cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spin Density Waves in the Hubbard model - A DMFT approach
Creators: name: Peters, Robert
name: Kawakami, Norio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze spin density waves (SDWs) in the Hubbard model on a square lattice within the framework of inhomogeneous dynamical mean field theory (iDMFT). Doping the half-filled Hubbard model results in a change of the antiferromagnetic Néel state, which exists exactly at half filling, to a phase of incommensurate SDWs. Previous studies of this phase mainly rely on static mean field calculations. In this paper, we will use large-scale iDMFT calculations to study properties of SDWs in the Hubbard model. A great advantage of iDMFT over static mean field approaches is the inclusion of local screening effects and the easy access to dynamical correlation functions. Furthermore, this technique is not restricted to the Hubbard model, but can be easily used to study incommensurate phases in various strongly correlated materials.
MPEC 2023-P30 : 2022 OA5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Comprehensive Study of $\overline B^0\to K^0(\overline K^0) K^\mpπ^\pm$ Decays in the Factorization Approach
Creators: name: Li, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the factorization approach, we investigate the $\overline B^0 \to \overline K^0K^+π^-$ and $\overline B^0 \to K^0K^-π^+$ decays individually including the resonant and nonresonant contributions. Under the flavor SU(3) symmetry, we obtain the total branching fraction $BR [\overline B^0 \to (\overline K^0K^+π^-+K^0K^-π^+)]=(7.17^{+0.50+1.97+0.08}_{-0.53-1.42-0.07})\times 10^{-6}$, which is in agreement with the recent measurements of BaBar and LHCb within errors. For the decay $\overline B^0 \to \overline K^0K^+π^-$, the nonresonant background and $a_0^+(1450)$ pole in the current-induced process provide large contribution, the latter of which has not been included in previous studies. On the contrary,the decay $\overline B^0 \to K^0K^-π^+$ is dominated by the nonresonant background and the offshell $ρ^-$ pole. When the flavor SU(3) symmetry breaking and the final-state rescattering are considered under two different scenarios, the results can also accommodate the experimental data with large uncertainties. Moreover, the direct $CP$ asymmetry of $\overline B^0 \to \overline K^0K^+π^-$ is found to be sensitive to the matrix element of scalar density. These predictions could be further tested in the LHCb experiment or Super-b factory in future.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
The Simple Single Field Inflation Models and the Running of Spectral Index
Creators: name: Gao, Qing
name: Gong, Yungui
name: Li, Tianjun
name: Tian, Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BICEP2 experiment confirms the existence of primordial gravitational wave with the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r=0$ ruled out at $7σ$ level. The consistency of this large value of $r$ with the {\em Planck} data requires a large negative running $n'_s$ of the scalar spectral index. Herein we propose two types of the single field inflation models with simple potentials to study the possibility of the consistency of the models with the BICEP2 and {\em Planck} observations. One type of model suggested herein is realized in the supergravity model building. These models fail to provide the needed $n'_s$ even though both can fit the tensor-to-scalar ratio and spectral index.
description: 4 figures, Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. in press
BICEP2, the Higgs Mass and the SUSY-breaking Scale
Creators: name: Ibanez, Luis E.
name: Valenzuela, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent BICEP2 results on CMB polarisation B-modes suggest a high value for the inflation scale $V_0^{1/4} \simeq 10^{16}$ GeV, giving experimental evidence for a physical scale in between the EW scale and the Planck mass. We propose that this new high scale could be interpreted as evidence for a high SUSY breaking scale $M_{ss}\simeq 10^{12}-10^{13}$ GeV. We show that such a large value for $M_{ss}$ is consistent with a Higgs mass around 126 GeV. We briefly discuss some possible particle physics implications of this assumption.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. v2: references added
Living in liminal spaces: Jewish refugees in Italian displaced persons camps, 1945-1951
Creators: name: Willard-Kyle, Danielle
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: This dissertation studies the questions of home-making and community-building by Jewish refugees from Eastern Europe and North Africa in transitional immigration camps in Italy after the Second World War. It recovers the stories of these long-silenced Jewish displaced persons (DPs) and reorients the field of postwar refugee studies to reconsider the importance of Italy. Between 1945 and 1951, at least 50,000 Jewish, non-Italian refugees made their way to Italy, most in hopes of permanently resettling in Palestine/Israel. Blockades and quotas for emigration entailed that the majority lived in at least one of the 35 Displaced Persons camps or 97 hachsharot, or agricultural training centers, for several years. These camps and centers were set up by the Allied Military forces, the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, and the Jewish Agency for Palestine; these groups were later joined by the Italian national government and the International Relief Organization. This dissertation argues that through their interactions with fellow DPs and aid workers, many Jewish DPs established homes in these temporary spaces that attempted to both re-create their former lives and to project what they hoped their future lives might look like.This dissertation explores themes of rehabilitation and agency in everyday life during displacement and migration. Through its connections of family and humanitarian history, it specifically examines the history of childhood questioning the implementation of rehabilitation methods and recognition of youth agency. It examines the ways in which interactions between organization and individuals of all ages in the camps created new understandings of home, family, and identity, in light of wartime and postwar ruptures. It further connects these histories of displacement with the role of states and humanitarian groups in aiding or hindering refugees’ creation of new homes and futures. This is particularly important in relation to their involvement with North African Jewish migrants who were denied refugee status. This study examines the ways this lack of status further complicated the already present problems in the DP camps resulting from a lack of adequate food or shelter. Finally, this study explores the memories of the DP camps to show how these remembrances have shifted over time from spaces of despair to places of rebirth.
PRELIMINARY RESUME FOR THE HOPE SPOT SUBMISSION OF “TAVOLARA MPA”
Creators: name: Gaglioti, Martina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Marine and estuarine ecology (incl. marine ichthyology)
Conservation and biodiversity
Heritage and cultural conservation

description: This contribution is a personal work conceived in order to highlight the ecological relevance of the MPA as case study area. This research product is the outcome of a field-based mission which has been concluded in 2022. Therefore it has been valuable considered by the Hope Spot evaluation committee, despite at the moment the suggested area won't be included in the hope spot network since the current Blue Mission goal is the establishment of larger Hope Spot areas in order to enforce the connectivity and networking action related the designation of larger MPAs across the world.
MPEC 2023-F75 : 2023 FY1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FY1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Global Existence and Nonlinear Diffusion of Classical Solutions to Non-Isentropic Euler Equations with Damping in Bounded Domain
Creators: name: Wu, Fuzhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We considered classical solutions to the initial boundary value problem for non-isentropic compressible Euler equations with damping in multi-dimensions. We obtained global a priori estimates and global existence results of classical solutions to both non-isentropic Euler equations with damping and their nonlinear diffusion equations under small data assumption. We proved the pressure and velocity decay exponentially to constants, while the entropy and density can not approach constants. Finally, we proved the pressure and velocity of the non-isentropic Euler equations with damping converge exponentially to those of their nonlinear diffusion equations when the time goes to infinity.
description: 57 pages, major revision, nonlinear diffusion added
Nonuniform phases in a three-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model
Creators: name: Moreira, J.
name: Hiller, B.
name: Broniowski, W.
name: Osipov, A. A.
name: Blin, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that flavor mixing of the strange and light quarks allows for existence of a much larger baryonic chemical potential window for the formation of a stable dual chiral-wave state as compared to the well known two flavor case. In addition, strangeness catalyzes the occurrence of a new branch of non-homogeneous solutions at moderate densities. This case study is addressed at zero temperature within the SU(3) flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with the 't Hooft determinantal flavor mixing interaction. The modulation of the chiral condensates in the light quark sector is taken to be one-dimensional, while strangeness is embedded as a homogeneous condensate in the spontaneously broken phase of chiral symmetry. A finite current quark mass for the strange quark is incorporated, while the up and down current masses are set to zero. In that case the modulation considered provides an exact analytic solution for the system. Despite the simplicity of the \textit{ansatz}, the emerging phase diagram displays a very rich structure.
description: 10 pages, 9 figure, in this version minor corrections, references added, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Metabolic Role of Sulfates and Sulfides Producing Bacteria in Pollution of Waters
Creators: name: Aleem, M. I. H.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University of Kentucky
Year: 1971

description: Abstract:
Cytochrome transport particles from Nitrobacter catalyzed nitrite, ascorbate as well as NADH oxidation with concomitant phosphate esterification yielding P/0 ratios of 1.0, 0.6 and 2.0 respectively. Phosphorylation coupled to nitrite oxidation was not effected by rotenone, amytal or antimycin while 50 and 70% inhibition of the NADH-linked phosphorylation was observed in the presence of HOQNO and rotenone respectively. Cell-free extracts from Nitrobacter also catalyzed an energy-dependent reduction of NAD+ by nitrite. The reduction of cytochrome c by NŌ2 was energy-dependent which involved the reversal of electrons from cytochrome a1. The subsequent energy-linked reduction of the flavoproteins and pyridine nucleotides occurred concomitantly with the oxidation of cytochrome c. The process of energy-linked reversal of electron transfer in Nitrobacter was markedly sensitive to all the inhibitors and uncouplers.
The reduction of NAD+ by thiosulfate in T. neapolitanus was an energy-linked process and involved the reversal of electrons from ferrocytochrome c mediated by flavoproteins. Cell-free extracts also catalyzed the reduction of NAD+ by sultie at the expense of ATP and involved the participation of the flavoprotein-pyridine nucleotide segment of the respiratory chain. The NADH oxidation by T. neapolitanus was mediated by the flavoprotein and cytochrome systems and this process also appeared to be coupled with energy-generation.
The energy-dependent metabolism of sulfate producing bacteria and nitrite oxidizing bacteria was found to be very markedly sensitive to extremely low quantities of chloro, bromo or nitre-substituted phenols. Investigations which were conducted to assess the importance of these organisms in natural environments seem to be rather important in designing control measures for the control of biological production of sulfur or nitrogen compounds or acidity in acid-mine streams or spoil bank.
Funding information: The work on which this report is based was supported in part by funds provided by the Office of Water Resources Research, United States Department of the Interior, as authorized under the Water Resources Act of 1964.
Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in sqrt(s) = 8TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three leptons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 20.3 fb-1 of sqrt(s) = 8 TeV proton--proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with the Standard Model expectations and limits are set in R-parity-conserving phenomenological Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Models and in simplified supersymmetric models, significantly extending previous results. For simplified supersymmetric models of direct chargino ($\tildeχ^\pm_1$) and next-to-lightest neutralino ($\tildeχ_2^0$) production with decays to lightest neutralino ($\tildeχ_1^0$) via either all three generations of sleptons, staus only, gauge bosons, or Higgs bosons, $\tildeχ^\pm_1$ and $\tildeχ_2^0$ masses are excluded up to 700 GeV, 380 GeV, 345 GeV, or 148 GeV respectively, for a massless $\tildeχ_1^0$.
description: 29 pages plus author list (50 pages total), 8 figures, 9 tables, submitted to JHEP, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2013-12/
Journey towards FAIR and Open - Presentation at the KNAW PhD and Postdoc Career Development Event
Creators: name: Elly, Dijk
name: Grootveld, Marjan
name: Braukmann, Ricarda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Data Management
FAIR
Open Access
Open Science

description: Presentation slides presented at the "Journey towards FAIR and Open" session at the PhD And Postdoc Career Development Event of the KNAW. In this session, we provided a basic introduction to Open Access publications in the Netherlands, and FAIR and Open Data. We also showcased the FAIRAware Tool that can help researchers evaluate the FAIRness of their data.
Rapid data collection of spectra for the use in tracer based metabolism studies
Creators: name: Ludwig, Christian
name: Jeeves, Mark
name: Roberts, Jennie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: 13C
subject: 15N
subject: CANMS
subject: High-Throughput
subject: metabolic flux
subject: Metabolic Pathway Profiling
subject: Metabolism
subject: MFA
subject: MPP
subject: MS
subject: NMR
subject: non-uniform sampling
subject: NUS
subject: Tracer
subject: tracing

description: Rapid data collection of spectra for the use in tracer based metabolism studies
Tensor B mode and stochastic Faraday mixing
Creators: name: Giovannini, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates the Faraday effect as a different source of B mode polarization. The E mode polarization is Faraday rotated provided a stochastic large-scale magnetic field is present prior to photon decoupling. In the first part of the paper we discuss the case where the tensor modes of the geometry are absent and we argue that the B mode recently detected by the Bicep2 collaboration cannot be explained by a large-scale magnetic field rotating, through the Faraday effect, the well established E mode polarization. In this case, the observed temperature autocorrelations would be excessively distorted by the magnetic field. In the second part of the paper the formation of Faraday rotation is treated as a stationary, random and Markovian process with the aim of generalizing a set of scaling laws originally derived in the absence of the tensor modes of the geometry. We show that the scalar, vector and tensor modes of the brightness perturbations can all be Faraday rotated even if the vector and tensor parts of the effect have been neglected, so far, by focussing the attention on the scalar aspects of the problem. The mixing between the power spectra of the E mode and B mode polarizations involves a unitary transformation depending nonlinearly on the Faraday rotation rate. The present approach is suitable for a general scrutiny of the polarization observables and of their frequency dependence.
description: 33 pages, 4 figures; updated to match the published version
Flavone-based dual PARP-Tubulin inhibitor manifesting efficacy against endometrial cancer
Creators: name: Sharma, Sachin
name: Chandra, Kavya
name: Naik, Aliva
name: Sharma, Anamika
name: Sharma, Ram
name: Thakur, Amandeep
name: Grewal, Ajmer Singh
name: Dhingra, Ashwani K.
name: Banerjee, Arnab
name: Liou, Jing Ping
name: Guru, Santosh Kumar
name: Nepali, Kunal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Structural tailoring of the flavone framework (position 7) via organopalladium-catalyzed C–C bond formation was attempted in this study. The impact of substituents with varied electronic effects (phenyl ring, position 2 of the benzopyran scaffold) on the antitumor properties was also assessed. Resultantly, the efforts yielded a furyl arm bearing benzopyran possessing a 4-fluoro phenyl ring (position 2) (14) that manifested a magnificent antitumor profile against the Ishikawa cell lines mediated through dual inhibition of PARP and tubulin [(IC50 (PARP1) = 74 nM, IC50 (PARP2) = 109 nM) and tubulin (IC50 = 1.4 µM)]. Further investigations confirmed the ability of 14 to induce apoptosis as well as autophagy and cause cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Overall, the outcome of the study culminated in a tractable dual PARP-tubulin inhibitor endowed with an impressive activity profile against endometrial cancer.
HS-TrAM
Creators: name: Ludwig, Christian
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: 13C
subject: 15N
subject: CANMS
subject: High-Throughput
subject: metabolic flux
subject: Metabolic Pathway Profiling
subject: Metabolism
subject: MFA
subject: MPP
subject: MS
subject: NMR
subject: Tracer
subject: tracing

description: Experimental NMR datasets for HS-TrAM
Constitutive relations and response parameters in two dimensional hydrodynamics with gauge and gravitational anomalies
Creators: name: Banerjee, Rabin
name: Dey, Shirsendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the constitutive relations for the stress tensor and gauge current in $(1+1)$ dimensional hydrodynamics in the presence of both gauge and gravitational (conformal as well as diffeomorphism) anomalies. The relations between response parameters and anomaly coefficients are also found. The role of the Israel-Hartle-Hawking vacuum is emphasized. Finally, in the absence of gauge fields, earlier results obtained by a hydrodynamic expansion are reproduced.
description: latex, 7 pages, no figures; minor changes, to appear in Phys. Lett. B
On the uniqueness theorem of Holmgren
Creators: name: Hedenmalm, Haakan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We rereview the classical Cauchy-Kovalevskaya theorem and the related uniqueness theorem of Holmgren, in the simple setting of powers of the Laplacian and a smooth curve segment in the plane. As a local problem, the Cauchy-Kovalevskaya and Holmgren theorems supply a complete answer to the existence and uniqueness issues. Here, we consider a global uniqueness problem of Holmgren's type. Perhaps surprisingly, we obtain a connection with the theory of quadrature identities, which demonstrates that rather subtle algebraic properties of the curve come into play. For instance, if $Ω$ is the interior domain of an ellipse, and $I$ is a proper arc of the ellipse $\partialΩ$, then there exists a nontrivial biharmonic function $u$ in $Ω$ which vanishes to degree three on $I$ (i.e., all partial derivatives of $u$ of order $\le2$ vanish on $I$) if and only if the ellipse is a circle. Finally, we consider a three-dimensional case, and analyze it partially using analogues of the square of the 2X2 Cauchy-Riemann operator.
description: 14 pages
Hadron Production in Photon Photon Processes at ILC and BSM signatures with small mass differences
Creators: name: Sasikumar, Kollassery Swathi
name: List, Jenny
name: Berggren, Carl Mikael
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: Helmholtz Alliance Terascale Annual Meeting 2018, Hamburg, DESY, Germany, 26 Nov 2018 - 28 Nov 2018
Conductance of Interacting Quasi-One-Dimensional Electron Gas with a Scatterer
Creators: name: Borin, A. V.
name: Nagaev, K. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the conductance of a quantum wire with two occupied subbands in a presence of a barrier taking into account the interaction between electrons. We extend the renormalization-group equation for the scattering matrix of the barrier to the case of intersubband interactions, find its fixed points, and investigate their stability. Depending on the interaction parameters, the conductance may be equal to 0, $e^2/h$, or $2e^2/h$ per spin projection. In some parameter ranges, two stable fixed points may coexist, so the ultimate conductance depends on the properties of the bare barrier. For spinful electrons, the conductance of the wire may nonmonotonically depend on the Fermi level and temperature.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, published version
Isochronous Cosmologies
Creators: name: Briscese, Fabio
name: Calogero, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility has been recently demonstrated to manufacture (nonrelativistic, Hamiltonian) many-body problems which feature an isochronous time evolution with an arbitrarily assigned period $T$ yet mimic with good approximation, or even exactly, any given many-body problem (within a large, physically relevant, class) over times $\tilde{T}$ which may also be arbitrarily large (but of course such that $\tilde{T}
BayesFT: Bayesian Optimization for Fault Tolerant Neural Network Architecture
Creators: name: Ye, Nanyang
name: Mei, Jingbiao
name: Fang, Zhicheng
name: Zhang, Yuwen
name: Zhang, Ziqing
name: Wu, Huaying
name: Liang, Xiaoyao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To deploy deep learning algorithms on resource-limited scenarios, an emerging device-resistive random access memory (ReRAM) has been regarded as promising via analog computing. However, the practicability of ReRAM is primarily limited due to the weight drifting of ReRAM neural networks due to multi-factor reasons, including manufacturing, thermal noises, and etc. In this paper, we propose a novel Bayesian optimization method for fault tolerant neural network architecture (BayesFT). For neural architecture search space design, instead of conducting neural architecture search on the whole feasible neural architecture search space, we first systematically explore the weight drifting tolerance of different neural network components, such as dropout, normalization, number of layers, and activation functions in which dropout is found to be able to improve the neural network robustness to weight drifting. Based on our analysis, we propose an efficient search space by only searching for dropout rates for each layer. Then, we use Bayesian optimization to search for the optimal neural architecture robust to weight drifting. Empirical experiments demonstrate that our algorithmic framework has outperformed the state-of-the-art methods by up to 10 times on various tasks, such as image classification and object detection.
Resolving the Eastern Alpine puzzle: Illumination of crustal structure with receiver functions and ambient noise autocorrelations
Creators: name: Mroczek, Stefan
name: Tilmann, Frederik
name: Pleuger, Jan
name: Yuan, Xiaohui
name: Heit, Ben
name: SWATH-D Working Group
name: AlpArray Working Group
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Receiver functions and ambient noise autocorrelations
subject: Eastern Alps
subject: 500 Natural sciences and mathematics::550 Earth sciences::550 Earth sciences

description: The tectonic structure of the Eastern Alps is heavily debated with successive geophysical studies that are unable to resolve areas of ambiguity (e.g., the presence of a switch in subduction polarity and differing crustal models). In order to better understand this area, we produce a high resolution Moho map of the Eastern Alps based on a dense seismic broadband array deployment (SWATH-D). Moho depths were derived from joint analysis of receiver function images of direct conversions and multiple reflections for both the SV (radial) and SH (transverse) components, which enables us to map overlapping and inclined discontinuities. Autocorrelations, derived from ambient noise, recover zero-offset reflections for a subset of stations located in the Bohemian Massif (part of the EASI transect) and provide an independent measurement of Moho depth and corroborate the receiver function results. Autocorrelations also give potential for a combined analysis to better constrain crustal average P velocities. Furthermore, an associated petrological study informs us on the implications of the eclogitisation of crustal rocks for these imaging techniques (see poster John et al “The effect of eclogitization of crustal rocks on the seismic properties on variable scales”). We observe the European Moho to be underlying the Adriatic Moho from the west up to the eastern edge of the Tauern Window. East of the Tauern Window, a sharp transition from underthrusting European to a flat and thinned crust associated with Pannonian extension tectonics occurs, which is underthrust by both European crust in the north and by Adriatic crust in the south. The Adriatic lithosphere underthrusts northward below the Southern Alps for a short distance of a few tens of km at most, and becomes steeper and deeper towards the Dinarides where it dips towards the north-east. Our results suggest that the steep high velocity region in the mantle below the Eastern Alps, observed in tomographic studies, is likely to be of European origin.
Mechanistic study of the antibacterial activity of flavonoids
Creators: name: Wen, Liang
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: Foodborne pathogens are one of the major causes for food spoilage which happens in raw meat, vegetable, and dairy products. The emerging antibiotic resistance acquired by common pathogens is bringing urgency for food industry to explore more options for effective and safe antimicrobial agents. As one of the largest groups of plant metabolites, flavonoids were discovered to possess antimicrobial activity but much of the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we established a QSAR model using published datasets that can summarize and predict the redox behaviors of flavonoids with given structures. Then several flavonoids with similar backbone structures yet varied hyperactive groups were tested for antibacterial activity. We observed that flavonoid antibacterial activity has a positive correlation with its antioxidant potential, which was typically measured in acidic environments. Our ORAC analysis revealed that the most theoretically antioxidant flavonoids may exhibit prooxidant properties due to rapid degradation in weak alkaline conditions, a phenomenon directly associated with their antibacterial activities. We then focused our study on myricetin, the most potent one in the group that contains a C2=C3 double bond and B-ring pyrogallol group structure. We discovered that myricetin undergoes autoxidation to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) at physiological conditions. We then supplemented enzymes or cofactor metals that are essential for various cellular oxidative pathways to the growth medium of E.coli or L. monocytogenes with myricetin, and noticed significantly corresponding interference or improvement of the inhibitory effect. These data suggested that the antibacterial activities of myricetin are directly mediated by the ROS generated by its autoxidation. We also showed that the ROS generation in turn altered the physiological profile of E.coli cells that may lead to its demise. These alterations include the compromise of membrane integrity, increased leakage of cellular components, as well as transcriptional upregulations of multiple genes associated with oxidative damage prevention, DNA replication or DNA damage repair. Altogether, our findings highlighted the use of the previously underexplored natural flavonoid compound myricetin, among other flavonoids, as a potential and potent antibiotic with elucidated mechanisms of action that could be partially inferred from its structural features. The emergence of such broad-spectrum, strong and natural antibiotics will serve as one of the key solutions to the alarmingly rising problems of antibiotic resistance and will therefore be unmeasurably beneficiary to the food and drug industry.
Joint inversion of seismic data for temperature and lithology in the Eastern Alps
Creators: name: Mroczek, Stefan
name: Tilmann, Frederik
name: Zertani, Sascha
name: Kästle, Emanuel D.
name: John, Timm
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Joint inversion of seismic data for temperature and lithology
subject: Eastern Alps
subject: 500 Natural sciences and mathematics::550 Earth sciences::550 Earth sciences

description: The high density SWATH-D and AlpArray seismic networks provide a unique opportunity in the Eastern Alps to resolve the complex plate configuration and investigate how the crustal structure seen today reflects the dramatic changes in mountain building style and reorganisation of plate boundaries at about 20 Ma. This study complements the partner project where scattered wave tomography is applied to the same area (presented in the poster ‘Applying scattered wave tomography and joint inversion of high-density (SWATH D) geophysical and petrophysical datasets to unravel Eastern Alpine crustal structure’, Tilmann et al). In order to bring together the seismological and geological-mineralogical constraints in a probabilistic self-consistent way, we employ the joint inversion of seismological and petrophysical data sets. Receiver functions and surface wave dispersion curves, calculated in partner projects, are usually jointly inverted for elastic properties. By utilising the strengths of Markov Chain Monte Carlo inversion, we are able to instead parameterise our model by temperature and mineral assemblage. By inverting seismic data directly for the crust’s constituent mineral assemblages, we are led to a deeper understanding of intra-crustal structure, temperature, and petrophysical properties of crustal layers. A further significant advantage is in interpretation where the probabilities of certain lithologies being present allows for a more seamless integration of qualitative geological data and a reduction in interpretation biases compared to when only seismic velocities are presented.
Automated Fixing of Programs with Contracts
Creators: name: Pei, Yu
name: Furia, Carlo A.
name: Nordio, Martin
name: Wei, Yi
name: Meyer, Bertrand
name: Zeller, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes AutoFix, an automatic debugging technique that can fix faults in general-purpose software. To provide high-quality fix suggestions and to enable automation of the whole debugging process, AutoFix relies on the presence of simple specification elements in the form of contracts (such as pre- and postconditions). Using contracts enhances the precision of dynamic analysis techniques for fault detection and localization, and for validating fixes. The only required user input to the AutoFix supporting tool is then a faulty program annotated with contracts; the tool produces a collection of validated fixes for the fault ranked according to an estimate of their suitability. In an extensive experimental evaluation, we applied AutoFix to over 200 faults in four code bases of different maturity and quality (of implementation and of contracts). AutoFix successfully fixed 42% of the faults, producing, in the majority of cases, corrections of quality comparable to those competent programmers would write; the used computational resources were modest, with an average time per fix below 20 minutes on commodity hardware. These figures compare favorably to the state of the art in automated program fixing, and demonstrate that the AutoFix approach is successfully applicable to reduce the debugging burden in real-world scenarios.
description: Minor changes after proofreading
Proposal for a phase-coherent thermoelectric transistor
Creators: name: Giazotto, F.
name: Robinson, J. W. A.
name: Moodera, J. S.
name: Bergeret, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identifying materials and devices which offer efficient thermoelectric effects at low temperature is a major obstacle for the development of thermal management strategies for low-temperature electronic systems. Superconductors cannot offer a solution since their near perfect electron-hole symmetry leads to a negligible thermoelectric response; however, here we demonstrate theoretically a superconducting thermoelectric transistor which offers unparalleled figures of merit of up to $\sim 45$ and Seebeck coefficients as large as a few mV/K at sub-Kelvin temperatures. The device is also phase-tunable meaning its thermoelectric response for power generation can be precisely controlled with a small magnetic field. Our concept is based on a superconductor-normal metal-superconductor interferometer in which the normal metal weak-link is tunnel coupled to a ferromagnetic insulator and a Zeeman split superconductor. Upon application of an external magnetic flux, the interferometer enables phase-coherent manipulation of thermoelectric properties whilst offering efficiencies which approach the Carnot limit.
description: 4.5 pages, 4 color figures, rebuttal version of the manuscript
CostNet: An End-to-End Framework for Goal-Directed Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Andersen, Per-Arne
name: Goodwin, Morten
name: Granmo, Ole-Christoffer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a general framework concerned with an agent that seeks to maximize rewards in an environment. The learning typically happens through trial and error using explorative methods, such as epsilon-greedy. There are two approaches, model-based and model-free reinforcement learning, that show concrete results in several disciplines. Model-based RL learns a model of the environment for learning the policy while model-free approaches are fully explorative and exploitative without considering the underlying environment dynamics. Model-free RL works conceptually well in simulated environments, and empirical evidence suggests that trial and error lead to a near-optimal behavior with enough training. On the other hand, model-based RL aims to be sample efficient, and studies show that it requires far less training in the real environment for learning a good policy. A significant challenge with RL is that it relies on a well-defined reward function to work well for complex environments and such a reward function is challenging to define. Goal-Directed RL is an alternative method that learns an intrinsic reward function with emphasis on a few explored trajectories that reveals the path to the goal state. This paper introduces a novel reinforcement learning algorithm for predicting the distance between two states in a Markov Decision Process. The learned distance function works as an intrinsic reward that fuels the agent's learning. Using the distance-metric as a reward, we show that the algorithm performs comparably to model-free RL while having significantly better sample-efficiently in several test environments.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, In Proceedings of the International Conference on Innovative Techniques and Applications of Artificial Intelligence, SGAI2020
Cancellation of Infrared divergences to all orders in LFQED
Creators: name: More, Jai D.
name: Misra, Anuradha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent state approach has been proposed as an alternate way to deal with the true infrared divergences in light front field theory. We show that infrared divergences in fermion mass renormalization are eliminated to all orders in light front time ordered perturbation theory if one uses coherent state basis instead of the usual Fock basis to calculate the Hamiltonian matrix elements.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
title: Μελέτη και επισκόπηση ευφυών ψηφιακών εικονικών περιηγήσεων: τεχνολογίες και εφαρμογές
title: Study and overview of intelligent digital virtual tours: technologies and applications
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Κυριακούλη, Θεοδώρα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Εικονική περιήγηση
Εικονική πραγματικότητα
Επαυξημένη πραγματικότητα
Πλοήγηση
Τρισδιάστατη απεικόνιση
Τρισδιάστατη απόδοση
Αλληλεπίδραση
360ο

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία πραγματοποιήθηκε στα πλαίσια του Μεταπτυχιακού Προγράμματος «Προηγμένες Τεχνολογίες Υπολογιστικών Συστημάτων» στο Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής στην Ελλάδα. Πολλά άρθρα και έρευνες στη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία έχουν δείξει πως οι καθηλωτικές τεχνολογίες VR/AR/MR είναι ένα επαναστατικό στοιχείο στον 21ο αιώνα και μια από τις πιο σημαντικές μορφές των καθηλωτικών αυτών τεχνολογιών είναι οι εικονικές περιηγήσεις. Οι εικονικές περιηγήσεις αποτελούν τη ψηφιακή λύση που επιτρέπει στον οποιοδήποτε μέσω μιας υπολογιστικής συσκευής να εξερευνήσει μια τοποθεσία, ένα χώρο ή μια περιοχή χωρίς τη φυσική του παρουσία αλλά αποτελούν και ένα ισχυρό μέσο μάρκετινγκ για επιχειρήσεις, εταιρείες, δημόσιους και ιδιωτικούς οργανισμούς επιτυγχάνοντας αύξηση της αναγνωρισιμότητα της επωνυμία και των κερδών τους. Ο σκοπός αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι να συλλάβει την έννοια της εικονικής περιήγησης και να εξετάσει μέσα από την μελέτη και την επισκόπηση των εικονικών περιηγήσεων τα θεωρητικά και πρακτικά οφέλη των καθηλωτικών τεχνολογιών και των εφαρμογών τους σε διάφορους τομείς της βιομηχανικής ή οικονομικής δραστηριότητας αλλά και της καθημερινότητας του ανθρώπου παγκοσμίως.
Immediate origin of the Moon as a post-impact satellite
Creators: name: Kegerreis, Jacob A.
name: Ruiz-Bonilla, Sergio
name: Eke, Vincent R.
name: Massey, Richard J.
name: Sandnes, Thomas D.
name: Teodoro, Luís F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Moon is traditionally thought to have coalesced from the debris ejected by a giant impact onto the early Earth. However, such models struggle to explain the similar isotopic compositions of Earth and lunar rocks at the same time as the system's angular momentum, and the details of potential impact scenarios are hotly debated. Above a high resolution threshold for simulations, we find that giant impacts can immediately place a satellite with similar mass and iron content to the Moon into orbit far outside the Earth's Roche limit. Even satellites that initially pass within the Roche limit can reliably and predictably survive, by being partially stripped then torqued onto wider, stable orbits. Furthermore, the outer layers of these directly formed satellites are molten over cooler interiors and are composed of around 60% proto-Earth material. This could alleviate the tension between the Moon's Earth-like isotopic composition and the different signature expected for the impactor. Immediate formation opens up new options for the Moon's early orbit and evolution, including the possibility of a highly tilted orbit to explain the lunar inclination, and offers a simpler, single-stage scenario for the origin of the Moon.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, published in ApJL. Animations available at https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGnGqCiYLWvYN992mBkBnhg/
Summary of the First Workshop on Sustainable Software for Science: Practice and Experiences (WSSSPE1)
Creators: name: Katz, Daniel S.
name: Choi, Sou-Cheng T.
name: Lapp, Hilmar
name: Maheshwari, Ketan
name: Löffler, Frank
name: Turk, Matthew
name: Hanwell, Marcus D.
name: Wilkins-Diehr, Nancy
name: Hetherington, James
name: Howison, James
name: Swenson, Shel
name: Allen, Gabrielle D.
name: Elster, Anne C.
name: Berriman, Bruce
name: Venters, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Challenges related to development, deployment, and maintenance of reusable software for science are becoming a growing concern. Many scientists' research increasingly depends on the quality and availability of software upon which their works are built. To highlight some of these issues and share experiences, the First Workshop on Sustainable Software for Science: Practice and Experiences (WSSSPE1) was held in November 2013 in conjunction with the SC13 Conference. The workshop featured keynote presentations and a large number (54) of solicited extended abstracts that were grouped into three themes and presented via panels. A set of collaborative notes of the presentations and discussion was taken during the workshop. Unique perspectives were captured about issues such as comprehensive documentation, development and deployment practices, software licenses and career paths for developers. Attribution systems that account for evidence of software contribution and impact were also discussed. These include mechanisms such as Digital Object Identifiers, publication of "software papers", and the use of online systems, for example source code repositories like GitHub. This paper summarizes the issues and shared experiences that were discussed, including cross-cutting issues and use cases. It joins a nascent literature seeking to understand what drives software work in science, and how it is impacted by the reward systems of science. These incentives can determine the extent to which developers are motivated to build software for the long-term, for the use of others, and whether to work collaboratively or separately. It also explores community building, leadership, and dynamics in relation to successful scientific software.
description: Journal of Open Research Software, 2014
title: Προϋποθέσεις ανάπτυξης εναλλακτικών μορφών τουρισμού στην περιφερειακή ενότητα Πρεβέζης
title: Prerequisites for the development of alternative forms of tourism in the regional unit of Preveza
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Δημοπούλου, Άγγελική
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Πρέβεζα
Εναλλακτικός τουρισμός
Αυτοδιοίκηση
Διαφήμιση
Συνεργασία
Ανάπτυξη

description: Η Πρέβεζα είναι η μικρότερη περιφερειακή ενότητα της Ηπείρου όσον αφορά την έκταση (1.036 τετραγωνικά χιλιόμετρα) με πληθυσμό 62.769 κατοίκους (https://www.atpreveza.gr) και 3.862 εγγεραμμένους ανέργους (https://www.php.gov.gr) σύμφωνα με στοιχεία του ΟΑΕΔ για το 2019 και υψηλό δείκτη ανεργίας (19,84%). Μία απάντηση στο πρόβλημα της ανεργίας αποτελεί η ανάπτυξη του τουριστικού κλάδου. Η περιφερειακή ενότητα Πρεβέζης έχει πλούσια οικοσυστήματα με προστατευόμενες περιοχές Natura (πχ. Αμβρακικός κόλπος, λίμνη Ζηρού και ποταμός Αχέροντας). Επίσης διαθέτει σημαντικούς αρχαιολογικούς χώρους και ιστορικά μνημεία, καθώς και πλούσια ακτογραμμή. Όλα αυτά τα στοιχεία σε συνδυασμό με τη ζεστή φιλοξενία έχουν συνδράμει στην ανάπτυξη διάφορων εναλλακτικών μορφών τουρισμού, όπως ο πολιτιστικός, ο θαλάσσιος, ο αθλητικός τουρισμός και ο αγροτουρισμός. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να διερευνηθούν οι προϋποθέσεις ανάπτυξης του εναλλακτικού τουρισμού στην περιφερειακή ενότητα Πρεβέζης. Για την επίτευξη του σκοπού αυτού, χρησιμοποιήθηκαν άρθρα, βιβλία, ηλεκτρονικές πηγές σχετικές με το θέμα και πραγματοποιήθηκαν είκοσι συνεντεύξεις σε άτομα πληροφορητές σχετικά με τον εναλλακτικό τουρισμό στην περιφερειακή ενότητα Πρεβέζης. Αδιαμφισβήτητη είναι η ανάπτυξη που έχουν βιώσει οι περιφερειακές ενότητες με εναλλακτικό τουρισμό. Όμως, στην περίπτωση της περιφερειακής ενότητας Πρεβέζης υπάρχουν κάποια σημεία που πρέπει να ληφθούν υπόψη από το δήμο και την περιφέρεια. Αυτά είναι η πολύ περιορισμένη διαφήμιση της ΠΕ Πρεβέζης, η λανθασμένη ή και ανύπαρκτη προβολή του πολιτιστικού στοιχείου, η κατά τόπους άναρχη δόμηση, η μη προστασία του φυσικού περιβάλλοντος και τέλος η ανάπτυξη που δεν έχει πραγματοποιηθεί με τον ίδιο βαθμό σε όλη την περιφερειακή ενότητα. Η ΠΕ Πρεβέζης διαθέτει όλες τις προϋποθέσεις για να αναπτύξει πολλούς τύπους εναλλακτικού τουρισμού και την ίδια στιγμή να ενισχύσει αναπτυξιακά τις ήδη υφιστάμενες μορφές. Μέσα από τη συνεργασία δημόσιων και ιδιωτικών φορέων και μια στοχευμένη προβολή της ΠΕ Πρεβέζης, ο προορισμός θα γίνει γνωστός σε όλο τον κόσμο και το παρεχόμενο τουριστικό προϊόν θα αναβαθμιστεί.