cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The random transiter - EPIC 249706694/HD 139139
Creators: name: Cochran, W.
name: Masuda, K.
name: Dai, F.
name: Schwengeler, H.M.
name: Vanderburg, A.
name: Jacobs, T.L.
name: Mann, A.
name: Barentsen, G.
name: LaCourse, D.
name: Endl, M.
name: Rappaport, S.
name: Bieryla, A.
name: Dittmann, J.
name: Kristiansen, M.H.
name: Hedges, C.L.
name: Latham, D.W.
name: Jenkins, J.M.
name: Terentev, I.A.
name: Omohundro, M.R.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019

description: We have identified a star, EPIC 249706694 (HD 139139), that was observed during K2 Campaign 15 with the Kepler extended mission that appears to exhibit 28 transit-like events over the course of the 87-d observation. The unusual aspect of these dips, all but two of which have depths of 200 ± 80 ppm, is that they exhibit no periodicity, and their arrival times could just as well have been produced by a random number generator. We show that no more than four of the events can be part of a periodic sequence. We have done a number of data quality tests to ascertain that these dips are of astrophysical origin, and while we cannot be absolutely certain that this is so, they have all the hallmarks of astrophysical variability on one of two possible host stars (a likely bound pair) in the photometric aperture. We explore a number of ideas for the origin of these dips, including actual planet transits due to multiple or dust emitting planets, anomalously large TTVs, S- and P-type transits in binary systems, a collection of dust-emitting asteroids, 'dipper-star' activity, and short-lived starspots. All transit scenarios that we have been able to conjure up appear to fail, while the intrinsic stellar variability hypothesis would be novel and untested.
An absence of binary companions to Wolf-Rayet stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud: implications for mass loss and black hole masses at low metallicity
Creators: name: Schootemeijer, A.
name: Shenar, T.
name: Langer, N.
name: Grin, N.
name: Sana, H.
name: Schürmann, G. Gräfener C.
name: Wang, C.
name: Xu, X. -T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to predict the black hole mass distributions at high redshift, we need to understand whether very massive single stars ($M>40$ M$_\odot$) at low metallicity $Z$ lose their hydrogen-rich envelopes, like their metal-rich counterparts, or whether a binary companion is required to achieve this. To test this, we undertake a deep spectroscopic search for binary companions of the seven apparently single Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC; $Z \simeq 1/5 Z_\odot$). For each of them, we acquired six high-quality VLT-UVES spectra spread over 1.5 years. By using the narrow N V lines in these spectra, we monitor radial velocity (RV) variations to search for binary motion. We find low RV variations between 6 and 23 km/s for the seven WR stars, with a median standard deviation of $5$ km/s. Our Monte Carlo simulations imply probabilities below ~5% for any of our target WR stars to have a binary companion more massive than ~5 M$_\odot$ at orbital periods of less than a year. We estimate that the probability that all our target WR stars have companions with orbital periods shorter than 10 yr is below ~10$^{-5}$, and argue that the observed modest RV variations may originate from intrinsic atmosphere or wind variability. Our findings imply that metal-poor massive stars born with $M \gtrsim 40$ M$_\odot$ can lose most of their hydrogen-rich envelopes via stellar winds or eruptive mass loss, which strongly constrains their initial mass - black hole mass relation. We also identify two of our seven target stars (SMC AB1 and SMC AB11) as runaway stars with a peculiar radial velocity of ~80 km/s. Moreover, with all five previously detected WR binaries in the SMC exhibiting orbital periods of below 20 d, a puzzling absence of intermediate-to-long-period WR binaries has emerged, with strong implications for the outcome of massive binary interaction at low metallicity.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ficus Deltoidea Leaves Extracts - Promising Therapeutic Agent for Oral Candidiasis and Denture Stomatitis
Creators: name: Ahmad, Vivi Noryati
name: Nurhayati Muhammad Zain
name: Indah Mohd Amin
name: Fazleen Zulzaidi
name: Jafri, Mimi Syafiqa Ahmad
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110499 Complementary and Alternative Medicine not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110502 Dental Therapeutics, Pharmacology and Toxicology
subject: 110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified

description: Abstract. The aims of this study are to investigate antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of Ficus
deltoidea (F. deltoidea) leaves extract against Candida albicans (C. albicans). Methods: The antifungal
activity was evaluated using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal
concentration (MFC). The potential of F. deltoidea leaves extract as antibiofilm agent was evaluated using
biofilm inhibition assay and biofilm eradication assay. Chlorhexidine 0.12% (CHX) was used as a positive
control. Each experiment was performed in triplicate and repeated four times independently. All the data
obtained were analysed using SPSS version 23. Statistical significance measured using Kruskal Wallis test
and post-hoc Mann Whitney test which presented as means ±SD with P value <0.001. Results: F. deltoidea
extract showed antifungal activity against C. albicans with MIC and MFC, 50mg/ml and 100mg/ml
respectively. The extract exhibited inhibitory effect on candida biofilm formation (69.5%). The preformed
biofilm was significantly dispersed by extract upon 5 minutes treatment with eradication percentages
66.63%. The biofilm inhibition and biofilm eradication percentages for positive control CHX 0.12% were
43.0% and 58.97% respectively. Conclusion: Results of this study suggest the potential of F. deltoidea
leaves extract as preventative and therapeutic agents against candida biofilm-related infections such as oral
candidiasis and denture stomatitis.
Efficacy of Hospital Germicides against Adenovirus 8, a Common Cause of Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis in Health Care Facilities
Creators: name: Weber, D. J.
name: Rutala, W. A.
name: Peacock, J. E.
name: Sobsey, M. D.
name: Gergen, M. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The inactivation of virus-contaminated nonporous inanimate surfaces was investigated using adenovirus type 8, a common cause of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. A 10-μl inoculum of adenovirus was placed onto each stainless steel disk (1-cm diameter), and the inoculum was allowed to air dry for 40 min. Twenty-one different germicides (including disinfectants and antiseptics) were selected for this study based on their current uses in health care. After a 1- or 5-minute exposure to 50 μl of the germicide, the virus-germicide test mixture was neutralized and assayed for infectivity. Using an efficacy criterion of a 3-log10 reduction in the titer of virus infectivity and regardless of the virus suspending medium (i.e., hard water, sterile water, and hard water with 5% fetal calf serum), only five disinfectants proved to be effective against the test virus at 1 min: 0.55% ortho-phthalaldehyde, 2.4% glutaraldehyde, 2.65% glutaraldehyde, ∼6,000 ppm chlorine, and ∼1,900 ppm chlorine. Four other disinfectants showed effectiveness under four of the five testing conditions: 70% ethanol, 65% ethanol with 0.63% quaternary ammonium compound, 79.6% ethanol with 0.1% quaternary ammonium compound, and 0.2% peracetic acid. Of the germicides suitable for use as an antiseptic, 70% ethanol achieved a 3-log10 reduction under four of the five test conditions. These results emphasize the need for proper selection of germicides for use in disinfecting noncritical surfaces and semicritical medical devices, such as applanation tonometers, in order to prevent outbreaks of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis.
Estimating True Antimalarial Efficacy by Heteroduplex Tracking Assay in Patients with Complex Plasmodium falciparum Infections
Creators: name: Alker, A. P.
name: Wenink, E. C.
name: Chaponda, M.
name: Kalilani, L. V.
name: Meshnick, S. R.
name: Kwiek, J. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Heteroduplex tracking assays (HTAs) of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 block-2 were used to assess complexity of infection and treatment efficacy in a trial of three antimalarial treatments in 141 Malawian pregnant women. An elevated complexity of infection (COI) was associated with anemia, parasite burden, and human immunodeficiency virus infection but was not associated with age or gravidity. Comparisons of HTA patterns before and after treatment allowed the classification of 20 of 30 (66%) recurrent episodes as either definite treatment failures or reinfections. An elevated COI was strongly associated with treatment failure (P = 0.003). An algorithm was developed to assign a probability of failure for the 10 indeterminate participants, some of whose infections shared a single variant of high prevalence (>10%). By summing these probabilities, treatment efficacy was estimated.
The little dippers: Transits of star-grazing exocomets?
Creators: name: Jacobs, T.L.
name: Vanderburg, A.
name: Kennedy, G.M.
name: Hedges, C.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Gaidos, E.
name: Ansdell, M.
name: Hirano, T.
name: Kenworthy, M.
name: Frasca, A.
name: LaCourse, D.M.
name: Manara, C.F.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019

description: We describe EPIC 205718330 and EPIC 235240266, two systems identified in the K2 data whose light curves contain episodic drops in brightness with shapes and durations similar to those of the young ‘dipper’ stars, yet shallower by ∼1–2 orders of magnitude. These ‘little dippers’ have diverse profile shapes with durations of 0.5–1.0 d and depths of 0.1–1.0 per cent in flux; however, unlike most of the young dipper stars, these do not exhibit any detectable infrared excess indicative of protoplanetary discs, and our ground-based follow-up spectra lack any signatures of youth while indicating that these objects are kinematically old. After ruling out instrumental and/or data processing artefacts as sources of the dimming events, we investigate possible astrophysical mechanisms based on the light curve and stellar properties. We argue that the little dippers are consistent with transits of star-grazing exocomets, and speculate that they are signposts of massive non-transiting exoplanets driving the close-approach orbits.
Inhaled Large Porous Particles of Capreomycin for Treatment of Tuberculosis in a Guinea Pig Model
Creators: name: Hickey, A. J.
name: Telko, M. J.
name: Hawi, A.
name: Thomas, M.
name: Fiegel, J.
name: Edwards, D.
name: VerBerkmoes, J.
name: Garcia-Contreras, L.
name: Elbert, K.
name: Germishuizen, W. A.
name: Fourie, P. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Capreomycin is used for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), but it is limited therapeutically by its severe side effects. The objectives of the present studies were (i) to design low-density porous capreomycin sulfate particles for efficient pulmonary delivery to improve local and systemic drug bioavailability and capacity to reduce the bacillary load in the lungs in a manner similar to that achieved with intramuscular injections; (ii) to determine pharmacokinetic parameters after pulmonary administration of these capreomycin particles; and (iii) to evaluate the efficacy of these particles in treating animals in a small-aerosol-inoculum guinea pig model of TB. Capreomycin particles were manufactured by spray drying and characterized in terms of size and drug content. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by noncompartmental methods with healthy guinea pigs after administration of capreomycin particles by insufflation. The efficacy of the particles was evaluated by histopathological analysis and in terms of wet organ weight and bacterial burden in TB-infected animals. Lungs of animals receiving a 14.5-mg/kg dose of capreomycin particles showed significantly lower wet weights and smaller bacterial burdens than those of animals receiving any other treatment. These results were supported by histopathological analysis. The feasibility of inhaling capreomycin in a novel powder form, with the ultimate objective of the treatment of MDR-TB, is demonstrated by pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies with guinea pigs. If applied to humans with MDR-TB, such a therapeutic approach might simplify drug delivery by eliminating injections and might reduce adverse effects through lowering the dose.
Deep long asymmetric occultation in EPIC 204376071
Creators: name: Newton, E.
name: Terentev, I.A.
name: Irwin, J.
name: Rappaport, S.
name: LaCourse, D.
name: Kristiansen, M.H.
name: Zhou, G.
name: Schwengeler, H.M.
name: Omohundro, M.R.
name: Oláh, K.
name: Bieryla, A.
name: Bouma, L.G.
name: Jacobs, T.L.
name: Vanderburg, A.
name: Soares-Furtado, M.
name: Ireland, M.J.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Latham, D.W.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019

description: We have discovered a young M star of mass 0.16 M and radius 0.63 R, likely in the Upper Sco Association, that exhibits only a single 80 per cent deep occultation of 1-d duration. The star has frequent flares and a low-amplitude rotational modulation, but is otherwise quiet over 160 d of cumulative observation during K2 campaigns C2 and C15. We discuss how such a deep eclipse is not possible by one star crossing another in any binary or higher order stellar system in which no mass transfer has occurred. The two possible explanations we are left with are (1) orbiting dust or small particles (e.g. a disc bound to a smaller orbiting body, or unbound dust that emanates from such a body); or (2) a transient accretion event of dusty material near the corotation radius of the star. In either case, the time between such occultation events must be longer than ∼80 d. We model a possible orbiting occulter both as a uniform elliptically shaped surface (e.g. an inclined circular disc) and as a 'dust sheet' with a gradient of optical depth behind its leading edge. The required masses in such dust features are then 3 × 1019 g and 1019 g, for the two cases, respectively.
The Effect of Alginate Concentration on the Elastic and Viscoelastic Properties of Alginate Hydrogel for Tissue Engineering Applications
Creators: Sharma, Nitin. K.
Gharraei, Reza
Johnston, James D.
Chen, Daniel X. B.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference Abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.
Tail-scope: Using friends to estimate heavy tails of degree distributions in large-scale complex networks
Creators: name: Eom, Young-Ho
name: Jo, Hang-Hyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many complex networks in natural and social phenomena have often been characterized by heavy-tailed degree distributions. However, due to rapidly growing size of network data and concerns on privacy issues about using these data, it becomes more difficult to analyze complete data sets. Thus, it is crucial to devise effective and efficient estimation methods for heavy tails of degree distributions in large-scale networks only using local information of a small fraction of sampled nodes. Here we propose a tail-scope method based on local observational bias of the friendship paradox. We show that the tail-scope method outperforms the uniform node sampling for estimating heavy tails of degree distributions, while the opposite tendency is observed in the range of small degrees. In order to take advantages of both sampling methods, we devise the hybrid method that successfully recovers the whole range of degree distributions. Our tail-scope method shows how structural heterogeneities of large-scale complex networks can be used to effectively reveal the network structure only with limited local information.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates with Reduced Susceptibility to Cefixime and Ceftriaxone: Association with Genetic Polymorphisms in penA, mtrR, porB1b, and ponA
Creators: name: Unemo, M.
name: Fredlund, H.
name: Lindberg, R.
name: Nicholas, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The recent emergence and transmission of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates with reduced susceptibility to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins such as cefixime and ceftriaxone have been reported. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of different polymorphisms in the penA, mtrR, porB1b (penB), and ponA genes of N. gonorrhoeae with reduced susceptibility to cefixime and ceftriaxone. Eighteen gonococcal isolates with reduced cefixime and ceftriaxone susceptibility (Cefi) and two susceptible isolates were characterized using serovar determination, antibiograms, N. gonorrhoeae multiantigen sequence typing (NG-MAST), and sequencing of penA, mtrR, porB1b, and ponA alleles. For the Cefi isolates (n = 18), the MICs of cefixime and ceftriaxone ranged between 0.032 to 0.38 μg/ml and 0.064 to 0.125 μg/ml, respectively. These isolates were assigned five different serovars and six divergent NG-MAST sequence types. Eleven isolates (61%) with higher MICs of cefixime and ceftriaxone contained a nearly identical penA mosaic allele and previously described polymorphisms in mtrR (a single nucleotide [A] deletion in the promoter), penB (mutations in porB1b encoding loop 3 of PorB1b), and ponA (ponA1 polymorphism). The remaining seven Cefi isolates (39%), which had somewhat lower MICs of cefixime and ceftriaxone, contained an aspartic acid insertion (Asp-345a) in PBP 2 in conjunction with alterations of 4 to 10 amino acid residues in the C-terminal region of the transpeptidase domain of penA. In conclusion, an unambiguous association between penA mosaic alleles, in conjunction with genetic polymorphisms in mtrR, porB1b, and ponA, and greater reduced susceptibility to cefixime and ceftriaxone was identified.
Mentalisieren im heilpädagogischen Kontext. Bedeutung des Mentalisierens bei Kindern im Alter von 4 bis 7 Jahren mit Autismus und geistiger Behinderung.
Creators: name: Wanner, Susanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Masterarbeit
Mentalisieren
geistige Behinderung
Autismus-Spektrum-Störung

description: Mentalisieren beschreibt die Fähigkeit, dem eigenen Handeln und dem Verhalten anderer eine besondere Bedeutung zu geben. Obwohl das Konzept in der Psychoanalyse gut erforscht ist, hat es sich im heilpädagogischen Kontext noch nicht etabliert.
Die vorliegende Masterarbeit erforscht die Bedeutung des Mentalisierens im heilpädagogischen Kontext und konzentriert sich dabei auf Kinder mit Autismus und geistiger Behinderung. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, herauszufinden, wie sich dieser Ansatz auf die Kinder auswirkt und welche Bedeutung er für ihre Entwicklung hat.
Die Arbeit basiert auf einem hermeneutischen Zugang und untersucht zunächst das Konzept der Mentalisierungsfähigkeit. Dabei werden die dazugehörigen Bezugstheorien und das epistemische Vertrauen behandelt. Anschliessend werden Verbindungen zwischen dem Mentalisieren und der frühkindlichen Entwicklung hergestellt. Darauf aufbauend werden mentalisierende Ausführungen in Zusammenhang mit Autismus und geistiger Behinderung sowie deren Lebenswelt konkretisiert.
Zum Abschluss der Arbeit wird die Fragestellung beantwortet und die Ergebnisse der Literaturrecherche werden zusammengefasst. Es wird gezeigt, dass mit dem Konzept des Mentalisierens ein grosses und bisher oft ungenutztes Potenzial für Kinder mit Autismus und geistiger Behinderung besteht. Ist eine mentalisierende Haltung in den Schulsystemen verankert, entstehen nicht nur anerkennende und vertrauensvolle Beziehungen zwischen Kindern und Lehrpersonen, sondern auch gute Lernbedingungen. Ein mentalisierendes Verständnis fördert stabile und individuelle Entwicklungen, die zu einer Erweiterung der gesellschaftlichen Teilhabemöglichkeiten führen und negative Verhaltensweisen abschwächen.
Ciência Aberta & Periódicos Acadêmicos
Creators: name: Oliveira Jr, Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Open Science
subject: Journals
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Apresentação para o Fórum de Editores da Anpoll 16 de setembro de 2022
The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List
Creators: name: Winn, J.N.
name: Oelkers, R.J.
name: Ge, J.
name: Shiao, B.
name: Fleming, S.W.
name: Stassun, K.G.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Narita, N.
name: Rose, M.E.
name: Plavchan, P.
name: Paegert, M.
name: Torres, G.
name: Lissauer, J.J.
name: Barclay, T.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Tenenbaum, P.
name: Collins, K.
name: Ting, E.B.
name: Ricker, G.R.
name: Pepper, J.
name: Lee, N.D.
name: Bean, J.L.
name: Latham, D.W.
name: Stello, D.
name: Kane, S.R.
name: Muirhead, P.S.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Sasselov, D.
name: Brassuer, C.E.
name: Seager, S.
name: Chittidi, J.
name: Charbonneau, D.
name: McLean, B.
name: Rojas-Ayala, B.
name: Mullally, S.
name: Wallace, G.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2019

description: We describe the catalogs assembled and the algorithms used to populate the revised TESS Input Catalog (TIC), based on the incorporation of the Gaia second data release. We also describe a revised ranking system for prioritizing stars for 2 minute cadence observations, and we assemble a revised Candidate Target List (CTL) using that ranking. The TIC is available on the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes server, and an enhanced CTL is available through the Filtergraph data visualization portal system at http://filtergraph.vanderbilt.edu/tess_ctl.
Outbreaks Associated with Contaminated Antiseptics and Disinfectants
Creators: name: Rutala, W. A.
name: Sickbert-Bennett, E. E.
name: Weber, D. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has estimated that health care-associated infections account for an estimated 1.7 million infections, 99,000 deaths, and $4.5 billion in excess health care costs annually (16). The key interventions used to control health care-associated infections include sur- veillance (27, 33), isolation of patients with communicable diseases (26) or multidrug-resistant pathogens (81), proper skin antisepsis prior to invasive procedures and hand hygiene by health care workers (12), and appropriate disinfection and sterilization of medical devices and environmental surfaces (73, 75, 79). Multiple nosocomial outbreaks have resulted from inade- quate antisepsis or disinfection. Inadequate skin antisepsis may result from a lack of intrinsic antimicrobial activity of the antiseptic, a resistant pathogen, overdilution of the antiseptic, or the use of a contaminated antiseptic. The inadequate dis- infection of medical devices or environmental surfaces may result from a lack of intrinsic antimicrobial activity of the disinfectant, an incorrect choice of a disinfectant, a resistant pathogen, overdilution of the disinfectant, an inadequate du- ration of disinfection, a lack of contact between the disinfec- tant and the microbes, or the use of a contaminated disinfec- tant. Editorials have noted that contaminated antiseptics and disinfectants have been the occasional vehicles of hospital in- fections for more than 50 years (20, 72, 76). This paper con- cisely reviews nosocomial outbreaks associated with the use of a microbiologically contaminated germicide and focuses on the currently recommended germicides. DEFINITIONS A precise understanding of terminology is important to un- derstanding the uses of germicides in modern health care. Germicides are biocidal agents that inactivate microorganisms and include antiseptics, disinfectants, and preservatives. Anti- septics are antimicrobial substances that are applied to the skin or mucous membranes to reduce the microbial flora. Disinfec- tants are substances that are applied to inanimate objects to destroy harmful microorganisms, although they may not kill bacterial spores. Decontamination is a procedure that removes pathogenic microorganisms from objects so they are safe to handle, use, or discard. Finally, preservatives are incorporated into medications or fluids to prevent microbial growth. Ger- micides may become contaminated as a result of improper manufacturing techniques or during shipping (intrinsic con- tamination) or during manipulation or use within the health care facility (extrinsic contamination). Disinfectants are further categorized by their degree of ef- fectiveness (73, 75). The choice of disinfectant agent is based on the intended use of the patient care item (Table 1). MICROBIAL RESISTANCE TO GERMICIDES
What makes for effective detection proposals?
Creators: name: Hosang, Jan
name: Benenson, Rodrigo
name: Dollár, Piotr
name: Schiele, Bernt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current top performing object detectors employ detection proposals to guide the search for objects, thereby avoiding exhaustive sliding window search across images. Despite the popularity and widespread use of detection proposals, it is unclear which trade-offs are made when using them during object detection. We provide an in-depth analysis of twelve proposal methods along with four baselines regarding proposal repeatability, ground truth annotation recall on PASCAL, ImageNet, and MS COCO, and their impact on DPM, R-CNN, and Fast R-CNN detection performance. Our analysis shows that for object detection improving proposal localisation accuracy is as important as improving recall. We introduce a novel metric, the average recall (AR), which rewards both high recall and good localisation and correlates surprisingly well with detection performance. Our findings show common strengths and weaknesses of existing methods, and provide insights and metrics for selecting and tuning proposal methods.
description: TPAMI final version, duplicate proposals removed in experiments
CFC-11- Molecule of the Month June 2019 [Archived version]
Creators: name: Cotton, Simon
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This is the Molecule of the Month entry for June 2019 about CFC-11. It is a pdf archive version of the HTML webpage.
The Impact of Fixed Prosthodontic Education Kit on Patients’ Awareness and Knowledge in Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
Creators: name: Zulkifeli, Nik Rahayyu Nik
name: Mahmood, Nik Zarina Nik
name: Rosli, Nur Nabila
name: Siti Hajar Mohd
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110501 Dental Materials and Equipment
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110502 Dental Therapeutics, Pharmacology and Toxicology
subject: 110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified

description: Abstract. The study aims to develop Fixed Prosthodontic Education Kit(FPEK) to measure patients’ awareness and
knowledge on fixed prosthodontic treatment options. The patients’ knowledge in advantages and disadvantages of
each type of prosthesis was also evaluated. Methods. The study was divided into 2 parts: 1) Development of the kit,
2) Modification, validation and questionnaire distribution to patients. The kit comprises of various types of bridge
and crown in a rectangular box, flashcards and a video. In Part 2, a quantitative study using a modified and validated
self-administered questionnaire from previous studies. It was randomly distributed to 343 participants who later
were divided into 2 groups; Group 1, assisted with Fixed Prosthodontic Education Kit(FPEK) and verbal-assisted
Group 2. The participants were invited to answer a 5-points likert scale, nine items questionnaire with awareness and
knowledge domains. Data was recorded in SPSS version 25. An independent t-test was used for statistical analysis
with p <0.05. Result: No significant difference was found on the awareness of the fixed prosthodontics among the
groups prior to the introduction of the kit.Patient’s also has higher knowledge in advantages and disadvantages of
each type of prosthesis when analyzed using Independent t-test (p=0.00). Conclusion: A Fixed Prosthodontic
Education Kit is a useful education tool to provide knowledge and create awareness to patients. It facilitates dental
practitioners and provides higher impact in giving information before a decision-making of the treatment prescribed.
Materials and Instructions for the “Speed-Dating” Activity for Forming Small Groups
Creators: name: Sublett, Lisa
name: Johnston, Amanda
name: Seahorn, Christal
name: Walther, Christine
name: Moreno, Georgina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 130299 Curriculum and Pedagogy not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The “speed-dating” activity is a group formation strategy that allows groups to form based on similar topic interests and work styles. This time-efficient method provides a controlled technique for students to discuss topic interests in class. The total duration of the activity depends on the total number of students in the class and ranges from 45 minutes to 2 hours for classes. This activity is best suited for small classes (i.e., fewer than 40 students).
TDCOSMO. XVI. Measurement of the Hubble Constant from the Lensed Quasar WGD$\,$2038$-$4008
Creators: name: Wong, Kenneth C.
name: Dux, Frédéric
name: Shajib, Anowar J.
name: Suyu, Sherry H.
name: Millon, Martin
name: Mozumdar, Pritom
name: Wells, Patrick R.
name: Agnello, Adriano
name: Birrer, Simon
name: Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth J.
name: Courbin, Frédéric
name: Fassnacht, Christopher D.
name: Frieman, Joshua
name: Galan, Aymeric
name: Lin, Huan
name: Marshall, Philip J.
name: Poh, Jason
name: Schuldt, Stefan
name: Sluse, Dominique
name: Treu, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-delay cosmography is a powerful technique to constrain cosmological parameters, particularly the Hubble constant ($H_{0}$). The TDCOSMO collaboration is performing an ongoing analysis of lensed quasars to constrain cosmology using this method. In this work, we obtain constraints from the lensed quasar WGD 2038-4008 using new time-delay measurements and previous mass models by TDCOSMO. This is the first TDCOSMO lens to incorporate multiple lens modeling codes and the full time-delay covariance matrix into the cosmological inference. The models are fixed before the time delay is measured, and the analysis is performed blinded with respect to the cosmological parameters to prevent unconscious experimenter bias. We obtain $D_{Δt} = 1.68^{+0.40}_{-0.38}$ Gpc using two families of mass models, a power-law describing the total mass distribution, and a composite model of baryons and dark matter, although the composite model is disfavored due to kinematics constraints. In a flat $Λ$CDM cosmology, we constrain the Hubble constant to be $H_{0} = 65^{+23}_{-14}\, \rm km\ s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}$. The dominant source of uncertainty comes from the time delays, due to the low variability of the quasar. Future long-term monitoring, especially in the era of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time, could catch stronger quasar variability and further reduce the uncertainties. This system will be incorporated into an upcoming hierarchical analysis of the entire TDCOSMO sample, and improved time delays and spatially-resolved stellar kinematics could strengthen the constraints from this system in the future.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables; accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Stark effect in the nonuniform field and its influence on the fine structure of Rydberg blockade
Creators: name: Dumin, Yurii V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Splitting the energy levels of a hydrogen-like atom by the electric field nonuniform at the atomic scale is studied. This situation is important for the multi-level treatment of the phenomenon of Rydberg blockade [Yu.V. Dumin, J. Phys. B, v.47, p.175502 (2014)]. An explicit formula for the energy levels is derived. A typical value of the energy shift by the electric field gradient turns out to be proportional to the 4th power of the principal quantum number (i.e., the square of atomic size), as would be expected from a qualitative consideration. Finally, the fine spatial structure of the Rydberg blockade is analyzed when the electric-field-gradient term plays the dominant role, and the results are confronted with the experimental data.
description: LaTeX2e, iopart class, 14 pages, 2 EPS figures, accepted for publication in J. Phys. B; v2: text substantially extended, 1 figure added; v3: text substantially extended and subdivided, 1 figure and 7 references added; v4: misprints in Eq.(4) corrected
Roles of P-Glycoprotein, Bcrp, and Mrp2 in Biliary Excretion of Spiramycin in Mice
Creators: name: Tian, X.
name: Li, J.
name: Brouwer, K. L. R.
name: Patel, N. J.
name: Pollack, G. M.
name: Zhang, P.
name: Raub, T. J.
name: Bridges, A. S.
name: Zamek-Gliszczynski, M. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The multidrug resistance proteins P-glycoprotein (P-gp), breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp), and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2) are the three major canalicular transport proteins responsible for the biliary excretion of most drugs and metabolites. Previous in vitro studies demonstrated that P-gp transported macrolide antibiotics, including spiramycin, which is eliminated primarily by biliary excretion. Bcrp was proposed to be the primary pathway for spiramycin secretion into breast milk. In the present study, the contributions of P-gp, Bcrp, and Mrp2 to the biliary excretion of spiramycin were examined in single-pass perfused livers of male C57BL/6 wild-type, Bcrp-knockout, and Mrp2-knockout mice in the presence or absence of GF120918 (GW918), a P-gp and Bcrp inhibitor. Spiramycin was infused to achieve steady-state conditions, followed by a washout period, and parameters governing spiramycin hepatobiliary disposition were recovered by using pharmacokinetic modeling. In the absence of GW918, the rate constant governing spiramycin biliary excretion was decreased in Mrp2− knockout mice (0.0013 ± 0.0009 min−1) relative to wild-type mice (0.0124 ± 0.0096 min−1). These data are consistent with the ∼8-fold decrease in the recovery of spiramycin in the bile of Mrp2-knockout mice and suggest that Mrp2 is the major canalicular transport protein responsible for spiramycin biliary excretion. Interestingly, biliary recovery of spiramycin in Bcrp-knockout mice was increased in both the absence and presence of GW918 compared to wild-type mice. GW918 significantly decreased the rate constant for spiramycin biliary excretion and the rate constant for basolateral efflux of spiramycin. In conclusion, the biliary excretion of spiramycin in mice is mediated primarily by Mrp2 with a modest P-gp component.
Accidental Dark Matter: Case in the Scale Invariant Local $B-L$ Models
Creators: name: Guo, Jun
name: Kang, Zhaofeng
name: Ko, P.
name: Orikasa, Yuta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the idea of accidental dark matter (aDM) stability in the scale invariant local $U(1)_{B-L}$ model, which is a theory for neutrino and at the same time radiatively breaks scale invariance via quantum mechanical dynamics in the $U(1)_{B-L}$ sector. A real singlet scalar can be accidental DM with an accidental $Z_2$, by virtue of both extended symmetries. A $U(1)_{B-L}$ charged complex scalar can also be a viable accidental DM due to an accidental (or remanent) $Z_3$. They can reproduce correct relic density via the annihilations through the conventional Higgs portal or dark Higgs portal. The dark Higgs portal scenario is in tension with the LHC bound on $Z_{B-L}$, and only heavy DM of a few TeVs can have correct relic density. In particular, DM may trigger spontaneous breaking of scale Invariance (SISB). The situation is relaxed significantly in the $Z_3$ case due to the effective semi-annihilation mode and then light DM can be accommodated easily. In addition, the $Z_3$ model can accommodate the GeV scale $γ-$ray excess from the galactic center (GC) via semi-annihilation into pseudo Goldstone boson (PGSB). The best fit is achieved at a DM about 52 GeV, with annihilation cross section consistent with the thermal relic density. The invisible Higgs branching ratio is negligible because the Higgs portal quartic coupling is very small $λ_{hϕ} \lesssim 10^{-3}$.
description: Journal version, including more remarks in particular about the the condition for the accidental Z2 surviving; 29 pages
Feedback loop dependent charge density wave imaging by scanning tunneling spectroscopy
Creators: name: Scarfato, Alessandro
name: Pásztor, Árpád
name: Sun, Lihuan
name: Maggio-Aprile, Ivan
name: Pasquier, Vincent
name: Singar, Tejas Parasram
name: Ørsted, Andreas
name: Pushkarna, Ishita
name: Spera, Marcello
name: Giannini, Enrico
name: Renner, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy (STS) is a unique technique to probe the local density of states (LDOS) at the atomic scale by measuring the tunneling conductance between a sharp tip and a sample surface. However, the technique suffers of well-known limitations, the so-called set-point effect, which can potentially introduce artifacts in the measurements. We compare several STS imaging schemes applied to the LDOS modulations of the charge density wave state on atomically flat surfaces, and demonstrate that only constant-height STS is capable of mapping the intrinsic LDOS. In the constant-current STS, commonly used and easier-to-implement, the tip-sample distance variations imposed by the feedback loop result in set-point-dependent STS images and possibly mislead the identification of the CDW gap edges.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
RSV604, a Novel Inhibitor of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Replication
Creators: name: Chubb, A.
name: Kelsey, R. D.
name: Taylor, D.
name: Bithell, S. K.
name: Abbott, E.
name: Chapman, J.
name: Alber, D. G.
name: Luongo, C.
name: Collins, P. L.
name: Simmonds, M.
name: Cockerill, G. S.
name: Carter, M. C.
name: Dowdell, V. C. L.
name: Pickles, R. J.
name: Henderson, E. A.
name: Powell, K. L.
name: Wilson, L. J.
name: Najarro, P.
name: Chambers, P.
name: Baxter, R. C.
name: Tyms, S.
name: Keegan, S. J.
name: Lockyer, M. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections worldwide, yet no effective vaccine or antiviral treatment is available. Here we report the discovery and initial development of RSV604, a novel benzodiazepine with submicromolar anti-RSV activity. It proved to be equipotent against all clinical isolates tested of both the A and B subtypes of the virus. The compound has a low rate of in vitro resistance development. Sequencing revealed that the resistant virus had mutations within the nucleocapsid protein. This is a novel mechanism of action for anti-RSV compounds. In a three-dimensional human airway epithelial cell model, RSV604 was able to pass from the basolateral side of the epithelium effectively to inhibit virus replication after mucosal inoculation. RSV604, which is currently in phase II clinical trials, represents the first in a new class of RSV inhibitors and may have significant potential for the effective treatment of RSV disease.
Linking Friction with Mechanical Properties of Graphene Modulated by Supporting Substrates
Creators: Egberts, Philip
Xu, Chaochen
Aboolizadeh, Zahra
Gong, Peng
Chan, Nicholas
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference Abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.
A novel technique for the measurement of the electron neutrino cross section
Creators: name: Longhin, A.
name: Ludovici, L.
name: Terranova, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Absolute neutrino cross section measurements are presently limited by uncertainties on $ν$ fluxes. In this paper, we propose a technique that is based on the reconstruction of large angle positrons in the decay tunnel to identify three-body semileptonic $K^+ \rightarrow e^+ π^0 ν_e$ decays. This tagging facility operated in positron counting mode ("event count mode") can be employed to determine the absolute $ν_e$ flux at the neutrino detector with ${\cal O}(1\%)$ precision. Facilities operated in "event by event tag mode" i.e. tagged neutrino beams that exploit the time coincidence of the positron at source and the $ν_e$ interaction at the detector, are also discussed.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures. Version to appear in EPJC
Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Bevirimat (PA-457), a Novel Inhibitor of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Maturation, in Healthy Volunteers
Creators: name: Burgess, G. L.
name: Martin, D. E.
name: Blum, R.
name: Ballow, C.
name: Smith, P. C.
name: Galbraith, H.
name: Doto, J.
name: Wilton, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Bevirimat (BVM; formerly known as PA-457) is a novel inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) maturation that is being developed for the treatment of HIV infection. The pharmacokinetics of this agent in healthy male volunteers were studied in a randomized, double-blind study in which the participants received single oral doses of placebo (n = 8) or escalating doses of BVM at 25, 50, 100, or 250 mg (n = 6 per dose); escalation was performed only after the pharmacokinetics and safety of the preceding dose had been evaluated. Plasma was collected over 480 h after dosing and urine was collected over 48 h after dosing for determination of the values of pharmacokinetic parameters. BVM was well absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations being achieved 1 to 3 h after dosing. The half-life was 60 to 80 h. The exposure assessed by determination of the peak concentration and the area under the concentration-time curve was dose proportional. Single oral doses of BVM were well tolerated: there were no dose-limiting toxicities, and no serious adverse events were reported. These findings suggest that that BVM offers a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, with predictable pharmacokinetics following the oral administration of single doses. The long half-life of BVM may facilitate once-daily dosing.
Phenometrics of Canary Islands
Creators: name: Caparros-Santiago, Jose A.
name: Quesada-Ruiz, Lorenzo Carlos
name: Rodriguez-Galiano, Victor Francisco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 50206 Environmental Monitoring
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Phenometrics extracted from smoothed NDVI time-series (double logistic function) for Canary Islands: SOS (start of the growing season), EOS (end of the growing season) and LOS (length of the growing season).
Wolf 1130: A Nearby Triple System Containing a Cool, Ultramassive White Dwarf
Creators: name: Jaffe, D.
name: Mace, G.N.
name: Schneider, A.C.
name: Skiff, B.A.
name: Kidder, B.
name: Gosnell, N.M.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Sneden, C.
name: Prato, L.
name: Mulligan, B.W.
name: Kirkpatrick, J.D.
name: Kim, H.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2018

description: Following the discovery of the T8 subdwarf WISE J200520.38+542433.9 (Wolf 1130C), which has a proper motion in common with a binary (Wolf 1130AB) consisting of an M subdwarf and a white dwarf, we set out to learn more about the old binary in the system. We find that the A and B components of Wolf 1130 are tidally locked, which is revealed by the coherence of more than a year of V-band photometry phase-folded to the derived orbital period of 0.4967 days. Forty new high-resolution, near-infrared spectra obtained with the Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrometer provide radial velocities and a projected rotational velocity (v sin i) of 14.7 ±0.7 km s-1 for the M subdwarf. In tandem with a Gaia parallax-derived radius and verified tidal locking, we calculate an inclination of i =29° ±2°. From the single-lined orbital solution and the inclination we derive an absolute mass for the unseen primary (1.24-0.15+0.19 Mo). Its non-detection between 0.2 and 2.5 μm implies that it is an old (>3.7 Gyr) and cool (T eff < 7000 K) ONe white dwarf. This is the first ultramassive white dwarf within 25 pc. The evolution of Wolf 1130AB into a cataclysmic variable is inevitable, making it a potential SN Ia progenitor. The formation of a triple system with a primary mass >100 times the tertiary mass and the survival of the system through the common-envelope phase, where ∼80% of the system mass was lost, is remarkable. Our analysis of Wolf 1130 allows us to infer its formation and evolutionary history, which has unique implications for understanding low-mass star and brown dwarf formation around intermediate-mass stars.
The use of context in resolving syntactic ambiguity: structural and semantic influences
Creators: name: Bousquet, Kathryn
name: Swaab, Tamara Y.
name: Long, Debra L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Verb bias facilitates parsing of temporarily ambiguous sentences, but it is unclear when and how comprehenders use probabilistic knowledge about the combinatorial properties of verbs in context. In a self-paced reading experiment, participants read direct object/sentential complement sentences. Reading time in the critical region was investigated as a function of three forms of bias: structural bias (the frequency with which a verb appears in direct object/sentential complement sentences), lexical bias (the simple co-occurrence of verbs and other lexical items), and global bias (obtained from norming data about the use of verbs with specific noun phrases). For reading times at the critical word, structural bias was the only reliable predictor. However, global bias was superior to structural and lexical bias at the post-critical word and for offline acceptability ratings. The results suggest that structural information about verbs is available immediately, but that context-specific, semantic information becomes increasingly informative as processing proceeds.