cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Solving the degeneracy of the lepton-flavor mixing angle theta_atm by the T2KK two detector neutrino oscillation experiment
Creators: name: Hagiwara, Kaoru
name: Okamura, Naotoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the atmospheric neutrino oscillation amplitude, sin^2 2theta_atm is not maximal, there is a two fold ambiguity in the neutrino parameter space: sin^2 theta_atm>0.5 or sin^2 theta_atm<0.5. In this article, we study the impact of this degeneracy, the so-called octant degeneracy, on the T2KK experiment, which is a proposed extension of the T2K (Tokai-to-Kaimoka) neutrino oscillation experiment with an additional water cherenkov detector placed in Korea. We find that the degeneracy between sin^2 theta_atm= 0.40 and 0.60 can be resolved at the 3sigma level for sin^2 2theta_rct>0.12 (0.08) for the optimal combination of a 3.0^circ off-axis beam (OAB) at SK (L=295km) and a 0.5^circ OAB at L=1000km with a far detector of 100kton volume, after 5 years of exposure with 1.0(5.0) time 10^21 POT/year, if the hierarchy is normal. We also study the influence of the octant degeneracy on the capability of T2KK experiment to determine the mass hierarchy and the leptonic CP phase. The capability of rejecting the wrong mass hierarchy grows with increasing sin^2 theta_atm when the hierarchy is normal, whereas it is rather insensitive to sin^2 theta_atm for the inverted hierarchy. We also find that the 1sigma allowed region of the CP phase is not affected significantly even when the octant degeneracy is not resolved. All our results are obtained for the 22.5 kton Super-Kamiokande as a near detector and without an anti-neutrino beam.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures
From temporal network data to the dynamics of social relationships
Creators: name: Gelardi, Valeria
name: Bail, Didier Le
name: Barrat, Alain
name: Claidière, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Networks are well-established representations of social systems, and temporal networks are widely used to study their dynamics. Temporal network data often consist in a succession of static networks over consecutive time windows whose length, however, is arbitrary, not necessarily corresponding to any intrinsic timescale of the system. Moreover, the resulting view of social network evolution is unsatisfactory: short time windows contain little information, whereas aggregating over large time windows blurs the dynamics. Going from a temporal network to a meaningful evolving representation of a social network therefore remains a challenge. Here we introduce a framework to that purpose: transforming temporal network data into an evolving weighted network where the weights of the links between individuals are updated at every interaction. Most importantly, this transformation takes into account the interdependence of social relationships due to the finite attention capacities of individuals: each interaction between two individuals not only reinforces their mutual relationship but also weakens their relationships with others. We study a concrete example of such a transformation and apply it to several data sets of social interactions. Using temporal contact data collected in schools, we show how our framework highlights specificities in their structure and temporal organization. We then introduce a synthetic perturbation into a data set of interactions in a group of baboons to show that it is possible to detect a perturbation in a social group on a wide range of timescales and parameters. Our framework brings new perspectives to the analysis of temporal social networks.
SN 2017fgc: A Fast-Expanding Type Ia Supernova Exploded in Massive Shell Galaxy NGC 474
Creators: name: Zeng, Xiangyun
name: Wang, Xiaofeng
name: Esamdin, Ali
name: Pellegrino, Craig
name: Burke, Jamison
name: Stahl, Benjamin E.
name: Zheng, WeiKang
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Howell, D. Andrew
name: Sand, D. J.
name: Valenti, Stefano
name: Mo, Jun
name: Xi, Gaobo
name: Liu, Jialian
name: Zhang, Jujia
name: Li, Wenxiong
name: Iskandar, Abdusamatjan
name: Zhang, Mengfan
name: Lin, Han
name: Sai, Hanna
name: Xiang, Danfeng
name: Wei, Peng
name: Zhang, Tianmeng
name: Reichart, D. E.
name: Brink, Thomas G.
name: McCully, Curtis
name: Hiramatsu, Daichi
name: Hosseinzadeh, Griffin
name: Jeffers, Benjamin T.
name: Ross, Timothy W.
name: Stegman, Samantha
name: Wang, Lifan
name: Zhang, Jicheng
name: Ma, Shuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present extensive optical photometric and spectroscopic observations of the high-velocity (HV) Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2017fgc, covering the phase from $\sim$ 12 d before to $\sim 389$ d after maximum brightness. SN 2017fgc is similar to normal SNe Ia, with an absolute peak magnitude of $M_{\rm max}^{B} \approx$ $-19.32 \pm 0.13$ mag and a post-peak decline of $Δm_{15}(B)$ = $1.05 \pm 0.07$ mag. Its peak bolometric luminosity is derived as $1.32 \pm 0.13) \times 10^{43} $erg s$^{-1}$, corresponding to a $^{56}$Ni mass of $0.51 \pm 0.03 M_{\odot}$. The light curves of SN 2017fgc are found to exhibit excess emission in the $UBV$ bands in the early nebular phase and pronounced secondary shoulder/maximum features in the $RrIi$ bands. Its spectral evolution is similar to that of HV SNe Ia, with a maximum-light Si II velocity of $15,000 \pm 150 $km s$^{-1}$ and a post-peak velocity gradient of $\sim$ $120 \pm 10 $km s$^{-1} $d$^{-1}$. The Fe II and Mg II lines blended near 4300 Å and the Fe II, Si II, and Fe III lines blended near 4800 Å are obviously stronger than those of normal SNe Ia. Inspecting a large sample reveals that the strength of the two blends in the spectra, and the secondary peak in the $i/r$-band light curves, are found to be positively correlated with the maximum-light Si II velocity. Such correlations indicate that HV SNe~Ia may experience more complete burning in the ejecta and/or that their progenitors have higher metallicity. Examining the birthplace environment of SN 2017fgc suggests that it likely arose from a stellar environment with young and high-metallicity populations.
description: 30 pages, 21 figures, 5 tables
Grammatical and semantic elicitation: Complementation and attitude reports
Creators: name: Kipkoech, Linus
name: Bossi, Madeline
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: sgc

