cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for primary thrombo-prophylaxis in patients with solid malignancies – systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Ben-Aharon, Irit
name: Stemmer, Salomon M.
name: Leibovici, Leonard
name: Shpilberg, Ofer
name: Sulkes, Aaron
name: Gafter-Gvili, Anat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine

description: Background. Patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). We performed a meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which evaluated low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) as primary prophylaxis in ambulatory patients with solid malignancies.Methods. A comprehensive search was conducted until October 2013. Primary outcome was symptomatic VTE. Secondary outcomes were pulmonary embolism (PE), any VTE, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), mortality and adverse events.Results. Eleven trials met the inclusion criteria, and evaluated a total of 6942 patients. Primary prophylaxis with LMWH reduced symptomatic VTE (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.32–0.67) and the rate of PE (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.29–0.84). In the subgroup analysis of VTE in patients with lung and pancreatic cancers LMWH further reduced VTE [RR 0.42 (95% CI 0.25–0.71); RR 0.31 (95% CI 0.18–0.55), respectively]. Meta-analysis of six trials which reported survival outcomes revealed no statistically significant benefit for LMWH in one-year mortality rates (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.83–1.04). There was no significant increase in major bleeding events (RR 1.28, 95% CI 0.84–1.95).Conclusions. LMWH reduces the incidence of symptomatic VTE and PE in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer, with no apparent increase in major bleeding. The benefit is most apparent in pancreatic cancer and also lung cancer. VTE prophylaxis should be considered for these specific populations.
Decontamination of major Salmonellaserovars derived from poultry farms on eggs usingSalmonellaphage cocktail
Creators: name: Kitiya Vongkamjan
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biocontrol,Eggs,Food safety,Phage cocktail,Salmonella

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 27, 2, 7
title: 02_0625
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Head and Face (Medical illustrations)
Creators: name: Francone, Clarice Ashworth
Publisher: name: Oregon Health & Science University
Year: 0
Subjects: Medical Illustration
Head
Face
Skull
Facial Muscles
Child
Brachiocephalic Veins
Carotid Arteries

description: 45 pencil drawings, mostly of the structure and shape of the head and face, the skull, facial muscles, veins and arteries in the head and the faces of babies and children.
Life cycle assessment of nano-silica coating for solar photovoltaic panel
Creators: name: Viganda Varabuntoonvit
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Life cycle assessment, Nano-silica, Photovoltaic panel, St?ber process, Superhydrophobic

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 27, 2, 11
Nanocellulose production from rice straw derived-cellulose by enzymatic hydrolysis and its effect on lipase activity
Creators: name: Jidapha Tinoi
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Enzymatic hydrolysis,Lipase activity, Nanocellulose, Rice straw, Lignocellulosic material

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 27, 2, 9
The response to vaccination against influenza A(H1N1) 2009, seasonal influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae in adult outpatients with ongoing treatment for cancer with and without rituximab
Creators: name: Berglund, Åke
name: Willén, Linda
name: Grödeberg, Lina
name: Skattum, Lillemor
name: Hagberg, Hans
name: Karlis Pauksens
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Medicine

description: It is debated whether cancer patients treated with chemotherapy can mount an adequate response to vaccination.Material and methods. Ninety-six adult outpatients with cancer, who were undergoing chemotherapy and/or monoclonal antibody, tyrosine kinase inhibitor, irradiation or corticosteroid treatments, were studied. Two doses of the pandemic influenza A(H1N1)/09 AS03-adjuvanted split virion vaccine, one dose of the seasonal influenza vaccine and one dose of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine were given. Serum haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays were used to determine antibody titres against the influenza strains. For the pneumococcal vaccine 14 different serotype-specific anti-capsular antibodies were measured by bead assay xMAP®.Results. Patients treated with rituximab did not respond to vaccination. For patients without rituximab treatment 4% had putatively protective antibodies before vaccination (HI ≥ 40) to the pandemic-like strain A/California7/2009HINI. After the first and second dose of vaccine, seroprotection rates (SPR) were 62% and 87%, and seroconversion rates (SCR) 62% and 84%, respectively. Before seasonal flu vaccination SPR against influenza A/Brisbane/59/2007H1N1 and A/Uruguay/10/2007H3N2 were 19% and 17%, respectively. After vaccination, SPR were 70% and 59% and SCR 42% and 50%, respectively. For the pneumococcal vaccine protective antibodies were found to 40% of the 14 strains before and to 68% after vaccination. The mean response to pneumococcal vaccination was to 44% of the 14 serotypes. A response to at least 50% of the 14 serotypes was found in 49% of the patients. No serious adverse events were reported.Conclusion. A substantial number of adult cancer patients with ongoing chemotherapy treatment could mount an adequate serological response to influenza and pneumococcal vaccination without severe adverse events. Thus, vaccination should be recommended. Adjuvanted vaccines may improve the vaccine response among this patient group. Patients recently treated with rituximab do not respond to vaccination.
Tracer kinetic model selection for dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of locally advanced cervical cancer
Creators: name: Kallehauge, Jesper Folsted
name: Tanderup, Kari
name: Haack, Søren
name: Pedersen, Erik Morre
name: Lindegaard, Jacob Christian
name: Mohamed, Sandy Mohamed Ismail
name: Nielsen, Thomas
name: Duan, Chong
name: Fokdal, Lars Ulrik
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine

description: Background. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) offers a unique capability to probe tumour microvasculature. Different analysis of the acquired data will possibly lead to different conclusions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate under which conditions the Tofts (TM), extended Tofts (ETM), compartmental tissue uptake model (C-TU) and 2-compartment exchange model (2CXM) were the optimal tracer kinetic models (TKMs) for the analysis of DCE-MRI in patients with cervical cancer.Material and methods. Ten patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (FIGO: IIA/IIB/IIIB/IVA – 1/5/3/1) underwent DCE-MRI prior to radiotherapy. From the two-parameter TM it was possible to extract the forward volume transfer constant (Ktrans) and the extracellular-extravascular volume fraction (ve). From the three-parameter ETM, additionally the plasma volume fraction (vp) could be extracted. From the three-parameter C-TU it was possible to extract information about the blood flow (Fp), permeability-surface area product (PS) and vp. Finally, the four-parameter 2CXM extended the C-TU to include ve. For each voxel, corrected Akaike information criterion (AICc) values were calculated, taking into account both the goodness-of-fit and the number of model parameters. The optimal model was defined as the model with the lowest AICc.Results. All four TKMs were the optimal model in different contiguous regions of the cervical tumours. For the 24 999 analysed voxels, the TM was optimal in 17.0%, the ETM was optimal in 2.2%, the C-TU in 23.4% and the 2CXM was optimal in 57.3%. Throughout the tumour, a high correlation was found between Ktrans(TM) and Fp(2CXM), ρ = 0.91.Conclusion. The 2CXM was most often optimal in describing the contrast agent enhancement of pre-treatment cervical cancers, although this model broke down in a subset of the tumour voxels where overfitting resulted in non-physiological parameter estimates. Due to the possible overfitting of the 2CXM, the C-TU was found more robust and when 2CXM was excluded from comparison the C-TU was the preferred model.
Strategies For Increasing Feed and Fodder Availability in India
Creators: name: Dr. Kasi Sowjanya Lakshmi*, R., Dr.M.Yugandhar Kumar**
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: Livestock and poultry play major role in Indian economy. With approximately 535.8 million livestock and 851.8 million poultry, India is the world's largest livestock owner. Livestock accounts for 4.11 percent of total GDP and 25.6 percent of agriculture GDP in India. The livestock sector in India, as an integral part of the rural economy, plays a critical role in enhancing the rural economy, generating employment, reducing rural poverty, and providing a stable income source that can improve the livelihood of 123 million small and marginal farmers. Scarce feed and fodder resources are one of the major constraints to the development of the livestock sector in India, particularly in resource-poor rural areas, and this is one of the main reasons for India's lower milk productivity (20-60%) than the global average. Feed accounts for 55-75 percent of the cost of livestock farming, so having an adequate supply of feed and fodder for livestock and poultry is critical for increasing profitability of livestock sector.
Evaluation of bacterial indicators for antibiotic test assay using resazurin-based reactions in raw milk
Creators: name: Kitiya Vongkamjan
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Antibiotics,Bovine mastitis,Raw milk,Resazurin,Microbial detection

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 27, 2, 8
Dissipation kinetics of cyantraniliprole residues in melon grown in field trials using QuEChERS and HPLC-UV
Creators: name: Nichanun Sirasunthorn
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Anthranilic diamides, Cyantraniliprole, HPLC-UV, Melon, QuEChERS, Dissipation kinetics

