cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pauli-Potential and Green Function Monte-Carlo Method for Many-Fermion Systems
Creators: name: Bakker, B. L. G.
name: Polikarpov, M. I.
name: Veselov, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution of a many-fermion system can be described by a Green's function corresponding to an effective potential, which takes anti-symmetrization of the wave function into account, called the Pauli-potential. We show that this idea can be combined with the Green's Function Monte Carlo method to accurately simulate a system of many non-relativistic fermions. The method is illustrated by the example of systems of several (2-9) fermions in a square well.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX, 4 figures
Structural Generative Descriptions for Temporal Data
Creators: name: Garcia-Trevino, Edgar
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: In data mining problems the representation or description of data plays a fundamental role, since it defines the set of essential properties for the extraction and characterisation of patterns. However, for the case of temporal data, such as time series and data streams, one outstanding issue when developing mining algorithms is finding an appropriate data description or representation. In this thesis two novel domain-independent representation frameworks for temporal data suitable for off-line and online mining tasks are formulated. First, a domain-independent temporal data representation framework based on a novel data description strategy which combines structural and statistical pattern recognition approaches is developed. The key idea here is to move the structural pattern recognition problem to the probability domain. This framework is composed of three general tasks: a) decomposing input temporal patterns into subpatterns in time or any other transformed domain (for instance, wavelet domain); b) mapping these subpatterns into the probability domain to find attributes of elemental probability subpatterns called primitives; and c) mining input temporal patterns according to the attributes of their corresponding probability domain subpatterns. This framework is referred to as Structural Generative Descriptions (SGDs). Two off-line and two online algorithmic instantiations of the proposed SGDs framework are then formulated: i) For the off-line case, the first instantiation is based on the use of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Wavelet Density Estimators (WDE), while the second algorithm includes DWT and Finite Gaussian Mixtures. ii) For the online case, the first instantiation relies on an online implementation of DWT and a recursive version of WDE (RWDE), whereas the second algorithm is based on a multi-resolution exponentially weighted moving average filter and RWDE. The empirical evaluation of proposed SGDs-based algorithms is performed in the context of time series classification, for off-line algorithms, and in the context of change detection and clustering, for online algorithms. For this purpose, synthetic and publicly available real-world data are used. Additionally, a novel framework for multidimensional data stream evolution diagnosis incorporating RWDE into the context of Velocity Density Estimation (VDE) is formulated. Changes in streaming data and changes in their correlation structure are characterised by means of local and global evolution coefficients as well as by means of recursive correlation coefficients. The proposed VDE framework is evaluated using temperature data from the UK and air pollution data from Hong Kong.
Wavelet Analysis of the New Solar Neutrino Capture Rate Data for the Homestake Experiment
Creators: name: Haubold, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wavelet analysis offers an alternative to Fourier based time-series analysis and is particularly useful when spectral features are time dependent. We analyze the solar neutrino capture rate of the radiochemical Homestake chlorine experiment with abbreviated Morlet wavelets, using Foster's (AJ, 111, 1709 (1996)) rescaled wavelet technique. We emphasize the complementarity of wavelet analysis to Fourier analysis. The Homestake data seem to contain a harmonic content with periodicities of 4.76 yr, 1.89 yr, 0.85 yr, and 0.51 yr. Wavelet analysis reveals that the 4.76 yr and 1.89 yr periods show an almost constant behavior over the 25 yr Homestake data record, while the 0.85 yr and 0.51 yr periods exhibit a transient phenomenon. The analysis does not show strong evidence for a period of the solar 11 yr cycle.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX, 6 gif figure files attached, Workshop on Data Analysis Techniques, Brazil, November 1997
Theoretical insights into elaborating and regulating excited state dynamics for the novel 6-cyano-2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2a]pyridine system in polar and nonpolar solvents
Creators: name: Xu, Lei
name: Zhang, Qiaoli
name: Zhang, Tianjie
name: Yang, Dapeng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology

description: Given the importance of excited state relaxation in photochemical and photophysical behaviours, in this work, we mainly focus on the excited state dynamical behaviours for the novel 6-cyano-2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2a]pyridine (6-CN-HPIP) system in different aprotic solvents. We find the ultrafast excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) behaviour without potential energy barrier for 6-CN-HPIP in nonpolar solvents. Furthermore, we also explore the excited state intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions and confirm the hydrogen bond O-H⋯N of 6-CN-HPIP should be strengthened based photo-excitation process. It provides the possibility of ESIPT process. And the charge redistribution resulting from photo-excitation around hydrogen bonding moieties further reveals the ESIPT tendency for 6-CN-HPIP molecule. It is worth mentioning that the increased electronic densities around proton-acceptor moiety play important roles in attracting hydrogen proton, which directly promotes ESIPT reaction. Via constructing potential energy curves, we clarify the ESIPT dynamical process for 6-CN-HPIP system and present a novel mechanism that nonpolar aprotic solvents facilitate ESIPT behaviour for 6-CN-HPIP. We hope that novel applications and developments could be promoted for 6-CH-HPIP and its derivatives through regulating and controlling ESIPT behaviours in future.
Polarization in the broad lines of NLSy1 and BLSy1 galaxies
Creators: name: Popovic, L. C.
name: Afanasiev, V. L.
name: Shapovalova, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an overview of the polarization in the broad lines of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs), where we can use the polarization angle for determination of the black hole masses (as given in [1]). Especially, we considered nine AGNs with strong optical Fe II lines in the spectra, where five of them are typical Narrow Line Sy1 (NLSy1) and four Broad Line Sy1 (BLSy1) AGNs . Comparing the polarization parameters and black hole masses (obtained from polarization) we confirmed that NLSy1 have smaller black hole masses than BLSy1, and seem to have more compact Broad Line Region (BLR) and smaller inner torus radius than BLSy1
description: presented at conference "Revisiting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies and their place in the Universe - NLS1" Padova 9-13 April 2018 Padova Botanical Garden, Italy
Higher titer hyaluronic acid production in recombinant Lactococcus lactis
Creators: name: Sunguroğlu, Cansu
name: Sezgin, Dilber Ece
name: Pınar Aytar Çelik
name: Çabuk, Ahmet
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural biopolymer and has long been attracting the attention of biotechnology industry due to its various biological functions. HA production with natural producer Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus has not been preferred because it has many drawbacks due to its pathogenicity. Therefore, in the present study, Streptococcal hyaluronan synthase gene (hasA) was introduced and expressed in Lactococcus lactis, through the auto inducible NICE system and the effect of nisin amount on the production of HA was examined. Newly constructed plasmid was transformed into L. lactis CES15, produced 6.09 g/l HA in static flask culture after three hours of induction period with initial 7.5 ng/ml nisin concentration within total six hours of incubation. The highest HA titer value ever was reported for recombinant HA-producing L. lactis by examining the effect of initial nisin concentration. We have shown that initial nisin concentration, which used to initiate the auto-inducing mechanism of NICE system and consequently hyaluronan synthase expression, has a direct and significant effect on the produced HA amount. Recently constructed recombinant L. lactis CES15 strain provide significant advantages for industrial HA production than those in literature in terms of production time, energy demand, carbon usage, and safety status.
AmpliCoV: Rapid Whole-Genome Sequencing Using Multiplex PCR Amplification and Real-Time Oxford Nanopore MinION Sequencing Enables Rapid Variant Identification of SARS-CoV-2
Creators: name: Brinkmann, Annika
name: Ulm, Sophie-Luisa
name: Uddin, Steven
name: Förster, Sophie
name: Seifert, Dominique
name: Oehme, Rainer
name: Corty, Merle
name: Schaade, Lars
name: Michel, Janine
name: Nitsche, Andreas
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: MinION
subject: whole-genome sequencing
subject: ampliseq
subject: mutation detection
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Since the emergence of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019, the scientific community has been sharing data on epidemiology, diagnostic methods, and whole-genomic sequences almost in real time. The latter have already facilitated phylogenetic analyses, transmission chain tracking, protein modeling, the identification of possible therapeutic targets, timely risk assessment, and identification of novel variants. We have established and evaluated an amplification-based approach for whole-genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2. It can be used on the miniature-sized and field-deployable sequencing device Oxford Nanopore MinION, with sequencing library preparation time of 10 min. We show that the generation of 50,000 total reads per sample is sufficient for a near complete coverage (>90%) of the SARS-CoV-2 genome directly from patient samples even if virus concentration is low (Ct 35, corresponding to approximately 5 genome copies per reaction). For patient samples with high viral load (Ct 18–24), generation of 50,000 reads in 1–2 h was shown to be sufficient for a genome coverage of >90%. Comparison to Illumina data reveals an accuracy that suffices to identify virus mutants. AmpliCoV can be applied whenever sequence information on SARS-CoV-2 is required rapidly, for instance for the identification of circulating virus mutants.
Molecular Profiling of Lung Cancer
Creators: name: Richards, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Cisplatin is a first line chemotherapeutic agent for lung cancer however, although patients may respond to therapy, resistance often develops with tumour recurrence and disease progression. Somatic alterations in the tumour may alter therapeutic responses. Consequently a model of cisplatin resistance in lung cancer derived A549 cells has been created to examine the genomic changes that occur as chemo-resistance develops. Drug resistance was induced in A549 cells through multiple rounds of cisplatin dosage and recovery over two different time courses. The concentration of cisplatin required to inhibit growth (inhibitory concentration [IC] value) was calculated at each round and cycles were continued until the IC value increased at least four-fold. Cells were harvested and total RNA extracted for whole transcriptome microarray analysis. Data was analysed using R statistics and associated packages, Affy, Limma, Mfuzz and WGCNA. A five-fold increase in IC value was generated over successive doses in both regimes, accompanied by highly significant changes in gene expression. To explore these changes, temporal expression clustering and extensive network analyses were performed across the rounds of cisplatin dosing, as well as an untreated cell culture time course that acted as a comparison to the two treated regimes. The results gathered from this robust model suggest that differences in dose and frequency of chemotherapy may affect genomic changes at specific loci that confer cisplatin resistance. Interesting and relevant pathways and genes have been discovered. In combination with analyses on a small patient cohort, these results have provided insights into the mechanism of cisplatin resistance and have highlighted new clinical biomarkers of potential use in prognosis of patients undergoing cancer treatment.
Gene and Cell Therapy Strategies for the Treatment of Cardiac Hypertrophy: Understanding the Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1
Creators: name: Poggioli, Tommaso
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Cardiac hypertrophy is a growth response elicited in the heart by intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli in pathological as well as physiological conditions. The insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) propeptides regulate cardiac hypertrophy during normal development, although their role during pathological hypertrophy has yet to be explored. Previous data from our laboratory has shown that the locally acting propeptide IGF-1Ea inhibited angiotensin-induced pathological hypertrophy in vitro and more importantly regulated cardiac physiological growth in vivo. To investigate the specific role of IGF-1Ea in cardiac pathological growth response, I mimicked a clinical-like scenario in an animal model by inducing cardiac workload with the beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol and by cell-mediated delivery of IGF-1Ea and IGF-1 mature protein into the myocardial wall of immunodepleted mice. I observed that IGF-1Ea inhibited isoproterenol-induced increase of heart weight-to-body weight (HW/BW) ratio compared to IGF-1 treated mice. In parallel, isoproterenol-mediated increase of cardiomyocytes cross-sectional area was inhibited by IGF-1Ea, but not by IGF-1 mature protein. Importantly, in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that only IGF-1Ea maintained end-diastolic volume, stroke volume, left ventricle mass and left ventricle weight-to-body weight ratio similar to control levels. In conclusion, these in vivo data indicate that IGF-1Ea controls workload-induced maladaptive cardiac growth compared to IGF-1 mature protein and suggest further investigations into the role of IGF-1 propeptides in modulating the balance between physiological versus pathological growth response. The outcome will be relevant for future clinical interventions to prevent degenerating growth responses in patients with cardiovascular disease.
A Galaxy at z=5.34
Creators: name: Dey, Arjun
name: Spinrad, Hyron
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Graham, James R.
name: Chaffee, Frederic H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of Lyman alpha emission from a galaxy at z=5.34, the first object at z>5 with a spectroscopically confirmed redshift. The faint continuum emission (m(8000A)=27 AB mag), relatively small rest-frame equivalent width of the emission line (rest equivalent width of 95A), and limits on the NV/Lya ratio suggest that this is a star-forming galaxy and not an AGN. The star-formation rates implied by the UV continuum emission and the Lyman alpha emission are (in the absence of dust extinction) fairly modest (about 6 Msun/yr for q0=0.5, H0=50). The continuum luminosity is similar to that of sub-L*(1500) star-forming galaxies at z~3, and the width of the Lyman alpha line yields an upper limit to the mass of < 2.6 x 10^{10} Msun. The strong emission line detected in this low-luminosity galaxy provides hope for the discovery of higher luminosity primeval galaxies at redshifts z>5.
description: 13 pages, 3 postscript figures; Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Ultrafast Dynamics of Relativistic Laser Plasma Interactions
Creators: name: Streeter, Matthew
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: This thesis documents the experimental and theoretical investigation of laser pulse evolution in relativistic laser-plasma interactions for plasma-wakefield acceleration and ion acceleration experiments. Power amplification of the Astra Gemini laser in a plasma was observed, with the compression of an initially 55 fs, 180 TW pulse down to 14 fs, with a peak power of 320 TW. This was achieved in a laser-driven plasma wakefield operating just below the self-injection threshold density for a propagation distance of 15 mm. Self-guiding of the laser pulse was observed, while pulse depletion was characterised as a function of density and propagation distance, showing that the pulse evolution scales equally with both. These measurements displayed good agreement with a depletion model based on pulse front etching. Particle-in-cell simulations were seen to closely reproduce the experimental results, which were concluded to be predominantly dependent on the longitudinal properties of the laser and wakefield. The simulations also revealed a new wakefield instability that is driven by the far red-shifted component of the laser pulse. In the case of high-contrast solid-density interactions, oscillations of the front surface of the plasma were seen to result in the generation of the second harmonic of the driving laser for a p-polarised interaction. Conversion efficiencies of 22% into the second harmonic were measured, while the total plasma reflectivity into the first and second harmonics remained relatively constant at 65% over the intensity range of 1E17 - 1E21 W/cm2. For normal incidence interactions with sub-micron thickness foils, the cycle-averaged surface motion was measured using a FROG diagnostic. Targets of a few nanometers in thickness underwent an acceleration away from the laser, but the measured surface velocities did not match the expected hole-boring velocities or the measured ion energies, due to the thermal expansion of the plasma. 2D simulations revealed that studying target motion in this way is affected by the scale length of the plasma and photon acceleration that can occur in the tenuous plasma in front of the laser-reflecting surface.
Performance of a segmented $^{6}$Li-loaded liquid scintillator detector for the PROSPECT experiment
Creators: name: Ashenfelter, J.
name: Balantekin, A. B.
name: Band, H. R.
name: Bass, C. D.
name: Bergeron, D. E.
name: Berish, D.
name: Bowden, N. S.
name: Brodsky, J. P.
name: Bryan, C. D.
name: Telles, A. Bykadorova
name: Cherwinka, J. J.
name: Classen, T.
name: Commeford, K.
name: Conant, A.
name: Davee, D.
name: Deichert, G.
name: Diwan, M. V.
name: Dolinski, M. J.
name: Erickson, A.
name: Foust, B. T.
name: Gaison, J. K.
name: Galindo-Uribarri, A.
name: Gilje, K.
name: Hackett, B.
name: Han, K.
name: Hans, S.
name: Hansell, A.
name: Heeger, K. M.
name: Heffron, B.
name: Insler, J.
name: Jaffe, D. E.
name: Jones, D.
name: Kyzylova, O.
name: Lane, C. E.
name: Langford, T. J.
name: LaRosa, J.
name: Littlejohn, B. R.
name: Lopez, F.
name: Caicedo, D. A. Martinez
name: Matta, J.
name: McKeown, R. D.
name: Mendenhall, M. P.
name: Minock, J.
name: Mueller, P. E.
name: Mumm, H. P.
name: Napolitano, J.
name: Neilson, R.
name: Nikkel, J. A.
name: Norcini, D.
name: Nour, S.
name: Pushin, D. A.
name: Qian, X.
name: Romero-Romero, E.
name: Rosero, R.
name: Surukuchi, P. T.
name: Trinh, C.
name: Tyra, M. A.
name: Wagner, J. M.
name: White, C.
name: Wilhelmi, J.
name: Wise, T.
name: Yeh, M.
name: Yen, Y. -R.
name: Zhang, A.
name: Zhang, C.
name: Zhang, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the design and performance of a 50 liter, two-segment $^{6}$Li-loaded liquid scintillator detector that was designed and operated as prototype for the PROSPECT (Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum) Experiment. The two-segment detector was constructed according to the design specifications of the experiment. It features low-mass optical separators, an integrated source and optical calibration system, and materials that are compatible with the $^{6}$Li-doped scintillator developed by PROSPECT. We demonstrate a high light collection of 850$\pm$20 PE/MeV, an energy resolution of $σ$ = 4.0$\pm$0.2% at 1 MeV, and efficient pulse-shape discrimination of low $dE/dx$ (electronic recoil) and high $dE/dx$ (nuclear recoil) energy depositions. An effective scintillation attenuation length of 85$\pm$3 cm is measured in each segment. The 0.1% by mass concentration of $^{6}$Li in the scintillator results in a measured neutron capture time of $τ$ = 42.8$\pm$0.2 $μs$. The long-term stability of the scintillator is also discussed. The detector response meets the criteria necessary for achieving the PROSPECT physics goals and demonstrates features that may find application in fast neutron detection.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures; minor edits to design detail and references
Additional file 1 of BioisoIdentifier: an online free tool to investigate local structural replacements from PDB
Creators: name: Zhang, Tinghao
name: Sun, Shaohua
name: Wang, Runzhou
name: Li, Ting
name: Gan, Bicheng
name: Zhang, Yuezhou
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: S1.'batch_download.sh' # Python script to download the PDB database code: S2. Taking 3-substituent as the target functional group, the bioelectronic isoplatoon was searched in BII, and the results were as follows, a total of 50 pages of data. S3. The LSR subgroup of 4-substituent catechol categorized as cycle C+O+N. S4 The LSR subgroup of 3,4-substituent catechol categorized as cycle C+O+N. S5 Visualization of the data clustering.
title: ADCO, Boursier de Cîteaux : comptes (1489-1493) (11 H 1166), f. 00199
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Boursier de Cîteaux : comptes (1489-1493), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1166). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Boursier de Cîteaux : comptes (1489-1493), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1166), f. 00199, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Tests of the continuum limit for the $SO(4)$ Principal Chiral Model and the prediction for $Ł_\MS$
Creators: name: Hasenbusch, M.
name: Horgan, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the continuum limit in $SO(N)$ Principal Chiral Models concentrating in detail on the $SO(4)$ model and its covering group SU(2)xSU(2). We compute the mass gap in terms of Lambda_MS and compare with the prediction of Hollowood of $m/Ł_\MS = 3.8716$. We use the finite-size scaling method of Lüscher et al. to deduce $m/Ł_\MS$ and find that for the $SO(4)$ model the computed result of $m/Ł_\MS \sim 14$ is in strong disagreement with theory but that a similar analysis of the SU(2)xSU(2) yields excellent agreement with theory. We conjecture that for $SO(4)$ violations of the finite-size scaling assumption are severe forthe values of the correlation length, $ξ$, investigated and that our attempts to extrapolate the results to zero lattice spacing, although plausible, are erroneous. Conversely, the finite-size scaling violations in the SU(2)xSU(2) simulation are consistent with perturbation theory and the computed $beta-$function agrees well with the 3-loop approximation for couplings evaluated at scales $L/a \le ξ$, where $ξ$ is measured in units of the lattice spacing, $a$. We conjecture that lattice vortex artifacts in the $SO(4)$ model are responsible for delaying the onset of the continuum limit until much larger correlation lengths are achieved notwithstanding the apparent onset of scaling. Results for the mass spectrum for SO(N) m, N=8,10 are given whose comparison with theory gives plausible support to our ideas.
description: 27 pages , 1 Postscript-file, uuencoded
Partition functions in superstring theory and SQCD
Creators: name: Thomson, Andrew
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: In this thesis we apply the methods of partition functions to massive superstring spectra and the moduli spaces, or spaces of zero-energy configurations, of supersymmetric QCD gauge theories. In the first part of this thesis we consider the massive covariant perturbative superstring spectra of compactifications of the type I open superstring preserving 4, 8 or 16 supercharges. There are an enormous number of ways in which the required amount of symmetry can be obtained, but here we concentrate on the `universal' states that are present in every possible compactification preserving that amount of supersymmetry. For each super-Poincar\'e representation we derive the multiplicity generating function, or the power series counting the number of times that representation occurs at each mass level, and from these we derive empirically the stable pattern or leading Regge trajectory that these multiplicity generating functions approach in the limit of large spin. For the mathematically tractable and phenomenologically relevant case of 4 supercharges we also derive these power series analytically and see that they agree with the empirical ones. In the second part we introduce the type of partition functions called Hilbert series, which count the number of algebraically or linearly independent polynomials at each graded level of a graded algebraic structure such as a (graded) ring, module or ideal. In supersymmetric gauge theories the algebraic structure is the chiral ring which is generated by the gauge-invariant operators of the theory. The specific theories we consider are supersymmetric generalizations of QCD, or SQCD, with exceptional or related (by sequence or folding of the Dynkin diagram or Higgsing) gauge groups with specified numbers of flavours of matter in specific representations. We show, as for theories with classical gauge groups, that the moduli spaces are Calabi-Yau manifolds and also demonstrate relations between the Hilbert series of SQCD theories related by Higgsing on one or more flavours of matter in specific representations.
The rotational velocity of low-mass stars in the Pleiades
Creators: name: Queloz, D.
name: Allain, S .
name: Mermilliod, J. -C.
name: Bouvier, J.
name: Mayor, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new vsini measurements for 235 low-mass stars in the Pleiades. The differential rotational broadening has been resolved for all the stars in our sample. These results, combined with previously published measurements, provide a complete and unbiased rotation data set for stars in the mass range from 0.6 to 1.2 Msol. Applying a numerical inversion technique on the vsini distributions, we derive the distributions of velocities for low-mass Pleiades members. Comparison of the rotational distributions of low-mass members between IC 2602/2391 and the Pleiades suggests that G dwarfs behave like solid-bodies and follow Skumanich's law during this time span. However, comparison between Pleiades and older clusters (M34 and Hyades) indicates that the braking of slow rotators on the early main sequence is weaker than predicted by an asymptotical Skumanich's law. This strongly supports the view that angular momentum tapped in the radiative core of slow rotators on the zero age main sequence (ZAMS) resurfaces into the convective envelope between Pleiades and Hyades age. For the G-dwarfs, we derive a characteristic coupling time scale between the core and the envelope of about 100--200Myr. The relationship between rotation and coronal activity in the Pleiades is in agreement with previous observations in other clusters and field stars. We show that the Rossby diagram provides an excellent description of the X-ray activity for all stars in the mass domain studied. The Pleiades data for slow and moderate rotators fills the gap between the X-ray--rotation correlation found for slow rotators and the X-ray ``saturation plateau'' observed for young fast rotators.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics Main Journal
Édimbourg, National Library, Adv. MS 19.2.1, fol. 1r-6v, traduction française (Gregorius Digital EN1-1)
Creators: name: Andersen, Peter
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Ce document Word est une traduction française du manuscrit Édimbourg, National Library, Adv. MS 19.2.1, fol. 1r-6v, complété par des transcriptions diplomatiques partielles des manuscrits Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Eng. Poet. a. 1, fol. 45r-47r, et Londres, British Library, Cotton MS Cleopatra D.IX, fol. 153v-161v, réalisée par Leo Carruthers, contient le récit du Bon Pécheur et est édité dans le cadre du projet Gregorius Digital sous le sigle EN1-1 (dir. Peter Andersen – ARCHE UMR 3400 – Université de Strasbourg)
Interplay of universality classes in a three-dimensional Yukawa model
Creators: name: Focht, E.
name: Jersak, J.
name: Paul, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate numerically on the lattice the interplay of universality classes of the three-dimensional Yukawa model with U(1) chiral symmetry, using the Binder method of finite size scaling. At zero Yukawa coupling the scaling related to the magnetic Wilson--Fisher fixed point is confirmed. At sufficiently strong Yukawa coupling the dominance of the chiral fixed point associated with the 3D Gross--Neveu model is observed for various values of the coupling parameters, including infinite scalar selfcoupling. In both cases the Binder method works consistently in a broad range of lattice sizes. However, when the Yukawa coupling is decreased the finite size behavior gets complicated and the Binder method gives inconsistent results for different lattice sizes. This signals a cross-over between the universality classes of the two fixed points.
description: 24 pp. LaTeX 2e src, needs psfig.sty
Additional file 1 of MicroRNA-93-5p regulates odontogenic differentiation and dentin formation via KDM6B
Creators: name: Wu, Si
name: Xu, Xin
name: Gao, Shiqi
name: Huo, Sibei
name: Wan, Mian
name: Zhou, Xin
name: Zhou, Xuedong
name: Zheng, Liwei
name: Zhou, Yachuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. MiR-93-5p is downregulated in bell stage of human tooth germ and predicted to target on 3′UTR of KDM6B. (A) Heatmap of differentially expressed miRNAs during bell stage of human tooth germ (P < 0.05). (B) MiR-93-5p was predicted to target on KDM6B in databases of TargetScanHuman7.2, miRbase Target and miRDB. Figure S2. Rat pulpotomy model. (A–H) The pulpotomy on rats’ maxillary first molars. (I) The observation of green fluorescence protein in rats’ molars identified the transfection of agents was effective.
