cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Local cohomology tables of sequentially almost Cohen-Macaulay modules
Creators: name: Meng, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D45

description: Let $R$ be a polynomial ring over a field. We introduce the concept of sequentially almost Cohen-Macaulay modules and describe the extremal rays of the cone of local cohomology tables of finitely generated graded $R$-modules which are sequentially almost Cohen-Macaulay, and describe some cases when the local cohomology table of a module of dimension 3 has a nontrivial decomposition.
description: Final version, published in Journal of Algebra
Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Roles of Priva Cordifolia Leaf Extracts on HepG2 Cell Line
Creators: name: S, Bhavanisha Rithiga
name: Joy, Shilpa
name: Thomas, John
name: B, Praveen Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The phytochemical constituents in Priva cordifolia leaf extracts and their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas sp. were determined along with antioxidant property . HepG2 cells were used to test the hepatoprotective and cytoprotective effects of P. cordifolia leaf extracts by evaluating the levels of liver enzymes AST and ALT. The inhibitory zone against E. coli and Pseudomonas sp.       by the ethanolic extract was effective than     the aqueous extract. At 100 µg mL−1, the ethanolic extract had the highest Fe3+ reducing ability of 89.52% and improved cell viability and decreased AST and ALT levels in CCl4-damaged HepG2 cells.
The LVS Parametric Tadpole Constraint
Creators: name: Gao, Xin
name: Hebecker, Arthur
name: Schreyer, Simon
name: Venken, Victoria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large volume scenario (LVS) for de Sitter compactifications of the type IIB string is, at least in principle, well protected from various unknown corrections. The reason is that, by construction, the Calabi-Yau volume is exponentially large. However, as has recently been emphasised, in practice the most explicit models are rather on the border of parametric control. We identify and quantify parametrically what we believe to be the main issue behind this difficulty. Namely, a large volume implies a shallow AdS minimum and hence a small uplift. The latter, if it relies on an anti-D3 in a throat, requires a large negative tadpole. As our main result, we provide a simple and explicit formula for what this tadpole has to be in order to control the most dangerous corrections. The fundamental ingredients are parameters specifying the desired quality of control. We comment on the interplay between our constraint and the tadpole conjecture. We also discuss directions for future work which could lead to LVS constructions satisfying the tadpole constraint with better control, as well as further challenges that may exist for the LVS. Our formula then represents a very concrete challenge for future searches for and the understanding of relevant geometries.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure v2: minor improvements, references added and new appendix on more precise warp factor added, v3: improvement of the W_0 bound, references added, v4: minor typos corrected
Emergent magnonic singularities in anti parity-time symmetric synthetic antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Sui, Chao-Wei
name: Yuan, Shao-Hua
name: Wang, Xi-Guang
name: Berakdar, Jamal
name: Jia, Chenglong
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 538

description: We study the impact of the transition across the anti-parity-time (anti-$\mathcal{PT}$) symmetry breaking point on the low-energy spin excitations in a synthetic antiferromagnet (SyAFM) that consists of two magnetic layers coupled antiferromagnetically via the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida (RKKY) interaction. When varying the interlayer (RKKY) coupling strength a degeneracy point (exceptional point) is reached beyond which the system enters the anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry-broken phase. This phase is marked by the emergence of a finite net magnetization and low-lying excitations beyond the Goldstone modes in the anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry-preserved phase. For systems hosting an interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, we find a bound state in the continuum with a maximal coherent superposition of SyAFM excitations without any radiation. Analytical results for linearized models are corroborated with full numerical micromagnetic simulations endorsing the robustness and generalities of the theory predictions.
Modelling volume-outcome relationships in health care
Creators: name: Gutzeit, Maurilio
name: Rauh, Johannes
name: Kähler, Maximilian
name: Cederbaum, Jona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62P10

description: Despite the ongoing strong interest in associations between quality of care and the volume of health care providers, a unified statistical framework for analyzing them is missing, and many studies suffer from poor statistical modelling choices. We propose a flexible, additive mixed model for studying volume-outcome associations in health care that takes into account individual patient characteristics as well as provider-specific effects through a multi-level approach. More specifically, we treat volume as a continuous variable, and its effect on the considered outcome is modelled as a smooth function. We take account of different case-mixes by including patient-specific risk factors and of clustering on the provider level through random intercepts. This strategy enables us to extract a smooth volume effect as well as volume-independent provider effects. These two quantities can be compared directly in terms of their magnitude, which gives insight into the sources of variability of quality of care. Based on a causal DAG, we derive conditions under which the volume-effect can be interpreted as a causal effect. The paper provides confidence sets for each of the estimated quantities relying on joint estimation of all effects and parameters. Our approach is illustrated through simulation studies and an application to German health care data.
 Keywords: health care quality measurement, volume-outcome analysis, minimum provider volume, additive regression models, random intercept
Study of the Polyphenolic Constituents, In-Vitro Anti-Glycation, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Eucalyptus globulus Leaves Extracts
Creators: name: Hamad, Miral
name: Nassar, Nadine
name: Hanania, Michel
name: Al-Rimawi, Fuad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Eucalyptus leaves were extracted by two methods: Soxhlet extraction using different solvents and ratios, and by soaking in ethanol. The 60% ethanol extract furnished 29.9% and 44.4% inhibition of Anti-Glycation End products at 120 and 300 ppm concentrations, respectively. All extracts displayed notable antioxidant activity (FRAP). The 60% ethanol and soaked samples had the highest total phenolic content, whereas the ethyl acetate extract had the highest total flavonoids and alkaloids. Extracts displayed higher antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) than Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Detected phytochemicals included gallic acid, rutin, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, and kaempferol.
Searching of clinical trials made easier in cBioPortal using patients' genetic and clinical profiles
Creators: name: Unberath, Philipp
name: Mahlmeister, Lukas
name: Reimer, Niklas
name: Busch, Hauke
name: Boerries, Melanie
name: Christoph, Jan
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 607

description: Background: Molecular tumor boards (MTBs) cope with the complexity of an increased usage of genome sequencing data in cancer treatment. As for most of these patients, guideline-based therapy options are exhausted, finding matching clinical trials is crucial. This search process is often performed manually and therefore time consuming and complex due to the heterogeneous and challenging dataset. Objectives: In this study, a prototype for a search tool was developed to demonstrate how cBioPortal as a clinical and genomic patient data source can be integrated with ClinicalTrials.gov, a database of clinical studies to simplify the search for trials based on genetic and clinical data of a patient. The design of this tool should rest on the specific needs of MTB participants and the architecture of the integration should be as lightweight as possible and should not require manual curation of trial data in advance with the goal of quickly and easily finding a matching study. Methods: Based on a requirements analysis, interviewing MTB experts, a prototype was developed. It was further refined using a user-centered development process with multiple feedback loops. Finally, the usability of the application was evaluated with user interviews including the thinking-aloud protocol and the system usability scale (SUS) questionnaire. Results: The integration of ClinicalTrials.gov in cBioPortal is achieved by a new tab in the patient view where the genomic profile for the search is prefilled and additional parameters can be adjusted. These parameters are then used to query the application programming interface (API) of ClinicalTrials.gov. The returned search results subsequently are ranked and presented to the user. The evaluation of the application resulted in an SUS score of 83.5. Conclusion: This work demonstrates the integration of cBioPortal with ClinicalTrials.gov to use clinical and genomic patient data to search for appropriate trials within an MTB.
Loops, Local Corrections and Warping in the LVS and other Type IIB Models
Creators: name: Gao, Xin
name: Hebecker, Arthur
name: Schreyer, Simon
name: Venken, Victoria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To establish metastable de Sitter vacua or even just scale-separated AdS, control over perturbative corrections to the string-derived leading-order 4d lagrangian is crucial. Such corrections can be classified in three types: First, there are genuine loop effects, insensitive to the UV completion of the 10d theory. Second, there are local $α'$ corrections or, equivalently, 10d higher-dimension operators which may or may not be related to loop-effects. Third, warping corrections affect the 4d Kahler potential but are expected not to violate the 4d no-scale structure. With this classification in mind, we attempt to derive the Berg-Haack-Pajer conjecture for Kahler corrections in type-IIB Calabi-Yau orientifolds and extend it to include further terms. This is crucial since the interesting applications of this conjecture are in the context of generic Calabi-Yau geometries rather than in the torus-based models from which the main motivation originally stems. As an important by-product, we resolve a known apparent inconsistency between the parametric behaviour of string loop results and field-theoretic expectations. Our findings lead to some interesting new statements concerning loop effects associated with blowup-cycles, loop corrections in fibre inflation, and possible logarithmic effects in the Kahler and scalar potential.
description: 52 pages, 5 figures v2: minor corrections, v3: version accepted for publication on JHEP
Sign-reversed anomalous Nernst effect in the ferromagnetic Weyl-semimetal Fe$_{3-x}$GeTe$_2$: the role of Fe vacancies
Creators: name: Yang, Haiyang
name: Wang, Qi
name: Huang, Junwu
name: Wang, Zhouliang
name: Xia, Keqi
name: Cao, Chao
name: Tian, Mingliang
name: Xu, Zhuan
name: Dai, Jianhui
name: Li, Yuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalous Nernst effect, as a thermal partner of anomalous Hall effect, is particularly sensitive to the Berry curvature anomaly near the Fermi level, and has been used to probe the topological nature of quantum materials. In this work, we report the observation of both effects in the ferromagnetic Weyl-semimetal Fe$_{3-x}$GeTe$_2$ with tunable Fe vacancies. With decreasing Fe vacancies, the anomalous Hall conductivity evolves as a function of the longitudinal conductivity from the hopping region to the region where the intrinsic Berry curvature contribution dominates. Concomitant evolutions in the anomalous Nernst signal and the anomalous off-diagonal thermoelectric coefficient are observed below the Curie temperature, displaying a unique sign change caused by the Fe vacancies. Combining these results with first-principles calculations, we argue that the Fe-vacancy concentration plays a unique role in simultaneously tuning the chemical potential and ferromagnetism, which in turn controls the Berry curvature contribution in this family of ferromagnetic topological semimetals.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; Accepted by SCIENCE CHINA Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy
Involutory permutation automorphisms of binary linear codes
Creators: name: Aksu, Fatma Altunbulak
name: Hafezieh, Roghayeh
name: Tuvay, İpek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94B05, 11T71, 20B05

description: We investigate the properties of binary linear codes of even length whose permutation automorphism group is a cyclic group generated by an involution. Up to dimension or co-dimension $4$, we show that there is no quasi group code whose permutation automorphism group is isomorphic to $C_2$. By generalizing the method we use to prove this result, we obtain results on the structure of putative extremal self-dual $[72, 36, 16]$ and $[96, 48, 20]$ codes in the presence of an involutory permutation automorphism.
description: 10 pages
Equivariant Graph Attention Networks with Structural Motifs for Predicting Cell Line-Specific Synergistic Drug Combinations
Creators: name: Schwehr, Zachary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cancer is the second leading cause of death, with chemotherapy as one of the primary forms of treatment. As a result, researchers are turning to drug combination therapy to decrease drug resistance and increase efficacy. Current methods of drug combination screening, such as in vivo and in vitro, are inefficient due to stark time and monetary costs. In silico methods have become increasingly important for screening drugs, but current methods are inaccurate and generalize poorly to unseen anticancer drugs. In this paper, I employ a geometric deep-learning model utilizing a graph attention network that is equivariant to 3D rotations, translations, and reflections with structural motifs. Additionally, the gene expression of cancer cell lines is utilized to classify synergistic drug combinations specific to each cell line. I compared the proposed geometric deep learning framework to current state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods, and the proposed model architecture achieved greater performance on all 12 benchmark tasks performed on the DrugComb dataset. Specifically, the proposed framework outperformed other SOTA methods by an accuracy difference greater than 28%. Based on these results, I believe that the equivariant graph attention network's capability of learning geometric data accounts for the large performance improvements. The model's ability to generalize to foreign drugs is thought to be due to the structural motifs providing a better representation of the molecule. Overall, I believe that the proposed equivariant geometric deep learning framework serves as an effective tool for virtually screening anticancer drug combinations for further validation in a wet lab environment. The code for this work is made available online at: https://github.com/WeToTheMoon/EGAT_DrugSynergy.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, Presented at IEEE CIBCB
Curvature corrections to KPV: Do we need deep throats?
Creators: name: Hebecker, Arthur
name: Schreyer, Simon
name: Venken, Victoria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider $α'^2$ curvature corrections to the action of an NS5-brane which plays the key role in the metastability analysis of warped anti-D3-brane uplifts by Kachru, Pearson and Verlinde (KPV). Such corrections can dramatically alter the KPV analysis. We find that for the $α'^2$-corrections to be sufficiently small to recover essentially the leading-order KPV potential one needs a surprisingly large $S^3$ radius, corresponding to $g_sM > 20$. In the context of the Large Volume Scenario (LVS) this implies a D3-tadpole of at least $\mathcal{O}(10^3-10^4)$. However, large $α'^2$-corrections do not necessarily spoil the uplift in KPV. Rather, as the curvature corrections lower the tension of the brane, a novel uplifting mechanism suggests itself where the smallness of the uplift is achieved by a tuning of curvature corrections. A key underlying assumption is the existence of a dense discretuum of $g_s$. This new mechanism does not require a deep warped throat, thereby sidestepping the main difficulty in uplifting KKLT and LVS. However, all of the above has to be treated as a preliminary exploration of possibilities since, at the moment, not all relevant correction at the order $α'^2$ are known.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures v2: minor improvements, version accepted for publication on JHEP
Labor in agrifood value chains: a scientometric review from Scopus
Creators: name: Malanski, Priscila Duarte
name: Schiavi, Sandra
name: Dedieu, Benoît
name: Damasceno, Julio Cesar
name: Malanski, Priscila Duarte
name: Schiavi, Sandra
name: Dedieu, Benoît
name: Damasceno, Julio Cesar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: labor
subject: agriculture
subject: value chain
subject: governance
subject: scientometric analysis

description: Addressing labor issues is crucial to agrifood value chain analysis, improvements and sustainability. However, the specific contribution of value chain approaches to discussions on labor in agriculture is still a research gap. To fill this gap, we reviewed the international literature on labor in agrifood value chains. We performed a scientometric analysis of the articles indexed in Scopus, which was composed by a bibliometric, diachronic and synchronic analysis. The main results show that labor in agrifood value chains is a relative new scientific community. Researchers’ interest evolved around three hotspots over the past 20 years, and five consolidated research domains. Our review provides an overview about the main characteristics of a rising scientific community, and a synthesis of knowledge produced to support scientific innovation on labor in agrifood value chains. Regarding chain agents, our results stress the importance of governance for improving employment and working conditions to promote chain sustainability.
Mapping the Minimum Detectable Activities of Gamma-Ray Sources in a 3-D Scene
Creators: name: Bandstra, Mark S.
name: Hellfeld, Daniel
name: Lee, Jaewon
name: Quiter, Brian J.
name: Salathe, Marco
name: Vavrek, Jayson R.
name: Joshi, Tenzing H. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to formulate maps of minimum detectable activities (MDAs) that describe the sensitivity of an ad hoc measurement that used one or more freely moving radiation detector systems would be significantly beneficial for the conduct and understanding of many radiological search activities. In a real-time scenario with a free-moving detector system, an MDA map can provide useful feedback to the operator about which areas have not been searched as thoroughly as others, thereby allowing the operator to prioritize future actions. Similarly, such a calculation could be used to inform subsequent navigation decisions of autonomous platforms. Here we describe a near real-time MDA mapping approach that can be applied when searching for point sources using detected events in a spectral region of interest while assuming a constant, unknown background rate. We show the application of this MDA mapping method to a real scenario, a survey of the interior of a small building using a handheld detector system. Repeated measurements with no sources and with Cs-137 sources of different strengths yield results consistent with the estimated thresholds and MDA values; namely, that for background-only measurements no sources are seen above threshold anywhere in the scene, while when sources are present they are detected above the thresholds calculated for their locations.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Multivariate outlier explanations using Shapley values and Mahalanobis distances
Creators: name: Mayrhofer, Marcus
name: Filzmoser, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For the purpose of explaining multivariate outlyingness, it is shown that the squared Mahalanobis distance of an observation can be decomposed into outlyingness contributions originating from single variables. The decomposition is obtained using the Shapley value, a well-known concept from game theory that became popular in the context of Explainable AI. In addition to outlier explanation, this concept also relates to the recent formulation of cellwise outlyingness, where Shapley values can be employed to obtain variable contributions for outlying observations with respect to their "expected" position given the multivariate data structure. In combination with squared Mahalanobis distances, Shapley values can be calculated at a low numerical cost, making them even more attractive for outlier interpretation. Simulations and real-world data examples demonstrate the usefulness of these concepts.
Development of Teacher Professional Identity and Agency: An Ethnographic Study of a Saudi English Language Institute
Creators: name: ALSHOMRANI, AMANI AYED A
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390307
subject: Teacher education and professional development of educators
classificationCode: 390403
subject: Educational administration, management and leadership
classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education

description: This study explores the relationship between English teachers and administrators in a Saudi Arabian university language institute. It combines qualitative data from policy documents, interviews and focus group discussions. Critical Discourse Analysis is employed to analyse institutional documents, while thematic analysis is used to analyse interview and discussion data. It finds that teachers' professional needs are not adequately addressed due to a top-down organisational structure, limiting their agency and professional identity. The study emphasises the importance of recognising teachers' voices, enhancing their agency, and advocating for policy changes to improve teaching practices and professional development and learning opportunities.
Reconstruction from edge image combined with color and gradient difference for industrial surface anomaly detection
Creators: name: Liu, Tongkun
name: Li, Bing
name: Zhao, Zhuo
name: Du, Xiao
name: Jiang, Bingke
name: Geng, Leqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reconstruction-based methods are widely explored in industrial visual anomaly detection. Such methods commonly require the model to well reconstruct the normal patterns but fail in the anomalies, and thus the anomalies can be detected by evaluating the reconstruction errors. However, in practice, it's usually difficult to control the generalization boundary of the model. The model with an overly strong generalization capability can even well reconstruct the abnormal regions, making them less distinguishable, while the model with a poor generalization capability can not reconstruct those changeable high-frequency components in the normal regions, which ultimately leads to false positives. To tackle the above issue, we propose a new reconstruction network where we reconstruct the original RGB image from its gray value edges (EdgRec). Specifically, this is achieved by an UNet-type denoising autoencoder with skip connections. The input edge and skip connections can well preserve the high-frequency information in the original image. Meanwhile, the proposed restoration task can force the network to memorize the normal low-frequency and color information. Besides, the denoising design can prevent the model from directly copying the original high-frequent components. To evaluate the anomalies, we further propose a new interpretable hand-crafted evaluation function that considers both the color and gradient differences. Our method achieves competitive results on the challenging benchmark MVTec AD (97.8\% for detection and 97.7\% for localization, AUROC). In addition, we conduct experiments on the MVTec 3D-AD dataset and show convincing results using RGB images only. Our code will be available at https://github.com/liutongkun/EdgRec.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Supplementary document for Ultra low loss broadband 1 × 2 optical power splitters with various splitting ratios - 5960057.pdf
Creators: name: Goudarzi, Kiyanoush
name: Kim, Doyoung
name: Lee, Han Eol
name: Park, Ikmo
name: Han, Haewook
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This document describes the low-loss power splitters. Topology optimization and design for manufacturing were also described.
$α'$ corrections to KPV: An uplifting story
Creators: name: Schreyer, Simon
name: Venken, Victoria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In earlier work, the effect of $α'^2$ curvature corrections on the NS5-brane responsible for the decay of anti-D3-branes in the set-up of Kachru, Pearson, and Verlinde (KPV) was considered. We extend this analysis to include all known $α'^2$ corrections to the action of an abelian fivebrane which involve not just curvature but also gauge fields and flux. We compute the value of these terms at the tip of the Klebanov-Strassler throat to obtain the $α'^2$ corrected potential for the NS5-brane of KPV. The resulting potential provides a novel uplifting mechanism where one can obtain metastable vacua with an arbitrarily small positive uplifting potential by fine-tuning $α'$ corrections against the tree-level potential. This mechanism works for small warped throats, both in terms of size and contribution to the D3-tadpole, thereby sidestepping the issues associated with a standard deep warped throat uplift which are deadly in KKLT and, as we explicitly check, severely constraining in the Large Volume Scenario.
description: 37 pages, 5 figures, v2: minor modifications and references added, v3: Appendix C on $\alpha'$ corrections to NS5-branes added, version published in JHEP
Assessing the financial health of agricultural enterprises incorporating the spatial dimension
Creators: name: Vavrek, Roman
name: Vozárová, Ivana Kravčáková
name: Kotulič, Rastislav
name: Adamišin, Peter
name: Dubravská, Mariana
name: Ivanková, Viera
name: Vavrek, Roman
name: Vozárová, Ivana Kravčáková
name: Kotulič, Rastislav
name: Adamišin, Peter
name: Dubravská, Mariana
name: Ivanková, Viera
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: financial health
subject: creditworthy models
subject: agricultural enterprises
subject: spatial dimension

description: In practice, different methods are used to assess the financial health of a company, and the fact that models use the various indicators complicates the comparison of their results. The aim of this paper was to identify the financial health of agricultural enterprises operating in the Slovak Republic using three selected creditworthy models (the Altman model, Taffler model and Bonity Index). It was concluded that the differences in the evaluations of agricultural enterprises using individual creditworthy models were significant. The analysis was supplemented by the spatial distribution of the enterprises at the level of individual regions of the Slovak Republic. It was confirmed that the spatial differences in the evaluations of agricultural enterprises using individual creditworthy models were not statistically significant and were therefore random. The proposal of own assessment of regions is based on the combination of the obtained results and their spatial distribution. We assume that such comprehensive assessment over a longer period of time may be an appropriate tool for assessing the financial health of agricultural enterprises, thus contribute to the early identification of potential risks and the long-term economic sustainability. This study can be the contribution in helping to design policies or effective solve the important challenges of agricultural enterprises to the path of sustainable development of the regions and to environmental management.
Quantum memory assisted observable estimation
Creators: name: Markovich, Liubov A.
name: Almasi, Attaallah
name: Zeytinoğlu, Sina
name: Borregaard, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The estimation of many-qubit observables is an essential task of quantum information processing. The generally applicable approach is to decompose the observables into weighted sums of multi-qubit Pauli strings, i.e., tensor products of single-qubit Pauli matrices, which can readily be measured with single qubit rotations. The accumulation of shot noise in this approach, however, severely limits the achievable variance for a finite number of measurements. We introduce a novel method, dubbed Coherent Pauli Summation (CPS) that circumvents this limitation by exploiting access to a single-qubit quantum memory in which measurement information can be stored and accumulated. Our algorithm offers a reduction in the required number of measurements for a given variance that scales linearly with the number of Pauli strings of the decomposed observable. Our work demonstrates how a single long-coherence qubit memory can assist the operation of noisy many-qubit quantum devices in a cardinal task.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures
The role of ICT adoption in promoting livelihoods in Eastern Africa: Evidence from Uganda
Creators: name: Subramanian, Krishnan
name: Bozzola, Martina
name: Nugent, Anne
name: Subramanian, Krishnan
name: Bozzola, Martina
name: Nugent, Anne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Information and Communications Technology
subject: Agriculture
subject: Technology
subject: Adoption
subject: Uganda

description: Information and Communication Technology (ICT) could play a pivotal role in the dissemination of agricultural technologies in Eastern Africa. In this study, we analyse the role of agricultural ICT and services in driving adoption of better agricultural technologies and practices by smallholder farmers in the Teso region of Ugandan. In turn, we analyse how adoption of ICT could impact on livelihoods, food security, and market opportunities. We implemented a Randomised Control Trial (RCT) in which mobile phones were randomly pro-vided for basic ICT training and access to information about good agricultural practices, nutrition se-curity and market access via SMS services to a sample of farmers. Woman accounted for 60% of the sample. Preliminary results suggests that the provisions of mobile phone, if coupled with training on how to access relevant information have a positive impact on the livelihood status of the farmers. Women farmers seem to have a higher positive impact of the combined program of providing mobile phones plus training opportunities.
Back-Action Evading Measurement in Gravitational Wave Detectors to Overcome Standard Quantum Limit, Using Negative Radiation Pressure
Creators: name: Agasti, Souvik
name: Shukla, Abhishek
name: Nesladek, Milos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aiming at application for gravitational wave (GW) detection, we propose a novel scheme how to obtain quantum back action evading measurements performed on an opto-mechanical cavity, by introducing a negative radiation pressure coupling between the cavity field and the end mirror. The scheme consists of introducing a double cavity with end mirrors interlocked by a pivot and moving in opposite directions. The measurement is performed by sending a two-mode squeezed vacuum to both cavities and detecting the output through the heterodyne detection. Compared to the previously proposed hybrid negative mass spin-optomechanical system in Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 031101 (2018), we see that our scheme is capable to suppress back action noise by nearly two orders of magnitude more in the lower frequency region. Overall, the setup has been able to squeeze the output noise below the standard quantum limit, with more efficiency. In addition, the scheme has also proven to be beneficial for reducing thermal noise by a significant amount. We confirm our result by a numerical analysis and compared it with the previous proposal Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 031101 (2018).
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
A Practical Example of the Impact of Uncertainty on the One-Dimensional Single-Diode Model
Creators: name: Cárdenas-Bravo, Carlos
name: Lespinats, Sylvain
name: Dutykh, Denys
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The state of health of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is assessed by measuring the current-voltage (I-V) curves, which present a collection of three cardinal points: the short-circuit point, the open-circuit point, and the maximum power point. To understand the response of PV systems, the I-V curve is typically modeled using the well-known single-diode model (SDM), which involves five parameters. However, the SDM can be expressed as a function of one parameter when the information of the cardinal points is incorporated into the formulation. This paper presents a methodology to address the uncertainty of the cardinal points on the parameters of the single-diode model based on the mathematical theory. Utilizing the one-dimensional single-diode model as the basis, the study demonstrates that it is possible to include the uncertainty by solving a set of nonlinear equations. The results highlight the feasibility and effectiveness of this approach in accounting for uncertainties in the SDM parameters.
Theory of Intermediate Twinning and Spontaneous Polarization in Ferroelectric Potassium Sodium Niobate
Creators: name: Grekas, Georgios
name: Pop-Ghe, Patricia-Lia
name: Quandt, Eckhard
name: James, Richard D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Potassium sodium niobate is considered a prominent material system as a substitute for lead-containing ferroelectric materials. It exhibits first-order phase transformations and ferroelectricity with potential applications ranging from energy conversion to innovative cooling technologies, thereby addressing important societal challenges. However, a major obstacle in the application of potassium sodium niobate is its multi-scale heterogeneity and the lack of understanding of its phase transition pathway and microstructure. This can be seen from the findings of Pop-Ghe et al. (Ceram Int 47(14):20579-20585, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.04.067) which also reveal the occurrence of a phenomenon they term intermediate twinning during the phase transition. Here, we show that intermediate twinning is a consequence of energy minimization. We develop a geometrically nonlinear electroelastic energy function for potassium sodium niobate, including the cubic-tetragonal-orthorhombic transformations and ferroelectricity. The construction of the minimizers is based on compatibility conditions which ensure continuous deformations and pole-free interfaces. These minimizers agree with the experimental observations, including laminates between tetragonal variants under the cubic to tetragonal transformation, crossing twins under the tetragonal to orthorhombic transformation, intermediate twinning and spontaneous polarization. This shows how the full nonlinear electroelastic model provides a powerful tool in understanding, exploring, and tailoring the electromechanical properties of complex ferroelectric ceramics.
Anharmonic Terms of the Potential Energy Surface: A Group Theoretical Approach
Creators: name: Mitoli, Davide
name: Maul, Jefferson
name: Erba, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of density functional theory (DFT) simulations of molecules and materials, anharmonic terms of the potential energy surface are commonly computed numerically, with an associated cost that rapidly increases with the size of the system. Recently, an efficient approach to calculate cubic and quartic interatomic force constants in the basis of normal modes [Theor. Chem. Acc., 120, 23 (2008)] was implemented in the Crystal program [J. Chem. Theory Comput., 15, 3755-3765 (2019)]. By applying group theory, we are able to further reduce the associated computational cost, as the exploitation of point symmetry can significantly reduce the number of distinct atomically displaced nuclear configurations to be explicitly explored for energy and forces calculations. Our strategy stems from Wigner's theorem and the fact that normal modes are bases of the irreducible representations (irreps) of the point group. The proposed group theoretical approach is implemented in the Crystal program and its efficiency assessed on six test case systems: four molecules (methane, CH4; tetrahedrane, C4H4; cyclo-exasulfur, S6; cubane, C8H8), and two three-dimensional crystals (Magnesium oxide, MgO; and a prototypical Zinc-imidazolate framework, ZIF-8). The speedup imparted by this approach is consistently very large in all high-symmetry molecular and periodic systems, peaking at 76% for MgO.
Light Dark Matter Search with Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamonds
Creators: name: Chigusa, So
name: Hazumi, Masashi
name: Herbschleb, Ernst David
name: Mizuochi, Norikazu
name: Nakayama, Kazunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose new ideas to directly search for light dark matter, such as the axion or the dark photon, by using magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamonds. If the dark matter couples to the electron spin, it affects the evolution of the Bloch vectors consisting of the spin triplet states, which may be detected through several magnetometry techniques. We give several concrete examples with the use of dc and ac magnetometry and estimate the sensitivity on dark matter couplings.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Supplementary document for Instructive errors of Bouguer, Lambert and Arago in the first determinations of angular reflectances on flat surfaces: discussion - 5960758.pdf
Creators: name: Simonot, Lionel
name: Hébert, Mathieu
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Figures from the original books by Bouguer, Lambert and Arago
Iatrogenic Short segmental stricture urethra
Creators: name: KULKARNI, ANIRUDDHA
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Cystography / Uretrography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Trauma

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 35 years
description: Clinical History: 35 years male presented with acute retention of urine. Patient  had significant history of similar episodes of retention of urine in past. Many of such episodes were managed by catheterization.  There were 3-4 episodes of hematuria in last 1 year. There w... Final Diagnosis: Iatrogenic traumatic short urethral stricture involving bulb and membranous urethra
NN-Copula-CD: A Copula-Guided Interpretable Neural Network for Change Detection in Heterogeneous Remote Sensing Images
Creators: name: Li, Weiming
name: Wang, Xueqian
name: Li, Gang
name: Geng, Baocheng
name: Varshney, Pramod K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Change detection (CD) in heterogeneous remote sensing images has been widely used for disaster monitoring and land-use management. In the past decade, the heterogeneous CD problem has significantly benefited from the development of deep neural networks (DNNs). However, the purely data-driven DNNs perform like a black box where the lack of interpretability limits the trustworthiness and controllability of DNNs in most practical CD applications. As a powerful knowledge-driven tool, copula theory performs well in modeling relationships among random variables. To enhance the interpretability of existing neural networks for CD, we propose a knowledge-data-driven heterogeneous CD method based on a copula-guided neural network, named NN-Copula-CD. In our NN-Copula-CD, the mathematical characteristics of copula are employed as the loss functions to supervise a neural network to learn the dependence between bi-temporal heterogeneous superpixel pairs, and then the changed regions are identified via binary classification based on the degrees of dependence of all the superpixel pairs in the bi-temporal images. We conduct in-depth experiments on three datasets with heterogeneous images, where both quantitative and visual results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed NN-Copula-CD method.
description: The full version of this work is submitted to IEEE TGRS
The Impact of Cosmic Variance on Inferences of Global Neutral Fraction Derived from Ly$α$ Luminosity Functions During Reionization
Creators: name: Bruton, Sean
name: Scarlata, Claudia
name: Haardt, Francesco
name: Hayes, Matthew J.
name: Mason, Charlotte
name: Morales, Alexa M.
name: Mesinger, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of field-to-field variation, deriving from cosmic variance, in measured Lyman-$α$ emitter (LAE) luminosity functions (LFs) and this variation's impact on inferences of the neutral fraction of the intergalactic medium (IGM) during reionization. We post-process a z=7 IGM simulation to populate the dark matter halos with LAEs. These LAEs have realistic UV magnitudes, Ly$α$ fluxes, and Ly$α$ line profiles. We calculate the attenuation of Ly$α$ emission in universes with varying IGM neutral fraction, $\bar{\rm{x}}_{\rm{HI}}$. In a $\bar{\rm{x}}_{\rm{HI}}=0.3$ simulation, we perform 100 realizations of a mock 2 square degree survey with a redshift window $Δz = 0.5$ and flux limit $\rm{f}_{Lyα}>1\times10^{-17}\:\rm{ergs}\:\: \rm{s}^{-1} \: \rm{cm}^{-2}$; such a survey is typical in depth and volume of the largest LAE surveys conducted today. For each realization, we compute the LAE LF and use it to recover the input $\bar{\rm{x}}_{\rm{HI}}$. Comparing the inferred values of $\bar{\rm{x}}_{\rm{HI}}$ across the ensemble of the surveys, we find that cosmic variance, deriving from large-scale structure and variation in the neutral gas along the sightline, imposes a floor in the uncertainty of $Δ\bar{\rm{x}}_{\rm{HI}} \sim 0.2$ when $\bar{\rm{x}}_{\rm{HI}}$ $=0.3$. We explore mitigation strategies to decrease this uncertainty, such as increasing the volume, decreasing the flux limit, or probing the volume with many independent fields. Increasing the area and/or depth of the survey does not mitigate the uncertainty, but composing a survey with many independent fields is effective. This finding highlights the best strategy for LAE surveys aiming at constraining $\bar{\rm{x}}_{\rm{HI}}$ of the universe during reionization.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures
The perfect match: interpersonal relationships and their impact on chain management
Creators: name: Bitsch, Linda
name: Hanf, Jon H.
name: Bitsch, Linda
name: Hanf, Jon H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: behavioural research
subject: buyer-supplier relationship
subject: decision-making
subject: chain management

description: Within the German wine industry, more and more wine estates engage in collaborations to secure grape and wine qualities and quantities to meet the market demands, creating vertically coordinated supply chain networks. The focus of many scholars in this field is mainly set on structural arrangements and less on relational management mechanisms, as studies of structures and their implementation are more readily undertaken and quantified. Both structural and relational mechanisms and their influence on the different levels such as network-, dyad- and firm-level are researched. In the agri-food industry, small- and medium-sized businesses, often family-led, prevail, amplifying the influence of single decision-makers on cooperative decisions. In such a setting, personal relationships and social bonds are stronger than in classical B2B relationships in other industries. Research on chain management does not, generally, take the interpersonal or individual influence of decisions-makers into account. However, recent and emerging literature indicates an influence of managers on chain management. Hence, the questions arise how do managers affect decisions and how can the interpersonal influence be managed? This paper aims to expand the theoretical framework of chain management including the impacts of behavioural and interpersonal aspects in decision-making regarding relationship management.