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 27, 2, 8
Are IMRT treatments in the head and neck region increasing the risk of secondary cancers?
Creators: name: Dasu, Alexandru
name: Ardenfors, Oscar
name: Josefsson, Dan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: Hematology
Cancer
Biological Sciences
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Biotechnology
Medicine
Physics
Biophysics

description: Background. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has been increasingly employed for treating head and neck (H&N) tumours due to its ability to produce isodoses suitable for the complex anatomy of the region. The aim of this study was to assess possible differences between IMRT and conformal radiation therapy (CRT) with regard to risk of radiation-induced secondary malignancies for H&N tumours.Material and methods. IMRT and CRT plans were made for 10 H&N adult patients and the resulting treatment planning data were used to calculate the risk of radiation-induced malignancies in four different tissues. Three risk models with biologically relevant parameters were used for calculations. The influence of scatter radiation and repeated imaging sessions has also been investigated.Results. The results showed that the total lifetime risks of developing radiation-induced secondary malignancies from the two treatment techniques, CRT and IMRT, were comparable and in the interval 0.9–2.5%. The risk contributions from the primary beam and scatter radiation were comparable, whereas the contribution from repeated diagnostic imaging was considerably smaller.Conclusion. The results indicated that the redistribution of the dose characteristic to IMRT leads to a redistribution of the risks in individual tissues. However, the total levels of risk were similar between the two irradiation techniques considered.
Dosimetric evaluation of manually and inversely optimized treatment planning for high dose rate brachytherapy of cervical cancer
Creators: name: Toma-Dasu, Iuliana
name: Palmqvist, Tomas
name: Wanderås, Anne Dybdahl
name: Marthinsen, Anne Beate Langeland
name: Sundset, Marit
name: Langdal, Ingrid
name: Danielsen, Signe
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Physiology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering

description: Background. To compare five inverse treatment planning methods with the conventional manually optimized planning approach for brachytherapy of cervical cancer with respect to dosimetric parameters.Material and methods. Eighteen cervical cancer patients treated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy were included in this study. Six plans were created for each of the 4 HDR brachytherapy fractions for each patient: 1 manually optimized and 5 inversely planned. Three of these were based on inverse planning simulated annealing (IPSA) with and without extra constraints on maximum doses of the target volume, and different constraints on doses to the organs at risk (OARs). In addition there were two plans based on dose to target surface points. The resulting dose-volume histograms were analyzed and compared from the dosimetric point of view by quantifying specific dosimetric parameters, such as clinical target volume (CTV) D90, CTV D100, conformal index (COIN), and D2cm3 for rectum, bladder and the sigmoid colon.Results. Manual optimization led to a mean target coverage of 78.3% compared to 87.5%, 91.7% and 82.5% with the three IPSA approaches (p < 0.001). Similar COIN values for manual and inverse optimization were found. The manual optimization led to better results with respect to the dose to the OARs expressed as D2cm3. Overall, the best results were obtained with manual optimization and IPSA plans with volumetric constraints including maximum doses to the target volume.Conclusions. Dosimetric evaluation of manual and inverse optimization approaches is indicating the potential of IPSA for brachytherapy of cervical cancer. IPSA with constraints of maximum doses to the target volume is closer related to manual optimization than plans with constraints only to minimum dose to the target volume and maximum doses to OARs. IPSA plans with proper constraints performed better than those based on dose to target surface points and manually optimized plans.
Early interim PET/CT predicts post-treatment response in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Creators: name: Xingchen Wu
name: Pertovaara, Hannu
name: Korkola, Pasi
name: Järvenpää, Ritva
name: Prasun Dastidar
name: Eskola, Hannu
name: Pirkko-Liisa Kellokumpu-Lehtinen
name: Vornanen, Martine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: Cancer
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Cell Biology
Medicine

description: Background.18F-FDG-PET/CT has been widely used in the staging of malignant lymphomas, and accepted as a tool for response assessment. Among PET parameters, the most frequently studied is maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax). Metabolic tumor burden (MTB) is a parameter in which both metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and tumor activity are integrated. Here, we analyzed the prognostic value of SUVmax, SUVsum (sum of the SUVmax), whole-body MTV (MTVwb) and MTBwb from baseline and interim PET/CT in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Material and methods. Twenty-nine patients with histologically proven DLBCL were imaged by PET/CT before treatment (Exam I), and one week after the first dose of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) therapy (Exam II). Biopsy specimens were examined by an expert hematopathologist, the Ki-67 proliferation index (PI) was estimated for each biopsy site from the MIB-1 stained sections. The response evaluation was performed after chemotherapy completion (6–8 cycles).Results. All patients had one or more visualized lymphomatous lesions on 18F-FDG-PET/CT. The SUVmax of the whole-body (BmSUVmax) was higher than the SUVmax at biopsy site (BxSUVmax) (mean: 20.1 vs. 17.3, p < 0.01). The PI correlated with the BxSUVmax (p < 0.05). One week after chemotherapy, SUVmax, SUVsum, MTVwb, and MTBwb decreased significantly (p < 0.01, respectively), SUVsum, MTVwb and MTBwb at Exam II correlated with chemotherapy response at treatment completion (p < 0.05, respectively).Conclusion. SUVmax is more accurate to detect tumor aggressiveness than biopsy in DLBCL, since BmSUVmax represents the most aggressive tumor of the patient. Interim PET/CT as early as one week after R-CHOP therapy predicts response. Thus, it could be used as a tool for guidance of risk stratification in DLBCL.
Estimated risk of radiation-induced cancer following paediatric cranio-spinal irradiation with electron, photon and proton therapy
Creators: name: Stokkevåg, Camilla H.
name: Ytre-Hauge, Kristian S.
name: Muren, Ludvig P.
name: Hysing, Liv B.
name: Petersen, Jørgen B. B.
name: Grete-May Engeseth
name: Röhrich, Dieter
name: Odland, Odd Harald
name: Brydøy, Marianne
name: Szostak, Artur
name: Palmer, Matthew B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: Cancer
Biological Sciences
Biotechnology
Medicine

