cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Map #107, Site 5MT10711, Pithouse 101-103, Roof Construction
Creators: name: DeVos, Jim
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Southwestern Colorado
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2810/southwestern-colorado
subject: Southwestern US
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84604/southwestern-us
subject: Basketmaker III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/78/basketmaker-iii
subject: 5MT10711
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118032/5mt10711
subject: Ridgeline Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118031/ridgeline-site

description: Site 5MT10711, Pithouse 101-103, Roof Construction
Protecting the Rights of Publicity of Michael Jordan, Pele, and Muhammad Ali
Creators: name: Sperling, Frederick J.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2019

description: It is a pleasure to have a chance to speak with you this afternoon. I would like to talk with you about several cases that I brought involving misappropriation of the rights of publicity of Michael Jordan, Pele, and Muhammad Ali.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 42 No. 3 (2019)
IoT Wireless Communication Based on Optical Frequency Identification for Object Detection and Tracking
Creators: name: Narvaez, Diana Alejandra
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400802
subject: Electrical circuits and systems

description: Due to the rapidly evolving landscape of the Internet of Things (IoT), efficient
communication solutions are increasingly sought after. The thesis delves into
the development and validation of two optical communication systems (IDC,
2021). Capitalizing on the benefits of Optical Wireless Communication (OWC)
and Optical Frequency Identification(OFID), two innovative optical systems are
introduced: a single-pixel OFID optical reader and a computer vision-based
communication system that utilizes an OLED tag, a camera, and a laptop as a
reader. These systems are designed to surpass the challenges associated with
existing technologies like RFID and Bluetooth, offering enhancements in
security, privacy, and autonomy through the integration of energy harvesting
technologies. Moreover, the practical application of these systems in real-world
settings, such as animal and object identification, highlight their versatility
and potential for diverse IoT applications. The prototypes presented were
systematically developed and subjected to a series of evaluations to assess their
performance. These tests focused on measuring the communication distance
achieved, the power consumption of the devices, and the accuracy of data
transmission. The experiments demonstrated the technical feasibility of the
systems in real IoT environments, affirming their effectiveness in overcoming
distance limitations and energy efficiency challenges and providing an
alternative solution for accurate data transmission in environments where radio
communications cannot operate. These findings underscore the significance and
applicability of optical communications.
highlight
Territoriality, Jurisdiction, and the Right(s) of Publicity
Creators: name: Post, David G.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2019

description: When Professors Rothman and Ginsburg asked me to speak here on the issues surrounding territoriality, jurisdiction, choice of law, and the like in the law of publicity, I confessed that I knew little about the developing law of publicity rights. Having taught Copyright Law for many years, I had come across the well-known foundational publicity rights cases—the cases involving Tom Waits, Vanna White, and Bette Midler—because of the problematic relationship between those decisions (under California state law) and federal copyright law. But I had not studied the publicity doctrine, or the main corpus of cases and statutes, with any great care. I had, however, done some thinking over the years about territoriality and jurisdiction in other contexts. I was happy to have the opportunity to dive in and spend a couple of months immersing myself in the publicity cases and commentary to try to discover how those questions played themselves out in this particular corner of the legal universe. I found the results “alarming.” I use the term advisedly, so let me try to explain what I mean by it.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 42 No. 3 (2019)
Geometric Crystals on Flag Varieties and Unipotent Subgroups of Classical Groups
Creators: name: Igarashi, Mana
name: Nakashima, Toshiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37, 17B67, 46E25

description: For a classical simple algebraic group $G$ we obtain the affirmative answer for the conjecture in [8] that there exists an isomorphism between the geometric crystal on the flag variety and the one on the unipotent subgroup $U^-$.
description: Latex, 21pages
Hyla regilla BGir
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Hylidae
Hyla
Hyla regilla

description: * Hyla regilla BGir., jung.
Portland (Oregon) v. H. Miescher. [5]
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on page 674, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
A "Cellular Neuronal" Approach to Optimization Problems
Creators: name: Duane, Gregory S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hopfield-Tank (1985) recurrent neural network architecture for the Traveling Salesman Problem is generalized to a fully interconnected "cellular" neural network of regular oscillators. Tours are defined by synchronization patterns, allowing the simultaneous representation of all cyclic permutations of a given tour. The network converges to local optima some of which correspond to shortest-distance tours, as can be shown analytically in a stationary phase approximation. Simulated annealing is required for global optimization, but the stochastic element might be replaced by chaotic intermittency in a further generalization of the architecture to a network of chaotic oscillators.
description: -2nd revised version submitted to Chaos (original version submitted 6/07)
title: Методология исследовательской деятельности в начальном образовании
title: Учебное пособие
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Землянская Е.Н.
Publisher: name: Московский педагогический государственный университет
Year: 2019

description: В пособии раскрывается методология исследовательской педагогической деятельности. Отличие данного пособия от существующих в том, что методология исследовательской деятельности представлена в двух плоскостях: методология исследования общепедагогических проблем рассматривается в едином контексте с методологией исследований в области педагогики начального образования в соотношении философских категорий общего и особенного. Пособие максимально практико-ориентировано: снабжено примерами, текстами, рекомендациями по организации исследованиями; содержит схемы и таблицы. Учебное пособие может использоваться при проведении семинарских занятий со студентами, а также для организации их самостоятельной внеаудиторной работы. Адресовано в первую очередь магистрантам и аспирантам, выполняющим диссертационные исследования в области педагогики и психологии начального образования. Для освоения пособия не требуется педагогического образования, поэтому книга будет полезна тем обучающимся (бакалаврам, слушателям курсов переподготовки и повышения квалификации), которые только осваивают педагогическую сферу деятельности. Книга будет полезна также практическим работникам (учителям, воспитателям, тьюторам).
description: The manual reveals the methodology of research teaching. The difference of this manual from available that the methodology of research activities are presented in two planes: research methodology General pedagogical issues are considered in the same context with the research methodology in the field of pedagogy of elementary education in the relation between philosophical categories of the General and special. The maximum benefit of practice-oriented: includes examples, texts, recommendations on the organization of studies; includes diagrams and tables. The textbook can be used when conducting seminars with students and to organize an independent work. Addressed primarily to undergraduates and graduate students performing dissertation research in the field of pedagogics and psychology of primary education. For the development of benefits is not required of teacher education, so the book will be useful to those students (bachelors, students training courses and qualification courses) that are mastering the pedagogical sphere of activity. The book will be useful also practitioners (teachers, educators, tutoral).
Control over Contemporary Photography
Creators: name: Silbey, Jessica
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2019

description: Professional photographers who make photographs of people negotiate a tense relationship between their own creative freedoms and the right of their subjects to control their images. This negotiation formally takes place over the terrain of copyright, right of publicity, and the First Amendment. Informally, photographers describe implied understandings and practice norms guiding their relationship with subjects, infrequently memorialized in short, boilerplate contractual releases. This short essay explores these formal and informal practices described by contemporary professional photographers. Although the evidence for this essay comes from professional photographic practice culled from interviews with contemporary photographers, the analysis of the evidence speaks to the more general challenge of balancing privacy and freedom of expression in the digital age. At the outset of this essay, I describe the scope of the empirical project and the process of collecting data. Then, in three parts, I describe how photographers simultaneously collaborate with and control the subjects of the photographs they make in order to assert themselves as civic storytellers with broad free speech rights in our digital age. I identify a conflict between photographers and their subjects, which serves to maximize the aesthetic freedom of photographers at the expense of their subjects. This conflict resolves in the photographers’ accounts through their caretaking role over their photographs on behalf of the subjects themselves. I conclude with a brief explanation of why it matters to better understand these professional photographic norms in our Internet age when free speech and privacy are increasingly in conflict.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 42 No. 3 (2019)
SN 2006bt: A Perplexing, Troublesome, and Possibly Misleading Type Ia Supernova
Creators: name: Foley, Ryan J.
name: Narayan, Gautham
name: Challis, Peter J.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Kirshner, Robert P.
name: Silverman, Jeffrey M.
name: Steele, Thea N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SN 2006bt displays characteristics unlike those of any other known Type Ia supernova (SN Ia). We present optical light curves and spectra of SN 2006bt which demonstrate the peculiar nature of this object. SN 2006bt has broad, slowly declining light curves indicative of a hot, high-luminosity SN, but lacks a prominent second maximum in the i band as do low-luminosity SNe Ia. Its spectra are similar to those of low-luminosity SNe Ia, containing features that are only present in cool SN photospheres. Light-curve fitting methods suggest that SN 2006bt is reddened by a significant amount of dust; however, it occurred in the outskirts of its early-type host galaxy and has no strong Na D absorption in any of its spectra, suggesting a negligible amount of host-galaxy dust absorption. C II is possibly detected in our pre-maximum spectra, but at a much lower velocity than other elements. The progenitor was likely very old, being a member of the halo population of a galaxy that shows no signs of recent star formation. SNe Ia have been very successfully modeled as a one-parameter family, and this is fundamental to their use as cosmological distance indicators. SN 2006bt is a challenge to that picture, yet its relatively normal light curves allowed SN 2006bt to be included in cosmological analyses. We generate mock SN Ia datasets which indicate that contamination by similar objects will both increase the scatter of a SN Ia Hubble diagram and systematically bias measurements of cosmological parameters. However, spectra and rest-frame i-band light curves should provide a definitive way to identify and eliminate such objects.
description: ApJ, accepted. 13 pages, 13 figures
Large fluid injection induced seismicity events : empirical and numerical investigation of causes, mechanisms and mitigation strategies
Creators: name: Mehrabifard, Ali
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Fluid-injection-induced seismicity, e.g., that associated with hydraulic fracturing operations, is of high importance and interest to various stakeholders, including indigenous and local communities, regulators, operators and insurance companies. Failure to perform a thorough hazard assessment may result in undesired large magnitude events (>Mw2) that could impact safety, cause damage to infrastructure, and delay or stop projects. This thesis focuses on three key objectives: 1) to investigate whether hazard assessment relationships established for natural earthquakes can be used for fluid-injection-induced seismicity, 2) to understand the mechanism(s) of fluid-injection-induced seismicity events with focus on hydraulic fracturing operations in the Montney play of northeastern British Columbia (NEBC), and 3) to propose mitigation measures to potentially reduce fluid-injection-induced seismicity hazards. The methodology employed integrates empirical analyses with advanced 3-D numerical modelling. The empirical analyses are first applied broadly to a database compiled from global records of induced seismicity over a wide range of industrial operations, and then specifically using datasets from two well-pads in the Kiskatinaw area of NEBC. Numerical modelling supported these analyses and provided mechanistic understanding of them. Main findings include: 1) The commonly held belief that larger earthquakes occur in compressional stress regimes (as observed for natural earthquakes) is not necessarily true for fluid-injection-induced seismicity, and thus the use of focal mechanisms and b-values to assess hazard susceptibility and maximum magnitude potential should be approached with caution. 2) The dominant mechanism for large magnitude induced events in the Kiskatinaw area was found to be the direct effect of fluid-injection pressure perturbation associated with geological structures in the targeted reservoir volume that were limited in their hydraulic connectivity (i.e., where fracture intensity is low). 3) Higher injection pressurization rates were found to result in higher magnitude events, while lowering the rate was observed to cause the seismic moment release through many smaller events. The results point to mitigation measures such as monitoring and controlling the pressurization rate to control the rate of seismicity and event magnitudes, and increasing hydraulic fracturing fluid viscosity to reduce the fluid pressure front propagation to unfavorable (i.e., susceptible) areas outside the designed hydraulic fracturing zone.
Why Movie Studios Care About Right of Publicity
Creators: name: Sheffner, Ben
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2019

description: So why do movie studios care about the right of publicity? The answer is quite simple. Our studios make lots of movies and television programs about and inspired by real people and events. It is critical to our studios that they have the right to do that—whether or not the subjects of those movies and television shows want movies or television shows made about them. To illustrate how important this issue is to our studios in present day, let me say a couple things. The word “copyright” is included in my job title. I am mostly a copyright lawyer, and I think that is why I was hired at the Motion Picture Association. But over the last two to three years, I have spent the majority of my time on right of publicity, more so than on issues involving copyright. My counterparts—the intellectual property lawyers in-house at the movie studios— consider court decisions threatening their right to make movies and television shows about and inspired by real people and events, without obtaining the subjects’ permission, “existential threats.” One of the things that Professor Jennifer Rothman mentioned in her remarks is that we need to do a better job articulating what the nature of this threat is, or what it means as a practical matter. Let me take up the baton and try to give you a sense of just how fundamentally important this issue is in current years.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 42 No. 3 (2019)
Ratchetlike pulse controlling the Fermi deceleration and hyperacceleration
Creators: name: Manchein, Cesar
name: Beims, Marcus W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an ac driven asymmetric pulse we show how the Fermi acceleration (deceleration) can be controlled. A {\it deformed} sawtooth (Ratchetlike) pulse representing the moving wall in the static Fermi-Ulam model is considered. The time integral from the pulse over one period of oscillation must be negative to obtain deceleration and positive to obtain hyperacceleration. We show that while the decelerated case is chaotic, for the hyperaccelerated case the Lyapunov exponents converge to zero. Numerical simulations indicate that the hyperaccelerated case is ergodic in velocity space. Switching between different pulse deformations we are able to control the particle acceleration. Results should be valid for any pulse for which the time integral can be manipulated between positive and negative values.
description: 6 pages and 10 figures
Remarks on the Right of Publicity
Creators: name: McKenna, Mark P.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2019

description: I have written exactly one paper about the right of publicity. It was in 2004. So this was a good chance to start thinking hard again about things I have not thought about in a while. That paper was the first paper I ever wrote as an academic. I reread it last week, and it felt a lot like the first paper I ever wrote as an academic. I do not advise that, by the way. It is not a good feeling. What I was most struck by in reading that paper is that nothing has changed in the time since I wrote it in terms of what the big issues are. I say this having reread Mark and Stacey’s piece as well, which is about the same time period. What those papers were trying to do was to think about what the right of publicity is, what it should be about, whether it has a real conceptual core to it, and what would follow from that in terms of the structure of the right. This is the way academics tend to think: What is the right about, and then—on this naïve assumption that you might be able to deduce from the theory what the actual practice should be—whether the scope of the right is tethered to the right’s justification. If you can work out the right at a conceptual level, then all the doctrinal limits would follow from that. Many people during that era offered ways of thinking about the right that would have justified a right of some scope—probably a more limited scope than some folks on this panel might want, but a right nonetheless. I think it is a more difficult question to figure out whether that right would be meaningfully different from what is protected under Section 43(a) type claims of false endorsement. If you approach the issue, not from the perspective of theory, but from the doctrine itself, I do not think any fair-minded person could look at the right of publicity as it actually exists and believe that the doctrine derived from a coherent theory. It has characteristics of both personal and property rights. It resembles in different ways and at different times privacy and IP rights. But the mixture is hard to explain in any satisfactory way. Jennifer Rothman referred to it as having an identity crisis. I think that was probably generous. I think the fact is that is what really animated all the papers I was talking about: This sort of weird mixture of different things that make it hard to identify any particular coherent theory.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 42 No. 3 (2019)
Scope and Justification of the Right of Publicity
Creators: name: Sheff, Jeremy
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2019

description: Thank you to Professor June Besek, and thanks to everyone here at Columbia for the invitation. June, to correct one of your introductions here—Mark McKenna is too humble to say so, but in addition to being a widely recognized scholar, he was elected yesterday to the American Law Institute, which is well deserved given his immense contributions to Intellectual Property Law scholarship. Mark and I have talked about this topic, in part in preparation for today, and so a lot of what I say is going to reflect some of what he has said, and I think that is fine. (There are worse things you can say about a scholar than, “oh, he sounds just like McKenna.”) One of the things that has come up in the discussions this morning and on this panel—which considers the scope of the Intellectual Property right of the Right of Publicity, and whether it is an Intellectual Property right or not—is the relationship between scope and justification. Mark’s comments suggest that there is no such relationship with respect to the Right of Publicity; or, that at least it is loose. The biggest contribution of Jennifer’s excellent book is to encourage us to think about the rights of publicity and the rights of privacy as different things that have— for odd historical reasons, some of them with a purpose—been lumped together. And that we ought to try to think about them more separately and their justifications more separately.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 42 No. 3 (2019)
Term, Breadth, and Waivability
Creators: name: Roesler, Mark
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2019

description: The question I have is why should there be a difference between how somebody like the Walt Disney Company protects the intellectual property rights and how the Michael Jackson estate protects the intellectual property rights? Why should there be any difference between how they can protect those intellectual property rights?
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 42 No. 3 (2019)
Stirring the Pot
Creators: name: Dogan, Stacey
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2019

description: Any commentary on Jennifer Rothman’s terrific book has to begin with a compliment to her extraordinary commitment to the right of publicity. For the uninitiated, her website, Rothman’s Roadmap to the Right of Publicity, provides a treasure trove of information about the right of publicity in each of the fifty states. Professor Rothman has also written several articles and a number of excellent amicus briefs in some of the most important right-of-publicity cases in recent years. Finally, this latest contribution—her book—harnesses this exhaustive research and presents it as a historical narrative that is comprehensive, thoughtful, and readable. This book will serve as required reading for scholars, lawyers, and historians trying to understand the history, foundations, and key attributes of this perplexing area of law. Despite my admiration for Professor Rothman and her work, I view the role of a commentator as stirrer of the pot; so, while I agree with much of what she says in her book and her talk, I am going to focus on three points where I have a somewhat different perspective: first, the relationship between “privacy” and “publicity;” second, the role of alienability; and finally, prognosis and cure—or why the right of publicity is so hard, and how we might restore balance to this unwieldy cause of action.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 42 No. 3 (2019)
Additional file 1 of GC heterogeneity reveals sequence-structures evolution of angiosperm ITS2
Creators: name: Liu, Yubo
name: Liang, Nan
name: Xian, Qing
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
The Right of Publicity’s Intellectual Property Turn
Creators: name: Rothman, Jennifer E.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2019

description: I will first consider the case often wrongly credited with creating the right of publicity―Haelan Laboratories v. Topps Chewing Gum―and then reveal the right of publicity’s true origins, explaining when the actual turn to becoming an independent IP right took place. I will conclude with some challenges posed by this IP turn, as well as some implications that flow from this resurrected story of the right of publicity’s development. Almost twenty-five years ago, in 1995, Columbia Law School organized another Symposium on the right of publicity.9 Many of the concerns raised then and the disagreements voiced at that time remain today. But none of the speakers at the time accurately understood the history of the right of publicity’s development. As a result, the conversation stood on a shaky foundation—one that has long skewed our understanding of the right of publicity, its objectives, and the controversies that surround it. Let us begin today’s Symposium by setting the record straight.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 42 No. 3 (2019)
Map #476, Site 5MT10647, Pit Room 333, Surface 1 and Nonstructure 326, Surface 1
Creators: name: DeVos, Jim
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Southwestern Colorado
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2810/southwestern-colorado
subject: Southwestern US
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84604/southwestern-us
subject: Basketmaker III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/78/basketmaker-iii
subject: Pueblo I
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/54/pueblo-i
subject: Pueblo II
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/55/pueblo-ii
subject: 5MT10647
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118013/5mt10647
subject: Dillard Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118012/dillard-site

description: Site 5MT10647, Pit Room 333, Surface 1 and Nonstructure 326, Surface 1
Post-Newtonian corrections to the gravitational-wave memory for quasicircular, inspiralling compact binaries
Creators: name: Favata, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Christodoulou memory is a nonlinear contribution to the gravitational-wave field that is sourced by the gravitational-wave stress-energy tensor. For quasicircular, inspiralling binaries, the Christodoulou memory produces a growing, nonoscillatory change in the gravitational-wave "plus" polarization, resulting in the permanent displacement of a pair of freely-falling test masses after the wave has passed. In addition to its nonoscillatory behavior, the Christodoulou memory is interesting because even though it originates from 2.5 post-Newtonian (PN) order multipole interactions, it affects the waveform at leading (Newtonian/quadrupole) order. The memory is also potentially detectable in binary black-hole mergers. While the oscillatory pieces of the gravitational-wave polarizations for quasicircular, inspiralling compact binaries have been computed to 3PN order, the memory contribution to the polarizations has only been calculated to leading order (the next-to-leading order 0.5PN term has previously been shown to vanish). Here the calculation of the memory for quasicircular, inspiralling binaries is extended to 3PN order. While the angular dependence of the memory remains qualitatively unchanged, the PN correction terms tend to reduce the memory's magnitude. Explicit expressions are given for the memory contributions to the plus polarization and the spin-weighted spherical-harmonic modes of the metric and curvature perturbations. Combined with the recent results of Blanchet et al.(2008), this completes the waveform to 3PN order. This paper also discusses: (i) the difficulties in extracting the memory from numerical simulations, (ii) other nonoscillatory effects that enter the waveform at high PN orders, and (iii) issues concerning the observability of the memory.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures; v2: 27 pages, expanded discussion and presentation, corrected typos, main results unchanged. Matches published PRD version
Selling the Artist, Not the Art
Creators: name: Blumenfeld, Zach
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2019

description: This Note will argue that American courts should take account of digital works’ secondary purpose as personal brand advertisement and treat these works as such, thereby protecting creators’ economic interests in a world where social capital is economic capital. In Part I, I explain how Internet creators, ordinary users, companies, and social media influencers operate under the current system of formal copyright law and informal norms. What they appear to want out of an attendant legal regime looks more like personal brand protection, specifically insofar as it encompasses the attribution right and the ability to monetize their whole oeuvre rather than specific content. In Part II, I discuss privately ordered methods of enforcing the rights that creators seem to want, before explaining that these methods are insufficient to meet creators’ needs. Finally, in Part III, inspired by recent judicial developments that offer promising interpretations of the Copyright Act, I outline a path to more robust protection of attribution and integrity rights than copyright law has previously afforded.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 42 No. 2 (2019)
Goodness-of-fit problem for errors in nonparametric regression: Distribution free approach
Creators: name: Khmaladze, Estate V.
name: Koul, Hira L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G08 (Primary), 62G10 (Secondary)

description: This paper discusses asymptotically distribution free tests for the classical goodness-of-fit hypothesis of an error distribution in nonparametric regression models. These tests are based on the same martingale transform of the residual empirical process as used in the one sample location model. This transformation eliminates extra randomization due to covariates but not due the errors, which is intrinsically present in the estimators of the regression function. Thus, tests based on the transformed process have, generally, better power. The results of this paper are applicable as soon as asymptotic uniform linearity of nonparametric residual empirical process is available. In particular they are applicable under the conditions stipulated in recent papers of Akritas and Van Keilegom and Müller, Schick and Wefelmeyer.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOS680 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Deep Learning based Vehicle Detection in Aerial Imagery
Creators: name: Sommer, Lars Wilko
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2022
Subjects: Objektdetektion
Neuronale Netze
Luftbilddaten
Object Detection
Deep Learning
Aerial Imagery

description: This book proposes a novel deep learning based detection method, focusing on vehicle detection in aerial imagery recorded in top view. The base detection framework is extended by two novel components to improve the detection accuracy by enhancing the contextual and semantical content of the employed feature representation. To reduce the inference time, a lightweight CNN architecture is proposed as base architecture and a novel module that restricts the search area is introduced.
Revocación de mandato, una aproximación teórica e histórca
Creators: name: Ramírez Flores, Paloma
name: Gómez Gaytán, Vanessa Massiel
name: Guerrero Fuentes, Bricia Esthela
name: Murga Rodríguez, María Baal Berit
Publisher: name: DE IURE
Year: 2023

description: La revocación de mandado es una figura jurídica del Derecho Público que recientemente fue añadida a la Constitución Mexicana. Por ello, este trabajo pretende en esta primera entrega, resumir tanto su marco teórico como sus antecedentes. Desde una visión clásica, se dice que una de las bases de la revocación de mandado es el ejercicio efectivo y permanente de la soberanía popular en el control de la toma de decisiones públicas; sin embargo, para poder analizar su eficacia y pertinencia en la realidad y en la actualidad, es indispensable contextualizarla a través del filtro de, entre otras, las siguientes variables en cada estado-nación: época; sistema jurídico, politico y económico del país; cultura cívica y política de los ciudadanos; desempeño administrativo y político (histórico y reciente) del gobierno, etc. Para realizar lo anterior, en primer lugar, es necesario tener en claro qué es y de dónde viene esta figura.
description: DE IURE, Vol. 5 Núm. 3 (2023): Volumen 5, Numero 3, Quinto año agosto 2023
Splitting in the Fermi surface of ZrTe_3: a surface charge density wave system
Creators: name: Hoesch, Moritz
name: Cui, Xiaoyu
name: Shimada, Kenya
name: Battaglia, Corsin
name: Fujimori, Shin-ichi
name: Berger, Helmuth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic band structure and Fermi surface of ZrTe_3 was precisely determined by linearly polarized angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. Several bands and a large part of the Fermi surface are found to be split by 100-200 meV into two parallel dispersions. Band structure calculations reveal that the splitting is due to a change of crystal structure near the surface. The agreement between calculation and experiment is enhanced by including the spin-orbit potential in the calculations, but the spin-orbit energy does not lead to a splitting of the bands. The dispersion of the highly nested small electron pocket that gives rise to the charge density wave is traceable even in the low-temperature gapped state, thus implying that the finite correlation length of the long-wavelength modulation leads to a smearing of the band back-folding.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
There and Back: Vindicating the Listener’s Interests in Targeted Advertising in the Internet Information Economy
Creators: name: Jokubaitis, Caitlin E.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2018

description: This Note argues first, that the Commercial Speech Doctrine as currently conceived is an ill-fitting tool for resolving difficult free speech questions in the context of data, privacy, and the modern Internet Information Economy. The application of the Commercial Speech Doctrine to a particular economic interaction should not be a nigh-complete bar to the regulation of Internet platforms that profit from data collection and transmission. For this reason, qualified constitutional protection appropriately accounts for the speaker’s interests while not short-changing those of the listener/consumer. This Note proposes that regulators and reviewing tribunals consider the context surrounding the data collection and transmission process, including: method of collection, relationship between miner and mined party, and whether the user has consented to such collection in justifying the relative need for regulation. Second, in order to vindicate the Commercial Speech Doctrine’s initial purposes, more transparency of data collection procedures for use in targeted advertising is warranted and indeed possible as a regulatory hook to protect consumers, despite the Court’s move towards according more protection to commercial speakers. In so doing, this Note builds upon Erin Bernstein and Theresa J. Lee’s Where the Consumer Is the Commodity: The Difficulty with the Current Definition of Commercial Speech, which proposes that the “rise of new non-linear commercial transactions” necessitates a shift in the definition of commercial speech to accommodate the seismic change in the modern online economy. The stakes are not inconsequential: failure to expand the scope of commercial speech would foreclose the use of many tools in a legislature’s arsenal to address current concerns related to consumer privacy and eliminating advertisements that seek to capitalize on discriminatory indicia, among other salient policy issues. Part I details the Court’s jurisprudence regarding both personal solicitations and data practices and considers the shift away from a bifurcated speech paradigm that treats commercial speech as speech of “lesser value.” Part II illustrates the most common forms of data collection and transmission. Part III locates these methods of data collection and transmission within the current commercial speech framework to conclude that qualified constitutional protection is the coherent tier of scrutiny that should apply. Part IV proposes policy recommendations that fit within the Court’s current approach to commercial speech and alternatives that would require a departure from the present doctrine.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 42 No. 1 (2019)
The Promises of Algorithmic Copyright Enforcement
Creators: name: Husovec, Martin
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2018

description: Under the prevailing model of copyright liability for user-generated content, right holders and intermediaries are both involved in the enforcement of exclusive rights on the Internet. While right holders are expected to identify and notify the infringing content that they wish to remove, the intermediaries have to react by assessing the received notices and taking appropriate action, including taking the information “down” from the service in case it is infringing. This “notice and takedown” system, championed by the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, became a model for many countries around the world. However, in the last few years, the right holders have begun to advocate for a fundamental re-design of the system. According to the number of initiatives, some of the right holders would prefer that intermediaries not only take down the notified content but also prevent its re-appearance in the future. This alternative model, often dubbed “notice and staydown,” is currently proposed by the European Commission as part of its upcoming copyright reform. If successful, it will constitute a huge change for the existing global online environment. This article scrutinizes the potential switch from notice and takedown policy (“NTD”) to notice and staydown policy (“NSD”) in order to answer two important questions: (1) What are the (economic) costs and benefits of two policy options and how do they compare? (2) Is NSD really superior in delivering better tools for automation? The overall goal of the paper is to offer general policy guidance for national or regional policymakers currently considering such policy change. This article concludes that algorithmic enforcement is inevitable and, under some conditions, socially desirable. First, high-quality automation of copyright enforcement that produces negligible enforcement errors offers many opportunities for improvement of the status quo and therefore should be embraced and incentivized. Second, to make such automation a reality, we need to push innovation in the right direction by conditioning acceptance of algorithmically generated notices upon their quality. Third, an enhanced notice and takedown framework can promote such automation better than notice and staydown. It provides for stronger market incentives for the development of new filtering technologies and allows area-by-area deployment as the technologies improve. Last, as a consequence, enhanced NTD can become a superior policy option from a social perspective. However, in order to realize these benefits, some changes to the NTD framework are required, too. These could take the form of standardized submission formats or interfaces for robo-notices that come with quality conditions and effective sanctions to enforce them.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 42 No. 1 (2019)
Minimum Radii of Super-Earths: Constraints from Giant Impacts
Creators: name: Marcus, Robert A.
name: Sasselov, Dimitar
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Stewart, Sarah T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detailed interior structure models of super-Earth planets show that there is degeneracy in the possible bulk compositions of a super-Earth at a given mass and radius, determined via radial velocity and transit measurements, respectively. In addition, the upper and lower envelopes in the mass--radius relationship, corresponding to pure ice planets and pure iron planets, respectively, are not astrophysically well motivated with regard to the physical processes involved in planet formation. Here we apply the results of numerical simulations of giant impacts to constrain the lower bound in the mass--radius diagram that could arise from collisional mantle stripping of differentiated rocky/iron planets. We provide a very conservative estimate for the minimum radius boundary for the entire mass range of large terrestrial planets. This envelope is a readily testable prediction for the population of planets to be discovered by the Kepler mission.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
The International Framework for the Protection of Authors
Creators: name: Ricketson, Sam
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2018

description: This Article is concerned with the international framework within which authors’ rights in their works are protected and exploited. It is not about brave new worlds that might exist outside or beyond this framework where rights and usages are reconceived and restructured on some totally new basis, but instead with what that framework presently allows and facilitates.1 The Article is therefore pragmatic in its approach, simultaneously seeking to expose the potential flexibilities and gaps within the international framework that may enable the realization of some, at least, of the objectives of those who would seek to reform and reformulate copyright laws. Indeed, it may be that there is a brave new world for the protection of authors’ rights that is embedded within the interstices of the present international framework just waiting to be uncovered and realized.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 41 No. 3 (2018)
Of Trolls, Orphans, and Abandoned Marks
Creators: name: Bone, Robert G.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2018

description: The question whether intellectual property (“IP”) rights should require use is a pressing one today. Neither patent nor copyright law formally requires that the IP owner actually use the patented invention or copyrighted work. Yet use would seem necessary for a work to reap the social benefits that justify granting exclusive rights. Trademark law does require use, but it sometimes protects marks even when mark owners have ceased using them. This messy state of affairs has come under considerable pressure in recent years. Critics condemn patent assertion entities, commonly known as patent trolls, for asserting patents that they do not commercialize or use themselves, and some of these critics advocate a general use requirement to handle the problem. In copyright, the problem of orphan works has become particularly salient with the rise of digital technology and user-generated content, and the optimal solution involves tricky questions bearing on use. Trademark law also exhibits confusion about use and nonuse in the area of trademark abandonment. In particular, courts have been unable to develop a coherent approach to abandonment by nonuse when the abandoned mark retains substantial residual goodwill. This Article breaks new ground by focusing on use from the perspective of the utilitarian and nonutilitarian theories that justify IP rights and by using this perspective to develop a general framework for analyzing questions of use and nonuse across patent, copyright, and trademark law. When the issues are examined at the normative level, it becomes clear that a general rule conditioning IP rights on use across-the-board is not desirable. Any use requirement should be tailored to the nature of the specific problems that nonuse creates. In keeping with this insight, the Article examines the patent troll, orphan work, and residual goodwill problems and proposes sensible solutions tailored to each.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 42 No. 1 (2019)
An Integrated Software-based Solution for Modular and Self-independent Networked Robot
Creators: name: Firmansyah, I.
name: Akbar, Z.
name: Hermanto, B.
name: Handoko, L. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An integrated software-based solution for a modular and self-independent networked robot is introduced. The wirelessly operatable robot has been developed mainly for autonomous monitoring works with full control over web. The integrated software solution covers three components : a) the digital signal processing unit for data retrieval and monitoring system; b) the externally executable codes for control system; and c) the web programming for interfacing the end-users with the robot. It is argued that this integrated software-based approach is crucial to realize a flexible, modular and low development cost mobile monitoring apparatus.
description: 9 pages, Proceeding of the 10th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision
Quasi light fields: extending the light field to coherent radiation
Creators: name: Accardi, Anthony
name: Wornell, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging technologies such as dynamic viewpoint generation are engineered for incoherent radiation using the traditional light field, and for coherent radiation using electromagnetic field theory. We present a model of coherent image formation that strikes a balance between the utility of the light field and the comprehensive predictive power of Maxwell's equations. We synthesize research in optics and signal processing to formulate, capture, and form images from quasi light fields, which extend the light field from incoherent to coherent radiation. Our coherent cameras generalize the classic beamforming algorithm in sensor array processing, and invite further research on alternative notions of image formation.
description: This paper was published in JOSA A. The final version is available on the OSA website: http://www.opticsinfobase.org/josaa/abstract.cfm?URI=josaa-26-9-2055