cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Economic Analysis of the Impact of Paratuberculosis on the Kentucky Cattle Industry
Creators: name: Meyer, A. Lee
name: Hall, Harry H.
name: Meyer, A. Lee
name: Hall, Harry H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) is endemic in the U.S. and Kentucky cattle industry, affecting both beef and dairy cattle. The disease affects the productivity of cattle ( lowering milk production, reducing the weights of calves) and eventually causes the death of infected animals. The disease spreads among cattle on farms, primarily through fecal shedding of the organism, and may be brought onto a farm through the purchase of infected animals. Since the disease often has long incubation and subclinical stages, testing may be necessary to confirm its presence. From late 1993 into early 1994, a random sample of blood samples drawn for brucellosis testing was also examined for paratuberculosis. This analysis indicated that less than one percent of Kentucky's beef cows and about six percent of its dairy cows are infected with paratuberculosis. Using this information about incidence, an economic analysis was conducted to measure the financial losses to the Kentucky cattle industry. Two alternative approaches were used. One, a "net present value" approach measured the impact on the current and future earnings and value of infected animals. The alternative approach, a "market value" approach, measured the impact by using market prices to assess the loss of infected animals and their productivity. The two approaches resulted in similar results: a $6 million loss utilizing the net present value method and a $5.7 million loss using the market value approach. The conclusions from both methods are conditional upon the assumptions regarding cattle costs, production levels and age of onset of disease. Measured against the size of the dairy and beef industries separately, it is apparent that costs are much more important for the dairy industry than the beef industry. Using either method, about two-thirds of the costs are borne by the dairy industry, which is much smaller than the beef industry.
Triply heavy tetraquark states
Creators: name: Weng, Xin-Zhen
name: Deng, Wei-Zhen
name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of an extended chromomagnetic model, we systematically study the mass spectrum of the $S$-wave $qQ\bar{Q}\bar{Q}$ tetraquarks. Their mass spectra are mainly determined by the color interaction. For the $qc\bar{c}\bar{c}$, $qb\bar{c}\bar{c}$ and $qb\bar{b}\bar{b}$ tetraquarks, the color interaction favors the color-sextet $\ket{(qQ)^{6_{c}}(\bar{Q}\bar{Q})^{\bar{6}_{c}}}$ configuration over the color-triplet $\ket{(qQ)^{\bar{3}_{c}}(\bar{Q}\bar{Q})^{3_{c}}}$ one. But for the $qc\bar{b}\bar{b}$ tetraquarks, the color-triplet configuration is favored. We find no stable states which lie below the thresholds of two pseudoscalar mesons. The lowest axial-vector states with the $qQ\bar{b}\bar{b}$ flavor configuration may be narrow. They lie just above the thresholds of two pseudoscalar mesons, but cannot decay into these channels because of the conservation of the angular momentum and parity.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures. revised version accepted by PRD
Two elegies on the patriarch Ignatius Ṣarrūf
Creators: name: Ebied, Rifaat Y.
name: Young, M. J. L.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 61 (1977): Oriens christianus, Band 61
Economic Analysis of Cellulase Production by Clostridium thermocellum in Solid State and Submerged Fermentation
Creators: name: Zhuang, Jun
name: Marchant, Mary A.
name: Nokes, Sue
name: Strobel, Herbert
name: Zhuang, Jun
name: Marchant, Mary A.
name: Nokes, Sue
name: Strobel, Herbert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: biomass
subject: enzyme production
subject: ethanol
subject: solid state fermentation
subject: submerged fermentation

description: Dependence on foreign oil remains a serious issue for the U.S. economy. Additionally, automobile emissions related to petroleum-based, fossil fuel has been cited as one source of environmental problems, such as global warming and reduced air quality. Using agricultural and forest biomass as a source for the biofuel ethanol industry, provides a partial solution by displacing some fossil fuels. However, the use of high cost enzymes as an input is a significant limitation for ethanol production. Economic analyses of cellulase enzyme production costs using solid state cultivation (SSC) are performed and compared to the traditional submerged fermentation (SmF) method. Results from this study indicate that the unit costs for the cellulase enzyme production are $15.67 per kilogram ($/kg) and $40.36/kg, for the SSC and SmF methods, respectively, while the market price for the cellulase enzyme is $36.00/kg. Profitability analysis and sensitivity analysis also provide positive results. Since these results indicate that the SSC method is economical, ethanol production costs may be reduced, with the potential to make ethanol a viable supplemental fuel source in light of current political, economic and environmental issues.
Wide-field prime-focus Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes: A systematic study
Creators: name: Schliesser, Albert
name: Mirzoyan, Razmick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of third-order optical theory as well as ray-tracing simulations we have investigated the feasibility of wide-field imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes with a reflective prime-focus design. For a range of desired optical resolutions, we have determined the largest available field-of-view of single-piece spherical, single-piece parabolic, tessellated spherical, tessellated parabolic and Davies-Cotton designs, always considering a wide range of design parameters. The Davies-Cotton design exhibits a surprising similarity to the tessellated parabolic design in its qualitative behaviour. Also, elliptic telescope designs with better off-axis imaging properties than Davies-Cotton are presented. We show that by using f/2 optics it is possible to build prime-focus telescopes with a full field-of-view of 10 degree at 0.1 degree resolution.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures. Changed version contains all figures in eps format
From A Glance to "Gotcha": Interactive Facial Image Retrieval with Progressive Relevance Feedback
Creators: name: Yang, Xinru
name: Qi, Haozhi
name: Li, Mingyang
name: Hauptmann, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Facial image retrieval plays a significant role in forensic investigations where an untrained witness tries to identify a suspect from a massive pool of images. However, due to the difficulties in describing human facial appearances verbally and directly, people naturally tend to depict by referring to well-known existing images and comparing specific areas of faces with them and it is also challenging to provide complete comparison at each time. Therefore, we propose an end-to-end framework to retrieve facial images with relevance feedback progressively provided by the witness, enabling an exploitation of history information during multiple rounds and an interactive and iterative approach to retrieving the mental image. With no need of any extra annotations, our model can be applied at the cost of a little response effort. We experiment on \texttt{CelebA} and evaluate the performance by ranking percentile and achieve 99\% under the best setting. Since this topic remains little explored to the best of our knowledge, we hope our work can serve as a stepping stone for further research.
Hedonic Price Analysis of Thoroughbred Broodmares in Foal
Creators: name: Stoeppel, Kelly M.
name: Maynard, Leigh J.
name: Stoeppel, Kelly M.
name: Maynard, Leigh J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: broodmare
subject: Thoroughbred horses
subject: hedonic price analysis
subject: forecasting

description: Thoroughbred broodmares are the foundation of a successful racing operation. This study estimated the impact of breeding, racing, genetic, and market characteristics on broodmare auction prices. Data represent 298 broodmares in foal that were sold in Keeneland's 2005 sale. Prices were most responsive to the sire's stud fee and the broodmare's age, with pronounced day-of-sale effects. Overall valuation structure appeared similar to Neibergs' results using 1996 data. Out-of-sample forecasts were far superior to naive forecasts, but were not accurate enough to use in isolation from other decision aids such as visual inspection of the horse.
Non-Markovian Monte Carlo Algorithm for the Constrained Markovian Evolution in QCD
Creators: name: Jadach, S.
name: Skrzypek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the challenging problem of finding an efficient Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm solving the constrained evolution equations for the initial-state QCD radiation. The type of the parton (quark, gluon) and the energy fraction x of the parton exiting emission chain (entering hard process) are predefined, i.e. constrained throughout the evolution. Such a constraint is mandatory for any realistic MC for the initial state QCD parton shower. We add one important condition: the MC algorithm must not require the a priori knowledge of the full numerical exact solutions of the evolution equations, as is the case in the popular ``Markovian MC for backward evolution''. Our aim is to find at least one solution of this problem that would function in practice. Finding such a solution seems to be definitely within the reach of the currently available computer CPUs and the sophistication of the modern MC techniques. We describe in this work the first example of an efficient solution of this kind. Its numerical implementation is still restricted to the pure gluon-strahlung. As expected, it is not in the class of the so-called Markovian MCs. For this reason we refer to it as belonging to a class of non-Markovian MCs. We show that numerical results of our new MC algorithm agree very well (to 0.2%) with the results of the other MC program of our own (unconstrained Markovian) and another non-MC program QCDnum16. This provides a proof of the existence of the new class of MC techniques, to be exploited in the precision perturbative QCD calculations for the Large Hadron Collider.
Muon Colliders: Opening New Horizons for Particle Physics
Creators: name: Long, Kenneth
name: Lucchesi, Donatella
name: Palmer, Mark
name: Pastrone, Nadia
name: Schulte, Daniel
name: Shiltsev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle colliders have arguably been the most important instruments for particle physics over the past 50 years. As they became more powerful, they were used to push the frontier of our knowledge into previously uncharted territory. The LHC, the highest energy collider to date, at which the Higgs boson was discovered, is a prime example. To continue along the road into the Terra Promissa beyond the Standard Model requires colliders with energy reach even greater than that of the LHC. Beams of muons offer enormous potential for the exploration of the energy frontier. Since the muon is a fundamental particle, its full energy is available in collisions in contrast to protons which are composed of quarks and gluons. However, muon beams decay rapidly, which presents a special challenge for a collider. Recent research indicates that the technologies required to overcome this challenge are within our grasp and may offer a cost-effective and energy-efficient option to continue our explorations. A new international collaboration is forming to bring together the diverse expertise and complementary capabilities from around the world to realize the muon collider as the next-generation energy-frontier discovery machine.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
CORRELATION BETWEEN CANE GROWTH AND FLOWERING BEHAVIOR OF DENDROBIUM ORCHID CULTIVARS
Creators: name: M.S. Islam
name: Mehraj, H.
name: M.Z.K. Roni
name: Shimasaki, Kazuhiko
name: A.F.M. Jamal Uddin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70601 Horticultural Crop Growth and Development
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: The experiment was conducted to observe the correlation of cane growth with floral behavior of nine Dendrobium cultivars. Results revealed that, cane growth of different Dendrobium cultivars influenced flowering behavior. The present experimental findings may help to determine standard cane growth for efficient nutrient management and commercial grade flower production of Dendrobium cultivars.
Thermal Stability of Hafnium Zirconium Oxide on Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Sales, Maria Gabriela
name: Jaszewski, Samantha T.
name: Fields, Shelby S.
name: Ihlefeld, Jon F.
name: McDonnell, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ferroelectric oxides interfaced with transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) offer a promising route toward ferroelectric-based devices due to lack of dangling bonds on the TMDC surface leading to a high-quality and abrupt ferroelectric/TMDC interface. In this work, the thermal stability of this interface is explored by first depositing hafnium zirconium oxide (HZO) directly on geological MoS2 and as-grown WSe2, followed by sequential annealing in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) over a range of temperatures (400-800 °C), and examining the interface through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). We show that the nucleation and stability of HZO grown through atomic layer deposition (ALD) varied depending on functionalization of the TMDC, and the deposition conditions can cause tungsten oxidation in WSe2. It was observed that HZO deposited on non-functionalized MoS2 was unstable and volatile upon annealing, while HZO on functionalized MoS2 was stable in the 400-800 °C range. The HZO/WSe2 interface was stable until 700 °C, after which Se began to evolve from the WSe2. In addition, there is evidence of oxygen vacancies in the HZO film being passivated at high temperatures. Lastly, X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to confirm crystallization of the HZO within the temperature range studied.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures
Displacement flow of non-Newtonian fluids in an eccentric annulus
Creators: name: Pelipenko, Sviatoslav
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis we derive, analyze and devise a method of numerical solution for a Hele-Shaw model of displacement flow of non-Newtonian fluids in an eccentric annulus. The physical problem stems from an industrial process of oil well cementing during the well's construction and successful mathematical modelling and solution of the problem allows for optimization of the process resulting in economic and environmental benefits. Here we outline derivation of the model based on using the long-thin geometry of the annular domain to reduce the flow equations to two spatial dimensions together with the Hershel-Bukley constitutive equations and time evolution equation. Therefrom we obtain analytical solution for the form of the interface in cases of concentric annulus and small annular eccentricity. We proceed to put the problem into its variational and minimization formulation from which we show the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution to the original model. We apply an iterative augmented Lagrangian method to obtain this solution together with a Flux Corrected Transport method for time evolution to arrive at a fully 2-D numerical simulation of the flow. We derive another model using ideas of thin-film and lubrication flows which allows for a quicker prediction of the displacement flow type. We compare the predictions for the flow type based on the lubrication model to those obtained using the 2-D flow simulations. We conclude with a discussion on the significance of results achieved in this work together with relative merits and limitations of the derived models and solutions.
Gravitational decoupling, hairy black holes and conformal anomalies
Creators: name: Meert, Pedro
name: da Rocha, Roldao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hairy black holes in the gravitational decoupling setup are studied from the perspective of conformal anomalies. Fluctuations of decoupled sources can be computed by measuring the way the trace anomaly-to-holographic Weyl anomaly ratio differs from unit. Therefore the gravitational decoupling parameter governing three hairy black hole metrics is then bounded to a range wherein one can reliably emulate AdS/CFT with gravitational decoupled solutions, in the tensor vacuum regime.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
D-instantons and Closed String Tachyons in Misner Space
Creators: name: Hikida, Yasuaki
name: Tai, Ta-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate closed string tachyon condensation in Misner space, a toy model for big bang universe. In Misner space, we are able to condense tachyonic modes of closed strings in the twisted sectors, which is supposed to remove the big bang singularity. In order to examine this, we utilize D-instanton as a probe. First, we study general properties of D-instanton by constructing boundary state and effective action. Then, resorting to these, we are able to show that tachyon condensation actually deforms the geometry such that the singularity becomes milder.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure, minor changes
RDWIA analysis of 12C(e,e'p) for Q^2 < 2 (GeV/c)^2
Creators: name: Kelly, James J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze data for 12C(e,e'p) with Q^2 < 2 (GeV/c)^2 using the relativistic distorted-wave impulse approximation (RDWIA) based upon Dirac-Hartree wave functions. The 1p normalization extracted from data for Q^2 > 0.6 (GeV/c)^2 is approximately 0.87, independent of Q^2, which is consistent with the predicted depletion by short-range correlations. The total 1p and 1s strength for E_m < 80 MeV approaches 100% of IPSM, consistent with a continuum contribution for 30 < E_m < 80 MeV of about 12% of IPSM. Similarly, a scale factor of 1.12 brings RDWIA calculations into good agreement with 12C(e,e'p) data for transparency. We also analyzed low Q^2 data from which a recent NDWIA analysis suggested that spectroscopic factors might depend strongly upon the resolution of the probe. We find that momentum distributions for their empirical Woods-Saxon wave functions fit to low Q^2 data for parallel kinematics are too narrow to reproduce data for quasiperpendicular kinematics, especially for larger Q^2, and are partly responsible for reducing fitted normalization factors.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, to be submitted to PRC
EFFECT OF SPRAYING FREQUENCY OF GIBBERELLIC ACID ON GROWTH AND FLOWERING IN GERBERA
Creators: name: Mehraj, H.
name: Tropa Taufique
name: A.F. ONA
name: M.Z.K. Roni
name: A.F.M. Jamal Uddin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70601 Horticultural Crop Growth and Development
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: An experiment was conducted at Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to evaluate the effect of gibberellic acid (150-ppm GA3, G) on gerbera. Four treatments, namely G0; no spray of GA3 (Control), G1; one time spray of GA3 at 15 days after transplanting (DAT), G2: two times sprays of GA3 (at 15 and 30 DAT) and G3: three times sprays of GA3 (at 15, 30 and 45 DAT) were used in the present study. It was observed that G3 performed as the best treatment in terms of having significantly higher number of leaves plant-1 (58.7), plant height (50.5 cm), individual leaf area (35.8 cm2), chlorophyll content, number of flower plant-1 (16.3), peduncle length (36.1 cm), peduncle diameter (3.1 mm) and flower head diameter (7.4 cm). G3 also took the maximum days for the first flower bud initiation (83.8 days) while G0 took the minimum days (65.7 days). So, it was interpreted that three times spraying of GA3 caused delay in flowering ensuring proper vegetative growth for producing maximum flower production.
Coarse-grained Entanglement and Operator Growth in Anomalous Dynamics
Creators: name: Gong, Zongping
name: Nahum, Adam
name: Piroli, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In two-dimensional Floquet systems, many-body localized dynamics in the bulk may give rise to a chaotic evolution at the one-dimensional edges that is characterized by a nonzero chiral topological index. Such anomalous dynamics is qualitatively different from local-Hamiltonian evolution. Here we show how the presence of a nonzero index affects entanglement generation and the spreading of local operators, focusing on the coarse-grained description of generic systems. We tackle this problem by analyzing exactly solvable models of random quantum cellular automata (QCA) which generalize random circuits. We find that a nonzero index leads to asymmetric butterfly velocities with different diffusive broadening of the light cones, and to a modification of the order relations between the butterfly and entanglement velocities. We propose that these results can be understood via a generalization of the recently-introduced entanglement membrane theory, by allowing for a spacetime entropy current, which in the case of a generic QCA is fixed by the index. We work out the implications of this current on the entanglement "membrane tension" and show that the results for random QCA are recovered by identifying the topological index with a background velocity for the coarse-grained entanglement dynamics.
description: 6 + 11 pages, 4 + 6 figures, published version
Economic Well-Being of Farm Households
Creators: name: Jones, Carol Adaire
name: El-Osta, Hisham S.
name: Green, Robert C.
name: Jones, Carol Adaire
name: El-Osta, Hisham S.
name: Green, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Farm households
subject: household income
subject: household wealth
subject: household net worth
subject: living expenses
subject: joint income-wealth indicator
subject: economic well-being
subject: financial well-being
subject: Off-farm employment
subject: Income variability
subject: ERS
subject: USDA

description: Farm subsidy programs were introduced in the 1930s largely due to concern for chronically low, and highly variable, incomes of US farm households. Today commodity-based support programs are still prominent, though income and wealth of the average farm household now exceed that of the average nonfarm households - by a large margin. Farm income continues to be highly variable, but the small set of farm households most at risk for income variability - because farm income represents more than one-third of household income - are those operating large farms. And they have substantial net worth, which cushions uncertain farm income.
High carrier mobility in single-crystal PtSe2 grown by molecular beam epitaxy on ZnO(0001)
Creators: name: Bonell, Frédéric
name: Marty, Alain
name: Vergnaud, Céline
name: Consonni, Vincent
name: Okuno, Hanako
name: Ouerghi, Abdelkarim
name: Boukari, Hervé
name: Jamet, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PtSe2 is attracting considerable attention as a high mobility two-dimensional material with envisionned applications in microelectronics, photodetection and spintronics. The growth of high quality PtSe2 on insulating substrates with wafer-scale uniformity is a prerequisite for electronic transport investigations and practical use in devices. Here, we report the growth of highly oriented few-layers PtSe2 on ZnO(0001) by molecular beam epitaxy. The crystalline structure of the films is characterized with electron and X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The comparison with PtSe2 layers grown on graphene, sapphire, mica, SiO2 and Pt(111) shows that among insulating substrates, ZnO(0001) yields films of superior structural quality. Hall measurements performed on epitaxial ZnO/PtSe2 with 5 monolayers of PtSe2 show a clear semiconducting behaviour and a high mobility in excess of 200 cm2V 1s-1 at room temperature and up to 447 cm2V-1s-1 at low temperature.
Adhesion Induced DNA Naturation
Creators: name: Allahverdyan, A. E.
name: Gevorkian, Zh. S.
name: Hu, Chin-Kun
name: Nieuwenhuizen, Th. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: DNA adsorption and naturation is modeled via two interacting flexible homopolymers coupled to a solid surface. DNA denatures if the entropy gain for unbinding the two strands overcomes the loss of binding energy. When adsorbed to a surface, the entropy gain is smaller than in the bulk, leading to a stronger binding and, upon neglecting self-avoidance, absence of a denatured phase. Now consider conditions where the binding potentials are too weak for naturation, and the surface potential too weak to adsorb single strands. In a variational approach it is shown that their combined action may lead to a naturated adsorbed phase. Conditions for the absence of naturation and adsorption are derived too. The phase diagram is constructed qualitatively.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Greening Income Support and Supporting Green
Creators: name: Claassen, Roger
name: Morehart, Mitchell J.
name: Claassen, Roger
name: Morehart, Mitchell J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: A multitude of design decisions influence the performance of voluntary conservation programs. This Economic Brief is one of a set of five exploring the implications of decisions policymakers and program managers must make about who is eligible to receive payments, how much can be received, for what action, and the means by which applicants are selected. In particular, this Brief focuses on potential tradeoffs in combining income support and environmental objectives in a single program.
Better Targeting, Better Outcomes
Creators: name: Hansen, LeRoy T.
name: Hellerstein, Daniel
name: Hansen, LeRoy T.
name: Hellerstein, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: A multitude of design decisions influence the performance of voluntary conservation programs. This Economic Brief is one of a set of five exploring the implications of decisions policymakers and program managers must make about who is eligible to receive payments, how much can be received, for what action, and the means by which applicants are selected. The particular issue addressed here is options for targeting program payments to where they can yield the greatest gain.
High-precision K-band photometry of the secondary eclipse of HD209458
Creators: name: Snellen, Ignas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, mid-infrared Spitzer observations have been presented that show the light decrement due to the passage of a planet behind its host star. These measurements of HD209458b and TrES-1 are the first detections of direct light from an extra-solar planet. Interpretation of these results in terms of planet equipartition temperature and bond albedo is however strongly model dependent and require additional observations at shorter wavelengths. Here we report on two attempts to detect the secondary eclipse of HD209458b from the ground in K-band, using the UK InfraRed Telescope (UKIRT). A photometry precision of 0.12% relative to two nearby reference stars was reached during both occasions, but no firm detection of the eclipses were obtained. The first observation shows a flux decrement of -0.13+-0.18%, and the second of -0.10+-0.10%. A detailed description of the observing strategy, data reduction and analysis is given, and a discussion on how the precision in ground-based K-band photometry could be further improved. In addition we show that the relative photometry between the target and the reference stars between the two epochs is consistent down to the <0.1% level, which is interesting in the light of possible near-infrared surveys to search for transiting planets around M and L dwarfs.
description: 6 pages; accepted by MNRAS
Sums of powers of consecutive q-integers
Creators: name: Kim, Taekyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B68, 11S80

description: We give the q-analogue of the sums of the n-th powers of positive integers up to k-1.
description: 4 pages
A MODEL OF AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE IN EVALUATING ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION PROBLEMS
Creators: name: Islam, Zahirul
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Hoy, Michael
name: Islam, Zahirul
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Hoy, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: The main motivation for this paper is the recognition of the fact that asymmetric information is the form of moral hazard and adverse selection results in sizeable efficiency losses. These costs are passed back to producers in the form of excessively high premium rates and also passed back to the government via the crop insurance subsidy program. A secondary motivation stems from a recent debate in the literature regarding the specific effects of moral hazard on agricultural input use. Conventional wisdom suggests that moral hazard will induce producers to reduce input usage. A competing hypothesis has emerged which suggests that moral hazard may induce producers to increase their usage or risk increasing inputs. The main objective of this paper was to develop a model of agricultural insurance to understand why asymmetric information problems might exist and to compute and evaluate the relative program costs of agricultural insurance that can be attributed to moral hazard and adverse selection. These objectives are achieved by developing a theoretical model of agricultural insurance, and by conducting numerical simulations of the model. Simulation results indicated that insured farmers use less agricultural inputs than uninsured farmers in an attempt to maximize expected indemnities. Moral hazard was fould to be a significant problem only at higher coverage levels. Expected returns (in term of expected indemnities) to agricultural insurance were found to vary substantially between productivity (i.e., risk) types, and farmers were shown to recognize and respond to these differences. These results suggest that crop insurance is confronted with an adverse selection problem. Simulation results further indicated that program costs to a myopic insurer attributed to moral hazard and adverse selection could be substantial.
A Neutral Two Flavor Loff Color Superconductor
Creators: name: Giannakis, Ioannis
name: Hou, De-fu
name: Ren, Hai-Cang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we construct analytically a LOFF color superconducting state that is both color and charge neutral using the weak coupling approximation. We demonstrate that this state is free from chromomagnetic instabilities. Its relevance to the realistic quark matter at moderately high baryon density is discussed.
description: 9 pages, Latex, correction of algebraic mistake and typos
Systematic Breeding Decisions Made Within A Vertically Integrated Beef Supply Chain
Creators: name: Van Groningen, Cory
name: Devitt, Crosby
name: Cranfield, John A.L.
name: Wilton, Jim
name: Van Groningen, Cory
name: Devitt, Crosby
name: Cranfield, John A.L.
name: Wilton, Jim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: value-chain management
subject: beef-cattle breeding

description: This paper investigates how to use a vertically integrated supply-chain model to aid in the selection of beef sires when making breeding decisions. A systematic approach was taken to model and determine the benefits and associated sire rankings arising from the simulated mating of parent stock to create progeny for use within a vertically integrated supply chain. Supply chain-wide gross margins serve as the benefit measure. Supply chain revenues are in the form of quality indexed retail product revenue. Quality indexing (i.e. discounting) factors included intramuscular fat and longissimus muscle (i.e. ribeye) area. A fixed and an optimum endpoint (i.e. harvest) selection method are compared. Varying progeny gross margins and sire rankings were produced. The various levels of gross margin were significantly different from zero, and provide a clear means by which to incorporate economic variables into selection of beef sires. No current method of selecting parental stock returns similar results.
THE VALUE OF DAIRY QUOTA UNDER A COMMERCIAL EXPORT MILK PROGRAM
Creators: name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Martin, Craig
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Martin, Craig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Relations/Trade

description: This paper argues that under a commercial export milk program the market value of quota will be determined by the spread between the domestic market price and the export price rather than the conventional wisdom that it is determined by the spread between the domestic milk price and the marginal cost of production. Under this new economy it was argued that ultimately the market price of dairy quota will be priced independently of firm marginal costs, which implies that low cost (or high margin) producers will not hold an economic advantage in bidding for quota over higher cost producers. Regression results are consistent with the hypothesized positive relationship between quota value and the difference between domestic and export milk price. The average export price has generally increased over time and is approximately equal to the marginal cost for an average producer. The results have implications for the WTO challenge. New Zealand and US feel the domestic program acts as an export subsidy by cross-subsidizing production of commercial export milk. The results here suggest that the prices for the filled export contracts are approximately the marginal cost of production for the average producer, and not lower as suggested by the challenge. Export contracts were found to have higher price risk than domestically produced milk. The risk is compounded by the short-term nature of most export contracts. The increase in risk for the CEM implies that it is unlikely many farmers will greatly diversify into CEM contracts unless the uncertainty is reduced.
Zur monastischen Erneuerung in der koptischen Kirche
Creators: name: Meinardus, Otto F. A.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 61 (1977): Oriens christianus, Band 61
Inclusivity in Education - Case Study of IndustryAcademia Efforts in Skill Based Education.pdf
Creators: name: Oza, Preeti
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130204 English and Literacy Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. LOTE, ESL and TESOL)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: 130304 Educational Administration, Management and Leadership
subject: 139999 Education not elsewhere classified

description: The issues of skill gaps, skill shortages, and unemployable graduates are omnipresent in India today. Though India has the distinct advantage of having one of the youngest populations in the world, ironically, most industries in India are currently struggling with scarcity of skilled labor. The country has a very large pool of young English-speaking people and has the potential to meet the skill needs of other countries and also cater to its demand for skilled manpower. Although more than 40 million people are registered in employment exchange, only 0.2 million get jobs. With current and expected economic growth, this challenge is going to only increase further, since more than 75% of new job opportunities are expected to be “skill-based.” But, even as it struggles with many issues, India has shown impressive economic growth and has moved many of its citizens out of poverty thereby growing the middle class. India is thought of very favorably by the United States and other industrialized countries as an outsourcing center in part due to its large educated population and the perception that English is widely spoken
Mechanism for nonequilibrium symmetry breaking and pattern formation in magnetic films
Creators: name: Deutsch, J. M.
name: Mai, Trieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic thin films exhibit a strong variation in properties depending on their degree of disorder. Recent coherent x-ray speckle experiments on magnetic films have measured the loss of correlation between configurations at opposite fields and at the same field, upon repeated field cycling. We perform finite temperature numerical simulations on these systems that provide a comprehensive explanation for the experimental results. The simulations demonstrate, in accordance with experiments, that the memory of configurations increases with film disorder. We find that non-trivial microscopic differences exist between the zero field spin configuration obtained by starting from a large positive field and the zero field configuration starting at a large negative field. This seemingly paradoxical beahvior is due to the nature of the vector spin dynamics and is also seen in the experiments. For low disorder, there is an instability which causes the spontaneous growth of line-like domains at a critical field, also in accord with experiments. It is this unstable growth, which is highly sensitive to thermal noise, that is responsible for the small correlation between patterns under repeated cycling. The domain patterns, hysteresis loops, and memory properties of our simulated systems match remarkably well with the real experimental systems.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures Added comparison of results with cond-mat/0412461 and some more discussion
Die Lehre des Jakob von Edessa vom Fall des Teufels
Creators: name: Schlimme, Lorenz
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 61 (1977): Oriens christianus, Band 61
The homotopy coniveau tower
Creators: name: Levine, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C25 (primary); 55P42, 19E08, 14F42 (secondary)

description: We examine the "homotopy coniveau tower" for a general cohomology theory on smooth k-schemes and give a new proof that the layers of this tower for K-theory agree with motivic cohomology. In addition, the homotopy coniveau tower agrees with Voevodsky's slice tower for $S^1$-spectra, giving a proof of a connectedness conjecture of Voevodsky. The homotopy coniveau tower construction extends to a tower of functors on the Morel-Voevodsky stable homotopy category, and we identify this $P^1$-stable homotopy coniveau tower with Voevodsky's slice filtration for $P^1$-spectra. We also show that the 0th layer for the motivic sphere spectrum is the motivic cohomology spectrum, which gives the layers for a general $P^1$-spectrum the structure of a module over motivic cohomology. This recovers and extends recent results of Voevodsky on the 0th layer of the slice filtration, and yields a spectral sequence that is reminiscent of the classical Atiyah-Hirzebruch spectral sequence.
description: A revised and extended version of an earlier paper, which is on the K-theory server
Tunable coupling scheme for flux qubits at the optimal point
Creators: name: Niskanen, Antti O.
name: Nakamura, Yasunobu
name: Tsai, Jaw-Shen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a practical design for tunably coupling a pair of flux qubits via the quantum inductance of a third high-frequency qubit. The design is particularly well suited for realizing a recently proposed microwave-induced parametric coupling scheme. This is attractive because the qubits can always remain at their optimal points. Furthermore, we will show that the resulting coupling also has an optimal point where it is insensitive to low-frequency flux noise. This is an important feature for the coherence of coupled qubits. The presented scheme is an experimentally realistic way of carrying out two-qubit gates and should be easily extended to multiqubit systems.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, minor changes
Open-charm Euclidean correlators within heavy-meson EFT interactions
Creators: name: Montaña, Glòria
name: Kaczmarek, Olaf
name: Tolos, Laura
name: Ramos, Angels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The open-charm Euclidean correlators have been computed for the first time using the thermal spectral functions extracted from a finite-temperature self-consistent unitarized approach based on a chiral effective field theory that implements heavy-quark spin symmetry. The inclusion of the full-energy dependent open-charm spectral functions in the calculation of the Euclidean correlators leads to a similar behaviour as the one obtained in lattice QCD for temperatures well below the transition deconfinement temperature. The discrepancies at temperatures close or above the transition deconfinement temperature could indicate that higher-energy states, that are not present in the open-charm spectral functions, become relevant for a quantitative description of the lattice QCD correlators at those temperatures. In fact, we find that the inclusion of a continuum of scattering states improves the comparison at small Euclidean times, whereas differences still arise for large times.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, contribution to EPJ A Special Issue on "Theory of hot matter and relativistic heavy-ion collisions (THOR)"
Cosmic Billiards with Painted Walls in Non-Maximal Supergravities: a worked out example
Creators: name: Fre', Pietro
name: Gargiulo, Floriana
name: Rulik, Ksenya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The derivation of smooth cosmic billiard solutions through the compensator method is extended to non maximal supergravities. A new key feature is the non-maximal split nature of the scalar coset manifold. To deal with this, one needs the theory of Tits Satake projections leading to maximal split projected algebras. Interesting exact solutions that display several smooth bounces can thus be derived. From the analysis of the Tits Satake projection emerges a regular scheme for all non maximal supergravities and a challenging so far unobserved structure, that of the paint group G-paint. This latter is preserved through dimensional reduction and provides a powerful tool to codify solutions. It appears that the dynamical walls on which the cosmic ball bounces come actually in painted copies rotated into each other by G-paint. The effective cosmic dynamics is that dictated by the maximal split Tits Satake manifold plus paint. We work out in details the example provided by N=6,D=4 supergravity, whose scalar manifold is the special Kahlerian SO*(12)}/SU(6)xU(1). In D=3 it maps to the quaternionic E_7(-5)/ SO(12) x SO(3). From this example we extract a scheme that holds for all supergravities with homogeneous scalar manifolds and that we plan to generalize to generic special geometries. We also comment on the merging of the Tits-Satake projection with the affine Kac--Moody extensions originating in dimensional reduction to D=2 and D=1.
description: 52 pages, 4 figures, 9 tables, paper. Few misprints corrected
Fast and oblivious convolution quadrature
Creators: name: Schädle, Achim
name: López-Fernández, María
name: Lubich, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65R20

description: We give an algorithm to compute $N$ steps of a convolution quadrature approximation to a continuous temporal convolution using only $O(N \log N)$ multiplications and $O(\log N)$ active memory. The method does not require evaluations of the convolution kernel, but instead $O(\log N)$ evaluations of its Laplace transform, which is assumed sectorial. The algorithm can be used for the stable numerical solution with quasi-optimal complexity of linear and nonlinear integral and integro-differential equations of convolution type. In a numerical example we apply it to solve a subdiffusion equation with transparent boundary conditions.
THE PRICING OF DEGREE-DAY WEATHER OPTIONS
Creators: name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Turvey, Calum G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: weather derivatives
subject: degree-day options
subject: weather risk

description: This paper presents a model and framework for pricing degree-day weather derivatives when the weather variable is a non-traded asset. Using daily weather data from 1840-1996 it is shown that a degree-day weather index exhibits stable volatility and satisfies the random walk hypothesis. The paper compares the options prices from the recommended model and compares it to a typical insurance-type model. The results show that the insurance model overprices the option value at-the-money and this may explain why the bid-ask spreads in the weather derivatives market is sometimes very large.
The Langevin Noise Approach for Lossy Media and the Lossless Limit
Creators: name: Hanson, George W.
name: Lindel, Frieder
name: Buhmann, Stefan Yoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Langevin noise approach for quantization of macroscopic electromagnetics for three-dimensional, inhomogeneous environments is compared with normal mode quantization. Recent works on the applicability of the method are discussed, and several examples are provided showing that for closed systems the Langevin noise approach reduces to the usual cavity mode expansion method when loss is eliminated.