cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Sparse Representation Based Joint Demosaicing Method for Single-Chip Polarized Color Sensor
Creators: name: Wen, Sijia
name: Zheng, Yinqiang
name: Lu, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The emergence of the single-chip polarized color sensor now allows for simultaneously capturing chromatic and polarimetric information of the scene on a monochromatic image plane. However, unlike the usual camera with an embedded demosaicing method, the latest polarized color camera is not delivered with an in-built demosaicing tool. For demosaicing, the users have to down-sample the captured images or to use traditional interpolation techniques. Neither of them can perform well since the polarization and color are interdependent. Therefore, joint chromatic and polarimetric demosaicing is the key to obtaining high-quality polarized color images. In this paper, we propose a joint chromatic and polarimetric demosaicing model to address this challenging problem. Instead of mechanically demosaicing for the multi-channel polarized color image, we further present a sparse representation-based optimization strategy that utilizes chromatic information and polarimetric information to jointly optimize the model. To avoid the interaction between color and polarization during demosaicing, we separately construct the corresponding dictionaries. We also build an optical data acquisition system to collect a dataset, which contains various sources of polarization, such as illumination, reflectance and birefringence. Results of both qualitative and quantitative experiments have shown that our method is capable of faithfully recovering full RGB information of four polarization angles for each pixel from a single mosaic input image. Moreover, the proposed method can perform well not only on the synthetic data but the real captured data.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Railroad Capital Stock Changes in the Post-Deregulation Period
Creators: name: Bereskin, C.Gregory
name: Bereskin, C.Gregory
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This paper involves the estimation of a model of railway road and equipment capital stocks and the changes in their levels that have occurred since 1983. The model is based on balancing the level of investment and the level of degradation of the capital stocks to create a data series for roadway capital and for equipment capital. A two-stage least squares errors in variables model is applied. This is appropriate as degradation and exact constant dollar investment are not directly observable. Results obtained from the model indicate that Class I railroads have increased their absolute capital stock levels over the period examined. This holds for both roadway and equipment capital although roadway capital has increased at a somewhat faster rate.
Quantum computer inverting time arrow for macroscopic systems
Creators: name: Georgeot, B.
name: Shepelyansky, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A legend tells that once Loschmidt asked Boltzmann on what happens to his statistical theory if one inverts the velocities of all particles, so that, due to the reversibility of Newton's equations, they return from the equilibrium to a nonequilibrium initial state. Boltzmann only replied ``then go and invert them''. This problem of the relationship between the microscopic and macroscopic descriptions of the physical world and time-reversibility has been hotly debated from the XIXth century up to nowadays. At present, no modern computer is able to perform Boltzmann's demand for a macroscopic number of particles. In addition, dynamical chaos implies exponential growth of any imprecision in the inversion that leads to practical irreversibility. Here we show that a quantum computer composed of a few tens of qubits, and operating even with moderate precision, can perform Boltzmann's demand for a macroscopic number of classical particles. Thus, even in the regime of dynamical chaos, a realistic quantum computer allows to rebuild a specific initial distribution from a macroscopic state given by thermodynamic laws.
description: revtex, 4 pages, 4 figures
Generalized Optimal Velocity Model for Traffic Flow
Creators: name: Sawada, Shiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalized optimal velocity model is analyzed, where the optimal velocity function depends not only on the headway of each car but also the headway of the immediately preceding one. The stability condition of the model is derived by considering a small perturbation around the homogeneous flow solution. The effect of the generalized optimal velocity function is also confirmed with numerical simulation, by examining the hysteresis loop in the headway-velocity phase space, and the relation between flow and density of cars. In the model with a specific parameter choice, it is found that an intermediate state appears for the movement of cars, where the car keeps a certain velocity though the headway is short or long. This phenomenon is different from the ordinary stop-and-go state.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Barnes-Ismagilov integrals and hypergeometric functions of the complex field
Creators: name: Neretin, Yury A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33C20, 33C70, 22E43

description: We examine a family ${}_pG_{q}^{\mathbb C}\big[\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{(a)}{(b)};z\big]$ of integrals of Mellin-Barnes type over the space ${\mathbb Z}\times {\mathbb R}$, such functions $G$ naturally arise in representation theory of the Lorentz group. We express ${}_pG_{q}^{\mathbb C}(z)$ as quadratic expressions in the generalized hypergeometric functions ${}_{p}F_{q-1}$ and discuss further properties of the functions ${}_pG_{q}^{\mathbb C}(z)$.
