cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A secreted PD-L1 splice variant that covalently dimerizes and mediates immunosuppression
Creators: name: Patsoukis, N.
name: Mahoney, K.M.
name: Mahoney, K.M.
name: Boussiotis, V.A.
name: Freeman, G.J.
name: Pendergraft, W.F., III
name: Hua, P.
name: Pham, H.C.
name: Pham, H.C.
name: Hacohen, N.
name: Hua, P.
name: Pendergraft, W.F., III
name: Arazi, A.
name: Arazi, A.
name: Patsoukis, N.
name: Eisenhaure, T.M.
name: Browne, E.P.
name: Wu, C.J.
name: Shukla, S.A.
name: Browne, E.P.
name: Chaudhri, A.
name: Hacohen, N.
name: Fritsch, E.F.
name: Fritsch, E.F.
name: Chaudhri, A.
name: Wu, C.J.
name: Bu, X.
name: Eisenhaure, T.M.
name: Zhu, B.
name: Zhu, B.
name: Bu, X.
name: Boussiotis, V.A.
name: Shukla, S.A.
name: Freeman, G.J.
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Year: 2019

description: Targeting immune checkpoint pathways, such as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1, also known as CD274 or B7-H1) or its receptor programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) has shown improved survival for patients with numerous types of cancers, not limited to lung cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma. PD-L1 is a co-inhibitory molecule whose expression on the surface of tumor cells is associated with worse prognosis in many tumors. Here we describe a splice variant (secPD-L1) that does not splice into the transmembrane domain, but instead produces a secreted form of PD-L1 that has a unique 18 amino acid tail containing a cysteine that allows it to homodimerize and more effectively inhibit lymphocyte function than monomeric soluble PD-L1. We show that recombinant secPD-L1 can dimerize and inhibit T-cell proliferation and IFN-gamma production in vitro. The secPD-L1 variant is expressed by malignant cells in vitro that also express high levels of full-length PD-L1. Transcriptomic analysis of gene expression across The Cancer Genome Atlas found the strongest association of secPD-L1 with full-length PD-L1, but also with subsets of immunologic genes, such as in myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Moreover, the splice variant is also expressed in normal tissues and within normal peripheral blood cells it is preferentially expressed in activated myeloid cells. This is the first report of a form of secreted PD-L1 that homodimerizes and is functionally active. SecPD-L1 may function as a paracrine negative immune regulator within the tumor, since secPD-L1 does not require a cell-to-cell interaction to mediate its inhibitory effect.
title: Multislice CT enterography and mesenteric angiography: Diagnostic features of small bowel diseases
Creators: name: Atia, Noura
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Inflammation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Small bowel
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Demonstration of the different diseases that affect the small bowel. Description of the role of multislice CT enterography (MSCTE) & angiography (MSCTA) in their diagnosis with an emphasis on the diagnostic radiologic...
Optimal Bounds for the $k$-cut Problem
Creators: name: Gupta, Anupam
name: Harris, David G.
name: Lee, Euiwoong
name: Li, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the $k$-cut problem, we want to find the lowest-weight set of edges whose deletion breaks a given (multi)graph into $k$ connected components. Algorithms of Karger \& Stein can solve this in roughly $O(n^{2k})$ time. On the other hand, lower bounds from conjectures about the $k$-clique problem imply that $Ω(n^{(1-o(1))k})$ time is likely needed. Recent results of Gupta, Lee \& Li have given new algorithms for general $k$-cut in $n^{1.98k + O(1)}$ time, as well as specialized algorithms with better performance for certain classes of graphs (e.g., for small integer edge weights). In this work, we resolve the problem for general graphs. We show that the Contraction Algorithm of Karger outputs any fixed $k$-cut of weight $αλ_k$ with probability $Ω_k(n^{-αk})$, where $λ_k$ denotes the minimum $k$-cut weight. This also gives an extremal bound of $O_k(n^k)$ on the number of minimum $k$-cuts and an algorithm to compute $λ_k$ with roughly $n^k \mathrm{polylog}(n)$ runtime. Both are tight up to lower-order factors, with the algorithmic lower bound assuming hardness of max-weight $k$-clique. The first main ingredient in our result is an extremal bound on the number of cuts of weight less than $2 λ_k/k$, using the Sunflower lemma. The second ingredient is a fine-grained analysis of how the graph shrinks -- and how the average degree evolves -- in the Karger process.
description: Final version of arXiv:1911.09165 with new and more general proofs
Αδελφότης Εργατών Τυπογράφων «η Πρόοδος» και η απόπειρα ίδρυσης νέου Πρακτορείου διακίνησης εντύπων (1898)
Creators: name: Ζαζάς, Δημήτρης
Publisher: name: δοκιμές, Επιθεώρηση Κοινωνικών Σπουδών // dokimes, Review of Social Studies
Year: 2023

