cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Designing for the Animal User: Smart Controls for Mobility Assistance Dogs
Creators: name: Ruge Castro, Luisa Fernanda
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023

description: This research explores the mismatch between mobility assistance dogs’ (MADs) current working environments, their characteristics and capabilities as users, and their resulting UX. This thesis presents the design of a set of smart controls for MAD use, including the development and application of a series of mixed-method approaches for the systematic analysis of MADs behaviour while interacting with technological devices. These approaches were used to define a set of MAD user requirements with which to evaluate their UX and inform the design of controls. The research consists of five phases during which the main research question “How can interfaces for MAD users be designed in a way that provides them with a good UX? was addressed. In the course of the research six empirical studies were conducted, to gather recorded observational data of MADs’ interactions with existing and prototyped controls – in two distinct settings. Data was also collected from the MADs’ handlers: from their trainers and their human partners. The research has generated a series of methodological, design, theoretical, and animal welfare contributions, which included: i. a tail wagging ethogram for the assessment of MADs’ affect-based interactions with technological devices; ii. a method for evaluating animal usability (MEAU); iii. an approach to measuring MADs’ levels of confidence while interacting with technological devices; iv. an Ethical Toolkit for ACI Research to prompt ACI practitioners to articulate their ethical research related values; v. an animal-centred design framework (ACDF) in which a user-centred approach to design technology for animal users is proposed; and vi. a set of smart controls whose use was confirmed to improving MADs’ UX.
Drosophila ananassae Doleschall 1859
Creators: name: Mcevey, Shane F.
name: Polak, Michal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Drosophila
Drosophila ananassae

description: Drosophila ananassae Doleschall, 1859:128
 Drosophila ananassae is the most abundant and most frequently collected species in the South Pacific, including on all the Cook Islands surveyed in this study (Table 3) and others (e.g., Pukapuka, no abundance data). It can be collected at fruit baits in the thousands. It is also easily cultured in laboratories and samples from different populations have, since the 1960s, been the subject of numerous genetic, cytological and behavioural studies; see historical overview in McEvey & Schiffer (2015). Many of the male specimens of the ananassae species complex collected during the present survey from the Cook Islands, were dissected, and found to have terminalia corresponding either to Drosophila ananassae (sensu McEvey & Schiffer, 2015) or to a different, hitherto unknown species, described below.
description: Published as part of Mcevey, Shane F. & Polak, Michal, 2021, Drosophilidae (Diptera) of the Cook Islands, pp. 153-170 in Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 73 (5) on page 161, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.73.2021.1770, http://zenodo.org/record/7177968
On collisions of Brownian particles
Creators: name: Ichiba, Tomoyuki
name: Karatzas, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We examine the behavior of $n$ Brownian particles diffusing on the real line with bounded, measurable drift and bounded, piecewise continuous diffusion coefficients that depend on the current configuration of particles. Sufficient conditions are established for the absence and for the presence of triple collisions among the particles. As an application to the Atlas model for equity markets, we study a special construction of such systems of diffusing particles using Brownian motions with reflection on polyhedral domains.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AAP641 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Accretion environments of active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Inoue, Hajime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study accretion environments of active galactic nuclei when a super-massive black hole wanders in a circum-nuclear region and passes through an interstellar medium there. It is expected that a Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton type accretion of the interstellar matter takes place and an accretion stream of matter trapped by the black hole gravitational field appears from a tail shock region. Since the trapped matter is likely to have a certain amount of specific angular momentum, the accretion stream eventually forms an accretion ring around the black hole. According to the recent study, the accretion ring consists of a thick envelope and a thin core, and angular momenta are transfered from the inner side facing to the black hole to the opposite side respectively in the envelope and the core. As a result, a thick accretion flow and a thick excretion flow extend from the envelope, and a thin accretion disk and a thin excretion disk do from the core. The thin excretion disk is predicted to terminate at some distance forming an excretion ring, while the thick excretion flow is considered to become a super-sonic wind flowing to the infinity. The thick excretion flow from the accretion ring is expected to interact with the accretion stream toward the accretion ring and to be collimated to bi-polar cones. These pictures provide a likely guide line to interpret the overall accretion environments suggested from observations.
title: Seeing Shakespeare Live: A Study of Secondary School Students' Responses to a Production at Shakespeare's Globe
Creators: name: Baldwin, Catherine Anne
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis explores secondary school students’ responses to Playing Shakespeare with Deutsche Bank (PSwDB), an education programme at Shakespeare’s Globe designed to support the compulsory study of Shakespeare’s plays by 11 to 16-year olds in England. Schools are offered free tickets to a contemporary production of a Shakespeare play performed live at Shakespeare’s Globe, with workshops for teachers and students and a dedicated website also available to support the in-school study of Shakespeare. This research focuses on the 2018 PSwDB production of Much Ado About Nothing.

