cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Galaxy Evolution, Deep Galaxy Counts and the Near-IR Cosmic Infrared Background
Creators: name: Jimenez, R.
name: Kashlinsky, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate synthetic models of stellar populations are constructed and used in evolutionary models of stellar populations in forming galaxies. Following their formation, the late type galaxies are assumed to follow the Schmidt law for star formation, while early type galaxies are normalized to the present-day fundamental plane relations assumed to mimic the metallicity variations along their luminosity sequence. We then compute predictions of these models for the observational data at early epochs for various cosmological parameters $Ω, Ω_Λ$ and $H_0$. We find good match to the metallicity data from the damped $L_α$ systems and the evolution of the luminosity density out to $z\simeq 1$. Likewise, our models provide good fits for low values of $Ω$ to the deep number counts of galaxies in all bands where data is available; this is done without assuming existence of extra populations of galaxies at high $z$. Our models also match the data on the redshift distribution of galaxy counts in $B$ and $K$ bands. We compute the predicted mean levels and angular distribution of the cosmic infrared background produced from the early evolution of galaxies. The predicted fluxes and fluctuations are still below the current observational limits, but not by a large factor. Finally, we find that the recent detection of the diffuse extragalactic light in the visible bands requires for our models high redshift of galaxy formation, $z_f \geq$(3-4); otherwise the produced flux of the extragalactic light at optical bands exceeds the current observational limits.
description: Accepted to ApJ
Supplemental Material:trajectories of metabolic risk factors prior to the onset of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhe
name: Tu, Zhouzheng
name: Chen, Shuohua
name: Wang, Guodong
name: Xia, Pengfei
name: Xie, Jinchi
name: Li, Juanjuan
name: Yuan, Yu
name: Chen, Junxiang
name: Zhang
name: Zhou, Yanfeng
name: Geng, Tingting
name: Liu, Gang
name: Wu, Shouling
name: Pan, An
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320101
subject: Cardiology (incl. cardiovascular diseases)

description: This data is an Online Supplemental Material of my research published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, entitled “Trajectories of metabolic risk factors prior to the onset of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes”.
Correlated electronic structure of Pb$_{10-x}$Cu$_x$(PO4)$_6$O
Creators: name: Yue, Changming
name: Christiansson, Viktor
name: Werner, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, above-room temperature superconductivity was reported in the Cu doped lead apatite Pb$_{10-x}$Cu$_x$(PO4)$_6$O, dubbed LK-99. By relaxing the structure with Cu substitution, we derive a four-band low-energy model with two 3/4 filled bands of predominantly Cu $d_{xz}$ and $d_{yz}$ character and two filled O $p_x$ and $p_y$ bands. This model is further downfolded to a two-band Cu-$d_{xz/yz}$ model. Using {\it ab-initio} derived interaction parameters, we perform dynamical mean field theory calculations to determine the correlated electronic structure in the normal state. These calculations yield a Mott insulator at $x=1$ and a strongly correlated non-Fermi liquid metal upon doping. The very large interaction versus bandwidth ratio $U/W\approx 30$-$50$ and the local moment paramagnetic behavior in the relevant filling regime are hard to reconcile with diamagnetism and high-temperature superconductivity. Hence, our calculations suggest that this behavior should come from a component with a different stoichiometry.
Additional file 3: of Revising the motivation and confidence domain of the Canadian assessment of physical literacy
Creators: name: Gunnell, Katie
name: Longmuir, Patricia
name: Woodruff, Sarah
name: Barnes, Joel
name: Belanger, Kevin
name: Tremblay, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Modified wording to new CAPL Motivation and Confidence questions. (DOCX 16 kb)
A simple direct empirical observation of systematic bias of the redshift as a distance indicator
Creators: name: Shamir, Lior
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent puzzling observations such as the $H_o$ tension, large-scale anisotropies, and massive disk galaxies at high redshifts have been challenging the standard cosmological model. While one possible explanation is that the standard model is incomplete, other theories are based on the contention that the redshift model as a distance indicator might be biased. While these theories can explain the recent observations, they are challenged by the absence of a direct empirical reproducible observation that the redshift model can indeed be inconsistent. Here I describe a simple experiment that shows that the spectra of galaxies depend on their rotational velocity relative to the rotational velocity of the Milky Way. Moreover, it shows that the redshift of galaxies that rotate in the same direction relative to the Milky Way is significantly different from the redshift of galaxies that rotate in the opposite direction relative to the Milky Way (P$<0.006$). Three different datasets are used independently, each one was prepared in a different manner, all of them show similar redshift bias. A fourth dataset of galaxies from the Southern Galactic pole was also analyzed, and shows similar results. All four datasets are publicly available. While a maximum average $Δz$ of $\sim$0.012 observed with galaxies of relatively low redshift (z$<$0.25) might not seem dramatic, the bias is consistent, and can explain puzzling observations such as the $H_o$ tension.
description: Universe, published. URLs to the data are available inside the paper
Oestrus Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Oestridae
Oestrus

description: Oestrus [gen. nov.]
Os absque proboscide aut rostro exserto.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 584, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0322
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: cartulaire
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0322, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0322, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
On noncommutative vacua and noncommutative solitons
Creators: name: Gorsky, A. S.
name: Makeenko, Y. M.
name: Selivanov, K. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider noncommutative theory of a compact scalar field. The recently discovered projector solitons are interpreted as classical vacua in the model considered. Localized solutions to the projector equation are pointed out and their brane interpretation is discussed. An example of the noncommutative soliton interpolating between such vacua is given. No strong noncommutativity limit is assumed.
description: 9 pages, latex, references added
Yankelovich/Time Magazine Poll: Bush/Israeli-Palestinian Conflict/AIDS
Creators: name: Time
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: ASKED OF GENERAL PUBLIC: Dan Rather's interview with George Bush (9); media bias in political reporting (2); Israeli/Palestinian clashes (12); AIDS (8); space program (4). ASKED OF JEWISH OVERSAMPLE: Israeli/Palestinian clashes (12).
Centaurus X-3 - A Source of High Energy Gamma Rays
Creators: name: Chadwick, P. M.
name: Dickinson, M. R.
name: Dipper, N. A.
name: Kendall, T. R.
name: McComb, T. J. L.
name: Orford, K. J.
name: Osborne, J. L.
name: Rayner, S. M.
name: Roberts, I. D.
name: Shaw, S. E.
name: Turver, K. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Centaurus X-3 is a well-studied high-mass accreting X-ray binary and a variable source of high energy gamma rays with energies from 100 MeV to 1 TeV. Previous results have suggested that the origin of the gamma rays is not the immediate vicinity of the neutron star but is sited in the accretion disc, perhaps in an accretion wake. The Durham Mark 6 gamma ray telescope has been used to measure the gamma ray flux from Centaurus X-3 with much higher sensitivity than previous ground-based measurements. The flux above ~ 400 GeV was measured to be (2 +/- 0.3) x 10^-11 cm^-2 s^-1 and appears constant over a period of 2 - 3 months. In 10 hours of observations there is no evidence for periodicity in the detected gamma rays at the X-ray spin period either from a site in the region of the neutron star, or from any other potential site in the orbit.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Development and characterisation of a zinc finger nuclease specific for the human beta-globin gene
Creators: name: Vannocci, Tommaso
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease, which are caused by mutations in the β-globin gene, are two of the most common single gene disorders worldwide and the only available cure is allogeneic bone marrow transplantation that is limited by donor availability. Gene therapy, by delivery of a β-globin expression vector into autologous haematopoietic stem cells, is a valuable alternative but the technique is affected by unpredictable protein expression levels and, more significantly, by random integration of the vector and the risk of insertional oncogenesis. Gene correction by Homologous Recombination (HR) with a DNA repair template would avoid the above-mentioned issues, becoming ideal therapeutic approach. Although spontaneous HR events are very rare, Double Strand Breaks (DSBs) at the target locus can greatly stimulate them. Therefore, the development of Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs), which are customised endonucleases capable of cleaving any desired DNA sequence, has created the opportunity to design molecular tools to treat many rare monogenic disorders. The aim of this thesis has been to develop a ZFN-based gene targeting at the β-globin locus as a basis for β-thalassaemia gene-correction therapy. Initially, six ZF domains specific for the β-globin gene were designed, assembled and tested using publicly available reagents, but these were found to have a low binding efficiencies. Therefore, a commercial approach was used to obtain a functional ZFN (ZFN4) and this was shown to produce DSBs at the β-globin gene in ≈ 1% of the transfected human erythroleukemia cells without detectably cleaving the most closely related sequence in the human genome (the δ-globin gene). Using a reporter assay, ZFN4 was also shown to promote gene correction through intrachromosomal HR but was found to be 20 times less efficient than the homing endonuclease I-SceI. Ultimately, ZFN4-stimulated targeted integration of a drug resistance marker at the endogenous β -globin gene locus was tested: 95% of the drugresistant cells were targeted while the absolute frequency compared to the whole cell population resulted to be 0.1% The collected data show that ZFN4-mediated gene targeting of the β-globin locus is possible but further studies are required in order address the discrepancy between cutting and targeting efficiencies and to increase the absolute frequency of gene targeted cells.
Oestrus bovis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Oestridae
Oestrus
Oestrus bovis

description: Oestrus bovis [spec. nov.]
OE. alis maculatis, thorace flavo fascia fusca, abdomine flavo apice nigro. Fn. svec. 1024. It. Wgot. 202.
Raj. ins. 271
Derham theolog. l. 8. c. 6. n. 11.
Vallisn. nat. 1. t. 28.
Reaum. ins. 4. t. 36-38.
Habitat intra Boum dorsum.
Hoc illud insectum-cui nomen Asilo
Romanum est, Oestrum graeci vertere vocantes,
Asper, acerba sonans, quo toto exterrita silvis
Diffugiunt armenta.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 584, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
title: ADCO, Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1497-1504) (11 H 1172), f. 00353
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1497-1504), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1172). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1497-1504), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1172), f. 00353, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Linking interstellar and cometary O$_2$: a deep search for $^{16}$O$^{18}$O in the solar-type protostar IRAS 16293--2422
Creators: name: Taquet, Vianney
name: van Dishoeck, Ewine F.
name: Swayne, Matthew
name: Harsono, Daniel
name: Jørgensen, Jes K.
name: Maud, Luke
name: Ligterink, Niels F. W.
name: Müller, Holger S. P.
name: Codella, Claudio
name: Altwegg, Kathrin
name: Bieler, Andre
name: Coutens, Audrey
name: Drozdovskaya, Maria N.
name: Furuya, Kenji
name: Persson, Magnus V.
name: Hoff, Merel L. R. van 't
name: Walsh, Catherine
name: Wampfler, Suzanne F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent measurements carried out at comet 67P/C-G with the ${\it Rosetta}$ probe revealed that molecular oxygen, O$_2$, is the fourth most abundant molecule in comets. Models show that O$_2$ is likely of primordial nature, coming from the interstellar cloud from which our Solar System was formed. However, gaseous O$_2$ is an elusive molecule in the interstellar medium with only one detection towards quiescent molecular clouds, in the $ρ$ Oph A core. We perform a deep search for molecular oxygen, through the $2_1 - 0_1$ rotational transition at 234 GHz of its $^{16}$O$^{18}$O isotopologue, towards the warm compact gas surrounding the nearby Class 0 protostar IRAS 16293--2422 B with the ALMA interferometer. The targeted $^{16}$O$^{18}$O transition is surrounded by two brighter transitions at $\pm 1$ km s$^{-1}$ relative to the expected $^{16}$O$^{18}$O transition frequency. After subtraction of these two transitions, residual emission at a 3$σ$ level remains, but with a velocity offset of $0.3 - 0.5$ km s$^{-1}$ relative to the source velocity, rendering the detection "tentative". We derive the O$_2$ column density for two excitation temperatures $T_{\rm ex}$ of 125 and 300 K, as indicated by other molecules, in order to compare the O$_2$ abundance between IRAS16293 and comet 67P/C-G. Assuming that $^{16}$O$^{18}$O is not detected and using methanol CH$_3$OH as a reference species, we obtain a [O$_2$]/[CH$_3$OH] abundance ratio lower than $2-5$, depending on the assumed $T_{\rm ex}$, a three to four times lower abundance than the [O$_2$]/[CH$_3$OH] ratio of $5-15$ found in comet 67P/C-G. Such a low O$_2$ abundance could be explained by the lower temperature of the dense cloud precursor of IRAS16293 with respect to the one at the origin of our Solar System that prevented an efficient formation of O$_2$ in interstellar ices.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Metal poly-pyridyl complexes as quadruplex DNA binders and potential anticancer agents
Creators: name: Suntharalingam, Kogularamanan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Over the past few years, G-quadruplex DNA has been established as a potential target for anti-cancer drugs. The formation of quadruplexes in the promoter region of certain oncogenes (such as c-myc) is thought to play an important role in regulating their expression. Furthermore the stabilisation of quadruplex DNA in the telomeric region is thought to inhibit telomerase, an enzyme overexpressed in cancerous cells and related to cell proliferation. Therefore the development of small molecules with the ability to interact selectively with quadruplex DNA is receiving increasing attention. In particular metal complexes provide a novel approach for targeting quadruplex DNA. In this thesis a series of mono-, bi- and tri-nuclear metal(II)-terpyridine (with the metal being copper(II), platinum(II) and zinc(II)), and platinum(II)-phenanthroline complexes have been prepared and evaluated as quadruplex DNA (Htelo and c-myc DNA) binders. The metals complexes were designed to have planar geometries to π-π stack atop quadruplex DNA. Side arms were incorporated to provide additional interactions with the loops, grooves and phosphate backboneof DNA. Once prepared, the ability of the complexes to π-π stack in solid and solution state was probed using X-ray crystallography and 1H NMR and/or UV-Vis spectroscopy respectively. This gave an insight into the propensity of the complexes to π-π stack with quadruplex DNA. Metal complex-quadruplex DNA interactions were studied using a number of well established biophysical techniques. Fluorescence intercalator displacement assays, UV-Vis, fluorescence, 1H NMR and circular dichroism spectroscopic studies were used to probe non-covalent interactions. Several of the compounds were found to bind with high affinity and selectivity to quadruplex DNA (especially c-myc DNA). 1H NMR spectroscopic experiments with guanosine were used to investigate the potential of the complexes to form covalent bonds with DNA. A selection of the most potent quadruplex DNA binders were studied in cells. The MTS assay was used to determine the toxicity of the complexes towards cancer (U2OS and 293T) and normal (GM0575) cell lines. The IC50 values showed the potential of the metal complexes as anti-cancer drugs. To gain a better understanding of metal complex induced cell death, cellular uptake and DNA-flow cytometric studies were carried out. Additionally, RT q-PCR was used to probe the ability of these metal complexes to regulated c-myc oncogene expression.
Additional file 2: of Physical Literacy Knowledge Questionnaire: feasibility, validity, and reliability for Canadian children aged 8 to 12Â years
Creators: name: Longmuir, Patricia
name: Woodruff, Sarah
name: Boyer, Charles
name: Lloyd, Meghann
name: Tremblay, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Version 1 of the Cognitive domain questions (as of 2012-02-14). (DOCX 1747 kb)
Macrophage regulation in atherosclerosis
Creators: name: Falck-Hansen, Mika André
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease, topping the mortality list in the United Kingdom and the rest of the world. Macrophage activation and polarisation are key steps in host defence and chronic inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis. The myeloid glycoprotein receptor CD200R1 belongs to a family of four isoforms and signals after binding to its cognate ligand, CD200. The CD200/CD200R1 interaction blocks pro-inflammatory cytokines and has never before been studied in atherosclerosis. My work has demonstrated that CD200R is weakly expressed in atherosclerotic lesions during disease progression and significantly down-regulated in secondary lymphoid organs. Moreover, changes in shear stress had no effect on the expression of CD200R in plaques. During the steady state, the expression of CD200R on circulating monocytes was highest on the CD11b+CD115+Ly6Cint subset, revealing a potential mechanism for regulation of maturing monocytes. In vitro studies demonstrated that CD200R expression is sensitive to M1 macrophage polarising cytokine IFN-γ and MyD88-dependent TLR ligands. In contrast, non-MyD88-dependent TLR3 signalling had no effect on its expression, supporting previous findings in the literature. Moreover, CD200R1 mRNA expression was induced on alternatively activated M2a macrophage subsets following IL-4 and IL-13 cytokine treatment, whereas oxLDL had no effect. Immunotherapy with CD200-Fc in ApoE-/- mice exerted no significant changes on lesion size and phenotype compared to controls after nine weeks. My findings indicate that the type of inflammatory stimulus may play a role in dictating the ability of myeloid cells to terminate their own activation via CD200/CD200R1 signalling. Hence, chronic inflammation may be promoted by reduced presence of inhibitory signals leading to sustained, unresolved inflammation. In summary, my work has revealed new insight into the regulation of the inhibitory CD200R pathway in atherosclerosis, the molecular signals that may affect the regulation of inflammation through CD200R and possible future therapeutic strategies.
Prepotential and the Seiberg-Witten Theory
Creators: name: Itoyama, H.
name: Morozov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some basic facts about the prepotential in the SW/Whitham theory are presented. Consideration begins from the abstract theory of quasiclassical $τ$-functions , which uses as input a family of complex spectral curves with a meromorphic differential $dS$, subject to the constraint $\partial dS/\partial(moduli)= \ holomorphic$, and gives as an output a homogeneous prepotential on extended moduli space. Then reversed construction is discussed, which is straightforwardly generalizable from spectral {\it curves} to certain complex manifolds of dimension $d >1$ (like $K3$ and $CY$ families). Finally, examples of particular $N=2$ SUSY gauge models are considered from the point of view of this formalism. At the end we discuss similarity between the $WP^{12}_{1,1,2,2,6}$ -\-Calabi-\-Yau model with $h_{21}=2$ and the $1d$ $SL(2)$ Calogero/Ruijsenaars model, but stop short of the claim that they belong to the same Whitham universality class beyond the conifold limit.
description: 50 pages, Latex
The development of gut hormones as drugs for the treatment of obesity
Creators: name: Cuenco, Joyceline
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Obesity is an ever-increasing problem with limited effective treatments available that are safe and tolerable. Gut hormones are naturally occurring endogenous satiety factors that are released in response to food consumption. As well as playing an important role in the regulation of appetite, food intake and body weight, they also have roles in glucose disposal, gastric motility, fuel-type utilisation and energy expenditure. These characteristics make gut hormones attractive drugable targets for the treatment of obesity. However, the vulnerability of gut hormones to degradative enzymes results in rapid clearance rates and limited bioactivity which limits their viability as anti-obesity therapies. This work aims to address two important properties to consider when developing gut hormones as drugs: cause of degradation and immunogenicity. Using pancreatic polypeptide (PP), I developed in vitro and in vivo testing systems to identify the physiologically important mechanisms involved in PP degradation. DPPIV and NEP were identified as important enzymes and enzyme-resistant analogues of PP were designed which demonstrated greater efficacy and slower clearance rates. Subcutaneous (SC) administration of foreign exogenous peptides is known to potentially cause immunogenic reactions against the foreign peptide. The dangers of this reaction can range from mild to lethal. Currently peptide therapeutics require SC administration as oral bioavailability is low. Therefore, an aim of my studies was to explore the impact of modifications to PYY with regard to immunogenicity. To do this I assessed the impact of changes to different regions and specific amino acids of PYY. I successfully identified a region of PYY which, when modified, caused immunogenicity and what substitutions resulted in the most changes to immunogenic properties. In summary, my work demonstrated that by understanding the causes of peptide clearance and immunogenicity, safer and more efficacious analogues of gut hormones can be designed to take forward as potential treatments for obesity.
Additional file 4: of Risk prediction for breast Cancer in Han Chinese women based on a cause-specific Hazard model
Creators: name: Wang, Lu
name: Liu, Liyuan
name: Lou, Zhen
name: Ding, Lijie
name: Guan, Hui
name: Wang, Fei
name: Yu, Lixiang
name: Xiang, Yujuan
name: Zhou, Fei
name: Xue, Fuzhong
name: Yu, Zhigang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Questionnaire. An English language version of the questionnaire used in this study (PDF 84 kb)
Inflation, superheavy metastable strings and gravitational waves in non-supersymmetric flipped SU(5)
Creators: name: Lazarides, George
name: Maji, Rinku
name: Moursy, Ahmad
name: Shafi, Qaisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the NANOGrav 15 year data and other recent investigations of stochastic gravitational background radiation based on pulsar timing arrays, we show how superheavy strings survive inflation but the slightly heavier monopoles do not in a non-supersymmetric hybrid inflation model based on flipped $SU(5)$. With the dimensionless string tension parameter $G μ\sim 10^{-6}$, the gravitational wave spectrum emitted by the strings, which are metastable due to breaking caused by monopole-antimonopole quantum mechanical tunneling, is compatible with the latest NANOGrav measurement as well as the advanced LIGO-VIRGO third run data. The string network undergoes about 30 $e$-foldings of inflation which suppresses the spectrum in the LIGO-VIRGO frequency range. With the symmetry breaking chain $SU(5) \times U(1)_X \to SU(3)_c \times SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Z \times U(1)_X \to SU(3)_c \times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_ Y$, the estimated proton lifetime is of order $10^{36}-10^{37}$ yrs.
description: Revised version accepted for publication in JCAP
Double-Scaling Limit of a Broken Symmetry Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Bender, Carl M.
name: Boettcher, Stefan
name: Jones, H. F.
name: Meisinger, Peter N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ising limit of a conventional Hermitian parity-symmetric scalar quantum field theory is a correlated limit in which two bare Lagrangian parameters, the coupling constant $g$ and the {\it negative} mass squared $-m^2$, both approach infinity with the ratio $-m^2/g=α>0$ held fixed. In this limit the renormalized mass of the asymptotic theory is finite. Moreover, the limiting theory exhibits universal properties. For a non-Hermitian $\cal PT$-symmetric Lagrangian lacking parity symmetry, whose interaction term has the form $-g(iϕ)^N/N$, the renormalized mass diverges in this correlated limit. Nevertheless, the asymptotic theory still has interesting properties. For example, the one-point Green's function approaches the value $-iα^{1/(N-2)}$ independently of the space-time dimension $D$ for $D<2$. Moreover, while the Ising limit of a parity-symmetric quantum field theory is dominated by a dilute instanton gas, the corresponding correlated limit of a $\cal PT$-symmetric quantum field theory without parity symmetry is dominated by a constant-field configuration with corrections determined by a weak-coupling expansion in which the expansion parameter (the amplitude of the vertices of the graphs in this expansion) is proportional to an inverse power of $g$. We thus observe a weak-coupling/strong-coupling duality in that while the Ising limit is a strong-coupling limit of the quantum field theory, the expansion about this limit takes the form of a conventional weak-coupling expansion. A possible generalization of the Ising limit to dimensions $D<4$ is briefly discussed.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures
Semiclassical approach to the nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a non-Hermitian term
Creators: name: Kulagin, A. E.
name: Shapovalov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q20, 35Q55

description: The nonlinear Schödinger equation (NLSE) with a non-Hermitian term is the model for various phenomena in nonlinear open quantum systems. We deal with the Cauchy problem for the nonlocal generalization of multidimensional NLSE with a non-Hermitian term. Using the ideas of the Maslov method, we propose the method of constructing asymptotic solutions to this equation within the framework of semiclassically concentrated states. The semiclassical nonlinear evolution operator and symmetry operators for the leading term of asymptotics are derived. Our approach is based on the solutions of the auxiliary dynamical system that effectively linearize the problem under certain algebraic conditions. The formalism proposed is illustrated with the specific example of the NLSE with a non-Hermitian term that is the model of an atom laser. The analytical asymptotic solution to the Cauchy problem is obtained explicitly for this example.
description: 32 pages, 2 figure
Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi equation and one-particle relativistic approach
Creators: name: Della Selva, A.
name: Magnin, J.
name: Masperi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A reexamination of the semiclassical approach of the relativistic electron indicates a possible variation of its helicity for electric and magnetic static fields applied along its global motion due to zitterbewegung effects, proportional to the anomalous part of the magnetic moment.
description: 10 pages, LATEX2E, uses amsby
Bound state equation for 4 or more relativistic particles
Creators: name: Bijtebier, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the 3D reduction method we recently proposed for the N-particle Bethe-Salpeter equation to the 4-particle case. We find that the writing of the Bethe-Salpeter equation is not a straightforward task when N is larger or equal to 4, owing to the presence of mutually unconnected interactions, which could lead to an overcounting of some diagrams in the resulting full propagator. We overcome this difficulty in the N=4 case by including three counterterms in the Bethe-Salpeter kernel. The application of our 3D reduction method to the resulting Bethe-Salpeter equation suggests us a modified 3D reduction method, which gives directly the 3D potential, without the need of writing the Bethe-Salpeter kernel explicitly. The modified reduction method is usable for all N.
description: 16 pages, three figures in one PS file. In this improved version, the writing of the 3D potential is straightforward
Oestrus tarandi Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Oestridae
Oestrus
Oestrus tarandi

description: Oestrus tarandi [spec. nov.]
OE. alis immaculatis, thorace flavo fascia nigra, abdomine fulvo apice flavo. Fn. svec. 1029.
Flor. lapp. 360. n. 517.
Linn. Act. Stockh. 1739. t. 3. f. 5, 6.
Act. Upsal. 17...
Habitat intra Cervi Tarandi dorsum.
Hujus caussa Lappones quotannis cum grege migrant e Lapponia sylvatica in Alpes lapponicas.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 584, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
EPOCHS IX. When cosmic dawn breaks: Evidence for evolved stellar populations in $7 < z < 12$ galaxies from PEARLS GTO and public NIRCam imaging
Creators: name: Trussler, James A. A.
name: Conselice, Christopher J.
name: Adams, Nathan
name: Austin, Duncan
name: Ferreira, Leonardo
name: Harvey, Tom
name: Li, Qiong
name: Vijayan, Aswin P.
name: Wilkins, Stephen M.
name: Windhorst, Rogier A.
name: Bhatawdekar, Rachana
name: Cheng, Cheng
name: Coe, Dan
name: Cohen, Seth H.
name: Driver, Simon P.
name: Frye, Brenda
name: Grogin, Norman A.
name: Hathi, Nimish
name: Jansen, Rolf A.
name: Koekemoer, Anton
name: Marshall, Madeline A.
name: Nonino, Mario
name: Ortiz, Rafael
name: Pirzkal, Nor
name: Robotham, Aaron
name: Ryan, Russell E.
name: D'Silva, Jordan C. J.
name: Summers, Jake
name: Tompkins, Scott
name: Willmer, Christopher N. A.
name: Yan, Haojing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of evolved stars in high-redshift galaxies can place valuable indirect constraints on the onset of star formation in the Universe. Thus we use PEARLS GTO and public NIRCam photometric data to search for Balmer-break candidate galaxies at $7 < z < 12$. We find that our Balmer-break candidates at $z \sim 10.5$ tend to be older (115 Myr), have lower inferred [O III] + H$β$ emission line equivalent widths (120 Å), have lower specific star formation rates (6 Gyr$^{-1}$) and redder UV slopes ($β= -1.8$) than our control sample of galaxies. However, these trends all become less strong at $z \sim 8$, where the F444W filter now probes the strong rest-frame optical emission lines, thus providing additional constraints on the current star formation activity of these galaxies. Indeed, the bursty nature of Epoch of Reionisation galaxies can lead to a disconnect between their current SED profiles and their more extended star-formation histories. We discuss how strong emission lines, the cumulative effect of weak emission lines, dusty continua and AGN can all contribute to the photometric excess seen in the rest-frame optical, thus mimicking the signature of a Balmer break. Additional medium-band imaging will thus be essential to more robustly identify Balmer-break galaxies. However, the Balmer break alone cannot serve as a definitive proxy for the stellar age of galaxies, being complexly dependent on the star-formation history. Ultimately, deep NIRSpec continuum spectroscopy and MIRI imaging will provide the strongest indirect constraints on the formation era of the first galaxies in the Universe, thereby revealing when cosmic dawn breaks.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables. Updated to published version in MNRAS
Additional file 2: of Molecular characterization of carbendazim resistance of Fusarium species complex that causes sugarcane pokkah boeng disease
Creators: name: Xu, Shiqiang
name: Wang, Jihua
name: Wang, Haixuan
name: Bao, Yixue
name: Li, Yisha
name: Govindaraju, Muralidharan
name: Yao, Wei
name: Chen, Baoshan
name: Zhang, Muqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Table S2. Carbendazim sensitivity of the resistant mutants. Five mutants had higher resistance to carbendazim with EC50 over 1.0 μg a.i. mL− 1, whereas another 13 mutants had EC50 values that were similar to those for the wild type. (DOCX 17 kb)
Identification of parsimonious rainfall-runoff models for gauged and ungauged catchments
Creators: name: Wagener, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2002

description: Rainfall-runoff models are indispensable tools in most hydrological studies. However, the identification of appropriate models remains a difficult problem despite decades of research. This dissertation analyses the identification of conceptual, parsimonious (which may be best translated as parameter efficient), lumped continuous models for gauged and ungauged catchments. The emphasis of this study lies on review and development of new methodologies, not so much on extensive applications. Though different investigative examples of how these new approaches can be applied are shown and a limited case study is provided. A modelling toolkit has been developed after an extensive review of current model structures and modelling procedures. It consists of two components, a Rainfall-Runoff Modelling (RRMT) and a Monte Carlo Analysis Toolbox (MGAT). These allow for the quick implementation and evaluation of rainfall-runoff model structures, although the latter has much more general applicability. The review of local modelling procedures, i.e. applicable to gauged catchments, has lead to the analysis and further development of multi-objective procedures for model performance and identifiability analysis. A novel DYNamic Identifiability Analysis (DYNIA) methodology has been developed which, amongst other things, can be used to analyse inadequacies in a model structure. Both approaches are combined in a framework of corroboration and rejection which can be applied to any dynamic mathematical model structure. This local procedure is extended to the regional case, i.e. applicable to ungauged catchments. Regional information about model parameters is used to derive statistical relationships with catchment characteristics. Various approaches are discussed and analysed. The most promising techniques, combined with new ways of considering uncertainty in the regional modelling process, are integrated in a regional modelling framework. Both frameworks are applied in a case study to 23 catchments located in the Thames river basin in the UK, which have a particularly wide range of geologies.
Spi6 in Dendritic Cell priming of CD8 T cell responses to virus
Creators: name: Lovo, Elena
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Spi6 is a serine protease inhibitor. Its main function is inhibition of granzyme B (GrB): it is therefore an anti-apoptotic protein in cytotoxic T cells (CTL), where leakage of GrB from cytotoxic granules into the cytosol can trigger apoptosis. CTLs use GrB release to kill infected cells but they can also induce apoptosis in antigenloaded mature dendritic cells (DC) during priming. Mature DCs upregulate Spi6 and in vitro have higher resistance to CTL-induced apoptosis compared to immature ones: when Spi6 is absent, this resistance is lost. However, whether Spi6 protects DCs from CTL-mediated apoptosis in vivo is still under debate. Using mice deficient in Spi6, the project focuses on the role of Spi6 in DC survival during the priming of naïve and memory anti-Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) CD8 T cell responses. CD8α+ DCs are professional antigen presenting cells responsible for cross-presentation of viral antigens in secondary lymphoid organs. Upon maturation, Spi6 is expressed by CD8α+ DC in vivo. In our model, Spi6 KO DC antigen-presentation ability was comparable to wild-type (WT) but their survival was impaired. This resulted in defective expansion of WT LCMV-specific CD8 T cells. A similar requirement for Spi6 was found for DC priming of memory CD8 T cell expansion. GrB KO CD8 T cells rescued the priming defect in Spi6 KO mice during both primary and secondary responses, demonstrating GrB is the physiological target of Spi6 in DCs. Thus, GrB is a major immunosuppressive agent controlling the DC priming of anti-viral T cell mediated immunity.
Segment Logic
Creators: name: Wheelhouse, Mark James
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: O'Hearn, Reynolds and Yang introduced local Hoare reasoning about mutable data structures using separation logic. They reason about the local parts of the memory accessed by programs, and thus construct their smallest complete specifications. Gardner et al. generalised their work, using context logic to reason about structured data at the same level of abstraction as the data itself. In particular, we developed a formal specification of the Document Object Model (DOM), a W3C XML update library. Whilst we kept to the spirit of local reasoning, we were not able to retain small specifications for all of the commands of DOM: for example, our specification of the appendChild command was not small. We show how to obtain such small specifications by developing a more fine-grained context structure, allowing us to work with arbitrary segments of a data structure. We introduce segment logic, a logic for reasoning about such segmented data structures, staring at first with a simple tree structure, but then showing how to generalise our approach to arbitrary structured data. Using our generalised segment logic we construct a reasoning framework for abstract program modules, showing how to reason about such modules at the client level. In particular we look at modules for trees, lists, heaps and the more complex data model of DOM. An important part of any abstraction technique is an understanding of how to link the abstraction back to concrete implementations. Building on our previous abstraction and refinement work for local reasoning, we show how to soundly implement the segment models used in our abstract reasoning. In particular we show how to implement our fine-grained list and tree modules so that their abstract specifications are satisfied by the concrete implementations. We also show how our reasoning from the abstract level can be translated to reasoning at the concrete level. Finally, we turn our attention to concurrency and show how having genuine small axioms for our commands allows for a simple treatment of abstract level concurrency constructs.
The Photometric Redshift Distribution and Evolutionary Properties of Galaxies up to z= 4.5 in the Field of the Quasar BR1202-0725
Creators: name: Giallongo, E.
name: D'Odorico, S.
name: Fontana, A.
name: Cristiani, S.
name: Egami, E.
name: Hu, E.
name: McMahon, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a deep BVrIK multicolor catalog of galaxies in the field of the high redshift (z=4.7) quasar BR 1202-0725. Reliable colors have been measured for galaxies selected down to R=25. The choice of the optical filters has been optimized to define a robust multicolor selection of galaxies at 3.81.5. At variance with brighter surveys (I<22.5) there is a tail in the distribution towards high redshifts up to z~4. The luminosity function at z~0.6 shows a steepening for M_B>-19. The observed cosmological ultraviolet luminosity density is computed in the overall redshift interval z=0.3-4.5 reaching a value 2x10^{19} W/Hz/Mpc^3 at z~0.8. We have derived in a homogeneous way, using the GISSEL libraries, the physical parameters connected with the fitted spectral energy distributions. The bulk of the blue intermediate redshift population with z=0.4-1 mostly consists of very young star-forming galaxies with a median starburst age of the order of a few 10^8 yr and typical mass in luminous stars ~2x10^8 Mo.
description: 14 pages, 3 tables, 11 figures, Astronomical Journal in press