cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effective field theory for spacetime symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Hidaka, Yoshimasa
name: Noumi, Toshifumi
name: Shiu, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the effective field theory for spacetime symmetry breaking from the local symmetry point of view. By gauging spacetime symmetries, the identification of Nambu-Goldstone (NG) fields and the construction of the effective action are performed based on the breaking pattern of diffeomorphism, local Lorentz, and (an)isotropic Weyl symmetries as well as the internal symmetries including possible central extensions in nonrelativistic systems. Such a local picture distinguishes, e.g., whether the symmetry breaking condensations have spins and provides a correct identification of the physical NG fields, while the standard coset construction based on global symmetry breaking does not. We illustrate that the local picture becomes important in particular when we take into account massive modes associated with symmetry breaking, whose masses are not necessarily high. We also revisit the coset construction for spacetime symmetry breaking. Based on the relation between the Maurer-Cartan one form and connections for spacetime symmetries, we classify the physical meanings of the inverse Higgs constraints by the coordinate dimension of broken symmetries. Inverse Higgs constraints for spacetime symmetries with a higher dimension remove the redundant NG fields, whereas those for dimensionless symmetries can be further classified by the local symmetry breaking pattern.
description: 59 pages, 4 figures; v2: minor revision, published version. Appendix B is added
Applying whole-genome studies of epigenetic regulation to study human disease
Creators: name: Liu, X.S.
name: Shiota, K.
name: Greally, J.M.
name: Farnham, P.
name: Bulyk, M.L.
name: Beck, S.
name: Henikoff, S.
name: Ushijima, T.
name: Hattori, N.
name: Lieb, J.D.
name: Okumura, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Epigenetics may be broadly defined as the study of processes that produce a heritable phenotype that is not strictly dependent on DNA sequence. The definition has traditionally been restricted to processes that occur in the cell’s nucleus, with the term ‘heritable’ having a loose meaning that can be applied to either the entire organism or single cells. For example, a process that produces a phenotype only in a specific cell type (for instance, chromatin-mediated maintenance of a differentiated state) is usually considered epigenetic even if it is not directly inherited, but instead must be re-established or actively maintained at each cell division. Given this definition, the field of epigenetics has long focused on proteins that affect DNA packaging, and thereby affect the utilization of the genetic information encoded in the DNA template. This focus extends to the enzymatic modification of those proteins, and to the enzymatic modification of the DNA template itself, primarily DNA methylation.
title: Predictive trend mining for social network analysis
Creators: name: Nohuddin, Puteri
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: This thesis describes research work within the theme of trend mining as applied to social network data. Trend mining is a type of temporal data mining that provides observation into how information changes over time. In the context of the work described in this thesis the focus is on how information contained in social networks changes with time. The work described proposes a number of data mining based techniques directed at mechanisms to not only detect change, but also support the analysis of change, with respect to social network data. To this end a trend mining framework is proposed to act as a vehicle for evaluating the ideas presented in this thesis. The framework is called the Predictive Trend Mining Framework (PTMF). It is designed to support "end-to-end" social network trend mining and analysis. The work described in this thesis is divided into two elements: Frequent Pattern Trend Analysis (FPTA) and Prediction Modeling (PM). For evaluation purposes three social network datasets have been considered: Great Britain Cattle Movement, Deeside Insurance and Malaysian Armed Forces Logistic Cargo. The evaluation indicates that a sound mechanism for identifying and analysing trends, and for using this trend knowledge for prediction purposes, has been established.
Increased circulating IL-8 is associated with reduced IGF-1 and related to poor metabolic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Creators: name: Hall, Randon
name: Raines, Miranda
name: Ness, Kate
name: Spagnoli, Anna
name: Simmons, Jill
name: Van Sickle, Bradley J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: A dysregulated growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) axis is well-recognized in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Decreased IGF-1 levels can also be found in chronic inflammatory diseases, while hyperglycemia promotes inflammatory cytokine production. Therefore, inflammatory cytokines may link poor metabolic control with GH/IGF-1 axis changes. This study examined the relationship between serum inflammatory cytokines and IGF-1 in adolescents (age 13–18) with TIDM in chronic poor (n=17) or favorable (n=19) glucose control. Poor control (PC) was defined as ≥ 3, consistent HbA1C > 9% during the previous 2 years, while favorable control (FC) was consistent levels of HbA1C < 9%.
Vanishing homology of projective hypersurfaces with 1-dimensional singularities
Creators: name: Siersma, Dirk
name: Tibar, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32S30, 58K60, 55R55, 32S50

description: We introduce and study the vanishing homology of singular projective hypersurfaces. We prove its concentration in two levels in case of 1-dimensional singular locus $Σ$, and moreover determine the ranks of the nontrivial homology groups. These two groups depend on the monodromy at special points of $Σ$ and on the effect of the monodromy of the local system over its complement.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure, small corrections
Ein Beitrag zum simulationsbasierten Test von Lichtfunktionen
Creators: name: Strebel, Steffen
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2022
Subjects: Lichtfunktion
Hardware-in-the-Loop
Testmethoden
front ligthing function
hardware-in-the-loop
test methods

description: In dieser Arbeit werden zwei Methoden entwickelt und evaluiert, um Wirkketten von automobilen Lichtfunktionen an simulationsbasierten Testsystemen zu integrieren und zu testen. Der Fokus liegt zunächst auf einem Ansatz zur effizienten Lichtnutzung für die Darstellung hoher Kontraste in virtuellen Nachtfahrten mit realer Fahrerassistenzkamera. Im Weiteren wird eine Testmethode erarbeitet, um pixelbasierte Lichtfunktionen an einem Hardware-in-the-Loop Testsystem basierend auf Metriken zu bewerten.
Studienbegleitende Gemeindepraktika im Rahmen der Vorbereitung auf den priesterlichen Dienst im Erzbistum Köln
Creators: name: Bachner, Gerd
Publisher: name: Diakonia
Year: 1970

description: Diakonia, Bd. 12 Nr. 1 (1981): Diakonia, Band 12, Heft 1
ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ СУБЪЕКТОВ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕССА И ЕЁ ПРАВОВОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ
Creators: name: Морозов А.В.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: психологическая безопасность
субъекты образовательного процесса
правовое обеспечение
образовательный процесс
консциентальная война
образовательная среда
средства массовой информации
образовательная организация
здоровье
личность

description: В статье рассматривается проблема, обусловленная актуальной необходимостью обеспечения психологической безопасности как обучаемых, так и обучающих – всех, без исключения, лиц, являющихся субъектами образовательного процесса; особое внимание, при этом, уделяется рассмотрению правового обеспечения заявленной проблемы в системе отечественного образования в современных условиях, характерной особенностью которых является развязанная в отношении нашего государства консциентальная война.
Novel gene variants predict serum levels of the cytokines IL-18 and IL-1ra in older adults
Creators: name: Fallin, M.D.
name: Matteini, A.M.
name: Lange, L.A.
name: Ferrucci, L.
name: Bandinelli, S.
name: Psaty, B.M.
name: Chakravarti, A.
name: Lange, E.M.
name: Biggs, M.L.
name: Li, J.
name: Tracy, R.P.
name: Reiner, A.P.
name: Arking, D.E.
name: Walston, J.D.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Tanaka, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Activation of inflammatory pathways measured by serum inflammatory markers such as interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) is strongly associated with the progression of chronic disease states in older adults. Given that these serum cytokine levels are in part a heritable trait, genetic variation may predict increased serum levels. Using the Cardiovascular Health Study and InCHIANTI cohorts, a genome-wide association study was performed to identify genetic variants that influence IL18 and IL-1ra serum levels among older adults. Multiple linear regression models characterized the association between each SNP and log-transformed cytokine values. Tests for multiple independent signals within statistically significant loci were performed using haplotype analysis and regression models conditional on lead SNP in each region. Multiple SNPs were associated with these cytokines with genome-wide significance, including SNPs in the IL18-BCO gene region of chromosome 2 for IL-18 (top SNP rs2250417, P = 1.9×10−32) and in the IL1 gene family region of chromosome 2 for IL-1ra (rs6743376, P = 2.3×10−26). Haplotype tests and conditional linear regression models showed evidence of multiple independent signals in these regions. Serum IL-18 levels were also associated with a region on chromosome 2 containing the NLRC4 gene (rs12989936, P = 2.7×10−19). These data characterize multiple robust genetic signals that influence IL-18 and IL-1ra cytokine production. In particular, the signal for serum IL-18 located on chromosome two is novel and potentially important in inflammasome triggered chronic activation of inflammation in older adults. Replication in independent cohorts is an important next step, as well as molecular studies to better understand the role of NLRC4.
The expression of cytokines and chemokines in the blood of patients with severe weight loss from anorexia nervosa: An exploratory study
Creators: name: Bulik, C.M.
name: Trace, S.E.
name: Hamer, R.M.
name: Dayer, J.-M.
name: Brownley, K.A.
name: Roux-Lombard, P.
name: Pisetsky, D.S.
name: Zucker, N.L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious, potentially life-threatening disorder characterized by severe weight loss, dysregulated eating, and often excessive exercise. While psychiatric illnesses such as depression are associated with increased levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, evidence for such disturbances in patients with AN has been less clear. To elucidate further immune responses in AN, we assayed a panel of cytokines and chemokines in the blood of patients undergoing inpatient treatment, testing the hypothesis that metabolic disturbances in this disease would lead to a pattern of immune disturbances distinct from that of other psychiatric diseases. For this purpose, we evaluated patients by the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire and assessed cytokines and chemokines by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Patients reported a moderate level of depression (mean BDI-II = 22.6) but exhibited few immunologic abnormalities of the kind associated with major depressive disorder [e.g., increased interleukin (IL)-6]; RANTES showed the most frequent elevations and was increased in 4 of the patients studied. Together, these findings suggest that features of AN such as loss of adipose tissue and excessive exercise may attenuate cytokine production and thus modulate the experience of illness that impacts on core features of disease.
Weak lensing calibration of mass bias in the REFLEX+BCS X-ray galaxy cluster catalogue
Creators: name: Simet, Melanie
name: Battaglia, Nicholas
name: Mandelbaum, Rachel
name: Seljak, Uroš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of large, X-ray selected galaxy cluster catalogues for cosmological analyses requires a thorough understanding of the X-ray mass estimates. Weak gravitational lensing is an ideal method to shed light on such issues, due to its insensitivity to the cluster dynamical state. We perform a weak lensing calibration of 166 galaxy clusters from the REFLEX and BCS cluster catalogue and compare our results to the X-ray masses based on scaled luminosities from that catalogue. To interpret the weak lensing signal in terms of cluster masses, we compare the lensing signal to simple theoretical Navarro-Frenk-White models and to simulated cluster lensing profiles, including complications such as cluster substructure, projected large-scale structure, and Eddington bias. We find evidence of underestimation in the X-ray masses, as expected, with $\langle M_{\mathrm{X}}/M_{\mathrm{WL}}\rangle = 0.75 \pm 0.07$ stat. $\pm 0.05$ sys. for our best-fit model. The biases in cosmological parameters in a typical cluster abundance measurement that ignores this mass bias will typically exceed the statistical errors.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. Revised to address referee comments
Sorting and expansion of murine embryonic stem cell colonies using micropallet arrays
Creators: name: Thresher, Randy J.
name: Sims, Christopher E.
name: Shadpour, Hamed
name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Isolation of cell colonies is an essential task in most stem cell studies. Conventional techniques for colony selection and isolation require significant time, labor, and consumption of expensive reagents. New microengineered technologies hold the promise for improving colony manipulation by reducing the required manpower and reagent consumption.
РАЗВИТИЕ ОРГАНОВ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ФИНАНСОВОГО КОНТРОЛЯ В 1917-1928 ГОДАХ В РОССИИ: ИСТОРИКО-ПРАВОВОЙ АСПЕКТ
Creators: name: Белова И.А.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: государственный финансовый контроль
социалистический контроль
рабочий контроль
общественный контроль
гражданский контроль
финансовые контрольные органы
Рабоче-крестьянская инспекция.

description: Статья посвящена генезису финансового контроля в советском государстве с 1917 по 1928 годы. В указанный период происходит формирование нового типа государственности и вместе с ним новой модели управления обществом, которая предполагает активное вовлечение трудящихся масс в решение общих задач социума. Одной из первостепенных задач становится разработка эффективной системы контроля за функционированием государственного аппарата, укомплектованным за счет «старых кадров», не внушавших безоговорочного доверия «новой власти». В статье предпринимается попытка провести разграничения между различными видами контроля. В. И. Ленин отмечал необходимость контроля во всех значимых сферах общественной жизни, в том числе и в финансовой. Грамотно налаженная работа органов контроля и их поддержка со стороны населения способствовали оздоровлению финансовой ситуации в стране и планомерному выходу из экономического кризиса. Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью уточнить термин «социалистический контроль», который трактуется достаточно широко в научной литературе 50-х, 70-х, 80-х гг., — под ним понимался народный, партийный, общественный, административный, гражданский и государственный контроль. В рассматриваемый период в статье закладываются основы социалистической доктрины финансового управления, и формируется эффективно функционирующий ревизионный аппарат. Исследование проводилось с применением общенаучных методов (анализ, синтез, сравнение), частнонаучных методов (историко-правовой), частноправовых методов (формально-юридический и сравнительно-правовой) и универсальных методов познания (обобщение, индукция, дедукция, аналогия).
title: The impact of physical processes on primary and secondary production in temperate shelf seas
Creators: name: Panton, Anouska
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: The shelf seas account for only 9% of the surface area of the global ocean, yet are estimated to be responsible for 16% of global primary productivity and 47% of global annual carbon export. While the importance of these seas in the marine carbon cycle is well-recognised, the relationship between the physical environment and the magnitude and fate of biological production is still largely undetermined. Using a range of approaches, this project examined the relationship between physical processes and biological carbon flow over various time and space scales in a temperate shelf sea. Autonomous high-resolution sensor surveys in Liverpool Bay and the Irish Sea reveal that this region is net autotrophic on an annual scale with estimates of regional net community production rates based on oxygen mass balance ranging from 1.3 to 4.2 mol C m-2 y-1. The highest NCP rates were measured in a Region Of Freshwater Influence (Liverpool Bay). Ship-based sampling in the Celtic Sea illustrated the influence of water column structure on rates of primary and bacterial production and community structure. The highest rates of primary production were observed in the fully mixed water column (55.1 mmol C m-2 d-1). However, bacterial production rates were lowest at the mixed site (6.8 mmol C m-2 d-1). In contrast, primary production and bacterial production at the seasonally stratified sites and shelf break were comparable (34.8 mmol C m-2 d-1 and 37.2 mmol C m-2 d-1 respectively, and 12.9 and 12.9 mmol C m-2 d-1 respectively). The phytoplankton community was dominated by diatoms at the mixed site and dinoflagellates at the seasonally stratified sites, with both diatoms and dinoflagellates occurring at the shelf edge. Bacterial carbon demand at each site was estimated using published empirical relationships. However, at three out of the four sites examined, the estimated daily rate of total primary production was insufficient to meet the daily bacterial carbon demands, implying that either an external source of carbon was required or that the assumptions used during estimates of bacterial processing of carbon were incorrect. Finally, the definition of export production in shelf seas is examined in relation to the potential pathways of carbon flow on daily and seasonal timescales in shelf seas.
Enrichment and expansion of cells using antibody-coated micropallet arrays
Creators: name: Sims, Christopher E.
name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
name: Shadpour, Hamed
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Positive selection, sorting, and collection of single cells from within a heterogeneous population are required for many biological studies. We recently demonstrated a miniaturized cell array for this purpose; however, on-chip pre-enrichment and isolation of specific target cells would provide significant value for cell isolation.
Nonlocal random motions: The trapping problem
Creators: name: Garbaczewski, Piotr
name: Żaba, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lévy stable (jump-type) processes are examples of intrinsically nonlocal random motions. This property becomes a serious obstacle if one attempts to model conditions under which a particular Lévy process may be subject to physically implementable manipulations, whose ultimate goal is to confine the random motion in a spatially finite, possibly mesoscopic trap. We analyze thisissue for an exemplary case of the Cauchy process in a finiteinterval. Qualitatively, our observations extend to general jump-type processes that are driven by non-gaussian noises, classified by the integral part of the Lévy-Khintchine formula.For clarity of arguments we discuss, as a reference model, the classic case of the Brownian motion in the interval.
description: 11 pp, 7 figures. In this version, minor correction next to Eq. (7)
РАЗРАБОТКА СИТУАЦИОННЫХ ТРЕНАЖЕРОВ КАК ЭЛЕМЕНТ ПОДГОТОВКИ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ ПО ЗАЩИТЕ ИНФОРМАЦИИ
Creators: name: Лопатин Д.В.
name: Анурьева М.С.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: информационная безопасность
защита информации
ситуационные тренажеры.

description: В статье представлен опыт разработки ситуационных тренажеров при подготовке студентов, обучающихся по программам в области информационной безопасности. Приводится краткий литературный обзор отечественного и зарубежного опыта применения обучающих тренажеров в образовательном процессе, в том числе при подготовке высококвалифицированных и многопрофильных специалистов по кибербезопасности. В работе показано, что лучший результат достигается, если тренажер рассматривает конкретизированную базовую ситуацию, что позволяет, детализировано проработать поставленную проблему в малой группе студентов совместно с преподавателями при обсуждении предметной задачи. При реализации данной модели обучения сценарий тренажера подразумевает проработку альтернативных решений, а программное обеспечение тренажера способно генерировать сюжетную линию и выдавать альтернативные решения развития ситуаций. При таком подходе достигается возможность моделировать информационные риски, пройти предложенную критическую ситуацию, понять последствия реализации угрозы из-за своих неверных действий. Предложены тематика и варианты реализации тренажеров в области противодействия информационно-коммуникационным угрозам. Отмечено, что при применении тренажеров может достигаться развитие реальных навыков обнаружения и/или блокирования информационно-коммуникационных угроз, а также разработка и применение таких тренажеров может рассматриваться как перспективная образовательная технология.
title: Analysis of the Aspergillus nidulans transcriptome using high-throughput RNA sequencing
Creators: name: Sibthorp, Christopher
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: The filamentous fungus, Aspergillus nidulans is a well-characterized model organism which has been used extensively for the study of eukaryotic cell biology and genetics over the past 60 years. The A. nidulans genome was sequenced in 2005, and various genome annotations have been released since, the majority of which rely heavily on in silico gene prediction. The development of high-throughput next generation sequencing technologies has revolutionised transcriptomics by allowing RNA-analysis of whole transcriptomes through massively parallel cDNA sequencing (RNA-seq). This sequencing approach has been applied to the A. nidulans transcriptome, and augmented by the development of a novel strategy for selectively sequencing the 5′ ends of RNAs on the ABI SOLiD platform. This aimed to produce a more robust resource for gene interrogation and the investigation of regulatory elements which impact on the transcriptomal landscape in A. nidulans. Bioinformatic analysis RNA-seq data was used to define 15,375 transcription start site (TSS) regions, which have been characterised by statistical analysis of mapped 5′ end distribution. Motif finding within sequence regions surrounding these TSS identified 16 putative functional promoter motifs based on overrepresentation and distributional analysis within promoters, and GO annotation found significant functional enrichment amongst genes associated with two of these motifs (AARARAAA and TTTYTTY). Transcript assembly of RNA-seq data has also revealed 16065 putative transcripts, 1112 of which were mapped to regions annotated as intergenic. From these transcripts we identified 38 strong candidates for novel protein coding genes (six of which contained non-canonical translation start sites), and over 400 additional transcripts containing putative coding regions. Separation of RNA-seq data in two sets of strand specific reads was shown to greatly increase the quality of transcript assembly and facilitated the identification of 2291 occurrences of sense:antisense overlap between assembled transcripts, four of which have been proven experimentally. Finally, assembled transcripts have been used to detect multiple transcript isoforms arising from alternative splicing events. 374 distinct loci were identified as the origins of alternatively spliced transcripts, and six of these were verified experimentally.
Modeling capping protein FRAP and CALI experiments reveals in vivo regulation of actin dynamics
Creators: name: Vitriol, Eric
name: Kapustina, Maryna
name: Loew, Leslie M.
name: Elston, Timothy C.
name: Jacobson, Ken
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: To gain insights on cellular mechanisms regulating actin polymerization, we used the Virtual Cell to model FRAP and chromophore assisted laser inactivation (CALI) experiments on EGFP-capping protein (EGFP-CP). Modeling the FRAP kinetics demonstrated that the in vivo rate for the dissociation of CP from actin filaments is much faster (~0.1 s−1) than that measured in vitro (0.01–0.0004 s−1). The CALI simulation revealed that in order to induce sustainable changes in cell morphology after CP inactivation, the cells should exhibit anti-capping ability. We included the VASP protein as the anti-capping agent in the modeling scheme. The model predicts that VASP affinity for barbed ends has a cooperative dependence on the concentration of VASP-barbed end complexes. This dependence produces a positive feedback that stabilizes the complexes and allows sustained growth at clustered filament tips. We analyzed the range of laser intensities that are sufficient to induce changes in cell morphology. This analysis demonstrates that FRAP experiments with EGFP-CP can be performed safely without changes in cell morphology, because, the intensity of the photobleaching beam is not high enough to produce the critical concentration of free barbed ends that will induce filament growth before diffusional replacement of EGFP-CP occurs.
title: Biochemical profiling of adipocyte metabolism
Creators: name: Haynes, Kaylie
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: Obesity is a worldwide health issue that has reached epidemic proportions, and is defined as increased white adipose tissue mass. This increase in adiposity is caused by either hypertrophy of existing mature adipocytes, or hyperplasia of pre-adipocytes, leading to increased adipocyte numbers. The current study used the murine 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte cell line to explore in vitro the differentiation process from pre-adipocytes to mature adipocytes, termed adipogenesis. Lipidomic analyses demonstrated a shift in the predominant lipid species present; from phospholipids in the pre-adipocytes, to triglycerides in the mature adipocytes. This was expected from the morphological changes known to occur in this cell line, from fibroblastic pre-adipocytes, to spherical lipid-loaded mature adipocytes. The production of various eicosanoids was also investigated, and their concentration was greatest during the pre-adipocyte stage. This profile was also seen with arachidonic acid, a precursor in eicosanoid synthesis. These changes in lipid metabolism and eicosanoid production appeared to be linked, allowing the differentiation process and lipid accumulation to continue. The obese state is also associated with a chronic low-grade inflammation, and so the effects of TNF-α and IL-6 intervention on adipocyte metabolism were investigated. Differences in lipid mobilisation caused by these pro-inflammatory agents were suggested due to increases or decreases observed in the concentrations of various triglyceride and fatty acid species. Increases were observed in the concentration of various detected eicosanoid species from the arachidonic acid cascade, mainly prostanoid species. Effects of the anti-inflammatory agent dexamethasone were also investigated in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. It was associated with increases in the concentration of both triglyceride and fatty acid species, suggesting possible increase in lipogenesis and/or decrease in lipolysis. Increases in the production of various eicosanoid species from the arachidonic acid pathway were also observed. The majority of these species are pro-inflammatory; however, PGE2 is known to have both pro-and anti-inflammatory effects, and this may help to explain these findings. In conclusion, the work presented in this thesis has revealed how adipocyte metabolism changes in the naturally occurring stages of adipogenesis, as well as in response to pro- and anti-inflammatory intervention. Associations were observed between adipokine gene expression, lipid metabolism and eicosanoid production; however, further work is required to confirm these links by identifying the underlying mechanisms involved.
title: A Study of Supply Chain Collaborations in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in the UK, India and China
Creators: name: Unhale, Manish
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Collaborations in supply chains continue to be a central focus in a firm’s success and businesses are regularly striving to harness the collective capabilities of the networks to which they belong through the use of effective collaborative strategies. It is therefore vital for the firms to ensure sound and effective collaborative strategies in their supply chain practices. It is researched that supply chain collaboration provides a competitive edge in terms of improving the capability and performance of supply chain networks and the organisations linked in the network. The aim of the research is to contribute to a better understanding of the collaborative supply chain practices adopted by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). This study on SMEs explored and evaluated scope of vertical and horizontal collaborations. This research also examined the relationship between different collaborative strategies adopted by SMEs. Additionally other collaborative issues such as: essential requirements of collaboration, principle reasons of collaboration, major hurdles in collaborative initiatives, and the major benefits associated with collaborations were also discussed in this research. Empirical data has been used to determine the relationship between various collaborative initiatives and to find out any difference in these initiatives from country to country. A chi-square test, ANOVA test, a post-hoc analysis and a correlation analysis were conducted with survey data collected from 365 manufacturing SMEs from the UK, India and China. The results indicate that collaborative initiatives adopted by the SMEs differ significantly from country to country and the results also indicate positive relationship between different strategies. Keywords: Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, supply chain collaboration, collaborative initiatives, empirical study
РОЛЬ МИНИСТЕРСТВА ВНУТРЕННИХ ДЕЛ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ В ПОДДЕРЖАНИИ ПРАВОПОРЯДКА И СТАБИЛЬНОСТИ В ОБЩЕСТВЕ
Creators: name: Мисроков Т.З.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: Министерство внутренних дел
обеспечение национальной безопасности
поддержание правопорядка
защита прав и свобод личности
стабильность в обществе
противодействие преступности
профилактика правонарушений.

description: . В статье рассматриваются роль и место Министерства внутренних дел Российской Федерации в реализации задач по обеспечению стабильности общества и поддержанию правопорядка в нём. Анализируется возрастающая роль этого органа исполнительной власти в контексте усиления миграционных потоков, увеличения численности населения Российской Федерации, повышения угроз киберпреступности, транснациональной преступности и международного терроризма и наркотрафика. Автор подчеркивает ключевую роль Министерства внутренних дел Российской Федерации в формировании доверия к правоохранительным органам России, а также отмечает значительный его потенциал в реализации одной из основных целей правоохранительной деятельности – профилактики правонарушений.
A Symbol of Uniqueness: The Cluster Bootstrap for the 3-Loop MHV Heptagon
Creators: name: Drummond, James M.
name: Papathanasiou, Georgios
name: Spradlin, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Seven-particle scattering amplitudes in planar super-Yang-Mills theory are believed to belong to a special class of generalised polylogarithm functions called heptagon functions. These are functions with physical branch cuts whose symbols may be written in terms of the 42 cluster A-coordinates on Gr(4,7). Motivated by the success of the hexagon bootstrap programme for constructing six-particle amplitudes we initiate the systematic study of the symbols of heptagon functions. We find that there is exactly one such symbol of weight six which satisfies the MHV last-entry condition and is finite in the $7 \parallel 6$ collinear limit. This unique symbol is both dihedral and parity-symmetric, and remarkably its collinear limit is exactly the symbol of the three-loop six-particle MHV amplitude, although none of these properties were assumed a priori. It must therefore be the symbol of the three-loop seven-particle MHV amplitude. The simplicity of its construction suggests that the n-gon bootstrap may be surprisingly powerful for n>6.
description: 30 pages, 3 ancillary files, v3: minor corrections, including a typo in (33)
Regulation of epithelial permeability by the actin cytoskeleton
Creators: name: Fanning, Alan S.
name: Rodgers, Laurel S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The actin cytoskeleton is a dynamic structure necessary for cell and tissue organization, including the maintenance of epithelial barriers. The epithelial barrier regulates the movement of ions, macromolecules, immune cells and pathogens, and is thus essential for normal organ function. Disruption in the epithelial barrier has been shown to coincide with alterations of the actin cytoskeleton in several disease states. These disruptions primarily manifest as increased movement through the paracellular space, which is normally regulated by tight junctions. Despite extensive research demonstrating a direct link between the actin cytoskeleton and epithelial permeability, our understanding of the physiological mechanisms that link permeability and tight junction structure are still limited. In this review we explore the role of the actin cytoskeleton at tight junctions and present several areas for future study.
Simulation of BSDEs with jumps by Wiener Chaos Expansion
Creators: name: Geiss, Christel
name: Labart, Céline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present an algorithm to solve BSDEs with jumps based on Wiener Chaos Expansion and Picard's iterations. This paper extends the results given in Briand-Labart (2014) to the case of BSDEs with jumps. We get a forward scheme where the conditional expectations are easily computed thanks to chaos decomposition formulas. Concerning the error, we derive explicit bounds with respect to the number of chaos, the discretization time step and the number of Monte Carlo simulations. We also present numerical experiments. We obtain very encouraging results in terms of speed and accuracy.
Computer-assisted image analysis of human cilia and Chlamydomonas flagella reveals both similarities and differences in axoneme structure
Creators: name: Giddings, Thomas H.
name: O'Toole, Eileen T.
name: Porter, Mary E.
name: Ostrowski, Lawrence E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: In the past decade, investigations from several different fields have revealed the critical role of cilia in human health and disease. Because of the highly conserved nature of the basic axonemal structure, many different model systems have proven useful for the study of ciliopathies, especially the unicellular, biflagellate green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Although the basic axonemal structure of cilia and flagella is highly conserved, these organelles often perform specialized functions unique to the cell or tissue in which they are found. These differences in function are likely reflected in differences in structural organization. In this work, we directly compare the structure of isolated axonemes from human cilia and Chlamydomonas flagella to identify similarities and differences that potentially play key roles in determining their functionality. Using transmission electron microscopy and 2D image averaging techniques, our analysis has confirmed the overall structural similarity between these two species, but also revealed clear differences in the structure of the outer dynein arms, the central pair projections, and the radial spokes. We also show how the application of 2D image averaging can clarify the underlying structural defects associated primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Overall, our results document the remarkable similarity between these two structures separated evolutionarily by over a billion years, while highlighting several significant differences, and demonstrate the potential of 2D image averaging to improve the diagnosis and understanding of PCD.
Loss of ASP but not ROPN1 reduces mammalian ciliary motility
Creators: name: Wyatt, Todd A.
name: Fiedler, Sarah E.
name: Sisson, Joseph H.
name: Pavlik, Jacqueline A.
name: Gambling, Todd M.
name: Carson, Johnny L.
name: Carr, Daniel W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Protein kinase A (PKA) signaling is targeted by interactions with A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) via a dimerization/docking domain on the regulatory (R) subunit of PKA. Four other mammalian proteins (ASP, ROPN1, SP17, and CABYR) share this highly conserved RII dimerization/docking (R2D2) domain. ASP and ROPN1 are 41% identical in sequence, interact with a variety of AKAPs in a manner similar to PKA, and are expressed in ciliated and flagellated human cells. To test the hypothesis that these proteins regulate motility, we developed mutant mouse lines lacking ASP or ROPN1. Both mutant lines produced normal numbers of cilia with intact ciliary ultrastructure. Lack of ROPN1 had no effect on ciliary motility. However, the beat frequency of cilia from mice lacking ASP is significantly slower than wild type, indicating that ASP signaling may regulate ciliary motility. This is the first demonstration of in vivo function for ASP. Similar localization of ASP in mice and humans indicates that these findings may translate to human physiology, and that these mice will be an excellent model for future studies related to the pathogenesis of human disease.
title: Ritual processional furniture: a material and religious phenomenon in Egypt
Creators: name: Falk, David
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Temples in ancient Egypt were confines of restricted sacred space. Only priests had access to the inner workings of the temples and their mysteries. During the great festivals, the gods that dwelled in these sanctuaries went on procession for everyone to see, travelling to other temples in barques of gold and wood. These barques were typical of furniture that was both religious and processional. Study of the lexicography, iconography, and function of ancient Egyptian ritual processional furniture could shed light upon the metanarrative of ancient religious practice. This research identifies the unique characteristics and lexicography of ritual processional furniture as manifest in ancient Egypt between the Old and New Kingdoms. A multidisciplinary approach is taken in regards to the data, utilizing both lexicographic and iconographic sources, to which a seven criteria conceptual framework is applied in order to select the appropriate data. The methodology used in this study is inductive and qualitative, and the conclusions are derived from primary sources. Objects that are discovered to be ritual but not processional are eliminated from further analysis. The analyzed data is synthesized and assimilated to expand the current paradigm of ritual processional objects into a new understanding. In this thesis three primary classes of ritual processional furniture are identified and examined in detail: chests, barques, and palanquin thrones. This project analyzed over sixty lexemes and three hundred fifty instances of iconography. The lexemes for twelve chests, six sacred barques, and six palanquins were found to have been used as ritual processional furniture. The iconographic study examined the pictorial instances by typology and locale. For sacred barques, the results attempted to resolve the ongoing problems concerning identification and inconsistencies between icon and text. The results for palanquin thrones showed that the iconography from sacred barques was appropriated and compressed elevating the king to a focus of religious adoration. This extensive study of Egyptian ritual processional furniture contributes to the ongoing dialogue regarding the material and cultural context of religious expression by synthesizing the paradigm of temple sacred space upon smaller physical objects. The contribution to knowledge has been to flesh out the identities of specific instances of ritual processional furnishing and to assimilate the architectural understanding of sacred space with the available data so as to arrive at a new understanding of the existing paradigm. The significance of these contributions is that they further develop our understanding of the religious cultural context of ancient Egypt.
Electronic states of zigzag graphene nanoribbons with edges reconstructed with topological defects
Creators: name: Pincak, Richard
name: Smotlacha, Jan
name: Osipov, Vladimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy spectrum and electronic density of states (DOS) of zigzag graphene nanoribbons with edges reconstructed with topological defects are investigated within the tight-binding method. In case of the Stone-Wales zz (57) edge the low-energy spectrum is markedly changed in comparison to the pristine zz edge. We found that the electronic DOS at the Fermi level is different from zero at any width of graphene nanoribbons. In contrast, for ribbons with heptagons only at one side and pentagons at another one the energy gap at the Fermi level is open and the DOS is equal to zero. The reason is the influence of uncompensated topological charges on the localized edge states, which are topological in nature. This behavior is similar to that found for the structured external electric potentials along the edges.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
title: The role of genetic variation in predisposition to alcohol-related chronic pancreatitis
Creators: name: Johnstone, Marianne
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: Background Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a disease of fibrosis of the pancreas for which alcohol is the main causative agent. However, only a small proportion of alcoholics develop chronic pancreatitis. Genetic polymorphism may affect pancreatitis risk. Aim To determine the factors required to classify a chronic pancreatic population and identify genetic variations that may explain why only some alcoholics develop chronic pancreatitis. Methods The most appropriate method of diagnosing CP was assessed using a systematic review. Genetics of different populations of alcohol-related chronic pancreatitics (ACP) were explored using four different techniques: genome-wide association study (GWAS); custom arrays; PCR of variable nucleotide tandem repeats (VNTR) and next generation sequencing (NGS) of selected genes. Results EUS and sMR were identified as giving the overall best sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing CP. GWAS revealed two associations with CP (identified and replicated) at PRSS1-PRSS2_rs10273639 (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.68-0.79) and X-linked CLDN2_rs12688220 (OR 1.39, 1.28-1.49) and the association was more pronounced in the ACP group (OR 0.56, 0.48-0.64)and OR 2.11, 1.84-2.42). The previously identified VNTR in CEL was shown to have a lower frequency of the normal repeat in ACP than alcoholic liver disease (ALD; OR 0.61, 0.41-0.93). Homozygosity of the normal variant was more common in ALD than ACP (OR 0.53, 0.3-0.96) or Healthy Controls (OR 0.55, 0.3-1.00)). The NGS discovery phase lead on to validation of the 21 most significant SNPs with Sequenom array. This showed significance difference between ACP and ALD in allele frequency of the synonymous SNP, PRSS1_rs6666, (OR 1.99, 1.46-2.72) Conclusion A range of potential exonic and intronic sites have been identified that have association with a predisposition to developing chronic pancreatitis. These findings show that further work is justified to fully assess the interaction of the different polymorphisms and their phenotypic significance in development of the disease.