cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The multidimensional truncated Moment Problem: Gaussian and Log-Normal Mixtures, their Carathéodory Numbers, and Set of Atoms
Creators: name: di Dio, Philipp J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 44A60, 14P10

description: We study truncated moment sequences of distribution mixtures, especially from Gaussian and log-normal distributions and their Carathéodory numbers. For $\mathsf{A} = \{a_1,\dots,a_m\}$ continuous (sufficiently differentiable) functions on $\mathbb{R}^n$ we give a general upper bound of $m-1$ and a general lower bound of $\left\lceil \frac{2m}{(n+1)(n+2)}\right\rceil$. For polynomials of degree at most $d$ in $n$ variables we find that the number of Gaussian and log-normal mixtures is bounded by the Carathéodory numbers in \cite{didio17Cara}. Therefore, for univariate polynomials $\{1,x,\dots,x^d\}$ at most $\left\lceil\frac{d+1}{2}\right\rceil$ distributions are needed. For bivariate polynomials of degree at most $2d-1$ we find that $\frac{3d(d-1)}{2}+1$ Gaussian distributions are sufficient. We also treat polynomial systems with gaps and find, e.g., that for $\{1,x^2,x^3,x^5,x^6\}$ 3 Gaussian distributions are enough for almost all truncated moment sequences. For log-normal distributions the number is bounded by half of the moment number. We give an example of continuous functions where more Gaussian distributions are needed than Dirac delta measures. We show that any inner truncated moment sequence has a mixture which contains any given distribution.
Low emittance muon accelerator studies with production from positrons on target
Creators: name: Boscolo, M.
name: Antonelli, M.
name: Blanco-Garcia, O. R.
name: Guiducci, S.
name: Liuzzo, S.
name: Raimondi, P.
name: Collamati, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new scheme to produce very low emittance muon beams using a positron beam of about 45~GeV interacting on electrons on target is presented. One of the innovative topics to be investigated is the behaviour of the positron beam stored in a low emittance ring with a thin target, that is directly inserted in the ring chamber to produce muons. Muons can be immediately collected at the exit of the target and transported to two $μ^+$ and $μ^-$ accumulator rings and then accelerated and injected in muon collider rings. We focus in this paper on the simulation of the e$^+$ beam interacting with the target, the effect of the target on the 6-D phase space and the optimization of the e$^+$ ring design to maximize the energy acceptance. We will investigate the performance of this scheme, ring plus target system, comparing different multi-turn simulations. The source is considered for use in a multi-TeV collider in ref.[1]
description: accepted for publication in Physical Review Accelerators and Beams
Environmental temperature variation influences fitness trade-offs and tolerance in a fish-tapeworm association
Creators: name: Franke, Frederik
name: Armitage, Sophie A. O.
name: Kutzer, Megan A. M.
name: Kurtz, Joachim
name: Scharsack, Jörn P.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: host-parasite interaction
subject: fitness
subject: tolerance
subject: environment
subject: temperature
subject: Gasterosteus aculeatus
subject: Schistocephalus solidus
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Background Increasing temperatures are predicted to strongly impact host-parasite interactions, but empirical tests are rare. Host species that are naturally exposed to a broad temperature spectrum offer the possibility to investigate the effects of elevated temperatures on hosts and parasites. Using three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus L., and tapeworms, Schistocephalus solidus (Müller, 1776), originating from a cold and a warm water site of a volcanic lake, we subjected sympatric and allopatric host-parasite combinations to cold and warm conditions in a fully crossed design. We predicted that warm temperatures would promote the development of the parasites, while the hosts might benefit from cooler temperatures. We further expected adaptations to the local temperature and mutual adaptations of local host-parasite pairs. Results Overall, S. solidus parasites grew faster at warm temperatures and stickleback hosts at cold temperatures. On a finer scale, we observed that parasites were able to exploit their hosts more efficiently at the parasite’s temperature of origin. In contrast, host tolerance towards parasite infection was higher when sticklebacks were infected with parasites at the parasite’s ‘foreign’ temperature. Cold-origin sticklebacks tended to grow faster and parasite infection induced a stronger immune response. Conclusions Our results suggest that increasing environmental temperatures promote the parasite rather than the host and that host tolerance is dependent on the interaction between parasite infection and temperature. Sticklebacks might use tolerance mechanisms towards parasite infection in combination with their high plasticity towards temperature changes to cope with increasing parasite infection pressures and rising temperatures.
Enhanced Symmetry of the $p$-adic Wavelets
Creators: name: Dutta, Parikshit
name: Ghoshal, Debashis
name: Lala, Arindam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wavelet analysis has been extended to the $p$-adic line $\mathbb{Q}_p$. The $p$-adic wavelets are complex valued functions with compact support. As in the case of real wavelets, the construction of the basis functions is recursive, employing scaling and translation. Consequently, wavelets form a representation of the affine group generated by scaling and translation. In addition, $p$-adic wavelets are eigenfunctions of a pseudo-differential operator, as a result of which they turn out to have a larger symmetry group. The enhanced symmetry of the $p$-adic wavelets is demonstrated.
description: 1+14 pages, 1 figure (v2: infinite dimensional enhancement suggested, title modified, affiliation added, other minor changes)
Tuning fulleride electronic structure and molecular ordering via variable layer index
Creators: name: Wang, Yayu
name: Yamachika, Ryan
name: Wachowiak, Andre
name: Grobis, Michael
name: Crommie, Michael F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: C60 fullerides are uniquely flexible molecular materials that exhibit a rich variety of behavior, including superconductivity and magnetism in bulk compounds, novel electronic and orientational phases in thin films, and quantum transport in a single-C60 transistor. The complexity of fulleride properties stems from the existence of many competing interactions, such as electron-electron correlations, electron-vibration coupling, and intermolecular hopping. The exact role of each interaction is controversial due to the difficulty of experimentally isolating the effects of a single interaction in the intricate fulleride materials. Here we report a unique level of control of the material properties of KxC60 ultra-thin films through well-controlled atomic layer indexing and accurate doping concentrations. Using STM techniques, we observe a series of electronic and structural phase transitions as the fullerides evolve from two-dimensional monolayers to quasi-threedimensional multilayers in the early stages of layer-by-layer growth. These results demonstrate the systematic evolution of fulleride electronic structure and molecular ordering with variable KxC60 film layer index, and shed new light on creating novel molecular structures and devices.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Nature Materials
Accounting for both electron--lattice and electron--electron coupling in conjugated polymers: minimum total energy calculations on the Hubbard--Peierls hamiltonian
Creators: name: Rossi, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Minimum total energy calculations, which account for both electron--lattice and electron--electron interactions in conjugated polymers are performed for chains with up to eight carbon atoms. These calculations are motivated in part by recent experimental results on the spectroscopy of polyenes and conjugated polymers and shed light on the longstanding question of the relative importance of electron--lattice vs. electron--electron interactions in determining the properties of these systems.
description: 6 pages, Plain TeX, FRL-PSD-93GR2
Renormalisation of quark bilinears with Nf=2 Wilson fermions and tree-level improved gauge action
Creators: name: Dimopoulos, P.
name: Frezzotti, R.
name: Herdoiza, G.
name: Lubicz, V.
name: Papinutto, M.
name: Simula, S.
name: Vladikas, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the renormalisation constants of bilinear quark operators, using the Nf=2 twisted mass Wilson action at maximal twist (which guarantees automatic O(a) improvement) and the tree-level Symanzik improved gauge action. The scale-independent renormalisation constants are computed with a new method, which makes use of both standard twisted mass and Osterwalder-Seiler fermions. Moreover, the results from an RI-MOM calculation are presented for both scale independent and scale dependent renormalisation constants.
description: 7 pages, talk at The XXV International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 30 - August 4 2007, Regensburg
Retail Market Mechanism in Support of Differentiated Reliable Electricity Services
Creators: name: Siripha  Junlakarn
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: In this thesis, a retail market mechanism that provides differentiated reliability services is proposed. The differentiated reliability services beyond the standard level utilize advanced metering infrastructure, automated distribution reconfiguration and distributed generation (DG). The service quality at the standard level is regulated, while high reliability services are offered through a market mechanism. This proposed market mechanism is designed in two different models of managing the distribution networks. The first model assumes that an independent distribution system operator (DSO) as an administrative firm provides operational support for delivery and reliability services in a retail market, while the second model does not have a DSO. Main reliability market participants are distribution utilities, retail electricity providers (REPs), non-utility-owned DG units, and end users. The REPs, as end users’ representatives and aggregators, purchase delivery service with high reliability level and backup power from the utilities and DG units, respectively. The prices for these services are based on bidding by all market participants. Bids are created by each market participant optimizing its objective with respect to its own interests; therefore, the market participant can assess the investment costs and manage its own risk in setting the service charge. Notably, the proposed market mechanism, which is based on knowing customers’ willingness to pay, and preferences for reliability, aims to give long-term investment signals to service providers for planning investments in new technologies at value. In addition, the provision of high reliability services can be considered a means that enables the service providers to improve system resilience. The modified IEEE Roy Billinton Test System Bus 2 is simulated to demonstrate proof-of-concept for the proposed retail market by showing the iii process of settling the service prices and utilities’ expected compensation design. By comparing the settled service prices between the two market models, we show that the service prices are quite similar, but the number of end users obtaining backup power is different.
