cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The 2010 US Senate Elections in Less Than 140 Characters : How Senate Candidates Use Twitter as a Campaign Tool
Creators: name: Haber, Steven
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
classificationCode: 4701
subject: Communication and media studies

description: Much of the recent changes in campaigning have been in how politicians use the Internet and social media. The 2010 elections saw candidates use Twitter as a standard campaign tool for the first time. This study examines how the 71 Senate candidates on Twitter used it in 2010, analyzing over 12,000 “tweets” from Senate candidates in the sixty days prior to the election. The results show that overall, candidates used Twitter to advertise the most, while interacting with other Twitter users and taking issue positions the least. Winning candidates tended to post fewer tweets but did so for different reasons. Overall, candidates use their Twitter accounts more as RSS feeds for their campaign than as a means for more interactive and direct conversation with constituents.
Additional file 1 of The use of olanzapine as an antiemetic in palliative medicine: a systematic review of the literature
Creators: name: G. Saudemont
name: C. Prod’Homme
name: A. Da Silva
name: S. Villet
name: M. Reich
name: N. Penel
name: V. Gamblin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Search algorythms used for each database.
B0 -> pi+ pi- pi0 feasibility studies
Creators: name: Stark, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The potential of constraints on the angle alpha of the Unitarity Triangle from studies of B0 -> pi+ pi- pi0 decays is reviewed. The experimental inputs needed for an isospin analysis are starting to become available. The precision of current measurements is extrapolated to higher luminosities and the constraints on alpha that could be obtained in the foreseeable future are discussed. Studies of the sensitivity of a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis are briefly reviewed.
description: Invited talk at the Workshop on the CKM Unitarity Triangle, IPPP Durham, April 2003 (eConf C0304052). 6 pages LaTeX, 6 eps figures
Hemirhagerrhis nototaenia
Creators: name: Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude
name: Trape, Jean François
name: David, Patrick
name: Ohler, Annemarie
name: Dubois, Alain
name: Glitho, Isabelle Adolé
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Lamprophiidae
Hemirhagerrhis
Hemirhagerrhis nototaenia

description: Hemirhagerrhis nototaenia (Günther, 1864)
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 1 specimen (T 103), Aledjo.
 DISTRIBUTION. — Hulselmans et al. (1971) mentioned the collection of a specimen of Hemirhagerrhis aff. nototaenia (locality not given) during the third Belgian zoological mission to Togo. These authors stated that this specimen was to be described soon. To our best knowledge this specimen was never mentioned again. It was probably referrable to H. nototaenia. This species was also cited from Togo by Roman (1984).
description: Published as part of Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude, Trape, Jean François, David, Patrick, Ohler, Annemarie, Dubois, Alain & Glitho, Isabelle Adolé, 2011, The snake fauna of Togo: systematics, distribution and biogeography, with remarks on selected taxonomic problems, pp. 325-360 in Zoosystema 33 (3) on page 341, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4547017
Neue Arbeitsmethoden der Quartär—Geologie
Creators: name: Schnitzer, Walter Alexander
name: Brunnacker, Karl
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1978

description: Es werden neue Methoden vorgeführt, die besonders für die Quartär-Geologie interessant sein können. Die Bestrahlungsanalyse als Weiterentwicklung der Analyse der Quarzkornfarbe wird erläutert. Die Paläogeruchs-Analyse wird an einigen Beispielen demonstriert.
description: research
The 2010 US Senate Elections in Less Than 140 Characters : How Senate Candidates Use Twitter as a Campaign Tool
Creators: name: Haber, Steven
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Much of the recent changes in campaigning have been in how politicians use the Internet and social media. The 2010 elections saw candidates use Twitter as a standard campaign tool for the first time. This study examines how the 71 Senate candidates on Twitter used it in 2010, analyzing over 12,000 “tweets” from Senate candidates in the sixty days prior to the election. The results show that overall, candidates used Twitter to advertise the most, while interacting with other Twitter users and taking issue positions the least. Winning candidates tended to post fewer tweets but did so for different reasons. Overall, candidates use their Twitter accounts more as RSS feeds for their campaign than as a means for more interactive and direct conversation with constituents.
