cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Implementation of the Maximum Entropy Method for Analytic Continuation
Creators: name: Levy, Ryan
name: LeBlanc, J. P. F.
name: Gull, Emanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present $\texttt{Maxent}$, a tool for performing analytic continuation of spectral functions using the maximum entropy method. The code operates on discrete imaginary axis datasets (values with uncertainties) and transforms this input to the real axis. The code works for imaginary time and Matsubara frequency data and implements the 'Legendre' representation of finite temperature Green's functions. It implements a variety of kernels, default models, and grids for continuing bosonic, fermionic, anomalous, and other data. Our implementation is licensed under GPLv2 and extensively documented. This paper shows the use of the programs in detail.
description: Code can be found at https://github.com/CQMP/Maxent
Generalized Group Profiling for Content Customization
Creators: name: Dehghani, Mostafa
name: Azarbonyad, Hosein
name: Kamps, Jaap
name: Marx, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68P20

description: There is an ongoing debate on personalization, adapting results to the unique user exploiting a user's personal history, versus customization, adapting results to a group profile sharing one or more characteristics with the user at hand. Personal profiles are often sparse, due to cold start problems and the fact that users typically search for new items or information, necessitating to back-off to customization, but group profiles often suffer from accidental features brought in by the unique individual contributing to the group. In this paper we propose a generalized group profiling approach that teases apart the exact contribution of the individual user level and the "abstract" group level by extracting a latent model that captures all, and only, the essential features of the whole group. Our main findings are the followings. First, we propose an efficient way of group profiling which implicitly eliminates the general and specific features from users' models in a group and takes out the abstract model representing the whole group. Second, we employ the resulting models in the task of contextual suggestion. We analyse different grouping criteria and we find that group-based suggestions improve the customization. Third, we see that the granularity of groups affects the quality of group profiling. We observe that grouping approach should compromise between the level of customization and groups' size.
description: Short paper (4 pages) published in proceedings of ACM SIGIR Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval (CHIIR'16)
B.R.N.O. Contributions #39 Times of minima
Creators: name: Hoňková, K.
name: Juryšek, J.
name: Lehký, M.
name: Šmelcer, L.
name: Mašek, M.
name: Mazanec, J.
name: Hanžl, D.
name: Urbaník, M.
name: Magris, M.
name: Vrašták, M.
name: Walter, F.
name: Hladík, B.
name: Medulka, T.
name: Bílek, F.
name: Trnka, J.
name: Jacobsen, J.
name: Benáček, J.
name: Kuchťák, B.
name: Audejean, M.
name: Ögmen, Y.
name: Zíbar, M.
name: Fatka, P.
name: Marchi, F.
name: Poddaný, S.
name: Quinones, C.
name: Tapia, L.
name: Scaggiante, F.
name: Zardin, D.
name: Corfini, G.
name: Hájek, P.
name: Lomoz, F.
name: Mravik, J.
name: Grnja, J.
name: Campos, F.
name: Čaloud, J.
name: Esseiva, N.
name: Jakš, S.
name: Horník, M.
name: Filip, J.
name: Uhlář, R.
name: Mina, F.
name: Artola, R.
name: Zalazar, J.
name: Müller, D.
name: Pintr, P.
name: Divišová, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents 1463 times of minima for 455 objects acquired by 46 members and cooperating observers of the Variable Star and Exoplanet Section of the Czech Astronomical Society (B.R.N.O. Observing project). Observations were carried out between October 2013 - September 2014. Some neglected southern eclipsing binaries and newly discovered stars by the observers of project B.R.N.O. are included in the list.
description: Published in OEJV, 66 pages, 1 figure
የመጽሐፍ ግምገማ: የተቀናጀ ንባብ በበእውቀቱ ስዩም የማለዳ ድባብ የግጥም መድብል
Creators: name: Aweke, Anteneh
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journal of Language, Culture and Communication
Year: 2023

description: Ethiopian Journal of Language, Culture and Communication, Vol 6 No 2 (2021)
A generalization of the simulation theorem for semidirect products
Creators: name: Barbieri, Sebastián
name: Sablik, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B05, 37B10

description: We generalize a result of Hochman in two simultaneous directions: Instead of realizing an effectively closed $\mathbb{Z}^d$ action as a factor of a subaction of a $\mathbb{Z}^{d+2}$-SFT we realize an action of a finitely generated group analogously in any semidirect product of the group with $\mathbb{Z}^2$. Let $H$ be a finitely generated group and $G = \mathbb{Z}^2 \rtimes H$ a semidirect product. We show that for any effectively closed $H$-dynamical system $(Y,f)$ where $Y$ is a Cantor set, there exists a $G$-subshift of finite type $(X,σ)$ such that the $H$-subaction of $(X,σ)$ is an extension of $(Y,f)$. In the case where $f$ is an expansive action of a recursively presented group $H$, a subshift conjugated to $(Y,f)$ can be obtained as the $H$-projective subdynamics of a $G$-sofic subshift. As a corollary, we obtain that $G$ admits a non-empty strongly aperiodic subshift of finite type whenever the word problem of $H$ is decidable.
On the nature of the enigmatic object IRAS 19312+1950: A rare phase of massive star formation?
Creators: name: Cordiner, M. A.
name: Boogert, A. C. A.
name: Charnley, S. B.
name: Justtanont, K.
name: Cox, N. L. J.
name: Smith, R. G.
name: Tielens, A. G. G. M.
name: Wirström, E. S.
name: Milam, S. N.
name: Keane, J. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: IRAS 19312+1950 is a peculiar object that has eluded firm characterization since its discovery, with combined maser properties similar to an evolved star and a young stellar object (YSO). To help determine its true nature, we obtained infrared spectra of IRAS 19312+1950 in the range 5-550 $μ$m using the Herschel and Spitzer space observatories. The Herschel PACS maps exhibit a compact, slightly asymmetric continuum source at 170 $μ$m, indicative of a large, dusty circumstellar envelope. The far-IR CO emission line spectrum reveals two gas temperature components: $\approx0.22M_{\odot}$ of material at $280\pm18$ K, and $\approx1.6M_{\odot}$ of material at $157\pm3$ K. The OI 63 $μ$m line is detected on-source but no significant emission from atomic ions was found. The HIFI observations display shocked, high-velocity gas with outflow speeds up to 90 km s$^{-1}$ along the line of sight. From Spitzer spectroscopy, we identify ice absorption bands due to H$_2$O at 5.8 $μ$m and CO$_2$ at 15 $μ$m. The spectral energy distribution is consistent with a massive, luminous ($\sim2\times10^4L_{\odot}$) central source surrounded by a dense, warm circumstellar disk and envelope of total mass $\sim500$-$700M_{\odot}$, with large bipolar outflow cavities. The combination of distinctive far-IR spectral features suggest that IRAS 19312+1950 should be classified as an accreting high-mass YSO rather than an evolved star. In light of this reclassification, IRAS 19312+1950 becomes only the 5th high-mass protostar known to exhibit SiO maser activity, and demonstrates that 18 cm OH maser line ratios may not be reliable observational discriminators between evolved stars and YSOs.
description: 16 pages. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Bots as Virtual Confederates: Design and Ethics
Creators: name: Krafft, Peter M
name: Macy, Michael
name: Pentland, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.4; K.4.1

description: The use of bots as virtual confederates in online field experiments holds extreme promise as a new methodological tool in computational social science. However, this potential tool comes with inherent ethical challenges. Informed consent can be difficult to obtain in many cases, and the use of confederates necessarily implies the use of deception. In this work we outline a design space for bots as virtual confederates, and we propose a set of guidelines for meeting the status quo for ethical experimentation. We draw upon examples from prior work in the CSCW community and the broader social science literature for illustration. While a handful of prior researchers have used bots in online experimentation, our work is meant to inspire future work in this area and raise awareness of the associated ethical issues.
description: Forthcoming in CSCW 2017
Report on the Humayma Excavation Project’s 2014 Survey of Petroglyphs and Quarries.
Creators: Reeves, M. Barbara
Harvey, Craig A.
Fergusson, Mike
Harden, Sherry
Holman, Lindsay M.
MacKinnon, Marla
Shelton, Andi
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2017

Ḥumayma, ancient Ḥawara, is the largest Nabataean and Roman period site in the Ḥisma desert of southern Jordan. The Nabataeans, in the first century BC, had founded a town with an impressive water-supply system here on a pre-existing caravan route. Just over a century later, following the creation of Provincia Arabia, the Romans chose to build a fort for 500 soldiers at this strategic location. The residents of Ḥumayma’s fort and town coexisted for the next three centuries, during which time socio-political conditions in the Roman and Byzantine Near East underwent many changes.
Possible explanations for fine-tuning of the universe
Creators: name: Kawana, Kiyoharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism and the multi-local field theory are interesting and promising candidates for solving the naturalness problem in the universe. These theories are based on the different physical principles: The former assumes the micro-canonical partition function $\int {\cal{D}}ϕ \prod_i δ(S_i^{}-I_i^{})$, and the latter assumes the partition function $\int {\cal{D}}ϕ \exp\left(iS_M^{}\right)$ where $S_M^{}$ is the multi-local action $\sum_i c_i^{}S_i^{}+\sum_{i,j}c_{i,j}^{}S_i^{}S_j^{}+\cdots $. Our main purpose is to show that they are equivalent in the sense that they predict the same fine-tuning mechanism. In order to clarify our argument, we first study (review) the similarity between the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism and statistical mechanics in detail, and show that the dynamical fine-tuning in the former picture can be understood completely in the same way as the determination of the temperature in the latter picture. Afterward, we discuss the multi-local theory and the equivalence between it and the the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism. Because the multi-local field theory can be obtained from physics at the Planck/String scale, this equivalence indicates that the micro-canonical picture can also originate in such physics. As a concrete example, we also review the IIB matrix model as an origin of the multi-local theory.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
The carbon holdings of northern Ecuador's mangrove forests
Creators: name: Hamilton, Stuart E.
name: Lovette, John
name: Borbor, Mercy
name: Millones, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within a GIS environment, we combine field measures of mangrove diameter, mangrove species distribution, and mangrove density with remotely sensed measures of mangrove location and mangrove canopy cover to estimate the mangrove carbon holdings of northern Ecuador. We find that the four northern estuaries of Ecuador contain approximately 7,742,999 t (plus or minus 15.47 percent) of standing carbon. Of particular high carbon holdings are the Rhizophora mangle dominated mangrove stands found in-and-around the Cayapas-Mataje Ecological Reserve in northern Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador and certain stands of Rhizophora mangle in-and-around the Isla Corazon y Fragata Wildlife Refuge in central Manabi Province, Ecuador. Our field driven mangrove carbon estimate is higher than all but one of the comparison models evaluated. We find that basic latitudinal mangrove carbon models performed at least as well, if not better, than the more complex species based allometric models in predicting standing carbon levels. In addition, we find that improved results occur when multiple models are combined as opposed to relying any one single model for mangrove carbon estimates. The high level of carbon contained in these mangrove forests, combined with the future atmospheric carbon sequestration potential they offer, makes it a necessity that they are included in any future payment for ecosystem services strategy aimed at utilizing forest systems to reduce CO2 emissions and mitigate predicted CO2 driven temperature increases.
description: 52 pages, 7 figures, 5 figures, final author copy
On Horizontal and Vertical Separation in Hierarchical Text Classification
Creators: name: Dehghani, Mostafa
name: Azarbonyad, Hosein
name: Kamps, Jaap
name: Marx, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68P20

description: Hierarchy is a common and effective way of organizing data and representing their relationships at different levels of abstraction. However, hierarchical data dependencies cause difficulties in the estimation of "separable" models that can distinguish between the entities in the hierarchy. Extracting separable models of hierarchical entities requires us to take their relative position into account and to consider the different types of dependencies in the hierarchy. In this paper, we present an investigation of the effect of separability in text-based entity classification and argue that in hierarchical classification, a separation property should be established between entities not only in the same layer, but also in different layers. Our main findings are the followings. First, we analyse the importance of separability on the data representation in the task of classification and based on that, we introduce a "Strong Separation Principle" for optimizing expected effectiveness of classifiers decision based on separation property. Second, we present Hierarchical Significant Words Language Models (HSWLM) which capture all, and only, the essential features of hierarchical entities according to their relative position in the hierarchy resulting in horizontally and vertically separable models. Third, we validate our claims on real-world data and demonstrate that how HSWLM improves the accuracy of classification and how it provides transferable models over time. Although discussions in this paper focus on the classification problem, the models are applicable to any information access tasks on data that has, or can be mapped to, a hierarchical structure.
description: Full paper (10 pages) accepted for publication in proceedings of ACM SIGIR International Conference on the Theory of Information Retrieval (ICTIR'16)
Baryon transition form factors at the pole
Creators: name: Tiator, L.
name: Döring, M.
name: Workman, R. L.
name: Hadžimehmedović, M.
name: Osmanović, H.
name: Omerović, R.
name: Stahov, J.
name: Švarc, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic resonance properties are uniquely defined at the pole and do not depend on the separation of the resonance from background or the decay channel. Photon-nucleon branching ratios are nowadays often quoted at the pole, and we generalize the considerations to the case of virtual photons. We derive and compare relations for nucleon to baryon transition form factors both for the Breit-Wigner and the pole positions. Using the MAID2007 and SAID SM08 partial wave analyses of pion electroproduction data, we compare the $G_M$, $G_E$, and $G_C$ form factors for the $Δ(1232)$ resonance excitation at the Breit-Wigner resonance and pole positions up to $Q^2=5$ GeV$^2$. We also explore the $E/M$ and $S/M$ ratios as functions of $Q^2$. For pole and residue extraction, we apply the Laurent + Pietarinen method.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
title: Analyse der Sauerstoffabhängigkeit von Leuchtstoffen auf Basis von Cer und Synthese von festen Lösungen mit Ce₂O₃
Creators: name: Totzauer, Lea Marie
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: Diese Arbeit umfasst die Untersuchung von Cer(III)oxid sowie cerhaltigen Leuchtstoffen bezüglich ihrer Eignung als Sauerstoffsensoren mittels Lumineszenz. Es wurden die festen Lösungen von Cer(III)oxid mit anderen Lanthanoid(III)oxiden synthetisiert und strukturell untersucht. Darüber hinaus wurden Eu³⁺-dotierte Ceroxide und Tb³⁺-dotierte Cerphosphate synthestiert und analysiert. Lumineszenzmessungen bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen und unter Atmosphären mit unterschiedlichen Sauerstoffanteilen zeigten, dass die Lumineszenzintensität der Leuchtstoffe durch die Atmosphäre beeinflusst wird. Die Untersuchungen dieser Arbeit umfassen auf der einen Seite Aspekte zur Grundlagenforschung von Ceroxid und zeigen außerdem, inwieweit cerbasierte anorganische Leuchtstoffe für die Sauerstoffsensorik mittels Lumineszenz geeignet sind.
Determining the First Order Character of La(Fe,Mn,Si)13
Creators: name: Bratko, Milan
name: Lovell, Edmund
name: Caplin, A. David
name: Basso, Vittorio
name: Barcza, Alexander
name: Katter, Matthias
name: Cohen, Lesley F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Definitive determination of first order character of the magnetocaloric magnetic transition remains elusive. Here we use a microcalorimetry technique in two modes of operation to determine the contributions to entropy change from latent heat and heat capacity separately in an engineered set of La(Fe, Mn, Si)13 samples. We compare the properties extracted by this method with those determined using magnetometry and propose a model independent parameter that would allow the degree of first order character to be defined across different families of materials. The microcalorimetry method is sufficiently sensitive to allow observation of an additional peak feature in the low field heat capacity associated with the presence of Mn in these samples. The feature is of magnetic origin but is insensitive to magnetic field, explicable in terms of inhomogeneous occupancy of Mn within the lattice resulting in antiferromagnetic ordered Mn clusters.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Enumerating independent vertex sets in grid graphs
Creators: name: Oh, Seungsang
name: Lee, Sangyop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 05C69, 15A99

description: A set of vertices in a graph is called independent if no two vertices of the set are connected by an edge. In this paper we use the state matrix recursion algorithm, developed by Oh, to enumerate independent vertex sets in a grid graph and even further to provide the generating function with respect to the number of vertices. We also enumerate bipartite independent vertex sets in a grid graph. The asymptotic behavior of their growth rates is presented.
Multiplayer Reach-Avoid Games via Pairwise Outcomes
Creators: name: Chen, Mo
name: Zhou, Zhengyuan
name: Tomlin, Claire J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A multiplayer reach-avoid game is a differential game between an attacking team with NA attackers and a defending team with ND defenders playing on a compact domain with obstacles. The attacking team aims to send M of the NA attackers to some target location, while the defending team aims to prevent that by capturing attackers or indefinitely delaying attackers from reaching the target. Although the analysis of this game plays an important role in many applications, the optimal solution to this game is computationally intractable when NA>1 or ND>1. In this paper, we present two approaches for the NA=ND=1 case to determine pairwise outcomes, and a graph theoretic maximum matching approach to merge these pairwise outcomes for an NA,ND>1 solution that provides guarantees on the performance of the defending team. We will show that the four-dimensional Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs approach allows for real-time updates to the maximum matching, and that the two-dimensional "path defense" approach is considerably more scalable with the number of players while maintaining defender performance guarantees.
description: to appear in IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
A New Reference Chemical Composition for TMC-1
Creators: name: Gratier, P.
name: Majumdar, L.
name: Ohishi, M.
name: Roueff, E.
name: Loison, J. -C.
name: Hickson, K. M.
name: Wakelam, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent detections of complex organic molecules in dark clouds have rekindled interest in the astrochemical modeling of these environments. Because of its relative closeness and rich molecular complexity, TMC-1 has been extensively observed to study the chemical processes taking place in dark clouds. We use local thermodynamical equilibrium radiative transfer modeling coupled with a Bayesian statistical method which takes into account outliers to analyze the data from the Nobeyama spectral survey of TMC-1 between 8 and 50 GHz. We compute the abundance relative to molecular hydrogen of 57 molecules, including 19 isotopologues in TMC-1 along with their associated uncertainty. The new results are in general agreement with previous abundance determination from Ohishi & Kaifu and the values reported in the review from Agundez & Wakelam. However, in some cases, large opacity and low signal to noise effects allow only upper or lower limits to be derived, respectively.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJS
The latest results from DICE (Detector Interferometric Calibration Experiment)
Creators: name: Crouzier, A.
name: Malbet, F.
name: Henault, F.
name: Leger, A.
name: Cara, C.
name: LeDuigou, J. M.
name: Preis, O.
name: Kern, P.
name: Delboulbe, A.
name: Martin, G.
name: Feautrier, P.
name: Stadler, E.
name: Lafrasse, S.
name: Rochat, S.
name: Ketchazo, C.
name: Donati, M.
name: Doumayrou, E.
name: Lagage, P. O.
name: Shao, M.
name: Goullioud, R.
name: Nemati, B.
name: Zhai, C.
name: Behar, E.
name: Potin, S.
name: Saint-Pe, M.
name: Dupont, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theia is an astrometric mission proposed to ESA in 2014 for which one of the scientific objectives is detecting Earth-like exoplanets in the habitable zone of nearby solar-type stars. This objective requires the capability to measure stellar centroids at the precision of 1e-5 pixel. Current state-of-the-art methods for centroid estimation have reached a precision of about 3e-5 pixel at two times Nyquist sampling, this was shown at the JPL by the VESTA experiment. A metrology system was used to calibrate intra and inter pixel quantum efficiency variations in order to correct pixelation errors. The Theia consortium is operating a testbed in vacuum in order to achieve 1e-5 pixel precision for the centroid estimation. The goal is to provide a proof of concept for the precision requirement of the Theia spacecraft. The testbed consists of two main sub-systems. The first one produces pseudo stars: a blackbody source is fed into a large core fiber and lights-up a pinhole mask in the object plane, which is imaged by a mirror on the CCD. The second sub-system is the metrology, it projects young fringes on the CCD. The fringes are created by two single mode fibers facing the CCD and fixed on the mirror. In this paper we present the latest experiments conducted and the results obtained after a series of upgrades on the testbed was completed. The calibration system yielded the pixel positions to an accuracy estimated at 4e-4 pixel. After including the pixel position information, an astrometric accuracy of 6e-5 pixel was obtained, for a PSF motion over more than 5 pixels. In the static mode (small jitter motion of less than 1e-3 pixel), a photon noise limited precision of 3e-5 pixel was reached.
Quantum knot mosaics and the growth constant
Creators: name: Oh, Seungsang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M27, 81P15, 81P68

description: Lomonaco and Kauffman introduced a knot mosaic system to give a precise and workable definition of a quantum knot system, the states of which are called quantum knots. This paper is inspired by an open question about the knot mosaic enumeration suggested by them. A knot $n$--mosaic is an $n \times n$ array of 11 mosaic tiles representing a knot or a link diagram by adjoining properly that is called suitably connected. The total number of knot $n$--mosaics is denoted by $D_n$ which is known to grow in a quadratic exponential rate. In this paper, we show the existence of the knot mosaic constant $δ= \lim_{n \rightarrow \infty} D_n^{\ \frac{1}{n^2}}$ and prove that $$4 \leq δ\leq \frac{5+ \sqrt{13}}{2} \ (\approx 4.303).$$
Phase boundary of spin-polarized-current state of electrons in bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Yan, Xin-Zhong
name: Ma, Yinfeng
name: Ting, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a four-band Hamiltonian, we study the phase boundary of spin-polarized-current state (SPCS) of interacting electrons in bilayer graphene. The model of spin-polarized-current state has previously been shown to resolve a number of experimental puzzles in bilayer graphene. The phase boundaries of the SPCS with and without the external voltage between the two layers are obtained in this work. An unusual phase boundary where there are two transition temperatures for a given carrier concentration is found at finite external voltage. The physics of this phenomenon is explained.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Thermoelectric properties of orthorhombic group IV-VI monolayers from the first-principles calculations
Creators: name: Guo, San-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) materials may have potential applications in thermoelectric devices. In this work, we systematically investigate the thermoelectric properties of orthorhombic group IV-VI monolayers $\mathrm{AB}$ (A=Ge and Sn; B=S and Se) by the first-principles calculations and semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory. The spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is included to investigate their electronic transport, which produces observable effects on power factor, especially for n-type doping. According to calculated $ZT$, the four monolayers exhibit diverse anisotropic thermoelectric properties, although they have similar hinge-like crystal structure. The GeS along zigzag and armchair directions shows the strongest anisotropy, while SnS and SnSe show mostly isotropic efficiency of thermoelectric conversion, which can be understood by the strength of anisotropy of their respective power factor, electronic and lattice thermal conductivities. Calculated results show that $ZT$ for different carriers of n- and p-type has little difference for GeS, SnS and SnSe. It is found that GeSe, SnS and SnSe show better thermoelectric performance compared to GeS in n-type doping, and SnS and SnSe exhibit higher efficiency of thermoelectric conversion in p-type doping. Compared to a lot of 2D materials, orthorhombic group IV-VI monolayers $\mathrm{AB}$ (A=Ge and Sn; B=S and Se) may possess better thermoelectric performance due to higher power factor and lower thermal conductivity. Our work would be beneficial to further experimental study.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
On orders of elements of finite almost simple groups with linear or unitary socle
Creators: name: Mariya, Grechkoseeva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20D06, 20D60

description: We say that a finite almost simple $G$ with socle $S$ is admissible (with respect to the spectrum) if $G$ and $S$ have the same sets of orders of elements. Let $L$ be a finite simple linear or unitary group of dimension at least three over a field of odd characteristic. We describe admissible almost simple groups with socle $L$. Also we calculate the orders of elements of the coset $Lτ$, where $τ$ is the inverse-transpose automorphism of $L$.
Bulk supertranslation memories: a concept reshaping the vacua and black holes of general relativity
Creators: name: Compère, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The memory effect is a prediction of general relativity on the same footing as the existence of gravitational waves. The memory effect is understood at future null infinity as a transition induced by null radiation from a Poincaré vacuum to another vacuum. Those are related by a supertranslation, which is a fundamental symmetry of asymptotically flat spacetimes. In this essay, I argue that finite supertranslation diffeomorphisms should be extended into the bulk spacetime consistently with canonical charge conservation. It then leads to fascinating geometrical features of gravitational Poincaré vacua. I then argue that in the process of black hole merger or gravitational collapse, dramatic but computable memory effects occur. They lead to a final stationary metric which qualitatively deviates from the Schwarzschild metric.
description: 5 pages + bibliography. Honorable mention at the Gravity Research Foundation 2016 Essay Contest
Activation cross sections of proton induced nuclear reactions on palladium up to 80 MeV
Creators: name: Tárkányi, F.
name: Ditrói, F.
name: Takács, S.
name: Csikai, J.
name: Hermanne, A.
name: Uddin, S.
name: Baba, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Activation cross sections of proton induced nuclear reactions on palladium were measured up to 80 MeV by using the stacked foil irradiation technique and gamma ray spectrometry. The beam intensity, the incident energy and the energy degradation were controlled by a method based on flux constancy via normalization to the excitation functions of monitor reactions measured in parallel. Excitation functions for direct and cumulative cross-sections were measured for the production of ${}^{104m,104g,105}$${}^{g,106m,110m}$Ag, ${}^{100,101}$Pd, ${}^{99m,99g,100,}$${}^{101m}$${}^{,101g,102m,102g,105}$Rh and ${}^{103,}$${}^{97}$Ru radioisotopes. The cross section data were compared with the theoretical predictions of TENDL-2014 and -2015 libraries. For practical applications thick target yields were derived from the measured excitation functions. Application in the field of medical radionuclide production is shortly discussed.
The Non-homogeneous Poisson Process for Fast Radio Burst Rates
Creators: name: Lawrence, Earl
name: Wiel, Scott Vander
name: Law, Casey J.
name: Spolaor, Sarah Burke
name: Bower, Geoffrey C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents the non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) for modeling the rate of fast radio bursts (FRBs) and other infrequently observed astronomical events. The NHPP, well-known in statistics, can model changes in the rate as a function of both astronomical features and the details of an observing campaign. This is particularly helpful for rare events like FRBs because the NHPP can combine information across surveys, making the most of all available information. The goal of the paper is two-fold. First, it is intended to be a tutorial on the use of the NHPP. Second, we build an NHPP model that incorporates beam patterns and a power law flux distribution for the rate of FRBs. Using information from 12 surveys including 15 detections, we find an all-sky FRB rate of 586.88 events per sky per day above a flux of 1 Jy (95\% CI: 271.86, 923.72) and a flux power-law index of 0.91 (95\% CI: 0.57, 1.25). Our rate is lower than other published rates, but consistent with the rate given in Champion et al. 2016.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Modeling the Rise of Fibril Magnetic Fields in Fully Convective Stars
Creators: name: Weber, Maria A.
name: Browning, Matthew K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many fully convective stars exhibit a wide variety of surface magnetism, including starspots and chromospheric activity. The manner by which bundles of magnetic field traverse portions of the convection zone to emerge at the stellar surface is not especially well understood. In the Solar context, some insight into this process has been gleaned by regarding the magnetism as consisting partly of idealized thin flux tubes (TFT). Here, we present the results of a large set of TFT simulations in a rotating spherical domain of convective flows representative of a 0.3 solar-mass, main-sequence star. This is the first study to investigate how individual flux tubes in such a star might rise under the combined influence of buoyancy, convection, and differential rotation. A time-dependent hydrodynamic convective flow field, taken from separate 3D simulations calculated with the anelastic equations, impacts the flux tube as it rises. Convective motions modulate the shape of the initially buoyant flux ring, promoting localized rising loops. Flux tubes in fully convective stars have a tendency to rise nearly parallel to the rotation axis. However, the presence of strong differential rotation allows some initially low latitude flux tubes of moderate strength to develop rising loops that emerge in the near-equatorial region. Magnetic pumping suppresses the global rise of the flux tube most efficiently in the deeper interior and at lower latitudes. The results of these simulations aim to provide a link between dynamo-generated magnetic fields, fluid motions, and observations of starspots for fully convective stars.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures, accepted to Astrophysical Journal
Optical linear polarization of 74 white dwarfs with the RoboPol polarimeter
Creators: name: Żejmo, M.
name: Słowikowska, A.
name: Krzeszowski, K.
name: Reig, P.
name: Blinov, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first linear polarimetric survey of white dwarfs (WDs). Our sample consists of WDs of DA and DC spectral types in the SDSS r magnitude range from 13 to 17. We performed polarimetric observations with the RoboPol polarimeter attached to the 1.3-m telescope at the Skinakas Observatory. We have 74 WDs in our sample, of which almost all are low polarized WDs with polarization degree (PD) smaller than 1%, while only 2 have PD higher than 1%. There is an evidence that on average the isolated WDs of DC type have higher PD (with median PD of 0.78%) than the isolated DA type WDs (with median PD of 0.36%). On the other hand, the median PD of isolated DA type WDs is almost the same, i.e. 0.36% as the median PD of DA type white dwarfs in binary systems with red dwarfs (dM type), i.e. 0.33%. This shows, as expected, that there is no contribution to the PD from the companion if the WD companion is the red dwarf, which is the most common situation for WDs binary systems. We do not find differences in the polarization degree between magnetic and non-magnetic WDs. Because 97% of WDs in our sample have PD lower than 1%, they can be used as faint zero--polarized standard star in the magnitude range from 13 up to 17 of SDSS r filter. They cover the Northern sky between 13 hour to 23 hour in right ascension and from -11 degrees to 78 degrees in declination. Additionally, we found that for low extinction values (< 0.04) the best model that describes the dependence of PD on E(B-V) is given by the equation: PD_{max, ISM}[%] = 0.65 x E(B-V)^{0.12}.
description: submitted to MNRAS, electronic version of combined Tab 1 and Tab 4 under the link http://astro.ia.uz.zgora.pl/~chriss/grant/tables_en.html
Potential Energy Landscape of the Apparent First-Order Phase Transition between Low-Density and High-Density Amorphous Ice
Creators: name: Giovambattista, Nicolas
name: Sciortino, Francesco
name: Starr, Francis W.
name: Poole, Peter H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The potential energy landscape (PEL) formalism is a valuable approach within statistical mechanics for describing supercooled liquids and glasses. Here we use the PEL formalism and computer simulations to study the pressure-induced transformations between low-density amorphous ice (LDA) and high-density amorphous ice (HDA) at different temperatures. We employ the ST2 water model for which the LDA-HDA transformations are remarkably sharp, similar to what is observed in experiments, and reminiscent of a first-order phase transition. Our results are consistent with the view that LDA and HDA configurations are associated with two distinct regions (megabasins) of the PEL that are separated by a potential energy barrier. At higher temperature, we find that low-density liquid (LDL) configurations are located in the same megabasin as LDA, and that high-density liquid (HDL) configurations are located in the same megabasin as HDA. We show that the pressure-induced LDL-HDL and LDA-HDA transformations occur along paths that interconnect these two megabasins, but that the path followed by the liquid is different than the path followed by the amorphous solid. At higher pressure, we also study the liquid-to-ice-VII first-order phase transition, and find that the behavior of the PEL properties across this transition are qualitatively similar to the changes found during the LDA-HDA transformation. This similarity supports the interpretation that the LDA-HDA transformation is a first-order-like phase transition between out-of-equilibrium states.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures
Analytic Asymptotic Solution to Spherical Relativistic Shock Breakout
Creators: name: Yalinewich, Almog
name: Sari, Re'em
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relativistic breakout of a shock wave from the surface of a star. In this process, each fluid shell is endowed with some kinetic and thermal energy by the shock, and then continues to accelerate adiabatically by converting thermal energy into kinetic energy. This problem has been previously studied for a mildly relativistic breakout, where the acceleration ends close to the surface of the star. The current work focuses on the case where the acceleration ends at distances much greater than the radius of the star. We derive an analytic description for the hydrodynamic evolution of the ejecta in this regime, and validate it using a numerical simulation. We also provide predictions for the expected light curves and spectra from such an explosion. The relevance to astrophysical explosions is discussed, and it is shown that such events require more energy than is currently believed to result from astrophysical explosions.
A Janus-faced policy: explaining Indonesian counter diplomacy toward West Papua’s quest for nationhood
Creators: name: Nazala, Rochdi Mohan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: One noteworthy feature of Indonesia's policies against West Papua's struggle for self-determination since 1998 is increased diplomatic activity aimed at countering independence activists' efforts to gain wider recognition abroad. Unfortunately, few articles have discussed Indonesia's foreign policy approach to challenging West Papuan secession, and none of them have explained the variables that influence the Indonesian government's decision to pursue that policy. Using neoclassical realism as its theoretical foundation, the current study aims to fill this gap by identifying factors that shaped Indonesia's decision to begin a vigorous international campaign to contest West Papua's quest for independence as well as its policies between 1998 and 2019. Several findings have been made; first, an examination of Indonesia's foreign policy regarding the issue of West Papuan secessionism highlights the importance of the composition of foreign policy elites involved. This study observes that the President, foreign minister, and senior KEMLU officials—who could be called foreign policy elites—are critical stakeholders when making decisions regarding Indonesia's counter diplomacy. Second, this study observes that the interplay between external and internal factors shaped Indonesian foreign policy elites' decision to not only challenge Papuan aspirations for nationhood abroad but also to maintain that policy over the past two decades. Externally, the strengthening of international concern for West Papua since the end of 1990s has certainly presented Indonesia's foreign policy elites with new pressures. However, international imperatives alone do not dictate the output of Indonesia's foreign policymaking; internal elements also have a role in shaping the output of the decision-making process. To this extent, internal elements—specifically, KEMLU and Indonesia's long-embedded cultural opposition to the secession of West Papua—have served as "intervening variables" in Indonesia's use of counter diplomacy to respond to Papua's aspirations for nationhood and related external imperatives.
Inverse-Complete Semiring
Creators: name: Mtskerashvili
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This paper introduces new algebraic structure inverse-complete semiring (ICS)that generalizes semirings by incorporating a novel treatment of zero and di-vision by zero (DBZ). Unlike conventional semirings, ICS introduces a non-absorbing zero that allows for the existence of multiplicative inverses for allelements, including zero. This paper provides a consistent algebraic foundationfor handling previously undefined operations, such as division by zero, and offerspotential applications in mathematical fields where singularities and undefinedbehavior arise.
Enhancing vision : a project on audio-visual decision-making, and a project on strengthening the visual system by short-term monocular patching
Creators: name: Chua, Siu Fung Andrew
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Decision-making
subject: Multisensory
subject: Computational modelling
subject: Eye-patching
subject: Amblyopia
subject: Adult neuroplasticity
subject: Contrast sensitivity
subject: Stereovision
subject: BF241.C5
subject: Visual perception
subject: Decision making
subject: Amblyopia
subject: Neuroplasticity
subject: Contrast sensitivity (Vision)

description: Vision is important; two projects were conducted to explore the enhancement of vision (multisensory combination, novel procedure to improve visual functioning). In the first project, audition was combined with vision, to examine if the conjunction of two sensory modalities benefits sensory decision-making in the context of looming – a potentially dangerous motion requiring quick responses (e.g., Neuhoff, 2001). Four behavioural experiments were conducted, testing responses towards auditory, visual, or audio-visual motion-in-depth signals (i.e., looming or receding). From behavioural data, the decision-making mechanism was explored in two separate analyses: 1) a comparative approach (e.g., Innes & Otto, 2019) which compared empirical data to predictions made using probability summation (Raab, 1962), and 2) a computational modelling approach which determined the best permutation of an interactive probability summation rule (Otto & Mamassian, 2012) to fit the empirical data. Altogether, the first project revealed that decision-making had a speed benefit when auditory and visual signals were both present, compared to either modality alone, and this benefit could be explained by a probability summation rule with simple audio-visual interactions. Not found was evidence of especially quick processing uniquely towards audio-visual looming signals. For the second research direction, a pilot study was conducted to test a novel short-term monocular patching technique which purportedly induces eye dominance via latent neuroplasticity (e.g., Lunghi, Burr, & Morrone, 2011), with the idea that it could become a procedure for improving amblyopic visual functioning. In one small-scale experiment (n=4), a significant dominance effect on the patched eye was found, but the effect was short-lived. Two single-participant experiments indicated that patching durations should not be too short (10 minutes) and stereopsis sensitivity may slightly change after patching. This pilot study offered a preliminary look into patching effects, on the back of which further experiments are suggested.
Spin dipole nuclear matrix elements for double beta decay nuclei by charge-exchange reactions
Creators: name: Ejiri, H.
name: Frekers, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin dipole (SD) strengths for double beta-decay (DBD) nuclei were studied experimentally for the first time by using measured cross sections of (3He,t) charge exchange reactions (CERs). Then SD nuclear matrix elements (NMEs) for low-lying 2- states were derived from the experimental SD strengths by referring to the experimental GT (Gamow-Teller) and F (Fermi) strengths. They are consistent with the empirical SD NMEs based on the quasi-particle model with the empirical effective SD coupling constant. The CERs are used to evaluate the SD NME, which is associated with one of the major components of the neutrino-less DBD NME.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure