cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modulating autophagy and glutamine metabolism in CHO cells to increase fed-batch process performance
Creators: name: Jardon, Mario Alberto
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Valuable recombinant therapeutic proteins are routinely produced from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in fed-batch cultivations. An improved understanding of the physiological factors that affect cell proliferation, survival, productivity and product quality in fed-batch could contribute to facilitate general access to these products. This work describes the investigation of autophagy and glutamine metabolism in CHO cells for the purpose of increasing fed-batch process performance. The close link between glutamine deprivation and autophagy was found to greatly affect process performance, with an increase of the cellular lysosomal compartment correlated with decreased cell-specific productivity. The increased autophagic activity upon glutamine withdrawal was confirmed by the formation of GFP-LC3 fluorescent puncta and by an LC3 autophagic flux assay. The use of 3-methyl adenine (3-MA) to inhibit autophagy increased the yield of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) by 2.8-fold, without compromising the glycosylation capacity of the cells given that the t-PA fucosylation, galactosylation and sialylation all increased. A more comprehensive study of glutamine metabolism and autophagy performed, including by investigating 2 additional CHO cell lines expressing different antibody proteins. The mitochondrial and lysosomal changes in response to glutamine deprivation varied substantially between cell lines, illustrating how the susceptibility to autophagy can be cell-line dependent. Integrating the combined effect of enhanced proliferation (achieved through modulation of glutamine metabolism) and inhibition of autophagy (by treatment with 3-MA), a maximum 4.6-fold increase of t-PA production was obtained in fed-batch culture. Finally, autophagy and glutamine metabolism were explored in cancer cell lines, and produced original findings on the potential for Raman spectroscopy to analyze live cell physiological responses to conditions that trigger autophagy. Overall, this study illustrates the potential for a fruitful interaction between basic scientific research and applied biotechnology. The investigation of response mechanisms to cellular stress provided opportunities to both improve industrial processing and open new perspectives for basic biological research.
title: War Memorials (Germany)
title: War Memorials (Germany)
Creators: name: Goebel, Stefan
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Deutschland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Denkmal
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: War memorials--Germany

description: German war memorials were sites of both political conflict and personal mourning. Monumental displays of revanchism caused much controversy, but they were not prevalent. A nation without a national war memorial, Weimar Germany, was also one of the few European societies without a symbolic grave of the Unknown Soldier.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
A local Hamiltonian for spherically symmetric gravity coupled to a scalar field
Creators: name: Alvarez, Nestor
name: Gambini, Rodolfo
name: Pullin, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a gauge fixing of gravity coupled to a scalar field in spherical symmetry such that the Hamiltonian is an integral over space of a local density. Such a formulation had proved elusive over the years. As in any gauge fixing, it works for a restricted set of initial data. We argue that the set could be large enough to attempt a quantization the could include the important case of an evaporating black hole.
description: 4 pages, no figures, RevTex, final published version
Ergebnisbetrachtungen zahnärztlich-prothetischer Planungsgutachten : eine Studie mit Daten der Kassenzahnärztlichen Vereinigung Berlin aus dem Jahr 2017
Creators: name: Möllendorf, Julia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Bei neuem Zahnersatz können Krankenkassen die Versorgungsnotwendigkeit mit einem Planungsgutachten überprüfen. Studienziel war die Ermittlung beeinflussender Faktoren auf die Begutachtungsergebnisse und der Ablehnungsgründe durch Auswertung von 11.271 Planungsgutachten des Jahres 2017. Die meisten Begutachtungen erfolgten bei Patienten im Alter von 51 bis 60 Jahren und festsitzenden Planungen. Zahnärzte mit einer hohen Begutachtungshäufigkeit haben eine niedrigere Befürwortungsquote als welche mit einer geringeren Häufigkeit. Gutachter mit einer hohen Begutachtungshäufigkeit besitzen eine höhere Befürwortungsquote als jene mit einer geringeren Häufigkeit. Häufige Ablehnungsgründe waren eine nicht bedarfsgerechte und wirtschaftliche Planung, fehlerhafte Vorbehandlung, Gesamtplanung und Überkronungsindikation sowie mangelhafte Mundhygiene. Zur Verbesserung wird eine stetige Reevaluation empfohlen zur Gewährleistung einer gleichbleibenden Qualität bei den Begutachtungen und Planungen.
description: In the case of new dentures, health insurances can check the need for supply with a planning assessment. The aim of the study was to determine the factors influencing the results of the assessment and the reasons for refusal by evaluating 11,271 planning assessments in 2017. Most assessments were for patients aged 51 to 60 years and fixed planning. Dentists with a high frequency of assessments have a lower advocacy rate than those with a lower frequency. Reviewers with a high review frequency have a higher advocacy rate than those with a lower frequency. Frequent reasons for refusal were planning that was not in line with requirements and economic, faulty pre-treatment, overall planning and crowning indication as well as inadequate oral hygiene. A continuous re-evaluation is recommended to improve the quality of the assessments and planning.
title: New Zealand
title: New Zealand
Creators: name: Hunter, Kate
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neuseeland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: World War, 1914-1918--New Zealand

