cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
BUYUK BOBURIYLAR SALTANATINING SO'NGGI HUKMDORI BAHODIRSHOH II NING ADABIY KECHALARI VA SHOIR MIRZO G'OLIB
Creators: name: Sherxon QORAYEV, Qarshi irrigatsiya va agrotexnologiyalar instituti dotsenti (PhD).
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Boburiy ijodkorlar safiga  bu sulolaning so‘nggi hukmdori bo‘lgan,[1] “so‘fiy pir va shoir sifatida shuhrat qozongan”[2]  Bahodirshoh II ni qo‘shishimiz mumkin.[3] Sirojiddin Abulmuzaffar Muhammad Bahodirshoh II (1775-1862) urdu va fors tillarida Zafar taxallusi bilan ijod qilgan. Vatanni qo‘msash, achchiq qismat aks etgan g‘azallari Hindiston va Birmada mashhur bo‘lgan.[4] Abdumajid Azimovning yozishicha, “Bahodirshohdan salmoqli ijodiy meros qolgan.

[1] Qorayev Sh. So‘nggi boburiy hukmdorning shoirlik qismati.//-Qarshi, Sanduvoch, 2023 yil 23 oktyabr.-№ 19(496).-B.3; Qorayev Sh. Bobur va boburiy ijodkorlar tarixi.//International journal of scientific researchers. Impakt Faktor. 7.293. https:// worldyjournals. com/ index. php/ IJSR/ article/view/3286. –Toshkent, Vol.5, No. 2 (2024).-P.763-814.

[2] http://m.xabar.uz/jamiyat/songgi-temuriy-imperatorning

[3] https://kh-davron.uz/yangiliklar/muborak-kin/bobur-mirzoning-ijodkor-avlodlari..html

[4] Zahiriddin Muhammad Bobur ensiklopediyasi. T.: “Sharq” NMAK BT, 2014.-B. 85-86.
Podiumsdiskussion zu Menschenrechten und Bürgergesellschaft in Südasien- ein Tagungsbericht
Creators: name: Clemens, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2024

description: Südasien, Bd. 17 Nr. 6 (1997): 1947-1997: 50 Jahre Unabhängigkeit
Opinions of Japanese and American ALS caregivers regarding tracheostomy with invasive ventilation (TIV)
Creators: name: Mitsumoto, Hiroshi
name: Christodoulou, Georgia
name: Goetz, Raymond
name: Ogino, Mieko
name: Rabkin, Judith
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences

description: Our objective was to learn more about possible factors contributing to the higher rates of tracheostomy with invasive ventilation (TIV) for ALS patients in Japan compared with the United States by eliciting attitudes of caregivers of ALS patients in both countries. One hundred and fifty-four American caregivers from five, geographically-distributed ALS clinics and 66 Japanese caregivers from six sites in Japan completed questionnaires regarding TIV. Results showed that 33% of American caregivers were in favor of TIV for their family member compared to 53% of Japanese caregivers; 44% of American and 37% of Japanese caregivers were undecided; and 22% of American and 10% of Japanese caregivers were opposed (p
My research statement on mangroves in Abu Dhabi, UAE.
Creators: name: Ussenaliyeva, Aizhan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310302
subject: Community ecology (excl. invasive species ecology)
classificationCode: 310304
subject: Freshwater ecology
classificationCode: 310301
subject: Behavioural ecology
classificationCode: 380304
subject: Microeconomic theory
classificationCode: 410401
subject: Conservation and biodiversity
classificationCode: 410402
subject: Environmental assessment and monitoring
classificationCode: 410403
subject: Environmental education and extension
classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management
classificationCode: 410406
subject: Natural resource management
classificationCode: 410407
subject: Wildlife and habitat management
classificationCode: 410405
subject: Environmental rehabilitation and restoration

description: My recent research statement on mangroves in Abu Dhabi, UAE.
Patients with giant cell arteritis have a lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Patompong Ungprasert
name: Sikarin Upala
name: Anawin Sanguankeo
name: Warrington, Kenneth J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients who are recently diagnosed with giant cell arteritis (GCA) with age- and sex-matched controls. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that (1) consisted of GCA cohort and non-GCA cohort that was randomly selected from the same population and (2) provided prevalences of DM at the time of diagnosis for patients with GCA and at the index date for controls. Pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effect, Mantel–Haenszel analysis. Results: Five studies with 903 patients with GCA and 1064 controls were identified and included in our data analysis. We demonstrated a statistically significant lower prevalence of DM among patients with GCA with the pooled OR of 0.74 (95% CI, 0.57–0.97). Conclusion: At diagnosis, patients with GCA had a lower prevalence of DM. Whether DM could be a protective factor against the development of GCA needs further investigations.
ATTRIBUTIONS OF PRIMARY CARE FOR THE HEALTH OF PEOPLE WITH STOMATIONS: SCOPING REVIEW
Creators: name: de Castro, Larissa
name: Moraes, Juliano
name: de Carvalho, Giovanna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: assistência de enfermagem
subject: atenção primária à saúde
subject: estratégia saúde da família
subject: ostomia
subject: promoção da saúde

description: É essencial que a atenção básica e os profissionais de saúde precisam desenvolver estratégias e ações de saúde de modo a promover meios para auxílio e acompanhamento dos usuários com estoma. Nesse contexto é importante que a atenção básica se empodere e conheça as atribuições na atenção à saúde da pessoa com estomias. Sendo assim surge a pergunta de pesquisa: Quais as atribuições encontradas na literatura da atenção primária em saúde a pessoa com estomia?
Controlled release effervescent buccal discs of buspirone hydrochloride: in vitro and in vivo evaluation studies
Creators: name: A. Jaipal
name: M. M Pandey
name: S. Y. Charde
name: N. Sadhu
name: A. Srinivas
name: R. G. Prasad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: In the present study controlled release effervescent buccal discs of buspirone hydrochloride (BS) were designed using HPMC as rate controlling and bioadhesive polymer by direct compression method. Sodium bicarbonate and citric acid were used in varying amounts as effervescence forming agents. Carbon dioxide evolved due to reaction of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid was explored for its potential as buccal permeation enhancer. The designed buccal discs were evaluated for physical characteristics and in vitro drug release studies. Bioadhesive behavior of designed buccal discs was assessed using texture analyzer. In vivo animal studies were performed in rabbits to study bioavailability of BS in the designed buccal discs and to establish permeation enhancement ability of carbon dioxide. It was observed that effervescent buccal discs have faster drug release compared to non-effervescent buccal discs in vitro and effervescent buccal discs demonstrated significant increase in bioavailability of drug when compared to non-effervescent formulation. Hence, effervescent buccal discs can be used as an alternative to improve the drug permeation resulting in better bioavailability. However, the amount of acid and base used for generation of carbon dioxide should be selected with care as this may damage the integrity of bioadhesive dosage form.
A retrospective study of 23 cases with subacute combined degeneration
Creators: name: Jiasi Li
name: Ren, Ming
name: Aisheng Dong
name: Yuncheng Wu
name: Han, Ning
name: Benqiang Deng
name: Xiaoying Bi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Hematology
Computational Biology

description: Purpose: To study retrospectively the diverse presentations, ancillary tests and neuroimaging in patients with subacute combined degeneration (SCD). Methods: Twenty-three Chinese patients with SCD were included in this study. The clinical presentations and laboratory data including comprehensive metabolic panel, serum folic acid, vitamin B12 levels, gastroscopy and images of spinal cord on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were evaluated. Rating scales for localizations of lesions and functional disabilities were used to define the severity of neurological impairment. Results: No difference was found between men and women in the age of disease onset. For most of the patients, sensory symptoms, oftentimes as initial symptoms, occurred earlier than motor symptoms. The signs of the disease were more obvious than the symptoms. Six patients had sensory deficit levels mimicking transverse myelopathy. Anemia was not always detected in our patients with SCD. Normal or even elevated serum levels of vitamin B12 were found in seven patients. Spinal cord lesions on MRI were observed in six patients and the clinical and neuroimaging findings were not necessarily consistent. Conclusions: The sensory symptoms occur earlier than the motor symptoms in SCD patients. SCD patients may have sensory deficit level. Normal or even elevated serum levels of vitamin B12 may occur in patients with SCD.
FSHR antagonists can trigger a PCOS-like state
Creators: name: Waghu, Faiza Hanif
name: Desai, Karishma
name: Srinivasan, Sumana
name: Prabhudesai, Kaushiki S.
name: Dighe, Vikas
name: Venkatesh, Kareenhalli V.
name: Idicula-Thomas, Susan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Over the recent years, FSHR has become an important target for development of fertility regulating agents, as impairment of FSH-FSHR interaction can lead to subfertility or infertility. In our previous study, we identified a 9-mer peptide (FSHβ (89–97)) that exhibited FSHR antagonist activity. The histopathological and biochemical observations indicated, in addition to FSHR antagonism, a striking resemblance to a PCOS-like state. These observations led us to hypothesize that use of FSHR antagonists can trigger a PCOS-like state. In the present study, to validate this hypothesis, we performed qRT-PCR validation using ovarian tissue samples from our previous study. Expression of three genes known to be differentially expressed in PCOS was evaluated and found to be similar to the PCOS state. To further test the hypothesis, theoretical simulations were carried out by using the human menstrual cycle model available in the literature. Model simulations for FSHR antagonism were indicative of increased testosterone levels, increased ratio of luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone, and stockpiling of secondary follicles, which are typical characteristics of PCOS. The findings of this study will be relevant while reviewing the utility of FSHR antagonists for fertility regulation and reproductive medicine. Abbreviations: FSH: Follicle-stimulating hormone; FSHR: Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor; cAMP: Cyclic adenosine 3’5’ monophosphate; PKA: Protein kinase A; PI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PKB: protein kinase B; ERK1/2: Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2; MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinases; T: testosterone; E2: estradiol; PCOS: Polycystic ovarian syndrome; LH: luteinizing hormone; Lhcgr: luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor; CYP17A1: cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1; Inhba: inhibin subunit beta A; qRT-PCR: Real-Time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; FSHβ: Follicle-stimulating hormone β subunit; Ct: Cycle threshold; Rn18s: Rattus norvegicus 18S ribosomal RNA
Validation of the Spanish version of the Pediatric Asthma Caregiver Quality of Life Questionnaire (PACQLQ) in a population of Hispanic children
Creators: name: Nino, Gustavo
name: Rodríguez-Martínez, Carlos E.
name: Sossa-Briceño, Monica P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Science Policy
Biological Sciences
Cell Biology
Medicine

description: Objective: The Paediatric Asthma Caregiver's Quality of Life Questionnaire (PACQLQ) is intended to measure the impact of children's asthma on their parents/caregiver's QoL. However, there are no formal validation studies of the Spanish version of PACQLQ. Methods: In a prospective cohort validation study, asthmatic children aged between 7 and 17 years and their parents, attended both a baseline and a follow-up visit 2–6 weeks later. In these two visits, we gathered the necessary data for assessing the criterion validity, construct validity, test–retest reliability, sensitivity to change, internal consistency and usability of the PACQLQ. Results: At baseline, PACQLQ scores were significantly different between patients with controlled, partly controlled and uncontrolled asthma (median [IQR] 78.0 [61.0–85.0], 71.0 [37.0–76.0] and 48.0 [40.7–55.0], respectively, p p p Conclusions: The Spanish version of the PACQLQ has adequate construct validity, adequate sensitivity to change, good internal consistency, excellent test–retest reliability and good usability when employed in children aged between 7 and 17 years with physician-diagnosed asthma.
The impact of discussing exercise test results of young asthmatic children on adherence to maintenance medication
Creators: name: R. Visser
name: M. Brusse-Keizer
name: J. Van Der Palen
name: T. Klok
name: B. J. Thio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: Objective: Parents’ awareness of their child’s asthma may improve by discussing an exercise challenge test (ECT) result with them. We investigated the influence of discussing an ECT result with parents on adherence to inhaled maintenance medication, parental illness perceptions and medication beliefs in young asthmatic children. Methods: A total of 79 children, 4–7 years old and enrolled in our standard comprehensive asthma care program, performed an ECT to assess exercise induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). The result of the ECT was immediately discussed with the parents. Median medication adherence level was measured with electronic medication loggers from six weeks before the ECT till six weeks afterwards. Parental beliefs about medicines and illness perceptions were measured with the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) and the Brief Illness Perceptions Questionnaire (B-IPQ). Results: The median baseline adherence level was high (83%) and showed a small significant decline after the ECT. There was no significant difference in the decrease in median adherence level between the children with or without EIB. Most parents (82.1%) showed a positive necessity–concern ratio at baseline, as measured with the BMQ. There was no clinical relevant change in medication concerns and necessity scores or in illness perceptions. Conclusion: Discussing ECT results with parents does not modify median adherence levels to inhaled maintenance medication nor medication beliefs of highly adherent young asthmatic children who are already enrolled in a comprehensive asthma care program.
Pareto optimization of TIG welding process for joining the bell metal
Creators: name: Sarkar, Pranay Kumar
name: Kakoty, Sashindra Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The bell metal parts are joined by riveting and brazing, which are not well accepted. The industry, therefore, has a high demand for suitable joining techniques. In this study, TIG welding process was used for joining the bell metal parts. The regressions equations between the welding input parameters and weldment qualities have been obtained based on the response surface method (RSM). The regression models were solved by using multi-objective optimization algorithm. Then using the Pareto optimal front, different sets of optimized TIG welding parameters have been recommended for producing the bell metal weldments for various applications. Again, the mechanical properties and microstructure of the bell metal weldments at optimized conditions have been investigated. The result shows that the TIG welding process has the capability to successfully produce the bell metal joints. It is expected that this study will open up new market avenues for the industry.
Comparative Acuity of Emergency Department Visits Following Pregnancy Outcomes Among Medicaid Eligible Women, 2004-2015
Creators: name: Studnicki, James
name: Fisher, John W.
name: Longbons Cox, Tessa
name: Skop, Ingrid
name: Harrison, Donna
name: Cirucci, Christina
name: Reardon, David
name: Craver, Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Introduction: There is a lack of consensus on the acuity of emergency department (ED) visits following induced abortion. We applied elements of a standard scaling system for determining Medicare and Medicaid payments to compare the acuity of ED visits following different pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: We applied an acuity measure using five Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes to ED visits: nonurgent (99281), urgent (99282), moderate (99283), severe (99284), and critical (99285). Four comparative cohorts were established: visits within 30 days of a chemical abortion, surgical abortion, live birth, or a visit at any time for a woman never pregnant.

Results: All cohorts were significantly Chi-squared for trend (Cochran-Armitage test). Odds ratios with never-pregnant as reference (95% confidence): chemical abortion, OR 2.01; surgical abortion, OR 1.53; live birth, OR 1.01. Odds ratios with chemical abortion as the reference: never-pregnant, OR 0.48; live birth, OR 0.52; surgical abortion, OR 0.73.

Conclusion: Between 2004-2015, ED visits by Medicaid enrollees following a chemical abortion were significantly and persistently more severe and complex than visits within 30 days following a surgical abortion, live birth, or by never-pregnant women at any time.
Characterizing the severe asthma population in the United States: claims-based analysis of three treatment cohorts in the year prior to treatment escalation
Creators: name: Campbell, Jonathan D.
name: Sullivan, Patrick W.
name: Ghushchyan, Vahram H.
name: Globe, Gary
name: Lange, Jeff
name: J. Michael Woolley
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Medicine

description: Objectives: Little is known about the disposition of severe patients prior to treatment escalation. To classify patients by treatment step using pharmacy data and describe their economic and healthcare utilization, insurance status, and sociodemographic characteristics in the year prior to escalation to Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) steps 4 and 5. Methods: This was a retrospective claims cohort study of asthma patients (age 12–75 years) newly initiated on “stable therapy” (three consecutive months of therapy) with omalizumab, high intensity corticosteroids (HICS; ≥1000 µg/d inhaled fluticasone equivalent or oral prednisone), or high-dose inhaled corticosteroid (HDICS; ≥500–<1000 µg/d fluticasone equivalent) from 2002 to 2011. Other asthma treatments were compared as a reference. Results: Of 25 297 patients, 856 initiated omalizumab, 6926 initiated HICS, and 11 445 initiated HDICS. In the year prior to treatment escalation to omalizumab, HICS, and HDICS, respectively, individuals had high annual mean medical expenditures ($14 071, $12 030, and $7570), utilization (27 outpatient and 10 specialty care visits; 19 outpatient and three specialty; 15 outpatient and two specialty), asthma-related prescription drugs (11.74, 7.8, and 5.17) and chronic comorbidities (2.68, 2.67, and 2.19). Prior to omalizumab treatment, patients were more likely to be salaried, full-time employees with commercial PPO/POS insurance. Conclusions: Prior to escalating treatment to GINA steps 4 and 5, individuals experienced significant annual medical expenditures, healthcare resource utilization and polypharmacy burden, which may reflect poorly controlled asthma and the need to escalate treatment. Medical claims data and utilization-based measures may be helpful in classifying individuals by GINA treatment step.
The Development of Supervision Model to Enhance Research Competencies of Basic Education Teachers in Thailand: The Incasing of the Chonburi-Rayong Secondary Educational Service Area Office
Creators: name: Saharat Laksanasut
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2022
Subjects: Supervision Model
SAHARAT Supervisory Model
Research Competencies
Basic Education Teachers
Thailand

description: International Journal of Sociologies and Anthropologies Science Reviews, 2, 2, 61-70
Synthesis of PEO-based di-block glycopolymers at various pendant spacer lengths of glucose moiety and their in-vitro biocompatibility with MC3T3 osteoblast cells
Creators: name: Mummuluri Trinadh
name: Kannan Govindaraj
name: Vundadi Santosh
name: Marshal Dhayal
name: Annadanam V. Sesha Sainath
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Di-block copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and glycopolymers at three different pendant spacer lengths of glucose moiety were synthesized by deacetylation of pendant moieties of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-d-glucopyranosides which were prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) process. The water soluble deacetylated copolymers, PEO-b-poly(acryl-d-glucopyranoside) (PEO-b-PAG, 2a), PEO-b-poly[4′-(acryloxy)butyl-d-glucopyranoside] (PEO-b-PABG, 2b), and PEO-b-poly[6′-(acryloxy)hexyl-d-glucopyranoside] (PEO-b-PAHG, 2c) were characterized in comparison with acetylated copolymers by spectroscopic and gel permeation chromatography methods. In order to assess the biocompatibility of these three di-block copolymers, the adhesion (%), viability (%), and proliferation assays were carried out in MC3T3 cells in-vitro at different concentrations from 10 nM to 1000 μM. Qualitative analysis of cell cytoskeletal organization was obtained by immunostaining with talin and integrin α5. It was clearly indicative of well spreading of cells in the presence of all glycopolymers at lower concentrations but with an increase in the concentration (10 and 100 μM) showed significant change in the cell surface morphologies, despite having good cell adhesion and viability as compared to the control conditions. The use of di-block glycolpolymers at ≤ 100 μM of the concentration showed very good osteoblast cells adhesion and viability response; however at higher concentrations (1000 μM) of glycopolymers > 80% of cells lost their viability.
title: Τα Επίπεδα των Βιοχημικών Δεικτών σε Ασθενείς με Covid - 19
title: Biomedical Markers in Patients with Covid-19
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Χαχούδη, Βασιλική
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2024
Subjects: Covid-19
Crp
Ldh
Pct

description: Μελέτη των βιοχημικών δεικτών CRP, LDH και PCT σε ασθενείς με επιβεβαιωμένη νόσηση από Covid-19. Παρατηρήθηκε η εξέλιξη της νόσου σε ασθενείς που εισήλθαν στα επείγοντα περιστατικά του νοσοκομείου Γ. Ν. Α. Ευαγγελισμός με βαριά συμπτώματα.
Superbasic system CsOH/DMSO as a reagent for a fast one-step synthesis of symmetrical dialkyl trithiocarbonates
Creators: name: Yousefi, Ali
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biochemistry

description: Symmetrical dialkyl trithiocarbonates were readily synthesized in excellent yields by one-step reaction of carbon disulfide and various alkyl halides under mild reaction conditions in the presence of cesium hydroxide as a super basic system. This method provides a synthesis of symmetrical dialkyl trithiocarbonates in short reaction times without the use of highly toxic starting materials.
Datasets, sample descriptions and codes from Building bridges between natural and social science disciplines: a standardized methodology to combine data on ecosystem quality trends
Creators: name: Richter, I.
name: Roberts, B. R.
name: Sailley, S. F.
name: Sullivan, E.
name: Cheung, V. V.
name: Eales, J.
name: Fortnam, M.
name: Jontila, J. B.
name: Maharja, C.
name: Nguyen, T. Ha.
name: Pahl, S.
name: Praptiwi, R. A.
name: Sugardjito, J.
name: Sumeldan, J. D. C.
name: Syazwan, W. M.
name: Then, A. Y.
name: Austen, M. C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Despite a growing interest in interdisciplinary research, systematic ways of how to integrate data from different disciplines are still scarce. We argue that successful resource management relies on two key data sources: natural science data, which represents ecosystem structure and processes, and social science data, which describes people's perceptions and understanding. Both are vital, mutually complementing information sources that can underpin the development of feasible and effective policies and management interventions. To harvest the added value of combined knowledge, a uniform scaling system is needed. In this paper, we propose a standardized methodology to connect and explore different types of quantitative data from the natural and social sciences reflecting temporal trends in ecosystem quality. We demonstrate this methodology with different types of data such as fisheries stocks and mangrove cover on the one hand and community's perceptions on the other. The example data are collected from three UNESCO Biosphere reserves and one marine park in Southeast Asia. To easily identify patterns of convergence or divergence among the datasets, we propose heat maps using colour codes and icons for language- and education-independent understandability. Finally, we discuss the limitations as well as potential implications for resource management and the accompanying communication strategies.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Nurturing resilient marine ecosystems’.
Features of the biotechnologically relevant polyamide family “cyanophycins” and their biosynthesis in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Creators: name: Frommeyer, Maja
name: Wiefel, Lars
name: Steinbüchel, Alexander
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Microbiology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry

description: Cyanophycin, inclusions in cyanobacteria discovered by the Italian scientist Borzi in 1887, were characterized as a polyamide consisting of aspartic acid and arginine. Its synthesis in cyanobacteria was analyzed regarding growth conditions, responsible gene product, requirements, polymer structure and properties. Heterologous expression of diverse cyanophycin synthetases (CphA) in Escherichia coli enabled further enzyme characterization. Cyanophycin is a polyamide with variable composition and physiochemical properties dependent on host and cultivation conditions in contrast to the extracellular polyamides poly-γ-glutamic acid and poly-ε-l-lysine. Furthermore, recombinant prokaryotes and transgenic eukaryotes, including plants expressing different cphA genes, were characterized as suitable for production of insoluble cyanophycin regarding higher yields and modified composition for other requirements and applications. In addition, cyanophycin was characterized as a source for the synthesis of polyaspartic acid or N-containing bulk chemicals and dipeptides upon chemical treatment or degradation by cyanophycinases, respectively. Moreover, water-soluble cyanophycin derivatives with altered amino acid composition were isolated from transgenic plants, yeasts and recombinant bacteria. Thereby, the range of dipeptides could be extended by biological processes and by chemical modification, thus increasing the range of applications for cyanophycin and its dipeptides, including agriculture, food supplementations, medical and cosmetic purposes, synthesis of the polyacrylate substitute poly(aspartic acid) and other applications.
Public preferences for wind, fracking and nuclear energy in England and Scotland : a choice experiment approach
Creators: name: Almeziad, Deema
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public preferences
subject: Willingness to pay
subject: Energy sources
subject: Wind energy
subject: Choice experiment
subject: Choice modelling
subject: TJ807.G7A6
subject: Renewable energy sources--Great Britain
subject: Energy policy--Citizen participation--Great Britain
subject: Wind power--Great Britain
subject: Hydraulic fracturing--Great Britain
subject: Nuclear energy--Great Britain

description: This study assesses public preferences for alternative electricity generation technologies in England and Scotland, in the context of the global challenge of climate change and the current policy debate in the UK. Specifically, the study aims to provide an insight into the factors that could potentially influence the acceptability of four energy sources (onshore wind, offshore wind, fracking and nuclear energy). The preference heterogeneity is then examined with regard to observable and unobservable factors (socio-demographic and place of residence characteristics, and environmental attitudes). The choice experiment method is employed in this research to elicit preferences for future energy policy targeting environmental and climate change conditions. Through an online survey, data are collected and completed by 986 respondents residing in England and Scotland. Three choice modelling techniques are used for analysis: multinomial and mixed logit models; latent class model; and hybrid mixed model. The results show a significantly positive willingness to pay for both onshore and offshore wind energy technologies and a significantly negative willingness to pay for fracking and nuclear energy. These general results are however heterogeneous and depend to a certain extent on socio­demographic characteristics, especially age, education, income and environmental organisation membership. Furthermore, environmental attitudes (considered as three dimensions: cognitive, affective and behavioural) toward the environment and climate change emerge as significant predictors of energy sources preferences. The results also show that English and Scottish public preferences need not be considered separately, as most of the differences between them are not statistically significant. Overall, the findings of this research are useful for designing optimal future energy and climate change policies, as well as raising the public acceptability for the development of alternative energy projects in England and Scotland.
A global and regional view of the opportunity for climate-smart mariculture - Supplementary Information
Creators: name: Alleway, Heidi K.
name: Jones, Alice R.
name: Theuerkauf, Seth J.
name: Jones, Robert C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: Food systems and the communities they support are increasingly challenged by climate change and the need to arrest escalating threats through mitigation and adaptation. To ensure climate change mitigation strategies can be implemented effectively and to support substantial gains in greenhouse gas emissions reduction, it is, therefore, valuable to understand where climate-smart strategies might be used for best effect. We assessed mariculture in 171 coastal countries for vulnerabilities to climate change (12 indicators) and opportunities to deliver climate mitigation outcomes (nine indicators). We identified Northern America and Europe as having comparatively lower regional vulnerability and higher opportunity for impact on climate mitigation. Australia, Canada, France, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, New Zealand, Norway and the United States of America were identified as well-positioned to advance strategies linked to mariculture. However, the nature of vulnerabilities and opportunities within and between all regions and countries varied, due to the formation of existing mariculture, human development factors and governance capacity. Our analysis demonstrates that global discussion will be valuable to motivating climate-smart approaches associated with mariculture, but to ensure these solutions contribute to a resilient future, for industry, ecosystems and communities, local adaptation will be needed to address constraints and leverage local prospects.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Nurturing resilient marine ecosystems’.
Electronic Supplementary Material from Present and future distribution of bat hosts of sarbecoviruses: implications for conservation and public health
Creators: name: Muylaert, Renata L.
name: Kingston, Tigga
name: Luo, Jinhong
name: Vancine, Maurício Humberto
name: Galli, Nikolas
name: Carlson, Colin J.
name: John, Reju Sam
name: Rulli, Maria Cristina
name: Hayman, David T. S.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional figures, tables, and animations.
Novel regulation of aflatoxin B1 biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus by piperonal
Creators: name: Kim, Ho Jin
name: Lee, Sung-Eun
name: Park, Eun-Sil
name: Bae, In Kyung
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biochemistry

description: The present study investigated its inhibitory role in aflatoxin (AF) biosynthesis. Treating only AFB1- and B2-producing Aspergillus flavus with piperonal completely inhibited AFB1 production with high sclerotial formation, resulting in 20-fold higher AFG2 production. On the other hand, benzodioxole and eugenol suppressed AFB1 production without AFG formation, while methyleugenol showed potent inhibition of AFB1 production with slight production of AFG1. These results indicate that natural products may change aflatoxin biosynthesis, and highlight a novel regulation of AFG2 production by piperonal. It is the first report for chemical regulation on AFG2 production in non-AFG producing-aspergilli.
Features of the biotechnologically relevant polyamide family “cyanophycins” and their biosynthesis in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Creators: name: Frommeyer, Maja
name: Wiefel, Lars
name: Steinbüchel, Alexander
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Microbiology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry

description: Cyanophycin, inclusions in cyanobacteria discovered by the Italian scientist Borzi in 1887, were characterized as a polyamide consisting of aspartic acid and arginine. Its synthesis in cyanobacteria was analyzed regarding growth conditions, responsible gene product, requirements, polymer structure and properties. Heterologous expression of diverse cyanophycin synthetases (CphA) in Escherichia coli enabled further enzyme characterization. Cyanophycin is a polyamide with variable composition and physiochemical properties dependent on host and cultivation conditions in contrast to the extracellular polyamides poly-γ-glutamic acid and poly-ε-l-lysine. Furthermore, recombinant prokaryotes and transgenic eukaryotes, including plants expressing different cphA genes, were characterized as suitable for production of insoluble cyanophycin regarding higher yields and modified composition for other requirements and applications. In addition, cyanophycin was characterized as a source for the synthesis of polyaspartic acid or N-containing bulk chemicals and dipeptides upon chemical treatment or degradation by cyanophycinases, respectively. Moreover, water-soluble cyanophycin derivatives with altered amino acid composition were isolated from transgenic plants, yeasts and recombinant bacteria. Thereby, the range of dipeptides could be extended by biological processes and by chemical modification, thus increasing the range of applications for cyanophycin and its dipeptides, including agriculture, food supplementations, medical and cosmetic purposes, synthesis of the polyacrylate substitute poly(aspartic acid) and other applications.
Exploring the biological consequences of conformational changes in aspartame models containing constrained analogues of phenylalanine
Creators: name: Mollica, Adriano
name: Carradori, Simone
name: Novellino, Ettore
name: Mirzaie, Sako
name: Costante, Roberto
name: Macedonio, Giorgia
name: Stefanucci, Azzurra
name: Dvoracsko, Szabolcs
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: The dipeptide aspartame (Asp-Phe-OMe) is a sweetener widely used in replacement of sucrose by food industry. 2′,6′-Dimethyltyrosine (DMT) and 2′,6′-dimethylphenylalanine (DMP) are two synthetic phenylalanine-constrained analogues, with a limited freedom in χ-space due to the presence of methyl groups in position 2′,6′ of the aromatic ring. These residues have shown to increase the activity of opioid peptides, such as endomorphins improving the binding to the opioid receptors. In this work, DMT and DMP have been synthesized following a diketopiperazine-mediated route and the corresponding aspartame derivatives (Asp-DMT-OMe and Asp-DMP-OMe) have been evaluated in vivo and in silico for their activity as synthetic sweeteners.
title: Report 2024 / Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum
Publisher: name: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 600

description: Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,
Materials and Minds for our Future. Diese Vision wird uns ab jetzt begleiten und leiten. Sie wurde im Jahr 2024 von allen Beteiligten in einem Prozess erarbeitet. Sie stellt die Grundlage für unsere Ziele, unser Handeln und unser Miteinander dar. In den Bereichen Wissenschaft, Führung und gelebter Kultur wollen wir zur Realisierung dieser Vision beitragen.
In unserem international sichtbaren Materialforschungszentrum wird anwendungsorientierte Forschung zu neuen Materialien und werkstoffbezogenen Technologien über alle beteiligten Disziplinen hinweg betrieben. In verschiedenen Teams wird mittels multidisziplinärer, innovativer Forschung ein Beitrag zur Nachhaltigkeit und zu relevanten Fragen in der Gesellschaft geleistet. Die hochmoderne Infrastruktur unterstützt die Kreativität der Gruppen.
Von den Führungskräften wird eine lebendige Kultur der offenen Kommunikation und des regen Austauschs nach innen und außen betrieben, die dazu beiträgt die Mitarbeitenden zu inspirieren. Sie begleiten ihr Team durch die Kombination von Fachwissen und unterstützendem, Umfeld auf ihrem Weg.
Wir teilen unser Wissen und manchmal in guter Atmosphäre ein Getränk, um ein lebendiges und unterstützendes Umfeld zum Lernen und Wachsen zu schaffen. Wir sind stolz auf unsere gemeinsamen Leistungen und Innovationen die auf der Grundlage unserer Prinzipien: Vertrauen, Vielfalt und wissenschaftliche Exzellenz basieren. Durch die Förderung von Vielfalt, offener Kommunikation und Inspiration schaffen wir eine einladende Atmosphäre des Vertrauens und der Achtung, in der sich jeder Einzelne entfalten und erfolgreich sein kann.
Das Umsetzen der mit der Vision verbundenen Strategien und Aufgaben schaffen eine optimale Grundlage, um für die anstehenden Herausforderungen gewappnet zu sein.

In diesem Sinne hoffen wir auf ein erneut erfolgreiches 2025 und wünschen Ihnen jetzt viel Freude beim Sichten der Erfolge aus 2024.

Freiburg, März 2025

Stefanie Meisen und Stefanie Kuhl
Geschäftsleitung
Supplementary Online Material
Creators: name: Klippenstein, Viktor
name: Wolf, Niklas
name: van der Vegt, Nico
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The supplementary material contains additional data and
discussion on the correlation functions and memory kernels
involved in the IOMK-GN method (Sec. S1), the validity of
Eq. 19 (Sec. S2), details on the evaluation of matrix expo-
nentials (Sec S3), additional informations on the comparision
of the two regularization schemes and different tests on the
effects of the strategies described in the Appendix (Sec. S4).
Hydroxyethyl starch–10-hydroxy camptothecin conjugate: synthesis, pharmacokinetics, cytotoxicity and pharmacodynamics research
Creators: name: Tang, Xing
name: Guofei Li
name: Cuifang Cai
name: Yingjie Qi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: 10-hydroxy camptothecin (10-HCPT) is an antitumor agent effective in the treatment of several solid tumors but its use is hampered by poor water solubility, low lactone stability, short plasma half-life and dose-limiting toxicity. In this study, 10-HCPT-hydroxyethyl starch (HES) conjugate was prepared to overcome these limits of 10-HCPT. The solubility of 10-HCPT conjugate was 0.72 mg/ml, about 100 times to free 10-HCPT. The 10-HCPT conjugate showed good sustained release effect in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), rat plasma and liver homogenate. Meanwhile, 10-HCPT–HES conjugate achieved much lower IC50 and higher cytotoxicity effects than the free 10-HCPT on Hep-3B liver cancer cells. The pharmacokinetics results of 10-HCPT–HES conjugate demonstrated that the biological half-life of 10-HCPT was increased from 10 min to 4.38 h and the bioavailability was 40 times higher than the commercial 10-HCPT injection. The pharmacodynamics results indicated that 10-HCPT–HES conjugate had a better antitumor efficiency against nude mouse with Hep-3B tumor than the commercial 10-HCPT injection, and the inhibition ratio of tumor was 83.9 and 27.8%, respectively, at the same administration dosage. These findings suggest that 10-HCPT–HES conjugate is a promising drug delivery system providing improved long circulating effect, greater stability and better antitumor effect.
Order Restricted Bayesian Inference for Exponential Simple Step-stress Model
Creators: name: S. Mitra
name: D. Samanta
name: A. Ganguly
name: D. Kundu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology

description: Step-stress model has received a considerable amount of attention in recent years. In the usual step-stress experiment, stress level is allowed to increase at each step to get rapid failure of the experimental units. The expected lifetime of the experimental unit is shortened as the stress level increases. Although, extensive amount of work has been done on step-stress models, not enough attention has been paid to analyze step-stress models incorporating this information. We consider a simple step-stress model and provide Bayesian inference of the unknown parameters under cumulative exposure model assumption. It is assumed that lifetime of the experimental units are exponentially distributed with different scale parameters at different stress levels. It is further assumed that the stress level increases at each step, hence the expected lifetime decreases. We try to incorporate this restriction using the prior assumptions. It is observed that different censoring schemes can be incorporated very easily under a general set up. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to see the effectiveness of the proposed method, and two data sets have been analyzed for illustrative purposes.
Phytochemical analysis of non-volatile fraction of Artemisia caerulescens subsp. densiflora (Viv.) (Asteraceae), an endemic species of La Maddalena Archipelago (Sardinia – Italy)
Creators: name: Ornano, Luigi
name: Venditti, Alessandro
name: Donno, Yuri
name: Sanna, Cinzia
name: Ballero, Mauro
name: Armandodoriano Bianco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Artemisia caerulescens subsp. densiflora Viv. is a rare endemic species from Corsica and Sardinia. We studied a sample collected from Razzoli, an island of the La Maddalena Archipelago. The polar secondary metabolites content of this species was investigated for the first time in this study showing the presence of sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, caffeoylquinic acids and a coumarin, with the presence of several compounds already recognised in this genus. The metabolites composition was analysed in two different phenological stages, post blooming and flowering. During the blooming stage, the plant showed a molecular pattern mainly represented by sesquiterpenes and sterols with a minor amount of phenolics, while in flowering stage the molecular pattern was more rich in flavonoids and phenylpropanoids.