Mulinia cleryana
Creators: name: Signorelli, Javier H.
name: Pastorino, Guido
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Bivalvia
Veneroida
Mactridae
Mulinia
Mulinia cleryana

description: Mulinia cleryana (d´Orbigny, 1846)
Figure 8 A–G
Mactra cleryana d’Orbigny, 1846 in 1834–1847: 510.
Mactra guadelupensis Récluz, 1852: 249, pl. 10, figs. 4–4´; Beau, 1853: 414; Ijzerman, 1931: 36.
Mulinea portoricensis Shuttleworth, 1856: 174; Adams & Adams, 1856 in 1853–1858: 380; Conrad, 1868: 31.
Mactra carinulata Deshayes in Reeve, 1854, pl. 10, fig. 38.
Mulinia portoricensis (Shuttleworth, 1856) — Adams & Adams, 1856 in 1853–1858: 380.
Mactra guadeloupensis, (Récluz, 1852) — Krebs, 1864: 105; Weinkauff, 1884: 33, pl. 11, figs. 1–3.
Mactra donacaeformis Krebs, 1864: 105 (non Gray, 1837, Mulinia donaciformis Gray, 1837, p. 376).
Mactra gaudelupensis (Récluz, 1852) — Conrad 1868: 32
Trigonella guadelupensis (Récluz, 1852) — Conrad, 1868: 37.
Gnathodon guadelupensis (Récluz, 1852) — Sowerby in Reeve, 1873: pl. 1, fig. 2.
Gnathodon cantrainei Récluz ms., Sowerby in Reeve, 1873: pl.1, fig. 2— Gundlach, 1883a: 58; Dall, 1894b: 27.
Mactra portoricensis (Shuttleworth, 1856) — Weinkauff, 1884: 30, pl. 11, fig. 1–3; Schepman, 1887: 164; d’Audretsch, 1953: 239.
Mulinia guadelupensis, Dall, 1894a: 104; 1894b: 27; Lamy, 1918: 341.
Mulinia branneri Dall, 1901: 145.
Mulinia portoricensis, Warmke & Abbott, 1961: 204, fig. 43d.
Mulinia cleryana, Weisbord, 1964: 382, pl. 55, fig. 3–6; Altena, 1968: 159; 1969: 178; 1971: 51, pl. 4, fig. 13–15; Rios, 1970: 196; 1975: 236, pl. 75, fig. 1133; 1985: 244, pl. 86, fig. 1215; 1994: 266, pl. 91, fig. 1297; 2009: 537, fig. 1491; Abbott, 1974: 491.
Diagnosis. Shell trigonal, anterior and posterior end well defined and closer to the ventral edge than to the dorsal edge; posterior carina delimited by a ridge, average size up to 30 mm in length.
Description. Shell trigonal, inflated, inequilateral, umbones placed about half shell length, inflated and prosogyrate; posterodorsal area defined by a conspicuous keel-like carina (Figs. 8 A–E); anterodorsal area wide but not defined by a lunule; anterior and posterior ends low and well defined; ventral margin sinuous; external surface smooth without concentric ridges, maximum shell length measured 36 mm; right hinge with two anterior and two posterior lateral teeth (AI, AIII, PI & PIII) strong and short, being the ventral more elongated, two divergent and unfused cardinal (3a & 3b) teeth, the 3b vertically oriented (Fig. 8 F); left hinge with the usual V-shaped cardinal tooth (2a–b), flanked by an accessory lamella (4b), one anterior and one posterior lateral tooth (AII & PII) complete the hinge; anterior adductor muscle scars semielliptical, posterior oval; pallial sinus low and V-shaped (Fig. 8 G). Shell ultrastructure with two layers as the other species studied.
Type material. [Mactra cleryana] NHMUK 1854.12.4.670, three syntypes; [Mactra guadelupensis] MNHN unnumbered, two syntypes; [Mulinea portoricensis] NMBE 501777, one syntype; [Gnathodon cantrainei] types not found at NHMUK; [Mulinia branneri] USNM 107829, holotype, one complete specimen, CAS-IZ 64436.00, paratype, one RV.
Type locality. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Other material examined. United States of America—Texas (ANSP 217231). Central America — Sonora, Mexico (AMNH 131270); Punta Gorda, Belize (ANSP 282500); Haiti (USNM 439219, 440574, 440218, 440208, 439225, 439273, 440063, 383161, 439372, 367371, 383301, 439206); Santo Domingo (FURG 37443; USNM 367281, 367254, 379850; ANSP 173315); Puerto Rico (MNRJ 1297, 1298; 13049; USNM 523629, 464238, 128324; AMNH 34073); Guadeloupe Islands (AMNH 34106, 34131); Trinidad (USNM 365250; ANSP 263921). Venezuela — Venezuela (USNM 381915). Guyana—British Guyana (USNM 432392, 889595). Brazil—Salinópolis (MZUSP 22264); São Luís do Maranhão (FURG 13751; MZUSP 14669); Aquiraz, Ceará (MZUSP 81810); Ceará (MZUSP 13050); Fortaleza (FURG 34384, 34427; MZUSP 22265, 81787); Morro Branco, Ceará (MZUSP 22266); Areia Branca (MZUSP 40119); Natal (ANSP 300239); Rio Grande do Norte (ANSP 300283); Pernambuco (MZUSP 45285, 45308, 45399); Cabedelo, Paraiba (MZUSP 41386, 413339); Paripueira (MZUSP 22267; FURG 37481); Alagoas (FURG 1952); Maceió (FURG 34396); Aracajú (MNRJ 72); Alcobaça (AMNH 91580); Caravelas (MZUSP 22268); Bahia (USNM 337300; FURG 29303); Rio Caravelas (FURG 29267); Espírito Santo (MZUSP 32544,66340); Regência (MZUSP 82670); Vitória (MZUSP 22269); Rio de Janeiro (MZUSP 22270); Angra dos Reis (MZUSP 63184, 63260); Ilha Grande (MZUSP 22271, 22272); Recreio des Bandeirantes (USNM 487373); Bertioga (MNHNM 7345); Iguapé (MZUSP 79652); Ilha Comprida (MZUSP 22292); Peruíbe (AMNH 120412); Praia Grande (MZUSP 62790, 83971, 60010, 60001, 60017; FURG 21063); São Sebastião (MZUSP 301, 312); Santos (MLP 9385; ANSP 195118, 195133, MNHNM 7338; USNM 359301; MZUSP 15169, 22288, 22289, 22290; MACN-In 5091; 42635); São Paulo (MZUSP 13051, 14971, 15137, 22291, 22293, 32936, 43019, 43892, 44986, 44990, 45027, 45029, 45143, 45177, 59079, 60019, 60022, 60028, 60038, 60057, 60066, 62325, 79140, 80330, 80741, 80980; FURG 18885, 267, 31563, 34412, MNHNM 7341); Ubatuba (MACN-In 1824); Paraná (MZUSP 15080, 22295, 15078, 15083); Camboriú (MZUSP 15071); Itapema (MZUSP 22297); Itajaí (MZUSP 34621); Santa Catarina (MNRJ 1015; MZUSP 13047, 13055, 22296); Rio Grande do Sul (FURG 22336, 813, 23692).
Distribution. Gulf of Mexico to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Remarks. Mulinia cleryana, dedicated to M. Cléry, is a valid species. The synonym list includes Mactra guadelupensis Récluz, 1852 (Figs. 9 A–D), Mulinea portoricensis Shuttleworth, 1856 (Figs. 9 E–F), Mactra carinulata Deshayes in Reeve, 1854, Gnathodon cantrainei Sowerby in Reeve, 1873 and Mulinia branneri Dall, 1901 (Figs. 9 G–K). The type materials of all these nominal species were examined and their status confirmed. Conrad (1868) mentioned Mactra grandis Deshayes & Milne-Edwards, 1835 (not Gmelin, 1791) and Mactra lamarckii Philippi, 1846 as synonyms of M. cleryana. However, the examined original illustrations of both species differ clearly from the type of d’Orbigny's species. There exists no type material of Mactra grandis and Mactra lamarckii. The first one is an illustration published by Lamarck in Bruguière et al. in the “Encyclopédie Méthodique” (1797, pl. 253, Fig. 1 a–b); and cited later by Deshayes & Milne-Edwards (1835) making erroneously reference to Mactra grandis Gmelin, 1791. Later, Philippi (1846) introduced a new name for the illustration given by Lamarck. The two nominal taxa should not be considered synonymous with M. cleryana.
Although the examination of type material confirms the synonymy list, preliminary results from geometric morphometric studies suggest a shell variation along the specimens examined. This variation, currently in process of study suggest the presence of a Caribbean and a Brazilian morphotype. Finally the shell characters observed in Mulinia cleryana separate this species from the superficially similar Mactra isabelleana d´Orbigny, 1846. The main differences are the absence of an external ligament, smaller shell length and the posterior keel-like carina in the Brazilian species.
description: Published as part of Signorelli, Javier H. & Pastorino, Guido, 2012, Taxonomic revision of Brazilian Mactridae Lamarck, 1809 (Bivalvia: Cardiida), pp. 30-53 in Zootaxa 3245 on pages 42-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3245.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6544861