cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Taxonomy for the Configurations of Quadruply Lensed Quasars
Creators: name: Schechter, Paul L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple, novice-friendly scheme for classifying the image configurations of quadruply lensed quasars is proposed. With only six classes, it is intentionally coarse-grained. It focuses on the kitelikeness and circularity of these configurations, or the absence thereof. Other features are deliberately ignored, their importance to professional astronomers notwithstanding. Readers are invited to test drive the scheme on a sample of 12 quadruply lensed quasar systems. The theoretical underpinnings of the scheme are described in a technical appendix.
description: Revised at referee's suggestion. Theoretical considerations relegated to an appendix. Includes new figure
Turning bacteria suspensions into a "superfluid"
Creators: name: López, Héctor Matías
name: Gachelin, Jérémie
name: Douarche, Carine
name: Auradou, Harold
name: Clément, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rheological response under simple shear of an active suspension of Escherichia coli is determined in a large range of shear rates and concentrations. The effective viscosity and the time scales characterizing the bacterial organization under shear are obtained. In the dilute regime, we bring evidences for a low shear Newtonian plateau characterized by a shear viscosity decreasing with concentration. In the semi-dilute regime, for particularly active bacteria, the suspension display a "super-fluid" like transition where the viscous resistance to shear vanishes, thus showing that macroscopically, the activity of pusher swimmers organized by shear, is able to fully overcome the dissipative effects due to viscous loss.
The gravitational Hamiltonian, first order action, Poincaré charges and surface terms
Creators: name: Corichi, Alejandro
name: Reyes, Juan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the issue of attaining a consistent Hamiltonian formulation, after a 3+1 splitting, of a well defined action principle for asymptotically flat gravity. More precisely, our starting point is the gravitational first order Holst action with surface terms and fall-off conditions that make the variational principle and the covariant phase space formulation well defined for asymptotically flat spacetimes. Keeping all surface terms and paying due attention to subtleties that arise from the different cut-offs at infinity, we give a derivation of the gravitational Hamiltonian starting from this action. The 3+1 decomposition and time gauge fixing results in a well defined Hamiltonian action and a well defined Hamiltonian formulation for the standard -and more general- asymptotic ADM conditions. Unlike the case of the Einstein-Hilbert action with Gibbons-Hawking-York or Hawking-Horowitz terms, here we {\it {do}} recover the ADM energy-momentum from the covariant surface term also when more general variations respecting asymptotic flatness are allowed. Additionally, our strategy yields a derivation of the parity conditions for connection variables independent of the conditions given by Regge and Teitelboim for ADM variables. Finally, we exhibit the other Poincaré generators in terms of real Ashtekar-Barbero variables. We complement previous constructions in self-dual variables by pointing out several subtleties and refining the argument showing that -on shell- they coincide with the ADM charges. Our results represent the first consistent treatment of the Hamiltonian formulation for the connection-tetrad gravitational degrees of freedom, starting from a well posed action, in the case of asymptotically flat boundary conditions.
description: 56 pages, 4 figures. Minor typos corrected and references added. File matches published version
Supplementary Results from Experimental evidence that intruder and group member attributes affect outgroup defence and associated within-group interactions in a social fish.
Creators: name: Goncalves, Ines Braga
name: Radford, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Final statistical models and removed terms, and supplemental figure.
EFFECTS OF HEAD IMPACT BIOMECHANICS ON VISUAL PERFORMANCE IN COLLEGIATE FOOTBALL PLAYERS: A CONCUSSION PERSPECTIVE
Creators: name: Kruse, Miranda Naomi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Current concussion research focuses on the pathophysiological effects of head impacts over time. This study examined the acute effects of subconcussive head impacts and what tools clinicians can use to assess visual function. Visual disruptions occur in most cases of concussion; however, standard visual assessments have yet to be implemented. We investigated the effects of a theoretical concussive injury threshold on visual performance. The Head Impact Telemetry System was used to classify subjects into two testing conditions: high impact severity measured by peak linear acceleration (PLA > 90 g) and low impact severity (PLA < 60 g). Visual assessments completed post-practice were analyzed using multiple analyses of covariance and logistic regression. Our data revealed significant declines in pupillary response while other visual processes remained unchanged. This study furthers our understanding of cumulative head impacts on the visual system and supports the lack of evidence for a “hard hit” bias.
(836) John Simpson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Visualisation of oral dosage form disintegration and dissolution in the healthy human stomach using MRI
Creators: name: Tejal Akbar
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Magnetic resonance imaging
subject: Dissolution
subject: MRI
subject: Stomach
subject: Disintegration
subject: Oral dosage form

description: The objective of this scoping review is to understand how Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been used to visualise oral dosage form disintegration and dissolution in the healthy human stomach.
CPA-lasing associated with the quasibound states in the continuum in asymmetric non-Hermitian structures
Creators: name: Novitsky, Denis V.
name: Valero, Adia Canos
name: Krotov, Alexander
name: Salgals, Toms
name: Shalin, Alexander S.
name: Novitsky, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Hermitian photonic systems with loss and gain attract much attention due to their exceptional abilities in molding the flow of light. Introducing asymmetry to the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric system with perfectly balanced loss and gain, we reveal the mechanism of transition from the quasibound state in the continuum (quasi-BIC) to the simultaneous coherent perfect absorption (CPA) and lasing in a layered structure comprising epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) media. Two types of asymmetry (geometric and non-Hermitian) are analyzed with the scattering matrix technique. The effect of the CPA-lasing associated with the quasi-BIC is characterized with the unusual linear dependence of the quality factor on the inverse of asymmetry parameter. Moreover, the counter-intuitive loss-induced-lasing-like behavior is found at the CPA-lasing point under the non-Hermitian asymmetry. The reported features of non-Hermitian structures are perspective for sensing and lasing applications.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Future Extensive Air Shower arrays: from Gamma-Ray Astronomy to Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Di Sciascio, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite large progresses in building new detectors and in the analysis techniques, the key questions concerning the origin, acceleration and propagation of Galactic Cosmic Rays are still open. A number of new EAS arrays is in progress. The most ambitious and sensitive project between them is LHAASO, a new generation multi-component experiment to be installed at very high altitude in China (Daocheng, Sichuan province, 4400 m a.s.l.). The experiment will face the open problems through a combined study of photon- and charged particle-induced extensive air showers in the wide energy range 10$^{11}$ - 10$^{18}$ eV. In this paper the status of the experiment will be summarized, the science program presented and the outlook discussed in comparison with leading new projects.
description: Invited plenary talk at RICAP 2014
(831) Will Bell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Bifunctional Metamaterials with Simultaneous and Independent Manipulation of Thermal and Electric Fields
Creators: name: Lan, Chuwen
name: Li, Bo
name: Zhou, Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metamaterials offer a powerful way to manipulate a variety of physical fields ranging from wave fields (electromagnetic field, acoustic field, elastic wave, etc.), static fields (static magnetic field, static electric field) to diffusive fields (thermal field, diffusive mass). However, the relevant reports and studies are usually conducted on a single physical field or functionality. In this study, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a bifunctional metamaterial which can manipulate thermal and electric fields simultaneously and independently. Specifically, a composite with independently controllable thermal and electric conductivity was introduced, on the basis of which a bifunctional device capable of shielding thermal flux and concentrating electric current simultaneously was designed, fabricated and characterized. This work provides an encouraging example of metamaterials transcending their natural limitations, which offers a promising future in building a broad platform for manipulation of multi-physics field.
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL PAPER: Exercise and tumor proteome: Insights from a neuroblastoma model
Creators: name: Plaza-Florido, Abel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310205
subject: Proteomics and metabolomics
classificationCode: 321399
subject: Paediatrics not elsewhere classified

description: SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL PAPER: Exercise and tumor proteome: Insights from a neuroblastoma model
Supplementary Tables from Parallel genomic architecture underlies repeated sexual signal divergence in Hawaiian Laupala crickets
Creators: name: Blankers, Thomas
name: Oh, Kevin P.
name: Shaw, Kerry L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Document containing all four supplementary tables: Table S1. QTL results for CerEuk. QTL were mapped using 230 F2 individuals; Table S2. Scaffolds connected by red dashed lines in Fig 1D.; Table S3. 95% Bayesian Credible Intervals around the QTL peaks for all three crosses.; Table S4. Extent of QTL sharing.
Polyakov loop fluctuations in Dirac eigenmode expansion
Creators: name: Doi, Takahiro M.
name: Redlich, Krzysztof
name: Sasaki, Chihiro
name: Suganuma, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate correlations of the Polyakov loop fluctuations with eigenmodes of the lattice Dirac operator. Their analytic relations are derived on the temporally odd-number size lattice with the normal non-twisted periodic boundary condition for the link-variables. We find that the low-lying Dirac modes yield negligible contributions to the Polyakov loop fluctuations. This property is confirmed to be valid in confined and deconfined phase by numerical simulations in SU(3) quenched QCD. These results indicate that there is no direct, one-to-one correspondence between confinement and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD in the context of different properties of the Polyakov loop fluctuation ratios.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Constraining the Braking Indices of Magnetars
Creators: name: Gao, Z. F.
name: Li, X. D.
name: Wang, N.
name: Yuan, J. P.
name: Peng, Q. H.
name: Du, Y. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the lack of long term pulsed emission in quiescence and the strong timing noise, it is impossible to directly measure the braking index $n$ of a magnetar. Based on the estimated ages of their potentially associated supernova remnants (SNRs), we estimate the values of the mean braking indices of eight magnetars with SNRs, and find that they cluster in a range of $1\sim$42. Five magnetars have smaller mean braking indices of $13$ for other three magnetars are attributed to the decay of external braking torque, which might be caused by magnetic field decay. We estimate the possible wind luminosities for the magnetars with $13$ within the updated magneto-thermal evolution models. Although the constrained range of the magnetars' braking indices is tentative, due to the uncertainties in the SNR ages, which come from distance uncertainties and the unknown conditions of the expanding shells, our method provides an effective way to constrain the magnetars' braking indices if the measurements of the SNRs' ages are reliable, which can be improved by future observations.
description: 11 Pages, 3 figures, 5 tables, accepted by MNRAS
Supplementary Methods from Experimental evidence that intruder and group member attributes affect outgroup defence and associated within-group interactions in a social fish
Creators: name: Goncalves, Ines Braga
name: Radford, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary methodological information.
(833) William Gisburn
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Argyres-Douglas Theories, S^1 Reductions, and Topological Symmetries
Creators: name: Buican, Matthew
name: Nishinaka, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper, we proposed closed-form expressions for the superconformal indices of the (A_1, A_{2n-3}) and (A_1, D_{2n}) Argyres-Douglas (AD) superconformal field theories (SCFTs) in the Schur limit. Following up on our results, we turn our attention to the small S^1 regime of these indices. As expected on general grounds, our study reproduces the S^3 partition functions of the resulting dimensionally reduced theories. However, we show that in all cases---with the exception of the reduction of the (A_1, D_4) SCFT---certain imaginary partners of real mass terms are turned on in the corresponding mirror theories. We interpret these deformations as R symmetry mixing with the topological symmetries of the direct S^1 reductions. Moreover, we argue that these shifts occur in any of our theories whose four-dimensional N=2 superconformal U(1)_R symmetry does not obey an SU(2) quantization condition. We then use our R symmetry map to find the four-dimensional ancestors of certain three-dimensional operators. Somewhat surprisingly, this picture turns out to imply that the scaling dimensions of many of the chiral operators of the four-dimensional theory are encoded in accidental symmetries of the three-dimensional theory. We also comment on the implications of our work on the space of general N=2 SCFTs.
description: 31 pages; version 2: small typos corrected; results unchanged; published version;
EOSC-Pillar D7.1 - Guidelines and Recommendations for the Technical Integration of Resources and Services in the EOSC
Creators: name: Gaido, Luciano
name: Chiavarini, Beatrice
name: Pisa, Claudio
name: Galeazzi, Fulvio
name: Verlato, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: EOSC
Open Science
EOSC Portal

description: This deliverable describes the activities performed within EOSC-Pillar task T7.1 to collect information about needs for support to integrate services, either from the project use cases and services (WP6, T7.4) or from other actors, i.e. the partners involved in the project as well as the national or thematic infrastructures in the EOSC-Pillar countries. The collection of this information has been conducted in various ways: through a direct interaction with WP6, through the WP3 survey on national initiatives and through a set of interviews with representatives of national infrastructures in participating countries (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy). This document reports all these findings, in terms of need for support to integrate services or to onboard them into the EOSC Catalogue but it also contains the guidelines and procedures released in milestones MS31 (Integration and Federation Guidelines) and MS32 (Procedures to Include National Services in EOSC). In addition, this document describes the steps national or thematic catalogue operators should follow to make it interoperable with the EOSC one.
Supplementary Figures S1-S3 from Recalibration of the insect evolutionary time scale using Monte San Giorgio fossils suggests survival of key lineages through the End-Permian Extinction.
Creators: name: Montagna, Matteo
name: K. Jun Tong
name: Magoga, Giulia
name: Strada, Laura
name: Tintori, Andrea
name: Ho, Simon Y. W.
name: Lo, Nathan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Insects are a highly diverse group of organisms and constitute more than half of all known animal species. They have evolved an extraordinary range of traits, from flight and complete metamorphosis to complex polyphenisms and advanced eusociality. Although the rich insect fossil record has helped to chart the appearance of many phenotypic innovations, data are scarce for a number of key periods. One such period is that following the End-Permian Extinction, recognized as the most catastrophic of all extinction events. We recently discovered several 240-million-year-old insect fossils in the Mount San Giorgio Lagerstätte (Switzerland–Italy) that are remarkable for their state of preservation (including internal organs and soft tissues), and because they extend the records of their respective taxa by up to 200 million years. By using these fossils as calibrations in a phylogenomic dating analysis, we present a revised timescale for insect evolution. Our date estimates for several major lineages, including the hyperdiverse crown groups of Lepidoptera, Hemiptera Heteroptera and Diptera, are substantially older than their currently accepted post-Permian origins. We found that major evolutionary innovations, including flight and metamorphosis, appeared considerably earlier than previously thought. These results have numerous implications for understanding the evolution of insects and their resilience in the face of extreme events such as the End-Permian Extinction.
Using nominal group technique to identify perceived barriers and facilitators to improving uptake of the Prison Needle Exchange Program in Canadian federal prisons by correctional officers and healthcare workers
Creators: name: Kronfli, Nadine
name: Lafferty, L
name: Leone, F
name: Stoove, Mark
name: Hajarizadeh, B
name: Lloyd, AR
name: L. Altice, Frederick
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration
classificationCode: 4402
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Background: Elimination of bloodborne viruses including HIV and hepatitis C virus from prisons requires high coverage of evidence-based interventions that prevent bloodborne virus transmission, including needle and syringe programs. Canada launched a Prison Needle Exchange Program (PNEP) in nine federal prisons in 2018; however, uptake among people who inject drugs in prison remains low. We aimed to explore barriers and facilitators to improving PNEP uptake identified by correctional officers and healthcare workers. Methods: Participants from nine federal prisons with PNEP completed focus groups using nominal group technique, a rapid mixed-method consensus strategy. Responses were generated, rank-ordered, and prioritized by each stakeholder group. We identified the highest-ranking responses (≥10 % of the overall votes) to questions about barriers and facilitators to PNEP uptake. Results: Between September 2023 and February 2024, 16 focus groups were conducted with 118 participants (n = 51 correctional officers; n = 67 healthcare workers). Among correctional officers, the top perceived barriers were bullying from peers (22 %), fear of being targeted by correctional officers (14 %), and fear of repercussions due to drug use (13 %). The top facilitators were safe injection sites (30 %), provision of wrap-around services (16 %), and education of correctional officers (10 %). Among healthcare workers, the top perceived barriers were lack of confidentiality (16 %), fear of being targeted by correctional officers (12 %), and a long and complex application process (11 %). The top facilitators were education of correctional officers (29 %), delivery of PNEP by an external provider (15 %), automatic approval for participation in the PNEP (13 %), and safe injection sites (12 %). Conclusion: Multiple modifiable barriers and solutions to improving PNEP uptake in Canadian federal prisons were identified by correctional employees. Both participant groups identified the potential for safe injection sites and education to correctional officers as enabling PNEP uptake. These data will inform Canadian efforts to improve engagement and to expand PNEP coverage.
Discovery of a 584.65 Hz Burst Oscillation in the Low Mass X-Ray Binary 4U 1730--22
Creators: name: Li, Zhaosheng
name: Yu, Wenhui
name: Lu, Yongqi
name: Pan, Yuanyue
name: Falanga, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type-I X-ray burst oscillations are powered by thermonuclear released on the neutron star (NS) surface in low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs), where the burst oscillation frequencies are close to the NS spin rates. In this work, we report the detection of oscillation at 584.65 Hz during the cooling tail of a type-I X-ray bursts observed from the accreting NS LMXB 4U~1730--22 in 2022 March 20, by the \textit{ Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer} (\textit{NICER}) telescope. The oscillation signal showed a strong Leahy power, $P_{\rm m}\sim54.04$, around 584.65 Hz, which has single trial and multiple trials confidence levels of $7.05σ$ and $4.78σ$, respectively. The folded pulse profile of the oscillation in the 0.2--10 keV band showed a sinusoidal shape with the fraction amplitude rms of $(12.5\pm1.8)\%$. We found the oscillation frequency showed insignificant upward drifting, i.e., less than 0.3 Hz, during the cooling tail, similar as the behavior appearing in accreting millisecond X-ray pulsars (AMXP), and indicate the source could be an AMXP spinning at 1.71 ms.
description: matches published version
Observation of high angular momentum excitons in cuprous oxide
Creators: name: Thewes, J.
name: Heckötter, J.
name: Kazimierczuk, T.
name: Aßmann, M.
name: Fröhlich, D.
name: Bayer, M.
name: Semina, M. A.
name: Glazov, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent observation of dipole-allowed $P$-excitons up to principal quantum numbers of $n=25$ in cuprous oxide has given insight into exciton states with unprecedented spectral resolution. While so far the exciton description as a hydrogen-like complex has been sufficient for cubic crystals, we demonstrate here distinct deviations: The breaking of rotational symmetry leads to mixing of high angular momentum $F$- and $H$-excitons with the $P$-excitons so that they can be observed in absorption. The $F$-excitons show a three-fold splitting that depends systematically on $n$, in agreement with theoretical considerations. From detailed comparison of experiment and theory we determine the cubic anisotropy parameter of the Cu$_2$O valence band.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures + supplementary information
(829) Sarah Walker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
EOSC-Pillar D7.1 - Guidelines and Recommendations for the Technical Integration of Resources and Services in the EOSC
Creators: name: Gaido, Luciano
name: Chiavarini, Beatrice
name: Pisa, Claudio
name: Galeazzi, Fulvio
name: Verlato, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: EOSC
Open Science
EOSC Portal

description: This deliverable describes the activities performed within EOSC-Pillar task T7.1 to collect information about needs for support to integrate services, either from the project use cases and services (WP6, T7.4) or from other actors, i.e. the partners involved in the project as well as the national or thematic infrastructures in the EOSC-Pillar countries. The collection of this information has been conducted in various ways: through a direct interaction with WP6, through the WP3 survey on national initiatives and through a set of interviews with representatives of national infrastructures in participating countries (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy). This document reports all these findings, in terms of need for support to integrate services or to onboard them into the EOSC Catalogue but it also contains the guidelines and procedures released in milestones MS31 (Integration and Federation Guidelines) and MS32 (Procedures to Include National Services in EOSC). In addition, this document describes the steps national or thematic catalogue operators should follow to make it interoperable with the EOSC one.
Multi-ring images of thin accretion disk of a regular naked compact object
Creators: name: Guerrero, Merce
name: Olmo, Gonzalo J.
name: Rubiera-Garcia, Diego
name: Gómez, Diego Sáez-Chillón
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the importance of multi-ring images in the optical appearance of a horizonless spherically symmetric compact object, when illuminated by an optically thin accretion disk. Such an object corresponds to a sub-case of an analytically tractable extension of the Kerr solution dubbed as the {\it eye of the storm} by Simpson and Visser in [JCAP \textbf{03} (2022) 011], which merits in removing curvature singularities via an asymptotically Minkowski core, while harbouring both a critical curve and an infinite potential barrier at the center for null geodesics. This multi-ring structure is induced by light rays winding several times around the object, and whose luminosity is significantly boosted as compared to the Schwarzschild solution by the modified shape of the potential. Using three toy-profiles for the emission of an infinitely thin disk, truncated at its inner edge (taking its maximum value there) and having different decays with the distance, we discuss the image created by up to eight rings superimposed on top of the direct emission of the disk as its edge is moved closer to the center of the object. Our results point out to the existence of multi-ring images with a non-negligible luminosity in shadow observations when one allows for the existence of other compact objects in the cosmic zoo beyond the Schwarzschild solution. Such multi-ring images could be detectable within the future projects on very-long baseline interferometry.
description: 12 pages, many figures; v2: corrections and additions in many places, version accepted for publication in PRD
Estimating numerical errors due to operator splitting in global atmospheric chemistry models: Transport and chemistry
Creators: name: Santillana, Mauricio
name: Zhang, Ling
name: Yantosca, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present upper bounds for the numerical errors introduced when using operator splitting methods to integrate transport and non-linear chemistry processes in global chemical transport models (CTM). We show that (a) operator splitting strategies that evaluate the stiff non-linear chemistry operator at the end of the time step are more accurate, and (b) the results of numerical simulations that use different operator splitting strategies differ by at most 10 percent, in a prototype one-dimensional non-linear chemistry-transport model. We find similar upper bounds in operator splitting numerical errors in global CTM simulations.
Supplementary Results from Experimental evidence that intruder and group member attributes affect outgroup defence and associated within-group interactions in a social fish
Creators: name: Goncalves, Ines Braga
name: Radford, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Final statistical models and removed terms, and supplemental figure.
The Effect of Isomeric Isoprene Epoxydiol Structures on the Sulfur Mass Balance in Fine Particulate Matter
Creators: name: Rose, Caitlin Anne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is critical to climate, air quality, and human health. Recently, acid-driven multiphase chemistry of isoprene-derived epoxydiols (IEPOX) has been demonstrated to substantially yield PM2.5 through organosulfate (OS) formation; however, its role on the modification and fate of inorganic sulfate aerosol remains uncertain. This study assessed the effect of isomeric IEPOX structures (trans-β-IEPOX versus δ-IEPOX) on sulfate aerosol reactivity and product distribution at varying IEPOX-to-sulfate (IEPOX:SO42-) ratios. Under all ratios examined, trans-β-IEPOX converted more sulfate into organic forms, and higher sulfate mass closures than -IEPOX were obtained. At higher IEPOX:SO42- ratios, δ-IEPOX-derived OS monomers overtook the total OS mass, possibly due to OS hydrolysis to inorganic sulfate during sample storage. Future work should examine the roles of sample storage, aerosol viscosity, phase state and acidity on these reported effects. Moreover, alternative analytical methods and authentic oligomeric OS standards are urgently needed to quantify missing OS mass.
Quantum-brachistochrone approach to the conversion from $W$ to Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states for Rydberg-atom qubits
Creators: name: Nauth, Julian K.
name: Stojanovic, Vladimir M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the quantum-brachistochrone formalism, we address the problem of finding the fastest possible (time-optimal) deterministic conversion between $W$ and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states in a system of three identical and equidistant neutral atoms that are acted upon by four external laser pulses. Assuming that all four pulses are close to being resonant with the same internal (atomic) transition -- the one between the atomic ground state and a high-lying Rydberg state -- each atom can be treated as an effective two-level system ($gr$-type qubit). Starting from an effective system Hamiltonian, which is valid in the Rydberg-blockade regime and defined on a four-state manifold, we derive the quantum-brachistochrone equations pertaining to the fastest possible $W$-to-GHZ state conversion. By numerically solving these equations, we determine the time-dependent Rabi frequencies of external laser pulses that correspond to the time-optimal state conversion. In particular, we show that the shortest possible $W$-to-GHZ state-conversion time is given by $T_{\textrm{QB}}= 6.8\:\hbar/E$, where $E$ is the total laser-pulse energy used, this last time being significantly shorter than the state-conversion times previously found using a dynamical-symmetry-based approach [$T_{\textrm{DS}}=(1.33-1.66)\:T_{\textrm{QB}}$].
description: final, published version
Supplementary text from Recalibration of the insect evolutionary time scale using Monte San Giorgio fossils suggests survival of key lineages through the End-Permian Extinction.
Creators: name: Montagna, Matteo
name: K. Jun Tong
name: Magoga, Giulia
name: Strada, Laura
name: Tintori, Andrea
name: Ho, Simon Y. W.
name: Lo, Nathan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Insects are a highly diverse group of organisms and constitute more than half of all known animal species. They have evolved an extraordinary range of traits, from flight and complete metamorphosis to complex polyphenisms and advanced eusociality. Although the rich insect fossil record has helped to chart the appearance of many phenotypic innovations, data are scarce for a number of key periods. One such period is that following the End-Permian Extinction, recognized as the most catastrophic of all extinction events. We recently discovered several 240-million-year-old insect fossils in the Mount San Giorgio Lagerstätte (Switzerland–Italy) that are remarkable for their state of preservation (including internal organs and soft tissues), and because they extend the records of their respective taxa by up to 200 million years. By using these fossils as calibrations in a phylogenomic dating analysis, we present a revised timescale for insect evolution. Our date estimates for several major lineages, including the hyperdiverse crown groups of Lepidoptera, Hemiptera Heteroptera and Diptera, are substantially older than their currently accepted post-Permian origins. We found that major evolutionary innovations, including flight and metamorphosis, appeared considerably earlier than previously thought. These results have numerous implications for understanding the evolution of insects and their resilience in the face of extreme events such as the End-Permian Extinction.
(830) Martha Bell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Nature of Long-Range Order in Stripe-Forming Systems with Long-Range Repulsive Interactions
Creators: name: Mendoza-Coto, Alejandro
name: Stariolo, Daniel A.
name: Nicolao, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two dimensional stripe forming systems with competing repulsive interactions decaying as $r^{-α}$. We derive an effective Hamiltonian with a short range part and a generalized dipolar interaction which depends on the exponent $α$. An approximate map of this model to a known XY model with dipolar interactions allows us to conclude that, for $α<2$ long range orientational order of stripes can exist in two dimensions, and establish the universality class of the models. When $α\geq 2$ no long-range order is possible, but a phase transition in the KT universality class is still present. These two different critical scenarios should be observed in experimentally relevant two dimensional systems like electronic liquids ($α=1$) and dipolar magnetic films ($α=3$). Results from Langevin simulations of Coulomb and dipolar systems give support to the theoretical results.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Supplemental Material included
Postquantum steering
Creators: name: Sainz, Ana Belen
name: Brunner, Nicolas
name: Cavalcanti, Daniel
name: Skrzypczyk, Paul
name: Vértesi, Tamás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of postquantum nonlocality, i.e., the existence of nonlocal correlations that are stronger than any quantum correlations but nevertheless consistent with the no-signaling principle, has deepened our understanding of the foundations of quantum theory. In this work, we investigate whether the phenomenon of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering, a different form of quantum nonlocality, can also be generalized beyond quantum theory. While postquantum steering does not exist in the bipartite case, we prove its existence in the case of three observers. Importantly, we show that postquantum steering is a genuinely new phenomenon, fundamentally different from postquantum nonlocality. Our results provide new insight into the nonlocal correlations of multipartite quantum systems.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Faddeev fixed-center approximation to the $D\bar{D}K$ system and the hidden charm $K_{c\bar{c}}(4180)$ state
Creators: name: Wei, Xiang
name: Shen, Qing-Hua
name: Xie, Ju-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a theoretical study on the $D\bar{D}K$ three body system, using the fixed center approximation to the Faddeev equations, considering the interaction between $D$ and $K$, $D$ and $\bar{D}$ from the chiral unitary approach. We assume the scattering of $K$ meson on a clusterized system $D\bar{D}$, where a scalar meson $X(3720)$ could be formed. Thanks to the strong $DK$ interaction, where the scalar $D^*_{s0}(2317)$ meson is dynamically generated, a resonance structure shows up in the modulus squared of the three body $K$-$(D\bar{D})_{X(3720)}$ scattering amplitude and supports that a $D\bar{D}K$ bound state can be formed. The result is in agreement with previous theoretical studies, which claim a new excited hidden charm $K$ meson, $K_{c\bar{c}}(4180)$ with quantum numbers $I(J^P) = \frac{1}{2}(0^-)$ and mass about $4180$ MeV. It is expected that these theoretical results motivate its search in experimental measurements.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Typos fixed, more discussions added
Application of the MST clustering to the high energy gamma-ray sky. I - New possible detection of high-energy gamma-ray emission associated with BL Lac objects
Creators: name: Campana, R.
name: Massaro, E.
name: Bernieri, E.
name: D'Amato, Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we show an application of the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) clustering method to the high-energy gamma-ray sky observed at energies higher than 10 GeV in 6.3 years by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope. We report the detection of 19 new high-energy gamma-ray clusters with good selection parameters whose centroid coordinates were found matching the positions of known BL Lac objects in the 5th Edition of the Roma-BZCAT catalogue. A brief summary of the properties of these sources is presented.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Science
Nonparametric Detection of Nonlinearly Mixed Pixels and Endmember Estimation in Hyperspectral Images
Creators: name: Imbiriba, Tales
name: Bermudez, José Carlos Moreira
name: Richard, Cédric
name: Tourneret, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mixing phenomena in hyperspectral images depend on a variety of factors such as the resolution of observation devices, the properties of materials, and how these materials interact with incident light in the scene. Different parametric and nonparametric models have been considered to address hyperspectral unmixing problems. The simplest one is the linear mixing model. Nevertheless, it has been recognized that mixing phenomena can also be nonlinear. The corresponding nonlinear analysis techniques are necessarily more challenging and complex than those employed for linear unmixing. Within this context, it makes sense to detect the nonlinearly mixed pixels in an image prior to its analysis, and then employ the simplest possible unmixing technique to analyze each pixel. In this paper, we propose a technique for detecting nonlinearly mixed pixels. The detection approach is based on the comparison of the reconstruction errors using both a Gaussian process regression model and a linear regression model. The two errors are combined into a detection statistics for which a probability density function can be reasonably approximated. We also propose an iterative endmember extraction algorithm to be employed in combination with the detection algorithm. The proposed Detect-then-Unmix strategy, which consists of extracting endmembers, detecting nonlinearly mixed pixels and unmixing, is tested with synthetic and real images.
Supplementary Figures S1-S3 from Recalibration of insect evolutionary timescale using Mount San Giorgio fossils suggests survival of key lineages through the end-Permian Extinction
Creators: name: Montagna, Matteo
name: K. Jun Tong
name: Magoga, Giulia
name: Strada, Laura
name: Tintori, Andrea
name: Ho, Simon Y. W.
name: Lo, Nathan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Insects are a highly diverse group of organisms and constitute more than half of all known animal species. They have evolved an extraordinary range of traits, from flight and complete metamorphosis to complex polyphenisms and advanced eusociality. Although the rich insect fossil record has helped to chart the appearance of many phenotypic innovations, data are scarce for a number of key periods. One such period is that following the End-Permian Extinction, recognized as the most catastrophic of all extinction events. We recently discovered several 240-million-year-old insect fossils in the Mount San Giorgio Lagerstätte (Switzerland–Italy) that are remarkable for their state of preservation (including internal organs and soft tissues), and because they extend the records of their respective taxa by up to 200 million years. By using these fossils as calibrations in a phylogenomic dating analysis, we present a revised timescale for insect evolution. Our date estimates for several major lineages, including the hyperdiverse crown groups of Lepidoptera, Hemiptera Heteroptera and Diptera, are substantially older than their currently accepted post-Permian origins. We found that major evolutionary innovations, including flight and metamorphosis, appeared considerably earlier than previously thought. These results have numerous implications for understanding the evolution of insects and their resilience in the face of extreme events such as the End-Permian Extinction.