description: δοκιμές, Επιθεώρηση Κοινωνικών Σπουδών // dokimes, Review of Social Studies, No. 25-26 (2022)
(102866) Eleanor Mary Lewis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Single-Cell Analysis of Quiescent HIV Infection Reveals Host Transcriptional Profiles that Regulate Proviral Latency
Creators: name: Haynes, B.F.
name: Browne, E.P.
name: Browne, E.P.
name: Ferrari, G.
name: Bradley, T.
name: Margolis, D.M.
name: Ferrari, G.
name: Margolis, D.M.
name: Bradley, T.
name: Haynes, B.F.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2018

description: A detailed understanding of the mechanisms that establish or maintain the latent reservoir of HIV will guide approaches to eliminate persistent infection. We used a cell line and primary cell models of HIV latency to investigate viral RNA (vRNA) expression and the role of the host transcriptome using single-cell approaches. Single-cell vRNA quantitation identified distinct populations of cells expressing various levels of vRNA, including completely silent populations. Strikingly, single-cell RNA-seq of latently infected primary cells demonstrated that HIV downregulation occurred in diverse transcriptomic environments but was significantly associated with expression of a specific set of cellular genes. In particular, latency was more frequent in cells expressing a transcriptional signature that included markers of naive and central memory T cells. These data reveal that expression of HIV proviruses within the latent reservoir are influenced by the host cell transcriptional program. Therapeutic modulation of these programs may reverse or enforce HIV latency. Bradley et al. use single-cell RNA-seq to analyze cellular gene expression in a primary cell model of HIV latency. They identify cellular genes that are differentially expressed in cells in which HIV becomes transcriptionally downregulated. These results suggest a relationship between HIV latency and the transcriptional environment of the host cell.
Some characterizations on weighted $αβ$-statistical convergence of fuzzy functions of order $θ$
Creators: name: Ojha, Sarita
name: Srivastava, P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46S40, 03E72

description: Based on the concept of new type of statistical convergence defined by Aktuglu, we have introduced the weighted $αβ$ - statistical convergence of order $θ$ in case of fuzzy functions and classified it into pointwise, uniform and equi-statistical convergence. We have checked some basic properties and then the convergence are investigated in terms of their $α$-cuts. The interrelation among them are also established. We have also proved that continuity, boundedness etc are preserved in the equi-statistical sense under some suitable conditions, but not in pointwise sense.
description: Communicated
title: MRI findings related to Image Defined Risk Factors (IDRFs): What the surgeon needs to know
Creators: name: Kozana, Androniki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Staging
subject: MR
subject: Paediatric
subject: Oncology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To familiarize Radiologists with the routine use of IDRFs during preoperative reporting of MR imaging studies of children with neuroblastic tumors. To explain terminology utilized for the description of IDRFs through illustrative examples. To...
Prediction uncertainty and optimal experimental design for learning dynamical systems
Creators: name: Rudin, C.
name: Letham, B.
name: Browne, E.P.
name: Letham, P.A.
name: Browne, E.P.
name: Letham, B.
name: Rudin, C.
name: Letham, P.A.
Publisher: name: American Institute of Physics Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Dynamical systems are frequently used to model biological systems. When these models are fit to data, it is necessary to ascertain the uncertainty in the model fit. Here, we present prediction deviation, a metric of uncertainty that determines the extent to which observed data have constrained the model's predictions. This is accomplished by solving an optimization problem that searches for a pair of models that each provides a good fit for the observed data, yet has maximally different predictions. We develop a method for estimating a priori the impact that additional experiments would have on the prediction deviation, allowing the experimenter to design a set of experiments that would most reduce uncertainty. We use prediction deviation to assess uncertainty in a model of interferon-alpha inhibition of viral infection, and to select a sequence of experiments that reduces this uncertainty. Finally, we prove a theoretical result which shows that prediction deviation provides bounds on the trajectories of the underlying true model. These results show that prediction deviation is a meaningful metric of uncertainty that can be used for optimal experimental design.
Features of transformation of marketing in e-commerce
Creators: name: Kaluzhsky, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Article about influence of e-commerce on transformation of the theory and practice of marketing. The author considers Internet-marketing as the independent form of marketing formed under the general laws in new institutional conditions.
description: 4 pages, in Russian
title: Comparison of clinical diagnosis versus radiology reports in polytraumatized patients in a low-volume academic trauma center
Creators: name: Bartha, Éva
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Emergency
subject: Trauma
subject: CT
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Trauma
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Outcomes

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate if there is a difference in clinical diagnosis versus radiology reports, to determine the frequency of misinterpreted injuries and whether the difference caused significant problem in patient care. There are...
(102862) Henry Newman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A computational model of inhibition of HIV-1 by interferon-alpha
Creators: name: Letham, B.
name: Browne, E.P.
name: Letham, B.
name: Browne, E.P.
name: Rudin, C.
name: Rudin, C.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2016

description: Type 1 interferons such as interferon-alpha (IFNα) inhibit replication of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) by upregulating the expression of genes that interfere with specific steps in the viral life cycle. This pathway thus represents a potential target for immunebased therapies that can alter the dynamics of host-virus interactions to benefit the host. To obtain a deeper mechanistic understanding of how IFNα impacts spreading HIV-1 infection, we modeled the interaction of HIV-1 with CD4 T cells and IFNα as a dynamical system. This model was then tested using experimental data from a cell culture model of spreading HIV-1 infection. We found that a model in which IFNα induces reversible cellular states that block both early and late stages of HIV-1 infection, combined with a saturating rate of conversion to these states, was able to successfully fit the experimental dataset. Sensitivity analysis showed that the potency of inhibition by IFNα was particularly dependent on specific network parameters and rate constants. This model will be useful for designing new therapies targeting the IFNα network in HIV-1-infected individuals, as well as potentially serving as a template for understanding the interaction of IFNα with other viruses.
Different Modes of Retrovirus Restriction by Human APOBEC3A and APOBEC3G In Vivo
Creators: name: Kohli, R.M.
name: Stavrou, S.
name: Ross, S.R.
name: Browne, E.P.
name: Blouch, K.
name: Browne, E.P.
name: Ross, S.R.
name: Crawford, D.
name: Stavrou, S.
name: Blouch, K.
name: Crawford, D.
name: Kohli, R.M.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2014

