cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Basal Insulin Peglispro and Insulin Glargine in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Previously Treated With Basal Insulin: IMAGINE 5
Creators: name: Hartman, Mark L.
name: Chang, Annette M.
name: Carey, Michelle A.
name: Rodbard, Helena W.
name: Buse, John B.
name: Serrano, Carlos Trescoli
name: Ivanyi, Tibor
name: Bue-Valleskey, Juliana
name: Luo, Junxiang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of basal insulin peglispro (BIL) versus insulin glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] ≤9% [75 mmol/mol]) treated with basal insulin alone or with three or fewer oral antihyperglycemic medications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This 52-week, open-label, treat-to-target study randomized patients (mean HbA1c 7.42% [57.6 mmol/mol]) to BIL ( n = 307) or glargine ( n = 159). The primary end point was change from baseline HbA1c to 26 weeks (0.4% [4.4 mmol/mol] noninferiority margin). RESULTS At 26 weeks, reduction in HbA1c was superior with BIL versus glargine (−0.82% [−8.9 mmol/mol] vs. −0.29% [−3.2 mmol/mol]; least squares mean difference −0.52%, 95% CI −0.67 to −0.38 [−5.7 mmol/mol, 95% CI −7.3 to −4.2; P < 0.001); greater reduction in HbA1c with BIL was maintained at 52 weeks. More BIL patients achieved HbA1c <7% (53 mmol/mol) at weeks 26 and 52 ( P < 0.001). With BIL versus glargine, nocturnal hypoglycemia rate was 60% lower, more patients achieved HbA1c <7% (53 mmol/mol) without nocturnal hypoglycemia at 26 and 52 weeks ( P < 0.001), and total hypoglycemia rates were lower at 52 weeks ( P = 0.03). At weeks 26 and 52, glucose variability was lower ( P < 0.01), basal insulin dose was higher ( P < 0.001), and triglycerides and aminotransferases were higher with BIL versus glargine ( P < 0.05). Liver fat content (LFC), assessed in a subset of patients ( n = 162), increased from baseline with BIL versus glargine ( P < 0.001), with stable levels between 26 and 52 weeks. CONCLUSIONS BIL provided superior glycemic control versus glargine, with reduced nocturnal and total hypoglycemia, lower glucose variability, and increased triglycerides, aminotransferases, and LFC.
title: Hippocampal volumetry as a biomarker for dementia due to probable Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment in people with low education.
Creators: name: Mondragon, Jaime
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Screening
subject: Dementia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Aims: To evaluate the relationship between hippocampal atrophy and cognitive decline and determine reasonable volumetric cutoff points between dementia due to probable Alzheimer´s disease (AD), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and normal...
Questionable Research Practices, Preregistration, and more - Exploring self-report opinions of Swedish and Dutch PhD candidates.
Creators: name: Arlinghaus, Nils
name: Kekecs, Zoltan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dutch
subject: early-career researchers
subject: Netherlands
subject: PhD candidates
subject: preregistration
subject: psychology
subject: QRP
subject: QRPs
subject: questionable research practices
subject: replicability crisis
subject: replication crisis
subject: reproducibility
subject: Sweden
subject: Swedish

description: A master thesis project from Lund University (Sweden) about (self-report) opinions of early-career researchers on questionable research practices, the "replication crisis", and preregistration.
Smooth Structures on a Fake Real Projective Space
Creators: name: Kasilingam, Ramesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R55, 57R50

description: We show that the group of smooth homotopy $7$-spheres acts freely on the set of smooth manifold structures on a topological manifold $M$ which is homotopy equivalent to the real projective $7$-space. We classify, up to diffeomorphism, all closed manifolds homeomorphic to the real projective $7$-space. We also show that $M$ has, up to diffeomorphism, exactly $28$ distinct differentiable structures with the same underlying PL structure of $M$ and $56$ distinct differentiable structures with the same underlying topological structure of $M$.
Anselm Hertz/Wilhelm Korff/Trutz Rendtorff/Hermann Ringeling (Hg.), Handbuch der christilichen Ethik
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 37 Nr. 3 (1983): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 37, Heft 3
Core Services Architecture, Design Principles and Specifications
Creators: name: Sciacca, Eva
name: Kakaletris, Georgios
name: Papanikos, Georgios
name: Chondros, Nikos
name: Konstantopoulos, Michalis
name: Pisa, Claudio
name: Topa, Eugenio
name: Messineo, Rosario
name: Mulone, Angelo Fabio
name: Krokos, Mel
name: Vizzari, Giuseppe
name: Kertesz, Gabor
name: Kovacs, Jozsef
name: Farkas, Attila
name: Lovas, Robert
name: Papastefanatos, George
name: Peraki, Christina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Services
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: EOSC
subject: Service Oriented Architecture

description: The objective of deliverable D6.1 is to report on architecture, specifications and software development plan of the Core Services that will be developed in WP6. This document reports on the general design principles, the overall system architecture and fundamental resources. Then it presents the foreseen core services related to manage Open Science lifecycle (C1), EOSC integration (C2), Artificial Intelligence processing (C3) and, finally, Visualization (C4).
Risk Factors Associated With Severe Hypoglycemia in Older Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Creators: name: Peterson, Christina
name: Weinstock, Ruth S.
name: Garg, Satish K.
name: Perrin, Alysa J.S.
name: Rickels, Michael R.
name: Lock, John-Paul
name: Goland, Robin S.
name: Kruger, Davida
name: Peters, Anne L.
name: Liljenquist, David R.
name: Hirsch, Irl B.
name: Pratley, Richard E.
name: Ahmann, Andrew J.
name: Rodriguez, Henry
name: Miller, Kellee M.
name: Chaytor, Naomi S.
name: Bergenstal, Richard M.
name: Bhargava, Anuj
name: Beck, Roy W.
name: Olson, Beth A.
name: Aleppo, Grazia
name: Buse, John B.
name: Edelen, Rachel C.
name: Munshi, Medha N.
name: DuBose, Stephanie N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: OBJECTIVE Severe hypoglycemia is common in older adults with long-standing type 1 diabetes, but little is known about factors associated with its occurrence.
Role of Glycated Proteins in the Diagnosis and Management of Diabetes: Research Gaps and Future Directions
Creators: name: Welsh, Kerry J.
name: Sacks, David B.
name: Kirkman, M. Sue
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Blood oligosaccharides are attached to many proteins after translation, forming glycoproteins. Glycosylation refers to an enzyme-mediated modification that alters protein function, for example, their life span or their interactions with other proteins (1). By contrast, glycation refers to a monosaccharide (usually glucose) attaching nonenzymatically to the amino group of a protein. Glycated hemoglobin is formed by the condensation of glucose with select amino acid residues, commonly lysine, in hemoglobin to form an unstable Schiff base (aldimine, pre-HbA1c) (Fig. 1). The Schiff base may dissociate or may undergo an Amadori rearrangement to form a stable ketoamine. Figure 1 Formation of glycated protein. A reversible interaction between a primary amino group (depicted as NH2) of a protein and the carbonyl group of d-glucose yields a labile intermediate, called a Schiff base. This can undergo a slow and spontaneous Amadori rearrangement to form a stable ketoamine. HbA1c is formed if glucose attaches to the N-terminal valine of the β-chain of hemoglobin. If the glucose attaches to proteins in the plasma, fructosamine or glycated albumin results. RBC, red blood cell. Glycated hemoglobin, particularly HbA1c, has for decades been widely incorporated into the management (and, more recently, the diagnosis) of patients with diabetes. An important attribute is that glycation occurs continuously over the lifetime of the protein, so the concentration of the glycated protein reflects the average blood glucose value over a period of time. This contrasts with the measurement of blood glucose, which reveals the glucose concentration at the instant blood is sampled and which is acutely altered by multiple factors such as hormones, illness, food ingestion, and exercise (2). While HbA1c is by far the most extensively used—and studied—glycated protein (2–4), other glycated proteins that have been evaluated in clinical studies include fructosamine, glycated albumin, and …
Entanglement Renormalization and Two Dimensional String Theory
Creators: name: Molina-Vilaplana, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entanglement renormalization flow of a (1+1) free boson is formulated as a path integral over some auxiliary scalar fields. The resulting effective theory for these fields amounts to the dilaton term of non-critical string theory in two spacetime dimensions. A connection between the scalar fields in the two theories is provided, allowing to acquire novel insights into how a theory of gravity emerges from the entanglement structure of another one without gravity.
description: 20 pages. v3 minor corrections. Accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Update and Next Steps for Real-World Translation of Interventions for Type 2 Diabetes Prevention: Reflections From a Diabetes Care Editors’ Expert Forum
Creators: name: Buse, John B.
name: Alexander Fleming,
name: Ferrannini, Ele
name: Cefalu, William T.
name: Gerstein, Hertzel C.
name: Ramachandran, Ambady
name: Bennett, Peter H.
name: Kahn, Steven E.
name: Tuomilehto, Jaakko
name: Rosenstock, Julio
name: Raz, Itamar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The International Diabetes Federation estimates that 415 million adults worldwide now have diabetes and 318 million have impaired glucose tolerance. These numbers are expected to increase to 642 million and 482 million, respectively, by 2040. This burgeoning pandemic places an enormous burden on countries worldwide, particularly resource-poor regions. Numerous landmark trials evaluating both intensive lifestyle modification and pharmacological interventions have persuasively demonstrated that type 2 diabetes can be prevented or its onset can be delayed in high-risk individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. However, key challenges remain, including how to scale up such approaches for widespread translation and implementation, how to select appropriately from various interventions and tailor them for different populations and settings, and how to ensure that preventive interventions yield clinically meaningful, cost-effective outcomes. In June 2015, a Diabetes Care Editors’ Expert Forum convened to discuss these issues. This article, an outgrowth of the forum, begins with a summary of seminal prevention trials, followed by a discussion of considerations for selecting appropriate populations for intervention and the clinical implications of the various diagnostic criteria for prediabetes. The authors outline knowledge gaps in need of elucidation and explore a possible new avenue for securing regulatory approval of a prevention-related indication for metformin, as well as specific considerations for future pharmacological interventions to delay the onset of type 2 diabetes. They conclude with descriptions of some innovative, pragmatic translational initiatives already under way around the world.
