cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Truth-bias under Incentives2
Creators: name: Pantazi, Myrto
name: Klein, Olivier
name: Kissine, Mikhail
name: Flade, Felicitas
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: epistemic monitoring
subject: incentives
subject: multinomial tree processing
subject: truth-bias

description: In a previous study we found that financial incentives eliminated the truth-bias: a non-inentivized group was affected by explicitly false information they heard about two crime reports and tended to misremember such information as true; these truth-bias effects were not detected in a financially incentivised group. This study will seek to understand whether incentives affect the way people process or rather recollect and use information.
Reproducibility and Replicability in a Fast-paced Methodological World
Creators: name: Epskamp, Sacha
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Methodological developments and software implementations progress in increasingly faster time frames. The introduction and widespread acceptance of preprint archived reports and open-source software make state-of-the-art statistical methods readily accessible to researchers. At the same time, researchers increasingly emphasize that their results should be reproducible (obtaining the same numeric results at a later stage), which is a basic requirement for assessing the replicability (obtaining the same conclusions at a later stage) of results. Although this age of fast-paced methodology greatly facilitates reproducibility and replicability, it also undermines them in ways not often realized by researchers. The goal of this paper is to draw researchers’ attention to these threats and to propose guidelines to help minimize their impact. Reproducibility may be influenced by software development and change over time: a problem that is greatly compounded by the rising dependency between software packages. Replicability is impacted by rapidly changing standards, researcher degrees of freedom, and possible bugs or errors in a code made by software developers or empirical researchers implementing an analysis. This paper concludes with a list of recommendations for methodologists to improve the reproducibility and replicability of their results.
Polystylism and Timbral Form in Alfred Schnittke's Viola Concerto
Creators: name: Zimmerman, Stephanie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Alfred Schnittke’s Viola Concerto is a landmark twentieth-century work that has received little attention in the scholarly and critical literature. The purpose of this thesis to fill this lacuna with a study interpreting the work from four sides: the biographical, historical, technical, and hermeneutic. Historically and biographically, the Concerto was the gateway to the final decade of Schnittke’s artistic life—an era in which he sought to express a personal tragedy: his experience of debilitating strokes. He called the Concerto that was completed just before his first stroke, “a premonition of what was to come.” I understand the three movements of Concerto programmatically as a musical expression of his life before the first major stroke, the experience of the stroke itself, and finally his life after the stroke. As his physicality weakened, Schnittke’s technical ability to express musical ideas came to full power through his compositional procedures of polystylism and timbral form. My thesis scrutinizes the technical aspects of the three movements that present the aforementioned program above through repeated pitches pulsing like a heartbeat; descending chromatic scales, a trope of pain and suffering; trill figures connoting anxiety; widely spaced themes encoding his own name and that of the dedicatee, violist Yuri Bashmet; timbral consonance, dissonance, modulation shaping distorted temporal narratives; and quotations from Beethoven’s Piano Sonata No. 3 , Op. 2, no. 3 and Stravinsky’s The Rite of Spring feeding into the underlying tragic narrative.
Cnidoscolus adenochlamys Fern. Casas, Fontqueria
Creators: name: Maya-Lastra, Carlos A.
name: Steinmann, Victor W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Cnidoscolus
Cnidoscolus adenochlamys

description: 5. Cnidoscolus adenochlamys Fern.Casas, Fontqueria 55: 184 (2004). Type:— BRAZIL. Maranhão: São Luis, Vinhais, 8 January 1998, A. Salino 3872 (holotype MBM-0256212!; isotype BHCB-000125!).
 Distribution:— Brazil (regional endemic).
description: Published as part of Maya-Lastra, Carlos A. & Steinmann, Victor W., 2018, A Nomenclator of Cnidoscolus (Euphorbiaceae), pp. 1-30 in Phytotaxa 346 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.346.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13708395
Orientational bond and Néel order in the two-dimensional ionic Hubbard model
Creators: name: Hafez-Torbati, Mohsen
name: Uhrig, Götz S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unconventional phases often occur where two competing mechanisms compensate. An excellent example is the ionic Hubbard model where the alternating local potential $δ$, favoring a band insulator (BI), competes with the local repulsion $U$, favoring a Mott insulator (MI). By continuous unitary transformations we derive effective models in which we study the softening of various excitons. The softening signals the instability towards new phases that we describe on the mean-field level. On increasing $U$ from the BI in two dimensions, we find a bond-ordered phase breaking orientational symmetry due to a d-wave component. Then, antiferromagnetic order appears coexisting with the d-wave bond order. Finally, the d-wave order vanishes and a Néel-type MI persists.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Correlation between seismicity and topographic lineaments in western North Carolina
Creators: name: Robinson, Hannah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: To discover what is causing earthquakes in western North Carolina, I conducted research to confirm my hypothesis that earthquakes in western North Carolina lie in planes that correlate to  topographic lineaments, and thus, to active fault zones. In North Carolina, the only known active fault is the Boone fault, which lies in the northwest corner of the state. A small fault, it is unlikely that the Boone fault could cause all of the earthquakes in the western portion of the state. In order to test my hypothesis, I compiled data from various sources. This included taking strike and dip measurements of outcrop fractures, studying structural and geologic deformation, and using ArcGIS software to analyze the location of earthquake hypocenters found from the USGS database. I found evidence to support my hypothesis, where earthquakes and their subsequent damage lied parallel or closely parallel to the topographic lineaments surrounding them. My findings support the notion that, in addition to the Boone fault, there are more young and active faults in western North Carolina.
Total Synthesis of a Natural Product Analogue of (-)-Pironetin and Efforts Towards a Synthesis of Aquatolide
Creators: name: Coyne, Glynis L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Various efforts have been made to synthesize derivatives of pironetin. The first part of the work I have completed is the synthesis of an analogue of pironetin whose chain is truncated so that carbon 10 is dimethyl-substituted and no longer a stereocenter, using the Crimmins iterative aldol addition methodology. The advantage of this iterative aldol approach is that it can be easily adapted to the synthesis of simplified pironetin analogues.
By examining the biological activity of this pironetin analogue, greater insight into the binding mechanism of pironetin and its derivatives on α-tubulin could be gained. An improved understanding of the biologically relevant site of the pironetin molecule could help advance the development of a potential cancer treatment. In addition, if the biological activity of this truncated pironetin analogue were found to be similar to that of pironetin, this molecule could theoretically be more conducive to pharmaceutical development than pironetin, as the reduction in number of stereocenters reduces the need for stereoselectivity.
Train Flat, Then Compress: Sharpness-Aware Minimization Learns More Compressible Models
Creators: name: Na, Clara
name: Mehta, Sanket Vaibhav
name: Strubell, Emma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Model compression by way of parameter pruning, quantization, or distillation has recently gained popularity as an approach for reducing the computational requirements of modern deep neural network models for NLP. Inspired by prior works suggesting a connection between simpler, more generalizable models and those that lie within wider loss basins, we hypothesize that optimizing for flat minima should lead to simpler parameterizations and thus more compressible models. We propose to combine sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) with various task-specific model compression methods, including iterative magnitude pruning (IMP), structured pruning with a distillation objective, and post-training dynamic quantization. Empirically, we show that optimizing for flatter minima consistently leads to greater compressibility of parameters compared to vanilla Adam when fine-tuning BERT models, with little to no loss in accuracy on the GLUE text classification and SQuAD question answering benchmarks. Moreover, SAM finds superior winning tickets during IMP that 1) are amenable to vanilla Adam optimization, and 2) transfer more effectively across tasks.
description: EMNLP 2022 Findings, 28 pages
Interplay between pair density waves and random field disorders in the pseudogap regime of cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Chan, Cheung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To capture various experimental results in the pseudogap regime of the underdoped cuprate superconductors for temperature $T
description: 20+9 pages, 10+9 figs, minor modifications, removed section VI. To appear in PRB
7-5-29-641 (3).pdf
Creators: name: Rajput, Kumkum
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Agronomy

description: Abstract Leptocoris augur is a pest of kusum plant (Schleichera oleosa), which in turn is a host of lac insect. The bug is parasitized by a mermithid nematode, Hexamermis vishwakarma, which naturally checks rapid built-up of bug population. The present work reports the results of cholesterol content in different tissue such as Gonads (i.e., testes and ovaries), muscles and haemolymph of parasitized bugs. The total extracted cholesterol was estimated by the method of Annino (1976) and Frings, etal, (1972). The concentration of total cholesterol in control bug (L. augur) was very high in the haemolymph as compared to that of the parasitized bugs. The cholesterol content of fat body and muscles of L. augur (host) was diminished by H. vishwakarma infections. This increasing trend in cholesterol level was observed before the emergence of parasitic juvenile from the host body in female and male bugs. The cholesterol level in haemolymph increased by the mermithid parasitism in reproductive organs of both the sexes. But, in gonads the average level of cholesterol was also found to be depleted as the parasitism advances as compared to control one.
Variability in a Young, L/T Transition Planetary-Mass Object
Creators: name: Biller, Beth A.
name: Vos, Johanna
name: Bonavita, Mariangela
name: Buenzli, Esther
name: Baxter, Claire
name: Crossfield, Ian J. M.
name: Allers, Katelyn
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Bonnefoy, Mickaël
name: Deacon, Niall
name: Brandner, Wolfgang
name: Schlieder, Joshua E.
name: Dupuy, Trent
name: Kopytova, Taisiya
name: Manjavacas, Elena
name: Allard, France
name: Homeier, Derek
name: Henning, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As part of our ongoing NTT SoFI survey for variability in young free-floating planets and low mass brown dwarfs, we detect significant variability in the young, free-floating planetary mass object PSO J318.5-22, likely due to rotational modulation of inhomogeneous cloud cover. A member of the 23$\pm$3 Myr $β$ Pic moving group, PSO J318.5-22 has T$_\mathrm{eff}$ = 1160$^{+30}_{-40}$ K and a mass estimate of 8.3$\pm$0.5 M$_{Jup}$ for a 23$\pm$3 Myr age. PSO J318.5-22 is intermediate in mass between 51 Eri b and $β$ Pic b, the two known exoplanet companions in the $β$ Pic moving group. With variability amplitudes from 7-10$\%$ in J$_{S}$ at two separate epochs over 3-5 hour observations, we constrain the rotational period of this object to $>$5 hours. In K$_{S}$, we marginally detect a variability trend of up to 3$\%$ over a 3 hour observation. This is the first detection of weather on an extrasolar planetary mass object. Among L dwarfs surveyed at high-photometric precision ($
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted to ApJ letters
A generalization of cellular automata over groups
Creators: name: Castillo-Ramirez, A.
name: Sanchez-Alvarez, M.
name: Vazquez-Aceves, A.
name: Zaldivar-Corichi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 37B15, 68Q80

description: Let $G$ be a group and let $A$ be a finite set with at least two elements. A cellular automaton (CA) over $A^G$ is a function $τ: A^G \to A^G$ defined via a finite memory set $S \subseteq G$ and a local function $μ:A^S \to A$. The goal of this paper is to introduce the definition of a generalized cellular automaton (GCA) $τ: A^G \to A^H$, where $H$ is another arbitrary group, via a group homomorphism $ϕ: H \to G$. Our definition preserves the essence of CA, as we prove analogous versions of three key results in the theory of CA: a generalized Curtis-Hedlund Theorem for GCA, a Theorem of Composition for GCA, and a Theorem of Invertibility for GCA. When $G=H$, we prove that the group of invertible GCA over $A^G$ is isomorphic to a semidirect product of $\text{Aut}(G)^{op}$ and the group of invertible CA. Finally, we apply our results to study automorphisms of the monoid $\text{CA}(G;A)$ consisting of all CA over $A^G$. In particular, we show that every $ϕ\in \text{Aut}(G)$ defines an automorphism of $\text{CA}(G;A)$ via conjugation by the invertible GCA defined by $ϕ$, and that, when $G$ is abelian, $\text{Aut}(G)$ is embedded in the outer automorphism group of $\text{CA}(G;A)$.
description: 11 pages
Neural Improvement Heuristics for Graph Combinatorial Optimization Problems
Creators: name: Garmendia, Andoni I.
name: Ceberio, Josu
name: Mendiburu, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in graph neural network architectures and increased computation power have revolutionized the field of combinatorial optimization (CO). Among the proposed models for CO problems, Neural Improvement (NI) models have been particularly successful. However, existing NI approaches are limited in their applicability to problems where crucial information is encoded in the edges, as they only consider node features and node-wise positional encodings. To overcome this limitation, we introduce a novel NI model capable of handling graph-based problems where information is encoded in the nodes, edges, or both. The presented model serves as a fundamental component for hill-climbing-based algorithms that guide the selection of neighborhood operations for each iteration. Conducted experiments demonstrate that the proposed model can recommend neighborhood operations that outperform conventional versions for the Preference Ranking Problem with a performance in the 99th percentile. We also extend the proposal to two well-known problems: the Traveling Salesman Problem and the Graph Partitioning Problem, recommending operations in the 98th and 97th percentile, respectively.
Feynman identity for planar graphs
Creators: name: da Costa, G. A. T. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Feynman identity (FI) of a planar graph relates the Euler polynomial of the graph to an infinite product over the equivalence classes of closed nonperiodic signed cycles in the graph. The main objectives of this paper are to compute the number of equivalence classes of nonperiodic cycles of given length and sign in a planar graph and to interpret the data encoded by the FI in the context of free Lie superalgebras. This solves in the case of planar graphs a problem first raised by S. Sherman and sets the FI as the denominator identity of a free Lie superalgebra generated from a graph. Other results are obtained. For instance, in connection with zeta functions of graphs.
description: 19 pages
The Boussinesq approximation for buoyant flows
Creators: name: Barletta, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this communication is to present a simplified, yet rigorous, deduction of the Boussinesq approximated governing equations for buoyant flows. In order to carry out the core deduction procedure, a simplified version of the manifold asymptotic analyses available in the literature is discussed. The method adopted in this study is focussed on the local balance equations valid for a general, not necessarily Newtonian, fluid. The analysis is carried out by demonstrating the leading order terms in the governing equations for the asymptotic limit which characterises the approximation. The role played by the effect of viscous dissipation is also taken into account.
description: 8 pages
Pinning Susceptibility: The effect of dilute, quenched disorder on jamming
Creators: name: Graves, Amy L.
name: Nashed, Samer
name: Padgett, Elliot
name: Goodrich, Carl P.
name: Liu, Andrea J.
name: Sethna, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of dilute pinning on the jamming transition. Pinning reduces the average contact number needed to jam unpinned particles and shifts the jamming threshold to lower densities, leading to a pinning susceptibility, $χ_p$. Our main results are that this susceptibility obeys scaling form and diverges in the thermodynamic limit as $χ_p \propto |ϕ- ϕ_c^\infty|^{-γ_p}$ where $ϕ_c^\infty$ is the jamming threshold in the absence of pins. Finite-size scaling arguments yield these values with associated statistical (systematic) errors $γ_p = 1.018 \pm 0.026 (0.291) $ in $d=2$ and $γ_p =1.534 \pm 0.120 (0.822)$ in $d=3$. Logarithmic corrections raise the exponent in $d=2$ to close to the $d=3$ value, although the systematic errors are very large.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures (1a, 1b, 2, 3a, 3b, 3c)
Computational nonlinear vibration analysis for distributed geometrical nonlinearities in structural dynamics
Creators: name: Lian, Shuqing
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: The demand to reduce the impact of aviation on the environment is leading jet engine manu- facturers to increase the fuel and propulsion efficiency of the engines. This in turn is pushing materials to their physical limits by undergoing increasingly higher thermo-mechanical loads. In this regime, blades and other engine components are subjected to large deforma- tions generating nonlinearities that activate new failure mechanisms not dealt with before. Therefore, vibration analysis is essential to develop new methodologies for the accurate prediction of components’ behaviour. This research focuses on investigating the effect of the distributed geometric nonlinearities and rotational speed on the dynamic behaviour of three-dimensional structures. The Green-Lagrange strain measures are employed in this research to express the nonlinear relationship between the displacement and the strain. The nonlinear algorithms used for the numerical simulations are developed based on the Finite Element Method combined with the Harmonic Balance method. The complex geometries are discretised by using the geometric exact three-dimensional solid elements. The forced response functions and the backbone curves for the steady-state response of the nonlinear system can be computed. The research aims to develop and validate methodologies for the identification and control of undesired vibration modes which will inform new design choices. Finite element modelling of the blades generally involves an immense number of degree-of-freedoms, which could be infeasible to compute. The reduced order modelling (ROM) techniques are crucial for achieving an accurate prediction of the nonlinear behaviour in an efficient way. Detailed computation strategies for the intrusive ROM methods are delivered. ROM techniques based on the linear and nonlinear mapping between the full model and the reduced basis are presented. The capabilities and limitations of both methods are assessed. The projection method based on the linear eigenmodes only has a slow converge to the full system. On the other hand, the quadratic manifold method with the static modal derivatives involved in the reduced coordinates provides a fast convergence.
Cnidoscolus aequatoriensis Fern. Casas & J. M. Pizarro, Fontqueria
Creators: name: Maya-Lastra, Carlos A.
name: Steinmann, Victor W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Cnidoscolus
Cnidoscolus aequatoriensis

description: 6. Cnidoscolus aequatoriensis Fern.Casas & J.M.Pizarro, Fontqueria 55: 53 (2002). Type:— ECUADOR. Pichincha: Carretera Quito–Mitad del Mundo–Perucho–Guayllabamba, 0°3 ′ 0 ″ N, 78°25 ′ 0 ″ W, 1500–2500 m, 17 April 1987, V. Zak & J.L. Jaramillo A. 1978 (holotype MO; isotypes ARIZ-BOT0004184!, DAV, F, GB-0047693!, K-000254074!, K-000254075!, MEXU-00632013!, TEX, NY-01288114!).
 Distribution:— Ecuador (regional endemic).
description: Published as part of Maya-Lastra, Carlos A. & Steinmann, Victor W., 2018, A Nomenclator of Cnidoscolus (Euphorbiaceae), pp. 1-30 in Phytotaxa 346 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.346.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13708395
Topologically protected generation of spatiotemporal optical vortices with nonlocal spatial-mirror-symmetry-breaking metasurface
Creators: name: Huang, Junyi
name: Zhang, Hongliang
name: Zhu, Tengfeng
name: Ruan, Zhichao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently nonlocal spatial-mirror-symmetry-breaking metasurfaces have been proposed to generate spatiotemporal optical vortices (STOVs), which carry transverse orbital angular momenta. Here we investigate the topological property of the STOV generator and show that spatial mirror symmetry breaking introduces a synthetic parameter dimension associated with the metasurface geometry. Furthermore, we demonstrate that there are well-defined vortices emerging with the synthetic parameter dimension, which can topologically protect the STOV generation robustly against structural perturbations and disorders. Since the vortices are always `created' or `annihilated' together in pairs of opposite charges in the ${{k}_{x}}\!-\!ω$ domain, the total topological charge of these vortices is a conserved quantity. Our studies not only provide a new topological perspective for STOV generation but also lay a solid foundation for potential applications of STOV metasurfaces integrated with other optoelectronic devices, because of their robust immunity to fabrication defects.
Rest-frame UV single-epoch black hole mass estimates of low-luminosity AGN at intermediate redshifts
Creators: name: Karouzos, Marios
name: Woo, Jong-Hak
name: Matsuoka, Kenta
name: Kochanek, Christopher S.
name: Onken, Christopher A.
name: Kollmeier, Juna A.
name: Park, Dawoo
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Kim, Sang Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to accurately derive black hole (BH) masses at progressively higher redshifts and over a wide range of continuum luminosities has become indispensable in the era of large-area extragalactic spectroscopic surveys. In this paper we present an extension of existing comparisons between rest-frame UV and optical virial BH mass estimators to intermediate redshifts and luminosities comparable to the local H$β$ reverberation mapped active galactic nuclei (AGN). We focus on the MgII, CIV, and CIII] broad emission lines and compare them to both H$α$ and H$β$. We use newly acquired near-infrared spectra from the FMOS instrument on the Subaru telescope for 89 broad-lined AGN at redshifts between 0.3 and 3.5, complemented by data from the AGES survey. We employ two different prescriptions for measuring the emission line widths and compare the results. We confirm that MgII shows a tight correlation with H$α$ and H$β$, with a scatter of ~0.25 dex. The CIV and CIII] estimators, while showing larger scatter, are viable virial mass estimators after accounting for a trend with the UV-to-optical luminosity ratio. We find an intrinsic scatter of ~0.37 dex between Balmer and carbon virial estimators by combining our dataset with previous high redshift measurements. This updated comparison spans a total of 3 decades in BH mass. We calculate a virial factor for CIV/CIII] logf(CIV/CIII])=0.87 with an estimated systematic uncertainty of ~0.4 dex and find excellent agreement between the local reverberation mapped AGN sample and our high-z sample.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables (including all UV and optical broad emission line widths and continuum luminosities), accepted for publication in ApJ
Roles of Cytokinetic Ring Proteins GCK-1 and CCM-3 in the C. elegans Zygote
Creators: name: Doshi, Anusha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Cancer often involves abnormalities at the cellular level, such as errors in cytokinesis, the physical partitioning of two daughter cells by means of an actomyosin contractile ring. Novel cytokinetic ring proteins, GCK-1, a serine/threonine kinase, and CCM-3, its cofactor, had been implicated in cell shape changes and Rho activity. While it was clear that both proteins regulate contractility, it was not clear what role they played in C. elegans zygote polarization and cytokinesis, two Rho-regulated contractile events. Here, we determined the roles of GCK-1 and CCM-3 during polarization and cytokinesis. We first tested their interdependence and found that GCK-1 is required for the cytoplasmic stability of CCM-3 and that CCM-3 targets GCK-1 to the cortex. We then examined protein enrichment on the cortex of the C. elegans zygote and found that both GCK-1 and CCM-3 were segregated to the anterior cortex in patches. To assess whether GCK-1 and CCM-3 regulated or were regulated by polarity proteins, we first depleted both proteins and found no resulting perturbance of polarity. We then depleted polarity proteins and found that the asymmetric distributions of GCK-1 and CCM-3 were diminished. Together, these results allowed us to conclude that GCK-1 and CCM-3 act downstream of polarity establishing proteins. Lastly, we measured contractility by tabulating ingression time, the size of the anterior polarity cap, and myosin recruitment to the cortex in order to assess the roles of GCK-1 and CCM-3 in cytokinesis. In doing so, we found that GCK-1 and CCM-3 negatively regulate contractility during cytokinesis in the C. elegans zygote by acting on RhoA. Understanding the regulation of cytokinesis has important implications in understanding the cytokinetic abnormalities that result in the formation of diseases such as cancer.
Cnidoscolus albibracteatus Fern. Casas & J. M. Pizarro, Fontqueria
Creators: name: Maya-Lastra, Carlos A.
name: Steinmann, Victor W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Cnidoscolus
Cnidoscolus albibracteatus

description: 7. Cnidoscolus albibracteatus Fern.Casas & J.M.Pizarro, Fontqueria 55: 148 (2004). Type:— MEXICO. Guerrero: Municipio Juan Escudero, Tierra Colorada, frente a la desembocadura del río Omitlán en el río Papagayo, 16 July 1965, H. Kruse 1343b (holotype M-0067231!; isotypes B-100126944!, MEXU-01062583!).
 Distribution:— Mexico (microendemic).
description: Published as part of Maya-Lastra, Carlos A. & Steinmann, Victor W., 2018, A Nomenclator of Cnidoscolus (Euphorbiaceae), pp. 1-30 in Phytotaxa 346 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.346.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13708395
Dynamics of a Rotated Orthogonal Gravitational Wedge Billiard
Creators: name: Anderson, K. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70F99

description: We investigate a rotated, orthogonal gravitational wedge billiard - a special case of the asymmetric wedge billiard - in which the dynamics are integrable. We derive equations and conditions under which periodic orbits may be constructed for this model, and show that any other trajectory will be dense in the configuration space.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Salamandra salamandra trinity assembly
Creators: name: Libro, Pietro
name: Chiocchio, Andrea
name: De Risky, Erika
name: Di Martino, Jessica
name: Bisconti, Roberta
name: Castrignanò, Tiziana
name: Canestrelli, Daniele
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified

description: Dispersal is a key process in ecology and evolutionary biology, as it shapes biodiversity patterns over space and time. Mounting evidence is showing that attitude to disperse is unevenly distributed among individuals within animal populations, and that individual personality can have pivotal roles in the shaping of this attitude. Here, we contribute to the study of the genetic underpinnings of dispersal-related behavioral variation by assembling and annotating the first de novo transcriptome of the head tissues of Salamandra salamandra. Although dispersal occurs mostly during the post-metamorphic terrestrial life stage in this species, variation in dispersal-related personality traits is already evident at the aquatic larval stage, making it an excellent candidate species for studies of carry-over effects. We employed a structured pipeline to de-novo assemble and annotate transcripts from RNA-Seq in a set of individuals representative of distinct behavioral profiles. We obtained 1,153,432,918 reads, which were successfully de novo assembled and annotated. The high-quality assembly was confirmed by comparing BUSCO, DETONATE and TransRate with the S. salamandra dataset. By aligning the contigs against the de novo transcriptome we obtained a percentage of mapping higher than 94%. The homology annotation performed with DIAMOND led to 153,048 (blastx) and 95,942 (blastp) shared contigs, annotated on NCBI nr, Swiss-Prot and TrEMBL. The domain and site protein prediction made with InterProScan led to 9850 GO-annotated contigs. This de-novo transcriptome represents reliable reference for whole transcriptome and proteome studies of other amphibians, for designing primers to clone specific genes or monitor their expression, and for analyzing comparative gene expression profiles between alternative behavioral types.
Baryon Number as the Fourth Color
Creators: name: Fornal, Bartosz
name: Rajaraman, Arvind
name: Tait, Tim M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an extension of the Standard Model in which baryon number is promoted to be part of a non-Abelian gauge symmetry at high energies. Specifically, we consider the gauge group SU(4) x SU(2)_L x U(1)_X, where the SU(4) unifies baryon number and color. This symmetry is spontaneously broken down to the Standard Model gauge group at a scale which can be as low as a few TeV. The SU(4) structure implies that each SM quark comes along with an uncolored quark partner, the lightest of which is stabilized by the generalized baryon number symmetry and can play the role of dark matter. We explore circumstances under which one can realize a model of asymmetric dark matter whose relic abundance is connected to the observed baryon asymmetry, and discuss unique signatures that can be searched for at the LHC.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Powers with minimal commutator length in free products of groups
Creators: name: Bereznyuk, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a free product of groups $G = {\large *}_{j \in J} A_j$ and a natural number $n$, what is the minimal possible commutator length of an element $g^n \in G$ not conjugate to elements of the free factors? We give an exhaustive answer to this question.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures. v2: better definition of path labels and other minor improvements
Macrophages Induce Differentiation of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells
Creators: name: Patel, Akhil
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The central nervous system (CNS) responds to injury or damage by activating immune
cells to clear dying cells and debris. Previous studies have suggested that there is a correlation
between CNS remyelination and macrophage appearance at the site of damage. In
macrophages, Activin A is a marker for immunoregulatory response to induce differentiation of
precursor cells. Due to this involvement, we hypothesize that activin A is a growth factor that
induces differentiation of myelinating cells (oligodendrocytes) in the CNS. This study identified
characteristics of indirect signaling between oligodendrocytes and macrophages that regulate
remyelination. Supernatants containing secreted factors were harvested from wild type
macrophages and mertk (a receptor protein responsible for activating Activin A transcription)-
deficient macrophages over a time course. Oligodendrocytes were treated with these
supernatants for 48 hours and then inspected for morphological changes indicative of
differentiation. When comparing the extent of differentiation between the wild-type and
knockout group, supernatants from wild-type macrophages produced a greater proportion of
cells with higher level differentiation. This suggests that a secreted factor(s) is dependent on
the presence of the Mertk pathway is responsible for increased differentiation levels of
oligodendrocytes. By understanding what cellular and indirect interactions control
remyelination, we can work to further identify cellular therapeutic targets that may inhibit
demyelinating diseases.
S-Duality and Helicity Amplitudes
Creators: name: Colwell, Kitran
name: Terning, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine interacting Abelian theories at low energies and show that holomorphically normalized photon helicity amplitudes transform into dual amplitudes under SL(2,Z) as modular forms with weights that depend on the number of positive and negative helicity photons and on the number of internal photon lines. Moreover, canonically normalized helicity amplitudes transform by a phase, so that even though the amplitudes are not duality invariant, their squares are duality invariant. We explicitly verify the duality transformation at one loop by comparing the amplitudes in the case of an electron and the dyon that is its SL(2,Z) image, and extend the invariance of squared amplitudes order by order in perturbation theory. We demonstrate that S-duality is property of all low-energy effective Abelian theories with electric and/or magnetic charges and see how the duality generically breaks down at high energies.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures
Accounts of preventative coping: an interview study of stroke survivors on general practice registers.
Creators: name: Scott Reid, Peter
name: Neville, Emma
name: Cater, Frances
name: Mullis, Ricky
name: Mant, Jonathan
name: Duschinsky, Robbie
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cardiovascular medicine
1506
1683
Stroke
CARDIOLOGY
REHABILITATION MEDICINE

description: OBJECTIVES: Preventative coping is an underexplored aspect of coping behaviour. Specifically, coping is a key concern in stroke survivor accounts, but this has yet to be investigated with reference to secondary prevention. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of a qualitative data set comprising semistructured interviews of 22 stroke survivors recruited from five general practices in the East of England. The topic guide included exploration of advice and support given by their doctor on medication and lifestyle. The interviews were coded using thematic analysis. RESULTS: The accounts emphasised individual responsibility. Two key themes were identified, which foregrounded the role of self-concept for coping: (a) striving to be 'good', (b) appeal to ideas of 'personality'. In the former, preventative behaviour was depicted in moralistic terms, with the doctor as an adjudicator. In the latter, participants attributed their coping behaviour to their personality, which might help or hinder these efforts. CONCLUSIONS: We highlight that coping was characterised by survivors as something enacted by the individual self, and consider how constructions of self may impact preventative coping efforts.
The Musical Features of 2015's Top-Ranked Country Songs
Creators: name: Allen, Mason Taylor
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The 2015 top-ten country songs analyzed in this study are characterized by the various
formats of their song form, harmonies, and lyrics. This thesis presents a comprehensive study of
the structure and narratives in sixty-seven songs that summarizes the distinctive features within
those domains of contemporary commercial country music. A detailed description of the norm
along with identifiable trends emerges. The song form that features most prominently in this
repertory includes a verse-chorus-bridge form with three iterations of the chorus, an intro and
outro section, and instrumental sections immediately following each chorus. The top-ten country
songs have varying degrees of departure from this typical model. Primary features of the
harmonies of these top songs include the frequent use of a double-tonic complex, the absence of
a 5-1 authentic cadence, the same chord progression throughout the verse, chorus, and bridge,
and the use of only two chords throughout the song. Lyrical analyses show that 2015 songs are
continuing the traditional themes about romantic attraction, love, heartache, good times and
partying, home, family, nostalgia, religion, and inspiration, within the context of small-town
country life that this genre has used for years. Specific vocabulary suggests some differences
from the past to reflect modern times and influences from other popular musical genres. Finally,
interviews with songwriters suggest that the present collaborative approach to songwriting leads
to many of these trends, and that songwriters are consciously working with tensions of genre
boundaries, ties to tradition, and impulses toward innovation that result in many of the structural
characteristics that describe contemporary country songwriting and arranging.
Cnidoscolus albidus Lundell, Bull. Torrey Bot.
Creators: name: Maya-Lastra, Carlos A.
name: Steinmann, Victor W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Cnidoscolus
Cnidoscolus albidus

description: 8. Cnidoscolus albidus Lundell, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 72: 320 (1945). Type:— MEXICO. Hidalgo: above Jalaca, off highway at km 270, 19 August 1943, C.L. Lundell & A.A. Lundell 12394 (holotype LL-00371615!; isotypes K-000254125!, LL-00256908!, MICH-1115864!, NY-00246385!, S!).
 Distribution:— Mexico (regional endemic).
description: Published as part of Maya-Lastra, Carlos A. & Steinmann, Victor W., 2018, A Nomenclator of Cnidoscolus (Euphorbiaceae), pp. 1-30 in Phytotaxa 346 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.346.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13708395
Dense bidisperse suspensions under non-homogenous shear
Creators: name: Monti, Alessandro
name: Rosti, Marco Edoardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the rheological behaviour of bidisperse suspensions in three dimensions under a non-uniform shear flow, made by the superimposition of a linear shear and a sinusoidal disturbance. Our results show that i) only a streamwise disturbance in the shear-plane alters the suspension dynamics by substantially reducing the relative viscosity, ii) with the amplitude of the disturbance determining a threshold value for the effect to kick-in and its wavenumber controlling the amount of reduction and which of the two phases is affected. We show that, iii) the rheological changes are caused by the effective separation of the two phases, with the large or small particles layering in separate regions. We provide a physical explanation of the phase separation process and of the conditions necessary to trigger it. We test the results in the whole flow curve, and we show that the mechanism remains substantially unaltered, with the only difference being the nature of the interactions between particles modified by the phase separation.
Research and Diagnostic Validity of Whole Exome Sequencing in Neuromuscular Disease
Creators: name: Zhou, Linran
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) are a broad group of inherited genetic disorders with a total global prevalence exceeding 1 in 3,000. Affecting the muscle and peripheral nervous system, NMDs result in significant disability and despite increased understanding of their molecular basis, the cause is unknown in the majority of patients. In an NCGENES patient cohort, we examined the diagnostic yield of whole exome sequencing (WES) for variants in genes currently associated with NMDs, neuropathies, and myopathies, and we evaluated the literature for known information about these genes. We analyzed the variants from WES in genes not on the current diagnostic lists to search for novel, rare, deleterious variants in possible disease candidate genes and identify patient candidates for further molecular analysis. Based on literature and clinical reports, we also evaluated the construction of the current diagnostic lists, expanding the myopathy and neuropathy lists by over 80 genes each. The lists were curated so that NMD list encompassed all myopathy and neuropathy genes, while the myopathy and neuropathy lists remained as unique as possible. Based on our overall analysis, we constructed a schematic to aid clinicians in deciding when to apply WES for patients with a neuromuscular condition of suspected genetic etiology.
The Modern Space Man: Machismo and Masculine Reimagination in Three Science Fiction Novels
Creators: name: Aviles-Jimenez, Carla
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Introduction
The Oxford Dictionary of Science Fiction defines “science fiction” as “a genre (of
literature, film, etc.) in which the setting differs from our own world (e.g. by the invention of
new technology, through contact with aliens, by having a different history, etc.), and in which the
difference is based on extrapolations made from one or more changes or suppositions; hence,
such a genre in which the difference is explained (explicitly or implicitly) in scientific or
rational, as opposed to supernatural, terms.”1 Science fiction deals in possibilities that remain
plausible in contemporary reality. Though this genre presents a “setting [that] differs from our
own world,” science fiction still remains grounded in reality with the only “difference is
explained (explicitly or implicitly) in scientific or rational, as opposed to supernatural, terms.”
This definition indicates that the genre contains elements that could potentially exist outside of
the text. Being grounded in our reality allows authors to present social structures and cultural
values that readers may then find familiar, and science fiction authors have the opportunity to
present alternative views of these social structures and values for readers to consider.
Gender dynamics and sexuality are among the social structures that science fiction
authors can configure in their novels in different ways, and standards of masculinity will be the
specific focus for this thesis. Hispanic/Latino machismo contains a specific set of values defining
how men and women should behave towards one another and how they should present
themselves in greater society. The novels discussed in this thesis showcase key characteristics of
machismo and reimagine masculinity with respect to macho values. The science fiction genre—a
genre that is both grounded in reality while also providing authors with the ability to exercise
creative liberties—allows various interpretations and alternatives to the familiar notions of
masculinity outlined in Hispanic/Latino machismo.
Non-abelian Painlevé systems with generalized Okamoto integral
Creators: name: Bobrova, Irina
name: Sokolov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study non-abelian systems of Painlevé type. To derive them, we introduce an auxiliary autonomous system with the frozen independent variable and postulate its integrability in the sense of the existence of a non-abelian first integral that generalizes the Okamoto Hamiltonian. All non-abelian P6-P2-systems with such integrals are found. A coalescence limiting scheme is constructed for these non-abelian Painlevé systems. This allows us to construct an isomonodromic Lax pair for each of them.
CV-MDI-QKD: One-mode Gaussian attacks are not enough
Creators: name: Ottaviani, Carlo
name: Spedalieri, Gaetana
name: Braunstein, Samuel L.
name: Pirandola, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The security proof of continuous variable (CV) measurement device independent (MDI) quantum key distribution (QKD) cannot be reduced to the analysis of one-mode Gaussian attacks (in particular, independent entangling-cloner attacks). To stress this point, the present note provides a very simple (almost trivial) argument, showing that there are an infinite number of two-mode Gaussian attacks which cannot be reduced to or simulated by one-mode Gaussian attacks. This result further confirms that the security analysis of CV-MDI-QKD must involve a careful minimization over two-mode attacks as originally performed in [S. Pirandola et al., Nature Photon. 9, 397-402 (2015)].
description: Brief note. 4 pages, 3 figures