Dicharax fimbriatus
Creators: name: Asami, Takahiro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Architaenioglossa
Alycaeidae
Dicharax
Dicharax fimbriatus

description: Dicharax fimbriatus (Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1912)
FIGUrEs 13E, 35–37, 38A–D, 39.
Alycaens [sic!] (Charax) fimbriatus Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1912: 52 –53, pl. 6, figs 14–17. Chamalycaeus plicilabris multidentatus Yen, 1939: 29, pl. 2, fig. 33. new synonym. Chamalycaeus (Chamalycaeus) plicilabris multidentatus — Zilch, 1957: 145, pl. 5, fig. 15. Chamalycaeus fraterculus — Do et al., 2015: 118, fig. 1B.
Chamalycaeus sp2. — Do et al., 2015: 118, fig. 1F.
Types examined. MNHN IM-2012-27166 (TypE spECImEN, prObabLy HOLOTypE Of Alycaeus fimbriatus), PaC-KHa, LEG. MEssaGEr; SMF 40303 (HOLOTypE Of Chamalycaeus plicilabris multidentatus), YEN-LING, KwEI-dsHOU (KwEITCHOU): CHINa, LEG. SCHmaCkEr 1893, COLL. O. BOETTGEr.
Museum material examined. MNHN IM-2012-27044 (TypICaL fimbriatus; mIxEd sampLE wITH D. cristatus: MNHN IM-2012-27040), PakHé, LEG. MEssaGEr; SMF 39252/1, KIaNGsI, CHINa, LEG. SCHmaCkEr 1892, COLL. O. BOETTGEr; SMF 39228/2, SECUsaN, CHINa, COLL. EHrmaNN.
New material examined. HA/1, 2015/74 CHINa, SICHUaN, MIaNyaNG SHI, JIaNGyOU SHI, JINGUaNGdONG, ENvIrONmENT Of THE CavE, 1560 m, 31°51.126'N, 104°36.442'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI & M. SzEkErEs, 20 JUNE 2015; OKA /1, PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20150220A CHINa, GUIzHOU, GUIyaNG SHI, XIfENG XIaN, YONGjING ZHEN, XIfENG XIaN, LEG. K. OkUbO 20 FEb 2015; PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20061017 D CHINa, GUIzHOU, PINGba XIaN, TIaNLONG ZHEN, TIaNTaIsHaN, 1400 m, 26°21.300'N, 106°10.412'E, LEG. K. OkUbO 17 OCT 2006; HA/3, 2011/1 CHINa, YUNNaN, KUNmING SHI, XIsHaN QU, XIsHaN, 200 m abOvE LONGmEN CUN, 2180 m, 24°57.385'N, 102°38.181'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI, 16 Mar 2011; HA/2, 2011/11 CHINa, YUNNaN, WENsHaN ZHUaNGzU MIaOzU ZIzHIzHOU, QIUbEI XIaN, PUzHEHEI FENGjINGqU, abOvE GUaNyINdONG, 1485 m, 24°08.300'N, 104°06.710'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI, 21 Mar 2011; HA/5 sHELLs + 2 damaGEd sHELLs, 2011/12 CHINa, YUNNaN, WENsHaN ZHUaNGzU MIaOzU ZIzHIzHOU, QIUbEI XIaN, PUzHEHEI FENGjINGqU, 1.5 km TOwards PUzHEHEI, 1450 m, 24°07.946'N, 104°07.056'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI, 21 Mar 2011; HA/4, 2011/20 CHINa, YUNNaN, WENsHaN ZHUaNGzU MIaOzU ZIzHIzHOU, GUaNGNaN XIaN, BabaO ZHEN, BabaO NE 1.5 km, LafaNG, 1138 m, 23°44.321'N, 105°25.304'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI, 24 Mar 2011; PGB/3 (Ex COLL. K. OHara), 20060108A CHINa, YUNNaN, WENsHaN ZHUaNGzU MIaOzU ZIzHIzHOU, WENsHaN XIaN, rEmaINs Of WENsHaN spa, 1339 m, 23°25.72547'N, 104°09.56481'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 0 8 JaN 2006, OKA /9, PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO); OK/5, PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OHara), PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20060108D CHINa, YUNNaN, WENsHaN ZHUaNG ZUmIaOzU ZIzHIzHO, XICHOU XIaN, NOrTH sIdE Of ENTraNCE TO XICHOU ZHEN, 1433 m, 23°25.59414'N, 104°38.88766'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 0 8 JaN 2006; HA/10, 2011/10 CHINa, YUNNaN, WENsHaN ZHUaNGzU MIaOzU ZIzHIzHOU, WENsHaN SHI, XIHUa GONGyUaN, 1375 m, 23°21.446'N, 104°14.084'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI, 20 Mar 2011; PGB/3 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), PGB/4 (Ex COLL. K. OHara), 20 050612 D CHINa, YUNNaN, WENsHaN ZHUaNGzU MIaOzU ZIzHIzHOU, WENsHaN XIaN, WENsHaN XIHUa GONGyUaN (SaNyUaNdONG), 1430 m, 23°21.48923'N, 104°14.09141'E, LEG. Y. NakaHara, K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 12 JUNE 2005; HA/ 4, 2011/15 CHINa, YUNNaN, WENsHaN ZHUaNGzU MIaOzU ZIzHIzHOU, XICHOU XIaN, XINGjIE ZHEN, DadONG 3 km TOwards BaTaNG, LaOLONG, 1195 m, 23°16.067'N, 104°32.215'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI, 22 Mar 2011; PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20100513D CHINa, HUNaN, YONGzHOU SHI, FUjIaqIaO ZHEN, DaNyaN, NO GPS daTa, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 13 May 2010; HA/2, 2010/45 CHINa, HUNaN, YONGzHOU SHI, NINGyUaN XIaN, NINGyUaN N 2 km, XIabEITaNG NE, NOrTHErN sIdE Of THE mOUNTaIN, ENvIrONmENT Of THE CavE, 230 m, 25°37.045'N, 111°58.206'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI, 10 NOv 2010; HA/3, 2010/46 CHINa, HUNaN, YONGzHOU SHI, NINGyUaN XIaN, NINGyUaN N 2 km, XIabEITaNG NE, sOUTHErN sIdE Of THE mOUNTaIN, 240 m, 25°36.918'N, 111°58.034'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI, 10 NOv 2010; HA/2, 2013/8B CHINa, GUaNGxI, HECHI SHI, TIaNE XIaN, QImU XIaNG, CrOss TOwards LaHaO YaN, 600 m, 24°51.130'N, 107°11.670'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI & M. SzEkErEs, 12 SEp 2013; WM/1, MAA3 CHINa, GUaNGxI, HECHI SHI, HUaNjIaNG XIaN, MULUN NaTUrE REsErvE (S-EdGE Of MaOLaN NaTUrE REsErvE, bOrdEr wITH GUIzHOU), LEG. T. WHITTEN, SEp 2004; JUO/4 sHELLs + 1 bOdy IN ETHaNOL, OK/7, OKA /1, PGB/2 (Ex COLL. K. OHara), PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20130608C CHINa, GUaNGxI, GONGCHENG XIaN, SaNjIaNG XIaNG, PINGaN XIaNG, JIaOjINTaNG, 751 m, 24°45.454'N, 110°53.530'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 0 8 JUNE 2013; OKA /2, PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), PGB/4 (Ex COLL. K. OHara), 2004 1113A CHINa, GUaNGxI, YIzHOU SHI, BaILONGdONG GONGyUaN (park), 165 m, 24°30.274'N, 108°39.846'E, LEG. Y. NakaHara, K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 13 NOv 2004; PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20041113 B CHINa, GUaNGxI, YIzHOU SHI, AIsHaN XIaNG, XIaNNUyaN, 172 m, 24°29.292'N, 108°34.057'E, LEG. Y. NakaHara, K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 13 NOv 2004; OKA /1, PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20041113 C CHINa, GUaNGxI, YIzHOU SHI, SHIbIE XIaNG, QINGTaN, 225 m, 24°23.719'N, 108°42.137'E, LEG. Y. NakaHara, K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 13 NOv 2004; HA/7 + 4 damaGEd sHELLs, 2013/20 CHINa, GUaNGxI, LaIbIN SHI, XINGbIN QU, QIdONG XIaNG, CLIffs abOvE THE POLIU ELEmENTary SCHOOL, 150 m, 24°0.512'N, 109°4.288'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI & M. SzEkErEs, 20 SEp 2013; PGB/2 (Ex COLL. K. OHara), 20111025 B CHINa, GUaNGxI, LaIbIN SHI, QIdONG XIaNG, NOrTH Of GaNCHaOyaN, 24°01.249'N, 109°04.310'E, LEG. T. IsHIbE, K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 25 OCT 2011; OK/1, 20111023 E CHINa, GUaNGxI, DaHUayaOzU ZIzHIxIaN, LImING XIaNG, HONGjUNyaN, 255 m, 23°48.374'N, 107°31.455'E, LEG. T. IsHIbE, K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 23 OCT 2011; PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OHara), 20 050614 B CHINa, GUaNGxI, NapO XIaN, BaIdOU XIaNG, bEyONd BaIdOU, 548 m, 23°18.04540'N, 105°36.76894'E, LEG. Y. NakaHara, K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 14 JUNE 2005; PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20060110C CHINa, GUaNGxI, NapO XIaN, LONGHE XIaNG, GravEyard aT rIGHT sIdE Of rOad, 1153 m, 23°21.14377'N, 105°57.00734'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 10 JaN 2006; OK/1, 20060110G CHINa, GUaNGxI, NapO XIaN, POHE XIaNG, NaCHI, 913 m, 23°16.45981'N, 105°58.97426'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 10 JaN 2006, JUO/1 + jUvENILE sHELL; OK/2, PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20060111B CHINa, GUaNGxI, DaxIN XIaN, YaNLONG ZHEN, JIaNGjUN SHaN, 267 m, 22°49.04890'N, 106°49.33238'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 11 JaN 2006; OK/13, OKA /2; PGB/2 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), PGB/2 (Ex COLL. K. OHara), 20060111D CHINa, GUaNGxI, LONGzHOU XIaN, JINLONG ZHEN, GaOsHaN CUN, BaNLOUTUN, 333 m, 22°43.51930'N, 106°47.36219'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 11 JaN 2006; OKA /2 + 1 damaGEd sHELL, PGB/1 (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20060111F CHINa, GUaNGxI, LONGzHOU XIaN, WUdE XIaNG, WUdE, 201 m, 22°28.50938'N, 106°47.67450'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 11 JaN 2006; OK/7, PGB/2 (Ex COLL. K. OHara), 20060111G CHINa, GUaNGxI, LONGzHOU XIaN, WUdE XIaNG, WUdE, 182 m, 22°27.44038'N, 106°49.31353'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 11 JaN 2006; JUO/1, 20081112 D VIETNam, Ha GIaNG PrOvINCE, Pass bETwEEN BaC Ha aNd XIN MaN, 1371 m, 22°38.008'N, 104°22.828'E, LEG. K. OHara & J.U. OTaNI, 12 NOv 2008; JUO/1, 20081113 B VIETNam, Ha GIaNG PrOvINCE, VI XUGEN DIsTrICT, HUNG Ba COmmUNE, Nam PIa VILLaGE, 216 m, 22°52.064'N, 105°04.184'E, LEG. K. OHara & J.U. OTaNI, 13 NOv 2008; JUO/1 + bOdy IN ETHaNOL, 20081112 B VIETNam, LaO CaI PrOvINCE, BaC Ha, LUNG PHINH COmmUNE, LUNG PHINH VILLaGE, 1375 m, 22°35.658'N, 104°19.676'E, LEG. K. OHara & J.U. OTaNI, 12 NOv 2008; DDS/3, DDS3 VIETNam, SON La PrOvINCE, THUaN CHaU DIsTrICT, LImEsTONE karsT IN COpIa NaTUraL REsErvE, 1246 m, 21°25'25"N, 103°31'18"E, LEG. Đ.S. Đỗ, 0 8 JUNE 2013; DDS/3, DDS7 VIETNam, SON La PrOvINCE, VaN HO DIs., LImEsTONE fOrEsTs IN Pa COp VIL., VaN HO COm., 1.013 m, 20°45'56"N, 104°44'30"E, LEG. Đ.S. Đỗ, 26 OCT 2013; WM/64, MAA1 VIETNam, THaN HOa PrOvINCE, PU LONG NaTIONaL Park, Am vILLaGE, 20°27.39'N, 105°13.65'E, LEG. W.J.M. MaassEN, PGB/4 (Ex COLL. W.M.J. MaassEN); SMF 346381 /3 (Ex COLL. J & CH. HEmmEN), HE/9, PGB/10 (Ex COLL. HEmmEN), Ch 1 samE daTa aNd COLLECTOr as prEvIOUs; WM/1, MAA2 VIETNam, THaNH HOa PrOvINCE, PU LUONG NaTIOLNa Park, NW COrNEr Of park NEar HaNG vILLaGE, LImEsTONE arEa NEar vILLaGE, 20°31.84'N, 105°04.76'E, LEG. W.J.M. MaassEN, 19 SEp 2003; HA/1, 2012/17 VIETNam, THaNH Hóa PrOvINCE, Xã BaN CốNG, Xóm SáT, 60 m, 20°22.897'N, 105°12.712'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI, 18 May 2012; MNHN-IM-2012-27326/5 (ONLy ONE Of THEm Is adULT), 32L06 CENTraL LaOs, LUaNG PrabaNG PrOvINCE, jUsT NOTHEasT Of PHOU KHOUN, UNdEr rOCks IN OLd sECONdary fOrEsT abOvE LarGE CavE, 1177 m, 19°26.784'N, 102°26.290'E, LEG. A. AbdOU & I.V. MUraTOv, 16 NOv 2006.
Diagnosis. A vEry varIabLE, smaLL TO mEdIUm sIzEd spECIEs wITH TypICaL Dicharax - TypE rIbs ON R2, sHarp swELLING ON R3 aNd a CrENULaTEd pErIsTOmE.
Description of the holotype. SHELL (FIGUrE 35B) LIGHT GrEy; sHELL OUTLINE sLIGHTLy OvaL frOm dOrsaL vIEw, spIrE ELEvaTEd, EdGE Of bOdy wHOrL rOUNdEd; prOTOCONCH LOw, CONsIsTING Of 1.5 wHOrLs, LOw, raTHEr maTTE; R1 CONsIsTs Of aLmOsT 2 wHOrLs, raTHEr rEGULarLy rIbbEd wITH bLUNT, bUT sTrONG rIbs; rIb dENsITy dECrEasEs TOwards ENd Of rEGION; TraNsITION bETwEEN R1 aNd R2 abrUpT, CLEarLy vIsIbLE, R2 ExTrEmELy dENsELy rIbbEd; rIbs CUrvEd TOwards apErTUrE, fOrmING aN OvEraLL NEarLy smOOTH sUrfaCE; LENGTH Of R2 aNd R3 vEry sLIGHTLy mOrE THaN a qUarTEr Of wHOrL; R2 sHOrTEr THaN R3; TraNsITION bETwEEN R2 aNd R3 raTHEr CLEarLy vIsIbLE, INdICaTEd by a dEEp CONsTrICTION; R3 wITH sHarp swELLING; rIb dENsITy ON R3 sImILar TO THaT Of THE ENd Of R2; apErTUrE ExTErNaLLy sTrONGLy CrENULaTEd; OUTEr LIp sHarp, ExpaNdEd, bUT ONLy sLIGHTLy rEfLECTEd, EspECIaLLy IN dIrECTION Of UmbILICUs; INNEr LIp CrENULaTEd, sIGNIfICaNTLy THICkENEd, dIsTaNCE bETwEEN THE TwO LIps LarGE. REGardING THE fINE sTrUCTUrE Of R2 rIbs, sEE REmarks.
Measurements (in mm). D = 3.0–5.1, H = 1.8–3.3 (N = 155, spECImENs frOm dIffErENT sampLEs). SEE aLsO TabLE 3.
Operculum. THE OUTEr sUrfaCE Of THE OpErCULUm Of THE HOLOTypE Is smOOTH. IN OTHEr spECImENs IT CaN bE aLsO smOOTH Or THErE mIGHT bE a LOw LamELLa Of apprOx. sEvEN wHOrLs ON THE OUTEr sUrfaCE, Or CaN HavE aN ELEvaTEd, wrINkLEd LamELLa, wHICH Is bENT ON THE prEvIOUs wHOrLs Of ITsELf, fOrmING a fUNNEL-sHapEd sUrfaCE (20081113 B). IN mOsT spECImENs aNd pOpULaTIONs, HOwEvEr, THIs LamELLa Is wOrN, ONLy THE rEmNaNTs Of THE LamELLa INdICaTE THE wHOrLs Of THE OpErCULUm (FIGUrEs 39C–D). INNEr sUrfaCE Is wITH aN ELEvaTEd, bUT raTHEr bLUNT, CENTraL NIppLE (20060111D: FIGUrEs 39A–B, 20081113 B).
Radula. THE radULa Of ONE fEmaLE spECImEN was ExamINEd (20081112 B, COLL. JUO, FIGUrE 13E). THE TEETH arE vEry sImILar TO THOsE Of Dicharax alticola n. sp. wITH THE fOLLOwING dIffErENCEs: THE CUsps Of THE CENTraL TOOTH arE LONGEr; THE LaTEraL TEETH arE mUCH mOrE asymmETrIC IN HavING a dOmINaNT CUsp, aNd ONE OUTEr, aNd TwO INNEr CUsps.
Variation in specimens. Dicharax fimbriatus Is a vEry varIabLE spECIEs IN TErms Of sHELL sIzE, sHELL sHapE (NEarLy fLaT TO sOmEwHaT ELEvaTEd), sHapE Of THE bOdy wHOrL (rOUNdEd TO sLIGHTLy kEELEd), THE sTrENGTH Of THE swELLING ON R2, sCULpTUrE Of R1 (smOOTH, GLOssy Or rIbbEd), aNd THE fOrmaTION Of THE pErIsTOmE (NUmbEr Of kNOTs, OUTEr LIp CrENULaTEd Or NOT), SEE aLsO REmarks aNd TabLE 3.
Differential diagnosis. Dicharax fimbriatus Is a vEry varIabLE spECIEs, bUT IT CaN bE dIsTINGUIsHEd frOm mOsT CONGENErs by THE CrENULaTEd pErIsTOmE, aNd THE sHarp swELLING ON THE mIddLE Of R2. SEE UNdEr D. anthostoma, D. cristatus, D. depressus aNd D. draco n. sp.
Distribution. MOsT kNOwN pOpULaTIONs Of THIs varIabLE spECIEs arE kNOwN frOm NOrTHErN VIETNam, aNd THE CHINEsE GUaNGxI, EasTErN YUNNaN, GUIzHOU aNd sOUTHErN HUNaN. ONE IsOLaTEd LOCaLITy Of THIs spECIEs Is kNOwN IN NOrTHErN SICHUaN PrOvINCE, far NOrTH frOm THE maIN dIsTrIbUTION raNGE. A sINGLE sampLE Is kNOwN frOm LUaNG PrabaNG PrOvINCE (LaOs) (FIGUrE 20).
Remarks. THE CrOss sECTIONaL vIEw Of R2 was ExamINEd IN ONE spECImEN (MAA1, FIGUrEs 38C–D, 68C): aNTErIOr CrUsT fOrms a sIGNIfICaNTLy ELEvaTEd, HOLLOw rIb, wHICH Has a sTrONGEr aNTErIOr aNd wEakEr pOsTErIOr prOjECTION; aNTErIOr CrUsT fOLds sTrONGLy OvEr THE mUCH wEakEr pOsTErIOr CrUsT; pOsTErIOr CrUsT THICk, IT Is aLsO HOLLOw; CrOss sECTIONaL vIEw Of THE mICrOTUNNEL Is TEardrOp-sHapEd, NEarLy rOUNdEd sOmETImEs.
UsUaLLy THErE arE fOUr Or fIvE TrIaNGULar swELLINGs ON THE INNEr waLL Of THE pErIsTOmE rEsULTING IN aN EITHEr INTErNaLLy Or ExTErNaLLy CrENULaTEd pErIsTOmE, wHICH Is CHaraCTErIsTIC fOr Dicharax fimbriatus. RarELy, THErE arE sIx TrIaNGULar swELLINGs INsTEad Of THE UsUaL fIvE (ONE sHELL IN sampLE 20060108A, aNd ONE IN 20060108D, sEE FIGUrE 37). WE INTErprET THE sEvEN smaLL pErIsTOmaL swELLINGs Of THE HOLOTypE Of Chamalycaeus plicilabris multidentatus as a sImILar mULTIpLICaTION. SINCE aLL OTHEr sHELL CHaraCTErs arE sImILar TO THOsE Of Dicharax fimbriatus, wE rEfEr TO C. plicilabris multidentatus as a syNONym Of Alycaeus (Charax) fimbriatus.
description: Published as part of Asami, Takahiro, 2017, Revision of the Alycaeidae of China, Laos and Vietnam (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) I: The genera Dicharax and Metalycaeus, pp. 1-124 in Zootaxa 4331 (1) on pages 54-61, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4331.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1009725