cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
QFT treatment of a bound state in a thermal gas
Creators: name: Samanta, Subhasis
name: Giacosa, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how to include bound states in a thermal gas in the context of quantum field theory (QFT). To this end, we use for definiteness a scalar QFT with a $φ^{4}$ interaction, where the field $φ$ represents a particle with mass $m$. A bound state of the $φ$-$φ$ type is created when the coupling constant is negative and its modulus is larger than a certain critical value. We investigate the contribution of this bound state to the pressure of the thermal gas of the system by using the $S$-matrix formalism involving the derivative of the phase-shift scattering. Our analysis, which is based on an unitarized one-loop resumed approach which renders the theory finite and well-defined for each value of the coupling constant, leads to following main results: (i) We generalize the phase-shift formula in order to take into account within a unique formal approach the two-particle interaction as well as the bound state (if existent). (ii) \textit{On the one hand}, the number density of the bound state in the system at a certain temperature $T$ is obtained by the standard thermal integral; this is the case for any binding energy, even if it is much smaller than the temperature of the thermal gas. (iii) \textit{On the other hand}, the contribution of the bound state to the total pressure is partly -- but not completely -- canceled by the two-particle interaction contribution to the pressure. (iv) The pressure as function of the coupling constant is \textit{continuous} also at the critical coupling for the bound state formation: the jump in pressure due to the sudden appearance of the bound state is exactly canceled by an analogous jump (but with opposite sign) of the interaction contribution to the pressure.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
On the uniqueness of solutions to gauge covariant Poisson equations with compact Lie algebras
Creators: name: Cronstrom, Christofer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown, under rather general smoothness conditions on the gauge potential, which takes values in an arbitrary semi-simple compact Lie algebra ${\bf g}$, that if a (${\bf g}$-valued) solution to the gauge covariant Laplace equation exists, which vanishes at spatial infinity, in the cases of 1,2,3,... space dimensions, then the solution is identically zero. This result is also valid if the Lie algebra is merely compact. Consequently, a solution to the gauge covariant Poisson equation is uniquely determined by its asymptotic radial limit at spatial infinity. In the cases of one or two space dimensions a related result is proved, namely that if a solution to the gauge covariant Laplace equation exists, which is unbounded at spatial infinity, but with a certain dimension-dependent condition on the asymptotic growth of its norm, then the solution in question is a covariant constant.
Mentoring Females and Minorities into Higher Education
Creators: name: Patterson, Janice
name: Dahle, Karen
name: Nix, Mary
name: Collins, Loucrecia
name: Abbott, Gypsy
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: Whether we see through the lens of gender or ethnicity, the perception of self defines our work. The loss of women and people of color from tenure earning positions in higher education argues for more productive initiatives if we are to attract, retain, and promote female and minority faculty (Howard-Vital & Morgan, 1993). The literature overwhelmingly supports the benefits of mentoring in easing the loneliness and confusion that can derail women and people of color in higher education (Howard-Vital & Morgan).
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 12 (2012)
Superconductor-to-Metal Transitions in Dissipative Chains of Mesoscopic Grains and Nanowires
Creators: name: Refael, Gil
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Oreg, Yuval
name: Fisher, Daniel S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay of quantum fluctuations and dissipation in chains of mesoscopic superconducting grains is analyzed, and the results are also applied to nanowires. It is shown that in 1-d arrays of resistively shunted Josephson junctions, the superconducting-normal charge relaxation within the grains plays an important role. At zero temperature, two superconducting phases can exist, depending primarily on the strength of the dissipation. In the fully superconducting phase (FSC), each grain acts superconducting, and the coupling to the dissipative conduction is important. In the SC* phase, the dissipation is irrelevant at long wavelengths. The phase transitions between these two superconducting phases and the normal metallic phase may be either local or global, and possess rich and complex critical properties. These are inferred from both weak and strong coupling renormalization group analyses. At intermediate temperatures, near either superconductor-to-normal phase transition, there are regimes of super-metallic behavior, in which the resistivity first decreases gradually with decreasing temperature before eventually increasing as temperature is lowered further. The results on chains of Josephson junctions are extended to continuous superconducting nanowires and the subtle issue of whether these can exhibit an FSC phase is considered. Potential relevance to superconductor-metal transitions in other systems is also discussed.
description: 42 pages, 14 figures
Applications of a hybrid asymptotic-numerical method for certain two-dimensional singular perturbation problems
Creators: name: Titcombe, Michele Susanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis examines a hybrid asymptotic-numerical method for treating two-dimensional singular perturbation problems whose asymptotic solution involves reciprocal logarithms of the small perturbation parameter, ε, in the form [equation]. The purpose of this hybrid asymptotic-numerical method is to treat the slow convergence problems of asymptotic expansions of this form. For the applications that we consider in this thesis, we believe there is sufficient evidence of convergence of these expansions for small enough ε. The hybrid method uses the method of matched asymptotic expansions to exploit the asymptotic structure to reduce the problem to one that is asymptotically related to the original. In general, one must solve this related problem numerically. The hybrid related problem contains the entire infinite logarithmic expansion in its solution, thus removing the necessity of obtaining each coefficient in successive terms individually, as one would have to do using only the method of matched asymptotic expansions. The hybrid solution essentially sums the infinite expansion of reciprocal logarithms and in so doing, improves the accuracy of the solution since the error of the approximation is smaller than any power of ( -1/log ε). An important feature of the hybrid related problem is that it is non-stiff. Thus, it does not suffer from the difficulty in solving the original problem numerically of resolving the rapidly varying scale structure. Another advantage of the hybrid method solution is that the parameter dependence of the problem is reduced from that of the original. The reduction in parameter dependence means that the hybrid method solution is less computationally intensive than a full numerical solution. We show that singular perturbation problems containing infinite logarithmic expansions arise in a wide variety of contexts. Four chapters of this thesis are dedicated to the detailed application of the hybrid method to such singular perturbation problems occurring in fluid flow in a straight pipe with a core, skeletal tissue oxygenation from capillary systems, heat transfer convected from small cylindrical objects, and low Reynolds number fluid flow past a cylinder that is asymmetric to the uniform free-stream. Following the detailed analysis of these four problems, we remark on possible extensions to the general framework of applicable problems. For example, we discuss applications in black body radiation, multi-body low Reynolds number fluid flow, vibration of thin plates with small holes or concentrated masses, localized non-linear reactions on catalytic surfaces, low frequency scattering of light, diffusion of a chemical species out of an almost impervious container, and steady-state current flow from microelectrodes.
Additional file 14 of Treatment- and population-specific genetic risk factors for anti-drug antibodies against interferon-beta: a GWAS
Creators: name: Andlauer, Till F. M.
name: Link, Jenny
name: Martin, Dorothea
name: Ryner, Malin
name: Hermanrud, Christina
name: Grummel, Verena
name: Auer, Michael
name: Hegen, Harald
name: Aly, Lilian
name: Gasperi, Christiane
name: Knier, Benjamin
name: Müller-Myhsok, Bertram
name: Jensen, Poul Erik Hyldgaard
name: Sellebjerg, Finn
name: Kockum, Ingrid
name: Olsson, Tomas
name: Pallardy, Marc
name: Spindeldreher, Sebastian
name: Deisenhammer, Florian
name: Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
name: Hemmer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 14. Forest plots of the top GWAS variants and HLA alleles in the analysis across IFNβ preparations. Green: IFNβ-1a s.c., blue: IFNβ-1a i.m., orange: IFNβ-1b s.c., magenta: pooled discovery−/replication-stage analyses. D. = discovery, R. = replication, P. = pooled discovery + replication.
Star Formation Efficiency and Dispersal of Giant Molecular Clouds with UV Radiation Feedback: Dependence on Gravitational Boundedness and Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Kim, Jeong-Gyu
name: Ostriker, Eve C.
name: Filippova, Nina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular clouds are supported by turbulence and magnetic fields, but quantifying their influence on cloud lifecycle and star formation efficiency (SFE) remains an open question. We perform radiation MHD simulations of star-forming giant molecular clouds (GMCs) with UV radiation feedback, in which the propagation of UV radiation via ray-tracing is coupled to hydrogen photochemistry. We consider 10 GMC models that vary in either initial virial parameter ($1\leα_{v,0}\le 5$) or dimensionless mass-to-magnetic flux ratio (0.5-8 and $\infty$); the initial mass $10^5M_{\odot}$ and radius 20pc are fixed. Each model is run with five different initial turbulence realizations. In most models, the duration of star formation and the timescale for molecular gas removal (primarily by photoevaporation) are 4-8Myr. Both the final SFE ($ε_*$) and time-averaged SFE per freefall time ($ε_{ff}$) are reduced by strong turbulence and magnetic fields. The median $ε_*$ ranges between 2.1% and 9.5%. The median $ε_{ff}$ ranges between 1.0% and 8.0% and anticorrelates with $α_{v,0}$, in qualitative agreement with previous analytic theory and simulations. However, the time-dependent $α_{v}(t)$ and $ε_{ff,obs}(t)$ based on instantaneous gas properties and cluster luminosity are positively correlated due to rapid evolution, making observational validation of star formation theory difficult. Our median $ε_{ff,obs}(t)\approx$ 2% is similar to observed values. We show that the traditional virial parameter estimates the true gravitational boundedness within a factor of 2 on average, but neglect of magnetic support and velocity anisotropy can sometimes produce large departures. Magnetically subcritical GMCs are unlikely to represent sites of massive star formation given their unrealistic columnar outflows, prolonged lifetime, and low escape fraction of radiation.
description: 42 pages, 20 figures, 2 tables. Accepted by ApJ, with new additions since v1. For a simulation movie, see https://youtu.be/mjGr4vD6MnA
An Unbiased Transformer Source Code Learning with Semantic Vulnerability Graph
Creators: name: Islam, Nafis Tanveer
name: Parra, Gonzalo De La Torre
name: Manuel, Dylan
name: Bou-Harb, Elias
name: Najafirad, Peyman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the years, open-source software systems have become prey to threat actors. Even as open-source communities act quickly to patch the breach, code vulnerability screening should be an integral part of agile software development from the beginning. Unfortunately, current vulnerability screening techniques are ineffective at identifying novel vulnerabilities or providing developers with code vulnerability and classification. Furthermore, the datasets used for vulnerability learning often exhibit distribution shifts from the real-world testing distribution due to novel attack strategies deployed by adversaries and as a result, the machine learning model's performance may be hindered or biased. To address these issues, we propose a joint interpolated multitasked unbiased vulnerability classifier comprising a transformer "RoBERTa" and graph convolution neural network (GCN). We present a training process utilizing a semantic vulnerability graph (SVG) representation from source code, created by integrating edges from a sequential flow, control flow, and data flow, as well as a novel flow dubbed Poacher Flow (PF). Poacher flow edges reduce the gap between dynamic and static program analysis and handle complex long-range dependencies. Moreover, our approach reduces biases of classifiers regarding unbalanced datasets by integrating Focal Loss objective function along with SVG. Remarkably, experimental results show that our classifier outperforms state-of-the-art results on vulnerability detection with fewer false negatives and false positives. After testing our model across multiple datasets, it shows an improvement of at least 2.41% and 18.75% in the best-case scenario. Evaluations using N-day program samples demonstrate that our proposed approach achieves a 93% accuracy and was able to detect 4, zero-day vulnerabilities from popular GitHub repositories.
Kerr-de Sitter Black Holes with NUT Charges
Creators: name: Chen, W.
name: Lu, H.
name: Pope, C. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The four-dimensional Kerr-de Sitter and Kerr-AdS black hole metrics have cohomogeneity 2, and they admit a generalisation in which an additional parameter characterising a NUT charge is included. In this paper, we study the higher-dimensional Kerr-AdS metrics, specialised to cohomogeneity 2 by appropriate restrictions on their rotation parameters, and we show how they too admit a generalisation in which an additional NUT-type parameter is introduced. We discuss also the supersymmetric limits of the new metrics. If one performs a Wick rotation to Euclidean spacetime signature, these yield new Einstein-Sasaki metrics in odd dimensions, and Ricci-flat metrics in even dimensions. We also study the five-dimensional Kerr-AdS black holes in detail. Although in this particular case the NUT parameter is trivial, our investigation reveals the remarkable feature that a five-dimensional Kerr-AdS ``over-rotating'' metric is equivalent, after performing a coordinate transformation, to an under-rotating Kerr-AdS metric.
description: Latex, 21 pages
CUPID: new system for scintillating screens based diagnostics
Creators: name: Walasek-Höhne, B.
name: Acker, D.
name: Andre, C.
name: Bevcic, M.
name: Bräuning, Harald
name: Bräuning-Demian, A.
name: Brühne, T.
name: Dierssen, E.
name: Dorn, C.
name: Fischer, R.
name: Graf, Horst
name: Hagenbuck, F.
name: Hartung, Manfred
name: Haseitl, R.
name: Hoffmann, T.
name: Höhne, K.
name: Kleffner, C.
name: Lonsing, R.
name: Milosic, Timo
name: Pschorn, Ina
name: Petit, A.
name: Reiter, A.
name: Rödl, H.
name: Scheeler, U.
name: Schmidt, Christian Joachim
name: Schwickert, M.
name: Steiner, Kersten
name: Wetzel, C.
name: Wiessmann, J.
name: Wohlers, J.
name: Varentsov, D.
name: Vincelli, Rosemarie
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Exclusive and dissociative J/$ψ$ photoproduction, and exclusive dimuon production, in p$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 8.16$ TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ALICE Collaboration reports three measurements in ultra-peripheral proton$-$lead collisions at forward rapidity. The exclusive two-photon process \ggmm and the exclusive photoproduction of J/$ψ$ are studied. J/$ψ$ photoproduction with proton dissociation is measured for the first time at a hadron collider. The cross section for the two-photon process of dimuons in the invariant mass range from 1 to 2.5 GeV/$c^2$ agrees with leading order quantum electrodynamics calculations. The exclusive and dissociative cross sections for J/$ψ$ photoproductions are measured for photon$-$proton centre-of-mass energies from 27 to 57 GeV. They are in good agreement with HERA results.
description: 29 pages, 8 captioned figures, 4 tables, authors from page 24, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/9323
Engineering Purely Nonlinear Coupling with the Quarton
Creators: name: Ye, Yufeng
name: Peng, Kaidong
name: Naghiloo, Mahdi
name: Cunningham, Gregory
name: O'Brien, Kevin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong nonlinear coupling of superconducting qubits and/or photons is a critical building block for quantum information processing. Due to the perturbative nature of the Josephson nonlinearity, linear coupling is often used in the dispersive regime to approximate nonlinear coupling. However, this dispersive coupling is weak and the underlying linear coupling mixes the local modes which, for example, distributes unwanted self-Kerr to photon modes. Here, we use the quarton to yield purely nonlinear coupling between two linearly decoupled transmon qubits. The quarton's zero $ϕ^2$ potential enables a giant gigahertz-level cross-Kerr which is an order of magnitude stronger compared to existing schemes, and the quarton's positive $ϕ^4$ potential can cancel the negative self-Kerr of qubits to linearize them into resonators. This giant cross-Kerr between bare modes of qubit-qubit, qubit-photon, and even photon-photon is ideal for applications such as single microwave photon detection and implementation of bosonic codes.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures (including SM); Version 2 - added new coupler QRM and updated Fig. 3-4 of main text and relevant SM sections
Optical spectra from Beam Induced Fluorescence (BIF) profile monitor
Creators: name: Shutko, Y.
name: Hoffmann, D. H.
name: Forck, P.
name: Boutachkov, P.
name: Haseitl, R.
name: Sieber, T.
name: Walasek-Höhne, B.
name: Lavrik, V.
name: Udrea, S.
name: Wieser, A.
name: Ulrich, A.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Supplementary document for Physics-informed neural network for nonlinear dynamics of self-trapped necklace beams - 7139685.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Dongshuai
name: zhang, wen
name: Gao, Yanxia
name: Fan, Dianyuan
name: Malomed, Boris
name: ZHANG, LIFU
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Material
Birationally equivalent Landau-Ginzburg models on cotangent bundles and adjoint orbits
Creators: name: Suzuki, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the Lie potential on the minimal semisimple adjoint orbit $\mathcal{O}_n$ of $\mathfrak{sl}(n+1,\mathbb{C})$ coincides with toric potential on $T^*\mathbb P^{n}$. We then study the corresponding Landau-Ginzburg models in deformation families and give some examples of how the deformations affect the mirrors.
description: Written for the proceedings of the MathAmSud cooperation conference
The View From The Female Principal's Desk
Creators: name: Smith, Agnes E.
name: Rosalind, Hale P.
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: More than in past years, females are enrolling in educational administration programs and aspiring to be to school principals, central office administrators, and superintendents. Efforts to increase the number of female employees by businesses, industries, and public agencies encourage women to work toward advanced degrees and apply for administrative positions typically regarded as male positions. Successful women are written about in newspaper articles and magazine features more often than ever before. These women leaders serve as role models to inspire other women to follow in their professional wake. Aburdene and Naisbitt (1992) write that "the women's movement has reached "˜critical mass,' the point at which a trend becomes a megatrend." If this trend continues, opportunities for professional advancement and increased salaries for women will result.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 11 (2002)
Intersections On the Border Crossings of Black Women's Standpoints
Creators: name: Pilcher, Janet
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: In our local communities people are suffering from exploitation, oppression, and social injustice. Places for sharing one another's differences are scarce. Therefore, we are facing a crisis where hearts and minds remain closed to pains and joys of social diversity. All the while, multiple standpoints shape people's experiences in daily lives within our local communities. How we choose to value or de-value these standpoints determines individual oppression or privilege. Thus, creating spaces for border crossing experiences on the feminist terrain promote new understandings of our histories and futures as women living in interlocking systems of oppression.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 11 (2002)
Beam induced fluorescence monitor development: Comparison of image intensified CCD and electron multiplying CCD cameras
Creators: name: Shutko, Y.
name: Hoffmann, D. H. H.
name: Forck, P.
name: Sieber, T.
name: Udrea, S.
name: Lavrik, V.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Kinetic temperature and pressure of an active Tonks gas
Creators: name: Schiltz-Rouse, Elijah
name: Row, Hyeongjoo
name: Mallory, Stewart A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using computer simulation and analytical theory, we study an active analog of the well-known Tonks gas, where active Brownian particles are confined to a one-dimensional (1D) channel. By introducing the notion of a kinetic temperature, we derive an accurate analytical expression for the pressure and clarify the paradoxical behavior where active Brownian particles confined to 1D exhibit anomalous clustering but no motility-induced phase transition. More generally, this work provides a deeper understanding of pressure in active systems as we uncover a unique link between the kinetic temperature and swim pressure valid for active Brownian particles in higher dimensions.
description: 4 page main text + 3 page SI. Simulation videos available at: https://www.dropbox.com/sh/3jz9bmgv1gfbfd1/AACj8DoMqXtg7U0OKpjkQrMaa?dl=0
Fink, a new generation of broker for the LSST community
Creators: name: Möller, Anais
name: Peloton, Julien
name: Ishida, Emille E. O.
name: Arnault, Chris
name: Bachelet, Etienne
name: Blaineau, Tristan
name: Boutigny, Dominique
name: Chauhan, Abhishek
name: Gangler, Emmanuel
name: Hernandez, Fabio
name: Hrivnac, Julius
name: Leoni, Marco
name: Leroy, Nicolas
name: Moniez, Marc
name: Pateyron, Sacha
name: Ramparison, Adrien
name: Turpin, Damien
name: Ansari, Réza
name: Allam, Tarek
name: Bajat, Armelle
name: Biswas, Biswajit
name: Boucaud, Alexandre
name: Bregeon, Johan
name: Campagne, Jean-Eric
name: Cohen-Tanugi, Johann
name: Coleiro, Alexis
name: Dornic, Damien
name: Fouchez, Dominique
name: Godet, Olivier
name: Gris, Philippe
name: Karpov, Sergey
name: Gomez-Moran, Ada Nebot
name: Neveu, Jérémy
name: Plaszczynski, Stephane
name: Savchenko, Volodymyr
name: Webb, Natalie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fink is a broker designed to enable science with large time-domain alert streams such as the one from the upcoming Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). It exhibits traditional astronomy broker features such as automatised ingestion, annotation, selection and redistribution of promising alerts for transient science. It is also designed to go beyond traditional broker features by providing real-time transient classification which is continuously improved by using state-of-the-art Deep Learning and Adaptive Learning techniques. These evolving added values will enable more accurate scientific output from LSST photometric data for diverse science cases while also leading to a higher incidence of new discoveries which shall accompany the evolution of the survey. In this paper we introduce Fink, its science motivation, architecture and current status including first science verification cases using the Zwicky Transient Facility alert stream.
description: accepted in MNRAS
Evolution of arbitrary spin fields in the Schwarzschild-monopole spacetime
Creators: name: Pan, Qiyuan
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasinormal modes (QNMs) and the late-time behavior of arbitrary spin fields are studied in the background of a Schwarzschild black hole with a global monopole (SBHGM). It has been shown that the real part of the QNMs for a SBHGM decreases as the symmetry breaking scale parameter $H$ increases but imaginary part increases instead. For large overtone number $n$, these QNMs become evenly spaced and the spacing for the imaginary part equals to $-i(1-H)^{3/2}/(4M)$ which is dependent of $H$ but independent of the quantum number $l$. It is surprisingly found that the late-time behavior is dominated by an inverse power-law tail $t^{-2[1+\sqrt{(s+1/2)^{2}+ (l-s)(l+s+1)/(1-H)}]}$ for each $l$, and as $H\to0$ it reduces to the Schwarzschild case $t^{-(2l+3)}$ which is independent of the spin number $s$.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
In-beam tests of PMTs and voltage dividers for particle detectors at FAIR
Creators: name: Boutachkov, P.
name: Reiter, A.
name: Andre, C.
name: Bräuning, H.
name: Dorn, C.
name: Forck, P.
name: Glück, E.
name: Graf, Horst
name: Hoffmann, T.
name: Lavrik, V.
name: Lieberwirth, A.
name: Shutko, Y.
name: Walasek-Höhne, B.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Where's the Joke? The Meaning Behind Sexual Humor
Creators: name: Brunner, Penelope W.
name: Costello, Melinda L.
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: To laugh or not to laugh? That seems to be the question. With every article on workplace stress comes another recommendation for including more humor on the job. However, there is corresponding research showing that office humor may lead to such negative repercussions as sexual harassment charges. In 1980 the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) published the guidelines that define sexual harassment as "Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature" (Rutter, 1997, p. 10). These guidelines also define harassment as the creation of a hostile or intimidating working environment; it is such an environment that serves as the basis for numerous work-related lawsuits. The EEOC classifies unwelcome behavior into seven forms, and according to a U. S. Merit Systems Protection Board study, the most frequent form cited includes "sexual teasing, jokes, remarks, or questions" (Rutter, 1997, p. 11).
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 10 (2002)
Additional file 18 of Treatment- and population-specific genetic risk factors for anti-drug antibodies against interferon-beta: a GWAS
Creators: name: Andlauer, Till F. M.
name: Link, Jenny
name: Martin, Dorothea
name: Ryner, Malin
name: Hermanrud, Christina
name: Grummel, Verena
name: Auer, Michael
name: Hegen, Harald
name: Aly, Lilian
name: Gasperi, Christiane
name: Knier, Benjamin
name: Müller-Myhsok, Bertram
name: Jensen, Poul Erik Hyldgaard
name: Sellebjerg, Finn
name: Kockum, Ingrid
name: Olsson, Tomas
name: Pallardy, Marc
name: Spindeldreher, Sebastian
name: Deisenhammer, Florian
name: Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
name: Hemmer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 18. Regional association plots of the top GWAS variants in the analysis of IFNβ-1a s.c.-treated patients. Regional association plots of variants from the GWAS generated using LocusZoom v1.4 and the 1000 Genomes 1000G_Nov2014 EUR reference panel [72]. The color of dots indicates LD with the lead variant (pink). Gray dots represent signals with missing LD r2 values. If no LD information was present in the database on the top variant, LD with the variant showing the second-lowest p-value is indicated. The gray line indicates genome-wide significance. cM: centimorgan, chr: chromosome, Mb: mega base pairs.
Introduction to representations of the canonical commutation and anticommutation relations
Creators: name: Derezinski, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lecture notes of a minicourse given at the Summer School on Large Coulomb Systems - QED in Nordfjordeid, 2003, devoted to representations of the CCR and CAR. Quasifree states, the Araki-Woods and Araki-Wyss representations, and the lattice of von Neumenn algebras in a bosonic/fermionic Fock space are discussed in detail.
Dynamic and Robust Sensor Selection Strategies for Wireless Positioning with TOA/RSS Measurement
Creators: name: Oh, Myeung Suk
name: Hosseinalipour, Seyyedali
name: Kim, Taejoon
name: Love, David J.
name: Krogmeier, James V.
name: Brinton, Christopher G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Emerging wireless applications are requiring ever more accurate location-positioning from sensor measurements. In this paper, we develop sensor selection strategies for 3D wireless positioning based on time of arrival (TOA) and received signal strength (RSS) measurements to handle two distinct scenarios: (i) known approximated target location, for which we conduct dynamic sensor selection to minimize the positioning error; and (ii) unknown approximated target location, in which the worst-case positioning error is minimized via robust sensor selection. We derive expressions for the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) as a performance metric to quantify the positioning accuracy resulted from selected sensors. For dynamic sensor selection, two greedy selection strategies are proposed, each of which exploits properties revealed in the derived CRLB expressions. These selection strategies are shown to strike an efficient balance between computational complexity and performance suboptimality. For robust sensor selection, we show that the conventional convex relaxation approach leads to instability, and then develop three algorithms based on (i) iterative convex optimization (ICO), (ii) difference of convex functions programming (DCP), and (iii) discrete monotonic optimization (DMO). Each of these strategies exhibits a different tradeoff between computational complexity and optimality guarantee. Simulation results show that the proposed sensor selection strategies provide significant improvements in terms of accuracy and/or complexity compared to existing sensor selection methods.
description: This paper has been accepted to IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology for future publication
Bench tests of PMTs and voltage dividers for counting applications at FAIR
Creators: name: Boutachkov, P.
name: Andre, C.
name: Reiter, A.
name: Hoffmann, T.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Noncontact Respiratory Measurement for Multiple People at Arbitrary Locations Using Array Radar and Respiratory-Space Clustering
Creators: name: Koda, Takato
name: Sakamoto, Takuya
name: Okumura, Shigeaki
name: Taki, Hirofumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We developed a noncontact measurement system for monitoring the respiration of multiple people using millimeter-wave array radar. To separate the radar echoes of multiple people, conventional techniques cluster the radar echoes in the time, frequency, or spatial domain. Focusing on the measurement of the respiratory signals of multiple people, we propose a method called respiratory-space clustering, in which individual differences in the respiratory rate are effectively exploited to accurately resolve the echoes from human bodies. The proposed respiratory-space clustering can separate echoes, even when people are located close to each other. In addition, the proposed method can be applied when the number of targets is unknown and can accurately estimate the number and positions of people. We perform multiple experiments involving five or seven participants to verify the performance of the proposed method, and quantitatively evaluate the estimation accuracy for the number of people and the respiratory intervals. The experimental results show that the average root-mean-square error in estimating the respiratory interval is 196 ms using the proposed method. The use of the proposed method, rather the conventional method, improves the accuracy of the estimation of the number of people by 85.0%, which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed method for the measurement of the respiration of multiple people.
description: This paper has been published in IEEE Access (Early Access), 13 pages, 24 figures, 1 table
Feminist Epistemology: The Foundation of Feminist Research and its Distinction from Traditional Research
Creators: name: Ardovini-Brooker, Joanne
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: There are many questions surrounding feminist research. The most common question is: "What makes feminist research distinctive from traditional research within the Social Sciences?" In trying to answer this question, we need to examine feminist epistemology and the intertwining nature of epistemology, methodology (theory and analysis of how research should proceed), and methods (techniques for gathering data) utilized by feminist researchers. Feminist epistemology in contrast to traditional epistemologies is the foundation on which feminist methodology is built. In turn, the research that develops from this methodology differs greatly from research that develops from traditional methodology and epistemology. Therefore, I argue that one must have a general understanding of feminist epistemology and methodology before one can understand what makes this type of research unique. Such a foundation will assist us in our exploration of the realm of feminist research, while illuminating the differences between feminist and traditional research.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 11 (2002)
Additional file 19 of Treatment- and population-specific genetic risk factors for anti-drug antibodies against interferon-beta: a GWAS
Creators: name: Andlauer, Till F. M.
name: Link, Jenny
name: Martin, Dorothea
name: Ryner, Malin
name: Hermanrud, Christina
name: Grummel, Verena
name: Auer, Michael
name: Hegen, Harald
name: Aly, Lilian
name: Gasperi, Christiane
name: Knier, Benjamin
name: Müller-Myhsok, Bertram
name: Jensen, Poul Erik Hyldgaard
name: Sellebjerg, Finn
name: Kockum, Ingrid
name: Olsson, Tomas
name: Pallardy, Marc
name: Spindeldreher, Sebastian
name: Deisenhammer, Florian
name: Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
name: Hemmer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 19. Forest plots of the top GWAS variants and HLA alleles in the analysis of IFNβ-1a s.c.-treated patients. Green: IFNβ-1a s.c., blue: IFNβ-1a i.m., orange: IFNβ-1b s.c., magenta: pooled discovery−/replication-stage analyses. D. = discovery, R. = replication, P. = pooled discovery + replication.
Calibrated Explanations: with Uncertainty Information and Counterfactuals
Creators: name: Lofstrom, Helena
name: Lofstrom, Tuwe
name: Johansson, Ulf
name: Sonstrod, Cecilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While local explanations for AI models can offer insights into individual predictions, such as feature importance, they are plagued by issues like instability. The unreliability of feature weights, often skewed due to poorly calibrated ML models, deepens these challenges. Moreover, the critical aspect of feature importance uncertainty remains mostly unaddressed in Explainable AI (XAI). The novel feature importance explanation method presented in this paper, called Calibrated Explanations (CE), is designed to tackle these issues head-on. Built on the foundation of Venn-Abers, CE not only calibrates the underlying model but also delivers reliable feature importance explanations with an exact definition of the feature weights. CE goes beyond conventional solutions by addressing output uncertainty. It accomplishes this by providing uncertainty quantification for both feature weights and the model's probability estimates. Additionally, CE is model-agnostic, featuring easily comprehensible conditional rules and the ability to generate counterfactual explanations with embedded uncertainty quantification. Results from an evaluation with 25 benchmark datasets underscore the efficacy of CE, making it stand as a fast, reliable, stable, and robust solution.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, submitted to journal
Adsorption-induced constraint on delocalization of electron states in an Au chain on NiAl(110)
Creators: name: Persson, Mats
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out a density functional study of the localized constraint on the delocalized, unoccupied resonance states in a mono atomic Au chain on a NiAl(110) surface by adsorption of a CO molecule on one of the adatoms in the chain. This constraint was observed recently by scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy. The repulsive interaction of the occupied 5$σ$ molecular state with the unoccupied, resonance state in a Au adatom in the chain is found to break the degeneracy of the Au adatom-induced resonance states and to disrupt their delocalization in the chain.
description: Four pages and three figures
Transverse beam shape measurements of intense Uranium beams using optical transition radiation
Creators: name: Walasek-Höhne, B.
name: Andre, C.
name: Bräuning, H.
name: Dorn, C.
name: Fischer, R.
name: Forck, P.
name: Graf, Horst
name: Hagenbuck, F.
name: Haseitl, R.
name: Höhne, K.
name: Lumpkin, A. H.
name: Lonsing, R.
name: Reiter, A.
name: Schmidt, Christian Joachim
name: Schwickert, M.
name: Singh, R.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Echelle Spectroscopy of a GRB Afterglow at z=3.969: A New Probe of the Interstellar and Intergalactic Media in the Young Universe
Creators: name: Chen, Hsiao-Wen
name: Prochaska, Jason X.
name: Bloom, Joshua S.
name: Thompson, Ian B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an echelle spectrum of the Swift GRB 050730, obtained four hours after the burst using the MIKE spectrograph on the Magellan Clay Telescope when the afterglow was at R=17.7. The spectrum reveals a forest of absorption features superimposed on a simple power-law shaped continuum, best described as f_nu(lambda)\propto lambda^{alpha} with alpha =1.88\pm 0.01 over lambda=7000-9000 A. We identify the GRB host at z_GRB=3.96855 based on the hydrogen Lyman absorption series, narrow absorption lines due to heavy ions such as OI, CII, SiII, SII, NiII, FeII, CIV, SiIV, and NV, and fine structure transitions such as OI*, OI**, SiII*, CII*, and FeII*. Together these transitions allow us to study the the properties of the interstellar medium (ISM) in the GRB host. The principal results are as follows. (1) We estimate a neutral hydrogen column density of log N(HI)=22.15\pm 0.05 in the host. (2) The associated metal lines exhibit multiple components over a velocity range of ~80 km/s, with >90% of the neutral gas confined in 20 km/s. (3) Comparisons between different ionic transitions show that the host has little/no dust depletion and has 1/100 solar metallicity. (4) The absorbing gas has much higher density than that of intervening damped Lya absorption (DLA) systems. In addition, we report the identification of an intervening DLA system at z_DLA=3.56439 with log N(HI)=20.3\pm 0.1 and < 5% solar metallicity, a Lyman limit system at z_LLS=3.02209 with log N(HI)=19.9\pm 0.1, a strong MgII absorber at z_MgII=2.25313, and a pair of MgII absorbers at z_MgII=1.7731, 57 km/s apart. We demonstrate that rapid echelle spectroscopy of GRB afterglows helps to reveal a wealth of information in the ISM and the intergalactic medium along the sightline (abridged).
description: 5 pages, including 2 figures; ApJ Letters in press (minor changes in response to the referee's comments)
Perceptions of Gender Differences in the Real Estate Profession
Creators: name: Schmelzkopf, Karen
name: Moliver, Donald
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: Until the mid-1960"šs most real estate agents selling residential real estate were male. Over the next decade, increasing numbers of women entered the profession, and by 1980, female real estate agents outnumbered male real estate agents. In this paper, I explore some reasons for this increase by comparing female and male residential real estate agents"š motivations for becoming real estate agents, their satisfaction with the profession, and differences in the amount of hours worked. The results show that the use of time and the amount of hours worked differs significantly for female and male real estate agents, and that female real estate agents believe more strongly than male real estate agents that the sex of the agent matters in residential real estate transactions.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 10 (2002)
Dynamic crack growth along heterogeneous planar interfaces: interaction with unidimensional strips
Creators: name: Dubois, Alizée
name: Bonamy, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine theoretically and numerically fast propagation of a tensile crack along unidimensional strips with periodically evolving toughness. In such dynamic fracture regimes, crack front waves form and transport front disturbances along the crack edge at speed less than the Rayleigh wave speed and depending on the crack speed. In this configuration, standing front waves dictate the spatio-temporal evolution of the local crack front speed, which takes a specific scaling form. Analytical examination of both the short-time and long-time limits of the problem reveals the parameter dependency with strip wavelength, toughness contrast and overall fracture speed. Implications and generalization to unidimensional strips of arbitrary shape are lastly discussed.
Women Who Continue to Pursue Science: Motivated not only Despite but also by Concerns about the Future
Creators: name: Wai-Ling Packard, Becky
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: The purpose of this paper is to explore how women pursuing science fields are able to do so despite their concerns about the future (e.g., difficulty combining family and career, undesirable work environment). Do these women change their values, ignore the stereotypes, or manage in some other way? Thirty college women pursuing science and engineering participated in a semester-long program where they discussed their concerns with several peers and female professionals. Quantitative data showed students' concerns and values remained strong over time. Qualitative data revealed students became aware that peers and professionals shared their concerns, and this helped them to feel part of the field. Surprisingly, they were now motivated not only despite but also by the concerns that once discouraged them. These results suggest that career programs can help women to recognize shared concerns, become motivated to change the field in the ways that concern them, and to reimagine their futures.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 10 (2002)