Production of Protons and Light Nuclei in Au+Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 3 GeV with the STAR Detector
Creators: name: STAR Collaboration
name: Abdulhamid, M. I.
name: Aboona, B. E.
name: Adam, J.
name: Adamczyk, L.
name: Adams, J. R.
name: Aggarwal, I.
name: Aggarwal, M. M.
name: Ahammed, Z.
name: Aschenauer, E. C.
name: Aslam, S.
name: Atchison, J.
name: Bairathi, V.
name: Cap, J. G. Ball
name: Barish, K.
name: Bellwied, R.
name: Bhagat, P.
name: Bhasin, A.
name: Bhatta, S.
name: Bhosale, S. R.
name: Bielcik, J.
name: Bielcikova, J.
name: Brandenburg, J. D.
name: Broodo, C.
name: Cai, X. Z.
name: Caines, H.
name: Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca
name: Cebra, D.
name: Ceska, J.
name: Chakaberia, I.
name: Chaloupka, P.
name: Chan, B. K.
name: Chang, Z.
name: Chatterjee, A.
name: Chen, D.
name: Chen, J.
name: Chen, J. H.
name: Chen, Q.
name: Chen, Z.
name: Cheng, J.
name: Cheng, Y.
name: Christie, W.
name: Chu, X.
name: Crawford, H. J.
name: Csanád, M.
name: Dale-Gau, G.
name: Das, A.
name: Deppner, I. M.
name: Deshpande, A.
name: Dhamija, A.
name: Dixit, P.
name: Dong, X.
name: Drachenberg, J. L.
name: Duckworth, E.
name: Dunlop, J. C.
name: Engelage, J.
name: Eppley, G.
name: Esumi, S.
name: Evdokimov, O.
name: Eyser, O.
name: Fatemi, R.
name: Fazio, S.
name: Feng, C. J.
name: Feng, Y.
name: Finch, E.
name: Fisyak, Y.
name: Flor, F. A.
name: Fu, C.
name: Gagliardi, C. A.
name: Galatyuk, T.
name: Gao, T.
name: Geurts, F.
name: Ghimire, N.
name: Gibson, A.
name: Gopal, K.
name: Gou, X.
name: Grosnick, D.
name: Gupta, A.
name: Guryn, W.
name: Hamed, A.
name: Han, Y.
name: Harabasz, S.
name: Harasty, M. D.
name: Harris, J. W.
name: Harrison-Smith, H.
name: He, W.
name: He, X. H.
name: He, Y.
name: Herrmann, N.
name: Holub, L.
name: Hu, C.
name: Hu, Q.
name: Hu, Y.
name: Huang, H.
name: Huang, H. Z.
name: Huang, S. L.
name: Huang, T.
name: Huang, Y.
name: Huang, Y.
name: Humanic, T. J.
name: Isshiki, M.
name: Jacobs, W. W.
name: Jalotra, A.
name: Jena, C.
name: Jentsch, A.
name: Ji, Y.
name: Jia, J.
name: Jin, C.
name: Ju, X.
name: Judd, E. G.
name: Kabana, S.
name: Kalinkin, D.
name: Kang, K.
name: Kapukchyan, D.
name: Kauder, K.
name: Keane, D.
name: Khanal, A.
name: Khyzhniak, Y. V.
name: Kikoła, D. P.
name: Kincses, D.
name: Kisel, I.
name: Kiselev, A.
name: Knospe, A. G.
name: Ko, H. S.
name: Kołaś, J.
name: Kosarzewski, L. K.
name: Kumar, L.
name: Labonte, M. C.
name: Lacey, R.
name: Landgraf, J. M.
name: Lauret, J.
name: Lebedev, A.
name: Lee, J. H.
name: Leung, Y. H.
name: Li, C.
name: Li, D.
name: Li, H-S.
name: Li, H.
name: Li, H.
name: Li, W.
name: Li, X.
name: Li, Y.
name: Li, Y.
name: Li, Z.
name: Liang, X.
name: Liang, Y.
name: Licenik, R.
name: Lin, T.
name: Lin, Y.
name: Lisa, M. A.
name: Liu, C.
name: Liu, G.
name: Liu, H.
name: Liu, L.
name: Liu, T.
name: Liu, X.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Liu, Z.
name: Ljubicic, T.
name: Lomicky, O.
name: Longacre, R. S.
name: Loyd, E. M.
name: Lu, T.
name: Luo, J.
name: Luo, X. F.
name: Ma, L.
name: Ma, R.
name: Ma, Y. G.
name: Magdy, N.
name: Mallick, D.
name: Manikandhan, R.
name: Markert, C.
name: Matonoha, O.
name: McNamara, G.
name: Mezhanska, O.
name: Mi, K.
name: Mioduszewski, S.
name: Mohanty, B.
name: Mondal, B.
name: Mondal, M. M.
name: Mooney, I.
name: Mrazkova, J.
name: Nagy, M. I.
name: Naim, C. J.
name: Nain, A. S.
name: Nam, J. D.
name: Nasim, M.
name: Neff, D.
name: Nelson, J. M.
name: Nie, M.
name: Nigmatkulov, G.
name: Niida, T.
name: Nonaka, T.
name: Odyniec, G.
name: Ogawa, A.
name: Oh, S.
name: Okubo, K.
name: Page, B. S.
name: Pal, S.
name: Pandav, A.
name: Panday, A.
name: Pandey, A. K.
name: Pani, T.
name: Paul, A.
name: Pawlik, B.
name: Pawlowska, D.
name: Perkins, C.
name: Pluta, J.
name: Pokhrel, B. R.
name: Posik, M.
name: Protzman, T. L.
name: Prozorova, V.
name: Pruthi, N. K.
name: Przybycien, M.
name: Putschke, J.
name: Qin, Z.
name: Qiu, H.
name: Racz, C.
name: Radhakrishnan, S. K.
name: Rana, A.
name: Ray, R. L.
name: Reed, R.
name: Robertson, C. W.
name: Robotkova, M.
name: Aguilar, M. A. Rosales
name: Roy, D.
name: Chowdhury, P. Roy
name: Ruan, L.
name: Sahoo, A. K.
name: Sahoo, N. R.
name: Sako, H.
name: Salur, S.
name: Sato, S.
name: Schaefer, B. C.
name: Schmidke, W. B.
name: Schmitz, N.
name: Seck, F-J.
name: Seger, J.
name: Seto, R.
name: Seyboth, P.
name: Shah, N.
name: Shanmuganathan, P. V.
name: Shao, T.
name: Sharma, M.
name: Sharma, N.
name: Sharma, R.
name: Sharma, S. R.
name: Sheikh, A. I.
name: Shen, D.
name: Shen, D. Y.
name: Shen, K.
name: Shi, S. S.
name: Shi, Y.
name: Shou, Q. Y.
name: Si, F.
name: Singh, J.
name: Singha, S.
name: Sinha, P.
name: Skoby, M. J.
name: Smirnov, N.
name: Söhngen, Y.
name: Song, Y.
name: Srivastava, B.
name: Stanislaus, T. D. S.
name: Stefaniak, M.
name: Stewart, D. J.
name: Su, Y.
name: Sumbera, M.
name: Sun, C.
name: Sun, X.
name: Sun, Y.
name: Sun, Y.
name: Surrow, B.
name: Svoboda, M.
name: Sweger, Z. W.
name: Tamis, A. C.
name: Tang, A. H.
name: Tang, Z.
name: Tarnowsky, T.
name: Thomas, J. H.
name: Timmins, A. R.
name: Tlusty, D.
name: Todoroki, T.
name: Trentalange, S.
name: Tribedy, P.
name: Tripathy, S. K.
name: Truhlar, T.
name: Trzeciak, B. A.
name: Tsai, O. D.
name: Tsang, C. Y.
name: Tu, Z.
name: Tyler, J.
name: Ullrich, T.
name: Underwood, D. G.
name: Upsal, I.
name: Van Buren, G.
name: Vanek, J.
name: Vassiliev, I.
name: Verkest, V.
name: Videbæk, F.
name: Voloshin, S. A.
name: Wang, G.
name: Wang, J. S.
name: Wang, J.
name: Wang, K.
name: Wang, X.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Wang, Z.
name: Webb, J. C.
name: Weidenkaff, P. C.
name: Westfall, G. D.
name: Wielanek, D.
name: Wieman, H.
name: Wilks, G.
name: Wissink, S. W.
name: Witt, R.
name: Wu, J.
name: Wu, J.
name: Wu, X.
name: Wu, X.
name: Xi, B.
name: Xiao, Z. G.
name: Xie, G.
name: Xie, W.
name: Xu, H.
name: Xu, N.
name: Xu, Q. H.
name: Xu, Y.
name: Xu, Y.
name: Xu, Z.
name: Xu, Z.
name: Yan, G.
name: Yan, Z.
name: Yang, C.
name: Yang, Q.
name: Yang, S.
name: Yang, Y.
name: Ye, Z.
name: Ye, Z.
name: Yi, L.
name: Yu, N.
name: Yu, Y.
name: Zbroszczyk, H.
name: Zha, W.
name: Zhang, C.
name: Zhang, D.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Zhang, Z. J.
name: Zhang, Z.
name: Zhang, Z.
name: Zhao, F.
name: Zhao, J.
name: Zhao, M.
name: Zhou, S.
name: Zhou, Y.
name: Zhu, X.
name: Zurek, M.
name: Zyzak, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the systematic measurement of protons and light nuclei production in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 3 GeV by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) spectra of protons ($p$), deuterons ($d$), tritons ($t$), $^{3}\mathrm{He}$, and $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ are measured from mid-rapidity to target rapidity for different collision centralities. We present the rapidity and centrality dependence of particle yields ($dN/dy$), average transverse momentum ($\langle p_{T}\rangle$), yield ratios ($d/p$, $t/p$,$^{3}\mathrm{He}/p$, $^{4}\mathrm{He}/p$), as well as the coalescence parameters ($B_2$, $B_3$). The 4$π$ yields for various particles are determined by utilizing the measured rapidity distributions, $dN/dy$. Furthermore, we present the energy, centrality, and rapidity dependence of the compound yield ratios ($N_{p} \times N_{t} / N_{d}^{2}$) and compare them with various model calculations. The physics implications of those results on the production mechanism of light nuclei and on QCD phase structure are discussed.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures