cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Low energy effective string cosmology
Creators: name: Copeland, E. J.
name: Lahiri, Amitabha
name: Wands, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give the general analytic solutions derived from the low energy string effective action for four dimensional Friedmann-Robertson-Walker models with dilaton and antisymmetric tensor field, considering both long and short wavelength modes of the $H$-field. The presence of a homogeneous $H$-field significantly modifies the evolution of the scale factor and dilaton. In particular it places a lower bound on the allowed value of the dilaton. The scale factor also has a lower bound but our solutions remain singular as they all contain regions where the spacetime curvature diverges signalling a breakdown in the validity of the effective action. We extend our results to the simplest Bianchi I metric in higher dimensions with only two scale factors. We again give the general analytic solutions for long and short wavelength modes for the $H$ field restricted to the three dimensional space, which produces an anisotropic expansion. In the case of $H$ field radiation (wavelengths within the Hubble length) we obtain the usual four dimensional radiation dominated FRW model as the unique late time attractor.
description: 22 pages, LaTeX, SUSX-TH-94/37, SUSSEX-AST-94/6-2. (Some terminology and figure captions corrected, references added.)
Forward-backward multiplicity fluctuations in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions with wounded quarks and fluctuating strings
Creators: name: Rohrmoser, Martin
name: Broniowski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a generic model where wounded quarks are amended with strings in which both end-point positions fluctuate in spatial rapidity. With the assumption that the strings emit particles independently of one another and with a uniform distribution in rapidity, we are able to analyze the model semi-analytically, which allows for its detailed understanding. Using as a constraint the one-body string emission functions obtained from the experimental data for collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV, we explore the two-body correlations for various scenarios of string fluctuations. We find that the popular measures used to quantify the longitudinal fluctuations are limited with upper and lower bounds and assume close values for the most likely models of the end-point distributions, which may explain why various approaches yield here very similar results.
description: Figures updated
Vector mesons in dense matter
Creators: name: Lee, Su Houng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We will summarize the progress in understanding the changes in the vector meson spectral density in nuclear medium using the constraint equations obtained from the Borel transformed dispersion relation and QCD Operator Product Expansion. We will discuss the results for the scalar mass shift and dispersion effects (three momentum dependence) for the light quark system ($ρ, ω$), the strange quark system ($ϕ$) and the heavy quark system ($J/ψ$) in nuclear medium. For the light quark systems, a nontrivial change in the mass and width are expected, while the dispersion effects are found to be small. Existing model calculations for the dispersion effects are compared to the constraint equation in detail. Very small, but accurate mass shift is obtained for the heavy quark system.
description: 8 pages, invited talk given at the KEK-Tanashi symposium on Physics of Hadrons and Nuclei, December 14-17 1998, Tokyo, Japan
Elater niger Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Elateridae
Elater
Elater niger

description: Elater niger [spec. nov.]
E. thorace elytris pedibus corporeque nigris.
Fn. svec. 577. Elater totus nigro-fuscus.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 406, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Surface properties of nuclear pairing with the Gogny force in a simplified model
Creators: name: Farine, M.
name: Schuck, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface properties of neutron-neutron (T=1) pairing in semi-infinite nuclear matter in a hard wall potential are investigated in BCS approximation using the Gogny force. Surface enhancement of the gap function, pairing tensor and correlation energy density is put into evidence.
description: 16 pages; 4 figures ; submitted to Phys. Lett. B
The sharp threshold for jigsaw percolation in random graphs
Creators: name: Cooley, Oliver
name: Kapetanopoulos, Tobias
name: Makai, Tamás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C80, 60K35, 60C05

description: We analyse the jigsaw percolation process, which may be seen as a measure of whether two graphs on the same vertex set are `jointly connected'. Bollobás, Riordan, Slivken and Smith proved that when the two graphs are independent binomial random graphs, whether the jigsaw process percolates undergoes a phase transition when the product of the two probabilities is $Θ\left( \frac{1}{n\ln n} \right)$. We show that this threshold is sharp, and that it lies at $\frac{1}{4n\ln n}$.
description: 22 pages
CBR Anisotropy in an Open Inflation, CDM Cosmogony
Creators: name: Kamionkowski, Marc
name: Ratra, Bharat
name: Spergel, David N.
name: Sugiyama, Naoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the cosmic background radiation anisotropy, produced by energy-density fluctuations generated during an early epoch of inflation, in an open cosmological model based on the cold dark matter scenario. At $Ω_0 \sim$ 0.3 -- 0.4, the COBE normalized open model appears to be consistent with most observations.
description: (12 pages, plain TeX; 3 figures available upon request from the authors), IASSNS-HEP-94/39, PUPT-1470, POP-568, CfPA-TH-94-27, UTAP-185
Ground-state phase diagram of the frustrated spin-1/2 two-leg honeycomb ladder
Creators: name: Luo, Qiang
name: Hu, Shijie
name: Zhao, Jize
name: Metavitsiadis, Alexandros
name: Eggert, Sebastian
name: Wang, Xiaoqun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a spin-$1/2$ two-leg honeycomb ladder with frustrating next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) coupling along the legs, which is equivalent to two $J_1$-$J_2$ spin chains coupled with $J_\perp$ at odd rungs. The full parameter region of the model is systematically studied using conventional and infinite density-matrix renormalization group as well as bosonization. The rich phase diagram consists of five distinct phases: A Haldane phase, a NNN-Haldane phase and a staggered dimer phase when $J_{\perp} < 0$; a rung singlet phase and a columnar dimer phase when $J_{\perp} > 0$. An interesting reentrant behavior from the dimerized phase into the Haldane phase is found as the frustration $J_2$ increases. The universalities of the critical phase transitions are fully analyzed. Phase transitions between dimerized and disordered phases belong to the two-dimensional Ising class with central charge $c=1/2$. The transition from the Haldane phase to NNN-Haldane phase is of a weak topological first order, while the continuous transition between the Haldane phase and rung singlet phase has central charge $c=2$.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures, for latest version and additional information see https://www.physik.uni-kl.de/eggert/papers/index.html
Gravitational Wave Induced Large-scale Polarization of \\Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
Creators: name: Ng, Ka Lok
name: Ng, Kin-Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the contribution of gravitational wave to the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) anisotropy and polarization. It is found that the large-scale polarization of CMBR is less than 1\% for a standard recombination universe. The effect of matter reionization will enhance the CMBR polarization to a 10\% level. We have computed the CMBR polarization for two extreme cases (not absolutely ruled out) and found that further enhancement of the ratio is possible. We conclude that measuring the polarization of CMBR on large-angular scales can probe the ionization history of the early universe, set constraints on baryon density and the spectral index of the gravitational waves.
description: 12 pages, LaTex, 2 figures available upon request, IP-ASTP-10-94
Inflatonless inflation
Creators: name: Dobado, A.
name: Lopez, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whichever could be the real theory of gravitation, the corresponding low-energy effective lagrangian will probably contain higher derivative terms. In this work we study the general conditions on those terms in order to produce enough inflation to solve some of the problems of the standard Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmology in absence of any inflaton field. We apply our results to some particular scenarios where higher derivative terms appear in the effective lagrangian for gravity like those coming from graviton (two)-loops or integrating out ordinary matter (like the one present in the Standard Model).
description: 24 pages, FT/UCM/13/94
Meson and Isobar Degrees of Freedom in A($\vec{e},e'\vec{p}$) reactions at $0.2 \leq Q^2 \leq 0.8 (GeV/c)^2$
Creators: name: Ryckebusch, Jan
name: Debruyne, Dimitri
name: Van Nespen, Wim
name: Janssen, Stijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of meson and isobar degrees of freedom in A($\vec{e},e'\vec{p}$) and A(e,e'n) is studied for four-momentum transfers Q^2 in the range between 0.2 and 0.8 (GeV/c)^2. The calculations are performed in a non-relativistic framework with explicit (N,Δ,π) degrees-of-freedom. For the whole range of momentum transfers under investigation the relative effect of the meson-exchange and isobar degrees of freedom is significant. At low missing momenta and quasi-elastic conditions, a tendency to reduce the (e,e'p) and (e,e'n) differential cross sections is noticed. The greatest sensitivity is found in the interference structure functions $W_{LT}$ and $W_{TT}$. The recoil polarization observables, on the other hand, are moderately affected by the meson-exchange and $Δ$-isobar currents.
description: 16 pages (Revtex) + 18 figures (eps file)
Failure of the Regge approach in two dimensional quantum gravity
Creators: name: Bock, Wolfgang
name: Vink, Jeroen C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Regge's method for regularizing euclidean quantum gravity is applied to two dimensional gravity. We use two different strategies to simulate the Regge path integral at a fixed value of the total area: A standard Metropolis simulation combined with a histogramming method and a direct simulation using a Hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm. Using topologies with genus zero and two and a scale invariant integration measure, we show that the Regge method does not reproduce the value of the string susceptibility of the continuum model. We show that the string susceptibility depends strongly on the choice of the measure in the path integral. We argue that the failure of the Regge approach is due to spurious contributions of reparametrization degrees of freedom to the path integral.
description: 27 pages, LaTex + uuencoded figure files (13 postscript files)
Elater minutus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Elateridae
Elater
Elater minutus

description: Elater minutus [spec. nov.]
E. thorace nigro nitido, elytris nigris obscuris.
Habitat in Europa.
Magnitudo vix dupla Pediculi.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 406, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
A centrosomal protein STARD9 promotes microtubule stability and regulates spindle microtubule dynamics
Creators: name: Srivastava, Shalini
name: Dulal Panda
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Centrosomal proteins play important roles in the spindle assembly and the segregation of chromosomes in the eukaryotic cells. STARD9, a recently identified centrosomal protein, was reported to influence the spindle pole assembly. However, the role of STARD9 in maintaining the stability and organization of microtubules are not known. Here, we show that STARD9 regulates the assembly and dynamics of both interphase and mitotic microtubules. The knockdown of STARD9 in HeLa or HCT116 cells with siRNA or shRNA induced a strong depolymerization of the interphase microtubules. The over-expression of the motor domain of STARD9 stabilizes microtubules against cold and nocodazole suggesting that STARD9 stabilizes microtubules in HeLa cells. Using fluorescent recovery after photobleaching, we showed that the knockdown of STARD9 strongly reduced microtubule dynamics in the live spindles of HeLa cells. The reassembly of microtubules in the STARD9-depleted cells was strongly reduced as compared to the microtubules in the control cells implying the role of STARD9 in the nucleation of microtubules. Further, the depletion of STARD9 inhibited chromosome separation and the STARD9-depleted HeLa cells were blocked at mitosis. Interestingly, the frequency of multipolar spindle formation increased significantly in the STARD9-depleted HeLa cells in the presence of vinblastine and the STARD9-depleted cells showed much higher sensitivity towards vinblastine than the control cells indicating a new approach for cancer chemotherapy. The evidence suggests that STARD9 regulates the assembly and stability of both interphase and spindle microtubules and thereby, play important roles in the cell cycle progression.
Category theory for genetics I: mutations and sequence alignments
Creators: name: Tuyéras, Rémy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18C99, 92B99

description: The present article is the first of a series whose goal is to define a logical formalism in which it is possible to reason about genetics. In this paper, we introduce the main concepts of our language whose domain of discourse consists of a class of limit-sketches and their associated models. While our program will aim to show that different phenomena of genetics can be modeled by changing the category in which the models take their values, in this paper, we study models in the category of sets to capture mutation mechanisms such as insertions, deletions, substitutions, duplications and inversions. We show how the proposed formalism can be used for constructing multiple sequence alignments with an emphasis on mutation mechanisms.
description: 40 pages. In this post-publication version, a sentence was changed in Example 3.37 for clarification
Deconstructing Defects
Creators: name: Hayling, Joseph
name: Niarchos, Vasilis
name: Papageorgakis, Constantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the exact-deconstruction prescription to lift various squashed-$S^3$ partition functions with supersymmetric-defect insertions to four-dimensional superconformal indices. Starting from three-dimensional circular-quiver theories with vortex-loop-operator insertions, we recover the index of four-dimensional theories in the presence of codimension-two surface defects with (2,2) supersymmetry. The case of deconstruction with Wilson-loop insertions is discussed separately. We provide evidence that a certain prescription leads to the index of four-dimensional theories in the presence of surface defects with (4,0) supersymmetry. In addition, we deconstruct the index of four-dimensional gauge theories with codimension-one 1/2-BPS defects, starting from three-dimensional circular-quiver theories containing localised matter/gauge-field insertions at specific nodes. We also clarify certain calculational and conceptual points related to exact deconstruction.
description: 46 pages, 9 figures; v2: interpretational aspects of the deconstructed indices clarified and discussion on codimension-one defects improved; published version
Testing Gravity with wide binary stars like $α$ Centauri
Creators: name: Banik, Indranil
name: Zhao, Hongsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the feasibility of testing Newtonian gravity at low accelerations using wide binary (WB) stars separated by $\ge 3$ kAU. These systems probe the accelerations at which galaxy rotation curves unexpectedly flatline, possibly due to Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND). We conduct Newtonian and MOND simulations of WBs covering a grid of model parameters in the system mass, semi-major axis, eccentricity and orbital plane. We self-consistently include the external field (EF) from the rest of the Galaxy on the Solar neighbourhood using an axisymmetric algorithm. For a given projected separation, WB relative velocities reach larger values in MOND. The excess is ${\approx 20\%}$ adopting its simple interpolating function, as works best with a range of Galactic and extragalactic observations. This causes noticeable MOND effects in accurate observations of ${\approx 500}$ WBs, even without radial velocity measurements. We show that the proposed Theia mission may be able to directly measure the orbital acceleration of Proxima Centauri towards the 13 kAU-distant $α$ Centauri. This requires an astrometric accuracy of $\approx 1 \, μ$as over 5 years. We also consider the long-term orbital stability of WBs with different orbital planes. As each system rotates around the Galaxy, it experiences a time-varying EF because this is directed towards the Galactic Centre. We demonstrate approximate conservation of the angular momentum component along this direction, a consequence of the WB orbit adiabatically adjusting to the much slower Galactic orbit. WBs with very little angular momentum in this direction are less stable over Gyr periods. This novel direction-dependent effect might allow for further tests of MOND.
description: 31 pages, 20 figures, 6 tables. Fixed typo in equation 11
The Transverse Structure of the Baryon Source in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Polleri, A.
name: Mattiello, R.
name: Mishustin, I. N.
name: Bondorf, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A direct method to reconstruct the transverse structure of the baryon source formed in a relativistic heavy ion collision is presented. The procedure makes use of experimentally measured proton and deuteron spectra and assumes that deuterons are formed via two-nucleon coalescence. The transverse density shape and flow profile are reconstructed for Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN-SPS. The ambiguity with respect to the source temperature is demonstrated and possible ways to resolve it are discussed.
description: 15 pages LaTeX, 4 postscript figures, uses psfig.sty - Revised version, few minor changes
On Studying Charm in Nuclei through Antiproton Annihilation
Creators: name: Sibirtsev, A.
name: Tsushima, K.
name: Thomas, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the production of open charm in antiproton annihilation on finite nuclei. The enhancement of the subthreshold production cross section, even in a nucleus as light as carbon, should provide a clean signature of the reduction in the masses of these mesons in-medium. We also show that a careful analysis of the $D^+$ and $D^-$ spectra can yield important information on the cross section for $D^{\pm}N$ scattering.
description: 9 pages, svjour, including 11 ps-figures, accepted for pub. in Eur. Phys. J. A
Drivers of China's anthropogenic emissions trends 2010-2017
Creators: name: Zheng, Bo
name: Tong, Dan
name: Li, Meng
name: Liu, Fei
name: Chaopeng Hong
name: Guannan Geng
name: Haiyan Li
name: Li, Xin
name: Liqun Peng
name: Qi, Ji
name: Yan, Liu
name: Yuxuan Zhang
name: Hongyan Zhao
name: Yixuan Zheng
name: Kebin He
name: Zhang, Qiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: Drivers of China's anthropogenic emissions trends 2010-2017 estimated using the approach of Index Decomposition Analysis.
Shannon-Wehrl entropy for cosmological and black hole squeezing
Creators: name: Rosu, Haret
name: Reyes, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the Shannon-Wehrl entropy within the squeezing vocabulary for the cosmological and black hole particle production.
description: 4 pages, 2 Figures available from the author(s), LaTex, IFUG-11/94 r, contribution to Harmonic Oscillators 2, Cocoyoc, March 23-25/1994, To be published in NASA Conference Series (1994/1995)
A short construction of the Zhu algebra
Creators: name: van Ekeren, Jethro
name: Heluani, Reimundo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate associative quotients of vertex algebras. We also give a short construction of the Zhu algebra, and a proof of its associativity using elliptic functions.
description: 6 pages
Dietary protein source and butyrylated high-amylose maize starch included in a high-protein diet determines the urinary metabolome of rats
Creators: name: Najafabadi, Zahra Sattari
name: Nielsen, Tina Skau
name: Hedemann, Mette Skou
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Intake of red and processed meat increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), whereas dairy product consumption and the intake of dietary fibre are negatively associated with this risk. We investigated the effect of (i) low-protein diets with either whey or cooked meat (beef) as the protein source and (ii) high-protein diets with cooked meat (beef) either without or with the inclusion of 10% butyrylated high-amylose maize starch (HAMSB), on the urinary metabolome of rats. Urine samples from rats were analysed using untargeted LC-MS metabolomics. The level and source of the dietary protein affected the urinary excretion of numerous metabolites indicating that several metabolic pathways were changed. The inclusion of HAMSB in a high-protein diet caused significant alterations in the excretion of several metabolites. HAMSB reduced urinary excretion of potentially harmful metabolites resulting from a high level of meat consumption.
Cicindela Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Cicindela

description: Cicindela [gen. nov.]
Antennae setaceae.
Maxillae prominentes, denticulatae.
Oculi prominuli.
Thorax rotundato-marginatus.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 407, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Kinetic Freeze-out and Radial Flow in 11.6 A GeV Au+Au Collisions
Creators: name: Dobler, Harald
name: Sollfrank, Josef
name: Heinz, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the kinetic freeze-out conditions of hadrons in Au+Au collisions at 11.6 A GeV/c using different parametrizations of an expanding thermal fireball. We take into account the available double differential momentum spectra of a variety of particle species, covering a large fraction of the total momentum space. The overall fit to the data is very good and indicates a relatively low kinetic freeze-out temperature of about 90 MeV with an average transverse expansion velocity at midrapidity of about 0.5 c.
description: 5 pages ReVTeX, incl. 3 figures and 2 tables. Revised version with improved discussion of model and added references. Accepted by Phys. Lett. B
Institutional design, informal practices and international conflict
Creators: name: Kurmanalieva, Gulzana
name: Crewett, Wibke
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Property rights
subject: Pastures
subject: Institutions
subject: Ferghana valley
subject: Conflict
subject: Community-based management
subject: 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: In the Kyrgyz Region of Ferghana Valley, violent conflict flares repeatedly between the local Kyrgyz majority population and the Tajik ethnic minority. Drawing on a recent qualitative case study conducted in the borderlands of one of the two Tajik enclaves within the Kyrgyz Batken Region, this article seeks to identify the causes of pasture-related inter-ethnic conflict in the agro-pastoral Kyrgyz–Tajik border region. The paper employs an institutional perspective and explores the impact of the given institutional setup. We note that a lack of institutional arrangements for transboundary pasture use hinders Tajik herders’ legal access to the region’s sole summer pastures. The Kyrgyz “Pasture Committee” has pragmatically designed local rules on transboundary pasture use in the Kyrgyz–Tajik border region, thereby assuring Tajik herders at least semi-official access to the summer pastures. Yet while these rules limit conflict, they fail to limit overstocking. Locally designed rules also open up business opportunities to Tajik herders, which some of the Kyrgyz herders consider unfair and illegal. In order to achieve sustainable and locally accepted regional pasture management, despite the lack of legislative amendments and international agreements, we propose local-level institutional innovations. We also emphasize that pasture use regulation is paramount for maintaining regional stability and peaceful cooperation.
Is Quantum Mechanics Compatible with an Entirely Deterministic Universe?
Creators: name: Szabo, Laszlo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A b s t r a c t It will be argued that 1) the Bell inequalities are not equivalent with those inequalities derived by Pitowsky and others that indicate the Kolmogorovity of a probability model, 2) the original Bell inequalities are irrelevant to both the question of whether or not quantum mechanics is a Kolmogorovian theory as well as the problem of determinism, whereas 3) the Pitowsky type inequalities are not violated by quantum mechanics, hence 4) quantum mechanics is a Kolmogorovian probability theory, therefore, 5) it is compatible with an entirely deterministic universe.
description: 15 pages, (compressed and uuencoded) Postscript (188 kb), preprint 94/06
Correlation effects in single-particle overlap functions and one-nucleon removal reactions
Creators: name: Gaidarov, M. K.
name: Pavlova, K. A.
name: Dimitrova, S. S.
name: Stoitsov, M. V.
name: Antonov, A. N.
name: Van Neck, D.
name: Müther, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-particle overlap functions and spectroscopic factors are calculated on the basis of the one-body density matrices (ODM) obtained for the nucleus $^{16}O$ employing different approaches to account for the effects of correlations. The calculations use the relationship between the overlap functions related to bound states of the (A-1)-particle system and the ODM for the ground state of the A-particle system. The resulting bound-state overlap functions are compared and tested in the description of the experimental data from (p,d) reactions for which the shape of the overlap function is important.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures included
Leveraging Subspace Information for Low-Rank Matrix Reconstruction
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Kim, Taejoon
name: Xiong, Guojun
name: Leung, Shu-Hung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The problem of low-rank matrix reconstruction arises in various applications in communications and signal processing. The state of the art research largely focuses on the recovery techniques that utilize affine maps satisfying the restricted isometry property (RIP). However, the affine map design and reconstruction under a priori information, i.e., column or row subspace information, has not been thoroughly investigated. To this end, we present designs of affine maps and reconstruction algorithms that fully exploit the low-rank matrix subspace information. Compared to the randomly generated affine map, the proposed affine map design permits an enhanced reconstruction. In addition, we derive an optimal representation of low-rank matrices, which is exploited to optimize the rank and subspace of the estimate by adapting them to the noise level in order to achieve the minimum mean square error (MSE). Moreover, in the case when the subspace information is not a priori available, we propose a two-step algorithm, where, in the first step, it estimates the column subspace of a low-rank matrix, and in the second step, it exploits the estimated information to complete the reconstruction. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves robust performance with much lower complexity than existing reconstruction algorithms.
Bononia, the Roman Bologna: Archaeoastronomy and Chronology
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Archaeoastronomy
Roman chronology
Roman towns
Bononia
Bologna
Centuriation

description: In an article written by Giulio Magli on the orientation of the Roman towns, Bononia, the Roman Bologna, is given as a specific example to support Magli’s thesis on the existence of preferred solar alignments of the urban layout. Assuming that the Roman towns had been oriented to the sunrise on a given day of the year, Magli suggested possible preferred alignments according to Roman festivals, in particular the festival of Terminalia. Of Bononia, we know the date of foundation as Roman colony in 189 BC, given by Livy. We will show that, according to Roman chronology and Republican calendar, it is impossible that Bononia had been oriented to the sunrise on the day given by Livy. The discrepancy is huge. Moreover, the direction of the decumanus cannot match the dates of Terminalia for 189 BC. However, if we consider that the layout that we see today is that of a recolonization under Octavian, we can have a certain agreement between the direction of the decumanus and the sunrise on the day of Terminalia (within three days), and a perfect agreement with the day of the festival of Armilustrium. In the proposed discussion, we will stress in particular the problem of the discrepancy between the historical dates of Roman chronology and the Julian dates, those that we can find according to an astronomical analysis. This problem is general and must be properly considered in any archaeoastronomical analysis of Roman towns.
Finding Principal Null Direction for Numerical Relativists
Creators: name: Gunnarsen, Laurens
name: Shinkai, Hisa-aki
name: Maeda, Kei-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method for finding principal null directions (PNDs). Because our method assumes as input the intrinsic metric and extrinsic curvature of a spacelike hypersurface, it should be particularly useful to numerical relativists. We illustrate our method by finding the PNDs of the Kastor-Traschen spacetimes, which contain arbitrarily many $Q=M$ black holes in a de Sitter back-ground.
description: 10 pages, LaTeX style, WU-AP/38/93. Figures are available (hard copies) upon requests [shinkai@cfi.waseda.ac.jp (H.Shinkai)]
Cicindela campestris Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Cicindela
Cicindela campestris

description: Cicindela campestris [spec. nov.]
C. viridis, elytris punctis quinque albis. Fn. svec. 548.
List. loqu. 386. mut. t. 17. f. 12.
Habitat in Europae campis arenosis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 407, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Demonstration of magnetic field tomography with starlight polarization towards a diffuse sightline of the ISM
Creators: name: Panopoulou, Georgia V.
name: Tassis, Konstantinos
name: Skalidis, Raphael
name: Blinov, Dmitriy
name: Liodakis, Ioannis
name: Pavlidou, Vasiliki
name: Potter, Stephen B.
name: Ramaprakash, Anamparambu N.
name: Readhead, Anthony C. S.
name: Wehus, Ingunn K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The availability of large datasets with stellar distance and polarization information will enable a tomographic reconstruction of the (plane-of-the-sky-projected) interstellar magnetic field in the near future. We demonstrate the feasibility of such a decomposition within a small region of the diffuse ISM. We combine measurements of starlight (R-band) linear polarization obtained using the RoboPol polarimeter with stellar distances from the second Gaia data release. The stellar sample is brighter than 17 mag in the R band and reaches out to several kpc from the Sun. HI emission spectra reveal the existence of two distinct clouds along the line of sight. We decompose the line-of-sight-integrated stellar polarizations to obtain the mean polarization properties of the two clouds. The two clouds exhibit significant differences in terms of column density and polarization properties. Their mean plane-of-the-sky magnetic field orientation differs by 60 degrees. We show how our tomographic decomposition can be used to constrain our estimates of the polarizing efficiency of the clouds as well as the frequency dependence of the polarization angle of polarized dust emission. We also demonstrate a new method to constrain cloud distances based on this decomposition. Our results represent a preview of the wealth of information that can be obtained from a tomographic map of the ISM magnetic field.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures, published in ApJ, data appear in journal
Late Pleistocene stickleback environmental genomes reveal the chronology of freshwater adaptation
Creators: name: Foote, Andrew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: threespine stickleback
Sediment DNA
Paleogenomics

description: Directly observing the chronology and tempo of adaptation in response to ecological change is rarely possible in natural ecosystems. Sedimentary aDNA (sedaDNA) has been shown to be a tractable source of genome-scale data of long-dead organisms, and to thereby potentially provide an understanding of the evolutionary histories of past populations. To date, time series of ecosystem biodiversity have been reconstructed from sedaDNA, typically using DNA metabarcoding or shotgun sequence data generated from less than one gram of sediment. Here we maximise sequence coverage by extracting DNA from ~50x more sediment per sample than the majority of previous studies, to achieve genotype resolution. From a time-series of Late Pleistocene sediments spanning from a marine to freshwater ecosystem, we compare adaptive genotypes reconstructed from the environmental genomes of threespine stickleback at key time points of this transition. We find a staggered temporal dynamic, in which freshwater alleles at known loci of large effect in marine-freshwater divergence of threespine stickleback (e.g. EDA) were already established during the brackish phase of the formation of the isolation basin. Yet marine alleles were still detected across the majority of marine-freshwater divergence associated loci, even after the complete isolation of the lake from marine ingression. Our retrospective approach to studying adaptation from environmental genomes of threespine sticklebacks at the end of the last glacial period complements contemporary experimental approaches and highlights the untapped potential for retrospective 'evolve-and-resequence' natural experiments using sedaDNA.
description: Funding provided by: European Research CouncilCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/0472cxd90Award Number: 101045346-EXPLOAD
Funding provided by: The Research Council of NorwayCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/00epmv149Award Number:
title: Investigating food environments and drivers of food acquisition in low- and middle-income countries: The case of peri-urban Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Creators: name: Turner, C
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2020

description: This thesis presents a body of work that deepens our knowledge and understanding of food environments and drivers of food acquisition practices in transitioning low- and middleincome country (LMIC) settings. It includes critical contributions to food environment theory, a systematic review of evidence from LMICs, the development, application, and evaluation of a novel qualitative geographical information systems (Q-GIS) methodological approach, and a qualitative investigation of the food environment and drivers of food acquisition in periurban Hyderabad, India. The first article presents a new food environment definition, a globally applicable conceptual framework for food environment research, and maps methodological approaches. Critical perspectives suggest how existing knowledge and evidence may be leveraged to accelerate food environment research in LMICs, and key challenges and opportunities are identified. The second article is the first systematic review of food environment research from LMICs. The review reveals the rapidly emerging body of literature from LMICs and provides a synthesis of the evidence base testing for associations between dimensions of food environment exposure and dietary, nutrition and health outcomes. The third article presents the development, application and evaluation of a novel Q-GIS approach that features participatory photo mapping and follow-up graphic- and photoelicitation interviews (n=22) designed to investigate food environments from an emic perspective. Results include participant’s perceptions and experiences of documenting their FE as well as empirical data on the utility and feasibility of this approach. The fourth article presents findings from in-depth interviews (n=18) and the Q-GIS approach (n=22) investigating complex, multi-scalar, and multifaceted drivers of food acquisition in two transitioning peri-urban villages in Hyderabad. Key drivers of food acquisition included: 1) food prices; 2) vendor and product properties, including freshness and quality, and adulteration and contamination; and 3) a sense of community and trust related to known people.
Cicindela hybrida Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Cicindela
Cicindela hybrida

description: Cicindela hybrida [spec. nov.]
C. subpurpurascens, elytris fascia lunulisque duabus albis.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 407, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Causality Properties of Topologically Nontrivial Space-Time Models
Creators: name: Konstantinov, M. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The causality properties of space-time models with traversable wormholes are considered. It is shown that relativity principle cannot be applied to the motion of the wormhole's mouths in the outer space and the dynamical wormhole transformation into the time machine is impossible. The examples of both causal and noncausal space-time models with traversable wormholes are also considered. Some properties of space-time models with causality violation are briefly discussed.
description: 9 pages., RGA-CSVR-007/94. 3 figures available by request
Convergence analysis of a variable metric forward-backward splitting algorithm with applications
Creators: name: Cui, Fuying
name: Tang, Yuchao
name: Zhu, Chuanxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C25, 47H05

description: The forward-backward splitting algorithm is a popular operator-splitting method for solving monotone inclusion of the sum of a maximal monotone operator and a cocoercive operator. In this paper, we present a new convergence analysis of a variable metric forward-backward splitting algorithm with extended relaxation parameters in real Hilbert spaces. We prove that this algorithm is weakly convergent when certain weak conditions are imposed upon the relaxation parameters. Consequently, we recover the forward-backward splitting algorithm with variable step sizes. As an application, we obtain a variable metric forward-backward splitting algorithm for solving the minimization problem of the sum of two convex functions, where one of them is differentiable with a Lipschitz continuous gradient. Furthermore, we discuss the applications of this algorithm to the fundamental of the variational inequalities problem, constrained convex minimization problem, and split feasibility problem. Numerical experimental results on LASSO problem in statistical learning demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed iterative algorithm.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures
The Morphologies and Kinematics of Supernova Remnants
Creators: name: Lopez, Laura A.
name: Fesen, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the major advances in understanding the morphologies and kinematics of supernova remnants (SNRs). Simulations of SN explosions have improved dramatically over the last few years, and SNRs can be used to test models through comparison of predictions with SNRs' observed large-scale compositional and morphological properties as well as the three-dimensional kinematics of ejecta material. In particular, Cassiopeia A -- the youngest known core-collapse SNR in the Milky Way -- offers an up-close view of the complexity of these explosive events that cannot be resolved in distant, extragalactic sources. We summarize the progress in tying SNRs to their progenitors' explosions through imaging and spectroscopic observations, and we discuss exciting future prospects for SNR studies, such as X-ray microcalorimeters
description: 31 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in Space Science Reviews
Studying Deformations of Fuchsian Representations with Higgs Bundles
Creators: name: Collier, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This is a survey article whose main goal is to explain how many components of the character variety of a closed surface are either deformation spaces of representations into the maximal compact subgroup or deformation spaces of certain Fuchsian representations. This latter family is of particular interest and is related to the field of higher Teichmüller theory. Our main tool is the theory of Higgs bundles. We try to develop the general theory of Higgs bundles for real groups and indicate where subtleties arise. However, the main emphasis is placed on concrete examples which are our motivating objects. In particular, we do not prove any of the foundational theorems, rather we state them and show how they can be used to prove interesting statements about components of the character variety. We have also not spent any time developing the tools (harmonic maps) which define the bridge between Higgs bundles and the character variety. For this side of the story we refer the reader to the survey article of Q. Li [arXiv:1809.05747].
Greens Function for Anti de Sitter Gravity
Creators: name: Kleppe, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve for the retarded Greens function for linearized gravity in a background with a negative cosmological constant, anti de Sitter space. In this background, it is possible for a signal to reach spatial infinity in a finite time. Therefore the form of the Greens function depends on a choice of boundary condition at spatial infinity. We take as our condition that a signal which reaches infinity should be lost, not reflected back. We calculate the Greens function associated with this condition, and show that it reproduces the correct classical solution for a point mass at the origin, the anti de Sitter-Schwarzchild solution.
description: 27 pages of Plain TeX, UAHEP9403