cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
O-Minimality and its Applications to Number Theory and Analysis
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: The workshop brought together researchers in the areas of o-minimal structures, analysis and number theory. The latest developments in o-minimality and their applications to number theory and analysis were presented in a series of talks; one focus, in particular, was on the Pila–Wilkie Theorem and its impact on diophantine problems.
Differential Equations arising from Organising Principles in Biology
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: This workshop brought together experts in modeling and analysis of organising principles of multiscale biological systems such as cell assemblies, tissues and populations. We focused on questions arising in systems biology and medicine which are related to emergence, function and control of spatial and inter-individual heterogeneity in population dynamics. There were three main areas represented of differential equation models in mathematical biology. The first area involved the mathematical description of structured populations. The second area concerned invasion, pattern formation and collective dynamics. The third area treated the evolution and adaptation of populations, following the Darwinian paradigm. These problems led to differential equations, which frequently are non-trivial extensions of classical problems. The examples included but were not limited to transport-type equations with nonlocal boundary conditions, mixed ODE-reaction-diffusion models, nonlocal diffusion and cross-diffusion problems or kinetic equations.
Mini-Workshop: Positional Games
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: This mini-workshop focused on Positional Games and related ﬁelds. Positional Games Theory is a branch of Combinatorics whose main aim is to systematically develop an extensive mathematical basis for a variety of two-player games of perfect information and without chance moves, usually played on discrete objects. These include popular recreational games such as Tic-Tac-Toe and Hex as well as purely abstract games played on graphs and hypergraphs. Though a close relative of the classical Game Theory of von Neumann and of Nim-like games, popularized by Conway and others, Positional Games are quite diﬀerent and are more of a combinatorial nature. The subject is strongly related to several other branches of Combinatorics like Ramsey Theory, Extremal Graph and Set Theory, and the Probabilistic Method. It has also proven to be instrumental in deriving central results in Theoretical Computer Science, in particular in derandomization and algorithmization of important probabilistic tools. Despite being a relatively young topic, there are already three textbooks dedicated to Positional Games as well
Relaxation and emission of Bragg-mode and cavity-mode polaritons in a ZnO microcavity at room temperature
Creators: name: Faure, Stéphane
name: Brimont, Christelle
name: Guillet, Thierry
name: Bretagnon, T.
name: Gil, B.
name: Médard, François
name: Lagarde, D.
name: Disseix, Pierre
name: Leymarie, Joel
name: Zúñiga-Pérez, Jesús
name: Leroux, Mathieu
name: Frayssinet, Eric
name: Moreno, Jean-Christophe
name: Semond, Fabrice
name: Bouchoule, Sophie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong coupling regime in a ZnO microcavity is investigated through room temperature photoluminescence and reflectivity experiments. The simultaneous strong coupling of excitons to the cavity mode and the first Bragg mode is demonstrated at room temperature. The polariton relaxation is followed as a function of the excitation density. A relaxation bottleneck is evidenced in the Bragg-mode polariton branch. It is partly broken under strong excitation density, so that the emission from this branch dominates the one from cavity-mode polaritons.
D6.4 Demonstration and Evaluation of Concepts in Buildings
Creators: name: Savov, Atanas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: IoRL technology, different scenario environments, field tests, Throughput, EVM received power and Reliability, Location Accuracy against a prescribed grid, practical recommendations, on technical and functional performances, performance metrics

description: This deliverable highlights the features provided by IoRL technology on technical and user experience aspects for the different scenario environments. It includes four fields test: 1) VLC Coverage, 2) VLC Location Accuracy against a prescribed grid, 3) mmWave Coverage and 4) EM Exposure. The test results verify the IoRL concept and provide practical indications for improving the design and produce design guidelines for the optimal deployment of the 5G Remote Radio Light Heads (RRLHs) in buildings.
Triangulation of gravitational wave sources with a network of detectors
Creators: name: Fairhurst, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is significant benefit to be gained by pursuing multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational wave and electromagnetic observations. In order to undertake electromagnetic follow-ups of gravitational wave signals, it will be necessary to accurately localize them in the sky. Since gravitational wave detectors are not inherently pointing instruments, localization will occur primarily through triangulation with a network of detectors. We investigate the expected timing accuracy for observed signals and the consequences for localization. In addition, we discuss the effect of systematic uncertainties in the waveform and calibration of the instruments on the localization of sources. We provide illustrative results of timing and localization accuracy as well as systematic effects for coalescing binary waveforms.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Mini-Workshop: Asymptotic Invariants of Homogeneous Ideals
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: Recent decades have witnessed a shift in interest from isolated objects to families of objects and their limit behavior, both in algebraic geometry and in commutative algebra. A series of various invariants have been introduced in order to measure and capture asymptotic properties of various algebraic objects motivated by geometrical ideas. The major goals of this workshop were to reﬁne these asymptotic ideas, to articulate unifying themes, and to identify the most promising new directions for study in the near future. We expect the ideas discussed and originated during this workshop to be poised to have a broad impact beyond the areas of algebraic geometry and commutative algebra.