description: The apolipoprotein B editing complex 3 (A3) cytidine deaminases are among the most highly evolutionarily selected retroviral restriction factors, both in terms of gene copy number and sequence diversity. Primate genomes encode seven A3 genes, and while A3F and 3G are widely recognized as important in the restriction of HIV, the role of the other genes, particularly A3A, is not as clear. Indeed, since human cells can express multiple A3 genes, and because of the lack of an experimentally tractable model, it is difficult to dissect the individual contribution of each gene to virus restriction in vivo. To overcome this problem, we generated human A3A and A3G transgenic mice on a mouse A3 knockout background. Using these mice, we demonstrate that both A3A and A3G restrict infection by murine retroviruses but by different mechanisms: A3G was packaged into virions and caused extensive deamination of the retrovirus genomes while A3A was not packaged and instead restricted infection when expressed in target cells. Additionally, we show that a murine leukemia virus engineered to express HIV Vif overcame the A3G-mediated restriction, thereby creating a novel model for studying the interaction between these proteins. We have thus developed an in vivo system for understanding how human A3 proteins use different modes of restriction, as well as a means for testing therapies that disrupt HIV Vif-A3G interactions.
Understanding the two-dimensional ionization structure in luminous infrared galaxies. A near-IR integral field spectroscopy perspective
Creators: name: Colina, Luis
name: López, Javier Piqueras
name: Arribas, Santiago
name: Riffel, Rogerio
name: Riffel, Rogemar A.
name: Rodriguez-Ardila, Alberto
name: Pastoriza, Miriani
name: Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa
name: Alonso-Herrero, Almudena
name: Sales, Dinalva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the 2D excitation structure of the ISM in a sample of LIRGs and Seyferts using near-IR IFS. This study extends to the near-IR the well-known optical and mid-IR emission line diagnostics used to classify activity in galaxies. Based on the spatially resolved spectroscopy of prototypes, we identify in the [FeII]1.64/Br$γ$ - H_2 1-0S(1)/Br$γ$ plane regions dominated by the different heating sources, i.e. AGNs, young MS massive stars, and evolved stars i.e. supernovae. The ISM in LIRGs occupy a wide region in the near-IR diagnostic plane from -0.6 to +1.5 and from -1.2 to +0.8 (in log units) for the [FeII]/Br$γ$ and H_2/Br$γ$ line ratios, respectively. The corresponding median(mode) ratios are +0.18(0.16) and +0.02(-0.04). Seyferts show on average larger values by factors ~2.5 and ~1.4 for the [FeII]/Br$γ$ and H_2/Br$γ$ ratios, respectively. New areas and relations in the near-IR diagnostic plane are defined for the compact, high surface brightness regions dominated by AGN, young ionizing stars, and SNe explosions, respectively. In addition, the diffuse regions affected by the AGN radiation field cover an area similar to that of Seyferts, but with high values in [FeII]/Br$γ$ that are not as extreme. The extended, non-AGN diffuse regions cover a wide area in the diagnostic diagram that overlaps that of individual excitation mechanisms (i.e. AGN, young stars, and SNe), but with its mode value to that of the young SF clumps. This indicates that the excitation conditions of the diffuse ISM are likely due to a mixture of the different ionization sources. The integrated line ratios in LIRGs show higher excitation conditions i.e. towards AGNs, than those measured by the spatially resolved spectroscopy. If this behaviour is representative, it would have clear consequences when classifying high-z, SF galaxies based on their near-IR integrated spectra.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
(102863) James Brook Lewis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Cardiac MRI in parasitic infestations: A Pictoral Essay
Creators: name: Bhatia, Mona
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Parasites
subject: Infection
subject: Cysts
subject: Socio-economic issues
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Cardiac

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Cardiac infestations of parasitic diseases are extremely uncommon. The clinical symptoms are protean varying from incidental findings to conduction abnormalities, fatal arrhythmias, myocarditis and cardiac tamponade. Early diagnosis can prevent...
title: Introduction of a Novel Technique of Fluoroscopic Guided Removal of Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices (IUCDs).
Creators: name: Fossey, Samantha
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Pelvis
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Hysterosalpingography
subject: Removal
subject: Foreign bodies

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Outline the procedural steps involved in fluoroscopic guided removal of IUCD. Discuss factors leading to retrieval failure. Outline our local performance...
On the Locality of Nash-Williams Forest Decomposition and Star-Forest Decomposition
Creators: name: Harris, David G.
name: Su, Hsin-Hao
name: Vu, Hoa T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a graph $G=(V,E)$ with arboricity $α$, we study the problem of decomposing the edges of $G$ into $(1+ε)α$ disjoint forests in the distributed LOCAL model. Barenboim and Elkin [PODC `08] gave a LOCAL algorithm that computes a $(2+ε)α$-forest decomposition using $O(\frac{\log n}ε)$ rounds. Ghaffari and Su [SODA `17] made further progress by computing a $(1+ε) α$-forest decomposition in $O(\frac{\log^3 n}{ε^4})$ rounds when $εα= Ω(\sqrt{α\log n})$, i.e. the limit of their algorithm is an $(α+ Ω(\sqrt{α\log n}))$-forest decomposition. This algorithm, based on a combinatorial construction of Alon, McDiarmid \& Reed [Combinatorica `92], in fact provides a decomposition of the graph into \emph{star-forests}, i.e. each forest is a collection of stars. Our main result in this paper is to reduce the threshold of $εα$ in $(1+ε)α$-forest decomposition and star-forest decomposition. This further answers the $10^{\text{th}}$ open question from Barenboim and Elkin's "Distributed Graph Algorithms" book. Moreover, it gives the first $(1+ε)α$-orientation algorithms with {\it linear dependencies} on $ε^{-1}$. At a high level, our results for forest-decomposition are based on a combination of network decomposition, load balancing, and a new structural result on local augmenting sequences. Our result for star-forest decomposition uses a more careful probabilistic analysis for the construction of Alon, McDiarmid, \& Reed; the bounds on star-arboricity here were not previously known, even non-constructively.
Search for Hyperuniformity in Mechanically Stable Packings of Frictionless Disks Above Jamming
Creators: name: Wu, Yegang
name: Olsson, Peter
name: Teitel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically simulate mechanically stable packings of soft-core, frictionless, bidisperse disks in two dimensions, above the jamming packing fraction phi_J. For configurations with a fixed isotropic global stress tensor, we investigate the fluctuations of the local packing fraction phi(r) to test whether such configurations display the hyperuniformity that has been claimed to exist exactly at phi_J. For our configurations, generated by a rapid quench protocol, we find that hyperuniformity persists only out to a finite length scale, and that this length scale appears to remain finite as the system stress decreases towards zero, i.e. towards the jamming transition. Our result suggests that the presence of hyperuniformity at jamming may be sensitive to the specific protocol used to construct the jammed configurations.
description: 16 pages, 26 figures, replaced with published version
Alarming Alterations: How Memory Politics Turned the Russian Constitution into a War Weapon
Creators: name: Pistan, Carna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Russian Constitution, illiberal memory politics, Russia's invasion of Ukraine, memory wars, armed conflicts

description: This policy memo focuses on constitutional politics of memory within the context of recent Russia’s full-fledged invasion of Ukraine. The aim is to show the negative consequences memory-making through the Constitution may have, including the creation of an explicit basis for legitimizing armed conflicts.
description: PONARS Eurasia Policy Memo No. 798
(102859) Pauline Martin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Spectrum of mediastinal changes following surgery
Creators: name: Ip, Joana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: Mediastinum
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT
subject: PET-CT
subject: Surgery
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Cancer
subject: Outcomes

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: After surgery or radiotherapy mediastinal changes are more prone to be misinterpreted as residual surgical changes and ganglionar recurrence may overlap. Bothchest-CT or PET/CT-FDG are useful to assess lymph-node involvement. Theseexams are...
Multi-probe analysis to separate edge currents from bulk currents in quantum spin Hall insulators and to analyze their temperature dependence
Creators: name: Benlenqwanssa, S.
name: Krishtopenko, S. S.
name: Meyer, M.
name: Benhamou-Bui, B.
name: Bonnet, L.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Bray, C.
name: Consejo, C.
name: Ruffenach, S.
name: Nanot, S.
name: Rodriguez, J. -B.
name: Tournié, E.
name: Hartmann, F.
name: Höfling, S.
name: Teppe, F.
name: Jouault, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-probe transport analysis that effectively separates bulk and edge currents in large Hall bar devices with standard geometries. Applied to transport measurements on all possible four-probe configurations of six-probe Hall bar devices made of inverted three-layer InAs/GaInSb quantum wells (QWs), our analysis not only reveals the presence of dissipative edge currents in the topological gap, but also allows the temperature dependence of bulk and edge conductivity to be evaluated separately. The temperature dependence of the edge conductivity for Hall bar channels from 10 $μ$m to 70~$μ$m in the range of 1.5 K to 45 K is consistent with the theoretical expectation of weakly interacting helical edge electrons with backscattering due to localized magnetic moments of charge impurities. We argue that these charge impurities are naturally associated with intrinsic Ga-antisite defects, which act as double acceptors in InAs/Ga(In)Sb-based QWs.
title: Computed Tomography imaging characteristics of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Creators: name: Ciuhodaru, Octavia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: CT
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen
subject: Endocrine disorders

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate computed tomographyaspects of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine...
Toll-like receptor 7 controls the anti-retroviral germinal center response
Creators: name: Browne, E.P.
name: Browne, E.P.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2011

description: The development of vaccines that can enhance immunity to viral pathogens is an important goal. However, the innate molecular pathways that regulate the strength and quality of the immune response remain largely uncharacterized. To define the role of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in control of a model retroviral pathogen, Friend virus (FV), I generated mice in which the TLR signaling adapter Myd88 was selectively deleted in dendritic cell (DC) or in B cell lineages. Deletion of Myd88 in DCs had little effect on immune control of FV, while B cell specific deletion of Myd88 caused a dramatic increase in viral infectious centers and a significantly reduced antibody response, indicating that B cell-intrinsic TLR signaling plays a crucial role, while TLR signaling in DCs is less important. I then identified the single-stranded RNA sensing protein TLR7 as being required for antibody-mediated control of FV by analyzing mice deficient in TLR7. Remarkably, B cells in infected TLR7-deficient mice upregulated CD69 and CD86 early in infection, but failed to develop into germinal center B cells. CD4 T cell responses were also attenuated in the absence of TLR7, but CD8 responses were TLR7 independent, suggesting the existence of additional pathways for detection of retroviral particles. Together these results demonstrate that the vertebrate immune system detects retroviruses in vivo via TLR7 and that this pathway regulates a key checkpoint controlling development of germinal center B cells.
Some remarks on hypergraph matching and the Füredi-Kahn-Seymour conjecture
Creators: name: Bansal, Nikhil
name: Harris, David G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A classic conjecture of Füredi, Kahn and Seymour (1993) states that given any hypergraph with non-negative edge weights $w(e)$, there exists a matching $M$ such that $\sum_{e \in M} (|e|-1+1/|e|)\, w(e) \geq w^*$, where $w^*$ is the value of an optimum fractional matching. We show the conjecture is true for rank-3 hypergraphs, and is achieved by a natural iterated rounding algorithm. While the general conjecture remains open, we give several new improved bounds. In particular, we show that the iterated rounding algorithm gives $\sum_{e \in M} (|e|-δ(e))\, w(e) \geq w^*$, where $δ(e) = |e|/(|e|^2+|e|-1)$, improving upon the baseline guarantee of $\sum_{e \in M} |e|\,w(e) \geq w^*$.
Marketing features of dropshipping in system of e-commerce
Creators: name: Kaluzhsky, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Today dropshipping wins the Internet promptly and transformed to one of the basic tools of marketing in e-commerce. Marketing features, mechanisms and value dropshipping in the conditions of network economy of the XXI century reveal in article. The author carries out the comparative analysis of institutional development dropshipping in the USA, China and Russia.
description: 13 pages, in Russian. ISSN 2071-3762
Natural Language Processing for Analyzing Electronic Health Records and Clinical Notes in Cancer Research: A Review
Creators: name: Bilal, Muhammad
name: Hamza, Ameer
name: Malik, Nadia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objective: This review aims to analyze the application of natural language processing (NLP) techniques in cancer research using electronic health records (EHRs) and clinical notes. This review addresses gaps in the existing literature by providing a broader perspective than previous studies focused on specific cancer types or applications. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the Scopus database, identifying 94 relevant studies published between 2019 and 2024. Data extraction included study characteristics, cancer types, NLP methodologies, dataset information, performance metrics, challenges, and future directions. Studies were categorized based on cancer types and NLP applications. Results: The results showed a growing trend in NLP applications for cancer research, with breast, lung, and colorectal cancers being the most studied. Information extraction and text classification emerged as predominant NLP tasks. A shift from rule-based to advanced machine learning techniques, particularly transformer-based models, was observed. The Dataset sizes used in existing studies varied widely. Key challenges included the limited generalizability of proposed solutions and the need for improved integration into clinical workflows. Conclusion: NLP techniques show significant potential in analyzing EHRs and clinical notes for cancer research. However, future work should focus on improving model generalizability, enhancing robustness in handling complex clinical language, and expanding applications to understudied cancer types. Integration of NLP tools into clinical practice and addressing ethical considerations remain crucial for utilizing the full potential of NLP in enhancing cancer diagnosis, treatment, and patient outcomes.
title: Ureteral rendez-vous in complete iatrogenic sections: endoscopic-radiological combined procedure.
Creators: name: Alvarez de Eulate Garcia, Mª Teresa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Prostheses
subject: Fistula
subject: Recanalisation
subject: Puncture
subject: Endoscopy
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The learning goal of this exhibit is to evaluate, through the review of several cases collected in our center, the possibility of using a radiological-endourological combined approach, "rendez-vous", minimally invasive, to restore ureteral...
Myd88 is required for an antibody response to retroviral infection
Creators: name: Littman, D.R.
name: Browne, E.P.
name: Browne, E.P.
name: Littman, D.R.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2009

description: Although retroviruses have been extensively studied for many years, basic questions about how retroviral infections are detected by the immune system and which innate pathways are required for the generation of immune responses remain unanswered. Defining these pathways and how they contribute to the anti-retroviral immune responses would assist in the development of more effective vaccines for retroviral pathogens such as HIV. We have investigated the roles played by CD11c+ dendritic cells (DCs) and by Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways in the generation of an anti-retroviral immune response against a mouse retroviral pathogen, Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MLV). Specific deletion of DCs during F-MLV infection caused a significant increase in viral titers at 14 days post-infection, indicating the importance of DCs in immune control of the infection. Similarly, Myd88 knockout mice failed to control F-MLV, and sustained high viral titers (107 foci/spleen) for several months after infection. Strikingly, both DC-depleted mice and Myd88 knockout mice exhibited only a partial reduction of CD8+ T cell responses, while the IgG antibody response to F-MLV was completely lost. Furthermore, passive transfer of immune serum from wild-type mice to Myd88 knockout mice rescued control of F-MLV. These results identify TLR signaling and CD11c+ DCs as playing critical roles in the humoral response to retroviruses.
Compact Dark Objects in Neutron Star Mergers
Creators: name: Bauswein, Andreas
name: Guo, Gang
name: Lien, Jr-Hua
name: Lin, Yen-Hsun
name: Wu, Meng-Ru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the long-lasting gravitational wave (GW) emission of compact dark objects following a binary neutron-star (NS) merger. We consider compact dark objects, which initially reside in the centers of NSs and which may consist of self-interacting dark matter (DM). By approximating the compact dark objects as test particles, we model the merging of NS binaries hosting DM components with three-dimensional relativistic simulations. Our simulation results suggest that the DM components remain gravitationally bound and orbit inside the merger remnant with orbital separations of typically a few km. The subsequent orbital motion of the DM components generates a GW signal with frequencies in the range of a few kHz. When considering a range of different binary masses and high-density equations of state (EoS), we find that the GW frequency of the orbiting DM components scales with the compactness of NSs. Similarly, we find relations between the DM GW frequency and the dominant postmerger GW frequency of the stellar fluid or the tidal deformability, which quantifies EoS effects during the binary inspiral. Hence, a measurement of these quantities can be used to specify the frequency range of the GW emission by DM. Under the assumption that GW back reaction is the only relevant dissipative process, the GW signal may last between seconds and years depending on the mass of the DM component. We estimate the detectability of the GW signals and find that DM components in NS mergers may only be detectable with existing and projected GW instruments if the dark objects are as massive as about 0.01 to 0.1 M_sun. We emphasize that the GW emission is limited by the lifetime of the remnant. A forming black hole will immediately swallow the DM objects because their orbits are smaller than the innermost stable circular orbit of the black hole.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
One-to-one mapping between steering and joint measurability problems
Creators: name: Uola, Roope
name: Budroni, Costantino
name: Gühne, Otfried
name: Pellonpää, Juha-Pekka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum steering refers to the possibility for Alice to remotely steer Bob's state by performing local measurements on her half of a bipartite system. Two necessary ingredients for steering are entanglement and incompatibility of Alice's measurements. In particular, it has been recently proven that for the case of pure states of maximal Schmidt rank the problem of steerability for Bob's assemblage is equivalent to the problem of joint measurability for Alice's observables. We show that such an equivalence holds in general, namely, the steerability of any assemblage can always be formulated as a joint measurability problem, and vice versa. We use this connection to introduce steering inequalities from joint measurability criteria and develop quantifiers for the incompatibility of measurements.
description: Definition of the SDP in Eq. (31) corrected, thanks to a comment by Marco Piani and Benjamin A. Ross
title: Symptomatic intracranial midline lipomas causing Headaches-A case series
Creators: name: Arooj, Shumaila
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: CNS
subject: Congenital

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To be aware of normal development of meninges To be able to detect small lipomas in the basal cisterns and around tectal plate by taking full advantage of differenr mr sequences. To be able to correlate headache as a common association in these...
(102860) Elsie Matthews
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
On the best constant in fractional $p$-Poincaré inequalities on cylindrical domains
Creators: name: Mohanta, Kaushik
name: Sk, Firoj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26D10, 35R09, 46E35, 49J40

description: We investigate the best constants for the regional fractional $p$-Poincaré inequality and the fractional $p$-Poincaré inequality in cylindrical domains. For the special case $p=2$, the result was already known due to Chowdhury-Csató-Roy-Sk [Study of fractional Poincaré inequalities on unbounded domains, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 41(6), 2021]. We addressed the asymptotic behaviour of the first eigenvalue of the nonlocal Dirichlet $p$-Laplacian eigenvalue problem when the domain is becoming unbounded in several directions.
description: To appear in Differential and Integral Equations
Simultaneous model identification and optimization in presence of model-plant mismatch
Creators: name: Mandur, Jasdeep S.
name: Budman, Hector M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In a standard optimization approach, the underlying process model is first identified at a given set of operating conditions and this updated model is, then, used to calculate the optimal conditions for the process. This two-step procedure can be repeated iteratively by conducting new experiments at optimal operating conditions, based on previous iterations, followed by re-identification and re-optimization until convergence is reached. However, when there is a model-plant mismatch, the set of parameter estimates that minimizes the prediction error in the identification problem may not predict the gradients of the optimization objective accurately. As a result, convergence of the two-step iterative approach to a process optimum cannot be guaranteed. This paper presents a new methodology where the model outputs are corrected explicitly for the mismatch such that, with the updated parameter estimates the identification and optimization objectives are properly reconciled. With the proposed corrections being progressively integrated over the iterations, the algorithm has guaranteed convergence to the process optimum and also, upon convergence, the final corrected model predicts the process behavior accurately. The proposed methodology is illustrated in a run-to-run optimization framework with a fed-batch bioprocess as a case study.
title: Sickle Cell Disease: a pictorial review of well-known and less well-known imaging findings in children.
Creators: name: Giannotta, Marica
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Haematologic diseases
subject: Genetic defects
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT
subject: Paediatric
subject: Haematologic

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Sickle cell Disease (SCD) is characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, with various involvement of cerebral, thoracic and abdominal districts, as well as a large range of musculoskeletal manifestations; so, it could present some...
Virus-host interactions: New insights from the small RNA world
Creators: name: Browne, E.P.
name: Chong, M.
name: Littman, D.R.
name: Browne, E.P.
name: Li, J.
name: Chong, M.
name: Littman, D.R.
name: Li, J.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2005

description: RNA silencing has a known role in the antiviral responses of plants and insects. Recent evidence, including the finding that the Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can suppress the host's RNA-silencing pathway and may thus counteract host antiviral RNAs, suggests that RNA-silencing pathways could also have key roles in mammalian virus-host interactions.
Unconventional entropy production in the presence of momentum-dependent forces
Creators: name: Kwon, Chulan
name: Yeo, Joonhyun
name: Lee, Hyun Keun
name: Park, Hyunggyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate an unconventional nature of the entropy production (EP) in nonequilibrium systems with odd-parity variables that change signs under time reversal. We consider the Brownian motion of a particle in contact with a heat reservoir, where particle momentum is an odd-parity variable. In the presence of an {\it external} momentum-dependent force, the EP transferred to environment is found {\em not} equivalent to usual reservoir entropy change due to heat transfer. There appears an additional unconventional contribution to the EP, which is crucial for maintaining the non-negativity of the (average) total EP enforced by the thermodynamic second law. A few examples are considered to elucidate the novel nature of the EP. We also discuss detailed balance conditions with a momentum-dependent force.
description: 6 pages; Change in the title; Minor changes in many places
(102855) Frederick Higgitt
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.