cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Necessary and sufficient conditions for stability on finite time horizon
Creators: name: Carannante, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2013

description: Control theory is often interested in studying stability and stabilization of dynamical systems in an infinite time horizon. However, in many practical situations, focusing on the system behavior in a finite time interval is more important than requiring the system to reach a given equilibrium.
Analysis on finite time horizon can be useful, for example, to study state and output transients due to disturbances or to examine the effects of sudden changes of the state variable due to external or internal system perturbations. Moreover, some systems naturally evolve in a finite time interval, as for example earthquakes or animal and vegetal systems.
Furthermore, only qualitative behavior of dynamical systems are usually taken into account, as in Lyapunov Asymptotic Stability and classic Input-Output Lp-Stability. In many applications though, it is necessary to provide specific bounds to the system state and/or output variables. When dealing with linear models obtained linearizing nonlinear systems around an equilibrium, for example, it is important to keep the state trajectory close to the equilibrium point to avoid the effects of nonlinearity; the presence of variables physical constraints, like actuators saturations, is another example.
Two different concepts of stability over a finite time horizon are dealt with in this thesis, namely Finite-Time Stability (FTS) and Input-Output Finite-Time Stability (IO-FTS). Their aim is to provide quantitative bounds, during a finite time interval, on the state and output trajectories, respectively.
These quantitative bounds can be very useful for hybrid systems, e.g. Switching Linear Systems (SLSs), which present jumps in the state space in particular instants of time called resetting times. Hybrid systems exhibit both continuous-time and discrete-time dynamics and are used to model systems such as a thermostat turning the heat on and off, a server switching between buffers in a queueing networks, the gear shift control in a car.
This thesis extends the FTS results already present in the previous literature, i.e. necessary and sufficient condition to check finite-time stability, to a larger class of hybrid systems, namely SLS. It also copes with the very useful case of uncertainty on the resetting times.
In the context of IO-FTS, this thesis provides necessary and sufficient conditions to check the stability of Linear Time Varying (LTV) systems and sufficient conditions to check the stability of SLSs, also in the case of resetting times not a priori known.
For both FTS and IO-FTS, dfferent stabilization problems are solved for SLSs and LTV systems.
The new concept of Structured IO-FTS is introduced, which makes possible to limit the effort on the actuators by introducing quantitative bounds on the control inputs.
Some applications are considered to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed control techniques.
Compact Spectroscopy of keV to MeV X-rays from a Laser Wakefield Accelerator
Creators: name: Hannasch, A.
name: Garcia, A. Laso
name: LaBerge, M.
name: Zgadzaj, R.
name: Koehler, A.
name: Cabadag, J. P. Couperus
name: Zarini, O.
name: Kurz, T.
name: Ferrari, A.
name: Molodtsova, M.
name: Naumann, L.
name: Cowan, T.
name: Schramm, U.
name: Irman, A.
name: Downer, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconstruct spectra of secondary X-rays from a tunable 250-350 MeV laser wakefield electron accelerator from single-shot X-ray depth-energy measurements in a compact (7.5 $\times$ 7.5 $\times$ 15 cm), modular X-ray calorimeter made of alternating layers of absorbing materials and imaging plates. X-rays range from few-keV betatron to few-MeV inverse Compton to >100 MeV bremsstrahlung emission, and are characterized both individually and in mixtures. Geant4 simulations of energy deposition of single-energy X-rays in the stack generate an energy-vs-depth response matrix for a given stack configuration. An iterative reconstruction algorithm based on analytic models of betatron, inverse Compton and bremsstrahlung photon energy distributions then unfolds X-ray spectra, typically within a minute. We discuss uncertainties, limitations and extensions of both measurement and reconstruction methods.
Adjustment to hemodialysis : a relationship study with demographic variables
Creators: name: Sawatzky, Dale James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study examines the relationships between three aspects of adjustment to hemodialysis (i.e. activity levels, mood states and severity of symptoms) and four demographic variables (i.e. age, occupation, education and length of time on dialysis). The sample consisted of 37 patients on hemodialysis. Activity levels, mood states and severity of symptoms were measured by the activity inventory, profile of mood states and symptom questionnaire, respectively. A personal history questionnaire was employed to assess the demographic variables. The data was analyzed using the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Method with a one-tailed test of significance. Activity levels were found to be negatively correlated with age at a statistically significant level, but were not significantly correlated with occupation, education or length of time on dialysis. Total mood disturbance was not significantly correlated with any of the demographic variables. Total severity of symptoms were negatively correlated with education at a statistically significant level, but no significant correlations were discovered between this aspect of adjustment and the other demographic variables. A few supplemental findings were also deemed important. Total severity of symptoms were both negatively correlated with activity levels and positively correlated with mood states at statistically significant levels. However, mood states and activity levels were not significantly correlated. Finally, a significant positive correlation was found between education and occupational level.
Additional file 2 of Maresin1 alleviates liver ischemia/reperfusion injury by reducing liver macrophage pyroptosis
Creators: name: Li, Tong
name: Zeng, Houshuai
name: Xian, Wenjing
name: Cai, Hongxing
name: Zhang, Jianbo
name: Zhou, Shiji
name: Yang, Yingxue
name: Luo, Min
name: Zhu, Peng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. ROS and MPTP opening may induce the pyroptotic death of liver macrophages. Liver macrophages were divided into the control group, H/R group, H/R+MaR1 group, H/R+MaR1+H2O2 group and H/R+MaR1+CCCP group. The expression of GSDMD and GSDMD-N (a) and the release of IL-1β and IL-18 (b) were evaluated.
Elastic proton-deuteron scattering at intermediate energies
Creators: name: Ramazani-Moghaddam-Arani, A.
name: Amir-Ahmadi
name: Bacher, A. D.
name: Bailey, C. D.
name: Biegun, A.
name: Eslami-Kalantari, M.
name: Gašparić, I.
name: Joulaeizadeh, L.
name: Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N.
name: Kistryn, St.
name: Kozela, A.
name: Mardanpour, H.
name: Messchendorp, J. G.
name: Micherdzinska, A. M.
name: Moeini, H.
name: Shende, S. V.
name: Stephan, E.
name: Stephenson, E. J.
name: Sworst, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observables in elastic proton-deuteron scattering are sensitive probes of the nucleon-nucleon interaction and three-nucleon force effects. The present experimental data base for this reaction is large, but contains a large discrepancy between data sets for the differential cross section taken at 135 MeV/nucleon by two experimental research groups. This paper reviews the background of this problem and presents new data taken at KVI. Differential cross sections and analyzing powers for the $^{2}{\rm H}(\vec p,d){p}$ and ${\rm H}(\vec d,d){p}$ reactions at 135 MeV/nucleon and 65 MeV/nucleon, respectively, have been measured. The data differ significantly from previous measurements and consistently follow the energy dependence as expected from an interpolation of published data taken over a large range at intermediate energies.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRC
On Interpretation and Measurement of Soft Attributes for Recommendation
Creators: name: Balog, Krisztian
name: Radlinski, Filip
name: Karatzoglou, Alexandros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address how to robustly interpret natural language refinements (or critiques) in recommender systems. In particular, in human-human recommendation settings people frequently use soft attributes to express preferences about items, including concepts like the originality of a movie plot, the noisiness of a venue, or the complexity of a recipe. While binary tagging is extensively studied in the context of recommender systems, soft attributes often involve subjective and contextual aspects, which cannot be captured reliably in this way, nor be represented as objective binary truth in a knowledge base. This also adds important considerations when measuring soft attribute ranking. We propose a more natural representation as personalized relative statements, rather than as absolute item properties. We present novel data collection techniques and evaluation approaches, and a new public dataset. We also propose a set of scoring approaches, from unsupervised to weakly supervised to fully supervised, as a step towards interpreting and acting upon soft attribute based critiques.
description: Proceedings of the 44th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR '21), 2021
title: The effects of acidity on recent changes in carbon cycling in organic soils
Creators: name: Pschenyckyj, Catharine Michelle
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2019

description: There has been an observed increase in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in soil solutions and surface water bodies in acid sensitive areas of Europe and North America over the past four decades. This has been linked to changes in atmospheric chemistry and associated acid deposition, due to increased solubility of DOC in response to recovery from acidification. However, as DOC production (and consumption) is under biological control through the decomposition (and mineralisation) of organic material, there is uncertainty as to whether this increasing DOC trend is solely a chemical (solubility) response or whether there is a biological element also . In addition, there have been inconsistencies in DOC release from catchments receiving similar acid deposition loads, which suggests that differences in catchment characteristics may result in variations in the magnitude of response to acidification and recovery. Despite this and that fact that many catchments consist of peat and organo-mineral soil, much research has focused solely on peat. In order to investigate both the chemical and biological responses to changing acidity behind these DOC trends, an acidity manipulation field experiment was run over two National Parks with contrasting historical pollution levels, which included both peat and peaty podzol soil. The chemistry of pore water, as well as soil and surface litter extracts, were monitored alongside a decomposition experiment to separate out the changing solubility of DOC from the biological production through decomposition. Bacterial and fungal communities were also sequenced to assess how microbial communities were affected by changes in acidity. There was a clear chemically mediated DOC response to acidity in pore water, supporting previous findings and building on evidence of the pH-DOC hypothesis that recovery from acidification is increasing DOC solubility in organic soils. The DOC in the upper organic layer of peat and organo-mineral soil was found to be acid sensitive, but the surface litter DOC was not. However, overall there were limited responses of litter decomposition, Tea Bag Index (TBI) parameters and microbial diversity to acidity manipulations, and so there is little evidence that short-term changes in acidity effect microbial communities and biologically mediated processes (decomposition and associated DOC production). Regardless of experimental insignificance, bacterial community diversity was found to be positively and significantly related to both soil pH and extract DOC, which suggests that there may be a functional response to changing acidity as well as changes in community structure. Further work is needed to assess the mechanistic functional response of bacteria in terms of DOC production and consumption in response to changing acidity.
Thermal effects on the Fission Barrier of neutron-rich nuclei
Creators: name: Minato, Futoshi
name: Hagino, Kouichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the fission barrier height of neutron-rich nuclei in a r-process site at highly excited state, which is resulted from the beta-decay or the neutron-capture processes. We particularly investigate the sensitivity of the fission barrier height to the temperature, including the effect of pairing phase transition from superfluid to normal fluid phases. To this end, we use the finite-temperature Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogolubov method with a zero-range pairing interaction. We also discuss the temperature dependence of the fission decay rate.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures. Uses aipxfm.sty. A talk given at the Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics : From Stable Beams to Exotic Nuclei, June 25-30, 2008, Cappadocia, Turkey
Deconvolving the components of the sign problem
Creators: name: Tarat, S.
name: Xiao, Bo
name: Mondaini, R.
name: Scalettar, R. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Auxiliary field Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of interacting fermions require sampling over a Hubbard-Stratonovich field $h$ introduced to decouple the interactions. The weight for a given configuration involves the products of the determinant of matrices $M_σ(h)$, where $σ$ labels the species, and hence is typically not positive definite. Indeed, the average sign $\langle {\cal S} \rangle$ of the determinants goes to zero exponentially with increasing spatial size and decreasing temperature for most Hamiltonians of interest. This statement, however, does not explicitly separate two possible origins for the vanishing of $\langle {\cal S} \rangle$. Does $\langle {\cal S} \rangle \rightarrow 0$ because {\it randomly} chosen field configurations have ${\rm det}\big(M(h)\big) < 0$, or does the `sign problem' arise because the specific subset of configurations chosen by the weighting function have a greater preponderance of negative values? In the latter case, the process of weighting the configurations with $|{\rm det}\big(M(h)\big)|$ might steer the simulation to a region of configuration space of $h$ where positive and negative determinants are equally likely, even though randomly chosen $h$ would preferentially have determinants with a single dominant sign. In this paper we address the relative importance of these two mechanisms for the vanishing of $\langle {\cal S} \rangle$ in quantum simulations.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures, Title changed, several small modifications made in the text
title: Polarity in L3 English: the initial stages and beyond
Creators: name: Puig Mayenco, Eloi
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2019

description: The main goal of this dissertation is to understand how L3/Ln acquisition unfolds and how studying it transitions to the bigger field of non-native acquisition as well as theoretical proposals for grammatical properties. In an attempt to do so, the compilation of four studies help us answer the three over-arching questions that guide this doctoral dissertation, as presented below: I. What can the study of multilingualism tell us about the cognitive processes underlying the initial stages and beyond of any instance of non-native acquisition? II. What do methodological practices in the field of L3/Ln acquisition tell us about the variability found in the literature? III. How can the study of multilingualism help us to understand the nature of certain linguistic domains? In summary, the first study examines the knowledge of Negative Concord Items and Differential Object Marking in the grammar of highly proficient early bilinguals in Catalan and Spanish; and the role language dominance has for the interaction of the languages in early bilingualism. The results show that (a) remaining dominant in the L1 contributes to the maintenance of target-line behavior in the language and (b) that different domains of grammar are affected in different ways. The second study provides an analytical panoramic view of the field of L3/Ln acquisition by reviewing the majority of available L3 morphosyntactic studies published between 2004 and 2018 systematically, examining (and showing) how the methodological practices can explain some of the variability we find in the literature. In the third study, we provide a snapshot of the initial stages of acquisition and we show how confounding proficiency and exposure can introduce potential noise into the study of transfer. In the fourth study we arrive at the culmination of the dissertation by examining the grammars vi of ab initio L3 learners of English who are Catalan-Spanish bilinguals. The results show that holistic structural similarity is the most deterministic factor for transfer selection in the case of early bilinguals acquiring a third language. More importantly, results of the longitudinal design reveal that developmental sequencing after initial stages transfer is dynamic and nonuniform depending on language dominance in the previous acquired languages. The overall picture of the results of the four studies show that holistic structural similarity plays a role at the initial stages of L3/Ln acquisition, that language dominance plays an important role for L3 development, that certain methodological practices are to be adopted in L3/Ln acquisition and that the study of multilingualism can give answers to the formalization of Negative Concord Items more generally.
Design and Analysis of Mechanical Gripper Technologies for Handling Mesh Electrodes in Electrolysis Cell Production
Creators: name: Römer, Martin
name: Winter, Benjamin
name: Mazeika, Edgaras
name: Dröder, Klaus
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Electrolysis Cell Production
subject: Handling
subject: Meshes
subject: Selective Laser Melting
subject: Robotics
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: As climate change accelerates, the demand for green energy is growing significantly. Due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy, the need for long-term storage is growing at the same rate. Hydrogen presents itself as a promising option for long-term storage, the need for electrolysis plants is therefore increasing significantly. Solutions for scaling up alkaline electrolysis production are currently lacking, particularly in the handling of large mesh electrodes. Therefore, new gripping concepts and technologies have to be developed to enable precise and automated handling of the electrodes, as established handling methods have failed due to the porous, limp and weakly magnetic material properties. This paper therefore presents two new ingressive gripping technologies in the form of individual gripping elements, which can later be combined to form a gripper. The technologies identified here are based on a threaded structure on the one hand and a spiral-like structure on the other. Depending on the mesh geometry to be handled, the gripper elements are designed accordingly. In order to grip the mesh, the gripping element is moved forward and turned at the same time. For verification, sample gripper elements were tested for a range of mesh geometries. The individual gripper elements were produced using selective Laser melting process (SLM), as the fine structures would be exceedingly challenging as well as very costly to produce using conventional manufacturing methods. The gripper elements were tested for three aspects of the handling process: Reliability, retention force and precision. The results in finer meshes show a high holding force for the spiral structures, while the screw structures show more potential in precision. In terms of performance in finer meshes, both structures have potential for use in mesh electrodes, with the low retention force of the screw structures due to the increasing imprecision of the SLM process.
I'm all Ears! Listening to Software Developers on Putting GDPR Principles into Software Development Practice
Creators: name: Alhazmi, Abdulrahman
name: Arachchilage, Nalin Asanka Gamagedara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Previous research has been carried out to identify the impediments that prevent developers from incorporating privacy protocols into software applications. No research has been carried out to find out why developers are not able to develop systems that preserve-privacy while specifically considering the General Data Protection Regulation principles (GDPR principles). Consequently, this paper aims to examine the issues, which prevent developers from creating applications, which consider and include GDPR principles into their software systems. From our research findings, we identified the lack of familiarity with GDPR principles by developers as one of the obstacles that prevent GDPR onboarding. Those who were familiar with the principles did not have the requisite knowledge about the principles including their techniques. Developers focused on functional than on privacy requirements. Unavailability of resourceful online tools and lack of support from institutions and clients were also identified as issues inimical to the onboarding of GDPR principles.
description: 18
Backlog control in optoelectronic production using a digital twin
Creators: name: Schneider, Jonas
name: Hiller, Tobias
name: Nyhuis, Peter
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Production Planning and Control
subject: Digital Twin
subject: Simulation
subject: Backlog
subject: Optoelectronic Production
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Digital twins are becoming increasingly popular in industry and are being used in various areas, such as production planning and control. Logistics performance still needs to be improved, especially in highly complex and automated production processes such as optoelectronics. The significant challenges faced by industrial companies today, such as stricter quality standards, smaller quantities and shorter product life cycles, exacerbate this phenomenon. In this context, digital twins offer a point of reference for improvement by providing an additional database that can be used to make more informed decisions in realtime. The novel contribution of this paper is the design of a simulation as a digital twin in the context of optoelectronic production. It is used to simulate a variety of backlog scenarios in production planning and to provide an additional source of data for backlog control. We also present an application example of how the digital twin can reduce backlogs in the production process. The simulation indicates that the designed model can effectively support the improvement of logistics performance by addressing the significant challenges in modern production.
Phases and Transitions in the Spin-1 Bose-Hubbard Model: Systematics of a Mean-field Theory
Creators: name: Pai, Ramesh V.
name: Sheshadri, K.
name: Pandit, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the mean-field theory for the spinless Bose-Hubbard model to account for the different types of superfluid phases that can arise in the spin-1 case. In particular, our mean-field theory can distinguish polar and ferromagnetic superfluids, Mott insulators which arise at integer fillings at zero temperature, and normal Bose liquids into which the Mott insulators evolve at finite temperatures. We find, in contrast to the spinless case, that several of the superfluid-Mott insulator transitions are first-order at finite temperatures. Our systematic study yields rich phase diagrams that include, first-order and second-order transitions, and a variety of tricritical points. We discuss the possibility of realizing such phase diagrams in experimental systems.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 1 of Effects of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles on sulfate bioreduction and oxidative stress in Desulfovibrio desulfuricans
Creators: name: Cheng, Guoqing
name: Ding, Huili
name: Chen, Guanglin
name: Shi, Hongjie
name: Zhang, Xu
name: Zhu, Minglong
name: Tan, Wensong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Screening and identification of sulfate-reducing bacteria.
DeepMerge II: Building Robust Deep Learning Algorithms for Merging Galaxy Identification Across Domains
Creators: name: Ćiprijanović, A.
name: Kafkes, D.
name: Downey, K.
name: Jenkins, S.
name: Perdue, G. N.
name: Madireddy, S.
name: Johnston, T.
name: Snyder, G. F.
name: Nord, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In astronomy, neural networks are often trained on simulation data with the prospect of being used on telescope observations. Unfortunately, training a model on simulation data and then applying it to instrument data leads to a substantial and potentially even detrimental decrease in model accuracy on the new target dataset. Simulated and instrument data represent different data domains, and for an algorithm to work in both, domain-invariant learning is necessary. Here we employ domain adaptation techniques$-$ Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) as an additional transfer loss and Domain Adversarial Neural Networks (DANNs)$-$ and demonstrate their viability to extract domain-invariant features within the astronomical context of classifying merging and non-merging galaxies. Additionally, we explore the use of Fisher loss and entropy minimization to enforce better in-domain class discriminability. We show that the addition of each domain adaptation technique improves the performance of a classifier when compared to conventional deep learning algorithms. We demonstrate this on two examples: between two Illustris-1 simulated datasets of distant merging galaxies, and between Illustris-1 simulated data of nearby merging galaxies and observed data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The use of domain adaptation techniques in our experiments leads to an increase of target domain classification accuracy of up to ${\sim}20\%$. With further development, these techniques will allow astronomers to successfully implement neural network models trained on simulation data to efficiently detect and study astrophysical objects in current and future large-scale astronomical surveys.
description: Submitted to MNRAS; 21 pages, 9 figures, 9 tables
Energy distributions and effective temperatures in the packing of elastic sheets
Creators: name: Deboeuf, Stephanie
name: Adda-Bedia, Mokhtar
name: Boudaoud, Arezki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The packing of elastic sheets is investigated in a quasi two-dimensional experimental setup: a sheet is pulled through a rigid hole acting as a container, so that its configuration is mostly prescribed by the cross-section of the sheet in the plane of the hole. The characterisation of the packed configuration is made possible by using refined image analysis. The geometrical properties and energies of the branches forming the cross-section are broadly distributed. We find distributions of energy with exponential tails. This setup naturally divides the system into two sub-systems: in contact with the container and within the bulk. While the geometrical properties of the sub-systems differ, their energy distributions are identical, indicating 'thermal' homogeneity and allowing the definition of effective temperatures from the characteristic scales of the energy distributions.
description: 6 pages
Configurable pixelated skyrmions on nanoscale magnetic grids
Creators: name: Zhang, Xichao
name: Xia, Jing
name: Shirai, Keiichiro
name: Fujiwara, Hiroshi
name: Tretiakov, Oleg A.
name: Ezawa, Motohiko
name: Zhou, Yan
name: Liu, Xiaoxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological spin textures can serve as non-volatile information carriers. Here we study the current-induced dynamics of an isolated magnetic skyrmion on a nanoscale square-grid pinning pattern formed by orthogonal defect lines with reduced magnetic anisotropy. The skyrmion on the square grid can be pixelated with a quantized size of the grid. We demonstrate that the position, size, and shape of skyrmion on the square grid are electrically configurable. The skyrmion center is quantized to be on the grid and the skyrmion may show a hopping motion instead of a continuous motion. We find that the skyrmion Hall effect can be perfectly prohibited due to the pinning effect of the grid. The pixelated skyrmion can be harnessed to build future programmable racetrack memory, multistate memory, and logic computing device. Our results will be a basis for digital information storage and computation based on pixelated topological spin textures on artificial pinning patterns.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures
Non-Minimal Inflation on the Warped DGP Brane
Creators: name: Nozari, Kourosh
name: Fazlpour, Behnaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an inflation model with inflaton non-minimally coupled to gravity on a warped DGP brane. Using an exponential potential, we calculate scalar power spectrum, spectral index and the running of the spectral index. We show that for a suitable range of non-minimal coupling it is possible to exit the inflationary phase spontaneously and without any mechanism, even in the case that minimal inflation can not exit spontaneously. By a detailed analysis of parameter space, we study the constraints imposed on the non-minimal coupling from recent observational data.
description: 21 pages, 11 eps figures, References added, Revised version submitted to JCAP
Solution Of Wheeler-De Witt Equation, Potential Well And Tunnel Effect
Creators: name: Huang, Yong-Chang
name: Weng, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper uses the relation of the cosmic scale factor and scalar field to solve Wheeler-DeWitt equation, gives the tunnel effect of the cosmic scale factor a and quantum potential well of scalar field, and makes it fit with the physics of cosmic quantum birth. By solving Wheeler-DeWitt equation we achieve a general probability distribution of the cosmic birth, and give the analysis of cosmic quantum birth.
description: 12 pages
Quantum state tomography using a single apparatus
Creators: name: Mehmani, B.
name: Allahverdyan, A. E.
name: Nieuwenhuizen, Th. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density matrix of a two-level system (spin, atom) is usually determined by measuring the three non-commuting components of the Pauli vector. This density matrix can also be obtained via the measurement data of two commuting variables, using a single apparatus. This is done by coupling the two-level system to a mode of radiation field, where the atom-field interaction is described with the Jaynes--Cummings model. The mode starts its evolution from a known coherent state. The unknown initial state of the atom is found by measuring two commuting observables: the population difference of the atom and the photon number of the field. We discuss the advantages of this setup and its possible applications.
description: 7 pages, 8 figure, Phys. Rev. A
Kondo effect in carbon nanotube quantum dots with spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Fang, Tie-Feng
name: Zuo, Wei
name: Luo, Hong-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experimental observation of spin-orbit coupling in carbon nanotube quantum dots [F. Kuemmeth \textsl{et al.}, Nature (London) {\bf 452}, 448 (2008)], we investigate in detail its influence on the Kondo effect. The spin-orbit coupling intrinsically lifts out the fourfold degeneracy of a single electron in the dot, thereby breaking the SU(4) symmetry and splitting the Kondo resonance even at zero magnetic field. When the field is applied, the Kondo resonance further splits and exhibits fine multipeak structures resulting from the interplay of spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman effect. A microscopic cotunneling process for each peak can be uniquely identified. Finally, a purely orbital Kondo effect in the two-electron regime is also obtained.
description: published version, 5 pages, 4 figures
Deficits Of Innovation Management In The Application To The Disruptive Battery Industry
Creators: name: Kampker, Achim
name: Heimes, Heiner
name: Schmied, Jessica
name: Lingohr, Paul
name: Clever, Henning
name: Dorn, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Battery production
subject: Electrification
subject: Innovation Management
subject: Disruptive Industry
subject: Planning Methods
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: With the electrification of the automotive industry and the resulting demand for batteries, Gigafactories are increasingly established by battery cell manufacturers or new players, especially in Europe, and North America. When planning Gigafactories, there are various planning challenges due to the high and long-term investments. In particular, the variety of innovations and short innovation cycles creates uncertainty in the planning process. Reviewing the background provided, the application of existing approaches from innovation management to the current battery industry was assessed in this paper. For this, the environment of battery production was first examined in more detail, resulting in the identification of the relevant requirements for an innovation management method. Based on this, standard methods of innovation management were examined and evaluated based on the derived requirements. The evaluation showed that standard methods of innovation management only partially fulfil some of the requirements, highlighting the necessity of a dedicated method for the battery industry. In conclusion, the deficits and potential levers for successful innovation management are discussed.
Cultural Transmission through Auspicious Symbols in Lang Shining’s Flora Paintings
Creators: name: Pancheewa Butrach
Publisher: name: Faculty of Painting, Sculpture and Graphic Arts
Year: 2023
Subjects: Auspicious Symbol
Chinese Arts
Lang Shining
Traditional Chinese Painting

description: Silpa Bhirasri (Journal of Fine Arts), 11, 2, 133-152
Ultra-Slow Acoustic Energy Transport in Dense Fish Aggregates
Creators: name: Tallon, Benoit
name: Roux, Philippe
name: Matte, Guillaume
name: Guillard, Jean
name: Page, John H.
name: Skipetrov, Sergey E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dramatic slowing down of acoustic wave transport in dense fish shoals is observed in open-sea fish cages. By employing a multi-beam ultrasonic antenna, we observe the coherent backscattering (CBS) phenomenon. We extract key parameters of wave transport such as the transport mean free path and the energy transport velocity of diffusive waves from diffusion theory fits to the experimental data. The energy transport velocity is found to be about 10 times smaller than the speed of sound in water, a value that is exceptionally low compared with most observations in acoustics. By studying different models of the fish body, we explain the basic mechanism responsible for the observed very slow transport of ultrasonic waves in dense fish shoals. Our results show that, while the fish swim bladder plays an important role in wave scattering, other organs have to be considered to explain ultra-low energy transport velocities.
description: Main text: 11 pages, 6 figures - Supplementary Information: 5 pages, 2 figures
Identification Of Investigation Procedures To Predict Work Roll Fatigue For Developing Machine Learning Applications – A Systematic Literature Review
Creators: name: Moser, Tobias
name: Seitz, Johannes
name: Alp, Enes
name: Kuhlenkötter, Bernd
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Radial-Axial Ring Rolling
subject: Work Rolls
subject: Fatigue
subject: Systematic Literature Review
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Machine learning approaches present significant opportunities for optimizing existing machines and production systems. Particularly in hot rolling processes, great potential for optimization can be exploited. Radial-axial ring rolling is a crucial process utilized to manufacture seamless rings. However, the failure of the mandrel represents a defect within the ring rolling process that currently cannot be adequately explained. Mandrel failure is unpredictable, occurs without a directly identifiable reason, and can appear several times a week depending on the ring rolling mill and capacity utilization. Broken rolls lead to unscheduled production downtimes, defective rings and can damage other machine parts. Considering the extensive recording of production data in ring rolling, the implementation of machine learning models for the prediction of such roll breaks offers great potential. To present a comprehensive overview of the potential influencing factors which are possibly relevant to the lifetime of mandrels, a systematic literature review (SLR) focusing on work roll wear in hot rolling processes is conducted. Based on the results of the SLR, a first selection of features and the used investigation procedures are presented. The insights can be used for the prediction of mandrel failure with machine learning models in further work.
Mini-Environments In Lithium-Ion Battery Cell Production: A Survey On Current State, Challenges And Trends
Creators: name: Plocher, Lorenz
name: Heller, Marius
name: Ingendoh, Benedict
name: Turhan, Hasibe
name: Burgard, Matthias
name: Wennemar, Sarah
name: Kampker, Achim
name: Kissling, Marc
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mini-Environments
subject: Battery Cell Production
subject: Production Environment
subject: Industry Survey
subject: Sustainable Production
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The demand for lithium-ion batteries increases rapidly. Possible improvements of the production technology are seen as key lever to improve sustainability and cost. The production of lithium-ion battery cells is complex and highly influenced by the production environment. Large parts of the production processes must take place in so-called clean and dry rooms to strictly control particles, temperature, and humidity. Especially the dehumidification of air for dry room conditions requires significant amounts of energy. Moreover, contaminants are emitted in certain processes that must not interfere with operational safety. A possible improvement is given with so-called mini-environments. This concept, roughly described as encapsulation of the individual process step, offer numerous theoretical benefits such as improved process control, enhanced product quality, increased worker safety and reduced energy consumption. The concept of mini-environments in battery cell production is not yet established. This paper presents the findings of an industry and institute survey with key stakeholders from the battery machinery, clean- and dry room, and encapsulation industries. The results show that while the potentials of mini-environments in battery cell production are recognised, many hurdles must be overcome before a successful implementation. For example, adapted holistic production systems and new logistic measures must be developed.
Theoretical review on sin2beta(phi_1) from b to s penguins
Creators: name: Chua, Chun-Khiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theoretical results of the standard model expectations on $\sin2β_{\rm eff}$ from penguin-dominated $b \to s$ decays are briefly reviewed.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Flavor Physics & CP Violation Conference, Taipei, 2008
Mirzakharni's recursion formula is equivalent to the Witten-Kontsevich theorem
Creators: name: Liu, Kefeng
name: Xu, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we give a proof of Mirzakhani's recursion formula of Weil-Petersson volumes of moduli spaces of curves using the Witten-Kontsevich theorem. We also describe properties of intersections numbers involving higher degree $κ$ classes.
description: 13 pages, to appear in Asterisque
Metrics for sparse graphs
Creators: name: Bollobas, B.
name: Riordan, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C99, 05C80

description: Recently, Bollobás, Janson and Riordan introduced a very general family of random graph models, producing inhomogeneous random graphs with $Θ(n)$ edges. Roughly speaking, there is one model for each {\em kernel}, i.e., each symmetric measurable function from $[0,1]^2$ to the non-negative reals, although the details are much more complicated. A different connection between kernels and random graphs arises in the recent work of Borgs, Chayes, Lovász, Sós, Szegedy and Vesztergombi. They introduced several natural metrics on dense graphs (graphs with $n$ vertices and $Θ(n^2)$ edges), showed that these metrics are equivalent, and gave a description of the completion of the space of all graphs with respect to any of these metrics in terms of {\em graphons}, which are essentially bounded kernels. One of the most appealing aspects of this work is the message that sequences of inhomogeneous quasi-random graphs are in a sense completely general: any sequence of dense graphs contains such a subsequence. Our aim here is to briefly survey these results, and then to investigate to what extent they can be generalized to graphs with $o(n^2)$ edges. Although many of the definitions extend in a simple way, the connections between the various metrics, and between the metrics and random graph models, turn out to be much more complicated than in the dense case. We shall prove many partial results, and state even more conjectures and open problems, whose resolution would greatly enhance the currently rather unsatisfactory theory of metrics on sparse graphs. This paper deals mainly with graphs with $o(n^2)$ but $ω(n)$ edges: a companion paper [arXiv:0812.2656] will discuss the (more problematic still) case of {\em extremely sparse} graphs, with O(n) edges.
description: 83 pages, 1 figure. References updated and one corrected
Michael Pollak, Wien 1900. Eine verletzte Identität (edition discours 6), Konstanz: UVK - Universitätsverlag Konstanz 1997.
Creators: name: Müller, Albert
Publisher: name: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften
Year: 1997

description: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften, Bd. 8 Nr. 3 (1997): Geschichte als wissenschaftliche Forschung
Enchodelus macrodorus Thorne 1939
Creators: name: Pedram, Majid
name: Niknam, Gholamreza
name: Guerrero, Pablo
name: Ye, Weimin
name: Robbins, Robert T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Adenophorea
Dorylaimida
Dorylaimidae
Enchodelus
Enchodelus macrodorus

description: Enchodelus macrodorus (de Man, 1880) Thorne, 1939=Dorylaimus macrodorusde Man, 1880 =Dorylaimus(Doryllium)macrodorus(de Man, 1880) Ditlevsen, 1928 =Dorylaimellus macrodorus(de Man, 1880) Thorne & Swanger, 1936
(Fig. 5)
MEASUREMENTS
See Table 1.
REMARKS
The morphometrics of the Iranian population are within the accepted values for the species as stated by Guerrero et al. (2008a), with only a small broadening of some measurement ranges such as odontophore length (46-57 vs 42-55 µ m), body diam. (68-92 vs 56-86 µ m; a = 17-24 vs 19-32) and tail length (17-23 vs 22-37 µ m; cļ = 0.4-0.6 vs 0.5-0.7). The following features have been considered of special relevance when comparing this species with E. babakicus n. sp.: i) labial constriction absent vs present; ii) vulva strikingly more anterior (V = 41.5-44.5 vs 44- 49); iii) slightly shorter uterus (119-149 vs 130-175 µ m or 1.6-2.2 vs 1.9-2.5 times corresponding body diam.); iv) males not found vs common (all Enchodelus males found in the sample had a lip morphology typical of E. babakicus n. sp. which had a sex ratio of 1.23 females per male). This evidence supports the suggestion by Guerrero et al. (2008a) that E. macrodorus males are very rare. In that study, 30 records of E. macrodorus were analysed, 12 of these being considered as reasonably confirmed although only three reported the presence of males. Detailed descriptions of E. macrodorus males are not available in the literature and there are no data on important measurements, such as spicule length, which could support a more accurate diagnosis.
Individuals identified as E. macrodorus were collected from the same sample as E. babakicus n. sp. and represent the first report of this species from Iran.
description: Published as part of Pedram, Majid, Niknam, Gholamreza, Guerrero, Pablo, Ye, Weimin & Robbins, Robert T., 2009, Morphological and molecular characterisation of Enchodelus babakicus n. sp. and E. macrodorus Thorne, 1939 (Nematoda: Nordiidae) from Iran, pp. 895-907 in Nematology 11 (6) on page 902, DOI: 10.1163/156854109X430563, http://zenodo.org/record/8114788