cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bootstrapping Inflationary Correlators in Mellin Space
Creators: name: Sleight, Charlotte
name: Taronna, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a Mellin space approach to boundary correlation functions in anti-de Sitter (AdS) and de Sitter (dS) spaces. Using the Mellin-Barnes representation of correlators in Fourier space, we show that the analytic continuation between AdS$_{d+1}$ and dS$_{d+1}$ is encoded in a collection of simple relative phases. This allows us to determine the late-time tree-level three-point correlators of spinning fields in dS$_{d+1}$ from known results for Witten diagrams in AdS$_{d+1}$ by multiplication with a simple trigonometric factor. At four point level, we show that Conformal symmetry fixes exchange four-point functions both in AdS$_{d+1}$ and dS$_{d+1}$ in terms of the dual Conformal Partial Wave (which in Fourier space is a product of boundary three-point correlators) up to a factor which is determined by the boundary conditions. In this work we focus on late-time four-point correlators with external scalars and an exchanged field of integer spin-$\ell$. The Mellin-Barnes representation makes manifest the analytic structure of boundary correlation functions, providing an analytic expression for the exchange four-point function which is valid for general $d$ and generic scaling dimensions, in particular massive, light and (partially-)massless fields. When $d=3$ we reproduce existing explicit results available in the literature for external conformally coupled and massless scalars. From these results, assuming the weak breaking of the de Sitter isometries, we extract the corresponding correction to the inflationary three-point function of general external scalars induced by a general spin-$\ell$ field at leading order in slow roll. These results provide a step towards a more systematic understanding of de Sitter observables at tree level and beyond using Mellin space methods.
description: 83+19 pages, 8 figures
Identification of Factors Impeding the Spread of Jatropha Cultivation in the State of Chiapas, Mexico
Creators: name: Ando, Takayuki
name: Tsunekawa, Atsushi
name: Tsubo, Mitsuru
name: Kobayashi, Hajime
name: Ando, Takayuki
name: Tsunekawa, Atsushi
name: Tsubo, Mitsuru
name: Kobayashi, Hajime
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance
Farm Management

description: The state government of Chiapas in Mexico is promoting the cultivation of jatropha by farmers as a source of biofuel, with the first harvest expected in 2012. However, despite the fact that the planted jatropha has now reached the harvesting stage, no reports exist on the current status of jatropha cultivation in Chiapas or on issues related to cultivation. We accordingly conducted a study aimed at ascertaining the current status of jatropha cultivation and identifying factors impeding its spread. For the study, we conducted a questionnaire survey among 88 farmers of 7 villages located within 3 municipalities, and also interviewed them. Our study pointed to 2 key factors causing the abandonment of jatropha cultivation, namely the failure of farmers to receive ProArbol payments as financial assistance for cultivation, and damage caused to jatropha roots by gophers. Pest/disease outbreaks, lack of technical assistance, lack of trust for extension workers and distrust for the project were also obstacles to the spread of jatropha cultivation.
Additional file 5 of IDA (INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION)-like peptides and HAE (HAESA)-like receptors regulate corolla abscission in Nicotiana benthamiana flowers
Creators: name: Ventimilla, Daniel
name: Karelia Velázquez
name: Ruiz-Ruiz, Susana
name: Terol, Javier
name: Pérez-Amador, Miguel A.
name: Mª. Carmen Vives
name: Guerri, José
name: Talon, Manuel
name: Tadeo, Francisco R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5. Description of the flower morphology of Nicotiana benthamiana and the developmental stages of the life span of the flower corolla.
Anomalous relaxation and the high-temperature structure factor of XXZ spin chains
Creators: name: Gopalakrishnan, Sarang
name: Vasseur, Romain
name: Ware, Brayden
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the spin structure factor of XXZ spin chains in the Heisenberg and gapped (Ising) regimes in the high-temperature limit for nonzero magnetization, within the framework of generalized hydrodynamics including diffusive corrections. The structure factor shows a hierarchy of timescales in the gapped phase, owing to $s$-spin magnon bound states (`strings') of various sizes. Although short strings move ballistically, long strings move primarily diffusively as a result of their collisions with short strings. The interplay between these effects gives rise to anomalous power-law decay of the spin structure factor, with continuously varying exponents, at any fixed separation in the late-time limit. We elucidate the crossover to diffusion (in the gapped phase) and to superdiffusion (at the isotropic point) in the half-filling limit. We verify our results via extensive matrix product operator calculations.
description: 7pp, 2 figures, plus 4pp. supplemental material
Thermodynamic potential of the Periodic Anderson Model with the X-boson method: Chain Approximation
Creators: name: Franco, R.
name: Figueira, M. S.
name: Foglio, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Periodic Anderson Model (PAM) in the $U\to\infty$ limit has been studied in a previous work employing the cumulant expansion with the hybridization as perturbation (M. S. Figueira, M. E. Foglio and G. G. Martinez, Phys. Rev. B \textbf{50}, 17933 (1994)). When the total number of electrons $N_{t}$ is calculated as a function of the chemical potential $μ$ in the ``Chain Approximation'' (CHA), there are three values of the chemical potential $μ$ for each $N_{t}$ in a small interval of $N_{t}$ at low $T$ (M. S Figueira, M. E Foglio, Physica A 208 (1994)). We have recently introduced the ``X-boson'' method, inspired in the slave boson technique of Coleman, that solves the problem of non conservation of probability (completeness) in the CHA as well as removing the spurious phase transitions that appear with the slave boson method in the mean field approximation. In the present paper we show that the X-boson method solves also the problem of the multiple roots of $N_{t}(μ)$ that appear in the CHA.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures e-mails: rfranco@if.uff.br, figueira@if.uff.br, foglio@ifi.unicamp.br
A semiconductor-based neutron detection system for planetary exploration
Creators: name: Soto, Alejandro
name: Fronk, Ryan G.
name: Neal, Kerry
name: Ehresmann, Bent
name: Bellinger, Steven L.
name: Shoffner, Michael
name: McGregor, Douglas S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the use of microstructured semiconductor neutron detectors (MSNDs) to map the ratio between thermal neutrons and higher energy neutrons. The system consists of alternating layers of modular neutron detectors (MNDs), each comprising arrays of twenty-four MSNDs, and high-density polyethylene moderators (HDPE) with gadolinium shielding to filter between thermal neutrons and higher energy neutrons. We experimentally measured the performance of three different configurations and demonstrated that the sensor system prototypes detect and differentiate thermal and epithermal neutrons. We discuss future planetary exploration applications of this compact, semiconductor-based low-energy neutron detection system.
description: 21 pages, 19 figures
Saccharodite abnormis Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Saccharodite
Saccharodite abnormis

description: Saccharodite abnormis Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Fig. 321)
 Description. Forewings elongated, 2.3 times longer than wide, length in male about 2.7 mm. Colour stramineous; margins of facial carinae above eyes orange. Forewings glassy; a prominent dark mark around first subcostal sector; lightly infuscated bands from clavus tip to first subcostal sector and along apical crossveins; faint spots of infuscation around Ms2 base and M-Ms4 fork; veins stramineous. Hindwings colourless. In profile junction of vertex and face rounded; rostrum surpassing post trochanter; subantennal processes connected to margins of facial carinae. Forewings with Sc+R fork clearly before middle of wing, but distad of first subcostal sector; basal median cell about twice as wide as basal cell between Sc+R and M; a large trapezoid cell at base of Ms1; Cu1 touching base of Ms1 at a point regarded as Ms1 fork; Ms1b nearly completely merged with Cu1, only the tips being clearly separated, also slightly separated near middle of the veins (in right forewing of holotype, but not in left wing). Male genitalia with pygofer narrow. Genital styles rounded, proximal dorsal process short; distal dorsal process elongated. Aedeagus stem widening near junction with apical portion; apical part elongated ending in two short rounded lobes; on the right side, near apex several tiny spines or sensory organs.
 Etymology. The species name is a Latin adjective (abnormis, -is, -e = abnormal).
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 2.7 mm), NORTH BORNEO: BRUNEI: labels: 1) Brunei, Labi / Bukit Teraja / 30km S.E. of Seria / 21–28.iii.1979 2) Primary mixed/dipterocarp/forest, alt. 60m. 3) light trap 2/ 50m. above ground/ L. Sutton /B.M. 1985-50 (BMNH).
 Distribution. North Borneo.
 Diagnosis. Saccharodite abnormis is characterized by the forewings having the veins Cu1 and Ms1b nearly completely merged, except for their apices.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on pages 163-164
title: Evaluation of the MJO-ENSO Relationship Using UFS Reforecasts and the Impact of Skin Layer Variability on This Relationship
Creators: name: Doyle, Loren
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Madden-Julian Oscillation
subject: diurnal mixed layer
subject: El Nino-Southern Oscillation
subject: Reforecast
subject: MJO-ENSO relationship

description: This study investigates the performance of the Unified Forecast System (UFS) global coupled model to forecast the relationship between the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) through the calculation of the MaKE and MaKI indices, developed in the ocean-atmosphere energetic framework. The MaKE index describes the covariability of MJO, Kelvin wave activity, and ENSO. The MaKI index characterizes the influence of MJO and Kelvin wave activity on ENSO through the wind power. The indices are calculated as a multivariate EOF analysis of the MJO components of meridional and zonal wind stress and the Kelvin components of meridional and zonal ocean surface currents combined as the MJO wind power, and sea surface temperature daily anomalies. UFS reforecasts of two prototypes for April 2011 - March 2018 are used. Each reforecast has 35-day forecast leads, which poses challenges for isolating the intraseasonal component of the wind stress. To address this limitation, a novel filtering approach using a convolutional neural network (CNN) artificial intelligence model was applied to capture the intraseasonal variability of the wind stress anomalies. Prototypes 6 and 8 are selected due to the exclusion/inclusion of the near - surface sea temperature model (NSSTM). The results show that the UFS prototypes predict the MJO-ENSO interaction for the 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 El Niño events as seen in the verification data. The deterministic forecast skill of the model predictions of MJO, ENSO, and the MJO-ENSO relationship compared to the observations are analyzed using pattern correlation and RMSE. The addition of NSSTM results in improved MaKE indices, but worsened MaKI indices for both El Niño events.
Content and Retention of Provitamin A Carotenoids Following Ripening and Local Processing of Four Popular Musa Cultivars from Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Creators: name: Ekesa, Beatrice Nakhauka
name: Kimiywe, Judith
name: Bergh, Inge Van Den
name: Blomme, Guy
name: Dhuique-Mayer, Claudie
name: Davey, Mark
name: Ekesa, Beatrice Nakhauka
name: Kimiywe, Judith
name: Bergh, Inge Van Den
name: Blomme, Guy
name: Dhuique-Mayer, Claudie
name: Davey, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Changes in the concentrations and retention levels of total and individual provitamin A carotenoids (pVACs) during ripening and local processing of the four most popular Musa cultivars of Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo were established through HPLC analysis. The predominant pVACs were all trans ?- and ?-carotene, together constituting about 90% of total pVACs content in raw and processed Musa fruit pulp. The proportion of ?- and ?-carotene was not significantly different in the tested East African Highland Bananas (AAA-EAHB) (‘Nshikazi’ and ‘Vulambya’); in the plantains (‘Musilongo’ and ‘Musheba’), proportion of ?-carotene was almost twice that of ?-carotene. An increase in total pVACs was observed during ripening, with highest levels at ripening stage 3 in all four cultivars. Total pVACs values were as high as 1081µg/100gfw in ‘Vulambya’ and 1819µg/100gfw in ‘Musilongo’. Boiling of the AAA-EAHB and AAB-Plantains resulted to retention of between 40-90% and >95% respectively. Plantains deep-fried in fully-refined palm oil and crude red palm oil for 2 minutes did not seem to lose any pVACs, the levels of total pVACs observed after frying were 100% of what was observed when the fruit was raw. Retinol Activity Equivalents (RAE), in boiled products varied between 22.3 and 173 RAEµg/100gfw, whereas deep fried products had >190 RAEµg/100g edible portion. These results show that the tested AAA-EAHBs and the plantains could meet at least 14% and 30 % of Vitamin A recommended dietary intakes respectively. The findings can therefore guide consumer consumption patterns to maximize vitamin A intake for improved health in these regions and also direct researchers in the selection of Musa cultivars to be incorporated within existing farming systems in the fight against vitamin A deficiency (VAD).
Challenging the call: Should sports governing bodies be subject to judicial review?
Creators: name: Cisneros, Ben
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
Judicial review
Sports governing bodies
Supervisory jurisdiction
Public law
Sports litigation

description: Abstract: English law is settled in its view that Sports Governing Bodies (“SGBs”) are not amenable to judicial review, following the Court of Appeal decision in R v Disciplinary Committee of the Jockey Club, ex p Aga Khan. However, this article argues that, 27 years on from the leading decision, the issue merits reconsideration owing to flaws in judicial reasoning and, in particular, the subsequent growth of the government’s involvement in sport. Moreover, the availability of judicial review in other jurisdictions and against other self-regulatory organisations suggests that the position of SGBs in English law is anomalous. Since Aga Khan, the courts have developed a private law “supervisory jurisdiction” which somewhat accounts for the absence of judicial review but, building on the work of Michael Beloff QC (among others), this article considers the substantive and procedural limitations of private law in challenging SGBs, finding that judicial review may be a preferable forum for sporting litigants. The paper also provides the opportunity to reflect upon the nature of the public–private divide in English law today.
Analysis on the Willingness of Peasant Households for Forestland Use Right Transfer in the Background of Collective Forest Tenure Reform: A Case Study in Guangyuan City in Sichuan Province
Creators: name: Tang, Minfeng
name: Wang, Fang
name: Tang, Minfeng
name: Wang, Fang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management

description: The objective of this study is to get a better understanding and accurate information regarding factors affecting the forestland transfer, providing first-hand information, and proposing policy implications. The forestland use transfer is the main content in the collective forest tenure reform in China at present. Individual household, as a basic unit of forest production, should be the major participant in the forestland transfer. Using survey data of 329 rural household in 18 villages of three counties, this paper analyzes influencing factors on rural householders’ willingness to partake in forestland use right transfer by employing Binary Logit Regression. Nineteen variables, which were identified as characteristics of householders and households, natural endowment of forestland resources and householders’s awareness of forestland policy. Results indicate that householders’ awareness of pertinent policies and population of the household demonstrate significantly positive effects, while forestland area owned by individual household shows a markedly negative effect on peasants’ willingness to participate in forestland transfer. Some policy implications are discussed in this paper.
QHI, 3-manifolds scissors congruence classes and the volume conjecture
Creators: name: Baseilhac, Stephane
name: Benedetti, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27, 57Q15, 57R20, 20G42

description: This is a survey of our work on Quantum Hyperbolic Invariants (QHI) of 3-manifolds. We explain how the theory of scissors congruence classes is a powerful geometric framework for QHI and for a `Volume Conjecture' to make sense.
description: Published by Geometry and Topology Monographs at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTMon4/paper2.abs.html
Additional file 6 of IDA (INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION)-like peptides and HAE (HAESA)-like receptors regulate corolla abscission in Nicotiana benthamiana flowers
Creators: name: Ventimilla, Daniel
name: Karelia Velázquez
name: Ruiz-Ruiz, Susana
name: Terol, Javier
name: Pérez-Amador, Miguel A.
name: Mª. Carmen Vives
name: Guerri, José
name: Talon, Manuel
name: Tadeo, Francisco R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 6. Primers used in this work.
Continuum model for relaxed twisted bilayer graphenes and moiré electron-phonon interaction
Creators: name: Koshino, Mikito
name: Nam, Nguyen N. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an analytic continuum model to describe the electronic structure and the electron-phonon interaction in twisted bilayer graphenes with arbitrary lattice deformation. Starting from the tight-binding model, we derive the interlayer Hamiltonian in the presence of general lattice displacement, and obtain a long-wavelength continuum expression for smooth deformation. We show that the continuum model correctly describes the band structures of the lattice-relaxed twisted bilayer graphenes. We apply the formula to the phonon vibration, and derive an explicit expression of the electron-phonon matrix elements between the moiré band states and the moiré phonon modes. By numerical calculation, we find that the electron-phonon coupling and phonon mediated electron-electron interaction are significantly enhanced in low twist angles due to the superlattice hybridization.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
EDF Budgetisation and Development Aid in Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Zamecnikova, Marie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 160505 Economic Development Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 210310 Middle Eastern and African History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 160607 International Relations

description: The aid effectiveness is comprehensive topic that carries essential names of authors in contemporary history, such as William Esterly, Jeffrey Sachs, and Dambisa Moyo. This research offers unique perspective on development aid literature, and its aim is coined in the mutual cooperation between the European Union and Sub-Saharan Africa. The outstanding example is provided through one of EU’s financial instruments, the European Development Programme that heated European budget battle in the last few years. This paper critically evaluates arguments of EDF budgetisation and argues that the integration into the budget will result in the primacy to the EU’s neighbours, undermining EDF’s added value, and weakening the financial commitment towards pro-poor policies in African countries.
Indoor Localization for IoT Using Adaptive Feature Selection: A Cascaded Machine Learning Approach
Creators: name: AlHajri, Mohamed I.
name: Ali, Nazar T.
name: Shubair, Raed M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Evolving Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications often require the use of sensor-based indoor tracking and positioning, for which the performance is significantly improved by identifying the type of the surrounding indoor environment. This identification is of high importance since it leads to higher localization accuracy. This paper presents a novel method based on a cascaded two-stage machine learning approach for highly-accurate and robust localization in indoor environments using adaptive selection and combination of RF features. In the proposed method, machine learning is first used to identify the type of the surrounding indoor environment. Then, in the second stage, machine learning is employed to identify the most appropriate selection and combination of RF features that yield the highest localization accuracy. Analysis is based on k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) machine learning algorithm applied on a real dataset generated from practical measurements of the RF signal in realistic indoor environments. Received Signal Strength, Channel Transfer Function, and Frequency Coherence Function are the primary RF features being explored and combined. Numerical investigations demonstrate that prediction based on the concatenation of primary RF features enhanced significantly as the localization accuracy improved by at least 50% to more than 70%.
description: 13 pages
A test of Local Realism with entangled kaon pairs and without inequalities
Creators: name: Bramon, A.
name: Garbarino, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the use of entangled pairs of neutral kaons, considered as a promising tool to close the well known loopholes affecting generic Bell's inequality tests, in a specific Hardy-type experiment. Hardy's contradiction without inequalities between Local Realism and Quantum Mechanics can be translated into a feasible experiment by requiring ideal detection efficiencies for only one of the observables to be alternatively measured. Neutral kaons are near to fulfil this requirement and therefore to close the efficiency loophole.
description: 4 RevTeX pages
Additional file 1 of Current wishes to die; characteristics of middle-aged and older Dutch adults who are ready to give up on life: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Roosmarijne M. K. Kox
name: H. Roeline W. Pasman
name: Huisman, Martijn
name: Benneker, Wim
name: Onwuteaka-Philipsen, Bregje D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. Title and description of data: Recoding of the four questions into the dependent variable. Additional file 2. Title and description of data: Independent variables and corresponding recodes. Additional file 3. Title and description of data: Example of a fictitious case description of a respondent with a current wish to die.
The SIFIPAC/WSES/SICG/SIMEU guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis in the elderly (2019 edition)
Creators: name: Fugazzola, Paola
name: Ceresoli, Marco
name: Agnoletti, Vanni
name: Agresta, Ferdinando
name: Amato, Bruno
name: Carcoforo, Paolo
name: Catena, Fausto
name: Chiara, Osvaldo
name: Chiarugi, Massimo
name: Cobianchi, Lorenzo
name: Coccolini, Federico
name: De Troia, Alessandro
name: Di Saverio, Salomone
name: Fabbri, Andrea
name: Feo, Carlo
name: Gabrielli, Francesco
name: Gurrado, Angela
name: Guttadauro, Angelo
name: Leone, Leonardo
name: Marrelli, Daniele
name: Petruzzelli, Luca
name: Portolani, Nazario
name: Prete, Francesco Paolo
name: Puzziello, Alessandro
name: Sartelli, Massimo
name: Soliani, Giorgio
name: Testini, Mario
name: Tolone, Salvatore
name: Tomasoni, Matteo
name: Tugnoli, Gregorio
name: Viale, Pierluigi
name: Zese, Monica
name: Ishay, Offir Ben
name: Kluger, Yoram
name: Kirkpatrick, Andrew
name: Ansaloni, Luca
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Review
Appendicitis
Elderly
Appendectomy
Surgery in elderly

description: Abstract: The epidemiology and the outcomes of acute appendicitis in elderly patients are very different from the younger population. Elderly patients with acute appendicitis showed higher mortality, higher perforation rate, lower diagnostic accuracy, longer delay from symptoms onset and admission, higher postoperative complication rate and higher risk of colonic and appendiceal cancer. The aim of the present work was to investigate age-related factors that could influence a different approach, compared to the 2016 WSES Jerusalem guidelines on general population, in terms of diagnosis and management of elderly patient with acute appendicitis. During the XXIX National Congress of the Italian Society of Surgical Pathophysiology (SIFIPAC) held in Cesena (Italy) in May 2019, in collaboration with the Italian Society of Geriatric Surgery (SICG), the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) and the Italian Society of Emergency Medicine (SIMEU), a panel of experts participated to a Consensus Conference where eight panelists presented a number of statements, which were developed for each of the four topics about diagnosis and management of acute appendicitis in elderly patients, formulated according to the GRADE system. The statements were then voted, eventually modified and finally approved by the participants to the Consensus Conference. The current paper is reporting the definitive guidelines statements on each of the following topics: diagnosis, non-operative management, operative management and antibiotic therapy.
Dimensional scaling of flame propagation in discrete particulate clouds
Creators: name: Lam, Fredric Y. K.
name: Mi, XiaoCheng
name: Higgins, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical dimension necessary for a flame to propagate in suspensions of fuel particles in oxidizer is studied analytically and numerically. Two types of models are considered: First, a continuum model, wherein the individual particulate sources are not resolved and the heat release is assumed spatially uniform, is solved via conventional finite difference techniques. Second, a discrete source model, wherein the heat diffusion from individual sources is modeled via superposition of the Green's function of each source, is employed to examine the influence of the random, discrete nature of the media. Heat transfer to cold, isothermal walls and to a layer of inert gas surrounding the reactive medium are considered as the loss mechanisms. Both cylindrical and rectangular (slab) geometries of the reactive medium are considered, and the flame speed is measured as a function of the diameter and thickness of the domains, respectively. In the continuum model with inert gas confinement, a universal scaling of critical diameter to critical thickness near 2:1 is found. In the discrete source model, as the time scale of heat release of the sources is made small compared to the interparticle diffusion time, the geometric scaling between cylinders and slabs exhibits values greater than 2:1. The ability of the flame in the discrete regime to propagate in thinner slabs than predicted by continuum scaling is attributed to the flame being able to exploit local fluctuations in concentration across the slab to sustain propagation. As the heat release time of the sources is increased, the discrete source model reverts back to results consistent with the continuum model. Implications of these results for experiments are discussed.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Saccharodite conducta Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Saccharodite
Saccharodite conducta

description: Saccharodite conducta Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Fig. 323)
 Description. Forewings 2.1 times longer than wide, length about 4.2 mm. Colour stramineous; mesonotum pale brown. Forewings powdered, colourless; veins light brown, interrupted by some colourless sections; claval veins all colourless; base of Sc+R with one dark spot. Hindwings colourless. In profile junction of vertex and face rounded; subantennal process well separated from margins of facial carinae; rostrum surpassing post-trochanter. Forewings with Sc+R fork slightly before middle of wing; basal median cell narrow, about as wide as basal cell between Sc+R and M; Ms1 unbranched or Ms1b completely fused with Cu1. Male genitalia with pygofer narrow. Genital styles elongated, slightly pointed at end; proximal dorsal process short and slender, distal dorsal process long. Apical part of aedeagus short with a dorsal impression and two small terminal lobes.
 Etymology. The species name is a Latin participle (conductus, -a, -um = brought together).
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 4.2 mm), PAPUA NEW GUINEA; labels: 1) New Guinea: NE/ W. Highlands: Korn / Farm, 1560 m / Oct. 19, 1959 2) J.L. Gressitt (BPBM).
 Distribution. New Guinea.
 Diagnosis. Saccharodite conducta is characterized by its large size, the forewings having Ms1 unbranched, the colourless body and wings, the brownish forewing veins, and the male aedeagus bearing two small terminal lobes.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on page 166
Nucleation versus Spinodal decomposition in a first order quark hadron phase transition
Creators: name: Shukla, P.
name: Mohanty, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the scenario of homogeneous nucleation for a first order quark-hadron phase transition in a rapidly expanding background of quark gluon plasma. Using an improved preexponential factor for homogeneous nucleation rate, we solve a set of coupled equations to study the hadronization and the hydrodynamical evolution of the matter. It is found that significant supercooling is possible before hadronization begins. This study also suggests that spinodal decomposition competes with nucleation and may provide an alternative mechanism for phase conversion particularly if the transition is strong enough and the medium is nonviscous. For weak enough transition, the phase conversion may still proceed via homogeneous nucleation.
description: LaTeX, 10 pages with 7 Postscript figures, more discussions and referencese added, typos corrected
A metal-poor ultra compact dwarf galaxy at a kiloparsec distance from the low-mass elliptical galaxy FCC47
Creators: name: Fahrion, Katja
name: Georgiev, Iskren
name: Hilker, Michael
name: Lyubenova, Mariya
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: Alfaro-Cuello, Mayte
name: Corsini, Enrico M.
name: Sarzi, Marc
name: McDermid, Richard M.
name: de Zeeuw, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric surveys of galaxy clusters have revealed a large number of ultra compact dwarfs (UCDs) around predominantly massive elliptical galaxies. Their origin is still debated as some UCDs are considered to be the remnant nuclei of stripped dwarf galaxies while others seem to mark the high-mass end of the star cluster population. We aim to characterise the properties of a UCD found at very close projected distance (1.1 kpc) from the centre of the low-mass (M~10^10 M_sun) early-type galaxy FCC47. This is a serendipitous discovery from MUSE adaptive optics science verification data. We explore the potential origin of this UCD as either a massive cluster or the remnant nucleus of a dissolved galaxy. We use archival Hubble Space Telescope data to study the photometric and structural properties of FCC47-UCD1. In the MUSE data, the UCD is unresolved, but we use its spectrum to determine the radial velocity and metallicity. FCC47-UCD1's surface brightness is best described by a single King profile with low concentration C = R_t/R_c ~ 10 and large effective radius (r_e = 24pc). Its integrated magnitude and a blue colour (G = -10.6 mag, g-z = 1.46 mag) combined with with a metallicity of [M/H] = -1.12+-0.10 dex and an age > 8 Gyr obtained from the full fitting of the MUSE spectrum suggests a stellar population mass of M_star = 4.87x10^6 M_sun. The low S/N of the MUSE spectrum prevents detailed stellar population analysis. Due to the limited spectral resolution of MUSE, we can only give an upper limit on the velocity dispersion (sig < 17km/s), and consequently on its dynamical mass (M_dyn < 1.3x10^7 M_sun). The origin of the UCD cannot be constrained with certainty. The low metallicity, old age and magnitude are consistent with a star cluster origin, whereas the extended size is consistent with an origin as the stripped nucleus of a dwarf galaxy with a initial stellar mass of a few 10^8 M_sun.
description: 18 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
Correlations of errors in measurements of CP violation at neutrino factories
Creators: name: Pinney, John
name: Yasuda, Osamu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using $Δχ^2$ which is defined by the difference of the number of events with the CP phase $δ$ and the hypothetical one with $δ=0$, we discuss correlations of errors of the CP phase and other oscillation parameters as well as the matter effect in measurements at neutrino factories. By varying the oscillation parameters and the normalization of the matter effect, we evaluated the data size required to reject a hypothesis with $δ=0$ at 3$σ$CL. The optimum muon energy and the baseline depends on the magnitude of $θ_{13}$, the background fraction, the uncertainty of the normalization of the matter effect, but in general lie in the ranges 20GeV $\lesssim E_μ\lesssim$ 50GeV, 1000km$\lesssim L\lesssim$3000km. If we assume that the uncertainty of the matter effect is as large as 20% then the optimum values may be modified to $E_μ\lesssim$ 10GeV, $L\lesssim$1000km due to the strong correlation of $δ$ and the matter effect. We show analytically that sensitivity to CP violation is lost for $E_μ\ll$ 10GeV or for $E_μ\gg$ 50GeV. We also discuss the possibility of measuring CP violation at the upgraded JHF experiment by taking all the error correlations into account, and show that it is possible to demonstrate $δ\ne0$ at 3$σ$CL for $θ_{13}\gtrsim 3^\circ$.
description: 35 pages, 12 sets of figures, uses epsfig
Spica and the annual cycle of PKS B1322-110 scintillations
Creators: name: Bignall, Hayley
name: Reynolds, Cormac
name: Stevens, Jamie
name: Bannister, Keith
name: Johnston, Simon
name: Tuntsov, Artem V.
name: Walker, Mark A.
name: Gulyaev, Sergei
name: Natusch, Tim
name: Weston, Stuart
name: Said, Noor Masdiana Md
name: Kratzer, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PKS B1322-110 is a radio quasar that is located only 8.5' in angular separation from the bright B star Spica. It exhibits intra-day variability in its flux density at GHz frequencies attributed to scintillations from plasma inhomogeneities. We have tracked the rate of scintillation of this source for over a year with the Australia Telescope Compact Array, recording a strong annual cycle that includes a near-standstill in August and another in December. The cycle is consistent with scattering by highly anisotropic plasma microstructure, and we fit our data to that model in order to determine the kinematic parameters of the plasma. Because of the low ecliptic latitude of PKS B1322-110, the orientation of the plasma microstructure is poorly constrained. Nonetheless at each possible orientation our data single out a narrow range of the corresponding velocity component, leading to a one-dimensional constraint in a two-dimensional parameter space. The constrained region is consistent with a published model in which the scattering material is associated with Spica and consists of filaments that are radially oriented around the star. This result has a 1% probability of arising by chance.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The Sustainable Knowledge Driven Approaches in the Advancement on Artificial Photosynthesis Research m
Creators: name: Odongooduor79@Gmail.Com Odongooduor79@Gmail.Com
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biotechnology

description: The introduction and scientific advancements in the artificial photosynthesis research aimed at achieving great potential by developing products that supplement our natural tree and forest plantations and in all scenarios for sustainable energy. The ever increasing incidences of carbon dioxide emissions by burning of fossil fuels remains the predominant driving force of global warming and related climate changes which have greater potential of catastrophic consequences, therefore its important that the current generation focus on the need to sustain nature, create a sustainable future or counter the incidences of ever increasing global warming in the globe, this also means that this generation have to change the production system both in the industrial production process and our living environment by adopting the technologies that supplement the role of natural tree plantations in the universe. This call for further research in many areas including advancing in the area of articial photosynthesis technology. The humanity has been and is always using solar energy artificially in many ways for instance the process of generation of electricity by the application of the photovoltaic solar panels, the process of installation of the solar collectors on building roofs for heating water, the process where solar energy is used artificially is the cultivation of plants and algae for the production of food and biofuels and many other aspects.The artificial photosynthetic technology ought not to be ignored by both developed and developing countries bearing in mind that we are living under one universe and the technology will offer greater solutions to adequately address the global warming menace. This publication is aimed at informing the general public on the essentials of sustainable approaches in the advancements on artificial photosynthesis research around the globe.
A theory for scotogenic dark matter stabilised by residual gauge symmetry
Creators: name: Leite, Julio
name: Popov, Oleg
name: Srivastava, Rahul
name: Valle, José W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter stability can result from a residual matter-parity symmetry, following naturally from the spontaneous breaking of the gauge symmetry. Here we explore this idea in the context of the $\mathrm{SU(3)_c \otimes SU(3)_L \otimes U(1)_X \otimes U(1)_{N}}$ electroweak extension of the standard model. The key feature of our new scotogenic dark matter theory is the use of a triplet scalar boson with anti-symmetric Yukawa couplings. This naturally implies that one of the light neutrinos is massless and, as a result, there is a lower bound for the $\rm 0νββ$ decay rate.
description: Published in PLB. 14 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
QSAR-derived affinity fingerprints (part 1): fingerprint construction and modeling performance for similarity searching, bioactivity classification and scaffold hopping
Creators: name: Škuta, C.
name: Cortés-Ciriano, I.
name: Dehaen, W.
name: Kříž, P.
name: Van Westen, G. J. P.
name: Tetko, I. V.
name: Bender, A.
name: Svozil, D.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Big Data in Chemistry
Affinity fingerprint
Biological fingerprint
QSAR
Similarity searching
Bioactivity modeling
Scaffold hopping

description: Funder: FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011264; Grant(s): 238701, 238701
description: Abstract: An affinity fingerprint is the vector consisting of compound’s affinity or potency against the reference panel of protein targets. Here, we present the QAFFP fingerprint, 440 elements long in silico QSAR-based affinity fingerprint, components of which are predicted by Random Forest regression models trained on bioactivity data from the ChEMBL database. Both real-valued (rv-QAFFP) and binary (b-QAFFP) versions of the QAFFP fingerprint were implemented and their performance in similarity searching, biological activity classification and scaffold hopping was assessed and compared to that of the 1024 bits long Morgan2 fingerprint (the RDKit implementation of the ECFP4 fingerprint). In both similarity searching and biological activity classification, the QAFFP fingerprint yields retrieval rates, measured by AUC (~ 0.65 and ~ 0.70 for similarity searching depending on data sets, and ~ 0.85 for classification) and EF5 (~ 4.67 and ~ 5.82 for similarity searching depending on data sets, and ~ 2.10 for classification), comparable to that of the Morgan2 fingerprint (similarity searching AUC of ~ 0.57 and ~ 0.66, and EF5 of ~ 4.09 and ~ 6.41, depending on data sets, classification AUC of ~ 0.87, and EF5 of ~ 2.16). However, the QAFFP fingerprint outperforms the Morgan2 fingerprint in scaffold hopping as it is able to retrieve 1146 out of existing 1749 scaffolds, while the Morgan2 fingerprint reveals only 864 scaffolds.
Synthetic Biology Industrial Revolution, Social And Ethical Concerns
Creators: name: Odongooduor79@Gmail.Com Odongooduor79@Gmail.Com
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biological Engineering

description: The field of synthetic biology poses greater potentials with growing number of applications that can transform various sectors of the economy geared towards green technology. The potentials and essentials that synthetic biology poses in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, chemical production and energy sectors propose for better solutions to some of the greatest environmental challenges of our time, such as climate change due to global warming, water scarcity, pollution's and many others thus can be considered as the modern day epitome of disruptive innovations since it creates a new market and value network that will eventually disrupts an existing market and value network, displacing established market-leading firms, products, and alliances in biotechnology. Disruptive innovation was a term of art coined by Clayton Christensen, describes a process by which a product or service begins at the bottom of a market trend and then exponentially moves up ladder disrupting or displacing already established competitors in that particular field. According to the disruptive innovation theory not all innovations are disruptive, even if they are revolutionary. This review paper focuses on the potentials of the synthetic biology and emerging ethical concerns associated with innovative potentials of the emerging field of synthetic biology and why research institutions should focus more on synthetic biology as consortium of the modern advances in inventions and innovations and by examining the emerging global trends and problems, and looking for solutions and applications, it is affirmative that synthetic biology is a game-changing technology for the future since there are many exciting applications that directly address global needs in a fundamental way
Saccharodite crispa Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Saccharodite
Saccharodite crispa

description: Saccharodite crispa Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Fig. 324)
 Description. Forewings 2.0 times longer than wide, length in male 3.3–3.8 mm (mean = 3.6, n = 6), in female about 3.7 mm. Colour stramineous with the following parts bright orange: a stripe above eyes, margins of facial carinae in front of eyes, frons, scutellum, some marks on thoracic pleura and sternites, abdominal tergites, and abdominal pleura; mesonotum light brown; legs with orange-red marks (holotype) or stramineous to faintly yellow. Forewings glassy; very faintly infuscated from clavus tip to base of Ms1, veins in this area bright orange; remaining veins stramineous, except for the brownish anterior apical crossveins; three spots on base of Sc+R; junction of Sc+R and first subcostal sector reddish brown. Hindwing veins with red sections at their bases. In profile junction of vertex and face slightly angulated; subantennal processes connected to margins of facial carinae by a low ridge. Forewings with Sc+R fork slightly before middle of wing; basal median cell broad, more than twice as wide as basal cell between Sc+R and M; a triangle at base of Ms1. Male genitalia with pygofer narrow. Genital styles oval; proximal dorsal process short and slender, its base slightly swollen; distal dorsal process long. Apical portion of aedeagus long and strongly curved, with a longitudinal, dorsal groove.
 Etymology. The species name is a Latin adjective (crispus, -a, -um = curly).
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 3.8 mm), NEW CALEDONIA; labels 1) NEW CALEDONIA:/ Ponebo, 20–100m / 4.II.1964 2) R. Straatman/ Light Trap / BISHOP (BPBM). Paratypes. NEW CALEDONIA: same data as holotype, 15,17. I.1964, 3.II.1964, 6 ♂ (fw. 3.3, 3.5, 3x 3.7) 1 ♀ (fw. 3.7); Paita-Mou, 300m, 8. III.1972, 1 ♀, Gressitt (all BPBM).
 Distribution. New Caledonia.
 Diagnosis. Saccharodite crispa resembles Sa. doddi sp. nov. from Australia and Sa. joycei sp. nov. from Fiji. However, it has stronger orange coloration and a strongly curved apical portion of the male aedeagus.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on pages 166-167