cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The lower main sequence of stars in the solar neighborhood: Model predictions versus observation
Creators: name: Bartasiute, S.
name: Deveikis, V.
name: Raudeliunas, S.
name: Sperauskas, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the Simbad database and VizieR catalogue access tools to construct the observational color-absolute magnitude diagrams of nearby K-M dwarfs with precise Hipparcos parallaxes (σ_π/π< 0.05). Particular attention has been paid to removing unresolved double/multiple and variable stars. In addition to archival data, we have made use of nearly 2000 new radial-velocity measurements of K-M dwarfs to identify spectroscopic binary candidates. The main sequences, cleaned from unresolved binaries, variable stars, and old population stars which can also widen the sequence due to their presumably lower metallicity, were compared to available solar-metallicity models. Significant ofsets of most of the model main-sequence lines are seen with respect to observational data, especially for the lower-mass stars. Only the location and slope of the Victoria-Regina and, partly, BaSTI isochrones match the data quite well.
description: Submitted to JENAM-2011 SpS3 (Saint Petersburg, July 4-8, 2011) Proceedings
On 3-Pushdown Graphs With Large Separators
Creators: name: Galil, Zvi
name: Kannan, Ravi
name: Szemeredi, Endre
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Computer science

description: For an integer s let ZS(n), the s-iterated logarithm function, be defined inductively: [O(n) = n, [8+1(n) = log2(l8(n)) for s 2:: o. We show that for every fixed s and all n large enough, there is an n-vertex 3-pushdown graph whose smallest separator contains at least n(n/[8(n)) vertices.
Colorado water, January/February 2018
Creators: name: Mokry, Melissa
name: Lipscomb, Beth
name: Colorado Water Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The newsletter is devoted to highlighting water research and activities at CSU and throughout Colorado.
description: Newsletter of the Colorado Water Center. Theme: ATMs: Alternative Transfer Methods: an approach towards balancing municipal and agriculture water needs.
Mixed Distance Measures for Optimizing Concatenative Vocabularies for Speech Synthesis: A Thesis Proposal
Creators: name: Polish, Nathaniel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Computer science

description: Synthesized speech from text-to-speech systems is generally produced from the concatenation of small units of speech. The concatenation process can be complex, involving smoothing and context dependent adjustments to the speech. The overall quality of the speech produced will depend in large part on the quality of the elements used for concatenation. Selection and evaluation of these elements has been done entirely by hand. The proposed work addresses the process by which these concatenative elements are created from a natural voice and optimized. The optimization uses distance measures which exploit detailed information on the structure of the speech signals.
Support for Reliable Distributed Computing
Creators: name: Kaiser, Gail E.
name: Hseush, Wenwey
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1988
Subjects: Computer science

description: This technical report consists of two papers describing support for reliable distributed computing. Data Path Debugging: Data-Oriented Debugging for a Concurrent Programming Language explains our goal of data-oriented debugging, and then presents Data Path Expression (DPE) debugging, our approach to data-oriented debugging for concurrent programming languages. DPE is being implemented as pan of MD, the MELD Debugger. A Network Architecture for Reliable Distributed Computing proposes a reliable distributed environment (RDE) based on an efficient and reliable extension to datagram communications. It gives simulation results for coupled relations based on different algorithmsï¼Œ node failure rate, recover rate, message sending rate and data missing rate, and to illustrate behavior of distributed systems constructed using our view section model on top of RDE.
Direct votor contact: its effectiveness in the 2004 and 2006 Conservative Party of Canada's election campaigns
Creators: name: Hobbs, Steven
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: Bibliography: p. 103-109
description: The following thesis will examine the impact that the Conservative Party of Canada's direct voter contact (DVC) program had on the 2004 and 2006 federal elections. The dependent variables that will be tested are Conservative win/loss, Conservative vote share, Conservative margin of victory/loss, and voter turnout. The two major independent variables used are program participation (dichotomous variable) and Conservative voter penetration (continuous variable). Several statistical controls were also applied in a series of multiple regression analyses. The study revealed that the independent variables influenced each of the dependent variables positively from the perspective of the Conservative Party in both elections.
Frequency metrology of helium around 1083 nm and determination of the nuclear charge radius
Creators: name: Pastor, P. Cancio
name: Consolino, L.
name: Giusfredi, G.
name: De Natale, P.
name: Inguscio, M.
name: Yerokhin, V. A.
name: Pachucki, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the absolute frequency of seven out of the nine allowed transitions between the 2$^3${\it S} and 2$^3${\it P} hyperfine manifolds in a metastable $^3$He beam by using an optical frequency comb synthesizer-assisted spectrometer. The relative uncertainty of our measurements ranges from $1\times 10^{-11}$ to $5\times 10^{-12}$, which is, to our knowledge, the most precise result for any optical $^3$He transition to date. The resulting $2^3${\it P}-2$^3${\it S} centroid frequency is $276\,702\,827\,204.8\,(2.4)$kHz. Comparing this value with the known result for the $^4$He centroid and performing {\em ab initio} QED calculations of the $^4$He-$^3$He isotope shift, we extract the difference of the squared nuclear charge radii $δr^2$ of $^3$He and $^4$He. Our result for $δr^2=1.074 (3)$ fm$^2$ disagrees by about $4\,σ$ with the recent determination [R. van Rooij {\em et al.}, Science {\bf 333}, 196 (2011)].
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Additional file 1 of Impact of long-term exposure to PM2.5 and temperature on coronavirus disease mortality: observed trends in France
Creators: name: Tchicaya, Anastase
name: Lorentz, Nathalie
name: Omrani, Hichem
name: de Lanchy, Gaetan
name: Leduc, Kristell
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Availability of healthcare services and socio-spatial characteristics at the department level. Supplementary Table 2. Classification of departments in France by quartile of annual mean PM2.5 concentration level, in period 1999-2016 (by µg/m3). Supplementary Table 3: Relationships between COVID-19 mortality rate and exposure to PM2.5 and temperature. Unadjusted negative binomial regression analyses. Supplementary Figure 1: Daily evolution of the COVID-19 deaths in hospital in metropolitan France from 19 March 2,020 to 31 December, 2020
Topological Complexity is a Fibrewise L-S Category
Creators: name: Iwase, Norio
name: Sakai, Michihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55M30 (Primary) 55Q25 (Secondary)

description: Topological complexity $\TC{B}$ of a space $B$ is introduced by M. Farber to measure how much complex the space is, which is first considered on a configuration space of a motion planning of a robot arm. We also consider a stronger version $\TCM{B}$ of topological complexity with an additional condition: in a robot motion planning, a motion must be stasis if the initial and the terminal states are the same. Our main goal is to show the equalities $\TC{B} = \catBb{\double{B}}+1$ and $\TCM{B} = \catBB{\double{B}}+1$, where $\double{B}=B{\times}B$ is a fibrewise pointed space over $B$ whose projection and section are given by $p_{\double{B}}=\proj_{2} : B{\times}B \to B$ the canonical projection to the second factor and $s_{\double{B}}=Δ_{B} : B \to B{\times}B the diagonal. In addition, our method in studying fibrewise L-S category is able to treat a fibrewise space with singular fibres. Recently, we found a problem with the proof of Theorem 1.13 which states that for a fibrewise well-pointed space $X$ over $B$, we have $\catBB{X}$ = \catBb{X}$ and that for a locally finite simplicial complex $B$, we have $\TC{B} = \TCM{B}$. While we still conjecture that Theorem 1.13 is true, this problem means that, at present, no proof is given to exist. Alternatively, we show the difference between two invariants $\catBb{X}$ and $\catBB{X}$ is at most 1 and the conjecture is true for some cases. We give further corrections mainly in the proof of Theorem 1.12.
description: 12pages original + 5pages errata
Solanum aculeatum O. E. Schulz
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum aculeatum

description: Solanum aculeatum (Jacq.) O.E. Schulz in Urban, Symb. Ant. 6: 196. 1909 Type: Based on Aquartia aculeata Jacq.
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
Automatic Generation of RBF Networks
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Shayan
name: Nayar, Shree K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Computer science

