cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: A novel exercise initiative to improve walking ability in people with multiple sclerosis having higher levels of disability
Creators: name: Devasahayam, Augustine Joshua
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2020

description: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an auto-immune mediated inflammatory and degenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by loss of myelin and axonal integrity. MS often leads to an accrual of walking disability and worsening of fatigue. Exercise-dependent plasticity in the central nervous system, which involves upregulation of growth-promoting neurotrophins and suppression of inflammatory cytokines, may help restore lost ability to walk. Although aerobic training is an intervention that can potentially improve walking disability and reduce fatigue, these factors are also significant barriers to participating in exercise. Furthermore, because of thermal dysregulation, exercise-induced increases in body temperature leads to temporary worsening of symptoms in some MS patients. The purpose of my doctoral work was to develop and determine the feasibility of implementing a progressively intense aerobic treadmill training, in a room cooled to 16°C, for people with MS having walking disability, fatigue, and heat sensitivity. In the first study, I critically appraised and consolidated the research in animal models and clinical trials in order to determine the optimal training dosage and outcomes for a future exercise trial. The second study showed that people with MS-related disability consumed about three times more oxygen to complete relatively simple mobility activities such as rolling in bed, when compared to age and sex-matched healthy controls. The results of this study supported the importance of testing therapeutic aerobic training for this cohort of patients with barriers to exercise, such as fatigue. The third study outlined the effects of maximal aerobic exercise on neurotrophins and inflammatory cytokines among people with MS and controls. The final study established preliminary evidence for the feasibility of conducting progressively intense aerobic training on a bodyweight supported treadmill in a room cooled to 16°C. The benefits included significant improvements in walking speed, fatigue, aerobic fitness, and quality of life, while simultaneously altering serum levels of blood biomarkers of recovery such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor and interleukin-6, shifting the balance between repair and inflammation. Randomized controlled trials are needed to substantiate these preliminary findings, which in turn could lead to effective training options for people living with MS-related barriers to exercise participation.
Controlled switching between paramagnetic and diamagnetic Meissner effect in Pb/Co nanocomposites
Creators: name: Xing, Y. T.
name: Micklitz, H.
name: Rappoport, T. G.
name: Baggio-Saitovitch, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hybrid system which consists of a superconducting (SC) Pb film (100 nm thickness) containing $\sim$1 vol% single domain ferromagnetic (FM) Co particles of mean-size $\sim$4.5 nm reveal unusual magnetic properties: (i) a controlled switching between the usual diamagnetic and the unusual paramagnetic Meissner effect in field cooling as well as in zero-field cooling experiments (ii) amplification of the positive magnetization when the sample enters the SC state below T$_c$. These experimental findings can be explained by the formation of spontaneous vortices and the possible alignment of these vortices due to the foregoing alignment of the Co particle FM moments by an external magnetic field.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Ethics in ecological forecasting: four case-based teaching modules
Creators: name: Lewis, Abigail
name: Howard, Dexter
name: Koren, Gerbrand
name: Kowalski, Cazimir
name: McLachlan, Jason
name: Peters, Jody
name: Smies, Georgia
name: Tabares, Olivia
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2024

description: Working with ecological data often involves ethical considerations, particularly when data are applied to address societal needs. However, data science ethics are rarely included as part of undergraduate and graduate training programs. Here, we present four modules for teaching ethics in data science, with real-world case studies related to ecological forecasting.  See the module topics in the description below.

The material was originally published in Teaching Issues and Experiments in Ecology (TIEE), Vol 19, Practice #13. Dec 2023.
https://tiee.esa.org/vol/v19/issues/case_studies/lewis/abstract.html

In addition to having this material in TIEE, we are sharing these resources in QUBES to expand the scope of potential users.  TIEE approved us sharing the material in both places. 
Note that TIEE does not provide DOIs for the published materials, but QUBES does.

