cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Is Ghana’s pro-poor health insurance scheme really for the poor? Evidence from Northern Ghana
Creators: name: Akazili, James
name: Welaga, Paul
name: Bawah, Ayaga
name: Achana, Fabian
name: Oduro, Abraham
name: Awoonor-Williams, John
name: Williams, John
name: Aikins, Moses
name: Phillips, James
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Public health

description: Protecting the poor and vulnerable against the cost of unforeseen ill health has become a global concern culminating in the 2005 World Health Assembly resolution urging member states to ensure financial protection to all citizens, especially children and women of reproductive age. Ghana provides financial protection to its citizens through the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). Launched in 2004, its proponents claim that the NHIS is a pro-poor financial commitment that implements the World Health Assembly resolution. Using 2011 survey data collected in seven districts in northern Ghana from 5469 women aged 15 to 49 the paper explores the extent to which poor child-bearing age mothers are covered by the NHIS in Ghana’s poorest and most remote region. Factors associated with enrolment into the NHIS are estimated with logistic regression models employing covariates for household relative socio-economic status (SES), location of residence and maternal educational attainment, marital status, age, religion and financial autonomy. Results from the analysis showed that 33.9 percent of women in the lowest SES quintile compared to 58.3 percent for those in the highest quintile were insured. About 60 percent of respondents were registered. However, only 40 percent had valid insurance cards indicating that over 20 percent of the registered respondents did not have insurance cards. Thus, a fifth of the respondents were women who were registered but unprotected from the burden of health care payments. Results show that the relatively well educated, prosperous, married and Christian respondents were more likely to be insured than other women. Conversely, women living in remote households that were relatively poor or where traditional religion was practised had lower odds of insurance coverage. The results suggest that the NHIS is yet to achieve its goal of addressing the need of the poor for insurance against health related financial risks. To ultimately attain adequate equitable financial protection for its citizens, achieve universal health coverage in health care financing, and fully implement the World Health Assembly resolution, Ghana must reform enrolment policies in ways that guarantee pre-payment for the most poor and vulnerable households.
Analytical solutions to transportation decision-making
Creators: name: Lopes Gerum, Pedro Cesar
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: This dissertation introduces original analytical methodologies for decision-making in transportation systems. Moving away from the conventional yet burdensome simulation approaches, we advance closed-form solutions that describe transportation-related processes. It contains two parts. Part 1 concentrates on the problem of predicting congestion on roadways, and part 2 focuses on the problem of scheduling inspections for railway track maintenance.Part 1 provides a faster and more efficient method to determine traffic density behavior for long-term congestion management using minimal statistical information. Applications include road work, road improvements, and route choice. The research adapts and generalizes two models (off-peak and peak hours) for the probability mass function of traffic density on a major highway. It then validates them against real data. The studied corridor experiences randomly occurring service deterioration caused by accidents and inclement weather, such as snow and thunderstorms. We base the models on queuing theory, and we compare the fundamental diagram with the data.This research supports the validity of the models for each traffic condition under certain assumptions on the distributional properties of the associated randomparameters. Different scenarios demonstrate traffic congestion and traffic breakdown behavior under various deterioration levels. Last, we include a direct expansion of the model for non-space-homogeneous segments. These models, which account for non-recurrent congestion, can improve decision-making with no extensive datasets or time-consuming simulations.Part 2 considers inspection and maintenance activities in railways. They are essential to preserving railways’ safety and cost-effectiveness. Still, one of the leading causes of derailments, the stochastic nature of railway defect occurrence, is rarely present in the related literature. Defect occurrence has been investigated as a standalone problem by other authors. Even then, models concentrating on defect prediction demand large datasets of obscure parameters that can be costly or infeasible to gather.We propose a new method that relies on customary data for predicting track and geometry defects. We then develop a holistic approach to scheduling inspection and maintenance activities that integrates the prediction of railway defects into the problem. This integration is robust and allows for different constraints, such as crew limitations via a Multi-Armed-Bandit framework. Results indicate a high accuracy rate in prediction and effective scheduling policies that are adaptable to varying levels of risk tolerance. Finally, we theorize that search games can solve the final decision of where to inspect within the pre-defined segment.
Switching from originator infliximab to biosimilar versus continuing on originator in inflammatory bowel disease: results from the observational Project NORTH study
Creators: name: Hellström, Per M.
name: Gemmen, Eric
name: Ward, Heather A.
name: Koo, Hyewon
name: Faccin, Freddy
name: Xue, Zhenyi
name: Malmborg, Petter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Project NORTH compared real-world clinical and economic outcomes in Swedish patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who switched from originator infliximab to its biosimilar. Data from electronic medical records and Swedish national registries were linked. Switchers (patients switching from originator infliximab to its biosimilar between 1 April 2014, and 31 December 2017) and non-switchers (patients who received originator infliximab and did not switch to a biosimilar by 31 December 2017) were followed up until 31 October 2019. Baseline concomitant medication use, disease duration, and inflammatory markers were lower among switchers than non-switchers. At 6 months, the proportion of patients with stable disease was higher among switchers than non-switchers (71/109 [65%] vs 54/107 [50%]; p = .0385); differences were not significant in subsequent follow-ups. At 6 and 24 months, 98% and 93% of switchers, respectively, used concomitant medications versus 96% and 79% of non-switchers. Throughout the study, all-cause treatment discontinuation occurred in 74 (67%) switchers and 105 (95%) non-switchers. At 36-months, mean (SD) number of IBD-related in-patient care days was higher among non-switchers (2.95 [4.71]) than switchers (1.40 [4.20]), as were total medical costs (€16,740 vs €3,872). No substantial differences in clinical outcomes or healthcare resource utilization were observed between switchers and non-switchers. Several analyses indicate that non-switchers might have more poorly controlled/severe disease than switchers at baseline. Overall, numerous difficulties might arise when executing a high-quality, real-world study, including possible selection bias for patients with better disease control for NMS, limiting the generalizability of the results.
Kauffman-Harary conjecture for alternating virtual knots
Creators: name: Cheng, Zhiyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25

description: In 1999, Kauffman-Harary conjectured that every non-trivial Fox $p$-coloring of a reduced, alternating knot diagram with prime determinant $p$ is heterogeneous. Ten years later this conjecture was proved by W. Mattman and P. Solis. Mathew Williamson generalized this conjecture to alternating virtual knots and proved it for certain families of virtual knots. In the present note, we use the methods of W. Mattman and P. Solis to give an affirmative answer to the Kauffman-Harary conjecture for alternating virtual knots.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
A Study of the Durability of Concrete in Sea Water
Creators: name: Bangham, William Larribee
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1923
Subjects: subject: Civil Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The durability of concrete in sea water has been a very
widely debated question from the time that disintegration of concrete in sea water first became evident. Numerous investigations and reports have been made of isolated structures in various parts of the country and from these, hasty conclusions
have been reached which engineers, situated where different
conditions prevail, have not been warranted in accepting. A
few engineers have made investigations of a much wider scope
and consequently their conclusions should be given greater
weight.
QCD Evolution of the Sivers Asymmetry
Creators: name: Echevarria, Miguel G.
name: Idilbi, Ahmad
name: Kang, Zhong-Bo
name: Vitev, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the QCD evolution of the Sivers effect in both semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) and Drell-Yan production (DY). We pay close attention to the non-perturbative spin-independent Sudakov factor in the evolution formalism and find a universal form which can describe reasonably well the experimental data on the transverse momentum distributions in SIDIS, DY lepton pair and $W/Z$ production. With this Sudakov factor at hand, we perform a global fitting of all the experimental data on the Sivers asymmetry in SIDIS from HERMES, COMPASS and Jefferson Lab. We then make predictions for the Sivers asymmetry in DY lepton pair and $W$ production that can be compared to the future experimental measurements to test the sign change of the Sivers functions between SIDIS and DY processes and constrain the sea quark Sivers functions.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, published version in PRD
A critical evaluation of PI3K inhibition in Glioblastoma and Neuroblastoma therapy
Creators: name: Westhoff, Mike-Andrew
name: Karpel-Massler, Georg
name: Brühl, Oliver
name: Enzenmüller, Stefanie
name: La Ferla-Brühl, Katia
name: Siegelin, Markus D.
name: Nonnenmacher, Lisa
name: Debatin, Klaus-Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Members of the PI3K/Akt/mTor signaling cascade are among the most frequently altered proteins in cancer, yet the therapeutic application of pharmacological inhibitors of this signaling network, either as monotherapy or in combination therapy (CT) has so far not been particularly successful. In this review we will focus on the role of PI3K/Akt/mTOR in two distinct tumors, Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an adult brain tumor which frequently exhibits PTEN inactivation, and Neuroblastoma (NB), a childhood malignancy that affects the central nervous system and does not harbor any classic alterations in PI3K/Akt signaling. We will argue that inhibitors of PI3K/Akt signaling can be components for potentially promising new CTs in both tumor entities, but further understanding of the signal cascade’s complexity is essential for successful implementation of these CTs. Importantly, failure to do this might lead to severe adverse effects, such as treatment failure and enhanced therapy resistance.
The reception of relativity in the Netherlands
Creators: name: van Besouw, Jip
name: van Dongen, Jeroen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article reviews the early academic and public reception of Albert Einstein's theory of relativity in the Netherlands, particularly after Arthur Eddington's eclipse experiments of 1919. Initially, not much attention was given to relativity, as it did not seem an improvement over Hendrik A. Lorentz' work. This changed after the arrival in Leiden of Paul Ehrenfest. Soon relativity was much studied and lead to controversy among a number of conservative intellectuals, as elsewhere in Europe. The tone of Dutch critics was much more mild, however. This can be understood when one considers Dutch neutrality during World War I. Einstein's political positions were generally positively perceived in Holland, which Dutch academics put to use in their efforts at international reconciliation abroad, and the presentation of theoretical physics at home.
Preferences for working in rural clinics among trainee health professionals in Uganda: a discrete choice experiment
Creators: name: Tulenko, Kate
name: Rockers, Peter C.
name: Jaskiewicz, Wanda
name: Wurts, Laura
name: Kruk, Margaret E.
name: Mgomella, George S.
name: Ntalazi, Francis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Health services administration
Medical care

description: Health facilities require teams of health workers with complementary skills and responsibilities to efficiently provide quality care. In low-income countries, failure to attract and retain health workers in rural areas reduces population access to health services and undermines facility performance, resulting in poor health outcomes. It is important that governments consider health worker preferences in crafting policies to address attraction and retention in underserved areas. We investigated preferences for job characteristics among final year medical, nursing, pharmacy, and laboratory students at select universities in Uganda. Participants were administered a cadre-specific discrete choice experiment that elicited preferences for attributes of potential job postings they were likely to pursue after graduation. Job attributes included salary, facility quality, housing, length of commitment, manager support, training tuition, and dual practice opportunities. Mixed logit models were used to estimate stated preferences for these attributes. Data were collected from 246 medical students, 132 nursing students, 50 pharmacy students and 57 laboratory students. For all student-groups, choice of job posting was strongly influenced by salary, facility quality and manager support, relative to other attributes. For medical and laboratory students, tuition support for future training was also important, while pharmacy students valued opportunities for dual practice. In Uganda, financial and non-financial incentives may be effective in attracting health workers to underserved areas. Our findings contribute to mounting evidence that salary is not the only important factor health workers consider when deciding where to work. Better quality facilities and supportive managers were important to all students. Similarities in preferences for these factors suggest that team-based, facility-level strategies for attracting health workers may be appropriate. Improving facility quality and training managers to be more supportive of facility staff may be particularly cost-effective, as investments are borne once while benefits accrue to a range of health workers at the facility.
Some Observations on the "Germanic" Plainchant Tradition
Creators: name: Blachly, Alexander
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Music

description: Anyone examining the various notational systems according to which medieval scribes committed the plainchant repertory to written form must be impressed both by the obvious relatedness of the systems and by their differences. There are three main categories: the neumatic notations from the ninth, tenth, and eleventh centuries (written without a staff and incapable, therefore, of indicating precise pitches); the quadratic notation in use in Italy, Spain, France, and England-the "Romanic" landsfrom the twelfth century on (this is the "traditional" plainchant notation, written usually on a four-line staff and found also in most twentieth century printed books, e.g., Liber usualis, Antiphonale monasticum, Graduale Romanum); and the several types of Germanic notation that use a staff but retain many of the features of their neumatic ancestors.
Entanglement in fermionic Fock space
Creators: name: Sárosi, Gábor
name: Lévay, Péter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generalization of the usual SLOCC and LU classification of entangled pure state fermionic systems based on the Spin group. Our generalization uses the fact that there is a representation of this group acting on the fermionic Fock space which when restricted to fixed particle number subspaces recovers naturally the usual SLOCC transformations. The new ingredient is the occurrence of Bogoliubov transformations of the whole Fock space changing the particle number. The classification scheme built on the Spin group prohibits naturally entanglement between states containing even and odd number of fermions. In our scheme the problem of classification of entanglement types boils down to the classification of spinors where totally separable states are represented by so called pure spinors. We construct the basic invariants of the Spin group and show how some of the known SLOCC invariants are just their special cases. As an example we present the classification of fermionic systems with a Fock space based on six single particle states. An intriguing duality between two different possibilities for embedding three-qubit systems inside the fermionic ones is revealed. This duality is elucidated via an interesting connection to configurations of wrapped membranes reinterpreted as qubits.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure
Dark decay of the top quark
Creators: name: Kong, Kyoungchul
name: Lee, Hye-Sung
name: Park, Myeonghun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest top quark decays as a venue to search for light dark force carriers. The top quark is the heaviest particle in the standard model whose decays are relatively poorly measured, allowing sufficient room for exotic decay modes from new physics. A very light (GeV scale) dark gauge boson (Z') is a recently highlighted hypothetical particle that can address some astrophysical anomalies as well as the 3.6 sigma deviation in the muon g-2 measurement. We present and study a possible scenario that top quark decays as t -> b W + Z's. This is the same as the dominant top quark decay (t -> b W) accompanied by one or multiple dark force carriers. The Z' can be easily boosted, and it can decay into highly collimated leptons (lepton-jet) with large branching ratio. We discuss the implications for the Large Hadron Collider experiments including the analysis based on the lepton-jets.
description: Version to appear in PRD
Title Summary for policymakers of the regional assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services for Europe and Central Asia of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: Appendix 5.2
Creators: name: IPBES
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Europe and Central Asia Assessment
IPBES
Supplementary material

description: Main features for global pathway studies analysed. Terminology for narratives and pathways from section 5.5.2.
Supplementary materials from Estimating the distribution of time to extinction of infectious diseases in mean-field approaches
Creators: name: Aliee, Maryam
name: Rock, Kat S.
name: Keeling, Matt J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60199 Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It contains supplementary figures and tables and the description of methods.
Historical Overview of Latinos and Planning in the Southwest: 1900 to the Present
Creators: name: Irazabal Zurita, Clara E.
name: Farhat, Ramzi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: City planning
Cities and towns--Study and teaching
Ethnicity

description: The historical experience of Latino communities is marked by segregation, poverty, and discrimination. Through a critical understanding of the effects of cultural, economic, and governance processes on urbanization patterns, placemakers start to reverse these effects in the contemporary moment. This chapter presents an account of the challenges, opportunities, and agents of change in the three historical periods of pre-Second World War, post-war, and in contemporary Latino communities, with a focus on Mexican Americans in the US Southwest. As with black communities in the South, for decades urban planning facilitated the segregationist management of Latino neighborhoods and proceeded unabated through the control of land use, discriminatory practices, and resistance to Latino social mobility. Latinos over the years have been victims of the “barrioization” of their communities: the effect of policies and processes of domination by the mainstream non-Latino white society resulting in the formation of residentially and socially segregated Latino neighborhoods. Communities fought back through grassroots movements that created local civic institutions—such as community development corporations—that have been instrumental in resisting marginalization and subordination, and critical in refocusing and channeling policy to the specific needs of neighborhoods. To resist barrioization, Latino communities have engaged in “barriological” practices that recreate and re-imagine “dominant urban space as community-enabling place.”4 In other words, through a variety of tactics—many of them informal—and social actions, Latinos have reclaimed spaces that at best were insensitive to their cultural needs, and at worst, were designed to disenfranchise.
Topologically stable gapped state in a layered superconductor
Creators: name: Cariglia, Marco
name: Vargas-Paredes, Alfredo A.
name: Doria, Mauro M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a layered superconductor, described by a two-component order parameter, has a gapped state above the ground state, topologically protected from decay, containing flow and counter flow in the absence of an applied magnetic field. This state is made of skyrmions, breaks time reversal symmetry and produces a weak local magnetic field below the present threshold of detection by $μ$SR and NMR/NQR. We estimate the density of carriers that condense into the pseudogap.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
A systems approach identifies co-signaling molecules of early growth response 1 transcription factor in immobilization stress
Creators: name: Papanikolaou, Nikolaos
name: Tillinger, Andrej
name: Liu, Xiaoping
name: Papavassiliou, Athanasios
name: Sabban, Esther
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biochemistry

description: Adaptation to stress is critical for survival. The adrenal medulla, the major source of epinephrine, plays an important role in the development of the hyperadenergic state and increased risk for stress associated disorders, such as hypertension and myocardial infarction. The transcription factor Egr1 plays a central role in acute and repeated stress, however the complexity of the response suggests that other transcription factor pathways might be playing equally important roles during acute and repeated stress. Therefore, we sought to discover such factors by applying a systems approach. Using microarrays and network analysis we show here for the first time that the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) gene is activated in acute stress whereas the prolactin releasing hormone (Prlh11) and chromogranin B (Chgb) genes are induced in repeated immobilization stress and that along with Egr1 may be critical mediators of the stress response. Our results suggest possible involvement of Stat3 and Prlh1/Chgb up-regulation in the transition from short to repeated stress activation.
Coordination Control of Discrete-Event Systems Revisited
Creators: name: Komenda, Jan
name: Masopust, Tomas
name: van Schuppen, Jan H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we revise and further investigate the coordination control approach proposed for supervisory control of distributed discrete-event systems with synchronous communication based on the Ramadge-Wonham automata framework. The notions of conditional decomposability, conditional controllability, and conditional closedness ensuring the existence of a solution are carefully revised and simplified. The paper is generalized to non-prefix-closed languages, that is, supremal conditionally controllable sublanguages of not necessary prefix-closed languages are discussed. Non-prefix-closed languages introduce the blocking issue into coordination control, hence a procedure to compute a coordinator for nonblockingness is included. The optimization problem concerning the size of a coordinator is under investigation. We prove that to find the minimal extension of the coordinator event set for which a given specification language is conditionally decomposable is NP-hard. In other words, unless P=NP, it is not possible to find a polynomial algorithm to compute the minimal coordinator with respect to the number of events.
Assessing the implementation effectiveness and safety of 1% tenofovir gel provision through family planning services in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: protocol for an open-label randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Mansoor, Leila
name: Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
name: Mngadi, Kathryn
name: Dlamini, Sarah
name: Montague, Carl
name: Nkomonde, Nelisiwe
name: Mvandaba, Nomzamo
name: Baxter, Cheryl
name: Gengiah, Tanuja
name: Samsunder, Natasha
name: Dawood, Halima
name: Grobler, Anneke
name: Frohlich, Janet
name: Abdool Karim, Salim
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine
Epidemiology

description: The Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA) 004 trial demonstrated a 39% reduction in HIV infection, with a 54% HIV reduction in women who used tenofovir gel consistently. A confirmatory trial is expected to report results in early 2015. In the interim, we have a unique window of opportunity to prepare for and devise effective strategies for the future policy and programmatic scale-up of tenofovir gel provision. One approach is to integrate tenofovir gel provision into family planning (FP) services. The CAPRISA 008 implementation trial provides an opportunity to provide post-trial access to tenofovir gel while generating empiric evidence to assess whether integrating tenofovir gel provision into routine FP services can achieve similar levels of adherence as the CAPRISA 004 trial. This is a two-arm, open-label, randomized controlled non-inferiority trial. A maximum of 700 sexually active, HIV-uninfected women aged 18 years and older who previously participated in an antiretroviral prevention study will be enrolled from an urban and rural site in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The anticipated study duration is 30 months, with active accrual requiring approximately 12 months (following which an open cohort will be maintained) and follow-up continuing for approximately 18 months. At each of the two sites, eligible participants will be randomly assigned to receive tenofovir gel through either FP services (intervention arm) or through the CAPRISA research clinics (control arm). As part of the study intervention, a quality improvement approach will be used to assist the FP services to expand their current services to include tenofovir gel provision. This protocol aims to address an important implementation question on whether FP services are able to effectively incorporate tenofovir gel provision for this at-risk group of women in South Africa. Provision of tenofovir gel to the women from the CAPRISA 004 trial meets the ethical obligation for post-trial access, and helps identify a potential avenue for future scale-up of microbicides within the public health system of South Africa. This trial was registered with the South Africa Department of Health (reference: DOH-27-0812-4129) and ClinicalTrials.gov (reference: NCT01691768) on 05 July 2012.
The Structure of the Evolved Circumbinary Disk around V4046 Sgr
Creators: name: Rosenfeld, Katherine A.
name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Wilner, David J.
name: Kastner, J. H.
name: McClure, M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present sensitive, sub-arcsecond resolution Submillimeter Array observations of the protoplanetary disk around the nearby, pre-main sequence spectroscopic binary V4046 Sgr. We report for the first time a large inner hole (r=29 AU) spatially resolved in the 1.3 mm continuum emission and study the structure of this disk using radiative transfer calculations to model the spectral energy distribution (SED), continuum visibilities, and spectral line emission of CO and its main isotopologues. Our modeling scheme demonstrates that the majority of the dust mass is distributed in a narrow ring (centered at 37 AU with a FWHM of 16 AU) that is ~5 times more compact than the gas disk. This structure implies that the dust-to-gas mass ratio has a strong spatial variation, ranging from a value much larger than typical of the interstellar medium (ISM) at the ring to much smaller than that of the ISM at larger disk radii. We suggest that these basic structural features are potentially observational signatures of the accumulation of solids at a local gas pressure maximum. These models also require a substantial population of ~micron-sized grains inside the central disk cavity. We suggest that this structure is likely the result of dynamical interactions with a low-mass companion, although photoevaporation may also play a secondary role.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Force sensor in simulated skin and neural model mimic tactile SAI afferent spiking response to ramp and hold stimuli
Creators: name: Kim, Elmer
name: Wellnitz, Scott
name: Bourdon, Sarah
name: Lumpkin, Ellen A.
name: Gerling, Gregory
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: The next generation of prosthetic limbs will restore sensory feedback to the nervous system by mimicking how skin mechanoreceptors, innervated by afferents, produce trains of action potentials in response to compressive stimuli. Prior work has addressed building sensors within skin substitutes for robotics, modeling skin mechanics and neural dynamics of mechanotransduction, and predicting response timing of action potentials for vibration. The effort here is unique because it accounts for skin elasticity by measuring force within simulated skin, utilizes few free model parameters for parsimony, and separates parameter fitting and model validation. Additionally, the ramp-and-hold, sustained stimuli used in this work capture the essential features of the everyday task of contacting and holding an object. This systems integration effort computationally replicates the neural firing behavior for a slowly adapting type I (SAI) afferent in its temporally varying response to both intensity and rate of indentation force by combining a physical force sensor, housed in a skin-like substrate, with a mathematical model of neuronal spiking, the leaky integrate-and-fire. Comparison experiments were then conducted using ramp-and-hold stimuli on both the spiking-sensor model and mouse SAI afferents. The model parameters were iteratively fit against recorded SAI interspike intervals (ISI) before validating the model to assess its performance. Model-predicted spike firing compares favorably with that observed for single SAI afferents. As indentation magnitude increases (1.2, 1.3, to 1.4 mm), mean ISI decreases from 98.81 ± 24.73, 54.52 ± 6.94, to 41.11 ± 6.11 ms. Moreover, as rate of ramp-up increases, ISI during ramp-up decreases from 21.85 ± 5.33, 19.98 ± 3.10, to 15.42 ± 2.41 ms. Considering first spikes, the predicted latencies exhibited a decreasing trend as stimulus rate increased, as is observed in afferent recordings. Finally, the SAI afferent’s characteristic response of producing irregular ISIs is shown to be controllable via manipulating the output filtering from the sensor or adding stochastic noise. This integrated engineering approach extends prior works focused upon neural dynamics and vibration. Future efforts will perfect measures of performance, such as first spike latency and irregular ISIs, and link the generation of characteristic features within trains of action potentials with current pulse waveforms that stimulate single action potentials at the peripheral afferent.
Electrodynamics in Skyrmions Merging
Creators: name: Takashima, Rina
name: Fujimoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent study the coalescence of magnetic skyrmions was observed in a metallic chiral magnet Fe0.5Co0.5Si when the skyrmion phase is destroyed, and numerical simulations demonstrated the existence of a monopole at the merging point of two skyrmion lines. The exchange interaction between such magnetic textures and the conduction electrons can be described by emergent electromagnetism. In this paper, we investigate the effect of a skyrmions-merging process on conduction electrons by calculating induced electric currents. Here, in addition to the exchange interactions, we consider the antisymmetric spin-orbit couplings (SOC) due to broken inversion symmetry, which is an essential ingredient for the realization of skyrmion texture in the itinerant magnet Fe0.5Co0.5Si. We obtain an adiabatic current which is dissipationless, and dissipative currents driven by the effective electromagnetic fields including the effect of SOC. In terms of the effective fields, a moving monopole at the merging point turns out to be a dyon-like object; i.e. it has both electric charge and magnetic charge.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Discovery of New Companions to High Proper Motion Stars from the VVV Survey
Creators: name: Ivanov, Valentin D.
name: Minniti, Dante
name: Hempel, Maren
name: Kurtev, Radostin
name: Toledo, Ignacio
name: Saito, Roberto K.
name: Alonso-Garcia, Javier
name: Beamin, Juan Carlos
name: Borissova, Jura
name: Catelan, Marcio
name: Chene, Andre-Nicolas
name: Emerson, Jim
name: Gonzalez, Oscar A.
name: Lucas, Phillip W.
name: Martin, Eduardo L.
name: Rejkuba, Marina
name: Gromadzki, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [abridged] The severe crowding in the direction of the inner Milky Way suggests that the census of stars within a few tens of parsecs in that direction may not be complete. We search for new nearby objects companions of known high proper motion (HPM) stars located towards the densest regions of the Southern Milky Way where the background contamination presented a major problem to previous works. The common proper motion (PM) method was used--we inspected the area around 167 known HPM (>=200 mas/yr) stars: 67 in the disk and 100 in the bulge. Multi-epoch images were provided by 2MASS and the VISTA Variables in Via Lactea (VVV). The VVV is a new on-going ZYJHKs plus multi-epoch Ks survey of ~562 deg^2 of Milky Way's bulge and inner Southern disk. Seven new co-moving companions were discovered around known HPM stars; six known co-moving pairs were recovered; a pair of stars that was thought to be co-moving was found to have different proper motions; published HPMs of eight stars were not confirmed; last but not least, spectral types ranging from G8V to M5V were derived from new infrared spectroscopy for seventeen stars, members of the co-moving pairs. The seven newly discovered stars constitute ~4% of the nearby HPM star list but this is not a firm limit on the HPM star incompleteness because our starting point--the HPM list assembled from the literature--is incomplete itself, missing many nearby HPM M and L type objects, and it is contaminated with non-HPM stars. We have demonstrated, that the superior sub-arcsec spatial resolution, with respect to previous surveys, allows the VVV to examine further the binary nature nature of known HPM stars. The >=5 yr span of VVV will provide sufficient baseline for finding new HPM stars from VVV data alone.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A; 14 pages, 3 figures, 6 tables
title: Μηχανικές ιδιότητες δοκιμίων SLS προσθετικών κατασκευών
title: Mechanical properties of SLS AM specimens
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Βλάσσης, Μάριος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: 3D Printing
Προσθετική κατασκευή
Μηχανικές ιδιότητες
Selective laser sintering
Τρισδιάστατη εκτύπωση
Additive manufacturing

description: Η τρισδιάστατη εκτύπωση αποτελεί μια πρώιμη ιδέα των τελευταίων χρόνων. Ολοένα και διαφορετικές τεχνολογίες παρουσιάζονται στον τομέα με εξελιγμένες μεθόδους και περισσότερες δυνατότητες εκτύπωσης και δημιουργίας. Πλέον εκτός από τους τομείς της βιομηχανίας, η τρισδιάστατη εκτύπωση χρησιμοποιείται και για οικιακή χρήση, όντας οικονομική και εύχρηστη τεχνολογία. Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία αρχικά παρουσιάζεται η ιστορική αναδρομή της τεχνολογίας καθώς και η θεωρία σχετικά με τις τεχνολογίες και τα υλικά που υπάρχουν στις προσθετικές κατασκευές. Έπειτα παρουσιάζεται η μεθοδολογία που πρόκειται να ακολουθηθεί, ο πειραματικός σχεδιασμός και τα βήματα για την πραγματοποίηση της πειραματικής διαδικασίας. Στο πειραματικό μέρος της εργασίας, ουσιαστικά πραγματοποιείται ένα πλήθος τρισδιάστατων εκτυπώσεων SLS με διαφορετικές παραμέτρους εκτύπωσης για διάφορες περιπτώσεις. Τα εκτυπωμένα δοκίμια έπειτά, υποβάλλονται σε μηχανικές καταπονήσεις εφελκυσμού και τα αποτελέσματα συγκρίνονται μεταξύ τους με τη βοήθεια διαγραμμάτων. Με το πέρας της διαδικασία των δοκίμων και μέσω στατιστικής ανάλυσης προκύπτει ο βέλτιστος συνδυασμός παραμέτρων, αλλά και η παράμετρος που επηρεάζει σε μεγαλύτερο βαθμό τις μηχανικές ιδιότητες ενός αντικειμένου παραγόμενου μέσω της τεχνολογίας SLS. Τέλος, πραγματοποιείται συζήτηση για την ανασκόπηση της παρούσας διπλωματικής, αναλύονται τα συμπεράσματα της εργασίας καθώς και τα προβλήματα που παρουσιάστηκαν με τις πιθανές λύσεις τους, αλλά δίνονται και περιθώρια βελτίωσης τα οποία επιτρέπουν την εξέλιξη αντίστοιχων ερευνών στο τομέα των προσθετικών κατασκευών.
O CONSELHO
Creators: name: Pavao Santana, Jose Claudio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ano 11 – n. 37/2023 – https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8313519

Corre pela mídia alugada a ideia de que a criação de um conselho

federativo proposto pela tal reforma tributária seria um avanço.

Lembrei de uns versos de quando acreditei nos propósitos de Chico

Buarque:
title: How does the novel insecticide flupyradifurone affect honeybee longevity and behavior?
Creators: name: Scheiner, Ricarda
name: Schuhmann, Antonia
name: Hesselbach, Hannah
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2020

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 465 (2020): Hazards of pesticides to bees - 14th International Symposium of the ICP-PR Bee Protection Group, October 23 - 25, 2019 Bern, Switzerland - Proceedings -
Stereochemical determination of NMR chemical shifts in marine terpenoids, antheliol and sangiangol B, using DFT calculations
Creators: name: Hanif, Novriyandi
name: Dinelsa, Fabians Faisal
name: Yanti, Henny Dwi
name: Murni, Anggia
name: Tanaka, Junichi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Stereochemical determination of the flexible trinor-guaiane sesquiterpenoid, antheliol (1a) and the flexible diterpenoid, sangiangol B (2a), isolated from a marine soft coral, Anthelia sp., was supported by quantum chemical calculations of NMR chemical shifts at DFT levels. The relative configuration of antheliol is now revealed, as 1S*, 4S*, 7S*, 10R* as in 1b, whereas sangiangol B (2c) has complete stereochemistry as 1S*, 7R*, 8R*, 10R*, 11R*, 12S*.
65 Primary Studies SMS CG-Bib Tex
Creators: name: Cathy, Guevara-Vega
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Empirical Software Engineering
methodological proposals
systematic mapping study
experimental process

description: File *.bib (Bib Tex) of 65 primary studies SMS: "Methodological proposals in Empirical Software Engineering - A literature survey"
Temporal trends and risk factors for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in adults with catheter-associated urinary tract infections
Creators: name: Spadafino, Joseph
name: Cohen, Bevin A.
name: Liu, Jianfang
name: Larson, Elaine L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Epidemiology
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli cause up to 10% of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). We report changes in ESBL prevalence among CAUTIs in an adult acute care hospital from 2006-2012 and describe factors associated ESBL-production among E. coli CAUTI. Data on patients ≥18 years discharged from a 647-bed tertiary/quaternary care hospital (2006-2012), a 221-bed community hospital (2007-2012), and a 914-bed tertiary/quaternary care hospital (2008) were obtained retrospectively from an electronic database (N = 415,430 discharges). Infections were identified using a previously validated electronic algorithm. Information on medical conditions and treatments were collected from electronic health records and discharge billing codes. A case-control design was used to determine factors associated with having a CAUTI caused by an ESBL-producing E. coli versus a non-ESBL-producing E. coli. Changes in yearly proportion of ESBL E. coli CAUTI at the 647-bed tertiary/quaternary care hospital were evaluated. ESBL increased from 4% in 2006 to 14% in 2012, peaking at 18% in 2009. Prior antibiotic treatment and urinary tract disease significantly increased odds of ESBL. This study provides evidence that treatment with beta-lactam and non-beta-lactam antibiotics is a risk factor for acquiring ESBL-producing E. coli CAUTI, and the prevalence of this organism may be increasing in acute care hospitals.
Multi-channel parallel continuous variable quantum key distribution with Gaussian modulation
Creators: name: Fang, Jian
name: Huang, Peng
name: Zeng, Guihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel scheme for continuous variable quantum key distribution(CV-QKD) using the subcarrier multiplexing technique which was employed in microwave photonics. This scheme allows to distribute N channels independent Gaussian modulated CV-QKD in parallel with one laser source and several phase modulators. We analyze the influence of nonlinear signal mixing and the security in the asymptotic limit. Results indicate that by using this multiplexing technique, each channel will be introduced a non-Gaussian extra source noise, resulting slightly short of the maximum transmission distance, while the total secret key rate can be considerably increased. This scheme could also be used for key distribution for multi-users and combined with the WDM devices it has the potential to construct a CV-QKD network.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Treatment outcomes among HIV-1 and HIV-2 infected children initiating antiretroviral therapy in a concentrated low prevalence setting in West Africa
Creators: name: Okomo, Uduak
name: Togun, Toyin
name: Oko, Francis
name: Peterson, Kevin
name: Townend, John
name: Peterson, Ingrid
name: Jaye, Assan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Epidemiology
Medicine

description: There is little data on responses to combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) among HIV-infected children in the West African region. We describe treatment outcomes among HIV-1 and HIV-2 infected children initiating cART in a research clinic in The Gambia, West Africa. All treatment naive HIV-infected children who initiated cART according to the WHO ART guidelines for children between October 2004 and December 2009 were included in the analysis. Kaplan-Meir estimates and sign-rank test were used to investigate the responses to treatment. 65 HIV-1 and five HIV-2 infected children aged
Automated free-energy calculation from atomistic simulations
Creators: name: Menon, Sarath
name: Lysogorskiy, Yury
name: Rogal, Jutta
name: Drautz, Ralf
name: Rogal, Jutta
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Phase diagrams
subject: Specific heat
subject: Molecular dynamics
subject: Thermodynamics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We devise automated workflows for the calculation of Helmholtz and Gibbs free energies and their temperature and pressure dependence and provide the corresponding computational tools. We employ nonequilibrium thermodynamics for evaluating the free energy of solid and liquid phases at a given temperature and reversible scaling for computing free energies over a wide range of temperatures, including the direct integration of P−T coexistence lines. By changing the chemistry and the interatomic potential, alchemical and upscaling free energy calculations are possible. Several examples illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of our implementation.