Homology stability for symplectic groups
Creators: name: Mirzaii, B.
name: van der Kallen, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E25, 11E57, 19B14, 19D55

description: In this paper the homology stability for symplectic groups over a ring with finite stable rank is established. First we develop a `nerve theorem' on the homotopy type of a poset in terms of a cover by subposets, where the cover is itself indexed by a poset. We use the nerve theorem to show that a poset of sequences of isotropic vectors is highly connected, as conjectured by Charney in the eighties.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX. Contents have been merged with arXiv:math/0111117 in final publication
OPeNDAP's Prototype WCS Service
Creators: name: Gallagher, James
name: Potter, Nathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012

description: This is a short set of four slides is a brief introduction to the WCS interface (aka Service End Point) that we developed as part of work funded by NOAA under the IOOS program. The interface supports version 1.1.2 of the WCS specification and uses semantic web technology to implement an extensible and scalable framework for metadata translation.
ОБРАТНАЯ СВЯЗЬ - ОСТРАЯ ПРОБЛЕМА ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ПУБЛИЧНЫХ ФИНАНСОВ
Creators: name: K, E
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 380107
subject: Financial economics
classificationCode: 380115
subject: Public economics - taxation and revenue
classificationCode: 380114
subject: Public economics - publicly provided goods
classificationCode: 480405
subject: Law and society and socio-legal research

description: The paper is focused on the study of the role of performance information in the decision-making process on public finance with particular accent on the legal aspects of the issue. The purpose. We aim to show that the performance results have a little impact on the public finance allocation in the next management cycle. Nowadays the financial resolutions are taken not on the basis of the results, but apart from them. The problem can be identified in many countries and currently discussed on the international level. We make an attempt to identify the main reasons for this. The research is elaborating the possible solutions for the problem and presenting possible amendments to the legislation. The key reason for the omission or misuse of performance results in public finance is the passive role of the user of the performance information. There is a lack of legal incentives for using the performance results for those who take the financial decisions. Those who take the decisions in public finance governance should have an obligation to assess the performance information and use it for the further resolutions.Исследуется обратная связь как необходимое звено в управлении государственными финансами. Отмечается, что ключевая причина неэффективности обратной связи - пассивность пользователя информации. Приводятся примеры из зарубежной практики, которые демонстрируют положительные и отрицательные стороны применяемых подходов к учету обратной связи в публичной финансовой деятельности. В частности, обсуждается система рейтинговых оценок государственных программ в США и причины отказа от нее. Делается вывод о том, что на субъект управления, принимающий решения, законодательными средствами необходимо возложить обязанность оценивать информацию о результатах и использовать ее для принятия последующих решений.
Effect of Rotation on a Developed Turbulent Stratified Convection: the Hydrodynamic Helicity, the Alpha-Effect and the Effective Drift Velocity
Creators: name: Kleeorin, N.
name: Rogachevskii, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An effect of rotation on a developed turbulent stratified convection is studied. Dependencies of the hydrodynamic helicity, the alpha-tensor and the effective drift velocity of the mean magnetic field on the rate of rotation and an anisotropy of turbulent convection are found. It is shown that in an anisotropic turbulent convection the alpha-effect can change its sign depending on the rate of rotation. Different properties of the effective drift velocity of the mean magnetic field in a rotating turbulent convection are found, e.g., there is a difference in the effective drift velocities for the toroidal and poloidal magnetic fields; a toroidal effective drift velocity can play a role of an additional differential rotation. These effects and an effect of a nonzero divergence of the effective drift velocity of the toroidal magnetic field on a magnetic dynamo are studied. Astrophysical applications of the obtained results are discussed.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, REVTEX4, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Commutative and noncommutative N=2 SYM in 2+1 from wrapped D6-branes
Creators: name: Brugues, Jan
name: Gomis, Joaquim
name: Mateos, Toni
name: Ramirez, Toni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give the supergravity duals of commutative and noncommutative non-abelian gauge theories with N=2 in 2+1 dimensions. The moduli space on the Coulomb branch of these theories is studied using supergravity.
description: Factors of N and g_s restored, references and acknowledgements added. 8 pages, 2 figures. Proceedings of the Leuven workshop, September 2002
Optimal Winter Speed Limit
Creators: name: Thanesuen, Suthipun
name: Kagaya, Seiichi
name: Uchida, Ken-Etsu
name: Hagiwara, Toru
name: Thanesuen, Suthipun
name: Kagaya, Seiichi
name: Uchida, Ken-Etsu
name: Hagiwara, Toru
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This study aims to determine the optimal winter speed limit through the application of a cost analysis and by analysis of effects of road and traffic conditions. Initially, a cost analysis of travel time costs, vehicle operating costs, pollution costs, and accident cost was applied to determine optimal average speed on the basis of the minimum total cost. Then, the effects of road and traffic conditions were calculated by regression analysis. Finally, the optimal winter speed limits were achieved. In conclusion, we found that our model was reliable and the results were appropriate and sustainable for the long term.