description: New Zealand was the British Dominion furthest from the conflict in Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Nonetheless with Britain’s declaration of war on Germany, New Zealand and its one million inhabitants were enmeshed in the Great War. The whole society was mobilized: men, women, children, indigenous and non-indigenous. That the indigenous Maori population was already enfranchized, along with white women, made New Zealand’s experience different to that of other dominions. But the common experiences of mass bereavement, anxiety and separation carved the Great War into the popular memory of the country.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Paşa, Cemal
title: Paşa, Cemal
Creators: name: Kayalı, Hasan
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cemal Paşa
subject: Cemal Paşa, 1872-1922

description: Cemal Paşa belonged to the top leadership of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), which ruled the Ottoman Empire during World War I. He served as wartime minister of the navy and autocratic governor general and commander of the Fourth Army in Greater Syria and led two unsuccessful campaigns against the British-held Suez Canal.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Between Acceptance and Refusal - Soldiers' Attitudes Towards War (New Zealand)
title: Between Acceptance and Refusal - Soldiers' Attitudes Towards War (New Zealand)
Creators: name: Phillips, Jock
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Neuseeland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Soldat
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--New Zealand
subject: Soldiers
subject: Attitudes

description: Their war experience changed the attitudes of New Zealand soldiers dramatically – from enthusiasm to a cynicism about war, from an identification with the British to a mateship with Australians, and from a hostility towards the enemy to an acceptance of a common suffering in the trenches.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Active H3K27me3 demethylation by KDM6B is required for normal development of bovine preimplantation embryos
Creators: name: Chung, Nhi
name: Bogliotti, Yanina S.
name: Ding, Wei
name: Vilarino, Marcela
name: Takahashi, Kazuki
name: Chitwood, James L.
name: M. Schultz, Richard
name: J. Ross, Pablo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: The substantial epigenetic remodeling that occurs during early stages of mammalian embryonic development likely contributes to reprogramming the parental genomes from a differentiated to a totipotent state and activation of the embryonic genome. Trimethylation of lysine 27 of histone 3 (H3K27me3) is a repressive mark that undergoes global dynamic changes during preimplantation development of several species. To ascertain the role of H3K27me3 in bovine preimplantation development we perturbed the activity of KDM6B, which demethylates H3K27me3. Knockdown of maternal KDM6B mRNA inhibited the reduction in global levels of H3K27me3 from 2-cell to 8-cell embryo stages and compromised development to the blastocyst stage; embryos that developed to the blastocyst stage had fewer inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) cells. In addition, the transcriptome of KDM6B knockdown embryos was altered at the 8-cell stage and characterized by downregulation of transcripts related to transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling, and protein catabolism. Inhibiting the catalytic activity of KDM6B with a specific small molecule inhibitor also prevented the global decrease in H3K27me3 and compromised development to the blastocyst stage. These results indicate that histone demethylation activity, mediated by KDM6B, is required for the global decrease in H3K27me3, correct activation of the embryonic genome, and development to the blastocyst stage in bovine embryos.
Resonant soft x-ray scattering, stripe order, and the electron spectral function in cuprates
Creators: name: Abbamonte, Peter
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Davis, J. C. Seamus
name: Campuzano, Juan-Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the current state of efforts to use resonant soft x-ray scattering (RSXS), which is an elastic, momentum-resolved, valence band probe of strongly correlated electron systems, to study stripe-like phenomena in copper-oxide superconductors and related materials. We review the historical progress including RSXS studies of Wigner crystallization in spin ladder materials, stripe order in 214-phase nickelates, 214-phase cuprates, and other systems. One of the major outstanding issues in RSXS concerns its relationship to more established valence band probes, namely angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). These techniques are widely understood as measuring a one-electron spectral function, yet a relationship between RSXS and a spectral function has so far been unclear. Using physical arguments that apply at the oxygen $K$ edge, we show that RSXS measures the square modulus of an advanced version of the Green's function measured with STM. This indicates that, despite being a momentum space probe, RSXS is more closely related to STM than to ARPES techniques. Finally, we close with some discussion of the most promising future directions for RSXS. We will argue that the most promising area lies in high magnetic field studies, particularly of edge states in strongly correlated heterostructures, and the vortex state in superconducting cuprates, where RSXS may clarify the anomalous periodicities observed in recent quantum oscillation experiments.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, submitted to special issue of Physica C, "Stripes and Electronic Liquid Crystals in Strongly Correlated Systems."
title: King's African Rifles
title: King's African Rifles
Creators: name: Thomas G., Charles
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Großbritannien / King's African Rifles
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: o.P. Great Britain. Army. King's African Rifles
subject: World War, 1914-1918

