Actinopus apalai, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Miglio, Laura Tavares
name: Pérez-Miles, Fernando
name: Bonaldo, Alexandre B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Actinopodidae
Actinopus
Actinopus apalai

description: Actinopus apalai sp. nov.
Figs 13–15, Map 2
Type material. Holotype male from 00° 49’ 58.65601” S 52° 39’ 29.69148” W, Jari, Almeirim, Pará, Brazil, 28.ii.2005, T. Gardner & M. A. Ribeiro Junior leg. (MPEG 2276). Paratypes: BRAZIL. Pará: Almeirim, Jari, 0° 42’ 42,64747” S 52° 40’ 0,86094” W, Área 56, 1♂, 01.ii.2005 (MPEG 2249); 11.ii.2005 (MPEG 2250); 11.ii.2005 (MPEG 13820, 13821); 1° 11’ 28,30705” S 52° 38’ 51,85530” W, Bituba, 1♂, 07.iii.2005 (MPEG 2247, 2248); 4° 49’ 58,65601” S 52° 39’ 29,69148” W, Área 14, 1♂, 07.iii.2005 (MPEG 2262, 2263, 13816, 13818, 13819); 28.ii.2005 (MPEG 13814), all collected by T. Gardner.
Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition in honor of the indigenous ethnic group, Apalai, who have remnants on the eastern side of Tumucumaque Mountains National Park, Almeirim, Pará, Brazil.
Diagnosis. Males of A. apalai are characterized by PA continuous to PI (Fig. 15 A–B); pronounced PA and BTA inconspicuous (Fig. 15 A–C); without serrated area, represented by the two cusps distal to PI (Fig. 15 A, C). They differ from those of A. mairinquensis (Fig. 18 A–C) by BTA in the middle of the width of tegulum; PA more developed; serrated area reduced (Fig. 15 A, C) and dorsal abdominal scutum divided in two parts, the basal larger and more rebordered than distal scutum (Fig. 13 A). They differ from those of A. smuzikae by PA more pronounced and PS shorter (Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018, fig. 34 D–F).
MALE (holotype): Total length 14.55; Carapace, long 7.22; wide 6.66. Carapace anterior part slightly tapered. Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior row recurved (Fig. 13 B). Few short bristles between posterior eyes, and between lateral eyes-edge of carapace; short bristles forming a row on edge of chilum. Sternum with eight sigilla fused medially, two distal sigilla more fused to each other than others (Fig. 13 C). Rastellum protuberant, inverted V-shaped, hirsute, with 1–3 spines in prolateral part (Fig. 13 E–F). Chelicerae with denticles along prolateral row of teeth. Prolateral row decreasing in distal-proximal way. Teeth in retrolateral row subequal (Fig. 13 D). Patella and tibia III with distal crown of welldeveloped thorns, not interrupted in middle (Fig. 14 A–B). Patellae III and IV with spines on prolaterodorsal face (Fig. 14A, C). Patella IV with prolaterodorsal short spines along extension of article (Fig. 14 D). Ventral pseudoscopulae occupying 75% of tarsi I and 100% of II, III and IV. Pseudoscopula compact only in 10% of distal part of tarsi I, 25% of II, and 100% of tarsi III and IV. Carapace and chelicerae reddish brown; sternum yellowish-brown; legs reddish-brown; tibia of palp and cymbium yellowishbrown; abdomen pale gray, with two dorsal scuta with points of insections of bristles more sclerotized than in rest of abdomen (Fig. 13 A). Anterior scutum bigger and more rebordered than posterior. Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.27, PLE 0.38, ALE 0.4, AME 0.5; MOQ: Length 1.2, front width 1.38, back width 2.2; Interdistances: PME– PME 1.7, PLE–PME 0.11, AME–AME 0.16, ALE–AME 0.66, ALE–PLE 0.5, AME–PME 1.2. Ocular area: OAL 4.5, OAW 3.7, and IF 2.2. Body: Clypeus: 0.14; Fovea: 2.4; Labium: long 1.55; wide 1.22; Chelicerae: long 3.55; wide 2; Sternum: long 4.7; wide 3.44. Abdomen: long 7.77; wide 4.88. Leg measurements: I: Fe 6/ Pa 3/ Ti 4.8/ Me 5.7/ Ta 3.3/ total 23. II: 5.6/ 2.1/ 3.5/ 4.3/ 2.5/ 18.2. III: 4.4/ 2.3/ 2.6/ 4.6/ 2.6/ 16.7. IV: 6.4/ 2.6/ 4.8/ 5.7/ 3.8/ 23.6. Spination: I—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v0-0-4, d0, p0, r0-0-1; Me v4-9-4, d0, p1-3-2, r2-4-3; ta v0-3-4, d0, p1-4-4, r1-5-7. II—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v0-0-5, d0, p0, r0-3-2; Me v4-7-6, d0, p1-2-3, r2-3-4; ta v4-7-5, d0, p2-4-5, r2-4-4. III—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d2-4-16, p2-4-7, r0-0-3; ti v0-1-2, d1-1-14, p0-2-2, r0-1-4; Me v3-3-6, d0, p2-2-4, r2-4-5; ta v0, d0, p3-8-6, r2-8-4; IV—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0-0-1, p12-13-5, r0; ti v1-2-5, d0, p2-1-2, r0; Me v2-6- 6, d0-0-1, p0-0-1, r0-1-2; ta v0, d0, p2-9-8, r2-5-7. Palp: BTA developed, prolateral, with two keels (PS and PI) demarcated in prolateral and dorsal faces. PS demarcated on retrolateral face. PS and PI evident. Robust tegulum, long PA, continuous to PI (Fig. 15 A–C).
VARIATION
MALES (n=10): Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.22–0.44, PLE 0.22–0.5, ALE 0.44–0.55, AME 0.44–0.55; MOQ: Length 1.2–1.5, front width 1.2–1.4, front width 1.2–2.5; Interdistances: PME–PME 1.7 – 2, PLE–PME 0.11, AME–AME 0.16–0.27, ALE–AME 0.44–0.77,ALE–PLE 0.44–0.77, AME–PME 1.1 – 1.56. Ocular area: OAL 1.2– 1.4, OAW 1.2–2.5, and IF 1.2–1.5. Body: Total length: 10.9–18.5; Carapace: Length 5.5–10.4; wide 5–7.2; Clypeus: 0–0.1; Fovea: 1.6–3.1; Labium: Length 1.3–1.7; wide 1.2–2.3; Chelicerae: Length 3–5.2; wide 1.7–3.2; Sternum: Length 4.4–5.3; wide 2.5–4.2. Abdomen: Length 5.1–7.1; wide 3.6–5.1. Legs: I: Fe 5.3–6.8/ Pa 2– 3.1/ Ti 3.6–5.4/ Me 3.8–6.4/ Ta 2.1–3.4/ total 16.8–25.1. II: 5–6.8/ 2–3/ 3.7–5.3/ 4–6/ 2.3–3.4/ 13–24.5. III: 3.9– 5.8/ 2.2–3/ 2.5–3.8/ 4–5.7/ 2.4–3.4/ 15–21.7. IV: 5.7–8.2/ 2.2–3.2/ 4.2–6.6/ 4.1–6.4/ 2.6–3.8/ 18.8–28.2.
Distribution. BRAZIL. Pará: Almeirim (Map 2).
Material examined: BRAZIL. Pará: Almeirim, Jari, 0° 36’ 14,72106” S 52° 39’ 9,44026” W, Área 86, 1♂, 03.iv.2005 (MPEG 2256, 2257); 0° 42’ 42,64747” S 52° 40’ 0,86094” W, Área 56, 1♂, 01.ii.2005 (MPEG 2249); 11.ii.2005 (MPEG 2252, 2254); 2♂, 11.ii.2005 (MPEG 2255); 3♂, 11.ii.2005 (MPEG 2251); 5♂, 11.ii.2005 (MPEG 2253); 1° 1’ 32,45885” S 52° 54’ 17,27678” W, Quaruba, 1♂, 03.iv.2005 (MPEG 2246); 4° 49’ 58,65601” S 52° 39’ 29,69148” W, Área 14, 1♂, 07.iii.2005 (MPEG 13816, 13817); 4♂, 28.ii.2005 (MPEG 2275); 5♂, 07.iii.2005 (MPEG 2260, 2265); 6♂, 28.ii.2005 (MPEG 2268); 7♂, 07.iii.2005 (MPEG 2259, 2264); 8♂, 28.ii.2005 (MPEG 2270); 8♂ e 1j, 28.ii.2005 (MPEG 2274); 10♂, 07.iii.2005 (MPEG 2258); 12♂, 28.ii.2005 (MPEG 2273); 12♂ e 1j, 28.ii.2005 (MPEG 2272); 14♂, 28.ii.2005 (MPEG 2269); 07.iii.2005 (MPEG 2261, 2267); 15♂, 28.ii.2005 (MPEG 2271); 17♂, 07.iii.2005 (MPEG 2266); 21♂, 28.ii.2005 (MPEG 13815); 22♂, 28.ii.2005 (MPEG 2277), all collected by T. Gardner.
description: Published as part of Miglio, Laura Tavares, Pérez-Miles, Fernando & Bonaldo, Alexandre B., 2020, Taxonomic Revision of the Spider Genus Actinopus Perty, 1833 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Actinopodidae), pp. 1-256 in Megataxa 2 (1) on pages 19-22, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.2.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5597237