only 1.86 million parameters as compared to 134.33 million for TL-CNN. Besides, we modify the Bayesian-CNN by introducing a stochastic adaptive activation function. The modified Bayesian-CNN performs slightly better than Bayesian-CNN on all performance metrics and significantly reduces the number of false negatives and false positives (3% reduction for both). We also show that these results are statistically significant by performing McNemar's statistical significance test. This work shows the advantages of Bayesian-CNN against the state-of-the-art, explains and utilizes the uncertainties for histopathological images. It should find applications in various medical image classifications.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
Perspectives of differential expansion
Creators: name: Bishler, L.
name: Morozov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We outline the current status of the differential expansion (DE) of colored knot polynomials i.e. of their $Z$--$F$ decomposition into representation-- and knot--dependent parts. Its existence is a theorem for HOMFLY-PT polynomials in symmetric and antisymmetric representations, but everything beyond is still hypothetical -- and quite difficult to explore and interpret. However, DE remains one of the main sources of knowledge and calculational means in modern knot theory. We concentrate on the following subjects: applicability of DE to non-trivial knots, its modifications for knots with non-vanishing defects and DE for non-rectangular representations. An essential novelty is the analysis of a more-naive ${\cal Z}$--${F_{Tw}}$ decomposition with the twist-knot $F$-factors and non-standard ${\cal Z}$-factors and a discovery of still another triangular and universal transformation $V$, which converts $\cal{Z}$ to the standard $Z$-factors $V^{-1}\cdot {\cal Z}= Z$ and allows to calculate $F$ as $F = V\cdot F_{Tw}$.
description: 14 pages
The cloning and characterization of a THN reductase gene from ophiostoma floccosum 387n
Creators: name: Eagen, Rebecca
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Sapstaining fungi, in particular Ophiostoma sp., cause significant economic problems for Canada's lumber industry and current control methods are less than ideal. The visible stain found on lumber is caused by melanin produced in the mycelia of sapstaining fungi as they grow through the sapwood. O. floccosom 387N is frequently isolated from stained lumber but knowledge of this fungus is lacking. A molecular biological approach, in addition to elucidating important data about this organism, may provide information that could prove valuable in designing specific melanin inhibitors or creating pigment deficient strains that could be used for biocontrol. The novel application and adaptations of molecular biological techniques to O. floccosom 387N were used to isolate and characterize a gene from the melanin biosynthetic pathway. Culture conditions were defined during which pigmentation and biomass yields were significant. Application of dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) pathway inhibitors caused the reduction of visible pigment production in 387N and allowed us to speculate that the DHN pathway of melanin biosynthesis was important in 387N. Hybridization data indicated that 387N possessed sequences that were very similar to other filamentous fungal DHN genes. A genomic library of 387N was screened and we recovered a gene with an 877 nucleotide open reading frame that coded for a protein of 268 amino acids. The protein shared similarity with other fungal tri- or tetra-hydroxynaphthalene (THN) reductases and shared determinative characteristics of the family of short chain alcohol dehydrogenases. To prove the function of the gene that was isolated and characterized, the 387N THN reductase gene was used to complement THN reductase deficient buf mutants of Magnaporthe grisea. Several transformants were recovered that had wild type pigmentation. Hybridization studies and reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) indicated that these transformants had integrated copies of the 387N gene and that gene transcripts were present. This evidence led us to conclude that the gene isolated from 387N functions as a THN reductase.
AGRICULTURAL POLICY ADVICE AND THE PUBLIC INQUIRY PROCESS
Creators: name: Mauldon, Roger G.
name: Mauldon, Roger G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The Industries Assistance Commission came into existence in 1974. It extends to all industries, including the rural industries, the system of public scrutiny of advice regarding assistance. This paper considers the ethos of the IAC's establishment. It discusses some criteria which are features of the IAC's operation, and which are considered to be necessary for an effective public inquiry process. Finally, it comments on the relationship of the IAC to other policy objectives and other advisory instrumentalities.