Pancreatic Safety of Sitagliptin in the TECOS Study
Creators: name: Wainstein, Julio
name: Lokhnygina, Yuliya
name: Tankova, Tsvetalina
name: Green, Jennifer B.
name: Aschner, Pablo
name: Patel, Keyur
name: Josse, Robert
name: Engel, Samuel S.
name: Peterson, Eric D.
name: Buse, John B.
name: Grado, Carlos Raffo
name: Lachin, John M.
name: Bethel, M. Angelyn
name: Stevens, Susanna R.
name: Holman, Rury R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: OBJECTIVE We evaluated the incidence of acute pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease who were treated with sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In the Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes with Sitagliptin (TECOS) study, a cardiovascular safety study of sitagliptin, all suspected cases of acute pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer were collected prospectively for 14,671 participants during a median follow-up time of 3 years, and were adjudicated blindly.RESULTS Baseline differences were minimal between participants confirmed to have no pancreatic events, acute pancreatitis, or pancreatic cancer. Among those participants randomized to receive sitagliptin, 23 (0.3%) (vs. 12 randomized to receive placebo [0.2%]) had pancreatitis (hazard ratio 1.93 [95% CI 0.96–3.88], P = 0.065; 0.107 vs. 0.056/100 patient-years), with 25 versus 17 events, respectively. Severe pancreatitis (two fatal) occurred in four individuals allocated to receive sitagliptin. Cases of pancreatic cancer were numerically fewer with sitagliptin (9 [0.1%]) versus placebo (14 [0.2%]) (hazard ratio 0.66 [95% CI 0.28–1.51], P = 0.32; 0.042 vs. 0.066 events/100 patient-years). Meta-analysis with two other DPP-4i cardiovascular outcome studies showed an increased risk for acute pancreatitis (risk ratio 1.78 [95% CI 1.13–2.81], P = 0.01) and no significant effect for pancreatic cancer (risk ratio 0.54 [95% CI 0.28–1.04], P = 0.07).CONCLUSIONS Pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer were uncommon events with rates that were not statistically significantly different between the sitagliptin and placebo groups, although numerically more sitagliptin participants developed pancreatitis and fewer developed pancreatic cancer. Meta-analysis suggests a small absolute increased risk for pancreatitis with DPP-4i therapy.
The Association of Arsenic Exposure and Metabolism With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Youth: The SEARCH Case-Control Study
Creators: name: Thayer, Kristina A.
name: Liese, Angela D.
name: Grau-Pérez, Maria
name: Mendez, Michelle A.
name: Dabelea, Dana
name: Styblo, Miroslav
name: Hamman, Richard F.
name: Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.
name: Kuo, Chin-Chi
name: Bell, Ronny A.
name: Knowler, William C.
name: Zhang, Chongben
name: Navas-Acien, Ana
name: Spratlen, Miranda
name: Miller, Frederick W.
name: Douillet, Christelle
name: Drobná, Zuzana
name: Adgate, John L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Little is known about arsenic and diabetes in youth. We examined the association of arsenic with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Case-Control (SEARCH-CC) study. Because one-carbon metabolism can influence arsenic metabolism, we also evaluated the potential interaction of folate and vitamin B12 with arsenic metabolism on the odds of diabetes.
Notes on diffeomorphisms symmetry of $f(R)$ gravity in the cosmological context
Creators: name: Ghalee, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the metric perturbations in the context of restricted $f(R)$ gravity, in which a parameter for deviation from the full diffeomorphisms of space-time is introduced. We demonstrate that one can choose the parameter to remove the induced anisotropic stress, which is present in the usual $f(R)$ gravity. Moreover, to prevent instability for the vector and tensor metric perturbations, some constraints on the model are obtained.
description: 12 pages, references added. title changed
Cardiovascular Outcomes Trials in Type 2 Diabetes: Where Do We Go From Here? Reflections From a Diabetes Care Editors’ Expert Forum
Creators: name: Kaul, Sanjay
name: Cefalu, William T.
name: Zinman, Bernard
name: Gerstein, Hertzel C.
name: Inzucchi, Silvio E.
name: Rosenstock, Julio
name: Buse, John B.
name: Skyler, Jay S.
name: Leiter, Lawrence A.
name: Raz, Itamar
name: Green, Jennifer B.
name: Holman, Rury R.
name: Riddle, Matthew C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: In December 2008, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued guidance to the pharmaceutical industry setting new expectations for the development of antidiabetes drugs for type 2 diabetes. This guidance expanded the scope and cost of research necessary for approval of such drugs by mandating long-term cardiovascular outcomes trials (CVOTs) for safety. Since 2008, 9 CVOTs have been reported, 13 are under way, and 4 have been terminated. Reassuringly, each of the completed trials demonstrated the noninferiority of their respective drugs to placebo for their primary cardiovascular (CV) composite end point. Notably, four additionally provided evidence of CV benefit in the form of significant decreases in the primary CV composite end point, two suggested reductions in CV death, and three suggested reductions in all-cause mortality. Although these trials have yielded much valuable information, whether that information justifies the investment of time and resources is controversial. In June 2016, a Diabetes Care Editors' Expert Forum convened to review the processes and challenges of CVOTs, discuss the benefits and limitations of their current designs, and weigh the merits of modifications that might improve the efficiency and clinical value of future trials. Discussion and analysis continued with the CVOT trial results released in June 2017 at the American Diabetes Association's Scientific Sessions and in September 2017 at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes scientific meeting. This article summarizes the discussion and findings to date.
Services for crime in higher education & quality enhancement in an international platform
Creators: name: Hossain, Anowar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Crime in higher education, quality enhancement in higher education, international platform, peace of mankind

description: Cite: Md. Anowar Hossain; Services for crime in higher education & quality enhancement in an international platform, Professor Dr. Anowar Hossain’s Knowledge Industry, a first PhD entrepreneur all over the world on 22 August 2023, engr.anowar@yahoo.com Profile of Professor (Dr.) Engr. Md. Anowar Hossain http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.18182.34883/1 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2880-6287 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Engr-Md-Hossain www.linkedin.com/in/engr-md-anowar-hossain-PhD-RMIT Keywords Crime in higher education, quality enhancement in higher education, international platform, peace of mankind
Glycemic control, cognitive function, and family support among middle-aged and older Hispanics with diabetes: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Creators: name: Grober, Ellen
name: González, Hector M.
name: Teng, Yanping
name: Lipton, Richard B.
name: Strizich, Garrett
name: Daviglus, Martha L.
name: Giachello, Aida L.
name: Kaplan, Robert C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: To examine among Hispanics in the U.S., a population with increased reliance on informal healthcare support structures, 1) the association between cognitive function and control of diabetes; and 2) whether this association is modified by family support.
$\mathcal{PT}$-Symmetry-Breaking Chaos in Optomechanics
Creators: name: Lü, Xin-You
name: Jing, Hui
name: Ma, Jin-Yong
name: Wu, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry-breaking chaos in optomechanical system (OMS), which features an ultralow driving threshold. In principle, this chaos will emerge once a driving laser is applied to the cavity mode and lasts for a period of time. The driving strength is inversely proportional to the starting time of chaos. This originally comes from the dynamical enhancement of nonlinearity by field localization in $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry-breaking phase ($\mathcal{PT}$BP). Moreover, this chaos is switchable by tuning the system parameters so that a $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry phase transition occurs. This work may fundamentally broaden the regimes of cavity optomechanics and nonlinear optics. It offers the prospect of exploring ultralow-power-laser triggered chaos and its potential applications in secret communication.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Surface Passivation in Empirical Tight Binding
Creators: name: He, Yu
name: Tan, Yaohua
name: Jiang, Zhengping
name: Povolotskyi, Michael
name: Klimeck, Gerhard
name: Kubis, Tillmann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Empirical Tight Binding (TB) methods are widely used in atomistic device simulations. Existing TB methods to passivate dangling bonds fall into two categories: 1) Method that explicitly includes passivation atoms is limited to passivation with atoms and small molecules only. 2) Method that implicitly incorporates passivation does not distinguish passivation atom types. This work introduces an implicit passivation method that is applicable to any passivation scenario with appropriate parameters. This method is applied to a Si quantum well and a Si ultra-thin body transistor oxidized with SiO2 in several oxidation configurations. Comparison with ab-initio results and experiments verifies the presented method. Oxidation configurations that severely hamper the transistor performance are identified. It is also shown that the commonly used implicit H atom passivation overestimates the transistor performance.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Benefits of combination of insulin degludec and liraglutide are independent of baseline glycated haemoglobin level and duration of type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Buse,
name: Rodbard,
name: Vilsbøll,
name: Kvist,
name: Gough,
name: Woo,
name: Langbakke,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: AIM: To evaluate, using post hoc analyses, whether the novel combination of a basal insulin, insulin degludec, and a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, liraglutide (IDegLira), was consistently effective in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), regardless of the stage of T2D progression.

METHODS: Using data from the DUAL I extension [insulin-naïve patients uncontrolled on oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs), n = 1660, 52 weeks] and DUAL II (patients uncontrolled on basal insulin plus OADs, n = 398, 26 weeks) randomized trials, the efficacy of IDegLira was investigated with regard to measures of disease progression stage including baseline glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), disease duration and previous insulin dose.

RESULTS: Across four categories of baseline HbA1c (≤7.5-9.0%), HbA1c reductions were significantly greater with IDegLira (1.1-2.5%) compared with IDeg or liraglutide alone in DUAL I. In DUAL II, HbA1c reductions were significantly greater with IDegLira (0.9-2.5%) than with IDeg in all but the lowest HbA1c category. In DUAL I, insulin dose and hypoglycaemia rate were lower across all baseline HbA1c categories for IDegLira versus IDeg, while hypoglycaemia was higher with IDegLira than liraglutide, irrespective of baseline HbA1c. In DUAL II, insulin dose and hypoglycaemia rate were similar with IDegLira and IDeg (maximum dose limited to 50 U) independent of baseline HbA1c. The reduction in HbA1c with IDegLira was independent of disease duration and previous insulin dose but varied depending on pre-trial OAD treatment.

CONCLUSIONS: IDegLira effectively lowered HbA1c across a range of measures, implying suitability for patients with either early or advanced T2D.
Poloidal tilting symmetry of high order tokamak flux surface shaping in gyrokinetics
Creators: name: Ball, Justin
name: Parra, Felix I.
name: Barnes, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A poloidal tilting symmetry of the local nonlinear $δf$ gyrokinetic model is demonstrated analytically and verified numerically. This symmetry shows that poloidally rotating all the flux surface shaping effects with large poloidal mode number by a single tilt angle has an exponentially small effect on the transport properties of a tokamak. This is shown using a generalization of the Miller local equilibrium model to specify an arbitrary flux surface geometry. With this geometry specification we find that, when performing an expansion in large flux surface shaping mode number, the governing equations of gyrokinetics are symmetric in the poloidal tilt of the high order shaping effects. This allows us to take the fluxes from a single configuration and calculate the fluxes in any configuration that can be produced by tilting the large mode number shaping effects. This creates a distinction between tokamaks with mirror symmetric flux surfaces and tokamaks without mirror symmetry, which is expected to have important consequences for generating toroidal rotation using up-down asymmetry.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures
Periodization theory: confronting an inconvenient truth
Creators: name: Kiely, John
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4207
subject: Sports science and exercise

description: Periodization theory has, over the past seven decades, emerged as the preeminent training planning paradigm. The philosophical underpinnings of periodization theory can be traced back to the integration of diverse shaping influences, whereby coaching beliefs and traditions were blended with historically available scientific insights and contextualized against pervading social planning models. Since then, many dimensions of elite preparation have evolved significantly, as driven by a combination of coaching innovations and science-led advances in training theory, techniques, and technologies. These advances have been incorporated into the fabric of the pre-existing periodization planning framework, yet the philosophical assumptions underpinning periodization remain largely unchallenged and unchanged. One particularly influential academic sphere of study, the science of stress, particularly the work of Hans Selye, is repeatedly cited by theorists as a central pillar upon which periodization theory is founded. A fundamental assumption emanating from the early stress research is that physical stress is primarily a biologically mediated phenomenon: a presumption translated to athletic performance contexts as evidence that mechanical training stress directly regulates the magnitude of subsequent ‘fitness’ adaptations. Interestingly, however, since periodization theory first emerged, the science of stress has evolved extensively from its historical roots. This raises a fundamental question: if the original scientific platform upon which periodization theory was founded has disintegrated, should we critically re-evaluate conventional perspectives through an updated conceptual lens? Realigning periodization philosophy with contemporary stress theory thus presents us with an opportunity to recalibrate training planning models with both contemporary scientific insight and progressive coaching practice.
Carboxymethyl lysine, an advanced glycation end product, and incident diabetes: a case-cohort analysis of the ARIC Study
Creators: name: Hoogeveen,
name: Luft,
name: Duncan,
name: Chambless,
name: Heiss,
name: Couper,
name: Schmidt,
name: Pankow,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: To verify whether elevated fasting levels of circulating carboxymethyl lysine (CML), an advanced glycation end-product (AGE), predict the development of diabetes in middle-age adults.
Diet, physical activity and mental health status are associated with dysglycaemia in pregnancy: the Healthy Start Study
Creators: name: Dabelea,
name: Siega-Riz,
name: Shapiro,
name: Kaar,
name: Starling,
name: Ringham,
name: Glueck,
name: Sauder,
name: Leiferman,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Prenatal dysglycaemia is associated with adverse maternal and offspring outcomes. This study examined the association between dysglycaemia and multiple modifiable factors measured during pregnancy.
Observational Signatures of Planets in Protoplanetary Disks II: Spiral Arms Observed in Scattered Light Imaging Can be Induced by Planets
Creators: name: Dong, Ruobing
name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
name: Rafikov, Roman
name: Stone, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using 3D global hydro simulations coupled with radiative transfer calculations, we study the appearance of density waves induced by giant planets in direct imaging observations at near infrared wavelengths. We find that a 6 MJ planet in a typical disk around a 1 M_sun star can produce prominent and detectable spiral arms both interior and exterior to its orbit. The inner arms have (1) two well separated arms in roughly m=2 symmetry, (2) exhibit ~10-15 degrees pitch angles, (3) ~180-270 degrees extension in the azimuthal direction, and (4) ~150% surface brightness enhancement, all broadly consistent with observed spiral arms in the SAO 206462 and MWC 758 systems. The outer arms cannot explain observations as they are too tightly wound given typical disk scale height. We confirm previous results that the outer density waves excited by a 1 MJ planet exhibit low contrast in the IR and are practically not detectable. We also find that 3D effects of the waves are important. Compared to isothermal models, density waves in adiabatic disks exhibit weaker contrast in surface density but stronger contrast in scattered light images, due to a more pronounced vertical structure in the former caused by shock heating. To drive observed pairs of arms with an external companion on a circular orbit, a massive planet, possibly a brown dwarf, is needed at around [r~0.7", PA~10 degrees] (position angle PA from north to east) in SAO 206462 and [r~0.6", PA~10 degrees] in MWC 758. Their existence may be confirmed by direct imaging planet searches.
description: ApJ Letter in press
title: Network structure, diversity, and proactive resilience building: A response to Tompkins and Adger
Creators: name: Newman, Lenore
name: Dale, Ann
Publisher: name: Ecology and Society
Year: 2005
Subjects: Social capital (Sociology)
Resilience

description: The version of record of this article is available at https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol10/iss1/resp2/.
description: Although community social networks can build resilience, and thus, aid adaptation to unexpected environmental change (Tomkins and Adger 2004), not all social networks are created equal. Networks composed of a diversity of “bridging” links to a diverse web of resources and “bonding” links that build trust strengthen a community’s ability to adapt to change, but networks composed only of “bonding” links can impose constraining social norms and foster group homophily, reducing resilience. Diversity fosters the resilience needed to adapt to unexpected change, and can also enlarge the ability to proactively make collective decisions that optimize future options.
Effects of exercise training alone vs a combined exercise and nutritional lifestyle intervention on glucose homeostasis in prediabetic individuals: a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Willis, Leslie H.
name: Huffman, Kim M.
name: Granville, Esther O.
name: Kraus, William E.
name: Bateman, Lori A.
name: Samsa, Gregory P.
name: Setji, Tracy L.
name: Muehlbauer, Michael J.
name: Bales, Connie W.
name: Slentz, Cris A.
name: Piner, Lucy W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Although the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) established lifestyle changes (diet, exercise and weight loss) as the ‘gold standard’ preventive therapy for diabetes, the relative contribution of exercise alone to the overall utility of the combined diet and exercise effect of DPP is unknown; furthermore, the optimal intensity of exercise for preventing progression to diabetes remains very controversial. To establish clinical efficacy, we undertook a study (2009 to 2013) to determine: how much of the effect on measures of glucose homeostasis of a 6 month programme modelled after the first 6 months of the DPP is due to exercise alone; whether moderate- or vigorous-intensity exercise is better for improving glucose homeostasis; and to what extent amount of exercise is a contributor to improving glucose control. The primary outcome was improvement in fasting plasma glucose, with improvement in plasma glucose AUC response to an OGTT as the major secondary outcome.
title: Das katholische Bildungswesen in Benin unter dem Anspruch der Option für die Armen
Creators: name: Akakpo, Coffi Régis Vladimir
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 241 Christian ethics

description: Die Bildungsbenachteiligung in Benin stellt eine große Herausforderung für die katholische Kirche als Bildungsakteur dar. Sie steht unter dem Anspruch der Option für die Armen: Aus der Hermeneutik der Option für die Armen (biblisch, theologisch-ethisch) geht eine Leitperspektive hervor, deren Kern das Subjektwerden der Armen bildet. Eine kontextgemäße Deutung des Subjektwerdens der Armen macht deutlich, dass es im beninischen – westafrikanischen postkolonialen – Kontext nicht ohne eine kulturelle Befreiung und Befähigung verwirklicht werden kann. So erfordert die Option für die Armen als sozialer Bildungsauftrag katholischer Schulen in Benin eine gezielte Gestaltung von Bildung, die die Bedürfnisse der Bildungsbenachteiligten bzw. Bildungsarmen in den Blick nimmt. Das Arbeitspapier zeigt Möglichkeiten auf, wie sich das katholische Bildungswesen in Benin mit dieser schwierigen Frage auseinandersetzen und tatsächlich nach der Option für die Armen handeln kann.
