cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOESM1 of Prevalence and associated factors of zinc deficiency among pregnant women and children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Kidanemaryam Berhe
name: Freweini Gebrearegay
name: Hadush Gebremariam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Format for extraction of data for systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and associated factors of zinc deficiency among pregnant women and children in Ethiopia, 2019.
A Search for Nitrogen Enriched Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Early Data Release
Creators: name: Bentz, Misty C.
name: Osmer, Patrick S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for nitrogen-rich quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Early Data Release (SDSS EDR) catalog has yielded 16 candidates, including five with very prominent emission, but no cases with nitrogen emission as strong as in Q0353-383. The quasar Q0353-383 has long been known to have extremely strong nitrogen intercombination lines at lambda 1486 and lambda 1750 Angstroms, implying an anomalously high nitrogen abundance of about 15 times solar. It is still the only one of its kind known. A preliminary search through the EDR using the observed property of the weak C IV emission seen in Q0353-383 resulted in a sample of 23 objects with unusual emission or absorption-line properties, including one very luminous redshift 2.5 star-forming galaxy. We present descriptions, preliminary emission-line measurements, and spectra for all the objects discussed here.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, submitted to AJ; final refereed version
Ambient temperature and pesticide poisoning: a time-series analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Junhui
name: Wang, Honglin
name: Luan, Guijie
name: Zhang, Dongfeng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Virology

description: Limited studies have explored the association between ambient temperature and the disease burden of pesticide poisoning. Our study aims to estimate associations between daily mean temperature and pesticide poisoning incidence with lag effect. A distributed lag nonlinear model with Poisson distribution was used to examine the nonlinear lagged effects of ambient temperature on pesticide poisoning incidence. Overall, the estimated effects of temperature on pesticide poisoning incidence were non-linear, with higher relative risks (RRs) at hotter temperatures. It was found that the high temperature had acute and short-term effects and then declined rapidly along the lag days with the maximum risk occurring 0 day of exposure. Considering the 5-day cumulative RR for daily mean temperature, the temperature generally showed a positive association with the pesticide poisoning incidence, achieving the maximum risk at 31°C. In general, pesticide poisoning incidence increased with higher temperatures, with the strongest effects occurring shortly.
title: Counterfeit Quality and Verification in a Monetary Exchange
Creators: name: Fung, Ben S. C.
name: Shao, Enchuan
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2011

