cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
One-loop anomalous couplings and matching conditions in the nonlinear realization of the SU(2) Higgs Model
Creators: name: Dutta, Sukanta
name: Hagiwara, Kaoru
name: Yan, Qi-Shu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the renormalization of the nonlinear realization of the SU(2) Higgs model in the modified minimal subtraction renormalization scheme. We propose that the effective field method with truncated operator series is trustworthy even when the Higgs boson is relatively light. Using the technique of background field method in the coordinate space, we derive the matching conditions at tree and one loop order, both in the regions where the Higgs boson is heavy and where it is light. We obtain the complete one-loop anomalous couplings up to ${\Large O} (p^4)$ in the SU(2) Higgs model. We observe that the contribution of the gauge bosons and the Goldstone bosons to the anomalous couplings at the one-loop level is significant. By establishing the correspondence between our coordinate space calculation and the momentum space calculation that exists in the literature, we find agreement in all the matching conditions in the heavy Higgs boson limit.
description: 40 pages, 1 Postscript figure, 12 eps figures, uses subeqn.sty
Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Land Use: Comparisons with the USDA National Survey
Creators: name: Bills, Nelson L.
name: Bills, Nelson L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The NE-125 effort to survey rural landowners coincided with and consequently is complementary to a national survey recently conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The 1978 ESCS Landownership Survey provides information on the features of private landowners in the coterminous U.S. and Hawaii. This comprehensive data base allows one to place patterns of landowership in the Northeast in perspective with patterns of ownership found in other multi-state regions. I want to discuss that subject briefly, drawing on regional summaries of the survey results (Bills and Daugherty; Gustafson, 1980; Gustafson, 1981; D. Lewis; Moyer). My remarks are prefaced by a description of the USDA survey.
Possible observation of phase coexistence of the $ν=1/3$ fractional quantum Hall liquid and a solid
Creators: name: Csathy, G. A.
name: Tsui, D. C.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the magnetoresistance of a very low density and an extremely high quality two-dimensional hole system. With increasing magnetic field applied perpendicularly to the sample we observe the sequence of insulating, $ν=1/3$ fractional quantum Hall liquid, and insulating phases. In both of the insulating phases in the vicinity of the $ν=1/3$ filling the magnetoresistance has an unexpected oscillatory behavior with the magnetic field. These oscillations are not of the Shubnikov-de Haas type and cannot be explained by spin effects. They are most likely the consequence of the formation of a new electronic phase which is intermediate between the correlated Hall liquid and a disorder pinned solid.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of A multiplex guide RNA expression system and its efficacy for plant genome engineering
Creators: name: Youngbin Oh
name: Lee, Bora
name: Hyeonjin Kim
name: Kim, Sang-Gyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Large deletions induced by pGG-2 in protoplasts. The sequences of representative large deletion products in protoplasts. Wild type (WT) sequences of NaNEC5b (a), NaNEC3a (b), NaAOC (c), NaMYC2 (d), and NaNEC1c (e) are shown with guide sequences (underlined) and protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) in red. Indels are presented in blue (insertion) and as dashes (deletion). Total Indel % is the sum of the frequency of small indels and large deletions. The DNA sequences of target locus are ranked with the large deletion frequency.
Studying Lagrangian theories with machine learning: a toy model
Creators: name: Valelis, Christos
name: Anagnostopoulos, Fotios K.
name: Basilakos, Spyros
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence or not of pathologies in the context of Lagrangian theory is studied with the aid of Machine Learning algorithms. Using an example in the framework of classical mechanics, we make a proof of concept, that the construction of new physical theories using machine learning is possible. Specifically, we utilize a fully-connected, feed-forward neural network architecture, aiming to discriminate between ``healthy'' and ``non-healthy'' Lagrangians, without explicitly extracting the relevant equations of motion. The network, after training, is used as a fitness function in the concept of a genetic algorithm and new healthy Lagrangians are constructed. These new Lagrangians are different from the Lagrangians contained in the initial data set. Hence, searching for Lagrangians possessing a number of pre-defined properties is significantly simplified within our approach. The framework employed in this work can be used to explore more complex physical theories, such as generalizations of General Relativity in gravitational physics, or constructions in solid state physics, in which the standard procedure can be laborious.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables, version to appear in Int.J.Mod.Phys.D
Star Formation and the ISM in Four Dwarf Irregular Galaxies
Creators: name: Young, L. M.