Spots structure and stratification of helium and silicon in the atmosphere of He-weak star HD 21699
Creators: name: Shavrina, A. V.
name: Glagolevskij, Yu. V.
name: Silvester, J.
name: Chuntonov, G. A.
name: Khalack, V. R.
name: Pavlenko, Ya. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic star HD 21699 possesses a unique magnetic field structure where the magnetic dipole is displaced from the centre by 0.4 +/- 0.1 of the stellar radius (perpendicularly to the magnetic axis), as a result, the magnetic poles are situated close to one another on the stellar surface with an angular separation of 55$^o$ and not 180$^o$ as seen in the case of a centred dipole. Respectively, the two magnetic poles form a large "magnetic spot". High-resolution spectra were obtained allowing He I and Si II abundance variations to be studied as a function of rotational phase. The results show that the helium abundance is concentrated in one hemisphere of the star, near the magnetic poles and it is comparatively weaker in another hemisphere, where magnetic field lines are horizontal with respect to the stellar surface. At the same time, the silicon abundance is greatest between longitudes of 180 - 320$^o$, the same place where the helium abundance is the weakest. These abundance variations (with rotational phase) support predictions made by the theory of atomic diffusion in the presence of a magnetic field. Simultaneously, these result support the possibility of the formation of unusual structures in stellar magnetic fields. Analysis of vertical stratification of the silicon and helium abundances shows that the boundaries of an abundance jump (in the two step model) are similar for each element; $τ_{5000}$ = 0.8-1.2 for helium and 0.5-1.3 for silicon. The elemental abundances in the layers of effective formation of selected absorption lines for various phases are also correlated with the excitation energies of low transition levels: abundances are enhanced for higher excitation energy and higher optical depth within the applied model atmosphere.
description: accepted by MN, 7 pagers, 10 figs, 3 tables
Mini-Workshop: Algebraic, Geometric, and Combinatorial Methods in Frame Theory
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: Frames are collections of vectors in a Hilbert space which have reconstruction properties similar to orthonormal bases and applications in areas such as signal and image processing, quantum information theory, quantization, compressed sensing, and phase retrieval. Further desirable properties of frames for robustness in these applications coincide with structures that have appeared independently in other areas of mathematics, such as special matroids, Gel’Fand-Zetlin polytopes, and combinatorial designs. Within the past few years, the desire to understand these structures has led to many new fruitful interactions between frame theory and fields in pure mathematics, such as algebraic and symplectic geometry, discrete geometry, algebraic combinatorics, combinatorial design theory, and algebraic number theory. These connections have led to the solutions of several open problems and are ripe for further exploration. The central goal of our mini-workshop was to attack open problems that were amenable to an interdisciplinary approach combining certain subfields of frame theory, geometry, and combinatorics.
Manipulating the Loss in Electromagnetic Cloaks for Perfect Wave Absorption
Creators: name: Argyropoulos, Christos
name: Kallos, Efthymios
name: Zhao, Yan
name: Hao, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine several ways to manipulate the loss in electromagnetic cloaks, based on transformation electromagnetics. It is found that, by utilizing inherent electric and magnetic losses of metamaterials, perfect wave absorption can be achieved based on several popular designs of electromagnetic cloaks. A practical implementation of the absorber, consisting of ten discrete layers of metamaterials, is proposed. The new devices demonstrate super-absorptivity over a moderate wideband range, suitable for both microwave and optical applications. It is corroborated that the device is functional with a subwavelength thickness and, hence, advantageous compared to the conventional absorbers.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Arbeitsgemeinschaft: Rigidity of Stationary Measure
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: The aim of this Arbeitsgemeinschaft was to understand the classification of stationary measures for semisimple random walks on a finite volume homogeneous space and its applications as described in the two papers [1] and [2].
