cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Android Assistant EyeMate for Blind and Blind Tracker
Creators: name: Tanveer, Md. Siddiqur Rahman
name: Hashem, M. M. A.
name: Hossain, Md. Kowsar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: At present many blind assistive systems have been implemented but there is no such kind of good system to navigate a blind person and also to track the movement of a blind person and rescue him/her if he/she is lost. In this paper, we have presented a blind assistive and tracking embedded system. In this system the blind person is navigated through a spectacle interfaced with an android application. The blind person is guided through Bengali/English voice commands generated by the application according to the obstacle position. Using voice command a blind person can establish voice call to a predefined number without touching the phone just by pressing the headset button. The blind assistive application gets the latitude and longitude using GPS and then sends them to a server. The movement of the blind person is tracked through another android application that points out the current position in Google map. We took distances from several surfaces like concrete and tiles floor in our experiment where the error rate is 5%.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1611.09480 by other author
Probing the resonance of Dirac particle by the application of complex momentum representation
Creators: name: Li, Niu
name: Shi, Min
name: Guo, Jian-You
name: Niu, Zhong-Ming
name: Liang, Haozhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonance plays critical roles in the formation of many physical phenomena, and several methods have been developed for the exploration of resonance. In this work, we propose a new scheme for resonance by solving the Dirac equation in complex momentum representation, in which the resonant states are exposed clearly in complex momentum plane and the resonance parameters can be determined precisely without imposing unphysical parameters. Combining with the relativistic mean-field theory, this method is applied to probe the resonances in $^{120}$Sn with the energies, widths, and wavefunctions being obtained. Comparing with other methods, this method is not only very effective for narrow resonances, but also can be reliably applied to broad resonances.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Osteichthyan fishes from the uppermost Norian (Triassic) of the Fuchsberg near Seinstedt, Lower Saxony (Germany)
Creators: name: Schultze, Hans-Peter
name: Arratia, Gloria
name: Hauschke, Norbert
name: Wilde, Volker
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 554

description: Fishes from the uppermost Norian Fuchsberg Quarry near Seinstedt are represented by two taxa that we interpret as a teleosteomorph (complete specimens) and actinistian (scales). Seinstedtia parva gen. et sp. nov. is described; although it was proposed as a possible semionotiform, this study reveals that Seinstedtia possesses a combination of teleosteomorph features, for instance: characteristic pholidophoriform-shaped cranial roof; fusion of skull roof bones; three dorso-posterior infraorbitals, including an enlarged infraorbital 3; one suborbital bone; movable premaxilla; and characteristic-shaped preopercle. In parallel, Seinstedtia possesses a head gently curved anteriorly, with lower jaw protruding slightly in front of upper jaw; supraorbital 1 forming most of antero-dorsal margin of circumorbital ring; one supramaxilla; three extrascapulae; cleithrum with short and broad lower arm; and enlarged clavicle. This character combination places Seinstedtia as a teleosteomorph, family incertae sedis. This fish (total length ca. 50 mm) and some pholidophorids (ca. 70 mm or less; Parapholidophorus nybelini and Pholidoctenus serianus) represent the known smallest teleosteomorphs that inhabited Europe during the Norian. The isolated scales are elasmoid of amioid type ornamented with the elongated ridges of actinistians. This diversity of teleosteomorphs and actinistians in Fuchsberg Quarry during the Triassic indicates a connection to a marine environment.
Controlling Rydberg atom excitations in dense background gases
Creators: name: Liebisch, Tara Cubel
name: Schlagmüller, Michael
name: Engel, Felix
name: Nguyen, Huan
name: Balewski, Jonathan
name: Lochead, Graham
name: Böttcher, Fabian
name: Westphal, Karl M.
name: Kleinbach, Kathrin S.
name: Schmid, Thomas
name: Gaj, Anita
name: Löw, Robert
name: Hofferberth, Sebastian
name: Pfau, Tilman
name: Pérez-Ríos, Jesús
name: Greene, Chris H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the density shift and broadening of Rydberg spectra measured in cold, dense atom clouds in the context of Rydberg atom spectroscopy done at room temperature, dating back to the experiments of Amaldi and Segrè in 1934. We discuss the theory first developed in 1934 by Fermi to model the mean-field density shift and subsequent developments of the theoretical understanding since then. In particular, we present a model whereby the density shift is calculated using a microscopic model in which the configurations of the perturber atoms within the Rydberg orbit are considered. We present spectroscopic measurements of a Rydberg atom, taken in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) and thermal clouds with densities varying from $5\times10^{14}\textrm{cm}^{-3}$ to $9\times10^{12}\textrm{cm}^{-3}$. The density shift measured via the spectrum's center of gravity is compared with the mean-field energy shift expected for the effective atom cloud density determined via a time of flight image. Lastly, we present calculations and data demonstrating the ability of localizing the Rydberg excitation via the density shift within a particular density shell for high principal quantum numbers.
description: 27 pages, 12 figures, Review Paper
Long-term outcomes stratified by age in patients with a mechanical versus biological mitral valve replacement
Creators: name: Veres, Gábor
name: Benke, Kálmán
name: Stengl, Roland
name: Weber, Petra
name: Marina, Ereva
name: Szabó, Gábor
name: Karck, Matthias
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Objectives: Balancing anticoagulation and reoperation risks determines prostheses choice (mechanical/biological) for mitral valve replacement. We aimed to re-evaluate the outcomes after biological versus mechanical mitral valve replacement. Methods: We compared long-term benefits and risks of mechanical and biological prostheses in 2056 patients (52% men, 48% women; 65.4 ± 12.1 years) who underwent mitral valve replacements between 1993-2017, in a retrospective single-centre study. Data sources included prospective institutional database, social registry, general practitioner data and follow-up questionnaire. Patients were stratified by age: < = 39 y (n = 82), 40-49 y (n = 164), 50-59 y (n = 335), 60-69 y (n = 593), 70-79 y (n = 743) and > = 80 y (n = 139). Long-term outcomes (mortality, reoperations, bleeding) were analysed. Results: Altogether, 1308 mechanical (53% men, 47% women; 61.5 ± 11.7 years) and 748 biological (50% men, 50% women; 72.3 ± 9.6 years) valves were implanted. The reason for valve replacement was stenosis in 162, insufficiency in 823 and combined in 323 cases for mechanical, while it was 46, 567 and 135 for biological valves, respectively. Overall cumulative survival was higher with mechanical prosthesis (mean: 139 ± 4 vs. 102 ± 5 months, 10 y: 55% vs. 33%, p < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis revealed higher survival among patients receiving mechanical prosthesis up to 60 years (< = 39 y p = 0.047, 40-49 y p < 0.0001, 50-59 y p = 0.001). In patients 60-69 years, overall survival did not differ; however, in survivors beyond 8 years, mechanical prosthesis showed improved survival (p = 0.014). While between 70-79 years survival was nearly identical, for above 80 years, patients had a higher survival with biological prosthesis (p = 0.014). Conclusion: The present data demonstrated a higher survival of mechanical prosthesis in a wide range of patients after mitral valve replacement.
Securely Outsourcing Large Scale Eigen Value Problem to Public Cloud
Creators: name: Moon, Jarin Firose
name: Aktar, Shamminuj
name: Hashem, M. M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cloud computing enables clients with limited computational power to economically outsource their large scale computations to a public cloud with huge computational power. Cloud has the massive storage, computational power and software which can be used by clients for reducing their computational overhead and storage limitation. But in case of outsourcing, privacy of client's confidential data must be maintained. We have designed a protocol for outsourcing large scale Eigen value problem to a malicious cloud which provides input/output data security, result verifiability and client's efficiency. As the direct computation method to find all eigenvectors is computationally expensive for large dimensionality, we have used power iterative method for finding the largest Eigen value and the corresponding Eigen vector of a matrix. For protecting the privacy, some transformations are applied to the input matrix to get encrypted matrix which is sent to the cloud and then decrypting the result that is returned from the cloud for getting the correct solution of Eigen value problem. We have also proposed result verification mechanism for detecting robust cheating and provided theoretical analysis and experimental result that describes high-efficiency, correctness, security and robust cheating resistance of the proposed protocol.
Localization or tunneling in asymmetric double-well potentials
Creators: name: Song, Dae-Yup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An asymmetric double-well potential is considered, assuming that the wells are parabolic around the minima. The WKB wave function of a given energy is constructed inside the barrier between the wells. By matching the WKB function to the exact wave functions of the parabolic wells on both sides of the barrier, for two almost degenerate states, we find a quantization condition for the energy levels which reproduces the known energy splitting formula between the two states. For the other low-lying non-degenerate states, we show that the eigenfunction should be primarily localized in one of the wells with negligible magnitude in the other. Using Dekker's method [Physica 146A (1987) 375], the present analysis generalizes earlier results for weakly biased double-well potentials to systems with arbitrary asymmetry.
Decoration of carbon nanotubes with MgO and CuFe2O4 as a nanorod composite for the removal of Pb (II) ion from aqueous media
Creators: name: Khedri, Tahereh
name: Esmaeili, Hossein
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The aim of this study was to fabricate CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 nanorod composite as a novel adsorbent for the removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous media. The structural features of CNT, CNT@MgO and CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 composite were studied by FTIR, XRD, VSM, BET, SEM, EDX, and Map analyses. BET analysis indicated that MgO/CNT and CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 composite have mesoporous structures. Also, the specific surface area of CNT@MgO and CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 were 84.84 and 95.79 m2/g, respectively. VSM analysis also indicated that the CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 composite has a paramagnetic property. Moreover, the utmost sorption efficiency of Pb (II) ions using CNT, CNT@MgO and CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 composite were obtained 92.37%, 96.34%, and 99.09%, respectively, indicating that the removal efficiencies were significantly increased by modifying the CNT surface. Besides, the maximum sorption capacity of CNT, CNT@MgO and CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 by the Langmuir model were 27.7, 32.68, and 47.62 mg/g, respectively, indicating that the CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 composite has the highest sorption capacity. Also, the equilibrium and thermodynamic behavior indicated that the sorption process of Pb (II) using all three adsorbents is physical, favorable, exothermic, and spontaneous. In general, the findings revealed that the CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 nanorod composite can be used effectively to remove Pb (II) ions from wastewater.
Phenotypic spectrum in recessive STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy : four novel cases and analysis of previously reported cases
Creators: name: Wan, Rensheng
name: Fänder, Johannes
name: Zakaraia, Ia
name: [Und Viele Weitere]
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Gain-of-function variants in the stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1 (STING1) gene cause STING-Associated Vasculopathy with onset in Infancy (SAVI). Previously, only heterozygous and mostly de novo STING1 variants have been reported to cause SAVI. Interestingly, one variant that only leads to SAVI when homozygous, namely c.841C>T p.(Arg281Trp), has recently been described. However, there are no entries in public databases regarding an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Here, we report four additional unrelated SAVI patients carrying c.841C>T in homozygous state. All patients had interstitial lung disease and displayed typical interferon activation patterns. Only one child displayed cutaneous vasculitis, while three other patients presented with a relatively mild SAVI phenotype. Steroid and baricitinib treatment had a mitigating effect on the disease phenotype in two cases, but failed to halt disease progression. Heterozygous c.841C>T carriers in our analysis were healthy and showed normal interferon activation. Literature review identified eight additional cases with autosomal recessive SAVI caused by c.841C>T homozygosity. In summary, we present four novel and eight historic cases of autosomal recessive SAVI. We provide comprehensive clinical data and show treatment regimens and clinical responses. To date, SAVI has been listed as an exclusively autosomal dominant inherited trait in relevant databases. With this report, we aim to raise awareness for autosomal recessive inheritance in this rare, severe disease which may aid in early diagnosis and development of optimized treatment strategies.
Deterministic strain-induced arrays of quantum emitters in a two-dimensional semiconductor
Creators: name: Branny, Artur
name: Kumar, Santosh
name: Proux, Raphaël
name: Gerardot, Brian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An outstanding challenge in quantum photonics is scalability, which requires positioning of single quantum emitters in a deterministic fashion. Site positioning progress has been made in established platforms including defects in diamond and self-assembled quantum dots, albeit often with compromised coherence and optical quality. The emergence of single quantum emitters in layered transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors offers new opportunities to construct a scalable quantum architecture. Here, using nanoscale strain engineering, we deterministically achieve a two-dimensional lattice of quantum emitters in an atomically thin semiconductor. We create point-like strain perturbations in mono- and bi-layer WSe2 which locally modify the band-gap, leading to efficient funneling of excitons towards isolated strain-tuned quantum emitters that exhibit high-purity single photon emission. These arrays of non-classical light emitters open new vistas for two-dimensional semiconductors in cavity quantum electrodynamics and integrated on-chip quantum photonics.
description: 10 pages including supplemental information, 9 figures
What should be the ontology for the Standard Model?
Creators: name: Jia, Ding
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the Standard Model of particle physics is usually formulated in terms of fields, it can be equivalently formulated in terms of particles and strings. In this picture particles and open strings are always coupled. This offers an intuitive and graphical explanation for the otherwise mysterious gauge symmetry. In addition, the particle-string formulation avoids introducing redundant path integral configurations that are present in the field formulation. For its explanatory power and economy, the particle-string ontology may be preferred over the field ontology for the Standard Model.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, published version
Scaling Theory of a Compressibility-Driven Metal-Insulator Transition in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
Creators: name: Belitz, D.
name: Kirkpatrick, T. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scaling description of a metal-insulator transition in two-dimensional electron systems that is driven by a vanishing compressibility rather than a vanishing diffusion coefficient. A small set of basic assumptions leads to a consistent theoretical framework that is compatible with existing transport and compressibility measurements, and allows to make predictions for other observables. We also discuss connections between these ideas and other theories of transitions to an incompressible quantum fluid.
description: 5pp
Generalized master equations leading to completely positive dynamics
Creators: name: Vacchini, Bassano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a general construction of quantum generalized master equations with memory kernel leading to well defined, that is completely positive and trace preserving, time evolutions. The approach builds on an operator generalization of memory kernels appearing in the description of non-Markovian classical processes, and puts into evidence the non uniqueness of the relationship arising due to the typical quantum issue of operator ordering. The approach provides a physical interpretation of the structure of the kernels, and its connection with the classical viewpoint allows for a trajectory description of the dynamics. Previous apparently unrelated results are now connected in a unified framework, which further allows to phenomenologically construct a large class of non-Markovian evolutions taking as starting point collections of time dependent maps and instantaneous transformations describing the microscopic interaction dynamics.
description: 8 pages, to appear on PRL
Data-Driven Substructuring Technique for Pseudo-Dynamic Hybrid Simulation of Steel Braced Frames
Creators: name: Mokhtari, Fardad
name: Imanpour, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a new substructuring technique for hybrid simulation of steel braced frame structures under seismic loading in which a new machine learning-based model is used to predict the hysteretic response of steel braces. Corroborating numerical data is used to train the model, referred to as PI-SINDy, developed with the aid of the Prandtl-Ishlinskii hysteresis model and sparse identification algorithm. By replacing a brace part of a prototype steel buckling-restrained braced frame with the trained PI-SINDy model, a new simulation technique referred to as data-driven hybrid simulation (DDHS) is established. The accuracy of DDHS is evaluated using the nonlinear response history analysis of the prototype frame subjected to an earthquake ground motion. Compared to a baseline pure numerical model, the results show that the proposed model can accurately predict the hysteretic response of steel buckling-restrained braces.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, Added reference for Section 3.2 (in V.2), Submitted to Springer Proceedings of STESSA 2021
Statistical Pattern Recognition for Driving Styles Based on Bayesian Probability and Kernel Density Estimation
Creators: name: Wang, Wenshuo
name: Xi, Junqiang
name: Li, Xiaohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Driving styles have a great influence on vehicle fuel economy, active safety, and drivability. To recognize driving styles of path-tracking behaviors for different divers, a statistical pattern-recognition method is developed to deal with the uncertainty of driving styles or characteristics based on probability density estimation. First, to describe driver path-tracking styles, vehicle speed and throttle opening are selected as the discriminative parameters, and a conditional kernel density function of vehicle speed and throttle opening is built, respectively, to describe the uncertainty and probability of two representative driving styles, e.g., aggressive and normal. Meanwhile, a posterior probability of each element in feature vector is obtained using full Bayesian theory. Second, a Euclidean distance method is involved to decide to which class the driver should be subject instead of calculating the complex covariance between every two elements of feature vectors. By comparing the Euclidean distance between every elements in feature vector, driving styles are classified into seven levels ranging from low normal to high aggressive. Subsequently, to show benefits of the proposed pattern-recognition method, a cross-validated method is used, compared with a fuzzy logic-based pattern-recognition method. The experiment results show that the proposed statistical pattern-recognition method for driving styles based on kernel density estimation is more efficient and stable than the fuzzy logic-based method.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures. Submitted to International Journal of Automotive Technology
On Extensions of Bilinear Maps
Creators: name: Kubrusly, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A07, 46A22, 46M05, 54C20

description: The paper deals with extension of bounded bilinear maps$.$ It gives a necessary and sufficient condition for extending a bounded bilinear map on the Cartesian product of subspaces of Banach spaces$.$ This leads to a full characterization for extension of bounded bilinear maps on the Cartesian product of arbitrary subspaces of Hilbert spaces$.$ Applications concerning projective tensor products are also investigated.
Plasma sloshing in pulse-heated solar and stellar coronal loops
Creators: name: Reale, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is evidence that coronal heating is highly intermittent, and flares are the high energy extreme. The properties of the heat pulses are difficult to constrain. Here hydrodynamic loop modeling shows that several large amplitude oscillations (~ 20% in density) are triggered in flare light curves if the duration of the heat pulse is shorter that the sound crossing time of the flaring loop. The reason is that the plasma has not enough time to reach pressure equilibrium during the heating and traveling pressure fronts develop. The period is a few minutes for typical solar coronal loops, dictated by the sound crossing time in the decay phase. The long period and large amplitude make these oscillations different from typical MHD waves. This diagnostic can be applied both to observations of solar and stellar flares and to future observations of non-flaring loops at high resolution.
description: 13 page, 4 figures, accepted for publication
Novel triple barrier potential for axial gravitational perturbations of a family of Lorentzian wormholes
Creators: name: Roy, Poulami Dutta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behavior of a specific Lorentzian wormhole family under gravitational perturbations. In earlier work [EPJC 80, 850 (2020)], we have proved the stability of a test scalar field in the background of the wormhole family, where the effective potential was that of a double barrier. Continuing with the stability analysis, here we focus on the more physically relevant scenario, that of axial gravitational perturbations. Interestingly, we find that the effective potential is a triple barrier for lower angular momentum modes. This raises important questions on the ringdown of the corresponding wormhole geometry as well as the gravitational wave echo profile that we try to answer through our work. We study in detail how the geometry of each member wormhole affects the quasinormal modes, the time evolution of the signal as well as echoes which are, in general, very feeble in comparison to the main signal. Different `cleaning' techniques have been used to obtain the echo profile in the time evolution of the signal. Lastly, we dwell on the possibility of our wormhole family as a candidate black hole mimicker, as long as its stability is proven under all kinds of perturbations. We briefly present a comparison of the ringdown characteristics of these wormholes with that of a black hole, in support of this speculation.
description: 37 pages, 16 figures. Matches published version
Gravitational wave asteroseismology with protoneutron stars
Creators: name: Sotani, Hajime
name: Takiwaki, Tomoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the time evolution of the frequencies of the gravitational wave after the bounce within the framework of relativistic linear perturbation theory using the results of one dimensional numerical simulations of core-collapse supernovae. Protoneutron star models are constructed in such a way that the mass and radius of protoneutron star become equivalent to the results obtained from the numerical simulations. Then, we find that the frequencies of gravitational waves radiating from protoneutron stars strongly depend on the mass and radius of protoneutron stars, but almost independently of the profiles of electron fraction and entropy per baryon inside the star. Additionally, we find that the frequencies of gravitational waves can be characterized by the square root of the average density of protoneutron star irrespectively the progenitor models, which are completely different from the empirical formula for cold neutron stars. The dependence of the spectra on the mass and radius is different from that of the $g$-mode: the oscillations around the surface of protoneutron stars due to the convection and the standing accretion-shock instability. Careful observations of the these modes of gravitational waves can determine the evolution of the mass and radius of protoneutron stars after core-bounce. Furthermore, the expected frequencies of gravitational waves are around a few hundred hertz in the early stage after bounce, which must be a good candidate for the ground-based gravitational wave detectors.
description: accepted for publication in PRD
Predictors for stress in special education teachers: Policy lessons for teacher support and special needs education development during the COVID pandemic and beyond
Creators: name: Jafree, Sara Rizvi
name: Burhan, Syeda Khadija
name: Mahmood, Qaisar Khalid
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: There has been little research on the challenges facing special education teachers (SETs), since the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to identify SETs predictors for stress and barriers to teaching effectiveness. Using a mixed methods cross-sectional design we sampled six public sector special needs institutes. A total of 205 quantitative surveys and 21 qualitative interviews were collected, respectively. Logistic bivariate regression results revealed seven factors predicting higher stress in SETs and qualitative themes further shed light on barriers to teacher efficacy. We conclude with key recommendations for the Special Education Sector and support for SETs, with implications for other developing regions. Abbreviations: SET: special edcation teachers; SSN: students with special needs
Searches for new physics in collision events using a statistical technique for anomaly detection
Creators: name: Chekanov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper discusses a statistical anomaly-detection method for model-independent searches for new physics in collision events produced at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The method requires calculations of $Z$-scores for a large number of Lorenz-invariant variables to identify events that deviate from those expected for the Standard Model (SM).
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. Proceedings of 50th International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics (ISMD2021), 12-16 July 2021
Hispanic students in higher education: A case for trauma informed approaches
Creators: name: Patton, Joy D.
name: Caffrey, Tyleen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: This secondary study focused on Hispanic college students’ experiences with the COVID-19 pandemic and their academic success with instructors who implemented trauma-informed approaches and sought to add to the knowledge base of the literature to support the necessity of establishing trauma-informed policies and pedagogical practices in Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSIs). Data from an exploratory study conducted in the summer 2020 semester at a small, private, HSI was utilized (N = 309). Most participants were Hispanic Nonwhite (65%). Results indicate that among all racial/ethnic group participants, Hispanic participants were more likely to have experienced a family member or close friend who died from the COVID-19 virus, X2 (3, N = 297) = 10.1, p= .017. Additionally, Hispanic participants reported an increase in stress (44%), anxiety (38%), and depression (29%). Finally, there was a statistically significant difference in Hispanic participant expected grade outcomes compared to all other races when instructors implemented trauma-informed practices X2 (1, N = 234) = 5.964, p = .01. The ultimate goal of higher education institutions is to ensure academic success for students. Utilizing trauma-informed approaches in higher education will help generate safe, supportive, and respectful environments that have been shown to positively effect academic success.
Hispanic students in higher education: A case for trauma informed approaches
Creators: name: Patton, Joy D
name: Caffrey, Tyleen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: This secondary study focused on Hispanic college students’ experiences with the COVID19 pandemic and their academic success with instructors who implemented trauma-informed approaches and sought to add to the knowledge base of the literature to support the necessity of establishing trauma-informed policies and pedagogical practices in Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSIs). Data from an exploratory study conducted in the summer 2020 semester at a small, private, HSI was utilized (N = 309). Most participants were Hispanic Nonwhite (65%). Results indicate that among all racial/ethnic group participants, Hispanic participants were more likely to have experienced a family member or close friend who died from the COVID-19 virus, X2 (3, N = 297) = 10.1, p= .017. Additionally, Hispanic participants reported an increase in stress (44%), anxiety (38%), and depression (29%). Finally, there was a statistically significant difference in Hispanic participant expected grade outcomes compared to all other races when instructors implemented trauma-informed practices X2 (1, N = 234) = 5.964, p = .01. The ultimate goal of higher education institutions is to ensure academic success for students. Utilizing trauma-informed approaches in higher education will help generate safe, supportive, and respectful environments that have been shown to positively effect academic success.
Predictors for stress in special education teachers: policy lessons for teacher support and special needs education development during the COVID pandemic and beyond
Creators: name: Jafree, Sara Rizvi
name: Burhan, Syeda Khadija
name: Mahmood, Qaisar Khalid
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: There has been little research on the challenges facing special education teachers (SETs), since the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to identify SETs predictors for stress and barriers to teaching effectiveness. Using a mixed methods cross-sectional design we sampled six public sector special needs institutes. A total of 205 quantitative surveys and 21 qualitative interviews were collected, respectively. Logistic bivariate regression results revealed seven factors predicting higher stress in SETs and qualitative themes further shed light on barriers to teacher efficacy. We conclude with key recommendations for the Special Education Sector and support for SETs, with implications for other developing regions. Abbreviations: SET: special edcation teachers; SSN: students with special needs
Surrogate and inverse modeling for two-phase flow in porous media via theory-guided convolutional neural network
Creators: name: Wang, Nanzhe
name: Chang, Haibin
name: Zhang, Dongxiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The theory-guided convolutional neural network (TgCNN) framework, which can incorporate discretized governing equation residuals into the training of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), is extended to two-phase porous media flow problems in this work. The two principal variables of the considered problem, pressure and saturation, are approximated simultaneously with two CNNs, respectively. Pressure and saturation are coupled with each other in the governing equations, and thus the two networks are also mutually conditioned in the training process by the discretized governing equations, which also increases the difficulty of model training. The coupled and discretized equations can provide valuable information in the training process. With the assistance of theory-guidance, the TgCNN surrogates can achieve better accuracy than ordinary CNN surrogates in two-phase flow problems. Moreover, a piecewise training strategy is proposed for the scenario with varying well controls, in which the TgCNN surrogates are constructed for different segments on the time dimension and stacked together to predict solutions for the whole time-span. For scenarios with larger variance of the formation property field, the TgCNN surrogates can also achieve satisfactory performance. The constructed TgCNN surrogates are further used for inversion of permeability fields by combining them with the iterative ensemble smoother (IES) algorithm, and sufficient inversion accuracy is obtained with improved efficiency.
description: 35 pages, 20 figures
Spread of a Catalytic Branching Random Walk on a Multidimensional Lattice
Creators: name: Bulinskaya, Ekaterina Vl.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J80, 60F15

description: For a supercritical catalytic branching random walk on Z^d (d is positive integer) with an arbitrary finite catalysts set we study the spread of particles population as time grows to infinity. Namely, we divide by t the position coordinates of each particle existing at time t and then let t tend to infinity. It is shown that in the limit there are a.s. no particles outside the closed convex surface in R^d which we call the propagation front and, under condition of infinite number of visits of the catalysts set, a.s. there exist particles on the propagation front. We also demonstrate that the propagation front is asymptotically densely populated and derive its alternative representation. Recent strong limit theorems for total and local particles numbers established by the author play an essential role. The results obtained develop ones by Ph.Carmona and Y.Hu (2014) devoted to the spread of catalytic branching random walk on Z. Keywords and phrases: branching random walk, supercritical regime, spread of population, propagation front, many-to-one lemma.
description: 2 figures
A 3D transient CFD model to predict heat and moisture transfer in on-farm stored grain silo through parallel computing using compiler directives: Impact of discretization methods on solution efficacy
Creators: name: Panigrahi, Shubham Subrot
name: Singh, Chandra B.
name: Fielke, John
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Computational fluid dynamics model parameters highly depend on the storage structure, grain conditions, and airflow properties. Solution methods obtained for the lab-scale bins cannot be extrapolated for a relatively large on-farm silo. To validate the above hypothesis, a model was developed and validated with stored barley aeration in a 1000t silo. A mathematical function was used to initialize the discrete initial conditions in the silo followed by using DEFINE_macros to execute parallel computing. Time-step analysis was conducted followed by optimization of the solution methods in terms of the accuracy and time frame of the model’s output. Results showed that with a time-step of 4 s, temperature and moisture error were 1.1–1.7 °C and 0.3% wb while mean relative deviation were 3.1–4.4% and 2.2%, respectively. COUPLED algorithm resulted in a similar accuracy as of SIMPLE scheme except within spatial and transient formulations. However, the former algorithm was observed to take almost 190% more time than the latter scheme, limiting the simulation efficiency in an on-farm silo. Green Gauss Node-based gradient technique was found to be the appropriate for discretizing large silos. Model showed 45 kJ kg−1 energy emission that decreased the cooling potential of air in silo. As field evaluation of aeration strategies are time-consuming, this model can be used to obtain results that could shape the stored grain management practice.
Common Origin of Two RR Lyrae Populations and the Double Red Clump in the Milky Way Bulge
Creators: name: Lee, Young-Wook
name: Jang, Sohee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent survey toward the Milky Way bulge has discovered two sequences of RR Lyrae stars on the period-amplitude diagram with a maximum period-shift of Δlog P = 0.015 between the two populations. Here we show, from our synthetic horizontal-branch models, that this period-shift is most likely due to the small difference in helium abundance (ΔY = 0.012) between the first and second-generation stars (G1 and G2), as is the case in our models for the inner halo globular clusters with similar metallicity ([Fe/H] = -1.1). We further show that the observed double red clump (RC) in the bulge is naturally reproduced when these models are extended to solar metallicity following ΔY/ΔZ = 6 for G2, as would be expected from the chemical evolution models. Therefore, the two populations of RR Lyrae stars and the double RC observed in the bulge appear to be different manifestations of the same multiple population phenomenon in the metal-poor and metal-rich regimes respectively.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Precision Many-Body Study of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition and Temperature-Dependent Properties in the Two-Dimensional Fermi Gas
Creators: name: He, Yuan-Yao
name: Shi, Hao
name: Zhang, Shiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform large-scale, numerically exact calculations on the two-dimensional interacting Fermi gas with a contact attraction. Reaching much larger lattice sizes and lower temperatures than previously possible, we determine systematically the finite-temperature phase diagram of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transitions for interaction strengths ranging from BCS to crossover to BEC regimes. The evolutions of the pairing wavefunctions and the fermion and Cooper pair momentum distributions with temperature are accurately characterized. In the crossover regime, we find that the contact has a non-monotonic temperature dependence, first increasing as temperature is lowered, and then showing a slight decline below the BKT transition temperature to approach the ground-state value from above.
description: main text 6 pages with 4 figures, supplementary 10 pages with 11 figures
Realistic Representation of Grain Shapes in CFD--DEM Simulations of Sediment Transport: A Bonded-Sphere Approach
Creators: name: Sun, Rui
name: Xiao, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Development of algorithms and growth of computational resources in the past decades have enabled simulations of sediment transport processes with unprecedented fidelities. The Computational Fluid Dynamics--Discrete Element Method (CFD--DEM) is one of the high-fidelity approaches, where the motions of and collisions among the sediment grains as well as their interactions with surrounding fluids are resolved. In most DEM solvers the particles are modeled as soft spheres due to computational efficiency and implementation complexity considerations, although natural sediments are usually mixture of non-spherical particles. Previous attempts to extend sphere-based DEM to treat irregular particles neglected fluid-induced torques on particles, and the method lacked flexibility to handle sediments with an arbitrary mixture of particle shapes. In this contribution we proposed a simple, efficient approach to represent common sediment grain shapes with bonded spheres, where the fluid forces are computed and applied on each sphere. The proposed approach overcomes the aforementioned limitations of existing methods and has improved efficiency and flexibility over existing approaches. We use numerical simulations to demonstrate the merits and capability of the proposed method in predicting the falling characteristics, terminal velocity, threshold of incipient motion, and transport rate of natural sediments. The simulations show that the proposed method is a promising approach for faithful representation of natural sediment, which leads to accurate simulations of their transport dynamics. The proposed method also opens the possibility for first-principle-based simulations of the flocculation and sedimentation dynamics of cohesive sediments. Elucidation of these physical mechanisms can provide much needed improvement on the prediction capability and physical understanding of muddy coast dynamics.
Identification of differentially expressed genes associated with precocious puberty by suppression subtractive hybridization in goat pituitary tissues
Creators: name: Liu, Yufang
name: Cao, Guiling
name: Xie, Yujing
name: Chu, Mingxing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The aim of this study was to identify genes related to precocious puberty expressed in the pituitary of goats at different growth stages by suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). The pituitary glands from Jining Gray (JG) goats (early puberty) and Liaoning Cashmere (LC) goats (late puberty) at 30, 90, and 180 days were used in this study. To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the pituitary glands, mRNA was extracted from these tissues, and SSH libraries were constructed and divided into the following groups: juvenile group (30-JG vs. 30-LC, API), puberty group (90-JG vs. 180-LC, BPI), and control group (90-JG vs. 90-LC, EPI). A total of 60, 49, and 58 DEGs were annotated by 222 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and 75 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Most of the DEGs were significantly enriched in GO terms related to ‘structural constituent of ribosome’, ‘translation’ and ‘GTP binding’, and numerous DEGs were also significantly enriched in KEGG terms related to the Jak-STAT signaling and oocyte meiosis pathways. Candidate genes associated with precocious puberty and sexual development were screened from the SSH libraries. These genes were analyzed to determine if they were expressed in the pituitary tissues of the goats at different growth stages and to identify genes that may influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. In this study, we found precocious puberty-related genes (such as PRLP0, EIF5A, and YWHAH) that may be interesting from an evolutionary perspective and that could be investigated for use in future goat breeding programs. Our results provide a valuable dataset that will facilitate further research into the reproductive biology of goats.