cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Spatial Heterogeneity in Land Use Practices and Aquifer Characteristics on Groundwater Conservation Policy Cost
Creators: name: Willis, David B.
name: Stovall, Jeff
name: Johnson, Jeffrey W.
name: Rainwater, Ken
name: Barbato, Lucia S.
name: Mulligan, Kevin
name: Fish, Ernest B.
name: Willis, David B.
name: Stovall, Jeff
name: Johnson, Jeffrey W.
name: Rainwater, Ken
name: Barbato, Lucia S.
name: Mulligan, Kevin
name: Fish, Ernest B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Aquifer Modeling
subject: Economics

description: Estimation of agricultural policy cost for a given level of groundwater conservation requires the establishment of an accurate baseline condition. This is especially critical when the benefits and cost of any conservation program are generally estimated relative to the status quo policy or baseline situation. An inaccurate baseline estimate will lead to poor estimates of potential water conservation savings and agricultural policy cost. Over a 60-year planning horizon per acre net present value is as much as 29.8% higher for a study area when aquifer characteristics are assumed to be homogenous and set to their average area value than when the heterogeneity in aquifer characteristics is explicitly modeled.
A charge transfer inefficiency correction model for the Chandra Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer
Creators: name: Grant, C. E.
name: Bautz, M. W.
name: Kissel, S. M.
name: LaMarr, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soon after launch, the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS), one of the focal plane instruments on the Chandra X-ray Observatory, suffered radiation damage from exposure to soft protons during passages through the Earth's radiation belts. The primary effect of the damage was to increase the charge transfer inefficiency (CTI) of the eight front illuminated CCDs by more than two orders of magnitude. The ACIS instrument team is continuing to study the properties of the damage with an emphasis on developing techniques to mitigate CTI and spectral resolution degradation. We will discuss the characteristics of the damage, the detector and the particle background and how they conspire to degrade the instrument performance. We have developed a model for ACIS CTI which can be used to correct each event and regain some of the lost performance. The correction uses a map of the electron trap distribution, a parameterization of the energy dependent charge loss and the fraction of the lost charge re-emitted into the trailing pixel to correct the pixels in the event island. This model has been implemented in the standard Chandra data processing pipeline. Some of the correction algorithm was inspired by the earlier work on ACIS CTI correction by Townsley et al. (2000; 2002). The details of the CTI model and how each parameter improves performance will be discussed, as well as the limitations and the possibilities for future improvement.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, will appear in Proc. SPIE 5501
OS auf Distanz: Wie erlebten Kollegiat*innen in der Eingangsphase das Lernen unter Corona-Bedingungen?
Creators: name: Stiller, Cornelia
name: Lojewski, Johanna
name: Kuhnen, Sebastian Udo
Publisher: name: WE_OS Jahrbuch
Year: 2021

description: Das Oberstufen-Kolleg wurde, wie auch andere Schulen in Deutschland, zu Beginn des Jahres 2020 von den Schulschließungen aufgrund der Corona-Pandemie und dem damit zusammenhängenden Wechsel von Präsenz- auf Distanzunterricht überrascht. Um die Perspektive der Kollegiat*innen auf das Lernen während der Schulschließungen und des Distanzunterrichts darzustellen, wurden im Rahmen der regelmäßig stattfindenden Erhebungen der Verlaufs- und Absolventenstudie des Oberstufen-Kollegs (VAmOS) Kollegiat*innen zu ihren Erfahrungen während der coronabedingten Schulschließungen in der Eingangsphase 2019/20 befragt. Dieser Beitrag fokussiert dabei die Frage, wie Kollegiat*innen den Distanzunterricht erlebt haben. Dazu wird zunächst auf der Grundlage von deskriptiven Daten ein Überblick über die Situation der Kollegiat*innen während der Zeit der Schulschließungen sowie deren Erleben gegeben. Mittels multipler linearer Regressionen wird genauer betrachtet, welche Faktoren für die Lernqualität und das Belastungsempfinden der Kollegiat*innen im Distanzunterricht eine Rolle spielten. Des Weiteren werden Ergebnisse zu positiven Aspekten während der Zeit der Schulschließungen aus der kategorienbasierten Auswertung der offenen Antworten der Kollegiat*innen dargestellt. Zu diesem sehr ausführlichen Beitrag liegt ein Supplement vor, in dem die grundlegenden Befunde kurz zusammengefasst sind. The Oberstufen-Kolleg, like other schools in Germany, was surprised at the beginning of 2020 by the school closures due to the Corona pandemic and the associated change from classroom to distance learning. In order to provide the students’ perspectives on learning during the school closures and distance learning, students were questioned about their experiences during the Corona-related school closures in the introductory phase of the school year 2019/20 as part of the regular surveys of the course and graduate study (VAmOS). This article focuses on the question of how the students experienced the distance learning. For this purpose, an overview of the situation of the students during the time of the school closures and their experience is first given on the basis of descriptive data. By using multiple linear regressions, we take a closer look at which factors played a role in the learning quality and students’ perception of stress during distance learning. Furthermore, results on positive aspects during the time of the school closures are presented from the category-based analysis of the open answers of the students. A supplement to this extensive paper is provided, in which the basic findings are briefly summarised.
description: WE_OS Jahrbuch, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (2021): Herausforderungen und Perspektiven für die Oberstufe
Additional file 2 of Health literacy disparities in Thai university students: exploring differences between health science and non-health science disciplines
Creators: name: Manochaiwuthikul, Thanyaporn
name: Chaichutchouwakul, Amornrat
name: Yunan, Nantakarn
name: Winothai, Niwarin
name: Kanta, Peewara
name: Sapbamrer, Ratana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Univariable analysis for investigating factors associated with health literacy in university students.
Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Matter Formed in $pp$, $p$-Pb, Xe-Xe and Pb-Pb Collisions at the Large Hadron Collider using Color String Percolation Model
Creators: name: Sahu, Dushmanta
name: Sahoo, Raghunath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To have a better understanding of the matter formed in ultra-relativistic collisions, using the Color String Percolation Model (CSPM), we have estimated initial energy density, mean free path, squared speed of sound, shear viscosity to entropy density ratio ($η/s$), bulk viscosity to entropy density ratio and bulk modulus for $pp$, $p$-Pb, Xe-Xe and Pb-Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). These observables are studied as a function of final state charged particle multiplicity density and initial state percolation temperature. The results from this work are compared with the results from well known QCD models and with the transport properties of matter found in day-to-day life. These observables allow us to conclude an array of important findings about the matter formed in high energy collisions at the LHC. This work gives a threshold of charged particle multiplicity $\langle dN_{ch}/dη\rangle \simeq$ 20, after which there are indications of change in the dynamics of the systems. The critical initial energy density and temperature as estimated by lattice QCD, are observed to be achieved for events with final state multiplicity $\langle dN_{ch}/dη\rangle \geq$ 20. In addition, for these high-multiplicity events, the estimated $η/s$ are comparable with that is observed for heavy-ion collisions, which is an indication of a strongly coupled Quark Gluon Plasma. This makes LHC high-multiplicity $pp$ collision events as probable candidates for the search of QGP droplets.
description: Same as the published version
Additional file 1 of Health literacy disparities in Thai university students: exploring differences between health science and non-health science disciplines
Creators: name: Manochaiwuthikul, Thanyaporn
name: Chaichutchouwakul, Amornrat
name: Yunan, Nantakarn
name: Winothai, Niwarin
name: Kanta, Peewara
name: Sapbamrer, Ratana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire.
Fast and Accurate Langevin Simulations of Stochastic Hodgkin-Huxley Dynamics
Creators: name: Pu, Shusen
name: Thomas, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C30 (Primary) 92C20, 37N25, 92B25 (Secondary)

description: Fox and Lu introduced a Langevin framework for discrete-time stochastic models of randomly gated ion channels such as the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) system. They derived a Fokker-Planck equation with state-dependent diffusion tensor $D$ and suggested a Langevin formulation with noise coefficient matrix $S$ such that $SS^\intercal=D$. Subsequently, several authors introduced a variety of Langevin equations for the HH system. In this paper, we present a natural 14-dimensional dynamics for the HH system in which each \emph{directed} edge in the ion channel state transition graph acts as an independent noise source, leading to a $14\times 28$ noise coefficient matrix $S$. We show that (i) the corresponding 14D system of ordinary differential \rev{equations} is consistent with the classical 4D representation of the HH system; (ii) the 14D representation leads to a noise coefficient matrix $S$ that can be obtained cheaply on each timestep, without requiring a matrix decomposition; (iii) sample trajectories of the 14D representation are pathwise equivalent to trajectories of Fox and Lu's system, as well as trajectories of several existing Langevin models; (iv) our 14D representation (and those equivalent to it) give the most accurate interspike-interval distribution, not only with respect to moments but under both the $L_1$ and $L_\infty$ metric-space norms; and (v) the 14D representation gives an approximation to exact Markov chain simulations that are as fast and as efficient as all equivalent models. Our approach goes beyond existing models, in that it supports a stochastic shielding decomposition that dramatically simplifies $S$ with minimal loss of accuracy under both voltage- and current-clamp conditions.
description: 55 pages, 9 figures
Imperfect Competition between Milk Manufacturers and Retailers in a Midwestern State in the U.S.
Creators: name: Hovhannisyan, Vardges
name: Stiegert, Kyle W.
name: Hovhannisyan, Vardges
name: Stiegert, Kyle W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Market conduct
subject: random coefficient logit
subject: vertical chain
subject: imperfect competition

description: This manuscript studies the market conduct of the milk manufacturers and retail chains in a Midwestern state in the U.S. Following the menu approach we employ a random coefficient logit demand model to investigate several possible scenarios on the supply side. Demand estimates are obtained using both cross-sectional and time series variation in data. We also allow annual variation in consumer demographics which helps identify the coefficients of interaction between consumer demographics and product characteristics. To further enhance identification power we allow choice set of milk to vary across markets. The results are most supportive of the conjecture that manufacturers behave competitively letting the retailers be the residual claimants. Later they may collect a part or full rents from the retailers through two-part tariffs.
Entangled state representations in noncommutative quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Jing, S. C.
name: Liu, Q. Y.
name: Fan, H. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce new representations to formulate quantum mechanics on noncommutative coordinate space, which explicitly display entanglement properties between degrees of freedom of different coordinate components and hence could be called entangled state representations. Furthermore, we derive unitary transformations between the new representations and the ordinary one used in noncommutative quantum mechanics (NCQM) and obtain eigenfunctions of some basic operators in these representations. To show the potential applications of the entangled state representations, a two-dimensional harmonic oscillator on the noncommutative plane with both coordinate-coordinate and momentum-momentum couplings is exactly solved.
HYBRID RICE AND ITS IMPACT ON FOOD SECURITY AND THE PATTERN OF GLOBAL PRODUCTION AND TRADE
Creators: name: Durand-Morat, Alvaro
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Chavez, Eddie C.
name: Durand-Morat, Alvaro
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Chavez, Eddie C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: hybrid rice
subject: food security
subject: technology change

description: The hybrid rice technology is one of the many ways in which productivity of scarce resources devoted to rice production could be enhanced, with the consequent alleviation of food insecurity. The findings of this study show that the hybrid rice technology has so far made some sizable contributions to per-capita availability of rice in adopting countries with marginal spillover effects to other regions. However, at forecasted population growths, a massive intensification of adoption would be needed to maintain per-capita availability of rice at baseline levels. But even with adoption rates climbing significantly, much higher equilibrium prices are expected, which will represent a challenge for the hungry in many parts of the world. While hybrid rice has the potential to contribute significantly to improve production and food security, more efforts are needed to improve the productivity of the constraining production resources.
ANALYSIS OF U.S. RICE POLICY IN A GLOBAL STOCHASTIC FRAMEWORK
Creators: name: Chavez, Eddie C.
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Chavez, Eddie C.
name: Wailes, Eric J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Government payments
subject: stochastic analysis
subject: deterministic analysis
subject: rice trade
subject: empirical distribution
subject: Arkansas Global Rice Model

description: U.S. rice policy is evaluated in this paper with a global modeling framework to examine the potential impacts of domestic policy reforms using stochastic analysis. Results of this study show that without government payments, the international rice price and U.S. farm price and their volatility will increase. For the U.S., rice area harvested, production, net exports, and the country’s share in global net exports will decrease under a no-government-payment scenario. Analysis of trade of major exporting and importing countries indicates that volatility of international trade also increases under the same scenario. While unilateral elimination of government support for U.S. rice results in a decline in world net rice trade as a result of decreased purchases by major rice importers, the major rice net exporter competitors increase their share at the expense of the U.S. The stochastic analysis provides market insights as it shows how outcomes are empirically-distributed as opposed to the incomplete picture provided by point estimates generated by deterministic analysis.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 04/13/11.
Two-Loop N_F =1 QED Bhabha Scattering: Soft Emission and Numerical Evaluation of the Differential Cross-section
Creators: name: Bonciani, R.
name: Ferroglia, A.
name: Mastrolia, P.
name: Remiddi, E.
name: van der Bij, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, we evaluated the virtual cross-section for Bhabha scattering in pure QED, up to corrections of order alpha^4 (N_F =1). This calculation is valid for arbitrary values of the squared center of mass energy s and momentum transfer t; the electron and positron mass m was considered a finite, non vanishing quantity. In the present work, we supplement the previous calculation by considering the contribution of the soft photon emission diagrams to the differential cross-section, up to and including terms of order alpha^4 (N_F=1). Adding the contribution of the real corrections to the renormalized virtual ones, we obtain an UV and IR finite differential cross-section; we evaluate this quantity numerically for a significant set of values of the squared center of mass energy s.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures. Formulas in Appendix B corrected, changes in Section 3, references added
„… dass ich da jeden Tag meine sozialen Kontakte habe. Das fehlt mir auf jeden Fall!“
Creators: name: Fiedler-Ebke, Wiebke
name: Matthias, Alexander
name: Gold, Johanna
name: Voß, Ian
Publisher: name: WE_OS Jahrbuch
Year: 2021

description: In Folge der Maßnahmen zur Bekämpfung der Corona-Pandemie musste ein mobilitätsbezogenes Praxisforschungsprojekt der Wissenschaftlichen Einrichtung Oberstufen-Kolleg und der Wissenschaftlichen Einrichtung Laborschule sowie beider Versuchsschulen angepasst werden. Nach dem ersten Lockdown im Frühjahr 2020 wurden Jugendliche vom Oberstufen-Kolleg interviewt und ihre Erfahrungen hinsichtlich ihrer Mobilität vor und während des Lockdowns, ihre Aktivitäten vor und in dieser Zeit sowie die Pflege ihrer Kontakte erhoben und in mehreren Schritten mit verschiedenen qualitativen Vorgehensweisen analysiert. So konnte eine unerwartete Fokussierung der Jugendlichen auf eine bestimmte Form des Kontakts in der Schule wahrgenommen und aufgegriffen werden. Der Beitrag spiegelt die Suchbewegungen in Folge der notwendigen Flexibilisierung des Vorgehens wider und zeigt die Potenziale qualitativer Vorgehensweisen bei der Erschließung von Lebenswelten auf. As a consequence of the measures to combat the Covid pandemic, a mobility-related practical research project of the scientific institution Oberstufen-Kolleg and the scientific institution Laborschule as well as of both experimental schools had to be adapted. After the first lockdown in spring 2020, adolescents from the Oberstufen-Kolleg were interviewed and their experiences regarding their mobility before and during the lockdown, their activities before and during this time, as well as the maintenance of their contacts were collected and analyzed in several steps, using different qualitative approaches. In this way, an unexpected focus of the young people on a certain form of contact in school could be perceived and picked up. The article reflects the search movements as a consequence of the necessary flexibility of the procedures and shows the potentials of qualitative procedures in the exploration of their living environment.
description: WE_OS Jahrbuch, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (2021): Herausforderungen und Perspektiven für die Oberstufe
Additional file 3 of Health literacy disparities in Thai university students: exploring differences between health science and non-health science disciplines
Creators: name: Manochaiwuthikul, Thanyaporn
name: Chaichutchouwakul, Amornrat
name: Yunan, Nantakarn
name: Winothai, Niwarin
name: Kanta, Peewara
name: Sapbamrer, Ratana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Health literacy scores in individual HL items.
Shape resonances in nested diffraction gratings
Creators: name: Fantino, Angela N.
name: Grosz, Susana I.
name: Skigin, Diana C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffraction problem of a plane wave impinging on a grating formed by nested cavities is solved by means of the modal method, for $s$ and $p$ polarization modes. The cavities are formed by perfectly conducting sheets that describe rectangular profiles. The electromagnetic response of the grating is analyzed, paying particular attention to the generation of resonances within the structure. The dependence of the resonances on the geometrical parameters of the grating is studied, and results of far and near field are shown. The results are checked and compared with those available in the literature for certain limit cases.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Gerechtigkeit durch Flexibilisierung: Eine internationale Perspektive auf Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten der Oberstufe
Creators: name: Sliwka, Anne
name: Roth, Marie Lois
Publisher: name: WE_OS Jahrbuch
Year: 2021

description: Ziel des Beitrags ist, den Bedarf einer bildungsgerechten Oberstufe zu erläutern und internationale Flexibilisierungsangebote als Antwort darauf vorzustellen. Schüler*innen mit geringem Zugriff auf kulturelles, ökonomisches und soziales Kapital erleben auf ihrem Weg zur sowie in der Oberstufe Bildungsbenachteiligung. International gibt es bereits gute Beispiele für eine bildungsgerechtere Ausgestaltung von Oberstufen. Mit Fokus auf der kriterialen Bezugsnorm sowie formativem Feedback offenbart die internationale Bildungslandschaft Flexibilisierungsangebote vor und am Ende der Oberstufe. Das irische „Transition Year“ sowie die dänische „Efterskole“ schaffen Schüler*innen durch gezielte pädagogische Maßnahmen bei der Vorbereitung auf die Oberstufe Raum zur Persönlichkeits- und Kompetenzentwicklung. Mithilfe von flexibel kombinierbaren Lernmodulen sowie einer individualisierbaren Oberstufenzeit und Abschlussprüfungsanzahl bietet sich finnischen Schüler*innen ein bedürfnisorientierter Gestaltungsraum. In Kanada besteht wiederum die Möglichkeit, Kurse und Abschlussprüfungen zu wiederholen. Schlussendlich bedarf eine bildungsgerechtere Oberstufe in Deutschland eines neuen Designs durch mehr Flexibilisierung. This contribution discusses the need of a fairer upper secondary school and presents international flexibilisation concepts which react to this issue. Students with little cultural, economic and social capital experience educational disadvantage on their way to and through upper secondary schools. But there exist already good international examples for a more equitable design of upper secondary schools. The international education landscape shows flexibilisation opportunities at the beginning and at the end of upper secondary schools which focus on the criterial reference standard and on formative feedback. The Irish “Transition Year” and the Danish “Efterskole” provide students, who prepare for upper secondary school, freedom to develop their personality and their competences, taking specific educational measures. By means of flexibly combinable learning modules, individualised study times, and numbers of final examinations, Finnish students find a needs-oriented organisation room. In Canada, students are allowed to repeat courses and final examinations. In conclusion, an educationally fairer upper secondary school in Germany needs a new design with more flexibilisation.
description: WE_OS Jahrbuch, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (2021): Herausforderungen und Perspektiven für die Oberstufe
Rényi and von Neumann entropies of thermal state in Generalized Uncertainty Principle-corrected harmonic oscillator
Creators: name: Kim, MuSeong
name: Hwang, Mi-Ra
name: Jung, Eylee
name: Park, DaeKil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Rényi and von Neumann entropies of the thermal state in the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP)-corrected single harmonic oscillator system are explicitly computed within the first order of the GUP parameter $α$. While the von Neumann entropy with $α= 0$ exhibits a monotonically increasing behavior in external temperature, the nonzero GUP parameter makes the decreasing behavior of the von Neumann entropy at the large temperature region. As a result, the von Neumann entropy is maximized at the finite temperature if $α\neq 0$. The Rényi entropy $S_γ$ with nonzero $α$ also exhibits similar behavior at the large temperature region. In this region the Rényi entropy exhibit decreasing behavior with increasing the temperature. The decreasing rate becomes larger when the order of the Rényi entropy $γ$ is smaller.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures V2: 22 pages, will appear in MPLA
Richtige Noten im Falschen?
Creators: name: Heinrich, Martin
Publisher: name: WE_OS Jahrbuch
Year: 2021

description: Ausgehend von der Problemfrage „Wie verhält man sich möglichst rational innerhalb eines irrationalen Systems?“ thematisiert der Beitrag zunächst die Ansprüche, die in Deutschland seitens der Kultusministerkonferenz (KMK) an die gymnasiale Oberstufe formuliert werden (Kap. 1). Kontrastierend zu diesen Ansprüchen auf vertiefte Allgemeinbildung, allgemeine Studierfähigkeit sowie wissenschaftspropädeutische Bildung wird dann die Benotung als Bewertungsmaßstab problematisiert, da mit ihr streng genommen systematisch eine Praxis organisiert wird, die den von der KMK geforderten Maximen entgegensteht, da ihr das Paradox einer Gradierbarkeit von Studierfähigkeit inhärent ist (Kap. 2). Als Grund für diese Widersprüchlichkeit werden dann die diesem System zugrunde liegenden unpädagogischen Gerechtigkeitsvorstellungen diskutiert (Kap. 3) sowie deren Niederschlag und die mit ihnen verbundene unfaire Chancengleichheit im Notensystem (Kap. 4), bevor dann eine Kritik an den klassischen Bezugsnormen der Notengebung erfolgt und das Programm einer Inklusiven Oberstufe jenseits der asozialen und der pseudoindividuellen Bezugsnorm formuliert wird (Kap. 5). Abschließend (Kap. 6) folgt ein Plädoyer für eine Differenzierung zwischen einer pädagogischen und einer bildungspolitischen Rolle, um einen Ausweg aus dem eingangs formulierten Problemkomplex zu finden, also der Versuch einer Antwort auf die Frage: „Wie verhält man sich möglichst rational innerhalb eines irrationalen Systems?“ Starting from the problem of “How to behave as rationally as possible within an irrational system?”, the article first discusses the demands that the Conference of Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs of the Laender in Germany (KMK) formulates for the upper secondary schools in Germany (chap. 1). Contrasting these demands for in-depth general education, general study skills, and scientific education, grading as a standard of assessment is then problematized, since, strictly speaking, it systematically organizes a practice that contradicts the maxims demanded by the KMK, since the paradox of gradability of study skills is inherent in it (chap. 2). As a reason for this contradictoriness, the uneducational ideas of justice underlying this system are then discussed (chap. 3), as well as their precipitation and the unfair equality of opportunity associated with them in the grading system (chap. 4), before a critique of the classical reference norms of grading is then made and the program of an inclusive upper secondary school beyond the asocial and the pseudo-individual reference norm is formulated (chap. 5). Finally (chap. 6) follows a plea for a differentiation between a pedagogical and an educational role in order to find a way out of the problem complex formulated at the beginning, i.e., the attempt to answer the question: “How does one behave as rationally as possible within an irrational system?”
description: WE_OS Jahrbuch, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (2021): Herausforderungen und Perspektiven für die Oberstufe
Additional file 1 of Improving economic access to healthy diets in first nations communities in high-income, colonised countries: a systematic scoping review
Creators: name: Lee, Amanda J.
name: Herron, Lisa-Maree
name: Rainow, Stephan
name: Wells, Lisa
name: Kenny, Ingrid
name: Kenny, Leon
name: Wells, Imogen
name: Kavanagh, Margaret
name: Bryce, Suzanne
name: Balmer, Liza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Detailed search strategies and results (DOCX 19 kb).
flexible Oberstufe
Creators: name: Fechner, Rainer
Publisher: name: WE_OS Jahrbuch
Year: 2021

description: Das kürzlich erschienene Buch Die flexible Oberstufe setzt sich in Theorie und Praxis mit der höheren Schulbildung bis zum Abitur auseinander. Das Ziel der Autor*innen ist ein Paradigmenwechsel von der vorherrschenden Reglementierung hin zu einer flexibilisierten Oberstufe, die sich an den individuellen Bedürfnissen der Schüler*innen orientiert. Es wird aus unterschiedlicher Perspektive (Hochschule, Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft, Schule) gezeigt, dass ein Schulsystem, das die unterschiedlichen Bildungsbiografien einer zunehmend heterogenen Gesellschaft auffängt, auf Eigenverantwortlichkeit und Teamfähigkeit setzt sowie individuelle Potenziale entdeckt und fördert, den Anforderungen der nächsten Jahrzehnte besser gerecht wird als das derzeitige. Die im Sinne einer Studierfähigkeit unerlässlichen hohen Qualitätsstandards im Abitur können auf flexiblen Wegen besser gesichert werden. Vielfältige Anregungen aus der Praxis bieten einen intensiven Einblick in die mögliche Umsetzung des Konzeptes einer veränderten Oberstufe. Daraus ergeben sich konkrete Forderungen an Gesellschaft und Politik, Rahmenbedingungen zu schaffen, die eine in diesem Sinne moderne Schule möglich machen. The recently published book Die flexible Oberstufe (The Flexible Upper Secondary School) deals with higher education up to the Abitur in theory and practice. The authors’ goal is a paradigm shift from the prevailing regimentation to a more flexible upper school that is oriented towards the individual needs of the students. From different perspectives (university, economy, society, school), it is shown that a school system that accommodates the different educational biographies of an increasingly heterogeneous society, focuses on individual responsibility and teamwork, and discovers and promotes individual potential, will better meet the requirements of the next decades than the current system. The high quality standards in the Abitur, which are indispensable in the sense of being able to study, can be better ensured in flexible ways. Diverse suggestions from the practice offer an intensive insight into the possible implementation of the concept of a modified upper secondary school. This leads to concrete demands on society and politics to create framework conditions that make a modern school in this sense possible.
description: WE_OS Jahrbuch, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (2021): Herausforderungen und Perspektiven für die Oberstufe
Code Smells and Refactoring: A Tertiary Systematic Review of Challenges and Observations
Creators: name: Lacerda, Guilherme
name: Petrillo, Fabio
name: Pimenta, Marcelo
name: Gueheneuc, Yann Gael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present a tertiary systematic literature review of previous surveys, secondary systematic literature reviews, and systematic mappings. We identify the main observations (what we know) and challenges (what we do not know) on code smells and refactoring. We show that code smells and refactoring have a strong relationship with quality attributes, i.e., with understandability, maintainability, testability, complexity, functionality, and reusability. We argue that code smells and refactoring could be considered as the two faces of a same coin. Besides, we identify how refactoring affects quality attributes, more than code smells. We also discuss the implications of this work for practitioners, researchers, and instructors. We identify 13 open issues that could guide future research work. Thus, we want to highlight the gap between code smells and refactoring in the current state of software-engineering research. We wish that this work could help the software-engineering research community in collaborating on future work on code smells and refactoring.
Effects of China's Antidumping Tariffs on U.S-China Bilateral Poultry Trade
Creators: name: Li, Xiaofei
name: Gunter, Lewell F.
name: Epperson, James E.
name: Li, Xiaofei
name: Gunter, Lewell F.
name: Epperson, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: poultry
subject: excess demand
subject: excess supply
subject: antidumping tariff

description: In recent years, the United States has taken the lion’s share of the Chinese broiler meat import market, ranging from 53.0% to 84.9%. Under the threat of rising poultry imports from the United States Chinese producers asked for an investigation into chicken prices, accusing American poultry firms of dumping. The investigation led to antidumping duties on U.S. chicken imports as of February 13, 2010, ranging from 43.1% to 105.4%. This study is designed to evaluate U.S.-China poultry bilateral trade relations under the new tariff using an excess-supply-excess-demand model. The structural model is estimated using GMM with HAC (heteroskedasticity-autocorrelation) robust standard errors to obtain structural coefficients. The analysis focuses on chicken wings, legs, and feet. Monthly data for 2005 to 2009 are used in the analysis and reflect recent events.
Nation building and public education in the crossfire : an examination of the Abbotsford School Board’s 1981 - 1995 origin of life policy
Creators: name: Chahal, Satnam Singh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: How do Canadian education policy makers adjudicate between the competing claims of their multiple constituencies? In the absence of legislative guidelines, it is hoped—from a social justice perspective—that policy makers will advocate a nondiscriminatory 'cultural literacy' (see Pinar, 1993) that facilitates equitable educational outcomes for all students. Unfortunately, education policies are sometimes developed in ways that violate such democratic principles. In order to understand what factors can contribute to the development and maintenance of such problematic policies, I examine the experiences of a semi-rural public school board—the Abbotsford School Board—with creationism instruction between 1981 and 1995. The Board's Origin of Life policy required teachers to supplement instruction in evolutionary theory by instructing students in literalist Christian understandings of the origin of life. This policy is anomalous insofar as British Columbia's public schools steadily moved away from conflating Christianity and education throughout this period. This study seeks to determine what factors allowed and or prompted the Board to take this contrary stance and seek to actively privilege Christian beliefs. After situating the Board's policy within larger discourses concerning religion and public education, I engage in archival analyses of a series of publicly available documents from this period. These documents include: official accounts of the policy found in Board and Ministry of Education notes and correspondence; and, non-official perspectives and contextual information found in articles from the provincial and local print media. My findings suggest that the Abbotsford School Board's 1981-1995 Origin of Life policy is best understood as one part of the Board's larger commitment towards promoting Christian hegemony in its schools. Additionally, this study shows how the Board's policy disposition alone does not adequately explain how it was able to implement and maintain this policy. Sentiment among the local and provincial electorate as well as the policy dispositions of the Ministry of Education are identified as key factors that mediated the Board's engagement with its policy. The implications of these findings as well as areas for future research are then discussed.
Additional file 1 of Assessment of psychosocial aspects in adults in post-COVID-19 condition: the EURONET-SOMA recommendations on core outcome domains for clinical and research use
Creators: name: Salzmann, Stefan
name: de Vroege, Lars
name: Engelmann, Petra
name: Fink, Per
name: Fischer, Susanne
name: Frisch, Stephan
name: Gormsen, Lise Kirstine
name: Hüfner, Katharina
name: Kop, Willem J.
name: Köteles, Ferenc
name: Lehnen, Nadine
name: Löwe, Bernd
name: Pieh, Christoph
name: Pitron, Victor
name: Rask, Charlotte Ulrikka
name: Sainio, Markku
name: Schaefert, Rainer
name: Shedden-Mora, Meike
name: Toussaint, Anne
name: von Känel, Roland
name: Werneke, Ursula
name: Rief, Winfried
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1.
Rectifying an Inconsistency in $F(R)$ Gravity Inflation
Creators: name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we shall provide a formal derivation of the inflationary slow-roll indices for $F(R)$ gravity from the power spectrum without the condition $\dotε_1=0$, frequently used in the literature, where $ε_1=-\frac{\dot{H}}{H^2}$ is the first slow-roll index. We shall employ Karamata's theorem for regularly varying functions, and as we show, we shall derive the same expressions for the scalar and tensor spectral index of $F(R)$ gravity, also appearing in the current literature, without the misleading and rather strong condition $\dotε_1=0$. The only conditions that are needed are the slow-roll assumption, and the smallness of the slow-roll indices and of their derivatives during inflation.
description: EPL Accepted
„Abitur im eigenen Takt“ – neu gedacht
Creators: name: Lau, Ramona
name: Geweke, Michaele
name: Fechner, Rainer
Publisher: name: WE_OS Jahrbuch
Year: 2021

description: Das Abitur in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland wird der heterogenen Schülerschaft in der gymnasialen Oberstufe nicht mehr gerecht. Abitur umfasst in diesem Sinne sowohl die Ausbildung in der Oberstufe als auch die Abschlussprüfungen, die in den Bundesländern in der Regel in einem zentral gesteuerten Prüfungsformat umgesetzt werden. In diesem Beitrag setzen sich die Autor*innen stellvertretend für eine Gruppe von (Schul-)Praktiker*innen mit den veralteten Bedingungen der gymnasialen Oberstufe auseinander und zeigen anhand vieler Praxisverweise auf, warum das derzeitige Abitur nicht mehr zeitgemäß ist. Auf der Basis ihrer Analysen skizzieren die Autor*innen eine moderne Ausbildungs- und Prüfungsordnung für die gymnasiale Oberstufe, die z.B. individualisierte Laufbahnen und auch modular durchgeführte Abschlussprüfungen ermöglicht. The Abitur (secondary-school demands) in the Federal Republic of Germany does not do justice to the heterogeneous students at secondary school level. Abitur in this context comprises both teaching and learning at secondary level and the final examinations, which are generally run in a centrally controlled examination format. In this contribution, the authors, representative for a team of (school) practitioners, deal with the outdated requirements at the secondary school level and show why those are no longer in keeping with the lines, using various examples from practice. Based on their analysis, the authors map modern schooling and examination regulations for the secondary school level, which allow, for example, individualized career paths and modularized final exams.
description: WE_OS Jahrbuch, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (2021): Herausforderungen und Perspektiven für die Oberstufe
Diferencial de Salários no Meio Rural Brasileiro: uma aplicação da decomposição de Oaxaca
Creators: name: Figueiredo, Nayana Mangueira
name: Neri, Isabela Luciana Araujo
name: Moreira, Ivan Targino
name: Teixeira, Gibran Da Silva
name: Cordeiro, Ariela Diniz
name: Figueiredo, Nayana Mangueira
name: Neri, Isabela Luciana Araujo
name: Moreira, Ivan Targino
name: Teixeira, Gibran Da Silva
name: Cordeiro, Ariela Diniz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Trabalho rural
subject: Diferenciação salarial
subject: Decomposição de Oaxaca
subject: Labor agriculture
subject: Wage gap
subject: Oaxaca decomposition

description: O trabalho analisa o diferencial de rendimento, levando em consideração a discriminação entre trabalhadores do meio rural que tem sua ocupação em atividades agrícolas e não agrícolas. Foram utilizadas as informações da Pesquisa Nacional de Amostra Domiciliar – PNAD de 2006. A decomposição de Oaxaca foi o método adotado para mostrar a contribuição da ocupação do trabalhador rural para o diferencial de salário. Os resultados mostraram que há discriminação por ocupação, e que é menor o retorno dos salários em função da escolaridade para os trabalhadores rurais. The aim of this paper is to analyze the wage differentials, taking in consideration the discrimination among labor of the agriculture way that has its occupation in agricultural and not agricultural activities. We use data from National Household Survey - PNAD 2006. The result Oaxaca decomposition was the method adopted to show the contribution of the labor agriculture occupation for the wage gap. The results had shown that it has discrimination for occupation, and that the return of the wages in function of the escolaridade for the agricultural workers is lesser.
Additional file 1 of ATP measurement as an objective method to measure environmental contamination in 9 hospitals in the Dutch/Belgian border area
Creators: name: Arkel, Andreas Van
name: Willemsen, Ina
name: Kilsdonk-Bode, Linda
name: Vlamings-Wagenaars, Sindy
name: Oudheusden, Anne Van
name: Waegemaeker, Pascal De
name: Leroux-Roels, Isabel
name: Verelst, Martine
name: Maas, Evelien
name: Oosten, Anita Van
name: Willemse, Patricia
name: Asselen, Esther Van
name: Klomp-Berens, Ella
name: Franssen, Karen
name: Cauwenberg, Elise Van
name: Kluytmans, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table 5. Univariate and multivariate analysis per group, with
FONTES DE CRESCIMENTO DAS EXPORTAÇÕES DO COMPLEXO SOJA BRASILEIRO
Creators: name: Coronel, Daniel Arruda
name: Carvalho, Fatima Marilia Andrade De
name: Machado, Joao Armando Dessimon
name: Coronel, Daniel Arruda
name: Carvalho, Fatima Marilia Andrade De
name: Machado, Joao Armando Dessimon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Complexo Soja
subject: Constant-Market-Share
subject: Comércio Internacional
subject: Soy Complex
subject: International Commerce

description: O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar as principais fontes de crescimento das exportações brasileiras de soja em grão, farelo e óleo de 1995 a 2004. Para tanto, utilizou-se o modelo de comércio internacional Constant-Market-Share, que permitiu decompor as fontes de crescimento em quatro efeitos, quais sejam, crescimento do comércio mundial, composição da pauta, destino das exportações e competitividade. Os dados para o cálculo do modelo Constant-Market-Share foram coletados junto ao Sistema de Análise das Informações de Comércio Exterior (ALICE), da Secretaria de Comércio Exterior (SECEX), que possui os dados de exportações brasileiras Free on Board (FOB) em dólares, à Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) e à Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC). Os resultados indicaram que as principais fontes de crescimento para o grão, o farelo e o óleo de soja do período II em relação ao período I foi a competitividade, e do período III em relação ao período II foi o crescimento do comércio mundial. The aim of this paper is identify the principal sources of growth on Brazilian exports of soy in grain, bran and oil from 1995 to 2004. For this, it was used the model of international commerce Constant-Market-Share, which allowed analyzing the sources of growth in four effects: growth of the world commerce, composition of the subject, destiny of the exports and competitiveness. The data to calculate the model Constant-Market-Share were collected from the System of Analysis of Informations from the Exterior Commerce (ALICE), the General Office of Exterior Commerce (SECEX), that has the data of Brazilian exports Free on Board (FOB) in dollars, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World-wide Organization of the Commerce (WTO). The results indicated that the principal sources of growth for the grain, the bran and the oil soy oil during the period II in relation to the period I was the competitiveness, and during the period III according to the period II was the growth of the world commerce.
Additional file 3 of Improving economic access to healthy diets in first nations communities in high-income, colonised countries: a systematic scoping review
Creators: name: Lee, Amanda J.
name: Herron, Lisa-Maree
name: Rainow, Stephan
name: Wells, Lisa
name: Kenny, Ingrid
name: Kenny, Leon
name: Wells, Imogen
name: Kavanagh, Margaret
name: Bryce, Suzanne
name: Balmer, Liza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Copy of slides presenting findings of literature review to NPYWC Anangu research team and service providers (co-design workshop), Alice Springs, November 2022 (PDF 1939 kb).