name: van Zee, L.
name: Lo, K. Y.
name: Dohm-Palmer, R. C.
name: Beierle, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new, high sensitivity VLA observations of HI in four dwarf galaxies (UGCA 292, GR8, DDO 210, and DDO 216) and we use these data to study interactions between star formation and the interstellar medium. HI velocity dispersions and line shapes in UGCA 292, GR8, and DDO 210 show that these three galaxies contain both warm and cool or cold HI phases. The presence of the cold neutral medium is indicated by a low-dispersion (3--6 km/s) HI component or by the Gauss-Hermite shape parameter h_4 > 0. Contrary to expectations, we find no trend between the incidence of the low-dispersion (colder) phase and the star formation rate in five dwarf galaxies. The colder HI phase may be a necessary ingredient for star formation, but it is clearly not sufficient. However, there is a global trend between the star formation rate of a galaxy and the incidence of asymmetric HI profiles. This trend probably reflects kinetic energy input from young massive stars. Numerical simulations show that the effects of rotational broadening (finite angular resolution) are minimal for these galaxies. Simulations are also used to estimate the errors in the column densities of the high-dispersion and the low-dispersion HI phases.
description: Accepted by ApJ
EVALUATING THE COUNTERCYCLICAL ASPECTS OF THE UNITED STATES' MEAT IMPORT ACT OF 1979
Creators: name: Simpson, James R.
name: Simpson, James R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The potential effect of the new United States meat import law is analyzed under two radically different assumptions about buildup in United States cattle inventory. It is concluded that the bill is not truly countercyclical in nature as it only operates that way under special circumstances.
Additional file 2 of A multiplex guide RNA expression system and its efficacy for plant genome engineering
Creators: name: Youngbin Oh
name: Lee, Bora
name: Hyeonjin Kim
name: Kim, Sang-Gyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Indel frequency (%) in N. attenuata T0 plants harboring the pGG-3 vectors. Indel frequency (%) in N. attenuata T0 plants was calculated by the sum of small indel frequency and large deletion frequency at each gRNA-binding site.
Exact Electron-Pairing Ground States of Tight-Binding Models with Local Attractive Interactions
Creators: name: Tanaka, Akinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a class of exactly solvable models of correlated electrons. The models are defined in any dimension $d$ and consist of electron-hopping terms and local attractive interactions between electrons. For each even number of electrons less than or equal to $1/(d+1)$-filling, we find the exact ground state in which all electrons form pairs of a certain type, and thus the models exhibit an electron-pair condensation.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Signatures of dephasing by mirror-symmetry breaking in weak-antilocalization magnetoresistance across the topological transition in Pb$_{1-x}$Sn$_{x}$Se
Creators: name: Kazakov, Alexander
name: Brzezicki, Wojciech
name: Hyart, Timo
name: Turowski, Bartłomiej
name: Polaczyński, Jakub
name: Adamus, Zbigniew
name: Aleszkiewicz, Marta
name: Wojciechowski, Tomasz
name: Domagala, Jaroslaw Z.
name: Caha, Ondrej
name: Varykhalov, Andrei
name: Springholz, Gunther
name: Wojtowicz, Tomasz
name: Volobuev, Valentine V.
name: Dietl, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many conductors, including recently studied Dirac materials, show saturation of coherence length on decreasing temperature. This surprising phenomenon is assigned to external noise, residual magnetic impurities or two-level systems specific to non-crystalline solids. Here, by considering the SnTe-class of compounds as an example, we show theoretically that breaking of mirror symmetry deteriorates Berry's phase quantization, leading to additional dephasing in weak-antilocalization magnetoresistance (WAL-MR). Our experimental studies of WAL-MR corroborate these theoretical expectations in (111) Pb$_{1-x}$Sn$_x$Se thin film with Sn contents $x$ corresponding to both topological crystalline insulator and topologically trivial phases. In particular, we find the shortening of the phase coherence length in samples with intentionally broken mirror symmetry. Our results indicate that the classification of quantum transport phenomena into universality classes should encompass, in addition to time-reversal and spin-rotation invariances, spatial symmetries in specific systems.
description: Accepted version
Qubit Rotation by STIRAP
Creators: name: Kis, Z.
