cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 3 of Electroactive nano-Biohybrid actuator composed of gold nanoparticle-embedded muscle bundle on molybdenum disulfide nanosheet-modified electrode for motion enhancement of biohybrid robot
Creators: name: Shin, Minkyu
name: Choi, Jin-Ha
name: Lim, Joungpyo
name: Cho, Sungwoo
name: Ha, Taehyeong
name: Jeong, Jae Hyun
name: Choi, Jeong-Woo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Figure S1. Characterization of HA@GNPs-embedded muscle bundle. (a) Fabrication process HA@GNPs-embedded muscle bundle. TEM images of (b) GNP and (c) HA@GNP. (d) optical image of HA@GNPs-embedded muscle bundle. Figure S2. Fabrication of MoS2 NS-modified Au-coated PI electrode. (a) AFM image and (b) thickness of synthesized MoS2 NSs. (c) schematic diagram of synthesis of MoS2 NNs and MoS2 NS-modified Au-coated PI electrode. (d) optical image of MoS2 NS-modified Au-coated PI electrode. Figure S3. Analysis to investigate the biocompatibility of the PBS electrolyte for electroactive nano-biohybrid actuator. (a) Quantification of cell viability via MTT assay after 15 min. (b) variation of current value with different electrolyte. Figure S4. Confirmation of muscle cell differentiation included in the HA@GNPs-embedded muscle bundle. (a) schematic diagram of composition of HA@GNPs-embedded muscle bundle. (b) immunostainning image of muscle cells cultured on control and HA@GNPs contained hydrogel. Green:α-actinin; blue: hoechst for staining cell nuclei: red:MHC. Scale bar : 100 µm. Morphometric analysis of (c) myotube width and (d) fusion index (*p <= 0.05, **p <= 0.01, and ***p < 0.001). Gene expression levels of (e) myogenic factor 5 (Myf5), (f) myogenin (MyoG), (g) MHC (MyHC1) analyzed by real-time PCR (*p <= 0.05, **p <= 0.01, and ***p < 0.001).
Supplementary online material of scientific note "Lead bioaccumulation in herbivorous insects and parasitoids reared on plants grown in lead-contaminated soil under field conditions" published in Entomological Communications (ISSN 2675-1305), 2024.
Creators: name: Morales Silva, Tiago
name: Corrêa-Silva, Bruna
name: Faria, Lucas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310302
subject: Community ecology (excl. invasive species ecology)
classificationCode: 310308
subject: Terrestrial ecology

description: The data presented here are methodological details and complementary results of the article "Lead bioaccumulation in herbivorous insects and parasitoids reared on plants grown in lead-contaminated soil under field conditions" published in the journal Entomological Communications.
Supplementary document for Tailored supercontinuum generation using genetic algorithm optimized Fourier domain pulse shaping - 6477054.pdf
Creators: name: hary, mathilde
name: SALMELA, lauri
name: Ryczkowski, Piotr
name: Gallazzi, Francesca
name: Dudley, John
name: Genty, Goëry
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Material 1
The impact of health information technology on hospitalization outcomes in United States hospitals
Creators: name: Anku, Ernest
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2025

description: In recent years, Health Information Technology (Health IT) has been widely implemented in United States hospitals to improve patient outcomes including patient mortality rates, readmission rates, and length of stay, streamline healthcare operations, and reduce costs. Despite substantial investments and policy support through initiatives like the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act, there is limited evidence assessing Health IT’s direct impact on critical metrics such as hospitalization outcomes. This study addresses a significant gap in understanding the relationship between Health IT implementation and patient outcomes by investigating how variations in Health IT influence hospitalization outcomes. METHOD: This study utilized a quantitative methodology in analyzing nationwide data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) and the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS). The study focused on dependent variables, including hospital discharge rates, hospital length of stay, hospital total charges and independent variables related to Health IT software and IT infrastructure. Statistical analysis was conducted using multiple regression to determine if Health IT implementation stages were significant predictors of hospitalization outcome. RESULTS: The analysis revealed hospitals with advanced Health IT stages demonstrated statistically an increase in total hospital discharges. Also, the study suggests hospitals with Electronic medical record (EMR), Electronic health record (EHR), Ultrasound imaging devices, and Infection detecting technologies experience an increase in hospital length of stay (LOS). Findings suggested that specific Health IT components, such as electronic health and medical records systems, were positively associated with improved patient outcomes, particularly in reducing hospital-related adverse events. However, the influence of Health IT infrastructure varied by hospital demographics, including size, region, and teaching status, indicating that the effectiveness of Health IT may depend on institutional characteristics. CONCLUSION: This study underscores the potential of Health IT as a tool for enhancing patient safety and increasing hospitalization outcomes. Although advanced Health IT systems correlate with hospital discharge rates, hospital length of stay, hospital total charges, the results indicate that Health IT implementation alone is not a universal solution. Effective use of Health IT requires tailored strategies that consider hospital- specific factors and comprehensive training for healthcare providers.
Bert4XMR: Cross-Market Recommendation with Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformer
Creators: name: Hu, Zheng
name: Nakagawa, Satoshi
name: Cai, Shi-Min
name: Ren, Fuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Real-world multinational e-commerce companies, such as Amazon and eBay, serve in multiple countries and regions. Some markets are data-scarce, while others are data-rich. In recent years, cross-market recommendation (XMR) has been proposed to bolster data-scarce markets by leveraging auxiliary information from data-rich markets. Previous XMR algorithms have employed techniques such as sharing bottom or incorporating inter-market similarity to optimize the performance of XMR. However, the existing approaches suffer from two crucial limitations: (1) They ignore the co-occurrences of items provided by data-rich markets. (2) They do not adequately tackle the issue of negative transfer stemming from disparities across diverse markets. In order to address these limitations, we propose a novel session-based model called Bert4XMR, which is able to model item co-occurrences across markets and mitigate negative transfer. Specifically, we employ the pre-training and fine-tuning paradigm to facilitate knowledge transfer across markets. Pre-training occurs on global markets to learn item co-occurrences, while fine-tuning happens in the target market for model customization. To mitigate potential negative transfer, we separate the item representations into market embeddings and item embeddings. Market embeddings model the bias associated with different markets, while item embeddings learn generic item representations. Extensive experiments conducted on seven real-world datasets illustrate our model's effectiveness. It outperforms the suboptimal model by an average of $4.82\%$, $4.73\%$, $7.66\%$, and $6.49\%$ across four metrics. Through the ablation study, we experimentally demonstrate that the market embedding approach helps prevent negative transfer, especially in data-scarce markets. Our implementations are available at https://github.com/laowangzi/Bert4XMR.
Additional file 2 of Technical innovations in stroke rehabilitation – a survey for development of a non-invasive, brainwave-guided, functional muscle stimulation
Creators: name: Liebl, Stefanie
name: Tischendorf, Tim
name: Winterlich, Julia
name: Schaal, Tom
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2.
TFDet: Target-Aware Fusion for RGB-T Pedestrian Detection
Creators: name: Zhang, Xue
name: Zhang, Xiaohan
name: Wang, Jiangtao
name: Ying, Jiacheng
name: Sheng, Zehua
name: Yu, Heng
name: Li, Chunguang
name: Shen, Hui-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pedestrian detection plays a critical role in computer vision as it contributes to ensuring traffic safety. Existing methods that rely solely on RGB images suffer from performance degradation under low-light conditions due to the lack of useful information. To address this issue, recent multispectral detection approaches have combined thermal images to provide complementary information and have obtained enhanced performances. Nevertheless, few approaches focus on the negative effects of false positives caused by noisy fused feature maps. Different from them, we comprehensively analyze the impacts of false positives on the detection performance and find that enhancing feature contrast can significantly reduce these false positives. In this paper, we propose a novel target-aware fusion strategy for multispectral pedestrian detection, named TFDet. TFDet achieves state-of-the-art performance on two multispectral pedestrian benchmarks, KAIST and LLVIP. TFDet can easily extend to multi-class object detection scenarios. It outperforms the previous best approaches on two multispectral object detection benchmarks, FLIR and M3FD. Importantly, TFDet has comparable inference efficiency to the previous approaches, and has remarkably good detection performance even under low-light conditions, which is a significant advancement for ensuring road safety.
description: This paper has been accepted by IEEE T-NNLS journal. Please jump to External DOI to view the official version
Quantum Chaos and Coherence: Random Parametric Quantum Channels
Creators: name: Matsoukas-Roubeas, Apollonas S.
