Glossophaga morenoi L. Martinez &amp; Villa 1938
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Mittermeier, Russell A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Glossophaga
Glossophaga morenoi

description: 50. Western Long-tongued Bat <i>Glossophaga morenoi</i> <b>French:</b> Glossophage de Moreno / <b>German:</b> Moreno-Blitenfledermaus / <b>Spanish:</b> Gloséfago de Moreno . <b>Taxonomy.</b> Glossophaga morenoi: L. Martinez &amp; Villa, 1938, “Xijutepec, Mor[elos].,” Mexico. . Type and paratype were lost in 1945. B. Villa in 1964 described a neotype, but after strong arguments about its validity, A. L. Gardner in 1986 considered it valid. W. D. Webster and J. K. Jones, Jr. in 1980 described a related species, G. mexicana, but it is now considered a subspecies, and brevirostris named by the same authors in 1984 is considered a synonym with morenoi. Two subspecies recognized. . ). . <b>Subspecies and Distribution.</b> G.m.moreno:L..Martinez&amp;Villa,1938—SCMexicoinColima,Michoacan,Mexico,Morelos,Tlaxcala,Puebla,Guerrero,andWOaxaca. G. m. mexicana Webster &amp;J. K. Jones, 1980 —S Mexico, from SC &amp; E Oaxaca to Chiapas. <b>Descriptive notes.</b> Head-body 57-75 mm, tail 5-11 mm, ear 10-15 mm, hindfoot 6-13 mm, forearm 32-37 mm; weight 7-10 g. Dorsal pelage is clearly bicolored, with light bases and dark tips; venter is conspicuously frosted. Dorsum is generally pale to medium brown; venteris pale gray to tan. Rostrum and tongue are long, and noseleaf is reduced to an equilateral triangle. The Western Long-tongued Bat can be differentiated from Gray's Long-tongued Bat (G. leachii) by position and form of teeth; in the Western Long-tongued Bat, volume of I' is almost equalto the I? and noticeably procumbent. Mandibular incisors are reduced with occlusal surface almost circular, and they are separated from each other forming pairs to each side of mandibular symphysis and from canines by a small gap. X-chromosome is medium-sized metacentric, and Y-chromosome is minute acrocentric. <b>Habitat.</b> Tropical deciduous and subdeciduous forests, arid lands, thorn scrub, and pine-oak forests from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 1500 m (most records below 300 m). The Western Long-tongued Bat has affinities to drylands butis netted over rivers and creeks in arid regions. <b>Food and Feeding.</b> The Western Long-tongued Bat prefers nectar and pollen but also eats fleshy soft fruits (e.g. banana and sapote). Consumption of fruits could be related to characteristic position and structure of superior and inferior incisors. <b>Breeding.</b> Pregnant females have been found in February—December and lactating females in March—June and December. Females seem to carry one young at a time. <b>Activity patterns.</b> Western Long-tongued Bats are nocturnal and roost in caves, hollow trees, culverts, and human constructions. <b>Movements, Home range and Social organization.</b> The Western Long-tongued Bat shares diurnal refuges with Gray’s Long-tongued Bat. <b>Status and Conservation.</b> Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. <b>Bibliography.</b> Alvarez (1966), Arita (2014a), Arroyo-Cabrales et al. (2015), Gardner (1986), Martinez &amp; Villa (1938), Villa (1964, 1967), Webster (1993), Webster &amp; Jones (1980, 1984b, 1985).
description: Published as part of <i>Don E. Wilson &amp; Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Phyllostomidae, pp. 444-583 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions</i> on page 512, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6458594