description: The King’s African Rifles (KAR) were the British colonial military within East Africa before and during the First World War. While initially rarely involved in the British operations in East Africa, the continued resistance of the German ''Schutztruppe'' forced the rapid expansion of the KAR to over 30,000 officers and men.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
The existence of light-like homogeneous geodesics in homogeneous Lorentzian manifolds
Creators: name: Dušek, Zdeněk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B05, 53C22, 53C30, 53C50

description: In previous papers, a fundamental affine method for studying homogeneous geodesics was developed. Using this method and elementary differential topology it was proved that any homogeneous affine manifold and in particular any homogeneous pseudo-Riemannian manifold admits a homogeneous geodesic through arbitrary point. In the present paper this affine method is refined and adapted to the pseudo-Riemannian case. Using this method and elementary topology it is proved that any homogeneous Lorentzian manifold of even dimension admits a light-like homogeneous geodesic. The method is illustrated in detail with an example of the Lie group of dimension 3 with an invariant metric, which does not admit any light-like homogeneous geodesic.
title: Private Life (France)
title: Private Life (France)
Creators: name: Vidal-Naquet, Clémentine
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Frankreich
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Privatleben
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--France
subject: Privacy

description: The war radically disrupted the private lives of French families who were practically all affected by the departure of a loved one for the front lines. The ensuing economic, social and intimate disruptions are particularly visible when we look at the relationships of couples. This article examines the conjugal ties created while couples were separated by the war. It addresses the government measures aimed at couples separated by the war; the economic upheaval and reorganization required of families; and the reinvention of marital relations forged almost exclusively through correspondence.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Azimuthal collimation of long range rapidity correlations by strong color fields in high multiplicity hadron-hadron collisions
Creators: name: Dusling, Kevin
name: Venugopalan, Raju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The azimuthal collimation of di-hadrons with large rapidity separations in high multiplicity p+p collisions at the LHC is described in the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) effective theory [1] by N_c^2 suppressed multi-ladder QCD diagrams that are enhanced α_S^(-8) due to gluon saturation in hadron wavefunctions. We show that quantitative computations in the CGC framework are in good agreement with data from the CMS experiment on per trigger di-hadron yields and predict further systematics of these yields with varying trigger pT and charged hadron multiplicity. Radial flow generated by re-scattering is strongly limited by the structure of the p+p di-hadron correlations. In contrast, radial flow explains the systematics of identical measurements in heavy ion collisions.
description: accepted version for PRL
title: War Letters (Italy)
title: War Letters (Italy)
Creators: name: Stiaccini, Carlo
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Italien
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Feldpost
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918
subject: Italy
subject: Soldiers
subject: Correspondence

description: Despite the high rates of illiteracy in Italy on the eve of the war, the conflict brought about an unusual and massive recourse to writing, and not only by soldiers at the front. The correspondence served mainly to maintain contacts between the country, the war zone and the prisoner-of-war camps and allowed the soldiers, even those with scant writing skills, to recount from a distance the suffering and horrors of the war. The soldiers’ letters, as well as representing one of the largest and most widespread experiences for writers of the lower classes of the contemporary age, have allowed scholars to undertake work of great heuristic interest for the history of the First World War.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Detection of claw lesions in dairy cows based on acoustic analyses
Creators: name: Volkmann, Nina
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Lameness is a widespread health problem in dairy production. An early detection and treatment of cows suffering from claw lesions is an important factor for animals’ welfare. In a first study a locomotion score was validated with regard to an objective evaluation. In the second study, the first footfall sound measurements were carried out on dairy cows walking over a test track outside the barn. Finally, in the third study, the footfall sound of dairy cows was recorded using a constructed measuring plate on the way back from the milking parlour to the barn. Classification of the animals' lameness status was performed using a machine learning method. In summary, the developed detection model requires further improvements to be considered operational. Furthermore, the current version of the constructed measuring plate was neither suitable for long-term use in practice nor for market-ready production.
description: In der Milchviehhaltung sind Klauenerkrankungen ein weit verbreitetes Gesundheitsproblem. Ihre frühe Erkennung und Behandlung ist ein wichtiger Tierwohlaspekt. Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation wurde zunächst ein Locomotion Score hinsichtlich einer objektiven Bewertung validiert. In einer zweiten Studie wurden erste Trittschall-Messungen bei Milchkühen vorgenommen, die über eine Teststrecke außerhalb des Stalls liefen. Schließlich wurden in der dritten Studie der Trittschall der Tiere mittels einer konstruierten Messplatte auf dem Rückweg vom Melkstand zum Stall aufgezeichnet. Die Klassifizierung des Lahmheitsstatus der Tiere wurde mithilfe eines maschinellen Lernverfahrens durchgeführt. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass das entwickelte Detektionsmodell weitere Verbesserungen erfordert, um als einsatzfähig zu gelten. Auch die aktuelle Version der konstruierten Messplatte war weder für den dauerhaften Einsatz in der Praxis noch für eine marktreife Produktion geeignet.
title: Labour (France)
title: Labour (France)
Creators: name: Chancerel, Pierre
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Frankreich
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Arbeiter
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--France
subject: Labor

