cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: FAIR is not enough -- A Metrics Framework to ensure Data Quality through Data Preparation
Creators: name: Restat, Valerie
name: Klettke, Meike
name: Störl, Uta
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: data quality||metrics||evaluation||data preparation

description: Data-driven systems and machine learning-based decisions are becoming increasingly important and are having an impact on our everyday lives. The prerequisite for this is good data quality, which must be ensured by preprocessing the data. For domain experts, however, the following difficulties arise: On the one hand, they have to choose from a multitude of different tools and algorithms. On the other hand, there is no uniform evaluation method for data quality. For this reason, we present the design of a framework of metrics that allows for a flexible evaluation of data quality and data preparation results.
title: PostBOUND: PostgreSQL with Upper Bound SPJ Query Optimization
Creators: name: Bergmann, Rico
name: Hertzschuch, Axel
name: Hartmann, Claudio
name: Habich, Dirk
name: Lehner, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: SPJ queries||join order||join cardinalities||upper bound||generalization

description: A variety of query optimization papers have shown the disastrous effect of poor cardinality estimates on the overall run time for arbitrary select-project-join (SPJ) queries.Especially, underestimating join cardinalities for multi-joins can lead to catastrophic join orderings. A promising solution to overcome this problem is query optimization based on upper bounds for the join cardinalities. In this domain, our proposed UES concept is presently the most efficient technique featuring a simple, yet effective upper bound for an arbitrary number of joins. To foster research in that direction, we introduce PostBOUND, our generalized framework making upper bound SPJ query optimization a first class citizen in PostgreSQL.PostBOUND provides abstractions to calculate arbitrary upper bounds, to model joins required by an SPJ query and to iteratively construct an optimized join order.To highlight the extensibility of PostBOUND and to show the research potential, we additionally present two tighter upper bound UES variants using top-k statistics in this paper.In our evaluation, we show the efficiency and applicability of PostBOUND on different workloads as well as using different PostgreSQL versions. Additionally, we evaluate both presented tighter upper bound variant ideas.
title: Pairwise Learning to Rank for Hit Song Prediction
Creators: name: Mayerl, Maximilian
name: Vötter, Michael
name: Specht, Günther
name: Zangerle, Eva
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Learning to Rank||Hit Song Prediction||Pairwise Ranking

description: Predicting the popularity of songs in advance is of great interest to the music industry, with possible applications including assessing the potential of a new song, automated songwriting assistants, or song recommender systems. Traditional approaches for solving this use pointwise models focused on single songs, either using classification to categorize songs into classes like hit and non-hit, or regression to predict popularity metrics like play count. We propose to draw inspiration from research on learning to rank and instead use a pairwise model. Our model takes a pair of songs A and B and predicts whether song A is more popular than song B. Based on this problem formulation, we propose a neural network model that is trained in a pairwise fashion, as well as two data augmentation strategies for improving its performance. We also compare our model to one trained in a traditional pointwise way. Our results show that the pairwise model using our proposed augmentation strategies outperforms the pointwise model.
Randomness and preserved patterns in cancer network
Creators: name: Rai, Aparna
name: Menon, A. Vipin
name: Jalan, Sarika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Breast cancer has been reported to account for the maximum cases among all female cancers till date. In order to gain a deeper insight into the complexities of the disease, we analyze the breast cancer network and its normal counterpart at the proteomic level. While the short range correlations in the eigenvalues exhibiting universality provide an evidence towards the importance of random connections in the underlying networks, the long range correlations along with the localization properties reveal insightful structural patterns involving functionally important proteins. The analysis provides a benchmark for designing drugs which can target a subgraph instead of individual proteins.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
title: JumpXClass: Explainable AI for Jump Classification in Trampoline Sports
Creators: name: Woltmann, Lucas
name: Ferger, Katja
name: Hartmann, Claudio
name: Lehner, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: machine learning||applied AI||explainable AI||sports||trampoline

description: Movement patterns in trampoline gymnastics have become faster and more complex with the increase in the athletes’ capabilities. This makes the assessment of jump type, pose, and quality during training or competitions by humans very difficult or even impossible. To counteract this development, data-driven solutions are thought to be a solution to improve training. In recent work, sensor measurements and machine learning is used to automatically predict jumps and give feedback to the athletes and trainers. However, machine learning models, and especially neural networks, are black boxes most of the time. Therefore, the athletes and trainers cannot gain any insights about the jump from the machine learning-based jump classification. To better understand the jump execution during training, we propose JumpXClass: a tool for automatic machine learning-based jump classification with explainable artificial intelligence. Using elements of explainable artificial intelligence can improve the training experience for athletes and trainers. This work will demonstrate a live system capable to classify and explain jumps from trampoline athletes.
Studies of the Jet in BL Lacertae. II. Superluminal Alfvén Waves
Creators: name: Cohen, M. H.
name: Meier, D. L.
name: Arshakian, T. G.
name: Clausen-Brown, E.
name: Homan, D. C.
name: Hovatta, T.
name: Kovalev, Y. Y.
name: Lister, M. L.
name: Pushkarev, A. B.
name: Richards, J. L.
name: Savolainen, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the kinematics of ridge lines on the pc-scale jet of the active galactic nucleus BL Lac. We show that the ridge lines display transverse patterns that move superluminally downstream, and that the moving patterns are analogous to waves on a whip. Their apparent speeds $β_\mathrm{app}$ (units of $c$) range from 3.9 to 13.5, corresponding to $β_\mathrm{wave}^\mathrm{gal}= 0.981 - 0.998$ in the galaxy frame. We show that the magnetic field in the jet is well-ordered with a strong transverse component, and assume that it is helical and that the transverse patterns are Alfvén waves propagating downstream on the longitudinal component of the magnetic field. The wave-induced transverse speed of the jet is non-relativistic ($β_\mathrm{tr}^\mathrm{gal} \lesssim 0.09$). In 2010 the wave activity subsided and the jet then displayed a mild wiggle that had a complex oscillatory behaviour. The Alfvén waves appear to be excited by changes in the position angle of the recollimation shock, in analogy to exciting a wave on a whip by shaking the handle. A simple model of the system with plasma sound speed $β_\mathrm{s}=0.3$ and apparent speed of a slow MHD wave $β_\mathrm{app,S}=4$ yields Lorentz factor of the beam $Γ_\mathrm{beam} \sim 4.5$, pitch angle of the helix (in the beam frame) $α\sim 67^\circ$, Alfvén speed $β_\mathrm{A}\sim 0.64$, and magnetosonic Mach number $M_\mathrm{ms}\sim 4.7$. This describes a plasma in which the magnetic field is dominant and in a rather tight helix, and Alfvén waves are responsible for the moving transverse patterns.
description: 16 pages, 19 figures, 1 table; accepted by the Astrophysical journal; figure 13 is updated; electronic only movie can be found from http://www.astro.purdue.edu/MOJAVE/bllacpaper2.mpg
title: DNAContainer: An object-based storage architecture on DNA
Creators: name: El-Shaikh, Alex
name: Seeger, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: DNAContainer||DNA Storage||Random Access||DNA Data Structures

description: The digital data volumes produced worldwide per year are ever-increasing. Estimates show that by 2025, we will have reached 175 zettabytes of globally created digital data. Despite today's advancements in storage devices, current database management systems cannot cope with these amounts of data. More than recent improvements in storage technologies are needed to meet the ever-accelerating growth of generated data. This problem is further exaggerated when considering that current storage technologies such as HDD and tape require replacement every few years. To combat this deficiency, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) offers a novel durable (millennia scale), extremely dense, and energy-efficient storage medium. However, current DNA systems lack support for random access and more expressive query support beyond key-value lookups. In this paper, we present DNAContainer, a novel storage architecture on DNA that spans an ample virtual address space on objects, enabling random access to DNA at a large scale while adhering to required biochemical constraints. The interface of DNAContainer also facilitates the implementation of common external data structures such as arrays, lists, and trees that store data in blocks of fixed size.
title: Automated Statement Extraction from Press Briefings
Creators: name: Keller, Jüri
name: Bittkowski, Meik
name: Schaer, Philipp
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Journalism||Claim Detection||Data Mining||Natural Language Processing

description: Scientific press briefings are a valuable information source. They consist of alternating expert speeches, questions from the audience and their answers. Therefore, they can contribute to scientific and fact-based media coverage. Even though press briefings are highly informative, extracting statements relevant to individual journalistic tasks is challenging and time-consuming.To support this task, an automated statement extraction system is proposed. Claims are used as the main feature to identify statements in press briefing transcripts. The statement extraction task is formulated as a four-step procedure. First, the press briefings are split into sentences and passages, then claim sentences are identified with a single-label multi-class sequence classification. Subsequently, topics are detected, and the sentences are filtered to improve the coherence and assess the length of the statements.The results indicate that claim detection can be used to identify statements in press briefings. While many statements can be extracted automatically with this system, they are not always as coherent as needed to be understood without context and may need further review by knowledgeable persons.
title: Der politische Corona-Diskurs in Österreich im Spiegel von Interviews mit Akteur*innen der Regierung und Opposition
Creators: name: Desbalmes, Raffaela
Year: 2021

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit befasst sich mit der Frage, welche sprachlich-kommunikativen Mittel (auf der Ebene der Lexik und Syntax bzw. in Form von Metaphorisierung, Framing etc.) von vier führenden österreichischen Regierungs- und Oppositionspolitiker*innen in Zeitungsinterviews im Zusammenhang mit der Corona-Pandemie mit welchen Zielen einge-setzt werden. Die Untersuchung erfolgt methodisch auf Basis einer qualitativ-inhaltsanalytischen Auswertung der ausgewählten Interviews, die im Verlauf eines Jahres ab März 2020 in zwei Qualitäts- und einer Boulevardzeitung erschienen sind. Im Hinblick auf den – je nach Zugehörigkeit zur Regierung oder Opposition – divergierenden Umgang der politischen Akteur*innen mit der Corona-Krise fokussiert die Untersuchung entsprechende kommunikativ-funktionale Unterschiede und deren semantische Konsequenzen.
description: This master’s thesis examines the linguistic and communicative means (at a lexis and syntax level and in the form of metaphorization, framing, etcetera) being used by four leading Aus-trian government and opposition politicians in interviews that are published in Austrian dai-ly newspapers regarding the current Corona pandemic and explores the respective objective. The investigation is conducted methodically on the basis of a qualitative content analysis of selected interviews, which were published in two quality newspapers and one tabloid over the course of one year starting in March 2020. Concerning the diverging management style of the Corona crisis by political actors – depending on affiliation to government or opposi-tion –, this study focuses on identified discrepancies on a linguistic and functional level and the resulting semantic consequences.
Classification of constraints and degrees of freedom for quadratic discrete actions
Creators: name: Hoehn, Philipp A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a comprehensive classification of constraints and degrees of freedom for variational discrete systems governed by quadratic actions. This classification is based on the different types of null vectors of the Lagrangian two-form and employs the canonical formalism developed in arXiv:1303.4294 [math-ph] (J. Math. Phys. 54, 093505 (2013)) and arXiv:1401.6062 [gr-qc] (J. Math. Phys. 55, 083508 (2014)). The analysis is carried out in both the classical and quantum theory and applies to systems with both temporally varying or constant discretization. In particular, it is shown explicitly how changes in the discretization, e.g. resulting from canonical coarse graining or refining operations or an evolving background geometry, change the dynamical content of the system. It is demonstrated how, on a temporally varying discretization, constraints, Dirac observables, symmetries, reduced phase spaces and physical Hilbert spaces become spacetime region dependent. These results are relevant for free field theory on an evolving lattice and linearized discrete gravity models.
description: 36 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, minor modifications, matches published version
Rapport annuel ODATIS CDS-Coriolis 2022
Creators: name: Carval, Thierry
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2023

description: Rapport annuel 2022 du centre de données et services CDS-Coriolis de l'Infrastructure de recherche IR DATA-TERRA-ODATIS. Le CDS-Coriolis concerne les données marines in situ pour l'océanographie opérationnelle et la science.
Physical Light as a Metaphor for Inner Light
Creators: name: Gabora, Liane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The metaphor between physical light and inner light has a long history that permeates diverse languages and cultures. This paper outlines a system for using basic principles from optics to visually represent psychological states and processes such as ideation, enlightenment, mindfulness, and fragmentation versus integrity, as well as situations that occur between people involving phenomena such as honest versus deceptive communication, and understanding versus misunderstanding. The paper summarizes two ongoing projects based on this system: The Light and Enlightenment art installation project, and the Soultracker virtual reality project. These projects enable people to depict their inner lives and external worlds including situations and relationships with others, both as they are and as they could be, and explore alternative paths for navigating challenges and living to their fullest potential. The projects aim to be of clinical value as therapeutic tools, as well as of pedagogical value by providing a concrete language for depicting aspects of human nature that can otherwise seem elusive and intangible.
description: 17 pages; In a special issue of Aisthesis (http://www.fupress.net/index.php/aisthesis/index) on "Giving form through metaphors"; seeking collaborators in computer graphics, visualization, and optics for further development of these projects. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1501.00029
title: Enhancing Explainability and Scrutability of Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Ghazimatin, Azin
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Recommender Systems||Explainable AI||Scrutability

description: Our increasing reliance on complex algorithms for recommendations calls for models and methods for explainable, scrutable, and trustworthy AI. While explainability is required for understanding the relationships between model inputs and outputs, a scrutable system allows us to modify its behavior as desired. These properties help bridge the gap between our expectations as end users and the algorithm's behavior and accordingly boost our trust in AI. Aiming to cope with information overload, recommender systems play a crucial role in filtering content (such as products, news, songs, and movies) and shaping a personalized experience for their users. Consequently, there has been a growing demand from the information consumers to receive proper explanations for their personalized recommendations. To this end, we put forward proposals for explaining recommendations to the end users. These explanations aim at helping users understand why certain items are recommended to them and how their previous inputs to the system relate to the generation of such recommendations. Such explanations usually contain valuable clues as to how a system perceives user preferences and more importantly how its behavior can be modified. Therefore, as a natural next step, we develop a framework for leveraging user feedback on explanations to improve their future recommendations. We evaluate all the proposed models and methods with real user studies and demonstrate their benefits at achieving explainability and scrutability in recommender systems.
X Reunión de Coordinación de las Redes LILACS y BVS: 2017 – Revisión de Descripción e Indización de registros LILACS-Express
Creators: name: BIREME/OPS/OMS
name: Suga, Sueli Mitiko Yano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: LILACS database
LILACS network coordination
LILACS methodology

description: Sesión 10 | 31 de octubre 2017 Tema: Actualización del status de las revistas LILACS – parte III: revisión de descripción e indización de registros LILACS-Express Página de las reuniones: http://lilacs.bvsalud.org/es/2017/05/11/reuniones-de-coordinacion-lilacs/
Dynamical generation of the weak and Dark Matter scales from strong interactions
Creators: name: Antipin, Oleg
name: Redi, Michele
name: Strumia, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming that mass scales arise in nature only via dimensional transmutation, we extend the dimension-less Standard Model by adding vector-like fermions charged under a new strong gauge interaction. Their non-perturbative dynamics generates a mass scale that is transmitted to the elementary Higgs boson by electro-weak gauge interactions. In its minimal version the model has the same number of parameters as the Standard Model, predicts that the electro-weak symmetry gets broken, predicts new-physics in the multi-TeV region and is compatible with all existing bounds, provides two Dark Matter candidates stable thanks to accidental symmetries: a composite scalar in the adjoint of SU(2)_L and a composite singlet fermion; their thermal relic abundance is predicted to be comparable to the measured cosmological DM abundance. Some models of this type allow for extra Yukawa couplings; DM candidates remain even if explicit masses are added.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures. v2: final version to appear on JHEP
title: Data Extraction for Associative Classification using Mined Rules in Pediatric Intensive Care Data
Creators: name: Das, Pronaya Prosun
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Mining||SIRS||Association Rule Mining||Associative Classification

description: Based on the characteristics of health and medical informatics, data mining techniques that were designed to tackle healthcare problems are faced with new challenges. One such challenge is to prepare medical data for pattern mining or machine learning. In this paper, we present a feature engineering technique for the Associative Classification of the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) in severely ailing children by mining Associative Rules. SIRS is characterized as the body's excessive defense response due to malevolent stressors such as trauma, acute inflammation, infection, malignancy, and surgery. It can have an impact on the clinical outcome and elevate vulnerability for organ dysfunctions. We aim to extract the features from given datasets using a specific extraction process and after the transformation, those features are used to mine rules using Association Rule Mining. Those rules are used to perform Associative Classification and evaluated with the result generated by SIRS criteria defined by the experienced clinicians. The mined rules provide better control over sensitivity and specificity than the SIRS criteria.
Interacting parametrized post-Friedmann method
Creators: name: Richarte, Martín G.
name: Xu, Lixin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the interacting parametrized post-Friedmann (IPPF) method to a coupled dark energy model where the interaction is proportional to dark matter density at background level. In doing so, we perform a Markov Chain Monte-Carlo analysis which combines several cosmological probes including the cosmic microwave background (WMAP9+Planck) data, baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements, JLA sample of supernovae, Hubble constant (HST), and redshift-space distortion (RSD) measurements through the ${\rm f}σ_{8}{\rm (z)}$ data points. The joint observational analysis of ${\rm Planck+WP+JLA+BAO+HST+RSD}$ data leads to a coupling parameter, $ξ_{c}=0.00140_{-0.00080}^{+0.00079}$ at $1σ$ level for vanishing momentum transfer potential; this value is reduced a when the momentum transfer potential is switched on, giving $ξ_{c}=0.00136_{-0.00073}^{+0.00080}$ at $1σ$ level. The CMB power spectrum shows up a correlation between the coupling parameter $ξ_{c}$ and the position of acoustic peaks or their amplitudes. The first peak's height increases when $ξ_{c}$ takes larger values and its position is shifted. We also obtain the matter power spectrum may be affected by the strength of interaction coupling over scales bigger that $10^{-2} {\rm h~ Mpc^{-1}}$, reducing its amplitude in relation to the vanilla model.
description: jcap style, 25pages, 6 figures and 4 tables
Self-dual Strings and 2D SYM
Creators: name: Hosomichi, Kazuo
name: Lee, Sungjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the system of M2-branes suspended between parallel M5-branes using ABJM model with a natural half-BPS boundary condition. For small separation between M5-branes, the worldvolume theory is shown to reduce to a 2D N=(4,4) super Yang-Mills theory with some similarity to q-deformed Yang-Mills theory. The gauge coupling is related to the position of the branes in an interesting manner. The theory is considerably different from the 2D theory proposed for multiple "M-strings". We make a detailed comparison of elliptic genus of the two descriptions and find only a partial agreement.
description: 1+38 pages, minor modifications, references added
Poisson structures on twistor spaces of hyperkaehler and HKT manifolds
Creators: name: Grantcharov, Gueo
name: Hernandez-Vazquez, Lisandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We characterize HKT structure in terms of nondegenrate complex Poisson bivector on hypercomplex manifold. We extend the characterization to the twistor space. After considering the flat case in detail, we show that the twistor space of hyperkaehler manifold admits a holomorphic Poisson structure. We briefly mention the relation to quaternionic and hypercomplex deformations on tori and K3 surfaces
description: A new Section 6 and examples in Section 3 are added
title: HYPEX: Hyperparameter Optimization in Time Series Anomaly Detection
Creators: name: Schmidl, Sebastian
name: Wenig, Phillip
name: Papenbrock, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Time Series Anomaly Detection||Bayesian Optimization||Causal Discovery

description: In many domains, such as data cleaning, machine learning, pattern mining, or anomaly detection, a system’s performance depends significantly on the selected configuration hyperparameters. However, manual configuration of hyperparameters is particularly difficult because it requires an in-depth understanding of the problem at hand and the system’s internal behavior. While automatic methods for hyperparameter optimization exist, they require labeled training datasets and many trials to assess a system’s performance before the system can be applied to production data. Hence, automatic methods just shift the human effort from parameter optimization to the effort of labelling datasets, which is still complex and time-consuming. In this paper, we, therefore, propose a novel hyperparameter optimization framework called HYPEX that learns promising default parameters and explainable parameter rules from synthetically generated datasets, without the need for manually labeled datasets. HYPEX’ learned parameter model enables the easy adjustment of a system’s configuration to new, unlabeled, and unseen datasets. We demonstrate the capabilities of HYPEX in the context of time series anomaly detection because anomaly detection algorithms suffer from a general lack of labeled datasets and they are particularly sensitive to parameter changes. In our evaluation, we show that our hyperparameter suggestions on unseen data significantly improve an algorithm’s performance compared to existing manual hyperparameter optimization approaches and often are competitive to the optimal performance achieved with Bayesian optimization.
Rapport d’activité ODATIS 2022
Creators: name: Quimbert, Erwann
name: Schmidt, Sabine
name: Mercier, Caroline
name: Vernet, Marine
name: Dibarboure, Gerald
name: Sudre, Joel
name: Piolle, Jean-Francois
name: Hoebeke, Mark
name: Germineaud, Cyril
name: Carval, Thierry
name: Schmechtig, Catherine
name: Cariou, Valérie
name: Harscoat, Valerie
name: Andre, François
name: Calvat, Pascal
name: Obaton, Dominique
Publisher: name: Odatis
Year: 2023

description: Le pôle ODATIS de l'IR Data Terra publie son rapport d'activités 2022, qui synthétise les activités et les actions menées durant l'année passée à l'échelle du pôle, de ses Centres de Données et Services et au travers de son implication dans différents projets nationaux et européens et dans les instances de l'IR Data Terra. Ce rapport témoigne de l'intensité de l'activité du pôle, des résultats accomplis, des développements en cours, de l'évolution de l'offre des données, outils et services qui représentent autant un bilan qu'un fil stratégique pour mieux cibler, fédérer et coordonner les besoins de la communauté océanographique et de l'observation de la Terre.
Spectral distortions from the dissipation of tensor perturbations
Creators: name: Chluba, Jens
name: Dai, Liang
name: Grin, Daniel
name: Amin, Mustafa A.
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) may become a powerful probe of primordial perturbations at small scales. Existing studies of spectral distortions focus almost exclusively on primordial scalar metric perturbations. Similarly, vector and tensor perturbations should source CMB spectral distortions. In this paper, we give general expressions for the effective heating rate caused by these types of perturbations, including previously neglected contributions from polarization states and higher multipoles. We then focus our discussion on the dissipation of tensors, showing that for nearly scale invariant tensor power spectra, the overall distortion is some six orders of magnitudes smaller than from the damping of adiabatic scalar modes. We find simple analytic expressions describing the effective heating rate from tensors using a quasi-tight coupling approximation. In contrast to adiabatic modes, tensors cause heating without additional photon diffusion and thus over a wider range of scales, as recently pointed out by Ota et. al 2014. Our results are in broad agreement with their conclusions, but we find that small-scale modes beyond k< 2x10^4 Mpc^{-1} cannot be neglected, leading to a larger distortion, especially for very blue tensor power spectra. At small scales, also the effect of neutrino damping on the tensor amplitude needs to be included.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, accepted version (MNRAS)
title: WebTensor: Towards high-performance raster data analysis in the browser
Creators: name: Naumann, Lucas Fabian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: WebAssembly||Raster Data||Tensor Processing||Visual Analytics

description: We present WebTensor, a chunked tensor implementation for WebAssembly (Wasm) compiled from C++ and designed to efficiently analyze raster data directly in the browser. WebTensor allows loading (chunked) data from various backends, manipulating it by aggregations and forwarding computed results in a zero-copy manner to JavaScript so that they can be further processed or visualized. We demonstrate the performance advantages of WebTensor by benchmarking data access and aggregation operations, and compare it against a JavaScript version of Webtensor compiled from the same C++ code.
MPEC 2023-F240 : 2023 FW12
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FW12

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Workload-Driven Data Placement for Tierless In-Memory Database Systems
Creators: name: Hurdelhey, Ben
name: Weisgut, Marcel
name: Boissier, Martin
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Tiering||Data Placement||In-Memory Database Systems||Linear Programming||Cost Models

description: High main memory consumption is a significant cost factor for in-memory database systems. Tiering, i.e., placing parts of the data on memory or storage devices other than DRAM, reduces the main memory footprint. A controlled data placement can assign rarely accessed data to slow devices while frequently used data remains on fast devices, such as main memory, to maintain acceptable query latencies. We present an automatic data placement decision system for the in-memory database Hyrise. The system organizes the memory and storage devices in a tierless pool, with no fixed device class categorization or performance order. The system supports data placement use cases, such as minimizing end-to-end query latencies and making cost-optimal purchase recommendations in cloud environments. In this paper, we introduce an efficient calibration process to derive cost models for various storage devices. To determine data placements, we introduce a linear programming-based approach, which yields optimal configurations, and an efficient heuristic. With a set of main memory and SSD devices, we can reduce the main memory consumption for base table data of the TPC-DS benchmark by 74 percent when accepting a workload latency increase of 52 percent. In a comparison of data placement algorithms and cost models, we find that simplistic algorithms (e.g., greedy algorithms) can present viable alternatives to optimal linear programming algorithms, especially under cost prediction inaccuracies.
title: What We Can Learn from Persistent Memory for CXL
Creators: name: Benson, Lawrence
name: Weisgut, Marcel
name: Rabl, Tilmann
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023

description: With Persistent Memory (PMem) entering the long-established memory hierarchy, various assumptions about the performance and granularity of memory access have been disrupted. To adapt existing applications and design new systems, research focused on how to efficiently move data between different types of memory, how to handle varying access latency, and how to trade off price for performance. Even though Optane is now discontinued, we expect that the insights gained from previous PMem research apply to future work on Compute Express Link (CXL) attached memory. In this paper, we discuss how limited hardware availability impacts the performance generalization of new designs, how existing CPU components are not adapted towards different access characteristics, and how multi-tier memory setups offer different price-performance trade-offs. To support future CXL research in each of these areas, we discuss how our insights apply to CXL and which problems researchers may encounter along the way.
Sub-Riemannian structures on groups of diffeomorphisms
Creators: name: Arguillere, Sylvain
name: Trélat, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we define and study strong right-invariant sub-Riemannian structures on the group of diffeomorphisms of a manifold with bounded geometry. We derive the Hamiltonian geodesic equations for such structures, and we provide examples of normal and of abnormal geodesics in that infinite-dimensional context. The momentum formulation gives a sub-Riemannian version of the Euler-Arnol'd equation. Finally, we establish some approximate and exact reachability properties for diffeomorphisms, and we give some consequences for Moser theorems.
title: An FPGA Avro Parser Generator for Accelerated Data Stream Processing
Creators: name: Hahn, Tobias
name: Schüll, Daniel
name: Wildermann, Stefan
name: Teich, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Avro||parsing||FPGA||semi-structured data||accelerator

description: Big Data applications frequently involve processing data streams encoded in semi-structured data formats such as JSON, Protobuf, or Avro.A major challenge in accelerating data stream processing on FPGAs is that the parsing of such data formats is usually highly complex.This is especially true for JSON parsing on FPGAs, which lies in the focus of related work.The parsing of the binary Avro format, on the other hand, is perfectly suited for being processed on FPGAs and can thus serve as an enabler for data stream processing on FPGAs.In this realm, we present a methodology for parsing, projection, and selection of Avro objects, which enforces an output format suitable for further processing on the FPGA.Moreover, we provide a generator to automatically create accelerators based on this methodology.The obtained accelerators can achieve significant speedups compared to CPU-based parsers, and at the same time require only very few FPGA resources.
BPS States in Supersymmetric Chiral Models with Higher Derivative Terms
Creators: name: Nitta, Muneto
name: Sasaki, Shin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the higher derivative chiral models with four supercharges and BPS states in these models. The off-shell Lagrangian generically includes higher powers of the auxiliary fields F which causes distinct on-shell branches associated with the solutions to the auxiliary fields equation. We point out that the model admits a supersymmetric completion of arbitrary higher derivative bosonic models of a single complex scalar field and an arbitrary scalar potential can be introduced even without superpotentials. As an example, we present a supersymmetric extension of the Faddeev-Skyrme model without four time derivatives, in contrast to the previously proposed supersymmetric Faddeev-Skyrme-like model containing four time derivatives. In general, higher derivative terms together with a superpotential result in deformed scalar potentials. We find that higher derivative corrections to 1/2 BPS domain walls and 1/2 BPS lumps are exactly canceled out while the 1/4 BPS lumps (as compact baby Skyrmions) depend on a characteristic feature of the higher derivative models. We also find a new 1/4 BPS condition for domain wall junctions which generically receives higher derivative corrections.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures, references added, version published in Phys.Rev.D
title: A Core Ontology to Support Agricultural Data Interoperability
Creators: name: Abdelmageed, Aly
name: Hatem, Shahenda
name: ael, Tasneem
name: Medhat, Walaa
name: König-Ries, Birgitta
name: Ellakwa, Susan
name: Elkafrawy, Passent
name: Algergawy, Alsayed
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Semantic Web||Ontology||Knowledge Modeling||Agriculture

description: The amount and variety of raw data generated in the agriculture sector from numeroussources, including soil sensors and local weather stations, are proliferating. However, these raw data in themselves are meaningless and isolated and, therefore, may offer little value to the farmer. Data usefulness is determined by its context and meaning and by how it is interoperable with data from other sources. Semantic web technology can provide context and meaning to data and its aggregation by providing standard data interchange formats and description languages. In this paper, we introduce the design and overall description of a core ontology that facilitates the process of data interoperability in the agricultural domain.
Boundary Conditions for Topological Quantum Field Theories, Anomalies and Projective Modular Functors
Creators: name: Fiorenza, Domenico
name: Valentino, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 55N22

description: We study boundary conditions for extended topological quantum field theories (TQFTs) and their relation to topological anomalies. We introduce the notion of TQFTs with moduli level $m$, and describe extended anomalous theories as natural transformations of invertible field theories of this type. We show how in such a framework anomalous theories give rise naturally to homotopy fixed points for $n$-characters on $\infty$-groups. By using dimensional reduction on manifolds with boundaries, we show how boundary conditions for $n+1$-dimensional TQFTs produce $n$-dimensional anomalous field theories. Finally, we analyse the case of fully extended TQFTs, and show that any fully extended anomalous theory produces a suitable boundary condition for the anomaly field theory.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures. Exposition improved, bibliography updated. Final version, to appear in Comm. Math. Phys
Integrable S-matrices, massive and massless modes and the AdS_2 x S^2 superstring
Creators: name: Hoare, Ben
name: Pittelli, Antonio
name: Torrielli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the exact S-matrix for the scattering of particular representations of the centrally-extended psu(1|1)^2 Lie superalgebra, conjectured to be related to the massive modes of the light-cone gauge string theory on AdS_2 x S^2 x T^6. The S-matrix consists of two copies of a centrally-extended psu(1|1) invariant S-matrix and is in agreement with the tree-level result following from perturbation theory. Although the overall factor is left unfixed, the constraints following from crossing symmetry and unitarity are given. The scattering involves long representations of the symmetry algebra, and the relevant representation theory is studied in detail. We also discuss Yangian symmetry and find it has a standard form for a particular limit of the aforementioned representations. This has a natural interpretation as the massless limit, and we investigate the corresponding limits of the massive S-matrix. Under the assumption that the massless modes of the light-cone gauge string theory transform in these limiting representations, the resulting S-matrices would provide the building blocks for the full S-matrix. Finally, some brief comments are given on the Bethe ansatz.
description: 33 pages; v2: 37 pages, clarifications, including on the issue of double crossing, and comments added, version to appear in JHEP
Thermalization and breakdown of thermalization in photon condensates
Creators: name: Kirton, Peter
name: Keeling, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine in detail the mechanisms behind thermalization and Bose-Einstein condensation of a gas of photons in a dye-filled microcavity. We derive a microscopic quantum model, based on that of a standard laser, and show how this model can reproduce the behavior of recent experiments. Using the rate equation approximation of this model, we show how a thermal distribution of photons arises. We go on to describe how the non-equilibrium effects in our model can cause thermalization to break down as one moves away from the experimental parameter values. In particular, we examine the effects of changing cavity length, and of altering the vibrational spectrum of the dye molecules. We are able to identify two measures which quantify whether the system is in thermal equilibrium. Using these we plot "phase diagrams" distinguishing BEC and standard lasing regimes. Going beyond the rate equation approximation, our quantum model allows us to investigate both the second order coherence, $g^{(2)}$, and the linewidth of the emission from the cavity. We show how the linewidth collapses as the system transitions to a Bose condensed state, and compare the results to the Schawlow--Townes linewidth.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
title: Optimizing Query Processing in PostgreSQL Through Learned Optimizer Hints
Creators: name: Thiessat, Jerome
name: Woltmann, Lucas
name: Hartmann, Claudio
name: Habich, Dirk
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Query Optimization||Hint Set Prediction||Gradient Boosting

description: Query optimization in database systems is an important aspect and despite decades of research, it isstill far from being solved. Nowadays, query optimizers usually provide hints to be able to steer theoptimization on a query-by-query basis. However, setting the best-fitting hints is challenging. To tacklethat, we present a learning-based approach to predict the best-fitting hints for each incoming query. Inparticular, our learning approach is based on simple gradient boosting, where we learn one modelper query context for fine-grained predictions rather than a single global context-agnostic model asproposed in related work. We demonstrate the efficiency as well as effectiveness of our learning-basedapproach using the open-source database system PostgreSQL and show that our approach outperformsrelated work in that context.
Trajectory of a light ray in Kerr field: A material medium approach
Creators: name: Roy, Saswati
name: Sen, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The deflection of light ray as it passes around a gravitational mass can be calculated by different methods. Such calculations are generally done by using the null geodesics under both strong field and weak field approximation. However, several authors have studied the gravitational deflection of light ray using material medium approach. For a static, non-rotating spherical mass, one can determine the deflection in Schwarzschild field, by expressing the line element in an isotropic form and calculating the refractive index to determine the trajectory of the light ray. In this paper, we draw our attention to the refractive index of light ray in Kerr field using the material medium approach. The frame dragging effects in Kerr field was considered to calculate the velocity of light ray and finally the refractive index in Kerr field geometry was determined. Hence the deflection of light ray in Kerr field was calculated, assuming far field approximation and compared the results with those calculations done earlier using Null geodesics.
Quantum engineering of atomic phase-shifts in optical clocks
Creators: name: Zanon-Willette, T.
name: Almonacil, S.
name: de Clercq, E.
name: Ludlow, A. D.
name: Arimondo, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum engineering of time-separated Raman laser pulses in three-level systems is presented to produce an ultra-narrow optical transition in bosonic alkali-earth clocks free from light shifts and with a significantly reduced sensitivity to laser parameter fluctuations. Based on a quantum artificial complex-wave-function analytical model, and supported by a full density matrix simulation including a possible residual effect of spontaneous emission from the intermediate state, atomic phase-shifts associated to Ramsey and Hyper-Ramsey two-photon spectroscopy in optical clocks are derived. Various common-mode Raman frequency detunings are found where the frequency shifts from off-resonant states are canceled, while strongly reducing their uncertainties at the 10$^{-18}$ level of accuracy.
description: accepted for publication in PRA