name: Prosen, Tomaž
name: del Campo, Adolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The survival probability of an initial Coherent Gibbs State (CGS) is a natural extension of the Spectral Form Factor (SFF) to open quantum systems. To quantify the interplay between quantum chaos and decoherence away from the semi-classical limit, we investigate the relation of this generalized SFF with the corresponding $l_1$-norm of coherence. As a working example, we introduce Parametric Quantum Channels (PQC), a discrete-time model of unitary evolution mixed with the effects of measurements or transient interactions with an environment. The Energy Dephasing (ED) dynamics arises as a specific case in the Markovian limit. We demonstrate our results in a series of random matrix models.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures
Scenario Extraction from a Large Real-World Dataset for the Assessment of Automated Vehicles
Creators: name: Guo, Detian
name: Sánchez, Manuel Muñoz
name: de Gelder, Erwin
name: van der Sande, Tom P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many players in the automotive field support scenario-based assessment of automated vehicles (AVs), where individual traffic situations can be tested and, thus, facilitate concluding on the performance of AVs in different situations. Since a large number of different scenarios can occur in real-world traffic, the question is how to find a finite set of relevant scenarios. Scenarios extracted from large real-world datasets represent real-world traffic since real driving data is used. Extracting scenarios, however, is challenging because (1) the scenarios to be tested should assess the AVs behave safely, which conflicts with the fact that the majority of the data contains scenarios that are not interesting from a safety perspective, and (2) extensive data processing is required, which hinders the utilization of large real-world datasets. In this work, we propose an approach for extracting scenarios from real-world driving data. The first step is data preprocessing to tackle the errors and noise in real-world data by reconstructing the data. The second step performs data tagging to label actors' activities, their interactions with each other and the environment. Finally, the scenarios are extracted by searching for combinations of tags. The proposed approach is evaluated using data simulated with CARLA and applied to a part of a large real-world driving dataset, i.e., the Waymo Open Motion Dataset (WOMD). The code and scenarios extracted from WOMD are open to the research community to facilitate the assessment of the automated driving functions in different scenarios.
description: 6 pages, accepted by ITSC 2023
World Modeling for Intelligent Autonomous Systems
Creators: name: Belkin, Andrey
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: World
Modeling
Intelligent
Autonomous
Systems

description: Within the scope of this work, we have attained a row of theoretical and
experimental results in the field of world modeling as well as gathered significant
experience and expertise. The covered topics include concepts and
approaches for dynamic and prior knowledge modeling, information association,
fusion and management as well as their practical realization and
experimental evaluation.
Search for leptoquark pair production decaying into $te^- \bar{t}e^+$ or $tμ^- \bar{t}μ^+$ in multi-lepton final states in $pp$ collisions at 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for leptoquark pair production decaying into $te^- \bar{t}e^+$ or $tμ^- \bar{t}μ^+$ in final states with multiple leptons is presented. The search is based on a dataset of $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139~fb$^{-1}$. Events are selected with two or more light leptons (electron or muon) and at least two jets out of which at least one jet is identified as coming from a $b$-hadron. Four signal regions, with the requirement of at least three light leptons, are considered based on the number of leptons of a given flavour. The main background processes are estimated using dedicated control regions in a simultaneous fit with the signal regions to data. No excess above the Standard Model background prediction is observed and 95% confidence level limits on the production cross section times branching ratio are derived as a function of the leptoquark mass. Under the assumption of exclusive decays into $te^{-}$ ($tμ^{-}$), the corresponding lower limit on the scalar mixed-generation leptoquark mass $m_{\mathrm{LQ}_{\mathrm{mix}}^{\mathrm{d}}}$ is at 1.58 (1.59) TeV and on the vector leptoquark mass $m_{\tilde{U}_1}$ at 1.67 (1.67) TeV in the minimal coupling scenario and at 1.95 (1.95) TeV in the Yang-Mills scenario.
description: 61 pages in total, author list starting page 44, 11 figures, 6 tables, published by EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2020-08
Majorana-mediated thermoelectric transport in multiterminal junctions
Creators: name: Klees, Raffael L.
name: Gresta, Daniel
name: Sturm, Jonathan
name: Molenkamp, Laurens W.
name: Hankiewicz, Ewelina M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unambiguous identification of Majorana zero modes (MZMs) is one of the most outstanding problems of condensed matter physics. Thermal transport provides a detection tool that is sensitive to these chargeless quasiparticles. We study thermoelectric transport between metallic leads transverse to a Josephson junction. The central double quantum dot hosts conventional or topological Andreev states that depend on the phase difference $ϕ$. We show that the presence of MZMs can be identified by a significant amplification of both the electrical and thermal conductance at $ϕ\approx π$ as well as the Seebeck coefficient at $ϕ\approx 0$. In addition, we show that the Wiedemann-Franz law is strongly violated in the presence of MZMs around $ϕ\approx π$ when compared to the conventional case. We further investigate the robustness of our results against Cooper pair splitting processes.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, content corresponds to the published version
Generalised linear response theory for the full quantum work statistics
Creators: name: Guarnieri, Giacomo
name: Eisert, Jens
name: Miller, Harry J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a quantum system driven out of equilibrium via a small Hamiltonian perturbation. Building on the paradigmatic framework of linear response theory (LRT), we derive an expression for the full generating function of the dissipated work. Remarkably, we find that all information about the distribution can be encoded in a single quantity, the standard relaxation function in LRT, thus opening up new ways to use phenomenological models to study non-equilibrium fluctuations in complex quantum systems. Our results establish a number of refined quantum thermodynamic constraints on the work statistics that apply to regimes of perturbative but arbitrarily fast protocols, and do not rely on assumptions such as slow driving or weak coupling. Finally, our approach uncovers a distinctly quantum signature in the work statistics that originates from underlying zero-point energy fluctuations. This causes an increased dispersion of the probability distribution at short driving times, a feature that can be probed in efforts to witness non-classical effects in quantum thermodynamics.
description: 11 pages, two figures. v2 contains corrections to typos along with some reformatting of equations, an expanded bibliography, an additional example, and a proof of the classical limit
VR Job Interview Using a Gender-Swapped Avatar
Creators: name: Kim, Jieun
name: Sandhaus, Hauke
name: Fussell, Susan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.m

description: Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a potential solution for mitigating bias in a job interview by hiding the applicants' demographic features. The current study examines the use of a gender-swapped avatar in a virtual job interview that affects the applicants' perceptions and their performance evaluated by recruiters. With a mixed-method approach, we first conducted a lab experiment (N=8) exploring how using a gender-swapped avatar in a virtual job interview impacts perceived anxiety, confidence, competence, and ability to perform. Then, a semi-structured interview investigated the participants' VR interview experiences using an avatar. Our findings suggest that using gender-swapped avatars may reduce the anxiety that job applicants will experience during the interview. Also, the affinity diagram produced seven key themes highlighting the advantages and limitations of VR as an interview platform. These findings contribute to the emerging field of VR-based recruitment and have practical implications for promoting diversity and inclusion in the hiring process.
description: CSCW 2022 Posters
Quantum speed limit for states and observables of perturbed open systems
Creators: name: Yadin, Benjamin
name: Imai, Satoya
name: Gühne, Otfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum speed limits provide upper bounds on the rate with which a quantum system can move away from its initial state. Here, we provide a different kind of speed limit, describing the divergence of a perturbed open system from its unperturbed trajectory. In the case of weak coupling, we show that the divergence speed is bounded by the quantum Fisher information under a perturbing Hamiltonian, up to an error which can be estimated from system and bath timescales. We give two applications of our speed limit. Firstly, it enables experimental estimation of quantum Fisher information in the presence of decoherence that is not fully characterised. Secondly, it implies that large quantum work fluctuations are necessary for a thermal system to be driven quickly out of equilibrium under a quench. Moreover, it can be used to bound the response to perturbations of expectation values of observables in open systems.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. Close to published version. Comments welcome
MARS: An Instance-aware, Modular and Realistic Simulator for Autonomous Driving
Creators: name: Wu, Zirui
name: Liu, Tianyu
name: Luo, Liyi
name: Zhong, Zhide
name: Chen, Jianteng
name: Xiao, Hongmin
name: Hou, Chao
name: Lou, Haozhe
name: Chen, Yuantao
name: Yang, Runyi
name: Huang, Yuxin
name: Ye, Xiaoyu
name: Yan, Zike
name: Shi, Yongliang
name: Liao, Yiyi
name: Zhao, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, autonomous cars can drive smoothly in ordinary cases, and it is widely recognized that realistic sensor simulation will play a critical role in solving remaining corner cases by simulating them. To this end, we propose an autonomous driving simulator based upon neural radiance fields (NeRFs). Compared with existing works, ours has three notable features: (1) Instance-aware. Our simulator models the foreground instances and background environments separately with independent networks so that the static (e.g., size and appearance) and dynamic (e.g., trajectory) properties of instances can be controlled separately. (2) Modular. Our simulator allows flexible switching between different modern NeRF-related backbones, sampling strategies, input modalities, etc. We expect this modular design to boost academic progress and industrial deployment of NeRF-based autonomous driving simulation. (3) Realistic. Our simulator set new state-of-the-art photo-realism results given the best module selection. Our simulator will be open-sourced while most of our counterparts are not. Project page: https://open-air-sun.github.io/mars/.
description: CICAI 2023, project page with code: https://open-air-sun.github.io/mars/
Conversion of protons to positrons by a black hole
Creators: name: Dolgov, A. D.
name: Rudenko, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conversion of protons to positrons at the horizon of a black hole (BH) is considered. It is shown that the process may efficiently proceed for BHs with masses in the range $\sim 10^{18}$ -- $10^{21}$ g. It is argued that the electric charge of BH acquired by the proton accretion to BH could create electric field near BH horizon close to the critical Schwinger one. It leads to efficient electron-positron pair production, when electrons are back captured by the BH while positrons are emitted into outer space. Annihilation of these positrons with electrons in the interstellar medium may at least partially explain the origin of the observed 511 keV line.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Paired Competing Neurons Improving STDP Supervised Local Learning In Spiking Neural Networks
Creators: name: Goupy, Gaspard
name: Tirilly, Pierre
name: Bilasco, Ioan Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Direct training of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) on neuromorphic hardware has the potential to significantly reduce the energy consumption of artificial neural network training. SNNs trained with Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP) benefit from gradient-free and unsupervised local learning, which can be easily implemented on ultra-low-power neuromorphic hardware. However, classification tasks cannot be performed solely with unsupervised STDP. In this paper, we propose Stabilized Supervised STDP (S2-STDP), a supervised STDP learning rule to train the classification layer of an SNN equipped with unsupervised STDP for feature extraction. S2-STDP integrates error-modulated weight updates that align neuron spikes with desired timestamps derived from the average firing time within the layer. Then, we introduce a training architecture called Paired Competing Neurons (PCN) to further enhance the learning capabilities of our classification layer trained with S2-STDP. PCN associates each class with paired neurons and encourages neuron specialization toward target or non-target samples through intra-class competition. We evaluate our methods on image recognition datasets, including MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, and CIFAR-10. Results show that our methods outperform state-of-the-art supervised STDP learning rules, for comparable architectures and numbers of neurons. Further analysis demonstrates that the use of PCN enhances the performance of S2-STDP, regardless of the hyperparameter set and without introducing any additional hyperparameters.
Noise-aware variational eigensolvers: a dissipative route for lattice gauge theories
Creators: name: Cobos, Jesús
name: Locher, David F.
name: Bermudez, Alejandro
name: Müller, Markus
name: Rico, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel variational ansatz for the ground-state preparation of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory (LGT) in quantum simulators. It combines dissipative and unitary operations in a completely deterministic scheme with a circuit depth that does not scale with the size of the considered lattice. We find that, with very few variational parameters, the ansatz can achieve $>\!99\%$ precision in energy in both the confined and deconfined phase of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ LGT. We benchmark our proposal against the unitary Hamiltonian variational ansatz showing a reduction in the required number of variational layers to achieve a target precision. After performing a finite-size scaling analysis, we show that our dissipative variational ansatz can predict accurate critical exponents without requiring a number of layers that scale with the system size, which is the standard situation for unitary ansätze. Furthermore, we investigate the performance of this variational eigensolver subject to circuit-level noise, determining variational error thresholds that fix the error rate below which it would be beneficial to increase the number of layers. In light of these quantities and for typical gate errors $p$ in current quantum processors, we provide a detailed assessment of the prospects of our scheme to explore the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ LGT on near-term devices.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures
Southern African python (Python natalensis) diet, using information gathered from social media and historical data
Creators: name: Kyle, Kirsty J
name: Downs, Colleen T
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology

description: African pythons are the largest and among the most charismatic species of snake on the continent. Surprisingly little is known about the details of their diets. This may be due to the difficulty of compiling a list of prey items for a generalist species. We used data collected from historical literature and citizen science platforms, in the form of social media, to compile a baseline list of species that the southern African python (Python natalensis) feeds on, including birds, mammals, reptiles and fish. Data collected from social media significantly increased the list of prey species compared with those only known from historical literature records. In addition, the data revealed a shift from avian prey to more mammalian species and an increase in human-animal conflict involving larger pythons. Hunting behaviours were observed and caudal luring documented for the first time in this species. Social media can be a useful data source that, when used correctly, can provide a rich source of raw data that can be usefully analysed and combined with other sources in order to answer questions, as well as enrich and validate prior knowledge about cryptic and difficult-to-research species.
Anomalous quantum transport via the fractional Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Larina, Yulia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: We investigate the free‑particle fractional Schrödinger equation (FSE) as a minimal model for anomalous quantum transport in fractal‑like media. We replacing the standard Laplacian with a noninteger‑order operator and this uncover three hallmark effects: (i) heavy‑tailed probability densities that deviate markedly from Gaussian spreading; (ii) anomalous scaling of the second moment, in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions; and (iii) temporal coherence “echoes” in the fidelity signaling intrinsic memory of past configurations. Through high‑precision split‑step Fourier simulations on a periodic domain, we observed these phenomena for alpha=2.0,;1.8,;1.5. Our results delineate clear, experimentally accessible signatures—tail‑exponent measurements in photonic lattices, dispersion‑law extraction in ultracold‑atom interferometry, and echo protocols in Bose–Einstein condensates—that can directly validate or constrain the fractional‑order parameter alpha. This study thus establishes a concise, testable framework for fractional quantum dynamics laying groundwork for more deep exploration of nonlocality, memory effects, and their potential role in unifying quantum mechanics with emergent gravitational phenomena.
Estimation of equilibration time scales from nested fraction approximations
Creators: name: Bartsch, Christian
name: Dymarsky, Anatoly
name: Lamann, Mats H.
name: Wang, Jiaozi
name: Steinigeweg, Robin
name: Gemmer, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an autocorrelation function of a quantum mechanical system through the lens of the so-called recursive method, by iteratively evaluating Lanczos coefficients, or solving a system of coupled differential equations in the Mori formalism. We first show that both methods are mathematically equivalent, each offering certain practical advantages. We then propose an approximation scheme to evaluate the autocorrelation function, and use it to estimate the equilibration time $τ$ for the observable in question. With only a handful of Lanczos coefficients as the input, this scheme yields an accurate order of magnitude estimate of $τ$, matching state-of-the-art numerical approaches. We develop a simple numerical scheme to estimate the precision of our method. We test our approach using several numerical examples exhibiting different relaxation dynamics. Our findings provide a new practical way to quantify the equilibration time of isolated quantum systems, a question which is both crucial and notoriously difficult.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 1 of Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions and vaccination on COVID-19 outbreaks in Nunavut, Canada: a Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN) study
Creators: name: Vilches, Thomas N.
name: Abdollahi, Elaheh
name: Cipriano, Lauren E.
name: Haworth-Brockman, Margaret
name: Keynan, Yoav
name: Sheffield, Holden
name: Langley, Joanne M.
name: Moghadas, Seyed M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Description of model parameters and their estimates
Additional file 1 of Characterization of erenumab and rimegepant on calcitonin gene-related peptide induced responses in Xenopus Laevis oocytes expressing the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor and the amylin-1 receptor
Creators: name: Hage La Cour, Sanne
name: Juhler, Kiki
name: Kogelman, Lisette J. A.
name: Olesen, Jes
name: Klærke, Dan Arne
name: Kristensen, David Møbjerg
name: Jansen-Olesen, Inger
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary of studies investigating the antagonistic effect of erenumab on α-CGRP induced responses on CGRP-R and AMY1-R. If nothing else is mentioned in the response column, the agonist used is α-CGRP and the antagonist is erenumab. Table S2. Summary of studies investigating the antagonistic effect of rimegepant on α-CGRP induced responses on CGRP-R and AMY1-R.
ControlMat: A Controlled Generative Approach to Material Capture
Creators: name: Vecchio, Giuseppe
name: Martin, Rosalie
name: Roullier, Arthur
name: Kaiser, Adrien
name: Rouffet, Romain
name: Deschaintre, Valentin
name: Boubekeur, Tamy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Material reconstruction from a photograph is a key component of 3D content creation democratization. We propose to formulate this ill-posed problem as a controlled synthesis one, leveraging the recent progress in generative deep networks. We present ControlMat, a method which, given a single photograph with uncontrolled illumination as input, conditions a diffusion model to generate plausible, tileable, high-resolution physically-based digital materials. We carefully analyze the behavior of diffusion models for multi-channel outputs, adapt the sampling process to fuse multi-scale information and introduce rolled diffusion to enable both tileability and patched diffusion for high-resolution outputs. Our generative approach further permits exploration of a variety of materials which could correspond to the input image, mitigating the unknown lighting conditions. We show that our approach outperforms recent inference and latent-space-optimization methods, and carefully validate our diffusion process design choices. Supplemental materials and additional details are available at: https://gvecchio.com/controlmat/.
The Adjoint Is All You Need: Characterizing Barren Plateaus in Quantum Ansätze
Creators: name: Fontana, Enrico
name: Herman, Dylan
name: Chakrabarti, Shouvanik
name: Kumar, Niraj
name: Yalovetzky, Romina
name: Heredge, Jamie
name: Sureshbabu, Shree Hari
name: Pistoia, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using tools from the representation theory of compact Lie groups, we formulate a theory of Barren Plateaus (BPs) for parameterized quantum circuits whose observables lie in their dynamical Lie algebra (DLA), a setting that we term Lie algebra Supported Ansatz (LASA). A large variety of commonly used ansätze such as the Hamiltonian Variational Ansatz, Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz, and many equivariant quantum neural networks are LASAs. In particular, our theory provides, for the first time, the ability to compute the variance of the gradient of the cost function of the quantum compound ansatz. We rigorously prove that, for LASA, the variance of the gradient of the cost function, for a 2-design of the dynamical Lie group, scales inversely with the dimension of the DLA, which agrees with existing numerical observations. In addition, to motivate the applicability of our results for 2-designs to practical settings, we show that rapid mixing occurs for LASAs with polynomial DLA. Lastly, we include potential extensions for handling cases when the observable lies outside of the DLA and the implications of our results.
Additional file 1 of Measurement properties, interpretability and feasibility of instruments measuring oral health and orofacial pain in dependent adults: a systematic review
Creators: name: BaHammam, Fahad A.
name: McCracken, Giles I.
name: Wassall, Rebecca
name: Durham, Justin
name: Abdulmohsen, Bana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. MEDLINE search strategy to identify relevant studies in the systematic review.
Additional file 2 of Measurement properties, interpretability and feasibility of instruments measuring oral health and orofacial pain in dependent adults: a systematic review
Creators: name: BaHammam, Fahad A.
name: McCracken, Giles I.
name: Wassall, Rebecca
name: Durham, Justin
name: Abdulmohsen, Bana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Criteria for good measurement properties used in the systematic review.
(110) Facet of MgTe Zinc Blende Semiconductor: A Holy Grail for Modern Spintronics
Creators: name: Mohanta, Manish Kumar
name: Jena, Puru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unlike, momentum-dependent Rashba spin-splitting, materials exhibiting intrinsic momentum-independent unidirectional spin polarization also known as persistent spin texture (PST) in the full Brillouin zone are scarce. In this work, a list of characteristic electronic properties for identifying an ideal PST material is provided based on earlier analytical models, and a new semiconductor, the MgTe(110) facet is proposed which satisfies all these conditions and exhibits PST in the full Brillouin zone. The atomic arrangement in this particular facet exhibits three basic symmetries found in nature: rotation, reflection, and translation. Using the method of invariance, an effective Hamiltonian is constructed which reproduces the results obtained using the density functional theory. Further, mono/few layers of MgTe (110) facets of the zinc-blende structure are proposed for a ferromagnet-free non-ballistic spin-field effect transistor (s-FET) that combines both the spin-Hall effect and inverse spin-Hall effect, thus harmonizing spintronics with conventional electronics. Although only quantum well structures have been experimentally studied for nonballistic s-FET under the stringent condition of equal Rashba and Dresselhaus strength, PST originating intrinsically in the proposed 2D structures makes them an ideal alternate.
Additional file 3 of Measurement properties, interpretability and feasibility of instruments measuring oral health and orofacial pain in dependent adults: a systematic review
Creators: name: BaHammam, Fahad A.
name: McCracken, Giles I.
name: Wassall, Rebecca
name: Durham, Justin
name: Abdulmohsen, Bana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Main characteristics of the identified measurement instruments.
Coexistence of multiuser entanglement distribution and classical light in optical fiber network with a semiconductor chip
Creators: name: Jing, Xu
name: Qian, Cheng
name: Nian, Hu
name: Wang, Chenquan
name: Tang, Jie
name: Gu, Xiaowen
name: Kong, Yuechan
name: Chen, Tangsheng
name: Liu, Yichen
name: Sheng, Chong
name: Jiang, Dong
name: Niu, Bin
name: Lu, Liangliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P45

description: Building communication links among multiple users in a scalable and robust way is a key objective in achieving large-scale quantum networks. In realistic scenario, noise from the coexisting classical light is inevitable and can ultimately disrupt the entanglement. The previous significant fully connected multiuser entanglement distribution experiments are conducted using dark fiber links and there is no explicit relation between the entanglement degradations induced by classical noise and its error rate. Here we fabricate a semiconductor chip with a high figure-of-merit modal overlap to directly generate broadband polarization entanglement. Our monolithic source maintains polarization entanglement fidelity above 96% for 42 nm bandwidth with a brightness of 1.2*10^7 Hz/mW. We perform a continuously working quantum entanglement distribution among three users coexisting with classical light. Under finite-key analysis, we establish secure keys and enable images encryption as well as quantum secret sharing between users. Our work paves the way for practical multiparty quantum communication with integrated photonic architecture compatible with real-world fiber optical communication network.
Exploring Axions through the Photon Ring of a Spherically Symmetric Black Hole
Creators: name: Roy, Sourov
name: Sarkar, Pratick
name: Sau, Subhadip
name: SenGupta, Soumitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we examine the phenomenon of photon axion conversion occurring in the spacetime surrounding a black hole. Specifically, we focus on the potential existence of a magnetic field around the supermassive black hole M87*, which could facilitate the conversion of photons into axions in close proximity to the photon sphere. While photons traverse through the curved spacetime, they spend time near the photon sphere, where conversion of these photons into axions takes place. Consequently, this process leads to a decrease in the intensity of the black hole's photon ring. To explore the possibilities of detecting these hypothetical axion particles, we propose observing the photon sphere using higher resolution telescopes. By doing so, we can gain valuable insights into the conversion mechanism as well as the nature of the spherically symmetric black hole geometry. Moreover, we also investigate how the photon ring luminosities are affected if the black hole possesses a charge parameter. For instance apart from U(1) electric charge, the presence of extra dimension may induce a {\em tidal charge} with a characteristic signature. It is important to note that the success of the conversion mechanism relies on the axion-photon coupling and mass. As a result, the modified luminosity of the black hole's photon ring offers a valuable means of constraining the axion's mass and coupling parameter within a certain range. Thus our findings contribute to a better understanding of photon axion conversion in the environment of a black hole spacetime and helps us explore the possible existence of extra spatial dimension.
description: Accepted in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (JCAP)
Extremal Mechanisms for Pointwise Maximal Leakage
Creators: name: Grosse, Leonhard
name: Saeidian, Sara
name: Oechtering, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: H.1.1

description: Data publishing under privacy constraints can be achieved with mechanisms that add randomness to data points when released to an untrusted party, thereby decreasing the data's utility. In this paper, we analyze this privacy-utility tradeoff for the pointwise maximal leakage privacy measure and a general class of convex utility functions. Pointwise maximal leakage (PML) was recently proposed as an operationally meaningful privacy measure based on two equivalent threat models: An adversary guessing a randomized function and an adversary aiming to maximize a general gain function. We study the behavior of the randomized response mechanism designed for local differential privacy under different prior distributions of the private data. Motivated by the findings of this analysis, we derive several closed-form solutions for the optimal privacy-utility tradeoff in the presented PML context using tools from convex analysis. Finally, we present a linear program that can compute optimal mechanisms for PML in a general setting.
description: revised pre-print; accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
FERI: A Multitask-based Fairness Achieving Algorithm with Applications to Fair Organ Transplantation
Creators: name: Li, Can
name: Lai, Dejian
name: Jiang, Xiaoqian
name: Zhang, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Liver transplantation often faces fairness challenges across subgroups defined by sensitive attributes such as age group, gender, and race/ethnicity. Machine learning models for outcome prediction can introduce additional biases. Therefore, we introduce Fairness through the Equitable Rate of Improvement in Multitask Learning (FERI) algorithm for fair predictions of graft failure risk in liver transplant patients. FERI constrains subgroup loss by balancing learning rates and preventing subgroup dominance in the training process. Our results show that FERI maintained high predictive accuracy with AUROC and AUPRC comparable to baseline models. More importantly, FERI demonstrated an ability to improve fairness without sacrificing accuracy. Specifically, for the gender, FERI reduced the demographic parity disparity by 71.74%, and for the age group, it decreased the equalized odds disparity by 40.46%. Therefore, the FERI algorithm advanced fairness-aware predictive modeling in healthcare and provides an invaluable tool for equitable healthcare systems.
description: First Prize Student Award Paper, American Medical Informatics Association 2024 Informatics Summit