cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Geometric deep learning reveals the spatiotemporal fingerprint of microscopic motion
Creators: name: Pineda, Jesús
name: Midtvedt, Benjamin
name: Bachimanchi, Harshith
name: Noé, Sergio
name: Midtvedt, Daniel
name: Volpe, Giovanni
name: Manzo, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The characterization of dynamical processes in living systems provides important clues for their mechanistic interpretation and link to biological functions. Thanks to recent advances in microscopy techniques, it is now possible to routinely record the motion of cells, organelles, and individual molecules at multiple spatiotemporal scales in physiological conditions. However, the automated analysis of dynamics occurring in crowded and complex environments still lags behind the acquisition of microscopic image sequences. Here, we present a framework based on geometric deep learning that achieves the accurate estimation of dynamical properties in various biologically-relevant scenarios. This deep-learning approach relies on a graph neural network enhanced by attention-based components. By processing object features with geometric priors, the network is capable of performing multiple tasks, from linking coordinates into trajectories to inferring local and global dynamic properties. We demonstrate the flexibility and reliability of this approach by applying it to real and simulated data corresponding to a broad range of biological experiments.
description: 17 pages, 5 figure, 2 supplementary figures
Critical adsorption controls translocation of polymer chains through lipid bilayers and permeation of solvent
Creators: name: Sommer, Jens-Uwe
name: Werner, Marco
name: Baulin, Vladimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monte Carlo simulations using an explicit solvent model indicate a new pathway for translocation of a polymer chain through a lipid bilayer. We consider a polymer chain composed of repeat units with a given hydrophobicity and a coarse-grained model of a lipid bilayer in the self-organized liquid state. By varying the degree of hydrophobicity the chain undergoes an adsorption transition with respect to the lipid bilayer. Close to the transition point, at a properly balanced hydrophobicity of the chain, the membrane becomes transparent with respect to the chain. At the same time the solvent permeability of the bilayer is strongly increased in the region close to adsorbed chain. Our results indicate that the critical point of adsorption of the polymer chain interacting with the fluctuating lipid bilayer could play a key role for the translocation of molecules though biological membranes.
description: published in EPL
Do we observe fluctuation of cross section in cosmic rays ?
Creators: name: Wilk, Grzegorz
name: Wlodarczyk, Zbigniew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known from some time that to explain some apparently {\it exotic events} observed in cosmic ray experiments, a deeply penetrating component in cosmic rays is needed, which, in turn, leads frequently to the nonexponential distributions of some observables. We argue that such unexpected behavior of some cosmic rays data can be most naturally explained by attributing them to the possible fluctuations of cross sections.
description: Poster presented at 32nd International Cosmic Ray Conference, Beijing 2011, to be published in conference materials
Silicon Layer Intercalation of Centimeter-Scale, Epitaxially-Grown Monolayer Graphene on Ru(0001)
Creators: name: Mao, Jinhai
name: Huang, Li
name: Pan, Yi
name: Gao, Min
name: He, Junfeng
name: Zhou, Haitao
name: Guo, Haiming
name: Tian, Yuan
name: Zou, Qiang
name: Zhang, Lizhi
name: Zhang, Haigang
name: Wang, Yeliang
name: Du, Shixuan
name: Zhou, Xingjiang
name: Neto, A. H. Castro
name: Gao, Hong-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a strategy for graphene growth on Ru(0001) followed by silicon-layer intercalation that not only weakens the interaction of graphene with the metal substrate but also retains its superlative properties. This G/Si/Ru architecture, produced by silicon-layer intercalation approach (SIA), was characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and angle resolved electron photoemission spectroscopy. These experiments show high structural and electronic qualities of this new composite. The SIA allows for an atomic control of the distance between the graphene and the metal substrate that can be used as a top gate. Our results show potential for the next generation of graphene-based materials with tailored properties.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Appl. Phys. Lett
Towards Bright Gamma-Ray Flash Generation From Tailored Target Irradiated by Multi-Petawatt Laser
Creators: name: Hadjisolomou, Prokopis
name: Jeong, Tae Moon
name: Bulanov, Sergei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the remarkable phenomena in the laser-matter interaction is the extremely efficient energy transfer to $γ$-photons, that appears as a collimated $γ$-ray beam. For interactions of realistic laser pulses with matter, existence of a background field plays a crucial role, since it hits the target prior to the main pulse arrival, leading to a cloud of preplasma and drilling a narrow channel inside the target. These effects significantly alter the process of $γ$-photon generation. Here, we study this process by importing the outcome of magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the target interaction into particle-in-cell simulations for describing the $γ$-photon generation. It is seen that the background field effect plays an important positive role, enhancing the efficiency of laser pulse coupling with the target, and generating high energy electron-positron pairs. It is expected that such a $γ$-photon source will be actively used in various applications in nuclear photonics, material science and astrophysical processes modeling.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Local available quantum correlations of non-symmetric X states
Creators: name: Bellorin, David
name: Albrecht, Hermann
name: Mundarain, Douglas F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local available quantum correlations (LAQC), as defined by Mundarain et al., are analyzed for non-symmetric 2-qubit X states, that is, X-states that are not invariant under the exchange of subsystems and therefore have local Bloch vectors whose norms are different. A simple analytic expression for their LAQC quantifier is obtained. As an example, we analyze the local application of the amplitude damping channel for Werner states and general X states. Although this local quantum channel can create quantum discord in some cases, no such outcome is possible for LAQC, which hints toward their monotonicity under LOCC operations. This work, along with our previous result for so-called symmetric and anti-symmetric X states, completes the pursuit of exact analytical expressions for the LAQC quantifier for 2-qubit X states.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, and 1 appendix
A dynamical approach to nonhomogeneous spectra
Creators: name: Li, Jian
name: Liang, XianJuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B20, 37B05, 05D10

description: Let $α>0$ and $0<γ<1$. Define $g_{α,γ}\colon \mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{N}_0$ by $g_{α,γ}(n)=\lfloor nα+γ\rfloor$, where $\lfloor x \rfloor$ is the largest integer less than or equal to $x$. The set $g_{α,γ}(\mathbb{N})=\{g_{α,γ}(n)\colon n\in\mathbb{N}\}$ is called the $γ$-nonhomogeneous spectrum of $α$. By extension, the functions $g_{α,γ}$ are referred to as spectra. In 1996, Bergelson, Hindman and Kra showed that the functions $g_{α,γ}$ preserve some largeness of subsets of $\mathbb{N}$, that is, if a subset $A$ of $\mathbb{N}$ is an IP-set, a central set, an IP$^*$-set, or a central$^*$-set, then $g_{α,γ}(A)$ is the corresponding object for all $α>0$ and $0<γ<1$. In 2012, Hindman and Johnson extended this result to include several other notions of largeness: C-sets, J-sets, strongly central sets, and piecewise syndetic sets. We adopt a dynamical approach to this issue and build a correspondence between the preservation of spectra and the lift property of suspension. As an application, we give a unified proof of some known results and also obtain some new results.
description: 14 pages. The formal version has been published in Fund. Math
Monte Carlo tuning in the presence of Matching
Creators: name: Cooper, B.
name: Katzy, J.
name: Mangano, M. L.
name: Messina, A.
name: Mijovic, L.
name: Skands, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the impact of varying alpha_s choices (and scales) on each side of the so-called "matching scale" in MLM-matched matrix-element + parton-shower predictions of collider observables. We explain how inconsistent prescriptions can lead to counter-intuitive results and present a few explicit examples, focusing mostly on W/Z + jets processes. We give a specific prescription for how to improve the consistency of the matching and also address how to perform consistent tune variations (e.g., of the renormalization scale) around a central choice. Comparisons to several collider processes are included to illustrate the properties of the resulting improved matching, relying on Alpgen+Pythia6, with the latter using the so-called Perugia 2011 tunes, developed as part of this effort.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures
Why it Remains Challenging to Assess Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Brecker, Kathrin
name: Lins, Sebastian
name: Sunyaev, Ali
Publisher: name: University of Hawaii
Year: 2023
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence
Assessment
Challenges

description: Artificial Intelligence (AI) assessment to mitigate risks arising from biased, unreliable, or regulatory non-compliant systems remains an open challenge for researchers, policymakers, and organizations across industries. Due to the scattered nature of research on AI across disciplines, there is a lack of overview on the challenges that need to be overcome to move AI assessment forward. In this study, we synthesize existing research on AI assessment applying a descriptive literature review. Our study reveals seven challenges along three main categories: ethical implications, regulatory gaps, and technical limitations. This study contributes to a better understanding of the challenges in AI assessment so that AI researchers and practitioners can resolve these challenges to move AI assessment forward.
Picometer Registration of Zinc Impurity States in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d for Phase Determination in Intra-unit-cell Fourier Transform STM
Creators: name: Hamidian, Mohammad H.
name: Firmo, Inês A.
name: Fujita, Kazuhiro
name: Mukhopadhyay, Sourin
name: Orenstein, Joseph W.
name: Eisaki, Hiroshi
name: Uchida, Shin-Ichi
name: Lawler, Michael J.
name: Kim, Eun-Ah
name: Davis, J. C. Séamus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct visualization of electronic-structure symmetry within each crystalline unit cell is a new technique for complex electronic matter research. By studying the Bragg peaks in Fourier transforms of electronic structure images, and particularly by resolving both the real and imaginary components of the Bragg amplitudes, distinct types of intra-unit cell symmetry breaking can be studied. However, establishing the precise symmetry point of each unit cell in real space is crucial in defining the phase for such Bragg-peak Fourier analysis. Exemplary of this challenge is the high temperature superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d for which the surface Bi atom locations are observable, while it is the invisible Cu atoms that define the relevant CuO2 unit-cell symmetry point. Here we demonstrate, by imaging with picometer precision the electronic impurity states at individual Zn atoms substituted at Cu sites, that the phase established using the Bi lattice produces a ~2% (2pi) error relative to the actual Cu lattice. Such a phase assignment error would not diminish reliability in the determination of intra-unit-cell rotational symmetry breaking at the CuO2 plane. Moreover, this type of impurity atom substitution at the relevant symmetry site can be of general utility in phase determination for Bragg-peak Fourier analysis of intra-unit-cell symmetry.
description: Main article + figures, Supplementary Data + Figures; accepted to New Journal of Physics
Inteligencia artificial y objetivos del desarrollo sostenible
Creators: name: MOLINA BUSTOS, FRANCISCO FABIANY
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: El documento "Inteligencia Artificial y los Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible" explora las diversas formas en que la IA puede contribuir al logro de los ODS. Se analizan aplicaciones de la IA en áreas como la gestión de recursos naturales, la atención médica, los sistemas financieros, la educación y el transporte, destacando su potencial para mejorar la eficiencia, la precisión y la toma de decisiones. El documento también examina cómo la IA puede ser utilizada para abordar desafíos específicos relacionados con la pobreza, el hambre, la salud, la educación, la igualdad de género, el agua y el saneamiento, la energía, el trabajo decente y el crecimiento económico. Se enfatiza la importancia de una implementación responsable y ética de la IA, así como la necesidad de abordar los desafíos relacionados con la privacidad, la seguridad y la equidad. En general, el documento presenta una visión optimista del potencial de la IA para impulsar el desarrollo sostenible, al tiempo que reconoce la necesidad de una cuidadosa consideración de sus implicaciones sociales, económicas y éticas.
title: Memory and self-representation in the works of Jorge Semprún
Creators: name: Omlor, Daniela
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02wn5qz54
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011

description: Jorge Semprún’s work is the fruit of an incarceration in the concentration camp of Buchenwald as a resistance fighter and his expulsion from the Partido Comunista Español in 1964. Due to these biographical circumstances, many critical literary studies to date limit the discussion of his works to the autobiographical and the realm of Holocaust studies. Together with the texts that do not fit adequately into this categories, his self-identification as a Spanish exile has up to now been neglected. The present thesis aims to provide a more global view of his oeuvre by extending the literary analyses to texts that have deserved little critical attention. In order to achieve this, it investigates the role played by memory and self-representation in a variety of works by Semprún. Aspects connected to memory such as exile and nostalgia, the Holocaust, the interplay between memory and writing, politics and collective memory, postmemory and identity are examined by means of a detailed analysis of the selected works and are discussed thematically. Differences in genre are discarded for the discussion and interconnections between the various narratives are highlighted. With the help of memory and trauma theories, we come to the conclusion that memory is the overarching principle of Semprún’s writing and that he invests it with an aesthetic and ethical value which is interpreted as the justification for his devotion to writing.
From light to mass: accessing the initial and present-day Galactic globular cluster mass functions
Creators: name: Bonatto, Charles
name: Bica, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The initial and present-day mass functions (ICMF and PDMF, respectively) of the Galactic globular clusters (GCs) are constructed based on their observed luminosities, the stellar evolution and dynamical mass-loss processes, and the mass-to-light ratio (MLR). Under these conditions, a Schechter-like ICMF is evolved for approximately a Hubble time and converted into the luminosity function (LF), which requires finding the values of 5 free parameters: the mean GC age (\tA), the dissolution timescale of a $10^5 \ms$ cluster ($τ_5$), the exponential truncation mass (\mc) and 2 MLR parametrising constants. This is achieved by minimising the residuals between the evolved and observed LFs, with the minimum residuals and realistic parameters obtained with MLRs that increase with luminosity (or mass). The optimum PMDFs indicate a total stellar mass of $\sim4\times10^7$ \ms\ still bound to GCs, representing $\sim15%$ of the mass in clusters at the beginning of the gas-free evolution. The corresponding ICMFs resemble the scale-free MFs of young clusters and molecular clouds observed in the local Universe, while the PDMFs follow closely a lognormal distribution with a turnover at $\mto\sim7\times10^4$\,\ms. For most of the GC mass range, we find an MLR lower than usually adopted, which explains the somewhat low \mto. Our results confirm that the MLR increases with cluster mass (or luminosity), and suggest that GCs and young clusters share a common origin in terms of physical processes related to formation.
description: Accepted by MNRAS
Manganese evolution in Omega Centauri: a clue to the cluster formation mechanisms?
Creators: name: Romano, Donatella
name: Cescutti, Gabriele
name: Matteucci, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the evolution of manganese relative to iron in the progenitor system of the globular cluster Omega Centauri by means of a self-consistent chemical evolution model. We use stellar yields that already reproduce the measurements of [Mn/Fe] versus [Fe/H] in Galactic field disc and halo stars, in Galactic bulge stars and in the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy. We compare our model predictions to the Mn abundances measured in a sample of 10 red giant members and 6 subgiant members of Omega Cen. The low values of [Mn/Fe] observed in a few, metal-rich stars of the sample cannot be explained in the framework of our standard, homogeneous chemical evolution model. Introducing cooling flows that selectively bring to the cluster core only the ejecta from specific categories of stars does not help to heal the disagreement with the observations. The capture of field stars does not offer a viable explanation either. The observed spread in the data and the lowest [Mn/Fe] values could, in principle, be understood if the system experienced inhomogeneous chemical evolution. Such an eventuality is qualitatively discussed in the present paper. However, more measurements of Mn in Omega Cen stars are needed to settle the issue of Mn evolution in this cluster.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Onboarding to EOSC Portal introduction slide set for PolicyCLOUD
Creators: name: Ferreiro, Montserrat Gonzalez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: PolicyCLOUD, EOSC, EOSC Portal, EOSC resource provider

description: This presentation slide set is a first stop for any organisation interested in becoming a European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) resource provider. We will see what are the key components of EOSC, the benefits to onboard Providers and Resources to the EOSC Portal, what is the criteria to be validated as a resource provider, and links to additional step by step instructions to complete your onboarding as a resource provider.
When is the Haar measure a Pietsch measure for nonlinear mappings?
Creators: name: Botelho, G.
name: Pellegrino, D.
name: Rueda, P.
name: Santos, J.
name: Seoane-Sepúlveda, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that, as in the linear case, the normalized Haar measure on a compact topological group $G$ is a Pietsch measure for nonlinear summing mappings on closed translation invariant subspaces of $C(G)$. This answers a question posed to the authors by J. Diestel. We also show that our result applies to several well-studied classes of nonlinear summing mappings. In the final section some problems are proposed.
Product-related deceptive information practices in B2C e-commerce : formation, outcomes, and detection
Creators: name: Xiao, Bo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: With the rapid growth of e-commerce, online fraud and deception are also on the rise. However, compared to the rising public sensitivity to e-commerce deception, the academic research community’s interest in studying this phenomenon has not been high. Given the paucity in this area, this research aims to provide answers to the following research questions: How can product-related e-commerce deception be performed? How will different deceptive information practices affect consumer judgment and decision making? What are the consequences of e-commerce deception, when it is detected by consumers? How can counter-deception mechanisms be designed to help consumers better detect product-related e-commerce deception? To address these questions, a typology of deceptive information practices that takes into account the unique characteristics of business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce was first developed, providing a conceptual starting point for this research. Next, two online experiments were conducted to examine the effects of different e-commerce deception tactics on consumer decision making and to explore the effects of two design characteristics of a potential counter-deception mechanism (i.e., warning) on consumers’ deception detection performance. This research not only furthers our understanding of the phenomenon of e-commerce deception but also provides valuable input for government monitoring/regulating agencies, consumer protection/advocacy organizations, and industry associations in their effort to combat deception online. This research thus contributes to a user-focused approach to IS adoption research.
Integrating Seismic Property Models with Gravity Data along the Cascadia Forearc
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Rahul
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 370606
subject: Gravimetrics
classificationCode: 370601
subject: Applied geophysics

description: The Cascadia margin in the Pacific Northwest of US is characterized by the subduction of the young and warm Juan De Fuca beneath the North American plate. This region shows strong correlations in spatial heterogeneities in geophysical observations such as thickness of low shear wave velocity zones in the lower crust, tremors distribution, intraslab seismicity, topography, uplift rates, and Bouguer gravity anomalies. In this thesis, both 3D and 2.5D forward gravity modeling have been conducted to understand the composition of the materials at ~20-40 km along the Cascadia subduction margin, that can explain the spatial heterogeneities by linking them together.
Shot noise in a strange metal
Creators: name: Chen, Liyang
name: Lowder, Dale T.
name: Bakali, Emine
name: Andrews, Aaron Maxwell
name: Schrenk, Werner
name: Waas, Monika
name: Svagera, Robert
name: Eguchi, Gaku
name: Prochaska, Lukas
name: Wang, Yiming
name: Setty, Chandan
name: Sur, Shouvik
name: Si, Qimiao
name: Paschen, Silke
name: Natelson, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strange-metal behavior has been observed in materials ranging from high-temperature superconductors to heavy fermion metals. In conventional metals, current is carried by quasiparticles; although it has been suggested that quasiparticles are absent in strange metals, direct experimental evidence is lacking. We measured shot noise to probe the granularity of the current-carrying excitations in nanowires of the heavy fermion strange metal YbRh2Si2. When compared with conventional metals, shot noise in these nanowires is strongly suppressed. This suppression cannot be attributed to either electron-phonon or electron-electron interactions in a Fermi liquid, which suggests that the current is not carried by well-defined quasiparticles in the strange-metal regime that we probed. Our work sets the stage for similar studies of other strange metals.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures; 21 pages supplementary text, 11 supplementary figures
The Diffusion Coefficient of Liquid and Gaseous Solvents in Heavy Oil and Bitumen
Creators: name: Guerrero-Aconcha, Uriel Enrique
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2009

description: The main objective of this research is to study the diffusion process of liquid and gaseous solvents in heavy oil and bitumen, with the aim of obtain the diffusion coefficient. The diffusion of n-hexane, n-heptane and octane in liquid phase and the diffusion of gaseous propane and carbon dioxide was monitored using x-ray computed tomography. The concentration and density profiles were obtained from the x-ray measurements and the data was used as entry for the slopes and intercepts model and for the non-iterative finite volume method to obtain the diffusion coefficients. The results show a strong dependency of the diffusion coefficient on the concentration of solvent in the system. The data obtained agree with the literature of less complex systems. The diffusion of carbon dioxide differs from the diffusion of hydrocarbon solvents. The diffusion coefficient can be both, an increasing or decreasing function of concentration depending on the nature of the diffusing solvent. Predictions of the diffusion coefficients of the systems studied here were also performed using the Vignes model. The model successfully predicts the diffusion coefficient for hydrocarbon solvents in heavy oil. However the accuracy of the Vignes equation diminishes as the viscosity of the oil phase increases. The results of this study can be applied in the simulation and understanding of the solvent based enhanced recovery processes for heavy oil and bitumen reservoirs.
Soil quality assessment based on machine learning approach for cultivated lands in semi-humid environmental condition part of Black Sea region
Creators: name: Alaboz, Pelin
name: Odabas, Mehmet Serhat
name: Dengiz, Orhan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: To manage arable areas according to land resources for future generations, it is crucial to determine the quality of the soils. The main purpose of this study is to identify soil quality for cultivated lands in the semi-humid terrestrial ecosystem in the Black Sea region. Multi-criteria decision-analysis was performed in weighted linear combination approach and standard scoring function (linear-L and nonlinear-NL) integrated with GIS techniques and interpolation models It was tested to predict soil quality index (SQI) values using artificial neural network (SQIANN). The soil quality index values obtained using the linear method ranged from 0.444 to 0.751, while those obtained using the non-linear method ranged from 0.315 to 0.683. As a result, we determined the soil quality indices of cultivation areas. According to our statistical analysis, there were no statistically significant differences between the soil quality index values obtained from SQIL and SQIL-ANN while the same results were found between SQINL and SQINL-ANN. According to the cluster analysis, 98.2% similarity between SQIL and SQIL-ANN, and 99.2% between SQINL and SQINL-ANN was determined. In addition, the spatial distribution maps obtained by both the clustering analysis and the geostatistical analysis showed quite a lot of similarity between SQI values.
Exploring the Participation of Dalit Women Versus Women of Other Castes in Panchayati Raj in Rajasthan, India: A Study in Contrasts
Creators: name: McWilliams, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 184-196.
description: Includes copy of Certification of Institutional Ethics Review. Original with original copy of Partial Copyright Licence.
description: This research uses a feminist analytical approach to explore the intersectionality of caste and gender in the experiences of Dalit women, and women of other castes, in their roles as elected representatives in Panchayati Raj Institutions in two districts in rural Rajasthan, India. The study took place in November 2008 with 24 women of various castes, as well as NGO leaders, and NGO workers; research methods included semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and one focus group. The study found that the experiences of Dalit women, and women of other castes, are similar however with some important exceptions. For example, Dalit women are more likely to face gender and caste discrimination in their respective panchayats. Additionally, although all Dalit women in the study felt they were treated equally on their panchayat councils, compared to upper caste women, many expressed the reality that Dalits continue to face discrimination in society.
Theoretical characterization of the electronic properties of extended thienylenevinylene oligomers
Creators: name: Krzeminski, Christophe
name: Delerue, Christophe
name: Allan, Guy
name: Haguet, Vincent
name: Stiévenard, Didier
name: Frere, P.
name: Levillain, Eric
name: Roncali, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present semiempirical tight binding calculations on thienylenevinylene oligomers up to the hexadecamer stage (n=16) and ab initio calculations based on the local density approximation up to n=8. The results correctly describe the experimental variations of the gap versus size, the optical spectra, and the electrochemical redox potentials. We propose a simple model to deduce from the band structure of the polymer chain the electronic states of the oligomers close to the gap. We analyze the evolution of the gap as a function of the torsion angle between consecutive cells: the modifications are found to be small up to a ~30^{\circ}; angle. We show that these oligomers possess extensive pi-electron delocalization along the molecular backbone which makes them interesting for future electronic applications such as molecular wires.
Speech intelligibility of simulated hearing loss sounds and its prediction using the Gammachirp Envelope Similarity Index (GESI)
Creators: name: Irino, Toshio
name: Tamaru, Honoka
name: Yamamoto, Ayako
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In the present study, speech intelligibility (SI) experiments were performed using simulated hearing loss (HL) sounds in laboratory and remote environments to clarify the effects of peripheral dysfunction. Noisy speech sounds were processed to simulate the average HL of 70- and 80-year-olds using Wadai Hearing Impairment Simulator (WHIS). These sounds were presented to normal hearing (NH) listeners whose cognitive function could be assumed to be normal. The results showed that the divergence was larger in the remote experiments than in the laboratory ones. However, the remote results could be equalized to the laboratory ones, mostly through data screening using the results of tone pip tests prepared on the experimental web page. In addition, a newly proposed objective intelligibility measure (OIM) called the Gammachirp Envelope Similarity Index (GESI) explained the psychometric functions in the laboratory and remote experiments fairly well. GESI has the potential to explain the SI of HI listeners by properly setting HL parameters.
description: This preprint is a copy of the final version accepted for Interspeech 2022. See https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2022-211
WHIS: Hearing impairment simulator based on the gammachirp auditory filterbank
Creators: name: Irino, Toshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A new version of a hearing impairment simulator (WHIS) was implemented based on a revised version of the gammachirp filterbank (GCFB), which incorporates fast frame-based processing, absolute threshold (AT), an audiogram of a hearing-impaired (HI) listener, and a parameter to control the cochlear input-output (IO) function. The parameter referred to as the compression health $α$ controlled the slope of the IO function to range from normal hearing (NH) listeners to HI listeners, without largely changing the total hearing loss (HL). The new WHIS was designed provide an NH listener the same EPs as those of a target HI listener.The analysis part of WHIS was almost the same as that of the revised GCFB, except that the IO function was used instead of the gain function. We proposed two synthesis methods: a direct time-varying filter for perceptually small distortion and a filterbank analysis-synthesis for further HI simulations including temporal smearing. We evaluated the WHIS family and a Cambridge version of the HL simulator (CamHLS) in terms of differences in the IO function and spectral distance. The IO functions were simulated fairly well at $α$ less than 0.5 but not at $α$ equal to 1. Thus, it is difficult to simulate the HL when the IO function is sufficiently healthy. This is a fundamental limit of any existing HL simulator as well as WHIS. The new WHIS yielded a smaller spectral distortion than CamHLS and was fairly compatible with the previous version.
description: This preprint was an original version that was unsuccessfully submitted to Trends in Hearing on June 5, 2022. The revised version has been accepted for publication in IEEE access. See https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3298673 ( https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10193769 )
Effect of soil compaction and cover crop management on soil physical quality, biomass production and corn and soybean yield
Creators: name: de Andrade Bonetti, João
name: Nunes, Márcio Renato
name: Fink, Jessé Rodrigo
name: de Moraes, Moacir Tuzzin
name: Tormena, Cássio Antonio
name: de Oliveira, Silas Maciel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: No-till with cover crop (CC) has been marketed to growers as a sustainable way to increase soil quality and crop yields. Our goal was to better understand the effect of CC management strategies on crop yield and mitigation of soil compaction. The compaction treatments were: four (C4) and eight (C8) wheel passes of a tractor, and without additional compaction (C0). CCs in autumn/winter were Italian ryegrass (IR) hay, IR as CC, and mix of IR and forage radish as CC. In the spring/summer, corn and soybean were cultivated. The reduction of hydraulic conductivity (0–6 cm depth) after first season in the IR hay was 74.9% in C4 and 96.2% in C8 comparted with C0. Overall, harvested CC has limited capacity to respond to compaction, decreasing root growth (root biomass of 2191, 2753, and 3744 kg ha−1, IR hay, IR CC, and mix, respectively). Further, the negative effects of compaction on crop yield were modest, probably because of the low axle loads and contact stresses; high inherent structural stability of Oxisols; and permanent no-till and CC roots which favored soil structure stability. Future works should use higher axle loads and surface stresses and a control treatment without CC.
Inside triage: the social organization of emergency nursing work
Creators: name: Melon, Karen Anne
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012

description: Bibliography: p. 209-228
description: Many pages are in colour.
description: Includes copy of ethics approvals. Original copies with original Partial Copyright Licence.
description: Emergency care in large urban hospitals across the country is in the midst of major redesign intended to improve access, decrease wait times and maximize efficiency. Using Institutional Ethnography, I was able to document critical, empiric evidence that shows what nurses actually do to manage the safe passage of patients through their emergency care process starting with the work of triage nurses. The Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale figures prominently in the analysis as a high level organizer of triage work and knowledge production that underpins the way those who administer the system define, measure and evaluate emergency care processes, and then use this information for restructuring. The core argument throughout is that industrial production line values and principles that have infiltrated health care management and reframe patient care, are having serious consequences. This critical analysis uncovers a number of deleterious effects as rapid patient processing disrupts expert nursing work, and will contribute to a broader understanding of health system quality.
Complex network analysis of literary and scientific texts
Creators: name: Grabska-Gradzinska, Iwona
name: Kulig, Andrzej
name: Kwapien, Jaroslaw
name: Drozdz, Stanislaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from our quantitative study of statistical and network properties of literary and scientific texts written in two languages: English and Polish. We show that Polish texts are described by the Zipf law with the scaling exponent smaller than the one for the English language. We also show that the scientific texts are typically characterized by the rank-frequency plots with relatively short range of power-law behavior as compared to the literary texts. We then transform the texts into their word-adjacency network representations and find another difference between the languages. For the majority of the literary texts in both languages, the corresponding networks revealed the scale-free structure, while this was not always the case for the scientific texts. However, all the network representations of texts were hierarchical. We do not observe any qualitative and quantitative difference between the languages. However, if we look at other network statistics like the clustering coefficient and the average shortest path length, the English texts occur to possess more clustered structure than do the Polish ones. This result was attributed to differences in grammar of both languages, which was also indicated in the Zipf plots. All the texts, however, show network structure that differs from any of the Watts-Strogatz, the Barabasi-Albert, and the Erdos-Renyi architectures.
EPG2S: Speech Generation and Speech Enhancement based on Electropalatography and Audio Signals using Multimodal Learning
Creators: name: Chen, Li-Chin
name: Chen, Po-Hsun
name: Tsai, Richard Tzong-Han
name: Tsao, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Speech generation and enhancement based on articulatory movements facilitate communication when the scope of verbal communication is absent, e.g., in patients who have lost the ability to speak. Although various techniques have been proposed to this end, electropalatography (EPG), which is a monitoring technique that records contact between the tongue and hard palate during speech, has not been adequately explored. Herein, we propose a novel multimodal EPG-to-speech (EPG2S) system that utilizes EPG and speech signals for speech generation and enhancement. Different fusion strategies based on multiple combinations of EPG and noisy speech signals are examined, and the viability of the proposed method is investigated. Experimental results indicate that EPG2S achieves desirable speech generation outcomes based solely on EPG signals. Further, the addition of noisy speech signals is observed to improve quality and intelligibility. Additionally, EPG2S is observed to achieve high-quality speech enhancement based solely on audio signals, with the addition of EPG signals further improving the performance. The late fusion strategy is deemed to be the most effective approach for simultaneous speech generation and enhancement.
description: Accepted By IEEE Signal Processing Letter
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) plants display contrasting sulfur-mediated drought acclimation in greenhouse and field
Creators: name: Silva, Alana Cavalcante
name: de Brito, Flavia Marques
name: Santos, Amanda Soares
name: de Brito, Ramilos Rodrigues
name: de Jesus Lacerda, Julian Junio
name: de Alcantara Neto, Francisco
name: Costa, José Helio
name: de Oliveira Paula-Marinho, Stelamaris
name: da Silva, Raphael Reis
name: de Souza Miranda, Rafael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology

description: Water restriction is a critical environmental condition for plants capable of promoting severe losses in agricultural yield. Our hypothesis was that sulfur (S) supplementation alleviates drought damage for enhanced performance of cowpea cultivars under semiarid conditions. Two parallel experiments were conducted in greenhouse and field, using two cowpea cultivars (Xique-xique and Novaera) subjected to two water regimes (control and drought) and three S levels (S-40, S-80 and S-120 kg ha−1). Drought had a more restrictive impact on cowpea in greenhouse than in field. Drought-stressed plants in greenhouse showed drastic reductions in net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and dry mass, for both cowpea cultivars as compared to controls. S-80 supplementation in greenhouse and S-120 in field promoted growth recovery of stressed-Novaera plants as related to S-40 stressed ones, exhibiting a performance closer to that of well-irrigated plants. Superior performance of S-supplemented stressed Novaera plants was associated with activation of mechanisms for water retention, likely osmotic adjustment, evidenced by increased water content, stomatal conductance and transpiration. These physiological adjustments allowed plants to maintain elevated net photosynthesis and growth under drought. In conclusion, S supplementation proves effective in mitigating drought damage in Novaera cultivar, offering potential for cultivating cowpea plants in water-scarce environments.
What Do Dark Matter Properties Tell Us About Their Mass Assembly Histories?
Creators: name: Wong, Anson W. C.
name: Taylor, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Individual dark matter halos in cosmological simulations vary widely in their detailed structural properties such as shape, rotation, substructure and degree of internal relaxation. Recent non-parametric (principal component) analyses suggest that a few principal components explain a large fraction of the scatter in halo properties. The main principal component is closely linked with concentration, which in turn is known to be related to the mass accretion history of the halo. Here we examine more generally the connection between mass accretion history and structural parameters. The space of mass accretion histories has principal components of its own. We find that the strongest two can be interpreted as the overall age of the halo and the acceleration or deceleration of growth at late times. These two components only account for $\sim70$%\ of the scatter in mass accretions histories however, due to the stochastic effect of major mergers. Relating structural parameters to formation history, we find that concentration correlates strongly with the early history of the halo, while relaxation correlates with the late history. We examine the inferences about formation history that can be drawn by splitting haloes into subsamples, based on observable properties such as concentration and shape at some final time. This approach suggests interesting possibilities, such as the possibility of defining young and old samples of galaxy clusters in a rigorous, quantitative way, or testing the dynamical assumptions of galaxy formation models empirically.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Remark on ordered braid groups
Creators: name: Nikolaev, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F36, 20F60, 46L85

description: We recover the Dehornoy order on the braid group $B_{2g+n}$ from the tracial state on a cluster $C^*$-algebra $\mathbb{A}(S_{g,n})$ associated to the surface $S_{g,n}$ of genus $g$ with $n$ boundary components. It is proved that the space of left-ordering of the fundamental group $π_1(S_{g,n})$ is a totally disconnected dense subspace of the projective Teichmüller space $\mathbb{P}T_{g,n}\cong \mathbf{R}^{6g-7+2n}$. In particular, each left-ordering of $π_1(S_{g,n})$ defines the orbit of a Riemann surface $S_{g,n}$ under the geodesic flow on the space $T_{g,n}$.
description: to appear Journal of Topology and Analysis
A Study of Optical Observing Techniques for Extra-Galactic Supernova Remnants: Case of NGC 300
Creators: name: Millar, William C.
name: White, Graeme L.
name: Filipovic, Miroslav D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a study of observational and identification techniques used for surveys and spectroscopy of candidate supernova remnants (SNRs) in the Sculptor Group galaxy NGC 300. The goal of this study was to investigate the reliability of using [Sii]/Halpha > 0.4 in optical SNR surveys and spectra as an identifying feature of extra-galactic SNRs (egSNRs) and also to investigate the effectiveness of the observing techniques (which are hampered by seeing conditions and telescope pointing errors) using this criterion in egSNR surveys and spectrographs. This study is based on original observations of these objects and archival data obtained from the Hubble Space Telescope which contained images of some of the candidate SNRs in NGC 300. We found that the reliability of spectral techniques may be questionable and very high-resolution images may be needed to confirm a valid identification of some egSNRs.
description: 27 Figures, 10 tables