description: One .mp4 file and one .pdf file. Elicitation of complement-taking predicates meaning 'say' with and without kole. Elicitation of predicates that use complementation with kole and those that don't.
Μελέτη εξέλιξης του δικτύου των Ευρωπαϊκών χωρών εντός και εκτός οικονομικής ένωσης με ανταγωνιστικό οικονομικό πλεονέκτημα ως προς κατηγορίες εξαγωγικών προϊόντων, από το 1995 έως το 2014
Creators: name: Παπαθεοδώρου, Δανάη Θεόδωρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Δίκτυα Εξαγωγών
Μέτρα Κεντρικότητας
Αποκαλυπτόμενο Συγκριτικό Πλεονέκτημα
Exports Networks
Centrality Measures
Revealed Comparative Advantage

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας εργασίας αποτελεί η μελέτη της εξέλιξης του δικτύου εξαγωγών μεταξύ ευρωπαικών χωρών από το 1995 εως το 2014. Με χρήση δεδομένων ως προς τις εξαγωγές από το Στατιστικό Ινστιτούτο των Ηνωμένων Εθνών, υπολογίστηκαν οι τιμές δυο μακροοικονομικών δεικτών ως προς την τιμή των εξαγωγών κάθε Ευρωπαικής χώρας σε δεκα κατηγορίες προιόντων. Στη συνέχεια με την επιβολή δυο κατωφλιών τιμών σε καθε έναν από αυτούς, σχηματίστηκαν τα αντίστοιχα διμερή δίκτυα και έπειτα οι μη-σταθμισμένες προβολές αυτών ως προς τις χώρες εξαγωγής. Μελετήθηκαν οι τιμές assortativity και modularity καθώς και οι τιμές δεκαπέντε δεικτών κεντρικότητας για κάθε ένα από αυτα. Κατόπιν, με χρηση της μεθόδου Principal Component Analysis, προσδιορίστηκαν οι κεντρικότητες που περιείχαν τον μεγαλύτερο όγκο πληροφορίας, για κάθε δίκτυο. Τέλος, προσδιορίστηκαν οι κόμβοι που παρουσίασαν υψηλές τιμές κεντρικότητας στα δυο ειδών δίκτυα για κάθε χρόνο
description: Purpose of this thesis is the study the evolution of European exports’ network from 1995 until 2014. With the use of exports’ data from the United Nations’ Statistical Institute, two macroeconomic indexes have been calculated regarding the export values of every European country for 10 categories of goods. By a threshold imposure in both of them, the bipartite netwroks have been constructed and after that their countris’ binary projections. The values of assortativity and modularity have been calculated for each of them. Subsequently, with the use of Principal Component Analysis method, the centralities with the biggest amount of information have been determined, for each network. Finally, the nodes that appeared to be the most significant in both kinds of networks have been determined
T-duality with H-flux: non-commutativity, T-folds and G x G structure
Creators: name: Grange, Pascal
name: Schafer-Nameki, Sakura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various approaches to T-duality with NSNS three-form flux are reconciled. Non-commutative torus fibrations are shown to be the open-string version of T-folds. The non-geometric T-dual of a three-torus with uniform flux is embedded into a generalized complex six-torus, and the non-geometry is probed by D0-branes regarded as generalized complex submanifolds. The non-commutativity scale, which is present in these compactifications, is given by a holomorphic Poisson bivector that also encodes the variation of the dimension of the world-volume of D-branes under monodromy. This bivector is shown to exist in SU(3) x SU(3) structure compactifications, which have been proposed as mirrors to NSNS-flux backgrounds. The two SU(3)-invariant spinors are generically not parallel, thereby giving rise to a non-trivial Poisson bivector. Furthermore we show that for non-geometric T-duals, the Poisson bivector may not be decomposable into the tensor product of vectors.
description: 25 pages, LaTeX; v2: typos corrected, references added
Searching for continuous phase transitions in 5D SU(2) lattice gauge theory
Creators: name: Florio, Adrien
name: Lopes, João M. Viana P.
name: Matos, José
name: Penedones, João
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram of 5-dimensional $SU(2)$ Yang-Mills theory on the lattice. We consider two extensions of the fundamental plaquette Wilson action in the search for the continuous phase transition suggested by the $4+ε$ expansion. The extensions correspond to new terms in the action: i) a unit size plaquette in the adjoint representation or ii) a two-unit sided square plaquette in the fundamental representation. We use Monte Carlo to sample the first and second derivative of the entropy near the confinement phase transition, with lattices up to $12^{5}$. While we exclude the presence of a second order phase transition in the parameter space we sampled for model i), our data is not conclusive in some regions of the parameter space of model ii).
description: 18 pages, 12 figures. Added discussion on expected critical scaling and frustrated phase. Added references
Lexical and semantic elicitation: Nouns and verbal inflection
Creators: name: Yegon, Kiplangat
name: Bossi, Madeline
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: sgc

description: One .mp4 file and one .pdf file. Elicitation of family terms. Elicitation of epistemic indefinite nouns and their acceptability in various contexts.
Large time existence for 3D water-waves and asymptotics
Creators: name: Alvarez-Samaniego, Borys
name: Lannes, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We rigorously justify in 3D the main asymptotic models used in coastal oceanography, including: shallow-water equations, Boussinesq systems, Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) approximation, Green-Naghdi equations, Serre approximation and full-dispersion model. We first introduce a ``variable'' nondimensionalized version of the water-waves equations which vary from shallow to deep water, and which involves four dimensionless parameters. Using a nonlocal energy adapted to the equations, we can prove a well-posedness theorem, uniformly with respect to all the parameters. Its validity ranges therefore from shallow to deep-water, from small to large surface and bottom variations, and from fully to weakly transverse waves. The physical regimes corresponding to the aforementioned models can therefore be studied as particular cases; it turns out that the existence time and the energy bounds given by the theorem are always those needed to justify the asymptotic models. We can therefore derive and justify them in a systematic way.
description: Revised version of arXiv:math.AP/0702015 (notations simplified and remarks added) To appear in Inventiones
Moving mirrors, Page curves and bulk entropies in AdS$_2$
Creators: name: Reyes, Ignacio A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the entanglement of radiation in QFT has been a long standing challenge, with implications ranging from black hole thermodynamics to quantum information. We demonstrate how the case of the free fermion in $1 + 1$ dimensions reveals the details of the density matrix of the radiation produced by a moving mirror. Using the resolvent method rather than standard CFT techniques we derive the Rényi entropies, modular Hamiltonian and flow of the radiation, and determine when mirrors generate unitary transformations.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
A possible mechanism of ultrafast amorphization in phase-change memory alloys: an ion slingshot from the crystalline to amorphous position
Creators: name: Kolobov, A. V.
name: Mishchenko, A. S.
name: Fons, P.
name: Yakubenya, S. M.
name: Tominaga, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that the driving force of an ultrafast crystalline-to-amorphous transition in phase-change memory alloys are strained bonds existing in the (metastable) crystalline phase. For the prototypical example of GST, we demonstrate that upon breaking of long Ge-Te bond by photoexcitation Ge ion shot from an octahedral crystalline to a tetrahedral amorphous position by the uncompensated force of strained short bonds. Subsequent lattice relaxation stabilizes the tetrahedral surroundings of the Ge atoms and ensures the long-term stability of the optically induced phase.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Some aspects of electrical conduction in granular systems of various dimensions
Creators: name: Creyssels, Mathieu
name: Dorbolo, Stéphane
name: Merlen, Alexandre
name: Laroche, Claude
name: Castaing, Bernard
name: Falcon, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on measurements of the electrical conductivity in both a 2D triangular lattice of metallic beads and in a chain of beads. The voltage/current characteristics are qualitatively similar in both experiments. At low applied current, the voltage is found to increase logarithmically in a good agreement with a model of widely distributed resistances in series. At high enough current, the voltage saturates due to the local welding of microcontacts between beads. The frequency dependence of the saturation voltage gives an estimate of the size of these welded microcontacts. The DC value of the saturation voltage (~ 0.4 V per contact) gives an indirect measure of the number of welded contact carrying the current within the 2D lattice. Also, a new measurement technique provides a map of the current paths within the 2D lattice of beads. For an isotropic compression of the 2D granular medium, the current paths are localized in few discrete linear paths. This quasi-onedimensional nature of the electrical conductivity thus explains the similarity between the characteristics in the 1D and 2D systems.
description: To be published in The European Physical Journal E
Terahertz-Band Joint Ultra-Massive MIMO Radar-Communications: Model-Based and Model-Free Hybrid Beamforming
Creators: name: Elbir, Ahmet M.
name: Mishra, Kumar Vijay
name: Chatzinotas, Symeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wireless communications and sensing at terahertz (THz) band are increasingly investigated as promising short-range technologies because of the availability of high operational bandwidth at THz. In order to address the extremely high attenuation at THz, ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems have been proposed for THz communications to compensate propagation losses. However, the cost and power associated with fully digital beamformers of these huge antenna arrays are prohibitive. In this paper, we develop wideband hybrid beamformers based on both model-based and model-free techniques for a new group-of-subarrays (GoSA) ultra-massive MIMO structure in low-THz band. Further, driven by the recent developments to save the spectrum, we propose beamformers for a joint ultra-massive MIMO radar-communications system, wherein the base station serves multi-antenna user equipment (RX), and tracks radar targets by generating multiple beams toward both RX and the targets. We formulate the GoSA beamformer design as an optimization problem to provide a trade-off between the unconstrained communications beamformers and the desired radar beamformers. To mitigate the beam split effect at THz band arising from frequency-independent analog beamformers, we propose a phase correction technique to align the beams of multiple subcarriers toward a single physical direction. To further decrease the ultra-massive MIMO computational complexity and enhance robustness, we also implement deep learning solutions to the proposed model-based hybrid beamformers. Numerical experiments demonstrate that both techniques outperform the conventional approaches in terms of spectral efficiency and radar beampatterns, as well as exhibiting less hardware cost and computation time.
description: 17pages14figures. Accepted in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing
Examining the chiral geometry in 104Rh and 106Rh
Creators: name: Wang, S. Y.
name: Zhang, S. Q.
name: Qi, B.
name: Meng, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The criteria for chiral doublet bands based on one particle and one hole coupled to a triaxial rotor have been summarized. Two representative cases in $A\sim100$ odd-odd nuclei, nearly degenerate $ΔI =1$ doublet bands in $^{104}$Rh and $^{106}$Rh are checked against these chiral criteria. It is shown that $^{106}$Rh possesses better chiral geometry than $^{104}$Rh, although the energy near degeneracy is achieved in $^{104}$Rh in comparison with the constant energy separation of doublet bands in $^{106}$Rh.
Mechanism of Na-ionic conduction in the high efficient layered battery material Na2Mn3O7
Creators: name: Saha, Bikash
name: Bera, A. K.
name: Yusuf, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ionic conduction properties of the technologically important two-dimensional (2D) layered battery material Na2Mn3O7, with exceptional small-voltage hysteresis between charge and discharge curves, have been investigated as a function of temperature and frequency by an impedance spectroscopy. The detailed analyses of the impedance data in the form of dc-conductivity, ac-conductivity, electrical modulus, dielectric constant and complex polarizability reveal a long-range Na-ionic conductivity with negligible contribution from a local dipole relaxation. A significant enhancement (~10^4 times) of the Na-ion conductivity has been found with the increasing temperature from 353 K to 713 K. The temperature dependent conductivity reveals thermally activated conduction process with activation energies of 0.161 and 0.377 eV over the two temperature regions of 383-518 K and 518-713 K, respectively. AC conductivity study reveals a long-range hopping process for the conduction of charge carriers with a sharp increase of the hopping range at 518 K. The scaling study of the ac-conductivity reveals that the frequency-activated conductivity (above 10^4 Hz at 353 K) is mainly controlled by the critical frequency that increases with the increasing temperature. The Na-ion conduction in Na2Mn3O7 occurs predominantly by a correlated barrier hopping process. Besides, a correlation between ionic conduction and crystal structure has been established by x-ray and neutron diffraction study. We have further shown that the conductivity of Na2Mn3O7 can be enhanced by reduction of the stacking faults in the crystal structure. Our study facilitates the understanding of the microscopic ionic conduction mechanism in the highly efficient 2D battery material Na2Mn3O7 having high energy storage capacity and high structural stability, paving way for the discovery of materials for battery applications.
description: 33 pages, 14 figures
A photon breeding mechanism for the high-energy emission of relativistic jets
Creators: name: Stern, Boris E.
name: Poutanen, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a straightforward and efficient mechanism for the high-energy emission of relativistic astrophysical jets associated with an exchange of interacting high-energy photons between the jet and the external environment. Physical processes playing the main role in this mechanism are electron-positron pair production by photons and the inverse Compton scattering. This scenario has been studied analytically as well as with numerical simulations demonstrating that a relativistic jet (with the Lorentz factor larger than 3--4) moving through the sufficiently dense, soft radiation field inevitably undergoes transformation into a luminous state. The process has a supercritical character: the high-energy photons breed exponentially being fed directly by the bulk kinetic energy of the jet. Eventually particles feed back on the fluid dynamics and the jet partially decelerates. As a result, a significant fraction (at least 20 per cent) of the jet kinetic energy is converted into radiation mainly in the MeV -- GeV energy range. The mechanism maybe responsible for the bulk of the emission of relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei, microquasars and gamma-ray bursts.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures; MNRAS, in press
title: Néflier du Japon :
title: Principes directeurs pour la conduite de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Group identity.
New Varieties of Plants
Loquat

description: Ces principes directeurs (“principes directeurs d’examen”) visent à approfondir les principes énoncés dans l’introduction générale (document TG/1/3) et dans les documents TGP qui s’y rapportent afin de donner des indications concrètes détaillées pour l’harmonisation de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité (DHS) et, en particulier, à identifier des caractères convenant à l’examen DHS et à la production de descriptions variétales harmonisées.
Participatory artistic practices for a living city. Critical reading of the success, paradoxes and possibilities of the murals.
Creators: name: García-García, Antonio
name: López-Casado, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: FACTIBLES
Espacio público
Prácticas artísticas participativas

description: Oral presentation presented at the 35th International Geography Congress held in Dublin, August 24-30, 2024.

It presents part of the results of the research project "Participatory artistic practices for the appropriation of public space and the development of urban quality of life, FACTIBLES", (PID2020-118221RB-I00).
Analytic Plane Wave Solutions for the Quaternionic Potential Step
Creators: name: De Leo, Stefano
name: Ducati, Gisele C.
name: Madureira, Tiago M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the recent mathematical tools developed in quaternionic differential operator theory, we solve the Schroedinger equation in presence of a quaternionic step potential. The analytic solution for the stationary states allows to explicitly show the qualitative and quantitative differences between this quaternionic quantum dynamical system and its complex counterpart. A brief discussion on reflected and transmitted times, performed by using the stationary phase method, and its implication on the experimental evidence for deviations of standard quantum mechanics is also presented. The analytic solution given in this paper represents a fundamental mathematical tool to find an analytic approximation to the quaternionic barrier problem (up to now solved by numerical method).
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Sagittarius B1 -- A Patchwork of H II Regions and PhotoDissociation Regions
Creators: name: Simpson, Janet P.
name: Colgan, Sean W. J.
name: Cotera, Angela S.
name: Kaufman, Michael J.
name: Stolovy, Susan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sgr B1 is a luminous H II region in the Galactic Center immediately next to the massive star-forming giant molecular cloud Sgr B2 and apparently connected to it from their similar radial velocities. In 2018 we showed from SOFIA FIFI-LS observations of the [O III] 52 and 88 micron lines that there is no central exciting star cluster and that the ionizing stars must be widely spread throughout the region. Here we present SOFIA FIFI-LS observations of the [O I] 146 and [C II] 158 micron lines formed in the surrounding photodissociation regions (PDRs). We find that these lines correlate neither with each other nor with the [O III] lines although together they correlate better with the 70 micron Herschel PACS images from Hi-GAL. We infer from this that Sgr B1 consists of a number of smaller H II regions plus their associated PDRs, some seen face-on and the others seen more or less edge-on. We used the PDR Toolbox to estimate densities and the far-ultraviolet intensities exciting the PDRs. Using models computed with Cloudy, we demonstrate possible appearances of edge-on PDRs and show that the density difference between the PDR densities and the electron densities estimated from the [O III] line ratios is incompatible with pressure equilibrium unless there is a substantial pressure contribution from either turbulence or magnetic field or both. We likewise conclude that the hot stars exciting Sgr B1 are widely spaced throughout the region at substantial distances from the gas with no evidence of current massive star formation.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures. Accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
Renormalization of the baryon axial vector current in large-N_c chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Flores-Mendieta, Ruben
name: Hofmann, Christoph P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The baryon axial vector current is computed at one-loop order in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory in the large-N_c limit, where N_c is the number of colors. Loop graphs with octet and decuplet intermediate states cancel to various orders in N_c as a consequence of the large-N_c spin-flavor symmetry of QCD baryons. These cancellations are explicitly shown for the general case of N_f flavors of light quarks. In particular, a new generic cancellation is identified in the renormalization of the baryon axial vector current at one-loop order. A comparison with conventional heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory is performed at the physical values N_c=3, N_f=3.
description: REVTex4, 29 pages, 2 figures, 6 tables. Equations (32) and (81) corrected. Some typos fixed. Results and conclusions remain unchanged
Πρώτοι σε αριθμητικές προόδους. Tο θεώρημα του Dirichlet
Creators: name: Θεοδωρίδης, Χαράλαμπος Σάββα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Το θεώρημα του Dirichlet
L συναρτήσεις
Πρώτοι αριθμοί
The theorem of Dirichlet
L functions
Prime numbers

description: Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία παρουσιάζεται το θεώρημα του Dirichlet για τους πρώτους αριθμούς σε αριθμητικές προόδους. Ο τρόπος που χρησιμοποιείται για την απόδειξη είναι αρκετά στοιχειώδης. Για την κατανόηση της απόδειξης του συγκεκριμένου θεωρήματος απαιτούνται λιγότερες γνώσεις Ανάλυσης και Άλγεβρας σε σχέση με άλλες αποδείξεις
description: In the present master thesis the theorem of Dirichlet for prime numbers in arithmetic progressions is presented. The proof is elementary. For the understanding of this proof fewer expertise in Analysis and Algebra in contrast to other proof
Lattice gauge action suppressing near-zero modes of H_W
Creators: name: JLQCD Collaboration
name: Fukaya, H.
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Ishikawa, K. -I.
name: Kaneko, T.
name: Matsufuru, H.
name: Onogi, T.
name: Yamada, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a lattice action including unphysical Wilson fermions with a negative mass m_0 of the order of the inverse lattice spacing. With this action, the exact zero mode of the hermitian Wilson-Dirac operator H_W(m_0) cannot appear and near-zero modes are strongly suppressed. By measuring the spectral density rho(lambda_W), we find a gap near lambda_W=0 on the configurations generated with the standard and improved gauge actions. This gap provides a necessary condition for the proof of the exponential locality of the overlap-Dirac operator by Hernandez, Jansen, and Luescher. Since the number of near-zero modes is small, the numerical cost to calculate the matrix sign function of H_W(m_0) is significantly reduced, and the simulation including dynamical overlap fermions becomes feasible. We also introduce a pair of twisted mass pseudo-fermions to cancel the unwanted higher mode effects of the Wilson fermions. The gauge coupling renormalization due to the additional fields is then minimized. The topological charge measured through the index of the overlap-Dirac operator is conserved during continuous evolutions of gauge field variables.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures; a section added, the version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Homeomorphisms which are Dehn twists on the boundary
Creators: name: McCullough, Darryl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M99, 57R50

description: A homeomorphism of a 3-manifold M is said to be Dehn twists on the boundary when its restriction to the boundary of M is isotopic to the identity on the complement of a collection of disjoint simple closed curves in the boundary of M. In this paper, we give various results about such collections of curves and the associated homeomorphisms. In particular, if M is compact, orientable, irreducible and the boundary of M is a single torus, and M admits a homeomorphism which is a nontrivial Dehn twist on the boundary of M, then M must be a solid torus.
description: This is the version published by Algebraic & Geometric Topology on 20 September 2006
Springboard and bridge : a study of a career program and its mature women graduates
Creators: name: Morley, Jean A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: This is a study of a career program in a British Columbia two year post-secondary college and the program's mature women graduates. The writer is a graduate of the program, she worked in the field, and later became a member of the program's faculty. She acknowledges her subjectivity in that “she chooses a particular point of view from which to ask questions and a particular lens through which to see answers" (Gaskell 1192, 31). Gaskell's respect for the subjects of her studies, her studies of women's skills, and her analysis of individual educational programs provided the writer with understanding and models for this study. Examples from the literature of women's work use qualitative methods appropriate to this study, where the writer seeks not "the right or ultimate answer" (Wollcott 1991, 146) but rather an increase in understanding of the problem. A survey of graduates elicited information about their work and provided criteria for selecting twelve mature women graduates as participants in the study. Each took part in an in-depth interview and subsequent telephone conversations. Analysis of the interviews and study of the literature led to further development of the research question. The initial question centered on the skills used by the participants in the workplace and on the connections between these skills and the women's program, pre-program, and post-program education and experience. Analysis of the interviews led to an examination of the women's visible and invisible skills and re-directed the question towards the interaction between the program and the women’s working lives. The question became "What role did the program and its culture play in the women’s working lives?" Examination of the data emphasized the difference between institutional employment and self-employment; the continuous thread of experience and education woven through the women's lives; the importance of general education, particularly writing, for students in the career program; and the essential but devalued and unrecognised part played by the women's invisible skills, both in the program and their work. The program is indeed a bridge to a new workplace for the women graduates and it provides a model of that workplace's view of women's skills. The study concluded by recommending that the program and the college, rather than modelling society's blindness toward women’s skills, take a leadership role in affirming, recognising, and valuing them. The study recommended that research to acquire detailed information about graduates' careers, their work places, and the visible and invisible skills used by the graduates would provide valuable information for the program's future directions.
Hidden Symmetry of Vanishing Love
Creators: name: Charalambous, Panagiotis
name: Dubovsky, Sergei
name: Ivanov, Mikhail M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that perturbations of massless fields in the Kerr black hole background enjoy a hidden $SL(2,\mathbb{R})\times {U}(1)$ ("Love") symmetry in the properly defined near zone approximation. Love symmetry mixes IR and UV modes. Still, this approximate symmetry allows us to derive exact results about static tidal responses. Generators of the Love symmetry are globally well defined and have a smooth Schwarzschild limit. Generic regular solutions of the near zone Teukolsky equation form infinite-dimensional $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ representations. In some special cases ($\hat{\ell}$ parameter is an integer), these are highest weight representations. This is the situation that corresponds to vanishing Love numbers. In particular, static perturbations of four-dimensional Schwarzschild black holes belong to finite-dimensional representations. Other known facts about static Love numbers also acquire an elegant explanation in terms of the $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ representation theory.
description: v2: 8 pages, typos fixed, v3: minor improvements in presentation
Grammatical and semantic elicitation: Complementation and attitude reports
Creators: name: Kipkoech, Linus
name: Bossi, Madeline
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: sgc

description: One .mp4 file and one .pdf file. Elicitation of complement-taking predicates with various forms of kole. Elicitation of various readings of attitude predicates.
title: Ein unscheinbares Gefäss mit bunter Vergangenheit
Creators: name: Khoury, Anna
name: Aeschlimann, Michael
Publisher: name: Zentralbibliothek Zürich
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::940 Geschichte Europas::949 Geschichte anderer Teile Europas
subject: Niederhasli
subject: Mittelalter
subject: Archäologie
subject: Geschichte
subject: Kulturgeschichte
subject: Militärgeschichte
subject: Kirche
subject: Münze
subject: Religion

description: Bemerkenswertes erlebte das schlichte, graue Gefäss. Farbig glasiert machte es einst die Runde in der Kapelle Niederhasli, unterstützte die Kirche bei der Suche nach Geld und erlebte im Alten Zürichkrieg die Zerstörung des Gotteshauses sowie danach seinen Wiederaufbau.
Lexical and grammatical elicitation: Nouns and verbal inflection
Creators: name: Yegon, Kiplangat
name: Bossi, Madeline
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: sgc

description: One .mp4 file and one .pdf file. Elicitation of nouns for body parts, foods, and animals. Elicitation of verbal inflection for transitive verbs.
13_pieśni_na_pochwałę_wina.pdf
Creators: name: Olszewski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470519
subject: Literature in Japanese

description: Pierwszy polski przekład słynnej pieśni biesiadnej z antologii poezji starojapońskiej, Man'yoshu - 13 pieśni na pochwałę wina (autor: Otomo no Tabito, ok. 730 r.), który uwzględnia poetykę pieśni pijackiej.
On the Mahler measure of resultants in small dimensions
Creators: name: D'Andrea, Carlos
name: Lalin, Matilde N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G55, 11G50, 11G08, 14Q99

description: We prove that sparse resultants having Mahler measure equal to zero are those whose Newton polytope has dimension one. We then compute the Mahler measure of resultants in dimension two, and examples in dimension three and four. Finally, we show that sparse resultants are tempered polynomials. This property suggests that their Mahler measure may lead to special values of L-functions and polylogarithms.
description: 2 figures
Το Ad Martyras σύγγραμμα του Τερτυλλιανού
Creators: name: Ζήσης, Χαράλαμπος Πλούταρχου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Τερτυλλιανός
Χριστιανικό Μαρτύριο
Παρηγορητική-Προτρεπτική Επιστολή
Tertullian
Christian Martyrdom
Consolatory-Exhorting Letter

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η μεταφραστική και η ερμηνευτική προσέγγιση του συγγράμματος Ad Martyras του Τερτυλλιανού. Απαραίτητες προϋποθέσεις για αυτό αποτελούν τόσο η διαλεύκανση των θεολογικών απόψεων και των ρητορικών αρετών του εκκλησιαστικού συγγραφέα, όσο και τα ιστορικά, θεολογικά αλλά και κοινωνικά τεκταινόμενα της εποχής του. Το μαρτύριο στο οποίο προτρέπει ο Τερτυλλιανός τους αποδέκτες της παρηγορητικής-προτρεπτικής του επιστολής, φυλακισμένους χριστιανούς στις φυλακές της Καρχηδόνας, φωτίζεται εκτενώς ως θεολογικό ζήτημα. Από την εργασία βέβαια δεν λείπουν και πληροφορίες πραγματολογικού χαρακτήρα που πλαισιώνουν αυτό το ιστορικό και θεολογικό φαινόμενο
description: The purpose of this work is to translate and interpret Tertillian's Ad Martyras essay. Necessary preconditions for this are both the clarification of the theological views and rhetorical virtues of the ecclesiastical writer, as well as the historical, theological and social implications of his time. The martyrdom to which Tertullian urges the recipients of his consolatory-exhorting letter, imprisoned Christians in Carthage's prisons, is widely illuminated as a theological issue. Of course, there is not either any lack of factual information to frame this historical and theological phenomenon
Proton Mass Decomposition and Hadron Cosmological Constant
Creators: name: Liu, Keh-Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice results on sigma terms and global analysis of parton momentum fractions are used to give the quark and glue fractions of the proton mass and rest energy. The mass decomposition in terms of the trace of the energy-momentum tensor is renormalization group invariant. The decomposition of the rest energy from the Hamiltonian and the gravitational form factors are scheme and scale dependent. The separation of the energy-momentum tensor into the traceless part which is composed of the quark and glue parton momentum fractions and the trace part has the minimum scheme dependence. We identify the glue part of the trace anomaly $\langle H_β\rangle $ as the vacuum energy from the glue condensate in the vacuum. From the metric term of the gravitational form factors, which is the stress part of the stress-energy-momentum tensor, we find that the trace part of the rest energy, dominated by $\langle H_β\rangle$, gives a {\it constant} restoring pressure which balances that from the traceless part of the Hamiltonian to confine the hadron, much like the cosmological constant Einstein introduced for a static universe. From a lattice calculation of $\langle H_β\rangle$ in the charmonium, we deduce the associated string tension which turns out to be in good agreement with that from a Cornell potential which fits the charmonium spectrum.
description: Version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Το αδίκημα της προδοσίας στην κλασική Αθήνα
Creators: name: Σιούτα, Παρασκευή Σπυρίδωνος
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Προδοσία
Κλασική Αθήνα
Δημοκρατία
Treason
Classical Athens
Democracy

description: Στόχος της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η μελέτη του αδικήματος της προδοσίας στην κλασική Αθήνα, εστιάζει δηλαδή στο αττικό δίκαιο της δημοκρατικής Αθήνας των πέμπτου και τετάρτου αιώνων π.Χ.. Αρχικά παρουσιάζονται, μέσα από ιστορικά παραδείγματα, όλες οι μορφές και εκφάνσεις του εν λόγω αδικήματος, καθώς η προδοσία κατά το αττικό δίκαιο στοιχειοθετούνταν μέσω περισσότερων αυτοτελών αδικημάτων, με σοβαρότερο αυτό της ανατροπής του δημοκρατικού πολιτεύματος. Ακολούθως, εξετάζονται οι διαφορετικοί τρόποι δίωξης των υπόπτων τέλεσης του αδικήματος της προδοσίας, εντός ή και εκτός της δικαστικής οδού, καθώς ο κατήγορος είχε στη διάθεσή του δεκάδες νόμων και ψηφισμάτων για συγκεκριμένες αξιόποινες πράξεις, εκ των οποίων μπορούσε να επιλέξει τον πλέον κατάλληλο. Η μελέτη του αδικήματος της προδοσίας συμπληρώνεται από την προσήκουσα εξέταση των προβλεπόμενων από το αττικό δίκαιο ποινών, εκ των οποίων δεν λείπει η ιδιάζουσα περίπτωση της θέσης εκτός νόμου του παραβάτη, όπου ο καθένας είχε το δικαίωμα να εκτελέσει ατιμωρητί τον παραβάτη. Καταληκτικά διαπιστώνεται η έντονη απέχθεια των Αθηναίων για τους προδότες της πόλεως και του δημοκρατικού πολιτεύματός της, η οποία (απέχθεια) εξωτερικεύονταν αφ’ ενός με τις ποικίλες νομοθετικές προβλέψεις για εγγυητικούς μηχανισμούς προστασίας των αγαθών αυτών και αφ’ ετέρου με τα πολλά και διαφορετικά προβλεπόμενα από το νόμο κατασταλτικά μέτρα, ενάντια στους ζώντες αλλά και στους ήδη νεκρούς
description: The purpose of the thesis is to examine the crime of treason in Athens during the classical era, focusing on Attic law in democratic Athens of the fifth and fourth centuries BC. At first there is an effort, by the use of historical examples, to present all forms and manifestations of the crime itself, since betrayal in Attic law was established through more independent crimes, the most serious of which being the coup against the democratic system. In a second part, there is an effort to examine the different ways of prosecuting those suspected of committing the crime of treason, within or outside the judicial process, as the prosecutor had an arsenal of dozens of laws and resolutions on specific offenses of which he could choose the most appropriate to apply to the specific case. A part is also dedicated in the examination of the penalties for the crime of treason as provided in Attic law, among which rests the particular case of the automatic “outlaw-ing” of the offender that qualifies every Athenian to become (at that moment) a quasi-judge and executioner of the lawbreaker. As a conclusion the thesis strives to present the strong repugnance of the Athenians towards the offenders that attempt to betray the city and its democratic system, evidence of which is present in multiple legislative texts that provide for safeguards together with different statutory repressive measures against the living as well as the deceased
Trainless Model Performance Estimation for Neural Architecture Search
Creators: name: Gracheva, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural architecture search has become an indispensable part of the deep learning field. Modern methods allow to find one of the best performing architectures, or to build one from scratch, but they typically make decisions based on the trained accuracy information. In the present article we explore instead how the architectural component of a neural network affects its prediction power. We focus on relationships between the trained accuracy of an architecture and its accuracy prior to training, by considering statistics over multiple initialisations. We observe that minimising the coefficient of variation of the untrained accuracy, $CV_{U}$, consistently leads to better performing architectures. We test the $CV_{U}$ as a neural architecture search scoring metric using the NAS-Bench-201 database of trained neural architectures. The architectures with the lowest $CV_{U}$ value have on average an accuracy of $91.90 \pm 2.27$, $64.08 \pm 5.63$ and $38.76 \pm 6.62$ for CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100 and a downscaled version of ImageNet, respectively. Since these values are statistically above the random baseline, we make a conclusion that a good architecture should be stable against weights initialisations. It takes about $190$ s for CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 and $133.9$ s for ImageNet16-120 to process $100$ architectures, on a batch of $256$ images, with $100$ initialisations.