description: Recent studies on counterfeiting in a monetary search framework show that counterfeiting does not occur in a monetary equilibrium. These findings are inconsistent with the observation that counterfeiting of bank notes has been a serious problem in some countries. In this paper, we show that counterfeiting can exist as an equilibrium outcome in a model in which money is not perfectly recognizable and thus can be counterfeited. A competitive search environment is employed in which sellers post offers and buyers direct their search based on posted offers. When sellers are uninformed about the quality of the money, their offers are pooling and thus buyers can extract rents by using counterfeit money. In this case, counterfeit notes can coexist with genuine notes under certain conditions. We also explicitly model the interaction between sellers' verification decisions and counterfeiters' choices of counterfeit quality. This allows us to better understand how policies can affect counterfeiting.
description: De récentes études réalisées à partir d'un cadre monétaire de prospection montrent que la contrefaçon de billets n'existe pas en situation d'équilibre monétaire. Cette conclusion va à l'encontre de ce qui s'observe dans certains pays où la contrefaçon a été un problème de taille. Les auteurs montrent que le faux-monnayage peut faire partie de l'équilibre d'un modèle à l'intérieur duquel les billets, faute d'être parfaitement identifiables, risquent d'être contrefaits. Le modèle utilisé s'appuie sur un cadre de prospection concurrentielle dans lequel les vendeurs publient des offres qui aiguillent les acheteurs. Quand les vendeurs ne connaissent pas la qualité des billets, ils ne différencient pas leur offre selon les acheteurs, ce qui permet à ces derniers de tirer un bénéfice de l'emploi de faux billets. Dans ce cas de figure, la coexistence des billets contrefaits et des billets authentiques est possible à certaines conditions. Les auteurs formalisent par ailleurs en détail la relation entre la décision des vendeurs de vérifier l'authenticité des billets et le choix de la qualité des contrefaçons opéré par les faussaires. Cette démarche permet de mieux comprendre comment les politiques parviennent à influer sur la contrefaçon.
Integration of the atmospheric fluctuations in a dual-field optical interferometer: the short exposure regime
Creators: name: Daigne, Gerard
name: Lestrade, Jean-Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial phase-referencing in dual-field optical interferometry is reconsidered. Our analysis is based on the 2-sample variance of the differential phase between target and reference star. We show that averaging over time of the atmospheric effects depends on this 2-sample phase variance (Allan variance) rather than on the true variance. The proper expression for fringe smearing beyond the isoplanatic angle is derived. With simulations of atmospheric effects, based on a Paranal turbulence model, we show how the performances of a dual-field optical interferometer can be evaluated in a diagram 'separation angle' versus 'magnitude of faint object'. In this diagram, a domain with short exposure is found to be most useful for interferometry, with about the same magnitude limits in the H and K bands. With star counts from a Galaxy model, we evaluate the sky coverage for differential astrometry and detection of exoplanets, i.e. likelihood of faint reference stars in the vicinity of a bright target. With the 2mass survey, we evaluate sky coverage for phase-referencing, i.e. avaibility of a bright enough star for main delay tracking in the vicinity of any target direction.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Study of pinning at 3D-2D phase transition in vortex matter of strongly anisotropic high-temperature superconductors of BiPbSrCaCuO system
Creators: name: Ashimov, S. M.
name: Chigvinadze, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sharp increase of pinning force was observed at the 3D-2D phase transition in strongly anisotropic high temperature superconductors of the BiPbSrCaCuO system.
description: 5 pages
Color Confinement and Supersymmetric Properties of Hadron Physics from Light-Front Holography
Creators: name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review applications of superconformal algebra. light-front holography, and an extended form of conformal symmetry to hadron spectroscopy and dynamics. QCD is not supersymmetrical in the traditional sense -- the QCD Lagrangian is based on quark and gluonic fields -- not squarks nor gluinos. However, its hadronic eigensolutions conform to a representation of superconformal algebra. and provide a unified Regge spectroscopy of meson, baryon, and tetraquarks with a universal Regge slope. The pion $q \bar q$ eigenstate is composite but yet has zero mass for $m_q=0.$ Light-Front Holography also predicts the form of the nonperturbative QCD running coupling in agreement with the effective charge determined from measurements of the Bjorken sum rule. One also obtains viable predictions for hadron dynamics such as spacelike and timelike hadronic form factors, structure functions, distribution amplitudes, and transverse momentum distributions. The combined approach of light-front holography and superconformal algebra also provides insight into the origin of the QCD mass scale and color confinement. A key tool is the dAFF principle which shows how a mass scale can appear in the Hamiltonian and the equations of motion while retaining the conformal symmetry of the action. When one applies the dAFF procedure to chiral QCD, a mass scale $κ$ appears which determines the hadron masses in the absence of the Higgs coupling. The result is an extended conformal symmetry which has a conformally invariant action even though an underlying mass scale appears in the Hamiltonian. Although conformal symmetry is strongly broken by the heavy quark mass, the supersymmetric mechanism, which transforms mesons to baryons (and baryons to tetraquarks), still holds and gives remarkable mass degeneracies across the spectrum of light, heavy-light and double-heavy hadrons.
description: Invited talk presented at Light Cone 2019 - QCD on the light cone: from hadrons to heavy ions - LC2019. 16-20 September 2019. Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France. To be published in the conference proceedings. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1802.08552
title: Private Information Flow and Price Discovery in the U.S. Treasury Market
Creators: name: Jiang, George J.
name: Lo, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2011

description: Existing studies show that U.S. Treasury bond price changes are mainly driven by public information shocks, as manifested in macroeconomic news announcements and events. The literature also shows that heterogeneous private information contributes significantly to price discovery for U.S. Treasury securities. In this paper, we use high frequency transaction data for 2-, 5-, and 10-year Treasury notes and employ a Markov switching model to identify intraday private information flow in the U.S. Treasury market. We show that the probability of private information flow (PPIF) identified in our model effectively captures permanent price effects in U.S. Treasury securities. In addition, our results show that public information shocks and heterogeneous private information are the main factors of bond price discovery on announcement days, whereas private information and liquidity shocks play more important roles in bond price variation on non-announcement days. Most interestingly, our results show that the role of heterogeneous private information is more prominent when public information shocks are either high or low. Furthermore, we show that heterogeneous private information flow is followed by low trading volume, low total market depth and hidden depth. The pattern is more pronounced on non-announcement days.
description: Les études réalisées à ce jour montrent que les prix des obligations du Trésor américain réagissent surtout aux chocs d'information publique, tels les nouvelles et événements macroéconomiques. La littérature indique aussi que les flux d'information privée hétérogène jouent un rôle appréciable dans l'établissement des prix de ces titres. À l'aide de données de haute fréquence concernant les opérations sur obligations du Trésor à deux ans, à cinq ans et à dix ans, les auteurs estiment un modèle markovien à changement de régime pour isoler les flux intrajournaliers d'information privée sur le marché de ces obligations. Ils démontrent que l'estimation que donne leur modèle de la probabilité de tels flux permet de prédire efficacement les variations persistantes des prix. En outre, leurs résultats révèlent que les jours où des données macroéconomiques sont publiées, les chocs d'information publique et les flux d'information privée hétérogène sont à l'origine de l'essentiel des variations des prix des obligations, alors que les autres jours, ce sont les chocs d'information privée et de liquidité qui expliquent les variations des prix. Fait intéressant, l'information privée hétérogène se répercute davantage sur les prix quand les chocs d'information publique sont importants de même que lorsqu'ils sont négligeables. En outre, l'arrivée de flux d'information privée hétérogène est suivie d'une baisse de l'activité, de la profondeur totale et de la profondeur cachée du marché. Ce phénomène est plus marqué les jours où il n'y a aucune nouvelle macroéconomique.
R Parity Violating Decays of the Gluino
Creators: name: Clavelli, L.
name: Stremnitzer, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming the lightest supersymmetric particle is the gluino, we treat the decays gluino->quark-antiquark-neutrino and gluino->gluon-neutrino. Such couplings can be induced by the R parity violating quark-squark-lepton interaction which can also be responsible for neutrino masses and mixings. These R parity violating gluino decays have the same final state structure (jets plus missing energy) as previously considered decays into quark-antiquark-photino and gluon-gravitino but with significantly different gluino lifetimes.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, published version plus new reference
A MAIL/TELEPHONE TECHNIQUE FOR COLLECTING PRIMARY DATA
Creators: name: Smith, Richard W.
name: Conrad, Jon M.
name: Storey, David A.
name: Smith, Richard W.
name: Conrad, Jon M.
name: Storey, David A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: A mail/telephone technique is discussed which achieved a 79 percent response rate at a cost per usable survey which was only about 50 percent above the general average costs for using mailed questionnaires. With proper follow-up techniques this method is capable of yielding even higher response rates at a cost far below personal, face-to-face interviews.
title: FRAME’s (Forecasting and Assessing Europe’s Strategic Raw Materials Needs) innovative research in mineral raw materials on the eve of the EU’s “Green Deal”
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Daniel P. S.
name: Ferreira, Maria João
name: Sadeghi , Martiya
name: Arvanitidis, Nikolaos
name: Guillaume, Bertrand
name: Decrée, Sophie
name: Gautneb, Håvard
name: Gloaguen, Eric
name: Törmänen , Tuomo
name: Reginiussen , Helge
name: Sievers , Hendrike
name: Quental , Lídia
name: Wittenberg , Antje
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2020

description: (1) Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (LNEG), Portugal; (2) Geological Survey of Sweden, Box 670, SE-751 28 Uppsala, Sweden; (3) BRGM/ French Geological Survey, 3 avenue Claude Guillemin, BP 36009, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2 France; (4) Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Rue Vautier 29, 1000 Bruxelles; 5Geological Survey of Norway, Postal Box 6315 Torgarden, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway; (6) Geological Survey of Finland, Lähteentie 2, P.O. Box 77, FI-96101, Rovaniemi, Finland; (7)Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Geozentrum Hannover, Stilleweg 2, D-30655 Hannover, Germany

 The EU’s Green Deal policy recognises that Europe needs a new growth strategy that transforms the Union into a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy where 1- there are no net emissions of greenhouse gases by 2050 and 2-economic growth is coupled to efficient use of resources.
Excitations of anisotropic spin-1 chains with matrix product ground state
Creators: name: Bartel, E.
name: Schadschneider, A.
name: Zittartz, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a large class of antiferromagnetic spin-1 chains with nearest neighbour interaction and exactly known matrix product ground state. The spectrum of low-lying excitations is calculated numerically by DMRG and exact diagonalisation. Spin liquid behaviour with an excitation gap is observed meeting the Haldane scenario. Further, we compare properties of the anisotropic model with the well-known isotropic AKLT model and use the analytical single mode approximation to obtain a quantitative understanding of the excitation gap. The low-lying excited states can be interpreted in terms of a magnon-like elementary excitation.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. B, uses svjour.cls
title: “Are You Suffering?”: Reading David Foster Wallace’s democratic literature through the vocabularies of Richard Rorty
Creators: name: Aguilar Vazquez, Antonio
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: David Foster Wallace, Richard Rorty, American pragmatism. postmodernism, American literature, Infinite Jest, The Pale King, Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity, Philosophy and the, Mirror of Nature , Signifying Rappers.

description: This dissertation aims to prove the existence of a democratic dimension in the oeuvre of the American writer David Foster Wallace. To do so, the thesis focuses on four of his works, with a chapter devoted to each. These texts are, in order of how they appear by chapter, the short story ‘Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature’ (2004), the novel Infinite Jest (1996), the nonfiction text is Signifying Rappers (1990), and the posthumous and unfinished novel The Pale King (2011). The theoretical framework created to elucidate this democratic dimension is based on the philosophical work of the American Pragmatist Richard Rorty. Particular use is made of his concepts of Private and Public vocabularies, as developed in the books Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature, (1979) Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity, (1989) and Achieving Our Country (1997). By demonstrating the democratic capacity of Wallace's literature, I also aim to show the civic capacities and intent of his texts. By this, I mean that Wallace’s texts aim to represent a democratic and civic belief to the reader and, at the same time, the texts themselves are attempts of civic participation aimed to influence the democratic conversation of the United States.
Emergent metric and geodesic analysis in cosmological solutions of (torsion-free) Polynomial Affine Gravity
Creators: name: Castillo-Felisola, Oscar
name: Perdiguero, Jose
name: Orellana, Oscar
name: Zerwekh, Alfonso R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from an affinely connected space, we consider a model of gravity whose fundamental field is the connection. We build up the action using as sole premise the invariance under diffeomorphisms, and study the consequences of a cosmological ansatz for the affine connection in the torsion-free sector. Although the model is built without requiring a metric, we show that the nondegenerated Ricci curvature of the affine connection can be interpreted as an \emph{emergent} metric on the manifold. We show that there exists a parametrization in which the \((r,φ)\)-restriction of the geodesics coincides with that of the Friedman--Robertson--Walker model. Additionally, for connections with nondegenerated Ricci we are able to distinguish between space-, time- and null-like self-parallel curves, providing a way to differentiate \emph{trajectories} of massive and massless particles.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures. Comments are welcome
A SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF WESTERN NEW YORK CORN PRICES
Creators: name: Riggins, Steven K.
name: Riggins, Steven K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis

description: This paper develops the methodology used to investigate the pricing efficiency of farm level corn prices in a minor surplus production area (Western New York) located Within a much larger regionally deficit, producing area. The results Indicate that from January 1975-June 1976, farm level corn prices in Western New York were not competitively efficient. However, Western New York corn prices were competitively efficient after mid June 1976. A conclusion is that Western New York corn prices became competitively efficient after two new relatively large buyers located in the area.
Abstract of: Revolving entrance doors - Machines or structural elements?
Creators: name: Haese, Andreas
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Revolving entrance doors - usually built as some kind of all glass structure - are part of many publicly accessible buildings. As the architectural demands rise regarding transparency and slenderness of façade members, the entrance doors have to and do go along with these demands. But even if the façade is designed carefully and verified according all relevant standards, the revolving doors are usually considered as a machine, coming with some certificate. This point of view is mostly shared by the manufacturer and the basis for the call for proposals. The certificates provided by the door manufacturer considers the electrical safety, the safety aspects for people handling and using the doors regarding the risk of persons being jammed or hit by the turning door leaves, but not the structural safety of the door system in means of resistance to live, dead, wind or earthquake loads. If we look at the design and verification effort made for standard façade elements, even windows on the one hand, and the different failure consequences for windows and revolving doors on the other hand, it becomes obvious that especially to non-standard and large-scale doors should be paid some attention regarding its structural safety. Below the legal situation of revolving doors is considered in the European context and two quite different examples of revolving doors are discussed regarding their structural assessment.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6 (2018): Challenging Glass 6
title: The Private Equity Premium Puzzle Revisited
Creators: name: Kartashova, Katya
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2011

description: In this paper, I extend the results of Moskowitz and Vissing-Jørgensen (2002) on the returns to entrepreneurial investments in the United States. First, following the authors’ methodology I replicate the original findings from the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) for the period 1989–1998 and show that the returns to private and public equity are similar. I then extend the period under consideration using data from subsequently released waves of SCF 2001, 2004, and 2007 and assess the robustness of their results to this extension. I find that the “private equity premium puzzle” is not a robust feature of the data and does not survive beyond the period of high public equity returns in the 1990s. In particular, returns to entrepreneurial equity remain largely unaffected when public equity returns plunge to near zero values between 1999 and 2001. The average return to private equity exceeds public equity return in 1999-2007 and for the period 1989-2007 as a whole. To validate the results, I provide alternative measures of private equity returns in the data.
description: L’auteure applique à une plus longue période la méthode qu’utilisent Moskowitz et Vissing-Jørgensen (2002) pour calculer le rendement des investissements des entrepreneurs américains. En premier lieu, en suivant la même approche qu’eux, elle reproduit les résultats initiaux obtenus à partir de l’enquête sur les finances des consommateurs pour les années 1989 à 1998 et montre que les entreprises à capitaux privés et les sociétés cotées en bourse offraient alors des rendements similaires. L’auteure prolonge ensuite la période étudiée en exploitant les données publiées des éditions 2001, 2004 et 2007 de l’enquête, puis évalue si les résultats de Moskowitz et Vissing-Jørgensen tiennent toujours. L’énigme que posait la trop faible prime de risque sur les capitaux privés ne constitue plus un trait caractéristique des données une fois disparus les forts rendements boursiers des années 1990. En particulier, les rendements des capitaux des entrepreneurs restent largement inchangés lorsque les rendements en bourse dégringolent pour devenir quasi nuls entre 1999 et 2001. Le rendement moyen des capitaux privés dépasse celui des placements boursiers de 1999 à 2007 et durant toute la période 1989- 2007. Pour valider les résultats, l’auteure fournit d’autres mesures statistiques des rendements produits par les capitaux privés.
Saprolochus Stebnicka and Galante
Creators: name: Skelley, Paul E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Aphodiidae
Saprolochus

description: Key to species of Saprolochus Stebnicka and Galante
 1. Pronotum with lateral margin distinct and explanate posteriorly, lobe-like (Fig. 9)...........................................................................................................................................  S. lobatus, n. sp.
 — Pronotum with lateral margin reduced posteriorly, emarginate with small teeth..................... 2
 2(1). Lateral pronotal margin with 2 lateral and one basal denticle (Fig. 10)..  S. tridentatus, n. sp.
 — Lateral pronotal margin with 1-2 denticles (Fig. 11)................................................................... 3
 3(2). Length 2.3-2.4 mm; lateral pronotal margin with tooth anterior to basal emargination in addition to basal tooth (Fig. 11); elytral striae not increasingly wider and deeper toward sides............. ................................................................................ S. tambopatae Stebnicka and Galante
 — Length 3.5-4.0 mm; lateral pronotal margin evenly rounded to basal tooth; elytral striae increasingly wider and deeper toward sides................................  S. bolivarensis Stebnicka and Galante
description: Published as part of Skelley, Paul E., 2007, New South American taxa of Odontolochini Stebnicka and Howden (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae), pp. 1-15 in Insecta Mundi 2007 (22) on page 5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5172488
ALTERNATIVE REPRESENTATIONS OF DUMMY VARIABLES AND THEIR INTERPRETATIONS
Creators: name: Kuehn, John P.
name: Hamer, E. James
name: Kuehn, John P.
name: Hamer, E. James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The objective of the paper was to bring together some of the preexisting theoretical treatments ~f dummy variables in regression analysis and to present them in such a way as they could be more effectively used and interpreted. This Will enable researchers to select the particular representation that best suits their hypotheses. Four alternatives were exhibited for both a one-way analysis of variance and a one-way analysis of variance with a covariate. The predicting equations were presented in the text of the paper along with numerical examples and their interpretations. The derivations of the predicting equations and variable definitions were presented in the Appendix.
Entropy Production at RHIC
Creators: name: Pal, Subrata
name: Pratt, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For central heavy ion collisions at the RHIC energy, the entropy per unit rapidity dS/dy at freeze-out is extracted with minimal model dependence from available experimental measurements of particle yields, spectra, and source sizes estimated from two-particle interferometry. The extracted entropy rapidity density is consistent with lattice gauge theory results for a thermalized quark-gluon plasma with an energy density estimated from transverse energy production at RHIC.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, Revtex, version to appear in PLB
Saprolochus tambopatae Stebnicka and Galante 2007
Creators: name: Skelley, Paul E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Aphodiidae
Saprolochus
Saprolochus tambopatae

description: Saprolochus tambopatae Stebnicka and Galante 2007   (Figure 11)
 Diagnosis. A smaller Saprolochus species with a single mid-lateral tooth on the pronotal margin.
 Comments. Described from 5 specimens, from Peru (Madre do Dios, Tambopata) and Bolivia (Cochabamba, 67.5 km NE. Ext. Biol. Valle del Sajita, Univ. de San Simon). One additional specimen from the Bolivian locality has been studied, with the following new data: 9-13 FEB 1999, F. Genier, BOL1G99 069, ex. flight intercept trap / [barcode] SM0173 178, KUNHM-ENT [1- SEMC].
description: Published as part of Skelley, Paul E., 2007, New South American taxa of Odontolochini Stebnicka and Howden (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae), pp. 1-15 in Insecta Mundi 2007 (22) on page 7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5172488
CAUSES OF LOW RETURNS TO FARM LABOR IN THE U.S.: AN ANALYSIS OF FACTOR MARKET INTERACTIONS
Creators: name: Mason, Bert
name: Mason, Bert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital
Productivity Analysis
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Despite massive off-farm migration and relatively prosperous agricultural years, estimates of returns to factors of production indicate that labor earnings in agriculture remain low. This is primarily caused by farm factor market characteristics and the resulting tendency of any increase in farm income to be capitalized into land values.
The Urban Grocery Store Gap
Creators: name: Cotterill, Ronald
name: Franklin, Andrew
name: Cotterill, Ronald
name: Franklin, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: supermarkets
subject: low-income

description: In many of America's largest cities urban residents do not have supermarkets near their homes. This problem has been well documented in a few of the nation's largest cities. To date, however, there has been no attempt to present a national evaluation of the absence of supermarkets in many urban neighborhoods. This study uses zip code level demographic information from the 1990 Population Census and a complete census of all supermarkets in twenty-one of the nation's largest metropolitan statistical areas. Information on individual supermarkets, including square feet of selling space is classified into individual zip code areas. This allows one to measure the relationship between retail services per capita and demographic variables such as income per capita and percent of households receiving public assistance. Since we have zip codes for each of the twenty-one large metropolitan areas, included in this sample, we also can examine relationships between demographic variables and urban grocery store services on a city by city basis. This exercise reveals startling differences in the size of the urban grocery store gap in different U.S. cities. Some cities have actually solved the distribution problem while others face extremely serious distribution problems. Given the recent cuts at the Federal level in food programs and the clear-cut need to improve the efficiency of distribution of federal food program dollars, the focus on the ability of the supermarket food distribution system to deliver food in an efficient, i.e., reasonably priced fashion, to low-income urban neighborhoods is extremely timely.
title: Money and Costly Credit
Creators: name: Dong, Mei
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2011

description: I study an economy in which money and credit coexist as means of payment and the settlement of credit requires money. The model extends recent developments in microfounded monetary theory to address the choice of payment methods and the effects of inflation. Whether a buyer uses money or credit depends on the fixed cost of credit and the inflation rate. In particular, inflation not only makes money less valuable, but also makes credit more expensive because of delayed settlement. Based on quantitative analysis, the model suggests that the relationship between inflation and credit exhibits an inverse U-shape which is broadly consistent with anecdotal evidence. Compared to an economy without credit, allowing credit as a means of payment has three implications: [1] it lowers money demand at low to moderate inflation rates; [2] it improves society's welfare when the inflation rate exceeds a specific threshold; and [3] it can raise the welfare cost of inflation for some reasonable values of the credit cost parameter.
description: L'auteure étudie une économie où la monnaie et le crédit coexistent comme moyens de paiement et où le remboursement du crédit requiert de la monnaie. Son modèle tire parti, en les prolongeant, des progrès récents réalisés dans l'élaboration des fondements microéconomiques de la théorie monétaire pour analyser le choix de la méthode de paiement et les effets de l'inflation. La méthode retenue pour le règlement des achats dépend du coût fixe du crédit et du taux d'inflation. En particulier, l'inflation non seulement érode la valeur de la monnaie, mais elle renchérit le crédit du fait que celui-ci est remboursé avec un délai. Les résultats de la résolution numérique du modèle indiquent que la relation entre l'inflation et le crédit a la forme d'une bosse, ce qui cadre dans l'ensemble avec les observations. Par rapport à une économie sans crédit, l'inclusion du crédit parmi les modes de paiement a trois conséquences : 1) elle entraîne un recul de la demande de monnaie quand l'inflation est faible ou modérée; 2) elle a pour effet d'améliorer le bien-être de la société lorsque l'inflation dépasse un seuil déterminé; 3) elle peut accroître le coût de l'inflation sur le plan du bien-être pour certaines valeurs raisonnables du paramètre relatif au coût du crédit.
Abstract of: Sensitivity analysis for the determination of the interlayer shear modulus in laminated glass using a torsional test
Creators: name: Botz, Martin
name: Kraus, Michael A.
name: Siebert, Geralt
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Polymeric interlayers used in laminated glass show viscoelastic material behaviour. Therefore, the precise design of laminated glass structures is dependent on temperature and the load duration. For the determination of the abovementioned material behaviour of the interlayers different small and big scale test setups exist. One of these tests is the torsional test in which the shear modulus of the interlayer can be calculated from measured data during a relaxation test. In this test, a laminated glass plate is conditioned at a certain temperature of interest and then isothermally twisted to a specific angle, thereby the resulting torsional moment at the support is measured over a time span. With this data, it is possible to calculate the corresponding shear modulus of the interlayer. There are a lot of parameters and boundary conditions with potential influence on the test and the results (e.g. accuracy of the thickness of the glass plates and interlayer, accuracy of the twist-angle, clamping of the laminated glass). Based on already conducted torsional tests at the ‘University of German Armed Forces Munich’ a Finite Element Model was implemented. In a sensitivity analysis (Finite-Element-Analysis using ANSYS® V17.2) the influences and the interdependencies of the parameters and boundary conditions of the test setup were determined. The results of the analyses can be used to get an understanding of the significance of the measured and calculated values for the shear modulus of the interlayer using a torsional test. Furthermore, the results can help to optimize the torsional test. Moreover, the torsional test results were compared to small scale test results from a Dynamical Mechanical Thermal Analysis, which exposes small scale test specimen to a steady state oscillation at different frequencies and temperatures.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6 (2018): Challenging Glass 6
title: Belief Dispersion and Order Submission Strategies in the Foreign Exchange Market
Creators: name: Lo, Ingrid
name: Sapp, Stephen
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2011

description: This paper empirically examines how dispersions across investors beliefs influence traders order submission decisions in the foreign exchange market. Previous research has found that dispersion in traders beliefs regarding future macroeconomic announcements has a significant impact on both price dynamics and trading volume before the announcements in the foreign exchange and other financial markets. However, little is known about how this dispersion impacts traders choice in submitting different types of orders and thus to supply and demand liquidity either before or after such announcements. Since the types of orders submitted by traders at these times are the building blocks of the observed price and trading dynamics, it is important to understand how differences in investors' information sets before and after important macroeconomic announcements affect their order submission decisions. We find that (i) belief dispersion affects the size and aggressiveness of orders both before and after macroeconomic announcements, (ii) the magnitude of the impact of factors known to affect order choice depends on the level of belief dispersion, and (iii) the influence of information shocks (the revelation of unexpected information) on order choices depends on the level of belief dispersion.
description: Les auteurs examinent empiriquement comment la dispersion des croyances des investisseurs influence le choix des ordres que ceux-ci passent sur le marché des changes. D'après les travaux antérieurs, la dispersion des attentes quant aux nouvelles macroéconomiques à venir a une nette incidence sur la dynamique des prix et le volume des transactions sur le marché des changes et les autres marchés financiers à l'approche de l'annonce de données macroéconomiques. Cependant, on ignore presque tout des effets que peut avoir cette dispersion sur le choix du type d'ordre et donc sur l'offre et la demande de liquidité avant et après de telles annonces. Comme la nature des ordres passés à ces moments-là explique une large part de la dynamique observée des prix et des transactions, il importe de saisir comment l'hétérogénéité des informations dont disposent les investisseurs avant et après la publication de nouvelles macroéconomiques majeures influe sur leurs décisions. Les auteurs concluent que : 1) la dispersion des croyances a une incidence sur la taille et la compétitivité des ordres tant avant qu'après les annonces d'ordre macroéconomique; 2) l'ampleur de l'effet des facteurs qui ont une action avérée sur le choix des ordres est fonction du degré de dispersion des croyances; 3) l'influence des chocs d'information (la révélation de renseignements inattendus) sur le choix des ordres dépend elle aussi du degré de dispersion des croyances.
Abstract of: Investigations on the Thermorheologically Complex Material Behaviour of the Laminated Safety Glass Interlayer Ethylene-Vinyl-Acetate
Creators: name: Schuster, Miriam
name: Kraus, Michael
name: Schneider, Jens
name: Siebert, Geralt
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Laminated safety glass has become an indispensable component in building construction, automotive and solar industry. It consists of at least two glass panes, that are laminated together with a polymeric interlayer. Mechanically speaking, the polymeric interlayer enables a shear transfer between the two glass panes. Here, the difficulty lies in the understanding of the real shear transmission. On the one hand, polymeric interlayers show a time dependent material behaviour, which can be described with a ‘Prony-series’ in the linear viscoelastic area. On the other hand, polymeric interlayers show a temperature dependent material behaviour. Hence, a Prony-series is only valid for one specific temperature. However, since relaxation is based on molecular movements and rearrangement processes, which can be thermally activated, an increase in temperature leads to an acceleration of the relaxation process. The time-temperature correlation can be taken into account by means of a ‘Time-Temperature-Superposition-Principle’ (TTSP). The relaxation curve of a thermorheologically simple material shifts solely horizontal along the time axis due to temperature changes, while its shape remains constant. Mathematically, this means, that all relaxation times of the Prony-series are multiplied by the same shift factor aT. Recent research of the authors shows, that some polymeric interlayers don’t follow a simple TTSP. The experimental identification through ‘Dynamical-Mechanical-Thermal-Analysis’ as well as ‘Differential Scanning Caliometry’ and numerical incorporation of this thermorheologically complex material behaviour into state-of-the-art Finite-Element-Software will be investigated on the example of ‘Ethylene-vinyl acetate’ in the following paper.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6 (2018): Challenging Glass 6
The Dairy Industry: A Connecticut Perspective
Creators: name: Cotterill, Ronald
name: Cotterill, Ronald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Dairy
subject: Connecticut
subject: farms
subject: milk

description: Dairy farming continues to be a major agricultural activity in the state of Connecticut. Although the number of dairy farms in the state has declined over the past decade, aggregate production has remained stable, and Connecticut farms have, on average, higher production than New York or Vermont farms. State and local land, environmental, and business policies influence the profitability of the Connecticut dairy industry however its future depends most critically upon dairy market forces and policies that are regional and national in scope. This paper briefly describes the organization of the Connecticut dairy industry within the context of the New England (Federal Order 1) milk market and the larger national dairy industry. It provides historical trend data for a number of economic variables including the number of dairy farmers in Connecticut, total annual milk production, and the price of milk. A milk price forecast for 1995 is also included. The paper then identifies the factors contributing to reported secular trends. It concludes with a brief discussion of regional and national policy issues that are important for the future economic fortunes of Connecticut dairy producers.
Saprositellus Balthasar 1967
Creators: name: Skelley, Paul E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Aphodiidae
Saprositellus

description: Saprositellus Balthasar 1967
 Diagnosis. In addition to the description and diagnosis of Stebnicka (2003) distinguishing characters are: head coarsely punctate from base nearly to clypeal margin, punctures gradually decreasing in size anteriorly; clypeal surface dulled, except for narrow band immediately behind margin, glossy, weakly granulate or sharply transversely rugose; clypeal margin narrow, with several small denticles each side of median emargination, inner edge of margin with triangular tooth pointing inwardly at middle; abdominal sternites with punctures moderate to coarse; basal fluting small to indistinct; surfaces of sternites 1- 6 with irregularly arranged punctures across surface.
 Comments. Descriptions and key for species of Saprositellus can be found in Stebnicka (2003). A new species and new records are detailed below.
description: Published as part of Skelley, Paul E., 2007, New South American taxa of Odontolochini Stebnicka and Howden (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae), pp. 1-15 in Insecta Mundi 2007 (22) on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5172488
Supplementary Materials of Association of Gut Microbiota during Early Pregnancy with Risk of Incident Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Creators: name: Hu, Ping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biomarkers
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplemantary methods and analysis of Association of Gut Microbiota during Early Pregnancy with Risk of Incident Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.
Simultaneous ASCA and HST/GHRS observations of Cygnus X-2/V1341 Cygni
Creators: name: Vrtilek, S. D.
name: Raymond, J. C.
name: Boroson, B.
name: McCray, R.
name: Smale, A.
name: Kallman, T.
name: Nagase, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from ultraviolet and X-ray observations of the low mass X-ray binary Cygnus X-2. The simultaneous HST/GHRS and ASCA observations took place during the low state of an 82-day cycle. We compare our observations as well as archival IUE and RXTE data with models that predict ultraviolet and optical continuum emission from an X-ray heated disk and a Roche-lobe-filling star. The model predictions are consistent with observed optical, ultraviolet, and X-ray variations over both orbital and long-term periods. The X-ray spectral state, the luminosities implied by fits to the X-ray data, the ultraviolet continuum and line fluxes, and the mass accretion rates obtained from fits to the ultraviolet continuum are consistent with location of our observations on the normal and horizontal branches of the Z-shaped X-ray color-color diagram. A combination of changes to mass accretion rate and obstruction by a warped disk can be invoked as a possible explanation for the motion of the ``Z'' in the color-color plane. The GHRS/G160M measurements concentrated on NV and HeII. The low-resolution (GHRS/G140L) observations captured SiIV, NIV, and CIV. Although the relative line fluxes are consistent with emission from an X-ray heated accretion disk corona, predictions from models of line emission from simple disks do not fit the observed emission line profiles.The radial velocities (80-130 km s$^{-1}$) are consistent with emission from the optical star at the orbital phase (0.70-0.74) of our observations.
description: 35 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for Sept. 2003 issue of PASP