description: French mobilization during the First World War created new industrial needs and generated a workforce shortage. This crisis had several consequences: companies hired new types of workers (women, young people, foreigners, etc.), working conditions worsened, wages remained insufficient and soldiers were recalled from the front to work in the factories. Against this backdrop, labour movement leaders’ decision to align with the government led more and more workers to protest and strike in the last two years of the war.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
A Guide to Inclusive Lecturing Practices
Creators: name: Bennett, Kaye
Publisher: name: Edge Hill University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: This document goes through the most common things that lecturers do that can prevent their lectures being inclusive.
It also provides notes on how to avoid them and how best to present in a way that is accessible to everyone without forcing lecturers into a single way of teaching.
title: Khilafat Movement
title: Khilafat Movement
Creators: name: Minault, Gail
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Khilafatbewegung
subject: o.P. Khilafat movement

description: The Khilafat movement was an agitation by Indian Muslims, allied with Indian nationalists, to pressure the British government to preserve the authority of the Ottoman Sultan as Caliph of Islam after World War I. While seemingly pan-Islamic, the movement was primarily a means of achieving pan-Indian Muslim political mobilization.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
The third and a half post-Newtonian gravitational wave quadrupole mode for quasi-circular inspiralling compact binaries
Creators: name: Faye, Guillaume
name: Marsat, Sylvain
name: Blanchet, Luc
name: Iyer, Bala R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the quadrupole mode of the gravitational waveform of inspiralling compact binaries at the third and a half post-Newtonian (3.5PN) approximation of general relativity. The computation is performed using the multipolar post-Newtonian formalism, and restricted to binaries without spins moving on quasi-circular orbits. The new inputs mainly include the 3.5PN terms in the mass quadrupole moment of the source, and the control of required subdominant corrections to the contributions of hereditary integrals (tails and non-linear memory effect). The result is given in the form of the quadrupolar mode (2,2) in a spin-weighted spherical harmonic decomposition of the waveform, and may be used for comparison with the counterpart quantity computed in numerical relativity. It is a step towards the computation of the full 3.5PN waveform, whose knowledge is expected to reduce the errors on the location parameters of the source.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure; minor corrections, including some rephrasing in the introduction and in section IIIB
A new monoterpene from the poisonous mushroom Trogia venenata, which has caused Sudden Unexpected Death in Yunnan province, China
Creators: name: Xu, Ying-Chao
name: Xie, Xiao-Xia
name: Zhou, Zhong-Yu
name: Feng, Tao
name: Liu, Ji-Kai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Virology

description: A new monoterpene, 6,7,8-trihydroxy-2,6-dimethyloctanoic acid (1), and a known sesquiterpene, β-caryophyllene 4R,5R-oxide (2), as well as four known ergosta-steroids, 5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-y1 linoleate (3), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-22E,24R-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien (4), 5α,8α-epidioxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (5) and (22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol (6), were isolated from the fruiting bodies of the mushroom Trogia venenata. The structures of these compounds were identified by the analysis of spectral data. All of the compounds were isolated from this mushroom for the first time.
Simulations of non-equal mass black hole binaries with spectral methods
Creators: name: Buchman, Luisa T.
name: Pfeiffer, Harald P.
name: Scheel, Mark A.
name: Szilagyi, Bela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents techniques and results for simulations of unequal mass, non-spinning black hole binaries with pseudo-spectral methods. Specifically, we develop an efficient root-finding procedure to ensure the black hole initial data have the desired masses and spins, we extend the dual coordinate frame method and eccentricity removal to asymmetric binaries. Furthermore, we describe techniques to simulate mergers of unequal mass black holes. The second part of the paper presents numerical simulations of non-spinning black hole binaries with mass ratios 2, 3, 4 and 6, covering between 15 and 22 orbits, merger and ringdown. We discuss the accuracy of these simulations, the evolution of the (initially zero) black hole spins, and the remnant black hole properties.
description: corresponds to final published version
title: Armenian Genocide
title: Armenian Genocide
Creators: name: Suny, Ronald Grigor
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Völkermord
subject: o.P. Armenier
subject: o.P. Armenian massacres, 1915-1923