name: Renzoni, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel procedure for qubit rotation, alternative to the commonly used method of Rabi oscillations of controlled pulse area. It is based on the technique of Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage (STIRAP) and therefore it is robust against fluctuations of experimental parameters. Furthermore, our work shows that it is in principle possible to perform quantum logic operations via stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. This opens up the search for a completely new class of schemes to implement logic gates.
description: Revtex4 document, 4 pages, 2 figures
GRB 021004: A Possible Shell Nebula around a Wolf-Rayet Star Gamma-Ray Burst Progenitor
Creators: name: Mirabal, N.
name: Halpern, J. P.
name: Chornock, R.
name: Filippenko, A. V.
name: Terndrup, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid localization of GRB 021004 by the HETE-2 satellite allowed nearly continuous monitoring of its early optical afterglow decay, as well as high-quality optical spectra that determined a redshift of z=2.328 for its host, an active starburst galaxy with strong Lyman-alpha emission and several absorption lines. Spectral observations show multiple absorbers blueshifted by up to 3,155 km/s relative to the host galaxy Lyman-alpha emission.We argue that these correspond to a fragmented shell nebula, gradually enriched by a Wolf-Rayet wind over the lifetime of a massive progenitor bubble. In this scenario, the absorbers can be explained by circumstellar material that have been radiatively accelerated by the GRB emission. Dynamical and photoionization models are used to provide constraints on the radiative acceleration from the early afterglow.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the 2003 GRB Conference
WHOLESALE MEAT TRADING IN THE U.S.: • PRICING ISSUES AND EVALUATION GUIDELINES FOR ELECTRONIC MARKETING
Creators: name: Sarhan, M.E.
name: Nelson, Kenneth E.
name: Sarhan, M.E.
name: Nelson, Kenneth E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The traditional exchange system for wholesale meat in. the United States is under attack, partly because of changes in industry structure and partly because of alleged inefficiencies and equities in pricing. New marketing alternatives are -under consideration including a centralized computer trading system. ,This paper reviews the history behind the evolution of electronic trading .potentials for mat, and suggests some economic considerations and evaluation guidelines for such a system.
Entire theta operators at unramified primes
Creators: name: Eischen, E.
name: Mantovan, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Starting with work of Serre, Katz, and Swinnerton-Dyer, theta operators have played a key role in the study of $p$-adic and $\bmod p$ modular forms and Galois representations. This paper achieves two main results for theta operators on automorphic forms on PEL-type Shimura varieties: 1) the analytic continuation at unramified primes $p$ to the whole Shimura variety of the $\bmod p$ reduction of $p$-adic Maass--Shimura operators {\it a priori} defined only over the $μ$-ordinary locus, and 2) the construction of new $\bmod p$ theta operators that do not arise as the $\bmod p$ reduction of Maass--Shimura operators. While the main accomplishments of this paper concern the geometry of Shimura varieties and consequences for differential operators, we conclude with applications to Galois representations. Our approach involves a careful analysis of the behavior of Shimura varieties and enables us to obtain more general results than allowed by prior techniques, including for arbitrary signature, vector weights, and unramified primes in CM fields of arbitrary degree.
description: Accepted for publication in IMRN. 42 pages
Discovering Mathematical Objects of Interest -- A Study of Mathematical Notations
Creators: name: Greiner-Petter, Andre
name: Schubotz, Moritz
name: Mueller, Fabian
name: Breitinger, Corinna
name: Cohl, Howard S.
name: Aizawa, Akiko
name: Gipp, Bela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mathematical notation, i.e., the writing system used to communicate concepts in mathematics, encodes valuable information for a variety of information search and retrieval systems. Yet, mathematical notations remain mostly unutilized by today's systems. In this paper, we present the first in-depth study on the distributions of mathematical notation in two large scientific corpora: the open access arXiv (2.5B mathematical objects) and the mathematical reviewing service for pure and applied mathematics zbMATH (61M mathematical objects). Our study lays a foundation for future research projects on mathematical information retrieval for large scientific corpora. Further, we demonstrate the relevance of our results to a variety of use-cases. For example, to assist semantic extraction systems, to improve scientific search engines, and to facilitate specialized math recommendation systems. The contributions of our presented research are as follows: (1) we present the first distributional analysis of mathematical formulae on arXiv and zbMATH; (2) we retrieve relevant mathematical objects for given textual search queries (e.g., linking $P_{n}^{(α, β)}\!\left(x\right)$ with `Jacobi polynomial'); (3) we extend zbMATH's search engine by providing relevant mathematical formulae; and (4) we exemplify the applicability of the results by presenting auto-completion for math inputs as the first contribution to math recommendation systems. To expedite future research projects, we have made available our source code and data.