description: 1. Einführung ..... 1 2. Bildungsbenachteiligung in Benin ..... 2 2.1. Indikatoren der Bildungsbenachteiligung in Benin ..... 2 2.2. Faktoren der Bildungsbenachteiligung in Benin ..... 3 3. Das Recht auf Bildung ..... 4 4. Der Bildungsauftrag katholischer Schulen ..... 5 5. Die Option für die Armen ..... 6 5.1. Biblische Begründung Begründung ..... 6 5.2. Der Ansatz der lateinamerikanischen Befreiungstheologie ..... 8 5.3. Die Option für die Armen in der afrikanischen Theologie ..... 9 5.4. Die Option für die Ar men in der Soziallehre der Kirche ..... 12 5.5. Elemente aus der christlichen Sozialethik ..... 14 5.6. Das Potential des Ansätze Paule Freires und Amartya Sens ..... 16 6. Die katholische Kirche als Bildungsakteurin in Benin und die Herausforderung der Option für die Armen ..... 18 7. Option für die Armen als sozialer Bildungsauftrag katholischer Schulen: theologisch-sozialethische Herausforderungen ..... 20 8. Handlungsoptionen ..... 22 Literaturverzeichnis ..... 25 Der Autor ..... 29 Bisher erschienene Sozialethische Arbeitspapiere des ICS ..... 30
Characterization of Logic Program Revision as an Extension of Propositional Revision
Creators: name: Schwind, Nicolas
name: Inoue, Katsumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address the problem of belief revision of logic programs, i.e., how to incorporate to a logic program P a new logic program Q. Based on the structure of SE interpretations, Delgrande et al. adapted the well-known AGM framework to logic program (LP) revision. They identified the rational behavior of LP revision and introduced some specific operators. In this paper, a constructive characterization of all rational LP revision operators is given in terms of orderings over propositional interpretations with some further conditions specific to SE interpretations. It provides an intuitive, complete procedure for the construction of all rational LP revision operators and makes easier the comprehension of their semantic and computational properties. We give a particular consideration to logic programs of very general form, i.e., the generalized logic programs (GLPs). We show that every rational GLP revision operator is derived from a propositional revision operator satisfying the original AGM postulates. Interestingly, the further conditions specific to GLP revision are independent from the propositional revision operator on which a GLP revision operator is based. Taking advantage of our characterization result, we embed the GLP revision operators into structures of Boolean lattices, that allow us to bring to light some potential weaknesses in the adapted AGM postulates. To illustrate our claim, we introduce and characterize axiomatically two specific classes of (rational) GLP revision operators which arguably have a drastic behavior. We additionally consider two more restricted forms of logic programs, i.e., the disjunctive logic programs (DLPs) and the normal logic programs (NLPs) and adapt our characterization result to DLP and NLP revision operators.
description: 42 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (accepted in June 2015)
title: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft, Sonderheft 235 - Januar 2023
title: Sonderheft 235 - Januar 2023
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Berichte über Landwirtschaft-Zeitschrift Für Agrarpolitik Und Landwirtschaft
Publisher: name: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft
Year: 2023

description: Mehr als „Gute fachliche Praxis“
Black rings at large D
Creators: name: Tanabe, Kentaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effective theory of slowly rotating black holes at the infinite limit of the spacetime dimension D. This large D effective theory is obtained by integrating the Einstein equation with respect to the radial direction. The effective theory gives equations for non-linear dynamical deformations of the slowly rotating black hole as effective equations. The effective equations contain the slowly rotating Myers-Perry black hole, slowly boosted black string, non-uniform black string and black ring as stationary solutions. We obtain an analytic solution of the black ring by solving the effective equations. Furthermore, by perturbation analysis of the effective equations, we find a quasinormal mode condition of the black ring in analytic way. As a result we confirm that thin black ring is unstable against non-axisymmetric perturbations. We also include 1/D corrections to the effective equations and discuss the effects by 1/D corrections.
description: 43 pages, 5 figures, published version in JHEP
The association of ideal cardiovascular health with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Creators: name: Carnethon, Mercedes R.
name: Bertoni, Alain G.
name: Golden, Sherita H.
name: Blumenthal, Roger S.
name: Cushman, Mary
name: Shay, Christina M.
name: Ahmed, Haitham M.
name: Joseph, Joshua J.
name: Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Levels of ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus have not been examined in a multiethnic population. We assessed the total and race/ethnicity-specific incidence of diabetes based on American Heart Association (AHA) ICH components.