description: In early 1915 the Young Turk government of the Ottoman Empire decided to deport hundreds of thousands of Armenians and Assyrians from their homes into distant parts of the Empire, eventually into the deserts of Syria. Armenian soldiers in the Ottoman Army were demobilized and massacred; women and children were driven on long marches, starved, beaten, and often murdered. These events have been called the first major genocide of the twentieth century, but the government of the Turkish state and many of its supporters deny that a genocide took place; rather, they claim that the government acted to suppress an Armenian insurrection and people were killed in the process. New scholarship confirms that the Ottoman government intended the elimination of Armenians and Assyrians to render them impotent in the contest for lands in eastern Anatolia.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
A Spitzer IRS Survey of NGC 1333: Insights into disk evolution from a very young cluster
Creators: name: Arnold, L. A.
name: Watson, Dan M.
name: Kim, K. H.
name: Manoj, P.
name: Remming, I.
name: Sheehan, P.
name: Adame, L.
name: Forrest, W.
name: Furlan, E.
name: Mamajek, E.
name: McClure, M.
name: Espaillat, C.
name: Ausfeld, K.
name: Rapson, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the λ = 5-36μm Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph spectra of 79 young stellar objects in the very young nearby cluster NGC 1333. NGC 1333's youth enables the study of early protoplanetary disk properties, such as the degree of settling as well as the formation of gaps and clearings. We construct spectral energy distributions (SEDs) using our IRS data as well as published photometry and classify our sample into SED classes. Using "extinction-free" spectral indices, we determine whether the disk, envelope, or photosphere dominates the spectrum. We analyze the dereddened spectra of objects which show disk dominated emission using spectral indices and properties of silicate features in order to study the vertical and radial structure of protoplanetary disks in NGC 1333. At least nine objects in our sample of NGC 1333 show signs of large (several AU) radial gaps or clearings in their inner disk. Disks with radial gaps in NGC 1333 show more-nearly pristine silicate dust than their radially continuous counterparts. We compare properties of disks in NGC 1333 to those in three other well studied regions, Taurus-Auriga, Ophiuchus and Chamaeleon I, and find no difference in their degree of sedimentation and dust processing.
description: 67 pages, 20 figures, accepted to The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Development of cascade cross-coupling / Diels–Alder approaches for complex molecule synthesis
Creators: name: Cain, David
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cross-coupling
subject: Diels–Alder
subject: Cascade
subject: Suzuki–Miyaura
subject: Total synthesis
subject: Aspidosperma alkaloids
subject: QD281.R5C25
subject: Diers-Alder reaction
subject: Alkaloids--Synthesis

