cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on Large-Scale Dark Acoustic Oscillations from Cosmology
Creators: name: Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan
name: de Putter, Roland
name: Raccanelli, Alvise
name: Sigurdson, Kris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If all or a fraction of the dark matter (DM) were coupled to a bath of dark radiation (DR) in the early Universe we expect the combined DM-DR system to give rise to acoustic oscillations of the dark matter until it decouples from the DR. Much like the standard baryon acoustic oscillations, these dark acoustic oscillations (DAO) imprint a characteristic scale, the sound horizon of dark matter, on the matter power spectrum. We compute in detail how the microphysics of the DM-DR interaction affects the clustering of matter in the Universe and show that the DAO physics also gives rise to unique signatures in the temperature and polarization spectra of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We use cosmological data from the CMB, baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), and large-scale structure to constrain the possible fraction of interacting DM as well as the strength of its interaction with DR. Like nearly all knowledge we have gleaned about dark matter since inferring its existence this constraint rests on the betrayal by gravity of the location of otherwise invisible dark matter. Although our results can be straightforwardly applied to a broad class of models that couple dark matter particles to various light relativistic species, in order to make quantitative predictions, we model the interacting component as dark atoms coupled to a bath of dark photons. We find that linear cosmological data and CMB lensing put strong constraints on existence of DAO features in the CMB and the large-scale structure of the Universe. Interestingly, we find that at most ~5% of all DM can be very strongly interacting with DR. We show that our results are surprisingly constraining for the recently proposed Double-disk DM model, a novel example of how large-scale precision cosmological data can be used to constrain galactic physics and sub-galactic structure.
description: 22 pages + references, 16 figures
Shadows of boson and Proca stars with thin accretion disks
Creators: name: Rosa, João Luís
name: Rubiera-Garcia, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we obtain the shadow images of spherically symmetric scalar boson and Proca stars using analytical fittings of numerical solutions, when illuminated by a geometrically thin accretion disk. We chose a sample of four boson and four Proca stars with radii ranging from more compact configurations with $R\sim 9M$ to more dilute configurations with $R\sim 20M$, where $M$ is the total mass of the bosonic star. In these configurations, the absence of the photon sphere (the locus of unstable bound geodesics) makes the optical appearance of these stars to be dominated by a single luminous ring enclosing a central brightness depression, and no further light rings are available. We show that if one considers face-on observations and a disk model whose emission is truncated at some finite radius at which the luminosity attains its maximum value, both the size of the shadow, as well as the luminosity and depth of the bright region, are heavily influenced by the emission profile, with the choice of the type and parameters of the bosonic stars in our samples having a sub-dominant influence. These differences are nonetheless significantly magnified when one allows the accretion disk to extend close enough to the center of the star. Our results point out that even though bosonic stars are horizonless and do not have a photon sphere, some of them may be able to produce conventional black hole shadow-like images provided that their compactness is large enough, thus being potentially consistent with current and future observations.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Investigating Stroke Outcomes Through Changes In The Gut Microbiome
Creators: name: PEH, ALEX CHENG GUAN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 321401
subject: Basic pharmacology
classificationCode: 329999
subject: Other biomedical and clinical sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320101
subject: Cardiology (incl. cardiovascular diseases)

description: Stroke significantly contributes to death worldwide. Current treatment options available are limited. Thus, there is an urgent need to find alternative strategies to reduce the impact of stroke and improve post-stroke outcomes. In this thesis, I explored how the gut microbiome may be leveraged to improve post-stroke outcomes. My studies show that the gut gets damaged following a stroke, allowing the passage of gut microbes to the brain. Moreover, I discovered that a high-fibre diet, acting via substances produced by gut microbes, improves post-stroke outcomes in experimental models.
title: Manteldynamik, magmatische Prozesse und das Aufbrechen der Kontinente
Creators: name: Trumbull, Robert B.
name: Keiding, Jakob K.
name: Veksler, Ilya
name: Romer, Rolf L.
Publisher: name: Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
Year: 2012

description: The separation of Africa and South America about 130 million years ago was accompanied by huge volumes of magma derived from the mantle. Erosion has removed many of the surficial lavas but dolerite dyke swarms beneath them are preserved. These dykes are under study to determine the composition of magmas, the age of magmatism, and the direction of extensional stress in the crust. Here, we compare two dolerite dyke swarms from the southern African margin that are separated by about 2000 km. The northern area is the Etendeka Province of NW Namibia with the Henties Bay-Outjo dyke swarm (HOD). The southern area, at the tip of Africa, hosts the False Bay dyke  swarm. The dolerites from these two areas differ in compositional diversity and magmatic temperatures, both being higher in the north. Three magma types are distinguished in the northern area and only one in the south. Temperatures calculated from olivine-melt equilibrium show a north-south decrease by about 150 °C. Converted to mantle potential temperature and compared with global averages, the data indicate “normal” upper mantle temperatures in
southern region like in the mid-ocean ridge systems (1380 °C), and mantle temperatures in the northern area (1520 °C) similar to hotspot islands like Hawaii and Iceland. We conclude that breakup-related magmatism in the south was related to extension and passive decompression of an upper mantle with normal temperature and composition. The Tristan mantle plume greatly enhanced magma production in the Etendeka Province but was not the cause of continental breakup.
Towards flavored bound states beyond rainbows and ladders
Creators: name: El-Bennich, B.
name: Rojas, E.
name: Paracha, M. A.
name: de Melo, J. P. B. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a snapshot of recent progress in solving the Dyson-Schwinger equation with a beyond rainbow-ladder ansatz for the dressed quark-gluon vertex which includes ghost contributions. We discuss the motivations for this approach with regard to heavy-flavored bound states and form factors and briefly describe future steps to be taken.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of the XXXVI Reuni\~ao de Trabalho sobre F\'isica Nuclear no Brasil which took place in Maresias, S\~ao Paulo, Brazil. 8 pages, 3 figures. AIP proceeding style
Discovery of a new Local Group Dwarf Galaxy Candidate in UNIONS: Boötes V
Creators: name: Smith, Simon E. T.
name: Jensen, Jaclyn
name: Roediger, Joel
name: Sestito, Federico
name: Hayes, Christian R.
name: McConnachie, Alan W.
name: Cuillandre, Jean-Charles
name: Gwyn, Stephen
name: Magnier, Eugene
name: Chambers, Ken
name: Hammer, Francois
name: Hudson, Mike
name: Martin, Nicolas
name: Navarro, Julio
name: Scott, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of Boötes V, a new ultra-faint dwarf galaxy candidate. This satellite is detected as a resolved overdensity of stars during an ongoing search for new Local Group dwarf galaxy candidates in the UNIONS photometric dataset. It has a physical half-light radius of 26.9$^{+7.5}_{-5.4}$ pc, a $V$-band magnitude of $-$4.5 $\pm$ 0.4 mag, and resides at a heliocentric distance of approximately 100 kpc. We use Gaia DR3 astrometry to identify member stars, characterize the systemic proper motion, and confirm the reality of this faint stellar system. The brightest star in this system was followed up using Gemini GMOS-N long-slit spectroscopy and is measured to have a metallicity of [Fe/H] $=$ $-$2.85 $\pm$ 0.10 dex and a heliocentric radial velocity of $v_r$ = 5.1 $\pm$ 13.4 km s$^{-1}$. Boötes V is larger (in terms of scale radius), more distant, and more metal-poor than the vast majority of globular clusters. It is likely that Boötes V is an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy, though future spectroscopic studies will be necessary to definitively classify this object.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in the AAS Journals. Please note that this paper was submitted in coordination with the work of William Cerny et al. 2022. These authors independently discovered this same satellite so our two research groups have coordinated the submission of these discovery papers
Alternativas na construção de mapas percetuais: estudo de caso em hotelaria
Creators: name: Monteiro, Carlos M. F.
name: Soares, João Oliveira
Publisher: name: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento
Year: 2012

description: Este artigo discute o uso da análise fatorial no contexto de estudos de competitividade e, em particular, como uma forma de encontrar e medir as dimensões que podem caracterizar o modo como os clientes diferenciam as empresas hoteleiras concorrentes. Como exemplo, usa-se um estudo de caso envolvendo quatro hotéis, em que se analisa detalhadamente o cálculo dos factor scores, como somas ponderadas dos diferentes itens usados no inquérito por questionário. Por fim, evidenciam-se as diferenças para o cálculo alternativo de médias aritméticas de diferentes classes de variáveis e apresentam-se os correspondentes mapas percetuais que mostram as posições competitivas dos vários hotéis.
description: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, vol. 1 n.º 17/18 (2012)
Adjoint-based phase reduction analysis of incompressible periodic flows
Creators: name: Kawamura, Yoji
name: Godavarthi, Vedasri
name: Taira, Kunihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish the theoretical framework for adjoint-based phase reduction analysis for incompressible periodic flows. Through this adjoint-based method, we obtain spatiotemporal phase sensitivity fields through a single pair of forward and backward direct numerical simulations, as opposed to the impulse-based method that requires a very large number of simulations. Phase-based analysis involves perturbation analysis about a periodically varying base state and hence is tailored for the analysis of periodic flows. We formulate the phase description of periodic flows with respect to the potential and vortical perturbations in the flow field. The current phase-reduction analysis can also be implemented consistently in the immersed boundary projection method, which facilitates the analysis over arbitrarily-shaped bodies. We demonstrate the strength of the phase-based analysis for periodic flows over circular cylinder and symmetric airfoils at high incidence angles. The critical regions for phase modification in the cylinder flow are investigated and the locations of flow separation are shown to be the most sensitive regions. Further, the results reveal the influence of the angle of attack and airfoil thickness on the phase-sensitivity distribution of flows over various airfoils. The phase for such flows is defined based on the lift coefficient, and hence is influenced by the vortical structures responsible for lift production. The present framework sheds light on the connection between phase-sensitivity and vortex formation dynamics.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
O Papel dos Estabelecimentos Hoteleiros na Informação Turística: Um Contributo Empírico
Creators: name: Lopes, José Miguel Pereira
name: Costa, Carlos Manuel Martins Da
name: Vieira, Armando Luís Lima De Campos
Publisher: name: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento
Year: 2012

description: A informação turística é um tema de investigação incontornável e é também crucial para a eficácia das organizações turísticas. De facto, as decisões de compra são complexas e fortemente baseadas em informação. Os hotéis são locais de concentração de visitantes dos destinos e podem contribuir para a eficácia da prestação de informação turística. Este tema tem sido abordado na literatura sob várias perspetivas. Contudo, a maioria dos estudos concentra-se na busca de informação antes da viagem e raramente no que ocorre durante a viagem. Acresce que a literatura apresenta a séria limitação de negligenciar o papel central dos estabelecimentos de alojamento. Assim, torna-se pertinente responder à seguinte questão: os hotéis e estabelecimentos de alojamento em geral são locais privilegiados para o fornecimento de informação turística sobre o destino? Neste contexto, o presente estudo tem dois objetivos principais: propor um modelo que sistematize o comportamento de busca de informação turística dos consumidores; compreender se o fornecimento de informação turística nos hotéis produz benefícios para os próprios hotéis, turistas e destinos. O artigo contribui assim para amenizar o grau de ambiguidade da literatura, acrescenta valor ao corpo de conhecimento na área da investigação do comportamento de busca de informação turística e sugere importantes implicações práticas de gestão.
description: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, vol. 1 n.º 17/18 (2012)
Band gap opening from displacive instabilities in layered covalent-organic frameworks $^†$
Creators: name: Huang, Ju
name: Golomb, Matthias J.
name: Kavanagh, Seán R.
name: Tolborg, Kasper
name: Ganose, Alex M.
name: Walsh, Aron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) offer a high degree of chemical and structural flexibility. There is a large family of COFs built from 2D sheets that are stacked to form extended crystals. While it has been common to represent the stacking as eclipsed with one repeating layer ("AA"), there is growing evidence that a more diverse range of stacking sequences is accessible. Herein, we report a computational study of layer stacking in two prototypical COFs, Tp-Azo and DAAQ-TFP, which have shown high performance as Li-ion battery electrodes. We find a striking preference for slipped structures with horizontal offsets between layers ranging from 1.7 Å to 3.5 Å in a potential energy minimum that forms a low energy ring. The associated symmetry breaking results in a pronounced change in the underlying electronic structure. A band gap opening of 0.8 - 1.4 eV is found due to modifications of the underlying valence and conduction band dispersion as explained from changes in the $π$ orbital overlap. The implications for the screening and selection of COF for energy applications are discussed.
Tourist satisfaction about religious events in Andalusia
Creators: name: Vásquez De La Torre, Mª Genoveva Millán
name: Peréz Naranjo, Leonor M.
name: Morales Fenandez, Emilio
Publisher: name: Journal of Tourism & Development
Year: 2012

description: Religious tourism is a growing sector. Knowing the profile of the tourist and measuring their satisfaction is very important for all stakeholders. This study focuses on analysing the tourist degree of satisfaction with the services provided during visits to religious events in Andalusia (Spain) according to their socio-demographic profile and behaviour. The data are derived from a sample of 500 tourists to the Easter in Seville and 350 tourists to the El Rocío pilgrimage in Almonte, Huelva. The probability of being satisfied depends on socio-demographic characteristics (such as marital status or age) and travel-related characteristics (such as motivation or quality of services).
description: Journal of Tourism & Development, vol. 1 n.º 17/18 (2012)
Topological Data Analysis in Time Series: Temporal Filtration and Application to Single-Cell Genomics
Creators: name: Lin, Baihan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The absence of a conventional association between the cell-cell cohabitation and its emergent dynamics into cliques during development has hindered our understanding of how cell populations proliferate, differentiate, and compete, i.e. the cell ecology. With the recent advancement of the single-cell RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), we can potentially describe such a link by constructing network graphs that characterize the similarity of the gene expression profiles of the cell-specific transcriptional programs, and analyzing these graphs systematically using the summary statistics informed by the algebraic topology. We propose the single-cell topological simplicial analysis (scTSA). Applying this approach to the single-cell gene expression profiles from local networks of cells in different developmental stages with different outcomes reveals a previously unseen topology of cellular ecology. These networks contain an abundance of cliques of single-cell profiles bound into cavities that guide the emergence of more complicated habitation forms. We visualize these ecological patterns with topological simplicial architectures of these networks, compared with the null models. Benchmarked on the single-cell RNA-seq data of zebrafish embryogenesis spanning 38,731 cells, 25 cell types and 12 time steps, our approach highlights the gastrulation as the most critical stage, consistent with consensus in developmental biology. As a nonlinear, model-independent, and unsupervised framework, our approach can also be applied to tracing multi-scale cell lineage, identifying critical stages, or creating pseudo-time series.
description: Accepted and to appear in Algorithms. Codes at https://github.com/doerlbh/scTSA
Higher order topology in a Creutz ladder
Creators: name: Lahiri, Srijata
name: Basu, Saurabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Creutz ladder, is a quasi one dimensional system hosting robust topological phases with localized edge modes protected by different symmetries such as inversion, chiral and particle-hole symmetries. Non-trivial topology is observed in a large region of the parameter space defined by the horizontal, diagonal and vertical hopping ampitudes and a transverse magnetic flux that threads through the ladder. In this work, we investigate higher order topology in a two dimensional extrapolated version of the Creutz ladder. To explore the topological phases, we consider two different configurations, namely a torus (periodic boundary) and a ribbon (open boundary) to look for hints of gap closing phase transitions. We also associate suitable topological invariants to characterize the non-trivial sectors. Further, we find that the resultant phase diagram hosts two different topological phases, one where the higher order topological excitations are realized in the form of robust corner modes, along with (usual) first order excitations demonstrated via the presence of edge modes in a finite lattice, for the other.
description: 9 pages, 16 figures
12-band $\textbf{k}\cdot\textbf{p}$ model for dilute bismide alloys of (In)GaAs derived from supercell calculations
Creators: name: Broderick, Christopher A.
name: Usman, Muhammad
name: O'Reilly, Eoin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Incorporation of bismuth (Bi) in dilute quantities in (In)GaAs has been shown to lead to unique electronic properties that can in principle be exploited for the design of high efficiency telecomm lasers. This motivates the development of simple models of the electronic structure of these dilute bismide alloys, which can be used to evaluate their potential as a candidate material system for optical applications. Here, we begin by using detailed calculations based on an $sp^{3}s^{*}$ tight-binding model of (In)GaBi$_{x}$As$_{1-x}$ to verify the presence of a valence band-anticrossing interaction in these alloys. Based on the tight-binding model the derivation of a 12-band $\textbf{k}\cdot\textbf{p}$ Hamiltonian for dilute bismide alloys is outlined. We show that the band structure obtained from the 12-band model is in excellent agreement with full tight-binding supercell calculations. Finally, we apply the 12-band model to In$_{0.53}$Ga$_{0.47}$Bi$_{x}$As$_{1-x}$ and compare the calculated variation of the band gap and spin-orbit-splitting to a variety of spectroscopic measurements performed on a series of MBE-grown In$_{0.53}$Ga$_{0.47}$Bi$_{x}$As$_{1-x}$/InP layers.
Weak quantization of non-interacting topological Anderson insulator
Creators: name: Vu, DinhDuy
name: Sarma, Sankar Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transition between the two-dimensional topological insulator (TI) featuring quantized edge conductance and the trivial Anderson insulator (AI) induced by strong disorder. We discover a distinct scaling behavior of TI near the phase transition where the longitudinal conductance approaches the quantized value by a power law with system size, instead of an exponential law in clean TI. This region is thus called the weak quantization topological insulator (WQTI). By using the self-consistent Born approximation, we associate the emergence of the weak quantization with the imaginary part of the effective self-energy acquiring a finite value at strong disorder. We use our analytical theory, supported by direct numerical simulations, to study the effect of disorder range on the topological Anderson insulator. Interestingly, while this phase is quite generic for uncorrelated or short-range disorder, it is strongly suppressed by long-range disorder, perhaps explaining why it has never been seen in solid state systems.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Análise da Satisfação dos Passageiros no Aeroporto Internacional Augusto Severo utilizando técnicas multivariadas
Creators: name: Mattozo, Teófilo Câmara
name: Silva, Gutembergue Soares Da
name: Costa, José Alfredo Ferreira
name: Neto, André Pedro Fernendes
name: Firmino, Sandja Sarandy Costa
Publisher: name: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento
Year: 2012

description: A satisfação do cliente e a sua avaliação fazem parte das preocupações dos gestores, sendo cada vez mais comum realizarem-se pesquisas de modo a aferir a sua satisfação. A proposta desse artigo foi avaliar a satisfação do cliente na condição de passageiros no Aeroporto Internacional Augusto Severo em Parnamirim/RN. Esta pesquisa também procurou identificar as dimensões que mais contribuem no resultado da avaliação da satisfação geral dos passageiros. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura que serviu como base para a pesquisa e para a compreensão e análise dos resultados. A partir daí, foi identificado o modelo Fodness e Murray para a aferição do nível de satisfação quanto à qualidade dos serviços prestados, em função de sua abrangência temporal e espacial, correlata aos sistemas de transporte aéreo, tendo o mesmo sido utilizado como referencial do modelo proposto. Os resultados mostram que entre as dimensões determinantes, quatro foram significativas na explicação da satisfação geral, baseados na aplicação da regressão logística. O modelo estatístico formulado revelou-se bem ajustado e com boa capacidade de explicar o comportamento da satisfação do cliente. Os principais problemas identificados foram: confiança na segurança e nas instalações, disponibilidade de táxi, tempo de espera de táxi, disponibilidade e qualidade dos assentos, conforto do terminal e preços dos restaurantes. Outra percepção foi que a satisfação pode ser afetada pelas variáveis de caracterização estado civil, idade e renda.
description: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, vol. 1 n.º 17/18 (2012)
An extension to VORO++ for multithreaded computation of Voronoi cells
Creators: name: Lu, Jiayin
name: Lazar, Emanuel A.
name: Rycroft, Chris H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: VORO++ is a software library written in C++ for computing the Voronoi tessellation, a technique in computational geometry that is widely used for analyzing systems of particles. VORO++ was released in 2009 and is based on computing the Voronoi cell for each particle individually. Here, we take advantage of modern computer hardware, and extend the original serial version to allow for multithreaded computation of Voronoi cells via the OpenMP application programming interface. We test the performance of the code, and demonstrate that we can achieve parallel efficiencies greater than 95% in many cases. The multithreaded extension follows standard OpenMP programming paradigms, allowing it to be incorporated into other programs. We provide an example of this using the VoroTop software library, performing a multithreaded Voronoi cell topology analysis of up to 102.4 million particles.
description: Fix typo and section numbers
Thermal treatment of superconductor thin film of the BSCCO system using domestic microwave oven
Creators: name: Silveira, J. B.
name: Carvalho, C. L.
name: Torsoni, G. B.
name: Aquino, H. A.
name: Zadorosny, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we report the preparation of a superconductor thin film of the BSCCO system using a good quality powder with nominal composition Bi_{1.8}Pb_{0.4}Sr_2CaCu_2O_x which was thermally treated using a domestic microwave oven (2.45 GHz, 800 W). This film was grew on a single crystal of LaAlO_3(100) substrate and exhibited a crystalline structure with the c-axis perpendicular to the plane of the substrate. An onset superconducting transition temperature was measured at 80 K.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Six More Ultra-Faint Milky Way Companions Discovered in the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey
Creators: name: Cerny, W.
name: Martínez-Vázquez, C. E.
name: Drlica-Wagner, A.
name: Pace, A. B.
name: Mutlu-Pakdil, B.
name: Li, T. S.
name: Riley, A. H.
name: Crnojević, D.
name: Bom, C. R.
name: Carballo-Bello, J. A.
name: Carlin, J. L.
name: Chiti, A.
name: Choi, Y.
name: Collins, M. L. M.
name: Darragh-Ford, E
name: Ferguson, P. S.
name: Geha, M.
name: Martínez-Delgado, D.
name: Massana, P.
name: Mau, S.
name: Medina, G. E.
name: Muñoz, R. R.
name: Nadler, E. O.
name: Olsen, K. A. G.
name: Pieres, A.
name: Sakowska, J. D.
name: Simon, J. D.
name: Stringfellow, G. S.
name: Vivas, A. K.
name: Walker, A. R.
name: Wechsler, R. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of six ultra-faint Milky Way satellites discovered through matched-filter searches conducted using Dark Energy Camera (DECam) data processed as part of the second data release of the DECam Local Volume Exploration (DELVE) survey. Leveraging deep Gemini/GMOS-N imaging (for four candidates) as well as follow-up DECam imaging (for two candidates), we characterize the morphologies and stellar populations of these systems. We find that these candidates all share faint absolute magnitudes ($M_{V} \geq -3.2$ mag) and old, metal-poor stellar populations ($τ> 10$ Gyr, [Fe/H] $< -1.4$ dex). Three of these systems are more extended ($r_{1/2} > 15$ pc), while the other three are compact ($r_{1/2} < 10$ pc). From these properties, we infer that the former three systems (Boötes V, Leo Minor I, and Virgo II) are consistent with ultra-faint dwarf galaxy classifications, whereas the latter three (DELVE 3, DELVE 4, and DELVE 5) are likely ultra-faint star clusters. Using data from the Gaia satellite, we confidently measure the proper motion of Boötes V, Leo Minor I, and DELVE 4, and tentatively detect a proper motion signal from DELVE 3 and DELVE 5; no signal is detected for Virgo II. We use these measurements to explore possible associations between the newly-discovered systems and the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal, the Magellanic Clouds, and the Vast Polar Structure, finding several plausible associations. Our results offer a preview of the numerous ultra-faint stellar systems that will soon be discovered by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory and highlight the challenges of classifying the faintest stellar systems.
description: 30 pages, 12 Figures (including Appendix). Submitted to ApJ. We encourage the reader to also review Smith et al. 2022, "Discovery of a new Local Group Dwarf Galaxy Candidate in UNIONS: Bo\"{o}tes V" (arxiv: 2209.08242), who independently present the discovery of one of the candidates reported here. We are working to make code and data products available
O Efeito das dimensões do Estilo de Vida de um Destino Turístico na Satisfação Global e no Passa-palavra: O caso da Barragem de Alqueva
Creators: name: Pires, Ana Regina
name: Loureiro, Sandra Maria Correia
Publisher: name: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento
Year: 2012

description: Este estudo tem como objetivo relacionar as dimensões do estilo de vida turístico com a satisfação global e o passa-palavra, na zona da Barragem de Alqueva (Alentejo, Portugal). Nesta investigação, o estilo de vida turístico é analisado tendo em atenção cinco dimensões: atração, centralidade com o estilo de vida, gastronomia, identidade com o local, vinho e desportos radicais. Após a revisão da literatura e com o intuito de testar as relações, desenvolveu-se um questionário que foi aplicado aos turistas quando se preparavam para partir. Os resultados revelam que a atração ao local, as atividades desportivas radicais e a gastronomia influenciam significativamente e positivamente a satisfação e o passa-palavra. Os resultados permitiram ainda tecer algumas considerações para a gestão local e propor sugestões para investigações futuras. Como originalidade podemos apontar dois aspetos, isto é, o facto do polo de desenvolvimento da Barragem de Alqueva ser ainda pouco estudado e a escassez de estudos que intentem relacionar o estilo de vida turístico com a satisfação global e o passa-palavra.
description: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, vol. 1 n.º 17/18 (2012)
Coherent enhancement of optical remission in diffusive media
Creators: name: Bender, Nicholas
name: Goetschy, Arthur
name: Hsu, Chia Wei
name: Yilmaz, Hasan
name: Palacios, Pablo Jara
name: Yamilov, Alexey
name: Cao, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the earth's crust to the human brain, remitted waves are used for sensing and imaging in a diverse range of diffusive media. Separating the source and detector increases the penetration depth of remitted light, yet rapidly decreases the signal strength, leading to a poor signal-to-noise ratio. Here, we experimentally and numerically show that wavefront shaping a laser beam incident on a diffusive sample enables an order of magnitude remission enhancement, with a penetration depth of up to 10 transport mean free paths. We develop a theoretical model which predicts the maximal-remission enhancement. Our analysis reveals a significant improvement in the sensitivity of remitted waves, to local changes of absorption deep inside diffusive media. This work illustrates the potential of coherent wavefront control for non-invasive diffuse-wave imaging applications, such as diffuse optical tomography and functional near-infrared spectroscopy.
New libraries for simulating neutron scattering in dark matter detector calibrations
Creators: name: Robinson, Alan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter detectors require calibrations of their energy scale and efficiency to detect nuclear recoils in the $1-50$ keV range. Most calibrations use neutron scattering and require MCNP or Geant4 simulations of neutron propagation through the detector. For most nuclei heavier than $^{16}$O, these simulations' libraries ignore the contribution of resolved resonances to the neutron elastic differential cross-section. For many isotopes and neutron energies of importance to dark matter detection, this invalid assumption can severely distort simulated nuclear recoil spectra. The correct angular distributions can be calculated from the resonance parameters using R-matrix formalism. A set of neutron scattering libraries with high resolution angular distributions for MCNP and Geant4 of $^{19}$F, $^{40}$Ar, $^{50,52}$Cr, $^{56}$Fe, $^{136}$Xe, and $^{206,207,208}$Pb is presented. An MCNPX library for simulating the production of low-energy neutrons in the $^9$Be$(γ,n)^8$Be reaction is also presented. Example dark matter detector calibrations are simulated with the new libraries showing how detector sensitivity could be overestimated by factors of two by relying on existing MCNP and Geant4 libraries.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Controlling mean exit time of stochastic dynamical systems based on quasipotential and machine learning
Creators: name: Li, Yang
name: Yuan, Shenglan
name: Xu, Shengyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The mean exit time escaping basin of attraction in the presence of white noise is of practical importance in various scientific fields. In this work, we propose a strategy to control mean exit time of general stochastic dynamical systems to achieve a desired value based on the quasipotential concept and machine learning. Specifically, we develop a neural network architecture to compute the global quasipotential function. Then we design a systematic iterated numerical algorithm to calculate the controller for a given mean exit time. Moreover, we identify the most probable path between metastable attractors with help of the effective Hamilton-Jacobi scheme and the trained neural network. Numerical experiments demonstrate that our control strategy is effective and sufficiently accurate.
A Comparison of International Tourists’ Behaviours in Bali Based on Their Nationalities
Creators: name: Widodo, Eko
name: Alhabsi, Taher
name: Fauzi, Achmad
name: Raharjo, Kusdi
Publisher: name: Journal of Tourism & Development
Year: 2012

description: This study aims to provide a comparative overview of international tourists’ behaviour, which come from Western Europe, East Asia and Euro-Asia in the Ecotourism sites in Bali, Indonesia. Regarding to the pattern of relations between linked variables, this study wants to see whether national cultural background of tourists who are visiting ecotourism sites in Bali has an influence on Ecotourism Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Crowding, Past Experience and Behavioural Intention, and also if there are any differences in the pattern of relations based on the three distinctive national cultural groups. This study uses a survey method. The sample used in this study consists of 250 international tourists who come from three different national cultural groups. The data was collected by using a questionnaire and analysed by using the software Multigroup SEM. There were confirmed relations between variables. The relations always have a significant effect among the three groups of different national cultures, stated as follows: (1) the relation between the variables of Ecotourism Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction, (2) the relation between the variables of Ecotourism Service Quality and Behavioural Intention, and (3) the relation between the variables of Customer Satisfaction with Behavioural Intention. This condition indicates that there is an universal relation between variables in the sense of application to three groups of different national cultures of relation among variables of Ecotourism Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Behavioural Intention. This study also found differences in patterns of relations between variables in the three groups of national cultural backgrounds. In the group of national cultural background of Western Europe, there is only one relation between variables which is not significant. In the group of national cultural background of East Asia, all relations between variables were significant, while for the background of Euro-Asia national culture, there are two relations between variables which are not significant. This condition indicates that there are differences in the pattern of relations between variables in the third group of national cultural backgrounds.
description: Journal of Tourism & Development, vol. 1 n.º 17/18 (2012)
“The Other Holidays”
Creators: name: Larsen, Jacob R. K.
name: Blichfeldt, Bodil S.
Publisher: name: Journal of Tourism & Development
Year: 2012

description: Traditional vacation decision-making theory takes it point of departure in decisions pertaining to the ‘one, annual vacation’. However, the tourist of today often take more vacations a year, thus suggesting that (s)he engages in more vacation decision-making processes; processes including both decisions on ‘main holidays’ and ‘other holidays’ which may have little in common. Drawing on qualitative interviews with families with dependent children, this paper discusses the nature of ‘the other holidays’ and illustrates that these holidays may differ profoundly from the ‘main holidays’, thus suggesting that traditional theories developed with the one, annual holiday in mind may need to be supplemented by theories pertaining to ‘other holidays’. Particularly, the paper discusses how ‘the other holidays’ differ from traditional holiday making and taking.
description: Journal of Tourism & Development, vol. 1 n.º 17/18 (2012)
A mass-conserving sparse grid combination technique with biorthogonal hierarchical basis functions for kinetic simulations
Creators: name: Pollinger, Theresa
name: Rentrop, Johannes
name: Pflüger, Dirk
name: Kormann, Katharina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 65M22

description: The exact numerical simulation of plasma turbulence is one of the assets and challenges in fusion research. For grid-based solvers, sufficiently fine resolutions are often unattainable due to the curse of dimensionality. The sparse grid combination technique provides the means to alleviate the curse of dimensionality for kinetic simulations. However, the hierarchical representation for the combination step with the state-of-the-art hat functions suffers from poor conservation properties and numerical instability. The present work introduces two new variants of hierarchical multiscale basis functions for use with the combination technique: the biorthogonal and full weighting bases. The new basis functions conserve the total mass and are shown to significantly increase accuracy for a finite-volume solution of constant advection. Further numerical experiments based on the combination technique applied to a semi-Lagrangian Vlasov--Poisson solver show a stabilizing effect of the new bases on the simulations.
Selection Rules for Hadronic Transitions of XYZ Mesons
Creators: name: Braaten, Eric
name: Langmack, Christian
name: Smith, D. Hudson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many of the XYZ mesons discovered in the last decade can be identified as bound states of a heavy quark and antiquark in Born-Oppenheimer (B-O) potentials defined by the energy of gluon and light-quark fields in the presence of static color sources. The mesons include quarkonium hybrids, which are bound states in excited flavor-singlet B-O potentials, and quarkonium tetraquarks, which are bound states in flavor-nonsinglet B-O potentials. The deepest hybrid potentials are known from lattice QCD calculations. The deepest tetraquark potentials can be inferred from lattice QCD calculations of static adjoint mesons. Selection rules for hadronic transitions are derived and used to identify XYZ mesons that are candidates for ground-state energy levels in the B-O potentials for charmonium hybrids and tetraquarks.
description: 5 pages
The Effects of Front-Surface Target Structures on Properties of Relativistic Laser-Plasma Electrons
Creators: name: Jiang, S.
name: Krygier, A. G.
name: Schumacher, D. W.
name: Akli, K. U.
name: Freeman, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a study of the role of prescribed geometrical structures on the front of a target in determining the energy and spatial distribution of relativistic laser-plasma electrons. Our 3D PIC simulation studies apply to short-pulse, high intensity laser pulses, and indicate that a judicious choice of target front-surface geometry provides the realistic possibility of greatly enhancing the yield of high energy electrons, while simultaneously confining the emission to narrow (< 5 degree) angular cones.
Hypercomplex Image-to-Image Translation
Creators: name: Grassucci, Eleonora
name: Sigillo, Luigi
name: Uncini, Aurelio
name: Comminiello, Danilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image-to-image translation (I2I) aims at transferring the content representation from an input domain to an output one, bouncing along different target domains. Recent I2I generative models, which gain outstanding results in this task, comprise a set of diverse deep networks each with tens of million parameters. Moreover, images are usually three-dimensional being composed of RGB channels and common neural models do not take dimensions correlation into account, losing beneficial information. In this paper, we propose to leverage hypercomplex algebra properties to define lightweight I2I generative models capable of preserving pre-existing relations among image dimensions, thus exploiting additional input information. On manifold I2I benchmarks, we show how the proposed Quaternion StarGANv2 and parameterized hypercomplex StarGANv2 (PHStarGANv2) reduce parameters and storage memory amount while ensuring high domain translation performance and good image quality as measured by FID and LPIPS scores. Full code is available at: https://github.com/ispamm/HI2I.
Variational quantitative phase-field modeling of nonisothermal sintering process
Creators: name: Oyedeji, Timileyin David
name: Yang, Yangyiwei
name: Egger, Herbert
name: Xu, Bai-Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present a variational and quantitative phase-field model for non-isothermal sintering processes. The model is derived via an extended non-diagonal phase-field model. The model evolution equations have naturally cross-coupling terms between the conserved kinetics (i.e., mass and thermal transfer) and the non-conserved one (grain growth). These terms are shown via asymptotic analysis to be instrumental in ensuring the elimination of interface artefacts, while also examined to not modify the thermodynamic equilibrium condition (characterized by dihedral angle). Moreover, we demonstrate that the trapping effects and existence of surface diffusion in conservation laws are direction-dependent. An anisotropic interpolation scheme of the kinetic mobilities which differentiates the normal and the tangential directions along the interface is discussed. Numerically, we demonstrate the importance of the cross-couplings and the anisotropic interpolation via presenting thermal-microstructural evolutions.
Marketing Territorial: A perspetiva do turismo no Parque Natural do Sudoeste Alentejano e Costa Vicentina
Creators: name: Perna, Fernando Pereira Antunes
name: Custódio, Maria João Ferreira
name: Oliveira, Vanessa Isabel Dos Reis
Publisher: name: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento
Year: 2012

description: Num quadro globalizado, em que os territórios competem para atrair e manter habitantes, empresas e visitantes, entre outros públicos, o conhecimento do perfil dos diferentes públicos-alvo torna-se indispensável para a procura de um modelo de desenvolvimento sustentável dos territórios, assim como para o aumento da competitividade entre os mesmos. Dando conta de uma investigação em curso, o presente artigo tem como objetivo traçar o perfil e motivações do visitante do Parque Natural do Sudoeste Alentejano e Costa Vicentina, uma área protegida no sul de Portugal, contribuindo, assim, como ponto de partida de conhecimento e base de desenvolvimento de futuras iniciativas de marketing territorial sobre este território.
description: Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, vol. 1 n.º 17/18 (2012)