Computational Engineering
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: This Workshop treated a variety of finite element methods and applications in computational engineering and expanded their mathematical foundation in engineering analysis. Among the 53 participants were mathematicians and engineers with focus on mixed and nonstandard finite element schemes and their applications.
Protected Subspaces in Quantum Information
Creators: name: Majgier, Krzysztof
name: Maassen, Hans
name: Zyczkowski, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In certain situations the state of a quantum system, after transmission through a quantum channel, can be perfectly restored. This can be done by 'coding' the state space of the system before transmission into a 'protected' part of a larger state space, and by applying a proper 'decoding' map afterwards. We investigate two kinds of protected subspaces: the error correction subspaces and the dark subspaces. In neither case information leaks out of the system, but in the second it is more difficult to restore the state. Recent results on higher rank numerical ranges of operators are used to construct examples. In particular, dark spaces are constructed for any map of rank 2, for a biased permutations channel and for certain separable maps acting on multipartite systems. Furthermore, error correction subspaces are provided for a class of three unitary noise models.
description: final extended version, 19 pages and 9 figures
Emergence of Structures in Particle Systems: Mechanics, Analysis and Computation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: The meeting focused on the last advances in particle systems. The talks covered a broad range of topics, ranging from questions in crystallization and atomistic systems to mesoscopic models of defects to machine learning approaches and computational aspects.
title: A case of Pott’s Puffy Tumor after radiation therapy
Creators: name: Baraças, Catarina
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Head & neck imaging
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Abscess
subject: Inflammation
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 64-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with a large tender swelling on the forehead and uncontrolled pain. (Fig 1)

She had a history of left sinonasal carcinoma, in 1998, treated with maxillectomy and radiation therapy. (Fig 2) She denied trauma.

description: 64 years, female
The Role of Community in an Alternative Mediation Forum in West New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea: Legal Innovation Part 2
Creators: name: Houghton, Eve
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University
Year: 2014

description: This In Brief contributes to a discussion of access to justice, and legal practices in Papua New Guinea. It continues from Melissa Demian's In Brief 2014/24: Innovation in Papua New Guinea's Village Courts: Exceeding Jurisdiction or Meeting Local Needs? Legal Innovation: Part 1. While conducting fieldwork in West New Britain Province, I have been investigating the current legal practices of the Village Courts, as well as identifying any alternative dispute forums present in the palm oil region of Bialla. What is evident in my research so far, is the clear distinction that is made between different dispute forums by individuals in Bialla, despite both venues sharing many commonalities of practice. Focussing on a case of adultery within a local dispute forum, this In Brief highlights the use of mediation outside of the courts to settle disputes, and what this alternative legal access means for the community.
How Do Observational Astronomers Learn to Inspect Imaging Data
Creators: name: Walsh, Hugo
name: Fluke, Christopher
name: Webb, Sara
name: Wise, Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astronomy is entering an unprecedented era of data collection. Upcoming large surveys will gather more data than ever before, generated at rates requiring real-time decision making. Looking ahead, it is inevitable that astronomers will need to rely more heavily on automated processes. Indeed, some instances have already arisen wherein the majority of the inspection process is automated. Visual discovery, performed traditionally by humans, is one key area where automation is now being integrated rapidly. Visual discovery comprises two aspects: (1) visual inspection, the skill associated with examining an image to identify areas or objects of interest; and (2) visual interpretation, the knowledge associated with the classification of the objects or features. Both skills and knowledge are vital for humans to perform visual discovery, however, there appears to have been limited investigation into how the skill of visual inspection in astronomy is acquired. We report on a survey of 70 professional observational astronomers, at various career stages and from different geographical regions. We found that between 63% and 73% of the astronomers surveyed had received formal and$/$or informal training in visual inspection of images, although formal training (21%) was less common than informal training (60%). Surprisingly, out of the 37% who did not recall having received training in visual inspection, 29% (20 astronomers) indicated that they provided training to others. This suggests the emergence of `expertise without precedent' where a first expert in the field provides a new way of achieving a task. These results, paired with a set of three pilot interviews, present a touchstone against which the training of future observational astronomers can be compared.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 16 tables
Variational Methods for the Modelling of Inelastic Solids
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: This workshop brought together two communities working on the same topic from different perspectives. It strengthened the exchange of ideas between experts from both mathematics and mechanics working on a wide range of questions related to the understanding and the prediction of processes in solids. Common tools in the analysis include the development of models within the broad framework of continuum mechanics, calculus of variations, nonlinear partial differential equations, nonlinear functional analysis, Gamma convergence, dimension reduction, homogenization, discretization methods and numerical simulations. The applications of these theories include but are not limited to nonlinear models in plasticity, microscopic theories at different scales, the role of pattern forming processes, effective theories, and effects in singular structures like blisters or folding patterns in thin sheets, passage from atomistic or discrete models to continuum models, interaction of scales and passage from the consideration of one specific time step to the continuous evolution of the system, including the evolution of appropriate measures of the internal structure of the system.
