cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mottness: Identifying the Propagating Charge Modes in doped Mott Insulators
Creators: name: Phillips, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-temperature superconductivity in the copper-oxide ceramics remains an unsolved problem because we do not know what the propagating degrees of freedom are in the normal state. As a result, we do not know what are the weakly interacting degrees of freedom which pair up to form the superconducting condensate. That the electrons are not the propagating degrees of freedom in the cuprates is seen most directly from experiments that show spectral weight redistributions over all energy scales. Of course, the actual propagating degrees of freedom minimize such spectral rearrangements. This review focuses on the range of epxerimental consequences such UV-IR mixings have on the normal state of the cuprates, such as the pseudogap, mid-infrared band, temperature dependence of the Hall number, the superfluid density, and a recent theoretical advance which permits the identification of the weakly interacting degrees of freedom in a doped Mott insulator. Within this theory, we show how the wide range of phenomena which typify the normal state of the cuprates arises including $T-$linear resistivity.
description: To appear as a Colloquium in the April issue of Rev. Mod. Phys Updated version contains new references and a clarification concerning Fig. 8.
The Standard Model of Particle Physics. Neutrino Oscillations
Creators: name: Giacomelli, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Model (SM) of Particle Physics was tested to great precision by experiments at the highest energy colliders (LEP, Hera, Tevatron, SLAC). The only missing particle is the Higgs boson, which will be the first particle to be searched for at the new Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The SM anticipated that there are 3 types of left handed neutrinos. Experiments on atmospheric and solar neutrinos (made in Japan, Italy, Canada, Russia and the US) have shown the existence of neutrino oscillations, which imply that neutrinos have very small mass differences and violate the conservation of individual leptonic numbers. Neutrino oscillations were verified in long baseline neutrino experiments (in Japan and in the USA); and cosmology has given reasonably precise indications on the sum of the neutrino masses. In this general lecture will be summarized some of the main properties of the SM and some of the main results obtained in the field and the experiments in preparation. Some of the main open questions will be briefly discussed.
description: 6 pages, 13 EPS figures. Special lecture given at the 24th ICNTS Conference, 1-5 September 2008, Bologna, Italy. Changed references
Semiclassical gaps in the density of states of chaotic Andreev billiards
Creators: name: Kuipers, Jack
name: Waltner, Daniel
name: Petitjean, Cyril
name: Berkolaiko, Gregory
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The connection of a superconductor to a chaotic ballistic quantum dot leads to interesting phenomena, most notably the appearance of a hard gap in its excitation spectrum. Here we treat such an Andreev billiard semiclassically where the density of states is expressed in terms of the classical trajectories of electrons (and holes) that leave and return to the superconductor. We show how classical orbit correlations lead to the formation of the hard gap, as predicted by random matrix theory in the limit of negligible Ehrenfest time $\tE$, and how the influence of a finite $\tE$ causes the gap to shrink. Furthermore, for intermediate $\tE$ we predict a second gap below $E=π\hbar /2\tE$ which would presumably be the clearest signature yet of $\tE$-effects.
description: Refereed version. 4 pages, 3 figures
Bironium undetermined
Creators: name: Löbl, Ivan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Bironium
Bironium undetermined

description: Bironium sp. Material examined. 1 ♀, labelled: Nlle GuinØe I. Salawati [handwritten by J. Achard] (NMPC). Distribution. Indonesia, West Papua: Raja Ampar Group, Salawati Island. Comments. This unnamed species, similar to B. punctatum, was previously recognized as new about 100 years ago by J. Achard who labelled the specimen as the unpublished name - Heteroscapha papuanum n. sp-. The species may be readily distinguished from B. punctatum by the elytra having basal striae interrupted at level of the humeral areas, the coarse elytral punctures forming two longitudinal impressed rows, and absent from the remaining discal surface, the mesoventrite smooth, lacking a median ridge, the median part of the metaventrite convex, lacking striae, bearing two coarse punctures situated between the mesocoxal cavities and three or four coarse punctures on the lateral part of the metaventrite near its anterior margin. Nevertheless, it seems preferable to keep this species unnamed as long as male characters are unknown.
description: Published as part of Löbl, Ivan, 2021, A review of the Bironium Csiki, 1909 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scaphidiinae) of New Guinea and the Moluccas, pp. 227-248 in Acta Musei Moraviae 106 (2) on page 247, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5706173
title: Manejo ecográfico e intervencionista del nódulo tiroideo.
Creators: name: Revert Ventura, Antonio J.
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Puncture

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
El objetivo de este póster es revisar el manejo ecográfico del nódulo tiroideo y las indicaciones de la punción-aspiración con aguja fina (PAAF),
según las últimas recomendaciones y nuestra...
Bottomonium observables in an open quantum system using the quantum trajectories method
Creators: name: Griend, Peter Vander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the Lindblad equation describing the Brownian motion of a Coulombic heavy quark-antiquark pair in a strongly coupled quark gluon plasma using the Monte Carlo wave function method. The Lindblad equation has been derived in the framework of pNRQCD and fully accounts for the quantum and non-Abelian nature of the system. The hydrodynamics of the plasma is realistically implemented through a 3+1D dissipative hydrodynamics code. We compute the bottomonium nuclear modification factor and elliptic flow and compare with the most recent LHC data. The computation does not rely on any free parameter, as it depends on two transport coefficients that have been evaluated independently in lattice QCD. Our final results, which include late-time feed down of excited states, agree well with the available data from LHC 5.02 TeV PbPb collisions.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, contribution to the proceedings of A Virtual Tribute to Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum, 2-6 August 2021
CoinPrune: Shrinking Bitcoin's Blockchain Retrospectively
Creators: name: Matzutt, Roman
name: Kalde, Benedikt
name: Pennekamp, Jan
name: Drichel, Arthur
name: Henze, Martin
name: Wehrle, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Popular cryptocurrencies continue to face serious scalability issues due to their ever-growing blockchains. Thus, modern blockchain designs began to prune old blocks and rely on recent snapshots for their bootstrapping processes instead. Unfortunately, established systems are often considered incapable of adopting these improvements. In this work, we present CoinPrune, our block-pruning scheme with full Bitcoin compatibility, to revise this popular belief. CoinPrune bootstraps joining nodes via snapshots that are periodically created from Bitcoin's set of unspent transaction outputs (UTXO set). Our scheme establishes trust in these snapshots by relying on CoinPrune-supporting miners to mutually reaffirm a snapshot's correctness on the blockchain. This way, snapshots remain trustworthy even if adversaries attempt to tamper with them. Our scheme maintains its retrospective deployability by relying on positive feedback only, i.e., blocks containing invalid reaffirmations are not rejected, but invalid reaffirmations are outpaced by the benign ones created by an honest majority among CoinPrune-supporting miners. Already today, CoinPrune reduces the storage requirements for Bitcoin nodes by two orders of magnitude, as joining nodes need to fetch and process only 6 GiB instead of 271 GiB of data in our evaluation, reducing the synchronization time of powerful devices from currently 7 h to 51 min, with even larger potential drops for less powerful devices. CoinPrune is further aware of higher-level application data, i.e., it conserves otherwise pruned application data and allows nodes to obfuscate objectionable and potentially illegal blockchain content from their UTXO set and the snapshots they distribute.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2004.06911
Additional file 1 of Are toe fringes important for lizard burying in highly mobile sand?
Creators: name: Zheng, Peng
name: Liang, Tao
name: Shi, Lei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary material 1
Additional file 2 of Optimizing model selection across global countries for managing pesticide emission and surface freshwater quality: a hierarchical screening approach
Creators: name: Huang, Yabi
name: Li, Zijian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
IRAS 16293: A "Magnetic" Tale of Two Cores
Creators: name: Rao, Ramprasad
name: Girart, Josep Miquel
name: Marrone, Daniel P.
name: Lai, Shih-Ping
name: Schnee, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present polarization observations of the dust continuum emission from IRAS 16293 which is a Class 0 protostar and is known to have at least two components, source A and B. These measurements were conducted by the Submillimeter Array (SMA) at a frequency of ~341 GHz and with high angular resolution (~2-3 arcseconds). We find that the large scale global direction of the field, which is perpendicular to the observed polarization, appears to be along the dust ridge where the emission peaks. On smaller scales we find that the field structure is significantly different for the two components of the binary. The first component, source A, shows a magnetic field structure which is "hourglass" shaped as predicted from theoretical models of low mass star formation in the presence of strong magnetic fields. However, the other component, source B, shows a relatively ordered magnetic field with no evidence of any deformation. There is an observed decrease in polarization towards the center. Our calculations show that in IRAS 16293 the magnetic energy is stronger than the turbulent energy but is approximately similar to the centrifugal energy. Our results provide additional evidence to show that the two protostars appear to be in different stages during their evolution.
description: Accepted by The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ). Consists of 37 pages with 9 figures and 5 tables. Abstract below is abridged
Modelling the outburst profile of X-ray powered millisecond pulsars
Creators: name: Falanga, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The outbursts of low mass X-ray binaries are prolonged relative to those of dwarf nova cataclysmic variables as a consequence of X-ray irradiation of the disc. We show that the time-scale of the decay light curve and its luminosity at a characteristic time are linked to the radius of the accretion disc. Hence a good X-ray light curve permits two independent estimates of the disc radius. In the case of the millisecond pulsars SAX J1808.4-3658 and XTE J0929-314 the agreement between these estimates is very strong. Our analysis allows new determinations of distances and accretion disc radii. Our analysis will allow determination of accretion disc radii for sources in external galaxies, and hence constrain system parameters where other observational techniques are not possible. We also use the X-ray light curves to estimate the mass transfer rate. The broken exponential decay observed in the 2002 outburst of SAX J1808.4-3658 may be caused by the changing self-shadowing of the disc.
description: To be published in the proceedings of the workshop 'A Decade of Accreting Millisecond X-ray pulsars' (Amsterdam 14-18 April 2008; Eds. Wijnands et al.)
title: Music listening as adaptive behaviour: Enaction meets neuroscience
Creators: name: Reybrouck, Mark
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2020

description: Background in musicology. This paper sketches the recent disciplinary history of musicology,
stressing the shift from a disembodied and detached approach to the musical structure to an
approach that takes the human listener as a starting point. It discusses the role of embodied
cognition and the role of enactive models for the study of the way how listeners cope with sounds,
relying to some extent also on the phenomenological approach of “music as heard” and “music
as experienced” that was advocated already in the 1980s.
Background in cognitive science and neuroscience. The enactive approach, as applied to
music, is part of the emerging field of 4E cognition, which is an umbrella term for embodied,
embedded, extended and enacted cognition. It is elaborated in this paper, more in particular its
relations with the sensorimotor approach to music cognition, and is brought in relation to
neuroscience, which has been seen as opposed to the embodied approach, due to its detached and
disembodied conceptions of mental computation and representation. This has been challenged
by more dynamic approaches in music and brain studies, as exemplified in the contributions from
neuroaesthetics, neuroplasticity and brain connectivity studies as applied to music.
Aims. The major aim of this paper is to bridge the gap between a disembodied and detached
conception of neuroscience and recent developments in cognitive science, that take an enactive
and embodied view to music cognition.
Main contribution. This paper is an overview and programmatic paper. Starting from the
inner/outer distinction in the philosophy of mind, it first delves into the position of the enactive
approach within the broader field of embodied cognition, stressing also the role of the
sensorimotor approach and action and perception studies. It then sketches the possible
contributions from the neurosciences to the enactive approach to dealing with music, revolving
mainly around the concepts of neurodynamics, neuroaesthetics and neuroplasticity and the
conception of music listening as adaptive behaviour. It is argued that the emerging field of
connectomics, which studies the networks of the brain, may play a crucial role in understanding
some of the underlying mechanisms of musical experience.
Implications. The major implication of this paper is the emphasis it puts on a dynamic and
ongoing description and assessment of the musical experience. It provides an overview of
existing techniques for empirical testing as well as possible new directions for future research.
Central in this is the dynamic approach to music cognition and the search for a kind of real-time
and ongoing mapping between the sonorous articulation and the lived experience by the listener.
Keywords: music listening, embodiment, enaction, adaptive behaviour, neurodynamics,
neuroaesthetics, neuroplasticity, connectomics
Non-local thermodynamic equilibrium spectral analysis of five hot, hydrogen-deficient pre-white dwarfs
Creators: name: Werner, Klaus
name: Reindl, Nicole
name: Dorsch, Matti
name: Geier, Stephan
name: Munari, Ulisse
name: Raddi, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot, compact, hydrogen-deficient pre-white dwarfs (pre-WDs) with effective temperatures of Teff > 70,000 K and a surface gravity of 5.0 < log g < 7.0 are rather rare objects despite recent and ongoing surveys. It is believed that they are the outcome of either single star evolution (late helium-shell flash or late helium-core flash) or binary star evolution (double WD merger). Their study is interesting because the surface elemental abundances reflect the physics of thermonuclear flashes and merger events. Spectroscopically they are divided in three different classes, namely PG1159, O(He), or He-sdO. We present a spectroscopic analysis of five such stars that turned out to have atmospheric parameters in the range Teff = 70,000-80,000 K and log g = 5.2-6.3. The three investigated He-sdOs have a relatively high hydrogen mass fraction (10%) that is unexplained by both single (He core flash) and binary evolution (He-WD merger) scenarios. The O(He) star JL9 is probably a binary helium-WD merger, but its hydrogen content (6%) is also at odds with merger models. We found that RL 104 is the 'coolest' (Teff = 80,000 K) member of the PG1159 class in a pre-WD stage. Its optical spectrum is remarkable because it exhibits C IV lines involving Rydberg states with principal quantum numbers up to n = 22. Its rather low mass (0.48 +0.03/-0.02 Msun) is difficult to reconcile with the common evolutionary scenario for PG1159 stars due to it being the outcome of a (very) late He-shell flash. The same mass-problem faces a merger model of a close He-sdO plus CO WD binary that predicts PG1159-like abundances. Perhaps RL 104 originates from a very late He-shell flash in a CO/He WD formed by a merger of two low-mass He-WDs.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 1 of A gender-specific assessment of tobacco use risk factors: evidence from the latest Pakistan demographic and health survey
Creators: name: Zubair, Faiqa
name: Husnain, Muhammad Iftikhar ul
name: Zhao, Ting
name: Ahmad, Hasnat
name: Khanam, Rasheda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary figure 1. Receiver Operating Curve Test for (a) men and (b) women
Canvas Quick Start Guide: Suggestions and tips for setting up your Canvas account and navigating your Canvas courses
Creators: name: Martinic, Alice
name: Pratt, Katie
name: Woodley, Lou
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This quick start guide is a brief technical orientation for learners as they participate in an online professional training course with CSCCE, administered via the learning management system Canvas. 

Shared under a CC-BY license. You are welcome to remix and reuse this document and with attribution to CSCCE.

About CSCCE

The Center for Scientific Collaboration and Community Engagement (CSCCE) champions the importance of human infrastructure for effective collaboration in STEM. We provide training and support for the people who make scientific collaborations succeed at scale - and we also research the impact of these emerging roles.

Find out more about us on our website: cscce.org
title: Injerto renal no funcionante: Elección del material de embolización
Creators: name: Plá Romero, Ana
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Kidney
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Spectral Doppler
subject: Embolisation
subject: Arterial access
subject: Transplantation

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Fig. 1 Fig. 2 • Presentar nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento del síndrome de intolerancia inmunología en el trasplante renal no funcionante • Evaluar la eficacia técnica del tratamiento endovascular con los diferentes materiales...
Supplementary results of the paper “Harmful behaviour through plasmid transfer – a successful evolutionary strategy of bacteria harbouring conjugative plasmids”
Creators: name: Domingues, Célia P. F.
name: Rebelo, João S.
name: Monteiro, Francisca
name: Nogueira, Teresa
name: Dionisio, Francisco
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary Tables S1 and S2 and Supplementary figures S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5
MPEC 2023-Y67 : 2023 BK17
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 BK17

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Deep insights into the local structure of amorphous Ta2O5 thin films by X-ray pair distribution function analysis
Creators: name: Martinelli, Alberto
name: Giovannini, Mauro
name: Neri, Martina
name: Gemme, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amorphous films of tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) are widely applied to build highly reflective mirrors used in interferometric gravitational wave detectors, such as the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO). Despite a large number of studies, the structural properties of amorphous Ta2O5 at the local scale still deserve several further investigations. Such information is essential to any attempt to understand the properties of this important material and no property modelling efforts can be expected to yield reliable information until the local structure in the amorphous phase is better understood. In this paper we report the results obtained by analysing the synchrotron X-ray pair distribution functions of pure and Ti-doped amorphous Ta2O5 film, deposited by ion beam sputtering, as prepared and after a thermal treatment. As a result, it is found that 1) the arrangement of Ta atoms in amorphous Ta2O5 strongly resembles that characterizing the high-pressure Z-Ta2O5 polymorph, whereas the topological properties of O atoms resembles that observed in delta-Ta2O5; 2) structural correlations in amorphous Ta2O5 start to vanish above ~ 5 Angstrom and are completely suppressed for r > 10 Angstrom on account of disorder; 3) Ti substitution retains the short-range topological ordering characterizing the as prepared Ta2O5 amorphous film even after thermal treatment; conversely, pure Ta2O5 films undergoes a significant rearrangement of the local structure after thermal treatment.
A Generalization of Quantum Stein's Lemma
Creators: name: Brandao, Fernando G. S. L.
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generalization of quantum Stein's Lemma to the situation in which the alternative hypothesis is formed by a family of states, which can moreover be non-i.i.d.. We consider sets of states which satisfy a few natural properties, the most important being the closedness under permutations of the copies. We then determine the error rate function in a very similar fashion to quantum Stein's Lemma, in terms of the quantum relative entropy. Our result has two applications to entanglement theory. First it gives an operational meaning to an entanglement measure known as regularized relative entropy of entanglement. Second, it shows that this measure is faithful, being strictly positive on every entangled state. This implies, in particular, that whenever a multipartite state can be asymptotically converted into another entangled state by local operations and classical communication, the rate of conversion must be non-zero. Therefore, the operational definition of multipartite entanglement is equivalent to its mathematical definition.
description: 30 pages. (see posting by M. Piani arXiv:0904.2705 for a different proof of the strict positiveness of the regularized relative entropy of entanglement on every entangled state). published version.
Beta-expansions, natural extensions and multiple tilings associated with Pisot units
Creators: name: Kalle, Charlene
name: Steiner, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A63, 11R06, 28A80, 28D05, 37B10, 52C22, 52C23

description: From the works of Rauzy and Thurston, we know how to construct (multiple) tilings of some Euclidean space using the conjugates of a Pisot unit $β$ and the greedy $β$-transformation. In this paper, we consider different transformations generating expansions in base $β$, including cases where the associated subshift is not sofic. Under certain mild conditions, we show that they give multiple tilings. We also give a necessary and sufficient condition for the tiling property, generalizing the weak finiteness property (W) for greedy $β$-expansions. Remarkably, the symmetric $β$-transformation does not satisfy this condition when $β$ is the smallest Pisot number or the Tribonacci number. This means that the Pisot conjecture on tilings cannot be extended to the symmetric $β$-transformation. Closely related to these (multiple) tilings are natural extensions of the transformations, which have many nice properties: they are invariant under the Lebesgue measure; under certain conditions, they provide Markov partitions of the torus; they characterize the numbers with purely periodic expansion, and they allow determining any digit in an expansion without knowing the other digits.
On the potential automorphy of certain odd-dimensional Galois representations
Creators: name: Barnet-Lamb, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R39, 11F23

description: In a previous paper, the potential automorphy of certain Galois representations to GL_n for n even was established, following work of Harris, Shepherd-Barron and Taylor and using the lifting theorems of Clozel, Harris and Taylor. In this paper, we extend those results to n=3 and n=5, and conditionally to all other odd n. The key additional tools necessary are results which give the automorphy or potential automorphy of symmetric powers of elliptic curves, most notably those of Gelbert, Jacquet, Kim, Shahidi and Harris.
description: 13 pages. Essentially final version, to appear in Compositio Mathematica. This version does not incorporate minor changes (e.g. typographical changes) made in proof
Self-consistent symmetries in the proton-neutron Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approach
Creators: name: Rohozinski, S. G.
name: Dobaczewski, J.
name: Nazarewicz, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetry properties of densities and mean fields appearing in the nuclear Density Functional Theory with pairing are studied. We consider energy functionals that depend only on local densities and their derivatives. The most important self-consistent symmetries are discussed: spherical, axial, space-inversion, and mirror symmetries. In each case, the consequences of breaking or conserving the time-reversal and/or proton-neutron symmetries are discussed and summarized in a tabulated form, useful in practical applications.
description: 26 RevTex pages, 1 eps figure, 9 tables, submitted to Physical Review C
Structure prediction based on ab initio simulated annealing for boron nitride
Creators: name: Doll, K.
name: Schoen, J. C.
name: Jansen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Possible crystalline modifications of chemical compounds at low temperatures correspond to local minima of the energy landscape. Determining these minima via simulated annealing is one method for the prediction of crystal structures, where the number of atoms per unit cell is the only information used. It is demonstrated that this method can be applied to covalent systems, at the example of boron nitride, using ab initio energies in all stages of the optimization, i.e. both during the global search and the subsequent local optimization. Ten low lying structure candidates are presented, including both layered structures and 3d-network structures such as the wurtzite and zinc blende types, as well as a structure corresponding to the beta-BeO type.
The effectiveness of logical reasoning on the solution of value problems
Creators: name: Schactman, Chuck Seymour
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Certain values education programs have been recently developed which emphasize teaching students to gain ability in critical, deductive reasoning. The major contention of this paper was that this type of reasoning is not entirely adequate for the solution of certain value loaded problems. In order to empirically test this hypothesis, a group of university students trained in formal logic was selected. Then three tests of logic were devised — one symbolic, one verbal and neutral, and the third verbal and value loaded. On three different sessions these tests were administered so that each subject attempted each test. Every item across the three tests was exactly the same in terms of logical content. The results were then tabulated and the analyses performed. The results showed support for the major hypothesis, that subjects perform significantly different on tests incorporating the same logic, but whose content differs. These results were then viewed in relation to values education programs stressing deductive reasoning and to the educational implications that may arise. Finally it was concluded that if transfer of learning to real life situations is a goal of education, then the programs mentioned are insufficient for the realization of these goals, and that the inclusion of educational procedures in the affective and perceptual, as well as the cognitive domains, is necessary for the successful transfer of learned strategies to everyday life situations.
Fusion of Sensor Measurements and Target-Provided Information in Multitarget Tracking
Creators: name: Gaglione, Domenico
name: Braca, Paolo
name: Soldi, Giovanni
name: Meyer, Florian
name: Hlawatsch, Franz
name: Win, Moe Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Tracking multiple time-varying states based on heterogeneous observations is a key problem in many applications. Here, we develop a statistical model and algorithm for tracking an unknown number of targets based on the probabilistic fusion of observations from two classes of data sources. The first class, referred to as target-independent perception systems (TIPSs), consists of sensors that periodically produce noisy measurements of targets without requiring target cooperation. The second class, referred to as target-dependent reporting systems (TDRSs), relies on cooperative targets that report noisy measurements of their state and their identity. We present a joint TIPS-TDRS observation model that accounts for observation-origin uncertainty, missed detections, false alarms, and asynchronicity. We then establish a factor graph that represents this observation model along with a state evolution model including target identities. Finally, by executing the sum-product algorithm on that factor graph, we obtain a scalable multitarget tracking algorithm with inherent TIPS-TDRS fusion. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated using simulated data as well as real data from a maritime surveillance experiment.
description: Accepted to be published in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. The document includes a supplementary material
Propagation of Second sound in a superfluid Fermi gas in the unitary limit
Creators: name: Arahata, Emiko
name: Nikuni, Tetsuro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study sound propagation in a uniform superfluid gas of Fermi atoms in the unitary limit. The existence of normal and superfluid components leads to appearance of two sound modes in the collisional regime, referred to as first and second sound. The second sound is of particular interest as it is a clear signal of a superfluid component. Using Landau's two-fluid hydrodynamic theory, we calculate hydrodynamic sound velocities and these weights in the density response function. The latter is used to calculate the response to a sudden modification of the external potential generating pulse propagation. The amplitude of a pulse which is proportional to the weight in the response function, is calculated the basis of the approach of Nozieres and Schmitt-Rink (NSR) for the BCS-BEC crossover. We show that, in a superfluid Fermi gas at unitarity, the second sound pulse is excited with an appreciate amplitude by density perturbations.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures. This version includes an erratum concerning the temperature dependence of hydrodynamic sound weights in Phys. Rev. A 80, 043613 (2009)
Towards Automatic Extraction of Social Networks of Organizations in PubMed Abstracts
Creators: name: Jonnalagadda, Siddhartha
name: Topham, Philip
name: Gonzalez, Graciela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social Network Analysis (SNA) of organizations can attract great interest from government agencies and scientists for its ability to boost translational research and accelerate the process of converting research to care. For SNA of a particular disease area, we need to identify the key research groups in that area by mining the affiliation information from PubMed. This not only involves recognizing the organization names in the affiliation string, but also resolving ambiguities to identify the article with a unique organization. We present here a process of normalization that involves clustering based on local sequence alignment metrics and local learning based on finding connected components. We demonstrate the application of the method by analyzing organizations involved in angiogenensis treatment, and demonstrating the utility of the results for researchers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries or national funding agencies.
description: This paper has been withdrawn; First International Workshop on Graph Techniques for Biomedical Networks in Conjunction with IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, Washington D.C., USA, Nov. 1-4, 2009; http://www.public.asu.edu/~sjonnal3/home/papers/IEEE%20BIBM%202009.pdf
Calibration of Low-Frequency, Wide-Field Radio Interferometers Using Delay/Delay-Rate Filtering
Creators: name: Parsons, Aaron R.
name: Backer, Donald C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a filtering technique that can be applied to individual baselines of wide-bandwidth, wide-field interferometric data to geometrically select regions on the celestial sphere that contain primary calibration sources. The technique relies on the Fourier transformation of wide-band frequency spectra from a given baseline to obtain one-dimensional "delay images", and then the transformation of a time-series of delay images to obtain two-dimensional "delay/delay-rate images." Source selection is possible in these images given appropriate combinations of baseline, bandwidth, integration time and source location. Strong and persistent radio frequency interference (RFI) limits the effectiveness of this source selection owing to the removal of data by RFI excision algorithms. A one-dimensional, complex CLEAN algorithm has been developed to compensate for RFI-excision effects. This approach allows CLEANed, source-isolated data to be used to isolate bandpass and primary beam gain functions. These techniques are applied to data from the Precision Array for Probing the Epoch of Reionization (PAPER) as a demonstration of their value in calibrating a new generation of low-frequency radio interferometers with wide relative bandwidths and large fields-of-view.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, 2009AJ....138..219P
Oleylamine aging of PtNi nanoparticles giving enhanced functionality for the oxygen reduction reaction
Creators: name: Leteba, Gerard M
name: Wang, Yi-Chi
name: Slater, Thomas J A
name: Cai, Rongsheng
name: Byrne, Conor
name: Race, Christopher P
name: Mitchell, David R G
name: Levecque, Pieter B J
name: Young, Neil P
name: Walton, Alex
name: Kirkland, Angus I
name: Haigh, Sarah J
name: Lang, Candace I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a rapid solution-phase strategy to synthesize alloyed PtNi nanoparticles which demonstrate outstanding functionality for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). This one-pot co-reduction colloidal synthesis results in a monodisperse population of single-crystal nanoparticles of rhombic dodecahedral morphology, with Pt enriched edges and compositions close to Pt1Ni2. We use nanoscale 3D compositional analysis to reveal for the first time that oleylamine (OAm)-aging of the rhombic dodecahedral Pt1Ni2 particles results in Ni leaching from surface facets, producing aged particles with concave faceting, an exceptionally high surface area and a composition of Pt2Ni1. We show that the modified atomic nanostructures catalytically outperform the original PtNi rhombic dodecahedral particles by more than 2-fold and also yield improved cycling durability. Their functionality for the ORR far exceeds commercially available Pt/C nanoparticle electrocatalysts, both in terms of mass-specific activities (up to a 25-fold increase) and intrinsic area-specific activities (up to a 27-fold increase).
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, supplementary information
On The Maximum Mass of Stellar Black Holes
Creators: name: Belczynski, Krzysztof
name: Bulik, Tomasz
name: Fryer, Chris L.
name: Ruiter, Ashley
name: Valsecchi, Francesca
name: Vink, Jorick S.
name: Hurley, Jarrod R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the spectrum of compact object masses: neutron stars and black holes that originate from single stars in different environments. In particular, we calculate the dependence of maximum black hole mass on metallicity and on some specific wind mass loss rates (e.g., Hurley et al. and Vink et al.). Our calculations show that the highest mass black holes observed in the Galaxy M_bh = 15 Msun in the high metallicity environment (Z=Zsun=0.02) can be explained with stellar models and the wind mass loss rates adopted here. To reach this result we had to set Luminous Blue Variable mass loss rates at the level of about 0.0001 Msun/yr and to employ metallicity dependent Wolf-Rayet winds. With such winds, calibrated on Galactic black hole mass measurements, the maximum black hole mass obtained for moderate metallicity (Z=0.3 Zsun=0.006) is M_bh,max = 30 Msun. This is a rather striking finding as the mass of the most massive known stellar black hole is M_bh = 23-34 Msun and, in fact, it is located in a small star forming galaxy with moderate metallicity. We find that in the very low (globular cluster-like) metallicity environment the maximum black hole mass can be as high as M_bh,max = 80 Msun (Z=0.01 Zsun=0.0002). It is interesting to note that X-ray luminosity from Eddington limited accretion onto an 80 Msun black hole is of the order of about 10^40 erg/s and is comparable to luminosities of some known ULXs. We emphasize that our results were obtained for single stars only and that binary interactions may alter these maximum black hole masses (e.g., accretion from a close companion). This is strictly a proof-of-principle study which demonstrates that stellar models can naturally explain even the most massive known stellar black holes.
description: 15 pages, ApJ accepted
Importance of boundary effects in diffusion of hydrocarbon molecules in a one-dimensional zeolite channel
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Sakuntala
name: Schütz, Gunter M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-file diffusion of propane and toluene molecules inside a narrow, effectively one-dimensional zeolite pore was experimentally studied by Czaplewski {\sl et al.} Using a stochastic lattice gas approach, we obtain an analytical description of this process for the case of single-component loading. We show that a good quantitative agreement with the experimental data for the desorption temperature of the hydrocarbon molecules can be obtained if the desorption process from the boundary is associated with a higher activation energy than the diffusion process in the bulk. We also present Dynamical Monte Carlo simulation results for two-component loading which demonstrate in agreement with the experimental findings the effects of mutual blockage of the molecules due to single-file diffusion.
description: Revised and final version
Mu-Tau Production at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Han, Tao
name: Lewis, Ian
name: Sher, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by large nu_mu-nu_tau flavor mixing, we consider mu-tau production at hadron colliders via dimension-6 effective operators, which can be attributed to new physics in the flavor sector at a higher scale Lambda. Current bounds on many of these operators from low energy experiments are very weak or nonexistent, and they may lead to clean mu+tau- and mu-tau+ signals at hadron colliders. At the Tevatron with 8 inverse femtobarns, one can exceed current bounds for most operators, with most 2 sigma sensitivities being in the 6-24 TeV range. We find that at the LHC with 1 (100) inverse femtobarns integrated luminosity, one can reach a 2 sigma sensitivity for Lambda \sim 3-10 TeV (Lambda =\sim 6-21 TeV), depending on the Lorentz structure of the operator. For some operators, an improvement of several orders of magnitude in sensitivity can be obtained with only a few tens of inverse picobarns at the LHC.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Exceptional sequences and clusters
Creators: name: Igusa, Kiyoshi
name: Schiffler, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G20, 20F55

description: We show that exceptional sequences for hereditary algebras are characterized by the fact that the product of the corresponding reflections is the inverse Coxeter element in the Weyl group. We use this result to give a new combinatorial characterization of clusters tilting sets in the cluster category in the case where the hereditary algebra is of finite type.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures. Appendix written with Hugh Thomas added in v2. Typos fixed and exposition improved in v3
A Novel GPR-Based Prediction Model for Cylic Backbone Curves of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls
Creators: name: Deger, Zeynep Tuna
name: Kaya, Gulsen Taskin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.2.7; J.6.1

description: Backbone curves are used to characterize nonlinear responses of structural elements by simplifying the cyclic force-deformation relationships. Accurate modeling of cyclic behavior can be achieved with a reliable backbone curve model. In this paper, a novel machine learning-based model is proposed to predict the backbone curve of reinforced concrete shear (structural) walls based on key wall design properties. Reported experimental responses of a detailed test database consisting of 384 reinforced concrete shear walls under cyclic loading were utilized to predict seven critical points to define the backbone curves, namely: shear at cracking point; shear and displacement at yielding point; and peak shear force and corresponding displacement; and ultimate displacement and corresponding shear. The predictive models were developed based on the Gaussian Process Regression method (GPR), which adopts a non-parametric Bayesian approach. The ability of the proposed GPR-based model to make accurate and robust estimations for the backbone curves was validated based on unseen data using a hundred random sampling procedure. The prediction accuracies (i.e., ratio of predicted/actual values) are close to 1.0, whereas the coefficient of determination (R2) values range between 0.90-0.97 for all backbone points. The proposed GPR-based backbone models are shown to reflect cyclic behavior more accurately than the traditional methods, therefore, they would serve the earthquake engineering community for better evaluation of the seismic performance of existing buildings.
description: 16 pages, 5 tables, 7 figures. Submitted to Elsevier
Bragg spectroscopy for measuring Casimir-Polder interactions with Bose-Einstein condensates above corrugated surfaces
Creators: name: Moreno, Gustavo A.
name: Dalvit, Diego A. R.
name: Calzetta, Esteban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to probe dispersive atom-surface interactions by measuring via two-photon Bragg spectroscopy the dynamic structure factor of a Bose-Einstein condensate above corrugated surfaces. This method takes advantage of the condensate coherence to reveal the spatial Fourier components of the lateral Casimir-Polder interaction energy.
description: revised version