cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: КИНЕМАТОГРАФИЧЕСКАЯ ЭКСПРЕССИЯ В МАНГЕ ОСАМУ ТЭДЗУКИ «ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЕ И НАКАЗАНИЕ»
Creators: name: Ванюшкина, Ольга
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: В современном мире японские комиксы (манга) являются важной частью индустрии развлечений и играют огромное значение в японской и мировой культуре. Особое место занимают графические адаптации произведений литературы, которые используют законы визуализации и характеризуются высокой степенью кинематографичности. В адаптации романа Ф. М. Достоевского «Преступление и наказание» Осаму Тэдзука применение приемов и техник из области киноискусства позволяет многократно усилить эффект восприятия сцен, основываясь исключительно на средствах визуализации. Графическая адаптация романа, как правило, ведет к упрощению образов героев, к изменению сюжетной линии, что в итоге серьезно упрощает, обедняет идею произведения. Но усиление кинематографичности позволяет Осаму Тэдзуке сохранить эмоциональную составляющую при создании образа персонажа, повысить динамичность и выразительность произведения.
Black Hole Binaries in Quiescence
Creators: name: Bailyn, Charles D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss some of what is known and unknown about the behavior of black hole binary systems in the quiescent accretion state. Quiescence is important for several reasons: 1) the dominance of the companion star in the optical and IR wavelengths allows the binary parameters to be robustly determined - as an example, we argue that the longer proposed distance to the X-ray source GRO J1655-40 is correct; 2) quiescence represents the limiting case of an extremely low accretion rate, in which both accretion and jets can be observed; 3) understanding the evolution and duration of the quiescent state is a key factor in determining the overall demographics of X-rary binaries, which has taken on a new importance in the era of gravitational wave astronomy.
description: 4 pages. To be published in Proceedings of IAU Symposium #324 "Frontiers of Black Hole Physics"
Presumptive Reasoning in a Paraconsistent Setting
Creators: name: Frittella, Sabine
name: Kozhemiachenko, Daniil
name: Verheij, Bart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We explore presumptive reasoning in the paraconsistent case. Specifically, we provide semantics for non-trivial reasoning with presumptive arguments with contradictory assumptions or conclusions. We adapt the case models proposed by Verheij and define the paraconsistent analogues of the three types of validity defined therein: coherent, presumptively valid, and conclusive ones. To formalise the reasoning, we define case models that use the expansion of the Belnap-Dunn logic with the Baaz Delta operator. We also show how to recover presumptive reasoning in the original, classical context from our paraconsistent version of case models. Finally, we construct a two-layered logic and obtain a faithful translation of presumptive arguments into formulas.
description: In Proceedings TARK 2023, arXiv:2307.04005
Electric and magnetic multipoles and bond orders in excitonic insulators
Creators: name: Kaneko, Tatsuya
name: Ohta, Yukinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the charge and spin density distributions of excitonic insulator (EI) states in the tight-binding approximation. We first discuss the charge and spin densities of the EI states when the valence and conduction bands are composed of orthogonal orbitals in a single atom. We show that the anisotropic charge or spin density distribution occurs in a unit cell (or atom) and a higher rank electric or magnetic multipole moment becomes finite, indicating that the EI state corresponds to the multipole order. A full description of the multipole moments for the $s$, $p$, and $d$ orbitals is then given in general. We find that, in contrast to the conventional density-wave states, the modulation of the total charge or net magnetization does not appear in this case. However, when the conduction and valence bands include the component of the same orbital, the modulation of the total charge or net magnetization appears, as in the conventional density-wave state. We also discuss the electron density distribution in the EI state when the valence and conduction bands are composed of orbitals located in different atoms. We show that the excitonic ordering in this case corresponds to the bond order formation. Based on the results thus obtained we discuss the EI states of real materials recently reported.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Model checkpoints for "Outlier-Aware Training for Improving Group Accuracy Disparities"
Creators: name: Li-Kuang Chen
name: Canasai Kruengkrai
name: Yamagishi, Junichi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This is the collection of model checkpoints (as well as example outputs and data) for reproducing the experiments in "Outlier-Aware Training for Improving Group Accuracy Disparities". Our code is available at: https://github.com/nii-yamagishilab/jtt-m.
Evaluation of the Design and Implementation of Decentralized Billing System Project and its Impact on Change Management Process. A Case Study of Eepco.
