cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Numerical Study on the Weak Galerkin Method for the Helmholtz Equation
Creators: name: Mu, Lin
name: Wang, Junping
name: Ye, Xiu
name: Zhao, Shan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary, 65N15, 65N30, 76D07, Secondary, 35B45, 35J50

description: A weak Galerkin (WG) method is introduced and numerically tested for the Helmholtz equation. This method is flexible by using discontinuous piecewise polynomials and retains the mass conservation property. At the same time, the WG finite element formulation is symmetric and parameter free. Several test scenarios are designed for a numerical investigation on the accuracy, convergence, and robustness of the WG method in both inhomogeneous and homogeneous media over convex and non-convex domains. Challenging problems with high wave numbers are also examined. Our numerical experiments indicate that the weak Galerkin is a finite element technique that is easy to implement, and provides very accurate and robust numerical solutions for the Helmholtz problem with high wave numbers.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1111.0671
Perturbed Message Passing for Constraint Satisfaction Problems
Creators: name: Ravanbakhsh, Siamak
name: Greiner, Russell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce an efficient message passing scheme for solving Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs), which uses stochastic perturbation of Belief Propagation (BP) and Survey Propagation (SP) messages to bypass decimation and directly produce a single satisfying assignment. Our first CSP solver, called Perturbed Blief Propagation, smoothly interpolates two well-known inference procedures; it starts as BP and ends as a Gibbs sampler, which produces a single sample from the set of solutions. Moreover we apply a similar perturbation scheme to SP to produce another CSP solver, Perturbed Survey Propagation. Experimental results on random and real-world CSPs show that Perturbed BP is often more successful and at the same time tens to hundreds of times more efficient than standard BP guided decimation. Perturbed BP also compares favorably with state-of-the-art SP-guided decimation, which has a computational complexity that generally scales exponentially worse than our method (wrt the cardinality of variable domains and constraints). Furthermore, our experiments with random satisfiability and coloring problems demonstrate that Perturbed SP can outperform SP-guided decimation, making it the best incomplete random CSP-solver in difficult regimes.
Intrinsic anomalous Hall effect in altermagnets
Creators: name: Attias, Lotan
name: Levchenko, Alex
name: Khodas, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the anomalous Hall effect arising from the altermagnetic order and spin-orbit interaction in doped FeSb$_2$. To investigate the anomalous transport, we have constructed a tight-binding model of FeSb$_2$. We separately considered the constraints imposed on the model parameters by the spin symmetry group and magnetic symmetry group at zero and finite spin-orbit interaction, respectively. The resulting model includes the effect of exchange splitting and is applicable at both zero and finite spin-orbit interaction. In the case of spin symmetry, the analysis covers the spin-only subgroup arising from collinear magnetism, as well as non-trivial symmetry elements. This allows us to explore changes in the hopping amplitudes as symmetry is reduced by spin-orbit interaction from the spin group to the magnetic group. While the anomalous Hall effect is forbidden by spin symmetry, it is allowed by the symmetries of the magnetic group. The intrinsic Hall conductivity is shown to vanish linearly with spin-orbit interaction. This non-analytic behavior is universal to altermagnets. It originates from the singularity of the Berry curvature localized along lines on a Fermi surface confined to symmetry planes. These planes host spin degeneracy protected by spin symmetry, which is lifted by spin-orbit interaction.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Quarkonium measurements in Pb-Pb and p-Pb collisions with ALICE at the LHC
Creators: name: Manceau, Loic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ALICE experiment has measured quarkonium production in Pb-Pb collisions at \sqrt{sNN} = 2.76 TeV and in p-Pb collisions at \sqrt{sNN} = 5.02 TeV. The measurements are performed in the dielectron de- cay channel at mid-rapidity (|yLAB| < 0.9) and in the dimuon decay channel at forward rapidity (2.5 < yLAB < 4). We focus in particular on the J/ψ nuclear modification factor measured both in Pb-Pb and p- -Pb collisions and on the Υ(1S) nuclear modification factor measured in Pb-Pb collisions.
