cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploiting vulnerabilities of deep neural networks for privacy protection
Creators: name: Sanchez-Matilla, Ricardo
name: Li, Chau Yi
name: Shamsabadi, Ali Shahin
name: Mazzon, Riccardo
name: Cavallaro, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adversarial perturbations can be added to images to protect their content from unwanted inferences. These perturbations may, however, be ineffective against classifiers that were not {seen} during the generation of the perturbation, or against defenses {based on re-quantization, median filtering or JPEG compression. To address these limitations, we present an adversarial attack {that is} specifically designed to protect visual content against { unseen} classifiers and known defenses. We craft perturbations using an iterative process that is based on the Fast Gradient Signed Method and {that} randomly selects a classifier and a defense, at each iteration}. This randomization prevents an undesirable overfitting to a specific classifier or defense. We validate the proposed attack in both targeted and untargeted settings on the private classes of the Places365-Standard dataset. Using ResNet18, ResNet50, AlexNet and DenseNet161 {as classifiers}, the performance of the proposed attack exceeds that of eleven state-of-the-art attacks. The implementation is available at https://github.com/smartcameras/RP-FGSM/.
Deceleration of a Relativistic, Photon-Rich Shell: End of Preacceleration, Damping of MHD Turbulence, and the Emission Mechanism of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Thompson, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We consider the interaction of a relativistically-moving shell, composed of thermal photons, a reversing magnetic field and a small admixture of charged particles, with a dense Wolf-Rayet wind. A thin outer layer of Wolf-Rayet material is entrained by the jet head; it cools and becomes Rayleigh-Taylor unstable, thereby providing an additional source of inertia and variability. Pair creation in the wind material, and the associated pre-acceleration, defines a characteristic radiative compactness at the point where the reverse shock has completed its passage back through the shell. We argue that the prompt gamma-ray emission is triggered by this external braking, at an optical depth ~1 to electron scattering. Torsional waves, excited by the forced reconnection of the reversing magnetic field, carry a fluctuating current, and are damped at high frequencies by the electrostatic acceleration of electrons and positrons. We show that inverse Compton radiation by the accelerated charges is stronger than their synchrotron emission, and is beamed along the magnetic field. Thermal radiation that is advected out from the base of the jet cools the particles. The observed relation between peak energy and isotropic luminosity is reproduced if the blackbody seeds are generated in a relativistic jet core that is subject to Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities with the Wolf-Rayet envelope. This relation is predicted to soften to E_peak ~ L_iso^{1/4} below an isotropic luminosity L_iso ~ 3x10^{50} ergs/s. The duration of spikes in the inverse-Compton emission is narrower at higher frequencies, in agreement with the observed relation. The transition from prompt gamma-ray emission to afterglow can be explained by the termination of the thermal X-ray seed and the onset of synchrotron-self-Compton emission.
description: 32 pages, 5 figures, in press in the Astrophysical Journal, vol. 647
Trade-offs Between Privacy and Performance in Encrypted Dataset using Machine Learning Models
Creators: name: Sanaullah
name: Attaullah, Hasina
name: Jungeblut, Thorsten
Publisher: name: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference
Year: 2024

description: In recent years, with the increasing importance of dataset privacy in machine learning (ML) applications, there has been an increased demand for secure and privacy-preserving solutions. Consequently, encryption techniques have become known as a critical tool for protecting data privacy in an era of massive data use, exchange, and analysis. Encryption protects data against illegal access and disclosure by changing it into unreadable ciphertext that can only be decrypted by authorized parties. In the field of ML, where sensitive data is often utilized, in such a process the use of encryption techniques has significant potential for providing privacy-preserving model training and inference. Therefore, this article analyzes, investigates, and compares three widely used encryption techniques. Each encryption method offers unique advantages and trade-offs. Thus, we evaluate the performance of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models trained on encrypted datasets using these encryption techniques to provide detailed information on the effectiveness, practical concerns, and applicability of various methods for real-world applications by completely analyzing them within the context of computer vision. We test the performance of CNN models trained on encrypted data with several encryption approaches using neural models based-architecture. Parameters such as training time, memory usage, and classification accuracy are analyzed and compared between encryption methods. We also look into the effect of encryption on model interpretability and robustness against adversarial attacks. Furthermore, to support our study we demonstrate our approach by using practical implementation—to showcase the performance and efficiency of each encryption strategy in protecting data privacy while keeping model accuracy and testing in a real-time recognition application using an edge device such as NVIDIA Jetson. Through this comparative analysis, researchers and developers can achieve a more in-depth understanding of the importance and issues involved with the integration of encryption techniques into ML especially in computer vision application workflows.
description: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference, DataNinja sAIOnARA 2024 Conference
Feeling Socially Excluded When Working With Robots
Creators: name: Arlinghaus, Clarissa Sabrina
name: Maier, Günter W.
Publisher: name: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference
Year: 2024

description: Work is not just about money, but also about satisfying social needs. We examine processes of social inclusion and exclusion among human employees and robot employees. For our current study, we chose the restaurant industry as a contemporary use case where humans and robots work together as waiters. We assume that social exclusion from either human or robot colleagues will threaten people’s needs (i.e., belonging, control, meaningful existence, self-esteem) but will be interpreted differently depending on the excluding agent (i.e., human colleague or robot colleague). Assuming different attribution processes challenges the “Computers Are Social Actors” theory and could lead the rethinking human-robot interactions or even humans interacting with technology in general.
description: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference, DataNinja sAIOnARA 2024 Conference
Herschel 158$ μ$m [CII] Observations of "CO-dark" Gas in the Perseus Giant Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Hall, K. P.
name: Stanimirović, Snežana
name: Lee, Min-Young
name: Wolfire, Mark
name: Goldsmith, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of velocity-resolved [CII] 158 $μ$m emission from both a dense and a more diffuse photodissociation region (PDR) in the Perseus giant molecular cloud (GMC) using the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared onboard the Herschel Space Telescope. We detect [CII] emission from 80\% of the total positions, with a 95\% detection rate from the dense boundary region. The integrated intensity of the [CII] emission remains relatively constant across each boundary, despite the observed range in optical extinction between 1 mag and 10 mag. This flat profile indicates a constant heating and cooling rate within both regions observed. The integrated intensity of [CII] emission is reasonably well correlated with the neutral hydrogen (HI) column density, as well as total gas column density. This, in addition to the 80$'$ (7 pc) extent of the [CII] emission from cloud center, suggests that the HI envelope plays a dominant role in explaining the [CII] emission emanating from Perseus. We compare the [CII] and $^{12}$CO integrated intensities with predictions from a 1-D, two-sided slab PDR model and show that a simple core $+$ envelope, equilibrium model without an additional "CO-dark" H$_2$ component can reproduce observations well. Additional observations are needed to disentangle how much of the [CII] emission is associated with the "CO-dark" H$_2$ gas, as well as constrain spatial variations of the dust-to-gas ratio across Perseus.
On the critical behavior of the specific heat in glass-formers
Creators: name: Fernandez, L. A.
name: Martin-Mayor, V.
name: Verrocchio, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show numeric evidence that, at low enough temperatures, the potential energy density of a glass-forming liquid fluctuates over length scales much larger than the interaction range. We focus on the behavior of translationally invariant quantities. The growing correlation length is unveiled by studying the Finite Size effects. In the thermodynamic limit, the specific heat and the relaxation time diverge as a power law. Both features point towards the existence of a critical point in the metastable supercooled liquid phase.
description: Version to be published in Phys. Rev. E
Leveraging Desirable and Undesirable Event Logs in Process Mining Tasks
Creators: name: Norouzifar, Ali
name: Van Der Aalst, Wil
Publisher: name: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference
Year: 2024

description: Traditional process mining techniques utilize one event log as input to offer organizational insights. In many applications, information regarding undesirable process aspects may exist. However, the literature lacks a comprehensive overview of their integration into process mining tasks. In our paper, we explore leveraging data from both desirable and undesirable event logs to augment existing process mining tasks and develop innovative applications. Our aim is to systematically outline the potential for enhancements in this realm.
description: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference, DataNinja sAIOnARA 2024 Conference
MPEC 2024-A142 : 2024 AP3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AP3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Dueling Bandits with Delayed Feedback
Creators: name: Brandt, Jasmin
name: Haddenhorst, Björn
name: Bengs, Viktor
name: Hüllermeier, Eyke
Publisher: name: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference
Year: 2024

description: Dueling Bandits is a well-studied extension of the Multi-Armed Bandits problem, in which the learner must select two arms in each time step and receives a binary feedback as an outcome of the chosen duel. However, all of the existing best arm identification algorithms for the Dueling Bandits setting assume that the feedback can be observed immediately after selecting the two arms. If this is not the case, the algorithms simply do nothing and wait until the feedback of the recent duel can be observed, which is a waste of runtime. We propose an algorithm that can already start a new duel even if the previous one is not finished and thus is much more time efficient. Our arm selection strategy balances the expected information gain of the chosen duel and the expected delay until we observe the feedback. By theoretically grounded confidence bounds we can ensure that the arms we discard are not the best arms with high probability.
description: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference, DataNinja sAIOnARA 2024 Conference
Finding Commonalities in Dynamical Systems with Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Besginow, Andreas
name: Hüwel, Jan David
name: Lange-Hegermann, Markus
name: Beecks, Christian
Publisher: name: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference
Year: 2024

description: Gaussian processes can be utilized in the area of equation discovery to identify differential equations describing the physical processes present in time series data.
Furthermore, automatically constructed models can be split into components that facilitate comparisons between time series on a structural level. We consider the potential combination of these two methods and describe how they could be used to detect shared physical properties in multiple recordings of dynamical systems as time series. This approach provides insights into the underlying dynamics of the observed systems, facilitating a deeper understanding of complex processes.
description: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference, DataNinja sAIOnARA 2024 Conference
Bose-Hubbard model with attractive interactions
Creators: name: Jack, Michael W.
name: Yamashita, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Bose-Hubbard model of atoms in an optical lattice potential when the atom-atom interactions are attractive. If the lowest energy lattice sites are degenerate (such as in the homogeneous case), then, at a critical value of the interaction strength, a phase-coherent condensate becomes unstable to a quantum superposition such that the number distribution of each of the degenerate sites becomes double peaked. In the limit when the interaction dominates, the superposition becomes macroscopic and has the form $|ψ>\propto\sum_{j} e^{iϕ_{j}}\hat{b}^{\dagger N}_{j}|{\rm vac}>$, where $N$ is the total number of atoms and the sum ranges over the energy-degenerate sites.
description: 4 pager, 5 figures, accepted for publication in PRA
TRADE, UNCERTAINTY AND NEW FARM PROGRAMS
Creators: name: Tweeten, Luther G.
name: Tweeten, Luther G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: I have contended for some years that the principal economic problem facing commercial agriculture is instability (Tweeten 1989, p.30). Instability potentially threatens not only farmers' financial viability but also consumers' food security, given the desire for stable food consumption in the face of production destabilized by man and nature. Some observers expect instability to be a more pressing food security problem because of global farm policy liberalization (see Johnston and Schertz, p.24; for an alternative view see Collins and Glauber). Trade policy and farm commodity policy are inextricably linked. This paper recognizes that both types of policies are causes and cures for economic instability. The paper begins with an examination of the contribution of two key variables, yields and exports, to economic volatility in agriculture that could influence the need for commodity program stabilization policies. Trends in annual yield volatility give clues whether changing technology is affecting food system stability over time. The second section of the paper quantifies sources of food system variability in the United States. Emphasis is on the role of exports as a stabilizer or destabilizer of that system. Finally, the paper expands its scope to examine instability and public policy considerations within the new paradigm for American agriculture which I have outlined in another paper with Carl Zulauf (Tweeten and Zulauf). The concluding section raises serious concerns over consequences of political pressure for higher commodity loan rates and for crop and revenue insurance programs featuring larger public income transfers from taxpayers to farmers.
Effect of different heat treatments on the characteristics of Ras cheese during ripening.pdf
Creators: name: Hammam, Ahmed
name: Tammam, Adel A.
name: AbdEl-Rahim, Ali M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90805 Food Processing
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 90899 Food Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The effect of thermization and pasteurization on the chemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of Ras cheese was studied. Ras cheese was made from raw, thermized, and pasteurized milk and ripened at 13 ± 2 °C and relative humidity of 80 ± 5% for 3 mo. Cheeses were analyzed when fresh and after 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days of ripening for moisture, acidity, fat, soluble protein, total nitrogen, salt, and total volatile fatty acids. Also, cheeses were examined for flavour, appearance, body and texture through 3 mo. Cheese made from raw milk was scored much higher for flavour than those made from thermized and pasteurized milk. Cheese with high total volatile acidity was characterized by good flavour. On the other hand, thermized and pasteurized milk cheeses were characterized by more compact body and smoother texture, particularly pasteurized milk cheese. Few holes and cracks were seen in thermized and pasteurized milk cheese.
An Automatically Created Novel Bug Dataset and its Validation in Bug Prediction
Creators: name: Ferenc, Rudolf
name: Gyimesi, Péter
name: Gyimesi, Gábor
name: Tóth, Zoltán
name: Gyimóthy, Tibor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bugs are inescapable during software development due to frequent code changes, tight deadlines, etc.; therefore, it is important to have tools to find these errors. One way of performing bug identification is to analyze the characteristics of buggy source code elements from the past and predict the present ones based on the same characteristics, using e.g. machine learning models. To support model building tasks, code elements and their characteristics are collected in so-called bug datasets which serve as the input for learning. We present the \emph{BugHunter Dataset}: a novel kind of automatically constructed and freely available bug dataset containing code elements (files, classes, methods) with a wide set of code metrics and bug information. Other available bug datasets follow the traditional approach of gathering the characteristics of all source code elements (buggy and non-buggy) at only one or more pre-selected release versions of the code. Our approach, on the other hand, captures the buggy and the fixed states of the same source code elements from the narrowest timeframe we can identify for a bug's presence, regardless of release versions. To show the usefulness of the new dataset, we built and evaluated bug prediction models and achieved F-measure values over 0.74.
COMETH - An Active Learning Approach Enhanced with Large Language Models
Creators: name: Zelba, Franziska
name: Hittmeyer, Stefanie
name: Benndorf, Gesa
Publisher: name: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference
Year: 2024

description: We present a system for supervision of technical processes, called COMETH, which involves an active learning approach. The system is able to identify anomalies with very little training data, through an efficient feedback process. COMETH has been successfully applied in the context of heating ventilation and air conditioning systems and in industrial machinery. Here, we describe the idea of combining the time series analysis COMETH with large language models to integrate further context information and thus provide the user with specific recommendations.
description: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference, DataNinja sAIOnARA 2024 Conference
Improved Recursive Computation of Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients
Creators: name: Xu, Guanglang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast, accurate, and stable computation of the Clebsch-Gordan (C-G) coefficients is always desirable, for example, in light scattering simulations, the translation of the multipole fields, quantum physics and chemistry. Current recursive methods for computing the C-G coefficients are often unstable for large quantum numbers due to numerical overflow or underflow. In this paper, we present an improved method, the so-called sign-exponent recurrence, for the recursive computation of C-G coefficients. The result shows that the proposed method can significantly improve the stability of the computation without losing its efficiency, producing accurate values for the C-G coefficients even with very large quantum numbers.
description: 15 pages, 3 figure, 1 table
Pretransitional behavior in a water-DDAB-5CB microemulsion close to the demixing transition. Evidence for intermicellar attraction mediated by paranematic fluctuations
Creators: name: Caggioni, Marco
name: Giacometti, Achille
name: Bellini, Tommaso
name: Clark, Noel A.
name: Mantegazza, Francesco
name: Maritan, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of a water-in-oil microemulsion in which surfactant coated water nanodroplets are dispersed in the isotropic phase of the thermotropic liquid crystal 5CB. As the temperature is lowered below the isotropic to nematic phase transition of pure 5CB, the system displays a demixing transition leading to a coexistence of a droplet rich isotropic phase with a droplet poor nematic. The transition is anticipated, in the high T side, by increasing pretransitional fluctuations in 5CB molecular orientation and in the nanodroplet concentration. The observed phase behavior supports the notion that the nanosized droplets, while large enough for their statistical behavior to be probed via light scattering, are also small enough to act as impurities, disturbing the local orientational ordering of the liquid crystal and thus experiencing pretransitional attractive interaction mediated by paranematic fluctuations. The pretransitional behavior, together with the topology of the phase diagram, can be understood on the basis of a diluted Lebwohl-Lasher model which describes the nanodroplets simply as holes in the liquid crystal.
description: 64 pages, 16 figures, J. Chem. Phys. in press
Linguistic-Based Reflection on Trust Calibration in Conversations with LLM-Based Chatbots
Creators: name: Belosevic, Milena
name: Buschmeier, Hendrik
Publisher: name: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference
Year: 2024

description: This paper presents a linguistic approach to trust in human conversations with LLM-based chatbots. Using the concept of trust calibration as a starting point, we aim to address the question of how to increase user AI literacy and prevent misuse of as well as overtrust in the information provided by LLM-based chatbots in educational contexts. We propose a linguistic-based model of trust calibration that supports users in adopting a critical perspective on trust calibration and controlling their trust level. The method combines previous studies on trust in human interaction, specifically linguistic trust cues displayed by human trustors to indicate their level of trustworthiness in naturally occurring contexts with studies on proactive human-computer interaction and the social influence of conversational agent's embodiment in educational contexts.
description: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference, DataNinja sAIOnARA 2024 Conference
META-RULES
Creators: name: Schreiner, Mark
name: Schreiner, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Meta-rules, or rules for making rules, determine the costs of innovation and thus the pace of economic growth. Adapting rules to a changing economic environment through explicit, well-designed meta- rules makes economic growth quicker, less painful, and more certain than adapting rules through chance-based evolution.
การแสดงบทบาททางอัตลักษณ์ในการเปลี่ยนแปลงการใช้สอยของตึกแถวบริเวณกรุงรัตนโกสินทร์
Creators: name: พีรยา บุญประสงค์
Publisher: name: Thammasat University
Year: 2022
Subjects: อัตลักษณ์ของถิ่นที่
บทบาททางอัตลักษณ์
การเปลี่ยนแปลงการใช้สอย
ตึกแถว
กรุงรัตนโกสินทร์

description: Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies, 19, 1, 1-20
Magnetic response of carbon nanotubes from ab initio calculations
Creators: name: Marques, Miguel A. L.
name: d'Avezac, Mayeul
name: Mauri, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present {\it ab initio} calculations of the magnetic susceptibility and of the $^{13}$C chemical shift for carbon nanotubes, both isolated and in bundles. These calculations are performed using the recently proposed gauge-including projector augmented-wave approach for the calculation of magnetic response in periodic insulating systems. We have focused on the semiconducting zigzag nanotubes with diameters ranging from 0.6 to 1.6 nm. Both the susceptibility and the isotropic shift exhibit a dependence with the diameter (D) and the chirality of the tube (although this dependence is stronger for the susceptibility). The isotropic shift behaves asymptotically as $α/D + 116.0$, where $α$ is a different constant for each family of nanotubes. For a tube diameter of around 1.2 nm, a value normally found in experimental samples, our results are in excellent agreement with experiments. Moreover, we calculated the chemical shift of a double-wall tube. We found a diamagnetic shift of the isotropic lines corresponding to the atoms of the inner tube due to the effect of the outer tube. This shift is in good agreement with recent experiments, and can be easily explained by demagnetizing currents circulating the outer tube.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
A DIFFERENTIATED GOODS MODEL OF THE EFFECTS OF EUROPEAN POLICIES IN INTERNATIONAL POULTRY MARKETS
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Scobie, Grant M.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Scobie, Grant M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The Common Agricultural Policy increases European poultry production costs, prohibits imports, increases domestic prices, and subsidizes exports. This policy has displaced some U.S. exports. However, the net impact in the U.S. has been quite modest, even assuming poultry is homogeneous, independent of source country. Costs to U.S. producers are almost entirely offset by gains to U.S. consumers. Effects in the U.S. are even smaller when imperfect substitutability between poultry from different countries is accounted for. A retaliatory U.S. export subsidy would have more dramatic effects in U.S. markets.
ผลการใช้งานแผนที่นูนต่ำนําทางคนตาบอดในศูนย์ส่งเสริมและพัฒนาคุณภาพชีวิตคนพิการภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ
Creators: name: นิธิวดี ทองป้อง
Publisher: name: Thammasat University
Year: 2022
Subjects: แผนที่นูนต่ำ
นําทาง
คนตาบอด

description: Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies, 19, 1, 83-98
The magnetoelectric effect due to a semispherical capacitor surrounded by a spherical topologically insulating shell
Creators: name: Velázquez, Daniel G.
name: Urrutia, L. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the magnetoelectric effect produced by a capacitor formed by two semispherical perfectly conducting plates subjected to a potential difference and surrounded by a spherical shell of a topologically insulating material. The modified Maxwell equations are solved in terms of coupled electric and magnetic scalar potentials using spherical coordinates and in the approximation where the effective magnetoelectric coupling is of the order of the fine structure constant. The emphasis is placed in the calculation of the magnetic field for several relevant configurations designed to enhance the possibility of measuring this field. The magnitudes we obtain fall within the sensitivities of magnetometers based upon nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond as well as of devices using scanning SQUID magnetometry.
description: 23 p., 15 figs. Version before peer review or editing submitted to Physica Scripta. IOP Publishing is not resposible for any error or omission in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Accepted Manuscript version is available at doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/aba584 and contains improvements in the Abstract, the Introduction and the Conclusions. Results are unchanged
Multi-state epidemic processes on complex networks
Creators: name: Masuda, Naoki
name: Konno, Norio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Infectious diseases are practically represented by models with multiple states and complex transition rules corresponding to, for example, birth, death, infection, recovery, disease progression, and quarantine. In addition, networks underlying infection events are often much more complex than described by meanfield equations or regular lattices. In models with simple transition rules such as the SIS and SIR models, heterogeneous contact rates are known to decrease epidemic thresholds. We analyze steady states of various multi-state disease propagation models with heterogeneous contact rates. In many models, heterogeneity simply decreases epidemic thresholds. However, in models with competing pathogens and mutation, coexistence of different pathogens for small infection rates requires network-independent conditions in addition to heterogeneity in contact rates. Furthermore, models without spontaneous neighbor-independent state transitions, such as cyclically competing species, do not show heterogeneity effects.
description: 7 figures, 1 table
Question Answering from Healthcare Fora
Creators: name: Schmidt, David M.
name: Cimiano, Philipp
Publisher: name: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference
Year: 2024

description: Assessing the quality of life of cancer patients is an important aspect of patient-focused drug development and real-world evidence generation. Specialized quality of life questionnaires exist for this purpose, and different types of cancer, such as breast cancer or lung cancer, can be assessed. However, conducting these surveys is a time-consuming process for both patients and clinical staff. At the same time, many patients discuss their experiences with and symptoms of their specific diseases in online healthcare fora. These forum posts may contain information that could be used to answer quality of life questions. Our objective is to determine whether forum posts can be used to answer quality of life questionnaires and, if so, whether this process can be automated successfully.
description: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference, DataNinja sAIOnARA 2024 Conference
Wigner Functions and Separability for Finite Systems
Creators: name: Pittenger, Arthur O.
name: Rubin, Morton H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A discussion of discrete Wigner functions in phase space related to mutually unbiased bases is presented. This approach requires mathematical assumptions which limits it to systems with density matrices defined on complex Hilbert spaces of dimension p^n where p is a prime number. With this limitation it is possible to define a phase space and Wigner functions in close analogy to the continuous case. That is, we use a phase space that is a direct sum of n two-dimensional vector spaces each containing p^2 points. This is in contrast to the more usual choice of a two-dimensional phase space containing p^(2n) points. A useful aspect of this approach is that we can relate complete separability of density matrices and their Wigner functions in a natural way. We discuss this in detail for bipartite systems and present the generalization to arbitrary numbers of subsystems when p is odd. Special attention is required for two qubits (p=2) and our technique fails to establish the separability property for more than two qubits.
description: Some misprints have been corrected and a proof of the separability of the A matrices has been added
Time Series Approach to the Evolution of Networks: Prediction and Estimation
Creators: name: Bykhovskaya, Anna
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The paper analyzes non-negative multivariate time series which we interpret as weighted networks. We introduce a model where each coordinate of the time series represents a given edge across time. The number of time periods is treated as large compared to the size of the network. The model specifies the temporal evolution of a weighted network that combines classical autoregression with non-negativity, a positive probability of vanishing, and peer effect interactions between weights assigned to edges in the process. The main results provide criteria for stationarity vs. explosiveness of the network evolution process and techniques for estimation of the parameters of the model and for prediction of its future values. Natural applications arise in networks of fixed number of agents, such as countries, large corporations, or small social communities. The paper provides an empirical implementation of the approach to monthly trade data in European Union. Overall, the results confirm that incorporating non-negativity of dependent variables into the model matters and incorporating peer effects leads to the improved prediction power.
Activation mechanisms in sodium-doped Silicon MOSFETs
Creators: name: Ferrus, T.
name: George, R.
name: Barnes, C. H. W.
name: Lumpkin, N.
name: Paul, D. J.
name: Pepper, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the temperature dependence of the conductivity of a silicon MOSFET containing sodium ions in the oxide above 20 K. We find the impurity band resulting from the presence of charges at the silicon-oxide interface is split into a lower and an upper band. We have observed activation of electrons from the upper band to the conduction band edge as well as from the lower to the upper band. A possible explanation implying the presence of Hubbard bands is given.
description: published in J. Phys. : Condens. Matter
แนวทางการออกแบบเพื่อนําเสนอรูปแบบการจักสานของไทยเพื่อประยุกต์ใช้ไม้ยางพาราในการออกแบบสถาปัตยกรรมไทยร่วมสมัย
Creators: name: ปานวาด วรเสถียร
Publisher: name: Thammasat University
Year: 2022
Subjects: ไม้ยางพารา
ภูมิปัญญา
การจักสาน
การประยุกต์ใช้
สถาปัตยกรรมไทยร่วมสมัย

description: Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies, 19, 1, 139-160
Comparing Shapley Value Approximation Methods for Unsupervised Feature Importance
Creators: name: Kolpaczki, Patrick
Publisher: name: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference
Year: 2024

description: Assigning importance scores to features is a common approach to gain insights about a prediction model’s behavior or even the data itself. Beyond explainability, such scores can also be of utility to conduct feature selection and make unlabeled high-dimensional data manageable. One way to derive scores is by adopting a game-theoretical view in which features are understood as agents that can form groups and cooperate for which they obtain a reward. Splitting the reward among the features appropriately yields the desired scores. The Shapley value is the most popular reward sharing solution. However, its exponential complexity renders it inapplicable for high-dimensional data unless an efficient approximation is available. We empirically compare selected approximation algorithms for quantifying feature importance on unlabeled data.
description: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference, DataNinja sAIOnARA 2024 Conference
Gravitational waves, inflation and the cosmic microwave background: towards testing the slow-roll paradigm
Creators: name: Ungarelli, Carlo
name: Corasaniti, Pier Stefano
name: Mercer, R. A.
name: Vecchio, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the fundamental and yet untested predictions of inflationary models is the generation of a very weak cosmic background of gravitational radiation. We investigate the sensitivity required for a space-based gravitational wave laser interferometer with peak sensitivity at $\sim 1$ Hz to observe such signal as a function of the model parameters and compare it with indirect limits that can be set with data from present and future cosmic microwave background missions. We concentrate on signals predicted by slow-roll single field inflationary models and instrumental configurations such as those proposed for the LISA follow-on mission: Big Bang Observer.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, uses iopart.cls. Typos corrected, references added, accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Single-bubble dynamics in histotripsy and high-amplitude ultrasound: Modeling and validation
Creators: name: Mancia, Lauren
name: Rodriguez, Mauro
name: Sukovich, Jonathan
name: Xu, Zhen
name: Johnsen, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variety of approaches have been used to model the dynamics of a single, isolated bubble nucleated by a microsecond length high-amplitude ultrasound pulse (e.g., a histotripsy pulse). Until recently, the lack of single--bubble experimental radius vs. time data for bubble dynamics under a well-characterized driving pressure has limited model validation efforts. This study uses radius vs. time measurements of single, spherical histotripsy-nucleated bubbles in water [Wilson et al., Phys. Rev. E, 2019, 99, 043103] to quantitatively compare and validate a variety of bubble dynamics modeling approaches, including compressible and incompressible models as well as different thermal models. A strategy for inferring an analytic representation of histotripsy waveforms directly from experimental radius vs. time and cavitation threshold data is presented. We compare distributions of a calculated validation metric obtained for each model applied to $88$ experimental data sets. There is minimal distinction ($< 1\%$) among the modeling approaches for compressibility and thermal effects considered in this study. These results suggest that our proposed strategy to infer the waveform, combined with simple models minimizing parametric uncertainty and computational resource demands accurately represent single-bubble dynamics in histotripsy, including at and near the maximum bubble radius. Remaining sources of parametric and model-based uncertainty are discussed.
VIRGINIA FARMERS' SOIL CONSERVATION DECISIONS: AN APPLICATION OF TOBIT ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Norris, Patricia E.
name: Batie, Sandra S.
name: Norris, Patricia E.
name: Batie, Sandra S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Using data from a survey of farm operators in two Virginia counties, the authors analyze farmers' soil conservation decisions. Results indicate that financial factors, including income and debt, are the most important influences on the sample farmers' use of conservation practices. Additional factors such as perception of erosion, education level, off-farm employment, and tenancy also influence conservation expenditures. Factors influencing conservation tillage acreage differ from those influencing expenditures for other conservation practices. In particular, age and race of the operator and on-farm erosion potential are significantly related to the use of conservation tillage but not other practices. These results are discussed in terms of their implications for conservation programs.
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the City of Yakima Naches River Water Treatment Plant Intake and River Stabilization Project, and the Nelson Dam Removal Project, Yakima County, Washington
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2020

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2020-02799; ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2020-02714
Time Domain Studies of X-ray Shot Noise in Cygnus X-1
Creators: name: Focke, Warren
name: Swank, Jean
name: Wai, Larry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the variability of Cygnus X-1 in the context of shot moise models, and employ a peak detection algorithm to select individual shots. For a long observation of the low, hard state, the distribution of time intervals between shots is found to be consistent with a purely random process, contrary to previous claims in the literature. The detected shots are fit to several model templates and found to have a broad range of shapes. The fitted shots have a distribution of timescales from below 10 milliseconds to above 1 second. The coherence of the cross spectrum of light curves of these data in different energy bands is also studied. The observed high coherence implies that the transfer function between low and high energy variability is uniform. The uniformity of the tranfer function implies that the observed distribution of shot widths cannot have been acquired through Compton scattering. Our results in combination with other results in the literature suggest that shot luminosities are correlated with one another. We discuss how our experimental methodology relates to non-linear models of variability.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal on July 16, 2005
Is it Possible to Characterize Group Fairness in Rankings in Terms of Individual Fairness and Diversity?
Creators: name: Balestra, Chiara
Publisher: name: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference
Year: 2024

description: Rankings are ever-present in everyday life. Examples are the results of personalized recommendations and web search queries. Rankings can result from an algorithm, importance scores and human-based rankings of items. Till we are not concerned with societal applications, the “fairness“ of the ranking is often irrelevant; however, problems appear when switching from depersonalized items to individuals. Then, suddenly, fairness becomes an issue. We investigate the relationships among group fairness, individual fairness, diversity, and Shapley values. Far from being a comprehensive survey of fairness-related papers or proposing a new method, we want to raise awareness of the chaos we are trying to navigate and propose some new research direction we are trying to follow.
description: DataNinja sAIOnARA Conference, DataNinja sAIOnARA 2024 Conference
THE TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF ILLINOIS GRAIN FARMS: AN APPLICATION OF A RAY-HOMOTHETIC PRODUCTION FUNCTION
Creators: name: Aly, Hassan Y.
name: Belbase, Krishna P.
name: Grabowski, Richard
name: Kraft, Steven E.
name: Aly, Hassan Y.
name: Belbase, Krishna P.
name: Grabowski, Richard
name: Kraft, Steven E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The purpose of this paper is to measure the extent of technical inefficiency among a sample of Illinois grain farms using the corrected ordinary least squares method. Instead of assuming a Cobb-Douglas production function, a linear form of the ray-homothetic is used. The results show a significant amount of technical inefficiency among all the farms in the sample, but with large farms being less technically inefficient than small farms.
Single-channel fits and K-matrix constraints
Creators: name: Workman, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A K-matrix formalism is used to relate single-channel and multi-channel fits. We show how the single-channel formalism changes as new hadronic channels become accessible. These relations are compared to those commonly used to fit pseudoscalar meson photoproduction data.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures. A numerical example has been added
Electrically detected electron spin resonance in a high mobility silicon quantum well
Creators: name: Matsunami, Junya
name: Ooya, Mitsuaki
name: Okamoto, Tohru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resistivity change due to electron spin resonance (ESR) absorption is investigated in a high-mobility two-dimensional electron system formed in a Si/SiGe heterostructure. Results for a specific Landau level configuration demonstrate that the primary cause of the ESR signal is a reduction of the spin polarization, not the effect of electron heating. The longitudinal spin relaxation time T_1 is obtained to be of the order of 1 ms in an in-plane magnetic field of 3.55 T. The suppression of the effect of the Rashba fields due to high-frequency spin precession explains the very long T_1.
description: to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett
Ebied, Rifaay Y. und Thomas, David (Hrsg.). Muslim-Christian Polemic during the Crusades
Creators: name: Walbiner, Carsten-Michael
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 91 (2007): Oriens christianus, Band 91
Election Control by Manipulating Issue Significance
Creators: name: Estornell, Andrew
name: Das, Sanmay
name: Elkind, Edith
name: Vorobeychik, Yevgeniy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Integrity of elections is vital to democratic systems, but it is frequently threatened by malicious actors. The study of algorithmic complexity of the problem of manipulating election outcomes by changing its structural features is known as election control. One means of election control that has been proposed is to select a subset of issues that determine voter preferences over candidates. We study a variation of this model in which voters have judgments about relative importance of issues, and a malicious actor can manipulate these judgments. We show that computing effective manipulations in this model is NP-hard even with two candidates or binary issues. However, we demonstrate that the problem is tractable with a constant number of voters or issues. Additionally, while it remains intractable when voters can vote stochastically, we exhibit an important special case in which stochastic voting enables tractable manipulation.