cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Heterotic Models from Vector Bundles on Toric Calabi-Yau Manifolds
Creators: name: He, Yang-Hui
name: Lee, Seung-Joo
name: Lukas, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically approach the construction of heterotic E_8 X E_8 Calabi-Yau models, based on compact Calabi-Yau three-folds arising from toric geometry and vector bundles on these manifolds. We focus on a simple class of 101 such three-folds with smooth ambient spaces, on which we perform an exhaustive scan and find all positive monad bundles with SU(N), N=3,4,5 structure groups, subject to the heterotic anomaly cancellation constraint. We find that anomaly-free positive monads exist on only 11 of these toric three-folds with a total number of bundles of about 2000. Only 21 of these models, all of them on three-folds realizable as hypersurfaces in products of projective spaces, allow for three families of quarks and leptons. We also perform a preliminary scan over the much larger class of semi-positive monads which leads to about 44000 bundles with 280 of them satisfying the three-family constraint. These 280 models provide a starting point for heterotic model building based on toric three-folds.
description: 41 pages, 5 figures. A table modified and a table added
The reliability and stability of an inferred phylogenetic tree from empirical data
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: phylogenetic trees
reliability
stability
subtrees
bootstrap probability
MHC class II beta chain genes
computer program RESTA

description: © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. The reliability of a phylogenetic tree obtained from empirical data is usually measured by the bootstrap probability (Pb) of interior branches of the tree. If the bootstrap probability is high for most branches, the tree is considered to be reliable. If some interior branches show relatively low bootstrap probabilities, we are not sure that the inferred tree is really reliable. Here, we propose another quantity measuring the reliability of the tree called the stability of a subtree. This quantity refers to the probability of obtaining a subtree (Ps) of an inferred tree obtained. We then show that if the tree is to be reliable, both Pb and Ps must be high. We also show that Ps is given by a bootstrap probability of the subtree with the closest outgroup sequence, and computer program RESTA for computing the Pb and Ps values will be presented.
A new method of determining the efficiency of towed plankton samplers
Creators: name: Gilfillan, Edward Smith
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In recent years interest has increased concerning the accuracy with which collections made with plankton samplers describe the size and species composition of zooplanktonic communities. The indications are that errors arising from the avoidance of sampling devices by zooplankton may be important, especially when precise data are required. A model is proposed to describe the processes by which zooplanktonic organisms escape or avoid a sampler in terms of the radius of the mouth of the sampler, the speed at which it is towed, the effective speed the organisms can attain in order to escape, and the distance at which the organisms can detect the sampler. The model is capable of being fitted to field data to provide a curve of percentage catch plotted against speed of towing. The results presented indicate that the model gives a good representation of the processes of biological escapement. Implications of the results are embodied in recommendations respecting the design of plankton samplers.
Stochastic classical field model for polariton condensates
Creators: name: Wouters, Michiel
name: Savona, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the truncated Wigner approximation to derive stochastic classical field equations for the description of polariton condensates. Our equations are shown to reduce to the Boltzmann equation in the limit of low polariton density. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to analyze the momentum distribution and the first and second order coherence when the particle density is varied across the condensation threshold.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
The lowest volume 3–orbifolds with high torsion
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: math.GT
57M50, 57M60, 57R18

description: © 2017 by the authors. For each natural number n ≥ 4, we determine the unique lowest volume hyperbolic 3–orbifold whose torsion orders are bounded below by n. This lowest volume orbifold has base space the 3–sphere and singular locus the figure–8 knot, marked n. We apply this result to give sharp lower bounds on the volume of a hyperbolic manifold in terms of the order of elements in its symmetry group.
The CCAMLR ecosystem approach to the management of marine harvesting
Creators: name: Johanson, JM
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The conservation processes known collectively as the /ecosystem approach' to the management of ocean harvesting were initiated by the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Resources (CCAMLR). The expectation of large-scale harvesting in the Southern Ocean of a major prey species, Antarctic krill, prompted the inclusion in the CCAMLR Convention of mechanisms to regulate harvesting such that the needs of species within the Southern Ocean ecosystem were taken into account as well as those of harvesters. Signed in 1980, it is often claimed that CCAMLR was the first conservation-centred convention. It has set a pattern for benign harvesting practices worldwide. The CCAMLR model of fishery management is critically examined in this study in order to determine whether and in what ways it is useful in the living resource management of the Southern Ocean and possibly in other regimes in the world. The question of whether it has been successful or not is a complex one that cannot be answered simply by 'yes' or 'no'. The question is therefore divided into several sub-questions, which are addressed in eight chapters. Legal, political and biological aspects of marine harvesting in the Southern Ocean are identified. Pre-existing international law relating to the Southern Ocean is examined to ascertain attitudes to conservation of species and ecosystems. It is argued that attitudes of the Antarctic Treaty parties towards the conservation of the Antarctic regions and their biota facilitated the development of ecosystem paradigms and enabled them to conclude a convention. The three central chapters of the thesis analyse the implementation of the ecosystem standard. This was a slow and difficult process, beset as it was with lack of information, p olitical dissent between parties within the Antarctic Treaty and pressures from outside. Work was undertaken to enhance the knowledge of Southern Ocean ecosystems to lend validity to advice used in making decisions on harvesting levels. It was difficult to keep pace with concurrent changes in harvesting patterns. Nonetheless, progress made in implementation of ecosystem standards in the Southern Ocean began gradually to influence ocean harvesting regimes elsewhere in the world. It is argued that changes in international law concerning state responsibility on the high seas will be required before ecosystem approaches to living resource management can become fully effective. Several alternative schemas for ocean management combining ecosystem considerations and enforcement methods are therefore proposed. The inseparable dual aims of these will be to ensure a reliable supply of protein for human use while maintaining or restoring as far as possible the integrity of ocean ecosystems.
Soil Nutrient Detection for Precision Agriculture Using Handheld Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Multivariate Regression Methods (PLSR, Lasso and GPR)
Creators: name: Erler, Alexander
name: Riebe, Daniel
name: Beitz, Toralf
name: Löhmannsröben, Hans-Gerd
name: Gebbers, Robin
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Gaussian processes
subject: Lasso
subject: LIBS
subject: Nutrients
subject: PLS regression
subject: Precision agriculture
subject: Soil
subject: 620

description: Precision agriculture (PA) strongly relies on spatially differentiated sensor information. Handheld instruments based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) are a promising sensor technique for the in-field determination of various soil parameters. In this work, the potential of handheld LIBS for the determination of the total mass fractions of the major nutrients Ca, K, Mg, N, P and the trace nutrients Mn, Fe was evaluated. Additionally, other soil parameters, such as humus content, soil pH value and plant available P content, were determined. Since the quantification of nutrients by LIBS depends strongly on the soil matrix, various multivariate regression methods were used for calibration and prediction. These include partial least squares regression (PLSR), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (Lasso), and Gaussian process regression (GPR). The best prediction results were obtained for Ca, K, Mg and Fe. The coefficients of determination obtained for other nutrients were smaller. This is due to much lower concentrations in the case of Mn, while the low number of lines and very weak intensities are the reason for the deviation of N and P. Soil parameters that are not directly related to one element, such as pH, could also be predicted. Lasso and GPR yielded slightly better results than PLSR. Additionally, several methods of data pretreatment were investigated.
Study of a zirconium getter for purification of xenon gas
Creators: name: Dobi, A.
name: Leonard, D. S.
name: Hall, C.
name: Kaufman, L.
name: Langford, T.
name: Slutsky, S.
name: Yen, Y. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oxygen, nitrogen and methane purification efficiencies for a common zirconium getter are measured in 1050 Torr of xenon gas. Starting with impurity concentrations near 10^{-6} g/g, the outlet impurity level is found to be less than 120*10^{-12} g/g for O2 and less than 950*10^{-12} g/g for N2. For methane we find residual contamination of the purified gas at concentrations varying over three orders of magnitude, depending on the purifier temperature and the gas flow rate. A slight reduction in the purifier's methane efficiency is observed after 13 mg of this impurity has been absorbed, which we attribute to partial exhaustion of the purifier's capacity for this species. We also find that the purifier's ability to absorb N2 and methane can be extinguished long before any decrease in O2 performance is observed, and slower flow rates should be employed for xenon purification due to the cooling effect that the heavy gas has on the getter.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
The geometry of purely loxodromic subgroups of right-angled artin groups
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Right-angled Artin group
extension graph
convex cocompact sub-group
loxodromic isometry

description: © 2017 American Mathematical Society. We prove that finitely generated purely loxodromic subgroups of a right-angled Artin group A(Γ) fulfill equivalent conditions that parallel characterizations of convex cocompactness in mapping class groups Mod(S). In particular, such subgroups are quasiconvex in A(Γ). In addition, we identify a milder condition for a finitely generated subgroup of A(Γ) that guarantees it is free, undistorted, and retains finite generation when intersected with A(Λ) for subgraphs Λ of Γ. These results have applications to both the study of convex cocompactness in Mod(S) and the way in which certain groups can embed in right-angled Artin groups.
Reconstruction of Complex Network based on the Noise via QR Decomposition and Compressed Sensing
Creators: name: Li, L.
name: Xu, D.
name: Peng, H.
name: Kurths, J.
name: Yang, Y.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: decomposition
subject: intermethod comparison
subject: noise
subject: 530

description: It is generally known that the states of network nodes are stable and have strong correlations in a linear network system. We find that without the control input, the method of compressed sensing can not succeed in reconstructing complex networks in which the states of nodes are generated through the linear network system. However, noise can drive the dynamics between nodes to break the stability of the system state. Therefore, a new method integrating QR decomposition and compressed sensing is proposed to solve the reconstruction problem of complex networks under the assistance of the input noise. The state matrix of the system is decomposed by QR decomposition. We construct the measurement matrix with the aid of Gaussian noise so that the sparse input matrix can be reconstructed by compressed sensing. We also discover that noise can build a bridge between the dynamics and the topological structure. Experiments are presented to show that the proposed method is more accurate and more efficient to reconstruct four model networks and six real networks by the comparisons between the proposed method and only compressed sensing. In addition, the proposed method can reconstruct not only the sparse complex networks, but also the dense complex networks.
A heralded two-qutrit entangled state
Creators: name: Joo, Jaewoo
name: Rudolph, Terry
name: Sanders, Barry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme for building a heralded two-qutrit entangled state from polarized photons. An optical circuit is presented to build the maximally entangled two-qutrit state from two heralded Bell pairs and ideal threshold detectors. Several schemes are discussed for constructing the two Bell pairs. We also show how one can produce an unbalanced two-qutrit state that could be of general purpose use in some protocols. In terms of applications of the maximally entangled qutrit state, we mainly focus on how to use the state to demonstrate a violation of the Collins-Gisin-Linden-Massar-Popescu inequality under the restriction of measurements which can be performed using linear optical elements and photon counting. Other possible applications of the state, such as for higher dimensional quantum cryptography, teleportation, and generation of heralded two-qudit states are also briefly discussed.
description: accepted in Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
Anisotropic Thermal Conduction and the Cooling Flow Problem in Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Parrish, Ian J.
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: Sharma, Prateek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the long-standing cooling flow problem in galaxy clusters with 3D MHD simulations of isolated clusters including radiative cooling and anisotropic thermal conduction along magnetic field lines. The central regions of the intracluster medium (ICM) can have cooling timescales of ~200 Myr or shorter--in order to prevent a cooling catastrophe the ICM must be heated by some mechanism such as AGN feedback or thermal conduction from the thermal reservoir at large radii. The cores of galaxy clusters are linearly unstable to the heat-flux-driven buoyancy instability (HBI), which significantly changes the thermodynamics of the cluster core. The HBI is a convective, buoyancy-driven instability that rearranges the magnetic field to be preferentially perpendicular to the temperature gradient. For a wide range of parameters, our simulations demonstrate that in the presence of the HBI, the effective radial thermal conductivity is reduced to less than 10% of the full Spitzer conductivity. With this suppression of conductive heating, the cooling catastrophe occurs on a timescale comparable to the central cooling time of the cluster. Thermal conduction alone is thus unlikely to stabilize clusters with low central entropies and short central cooling timescales. High central entropy clusters have sufficiently long cooling times that conduction can help stave off the cooling catastrophe for cosmologically interesting timescales.
description: Submitted to ApJ, 14 pages, 14 figures
Targeted multidrug delivery system to overcome chemoresistance in breast cancer
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: immunoliposome
targeted drug delivery
xenograft mouse tumor model
combination therapy
multidrug resistance

description: © 2017 Tang et al. Chemotherapy has been widely used in breast cancer patients to reduce tumor size. However, most anticancer agents cannot differentiate between cancerous and normal cells, resulting in severe systemic toxicity. In addition, acquired drug resistance during the chemotherapy treatment further decreases treatment efficacy. With the proper treatment strategy, nanodrug carriers, such as liposomes/immunoliposomes, may be able to reduce undesired side effects of chemotherapy, to overcome the acquired multidrug resistance, and to further improve the treatment efficacy. In this study, a novel combinational targeted drug delivery system was developed by encapsulating antiangiogenesis drug bevacizumab into liposomes and encapsulating chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX) into immunoliposomes where the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody was used as a targeting ligand. This novel combinational system was tested in vitro using a HER2 positive and multidrug resistant breast cancer cell line (BT-474/MDR), and in vivo using a xenograft mouse tumor model. In vitro cell culture experiments show that immunoliposome delivery led to a high cell nucleus accumulation of DOX, whereas free DOX was observed mostly near the cell membrane and in cytoplasm due to the action of P-gp. Combining liposomal bevacizumab with immunoliposomal DOX achieved the best tumor growth inhibition and the lowest toxicity. Tumor size decreased steadily within a 60-day observation period indicating a potential synergistic effect between DOX and bevacizumab through the targeted delivery. Our findings clearly indicate that tumor growth was significantly delayed in the combinational liposomal drug delivery group. This novel combinational therapy has great potential for the treatment of patients with HER2/MDR double positive breast cancer.
Comparison of Calibration Approaches in Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Proximal Soil Sensing in Precision Agriculture
Creators: name: Riebe, Daniel
name: Erler, Alexander
name: Brinkmann, Pia
name: Beitz, Toralf
name: Löhmannsröben, Hans-Gerd
name: Gebbers, Robin
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Elemental composition
subject: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
subject: LIBS
subject: Proximal soil sensing
subject: Soil nutrients
subject: 620

description: The lack of soil data, which are relevant, reliable, affordable, immediately available, and sufficiently detailed, is still a significant challenge in precision agriculture. A promising technology for the spatial assessment of the distribution of chemical elements within fields, without sample preparation is laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Its advantages are contrasted by a strong matrix dependence of the LIBS signal which necessitates careful data evaluation. In this work, different calibration approaches for soil LIBS data are presented. The data were obtained from 139 soil samples collected on two neighboring agricultural fields in a quaternary landscape of northeast Germany with very variable soils. Reference analysis was carried out by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy after wet digestion. The major nutrients Ca and Mg and the minor nutrient Fe were investigated. Three calibration strategies were compared. The first method was based on univariate calibration by standard addition using just one soil sample and applying the derived calibration model to the LIBS data of both fields. The second univariate model derived the calibration from the reference analytics of all samples from one field. The prediction is validated by LIBS data of the second field. The third method is a multivariate calibration approach based on partial least squares regression (PLSR). The LIBS spectra of the first field are used for training. Validation was carried out by 20-fold cross-validation using the LIBS data of the first field and independently on the second field data. The second univariate method yielded better calibration and prediction results compared to the first method, since matrix effects were better accounted for. PLSR did not strongly improve the prediction in comparison to the second univariate method.
title: Small Changes for a Big Impact: A Review of Small Teaching Online: Applying Learning Science in Online Classrooms by Flower Darby
Creators: name: Gossard, Julia M
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: A review of Flower Darby’s 2019 Small Teaching Online: Applying Learning Science in Online Classrooms. This article provides a narrative review of Darby’s work and the “small teaching approach,” focusing on the practical skills that Darby provides for the online classroom. Comments are gleaned from the author and two learning circles (one sponsored by USU and another independent) on the book.
Forgotten Vanguard: Informal Diplomacy and the Rise of United States-China Trade, 1972-1980
Creators: name: Talley, Christian
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: The trading relationship between the United States and China, though now robust, was a recent and hardly inevitable development. Political animosity stemming from the Korean War and America's subsequent strategic embargo of China broke off economic and cultural ties. Following two decades of China's international isolation, as the United States sought to realign the geopolitical order in the 1970s, Washington began to engineer a restoration of its relationship with China. Diplomatic historians have carefully documented the formal and governmental intrigues of Nixon, Kissinger, Mao, and Zhou Enlai. As this book shows, a vigorous reconstruction of bilateral ties was unfolding simultaneously at the level of informal diplomacy, especially in the realm of US-China trade.\u000a\u000aCentral to understanding the renewal of bilateral commerce is the National Council for United States-China Trade, an organization that, although nongovernmental, was established in 1973 with Washington's encouragement and oversight. The Council organized major American corporations not only to engage in commercial exchanges with China, but also to function as a diplomatic backchannel between Washington and Beijing before the two nations restored formal relations in 1979. Using the Council to historicize the entangling of the American and Chinese economies, _Forgotten Vanguard_ not only reveals globalization's contingent path but also exposes the hidden importance of informal trade diplomacy in building the modern US-China relationship. \u000a\u000aThis book will appeal to those with an interest in Cold War history, international relations, and the history of American diplomacy, with particular emphases on informal diplomacy and the modern history of the US-China economic relationship.
Orographic gradients in climate and forest cover at the Cordillera Yanachaga, Peru
Creators: name: Catchpole, DJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The Cordillera Yanachaga is a semi-isolated Andean range protruding into the Peruvian Amazon that houses an important area of montane cloud forests on both windward and leeward slopes. Despite the importance of these forests for biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services for nearby populations, their orographic variation in climate and forest ecology had not been previously described. Climatic and forest parameters were studied along an orographic gradient consisting of three sites, a windward slope forest at 2400 masl, a ridge forest on the mountain pass at 2800 masl and a leeward slope forest at 2400 masl. Common climatic measurements and visibility were recorded from canopy towers within 1-ha vegetation sampling plots, from which environmental data and taxonomic, foliage and structural characters of all stems ‚Äöv¢‚Ä¢5 cm DBH were collected. Despite its orographic location, the leeward forest received marginally less rainfall than the ridge forest and considerably more rainfall that the windward forest. The temperature variation found was attributed to altitude and an afternoon Foehn effect, while the orographic variation in PPFD was very strongly correlated to fog frequency. The ridge and windward forests showed higher canopy fog immersion (c. 75%) and a higher frequency of simultaneous rain and fog events, while the leeward forest showed less fog immersion (c. 20%) and higher rain frequency. The ridge and windward forests were affected principally by easterly air masses, while the leeward forest showed signs of localized phenomena originating from the Oxapampa valley to the west. The leeward forest displayed more climatic variation and larger parameter ranges, which were reflected in greater species richness, basal area, canopy height, foliage area and leaf size. Floristic associations within plots reflected sheltered and exposed regions. Forests at all the sites had stem densities and basal areas at the lower end of those recorded in other regions. At the leeward site, light and moderate fog events generally displayed diurnal temperatures and PPFD more similar to clear sky events than to rain events, reflecting the warm clear upper atmosphere conditions under which they form. Dense fog events tended to mimic microclimatic conditions during rainfall events, albeit with higher PPFD. In addition to the very strong correlation between fog frequency and PPFD, PPFD also correlated very strongly with total arboreal foliage area, suggesting as possible relationship through limitations on the development canopy substrata. While the mechanism for such a relationship remains unclear, the observations contribute to the existing theory that the effect of fog frequency on light conditions is one of the major drivers of variation in tropical montane forest productivity.
title: Using Online Genres to Promote Students’ Audience Awareness
Creators: name: Taylor, Elena
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Writing assignments that students complete in university courses are typically designed for evaluation and grading by the instructor, who, therefore, acts as the sole reader of student written work. However, most written genres students would--and do--encounter in the world beyond the classroom are composed for diverse audiences who influence writers’ text construction considerably. Because most students will be likely to write for multiple audiences as part of their career or future academic endeavors, it is crucial for them to develop a sense of audience awareness as an indispensable rhetorical concept that shapes composing processes. Writing online presents a great opportunity to expose students to various genres that promote their interaction with real audiences, thus contributing to their writing development. The purpose of the current article is to describe several online genres that could be introduced in the classroom to develop students’ sense of audience consideration. These genres include product reviews, blogs, instructional articles, and travel guides.
Suppressive role exerted by microRNA-29b-1-5p in triple negative breast cancer through SPIN1 regulation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: MiR-29b-1
triple-negative breast cancer
cancer stem cells
SPIN1
Wnt/beta-catenin and Akt signaling pathways

description: MiR-29 family dysregulation occurs in various cancers including breast cancers. We investigated miR-29b-1 functional role in human triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) the most aggressive breast cancer subtype. We found that miR-29b-1-5p was downregulated in human TNBC tissues and cell lines. To assess whether miR-29b-1-5p correlated with TNBC regenerative potential, we evaluated cancer stem cell enrichment in our TNBC cell lines, and found that only MDA-MB-231 and BT-20 produced primary, secondary and tertiary mammospheres, which were progressively enriched in OCT4, NANOG and SOX2 stemness genes. MiR-29b-1-5p expression inversely correlated with mammosphere stemness potential, and miR-29b-1 ectopic overexpression decreased TNBC cell growth, self-renewal, migration, invasiveness and paclitaxel resistance repressing WNT/βcatenin and AKT signaling pathways and stemness regulators. We identified SPINDLIN1 (SPIN1) among predicted miR-29b-1-5p targets. Consistently, SPIN1 was overexpressed in most TNBC tissues and cell lines and negatively correlated with miR-29b-1-5p. Target site inhibition showed that SPIN1 seems to be directly controlled by miR-29b-1-5p. Silencing SPIN1 mirrored the effects triggered by miR- 29b-1 overexpression, whereas SPIN1 rescue by SPIN1miScript protector, determined the reversal of the molecular effects produced by the mimic-miR-29b-1-5p. Overall, we show that miR-29b-1 deregulation impacts on multiple oncogenic features of TNBC cells and their renewal potential, acting, at least partly, through SPIN1, and suggest that both these factors should be evaluated as new possible therapeutic targets against TNBC.
Third post-Newtonian angular momentum flux and the secular evolution of orbital elements for inspiralling compact binaries in quasi-elliptical orbits
Creators: name: Arun, K. G.
name: Blanchet, Luc
name: Iyer, Bala R.
name: Sinha, Siddhartha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The angular momentum flux from an inspiralling binary system of compact objects moving in quasi-elliptical orbits is computed at the third post-Newtonian (3PN) order using the multipolar post-Minkowskian wave generation formalism. The 3PN angular momentum flux involves the instantaneous, tail, and tail-of-tails contributions as for the 3PN energy flux, and in addition a contribution due to non-linear memory. We average the angular momentum flux over the binary's orbit using the 3PN quasi-Keplerian representation of elliptical orbits. The averaged angular momentum flux provides the final input needed for gravitational wave phasing of binaries moving in quasi-elliptical orbits. We obtain the evolution of orbital elements under 3PN gravitational radiation reaction in the quasi-elliptic case. For small eccentricities, we give simpler limiting expressions relevant for phasing up to order $e^2$. This work is important for the construction of templates for quasi-eccentric binaries, and for the comparison of post-Newtonian results with the numerical relativity simulations of the plunge and merger of eccentric binaries.
description: 62 pages, 18 figures, matches with the published version
Social and Genetic Networks of HIV-1 Transmission in New York City
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Adult
subject: Algorithms
subject: Contact Tracing
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Female
subject: Genotype
subject: HIV Infections
subject: HIV-1
subject: Homosexuality, Male
subject: Humans
subject: Male
subject: New York City
subject: Public Health
subject: Risk
subject: Sexual Behavior
subject: Sexual Partners
subject: Sexually Transmitted Diseases

description: © 2017 Wertheim et al. Background: Sexually transmitted infections spread across contact networks. Partner elicitation and notification are commonly used public health tools to identify, notify, and offer testing to persons linked in these contact networks. For HIV-1, a rapidly evolving pathogen with low per-contact transmission rates, viral genetic sequences are an additional source of data that can be used to infer or refine transmission networks. Methods and Findings: The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene interviews individuals newly diagnosed with HIV and elicits names of sexual and injection drug using partners. By law, the Department of Health also receives HIV sequences when these individuals enter healthcare and their physicians order resistance testing. Our study used both HIV sequence and partner naming data from 1342 HIV-infected persons in New York City between 2006 and 2012 to infer and compare sexual/drug-use named partner and genetic transmission networks. Using these networks, we determined a range of genetic distance thresholds suitable for identifying potential transmission partners. In 48% of cases, named partners were infected with genetically closely related viruses, compatible with but not necessarily representing or implying, direct transmission. Partner pairs linked through the genetic similarity of their HIV sequences were also linked by naming in 53% of cases. Persons who reported high-risk heterosexual contact were more likely to name at least one partner with a genetically similar virus than those reporting their risk as injection drug use or men who have sex with men. Conclusions: We analyzed an unprecedentedly large and detailed partner tracing and HIV sequence dataset and determined an empirically justified range of genetic distance thresholds for identifying potential transmission partners. We conclude that genetic linkage provides more reliable evidence for identifying potential transmission partners than partner naming, highlighting the importance and complementarity of both epidemiological and molecular genetic surveillance for characterizing regional HIV-1 epidemics.
title: Designing and Implementing a Land-Grant Faculty-to-Student Mentoring Program: Addressing Shortcomings in Academic Mentoring
Creators: name: Law, David D.
name: Busenbark, Don
name: Hales, Kim K.
name: Taylor, James Y.
name: Spears, Jeff
name: Harris, Andy
name: Lewis, Hannah M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Mentoring programs at universities have become common because of the perceived benefit to student persistence and retention. Evaluation of the effectiveness of these programs has not kept pace, primarily due to the following three problematic issues: (1) lack of theoretical guidance, (2) lack of an operational definition of mentoring, and (3) lack of methodological rigor. This article describes the evolution of a regional Faculty-to-Student Mentoring program into a statewide program, and how it addressed each of these three problematic issues. Using logic modeling, the intimate connections between theory, operational definitions, and sound methodology are made explicit, thereby addressing many of the shortcomings of previous mentoring programs. By addressing these shortcomings, universities can better evaluate if mentoring programs should be part of the overall strategic plan to help students be successful.
title: A Study of Incarcerated Youth: The Effect of Student Interest on Reading Comprehension and Engagement
Creators: name: Weaver, Joanna C.
name: Mutti, Grace E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Motivating adolescents to read can be a challenge, but motivating incarcerated adolescents to read may be even more of a challenge. Developing readers in residential facilities are often overlooked by traditional classroom teachers, but much can be learned from incarcerated youth and their motivation and engagement. Unfortunately, there is a shortage of research on effective instructional reading practices that motivate and engage incarcerated youth. The existing research primarily examines the impact of literacy on recidivism instead of strategies for motivating and engaging students who are incarcerated. Numerous studies exist that focus on motivation and engagement of reading in traditional classrooms, but these studies are limited when focused on students from the classrooms in juvenile residential centers. This qualitative study examines the influence of high-interest materials on the comprehension of incarcerated youth and the effect of student dispositions on reading engagement. While there was no obvious correlation between high-interest materials and student comprehension scores, the results of the study suggest that mentor/student rapport, vulnerability, high-interest materials, self-efficacy, and value placed on reading all factor into student motivation and engagement.
title: The Missing Course: An Introduction to College Teaching for Graduate Instructors
Creators: name: Cuthbert, Jocelyn M
name: Rogowski, Aubrey
name: Vakula, Michael N
name: Aguilar, Juliana
name: Kesler, Kenna
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: A book review of David Gooblar’s book, The Missing Course: Everything they Never Taught You About College Teaching.
Radiotherapy prolongs the survival of advanced non-smallcell lung cancer patients undergone to an immune-modulating treatment with dose-fractioned cisplatin and metronomic etoposide and bevacizumab (mPEBev)
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: immune-modulation
radiation therapy
metronomic chemotherapy
NSCLC
retrospective analysis

description: © Pastina et al. Radiotherapy (RT), together with a direct cytolytic effect on tumor tissue, also elicits systemic immunological events, which sometimes result in the regression of distant metastases (abscopal effect). We have shown the safety and anti-tumor activity of a novel metronomic chemotherapy (mCH) regimen with dose-fractioned cisplatin, oral etoposide and bevacizumab, a mAb against the vasculo-endothelial-growthfactor (mPEBev regimen), in metastatic non-small-cell-lung cancer (mNSCLC). This regimen, designed on the results of translational studies, showed immune-modulating effects that could trigger and empower the immunological effects associated with tumor irradiation. In order to assess this, we carried out a retrospective analysis in a subset of 69 consecutive patients who received the mPEBev regimen within the BEVA2007 trial. Forty-five of these patients, also received palliative RT of one or more metastatic sites. Statistical analysis (a Log-rank test) revealed a much longer median survival in the group of patients who received RT [mCH vs mCH + RT: 12.1 +/-2.5 (95%CI 3.35-8.6) vs 22.12 +/-4.3 (95%CI 11.9-26.087) months; P=0.015] with no difference in progression-free survival. In particular, their survival correlated with the mPEBev regimen ability to induce the percentage of activated dendritic cells (DCs) (CD3-CD11b+CD15-CD83+CD80+) [Fold to baseline value (FBV) ≤1 vs > 1: 4+/-5.389 (95%CI,0-14.56) vs 56+/-23.05 (95%CI,10.8-101.2) months; P:0.049)] and central-memory-T-cells (CD3+CD8+CD45RA-CCR7+) [FBV ≤1 vs > 1: 8+/-5.96 (95%CI,0-19.68) vs 31+/-12.3 (95%CI,6.94-55.1) months; P:0.045].
Kinetic performance potential of different column formats and separation modes for liquid chromatography
Creators: name: Causon, TJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis deals with theoretical and experimental studies on optimisation of separation systems performed using liquid chromatography. The two major themes of work were improving the quality of separations by maximising efficiency with respect to the analysis time (kinetic performance) and by using temperature as an experimental variable. These themes were explored for a range of separation modes and column formats utilised in liquid chromatography. Included in this thesis is a review of the principles and practices of kinetic performance optimisation for liquid chromatography. Detailed concepts covered in this thesis are introduced and future directions for chromatographic supports discussed. The role of elevated temperatures (up to 160¬¨‚àûC) for practical and performance benefits for organic polymer monolithic stationary phases is examined for typical biomolecule applications. Temperature variation, particularly rapid temperature pulsing, during the separation process is examined using ion-exchange and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography modes with capillary columns and a resistively heated column module. The current performance limitations for the analysis of small anions by ion-exchange chromatography are explored. Additional in silico data are used to transform experimental isocratic data to gradient performance predictions for any normalised ramp rate and physicochemical conditions. Examples of high efficiency (25,000-40,000 theoretical plates) and sample peak capacity (n\\(_c\\) = 84) were realised and closely matched predicted values. A theoretical study of the open tubular column format for liquid chromatography with a thick, porous layer of stationary phase shows the potential of this column format to improve chromatographic performance with a trade-off for mass loadability. It can be shown that total column diameters should be less than 6 ˜í¬¿m with column lengths typically greater than 0.8 m for N values in the range of 125,000‚Äö-500,000 at a maximum pressure of 400 bar. Elevated temperature LC (90¬¨‚àûC) is also shown to increase the allowable total column diameter to up to 9 ˜í¬¿m for a larger range of N values (100,000‚Äö-880,000).
Pathological Role of Peptidyl-Prolyl Isomerase Pin1 in the Disruption of Synaptic Plasticity in Alzheimer's Disease
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Alzheimer Disease
Amyloid beta-Peptides
Animals
Brain
Cells, Cultured
Dendritic Spines
Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein
Humans
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice, Knockout
Mice, Transgenic
NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase
Nerve Tissue Proteins
Neuronal Plasticity
Phosphorylation
Post-Synaptic Density
Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
Ubiquitin
tau Proteins

description: © 2017 Lingyan Xu et al. Synaptic loss is the structural basis for memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). While the underlying pathological mechanism remains elusive, it is known that misfolded proteins accumulate as β-Amyloid (Aβ) plaques and hyperphosphorylated Tau tangles decades before the onset of clinical disease. The loss of Pin1 facilitates the formation of these misfolded proteins in AD. Pin1 protein controls cell-cycle progression and determines the fate of proteins by the ubiquitin proteasome system. The activity of the ubiquitin proteasome system directly affects the functional and structural plasticity of the synapse. We localized Pin1 to dendritic rafts and postsynaptic density (PSD) and found the pathological loss of Pin1 within the synapses of AD brain cortical tissues. The loss of Pin1 activity may alter the ubiquitin-regulated modification of PSD proteins and decrease levels of Shank protein, resulting in aberrant synaptic structure. The loss of Pin1 activity, induced by oxidative stress, may also render neurons more susceptible to the toxicity of oligomers of Aβ and to excitation, thereby inhibiting NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic plasticity and exacerbating NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic degeneration. These results suggest that loss of Pin1 activity could lead to the loss of synaptic plasticity in the development of AD.
NOS2 expression in glioma cell lines and glioma primary cell cultures: Correlation with neurosphere generation and SOX-2 expression
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: glioma
primary cultures
cancer stem cell
NOS2
SOX-2

description: Nitric oxide has been implicated in biology and progression of glioblastoma (GBM) being able to influence the cellular signal depending on the concentration and duration of cell exposure. NOS2 (inducible nitric oxide synthase) have been proposed as a component of molecular profile of several tumors, including glioma, one of the most aggressive primary brain tumor featuring local cancer stem cells responsible for enhanced resistance to therapies and for tumor recurrence. Here, we investigated the NOS2 mRNA expression by reverse transcription-PCR in human glioma primary cultures at several grade of malignancy and glioma stem cell (GSC) derived neurospheres. Glioma cell lines were used as positive controls both in terms of stemness marker expression that of capacity of generating neurospheres. NOS2 expression was detected at basal levels in cell lines and primary cultures and appeared significantly up-regulated in cultures kept in the specific medium for neurospheres. The immunofluorescence analysis of all cell cultures to evaluate the levels of SOX-2, a stemness marker aberrantly up-regulated in GBM, was also performed. The potential correlation between NOS2 expression and ability to generate neurospheres and between NOS2 and SOX-2 levels was also verified. The results show that the higher NOS2 expression is detected in all primary cultures able to arise neurosphere. A high and significant correlation between NOS2 expression and SOX-2 positive cells (%) in all cell cultures maintained in standard conditions has been observed. The results shed light on the potential relevance of NOS2 as a prognostic factor for glioma malignancy and recurrence.
(+)-{1,2-Bis[(2R,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-phospho-lan-1-yl]ethane- κ2 P,P′}(η4-cyclo-octa-1,5-diene) rhodium(I) tetra-fluorido-borate
Creators: name: Schulz, S.
name: Drexler, H.-J.
name: Heller, D.
Publisher: name: Chester : International Union of Crystallography
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crystal structure
subject: Chemistry
subject: Crystallography
subject: 540

description: The title compound, [Rh(C8H12)(C14H 28P2)]BF4, exhibits a rhodium(I) complex cation with a bidentate bis-phosphine ligand and a bidentate η2, η2-coordinated cyclo-octa-1,5-diene. Together the ligands create a slightly distorted square-planar cordination environment for the Rh(I) atom. There are three mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit and intra-molecular P - Rh - P bite angles of 82.78 (5), 82.97 (6) and 83.09 (5)° are observed. The dihedral angles between the P - Rh - P and the X - Rh - X planes (X is the centroid of a double bond) are 14.7 (1), 14.8 (1) and 15.3 (1)°. The structure exhibits disorder of one cyclo-octa-diene ligand as well as one BF4 anion.
High-resolution net load forecasting for micro-neighbourhoods with high penetration of renewable energy sources
Creators: name: Kobylinski, P.
name: Wierzbowski, M.
name: Piotrowski, K.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial neural networks
subject: Autocorrelation
subject: Dynamical system
subject: Electrical energy
subject: Forecasting
subject: Fractal dimension
subject: Smart grids
subject: Solar Energy
subject: 620

description: Though extensive, the literature on electrical load forecasting lacks reports on studies focused on existing residential micro-neighbourhoods comprising small numbers of single-family houses equipped with solar panels. This paper provides a full description of an ANN-based model designed to predict short-term high-resolution (15-min intervals) micro-scale residential net load profiles. Since it seems especially relevant due to the specificity of local autocorrelations in load signal, in this paper we put stress on the systematic approach to feature selection in the context of lagged signal. We performed a case study of a real micro-neighbourhood comprising only 75 single-family houses. The obtained average prediction error was equivalent to 5.4 per cent of the maximal measured net load. The issues, i.e.: (1) the feasibility of micro-scale residential load forecasting taking into account renewable energy penetration, (2) the feasibility to predict net load with dense temporal resolution of 15 min, (3) the feature selection problem, (4) the proposed prosumption- and comparison-oriented prediction model key performance measure, could be of interest to engineers designing energy balancing systems for local smart grids. © 2019 The Authors