cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Global exponential convergence to variational traveling waves in cylinders
Creators: name: Muratov, C. B.
name: Novaga, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35B40, 35C07, 35K57, 35A15

description: We prove, under generic assumptions, that the special variational traveling wave that minimizes the exponentially weighted Ginzburg-Landau functional associated with scalar reaction-diffusion equations in infinite cylinders is the long-time attractor for the solutions of the initial value problems with front-like initial data. The convergence to this traveling wave is exponentially fast. The obtained result is mainly a consequence of the gradient flow structure of the considered equation in the exponentially weighted spaces and does not depend on the precise details of the problem. It strengthens our earlier generic propagation and selection result for "pushed" fronts.
description: 23 pages
31782: New paths
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: I used to walk to and from the office every day, about 45 minutes each way. When we first went into lockdown I missed the exercise the most. Only being allowed out once a day felt restrictive. After a while I realised that the walks not only took me to and from work physically but also helped me to gather my thoughts and plan for work as well as wind down and relax. Now I take a walk in Cutteslowe Park every morning before work. I am finding that, just like during my commute before, I see the same people most days and we are starting to acknowledge each other with a nod, a smile and some comment on the weather. It is nice to see that some things remain the same in this strange, new normal existence.
On Power Control of Grid-Forming Converters: Modeling, Controllability, and Full-State Feedback Design
Creators: name: Chen, Meng
name: Zhou, Dao
name: Tayyebi, Ali
name: Prieto-Araujo, Eduardo
name: Dörfler, Florian
name: Blaabjerg, Frede
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The popular single-input single-output control structures and classic design methods (e.g., root locus analysis) for the power control of grid-forming converters have limitations in applying to different line characteristics and providing favorable performance. This paper studies the grid-forming converter power loops from the perspective of multi-input multi-output systems. First, the error dynamics associated with power control loops (error-based state-space model) are derived while taking into account the natural dynamical coupling terms of the power converter models. Thereafter, the controllability Gramian of the grid-forming converter power loops is studied. Last, a full-state feedback control design using only the local measurements is applied. By this way, the eigenvalues of the system can be arbitrarily placed in the timescale of power loops based on predefined time-domain specifications. A step-by-step construction and design procedure of the power control of grid-forming converters is also given. The analysis and proposed method are verified by experimental results.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2205.03465
Structure of $λ^*$(1405) and the $λ^*$-Meson-Baryon Coupling Constants
Creators: name: An, Chunsheng
name: Saghai, Bijan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within an extended chiral constituent quark model, three- and five-quark structure of the $S_{01}$ resonance $Λ(1405)$ is investigated with respect to the coupling constants $g^2_{Λ^* πΣ}$ and $g^2_{Λ^* \bar{K} N}$. Our findings corroborate with about 50% of five-quark admixture in the $Λ(1405)$ needed in reproducing the strong decay width, $Γ_{Λ(1405)\to (Σπ)^\circ}$.
description: Contributed to MESON2010
31784: Empty Oxford
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: I am making a point of going out for a walk every day - something I didn't necessarily do pre-lockdown. Most of my walks are around the local streets or parks, but at the weekend I walked into the centre of Oxford, coming in through the University parks then walking down St Giles, Broad Street, under the Bridge of Sighs and along Queen's Lane. The weather has been so beautiful, and I knew the wysteria along Queen's lane would be looking its best so I wanted to have a look.
The streets that would normally be full of tourists were empty - standing in the middle of Broad street on the Saturday before the start of term, not a single car was moving.
Walking under the Bridge of Sighs usually involved photo-bombing dozens of tourists, but there was literally no-one.
Software Architecture for Fiji National University Campus Information Systems
Creators: name: Kumar, Bimal Aklesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software Architecture defines the overview of the system which consists of various components and their relationships among the software. Architectural design is very important in the development of large scale software solution and plays a very active role in achieving business goals, quality and reusable solution. It is often difficult to choose the best software architecture for your system from the several candidate types available. In this paper we look at the several architectural types and compare them based on the key requirements of our system, and select the most appropriate architecture for the implementation of campus information systems at Fiji National University. Finally we provide details of proposed architecture and outline future plans for implementation of our system.
Cyanobacterial metabolites as promising drug leads against the Mpro and PLpro of SARS-CoV-2: an in silico analysis
Creators: name: Naidoo, Devashan
name: Roy, Ayan
name: Kar, Pallab
name: Mutanda, Taurai
name: Anandraj, Akash
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: A novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as the causative agent behind the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Treatment efforts have been severely impeded due to the lack of specific effective antiviral drugs for the treatment of COVID-associated pathologies. In the present research endeavour the inhibitory prospects of cyanobacterial metabolites were assessed at the active binding pockets of the two vital SARS-CoV-2 proteases namely, main protease (Mpro) and the papain-like protease (PLpro) that proteolytically process viral polyproteins and facilitate viral replication, employing an in silico molecular interaction-based approach. It was evident from our analysis based on the binding energy scores that the metabolites cylindrospermopsin, deoxycylindrospermopsin, carrageenan, cryptophycin 52, eucapsitrione, tjipanazole, tolyporphin and apratoxin A exhibited promising inhibitory potential against the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The compounds cryptophycin 1, cryptophycin 52 and deoxycylindrospermopsin were observed to display encouraging binding energy scores with the PLpro of SARS-CoV-2. Subsequent estimation of physicochemical properties and potential toxicity of the metabolites followed by robust molecular dynamics simulations and analysis of MM-PBSA energy scoring function established deoxycylindrospermopsin as the most promising inhibitory candidate against both SARS-CoV-2 proteases. Present research findings bestow ample scopes to further exploit the potential of deoxycylindrospermopsin as a successful inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and in vivo and pave the foundation for the development of novel effective therapeutics against COVID-19. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
The Stellar Kinematic Center and the True Galactic Nucleus of NGC253
Creators: name: Müller-Sánchez, F.
name: González-Martín, O.
name: Fernández-Ontiveros, J. A.
name: Acosta-Pulido, J. A.
name: Prieto, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first sub-arcsecond resolution two-dimensional stellar kinematics and X-ray observations of the prototypical starburst galaxy NGC253 which define the position and nature of the galactic nucleus. We get an estimate of the stellar kinematic center location corresponding to an area of r~1.2" centered 0.7" southwest from the radio core (TH2). Newly processed Chandra data reveal a central hard X-ray source (X-1) lying 0.4" southwest from the kinematic center. Very accurate alignment between radio, infrared and X-ray sources shows that TH2, the IR photometric center and X-1 are not associated with each other. As the kinematic center is consistent with TH2 and X-1, we consider the two as possible galactic nucleus candidates. Although TH2 is the strongest radio source in the nuclear region, it does not have any infrared, optical or X-ray counterparts. If the kinematic center is associated with this source, by analogy we suggest that the nucleus of NGC253 resembles our Galactic Center SgrA*. On the other hand, X-1 is a heavily absorbed object only detected at energies >2 keV. If X-1 is instead associated with the kinematic center, the nucleus of NGC253 is compatible with an obscured low luminosity active galactic nucleus (AGN) or a spatially resolved super star cluster (SSC) brightening up in X-rays most probably due to young supernovae or supernova remnants. If no SSC is associated with the kinematic center, we conclude that NGC253 is a galaxy in which a strong starburst and a weak AGN (either TH2 or X-1) coexist. Results from few other high resolution studies of nearby starburst galaxies indicate that the AGN in these systems, if present, is always in the low luminosity regime. This may indicate that the onset of nuclear activity in galaxies is closely related with the occurrence of star formation, and that we are witnessing the emergence or disappearance of an AGN.
description: 33 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ, Version with high resolution figures available at http://www.iac.es/galeria/fmueller/docs/ngc253_fms.pdf
Cumulative effects information and environmental assessment decision-making in the Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories
Creators: name: Arnold, Lauren
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: The purpose of this research was to investigate environmental assessment processes and how information about cumulative effects is used in decision-making about resource development activities in the Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories. In the context of expanding resource development, an understanding of cumulative impacts, which result from the combination of environmental stressors, is of increasing importance for freshwater resource management and decision-making. Cumulative effects assessment is supported by literature as a way of improving and progressing the environmental assessment process for resource development projects; it evaluates environmental impacts in combination with other past, present, and foreseeable impacts. Cumulative effects assessment is important to fully understand and to anticipate the consequences of resource development, but since it requires multiple types of information and multiple scales of analysis it is difficult to integrate into project-based environmental assessments. In the Mackenzie Valley, monitoring cumulative impacts is part of environmental assessment legislation as well as comprehensive land claim agreements; however, it is unclear how information about cumulative impacts is being used by environmental assessment decision-makers. This research included a document review of past environmental assessment reports and semi-structured interviews with representatives from organizations involved in environmental assessment. The objectives were to explore how cumulative effects information about freshwater is being used to guide decisions about resource development, identify the information organizations use and the information needed, and the key challenges for decision-making about cumulative effects. The results of this research highlight a weak connection between cumulative effects information and environmental assessment decision-making in the Mackenzie Valley and provide insight into how to better facilitate the use of cumulative effects information. The results align with and support existing cumulative effects and environmental assessment literature fields, but also illustrate key issues in the unique regulatory setting of the Mackenzie Valley.
HiPart: Hierarchical Divisive Clustering Toolbox
Creators: name: Anagnostou, Panagiotis
name: Tasoulis, Sotiris
name: Plagianakos, Vassilis
name: Tasoulis, Dimitris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents the HiPart package, an open-source native python library that provides efficient and interpret-able implementations of divisive hierarchical clustering algorithms. HiPart supports interactive visualizations for the manipulation of the execution steps allowing the direct intervention of the clustering outcome. This package is highly suited for Big Data applications as the focus has been given to the computational efficiency of the implemented clustering methodologies. The dependencies used are either Python build-in packages or highly maintained stable external packages. The software is provided under the MIT license. The package's source code and documentation can be found at https://github.com/panagiotisanagnostou/HiPart.
Scienza aperta, dati aperti e il ruolo di IOSSG
Creators: name: Gargiulo, Paola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: IOSSG; Italian Open Science Support Group, Open Science, EOSC, Open Data

description: Presentazione di IOSSG durante il workshop “Scienza Aperta: nuovi modelli di comunicazione scientifica e valutazione della ricerca”, Cavallino (Lecce) 30 gennaio 2019
The Pro-Trade Bias of Offshoring
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Subhayu
name: Basu, Arnab K.
name: Chau, Nancy H.
name: Mitra, Devashish
name: Bandyopadhyay, Subhayu
name: Basu, Arnab K.
name: Chau, Nancy H.
name: Mitra, Devashish
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Offshoring
subject: Dispute Settlement Reciprocity
subject: Labor Standards.

description: Technological advance and improvements in communication technologies have facilitated the offshoring of jobs worldwide, where a typical scene following the supply chain involves developing countries importing finished products from developed countries that contain developing country labor content. We demonstrate that this pattern of offshoring can harbor a pro-trade bias, but only among countries upstream along the global supply chain. This upstream-downstream asymmetry has important implications on countries’ (i) incentive to violate trade agreements, and (ii) ability to leverage the dispute settlement procedures to punish violators. We then show that a well-enforced set of labor standards in developing countries, such as a binding minimum wage, resolves this conundrum by reviving the ability of the developing countries to use countervailing tariffs to punish trade agreement violators.
Lacing topological orders in two dimensions: exactly solvable models for Kitaev's sixteen-fold way
Creators: name: Jin, Jin-Tao
name: Miao, Jian-Jian
name: Zhou, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A family of two-dimensional (2D) spin-1/2 models have been constructed to realize Kitaev's sixteen-fold way of anyon theories. Defining a one-dimensional (1D) path through all the lattice sites, and performing the Jordan-Wigner transformation with the help of the 1D path, we find that such a spin-1/2 model is equivalent to a model with $ν$ species of Majorana fermions coupled to a static $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge field. Here each specie of Majorana fermions gives rise to an energy band that carries a Chern number $\mathcal{C}=1$, yielding a total Chern number $\mathcal{C}=ν$. It has been shown that the ground states are three (four)-fold topologically degenerate on a torus, when $ν$ is an odd (even) number. These exactly solvable models can be achieved by quantum simulations.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
Role of mTOR Pathway in Modulation of Radiation Induced Bystander Effects
Creators: name: Verma, Neha
name: Tiku, Ashu Bhan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Radiation induced bystander effect (RIBE) is considered as an important consequence of radiation exposures. Based on the type of effect induced, it has important implications in radiation therapy. mTOR (mammalian Target of Rapamycin) pathway, a key regulator of cell survival in response to various stressors, plays an important role in radiation induced damages. Besides cell survival, over-expression of mTOR promotes resistance to radiation. However, the role of mTOR signalling in induction/modulation of RIBE is still unclear. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the role of mTOR pathway in RIBE and to understand its relationship with radiation response of target cells. RIBE was studied in-vitro using medium transfer method in five different cell lines. Direct and bystander effects were evaluated using clonogenic and MTT assay. Changes in the expression of mTOR pathway proteins in directly targeted cells and/or bystander cells were studied using western blotting. The five cell lines tested for induction of RIBEs responded differently. Naïve HT1080 and A549 cells exhibited proliferative bystander effect induced by conditioned media and irradiated conditioned media, while no effect was observed in naïve MCF-7, L132 and HT29 cells. Everolimus (an mTOR inhibitor) significantly abolished the proliferative bystander effect induced in naïve HT1080 and A549 cells. These results suggested that mTOR pathway plays an important role in RIBEs. These effects are cell type specific depending on the radiosensitivity of the target cells and the therapeutic benefits of radiation may be modulated by treatment with mTOR inhibitors.
The transverse structure of the QCD string
Creators: name: Meyer, Harvey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characterization of the transverse structure of the QCD string is discussed. We formulate a conjecture as to how the stress-energy tensor of the underlying gauge theory couples to the string degrees of freedom. A consequence of the conjecture is that the energy density and the longitudinal-stress operators measure the distribution of the transverse position of the string, to leading order in the string fluctuations, whereas the transverse-stress operator does not. We interpret recent numerical measurements of the transverse size of the confining string and show that the difference of the energy and longitudinal-stress operators is the appropriate probe to use when comparing with the next-to-leading order string prediction. Secondly we derive the constraints imposed by open-closed string duality on the transverse structure of the string. We show that a total of three independent `gravitational' form factors characterize the transverse profile of the closed string, and obtain the interpretation of recent effective string theory calculations: the square radius of a closed string of length β, defined from the slope of its gravitational form factor, is given by (d-1)/(2πσ)\log(β/(4r_0)) in d space dimensions. This is to be compared with the well-known result that the width of the open-string at mid-point grows as (d-1)/(2πσ) log(r/r_0). We also obtain predictions for transition form factors among closed-string states.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure
Response of graphene to femtosecond high-intensity laser irradiation
Creators: name: Roberts, Adam
name: Cormode, Daniel
name: Reynolds, Collin
name: Newhouse-Illige, Ty
name: LeRoy, Brian J.
name: Sandhu, Arvinder S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the response of graphene to high-intensity 10^11-10^12 Wcm^-2, 50-femtosecond laser pulse excitation. We establish that graphene has a fairly high (~3\times10^12Wcm^-2) single-shot damage threshold. Above this threshold, a single laser pulse cleanly ablates graphene, leaving microscopically defined edges. Below this threshold, we observe laser-induced defect formation that leads to degradation of the lattice over multiple exposures. We identify the lattice modification processes through in-situ Raman microscopy. The effective lifetime of CVD graphene under femtosecond near-IR irradiation and its dependence on laser intensity is determined. These results also define the limits of non-linear applications of graphene in femtosecond high-intensity regime.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Isometric, symmetric and isosymmetric commuting $d$-tuples of Banach space operators
Creators: name: Duggal, Bhagwati Prashad
name: Kim, In Hyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A05, 47A55, 47A11, 47B47

description: Generalising the definition to commuting $d$-tuples of operators, a number of authors have considered structural properties of $m$-isometric, $n$-symmetric and $(m,n)$-isosymmetric commuting $d$-tuples in the recent past. This note is an attempt to take the mystique out of this extension and show how a large number of these properties follow from the more familiar arguments used to prove the single operator version of these properties.
description: none
The Path Space of a Directed Graph
Creators: name: Webster, Samuel B. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L05

description: We construct a locally compact Hausdorff topology on the path space of a directed graph $E$, and identify its boundary-path space $\partial E$ as the spectrum of a commutative $C^*$-subalgebra $D_E$ of $C^*(E)$. We then show that $\partial E$ is homeomorphic to a subset of the infinite-path space of any desingularisation $F$ of $E$. Drinen and Tomforde showed that we can realise $C^*(E)$ as a full corner of $C^*(F)$, and we deduce that $D_E$ is isomorphic to a corner of $D_F$. Lastly, we show that this isomorphism implements the homeomorphism between the boundary-path spaces.
description: 12 pages, all figures drawn with TikZ/PGF
New massive gravity, extended
Creators: name: Paulos, Miguel F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider gravity in three dimensions with an arbitrary number of curvature corrections. We show that such corrections are always functions of only three independent curvature invariants. Demanding the existence of a holographic c-theorem we show how to fix the coefficients in the action for an arbitrarily high order, recovering the new massive gravity lagrangian at quadratic order. We calculate the central charge $c$ and show that using Cardy's formula it matches the entropy of black hole solutions, which we construct. We also consider fluctuations about an AdS background, and find that it is possible to obtain two derivative equations by imposing a single constraint, thereby lifting the pathologic massive modes of new massive gravity. If we do not impose this, there is a set of ghosty massive modes propagating in the bulk. However, at $c=0$ these become massless and it is expected that these theories encode the dynamics of the spin two sector of strongly coupled logarithmic CFT's.
description: 4 pages
Moments of GPDs and transverse-momentum dependent PDFs from the lattice
Creators: name: Meyer, Harvey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review lattice-QCD calculations of the electromagnetic and generalized form factors (GFFs), which determine the transverse structure of the nucleon, and briefly comment on recent calculations related to transverse-momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDPDFs).
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 8 figure files; proceedings of the DIS2010 conference (April 19-23, 2010 in Florence)
Superfluidity versus Anderson localization in a dilute Bose gas
Creators: name: Paul, T.
name: Schlagheck, Peter
name: Leboeuf, P.
name: Pavloff, N.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We consider the motion of a quasi one dimensional beam of Bose-Einstein condensed particles in a disordered region of finite extent. Interaction effects lead to the appearance of two distinct regions of stationary flow. One is subsonic and corresponds to superfluid motion. The other one is supersonic, dissipative and shows Anderson localization. We compute analytically the interaction-dependent localization length. We also explain the disappearance of the supersonic stationary flow for large disordered samples.
Beam polarization effects on Z-boson pair production at electron-positron colliders: a full one-loop analysis
Creators: name: Demirci, Mehmet
name: Balantekin, A. Baha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-precision predictions for Z boson-pair production via electron-positron collisions by taking into account a full set of one-loop order scattering amplitudes, i.e., electroweak (EW) corrections together with soft and hard QED radiation. We provide a detailed numerical evaluation, from full EW corrections to pure QED corrections, specifically focusing on the effect of initial beam polarization on production rate. The left-right asymmetry and angular distributions are also presented. The radiative corrections are largely affected by initial beam polarizations. We get an improvement as around three times with completely polarized beams of $e^-_L$ and $e^+_R$. We find that the radiative corrections can sizably modify the production rate, typically yielding a total relative correction up to a few tens of a percent. This imply that the full EW corrections are required for $e^- e^+ \to ZZ$ to match with percent level accuracy.
description: 16 pages (two columns), 17 figures, 3 tables
Unlikely intersections and equidistribution with a dynamical perspective
Creators: name: Mavraki, Niki Myrto
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: In this thesis we investigate generalizations of a theorem by Masser and Zannier concerning torsion specializations of sections in a fibered product of two elliptic surfaces. We consider the Weierstrass family of elliptic curves Et : y² = x³ + t and points Pt(a) = (a, √a³ + t) ∊ Et parametrized by non-zero t ∊ ℚ₂, where a ∊ ℚ₂. Given α,β ∊ ℚ₂ such that α/β ∊ ℚ, we provide an explicit description for the set of parameters t = λ, such that Pλ(α) and Pλ(β) are simultaneously torsion for Eλ. In particular, we prove that the aforementioned set is empty unless α/β ∊ {-2, -1/2}. Furthermore, we show that this set is empty even when α/β ∉ ℚ provided that a and b have distinct 2-adic absolute values and the ramification index e(ℚ₂(α/β) | ℚ₂) is coprime with 6. Our methods are dynamical. Using our techniques, we derive a recent result of Stoll concerning the Legendre family of elliptic curves Et : y² = x(x-1)(x-t), which itself strengthened earlier work of Masser and Zannier by establishing, as a special case, that there is no parameter t = λ ∊ ℂ \ {0,1} such that the points with x-coordinates a and b are both torsion Eλ, provided a,b have distinct reduction modulo 2. We also consider an extension of Masser and Zannier’s theorem in the spirit of Bogomolov's conjecture. Let π : E → B be an elliptic surface defined over a number field K, where B is a smooth projective curve, and let P : B → E be a section defined over K with canonical height ĥE(P) ≠ 0. We use Silverman's results concerning the variation of the Neron-Tate height elliptic surfaces, together with complex-dynamical arguments to show that the function t ↦ ĥE₁ (Pt) satisfies the hypothesis of Thuillier and Yuan’s equidistribution theorems. Thus, we obtain the equidistribution of points t ∊ B(K) where Pt is torsion. Finally, combined with Masser and Zannier’s theorems, we prove the Bogomolov-type extension of their theorem. More precisely, we show that there is a positive lower bound on the height ĥAt(Pt), after excluding finitely many points t ∊ B, for any 'non-special' section P of a family of abelian varieties A → B that split as a product of elliptic curves.
UniProtKB and Alzheimer’s Disease: Linking molecular defects to disease phenotype
Creators: name: Lussi, Yvonne C.
name: Breuza, Lionel
name: Casas, Cristina Casals
name: Georghiou, George
name: Magrane, Michele
name: Masson, Patrick
name: Shadab  Ahmad
name: Oliveira, Carla
name: Watkins, Xavier
name: Martin, Maria
name: Orchard, Sandra
name: UniProt Consortium
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease and the most common form of dementia in elderly people. Linkage analysis was the first milestone in unravelling the mutations in APP, PSEN1 and PSEN2 that cause early-onset AD. The development of next-generation sequencing methods over the last decade has increased the detection of genetic variants and the identification of disease-associated genes. However, establishing the relationship between the variants and disease phenotype remains a challenge. In this context, UniProtKB aims to link resources from genetic and medical information to protein sequences and associated biological knowledge.

In a joint effort across the UniProt sites, over 240 proteins have been identified by text mining and by input from experts in the field to be associated with AD. By manual curation, information from peer-reviewed literature will be annotated on molecular function and involvement in disease, including disease-associated variant positions and variant characterization.

By focusing our curation efforts on proteins involved in AD, we hope to shed light on the mechanisms leading to this devastating disease. We focus on a thorough review of available information on sequence variants and associated AD information, as well as normal protein function of proteins associated with the disease. The information on variants together with variant functional description, protein molecular function, structural data and protein-protein interaction should help researchers in the field of neurodegeneration, clinicians and biomedical researchers to gain a global view on the relation between variant and disease and help elucidating disease mechanism.
Revised Born-Oppenheimer approach and a multielectron reprojection method for inelastic collisions
Creators: name: Belyaev, Andrey K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum reprojection method within the standard adiabatic Born-Oppenheimer approach is derived for multielectron collision systems. The method takes nonvanishing asymptotic nonadiabatic couplings into account and distinguishes asymptotic currents in molecular state and in atomic state channels, leading to physically consistent and reliable results. The method is demonstrated for the example of low-energy inelastic Li+Na collisions, for which the conventional application of the standard adiabatic Born-Oppenheimer approach fails and leads to paradoxes such as infinite inelastic cross sections.
Multivariate curve resolution and other methods applied to the Terra-ref hyperspectral dataset
Creators: name: Champion, Cody
name: Timlin, Jerilyn Ann
name: Hanson, David
name: Duval, Benjamin
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: We applied a masking technique based a k-means clustering and prepare data from the terra-ref dataset for multivariate curve resolution.  This dataset details multiple growing seasons of sorghum.
Identification of potential modulator of Anopheles gambiae odorant binding protein 1 by hierarchical virtual screening and molecular dynamics
Creators: name: Bomfim, Mayra Ramos do
name: Araújo, Janay Stefany Carneiro
name: da Cruz Macêdo, Williams Jorge
name: Santos, Cleydson Breno Rodrigues dos
name: Leite, Franco Henrique Andrade
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Malaria is a protozoan infection transmitted by the bite of the infected female mosquito belonging to the genus Anopheles spp., which causes more than 445 million annual deaths worldwide. Available drugs have serious adverse effects (e.g. blurred vision, hypotension and headache) and species-dependent efficacy. An alternative to overcome these problems involve the use of molecules with affinity to the Anopheles gambiae mosquito odor receptors, minimizing the reinfection process as well as reducing the problems related to pharmacological therapy. The vector control can interrupt the epidemiological cycle and, therefore, control the malaria incidence. In the olfactory pathway, odorant binding protein 1 acts on the first level of odor recognition on malarial vector and thus can be used to modulate mosquito behavior and development of new attracts or repellents. Thus, this study applied ligand-based (2D-chemical similarity) and structure-based (docking and molecular dynamics) computational approaches to prioritize potential olfactory modulators on natural products catalogs at ZINC15 database (n = 98,379). Hierarchical virtual screening prioritized a potential olfactory modulator (Z8217) against Anopheles gambiae odorant binding protein 1 (AgOBP1). Next, it was submitted to molecular dynamics routine to identify structural requirements and the interactions profile required for binding-site affinity. This promising natural compound can interact like experimental ligand and will be used in repellency assay to confirm its sensorial behavior. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
31798: Masks
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: I hand sewed a mask to be worn when going shopping or similar, when I might get closer to other people. At this date it is not mandated, but it is in Germany and this was to be prepared.
Point normal orientation and surface reconstruction by incorporating isovalue constraints to Poisson equation
Creators: name: Xiao, Dong
name: Shi, Zuoqiang
name: Li, Siyu
name: Deng, Bailin
name: Wang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Oriented normals are common pre-requisites for many geometric algorithms based on point clouds, such as Poisson surface reconstruction. However, it is not trivial to obtain a consistent orientation. In this work, we bridge orientation and reconstruction in the implicit space and propose a novel approach to orient point cloud normals by incorporating isovalue constraints to the Poisson equation. In implicit surface reconstruction, the reconstructed shape is represented as an isosurface of an implicit function defined in the ambient space. Therefore, when such a surface is reconstructed from a set of sample points, the implicit function values at the points should be close to the isovalue corresponding to the surface. Based on this observation and the Poisson equation, we propose an optimization formulation that combines isovalue constraints with local consistency requirements for normals. We optimize normals and implicit functions simultaneously and solve for a globally consistent orientation. Thanks to the sparsity of the linear system, our method can work on an average laptop with reasonable computational time. Experiments show that our method can achieve high performance in non-uniform and noisy data and manage varying sampling densities, artifacts, multiple connected components, and nested surfaces. The source code is available at \url{https://github.com/Submanifold/IsoConstraints}.
description: Accepted by Computer Aided Geometric Design from GMP 2023
Profiling selectivity of chagasin mutants towards cysteine proteases cruzain or cathepsin L through molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Toman, Núbia Prates
name: Kamenik, Anna Sophia
name: Santos, Lucianna Helene
name: Hofer, Florian
name: Liedl, Klaus R.
name: Ferreira, Rafaela Salgado
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Chagasin, an endogenous cysteine protease inhibitor from Trypanosoma cruzi, can control the activity of the parasitic cruzain and its homologous human cathepsin L. While chagasin inhibits both enzymes with similar potency, mutations have different effects on binding to these enzymes. Mutants T31A and T31A/T32A bind well to cathepsin L, but their affinity for cruzain drops ∼40 to 140–fold. On the other hand, the mutant W93A binds well to cruzain, but it loses potency against cathepsin L. Here, we employed molecular dynamics simulations to understand the selectivity in inhibition of cruzain or cathepsin L by chagasin mutants W93A, T31A, and T31A/T32A. Our results allowed profiling the nonbonded interactions in the interfaces of each mutant with these cysteine proteases. Additionally, we observed differences in the binding conformation of the chagasin loops L2 and L6 of the W93A mutant, favoring interactions with cruzain and reducing interactions with cathepsin L. These differences are associated with a partial dissociation of the W93A-cathepsin L complex, providing a likely cause for the selectivity of the mutant W93A towards cruzain. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Detection of a Pseudobulge Hidden Inside the "Box-Shaped Bulge" of NGC 4565
Creators: name: Kormendy, John
name: Barentine, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations show that box-shaped bulges of edge-on galaxies are not bulges: they are bars seen side-on. Therefore the two components that are seen in edge-on Sb galaxies such as NGC 4565 are a disk and a bar. But face-on SBb galaxies always show a disk, a bar, and a (pseudo)bulge. Where is the (pseudo)bulge in NGC 4565? We use archival Hubble Space Telescope H-band images and Spitzer Space Telescope 3.6 micron wavelength images, both calibrated to 2MASS K_s band, to penetrate the prominent dust lane in NGC 4565. We find a high surface brightness, central stellar component that is clearly distinct from the boxy bar and from the disk. Its brightness profile is a Sersic function with index n = 1.55 +- 0.07 along the major axis and 1.33 +- 0.12 along the minor axis. Therefore it is a pseudobulge. It is much less luminous than the boxy bar, so the true pseudobulge-to-total luminosity ratio of the galaxy is PB/T = 0.06 +- 0.01, much less than the previously believed value of B/T = 0.4 for the boxy bulge. We infer that published B/T luminosity ratios of edge-on galaxies with boxy bulges have been overestimated. Therefore, more galaxies than we thought contain little or no evidence of a merger-built classical bulge. From a formation point of view, NGC 4565 is a giant, pure-disk galaxy. This presents a challenge to our picture of galaxy formation by hierarchical clustering: it is difficult to grow galaxies as big as NGC 4565 without also making big classical bulges.
description: Four pages, 3 figures; requires emulateapj.sty, psfig.tex; accepted for publication in ApJ (Letters); for a version with full resolution figures, see http://chandra.as.utexas.edu/~kormendy/NGC4565.pdf
31800: Lockdown instructions from 10 Downing Street
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: The COVID-19 Lockdown meant that for the first time in 20 years, I spent Easter in the UK and not in Spain, where I usually meet up with my family.
Non-Equilibrium Fluctuations of Black Hole Horizons
Creators: name: Iso, Satoshi
name: Okazawa, Susumu
name: Zhang, Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate non-equilibrium nature of fluctuations of black hole horizons by applying the fluctuation theorems and the Jarzynski equality developed in the non-equilibrium statistical physics. These theorems applied to space-times with black hole horizons lead to the generalized second law of thermodynamics. It is also suggested that the second law should be violated microscopically so as to satisfy the Jarzynski equality.
description: 4 pages
Laser Raman spectroscopy as an adjunct in vivo endoscopic device for improving early lung cancer detection
Creators: name: McGregor, Hanna Claire
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Lung cancer has an 18% five year survival rate, which is among the lowest in all cancer types. Typically, this low survival rate is due to the detection of the disease at a late stage not amendable to curative therapy. To combat this poor prognosis, many efforts have been made to detect early lung cancers before they become metastatic. Diagnosis of lung cancer involves localization and biopsy but the diagnostic accuracy of small lung lesions is currently sub-optimal. In the central airways autofluorescent bronchoscopy can localize suspicious areas for biopsy with high sensitivity but the specificity is relatively low. In the peripheral airways abnormal tissue is localized through the radial endobronchial ultrasound procedure. The diagnostic yield is relatively low in the sixty percent range, therefore, there remains a need for real time detailed information about benign versus malignant lung tissue for endoscopic diagnosis. Raman spectroscopy, a technique that utilizes the inelastic scattering of light by a molecule, has the ability to show detailed biochemical information that current procedures do not provide. Here we study the feasibility of incorporating Raman spectroscopy into standard clinical procedures. In the central airways we conduct a large scale single centre trial using Raman Spectroscopy as an adjunct to autofluorescence bronchoscopy procedures. It was found that adjunct RS can greatly improve the classification of malignant from benign/normal lesions with a high diagnostic sensitivity (90%) and good specificity (65%). In the peripheral airways, we present the design and development of a novel miniature Raman probe capable of navigating the bronchial architecture into the small airways. To our knowledge, we show the first in vivo clinical test of a fibre bundle peripheral probe and the first Raman spectra of peripheral lung cancer and normal tissue. With follow up clinical testing and validation we believe the opportunity to use Raman spectroscopy as an adjunct device in the entire lung is feasible.
Secure Routing in Wireless Mesh Networks
Creators: name: Sen, Jaydip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have emerged as a promising concept to meet the challenges in next-generation networks such as providing flexible, adaptive, and reconfigurable architecture while offering cost-effective solutions to the service providers. Unlike traditional Wi-Fi networks, with each access point (AP) connected to the wired network, in WMNs only a subset of the APs are required to be connected to the wired network. The APs that are connected to the wired network are called the Internet gateways (IGWs), while the APs that do not have wired connections are called the mesh routers (MRs). The MRs are connected to the IGWs using multi-hop communication. The IGWs provide access to conventional clients and interconnect ad hoc, sensor, cellular, and other networks to the Internet. However, most of the existing routing protocols for WMNs are extensions of protocols originally designed for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and thus they perform sub-optimally. Moreover, most routing protocols for WMNs are designed without security issues in mind, where the nodes are all assumed to be honest. In practical deployment scenarios, this assumption does not hold. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of security issues in WMNs and then particularly focuses on secure routing in these networks. First, it identifies security vulnerabilities in the medium access control (MAC) and the network layers. Various possibilities of compromising data confidentiality, data integrity, replay attacks and offline cryptanalysis are also discussed. Then various types of attacks in the MAC and the network layers are discussed. After enumerating the various types of attacks on the MAC and the network layer, the chapter briefly discusses on some of the preventive mechanisms for these attacks.
description: 44 pages, 17 figures, 5 tables