 Very little research has explored Shakespeare in the classroom and at the theatre from the perspective of young people. Taking a sociocultural approach to learning, this study foregrounds the students’ voices through data generated by qualitative surveys and group interviews in four secondary schools in London which took their whole cohort of Year 9 students to the theatre; consequently it reports the views of approximately 800 young people. Observations of the students during performances and workshops, and interviews with theatre professionals and teachers, offer additional context for the students’ comments.

 The findings show that before their theatre visit students express a wide range of attitudes towards Shakespeare in spite of sharing very similar experiences of studying Shakespeare in school. They also have pre-conceived ideas of what “Shakespeare” is and how the plays should be performed, and depend on their teachers for explanations of language and plot. The contemporary PSwDB production challenges students’ expectations for Shakespeare in performance, and their reflections on their theatre visit show that their experience at Shakespeare’s Globe promotes social and cultural development as well as supporting their school learning.

 The free ticket offer means that PSwDB encourages inclusivity; the findings strongly suggest that free theatre provides an important and rare social, cultural and educational experience in many students’ lives.
title: An Evaluation of a Mindfulness Programme in a Primary School
Creators: name: Calcutt, Jane
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2021

description: This study seeks to evaluate mindfulness in a primary school through investigating pupil and adult opinions of a six-hour, whole class programme. Positioned as democratic evaluation, it was underpinned by a social justice framework using case study methods. Evaluation questions were formulated after a detailed review of the literature, the core question being ‛To what extent can the programme be deemed as successful, particularly taking into account the views of participants?′ I taught the programme to a Year 3 class with up to three teaching assistants as non-participant observers. Methods to establish observer perceptions included pre- and post-programme interviews moving to the construction and amendment of personal concept maps. As the mindfulness facilitator I kept a diary with personal views on each lesson and weekly responses from observers. Pupil perceptions were gathered through focus group discussions following each lesson. Audio recordings were transcribed and analysed thematically along with adult interviews, concept maps and diary extracts. Findings were validated through discussion with participants. Themes arising indicated that lessons were both enjoyable and accessible, to a considerable extent, for all pupils and the programme received a high degree of confirmation. Deeper concepts were illuminated such as the fusion of mindfulness and social-emotional learning to enhance learning. The impact of facilitator beliefs was also explored in relation to promoting social justice principles. Findings are discussed relative to roles for mindfulness teaching and practice within primary schools. Adaptations are proposed, for both school and the Paws b programme, to increase effectiveness and principled application within and beyond the classroom. Future directions for research are then outlined to include, for instance, the development of qualitative investigations of mindfulness within primary school and greater opportunities for participant evaluations in new programme development.
Overview of phase-field models for fatigue fracture in a unified framework
Creators: name: Kalina, Martha
name: Schneider, Tom
name: Brummund, Jörg
name: Kästner, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last ten years, the phase-field method has gained much attention as a novel method to simulate fracture due to its straightforward way allowing to cover crack initiation and propagation without additional conditions. More recently, it has also been applied to fatigue fracture due to cyclic loading. This publication gives an overview of the main phase-field fatigue models published to date. We present all models in a unified variational framework for best comparability. Subsequently, the models are compared regarding their most important features. It becomes apparent that they can be classified in mainly two categories according to the way fatigue is implemented in the model - that is as a gradual degradation of the fracture toughness or with an additional term in the crack driving force. We aim to provide a helpful guide for choosing the appropriate model for different applications and for developing existing models further.
Self-consistent ring model in protoplanetary disks: temperature dips and substructure formation
Creators: name: Zhang, Shangjia
name: Hu, Xiao
name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
name: Bae, Jaehan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rings and gaps are ubiquitous in protoplanetary disks. Larger dust grains will concentrate in gaseous rings more compactly due to stronger aerodynamic drag. However, the effects of dust concentration on the ring's thermal structure have not been explored. Using MCRT simulations, we self-consistently construct ring models by iterating the ring's thermal structure, hydrostatic equilibrium, and dust concentration. We set up rings with two dust populations having different settling and radial concentration due to their different sizes. We find two mechanisms that can lead to temperature dips around the ring. When the disk is optically thick, the temperature drops outside the ring, which is the shadowing effect found in previous works adopting a single-dust population in the disk. When the disk is optically thin, a second mechanism due to excess cooling of big grains is found. Big grains cool more efficiently, which leads to a moderate temperature dip within the ring where big dust resides. This dip is close to the center of the ring. Such temperature dip within the ring can lead to particle pile-up outside the ring and feedback to the dust distribution and thermal structure. We couple the MCRT calculations with a 1D dust evolution model and show that the ring evolves to a different shape and may even separate to several rings. Overall, dust concentration within rings has moderate effects on the disk's thermal structure, and self-consistent model is crucial not only for protoplanetary disk observations but also for planetesimal and planet formation studies.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, accepted by ApJ
title: Geological Processes on Mercury and the Mapping of the Derain (H-10) Quadrangle.
Creators: name: Malliband, Christopher Charles
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2021

description: I present the results from the first geological map of the Derain (H-10) quadrangle of Mercury and in-depth studies of features identified in the map. I used ArcGIS software to produce the geological map by integrating and analysing data from the MESSENGER (MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging) spacecraft. My results show that the Derain quadrangle has a similar geological history to other quadrangles investigated on Mercury. My mapping showed that two plains classifications are insufficient to represent the diversity of plains material within the Derain quadrangle. Intermediate plains remain enigmatic, but I conclude that at least some are likely to be thin coverings of lava, insufficient to hide underlying craters, that are younger than most smooth plains. My work to characterise plains units within the Derain quadrangle led to an investigation of previously unstudied small patches (<15,000 km²) of smooth plains, both within and outside the Derain quadrangle. Several of these are found abutting (ponded against) lobate scarps. Therefore, these smooth patches must post-date the onset of global contraction and so the end of widespread effusive volcanism. The mechanism of emplacement is not clear, but smooth patches are most likely formed by either late-stage volcanism or impact-related processes. In most cases, I argue for a volcanic origin. While investigating the Derain quadrangle, I identified a previously unknown mass-wasting process on Mercury: down-slope streaks that I refer to as ‘slope lineae’. I surveyed the Hokusai quadrangle for these features and show that slope lineae are found predominantly on equator-facing slopes. The preference for equator-facing slopes, common association with ‘hollows’, and the morphology of some examples may indicate that volatile loss contributes to their formation.
Aquaserv_D3.3_TADMPTemplates_02Apr2025
Creators: name: Tkacz, Andrzej
name: Cox, Cymon
name: Exter, Katrina
name: Goley, Joanna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Data management plans optimised for common transnational access project categories are described using templates within the OpenAIRE Argos on the Cloud framework.
Additional file 1 of Selenogenome and AMPK signal insight into the protective effect of dietary selenium on chronic heat stress-induced hepatic metabolic disorder in growing pigs
Creators: name: Liu, Yan
name: Tang, Jiayong
name: He, Ying
name: Jia, Gang
name: Liu, Guangmang
name: Tian, Gang
name: Chen, Xiaoling
name: Cai, Jingyi
name: Kang, Bo
name: Zhao, Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Primers used for the q-PCR of the target and reference genes.
Spherical orbit closures in simple projective spaces and their normalizations
Creators: name: Gandini, Jacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M17, 14L30

description: Let G be a simply connected semisimple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic 0 and let V be a rational simple G-module of finite dimension. If G/H \subset P(V) is a spherical orbit and if X is its closure, then we describe the orbits of X and those of its normalization. If moreover the wonderful completion of G/H is strict, then we give necessary and sufficient combinatorial conditions so that the normalization morphism is a homeomorphism. Such conditions are trivially fulfilled if G is simply laced or if H is a symmetric subgroup.
description: 24 pages, LaTeX. v4: Final version, to appear in Transformation Groups. Simplified some proofs and corrected minor mistakes, added references. v3: major changes due to a mistake in previous versions
History of sport in British Columbia to 1885: a chronicle of significant developments and events
Creators: name: Swain, Derek Anthony
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This paper traces the development of early sporting activities in the province of British Columbia. Contemporary newspapers were scanned to obtain a chronicle of the significant sporting developments and events during the period between the first Fraser River gold rush of 1858 and the completion of the transcontinental Canadian Pacific Railway in 1885. During this period, it is apparent that certain sports facilitated a rapid expansion of activities when the railway brought thousands of new settlers to the province in the closing years of the century. During the early years of settlement, the physical recreation activities of dances and balls, picnics and sports days, and other festivities provided the community with an opportunity to acquaint itself with new members and customs, while they relaxed in a common leisure persuit. The addition of an element of competition into such day to day activities as hunting, fire-fighting, and occupational trade appear to have lent excitement and enthusiasm to frontier existence. The almost universal enthusiasm for betting or wagering provided an element of anticipation to add further zeal to life. The following activities attained some degree of organization in the region during the 1860s: Billiards, Bowling, Boxing, Canoeing, Gymnastics, Handball, Sailing, Skating and Quoits. By the 1880s, Curling, Cycling, Lacrosse, Sailing, and Tennis had also become established. The major sports during the period were Baseball, Cricket, Football, Horse Racing, Rifle Shooting, Rowing, and Track and Field. Competition in all of these sports was initiated in the early 1860s. With the exception of Baseball, an American derivative of the English 'rounders' these sports were all actively promoted by the Royal Navy, stationed at Esquimalt. Significantly, the officers of the fleet served as models of upper class behaviour and had a marked influence on the emerging colonial society. As representatives of the gentry of England, these officers provided leadership in the sports and activities which were a part of their British heritage. Throughout the period, regular participation in sporting activities was restricted to the wealthy, leisured class. The participation of the majority of the population was limited by long hours of work, which were not significantly reduced until after the period. The completion of the transcontinental railway in 1885, marked a new era for British Columbia and for the history of sport in the province. The huge influx of settlers brought new technology and ideas and radically altered the population distribution within the province. Thus, as the turn of the century approached, many new sports groups were formed to meet the needs of the increased population.
Mitochondrial Genomics: structure, inheritance and
phylogenetic utility of the Mitochondrial genome in Bivalvia
and Insecta
Creators: name: Ricci, Andrea <1972>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: BIO/05 Zoologia

description: This PhD Thesis is the result of my research activity in the last three years. My main research
interest was centered on the evolution of mitochondrial genome (mtDNA), and on its usefulness as
a phylogeographic and phylogenetic marker at different taxonomic levels in different taxa of
Metazoa. From a methodological standpoint, my main effort was dedicated to the sequencing of
complete mitochondrial genomes, and the approach to whole-genome sequencing was based on the
application of Long-PCR and shotgun sequences. Moreover, this research project is a part of a
bigger sequencing project of mtDNAs in many different Metazoans’ taxa, and I mostly dedicated
myself to sequence and analyze mtDNAs in selected taxa of bivalves and hexapods (Insecta).
Sequences of bivalve mtDNAs are particularly limited, and my study contributed to extend the
sampling. Moreover, I used the bivalve Musculista senhousia as model taxon to investigate the
molecular mechanisms and the evolutionary significance of their aberrant mode of mitochondrial
inheritance (Doubly Uniparental Inheritance, see below).
In Insects, I focused my attention on the Genus Bacillus (Insecta Phasmida). A detailed
phylogenetic analysis was performed in order to assess phylogenetic relationships within the genus,
and to investigate the placement of Phasmida in the phylogenetic tree of Insecta. The main goal of
this part of my study was to add to the taxonomic coverage of sequenced mtDNAs in basal insects,
which were only partially analyzed.
title: Конституционное право Республики Казахстан
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: EDP Hub (Идипи Хаб), Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2024

description: В учебном пособии даны курс лекций по конституционному праву Республики Казахстан, список нормативных правовых актов и рекомендуемой литературы, разработаны задания для самостоятельной работы студентов, в том числе практические задачи по применению законодательства РК, тестовые задания для проведения контроля полученных знаний, сформулирован глоссарий основных терминов, используемых в учебном курсе. Учебное пособие подготовлено с учетом проведенных конституционных реформ и изменений, внесенных в законодательство Республики. Для студентов, магистрантов и преподавателей юридических вузов и факультетов.
Il trattamento delle fratture e lussazioni vertebrali nei piccoli animali
Creators: name: Dalpozzo, Boris <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: VET/09 Clinica chirurgica veterinaria

description: Treatment of spinal fracture and luxation in small animals

Traumatic spinal injuries usually result from a mechanic trauma. Spinal facture and luxations generally occur in the junction between and more mobile parts of the spinal column: close to the skull, thorax and pelvis. Fractures may occur alone or in combination with luxation as fracture/luxation. When the fractures are not stable the best solution is the surgical fixation. Internal and external fixation are the surgical methods for the treatment of vertebral fractures and luxations. The authors report the treatment of 12 cases of thoracic and lumbar vertebral fractures and luxations in small animals using the screws/pins and Polymethylmethacrylate technique. The analysis of results is a contribute I the valutation of surgical technique and complications in the post-surgical period.
Progress and opportunities in modelling environmentally assisted cracking
Creators: name: Martínez-Pañeda, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Environmentally assisted cracking phenomena are widespread across the transport, defence, energy and construction sectors. However, predicting environmentally assisted fractures is a highly cross-disciplinary endeavour that requires resolving the multiple material-environment interactions taking place. In this manuscript, an overview is given of recent breakthroughs in the modelling of environmentally assisted cracking. The focus is on the opportunities created by two recent developments: phase field and multi-physics modelling. The possibilities enabled by the confluence of phase field methods and electro-chemo-mechanics modelling are discussed in the context of three environmental assisted cracking phenomena of particular engineering interest: hydrogen embrittlement, localised corrosion and corrosion fatigue. Mechanical processes such as deformation and fracture can be coupled with chemical phenomena like local reactions, ionic transport and hydrogen uptake and diffusion. Moreover, these can be combined with the prediction of an evolving interface, such as a growing pit or a crack, as dictated by a phase field variable that evolves based on thermodynamics and local kinetics. Suitable for both microstructural and continuum length scales, this new generation of simulation-based, multi-physics phase field models can open new modelling horizons and enable Virtual Testing in harmful environments.
Phonon anomaly in BaFe2As2
Creators: name: Akrap, A.
name: Tu, J. J.
name: Li, L. J.
name: Cao, G. H.
name: Xu, X. A.
name: Homes, C. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detailed optical properties of BaFe2As2 have been determined over a wide frequency range above and below the structural and magnetic transition at T_N = 138 K. A prominent in-plane infrared-active mode is observed at 253 cm^{-1} (31.4 meV) at 295 K. The frequency of this vibration shifts discontinuously at T_N; for T < T_N the frequency of this mode displays almost no temperature dependence, yet it nearly doubles in intensity. This anomalous behavior appears to be a consequence of orbital ordering in the Fe-As layers.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures and one table (minor revisions)
On ergodicity of some Markov processes
Creators: name: Komorowski, Tomasz
name: Peszat, Szymon
name: Szarek, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We formulate a criterion for the existence and uniqueness of an invariant measure for a Markov process taking values in a Polish phase space. In addition, weak-$^*$ ergodicity, that is, the weak convergence of the ergodic averages of the laws of the process starting from any initial distribution, is established. The principal assumptions are the existence of a lower bound for the ergodic averages of the transition probability function and its local uniform continuity. The latter is called the e-property. The general result is applied to solutions of some stochastic evolution equations in Hilbert spaces. As an example, we consider an evolution equation whose solution describes the Lagrangian observations of the velocity field in the passive tracer model. The weak-$^*$ mean ergodicity of the corresponding invariant measure is used to derive the law of large numbers for the trajectory of a tracer.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOP513 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Drosophila bipectinata Duda 1923
Creators: name: Mcevey, Shane F.
name: Polak, Michal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Drosophila
Drosophila bipectinata

description: Drosophila bipectinata Duda, 1923:52
Figs 31–33
An easily recognizable small pale species with very distinctive sex combs (Figs 31–33). We have collected this species throughout the Tropical South Pacific (TSP) on the following islands: New Caledonia, Lifou, Efate (Vanuatu), Viti Levu, Upolu, Tutuila (American Samoa), Rarotonga, Aitutaki, Mangaia (Table 3), Bora Bora, Moorea, Nuku Hiva, Ua Pou and Hiva Oa (the latter three islands are in the Marquesas group) (Fig. 1).
description: Published as part of Mcevey, Shane F. & Polak, Michal, 2021, Drosophilidae (Diptera) of the Cook Islands, pp. 153-170 in Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 73 (5) on page 166, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.73.2021.1770, http://zenodo.org/record/7177968
Minimally modified gravity with auxiliary constraints formalism
Creators: name: Yao, Zhi-Bang
name: Oliosi, Michele
name: Gao, Xian
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of reducing the number of degrees of freedom (d.o.f.) starting from generic metric theories of gravity by introducing multiple auxiliary constraints (ACs), under the restriction of retaining spatial covariance as a gauge symmetry. Arbitrary numbers of scalar-, vector- and tensor-type ACs are considered a priori, yet we find that no vector- and tensor-type constraints should be introduced, and that scalar-type ACs should be no more than four for the purpose of constructing minimally modified gravity (MMG) theories which propagate only two tensorial d.o.f., like general relativity (GR). Through a detailed Hamiltonian analysis, we exhaust all the possible classifications of ACs and find out the corresponding minimalizing and symmetrizing conditions for obtaining the MMG theories. In particular, no condition is required in the case of four ACs, hence in this case the theory can couple with matter consistently and naturally. To illustrate our formalism, we build a concrete model for this specific case by using the Cayley-Hamilton theorem and derive the dispersion relation of the gravitational waves, which is subject to constraints from the observations.
description: 15 pages, 1 table, no figure
A comparison of data-driven approaches to build low-dimensional ocean models
Creators: name: Agarwal, Niraj
name: Kondrashov, Dmitri
name: Dueben, Peter
name: Ryzhov, Evgenii
name: Berloff, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76-10

description: We present a comprehensive inter-comparison of linear regression (LR), stochastic, and deep-learning approaches for reduced-order statistical emulation of ocean circulation. The reference dataset is provided by an idealized, eddy-resolving, double-gyre ocean circulation model. Our goal is to conduct a systematic and comprehensive assessment and comparison of skill, cost, and complexity of statistical models from the three methodological classes. The model based on LR is considered as a baseline. Additionally, we investigate its additive white noise augmentation and a multi-level stochastic approach, deep-learning methods, hybrid frameworks (LR plus deep-learning), and simple stochastic extensions of deep-learning and hybrid methods. The assessment metrics considered are: root mean squared error, anomaly cross-correlation, climatology, variance, frequency map, forecast horizon, and computational cost. We found that the multi-level linear stochastic approach performs the best for both short- and long-timescale forecasts. The deep-learning hybrid models augmented by additive state-dependent white noise came second, while their deterministic counterparts failed to reproduce the characteristic frequencies in climate-range forecasts. Pure deep learning implementations performed worse than LR and its noise augmentations. Skills of LR and its white noise extension were similar on short timescales, but the latter performed better on long timescales, while LR-only outputs decay to zero for long simulations. Overall, our analysis promotes multi-level LR stochastic models with memory effects, and hybrid models with linear dynamical core augmented by additive stochastic terms learned via deep learning, as a more practical, accurate, and cost-effective option for ocean emulation than pure deep-learning solutions.
description: 47 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Journal of Advances in Modelling Earth Systems
Single crystal growth of and hyperfine couplings in the spin-triplet superconductor K$_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$
Creators: name: Ogawa, Seigo
name: Miyoshi, Tomoki
name: Matano, Kazuaki
name: Inada, Yoshihiko
name: Zheng, Guo-qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report single crystal growth of strongly-correlated compound K$_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$ with superconducting temperature $T_{\textrm c}$=6.2 K, and the measurements of magnetic susceptibility $χ$ above $T_{\textrm c}$. We determined the hyperfine coupling constants directly from the relation between the Knight shift ($K$) and susceptibility ($K$-$χ$ plot) and obtained the orbital contribution $K_{\textrm{orb}}$. Our results of $K_{\textrm{orb}}$ is in fairly good agreement with the previous estimate using a novel method, and reinforce the conclusion that K$_2$Cr$_3$As$_3$ is a spin-triplet superconductor.
Non-Markovian dynamics of a damped driven two-state system
Creators: name: Haikka, Pinja
name: Maniscalco, Sabrina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a driven two-state system interacting with a structured environment. We introduce the non-Markovian master equation ruling the system dynamics, and we derive its analytic solution for general reservoir spectra. We compare the non-Markovian dynamics of the Bloch vector for two classes of reservoir spectra: the Ohmic and the Lorentzian reservoir. Finally, we derive the analytic conditions for complete positivity with and without the secular approximation. Interestingly, the complete positivity conditions have a transparent physical interpretation in terms of the characteristic timescales of phase diffusion and relaxation processes.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, final version
The fully residually F quotients of F*
Creators: name: Touikan, Nicholas W. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E99, 20E08, 20E05

description: We describe the fully residually F; or limit groups relative to F; (where F is a free group) that arise from systems of equations in two variables over F that have coefficients in F.
description: 64 pages, 2 figures. Following recommendations from a referee, the paper has been completely reorganized and many small mistakes have been corrected. There were also a few gaps in the earlier version of the paper that have been fixed. In particular much of the content of Section 8 in the previous version had to be replaced. This paper is to appear in Groups. Geom. Dyn
title: Experiences of People with Multiple Sclerosis and Their Use of Assistance Dogs: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Creators: name: O'Connor, Gráinne Ann
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2021

description: In this thesis, findings are reported from a qualitative study of eleven people living with multiple sclerosis (MS) who between them have used nineteen assistance dogs for more than two decades. The first recorded use of dogs specifically trained to help people living with physical impairments undertake practical tasks aimed at increasing their independence and quality of life was in North America in 1975. In recent decades, the use of such dogs by people living with a wide range of physical, sensory, and intellectual disabilities and mental illness has rapidly expanded in many countries of the global north. Research from the field of human-animal interactions and disability studies raises issues concerning both the quality and quantity of evidence in this area. Recently, this has led researchers to urge caution regarding the benefits and challenges of assistance dog use by those living with disabilities. In this study, participants were recruited from two of the four accredited charities who train assistance dogs for people with physical disabilities across the United Kingdom (UK). Single in-depth, semi-structured interviews were undertaken. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was applied to the data resulting in three super-ordinate themes: VISIBILITY, (UN)CERTAINTY and IDENTITY. Key findings were that the use of an assistance dog was perceived to transform participants’ self-identity to one which was shared with their dog. Experiences of interactions between participants and society in which their assistance dog served to misdirect negative public gaze away from visible impairment were understood to amplify shared human-ness and minimise difference. This interspecies relationship was however, revealed to be vulnerable to the uncertainties of ageing (human and canine) intertwined with the unpredictability of living with a degenerative condition. The findings and conclusions offered in this thesis enhance and inform both critical disability studies and human-animal interaction studies through its exploration of new understandings of identity.
The Measurement of Dynamic Tidal Contribution to Apsidal Motion in Heartbeat Star KIC 4544587
Creators: name: Ou, Jian-wen
name: Yu, Cong
name: Yang, Ming
name: Jiang, Chen
name: Ma, Bo
name: Liu, Guan-fu
name: Liu, Shang-fei
name: Luo, Juan-juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Apsidal motion is a gradual shift in the position of periastron. The impact of dynamic tides on apsidal motion has long been debated, because the contribution could not be quantified due to the lack of high quality observations. KIC 4544587 with tidally excited oscillations has been observed by \textit{Kepler} high-precision photometric data based on long time baseline and short-cadence schema. In this paper, we compute the rate of apsidal motion that arises from the dynamic tides as $19.05\pm 1.70$ mrad yr$^{-1}$ via tracking the orbital phase shifts of tidally excited oscillations. We also calculate the procession rate of the orbit due to the Newtonian and general relativistic contribution as $21.49 \pm 2.8$ and $2.4 \pm 0.06$ mrad yr$^{-1}$, respectively. The sum of these three factors is in excellent agreement with the total observational rate of apsidal motion $42.97 \pm 0.18$ mrad yr$^{-1}$ measured by eclipse timing variations. The tidal effect accounts for about 44\% of the overall observed apsidal motion and is comparable to that of the Newtonian term. Dynamic tides have a significant contribution to the apsidal motion. The analysis method mentioned in this paper presents an alternative approach to measuring the contribution of the dynamic tides quantitatively.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted by ApJ
pyTDGL: Time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau in Python
Creators: name: Horn, Logan Bishop-Van
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) theory is a phenomenological model for the dynamics of superconducting systems. Due to its simplicity in comparison to microscopic theories and its effectiveness in describing the observed properties of the superconducting state, TDGL is widely used to interpret or explain measurements of superconducting devices. Here, we introduce $\texttt{pyTDGL}$, a Python package that solves a generalized TDGL model for superconducting thin films of arbitrary geometry, enabling simulations of vortex and phase dynamics in mesoscopic superconducting devices. $\texttt{pyTDGL}$ can model the nonlinear magnetic response and dynamics of multiply connected films, films with multiple current bias terminals, and films with a spatially inhomogeneous critical temperature. We demonstrate these capabilities by modeling quasi-equilibrium vortex distributions in irregularly shaped films, and the dynamics and current-voltage-field characteristics of nanoscale superconducting quantum interference devices (nanoSQUIDs).
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, GitHub repository: https://github.com/loganbvh/py-tdgl , online documentation: https://py-tdgl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
title: Characterization of the Mechanical Response to Residual Stress in Corroded Zirconium Alloys
Creators: name: Storer, Susan
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2011

description: Zirconium (Zr) alloys are used in the manufacture of safety critical components such as nuclear fuel tubes. These alloys are suited to structural applications within the aqueous, high pressure environment of a nuclear reactor core, because they are transparent to neutrons, have excellent corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties. However, the zirconium fuel tubes have become the life limiting factor in achieving high burn-ups. High compressive stresses build up in the oxide due to the large volumetric expansion (>50%) that occurs while the oxide forms. These residual stresses play a key role in stabilising the protective oxide. When stability is lost, cracks often form in the oxide, allowing water ingress, resulting in corrosion of the metal substrate. The tensile stresses existing in the metal substrate, close to the oxide interface are high enough for material creep to occur. This thesis focuses on investigating the mechanical response to residual stress in corroded zirconium alloys. Novel methodologies used in this study include nanoindentation (NI) and focused ion beam (FIB) milling to determine residual stress. Digital image correlation (DIC), electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used in the analysis of data. Mapping NI hardness gradients across the oxide led to a comprehensive, systematic examination into the causes of scatter found in the NI data, with an interesting and surprising outcome. A feasibility study is included using a relatively new method of measuring strain by FIB milling and DIC analysis. It is thought to be the first time this method has been used on zirconium alloys. NI creep testing was used to evaluate time dependent deformation, resulting in high values of the stress exponent (n). An investigation found good correlation between n values from indentation testing and those from load relaxation testing, suggesting a relaxation of deformation modes, possibly activated during the loading process. A comparative analysis was performed on the plastic deformation zone underneath a large Vickers indent and the highly deformed region of the load relaxation tested sample, to ascertain whether twinning mechanisms were dominant in the deformation process.
Boundary transitions of the O(n) model on a dynamical lattice
Creators: name: Bourgine, Jean-Emile
name: Hosomichi, Kazuo
name: Kostov, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the anisotropic boundary conditions for the dilute O(n) loop model with the methods of 2D quantum gravity. We solve the problem exactly on a dynamical lattice using the correspondence with a large $N$ matrix model. We formulate the disk two-point functions with ordinary and anisotropic boundary conditions as loop correlators in the matrix model. We derive the loop equations for these correlators and find their explicit solution in the scaling limit. Our solution reproduces the boundary phase diagram and the boundary critical exponents obtained recently by Dubail, Jacobsen and Saleur, except for the cusp at the isotropic special transition point. Moreover, our solution describes the bulk and the boundary deformations away from the anisotropic special transitions. In particular it shows how the anisotropic special boundary conditions are deformed by the bulk thermal flow towards the dense phase.
description: 37 pages, 5 figures
Scaptodrosophila marjoryae
Creators: name: Mcevey, Shane F.
name: Polak, Michal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Scaptodrosophila
Scaptodrosophila marjoryae

description: Scaptodrosophila marjoryae
 (Harrison, 1954:105)
 Seventeen species of Scaptodrosophila are known from the Tropical South Pacific (TSP). During the present survey a pale brown Scaptodrosophila species with translucent or weakly pigmented setae and without thoracic vittae was collected on Aitutaki and Rarotonga. It has apical and basal scutellar setae subequal in length and is therefore not S. bryani or S. anuda (see above); it has C-index 2.11–2.23 (AM K.472185–88) and is therefore not S. scaptomyzoidea (Duda, 1923) — S. scaptomyzoidea has exceptionally high C-index in the range 4.0–4.7 (McEvey & Dizon, 2017). This is not a black species or a species with blackened thorax or blackened tergites, nor is it a species with any form of thoracic banding or thoracic vittae. This effectively eliminates 12 of the remaining 14 described TSP Scaptodrosophila species. The present species appears to be very close to S. marjoryae (Harrison, 1954) previously reported only from Samoa (Table 1, Fig. 1, 1500 km distant). Scaptodrosophila marjoryae closely resembles S. concolor (Bock, 1976) and S. aurochaeta (Bock, 1984) from Australia.
 Specimens with very similar morphology, and awaiting determination in the AM, have been examined by us from Vanuatu (AM K.380057), Moorea (McE10215 CNRS/ MNHN) (Table 1, Fig. 1) and Townsville, Australia (Schiffer’s iso-female culture CBN17, AM K.357126–45 etc.). Unfortunately we have been unable to examine S. marjoryae from Samoa but our conclusion after a comparative study of male terminalia of these similar pale brown species with translucent setae from across the TSP and northern Australia is that at least four species exist; differences exist in specimens from Rarotonga, Port Vila, Moorea, and Townsville. Only three names are available (in the TSP and northern Australia), so types of S. marjoryae, S. concolor and S. aurochaeta must be examined before identifications can be made with confidence. In the interim, since we find no departure from Harrison’s description, we have determined the present species from the Cook Islands to be S. marjoryae and we leave open the question of possible synonymies with Australian species until further study.
description: Published as part of Mcevey, Shane F. & Polak, Michal, 2021, Drosophilidae (Diptera) of the Cook Islands, pp. 153-170 in Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 73 (5) on page 168, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.73.2021.1770, http://zenodo.org/record/7177968