Time in quantum mechanics and the local non-conservation of the probability current
Creators: name: Modanese, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In relativistic quantum field theory with local interactions, charge is locally conserved. This implies local conservation of probability for the Dirac and Klein-Gordon wavefunctions, as special cases; and then in turn for non-relativistic quantum field theory and for the Schroedinger and Ginzburg-Landau equations, regarded as low energy limits. Quantum mechanics, however, is wider than quantum field theory, as an effective model of reality. For instance, fractional quantum mechanics and Schroedinger equations with non-local terms have been successfully employed in several applications. The non-locality of these formalisms is strictly related to the problem of time in quantum mechanics. We compute explicitly for continuum wave packets the terms of the fractional Schroedinger equation and of the non-local Schroedinger equation by Lenzi et al. which break the local current conservation, and discuss their physical significance. The results are especially relevant for the electromagnetic coupling of these wavefunctions. A connection with the non-local Gorkov equation for superconductors and their proximity effect is also outlined.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Lauryl sulfate@magnetic graphene oxide nanosorbent for fast methylene blue recovery from aqueous solutions
Creators: name: Yakout, Amr A.
name: Medhat A. Shaker
name: Elwakeel, Khalid Z.
name: Alshitari, Wael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Lauryl sulfate is utilized to functionalize magnetic graphene oxide (MGOLS) for fast removal of methylene blue (MB) using batch sorption experiments. The effects of different analytical parameters including medium pH, equilibration time, MGOLS dosage, initial MB concentration and temperature on the % MB removal are investigated. Among different isotherm and kinetic models, the experimental data were best fitted to the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order rate equations. The maximum Langmuir loading capacity reaches 624.42 mg g−1 for MGOLS under optimal conditions. Sorption kinetic of MGOLS is very fast: Approximately 96% of dye extraction was recorded within the first 2 minutes of this sorption process. The sorption mechanism is proposed and the feasibility, thermic and entropic characteristics were evaluated. Sorption and desorption performances of MGOLS are maintained almost constant over five cycles of sorption/desorption. The results concluded MGOLS as an efficient extractor for fast and feasible recovery of MB from aqueous matrices.
Development of thermal sensitive liposomes for targeted delivery and controlled release of drug
Creators: name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: One of the clinical challenges in the treatment of diseases with a discrete distribution is the local delivery of active drugs without causing systemic side effects. Doxorubicin, an anti-cancer drug, is an example that may cause damage to patients due to its interaction with normal cells. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is another active agent whose effectiveness is compromised due to its unselective effect on both healthy and pathological blood clots. Thermal sensitive liposome is a drug carrier that is not only able to entrap drug into it hydrophilic interior but can also release encapsulated agents upon mild hyperthermia. Currently, lysolipid-containing thermal sensitive liposome (LTSL) is a standard formulation due to its rapid release behaviour. However, concerns have been raised regarding the negative effect of lysolipid on LTSL stability that results in undesirable leakage of encapsulated drug in vivo at physiological temperature. Therefore, the first aim of the project was to develop a lysolipid-free thermal sensitive liposome (TSL) formulation. For this purpose, doxorubicin was adopted as a model drug. The amount of doxorubicin molecules encapsulated in TSL (0.0123 mg of doxorubicin per 1 mg of lipid) was 2 times the amount in the existing publications (0.05 mg of doxorubicin per 1 mg of lipid ). This was done by optimizing the incubation temperature (36oC for 1 hour) during preparation of TSL. When heated from room temperature to 42 oC, doxorubicin-encapsulated-TSLs release encapsulated doxorubicin molecules faster than their LTSL counterpart. This may result from a higher membrane-bound doxorubicin concentration in dox-TSLs. The second objective of the project was to develop a tPA-encapsulated TSL (tPA-TSL) formulation that can release encapsulated tPA molecules under hyperthermia condition. It has been demonstrated that the developed tPA-TSL was able to release encapsulated tPA upon 7 minute heating at 45oC. The release of tPA molecules was expected to result from irreversible destruction of liposome upon heating, as was demonstrated by reduction of particle size.
Adjoint ``Quarks'' and the Physics of Confinement
Creators: name: Trottier, Howard D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quark-antiquark potential and the chromoelectric fields generated by ``quarks'' in the adjoint representation of SU(2) color are analyzed in the scaling region of the theory. New results with interesting implications for our understanding of the confinement mechanism are presented. In particular, the formation of color-electric flux-tubes between adjoint quarks is demonstrated in four-dimensional SU(2) color. The flux-tubes for fundamental and adjoint representation quarks are shown to have very similar cross-sections. This result could imply that the QCD vacuum is dual to a type I superconductor.
description: 4 pages (including figures) in one uuencoded postscript file; Contribution to Lattice 95
A new sample of faint Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum radio sources
Creators: name: Snellen, I. A. G.
name: Schilizzi, R. T.
name: de Bruyn, A. G.
name: Miley, G. K.
name: Rengelink, R. B.
name: Rottgering, H. J. A.
name: Bremer, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Westerbork Northern Sky Survey (WENSS) has been used to select a sample of Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) radio sources at flux densities one to two orders of magnitude lower than bright GPS sources investigated in earlier studies. Sources with inverted spectra at frequencies above 325 MHz have been observed with the WSRT at 1.4 and 5 GHz and with the VLA at 8.6 and 15 GHz to select genuine GPS sources. This has resulted in a sample of 47 GPS sources with peak frequencies ranging from ~500 MHz to >15 GHz, and peak flux densities ranging from ~40 to ~900 mJy. Counts of GPS sources in our sample as a function of flux density have been compared with counts of large scale sources from WENSS scaled to 2 GHz, the typical peak frequency of our GPS sources. The counts can be made similar if the number of large scale sources at 2 GHz is divided by 250, and their flux densities increase by a factor of 10. On the scenario that all GPS sources evolve into large scale radio sources, these results show that the lifetime of a typical GPS source is ~250 times shorter than a typical large scale radio source, and that the source luminosity must decrease by a factor of ~10 in evolving from GPS to large scale radio source. However, we note that the redshift distributions of GPS and large scale radio sources are different and that this hampers a direct and straightforward interpretation of the source counts. Further modeling of radio source evolution combined with cosmological evolution of the radio luminosity function for large sources is required.
description: LaTeX, 15 pages, 8 figs. To be published in A&AS. For more info see http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/~snellen
Privacy against Statistical Matching: Inter-User Correlation
Creators: name: Takbiri, Nazanin
name: Houmansadr, Amir
name: Goeckel, Dennis L.
name: Pishro-Nik, Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern applications significantly enhance user experience by adapting to each user's individual condition and/or preferences. While this adaptation can greatly improve utility or be essential for the application to work (e.g., for ride-sharing applications), the exposure of user data to the application presents a significant privacy threat to the users, even when the traces are anonymized, since the statistical matching of an anonymized trace to prior user behavior can identify a user and their habits. Because of the current and growing algorithmic and computational capabilities of adversaries, provable privacy guarantees as a function of the degree of anonymization and obfuscation of the traces are necessary. Our previous work has established the requirements on anonymization and obfuscation in the case that data traces are independent between users. However, the data traces of different users will be dependent in many applications, and an adversary can potentially exploit such. In this paper, we consider the impact of correlation between user traces on their privacy. First, we demonstrate that the adversary can readily identify the association graph, revealing which user data traces are correlated. Next, we demonstrate that the adversary can use this association graph to break user privacy with significantly shorter traces than in the case when traces are independent between users, and that independent obfuscation of the data traces is often insufficient to remedy such. Finally, we discuss how the users can employ dependency in their obfuscation to improve their privacy.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1702.02701 and arXiv:1710.00197
Structure elucidation capabilities on typical pharmaceutical drugs by new nuclear magnetic resonance technology: a 400 MHz high-temperature superconducting power-driven magnet NMR system
Creators: name: Elipe, Maria Victoria Silva
name: Donovan, Neil
name: Krull, Robert
name: Pooke, Donald
name: Colson, Kimberly L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful technique for the structure elucidation of organic molecules and significantly important in the pharmaceutical industry supporting the discovery and development of drug substances or active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Following an initial study and assessment of a prototype NMR instrument with a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) power-driven magnet of 9.4 T (400 MHz for 1H observation) operating with standard commercial electronics and probes, we tested the instrument with three compounds representing typical pharmaceutical drugs. We compared results from two probes and shimstacks with different geometries (broadband fluorine observe (BBFO) with Bruker orthogonal shim system-3 (BOSS3) and Bruker quattro nucleus probe (QNP) with BOSS1 shims) testing standard one-dimensional (1D) NMR experiments including selective excitation experiments, and two-dimensional (2D) homonuclear and heteronuclear experiments for the purposes of evaluating the equipment for structure elucidation capabilities. In our initial study on cinacalcet HCl, only the 1D 1H experiment showed a loss of resolution when using the longer coiled BBFO probe with the BOSS3 shims compared to the shorter coiled QNP probe with BOSS1 shims. The selective excitation experiments using the cinacalcet HCl were successful. Our characterization of 1D (1H, 13C, 19F) and 2D (1H-1H and 1H-13C) NMR experiments for compounds I and II with the two probes and shimstacks indicated no significance differences. Overall, these results are satisfactory with the HTS magnet at the field of 9.4 T for the structural elucidation work of standard pharmaceutical compounds. This new technology has the advantage of being able to locate the HTS NMR magnet system in any chemistry or analytical laboratory where the samples are produced, facilitating rapid analysis with minor needs from the facilities and without cryogenic liquids.