cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generalized mean field description of entanglement in dimerized spin systems
Creators: name: Boette, A.
name: Rossignoli, R.
name: Canosa, N.
name: Matera, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a generalized self-consistent mean field (MF) treatment, based on the selection of an arbitrary subset of operators for representing the system density matrix, and its application to the problem of entanglement evaluation in composite quantum systems. As a specific example, we examine in detail a pair MF approach to the ground state (GS) of dimerized spin 1/2 systems with anisotropic ferromagnetic-type XY and XYZ couplings in a transverse field, including chains and arrays with first neighbor and also longer range couplings. The approach is fully analytic and able to capture the main features of the GS of these systems, in contrast with the conventional single spin MF. Its phase diagram differs significantly from that of the latter, exhibiting (Sz) parity breaking just in a finite field window if the coupling between pairs is sufficiently weak, together with a fully dimerized phase below this window and a partially aligned phase above it. It is then shown that through symmetry restoration, the approach is able to correctly predict not only the concurrence of a pair, but also its entanglement with the rest of the chain, which shows a pronounced peak in the parity breaking window. Perturbative corrections allow to reproduce more subtle observables like the entanglement between weakly coupled spins and the low lying energy spectrum. All predictions are tested against exact results for finite systems.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. Final version
Plain language summary for the manuscript: Malignancy risk with tofacitinib versus TNF inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis: results from the open-label, randomised controlled ORAL Surveillance trial
Creators: name: Curtis, Jeffrey R
name: Yamaoka, Kunihiro
name: Chen, Yi-Hsing
name: Bhatt, Deepak L
name: Gunay, Levent M
name: Sugiyama, Naonobu
name: Connell, Carol A
name: Wang, Cunshan
name: Wu, Joseph
name: Menon, Sujatha
name: Vranic, Ivana
name: Gómez-Reino, Juan J
Publisher: name: Pfizer
Year: 2023
Subjects: Rheumatology and arthritis

description: This is a plain language summary (PLS) of an article published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. This PLS is not peer-reviewed. The publisher of the original manuscript was not involved in the preparation of this PLS and has neither reviewed nor approved its content.
Remote creation of a one-qubit mixed state through a short homogeneous spin-1/2 chain
Creators: name: Zenchuk, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a method of remote mixed state creation of a one-qubit subsystem (receiver) in a spin-1/2 chain governed by the nearest-neighbor $XY$-Hamiltonian. Owing to the evolution of the chain along with the variable local unitary transformation of the one- or two-qubit sender, a large variety of receiver states can be created during some time interval starting with a fixed initial state of the whole quantum system. These states form the creatable region of the receiver's state-space. It is remarkable that, having the two-qubit sender, a large creatable region may be covered at a properly fixed time instant $t_0$ using just the variable local unitary transformation of the sender. In this case we have completely local control of the remote state creation. In general, for a given initial state, there are such receiver's states that may not be created using the above tool. These states form the unavailable region. In turn, this unavailable region might be the creatable region of another sender. Thus, in future, we have a way to share the whole receiver's state-space among the creatable regions of several senders. The effectiveness of remote state creation is characterized by the density function of the creatable region.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures
Enhanced Publication Content for the manuscript: Malignancy risk with tofacitinib versus TNF inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis: results from the open-label, randomised controlled ORAL Surveillance trial
Creators: name: R Curtis, Jeffrey
name: Yamaoka, Kunihiro
name: Chen, Yi-Hsing
name: Bhatt, Deepak L
name: Gunay, Levent M
name: Sugiyama, Naonobu
name: Connell, Carol A
name: Wang, Cunshan
name: Wu, Joseph
name: Menon, Sujatha
name: Vranic, Ivana
name: Gómez-Reino, Juan J
Publisher: name: Pfizer
Year: 2023
Subjects: Rheumatology and arthritis

description: This is an infographic abstract of an article published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. This infographic abstract is not peer-reviewed. The publisher of the original manuscript was not involved in the preparation of this infographic abstract and has neither reviewed nor approved its content.
Convex Biclustering
Creators: name: Chi, Eric C.
name: Allen, Genevera I.
name: Baraniuk, Richard G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the biclustering problem, we seek to simultaneously group observations and features. While biclustering has applications in a wide array of domains, ranging from text mining to collaborative filtering, the problem of identifying structure in high dimensional genomic data motivates this work. In this context, biclustering enables us to identify subsets of genes that are co-expressed only within a subset of experimental conditions. We present a convex formulation of the biclustering problem that possesses a unique global minimizer and an iterative algorithm, COBRA, that is guaranteed to identify it. Our approach generates an entire solution path of possible biclusters as a single tuning parameter is varied. We also show how to reduce the problem of selecting this tuning parameter to solving a trivial modification of the convex biclustering problem. The key contributions of our work are its simplicity, interpretability, and algorithmic guarantees - features that arguably are lacking in the current alternative algorithms. We demonstrate the advantages of our approach, which includes stably and reproducibly identifying biclusterings, on simulated and real microarray data.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures
Collisions of matter-wave solitons
Creators: name: Nguyen, Jason H. V.
name: Dyke, Paul
name: Luo, De
name: Malomed, Boris A.
name: Hulet, Randall G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solitons are localised wave disturbances that propagate without changing shape, a result of a nonlinear interaction which compensates for wave packet dispersion. Individual solitons may collide, but a defining feature is that they pass through one another and emerge from the collision unaltered in shape, amplitude, or velocity. This remarkable property is mathematically a consequence of the underlying integrability of the one-dimensional (1D) equations, such as the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, that describe solitons in a variety of wave contexts, including matter-waves$^{1,2}$. Here we explore the nature of soliton collisions using Bose-Einstein condensates of atoms with attractive interactions confined to a quasi-one-dimensional waveguide. We show by real-time imaging that a collision between solitons is a complex event that differs markedly depending on the relative phase between the solitons. Yet, they emerge from the collision unaltered in shape or amplitude, but with a new trajectory reflecting a discontinuous jump. By controlling the strength of the nonlinearity we shed new light on these fundamental features of soliton collisional dynamics, and explore the implications of collisions that bring the wave packets out of the realm of integrability, where they may undergo catastrophic collapse. 1. Zabusky, N.J. & Kruskal, M.D. Interaction of "solitons" in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states. Phys. Rev. Lett. 15, 240 (1965). 2. Zakharov, V.E. & Shabat, A.B. Exact theory of two-dimensional self-focusing and one-dimensional self-moduation of waves in nonlinear media. Sov. Phys. JEPT. 34, 62 (1972).
Edge binding of sine-Gordon solitons in spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Peotta, Sebastiano
name: Mireles, Francisco
name: Di Ventra, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent experiments with ultracold gases a Raman coupling scheme is used to produce both spin-orbit (SO) and Zeeman-type couplings [Y.-J. Lin et al., Nature 471, 83 (2011)]. Their competition drives a phase transition to a magnetized state with broken $Z_2$ symmetry. Using a hydrodynamic approach we study a confined binary condensate subject to both SO and Zeeman-type couplings. We find that in the limit of small healing length and in the phase with unbroken symmetry, the boundary magnetization profile has an analytical solution in the form of a sine-Gordon soliton. The soliton is bound to the edge of the system by the nontrivial boundary condition resulting from the combined effect of the SO coupling and the drop in the particle density. The same boundary condition is important in the magnetized phase as well, where we characterize numerically the boundary spin structure. We further discuss how the nontrivial magnetization structure affects the density profile near the boundary, yet another prediction that can be tested in current experiments of spin-orbit coupled condensates.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, published version
Enhanced Publication Content for the manuscript: Malignancy risk with tofacitinib versus TNF inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis: results from the open-label, randomised controlled ORAL Surveillance trial
Creators: name: R Curtis, Jeffrey
name: Yamaoka, Kunihiro
name: Chen, Yi-Hsing
name: Bhatt, Deepak L
name: Gunay, Levent M
name: Sugiyama, Naonobu
name: Connell, Carol A
name: Wang, Cunshan
name: Wu, Joseph
name: Menon, Sujatha
name: Vranic, Ivana
name: Gómez-Reino, Juan J
Publisher: name: Pfizer
Year: 2023
Subjects: Rheumatology and arthritis

description: This is enhanced publication content of an article published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. This enhanced publication content is not peer-reviewed. The publisher of the original manuscript was not involved in the preparation of this infographic abstract and has neither reviewed nor approved its content.
Intersection and proximity of processes of flats
Creators: name: Hug, Daniel
name: Thaele, Christoph
name: Weil, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 44A15, 52A22, 60D05, Secondary 52A39, 53C65, 60F05, 60G55

description: Weakly stationary random processes of $k$-dimensional affine subspaces (flats) in $\mathbb{R}^n$ are considered. If $2k\geq n$, then intersection processes are investigated, while in the complementary case $2k
Consumer profiling of generation Z and the impact on marketplace
Creators: name: Gao, Tony
name: Xu, Joyce
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Generation Z refers to the population group born between 2000 and 2009. Over the past few years, the purchasing power of Generation Z has been significant enough to be considered a dominant consumer group. Since their characteristics strongly influence their preferences and decision-making, we believe that studying the consumer profiling of Generation Z is essential for retailers. Our research focuses on three major components of Generation Z consumers: ethical consumerism, individuality, and digital nativism. We also examine the implications of these features in the marketplace and utilize knowledge of psychology to evaluate them. The study of consumer profiling of Generation Z and its impact on the marketplace can be applied to the secular marketplace. It is a crucial factor for retailers to consider when developing their marketing strategies and brand image.
The RIVUR Voiding Cystourethrogram Pilot Study: Experience with Radiologic Reading Concordance
Creators: name: Zerin, J. Michael
name: Chesney, Russell W.
name: Chow, Jean
name: Greenfield, Saul P.
name: Carpenter, Myra A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Published cohorts of children with vesicoureteral reflux placed on antibiotic prophylaxis differ in baseline characteristics and methodology. These data have been combined in meta-analyses to derive treatment recommendations. We analyzed these cohorts in an attempt to understand the disparate outcomes reported.
La novela histórica mexicana del siglo XIX sobre la Inquisición y su ejercicio de consolidar el proyecto de nación
Creators: name: Ruiz Muñoz, Hilda
Publisher: name: Redoma
Year: 2022

description: El artículo propone una reflexión en torno a la novela histórica que, desde su origen, plantea las crisis sociales como materia de ficción, recrea personajes de carácter ‘omninacional’ y encuentra en ello el medio de agrupar a las masas a través de una literatura propia que las lleva a consolidar su identidad e historia nacionales. En el caso de la narrativa mexicana decimonónica, el repudio a la Colonia y a la Inquisición servirá como tema que haga frente a la disolución social ocasionada por las guerrillas que el movimiento independentista ocasionaba y se ejemplifica, a partir de tres novelas sobre la Inquisición –El inquisidor de México, de José Joaquín Pesado, La hija del judío, de Justo Sierra O’ Reilly, y Monja y casada, virgen y mártir, de Vicente Riva Palacio–, cómo la intención de los autores orienta a las obras hacia una postura que busca la fidelidad al acontecimiento histórico y otra que, a partir de un discurso ideologizado, construye estereotipos que conminan a la consolidación del régimen que se desea establecer.
description: Redoma, Vol. 2 Núm. 6 (2022): Redoma, octubre-diciembre 2022
Solution to the quantum Zermelo navigation problem
Creators: name: Brody, Dorje C.
name: Meier, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solution to the problem of finding a time-optimal control Hamiltonian to generate a given unitary gate, in an environment in which there exists an uncontrollable ambient Hamiltonian (e.g., a background field), is obtained. In the classical context, finding the time-optimal way to steer a ship in the presence of a background wind or current is known as the Zermelo navigation problem, whose solution can be obtained by working out geodesic curves on a space equipped with a Randers metric. The solution to the quantum Zermelo problem, which is shown here to take a remarkably simple form, is likewise obtained by finding explicit solutions to the geodesic equations of motion associated with a Randers metric on the space of unitary operators. The result reveals that the optimal control in a sense `goes along with the wind'.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Fully-implicit log-conformation formulation of constitutive laws
Creators: name: Knechtges, Philipp
name: Behr, Marek
name: Elgeti, Stefanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76A10 (Primary), 76M10 (Secondary)

description: Subject of this paper is the derivation of a new constitutive law in terms of the logarithm of the conformation tensor that can be used as a full substitute for the 2D governing equations of the Oldroyd-B, Giesekus and other models. One of the key features of these new equations is that - in contrast to the original log-conf equations given by Fattal and Kupferman (2004) - these constitutive equations combined with the Navier-Stokes equations constitute a self-contained, non-iterative system of partial differential equations. In addition to its potential as a fruitful source for understanding the mathematical subtleties of the models from a new perspective, this analytical description also allows us to fully utilize the Newton-Raphson algorithm in numerical simulations, which by design should lead to reduced computational effort. By means of the confined cylinder benchmark we will show that a finite element discretization of these new equations delivers results of comparable accuracy to known methods.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Automation and social impacts: winners and losers
Creators: name: Charlton, Diane
name: Hill, Alexandra E.
name: Taylor, J. Edward
name: Charlton, Diane
name: Hill, Alexandra E.
name: Taylor, J. Edward
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: agrifood systems
subject: agricultural transformation
subject: digital agriculture
subject: automation
subject: labour saving technologies
subject: social impact assessment
subject: income distribution

description: Understanding the social implications of automation in agriculture, from tractors in low-income countries to high-tech artificial intelligence (AI) solutions found mostly in high-income countries, requires viewing technology change on farms within the broader context of the agricultural transformation and agrifood systems, as well as changing economic incentives to develop and adopt labour-saving technologies. This paper provides an overview of the social implications of automation in agriculture, focusing on labour and employment, and provides policy recommendations. This working paper was developed as a background document for the FAO report "The State of Food and Agriculture 2022 – Leveraging automation in agriculture for transforming agrifood systems" (https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9479en).
description: FAO Document Repository: https://doi.org/10.4060/cc2610en
Economics of adoption for digital automated technologies in agriculture
Creators: name: Lowenberg-DeBoer, James
name: Lowenberg-DeBoer, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: agricultural sector
subject: automation
subject: digital agriculture
subject: impact assessment
subject: income distribution
subject: policies regulation

description: This working paper investigates the appropriateness of a wide range of digital solutions for agriculture, including in low- and middle-income countries, and, based on available evidence, summarizes the expected (social, economic and environmental) impacts of such technologies. It further discusses the main drivers and barriers to adoption, and the role of policies and regulations in creating an enabling environment. This working paper was developed as a background document for the FAO report "The State of Food and Agriculture 2022 – Leveraging automation in agriculture for transforming agrifood systems" (https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9479en).
description: FAO Document Repository: https://doi.org/10.4060/cc2624en
Cardiopulmonary Bypass has No Significant Impact on Survival in Patients Undergoing Nephrectomy and Level III-IV Inferior Vena Cava Thrombectomy: Multi-Institutional Analysis
Creators: name: Hohenfellner, Markus
name: McKiernan, James M.
name: Vergho, Daniel
name: Terrone, Carlo
name: Palou, Juan
name: Gonzalez, Javier
name: Tilki, Derya
name: Russo, Paul
name: Linares Espinós, Estefania
name: Pruthi, Raj S.
name: Nguyen, Hao G.
name: Montorsi, Francesco
name: Mandel, Philipp
name: Chandrasekar, Thenappan
name: Daneshmand, Siamak
name: Carballido, Joaquín A.
name: Durbin-Johnson, Blythe
name: Ciancio, Gaetano
name: Scherr, Douglas S.
name: Huang, William C.
name: Wallen, Eric M.
name: Haferkamp, Axel
name: Martinez-Salamanca, Juan I.
name: Chromecki, Thomas
name: Gontero, Paolo
name: Dall’Era, Marc A.
name: Master, Viraj A.
name: Pahernik, Sascha
name: Rodriguez-Faba, Oscar
name: Novara, Giacomo
name: Spahn, Martin
name: Shariat, Shahrokh F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The impact of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) usage in level III-IV tumor thrombectomy on surgical and oncologic outcomes is unknown. We sought to determine the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on overall and cancer specific survival, as well as surgical complication rates, and immediate outcomes in patients undergoing nephrectomy and level III-IV tumor thrombectomy with or without CPB.
Asymmetric quantum transport in a double-stranded Kronig-Penney model
Creators: name: Cheon, Taksu
name: Poghosyan, Sergey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a double-stranded Kronig-Penney model and analyze its transport properties. The asymmetric fluxes between two strands with suddenly alternating localization patterns are found as the energy is varied. The zero-size limit of the internal lines connecting two strands is examined using quantum graph vertices with four edges. We also consider a two-dimensional Kronig-Penney lattice with two types of alternating layers with $δ$ and $δ'$ connections, and show that the existence of energy bands in which the quantum flux can flow only in selected directions.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
Brain Tumour Detection Using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Mrs.Manjula Devi P, Abdullah, Abrar Pasha, Ameer Ul Haq, Mirza Wasi Abbas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Brain tumors are among the deadliest diseases affecting humans, often leading to rapid fatality if not identified and treated at an early stage. However, relying solely on visual examination can sometimes result in inaccuracies, and seeking expert assistance may be expensive or inaccessible. In this context, deep learning (DL) has emerged as a transformative approach for detecting tumors in medical images. This work proposes a modified DL-based model leveraging EfficientNet-B0, a variant of the EfficientNet (EN) family, to classify MRI scans as tumorous or non-tumorous. The model incorporates multiple deep layers and employs the Soft Max classifier for image classification. A substantial dataset of MRI images was utilized to train and evaluate themodel, addressing a limitation in prior studies, which often used smaller datasets. Notably, few studies have explored the application of the EfficientNet architecture for brain tumor detection. Our model achieved a detection accuracy of 99.97%, with a precision of 91.63%, an F1-score of 86.94%, and a recall of 85.49%. These results indicate that our model outperforms previous EfficientNet-based approaches in terms of detection accuracy.
title: Inversion of myths, mixture of plotlines and representation of "Orature" in Thomas King's "Green Grass, Running Water"
Creators: name: Todoric, Lucija
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit greift den Roman “Green Grass, Running Water” von Thomas King auf und untersucht dessen gegenwärtige Wichtigkeit durch die Perspektiven von sowohl postmodernen als auch postkolonialen Theorien, sowie durch die Anwendung von Thomas Kings Sachliteratur und wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten, um die Inversion von Mythen, das Gemisch von Handlungsfäden und Charakteren und die Bedeutsamkeit von mündlichen Erzählungen zu analysieren. Diese Arbeit erforscht die Meistererzählungen über autochthone Völker und Kulturen Nordamerikas, die in diesem Roman erörtert werden. Des Weiteren sind der Fokus der Analyse die vier Stammesältesten und deren Fassungen der Geschichten aus dem Buche Genesis, Charaktergruppen, die die Struktur der Romans gestalten und die verschiedenen Elemente von mündlicher Literatur, die ebenfalls im Roman zu finden sind.
description: This thesis revisits Thomas King’s novel Green Grass, Running Water and examines its present-day importance through the lens of postmodern and postcolonial theories, as well as employing Thomas King’s non-fiction and academic writings in order to analyze the inversion of myths, mixture of plotlines and characters and the significance of oral literature. The thesis investigates the novel’s discussions on grand narratives about the Indigenous peoples and cultures in North America. Furthermore, the analysis’ focus are the four elders and their versions of the Genesis stories, character groups that form the novel’s structure and the various elements of oral litera-ture found within the novel.
Alcohol-induced retrograde facilitation? Mixed evidence in a preregistered replication and encoding-maintenance-retrieval analysis: Electronic Supplemental Material (ESM)
Creators: name: Quevedo Pütter, Julian
name: Erdfelder, Edgar
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This registration contains the electronic supplemental material (ESM) for the unpublished registered report Stage-2 manuscript "Alcohol-induced retrograde facilitation? Mixed evidence in a preregistered replication and encoding-maintenance-retrieval analysis" on PsyArXiv.
Stable and unstable cosmological models in bimetric massive gravity
Creators: name: Könnig, Frank
name: Akrami, Yashar
name: Amendola, Luca
name: Motta, Mariele
name: Solomon, Adam R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear, ghost-free massive gravity has two tensor fields; when both are dynamical, the mass of the graviton can lead to cosmic acceleration that agrees with background data, even in the absence of a cosmological constant. Here the question of the stability of linear perturbations in this bimetric theory is examined. Instabilities are presented for several classes of models, and simple criteria for the cosmological stability of massive bigravity are derived. In this way, we identify a particular self-accelerating bigravity model, infinite-branch bigravity (IBB), which exhibits both viable background evolution and stable linear perturbations. We discuss the modified gravity parameters for IBB, which do not reduce to the standard $Λ$CDM result at early times, and compute the combined likelihood from measured growth data and type Ia supernovae. IBB predicts a present matter density $Ω_{m0}=0.18$ and an equation of state $w(z)=-0.79+0.21z/(1+z)$. The growth rate of structure is well-approximated at late times by $f(z)\approxΩ_{m}^{0.47}[1+0.21z/(1+z)]$. The implications of the linear instability for other bigravity models are discussed: the instability does not necessarily rule these models out, but rather presents interesting questions about how to extract observables from them when linear perturbation theory does not hold.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, version published in PRD
A Meta-analysis of Four Genome-Wide Association Studies of Survival to Age 90 Years or Older: The Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium
Creators: name: Fitzpatrick, Annette L.
name: Hofman, Albert
name: Aulchenko, Yurii S.
name: Christiansen, Lene
name: Newman, Anne B.
name: Kaplan, Robert
name: Walter, Stefan
name: Kelly-Hayes, Margaret
name: Smith, Albert V.
name: Arnold, Alice M.
name: Gudnason, Vilmundur
name: Miljkovic, Iva
name: Psaty, Bruce M.
name: Rivadeneira, Fernando
name: D'Agostino, Ralph B.
name: Launer, Lenore J.
name: Hernandez, Dena
name: Slagboom, P. Eline
name: Massaro, Joseph M.
name: Rotter, Jerome
name: Lunetta, Kathryn L.
name: Christensen, Kaare
name: Karasik, David
name: Nalls, Michael A.
name: Glazer, Nicole L.
name: Kiel, Douglas P.
name: Garcia, Melissa E.
name: Seshadri, Sudha
name: Franceschini, Nora
name: Aspelund, Thor
name: Marciante, Kristin D.
name: Benjamin, Emelia J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) may yield insights into longevity.
Geochemistry of silicate-rich rocks can curtail spreading of carbon dioxide in subsurface aquifers
Creators: name: Cardoso, Silvana S. S.
name: Andres, Jeanne T. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pools of carbon dioxide are found in natural geological accumulations and in engineered storage in saline aquifers. It has been thought that once this CO2 dissolves in the formation water, making it denser, convection streams will transport it efficiently to depth, but this may not be so. Here, we assess theoretically and experimentally the impact of natural chemical reactions between the dissolved CO2 and the rock formation on the convection streams in the subsurface. We show that, while in carbonate rocks the streaming of dissolved carbon dioxide persists, the chemical interactions in silicate-rich rocks may curb this transport drastically and even inhibit it altogether. These results challenge our view of carbon sequestration and dissolution rates in the subsurface, suggesting that pooled carbon dioxide may remain in the shallower regions of the formation for hundreds to thousands of years. The deeper regions of the reservoir can remain virtually carbon free.
Cerebral Oxygenation in Wake and During Sleep and Its Relationship to Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Without Sleep Disordered Breathing
Creators: name: Hartman, Marilyn
name: Bliwise, Donald L.
name: Carlson, John R.
name: Carlson, Barbara W.
name: Neelon, Virginia J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: This descriptive cross-sectional study investigated the relationships between cerebral oxygen reserve and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults.
Magnonic band structure of domain wall magnonic crystals
Creators: name: Wang, D.
name: Zhou, Yan
name: Li, Zhi-xiong
name: Nie, Yaozhuang
name: Wang, Xi-guang
name: Guo, Guang-hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnonic crystals are prototype magnetic metamaterials designed for the control of spin wave propagation. Conventional magnonic crystals are composed of single domain elements. If magnetization textures, such as domain walls, vortices and skyrmions, are included in the building blocks of magnonic crystals, additional degrees of freedom over the control of the magnonic band structure can be achieved. We theoretically investigate the influence of domain walls on the spin wave propagation and the corresponding magnonic band structure. It is found that the rotation of magnetization inside a domain wall introduces a geometric vector potential for the spin wave excitation. The corresponding Berry phase has quantized value $4 n_w π$, where $n_w$ is the winding number of the domain wall. Due to the topological vector potential, the magnonic band structure of magnonic crystals with domain walls as comprising elements differs significantly from an identical magnonic crystal composed of only magnetic domains. This difference can be utilized to realize dynamic reconfiguration of magnonic band structure by a sole nucleation or annihilation of domain walls in magnonic crystals.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Ever-English Learners’ K-16 Trajectories: Evidence from Texas
Creators: name: Callahan, Rebecca
name: Schudde, Lauren
name: Pack-Cosme, Kimberly
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ever-EL
high school graduation
college enrollment
four-year college
two-year college

description: Purpose. Ever-ELs comprise the fastest growing K-12 student population, accounting for one in ten students nationally, and at minimum one in five students in large states like Texas and California. Most of what we know about their college-entrance patterns, however, focuses on youth who were EL-identified during high school, not those who may have exited ELD services previously. Research Methods/ Approaches. In the present study, we use multilevel models and statewide administrative K-12 and higher education longitudinal data to examine how ever-EL status predicts five outcomes: high school graduation, application to a four-year college, any college enrollment, and level of college attended. Findings. We show that, descriptively, ever-EL students differ significantly from their non-EL peers on a wide range of student and school characteristics, necessitating models that account for the many covariates of college going. Our models show that ever-EL status is associated with a greater likelihood of graduating from high school. Among high school graduates, ever-ELs are significantly more likely to enroll in college within three years of high school graduation than non-ELs; however, this is because they are significantly more likely to attend a two-year college and less likely to attend a four-year institution. Implications. In many ways, high schools perform the task asked of them—graduating EL students. However, given the increasing economic importance of a postsecondary credential in the labor market, ever-EL students remain underserved by Texas schools. We close with recommendations for policy and practice.
Vanishing cotangent cohomology for Plücker algebras
Creators: name: Christophersen, Jan Arthur
name: Ilten, Nathan Owen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use representation theory and Bott's theorem to show vanishing of higher cotangent cohomology modules for the homogeneous coordinate ring of Grassmannians in the Plücker embedding. As a biproduct we answer a question of Wahl about the cohomology of the square of the ideal sheaf for the case of Plücker relations.
description: Some results generalized to isotropic Grassmannians
Toric ideals associated with gap-free graphs
Creators: name: D'Alì, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13P10, 05E40

description: In this article we prove that every toric ideal associated with a gap-free graph $G$ has a squarefree lexicographic initial ideal. Moreover, in the particular case when the complementary graph of $G$ is chordal (i.e. when the edge ideal of $G$ has a linear resolution), we show that there exists a reduced Gröbner basis $\mathcal{G}$ of the toric ideal of $G$ such that all the monomials in the support of $\mathcal{G}$ are squarefree. Finally, we show (using work by Herzog and Hibi) that if $I$ is a monomial ideal generated in degree 2, then $I$ has a linear resolution if and only if all powers of $I$ have linear quotients, thus extending a result by Herzog, Hibi and Zheng.
description: 13 pages, v2. To appear in Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra
Agricultural mechanization and sustainable agrifood system transformation in the Global South
Creators: name: Daum, Thomas
name: Daum, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: agrifood systems
subject: agricultural mechanization
subject: automation
subject: agricultural transformation
subject: smallholders
subject: skill training
subject: investment

description: This paper provides an overview of the state of agricultural mechanization across the Global South – i.e. Eastern and South-eastern Asia, Southern Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean – and explores the potentials and risks of agricultural mechanization for the sustainable transformation of agrifood systems. A wide range of technological and institutional solutions is identified to harness the potential of agricultural mechanization for sustainable agrifood system transformation, while at the same minimizing the risks. This working paper was developed as a background document for the FAO report "The State of Food and Agriculture 2022 – Leveraging automation in agriculture for transforming agrifood systems" (https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9479en).
description: FAO Document Repository: https://doi.org/10.4060/cc2625en
Education Predicts Incidence of Preclinical Mobility Disability in Initially High-Functioning Older Women. The Women's Health and Aging Study II
Creators: name: Tian, J.
name: Gregory, P. C.
name: Szanton, S. L.
name: Fried, L. P.
name: Xue, Q.-L.
name: Thorpe, R. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: To examine the impact of educational attainment on the incidence of preclinical mobility disability (PCD).
Aspects of Renormalization in Finite Density Field Theory
Creators: name: Fitzpatrick, A. Liam
name: Torroba, Gonzalo
name: Wang, Huajia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the renormalization of the Fermi surface coupled to a massless boson near three spatial dimensions. For this, we set up a Wilsonian RG with independent decimation procedures for bosons and fermions, where the four-fermion interaction "Landau parameters" run already at tree level. Our explicit one loop analysis resolves previously found obstacles in the renormalization of finite density field theory, including logarithmic divergences in non-local interactions and the appearance of multilogarithms. The key aspects of the RG are the above tree level running, and a UV-IR mixing between virtual bosons and fermions at the quantum level, which is responsible for the renormalization of the Fermi velocity. We apply this approach to the renormalization of $2 k_F$ singularities, and a companion paper considers the RG for Fermi surface instabilities. We end with some comments on the renormalization of finite density field theory with the inclusion of Landau damping of the boson.
description: 30 pages plus Appendix. v2: typos corrected, references added
Hot super-Earths and giant planet cores from different migration histories
Creators: name: Cossou, Christophe
name: Raymond, Sean N.
name: Hersant, Franck
name: Pierens, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planetary embryos embedded in gaseous protoplanetary disks undergo Type I orbital migration. Migration can be inward or outward depending on the local disk properties but, in general, only planets more massive than several $M_\oplus$ can migrate outward. Here we propose that an embryo's migration history determines whether it becomes a hot super-Earth or the core of a giant planet. Systems of hot super-Earths (or mini-Neptunes) form when embryos migrate inward and pile up at the inner edge of the disk. Giant planet cores form when inward-migrating embryos become massive enough to switch direction and migrate outward. We present simulations of this process using a modified N-body code, starting from a swarm of planetary embryos. Systems of hot super-Earths form in resonant chains with the innermost planet at or interior to the disk inner edge. Resonant chains are disrupted by late dynamical instabilities triggered by the dispersal of the gaseous disk. Giant planet cores migrate outward toward zero-torque zones, which move inward and eventually disappear as the disk disperses. Giant planet cores migrate inward with these zones and are stranded at ~1-5 AU. Our model reproduces several properties of the observed extra-solar planet populations. The frequency of giant planet cores increases strongly when the mass in solids is increased, consistent with the observed giant exoplanet - stellar metallicity correlation. The frequency of hot super-Earths is not a function of stellar metallicity, also in agreement with observations. Our simulations can reproduce the broad characteristics of the observed super-Earth population.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures. The initial published version (in A&A) had an error in Fig 14 (which was identical to Fig 7). There is now a corrigendum. The arXiv version has always had the correct figures
Community detection in networks: Structural communities versus ground truth
Creators: name: Hric, Darko
name: Darst, Richard K.
name: Fortunato, Santo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Algorithms to find communities in networks rely just on structural information and search for cohesive subsets of nodes. On the other hand, most scholars implicitly or explicitly assume that structural communities represent groups of nodes with similar (non-topological) properties or functions. This hypothesis could not be verified, so far, because of the lack of network datasets with information on the classification of the nodes. We show that traditional community detection methods fail to find the metadata groups in many large networks. Our results show that there is a marked separation between structural communities and metadata groups, in line with recent findings. That means that either our current modeling of community structure has to be substantially modified, or that metadata groups may not be recoverable from topology alone.
description: 21 pages, 19 figures
Individual project on theme " Triticum L." (MOOC: CompTech in biology)
Creators: name: Putilina Daria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Данный кейс является результатом реализации индивидуального проекта Путилиной Дарьи по теме "Triticum L." в рамках онлайн курса "Компьютерные технологии в биологии" (автор – А.В. Ваганов) (https://stepik.org/course/60859/promo)
title: Die Taufe in der Traditio Apostolica
Creators: name: Reisinger, Max
Year: 2022

description: Diese Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Taufe in der Traditio Apostolica, welcher ein über mehrere Jahrhunderte gewachsener Text ist, der aus dem Griechischen in mehrere verschiedene Sprachen übersetzt wurde und dessen früheste Schicht spätestens in der Mitte des 2. Jahrhunderts datiert werden kann. Die Fragen zum Inhalt betreffen die Genese und Bedeutung der Taufliturgie wie sie in dem Werk dargestellt sind. Dies betrifft besonders die verschiedenen Elemente der Liturgie, wie beispielsweise dem Wasser, den Bekenntnissen und der Salbung in ihren unterschiedlichen theologischen Ausprägungen, welche die Übersetzungen preisgeben. Dies geschicht nicht ohne den Kontext des Katechumenats und der Frage nach dem Autor. Diese Arbeit macht deutlich, dass die Elemente des Taufrituals als sichtbare Deutungen einer bereits im Judentum und Neuen Testament angelegten Theologie sind und im Vergleich zu anderen antiken Zeugnissen Übereinstimmung zeigen, jedoch nicht auf eine ursprünglich einheitliche Taufliturgie geschlossen werden kann, welche die Traditio Apostolica offenbare. Die Arbeit zeigt den sakramentalen Charakter der Taufe auf, indem der Täufling darin Christus gleich wird und macht auf die Möglichkeit der Kommunikation des Evangeliums durch Zeichen in der Taufliturgie aufmerksam.
Variational principle for steady states of dissipative quantum many-body systems
Creators: name: Weimer, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel generic framework to approximate the non-equilibrium steady states of dissipative quantum many-body systems. It is based on the variational minimization of a suitable norm of the quantum master equation describing the dynamics. We show how to apply this approach to different classes of variational quantum states and demonstrate its successful application to a dissipative extension of the Ising model, which is of importance to ongoing experiments on ultracold Rydberg atoms. Finally, we identify several advantages of the variational approach over previously employed mean-field-like methods.
description: 6+2 pages, 4 figures
Sex Differences in Age Trajectories of Physiological Dysregulation: Inflammation, Metabolic Syndrome, and Allostatic Load
Creators: name: Yang, Yang
name: Kozloski, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: There is a paucity of knowledge from population data about sex differences and their age variation in physiological determinants of longevity. This study fills this gap using nationally representative samples of 38,000 individuals aged 17+ from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988–2006). It examines sex differences in the age trajectories of 14 markers of physiological functions across multiple systems and three summary indices including inflammation burden, metabolic syndrome, and allostatic load. Statistical analyses show substantial sex differences, age variations, and sex by age interaction effects for all variables examined. These patterns remain robust after adjustment of risk factors and shed light on the biological base of the reduction of sex difference in mortality in the post-reproductive life span.
Odd-frequency pair in topological superconductivity of 1D magnetic chain
Creators: name: Ebisu, Hiromi
name: Yada, Keiji
name: Kasai, Hideaki
name: Tanaka, Yukio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A chain of magnetic atoms with non-collinear spin configuration on a superconductor is a promising new system that can host Majorana Fermions (MFs). In this study, we clarify that in the presence of MFs, an odd-frequency Cooper pair is generated at the edge of the chain. Furthermore, it is revealed that this feature is robust against the distance between magnetic atoms. We also elucidate the close relationship between the pair amplitude of the odd-frequency pair, the parity of the wave function, and the direction of the MF spin. If Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling is included, MFs can be realized even in a collinear alignment of magnetic atoms, $i.e.$, in a ferromagnetic or anti-ferromagnetic chain on a superconductor. Then, the odd-frequency pairing is generated at the edge, similar to the non-collinear case. Based on our results, it can be concluded that the detection of the zero energy peak of the local density of states by scanning tunneling microscopy at the edge of the magnetic chain is strong evidence for the generation of odd-frequency pairing.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures