Cleome iberica Candolle 1824
Creators: name: Roalson, Eric H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Cleomaceae
Cleome
Cleome iberica

description: 11. Cleome iberica Candolle (1824: 240).   
 Lectotype (designated here): Tiflin, Steven s.n. (G-DC barcode G00207236 [photo!]; isolectotypes: P barcodes P00741861!, P00741862! & P00741863!). Additional syntypes: Iberia, Fischer s.n. (G-DC barcode G00207207 [photo!], P barcode P05360167!).   
 Heterotypic synonyms: Cleome canescens Steven ex Candolle (1824: 241). Type: [Ukraine]. In Tauria merid., 1820, Steven s.n. (holotype: G-DC barcode G00207233 [photo!]; isotype: LE). Cleome ornithopodioides Linnaeus subsp. canescens (Steven ex Candolle) Tzvelev (1979: 30).— Cleome ornithopodioides Linnaeus var. sessilis Boissier (1867: 411). Type: Asia Mineure / Asia occidentale / in anatolia, 1837, Aucher-Eloy 416 (lectotype, designated here: P barcode P00741847!; isolectotypes: K barcode K000643948!, P barcodes P00741845! & P00741846!). Other syntypes: Ciliciâ in pinetis ad Gülek (Kotschy [2]79a, P barcodes P00741860! & P05418722!); ad Bosantetchai (Bal.) (not found); in Cataoniae Barruchdagh (Haussknecht s.n., K barcode K000643947!, JE barcode JE00007299 [photo!], P barcode P05418725 [photo!]); ad Ardana (Noë) (not found).— Cleome circassica Tzvelev (1963: 132). Type: [U.D.S.S.R., W. Caucasus] In vicinis urb. Novorossijsk, 7 Jul. 1892, V. Lipsky s.n. (holotype: LE).— Cleome ornithopodioides Linnaeus f. dahhestanica Ruprecht (1869: 137). Type: [U.S. S.R.] Caucasus orientalis supra pag. Tindi, 7 Jul. 1861, F. Ruprecht s.n. (holotype: LE). Cleome daghestanica (Ruprecht) Tzvelev (1963: 128).— Cleome donetzica Tzvelev (1963: 131). Type: [U.S. S.R., S. Russia] In declivitate saxosis ad vallem fl. Donetz. bor. Prope pag. Ekateriminskaja, 21 Jul. 1887, D. Litwinow s.n. (holotype: LE). Cleome ornithopodioides Linnaeus subsp. donetzica (Tzvelev) Tzvelev (1979: 30).   
 Note 1: Material at P in the type folder for C. iberica includes two sheets: P00741861! & P00741862! [together on one sheet], and P00741863! & P00741864! [together on one sheet]. P00741862 and P00741863 both clearly state “Tiflin” (or Tiflis), as in Candolle’s description. P00741864 is a Haussknecht collection from 1865, so is clearly not type material. Material at Jena labeled “ syntypus ” (JE00007298 [photo!]) is not syntype material as it was collected in 1865 by Haussknecht. Type material is supposed to also be at LE and W, but has not been seen by the author. Hedge and Lammond (1970) refer to a photo of a specimen at G, but as G holds collections of both the Stevens syntype and the Fischer syntype, this cannot be considered lectotypification.   
 Note 2: The type material of C. ornithopodioides Linnaeus var. sessilis Boissier does not have glandular hairs on the calyx, making it synonymous with C. iberica Candolle rather than C. ornithopodioides Linnaeus s.s. This was properly placed in synonymy under C. iberica by Blakelock and Townsend (1980), but not by Carlström (1984), who placed it in synonymy under C. ornithopodioides Linnaeus s.s. Boissier (1867: 411) lists five syntype collections for this name: “Hab. in Anatoliâ (Auch. exs. 416!), Ciliciâ in pinetis ad Gülek (Ky exs. 79 a!), ad Bosantetchai (Bal!), in Cataoniae Barruchdagh (Haussk!) et ad Ardana (Noë!).” I conclude here that the “Ky exs. 79a” is a typographical error for the Kotschy 279a collection at P. The Balansa and Noë syntypes have not been located. There are two Noë collections at München (M barcodes M0240959 [photo!] & M0240960 [photo!]) and one at Paris (P barcode P05418726!) that are of the correct vintage; however, they are clearly marked as collected at Constantinopole, whereas the Noë syntype was collected in Ardana (Cyprus). The Aucher-Eloy material is the most abundant of the syntypes and P00741847 is the best of those specimens and for that reason is chosen as the lectotype.   
Geographic distribution: Cyprus, Lebanon, Turkey, Caucasus, Iraq, Iran, and central Asia.
description: Published as part of Roalson, Eric H., 2021, A revised synonymy, typification, and key to species of Cleome sensu stricto (Cleomaceae), pp. 54-68 in Phytotaxa 496 (1) on pages 60-61, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.496.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5423496