cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Senses of place among young people entrenched in a "local" drug scene : an urban ethnography
Creators: name: Fast, Danya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: In the public imagination, street youth are frequently defined through their relationships with place. Whether because they are viewed as innocent victims or violent criminals, young people who are homeless, destitute and visibly addicted to drugs are often understood to be out-of-place in the public spaces of city centers. This thesis is based on ethnographic fieldwork with a group of street-entrenched youth in Greater Vancouver conducted from January 2008 to January 2013. It included the creation of photography by youth exploring their sense of place in the city over time. Merging phenomenological perspectives on place-making with a focus on the processes of political economy and power that make some place worlds more enduring than others, I demonstrate that sense of place among youth who occupy the margins of urban space is far more complicated than conventional understandings imply. My findings reveal that, among youth, the “local” drug scene was produced in tension with a broader social spatial landscape of power, political economy and possibility, in which various remembered and imagined places were also implicated. In the context of this wider landscape-in-motion, involvement in Vancouver’s inner city drug scene could be articulated as both a sense of belonging and dislocation, “being in the center of something” and “getting lost in the city.” The drug scene could be a frontier of economic opportunity, in which anyone could attempt to stake a claim through activities like street-based drug dealing. And, it could be the site of a strictly enforced moral logic of violence and organized crime. The overarching objective of this thesis is to characterize these complex understandings, experiences and affects, and how they intersected with the regimes of living youth enacted on the streets. I conclude by highlighting that in order to meaningfully address youth’s initiation into and sustained involvement in “risky” forms of drug use and crime in settings like Vancouver, intervention at the level of policy is urgently needed in order to address social suffering across young people’s lives, and the wider geographies they implicate.
Moduli spaces of polarized irreducible symplectic manifolds are not necessarily connected
Creators: name: Apostolov, Apostol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the moduli space of polarized irreducible symplectic manifolds of $K3^{[n]}$-type, of fixed polarization type, is not always connected. This can be derived as a consequence of Eyal Markman's characterization of polarized parallel-transport operators of $K3^{[n]}$-type.
description: 17 pages, minor changes following referee's comments
title: Canada Safe Imaging Survey on Awareness of the Bonn Call for Action in Canada: An analysis of trends.
Creators: name: Paramalingam, Rameiya
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Radiation safety
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Action 5 - Performance indicators for radiation protection management

description: Background/introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and recommendations Personal/organisational information References
description: Background/introduction: In Canada, computer tomography (CT) accounts for the majority amount of radiation received by patients from any imaging modality 1 , and has increased in use by 75% over the last 10 years. 2 Radiology exams, such as CT, can have dose-dependent...
Combining global feedforward and glocal feedback control of large deformable mirrors
Creators: name: Ruppel, Thomas
name: Sawodny, Oliver
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the AO4ELT2 conference (Publisher: ONERA; Editors: J.-P. Véran, Y. Clénet, T. Fusco)
Year: 2011
Subjects: ADAPTIVE OPTICS
EXTREMELY LARGE TELESCOPES
PATHFINDERS
INSTRUMENTS
WAVEFRONT CORRECTORS
WAVEFRONT SENSING
LASER GUIDE STAR SYSTEMS
ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE
REAL-TIME CONTROL
MODELING
POST-PROCESSING

description: In this paper, a novel method for designing a model-based two-degree-of-freedom control
structure for high speed position control of large deformable mirrors with voice coil actuators is
presented. Both global feedforward and glocal (decentralized accounting for global dynamics) feedback
control is included allowing for separately designing tracking performance and disturbance rejection.
The model-based controller can be derived from either an analytical or a numerical dynamical model
of the deformable mirror. The feedback controller is designed as a global linear quadratic regulator.
By choosing the weighting matrices for the feedback controller in a specific way, the resulting global
feedback law degenerates into multiple local feedback laws guaranteeing global stability. The local
feedback laws only need limited information about surrounding actuators and comply with available
computing power. As an example, a model-based two-degree-of-freedom control structure is derived for
the Large Binoculare Telescope adaptive secondary mirror geometry with 672 actuators and sensors
and simulation results are given.
ETKF
Creators: name: GRAY, Morgan
name: LE ROUX, Brice
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the AO4ELT2 conference (Publisher: ONERA; Editors: J.-P. Véran, Y. Clénet, T. Fusco)
Year: 2011
Subjects: ADAPTIVE OPTICS
EXTREMELY LARGE TELESCOPES
PATHFINDERS
INSTRUMENTS
WAVEFRONT CORRECTORS
WAVEFRONT SENSING
LASER GUIDE STAR SYSTEMS
ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE
REAL-TIME CONTROL
MODELING
POST-PROCESSING

description: Optimal control laws for new Adaptive Optics concepts (wide field tomographic AO) require the
implementation of techniques intended for real time identification of the atmospheric turbulence. The Kalman
Filter based control law enables estimation and prediction of the turbulent phase from the measurements and
corrects efficiently the different modes of this phase on the basis used for the factorization. But using such kind of
processes (within the frame of an AO system for any ELT class telescope) will be extremely difficult because of the
numerical complexity of the computations involved in thematrices calculations (especially the Kalman gain which
is obtained by solving the Riccati equation) as well as the recording of large covariance matrices.We will propose
a new method developed for geophysics and meteorology applications which allows to dramatically reduce the
computation burden while allowing to deal with dynamic (non stationary) behaviors of turbulence parameters.
We briefly present a first approach: the Ensemble Kalman Filter and some drawbacks of this statistical method.
Then an extension of this approach, the Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter is analyzed. A basic theoretical
formulation is given and several advantages are pointed out, especially the possibility of using a non stationary
model combined with distributed parallel environment implementation in the context of an ELT application. First
simulations results are presented in the case of zonal Single Conjugate Adaptive Optics.
“The Devices Themselves Aren’t the Problem”—Views of Patients and Their Relatives on Medical Technical Aid Supply in Home Mechanical Ventilation: An Explorative Qualitative Study
Creators: name: Ewers, Michael
name: Lehmann, Yvonne
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: home mechanical ventilation
subject: technical aid supply
subject: patient views
subject: patient education
subject: qualitative study
subject: home care
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: (1) The supply of medical technical aids and the instructions on using them is critical for home-mechanically ventilated patients and their relatives. However, limited evidence exists on the needs-based nature of this care. (2) Aim: To gain insights into users' views on this form of care, to identify key challenges, and to derive empirically sound preliminary recommendations for its future design. (3) Methods: An explorative qualitative interview study was performed in Germany. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with home-mechanically ventilated patients and their relatives. Patients were selected through purposive sampling. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed using a content analysis approach. (3) Results: 27 patients and 9 relatives were interviewed. From their point of view, ventilation-specific equipment is generally reliable and is seen as a belonging of the patient. However, if the patient lacks competence in using the technology or if information or instructions are neglected, ambiguous and unsafe situations easily arise. (4) Conclusions: The present study is one of the first to provide insights into technical aid supply in home-mechanical ventilation from the users' point of view. It highlights the need for continuous professional support and for evidence-based educational strategies that promote safety among the users of technical aids in home care.
title: Japan Safe Radiology 2019
Creators: name: Kakinada, Daisuke
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Action 2 - Clinical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs)
subject: Action 3 - Image quality assessment based on clinical indications
subject: Action 4 - Dose management systems
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Safety
subject: Quality assurance

description: Background/introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and recommendations Personal/organisational information References
description: Background/introduction: Diagnostic imaging has progressed very quickly and has contributed greatly to clinical medicine. Large-sized medical imaging systems including CT and MRI have become common in Japan, and patients can undergo such examinations across the...
Antiretroviral adherence and prescribed cannabis use in a population of people living with HIV/AIDS
Creators: name: Slawson, Gregory
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Abstract Background: Cannabis is increasingly prescribed clinically and utilized by people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) to address symptoms of HIV disease and to manage side effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART). In light of concerns about the possible deleterious effect of psychoactive drug use on adherence to ART, we sought to determine the relationship between high-intensity cannabis use and adherence to ART among a community-recruited cohort of HIV-positive illicit drug users. In order to identify which PLWHA are accessing prescription cannabis, we also examined prevalence and correlates of those receiving a prescription for cannabis in the past six months. Methods: We used data from the ACCESS study, an ongoing prospective cohort study of HIV-seropositive illicit drug users linked to comprehensive ART dispensation records in a setting of universal no-cost HIV care. We estimated the relationship between at least daily cannabis use in the last six months, measured longitudinally, and the likelihood of optimal adherence to ART during the same period, using a multivariate linear mixed-effects model accounting for relevant socio-demographic, behavioral, clinical and structural factors. Using a cross-sectional design and bivariate statistical methods we also examined the prevalence and correlates of prescribed cannabis. Results: From May 2005 to May 2012, 523 HIV-positive illicit drug users were recruited and contributed 1215 person-years of observation. At baseline, 121 (23.1%) participants reported at least daily cannabis use. In bivariate and multivariate analyses, we did not observe an association between using cannabis at least daily and optimal adherence to prescribed ART (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 1.12, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: 0.76 – 1.64, p-value = 0.555). From November 2011 to December 2012, 519 HIV-positive illicit drug users were surveyed, and in cross-sectional analysis, 81 (15.6%) individuals reported receiving a prescription for cannabis in the past 6 months. We found no significant differences among those who were and were not prescribed cannabis. Conclusions: High-intensity cannabis use was not associated with adherence to ART. A number of PLWHA report receiving a prescription for cannabis use. These findings suggest cannabis continues to be utilized by PLWHA for medicinal and recreational purposes without compromising effective adherence to ART.
Open-loop Tomography using Artificial Nueral Networks
Creators: name: Osborn, James
name: Javier De Cos Juez, Francisco
name: Guzman, Dani
name: Butterley, Timothy
name: Myers, Richard
name: Guesalaga, Andres
name: Laine, Jesus
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the AO4ELT2 conference (Publisher: ONERA; Editors: J.-P. Véran, Y. Clénet, T. Fusco)
Year: 2011
Subjects: ADAPTIVE OPTICS
EXTREMELY LARGE TELESCOPES
PATHFINDERS
INSTRUMENTS
WAVEFRONT CORRECTORS
WAVEFRONT SENSING
LASER GUIDE STAR SYSTEMS
ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE
REAL-TIME CONTROL
MODELING
POST-PROCESSING

description: The next generation of adaptive optics (AO) systems require tomographic techniques in order to correct
for atmospheric turbulence along lines of sight separated from the guide stars. Multi-object adaptive optics
(MOAO) is one such technique. Here, we present a method which uses an artificial neural network (ANN) to
reconstruct the target phase given off-axis references sources. This method does not require any input of the turbulence
profile and is therefore less susceptible to changing conditions than some existing methods. We compare
our ANN method with a standard least squares type matrix multiplication method (MVM) in simulation and find
that the tomographic error is similar to the MVM method. In changing conditions the tomographic error increases
for MVM but remains constant with the ANN model and no large matrix inversions are required.
title: Robustness of local clinical DRLs for CT scanner examinations in a multicenter setting compared to the new Swiss national DRLs
Creators: name: Brat, Hugues
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Abdomen
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Action 6 - Clinical audit tool for imaging
subject: Action 3 - Image quality assessment based on clinical indications
subject: Action 2 - Clinical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs)

description: Background/introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and recommendations Personal/organisational information References
description: Background/introduction: " Diagnostic reference level " (DRL): introduced in 1996 by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) (1), updated in 2017 with recommendations on DRLs in medical imaging and clarification issues related to definitions of the...
Non-equilibrium dynamic critical scaling of the quantum Ising chain
Creators: name: Kolodrubetz, Michael
name: Clark, Bryan K.
name: Huse, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve for the time-dependent finite-size scaling functions of the 1D transverse-field Ising chain during a linear-in-time ramp of the field through the quantum critical point. We then simulate Mott-insulating bosons in a tilted potential, an experimentally-studied system in the same equilibrium universality class, and demonstrate that universality holds for the dynamics as well. We find qualitatively athermal features of the scaling functions, such as negative spin correlations, and show that they should be robustly observable within present cold atom experiments.
description: 4 pages + 2 page supplement
Warped Self-Gravitating U(1) Gauge Cosmic Strings in 5D
Creators: name: Slagter, R. J.
name: Masselink, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the "classical" Nielsen-Olesen vortex solution on a warped five dimensional space time, where we solved the effective four-dimensional equations from the five-dimensional equations together with the junction and boundary conditions. Four dimensional cosmic strings show some serious problems concerning the mechanism of string smoothing related to the string mass per unit length, $Gμ\leq 10^{-6}$. Moreover, there is no observational evidence of axially symmetric lensing effect caused by cosmic strings. Also super-massive cosmic strings ($Gμ\gtrsim 1$), predicted by superstring theory, possess some problems. They are studied because the universe may have undergone phase transitions at scales much higher than the GUT scale. But $Gμ\gtrsim 1$ is far above observational bounds, so one needs an inflationary scenario to smooth them out. Further, it is believed that these super-massive strings could never have extended to macroscopic size. Brane-world models could overcome these problems. $Gμ$ could be warped down to GUT scale, even if its value was at the Planck scale. In our warped cosmic string model, where the string mass per unit length in the bulk can be of order of the Planck scale, we find that the four dimensional brane space time is exponential warped down. Moreover, asymptotically the induced four dimensional space time doesn't show conical behavior. So there is no angle deficit compared to its value in the bulk and the space time seems to be un-physical, at least under fairly weak assumptions on the stress-energy tensor and without a positive brane tension. The results are confirmed by numerical solutions of the field equations.
description: 27 figures . july 2012: final version. To appear in IJMPD
Microscopic coexistence of superconductivity and antiferromagnetism in underdoped Ba(Fe1-xRux)2As2
Creators: name: Ma, Long
name: Ji, G. F.
name: Dai, Jia
name: Lu, X. R.
name: Eom, M. J.
name: Kim, J. S.
name: Normand, B.
name: Yu, Weiqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use $^{75}$As nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to investigate the local electronic properties of Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Ru$_{x}$)$_2$As$_2$ ($x =$ 0.23). We find two phase transitions, to antiferromagnetism at $T_N \approx$ 60 K and to superconductivity at $T_C \approx$ 15 K. Below $T_N$, our data show that the system is fully magnetic, with a commensurate antiferromagnetic structure and a moment of 0.4 $μ_B$/Fe. The spin-lattice relaxation rate $1/^{75}T_1$ is large in the magnetic state, indicating a high density of itinerant electrons induced by Ru doping. On cooling below $T_C$, $1/^{75}T_1$ on the magnetic sites falls sharply, providing unambiguous evidence for the microscopic coexistence of antiferromagnetism and superconductivity.
description: Accepted in Phys. Rev. Lett
From simplicial Chern-Simons theory to the shadow invariant I
Creators: name: Hahn, Atle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 57M27, 81T08, 81T45

description: This is the first of a series of papers in which we introduce and study a rigorous "simplicial" realization of the non-Abelian Chern-Simons path integral for manifolds M of the form M = Sigma x S1 and arbitrary simply-connected compact structure groups G. More precisely, we introduce, for general links L in M, a rigorous simplicial version WLO_{rig}(L) of the corresponding Wilson loop observable WLO(L) in the so-called "torus gauge" by Blau and Thompson (Nucl. Phys. B408(2):345-390, 1993). For a simple class of links L we then evaluate WLO_{rig}(L) explicitly in a non-perturbative way, finding agreement with Turaev's shadow invariant |L|.
description: 56 pages, 11 figures. Some minor changes and corrections have been made
title: Influence of BMI on clinical DRLs for CT examinations: a prospective multicenter study after protocol harmonization and optimization.
Creators: name: Brat, Hugues
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Action 2 - Clinical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs)
subject: Action 3 - Image quality assessment based on clinical indications
subject: Action 6 - Clinical audit tool for imaging
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Abdomen
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Quality assurance

description: Background/introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and recommendations Personal/organisational information References
description: Background/introduction: A. "Diagnostic reference level" (DRL): Definitions introduced in 1996 by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) (1), updated in 2017 regarding recommendations on DRLs in medical imaging and clarification issues related to...
MOAO Real-Time LQG implementation on CANARY
Creators: name: Sivo, G.
name: Kulcsar, C.
name: Raynaud, H.-F.
name: Conan, J.-M.
name: Gendron, E.
name: Vidal, F.
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the AO4ELT2 conference (Publisher: ONERA; Editors: J.-P. Véran, Y. Clénet, T. Fusco)
Year: 2011
Subjects: ADAPTIVE OPTICS
EXTREMELY LARGE TELESCOPES
PATHFINDERS
INSTRUMENTS
WAVEFRONT CORRECTORS
WAVEFRONT SENSING
LASER GUIDE STAR SYSTEMS
ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE
REAL-TIME CONTROL
MODELING
POST-PROCESSING

description: Single Conjugated Adaptive Optics is a proven technique used in order to correct the effect of atmospheric
turbulence and telescope vibrations. The corrected field of view (FoV) is however limited by the anisoplanatism
effect. Many concepts of Wide Field AO (WFAO) systems are under study, especially for the design of
Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs) instruments. Multi-Object Adaptive Optics (MOAO) is one of these WFAO
concepts that is particularly suited for high redshifts galaxies observations in very wide FoV. The E-ELT instrument
EAGLE will use this approach. CANARY, the on-sky pathfinder for MOAO, obtained the first compensated
images on Natural Guide Stars (NGSs) at the William Herschel Telescope in September 2010. The control and
performance optimization of such complex system are a key issue. Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control is
an appealing strategy that provides optimal control for an explicit minimum variance performance criterion. It
also provides a unified formalism that allows accounting for specific multi WF Sensing (WFS) channels, both
for Laser Guide Stars (LGSs) and NGSs, and for various disturbance sources (turbulence, vibrations). Furthermore,
preliminary simulation results suggest that performance can be significantly improved with tomographic
LQG control compared to MMSE static reconstruction. Our objective is to obtain a first on-sky demonstration of
tomographic LQG control during CANARY Phase B, featuring LGS and NGS WFSs. We show how the specific
MOAO CANARY configuration can be embedded in a state-space framework and we present how this control law
can be implemented onto the Real-Time Computer (RTC). The state-space model includes: stochastic autoregressive
models of order 2 for the turbulent phase in each layer and for vibrations affecting the telescope; LGS and
NGS measurement equations; DM model and delays in the loop. Model identification and off-line calculations
necessary for a robust on-sky operation are discussed.
title: Methodology to determine clinical DRLs in a multicentre setting : must-haves and pitfalls
Creators: name: Brat, Hugues
Publisher: name: ESR EuroSafe Imaging
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Action 2 - Clinical diagnostic reference levels (DRLs)
subject: Action 6 - Clinical audit tool for imaging
subject: Action 3 - Image quality assessment based on clinical indications
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Management
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Background/introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and recommendations Personal/organisational information References
description: Background/introduction: Background The mandatory revised European Basic Safety Standards Directive (2018) intends to protect the general population from unnecessary radiation exposure by strengthening radiation protection in Europe:...
Ensemble renormalization group for disordered systems
Creators: name: Angelini, Maria Chiara
name: Parisi, Giorgio
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and study a renormalization group transformation that can be used also for models with strong quenched disorder, like spin glasses. The method is based on a mapping between disorder distributions, chosen such as to keep some physical properties (e.g., the ratio of correlations averaged over the ensemble) invariant under the transformation. We validate this ensemble renormalization group by applying it to the hierarchical model (both the diluted ferromagnetic version and the spin glass version), finding results in agreement with Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures
Equivariant quantum Schubert polynomials
Creators: name: Anderson, Dave
name: Chen, Linda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish an equivariant quantum Giambelli formula for partial flag varieties. The answer is given in terms of a specialization of universal double Schubert polynomials. Along the way, we give new proofs of the presentation of the equivariant quantum cohomology ring, as well as Graham-positivity of the structure constants in equivariant quantum Schubert calculus.
description: 31 pages; v2 includes a new section with tables and properties of the polynomials
Social Prescribing: Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Psychosocial Community Referral Interventions in Primary Care
Creators: name: Napierala, Hendrik
name: Krüger, Karen
name: Kuschick, Doreen
name: Heintze, Christoph
name: Herrmann, Wolfram J.
name: Holzinger, Felix
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: social prescribing
subject: community referral intervention
subject: systematic review
subject: integrated care
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: Social prescribing (SP) aims to provide targeted psychosocial support and close the gap between medical and non-medical services. This review assesses the effectiveness of community-based SP interventions. Methods: We performed a systematic review and qualitative synthesis of interventional studies of community referral interventions focused on facilitating psychosocial support. We considered health-related endpoints, other patient reported outcomes, or health care utilization. Six databases, grey literature, and additional trials registers were searched. Results were screened in a two-step process, followed by data extraction, each by two independent reviewers. If data permitted such, effect sizes were calculated. Risk of bias was assessed with the EPHPP and the Cochrane RoB2 tools. Results: We identified 68 reports from 53 different projects, three were controlled studies. Uncontrolled studies with shorter time frames frequently reported positive effects. This could largely not be seen in controlled settings and for longer follow-up periods. Designs, populations, and outcomes evaluated were heterogeneous with high risk of bias for most studies. Discussion and conclusion: Current evidence suggests positive effects of SP on a variety of relevant endpoints. Due to quality deficits in the available studies, scope for conclusions concerning clinical relevance and sustainability is limited. Further methodologically rigorous controlled trials are needed.
PREVALENCE OF CHRONIC ENERGY DEFICIENCY AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG NON-PREGNANT AND NON-LACTATING RURAL WOMEN OF AGE GROUP (18-49 YEARS) IN MIRAB-BADWACHO WOREDA, SOUTH ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: Setegn (BSc), Sisay
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2014

description: No abstract available for this resource
AI revolution in healthcare and medicine and the (re-)emergence of inequalities and disadvantages for ageing population
Creators: name: Stypińska, Justyna
name: Franke, Annette Astrid
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: artificial intelligence
subject: automatic decision making
subject: health care
subject: ageing population
subject: ageism
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: AI systems in medicine and healthcare are being extensively explored in prevention, diagnosis, novel drug designs and after-care. The application of AI technology in healthcare systems promises impressive outcomes such as equalising healthcare, reducing mortality rate and human error, reducing medical costs, as well as reducing reliance on social services. In the light of the WHO “Decade of Healthy Ageing”, AI applications are designed as digital innovations to support the quality of life for older persons. However, the emergence of evidence of different types of algorithmic bias in AI applications, ageism in the use of digital devices and platforms, as well as age bias in digital data suggests that the use of AI might have discriminatory effects on older population or even cause harm. This paper addresses the issue of age biases and age discrimination in AI applications in medicine and healthcare systems and try to identify main challenges in this area. It will reflect on the potential of AI applications to amplify the already existing health inequalities by discussing two levels where potential negative impact of AI on age inequalities might be observed. Firstly, we will address the technical level of age bias in algorithms and digital datasets (especially health data). Secondly, we will discuss the potential disparate outcomes of automatic decision-making systems (ADMs) used in healthcare on the older population. These examples will demonstrate, although only partially, how AI systems may create new structures of age inequalities and novel dimensions of exclusion in healthcare and medicine.
Clustering of Signs and Symptoms of Oral Diseases in a Colombian Population
Creators: name: Mafla, Ana Cristina
name: Schwendicke, Falk
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signs and symptoms
subject: Dental caries
subject: Periodontal disease
subject: Bruxism
subject: Cluster analysis
subject: Multidimensional scaling analysis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate disease pattern clusters and co-occurrences of oral signs and symptoms in a Colombian population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out through a telephone survey amongst 1155 people registered in the telephone directory from Pasto, Colombia. The calls were made from July to November 2019. A 14-item self-report questionnaire about signs and symptoms related to oral diseases that included sociodemographic characteristics was employed. Descriptive and multivariable analyses such as hierarchical clustering, multidimensional scaling, and generalized linear models were used to determine co-occurrences in different sex and age strata. Results: Age- and condition-specific clusters of signs and symptoms were identified, while sex differences were limited. Calculus and denture sore mouth were related in 18- to 34-year-olds; tooth loss and calculus in 35- to 54-year-olds, and teeth holes or pits (dental caries) and dental abscess in those aged 55 years and older. We found stronger associations between periodontal disease (bleeding gums) and dental caries (odds ratio [OR], 2.484; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.812-3.405; P < .001) as well as grinding/clenching and facial tension (OR, 7.162; 95% CI, 5.227-9.814; P < .001). Conclusions: Age-specific clustering of signs and symptoms and diagnostic patterns wer present in ths Colombian cohort.
Pairing and radio-frequency spectroscopy in two-dimensional Fermi gases
Creators: name: Pietilä, Ville
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the normal phase properties of strongly interacting two-component Fermi gases in two spatial dimensions. In the limit of weak attraction, we find that the gas can be described in terms of effective polarons. As the attraction between fermions increases, we find a crossover from a gas of non-interacting polarons to a pseudogap regime. We investigate how this crossover is manifested in the radio-frequency (rf) spectroscopy. Our findings qualitatively explain the differences in the recent rf spectroscopy measurements of two-dimensional Fermi gases [Sommer et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 045302 (2012) and Zhang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 235302 (2012)].
description: 11 pages, 9 figures; v2: slightly expanded, typos corrected; v3: published version
Symplectic geometry of quantum noise
Creators: name: Polterovich, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53Dxx, 81Sxx

description: We discuss a quantum counterpart, in the sense of the Berezin-Toeplitz quantization, of certain constraints on Poisson brackets coming from "hard" symplectic geometry. It turns out that they can be interpreted in terms of the quantum noise of observables and their joint measurements in operational quantum mechanics. Our findings include various geometric mechanisms of quantum noise production and a noise-localization uncertainty relation. The methods involve Floer theory and Poisson bracket invariants originated in function theory on symplectic manifolds.
description: Revised version, 57 pages, 3 figures. Incorporates arXiv:1203.2348
Validation of risk scores for allograft failure after liver transplantation in Germany: a retrospective cohort analysis
Creators: name: Moosburner, Simon
name: Wiering, Leke
name: Roschke, Nathalie N.
name: Winter, Axel
name: Demir, Münevver
name: Gaßner, Joseph M.G.V.
name: Zimmer, Maximilian
name: Ritschl, Paul
name: Globke, Brigitta
name: Lurje, Georg
name: Tacke, Frank
name: Schöning, Wenzel
name: Pratschke, Johann
name: Öllinger, Robert
name: Sauer, Igor M.
name: Raschzok, Nathanael
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: liver transplantation
subject: allograft failure
subject: retrospective cohort analysis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: A growing number of clinical risk scores have been proposed to predict allograft failure after liver transplantation. However, validation of currently available scores in the Eurotransplant region is still lacking. We aimed to analyze all clinically relevant donor and recipient risk scores on a large German liver transplantation data set and performed a retrospective cohort analysis of liver transplantations performed at the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin from January 2007 until December 2021 with organs from donation after brain death. We analyzed 9 previously published scores in 906 liver transplantations [Eurotransplant donor risk index (ET-DRI/DRI), donor age and model for end-stage liver disease (D-MELD), balance of risk (BAR), early allograft dysfunction (EAD), model for early allograft function (MEAF), liver graft assessment following transplantation (L-GrAFT7), early allograft failure simplified estimation (EASE), and a score by Rhu and colleagues). The EASE score had the best predictive value for 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month graft survival with a c-statistic of 0.8, 0.77, and 0.78, respectively. In subgroup analyses, the EASE score was suited best for male recipients with a high-MELD (>25) and an EAD organ. Scores only based on pretransplant data performed worse compared to scores including postoperative data (eg, ET-DRI vs. EAD, p<0.001 at 3-month graft survival). Out of these, the BAR score performed best with a c-statistic of 0.6. This a comprehensive comparison of the clinical utility of risk scores after liver transplantation. The EASE score sufficiently predicted 12-month graft and patient survival. Despite a relatively complex calculation, the EASE score provides significant prognostic value for patients and health care professionals in the Eurotransplant region.
Aberrations Induced by Side-Projected Laser Guide Stars in Laser Tomography Adaptive Optics Systems
Creators: name: Van Dam, Marcos
name: Conan, Rodolphe
name: Bouchez, Antonin
name: Espeland, Brady
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the AO4ELT2 conference (Publisher: ONERA; Editors: J.-P. Véran, Y. Clénet, T. Fusco)
Year: 2011
Subjects: ADAPTIVE OPTICS
EXTREMELY LARGE TELESCOPES
PATHFINDERS
INSTRUMENTS
WAVEFRONT CORRECTORS
WAVEFRONT SENSING
LASER GUIDE STAR SYSTEMS
ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE
REAL-TIME CONTROL
MODELING
POST-PROCESSING

description: A laser tomography adaptive optics (LTAO) system is currently under design for the Giant Magellan
Telescope (GMT). This system has six laser guide stars (LGSs) in a regular hexagon. For systems engineering
reasons, it is preferable to project the LGSs from the side of the telescope. Experience with the Keck II adaptive
optics system and analytical modeling have shown that side-launched LGSs result in aberrations, called LGS
aberrations, with a lot of power at low-spatial frequencies. This is caused by the elongation of the LGS due to the
finite thickness of the sodium layer. In this paper, we model the LGS aberrations for the GMT’s LTAO system.
We find that the main aberration induced by the structure of the sodium layer is a focus term, which can be
measured with a natural guide star and corrected. For subapertures with large numbers of pixels, other aberrations
are negligible. However, if there are few pixels available, centroid errors resulting from pixelation and truncation
of the spot lead to significant wavefront errors. Working with the assumption that the LGS aberrations affect all
of the wavefront sensors in the same way, we propose a method that filters the LGS aberrations directly from the
Shack-Hartmann centroids. This method is shown to be effective at removing the bulk of the LGS aberrations
while having a small effect on the turbulence estimation.
Covariant procedures for perturbative non-linear deformation of duality-invariant theories
Creators: name: Carrasco, John Joseph M.
name: Kallosh, Renata
name: Roiban, Radu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a recent conjecture regarding the perturbative construction of non-linear deformations of all classically duality invariant theories, including N=8 supergravity. Starting with an initial quartic deformation, we engineer a procedure that generates a particular non-linear deformation (Born-Infeld) of the Maxwell theory. This procedure requires the introduction of an infinite number of modifications to a constraint which eliminates degrees of freedom consistent with the duality and field content of the system. We discuss the extension of this procedure to N=1 and N=2 supersymmetric theories, and comment on its potential to either construct new supergravity theories with non-linear Born-Infeld type duality, or to constrain the finiteness of N=8 supergravity.
description: 21 pages, 0 figures. v3: maching PRD version
Myopic Exoplanet Detection Algorithm Based on an Analytical Model of AO-corrected Coronagraphic Multi-spectral Imaging
Creators: name: Ygouf, Marie
name: Mugnier, Laurent
name: Mouillet, David
name: Fusco, Thierry
name: Beuzit, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the AO4ELT2 conference (Publisher: ONERA; Editors: J.-P. Véran, Y. Clénet, T. Fusco)
Year: 2011
Subjects: ADAPTIVE OPTICS
EXTREMELY LARGE TELESCOPES
PATHFINDERS
INSTRUMENTS
WAVEFRONT CORRECTORS
WAVEFRONT SENSING
LASER GUIDE STAR SYSTEMS
ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE
REAL-TIME CONTROL
MODELING
POST-PROCESSING

description: High contrast imaging for the detection and characterisation of exoplanets rests upon the instrument’s
capability to cancel the light of the host star. Unfortunately the combination of adaptive optics and coronagraphy is
not sufficient: the residual starlight, or speckle noise, may be relatively bright compared to the signal of the planet
and limits the detection sensitivity. These speckles find their origin in wavefront errors created by imperfections
in the optical components. As they evolve on various time scales, calibrating these speckles out is very tricky and
the suppression of the unavoidable residual speckle noise must be done by post-processing methods. The current
empirical post-processing methods for calibrating out the residual speckles and detecting the potential exoplanets
are not sufficient with respect to the specifications to be reached by the new and future generations of instruments.
In this communication, we develop, in a bayesian framework, an inversion method that is based on an analytical
imaging model. The model links the instrumental aberrations to the speckle pattern on the image focal plane,
distinguishing between aberrations upstream and downstream of the coronagraph. This approach allows us to
estimate both the speckles and the object map using the fact that the object does not scale with the wavelength
as the speckle pattern does. We validate this method on realistic images with simulation conditions typical of a
SPHERE-like instrument. We assess the performance of the method for different contrasts between the star and
the planet flux.
Error correction in short time steps during the application of quantum gates
Creators: name: de Castro, Leonardo Andreta
name: Napolitano, Reginaldo de Jesus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for applying the quantum error-correction method for errors that occur during quantum gates. Using a perturbation treatment of the noise that allows us to separate it from the ideal evolution of the quantum gate, we demonstrate that in certain cases it is necessary to divide the quantum gate in short time steps intercalated by correction procedures. A prescription of how these gates can be constructed is provided, as well as a proof that, even for the cases when the division of the quantum gate in short time steps is not necessary, this method may be advantageous for reducing the total duration of the computation.
Combustion modelling in spark-ignition engines using conditional source-term estimation
Creators: name: Nivarti, Girish Venkata
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Conditional Source-term Estimation (CSE) is a chemical closure model for the simulation of turbulent combustion. In this work, CSE has been explored for modelling combustion phenomena in a spark-ignition (SI) engine. In the arbitrarily complex geometries imposed by industrial design, estimation of conditionally averaged scalars is challenging. The key underlying requirement of CSE is that conditionally averaged scalars be calculated within spatially localized sub-domains. A domain partitioning algorithm based on space-filling curves has been developed to construct localized ensembles of points necessary to retain the validity of CSE. Algorithms have been developed to evenly distribute points to the maximum extent possible while maintaining spatial locality. A metric has been defined to estimate relative inter-partition contact as an indicator of communication in parallel computing architectures. Domain partitioning tests conducted on relevant geometries highlight the performance of the method as an unsupervised and computationally inexpensive domain partitioning tool. In addition to involving complex geometries, SI engines pose the challenge of accurately modelling the transient ignition process. Combustion in a homogeneous-charge natural gas fuelled SI engine with a relatively simple chamber geometry has been simulated using an empirical model for ignition. An oxygen based reaction progress variable is employed as the conditioning variable and its stochastic behaviour is approximated by a presumed probability density function (PDF). A trajectory generated low-dimensional manifold has been used to tabulate chemistry in a hyper-dimensional space described by the reaction progress variable, temperature and pressure. The estimates of pressure trace and pollutant emission trends obtained using CSE accurately match experimental measurements.
Geometric and homological finiteness in free abelian covers
Creators: name: Suciu, Alexander I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20J05, 20F36, 32S22, 55N25, 57M07

description: We describe some of the connections between the Bieri-Neumann-Strebel-Renz invariants, the Dwyer-Fried invariants, and the cohomology support loci of a space X. Under suitable hypotheses, the geometric and homological finiteness properties of regular, free abelian covers of X can be expressed in terms of the resonance varieties, extracted from the cohomology ring of X. In general, though, translated components in the characteristic varieties affect the answer. We illustrate this theory in the setting of toric complexes, as well as smooth, complex projective and quasi-projective varieties, with special emphasis on configuration spaces of Riemann surfaces and complements of hyperplane arrangements.
description: 30 pages; to appear in Configuration Spaces: Geometry, Combinatorics and Topology (Centro De Giorgi, 2010), Edizioni della Normale, Pisa, 2012
Probing scalar meson structures in $χ_{c1}$ decays into pseudoscalar and scalar
Creators: name: Wang, Qian
name: Li, Gang
name: Zhao, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the decay branching ratios of $χ_{c1}\to PS$, in a quark model parametrization scheme, where $P$ and $S$ stand for pseudoscalar and scalar meson, respectively. An interesting feature of this decay process is that the $c\bar{c}$ annihilate via the pQCD hair-pin diagram is supposed to be dominant. Hence, this decay process should be sensitive to the quark components of the final-state light mesons, and would provide a great opportunity for testing the mixing relations among the scalar mesons, i.e. $f_0(1370)$, $f_0(1500)$ and $f_0(1710)$, by tagging the final state pseudoscalar mesons.
description: 9 pages and 6 eps figures; Enhanced discussion on the dominance of hair-pin diagram is added. Revised version to appear in IJMPA