cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The modified Yule-Walker method for multidimensional infinite-variance periodic autoregressive model of order 1
Creators: name: Giri, Prashant
name: Grzesiek, Aleksandra
name: Żuławiński, Wojciech
name: Sundar, S.
name: Wyłomańska, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The time series with periodic behavior, such as the periodic autoregressive (PAR) models belonging to the class of the periodically correlated processes, are present in various real applications. In the literature, such processes were considered in different directions, especially with the Gaussian-distributed noise. However, in most of the applications, the assumption of the finite-variance distribution seems to be too simplified. Thus, one can consider the extensions of the classical PAR model where the non-Gaussian distribution is applied. In particular, the Gaussian distribution can be replaced by the infinite-variance distribution, e.g. by the $α-$stable distribution. In this paper, we focus on the multidimensional $α-$stable PAR time series models. For such models, we propose a new estimation method based on the Yule-Walker equations. However, since for the infinite-variance case the covariance does not exist, thus it is replaced by another measure, namely the covariation. In this paper we propose to apply two estimators of the covariation measure. The first one is based on moment representation (moment-based) while the second one - on the spectral measure representation (spectral-based). The validity of the new approaches are verified using the Monte Carlo simulations in different contexts, including the sample size and the index of stability of the noise. Moreover, we compare the moment-based covariation-based method with spectral-based covariation-based technique. Finally, the real data analysis is presented.
description: 31 pages, 17 figures
Whole Systems Networking Fund: Working to Improve Equity, Diversity and Inclusion Across Energy R...
Creators: name: Bays, Jessica
name: Nduka, Eleanya
name: Jimoh, Modupe
name: Liu, Lirong
name: Silva, Nyanee
name: Liu, Xinyao
name: Bharucha, Zareen
name: Khalid, Rihab
name: Caprotti, Federico
name: Bobbins, Kerry
name: Pailman, Whitney
name: Bookbinder, Ruth
name: Garrett, Jo
name: Gul, Mehreen
Publisher: name: UKERC
Year: 2024

description: In this report we provide a brief overview of the UKERC Whole Systems Networking Fund, before providing summaries from each of the projects awarded during the programme.
Rohde, Michael, Der Knecht Hiob im Gespräch mit Mose
Creators: name: Steinberg, Julius
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1823351328
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 23 (2009): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 23
title: Die Therapie einer Coalitio talocalcanearis mit Resektionsarthroplastik und Autologer Matrixinduzierter Chondrogenese (AMIC): 3 Jahresergebnisse
Creators: name: Altenberger, Sebastian
name: Gottschalk, Oliver
name: Kriegelstein, Stefanie
name: Dreyer, Florian
name: Mehlhorn, Alexander
name: Walther, Markus
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Distorsion
subject: Pes plano valgus
subject: AMIC
subject: Coalitio
subject: Schmerz Sprunggelenk
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: Die Coalitio talocalcanearis stellt eine knöcherne oder bindegewebige Brückenbildung im Subtalargelenk dar. Neben der eingeschränkten Beweglichkeit finden sich oft rigide Fehlstellungen des Rückfußes. In der Studie galt es zu klären, inwiefern Patienten[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2016)
Overcoming non-radiative losses with AlGaAs PIN junctions for near-field thermophotonic energy harvesting
Creators: name: Legendre, Julien
name: Chapuis, Pierre-Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a thermophotonic device used in an energy-harvesting configuration, a hot light-emitting diode (LED) is coupled to a photovoltaic (PV) cell by means of electroluminescent radiation in order to produce electrical power. Using fluctuational electrodynamics and the drift-diffusion equations, we optimise a device made of an AlGaAs PIN LED and a GaAs PIN PV cell with matched bandgaps. We find that the LED can work as an efficient heat pump only in the near field, where radiative heat transfer is increased by wave tunnelling. A key reason is that non-radiative recombination rates are reduced compared to radiative ones in this regime. At 10 nm gap distance and for 100 cm.s --1 effective surface recombination velocity, the power output can reach 2.2 W.cm --2 for a 600 K LED, which highlights the potential for low-grade energy harvesting.
description: Applied Physics Letters, 2022
Begerau, Gunnar, Elia vom Krit zum Jordan
Creators: name: Riebesehl, Klaus
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1823350755
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 23 (2009): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 23
A Distant Echo of Milky Way Central Activity closes the Galaxy's Baryon Census
Creators: name: Nicastro, F.
name: Senatore, F.
name: Krongold, Y.
name: Mathur, S.
name: Elvis, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the presence of large amounts of million-degree gas in the Milky Way's interstellar and circum-galactic medium. This gas (1) permeates both the Galactic plane and the halo, (2) extends to distances larger than 60-200 kpc from the center, and (3) its mass is sufficient to close the Galaxy's baryon census. Moreover, we show that a vast, $\sim 6$ kpc radius, spherically-symmetric central region of the Milky Way above and below the 0.16 kpc thick plane, has either been emptied of hot gas or the density of this gas within the cavity has a peculiar profile, increasing from the center up to a radius of $\sim 6$ kpc, and then decreasing with a typical halo density profile. This, and several other converging pieces of evidence, suggest that the current surface of the cavity, at 6 kpc from the Galaxy's center, traces the distant echo of a period of strong nuclear activity of our super-massive black-hole, occurred about 6 Myrs ago.
description: 19 pages, 3 Figures, 2 paper; Accepted for publication in the ApJL (replaces submitted version)
Rotational Crofton Formulae with a Fixed Subspace
Creators: name: Dare, Emil
name: Kiderlen, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C65 (Primary), 60D05, 52A20, 28A75 (Secondary)

description: The classical Crofton formula explains how intrinsic volumes of a convex body $K$ in $n$-dimensional Euclidean space can be obtained from integrating a measurement function at sections of $K$ with invariantly moved affine flats. Motivated by stereological applications, we present variants of Crofton's formula, where the flats are constrained to contain a fixed linear subspace $L_0$, but are otherwise invariantly rotated. This main result generalizes a known rotational Crofton formula, which only covers the case $\dim L_0=0$. The proof combines a suitable Blaschke--Petkantschin formula with the classical Crofton formula. We also argue that our main result is best possible, in the sense that one cannot estimate intrinsic volumes of a set, based on lower-dimensional sections, other than those given by our result. Finally, we provide a proof for a well-established variant: an integral relation for vertical sections. Our formula is stated for intrinsic volumes of a given set, complementing the classical approach for Hausdorff measures.
DIREITOS E DEVERES DOS ACOMPANHANTES EM UMA EMERGÊNCIA
Creators: name: Christani, Vinck Anjos
name: RENATTA GLAUCY FERNANDES THOMAZ GOMES
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Zenodo
Registro de materiais
Registro
Emergência

description: O referente item foi criado em conjunto com a Enfermeira Renata para auxiliar na emergência do Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro com o fim de demonstrar para os acompanhantes dos pacientes internados o que é pode ou não ser realizado dentro da unidade, visto que isso se mostrou como um problema no setor
description: {"references": ["https://www.gov.br/ebserh/pt-br/hospitais-universitarios/regiao-sudeste/huap-uff/saude/orientacoes-ao-visitante-e-acompanhante", "https://www.gov.br/ebserh/pt-br/hospitais-universitarios/regiao-centro-oeste/hc-ufg/saude/internacao/normas-de-internacao-1/normas-para-acompanhantes-de-pacientes", "http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/94933"]}
Holographic confinement in inhomogenous backgrounds
Creators: name: Marolf, Donald
name: Wien, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As noted by Witten, compactifying a $d$-dimensional holographic CFT on an $S^1$ gives a class of $(d-1)$-dimensional confining theories with gravity duals. The prototypical bulk solution dual to the ground state is a double Wick rotation of the AdS$_{d+1}$ Schwarzschild black hole known as the AdS soliton. We generalize such examples by allowing slow variations in the size of the $S^1$, and thus in the confinement scale. Coefficients governing the second order response of the system are computed for $3 \le d \le 8$ using a derivative expansion closely related to the fluid-gravity correspondence. The primary physical results are that i) gauge-theory flux tubes tend to align orthogonal to gradients and along the eigenvector of the Hessian with the lowest eigenvalue, ii) flux tubes aligned orthogonal to gradients are attracted to gradients for $d \le 6$ but repelled by gradients for $d \ge 7$, iii) flux tubes are repelled by regions where the second derivative along the tube is large and positive but are attracted to regions where the eigenvalues of the Hessian are large and positive in directions orthogonal to the tube, and iv) for $d > 3$, inhomogeneities act to raise the total energy of the confining vacuum above its zeroth order value.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, typos corrected
NRBdMF: A recommendation algorithm for predicting drug effects considering directionality
Creators: name: Azuma, Iori
name: Mizuno, Tadahaya
name: Kusuhara, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.3

description: Predicting the novel effects of drugs based on information about approved drugs can be regarded as a recommendation system. Matrix factorization is one of the most used recommendation systems and various algorithms have been devised for it. A literature survey and summary of existing algorithms for predicting drug effects demonstrated that most such methods, including neighborhood regularized logistic matrix factorization, which was the best performer in benchmark tests, used a binary matrix that considers only the presence or absence of interactions. However, drug effects are known to have two opposite aspects, such as side effects and therapeutic effects. In the present study, we proposed using neighborhood regularized bidirectional matrix factorization (NRBdMF) to predict drug effects by incorporating bidirectionality, which is a characteristic property of drug effects. We used this proposed method for predicting side effects using a matrix that considered the bidirectionality of drug effects, in which known side effects were assigned a positive label (plus 1) and known treatment effects were assigned a negative (minus 1) label. The NRBdMF model, which utilizes drug bidirectional information, achieved enrichment of side effects at the top and indications at the bottom of the prediction list. This first attempt to consider the bidirectional nature of drug effects using NRBdMF showed that it reduced false positives and produced a highly interpretable output.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures (main text); 10 pages, 6 figures (supplementary text)
title: Transkutan steifigkeitsvariierbare Nickel-Titanium (NiTi)-Plattenosteosynthese einer Tibiaosteotomie im Schafsmodell
Creators: name: Decker, Sebastian
name: Determann, Inken
name: Pfeifer, Ronny
name: Wesling, Volker
name: Hurschler, Christof
name: Krettek, Christian
name: Krämer, Manuel
name: Müller, Christian W.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Formgedächtnislegierung
subject: Pseudarthrose
subject: inverse Dynamisierung
subject: Schaf
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: Ist eine neu entwickelte steifigkeitsvariable NiTi-Osteosyntheseplatte im Großfragmentmasstab in den unterschiedlichen möglichen Konfigurationen geeignet, eine knöcherne Heilung einer Tibiaosteotomie im Schafmodell herbeizuführen? Methodik: Es erfolgte die[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2016)
Policy, Risk and Investment in UK Offshore Wind Capacity
Creators: name: Maximov, Serguey
name: Rickman, Jamie
name: Gross, Rob
name: Ameli, Nadia
Publisher: name: UKERC
Year: 2024

description: This briefing summarises findings on how different UK policy instruments to promote the growth of renewable generation have influenced financiers and changed the nature of finance in the UK offshore wind market.
Imaging-based representation and stratification of intra-tumor Heterogeneity via tree-edit distance
Creators: name: Cavinato, Lara
name: Pegoraro, Matteo
name: Ragni, Alessandra
name: Sollini, Martina
name: Erba, Anna Paola
name: Ieva, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Personalized medicine is the future of medical practice. In oncology, tumor heterogeneity assessment represents a pivotal step for effective treatment planning and prognosis prediction. Despite new procedures for DNA sequencing and analysis, non-invasive methods for tumor characterization are needed to impact on daily routine. On purpose, imaging texture analysis is rapidly scaling, holding the promise to surrogate histopathological assessment of tumor lesions. In this work, we propose a tree-based representation strategy for describing intra-tumor heterogeneity of patients affected by metastatic cancer. We leverage radiomics information extracted from PET/CT imaging and we provide an exhaustive and easily readable summary of the disease spreading. We exploit this novel patient representation to perform cancer subtyping according to hierarchical clustering technique. To this purpose, a new heterogeneity-based distance between trees is defined and applied to a case study of prostate cancer. Clusters interpretation is explored in terms of concordance with severity status, tumor burden and biological characteristics. Results are promising, as the proposed method outperforms current literature approaches. Ultimately, the proposed method draws a general analysis framework that would allow to extract knowledge from daily acquired imaging data of patients and provide insights for effective treatment planning.
Direct determinations of the nucleon and pion $σ$ terms at nearly physical quark masses
Creators: name: Bali, Gunnar S.
name: Collins, Sara
name: Richtmann, Daniel
name: Schäfer, Andreas
name: Söldner, Wolfgang
name: Sternbeck, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a high statistics study of the pion and nucleon light and strange quark sigma terms using $N_f=2$ dynamical non-perturbatively improved clover fermions with a range of pion masses down to $m_π\sim 150$ MeV and several volumes, $Lm_π=3.4$ up to $6.7$, and lattice spacings, $a=0.06-0.08$ fm, enabling a study of finite volume and discretisation effects for $m_π\gtrsim 260$ MeV. Systematics are found to be reasonably under control. For the nucleon we obtain $σ_{πN}=35(6)$ MeV and $σ_s=35(12)$ MeV, or equivalently in terms of the quark fractions, $f_{T_u}=0.021(4)$, $f_{T_d}=0.016(4)$ and $f_{T_s}=0.037(13)$, where the errors include estimates of both the systematic and statistical uncertainties. These values, together with perturbative matching in the heavy quark limit, lead to $f_{T_c}=0.075(4)$, $f_{T_b}=0.072(2)$ and $f_{T_t}=0.070(1)$. In addition, through the use of the (inverse) Feynman-Hellmann theorem our results for $σ_{πN}$ are shown to be consistent with the nucleon masses determined in the analysis. For the pion we implement a method which greatly reduces excited state contamination to the scalar matrix elements from states travelling across the temporal boundary. This enables us to demonstrate the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner expectation $σ_π=m_π/2$ over our range of pion masses.
description: 31 pages, 18 figures, v2, small changes to text and figures
Enhancing the limit of uniaxial magnetic anisotropy induced by ion beam erosion
Creators: name: Bera, Anup Kumar
name: Dev, Arun Singh
name: Kumar, Dileep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The artificial tailoring of magnetic anisotropy by manipulation of interfacial morphology and film structure are of fundamental interest from application point of view in spintronic and magnetic memory devices. This letter reports an approach of engineering and enhancing the strength of oblique incidence ion beam erosion (IBE) induced in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy (UMA) by simultaneous modification of film morphology as well as film texture. To meet this objective, Cobalt film and Si substrate have been taken as a model system. Unlike conventional post growth IBE of film, we direct our effort to the sequential deposition and subsequent IBE of the film. Detailed in-situ investigation insights that the film grows in highly biaxially textured polycrystalline state with formation of nanometric surface ripples. The film also exhibits pronounced UMA with easy axis oriented parallel to the surface ripple direction. Remarkably, the induced UMA is about one order of magnitude larger than the reported similar kind of earlier studies. The possibility of imposing in-plane crystallographic texture giving rise to magneto-crystalline anisotropy, along with long-range dipolar interaction throughout ripple crests enhances the strength of the UMA. The present findings can be further extended to systems characterized by different crystallographic structure and magnetic properties and show the general applicability of the present method.
A Probabilistic Framework for Mutation Testing in Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Tambon, Florian
name: Khomh, Foutse
name: Antoniol, Giuliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context: Mutation Testing (MT) is an important tool in traditional Software Engineering (SE) white-box testing. It aims to artificially inject faults in a system to evaluate a test suite's capability to detect them, assuming that the test suite defects finding capability will then translate to real faults. If MT has long been used in SE, it is only recently that it started gaining the attention of the Deep Learning (DL) community, with researchers adapting it to improve the testability of DL models and improve the trustworthiness of DL systems. Objective: If several techniques have been proposed for MT, most of them neglected the stochasticity inherent to DL resulting from the training phase. Even the latest MT approaches in DL, which propose to tackle MT through a statistical approach, might give inconsistent results. Indeed, as their statistic is based on a fixed set of sampled training instances, it can lead to different results across instances set when results should be consistent for any instance. Methods: In this work, we propose a Probabilistic Mutation Testing (PMT) approach that alleviates the inconsistency problem and allows for a more consistent decision on whether a mutant is killed or not. Results: We show that PMT effectively allows a more consistent and informed decision on mutations through evaluation using three models and eight mutation operators used in previously proposed MT methods. We also analyze the trade-off between the approximation error and the cost of our method, showing that relatively small error can be achieved for a manageable cost. Conclusion: Our results showed the limitation of current MT practices in DNN and the need to rethink them. We believe PMT is the first step in that direction which effectively removes the lack of consistency across test executions of previous methods caused by the stochasticity of DNN training.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. Submitted to Information and Software Technology Journal
Frequency Domain Identification of Multirate Systems: A Lifted Local Polynomial Modeling Approach
Creators: name: van Haren, Max
name: Blanken, Lennart
name: Oomen, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Frequency-domain representations of multirate systems are essential for controller design and performance evaluation of multirate systems and sampled-data control. The aim of this paper is to develop a time-efficient closed-loop identification approach for multirate systems in the frequency-domain. The developed method utilizes local polynomial modeling for lifted representations of LPTV systems, which enables direct identification of closed-loop multirate systems in a single identification experiment. Unlike LTI identification techniques, the developed method does not suffer from bias due to ignored LPTV dynamics. The developed approach is demonstrated on a multirate example, resulting in accurate and fast identification in the frequency domain.
description: To appear in IEEE 61st Conference on Decision and Control, Cancun, Mexico, 2022, uploaded to arXiv 31-08-2022
Seven principles of place-based net zero policy for SMEs
Creators: name: Eadson, Will
name: Hampton, Sam
name: Sugar, Katherine
name: Blundel, Richard
name: Northall, Phil
Publisher: name: UKERC
Year: 2024

description: This report sets out seven principles of place-based net-zero policy for SMEs. Setting place-based action within context of national, international, and sector action on climate change, the report provides assessment of where place-based action can provide most added value, and address limitations in existing provision.
ShortcutLens: A Visual Analytics Approach for Exploring Shortcuts in Natural Language Understanding Dataset
Creators: name: Jin, Zhihua
name: Wang, Xingbo
name: Cheng, Furui
name: Sun, Chunhui
name: Liu, Qun
name: Qu, Huamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Benchmark datasets play an important role in evaluating Natural Language Understanding (NLU) models. However, shortcuts -- unwanted biases in the benchmark datasets -- can damage the effectiveness of benchmark datasets in revealing models' real capabilities. Since shortcuts vary in coverage, productivity, and semantic meaning, it is challenging for NLU experts to systematically understand and avoid them when creating benchmark datasets. In this paper, we develop a visual analytics system, ShortcutLens, to help NLU experts explore shortcuts in NLU benchmark datasets. The system allows users to conduct multi-level exploration of shortcuts. Specifically, Statistics View helps users grasp the statistics such as coverage and productivity of shortcuts in the benchmark dataset. Template View employs hierarchical and interpretable templates to summarize different types of shortcuts. Instance View allows users to check the corresponding instances covered by the shortcuts. We conduct case studies and expert interviews to evaluate the effectiveness and usability of the system. The results demonstrate that ShortcutLens supports users in gaining a better understanding of benchmark dataset issues through shortcuts, inspiring them to create challenging and pertinent benchmark datasets.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Field work in Indonesia and conducting a comparative discourse analysis
Creators: name: Stewart, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: digitalisation
digitalization
digital literacy
Open Science
discourse analysis
Indonesia

description: This presentation highlights field work conducted in the context of PRODIGEES-connected PhD research on digitalisation and Open Science discourses in Germany, Indonesia, and Mexico. In particular, this presentation focuses on the fruits of qualitative research conducted in Indonesia from January to March 2023.
description: PRODIGEES, Horizon 2020 MSCA-RISE, Grant Agreement #873119
A new instrument for high statistics measurement of photomultiplier characteristics
Creators: name: Bozza, C.
name: Chiarusi, T.
name: Costa, M.
name: Di Capua, F.
name: Kulikovskiy, V.
name: Mele, R.
name: Migliozzi, P.
name: Mollo, C. M.
name: Pellegrino, C.
name: Riccobene, G.
name: Vivolo, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the early days of experimental particle physics photomultipliers (PMTs) have played an important role in the detector design. Thanks to their capability of fast photon counting, PMTs are extensively used in the new-generation of astroparticle physics experiments, such as air, ice and water Cherenkov detectors. Small size PMTs ($\leq $ 3 inches diameter) show little sensitivity to the Earth magnetic field, small transit time, stable transit time spread; the price per photocathode area is less comparing to the one for the large area PMTs, typically used so far in such applications. Together with developments and reduced price of multichannel electronics, the use of PMTs of 3-inches or smaller diameter is a promising option even for nowadays large volume detectors. In this paper we report on the design and performance of a new instrument for mass characterisation of PMTs (from 1 inch to 3 inches size), capable to calibrate hundreds of PMTs per day and provide measurements of dark counts, signal amplitude, late-, delayed-, pre- and after-pulses, transit time and transit time spread.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, to be published in JINST
Epitaxially Stabilized Oxide Composed of Twisted Triangular-Lattice Layers
Creators: name: Uchida, M.
name: Ohba, K.
name: Ohuchi, Y.
name: Kozuka, Y.
name: Kawasaki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Layered oxides have been intensively studied due to their high designability for various electronic functions. Here we synthesize a new oxide as epitaxial thin film form by pulsed laser deposition. Film characterizations including cross-section and plan-view transmission electron microscopy confirm that the film is composed of twisted stack of triangular-lattice Rh and Bi layers. We foresee that the concept of twisted oxide layers will open up a new route to design further functional layered oxides.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Cooling a Mechanical Resonator with a Nitrogen-Vacancy Center Ensemble Using a Room Temperature Excited State Spin-Strain Interaction
Creators: name: MacQuarrie, E. R.
name: Otten, M.
name: Gray, S. K.
name: Fuchs, G. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a protocol to dissipatively cool a room temperature mechanical resonator using a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center ensemble. The spin ensemble is coupled to the resonator through its orbitally-averaged excited state, which has a spin-strain interaction that has not been previously characterized. We experimentally demonstrate that the spin-strain coupling in the excited state is $13.5\pm0.5$ times stronger than the ground state spin-strain coupling. We then theoretically show that this interaction combined with a high-density spin ensemble enables the cooling of a mechanical resonator from room temperature to a fraction of its thermal phonon occupancy.
description: Main text is 11 pages in preprint formatting, with 4 figures. Also included is 17 pages of supporting information including 7 supporting figures
Background Field Functional Renormalization Group for Absorbing State Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Buchhold, Michael
name: Diehl, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a functional renormalization group approach for the active to inactive phase transition in directed percolation type systems, in which the transition is approached from the active, finite density phase. By expanding the effective potential for the density field around its minimum, we obtain a background field action functional, which serves as a starting point for the functional renormalization group approach. Due to the presence of the background field, the corresponding non-perturbative flow equations yield remarkably good estimates for the critical exponents of the directed percolation universality class, even in low dimensions.
Non-parametric Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition for extracting weak features to identify bearing defects
Creators: name: Kumar, Anil
name: Berrouche, Yaakoub
name: Zimroz, Radosław
name: Vashishtha, Govind
name: Chauhan, Sumika
name: Gandhi, C. P.
name: Tang, Hesheng
name: Xiang, Jiawei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A non-parametric complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition (NPCEEMD) is proposed for identifying bearing defects using weak features. NPCEEMD is non-parametric because, unlike existing decomposition methods such as ensemble empirical mode decomposition, it does not require defining the ideal SNR of noise and the number of ensembles, every time while processing the signals. The simulation results show that mode mixing in NPCEEMD is less than the existing decomposition methods. After conducting in-depth simulation analysis, the proposed method is applied to experimental data. The proposed NPCEEMD method works in following steps. First raw signal is obtained. Second, the obtained signal is decomposed. Then, the mutual information (MI) of the raw signal with NPCEEMD-generated IMFs is computed. Further IMFs with MI above 0.1 are selected and combined to form a resulting signal. Finally, envelope spectrum of resulting signal is computed to confirm the presence of defect.
title: EnergyPath - Planning Guidance
Creators: name: Jones Lang LaSalle Ltd (JLL)
Publisher: name: ETI
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Smart Systems and Heat
subject: ENERGY EFFICIENCY (Residential and commercial)
subject: OTHER CROSS-CUTTING TECHNOLOGIES or RESEARCH (Energy system analysis)
subject: OTHER CROSS-CUTTING TECHNOLOGIES or RESEARCH (Environmental, social and economic impacts)
subject: OTHER CROSS-CUTTING TECHNOLOGIES or RESEARCH (Energy Models)
subject: OTHER CROSS-CUTTING TECHNOLOGIES or RESEARCH (Other Supporting Data)

description: Energy consultancy Baringa Partners were appointed to design and develop a software modelling tool to be used in the planning of cost-effective local energy systems. This software is called EnergyPath and will evolve to include a number of additional packages to inform planning, consumer insights and business metrics. Element Energy, Hitachi and University College London have worked with Baringa to develop the software with input from a range of local authorities, Western Power Distribution and Ramboll. EnergyPath will complement ETI’s national strategic energy system tool ESME which links heat, power, transport and the infrastructure that connects them. EnergyPath is a registered trade mark of the Energy Technologies Institute LLP.

This Guide provides advice and recommendations to Local Government and other local organisations on undertaking a new objective, evidence based and data driven whole systems approach to local area energy planning. In response to this local challenge and to support more effective local area energy planning,the Energy Technologies Institute (ETI) Smart Systems and Heat Programme has developed and piloted a local area energy planning analysis framework - EnergyPath Networks. This has involved a new, ‘whole system’ approach to planning and design of local energy systems and has been piloted with three UK local authorities.

The pilot has identified decarbonisation pathways and network choices based on the geography, buildings, energy infrastructure, energy demand, resources, urban growth plans and decarbonisation ambitions for each local area.The Guide provides the following:a description of the policy imperative which supports local area energy planning;an assessment of how this fits in with energy planning already being undertaken by various local authorities and energy network operators across the UK;an explanation of the steps to be taken in adopting a whole system approach to local area energy planning outlining how local areas can follow an approach which reflects local circumstances to achieve decarbonisation goals, clean growth and other local drivers such as energy security and affordability, reflecting government advice.A list of additional resources supporting local area energy planning is provided at the end of this guide.
Preface
Creators: name: Pernicka, Ernst
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Vor- und Frühgeschichte , Archäologie , Troja , Türkei
subject: 930
subject: prehistory
subject: archaeology
subject: Troy
subject: Turkey

description: Preface to Troia 1987 - 2012: Grabungen und Forschungen I
Finite-time Cosmological Singularities and the Possible Fate of the Universe
Creators: name: de Haro, Jaume
name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, S. D.
name: Oikonomou, V. K.
name: Pan, Supriya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Singularities in any physical theory are either remarkable indicators of the unknown underlying fundamental theory, or indicate a change in the description of the physical reality. In General Relativity there are three fundamental kinds of singularities that might occur, firstly the black hole spacelike crushing singularities, e.g. in the Schwarzschild case and two cosmological spacelike singularities appearing in finite-time, namely, the Big Bang singularity and the Big Rip singularity. In the case of black hole and Big Bang singularity, the singularity indicates that the physics is no longer described by the classical gravity theory but some quantum version of gravity is probably needed. The Big Rip is a future singularity which appears in the context of General Relativity due to a phantom scalar field needed to describe the dark energy era. Apart from the Big Rip singularity, a variety of finite-time future singularities, such as, sudden singularity, Big Freeze singularity, generalized sudden singularity, $w$-singularity and so on, are allowed in various class of cosmological models irrespective of their origin. The occurrence of these finite-time singularities has been intensively investigated in the context of a variety of dark energy, modified gravity, and other alternative cosmological theories. These singularities suggest that the current cosmological scenario is probably an approximate version of a fundamental theory yet to be discovered. In this review we provide a concrete overview of the cosmological theories constructed in the context of Einstein's General Relativity and modified gravity theories that may lead to finite-time cosmological singularities. We also discuss various approaches suggested in the literature that could potentially prevent or mitigate finite-time singularities within the cosmological scenarios.
description: Invited Review Article from Physics Reports; Published version; 138 pages including 7 tables, 1 figure and the references
On the origin of constrained superfields
Creators: name: Dall'Agata, G.
name: Dudas, E.
name: Farakos, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we analyze constrained superfields in supersymmetry and supergravity. We propose a constraint that, in combination with the constrained goldstino multiplet, consistently removes any selected component from a generic superfield. We also describe its origin, providing the operators whose equations of motion lead to the decoupling of such components. We illustrate our proposal by means of various examples and show how known constraints can be reproduced by our method.
description: 20 pages, to be published in JHEP
BCS, Nambu-Jona-Lasinio, and Han-Nambu -- A sketch of Nambu's works in 1960-1965
Creators: name: Fujikawa, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The years of 1960-1965 were a remarkable period for Yoichiro Nambu. Starting with a reformulation of BCS theory with emphasis on gauge invariance, he recognized the realization of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in particle physics as is evidenced by the Goldberger-Treiman relation. A concrete model of Nambu and Jona-Lasinio illustrated the essence of the Nambu-Goldstone theorem and the idea of soft pions. After the proposal of the quark model by Gell-Mann, he together with Han constructed an alternative model of integrally charged quarks with possible non-Abelian gluons. All those remarkable works were performed during the years 1960-1965. Here I briefly review those works following the original papers of Nambu chronologically, together with a brief introduction to a formulation of Neother's theorem and Ward-Takahashi identities using path integrals. This article is mostly based on a lecture given at the Nambu Memorial Symposium held at Osaka City University in September 2015, where Nambu started his professional career.
description: 21 pages. An introductory lecture given at Nambu Memorial Symposium at Osaka City University, September 29, 2015
title: The revival of nationalism and secularism in modern Iran
title: LSE Middle East Centre paper series, 11
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Abdolmohammadi, Pejman
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: J Political Science
subject: JA Political Science (General)

description: Iran is currently facing a time of demographic and ideological change. As the post-revolutionary generation has emerged into political awareness, there has been a revival of interest in democracy, nationalism, secularism and constitutionalism, and a heterogenic protest movement has gathered strength – particularly among young Iranians. This working paper aims to investigate these ongoing trends of secularisation and nationalism, as well as the response of the government. While the younger generation is not yet able to compete on a political level with the élite of the Islamic Republic, they do have potential, in the next decade, to establish a new ruling class able to change the political landscape of Iran.
Surface barrier effect as evidence of chiral soliton lattice formation in chiral dichalcogenide CrTa$_{3}$S$_{6}$ crystals
Creators: name: Mizutani, K.
name: Jiang, J.
name: Monden, K.
name: Shimamoto, Y.
name: Kousaka, Y.
name: Togawa, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of chiral magnetic soliton lattice (CSL) is investigated in monoaxial chiral dichalcogenide CrTa$_{3}$S$_{6}$ crystals in terms of a surface barrier, which prevents a penetration of chiral solitons into the system and is an intrinsic origin of hysteresis for the continuous phase transition of nucleation-type, as discussed in the system of quantized vortices in type-II superconductors. The magnetoresistance (MR) was examined with microfabricated platelet samples in different dimensions with regard to the $c$-axis direction of the crystal. The CSL formation was confirmed by the discrete MR changes, reflecting the number of chiral solitons, as well as by the presence of surface barrier, recognized as a fixed ratio of critical magnetic fields during the hysteresis field cycle. We also argue the influence of the surface barrier in the bulk CrTa$_{3}$S$_{6}$ crystals.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Energy Minimizing Configurations for Single-Director Cosserat Shells
Creators: name: Healey, Timothy J.
name: Nair, Gokul G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74B20, 35D99, 49K20

description: We consider a class of single-director Cosserat shell models accounting for both curvature and finite mid-plane strains. We assume a polyconvexity condition for the stored-energy function that reduces to a physically correct membrane model in the absence of bending. With appropriate growth conditions, we establish the existence of energy minimizers. The local orientation of a minimizing configuration is maintained via the blowup of the stored energy as a version of the local volume ratio approaches zero. Finally, we specialize our results to three constrained versions of the theory commonly employed in the subject.
description: 10 pages
Force distribution in a semiflexible loop
Creators: name: Waters, James T.
name: Kim, Harold D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Loops undergoing thermal fluctuations are prevalent in nature. Ring-like or cross-linked polymers, cyclic macromolecules, and protein-mediated DNA loops all belong to this category. Stability of these molecules are generally described in terms of free energy, an average quantity, but it may also be impacted by local fluctuating forces acting within these systems. The full distribution of these forces can thus give us insights into mechanochemistry beyond the predictive capability of thermodynamics. In this paper, we study the force exerted by an inextensible semiflexible polymer constrained in a looped state. By using a novel simulation method termed "phase-space sampling", we generate the equilibrium distribution of chain conformations in both position and momentum space. We compute the constraint forces between the two ends of the loop in this chain ensemble using Lagrangian mechanics, and show that the mean of these forces is equal to the thermodynamic force. By analyzing kinetic and potential contributions to the forces, we find that the mean force acts in the direction of increasing extension not because of bending stress, but in spite of it. Furthermore, we obtain a distribution of constraint forces as a function of chain length, extension, and stiffness. Notably, increasing contour length decreases the average force, but the additional freedom allows fluctuations in the constraint force to increase. The force distribution is asymmetric and falls off less sharply than a Gaussian distribution. Our work exemplifies a system where large-amplitude fluctuations occur in a way unforeseen by a purely thermodynamic framework, and offers novel computational tools useful for efficient, unbiased simulation of a constrained system.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
title: Duplikatur der distalen Ulna nach distaler Unterarmfraktur
Creators: name: Oezel, Lisa
name: Gehrmann, Sebastian
name: Windolf, Joachim
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Duplikatur Ulna
subject: distale Unterarmfraktur
subject: periostale Neoformation
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: Distale Unterarmfrakturen sind häufige Verletzungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter, die meist folgenlos ausheilen. Wachstumszonennahe Frakturen können jedoch zu Wachstumsstörungen durch vorzeitigen Epiphysenfugenverschluß oder Fehlstellungen führen. Periostale Aushülsungen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 57. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Handchirurgie
Eta and kaon production in a chiral quark model
Creators: name: Golli, Bojan
name: Širca, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a coupled-channel formalism incorporating quasi-bound quark-model states to calculate pion scattering into eta N, K Lambda and K Sigma channels, as well eta p, eta n, K+Lambda, and K0Sigma+ photo-production processes. The meson-baryon and photon-baryon vertices are determined in a SU(3) version of the Cloudy Bag Model. Our model predicts sizable amplitudes in the P11, P13, P33 and S11 partial waves in agreement with the latest MAID isobar model and the recent partial-wave analyses of the Bonn-Gatchina group. We are able to give a quark-model explanation for the apparent resonance at 1685 MeV in the eta n channel.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, to appear in EPJ A
Non-linear Diffusive Shock Acceleration of Cosmic Rays -- Quasi-thermal and Non-thermal Particle Distributions
Creators: name: Arbutina, Bojan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) of particles at collisionless shocks is the major accepted paradigm about the origin of cosmic rays (CRs). As a theory it was developed during the late 1970s in the so-called test-particle case. If one considers the influence of CR particles at shock structure, then we are talking about non-linear DSA. We use semi-analytical Blasi's model of non-linear DSA to obtain non-thermal spectra of both protons and electrons, starting from their quasi-thermal spectra for which we assumed the $κ$-distribution, a commonly observed distribution in out-of-equilibrium space plasmas. We treated more carefully than in previous work the jump conditions at the subshock and included electron heating, resonant and, additionally, non-resonant magnetic field instabilities produced by CRs in the precursor. Also, corrections for escaping flux of protons and synchrotron losses of electrons have been made.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, accepted in the European Physical Journal Plus