cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dumbo, Jumbo, and Delirium: Parallel Authenticated Encryption for the Lightweight Circus
Creators: name: Beyne, Tim
name: Chen, Yu Long
name: Dobraunig, Christoph
name: Mennink, Bart
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Symmetric Cryptology
Year: 2020

description: With the trend to connect more and more devices to the Internet, authenticated encryption has become a major backbone in securing the communication, not only between these devices and servers, but also the direct communication among these devices. Most authenticated encryption algorithms used in practice are developed to perform well on modern high-end devices, but are not necessarily suited for usage on resource-constrained devices. We present a lightweight authenticated encryption scheme, called Elephant. Elephant retains the advantages of GCM such as parallelism, but is tailored to the needs of resource-constrained devices. The two smallest instances of Elephant, Dumbo and Jumbo, are based on the 160-bit and 176-bit Spongent permutation, respectively, and are particularly suited for hardware; the largest instance of Elephant, Delirium, is based on 200-bit Keccak and is developed towards software use. All three instances are parallelizable, have a small state size while achieving a high level of security, and are constant time by design.
description: IACR Transactions on Symmetric Cryptology, Volume 2020, Special Issue 1
HIV Co-infection Augments EBV-Induced Tumorigenesis in vivo
Creators: name: Whitehurst, Christopher B.
name: Teklezghi, Adonay
name: Rizk, Monica
name: Wahl, Angela
name: Pagano, Joseph S.
name: Spagnuolo, Rae Ann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: In most individuals, EBV maintains a life-long asymptomatic latent infection. However, EBV can induce the formation of B cell lymphomas in immune suppressed individuals including people living with HIV (PLWH). Most individuals who acquire HIV are already infected with EBV as EBV infection is primarily acquired during childhood and adolescence. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) has substantially reduced the incidence of AIDS-associated malignancies, EBV positive PLWH are at an increased risk of developing lymphomas compared to the general population. The direct effect of HIV co-infection on EBV replication and EBV-induced tumorigenesis has not been experimentally examined. Using a humanized mouse model of EBV infection, we demonstrate that HIV co-infection enhances systemic EBV replication and immune activation. Importantly, EBV-induced tumorigenesis was augmented in EBV/HIV co-infected mice. Collectively, these results demonstrate a direct effect of HIV co-infection on EBV pathogenesis and disease progression and will facilitate future studies to address why the incidence of certain types of EBV-associated malignancies are stable or increasing in ART treated PLWH.
title: Relationships Between Skin and Fabric, with attention to experimental materials recreating skin-like qualities
Creators: name: Ren, Yingying
Publisher: name: University of Dundee
Year: 2021

description: There seems a natural connection between human bodies, animal bodies, and books, not least because they are all containers, vessels of knowledge and experience. So I explored this year many materials that have skin-like qualities. And I began to think about how fabrics are like a second skin, worn to cover the human skin underneath. And I investigated how these exploratory materials might become something like prosthetics, or barriers and protection from anything touching the actual skin. My research had both historical and practical elements. This has led me to explore many different types of making processes as well, and most recently, 3D-printing and laser-cutting materials which may become draped on a body.
Observations on interfacing loop quantum gravity with cosmology
Creators: name: Pawłowski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple idea of relating the LQG and LQC degrees of freedom is discussed in context of toroidal Bianchi I model. The idea is an expansion of the construction originally introduced by Ashtekar and Wilson-Ewing and relies on explicit averaging of certain sub-class of spin-networks over the subgroup of the diffeomorphisms remaining after the gauge fixing used in homogeneous LQC. It is based on the set of clearly defined principles, thus is a convenient tool to control the emergence and behavior of the cosmological degrees of freedom in studies of dynamics in canonical LQG. Relating the proposed LQG-LQC interface with some results on black hole entropy suggests a modification to the area gap value currently used in LQC.
description: RevRex4-1, BibTex, 20pp
(502023) William Henry Millard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The DS Series - A Best Practice Case for Modular Education Programs in Macro-Regional Cooperation
Creators: name: Langer, Paul. F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Danube Region, Macro-Regional Cooperation, Education, Case Study

description: The Danube School Series takes up these challenges of the Danube Region with young academics and potential future decision-makers in order to discuss reasons, results and potential solutions. This is done initially with learning and discussion units, but also practically with the development and design of own projects and media publications. The programme qualifies and sensitises students and young professionals from the entire Danube region with workshops and lectures on the many special aspects, challenges and opportunities in the region. In terms of content, the Danube Schools provide the basis for stimulating thought processes, finding solutions and developing project ideas themselves, in particular through contributions from teachers from partner universities of the European Danube Academy (EDA). The Danube Schools are thus deliberately not "only" classical educational and networking events, but also workshops that train and support the participants as project developers.
Reduction of Stabilin-2 Contributes to a Protection Against Atherosclerosis
Creators: name: Hagaman, John
name: Lewis, Amanda M.
name: Hiller, Sylvia
name: Huynh, Phillip
name: Li, Feng
name: Harris, Edward N.
name: Maeda-Smithies, Nobuyo
name: Sun, Xinghui
name: Wilder, Jennifer
name: Clanton, Connor A.
name: Kayashima, Yukako
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: We have previously identified a novel atherosclerosis quantitative trait locus (QTL), Arch atherosclerosis 5 (Aath5), on mouse chromosome 10 by three-way QTL analyses between Apoe−/− mice on a DBA/2J, 129S6 and C57BL/6J background. The DBA/2J haplotype at the Aath5 locus was associated with smaller plaque size. One of the candidate genes underlying Aath5 was Stabilin-2 (Stab2), which encodes a clearance receptor for hyaluronan (HA) predominantly expressed in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs). However, the role of Stab2 in atherosclerosis is unknown. A congenic line of Apoe−/− mice carrying Aath5 covering the Stab2DBA allele on a background of 129S6 confirmed the small reductions of atherosclerotic plaque development. To further determine whether Stab2 is an underlying gene for Aath5, we generated Stab2−/−Apoe−/− mice on a C57BL/6J background. When fed with a Western diet for 8 weeks, Stab2−/−Apoe−/− males developed approximately 30% smaller plaques than Stab2+/+Apoe−/− mice. HA was accumulated in circulation but not in major organs in the Stab2 deficient mice. STAB2-binding molecules that are involved in atherosclerosis, including acLDL, apoptotic cells, heparin and vWF were not likely the direct cause of the protection in the Stab2−/−Apoe−/− males. These data indicate that reduction of Stab2 is protective against atherosclerotic plaque development, and that Stab2 is a contributing gene underlying Aath5, although its effect is small. To test whether non-synonymous amino acid changes unique to DBA/2J affect the function of STAB2 protein, we made HEK293 cell lines expressing STAB2129 or STAB2DBA proteins, as well as STAB2129 proteins carrying each of five DBA-unique replacements that have been predicted to be deleterious. These mutant cells were capable of internalizing 125I -HA and DiI-acLDL similarly to the control cells. These results indicate that the amino acid changes unique to DBA/2J are not affecting the function of STAB2 protein, and support our previous observation that the reduced transcription of Stab2 in the liver sinusoid as a consequence of the insertion of a viral-derived sequence, intracisternal A particle, is the primary contributor to the athero-protection conferred by the DBA/2J allele.
High order variational integrators in the optimal control of mechanical systems
Creators: name: Campos, Cédric M.
name: Ober-Blöbaum, Sina
name: Trélat, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65P10 (Primary) 65L06, 65K10, 49Mxx (Secondary)

description: In recent years, much effort in designing numerical methods for the simulation and optimization of mechanical systems has been put into schemes which are structure preserving. One particular class are variational integrators which are momentum preserving and symplectic. In this article, we develop two high order variational integrators which distinguish themselves in the dimension of the underling space of approximation and we investigate their application to finite-dimensional optimal control problems posed with mechanical systems. The convergence of state and control variables of the approximated problem is shown. Furthermore, by analyzing the adjoint systems of the optimal control problem and its discretized counterpart, we prove that, for these particular integrators, dualization and discretization commute.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, submitted to DCDS-A
(502017) Charles Henry Banks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Latency Reversal via the Induction of Early Growth Response Protein 1 to Bypass Protein Kinase C Agonist-Associated Immune Activation
Creators: name: Tang, Yuyang
name: Li, Dajiang
name: Jiang, Guochun
name: Hartigan-O'Connor, Dennis J.
name: Wong, Lilly M.
name: Dandekar, Satya
name: Thompson, George R.
name: Méndez-Lagares, Gema
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV) remains a global health challenge due to the latent HIV reservoirs in people living with HIV (PLWH). Dormant yet replication competent HIV harbored in the resting CD4+ T cells cannot be purged by antiretroviral therapy (ART) alone. One approach of HIV cure is the “Kick and Kill” strategy where latency reversal agents (LRAs) have been implemented to disrupt latent HIV, expecting to eradicate HIV reservoirs by viral cytopathic effect or immune-mediated clearance. Protein Kinase C agonists (PKCa), a family of LRAs, have demonstrated the ability to disrupt latent HIV to an extent. However, the toxicity of PKCa remains a concern in vivo. Early growth response protein 1 (EGR1) is a downstream target of PKCa during latency reversal. Here, we show that PKCa induces EGR1 which directly drives Tat-dependent HIV transcription. Resveratrol, a natural phytoalexin found in grapes and various plants, induces Egr1 expression and disrupts latent HIV in several HIV latency models in vitro and in CD4+ T cells isolated from ART-suppressed PLWH ex vivo. In the primary CD4+ T cells, resveratrol does not induce immune activation at the dosage that it reverses latency, indicating that targeting EGR1 may be able to reverse latency and bypass PKCa-induced immune activation.
(502018) James Banks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(502019) Mary J. Banks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
On the computation of high dimensional Voronoi diagrams
Creators: name: Heida, Martin
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Raycast
subject: mesh generation
subject: geometry
subject: HighVoronoi
subject: 65N50
subject: 65Y20
subject: 68Q25
subject: 52-08
subject: 52Bxx
subject: 52-04

description: We investigate a recently implemented new algorithm for the computation of a Voronoi diagram in high dimensions and generalize it to N nodes in general or non-general position using a geometric characterization of edges merging in a given vertex. We provide a mathematical proof that the algorithm is exact, convergent and has computational costs of O(E*nn(N)), where E is the number of edges and nn(N) is the computational cost to calculate the nearest neighbor among N points. We also provide data from performance tests in the recently developed Julia package ,,HighVoronoi.jl''.
Clinical Team Response to the Impact of COVID-19 on Diabetes Self-Management: Findings From a Qualitative Study
Creators: name: Young, Laura
name: Leeman, Jennifer
name: Donahue, Katrina E.
name: Johnson, Asia
name: Richman, Erica
name: Rees, Jennifer
name: Cameron, Thomas C.
name: Hale, Lily
name: Vu, Maihan B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The aims of this study were to explore providers’ perceptions of how COVID-19 affected patients’ psychological wellbeing and diabetes self-care and discover how providers responded to sustain and improve patients’ psychological health and diabetes management during the pandemic. Twenty-four semi-structured interviews were completed with primary care providers (n=14) and endocrine specialty clinicians (n=10) across sixteen clinics in North Carolina. Interview topics included: (1) current glucose monitoring approaches and diabetes management strategies for people with diabetes (2) barriers and unintended consequences encountered with respect to diabetes self-management, and (3) innovative strategies developed to overcome barriers. Interview transcripts were coded using qualitative analysis software and analyzed to identify cross-cutting themes and differences between participants. Primary care providers and endocrine specialty clinicians reported that people with diabetes experienced increased mental health symptoms, increased financial challenges and positive and negative changes in self-care routines due to COVID-19. To offer support, primary care providers and endocrine specialty providers focused discussions on lifestyle management and utilized telemedicine to connect with patients. Additionally, endocrine specialty clinicians helped patients access financial assistance programs. Findings indicate that people with diabetes experienced unique challenges to self-management during the pandemic and providers responded with targeted support strategies. Future research should explore the effectiveness of these provider interventions as the pandemic continues to evolve.
forum forschung 10 (2023) Nr. 1
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
name: Justus Liebig University Giessen
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Gießen
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: ddc:000

description: Das forum forschung widmet sich dieses Mal dem Schwerpunktthema Lungeninfektionen und neuen Therapieansätzen bei Lungenversagen. Im Interview wird darüber hinaus beleuchtet, wie das Institut für Turkologie uigurische Literatur rettet.
Critical length limiting super-low friction
Creators: name: Ma, Ming
name: Benassi, Andrea
name: Vanossi, Andrea
name: Urbakh, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the demonstration of super-low friction (superlubricity) in graphite at nanoscale, one of the main challenges in the field of nano- and micro-mechanics was to scale this phenomenon up. A key question to be addressed is to what extent superlubricity could persist, and what mechanisms could lead to its failure. Here, using an edge-driven Frenkel-Kontorova model, we establish a connection between the critical length above which superlubricity disappears and both intrinsic material properties and experimental parameters. A striking boost in dissipated energy with chain length emerges abruptly due to a high-friction stick-slip mechanism caused by deformation of the slider leading to a local commensuration with the substrate lattice. We derived a parameter-free analytical model for the critical length that is in excellent agreement with our numerical simulations. Our results provide a new perspective on friction and nano-manipulation and can serve as a theoretical basis for designing nano-devices with super-low friction, such as carbon nanotubes.
description: Accepted on PRL
Microglia-Specific Promoter Activities of HEXB Gene
Creators: name: Hu, Wenhui
name: Wei, Zhengyu
name: Wong, Lilly M.
name: Shah, Sahil
name: Tang, Yuyang
name: Ellis, Kendra
name: Wang, Hong
name: Ting, Julia
name: Garcia, J. Victor
name: Margolis, David M.
name: Wang, Xianwei
name: Bodnar, Brittany
name: Saribas, Sami
name: Jiang, Guochun
name: Ling, Binhua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated genetic targeting of microglia remains a challenge. Overcoming this hurdle is essential for gene editing in the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we characterized the minimal/native promoter of the HEXB gene, which is known to be specifically and stably expressed in the microglia during homeostatic and pathological conditions. Dual reporter and serial deletion assays identified the critical role of the natural 5’ untranslated region (−97 bp related to the first ATG) in driving transcriptional activity of the mouse Hexb gene. The native promoter region of mouse, human, and monkey HEXB are located at −135, −134, and −170 bp to the first ATG, respectively. These promoters were highly active and specific in microglia with strong cross-species transcriptional activities, but did not exhibit activity in primary astrocytes. In addition, we identified a 135 bp promoter of CD68 gene that was highly active in microglia but not in astrocytes. Considering that HEXB is specifically expressed in microglia, these data suggest that the newly characterized microglia-specific HEXB minimal/native promoter can be an ideal candidate for microglia-targeting AAV gene therapy in the CNS.
Regional Differences in Mucociliary Clearance in the Upper and Lower Airways
Creators: name: Esther, Charles R.
name: Gutay, Mark I.
name: Button, Brian
name: Rogers, Troy D.
name: Grubb, Barbara R.
name: Kelada, Samir N. P.
name: Ostrowski, Lawrence E.
name: Livraghi-Butrico, Alessandra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: As the nasal cavity is the portal of entry for inspired air in mammals, this region is exposed to the highest concentration of inhaled particulate matter and pathogens, which must be removed to keep the lower airways sterile. Thus, one might expect vigorous removal of these substances via mucociliary clearance (MCC) in this region. We have investigated the rate of MCC in the murine nasal cavity compared to the more distal airways (trachea). The rate of MCC in the nasal cavity (posterior nasopharynx, PNP) was ∼3–4× greater than on the tracheal wall. This appeared to be due to a more abundant population of ciliated cells in the nasal cavity (∼80%) compared to the more sparsely ciliated trachea (∼40%). Interestingly, the tracheal ventral wall exhibited a significantly lower rate of MCC than the tracheal posterior membrane. The trachealis muscle underlying the ciliated epithelium on the posterior membrane appeared to control the surface architecture and likely in part the rate of MCC in this tracheal region. In one of our mouse models (Bpifb1 KO) exhibiting a 3-fold increase in MUC5B protein in lavage fluid, MCC particle transport on the tracheal walls was severely compromised, yet normal MCC occurred on the tracheal posterior membrane. While a blanket of mucus covered the surface of both the PNP and trachea, this mucus appeared to be transported as a blanket by MCC only in the PNP. In contrast, particles appeared to be transported as discrete patches or streams of mucus in the trachea. In addition, particle transport in the PNP was fairly linear, in contrast transport of particles in the trachea often followed a more non-linear route. The thick, viscoelastic mucus blanket that covered the PNP, which exhibited ∼10-fold greater mass of mucus than did the blanket covering the surface of the trachea, could be transported over large areas completely devoid of cells (made by a breach in the epithelial layer). In contrast, particles could not be transported over even a small epithelial breach in the trachea. The thick mucus blanket in the PNP likely aids in particle transport over the non-ciliated olfactory cells in the nasal cavity and likely contributes to humidification and more efficient particle trapping in this upper airway region.
(502020) Margaret Banks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Efficacy of COVID-19 treatments among geriatric patients: a systematic review
Creators: name: Senderovich, Helen
name: Vinoraj, Danusha
name: Stever, Madeline
name: Waicus, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction: A majority of the fatalities due to COVID-19 have been observed in those over the age of 60. There is no approved and universally accepted treatment for geriatric patients. The aim of this review is to assess the current literature on efficacy of COVID-19 treatments in geriatric populations.Methods: A systematic review search was conducted in PubMed, MedRxiv, and JAMA databases with the keywords COVID-19, geriatric, hydroxychloroquine, dexamethasone, budesonide, remdesivir, favipiravir, ritonavir, molnupiravir, tocilizumab, bamlanivimab, baricitinib, sotrovimab, fluvoxamine, convalescent plasma, prone position, or anticoagulation. Articles published from January 2019 to January 2022 with a population greater than or equal to 60years of age were included. Interventions examined included hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, favipiravir, dexamethasone, budesonide, tocilizumab, bamlanivimab, baricitinib, sotrovimab, convalescent plasma, prone position, and anticoagulation therapy. Outcome measures included viral load, viral markers, ventilator-free days, or clinical improvement.Results: The search revealed 302 articles, 52 met inclusion criteria. Hydroxychloroquine, dexamethasone, and remdesivir revealed greater side effects or inefficiency in geriatric patients with COVID-19. Favipiravir, bamlanivimab, baricitinib, and supportive therapy showed a decrease in viral load and improvement of clinical symptoms. There is conflicting evidence with tocilizumab, convalescent plasma, and anticoagulant therapy in reducing mortality, ventilator-free days, and clinical improvements. In addition, there was limited evidence and lack of data due to ongoing trials for treatments with sotrovimab and budesonide.Conclusion: No agent is known to be effective for preventing COVID-19 after exposure to the virus. Further research is needed to ensure safety and efficacy of each of the reviewed interventions for older adults.
Matricial bridges for "Matrix algebras converge to the sphere"
Creators: name: Rieffel, Marc A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 46L87, Secondary 53C23, 58B34, 81R15, 81R30

description: In the high-energy quantum-physics literature one finds statements such as "matrix algebras converge to the sphere". Earlier I provided a general setting for understanding such statements, in which the matrix algebras are viewed as quantum metric spaces, and convergence is with respect to a quantum Gromov-Hausdorff-type distance. In the present paper, as preparation of discussing similar statements for convergence of "vector bundles" over matrix algebras to vector bundles over spaces, we introduce and study suitable matrix-norms for matrix algebras and spaces. Very recently Latremoliere introduced an improved quantum Gromov-Hausdorff-type distance between quantum metric spaces. We use it throughout this paper. To facilitate the calculations we introduce and develop a general notion of "bridges with conditional expectations".
description: 31 pages
Microbial Hydrocarbon Degradation in Guaymas Basin—Exploring the Roles and Potential Interactions of Fungi and Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria
Creators: name: Teske, Andreas P.
name: Mara, Paraskevi
name: Edgcomb, Virginia P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Hydrocarbons are degraded by specialized types of bacteria, archaea, and fungi. Their occurrence in marine hydrocarbon seeps and sediments prompted a study of their role and their potential interactions, using the hydrocarbon-rich hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin in the Gulf of California as a model system. This sedimented vent site is characterized by localized hydrothermal circulation that introduces seawater sulfate into methane- and hydrocarbon-rich sediments, and thus selects for diverse hydrocarbon-degrading communities of which methane, alkane- and aromatics-oxidizing sulfate-reducing bacteria and archaea have been especially well-studied. Current molecular and cultivation surveys are detecting diverse fungi in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments, and draw attention to possible fungal-bacterial interactions. In this Hypothesis and Theory article, we report on background, recent results and outcomes, and underlying hypotheses that guide current experiments on this topic in the Edgcomb and Teske labs in 2021, and that we will revisit during our ongoing investigations of bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities in the deep sedimentary subsurface of Guaymas Basin.
Some Good and Some Bad: Sand Fly Salivary Proteins in the Control of Leishmaniasis and in Autoimmunity
Creators: name: Valenzuela, Jesus G.
name: Diaz, Luis A.
name: Li, Ning
name: Prisayanh, Phillip
name: Aoki, Valeria
name: Cecilio, Pedro
name: Abdeladhim, Maha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Sand flies are hematophagous insects responsible for the transmission of vector-borne diseases to humans. Prominent among these diseases is Leishmaniasis that affects the skin and mucous surfaces and organs such as liver and spleen. Importantly, the function of blood-sucking arthropods goes beyond merely transporting pathogens. The saliva of vectors of disease contains pharmacologically active components that facilitate blood feeding and often pathogen establishment. Transcriptomic and proteomic studies have enumerated the repertoire of sand fly salivary proteins and their potential use for the control of Leishmaniasis, either as biomarkers of vector exposure or as anti-Leishmania vaccines. However, a group of specific sand fly salivary proteins triggers formation of cross-reactive antibodies that bind the ectodomain of human desmoglein 1, a member of the epidermal desmosomal cadherins. These cross-reactive antibodies are associated with skin autoimmune blistering diseases, such as pemphigus, in certain immunogenetically predisposed individuals. In this review, we focus on two different aspects of sand fly salivary proteins in the context of human disease: The good, which refers to salivary proteins functioning as biomarkers of exposure or as anti-Leishmania vaccines, and the bad, which refers to salivary proteins as environmental triggers of autoimmune skin diseases.
Transition of a $\mathbb{Z}_3$ topologically ordered phase to trivial and critical phases
Creators: name: Huang, Ching-Yu
name: Wei, Tzu-Chieh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topologically ordered quantum systems have robust physical properties, such as quasiparticle statistics and ground-state degeneracy, which do not depend on the microscopic details of the Hamiltonian. We consider topological phase transitions under a deformation such as an effective string tension on a $\mathbb{Z}_3$ topological state. This is studied in terms of the gauge-symmetry preserved quantum state renormalization group, first proposed by He, Moradi and Wen [Phys. Rev. B {\bf 90}, 205114 (2014)]. In this approach modular matrices $S$ and $T$ can be obtained and used as order parameters to characterize the topological properties of the phase and determine phase transitions. From a mapping to a classical 2D Potts model on the square lattice, the critical string tension, at which the transition to a topologically trivial phase takes place, can be obtained analytically and agrees with the numerically determined value. Such a transition can be generalized to a $\mathbb{Z}_N$ topological model under a string tension and determined in the same way. With different deformations, the $\mathbb{Z}_3$ topological phase can also be driven to a critical phase which contains, in the large deformation limit, a point analogous to Rokhsar-Kivelson point in the quantum dimer model.
description: accepted by PRB
Leveraging Factors of Self-Efficacy and Motivation to Optimize Stroke Recovery
Creators: name: Cain, Amelia
name: Collins, Amy
name: Cassidy, Jessica M.
name: Gangwani, Rachana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework recognizes that an individual's functioning post-stroke reflects an interaction between their health condition and contextual factors encompassing personal and environmental factors. Personal factors significantly impact rehabilitation outcomes as they determine how an individual evaluates their situation and copes with their condition in daily life. A key personal factor is self-efficacy—an individual's belief in their capacity to achieve certain outcomes. Self-efficacy influences an individual's motivational state to execute behaviors necessary for achieving desired rehabilitation outcomes. Stroke rehabilitation practice and research now acknowledge self-efficacy and motivation as critical elements in post-stroke recovery, and increasing evidence highlights their contributions to motor (re)learning. Given the informative value of neuroimaging-based biomarkers in stroke, elucidating the neurological underpinnings of self-efficacy and motivation may optimize post-stroke recovery. In this review, we examine the role of self-efficacy and motivation in stroke rehabilitation and recovery, identify potential neural substrates underlying these factors from current neuroimaging literature, and discuss how leveraging these factors and their associated neural substrates has the potential to advance the field of stroke rehabilitation.
Bangladesh's Body Parts Trade: A Critical Analysis of Gaps in Justice
Creators: name: Fatima, Mst Kanij
name: Yea, Sallie
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4804
subject: Law in context
classificationCode: 4803
subject: International and comparative law
classificationCode: 4807
subject: Public law
classificationCode: 480412
subject: Medical and health law

description: The illicit trade in body parts in Bangladesh has been well-documented by both the media and academic scholarship. However, there is limited research addressing the question of the role of the law in preventing the trade and delivering criminal and remedial justice. Through a case study, this article critically evaluates the adequacy of Bangladeshi anti-trafficking law to criminalise organ trafficking whilst also ensuring victim protection. The analysis draws out three key gaps in the application of the law to achieve justice: vague laws related to organ trafficking; poor implementation of existing laws; and absence of adequate policies. We argue that gaps in international law (either their content or their application to Bangladesh), combined with problems relating to capacity, have negatively impacted domestic laws relating to organ trafficking.
Enhancing the Cognitive Effects of Flavonoids With Physical Activity: Is There a Case for the Gut Microbiome?
Creators: name: Cheatham, Carol L.
name: Lila, Mary Ann
name: Neilson, Andrew P.
name: Nieman, David C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Age-related cognitive changes can be the first indication of the progression to dementias, such as Alzheimer’s disease. These changes may be driven by a complex interaction of factors including diet, activity levels, genetics, and environment. Here we review the evidence supporting relationships between flavonoids, physical activity, and brain function. Recent in vivo experiments and human clinical trials have shown that flavonoid-rich foods can inhibit neuroinflammation and enhance cognitive performance. Improved cognition has also been correlated with a physically active lifestyle, and with the functionality and diversity of the gut microbiome. The great majority (+ 90%) of dietary flavonoids are biotransformed into phytoactive phenolic metabolites at the gut microbiome level prior to absorption, and these prebiotic flavonoids modulate microbiota profiles and diversity. Health-relevant outcomes from flavonoid ingestion may only be realized in the presence of a robust microbiome. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) accelerates the catabolism and uptake of these gut-derived anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory metabolites into circulation. The gut microbiome exerts a profound influence on cognitive function; moderate exercise and flavonoid intake influence cognitive benefits; and exercise and flavonoid intake influence the microbiome. We conclude that there is a potential for combined impacts of flavonoid intake and physical exertion on cognitive function, as modulated by the gut microbiome, and that the combination of a flavonoid-rich diet and routine aerobic exercise may potentiate cognitive benefits and reduce cognitive decline in an aging population, via mechanisms mediated by the gut microbiome. Mechanistic animal studies and human clinical interventions are needed to further explore this hypothesis.
(502016) William Banks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Impact of Irradiation on the Pharmacokinetics and Biotransformation of Tamoxifen
Creators: name: Hsieh, Chen-Hsi
name: Tsai, Tung-Hu
name: Chang, Michael W.
name: Cheng, Yung-Yi
name: Dalley, Jeffrey W.
name: Zheng, Teresa
name: Chen, Yu-Jen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background The optimal procedure for combining radiotherapy (RT) with tamoxifen treatment is controversial as RT may alter the pharmacokinetics and biotransformation of tamoxifen. The present study investigated this potential interaction by assessing the pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen during concurrent and sequential RT. Method Plasma tamoxifen concentration was measured in rats with or without RT 2.0 Gy (RT2.0Gy) or 0.5 Gy (RT0.5Gy) with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry after tamoxifen administration (10 mg/kg, p.o., n = 6). Tamoxifen was either administered 1 h after RT (concurrent condition) or 24 h after RT (sequential condition). Results Pharmacokinetic data analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve (AUC) and half-life of tamoxifen were 2,004 ± 241 h ng/ml and 6.23 ± 1.21 h, respectively, after tamoxifen administration (10 mg/kg, p.o.). The respective conversion rate of 4-hydroxytamoxifen, N-desmethytamoxifen, and endoxifen for tamoxifen metabolism was 20%, 16%, and 5%. The AUC value of tamoxifen in the RT0.5Gy group was 1.5- to 1.7-fold higher than in the sham and RT2.0Gy groups. The relative bioavailability of tamoxifen at concurrent RT0.5Gy and RT2.0Gy groups ranged from 127% to 202% and from 71% to 152%, respectively. The magnitude of endoxifen, which converted from 4-hydroxytamoxifen and N-desmethyltamoxifen, increased 3- to 5-fold in the concurrent RT groups. By contrast, the AUC of tamoxifen decreased by roughly 24% in the sequential RT2.0Gy group. The conversion ratio of endoxifen was four times higher than that in the sequential RT2.0Gy group compared with rats not exposed to RT. Conclusion The current study provides advanced pharmacokinetic data to confirm the interaction between RT and hormone therapy. Our findings indicate that RT facilitates the metabolism of tamoxifen to active metabolites and thus imply that combination RT-tamoxifen has potential benefits for the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer.
Symmetry violations at BaBar
Creators: name: Bevan, Adrian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following a brief introduction I report the current status of symmetry violation tests from the BaBar experiment, including recent results on the measurement of T violation, and searches for CP and T violation in mixing.
description: Proceedings for the BEACH 2014 conference
(502013) Mary Banks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Does the Protection of River Basin Ecosystems Produce Broken Window Effect? Evidence From Spatial Choice Experiment in Xijiang River Basin, China
Creators: name: Qing, Yiting
name: Chen, Zhoupeng
name: Wang, Han
name: Nie, Xin
name: Yang, Linfang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Eco-environmental protection of river basins and compensation for damages have been important issues for researchers around the world for a long time. Many studies have focused on the correlations among individual socioeconomic characteristics, ecological cognition, and differences in the willingness to pay. However, no research has been conducted from the perspective of perceived environmental quality. According to the Broken Windows Theory, the public’s willingness and behaviors regarding environmental protection are determined largely by earlier perceptions of environmental quality. Therefore, we used a spatial choice experiment to investigate the willingness of the public to pay for ecosystem restoration in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Xijiang River Basin in China. This paper discusses if perceived environmental quality is a factor that creates different levels in the willingness to pay. Our results show that the Broken Window Effect can better explain these differences. Living in a better ecological environment, the upper-reaches public expect to pay for the restoration of the river basin’s ecosystem to a higher state and is willing to be the “first person” to repair the “broken windows,” whereas those in the middle and lower reaches are willing to pay only for a restoration to a good state.
May Deep Learning contribute to improve Downscaling techniques?
Creators: name: Peña-Izquierdo, Jesús
name: Gonzalez, Carlos Gomez
name: Pérez-Zanón, Núria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: artificial intelligence
machine learning

description: Poster presented in "ISMS 2020: International Symposium on Marine Sciences".
Electron-phonon Coupling and the Superconducting Phase Diagram of the LaAlO3-SrTiO3 Interface
Creators: name: Boschker, Hans
name: Richter, Christoph
name: Fillis-Tsirakis, Evangelos
name: Schneider, Christof W.
name: Mannhart, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superconductor at the LaAlO3-SrTiO3 interface provides a model system for the study of two-dimensional superconductivity in the dilute carrier density limit. Here we experimentally address the pairing mechanism in this superconductor. We extract the electron-phonon spectral function from tunneling spectra and conclude, without ruling out contributions of further pairing channels, that electron-phonon mediated pairing is strong enough to account for the superconducting critical temperatures. Furthermore, we discuss the electron-phonon coupling in relation to the superconducting phase diagram. The electron-phonon spectral function is independent of the carrier density, except for a small part of the phase diagram in the underdoped region. The tunneling measurements reveal that the increase of the chemical potential with increasing carrier density levels off and is zero in the overdoped region of the phase diagram. This indicates that the additionally induced carriers do not populate the band that hosts the superconducting state and that the superconducting order parameter therefore is weakened by the presence of charge carriers in another band.