cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 2 of Household-level risk factors for Aedes aegypti pupal density in Guayaquil, Ecuador
Creators: name: Ha, Thien-An
name: León, Tomás M.
name: Lalangui, Karina
name: Ponce, Patricio
name: Marshall, John M.
name: Cevallos, Varsovia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Full list of container-level candidate variables used to find the best model by AICc.
The Role of Uncertainties in Structural Engineering Problems: How to Manage Them in Simulation and Design
Creators: name: Savoia, Marco
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Engineering

description: The problem of how to manage uncertainties when modeling or designing an engineering structure is briefly addressed here. Uncertainties may be relevant in the case of real structures, due to intrinsic variability of mechanical and physical properties as well as to the lack of knowledge when information are scarce and/or subject to some errors, for instance related to the test procedure. It is shown that the two mentioned sources of uncertainties must be treated in different ways, being the first unavoidable, and the second dependent on the experimental procedure adopted by the experimentalist/analyst. Different kinds of uncertainties should be then treated in different ways. The use of probabilistic tools in the first case and fuzzy number methods for the latter is studied in the first example, concerning the estimate of the strength of the concrete from a number of compression tests. The second problem addressed here concerns the identification procedure of the mechanical properties of a simple structure from dynamic test results. Also in this case, uncertainties can be due to the intrinsic variability of the properties to be identified, but also to the errors introduced in the adopted experimental procedure. Some ideas of the next steps in the research will end the paper.
Briefe von und an Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche
Creators: name: Förster-Nietzsche, Elisabeth
name: Rohde, Erwin
name: Nietzsche-Archiv
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1882

description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Oktober 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln nni
title: A rule of law revolution in future generations’ litigation: intergenerational equity and the rule of law in the Anthropocene
Creators: name: Sulyok, Katalin
Publisher: name: Forum Transregionale Studien e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Generationengerechtigkeit
subject: Umweltpolitik
subject: Rechtsstaatsprinzip
subject: Rechtsstreit
subject: Anthropozän
subject: Klimakatastrophe
subject: Umweltkrise
subject: 909
subject: 363
subject: 551
subject: 340.09

description: This paper analyses the growing body of future generations litigation, i.e. lawsuits in which plaintiffs seek protection to long-term needs of future generations typically in domestic climate change and environmental litigation. It argues that national courts in several jurisdictions have started to deem domestic legal safeguards of inter-generational equity as justiciable and binding on the State in order to protect the long- term needs and interests of future generations against the myopic climate and environmental policies of present-day decision-makers. This paper looks at the unfolding climate and environmental crisis of the Anthropocene from a rule of law perspective. First, it addresses how the concept of the rule of law has played an instrumental role in steering humanity’s course towards the Anthropocene, and how it could have a role in finding a way out it. Second, the paper argues that despite the wide variety of the substantive legal contexts under which future generations litigation claims are brought, plaintiffs in such cases tend to claim the same types of violations across the jurisdictions, which correspond to five basic rule of law requirements. These are (i) respect for human rights, (ii) the quality of law requirement, (iii) guarantees of non-arbitrariness, (iv) access to courts and (v) non-discrimination. The paper uses an analytic framework tied to the above rule of law guarantees to examine more in-depth the litigation strategies of the plaintiffs and the doctrinal solutions of courts in cases revolving around inter-generational rights and obligations. The paper shows that several courts are willing to expand the temporal scope of the above rule of law guarantees to include concerns for otherwise disenfranchised future individuals, and thereby offer protection against generating excessive climate and environmental risks for posterity. In the narrative of this study, future generations case-law therefore showcases a revolutionary re-interpretation of traditional rule of law guarantees.
description: Working Papers, Forum Transregionale Studien, vol. 14/2023
The Shapeless River: Does a Lack of Structure Inhibit Students' Progress at Community Colleges?
Creators: name: Scott-Clayton, Judith E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: For many students at community colleges, finding a path to degree completion is the equivalent of navigating a shapeless river on a dark night—but very few studies have explicitly examined the role of structure in student persistence. This Brief summarizes a Working Paper that examined the role of structure in influencing student persistence in community colleges. The author integrates previously disconnected evidence and draws on ideas from behavioral economics and psychology to consider the structure hypothesis: that community college students will be more likely to persist and succeed in programs that are tightly and consciously structured, with relatively little room for individuals to unintentionally deviate from paths toward completion, and with limited bureaucratic obstacles for students to circumnavigate. Evidence suggests that the lack of structure in many community colleges is likely to result in less-than-optimal decisions by students about whether and how to persist toward a credential. Though there is no silver-bullet intervention to address this problem, this Brief highlights several promising approaches and suggests directions for future experimentation and research.
Vortex-peak interaction and lattice shape in rotating two-component Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Aftalion, Amandine
name: Mason, Peter
name: Juncheng, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate is placed into rotation, a lattice of vortices and cores appear. The geometry of this lattice (triangular or square) varies according to the rotational value and the intercomponent coupling strengths. In this paper, assuming a Thomas-Fermi regime, we derive a point energy which allows us to determine for which values of the parameters, the lattice goes from triangular to square. It turns out that the separating curve in the phase diagram agrees fully with the complete numerical simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equations. We also derive a formula for the critical velocity of appearance of the first vortex and prove that the first vortex always appears first in the component with largest support in the case of two disks, and give a criterion in the case of disk and annulus.
Additional file 3 of Household-level risk factors for Aedes aegypti pupal density in Guayaquil, Ecuador
Creators: name: Ha, Thien-An
name: León, Tomás M.
name: Lalangui, Karina
name: Ponce, Patricio
name: Marshall, John M.
name: Cevallos, Varsovia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Variance inflation factors (VIF) that assess multicollinearity find that (outside of interaction terms) there are no VIF scores > 2.
Rush Limbaugh and the Oral Contraceptive Mandate
Creators: name: Eitches, Eliana Rae
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Gender identity
subject: Sex role

description: Why He Injected Himself into the Debate About a Medication He Will Never Have the Good Fortune to Use; A Recusive Model on Ideological Formation
Funktionsstörungen der Kopfgelenke bei Säuglingen
Creators: name: Portack, Carolin
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610

description: In einer prospektiven, nicht randomisierten, multizentrischen Querschnittstudie wurde die Prävalenz von Funktionsstörungen der Kopfgelenke bei Säuglingen zum Zeitpunkt der U3 manualmedizinisch untersucht und mit anamnestisch und klinisch erhobenen Daten, die aktuell als Risikofaktoren, Ursachen bzw. Folgeerscheinungen dieser Störungen diskutiert werden, in Zusammenhang gebracht. Es wurden 695 Säuglinge in die Studie eingeschlossen. 36,4 % der Säuglinge hatten Funktionsstörungen der Kopfgelenkregion. Lageasymmetrien standen in signifikantem Zusammenhang mit Kopfgelenksblockierungen. Weitere bisher in der Literatur diskutierte Risikofaktoren, Ursachen bzw. Folgeerscheinungen ließen sich weitestgehend nicht bestätigen. Die orientierende Untersuchung der HWS stellt eine geeignete Screeninguntersuchung für Funktionsstörungen der Kopfgelenke dar. Ergänzend könnten kindliche Lageasymmetrien und die anamnestische Erfassung einseitiger Stillprobleme sowie von Schreien bei Einnahme bestimmter Positionen in die kinderärztliche Untersuchungsroutine aufgenommen werden.
description: In a prospective, non-randomized, multi-center cross-sectional study, the prevalence of upper cervical dysfunction in infants at the time of U3 was investigated by manual medicine and correlated with anamnestic and clinical data that are currently discussed as risk factors, causes, and consequences of these disorders. A total of 695 infants were included in the study. 36.4 % of the infants had dysfunctions of the upper cervical region. Positional asymmetries were significantly related to upper cervical blockages. Other risk factors, causes or consequences discussed in the literature to date could not be confirmed for the most part. The orienting examination of the cervical spine represents a suitable screening examination for dysfunctions of the upper cervicals. In addition, positional asymmetries and the anamnestic recording of one-sided breastfeeding problems as well as crying when taking up certain positions could be included in the pediatric examination routine.
Filamentous fungal applications in biotechnology: a combined bibliometric and patentometric assessment
Creators: name: Füting, Pamina
name: Barthel, Lars
name: Cairns, Timothy C.
name: Briesen, Heiko
name: Schmideder, Stefan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: filamentous fungi
subject: citric acid
subject: organic acid
subject: enzyme
subject: glucoamylase
subject: aspergillus
subject: trichoderma
subject: penicillin
subject: wastewater
subject: biofuel
subject: intellectual property

description: Background: Processes and products employing filamentous fungi are increasing contributors to biotechnology. These organisms are used as cell factories for the synthesis of platform chemicals, enzymes, acids, foodstuffs and therapeutics. More recent applications include processing biomass into construction or textile materials. These exciting advances raise several interrelated questions regarding the contributions of filamentous fungi to biotechnology. For example, are advances in this discipline a major contributor compared to other organisms, e.g. plants or bacteria? From a geographical perspective, where is this work conducted? Which species are predominantly used? How do biotech companies actually use these organisms? Results: To glean a snapshot of the state of the discipline, literature (bibliometry) and patent (patentometry) outputs of filamentous fungal applications and the related fields were quantitatively surveyed. How these outputs vary across fungal species, industrial application(s), geographical locations and biotechnological companies were analysed. Results identified (i) fungi as crucial drivers for publications and patents in biotechnology, (ii) enzyme and organic acid production as the main applications, (iii) Aspergillus as the most commonly used genus by biotechnologists, (iv) China, the United States, Brazil, and Europe as the leaders in filamentous fungal science, and (v) the key players in industrial biotechnology. Conclusions: This study generated a summary of the status of filamentous fungal applications in biotechnology. Both bibliometric and patentometric data have identified several key trends, breakthroughs and challenges faced by the fungal research community. The analysis suggests that the future is bright for filamentous fungal research worldwide.
The Perversion of a Coerced Mother and Child Reunion
Creators: name: Eitches, Eliana Rae
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Women's studies

description: An investigation of the advent of anti-abortion legislation designed to reframe the abortion decision as involving the “mother and her child” instead of the “woman and the fetus,” denigrating the fundamental right of females to exercise reproductive autonomy as was first codified in Roe v. Wade
The luminosities of the brightest cluster galaxies and brightest satellites in SDSS groups
Creators: name: Paranjape, Aseem
name: Sheth, Ravi K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the distribution of luminosities of Brightest Cluster Galaxies in an SDSS-based group catalog suggests that BCG luminosities are just the statistical extremes of the group galaxy luminosity function. This latter happens to be very well approximated by the all-galaxy luminosity function (restricted to Mr
description: 12 pages, 9 figures; v2 -- Revised to match version accepted in MNRAS. Includes a new section on using mark correlations to test extreme value statistics
Additional file 7 of Comparative proteomic analysis reveals that the Heterosis of two maize hybrids is related to enhancement of stress response and photosynthesis respectively
Creators: name: Wang, Daoping
name: Mu, Yongying
name: Hu, Xiaojiao
name: Ma, Bo
name: Wang, Zhibo
name: Zhu, Li
name: Xu, Jiang
name: Huang, Changling
name: Pan, Yinghong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 7 Fig. S7. Principal component analysis of six samples.
Comparing Lexical, Acoustic/Prosodic, Structural and Discourse Features for Speech Summarization
Creators: name: Hirschberg, Julia Bell
name: Maskey, Sameer R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We present results of an empirical study of the usefulness of different types of features in selecting extractive summaries of news broadcasts for our Broadcast News Summarization System. We evaluate lexical, prosodic, structural and discourse features as predictors of those news segments which should be included in a summary. We show that a summarization system that uses a combination of these feature sets produces the most accurate summaries, and that a combination of acoustic /prosodic and structural features are enough to build a `good' summarizer when speech transcription is not available.
Formalizing Contract Refinements Using a Controlled Natural Language
Creators: name: Meloche, Regan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Symboleo
contract template
formalization
natural language processing

description: The formalization of natural language contracts can make the prescriptions found in these contracts more precise, promoting the development of smart contracts, which are digitized forms of the documents where the monitoring and execution can be partially automated. Full formalization remains a difficult problem, and this thesis makes steps towards solving this challenge by focusing on a narrow sub-problem of formalizing contract refinements. We want to allow a contract author to customize a contract template, and automatically convert the resulting contract to a formal specification language called Symboleo, created specifically for the legal contract domain. The hope is that research towards partial formalization can be useful on its own, as well as useful towards the full formalization of contracts. The main questions addressed by this thesis involve asking what linguistic forms these refinements will take. Answering these questions involves both linguistic analysis and empirical analysis on a set of real contracts to construct a controlled natural language (CNL). This language is expressive and natural enough to be adopted by contract authors, and it is precise enough that it can reliably be converted into the proper formal specification. We also design a tool, SymboleoNLP, that demonstrates this functionality on realistic contracts. This involves ensuring that the contract author can input contract refinements that adhere to our CNL, and that the refinements are properly formalized with Symboleo. In addition to contributing an evidence-based CNL for contract refinements, this thesis also outlines a very clear methodology for constructing this CNL, which may need to go through iterations as requirements change and as the Symboleo language evolves. The SymboleoNLP tool is another contribution, and is designed for iterative improvement. We explore a number of potential areas where further NLP techniques may be integrated to improve performance, and the tool is designed for easy integration of these modules to adapt to emerging technologies and changing requirements.
The potential of high-speed rail freight in Europe: how is a modal shift from road to rail possible for low-density high value cargo?
Creators: name: Boehm, Mathias
name: Arnz, Marlin
name: Winter, Joachim
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr::380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr
subject: high-speed rail freight
subject: multimodal freight
subject: modal split
subject: modal shift
subject: low-density high value goods