Particle-number distribution in large fluctuations at the tip of branching random walks
Creators: name: Mueller, A. H.
name: Munier, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate properties of the particle distribution near the tip of one-dimensional branching random walks at large times $t$, focusing on unusual realizations in which the rightmost lead particle is very far ahead of its expected position - but still within a distance smaller than the diffusion radius $\sim\sqrt{t}$. Our approach consists in a study of the generating function $G_{Δx}(λ)=\sum_n λ^n p_n(Δx)$ for the probabilities $p_n(Δx)$ of observing $n$ particles in an interval of given size $Δx$ from the lead particle to its left, fixing the position of the latter. This generating function can be expressed with the help of functions solving the Fisher-Kolmogorov-Petrovsky-Piscounov (FKPP) equation with suitable initial conditions. In the infinite-time and large-$Δx$ limits, we find that the mean number of particles in the interval grows exponentially with $Δx$, and that the generating function obeys a nontrivial scaling law, depending on $Δx$ and $λ$ through the combined variable $[Δx-f(λ)]^{3}/Δx^2$, where $f(λ)\equiv -\ln(1-λ)-\ln[-\ln(1-λ)]$. From this property, one may conjecture that the growth of the typical particle number with the size of the interval is slower than exponential, but, surprisingly enough, only by a subleading factor at large $Δx$. The scaling we argue is consistent with results from a numerical integration of the FKPP equation.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures. v2: Minor changes, including a few extra references; To appear in Phys. Rev. E
Reaching Fermi degeneracy in two-species optical dipole traps
Creators: name: Onofrio, Roberto
name: Presilla, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the use of a combined optical dipole trap to achieve Fermi degeneracy by sympathetic cooling with a different bosonic species. Two far-detuned pairs of laser beams focused on the atomic clouds are used to confine the two atomic species with different trapping strengths. We show that a deep Fermi degeneracy regime can be potentially achieved earlier than Bose-Einstein condensation, as discussed in the favorable situation of a ^6Li--^{23}Na mixture. This opens up the possibility of experimentally investigating a mixture of superfluid Fermi and normal Bose gases.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Industry Issue Paper: The United States—European Union Open Aviation Area: The American Perspective
Creators: name: Hofer, Christian
name: Dresner, Martin
name: Hofer, Christian
name: Dresner, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of current United States–European Union (U.S.–E.U.) aviation relations. Following a brief historical review, the proposed North-Atlantic Open Aviation Area is discussed. Specifically, the associated economic benefits are assessed, and the causes of the current deadlock in U.S.–E.U. negotiations are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the interests and actions of U.S. stakeholders, most notably U.S. airlines, labor organizations, the Department of Transportation and Congress.
Kategoria wolności w encyklikach papieża Franciszka
Creators: name: Surowiec, Paweł Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: chrześcijaństwo
wolność
papież Franciszek
Lumen Fidei
Laudato si'
Fratelli tutti
Christianity
freedom
pope Francis

description: Papież Franciszek często jest kojarzony z kontrowersjami, jakie budzą jego swobodne wypowiedzi w różnych sytuacjach – w czasie samolotowych spotkań z dziennikarzami w trakcie podróży zagranicznych Ojca Świętego czy też z powodu udzielonych wywiadów prasowych lub telewizyjnych. Zwyczajne nauczanie papieża Franciszka w powszechnym przekazie medialnym jest sprowadzane jedynie do kwestii ekologicznych lub pro-społecznych, pomijając nadrzędne odniesienia Franciszka do takich fundamentalnych wartości jak prawda, dobro, sprawiedliwość, miłość. Osadzają się one na wolności działania człowieka, który wspomniane wartości podstawowe może przyjąć i uznać za swoje lub odrzucić. Celem pracy jest ukazanie podejścia papieża Franciszka do kategorii wolności zawartej w encyklikach Lumen Fidei, Laudato si' i Fratelli tutti. Wspomniane dokumenty papieskie ukazano w świetle wolności podejmowanych przez człowieka działań i wyborów. W encyklikach papieża Franciszka kategoria wolności obecna jest w sferze osobistej wiary, w odniesieniu do dzieła stworzenia oraz w stosunku do innych ludzi. Dlatego wydobyto te odniesienia papieskiego nauczania, które dotyczą wolności w relacji do Boga, drugiego człowieka i otaczającego świata przyrody.
description: Surowiec P.R., "Kategoria wolności w encyklikach papieża Franciszka", wideokonferencja, 13.04.2021, język: polski, wystąpienie podczas konferencji: Międzynarodowa Konferencja Naukowa "Wolność - dar, prawo, obowiązek", Stalowa/Online, 13.04.2021, zorganizowanej przez: Akademię Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. Tadeusza Kościuszki we Wrocławiu oraz Fundację Campus w Stalowej Woli.
Normalizing Flows for Probabilistic Modeling and Inference
Creators: name: Papamakarios, George
name: Nalisnick, Eric
name: Rezende, Danilo Jimenez
name: Mohamed, Shakir
name: Lakshminarayanan, Balaji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Normalizing flows provide a general mechanism for defining expressive probability distributions, only requiring the specification of a (usually simple) base distribution and a series of bijective transformations. There has been much recent work on normalizing flows, ranging from improving their expressive power to expanding their application. We believe the field has now matured and is in need of a unified perspective. In this review, we attempt to provide such a perspective by describing flows through the lens of probabilistic modeling and inference. We place special emphasis on the fundamental principles of flow design, and discuss foundational topics such as expressive power and computational trade-offs. We also broaden the conceptual framing of flows by relating them to more general probability transformations. Lastly, we summarize the use of flows for tasks such as generative modeling, approximate inference, and supervised learning.
description: Review article, 64 pages, 9 figures. Published in the Journal of Machine Learning Research (see https://jmlr.org/papers/v22/19-1028.html)
A New Approach for Allocating Highway Costs
Creators: name: Hong, Feng
name: Prozzi, Jorge A.
name: Prozzi, Jolanda
name: Hong, Feng
name: Prozzi, Jorge A.
name: Prozzi, Jolanda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Public Economics

description: The allocation of highway costs is constantly debated among legislatures, highway agencies, and highway users as it directly relates to concerns about equity in terms of cost responsibility and actual user charges. One of the major challenges in highway cost allocation stems from the need to estimate pavement damage by different vehicle classes. Normally, the calculation of damage caused by heavy vehicles to the highway infrastructure utilizes the concept of Equivalent Single Axle Load (ESAL). This concept was empirically established after the American Association of State Highway Officials America (AASHO) Road Test almost half a century ago. Although the ESAL concept is widely used in pavement design, it has a number of shortcomings when applied for the estimation of pavement damage by different vehicle classes. Some of these limitations include: failure to account for specific infrastructure and environmental conditions, disregard of the differences in traffic configurations and composition, and the inability to capture different distress types. This leads to a fairly inaccurate and generic estimation of pavement damage by vehicle class. This paper proposes an innovative and more rational highway cost allocation approach based on the recently completed guide for the “Mechanistic-Empirical Design Guide of New and Rehabilitated Pavement Structures” developed under the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 1-37A. The Guide accounts for all factors that contribute to pavement deterioration, thereby addressing the shortcomings of an ESAL-based analysis listed earlier. Estimates for pavement damage attributable to each vehicle class can thus be accurately simulated. For the purposes of this study, traffic data collected at a weigh-in-motion station in Texas were used to estimate the highway cost shares of different vehicle classes, given different pavement structural capacities.
A Model of Corn and Soybean Shipments on the Ohio River
Creators: name: Babcock, Michael W.
name: Fuller, Stephen
name: Babcock, Michael W.
name: Fuller, Stephen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Production Economics

description: This paper estimates the demand for corn and soybean shipments on the Ohio River during the 1992- 2004 period. Using monthly data, OLS (with Newewy-West standard errors) parameters estimates were obtained for the explanatory variables. Results indicate that Ohio River corn and soybean shipments are significantly and positively affected by one month lagged shipments, corn and soybean stocks in the Ohio River production region, and corn and soybean exports from lower Mississippi River Gulf ports. Some empirical support was found for a significant negative relationship between Ohio River corn and soybean shipments and ocean shipping freight rates from lower Mississippi River Gulf ports to Japan. Indiana corn prices did not significantly affect Ohio River corn and soybean shipments.
