cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: АНАЛИЗ ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТИ НОВОЙ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИЕЙ  РАБОТНИКОВ МЕДИЦИНСКОГО УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ
Creators: name: Петрова, Ольга Владимировна
name: Твердохлебова, Диана Камильевна
name: Смельцова, Екатерина Вячеславовна
name: Курашенко, Ольга Олеговна
Publisher: name: Астраханский государственный медицинский университет
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Проведен анализ заболеваемости новой коронавирусной инфекции у медицинских работников клинико-диагностической лаборатории. Анализ позволил выявить, что все случаи инфекции были внешними, наибольший процент случаев отмечался на 5 «волну». В 38,8 % случаев инфекция протекала с симптомами, и 61,1 % случаев – бессимптомно. В 92,8 % случаев инфекция протекала в виде ОРВИ. Наиболее часто отмечалось повышение температуры, миалгия, артралгия, боль в горле, синусит, кашель, аносмия. Продолжительность симптомов составила: меньше 5 дней была в 35,7 % случае, от 6 до 14 дней – 35,7 % случаев и более 15 дней 28,6 % случаев. В 71,42 % случаев инфекция была диагностирована после вакцинации и ревакцинации.
Ablation Holes in Tape Targets Induced by Ultra-Intense Laser Pulses
Creators: name: Ehret, Michael
name: Apiñaniz, Jon Imanol
name: Henares, Jose Luis
name: Lera, Roberto
name: de Luis, Diego
name: Pérez-Hernández, José Antonio
name: Volpe, Luca
name: Gatti, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical modelling able to predict the dimensions of mm-sized through-holes produced in interactions of the 1 PW high-power 30fs Ti:Sa laser VEGA-3 with tape targets. We find that sizes of through-holes can be calculated by assuming that the full heat transferred from the laser-heated electron population to the target by electron-electron collisions drives the evaporation of target material. We demonstrate the good reproduction of experimental results.
description: Prepared for submission to the proceedings of the 14th European Conference on Accelerators in Applied Research and Technology
Additional file 1 of Physicians’ professionalism from the patients’ perspective: a qualitative study at a single-family practice in Saudi Arabia
Creators: name: AlFaris, Eiad
name: Irfan, Farhana
name: Abouammoh, Noura
name: Zakaria, Nasriah
name: Ahmed, Abdullah MA
name: Kasule, Omar
name: Aldosari, Dina M
name: AlSahli, Nora A
name: Alshibani, Mohammed Ghatar
name: Ponnamperuma, Gominda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File 1: The Focus Group Discussion (FGD) interview guide
IIB matrix model, bosonic master field, and emergent spacetime
Creators: name: Klinkhamer, F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The IIB matrix model has been suggested as a particular formulation of nonperturbative superstring theory (M-theory). It has now been realized that an emerging classical spacetime may reside in its large-$N$ master field. This bosonic master field can, in principle, give rise to Minkowski and Robertson-Walker spacetimes. The outstanding task is to solve the bosonic master-field equation, which is essentially an algebraic equation. In this article, we present new results for the $(D,\,N)=(10,\,4)$ bosonic master-field equation of the IIB matrix model, where $D$ is the number of bosonic matrices and $N$ the matrix size. We also give, in a self-contained appendix, explicit results for critical points of the effective bosonic action. The main physics application of the (dimensionless) IIB matrix model may be in providing a (conformal) phase that replaces the Friedmann big bang singularity.
description: 34 pages, write-up of an invited talk at the "Workshop on Quantum Geometry, Field Theory, and Gravity" of the Corfu Summer Institute, September 20--27, 2021, v5: published version
Multidimensional hyperspin machine
Creators: name: Strinati, Marcello Calvanese
name: Conti, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From condensed matter to quantum chromodynamics, multidimensional spins are a fundamental paradigm, with a pivotal role in combinatorial optimization and machine learning. Machines formed by coupled parametric oscillators can simulate spin models, but only for Ising or low-dimensional spins. Currently, machines implementing arbitrary dimensions remain a challenge. Here, we introduce and validate a hyperspin machine to simulate multidimensional continuous spin models. We realize high-dimensional spins by pumping groups of parametric oscillators, and study NP-hard graphs of hyperspins. The hyperspin machine can interpolate between different dimensions by tuning the coupling topology, a strategy that we call "dimensional annealing". When interpolating between the XY and the Ising model, the dimensional annealing impressively increases the success probability compared to conventional Ising simulators. Hyperspin machines are a new computational model for combinatorial optimization. They can be realized by off-the-shelf hardware for ultrafast, large-scale applications in classical and quantum computing, condensed-matter physics, and fundamental studies.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. This preprint version of the paper is a pre-submission version, which has not undergone peer review. For the published version, please see Nature Communications 13, 7248 (2022)
The Dental Caries Pandemic and Disparities Problem
Creators: name: Edelstein, Burton L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Medical geography
subject: Dental caries
subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medical sciences

description: Understanding caries etiology and distribution is central to understanding potential opportunities for and likely impact of new biotechnologies and biomaterials to reduce the caries burden worldwide. This review asserts the appropriateness of characterizing caries as a "pandemic" and considers static and temporal trend reports of worldwide caries distribution. Oral health disparities within and between countries are related to sugar consumption, fluoride usage, dental care, and social determinants of health. Findings of international and U.S. studies are considered in promoting World Health Organization's and others' recommendations for science-based preventive and disease management interventions at the individual, clinical, public health, and public policy levels.
Radiation statistics of a degenerate parametric oscillator at threshold
Creators: name: Hassler, Fabian
name: Kim, Steven
name: Arndt, Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a function of the driving strength, a degenerate parametric oscillator exhibits an instability at which spontaneous oscillations occur. Close to threshold, both the nonlinearity as well as fluctuations are vital to the accurate description of the dynamics. We study the statistics of the radiation that is emitted by the degenerate parametric oscillator at threshold. For a weak nonlinearity, we can employ a quasiclassical description. We identify a universal Liouvillian that captures the relevant long-time dynamics for large photon-numbers. We find that the cumulants obey a universal power-law scaling as a function of the nonlinearity. The Fano factor shows a maximum close, but not coinciding, with the threshold. Moreover, we predict a certain ratio of the first three cumulants to be independent of the microscopic details of the system and connect the results to experimental platforms.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; Submission to SciPost
Longitudinal Study of Australian Children's Child Health CheckPoint Data User Guide – December 2018
Creators: name: Clifford, Susan
name: Davies, Sarah
name: Gillespie, Alanna
name: Lange, Katherine
name: Wake, Melissa
Publisher: name: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute
Year: 2018
Subjects: Health Sciences

description: This document provides data users with key information about the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children's (LSAC) Child Health CheckPoint study and data. The Data User Guide provides information to assist users understand how and why data were collected (e.g. study methodology and measures descriptions) and navigate the CheckPoint dataset (e.g. variable naming conventions and using quality control flags).
Spatially Coupled Sparse Codes on Graphs - Theory and Practice
Creators: name: Costello,, Daniel J.
name: Dolecek, Lara
name: Fuja, Thomas E.
name: Kliewer, Joerg
name: Mitchell, David G. M.
name: Smarandache, Roxana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Since the discovery of turbo codes 20 years ago and the subsequent re-discovery of low-density parity-check codes a few years later, the field of channel coding has experienced a number of major advances. Up until that time, code designers were usually happy with performance that came within a few decibels of the Shannon Limit, primarily due to implementation complexity constraints, whereas the new coding techniques now allow performance within a small fraction of a decibel of capacity with modest encoding and decoding complexity. Due to these significant improvements, coding standards in applications as varied as wireless mobile transmission, satellite TV, and deep space communication are being updated to incorporate the new techniques. In this paper, we review a particularly exciting new class of low-density parity-check codes, called spatially-coupled codes, which promise excellent performance over a broad range of channel conditions and decoded error rate requirements.
description: Submitted to the IEEE Communications Magazine
Induction of antitumor immunity through xenoplacental immunization
Creators: name: Zhong, Zhaohui
name: Kusznieruk, Kornel
name: Popov, Igor
name: Riordan, Neil
name: Izadi, Hamid
name: Yijian, Li
name: Sher, Salman
name: Szczurko, Orest
name: Agadjanyan, Michael
name: Tullis, Richard
name: Harandi, Amir
name: Reznik, Boris
name: Mamikonyan, Grigor
name: Ichim, Thomas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Cancer vaccines
Placental extracts
Oncology

description: Historically cancer vaccines have yielded suboptimal clinical results. We have developed a novel strategy for eliciting antitumor immunity based upon homology between neoplastic tissue and the developing placenta. Placenta formation shares several key processes with neoplasia, namely: angiogenesis, activation of matrix metalloproteases, and active suppression of immune function. Immune responses against xenoantigens are well known to break self-tolerance. Utilizing xenogeneic placental protein extracts as a vaccine, we have successfully induced anti-tumor immunity against B16 melanoma in C57/BL6 mice, whereas control xenogeneic extracts and B16 tumor extracts where ineffective, or actually promoted tumor growth, respectively. Furthermore, dendritic cells were able to prime tumor immunity when pulsed with the placental xenoantigens. While vaccination-induced tumor regression was abolished in mice depleted of CD4 T cells, both CD4 and CD8 cells were needed to adoptively transfer immunity to naïve mice. Supporting the role of CD8 cells in controlling tumor growth are findings that only freshly isolated CD8 cells from immunized mice were capable of inducing tumor cell caspases-3 activation ex vivo. These data suggest feasibility of using xenogeneic placental preparations as a multivalent vaccine potently targeting not just tumor antigens, but processes that are essential for tumor maintenance of malignant potential.
SeqTR: A Simple yet Universal Network for Visual Grounding
Creators: name: Zhu, Chaoyang
name: Zhou, Yiyi
name: Shen, Yunhang
name: Luo, Gen
name: Pan, Xingjia
name: Lin, Mingbao
name: Chen, Chao
name: Cao, Liujuan
name: Sun, Xiaoshuai
name: Ji, Rongrong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a simple yet universal network termed SeqTR for visual grounding tasks, e.g., phrase localization, referring expression comprehension (REC) and segmentation (RES). The canonical paradigms for visual grounding often require substantial expertise in designing network architectures and loss functions, making them hard to generalize across tasks. To simplify and unify the modeling, we cast visual grounding as a point prediction problem conditioned on image and text inputs, where either the bounding box or binary mask is represented as a sequence of discrete coordinate tokens. Under this paradigm, visual grounding tasks are unified in our SeqTR network without task-specific branches or heads, e.g., the convolutional mask decoder for RES, which greatly reduces the complexity of multi-task modeling. In addition, SeqTR also shares the same optimization objective for all tasks with a simple cross-entropy loss, further reducing the complexity of deploying hand-crafted loss functions. Experiments on five benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed SeqTR outperforms (or is on par with) the existing state-of-the-arts, proving that a simple yet universal approach for visual grounding is indeed feasible. Source code is available at https://github.com/sean-zhuh/SeqTR.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Bose-Einstein condensation in honeycomb dimer magnets and $\rm Yb_2 \rm Si_2 \rm O_7$
Creators: name: Feng, Chunhan
name: Stoudenmire, E. Miles
name: Wietek, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An asymmetric Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) dome was observed in a recent experiment on the quantum dimer magnet $\rm Yb_2Si_2O_7$, which is modeled by a "breathing" honeycomb lattice Heisenberg model with possible anisotropies. We report a remarkable agreement between key experimental features and predictions from numerical simulations of the magnetic model. Both critical fields, as well as critical temperatures of the BEC dome, can be accurately captured, as well as the occurrence of two regimes inside the BEC phase. Furthermore, we investigate the role of anisotropies in the exchange coupling and the $g$-tensor. While we confirm a previous proposal that anisotropy can induce a zero temperature phase transition at magnetic fields smaller than the fully polarizing field strength, we find that this effect becomes negligible at temperatures above the anisotropy scale. Instead, the two regimes inside the BEC dome are found to be due to a non-linear magnetization behavior of the isotropic breathing honeycomb Heisenberg antiferromagnet. Our analysis is performed by combining the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method with the finite-temperature techniques of minimally entangled typical thermal states (METTS) and quantum Monte Carlo (QMC).
title: The Primacy of EU Law: Interpretive, not Structural
Creators: name: Eleftheriadis, Pavlos
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: primacy
subject: pluralism
subject: monism
subject: dualism
subject: interpretation
subject: cosmopolitanism

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2023 8(3), 1255-1291
description: I. Introduction. – II. Defiance. – III. Primacy of what? – IV. Pluralism in action. – V. The incoherence of pluralism. – V.1. Legal systems do not “conflict”. – V.2. Legal systems do not “overlap”. – V.3. Pluralism cannot provide a framework for consensus. – VI. Federal monism. – VII. Social monism. – VIII. Primacy: a pragmatic view. – VIII.1. Europe’s legal order. – VIII.2. MacCormick’s internationalism. – IX. Conclusion: the principle of primacy.
description: A leading position among European Union lawyers is that the primacy of EU law has a “structural” dimension. Under views known as pluralism and monism, many scholars believe that the EU has created a new legal system which either sits next to or, alternatively, above the legal systems of the member states. These views, however, are paradoxical and self-defeating. This is shown when we apply the structural theories to the question of primacy as put by the Polish Constitutional Tribunal in case K 3/21 of 7 October 2021. Neither pluralism nor monism can show that EU law prevails over a state that takes Poland’s defiant position. The correct way of understanding EU law is interpretive, not structural. It is the only way that shows that the Polish Court has acted unlawfully. The EU Treaties have not created a new “legal system”, allegiance to which remains optional. According to the best view of EU law, universally accepted in legal practice although not yet fully by legal theory, EU law is entirely continuous with the established constitutional settlement. The EU treaties are ordinary treaties of international law that create constitutional obligations in the normal way. They create bonds of cosmopolitan reciprocity that each member state is legally obliged to respect. The primacy of EU law is based on our ordinary practices concerning the status and authority of the law of nations.
Experimental quantum adversarial learning with programmable superconducting qubits
Creators: name: Ren, Wenhui
name: Li, Weikang
name: Xu, Shibo
name: Wang, Ke
name: Jiang, Wenjie
name: Jin, Feitong
name: Zhu, Xuhao
name: Chen, Jiachen
name: Song, Zixuan
name: Zhang, Pengfei
name: Dong, Hang
name: Zhang, Xu
name: Deng, Jinfeng
name: Gao, Yu
name: Zhang, Chuanyu
name: Wu, Yaozu
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Guo, Qiujiang
name: Li, Hekang
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Biamonte, Jacob
name: Song, Chao
name: Deng, Dong-Ling
name: Wang, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum computing promises to enhance machine learning and artificial intelligence. Different quantum algorithms have been proposed to improve a wide spectrum of machine learning tasks. Yet, recent theoretical works show that, similar to traditional classifiers based on deep classical neural networks, quantum classifiers would suffer from the vulnerability problem: adding tiny carefully-crafted perturbations to the legitimate original data samples would facilitate incorrect predictions at a notably high confidence level. This will pose serious problems for future quantum machine learning applications in safety and security-critical scenarios. Here, we report the first experimental demonstration of quantum adversarial learning with programmable superconducting qubits. We train quantum classifiers, which are built upon variational quantum circuits consisting of ten transmon qubits featuring average lifetimes of 150 $μ$s, and average fidelities of simultaneous single- and two-qubit gates above 99.94% and 99.4% respectively, with both real-life images (e.g., medical magnetic resonance imaging scans) and quantum data. We demonstrate that these well-trained classifiers (with testing accuracy up to 99%) can be practically deceived by small adversarial perturbations, whereas an adversarial training process would significantly enhance their robustness to such perturbations. Our results reveal experimentally a crucial vulnerability aspect of quantum learning systems under adversarial scenarios and demonstrate an effective defense strategy against adversarial attacks, which provide a valuable guide for quantum artificial intelligence applications with both near-term and future quantum devices.
description: 26 pages, 17 figures, 8 algorithms
The African Millennium Villages
Creators: name: Sanchez, Pedro A.
name: Palm, Cheryl A.
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
name: Denning, Glenn L.
name: Flor, David Rafael
name: Harawa, Rebbie
name: Jama, Bashir
name: Kiflemariam, Tsegazeab
name: Konecky, Bronwen
name: Kozar, Raffaela
name: Lelerai, Eliud
name: Malik, Alia
name: Mutuo, Patrick
name: Niang, Amadou
name: Okoth, Herine
name: Place, Frank
name: Sachs, Sonia Ehrlich
name: Said, Amir
name: Siriri, David
name: Teklehaimanot, Awash
name: Wang, Karen
name: Wangila, Justine
name: Zamba, Colleen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Sustainable development--Economic aspects
Sustainable development--Planning
Public-private sector cooperation
Investments, Developing country
Rural development projects--Citizen participation
Rural development projects--Health aspects
Sustainable development--Citizen participation
Sustainability

description: We describe the concept, strategy and initial results of the Millennium Villages Project (MVP) and implications regarding sustainability and scalability. Our underlying hypothesis is that the interacting crises of agriculture, health, and infrastructure in rural Africa can be overcome through targeted public-sector investments to raise rural productivity, and thereby to increased private-sector saving and investments. This is carried out by empowering impoverished communities with science-based interventions. 78 Millennium Villages have been initiated in 12 sites in 10 African countries, each representing a major agroecological zone In early results, the research villages in Kenya, Ethiopia and Malawi have reduced malaria prevalence, met caloric requirements, generated crop surpluses, enabled school feeding programs, and provided cash earnings for farm families.
Optimization of the closed-loop controller of a discontinuous capsule drive using a neural network
Creators: name: Zarychta, Sandra
name: Balcerzak, Marek
name: Denysenko, Volodymyr
name: Stefanski, Andrzej
name: Dabrowski, Artur
name: Lenci, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, construction of a neural-network based, closed-loop control of a discontinuous capsule drive is analyzed. The foundation of the designed controller is an optimized open-loop control function. A neural network is used to determine the dependence between the open-loop controller's output and the system's state. Robustness of the neural controller with respect to variation of parameters of the controlled system is analyzed and compared with the original, optimized open-loop control. It is expected that the presented method can facilitate construction of closed-loop controllers of systems, for which other methods are not effective, such as non-smooth or discontinuous ones.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Meccanica, Special Issue on Self-Propelled Robots: from Theory to Applications
Situating Local Knowledge Within Development Agenda: Some Reflections
Creators: name: Kolawole, Toyin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Partnership
subject: Community development--Information services
subject: Rural development
subject: Regional planning
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cultural property--Protection

description: The paper endeavors to personify development and shows the multi-dimensionality of the concept. It argues against the power relations influencing knowledge production while attempting to shed light on what knowledge is all about. It provides a range of definitions of local knowledge (LK), presents its stages of production and expressly buttresses the importance of LK in the agenda-setting for development initiatives. The paper also argues that the framing and labeling of LK and its custodians by outsider-professionals in connivance with their insider-expert colleagues have been one of the challenges to placing a premium on local knowledge within the development agenda. While emphasizing the need for stakeholders’ partnership to enable working towards congruence in the midst of chaos and order, the paper calls for a more eclectic approach and reflexivity amongst development experts when drawing the agenda for development programs. It also advocates for the codification and teaching of local knowledge in Universities and Colleges.
Transient stimulated emission from multi-split-gated graphene structure
Creators: name: Satou, A.
name: Vasko, F. T.
name: Otsuji, T.
name: Mitin, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanism of transient population inversion in graphene with multi-splitted (interdigitated) top-gate and grounded back gate is suggested and examined for the mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectral region. Efficient stimulated emission after fast lateral spreading of carriers due to drift-diffusion processes is found for the case of a slow electron-hole recombination in the passive region. We show that with the large gate-to-graphene distance the drift process always precedes the diffusion process, due to the ineffective screening of the inplane electric field by the gates. Conditions for lasing with a gain above 100 cm$^{-1}$ are found for cases of single- and multi-layer graphene placed in the waveguide formed by the top and back gates. Both the waveguide losses and temperature effects are analyzed.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 2 of Organizational resilience in healthcare: a review and descriptive narrative synthesis of approaches to resilience measurement and assessment in empirical studies
Creators: name: Ignatowicz, Agnieszka
name: Tarrant, Carolyn
name: Mannion, Russell
name: El-Sawy, Dena
name: Conroy, Simon
name: Lasserson, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Appendix. Characteristics of included studies.
title: Das politische Sonnenmicroscop; [1848]
title: vergrössert 1,60000 00 mal : Aufgepaßt meine Herren und Damen! Ein klein wenig Salz, und alle diese Confusionsthierchen verschwinden, sie lösen sich auf, sie werden zu nichts.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Veit, Philipp
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Zeichner ermittelt
How to sell a room without a view?
Creators: name: REINSTRA, Sjoerd
name: DE GROOT, Niels
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: The locks and bridges of a large seaport are locally operated. A consortium of Human Factors engineers, installers and simulator engineers investigated the possibility of operating the locks and bridges from a remote control room, supported by CCTV. The end users (lock operators and bridge operators), participated in the design process but they had serious objections and considered the project as an unrealistic option.
The main question in this case study is: how can HF engineers meaningful cooperate with end users in a design process when the end users are not motivated for the futur situation? Another question concerns the number and locations of CCTV camera’s needed for remote control.
Relational coordination is associated with productivity in general practice: a survey and register based study
Creators: name: LUNDSTRØM, Sanne Lykke
name: EDWARDS, Kasper
name: REVENTLOW, Susanne
name: SØNDERGAARD, Jens
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: In this paper we investigate the association between relational coordination among the practice team in general practice and number of consultations performed in a general practice per staff, i.e. a proxy of productivity. We measured relational coordination using the Relational Coordination Survey and combined the results with register data. We found that relational coordination was statistically significant associated with number of consultation per staff per year. We later divided consultations in to three types: Face-to-face, Email and phone consultations. We found a statistically significant associating between relational coordination and with number of face-to-face consultation per staff per year.
Effects of galactic magnetic field on the UHECR correlation studies with starburst galaxies
Creators: name: Higuchi, Ryo
name: Sako, Takashi
name: Fujii, Toshihiro
name: Kawata, Kazumasa
name: Kido, Eiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the biases caused by the coherent deflection of cosmic rays due to the Galactic magnetic field (GMF) in maximum-likelihood analysis for searches of ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) sources in the literature. We simulate mock event datasets with a set of assumptions for the starburst galaxy (SBG) source model (arXiv:1801.06160), coherent deflection by a GMF model (arXiv:1204.3662,arXiv:1210.7820), and mixed-mass composition (arXiv:1901.03338); we then conduct a maximum-likelihood analysis without accounting for the GMF in the same manner as previous studies. We find that the anisotropic fraction $f_{\rm ani}$ is estimated systematically lower than the true value. We estimate the true parameters which are compatible with the best-fit parameters reported in (arXiv:1801.06160), and find that except for a narrow region with a large anisotropic fraction and small separation angular scale a wide parameter space is still compatible with the experimental results. We also develop a maximum-likelihood method that takes into account the GMF model and confirm in the MC simulations that we can estimate the true parameters within a 1$σ$ contour under the ideal condition that we know the event-by-event mass and the GMF.
Glucose testing and insufficient follow-up of abnormal results: a cohort study
Creators: name: Kern, Lisa
name: Callahan, Mark
name: Brillon, David
name: Vargas, Maryelena
name: Mushlin, Alvin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Blood sugar--Testing
subject: Diabetes--Diagnosis
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Medical sciences

description: Background: More than 6 million Americans have undiagnosed diabetes. Several national organizations endorse screening for diabetes by physicians, but actual practice is poorly understood. Our objectives were to measure the rate, the predictors and the results of glucose testing in primary care, including rates of follow-up for abnormal values.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 301 randomly selected patients with no known diabetes who received care at a large academic general internal medicine practice in New York City. Using medical records, we collected patients' baseline characteristics in 1999 and followed patients through the end of 2002 for all glucose tests ordered. We used multivariate logistic regression to measure associations between diabetes risk factors and the odds of glucose testing.

Results: Three-fourths of patients (78%) had at least 1 glucose test ordered. Patient age (≥45 vs. <45 years), non-white ethnicity, family history of diabetes and having more primary care visits were each independently associated with having at least 1 glucose test ordered (p < 0.05), whereas hypertension and hyperlipidemia were not. Fewer than half of abnormal glucose values were followed up by the patients' physicians.

Conclusion: Although screening for diabetes appears to be common and informed by diabetes risk factors, abnormal values are frequently not followed up. Interventions are needed to trigger identification and further evaluation of abnormal glucose tests.
A posteriori learning for quasi-geostrophic turbulence parametrization
Creators: name: Frezat, Hugo
name: Sommer, Julien Le
name: Fablet, Ronan
name: Balarac, Guillaume
name: Lguensat, Redouane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of machine learning to build subgrid parametrizations for climate models is receiving growing attention. State-of-the-art strategies address the problem as a supervised learning task and optimize algorithms that predict subgrid fluxes based on information from coarse resolution models. In practice, training data are generated from higher resolution numerical simulations transformed in order to mimic coarse resolution simulations. By essence, these strategies optimize subgrid parametrizations to meet so-called $\textit{a priori}$ criteria. But the actual purpose of a subgrid parametrization is to obtain good performance in terms of $\textit{a posteriori}$ metrics which imply computing entire model trajectories. In this paper, we focus on the representation of energy backscatter in two dimensional quasi-geostrophic turbulence and compare parametrizations obtained with different learning strategies at fixed computational complexity. We show that strategies based on $\textit{a priori}$ criteria yield parametrizations that tend to be unstable in direct simulations and describe how subgrid parametrizations can alternatively be trained end-to-end in order to meet $\textit{a posteriori}$ criteria. We illustrate that end-to-end learning strategies yield parametrizations that outperform known empirical and data-driven schemes in terms of performance, stability and ability to apply to different flow configurations. These results support the relevance of differentiable programming paradigms for climate models in the future.
description: 42 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems (JAMES)
Reversal of Solvent Migration in Poroelastic Folds
Creators: name: Flapper, Mees M.
name: Pandey, Anupam
name: Karpitschka, Stefan
name: Snoeijer, Jacco H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polymer networks and biological tissues are often swollen by a solvent, such that their properties emerge from a coupling between swelling and elastic stress. This poroelastic coupling becomes particularly intricate in wetting, adhesion, and creasing, for which sharp folds appear that can even lead to phase separation. Here we resolve the singular nature of poroelastic surface folds and determine the solvent distribution in the vicinity of the fold-tip. Surprisingly, two opposite scenarios emerge depending on the angle of the fold. In obtuse folds such as creases, it is found that the solvent is completely expelled near the crease-tip, according to a nontrivial spatial distribution. For wetting ridges with acute fold angles, the solvent migration is reversed as compared to creasing, and the degree of swelling is maximal at the fold-tip. We discuss how our poroelastic fold-analysis offers an explanation for phase separation, fracture and contact angle hysteresis.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, supplementary material attached as anciliary file
Order by Disorder Spin Wave Gap in the XY Pyrochlore Magnet Er2Ti2O7
Creators: name: Ross, K. A.
name: Qiu, Y.
name: Copley, J. R. D.
name: Dabkowska, H. A.
name: Gaulin, B. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent determination of a robust spin Hamiltonian for the anti-ferromagnetic XY pyrochlore Er2Ti2O7 reveals a most convincing case of the "order by quantum disorder" (ObQD) mechanism for ground state selection. This mechanism relies on quantum fluctuations to remove an accidental symmetry of the magnetic ground state, and selects a particular ordered spin structure below T_N=1.2K. The removal of the continuous degeneracy results in an energy gap in the spectrum of spin wave excitations, long wavelength pseudo-Goldstone modes. We have measured the ObQD spin wave gap at a zone center in Er2Ti2O7, using low incident energy neutrons and the time-of-flight inelastic scattering method. We report a gap of Delta =0.053 +/- 0.006 meV, which is consistent with upper bounds placed on it from heat capacity measurements and roughly consistent with theoretical estimate of ~ 0.02 meV, further validating the spin Hamiltonian that led to that prediction. The gap is observed to vary with square of the order parameter, and goes to zero for T ~ T_N.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Multi-spacecraft Analysis of the Properties of Magnetohydrodynamic Fluctuations in Sub-Alfvénic Solar Wind Turbulence at 1 AU
Creators: name: Zhao, S. Q.
name: Yan, Huirong
name: Liu, Terry Z.
name: Liu, Mingzhe
name: Wang, Huizi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present three-dimensional magnetic power spectra in wavevector space to investigate anisotropy and scalings of sub-Alfvénic solar wind turbulence at magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) scale using the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft. The magnetic power distributions are organized in a new coordinate determined by wavevectors (k) and background magnetic field ($b_0$) in Fourier space. This study utilizes two approaches to determine wavevectors: singular value decomposition method and timing analysis. The combination of the two methods allows an examination of magnetic field properties in terms of mode compositions without any spatiotemporal hypothesis. Observations show that fluctuations ($δB_{\perp1}$) in the direction perpendicular to k and $b_0$ prominently cascade perpendicular to $b_0$, and such anisotropy increases with wavenumber. The reduced power spectra of $δB_{\perp1}$ follow Goldreich-Sridhar scalings: $P(k_\perp)\sim k_\perp^{-5/3}$ and $P(k_{||}) \sim k_{||}^{-2}$. In contrast, fluctuations within $kb_0$ plane show isotropic behaviors: perpendicular power distributions are approximately the same as parallel distributions. The reduced power spectra of fluctuations within $kb_0$ plane follow the scalings: $P(k_\perp)\sim k_\perp^{-3/2}$ and $P(k_{||})\sim k_{||}^{-3/2}$. Comparing frequency-wavevector spectra with theoretical dispersion relations of MHD modes, we find that $δB_{\perp1}$ are probably associated with Alfven modes. Moreover, for the Alfvénic component, the ratio of cascading time to the wave period is found to be a factor of a few, consistent with critical balance in the strong turbulence regime. The magnetic field fluctuations within $kb_0$ plane more likely originate from fast modes based on isotropic behaviors.
description: 24 pages; 11 Figures; ApJ accepted
An Institutional Analysis of the Resource Curse in Africa: Lessons for Ghana
Creators: name: King, Richard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Resource curse
subject: Natural resources--Management--International cooperation
subject: Natural resources—Management
subject: Africans
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The experience of oil producing countries in Africa has largely been a negative one, with development indicators suffering as a resource curse takes effect. This article examines the role that institutions will play in preventing Ghana from falling victim to the curse of oil following its discovery of off-shore oil in 2007. It draws upon the experiences of two other African nations with off-shore oil reserves, Angola and Gabon, to highlight the potential dangers that Ghana faces in managing its oil resources. The analysis is based around the role that oil can play in breaking down formal mechanisms for guaranteeing accountability between state and society and promoting instead discretionary forms of governance that operate along neo-patrimonial lines. The leading role that Ghana’s highly developed civil society must take in preventing this from happening is stressed. More broadly, the article seeks to understand the internal dynamics of resource management in African states, arguing that this should serve as the departure point for future interactions between resource-rich African countries and external forces. The article will conclude by emphasizing the importance of Ghana’s building upon its success as a model for democracy in Africa by also acting as a leader in resource management on the continent.
Efficient Reconstruction of Stochastic Pedigrees: Some Steps From Theory to Practice
Creators: name: Mossel, Elchanan
name: Vulakh, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In an extant population, how much information do extant individuals provide on the pedigree of their ancestors? Recent work by Kim, Mossel, Ramnarayan and Turner (2020) studied this question under a number of simplifying assumptions, including random mating, fixed length inheritance blocks and sufficiently large founding population. They showed that under these conditions if the average number of offspring is a sufficiently large constant, then it is possible to recover a large fraction of the pedigree structure and genetic content by an algorithm they named REC-GEN. We are interested in studying the performance of REC-GEN on simulated data generated according to the model. As a first step, we improve the running time of the algorithm. However, we observe that even the faster version of the algorithm does not do well in any simulations in recovering the pedigree beyond 2 generations. We claim that this is due to the inbreeding present in any setting where the algorithm can be run, even on simulated data. To support the claim we show that a main step of the algorithm, called ancestral reconstruction, performs accurately in a idealized setting with no inbreeding but performs poorly in random mating populations. To overcome the poor behavior of REC-GEN we introduce a Belief-Propagation based heuristic that accounts for the inbreeding and performs much better in our simulations.
description: To appear in PSB 2023
Evaluation of the NZAID Project
Creators: name: Freeman, Scarlett Lopez
name: Lee, Seung Bok
name: Ngo, Katrina
name: Vasudevan, Veena
name: Wu, Diana
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Watershed management
Quality of products--Evaluation
International Institute of Rural Reconstruction
Natural resources—Management
Sustainability

description: Evaluation of “Institutionalizing Community–Based Integrated Watershed Management within Local Government Units in the Bicol Region, Philippines: Scaling Up and Sustaining Capacity–Building Outcomes at Local Level” for the IIRR BICOL Program
New degrees of freedom for differential forms on cubical meshes
Creators: name: Lohi, Jonni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider new degrees of freedom for higher order differential forms on cubical meshes. The approach is inspired by the idea of Rapetti and Bossavit to define higher order Whitney forms and their degrees of freedom using small simplices. We show that higher order differential forms on cubical meshes can be defined analogously using small cubes and prove that these small cubes yield unisolvent degrees of freedom. Significantly, this approach is compatible with discrete exterior calculus and expands the framework to cover higher order methods on cubical meshes, complementing the earlier strategy based on simplices.
description: Included a proof of the exact sequence property (Remark 4.2) and updated formatting
GAD and Gender Mainstreaming: A Pathway to Sustainable Development?
Creators: name: Brenner, Alletta
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Gender mainstreaming
Women in sustainable development
Women in development
Gender identity
Sex role
Social structure
Sustainability

description: In recent years there has been increased attention to the importance of gender in securing long-term development goals. Consensus has now been reached that increasing the social status and economic capacity of women is an effective way of improving outcomes. The subject of this paper is the viability of the ‘Gender and Development’ (GAD) paradigm as a means of establishing socially and politically sustainable gains for women in developing countries. The author examines the GAD paradigm using the case study of ‘Gender Mainstreaming’ in the reconstruction and development of Afghanistan since 2001. Through an analysis of some of the problems encountered so far, the author questions whether such an approach is likely to actually result in long-term, sustainable improvement in that country. Three key issues include: marginalization of ‘Gender Mainstreaming’; lack of state capacity; and failures to fully integrate programs into social and cultural contexts. Though reconstruction efforts have clearly resulted in some improvement, it is argued that it is unclear whether such an approach will lead to long-term progress. Rather, there is strong evidence that GAD can actually contribute to the further politicization of gender and result in a backlash against reforms. Ultimately, the goals that the GAD paradigm attempts to achieve are extremely difficult to translate into effective practice, especially in highly volatile and politicized situations. In conclusion, the author finds that sustainable and transformative change may be elusive if one simply applies new aims to old models of aid provision.
SBC_Scopus Journal_IJAST_14456-Article Text.pdf
Creators: name: Sudeep B Chandramana
name: S S Saji
name: N Ramasamy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90507 Transport Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 91007 Manufacturing Robotics and Mechatronics (excl. Automotive Mechatronics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91006 Manufacturing Processes and Technologies (excl. Textiles)
subject: 150503 Marketing Management (incl. Strategy and Customer Relations)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150106 Sustainability Accounting and Reporting
subject: 150309 Logistics and Supply Chain Management

description: Over the last decade, automobiles have become an increasingly essential element in any socioeconomicenvironment. In this regard, the automotive industry plays a major role in both economicand societal values for both developed and developing countries. Automotive industries hence haveall the more reason to adapt sustainability while facing pressures from various sources. WithSustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM), more companies have benefited from trying to adaptsustainability in their practices. However, there are still many challenges associated withsustainability in terms of understanding and implementation of sustainability drivers in measuringsustainability. The present study focuses on explaining the influences of these drivers in automobileindustries and the influences of them over each other through an index using permanent function.This article contains the literature review on SSCM drivers, the methods employed in this study,problem formulation and framework for measuring sustainability and the proposed methodology forassessing sustainability. The results, inferences and discussions on future scope of the present studyare discussed in concluding part of the article..