We include both pdfs and word documents for the essay assignments, class handouts, and pre-reading materials. The Full Article Text provides the student-active approaches and cognitive skills, the case studies, the background materials, and instructions for the instructors and the students for each of the four modules.
A fast randomized algorithm for orthogonal projection
Creators: name: Rokhlin, Vladimir
name: Tygert, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe an algorithm that, given any full-rank matrix A having fewer rows than columns, can rapidly compute the orthogonal projection of any vector onto the null space of A, as well as the orthogonal projection onto the row space of A, provided that both A and its adjoint can be applied rapidly to arbitrary vectors. As an intermediate step, the algorithm solves the overdetermined linear least-squares regression involving the adjoint of A (and so can be used for this, too). The basis of the algorithm is an obvious but numerically unstable scheme; suitable use of a preconditioner yields numerical stability. We generate the preconditioner rapidly via a randomized procedure that succeeds with extremely high probability. In many circumstances, the method can accelerate interior-point methods for convex optimization, such as linear programming (Ming Gu, personal communication).
description: 13 pages, 6 tables
Accretion of phantom scalar field into a black hole
Creators: name: Gonzalez, J. A.
name: Guzman, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using numerical methods we present the first full nonlinear study of phantom scalar field accreted into a black hole. We study different initial configurations and find that the accretion of the field into the black hole can reduce its area down to 50 percent within time scales of the order of few masses of the initial horizon. The analysis includes the cases where the total energy of the space-time is positive or negative. The confirmation of this effect in full nonlinear general relativity implies that the accretion of exotic matter could be considered an evaporation process. We speculate that if this sort of exotic matter has some cosmological significance, this black hole area reduction process might have played a crucial role in black hole formation and population.
description: 5 revtex pages, 4 eps figures. Minor changes applied
Spin-orbit coupling in a graphene bilayer and in graphite
Creators: name: Guinea, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsic spin-orbit interactions in bilayer graphene and in graphite are studied, using a tight binding model, and an intraatomic LS coupling. The spin-orbit interactions in bilayer graphene and graphite are larger, by about one order of magnitude, than the interactions in single layer graphene, due to the mixing of pi and sigma bands by interlayer hopping. Their value is in the range 0.1 - 1K. The spin-orbit coupling opens a gap in bilayer graphene, and it also gives rise to two edge modes. The spin-orbit couplings are largest, 1-4K, in orthorhombic graphite, which does not have a center of inversion.
Additional file 1 of Transformation and fate of Fe(III) in petroleum-hydrocarbon-contaminated soil and groundwater
Creators: name: Elikem, Essouassi
name: Bulmer, David
name: Bradshaw, Kris
name: Hayatifar, Ardalan
name: Lindsay, Matthew B. J.
name: Siciliano, Steven D.
name: Peak, Derek
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 1.
Supplementary document for A programmable multifunctional metasurface for polarization, phase, and amplitude manipulation - 6615145.pdf
Creators: name: Guo, Zexu
name: Zhou, Yulong
name: Yang, Huanhuan
name: li, sijia
name: Li, Tong
name: cao, xiangyu
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supporting information
title: Assessment of the Climate Changes Impact on the Groundwater Recharge to Precipitation Ratio in the Recent Years in West Aegean Region of Bulgaria
Creators: name: Nitcheva, Olga
name: Dobreva, Polya
name: Hristova, Nelly
name: Koutev, Vesselin
name: Shopova, Donka
name: Vatralova, Albena
name: Bournazki, Emil
Publisher: name: Proceeding of 1st International Conference on Environmental Protection and Disaster RISKs, 2020, p. 577-585
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The topic of this report concerns the expected changes of the important part of the water resources of Bulgaria caused by the moving of the main precipitation to the warm seasons. The study examines the influence of the air temperature and rain intensity as main factors for the change in the potential groundwater recharge / precipitation ratio in the summer months of three recent years on the territory of Southwest Bulgaria (Basins of Struma and Mesta rivers). The assessment has been performed by application of a precipitation-runoff hydrological model, which is a sub-model of NASA’s climate model.
description: Proceeding of 1st International Conference on Environmental Protection and Disaster RISKs, 2020, p. 577-585
Excitonic Effects on the Optical Response of Graphene and Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Yang, Li
name: Deslippe, Jack
name: Park, Cheol-Hwan
name: Cohen, Marvin L.
name: Louie, Steven G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first-principles calculations of many-electron effects on the optical response of graphene, bilayer graphene, and graphite employing the GW-Bethe Salpeter equation approach. We find that resonant excitons are formed in these two-dimensional semimetals. The resonant excitons give rise to a prominent peak in the absorption spectrum near 4.5 eV with a different line shape and significantly redshifted peak position from those of an absorption peak arising from interband transitions in an independent quasiparticle picture. In the infrared regime, our calculated optical absorbance per graphene layer is approximately a constant, 2.4%, in agreement with recent experiments; additional low frequency features are found for bilayer graphene because of band structure effects.
THERMAL TECHNICAL RESEARCH OF THE PROCESS OF DRYING MELONS SLICES IN A COMBINED DRYER
Creators: name: Rakhmatov, Orifzhon
name: Rakhmatov, Firdavs
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article discusses the design features of a combined drying installation, the principle of its operation and the results of experimental studies of drying ring-shaped melon slices, as well as the dependence curves of the efficiency of the drying installation on the heating temperature of the chamber surface and at the outlet of the spent drying agent from the drying chamber. It has been proven that as the temperature of the spent drying agent increases, the thermal efficiency decreases. The optimal temperature of the heat release agent is considered to be .
Particle Classification and Dynamics in GL(2,C) Gravity
Creators: name: Stern, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A relatively simple approach to noncommutative gravity utilizes the gauge theory formulation of general relativity and involves replacing the Lorentz gauge group by a larger group. This results in additional field degrees of freedom which either must be constrained to vanish in a nontrivial way, or require physical interpretation. With the latter in mind, we examine the coupling of the additional fields to point particles. Nonstandard particle degrees of freedom should be introduced in order to write down the most general coupling. The example we study is the $GL(2,C)$ central extension of gravity given by Chamseddine, which contains two U(1) gauge fields, and a complex vierbein matrix, along with the usual spin connections. For the general coupling one should then attach two U(1) charges and a complex momentum vector to the particle, along with the spin. The momenta span orbits in a four-dimensional complex vector space, and are classified by $GL(2,C)$ invariants and by their little groups. In addition to orbits associated with standard massive and massless particles, a number of novel orbits can be identified. We write down a general action principle for particles associated with any nontrivial orbit and show that it leads to corrections to geodesic motion. We also examine the classical and quantum theory of the particle in flat space-time.
description: 30 pages
A POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL BRASILEIRA E A ADMINISTRAÇÃO NA PERSPECTIVA DA GESTÃO DEMOCRÁTICA
Creators: name: DE SOUZA, ANA CLEIDE
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Education

description: Este texto baseou-se numa pesquisa em literatura especializada que trata de temas relacionados ao sistema educacional brasileiro, a sua organização e a forma de como a sua administração vem sendo conduzida. Foi analisado o processo de gestão na modalidade da educação básica e superior, levantando questionamentos sobre a condução de sua democratização. Mostrou-se aqui uma visão de alguns pontos em torno das relações entre a educação e a gestão, que atualmente vem atuando com uma abordagem vertical, o que descaracteriza o real conceito de democracia. Destaca-se também que na CF/88, a educação está como direito de segunda dimensão, conectando-se diretamente ao valor da igualdade material, não se acomodando ao mero poder de agir por parte da Administração Pública. A educação representa um dos Princípios Fundamentais, ou seja, tem o poder de exigir prestação concreta por parte do Estado, através de políticas públicas consolidadas, que visem garantir o Estado Democrático de Direito. Na busca de reduzir as disparidades educacionais é imprescindível a formação do cidadão para que ele possa atuar conscientemente, de forma politizada, sendo então fator determinante para o desenvolvimento social e econômico de uma nação.
Making use of the International Lattice Data Grid
Creators: name: Yoshie, Tomoteru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The International Lattice Data Grid (ILDG) continues stable operation for about one year and has accumulated a lot of valuable configurations. After a brief review of the ILDG system, we highlight large physics projects, whose configurations are already available on the grid or will be open to the public in the near future. With such information, one can make better use of the ILDG. Statistics about the ILDG is also reported.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, Plenary talk given at the XXVI International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (LATTICE 2008), July 14-19, 2008, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA
Corticosteroid-binding globulin shapes the sexual dimorphism of adrenal, hepatic, and neuroendocrine responses
Creators: name: Parlow, Julia Noel Charlene (Toews)
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Produced by the liver, plasma corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) binds glucocorticoids in the blood and regulates their access to target tissues. Glucocorticoids exert sexually dimorphic effects on development, metabolism, stress, and inflammation, but precisely how CBG modulates these actions remains unclear. Here, we examined how disrupting the SerpinA6 gene encoding CBG affects glucocorticoid actions in male and female rats. Initial observations in wild-type animals indicated that females display pubertal increases in adrenal weight in tandem with increases in plasma CBG, whereas no such changes were observed in males. Interestingly, adrenal weight gain was blunted in female rats lacking CBG, such that adrenal growth trajectories became similar between sexes. Loss of CBG also altered the expression of ~4,600 adrenal genes in adult females, but not males, including those related to steroidogenesis and growth. To understand the mechanisms underlying the deficit in adrenal growth associated with CBG deficiency, we then characterized the capacity of female CBG-knockout rats to show compensatory adrenal growth induced by unilateral adrenalectomy. The results of these experiments suggest that CBG normally enhances the proliferation and transdifferentiation of the glucocorticoid-producing region (zona fasciculata) of the adrenal gland, as these responses were blunted in rats without CBG. Because glucocorticoids control liver development and metabolic activities, hepatic transcriptomic profiling revealed a sex-specific effect of CBG ablation to alter the expression of genes related to cholesterol biosynthesis, inflammation, and metabolism in adult females. These studies suggest that the emergence of sex differences in CBG levels during puberty promotes the sexual dimorphism of both liver and adrenal function. Characterization of inflammatory and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responses to acute lipopolysaccharide and restraint stress continued to underscore how CBG calibrates the HPA axis and glucocorticoid actions in each sex. Interestingly, CBG-deficient males rather than females were particularly sensitive to immune challenge. These studies reveal that CBG shapes the sexual dimorphism of the adrenal and liver as well as responses to stress and inflammation, providing insight into how CBG deficiencies are linked to sex differences in glucocorticoid-dependent diseases.
Microscopic agent-based modeling and simulation of cyclists on off-street paths
Creators: name: Mohammed, Hossameldin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Inclusion of bicycle traffic in microsimulation tools is essential for evaluating bicycle-accessible infrastructure projects. However, the representation of bicycles in microsimulation models is still at an early stage of development. A better understanding of cyclist behaviour during various interactions is needed to enhance bicycle microsimulation models, which is a pre-requisite for accurate microscopic modeling of bicycle traffic operations. Due to the limited availability of detailed data, the inherent complexity of cyclist decision-making, and the substantial heterogeneity in cycling behaviour, modeling cyclist operation behaviour requires novel methods and techniques. This thesis aims first to characterize cyclist maneuvers in following and overtaking interactions using multivariate finite mixture model-based clustering. Second, an agent-based bicycle simulation method is proposed to model cyclists as intelligent agents making operational and tactical decisions based on their observations of the operating environment. Cyclist position data associated with time stamps are used to infer state and future decisions. The data are extracted from videos collected in Vancouver, BC, Canada using computer vision techniques. For segmenting behavioural states, observations of cyclists in following interactions are clustered into constrained and unconstrained states. Observations of overtaking cyclists are clustered into initiation, merging and post-overtaking states. Generative adversarial imitation learning (GAIL) is used to infer the uncertain intentions and preferences of cyclists from observational data. The model is validated by comparing multivariate distributions of variables such as speed, direction, and spacing of observed and simulated cyclist trajectories. The model performs well in comparison to two other cyclist simulation models from the literature. The proposed approach to miscrosimulation is a significant advancement in agent-based modeling methods, with continuous, non-linear, and stochastic representation of states, decisions, and actions. By modeling cyclist heterogeneity, the proposed approach can enhance applications in bicycle facility planning and design, safety modeling, and energy modeling with consideration of the full diversity of cyclists. Such an advancement is necessary for developing bicycle networks for all ages and abilities of riders.
A Learning-Based Approach to Reactive Security
Creators: name: Barth, Adam
name: Rubinstein, Benjamin I. P.
name: Sundararajan, Mukund
name: Mitchell, John C.
name: Song, Dawn
name: Bartlett, Peter L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the conventional wisdom that proactive security is superior to reactive security, we show that reactive security can be competitive with proactive security as long as the reactive defender learns from past attacks instead of myopically overreacting to the last attack. Our game-theoretic model follows common practice in the security literature by making worst-case assumptions about the attacker: we grant the attacker complete knowledge of the defender's strategy and do not require the attacker to act rationally. In this model, we bound the competitive ratio between a reactive defense algorithm (which is inspired by online learning theory) and the best fixed proactive defense. Additionally, we show that, unlike proactive defenses, this reactive strategy is robust to a lack of information about the attacker's incentives and knowledge.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures; full version of paper to be published in Financial Cryptography and Data Security 2010 (FC'10)
Impact of USDA's Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) on Rural and Urban Economies in the Aftermath of the Great Recession
Creators: name: Vogel, Stephen
name: Miller, Cristina
name: Ralston, Katherine
name: Vogel, Stephen
name: Miller, Cristina
name: Ralston, Katherine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
subject: Great Recession
subject: social accounting matrix (SAM) multiplier
subject: food-at-home expenditures
subject: rural economy
subject: rural and urban demand spillovers
subject: rural and urban employment impacts
subject: U.S. Department of Agriculture
subject: USDA
subject: Economic Research Service
subject: ERS

description: This report traces the impacts of USDA’s Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefit outlays on the rural and urban economies during the post-recession years 2009–14. The macroeconomic stimulus effects of the expenditures of SNAP benefit outlays generated larger economic impacts in the urban economy than the rural economy, when measured in total dollars and numbers of jobs. However, when measured as shares of total output, income, and employment, SNAP’s stimulus effects generated larger impacts in the rural economy. These larger rural impacts were attributed to two factors: (1) The farm and food processing sectors represented larger shares of the rural economic base than of the urban industrial base; and (2) urban SNAP expenditures generated large spillover impacts in the rural economy.
Non-commutative Combinatorial Inverse Systems
Creators: name: Aval, J. -C.
name: Bergeron, N.
name: Li, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S99, 13P10

description: We introduce the notion of a combinatorial inverse system in non-commutative variables. We present two important examples, some conjectures and results. These conjectures and results were suggested and supported by computer investigations.
title: Planning for natural hazards in the Wellington region under the National Policy Statement on Urban Development 2020
Creators: name: Gunnell, Sarah N.
name: Beban, Jiri G.
Publisher: name: GNS Science
Year: 2021

description: Councils in Aotearoa New Zealand’s largest cities are currently grappling with the implementation of the National Policy Statement on Urban Development (NPS-UD), with effect needing to be given to the prescribed development intensification provisions in their land-use planning documents by August 2022. In addition to these relatively short timeframes, the evidentiary bar is set high for excluding areas subject to natural hazard risk where a higher intensity of development is directed. The concern is that at least some Councils may not have sufficient time to gather the level of evidence required and, as a result, inappropriate development will be enabled in areas at risk from the effects of natural hazards, increasing the risk profile of our largest cities. This report explores the options for managing natural hazard risk against the development directives of the NPS-UD, with specific reference to the Wellington region. It provides wider discussion on how ‘significant risk’ is being defined and applied in an Aotearoa New Zealand context and guidance to help councils determine what constitutes a significant risk in terms of the specific hazards faced by the region, along with practical options of how to ensure that risk is appropriately managed in the face of increased pressure for urban development. Ultimately, an overarching aim of the planning framework in Aotearoa New Zealand is to create urban environments that allow people to provide for their social, economic and cultural wellbeing, as well as for their health and safety both now and into the future. Enabling intensification of development where it will create or exacerbate a high risk from natural hazards runs contrary to this outcome, therefore decision-making under the NPS-UD must ensure that it is avoided (auth)
title: Πειραματική μελέτη αεριοποίησης στερεών καυσίμων με ατμό σε σταθερή κλίνη. Επίδραση καταλυτών στην ποιότητα και το ενεργειακό περιεχόμενο του αερίου προϊόντος
Creators: name: Μπερκης Μιχαηλ
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία, στοχεύει στην μελέτη της αεριοποίησης με ατμό υπολεiμμάτων καλλιέργειας ηλίανθου, χρησιμοποιώντας παιπάλη  από απόβλητα λατομείου επεξεργασίας λεπτομερών αδρανών, ως απορροφητικό υλικό για την συγκράτηση του διοξειδίου του άνθρακα από τα αέρια προϊόντα, καθώς και ανθρακικά αλκάλια (K, Li, Na) ως καταλύτες. Για την διεξαγωγή των πειραμάτων χρησιμοποιήθηκε σύστημα σταθερής κλίνης. Εξετάσθηκαν η επίδραση της παιπάλης (για διαφορετικούς λόγους Ca/C που κυμάνθηκαν από 0.25 μέχρι 2), των καταλυτών (για διαφορετικά ποσοστά εμποτισμού καταλύτη που κυμάνθηκαν από 10% έως 30% κ.β του βιοεξανθρακώματος) και της θερμοκρασίας αεριοποίησης (από 600οC  μέχρι 750οC), στη μετατροπή του καυσίμου, στην σύσταση του αερίου, την απόδοση σε υδρογόνο και την ανώτερη θερμογόνο δύναμη.
Για λόγο Ca/C = 0.5, έγινε απορρόφηση του διοξειδίου του άνθρακα 94.2% σε θερμοκρασία 750οC. Tο αέριο περιείχε 45.4% υδρογόνο, 52.1% μονοξείδιο του άνθρακα και 0.9% διοξείδιο του άνθρακα. Για εμποτισμό του εξανθρακώματος με καταλύτη σε ποσοστά 20% και 30% κ.β, η ενεργότητα των καταλυτών ως προς την απόδοση σε Η2 αυξήθηκε ως εξής: K2CO3 > Na2CO3 > Li2CO3. Το ανθρακικό κάλιο για ποσοστό 20% έδωσε απόδοση σε υδρογόνο 2.47m3/kg (ποσοστό σε υδρογόνο 83.6%, μονοξείδιο του άνθρακα 6.9% και διοξείδιο του άνθρακα 4.4% στο αέριο μείγμα).
Hierarchy and equivalence of multi-letter quantum finite automata
Creators: name: Qiu, Daowen
name: Yu, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.1; F.1.2; F.4.3

description: Multi-letter {\it quantum finite automata} (QFAs) were a new one-way QFA model proposed recently by Belovs, Rosmanis, and Smotrovs (LNCS, Vol. 4588, Springer, Berlin, 2007, pp. 60-71), and they showed that multi-letter QFAs can accept with no error some regular languages ($(a+b)^{*}b$) that are unacceptable by the one-way QFAs. In this paper, we continue to study multi-letter QFAs. We mainly focus on two issues: (1) we show that $(k+1)$-letter QFAs are computationally more powerful than $k$-letter QFAs, that is, $(k+1)$-letter QFAs can accept some regular languages that are unacceptable by any $k$-letter QFA. A comparison with the one-way QFAs is made by some examples; (2) we prove that a $k_{1}$-letter QFA ${\cal A}_1$ and another $k_{2}$-letter QFA ${\cal A}_2$ are equivalent if and only if they are $(n_{1}+n_{2})^{4}+k-1$-equivalent, and the time complexity of determining the equivalence of two multi-letter QFAs using this method is $O(n^{12}+k^{2}n^{4}+kn^{8})$, where $n_{1}$ and $n_{2}$ are the numbers of states of ${\cal A}_{1}$ and ${\cal A}_{2}$, respectively, and $k=\max(k_{1},k_{2})$. Some other issues are addressed for further consideration.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures. The is a further revised version, and it has been accepted for publication in Theoretical Computer Science
Redheffer representations and relaxed commutant lifting
Creators: name: ter Horst, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A56, 47A20, 47A57, 47A48

description: It is well known that the solutions of a (relaxed) commutant lifting problem can be described via a linear fractional representation of the Redheffer type. The coefficients of such Redheffer representations are analytic operator-valued functions defined on the unit disc D of the complex plane. In this paper we consider the converse question. Given a Redheffer representation, necessary and sufficient conditions on the coefficients are obtained guaranteeing the representation to appear in the description of the solutions to some relaxed commutant lifting problem. In addition, a result concerning a form of non-uniqueness appearing in the Redheffer representations under consideration and an harmonic maximal principle, generalizing a result of A. Biswas, are proved. The latter two results can be stated both on the relaxed commutant lifting as well as on on the Redheffer representation level.
description: 19 pages
A Pure-Glue Hidden Valley I. States and Decays
Creators: name: Juknevich, Jose E.
name: Melnikov, Dmitry
name: Strassler, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is possible that the standard model is coupled, through new massive charged or colored particles, to a hidden sector whose low energy dynamics is controlled by a pure Yang-Mills theory, with no light matter. Such a sector would have numerous metastable "hidden glueballs" built from the hidden gluons. These states would decay to particles of the standard model. We consider the phenomenology of this scenario, and find formulas for the lifetimes and branching ratios of the most important of these states. The dominant decays are to two standard model gauge bosons, or by radiative decays with photon emission, leading to jet- and photon-rich signals.
description: 34 pages, 4 figures
Exact Quantization of a Superparticle in AdS_5 x S^5
Creators: name: Horigane, Tetsuo
name: Kazama, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a step toward deeper understanding of the AdS/CFT correspondence, exact quantization of a Brink-Schwarz superparticle in the AdS_5 x S^5 background with Ramond-Ramond (RR) flux is performed from the first principle in the phase space formulation. It includes the construction of the quantum Noether charges for the psu(2,2|4) superconformal symmetry and by solving the superconformal primary conditions we obtain the complete physical spectrum of the system with the explicit wave functions. The spectrum agrees precisely with the supergravity results, including all the Kaluza-Klein excitations. Our method and the result are expected to shed light on the eventual quantization of a superstring in this important background.
description: 46 pages, no figure ; minor revision
MASSCLEAN - MASSive CLuster Evolution and ANalysis Package - Description, Tests, and Results
Creators: name: Popescu, Bogdan
name: Hanson, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MASSCLEAN is a new, sophisticated and robust stellar cluster image and photometry simulation package. This package is able to create color-magnitude diagrams and standard FITS images in any of the traditional optical and near-infrared bands based on cluster characteristics input by the user, including but not limited to distance, age, mass, radius and extinction. At the limit of very distant, unresolved clusters, we have checked the integrated colors created in MASSCLEAN against those from other simple stellar population (SSP) models with consistent results. Because the algorithm populates the cluster with a discrete number of tenable stars, it can be used as part of a Monte Carlo Method to derive the probabilistic range of characteristics (integrated colors, for example) consistent with a given cluster mass and age. We present the first ever mass dependent integrated colors as a function of age, derived from over 100,000 Monte Carlo runs, which can be used to improve the current age determination methods for stellar clusters.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings International Astronomical Union Symposium No. 266, Star Clusters - Basic Galactic Building Blocks throughout Time and Space, Editors: Richard de Grijs & Jacques R. D. Lepine
Marine mammal sound classification using deep learning models
Creators: name: Zhao, Beiliang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Monitoring marine mammals through vocalizations provides scientists with essential insights into their abundance and distribution. Systems that classify these acoustic sensing from less than 10 to over 100000 hertz (Hz) enable precise surveillance of specific species, thereby playing a crucial role in the protection efforts for endangered species. However, current solutions based on traditional machine learning technologies face challenges in classifying a diverse range of marine mammal sounds with high accuracy. This study aims to improve classification accuracy for marine mammal vocalizations by refining the feature vectors from sounds, deploying advanced deep-learning models, and comparing the performance of various deep-learning models. Furthermore, this research utilizes the generalization capability of deep-learning models to process fresh acoustic data from different sources or additional species with high accuracy. The advancements proposed in this study offer a marked improvement in marine mammal surveillance, allowing for more precise species identification based on their vocal patterns.
Magnetic Grueneisen ratio of the random transverse-field Ising chain
Creators: name: Vojta, Thomas
name: Hoyos, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic analog of the Grüneisen parameter, i.e., the magnetocaloric effect, is a valuable tool for studying field-tuned quantum phase transitions. We determine the magnetic Grüneisen parameter of the one-dimensional random transverse-field Ising model, focusing on its low-temperature behavior at the exotic infinite-randomness quantum critical point and in the associated quantum Griffiths phases. We present extensive numerical simulations showing that the magnetic Grüneisen parameter diverges logarithmically with decreasing temperature in the quantum Griffiths phase. It changes sign right at criticality. These results confirm a recent strong-disorder renormalization group theory. We also compare our findings to the behavior of the clean transverse-field Ising chain.
description: 5 pages, 6 eps figures, submitted to Proc. of QCNP09
Additional file 1 of Metabolic network as an objective biomarker in monitoring deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease: a longitudinal study
Creators: name: Ge, Jingjie
name: Wang, Min
name: Lin, Wei
name: Wu, Ping
name: Guan, Yihui
name: Zhang, Huiwei
name: Huang, Zhemin
name: Yang, Likun
name: Zuo, Chuantao
name: Jiang, Jiehui
name: Rominger, Axel
name: Shi, Kuangyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. The region weights (Z-score) of PDRP subnetwork, SUVR changes of PDRP subnetwork, and the brain network properties of cohort II in the sparsity threshold 25–50% are detailed in the Additional file.
The length of unknotting tunnels
Creators: name: Cooper, Daryl
name: Lackenby, Marc
name: Purcell, Jessica S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50

description: We show there exist tunnel number one hyperbolic 3-manifolds with arbitrarily long unknotting tunnel. This provides a negative answer to an old question of Colin Adams.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures. 20 pages, 6 figures. Daryl Cooper added as author. V2 contains two new sections, including a second proof of the main result, and a proof that the result holds for knots in homology spheres
Prediction of Feshbach resonances from three input parameters
Creators: name: Hanna, Thomas M.
name: Tiesinga, Eite
name: Julienne, Paul S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a model of Feshbach resonances in gases of ultracold alkali metal atoms using the ideas of multichannel quantum defect theory. Our model requires just three parameters describing the interactions - the singlet and triplet scattering lengths, and the long range van der Waals coefficient - in addition to known atomic properties. Without using any further details of the interactions, our approach can accurately predict the locations of resonances. It can also be used to find the singlet and triplet scattering lengths from measured resonance data. We apply our technique to $^{6}$Li--$^{40}$K and $^{40}$K--$^{87}$Rb scattering, obtaining good agreement with experimental results, and with the more computationally intensive coupled channels technique.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, revised version
Targeting Misconceptions in the Central Dogma by Examining Viral Infection
Creators: name: DeVito*, Stefanie
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2021

description:
Understanding the central dogma and how changes in gene expression can impact cell function requires integration of several topics in molecular biology. Students often do not make the necessary connections between DNA structure, transcription, translation and how these processes work together to impact cell function. This lesson seeks to tie together these concepts through the use of data from primary literature, in the context of viral infection. This lesson asks students to think like scientists as they design experiments, make predictions and interpret and evaluate data from primary literature on how changes in the expression of a glucose transporter gene can alter the function of a cell through changes to glucose uptake and metabolism. This lesson incorporates the Vision and Change core concept of information flow and the core competency of quantitative reasoning. It also addresses The Genetics Society of America learning framework goal of Gene Expression and Regulation (How can gene activity be altered in the absence of DNA changes?). This lesson was taught in three sections of a small-enrollment undergraduate class and assessed summatively using a pre/post test and formatively using in class via personal response systems. This lesson describes the design, implementation and results of student assessment, and offers suggestions on how to adapt the materials to a variety of contexts including different class sizes, different units of introductory biology, and upper-level classes.
Il diritto internazionale e la protezione del patrimonio culturale mondiale
Creators: name: Baroncini, Elisa
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2019
Subjects: IUS/13 Diritto internazionale

description: Il volume è dedicato alla presentazione del sistema UNESCO e delle Convenzioni dedicate alla tutela del patrimonio materiale ed immateriale dell’umanità. L’opera intende essere la prima tappa editoriale dello Studium bolognese sul contributo del diritto internazionale alla protezione e alla preservazione dei beni culturali e naturali di eccezionale valore universale, al fine di approntare gli strumenti necessari alla formazione di una classe dirigente capace di gestire al meglio l’immenso e ineguagliabile patrimonio del Bel Paese.
Una nuova lettura delle tarsie e della scritta dello Studiolo di Gubbio
Creators: name: Ambrogi, Vincenzo
name: Molari, Pier Gabriele
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2019
Subjects: L-ART/01 Storia dell'arte medievale
M-STO/01 Storia medievale

description: Nel 2009 è stata ricollocata nel palazzo ducale di Gubbio una replica fedele dello studiolo di Federico da Montefeltro. Lo studiolo lasciò il palazzo nel 1874 e nel 1939 fu acquistato dal Metropolitan Museum di New York, dove è ora esposto. La riproduzione dapprima ha richiesto una ricostruzione delle travagliate peripezie nei vari passaggi di proprietà, accompagnate dalle loro immagini fotografiche. In un secondo tempo è stata necessaria una laboriosa ricerca delle tecnologie allora impiegate, ed una accurata scelta delle essenze da usare. 
In questa replica si è voluto anche riprodurre un pannello andato perduto. Il pannello raffigura un semplice oggetto fino ad ora rimasto misterioso. Si tratta di un regolo a piombo, oggetto simbolo di geometria ed architettura. Lo strumento però è mancante della massa sospesa: un evidente richiamo alla scomparsa del Duca Federico, avvenuta proprio in concomitanza della costruzione dello studiolo.  
Questa osservazione ha portato ad elaborare una nuova ed originale chiave di lettura del simbolismo nascosto nello studiolo. Così, dopo la prima celebrativa, la seconda cosmologica, la terza ermetica, emerge una quarta lettura, quella propedeutica per Guidubaldo, il giovanissimo erede del Duca. 
Questa lettura si basa sui sette oggetti appoggiati sulle finte sedute e dunque alla portata del giovane erede. Il messaggio si articola in sei momenti fondamentali che comprendono l’elaborazione del dolore, l’incitazione a ben operare, l’addestramento militare, la crescita culturale, la cura delle arti e la coscienza della situazione politica e tendono verso il raggiungimento di un obiettivo finale molto ambizioso: il governo dell’Italia, così tanto inseguito da Federico per il figlio. In questa nuova lettura la replica dello studiolo e la sua sistemazione nel sito d’origine permettono di considerare il ruolo fondamentale della luce esterna e delle ombre sulle tarsie. 
Emerge l’impegnativo ruolo del tutore del giovanissimo erede e reggente del ducato, Ottaviano Ubaldini della Carda, e la sua esortazione a Federico di stare, dall’aldilà, al fianco del figlio in modo che possa mantenere intatte e perseguire le idee e gli insegnamenti di Platone citato nella scritta e rappresentato nel quadro dell’orazione.
Questa meravigliosa opera d’arte può così venire meglio usufruita, mostrando tutta la complessa articolazione dell’ingegno rinascimentale, che si esprime mediante una serie di simbolismi così elitari.
Quark-hadron phase transition in a neutron star under strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Rabhi, A.
name: Pais, H.
name: Panda, P. K.
name: Providencia, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of a strong magnetic field on the properties of neutron stars with a quark-hadron phase transition. It is shown that the magnetic field prevents the appearance of a quark phase, enhances the leptonic fraction, decreases the baryonic density extension of the mixed phase and stiffens the total equation of state, including both the stellar matter and the magnetic field contributions. Two parametrisations of a density dependent static magnetic field, increasing, respectively, fast and slowly with the density and reaching $2-4\times 10^{18}$G in the center of the star, are considered. The compact stars with strong magnetic fields have maximum mass configurations with larger masses and radius and smaller quark fractions. The parametrisation of the magnetic field with density has a strong influence on the star properties.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in J. Phys. G
Notes on Knowledge, Systems, Language and Scientific Reasoning
Creators: name: Mella, Piero
Publisher: name: Economia Aziendale Online
Year: 2019

description: In questo studio sono presentati alcuni primi elementi di metodologia dell'osservazione scientifica ed operativa che l’economista aziendale e l’operatore aziendale devono possedere per rendere formalmente efficienti ed efficaci le loro analisi teoriche e il loro operare. Si considera l'ipotesi che l'attività osservativa proceda per gradi da elementi semplici – quali la percezione e la descrizione degli oggetti – ad attività osservative evolute, quali l'analogia – che comporta la definizione dei concetti – e l'astrazione generalizzante, che consente di pervenire alle leggi ed alle teorie scientifiche tramite le quali tentare spiegazioni della realtà. L'attività dell'uomo si sviluppa in ambienti e comunità sociali nelle quali si attua la trasmissione dei contenuti di pensiero tramite i linguaggi, dei quali si considerano le funzioni e le forme di impiego. Il lavoro si conclude con alcune considerazioni sul problema della conoscenza scientifica e sull’impiego delle argomentazioni scientifiche e delle spiegazioni.
description: Economia Aziendale Online, Vol 10, No 1 (2019): SPECIAL ISSUE - The multidimensional content of Economia Aziendale [1 of 3]