D2.1 - Data Models & Representations
Creators: name: Boytcheva, Svetla
name: Tarkalanov, Plamen
name: Tulechki, Nikola
name: Pavlin Gyurov
name: Rusinov, Nikola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: food safety
big data
standards
certification

description: This document presents the initial version of the data models developed within The Food Safety Market (TheFSM) project and their machine-readable representations. In the document we briefly present data types, data sources, and data formats. Special attention is paid to the domain-specific ontologies, standard classifications, and vocabularies. The result data models are based on the desk research and analysis, based on data inventory of publicly available datasets, as well as dataset samples provided by TheFSM consortium. The detailed analysis of data requirements of all use cases and certification schemes serves as a basis for TheFSM integrated data model. Developed machine-readable data models are in compliance with the industry-accepted standards in order to ensure interoperability of TheFSM platform. This document will be updated twice at M24 and M36 to show the progress in terms of data interoperability and coverage.
Is Extra Mixing Really Needed in Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars?
Creators: name: Karakas, Amanda I.
name: Campbell, Simon W.
name: Stancliffe, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We demonstrate that the amount of extra mixing required to fit the observed low C/N and 12C/13C ratios in first giant branch (FGB) stars is also sufficient to explain the C and N abundances of Galactic AGB stars. We simulate the effect of extra mixing on the FGB by setting the composition of the envelope to that observed in low-mass FGB stars, and then evolve the models to the tip of the AGB. The inclusion of FGB extra mixing compositional changes has a strong effect on the C and N abundance in our AGB models, leading to compositions consistent with those measured in Galactic C-rich stars. The composition of the models is also consistent with C abundances measured in mainstream silicon carbide grains. While our models cover the range of C abundances measured in C stars in NGC 1846, we cannot simultaneously match the composition of the O and C-rich stars. Our models only match the O isotopic composition of K and some M, MS giants, and are not able to match the O composition of C-rich AGB stars. By increasing the 16O intershell abundance (based on observational evidence) it is possible to reproduce the observed trend of increasing 16O/18O and 16O/17O ratios with evolutionary phase. We conclude 1) if extra mixing occurs during the AGB it likely only occurs efficiently in low metallicity objects, or when the stars are heavily obscured making spectroscopic observations difficult, and 2) that the intershell compositions of AGB stars needs further investigation.
description: 24 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ
Combinatorial Optimization
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: Combinatorial Optimization is an active research area that developed from the rich interaction among many mathematical areas, including combinatorics, graph theory, geometry, optimization, probability, theoretical computer science, and many others. It combines algorithmic and complexity analysis with a mature mathematical foundation and it yields both basic research and applications in manifold areas such as, for example, communications, economics, traffic, network design, VLSI, scheduling, production, computational biology, to name just a few. Through strong inner ties to other mathematical fields it has been contributing to and benefiting from areas such as, for example, discrete and convex geometry, convex and nonlinear optimization, algebraic and topological methods, geometry of numbers, matroids and combinatorics, and mathematical programming. Moreover, with respect to applications and algorithmic complexity, Combinatorial Optimization is an essential link between mathematics, computer science and modern applications in data science, economics, and industry.
Prose poetry and the novels of Ricardo Guiraldes
Creators: name: Nepaulsingh, Colbert Ivor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this study is to trace the evolution of prose poetry in the work of Ricardo Güiraldes and to extract and examine the prose poems that he inserted into his novels. In the first chapter an attempt is made to show which men and their work encouraged Güiraldes to use prose poetry as a medium. The second chapter deals with the audience Güiraldes aimed to please, and with their reaction to his early prose poems. The following chapters aim to demonstrate what happened to the prose poetry of Ricardo Güiraldes after his audience disappointed him. These last chapters are listed in order as the novels were completed by Güiraldes and bear the titles of those novels. In order to decide what Güiraldes considered a "prose poem", it was necessary to complete beforehand a study of the work of Güiraldes published as poetry. Parts of that study were of some assistance in the extraction of the poems from the novels.
Complexity Theory
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zürich : EMS Publ. House
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 510

description: Computational Complexity Theory is the mathematical study of the intrinsic power and limitations of computational resources like time, space, or randomness. The current workshop focused on recent developments in various sub-areas including arithmetic complexity, Boolean complexity, communication complexity, cryptography, probabilistic proof systems, pseudorandomness, and quantum computation. Many of the developments are related to diverse mathematical ﬁelds such as algebraic geometry, combinatorial number theory, probability theory, representation theory, and the theory of error-correcting codes.
Gravity & Hydrodynamics: Lectures on the fluid-gravity correspondence
Creators: name: Rangamani, Mukund
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss recent developments in the hydrodynamic description of strongly coupled conformal field theories using the AdS/CFT correspondence. In particular, we review aspects of the fluid-gravity correspondence which provides a map between a class of inhomogeneous, dynamical, black hole solutions in asymptotically AdS spacetimes and arbitrary fluid flows in the strongly interacting boundary field theory. We explain how the geometric duals to the fluid dynamics are constructed in a boundary derivative expansion and use the construction to extract the hydrodynamic transport coefficients. In addition we also describe the recent developments extending the correspondence to incorporate matter fields and to non-relativistic systems. Based on lectures given at the CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings and Gauge Theories, Geneva, Switzerland (February 2009).
description: 60 pages, 3 eps figures. v2: added refs. v3: corrected typos
Additional file 4 of Resveratrol and its derivative pterostilbene ameliorate intestine injury in intrauterine growth-retarded weanling piglets by modulating redox status and gut microbiota
Creators: name: Chen, Yanan
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Chen, Yueping
name: Jia, Peilu
name: Ji, Shuli
name: Zhang, Yuying
name: Wang, Tian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S2. Unique and shared OTUs analysis and the alpha diversity of the cecal microbiota.
Kunst und Geld
Eine diskurslinguistische Untersuchung zur documenta 14
Creators: name: Bodden, Tamara
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Diskurs
subject: Öffentlichkeit
subject: Intertextualität
subject: Kulturförderung
subject: 700
subject: Kassel
subject: Documenta (14. : 2017 : Athen; Kassel)
subject: Diskursanalyse
subject: Intertextualität
subject: Kulturförderung
subject: Öffentliche Ausgaben

description: Zugleich: Dissertation, Universität Kassel, 2022. Erschienen unter dem Titel „Die öffentliche Finanzierung des Kulturbetriebs. Eine diskurslinguistische Untersuchung zur documenta 14“, Universität Kassel, Fachbereich 02, Geistes- und Kulturwissenschaften. Tag der Disputation: 20.07.2022
description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
Two and one-dimensional honeycomb structures of silicon and germanium
Creators: name: Cahangirov, Seymur
name: Topsakal, Mehmet
name: Akturk, Ethem
name: Sahin, Hasan
name: Ciraci, Salim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on first-principles calculations of structure optimization, phonon modes and finite temperature molecular dynamics, we predict that silicon and germanium have stable, two-dimensional, low-buckled, honeycomb structures. Similar to graphene, they are ambipolar and their charge carriers can behave like a massless Dirac fermions due to their pi- and pi*-bands which are crossed linearly at the Fermi level. In addition to these fundamental properties, bare and hydrogen passivated nanoribbons of Si and Ge show remarkable electronic and magnetic properties, which are size and orientation dependent. These properties offer interesting alternatives for the engineering of diverse nanodevices.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures and 1 table. (published in Physical Review Letters)
title: Valuing Diversity: An Undervalued Outcome of and Potential Precursor to Intergroup Contact
Creators: name: Wallrich, Lukas
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2021

description: As diversity continues to increase across Western societies, prejudice persists. While public debate continues, meta-analytic evidence shows that identity-conscious approaches – those that recognise and appreciate differences – lead to reduced prejudice and better intergroup relations than identity-blind approaches. However, majority-status groups often prefer not to see colour or other differences. Therefore, the question of how a valuing of diversity can be developed matters. Intergroup contact might help, given that it is one of the best-established routes to prejudice reduction and an improvement of intergroup relations, yet to date, it has rarely been linked to diversity beliefs. This thesis assesses the relationship between diversity beliefs and intergroup contact from various angles. It starts by asking about the primary direction of influence. So far, valuing diversity has been conceptualised as both a precursor to and outcome of intergroup contact, yet longitudinal or experimental research is very rare. Using longitudinal data, I show that positive and negative contact predict changes in the valuing of diversity over time, while the reverse paths are weaker and not statistically significant. From there, I test whether changes in valuing diversity can serve as a mediator that explains various effects of intergroup contact and show that such changes are particularly relevant when it comes to understanding the association between intergroup contact and cognitive outcomes. Regarding implications for practice, I show that a large-scale contact intervention increases the valuing of diversity, particularly when participants enter the intervention with high self-expansion orientation and engage in conversations about differences. However, a targeted intervention to promote the valuing of diversity through promoting conversations about the value of differences yielded mixed results, suggesting that the pathways to change are different for majority- and minority-status participants and that further intervention research is needed. As highlighted through a single-paper meta-analysis at the end, the thesis provides consistent evidence for a model according to which positive and negative contact experiences shape the valuing of diversity, which then in turn shapes outgroup attitudes. I also present some evidence (both longitudinal and cross-sectional) that valuing diversity might increase intergroup approach intentions, and might thus result in increased intergroup contact over a longer timeframe. This suggests that conditions for the emergence of a virtuous cycle with self-reinforcing increases in positive contact and in valuing diversity might be created. With that, I highlight a novel pathway by which intergroup contact can contribute to the improvement of intergroup relations. Apart from advancing theory, this can inform the design of contact interventions.