description: Background. Improvement in radiotherapy during the past decades has made the risk of developing a radiation-induced secondary cancer as a result of dose to normal tissue a highly relevant survivorship issue. Important factors expected to influence secondary cancer risk include dose level and dose heterogeneity, as well as gender and type of tissue irradiated. The elevated radio-sensitivity in children calls for models particularly tailored to paediatric cancer patients.Material and methods. Treatment plans of six paediatric medulloblastoma patients were analysed with respect to secondary cancer risk following cranio-spinal irradiation (CSI), using either: 1) electrons and photons combined; 2) conformal photons; 3) double-scattering (DS) protons; or 4) intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT). The relative organ equivalent dose (OED) concept was applied in three dose-risk scenarios: a linear response model, a plateau response and an organ specific linear-exponential response. Life attributable risk (LAR) was calculated based on the BEIR VII committee's preferred models for estimating age- and site-specific solid cancer incidence. Uncertainties in the model input parameters were evaluated by error propagation using a Monte Carlo sampling procedure.Results. Both DS protons and IMPT achieved a significantly better dose conformity compared to the photon and electron irradiation techniques resulting in a six times lower overall risk of radiation-induced cancer. Secondary cancer risk in the thyroid and lungs contributed most to the overall risk in all compared modalities, while no significant difference was observed for the bones. Variations between DS protons and IMPT were small, as were differences between electrons and photons.Conclusion. Regardless of technique, using protons decreases the estimated risk of secondary cancer following paediatric CSI compared to conventional photon and electron techniques. Substantial uncertainties in the LAR estimates support relative risk comparisons by OED.
CULTIVATING POTENTIAL: UNVEILING THE IMPACT OF PARTY BUILDING AND CULTURAL HERITAGE EDUCATION ON RURAL TALENT DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Liang, Chen Wu
Publisher: name: SADI journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: rural revitalization
intangible cultural heritage
ideology
politics
party building
rural talents
cultural preservation

description: In the context of rural revitalization and the preservation of intangible cultural heritage, this paper explores the integration of intangible cultural heritage education with ideology and politics through party building, emphasizing their interconnectedness and their role in nurturing rural talents and promoting rural development. This approach serves as a vital strategy to preserve cultural heritage while fostering a new generation of rural leaders dedicated to revitalization. This study investigates the synergy between intangible cultural heritage education, ideological and political education, and party building in the context of rural development. By weaving these elements together, it not only aims to transmit cultural values but also to cultivate rural talents who possess a deep understanding of the Party's ideology, making them catalysts for rural revitalization. Furthermore, party building is recognized as a guiding force, instilling the right values and ensuring the positive and authentic transmission of intangible cultural heritage. In conclusion, this paper delves into these interconnected aspects to provide valuable theoretical insights for the ongoing rural revitalization efforts
A treatment planning and delivery comparison of volumetric modulated arc therapy with or without flattening filter for gliomas, brain metastases, prostate, head/neck and early stage lung cancer
Creators: name: N. Patrik Brodin
name: Rosenschöld, Per Munck Af
name: Gasic, Daniel
name: Ohlhues, Lars
name: Fog, Lotte S.
name: Pommer, Tobias
name: Bangsgaard, Jens P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: Cancer
Biological Sciences
Cell Biology
Medicine
Engineering

