cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Market outlet choices in the context of changing demand for fresh meat: implications for smallholder inclusion in pork supply chain in Vietnam
Creators: name: Lapar, Ma. Lucila A.
name: Toan, Nguyen Ngoc
name: Que, Nguyen Ngoc
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Staal, Steven J.
name: Lapar, Ma. Lucila A.
name: Toan, Nguyen Ngoc
name: Que, Nguyen Ngoc
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Staal, Steven J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: market outlet choice
subject: pork supply chain
subject: smallholders
subject: Vietnam

description: This paper reports on the findings of a study to investigate market outlet choice decision-making of urban consumers in Vietnam with regards to fresh pork purchases and generate empirical evidence on factors that influence these choices. Data from a survey of 600 consumers in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City was used to estimate a multinomial logit model of market outlet choice based on three alternatives: traditional temporary market outlets, permanent open markets, and modern retail outlets. Results suggest that market outlet choice by consumers of fresh pork in urban cities of Vietnam is conditioned by factors related to mobility and level of affluence, time budgets, concerns about food safety and hygiene, proximity to market outlets, and geographical location which captures the effects of income differences, traditional marketing practices, and prevailing market infrastructure. There is a valid case for continued viability of traditional market outlets as suppliers of fresh pork to urban consumers in Vietnam.
FARM HOUSEHOLD EFFICIENCY IN MOZAMBIQUE
Creators: name: Uaiene, Rafael N.
name: Arndt, Channing
name: Uaiene, Rafael N.
name: Arndt, Channing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: stochastic frontier analysis
subject: farm production efficiency

description: This article provides estimates of farm household efficiency and its determinants among smallholder farmers in Mozambique. A translog stochastic frontier production function and a first difference model incorporating a model of farm household inefficiency effects are applied to test the existence of agricultural farm household inefficiencies and their determinants in Mozambique. The null hypothesis of equal farm household efficiency among households was rejected. Variation in farm household efficiency indicates that access to agricultural technology is a severe constraint for most farm households. Factors such as access to advisory services, access to rural credit, membership to an agricultural association, use of improved agricultural technology (irrigation, improved seeds, animal traction and chemical inputs), were found to reduce significantly the level of household farm household inefficiencies. The stochastic production frontier shifted outwards but many farmers did not move along with it. Changes in access to extension, access to credit explain changes in the inefficiency change between 2002 and 2005.
Nematicity and Orbital Depairing in Superconducting Bernal Bilayer Graphene with Strong Spin Orbit Coupling
Creators: name: Holleis, Ludwig
name: Patterson, Caitlin L.
name: Zhang, Yiran
name: Vituri, Yaar
name: Yoo, Heun Mo
name: Zhou, Haoxin
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Berg, Erez
name: Nadj-Perge, Stevan
name: Young, Andrea F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity (SC) is a ubiquitous feature of graphite allotropes, having been observed in Bernal bilayers[1], rhombohedral trilayers[2], and a wide variety of angle-misaligned multilayers[3-6]. Despite significant differences in the electronic structure across these systems, supporting the graphite layer on a WSe$_2$ substrate has been consistently observed to expand the range of SC in carrier density and temperature[7-10]. Here, we report the observation of two distinct superconducting states (denoted SC$_1$ and SC$_2$) in Bernal bilayer graphene with strong proximity-induced Ising spin-orbit coupling. Quantum oscillations show that while the normal state of SC$_1$ is consistent with the single-particle band structure, SC$_2$ emerges from a nematic normal state with broken rotational symmetry. Both superconductors are robust to in-plane magnetic fields, violating the paramagnetic limit; however, neither reach fields expected for spin-valley locked Ising superconductors. We use our knowledge of the Fermi surface geometry of SC$_1$ to argue that superconductivity is limited by orbital depairing arising from the imperfect layer polarization of the electron wavefunctions. Finally, a comparative analysis of transport and thermodynamic compressibility measurements in SC$_2$ shows that the proximity to the observed isospin phase boundaries, observed in other rhombohedral graphene allotropes, is likely coincidental, constraining theories of unconventional superconducting pairing mechanisms in theses systems.
Additional file 11 of Secreted breast tumor interstitial fluid microRNAs and their target genes are associated with triple-negative breast cancer, tumor grade, and immune infiltration
Creators: name: Terkelsen, Thilde
name: Russo, Francesco
name: Gromov, Pavel
name: Haakensen, Vilde Drageset
name: Brunak, Søren
name: Gromova, Irina
name: Krogh, Anders
name: Papaleo, Elena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 11: Figure S7. Heatmaps of DE intra-tumor mRNAs levels. Heatmaps showing the separation of tissue samples, based on the best DE mRNA candidates from Weighed Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). S7.A: luminal (A + B), Her2-enriched vs TNBC, S7.B: TIL scores, S7.C: tumor grade (plus clusters minus genes from the TILs comparison) and S7.D: estrogen receptor status. Color scale denotes expression levels, purple = high expression, and yellow = low expression.
Cosmic Ray Scattering and Streaming in Compressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence
Creators: name: Yan, Huirong
name: Lazarian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in understanding of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence call for revisions in the picture of cosmic ray transport. In this paper we use recently obtained scaling laws for MHD modes to obtain the scattering frequency for cosmic rays. Using quasilinear theory we calculate gyroresonance with MHD modes (Alfvénic, slow and fast) and transit-time damping (TTD) by fast modes. We provide calculations of cosmic ray scattering for various phases of interstellar medium with realistic interstellar turbulence driving that is consistent with the velocity dispersions observed in diffuse gas. We account for the turbulence cutoff arising from both collisional and collisionless damping. We obtain analytical expressions for diffusion coefficients that enter Fokker-Planck equation describing cosmic ray evolution. We obtain the scattering rate and show that fast modes provide the dominant contribution to cosmic ray scattering for the typical interstellar conditions in spite of the fact that fast modes are subjected to damping. We determine how the efficiency of the scattering depends on the characteristics of ionized media, e.g. plasma $β$. We calculate the range of energies for which the streaming instability is suppressed by the ambient MHD turbulence.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, to appear in ApJ 20 October 2004, v614
On Trivalent Logics, Compound Conditionals, and Probabilistic Deduction Theorems
Creators: name: Gilio, Angelo
name: Over, David E.
name: Pfeifer, Niki
name: Sanfilippo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we recall some results for conditional events, compound conditionals, conditional random quantities, p-consistency, and p-entailment. Then, we show the equivalence between bets on conditionals and conditional bets, by reviewing de Finetti's trivalent analysis of conditionals. But our approach goes beyond de Finetti's early trivalent logical analysis and is based on his later ideas, aiming to take his proposals to a higher level. We examine two recent articles that explore trivalent logics for conditionals and their definitions of logical validity and compare them with our approach to compound conditionals. We prove a Probabilistic Deduction Theorem for conditional events. After that, we study some probabilistic deduction theorems, by presenting several examples. We focus on iterated conditionals and the invalidity of the Import-Export principle in the light of our Probabilistic Deduction Theorem. We use the inference from a disjunction, "$A$ or $B$", to the conditional,"if not-$A$ then $B$", as an example to show the invalidity of the Import-Export principle. We also introduce a General Import-Export principle and we illustrate it by examining some p-valid inference rules of System P. Finally, we briefly discuss some related work relevant to AI.
Additional file 6 of Identification of cell type-specific methylation signals in bulk whole genome bisulfite sequencing data
Creators: name: C. Anthony Scott
name: Duryea, Jack D.
name: MacKay, Harry
name: Baker, Maria S.
name: Laritsky, Eleonora
name: Chathura J. Gunasekara
name: Coarfa, Cristian
name: Waterland, Robert A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. Review History.
Decoherence from ensembles of two-level fluctuators
Creators: name: Schriefl, Josef
name: Makhlin, Yuriy
name: Shnirman, Alexander
name: Schön, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 1/f noise, the major source of dephasing in Josephson qubits, may be produced by an ensemble of two-level systems. Depending on the statistical properties of their distribution, the noise distribution can be Gaussian or non-Gaussian. The latter situation is realized, for instance, when the distribution of coupling strengths has a slowly decaying power-law tail. In this regime questions of self-averaging and sample-to-sample fluctuations become crucial. We study the dephasing process for a class of distribution functions and analyze the self-averaging properties of the results.
description: accepted in New Journal of Physics
Data-driven approach for modeling Reynolds stress tensor with invariance preservation
Creators: name: Fu, Xuepeng
name: Fu, Shixiao
name: Liu, Chang
name: Zhang, Mengmeng
name: Hu, Qihan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present study represents a data-driven turbulent model with Galilean invariance preservation based on machine learning algorithm. The fully connected neural network (FCNN) and tensor basis neural network (TBNN) [Ling et al. (2016)] are established. The models are trained based on five kinds of flow cases with Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and high-fidelity data. The mappings between two invariant sets, mean strain rate tensor and mean rotation rate tensor as well as additional consideration of invariants of turbulent kinetic energy gradients, and the Reynolds stress anisotropy tensor are trained. The prediction of the Reynolds stress anisotropy tensor is treated as user's defined RANS turbulent model with a modified turbulent kinetic energy transport equation. The results show that both FCNN and TBNN models can provide more accurate predictions of the anisotropy tensor and turbulent state in square duct flow and periodic flow cases compared to the RANS model. The machine learning based turbulent model with turbulent kinetic energy gradient related invariants can improve the prediction precision compared with only mean strain rate tensor and mean rotation rate tensor based models. The TBNN model is able to predict a better flow velocity profile compared with FCNN model due to a prior physical knowledge.
description: 23 pages
Spinless Salpeter Equation: Some (Semi-) Analytical Approaches
Creators: name: Lucha, Wolfgang
name: Schoberl, F. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several techniques for deriving semianalytical bounds on the energy eigenvalues of the spinless Salpeter equation and for estimating the quality of the corresponding approximate eigenstates are reviewed.
Deep Learning from Dual-Energy Information for Whole-Heart Segmentation in Dual-Energy and Single-Energy Non-Contrast-Enhanced Cardiac CT
Creators: name: Bruns, Steffen
name: Wolterink, Jelmer M.
name: Takx, Richard A. P.
name: van Hamersvelt, Robbert W.
name: Suchá, Dominika
name: Viergever, Max A.
name: Leiner, Tim
name: Išgum, Ivana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning-based whole-heart segmentation in coronary CT angiography (CCTA) allows the extraction of quantitative imaging measures for cardiovascular risk prediction. Automatic extraction of these measures in patients undergoing only non-contrast-enhanced CT (NCCT) scanning would be valuable. In this work, we leverage information provided by a dual-layer detector CT scanner to obtain a reference standard in virtual non-contrast (VNC) CT images mimicking NCCT images, and train a 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) for the segmentation of VNC as well as NCCT images. Contrast-enhanced acquisitions on a dual-layer detector CT scanner were reconstructed into a CCTA and a perfectly aligned VNC image. In each CCTA image, manual reference segmentations of the left ventricular (LV) myocardium, LV cavity, right ventricle, left atrium, right atrium, ascending aorta, and pulmonary artery trunk were obtained and propagated to the corresponding VNC image. These VNC images and reference segmentations were used to train 3D CNNs for automatic segmentation in either VNC images or NCCT images. Automatic segmentations in VNC images showed good agreement with reference segmentations, with an average Dice similarity coefficient of 0.897 \pm 0.034 and an average symmetric surface distance of 1.42 \pm 0.45 mm. Volume differences [95% confidence interval] between automatic NCCT and reference CCTA segmentations were -19 [-67; 30] mL for LV myocardium, -25 [-78; 29] mL for LV cavity, -29 [-73; 14] mL for right ventricle, -20 [-62; 21] mL for left atrium, and -19 [-73; 34] mL for right atrium, respectively. In 214 (74%) NCCT images from an independent multi-vendor multi-center set, two observers agreed that the automatic segmentation was mostly accurate or better. This method might enable quantification of additional cardiac measures from NCCT images for improved cardiovascular risk prediction.
Semi-subsistence Farm Households in Central and South-eastern Europe: Current State and Future Perspectives
Creators: name: Fritzsch, Jana
name: Wegener, Stefan
name: Buchenrieder, Gertrud
name: Curtiss, Jarmila
name: Gomez Y Paloma, Sergio
name: Fritzsch, Jana
name: Wegener, Stefan
name: Buchenrieder, Gertrud
name: Curtiss, Jarmila
name: Gomez Y Paloma, Sergio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: semi-subsistence
subject: policy analysis
subject: transition countries
subject: multiobjective linear programming

description: The European Union (EU) introduced a special transitional semi-subsistence measure to promote the smallest agricultural producers, so-called semi-subsistence farm households (SFHs) in the enlargement process. An outlook on the future of SFHs requires comprehensive and reliable information on the phenomenon and the impact of policy measures on their development. Therefore, a survey using a standardised questionnaire was conducted in Poland (175 households), Romania (185 households), and Bulgaria (184 households) from July to September 2007. In a first step, four major types of SFHs could be identified by means of cluster analysis: (i) rural diversifiers, (ii) rural pensioners, (iii) farmers, and (iv) rural newcomers. In a second step, a multiobjective linear programming household model was designed to simulate the impact of policy measures and various household strategies on the future viability of the SFHs. Results show that the most preferable combination of strategies for rural diversifiers and rural newcomers is starting a non-farm self-employed activity and developing their farms. Farmers will advance best when they focus on developing their farms only, whereas rural pensioners will mainly remain or become unviable.
Leonard K. Elmhirst Lecture: Agriculture for development: New paradigm and options for success
Creators: name: De Janvry, Alain
name: De Janvry, Alain
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: International Development

description: In the classical paradigm of development economics that prevailed in the 1960s, agricultural growth was held to be the key pillar for industrial growth, itself seen to be synonymous with economic development. The paradigm was anchored in telling success stories, from the long history of the “Western Experience” to the then-recent “Asian miracles”. And it was supported by rigorous modeling exercises. But, in spite of success stories, implementation of this paradigm was running into increasing difficulty in the 1970s and early 1980s as policy favored import substitution industrialization with strong anti-agriculture price policy biases. Integrated rural development strategies, designed to meet the broadened development objectives introduced in the 1970s that included poverty and inequality reduction, were also proving difficult to implement successfully, in part because of the low profitability of agriculture and in part because of excessively complex state-led approaches. With the debt crisis of 1982, and the subsequent implementation of stabilization and adjustment policies under the Washington Consensus, use of agriculture as an instrument for development was disregarded in favor of other approaches to development such as open economy industrialization to accelerate growth and cash transfers or workfare programs to reduce poverty. With a few notable exceptions such as China and Vietnam where smallholder-based agricultural growth was pursued vigorously, the economic, social, and environmental costs of this neglect of agriculture have been huge.
On the absence of gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background
Creators: name: Lieu, Richard
name: Mittaz, Jonathan P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnification of distant sources by mass clumps at lower ($z \leq 1$) redshifts is calculated analytically. The clumps are initially assumed to be galaxy group isothermal spheres with properties inferred from an extensive survey. The average effect, which includes strong lensing, is exactly counteracted by the beam divergence in between clumps (more precisely, the average reciprocal magnification cancels the inverse Dyer-Roeder demagnification). This conclusion is in fact independent of the matter density function within each clump, and remains valid for arbitrary densities of matter and dark energy. When tested against the CMB, a rather large lensing induced {\it dispersion} in the angular size of the primary acoustic peaks of the TT power spectrum is inconsistent with WMAP observations. The situation is unchanged by the use of NFW profiles for the density distribution of groups. Finally, our formulae are applied to an ensemble of NFW mass clumps or isothermal spheres having the parameters of galaxy {\it clusters}. The acoustic peak size dispersion remains unobservably large, and is also excluded by WMAP. For galaxy groups, two possible ways of reconciling with the data are proposed, both exploiting maximally the uncertainties in our knowledge of group properties. The same escape routes are not available in the case of clusters, however, because their properties are well understood. Here we have a more robust conclusion: neither of the widely accepted models are good description of clusters, or important elements of physics responsible for shaping zero curvature space are missing from the standard cosmological model. When all the effects are accrued, it is difficult to understand how WMAP could reveal no evidence whatsoever of lensing by groups and clusters.
description: ApJ v628, pp. 583-593 (August 1, 2005)
Dust Dynamics in Compressible MHD Turbulence
Creators: name: Yan, Huirong
name: Lazarian, A.
name: Draine, B. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the relative grain-grain motions arising from interstellar magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. The MHD turbulence includes both fluid motions and magnetic fluctuations. While the fluid motions accelerate grains through hydro-drag, the electromagnetic fluctuations accelerate grains through resonant interactions. We consider both incompressive (Alfvén) and compressive (fast and slow) MHD modes and use descriptions of MHD turbulence obtained in Cho & Lazarian (2002). Calculations of grain relative motion are made for realistic grain charging and interstellar turbulence that is consistent with the velocity dispersions observed in diffuse gas, including cutoff of the turbulence from various damping processes. We show that fast modes dominate grain acceleration, and can drive grains to supersonic velocities. Grains are also scattered by gyroresonance interactions, but the scattering is less important than acceleration for grains moving with sub-Alfvénic velocities. Since the grains are preferentially accelerated with large pitch angles, the supersonic grains will be aligned with long axes perpendicular to the magnetic field. We compare grain velocities arising from MHD turbulence with those arising from photoelectric emission, radiation pressure and H$_{2}$ thrust. We show that for typical interstellar conditions turbulence should prevent these mechanisms from segregating small and large grains. Finally, gyroresonant acceleration is bound to preaccelerate grains that are further accelerated in shocks. Grain-grain collisions in the shock may then contribute to the overabundance of refractory elements in the composition of galactic cosmic rays.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures
Indian Agriculture: Changing Landscape
Creators: name: Gulati, Ashok
name: Gulati, Ashok
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: International Development

description: Tracking the revolutionary changes in the Indian agricultural sector, it is quite clear that technology, institutions, and markets have had a very important role to play. Of course the public sector played a pivotal and catalytic role when India ushered in Green Revolution in late sixties and early seventies. The public sector imported new seeds, organized their distribution and demonstration, and provided price and market support, all “not-for-profit”. The cooperative sector, supported and facilitated by the government, again with the spirit of “not- for- profit”, helped bring in the White Revolution in milk through Operation Flood in 1970s and 1980s. This spirit is now being gradually replaced by “for-profit” objective driven by the private sector, as is demonstrated in the revolutionary changes brought about by the introduction of Bt technology in the cotton sector during 2002-07. On top of this, the corporate sector is also changing the complexion of Indian agri-system through notable changes in organized food processing and retailing. This change in spirit from “not-forprofit” to “for-profit” in the growth process of Indian agriculture has significant implications on the concept of CISS, i.e., competitiveness, inclusiveness, sustainability and scalability, which needs to be studied carefully and in detail. Accordingly, this paper traces some of these dynamic changes and their likely implications.
Fast neural Poincaré maps for toroidal magnetic fields
Creators: name: Burby, J. W.
name: Tang, Q.
name: Maulik, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Poincaré maps for toroidal magnetic fields are routinely employed to study gross confinement properties in devices built to contain hot plasmas. In most practical applications, evaluating a Poincaré map requires numerical integration of a magnetic field line, a process that can be slow and that cannot be easily accelerated using parallel computations. We show that a novel neural network architecture, the HénonNet, is capable of accurately learning realistic Poincaré maps from observations of a conventional field-line-following algorithm. After training, such learned Poincaré maps evaluate much faster than the field-line integration method. Moreover, the HénonNet architecture exactly reproduces the primary physics constraint imposed on field-line Poincaré maps: flux preservation. This structure-preserving property is the consequence of each layer in a HénonNet being a symplectic map. We demonstrate empirically that a HénonNet can learn to mock the confinement properties of a large magnetic island by using coiled hyperbolic invariant manifolds to produce a sticky chaotic region at the desired island location. This suggests a novel approach to designing magnetic fields with good confinement properties that may be more flexible than ensuring confinement using KAM tori.
description: 28 pages, 26 figures
INFORMATION, EFFICIENCY AND WELFARE IN AGRICULTURAL MARKETS
Creators: name: Jensen, Robert T.
name: Jensen, Robert T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Information and communications technologies (ICTs) have spread rapidly in the developing world. There has been considerable interest in the potential role ICTs, particularly mobile phones, have begun to play in the marketing of agricultural outputs in these countries. In this paper, we discuss the potential impacts ICTs may have on welfare, both in terms of potential efficiency gains (via improved arbitrage), and welfare transfers among agents in the supply chain (via reduced informational asymmetries and market power). We also review the recent empirical evidence for such effects.
Flow distributed oscillation, flow velocity modulation and resonance
Creators: name: McGraw, Patrick N.
name: Menzinger, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the effects of a periodically varying flow velocity on the standing and travelling wave patterns formed by the flow-distributed oscillation (FDO) mechanism. In the kinematic (or diffusionless) limit, the phase fronts undergo a simple, spatiotemporally periodic longitudinal displacement. On the other hand, when the diffusion is significant, periodic modulation of the velocity can disrupt the wave pattern, giving rise in the downstream region to travelling waves whose frequency is a rational multiple of the velocity perturbation frequency. We observe frequency locking at ratios of 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1, depending on the amplitude and frequency of the velocity modulation. This phenomenon can be viewed as a novel, rather subtle type of resonant forcing.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Additional file 10 of Secreted breast tumor interstitial fluid microRNAs and their target genes are associated with triple-negative breast cancer, tumor grade, and immune infiltration
Creators: name: Terkelsen, Thilde
name: Russo, Francesco
name: Gromov, Pavel
name: Haakensen, Vilde Drageset
name: Brunak, Søren
name: Gromova, Irina
name: Krogh, Anders
name: Papaleo, Elena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10: Figure S6. Overlap of Differentially Expressed mRNAs with Co-expressed mRNAs. Venn diagrams, depicting the overlap between differentially expressed mRNAs from contrasts, with modules, which were correlated with the patient clinical feature of interest.
Development of an approximate method for quantum optical models and their pseudo-Hermicity
Creators: name: Koc, Ramazan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An approximate method is suggested to obtain analytical expressions for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the some quantum optical models. The method is based on the Lie-type transformation of the Hamiltonians. In a particular case it is demonstrated that $E\times ε$ Jahn-Teller Hamiltonian can easily be solved within the framework of the suggested approximation. The method presented here is conceptually simple and can easily be extended to the other quantum optical models. We also show that for a purely imaginary coupling the $E\times ε$ Hamiltonian becomes non-Hermitian but $Pσ_{0}$-symmetric. Possible generalization of this approach is outlined.
description: Paper prepared fo the "3rd International Workshop on Pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians in Quantum Physics" June 2005 Istanbul. To be published in Czechoslovak Journal of Physics
Observations of Diffuse EUV Emission with the Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer (CHIPS)
Creators: name: Hurwitz, M.
name: Sasseen, T. P.
name: Sirk, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer (CHIPS) was designed to study diffuse emission from hot gas in the local interstellar cavity in the wavelength range 90 - 265 A. Between launch in January 2003 and early 2004, the instrument was operated in narrow-slit mode, achieving a peak spectral resolution of about 1.4 A FWHM. Observations were carried out preferentially at high galactic latitudes; weighted by observing time, the mean absolute value of the galactic latitude for all narrow-slit observations combined is about 45 degrees. The total integration time is about 13.2 Msec (74% day, 26% night). In the context of a standard collisional ionization equilibrium plasma model, the CHIPS data set tight constraints on the emission measure at temperatures between 10^{5.55} K and 10^{6.4} K. At 10^{6.0} K, the 95% upper limit on the emission measure is about 0.0004 cm^{-6} pc for solar abundance plasma with foreground neutral hydrogen column of 2 x 10^{18} cm^{-2}. This constraint, derived primarily from limits on the extreme ultraviolet emission lines of highly ionized iron, is well below the range for the local hot bubble estimated previously from soft X-ray studies. To support the emission measures inferred previously from X-ray data would require depletions much higher than the moderate values reported previously for hot gas.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Unlimited One-Way Steering
Creators: name: Sekatski, Pavel
name: Giraud, Florian
name: Uola, Roope
name: Brunner, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work explores the asymmetry of quantum steering in a setup using high-dimensional entanglement. We construct entangled states with the following properties: $(i)$ one party (Alice) can never steer the state of the other party (Bob), considering the most general measurements, and $(ii)$ Bob can strongly steer the state of Alice, demonstrating genuine high-dimensional steering. In other words, Bob can convince Alice that they share an entangled state of arbitrarily high Schmidt number, while Alice can never convince Bob that the state is even simply entangled. In this sense, one-way steering can become unlimited. A key result for our construction is a condition for the joint measurability of all high-dimensional measurements subjected to the combined effect of noise and loss, which is of independent interest.
description: 4+4 pages
No Easy Way Out: the Effectiveness of Deplatforming an Extremist Forum to Suppress Hate and Harassment
Creators: name: Vu, Anh V.
name: Hutchings, Alice
name: Anderson, Ross
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Legislators and policymakers worldwide are debating options for suppressing illegal, harmful and undesirable material online. Drawing on several quantitative data sources, we show that deplatforming an active community to suppress online hate and harassment, even with a substantial concerted effort involving several tech firms, can be hard. Our case study is the disruption of the largest and longest-running harassment forum Kiwi Farms in late 2022, which is probably the most extensive industry effort to date. Despite the active participation of a number of tech companies over several consecutive months, this campaign failed to shut down the forum and remove its objectionable content. While briefly raising public awareness, it led to rapid platform displacement and traffic fragmentation. Part of the activity decamped to Telegram, while traffic shifted from the primary domain to previously abandoned alternatives. The forum experienced intermittent outages for several weeks, after which the community leading the campaign lost interest, traffic was directed back to the main domain, users quickly returned, and the forum was back online and became even more connected. The forum members themselves stopped discussing the incident shortly thereafter, and the net effect was that forum activity, active users, threads, posts and traffic were all cut by about half. Deplatforming a community without a court order raises philosophical issues about censorship versus free speech; ethical and legal issues about the role of industry in online content moderation; and practical issues on the efficacy of private-sector versus government action. Deplatforming a dispersed community using a series of court orders against individual service providers appears unlikely to be very effective if the censor cannot incapacitate the key maintainers, whether by arresting them, enjoining them or otherwise deterring them.
Compatibility of projective measurements subject to white noise and loss
Creators: name: Sekatski, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that when two or more quantum measurements suffer from imperfections they may lose their incompatibility. For a quantum system of finite dimension d we study the incompatibility of all projective measurements subjected to white noise and loss. We derive a necessary and sufficient conditions for this set of measurements to becomes compatible in terms of their visibility $p$ and efficiency $η$.
description: 4+6 pages, 1 figure
Overlapping Magnetic Activity Cycles and the Sunspot Number: Forecasting Sunspot Cycle 25 Amplitude
Creators: name: McIntosh, Scott W.
name: Chapman, Sandra C.
name: Leamon, Robert J.
name: Egeland, Ricky
name: Watkins, Nicholas W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sun exhibits a well-observed modulation in the number of spots on its disk over a period of about 11 years. From the dawn of modern observational astronomy sunspots have presented a challenge to understanding -- their quasi-periodic variation in number, first noted 175 years ago, stimulates community-wide interest to this day. A large number of techniques are able to explain the temporal landmarks, (geometric) shape, and amplitude of sunspot "cycles," however forecasting these features accurately in advance remains elusive. Recent observationally-motivated studies have illustrated a relationship between the Sun's 22-year (Hale) magnetic cycle and the production of the sunspot cycle landmarks and patterns, but not the amplitude of the sunspot cycle. Using (discrete) Hilbert transforms on more than 270 years of (monthly) sunspot numbers we robustly identify the so-called "termination" events that mark the end of the previous 11-yr sunspot cycle, the enhancement/acceleration of the present cycle, and the end of 22-yr magnetic activity cycles. Using these we extract a relationship between the temporal spacing of terminators and the magnitude of sunspot cycles. Given this relationship and our prediction of a terminator event in 2020, we deduce that Sunspot Cycle 25 could have a magnitude that rivals the top few since records began. This outcome would be in stark contrast to the community consensus estimate of sunspot cycle 25 magnitude.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to Nature Astronomy 3/9/2020. In third iteration with reviewers. Revised and reformatted for Solar Physics - 15 pages, 8 figures. 8/25/2020
A new analysis of the nucleus of NGC 1068 with MIDI observations
Creators: name: Poncelet, A.
name: Perrin, G.
name: Sol, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new analysis of the very first mid-infrared N-band long-baseline interferometric observations of an extragalactic source: the nucleus of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068, obtained with MIDI (Mid-InfrareD Interferometer), the mid-infrared beamcombiner at the European Southern Observatory (ESO) Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). The resolution of 10 mas allows to study the compact central core of the galaxy between 8 and 13 microns. Both visibility measurements and MIDI spectrum are well reproduced with a simple radiative transfer model with two concentric spherical components. The derived angular sizes and temperatures are about 35 and 83 mas, and 361 K and 226 K for these two components respectively. Some other evidences strongly support such low temperatures. This modeling also provides the variation of optical depth as a function of wavelength for the extended component across the N-band pointing towards the presence of amorphous silicate grains. This shows that MIDI actually carried out the first direct observations of the distribution of dust around the central engine. Together with other observational pieces, we are able to move a step forward in the reconstruction of the picture drawn for AGNs.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures
The Financial Crisis and Its Impact on the Global Agricultural Landscape
Creators: name: Lin, Justin Yifu
name: Martin, William J.
name: Lin, Justin Yifu
name: Martin, William J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: The financial crisis arose in the industrial countries, but has affected developing countries through higher interest rates, sharp changes in commodity prices and reductions in investment, trade, migration and remittances. Some also see the recent food price crisis as a strongly related phenomenon. For most low income countries, shocks that affect food prices or wage rates for unskilled workers seem likely to have the biggest impact on poverty. Policies to address the crisis must include measures: to deal with financial sector problems; the resulting reductions in aggregate demand; and the particular vulnerabilities of poor people.
The Whitham approach to Generalized Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Møller, Frederik
name: Schüttelkopf, Philipp
name: Schmiedmayer, Jörg
name: Erne, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of dispersive shock waves in the one-dimensional Bose gas represents a limitation of Generalized Hydrodynamics (GHD) due to the coarse-grained nature of the theory. Nevertheless, GHD accurately captures the long wavelength behavior indicating an implicit knowledge of the underlying microscopic physics. Such representation are already known through the Whitham modulation theory, where dispersion-less equations describe the evolution of the slowly varying shock wave parameters. Here we study the correspondence between Whithams approach to the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and GHD in the semi-classical limit. Our findings enable the recovery of the shock wave solution directly from GHD simulations, which we demonstrate for both zero and finite temperature. Additionally, we study how free expansion protocols affect the shock wave density and their implications for experimental detection. The combined picture of Whitham and GHD lends itself to additional physical interpretation regarding the formation of shock waves. Further, this picture exhibits clear analogies to the theory of Quantum GHD, and we discuss possible routes to establish an explicit connection between them.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
title: Normes sociales et créativité individuelle
Creators: name: Daval, René
Publisher: name: Savoirs en prisme
Year: 2013

description: Au début du vingtième siècle s’est développée une meta-éthique avec notamment en Angleterre le livre célèbre de G.E.Moore : Principia Ethica. La meta-éthique est une réflexion sur les propositions éthiques, sur ce qui les caractérise, et les distingue des autres types de propositions. La spécificité des jugements moraux consiste en ce qu’ils portent sur la nature du bon, sur la question de savoir ce qu’est le bon en soi. L’éthique se préoccupe de savoir comment nous saisissons le bon. Pour Moore, le bon n’est réductible à aucune réalité naturelle et nous le saisissons par intuition. Chaque agent moral , dans une situation donnée, aura l’intuition de ce qu’il doit faire. Les artistes de Bloomsbury tels Virginia Woolf ou E.M. Forster ont compris cette thèse, contre l’esprit de Moore, en pensant que chacun peut décider de ce qui est bon pour lui, en dehors des normes morales en vigueur dans la société. Il n’en reste pas moins que, comme l’analyse Freud dans Malaise dans la Culture, l’individu a besoin de se heurter à des règles extérieures sanctionnées par la société, pour naître à lui-même, pour devenir autonome. Comment concilier en soi culture de la créativité et respect des normes sociales ? L’auteur s’appuie sur l’œuvre de C.G.Jung pour répondre à la question. Il n’y a pas de créativité sans liberté intérieure et celle-ci naît dans le cadre de ce que Jung appelle « le processus d’individuation ». Celui-ci n’ignore pas les normes sociales, mais appelle l’individu à devenir un sujet en se confrontant à elles et en développant ses aptitudes intérieures. Le processus d’individuation est la voie qui ouvre la connaissance de soi qui permet à la créativité de se développer.
description: Savoirs en prisme, No. 02 (2013): Normes, marges, transgressions
Extracting $σ_{πN}$ from pionic atoms
Creators: name: Friedman, Eliahu
name: Gal, Avraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a recent extraction of the $πN$ $σ$ term $σ_{πN}$ from a large-scale fit of pionic-atom strong-interaction data across the periodic table. The value thus derived, $σ_{πN}^{\rm FG}=57\pm 7$ MeV, is directly connected via the Gell-Mann--Oakes--Renner expression to the medium-renormalized $πN$ isovector scattering amplitude near threshold. It compares well with the value derived recently by the Bern-Bonn-Jülich group, $σ_{πN}^{\rm RS}=58\pm 5$ MeV, using the Roy-Steiner equations to control the extrapolation of the vanishingly small near threshold $πN$ isoscalar scattering amplitude to zero pion mass.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; presented at the 15th International Conference on Meson-Nucleon (MENU) Physics and the Structure of the Nucleon, Pittsburgh, and in a slightly different form at the 3rd Jagiellonian Symposium on Fundamental and Applied Subatomic Physics, Krak\'ow, both in June 2019; v2: typos corrected
Interpreting Moran Eigenvector Maps with the Getis-Ord Gi* Statistic
Creators: name: Griffith, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Spatial weights matrices used in quantitative geography furnish maps with their individual latent eigenvectors, whose geographic distributions portray distinct spatial autocorrelation (SA) components. These polygon patterns on maps have specific meaning, partially in terms of geographic scale, which this article describes. The goal of this description is to enable spatial analysts to better understand and interpret these maps individually, as well as mixtures of them, when accounting for SA in a spatial analysis. Linear combinations of Moran eigenvector maps supply a powerful and relatively simple tool that can explain SA in regression residuals, with an ability to render reasonably accurate reproductions of empirical geographic distributions with or without the aid of substantive covariates. The focus of this article is positive SA, the most commonly encountered nature of autocorrelation in georeferenced data. The principal innovative contribution of this article is establishing a better clarification of what the synthetic SA variates extracted from spatial weights matrices epitomize with regard to global, regional, and local clusters of similar values on a map. This article shows that the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic provides a useful tool for classifying Moran eigenvector maps into these three qualitative categories, illustrating findings with a range of specimen geographic landscapes.
Mean values of Dirichlet polynomials and applications to linear equations with prime variables
Creators: name: Choi, S. K. K.
name: Kumchev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a new mean-value theorem for Dirichlet polynomials with coefficients given by the von Mangoldt function. We then use our theorem to derive new estimates for certain exponential sums over primes. The latter have applications to additive problems with prime variables. In particular, we are able to improve on a recent result of J.Y. Liu and K.M. Tsang on the size of the solutions of linear equations with prime variables.