Das Inspection Panel der Weltbank. Entwicklungspolitische Praktiken zwischen Disruption und Legitimation
Creators: name: Schäfer, Dustin
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Inspection Panel
subject: Entwicklungspolitik
subject: Organisation
subject: Organisationssoziologie
subject: Weltbank
subject: Bürokratie
subject: Macht
subject: Rechenschaftspflicht
subject: Globalisierung
subject: Postkolonialismus
subject: Entwicklungsssoziologie
subject: Politische Soziologie
subject: Internationale Politik
subject: Soziologie
subject: Entwicklungssoziologie
subject: 320
subject: Weltbank
subject: Weltbank. Inspection Panel
subject: Entwicklungspolitik
subject: Postkolonialismus
subject: Bürokratie

description: Zugleich: Dissertation, Universität Kassel, 2023. Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde am Fachbereich Entwicklungspolitik und Postkoloniale Studien unter dem Titel »Zwischen Disruption und Legitimation entwicklungspolitischer Praktiken. Der Beitrag des Inspection Panels der Weltbank zum Organisationslernen aus Perspektive einer machtkritischen Bürokratieforschung« als Dissertation angenommen, Tag der Disputation: 21.02.2023.
description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel. Die Promotion wurde durch die Hans-Böckler-Stiftung gefördert.
Biallelic mutations in cancer genomes reveal local mutational determinants.
Creators: name: Demeulemeester, Jonas
name: Dentro, Stefan C
name: Gerstung, Moritz
name: Van Loo, Peter
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: Tumour Biology
Genetics & Genomics
Human Biology & Physiology
Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
Computational & Systems Biology

description: The infinite sites model of molecular evolution posits that every position in the genome is mutated at most once1. By restricting the number of possible mutation histories, haplotypes and alleles, it forms a cornerstone of tumor phylogenetic analysis2 and is often implied when calling, phasing and interpreting variants3,4 or studying the mutational landscape as a whole5. Here we identify 18,295 biallelic mutations, where the same base is mutated independently on both parental copies, in 559 (21%) bulk sequencing samples from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes study. Biallelic mutations reveal ultraviolet light damage hotspots at E26 transformation-specific (ETS) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) binding sites, and hypermutable motifs in POLE-mutant and other cancers. We formulate recommendations for variant calling and provide frameworks to model and detect biallelic mutations. These results highlight the need for accurate models of mutation rates and tumor evolution, as well as their inference from sequencing data.
Quasiattractor in models of new and chaotic inflation
Creators: name: Kiselev, V. V.
name: Timofeev, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inflation with a scalar-field potential of the form λ(ϕ^2-v^2)^2 can be described in terms of a parametrical attractor with critical points, whose driftage depends on the control value of the slowly changing Hubble rate. The method allows us to easily obtain theoretical expressions for fluctuations of inhomogeneity in both the cosmic microwave background and distribution of matter. We find the region for admissible values of potential parameters, wherein theoretical predictions are consistent with experimental results within the limits of measurement uncertainties.
description: 10 pages, 2 eps-figures, revtex4, submitted to Gen.Rel.Grav
Continuous atom laser with Bose-Einstein condensates involving three-body interactions
Creators: name: Carpentier, A. V.