Importing SMT and Connection proofs as expansion trees
Creators: name: Reis, Giselle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Different automated theorem provers reason in various deductive systems and, thus, produce proof objects which are in general not compatible. To understand and analyze these objects, one needs to study the corresponding proof theory, and then study the language used to represent proofs, on a prover by prover basis. In this work we present an implementation that takes SMT and Connection proof objects from two different provers and imports them both as expansion trees. By representing the proofs in the same framework, all the algorithms and tools available for expansion trees (compression, visualization, sequent calculus proof construction, proof checking, etc.) can be employed uniformly. The expansion proofs can also be used as a validation tool for the proof objects produced.
description: In Proceedings PxTP 2015, arXiv:1507.08375
Multi-Sensor Feeder Automated and Easy-To-Use Animal Monitoring Tool for Citizens
Creators: name: Niers, Tom
name: Stenkamp, Jan
name: Jakuschona, Nick Pascal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Citizen Science
Species Distribution
Image Recognition
Biodiversity Monitoring
Do-It-Yourself
Artificial Intelligence
Open Science
Reproducibility

description: Due to anthropogenic impact, more and more species are currently threatened. In order to detect this biodiversity loss, continuous and spatially distributed data of the fauna and further phenomena is needed. To gather such data, we have developed a Multi-Sensor-Feeder, which can be built up by every citizen. With a camera and a weight sensor, the feeder detects visiting animals, especially birds, and analyzes the species through AI. Further the feeder is equipped with different sensors like a thermometer, to gather complementary environmental data. The feeder is affordable and easy to reproduce by following a free manual, so that all citizens can explore the biodiversity at their place. Collected data is automatically analyzed and openly published in real-time and thus inspectable and downloadable for both researchers and citizens. With the poster, we suggest a way, how citizens can make an essential contribution to solve one of the world's current challenges.
Twenty year fitness trends in young adults and incidence of prediabetes and diabetes: the CARDIA study
Creators: name: Hughes, John
name: Schreiner, Pamela J.
name: Carnethon, Mercedes
name: Chow, Lisa S.
name: Odegaard, Andrew O.
name: Wang, Qi
name: Shay, Christina M.
name: Kelly, Aaron S.
name: Ryder, Justin
name: Durant, Nefertiti
name: Lewis, Cora E.
name: Bosch, Tyler A.
name: Bantle, Anne E.
name: Ingram, Katherine H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The prospective association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) measured in young adulthood and middle age on development of prediabetes, defined as impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance, or diabetes by middle age remains unknown. We hypothesised that higher fitness levels would be associated with reduced risk for developing incident prediabetes/diabetes by middle age.
Quantum Monte Carlo Calculation of the Binding Energy of Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Mostaani, E.
name: Drummond, N. D.
name: Fal'ko, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report diffusion quantum Monte Carlo calculations of the interlayer binding energy of bilayer graphene. We find the binding energies of the AA- and AB-stacked structures at the equilibrium separation to be 11.5(9) and 17.7(9) meV/atom, respectively. The out-of-plane zone-center optical phonon frequency predicted by our binding-energy curve is consistent with available experimental results. As well as assisting the modeling of interactions between graphene layers, our results will facilitate the development of van der Waals exchange-correlation functionals for density functional theory calculations.
description: 5 pages and 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett.; supplemental material is available on arXiv via the ancillary files attached to this submission
Abelian cosmic string in the Starobinsky model of gravity
Creators: name: Graça, J. P. Morais
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, I analyze numerically the behaviour of the solutions corresponding to an Abelian string in the framework of the Starobinsky model. The role played by the quadratic term in the Lagrangian density $f(R) = R + ηR^2$ of this model is emphasized and the results are compared with the corresponding ones obtained in the framework of Einstein's theory of gravity. I have found that the angular deficit generated by the string is lowered as the $η$ parameter increases, allowing a well-behaved spacetime for a large range of values of the symmetry-breaking scale.
description: Published version
A framework for proof certificates in finite state exploration
Creators: name: Heath, Quentin
name: Miller, Dale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: Model checkers use automated state exploration in order to prove various properties such as reachability, non-reachability, and bisimulation over state transition systems. While model checkers have proved valuable for locating errors in computer models and specifications, they can also be used to prove properties that might be consumed by other computational logic systems, such as theorem provers. In such a situation, a prover must be able to trust that the model checker is correct. Instead of attempting to prove the correctness of a model checker, we ask that it outputs its "proof evidence" as a formally defined document--a proof certificate--and that this document is checked by a trusted proof checker. We describe a framework for defining and checking proof certificates for a range of model checking problems. The core of this framework is a (focused) proof system that is augmented with premises that involve "clerk and expert" predicates. This framework is designed so that soundness can be guaranteed independently of any concerns for the correctness of the clerk and expert specifications. To illustrate the flexibility of this framework, we define and formally check proof certificates for reachability and non-reachability in graphs, as well as bisimulation and non-bisimulation for labeled transition systems. Finally, we describe briefly a reference checker that we have implemented for this framework.
description: In Proceedings PxTP 2015, arXiv:1507.08375