Reiseassoziierte Krankheiten 2018
Creators: name: Falkenhorst, Gerhard
name: Enkelmann, Julia
name: Lachmann, Raskit
name: Faber, Mirko
name: Pörtner, Kirsten
name: Frank, Christina
name: Stark, Klaus
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Reise
subject: Malaria
subject: Brucellose
subject: Shigellose
subject: Typhus
subject: Paratyphus
subject: Dengue
subject: Chikungunya
subject: Zika
subject: Giardiasis
subject: Giardien
subject: Hepatitis A
subject: Leishmaniose
subject: VHF
subject: Gelbfieber
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Im Epidemiologischen Bulletin 48/2019 ist eine detaillierte Auswertung der Meldedaten nach Infektionsschutzgesetz (IfSG) zu reiseassoziierten Krankheiten erschienen, die dem Robert Koch-Institut für das Jahr 2018 übermittelt worden waren (mit Datenstand 1. März 2019). Ergänzend wurden, soweit verfügbar, auch Angaben aus anderen Erfassungssytemen berücksichtigt. Der Bericht behandelt über ein Dutzend Infektionskrankheiten, von A wie „Andere Arbovirosen“ und B wie Brucellose bis Z wie Zikavirus-Erkrankung. Durch die Meldepflicht werden nur Erkrankungen erfasst, die in Deutschland diagnostiziert werden. Entsprechend werden Infektionen, die von Reisenden im Ausland erworben und dort noch vor der Rückkehr erfolgreich behandelt werden, in der Regel nicht berücksichtigt. Dies betrifft in erster Linie Erkrankungen mit kurzer Inkubationszeit. Im Jahr 2018 wurden keine Fälle von Cholera, Ebolafieber, Fleckfieber, Krim-Kongo-Fieber, Lassafieber, Läuserückfallfieber, Lepra, Pest, Poliomyelitis, Rifttalfieber, Trichinellose oder Tollwut übermittelt.
حجية الأدلة الرقمية في النظام القضائي الإسلامي/ İslâm Yargılama Hukukunda Dijital Delillerin Değeri/ Authentic digital evidence in the Islamic judicial system
Creators: name: ALJASEM, Baha Eddin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220403 Islamic Studies
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: The massive development and spread of communication and information technologies have provided abundant materials for digital data and information that can be used as evidence in judicial substantiation. However, this type of evidence has been overlooked in the jurisprudential research field due to its novelty and special digital nature. Therefore, this research aims to demonstrate the authenticity of this digital evidence in the Islamic judicial system. It addresses the credibility of relying on it in building the judicial verdict, and the debate around the right to privacy and the legality of accessing it. I do this by defining it, detailing its types and characteristics and the degree of credibility in it. I also state the nature of the Islamic judicial system and the extent of its acceptance of such evidence. I then move to outlining the jurisprudential adaptation of this evidence, the conditions for working with it, its evidentiary power, the judge’s authority to accept or reject it and the legality of obtaining it without violating the right to personal privacy. Finally, the research discusses the authority to prove and pass the verdict made outside the Judicial Council.
The Boundary Cosmological Constant in Stable 2D Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Johnson, Clifford V.
name: Morris, Tim R.
name: White, Peter L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study further the rôle of the boundary operator $Ø_B$ for macroscopic loop length in the stable definition of 2D quantum gravity provided by the $[{\tilde P},Q]=Q$ formulation. The KdV flows are supplemented by an additional flow with respect to the boundary cosmological constant $σ$. We numerically study these flows for the $m=1$, $2$ and $3$ models, solving for the string susceptibility in the presence of $Ø_B$ for arbitrary coupling $σ$. The spectrum of the Hamiltonian of the loop quantum mechanics is continuous and bounded from below by $σ$. For large positive $σ$, the theory is dominated by the `universal' $m=0$ topological phase present only in the $[{\tilde P},Q]=Q$ formulation. For large negative $σ$, the non--perturbative physics approaches that of the $[P,Q]=1$ definition, although there is no path to the unstable solutions of the $[P,Q]=1$ $m$-even models.
description: (Plain Tex, 11pp, 4 figures available on request) SHEP 91/92-21
Single- and two-nucleon momentum distributions for local chiral interactions
Creators: name: Lonardoni, D.
name: Gandolfi, S.
name: Wang, X. B.
name: Carlson, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present quantum Monte Carlo calculations of the single- and two-nucleon momentum distributions in selected nuclei for $A\le16$. We employ local chiral interactions at next-to-next-to-leading order. We find good agreement at low momentum with the single-nucleon momentum distributions derived for phenomenological potentials. The same agreement is found for the integrated two-nucleon momentum distributions at low relative momentum $q$ and low center-of-mass momentum $Q$. We provide results for the two-nucleon momentum distributions as a function of both $q$ and $Q$. The large ratio of $pn$ to $pp$ pairs around $q=2\,\rm fm^{-1}$ for back-to-back $(Q=0)$ pairs is confirmed up to $^{16}$O, and results are compatible with those extracted from available experimental data.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures
Simulations of deposition growth models in various dimensions. Are overhangs important?