name: Michinel, H.
name: Olivieri, D. N.
name: Novoa, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate, through numerical simulations, the emission of a coherent continuous matter wave of constant amplitude from a Bose-Einstein Condensate in a shallow optical dipole trap. The process is achieved by spatial control of the variations of the scattering length along the trapping axis, including elastic three body interactions due to dipole interactions. In our approach, the outcoupling mechanism are atomic interactions and thus, the trap remains unaltered. We calculate analytically the parameters for the experimental implementation of this CW atom laser.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
The Intergalactic Stellar Population from Mergers of Elliptical Galaxies with Dark Matter halos
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Garcia, A. C.
name: Stanghellini, L.
name: Manchado, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simulations of dry-merger encounters between pairs of elliptical galaxies with dark matter halos. The aim of these simulations is to study the intergalactic stellar populations produced in both parabolic and hyperbolic encounters. We model progenitor galaxies with total-to-luminous mass ratios M_T/M_L 3 and 11. The initial mass of the colliding galaxies are chosen so that M_1/M_2 and 10. The model galaxies are populated by particles representing stars, as in Stanghellini et al. (2006), and dark matter. Merger remnants resulting from these encounters display a population of unbounded particles, both dark and luminous. The number of particles becoming unbounded depends on orbital configuration, with hyperbolic encounters producing a larger luminous intracluster population than parabolic encounters. Furthermore, in simulations with identical orbital parameters, a lower M_T/M_L of the colliding galaxies produces a larger fraction of unbounded luminous particles. For each modeled collision, the fraction of unbounded to initial stellar mass is the same in all mass-bins considered, similarly to what we found previously by modeling encounters of galaxies without dark halos. The fraction of intergalactic to total luminosity resulting from our simulations is ~ 4% and ~ 6% for dark-to-bright mass rations of 10 and 2 respectively. These unbounded-to-total luminous fractions are down from 17 % that we had previously found in the case of no dark halos. Our results are in broad agreement with intergalactic light observed in groups of galaxies, while the results of our previous models without dark halos better encompass observed intracluster populations. We suggest a possible formation scenario of intergalactic stars.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Measuring The Mass Loss Evolution at The Tip of The Asymptotic Giant Branch
Creators: name: Sandin, C.
name: Roth, M. M.
name: Schönberner, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the final stages of stellar evolution low- to intermediate-mass stars lose their envelope in increasingly massive stellar winds. Such winds affect the interstellar medium and the galactic chemical evolution as well as the circumstellar envelope where planetary nebulae form subsequently. Characteristics of this mass loss depend on both stellar properties and properties of gas and dust in the wind formation region. In this paper we present an approach towards studies of mass loss using both observations and models, focusing on the stage where the stellar envelope is nearly empty of mass. In a recent study we measure the mass-loss evolution, and other properties, of four planetary nebulae in the Galactic Disk. Specifically we use the method of integral field spectroscopy on faint halos, which are found outside the much brighter central parts of a planetary nebula. We begin with a brief comparison between our and other observational methods to determine mass-loss rates in order to illustrate how they differ and complement each other. An advantage of our method is that it measures the gas component directly requiring no assumptions of properties of dust in the wind. Thereafter we present our observational approach in more detail in terms of its validity and its assumptions. In the second part of this paper we discuss capabilities and assumptions of current models of stellar winds. We propose and discuss improvements to such models that will allow meaningful comparisons with our observations. Currently the physically most complete models include too little mass in the model domain to permit a formation of winds with as high mass-loss rates as our observations show.
description: 7 pages, workshop in honour of Agnes Acker, Legacies of the Macquarie/AAO/Strasbourg Halpha Planetary Nebula project, ed. Q.Parker and D.Frew, PASA, in press; clarified some parts and added some additional references
Kant's subject-object distinction
Creators: name: Porsche, Stephen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In chapters two and three of this thesis, the distinction between the subject and object of knowledge and perception in Kant's Critique of Pure Reason is examined in terms of what Kant calls, "representations." These representations are not, in general, as the name might suggest, pictures in the mind, or copies of objects. They are isolated bits of information which the mind has about the world; or, in other words, elementary ways in which the subject is related to the objects which it knows or perceives. The subject is constituted by the grouping of representations into different kinds of representations, mainly on the basis of similarities, so that we have the same sorts of information about different objects. The object is that which representations relate to when select representations of many different kinds are combined, mainly on the basis of coherence, so that we have different sorts of information about the same object. Chapter one is devoted to Kant's doctrine of the object in itself, which is discussed in terms of the distinction between knowledge and belief. Objects in themselves are objects apart from our representations of them. In spite of the fact that they cannot be known, objects in themselves are significant insofar as the false belief that we can know them is an inevitable result of the capacity of the subject to combine representations in different ways, including the combination of representations in the concept of an unknowable object.
Why Choosing Philosophy?
Creators: name: Vestrucci, Andrea
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Cagliari
Year: 2020

description: This paper is a letter never sent to philosopher, and friend, Ágnes Heller. In this letter I ideally discuss with her the qualities and the defaults of philosophy in contemporary world, while engaging some of her recent positions on the topic. First, I outline some epistemological issues in philosophy, and I confront them with science. Then, I deepen the distinction between academic and public aspects of philosophy, and the “Great Divide” between analytic and continental trends, and I present a possible way to overcome this Divide. Finally, I outline a possible scenario for the future of philosophy.
description: Critical Hermeneutics, 2020: Ágnes Heller (1929 - 2019) In memoriam The Utopia of Conversation
O and Na abundance patterns in open clusters of the Galactic disk
Creators: name: De Silva, G. M.
name: Gibson, B. K.
name: Lattanzio, J.
name: Asplund, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. A global O-Na abundance anti-correlation is observed in globular clusters, which is not present in the Galactic field population. Open clusters are thought to be chemically homogeneous internally. We aim to explore the O and Na abundance pattern among the open cluster population of the Galactic disk. Methods. We combine open cluster abundance ratios of O and Na from high-resolution spectroscopic studies in the literature and normalize them to a common solar scale. We compare the open cluster abundances against the globular clusters and disk field. Results. We find that the different environments show different abundance patterns. The open clusters do not show the O-Na anti-correlation at the extreme O-depletion / Na-enhancement as observed in globular clusters. Furthermore, the high Na abundances in open clusters do not match the disk field stars. If real, it may be suggesting that the dissolution of present-day open clusters is not a significant contribution to building the Galactic disk. Large-scale homogeneous studies of clusters and field will further confirm the reality of the Na enhancement.
description: To appear in Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters
title: Broken plural formation in Moroccan Arabic: a stratal optimality theory account
Creators: name: Nirheche, Ali
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: The plurals of Moroccan Arabic in general are divided into two types: sound and broken. The former is formed through a process of suffixation, while the latter usually involves an internal change in the singular stem (Harrel, 1962). Phonological patterning in broken plurals is complex. The only unified account of Moroccan Arabic broken plural formation has been proposed by Al Ghadi (1990) using the framework of Autosegmental Theory. As for Classical Arabic, McCarthy and Prince (1990) proposed a theory of Prosodic Morphology to account for broken plurals. Later, McCarthy (1997) proposed an analysis of this phenomenon using OUTPUT-OUTPUT correspondence in Optimality Theory. While these proposals are successful in accounting for some broken plural patterns in Classical Arabic, this thesis shows that they are insufficient to account for broken plural formation in Moroccan Arabic. A Stratal OT analysis of this phenomenon is proposed as an alternative account. The thesis adopts the representational assumptions made by Al Ghadi (1990) regarding the syllable template of Moroccan Arabic. The analysis proposed assumes that there are two main levels to broken plural formation: the stem level and the word level. At the stem level, the infixation of the broken plural morpheme takes place, while syllabification and epenthesis occur at the word level. Therefore, this thesis provides an attempt to account for the major broken plural patterns in Moroccan Arabic, i.e. CCVC, CCVCa, and CCVCeC, using Stratal OT (Kiparsky, 2000; Bermúdez-Otero, 2003; Rubach, 2003; among others). The analysis proposed makes use of faithfulness constraints that require identity between inputs and outputs of each level (e.g. MAX-IO, DEP-IO, CONTIGUITY, and so on) and markedness constraints that regulate the prosodic well-formedness of Moroccan Arabic broken plural forms (e.g. ONSET, ALIGN, and so on).
Using Atom Interferometery to Search for New Forces
Creators: name: Wacker, Jay G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atom interferometry is a rapidly advancing field and this Letter proposes an experiment based on existing technology that can search for new short distance forces. With current technology it is possible to improve the sensitivity by up to a factor of 10^2 and near-future advances will be able to rewrite the limits for forces with ranges from 100 um to 1 km.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures