cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The PMS star V1184 Tau (CB 34V) at the end of prolonged eclipse
Creators: name: Semkov, E. H.
name: Peneva, S. P.
name: Ibryamov, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V1184 Tau (CB 34V) lies in the field of the Bok globule CB 34 and was discovered as a large amplitude variable in 1993. According to the first hypothesis of the variability of the star, it is a FU Orionis candidate erupted between 1951 and 1993. During subsequent observations, the star manifests large amplitude variability interpreted as obscuration from circumstellar clouds of dust. We included V1184 Tau (CB 34V) in our target list of highly variable pre-main-sequence stars to determine the reasons for the variations in the brightness of this object. Data from BVRI photometric observations of the young stellar object V1184 Tau, obtained in the period 2008-2015, are presented in the paper. These data are a continuation of our optical photometric monitoring of the star began in 2000 and continuing to date. The photometric observations of V1184 Tau were performed in two observatories with two medium-sized and two small telescopes. Our results indicate that during periods of maximum light the star shows characteristics typical of T Tauri stars. During the observed deep minimum in brightness, however, V1184 Tau is rather similar to UX Orionis objects. The deep drop in brightness began in 2003 ended in 2015 as the star has returned to maximum light. The light curve during the drop is obviously asymmetric as the decrease in brightness lasts two times longer than the rise. The observed colour reverse on the colour-magnitude diagrams is also confirmation of obscuration from circumstellar clouds of dust as a reason for the large amplitude variability in the brightness.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Influence of Non-Potential Coronal Magnetic Topology on Solar-Wind Models
Creators: name: Edwards, S. J.
name: Yeates, A. R.
name: Bocquet, F. -X.
name: Mackay, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By comparing a magneto-frictional model of the low coronal magnetic field to a potential-field source-surface model, we investigate the possible impact of non-potential magnetic structure on empirical solar-wind models. These empirical models (such as Wang-Sheeley-Arge) estimate the distribution of solar-wind speed solely from the magnetic-field structure in the low corona. Our models are computed in a domain between the solar surface and 2.5 solar radii, and are extended to 0.1 AU using a Schatten current-sheet model. The non-potential field has a more complex magnetic skeleton and quasi-separatrix structures than the potential field, leading to different sub-structure in the solar-wind speed proxies. It contains twisted magnetic structures that can perturb the separatrix surfaces traced down from the base of the heliospheric current sheet. A significant difference between the models is the greater amount of open magnetic flux in the non-potential model. Using existing empirical formulae this leads to higher predicted wind speeds for two reasons: partly because magnetic flux tubes expand less rapidly with height, but more importantly because more open field lines are further from coronal-hole boundaries.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Fungal Load of Groundwater Systems in Geographically Segregated Islands: A Step Forward in Fungal Control
Creators: name: Cho, Joong Hee
name: Jun, Nam Soo
name: Park, Jong Myong
name: Bang, Ki In
name: Hong, Ji Won
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The fungal distribution, diversity, and load were analyzed in the geographically segregated island groundwater systems in Korea. A total of 79 fungal isolates were secured from seven islands and identified based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. They belonged to three phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Chlorophyta), five classes, sixteen orders, twenty-two families, and thirty-one genera. The dominant phylum was Ascomycota (91.1%), with most fungi belonging to the Cladosporium (21.5%), Aspergillus (15.2%), and Stachybotrys (8.9%) genera. Cladosporium showed higher dominance and diversity, being widely distributed throughout the geographically segregated groundwater systems. Based on the diversity indices, the genera richness (4.821) and diversity (2.550) were the highest in the groundwater system of the largest scale. As turbidity (0.064–0.462) increased, the overall fungal count increased and the residual chlorine (0.089–0.308) had low relevance compared with the total count and fungal diversity. Cladosporium showed normal mycelial growth in de-chlorinated sterilized samples. Overall, if turbidity increases under higher fungal diversity, bio-deterioration in groundwater-supplying facilities and public health problems could be intensified, regardless of chlorine treatment. In addition to fungal indicators and analyzing methods, physical hydrostatic treatment is necessary for monitoring and controlling fungal contamination.
Diversity of the Bambusicolous Fungus Apiospora in Korea: Discovery of New Apiospora Species
Creators: name: Kwon, Sun Lul
name: Cho, Minseo
name: Lee, Young Min
name: Lee, Hanbyul
name: Kim, Changmu
name: Kim, Gyu-Hyeok
name: Kim, Jae-Jin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Many Apiospora species have been isolated from bamboo plants – to date, 34 bambusicolous Apiospora species have been recorded. They are known as saprophytes, endophytes, and plant pathogens. In this study, 242 bambusicolous Apiospora were isolated from various bamboo materials (branches, culms, leaves, roots, and shoots) and examined using DNA sequence similarity based on the internal transcribed spacer, 28S large subunit ribosomal RNA gene, translation elongation factor 1-alpha, and beta-tubulin regions. Nine Apiospora species (Ap. arundinis, Ap. camelliae-sinensis, Ap. hysterina, Ap. lageniformis sp. nov., Ap. paraphaeosperma, Ap. pseudohyphopodii sp. nov., Ap. rasikravindrae, Ap. saccharicola, and Ap. sargassi) were identified via molecular analysis. Moreover, the highest diversity of Apiospora was found in culms, and the most abundant species was Ap. arundinis. Among the nine Apiospora species, two (Ap. hysterina and Ap. paraphaeosperma) were unrecorded in Korea, and the other two species (Ap. lageniformis sp. nov. and Ap. pseudohyphopodii sp. nov.) were potentially novel species. Here, we describe the diversity of bambusicolous Apiospora species in bamboo organs, construct a multi-locus phylogenetic tree, and delineate morphological features of new bambusicolous Apiospora in Korea.
Resilience of Public Spaces: A Case Study of the Colonies in Ottoman Palestine, 1878-1918
Creators: name: Epstein-Pliouchtch, Marina
name: Abramovich, Talia
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: "Moshavot" were a new form of colonies established by immigrants, mainly from Eastern Europe, to Ottoman Palestine from the late 19th century to the early 20th. The paper will explore the initial four decades of these colonies, from the founding of the first one in 1878, to the beginning of the British Mandate in Palestine, in 1918. During these forty years, the colonies were exposed to processes of radical change and modernization: the industrial revolution, political and cultural developments under Ottoman rule, and the social transformations wrought by World War I. The huge impact of these processes was particularly marked in the colonies' public spaces. To cope with the physical and functional changes wrought by the exigencies of the war, as well as an influx of immigrants and other demographic changes, these spaces required functional flexibility, adaptive design, and structural resilience. Planned and designed as modern spaces, they were characterized by broad boulevards, large administrative buildings, and landscaped promenades, all of which exhibited a strong capacity for resilience. The paper will examine the vigour and robustness of these early modern public spaces from three perspectives: their planning and construction; the functions they served; and how they changed over the course of these four decades. According to researchers of urban space such as Lewis Mumford, the resilience of public spaces is predicated on the ways they are created and defined, and the extent to which they evoke a sense of ownership and belonging in the communities they serve. In the colonies we have studied, public spaces were vibrant local centres for a multi-cultural population, whose wide-ranging ethnic, religious and national roots could be seen in wide French-style boulevards, with Ottoman-style civic buildings and water fountains, sebils, and in synagogues designed, apparently, by Templar German architects. In this paper we will discuss the characteristics that gave these public spaces their diverse, multi-cultural nature, and those that contributed to their robust physical and spiritual strength. On the basis of new, as yet unpublished archival evidence, we will present a few case studies of public spaces (parks, civic institutions, etc.) in the colonies of Palestine which thanks to their innate vitality managed to survive this volatile and stormy period of history.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Ideas on the Move and Modernisation
Motivations for Atlantic Coast Conference's International College Athletes to Compete
Creators: name: Hua, Rong
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: This study explores international ACC athletes' motivations to compete, and provide additional insights into how motivations vary according to demographic variables. All the international college athletes at ACC institutions will be asked to do a survey to answer some demographic questions and rate the importance of some items that may or may not be contributed to motivations for ACC international athletes participated in collegiate sports in the US. The data collected by the survey is analyzed to assess if there are significant differences in motivational factors means based on demographic variables. The findings of this study will not only help coaches and administrators better understand international college athletes' academic and athletic experiences in the United States, but will also contribute to our understanding of which factors may result in increased levels of international college athletes' satisfaction. Keywords: ACC, international college athlete, motivation
Assessment of Phantom Dosimetry and Image Quality of Accuitomo 170 and MiniCAT Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Creators: name: Erickson, Robert
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Introduction: Escalating use of cone-beam computed tomography contributes to a burgeoning public health issue regarding the amount of ionizing radiation associated with diagnostic imaging delivered to the population, especially children. Methods: Effective doses were calculated and compared from optically stimulated dosimeter measurements and a previously validated protocol using anthropomorphic adult and child phantoms scanned with the Accuitomo 170 (J. Morita, Japan) and MiniCAT (Xoran Technologies, Ann Arbor, MI) CBCT machines. Results: Average child phantom doses (440 and 117 µSv) were 60% and 56% greater than the adult doses from the Accuitomo 170 and MiniCAT units respectively. Thyroid dose, particularly to the child, had a significant contribution to the overall dose. Conclusion: Effective dose for the two units increased as FOV increased. The child dose, especially the thyroid, increased when compared to the adult phantom. Child protocols and the smallest FOV helps reduce the child's effective dose.
Study on Urban Planning and Construction Management Institution of Modern Tianjin
Creators: name: Liu, Qingyue
name: Li, Dongwei
name: Song, Kun
name: Wang, Jianghua
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: After the Second Opium War in 1860, Tianjin was opened as a treaty port of China. From 1860 to 1902, nine foreign countries had set up concessions in Tianjin. They are British, France, US, German, Italia, Japan, Russia, Austria and Belgium. Tianjin became the city which had the most concessions in China. Since then, the import of modern urban planning theory and management regime from the western countries had a profound effect on the urban planning and construction in Tianjin. Great changes had taken place on land consolidation, real estate development, urban construction, spatial planning, and construction management. This paper focuses on the organization structure of the urban planning and construction management institution， management principles, government laws, land policy in Tianjin from 1860 to 1945. It highlights the transformation of urban planning and construction management organization in concessions and native area in Tianjin during that time. As the first established concession in Tianjin, the British Concession followed the public concession of Shanghai, founding the municipal committee to supervise urban construction. Subsequently, other concessions set up their respective management institutions. And the Tianjin Provisional Government was the first to apply management mode of the concessions into Chinese native area. This paper explores how the western urban construction management system was introduced into concessions in Tianjin, and how it was applied in the construction and management of Chinese section in Tianjin based on a wealth of collected information. Such as historical archives, historic documents, old postcards, old pictures from Tianjin Municipal Archives and previous research works. From the perspective of city planning and construction management system, this paper reveals the causes and process of transformation of urban construction in modern Tianjin. At the same time, it further analyses the important influence and effect of the introduction of western urban construction management mode on urban construction in Tianjin. Finally, it reaches a conclusion that all the changes which happened in modern Tianjin not only transformed the boundary and spatial structure of this city, but also affected the pattern of development and management in Chinese section. From then on, a new chapter of urban construction for modern Tianjin has been opened.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Ideas on the Move and Modernisation
Transient dynamics of spin-polarized injection in helical Luttinger liquids
Creators: name: Calzona, Alessio
name: Carrega, Matteo
name: Dolcetto, Giacomo
name: Sassetti, Maura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the time evolution of spin-polarized electron wave packets injected into the edge states of a two-dimensional topological insulator. In the presence of electron interactions, the system is described as a helical Luttinger liquid and injected electrons fractionalize. However, because of the presence of metallic detectors, no evidences of fractionalization are encoded in dc measurements, and in this regime the system do not show deviations from its non-interacting behavior. Nevertheless, we show that the helical Luttinger liquid nature emerges in the transient dynamics, where signatures of charge/spin fractionalization can be clearly identified.
description: Contribution for the special issue of Physica E in memory of Markus B\"uttiker. 4 figures
title: Filtering and localisation effects for elastic waves in periodic composite structures
Creators: name: Tallarico,
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: This PhD thesis is primarily concerned with the study of propagation - either enhanced or inhibited - of elastic and electromagnetic waves in composite structures governed by coupled equations. The introductory chapter of the thesis provides scientific and technological motivations of the aforementioned problems by means of a literature review. Chapter 1 is concerned with the mathematical methodologies and illustrative examples useful in the subsequent chapters. In particular, the governing equations for piezoelectric materials are discussed. Quasi-periodicity Bloch-Floquet conditions are presented and used to study periodic isotropic and piezoelectric layered structures as well as structured discrete lattices in one and two dimensions. In chapter 2, we formulate and solve the scattering of shear elastic and TM electromagnetic waves from a finite stack of piezoelectric layers via a recurrence procedure approach. The reflectance and transmittance are evaluated for pass- and stop-bands of the corresponding periodic problem. Particular attention is given to the so called “cross-term” transmittance, i.e. to the quantification of the conversion efficiency of electromagnetic energy into elastic energy and vice versa. Chapter 3 is dedicated to the analysis of the dispersive properties of a doubly-periodic piezoelectric composite material. Different frequency regimes are identified: a low-frequency regime where the material behaves isotropically, and a higher frequency regime in which the material exhibits dynamic anisotropy. Attention is given to the role of the piezoelectricity on the aforementioned phenomena. Chapter 4 introduces a triangular lattice whose unit cell contains a geometrically chiral inclusion, i.e. a triangular resonator which is tilted by an angle ϑ0 with respect to the hosting unit cell. The Newton equations for the structured unit cell are solved together with Bloch-Floquet boundary conditions. The physical implications of the geometric chirality are identified and discussed both via the analysis of the dispersion diagram and through illustrative examples, including Bloch-Floquet displacement fields and forced problems of elasticity. Chapter 5 is devoted to several applications of the lattice structure introduced in chapter 4: focussing of elastic waves through a “flat lens” is achieved using the novel tunable dispersive properties of the triangular lattice with tilted resonators; structural interfaces containing tilted resonators are implemented and analysed in the context of edge wave-guiding and wave-defect interaction; finally the role of resonators on the initiation and advance of a crack in a thermoelastic lattice is investigated. In chapter 6 we provide our conclusions and outline future work.
Public Housing of Early Modern Tianjin (1928-1937)
Creators: name: Sun, Yanchen
name: Hein, Carola
name: Song, Kun
name: Wang, Jianghua
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: Societal reform, the planning and construction of public housing and the introduction of new building typologies went hand in hand in early modern China. Western and Japanese debates on public housing served as models, and Chinese scholars and professionals with the support of the KMT (Kuomintang) developed public housing as a sign of innovation both in terms of societal organization and building typology. Using the under-researched case of Tianjin’s public housing in the so-called Golden Decade (1928 -1937) as a case study, the paper first explores how journals and foreign trained Chinese scholars introduced the concept of modern housing to China through publications, and early constructions. Notably the YMCA Labours Model New Village in Shanghai impressed the KMT leader Chiang Kai-shek. It then explores three public housing projects developed for Tianjin, only one of which was realized. Exploring the locations, architectural designs, renting regulations and management rules of these projects, the paper argues that these projects (both planned and realized) aimed mostly at poor families, and served as a means to solve housing problems and reform society as well as to police the poor. The public housing projects in this period formed the foundation for later public housing in China.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Ideas on the Move and Modernisation
Shattered spaces: Jewish sites in Germany and Poland after 1945
Creators: name: Meng, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: By 1945, almost all that was left of Jewish life in Germany and Poland were shattered spaces --- synagogues, Jewish cemeteries, and Jewish districts. What happened to these damaged and largely abandoned sites after the Holocaust? This dissertation explores this question from a transnational and cross-political perspective; it analyzes the shifting appropriation of Jewish sites in Berlin, Essen, Potsdam, Warsaw, and Wroclaw from 1945 to the present. In the early postwar decades, urban planners, historic preservationists, and officials completed the destruction of numerous damaged Jewish sites or allowed them to ruin by neglect. Jewish sites reflected spaces of violence and a minority culture that did not fit into the temporal demands of urban modernism, socialist realism, and the culturally inscribed boundaries of the "historic." But in the late 1970s the appropriation of Jewish spaces started to shift as church groups, residents, political dissidents, Jewish leaders, and tourists became interested in recovering the few traces still left standing. Since 1989, this attraction to Jewish sites and more broadly almost anything perceived to be "Jewish" has increased at an almost dizzying rate as Germans, Poles, Americans, Israelis, and others have searched for the vestiges of the "Jewish past." This surge of interest has not only produced numerous preservation projects, but it has also led to contradictory appropriations of the Jewish past. Jewish sites have come to reflect what I call "redemptive cosmopolitanism," an mnemonic impulse that harnesses the Holocaust for the celebration of democracy's cathartic, redemptive arrival in a post-communist and post-fascist world. This dissertation analyzes this shifting history to contest arguments about the role of the nation and the cold war in the formation of memory. Historians have long connected collective perceptions of the past with national identity and emphasized some remembrance of the Holocaust in the west compared to the sinister manipulation of it in the east. Although national and political differences certainly mattered, my work uncovers the rich interplay between the local and the transnational. It examines the multiple, conflicting, and shared ways that Poles, Germans, Jews, Americans, and Israelis have appropriated Jewish spaces in the local built environment.
Discovery of a red supergiant counterpart to RX~J004722.4-252051, a ULX in NGC 253
Creators: name: Heida, M.
name: Torres, M. A. P.
name: Jonker, P. G.
name: Servillat, M.
name: Repetto, S.
name: Roberts, T. P.
name: Walton, D. J.
name: Moon, D. -S.
name: Harrison, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two epochs of near-infrared spectroscopy of the candidate red supergiant counterpart to RX~J004722.4-252051, a ULX in NGC 253. We measure radial velocities of the object and its approximate spectral type by cross-correlating our spectra with those of known red supergiants. Our VLT/X-shooter spectrum is best matched by that of early M-type supergiants, confirming the red supergiant nature of the candidate counterpart. The radial velocity of the spectrum, taken on 2014, August 23, is $417 \pm 4$ km/s. This is consistent with the radial velocity measured in our spectrum taken with Magellan/MMIRS on 2013, June 28, of $410 \pm 70$ km/s, although the large error on the latter implies that a radial velocity shift expected for a black hole of tens of $M_\odot$ can easily be hidden. Using nebular emission lines we find that the radial velocity due to the rotation of NGC 253 is 351 $\pm$ 4 km/s at the position of the ULX. Thus the radial velocity of the counterpart confirms that the source is located in NGC 253, but also shows an offset with respect to the local bulk motion of the galaxy of 66 $\pm$ 6 km/s. We argue that the most likely origin for this displacement lies either in a SN kick, requiring a system containing a $\gtrsim 50$ $M_\odot$ black hole, and/or in orbital radial velocity variations in the ULX binary system, requiring a $\gtrsim 100$ $M_\odot$ black hole. We therefore conclude that RX~J004722.4-252051 is a strong candidate for a ULX containing a massive stellar black hole.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
An Asynchronous Implementation of the Limited Memory CMA-ES
Creators: name: Arkhipov, Viktor
name: Buzdalov, Maxim
name: Shalyto, Anatoly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.1.6; I.2.8
subject: 90C56

description: We present our asynchronous implementation of the LM-CMA-ES algorithm, which is a modern evolution strategy for solving complex large-scale continuous optimization problems. Our implementation brings the best results when the number of cores is relatively high and the computational complexity of the fitness function is also high. The experiments with benchmark functions show that it is able to overcome its origin on the Sphere function, reaches certain thresholds faster on the Rosenbrock and Ellipsoid function, and surprisingly performs much better than the original version on the Rastrigin function.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables; this is a full version of a paper which has been accepted as a poster to IEEE ICMLA conference 2015
"Russia's Greatest Love Machine": Disco, Exoticism, Subversion
Creators: name: Wright, Jeffrey Marsh, II
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: In 1978, the European disco group Boney M made history when they performed a series of ten concerts in Moscow as the guests of the Soviet government, the first Western popular music group to receive such an invitation. Yet despite breaking through the Iron Curtain, Boney M could not avoid the censorship of the Communist government. One of their biggest hits in Russia at that time, “Rasputin,” —a humorous portrait of the infamous monk who was an aide to the Tsar in the early twentieth century— circulated throughout Russia in bootleg copies. Because Boney M utilized musical signifiers of “Russianness” along with tongue-in-cheek lyrics about a Russian historical figure, the Soviet government deemed the song unacceptable for performance or release. Close musical analysis coupled with a critical examination of the Russian reception of “Rasputin” reveals a confluence of musical signification, exoticism, and the relationship of music and politics.
Constraining the CMB Optical Depth Through the Dispersion Measure of Cosmological Radio Transients
Creators: name: Fialkov, Anastasia
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dispersion measure of extragalactic radio transients, such as of recently discovered Fast Radio Burst FRB150418, can be used to measure the column density of free electrons in the intergalactic medium. The same electrons also scatter the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) photons, affecting precision measurements of cosmological parameters. We explore the connection between the dispersion measure of radio transients existing during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) and the total optical depth for the CMB, $τ_{CMB}$, showing that the existence of such transients would provide a new sensitive probe of $τ_{CMB}$. As an example, we consider the population of FRBs. Assuming they exist during the EoR, we show that: (i) such sources can probe the reionization history by measuring $τ_{CMB}$ to sub-percent accuracy, and (ii) they can be detected with high significance by an instrument such as the Square Kilometer Array.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Ng’ambo Tuitakayo : reconnecting the Swahili City
Creators: name: Folkers, Antoni Scholtens
name: Muhammad, Muhammad Juma
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: The City Of Zanzibar is well known for the historical Stone Town which is a World Heritage Site since 2000. What is less known about the City is the fact that it consists of two parts, Stone Town and Ng’ambo, of which Ng’ambo is the one that has received far less attention. The two parts of the city have been developing alongside since the mid-19th century, becoming together the biggest Swahili City in the world by the beginning of the 20th century. Despite the social and economic differences existing in the two parts of the city they retained, an intimate connection translated into the economic, social and cultural sphere. It is only with the advent of the British dominance, that the two parts started to be perceived as separate entities. Through colonial policies and planning interventions they became segregated and Ng’ambo received a lasting stamp of being a slum in need of upgrading. From the time of the British Protectorate, through the revolution and post-independence modernization projects, Ng’ambo has been a subject to various, not always successful planning initiatives. Despite the turmoil and major upheavals it witnessed Ng’ambo has managed to retain its distinctly Swahili character which has been sustained by the resilience of its inhabitants. This pejorative image of Ng’ambo has lingered over the area for a long time and it is only recently that Ng’ambo has received renewed attention by being designated as the new city centre of the Zanzibar City. The Ng’ambo Tuitakayo (Ng’ambo We Want) project was started in the wake of this renewed attention directed towards Ng’ambo with the aim of developing an inclusive redevelopment plan for the area guided by the principles of UNESCO Historic Urban Landscape recommendation. One of the underlying aims of the project was to revive the historic connection between the two parts of the city. Through this paper it will be argued that the perceived distinction between Stone Town and Ng’ambo is not inherent to the place, but was created through foreign impositions. Through an in-depth study of the morphological development of the area and discussion of the layered urban history of Zanzibar City, the (dis)continuities between the two parts of town will be unravelled. The paper will also unfold the methods explored in the Ng’ambo Tuitakayo project from the beginning until the completion of the final draft of the redevelopment plan and policies.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Ideas on the Move and Modernisation
Changing realities: Traumatic urbanism as a mode of resilience in intra-war Beirut
Creators: name: Hanna, John
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: In 1975, and in an ambiance of increasing tension, the streets of Beirut served as a stage for a series of violent events and in a matter of days, the sounds of mortar shells and machine guns provided an applied interpretation of the conflicting interests of the different Lebanese and global political players. With few intermissions and a fluctuating intensity, the urban warfare continued for the following 15 years, and resulted in massive destructions and significant movement of citizen’s displacement. Following its instinct to survive and as a reaction to the on-going conflict, Beirut induced new forms of urbanism to maneuver through the imposed reality. The city became divided into two sides, and the once cosmopolitan vibrant city center, developed into an uninhabited green buffer between the rivals. Checkpoints were introduced to re-mark the acquired territories and the citizens’ relation to their public space was redefined by the fields of snipers’ fire. This metamorphosis of the city, together with the irregular and inconclusive nature of the conflict increased Beirut’s immunity to a fatal end. During the 15 years course of the conflict hopes were revived with every ceasefire and few reconstruction plans were developed. This presentation looks into the spatial production in Beirut under the traumatic conditions of the Lebanese civil war. It argues that the continuous process of spatial production which is displayed in the rearrangement of spaces and everyday urban practices is in itself a demonstration of resilience.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 17 No. 3 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Change and Responsive Planning
Origin and kinematics of the eruptive flow from XZ Tau revealed by ALMA
Creators: name: Zapata, Luis A.
name: Galvan-Madrid, Roberto
name: Carrasco-Gonzalez, Carlos
name: Curiel, Salvador
name: Palau, Aina
name: Rodriguez, Luis F.
name: Kurtz, Stan E.
name: Tafoya, Daniel
name: Loinard, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high angular resolution ($\sim$0.94$"$) $^{12}$CO(1-0) Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations obtained during the 2014 long baseline campaign from the eruptive bipolar flow from the multiple XZ Tau stellar system discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). These observations reveal, for the first time, the kinematics of the molecular flow. The kinematics of the different ejections close to XZ Tau reveal a rotating and expanding structure with a southeast-northwest velocity gradient. The youngest eruptive bubbles unveiled in the optical HST images are inside of this molecular expanding structure. Additionally, we report a very compact and collimated bipolar outflow emanating from XZ Tau A, which indicates that the eruptive outflow is indeed originating from this object. The mass (3 $\times$ 10$^{-7}$ $M_\odot$) and energetics (E$_{kin}$ $=$ 3 $\times$ 10$^{37}$ ergs) for the collimated outflow are comparable with those found in molecular outflows associated with young brown dwarfs.
description: Accepted to ApJ Letters
Towards Critical Resilience: Learning from the History of Post-Trauma Urbanism
Creators: name: Vale, Lawrence
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: As we begin a conference entitled “History Urbanism Resilience,” I see my role as articulating some of the ways that the concept of “resilience” contributes to the history of urbanism—and to explore how the history of urbanism helps complexify our understanding of resilience. Resilience as a term has become both increasingly ubiquitous and increasingly contested. My remarks today will both explain this and, ultimately, defend the value of the concept--as long as we approach it critically. A first observation: putting the word “Resilience” in the title of the IPHS conference seems to have worked. The word appears in the names of 12 different conference sessions, and 35 separate papers use the word in their titles. So, either “resilience” is an inspiring frame for our thinking, or many of us are just extremely dutiful--or strategically adept--at providing conference organizers with what we think they want to hear. I suspect that there is some of each at work here. More importantly, this combination of utility and malleability accounts for much of the burgeoning appeal that the term “resilience” seems to have. Are we all talking about the same thing? Probably not, though there is certainly some reasonable degree of commonality. A quick perusal of the titles in the IPHS conference program suggests that we are, collectively, applying the idea of resilience to architecture, communities, and metropolitan form, and that it is applied in many contexts of social, environmental and political change, frequently including sudden disruptions caused by disasters or warfare. In the spring of 2002, following on the 9/11 attacks in the United States, a colleague and I ran a semester-long colloquium that we called “The Resilient City: Trauma, Recovery, and Remembrance.” We wanted to look back at a variety of traumatic urban events from around the world to see how governments and their citizens had responded. How did recovery from traumatic events get conceptualized and how did these events get memorialized? Did it matter whether the cause was earthquakes or floods or wars or terrorist attacks? In other words, what could we learn from the history of post-traumatic urbanism that might help us conceptualize what might happen post- 9/11? My colleague Tom Campanella and I commissioned a series of papers exploring how cities (and their citizens) had historically recovered from sudden traumatic events—not just from terrorism, but from other abrupt events such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and wars. We quickly learned that, while it was possible to chart something called “disaster recovery,” that concept was hardly straightforward. In the past 200 years, virtually every large city in the world that experienced a disaster or war seems to have been rebuilt, no matter how extreme the level of destruction or loss of life.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: The Urban Fabric
Modeling magnetosensitive ion channels in viscoelastic environment of living cells
Creators: name: Goychuk, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We propose and study a model of hypothetical magnetosensitive ionic channels which are long thought to be a possible candidate to explain the influence of weak magnetic fields on living organisms ranging from magnetotactic bacteria to fishes, birds, rats, bats and other mammals including humans. The core of the model is provided by a short chain of magnetosomes serving as a sensor which is coupled by elastic linkers to the gating elements of ion channels forming a small cluster in the cell membrane. The magnetic sensor is fixed by one end on cytoskeleton elements attached to the membrane and is exposed to viscoelastic cytosol. Its free end can reorient stochastically and subdiffusively in viscoelastic cytosol responding to external magnetic field changes and open the gates of coupled ion channels. The sensor dynamics is generally bistable due to bistability of the gates which can be in two states with probabilities which depend on the sensor orientation. For realistic parameters, it is shown that this model channel can operate in the magnetic field of Earth for a small number (5 to 7) of single-domain magnetosomes constituting the sensor rod each of which has a typical size found in magnetotactic bacteria and other organisms, or even just one sufficiently large nanoparticle of a characteristic size also found in nature. It is shown that due to viscoelasticity of medium the bistable gating dynamics generally exhibits power law and stretched exponential distributions of the residence times of the channels in their open and closed states. This provides a generic physical mechanism for explanation of the origin of such anomalous kinetics for other ionic channels whose sensors move in viscoelastic environment provided by either cytosol or biological membrane, in a quite general context, beyond the fascinating hypothesis of magnetosensitive ionic channels we explore.
The Modern Planning History of East Asia: a brief guide from the Japanese perspectives
Creators: name: Watanabe, Shun-Ichi
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Three years from now in 2019, we will celebrate the 100th year of Japan’s City Planning Act (“Old Act,” 1919). The Old Act was the Japanese positive response to western modern planning, which was developed in western Europe and north America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and was gradually spreading all over the world. Japan was the first nation in East Asia which systematically responded to this spreading process (Watanabe 1993) and, after establishing the Old Act system in the Japanese homeland, spread it in turn to the neighboring countries and regions in the process of imperial expansion. This “dual spread” is a very interesting topic particularly to comparative planning researchers. In this presentation, we plan to draw a rough sketch of the spreading process of western modern planning in East Asia from the viewpoint of Japan, as it was a crucially important spreading channel from the west. There were, however, another such channels to East Asia, especially to China. As planning history studies are now growing in China, we have to keep our eyes open to them if we are going to have a comprehensive planning history of East Asia. With this limitation in mind, we present some crucial research points and highlights in order to raise interests in East Asian planning history, particularly for external researchers. Therefore, we have tried to develop many stimulating research questions, hoping to see the IPHS become a forum of international exchanges in a really productive manner.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Ideas on the Move and Modernisation
Kinetic, potential and surface tension energies of solitary waves in deep water
Creators: name: Hur, Vera Mikyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an exact relation among the kinetic, potential and surface tension energies of a solitary wave in deep water in all dimensions. We deduce its non-existence in the absence of the effects of surface tension, provided that gravity acts in a direction opposite to what is physically realistic.
title: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol 17 No 5 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Historical Perspectives
title: HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Historical Perspectives
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: Proceedings of the 17th International Planning History Society Conference
Delft, Netherlands, EU
July 17-21, 2016
Conference theme is History, Urbanism, Resilience.
Conference convener: Carola Hein.

The 2016 proceeding consists of 7 volumes and 1 Book of Abstracts. The 7 volumes follow the organisation of the conference in 7 themes, each one consisting of 2 tracks and each track consisting of 8 panels of 4-5 presentations. The presentations are divided in abstracts and peer-reviewed full papers, traceable with a DOI number online.
description: Atlas of the Dutch urban landscape...13-26
 Town planning in the Netherlands since 1800...27-32
 Contesting conservation-planning: insights from Ireland
 The conservation of Modernist urban ensembles : Case studies from Amsterdam.
 MEREC - Guarda: An Energy and Resource Efficiency Process undermined by the early stages of a democratic setting.
 Unlocking the Past to Re-enact Rotterdam’s future: A professional’s view on planning history.
 History against planning: The role of Manfredo Tafuri in the contemporary architectural thought
 Canberra’s planning culture in the 21st century
 A Historical Institutionalist Framework for European Spatial Planning
 The founding and development of Louvain-la-Neuve, the only new town of Belgium
 The Vila Militar of Rio de Janeiro: the Genealogy of a Modern Design
 Dispersion as a long-term persistence in the southern highlands of Ecuador
 Temporal urban studies framework; How much is done in Iran already ?
 Right to the City – Case of Tibetan Refugees
Right to the City – Case of Tibetan Refugees
Creators: name: Muku, Niyanta
name: Chatterjee, Debayan
name: Frazier, Suzanne
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: The Tibetans have a long history in post-independence Delhi. The first group in flight from Tibet entered Indian Territory in 1959, when then Prime Minister Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru agreed to provide refuge to the Tibetans in exile. The Tibetan community that has been growing within the city of New Delhi since it was allotted a piece of land, today known by the name of Majnu-ka-tila, is on the verge of becoming a ghetto (The Tibetans formed a voluntary territorialized ghetto, but after the Indo-Sino relations strained giving them refugee status and further discriminatory planning measures, they formed a more intensive ghetto in order to form insulation against the authorities). This situation in its entirety brings us to the threshold of examining their Right to the City (Lefebvre H., 1968). This study documents the development of and examines the current conditions of this case of the Tibetan ethnic minority in New Delhi and their urban segregation within the city fabric: specifically, the formation of micro-states, minority neighborhoods, fortified enclaves, and also illegal settlements. Despite having lived in Delhi for more than 50 years, they still live and function autonomously and are therefore seen as a disenfranchised group in the city. This contemporary case study examines the situation via the lens of Wirth (1998) et al in order add an Asian context to ghettoization to the history of global metropolises particularly in light of today’s forced migrations across the globe.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 17 No. 5 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Historical Perspectives