description: Learning can be viewed as mapping from an input space to an output space. Examples of these mappings are used to construct a continuous function that approximates the given data and generalizes for intermediate instances. Radial basis function (RBF) networks are used to formulate this approximating function. A novel method is introduced that automatically constructs a RBF network for a given mapping and error bound. This network is shown to be the smallest network within the error bound for the given mapping. The integral wavelet transform is used to determine the parameters of the network. Simple one-dimensional examples are used to demonstrate how the network constructed using the transform is superior to one constructed using standard ad hoc optimization techniques. The paper concludes with the automatic generation of a network for a multidimensional problem, namely, object recognition and pose estimation. The results of this application are favorable.
Two new iridoid glycosides from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides
Creators: name: Li, Hai-Bo
name: Ma, Jin-Feng
name: Mei, Yu-Dan
name: Liu, Ling-Xian
name: Cao, Ze-yu
name: Shi, Dan-Feng
name: Yao, Xin-Sheng
name: Yu, Yang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Two new iridoid glycosides, 2′-O-cis-coumaroylgardoside (1), and 6′-O-caffeoylioxide (2), were isolated from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis (HR-ESI-MS, NMR) and chemical methods. The anti-inflammatory activities of the isolates were evaluated by measuring their inhibitory effects on PGE2 production in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, compounds 1 and 2 could reduce PGE2 levels in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages with IC50 values of 121.4 and 83.38 μM, respectively.
Wess-Zumino-Witten action and photons from the Chiral Magnetic Effect
Creators: name: Fukushima, Kenji
name: Mameda, Kazuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) using the chiral Lagrangian. We demonstrate that the electric-current formula of the CME is derived immediately from the contact part of the Wess-Zumino-Witten action. This implies that the CME could be, if observed, a signature for the local parity violation, but a direct evidence for neither quark deconfinement nor chiral restoration. We also discuss the reverse Chiral Magnetic Primakoff Effect, i.e. the real photon production through the vertex associated with the CME, which is kinematically possible for space-time inhomogeneous configurations of magnetic fields and the strong theta angle. We make a qualitative estimate for the photon yield to find that it comparable to the thermal photon.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; some discussions refined
Porting AIX onto the Student Electronic Notebook
Creators: name: Ioannidis, John
name: Maguire, Gerald Q.
name: Ben-Shaul, Israel Z.
name: Levedopoulos, Marios
name: Liu, Micky
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Computer science

description: We describe the Student Electronic Notebook and the process of porting IBM‘s AIX 1.1 to run on it. We believe that portable workstation-class machines connected by wireless networks and dependent on a computational and informational infrastructure raise a number of important issues in operating systems and distributed computation (e.g., the partitioning of tasks between workstations and infrastructure), and therefore the development of such machines and their software is important. We conclude by summarizing our activities, itemizing the lessons we learned and identifying the key criteria for the design of the successor machines.
Open Access Mystery - Host Information
Creators: name: Sundsbø, Katrine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: This is the Information Pack for the person who is hosting the Open Access Mystery. This file contains information about how the game is set up and how to play this game online, as well as a full overview of the game.
NB! There are spoilers in this pack!
Data structures and algorithms for approximate string matching Zvi Galil, Raffaele Giancarlo
Creators: name: Galil, Zvi
name: Giancarlo, Raffaele
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper surveys techniques for designing efficient sequential and parallel approximate string matching algorithms. Special attention is given to the methods for the construction of data structures that efficiently support primitive operations needed in approximate string matching.
Consistency and Automation in Multi-User Rule-Based Development Environments
Creators: name: Barghouti, Naser S.
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Computer science

description: We investigate the scaling up of a class of single-user software development environments, which we call rule-based development environments (RBDEs), to support multiple developers cooperating together on a project. RBDEs model the software development process in terms of rules that encapsulate activities, and execute forward and backward chaining on the rules to provide assistance in carrying out the development process. There is a spectrum of assistance models, ranging from pure automation to strict consistency preservation. We describe three problems whose solutions are dependent on the choice of assistance model: (1) multiple views; (2) evolution; and (3) concurrency control. We discuss how the two extremes of the spectrum restrict the possible approaches to multiple views and evolution. In order to explore different aspects of the concurrency control problem across multiple points on the spectrum of RBDEs, we develop a maximalist assistance model and propose an approach to synchronization of cooperating developers within the context of this model.
Service life prediction of connectors in masonry veneer wall systems
Creators: name: Hagel, Mark Daniel
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: Bibliography: p. 249-261
description: Includes a DVD-R containing appendix C: experimental results and hygirc-1d data dvd
description: The service life of a brick veneer wall system generally varies from 25 to 100 years depending on the function of the wall. Given that the connectors in brick veneer walls are not maintained with a regular maintenance schedule, the expected service life of the connectors in the wall must meet or exceed the design life of the wall. The intent of the research was to examine the sources of corrosion in six types of masonry veneer wall systems under specific service conditions and determine the expected life of the connectors in each wall system. The materials modeled for the fabrication of the connectors were: untreated steel, zinc-galvanized steel and austenitic stainless steel (type 316/304). The expected service life of the metal connectors was determined using a simulation that estimated the rates of corrosion of connectors embedded in mortar and connectors directly exposed to the micro-environment of the wall cavity. This was achieved by deriving expressions for chloride ion diffusion and carbonation and using the linear ISOCORRAG - Model A expression to model corrosion propagation. The result of the simulation was an estimate of the service life for the connector in a brick veneer wall system. Corrosion experiments were conducted to develop an instrument that could be used in the field or laboratory to obtain instantaneous corrosion rates of ties embedded in mortar. A potentiostat and corrosion probe were used on brick wall and brick prism specimens. The linear polarization resistance technique (LPR) was used to obtain the instantaneous corrosion rate from the polarization curves obtained with the potentiostat. The results of the research were: an initial effort in modelling the corrosion rate and resulting service life of steel connectors in brick veneer wall systems with demonstrated correlation to laboratory and historical corrosion rate results, an experimental procedure that can be used in the lab or field to obtain the corrosion rate of ties embedded in the mortar joint of brick veneer walls, and suggestions for future research in the area of connector corrosion in brick veneer wall systems.
Rayleigh-Benard convection with phase changes in a Galerkin model
Creators: name: Weidauer, Thomas
name: Pauluis, Olivier
name: Schumacher, Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition to turbulence in Rayleigh-Benard convection with phase changes and the resulting convective patterns are studied in a three-dimensional Galerkin model. Our study is focused to the conditionally unstable regime of moist convection in which the stratification is stable for unsaturated air parcels and unstable for saturated parcels. We perform a comprehensive statistical analysis of the transition to convection that samples the dependence of attractors (or fixed points) in the phase space of the model on the dimensionless parameters. Conditionally unstable convection can be initiated either from a fully unsaturated linearly stable equilibrium or a fully saturated linearly unstable equilibrium. Highly localized moist convection can be found in steady state, in oscillating recharge-discharge regime or turbulent in dependence on the aspect ratio and the degree of stable stratification of the unsaturated air. Our phase space analysis predicts parameter ranges for which self-sustained convective regimes in the case of subcritical conditional instability can be observed. The observed regime transitions for moist convection bear some similarities to transitions to turbulence in simple shear flows.
description: 30 pages, 14 Postscript figures
Additional file 1 of Italian consensus on the therapeutic management of uncomplicated acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in children
Creators: name: Krzysztofiak, Andrzej
name: Chiappini, Elena
name: Venturini, Elisabetta
name: Gargiullo, Livia
name: Roversi, Marco
name: Montagnani, Carlotta
name: Bozzola, Elena
name: Chiurchiu, Sara
name: Vecchio, Davide
name: Castagnola, Elio
name: Tomà, Paolo
name: Rossolini, Gian Maria
name: Toniolo, Renato Maria
name: Esposito, Susanna
name: Cirillo, Marco
name: Cardinale, Fabio
name: Novelli, Andrea
name: Beltrami, Giovanni
name: Tagliabue, Claudia
name: Boero, Silvio
name: Deriu, Daniele
name: Bianchini, Sonia
name: Grandin, Annalisa
name: Bosis, Samantha
name: Ciarcià, Martina
name: Ciofi, Daniele
name: Tersigni, Chiara
name: Bortone, Barbara
name: Trippella, Giulia
name: Nicolini, Giangiacomo
name: Lo Vecchio, Andrea
name: Giannattasio, Antonietta
name: Musso, Paola
name: Serrano, Elena
name: Marchisio, Paola
name: Donà, Daniele
name: Garazzino, Silvia
name: Pierantoni, Luca
name: Mazzone, Teresa
name: Bernaschi, Paola
name: Ferrari, Alessandra
name: Gattinara, Guido Castelli
name: Galli, Luisa
name: Villani, Alberto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Gravitational geons on the brane
Creators: name: Kermode, Daniel John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Gravitational geons, if they exist, represent a candidate for cosmological dark matter observations. Gravitational Geons that are nonsingular, asymptotically flat, topologically trivial spacetime solutions are not possible in General Relativity. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether such geons are possible on a 3 dimensional brane embedded in a 4+1 dimensional spacetime. Our approach is to identify the characteristics of a candidate spacetime solution on the brane, choose an example spacetime that exhibits those characteristics and determine if it corresponds to a gravitational geon.
Additional file 1 of Multilevel responses of adult zebrafish to crude and chemically dispersed oil exposure
Creators: name: Esteban-Sánchez, Ada
name: Johann, Sarah
name: Bilbao, Dennis
name: Prieto, Ailette
name: Hollert, Henner
name: Seiler, Thomas-B.
name: Orbea, Amaia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. List of Abbreviations and limits of detection of target PAHs analyzed in exposure solutions and carcasses. Table S2. Concentrations of target PAHs (ng/L) in 5% WAFOIL exposure media over two cycles (exposure media was changed every 72 h) and analyzed using GC–MS. Values below detection limits are expressed as BDL. Table S3. Concentrations of target PAHs (ng/L) in 25% WAFOIL exposure media over two cycles (exposure media was changed each 72 h) and analyzed using GC–MS. Values below detection limits are expressed as BDL. Note that the value at 6 h for the first cycle is missing due to technical problems. Table S4. Concentrations of target PAHs (ng/L) in 5% WAFOIL+D exposure media over two cycles (exposure media was changed each 72 h) and analyzed using GC–MS. Values below detection limits are expressed as BDL. Note that the value at 24 h for the first cycle and at 72 h for the second cycle are missing due to technical problems. Table S5. Concentrations of PAHs (ng/g) in fish carcass tissue after 21 days of exposure to WAF dilutions of NNS crude oil. Fish were exposed to WAF dilutions of crude oil only (WAFOIL) and chemically dispersed crude oil (FINASOL OSR 52, WAFOIL+D). Values below detection limits are expressed as BDL. Table S6. Relative biochemical biomarker activity in brain, liver and gills of adult zebrafish after short- (3 d) and long-term (21 d) exposure to WAF dilutions of NNS crude oil. Fish were exposed to WAF dilutions of crude oil only (WAFOIL) and chemically dispersed (FINASOL OSR 52) crude oil (WAFOIL+D). Data represent the mean relative induction (IF) of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in tissue homogenates of 4 replicates per treatment (1 replicate = pool of 3 individual tissues) compared to unexposed control with standard deviation. Table S7. Relative micronucleus frequency (IF) in erythrocytes from adult zebrafish blood smears after short- (3 d) and long-term (21 d) exposure to WAF dilutions of an NNS crude oil compared to unexposed to control. Data represent the mean IF of 7–10 individual fish exposed to WAF dilutions of crude oil only (WAFOIL) and chemically dispersed crude oil (FINASOL OSR 52, WAFOIL+D) with standard deviation (SD).
Inward FDI in Germany and its policy context: Update 2011
Creators: name: Jost, Thomas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: During the 2009 worldwide financial and economic crisis, Germany kept its position as the fourth largest host economy for inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) among developed countries, although its IFDI stock measured in Euros decreased slightly due to valuation effects. IFDI flows strongly rose that year and further increased in 2010, reflecting the improved financial position of multinational enterprises (MNEs) operating in Germany and the strong economic upswing of the German economy at that time. In the first half of 2011, IFDI flows were low, as foreign parent companies sharply cut intra-company lending to their German affiliates. Economic reforms in recent years have further improved the attractiveness of Germany as a business location, reflected in excellent international competitiveness rankings. But, the ongoing European debt crisis and the economic slowdown of the European economy could dampen IFDI in the second half of 2011 and in 2012.
Colorado water, July/August 2013
Creators: name: Middleton, Lindsey A.
name: Colorado Water Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the state's research universities.
description: Newsletter of the Water Center of Colorado State University. Theme: Agricultural water.
Kinetic parameter estimation and flow modeling of a photocatalytic reactor for waste gas treatment
Creators: name: Jarandehei, Asefeh
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: Bibliography: p. 86-98
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: In this study two different methodologies have been utilized to model a photocatalytic reactor with a serpentine geometry for the degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE). Once the relevance of charge trapping in photocatalysis was established, the kinetic parameters of a kinetic model considering the effect of this phenomenon were estimated based on experimental data of Demeestere et al. [1] using flow models developed through simplified mass balance equations. It was found that although this kind of modeling gives useful information about the system, a more powerful methodology is needed to better explain the results and understand the fluid flow properties. Therefore, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation was applied to provide a more realistic hydrodynamic model and consequently more accurate estimation of kinetic parameters. In the CFD modeling, first order and Langmuir-Hinshelwood (LH) kinetics for TCE removal rate were considered. The flow regime was laminar with a range of Reynolds numbers of 161 ≤ Re ≤ 972. However, at the higher end of these Reynolds numbers, the laminar flow becomes unstable. Through the CFD simulation, the velocity field and the concentration gradient of TCE in the reactor at various pollutant concentrations, 100 to 500 ppm, and gas residence times, 10 to 60.3 s were studied in detail.
A Collection of Four Transcripts of Long Conversations through Computers Including the Experiments Protocols
Creators: name: Elhadad, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Computer science

description: This report is a presentation of four transcripts of long conversations between four or five participants. The conversations were held through computer terminals using a windowing communication system. Three different types of experiments have been run. The first part of the report presents the system that has been used and the setting common to all experiments. Other possible experimental settings are compared and criticized. The second part describes the formatting method and transcription used for all the transcripts. The third part is a description of each of lt1e experiments. The fourth part is the complete transcription of all four conversations.
Square Root Propagation
Creators: name: Howard, Andrew
name: Jebara, Tony
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Computer science
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a message propagation scheme for numerically stable inference in Gaussian graphical models which can otherwise be susceptible to errors caused by finite numerical precision. We adapt square root algorithms, popular in Kalman filtering, to graphs with arbitrary topologies. The method consists of maintaining potentials and generating messages that involve the square root of precision matrices. Combining this with the machinery of the junction tree algorithm leads to an efficient and numerically stable algorithm. Experiments are presented to demonstrate the robustness of the method to numerical errors that can arise in complex learning and inference problems.
Spontaneous excitation of a static multilevel atom coupled with electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations in Schwarzschild spacetime
Creators: name: Zhou, Wenting
name: Yu, Hongwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spontaneous excitation of a radially polarized static multilevel atom outside a spherically symmetric black hole in multi-polar interaction with quantum electromagnetic fluctuations in the Boulware, Unruh and Hartle-Hawking vacuum states. We find that spontaneous excitation does not occur in the Boulware vacuum, and, in contrast to the scalar field case, spontaneous emission rate is not well-behaved at the event horizon as result of the blow-up of the proper acceleration of the static atom. However, spontaneous excitation can take place both in the Unruh and the Hartle-Hawking vacua as if there were thermal radiation from the black hole. Distinctive features in contrast to the scalar field case are the existence of a term proportional to the proper acceleration squared in the rate of change of the mean atomic energy in the Unruh and the Hartle-Hawking vacuums and the structural similarity in the spontaneous excitation rate between the static atoms outside a black hole and uniformly accelerated ones in a flat space with a reflecting boundary, which is particularly dramatic at the event horizon where a complete equivalence exists.
description: 21 pages, no figures
Solanum aculeatum var. fuertesii O. E. Schulz
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum aculeatum
Solanum aculeatum (jacq.) o.e. schulz var. fuertesii o.e. schulz in urban, symb. ant. 7: 370. 1912

description: Solanum aculeatum (Jacq.) O.E. Schulz var. fuertesii O.E. Schulz in Urban, Symb. Ant. 7: 370. 1912 Type: Dominican Republic. Barahona prov., “ am Duvergé fluss ”, 50 m, Aug 1910, M. Fuertes 384 (lectotype, NY [NY00111372], designated here; isolectotypes, E [E00202467], US [US-658349, barcode US00027440]).
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
Integrating Groupware Activities into Workflow Management Systems
Creators: name: Ben-Shaul, Israel Z.
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Computer science

description: Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) has been recognized as a crucial enabling technology for multi-user computer-based systems, particularly in cases where synchronous human-human interaction is required between geographically dispersed users. Workflow is an emerging technology that supports complex business processes in modern corporations by allowing to explicitly define the process, and by supporting its execution in a workflow management system (WFMS). Since workflow inherently involves humans carrying out parts of the process, it is only natural to explore how to synergize these two technologies. We analyze the relationships between groupware and workflow management, present our general approach to integrating synchronous groupware tools into a WFMS, and conclude with an example process that was implemented in the Oz WFMS and integrated such tools. Our main contribution lies in the integration and synchronization of individual groupware activities into modeled workflow processes, as opposed to being a built-in part of the workflow WFMS.
Solanum aculeatum var. luxurians O. Schmidt 2009, Spec. Nov.
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum aculeatum
Solanum aculeatum (jacq.) o.e. schulz var. luxurians o.e. schulz ex o. schmidt, repert. spec. nov. regni veg. 32: 91. 1933

description: Solanum aculeatum (Jacq.) O.E. Schulz var. luxurians O.E. Schulz ex O. Schmidt, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 32: 91. 1933 Type: Haiti. Massif des Matheux, Thomazeau, Morne-a-Cabrits, 400 m, 17 May 1928, E.L. Ekman H.9979 (lectotype, S [S04-2827], designated here; isotype, K [K000196473]).
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
Superfluid effects on gauging core temperatures of neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binaries
Creators: name: Ho, Wynn C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron stars accreting matter from low-mass binary companions are observed to undergo bursts of X-rays due to the thermonuclear explosion of material on the neutron star surface. We use recent results on superfluid and superconducting properties to show that the core temperature in these neutron stars may not be uniquely determined for a range of observed accretion rates. The degeneracy in inferred core temperatures could contribute to explaining the difference between neutron stars which have very short recurrence times between multiple bursts and those which have long recurrence times between bursts: short bursting sources have higher temperatures and normal neutrons in the stellar core, while long bursting sources have lower temperatures and superfluid neutrons. If correct, measurements of the lowest luminosity from among the short bursting sources and highest luminosity from among the long bursting sources can be used to constrain the critical temperature for the onset of neutron superfluidity.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; added reference to previous work, match print version in MNRAS Letters
Isolation and structural elucidation of a low-molecular-weight polysaccharide from the roots of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer
Creators: name: Zhao, Bin
name: Wang, Xin-Ying
name: Luo, Wen
name: Lin, Yue
name: Lv, Chong-Ning
name: Lu, Jin-Cai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A low-molecular-weight polysaccharide named MCGP-L was extracted and purified from the roots of Mountain cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). The polysaccharide MCGP-L was purified by molecular exclusion chromatography using the Sephadex G-25 column. The average molecular weight of MCGP-L was estimated to be 3 × 103 kDa. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed MCGP-L was composed of three kinds of monosaccharide: D-glucose, D-galactose and D-mannose. The physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of MCGP-L were investigated by the combination of chemical and instrumental analysis such as methylation analysis, High Performance Gel-Permeation Chromatography (HPGPC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The backbone of MCGP-L was composed of (1→4)-linked-α-D-Glcp residues and with branch chain substituted at O-6 position of (1→4,6)-linked-α-D-Glcp. The branch chain consists of →6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →2)-α-D-Manp-(1→ and β-D-Glcp-(1→.
Solanum aquartia var. fuertesii
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum aquartia
Solanum aquartia dunal var. fuertesii (o.e. schulz)

description: Solanum aquartia Dunal var. fuertesii (O.E. Schulz) Alain, Phytologia 70: 150. 1991 Type: Based on Solanum aculeatum (Jacq.) O.E. Schulz var. fuertesii O.E. Schulz.
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
Additional file 1 of Patient perceptions of the challenges of recruitment to a renal randomised trial registry: a pilot questionnaire-based study
Creators: name: Murphy, Ellen
name: O’Keeffe, Aoife
name: O Shea, Niamh
name: Long, Eva
name: Eustace, Joseph A.
name: Shiely, Frances
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Patient Questionnaire.pdf. Patient questionnaire used to collect data in this study.
Colorado water, April 2000
Creators: name: Hall, Emile
name: Oswalt, Chris
name: Shrier, Cat
name: Miller, Shirley
name: Colorado Water Resources Research Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The scope of the newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the research universities in the state.
description: Newsletter of the Water Center at Colorado State University.
Additional file 1 of Attitudes toward withholding antibiotics from people with dementia lacking decisional capacity: findings from a survey of Canadian stakeholders
Creators: name: Bravo, Gina
name: Van den Block, Lieve
name: Downie, Jocelyn
name: Arcand, Marcel
name: Trottier, Lise
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Survey items used in this paper.
Additional file 4 of A distinct circular DNA profile intersects with proteome changes in the genotoxic stress-related hSOD1G93A model of ALS
Creators: name: Gerovska, Daniela
name: Noer, Julie B.
name: Qin, Yating
name: Ain, Quratul
name: Januzi, Donjetë
name: Schwab, Matthias
name: Witte, Otto W.
name: Araúzo-Bravo, Marcos J.
name: Kretz, Alexandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Heatmap of the top 1000 most variable eccDNAs produced per gene (PpGCs). The color bar on the top codifies the PpGCs in log2 scale. Higher values of PpGCs correspond to redder color. C, control; A, ALS group.
Ionization potentials and electron affinities from reduced density matrix functional theory
Creators: name: Zarkadoula, E. N.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Dewhurst, J. K.
name: Gross, E. K. U.
name: Lathiotakis, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the recent work of S. Sharma \emph{et al.}, (arxiv.org: arxiv:0912.1118), a single-electron spectrum associated with the natural orbitals was defined as the derivative of the total energy with respect to the occupation numbers at half filling for the orbital of interest. This idea reproduces the bands of various periodic systems using the appropriate functional quite accurately. In the present work we apply this approximation to the calculation of the ionization potentials and electron affinities of molecular systems using various functionals within the reduced density-matrix functional theory. We demonstrate that this approximation is very successful in general and in particular for certain functionals it performs better than the direct determination of the ionization potentials and electron affinities through the calculation of positive and negative ions respectively. The reason for this is identified to be the inaccuracy that arises from different handling of the open- and closed-shell systems.
Toward Scalable and Parallel Inductive Learning: A Case Study in Splice Junction Prediction
Creators: name: Chan, Philip K.
name: Stolfo, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Computer science

description: Much of the research in inductive learning concentrates on problems with relatively small amounts of training data. With the steady progress of the Human Genome Project, it is likely that orders of magnitude more data in sequence databases will be available in the near future for various learning problems of biological importance. Thus, techniques that provide the means of scaling machine learning algorithms requires considerable attention. Meta-learning is proposed as a general technique to integrate a number of distinct learning processes that aims to provide a means of scaling to large problems. This paper details several meta-learning strategies for integrating independently learned classifiers on subsets of training data by the same learner in a parallel and distributed computing environment. Our strategies are particularly suited for massive amounts of data that main-memory-based learning algorithms cannot handle efficiently. The strategies are also independent of the particular learning algorithm used and the underlying parallel and distributed platform. Preliminary experiments using different learning algorithms in a simulated parallel environment demonstrate encouraging results: parallel learning by meta-learning can achieve comparable prediction accuracy in less space and time than serial learning.
Speeding up dynamic programming with applications to molecular biology
Creators: name: Galil, Zvi
name: Giancarlo, Raffaele
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Molecular biology
Biological models

description: Consider the problem of computing E[j] = mit:! {D[k] + w(k, j)}, j = 1, ... , n, O~k~]-l where w is a given weight function, D[D] is given and for every k = 1, ... , n, D[k] is easily computable from E[k]. This problem appears as a subproblem in dynamic programming solutions to various problems. Obviously, it can be solved in time O( n2 ), and for a general weight function no better algorithm is possible. We consider two dual cases that arise in applications: In the concave case, the weight function satisfies the quadrangle inequality: w(k,j) + w(l,j') ~ w(l,j) +w(k,j'), for all k ~ 1 ~ j ~ j'. In the convex case, the weight function satisfies the inverse quadrangle inequality. In both cases we show how to use the assumed property of w to derive an O( n log n) algorithm. Even better, linear-time algorithms are obtained if w satisfies the following additional closest zero property: for every two integers 1 and k, 1 < k, and real number a, the smallest zero of f(x) = w(l,x) - w(k,x) - a which is larger than 1 can be found in constant time. Surprisingly, the two algorithms are also dual in the following sense: Both work in stages. In the j-th stage they compute Elj]. They maintain a set of candidates which satisfies the property that Elj] depends only on D[k] + w(k, j) for k's in the set. Moreover, each algorithm discards candidates from the set, and discarded candidates never rejoin the set. To be able to maintain such a set of candidates efficiently one uses the following "dual" data structures: a queue in the concave case and a stack in the convex case. The two algorithms speed up several dynamic programming routines that solve as a subproblem the problem above. The speed-up is from O(n3 ) to O(n2Iogn) or O(n2 ). Applications include algorithms for comparing DNA sequences, algorithms for determining the secondary structure of RNA, and algorithms used in speech recognition and geology. One typical problem is the following: Given the cost of substituting any pair of symbols and a convex cost function g for gaps (where g(r) is the cost of a gap of size r), compute the modified edit distance between the two given sequences.