cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Clown Therapy for procedural pain in children. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Creators: name: Fusetti, Viviana
name: Re, Luca
name: Pigni, Alessandra
name: Tallarita, Antonino
name: Ciluffo, Silvia
name: Caraceni, Augusto
name: Lusignani, Maura
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pediatric Nursing
subject: Pain Management
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Palliative Care
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Pediatrics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The present systematic review aims to assess the effect of clown therapy on procedural pain in children.
Criticality and Spin Squeezing in the Rotational Dynamics of a BEC on a Ring Lattice
Creators: name: Kolář, Michal
name: Opatrný, Tomáš
name: Das, Kunal K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the dynamics of circulating modes of a Bose-Einstein condensate confined in toroidal lattice. Nonlinearity due to interactions leads to criticality that separates oscillatory and self-trapped phases among counter-propagating modes which however share the same physical space. In the mean-field limit, the criticality is found to substantially enhance sensitivity to rotation of the system. Analysis of the quantum dynamics reveals the fluctuations near criticality are significant, that we explain using spin-squeezing formalism visualized on a Bloch sphere. We utilize the squeezing to propose a Ramsey interferometric scheme that suppresses fluctuation in the relevant quadrature sensitive to rotation.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures (Fig. 9 resolution reduced to meet size limits)
ASSESSMENT OF VENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREA-PROJECTING GABAERGIC NEURONS FROM THE BED NUCLEUS OF THE STRIA TERMINALIS IN MODULATING BINGE-LIKE ETHANOL INTAKE
Creators: name: Companion, Michel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) circuitry is a key component in plasticity underlying the transition to ethanol (EtOH) dependence. We have previously shown that chemogenetic silencing of CRF neurons stemming from the dorsolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (dlBNST) and projecting to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) significantly blunts binge-like EtOH consumption. While CRF neurons in the BNST are thought to entail primarily a gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) phenotype, glutamatergic neurons within the BNST also innervate the VTA and influence consummatory behaviors. Here we combined the well-validated Vgat-ires-Cre transgenic mice with chemogenetic tools to extend our previous findings and corroborate the contribution of the VTA-projecting dlBNST GABAergic circuitry in modulating binge-like EtOH consumption using “drinking-in-the-dark” (DID) procedures. Mice were given bilateral injection of Gi-coupled chemogenetic viral vector (or control virus) into the dlBNST and bilateral cannulae into the VTA. On test day, clozapine-n-oxide (CNO; or vehicle) were infused directly into the VTA to silence VTA-projecting dlBNST neurons and subsequent binge-like EtOH consumption was assessed. We then used immunohistochemistry (IHC) to determine the co-expression of CRF and viral vector. Our results showed that relative to vehicle treatment or CNO treatment in mice expressing the control virus, silencing VTA-projecting dlBNST
      GABAergic neurons by CNO treatment in mice expressing Gi-coupled chemogenetic virus significant reduced binge-like EtOH intake. This effect was not seen with sucrose consumption. Our IHC results confirm a population of CRF-expressing GABAergic neurons within the dlBNST. This study directly establishes that VTA-projecting GABAergic neurons of the dlBNST modulate binge-like EtOH consumption.
Homotopy linear algebra
Creators: name: Gálvez-Carrillo, Imma
name: Kock, Joachim
name: Tonks, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18-XX, 55Pxx, 46A20, 15Axx, 37F20

description: By homotopy linear algebra we mean the study of linear functors between slices of the $\infty$-category of $\infty$-groupoids, subject to certain finiteness conditions. After some standard definitions and results, we assemble said slices into $\infty$-categories to model the duality between vector spaces and profinite-dimensional vector spaces, and set up a global notion of homotopy cardinality à la Baez-Hoffnung-Walker compatible with this duality. We needed these results to support our work on incidence algebras and Möbius inversion over $\infty$-groupoids; we hope that they can also be of independent interest.
description: 32 pages. This paper is one of six papers that formerly constituted the long manuscript arXiv:1404.3202. v2: slight notation changes and expository improvements. Final version, to appear in Proc Royal Soc. Edinburgh A
Scalar Perturbations of Nonlinear Charged Lifshitz Black Branes with Hyperscaling Violation
Creators: name: González, P. A.
name: Vásquez, Yerko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study scalar perturbations of nonlinear charged Lifshitz black branes with hyperscaling violating factor, and we find numerically the quasinormal modes for scalar fields. Then, we study the stability of these black branes under massive and massless scalar field perturbations. Also, we consider different values of the dynamical exponent, the nonlinear exponent and the hyperscaling violating exponent.
description: 17 pages. Improved version. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1404.3172
Characterisation of an exchange-based two-qubit gate for resonant exchange qubits
Creators: name: Wardrop, Matthew P.
name: Doherty, Andrew C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant exchange qubits are a promising addition to the family of experimentally implemented encodings of single qubits using semiconductor quantum dots. We have shown previously that it ought to be straightforward to perform a CPHASE gate between two resonant exchange qubits with a single exchange pulse. This approach uses energy gaps to suppress leakage rather than conventional pulse sequences. In this paper we present analysis and simulations of our proposed two-qubit gate subject to charge and Overhauser field noise at levels observed in current experiments. Our main result is that we expect implementations of our two-qubit gate to achieve high fidelities, with errors at the percent level and gate times comparable to single-qubit operations. As such, exchange-coupled resonant exchange qubits remain an attractive approach for quantum computing.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures + 4 pages of supp. mat., 1 figure, comments welcome
Iterative Joint Beamforming Training with Constant-Amplitude Phased Arrays in Millimeter-Wave Communication
Creators: name: Xiao, Zhenyu
name: Bai, Lin
name: Choi, Jinho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In millimeter-wave communications (MMWC), in order to compensate for high propagation attenuation, phased arrays are favored to achieve array gain by beamforming, where transmitting and receiving antenna arrays need to be jointly trained to obtain appropriate antenna weight vectors (AWVs). Since the amplitude of each element of the AWV is usually constraint constant to simplify the design of phased arrays in MMWC, the existing singular vector based beamforming training scheme cannot be used for such devices. Thus, in this letter, a steering vector based iterative beamforming training scheme, which exploits the directional feature of MMWC channels, is proposed for devices with constant-amplitude phased arrays. Performance evaluations show that the proposed scheme achieves a fast convergence rate as well as a near optimal array gain.
description: 4 pages
Analytic torsion, dynamical zeta functions, and the Fried conjecture
Creators: name: Shen, Shu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove the equality of the analytic torsion and the value at zero of a Ruelle dynamical zeta function associated with an acyclic unitarily flat vector bundle on a closed locally symmetric reductive manifold. This solves a conjecture of Fried. This article should be read in conjunction with an earlier paper by Moscovici and Stanton.
description: Published version, 74 pages
Suboptimal Spatial Diversity Scheme for 60 GHz Millimeter-Wave WLAN
Creators: name: Xiao, Zhenyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This letter revisits the equal-gain (EG) spatial diversity technique, which was proposed to combat the human-induced shadowing for 60 GHz wireless local area network, under a more practical frequency-selective multi-input multi-output channel. Subsequently, a suboptimal spatial diversity scheme called maximal selection (MS) is proposed by tracing the shadowing process, owing to a considerably high data rate. Comparisons show that MS outperforms EG in terms of link margin and saves computation complexity.
description: 4 pages
Cytotoxin-producing Klebsiella oxytoca in the preterm gut and its association with necrotizing enterocolitis
Creators: name: Paveglio, Sara
name: Ledala, Nagender
name: Rezaul, Karim
name: Lin, Qingqi
name: Zhou, Yanjiao
name: Provatas, Anthony A.
name: Bennett, Erin
name: Lindberg, Tristan
name: Caimano, Melissa
name: Matson, Adam P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal inflammatory disease of premature infants associated with gut bacterial dysbiosis. Using 16S rRNA-based methods, our laboratory identified an unclassified Enterobacteriaceae sequence (NEC_unk_OTU) with high abundance in NEC fecal samples. We aimed to identify this bacterium and determine its potential role in the disease. NCBI database searches for the 16S sequence, selective culture systems, biotyping and polymerase chain reaction were employed to refine classification of NEC_unk_OTU and identify toxin-encoding genes from the index NEC case. Bacterial cytotoxin production was confirmed by mass spectrometry and apoptosis assays. Additional fecal samples from 9 NEC and 5 non-NEC controls were analyzed using similar methods and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) was performed to investigate clonal relationships and define sequence types of the isolates. NEC_unk_OTU was identified as Klebsiella oxytoca, a pathobiont known to cause antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis, but not previously linked to NEC. Including the index case, cytotoxin-producing strains of K. oxytoca were isolated from 6 of 10 subjects with NEC; in these, the K. oxytoca 16S sequence predominated the fecal microbiota. Cytotoxin-producing strains of K. oxytoca also were isolated from 4 of 5 controls; in these, however, the abundance of the corresponding 16S sequence was very low. MLST analysis of the toxin-positive isolates demonstrated no clonal relationships and similar genetic clustering between cases and controls. These results suggest cytotoxin-producing strains of K. oxytoca colonize a substantial proportion of premature infants. Some, perhaps many, cases of NEC may be precipitated by outgrowth of this opportunistic pathogen.
Non-Boltzmann Ensembles and Monte Carlo Simulation
Creators: name: Murthy, K P N
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boltzmann sampling based on Metropolis algorithm has been extensively used for simulating a canonical ensemble. An estimate of a mechanical property, like energy, of an equilibrium system, can be made by averaging over a large number microstates generated by Boltzmann Monte Carlo methods. However, a thermal property like entropy is not easily accessible to these methods. The reason is simple. We can assign a numerical value for energy to each microstate. But we can not assign a numerical value for entropy, to a microstate. Entropy is not a property associated with any single microstate.It is a collective property of allthe microstates. Toward calculating entropy and other thermal properties, a non-Boltzmann Monte Carlo technique called Umbrella sampling was proposed in the mid-seventies (of the last century). Umbrella sampling has since undergone several metamorphoses and we have now, multi-canonical Monte Carlo, entropic sampling, flat histogram methods, Wang-Landau algorithm {\it etc.} This class of methods generates non-Boltzmann ensembles which are un-physical. However, physical quantities can be calculated by un-weighting of the microstates of the entropic ensemble, followed by re-weighting to the desired physical ensemble.In this talk I shall tellyou of a few non-Boltzmann Monte Carlo methods with emphasis on recent developments.
description: Invited Talk at XXVII IUPAP Conference on Computational Physics CCP2015, 2-5 Dec. 2015, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam India; 8 pages; 6 figures
Cut finite element modeling of linear membranes
Creators: name: Cenanovic, Mirza
name: Hansbo, Peter
name: Larson, Mats G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a cut finite element method for the membrane elasticity problem on an embedded mesh using tangential differential calculus. Both free membranes and membranes coupled to 3D elasticity are considered. The discretization comes from a Galerkin method using the restriction of 3D basis funtions (linear or trilinear) to the surface representing the membrane. In the case of coupling to 3D elasticity, we view the membrane as giving additional stiffness contributions to the standard stiffness matrix resulting from the discretization of the three-dimensional continuum.
Topological fate of edge states of Bi single bilayer on Bi(111)
Creators: name: Yeom, Han Woong
name: Jin, Kyung-Hwan
name: Jhi, Seung-Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the topological nature of electronic states of step edges of Bi(111) films by first principles band structure calculations. We confirm that the dispersion of step edge states reflects the topological nature of underlying films. This result unambiguously denies recent claims that the step edge state on the surface of a bulk Bi(111) crystal or a sufficiently thick Bi(111) films represents non-trivial edge states of the two dimensional topologcial insulator phase expected for a very thin Bi(111) film. The trivial step edge states have a gigantic spin splitting of one dimensional Rashba bands and the substantial intermixing with electronic states of the bulk, which might be exploited further.
Groups as justification for blatant race stereotyping
Creators: name: Cooley, Erin E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Research has shown that groups are perceived as more aggressive and less trustworthy than individuals and Blacks are perceived as more aggressive than Whites. In two studies, I examined how these biases interact, leading to especially negative perceptions of Black groups. In Study 1, subjects made ratings of the aggressiveness and trustworthiness of Black groups, White groups, Black individuals and White individuals. On measures of both implicit and explicit attitudes, participants displayed a tendency to judge Black groups as more aggressive and less trustworthy than Black individuals; this tendency was greater than a similar tendency to judge White groups as more aggressive and less trustworthy than White individuals. While I expected racial bias on a measure of implicit attitudes, I was surprised to see strong levels of racial bias on a measure of explicit attitudes in a college population that tends to be liberally biased. In Study 2, I simplified my design to look only at explicit ratings of Black and White groups. I also included hypothesized moderators including a validated measure of general expectations about groups. Results indicated that Black groups were rated as more aggressive and less trustworthy than White groups. Further, this racial bias was most likely among those who also had negative expectations about groups in general. Consistent with the justification-suppression theory of prejudice, I conclude that participants use their negative expectations about groups as a justification for expressing prejudice toward Black groups on an explicit measure.
Characterization of multilayer stack parameters from X-ray reflectivity data using the PPM program: measurements and comparison with TEM results
Creators: name: Spiga, D.
name: Mirone, A.
name: Pareschi, G.
name: Canestrari, R.
name: Cotroneo, V.
name: Ferrari, C.
name: Ferrero, C.
name: Lazzarini, L.
name: Vernani, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future hard (10 -100 keV) X-ray telescopes (SIMBOL-X, Con-X, HEXIT-SAT, XEUS) will implement focusing optics with multilayer coatings: in view of the production of these optics we are exploring several deposition techniques for the reflective coatings. In order to evaluate the achievable optical performance X-Ray Reflectivity (XRR) measurements are performed, which are powerful tools for the in-depth characterization of multilayer properties (roughness, thickness and density distribution). An exact extraction of the stack parameters is however difficult because the XRR scans depend on them in a complex way. The PPM code, developed at ERSF in the past years, is able to derive the layer-by-layer properties of multilayer structures from semi-automatic XRR scan fittings by means of a global minimization procedure in the parameters space. In this work we will present the PPM modeling of some multilayer stacks (Pt/C and Ni/C) deposited by simple e-beam evaporation. Moreover, in order to verify the predictions of PPM, the obtained results are compared with TEM profiles taken on the same set of samples. As we will show, PPM results are in good agreement with the TEM findings. In addition, we show that the accurate fitting returns a physically correct evaluation of the variation of layers thickness through the stack, whereas the thickness trend derived from TEM profiles can be altered by the superposition of roughness profiles in the sample image.
Almost sure convergence of vertex degree densities in the vertex-splitting model
Creators: name: Stefánsson, Sigurdur Örn
name: Thörnblad, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05C80, 05C05, 60J80

description: We study the limiting degree distribution of the vertex splitting model introduced in \cite{DDJS:2009}. This is a model of randomly growing ordered trees, where in each time step the tree is separated into two components by splitting a vertex into two, and then inserting an edge between the two new vertices. Under some assumptions on the parameters, related to the growth of the maximal degree of the tree, we prove that the vertex degree densities converge almost surely to constants which satisfy a system of equations. Using this we are also able to strengthen and prove some previously non-rigorous results mentioned in the literature.
description: 1 figure
Kondo effect goes anisotropic in vanadate oxide superlattices
Creators: name: Rotella, Hélène
name: Pautrat, Alain
name: Copie, Olivier
name: Boullay, Philippe
name: David, Adrian
name: Mercey, Bernard
name: Morales, Magali
name: Prellier, Wilfrid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transport properties in SrVO3/LaVO3 (SVO/LVO) superlattices deposited on SrTiO3 (STO) substrates. We show that the electronic conduction occurs in the metallic LVO layers with a galvanomagnetism typical of a 2D Fermi surface. In addition, a Kondo-like component appears in both the thermal variation of resistivity and the magnetoresistance. Surprisingly, in this system where the STO interface does not contribute to the measured conduction, the Kondo correction is strongly anisotropic. We show that the growth temperature allows a direct control of this contribution. Finally, the key role of vanadium mixed valency stabilized by oxygen vacancies is enlightened.
description: Accepted In Journal of Physics: Cond Mat. Supp Mat File included
Compiled Data for "Variability in sulfur isotope records of Phanerozoic seawater sulfate"
Creators: name: Present, Theodore
name: Adkins, Jess
name: Fischer, Woodward
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sedimentology
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Biogeochemistry
subject: Earth Sciences

description: This project contains the compiled sulfur isotope data and assigned ages for "Variability in sulfur isotope records of Phanerozoic seawater sulfate."
Consumers Mitigate Effects of Heat Stress and Nutrient Enrichment on Eelgrass (Zostera Marina L.) Communities at its Southern Range Limit
Creators: name: Brodeur, Michelle
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: At the southern end of its range, eelgrass (Zostera marina) meadows in North Carolina are vulnerable to stressors including eutrophication, which promotes overgrowth of algal epiphytes, and heat stress that causes summer die-offs. I conducted a mesocosm experiment investigating the interactive effects of heat stress (+1.5°C) and nutrient loading (+10µM NH4NO3/1µM KH2PO4) on an amphipod-eelgrass system. Additionally, I manipulated consumer pressure from an abundant omnivorous fish (Lagodon rhomboides) to understand how top-down pressure interacted with bottom-up stressors. Nutrient enrichment only increased epibiont load when combined with warming, and had no effects on aboveground biomass. Pinfish consumed nearly all amphipods, which had no effect on epibiont load, but prevented macroalgal accumulation and mitigated eelgrass loss due to heat stress. Omnivorous consumers can play an important role in preventing macroalgal accumulation from exacerbating heat stress effects, although continued warming may nevertheless cause significant regional habitat loss as eelgrass reaches extreme physiological limits.
Efficient weight vectors from pairwise comparison matrices
Creators: name: Bozóki, Sándor
name: Fülöp, János
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Pairwise comparison matrices are frequently applied in multi-criteria decision making. A weight vector is called efficient if no other weight vector is at least as good in approximating the elements of the pairwise comparison matrix, and strictly better in at least one position. A weight vector is weakly efficient if the pairwise ratios cannot be improved in all non-diagonal positions. We show that the principal eigenvector is always weakly efficient, but numerical examples show that it can be inefficient. The linear programs proposed test whether a given weight vector is (weakly) efficient, and in case of (strong) inefficiency, an efficient (strongly) dominating weight vector is calculated. The proposed algorithms are implemented in Pairwise Comparison Matrix Calculator, available at pcmc.online.
description: 19 pages
A Practical System for Guaranteed Access in the Presence of DDoS Attacks and Flash Crowds
Creators: name: Kung, Yi-Hsuan
name: Lee, Taeho
name: Tseng, Po-Ning
name: Hsiao, Hsu-Chun
name: Kim, Tiffany Hyun-Jin
name: Lee, Soo Bum
name: Lin, Yue-Hsun
name: Perrig, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the growing incidents of flash crowds and sophisticated DDoS attacks mimicking benign traffic, it becomes challenging to protect Internet-based services solely by differentiating attack traffic from legitimate traffic. While fair-sharing schemes are commonly suggested as a defense when differentiation is difficult, they alone may suffer from highly variable or even unbounded waiting times. We propose RainCheck Filter (RCF), a lightweight primitive that guarantees bounded waiting time for clients despite server flooding without keeping per-client state on the server. RCF achieves strong waiting time guarantees by prioritizing clients based on how long the clients have waited-as if the server maintained a queue in which the clients lined up waiting for service. To avoid keeping state for every incoming client request, the server sends to the client a raincheck, a timestamped cryptographic token that not only informs the client to retry later but also serves as a proof of the client's priority level within the virtual queue. We prove that every client complying with RCF can access the server in bounded time, even under a flash crowd incident or a DDoS attack. Our large-scale simulations confirm that RCF provides a small and predictable maximum waiting time while existing schemes cannot. To demonstrate its deployability, we implement RCF as a Python module such that web developers can protect a critical server resource by adding only three lines of code.
description: 16 pages, a full technical report for 'A Practical System for Guaranteed Access in the Presence of DDoS Attacks and Flash Crowds' in IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols, 2015
Dark Sunshine: Detecting Dark Matter through Dark Photons from the Sun
Creators: name: Feng, Jonathan L.
name: Smolinsky, Jordan
name: Tanedo, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter may interact with the Standard Model through the kinetic mixing of dark photons, $A'$, with Standard Model photons. Such dark matter will accumulate in the Sun and annihilate into dark photons. The dark photons may then leave the Sun and decay into pairs of charged Standard Model particles that can be detected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer. The directionality of this "dark sunshine" is distinct from all astrophysical backgrounds, providing an opportunity for unambiguous dark matter discovery by AMS. We perform a complete analysis of this scenario including Sommerfeld enhancements of dark matter annihilation and the effect of the Sun's magnetic field on the signal, and we define a set of cuts to optimize the signal probability. With the three years of data already collected, AMS may discover dark matter with mass 1 TeV $\lesssim m_X \lesssim$ 10 TeV, dark photon masses $m_{A'} \sim \mathcal O(100)$ MeV, and kinetic mixing parameters $10^{-10} \lesssim \varepsilon \lesssim 10^{-8}$. The proposed search extends beyond existing beam dump and supernova bounds, and it is complementary to direct detection, probing the same region of parameter space for elastic dark matter, but potentially far more in the case of inelastic dark matter.
description: 31 Pages, 10 Figures. v2: minor revisions to match published version; v3: updated direct detection and CMB constraints and corrected decay length in code, moving the region of experimental sensitivity to values of epsilon that are lower by an order of magnitude
Personalised Nutrition for Older Adults: CI Paper
Creators: name: Hogan, Michael
name: harney, Owen
name: Hanlon, Michelle
name: Pilch, Monika
name: Walsh, Jane
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nutrition
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Personalised Nutrition for Older Adults: Design Challenges, SME barriers, and Options and Competencies for Innovation
What Surrounds Us Now: Cultural Animation and the Participatory and Cultural Voids in Poland
Creators: name: Daniel, Brendan
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Civilization, Slavic--Study and teaching
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Cultural animation is a practice that uses participant-led collaborative art projects to develop community cohesion. I begin by looking at an attempt to reorient post-communist studies away from elite actors and toward the agency of regular citizens, contrasting Jean Cohen and Andrew Arato's definition of civil society, Jan Kubik's "contextual holism," and Michel de Certeau's "strategies" and "tactics". Next, I recall a history of alternative community-forming practices that provide the basis for cultural animation in Poland. I then outline specifics of the practice, including project methodology and a profile of animators and participants alike. I explain how cultural animation tries to address a participatory void left by stagnating attitudes toward volunteerism, sporadic partisan outreach and a weak civil society, and a cultural void created by consumption-oriented attitudes toward cultural policy. I conclude by revisiting the points of contextual holism and explaining how cultural animation fits them.
Developing composite indices of geographical access and need for nursing home care in Ireland, using multiple criteria decision analysis
Creators: name: Reddy, Brian
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Spatial Science
subject: Health Economics
subject: Social Statistics
subject: Geriatrics
subject: Geographic Information Sciences
subject: Public Health
subject: Other Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Geriatric Nursing
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Economics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Geography
subject: accessibility
subject: composite index
subject: GIS
subject: mapping
subject: multiple criteria decision analysis
subject: nursing homes
subject: older adults

description: Data underpinning the paper entitled "Developing composite indices of geographical access and need for nursing home care in Ireland, using multiple criteria decision analysis" by Reddy BP, O'Neill S and O'Neill C, published in HRB Open 2020. Abstract: Background: Spatial accessibility has consistently been shown to influence utilisation of care and health outcomes, compared against local population needs. We sought to identify how appropriately nursing homes (NHs) are distributed in Ireland, as its NH market lacks central planning. Methods: We used multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) approaches to develop composite indices of both access (calculated by us and toincorporating measures of availability, choice, quality and affordability) and local NH need for over 65s (relating to the proportion living alone, with cognitive disabilities or with low self-rated health, estimated scores for activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living, the average number of disabilities per person and the average age of this group). Data for need were derived from census data. Results were mapped to better understand underlying geographical patterns. Results: By comparing local accessibility and need, underserved areas could be identified, which were clustered particularly in the country’s northwest. Suburbs, particularly around Dublin, were by this measure relatively overserved. Conclusions: We have developed multi-dimensional indices of both accessibility to, and need for, nursing home care. This was carried out by combining granular, open data sources and elicited expert/stakeholder opinion from practitioners. Mapping these data helped to highlight clear evidence of inequitable variation in nursing home distribution.
The Impact of Environmental Risk Factors on Delirium and Benefits of Noise and Light Modifications: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Bihorac, Azra
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Critical Care
subject: Neurology
subject: Psychiatry

description: This project is a scoping review to map existing literature on the impact of environmental risk factors and benefits of mitigating these modifiable risk factors on delirium
Taylor's modularity conjecture and related problems for idempotent varieties
Creators: name: Opršal, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 08B05 (Primary) 03C05, 08C10 (Secondary)

description: We provide a partial result on Taylor's modularity conjecture, and several related problems. Namely, we show that the interpretability join of two idempotent varieties that are not congruence modular is not congruence modular either, and we prove an analogue for idempotent varieties with a cube term. Also, similar results are proved for linear varieties and the properties of congruence modularity, having a cube term, congruence $n$-permutability for a fixed $n$, and satisfying a non-trivial congruence identity.
description: 27 pages
Impact of the initial disk mass function on the disk fraction
Creators: name: Ohsawa, Ryou
name: Onaka, Takashi
name: Yasui, Chikako
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The disk fraction, the percentage of stars with disks in a young cluster, is widely used to investigate the lifetime of the protoplanetary disk, which can impose an important constraint on the planet formation mechanism. The relationship between the decay timescale of the disk fraction and the mass dissipation timescale of an individual disk, however, remains unclear. Here we investigate the effect of the disk mass function (DMF) on the evolution of the disk fraction. We show that the time variation in the disk fraction depends on the spread of the DMF and the detection threshold of the disk. In general, the disk fraction decreases more slowly than the disk mass if a typical initial DMF and a detection threshold are assumed. We find that, if the disk mass decreases exponentially, {the mass dissipation timescale of the disk} can be as short as $1\,{\rm Myr}$ even when the disk fraction decreases with the time constant of ${\sim}2.5\,{\rm Myr}$. The decay timescale of the disk fraction can be an useful parameter to investigate the disk lifetime, but the difference between the mass dissipation of an individual disk and the decrease in the disk fraction should be properly appreciated to estimate the timescale of the disk mass dissipation.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for the publication in PASJ
Enhancing Contention Resolution ALOHA using Combining Techniques
Creators: name: Clazzer, Federico
name: Kissling, Christian
name: Marchese, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, random access protocols have acquired a new wave of interest, not only from the satellite communication community, but also from researchers active in fields like Internet of Things and machine-to-machine. Asynchronous (slot- and frame-wise) ALOHA-like random access protocols, are very attractive for such applications, enabling low complexity transmitters and avoiding time synchronization requirements. Evolutions of ALOHA employ time diversity through proactive replication of packets, but the time diversity is not fully exploited at the receiver. Combining techniques, as selection combining and maximal-ratio combining, are beneficial and are adopted in the enhanced contention resolution ALOHA (ECRA) scheme, presented here. A tight approximation of the packet loss rate for asynchronous random access, including ECRA, well suited for the low channel load region is derived. Finally, ECRA is evaluated in terms of spectral efficiency, throughput and packet loss rate in comparison with recent protocols, showing that it is able to largely outperform both slotted synchronous and asynchronous schemes.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Communications. Old title: Exploiting Combination Techniques in Random Access MAC Protocols: Enhanced Contention Resolution ALOHA
Seasonal Variability of Saturn's Tropospheric Temperatures, Winds and Para-H$_2$ from Cassini Far-IR Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Fletcher, Leigh N.
name: Irwin, Patrick G. J.
name: Achterberg, Richard K.
name: Orton, Glenn S.
name: Flasar, F. Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Far-IR 16-1000 $μ$m spectra of Saturn's hydrogen-helium continuum measured by Cassini's Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) are inverted to construct a near-continuous record of upper tropospheric (70-700 mbar) temperatures and para-H$_2$ fraction as a function of latitude, pressure and time for a third of a Saturnian year (2004-2014, from northern winter to northern spring). The thermal field reveals evidence of reversing summertime asymmetries superimposed onto the belt/zone structure. The temperature structure that is almost symmetric about the equator by 2014, with seasonal lag times that increase with depth and are qualitatively consistent with radiative climate models. Localised heating of the tropospheric hazes (100-250 mbar) create a distinct perturbation to the temperature profile that shifts in magnitude and location, declining in the autumn hemisphere and growing in the spring. Changes in the para-H$_2$ ($f_p$) distribution are subtle, with a 0.02-0.03 rise over the spring hemisphere (200-500 mbar) perturbed by (i) low-$f_p$ air advected by both the springtime storm of 2010 and equatorial upwelling; and (ii) subsidence of high-$f_p$ air at northern high latitudes, responsible for a developing north-south asymmetry in $f_p$. Conversely, the shifting asymmetry in the para-H$_2$ disequilibrium primarily reflects the changing temperature structure (and the equilibrium distribution of $f_p$), rather than actual changes in $f_p$ induced by chemical conversion or transport. CIRS results interpolated to the same point in the seasonal cycle as re-analysed Voyager-1 observations show qualitative consistency, with the exception of the tropical tropopause near the equatorial zones and belts, where downward propagation of a cool temperature anomaly associated with Saturn's stratospheric oscillation could potentially perturb tropopause temperatures, para-H$_2$ and winds. [ABRIDGED]
description: Preprint accepted for publication in Icarus, 29 pages, 18 figures
Swine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying toxic-shock syndrome toxin gene in Hong Kong, China
Creators: name: Sapugahawatte, Dulmini Nanayakkara
name: Li, Carmen
name: Yeoh, Yun Kit
name: Dharmaratne, Priyanga
name: Zhu, Chendi
name: Ip, Margaret
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: We report a SCCmec II, ST39 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate from pigs that harboured toxic-shock syndrome toxin gene (tsst-1). The gene was located in a rare pathogenicity island SaPI68111, which also carried enterotoxin genes that can cause fatal infections. Pigs may potentially serve as a reservoir for MRSA dissemination.
A Liouville type theorem for Lane-Emden systems involving the fractional Laplacian
Creators: name: Quaas, Alexander
name: Xia, Aliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish a Liouville type theorem for the fractional Lane-Emden system: \begin{eqnarray*} \left\{\begin{array}{l@{\quad }l} (-Δ)^αu=v^q&{\rm in}\,\,\R^N,\\ (-Δ)^αv=u^p&{\rm in}\,\,\R^N, \end{array} \right. \end{eqnarray*} where $ α\in(0,1) $, $ N>2α$ and $ p,q $ are positive real numbers and in an appropriate new range. To prove our result we will use the local realization of fractional Laplacian, which can be constructed as Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator of a degenerate elliptic equation in the spirit of Caffarelli and Silvestre \cite{CS}. Our proof is based on a monotonicity argument for suitable transformed functions and the method of moving planes in an infinity half cylinder based on some maximum principles which obtained by some barrier functions and a coupling argument using fractional Sobolev trace inequality.
A systematic review of the psychological antecedents, correlates, and consequences of dimensional/continuum beliefs about depression
Creators: name: Dave, Bhargav
name: O'Connor, Cliodhna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Health Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Categorical Diagnosis
subject: Continuum Diagnosis
subject: Depression
subject: Systematic Review

description: In psychiatry, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) have been traditionally used to diagnose mental illnesses. These manuals take a categorical approach of diagnosis (Ruggero et al., 2019). However, due to heavy criticism of the categorical approach in recent years (e.g., Chmielewski et al., 2015; Clark et al., 2017; Galatzer-Levy & Bryant, 2013), there has been increased interest in dimensional/continuum diagnosis systems (Kotov et al., 2017). These continuum systems reject diagnostic categories in favour of classifying individuals along a continuum of psychopathology (Kim & Eaton, 2015; Verheul, 2005). Some have proposed that classifying mental illness using the continuum or dimensional system would reduce stigmatising attitudes and evoke more pro-social reactions towards a person with mental illness (Angermeyer et al., 2015; Kotov et al., 2017). A recent body of research has arisen to empirically test the effects of dimensional approaches to mental illness on social attitudes, relative to standard categorical diagnoses. The current systematic review seeks to compile the range of studies that explore this question in relation to depression. The review will assess the psychological antecedents, correlates, and consequences of dimensional beliefs about depression.
A Testable Model of Visual Awareness
Creators: name: Barranco Lopez, Aliosha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In this paper, I propose a novel model of visual awareness capable of generating perceptions, hallucinations, and illusions. This model satisfies the following constraints: it is (1) world involving, and (2) energy efficient. I discuss where my model fits within the traditional discussion philosophers have had concerning the nature of perception. In particular, I argue that the proposed model is direct realist. Unlike competing direct realist views, this model might turn out to be supported by empirical considerations and it is more efficient than a salient alternative.
Association of capsular types with carbapenem resistance, disease severity, and mortality in Acinetobacter baumannii
Creators: name: Hsieh, Yu-Chia
name: Wang, Shi-Heng
name: Chen, Yi-Yin
name: Lin, Tzu-Lung
name: Shie, Shian-Sen
name: Huang, Ching-Tai
name: Lee, Chen-Hsiang
name: Chen, Yi-Ching
name: Quyen, Tran Lam Tu
name: Pan, Yi-Jiun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Acinetobacter baumannii emerged as one of the most important pathogens that causes nosocomial infections due to its increased multidrug resistance. Identifying capsular epidemiology in A. baumannii can aid in the development of effective treatments and preventive measures against this emerging pathogen. Here we established a wzc-based method, and combined it with wzy-PCR to determine capsular types of A. baumannii causing nosocomial bacteraemia collected at two medical centres in Taiwan from 2015 to 2017. Among the 237 patients with A. baumannii bacteraemia, 98 (41.4%) isolates were resistant to carbapenems. Four prevalent capsular types (KL2, KL10, KL22, and KL52) accounted for 84.7% of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) and 12.2% of non-CRAB. The rate of pneumonia, intensive care unit admission, APACHE II score, and Pitt bacteraemia score were higher in patients with KL2/10/22/52 infection than in those with non-KL2/10/22/52 infection. Patients with KL2/10/22/52 infection and patients with CRAB infection have a higher cumulative incidence of attributable and all-cause in-hospital 30-day mortality. On multivariate analysis, appropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy within 24 h was associated with a lower risk of 30-day attributable mortality in the KL2/10/22/52 isolates (odds ratio = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06–0.66, p = 0.008) but not in non-KL2/10/22/52 isolates. Early recognition of carbapenem resistance-associated capsular types may help clinicians to promptly implement appropriate antimicrobial therapy for improving the outcomes in patients with CRAB bacteraemia.