cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Removal of Spindly from microtubule-attached kinetochores controls spindle checkpoint silencing in human cells
Creators: name: Cleveland, D. W.
name: Salmon, E. D.
name: Civril, F.
name: Holland, A. J.
name: Gassmann, R.
name: Varma, D.
name: Desai, A.
name: Oegema, K.
name: Wan, X.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The spindle checkpoint generates a “wait anaphase” signal at unattached kinetochores to prevent premature anaphase onset. Kinetochore-localized dynein is thought to silence the checkpoint by transporting checkpoint proteins from microtubule-attached kinetochores to spindle poles. Throughout metazoans, dynein recruitment to kinetochores requires the protein Spindly. Here, we identify a conserved motif in Spindly that is essential for kinetochore targeting of dynein. Spindly motif mutants, expressed following depletion of endogenous Spindly, target normally to kinetochores but prevent dynein recruitment. Spindly depletion and Spindly motif mutants, despite their similar effects on kinetochore dynein, have opposite consequences on chromosome alignment and checkpoint silencing. Spindly depletion delays chromosome alignment, but Spindly motif mutants ameliorate this defect, indicating that Spindly has a dynein recruitment-independent role in alignment. In Spindly depletions, the checkpoint is silenced following delayed alignment by a kinetochore dynein-independent mechanism. In contrast, Spindly motif mutants are retained on microtubule-attached kinetochores along with checkpoint proteins, resulting in persistent checkpoint signaling. Thus, dynein-mediated removal of Spindly from microtubule-attached kinetochores, rather than poleward transport per se, is the critical reaction in checkpoint silencing. In the absence of Spindly, a second mechanism silences the checkpoint; this mechanism is likely evolutionarily ancient, as fungi and higher plants lack kinetochore dynein.
DOT1L regulates dystrophin expression and is critical for cardiac function
Creators: name: Li, J.
name: Kallin, E. M.
name: Wang, D.-Z.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Xiao, X.
name: Nguyen, A. T.
name: Xiao, B.
name: Neppl, R. L.
name: Chen, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Histone methylation plays an important role in regulating gene expression. One such methylation occurs at Lys 79 of histone H3 (H3K79) and is catalyzed by the yeast DOT1 (disruptor of telomeric silencing) and its mammalian homolog, DOT1L. Previous studies have demonstrated that germline disruption of Dot1L in mice resulted in embryonic lethality. Here we report that cardiac-specific knockout of Dot1L results in increased mortality rate with chamber dilation, increased cardiomyocyte cell death, systolic dysfunction, and conduction abnormalities. These phenotypes mimic those exhibited in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Mechanistic studies reveal that DOT1L performs its function in cardiomyocytes through regulating Dystrophin (Dmd) transcription and, consequently, stability of the Dystrophin–glycoprotein complex important for cardiomyocyte viability. Importantly, expression of a miniDmd can largely rescue the DCM phenotypes, indicating that Dmd is a major target mediating DOT1L function in cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, analysis of available gene expression data sets indicates that DOT1L is down-regulated in idiopathic DCM patient samples compared with normal controls. Therefore, our study not only establishes a critical role for DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation in cardiomyocyte function, but also reveals the mechanism underlying the role of DOT1L in DCM. In addition, our study may open new avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of human heart disease.
Modelling high-Mach-number rarefied crossflows past a flat plate using the maximum-entropy moment method
Creators: name: Boccelli, Stefano
name: Parodi, Pietro
name: Magin, Thierry E.
name: McDonald, James G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 10 and 14-moment maximum-entropy methods are applied to the study of high-Mach-number non-reacting crossflows past a flat plate at large degrees of rarefaction. The moment solutions are compared to particle-based kinetic solutions, showing a varying degree of accuracy. At a Knudsen number of 0.1, the 10-moment method is able to reproduce the shock layer, while it fails to predict the low-density wake region, due to the lack of a heat flux. Conversely, the 14-moment method results in accurate predictions of both regions. At a Knudsen number of 1, the 10-moment method produces unphysical results in both the shock layer and in the wake. The 14-moment method also shows a reduced accuracy, but manages to predict a reasonable shock region, free of unphysical sub-shocks, and in qualitative agreement with the kinetic solution. Accuracy is partially lost in the wake, where the 14-moment method predicts a thin unphysical high-density layer, concentrated on the centreline. An analysis of the velocity distribution functions (VDF) indicates strongly non-Maxwellian shapes, and the presence of distinct particle populations, in the wake, crossing each other at the centreline. The particle-based and the 14-moment method VDFs are in qualitative agreement.
Genome-wide analysis of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine distribution reveals its dual function in transcriptional regulation in mouse embryonic stem cells
Creators: name: Cui, K.
name: D'Alessio, A. C.
name: Ito, S.
name: Wu, H.
name: Zhao, K.
name: Wang, Z.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Sun, Y. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Recent studies have demonstrated that the Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family proteins can enzymatically convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). While 5mC has been studied extensively, little is known about the distribution and function of 5hmC. Here we present a genome-wide profile of 5hmC in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. A combined analysis of global 5hmC distribution and gene expression profile in wild-type and Tet1-depleted ES cells suggests that 5hmC is enriched at both gene bodies of actively transcribed genes and extended promoter regions of Polycomb-repressed developmental regulators. Thus, our study reveals the first genome-wide 5hmC distribution in pluripotent stem cells, and supports its dual function in regulating gene expression.
Natural Supersymmetry without Light Higgsinos
Creators: name: Cohen, Timothy
name: Kearney, John
name: Luty, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a mechanism that allows a large Higgsino mass without large fine-tuning. The Higgs is a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson (PNGB) of the global symmetry breaking pattern $SO(5) \to SO(4)$. Because of the PNGB nature of the light Higgs, the $SO(5)$ invariant Higgsino mass does not directly contribute to the Higgs mass. Large couplings in the Higgs sector that spontaneously breaks $SO(5)$ minimize the tuning, and are also motivated by the requirements of generating a sufficiently large Higgs quartic coupling and of maintaining a natural approximate global $SO(5)$ symmetry. When these conditions are imposed, theories of this type predict heavy Higgsinos. This construction differs from composite Higgs models in that no new particles are introduced to form complete $SO(5)$ multiplets involving the top quark---the stop is the only top partner. Compatibility with Higgs coupling measurements requires cancelations among contributions to the Higgs mass squared parameter at the 10% level. An important implication of this construction is that the compressed region of stop and sbottom searches can still be natural.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures; v2: references added
Mechanisms and functions of Tet protein-mediated 5-methylcytosine oxidation
Creators: name: Zhang, Y.
name: Wu, H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Ten-eleven translocation 1–3 (Tet1–3) proteins have recently been discovered in mammalian cells to be members of a family of DNA hydroxylases that possess enzymatic activity toward the methyl mark on the 5-position of cytosine (5-methylcytosine [5mC]), a well-characterized epigenetic modification that has essential roles in regulating gene expression and maintaining cellular identity. Tet proteins can convert 5mC into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) through three consecutive oxidation reactions. These modified bases may represent new epigenetic states in genomic DNA or intermediates in the process of DNA demethylation. Emerging biochemical, genetic, and functional evidence suggests that Tet proteins are crucial for diverse biological processes, including zygotic epigenetic reprogramming, pluripotent stem cell differentiation, hematopoiesis, and development of leukemia. Insights into how Tet proteins contribute to dynamic changes in DNA methylation and gene expression will greatly enhance our understanding of epigenetic regulation of normal development and human diseases.
miR-17 92 cooperates with RB pathway mutations to promote retinoblastoma
Creators: name: MacPherson, D.
name: Conkrite, K.
name: Hammond, S. M.
name: Sundby, M.
name: Mu, D.
name: Thomson, J. M.
name: Mukai, S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The miR-17∼92 cluster is a potent microRNA-encoding oncogene. Here, we show that miR-17∼92 synergizes with loss of Rb family members to promote retinoblastoma. We observed miR-17∼92 genomic amplifications in murine retinoblastoma and high expression of miR-17∼92 in human retinoblastoma. While miR-17∼92 was dispensable for mouse retinal development, miR-17∼92 overexpression, together with deletion of Rb and p107, led to rapid emergence of retinoblastoma with frequent metastasis to the brain. miR-17∼92 oncogenic function in retinoblastoma was not mediated by a miR-19/PTEN axis toward apoptosis suppression, as found in lymphoma/leukemia models. Instead, miR-17∼92 increased the proliferative capacity of Rb/p107-deficient retinal cells. We found that deletion of Rb family members led to compensatory up-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21Cip1. miR-17∼92 overexpression counteracted p21Cip1 up-regulation, promoted proliferation, and drove retinoblastoma formation. These results demonstrate that the oncogenic determinants of miR-17∼92 are context-specific and provide new insights into miR-17∼92 function as an RB-collaborating gene in cancer.
Observation of Fermi Arc Surface States in a Topological Metal: A New Type of 2D Electron Gas beyond Z2 Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Xu, Su-Yang
name: Liu, Chang
name: Kushwaha, Satya K.
name: Sankar, Raman
name: Krizan, Jason W.
name: Belopolski, Ilya
name: Neupane, Madhab
name: Bian, Guang
name: Alidoust, Nasser
name: Chang, Tay-Rong
name: Jeng, Horng-Tay
name: Huang, Cheng-Yi
name: Tsai, Wei-Feng
name: Lin, Hsin
name: Shibayev, Pavel P.
name: Chou, Fang-Cheng
name: Cava, Robert J.
name: Hasan, M. Zahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a topological insulator, it is the electrons on the surface or edge that carry the signature of topology. Recently, a novel topological state has been proposed in metals or semimetals (gapless) whose band-structure is similar to that of a three-dimensional analog of graphene. However, to this date the signature of its topology remains an open question. We report the experimental discovery of a pair of polarized Fermi arc surface state modes in the form of a new type of two-dimensional polarized electron gas on the surfaces of Dirac semimetals. These Fermi arc surface states (FASS) are observed to connect across an even number of bulk band gapless nodes and found to have their spin uniquely locked to their momentum. We show that these states are distinctly different from the topological surface states (TSS) seen in all known topological insulators. Our observed exotic two-dimensional states not only uncover the novel topology of gapless Dirac metals (such as sodium tribismuth Na$_3$Bi) but also opens new research frontiers for the utilization of topological Fermi arc electron gases for a wide range of fundamental physics and spintronic studies.
description: ScienceExpress (2014) adv.online, 18-Dec-2014; Related papers on the discovery of topological Fermi arcs and Weyl Semimetals (WSMs) are at http://physics.princeton.edu/zahidhasangroup/index_Lists.html
Spatial properties of the complex decameter type II burst observed on 31 May 2013
Creators: name: Dorovskyy, V. V.
name: Melnik, V. N.
name: Konovalenko, A. A.
name: Brazhenko, A. I.
name: Rucker, H. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of observations of complex powerful type II burst associated with narrow Earth-directed CME, which was ejected at around 11 UT on 31 May 2013. The observations were performed by radio telescope UTR-2, which operated as local interferometer, providing the possibility of detection of the spatial parameters of the radio emission source. There are also polarization data from URAN-2 radio telescope. The CME was detected by two space-born coronagraphs SOHO/LASCO/C2 and STEREO/COR1-BEHIND, and was absolutely invisible for STEREO-AHEAD spacecraft. The associated type II burst consisted of two successive parts of quite different appearance on the dynamic spectrum. The first burst was narrow in frequency, had cloudy structure and was completely unpolarized while the second one represented rich herring-bone structure and exposed high degree of circular polarization. Both parts of the whole event reveal band splitting and well distinguished harmonic structure. The positions and sizes of the sources of the type II burst were found using cross-correlation functions of interferometer bases. The sources of the type II bursts elements were found to be of about 15 arcmin in size in average, with the smallest ones reaching as low as 10 arcmin. Corresponding brightness temperatures were estimated. In most cases these temperatures were between $10^{11}$ and $10^{12}$ K with maximum value as high as $10^{14}$ K. The spatial displacement of the source was measured and model independent velocities of the type II burst sources were determined.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures,
miR-29b is activated during neuronal maturation and targets BH3-only genes to restrict apoptosis
Creators: name: Deshmukh, M.
name: Hammond, S. M.
name: Kole, A. J.
name: Swahari, V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The execution of apoptosis is critical for proper development of the nervous system. However, it is equally important that neurons strictly inhibit apoptosis after development to ensure their survival throughout the lifetime of the organism. Here we show that a microRNA, miR-29b, is markedly induced with neuronal maturation and functions as a novel inhibitor of neuronal apoptosis. The prosurvival function of miR-29b is mediated by targeting genes in the proapoptotic BH3-only family. Our results identify a unique strategy evolved by maturing neurons that uses a single microRNA to inhibit the multiple, redundant BH3-only proteins that are key initiators of apoptosis.
Enhanced removal of phosphate and nitrate from aqueous solution using novel modified natural clinoptilolite nanoparticles: process optimization and assessment
Creators: name: Shamshiri, Ali
name: Alimohammadi, Vahid
name: Sedighi, Mehdi
name: Jabbari, Ehsan
name: Mohammadi, Majid
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: The present study aims to purpose prediction models for the removal of nitrate and phosphate applyingclinoptilolite nanoparticles treated with basic (NaOH, NH3, NH4OH), salt (NaCl, KCl, AlCl3) and acidic (HNO3, H2SO4, C7H6O3, HCl) solutions from aqueous solutions. To investigate the physicochemical properties of natural and modified clinoptilolite, several methods were used including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer. Furthermore, the response surface methodology with central composite design analysis (RSM-CCD) was performed to optimise critical parameters, namely initial pH, adsorbent dosage and pollutants concentrate, which are shown in D/C ratio (adsorbent dosage per initial concentration of pollutant) [(mg)adsorbent/(mg/L)initial] for obtaining maximum removal. The results indicated that the most favourable removal of nitrate was 96.98% at pH = 5.77 and D/C = 31.64 by using adsorbent modified with H2SO4 and NaCl solution (Z13). To geta phosphate removal of 99.12%, the adsorbent Z13 was also the best under optimal conditions of pH = 6.39 and D/C = 88.75. The experimental data and the adsorption process were also analysed and the Sips isotherm model adapted to the two adsorptions of pollutants. The kinetic study including pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order were also investigated to find out the adsorption mechanism.
Randomized benchmarking of single qubit gates in a 2D array of neutral atom qubits
Creators: name: Xia, T.
name: Lichtman, M.
name: Maller, K.
name: Carr, A. W.
name: Piotrowicz, M. J.
name: Isenhower, L.
name: Saffman, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize single qubit Clifford gate operations with randomized benchmarking in a 2D array of neutral atom qubits, and demonstrate global and site selected gates with high fidelity. An average fidelity of $F^2=0.9983(14)$ is measured for global microwave driven gates applied to a 49 qubit array. Single site gates are implemented with a focused laser beam to Stark shift the microwaves into resonance at a selected site. At Stark selected single sites we observe $F^2=0.9923(7)$ and an average spin flip crosstalk error at other sites of $0.002(9)$.
description: 5 figures, supplemental material, minor revisions to text regarding fault tolerance
The diverse functions of Dot1 and H3K79 methylationanh
Creators: name: Zhang, Y.
name: Nguyen, A. T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: DOT1 (disruptor of telomeric silencing; also called Kmt4) was initially discovered in budding yeast in a genetic screen for genes whose deletion confers defects in telomeric silencing. Since the discovery ∼10 years ago that Dot1 and its mammalian homolog, DOT1L (DOT1-Like), possess histone methyltransferase activity toward histone H3 Lys 79, great progress has been made in characterizing their enzymatic activities and the role of Dot1/DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle regulation, and the DNA damage response. In addition, gene disruption in mice has revealed that mouse DOT1L plays an essential role in embryonic development, hematopoiesis, cardiac function, and the development of leukemia. The involvement of DOT1L enzymatic activity in leukemogenesis driven by a subset of MLL (mixed-lineage leukemia) fusion proteins raises the possibility of targeting DOT1L for therapeutic intervention.
Developing S-phase control
Creators: name: Duronio, R. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The duration of S phase in early embryos is often short, and then increases as development proceeds because of the appearance of late-replicating regions of the genome. In the April 1, 2012, issue of Genes & Development, Farrell and colleagues (pp. 714–725) demonstrate that the down-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) activity triggers the onset of late-replicating DNA and an increase in S-phase length in Drosophila embryos, revealing an unexpected role for Cdk1 in replication control during development.
Mesoporous activated carbon from grass waste via H3PO4-activation for methylene blue dye removal: modelling, optimisation, and mechanism study
Creators: name: Jawad, Ali H.
name: Hum, Nurul Nadiah Mohd Firdaus
name: Abdulhameed, Ahmed Saud
name: Ishak, Mohd Azlan Mohd
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The grass (G) biomass waste in this work was used as an alternative source for producing high-quality mesoporous activated carbon (AC) via H3PO4 activation.The developed G-based activated carbon by phosphoric (H3PO4) acid activation (GAC-PA) was characterised via various analytical techniques. The surface area property represents a high surface area (756.3 m2/g) and mesoporous structure (mean pore diameter of 11.3 nm) of GAC-PA. The adsorptive property of GAC-PA towards the methylene blue (MB) dye uptake was optimised via a response surface methodology with Box–Behnken design (RSM-BBD). The equilibrium adsorption fitted well with the Langmuir and Temkin isotherm models, and the qm value for the MB dye was 241.3 mg/g at 45°C. The MB dye adsorption mechanism on the GAC-PA surface indicates various dye–adsorbent interactions, such as electrostatic, π–π, and H-bonding. This study demonstrates the applicability of G waste as a promising candidate for developing desirable AC materials with high surface area and mesoporosity for cationic dye adsorption.
Schule bei Unfall und Krankheit. Gestaltung von Übergängen in Theorie und Praxis.
Creators: name: von Burg Black, Simone
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Masterarbeit
Unfall
Regelschulen

description: Im Kanton Zürich verunfallen oder erkranken jährlich mehrere Hundert Schülerinnen und Schüler der Volksschulstufe, so dass sie sich stationär in Spital-/Klinikpflege begeben müssen. Es gibt Situationen, in denen aus dem Spital entlassene Kinder über längere Zeit den Regelunterricht nicht wieder besuchen können. Die verantwortliche Schulbehörde ist dazu verpflichtet, Einzelunterricht zu prüfen und zu organisieren, mit dem Ziel, den aktuellen Lernstand zu erhalten und die Reintegration vorzubereiten. Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert die Situation in solchen Fällen im Kanton Zürich. Im theoretischen Teil werden relevante gesetzliche Grundlagen zusammengefasst und die Abläufe sowie die Zusammenarbeit der Beteiligten analysiert. Der forschungspraktische Teil ergänzt dieses Wissen durch Expert:innen-Interviews. Die Zusammenführung beider Teile zeigt die Herausforderungen auf und gibt Hinweise auf Optimierungsmöglichkeiten zum Beispiel durch den Einsatz von Case Management.
Monte Carlo simulations of alternative sky observation modes with the Cherenkov Telescope Array
Creators: name: Szanecki, M.
name: Sobczyńska, D.
name: Niedźwiecki, A.
name: Sitarek, J.
name: Bednarek, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate possible sky survey modes with the Middle Sized Telescopes (MST, aimed at covering the energy range from $\sim$100 GeV to 10 TeV) subsystem of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). We use the standard CTA tools, CORSIKA and sim_telarray, to simulate the development of gamma-ray showers, proton background and the telescope response. We perform simulations for the H.E.S.S.-site in Namibia, which is one of the candidate sites for the CTA experiment. We study two previously considered modes, parallel and divergent, and we propose a new, convergent mode with telescopes tilted toward the array center. For each mode we provide performance parameters crucial for choosing the most efficient survey strategy. For the non-parallel modes we study the dependence on the telescope offset angle. We show that use of both the divergent and convergent modes results in potential advantages in comparison with use of the parallel mode. The fastest source detection can be achieved in the divergent mode with larger offset angles ($\sim 6^{\circ}$ from the Field of View centre for the outermost telescopes), for which the time needed to perform a scan at a given sensitivity level is shorter by a factor of $\sim$2.3 than for the parallel mode. We note, however, the direction and energy reconstruction accuracy for the divergent mode is even by a factor of $\sim 2$ worse than for other modes. Furthermore, we find that at high energies and for observation directions close to the center of the array field of view, the best performance parameters are achieved with the convergent mode, which favors this mode for deep observations of sources with hard energy spectra.
description: 14 pages, two-column, 18 figures
Inhibition of  -KG-dependent histone and DNA demethylases by fumarate and succinate that are accumulated in mutations of FH and SDH tumor suppressors
Creators: name: Lin, H.
name: Zhu, H.
name: Yang, C.
name: Yang, H.
name: Liu, L.
name: Ma, S.
name: Xiao, M.
name: Zhao, S.
name: Guan, K.-L.
name: Ye, D.
name: Xu, W.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Xu, Y.
name: Xiong, Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Two Krebs cycle genes, fumarate hydratase (FH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), are mutated in a subset of human cancers, leading to accumulation of their substrates, fumarate and succinate, respectively. Here we demonstrate that fumarate and succinate are competitive inhibitors of multiple α-ketoglutarate (α-KG)-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases, prolyl hydroxylases, collagen prolyl-4-hydroxylases, and the TET (ten-eleven translocation) family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases. Knockdown of FH and SDH results in elevated intracellular levels of fumarate and succinate, respectively, which act as competitors of α-KG to broadly inhibit the activity of α-KG-dependent dioxygenases. In addition, ectopic expression of tumor-derived FH and SDH mutants inhibits histone demethylation and hydroxylation of 5mC. Our study suggests that tumor-derived FH and SDH mutations accumulate fumarate and succinate, leading to enzymatic inhibition of multiple α-KG-dependent dioxygenases and consequent alterations of genome-wide histone and DNA methylation. These epigenetic alterations associated with mutations of FH and SDH likely contribute to tumorigenesis.
How to bend galaxy disc profiles: the role of halo spin
Creators: name: Herpich, Jakob
name: Stinson, Gregory S.
name: Dutton, Aaron A.
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Martig, Marie
name: Roškar, Rok
name: Macciò, Andrea V.
name: Quinn, Thomas R.
name: Wadsley, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radial density profiles of stellar galaxy discs can be well approximated as an exponential. Compared to this canonical form, however, the profiles in the majority of disc galaxies show downward or upward breaks at large radii. Currently, there is no coherent explanation in a galaxy formation context of the radial profile per se, along with the two types of profile breaks. Using a set of controlled hydrodynamic simulations of disc galaxy formation, we find a correlation between the host halo's initial angular momentum and the resulting radial profile of the stellar disc: galaxies that live in haloes with a low spin parameter λ
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, adapted to the published version in MNRAS-L
Supplementary document for On-axis phase-shifting correlation holography with un-polarized light - 6029743.pdf
Creators: name: SARKAR, TUSHAR
name: CHANDRA, SOURAV
name: TIWARI, VIPIN
name: Singh, Nandan
name: Das, Bhargab
name: Singh, Rakesh
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement
Neutrino-driven supernova of a low-mass iron-core progenitor boosted by three-dimensional turbulent convection
Creators: name: Melson, Tobias
name: Janka, Hans-Thomas
name: Marek, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first successful simulation of a neutrino-driven supernova explosion in three dimensions (3D), using the Prometheus-Vertex code with an axis-free Yin-Yang grid and a sophisticated treatment of three-flavor, energy-dependent neutrino transport. The progenitor is a nonrotating, zero-metallicity 9.6 Msun star with an iron core. While in spherical symmetry outward shock acceleration sets in later than 300 ms after bounce, a successful explosion starts at ~130 ms postbounce in two dimensions (2D). The 3D model explodes at about the same time but with faster shock expansion than in 2D and a more quickly increasing and roughly 10 percent higher explosion energy of >10^50 erg. The more favorable explosion conditions in 3D are explained by lower temperatures and thus reduced neutrino emission in the cooling layer below the gain radius. This moves the gain radius inward and leads to a bigger mass in the gain layer, whose larger recombination energy boosts the explosion energy in 3D. These differences are caused by less coherent, less massive, and less rapid convective downdrafts associated with postshock convection in 3D. The less violent impact of these accretion downflows in the cooling layer produces less shock heating and therefore diminishes energy losses by neutrino emission. We thus have, for the first time, identified a reduced mass accretion rate, lower infall velocities, and a smaller surface filling factor of convective downdrafts as consequences of 3D postshock turbulence that facilitate neutrino-driven explosions and strengthen them compared to the 2D case.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures; revised version with more discussion of resolution dependence and differences to other 3D results; accepted by ApJL
Smarandache curves of some special curves in the Galilean
Creators: name: Abdel-Aziz, H. S.
name: Saad, M. Khalifa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51B20, 53A35

description: In the present paper, we consider a position vector of an arbitrary curve in the three-dimensional Galilean 3-space. Furthermore, we give some conditions on the curvatures of this arbitrary curve to study special curves and their Smarandache curves. Finally, in the light of this study, some related examples of these curves are provided and plotted
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Optimisation of size-exclusion chromatography with diode array detector for aquatic organic matter profiling using design of experiments: application to tropical reservoirs
Creators: name: Hincapié–Upegui, Diego
name: Pemberthy, Diana M.
name: Peñuela, Gustavo A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Computational Biology

description: In this article, a size-exclusion chromatography with diode array detector (HPSEC-DAD) method was developed to determine the molecular weight distribution of natural aquatic organic matter. First, a variable screening was performed using sodium polystyrene sulphonate (PSS) standards, verifying the significant effects of ionic strength and flow rate of the mobile phase and the injection volume on resolution and final retention time. The method was then optimised using a Box – Behnken design (BBD), obtaining optimal values of 60 mM (ionic strength), 70 μL (injection volume) and 1.2 mL/min (flow rate). The process was repeated with the same design, using natural water as analyte and introducing peak area as a response, achieving optimum values of 30 mM (ionic strength), 60 μL (injection volume) and 1.17 mL/min (flow rate). In view of this discrepancy, the results of both optimal methods, using standard humic acid, were compared with the results reported in the literature, resulting in lower relative errors with the PSS method than with the natural water method. Under PSS method conditions, different samples of natural water were analysed, and it was possible to distinguish between the molecular weight profiles of organic matter coming from different environments.
Ontological Representations of Relations Between Digital and Physical Artifacts in Manufacturing Domain
Creators: name: Dušan Šormaz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ontology
standard
data management
global workshop
ontology commons ecosystem
FAIR

description: The poster evaluated four approaches for representing various kinds of digital artifacts and applies them to a simplified example for comparison. The approaches covered in this evaluation are: ❖ Modal Relation Ontology (MRO) ❖ Information Content Entity (ICE) ❖ Representation/Specification (R/S) ❖ Counterpart Relation (CR) Evaluation was completed as an initial phase of an ongoing project which aims to advance semantic interpretation of digital artifacts.
Novel 3' ends that support translation
Creators: name: Marzluff, W. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The 3′ ends of two large noncoding RNAs, MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) and MEN β, are formed by cleavage by RNase P and are capped but not polyadenylated. In the November 1, 2012, issue of Genes & Development, Wilusz and colleagues (pp. 2392–2407) show that when these 3′ ends are formed on a GFP reporter, the resulting mRNA is exported to the cytoplasm and translated. The 3′ end forms a novel triple-helical structure that supports export and translation as well as a poly(A) tail does.
Supplementary document for Two-Tier Manipulation of Holographic Information - 5802437.pdf
Creators: name: Yan, Libin
name: Xiao, Jianling
name: Plaskocinski, Tomasz
name: Biabanifard, Mohammad
name: Persheyev, Saydulla
name: Askari, Meisam
name: Di Falco, Andrea
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document
Magnetite-molecularly imprinted polymer based highly sensitive chromatographic method for preconcentration and determination of pirimicarb
Creators: name: Ilktaç, Raif
name: Gümüş, Zinar Pınar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Pesticides are harmful compounds even in trace levels for human health, so the importance of determination of these compounds is increasing day by day. Magnetite-molecularly imprinted polymer and high resolution liquid chromatography has been combined for the preconcentration and sensitive and selective determination of trace levels of pirimicarb. The developed method appeared to be rapid since the total procedure for detection of pirimicarb can be completed within one hour. The magnetic polymer is reusable and the same polymer can be used at least ten cycles for detection of pirimicarb. Limit of detection (LOD) of the method was found to be 1.60 µg L−1 within the linear range of 7.5–250 µg L−1. Proposed method has been applied to water and apple samples and quantitative recovery values were obtained. The proposed method appeared to be suitable for both preconcentration and determination of trace levels of pirimicarb by combining the selectivity of the reusable imprinted polymer with the high sensitivity of liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Magnetite-molecularly imprinted polymer combined with high resolution chromatography has been used for the first time for the determination of pirimicarb.
VLBI analysis of a potential high-energy neutrino emitter blazar, CTD74
Creators: name: Kőmíves, Janka
name: Gabányi, Krisztina É.
name: Frey, Sándor
name: Kun, Emma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: blazar
neutrino astrophysics
VLBI

description: Recent studies suggest that high-energy neutrinos can be produced in the jets of blazars, radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGN) with jets pointing close to the line of sight. Follow-up of possible high-energy neutrino counterpart objects is essential in the electromagnetic regime due to the relatively poor angular resolution of current neutrino detectors. Since the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) technique provides the highest angular resolution to study the radio jets of blazars, a growing number of investigations are conducted to connect individual blazars to given high-energy neutrino events. We analysed more than 20 years of available archival VLBI data of the blazar CTD 74, which has been listed as a possible counterpart of the neutrino event EHEA2012-05-23. Using cm-wavelength data, we studied the apparent speed of jet components, and we investigated the jet structure and core flux density before and after the neutrino event. Our results indicate a significant brightening of the core after the neutrino event.
title: Gesellschaftspolitische Risikobewertung als eine Grundlage von Entscheidungsfindungsprozessen in der Raumplanung an einem ausgewählten Beispiel im alpinen Raum
Creators: name: Obholzer, Bernhard Michael
Year: 2023

description: In alpinen Regionen stehen aufgrund der Topographie Dauersiedlungsräume nur zu einem kleinen Teil der Gesamtfläche zur Verfügung. Als Dauersiedlungsraum gelten Flächen, die ganzjährig infrastrukturell versorgt und bewohnt werden können. Durch die Wahrnehmung, dass Naturgefahren vermehrt auftreten, kommt der risikoorientierten Raumplanung besonders in diesen alpinen Regionen eine immer größere Bedeutung zu. Doch neben den Naturgefahren, die den Dauersiedlungsraum bedrohen, können zunehmend auch gesellschaftspolitische Problemstellungen festgestellt werden, welche sich in sozialen Prozessen ausdrücken. Das ist besonders in der touristischen Entwicklung zu erkennen. Touristische Investorenmodelle, wie zum Beispiel Buy-to-let Modelle, können soziale Beziehungen in touristischen Gemeinden beeinflussen. Dieser Einfluss ist in der Beurteilung von raumplanerischen Maßnahmen bisher nur ungenügend abgebildet. Daher wird in dieser Arbeit vorgeschlagen, einen gesellschaftspolitischen Risikoansatz in den Entscheidungsfindungsprozess der Raumplanung zu integrieren. Dafür wird ein gesellschaftspolitisches Risikobewertungsmodell entwickelt, das sich von der Theorie der Verteilungsgerechtigkeit ableitet. Diese Theorie bildet die Basis für eine politische Dimension der räumlichen Gerechtigkeit.
description: In alpine regions, permanent settlement areas are only available for a small part of the total area due to the topography. Permanent settlement areas are areas that can be supplied with infrastructure and inhabited all year round. Due to the perception that natural hazards are occurring more frequently, risk-oriented spatial planning is becoming increasingly important, especially in these alpine regions. However, in addition to the natural hazards that threaten the permanent settlement area, socio-political problems arise, which are expressed in social processes. This is particularly evident in tourism development. Tourist investor models, such as buy-to-let models, can influence social relations in tourist communities. This influence has been insufficiently represented so far in the assessment of spatial planning measures. Therefore, this paper proposes to integrate a socio-political risk approach into the decision- making process of spatial planning. For this purpose, a socio-political risk assessment model is developed based on the theory of distributive justice. This theory forms the basis for a political dimension of spatial justice.
Equational axioms associated with finite automata for fixed point operations in cartesian categories
Creators: name: Esik, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.2
subject: 18C10, 68Q55, 68Q65

description: The axioms of iteration theories, or iteration categories, capture the equational properties of fixed point operations in several computationally significant categories. Iteration categories may be axiomatized by the Conway identities and identities associated with finite automata. We show that in conjunction with the Conway identities, each identity associated with a finite automaton implies the identity associated with any input extension of the automaton. We conclude that the Conway identities and the identities associated with the members of a subclass $\cQ$ of finite automata is complete for iteration categories iff for every finite simple group $G$ there is an automaton $\bQ \in \cQ$ such that $G$ is a quotient of a group in the monoid $M(\bQ)$ of the automaton $\bQ$. We also prove a stronger result that concerns identities associated with finite automata with a distinguished initial state.
description: Accepted for publication in MSCS
Saagar Shaikh Interview
Creators: name: Institute For Diversity & Civic Life
name: Department Of Religious Studies
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Religions Texas
9/11
Actors
Arts
CA - Los Angeles
Community
Discrimination
Diversity and inclusivity
Family dynamics
First-generation Americans
Islamophobia
Ms. Marvel (TV series)
Muslims
Northwest Vista College
Pakistani-Americans
Racism
Sunnis
Texas
The University of Texas at San Antonio
TX - Alief
TX - Houston
TX - San Antonio

description: This interview is with Saagar Shaikh, an actor living in Los Angeles, CA. Saagar talks about growing up as a Pakistani Muslim in Alief and San Antonio and describes the differences between those communities during his childhood. He describes his career path, including his decision to become an actor and the ups and downs of finding his place in the industry. Saagar goes on to talk about his recent role as Aamir Khan in Disney’s Ms. Marvel series. He shares about a day in the life, favorite scenes and memories, and what the role means to him.
Imposing nonlocal boundary conditions in Galerkin-type methods based on non-interpolatory functions
Creators: name: Sajavičius, Svajūnas
name: Takacs, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The imposition of inhomogeneous Dirichlet (essential) boundary conditions is a fundamental challenge in the application of Galerkin-type methods based on non-interpolatory functions, i.e., functions which do not possess the Kronecker delta property. Such functions typically are used in various meshfree methods, as well as methods based on the isogeometric paradigm. The present paper analyses a model problem consisting of the Poisson equation subject to non-standard boundary conditions. Namely, instead of classical boundary conditions, the model problem involves Dirichlet- and Neumann-type nonlocal boundary conditions. Variational formulations with strongly and weakly imposed inhomogeneous Dirichlet-type nonlocal conditions are derived and compared within an extensive numerical study in the isogeometric framework based on non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS). The attention in the numerical study is paid mainly to the influence of the nonlocal boundary conditions on the properties of the considered discretisation methods.
Moureen Kaki Interview
Creators: name: Institute For Diversity & Civic Life
name: Department Of Religious Studies
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Religions Texas
Activism
Boycott, divest, and sanction [BDS]
Colonialism
Discrimination
Family dynamics
First-generation Americans
Islam
Islamophobia
Israeli-Palestinian conflict
Jewish Voice for Peace [JVP]
Millennials
Organizers
Palestine
Palestine solidarity
Palestinian-Americans
Prejudice
Racism
Religious nones
Texas
The University of Texas at San Antonio
TX - San Antonio

description: This interview is with Moureen Kaki, a Palestine solidarity activist with Jewish Voice for Peace in San Antonio, TX. Moureen describes her experiences of seeing the ills of settler-colonialism in Palestine first-hand, and how that direct exposure as a Palestinian-American has catalyzed her work. She talks about the politicization of her identity as a Palestinian, and of Muslim identities as well, and how she has felt uncomfortable sharing her identity and culture with others at different points in her life. Moureen also discusses misconceptions she would like to clear up about Palestinian solidarity and the nature of the conflict.
Multivalent histone engagement by the linked tandem Tudor and PHD domains of UHRF1 is required for the epigenetic inheritance of DNA methylation
Creators: name: Ong, M. S.
name: Dickson, B. M.
name: Kireev, D. B.
name: Strahl, B. D.
name: Arrowsmith, C. H.
name: Houliston, S.
name: Rothbart, S. B.
name: Krajewski, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Histone post-translational modifications regulate chromatin structure and function largely through interactions with effector proteins that often contain multiple histone-binding domains. While significant progress has been made characterizing individual effector domains, the role of paired domains and how they function in a combinatorial fashion within chromatin are poorly defined. Here we show that the linked tandem Tudor and plant homeodomain (PHD) of UHRF1 (ubiquitin-like PHD and RING finger domain-containing protein 1) operates as a functional unit in cells, providing a defined combinatorial readout of a heterochromatin signature within a single histone H3 tail that is essential for UHRF1-directed epigenetic inheritance of DNA methylation. These findings provide critical support for the “histone code” hypothesis, demonstrating that multivalent histone engagement plays a key role in driving a fundamental downstream biological event in chromatin.