cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dirt, Data, and Drones: Sardis from Site to Archive to Outreach
Creators: name: Huntsman, Theresa
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
The ACS Fornax Cluster Survey. IX. The Color-Magnitude Relation of Globular Cluster Systems
Creators: name: Mieske, S.
name: Jordan, A.
name: Cote, P.
name: Peng, E.
name: Ferrarese, L.
name: Blakeslee, J.
name: Mei, S.
name: Baumgardt, H.
name: Tonry, J.
name: Infante, L.
name: West, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the color-magnitude relation for globular clusters (GCs) -- the so-called "blue tilt" -- detected in the ACS Fornax Cluster Survey and using the combined sample of GCs from the ACS Fornax and Virgo Cluster Surveys. We find a tilt of gamma_z=d(g-z)/dz=-0.0257 +- 0.0050 for the full GC sample of the Fornax Cluster Survey (~5800 GCs). This is slightly shallower than the value gamma_z=-0.0459 +- 0.0048 found for the Virgo Cluster Survey GC sample (~11100 GCs). The slope for the merged Fornax and Virgo datasets (~16900 GCs) is gamma_z=-0.0293 +- 0.0085, corresponding to a mass-metallicity relation of Z ~ M^0.43. We find that the blue tilt sets in at GC masses in excess of M ~ 2*10^5 M_sun. The tilt is stronger for GCs belonging to high-mass galaxies (M_* > 5 * 10^10 M_sun) than for those in low-mass galaxies (M_* < 5 * 10^10 M_sun). It is also more pronounced for GCs with smaller galactocentric distances. Our findings suggest a range of mass-metallicity relations Z_GC ~ M_GC^(0.3-0.7) which vary as a function of host galaxy mass/luminosity. We compare our observations to a recent model of star cluster self-enrichment with generally favorable results. We suggest that, within the context of this model, the proto-cluster clouds out of which the GCs formed may have had density profiles slightly steeper than isothermal and/or star formation efficiencies somewhat below 0.3. We caution, however, that the significantly different appearance of the CMDs defined by the GC systems associated with galaxies of similar mass and morphological type pose a challenge to any single mechanism that seeks to explain the blue tilt. We therefore suggest that the merger/accretion histories of individual galaxies have played a non-negligible role determining the distribution of GCs in the CMDs of individual GC systems.
Understanding B -->J/Ψϕin the Standard Model
Creators: name: Li, Ying
name: Cheng, Hai-Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rare decay $\bar B_d^0\to J/ψϕ$ can proceed in four distinct mechanisms: (i) production of the $ϕ$ via tri-gluon fusion, (ii) photoproduction of the $J/ψ$ or $ϕ$, (iii) final-state rescattering of $D_s^{(*)}D_s^{(*)}$ produced in the $\bar B_d$ decay to $J/ψϕ$, and (iv) production of the $ϕ$ via $ω-ϕ$ mixing. In this work, we examine the contributions from photoproduction and final-state rescattering to $\bar B_d^0\to J/ψϕ$ and find that the corresponding branching ratios are of order $10^{-11}$ and $10^{-9}$, respectively. Hence, this decay is dominated by the $ω-ϕ$ mixing effect.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, some typos are corrected, version for publish in PLB
Patenting of human genetic material in Australia
Creators: name: Nicol, Dianne
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Attempts to patent human genes by large biotechnology companies are viewed with intense suspicion within the wider community. Religious groups, indigenous peoples, scientists and even companies themselves are beginning to recognise that excessively broad patents on genes may be inappropriate. Research on human genes, on the other hand, is recognised as providing many benefits to society, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of genetic diseases. Effective diagnosis and treatment will require considerable investment in research by biotechnology companies. Companies will not provide that investment without protection of the type usually afforded by the patent system. Tensions between the need for companies to patent their research and the perceived inappropriateness of patenting human genes have not yet been fully explored in Australia. My aim in this thesis is to explore these tensions and suggest means for reconciliation. The threads of the debate on patenting genes are difficult to unravel. Before a full assessment of the issues can be made, a description of the two highly technical areas of Australian patent law and genetics is required. I first provide those descriptive backgrounds, thereby establishing the framework around which the other issues can be assessed. 1. The ethics of human genetic research. Regimes already exist outside the patent system for ethical scrutiny of all biomedical research, including human genetic research. Human genetic research also raises questions involving invasion of privacy and genetic discrimination, for which the law may not yet provide adequate safeguards. 2. The role of commercialisation in human genetic research and its applications. Development of genetic products occurs within a competitive commercial environment. There is a need to moderate the excesses that might occur in a purely market-driven system. 3. Patenting of human genetic material. Australian patent law principally requires: ‚Äö an invention ‚Äö full disclosure ‚Äö commercial applicability ‚Äö novelty and ‚Äö an inventive step. Provided that these requirements are met human genetic material is patentable, apart from gene sequences of unknown function and naturally occurring sequences. Patent rights should not be confused with real property rights. Nor should human genes be confused with life and humanity. Patents merely provide a temporary right to exploit an invention, they do not imply ownership. Once this distinction is realised many of the ethical concerns are adequately addressed by the current system. I conclude by recommending that the tensions associated with patenting human genetic material can be resolved within the patent system, principally through limitations that already exist but are seldom used.
Mucin-Inspired Single-Chain Polymer (MIP) Fibers as Potent SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors
Creators: name: Bej, Raju
name: Nie, Chuanxiong
name: Ludwig, Kai
name: Ahmadi, Vahid
name: Trimpert, Jakob
name: Adler, Julia Maria
name: Povolotsky, Tatyana L.
name: Achazi, Katharina
name: Vidal, Ricardo Martin
name: Kaufer, Benedikt B.
name: Haag, Rainer
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: RAFT polymerization
subject: Mucin-Inspired Polymer
subject: Single-Chain Fiber
subject: Biocompatibility
subject: SARS-CoV-2 Inhibition
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Mucins are the key component of the defensive mucus barrier. They are extended fibers of very high molecular weight with diverse biological functions depending strongly on their specific structural parameters. Here, we present a mucin-inspired nanostructure, produced via a synthetic methodology to prepare methacrylate-based dendronized polysulfates (MIP-1) on a multi gram scale with relatively high molecular weight (MW = 450 kDa) and thiol end-functionalized mucin-inspired polymer (MIP) via RAFT polymerization. Cryo-electron tomography (Cryo-ET) analysis of MIP-1 confirmed a mucin-mimetic wormlike single-chain fiber structure (length = 144.5 ± 59.4 nm) in aqueous solution. This biocompatible fiber showed promising activity against SARS-CoV-2 and its mutant strain, with a remarkable low half maximal (IC50) inhibitory concentration (IC50 = 10.0 nM). Additionally, we investigate the impact of fiber length on SARS-CoV-2 inhibition by testing other functional polymers (MIPs) of varying fiber lengths.
Iraqi Kurdistan and Beyond: The EU's Stakes
Creators: name: Kader, Ariz
name: Soler i Lecha, Eduard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Iraq
MENA region
geopolitics
EU foreign policy

description: In 2017, Iraq saw events that dramatically changed its political and societal reality. Not only the territorial defeat of the so-called Islamic State but also the Iraqi Kurdistan referendum and the retaking of the disputed areas by Iraqi forces loyal to Baghdad had important implications for the Middle East as a whole and also affected the strategic calculations of external players with a stake in the region. The European Union should catch this opportunity to play a more proactive role in its Iraq policy by focusing on institution-building and reconciliation between Iraqis, including the Kurds. This publication is part of the MENARA Future Notes series which in the form of policy briefs analyse ongoing events in the SEMCs and Middle East region, emphasising the implications for the EU, suggesting the best policy options and assessing plausible and preferable future scenarios.
title: An Experimental Analysis of Higher-Order Stimulus Control in Humans
Creators: name: Gatch, Michael B.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1990

description: This dissertation explored sane effects of context on the development of stimulus classes and the transfer of stimulus functions to novel stimuli. The research was also intended to demonstrate the utility of current behavioral theories for prediction and control of contextual effects on class formation. In Experiment lA, contextual control of stimulus classes was established successfully in all six college-student subjects. Matching-to-sample training successfully transferred the function of the contextual stimuli to four novel stimuli, whim resulted in the formation of two three-member classes of contextual stimuli. The first portion of Experiment 1B replicated Experiment 1A with three additional subjects. In the second portion, matching-to-sample training resulted in the establishment of two six-member contextual classes. In Experiment 2, three of four subjects learned a matching-to-sample task in whim the role of the contextual stimuli was controlled by a pair of ''higher-order'' contextual stimuli. 'Iwo of the subjects received matching-to-sample training in whim the function of the higher-order contextual stimuli was transferred to four novel stimuli, which resulted in the development of two three-member, higher-order contextual classes. Experiments 3A, 3B, and 3C demonstrated that sane groupings of stimuli are more difficult to learn than other groupings. The experiments found that overlapping roles of stimuli tended to confuse subjects and that subjects, when confused, would respond based on "familiarity" to stimuli rather than on the conditional relations. Experiments 4A and 4B demonstrated that types of matching performance (identity, oddity, and arbitrary) can be controlled by the presence of contextual stimuli. The experiments also provided evidence supporting the idea that generalized identity (reflexivity) and generalized oddity performances are closely related to, if not prerequisites for, successful arbitrary matching and the development of stimulus classes.
Extracting the neutron-neutron scattering length -- recent developments
Creators: name: Gardestig, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimental and theoretical issues and challenges for extracting the neutron-neutron scattering length are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on recent results and their impact on the field. Comments are made regarding current experimental and theoretical possibilities.
description: topical review for JPGNPP, 19 pages, 4 eps figures
title: The Development and Validation of a System for the Knowledge-Based Tutoring of Special Education Rules and Regulations
Creators: name: Thornburg, Mark S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1990

description: Research indicates that school officials fail to identify a relatively high proportion of school-aged children with behavioral or emotional handicaps. As a result, these children may not be receiving the special education services to which they are entitled. Multidisciplinary team members may be failing to identify these children because they lack understanding of special education rules and regulations. The purpose of this project was to combine the technologies of expert systems and mastery-based instruction to develop an inservice and preservice training program capable of producing mastery-level performance of the skills required to identify children with behavioral or emotional handicaps. Borg and Gall's ( 983) research and development cycle provided the model for developing, testing, and revising the program.
Prototype evaluations and large-scale field tests revealed that the program met its performance and user satisfaction objectives when administered under conditions of independent administration. However, a failure on the use and part of remote remote administrators to comply with prescribed program administration procedures allowed an unacceptable number of subjects to end training without completing all computer exercises. Attention to administration procedures contributed to the success of the project in meeting its performance and user satisfaction objectives in the final operational field test.
The positive findings of the project have implications on two levels. First, the findings are important for the positive effect they may have on the lives of children. Decision-making errors on the part of multidisciplinary team members can be costly to children with behavioral or emotional handicaps, as well as to other children. The evidence obtained in this project suggests that multidisciplinary team members can be trained to accurately identify children with behavioral or emotional handicaps.
On another, and perhaps more important, level, the findings have implications for the design of effective inservice and preservice training programs. The application of innovative technologies to inservice and preservice training problems does not necessarily result in the development of products capable of producing mastery-level decision-making performance. The positive results achieved in the present project suggest that those seeking to apply innovative technologies to inservice and preservice training problems take into account basic instructional design principles.
Entanglement and localization of wavefunctions
Creators: name: Giraud, O.
name: Martin, J.
name: Georgeot, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent works that relate entanglement of random vectors to their localization properties. In particular, the linear entropy is related by a simple expression to the inverse participation ratio, while next orders of the entropy of entanglement contain information about e.g. the multifractal exponents. Numerical simulations show that these results can account for the entanglement present in wavefunctions of physical systems.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop 'Recent Advances in Nonlinear Dynamics and Complex System Physics', Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 2008
Probing the cosmic web: inter-cluster filament detection using gravitational lensing
Creators: name: Mead, James M. G.
name: King, Lindsay J.
name: McCarthy, Ian G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of detecting dark matter filaments in the cosmic web is considered. Weak lensing is an ideal probe of dark matter, and therefore forms the basis of particularly promising detection methods. We consider and develop a number of weak lensing techniques that could be used to detect filaments in individual or stacked cluster fields, and apply them to synthetic lensing data sets in the fields of clusters from the Millennium Simulation. These techniques are multipole moments of the shear and convergence, mass reconstruction, and parameterized fits to filament mass profiles using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach. In particular, two new filament detection techniques are explored (multipole shear filters and Markov Chain Monte Carlo mass profile fits), and we outline the quality of data required to be able to identify and quantify filament profiles. We also consider the effects of large scale structure on filament detection. We conclude that using these techniques, there will be realistic prospects of detecting filaments in data from future space-based missions. The methods presented in this paper will be of great use in the identification of dark matter filaments in future surveys.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, MNRAS accepted, (replacement due to corrupted end of pdf file)
Closed-loop control versus preprogrammed control in a self-paced and ballistic response
Creators: name: Roy, Eric Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The main purpose of this study was to determine the generality of the closed-loop theory and the preprogramming theory as an explanation for the learning and maintenance of performance in a highly practiced self-paced and ballistic response. The methodology used to investigate this problem involved comparing performance, following the withdrawal of knowledge of results, under changed or interrupted feedback conditions to a control condition in which feedback was the same as that in acquisition. Subsidiary problems involved 1) examining the effects of changing or interrupting feedback during KR withdrawal following low practice in acquisition and, 2) examining the differential effects of low and high practice in acquisition on performance in each response type during KR withdrawal under each of the three feedback conditions. The experimental task involved learning to move a cursor on a track from one end of the track to the other in 1.0 seconds. Two types of responses were used: 1) self-paced, in which the subject was permitted to hold on to the cursor for the entire length of the track and, 2) ballistic, in which the subject had to release the cursor after he moved it only about one sixth of the track distance. Sixty students of the University of British Columbia served as subjects. The results indicated that the preprogramming theory explained the learning and maintenance of performance in a highly practiced ballistic response, while the closed-loop theory was most applicable to the highly practiced self-paced response. Secondly, after 15 trials of practice in acquisition both response types were dependent on feedback, but the amount of feedback necessary was much less in the ballistic response than in the self-paced response. Thirdly, in the ballistic response, a comparison of performance in KR withdrawal following a small amount of practice in acquisition with that following a large amount of practice indicated that there was a transition from a primitive preprogramming mechanism which was somewhat dependent on feedback to a well developed preprogrammed mechanism which was not dependent on feedback. Finally, a closed-loop mechanism was suggested for the self-paced response following both small and large amounts of practice in acquisition.
In vitro and in vivo effects of Pelargonium sidoides DC. root extract EPs® 7630 and selected constituents against SARS-CoV-2 B.1, Delta AY.4/AY.117 and Omicron BA.2
Creators: name: Emanuel, Jackson
name: Papies, Jan
name: Galander, Celine
name: Adler, Julia Maria
name: Heinemann, Nicolas
name: Eschke, Kathrin
name: Merz, Sophie
name: Pischon, Hannah
name: Rose, Ruben
name: Krumbholz, Andi
name: Kulić, Žarko
name: Lehner, Martin D.
name: Trimpert, Jakob
name: Müller, Marcel A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: coronavirus
subject: Pelargonium sidoides
subject: EPs 7630
subject: drug repurposing
subject: immune modulation
subject: COVID-19
subject: cytokine storm
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: The occurrence of immune-evasive SARS-CoV-2 strains emphasizes the importance to search for broad-acting antiviral compounds. Our previous in vitro study showed that Pelargonium sidoides DC. root extract EPs® 7630 has combined antiviral and immunomodulatory properties in SARS-CoV-2-infected human lung cells. Here we assessed in vivo effects of EPs® 7630 in SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters, and investigated properties of EPs® 7630 and its functionally relevant constituents in context of phenotypically distinct SARS-CoV-2 variants. We show that EPs® 7630 reduced viral load early in the course of infection and displayed significant immunomodulatory properties positively modulating disease progression in hamsters. In addition, we find that EPs® 7630 differentially inhibits SARS-CoV-2 variants in nasal and bronchial human airway epithelial cells. Antiviral effects were more pronounced against Omicron BA.2 compared to B.1 and Delta, the latter two preferring TMPRSS2-mediated fusion with the plasma membrane for cell entry instead of receptor-mediated low pH-dependent endocytosis. By using SARS-CoV-2 Spike VSV-based pseudo particles (VSVpp), we confirm higher EPs® 7630 activity against Omicron Spike-VSVpp, which seems independent of the serine protease TMPRSS2, suggesting that EPs® 7630 targets endosomal entry. We identify at least two molecular constituents of EPs® 7630, i.e., (−)-epigallocatechin and taxifolin with antiviral effects on SARS-CoV-2 replication and cell entry. In summary, our study shows that EPs® 7630 ameliorates disease outcome in SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters and has enhanced activity against Omicron, apparently by limiting late endosomal SARS-CoV-2 entry.
One-Dimensional Alignment of Nanoparticles Via Magnetic Sorting
Creators: name: Bouskila, R.
name: McAloney, R.
name: Mack, S.
name: Awschalom, D. D.
name: Goh, M. C.
name: Burch, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near room temperature, thin films of MnAs spontaneously align into two phases, one ferromagnetic and the other paramagnetic. These two phases take the intriguing form of nanoscale "wires." In this experiment, we investigate the spontaneous formation of ordered linear arrays of magnetite nanoparticles on MnAs thin films using scanning probe microscopy.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. submitted to Nanoletters
Cotswold Archaeology: A typical (start to the) day on the front...
Creators: name: Cotswold Archaeology
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
aDNA in the Life
Creators: name: TBooth
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
title: National Survey of Degreed Mental Health Workers Providing Services to American Indian Populations: Identification of Preferred Theoretical Orientations and Treatment Modalities
Creators: name: Tangimana, Michelle M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1990

description: Previous surveys of mental health professionals regarding theoretical orientation and the use of various treatment modalities provided valuable information concerning the nature of mental health delivery but primarily focused on professionals providing services to dominant-culture clientele. The present study focused on those degreed workers whose primary clientele were American Indian. Questionnaires were returned by 140 mental health workers who are American Psychological Association (APA) members of American Indian descent, members of the Society of Indian Psychologists (SIP), employees of the Indian Health Service (IHS), and graduate psychology students. Questionnaire responses were analyzed in terms of orientation and treatment modality for various subgroups of respondents. In addition, demographic data (e.g., age, sex, emphasis of graduate study, intervention level, work setting, and service delivery to primary age groups) were compared for Indian and non-Indian respondents. The results provide a unique assessment of current trends in therapeutic approaches used in mental health service delivery with American Indians.
What we do: reading and writing and writing
Creators: name: Draycott, Catherine
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Day in the life of an Archaeodog
Creators: name: Griffiths, Pickle
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Improving the Antigenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Genes by Merging Mutations from Different Variants of Concern
Creators: name: Herwig, Susanne
name: Adler, Julia Maria
name: Vladimirova, Daria
name: Trimpert, Jakob
name: Sehouli, Jalid
name: Cichon, Günter
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
subject: neutralizing antibodies
subject: mutations
subject: vaccine genes
subject: cross protection
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the early emergence of viral variants repeatedly undermined the effects of vaccination. Our aim here is to explore strategies for improving spike vaccine gene antigenicity by merging mutations from different variants of concern (VOCs) in a single vaccine gene. To this end, newly developed recombinant vaccine genes were designed, cloned into adenoviral vectors, and applied to C57BL/6 mice; then, serum-neutralizing antibodies against the wildtype SARS-CoV-2 strains were determined in neutralization assays. The merger of mutations from different variants of concern (alpha, beta, gamma, and delta) in a single recombinant spike-based vaccine gene provided a substantial improvement in neutralizing immunity to all variants of concern, including the omicron strains. To date, only unmodified spike genes of the original SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain (B.1) or dominant variants (BA.1, BA.5, and XBB.1.5) have been used as vaccine genes. The employment of unmodified vaccine genes is afflicted by limited cross-protection among variant strains. In contrast, recombinant vaccine genes that combine mutations from different strains in a single gene hold the potential to broaden and improve immune protection and might help to reduce the need for frequent vaccine adaptations in the future.
Design and calibration of close-range stereophotogrammetric systems in biology and biomedicine
Creators: name: Osborn, Jonathan E
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis discusses the design and calibration of close-range stereophotogrammetric systems in biology and biomedicine. Two applications of photogrammetry are described The first is the design and validation of a photogrammetric method of measuring the surface topography of the human cornea. The second encompasses three photogrammetric methods of measuring the aggregation behaviour of underwater animals. Some aspects of the designs have required new instrumentation, others have required further investigation of current techniques or the application of established technique to new circumstances. Two investigations that were a component of the design and calibration process are described in detail. One is an investigation of the accuracy of video tape as a recording medium in digital photogrammetry. The other is an investigation of the geometric reliability of an underwater stereocamera submerged in deep-water. The applications and investigations that are described serve to illustrate a cross section of current technology and methodology in biomedical and biological stereophotogrammetry. They involve both analogue and digital cameras, single media and multi-media environments, and conventional and unconventional data reduction methods. The thesis includes: i. a review of relevant analytical and digital stereophotogrammetric techniques; 11. a description of a new method of measuring the anterior surf ace topography of the human cornea and the design of a digital implementation of a corneal measurement system; 111. a description of three applications of photogrammetry in underwater animal behaviour research; iv. an investigation of the metric characteristics of one type of image recording medium; and v. an investigation of the calibration parameters of an underwater stereocamera. The applications described share three characteristics: i. they illustrate the operational restrictions that can impose on a photogrammetric solution; ii. they have required an investigation of some aspect of the photogrammetric process; and iii. they have required an understanding of the discipline of the end-user. In the light of these characteristics a common theme is developed. Namely the extent to which a photogrammetrist must recognise the objectives, methods, and constraints imposed by the user of photogrammetric data and the way in which that affects the photogrammetric solution.
title: An Experimental Analysis of Second-Order Conditioned Taste Aversion: Drug Pairing Facilitated Through Excitation of Geotactic Behavior
Creators: name: Gatling, John H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1990

description: In two experiments, second-order conditioned taste aversion techniques were employed to develop aversions in rats, with a geotactic-excitation procedure as the independent variable. Periodic tilting of an experimental apparatus resulted in angular orientation changes of all subjects located within compartments of the chamber. The effect was excitation of geotactic behaviors, expressed as locomotor activity within the confines of these compartments.
In the first experiment, two groups of rats (n = 6) were exposed to experimental protocols which were identical with the exception of the independent variable. Three conditioning trials were presented, separated by five to seven days, within which strychnine injections preceded LiCl injections by 15 minutes. A treatment trial was presented five days following the last drug pairing, in which a novel flavor was available in lieu of tap water. Immediately following the 10-min water-access period, an injection of the CS-drug was administered. Testing for evidence of second-order CTA was conducted via presentation of the flavored solution on the fifth day following treatment. statistically significant results were obtained in terms of Learned Aversion Ratios and CTA Suppression Ratios. A second experiment was conducted in an attempt to isolate the influence of the excitation procedures with other drug-pairings. Five groups of rats (n = 6 in each group) were run in which hypertonic saline was paired with LiCl, strychnine, or hypertonic saline. Combinations of saline and the US-drugs were tested with and without the excitation procedures. A no-injection group (n = 6) received exposure to the flavor stimulus followed only by the excitation procedure. Results obtained on the Learned Aversion Ratios were statistically significant and in the predicted direction. The excitation group in which saline had been paired with LiCl showed a significant aversion ratio compared to the appropriate control groups, the Saline-Saline Group and the No-Injection Group. The Saline-Strychnine Excitation Group also showed a significant Learned Aversion Ratio compared to its respective control group and to the No-Injection Excitation Group.
The implications of these results for such issues as stimulus equipotentiality, avfail, and research methodology and CTA research in general may provide additional foundations for future research in this experimental area.
title: Payment Habits During COVID-19: Evidence from High-Frequency Transaction Data
Creators: name: Dahlhaus, Tatjana
name: Welte, Angelika
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2021

description: We examine how consumers have adjusted their payment habits during the COVID-19 pandemic. They seem to perform fewer transactions, spend more in each transaction, use less cash at the point of sale and withdraw cash from ATMs linked to their financial institution more often than from other ATMs.

description: Nous examinons la façon dont les consommateurs ont modifié leurs habitudes de paiement durant la pandémie de COVID-19. Il semble qu’ils effectuent des opérations moins nombreuses, mais d’un montant plus élevé, sont moins portés à payer en liquide aux points de vente, et effectuent davantage de retraits aux guichets de leur institution financière qu’aux guichets d’autres enseignes.
Continuous Variable Entanglement and Squeezing of Orbital Angular Momentum States
Creators: name: Lassen, Mikael
name: Leuchs, Gerd
name: Andersen, Ulrik L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first experimental characterization of the first-order continuous variable orbital angular momentum states. Using a spatially non-degenerate optical parametric oscillator (OPO) we produce quadrature entanglement between the two first-order Laguerre-Gauss modes. The family of OAM modes is mapped on an orbital Poincare sphere, and the modes position on the sphere is spanned by the three orbital parameters. Using the non-degenerate OPO we produce squeezing of these parameters, and as an illustration, we reconstruct the "cigar-shaped" uncertainty volume on the orbital Poincare sphere.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
A non-transmissible live attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
Creators: name: Adler, Julia Maria
name: Vidal, Ricardo Martin
name: Voß, Anne
name: Kunder, Sandra
name: Nascimento, Mariana
name: Abdelgawad, Azza
name: Langner, Christine
name: Vladimirova, Daria
name: Osterrieder, Nikolaus
name: Gruber, Achim D.
name: Kunec, Dusan
name: Trimpert, Jakob
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: COVID-19
subject: vaccine
subject: virus transmission
subject: live attenuated virus
subject: pneumonia
subject: mucosal vaccination
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::614 Inzidenz und Prävention von Krankheiten

description: Live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) administered via the mucosal route may offer better control of the COVID-19 pandemic than non-replicating vaccines injected intramuscularly. Conceptionally, LAVs have several advantages, including presentation of the entire antigenic repertoire of the virus, and the induction of strong mucosal immunity. Thus, immunity induced by LAV could offer superior protection against future surges of COVID-19 cases caused by emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, LAVs carry the risk of unintentional transmission. To address this issue, we investigated whether transmission of a SARS-CoV-2 LAV candidate can be blocked by removing the furin cleavage site (FCS) from the spike protein. The level of protection and immunity induced by the attenuated virus with the intact FCS was virtually identical to the one induced by the attenuated virus lacking the FCS. Most importantly, removal of the FCS completely abolished horizontal transmission of vaccine virus between cohoused hamsters. Furthermore, the vaccine was safe in immunosuppressed animals and showed no tendency to recombine in vitro or in vivo with a SARS-CoV-2 field strain. These results indicate that removal of the FCS from SARS-CoV-2 LAV is a promising strategy to increase vaccine safety and prevent vaccine transmission without compromising vaccine efficacy.
title: Use of the Transactional Analysis Ego State Concept to Measure Client Change in Psychotherapy
Creators: name: Emerson, Judith
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1990

description: Although transactional analysis (TA) theory has been used by psychotherapists since its introduction by Eric Berne in the 1960s, the ego state functioning constructs, a seminal part of the theory, have not been adequately validated. Previous research has focused on whether therapy using TA methodology works. This study tested the TA ego state constructs by measuring client change occurring during psychotherapy and comparing those changes with predictions from the TA theory.
Fifty-six subjects, who were clients at a university counseling center in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States, were tested before and after therapy using two standardized instruments, the Adjective Check List (ACL) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and client and therapist global ratings of success of therapy.
Critical Parent, Nurturing Parent, Adult, and Adapted Child ego state scores from the ACL all changed in the predicted directions and reached statistical significance. Free Child ego state score changes did not reach statistical significance.
Ego state scores correlated with BSI Global Severity Index in predicted directions and all correlations except Critical Parent were statistically significant. Changes in ego state scores did not correlate with client and therapist ratings of success with one exception--Nurturing Parent was related to Client ratings of success. Changes in ego state scores did not correlate with subject pretest symptomatology, number of sessions, or the therapist's level of experience.
Limitations of the study and recommendations for further research are discussed.
Enhanced Superconductivity in Sr2CuO4-v
Creators: name: Geballe, T. H.
name: Marezio, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A critical review of previous investigations of the superconductivity with enhanced Tc ~ 95K found in Sr2CuO4-v shows that new physics occurs in a highly overdoped region of the cuprate phase diagram. Moreover, evidence is adduced from the literature that 30% of the oxygen sites in the CuO2 layers are vacant, a conclusion which is at odds with the universally made assumption that superconductivity originates in stoichiometric CuO2 layers. While further research is needed in order to identify the pairing mechanism(s) responsible for the enhanced Tc, we suggest possible candidates.
A Farewell to Archaeology
Creators: name: Graham, Shawn
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
title: The Marriage of Eolian Rock Properties and Deformation of the Nugget Formation; Anschutz Ranch East Field: Northeast Utah and Southwest Wyoming
Creators: name: Keele, Dustin J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2007

description: The Nugget Formation in the Anschutz Ranch East field, northeast Utah and southwest Wyoming, provides an exceptional example of how primary eolian rock properties have a considerable influence on the style of structural deformation. Both new and existing subsurface data were integrated for an overall characterization of sedimentologic and diagenetic heterogeneities, which demonstrate relationships with different styles of structural compartmentalization in reservoirs. The Anschutz Ranch East field is a large asymmetric anticlinal trap in the Utah-Wyoming thrust belt. Three cores were analyzed in order to investigate brittle deformation in eolian facies: dune, apron, and interdune. Selected cores are located along the back limb of the main structure and are nearly perpendicular to the fold axis. Each eolian facies appears to have an associated style of deformation that generally occurs within this tectonic setting. Within the dune facies, deformation bands are the most common style of deformation, unless a fault is present; when faults are present open fractures and breccia occur. In the apron facies, open fractures are more prevalent; however deformation bands are still very frequent. The primary styles of brittle deformation observed in interdune facies are breccias and closed fractures. This relationship between facies and rheology also correlates with porosity. These results support a hypothesis that high porosity rocks tend to be weaker and develop deformation bands, while low porosity rocks have a greater strength and will deform brittlely.