Interaction and dimensionality in the quantum Hall physics
Creators: name: Aoki, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the composite fermion picture is so effective as to describe the excitation spectra including the spin wave for Laughlin's quantum liquid, ``how heavy and how strongly-interacting" remains a formidable question for the composite fermions, to which this article first addresses. The effective mass (purely interaction originated) defined from the excitation spectrum and obtained for various even- as well as odd-fractions exhibits a curious, step-like filling dependence basically determined by the number of flux quanta attached to each fermion, where the non-monotonic behaviour indicates a strong effect of gauge-field fluctuations. The excitation spectrum fits a Fermi liquid, but again a large effect of inter-composite fermion interaction appears as anomalous Landau's parameters. We have then moved on to see how the introduction of three-dimensionality (where the shape of the Fermi surface becomes relevant) affects the interacting electron system, and propose the magnetic-field induced SDW in three-dimensional systems. This should be a good candidate, in entirely realistic magnetic fields, for the integer QHE recently predicted by Koshino et al to occur in 3D on the fractal energy spectrum similar to Hofstadter's. The mechanism for the field-induced phase is an effect of interaction in Landau's quantisation on incompletely-nested (i.e., multiply-connected) Fermi surfaces, so the interplay of many-body physics and the magnetic quantisation on various Fermi surfaces may provide an interesting future avenue for 3D systems.
description: 7 figures. To appear in D. Weiss and R. Haug (editors), Proc. Int. Workshop on quantum Hall effect -- past, present and future, Stuttgart, July 2003 (a special issue of Physica E)
title: Scientific naturalists and the government of the Royal Society 1850-1900
Creators: name: Harrison, Andrew John
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1989

description: The everyday life of the Royal Society in the second half of the nineteenth century is a largely unworked field within the history of Victorian science. As the principal forum for English science, the Royal Society was a crucial context for' the working out of the major changes in science over the period. The Society made its own singular responses to the developing needs of science for funds to support increasingly expensive researches, and for a more efficient means of publication for the growing number of active workers. These aspects are dealt with at length in the first section. The image of science which was held to by some of its leading practitioners and organisers is very significant in tracing the developing tensions within Victorian science. This led to a widespread sensitivity to any commercial or political involvements on the part of prominent men of science, which might have seemed to compromise their disinterestedness. An area which is very revealing of many characteristic modes of thought entertained by Victorian men of' science, is the evaluation of' scientific performance. Enshrined in the refereeing procedures of the Royal Society, this process provides many insights into the contemporary meaning of the issues of the day. For a long period following 1870 the government of the Royal Society was in the hand of the group of scientific naturalists who surrounded Thomas Huxley. Their personal ambitions and energetic support of the cause of' scientific naturalism contributed to an extremely vigourous phase of the Royal Society's history. A detailed coverage is provided of the spectacular rise and surprisingly rapid decline of the power and influence of this group in this focal point of Victorian science.
Learning Properties of Ordered and Disordered Materials from Multi-fidelity Data
Creators: name: Chen, Chi
name: Zuo, Yunxing
name: Ye, Weike
name: Li, Xiangguo
name: Ong, Shyue Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predicting the properties of a material from the arrangement of its atoms is a fundamental goal in materials science. While machine learning has emerged in recent years as a new paradigm to provide rapid predictions of materials properties, their practical utility is limited by the scarcity of high-fidelity data. Here, we develop multi-fidelity graph networks as a universal approach to achieve accurate predictions of materials properties with small data sizes. As a proof of concept, we show that the inclusion of low-fidelity Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof band gaps greatly enhances the resolution of latent structural features in materials graphs, leading to a 22-45\% decrease in the mean absolute errors of experimental band gap predictions. We further demonstrate that learned elemental embeddings in materials graph networks provide a natural approach to model disorder in materials, addressing a fundamental gap in the computational prediction of materials properties.
Interstellar Now! Missions to and Sample Returns from Nearby Interstellar Objects
Creators: name: Heina, Andreas M.
name: Eubanks, T. Marshall
name: Lingam, Manasvi
name: Hibberd, Adam
name: Fries, Dan
name: Schneider, Jean
name: Kervella, Pierre
name: Kennedy, Robert
name: Perakis, Nikolaos
name: Dachwald, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently discovered first high velocity hyperbolic objects passing through the Solar System, 1I/'Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov, have raised the question about near term missions to Interstellar Objects. In situ spacecraft exploration of these objects will allow the direct determination of both their structure and their chemical and isotopic composition, enabling an entirely new way of studying small bodies from outside our solar system. In this paper, we map various Interstellar Object classes to mission types, demonstrating that missions to a range of Interstellar Object classes are feasible, using existing or near-term technology. We describe flyby, rendezvous and sample return missions to interstellar objects, showing various ways to explore these bodies characterizing their surface, dynamics, structure and composition. Interstellar objects likely formed very far from the solar system in both time and space; their direct exploration will constrain their formation and history, situating them within the dynamical and chemical evolution of the Galaxy. These mission types also provide the opportunity to explore solar system bodies and perform measurements in the far outer solar system.
A Trans-Korean National Gas Pipeline : Feasibility Study
Creators: name: Harkins, Garrett J.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The objective of this report is to assess the feasibility of a 3200 kilometer Trans-Korean natural gas pipeline. This project would run from the urban center of Vladivostok in the Russian Far East, through the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), with a final destination of Seoul, the capital city of the Republic of Korea (ROK) (App. F. 2.). To begin, South Korea, The Russian Federation, and North Korea are evaluated in respect to their current energy situations, political climate, and level of interest in an international energy scheme. Although this report recommends that the pipeline proposal be undertaken by firms, the national agendas of these countries cannot be ignored. There are several reasons for this. First, energy policy is of primary importance to all three nations. For Russia, energy exports are the cornerstone of both economic and political power. In South Korea, energy security is integral for continuing growth while in North Korea it is the lack of such energy that has been one of the primary reasons for economic stagnation. The second reason is the traditional involvement that all states have played in their energy sectors. Moreover, the firms most appropriate for undertaking this project are both controlled by state governments.
Random Surfaces
Creators: name: Sheffield, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study "random surfaces," which are random real (or integer) valued functions on Z^d. The laws are determined by convex, nearest neighbor, difference potentials that are invariant under translation by a full-rank sublattice L of Z^d; they include many discrete and continuous height models (e.g., domino tilings, square ice, the harmonic crystal, the Ginzburg-Landau grad-phi interface model, the linear solid-on-solid model) as special cases. A gradient phase is an L-ergodic gradient Gibbs measure with finite specific free energy. A gradient phase is smooth if it is the gradient of an ordinary Gibbs measure; otherwise it is rough. We prove a variational principle--characterizing gradient phases of a given slope as minimizers of the specific free energy--and an empirical measure large deviations principle (with a unique rate function minimizer) for random surfaces on mesh approximations of bounded domains. Using a geometric technique called "cluster swapping" (a variant of the Swendsen-Wang update for Fortuin-Kasteleyn clusters), we also prove that the surface tension is strictly convex and that if u is in the interior of the space of finite-surface tension slopes, then there exists a minimal energy gradient phase mu_u of slope u. This mu_u is always unique for real valued random surfaces. In the discrete models, mu_u is unique if at least one of the following holds: d is in {1, 2}, there exists a rough gradient phase of slope u, or u is irrational. When d=2, the slopes of all smooth phases (a.k.a. crystal facets) lie in the dual lattice of L.
description: 177 pages, 10 figures
Proximate causes of deforestation in the Bolivian lowlands: an analysis of spatial dynamics
Creators: name: Müller, Robert
name: Müller, Daniel
name: Schierhorn, Florian
name: Gerold, Gerhard
name: Pacheco, Pablo
Publisher: name: Springer-Verlag
Year: 2011

description: Forests in lowland Bolivia suffer from severe deforestation caused by different types of agents and land use activities. We identify three major proximate causes of deforestation. The largest share of deforestation is attributable to the expansion of mechanized agriculture, followed by cattle ranching and small-scale agriculture. We utilize a spatially explicit multinomial logit model to analyze the determinants of each of these proximate causes of deforestation between 1992 and 2004. We substantiate the quantitative insights with a qualitative analysis of historical processes that have shaped land use patterns in the Bolivian lowlands to date. Our results suggest that the expansion of mechanized agriculture occurs mainly in response to good access to export markets, fertile soil, and intermediate rainfall conditions. Increases in small-scale agriculture are mainly associated with a humid climate, fertile soil, and proximity to local markets. Forest conversion into pastures for cattle ranching occurs mostly irrespective of environmental determinants and can mainly be explained by access to local markets. Land use restrictions, such as protected areas, seem to prevent the expansion of mechanized agriculture but have little impact on the expansion of small-scale agriculture and cattle ranching. The analysis of future deforestation trends reveals possible hotspots of future expansion for each proximate cause and specifically highlights the possible opening of new frontiers for deforestation due to mechanized agriculture. Whereas the quantitative analysis effectively elucidates the spatial patterns of recent agricultural expansion, the interpretation of long-term historic drivers reveals that the timing and quantity of forest conversion are often triggered by political interventions and historical legacies.
SAR Tomography at the Limit: Building Height Reconstruction Using Only 3-5 TanDEM-X Bistatic Interferograms
Creators: name: Shi, Yilei
name: Bamler, Richard
name: Wang, Yuanyuan
name: Zhu, Xiao Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-baseline interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) techniques are effective approaches for retrieving the 3-D information of urban areas. In order to obtain a plausible reconstruction, it is necessary to use more than twenty interferograms. Hence, these methods are commonly not appropriate for large-scale 3-D urban mapping using TanDEM-X data where only a few acquisitions are available in average for each city. This work proposes a new SAR tomographic processing framework to work with those extremely small stacks, which integrates the non-local filtering into SAR tomography inversion. The applicability of the algorithm is demonstrated using a TanDEM-X multi-baseline stack with 5 bistatic interferograms over the whole city of Munich, Germany. Systematic comparison of our result with TanDEM-X raw digital elevation models (DEM) and airborne LiDAR data shows that the relative height accuracy of two third buildings is within two meters, which outperforms the TanDEM-X raw DEM. The promising performance of the proposed algorithm paved the first step towards high quality large-scale 3-D urban mapping.
A Trans-Korean National Gas Pipeline : Feasibility Study
Creators: name: Harkins, Garrett J.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 35
subject: Commerce, management, tourism and services

description: The objective of this report is to assess the feasibility of a 3200 kilometer Trans-Korean natural gas pipeline. This project would run from the urban center of Vladivostok in the Russian Far East, through the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), with a final destination of Seoul, the capital city of the Republic of Korea (ROK) (App. F. 2.). To begin, South Korea, The Russian Federation, and North Korea are evaluated in respect to their current energy situations, political climate, and level of interest in an international energy scheme. Although this report recommends that the pipeline proposal be undertaken by firms, the national agendas of these countries cannot be ignored. There are several reasons for this. First, energy policy is of primary importance to all three nations. For Russia, energy exports are the cornerstone of both economic and political power. In South Korea, energy security is integral for continuing growth while in North Korea it is the lack of such energy that has been one of the primary reasons for economic stagnation. The second reason is the traditional involvement that all states have played in their energy sectors. Moreover, the firms most appropriate for undertaking this project are both controlled by state governments.
Les complications inhérentes d’un musée national : Une comparaison et analyse historique du Louvre et les musées Smithonians
Creators: name: Imbriaco, Julia
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4302
subject: Heritage, archive and museum studies

description: On réside au monde réglé par les gouvernements des états nations : c’est un grand legs du XIX siècle. De plus en plus, on se demande comment l’ordre mondial sera modifié par les rôles augmentant des sociétés multinationales, les fractures ethniques, et le phénomène de la mondialisation. Effectivement, Katherine Verdery, anthropologue dit, "The increased flow of capital- and of populations, in its wake, producing the much commented phenomenon of transnationalism- called into question in an unprecedented way all those arbitrary, taken-for granted nation-state boundaries." (Verdery 44) Néanmoins au ce moment, les états nations du monde survivent obstinément au leur propre territoire et souveraineté. Plusieurs anthropologues, sociologues, et historiens posent des questions en regard aux concepts qui suivent cette organisation de la société civile mondial: c’est quoi l’importance du nationalisme? Que signifie le patrimoine dans la vie quotidienne aux citoyens des pays modernes, même qu’ils soient démocratiques ou autoritaires? Est-ce que les citoyens des pays divers ont les conceptions du nationalisme et patrimoine différentes? Quelles sont les sources de différences entre les sentiments patriotiques dus pays divers? Quelles méthodes utilisent eux pour présenter une image positive et stable aux autres pays?
Lamprophis virgatus
Creators: name: Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude
name: Trape, Jean François
name: David, Patrick
name: Ohler, Annemarie
name: Dubois, Alain
name: Glitho, Isabelle Adolé
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Lamprophiidae
Lamprophis
Lamprophis virgatus

description: Lamprophis virgatus (Hallowell, 1856)
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 10 specimens (MRAC 29555, MRAC 29675, Missahohe; MRAC A7036.0028, GHS-W 1046, Agou; MRAC A7036.0015, GHS-W 0045, GHS-W 1084, GHS-W 1086, GHS-W 1205, Sodo Zion; GHS-W 1260, Yo [Agome Yo]).
MORPHOLOGY. — TL from 240 to 860 mm; 23-25 MSR, smooth; 198-216 Ven, smooth, 43-62 Sc, paired; anal single; loreal longer than high; 8 supralabials; 8-10 infralabials; 2, sometimes 1 preoculars; 2 postoculars; temporal scale formula 1 + 2 + 3.
 DISTRIBUTION. — This species is mainly a forest-dweller. The northern limit of its range is in the region of Aledjo where new specimens were recently collected. It might also be present in the region of Kara. Previously this species had been recorded from Togo by Matschie (1893), Sternfeld (1908b, 1909: 12), Hulselmans & Verheyen (1970), and Hulselmans et al. (1971).
 CONSERVATION STATUS. — According to reports of the CITES Division of the DFC Togo, 50 live specimens of the genus Lamprophis were exported from Togo in 2001 and 2002 but the precise species was not stated.
description: Published as part of Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude, Trape, Jean François, David, Patrick, Ohler, Annemarie, Dubois, Alain & Glitho, Isabelle Adolé, 2011, The snake fauna of Togo: systematics, distribution and biogeography, with remarks on selected taxonomic problems, pp. 325-360 in Zoosystema 33 (3) on page 343, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4547017
Additional file 1 of Age-dependent effect of metabolic phenotypes on carotid atherosclerotic disease in coronary heart disease patients (CORDIOPREV study)
Creators: name: Gutierrez-Mariscal, Francisco M.
name: García-Ríos, Antonio
name: Gómez-Luna, Purificación
name: Fernández-Gandara, Carolina
name: Cardelo, Magdalena P.
name: Cruz-Ares, Silvia De La
name: Rodriguez-Cantalejo, Fernando
name: Luque, Raul M.
name: León-Acuña, Ana
name: Delgado-Lista, Javier
name: Perez-Martinez, Pablo
name: Yubero-Serrano, Elena M.
name: Lopez-Miranda, Jose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
An alternative ultrasonic method for measuring the elastic properties of cortical bone
Creators: name: Pithioux, Martine
name: Lasaygues, P.
name: Chabrand, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the elastic properties of bone to analyze its mechanical behavior. The basic principles of ultrasonic methods are now well established for varying isotropic media, particularly in the field of biomedical engineering. However, little progress has been made in its application to anisotropic materials. This is largely due to the complex nature of wave propagation in these media. In the present study, the theory of elastic waves is essential because it relates the elastic moduli of a material to the velocity of propagation of these waves along arbitrary directions in a solid. Transducers are generally placed in contact with the samples which are often cubes with parallel faces that are difficult to prepare. The ultrasonic method used here is original, a rough preparation of the bone is sufficient and the sample is in rotation. Moreover, to analyze heterogeneity of the structure we measure velocities in different points on the sample. The aim of the present study was to determine in vitro the anisotropic elastic properties of cortical bones. For this purpose, our method allowed measuring longitudinal and transversal velocities (CL and CT) in longitudinal (fiber direction) and radial directions (orthogonal to the fiber direction) of compact bones. Young's modulus E and Poisson's ratio , were then deduced from the velocities measured considering the compact bone as transversely isotropic or orthotropic. The results are in line with those of other methods.
DisCoPy: Monoidal Categories in Python
Creators: name: de Felice, Giovanni
name: Toumi, Alexis
name: Coecke, Bob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce DisCoPy, an open source toolbox for computing with monoidal categories. The library provides an intuitive syntax for defining string diagrams and monoidal functors. Its modularity allows the efficient implementation of computational experiments in the various applications of category theory where diagrams have become a lingua franca. As an example, we used DisCoPy to perform natural language processing on quantum hardware for the first time.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2020, arXiv:2101.07888
Charge qubits and limitations of electrostatic quantum gates
Creators: name: Weichselbaum, A.
name: Ulloa, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the characteristics of purely electrostatic interactions with external gates in constructing full single qubit manipulations. The quantum bit is naturally encoded in the spatial wave function of the electron system. Single-electron{transistor arrays based on quantum dots or insulating interfaces typically allow for electrostatic controls where the inter-island tunneling is considered constant, e.g. determined by the thickness of an insulating layer. A representative array of 3x3 quantum dots with two mobile electrons is analyzed using a Hubbard Hamiltonian and a capacitance matrix formalism. Our study shows that it is easy to realize the first quantum gate for single qubit operations, but that a second quantum gate only comes at the cost of compromising the low-energy two-level system needed to encode the qubit. We use perturbative arguments and the Feshbach formalism to show that the compromising of the two-level system is a rather general feature for electrostatically interacting qubits and is not just related to the specific details of the system chosen. We show further that full implementation requires tunable tunneling or external magnetic fields.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PRA
Les complications inhérentes d’un musée national : Une comparaison et analyse historique du Louvre et les musées Smithonians
Creators: name: Imbriaco, Julia
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: On réside au monde réglé par les gouvernements des états nations : c’est un grand legs du XIX siècle. De plus en plus, on se demande comment l’ordre mondial sera modifié par les rôles augmentant des sociétés multinationales, les fractures ethniques, et le phénomène de la mondialisation. Effectivement, Katherine Verdery, anthropologue dit, "The increased flow of capital- and of populations, in its wake, producing the much commented phenomenon of transnationalism- called into question in an unprecedented way all those arbitrary, taken-for granted nation-state boundaries." (Verdery 44) Néanmoins au ce moment, les états nations du monde survivent obstinément au leur propre territoire et souveraineté. Plusieurs anthropologues, sociologues, et historiens posent des questions en regard aux concepts qui suivent cette organisation de la société civile mondial: c’est quoi l’importance du nationalisme? Que signifie le patrimoine dans la vie quotidienne aux citoyens des pays modernes, même qu’ils soient démocratiques ou autoritaires? Est-ce que les citoyens des pays divers ont les conceptions du nationalisme et patrimoine différentes? Quelles sont les sources de différences entre les sentiments patriotiques dus pays divers? Quelles méthodes utilisent eux pour présenter une image positive et stable aux autres pays?
Where did the Brownian particle go?
Creators: name: Pemantle, Robin
name: Peres, Yuval
name: Pitman, Jim
name: Yor, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider the radial projection onto the unit sphere of the path a d-dimensional Brownian motion W, started at the center of the sphere and run for unit time. Given the occupation measure mu of this projected path, what can be said about the terminal point W(1), or about the range of the original path? In any dimension, for each Borel set A subseteq S^{d-1}, the conditional probability that the projection of W(1) is in A given mu(A) is just mu(A). Nevertheless, in dimension d>=3, both the range and the terminal point of W can be recovered with probability 1 from mu. In particular, for d>=3 the conditional law of the projection of W(1) given mu is not mu. In dimension~2 we conjecture that the projection of W(1) cannot be recovered almost surely from mu, and show that the conditional law of the projection of W(1) given mu is not mu.
description: 26 pages
title: Male teachers' perceptions of factors influencing career progress: A study of career-passage strategies
Creators: name: Greer, William
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1989

description: This study is located in the time period of 198 to 1987, a time of change and disruption in teaching, and focuses upon men teachers' perceptions of their past and present career. It suggests that reduced promotion opportunities have led teachers to a preoccupation with strategic presentations of self for the advancement of their professional career, and examines the detail of this through the utterances of teacher-respondents in the course of tape-recorded interviews with the researcher. Attention is given to respondents' accounts of factors which, in terms of achieved rank, they perceive to have influenced career both favourably and unfavourably. The study examines teachers' understandings of the opportunities, in various areas of their work, where effective self-presentations may be made, but also shows the importance of the promotion interview as the crucial 'rite of passage' which transports the teacher to higher levels of rank. The data consist of the accounts which respondents have provided; these have been tape-recorded, and selected passages are presented verbatim and analysed. Thirty-one respondents have been involved in the production of the data, some of these providing several interviews each, and developing the role of 'key respondent'. The methodology of the study is presented in some detail . with particular attention being given to methods of conversation-type interviewing and the influence upon this of factors within the setting. In its conclusion the study attempts to draw attention to some under-examined areas of teacher research, and particularly to the-need for additional information on the perceptions of selection-panel members - and other 'gatekeepers' - and of the role of the 'sponsor' in the promotion of teachers at various bureaucratic levels.
"Running to Stand Still : Change and the Music Industry "and DJ Beatsmith Presents
Creators: name: Gallagher, Cliff
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3603
subject: Music

description: Those who bemoan the collapse of the music industry are misinformed. As the Economist poetically puts it, “The music business is not dying. But it is changing profoundly,” (“Having”). The music industry, and specifically the recording industry, has always gone through changes. However, the end goal was always to sell records. As Paula Swatman and others write in Internet Research, “The history of the traditional music market is essentially aligned with that of the recording industry more generally,” (“The Changing”). In his book The Future of the Music Business, author Steven Gordon implicitly refers to the importance of record sales in the old music industry model when he writes, “…superstars…were selling tens of millions of records. An album may take a million dollars to produce and a couple more million to market and promote. But if a record sold, for example, at $7 dollars wholesale, the payoff for a successful album was spectacularly lucrative,” (84). He continues on to note how in the late 1980’s, record sales at CBS records exceeded $2.5 billion (84). While neither author explicitly states that album sales accounted for most of the profit garnered by the music industry, I believe that a reasonable person can infer this to be the case from these two examples and practical experience.
Reentrance during nonequilibrium relaxation
Creators: name: Kornyei, Laszlo
name: Pleimling, Michel
name: Igloi, Ferenc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider nonequilibrium critical dynamics of the two-dimensional Ising model for which the initial state is prepared by switching on random fields with zero mean and variance $H$. In the initial state there is no magnetic order but the clusters of parallel spins have a percolation transition for small enough $H$. Using heath-bath dynamics we measure the relaxation of the magnetization which shows a reentrance in time. Due to cluster dissolution in the early time regime there is a decrease of the magnetization, followed by an increase due to nonequilibrium domain growth which itself turns to a decrease due to equilibrium relaxation. The power law decay of the nonequilibrium autocorrelation function is not influenced by the percolation in the initial state.
description: 7 pages, 4 figues, submitted to Europhysics Letters
"Running to Stand Still : Change and the Music Industry "and DJ Beatsmith Presents
Creators: name: Gallagher, Cliff
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Those who bemoan the collapse of the music industry are misinformed. As the Economist poetically puts it, “The music business is not dying. But it is changing profoundly,” (“Having”). The music industry, and specifically the recording industry, has always gone through changes. However, the end goal was always to sell records. As Paula Swatman and others write in Internet Research, “The history of the traditional music market is essentially aligned with that of the recording industry more generally,” (“The Changing”). In his book The Future of the Music Business, author Steven Gordon implicitly refers to the importance of record sales in the old music industry model when he writes, “…superstars…were selling tens of millions of records. An album may take a million dollars to produce and a couple more million to market and promote. But if a record sold, for example, at $7 dollars wholesale, the payoff for a successful album was spectacularly lucrative,” (84). He continues on to note how in the late 1980’s, record sales at CBS records exceeded $2.5 billion (84). While neither author explicitly states that album sales accounted for most of the profit garnered by the music industry, I believe that a reasonable person can infer this to be the case from these two examples and practical experience.
CP Violation and New Physics in $B_s$ Decays
Creators: name: Fleischer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $B_s$-meson system is a key element in the $B$-physics programme of hadron colliders, offering various avenues to explore CP violation and to search for new physics. One of the most prominent decays is $B_s\to J/ψϕ$, the counterpart of $B_d\to J/ψK_S$, providing a powerful tool to search for new-physics contributions to $B^0_s$--$\bar{B^0_s}$ mixing. Another benchmark mode is $B_s\to K^+K^-$, which complements $B_d\toπ^+π^-$, thereby allowing an extraction of the angle $γ$ of the unitarity triangle that is sensitive to new-physics effects in the QCD penguin sector. Finally, we discuss new methods to constrain and determine $γ$ with the help of $B_s\to D_s^{(\ast)\pm} K^\mp$ decays, which complement $B_d\to D^{(\ast)\pm}π^\mp$ modes. Since these strategies involve ``tree'' decays, the values of $γ$ thus extracted exhibit a small sensitivity on new physics.
description: 10 pages, LaTeX. Invited talk at FPCP 2003, Paris, France, 3-6 June 2003. To appear in the Proceedings. Reference added
Commercial Drive : lessons in video as product, sustainable urban form, convivial consumption, and neighbourhood identity
Creators: name: Beresky, Samuel Adams
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Through a single experimental and exploratory case study on the Commercial Drive neighbourhood retail district, using principles of basic, applied, formative, and action research, combining qualitative and quantitative methods, the elements, history, context, and threats to a successful neighbourhood retail district, and its role in sustainable planning have all been explored in an innovative 33 minute advocacy documentary titled "Neighbourhood Identity: The Stories of Commercial Drive". The movie covers the neighbourhood context and history as well as highlighting the issues the district is currently facing. This paper, "Commercial Drive: Lessons in Video as Product, Sustainable Urban Form, Convivial Consumption, and Neighbourhood Identity" is meant as a supplementary document to the movie and covers the research problem, questions, methodology, methods, context, and findings of the thesis and movie.
Predicting the Hydraulic Conductivity of Metallic Iron Filters: Modeling Gone Astray
Creators: name: Noubactep, Chicgoua
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2016

description: Since its introduction about 25 years ago, metallic iron (Fe0) has shown its potential as the key component of reactive filtration systems for contaminant removal in polluted waters. Technical applications of such systems can be enhanced by numerical simulation of a filter design to improve, e.g., the service time or the minimum permeability of a prospected system to warrant the required output water quality. This communication discusses the relevant input quantities into such a simulation model, illustrates the possible simplifications and identifies the lack of relevant thermodynamic and kinetic data. As a result, necessary steps are outlined that may improve the numerical simulation and, consequently, the technical design of Fe0 filters. Following a general overview on the key reactions in a Fe0 system, the importance of iron corrosion kinetics is illustrated. Iron corrosion kinetics, expressed as a rate constant kiron, determines both the removal rate of contaminants and the average permeability loss of the filter system. While the relevance of a reasonable estimate of kiron is thus obvious, information is scarce. As a conclusion, systematic experiments for the determination of kiron values are suggested to improve the database of this key input parameter to Fe0 filters.
description: Open-Access Publikationsfonds 2016
Lycophidion irroratum
Creators: name: Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude
name: Trape, Jean François
name: David, Patrick
name: Ohler, Annemarie
name: Dubois, Alain
name: Glitho, Isabelle Adolé
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Lamprophiidae
Lycophidion
Lycophidion irroratum

description: Lycophidion irroratum (Leach, 1819)
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 34 specimens (MRAC 29557, Missahohe; MRAC 29707, Koutoukpa; MRAC 29594, Tetetou; MRAC A7036.0023, GHS-W 1043, GHS-W 1048, T 144-145, Agou, GHS-W 1270, GHS-W 1453-4, GHS-W 1456, GHS-W 1458-1460, T 123, T 124-125, Fazao; GHS-W 1070, GHS-W 1271, GHS-W 1274, GHS-W 1407-08, GHS-W 1416-17, GHS-W 1427, GHS-W 1431, GHS-W 1435, GHS-W 1439, GHS-W 1444, Sodo Zion; GHS-W 1189, GHS-W 1258, Yo [Agome Yo]; T 195, T 199, Alédjo).
MORPHOLOGY. — TL from 168 to 325 mm; 17 MSR, smooth; 159-184 Ven, smooth; 37-47 Sc; 8-9 supralabials; 9-10 infralabials; 1 preocular; 2 postoculars; temporal scale formula 1 + 2 + 3.
 DISTRIBUTION. — This species is widespread in the forested area but also inhabits the Guinean savannahs of ER III. Previously it has been recorded from Togo by Matschie (1893), Werner (1898, 1902), Sternfeld (1908b, 1909: 11), Hulselmans & Verheyen (1970) and Hulselmans et al. (1970).
description: Published as part of Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude, Trape, Jean François, David, Patrick, Ohler, Annemarie, Dubois, Alain & Glitho, Isabelle Adolé, 2011, The snake fauna of Togo: systematics, distribution and biogeography, with remarks on selected taxonomic problems, pp. 325-360 in Zoosystema 33 (3) on page 343, DOI: 10.5252/z2011n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4547017
Comparison of Multiple Linear Regression, Cubist Regression, and Random Forest Algorithms to Estimate Daily Air Surface Temperature from Dynamic Combinations of MODIS LST Data
Creators: name: Noi, Phan
name: Degener, Jan
name: Kappas, Martin
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2017

description: Recently, several methods have been introduced and applied to estimate daily air surface temperature (Ta) using MODIS land surface temperature data (MODIS LST). Among these methods, the most common used method is statistical modeling, and the most applied algorithms are linear/multiple linear regression models (LM). There are only a handful of studies using machine learning algorithm models such as random forest (RF) or cubist regression (CB). In particular, there is no study comparing different combinations of four MODIS LST datasets with or without auxiliary data using different algorithms such as multiple linear regression, random forest, and cubist regression for daily Ta-max, Ta-min, and Ta-mean estimation. Our study examines the mentioned combinations of four MODIS-LST datasets and shows that different combinations and differently applied algorithms produce various Ta estimation accuracies. Additional analysis of daily data from three climate stations in the mountain area of North West of Vietnam for the period of five years (2009 to 2013) with four MODIS LST datasets (AQUA daytime, AQUA nighttime, TERRA daytime, and TERRA nighttime) and two additional auxiliary datasets (elevation and Julian day) shows that CB and LM should be applied if MODIS LST data is used solely. If MODIS LST is used together with auxiliary data, especially in mountainous areas, CB or RF is highly recommended. This study proved that the very high accuracy of Ta estimation (R2 > 0.93/0.80/0.89 and RMSE ~1.5/2.0/1.6 C of Ta-max, Ta-min, and Ta-mean, respectively) could be achieved with a simple combination of four LST data, elevation, and Julian day data using a suitable algorithm.
description: Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2017
Particulate organic carbon (POC) in relation to other pore water carbon fractions in drained and rewetted fens in Southern Germany
Creators: name: Fiedler, S.
name: Höll, B. S.
name: Freibauer, A.
name: Stahr, K.
name: Drösler, M.
name: Schloter, M.
name: Jungkunst, H. F.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2008

description: Numerous studies have dealt with carbon (C) contents in Histosols, but there are no studies quantifying the relative importance of the individual C components in pore waters. For this study, measurements were taken of all the carbon components (particulate organic carbon, POC; dissolved organic carbon, DOC; dissolved inorganic carbon, DIC; dissolved methane, CH4) in the soil pore water of calcareous fens under three different water management regimes (rewetted, deeply and moderately drained). Pore water was collected weekly or biweekly (April 2004 to April 2006) at depths between 10 and 150 cm. The main results obtained were: (1) DIC (94– 280 mgC l−1) was the main C-component. (2) POC and DOC concentrations in the pore water (14–125 mg Cl−1 vs. 41–95 mgC l−1) were pari passu. (3) Dissolved CH4 was the smallest C component (0.005–0.9 mg Cl−1). Interestingly, about 30% of the POM particles were colonized by microbes indicating that they are active in the internal C turnover. Certainly, both POC and DOC fractions are essential components of the C budget of peatlands. Furthermore, dissolved CO2 in all forms of DIC appears to be an important part of peatland C-balance.