title: A Work Process Analysis for Office Facility Management Standards in Upstream Oil and Gas Sector Republic of Indonesia
Creators: name: Adelea, Ashleika
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: Oil and gas (OG) industry upholds a vital role to the world economic growth, both in production and consumption perspective. In Indonesia, this industry has been one of the main State Revenue contributors. However, victory and inferiority circles have insisted the sector to be adaptable with volatility returns that would be possibly happened in the future. This dissertation was conducted during 3 (three) momentous events: originally initiated in response to the drop oil prices in 2016, developed during the novel virus Covid-19 Pandemic in 2020 and finalised during the global OG crisis in connection with Ukraine War in 2022. The necessity on massive efficiency in oil and gas sector was not only about responding to the drop of oil prices, yet to adapt to the life during pandemic. Facility Management of this industry in Indonesia upholds an important role in managing facilities and services that consumes State Budget prominently in which at the same time is a potential area to contribute a significant impact of cost efficiency programme in the industry. During Covid-19 Pandemic, the roles of Facility Management of this industry in Covid-19 era were forced to continuously adapt to the uncertain and evolving conditions of the pandemic; they had to ensure health and safety of the facilities, considered the time and budget involved to maintain the facilities and risk mitigation of infection. Therefore, this dissertation aims to find out the actual working culture of the sector before and during pandemic to be able to adapt to the drop of oil prices and Covid-19 pandemic, standardise FM based on best practice and evidence, and prepare FM of this industry to be anticipative of the future changes. Firstly, it gathers literatures through historical documentation, regulation, knowledge, theories, arguments and other information that are related to the topic: (1) OG history in Indonesia, (2) FM knowledge, (3) work-system and process design, and (4) office spatial planning and its impact to an organisation, that also helps this dissertation to construct the methodologies qualititively and quantitively. In addition, this dissertation combines 2 (two) main fruitful methodologies of REFA and Space Syntax that complement each other to measure the work processes through static activities, interactions, and directions of movement. To find out the actual condition of FM of this industry in Indonesia, State and Private Institution of this sector are involved to give multi-layered investigation of evidence. This dissertation also reveals the result of special office observations during pandemic in one of the case studies that gives the review of occupancy rate and working processes analysis and further compares the characteristic between work life before and during pandemic. Eventually, applicable and impactful strategies for FM of the industry in Indonesia are served: (1) sensible working time distribution, (2) reconsideration of the office size of the industry, (3) continuous evaluation on office performance through work process analysis, and (4) change management skill for future changes.