cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Braided surfaces and their characteristic maps
Creators: name: Funar, Louis
name: Pagotto, Pablo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R45, 57 R70, 58K05

description: We show that branched coverings of surfaces of large enough genus arise as characteristic maps of braided surfaces that is, lift to embeddings in the product of the surface with $\mathbb R^2$. This result is nontrivial already for unramified coverings, in which case the lifting problem is well-known to reduce to the purely algebraic problem of factoring the monodromy map to the symmetric group $S_n$ through the braid group $B_n$. In our approach, this factorization is often achieved as a consequence of a stronger property: a factorization through a free group. In the reverse direction we show that any non-abelian surface group has infinitely many finite simple non-abelian groups quotients with characteristic kernels which do not contain any simple loop and hence the quotient maps do not factor through free groups. By a pullback construction, finite dimensional Hermitian representations of braid groups provide invariants for the braided surfaces. We show that the strong equivalence classes of braided surfaces are separated by such invariants if and only if they are profinitely separated.
description: revised version, 26p
Neutrino astronomy as a probe of physics beyond the Standard Model: decay of sub-MeV $B$-$L$ gauge boson dark matter
Creators: name: Lin, Weikang
name: Visinelli, Luca
name: Xu, Donglian
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $U(1)_{B\textrm{--}L}$ symmetry, the essential component in the seesaw mechanism and leptogenesis, is naturally equipped with a massive gauge boson. If this gauge boson is the dark matter, the scenario consistent with the seesaw mechanism predicts the gauge coupling to be of the order of $\mathcal{O}(10^{-19})$ for masses $\lesssim1$ MeV, dominantly decaying into active neutrinos. We stress and explore the important role of astrophysical neutrinos of energies from $\mathcal{O}(1)$ keV to $\sim1$ MeV in testing the well-motivated $B$-$L$ symmetry extension to the Standard Model, which has been missed in the literature to date. Compared to other dark matter models, the neutrino flux in the sub-MeV energy range is a unique prediction in our setup and, once detected, would serve as a smoking gun for the existence of this $B$-$L$ gauge boson and its role as the dark matter particle, opening new windows to tackle cosmological and astrophysical conundra.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; matches version published in PRD
How to Make it in Cairo: The Early Career of Burhān al-Dīn al-Biqāʿī
Creators: name: Goudie, Kenneth A.
Publisher: name: The Middle East Documentation Center (MEDOC) at the University of Chicago
Year: 2020

description: How it all went wrong for Burhān al-Dīn al-Biqāʿī (809–85/1406–80), a fifteenth-century Quran exegete and historian active in Cairo, has been well covered. Modern scholarship has discussed the downward trajectory of his later career from 868/1464, in which his embroilment in two controversies—respectively on the use of the Bible in tafsīr and the poetry of Ibn al-Fāriḍ—so eroded his position in Cairene society that he was forced to flee to Damascus in 880/1475. A third controversy—on the theodicy of al-Ghazālī—incensed the Damascene populace, and he died destitute in 885/1480. While charting his declining fortunes reveals much about the religio-intellectual environment in which he operated, these three episodes all date from after al-Biqāʿī had succeeded in securing himself a position in Cairo as the resident Quran exegete at the Ẓāhirīyah Mosque, and also as first the personal tutor of Sultan Jaqmaq and then as a confidant of Sultan Īnāl. The issue, however, of how it all went right for al-Biqāʿī is relatively overlooked. This article is aimed at two complementary purposes. First, it will provide an overview of how al-Biqāʿī sought to increase the social and cultural capital resources at his disposal to build and expand the social network that underpinned his career in Cairo and that subsequently crumbled under the weight of the later controversies. In doing so, it will outline in more detail al-Biqāʿī’s origins, before moving to discuss the key relationships—particularly his patron-client relationships—he established and how these facilitated his making his way in Cairo. Having done so, it will turn to its second purpose: namely, it will argue that the descriptive reconstruction of al-Biqāʿī’s life and career should be read against the interpretative frameworks employed by the authors of our sources, and that doing so leads to a deeper understanding of not only al-Biqāʿī himself, but of the social contexts in which he operated.
Stochastic Contextual Dueling Bandits under Linear Stochastic Transitivity Models
Creators: name: Bengs, Viktor
name: Saha, Aadirupa
name: Hüllermeier, Eyke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68W27 (Primary) 68T05 (Secondary)

description: We consider the regret minimization task in a dueling bandits problem with context information. In every round of the sequential decision problem, the learner makes a context-dependent selection of two choice alternatives (arms) to be compared with each other and receives feedback in the form of noisy preference information. We assume that the feedback process is determined by a linear stochastic transitivity model with contextualized utilities (CoLST), and the learner's task is to include the best arm (with highest latent context-dependent utility) in the duel. We propose a computationally efficient algorithm, $\texttt{CoLSTIM}$, which makes its choice based on imitating the feedback process using perturbed context-dependent utility estimates of the underlying CoLST model. If each arm is associated with a $d$-dimensional feature vector, we show that $\texttt{CoLSTIM}$ achieves a regret of order $\tilde O( \sqrt{dT})$ after $T$ learning rounds. Additionally, we also establish the optimality of $\texttt{CoLSTIM}$ by showing a lower bound for the weak regret that refines the existing average regret analysis. Our experiments demonstrate its superiority over state-of-art algorithms for special cases of CoLST models.
Constraining possible variations of the fine structure constant in strong gravitational fields with the K$α$ iron line
Creators: name: Bambi, Cosimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In extensions of general relativity and in theories aiming at unifying gravity with the forces of the Standard Model, the value of the "fundamental constants" is often determined by the vacuum expectation value of new fields, which may thus change in different backgrounds. Variations of fundamental constants with respect to the values measured today in laboratories on Earth are expected to be more evident on cosmological timescales and/or in strong gravitational fields. In this paper, I show that the analysis of the K$α$ iron line observed in the X-ray spectrum of black holes can potentially be used to probe the fine structure constant $α$ in gravitational potentials relative to Earth of $Δϕ\approx 0.1$. At present, systematic effects not fully under control prevent to get robust and stringent bounds on possible variations of the value of $α$ with this technique, but the fact that current data can be fitted with models based on standard physics already rules out variations of the fine structure constant larger than some percent.
description: 1+15 pages, 6 figures. v2: refereed version
LES REPERCUSSIONS ECONOMIQUES DES CIRCULATIONS TOURISTIQUES A MADAGASCAR, CAS DE LA REGION ATSINANANA
Creators: name: MBIMA Césaire
name: MAMIARISOA Jean Edith Françoise
name: RATOLOJANAHARY Fetra Tojosoa
name: RAHAJAMANANA Jasmin
name: BELA Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Cet article met l’accent sur la corrélation importante entre le tourisme et l’économie de Madagascar, plus particulièrement de la Région Atsinanana. Un pôle de développement qui est un centre économique moteur exerçant des effets d'entraînement sur son environnement, peut être une entreprise, une branche, un secteur, une agglomération, une Région ou une Nation. L'accroissement du nombre de touristes présente nettement de divers impacts positifs sur l'économie de la nation en question Il s’agit d'abord des impacts économiques directs : portant sur le niveau d'emploi, sur l'apport en devises et donc sur la balance des paiements, sur le niveau des investissements et par conséquent sur le revenu national suite à l'effet multiplicateur. C’est dans ce sens, une question de recherche se forme : comment les circulations touristiques à Madagascar impactent-elles économiquement les pays hôtes, en tenant compte des bénéfices économiques, des défis environnementaux et culturels, ainsi que des stratégies potentielles pour maximiser les retombées positives ? L’Objectif de l’article pourrait être d’analyser de manière approfondie l’impact des flux touristiques sur l’économie de la Région Atsinanana en examinant spécifiquement les aspects tels que la croissance économique, la création d’emplois, le développement des infrastructures, la diversification économiques et les implications sociale. L’hypothèse de notre de notre travail est la suivante : le tourisme contribue à la création d’emplois, soutenant ainsi le marché du travail. L’anticipation que le développement des infrastructures touristiques peut stimuler l’économie de la région Atsinanana. Le tourisme peut être un moyen de diversifier les sources de revenus au de la des secteurs traditionnels. La Région Atsinanana était parmi la région riche en potentialité touristique. Nous trouvons la variété des espèces biologiques et écologiques qui attire beaucoup des touristes. Ce secteur contribue très bien à l’amélioration de la situation d’économie nationale et même régionale.
A Holographic Study on Vector Condensate Induced by a Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: He, Song
name: Li, Li
name: Li, Li-Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a holographic model with vector condensate by coupling the anti-de Sitter gravity to an Abelian gauge field and a charged vector field in $(3+1)$ dimensional spacetime. In this model there exists a non-minimal coupling of the vector filed to the gauge field. We find that there is a critical temperature below which the charged vector condenses via a second order phase transition. The DC conductivity becomes infinite and the AC conductivity develops a gap in the condensed phase. We study the effect of a background magnetic field on the system. It is found that the background magnetic field can induce the condensate of the vector field even in the case without chemical potential/charge density. In the case with non-vanishing charge density, the transition temperature raises with the applied magnetic field, and the condensate of the charged vector operator forms a vortex lattice structure in the spatial directions perpendicular to the magnetic field.
description: v3: minor changes, references added, to appear in JHEP
How liquid-liquid phase separation induces active spreading
Creators: name: Chao, Youchuang
name: Ramirez-Soto, Olinka
name: Bahr, Christian
name: Karpitschka, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between phase separation and wetting of multicomponent mixtures is ubiquitous in nature and technology and recently gained significant attention across scientific disciplines, due to the discovery of biomolecular condensates. It is well understood that sessile droplets, undergoing phase separation in a static wetting configuration, exhibit microdroplet nucleation at their contact lines, forming an oil ring during later stages. However, very little is known about the dynamic counterpart, when phase separation occurs in a non-equilibrium wetting configuration, i.e., spreading droplets. Here we report that liquid-liquid phase separation strongly couples to the spreading motion of three-phase contact lines. Thus, the classical Cox-Voinov law is not applicable anymore, because phase separation adds an active spreading force beyond the capillary driving. Intriguingly, we observe that spreading starts well before any visible nucleation of microdroplets in the main droplet. Using high-speed ellipsometry, we further demonstrate that surface forces cause an even earlier nucleation in the wetting precursor film around the droplet, initiating the observed wetting transition. We expect our findings to enrich the fundamental understanding of phase separation processes that involve dynamical contact lines and/or surface forces, with implications in a wide range of applications, from oil recovery or inkjet printing to material synthesis and biomolecular condensates.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 6 pages supplementary information
Three-Omega Thermal-Conductivity Measurements with Curved Heater Geometries
Creators: name: Jaffe, Gabriel R.
name: Smith, Keenan J.
name: Brar, Victor W.
name: Lagally, Max G.
name: Eriksson, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-omega method, a powerful technique to measure the thermal conductivity of nanometer-thick films and the interfaces between them, has historically employed straight conductive wires to act as both heaters and thermometers. When investigating stochastically prepared samples such as two-dimensional materials and nanomembranes, residue and excess material can make it difficult to fit the required millimeter-long straight wire on the sample surface. There are currently no available criteria for how diverting three-omega heater wires around obstacles affects the validity of the thermal measurement. In this Letter, we quantify the effect of wire curvature by performing three-omega experiments with a wide range of frequencies using both curved and straight heater geometries on SiO$_2$/Si samples. When the heating wire is curved, we find that the measured Si substrate thermal conductivity changes by only 0.2%. Similarly, we find that wire curvature has no significant effect on the determination of the thermal resistance of a $\sim$65 nm SiO$_2$ layer, even for the sharpest corners considered here, for which the largest measured ratio of the thermal penetration depth of the applied thermal wave to radius of curvature of the heating wire is 4.3. This result provides useful design criteria for three-omega experiments by setting a lower bound for the maximum ratio of thermal penetration depth to wire radius of curvature.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Engaging Students through Activity Design: A Service-Dominant Logic Perspective
Creators: name: Smothers, Jack
name: Moore, Alyssa
name: Maier-Lytle, Jeanette
name: Bacˇic´, Dinko
name: Chen, Manfen W.
name: Celuch, Kevin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: student engagement
subject: activity design
subject: business education
subject: service-dominant logic
subject: extracurricular activities

description: Consistent with service-dominant logic, we examine how cocreated
higher education learning experiences facilitate student engagement and
enhance students’ value perceptions. Through moderated regression
analyses, this study finds that effective faculty support, event format, and
awards strengthen the relationship between student value perceptions of
an extracurricular activity (i.e. the One Day Challenge) and engagement
in word-of-mouth activity. Creating meaningful learning experiences
through extracurricular activities is a challenging endeavor. This study
provides theory-based empirical evidence of the ability to mitigate those
challenges by designing engagement activities that place learners at the
center of the educational experience.
Callosciurus phayrei
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Robert S.
name: Anderson, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Callosciurus
Callosciurus phayrei

description: Callosciurus phayrei (Blyth, 1855). J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 24:472. TYPE LOCALITY: Burma, Martaban, "Sent from Moulmein" (Robinson and Kloss, 1918a:225). DISTRIBUTION: Upper Irrawaddy R. and Sittang R. eastward to Salween R., S Burma. SYNONYMS: blanfordii (Blyth, 1862); heinrichi Tate, 1954. COMMENTS: Considered a distinct species by Moore and Tate (1965). A member of the caniceps species group.
description: Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 423, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353130
description: {"references": ["Robinson, H. C., and C. B. Kloss. 1918 a. A nominal list of the Sciuridae of the Oriental Reigon with a list of specimens in the collection of the Zoological Survey of India. Records of the Indian Museum, 15 (4), no. 21: 171 - 254.", "Blyth, E. 1862. Report of curator, zoological department, February, 1862, No. 1. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 31: 331 - 333.", "Moore, J. C., and G. H. H. Tate. 1965. A study of the diurnal squirrels, Sciurinae, of the Indian and Indochinese subregions. Fieldiana: Zoology, 48: 1 - 351."]}
A Tale of Hybrid Identities: Notes on Ibn Taghrībirdī’s Textual and Authorial “Self-Fashioning”
Creators: name: Ben Othmen, Rihab
Publisher: name: The Middle East Documentation Center (MEDOC) at the University of Chicago
Year: 2020

description: The life trajectory of Ibn Taghrībirdī and his career has stirred considerable curiosity and interest among medieval historians and modern researchers. Through their biographical depictions and pointed analysis, they all endeavor to construct a comprehensive rendering of his various historiographical undertakings. Only a few decades after his death in 874/1470, a number of medieval historians began to trace his life-story and career, including al-Sakhāwī (830–902/1427–97) and al-Ṣayrafī (819–900/1416–95), who shed a critical light on his works. The subsequent generation of sixteenth-century historians, showed a more positive assessment of his achievement in the field. Under the pen of Ibn al-ʿImād al-Ḥanbalī, Ibn Taghrībirdī appears as one of the greatest historians of his time. Later, the 1792 publication of a first edition of his Mawrid al-Laṭāfah sparked renewed interest in him and his other works came to the attention of European scholarship through annotated editions and translations. To better ascertain the value of his historiographical works, several attempts to contextualize his writings were made in the twentieth century. Despite decades of extensive research on Ibn Taghrībirdī, few studies have evolved beyond treating his historiographical works as mere “containers of facts” or contextualizing the man and his oeuvre against a complex socio-political background. We are left with a wide-open lane for inquiry to bring a new impetus to his life-story and achievements in historical writing. To help plot a new way forward, the current article will question “dominant narratives” related to Ibn Taghrībirdī’s life and historiographical contributions. What we mean by “dominant narratives” in this context is the bulk of medieval, stereotyped representations and the modern assumptions that engage with his individual trajectory and career, and in which he was regarded as a member of the awlād al-nās or else as a semi-official court historian.
On the Geometric Ramsey Number of Outerplanar Graphs
Creators: name: Cibulka, Josef
name: Gao, Pu
name: Krčál, Marek
name: Valla, Tomáš
name: Valtr, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 52C35 (Primary) 05C55, 05C10 (Secondary)

description: We prove polynomial upper bounds of geometric Ramsey numbers of pathwidth-2 outerplanar triangulations in both convex and general cases. We also prove that the geometric Ramsey numbers of the ladder graph on $2n$ vertices are bounded by $O(n^{3})$ and $O(n^{10})$, in the convex and general case, respectively. We then apply similar methods to prove an $n^{O(\log(n))}$ upper bound on the Ramsey number of a path with $n$ ordered vertices.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Professional Mobility in Ibn ʿArabshāh’s Fifteenth-Century Panegyric Dedicated to Sultan al-Ẓāhir Jaqmaq
Creators: name: Banister, Mustafa
Publisher: name: The Middle East Documentation Center (MEDOC) at the University of Chicago
Year: 2020

description: The fifteenth-century rhetorician, litterateur, and belletrist-historian Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿArabshāh (791–854/1389–1450) is known as a biographer of the Central Asian warlord and conqueror, Amir Temür (r. 771–807/1370–1405), Tīmūr, or Tamerlane. Scholarly interest in Ibn ʿArabshāh concerns primarily his ʿAjāʾib al-maqdūr fī nawāʾib Tīmūr (The Wonders of destiny in the calamities wrought by Tīmūr) and his relationship to Timurid historiography. Seldom is Ibn ʿArabshāh himself approached as a participant in and product of the socio-political landscapes of fifteenth-century Syria (Bilād al-Shām) and Egypt in the context of the late medieval sultanate of Cairo. Through the cultural practice of historical writing Ibn ʿArabshāh, like many of his peers, sought to take advantage of new opportunities presented by the emerging political order during the successive sultanates of al-Ashraf Barsbāy (r. 825–41/1422–38) and al-Ẓāhir Jaqmaq (r. 842–57/1438–53) to acquire a patronage position either at the court of the new sultan or elsewhere in the religio-political networks of the time. This article, building on the previous life sketch of Ibn ʿArabshāh and his works established by Robert McChesney, adds a more nuanced layer to the picture by historicizing his panegyric for the sultan al-Ẓāhir Jaqmaq (d. 857/1453), Al-Taʾlīf al-ṭāhir fī shiyam al-Malik al-Ẓāhir al-qāʾim bi-nuṣrat al-ḥaqq Abī Saʿīd Jaqmaq (The Pure composition on the character of the King al-Ẓāhir the supporter of divine truth Abī Saʿīd Jaqmaq). Analysis of the latter text in relation to The Wonders of Destiny will demonstrate ways in which the author may have sought to instrumentalize the Pure Composition during a precise moment of political transformation. Examining the Pure Composition in the context of its creation helps identify and reconstruct some details of the social world in which Ibn ʿArabshāh operated and provides a window into the author’s attempts to expand and define his key relationships in the hope of securing a new patron or better position.
The role of the Gamma-Eddington ratio relation on the X-ray Baldwin effect in Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Ricci, Claudio
name: Paltani, Stephane
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
name: Awaki, Hisamitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X-ray Baldwin effect is the inverse correlation between the equivalent width (EW) of the narrow component of the iron Kalpha line and the X-ray luminosity of active galactic nuclei (AGN). A similar trend has also been observed between Fe Kalpha EW and the Eddington ratio (lambda_Edd). Using Chandra/HEG results of Shu et al. (2010) and bolometric corrections we study the relation between EW and the lambda_Edd, and find that log EW = (-0.13+/-0.03)log(lambda_Edd) + 1.47. We explore the role of the known positive correlation between the photon index of the primary X-ray continuum (Gamma) and lambda_Edd on the X-ray Baldwin effect. We simulate the iron Kalpha line emitted by populations of unabsorbed AGN considering 3 different geometries of the reflecting material: toroidal, spherical-toroidal and slab. We find that the Gamma-lambda_Edd correlation cannot account for the whole X-ray Baldwin effect, unless a strong dependence of Gamma on lambda_Edd, such as the one recently found by Risaliti et al. (2009) and Jin et al. (2012), is assumed. No clear correlation is found between EW and Gamma. We conclude that a good understanding of the slope of the Gamma-lambda_Edd relation is critical to assess whether the trend plays a leading or rather a marginal role in the X-ray Baldwin effect.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, MNRAS in press, final version
Born's Rule as Signature of a Superclassical Current Algebra
Creators: name: Fussy, Siegfried
name: Pascasio, Johannes Mesa
name: Schwabl, Herbert
name: Groessing, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new tool for calculating the interference patterns and particle trajectories of a double-, three- and N-slit system on the basis of an emergent sub-quantum theory developed by our group throughout the last years. The quantum itself is considered as an emergent system representing an off-equilibrium steady state oscillation maintained by a constant throughput of energy provided by a classical zero-point energy field. We introduce the concept of a "relational causality" which allows for evaluating structural interdependences of different systems levels, i.e. in our case of the relations between partial and total probability density currents, respectively. Combined with the application of 21st century classical physics like, e.g., modern nonequilibrium thermodynamics, we thus arrive at a "superclassical" theory. Within this framework, the proposed current algebra directly leads to a new formulation of the guiding equation which is equivalent to the original one of the de Broglie-Bohm theory. By proving the absence of third order interferences in three-path systems it is shown that Born's rule is a natural consequence of our theory. Considering the series of one-, double-, or, generally, of N-slit systems, with the first appearance of an interference term in the double slit case, we can explain the violation of Sorkin's first order sum rule, just as the validity of all higher order sum rules. Moreover, the Talbot patterns and Talbot distance for an arbitrary N-slit device can be reproduced exactly by our model without any quantum physics tool.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Three-point correlation functions in Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Pelaez, Marcela
name: Tissier, Matthieu
name: Wschebor, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the three-point correlation functions of Yang-Mills theory in the Landau gauge, with a particular emphasis on the infrared regime. The effect of the Gribov copies is accounted for by adding a mass term for the gluons in the Faddeev-Popov action in the Landau gauge. We perform a one-loop calculation for the ghost-antighost-gluon and three-gluon correlation functions. These analytic results are compared with the available lattice data and give a very satisfying agreement.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures. Minor changes. Some comments, references and ancillary file added
Fluctuations of imbalanced fermionic superfluids in two dimensions induce continuous quantum phase transitions and non-Fermi liquid behavior
Creators: name: Strack, Philipp
name: Jakubczyk, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nature of superfluid pairing in imbalanced Fermi mixtures in two spatial dimensions. We present evidence that the combined effect of Fermi surface mismatch and order parameter fluctuations of the superfluid condensate can lead to continuous quantum phase transitions from a normal Fermi mixture to an intermediate Sarma-Liu-Wilczek superfluid with two gapless Fermi surfaces -- even when mean-field theory (incorrectly) predicts a first order transition to a phase-separated "Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer plus excess fermions" ground state. We propose a mechanism for non-Fermi liquid behavior from repeated scattering processes between the two Fermi surfaces and fluctuating Cooper pairs. Prospects for experimental observation with ultracold atoms are discussed.
description: as accepted to Phys. Rev. X; 10 pages, 10 figures, 75 references
Constraining the growth rate of structure with phase correlations
Creators: name: Byun, Joyce
name: Franco, Felipe Oliveira
name: Howlett, Cullan
name: Bonvin, Camille
name: Obreschkow, Danail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that correlations between the phases of the galaxy density field in redshift space provide additional information about the growth rate of large-scale structure that is complementary to the power spectrum multipoles. In particular, we consider the multipoles of the line correlation function (LCF), which correlates phases between three collinear points, and use the Fisher forecasting method to show that the LCF multipoles can break the degeneracy between the measurement of the growth rate of structure $f$ and the amplitude of perturbations $σ_8$ that is present in the power spectrum multipoles at large scales. This leads to an improvement in the measurement of $f$ and $σ_8$ by up to 220 per cent for $k_{\rm max} = 0.15 \, h\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ and up to 50 per cent for $k_{\rm max} = 0.30 \, h\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ at redshift $z=0.25$, with respect to power spectrum measurements alone for the upcoming generation of galaxy surveys like DESI and Euclid. The average improvements in the constraints on $f$ and $σ_8$ for $k_{\rm max} = 0.15 \, h\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ are $\sim 90$ per cent for the DESI BGS sample with mean redshift $\overline{z}=0.25$, $\sim 40$ per cent for the DESI ELG sample with $\overline{z}=1.25$, and $\sim 40$ per cent for the Euclid H$α$ galaxies with $\overline{z}=1.3$. For $k_{\rm max} = 0.30 \, h\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$, the average improvements are $\sim 40$ per cent for the DESI BGS sample and $\sim 20$ per cent for both the DESI ELG and Euclid H$α$ galaxies.
description: 28 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables. v2 has additional discussion on model-independence of the forecasts. v3 matches the MNRAS accepted version
Vector bileptons and the decays $h\rightarrow γγ,Zγ$
Creators: name: Yue, Chong-Xing
name: Shi, Qiu-Yang
name: Hua, Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Takeing into account of the constraints on the relevant parameters from the muon anomalous magnetic moment, we consider the contributions of the vector bileptons $V^{\pm}$ and $U^{\pm\pm}$ predicted by the reduced minimal 331 model to the Higgs decay channels $h \rightarrow γγ$ and $Zγ$. Our numerical results show that the vector bileptons can enhance the partial width $Γ(h\rightarrow γγ)$, while reduce the partial width $Γ(h\rightarrow Zγ)$, which are anti-correlated. With reasonable values of the relevant free parameters, the vector bileptons can explain the $LHC$ data for the $γγ$ signal. If the $CMS$ data persists, the value of the free parameters $ λ_{2}$ and $ λ_{3}$ should be severe constrained.
description: References added
Effects of the liquid-gas phase transition and cluster formation on the symmetry energy
Creators: name: Typel, S.
name: Wolter, H. H.
name: Röpke, G.
name: Blaschke, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various definitions of the symmetry energy are introduced for nuclei, dilute nuclear matter below saturation density and stellar matter, which is found in compact stars or core-collapse supernovae. The resulting differences are exemplified by calculations in a theoretical approach based on a generalized relativistic density functional for dense matter. It contains nucleonic clusters as explicit degrees of freedom with medium dependent properties that are derived for light clusters from a quantum statistical approach. With such a model the dissolution of clusters at high densities can be described. The effects of the liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter and of cluster formation in stellar matter on the density dependence of the symmetry energy are studied for different temperatures. It is observed that correlations and the formation of inhomogeneous matter at low densities and temperatures causes an increase of the symmetry energy as compared to calculations assuming a uniform uncorrelated spatial distribution of constituent baryons and leptons.
description: 20 pages, 19 figures, version accepted for publication in EPJA special volume on Nuclear Symmetry Energy
Using rational homology circles to construct rational homology balls
Creators: name: Simone, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Motivated by Akbulut-Larson's construction of Brieskorn spheres bounding rational homology 4-balls, we explore plumbed 3-manifolds that bound rational homology circles and use them to construct infinite families of rational homology 3-spheres that bound rational homology 4-balls. Some of these rational homology 3-spheres are new examples of integer homology 3-spheres that bound rational homology 4-balls, but do not bound integer homology 4-balls. In particular, we find infinite families of torus bundles over the circle that bound rational homology circles, provide a simple method for constructing more general plumbed 3-manifolds that bound rational homology circles, and show that, for example, $-1$-surgery along any unknotting number one knot $K$ with a positive crossing that can be switched to unknot $K$ bounds a rational homology 4-ball.
description: Added Theorem 1.2, added to exposition, and fixed typos
การระบาดของโรคเลปโตสไปโรซีส (Leptospirosis) ในกลุ่มทหารประจำการในค่ายทหารแห่งหนึ่ง จังหวัดนครนายกวันที่ 14 พฤศจิกายน 28 ธันวาคม 2550
Creators: name: เบญจวรรณ ระลึก
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2552
Subjects: การระบาดของเลปโตสไปโรซีส
ค่ายทหาร
จังหวัดนครนายก

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 35, 3, 206-211
Synthesis, crystal structure and DFT study of 1,1-dimethylethyl (2R)-2-(hydroxydiphenylmethyl)-1-pyrrolidinecarboxylate
Creators: name: Yang, Bai-Hui
name: Ma, Li-Xue
name: Li, Jin-Lan
name: Zhou, Zhi-Xu
name: Zhao, Chun-Shen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: During the asymmetric reduction process of Corey Bakshi Shibata chiral reagent, the target compound 1,1-dimethylethyl (2R)-2-(hydroxydiphenylmethyl)-1-pyrrolidine carboxylate was unexpectedly discovered. The structure was characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, and FT-IR. The crystal belongs to orthogonal crystal system, space group P212121, crystal cell parameters: a = 8.9941(8) Å, b = 9.8001(9) Å, c = 22.706(2) Å, α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°, μ (MoKα) = 0.71073 Å mm−1. DFT further analyzed its structure. The frontier molecular orbital and molecular electrostatic potential of the target compound were further studied.
Left-handed Z' and Z FCNC quark couplings facing new b -> s mu^+ mu^- data
Creators: name: Buras, Andrzej J.
name: Girrbach, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In view of the recent improved data on B_{s,d}->mu^+ mu^- and B_d->K^*mu^+mu^- we revisit two simple NP scenarios in which new FCNC currents in b->s mu^+ mu^- transitions are mediated either entirely by a neutral heavy gauge boson Z' with purely LH complex couplings Delta_L^{qb}(Z') (q=d,s) and couplings to muons Delta_A^{mu mu}(Z') and Delta_V^{mu mu}(Z') or the SM Z boson with LH complex couplings Delta_L^{qb}(Z). We demonstrate how these couplings can be determined by future Delta F=2 and b->s mu^+ mu^- observables. The correlations between various observables can test these NP scenarios. We present the results as functions of Delta M_q/Delta M_q^SM, S_{psi phi} and S_{psi K_S} which should be precisely determined in this decade. We calculate the violation of the CMFV relation between BR(B_{s,d}-> mu^+ mu^-) and Delta M_{s,d} in these scenarios. We find that the data on B_{s,d}->mu^+ mu^- from CMS and LHCb can be reproduced in both scenarios but in the case of Z, Delta M_s and S_{psi phi} have to be very close to their SM values. As far as B_d->K^*mu^+mu^- anomalies are concerned the Z' scenario can significantly soften these anomalies while the Z boson fails because of the small vector coupling to muons. We also point out that recent proposals of explaining these anomalies with the help of a real Wilson coefficient C^NP_9 implies uniquely an enhancement of Delta M_s with respect to its SM value, while a complex C^NP_9 allows for both enhancement and suppression of Delta M_s and simultaneously novel CP-violating effects. We also discuss briefly scenarios in which the Z' boson has RH FCNC couplings. In this context we point out a number of correlations between angular observables measured in B_d->K^*mu^+ mu^- that arise in the absence of new CP-violating phases in scenarios with only LH or RH couplings or scenarios in which LH and RH couplings are equal to each other or differ by sign.
description: 53 pages, 20 figures; one additional figure, references and few explanations added; conclusions unchanged; to appear in JHEP
A tour on Hermitian symmetric manifolds
Creators: name: Viviani, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Hermitian symmetric manifolds are Hermitian manifolds which are homogeneous and such that every point has a symmetry preserving the Hermitian structure. The aim of these notes is to present an introduction to this important class of manifolds, trying to survey the several different perspectives from which Hermitian symmetric manifolds can be studied.
description: 56 pages, expanded version. Written for the Proceedings of the CIME-CIRM summer course "Combinatorial Algebraic Geometry". Comments are still welcome!
Locality of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking and Universal Spacing Distribution of Topological Defects Formed Across a Phase Transition
Creators: name: del Campo, Adolfo
name: Gómez-Ruiz, Fernando Javier
name: Zhang, Hai-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crossing of a continuous phase transition results in the formation of topological defects with a density predicted by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM). We characterize the spatial distribution of point-like topological defects in the resulting nonequilibrium state and model it using a Poisson point process in arbitrary spatial dimension with KZM density. Numerical simulations in a one-dimensional $ϕ^4$ theory unveil short-distance defect-defect corrections stemming from the kink excluded volume, while in two spatial dimensions, our model accurately describes the vortex spacing distribution in a strongly-coupled superconductor indicating the suppression of defect-defect spatial correlations.
description: Main text: 7 pages, 3 Figures. Appendixes: 5 pages, and 2 Figures
Synthesis, structural characterization by experimental and theoretical approaches of a new hydrazine derivative Schiff base compound
Creators: name: Tarı, Gonca Özdemir
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this work, 6,6′-((1E,1′E)-hydrazine-1,2-diylidenebis(methanylylidene))bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenol), C18H20N2O6, which is a new symmetrical hydrazine derivative Schiff base compound was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, such as FT-IR and Raman, UV-Vis, NMR (1H and 13C) spectroscopies. In addition, the title compound’s thermal behavior was analyzed using TG/DTA techniques. The structure was determined by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique performed on a single crystal. Besides, computational methods were performed with the Density Functional Theory (DFT)/B3LYP method using the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The UV-Vis, chemical shifts for NMR, harmonic vibrational frequencies, infrared intensities, and Raman scattering activities in the ground state were performed same levels of theory. Intra- and inter-molecular interactions were determined using HS analysis. On the other hand, nucleophilic and electrophilic interactions were investigated using MEP and Fukui analysis. The experimental and computational results were compared comprehensively. To be able to examine the binding pattern of the compound with the PDB ID: 3BPF inhibitor targets were determined computationally by molecular docking studies. And also, HOMO and LUMO analysis, Mulliken and natural charge analysis, thermodynamic and non-linear optical properties were determined.
On finding a penetrable obstacle using a single electromagnetic wave in the time domain
Creators: name: Ikehata, Masaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30, 78A46, 78A40, 35R05, 35Q60, 35B40, 35R25

description: The time domain enclosure method is one of analytical methods for inverse obstacle problems governed by partial differential equations in the time domain. This paper considers the case when the governing equation is given by the Maxwell system and consists of two parts. The first part establishes the base of the time domain enclosure method for the Maxwell system using a single set of the solutions over a finite time interval for a general (isotropic) inhomogeneous medium in the whole space. It is a system of asymptotic inequalities for the indicator function which may enable us to apply the time domain enclosure method to the problem of finding unknown penetrable obstacles embedded in various background media. As a first step of its expected applications, the case when the background medium is homogeneous and isotropic, is considered and the time domain enclosure method is realized. This is the second part.
description: 22 pages, self revision, introduction revised, on page 5 conditions (B.I), (B.II) and (B.III) introduced, Theorem 1.2 revised, on page 6 another indicator function introduced, Corollary 1.1 created, subsection 3.3 revised, Lemma 3.2 together with the proof revised, grant information added, references [2], [25] added
Attentional-Biased Stochastic Gradient Descent
Creators: name: Qi, Qi
name: Xu, Yi
name: Jin, Rong
name: Yin, Wotao
name: Yang, Tianbao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we present a simple yet effective provable method (named ABSGD) for addressing the data imbalance or label noise problem in deep learning. Our method is a simple modification to momentum SGD where we assign an individual importance weight to each sample in the mini-batch. The individual-level weight of sampled data is systematically proportional to the exponential of a scaled loss value of the data, where the scaling factor is interpreted as the regularization parameter in the framework of distributionally robust optimization (DRO). Depending on whether the scaling factor is positive or negative, ABSGD is guaranteed to converge to a stationary point of an information-regularized min-max or min-min DRO problem, respectively. Compared with existing class-level weighting schemes, our method can capture the diversity between individual examples within each class. Compared with existing individual-level weighting methods using meta-learning that require three backward propagations for computing mini-batch stochastic gradients, our method is more efficient with only one backward propagation at each iteration as in standard deep learning methods. ABSGD is flexible enough to combine with other robust losses without any additional cost. Our empirical studies on several benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.\footnote{Code is available at:\url{https://github.com/qiqi-helloworld/ABSGD/}}
description: 29 pages
Faster Born probability estimation via gate merging and frame optimisation
Creators: name: Koukoulekidis, Nikolaos
name: Kwon, Hyukjoon
name: Jee, Hyejung H.
name: Jennings, David
name: Kim, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Outcome probability estimation via classical methods is an important task for validating quantum computing devices. Outcome probabilities of any quantum circuit can be estimated using Monte Carlo sampling, where the amount of negativity present in the circuit frame representation quantifies the overhead on the number of samples required to achieve a certain precision. In this paper, we propose two classical sub-routines: circuit gate merging and frame optimisation, which optimise the circuit representation to reduce the sampling overhead. We show that the runtimes of both sub-routines scale polynomially in circuit size and gate depth. Our methods are applicable to general circuits, regardless of generating gate sets, qudit dimensions and the chosen frame representations for the circuit components. We numerically demonstrate that our methods provide improved scaling in the negativity overhead for all tested cases of random circuits with Clifford+$T$ and Haar-random gates, and that the performance of our methods compares favourably with prior quasi-probability simulators as the number of non-Clifford gates increases.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures. Comments welcome
Winter gifts for river ecosystems: a massive supply of earthworms in early winter
Creators: name: Okamiya, Hisanori
name: Furusawa, Chiharu
name: FUTAMURA, RYO
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Community ecology (excl. invasive species ecology)

description: Data and R code for "Winter gifts for river ecosystems: a massive supply of earthworms in early winter"