description: The Diels–Alder (DA) reaction is an important and frequently used synthetic transformation in the formation of both complex building blocks and natural products. Significant attention has being invested in its utilisation within cascade events, primarily due to its ability to form six-membered rings with numerous contiguous stereocenters in a selective manner. Its combination with cross-coupling reactions has become an evolving field in accessing novel chemical space, by circumventing the need for handling potentially reactive diene intermediates. This thesis will begin with a discussion surrounding the multiple terminologies defining multi-step reactions, and provide examples focussing in the area involving cross-coupling/Diels-Alder reactions (CCDA). The first chapter highlights the development of a cascade Suzuki–Miyaura/Diels–Alder (SM/DA) protocol, involving vinyl Bpin, a bi-functional entity (as nucleophile in the SM, and the dienophile in DA), in facilitating the overall transformation. A discussion involving its optimization is disclosed, alongside the challenges that were encountered and how these were overcome. The optimised conditions were applied to generate a range of borylated carbocylic products of varying complexity (17 examples). In this work the effect of the organoboron subtype on Diels-Alder regioselectivity was investigated and post-synthetic modifications were carried out on a model substrate. Lastly, the potential for a complementary Heck/Diels-Alder process was also assessed. Having developed the SM/DA methodology, its application was envisaged as a key step in the divergent synthesis of Aspidosperma alkaloids in the second chapter. Despite these alkaloids being synthesized numerous times, due to their challenging structural topology and beneficial biological properties, there is a lack in Structure activity relationship (SAR) studies. The SM/DA protocol allows the rapid and efficient creation of an advanced skeletal framework in a single reaction, which can then be subjected to a series of simple chemical manipulations to furnish a common intermediate from which a natural product library can be generated. The optimization of pertinent steps in the synthesis are disclosed, along with interesting observations that were encountered.
Semi-Holographic Quantum Criticality
Creators: name: Jensen, Kristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify the near-critical effective theory (EFT) for a wide class of low-temperature phase transitions found via holography. The EFT is of the semi-holographic type and describes both holographic Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) and second-order transitions with non-trivial scaling. It is a simple generalization of the Ginzburg-Landau-Wilson paradigm to systems with an emergent (or hidden) conformal sector. Having identified the near-critical EFT, we explore its basic phenomenology by computing critical exponents and low-frequency correlators.
description: RevTeX, 4+epsilon pages; v2: fixed typos, added a reference
Speicheldrüsentumore : eine systematische Recherche der Literatur und eine monozentrische retrospektive Erhebung für den Süden Sachsen-Anhalts
Creators: name: Fichtner, Theresa Marie
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Zielsetzung: Ziel dieser Promotionsschrift war, eine aktuelle Übersicht über das internationale Vorkommen der Speicheldrüsentumore zu geben. Methoden: Für die Literaturrecherche wurde die Datenbank PubMed.gov genutzt. Für die retrospektive Analyse wurden Daten von Patienten des Universitätsklinikums Halle (Mund-, Kiefer-, Gesichtschirurgische Abteilung / Pathologie) und des Statistischen Landesamt Sachsen-Anhalt ausgewählt. Wesentliche Ergebnisse: Durch die Literaturrecherche konnten die Daten einer 25.826 Patienten umfassenden Kohorte untersucht und analysiert werden. Die häufigsten Speicheldrüsenneoplasien waren in fast allen Studien benigne. Durch die retrospektive Analyse wurden 382 Patienten mit einer Speicheldrüsenneoplasie registriert. Schlussfolgerungen: Innerhalb der Kopf-Hals-Tumore sind Erhebungen über SN unterrepräsentiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen starke internationale und regionale Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Verteilung der verschiedenen Entitäten.
description: This work compiles a current overview of international occurrence of salivary gland tumors. A systematic literature review was carried out using the PubMed.gov database. In the retrospective analysis the data of patients were selected from Martin Luther University (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery / Institute of Pathology) and the Federal Statistics Office Saxony-Anhalt. Within this literary review the selected data of 25.826 patients creates the cohort for the research and subsequent analysis. The prevalent salivary gland tumors were benign in almost all studies. Through retrospective analysis of the data 382 patients with salivary gland tumors were found. Surveys about salivary gland tumors are inadequately represented within head and neck tumors. The results show strong international and regional differences with regard to distribution of the discussed entities.
Collision Energy Dependence of Viscous Hydrodynamic Flow in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Shen, Chun
name: Heinz, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a (2+1)-d viscous hydrodynamical model, we study the dependence of flow observables on the collision energy ranging from sqrt(s)=7.7 A GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) to sqrt(s)=2760 A GeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). With a realistic equation of state, Glauber model initial conditions and a small specific shear viscosity eta/s = 0.08, the differential charged hadron elliptic flow v_2^{ch}(p_T,sqrt(s)) is found to exhibit a very broad maximum as a function of sqrt(s) around top RHIC energy, rendering it almost independent of collision energy for 39 < sqrt(s) < 2760 A GeV. Compared to ideal fluid dynamical simulations, this "saturation" of elliptic flow is shifted to higher collision energies by shear viscous effects. For color-glass motivated MC-KLN initial conditions, which require a larger shear viscosity eta/s = 0.2 to reproduce the measured elliptic flow, a similar "saturation" is not observed up to LHC energies, except for very low p_T. We emphasize that this "saturation" of the elliptic flow is not associated with the QCD phase transition, but arises from the interplay between radial and elliptic flow which shifts with sqrt(s) depending on the fluid's viscosity and leads to a subtle cancellation between increasing contributions from light and decreasing contributions from heavy particles to v_2 in the sqrt(s) range where v_2^{ch}(p_T,sqrt(s)) at fixed p_T is maximal. By generalizing the definition of spatial eccentricity epsilon_x to isothermal hyper-surfaces, we calculate epsilon_x on the kinetic freeze-out surface at different collision energies. Up to top RHIC energy, sqrt(s)=200 A GeV, the fireball is still out-of-plane deformed at freeze out, while at LHC energy the final spatial eccentricity is predicted to approach zero.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ON ADULT ASTHMA PATIENTS' ADHERENCE TO INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS (ICS) IN HOSPITAL PUTRAJAYA (HPJ)
Creators: name: Teng, Sook Yee
name: Yusoff, Aina Mastura
name: Foong, Sook Yeng
name: Hamiza Bt Aziz
name: Razy, Nur Hafizhah Bt Mohamad Pakarul
name: NurIzzati Hashim
name: Tan, Bee Sen
name: Zaki, Nik Nurhanini Binti Nik Mohd
name: Fariha Syakirin Bt Muhd Fakhruddin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS); asthma

