cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A VLT/NACO Study of Star Formation in the Massive Embedded Cluster RCW 38
Creators: name: DeRose, K. L.
name: Bourke, T. L.
name: Gutermuth, R. A.
name: Wolk, S. J.
name: Megeath, S. T.
name: Alves, J.
name: Nuernberger, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present adaptive optics (AO) near-infrared (JHKs) observations of the deeply embedded massive cluster RCW 38 using NACO on the VLT. Narrowband AO observations centered at wavelengths of 1.28, 2.12, and 2.17 micron were also obtained. The area covered by these observations is about 0.5 pc square, centered on the O star RCW 38 IRS2. We use the JHKs colors to identify young stars with infrared excess. Through a detailed comparison to a nearby control field, we find that most of the 337 stars detected in all three infrared bands are cluster members (~317), with essentially no contamination due to background or foreground sources. Five sources have colors suggestive of deeply embedded protostars, while 53 sources are detected at Ks only; their spatial distribution with respect to the extinction suggests they are highly reddened cluster members. Detectable Ks-band excess is found toward 29 +/- 3 % of the stars. For comparison to a similar area of Orion observed in the near-infrared, mass and extinction cuts are applied, and the excess fractions redetermined. The resulting excesses are then 25 +/- 5 % for RCW 38, and 42 +/- 8 % for Orion. RCW 38 IRS2 is shown to be a massive star binary with a projected separation of ~500 AU. Two regions of molecular hydrogen emission are revealed through the 2.12 micron imaging. One shows a morphology suggestive of a protostellar jet, and is clearly associated with a star only detected at H and Ks, previously identified as a highly obscured X-ray source. Three spatially extended cometary-like objects, suggestive of photoevaporating disks, are identified, but only one is clearly directly influenced by RCW 38 IRS2. A King profile provides a reasonable fit to the cluster radial density profile and a nearest neighbor distance analysis shows essentially no sub-clustering.
description: 45 pages (17 figures), and full source table. Full resolution version available at http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~bourke/rcw38/
Software Reconfiguration in Robotics
Creators: name: Peldszus, Sven
name: Brugali, Davide
name: Strüber, Daniel
name: Pelliccione, Patrizio
name: Berger, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robots often need to be reconfigurable$-$to customize, calibrate, or optimize robots operating in varying environments with different hardware). A particular challenge in robotics is the automated and dynamic reconfiguration to load and unload software components, as well as parameterizing them. Over the last decades, a large variety of software reconfiguration techniques has been presented in the literature, many specifically for robotics systems. Also many robotics frameworks support reconfiguration. Unfortunately, there is a lack of empirical data on the actual use of reconfiguration techniques in real robotics projects and on their realization in robotics frameworks. To advance reconfiguration techniques and support their adoption, we need to improve our empirical understanding of them in practice. We present a study of automated reconfiguration at runtime in the robotics domain. We determine the state-of-the art by reviewing 78 relevant publications on reconfiguration. We determine the state-of-practice by analyzing how four major robotics frameworks support reconfiguration, and how reconfiguration is realized in 48 robotics (sub-)systems. We contribute a detailed analysis of the design space of reconfiguration techniques. We identify trends and research gaps. Our results show a significant discrepancy between the state-of-the-art and the state-of-practice. While the scientific community focuses on complex structural reconfiguration, only parameter reconfiguration is widely used in practice. Our results support practitioners to realize reconfiguration in robotics systems, as well as they support researchers and tool builders to create more effective reconfiguration techniques that are adopted in practice.
title: Price Caps in Canadian Bond Borrowing Markets
Creators: name: Berger-Soucy, Léanne
name: Fontaine, Jean-Sébastien
name: Walton, Adrian
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2019

description: Price controls, or caps, can lead to shortages, as 1970’s gasoline price controls illustrate. One million trades show that the market for borrowing bonds in Canada has an implicit price cap: traders are willing to pay no more than the overnight interest rate to borrow a bond. This suggests the probability of a shortage increases when interest rates are very low.
description: Le contrôle, ou plafonnement, des prix peut entraîner des pénuries, comme l’ont montré les mesures de contrôle des prix de l’essence adoptées dans les années 1970. Un échantillon d’un million de transactions montre que le marché des emprunts d’obligations au Canada comporte un prix plafond implicite : les négociants ne sont pas disposés à payer plus que le taux du financement à un jour pour emprunter une obligation. Cela donne à penser que la probabilité de pénurie augmente quand les taux d’intérêt sont très bas.
Search for Dark Matter
Creators: name: Gelmini, Graciela B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for dark matter is a very wide an active field of research, and I necessarily concentrate here only in some aspects of it. I will review the prospects for direct and indirect dark matter searches of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles in the dark halo of our galaxy and focus in particular on the data of GLAST, PAMELA and DAMA.
description: Plenary talk given at ICHEP08, Philadelphia, USA, July 2008,-10 pages, 8 figures, slac_one.rtx needed to typeset the LaTex file-
Is a Quantum Gravity Era Necessary?
Creators: name: Veklych, Bogdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first published framework of the entirety of cosmological history which is thoroughly classical (without any quantum-gravitational era or singularities) and which passes all the known extensive consistency checks on such a model, and discuss some of its possible cosmological implications, such as its ability to account for the matter-antimatter asymmetry, dark flow, and the Hubble tension, albeit at the cost of further assumptions.
description: (For the moderator: corrected two typos in section 4, "direction"->"dimension" and "neutrino"->"antineutrino")
Data Stream Stabilization for Optical Coherence Tomography Volumetric Scanning
Creators: name: Liao, Guiqiu
name: Caravaca-Mora, Oscar
name: Rosa, Benoit
name: Zanne, Philippe
name: Asch, Alexandre
name: Alba, Diego Dall
name: Fiorini, Paolo
name: de Mathelin, Michel
name: Nageotte, Florent
name: Gora, Michalina J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an emerging medical imaging modality for luminal organ diagnosis. The non-constant rotation speed of optical components in the OCT catheter tip causes rotational distortion in OCT volumetric scanning. By improving the scanning process, this instability can be partially reduced. To further correct the rotational distortion in the OCT image, a volumetric data stabilization algorithm is proposed. The algorithm first estimates the Non-Uniform Rotational Distortion (NURD) for each B-scan by using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). A correlation map between two successive B-scans is computed and provided as input to the CNN. To solve the problem of accumulative error in iterative frame stream processing, we deploy an overall rotation estimation between reference orientation and actual OCT image orientation. We train the network with synthetic OCT videos by intentionally adding rotational distortion into real OCT images. As part of this article we discuss the proposed method in two different scanning modes: the first is a conventional pullback mode where the optical components move along the protection sheath, and the second is a self-designed scanning mode where the catheter is globally translated by using an external actuator. The efficiency and robustness of the proposed method are evaluated with synthetic scans as well as real scans under two scanning modes.
description: 11pages, 5 figures
Quantum algorithms for testing properties of distributions
Creators: name: Bravyi, Sergey
name: Harrow, Aram W.
name: Hassidim, Avinatan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Suppose one has access to oracles generating samples from two unknown probability distributions P and Q on some N-element set. How many samples does one need to test whether the two distributions are close or far from each other in the L_1-norm ? This and related questions have been extensively studied during the last years in the field of property testing. In the present paper we study quantum algorithms for testing properties of distributions. It is shown that the L_1-distance between P and Q can be estimated with a constant precision using approximately N^{1/2} queries in the quantum settings, whereas classical computers need Ω(N) queries. We also describe quantum algorithms for testing Uniformity and Orthogonality with query complexity O(N^{1/3}). The classical query complexity of these problems is known to be Ω(N^{1/2}).
description: 20 pages
Paschen-alpha Emission in the Gravitationally Lensed Galaxy SMM J163554.2+661225
Creators: name: Papovich, Casey
name: Rudnick, Gregory
name: Rigby, Jane
name: Willmer, Christopher
name: Smith, J. -D.
name: Finkelstein, Steven
name: Egami, Eiichi
name: Rieke, Marcia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of the Paschen-alpha emission line in the z=2.515 galaxy SMM J163554.2+661225 using Spitzer spectroscopy. SMM J163554.2+661225 is a sub-millimeter-selected infrared (IR)-luminous galaxy maintaining a high star-formation rate (SFR), with no evidence of an AGN from optical or infrared spectroscopy, nor X-ray emission. This galaxy is lensed gravitationally by the cluster Abell 2218, making it accessible to Spitzer spectroscopy. Correcting for nebular extinction derived from the H-alpha and Pa-alpha lines, the dust-corrected luminosity is L(Pa-alpha) = (2.57+/-0.43) x 10^43 erg s^-1, which corresponds to an ionization rate, Q = (1.6+/-0.3) x 10^55 photons s^-1. The instantaneous SFR is 171+/-28 solar masses per year, assuming a Salpeter-like initial mass function. The total IR luminosity derived using 70, 450, and 850 micron data is L(IR) = (5-10) x 10^11 solar luminosities, corrected for gravitational lensing. This corresponds to a SFR=90-180 solar masses per year, where the upper range is consistent with that derived from the Paschen-alpha luminosity. While the L(8 micron) / L(Pa-alpha) ratio is consistent with the extrapolated relation observed in local galaxies and star-forming regions, the rest-frame 24 micron luminosity is significantly lower with respect to local galaxies of comparable Paschen-alpha luminosity. Thus, SMM J163554.2+661225 arguably lacks a warmer dust component (T ~ 70 K), which is associated with deeply embedded star formation, and which contrasts with local galaxies with comparable SFRs. Rather, the starburst is consistent with star-forming local galaxies with intrinsic luminosities, L(IR) ~ 10^10 solar luminosities, but "scaled-up" by a factor of 10-100.
description: Published in the Astrophysical Journal. 14 pages in emulateapj format, 9 figures (many in color)
title: Domestic and Multilateral Effects of Capital Controls in Emerging Markets
Creators: name: Pasricha, Gurnain
name: Falagiarda, Matteo
name: Bijsterbosch, Martin
name: Aizenman, Joshua
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2015

description: Using a novel data set on capital control actions in 17 emerging-market economies (EMEs) over the period 2001–11, we provide new evidence on domestic and multilateral (or spillover) effects of capital controls. Our results, based on panel vector autoregressions, suggest that capital control actions had limited impact on the variables of the monetary policy trilemma, as a result of offsetting resident flows and ample investment opportunities in EMEs. These findings highlight the importance of the macroeconomic context and of the increasing role of resident flows in understanding the effectiveness of capital inflow management. Tightening of capital inflow restrictions in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (the BRICS) generated significant spillovers via bank lending and exchange rates, particularly in the post-2008 environment of abundant global liquidity. Spillovers seem to be strongest among the BRICS and in Latin America. These results are robust to various specifications of our models.
description: Au moyen d’un nouvel ensemble de données sur les mesures de contrôle des capitaux adoptées dans 17 économies de marché émergentes au cours de la période 2001-2011, les auteurs apportent un éclairage inédit sur les effets nationaux et multilatéraux (effets de débordement) des contrôles de capitaux. Les résultats obtenus en utilisant un modèle vectoriel autorégressif estimé sur des données de panel tendent à montrer que les mesures de contrôle des capitaux ont eu une incidence limitée sur les variables du triangle d’incompatibilité de Mundell, parce que les mouvements de capitaux des résidents contrebalancent les flux provenant des non-résidents et que les économies émergentes offrent de grandes possibilités d’investissement. Ces résultats font ressortir l’importance du contexte macroéconomique et le rôle de plus en plus évident des flux induits par les résidents dans la compréhension des déterminants de l’efficacité des mesures de gestion des entrées de capitaux. Le resserrement du contrôle des flux entrants par les BRICS (Brésil, Russie, Inde, Chine et Afrique du Sud) a engendré des effets de débordement marqués, par le biais des prêts bancaires et des taux de change, tout particulièrement après 2008 alors que les liquidités abondaient à l’échelle mondiale. Ces effets auraient été plus fortement ressentis dans les BRICS et en Amérique latine. Il est à souligner que les résultats ne sont pas sensibles aux spécifications retenues.
Voluntary associations in a Philippine municipality : Kabacan
Creators: name: Diaz, Manuel Pascual
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The aim of this thesis is to describe, in a preliminary way, the nature of voluntary associations in a peasant community in the Philippines, Kabacan. This objective is discussed in the introductory chapter which also presents a general background on the Philippines. Chapter II discusses some aspects of the fieldwork, the problems the researcher faced in conducting research in his own culture, and a general description of the methodological procedures employed. Chapter III presents a description of the community studied, its recent history, growth, and development and some features of the social and economic life of the population. Chapter IV discusses and analyzes some aspects of the culture and social organization. This analysis is necessary as it sheds light on a broader understanding of the form and character that voluntary associations take and the functions they perform in the community. Chapter V is concerned with an analysis and description of the voluntary associations in the community studied. The analysis here is focused on providing answers to the following questions: Why do people join voluntary associations? What relationships maintain voluntary associations and what undermine them? What types of associations are found in the community? Chapter VI, finally, discusses the functions that voluntary associations serve in a peasant community like Kabacan. This analysis is based on the findings reported and described in Chapter V.
X-ray observations of historical classical nova counterparts with eROSITA telescope aboard SRG orbital observatory during the all-sky survey
Creators: name: Galiullin, I.
name: Gilfanov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray emission from counterparts of historical classical novae (CNe) in our Galaxy is studied. To this end, we use data from three SRG/eROSITA sky surveys in the hemisphere analyzed by the RU eROSITA consortium. Out of 309 historical CNe, X-ray emission has been detected from 52 sources with 0.3-2.3 keV luminosities in the $\rm L_X\approx 10^{30}\sim 10^{34}$ erg/s range. Among them, two sources have supersoft spectra and are associated with the post-nova supersoft X-ray emission. Hardness of X-ray spectra of some of the remaining sources tentatively suggests that magnetized white dwarfs (WDs) may account for some fraction of CN counterparts detected in X-rays. This hypothesis will be further tested in the course of the following SRG/eROSITA sky surveys. The CN counterparts represent a bona fide sample of accreting WDs with unstable hydrogen burning on their surface, while their X-ray luminosity in quiescence is a reasonable proxy for the accretion rate in the binary system. Using this fact, we have constructed the accretion rate distribution of WDs with unstable hydrogen burning and compared it with the accretion rate distribution of known steady supersoft X-ray sources in our Galaxy and nearby external galaxies. There is a pronounced dichotomy between these two distributions with the CN counterparts and the steady supersoft sources occupying different domains along the mass accretion rate axis, in accordance with the predictions of the theory of hydrogen burning on the WD surface.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, Astronomy Letters, 2021
Center--limb variation of solar photospheric microturbulence
Creators: name: Takeda, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microturbulence (ξ) is a key parameter introduced in stellar spectroscopy to explain the strength of saturated lines by formally incorporating an additional thermal broadening term in the line opacity profile. Although our Sun can serve as an important testing bench to check the usual assumption of constant ξ, the detailed behavior of how ξvaries from the disk center through the limb seems to have never been investigated so far. In order to fill this gap, local ξvalues on the solar disk were determined from the equivalent widths of 46 Fe I lines at 32 points from the center to the limb by requiring the consistency between the abundances derived from lines of various strengths. The run of ξwith θ(angle between line of sight and the surface normal) was found to be only gradual from ~1.0km/s (at sinθ= 0: disk center) to ~1.3km/s (at sinθ~ 0.7: two-thirds of radial distance); but thereafter increasing more steeply up to ~2km/s (at sinθ= 0.97: limb). This result further suggests that the microturbulence derived from the flux spectrum of the disk-integrated Sun is by ~20% larger than that of the disk-center value, which is almost consistent with the prediction from 3D hydrodynamical model atmospheres.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables; accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Design, Production, Installation, Commissioning, Energy Management and Project Management of an Energy Park Plant Consisting of Renewable Energy Systems Established at Igdir University
Creators: name: Emin T. E.
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2023

description: This article explains the design, production, installation, commissioning and project management of an energy park plant consisting of renewable energy systems established at Igdır University, Turkey. The mentioned energy park plant is located at the campus section of Vocational School of Higher Education for Technical Sciences. The energy park consists of various renewable energy systems which are photovoltaic solar collector energy system, wind energy system and solar dish type collector – concentrator system.

These types of energy park plants can produce both electrical energy and also heat energy. Moreover, electrical vehicles can be charged with the electrical energy obtained from these types of energy park plants. Both environmental benefits and also economical savings can be obtained by the application of such type energy production models.

The wind turbine installed on Igdır University Energy Park is the first Wind Turbine Plant (WTP) of Igdır city. Therefore, this is a very important feature of this energy park plant.

In addition, this is also scientifically and mathematically very important that the solar dish type collector – concentrator system has an original – unique geometrical model called as DODECAGON which has 12 equal segments. This solar dish collector – concentrator forms a dodecagon geometry, and this solar dish is the first DODECAGON geometry which is produced physically. Therefore, this is a very important geometrical model in the aspect of mathematical perspective. The solar dish collector – concentrator installed at Igdır University Energy Park, is the first physically manufactured DODECAGON shape. The solar dish type collector – concentrator system can focus the solar energy and concentrate the heat since it has a reflective mirror surface. This concentrated heat energy may be used either for producing electricity or for obtaining heat source in order to be able to employ it domestical and/or industrial purposes.

Igdır University Energy Park Project is established in accordance with the Project Management principles. Moreover, Igdır University Energy Park Plant makes a great contribution for the TS EN ISO 50001 Energy Management System and also for the Energy Efficiency studies of Igdır University. The Energy Park is an inseparable part of Energy Management System.
Gauge-fixed Lattice QCD and the dispersion relation of Wilson fermions
Creators: name: Burgio, G.
name: Vogt, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, when investigating Wilson-fermions correlation functions on the lattice, one is bound to encounter major difficulties in defining their dispersion relation, even at tree level. The problem is indeed quite general and, although we stumbled upon it while studying Coulomb-gauge applications, it also affects gauge fixed studies in covariant gauges, including their most popular version, Landau gauge. In this paper we will discuss a solution to this problems based on a redefinition of the kinematic momentum of the fermion.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. Contribution to "Virtual Tribute to Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum" (vConf21), Stavanger, Norway, August 2nd - 6th, 2021
Oscillation and Future Detection of Failed Supernova Neutrinos from Black Hole Forming Collapse
Creators: name: Nakazato, Ken'ichiro
name: Sumiyoshi, Kohsuke
name: Suzuki, Hideyuki
name: Yamada, Shoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, stellar collapse involving black hole formation from massive stars is suggested to emit enormous fluxes of neutrinos on par with ordinary core-collapse supernovae. We investigate their detectability for the currently operating neutrino detector, SuperKamiokande. Neutrino oscillation is also taken into account for the evaluation. We find that the event number is larger than or comparable to that of supernova neutrinos and, hence, black hole formation is also a candidate for neutrino astronomy. Moreover, we find that the event number depends dominantly on the equation of state used in the computations of the black hole formation. This fact implies that the detection of neutrinos emitted from the black hole progenitors is very valuable to probe the properties of the equation of state for hot and/or dense matter.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
A test of first order scaling in Nf =2 QCD: a progress report
Creators: name: Bonati, C.
name: Cossu, G.
name: D'Elia, M.
name: Di Giacomo, A.
name: Pica, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the status of our analysis on the order of the finite temperature transition in QCD with two flavors of degenerate fermions. Our new simulations on large lattices support the hypothesis of the first order nature of the transition, showing a preliminary two state signal. We will discuss the implications and the next steps in our analysis.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Talk presented at The XXVI International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 14 - 19, 2008 - Williamsburg, Virginia, USA
Semi-parametric Bernstein-von Mises in Linear Inverse Problems
Creators: name: Magra, Adel
name: van der Vaart, Aad
name: van Zanten, Harry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F15, 62E20

description: We consider a Bayesian approach for the recovery of scalar parameters arising in inverse problems. We consider a general signal-in white noise model where we have access to two independent noisy observations of a function, and of a linear transformation of the function. The linear operator is unknown up to a scalar parameter. We present a Bernstein-von Mises theorem for the marginal posterior of the scalar under regularity assumptions of the operator. We further derive Bernstein-von Mises results for different priors and apply them to two concrete examples: the recovery of the thermal diffusivity in a heat equation problem, and the recovery of a location parameter in a semi-blind deconvolution problem.
Explaining Solar Neutrinos with Heavy Higgs Masses in Partial Split Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Diaz, Marco Aurelio
name: Garay, Francisca
name: Koch, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Partial Split Supersymmetry with violation of R-parity as a model for neutrino masses is explored. It is shown that at the one-loop level the model can give predictions that are in agreement with all present experimental values for the neutrino sector. An analytical result is that the small solar neutrino mass difference can be naturally explained in the decoupling limit for the heavy Higgs mass eigenstates.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Economic Strategies of an Orang Asli Village in Endau-Rompin National Park, Malaysia
Creators: name: Vidal, Aude
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Social Anthropology
Indigenous People
Orang Asli
Malaysia
Ecotourism
Nature Conservation
Rural Economy

description: In a Jakun village of northern Johor, almost everyone dreams of tourism, whether it is imaginable or not to access the jobs it offers. Villagers judge by this measure every other opportunity within their reach. The following pages are based on a six-week ethnographic survey made in March-April 2019. After a presentation of the overall situation of the Orang Asli in Malaysia, the village is described in its natural environment and social organization. The sources of income of the inhabitants are described, separating subsistence activities and commercial activities from the primary sector (collection of forest products and agriculture), self-employment and wage earning without tourism and then within tourism, to better measure the particularities of this sector and its links with environmental protection. A final chapter is devoted to some of the effects of the development of the market economy, in particular the increased income inequalities between women and men and between households, as well as the decline in the "moral order" in which the Jakun economy has long been situated. What are the motivations of the villagers, the constraints on them and the activities that they must accept for lack of better ones, their aspirations if they were allowed to dream? What do they live on and would like to live on?
Photometric mass and mass decomposition in early-type lens galaxies
Creators: name: Grillo, C.
name: Gobat, R.
name: Lombardi, M.
name: Rosati, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the SDSS multicolor photometry and lens modeling, we study stellar mass properties and the luminous and dark matter composition of the 57 early-type lens galaxies analyzed by the SLACS Survey. We fit the lens SEDs composed of ugriz magnitudes with a three-parameter grid of different composite stellar population models, computed by adopting solar metallicity and various IMFs, and we employ the best-fit values of the total projected mass enclosed within the Einstein ring of each system. We measure size-stellar mass and surface stellar mass density-stellar mass relations consistent with those determined for non-lens galaxies. We find statistically significant evidence that more massive lens galaxies tend to form in regions of higher galaxy density, as for all early-type galaxies. We measure for the corresponding stellar quantities the same scaling law between effective mass-to-light ratio and mass, that is used to explain the "tilt" of the FP, and the same evolution of the effective mass-to-light ratio with redshift, that can be derived from the FP. We conclude that the lens total mass is linearly proportional to the luminous mass, at a more than 99% CL. In addition, by assuming that the lens galaxies are homologous systems, we study their distribution of dark matter and estimate a value on the order of 30% for the dark over total projected mass fraction contained within the average Einstein radius of approximately 4 kpc. These results suggest that early-type lens galaxies are an unbiased subsample representative of the whole sample of early-type galaxies. This allows us to generalize our findings on dark matter in lens galaxies to the population of massive early-type galaxies. We note that, for the assumed metallicity, a Salpeter IMF describes well the lens sample.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Interval extropy and weighted interval extropy
Creators: name: Buono, Francesco
name: Kamari, Osman
name: Longobardi, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recently, Extropy was introduced by Lad, Sanfilippo and Agrò as a complement dual of Shannon Entropy. In this paper, we propose dynamic versions of Extropy for doubly truncated random variables as measures of uncertainty called Interval Extropy and Weighted Interval Extropy. Some characterizations of random variables related to these new measures are given. Several examples are shown. These measures are evaluated under the effect of linear transformations and, finally, some bounds for them are presented.
GA-NIFS: High number of dual active galactic nuclei at z~3
Creators: name: Perna, Michele
name: Arribas, Santiago
name: Lamperti, Isabella
name: Circosta, Chiara
name: Bertola, Elena
name: Pérez-González, Pablo G.
name: D'Eugenio, Francesco
name: Übler, Hannah
name: Cresci, Giovanni
name: Volonteri, Marta
name: Mannucci, Filippo
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Del Pino, Bruno Rodríguez
name: Bunker, Andrew J.
name: Charlot, Stéphane
name: Willott, Chris J.
name: Carniani, Stefano
name: Böker, Torsten
name: Curti, Mirko
name: Jones, Gareth
name: Kumari, Nimisha
name: Marshall, Madeline A.
name: Saxena, Aayush
name: Scholtz, Jan
name: Venturi, Giacomo
name: Witstok, Joris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Merger events can trigger gas accretion onto supermassive black holes (SMBHs) located at the centre of galaxies, and form close pairs of AGN. The fraction of AGN in pairs offers critical insights into the dynamics of galaxy interactions, SMBH growth, and their co-evolution with host galaxies. However, the identification of dual AGN is difficult, as it requires high-quality spatial and spectral data; hence, only very few pairs have been found in the distant Universe so far. This study aims to provide a first observational estimate of the fraction of dual AGN at 2
description: 25 pages, 16 figures, A&A in press
Self-Propelled Detachment upon Coalescence of Surface Bubbles
Creators: name: Lv, Pengyu
name: Peñas, Pablo
name: The, Hai Le
name: Eijkel, Jan
name: Berg, Albert van den
name: Zhang, Xuehua
name: Lohse, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The removal of microbubbles from substrates is crucial for the efficiency of many catalytic and electrochemical gas evolution reactions in liquids. The current work investigates the coalescence and detachment of bubbles generated from catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Self-propelled detachment, induced by the coalescence of two bubbles, is observed at sizes much smaller than those determined by buoyancy. Upon coalescence, the released surface energy is partly dissipated by the bubble oscillations, working against viscous drag. The remaining energy is converted to the kinetic energy of the out-of-plane jumping motion of the merged bubble. The critical ratio of the parent bubble sizes for the jumping to occur is theoretically derived from an energy balance argument and found to be in agreement with the experimental results. The present results provide both physical insight for the bubble interactions and practical strategies for applications in chemical engineering and renewable energy technologies like electrolysis.
Monte Carlo Test of the Classical Theory for Heterogeneous Nucleation Barriers
Creators: name: Winter, David
name: Virnau, Peter
name: Binder, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flat walls facilitate the condensation of a supersaturated vapor: Classical theory of heterogeneous nucleation predicts that the free energy barrier $ΔF_{\rm het}^*$ which needs to be overcome for the formation of sphere-cap shaped nucleation seeds is smaller than the barrier $ΔF^*_{\rm hom}$ for spherical droplets in the bulk by a factor $0
description: 4 pages
Exciting Magnetic Dipole Mode of Split Ring Plasmonic Nano Resonator by Photonic Crystal Nanocavity
Creators: name: Ji, Yingke
name: Wang, Binbin
name: Fang, Liang
name: Zhao, Qiang
name: Xiao, Fajun
name: Gan, Xuetao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On chip exciting electric modes in individual plasmonic nanostructures are realized widely; nevertheless, the excitation of their magnetic counterparts is seldom reported. Here, we propose a highly efficient on chip excitation approach of the magnetic dipole mode of an individual split ring resonator (SRR) by integrating it onto a photonic crystal nanocavity (PCNC). A high excitation efficiency of up to 58% is realized through the resonant coupling between the modes of the SRR and PCNC. A further fine adjustment of the excited magnetic dipole mode is demonstrated by tuning the relative position and twist angle between the SRR and PCNC. Finally, a structure with a photonic crystal waveguide side coupled with the hybrid SRR PCNC is illustrated, which could excite the magnetic dipole mode with an in plane coupling geometry and potentially facilitate the future device application. Our result may open a way for developing chip integrated photonic devices employing a magnetic field component in the optical field.
An existence proof for the gravitating BPS monopole
Creators: name: Oliynyk, Todd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove the existence of the gravitating BPS monopole in Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs (EYMH) theory. Existence is established using a Newtonian perturbation argument which shows that a Yang-Mills-Higgs BPS monopole solution can be be continued analytically in powers of $1/c^{2}$ to an EYMH solution.
description: May differ slightly from the published version
Delocalization of light in photonic lattices with unbounded potentials
Creators: name: Longhi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In classical mechanics, a particle cannot escape from an unbounded potential well. Naively, one would expect a similar result to hold in wave mechanics, since high barriers make tunneling difficult. However, this is not always the case and it is known that wave delocalization can arise in certain models with incommensurate unbounded potentials sustaining critical states, i.e. states neither fully extended nor fully localized. Here we introduce a different and broader class of unbounded potentials, which are not quasi-periodic and do not require any specially-tailored shape, where wave delocalization is observed. The results are illustrated by considering light dynamics in synthetic photonic lattices, which should provide a feasible platform for the experimental observation of wave delocalization in unbounded potentials.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
On the role of the post-starburst phase in the build-up of the red-sequence of intermediate redshift clusters
Creators: name: De Lucia, Gabriella
name: Poggianti, Bianca M.
name: Halliday, Claire
name: Milvang-Jensen, Bo
name: Noll, Stefan
name: Smail, Ian
name: Zaritsky, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new deep spectroscopic observations of 0.05--0.5 L_* galaxies in one cluster (cl1232.5-1250) drawn from the ESO Distant Cluster Survey (EDisCS) sample, at z = 0.54. The new data extend the spectroscopy already available for this cluster by about 1 magnitude. The cluster has a large fraction of passive galaxies and exhibits a well defined and relatively tight colour-magnitude relation. Among spectroscopic members, only six galaxies are classified as `post-starburst' (k+a). For another EDisCS cluster at similar redshift and with as deep spectroscopy, no member is found to have a k+a spectrum. The low measured numbers of post-starburst systems appear to be inadequate to explain the observed increase of faint red galaxies at lower redshift, even when accounting for the infall of new galaxies onto the cluster. Post-starburst galaxies represent a possible channel to move galaxies from the blue star-forming cloud to the red-sequence, but the available data suggest this is not the dominant channel in galaxy clusters. If the galaxies at the faint end of the red-sequence in nearby clusters originate from the blue galaxies observed in distant galaxy clusters, the transformation must have occurred primarily through physical processes that do not lead to a post-starburst phase. In addition, our data exclude a large population of k+a galaxies at faint magnitudes, as found in the Coma cluster.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Atmospheric parameters and rotational velocities for a sample of Galactic B-type supergiants
Creators: name: Fraser, M.
name: Dufton, P. L.
name: Hunter, I.
name: Ryans, R. S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High resolution optical spectra of 57 Galactic B-type supergiant stars have been analyzed to determine their rotational and macroturbulent velocities. In addition, their atmospheric parameters (effective temperature, surface gravity and microturbulent velocity) and surface nitrogen abundances have been estimated using a non-LTE grid of model atmospheres. Comparisons of the projected rotational velocities have been made with the predictions of stellar evolutionary models and in general good agreement was found. However for a small number of targets, their observed rotational velocities were significantly larger than predicted, although their nitrogen abundances were consistent with the rest of the sample. We conclude that binarity may have played a role in generating their large rotational velocities. No correlation was found between nitrogen abundances and the current projected rotational velocities. However a correlation was found with the inferred projected rotational velocities of the main sequence precursors of our supergiant sample. This correlation is again in agreement with the predictions of single star evolutionary models that incorporate rotational mixing. The origin of the macroturbulent and microturbulent velocity fields is discussed and our results support previous theoretical studies that link the former to sub-photospheric convection and the latter to non-radial gravity mode oscillations. In addition, we have attempted to identify differential rotation in our most rapidly rotating targets.
description: Submitted to MNRAS, 16 pages
Optical and UV properties of a radio-loud and a radio-quiet Population A quasar at high redshift
Creators: name: Deconto-Machado, Alice
name: del Olmo, Ascensión
name: Marziani, Paola
name: Perea, Jaime
name: Stirpe, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different properties of quasars may be observed and analysed through the many ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum. Pioneering studies showed that an "H-R diagram" for quasars was needed to organize these data, and that more than two dimensions were necessary: a four dimensional Eigenvector (4DE1) parameter space was proposed. The 4DE1 makes use of independent observational properties obtained from the optical and UV emission lines, as well as from the soft-X rays. The 4DE1 "optical plane", also known as the quasar Main Sequence (MS), identifies different spectral types in order to describe a consistent picture of QSOs. In this work we present a spectroscopic analysis focused on the comparison between two sources, one radio-loud (PKS2000-330, z = 3.7899) and one radio-quiet (Q1410+096, z = 3.3240), both showing Population A quasar spectral properties. Optical spectra were observed in the infrared with VLT/ESO, and the additional measures in UV were obtained through the fitting of archive spectra. The analysis was performed through a non-linear multi-component decomposition of the emission line profiles. Results are shown in order to highlight the effects of the radio-loudness on their emission line properties. The two quasars share similar optical spectroscopic properties and are very close on the MS classification while presenting significant differences on the UV data. Both sources show significant blueshifts in the UV lines but important differences in their UV general behaviour. While the radio-quiet source Q1410+096 shows a typical Pop A UV spectrum with similar intensities and shapes on both CIV1549 and SiIV1392, the UV spectrum of the strong radio-loud PKS2000-330 closely resembles the one of population B of quasars.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, Invited talk presented at the 13th Serbian Conference on Spectral Line Shapes in Astrophysics (SCSLSA)
Localised Access System for Distance Learning
Creators: name: Simon, Chinonso
name: Nkonkwo, Ngozi Ukamaka
Publisher: name: International Conference on Computer Applications
Year: 2023

description: The Localized Access System for Distance Learning addresses the evolving landscape of education by presenting a novel solution that enhances accessibility, connectivity, and engagement in remote learning environments. Recognizing the challenges faced by learners in diverse geographic locations, this system employs advanced technologies to provide tailored access to educational resources, fostering an inclusive and interactive learning experience.

This innovative system leverages geolocation-based services and adaptive content delivery mechanisms to customize educational content based on the learner's geographical location. By incorporating real-time data on network conditions and localized preferences, the system optimizes the delivery of multimedia content, ensuring a seamless and efficient learning experience regardless of geographical constraints.

Furthermore, the Localized Access System prioritizes security and privacy, implementing robust authentication and authorization protocols to safeguard sensitive educational data. The platform also integrates collaborative tools, enabling real-time interactions among students and educators, thus fostering a sense of community and engagement in the virtual learning environment.

As distance learning continues to play a pivotal role in global education, the Localized Access System stands out as a promising solution to bridge geographical disparities and enhance the overall quality of remote learning experiences. This abstract highlights the system's potential to revolutionize access to education, making it more personalized, responsive, and inclusive for learners around the world
Commissioning of the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeters
Creators: name: Cooke, Mark S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A selection of ATLAS liquid argon (LAr) calorimeter commissioning studies is presented. It includes a coherent noise study, a measurement of the quality of the ionization pulse shape prediction, and energy and time reconstruction analyses with cosmic and single beam signals.
description: Proceedings from the CIPANP 2009 Conference
Detection of Geoneutrinos: Can We Make the Gnus Work for Us?
Creators: name: Learned, John G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of electron anti-neutrinos from natural radioactivity in the earth has been a goal of neutrino researchers for about half a century. It was accomplished by the KamLAND Collaboration in 2005, and opens the way towards studies of the Earth's radioactive content, with very important implications for geology. New detectors are operating (KamLAND and Borexino), building (SNO+) and being proposed (Hanohano, LENA, Earth and others) that will go beyond the initial observation and allow interesting geophysical and geochemical research, in a means not otherwise possible. Herein we describe the approaches being taken (large liquid scintillation instruments), the experimental and technical challenges (optical detectors, directionality), and prospects for growth of this field. There is related spinoff in particle physics (neutrino oscillations and hierarchy determination), astrophysics (solar neutrinos, supernovae, exotica), and in the practical matter of remote monitoring of nuclear reactors.
description: 5 pages submitted to Proceedings of Neutrino 2008 Christchurch, New Zealand