Non-Fermi liquid behavior in nearly charge ordered layered metals
Creators: name: Merino, J.
name: Greco, A.
name: Drichko, N.
name: Dressel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Fermi liquid behavior is shown to occur in two-dimensional metals which are close to a charge ordering transition driven by the Coulomb repulsion. A linear temperature dependence of the scattering rate together with an increase of the electron effective mass occur above T*, a temperature scale much smaller than the Fermi temperature. It is shown that the anomalous temperature dependence of the optical conductivity of the quasi-two-dimensional organic metal alpha-(BEDT-TTF)2MHg(SCN)4, with M=NH4 and Rb, above T*=50-100 K, agrees qualitatively with our predictions for the electronic properties of nearly charge ordered two-dimensional metals.
description: accepted in Phys. Rev. Lett
AN EVALUATION OF SELECTED DECISION MODELS: A CASE OF CROP CHOICE IN NORTHERN THAILAND
Creators: name: Vieth, Gary R.
name: Suppapanya, Pramote
name: Vieth, Gary R.
name: Suppapanya, Pramote
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Decision models
subject: Expected utility maximization
subject: Farm income
subject: Profit maximization
subject: Target-MOTAD

description: This research examines the predictability of a profit maximization model, an expected value-variance utility maximization (E-V) model, and two versions of the target-MOTAD model for modeling risky agricultural production decisions. Model solutions were translated into expected value and variance of farm income for analysis. Direct comparison and chi-square analysis of actual and predicted expected income distributions were used in the analyses. It was concluded that the utility maximization and cash-cost target-MOTAD models predicted distributions of farm income better than the variable-cost target-MOTAD and profit maximization models.
Global Defects in Field Theory with Applications to Condensed Matter
Creators: name: Bazeia, D.
name: Menezes, J.
name: Menezes, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review investigations on defects in systems described by real scalar fields in (D,1) space-time dimensions. We first work in one spatial dimension, with models described by one and two real scalar fields, and in higher dimensions. We show that when the potential assumes specific form, there are models which support stable global defects for D arbitrary. We also show how to find first-order differential equations that solve the equations of motion, and how to solve models in D dimensions via soluble problems in D=1. We illustrate the procedure examining specific models and showing how they may be used in applications in different contexts in condensed matter physics, and in other areas.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
A Perspective on Gaussian Processes for Earth Observation
Creators: name: Camps-Valls, Gustau
name: Sejdinovic, Dino
name: Runge, Jakob
name: Reichstein, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Earth observation (EO) by airborne and satellite remote sensing and in-situ observations play a fundamental role in monitoring our planet. In the last decade, machine learning and Gaussian processes (GPs) in particular has attained outstanding results in the estimation of bio-geo-physical variables from the acquired images at local and global scales in a time-resolved manner. GPs provide not only accurate estimates but also principled uncertainty estimates for the predictions, can easily accommodate multimodal data coming from different sensors and from multitemporal acquisitions, allow the introduction of physical knowledge, and a formal treatment of uncertainty quantification and error propagation. Despite great advances in forward and inverse modelling, GP models still have to face important challenges that are revised in this perspective paper. GP models should evolve towards data-driven physics-aware models that respect signal characteristics, be consistent with elementary laws of physics, and move from pure regression to observational causal inference.
description: 1 figure
Semiclassical circular strings in AdS_5 and "long" gauge field strength operators
Creators: name: Park, I. Y.
name: Tirziu, A.
name: Tseytlin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider circular strings rotating with equal spins S_1=S_2=S in two orthogonal planes in AdS_5 and suggest that they may be dual to "long" gauge theory operators built out of self-dual components of gauge field strength. As was found in hep-th/0404187, the one-loop anomalous dimensions of the such gauge-theory operators are described by an anti-ferromagnetic XXX_1 spin chain and scale linearly with length L>>1. We find that in the case of rigid rotating string both the classical energy E_0 and the 1-loop string correction E_1 depend linearly on the spin S (within the stability region of the solution). This supports the relation between the rigid rotating string and the gauge-theory operator corresponding to the maximal-spin (ferromagnetic) state of the XXX_1 spin chain. The energy of more general rotating and pulsating strings also happens to scale linearly with both the spin and the oscillation number. Such solutions should be dual to other lower-spin states of the spin chain, with the anti-ferromagnetic ground state presumably corresponding to the string pulsating in two planes with no rotation.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures, v2: typos corrected; v3: misprint in eq.(2.15) corrected
title: Veränderungen von Konsumpraktiken in der Corona-Pandemie: Ergebnisse aus dem "Logbuch der Veränderungen"
Creators: name: Weinberger, Rebecca
name: König, Bettina
name: Nölting, Benjamin
name: Gutsohn, Andrea
Publisher: name: Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde
Year: 2024

description: Die Corona-Pandemie und die Maßnahmen zu ihrer Eindämmung hatten vielfache wirtschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Auswirkungen und führten dabei zu tiefgreifenden Veränderungen in den Alltagsroutinen vieler Menschen. Davon blieben auch die Alltagsbereiche Konsum und Versorgung nicht verschont. In diesem Diskussionspapier wird untersucht, inwieweit sich Alltagspraktiken im Hinblick auf das Einkaufs- und Versorgungsverhalten durch die Corona-bedingten Beschränkungen verändert haben und welche Auswirkungen diese Verhaltensänderungen auf eine nachhaltige Entwicklung haben können. Grundlage dafür ist die Tagebuchstudie „Logbuch der Veränderung“ des Forschungszentrums [Nachhaltigkeit – Transformation – Transfer]. Im untersuchten Handlungsfeld „Einkauf und Versorgung“ wurden insgesamt 757 Logbucheinträge, welche von 545 Logbuchschreiber*innen verfasst wurden, ausgewertet. Das Datenmaterial umfasst die Einträge der ersten drei Erhebungsphasen (von März bis September 2020) des Logbuchprojektes.
Den theoretischen Rahmen für das untersuchte Handlungsfeld bildet die Praxistheorie und wird methodisch durch eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse strukturiert. Nach Auswertung des qualitativen Datenmaterials konnten fünf Praktiken identifizierten werden: (1) Kauf von Verbrauchsgütern, (2) Verwendung der Lebensmittel, (3) Planung des Einkaufs, (4) Fortbewegung zum Einkaufen und (5) Kauf von Gebrauchsgütern. Die Analyse der Praktiken mit Fokus auf die drei praxistheoretischen Elemente (Kompetenz, Sinn, Materialität) zeigte folgende Ergebnisse: Verhaltensänderungen treten in allen fünf Praktiken auf, wobei sich die größten Veränderungen in den zwei Praktiken (1) Kauf von Verbrauchsgütern und (2) Verwendung von Lebensmitteln zeigen. Die Logbuchschreiber*innen verwenden in der ersten Phase der Pandemie mehr Zeit für die Einkaufsplanung und bereiten deutlich häufiger als früher Mahlzeiten selbst Zuhause zu. Die Häufigkeit der Einkaufsgänge hat abgenommen, während die Menge der pro Einkauf gekauften Verbrauchsgüter zugenommen hat. Das Bedürfnis Gebrauchsgüter zu konsumieren ist entweder zurückgegangen oder es wurde auf Onlineangebote zurückgegriffen. Viele der Verhaltensänderungen lassen sich nachhaltigen Konsummerkmalen zuordnen.
description: Diskussionspapier-Reihe Nachhaltigkeitstransformation & Nachhaltigkeitstransfer; 12
APPLICATION OF RECURSIVE PARTITIONING TO AGRICULTURAL CREDIT SCORING
Creators: name: Novak, Michael P.
name: LaDue, Eddy L.
name: Novak, Michael P.
name: LaDue, Eddy L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: finance
subject: credit scoring
subject: misclassification
subject: recursive partitioning algorithm

description: Recursive Partitioning Algorithm (RPA) is introduced as a technique for credit scoring analysis, which allows direct incorporation of misclassification costs. This study corroborates nonagricultural credit studies, which indicate that RPA outperforms logistic regression based on within-sample observations. However, validation based on more appropriate out-of-sample observations indicates that logistic regression is superior under some conditions. Incorporation of misclassification costs can influence the creditworthiness decision.
Ring formation and dust dynamics in wind-driven protoplanetary discs: global simulations
Creators: name: Riols, A.
name: Lesur, G.
name: Menard, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale vertical magnetic fields are believed to play a key role in the evolution of protoplanetary discs. Associated with non-ideal effects, such as ambipolar diffusion, they are known to launch a wind that could drive accretion in the outer part of the disc ($R> 1$ AU). They also potentially lead to self-organisation of the disc into large-scale axisymmetric structures, similar to the rings recently imaged by sub-millimetre or near-infrared instruments (ALMA and SPHERE). The aim of this paper is to investigate the mechanism behind the formation of these gaseous rings, but also to understand the dust dynamics and its emission in discs threaded by a large-scale magnetic field. To this end, we performed global magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) axisymmetric simulations with ambipolar diffusion using a modified version of the PLUTO code. We explored different magnetisations with the midplane $β$ parameter ranging from $10^5$ to $10^3$ and included dust grains -- treated in the fluid approximation -- ranging from $100 μ$m to 1 cm in size. We first show that the gaseous rings (associated with zonal flows) are tightly linked to the existence of MHD winds. Secondly, we find that millimetre-size dust is highly sedimented, with a typical scale height of 1 AU at $R=100$ AU for $β=10^4$, compatible with recent ALMA observations. We also show that these grains concentrate into pressure maxima associated with zonal flows, leading to the formation of dusty rings. Using the radiative transfer code MCFOST, we computed the dust emission and make predictions on the ring-gap contrast and the spectral index that one might observe with interferometers like ALMA.
description: 17 pages, accepted in A&A