description: Background. Flattening filter-free (FFF) beams are an emerging technology that has not yet been widely implemented as standard practice in radiotherapy centers. To facilitate the clinical implementation of FFF, we attempted to elucidate the difference in plan quality and treatment delivery time compared to flattening filter beams (i.e. standard, STD) for several patient groups. We hypothesize that the treatment plan quality is comparable while the treatment delivery time of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) is considerably shorter using FFF beams, especially for stereotactic treatments.Methods. A total of 120 patients treated for head and neck (H&N) tumors, high-grade glioma, prostate cancer, early stage lung cancer and intra-cranial metastatic disease (both single and multiple metastases) were included in the study. For each cohort, 20 consecutive patients were selected. The plans were generated using STD- and FFF-VMAT for both 6 MV and 10 MV, and were compared with respect to plan quality, monitor units and delivery time using Wilcoxon signed rank tests.Results. For H&N and high-grade gliomas, there was a significant difference in homogeneity index in favor for STD-VMAT (p < 0.001). For the stereotactic sites there were no differences in plan conformity. Stereotactic FFF-VMAT plans required significantly shorter delivery time compared to STD-VMAT plans (p < 0.001) for higher dose per fraction, on average 54.5% for 6 MV and 71.4% for 10 MV. FFF-VMAT generally required a higher number of MU/Gy (p < 0.001), on average 7.0% for 6 MV and 8.4% for 10 MV.Conclusion. It was generally possible to produce FFF-VMAT plans with the same target dose coverage and doses to organs at risk as STD-VMAT plans. Target dose homogeneity tended to be somewhat inferior for FFF-VMAT for the larger targets investigated. For stereotactic radiotherapy, FFF-VMAT resulted in a considerable time gain while maintaining similar plan quality compared to STD beams.
Clinical use of iterative 4D-cone beam computed tomography reconstructions to investigate respiratory tumor motion in lung cancer patients
Creators: name: Poulsen, Per R.
name: Toftegaard, Jakob
name: Hoffmann, Lone
name: Sørensen, Thomas S.
name: Schmidt, Mai L.
name: Hansen, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Information and Computing Sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Engineering

description: Background. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides means for respiratory resolved volumetric imaging of the thorax. However, merely sorting the acquired projections into respiratory phases and performing a series of conventional three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions lead to clinically prohibitive reconstruction artifacts. This problem can be mitigated by iterative 4D reconstruction. We present a clinical evaluation of two iterative 4D-CBCT reconstruction algorithms during stereotactic body radiation therapy.Material and methods. Two types of iterative 4D-CBCT reconstructions were performed utilizing: 1) total variation (TV) minimization; and 2) optical flow (OF) based deformable registration between phases. The reconstructions were initially evaluated on a lung phantom with a moveable target insert. Subsequently, 4D-CBCT reconstructions were performed for 19 patients on 2–3 CBCT projection datasets previously acquired for conventional 3D-CBCT reconstruction (∼650 half-fan projections per scan in a full one-minute gantry rotation). The 4D reconstructions were imported into a treatment planning system, where the gross tumor volume (GTV) was delineated and used to extract the tumor motion amplitude.Results. For both phantom and patient scans, the iterative 4D-CBCT reconstructions had sufficient quality for GTV delineation when the breathing period was faster than 3.5 seconds (15 of 19 patients), but not for slower breathing periods (4 patients). The 3D tumor motion amplitude for the patients was significantly lower (p = 10−6, Wilcoxon signed rank test) in the OF reconstructions (mean 4.0 mm) than in the TV reconstructions (mean 5.3 mm).Conclusion. TV and OF iterative 4D-CBCT reconstruction of the thorax in a lung phantom and for 19 patients was demonstrated from standard CBCT scans and used to estimate the daily lung tumor motion.
Isocentric integration of intensity-modulated radiotherapy with electron fields improves field junction dose uniformity in postmastectomy radiotherapy
Creators: name: Wright, Pauliina
name: Suilamo, Sami
name: Lindholm, Paula
name: Kulmala, Jarmo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry

description: Background. In postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT), the dose coverage of the planning target volume (PTV) with additional margins, including the chest wall, supraclavicular, interpectoral, internal mammary and axillar level I–III lymph nodes, is often compromised. Electron fields may improve the medial dose coverage while maintaining organ at risk (OAR) doses at an acceptable level, but at the cost of hot and cold spots at the electron and photon field junction. To improve PMRT dose coverage and uniformity, an isocentric technique combining tangential intensity-modulated (IM)RT fields with one medial electron field was implemented.Material and methods. For 10 postmastectomy patients isocentric IMRT with electron plans were created and compared with a standard electron/photon mix and a standard tangent technique. PTV dose uniformity was evaluated based on the tolerance range (TR), i.e. the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean dose, a dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and the 90% isodose coverage and the hot spot volumes. OAR and contralateral breast doses were also recorded.Results. IMRT with electrons significantly improved the PTV dose homogeneity and conformity based on the TR and DSC values when compared with the standard electron/photon and tangent technique (p < 0.02). The 90% isodose coverage improved to 86% compared with 82% and 80% for the standard techniques (p < 0.02). Compared with the standard electron/photon mix, IMRT smoothed the dose gradient in the electron and photon field junction and the volumes receiving a dose of 110% or more were reduced by a third. For all three strategies, the OAR and contralateral breast doses were within clinically tolerable limits.Conclusion. Based on these results two-field IMRT combined with an electron field is a suitable strategy for PMRT.
Positron emission tomography and pharmacokinetics of 2-[18F]-fluoroethyl choline for metabolic studies in breast cancer xenografts
Creators: name: Kristian, Alexandr
name: Qu, Hong
name: Engebraaten, Olav
name: Mælandsmo, Gunhild M.
name: Malinen, Eirik
name: Riss, Patrick
name: Milde, Mona
name: Schoultz, Bent W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Background. Breast carcinomas (BC) can have abnormal choline (Cho) metabolism. Earlier studies indicated that Cho uptake can differ between different subtypes of BC. The purpose of this study was to investigate uptake of 2-[18F]-fluoroethyl-choline ([18F]FECh) in three different patient-derived breast cancer xenografts (BCXs) using dynamic positron emission tomography (dPET).Material and methods. Nine athymic nude mice bearing bilateral MAS98.12 (basal-like), HBCx34 or MAS98.06 (both luminal B) BCXs were subjected to a 90-minute dPET scan following a bolus injection of 10 MBq of [18F]FECh. A Patlak Plot analysis and a well-established two-tissue compartment model were fitted to the uptake curves of the whole tumors, providing estimates of transfer rates between the vascular, non-metabolized and metabolized compartments. Patlak slope KP and intercept V, the rate constants k1, k2, k3, the intravascular fraction vb and MR[18F]FECh were estimated. Additionally, analyses of terminal blood samples and tumor cell suspension incubated with [18F]FECh were performed.Results. [18F]FECh uptake in all BCXs was similar to surrounding normal tissue, thus creating no image contrast. The average liver uptake was 10 times higher than the tumor uptake. The uptake in MAS98.12 was higher than in the other two BCXs during the whole course of the acquisition, and was significantly higher than in HBCx34 at 10–30 minutes after injection. No significant differences were found for k1, MR[18F]FECh and intravascular fraction vb. Patlak slope KP, k2 and k3 were significantly lower for the MAS98.12 xenograft, in line with in vitro results. KP was correlated with both MR[18F]FECh and k3.Conclusions. dPET demonstrated that different subtypes of breast cancer have different uptake of [18F]FECh. Differences in rate constants and KP were in line with in vitro uptake in cell suspensions and earlier spectroscopy and gene expression analysis.
A method for selection of beam angles robust to intra-fractional motion in proton therapy of lung cancer
Creators: name: Casares-Magaz, Oscar
name: Toftegaard, Jakob
name: Muren, Ludvig P.
name: Kallehauge, Jesper F.
name: Bassler, Niels
name: Petersen, Jørgen B. B.
name: Poulsen, Per R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering

description: Background. Proton therapy offers the potential for sparing the normal tissue surrounding the target. However, due to well-defined proton ranges around the Bragg peak, dose deposition is more sensitive to changes in the water equivalent path length (WEPL) than with photons. In this study, we assess WEPL variations caused by breathing-induced motion for all possible beam angles in a series of lung cancer patients. By studying the association between measures for WEPL variation and breathing-induced target dose degradation we aimed to develop and explore a tool to identify beam angles that are robust to patient-specific patterns of intra-fractional motion.Material and methods. Using four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) images of three lung cancer patients we evaluated the impact of the WEPL changes on target dose coverage for a series of coplanar single-beam plans. The plans were optimised for the internal target volume (ITV) at the maximum intensity projection (MIP) CT for every 3° gantry interval. The plans were transferred to the ten 4DCT phases and the average reduction in ITV V95 over the ten phases, relative to the original MIP CT calculation, was quantified. The target dose reduction was associated with the mean difference between the WEPL and the phase-averaged WEPL computed for all beam rays across all possible gantry-couch angle combinations.Results. The gantry-couch angle maps showed areas of both high and low WEPL variation, with overall quite similar patterns yet with individual differences reflecting differences in tumour position and breathing-induced motion. The coplanar plans showed a strong association between WEPL changes and ITV V95 reduction, with a correlation coefficient ranging between 0.92 and 0.98 for the three patients (p < 0.01).Conclusion. We have presented a 4DCT-based method to quantify WEPL changes during the breathing cycle. The method identified proton field gantry-couch angle combinations that were either sensitive or robust to WEPL changes. WEPL variations along the beam path were associated with target under-dosage.
Relación burlesca El bañado en los pelambres
Creators: name: Miguel, Betti
name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2022), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Relación burlesca El bañado en los pelambres
Creators: name: Betti Miguel
name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Relación burlesca El bañado en los pelambres
Creators: name: Miguel, Betti
name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2022), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Feasibility of experimental BT4C glioma models for somatostatin receptor 2-targeted therapies
Creators: name: Gardberg, Maria
name: Heuser, Vanina D.
name: Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo
name: Knuuti, Juhani
name: Roivainen, Anne
name: Kiviniemi, Aida
name: Autio, Anu
name: Li, Xiang-Guo
name: Liljenbäck, Heidi
name: Käkelä, Meeri
name: Sipilä, Henri
name: Kurkipuro, Jere
name: Minn, Heikki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: Cancer
Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Pharmacology
Molecular Biology
Cell Biology
Biochemistry

description: Somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (sstr2) is regarded as a potential target in malignant gliomas for new therapeutic approaches. Therefore, visualizing and quantifying tumor sstr2 expression in vivo would be highly relevant for the future development of sstr2-targeted therapies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate sstr2 status in experimental BT4C malignant gliomas.Methods. Rat BT4C malignant glioma cells were injected into BDIX rat brain or subcutaneously into nude mice. Tumor uptake of [68Ga]DOTA-(Tyr3)-Octreotide ([68Ga]DOTATOC), a somatostatin analog binding to sstr2, was studied by positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Additionally, subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice underwent PET imaging with 5-deoxy-5-[18F]fluororibose-NOC ([18F]FDR-NOC), a novel glycosylated peptide tracer also targeting sstr2. Ex vivo tissue radioactivity measurements, autoradiography and immunohistochemistry were performed to study sstr2 expression.Results. Increased tumor uptake of [68Ga]DOTATOC was detected at autoradiography with mean tumor-to-brain ratio of 68 ± 30 and tumor-to-muscle ratio of 9.2 ± 3.8 for rat glioma. High tumor-to-muscle ratios were also observed in subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice after injection with [68Ga]DOTATOC and [18F]FDR-NOC with both autoradiography (6.7 ± 1.5 and 4.3 ± 0.8, respectively) and tissue radioactivity measurements (6.5 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 0.6, respectively). Furthermore, sstr2 immunohistochemistry showed positive staining in both tumor models. However, surprisingly low tumor signal compromised PET imaging. Mean SUVmax for rat gliomas was 0.64 ± 0.28 from 30 to 60 min after [68Ga]DOTATOC injection. The majority of subcutaneous tumors were not visualized by [68Ga]DOTATOC or [18F]FDR-NOC PET.Conclusions. Experimental BT4C gliomas show high expression of sstr2. Weak signal in PET imaging, however, suggests only limited benefit of [68Ga]DOTATOC or [18F]FDR-NOC PET/CT in this tumor model for in vivo imaging of sstr2 status.
Correction of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for brachytherapy of locally advanced cervical cancer
Creators: name: Haack, Søren
name: Jespersen, Sune N.
name: Tanderup, Kari
name: Kallehauge, Jesper F.
name: Lindegaard, Jacob C.
name: Pedersen, Erik M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Engineering
subject: Biophysics

description: Background. Geometrical distortion is a major obstacle for the use of echo planar diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in planning of radiotherapy. This study compares geometrical distortion correction methods of DW-MRI at time of brachytherapy (BT) in locally advanced cervical cancer patients.Material and methods. In total 21 examinations comprising DW-MRI, dual gradient echo (GRE) for B0 field map calculation and T2-weighted (T2W) fat-saturated MRI of eight patients with locally advanced cervical cancer were acquired during BT with a plastic tandem and ring applicator in situ. The ability of B0 field map correction (B0M) and deformable image registration (DIR) to correct DW-MRI geometric image distortion was compared to the non-corrected DW-MRI including evaluation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for the gross tumor volume (GTV).Results. Geometrical distortion correction decreased tandem displacement from 3.3 ± 0.9 mm (non-corrected) to 2.9 ± 1.0 mm (B0M) and 1.9 ± 0.6 mm (DIR), increased mean normalized cross-correlation from 0.69 ± 0.1 (non- corrected) to 0.70 ± 0.10 (B0M) and 0.77 ± 0.1 (DIR), and increased the Jaccard similarity coefficient from 0.72 ± 0.1 (non-corrected) to 0.73 ± 0.06 (B0M) and 0.77 ± 0.1 (DIR). For all parameters only DIR corrections were significant (p < 0.05). ADC of the GTV did not change significantly with either correction method.Conclusion. DIR significantly improved geometrical accuracy of DW-MRI, with remaining residual uncertainties of less than 2 mm, while no significant improvement was seen using B0 field map correction
Comparison of end-expiratory respiratory gating methods for PET/CT
Creators: name: Teuho, Jarmo
name: Teräs, Mika
name: Harteela, Markus
name: Hirvi, Heidi
name: Mäkipää, Anna
name: Koivumäki, Tuomas
name: Mäkelä, Marko M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering

description: Background. Respiratory motion in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) causes underestimation of standardized uptake value (SUV) and variation of lesion volume, while PET and CT attenuation correction (CTAC) mismatch may introduce artefacts. The aim was to compare end-expiratory gating methods of PET and CTAC.Material and methods. Three methods named the minimum-constant, slope-based and amplitude-median were developed and evaluated on gating efficiency. Method evaluation and optimization was performed on 23 simulated and 23 recorded signals from a mixed patient group. The optimized methods were applied in PET/CT imaging of seven patients, consisting of non-gated CTAC, whole-body PET and four-dimensional (4D) PET/CT. Gating efficiency was evaluated by preservation of the respiratory signal, PET-CTAC alignment, image noise and measurement of lesion SUV maximum (SUVmax), SUV mean (SUVmean) and volume. The methods were evaluated with non-gated PET and end-expiratory phase of five-bin phase-gated PET. End-expiratory gated 4D-CTAC and averaged CTAC were compared for attenuation correction of end-expiratory gated PET.Results. Mean fraction of data preserved was larger (23–34%) with end-expiratory gating compared to phase-gated PET. End-expiratory gating showed increased SUVmax (8.2–8.4 g/ml), SUVmean (5.7–5.8 g/ml) and decreased lesion volume (-11.3–16.8%) compared to non-gated PET (SUVmax 6.2 g/ml, SUVmean 4.7 g/ml) and phase-gated PET (SUVmax 8.0 g/ml, SUVmean 5.6 g/ml). Using averaged CTAC and end-expiratory 4D-CTAC produced similar results concerning SUVmax, with less than 5% difference. Additionally, CTAC-PET-mismatch was minimal when end-expiratory 4D-CTAC was used.Conclusion. End-expiratory gating in PET/CT results in SUVmax and SUVmean increase and reduced lesion volume compared to non-gated PET and phase-gated PET. End-expiratory 4D-CTAC or averaged CTAC will offer similar accuracy for attenuation correction of end-expiratory gated PET.
MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF HEPATIC ECHINOCOCCOSIS AND PREVENTION OF RECURRENCE
Creators: name: Radjabov, Jasur
name: Atoyeva, Mokhigul
name: Usmonov, Amirbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: According to the World Health Organization, "more than 1 million people are affected by echinococcosis in the world, while among various organs and tissues in 44-84% of cases the process is localized in the liver". Due to the absence of a downward trend in the number of patients and the existence of endemic regions where the incidence rate varies from 1.2 to 9.0 per 100,000 population, this parasitic disease continues to be a serious medical and social problem [1-5].
Multimodal functional imaging for early response assessment in GIST patients treated with imatinib
Creators: name: Bjerkehagen, Bodil
name: Mona-Elisabeth Revheim
name: Hole, Knut Håkon
name: Bruland, Øyvind Sverre
name: Reitan, Edmund
name: Julsrud, Lars
name: Seierstad, Therese
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Information and Computing Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Multimodal functional imaging for early response assessment in GIST patients treated with imatinib
Normal tissue sparing with respiratory adapted volumetric modulated arc therapy for distal oesophageal and gastro-oesophageal tumours
Creators: name: Tait, Diana M.
name: Hawkins, Maria A.
name: Hafeez, Shaista
name: Bedford, James L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Normal tissue sparing with respiratory adapted volumetric modulated arc therapy for distal oesophageal and gastro-oesophageal tumours
title: Quaderni del LUDiCa
Creators: name: Salice, Giampaolo
name: Schivo, Beatrice
Publisher: name: UNICApress
Year: 2022

description: Questo primo numero della collana "Quaderni del LUDiCa" racconta la prima edizione del LUDiCa, il laboratorio di umanistica digitale dell'Università di Cagliari. Un racconto sviluppato dagli studenti e dalle studentesse che sono stati protagonisti sia della prima fase del laboratorio (Bottega Digitale), in cui hanno per la prima volta sperimentato l'intersezione tra strumenti digitali e studi umanistici, sia del Campo Estivo di Storia digitale e pubblica, svoltosi nel Comune di Nuraminis, in collaborazione con la locale amministrazione comunale, associazioni e semplici cittadini.