Creators: name: Teklehaimanot, Solomon
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2007

description: The intention of any change is to move an organization from its current state to a more desirable state. However, pursuing change and transforming organizations is hard work. Many change initiatives fail because either culture does not ready to accept change or the change process was not administrated properly. Some successful Corporations like EEPCO, may fail in some aspect of their change management process. Change can be emanated due to external environment pressure, Regulatory environment, business objective (goals, strategies, and requirements), result of audit or risk assessment, operational problem or change in performance or capacity requirements. The main issue is the change must be addressed and managed effectively. This paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of the design and implementation of EEPCO's billing system. The study focuses on the effort made to identify the problem and design an effective billing system and the implementation of the designed system to change the old IBM based AS/400 system. The problems associated with this change process and the reaction from responsible bodies was assessed. This study identifies that; there were problems in the change management of the case under consideration. It was suggested that to tackle the identified problems and to purse additional changes management should take corrective action promptly. This may enable change to be understood as a continuous phenomenon. I believe that, the paper will not adequately address all the problems of the change process of the billing project. However, the paper will trigger the sluggish management to reconsider the problems and to put some influences to create sense of urgency to act as energetic leader to overcome the problems.
Chiral magnetism of magnetic adatoms generated by Rashba electrons
Creators: name: Bouaziz, Juba
name: Dias, Manuel dos Santos
name: Ziane, Abdelhamid
name: Benakki, Mouloud
name: Blügel, Stefan
name: Lounis, Samir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate long-range chiral magnetic interactions among adatoms mediated by surface states spin-splitted by spin-orbit coupling. Using the Rashba model, the tensor of exchange interactions is extracted wherein a pseudo-dipolar interaction is found besides the usual isotropic exchange interaction and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. We find that, despite the latter interaction, collinear magnetic states can still be stabilized by the pseudo-dipolar interaction. The inter-adatom distance controls the strength of these terms, which we exploit to design chiral magnetism in Fe nanostructures deposited on Au(111) surface. We demonstrate that these magnetic interactions are related to superpositions of the out-of-plane and in-plane components of the skyrmionic magnetic waves induced by the adatoms in the surrounding electron gas. We show that, even if the inter-atomic distance is large, the size and shape of the nanostructures dramatically impacts on the strength of the magnetic interactions, thereby affecting the magnetic ground state. We also derive an appealing connection between the isotropic exchange interaction and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, which relates the latter to the first order change of the former with respect to the spin-orbit coupling. This implies that the chirality defined by the direction of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya vector is driven by the variation of the isotropic exchange interaction due to the spin-orbit interaction.
Comparison of biogas productivity of calabash waste mixed in selected ratios with sheep and donkey dungs
Creators: name: Admasie, Moges
name: Temesgen, Tewabech
name: Kebede, Fasika
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2022

description: Anaerobic digestion process is one of the non-thermal technologies of energy recovery to meet the ever-growing energy demand of rural areas in developing countries, particularly Ethiopia, in a green way. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness and performance characteristics of anaerobic digestion of calabash waste mixed in selected ratios with donkey and sheep dung for biogas production. Production of biogas from calabash waste, mixed with donkey and sheep dung in ratios 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 by mass, was investigated in a 45 L plastic container using a retention period of 20 days and within the mesophilic temperature range. The average biogas yield was significantly (P≤ 0.05) influenced by the different mixing ratios of calabash waste with dung. The composition of gas generated from each ratio ranged (from 67.41-63.81)% CH4, (33.00-26.01)%, CO2, (1.06-0.40)% CO, (3.00-0.07)% H2O, (0.06-0.02)% NH4,(0.90-0.05)% N, (0.72-0.02)% H, (0.98-0.09) % O2, and (0.006-0.001) % H2S. The average biogas yield was 13.5, 11.6, 10.7, and 7.8L respectively for 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 mixing ratios when calabash waste was mixed with sheep dung. On mixing calabash waste with donkey dung, the average biogas yield increased to 16.2, 15.5, 12.6, and 9.8L respectively for 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 mixing ratios. The results show that mixing both dungs with calabash waste in a ratio of 1:1 by mass-produced the highest biogas volumes, and higher in donkey dung. The reason behind this is that higher mixing ratios meant a higher quantity of waste in the mixture which also implied increased lignin content, and this made digestion activities more difficult for the microbes. Reduction in digestion activities of the methanogen bacteria resulted in lower biogas yield. The result of the present study has shown that anaerobic digestion from calabash waste, mixed with donkey and sheep dung in ratios 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 by mass can form a renewable energy that is comfortable and environmentally friendly. This energy production process is found to be an easy way of replacing fossil fuels.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol 10 No 1 (2023): EJSSD
Two orders of magnitude reduction in silicon membrane thermal conductivity by resonance hybridizations
Creators: name: Honarvar, Hossein
name: Hussein, Mahmoud I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal conductivity of a freestanding single-crystal silicon membrane may be reduced significantly by attaching nanoscale pillars on one or both surfaces. Atomic resonances of the nanopillars locally and intrinsically couple with the base membrane phonon modes causing these modes to hybridize and flatten at each coupling location in the phonon band structure. The ensuing group velocity reductions, which in principle may be tuned to take place across silicon's full spectrum, lead to a lowering of the in-plane thermal conductivity in the base membrane. Using equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, we report a staggering two orders of magnitude reduction in the thermal conductivity at room temperature by this mechanism.
description: Labeling arrows corrected in Fig. 3d; manuscript is submitted for journal publication
The connection between redox state and stationary phase entry in Caulobacter crescentus
Creators: name: Mulla, Sarah
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Caulobacter is a Gram-negative bacteria taking a crescent shape. Some unique features of this organism are its dimorphic life cycle and its stalk possession. This bacterium is known to inhabit various environments, including those with poor nutrients. As an adaptive response to nutrient limitation, they elongate their stalk many times their body cell length to increase their body surface area for more nutrient uptake. Phosphate starvation is one condition that triggers stalk elongation in Caulobacter. However, as reported in a previous study, a mutation in a sugar-phosphate metabolic gene named manA caused a defect in stalk elongation regardless of the phosphate concentration. Furthermore, this mutant strain failed to go into stationary phase. To understand the connection between sugar-phosphate metabolism, stationary phase, and stalk elongation, we hypothesized a role for the SpdS/SpdR two-component system in sensing redox state via cysteine residues. We speculated that redox signaling regulates stationary phase genes to allow cells to undergo stationary phase successfully, enabling cells to elongate their stalks. To test this hypothesis, we constructed an spdS-KO strain and complemented it with cysteine single and double mutations. The results presented here disprove our hypothesis.
A Sufficient Condition for Gaining Belief in Byzantine Fault-Tolerant Distributed Systems
Creators: name: Schlögl, Thomas
name: Schmid, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing protocols for byzantine fault tolerant distributed systems usually rely on the correct agents' ability to detect faulty agents and/or to detect the occurrence of some event or action on some correct agent. In this paper, we provide sufficient conditions that allow an agent to infer the appropriate beliefs from its history, and a procedure that allows these conditions to be checked in finite time. Our results thus provide essential stepping stones for developing efficient protocols and proving them correct.
description: In Proceedings TARK 2023, arXiv:2307.04005
Changes in the chemical components of eucalypt woods during kraft pulping
Creators: name: Chan., Felisa D.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Towards the precision measurement of CP violation in $B\to D^{\ast}μν$ decays at LHCb
Creators: name: Dedu, Vlad
name: Poluektov, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurement of $CP$-violating observables in semileptonic decays is a sensitive null-test of the Standard Model: any $CP$ violation would be an unambiguous sign of New Physics effects. The model-independent technique to measure parity and $CP$-odd observables in the $B\to D^{\ast}μν$ decays is proposed, which effectively cancels out parity-even terms in the decay density together with the associated theory uncertainty. The feasibility study is performed with pseudoexperiments, and the sensitivity at the LHCb experiment is estimated. Finally, the most significant systematic effects and the data-driven ways to control them are considered.
Poverty and Farmers' Attitude towards Risk: Evidence from Hawzen Woreda, Tigray, Ethiopia.
Creators: name: Abreha, Kidanemariam
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2011

description: This study focuses on the link between farmers" attitude towards risk and poverty while adopting fertilizer input. The starting point is the safety first model of Moscardi and de Janvry who found some associations of socioeconomic variables to risk. The multi stage random sampling method is used to select both sample areas and respondents. A total of 120 respondents from four "Tabias" each having 30 respondents were used for the analysis. Based on the safety first model individuals were categorized according to their risk attitude- risk lover, risk neutral, and risk averse. We found that 57 and 63 farmers are risk lovers and risk neutral respectively. Result from the multivariate regression shows that high yield variety seeds, proportion of wheat farm to total farm size, and proportion of wheat income to total income have a negative statistically significant effect. On the other hand, source of finance significantly affects risk attitude positively. However, poverty has no significant effect on it. The study argues, therefore, that investment on developing high yield varieties and timely dissemination are important. On top of this, with the increasing population pressure, it is recommending to design policies that reduce dependence on agriculture. Key words: Safety First Model, FGT, Multivariate regression, Poverty, Risk, Hawzen, Tigray
The Relation between AI and Time: Call for opinion pieces
Creators: name: Goffi, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Philosophy of science (excl. history and philosophy of specific fields)
Metaphysics
Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified
Sociology and social studies of science and technology
Building science, technologies and systems

description: Call for opinion pieces on The Relation between AI and Time by the Global AI Ethics Institute.
A Study on Behaviour Intention of Online Share Traders, with a Special Reference to Coimbatore City
Creators: name: Abhinandana M, Dr.P.Syamsundar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This study analyses the behaviour intention of online share traders in Coimbatore, focusing on keyfactors influencing their decision to engage in online trading. It examines demographic variables like age,education, and income, alongside perceived risks and security concerns. A quantitative research approachusing a structured questionnaire reveals that most traders are aged 21-30, predominantly male, withmoderate income and private-sector employment. They primarily use mobile platforms and possessmoderate trading experience. Interestingly, demographic factors like age, gender, income, occupation, andeducation level do not significantly impact traders’ behaviour intention. The study offers valuable insightsfor financial institutions, platform developers, and policymakers to improve online trading platforms andremove potential barriers, while contributing to existing research on online trading behaviour.
Close encounters of black hole - star binaries with stellar-mass black holes
Creators: name: Ryu, Taeho
name: Valli, Ruggero
name: Pakmor, Rudiger
name: Perna, Rosalba
name: de Mink, Selma E.
name: Springel, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical interactions involving binaries play a crucial role in the evolution of star clusters and galaxies. We continue our investigation of the hydrodynamics of three-body encounters, focusing on binary black hole (BBH) formation, stellar disruption, and electromagnetic (EM) emission in dynamical interactions between a BH-star binary and a stellar-mass BH, using the moving-mesh hydrodynamics code {\small AREPO}. This type of encounters can be divided into two classes depending on whether the final outcome includes BBHs. This outcome is primarily determined by which two objects meet at the first closest approach. BBHs are more likely to form when the star and the incoming BH encounter first with an impact parameter smaller than the binary's semimajor axis. In this case, the star is frequently disrupted. On the other hand, when the two BHs encounter first, frequent consequences are an orbit perturbation of the original binary or a binary member exchange. For the parameters chosen in this study, BBH formation, accompanied by stellar disruption, happens in roughly 1 out of 4 encounters. The close correlation between BBH formation and stellar disruption has possible implications for EM counterparts at the binary's merger. The BH that disrupts the star is promptly surrounded by an optically and geometrically thick disk with accretion rates exceeding the Eddington limit. If the debris disk cools fast enough to become long-lived, EM counterparts can be produced at the time of the BBH merger.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, 2 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS, movie here: https://studio.youtube.com/playlist/PLxLK3qI02cQfXhvhRZp9gkvts_E46t0kH/videos
Critical adsorption of polyelectrolytes onto planar and convex highly charged surfaces: the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann approach
Creators: name: de Carvalho, Sidney J.
name: Metzler, Ralf
name: Cherstvy, Andrey G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the adsorption-desorption transition of polyelectrolyte chains onto planar, cylindrical and spherical surfaces with arbitrarily high surface charge densities by massive Monte Carlo computer simulations. We examine in detail how the well known scaling relations for the threshold transition-demarcating the adsorbed and desorbed domains of a polyelectrolyte near weakly charged surfaces-are altered for highly charged interfaces. In virtue of high surface potentials and large surface charge densities, the Debye-Hueckel approximation is often not feasible and the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann approach should be implemented. At low salt conditions, for instance, the electrostatic potential from the nonlinear Poisson--Boltzmann equation is smaller than the Debye-Hueckel result, such that the required critical surface charge density for polyelectrolyte adsorption $σ_c$ increases. The nonlinear relation between the surface charge density and electrostatic potential leads to a sharply increasing critical surface charge density with growing ionic strength, imposing an additional limit to the critical salt concentration above which no polyelectrolyte adsorption occurs at all. We contrast our simulations findings with the known scaling results for weak critical polyelectrolyte adsorption onto oppositely charged surfaces for the three standard geometries. Finally, we discuss some applications of our results for some physical-chemical and biophysical systems.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, RevTeX
Can Risk Assessment Tools Produce Fair Outcomes in an Unfair Society?
Creators: name: Brandtly Jones,
name: Diaz-Rivera, Jose
name: Tang, Eric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: UVA MSDS 2023

description: Pretrial detention depends on weighing an unconvicted defendant’s right to freedom against the risk that defendant poses to the community. The prediction of future criminal activ- ity lies at the heart of the justification of pretrial detention; however, both intuition and data suggest that such a predic- tion is difficult and prone to subjective bias. Using data from the 2018 Virginia Pretrial Data Project, we attempt to predict new violent criminal arrest using a variety of machine learning methods, and we compare our results with predic- tions from a far simpler tool, the Public Safety Assessment (PSA) from Arnold Ventures. We further explore alternative frameworks for algorithmic fairness when using these models as risk assessment tools and demonstrate inherent tradeoffs in competing definitions of fairness. We show that while the PSA does pass certain thresholds for algorithmic fairness, the implications of the competing definitions may not be evident to decision-makers. Our study emphasizes the current limitations of using risk assessment tools for pretrial decision-making and highlights the need for a multidisci- plinary approach that considers alternatives to detention to protect public safety and respect the rights of defendants. The results of this study contribute to the ongoing discourse on the role of data-driven tools in the criminal justice system and underscore the need for comprehensive approaches to address systemic inequalities.
Characteristics of Interlayer Tunneling Field Effect Transistors Computed by a "DFT-Bardeen" Method
Creators: name: Li, Jun
name: Nie, Yifan
name: Cho, Kyeongjae
name: Feenstra, Randall M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical predictions are made for the current-voltage characteristics of two-dimensional heterojunction interlayer tunneling field-effect transistors (Thin-TFETs), focusing on the magnitude of the current that is achievable in such devices. A theory based on the Bardeen tunneling method is employed, using wavefunctions from first-principles density-functional theory. This method permits convenient incorporation of differing materials into the source and drain electrodes, i.e. with different crystal structures, lattice constants, and/or band structures. Large variations in the tunnel currents are found, depending on the particular two-dimensional materials used for the source and drain electrodes. Tunneling between states derived from the center (Gamma-point) of the Brillouin zone (BZ) is found, in general, to lead to larger current than for zone-edge (e.g. K-point) states. Differences, as large as an order of magnitude, between the present results and various prior predictions are discussed. Predicted values for the tunneling currents, including subthreshold swing, are compared with benchmark values for low-power digital applications. Contact resistance is considered and its effect on the tunneling currents is demonstrated.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
Surveillance & intervention : collaboration between a robot & fixed cameras
Creators: name: Chakravarty., Punarjay
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Terahertz reconfigurable multi-functional metamaterials based on 3D printed mortise-tenon structures
Creators: name: Yu, Bo
name: Yin, Lesiqi
name: Wang, Peng
name: Gong, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence of metamaterial has provided an unprecedented ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves, especially in the terahertz band where there is a lack of natural response materials. However, most metamaterials are fixed single function due to the fixed structure at the beginning of design. The paper reports a reconfigurable multi-functional terahertz metamaterial with variable structures based on mortise and tenon mechanism. And a hybrid 3D printing method based on FDM and E-jet is proposed to fabricate the metamaterials, which simplifies the processing process, improves the speed, and reduces the cost compared to traditional semiconductor processing methods. Through flexible mortise and tenon connections, the metamaterial can achieve: (1) narrowband transmission and broadband absorption; (2) perfect reflection; (3) narrowband reflection and broadband absorption. Relying on ingenious design and processing, the multi-functional metamaterials are expected to be widely used in fields such as electromagnetic shielding, radar stealth, communication and so on.
Shrinkage behaviour of cementitiously stabilised crushed basaltic rocks as applicable to pavement rehabilitation
Creators: name: Chakrabarti., Srijib
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Generation of unipolar pulses in a circular Raman-active medium excited by few-cycle optical pulses
Creators: name: Arkhipov, R. M.
name: Arkhipov, M. V.
name: Babushkin, I.
name: Pakhomov, A. V.
name: Tolmachev, Yu. A.
name: Rosanov, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically a new possibility of unipolar pulses generation in Raman-active medium excited by a series of few-cycle optical pulses. We consider the case when the Raman-active particles are uniformly distributed along the circle, and demonstrate a possibility to obtain a unipolar rectangular video pulses with an arbitrarily long duration, ranging from a minimum value equal to the natural period of the low frequency vibrations in the Raman-active medium.
The Role of Health Capital Stock to Economic Growth In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Dynamic Panel Data Approach
Creators: name: Ambachew, Abebe
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2010

description: There are considerable differences in income per capita and output per worker across countries of the world. The original Neo- classical growth model was not able to explain such income differences. Most of the works aimed at augmenting this model by including human capital focus on education only. Little has been done in modeling stock of health capital as a determinant of economic growth and so far empirical evidences of this area are not able to come up with conclusive results regarding the health-wealth nexus. Some evidences support the view that 'health is wealth' while others contradict this and argue in support of the negative relationship; and we see some countries with better growth/development but with unfavorable health indicators and vice versa that makes the relationship less clear and calls for further research. Methodological shortcomings are mostly viewed as an important reason for inconsistent and inconclusive results in addressing the problem. Solving the endogeneity of health is the notable problem in this respect. In this study, therefore, we tried to explicitly model the role of health human capital in economic growth of sub-Saharan African countries in which we included both health and education variables to augment the Neo-classical growth model. We used two data sources, the World Development Indicators 2008-09(WDI) and the Penn World Table (PWT) Version 6.3, to construct alternative panel datasets. Our dynamic panel data model was estimated by using the System and Difference Generalized Methods of Momentum (system GMM and difference GMM) that account the endogeneity of health and other regressors. The result reveals that health human capital (proxied by life expectancy at birth and infant mortality rate) positively and significantly affects economic growth of sub-Saharan Africa while the effect of education was found to be positive but insignificant. This finding has a policy implication that investing in health and improving health conditions helps countries accelerate their economic growth and reduce the existing poverty.
Characterization of Home-Made and Industrially Produced Niger Seed Oils by Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Wordefa, Alemu Kebede
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2022

description: Home-made and industrially produced Niger seed oils were characterized by a fluorescence spectrometer to analyze the impact of the industrial process on the physical and chemical properties of the oil. The excitation wavelength was varied from 350 nm–380 nm with an incremental step of 10 nm, and the slit width was kept at 5 nm. Experimental results indicated that the major components in oil samples (home-made, unrefined, and refined industrially produced) were Vitamin E, Poly-unsaturated fatty acid, and Chlorophyll. Emission spectra recorded in the range of band between 400 nm – 500 nm were related to Poly-unsaturated fatty acids; those spectra recorded in the range of band between 500 nm-550 nm with a peak around 548 nm belong to vitamins E; and the band of emission wavelength between 650 nm – 725 nm were due to Chlorophyll. It was also observed that the refined oil had a very small vitamin E peak. This could be associated with the heating process of refining, as vitamin E is heat-unstable. Moreover, the emergence of new peaks in the spectra of the refined oil between 400 nm – 450 nm was due to fat-soluble vitamins and lipids that emerge as a result of oxidative reaction during the heating process. Moreover, an increase in excitation wavelength also resulted in a blue shift of the emission spectra. This was because of the presence of more than one fluorophore (luminophore) in the molecule. The calculated quantum yield of the fluorescence of the sample/un-purified was 0.01042, which is a 10% reduction compared to the purified oil. An increase in pH values also resulted in a decrease in fluorescence intensity and vice-versa.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol 10 No 1 (2023): EJSSD
Rotation in Event Horizon Telescope Movies
Creators: name: Conroy, Nicholas S.
name: Bauböck, Michi
name: Dhruv, Vedant
name: Lee, Daeyoung
name: Broderick, Avery E.
name: Chan, Chi-kwan
name: Georgiev, Boris
name: Joshi, Abhishek V.
name: Prather, Ben
name: Gammie, Charles F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has produced images of M87* and Sagittarius A*, and will soon produce time sequences of images, or movies. In anticipation of this, we describe a technique to measure the rotation rate, or pattern speed $Ω_p$, from movies using an autocorrelation technique. We validate the technique on Gaussian random field models with a known rotation rate and apply it to a library of synthetic images of Sgr A* based on general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations. We predict that EHT movies will have $Ω_p \approx 1^\circ$ per $GMc^{-3}$, which is of order $15\%$ of the Keplerian orbital frequency in the emitting region. We can plausibly attribute the slow rotation seen in our models to the pattern speed of inward-propagating spiral shocks. We also find that $Ω_p$ depends strongly on inclination. Application of this technique will enable us to compare future EHT movies with the clockwise rotation of Sgr A* seen in near-infrared flares by GRAVITY. Pattern speed analysis of future EHT observations of M87* and Sgr A* may also provide novel constraints on black hole inclination and spin, as well as an independent measurement of black hole mass.
Challenges on Interest Free Banking Services: The Case of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Ali, Kerima
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: The main objective of this study is to empirically examine challenges on Interest free banking services in Ethiopia with particular reference to the commercial bank of Ethiopia. The study has employed descriptive research based on survey and the data are of cross sectional type. The study has used both primary and secondary data which are quantitative and qualitative in nature and have been collected through structured and semi structured questionnaire and interview. A total of 485 sample respondents were taken through multistage sampling. Of the total sample interest free banking customers and staffs of the bank constitutes 383 and 102 respectively. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean, frequency and percentage using SPSS version 20 software. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, this research has found out the challenges to IFB services as: lack of commitment of the bank, lack of Shariah advisor, lack of supportive regulatory directives , Problem related to Ethiopian Commodity Exchange (ECX) law, lack of capacity to deliver IFB product at full rage, lack of awareness of customer about IFB products, lack of trust and confidence of customers, inadequate marketing and promotion, double taxation, nature of IFB products, unavailability of IFB products in all of its branches and the IFB being delivered in a Window model. Accordingly, the following recommendations were forwarded by the researcher based on the results of the findings in conjunction with literature review reflections: aggressive promotion and marketing campaign about IFB products, provide sustainable and continuous training to build the capacity of the manpower, the bank shall increase accessibility of its products with the expected services attached to the products, the bank has to have Shariah advisor, give the required attention and focus for the business and the bank has to be transparent in its IFB business undertaking, in addition to these NBE directives, tax and ECX law shall include exceptions for IFB business undertaking
Microstructural evolution and phase transformations in sialon ceramics during post-sintering heat treatment
Creators: name: Carman., Andrew
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Towards efficient orbital-dependent density functionals for weak and strong correlation
Creators: name: Zhang, Igor Ying
name: Rinke, Patrick
name: Perdew, John P.
name: Scheffler, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new paradigm for the design of exchange-correlation functionals in density-functional theory. Electron pairs are correlated explicitly by means of the recently developed second order Bethe-Goldstone equation (BGE2) approach. Here we propose a screened BGE2 (sBGE2) variant that efficiently regulates the coupling of a given electron pair. sBGE2 correctly dissociates H$_2$ and H$_2^+$, a problem that has been regarded as a great challenge in density-functional theory for a long time. The sBGE2 functional is then taken as a building block for an orbital-dependent functional, termed ZRPS, which is a natural extension of the PBE0 hybrid functional. While worsening the good performance of sBGE2 in H$_2$ and H$_2^{+}$, ZRPS yields a remarkable and consistent improvement over other density functionals across various chemical environments from weak to strong correlation.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Comparative report on innovative practices. A cross-country analysis of innovative strategies against exclusionary discourses
Creators: name: Rheindorf, Markus
name: Vollmer, Bastian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: campaigns
narrative success
exclusionary narratives
civil society organisations
alternative narratives
Germany
Italy
Spain
comparative

description: Based on three national reports presenting the findings on innovative strategies against exclusionary narratives developed by civil society organisations or NGOs in Germany, Italy and Spain, respectively, this comparative report brings together key findings from the national contexts, compares crucial insights, and draws conclusions that, ultimately, also feed into recommendations and guidelines for future campaigns in the form of a toolkit. In doing so, it focuses on seven comparative nodes centred on narrative success, namely context; goals, objectives and ambitions; main activities and strategies; countering the securitisation of borders; actors; agency and positionality. A key finding is that mobilising, combining or bundling forces, if undertaken with a keen understanding of the political and societal context, can be a decisive factor in success and even open up political stalemates or highly polarised debates. Similarly, bottom-up organising and mobilising can be an effective way to communicate directly and successfully with intended audiences, when combined with top-down coordination. Third, we find that windows of opportunity as well as perseverance or resilience are crucial to the narrative success of civil society organisations and NGOs working in the field of migration. Our findings moreover show that initiatives active in the field of migration, public debate and policy-making are not typically professional narrative makers and do not see building alternative narratives or counter-narratives and disseminating them as central to their operations. Indeed, narratives often emerge from the initiatives’ activities almost as a by-product. Fifth, we note that pluralist societies and their public discourses benefit from the diversification of narratives, the alternatives and challenges to hegemonic discourse. The toolkit developed to embrace these lessons learned shows how research may help future campaigns to contribute to pluralistic discourses across Europe.
T-square dependence of the electronic thermal resistivity in metallic strontium titanate
Creators: name: Jiang, Shan
name: Fauqué, Benoît
name: Behnia, Kamran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature dependence of the phase space for electron-electron (e-e) collisions leads to a T-square contribution to electrical resistivity of metals. Umklapp scattering are identified as the origin of momentum loss due to e-e scattering in dense metals. However, in dilute metals like lightly doped strontium titanate, the origin of T-square electrical resistivity in absence of Umklapp events is yet to be pinned down. Here, by separating electron and phonon contributions to heat transport, we extract the electronic thermal resistivity in niobium-doped strontium titanate and show that it also displays a T-square temperature dependence. Its amplitude correlates with the T-square electrical resistivity. The Wiedemann-Franz law strictly holds in the zero-temperature limit, but not at finite-temperature, because the two T-square prefactors are different by a factor of $\approx 3$, like in other Fermi liquids. Recalling the case of $^3$He, we argue that T-square thermal resistivity does not require Umklapp events. The approximate recovery of the Wiedemann-Franz law in presence of disorder would account for a T-square electrical resistivity without Umklapp.
A family of total Lagrangian Petrov-Galerkin Cosserat rod finite element formulations
Creators: name: Eugster, Simon R.
name: Harsch, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard in rod finite element formulations is the Bubnov-Galerkin projection method, where the test functions arise from a consistent variation of the ansatz functions. This approach becomes increasingly complex when highly nonlinear ansatz functions are chosen to approximate the rod's centerline and cross-section orientations. Using a Petrov-Galerkin projection method, we propose a whole family of rod finite element formulations where the nodal generalized virtual displacements and generalized velocities are interpolated instead of using the consistent variations and time derivatives of the ansatz functions. This approach leads to a significant simplification of the expressions in the discrete virtual work functionals. In addition, independent strategies can be chosen for interpolating the nodal centerline points and cross-section orientations. We discuss three objective interpolation strategies and give an in-depth analysis concerning locking and convergence behavior for the whole family of rod finite element formulations.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2301.05595
Tunneling spectra of impurity states in unconventional superconductors
Creators: name: Sukhachov, P. O.
name: von Oppen, Felix
name: Glazman, L. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of the Bloch functions and superconducting gap symmetries on the formation and properties of impurity-induced resonances in a two-dimensional superconductor, and elucidate their manifestation in scanning tunneling spectra. We use and extend a recently developed scattering approach, conveniently formulating the results in terms of the phase shifts of electron scattering off the impurity. We find that the discrete subgap states in a nodeless-gap superconductor are insensitive to the potential scattering phase shift (common for the two spin species) if time-reversal symmetry (TRS) is preserved. The independence of potential scattering is exact for $s$-wave superconductors. It remains an accurate approximation over a broad range of subgap energies when the gap function breaks the lattice point symmetry, except for a narrow region below the gap edge. Breaking of TRS makes potential scattering capable of creating spin-degenerate subgap states, which may be further split by spin-dependent scattering. In nodal-gap superconductors, impurity-induced resonances are broadened by coupling to the quasiparticle continuum. We identify the conditions allowing for the formation of narrow resonances. In addition to finding the energy spectrum, we evaluate the spin-resolved differential conductance for all of the considered symmetries and gap structures.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures; published version
Anomalous diffusion in time-fluctuating non-stationary diffusivity landscapes
Creators: name: Cherstvy, A. G.
name: Metzler, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ensemble and time averaged mean squared displacements for particle diffusion in a simple model for disordered media by assuming that the local diffusivity is both fluctuating in time and has a deterministic average growth or decay in time. In this study we compare computer simulations of the stochastic Langevin equation for this random diffusion process with analytical results. We explore the regimes of normal Brownian motion as well as anomalous diffusion in the sub- and superdiffusive regimes. We also consider effects of the inertial term on the particle motion. The investigation of the resulting diffusion is performed for unconfined and confined motion.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, RevTeX