description: Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020 (WWW'20), April 20--24, 2020, Taipei, Taiwan
Additional file 2 of Network hub-node prioritization of gene regulation with intra-network association
Creators: name: Hung-Ching Chang
name: Chiao-Pei Chu
name: Shu-Ju Lin
name: Hsiao, Chuhsing Kate
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Boxplots of local weights (left column) and topology weights (right column). Here the thresholds are set at conservative values: 0.05 for αL, 1 for αS, and no limit for D so that all nodes are included. Figure S2: Analyses of the mTor pathway for the breast cancer study. Figure S3: Analyses of the estrogen pathway for the breast cancer study. Figure S4: Analyses of the JAK-STAT pathway for the breast cancer study. Figure S5: The hub ranking rate of NetworkHub corresponding to different threshold values before and after the pathway association test, under four scenarios. A: Before. B: After.
Self-energy-part resummed quark and gluon propagators in a spin-polarized quark matter and generalized Boltzmann equations
Creators: name: Niegawa, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct perturbative frameworks for studying nonequilibrium spin-polarized quark matter. We employ the closed-time-path formalism and use the gradient approximation in the derivative expansion. After constructing self-energy-part resummed quark and gluon propagators, we formulate two kind of mutually equivalent perturbative frameworks: The first one is formulated on the basis of the initial-particle distribution function, and the second one is formulated on the basis of `` physical''-particle distribution function. In the course of construction of the second framework, the generalized Boltzmann equations and their relatives {\em directly} come out, which describe the evolution of the system. The frameworks are relevant to the study of a magnetic character of quark matters, e.g., possible quark stars.
description: 57 pages
Videos vs Infographics : The Effectiveness of Different Media Types in Climate Education
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Aanchal
name: Ng, Cheryl
name: Chen, Li-Hao
name: Sirohi, Tanika
name: Hill, Xiluva
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of videos versus infographics in increasing climate literacy among individuals aged 18 to 30 in Vancouver. Two groups of participants first filled out a brief questionnaire assessing their climate literacy, then proceeded to either watch a video or read an infographic about measuring one’s carbon footprint, and finally took the same questionnaire again. Analysis of participants’ score improvements using an independent samples T-test showed that participants watching the video had greater improvement than participants viewing the infographic. However, the Cohen’s D showed a small effect size and a non-significant p-value, suggesting that these results were inconclusive. These results imply that future studies require more stringent experimental measures and more engaging media strategies to increase participants’ engagement with the material, as well as a larger sample size and longer data collection period to derive more conclusive results. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
An Upper Limit on the Granularity of the Local Stellar Halo
Creators: name: Gould, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I use the statistical properties of 4588 nearby halo stars to show that if the local stellar halo is composed of cold streams from disrupted dwarf satellites as is predicted by popular cosmologies, then at 95% confidence there are at least 1350 such streams. Moreover, no stream can contain more than 2.3% of the local stars, while average streams must contain less than 0.08%.
description: Submitted to ApJ Letters, 6 pages
FOOD AWAY FROM HOME EXPENDITURES BY SOURCE OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME
Creators: name: Kinsey, Jean
name: Kinsey, Jean
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Between 1954 and 1978 the proportion of total U.S. household food expenditure allocated to food away from home rose from 23 to 33 percent. Over the same time span, expenditures on food away from home (FAFH) increased 120 percent, in real terms, compared to a real increase of 38 percent for food at home As the demand for food accompanied by marketing services increases, food distribution methods are inevitably altered. This trend has been attributed to rising real incomes, to the availability of fast-. food establishments and to demographic changes, specifically household size and composition and the presence of a working wife.
Experimental quantum conference key agreement
Creators: name: Proietti, Massimiliano
name: Ho, Joseph
name: Grasselli, Federico
name: Barrow, Peter
name: Malik, Mehul
name: Fedrizzi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum networks will provide multi-node entanglement over long distances to enable secure communication on a global scale. Traditional quantum communication protocols consume pair-wise entanglement, which is sub-optimal for distributed tasks involving more than two users. Here we demonstrate quantum conference key agreement, a quantum communication protocol that exploits multi-partite entanglement to efficiently create identical keys between N users with up to N-1 rate advantage in constrained networks. We distribute four-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states generated by high-brightness, telecom photon-pair sources across up to 50 km of fibre, implementing multi-user error correction and privacy amplification on resulting raw keys. Under finite-key analysis, we establish $1.15\times10^6$ bits of secure key, which are used to encrypt and securely share an image between the four users in a conference transmission. We have demonstrated a new protocol tailored for multi-node networks leveraging low-noise, long-distance transmission of GHZ states that will pave the way forward for future multiparty quantum information processing applications.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Development of a Comparison Framework for Evaluating Environmental Contours of Extreme Sea States.
Creators: name: Eckert, Aubrey
name: Martin, Nevin
name: Coe, Ryan G.
name: Seng, Bibiana
name: Stuart, Zacharia
name: Morrell, Zachary
Publisher: name: UNESCO/IOC
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Parameter Discipline::Physical oceanography::Waves

description: Environmental contours of extreme sea states are often utilized for the purposes of reliability-based offshore design. Many methods have been proposed to estimate environmental contours of extreme sea states, including, but not limited to, the traditional inverse first-order reliability method (I-FORM) and subsequent modifications, copula methods, and Monte Carlo methods. These methods differ in terms of both the methodology selected for defining the joint distribution of sea state parameters and in the method used to construct the environmental contour from the joint distribution. It is often difficult to compare the results of proposed methods to determine which method should be used for a particular application or geographical region. The comparison of the predictions from various contour methods at a single site and across many sites is important to making environmental contours of extreme sea states useful in practice. The goal of this paper is to develop a comparison framework for evaluating methods for developing environmental contours of extreme sea states. This paper develops generalized metrics for comparing the performance of contour methods to one another across a collection of study sites, and applies these metrics and methods to develop conclusions about trends in the wave resource across geographic locations, as demonstrated for a pilot dataset. These proposed metrics and methods are intended to judge the environmental contours themselves relative to other contour methods, and are thus agnostic to a specific device, structure, or field of application. The metrics developed and applied in this paper include measures of predictive accuracy, physical validity, and aggregated temporal performance that can be used to both assess contour methods and provide recommendations for the use of certain methods in various geographical regions. The application and aggregation of the metrics proposed in this paper outline a comparison framework for environmental contour methods that can be applied to support design analysis workflows for offshore structures. This comparison framework could be extended in future work to include additional metrics of interest, potentially including those to address issues pertinent to a specific application area or analysis discipline, such as metrics related to structural response across contour methods or additional physics-based metrics based on wave dynamics.
Stochastic Makespan Minimization in Structured Set Systems
Creators: name: Gupta, Anupam
name: Kumar, Amit
name: Nagarajan, Viswanath
name: Shen, Xiangkun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study stochastic combinatorial optimization problems where the objective is to minimize the expected maximum load (a.k.a.\ the makespan). In this framework, we have a set of $n$ tasks and $m$ resources, where each task $j$ uses some subset of the resources. Tasks have random sizes $X_j$, and our goal is to non-adaptively select $t$ tasks to minimize the expected maximum load over all resources, where the load on any resource $i$ is the total size of all selected tasks that use $i$. For example, when resources are points and tasks are intervals in a line, we obtain an $O(\log\log m)$-approximation algorithm. Our technique is also applicable to other problems with some geometric structure in the relation between tasks and resources; e.g., packing paths, rectangles, and "fat" objects. Our approach uses a strong LP relaxation using the cumulant generating functions of the random variables. We also show that this LP has an $Ω(\log^* m)$ integrality gap, even for the problem of selecting intervals on a line; here $\log^* m$ is the iterated logarithm function.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures
Modeling Aggression Propagation on Social Media
Creators: name: Terizi, Chrysoula
name: Chatzakou, Despoina
name: Pitoura, Evaggelia
name: Tsaparas, Panayiotis
name: Kourtellis, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.6.4; I.6.5; J.4

description: Cyberaggression has been studied in various contexts and online social platforms, and modeled on different data using state-of-the-art machine and deep learning algorithms to enable automatic detection and blocking of this behavior. Users can be influenced to act aggressively or even bully others because of elevated toxicity and aggression in their own (online) social circle. In effect, this behavior can propagate from one user and neighborhood to another, and therefore, spread in the network. Interestingly, to our knowledge, no work has modeled the network dynamics of aggressive behavior. In this paper, we take a first step towards this direction by studying propagation of aggression on social media using opinion dynamics. We propose ways to model how aggression may propagate from one user to another, depending on how each user is connected to other aggressive or regular users. Through extensive simulations on Twitter data, we study how aggressive behavior could propagate in the network. We validate our models with crawled and annotated ground truth data, reaching up to 80% AUC, and discuss the results and implications of our work.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Electronic transport calculations for self-assembled mono-layers of 1,4-phenylene diisocyanide on Au(111) contacts
Creators: name: Dahlke, Robert
name: Schollwoeck, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on electronic transport calculations for self-assembled mono-layers (SAM) of 1,4-phenylene diisocyanide on Au(111) contacts. Experimentally one observes more structure (i.e peaks) within the measured conductance curve for this molecule with two cyanide end-groups, compared to measurements with molecules having thiol end-groups. The calculations are performed on the semi-empiric extended Hückel level using elastic scattering quantum chemistry (ESQC) and we investigate three possible explanations for the experimental findings. Comparing the experimental and theoretical data, we are able to rule out all but one of the scenarios. The observed additional peaks are found to be only reproduced by a mono-layer with additional molecules perturbing the periodicity. It is conjectured that the weaker coupling to Au of cyanide end-groups compared to thiol end-groups might be responsible for such perturbations.
Additional file 1 of Network hub-node prioritization of gene regulation with intra-network association
Creators: name: Hung-Ching Chang
name: Chiao-Pei Chu
name: Shu-Ju Lin
name: Hsiao, Chuhsing Kate
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Tables S1-S5. for detailed lists of rankings in each pathway under different methods.
The Impact of Diversification. on Farm-Risk
Creators: name: Zenger, Sheldon
name: Schurle, Bryan
name: Zenger, Sheldon
name: Schurle, Bryan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: Using farm data, this study estimates the relationship between income and variability of income. The affect of diversification and other farm characteristics on income variability is also investigated. Gross farm income, acres per operator, taxable nonfarm income, and machinery investment per acre were significantly related to variability of net income.
Level statistics and eigenfunctions of pseudointegrable systems: dependence on energy and genus number
Creators: name: Hlushchuk, Yuriy
name: Russ, Stefanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the level statistics (second half moment $I_0$ and rigidity $Δ_3$) and the eigenfunctions of pseudointegrable systems with rough boundaries of different genus numbers $g$. We find that the levels form energy intervals with a characteristic behavior of the level statistics and the eigenfunctions in each interval. At low enough energies, the boundary roughness is not resolved and accordingly, the eigenfunctions are quite regular functions and the level statistics shows Poisson-like behavior. At higher energies, the level statistics of most systems moves from Poisson-like towards Wigner-like behavior with increasing $g$. Investigating the wavefunctions, we find many chaotic functions that can be described as a random superposition of regular wavefunctions. The amplitude distribution $P(ψ)$ of these chaotic functions was found to be Gaussian with the typical value of the localization volume $V_{\rm{loc}}\approx 0.33$. For systems with periodic boundaries we find several additional energy regimes, where $I_0$ is relatively close to the Poisson-limit. In these regimes, the eigenfunctions are either regular or localized functions, where $P(ψ)$ is close to the distribution of a sine or cosine function in the first case and strongly peaked in the second case. Also an interesting intermediate case between chaotic and localized eigenfunctions appears.
La Politique agricole commune doit-elle intégrer des objectifs de lutte contre le surpoids et l’obésité ?
Creators: name: Guyomard, Herve
name: Detang-Dessendre, Cecile
name: Requillart, Vincent
name: Soler, Louis-Georges
name: Guyomard, Herve
name: Detang-Dessendre, Cecile
name: Requillart, Vincent
name: Soler, Louis-Georges
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: L’Union européenne fait face à une épidémie de surpoids et d’obésité dont le coût social pour le seul territoire français s’élève à plus de 20 milliards d’euros par an. Au-delà de la présentation des politiques nutritionnelles actuellement en place dans les Etats membres, ce travail apporte des éléments de réponse à deux questions : la Politique agricole commune (PAC) a-t-elle une part de responsabilité dans cette épidémie ? Y-a-t-il justification à la prise en compte d’objectifs de lutte contre la surnutrition dans les politiques européennes, plus pécifiquement dans la PAC ?
An On-Device Federated Learning Approach for Cooperative Model Update between Edge Devices
Creators: name: Ito, Rei
name: Tsukada, Mineto
name: Matsutani, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most edge AI focuses on prediction tasks on resource-limited edge devices while the training is done at server machines. However, retraining or customizing a model is required at edge devices as the model is becoming outdated due to environmental changes over time. To follow such a concept drift, a neural-network based on-device learning approach is recently proposed, so that edge devices train incoming data at runtime to update their model. In this case, since a training is done at distributed edge devices, the issue is that only a limited amount of training data can be used for each edge device. To address this issue, one approach is a cooperative learning or federated learning, where edge devices exchange their trained results and update their model by using those collected from the other devices. In this paper, as an on-device learning algorithm, we focus on OS-ELM (Online Sequential Extreme Learning Machine) to sequentially train a model based on recent samples and combine it with autoencoder for anomaly detection. We extend it for an on-device federated learning so that edge devices can exchange their trained results and update their model by using those collected from the other edge devices. This cooperative model update is one-shot while it can be repeatedly applied to synchronize their model. Our approach is evaluated with anomaly detection tasks generated from a driving dataset of cars, a human activity dataset, and MNIST dataset. The results demonstrate that the proposed on-device federated learning can produce a merged model by integrating trained results from multiple edge devices as accurately as traditional backpropagation based neural networks and a traditional federated learning approach with lower computation or communication cost.
Growth Rate of Large Scale Structure as a Powerful Probe of Dark Energy
Creators: name: Cooray, Asantha
name: Huterer, Dragan
name: Baumann, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The redshift evolution of the growth rate of the gravitational potential, d(D/a)/dz, is an excellent discriminator of dark energy parameters and, in principle, more powerful than standard classical tests of cosmology. This evolution is directly observable through the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect in cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies. We consider the prospects of measuring the growth rate via a novel method employed through measurements of CMB polarization towards galaxy clusters. The potentially achievable errors on dark energy parameters are comparable and fully complementary to those expected from other upcoming tests of dark energy, making this test a highly promising tool of precision cosmology.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Additional file 7 of In silico evolution of Aspergillus niger organic acid production suggests strategies for switching acid output
Creators: name: Upton, Daniel J.
name: McQueen-Mason, Simon J.
name: A. Jamie Wood
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7. Full derivation of the fitness function used for in silico evolution of organic acid production.
Pyrgita septentrionalis C. L. Brehm
Creators: name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Passeridae
Pyrgita
Pyrgita septentrionalis

description: Pyrgita septentrionalis C.L. Brehm
Pyrgita septentrionalis C.L. Brehm, 1831: 268 (Er bewohnt den Norden, namentlich Dänemark bis Kiel).
Now Passer montanus montanus (Linnaeus, 1758). See Hartert, 1918a: 15; Dickinson, 2003: 717.
LECTOTYPE: AMNH 456550, adult male, collected at Kiel, 54.20N, 10.08E (Times Atlas), Germany, in May, 1825. From the Brehm Collection via the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: In the original description, Brehm did not list a type or mention how many specimens he examined. Hartert (1918a: 15) by listing the above specimen as the type of septentrionalis, designated it the lectotype. Other specimens cataloged in AMNH as septentrionalis were collected after the publication of the name.
description: Published as part of Lecroy, Mary, 2014, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae, pp. 1-165 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (393) on page 10, DOI: 10.1206/885.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4629954
A curve shortening equation with time-dependent mobility related to grain boundary motions
Creators: name: Mizuno, Masashi
name: Takasao, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 53C44, Secondary 35R37, 70G75, 74N15

description: A curve shortening equation related to the evolution of grain boundaries is presented. This equation is derived from the grain boundary energy by applying the maximum dissipation principle. Gradient estimates and large time asymptotic behavior of solutions are considered. In the proof of these results, one key ingredient is a new weighted monotonicity formula that incorporates a time-dependent mobility.
description: 21 pages, 2 figure
Two characteristic volumes in thermal nuclear multifragmentation
Creators: name: Karnaukhov, V. A.
name: Oeschler, H.
name: Avdeyev, S. P.
name: Rodionov, V. K.
name: Kirakosyan, V. V.
name: Simonenko, A. V.
name: Rukoyatkin, P. A.
name: Budzanowski, A.
name: Karcz, W.
name: Skwirczynska, I.
name: Kuzmin, E. A.
name: Chulkov, L. V.
name: Norbeck, E.
name: Botvina, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper is devoted to the experimental determination of the space-time characteristics for the target multifragmentation in p(8.1GeV) + Au collisions. The experimental data on the fragment charge distribution and kinetic energy spectra are analyzed within the framework of the statistical multifragmentation model. It is found that the partition of hot nuclei is specified after expansion of the target spectator to a volume equal to Vt = (2.9 +- 0.2) Vo, with Vo as the volume at normal density. However, the freeze-out volume is found to be Vf = (11 +- 3) Vo. At freeze-out, all the fragments are well separated and only the Coulomb force should be taken into account. The results are in accordance with a scenario of spinodal disintegration of hot nuclei.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.C
Random Geometric Series
Creators: name: Ben-Naim, E.
name: Krapivsky, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Integer sequences where each element is determined by a previous randomly chosen element are investigated analytically. In particular, the random geometric series x_n=2x_p with 0<=p<=n-1 is studied. At large n, the moments grow algebraically, n^beta(s) with beta(s)=2^s-1, while the typical behavior is x_n n^ln 2. The probability distribution is obtained explicitly in terms of the Stirling numbers of the first kind and it approaches a log-normal distribution asymptotically.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Enhanced Nonlinear Generation in a Three-Level Medium with Spatially Dependent Coherence
Creators: name: Paspalakis, E.
name: Kis, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a method for efficient parametric generation of a laser pulse. A single laser field is injected to a three-level medium which has two lower states and one excited state. The lower states are prepared initially in a position-dependent coherent superposition state. It is shown that by proper choice of the position dependence of the superposition along the direction of propagation, the incoming field can be converted completely to a new field.
description: Revtex4 document, 3 pages, 2 figures
Two-Component Mixture Model in the Presence of Covariates
Creators: name: Nabarun Deb
name: Sujayam Saha
name: Adityanand Guntuboyina
name: Bodhisattva Sen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: In this article, we study a generalization of the two-groups model in the presence of covariates—a problem that has recently received much attention in the statistical literature due to its applicability in multiple hypotheses testing problems. The model we consider allows for infinite dimensional parameters and offers flexibility in modeling the dependence of the response on the covariates. We discuss the identifiability issues arising in this model and systematically study several estimation strategies. We propose a tuning parameter-free nonparametric maximum likelihood method, implementable via the expectation-maximization algorithm, to estimate the unknown parameters. Further, we derive the rate of convergence of the proposed estimators—in particular we show that the finite sample Hellinger risk for every ‘approximate’ nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator achieves a near-parametric rate (up to logarithmic multiplicative factors). In addition, we propose and theoretically study two ‘marginal’ methods that are more scalable and easily implementable. We demonstrate the efficacy of our procedures through extensive simulation studies and relevant data analyses—one arising from neuroscience and the other from astronomy. We also outline the application of our methods to multiple testing. The companion R package NPMLEmix implements all the procedures proposed in this article.
Does the Sun shrink with increasing magnetic activity?
Creators: name: Antia, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been demonstrated that frequencies of f-modes can be used to estimate the solar radius to a good accuracy. These frequencies have been used to study temporal variations in the solar radius with conflicting results. The variation in f-mode frequencies is more complicated than what is assumed in these studies. If a careful analysis is performed then it turns out that there is no evidence for any variation in the solar radius.
description: To appear in Astrophys. J
Additional file 6 of In silico evolution of Aspergillus niger organic acid production suggests strategies for switching acid output
Creators: name: Upton, Daniel J.
name: McQueen-Mason, Simon J.
name: A. Jamie Wood
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. The file provides the additional Figures S1–S15.
Kinetic Theory of Turbulence Modeling: Smallness Parameter, Scaling and Microscopic Derivation of Smagorinsky Model
Creators: name: Ansumali, Santosh
name: Karlin, Iliya V.
name: Succi, Sauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mean-field approach (filtering out subgrid scales) is applied to the Boltzmann equation in order to derive a subgrid turbulence model based on kinetic theory. It is demonstrated that the only Smagorinsky type model which survives in the hydrodynamic limit on the viscosity time scale is the so-called tensor-diffusivity model. Scaling of the filter-width with Reynolds number and Knudsen number is established. This sets the first rigorous step in deriving turbulence models from kinetic theory.
description: 18 pages, Minor corrections, Accepted in Physica A