Creators: name: Ko, David Y. K.
name: Seno, Flavio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simulation results of deposition growth of surfaces in 2, 3 and 4 dimensions for ballistic deposition where overhangs are present, and for restricted solid on solid deposition where there are no overhangs. The values of the scaling exponents for the two models are found to be different, suggesting that they belong to different universality classes.
description: figures available from authors
Hyperaccretion Disks around Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Zhang, Dong
name: Dai, Z. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We here study the structure of a hyperaccretion disk around a neutron star. We consider a steady-state hyperaccretion disk around a neutron star, and as a reasonable approximation, divide the disk into two regions, which are called inner and outer disks. The outer disk is similar to that of a black hole and the inner disk has a self-similar structure. In order to study physical properties of the entire disk clearly, we first adopt a simple model, in which some microphysical processes in the disk are simplified, following Popham et al. and Narayan et al. Based on these simplifications, we analytically and numerically investigate the size of the inner disk, the efficiency of neutrino cooling, and the radial distributions of the disk density, temperature and pressure. We see that, compared with the black-hole disk, the neutron star disk can cool more efficiently and produce a much higher neutrino luminosity. Finally, we consider an elaborate model with more physical considerations about the thermodynamics and microphysics in the neutron star disk (as recently developed in studying the neutrino-cooled disk of a black hole), and compare this elaborate model with our simple model. We find that most of the results from these two models are basically consistent with each other.
description: 44 pages, 10 figures, improved version following the referees' comments, main conclusions unchanged, accepted for publication in ApJ
Dscam1 in pancrustacean immunity: Current status and a look to the future
Creators: name: Armitage, Sophie A. O.
name: Kurtz, Joachim
name: Brites, Daniela
name: Dong, Yuemei
name: Pasquier, Louis Du
name: Wang, Han-Ching
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: alternative splicing
subject: crustaceans
subject: isoform diversity
subject: immunoglobulin domain
subject: innate immunity
subject: insects
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: The Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule 1 (Dscam1) gene is an extraordinary example of diversity: by combining alternatively spliced exons, thousands of isoforms can be produced from just one gene. So far, such diversity in this gene has only been found in insects and crustaceans, and its essential part in neural wiring has been well-characterized for Drosophila melanogaster. Ten years ago evidence from D. melanogaster showed that the Dscam1 gene is involved in insect immune defense and work on Anopheles gambiae indicated that it is a hypervariable immune receptor. These exciting findings showed that via processes of somatic diversification insects have the possibility to produce unexpected immune molecule diversity, and it was hypothesized that Dscam1 could provide the mechanistic underpinnings of specific immune responses. Since these first publications the quest to understand the function of this gene has uncovered fascinating insights from insects and crustaceans. However, we are still far from a complete understanding of how Dscam1 functions in relation to parasites and pathogens and its full relevance for the immune system. In this Hypothesis and Theory article, we first briefly introduce Dscam1 and what we know so far about how it might function in immunity. By focusing on seven questions, we then share our sometimes contrasting thoughts on what the evidence tells us so far, what essential experiments remain to be done, and the future prospects, with the aim to provide a multiangled view on what this fascinating gene has to do with immune defense.
String cosmology and dilaton
Creators: name: Tseytlin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss some aspects of string cosmology with an emphasis on the role played by the dilaton. A cosmological scenario based on the assumption that all spatial dimensions are periodic so that winding modes play an important role is reviewed. A possibility of a transition from a `string phase' to the `standard' cosmology via a radiation dominated era and inflation is analysed. We also summarise some recent results about time dependent solutions of tree level string equations.
description: 30 pages, DAMTP-92-36, harvmac
title: Memorale del dottor don Luigi Belluga vescovo di Cartagena al Re Filippo Quinto
Creators: name: Belluga, Luigi
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: Bibliothèque patrimoniale Villon (Rouen), fonds Liber, Mt m 1069
High-statistics measurement of the eta->3pi^0 decay at the Mainz Microtron
Creators: name: Prakhov, S.
name: Abt, S.
name: Achenbach, P.
name: Adlarson, P.
name: Afzal, F.
name: Aguar-Bartolomé, P.
name: Ahmed, Z.
name: Ahrens, J.
name: Annand, J. R. M.
name: Arends, H. J.
name: Bantawa, K.
name: Bashkanov, M.
name: Beck, R.
name: Biroth, M.
name: Borisov, N. S.
name: Braghieri, A.
name: Briscoe, W. J.
name: Cherepnya, S.
name: Cividini, F.
name: Collicott, C.
name: Costanza, S.
name: Denig, A.
name: Dieterle, M.
name: Downie, E. J.
name: Drexler, P.
name: Bondy, M. I. Ferretti
name: Fil'kov, L. V.
name: Fix, A.
name: Gardner, S.
name: Garni, S.
name: Glazier, D. I.
name: Gorodnov, I.
name: Gradl, W.
name: Gurevich, G. M.
name: Hamill, C. B.
name: Heijkenskjöld, L.
name: Hornidge, D.
name: Huber, G. M.
name: Käser, A.
name: Kashevarov, V. L.
name: Kay, S.
name: Keshelashvili, I.
name: Kondratiev, R.
name: Korolija, M.
name: Krusche, B.
name: Lazarev, A.
name: Lisin, V.
name: Livingston, K.
name: Lutterer, S.
name: MacGregor, I. J. D.
name: Manley, D. M.
name: Martel, P. P.
name: McGeorge, J. C.
name: Middleton, D. G.
name: Miskimen, R.
name: Mornacchi, E.
name: Mushkarenkov, A.
name: Neganov, A.
name: Neiser, A.
name: Oberle, M.
name: Ostrick, M.
name: Otte, P. B.
name: Paudyal, D.
name: Pedroni, P.
name: Polonski, A.
name: Ron, G.
name: Rostomyan, T.
name: Sfienti, C.
name: Sokhoyan, V.
name: Spieker, K.
name: Steffen, O.
name: Strakovsky, I. I.
name: Strandberg, B.
name: Strub, Th.
name: Supek, I.
name: Thiel, A.
name: Thiel, M.
name: Thomas, A.
name: Unverzagt, M.
name: Usov, Yu. A.
name: Wagner, S.
name: Walford, N. K.
name: Watts, D. P.
name: Werthmüller, D.
name: Wettig, J.
name: Witthauer, L.
name: Wolfes, M.
name: Zana, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The largest, at the moment, statistics of 7x10^6 eta->3pi^0 decays, based on 6.2x10^7 eta mesons produced in the gamma p -> eta p reaction, has been accumulated by the A2 Collaboration at the Mainz Microtron, MAMI. It allowed a detailed study of the eta->3pi^0 dynamics beyond its conventional parametrization with just the quadratic slope parameter alpha and enabled, for the first time, a measurement of the second-order term and a better understanding of the cusp structure in the neutral decay. The present data are also compared to recent theoretical calculations that predict a nonlinear dependence along the quadratic distance from the Dalitz-plot center.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
A Three Dimensional Kasteleyn Transition: Spin Ice in a [100] Field
Creators: name: Jaubert, Ludovic D. C.
name: Chalker, J. T.
name: Holdsworth, Peter C. W.
name: Moessner, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the statistical mechanics of spin-ice materials with a [100] magnetic field. We show that the approach to saturated magnetisation is, in the low-temperature limit, an example of a 3D Kasteleyn transition, which is topological in the sense that magnetisation is changed only by excitations that span the entire system. We study the transition analytically and using a Monte Carlo cluster algorithm, and compare our results with recent data from experiments on Dy2Ti2O7.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Stability is essential for insecticidal activity of Vip3Aa toxin against Spodoptera exigua
Creators: name: Fu, Bai-Wen
name: Xu, Lian
name: Zheng, Mei-Xia
name: Chen, Qing-Xi
name: Shi, Yan
name: Zhu, Yu-Jing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primer sequences used for the generation of Vip3Aa mutants. Table S2. DNA sequences of Vip3Aa and Vip3Ad. Figure S1. The insecticidal activities of Vip3Aa and Vip3Ad against first-instar larvae of S. exigua. Figure S2. N-terminal sequencing identified cleavage-sites of Vip3Ad processed by Spodoptera exigua midgut juice. (A) Spectrum of 19 PTH-amino acids standards; (B)-(F) N-terminal amino acid identification of Vip3Aa activated-toxin. Figure S3. Amino acid sequence alignment of Vip3Aa and Vip3Ad. The sequences in blue box represented the 65 kDa activated-toxins of Vip3Aa and Vip3Ad. The positions of three extra prolines (P591, P605 and P779) was indicated as (●).
Vector particle scattering on the lattice
Creators: name: Romero-López, Fernando
name: Rusetsky, Akaki
name: Urbach, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present an explicit form of the Luescher equation and consider the construction of the operators in different irreducible representations for the case of scattering of two vector particles. The formalism is applied to scalar QED in the Higgs Phase, where the $U(1)$ gauge boson acquires mass.
description: Update to match published version
Results in Ramsey Theory and Probabilistic Combinatorics
Creators: name: Lavrov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This thesis addresses several questions in Ramsey theory and in probabilistic combinatorics. We begin by considering several questions related to the Hales–Jewett Theorem, a central result in the study of Ramsey theory. We use bounds due to Shelah [46] to attack a geometric Ramsey problem due to Graham and Rothschild [28], improving on the the previous bound known as Graham’s number (which at one point held the Guinness world record for the largest number used in a mathematical proof). Extending ideas developed in studying that question, we obtain a bound of less than1011 on the Hales–Jewett number HJ(4; 2). Next, we consider problems in random graphs, and especially the use of random structures in solving extremal problems. We begin by a classical random graph result, analyzing an invariant called the game chromatic number for the random 3-regular graph Gn,3. Then, we extend the increasing paths problem posed by Graham and Kleitman [27] to the random setting. Finally, we consider a purely graphtheoretic problem, that of distance-uniform graphs, introduced by Alon et al. in [2]. Here, we prove a marked difference between the behavior of random graphs which are distance-uniform, and worst-case behavior of distance-uniform graphs, constructing a family of distance-uniform graphs which are separated by an exponential gap from the random example.
Performance globale : de l'évaluation financière à une approche intégrative
Creators: name: TOUICHER Ouardia
name: EL IDRISSI RIOUI Samia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Le concept de performance a connu une transformation profonde au fil des décennies, devenant un sujet majeur dans les sciences économiques et de gestion. Initialement centré sur les résultats financiers et la rentabilité, ce concept s’est progressivement élargi pour intégrer des dimensions plus complexes et interdépendantes, telles que la performance sociale, environnementale et organisationnelle. Cette évolution reflète les attentes croissantes des parties prenantes, qui exigent désormais des organisations qu'elles adoptent une approche plus holistique et durable.

Cet article propose une analyse approfondie des différentes approches de la performance organisationnelle, en mettant l'accent sur la nécessité d'une évaluation intégrative qui dépasse les indicateurs financiers traditionnels. Il examine comment des critères non financiers, tels que l'impact sociétal, l'efficacité environnementale, et la qualité de la gouvernance interne, peuvent être intégrés dans une évaluation plus complète et nuancée de la performance. En articulant ces dimensions multiples, l’étude vise à offrir un cadre d'analyse qui réponde aux défis actuels des organisations, tout en s'alignant sur les impératifs de durabilité et de responsabilité sociale. Cette approche intégrative permet non seulement d'améliorer la pertinence et la robustesse des évaluations de performance, mais aussi de mieux répondre aux dynamiques économiques et sociopolitiques contemporaines. Elle ouvre ainsi la voie à des stratégies de gestion plus inclusives et à une prise de décision éclairée, tenant compte à la fois des objectifs financiers et des exigences éthiques et sociales des parties prenantes.
First-Principles Semiclassical Initial Value Representation Molecular Dynamics
Creators: name: Ceotto, Michele
name: Atahan, Sule
name: Shim, Sangwoo
name: Tantardini, Gianfranco
name: Aspuru-Guzik, Alán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method for carrying out semiclassical initial value representation calculations using first-principles molecular dynamics (FP-SC-IVR) is presented. This method can extract the full vibrational power spectrum of carbon dioxide from a single trajectory providing numerical results that agree with experiment even for Fermi resonant states. The computational demands of the method are comparable to those of classical single-trajectory calculations, while describing uniquely quantum features such as the zero-point energy and Fermi resonances. By propagating the nuclear degrees of freedom using first-principles Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics, the stability of the method presented is improved considerably when compared to dynamics carried out using fitted potential energy surfaces and numerical derivatives.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, made stylistic and clarity changes
Sheep as forest managers (PA) - Lampaat metsänhoitajina
Creators: name: Den Herder
name: M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: silvopastoralism
stocking rate
spruce
deciduous species
understory clearing
agrometsätalous
eläintiheys
kuusi
lehtipuut
metsälaidun
metsänhoito

description: Lampaita käytetään usein maisemalaiduntamisessa mutta ne voivat toimia myös metsätalouden palveluksessa. Hoitometsää harvennetaan 10-20 vuoden kuluttua taimikon istuttamisesta. Näistä harvennushakkuista ei yleensä saa voittoa, mutta toimet parantavat metsän kasvua. Varhaisia harvennushakkuita ei aina tehdä koska ne tulevat kalliiksi omistajalle ja sijoitus maksaa itsensä takaisin vasta pitkän ajan kuluttua. Laiduntavat lampaat voivat säästää metsänhoitokuluissa kuusi-, mänty-ja sekametsissä. Lampaat ovat luonnostaan metsänhoitajia, koska ne syövät mielellään pajua, pihlajaa, haapaa ja leppää. Nämä puulajit ovat niitä, joita harvennushakkuissa yleensä kaadetaan. Koska lampaat valikoivat ruokansa tarkasti, ne jättävät yleensä kaupallisesti arvokkaammat puulajit kuten männyn ja kuusen rauhaan. Oikea eläintiheys vaihtelee laiduntyyppien mukaan 0,2–4 uuheen hehtaarilla. Jos eläintiheys on liian suuri, lampaat saattavat alkaa maistella mäntyä ja koivua, mutta sopivalla tiheydellä ja kun saatavilla on tarpeeksi muita lehtipuita ja ruohoa, ne jättävät männyn ja kuusen rauhaan. Tämä on kuitenkin laidunkohtaista, ja metsälaidunnuksessa pitääkin olla tarkkana, etteivät lampaat syö kaikkia taimia vaan että metsä saa uudistua myös luontaisesti.Metsälaiduntamisen etuja ovat myös, että lampaat pääsevät varjoon kuumina päivinä ja useimmiten ne eivät tarvitse muuta ruokaa. Jopa erityisen kuumana ja kuivanakesänä 2018 Otto Makkonen Savonrannasta totesi etteivät lampaat tarvinneet lisäruokintaa. Tämä osoittaa metsälaiduntamisen hyödyn –agrometsätalous parantaa metsien resilienssiä ilmastolle. - The 'Practice Abstract' explains the feasibility and convenience of using sheep in commercial forest stands.
Predictability of Self-Organizing Systems
Creators: name: Pepke, S. L.
name: Carlson, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the predictability of large events in self-organizing systems. We focus on a set of models which have been studied as analogs of earthquake faults and fault systems, and apply methods based on techniques which are of current interest in seismology. In all cases we find detectable correlations between precursory smaller events and the large events we aim to forecast. We compare predictions based on different patterns of precursory events and find that for all of the models a new precursor based on the spatial distribution of activity outperforms more traditional measures based on temporal variations in the local activity.
description: 15 pages, plain.tex with special macros included, 4 figures
Results in Extremal Graph and Hypergraph Theory
Creators: name: Zelealem Belaineh Yilma
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In graph theory, as in many fields of mathematics, one is often interested in finding the maxima or minima of certain functions and identifying the points of optimality. We consider a variety of functions on graphs and hypegraphs and determine the structures that optimize them. A central problem in extremal (hyper)graph theory is that of finding the maximum number of edges in a (hyper)graph that does not contain a specified forbidden substructure. Given an integer n, we consider hypergraphs on n vertices that do not contain a strong simplex, a structure closely related to and containing a simplex. We determine that, for n sufficiently large, the number of edges is maximized by a star. We denote by F(G, r, k) the number of edge r-colorings of a graph G that do not contain a monochromatic clique of size k. Given an integer n, we consider the problem of maximizing this function over all graphs on n vertices. We determine that, for large n, the optimal structures are (k − 1)2-partite Turán graphs when r = 4 and k ∈ {3, 4} are fixed. We call a graph F color-critical if it contains an edge whose deletion reduces the chromatic number of F and denote by F(H) the number of copies of the specified color-critical graph F that a graph H contains. Given integers n and m, we consider the minimum of F(H) over all graphs H on n vertices and m edges. The Turán number of F, denoted ex(n, F), is the largest m for which the minimum of F(H) is zero. We determine that the optimal structures are supergraphs of Tur´an graphs when n is large and ex(n, F) ≤ m ≤ ex(n, F)+cn for some c > 0.
Black holes by gravitational decoupling
Creators: name: Ovalle, J
name: Casadio, R
name: da Rocha, R
name: Sotomayor, A
name: Stuchlik, Z
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how a spherically symmetric fluid modifies the Schwarzschild vacuum solution when there is no exchange of energy-momentum between the fluid and the central source of the Schwarzschild metric. This system is described by means of the gravitational decoupling realised via the minimal geometric deformation approach, which allows us to prove that the fluid must be anisotropic. Several cases are then explicitly shown
description: New section with a regular hairy black hole solution; references added
QCD symmetries in excited hadrons
Creators: name: Glozman, L. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developments for chiral and $U(1)_A$ restorations in excited hadrons are reviewed. We emphasize predictions of the chiral symmetry restoration scenario for axial charges and couplings to Goldstone bosons. Using very general chiral symmetry arguments it is shown that strict chiral restoration in a given excited nucleon forbids its decay into the $N π$ channel. We confront this prediction with the $N^*Nπ$ coupling constants extracted from the decay widths and observe a 100 % correlation of these data with the spectroscopic parity doublet patterns. These results suggest that the lowest approximate chiral parity doublet is the $N(1440) - N(1535)$ pair. In the meson sector we discuss predictions of the chiral symmetry restoration for still missing states and a signature of the higher symmetry observed in new $\bar p p$ data. We conclude with the exactly solvable chirally symmetric and confining model that can be considered as a generalization of the 1+1 dimensional 't Hooft model to 4 dimensions. Complete spectra of $\bar q q$ mesons demonstrate a fast chiral restoration with increasing $J$ and a slow one with increasing $n$.
description: 10 pp, Invited talk at MENU 2007, September 10 - 14, 2007, Juelich, Germany
Reflexões iniciais sobre a importância do ensino da diversidade cultural e religiosa nas escolas
Creators: name: Da fonseca, Paulo roberto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220402 Comparative Religious Studies
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: This work seeks to present the changes that have occurred in the practice of the religious teaching classroom, with a reflection on how we got here in Brazil and the needs for further changes.
Self-diffusion in binary blends of cyclic and linear polymers
Creators: name: Shanbhag, Sachin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A lattice model is used to estimate the self-diffusivity of entangled cyclic and linear polymers in blends of varying compositions. To interpret simulation results, we suggest a minimal model based on the physical idea that constraints imposed on a cyclic polymer by infiltrating linear chains have to be released, before it can diffuse beyond a radius of gyration. Both, the simulation, and recently reported experimental data on entangled DNA solutions support the simple model over a wide range of blend compositions, concentrations, and molecular weights.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Resource Allocation in Smart Infrastructure: Case Studies in Video Delivery and Electric Power Networks
Creators: name: Xiaoqi  Yin
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Resource allocation schemes play an important role in large-scale smart infrastructures to ensure efficiency and fairness among users. However, designing good resource allocation schemes is challenging due to technical limitation, policy barriers, and cost of change. The goal of this thesis is to develop a methodology to design model-based, principled and practical resource allocation schemes. Given the diverse characteristics of infrastructures, it is difficult to design unified models and algorithms. Instead, we employ a case-study-based approach on two representative smart infrastructures: Internet video delivery and electric power networks. We further generalize the insights and develop a principled qualitative guideline to design resource allocation schemes in smart infrastructures. The Internet video delivery system employs a protocol-based resource allocation scheme: network bandwidth is implicitly allocated by transport layer protocol (TCP) while client- side video players adapt video quality based on application layer protocol (MPEG-DASH) to optimize users quality of experience (QoE).We study 1) how client-side video players improve users QoE by employing Model Predictive Control-based bitrate adaptation algorithms and 2) how to achieve multiplayer QoE fairness by router-side bandwidth allocation policies. We prototype and evaluate the algorithms in real video players. On the other hand, market-based schemes are adopted in real-time economic dispatch in electric power systems to satisfy demand by lowest-cost generation. However, such schemes can lead to power imbalances and market inefficiency when slow generators fail to follow system operators command. We study 1) how system operators can mitigate power imbalance by employing a centralized, two-stage robust dispatch and 2) how the market design can be improved by penalizing non-complying generators. Based on the lessons from the case studies, we develop a general methodology to design resource allocation schemes: First, develop a formal model capturing system objectives, dynamics, and constraints; Second, identify key practical constraints that have major impact on the choice of schemes; Finally, design model-based schemes that respect practical constraints for short-term and obtain insights to inform protocol or market improvement in the long run. We envision that a mathematical theory can significantly improve the future resource allocation ecosystems.
Fermionic Entanglement in Superconducting Systems
Creators: name: Di Tullio, M.
name: Gigena, N.
name: Rossignoli, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine distinct measures of fermionic entanglement in the exact ground state of a finite superconducting system. It is first shown that global measures such as the one-body entanglement entropy, which represents the minimum relative entropy between the exact ground state and the set of fermionic gaussian states, exhibit a close correlation with the BCS gap, saturating in the strong superconducting regime. The same behavior is displayed by the bipartite entanglement between the set of all single particle states $k$ of positive quasimomenta and their time reversed partners $\bar{k}$. In contrast, the entanglement associated with the reduced density matrix of four single particle modes $k,\bar{k}$, $k',\bar{k}'$, which can be measured through a properly defined fermionic concurrence, exhibits a different behavior, showing a peak in the vicinity of the superconducting transition for states $k,k'$ close to the fermi level and becoming small in the strong coupling regime. In the latter such reduced state exhibits, instead, a finite mutual information and quantum discord. And while the first measures can be correctly estimated with the BCS approximation, the previous four-level concurrence lies strictly beyond the latter, requiring at least a particle number projected BCS treatment for its description. Formal properties of all previous entanglement measures are as well discussed.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, final version
MPEC 2024-E145 : 2022 EY2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Finite-Temperature Transition into a Power-Law Spin Phase with an Extensive Zero-Point Entropy
Creators: name: Chandra, P.
name: Coleman, P.
name: Ioffe, L. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an $xy$ generalization of the frustrated Ising model on a triangular lattice. The presence of continuous degrees of freedom stabilizes a {\em finite-temperature} spin state with {\em power-law} discrete spin correlations and an extensive zero-point entropy. In this phase, the unquenched degrees of freedom can be described by a fluctuating surface with logarithmic height correlations. Finite-size Monte Carlo simulations have been used to characterize the exponents of the transition and the dynamics of the low-temperature phase.