cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Essays on the political economy of equality, development, and influence in Indonesia and Singapore
Creators: name: Peng, Nathan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation consists of three chapters investigating different questions under the themes of politics, inequality, and development. Chapter 1 explores whether aid given to regions with greater political accountability is more effective at fostering development. Proposing a novel way to measure political accountability—the distribution of public infrastructure—I account for contextual factors like topography and initial development levels to examine how equitably roads, schools, and health facilities are distributed in Indonesia. I then test if aid generates more economic growth when provided to regions with more equal infrastructure distributions. I find aid has generally inconsequential effects on subsequent development, but greater public infrastructure inequality is associated with higher, not lower, aid efficacy. Chapter 2 explores a new source of soft power that I call the domestic halo effect, which reflects the perceived developmental success of a given country. Using an online survey experiment in Indonesia, I explore if the domestic success of China and the US increases the desire to emulate their institutional styles. They do. Reminders of China’s economic success enhanced preferences for centralized institutions, while respondents prompted on the US’s cultural achievements leaned most towards decentralization. Causal mediation analysis confirmed that this effect acts independently of previously theorized channels. I also find that whether respondents “like” a foreign power —a ubiquitous measure of soft power— does not correlate with institutional preferences, suggesting that concerns over China’s charm offensive shifting public opinion on foreign policies in their favor are potentially overblown. Chapter 3 then examines why those who qualify for social assistance choose not to take it up. Leveraging a comprehensive dataset in Singapore, I find there are potentially 4.5 times as many elderly households who qualify for help but do not receive it as those who do. In other words, a significant proportion of potentially eligible recipients in Singapore are not receiving aid. Further analysis of Singapore’s social assistance history and potential reasons driving this behavior suggest that past public narratives linger on through perceived social rules even after official positions change, pointing to the efficacy of community- and social network-based solutions in increasing take-up.
A Strongly Coupled Fourth Generation at the LHC
Creators: name: Burdman, Gustavo
name: Da Rold, Leandro
name: Eboli, Oscar
name: Matheus, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study extensions of the standard model with a strongly coupled fourth generation. This occurs in models where electroweak symmetry breaking is triggered by the condensation of at least some of the fourth-generation fermions. With focus on the phenomenology at the LHC, we study the pair production of fourth-generation down quarks, D4. We consider the typical masses that could be associated with a strongly coupled fermion sector, in the range (300--600) GeV. We show that the production and successive decay of these heavy quarks into final states with same-sign dileptons, trileptons and four leptons, can be easily seen above background with relatively low luminosity. On the other hand, in order to confirm the presence of a new strong interaction responsible for fourth-generation condensation, we study its contribution to D4 pair-production, and the potential to separate it from standard QCD-induced heavy quark production. We show that this separation might require large amounts of data. This is true even if it is assumed that the new interaction is mediated by a massive colored vector boson, since its strong coupling to the fourth generation renders its width of the order of its mass. We conclude that, although this class of models can be falsified at early stages of the LHC running, its confirmation would require high integrated luminosities.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
S-ACF: A selective estimator for the autocorrelation function of irregularly sampled time series
Creators: name: Kreutzer, Lars T.
name: Gillen, Edward
name: Briegal, Joshua T.
name: Queloz, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generalised estimator for the autocorrelation function, S-ACF, which is an extended version of the standard estimator of the autocorrelation function (ACF). S-ACF is a versatile definition that can robustly and efficiently extract periodicity and signal shape information from a time series, independent of the time sampling and with minimal assumptions about the underlying process. Calculating the autocorrelation of irregularly sampled time series becomes possible by generalising the lag of the standard estimator of the ACF to a real parameter and introducing the notion of selection and weight functions. We show that the S-ACF reduces to the standard ACF estimator for regularly sampled time series. Using a large number of synthetic time series we demonstrate that the performance of the S-ACF is as good or better than commonly used Gaussian and rectangular kernel estimators, and is comparable to a combination of interpolation and the standard estimator. We apply the S-ACF to astrophysical data by extracting rotation periods for the spotted star KIC 5110407, and compare our results to Gaussian process (GP) regression and Lomb-Scargle (LS) periodograms. We find that the S-ACF periods typically agree better with those from GP regression than from LS periodograms, especially in cases where there is evolution in the signal shape. The S-ACF has a wide range of potential applications and should be useful in quantitative science disciplines where irregularly sampled time series occur. A Python implementation of the S-ACF is available under the MIT license.
O acesso (i)legal à informação científica: o papel dos bibliotecários de Instituições de Ensino Superior
Creators: name: Ferreira, Beatriz Barrocas
name: Borges, Maria Manuel
name: Leitão, Helena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão Comunicação III da 12ª Conferência Luso-Brasileira de Ciência Aberta, formato híbrido, de 13 a 15 de outubro de 2021.
Exclusive diffractive photoproduction of dileptons by timelike Compton scattering
Creators: name: Schäfer, W.
name: Ślipek, G.
name: Szczurek, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the forward photoproduction amplitude for the diffractive $γp \to l^+ l^- p$ reaction in the momentum space. within the formalism of $k_\perp$- factorization. Predictions for the $γp \to l^+ l^- p$ reaction are given using unintegrated gluon distribution from the literature. We calculate the total cross section as a function of photon-proton center of mass energy and the invariant mass distribution of the lepton pair. We also discuss whether the production of timelike virtual photons can be approximated by continuing to the spacelike domain $ q^2 < 0$. The present calculation provides an input for future predictions for exclusive hadroproduction in the $p p \to p l^+ l^- p$ reaction.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Membership Categorization in Action
Creators: name: Reddington, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2013

description: Guys, girls, mothers, sisters, pastors, real estate agents… What roles do these seemingly mundane labels for referring to people play in social interaction? When and why are such categories invoked by participants, how are they oriented to, and what do they accomplish? These are key questions for membership categorization analysis (MCA), which seeks to uncover the “methodical practices” that members use “in describing the world, and displaying their understanding of the world and of the commonsense routine workings of society” (Fitzgerald, Housley, & Butler, 2009, p. 47).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 13 No. 1 (2013)
Computational Eulerian Hydrodynamics and Galilean Invariance
Creators: name: Robertson, Brant E.
name: Kravtsov, Andrey V.
name: Gnedin, Nickolay Y.
name: Abel, Tom
name: Rudd, Douglas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eulerian hydrodynamical simulations are a powerful and popular tool for modeling fluids in astrophysical systems. In this work, we critically examine recent claims that these methods violate Galilean invariance of the Euler equations. We demonstrate that Eulerian hydrodynamics methods do converge to a Galilean-invariant solution, provided a well-defined convergent solution exists. Specifically, we show that numerical diffusion, resulting from diffusion-like terms in the discretized hydrodynamical equations solved by Eulerian methods, accounts for the effects previously identified as evidence for the Galilean non-invariance of these methods. These velocity-dependent diffusive terms lead to different results for different bulk velocities when the spatial resolution of the simulation is kept fixed, but their effect becomes negligible as the resolution of the simulation is increased to obtain a converged solution. In particular, we find that Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities develop properly in realistic Eulerian calculations regardless of the bulk velocity provided the problem is simulated with sufficient resolution (a factor of 2-4 increase compared to the case without bulk flows for realistic velocities). Our results reiterate that high-resolution Eulerian methods can perform well and obtain a convergent solution, even in the presence of highly supersonic bulk flows.
description: Version accepted by MNRAS Oct 2, 2009. Figures degraded. For high-resolution color figures and movies of the numerical simulations, please visit http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~brant/Site/Computational_Eulerian_Hydrodynamics_and_Galilean_Invariance.html
Engagement Features in Russian & English: A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Academic Written Discourse
Creators: name: Khoutyz, Irina
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2013

description: This paper examines discursive features of engagement (Hyland, 2009) demonstrated by native English- and Russian-speaking academics in their research articles. Pronoun choice, formation of directives, references to shared information, and use of rhetorical questions are identified in written academic discourse and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. This research connects the use of interactional features in research-based writing and the communicative practices of the authors. It is argued that academic discursive traditions are molded by the sociocultural environment, which either encourages or discourages a writer to engage in dialogue with the reader.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 13 No. 1 (2013)
How Well Does the Metropolis Algorithm Cope With Local Optima?
Creators: name: Doerr, Benjamin
name: Houssaini, Taha El Ghazi El
name: Rajabi, Amirhossein
name: Witt, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Metropolis algorithm (MA) is a classic stochastic local search heuristic. It avoids getting stuck in local optima by occasionally accepting inferior solutions. To better and in a rigorous manner understand this ability, we conduct a mathematical runtime analysis of the MA on the CLIFF benchmark. Apart from one local optimum, cliff functions are monotonically increasing towards the global optimum. Consequently, to optimize a cliff function, the MA only once needs to accept an inferior solution. Despite seemingly being an ideal benchmark for the MA to profit from its main working principle, our mathematical runtime analysis shows that this hope does not come true. Even with the optimal temperature (the only parameter of the MA), the MA optimizes most cliff functions less efficiently than simple elitist evolutionary algorithms (EAs), which can only leave the local optimum by generating a superior solution possibly far away. This result suggests that our understanding of why the MA is often very successful in practice is not yet complete. Our work also suggests to equip the MA with global mutation operators, an idea supported by our preliminary experiments.
description: To appear in the proceedings of GECCO 2023. With appendix containing all proofs. 28 pages
Readers' Credits for Volume 12, Issue 2
Creators: name: Box, Catherine
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2012

description: Teachers College, Columbia University Working Papers in TESOL & Applied Linguistics would like to thank the following individuals for reviewing the manuscripts for Volume 12, Issue 2 (2012).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 12 No. 2 (2012)
Proton radioactivity within a generalized liquid drop model
Creators: name: Dong, J. M.
name: Zhang, H. F.
name: Royer, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proton radioactivity half-lives of spherical proton emitters are investigated theoretically. The potential barriers preventing the emission of protons are determined in the quasimolecular shape path within a generalized liquid drop model (GLDM) including the proximity effects between nuclei in a neck and the mass and charge asymmetry. The penetrability is calculated with the WKB approximation. The spectroscopic factor has been taken into account in half-life calculation, which is obtained by employing the relativistic mean field (RMF) theory combined with the BCS method with the force NL3. The half-lives within the GLDM are compared with the experimental data and other theoretical values. The GLDM works quite well for spherical proton emitters when the spectroscopic factors are considered, indicating the necessity of introducing the spectroscopic factor and the success of the GLDM for proton emission. Finally, we present two formulas for proton emission half-life calculation similar to the Viola-Seaborg formulas and Royer's formulas of alpha decay.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Identity and Communities of Practice in Foreign Language Learning Contex
Creators: name: Hourdequin, Peter
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2012

description: Throughout the 1990s and the first decade of the new millennium, some second language acquisition (SLA) researchers have begun to conduct research from a perspective on learner development that foregrounds the effects of situational or environmental variables on the learning process. These researchers, according to Swain and Deters (2007), privilege a “participation” metaphor over the more traditional focus on “acquisition.” Important researchers in this tradition (e.g., Lantolf, 1994; Pierce, 1995; Duff & Uchida, 1997; Norton & Toohey, 2001) have drawn upon poststructuralist social theory, as well as Vygotsky's (1978) earlier notions of learning situated in a zone of proximal development, to emphasize the influence of the learner's environment in shaping learning behaviors, and consequently language learning outcomes.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 12 No. 2 (2012)
Like vs. Like: Strategy and Improvements in Supernova Cosmology Systematics
Creators: name: Linder, Eric V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Control of systematic uncertainties in the use of Type Ia supernovae as standardized distance indicators can be achieved through contrasting subsets of observationally-characterized, like supernovae. Essentially, like supernovae at different redshifts reveal the cosmology, and differing supernovae at the same redshift reveal systematics, including evolution not already corrected for by the standardization. Here we examine the strategy for use of empirically defined subsets to minimize the cosmological parameter risk, the quadratic sum of the parameter uncertainty and systematic bias. We investigate the optimal recognition of subsets within the sample and discuss some issues of observational requirements on accurately measuring subset properties. Neglecting like vs. like comparison (i.e. creating only a single Hubble diagram) can cause cosmological constraints on dark energy to be biased by 1σor degraded by a factor 1.6 for a total drift of 0.02 mag. Recognition of subsets at the 0.016 mag level (relative differences) erases bias and reduces the degradation to 2%.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Generating Post-hoc Explanations for Skip-gram-based Node Embeddings by Identifying Important Nodes with Bridgeness
Creators: name: Park, Hogun
name: Neville, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Node representation learning in a network is an important machine learning technique for encoding relational information in a continuous vector space while preserving the inherent properties and structures of the network. Recently, unsupervised node embedding methods such as DeepWalk, LINE, struc2vec, PTE, UserItem2vec, and RWJBG have emerged from the Skip-gram model and perform better performance in several downstream tasks such as node classification and link prediction than the existing relational models. However, providing post-hoc explanations of Skip-gram-based embeddings remains a challenging problem because of the lack of explanation methods and theoretical studies applicable for embeddings. In this paper, we first show that global explanations to the Skip-gram-based embeddings can be found by computing bridgeness under a spectral cluster-aware local perturbation. Moreover, a novel gradient-based explanation method, which we call GRAPH-wGD, is proposed that allows the top-q global explanations about learned graph embedding vectors more efficiently. Experiments show that the ranking of nodes by scores using GRAPH-wGD is highly correlated with true bridgeness scores. We also observe that the top-q node-level explanations selected by GRAPH-wGD have higher importance scores and produce more changes in class label prediction when perturbed, compared with the nodes selected by recent alternatives, using five real-world graphs.
description: Accepted to Neural Networks Journal, 2023
title: Synchronous Roundabouts with Rotating Priority Sectors (SYROPS): High Capacity and Safety for Conventional and Autonomous Vehicles
Creators: name: Ibanez, Guillermo
name: Meuser, Tobias
name: Lopez-Carmona, Miguel A.
name: Lopez-Pajares, Diego
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: Roundabouts are a highway engineering concept meant to reduce congestion and improve safety. However, experience shows that capacity of roundabouts is limited, and safety is not optimal. However, these improvements in capacity and safety should be compatible with both manually-driven and autonomous vehicles. Incorporating existing advanced technologies to the signaling and control of roundabouts will undoubtedly contribute to these improvements but should not restrict this compatibility. We approach roundabouts as synchronous switches of vehicles, and propose a roundabout system (synchronous roundabouts with rotating priorities) based on vehicle platoons arriving at the roundabout at a uniform speed and within the time slot assigned to their entry, avoiding conflicts and stops. The proposed signaling system is visual for human drivers and wireless for connected and autonomous vehicles. We evaluated analytically and with simulations roundabouts of different radii for several values of the average distance between vehicles. Results show that average delays are 28.7% lower, with negligible dispersion. The capacity improvements depend on design parameters, moderate for small roundabouts, but that goes up to 70–100% for short inter vehicular distances and medium and large roundabouts. Simulations with unbalanced traffic maintained the capacity improvement over standard roundabouts.
Nanobeam photonic crystal cavity quantum dot laser
Creators: name: Gong, Yiyang
name: Ellis, Bryan
name: Shambat, Gary
name: Sarmiento, Tomas
name: Harris, James S.
name: Vuckovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lasing behavior of one dimensional GaAs nanobeam cavities with embedded InAs quantum dots is studied at room temperature. Lasing is observed throughout the quantum dot PL spectrum, and the wavelength dependence of the threshold is calculated. We study the cavity lasers under both 780 nm and 980 nm pump, finding thresholds as low as 0.3 uW and 19 uW for the two pump wavelengths, respectively. Finally, the nanobeam cavity laser wavelengths are tuned by up to 7 nm by employing a fiber taper in near proximity to the cavities. The fiber taper is used both to efficiently pump the cavity and collect the cavity emission.
description: 8 pages; 6 figures
Pandemic reproduction : an ethnography of disjunctures and im/mobilities in Sundsvall, Sweden
Creators: name: Marr, Kelsey
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation is an interdisciplinary feminist ethnography about human reproduction during the pandemic for people living in Sundsvall, Sweden. It focuses on the disjunctures, or disconnections, existing between dominate stories about the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden and the lived experiences of people who were pregnant, experienced reproductive traumas, gave birth, or raised children between 2020 and 2022. It is based primarily on ethnographic research consisting of participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and informal conversations in places of work, homes, social gatherings. I conducted fieldwork between 2019 and 2022, primarily between March 2021-March 2022. I also used archival methods, and therefore my research also draws on public health documents. This study shows that during the COVID-19 pandemic (an on-going global crisis), “pandemic reproduction” was entangled in existing socio-political processes. A reproductive mobilities framework is thus critical to understand the ways in which public health measures and healthcare systems shape the circumstances, well-being, and aspirations of people who reproduce during the pandemic. Their reproductive realities are shaped but not subsumed by pandemic responses alone. A feminist lens that attends to the biopolitical stratification of both reproduction and pandemic responses is necessary to shed light on the often-overlooked dimensions of communicational, virtual, temporal, and imaginative mobilities that frame, and are critical to, the lives of people to reproduced during the pandemic. This study contributes to the ethnographies of the COVID-19 pandemic by underscoring the local and personal diversity in the pandemic experiences and circumstance of people living in Sweden. Lastly, this work helps refine feminist anthropology of reproduction by demonstrating the need for critical, theoretical attention to reproductive mobilities, and more broadly, by refusing to reduce pandemic reproduction to a binary discussion of baby booms and busts.
As práticas de ciência aberta dos periódicos científicos correntes da Biblioteca Digital de Periódicos da Universidade Federal do Paraná
Creators: name: Araújo, Paula Carina de
name: Führ, Fabiane
name: Lima, Karolayne Costa Rodrigues de
name: Zulpo, Suzana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão Comunicação III da 12ª Conferência Luso-Brasileira de Ciência Aberta, formato híbrido, de 13 a 15 de outubro de 2021.
Impact of Dictionary Use Skills Instruction on Second Language Writing
Creators: name: Takahashi, Chikako
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2012

description: The dictionary is one of the common learning tools for second and foreign language learners. Various types of dictionaries are used to help learners work on their language development. A bilingual dictionary is often the first dictionary that a foreign language learner encounters. A study conducted on dictionary usage in seven European countries, including over 1,100 learners of English (Atkins & Knowles, 1990), showed that the majority of the language learners (75%) who identified themselves as dictionary users utilized bilingual dictionaries. Another choice for second/foreign language learners is a monolingual dictionary. Several studies (e.g., Atkins & Varantola, 1997; Baxter, 1980) reported that a monolingual dictionary was found to be effective in helping learners find relevant information. Recently gaining popularity among language learners and teachers is the bilingualized dictionary which has features of the learners’ monolingual dictionary and a translation of each entry. A study which investigated the effectiveness of bilingualized dictionaries showed that they were the most effective of the three types (Laufer & Hadar, 1997).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 12 No. 2 (2012)
Nuclear activity in $z<0.3$ QSO 2's mainly triggered by galaxy mergers
Creators: name: Araujo, Bruna L. C.
name: Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa
name: Rembold, Sandro B.
name: Kaipper, André L. P.
name: de Oliveira, Bruno Dall'Agnol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of the close environment on the nuclear activity of a sample of 436 nearby ($z<0.3$) QSO 2's -- selected from SDSS-III spectra, via comparison of their environment and interaction parameters with those of a control sample of 1308 galaxies. We have used the corresponding SDSS images to obtain the number of neighbour galaxies $N$, tidal strength parameter $Q$ and asymmetry parameters. We find a small excess of $N$ in the QSOs compared to its three controls, and no difference in $Q$. The main difference is an excess of asymmetry in the QSOs hosts, which is almost twice that of the control galaxies. This difference is not due to the hosts' morphology, since there is no difference in their Galaxy Zoo classifications. HST images of two highly asymmetric QSO 2 hosts of our sample show that both sources have a close companion (at projected separations $\sim$ 5 kpc), which we thus conclude is the cause of the observed asymmetry in the lower resolution SDSS images. The mean projected radius of the controls is $ \langle r \rangle = 8.53\pm$0.06 kpc, while that of the QSO hosts is $ \langle r \rangle = 9.39\pm$0.12 kpc, supporting the presence of interaction signatures in the outer regions of the QSO hosts. Our results favour a scenario in which nuclear activity in QSO 2's is triggered by close galaxy interactions -- when the distance between the host and companion is of the order of the galaxy radius, implying that they are already in the process of merger.
description: 15 pages, 20 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
How Useful are Recasts?: Factors Influencing Their Success and Problems in Testing
Creators: name: Burrill, Kate
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2012

description: As the popular focus of instruction in language classrooms becomes increasingly meaning-oriented, teachers must nevertheless ensure that their students are also learning the correct form of the language they are studying. One of the ways to achieve this task is to provide negative feedback—correcting the student, either implicitly or explicitly. The most common type of negative feedback used in the classroom is recasting (Sheen, 2006; Panova & Lyster, 2002; Loewen & Philp, 2006). Recasting is defined as the reformulation of a non-native speaker’s incorrect utterance by a native speaker in order to correct it (Gass & Selinker, 2008). Recasts are a common type of feedback for many possible reasons; one of the main reasons may be that they allow the teacher to maintain a focus on meaning while still giving the non-native speaker implicit correction on form (Han, 2002). The prevalence of recasts in the classroom has led to many studies on the topic, but results from the research have generally not provided strong evidence of its effectiveness.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 12 No. 2 (2012)
Clifton's spherical solution in f(R) vacuo harbours a naked singularity
Creators: name: Faraoni, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clifton's exact solution of f(R)=R^(1+δ) gravity describing a dynamical spherical metric which is asymptotically Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker is studied. It is shown that it harbours a strong spacetime singularity and that this singularity is naked at late times.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, latex. To appear in Class. Quantum Grav. List of references updated
Does the L1 have a role in the foreign language classroom? A review of the literature
Creators: name: Bruhlmann, Abigail
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2012

description: Recently, the powers that be at the English language school where I work posted signs in every classroom, advising that only English is to be spoken there. The signs feature a menacing-looking Uncle Sam, wearing a patriotic top hat and a scowl. His outstretched index finger points accusingly at the viewer and his catch phrase is altered to read, "I want YOU to speak English at (name of school)" The background of these signs is an ominous black, and above the image of Uncle Sam is a warning: "Caution: English Only Zone."
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 12 No. 2 (2012)
Video in Qualitative Research: Analysing Social Interaction in Everyday Life
Creators: name: Tarpey, Tara E.
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2012

description: With the emergence of video as an affordable and accessible technology, its use as a research tool has become increasingly commonplace. As affirmed in the preface to Video in Qualitative Research, as well as by myriad other scholars (see Heritage, 1995; Liddicoat, 2011) this has been a promising development, allowing researchers to capture, review, share, and disseminate data in unprecedented ways. However, the potential advantages of employing video in research are accompanied by the uncertainty of the new: questions of ethics, practicalities, and implications. Video in Qualitative Research situates itself at this juncture. Taking into consideration ethical issues, data collection, data analysis, and communication of findings, Heath, Hindmarch, and Luff aim to provide practical guidance to researchers in the social sciences who wish to use video as a tool. While their book prioritizes the frameworks of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, their informed recommendations are applicable to a wide range of methodologies within the social sciences.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 12 No. 2 (2012)
DARİ DİLİNDEKİ GAZETE METİNLERİNDE KISALTMA SORUNU
Creators: name: Kerimov, Abdülatif
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Günümüzde Dari basını da dahil olmak üzere tüm dillerde kısaltmalar kullanılmaktadır. Bu araştırmade modern Dari gazetesi metinlerini ve içindeki bilgileri inceledik ve analiz sürecinde gazete metinlerinde çok sayıda kısaltma ve kısaltılmış terimle karşılaştık ve bu tür kısaltmaların kolay anlaşılmasının ana nedenlerini inceledik, kısaltmaların kullanım yöntemleri, kısaltılmış terimlerin içeriği, özünü belirlemeyi, anlamlarını doğru anlamayı amaçladık.
Technological Growth and L2 Construct Definition: Will Applied Linguistics Keep Pace with Language Users?
Creators: name: Blood, Ian
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2012

description: Chapelle (2003) coined the phrase “tunnel of efficiency” to describe what she considers a truncation of vision on the part of applied linguists who have studied technological innovations in L2 assessment. This nearsightedness, she argues, has led to an overemphasis of research that serves immediate practical considerations, i.e., faster, more efficient delivery and scoring of traditional tests. Underemphasized is the question of how the rapidly advancing availability and widespread use of new technology can or should change L2 constructs. To maintain the relevance of our field and coherently evaluate the validity of L2 assessment use arguments, we must pay attention to these questions.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 12 No. 2 (2012)
Distinguish the bifactor and higher-order factor model : a comparison of three RMSEA-related approaches under model misspecification
Creators: name: Zhou, Linnan (Paradox)
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: The bifactor model (BFM) is widely used in psychology, often compared with its nested models like the higher-order factor model (HFM) using fit indices. Previous simulation studies have shown that the BFM tends to outperform the HFM via fit indices, even when the HFM is the data-generating model (Greene et al., 2019; Morgan et al., 2015; Murray & Johnson, 2013). The superior model fit of the BFM has been described as a fit index “bias” rather than an indication of model correctness. Focusing on the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), the dominant approaches in the nested model comparison are the simple RMSEA approach (i.e., compare RMSEA of both models) and the ∆RMSEA approach (i.e., calculate the difference between two RMSEA values and use a non-zero cut-off to evaluate). An alternative approach, which uses an RMSEA associated with the chi-square difference test (i.e., RMSEA_D) has also been re-discovered and advocated (Brace, 2020; Savalei, et al., 2023). In the study, I evaluated the performance of three approaches when the true model is the HFM, containing varying degrees of misspecification. The results showed that the simple RMSEA approach was biased in favour of the BFM under minor misspecification, while the ∆RMSEA approach leaned towards HFM, even with severe misspecification. The RMSEA_D approach quantifies the misfit introduced by the HFM for each model misspecification condition without favouring either model. Additionally, I investigated how sample size and model size affect the equivalence test results of RMSEA_D. Recommendations are also made for future nested model comparison.
The Visual Elements of Computer-based Language Assessment: Aspects and Effects
Creators: name: Al-Ani, Sarab
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2012

description: The advent of computers and computer assisted technologies has certainly influenced many aspects of our personal and professional lives. The field of second language education is no exception, where such technologies first exerted their influence on conventional teaching methods, and from there moved onto methods of testing in second language acquisition. This transition from the “world of paper” to that of a computer screen and the associated technologies is arguably one of the most significant changes witnessed in second language education since the invention of the printing press. One of the questions that many studies tried to answer in regard to this change was: what effect do the visual elements of computer-based language tests have on test-takers?
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 12 No. 2 (2012)
Ultrafast and Electrically Tunable Rabi Frequency in a Germanium Hut Wire Hole Spin Qubit
Creators: name: Liu, He
name: Wang, Ke
name: Gao, Fei
name: Leng, Jin
name: Liu, Yang
name: Zhou, Yu-Chen
name: Cao, Gang
name: Wang, Ting
name: Zhang, Jianjun
name: Huang, Peihao
name: Li, Hai-Ou
name: Guo, Guo-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hole spin qubits based on germanium (Ge) have strong tunable spin orbit interaction (SOI) and ultrafast qubit operation speed. Here we report that the Rabi frequency (f_Rabi) of a hole spin qubit in a Ge hut wire (HW) double quantum dot (DQD) is electrically tuned through the detuning energy and middle gate voltage (V_M). f_Rabi gradually decreases with increasing detuning energy; on the contrary, f_Rabi is positively correlated with V_M. We attribute our results to the change of electric field on SOI and the contribution of the excited state in quantum dots to f_Rabi. We further demonstrate an ultrafast f_Rabi exceeding 1.2 GHz, which evidences the strong SOI in our device. The discovery of an ultrafast and electrically tunable f_Rabi in a hole spin qubit has potential applications in semiconductor quantum computing.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Technical Naturalness on a Codimension-2 Brane
Creators: name: Burgess, C. P.
name: Hoover, D.
name: Tasinato, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute how threshold effects obtained by integrating out a heavy particle localized on a codimension-2 brane influence the properties of the brane and the bulk fields it sources in D=d+2 dimensions. We do so using a recently developed formalism for matching the characteristics of higher codimension branes to the properties of the bulk fields they source. We show that although the dominant dependence on a heavy mass M that is induced in the low-energy codimension-2 tension has the generic size expected, T_2 \propto M^d, the very-low-energy effective potential governing the on-brane curvature once bulk KK modes are integrated out can be additionally suppressed, by factors of order k^2 M^d, where k is the bulk gravitational coupling. In the special case of a codimension-2 brane in a 6D supersymmetric bulk we also estimate the size of the contributions of short-wavelength bulk loops near the brane, and find these can be similarly suppressed.
description: 3 figures, 22 pages plus appendices
Future Directions in Pragmatics Assessment
Creators: name: Tsutagawa, Fred S.
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2012

description: While the discussion of the importance of pragmatic ability arguably begins with Lado (1961), the idea of sociolinguistic or pragmatic competence has been widely recognized as one of four vital communicative competencies since Canale and Swain (1980) and Canale (1983) first introduced their seminal paper on communicative competence over three decades ago. Since then, language testers such as Bachman (1990), Bachman and Palmer (1996), and Purpura (2004) have proposed subsequent models of communicative language ability (CLA) where pragmatic knowledge is featured prominently, but interestingly, the assessment of pragmatic knowledge and ability is still relatively nascent in terms of its research and development. One reason for this is because the measurement of pragmatic knowledge is inherently complex. As a result, most pragmatic research has tended to focus on a narrow but more quantifiable band of functional pragmatic topics and other pragmatic tasks. But actual “tests of pragmatic ability are few and far between” (Kasper & Rose, 2001, p. 9). Advances in technology, however, may possibly bridge some of the limitations that have been observed in the pragmatics testing literature thus far.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 12 No. 2 (2012)
Structural and magnetic properties of E-Fe_{1-x}Co_xSi thin films deposited via pulsed laser deposition
Creators: name: Manyala, Ncholu
name: Ngom, Balla D.
name: Beye, A. C.
name: Bucher, Remy
name: Maaza, Malik
name: Strydom, Andre
name: Forbes, Andrew
name: Johnson, A. T. Charlie
name: DiTusa, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report pulsed laser deposition synthesis and characterization of polycrystalline Fe1-xCox Si thin films on Si (111). X-ray diffraction, transmission electron, and atomic force microscopies reveal films to be dense, very smooth, and single phase with a cubic B20 crystal structure. Ferromagnetism with significant magnetic hysteresis is found for all films including nominally pure FeSi films in contrast to the very weak paramagnetism of bulk FeSi. For Fe1-xCoxSi this signifies a change from helimagnetism in bulk, to ferromagnetism in thin films. These ferromagnetic thin films are promising as a magnetic-silicide/silicon system for polarized current production, manipulation, and detection.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures accepted in the Applied Physics Letters
title: Nanofluidic Immobilization and Growth Detection of Escherichia coli in a Chip for Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing
Creators: name: Busche, Jan F.
name: Möller, Svenja
name: Klein, Ann-Kathrin
name: Stehr, Matthias
name: Purr, Foelke
name: Bassu, Margherita
name: Burg, Thomas P.
name: Dietzel, Andreas
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: Infections with antimicrobial resistant bacteria are a rising threat for global healthcare as more and more antibiotics lose their effectiveness against bacterial pathogens. To guarantee the long-term effectiveness of broad-spectrum antibiotics, they may only be prescribed when inevitably required. In order to make a reliable assessment of which antibiotics are effective, rapid point-of-care tests are needed. This can be achieved with fast phenotypic microfluidic tests, which can cope with low bacterial concentrations and work label-free. Here, we present a novel optofluidic chip with a cross-flow immobilization principle using a regular array of nanogaps to concentrate bacteria and detect their growth label-free under the influence of antibiotics. The interferometric measuring principle enabled the detection of the growth of Escherichia coli in under 4 h with a sample volume of 187.2 µL and a doubling time of 79 min. In proof-of-concept experiments, we could show that the method can distinguish between bacterial growth and its inhibition by antibiotics. The results indicate that the nanofluidic chip approach provides a very promising concept for future rapid and label-free antimicrobial susceptibility tests.
Naturally Light Hidden Photons in LARGE Volume String Compactifications
Creators: name: Goodsell, Mark
name: Jaeckel, Joerg
name: Redondo, Javier
name: Ringwald, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extra "hidden" U(1) gauge factors are a generic feature of string theory that is of particular phenomenological interest. They can kinetically mix with the Standard Model photon and are thereby accessible to a wide variety of astrophysical and cosmological observations and laboratory experiments. In this paper we investigate the masses and the kinetic mixing of hidden U(1)s in LARGE volume compactifications of string theory. We find that in these scenarios the hidden photons can be naturally light and that their kinetic mixing with the ordinary electromagnetic photon can be of a size interesting for near future experiments and observations.
description: 37 pages, 12 figures; minor corrections/improvements to hidden Higgs section
Percutaneous Inferior Cervical Sympathetic Ganglion Blockade for the Treatment of Ventricular Tachycardia Storm: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Introduction—We present the case of a patient with ventricular tachycardia storm refractory to medical therapy and multiple catheter ablations, successfully managed by percutaneous left inferior cervical sympathetic ganglion block. Summary—A 70-year-old man with a history of ischemic cardiomyopathy and previous placement of implantable defibrillator developed intractable ventricular tachycardia recalcitrant to intravenous amiodarone, lidocaine, and multiple catheter ablations with radiofrequency energy and direct current. The patient received numerous defibrillator shocks that did not result in sustained restoration of sinus rhythm. A percutaneous inferior cervical sympathetic ganglion block was performed under fluoroscopic guidance, with the administration of bupivacaine by infiltration of the tissue between the left internal carotid artery and the cervical vertebral bodies. Results—Two and a half hours after the procedure, ventricular tachycardia converted to sinus rhythm. One month after discharge from the hospital, the patient remained free from sustained ventricular tachycardia and did not report discharges from his implantable defibrillator. Conclusion—Percutaneous cervical sympathetic ganglion blockade appears to be an effective intervention in the treatment of ventricular tachycardia storm. Additional data are required before incorporating this technique into the management algorithm of incessant ventricular tachycardia.
Investigation and field effect tuning of thermoelectric properties of SnSe2 flakes
Creators: name: Pallecchi, I.
name: Caglieris, F.
name: Ceccardi, M.
name: Manca, N.
name: Marre', D.
name: Repetto, L.
name: Schott, M.
name: Bilc, D. I.
name: Chaitoglou, S.
name: Dimoulas, A.
name: Verstraete, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The family of Van der Waals dichalcogenides (VdWDs) includes a large number of compositions and phases, exhibiting varied properties and functionalities. They have opened up a novel electronics of two-dimensional materials, characterized by higher integration and interfaces which are atomically sharper and cleaner than conventional electronics. Among these functionalities, some VdWDs possess remarkable thermoelectric properties. SnSe2 has been identified as a promising thermoelectric material on the basis of its estimated electronic and transport properties. In this work we carry out experimental meas-urements of the electric and thermoelectric properties of SnSe2 flakes. For a 30 micron thick SnSe2 flake at room temperature, we measure electron mobility of 40 cm^2 V^-1 s^-1, a carrier density of 4 x 10^18 cm^-3, a Seebeck coefficient S around -400 microV/K and thermoelectric power factor around 0.35 mW m^-1 K^-2. The comparison of experimental results with theoretical calculations shows fair agreement and indicates that the dominant carrier scattering mechanisms are polar optical phonons at room temperature and ionized im-purities below 50 K. In order to explore possible improvement of the thermoelectric properties, we carry out reversible electrostatic doping on a thinner flake, in a field effect setup. On this 75 nm thick SnSe2 flake, we measure a field effect variation of the Seebeck coefficient of up to 290 % at low temperature, and a corresponding variation of the thermoelectric power factor of up to 1050 %. We find that the power factor increases with the depletion of n-type charge carriers. Field effect control of thermoelectric transport opens perspectives for boosting energy harvesting and novel switching technologies based on two-dimensional materials.
description: in press on Physical Review Materials