cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bonnor stars in d spacetime dimensions
Creators: name: Lemos, José P. S.
name: Zanchin, Vilson T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bonnor stars are regular static compact configurations in equilibrium, composed of an extremal dust fluid, a charged dust fluid where the mass density is equal to the charge density, joined to an exterior vacuum solution, within Newtonian gravity and general relativity. In four dimensions, they obey the corresponding Majumdar-Papapetrou system, where the gravitational potential is a simple function of the electric potential field and the fluid, when there is one, is made of extremal dust. The Majumdar-Papapetrou system can be generalized to d spacetime dimensions. Thus, it is natural to study Bonnor solutions in higher d dimensions. We analyze Newton-Coulomb theory with an electrically charged fluid in a Majumdar-Papapetrou context, in d=n+1 spacetime dimensions, n the number of spatial dimensions. Within the Newtonian theory, in vacuum, the Majumdar-Papapetrou relation for the gravitational potential in terms of the electric potential, and its related Weyl relation, are equivalent, in contrast with general relativity. We study a class of spherically symmetric Bonnor stars. Under sufficient compactification they form point mass charged Newtonian singularities. We study the analogue systems in the Einstein-Maxwell theory with an electrically charged fluid. We restate some properties of this system and obtain spherically symmetric Bonnor star solutions in d=n+1 spacetime dimensions. These stars, under compactification, form quasi-black holes. Whereas there are no solutions for Newtonian or relativistic stars supported by degenerate pressure in higher dimensions, higher dimensional Bonnor stars, supported by electric repulsion, do indeed have solutions within Newtonian gravity and general relativity. So the existence of stars depends on the number of dimensions and on the underlying field content.
description: 48 pages, 5 figues, references added, minor changes
Ψηφιοποίηση και δημοσιοποίηση μέσω διαδικτυακού ιστοχώρου, δειγμάτων herbarium: η ομάδα των αρωματικών φυτών «τσάι του βουνού», είδη του γένους Sideritis L
Creators: name: Κωνσταντίνου, Χρίστος Ανδρέα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Φυτικά αποξηραμένα δείγματα
Ψηφιοποίηση
Herbarium
Dried plant specimens
Digitization

description: Ψηφιοποιήθηκαν φυτικά αποξηραμένα δείγματα του Herbarium TAU και δημιουργήθηκε ιστοχώρος, μέσω του οποίου δημοσιοποιήθηκαν τα δείγματα. Χρησιμοποιήθηκαν δείγματα του γένους Sideritis L. Section Empedoclia (Rafin.) Bentham, της οικογένειας Labiatae (Lamiaceae). Η επεξεργασία των φωτογραφιών έγινε με το λογισμικό Adobe Photoshop CS3, ενώ για την κατασκευή του ιστοχώρου, χρησιμοποιήθηκε το λογισμικό Joomla_1.5.23-Stable-Full_Package, το οποίο είναι σύστημα διαχείρισης περιεχομένου. Εγκαταστάθηκαν επεκτάσεις όπως components, modules, και plug-ins. Ο ιστοχώρος είναι διαθέσιμος στις διευθύνσεις: http://ckonsta.webpages.auth.gr και http://bnp-stud.bio.auth.gr.
description: Βecame digitization of dried plant specimens of Herbarium TAU and webpage develop for publishing. Species of genus Sideritis L. Section Empedoclia (Rafin.) Bentham of family Labiatae (Lamiaceae) were used. The photographs processed with software Adobe Photoshop CS3. For the developing of webpage had been used software Joomla_1.5.23-Stable-Full_Package, which is Content Management System. Extensions such as components, modules, and plug-ins were installed. The webpage is available in http://ckonsta.webpages.auth.gr and http://bnp-stud.bio.auth.gr.
On unveiling Buried Nuclei with JWST: a technique for hunting the most obscured galaxy nuclei from local to high redshift
Creators: name: García-Bernete, I.
name: Donnan, F. R.
name: Rigopoulou, D.
name: Pereira-Santaella, M.
name: González-Alfonso, E.
name: Thatte, N.
name: Aalto, S.
name: König, S.
name: Maksymowicz-Maciata, M.
name: Smith, M. W. R.
name: Huang, J. -S.
name: Magdis, G. E.
name: Roche, P. F.
name: Devriendt, J.
name: Slyz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze JWST NIRSpec+MIRI/MRS observations of the infrared (IR) Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) features in the central regions ($\sim$0.26'' at 6 micron; $\sim$50-440 pc depending on the source) of local luminous IR galaxies. In this work, we examine the effect of nuclear obscuration on the PAH features of deeply obscured nuclei, predominantly found in local luminous IR galaxies, and we compare these nuclei with ``normal'' star-forming regions. We extend previous work to include shorter wavelength PAH ratios now available with the NIRSpec+MIRI/MRS spectral range. We introduce a new diagnostic diagram for selecting deeply obscured nuclei based on the 3.3 and 6.2 micron PAH features and/or mid-IR continuum ratios at $\sim$3 and 5 micron. We find that the PAH equivalent width (EW) ratio of the brightest PAH features at shorter wavelengths (at 3.3 and 6.2 micron) is impacted by nuclear obscuration. Although the sample of luminous IR galaxies used in this analysis is relatively small, we find that sources exhibiting a high silicate absorption feature cluster tightly in a specific region of the diagram, whereas star-forming regions experiencing lower extinction levels occupy a different area in the diagram. This demonstrates the potential of this technique to identify buried nuclei. To leverage the excellent sensitivity of the MIRI imager onboard JWST, we extend our method of identifying deeply obscured nuclei at higher redshifts using a selection of MIRI filters. Specifically, the combination of various MIRI JWST filters enables the identification of buried sources beyond the local Universe and up to z$\sim$3, where other commonly used obscuration tracers such as the 9.7 micron silicate band, are out of the spectral range of MRS. Our results pave the way for identifying distant deeply obscured nuclei with JWST.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 8 pages, 6 figures
Local Number Fluctuations in Hyperuniform and Nonhyperuniform Systems: Higher-Order Moments and Distribution Functions
Creators: name: Torquato, Salvatore
name: Kim, Jaeuk
name: Klatt, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local number variance associated with a spherical sampling window of radius $R$ enables a classification of many-particle systems in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space according to the degree to which large-scale density fluctuations are suppressed, resulting in a demarcation between hyperuniform and nonhyperuniform phyla. To better characterize density fluctuations, we carry out an extensive study of higher-order moments, including the skewness $γ_1(R)$, excess kurtosis $γ_2(R)$ and the corresponding probability distribution function $P[N(R)]$ of a large family of models across the first three space dimensions, including both hyperuniform and nonhyperuniform models. Specifically, we derive explicit integral expressions for $γ_1(R)$ and $γ_2(R)$ involving up to three- and four-body correlation functions, respectively. We also derive rigorous bounds on $γ_1(R)$, $γ_2(R)$ and $P[N(R)]$. High-quality simulation data for these quantities are generated for each model. We also ascertain the proximity of $P[N(R)]$ to the normal distribution via a novel Gaussian distance metric $l_2(R)$. Among all models, the convergence to a central limit theorem (CLT) is generally fastest for the disordered hyperuniform processes. The convergence to a CLT is slower for standard nonhyperuniform models, and slowest for the antihyperuniform model studied here. We prove that one-dimensional hyperuniform systems of class I or any $d$-dimensional lattice cannot obey a CLT. Remarkably, we discovered that the gamma distribution provides a good approximation to $P[N(R)]$ for all models that obey a CLT, enabling us to estimate the large-$R$ scalings of $γ_1(R)$, $γ_2(R)$ and $l_2(R)$. For any $d$-dimensional model that "decorrelates" or "correlates" with $d$, we elucidate why $P[N(R)]$ increasingly moves toward or away from Gaussian-like behavior, respectively.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
The effects of optically induced non-Abelian gauge field in cold atoms
Creators: name: Lu, Li-Hua
name: Li, You-Quan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that $N-1$ degenerate dark states can be generated by coupling $N$-fold degenerate ground states and a common excited state with $N$ laser fields. Interferences between light waves with different frequencies can produce laser fields with time-dependent amplitudes, which can induce not only U(N) non-Abelian vector fields but also the scalar ones for the adiabatic motion of atoms in such laser fields. As an example, a time-periodic gauge potential is produced by applying specific laser fields to a tripod system. Some features of the Landau levels and the ground-state phase diagram of a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate for a concrete gauge field are also discussed.
description: Revtex 6 pages, 2 figures, version to be published in PRA
Lazy-MDPs: Towards Interpretable Reinforcement Learning by Learning When to Act
Creators: name: Jacq, Alexis
name: Ferret, Johan
name: Pietquin, Olivier
name: Geist, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traditionally, Reinforcement Learning (RL) aims at deciding how to act optimally for an artificial agent. We argue that deciding when to act is equally important. As humans, we drift from default, instinctive or memorized behaviors to focused, thought-out behaviors when required by the situation. To enhance RL agents with this aptitude, we propose to augment the standard Markov Decision Process and make a new mode of action available: being lazy, which defers decision-making to a default policy. In addition, we penalize non-lazy actions in order to encourage minimal effort and have agents focus on critical decisions only. We name the resulting formalism lazy-MDPs. We study the theoretical properties of lazy-MDPs, expressing value functions and characterizing optimal solutions. Then we empirically demonstrate that policies learned in lazy-MDPs generally come with a form of interpretability: by construction, they show us the states where the agent takes control over the default policy. We deem those states and corresponding actions important since they explain the difference in performance between the default and the new, lazy policy. With suboptimal policies as default (pretrained or random), we observe that agents are able to get competitive performance in Atari games while only taking control in a limited subset of states.
description: AAMAS 2022 (14 pages extended version, added Sec. 7.4 and appendix K)
Supplemental Tables for Journal of Dairy Science 2024-25092
Creators: name: Lock, Adam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Processing method of soybeans has the potential to influence dairy cow production performance, therefore we determined the effect feeding raw or roasted, ground high oleic acid soybeans (HOSB) on production responses of high-producing dairy cows. Thirty-six multiparous Holstein cows (45.6 ± 6.22 kg/d of milk; 110 ± 61 DIM) were randomly assigned to treatment sequences in a 4 × 2 Truncated Latin square design with 35-d periods. Treatments were: 1) control diet containing soybean meal and soybean hulls (CON), 2) 16% roasted and ground HOSB (RST), 3) 16% raw and ground HOSB (RAW-D), and 4) 16% raw and ground HOSB + additional rumen by-pass protein (RAW-U). High oleic acid soybeans replaced conventional soybean meal and hulls in the control diet and rumen by-pass protein replaced soybean meal in RAW-U to maintain diet nutrient composition (%DM) of ~28.0% NDF, 21.3% forage NDF, 27.3% starch, and 17.8% CP. Fatty acid content of CON, RST, RAW-D, and RAW-U was 1.60, 4.30, 4.36, and 4.34 %DM, respectively. Pre-planned contrasts included the overall effect of HOSB inclusion {CON vs. HOSOY [1/3 (RST + RAW-D + RAW-U)]}, the effect of soybean processing {RST vs. RAW [1/2 (RAW-D + RAW-U)]}, and the effect of increasing RUP content within the raw HOSB treatments (RAW-D vs RAW-U). For most variables tested, there were significant interactions between treatment and week, as HOSOY increased production variables compared with CON and RST increased production responses compared with RAW, with only the magnitude of difference varying between weeks. Overall, HOSOY increased DMI and yields of milk, 3.5% FCM, ECM, and milk fat, but did not affect milk protein yield. RST did not impact DMI but increased yields of milk, 3.5% FCM, ECM, milk fat, and milk protein. Compared with RAW-D, RAW-U increased yields of milk and milk protein and tended to increase ECM. Overall, HOSB inclusion of 16% DM increased production responses in high-producing dairy cows, but roasted HOSB had a greater impact than raw HOSB, and the addition of rumen-bypass protein positively affected milk protein response.
Extending the Hint Factory for the assistance dilemma: A novel, data-driven HelpNeed Predictor for proactive problem-solving help
Creators: name: Maniktala, Mehak
name: Cody, Christa
name: Isvik, Amy
name: Lytle, Nicholas
name: Chi, Min
name: Barnes, Tiffany
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Determining when and whether to provide personalized support is a well-known challenge called the assistance dilemma. A core problem in solving the assistance dilemma is the need to discover when students are unproductive so that the tutor can intervene. Such a task is particularly challenging for open-ended domains, even those that are well-structured with defined principles and goals. In this paper, we present a set of data-driven methods to classify, predict, and prevent unproductive problem-solving steps in the well-structured open-ended domain of logic. This approach leverages and extends the Hint Factory, a set of methods that leverages prior student solution attempts to build data-driven intelligent tutors. We present a HelpNeed classification, that uses prior student data to determine when students are likely to be unproductive and need help learning optimal problem-solving strategies. We present a controlled study to determine the impact of an Adaptive pedagogical policy that provides proactive hints at the start of each step based on the outcomes of our HelpNeed predictor: productive vs. unproductive. Our results show that the students in the Adaptive condition exhibited better training behaviors, with lower help avoidance, and higher help appropriateness (a higher chance of receiving help when it was likely to be needed), as measured using the HelpNeed classifier, when compared to the Control. Furthermore, the results show that the students who received Adaptive hints based on HelpNeed predictions during training significantly outperform their Control peers on the posttest, with the former producing shorter, more optimal solutions in less time. We conclude with suggestions on how these HelpNeed methods could be applied in other well-structured open-ended domains.
Το πρόβλημα της δημοκρατίας και το ερώτημα του ολοκληρωτισμού στην πολιτική σκέψη του Jean-Jacques Rousseau:
Creators: name: Ζάκα, Ελένη Χαράλαμπου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Δημοκρατία
Λαϊκή κυριαρχία
Ολοκληρωτισμός
Democracy
Popular sovereignty
Totalitarianism

description: Ο σκοπός της έρευνας είναι να επικεντρωθεί στην έννοια της δημοκρατίας, στο πλαίσιο της πολιτικής σκέψης του Ρουσσώ, καθώς και στις κατηγορίες που προσάπτουν ορισμένοι φιλελεύθεροι πολιτικοί στοχαστές στον Ρουσσώ ότι τείνει προς τον «ολοκληρωτισμό». Γι' αυτόν το λόγο πραγματοποιείται μια ευρύτερη συζήτηση γύρω από τα επιχειρήματα που θα μπορούσαν να οδηγήσουν σε ένα τέτοιο συμπέρασμα. Εξετάζεται κυρίως η δημοκρατική θεωρία και το ζήτημα της 'γενικής βούλησης' στο έργο του Ρουσσώ. Στη συνέχεια, αναλύονται έννοιες όπως εκείνη της ‘νομιμότητας’, η οποία θέτει την κυβέρνηση ως εκφραστή της γενικής βούλησης. Η έρευνα προχωρά στο ζήτημα της ‘λαϊκής κυριαρχίας’, που και αυτό με τη σειρά του ενδέχεται να οδηγεί τον Ρουσσώ σε ολοκληρωτικές πολιτικές προσεγγίσεις. Επίσης, αναπτύσσεται η ρουσσωική αντίληψη ως προς το ιδεώδες κράτος, δηλαδή η επιθυμία για ένα κράτος νομικώς παντοδύναμο και ηθικώς πανάγαθο. Τέλος, θα δειχθεί πώς η προτίμηση του Ρουσσώ για το πολίτευμα της Σπάρτης, σε σχέση προς εκείνο της Αθήνας, σύμφωνα με την οποία ο πολίτης πρέπει να διαθέτει χαρακτηριστικά λιτότητας και πειθαρχίας, αποτελεί ένα επιπλέον στοιχείο που παρακινεί ορισμένους στοχαστές να τον κατατάσσουν στους προδρόμους του «ολοκληρωτισμού». Από τη σκοπιά αυτή, συζητείται η κριτική φιλελεύθερων στοχαστών όπως ο Karl Popper και ο Isaiah Berlin.
description: The main goal of this study is to focus on the meaning of Democracy, in relation to Rousseau’s political thought, and on the accusations of those liberal thinkers who blame Rousseau for opening the doors to “totalitarianism”. So on these grounds, a general conversation is attempted about the arguments which could lead to such a conclusion. At first, I examine the democratic theory and the issue of “free will”. Then, I analyze concepts such as “legitimacy” which demonstrates that the government is presented as something that expresses the general will. What follows is the concept of “popular sovereignty”, which is probably evidence of the totalitarian elements in Rousseau’s political thought. Moreover, I describe the Rousseau’s ideal form of state, i.e. a legally strong and morally pure state. Finally, I argue that Rousseau’s preference not for the Athenian but for the Spartan system of government, according to which the citizen should live a lifestyle of simplicity and discipline, is another reason why some liberal thinkers see Rousseau as a prophet of modern “totalitarianism”. From this point of view, I also discuss the views of those liberal thinkers, such as Karl Popper and Isaiah Berlin.
One Brownian Stochastic Flow
Creators: name: Dorogovtsev, Andrey A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H15, 60H10

description: The weak limits of the measure-valued processes organized as a mass carried by the interacting Brownian particles are described. As a limiting flow the Arrattia flow is obtained.
description: 6 pages
On some extensions of p-restricted completely splittable GL(n)-modules
Creators: name: Shchigolev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G05

description: In this paper, we calculate the space $Ext^1_{GL(n)}(L_n(λ),L_n(μ))$, where GL(n) is the general linear group of degree $n$ over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic, $L_n(λ)$ and $L_n(μ)$ are rational irreducible GL(n)-modules with highest weights $λ$ and $μ$ respectively, the restriction of $L_n(λ)$ to any Levi subgroup of GL(n) is semisimple, $λ$ is a $p$-restricted weight and $μ$ does not strictly dominate $λ$.
description: Proceedings of the international algebraic conference in Moscow, 2004
Observing solar-like oscillations
Creators: name: Bedding, Timothy R.
name: Kjeldsen, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The past few years have seen great progress in observing oscillations in solar-type stars, lying on or just above the main sequence. We review the most recent results, most of which were obtained using high-precision velocity measurements. We also briefly discuss observations of more evolved stars, namely G, K and M giants and supergiants.
description: Proc. of a conference on "Unsolved Problems in Stellar Physics", A Conference in Honour of Douglas Gough. AIP Conference Proceedings, Volume 948, pp. 117-124 (2007)
Η συνταγματική προστασία της παιδικής ηλικίας:
Creators: name: Σαχσαμάνογλου, Ευδοξία Κωνσταντίνου-Μιχαήλ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: παιδική ηλικία
Σύνταγμα
προστασία
childhood
Constitution
protection

description: Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι η μελέτη της συνταγματικής διάστασης του εννόμου αγαθού της παιδικής ηλικίας. Αρχικά εξετάζουμε την κατοχύρωση του εν λόγω εννόμου αγαθού σε επίπεδο εθνικού Συντάγματος. Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάζουμε την προστασία που παρέχεται στο παιδί σε διεθνές επίπεδο, κυρίως μέσω της Διεθνούς Σύμβασης για τα Δικαιώματα του Παιδιού εστιάζοντας στη σχέση της με το ελληνικό Σύνταγμα. Ασχολούμαστε επιπλέον με την προστασία της παιδικής ηλικίας σε ευρωπαϊκό επίπεδο, καταγράφοντας αναλυτικά και τη σχετική νομολογία του Ευρωπαϊκού Δικαστηρίου Δικαιωμάτων του Ανθρώπου. Ένα άλλο αντικείμενο μελέτης είναι ο τρόπος πραγμάτωσης της συνταγματικής προστασίας της παιδικής ηλικίας στο ισχύον ελληνικό δίκαιο. Διαπιστώνουμε έτσι τη δημιουργική συνάρθρωση της διεθνούς και ευρωπαϊκής έννομης τάξης με την εθνική με στόχο τη λυσιτελέστερη προστασία των δικαιωμάτων του παιδιού.
description: The purpose of this thesis is the study of the constitutional dimension of childhood. At first, we examine the guaranteeing of childhood by the Greek Constitution. We then proceed to study the protection offered to the child at an international level, mainly by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, while focusing on the Convention’s relationship to the Greek Constitution. Furthermore, we examine the protection of childhood in Europe and analyze the pertinent jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. An additional topic of study is the way in which the constitutional protection of childhood is realized in Greek law. We conclude by noting the constructive interaction among the international, European and Greek legal orders, aiming at the most effective protection of the rights of children.
Evidence for the Accretion of Gas in Star-Forming Galaxies: High N/O Abundances in Regions of Anomalously-Low Metallicity
Creators: name: Luo, Yuanze
name: Heckman, Timothy
name: Hwang, Hsiang-Chih
name: Rowlands, Kate
name: Sanchez-Menguiano, Laura
name: Riffel, Rogerio
name: Bizyaev, Dmitry
name: Andrews, Brett H.
name: Fernandez-Trincado, JoseG.
name: Drory, Niv
name: Almeida, Jorge Sanchez
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Lane, Richard R.
name: Argudo-Fernandez, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While all models for the evolution of galaxies require the accretion of gas to sustain their growth via on-going star formation, it has proven difficult to directly detect this inflowing material. In this paper we use data of nearby star-forming galaxies in the SDSS IV Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey to search for evidence of accretion imprinted in the chemical composition of the interstellar medium. We measure both the O/H and N/O abundance ratios in regions previously identified as having anomalously low values of O/H. We show that the unusual locations of these regions in the N/O vs. O/H plane indicate that they have been created through the mixing of disk gas having higher metallicity with accreted gas having lower metallicity. Taken together with previous analysis on these anomalously low-metallicity regions, these results imply that accretion of metal-poor gas can probably sustain star formation in present-day late-type galaxies.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
The stratigraphy and neotectonic significance of tsunami deposits beneath tidal marshes on Vancouver Island, British Columbia
Creators: name: Benson, Boyd E.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Two tsunami deposits in intertidal marshes on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, were studied to understand their stratigraphy, sedimentology and neotectonic significance. Tsunami sand sheets on Vancouver Island thin and fine landward, drape the marsh surface, contain marine microfossils, may be internally graded or stratified, and are similar in age and stratigraphic position to deposits of known earthquakes. These characteristics provide criteria for recognizing tsunami deposits in other areas. Historical accounts and 137rjs analysis indicate that the upper tsunami deposit is the product of the great Alaska earthquake in 1964. Radiocarbon ages of organic material associated with the lower deposit show that it was deposited after AD 1660. This deposit is attributed the most recent earthquake on the Cascadia subduction zone 300 yr ago. This study extends the known effects of Cascadia seismicity north of the Nootka fault zone, the northern boundary of the subducting Juan de Fuca plate. Two methods were used to decipher the neotectonic history at the northern end of the Cascadia subduction zone: (1) comparison of the two tsunami deposits; (2) alithofacies method, permitting comparison of land level change experienced by the older sand sheet on opposite sides of the Nootka fault zone since the earthquake about 300 yr ago. North of the Nootka fault zone, the older tsunami deposit becomes thinner and less continuous, whereas the 1964 tsunami deposit shows little change at the different sites. This contrast suggests that the 300-yr-old tsunami approached the study area from the south, and that the earthquake source that triggered it may have been south of the study area. A lithofacies method was developed to estimate coseismic and interseismic land level changes since that earthquake. This method involves comparison of the current elevation of the pre-earthquake surface with the elevation range of the lithofacies in which it was deposited. Between 0.2 and 1.6 m of coseismic subsidence and 1.1 m of post-seismic emergence occurred at a site south of the Nootka fault zone. Such coseismic subsidence and interseismic emergence is indicative of coseismic and interseismic deformation on a locked subduction zone. At two sites north of the Nootka fault zone there is no obvious stratigraphic evidence for coseismic land level change. Post-seismic submergence of 0.1 to 1.7 m is attributed mainly to eustatic sea level rise. The lack of coseismic subsidence and interseismic emergence at the northern sites suggests that subduction and earthquake rupture on the Cascadia subduction zone may not extend north of the Nootka fault zone.
Charge-dependent migration pathways for the Ga vacancy in GaAs
Creators: name: El-Mellouhi, Fedwa
name: Mousseau, Normand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using SIEST-ART, a combination of the local-basis \textit{ab-initio} program SIESTA and the activation-relaxation technique (ART nouveau) we study the diffusion mechanisms of the gallium vacancy in GaAs. Vacancies are found to diffuse to the second neighbor using two different mechanisms, as well as to the first and fourth neighbors following various mechanisms. We find that the height of the energy barrier is sensitive to the Fermi-level and generally increases with the charge state. Migration pathways themselves can be strongly charge-dependent and may appear or disappear as a function of the charge state. These differences in transition state and migration barrier are explained by the charge transfer that takes place during the vacancy migration.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Superluminality and UV Completion
Creators: name: Shore, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea that the existence of a consistent UV completion satisfying the fundamental axioms of local quantum field theory or string theory may impose positivity constraints on the couplings of the leading irrelevant operators in a low-energy effective field theory is critically discussed. Violation of these constraints implies superluminal propagation, in the sense that the low-frequency limit of the phase velocity $v_{\rm ph}(0)$ exceeds $c$. It is explained why causality is related not to $v_{\rm ph}(0)$ but to the high-frequency limit $v_{\rm ph}(\infty)$ and how these are related by the Kramers-Kronig dispersion relation, depending on the sign of the imaginary part of the refractive index $\Ima n(\w)$ which is normally assumed positive. Superluminal propagation and its relation to UV completion is investigated in detail in three theories: QED in a background electromagnetic field, where the full dispersion relation for $n(\w)$ is evaluated numerically for the first time and the role of the null energy condition $T_{\m\n}k^\m k^\n \ge 0$ is highlighted; QED in a background gravitational field, where examples of superluminal low-frequency phase velocities arise in violation of the positivity constraints; and light propagation in coupled laser-atom $Ł$-systems exhibiting Raman gain lines with $\Ima n(\w) < 0$. The possibility that a negative $\Ima n(\w)$ must occur in quantum field theories involving gravity to avoid causality violation, and the implications for the relation of IR effective field theories to their UV completion, are carefully analysed.
description: 42 pages, 14 figures
Learning joint segmentation of tissues and brain lesions from task-specific hetero-modal domain-shifted datasets
Creators: name: Dorent, Reuben
name: Booth, Thomas
name: Li, Wenqi
name: Sudre, Carole H.
name: Kafiabadi, Sina
name: Cardoso, Jorge
name: Ourselin, Sebastien
name: Vercauteren, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Brain tissue segmentation from multimodal MRI is a key building block of many neuroimaging analysis pipelines. Established tissue segmentation approaches have, however, not been developed to cope with large anatomical changes resulting from pathology, such as white matter lesions or tumours, and often fail in these cases. In the meantime, with the advent of deep neural networks (DNNs), segmentation of brain lesions has matured significantly. However, few existing approaches allow for the joint segmentation of normal tissue and brain lesions. Developing a DNN for such a joint task is currently hampered by the fact that annotated datasets typically address only one specific task and rely on task-specific imaging protocols including a task-specific set of imaging modalities. In this work, we propose a novel approach to build a joint tissue and lesion segmentation model from aggregated task-specific hetero-modal domain-shifted and partially-annotated datasets. Starting from a variational formulation of the joint problem, we show how the expected risk can be decomposed and optimised empirically. We exploit an upper bound of the risk to deal with heterogeneous imaging modalities across datasets. To deal with potential domain shift, we integrated and tested three conventional techniques based on data augmentation, adversarial learning and pseudo-healthy generation. For each individual task, our joint approach reaches comparable performance to task-specific and fully-supervised models. The proposed framework is assessed on two different types of brain lesions: White matter lesions and gliomas. In the latter case, lacking a joint ground-truth for quantitative assessment purposes, we propose and use a novel clinically-relevant qualitative assessment methodology.
description: MIDL 2019 special issue - Medical Image Analysis
Scale-free localization versus Anderson localization in unidirectional quasiperiodic lattices
Creators: name: Zhang, Yu
name: Su, Luhong
name: Chen, Shu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scale-free localization emerging in non-Hermitian physics has recently garnered significant attention. In this work, we explore the interplay between scale-free localization and Anderson localization by investigating a unidirectional quasiperiodic model with generalized boundary conditions. We derive analytical expressions of Lyapunov exponent from the bulk equations. Together with the boundary equation, we can determine properties of eigenstates and spectrum and establish their exact relationships with the quasiperiodic potential strength and boundary parameter. While eigenstates exhibit scale-free localization in the weak disorder regime, they become localized in the strong disorder regime. The scale-free and Anderson localized states satisfy the boundary equation in distinct ways, leading to different localization properties and scaling behaviors. Generalizing our framework, we design a model with exact energy edges separating the scale-free and Anderson localized states via the mosaic modulation of quasiperiodic potentials. Our models can be realized experimentally in electric circuits.
Διαχείριση πιστώσεων:
Creators: name: Πιστοφίδης, Νεοκλής Ηρακλή
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Διαχείριση πιστώσεων
Αριθμοδείκτες
Κεφάλαιο κίνησης
Credit management
Financial ratios
Operating capital

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία εξετάστηκαν τα ποσοτικά κριτήρια, με τα οποία μία επιχείρηση αξιολογεί την οικονομική κατάσταση των πελατών της και έχουν εξέχουσα σημασία στη λήψη των πιστοδοτικών της αποφάσεων. Τα ποσοτικά κριτήρια αποτελούνται κυρίως από αριθμοδείκτες που σχηματίζονται από σχετικά μεγέθη τα οποία αντλούνται από τις λογιστικές καταστάσεις της επιχείρησης, δηλαδή τον ισολογισμό, τα αποτελέσματα Χρήσης, τη διάθεση κερδών και τα ισοζύγια. Όσον αφορά τη μελέτη περίπτωσης των πελατών της Milkplan S.A. η εξέταση των λογιστικών καταστάσεων των πελατών της ήταν χρήσιμη για να «αποκρυπτογραφηθούν» περισσότερες πληροφορίες σχετικά με τις επιχειρήσεις αυτές. Η μετατροπή των αριθμητικών στοιχείων σε χρήσιμες πληροφορίες έγινε με τη χρησιμοποίηση των κατάλληλων χρηματοοικονομικών αριθμοδεικτών και την άντληση πρόσθετων πληροφοριών από τις προσωπικές συνεντεύξεις των αρμόδιων στελεχών, όπως ο Οικονομικός Διευθυντής της Milkplan S.A.. Συμπερασματικά, η συγκεκριμένη εταιρεία παρά το δύσκολο οικονομικό περιβάλλον στο οποίο δραστηριοποιείται παρουσιάζει ικανοποιητικά αποτελέσματα στη διαχείριση της χορήγησης πιστώσεων προς τους πελάτες της. Τέλος, παρότι η εξέταση μίας εταιρείας μέσω των λογιστικών της καταστάσεων δεν μπορεί να θεωρηθεί πλήρης, οι λογιστικές καταστάσεις αποτελούν ένα ιδιαίτερα σημαντικό εργαλείο για κάθε εταιρεία που χορηγεί πίστωση στους πελάτες της.
description: In the present study are examined the quantitative criteria, by which a company assesses the financial situation of customers, are examined and these criteria are of great importance in making credit decisions. The quantitative criteria are mainly formed from ratios of quantities that are drawn from the accounts of the firm, especially the balance sheet and income statement, the distribution of profits and the balances. Regarding the case study of Milkplan SA, the examination of accounts of its customers was useful to "decode" more information about these companies. The conversion of numerical data into useful information was done by using appropriate financial ratios and raise additional information from personal interviews with relevant managers, including Chief Financial Officer of Milkplan SA. In conclusion, this company despite the difficult economic environment in which runs, shows satisfactory results in the management of lending to customers. Finally, although the examination of a company through the accounting statements can not be considered complete, financial statements are an important tool for any company that extends credit to its customers.
TibSchol HTR tools
Creators: name: Hugon, Pascale
name: Griffiths, Rachael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In the framework of the project TibSchol – “The Dawn of Tibetan Buddhist Scholasticism (11th-13th c.)” (https://www.oeaw.ac.at/projects/tibschol)[1] – hosted at the Institute for the Cultural and Intellectual History of Asia of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, a baseline model for layout analysis (LA) and two handwritten text recognition (HTR) models, for dpe tshugs and ’bru tsha Tibetan cursive scripts respectively, have been trained on the platform Transkribus (https://readcoop.eu/transkribus/) to produce machine-readable e-texts from handwritten documents. In addition, Python scripts have been created to pre-process images in order to improve the HTR results. This document presents these tools and explains how the LA and HTR models, which have been made public on the Transkribus platform, can be used by anyone.

[1] The project TibSchol has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 101001002). These tools are being shared within the project team’s responsibility. TibSchol must not be held responsible for the accuracy of the output when using these tools or for future changes that would have an impact on their operation. The European Research Council or the European Commission must not be held responsible for their further use.
Automatic Input Rewriting Improves Translation with Large Language Models
Creators: name: Ki, Dayeon
name: Carpuat, Marine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Can we improve machine translation (MT) with LLMs by rewriting their inputs automatically? Users commonly rely on the intuition that well-written text is easier to translate when using off-the-shelf MT systems. LLMs can rewrite text in many ways but in the context of MT, these capabilities have been primarily exploited to rewrite outputs via post-editing. We present an empirical study of 21 input rewriting methods with 3 open-weight LLMs for translating from English into 6 target languages. We show that text simplification is the most effective MT-agnostic rewrite strategy and that it can be improved further when using quality estimation to assess translatability. Human evaluation further confirms that simplified rewrites and their MT outputs both largely preserve the original meaning of the source and MT. These results suggest LLM-assisted input rewriting as a promising direction for improving translations.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures
Implications of Gravitational Waves for Supersymmetric Grand Unification
Creators: name: Chigusa, So
name: Nakai, Yuichiro
name: Zheng, Jiaming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetric grand unification based on $SO(10)$ is one of the most attractive paradigms in physics beyond the Standard Model. Inspired by the recent NANOGrav signal, we discuss the implications of detecting a stochastic gravitational wave background emitted by a network of cosmic strings for the $SO(10)$ grand unification. Starting from a minimal model with multiple steps of symmetry breaking, we show that it generally prefers a high intermediate scale above $10^{14}\, \mathrm{GeV}$ that is favored by observable primordial gravitational waves. The observed spectrum can potentially narrow the possible range of the cosmic string scale and restricts the unified couplings and the unification scale by requiring gauge coupling unification. As an indirect consequence of the high cosmic string scale, the monopole abundance places non-trivial constraints on the theory. These are complementary to the proton decay constraints and probe different facets of supersymmetric $SO(10)$ unification theories.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables
Improved mass spectrometry compatibility is afforded by ammoniacal silver staining
Creators: name: Chevallet, Mireille
name: Diemer, Hélène
name: Luche, Sylvie
name: van Dorsselaer, Alain
name: Rabilloud, Thierry
name: Leize-Wagner, Emmanuelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Sequence coverage in MS analysis of protein digestion-derived peptides is a key issue for detailed characterization of proteins or identification at low quantities. In gel-based proteomics studies, the sequence coverage greatly depends on the protein detection method. It is shown here that ammoniacal silver detection methods offer improved sequence coverage over standard silver nitrate methods, while keeping the high sensitivity of silver staining. With the development of 2D-PAGE-based proteomics, another burden is placed on the detection methods used for protein detection on 2-D-gels. Besides the classical requirements of linearity, sensitivity, and homogeneity from one protein to another, detection methods must now take into account another aspect, namely their compatibility with MS. This compatibility is evidenced by two different and complementary aspects, which are (i) the absence of adducts and artefactual modifications on the peptides obtained after protease digestion of a protein detected and digested in - gel, and (ii) the quantitative yield of peptides recovered after digestion and analyzed by the mass spectrometer. While this quantitative yield is not very important per se, it is however a crucial parameter as it strongly influences the S/N of the mass spectrum and thus the number of peptides that can be detected from a given protein input, especially at low protein amounts. This influences in turn the sequence coverage and thus the detail of the analysis provided by the mass spectrometer.
description: website publisher http://www.interscience.wiley.com
Single in situ Interface Characterization Composed of Niobium and a Selectively Grown (Bi$_{1-x}$Sb$_x$)$_2$Te$_3$ Topological Insulator Nanoribbon
Creators: name: Janßen, Kevin
name: Rüßmann, Philipp
name: Liberda, Sergej
name: Schleenvoigt, Michael
name: Hou, Xiao
name: Jalil, Abdur Rehman
name: Lentz, Florian
name: Trellenkamp, Stefan
name: Bennemann, Benjamin
name: Zimmermann, Erik
name: Mussler, Gregor
name: Schüffelgen, Peter
name: Schneider, Claus-Michael
name: Blügel, Stefan
name: Grützmacher, Detlev
name: Plucinski, Lukasz
name: Schäpers, Thomas
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: arXiv (2023). doi:10.48550/ARXIV.2312.07325
description: With increasing attention in Majorana physics for possible quantum bit applications, a large interest has been developed to understand the properties of the interface between a $s$-type superconductor and a topological insulator. Up to this point the interface analysis was mainly focused on in situ prepared Josephson junctions, which consist of two coupled single interfaces or to ex-situ fabricated single interface devices. In our work we utilize a novel fabrication process, combining selective area growth and shadow evaporation which allows the characterization of a single in situ fabricated Nb/$\mathrm{(Bi_{0.15}Sb_{0.85})_2Te_3}$ nano interface. The resulting high interface transparency is apparent by a zero bias conductance increase by a factor of 1.7. Furthermore, we present a comprehensive differential conductance analysis of our single in situ interface for various magnetic fields, temperatures and gate voltages. Additionally, density functional theory calculations of the superconductor/topological insulator interface are performed in order to explain the peak-like shape of our differential conductance spectra and the origin of the observed smearing of conductance features.
description: Published by arXiv
Trigonometric Solutions of WDVV Equations and Generalized Calogero-Moser-Sutherland Systems
Creators: name: Feigin, Misha V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider trigonometric solutions of WDVV equations and derive geometric conditions when a collection of vectors with multiplicities determines such a solution. We incorporate these conditions into the notion of trigonometric Veselov system ($\vee$-system) and we determine all trigonometric $\vee$-systems with up to five vectors. We show that generalized Calogero-Moser-Sutherland operator admits a factorized eigenfunction if and only if it corresponds to the trigonometric $\vee$-system; this inverts a one-way implication observed by Veselov for the rational solutions.
Language Detection Engine for Multilingual Texting on Mobile Devices
Creators: name: Gothe, Sourabh Vasant
name: Ghosh, Sourav
name: Mani, Sharmila
name: Bhanodai, Guggilla
name: Agarwal, Ankur
name: Sanchi, Chandramouli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: More than 2 billion mobile users worldwide type in multiple languages in the soft keyboard. On a monolingual keyboard, 38% of falsely auto-corrected words are valid in another language. This can be easily avoided by detecting the language of typed words and then validating it in its respective language. Language detection is a well-known problem in natural language processing. In this paper, we present a fast, light-weight and accurate Language Detection Engine (LDE) for multilingual typing that dynamically adapts to user intended language in real-time. We propose a novel approach where the fusion of character N-gram model and logistic regression based selector model is used to identify the language. Additionally, we present a unique method of reducing the inference time significantly by parameter reduction technique. We also discuss various optimizations fabricated across LDE to resolve ambiguity in input text among the languages with the same character pattern. Our method demonstrates an average accuracy of 94.5% for Indian languages in Latin script and that of 98% for European languages on the code-switched data. This model outperforms fastText by 60.39% and ML-Kit by 23.67% in F1 score for European languages. LDE is faster on mobile device with an average inference time of 25.91 microseconds.
description: 2020 IEEE 14th International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC). Accessible at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9031474