description: Introduction: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are a hallmark treatment for asthma disease. Despite its efficacy, patient adherence on ICS still remain low. Currently, studies evaluating the patient’s adherence towards different types of ICS and its contributing factors are lacking. This study assess the medication adherence towards ICS medications among adult asthma patients and to study the relationship between contributing factors and adherence to ICS medications. Materials and methods: In this cross sectional study, patients (≥18years old) diagnosed with bronchial asthma for more than 1 year were given a self-administered, validated questionnaire during their visit at Outpatient Pharmacy, HPJ. Patient’s demographic factors, their knowledge on asthma; adherence level for ICS medication and asthma control score were collected. Then, data analysis was done to study the relationship between contributing factors with adherence level to ICS medications using SPSS V20. Results: A total of 243 patients were recruited with a median age of 57 [42.0-67.0] years old. Budesonide Inhaler (36.6%) was the most commonly used type of ICS; followed by Budesonide 160mcg/Formoterol 4.5mcg Turbuhaler (26.3%) and Salmeterol / Fluticasone 50mcg /250mcg Accuhaler (11.1%). Majority patient adherence reported was poor (60.5%), followed by intermediate (27.9%) and good (11.6%). Patient’s factors that have significant association with patients’ adherence were gender, educational level, smoking, family history of asthma, counseling session with pharmacist; asthma knowledge level and asthma control level (p<0.05). Female, literate patients with no smoking and family history of asthma; and those who had counselling session with pharmacist; had good asthma knowledge and had better asthma control were significantly more compliant to ICS (p<0.05). Discussion / Conclusion: The medication adherence towards ICS medications was poor and this study identified the group of patients such factors identified needed effective counselling by the pharmacist to improve their adherence to ICS treatment.

description: This poster was submitted to the 14th National Conference for Clinical Research (NCCR) on August 18-20 2021. https://nccrconference.com.my/
Unitary Cavity Spin Squeezing by Quantum Erasure
Creators: name: Leroux, Ian D.
name: Schleier-Smith, Monika H.
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Vuletić, Vladan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deterministic light-induced spin squeezing in an atomic gas is limited by photon shot noise or, equivalently, by atomic state information escaping with the light field mediating the effective atom-atom interaction. We show theoretically that the performance of cavity spin squeezing [M.H. Schleier-Smith, I.D. Leroux, and V. Vuletić, Phys. Rev. A 81, 021804(R) (2010)] can be substantially improved by erasing the light-atom entanglement, and propose several methods for doing so. Accounting for light scattering into free space, quantum erasure improves the scaling of cavity squeezing from S^(-1/2) to S^(-2/3), where S is the total atomic spin.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures; sections reordered and text edited for clarity
Integrated intelligent decision support model for ranking regional transport infrastructure programmes based on performance assessment
Creators: name: Bouraima, Mouhamed Bayane
name: Qiu, Yanjun
name: Stević, Željko
name: Marinković, Dragan
name: Deveci, Muhammet
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: regional transport
subject: infrastructure
subject: programme
subject: Africa
subject: IMF SWARA
subject: fuzzy MARCOS

description: In recent years, major regional transport infrastructure programmes have been adopted throughout the African continent. However, it has been noticed that while some programmes seem to be more effective, others have shown opposite outcomes. On this point, understanding the difference in the execution outcomes of these programmes is important for stakeholders. In this study, an improved fuzzy Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis based on the fuzzy Bonferroni aggregator is integrated with fuzzy Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to COmpromise Solution to assess the most critical factors affecting the performance of the African regional infrastructure programmes and identify the best regional transportation infrastructure programme based on its performance. Four regional transportation infrastructure programmes are considered. To rank these programmes, five criteria are defined. The results show that “leadership” and “availability of finance” are the most critical factors while the fourth alternative “East African road network project” is the best alternative among the four possible programmes. The robustness of the proposed methodology is validated through a three-phase sensitivity analysis. The results confirmed the stability and applicability of the proposed methodology.
title: Schwarze Schmach
title: Schwarze Schmach
Creators: name: Roos, Julia
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Rheinland
subject: Besetzung
subject: Rassismus
subject: o.P. Germany--History--Allied occupation, 1918-1930
subject: Racism--Germany

description: ''Schwarze Schmach ''was a racist epithet for France’s colonial troops stationed in the German Rhineland after World War I. This early 1920s propaganda campaign focused on alleged sexual crimes by African soldiers to discredit the Versailles Treaty. It highlights the profound impact that anxieties about war-induced shifts in established colonial and gender hierarchies had on post-war discourses on race and nation.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Local spectral properties of Luttinger liquids: scaling versus nonuniversal energy scales
Creators: name: Schuricht, D.
name: Andergassen, S.
name: Meden, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent scanning tunneling and photoemission spectroscopy measurements on self-organized gold chains on a germanium surface we reinvestigate the local single-particle spectral properties of Luttinger liquids. In the first part we use the bosonization approach to exactly compute the local spectral function of a simplified field theoretical low-energy model and take a closer look at scaling properties as a function of the ratio of energy and temperature. Translational invariant Luttinger liquids as well as those with an open boundary (cut chain geometry) are considered. We explicitly show that the scaling functions of both setups have the same analytic form. The scaling behavior suggests a variety of consistency checks which can be performed on measured data to experimentally verify Luttinger liquid behavior. In a second part we approximately compute the local spectral function of a microscopic lattice model---the extended Hubbard model---close to an open boundary using the functional renormalization group. We show that as a function of energy and temperature it follows the field theoretical prediction in the low-energy regime and point out the importance of nonuniversal energy scales inherent to any microscopic model. The spatial dependence of this spectral function is characterized by oscillatory behavior and an envelope function which follows a power law both in accordance with the field theoretical continuum model. Interestingly, for the lattice model we find a phase shift which is proportional to the two-particle interaction and not accounted for in the standard bosonization approach to Luttinger liquids with an open boundary. We briefly comment on the effects of several one-dimensional branches cutting the Fermi energy and Rashba spin-orbit interaction.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, version as accepted for publication in J. Phys.:Condensed Matter
Klassischer Ionen-Kanal oder Transporter? : Mechanistische Studien zeigen das Hybrid-Verhalten des Formiat-Kanals FocA
Creators: name: Kammel, Michelle
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 570

description: Das Schlüsselenzym der gemischten Säuregärung, die Pyruvat Formiat-Lyase (PFL), katalysiert die Bildung von Formiat-Ionen. Um die pH- und Formiat-Homöostase zu gewährleisten, wird das monovalente Anion der Ameisensäure bidirektional aus und ins Cytoplasma transloziert. In Escherichia coli übernimmt dies der pentamere Formiat-Kanal FocA, welcher zur Familie der Formiat-Nitrit-Transportern (FNTs) gehört. Wichtige regulatorische Funktion im Transport-Mechanismus nehmen die sich im zentralen, hydrophoben Teil der Pore befindenden Aminosäuren Threonin91 und Histidin209, sowie der N terminale Bereich von FocA ein. Letzterer trägt durch die Protein-Protein-Interaktion mit PFL zum gating bei. H209 ist essentiell für die Protonierung des Anions während dessen Aufnahme. Für den Formiat-Efflux wird ein Kanal-artiger Mechanismus postuliert. Für den Formiat-Influx hingegen wird aktiver Transport, welcher an die Aktivität des Formiat-Hydrogenlyase Komplexes (FHL) gekoppelt ist, vorgeschlagen.
description: The key enzyme of mixed-acid fermentation, pyruvate formate-lyase (PFL), catalyzes the formation of formate ions. To maintain pH and formate homeostasis, the monovalent anion of formic acid is effluxed from, and taken up into, the cytoplasm in a bidirectional manner. In Escherichia coli, this translocation is carried out by the formate channel FocA, a member of the pentameric formate-nitrite transporter (FNT) family. Threonine91 and histidine209, which are located in the central hydrophobic part of each pore, as well as the N-terminal domain of FocA, are confirmed to have a significant regulatory function in the translocation mechanism. The N-terminal domain of FocA interacts with PFL, which contributes to the gating mechanism. H209 is essential for anion protonation during import. Formate efflux is proposed to be by a channel-like mechanism. However, formate influx, which is linked with formate hydrogenlyase (FHL) activity, is hypothesized to exhibit active transport behavior.