description: Purpose: A fully electrified transport chain offers considerable potential for CO2 savings. In this paper, we examine the conditions necessary to introduce a fully electrified, large-scale, high-speed rail freight transport system in Europe in addition to high-speed passenger trains, aiming to shift goods transport from road to rail. We compare a novel high-speed rail freight concept with road-based lorry transport for low-density high value goods to estimate the potential for a modal shift from road to rail in 2030. Methods: To characterize the impacts of different framework conditions, a simulation tool was designed as a discrete choice model, based on random utility theory, with integrated performance calculation assessing the full multimodal transport chain regarding costs, emissions and time. It was applied to a European reference scenario based on forecast data for freight traffic in 2030. Results: We show that high-speed rail freight is about 70% more expensive than the conventional lorry but emits 80% less CO2 emissions for the baseline parameter setting. The expected mode share largely depends on the cargo’s value of time, while the implementation of a CO2-tax of 100 EUR/tCO2eq has an insignificant impact. The costs of handling goods and the infrastructure charges are highly influential variables. Conclusion: High-speed rail track access charges are a suitable political instrument to create a level playing field between the transport modes and internalize external costs of freight transport. With the given access charge structure, a reduction of the maximum operating speed to 160 km/h has a positive impact on the expected mode share of rail transport while it still reacts positively to a wide range of the cargo’s time sensitivity (compared to a maximum operating speed of 350 km/h). The flexibility of rail freight’s operating speed is important for an effective implementation. Further research should concentrate on time- and cost-efficient transhipment terminals as they have a significant impact on transport performance.
A consistent multivariate test of association based on ranks of distances
Creators: name: Heller, Ruth
name: Heller, Yair
name: Gorfine, Malka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We are concerned with the detection of associations between random vectors of any dimension. Few tests of independence exist that are consistent against all dependent alternatives. We propose a powerful test that is applicable in all dimensions and is consistent against all alternatives. The test has a simple form and is easy to implement. We demonstrate its good power properties in simulations and on examples.
Additional file 4 of Household-level risk factors for Aedes aegypti pupal density in Guayaquil, Ecuador
Creators: name: Ha, Thien-An
name: León, Tomás M.
name: Lalangui, Karina
name: Ponce, Patricio
name: Marshall, John M.
name: Cevallos, Varsovia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Full list of top candidate models for artificial breeding sites. Top models included have ∆AICc
title: Validation of software migration
title: model-driven co-migration of test cases
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Jovanovikj, Ivan
Publisher: name: Universität Paderborn
Year: 2020

description: Das Testen von Software spielt im Kontext der Softwaremigration eine wichtige Rolle, da es zur Validierung und Sicherstellung der Funktionsäquivalenz als Schlüsselanforderung verwendet wird. Da die Erstellung von Testfällen eine teure und zeitaufwändige Aktivität ist, sollte ihre Wiederverwendung in Betracht gezogen werden, wenn Testfälle vorhanden sind, was ihre Co-Migration impliziert. Wir adressieren das oben genannten Problem, indem wir ein Framework vorschlagen, das eine End-zu-End-Lösung bietet, indem wir die drei allgemeinen Migrationsphasen behandeln: Vormigration, Migration und Nachmigration. Erstens wird in der Vormigrationsphase eine Bewertung der Testfallqualität durchgeführt, um die Qualität der vorhandenen Testfälle zu bewerten. Dann wird in der Migrationsphase unter Verwendung von Situationsmethoden-Engineering eine situationsspezifische Ko-Migrationsmethode für die Testfälle entwickelt. Diese Entwicklung situationsspezifischer Testmigrationsmethoden konzentriert sich auf die Idee des Doppelhufeisenmodells, das Hufeisenmodelle sowohl für das System als auch für die Testfallmigration umfasst. Schließlich wird in der Nachmigrationsphase durch unseren Mutationsanalyse-basierten Ansatz die Testfallmigration validiert. Um die Anwendbarkeit des entwickelten Frameworks in der Praxis zu demonstrieren, haben wir zwei Machbarkeitsstudien durchgeführt, die sich mit einer Migration von JUnit als Quellumgebung auf MSUnit sowie Jasmine als Zielumgebung befassten.
description: Software testing plays an important role in the context of software migration as it is used to validate and ensure functional equivalence as a key requirement. As the creation of test cases is an expensive and time-consuming activity, whenever test cases are existing, their reuse should be considered, thus implying their co-migration. We address the above problem by proposing a framework that provides an end-to-end solution by covering the three general phases of migration: pre-migration, migration, and post-migration. Firstly, in the pre-migration phase, a test case quality evaluation is performed to evaluate the quality of the existing test cases. Then, during the migration phase, by employing situational method engineering, a situational method for the test cases is developed and enacted. This development of situation-specific test migration methods is centered around the idea of the double horseshoe model, which incorporates two horseshoe models, one for the system and another for the test case migration. Finally, during the post-migration phase, we validate the test case migration by applying our novel approach for test case migration which is based on mutation analysis. In order to demonstrate the applicability of the developed framework in practice, we carried out two feasibility studies that dealt with migration from JUnit as the source environment to MSUnit and Jasmine as the target environment.
Coerced Prison Labor Without Union Protection: The Exploitation of the Prison Industrial Complex
Creators: name: Eitches, Eliana Rae
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Labor economics

description: Following through on the compulsion to investigate prisoner’s union organization rights in the wake of the 2010 Georgia Prison Strikes, delving into the Supreme Court’s decision in Jones v. North Carolina Prisoners, investigating the prohibition on union membership among prison inmates forced to engage in brutal manual labor, and questioning support from mainstream unions for unionized prisoners
Regret bounds for Gaussian process bandits without observation noise
Creators: name: Zoghi, Masrour
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This thesis presents some statistical refinements of the bandits approach presented in [11] in the situation where there is no observation noise. We give an improved bound on the cumulative regret of the samples chosen by an algorithm that is related (though not identical) to the UCB algorithm of [11] in a complementary setting. Given a function f on a domain D ⊆ R^d , sampled from a Gaussian process with an anisotropic kernel that is four times differentiable at 0, and a lattice L ⊆ D, we show that if the points in L are chosen for sampling using our branch-and-bound algorithm, the regret asymptotically decreases according to O(e^{τt/(ln t)^{d/4}}) with high probability, where t is the number of observations carried out so far and τ is a constant that depends on the objective function.
Microscopic dissipation in a cohesionless granular jet impact
Creators: name: Guttenberg, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sufficiently fine granular systems appear to exhibit continuum properties, though the precise continuum limit obtained can be vastly different depending on the particular system. We investigate the continuum limit of an unconfined, dense granular flow. To do this we use as a test system a two-dimensional dense cohesionless granular jet impinging upon a target. We simulate this via a timestep driven hard sphere method, and apply a mean-field theoretical approach to connect the macroscopic flow with the microscopic material parameters of the grains. We observe that the flow separates into a cone with an interior cone angle determined by the conservation of momentum and the dissipation of energy. From the cone angle we extract a dimensionless quantity $A-B$ that characterizes the flow. We find that this quantity depends both on whether or not a deadzone --- a stationary region near the target --- is present, and on the value of the coefficient of dynamic friction. We present a theory for the scaling of $A-B$ with the coefficient of friction that suggests that dissipation is primarily a perturbative effect in this flow, rather than the source of qualitatively different behavior.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Detecting Certainness in Spoken Tutorial Dialogues
Creators: name: Liscombe, Jackson
name: Hirschberg, Julia Bell
name: Venditti, Jennifer J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: What role does affect play in spoken tutorial systems and is it automatically detectable? We investigated the classification of student certainness in a corpus collected for ITSPOKE, a speech-enabled Intelligent Tutorial System (ITS). Our study suggests that tutors respond to indications of student uncertainty differently from student certainty. Results of machine learning experiments indicate that acoustic-prosodic features can distinguish student certainness from other student states. A combination of acoustic-prosodic features extracted at two levels of intonational analysis --- breath groups and turns --- achieves 76.42% classification accuracy, a 15.8% relative improvement over baseline performance. Our results suggest that student certainness can be automatically detected and utilized to create better spoke dialog ITSs.
Using Context to Improve Emotion Detection in Spoken Dialog Systems
Creators: name: Liscombe, Jackson
name: Riccardi, Giuseppe
name: Hakkani-Tur, Dilek
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: Most research that explores the emotional state of users of spoken dialog systems does not fully utilize the contextual nature that the dialog structure provides. This paper reports results of machine learning experiments designed to automatically classify the emotional state of user turns using a corpus of 5,690 dialogs collected with the "How May I Help You" spoken dialog system. We show that augmenting standard lexical and prosodic features with contextual features that exploit the structure of spoken dialog and track user state increases classification accuracy by 2.6%.
Breaking arches with vibrations: the role of defects
Creators: name: Lozano, Celia
name: Lumay, Geoffroy
name: Zuriguel, Iker
name: Garcimartín, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present experimental results about the stability of arches against external vibrations. Two dimensional strings of mutually stabilizing grains are geometrically analyzed and subsequently submitted to a periodic forcing at fixed frequency and increasing amplitude. The main factor that determines the granular arch resistance against vibrations is the maximum angle among those formed between any particle of the arch and its two neighbors: the higher the maximum angle is, the easier to break the arch. Based in an analysis of the forces, a simple explanation is given for this dependence. From this, interesting information can be extracted about the expected magnitudes of normal forces and friction coefficients of the particles conforming the arches.
Algorithms for Minimum Risk Chunking
Creators: name: Jansche, Martin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: Stochastic finite automata are useful for identifying substrings (chunks) within larger units of text. Relevant applications include tokenization, base-NP chunking, named entity recognition, and other information extraction tasks. For a given input string, a stochastic automaton represents a probability distribution over strings of labels encoding the location of chunks. For chunking and extraction tasks, the quality of predictions is evaluated in terms of precision and recall of the chunked/extracted phrases when compared against some gold standard. However, traditional methods for estimating the parameters of a stochastic finite automaton and for decoding the best hypothesis do not pay attention to the evaluation criterion, which we take to be the well-known F-measure. We are interested in methods that remedy this situation, both in training and decoding. Our main result is a novel algorithm for efficiently evaluating expected F-measure. We present the algorithm and discuss its applications for utility/ risk-based parameter estimation and decoding.
The Neutron Star Mass-Radius Relation and the Equation of State of Dense Matter
Creators: name: Steiner, Andrew W.
name: Lattimer, James M.
name: Brown, Edward F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation of state (EOS) of dense matter has been a long-sought goal of nuclear physics. Equations of state generate unique mass versus radius (M-R) relations for neutron stars, the ultra-dense remnants of stellar evolution. In this work, we determine the neutron star mass-radius relation and, based on recent observations of both transiently accreting and bursting sources, we show that the radius of a 1.4 solar mass neutron star lies between 10.4 and 12.9 km, independent of assumptions about the composition of the core. We show, for the first time, that these constraints remain valid upon removal from our sample of the most extreme transient sources or of the entire set of bursting sources; our constraints also apply even if deconfined quark matter exists in the neutron star core. Our results significantly constrain the dense matter EOS and are, furthermore, consistent with constraints from both heavy-ion collisions and theoretical studies of neutron matter. We predict a relatively weak dependence of the symmetry energy on the density and a value for the neutron skin thickness of lead which is less than 0.20 fm, results that are testable in forthcoming experiments.
Development of density reduced Mo-Si-B alloys
Creators: name: Becker, Julia
Publisher: name: docupoint Verlag, Barleben
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Werkstoffe mit besonderen Eigenschaften
subject: 620.18934

description: Improving the efficiency of turbines for power plants and aircraft engines is an increasingly important research subject. Ternary Mo-Si-B alloys, consisting of a molybdenum solid solution (Moss) phase and two intermetallic phases Mo5SiB2 (T2) and Mo3Si, are able to combine balanced room temperature fracture toughness, high temperature creep strength and good oxidation performance. However, the high density (>9 g/cm3 ) of this class of alloys is a drawback when used as a turbine blade material. Therefore, the present thesis deals with vanadium as a potential alloying partner for density optimized Mo-based alloys. In order to identify the role of vanadium in terms of strengthening the solid solution phase, different Mo-5X (X=Ti, V, Zr) alloys were produced via arc melting and evaluated by means of RT microhardness measurements, three-point bending as well as compression tests up to elevated temperatures (1100 C). Additionally, quantitative values for solid solution hardening were determined by the approach of Labusch. Those initial characterization of the binary systems confirmed vanadium to be a competitive alloying partner compared with Ti and Zr, due to its positive effect on the strength and the ductility of Mo-based alloys at the same time. In a next step, potential Mo-V-Si-B materials which provide a reduced density by about 20% as compared with the reference alloy Mo-9Si-8B were investigated. Different alloy compositions Mo-XV-Si-8B (X=10, 20, 30, 40 at.%) were produced by powder metallurgy, including mechanically alloying and a thermal treatment, to observe the effects of V as a solute in the respective phases. X-ray diffraction showed that V can entirely be solved in the Moss phase as well as in the Mo3Si and Mo5SiB2 phases. From Rietveld refinements the preferred V sites in the lattices of the present phases were derived and could be explained by density functional theory calculations. The thermomechanical characterization was carried out on sintered (FAST) and arc-melted Mo-40V-9Si-8B alloys. Three point-bending with notched samples as well as compressive creep tests reveal a high fracture toughness and acceptable creep strength of this new type of alloys. Furthermore, the effect of minor additions of Fe on the oxidation resistance was investigated by cyclic oxidation tests.
The design and field observation of a haptic notification system for timing awareness during oral presentations
Creators: name: Tam, Diane Karen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Conference session chairs must manage time, usually by reminding speakers of the time remaining through a variety of means (e.g., visual signs with “X” minutes left). But speakers often miss reminders, chairs cannot confirm reminder receipt, and the broken dialogue can be a sideshow for the audience. The experience of speaking in front of an audience, such as at a conference or even during a classroom lecture, can also be cognitively demanding and overwhelming. This further causes speakers to miss reminders from personal timing tools (e.g., cellphone timer). To address these and other concerns, this thesis describes the design and evaluation of HaNS, a novel wireless wrist-worn chair-speaker Haptic Notification System, that delivers tactile timing alerts to unintrusively aid speakers and session chairs time-manage oral presentations. Iterative deployment and observation in realistic settings was used to optimize the attentional characteristics and the chair-speaker interaction. HaNS’s use was then observed through four field observations in three settings: two mid-sized academic conferences (55 speakers, 16 session chairs, 50 audience members), five university research seminars (11 speakers, 5 session chairs, 15 audience members), and four large university lectures (23 by 3 instructors). Through observation and self-reports, existing speaker and session chair timing practices and difficulties are documented. Results demonstrate that HaNS can improve a user’s awareness of time; it automatically delivers salient notifications, unintrusively, privately, and remotely. HaNS also facilitates chair-speaker coordination and reduces distraction of speaker and audience through its private communication channel. Eliminating overruns will require improvement in speaker ‘internal’ control, which our results suggest HaNS can also support given practice. This thesis concludes with design guidelines for both conference-deployed and personal timing tools, supported by haptics or other notification modalities.
Living Standards in Africa
Creators: name: Sahn, David E.
name: Younger, Stephen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Economics

description: Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the poorest regions in the world. Whether it is the poorest region is difficult to establish, for all of the conceptual and practical problems in inter-country poverty comparisons laid out in other chapters of this volume. We can avoid some of those problems, though certainly not all, when we make intertemporal poverty comparisons in one country. Here, too, Africa's performance is disappointing. Poverty reduction has been halting and irregular in Africa, in contrast to other regions of the world that have grown more rapidly and made greater progress on poverty reduction. The first task of this paper is to substantiate these two claims -- that Africa is poor compared to the rest of the world and that poverty in Africa is not declining consistently or significantly -- while fully recognizing the problems inherent in using income and expenditure data in Africa and elsewhere.
Additional file 1 of Reproducibility of mass spectrometry based metabolomics data
Creators: name: Ghosh, Tusharkanti
name: Philtron, Daisy
name: Zhang, Weiming
name: Kechris, Katerina
name: Ghosh, Debashis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary materials. Reproducibility of mass spectrometry based metabolomics data.
Injection-locked diode laser current modulation for Pound-Drever-Hall frequency stabilization using transfer cavities
Creators: name: Liekhus-Schmaltz, C. E.
name: Mantifel, R.
name: Torabifard, M.
name: Burgess, I. B.
name: Martin, J. D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A phase modulated RF current source is applied to an injection locked diode laser operating at $780\unit{nm}$. This produces tunable phase modulated sidebands of the laser suitable for stabilizing the length of an optical transfer cavity using the Pound-Drever-Hall technique. The Pound-Drever-Hall signal is anti-symmetric about the lock point, despite the presence of significant diode laser amplitude modulation. The stabilized optical transfer cavity is used to frequency stabilize a 776 nm external cavity diode laser. The stability and tunability of this transfer cavity locked laser is established by observation of the hyperfine components of the $^{87}$Rb $5P_{3/2}-5D_{5/2}$ transition in a vapor cell.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of The budding yeast protein Chl1p is required for delaying progression through G1/S phase after DNA damage
Creators: name: Katheeja, Muhseena N.
name: Das, Shankar Prasad
name: Laha, Suparna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Chl1p follows the replication checkpoint pathway. A G1/S-phase progression of single mutant and double mutant cells in the presence of MMS. Mutant cell 699∆sgs1 (sgs1) and the double mutants, SL21 (rad24sgs1) and 699∆sgs1Dchl1 (sgs1chl1) were arrested at G1 by treating the log phase cells with alpha factor for 90 min at 30 °C. 0.2% MMS was added in presence of the G1 block. All the cultures were kept shaking at 30 °C. Aliquots were removed at various times of MMS exposure for FACS analysis. 0’ was collected just after adding 0.2% MMS to the cells with alpha factor (G1-blocked) followed by 10’, 20’ and 30’ of exposure to 0.2% MMS in presence of alpha factor (G1-blocked damaged cells). The histogram plots at each time point are overlayed in the figure by using overlay software (Guava-Incyte) to understand the progression of the cells through cell cycle. The exponential cells were collected just before addition of alpha factor to the growing cells of 0.2 OD610nm. Arrows indicate G1 and G2 DNA contents.
Manipulating Majorana Fermions in Quantum Nanowires with Broken Inversion Symmetry
Creators: name: Liu, Xiong-Jun
name: Lobos, Alejandro M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a Majorana-carrying quantum wire, driven into a trivial phase by breaking the spatial inversion symmetry with a tilted external magnetic field. Interestingly, we predict that a supercurrent applied in the proximate superconductor is able to restore the topological phase and therefore the Majorana end-states. Using Abelian bosonization, we further confirm this result in the presence of electron-electron interactions and show a profound connection of this phenomenon to the physics of a one-dimensional doped Mott-insulator. The present results have important applications in e.g., realizing a supercurrent assisted braiding of Majorana fermions, which proves highly useful in topological quantum computation with realistic Majorana networks.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Supplementary Material is added
Haplochthonius longiapophysus Ordouni, Akrami & Ramroodi 2021
Creators: name: Ordouni, Fatemeh
name: Ramroodi, Sara
name: Akrami, Mohammad Ali
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Haplochthoniidae
Haplochthonius
Haplochthonius longiapophysus

description: Haplochthonius longiapophysus Ordouni, Akrami & Ramroodi, 2021
 Material examined – 6♀♀, Iran, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Mohammad Ghasem village, Hirmand county (31° 04' 24.38" N, 61° 74' 32.48" E, 470 m a.s.l.), Prunus sp., Education research farm, Nimrooz county (31° 08' 71.52" N, 61° 43' 47.43" E, 488 m a.s.l.), Elymus repens (L.), 14 August 2019 and Kurekelkian village, Iranshahr county (27° 15' 85" N, 60° 66' 25" E, 591 m a.s.l.), Phoenix dactylifera (L.), 1 September 2019, leg.: F. Ordouni.
 Zoogeographical distribution – Iran.
description: Published as part of Ordouni, Fatemeh, Ramroodi, Sara, Akrami, Mohammad Ali & Rakhshani, Ehsan, 2023, Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from southeastern Iran, with supplementary description of Verachthonius cf. laticeps (Brachychthoniidae), pp. 173-188 in Persian Journal of Acarology 12 (2) on page 177, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v12i2.75578, http://zenodo.org/record/10268285
Comparing Approaches to Distributed Control of Fluid Systems based on Multi-Agent Systems
Creators: name: Logan, Kevin
name: Müller, Tim Moritz
name: Stürmer, J. Marius
name: Pelz, Peter F.
name: TU Darmstadt
Publisher: name: Technical University of Darmstadt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 407-01 Automatisierungstechnik, Regelungssysteme, Robotik, Mechatronik, Cyber Physical Systems
subject: 407-01 Automation, Control Systems, Robotics, Mechatronics, Cyber Physical Systems
subject: 621.3

description: This dataset contains the raw data as well as plotted data of the study "Comparing Approaches to Distributed Control of Fluid Systems based on Multi-Agent Systems". The study was carried out within the scope of the project "Multiagentensysteme zur verteilten Regelung von Fluidsystemen" funded by "VDMA Pumpen und Systeme" between January 1st, 2021 and December 31st, 2021. The work in the project was carried out by Tim Müller with the support of Kevin Logan. The Chairman of the project was Jochen Schaab of KSB and the contact person of VDMA was Harald Frank. The study was conducted by Kevin Logan and Marius Stürmer in equal parts as well as Tim Müller under the supervision of Prof. Peter F. Pelz.
Treebank Transfer
Creators: name: Jansche, Martin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We introduce a method for transferring annotation from a syntactically annotated corpus in a source language to a target language. Our approach assumes only that an (unannotated) text corpus exists for the target language, and does not require that the parameters of the mapping between the two languages are known. We outline a general probabilistic approach based on Data Augmentation, discuss the algorithmic challenges, and present a novel algorithm for sampling from a posterior distribution over trees.