Nanomechanical crystalline AlN resonators with high quality factors for quantum optoelectromechanics
Creators: name: Ciers, Anastasiia
name: Jung, Alexander
name: Ciers, Joachim
name: Nindito, Laurentius Radit
name: Pfeifer, Hannes
name: Dadgar, Armin
name: Strittmatter, Andre
name: Wieczorek, Witlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-\Qm{} mechanical resonators are crucial for applications where low noise and long coherence time are required, as mirror suspensions, quantum cavity optomechanical devices, or nanomechanical sensors. Tensile strain in the material enables the use of dissipation dilution and strain engineering techniques, which increase the mechanical quality factor. These techniques have been employed for high-\Qm{} mechanical resonators made from amorphous materials and, recently, from crystalline materials such as InGaP, SiC, and Si. A strained crystalline film exhibiting substantial piezoelectricity expands the capability of high-\Qm{} nanomechanical resonators to directly utilize electronic degrees of freedom. In this work we realize nanomechanical resonators with \Qm{} up to $2.9\times 10^{7}$ made from tensile-strained \SI{290}{\nano\meter}-thick AlN, which is an epitaxially-grown crystalline material offering strong piezoelectricity. We demonstrate nanomechanical resonators that exploit dissipation dilution and strain engineering to reach a \Qf-product approaching $10^{13}$\,\SI{}{\hertz} at room temperature. We realize a novel resonator geometry, triangline, whose shape follows the Al-N bonds and offers a central pad that we pattern with a photonic crystal. This allows us to reach an optical reflectivity above 80\% for efficient coupling to out-of-plane light. The presented results pave the way for quantum optoelectromechanical devices at room temperature based on tensile-strained AlN.
A Ghost in Boötes: The Least Luminous Disrupted Dwarf Galaxy
Creators: name: Chandra, Vedant
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Caldwell, Nelson
name: Bonaca, Ana
name: Naidu, Rohan P.
name: Zaritsky, Dennis
name: Cargile, Phillip A.
name: Han, Jiwon Jesse
name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
name: Speagle, Joshua S.
name: Ting, Yuan-Sen
name: Woody, Turner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of Specter, a disrupted ultrafaint dwarf galaxy revealed by the H3 Spectroscopic Survey. We detected this structure via a pair of comoving metal-poor stars at a distance of 12.5 kpc, and further characterized it with Gaia astrometry and follow-up spectroscopy. Specter is a $25^\circ \times 1^\circ$ stream of stars that is entirely invisible until strict kinematic cuts are applied to remove the Galactic foreground. The spectroscopic members suggest a stellar age $τ\gtrsim 12$ Gyr and a mean metallicity $\langle\text{[Fe/H]}\rangle = -1.84_{-0.18}^{+0.16}$, with a significant intrinsic metallicity dispersion $σ_{ \text{[Fe/H]}} = 0.37_{-0.13}^{+0.21}$. We therefore argue that Specter is the disrupted remnant of an ancient dwarf galaxy. With an integrated luminosity $M_{\text{V}} \approx -2.6$, Specter is by far the least-luminous dwarf galaxy stream known. We estimate that dozens of similar streams are lurking below the detection threshold of current search techniques, and conclude that spectroscopic surveys offer a novel means to identify extremely low surface brightness structures.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures. Accepted to ApJ
Inflation with Massive Spin-2 Ghosts
Creators: name: Kubo, Jisuke
name: Kuntz, Jeffrey
name: Rezacek, Jonas
name: Saake, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a generic model of quadratic gravity coupled to a single scalar and investigate the effects of gravitational degrees of freedom on inflationary parameters. We find that quantum corrections arising from the massive spin-2 ghost generate significant contributions to the effective inflationary potential and allow for a realization of the spontaneous breakdown of global scale invariance without the need for additional scalar fields. We compute inflationary parameters, compare the resulting predictions to well-known inflationary models, and find that they fit well within the Planck and BICEP/Keck collaboration's constraints on inflation.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure, v2
KAMBAGʻALLIKNI QISQARTIRISHDA KICHIK BIZNES VA XUSUSIY TADBIRKORLIKNING ROʻLI
Creators: name: Juliboy oʻgʻli Oybek, SamISI, Bank ishi kafedrasi katta oʻqituvchisi Abdishukurov Bekzod Baxrom o'g'li SamISI talabasi Botirova Zarina Yunus qizi SamISI talabasi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Anotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada yurtimizda bugungi kunda olib borilayotgan iqtisodiyotni rivojlantirish va modernizatsiyalash, kambagʻallikni qisqartirishda kichik biznes va xususiy tadbirkorlikni roʻli mavzularda bir qator fikir va mulohazalar aytib oʻtilgan. Ana shu maqsadda mamlakatimizda koʻplab ishlar amalga oshirilmoqda. Xususan joriy yil boshida Prezidentimiz Shavkat Miromonovich Mirziyoyev raisligida kambagʻallikni qisqartirish, aholi bandligini ta'minlash va kichik biznesni qoʻllab-quvvatlash boʻyicha vidioselektir yigʻilishi oʻtkazildi. Ushbu yigʻilishda Prezidentimiz kambagʻallikni qisqartirishaning eng asosiy mexanizimi-aholini daromadli ish bilan ta'minlash ekanini takidlab oʻtdi. 
       Kambagʻallikni qisqartirishda kichik biznes va xususiy tadbirkorlik oʻrni sezilarli darajada ekanini bugungi kundagi qilingan ishlar samarasida koʻrishimiz mumkin. Mamlakatimizda kichik biznes uchun kotta imkoniyatlar berilmoqda. Xususan kichik biznes uchun chetki tumanlarda ishsiz aholi uchun kam foizli kredit va subsidialar ajratilishi, jumladan ishsizlikni oldini olish borasida qishloq xoʻjalik mahsulotlari yetishtirish uchun davlat tamonidan yer maydonlari ajratilishi yaqqol misol tariqasida koʻrishimiz mumkin.
Kalit soʻzlar: Kambagʻallik, kambagʻallikni qisqartirish, ishsizlik, kichik biznes, xususiy tadbirkorlik, " Mahallabay", "Temir daftar", " Yoshlar daftari", " Ayollar daftari"
Bio-optical properties of the marine diazotrophic cyanobacteria Trichodesmium spp. I. Absorption and photosynthetic action spectra
Creators: name: Subramaniam, Ajit
name: Carpenter, Edward J.
name: Karentz, Deneb
name: Falkowski, Paul G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Oceanography--Remote sensing
Optical oceanography
Trichodesmium
Marine biology
Marine ecology

description: The optical absorption, fluorescence excitation and emission, and photosynthetic action spectra were measured in vivo on intact colonies of Trichodesmium from the Caribbean Sea. The optical cross-sections were dominated by ultraviolet-A (UVA) absorption, which was a consequence of massive accumulations of mycosporinelike amino acids. The visible region of the spectrum was decomposed into several bands, among which chlorophyll a (Chl a), carotenoids, and individual phycobilipigments could be discerned. There was a clear diel periodicity in the ratio of the optical absorption cross-sections of phycourobilin (PUB) to phycoerythrobilin (PEB), increasing from around 1.7 at night to 2.1 at midmorning. The diel cycle in PUB/PEB is consistent with a reversible interconversion of the two pigments. The ratio of PUB/PEB was inversely correlated with the transfer of excitation energy to photosystem II (PSII). Light absorbed by PUB was not transferred to PSII with a high efficiency, but rather, a significant fraction was reemitted at 565 nm as fluorescence. These observations suggest that the PUBs and PEBs in Trichodesmium act as a dynamic biophysical energy valve that modify the rate of excitation energy delivered to PSII in response to changes in ambient light regime. The low-temperature (77 K) fluorescence emission spectra reveal an extremely weak 685-nm emission signal in relation to that at 730 nm. Based on a simple model, these data suggest that the ratio of PSI/PSII reaction centers in Trichodesmium is about 24:1. Such an extraordinary bias against PSII may help minimize damage to nitrogenase from O₂ production in PSII, but it also reduces the photosynthesis-enhanced growth and makes Trichodesmium virtually undetectable by chlorophyll fluorescence. The unique bio-optical properties of Trichodesmium can be used to develop algorithms to study its temporal and spatial distributions from remotely sensed information.
Strong antibunching in a generalized Rabi model
Creators: name: Grimsmo, Arne L.
name: Parkins, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a generalized version of the Rabi model that includes a nonlinear, dispersive-type atom-field interaction in addition to the usual linear dipole coupling, as well as cavity dissipation. An effective system of this sort arises, for example, in a quantum simulation of the Rabi model based upon Raman transitions in an optical cavity QED setting [A. L. Grimsmo and S. Parkins, Phys. Rev. A {\bf87}, 033814 (2013)]. For a suitable choice of the nonlinear interaction strength, near degeneracies of the states in the cavity-mode vacuum and single-photon subspaces, in combination with cavity loss, gives rise to an essentially closed cycle of excitations and photon emissions within these subspaces. Consequently, the cavity output field is strongly antibunched. We develop a quantum-trajectory-based description of the system that models its key properties very well, and use a simple dressed-state picture to explain the novel structure of the cavity fluorescence spectrum. We also present numerical results for a potential realization of the system using a rubidium atom coupled strongly to a high-finesse optical cavity mode.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures
Education for sustainable development in design and technology education in Ireland: an exploration of teacher perception and practice to inform a framework for action
Creators: name: Conway, Beineán
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education

description: Education has a key role to play in sustainability action globally – Education for Sustainable Development can act as a powerful enabler for positive change within planetary boundaries. In Ireland progress has been made by organisations integrating Education for Sustainable Development in the curricula. Yet, the latest review of the first ‘National Strategy on Education for Sustainable Development in Ireland 2014-2020’ identified a significant lack of system-wide awareness of the strategy among teachers. Further, with the launch of Ireland’s ‘ESD to 2030: Second National Strategy on Education for Sustainable Development’, the gap between policy and practice in this context remains significantly underexplored.In particular, Design and Technology Education subjects continue to underutilise Education for Sustainable Development despite their unique potential to embed deeper elements throughout given the focus of the subjects on creativity, design, and problem solving. This is particularly the case when their purpose is understood through a technological capability framing where learners become agents of change in the made world. The objective of this thesis is to investigate Education for Sustainable Development in Design and Technology Education, through a critical realist lens, to develop a data driven framework for action informed by second level teachers in Ireland. In doing so, this research explores teachers’ perception and practice of Education for Sustainable Development in Design and Technology Education subjects. Empirical data were generated through an inquiry-based survey with trainee teachers and practicing teachers (n=140). These inquiry-based survey responses acted as a starting point for in-depth semi-structured interviews with practicing teachers in secondary schools around Ireland (n=26). The contribution of this thesis lies in its illustration that Design and Technology Education in Ireland can, and indeed should, integrate meaningful Education for Sustainable Development through the proposed framework for action. Five recommendations form the framework centring on initial teacher education, professional development, curricula and assessment, transformative education, and systems thinking. The framework offers a broad policy roadmap for the increased integration of Education for Sustainable Development in Design and Technology Education in Ireland. The general principles of which may be applicable to other subjects and even other systems and jurisdictions. This contribution also provides much needed insight as to the realities of teacher practice helping to bridge the discourse-practice gap.
Nitrogen fixation by Trichodesmium spp.: An important source of new nitrogen to the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic Oceean
Creators: name: Capone, Douglas G.
name: Burns, James A.
name: Montoya, Joseph P.
name: Subramaniam, Ajit
name: Mahaffey, Claire
name: Gunderson, Troy
name: Michaels, Anthony F.
name: Carpenter, Edward J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Nitrogen--Fixation
Trichodesmium
Biogeochemistry
Chemical oceanography

description: The broad distribution and often high densities of the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium spp. in oligotrophic waters imply a substantial role for this one taxon in the oceanic N cycle of the marine tropics and subtropics. New results from 154 stations on six research cruises in the North Atlantic Ocean show depth-integrated N2 fixation by Trichodesmium spp. at many stations that equalled or exceeded the estimated vertical flux of NO3− into the euphotic zone by diapycnal mixing. Areal rates are consistent with those derived from several indirect geochemical analyses. Direct measurements of N2 fixation rates by Trichodesmium are also congruent with upper water column N budgets derived from parallel determinations of stable isotope distributions, clearly showing that N2 fixation by Trichodesmium is a major source of new nitrogen in the tropical North Atlantic. We project a conservative estimate of the annual input of new N into the tropical North Atlantic of at least 1.6 × 1012 mol N by Trichodesmium N2 fixation alone. This input can account for a substantial fraction of the N2 fixation in the North Atlantic inferred by several of the geochemical approaches.
Sensitivity of spin-aligned searches for neutron star-black hole systems using future detectors
Creators: name: Dhurkunde, Rahul
name: Nitz, Alexander H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current searches for gravitational waves from compact-binary objects are primarily designed to detect the dominant gravitational-wave mode and assume that the binary components have spins which are aligned with the orbital angular momentum. These choices lead to observational biases in the observed distribution of sources. Sources with significant spin-orbit precession or unequal-mass-ratios, which have non-negligible contributions from sub-dominant gravitational-wave modes, may be missed; in particular, this may significantly suppress or bias the observed neutron star -- black hole (NSBH) population. We simulate a fiducial population of NSBH mergers and determine the impact of using searches that only account for the dominant-mode and aligned spin. We compare the impact for the Advanced LIGO design, A+, LIGO Voyager, and Cosmic Explorer observatories. We find that for a fiducial population where the spin distribution is isotropic in orientation and uniform in magnitude, we will miss $\sim 25\%$ of sources with mass-ratio $q > 6$ and up to $\sim 60 \%$ of highly precessing sources $(χ_p > 0.5)$, after accounting for the approximate increase in background. In practice, the true observational bias can be even larger due to strict signal-consistency tests applied in searches. The observation of low spin, unequal-mass-ratio sources by Advanced LIGO design and Advanced Virgo may in part be due to these selection effects. The development of a search sensitive to high mass-ratio, precessing sources may allow the detection of new binaries whose spin properties would provide key insights into the formation and astrophysics of compact objects.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables. Comments welcome
Multivariate Residues and Maximal Unitarity
Creators: name: Sogaard, Mads
name: Zhang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the maximal unitarity method to amplitude contributions whose cuts define multidimensional algebraic varieties. The technique is valid to all orders and is explicitly demonstrated at three loops in gauge theories with any number of fermions and scalars in the adjoint representation. Deca-cuts realized by replacement of real slice integration contours by higher-dimensional tori encircling the global poles are used to factorize the planar triple box onto a product of trees. We apply computational algebraic geometry and multivariate complex analysis to derive unique projectors for all master integral coefficients and obtain compact analytic formulae in terms of tree-level data.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures
Understanding resistance oscillation in CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ superconductor
Creators: name: Han, Jung Hoon
name: Lee, Patrick A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent demonstration of the periodic oscillation of resistance in the thin film of CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ superconductor with a hole in the film suggests that charge-$4e$ and charge-$6e$ Cooper pairs may have condensed in this compound. While exciting, such interpretation calls for a precise determination of the effective area for the passage of Cooper pairs from one end of the lead to the other. Unlike the traditional Little-Parks effect where the rim around the hole is thin, the effective hole area is not obviously defined for the "thick-rim geometry" adopted in [arxiv:2201.10352]. Here, we note that the experiment was conducted in a regime where the superconctivity is strongly fluctuating, which motivates an analysis based on the spacetime formulation of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory. We argue that under appropriate conditions, the optimal semi-classical path is not the geometrically shortest one, but the one that moves along the edge of the hole and takes advantage of the reduced fluctuations at the boundary of the hole. The condition for the cross-over from the geometrically shortest path to the path that sticks to the wall is clarified. In such a scenario, the geometric area of the hole indeed emerges as the effective area for the flux, providing a theoretical justification to the interpretation given in [arxiv:2201.10352]. The conclusion of our analysis may have implication for similar experiments in other superconductors where the geometry of the device is not obviously that of the Little-Parks experiment employing the thin wall, but of the thick-rim type such as used in [arxiv:2201.10352].
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Probit models for capture-recapture data subject to imperfect detection, individual heterogeneity and misidentification
Creators: name: McClintock, Brett T.
name: Bailey, Larissa L.
name: Dreher, Brian P.
name: Link, William A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As noninvasive sampling techniques for animal populations have become more popular, there has been increasing interest in the development of capture-recapture models that can accommodate both imperfect detection and misidentification of individuals (e.g., due to genotyping error). However, current methods do not allow for individual variation in parameters, such as detection or survival probability. Here we develop misidentification models for capture-recapture data that can simultaneously account for temporal variation, behavioral effects and individual heterogeneity in parameters. To facilitate Bayesian inference using our approach, we extend standard probit regression techniques to latent multinomial models where the dimension and zeros of the response cannot be observed. We also present a novel Metropolis-Hastings within Gibbs algorithm for fitting these models using Markov chain Monte Carlo. Using closed population abundance models for illustration, we re-visit a DNA capture-recapture population study of black bears in Michigan, USA and find evidence of misidentification due to genotyping error, as well as temporal, behavioral and individual variation in detection probability. We also estimate a salamander population of known size from laboratory experiments evaluating the effectiveness of a marking technique commonly used for amphibians and fish. Our model was able to reliably estimate the size of this population and provided evidence of individual heterogeneity in misidentification probability that is attributable to variable mark quality. Our approach is more computationally demanding than previously proposed methods, but it provides the flexibility necessary for a much broader suite of models to be explored while properly accounting for uncertainty introduced by misidentification and imperfect detection. In the absence of misidentification, our probit formulation also provides a convenient and efficient Gibbs sampler for Bayesian analysis of traditional closed population capture-recapture data.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOAS783 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Resonator Power to Frequency Conversion in a Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillator
Creators: name: Nand, Nitin R.
name: Parker, Stephen R.
name: Ivanov, Eugene N.
name: le-Floch, Jean-Michel
name: Hartnett, John G.
name: Tobar, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the measurement and characterization of power to frequency conversion in the resonant mode of a cryogenic sapphire loaded cavity resonator, which is used as the frequency discriminating element of a loop oscillator circuit. Fluctuations of power incident on the resonator leads to changes in radiation pressure and temperature in the sapphire dielectric, both of which contribute to a shift in the resonance frequency. We measure a modulation and temperature independent radiation pressure induced power to frequency sensitivity of -0.15 Hz/mW and find that this is the primary factor limiting the stability of the resonator frequency.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Probing quantum scars and weak ergodicity-breaking through quantum complexity
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Budhaditya
name: Sur, Samudra
name: Nandy, Pratik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scar states are special many-body eigenstates that weakly violate the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH). Using the explicit formalism of the Lanczos algorithm, usually known as the forward scattering approximation in this context, we compute the Krylov state (spread) complexity of typical states generated by the time evolution of the PXP Hamiltonian, hosting such states. We show that the complexity for the Neel state revives in an approximate sense, while complexity for the generic ETH-obeying state always increases. This can be attributed to the approximate SU(2) structure of the corresponding generators of the Hamiltonian. We quantify such ''closeness'' by the q-deformed SU(2) algebra and provide an analytic expression of Lanczos coefficients for the Neel state within the approximate Krylov subspace. We intuitively explain the results in terms of a tight-binding model. We further consider a deformation of the PXP Hamiltonian and compute the corresponding Lanczos coefficients and the complexity. We find that complexity for the Neel state shows nearly perfect revival while the same does not hold for a generic ETH-obeying state.
description: v3: typos fixed, published version in Phys. Rev. B
title: Innocentia pressa, non oppressa in Ladislao et Mathia Corvinis spectata; 1728
title: die gedruckt, doch nicht unterdruckte Unschuld ; vorgestellet von dem ... Gymnasio der Gesellschafft Jesu zu Ingolstatt, den 3. und 6. Herbstmonats 1728
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Zeiner, Franz Anton
name: Steinhausen, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2008

description: Perioche. - Mutmaßl. Verf.: Christoph Steinhausen
Decadal time-series of SeaWiFS retrieved CDOM absorption and estimated CO₂ photoproduction on the continental shelf of the eastern United States
Creators: name: Del Vecchio, Rossana
name: Subramaniam, Ajit
name: Uz, Stephanie Schollaert
name: Ballabrera-Poy, Joaquim
name: Brown, Christopher W.
name: Blough, Neil V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Carbon dioxide
subject: Photochemistry
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Biogeochemistry

description: Published algorithms were employed to convert SeaWiFS images of normalized water-leaving-radiance to absorption images of CDOM (chromophoric dissolved organic matter). The best performing algorithm was employed to produce decadal time-series of CDOM monthly composites from 1998 through 2007. Deficits in CDOM absorption coefficient for surface waters across the shelf over the summer were then acquired relative to the uniformly mixed waters prior to and following stratification (spring and fall, respectively). Estimates were attained of the photochemical oxidation of carbon to CO₂ on and beyond the shelf of the Middle Atlantic Bight. Approximately 3–7 × 10¹⁰ g C as CO₂ were estimated to be produced via photooxidation of CDOM over the summertime, highlighting the significance of CDOM photochemistry and pointing out the importance of CO₂ photoproduction at a global scale. In principle, this approach could be applied to global ocean color data.
Estimates of atmospheric-processed soluble iron from observations and a global mineral aerosol model: Biogeochemical implications
Creators: name: Hand, J. L.
name: Mahowald, N. M.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Siefert, R. L.
name: Luo, C.
name: Subramaniam, Ajit
name: Fung, I.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mineral dusts
subject: Biogeochemistry
subject: Atmospheric aerosols
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Desert dust deposition to the ocean may be a significant source of biogeochemically important elements, specifically iron. The bioavailability of iron in the oceans requires it to be in a soluble form, and because atmospheric iron in desert dust is typically insoluble, understanding the atmospheric processes that convert insoluble iron to more soluble forms is essential. Understanding these relationships is especially important in remote ocean regions where iron may be the limiting nutrient. Observations of soluble iron from 2001 cruise-based aerosol measurements over the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans ranged from 0 to 45% (mean of 4 ± 9%) in the fine mode (<2.5 μm in diameter) and 0 to 87% (mean of 2 ± 10%) in the coarse mode. We test two simple hypotheses of soluble iron enhancement in the atmosphere using a global model of mineral aerosols. The first method assumes that iron solubility increases as iron is exposed to solar radiation, approximating photoreduction reactions that are important pathways for enhancement of soluble iron in the presence of acidic solutions. The second process imitates cloud processing of iron by increasing the amount of soluble iron when the mineral aerosol comes into contact with a cloud. Both methods resulted in similar average magnitudes of percent soluble iron compared to observations but did not capture specific events or have sufficient variability, perhaps because the model does not include aerosol interactions between species other than mineral dust or other processes that may be important.
A new equation of state for neutron star matter with nuclei in the crust and hyperons in the core
Creators: name: Miyatsu, Tsuyoshi
name: Yamamuro, Sachiko
name: Nakazato, Ken'ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation of state for neutron stars in a wide-density range at zero temperature is constructed. The chiral quark-meson coupling model within relativistic Hartree-Fock approximation is adopted for uniform nuclear matter. The coupling constants are determined so as to reproduce the experimental data of atomic nuclei and hypernuclei. In the crust region, nuclei are taken into account within the Thomas-Fermi calculation. All octet baryons are considered in the core region, while only $Ξ^{-}$ appears in neutron stars. The resultant maximum mass of neutron stars is $1.95M_\odot$, which is consistent with the constraint from the recently observed massive pulsar, PSR J1614-2230.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ. EOS tables are available at http://asphwww.ph.noda.tus.ac.jp/myn/
Nitrogen fixation by Trichodesmium spp. and unicellular diazotrophs in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
Creators: name: Sohm, Jill A.
name: Subramaniam, Ajit
name: Gunderson, Troy E.
name: Carpenter, Edward J.
name: Capone, Douglas G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Trichodesmium
subject: Biogeochemistry
subject: Nitrogen--Fixation
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Nitrogen (N2) fixation is an important process that fuels export production in the North Pacific Ocean, as evidenced by seasonally low δ15N of sinking organic nitrogen (N) at the Hawaii Ocean Time series station. However, relatively few direct measurements of N2 fixation exist across the North Pacific. On two cruises there in fall 2002 and summer 2003, the abundance and N2 fixation rate of Trichodesmium spp. and Richelia, as well as bulk water samples, were measured. Trichodesmium spp. were only detected in the area near the Hawaiian Islands, in similar densities on both cruises. Despite similar densities, the areal N2 fixation rate of Trichodesmium spp. in fall 2002 was nearly four times greater than in summer 2003 at stations proximal to the Hawaiian Islands. In the central North Pacific Gyre far from the Hawaiian Islands, where Trichodesmium spp. was not present, whole water N2 fixation rates were relatively high (∼100 μmol N m−2 d−1). Presumably unicellular diazotrophs were responsible for activity there. Our studies show a geographical variation in the dominant diazotroph in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre in the summer with Trichodesmium being dominant around the Hawaiian Islands, Richelia associated with diatoms to be found in high numbers to the south of the islands while unicellular diazotrophs dominated to the west, away from the islands and evidence from the literature suggests iron may play a role.
MMSR: Symbolic Regression is a Multi-Modal Information Fusion Task
Creators: name: Li, Yanjie
name: Liu, Jingyi
name: Li, Weijun
name: Yu, Lina
name: Wu, Min
name: Li, Wenqiang
name: Hao, Meilan
name: Wei, Su
name: Deng, Yusong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mathematical formulas are the crystallization of human wisdom in exploring the laws of nature for thousands of years. Describing the complex laws of nature with a concise mathematical formula is a constant pursuit of scientists and a great challenge for artificial intelligence. This field is called symbolic regression (SR). Symbolic regression was originally formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem, and Genetic Programming (GP) and Reinforcement Learning algorithms were used to solve it. However, GP is sensitive to hyperparameters, and these two types of algorithms are inefficient. To solve this problem, researchers treat the mapping from data to expressions as a translation problem. And the corresponding large-scale pre-trained model is introduced. However, the data and expression skeletons do not have very clear word correspondences as the two languages do. Instead, they are more like two modalities (e.g., image and text). Therefore, in this paper, we proposed MMSR. The SR problem is solved as a pure multi-modal problem, and contrastive learning is also introduced in the training process for modal alignment to facilitate later modal feature fusion. It is worth noting that to better promote the modal feature fusion, we adopt the strategy of training contrastive learning loss and other losses at the same time, which only needs one-step training, instead of training contrastive learning loss first and then training other losses. Because our experiments prove training together can make the feature extraction module and feature fusion module wearing-in better. Experimental results show that compared with multiple large-scale pre-training baselines, MMSR achieves the most advanced results on multiple mainstream datasets including SRBench. Our code is open source at https://github.com/1716757342/MMSR
description: The Information Fusion has accepted this paper
PRIVEE: A Visual Analytic Workflow for Proactive Privacy Risk Inspection of Open Data
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Kaustav
name: Islam, Akm
name: Vaidya, Jaideep
name: Dasgupta, Aritra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Open data sets that contain personal information are susceptible to adversarial attacks even when anonymized. By performing low-cost joins on multiple datasets with shared attributes, malicious users of open data portals might get access to information that violates individuals' privacy. However, open data sets are primarily published using a release-and-forget model, whereby data owners and custodians have little to no cognizance of these privacy risks. We address this critical gap by developing a visual analytic solution that enables data defenders to gain awareness about the disclosure risks in local, joinable data neighborhoods. The solution is derived through a design study with data privacy researchers, where we initially play the role of a red team and engage in an ethical data hacking exercise based on privacy attack scenarios. We use this problem and domain characterization to develop a set of visual analytic interventions as a defense mechanism and realize them in PRIVEE, a visual risk inspection workflow that acts as a proactive monitor for data defenders. PRIVEE uses a combination of risk scores and associated interactive visualizations to let data defenders explore vulnerable joins and interpret risks at multiple levels of data granularity. We demonstrate how PRIVEE can help emulate the attack strategies and diagnose disclosure risks through two case studies with data privacy experts.
description: Accepted for IEEE Symposium on Visualization in Cyber Security, 2022
Exploring Privacy and Fairness Risks in Sharing Diffusion Models: An Adversarial Perspective
Creators: name: Luo, Xinjian
name: Jiang, Yangfan
name: Wei, Fei
name: Wu, Yuncheng
name: Xiao, Xiaokui
name: Ooi, Beng Chin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diffusion models have recently gained significant attention in both academia and industry due to their impressive generative performance in terms of both sampling quality and distribution coverage. Accordingly, proposals are made for sharing pre-trained diffusion models across different organizations, as a way of improving data utilization while enhancing privacy protection by avoiding sharing private data directly. However, the potential risks associated with such an approach have not been comprehensively examined.
 In this paper, we take an adversarial perspective to investigate the potential privacy and fairness risks associated with the sharing of diffusion models. Specifically, we investigate the circumstances in which one party (the sharer) trains a diffusion model using private data and provides another party (the receiver) black-box access to the pre-trained model for downstream tasks. We demonstrate that the sharer can execute fairness poisoning attacks to undermine the receiver's downstream models by manipulating the training data distribution of the diffusion model. Meanwhile, the receiver can perform property inference attacks to reveal the distribution of sensitive features in the sharer's dataset. Our experiments conducted on real-world datasets demonstrate remarkable attack performance on different types of diffusion models, which highlights the critical importance of robust data auditing and privacy protection protocols in pertinent applications.
Edo : arts of Japan's last shogun age
Creators: name: Till, Barry, 1951-
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Painting
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1050567
subject: Exhibition catalogs
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1424028
subject: Painting, Japanese--Edo period
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1711101
subject: Art, Japanese--Edo period
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1711011
subject: Art, Japanese
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/816467
subject: Exhibitions
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/918097
subject: Color prints, Japanese--Edo period
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1710946
subject: Art Gallery of Greater Victoria
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/510434
subject: Art
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/815177

description: Catalogue of an exhibition held at the Art Gallery of Greater Victoria, April 3 - August 2, 2009. Foreword by Jon Tupper. Curated by Barry Till. Editing and proofreading by Joan Padgett. Photography by Bob Matheson and Stephen Topfer. Publication design by Frank Reimer. Printing and binding by Friesens Corp.
Fuzzy Conifold $Y_F^6$ and Monopoles on $S_F^2\times S_F^2$
Creators: name: Acharyya, Nirmalendu
name: Vaidya, Sachindeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we construct the fuzzy (finite dimensional) analogues of the conifold $Y^6$ and its base $X^5$. We show that fuzzy $X^5$ is (the analogue of) a principal U(1) bundle over fuzzy spheres $S^2_F \times S^2_F$ and explicitly construct the associated monopole bundles. In particular our construction provides an explicit discretization of the spaces $T^{κ,κ}$ and $T^{κ,0}$.
Eminentissimus, ac Reverendissimus Dominus Dominus Angelus Maria Ordinis S.P. Benedicti, ... Cardinalis ... Ex Antiquissima ... Familia De Quirinis, Sacræ Romanæ Ecclesiæ Bibliothecarius, Ac Episcopus Brixiensis Ab Abrahamo Tegernseensi, Et eiusdem Monasterii Musis humillimum in obsequium festive exceptus Die XXV. Septembris, Annô MDCCXLVIII.; [1748]
Creators: name: Querini, Angelo Maria
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2008

description: Rückseite des Titelblatts unbedruckt
An improved bio-optical model for the remote sensing of Trichodesmium spp. blooms
Creators: name: Westberry, T. K.
name: Siegel, D. A.
name: Subramaniam, Ajit
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biogeochemistry
Oceanography--Remote sensing
Trichodesmium

description: The cyanobacterium Trichodesmium spp. can be an important ecological and biogeochemical component for both the coastal and open ocean ecosystems by way of its nitrogen fixation ability. However, information regarding its spatial and temporal distribution remains sparse. Trichodesmium has unique optical properties that should allow for its spectral signature to be detectable in satellite ocean color data sets. Here, a global data set of concurrent measurements of Trichodesmium abundance and radiometric reflectance was compiled and used to develop bio-optical models for Trichodesmium. The most robust global model related the water-leaving radiance signal to the identification of an occurrence of a Trichodesmium bloom above a threshold value of 3200 trichomes L−1. Using the in situ data set, this model is trained to successfully predict Trichodesmium blooms (∼92%) while minimizing false positive retrievals (∼16% of nonbloom observations). A validation of the approach applied to Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) ocean color imagery shows that the model correctly predicts 76% of the bloom occurrences of an independent validation data set of in situ Trichodesmium observations. Ultimately, maps of Trichodesmium bloom occurrence will provide a means of addressing the ecology of Trichodesmium and its contribution to new production of the world oceans.