cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
EU-refugee-camps outside of Europe: salvation or nightmare?
Creators: name: Heissl, Gregor
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2006
Subjects: asylum
European Union
asylum seekers
European Union countries
refugee camps
refugee law
refugees
right of asylum

description: second semester University: National University of Ireland, Galway.
description: The thesis deals with the legal aspects of the concept of processing asylum claims jointly in camps outside of Europe operated by the EU. Therefore the UKproposal and related developments and precedents, such as Australia’s “Pacificsolution”, are analysed. Firstly, competence-regulations on the level of the EU are assessed, to evaluate whether the EU would generally be entitled to establish processing-camps, or if it would fall under the responsibility of the Member States. Before examining the legality of the proposal, the controversial issue of the relationship between the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), as well as the Geneva Refugee Convention (GRC), and the European Union is addressed, together with the question of extra-territoriality of their protectionstandards. After the examination of the compatibility of processing-camps on the level of the EU the Member States themselves are considered in terms of whether such a proposal would place them in violation under the ECHR and GRC. The issue of judicial review and legal remedies, at the European Court of Justice as well as the European Court for Human Rights, for possibly Human Rights violations is analysed. In the penultimate section the author examines the legality of processing-camps and finally the practicability and political signal of the proposals is discussed in the light of significant criticisms from major Non-Governmental-Organisations. The thesis is concluded with a critical analysis of the results achieved and it is stated clearly that the concept of processing-camps has to be opposed.
โปรแกรมการพัฒนาวิชาชีพครูแบบร่วมมือเรื่อง STEM: ความเข้าใจและการจัดประสบการณ์การเรียนรู้ของครูปฐมวัย
Creators: name: Jurarat Thammaprateep
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2018
Subjects: Education
preschool teachers
STEM collaborative teacher professional development
Understanding of STEM
ครูปฐมวัย
ความเข้าใจสะเต็ม
ศึกษา
โปรแกรมการพัฒนาวิชาชีพครูแบบร่วมมือเรื่องสะเต็ม

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 12, 1, 82-95
(500689) James Jonathan Currell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Strain fluctuations and elastic moduli in disordered solids
Creators: name: Sussman, Daniel M.
name: Schoenholz, Samuel S.
name: Xu, Ye
name: Still, Tim
name: Yodh, A. G.
name: Liu, Andrea J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently there has been a surge in interest in using video-microscopy techniques to infer the local mechanical properties of disordered solids. One common approach is to minimize the difference between particle vibrational displacements in a local coarse-graining volume and the displacements that would result from a best-fit affine deformation. Effective moduli are then be inferred under the assumption that the components of this best-fit affine deformation tensor have a Boltzmann distribution. In this paper, we combine theoretical arguments with experimental and simulation data to demonstrate that the above does not reveal information about the true elastic moduli of jammed packings and colloidal glasses.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Recruiting MARSOC Special Operations Capability Specialists: (SCOS) Marketing Communication Insights and Strategies
Creators: name: Morris, Barry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: Armed Forces
Special forces (Military science)
Interviews
United States. Marine Special Operations Command

description: Although the Marine Corps, and the military in general, invest significant financial resources in advertising and other recruitment efforts, MARSOC has struggled to meet its SOCS recruitment goals for the past five years. Further, little effort has been made to understand the perceived benefits and barriers of MARSOC among Marines approaching re-enlistment or the basis for such perceptions. Just as it has for brands, the digital communication environment has created additional touch points and sources of information regarding MARSOC. Therefore, the purpose of this professional thesis project is to understand these perceptions and sources, identify actionable insights, and make recommendations for future MARSOC’s SOCS recruitment digital marketing communication efforts.
Deliverable 2.4 Synthesis report: socioeconomic inequalities in different urban contexts
Creators: name: Brázia, Ana
name: Perista, Pedro
name: Teixeira, Ana
name: Gerőházi, Éva
name: Katona, Nóra
name: Kerékgyártó, Anna
name: Kollár, Sándor
name: Csathó, Ábel
name: Medgyesi, Márton
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: economic development
welfare system
crisis
urban areas

description: The current Synthesis report is the final deliverable of work package (WP) 2 of the UPLIFT project, which aims to synthetize the main outcomes of the urban reports that described the policy environment around vulnerable individuals in the fields of education, employment and housing in 16 functional urban areas (FUA) of the EU. The 16 urban areas were selected from a broad variety of regions and countries of Europe, representing different levels of economic development, welfare provision, governance and policy approaches, and cultures of participation. Their juxtaposition demonstrates the differences in the scale and dimensions of inequality in the different urban regions, but also point out similar trends, and link these to various urban types. The selected urban areas are: (in alphabetical order) Amadora (Portugal), Amesterdam (The Netherlands), Barakaldo (Spain), Belfast (United Kingdom), Bologna (Italy), Borlänge (Sweden), Bratislava (Slovakia), Chemnitz (Germany), Corby (United Kingdom), Leuven (Belgium), Łódź (Poland), Lom (Bulgaria), Mulhouse (France), Pécs (Hungary), Sfântu Gheorghe (Romania), and Tallinn (Estonia). The research was guided by some main questions in mind, such as: i) which are the main socio-economic processes and welfare policies at the local level influencing social inequality; ii) how have they evolved during the post-2008 crisis, the subsequent years of recovery, and the Covid-19 pandemic; and iii) what is the causal relation between the economic position of localities and the nature of social inequalities mitigated by local welfare policies?
Dissipation due to pure spin-current generated by spin pumping
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Tomohiro
name: Saslow, Wayne M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on spin-dependent transport theory and thermodynamics, we develop a generalized theory of the Joule heating in the presence of a spin current. Along with the conventional Joule heating consisting of an electric current and electrochemical potential, it is found that the spin current and spin accumulation give an additional dissipation because the spin-dependent scatterings inside bulk and ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic interface lead to a change of entropy. The theory is applied to investigate the dissipation due to pure spin-current generated by spin pumping across a ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic/ferromagnetic multilayer. The dissipation arises from an interface because the spin pumping is a transfer of both the spin angular momentum and the energy from the ferromagnet to conduction electrons near the interface. It is found that the dissipation is proportional to the enhancement of the Gilbert damping constant by spin pumping.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and contact enrichment ratios of 5,5-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-tris(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborinane
Creators: name: Amarne, Hazem
name: Helal, Wissam
name: Taher, Deeb
name: Korb, Markus
name: Al-Hunaiti, Afnan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The title compound C14H12BF9O2 (1) was obtained as the sole product during a failed attempt to make a new organoboron compound. Characterization of the title compound by NMR (1H, 13C{1H}, 19F{1H}, and 11B) spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffractometry confirmed the formation of 1. Compound 1 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1, with a = 8.275(5) Å, b = 8.611(5) Å, c = 10.910(5) Å, α = 89.634(5)°, β = 89.637(5)°, γ = 87.403(5)°, V = 776.6(7) Å3, and Z = 2. The intermolecular interactions in 1 were analyzed using the Hirshfeld surface method including 2 D fingerprint plots and enrichment ratios (E), which shows that the most favorable intermolecular contacts are the Cπ···F–C and C–H···F–C interactions. The interaction energies between molecular pairs revealed the importance of these weak non-covalent interactions in stabilizing the molecular structure of 1. The title compound was also studied by DFT calculations and UV-Vis spectroscopy.
The European consensus analysis in the ECHR: gay and transsexual rights cases
Creators: name: Polgari, Eszter
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2006
Subjects: European Court of Human Rights
family
European Union countries
gender discrimination
homosexuality
sexual orientation

description: Second semester University: Southern Denmark, Copenhagen.
description: This thesis investigates the theoretical and practical aspects of the European consensus analysis used by the European Court of Human Rights. It examines the role of the consensusbased approach in the light of the different modes of interpretation, and elaborates on the main elements required for establishing a common European approach. The gay and transsexual rights cases are assessed against this general framework. The case-studies focus on the application of the European consensus analysis in three main areas: the decriminalization of consensual homosexual acts, the family rights of gay and transsexual couples, and the rights of post-operative transsexuals. On the basis of the conclusions drawn from the case-studies the paper discusses the impact of the European consensus inquiry on the legitimacy of the Court. The central argument is that the application of the European consensus results in the violation of several rule-of-law principles, i.e. predictability, foreseeability and consistency. At the same time the thesis challenges the argument that the European consensus is merely a rhetorical tool, which allows the Court to avoid the charges of overreaching activism.
(500692) Sarah Hall
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Operationalizing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Cure-related Trials with Analytic Treatment Interruptions During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pandemic: A Collaborative Approach
Creators: name: Campbell, D.
name: Sauceda, J.A.
name: Peluso, M.J.
name: Shao, S.
name: Taylor, J.
name: Dee, L.
name: Gandhi, M.
name: Deeks, S.G.
name: Johnston, R.
name: Collins, S.
name: Dubé, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Efforts to recognize and minimize the risk to study participants will be necessary to safely and ethically resume scientific research in the context of the ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. These efforts are uniquely challenging in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cure clinical trials, which often involve complex experimental therapy regimens and perhaps analytic treatment interruption, in which participants pause antiretroviral therapy. In this viewpoint, we discuss our approach to reopening an HIV cure trial in this context, with a focus on key considerations regarding study design, informed consent and participant education, and study implementation. These recommendations might be informative to other groups seeking to resume HIV cure research in settings similar to ours.
Responsabile: un titolo tutto moderno
Creators: name: PsykoSapiens
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: L’uomo e gli stati evitano di ammettere responsabilità non solo per egoismo o ipocrisia, ma a causa di meccanismi biologici, psicologici, sociali e sistemici profondamente radicati. Al centro di questa dinamica vi è la negazione, spesso finalizzata a proteggere l’immagine di sé e a ridurre il disagio cognitivo. La paura del danno irreversibile e il bisogno di preservare la propria posizione sociale alimentano un ciclo vizioso: l’agire dannoso genera ulteriore paura, che conduce a nuove azioni distruttive. 

A livello culturale e politico, la società incoraggia la colpa come strumento di punizione anziché come opportunità di crescita, e le istituzioni preferiscono giustificare i propri errori attraverso ideologie o individuando capri espiatori. Questa condizione non è fallace nel senso logico classico, ma rappresenta un paradosso intrinseco dell’esistenza umana: il caos e il danno sono al tempo stesso minaccia e origine di trasformazione. 

L’analisi propone una visione che superi la logica binaria (bene/male, giusto/sbagliato) e abbracci il carattere tragico e complesso dell’agire umano, suggerendo di accettare il caos come parte fondamentale della nostra natura, osservandolo lucidamente senza negarlo.
Optimization of Non-Coding Regions for a Non-Modified mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine
Creators: name: Sellers, D.
name: Patel, S.
name: Cole, A.C.
name: Baric, R.S.
name: Martinot, A.
name: Flinchbaugh, Z.
name: Brown, R.
name: McMahan, K.
name: Lewis, M.G.
name: Roth, N.
name: Yalley-Ogunro, J.
name: Giffin, T.
name: Mueller, S.O.
name: Pessaint, L.
name: Valentin, D.
name: Andersen, H.
name: Muench, J.
name: He, X.
name: Barrett, J.
name: Martinez, D.R.
name: Rauch, S.
name: Liu, J.
name: Yu, J.
name: Cook, A.
name: Teow, E.
name: Liu, X.
name: Sanborn, O.
name: Barouch, D.H.
name: Hope, D.
name: Petsch, B.
name: Gebre, M.S.
name: Mercado, N.B.
name: Boon, A.C.M.
name: Chandrashekar, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: The CVnCoV (CureVac) mRNA vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 has recently been evaluated in a phase 2b/3 efficacy trial in humans1. CV2CoV is a second-generation mRNA vaccine with non-modified nucleosides but optimized non-coding regions and enhanced antigen expression. Here we report a head-to-head study of the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of CVnCoV and CV2CoV in nonhuman primates. We immunized 18 cynomolgus macaques with two doses of 12 ug of lipid nanoparticle formulated CVnCoV, CV2CoV, or sham (N=6/group). CV2CoV induced substantially higher binding and neutralizing antibodies, memory B cell responses, and T cell responses as compared with CVnCoV. CV2CoV also induced more potent neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the delta variant. Moreover, CV2CoV proved comparably immunogenic to the BNT162b2 (Pfizer) vaccine in macaques. While CVnCoV provided partial protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge, CV2CoV afforded more robust protection with markedly lower viral loads in the upper and lower respiratory tract. Binding and neutralizing antibody titers correlated with protective efficacy. These data demonstrate that optimization of non-coding regions can greatly improve the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a non-modified mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in nonhuman primates.
Modulating Oral Delivery and Gastrointestinal Kinetics of Recombinant Proteins via Engineered Fungi
Creators: name: Heavey, M.K.
name: Anselmo, A.C.
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Year: 2021

description: A new modality in microbe-mediated drug delivery has recently emerged wherein genetically engineered microbes are used to locally deliver recombinant therapeutic proteins to the gastrointestinal tract. These engineered microbes are often referred to as live biotherapeutic products (LBPs). Despite advanced genetic engineering and recombinant protein expression approaches, little is known on how to control the spatiotemporal dynamics of LBPs and their secreted therapeutics within the gastrointestinal tract. To date, the fundamental pharmacokinetic analyses for microbe-mediated drug delivery systems have not been described. Here, we explore the pharmacokinetics of an engineered, model protein-secreting Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which serves as an ideal organism for the oral delivery of complex, post-translationally modified proteins. We establish three methods to modulate the pharmacokinetics of an engineered, recombinant protein-secreting fungi system: (i) altering oral dose of engineered fungi, (ii) co-administering antibiotics, and (iii) altering recombinant protein secretion titer. Our findings establish the fundamental pharmacokinetics which will be essential in controlling downstream therapeutic response for this new delivery modality.
An Exploratory Analysis of the “Was It Worth It?” Questionnaire as a Novel Metric to Capture Patient Perceptions of Cancer Treatment
Creators: name: Dueck, A.C.
name: Thanarajasingam, G.
name: Schwab, G.
name: Mazza, G.L.
name: Bennett, A.V.
name: Rogak, L.J.
name: Roydhouse, J.
name: Basch, E.
name: Mead-Harvey, C.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Objectives: Asking “Was it worth it?” (WIWI) potentially captures the patient perception of a treatment's benefit weighed against its harms. This exploratory analysis evaluates the WIWI questionnaire as a metric of patients’ perspectives on the worthwhileness of cancer treatment. Methods: A 3-item WIWI questionnaire was assessed at end of treatment in patients with cancer on the COMET-2 trial (NCT01522443). WIWI items were evaluated to determine their association with quality of life (QOL), treatment duration, end-of-treatment reason, patient-reported adverse events (AEs), and disease response. Results: A total of 65 patients completed the questionnaire; 40 (62%), 16 (25%), and 9 (14%) patients replied yes, uncertain, and no to “Was it worthwhile for you to receive the cancer treatment given in this study?” (item 1), respectively; 39 (60%), 12 (18%), and 14 (22%) to “If you had to do it over again, would you choose to have this cancer treatment?”; and 40 (62%), 14 (22%), and 11 (17%) to “Would you recommend this cancer treatment to others?” Patients responding yes to item 1 remained on treatment longer than those responding uncertain or no (mean 23.0 vs 11.3 weeks, P<.001). Patients responding uncertain/no to item 1 discontinued treatment because of AEs more frequently than those responding yes (36% vs 7.5%, P=.004) and demonstrated meaningful decline in QOL from baseline (−2.5 vs −0.2 mean change, P<.001). Associations between WIWI responses and most patient-reported AEs or treatment efficacy did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Patients who responded affirmatively on WIWI items remained on therapy longer, were less likely to stop treatment because of AEs, and demonstrated superior QOL. The WIWI may inform clinical practice, oncology research, and value frameworks.
Hausdorff separability of the boundaries for spacetimes and sequential spaces
Creators: name: Flores, J. L.
name: Herrera, J.
name: Sanchez, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C50, 83C75, 54D55, 54A20

description: There are several ideal boundaries and completions in General Relativity sharing the topological property of being sequential, i.e., determined by the convergence of its sequences and, so, by some limit operator $L$. As emphasized in a classical article by Geroch, Liang and Wald, some of them have the property, commonly regarded as a drawback, that there are points of the spacetime $M$ non $T_1$-separated from points of the boundary $\partial M$. Here we show that this problem can be solved from a general topological viewpoint. In particular, there is a canonical minimum refinement of the topology in the completion $\overline{M}$ which $T_2$-separates the spacetime $M$ and its boundary $\partial M$ ---no matter the type of completion one chooses. Moreover, we analyze the case of sequential spaces and show how the refined $T_2$-separating topology can be constructed from a modification $L^*$ of the original limit operator $L$. Finally, we particularize this procedure to the case of the causal boundary and show how the separability of $M$ and $\partial M$ can be introduced as an abstract axiom in its definition.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, latex
PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS OF MICROCIRCULATION DISORDERS
Creators: name: Narzulaeva, Umida
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In the pathogenesis of many diseases requiring intensive treatment, hypoxia, ischemia and acidosis occur due to deterioration of blood rheological properties, microcirculatory disorders and capillary trophic insufficiency. Disturbances in the hemorheological system constitute a common mechanism in the pathogenesis of critical conditions. Therefore, improvement of blood rheological properties, i.e. optimization, is an important direction of intensive therapy
(500695) James Gaiger
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(500687) Edward Henry Currell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Ground-state phase diagram of the square lattice Hubbard model from density matrix embedding theory
Creators: name: Zheng, Bo-Xiao
name: Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the ground-state phase diagram of the Hubbard and frustrated Hubbard models on the square lattice with density matrix embedding theory using clusters of up to 16 sites. We provide an error model to estimate the reliability of the computations and complexity of the physics at different points in the diagram. We find superconductivity in the ground-state as well as competition between inhomogeneous charge, spin, and pairing states at low doping. The estimated errors in the study are below T$_c$ in the cuprates and on the scale of contributions in real materials that are neglected in the Hubbard model.
TEFCE Toolbox: An Institutional Self-Reflection Framework for Community Engagement in Higher Education
Creators: name: Farnell, Thomas
name: Benneworth, Paul
name: Ćulum Ilić, Bojana
name: Seeber, Marco
name: Šćukanec Schmidt, Ninoslav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Community engagement in higher education is about how universities address societal needs in partnership with their external communities. More precisely, the TEFCE project team proposes the following definitions of ‘engagement’, ‘community’ and ‘societal needs’.
(500691) William Gaiger
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Broadened Eligibility for Lung Cancer Screening: Challenges and Uncertainty for Implementation and Equity
Creators: name: Rivera, M.P.
name: Henderson, L.M.
name: Basch, E.
Publisher: name: American Medical Association
Year: 2021

description: In 2013, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended annual lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (CT) in US adults aged 55 to 80 years who currently smoke or formerly smoked with a 30 pack-year history, and for those who formerly smoked, quitting within the past 15 years (grade “B” recommendation). In this issue of JAMA, the USPSTF updates this recommendation, proposing 2 significant changes, both related to the population recommended to undergo screening. The first change reduces the age at which to initiate annual screening from 55 to 50 years. The second change reduces the smoking intensity from 30 to 20 pack-year history. Thus, the USPSTF now “recommends annual screening for lung cancer with LDCT [low-dose CT] in adults aged 50 to 80 years who have a 20 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years. Screening should be discontinued once a person has not smoked for 15 years or develops a health problem that substantially limits life expectancy or the ability or willingness to have curative lung surgery. (B recommendation)”
Moving Schwarzschild Black Hole and Modified Dispersion Relations
Creators: name: Hinojosa, Cristian Barrera
name: López-Sarrión, Justo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermodynamics of a moving Schwarzschild black hole, identifying the temperature and entropy in a relativistic scenario. Furthermore, we set arguments in a framework relating invariant geometrical quantities under global spacetime transformations and the dispersion relation of the system. We then extended these arguments in order to consider more general dispersion relations, and identify criteria to rule them out.
description: 10 pages, no figures. Several typos fixed. New reference added. Section IV was refined according to referee's comments. Accepted in PLB
Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes After Thoracic Surgery: Toward Better Remote Management of Perioperative Symptoms
Creators: name: Pompili, C.
name: Basch, E.
name: Velikova, G.
name: Mody, G.N.
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Year: 2021

description: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after thoracic surgery is increasingly important due to steadily improving survival and better clinical outcomes after treatment for early-stage lung cancer. The recent article by Avery and colleagues describes HRQOL in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for lung cancer in a single UK center. This prospective, longitudinal study is one of the few to use validated, disease-specific survey instruments to study this population. Until the results of the UK-based VIOLET trial (comparing the impact of VIdeo assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy versus conventional Open LobEcTomy) are available, this study provides the most contemporary information on HRQOL trajectory after lung cancer surgery. Importantly, the authors show HRQOL continues to suffer and residual symptoms persist at 1 year after minimally invasive lung cancer surgery. These findings demonstrate the need for longitudinal measurement of postoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in order to (1) provide an adjunct to traditional clinical outcomes as measures of quality, and (2) improve symptom management in routine clinical practice. Given the heterogeneity of international guidelines regarding the optimal follow-up schedule and duration after thoracic surgery, electronic PRO (ePRO) platforms that automatically deliver PRO surveys to patients at home and alert providers for concerning responses may serve to effectively monitor patients beyond the standard post-surgical follow-up periods.
(500686) Edward Currell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Do Spins Have Directions?
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
name: de Bianchi, Massimiliano Sassoli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard Bloch sphere representation was recently generalized to the 'extended Bloch representation' describing not only systems of arbitrary dimension, but also their measurements. This model solves the measurement problem and is based on the 'hidden-measurement interpretation', according to which the Born rule results from our lack of knowledge about the interaction between measuring apparatus and the measured entity. We present here the extended Bloch model and use it to investigate the nature of quantum spin and its relation to our Euclidean space. We show that spin eigenstates cannot generally be associated with directions in the Euclidean space, but only with generalized directions in the Blochean space, which generally is a space of higher dimension. Hence, spin entities have to be considered as genuine non-spatial entities. We also show, however, that specific vectors can be identified in the Blochean theater that are isomorphic to the Euclidean space directions, and therefore representative of them, and that spin eigenstates always have a predetermined orientation with respect to them. We use the details of our results to put forward a new view of realism, that we call 'multiplex realism', providing a specific framework with which to interpret the human observations and understanding of the component parts of the world. Elements of reality can be represented in different theaters, one being our customary Euclidean space, and another one the quantum realm, revealed to us through our sophisticated experiments, whose elements of reality, in the quantum jargon, are the eigenvalues and eigenstates. Our understanding of the component parts of the world can then be guided by looking for the possible connections, in the form of partial morphisms, between the different representations, which is precisely what we do in this article with regard to spin entities.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures
Patient Reported vs Claims Based Measures of Health for Modeling Life Expectancy in Men with Prostate Cancer
Creators: name: McMahon, S.
name: Smith, A.B.
name: Basch, E.
name: Zhou, X.
name: Nielsen, M.E.
name: Spratte, B.N.
name: Harris, A.H.S.
name: Tan, H.-J.
name: Lund, J.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2021

description: PURPOSE: Life expectancy has become a core consideration in prostate cancer care. While multiple prediction tools exist to support decision making, their discriminative ability remains modest, which hampers usage and utility. We examined whether combining patient reported and claims based health measures into prediction models improves performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results)-CAHPS (Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems) we identified men 65 years old or older diagnosed with prostate cancer from 2004 to 2013 and extracted 4 types of data, including demographics, cancer information, claims based health measures and patient reported health measures. Next, we compared the performance of 5 nested competing risk regression models for other cause mortality. Additionally, we assessed whether adding new health measures to established prediction models improved discriminative ability. RESULTS: Among 3,240 cases 246 (7.6%) died of prostate cancer while 631 (19.5%) died of other causes. The National Cancer Institute Comorbidity Index score was associated but weakly correlated with patient reported overall health (p <0.001, r=0.21). For predicting other cause mortality the 10-year area under the receiver operating characteristic curve improved from 0.721 (demographics only) to 0.755 with cancer information and to 0.777 and 0.812 when adding claims based and patient reported health measures, respectively. The full model generated the highest value of 0.820. Models based on existing tools also improved in their performance with the incorporation of new data types as predictor variables (p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Prediction models for life expectancy that combine patient reported and claims based health measures outperform models that incorporate these measures separately. However, given the modest degree of improvement, the implementation of life expectancy tools should balance model performance with data availability and fidelity.
Active Inference for Binary Symmetric Hidden Markov Models
Creators: name: Allahverdyan, Armen E.
name: Galstyan, Aram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider active maximum a posteriori (MAP) inference problem for Hidden Markov Models (HMM), where, given an initial MAP estimate of the hidden sequence, we select to label certain states in the sequence to improve the estimation accuracy of the remaining states. We develop an analytical approach to this problem for the case of binary symmetric HMMs, and obtain a closed form solution that relates the expected error reduction to model parameters under the specified active inference scheme. We then use this solution to determine most optimal active inference scheme in terms of error reduction, and examine the relation of those schemes to heuristic principles of uncertainty reduction and solution unicity.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Pediatric lymphoma patients in Malawi present with poor health-related quality of life at diagnosis and improve throughout treatment and follow-up across all Pediatric PROMIS-25 domains
Creators: name: Reeve, B.B.
name: Ellis, G.K.
name: Gopal, S.
name: Tilly, A.
name: Westmoreland, K.D.
name: Basch, E.
name: Seguin, R.
name: Manda, G.
name: Huibers, M.
name: Ozuah, N.
name: Itimu, S.
name: Stover, A.M.
name: Salima, A.
name: Chapman, H.
name: Butia, M.
name: Banda, G.
name: Manda, A.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: Background: Patient-reportedoutcomes (PROs) that assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are increasingly important components of cancer care and research that are infrequently used in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods: We administered the Chichewa Pediatric Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Pediatric (PROMIS)-25 at diagnosis, active treatment, and follow-up among pediatric lymphoma patients in Lilongwe, Malawi. Mean scores were calculated for the six PROMIS-25 HRQoL domains (Mobility, Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, Fatigue, Peer Relationships, Pain Interference). Differences in HRQoL throughout treatment were compared using the minimally important difference (MID) and an ANOVA analysis. Kaplan–Meier survival estimates and Cox hazard ratios for mortality are reported. Results: Seventy-five children completed PROMIS-25 surveys at diagnosis, 35 (47%) during active treatment, and 24 (32%) at follow-up. The majority of patients died (n = 37, 49%) or were lost to follow-up (n = 6, 8%). Most (n = 51, 68%) were male, median age was 10 (interquartile range [IQR] 8–12), 48/73 (66%) presented with advanced stage III/IV, 61 (81%) were diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma and 14 (19%) Hodgkin lymphoma. At diagnosis, HRQoL was poor across all domains, except for Peer Relationships. Improvements in HRQoL during active treatment and follow-up exceeded the MID. On exploratory analysis, fair-poor PROMIS Mobility <40 and severe Pain Intensity = 10 at diagnosis were associated with increased mortality risk and worse survival, but were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Pediatric lymphoma patients in Malawi present with poor HRQoL that improves throughout treatment and survivorship. Baseline PROMIS scores may provide important prognostic information. PROs offer an opportunity to include patient voices and prioritize holistic patient-centered care in low-resource settings.
New Insights on Jupiter's Deep Water Abundance from Disequilibrium Species
Creators: name: Wang, Dong
name: Gierasch, Peter
name: Lunine, Jonathan
name: Mousis, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulk water abundance on Jupiter potentially constrains the planet's formation conditions. We improve the chemical constraints on Jupiter's deep water abundance in this paper. The eddy diffusion coefficient is used to model vertical mixing in planetary atmosphere, and based on laboratory studies dedicated to turbulent rotating convection, we propose a new formulation of the eddy diffusion coefficient for the troposphere of giant planets. The new formulation predicts a smooth transition from the slow rotation regime (near the equator) to the rapid rotation regime (near the pole). We estimate an uncertainty for the newly derived coefficient of less than 25$\%$, which is much better than the one order of magnitude uncertainty used in the literature. We then reevaluate the water constraint provided by CO, using the newer eddy diffusion coefficient. We considered two updated CO kinetic models, one model constrains the water enrichment (relative to solar) between 0.1 and 0.75, while the other constrains the water enrichment between 3 and 11.
description: accepted for publication in Icarus
(500688) William Lloyd Currell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Mesoscale simulations of shockwave energy dissipation via chemical reactions
Creators: name: Antillon, Edwin
name: Strachan, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a particle-based mesoscale model that incorporates chemical reactions at a coarse-grained level to study the response of materials that undergo volume-reducing chemical reactions under shockwave-loading conditions. We find that such chemical reactions can attenuate the shockwave and characterize how the parameters of the chemical model affect this behavior. The simulations show that the magnitude of the volume collapse and velocity at which the chemistry propagates are critical to weaken the shock, whereas the energetics in the reactions play only a minor role. Shock loading results in transient states where the material is away from local equilibrium and, interestingly, chemical reactions can nucleate under such non-equilibrium states. Thus, the timescales for equilibration between the various degrees of freedom in the material affect the shock-induced chemistry and its ability to attenuate the propagating shock.
description: 35 pages, 12 figures
(500684) Mary Ann Margaret Jane Gaiger
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Mechanics of invagination and folding: hybridized instabilities when one soft tissue grows on another
Creators: name: Tallinen, Tuomas
name: Biggins, John S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the folding induced by differential growth in soft layered solids via an elementary model that consists of a soft growing neo-Hookean elastic layer adhered to a deep elastic substrate. As the layer/substrate modulus ratio is varied from above unity towards zero we find a first transition from supercritical smooth folding followed by cusping of the valleys to direct subcritical cusped folding, then another to supercritical cusped folding. Beyond threshold the high amplitude fold spacing converges to about four layer thicknesses for many modulus ratios. In three dimensions the instability gives rise to a wide variety of morphologies, including almost degenerate zigzag and triple-junction patterns that can coexist when the layer and substrate are of comparable softness. Our study unifies these results providing understanding for the complex and diverse fold morphologies found in biology, including the zigzag precursors to intestinal villi, and disordered zigzags and triple-junctions in mammalian cortex.
description: Accepted for publication by Phys Rev E
A real-world evaluation of radium-223 in combination with abiraterone or enzalutamide for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Creators: name: Morgan, K.P.
name: Milowsky, M.I.
name: Brower, B.
name: Basch, E.M.
name: Rose, T.L.
name: Godley, P.A.
name: Kim, S.I.
name: Crona, D.J.
name: Dunn, M.W.
name: Whang, Y.E.
name: Szeto, A.H.
name: Khandani, A.H.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2021

description: Introduction Radium-223, abiraterone, and enzalutamide have each been shown to significantly improve survival as monotherapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, effects of combination radium-223 plus abiraterone or enzalutamide on survival and safety remain unclear. Patients and methods This single-center retrospective cohort study used electronic health record data of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases who were treated with radium-223 between April 1, 2014 and February 19, 2019. Patients who received radium-223 monotherapy were compared to patients who received a combination of radium-223 plus either abiraterone or enzalutamide. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival, time to symptomatic skeletal event, symptomatic skeletal event-free survival, and incidence of drug-related adverse events. Time-to-event analyses were estimated by log rank tests using Kaplan-Meier curves. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were derived from Cox proportional hazards models. Chi-square tests evaluated difference in serious adverse events between the two arms. Results A total of 60 patients met inclusion criteria (n = 41 in the monotherapy arm, n = 19 in the combination arm). Differences in median overall survival were not observed (12.7 vs. 12.8 months; HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.59-2.23; P = 0.68), but median progression-free survival was significantly longer in the combination arm (7.6 vs. 4.9 months; HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.11-3.40; P = 0.02). Significant differences were not observed in time to first SSE (P = 0.97), SSE-free survival (P = 0.16), or in the overall incidence of serious adverse events (P = 0.45). Conclusion Combination radium-223 plus abiraterone or enzalutamide did not improve overall survival, but prolonged progression-free survival without increasing the incidence of serious adverse events in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with bone metastases. However, these results are limited by small numbers and patient selection inherent in retrospective analysis.