Phase-Locked Spatial Domains and Bloch Domain Walls in Type-II Optical Parametric Oscillators
Creators: name: Izus, G.
name: Miguel, M. San
name: Santagiustina, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the role of transverse spatial degrees of freedom in the dynamics of signal-idler phase locked states in type-II Optical Parametric Oscillators. Phase locking stems from signal-idler polarization coupling which arises if the cavity birefringence and/or dichroism is not matched to the nonlinear crystal birefringence. Spontaneous Bloch domain wall formation is theoretically predicted and numerically studied. Bloch walls connect, by means of a polarization transformation, homogeneous regions of self-phase locked solutions. The parameter range for their existence is analytically found. The polarization properties and the dynamics of walls in one- and two transverse spatial dimensions is explained. Transition from Bloch to Ising walls is characterized, the control parameter being the linear coupling strength. Wall dynamics governs spatiotemporal dynamical states of the system, which include transient curvature driven domain growth, persistent dynamics dominated by spiraling defects for Bloch walls, and labyrinthine pattern formation for Ising walls.
description: 27 pages, 16 figures
A Review of Dynamic Traffic Assignment Computer Packages
Creators: name: Jeihani, Mansoureh
name: Jeihani, Mansoureh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This paper reviews the dynamic traffic assignment models in some well-known computer packages. It describes demand estimation, supply presentation, methods for computing dynamic user equilibria, and convergence among these packages with a concentration on TRANSIMS. TRANSIMS tries to take advantage of both precision and computational speed by estimating second-by-second movements of individual travelers and applying parallel processing and cellular automata methods. Although TRANSIMS addresses some of the existing problems in dynamic traffic assignment models, more studies on it and improvements in it are still needed.
Null geodesics, quasinormal modes, and thermodynamic phase transition for charged black holes in asymptotically flat and dS spacetimes
Creators: name: Wei, Shao-Wen
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The numerical study indicates that there exists a relation between the quasinormal modes and the Davies point for a black hole. In this paper, we analytically study this relation for the charged Reissner-Nordström black holes in asymptotically flat and dS spacetimes. In the eikonal limit, the angular velocity $Ω$ and the Lyapunov exponent $λ$ of the photon sphere, respectively, corresponding to the real and imaginary parts of the quasinormal modes are obtained from the null geodesics. Both in asymptotically flat and dS spacetimes, we observe the spiral-like shapes in the complex quasinormal mode plane. However, the starting point of the shapes do not coincide with the Davies point. Nevertheless, we find a new relation that the Davies point exactly meet the maximum of the temperature $T$ in the $T$-$Ω$ and $T$-$λ$ planes. In higher dimensional asymptotically flat spacetime, even there is no the spiral-like shape, such relation still holds. Therefore, we provide a new relation between the black hole thermodynamics and dynamics. Applying this relation, we can test the black hole thermodynamic property by the quasinormal modes.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, and 2 tables
Additional file 1: of The anatomy of the Milošević trial (2001–2006)
Creators: name: Abtahi, Hirad
name: Dawson, Grant
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Tables of “Counts”. The file contains the tables of the counts with which Milošević was charged. (PDF 97.3 kb)
SAFE EGRESS FROM DEEP STATIONS Flawed Criteria in NFPA 130
Creators: name: Landow, Herbert L.
name: Landow, Herbert L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Risk and Uncertainty

description: The design of railway stations includes the consideration of emergency evacuation requirements. These are written in NFPA 130, a standard of the National Fire Protection Association. If a standard is faulty or inappropriate in any way, the flaw has far reaching consequences. The Code 130 is an example of a flawed code. As such it deserves our immediate attention and improvement. The code fails to properly measure egress rates from deep stations. The paper reviews the reasons for this and indicates corrective action.
Recent Developments in the Aviation Insurance Industry
Creators: name: Hayes, Paul
name: Flouris, Triant
name: Walker, Thomas
name: Hayes, Paul
name: Flouris, Triant
name: Walker, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Financial Economics
Productivity Analysis
Public Economics

description: Aviation accidents have the potential to result in large property damages and losses of human life. This paper provides an overview of how the airline insurance industry works. We will take a look on how the risk is spread between insurers, how insurers treat deliberate acts of violence and, lastly, how insurers price the risk. Our paper shows that the way the aviation insurance market is structured reveals highly sophisticated risk management practices. To minimize their risk exposure, large potential liabilities are shared by means of a complicated system among several insurers. Furthermore, the paper shows that the insurance market has adjusted to the post 9-11 aviation insurance realities being reasonably ready to handle events of an even more catastrophic magnitude.
of The anatomy of the MiloĹĄeviÄ trial (2001â 2006)
Creators: name: Abtahi, Hirad
name: Dawson, Grant
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: of The anatomy of the MiloĹĄeviÄ trial (2001â 2006)
Implementation in Advised Strategies: Welfare Guarantees from Posted-Price Mechanisms when Demand Queries are NP-hard
Creators: name: Cai, Linda
name: Thomas, Clayton
name: Weinberg, S. Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: State-of-the-art posted-price mechanisms for submodular bidders with $m$ items achieve approximation guarantees of $O((\log \log m)^3)$ [Assadi and Singla, 2019]. Their truthfulness, however, requires bidders to compute an NP-hard demand-query. Some computational complexity of this form is unavoidable, as it is NP-hard for truthful mechanisms to guarantee even an $m^{1/2-\varepsilon}$-approximation for any $\varepsilon > 0$ [Dobzinski and Vondrák, 2016]. Together, these establish a stark distinction between computationally-efficient and communication-efficient truthful mechanisms. We show that this distinction disappears with a mild relaxation of truthfulness, which we term implementation in advised strategies, and that has been previously studied in relation to "Implementation in Undominated Strategies" [Babaioff et al, 2009]. Specifically, advice maps a tentative strategy either to that same strategy itself, or one that dominates it. We say that a player follows advice as long as they never play actions which are dominated by advice. A poly-time mechanism guarantees an $α$-approximation in implementation in advised strategies if there exists poly-time advice for each player such that an $α$-approximation is achieved whenever all players follow advice. Using an appropriate bicriterion notion of approximate demand queries (which can be computed in poly-time), we establish that (a slight modification of) the [Assadi and Singla, 2019] mechanism achieves the same $O((\log \log m)^3)$-approximation in implementation in advised strategies.
Additional file 2: of The anatomy of the Milošević trial (2001–2006)
Creators: name: Abtahi, Hirad
name: Dawson, Grant
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Quantitative data on evidence. Notwithstanding the Trial Chamber’s denial of the Prosecution’s motion to reopen its case-in-chief in relation to the Bosnia and Kosovo indictments in December 2005 (in January 2006, the Chamber denied the Prosecution’s motion for certification of an interlocutory appeal of this decision; Prosecutor v. Milošević 18 January 2006), by the time the trial was terminated, a prodigious amount of evidence had been presented by both parties, in addition to 49,191 pages of transcripts. The tables in the file attempt to capture the sheer volume of the evidence. (PDF 97.4 kb)
TRESPASSING ON THE RAILROAD
Creators: name: Savage, Ian
name: Savage, Ian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: More than half of the fatal injuries on the railroads in the United States are sustained by trespassers. The paper provides a statistical analysis of the demographics of trespassers, the activities the trespassers were engaged in, and the causes of injury. It also analyzes trends over time and between different parts of the country. The paper finds that the risks of injury and death are particularly acute for males in their 20s and 30s. The total number of annual casualties has remained relatively stable in recent decades because growing affluence, which tends to reduce risk-taking behavior, has been balanced by increases in railroad activity and the size of the population.
Fast Cross-validation for Multi-penalty High-dimensional Ridge Regression
Creators: name: Van De Wiel, Mark A.
name: Mirrelijn M. Van Nee
name: Rauschenberger, Armin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: High-dimensional prediction with multiple data types needs to account for potentially strong differences in predictive signal. Ridge regression is a simple model for high-dimensional data that has challenged the predictive performance of many more complex models and learners, and that allows inclusion of data type-specific penalties. The largest challenge for multi-penalty ridge is to optimize these penalties efficiently in a cross-validation (CV) setting, in particular for GLM and Cox ridge regression, which require an additional estimation loop by iterative weighted least squares (IWLS). Our main contribution is a computationally very efficient formula for the multi-penalty, sample-weighted hat-matrix, as used in the IWLS algorithm. As a result, nearly all computations are in low-dimensional space, rendering a speed-up of several orders of magnitude. We developed a flexible framework that facilitates multiple types of response, unpenalized covariates, several performance criteria and repeated CV. Extensions to paired and preferential data types are included and illustrated on several cancer genomics survival prediction problems. Moreover, we present similar computational shortcuts for maximum marginal likelihood and Bayesian probit regression. The corresponding R-package, multiridge, serves as a versatile standalone tool, but also as a fast benchmark for other more complex models and multi-view learners. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Navigating Uncertainty: An Ethnography of Everyday Transport with Families of Children with Disability in Australia
Creators: name: MAHER, IRIS
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 440107
subject: Social and cultural anthropology

description: Children with disability often cannot use standard child car seats because they do not always tend to the child’s physical or sensory needs; they therefore require special purpose car seats. This thesis presents how parents of children with disability go about acquiring these special purpose car seats. It examines the uncertainty parents experience when faced with the organisational and institutional barriers to funding and sanctioning of the use of these devices necessary for their everyday travel.
title: Психологические основы работы с молодежью
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2025

description: В учебном пособии рассматриваются основные особенности развития личности в молодежном возрасте, а также предложены психотехнологии работы в период перехода от подросткового возраста к юности и ранней взрослости. Представлены содержание лекций, задания для практических занятий, а также для самостоятельной работы студентов, формы и содержание текущего контроля. Подготовлено в соответствии с Федеральным государственным образовательным стандартом высшего образования. Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по направлению подготовки «Психолого-педагогическое образование», изучающих дисциплины «Психологические основы работы с молодежью», «Психолого-педагогические основы работы с подростками и молодежью». Данное пособие будет полезно также педагогам-психологам, работающим с молодежью.
Iterated commutators under a joint condition on the tuple of multiplying functions
Creators: name: Hytönen, Tuomas
name: Li, Kangwei
name: Oikari, Tuomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B20

description: We present a pair of joint conditions on the two functions $b_1,b_2$ strictly weaker than $b_1,b_2\in \operatorname{BMO}$ that almost characterize the $L^2$ boundedness of the iterated commutator $[b_2,[b_1,T]]$ of these functions and a Calderón-Zygmund operator $T.$ Namely, we sandwich this boundedness between two bisublinear mean oscillation conditions of which one is a slightly bumped up version of the other.
description: 14 pages, article restructured for improved presentation in accordance with referee comments
ITS Transit Case Studies: Making a Case for Coordination of Community Transportation Services Using ITS
Creators: name: Ripplinger, David
name: Peterson, Del
name: Ripplinger, David
name: Peterson, Del
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Advances in computers, telecommunications, and information system technologies have led to the development of a wide range of applications that can improve the efficiency and quality of service for all forms of transportation, including public transit. At the same time, the concept of managing the mobility of a community’s residents individually has emerged in many organizations across the country. Until recently, government policy, legal restrictions, and community desires discouraged if not prevented various transportation providers from working together. In this study, the experiences of three organizations: Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation (SMART); Reach Your Destination Easily (RYDE); and ndinfo.org in planning, implementing and operating Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) to meet the mobility needs of its residents through improved coordination are reviewed. Developing and maintaining an intelligent transportation system can be quite demanding. Doing so on a community rather than an agency level basis provides for a number of efficiencies both during planning and operational phases.
Deployment Strategies for Paratransit Computer-Assisted Scheduling and Dispatching Systems: Results from a Focus Group in Illinois
Creators: name: Metaxatos, Paul
name: Metaxatos, Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The level of realized positive impacts from computer-assisted scheduling and dispatching (CASD) systems depends on the specifics of each implementation plan and the overall deployment strategy that is contemplated early in the procurement process. Moreover, with increasing numbers of local CASD system implementations, state departments of transportation have only recently realized the need to incorporate feedback from paratransit providers in developing statewide strategies regarding future deployments of such systems. While considering the variety of needs of Illinois paratransit operators, this paper develops three different CASD deployment scenarios: a centralized, a decentralized, and a regional deployment. The consensus from a focus group was that a hybrid approach that combines the strengths of the decentralized and regional approaches should be further pursued. The total cost of ownership for the preferred alternatives is also developed.
UBVJHKLM photometry and modeling of R Coronae Borealis
Creators: name: Yudin, B. F.
name: Fernie, J. D.
name: Ikhsanov, N. R.
name: Shenavrin, V. I.
name: Weigelt, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of UBVJHKLM photometry of R CrB spanning the period from 1976 to 2001. Studies of the optical light curve have shown no evidence of any stable harmonics in the variations of the stellar emission. In the L band we found semi-regular oscillations with the two main periods of ~3.3 yr and 11.9 yr and the full amplitude of ~0.8 mag and ~0.6 mag, respectively. The colors of the warm dust shell (resolved by Ohnaka et al. 2001) are found to be remarkably stable in contrast to its brightness. This indicates that the inner radius is a constant, time-independent characteristic of the dust shell. The observed behavior of the IR light curve is mainly caused by the variation of the optical thickness of the dust shell within the interval τ(V)= 0.2-0.4. Anticorrelated changes of the optical brightness (in particular with P ~ 3.3 yr) have not been found. Their absence suggests that the stellar wind of R CrB deviates from spherical symmetry. The light curves suggest that the stellar wind is variable. The variability of the stellar wind and the creation of dust clouds may be caused by some kind of activity on the stellar surface. With some time lag, periods of increased mass-loss cause an increase in the dust formation rate at the inner boundary of the extended dust shell and an increase in its IR brightness. We have derived the following parameters of the dust shell (at mean brightness) by radiative transfer modeling: inner dust shell radius r_in ~ 110 R_*, temperature T_dust(r_in) ~ 860 K, dust density ρ_dust(r_in) ~ 1.1x10^{-20} g cm^-3, optical depth τ(V) ~ 0.32 at 0.55 micron, mean dust formation rate [dM/dt]_dust ~ 3.1x10^-9 M_sun / yr, mass-loss rate [dM/dt]_gas ~ 2.1x10^-7 M_sun / yr, size of the amorphous carbon grains
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Controllability Under Positive Constraints for Quasilinear Parabolic PDEs
Creators: name: Nuñez-Chávez, Miguel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K59, 93C20 (Primary) 35K15 (Secondary)

description: This paper deals with the analysis of the internal control with constraint of positive kind of a parabolic PDE with nonlinear diffusion when the time horizon is large enough. The minimal controllability time will be strictly positive. We prove a global steady state constrained controllability result for a quasilinear parabolic with nonlinearity in the diffusion term. Then, under suitable dissipative assumption in the system and local controllability results, we conclude the result to any initial datum and any target trajectory.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1711.07678 by other authors
Improved photometric redshifts with colour-constrained galaxy templates for future wide-area surveys
Creators: name: Lee, Bomee
name: Chary, Ranga-Ram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmology and galaxy evolution studies with LSST, \Euclid, and {\it Roman}, will require accurate redshifts for the detected galaxies. In this study, we present improved photometric redshift estimates for galaxies using a template library that populates three-color space and is constrained by \HST/CANDELS photometry. For the training sample, we use a sample of galaxies having photometric redshifts which allows us to train on a large, unbiased galaxy sample having deep, unconfused photometry at optical-to-mid infrared wavelengths. Galaxies in the training sample are assigned to cubes in three-dimensional color space, $V-H$, $I-J$, and $z-H$. We then derive the best-fit spectral energy distributions of the training sample at the fixed CANDELS median photometric redshifts to construct the new template library for each individual color cube (i.e. color-cube-based template library). We derive photometric redshifts (photo-z) of our target galaxies using our new color-cube-based template library and with photometry in only a limited set of bands, as expected for the aforementioned surveys. As a result, our method yields $σ_{NMAD}$ of 0.026 and an outlier fraction of 6\% using only photometry in the LSST and \Euclid/{\it Roman} bands. This is an improvement of $\sim$10\% on $σ_{NMAD}$ and a reduction in outlier fraction of $\sim$13\% compared to other techniques. In particular, we improve the photo-z precision by about 30\% at $2 < z < 3$. We also assess photo-z improvements by including $K$ or mid-infrared bands to the $ugrizYJH$ photometry. Our color-cube-based template library is a powerful tool to constrain photometric redshifts for future large surveys.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables; MNRAS submitted
Quantum secure learning with classical samples
Creators: name: Song, Wooyeong
name: Lim, Youngrong
name: Kwon, Hyukjoon
name: Adesso, Gerardo
name: Wieśniak, Marcin
name: Pawłowski, Marcin
name: Kim, Jaewan
name: Bang, Jeongho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies addressing the question "Can a learner complete the learning securely?" have recently been spurred from the standpoints of fundamental theory and potential applications. In the relevant context of this question, we present a classical-quantum hybrid sampling protocol and define a security condition that allows only legitimate learners to prepare a finite set of samples that guarantees the success of the learning; the security condition excludes intruders. We do this by combining our security concept with the bound of the so-called probably approximately correct (PAC) learning. We show that while the lower bound on the learning samples guarantees PAC learning, an upper bound can be derived to rule out adversarial learners. Such a secure learning condition is appealing, because it is defined only by the size of samples required for the successful learning and is independent of the algorithm employed. Notably, the security stems from the fundamental quantum no-broadcasting principle. No such condition can thus occur in any classical regime, where learning samples can be copied. Owing to the hybrid architecture, our scheme also offers a practical advantage for implementation in noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Nonmonotonic d_{x^2-y^2} Superconducting Order Parameter in Nd_{2-x}Ce_xCuO_4
Creators: name: Blumberg, G.
name: Koitzsch, A.
name: Gozar, A.
name: Dennis, B. S.
name: Kendziora, C. A.
name: Fournier, P.
name: Greene, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low energy polarized electronic Raman scattering of the electron doped superconductor Nd_1.85Ce_0.15CuO_4 (T_c=22 K) has revealed a nonmonotonic d_{x^2-y^2} superconducting order parameter. It has a maximum gap of 4.4 k_BT_c at Fermi surface intersections with antiferromagnetic Brillouin zone (the ``hot spots'') and a smaller gap of 3.3 k_BT_c at fermionic Brillouin zone boundaries. The gap enhancement in the vicinity of the ``hot spots'' emphasizes role of antiferromagnetic fluctuations and similarity in the origin of superconductivity for electron- and hole-doped cuprates.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures