cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Technically peaking: Information technology and the planning profession - where is it taking us?
Creators: name: Levy, Richard M.
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Planners--Effect of technological innovations on

description: The computer revolution of the 20th century has put the power of space-race computers on our desktop. Finding appropriate uses for this new technology will be one of the challenges planners will face in the next century. Unlike planners of the past, the course of cities will be shaped by the unseen, by the virtual communities which exist in business, education, and government. This article argues that planners will need to interact and integrate the unseen into our physical planning if cities of the future are to respond to the needs of our communities.
description: La révolution de l'informatique du 20c siècle a amené la puissance des ordinateurs de la course de l'espace sur nos bureaux de travail. La recherche de façons appropriées d'utiliser cette nouvelle technologie sera l'un des défis majeurs auxquels seront confrontés les urbanistes au cours du prochain siècle. Contrairement aux urbanistes d'hier, l'avenir des villes sera façonné par l'inconnu, par les communautés virtuelles qui existent dans le milieu des affaires, de l'éducation et du gouvernement. Cet article soutient que les urbanistes devront intégrer l'inconnu à l'aménagement physique si nous voulons que les villes de demain répondent aux besoins de nos collectivités.
description: Abstract in English and French; text in English.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/6667/Levy.pdf?sequence=3
Predictive Analysis on eSports Games: A Case Study on League of Legends (LoL) eSports Tournaments
Creators: name: Wang, Tian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018
Subjects: Data analytics
Machine learning
Predictive analysis

description: This paper discusses about how different features influence League of Legends eSports game results. Logistic regression and decision trees are used as the main predictive analysis methods for making a prediction. In this study, three types of features: champion selection, in-game factors, and player performance, are tested to see how closely they are related to the game results. This paper also compares the similarity and difference between predictive analytics on traditional sports and eSports games, and discusses about potential approaches to improve eSports prediction accuracy in the future.
4th Author-Food and Drug Safety Management in Pakistan
Creators: name: Rafay Anis ur Rehman, Muhammad
name: Wang, Jining
name: Ali, Yasin
name: SORN, MENG KHEANG
name: Danish Akbar Khan, Raja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510502
subject: Medical physics
classificationCode: 359999
subject: Other commerce, management, tourism and services not elsewhere classified

description: Food and drug safety management is critical for public health in Pakistan. This paper reviews the current food and drug safety management system in Pakistan, identifies the challenges, and suggests improvement solutions. The regulatory framework for food and drug safety in Pakistan is the responsibili?ty of several federal and provincial agencies, including the Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP) for drugs and the Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority (PSQCA) for food. However, the system faces sev?eral challenges, including weak regulatory frameworks, a lack of resources, corruption, and a lack of public awareness. The paper suggests solutions such as increased funding and staffing of regulatory agencies, the crackdown on corruption, strengthening of the regulatory framework, and public aware?ness campaigns to promote the importance of food and drug safety. The safety of food and drugs is a critical issue in Pakistan, as it has a direct impact on the health and well-being of its population. Despite significant progress made in recent years, Pakistan still faces significant challenges in ensuring that food and drugs are safe for consumption. This paper examines the cur?rent state of food and drug safety management in Pakistan, including its regu?latory framework, enforcement mechanisms, and challenges. It also provides recommendations for improving food and drug safety management in the country.
Bootstrap of the defect 1/2 BPS Wilson lines in N=4 Chern-Simons-matter theories
Creators: name: Pozzi, Riccardo Giordana
name: Trancanelli, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute correlation functions of local operator insertions on the 1/2 BPS Wilson lines of N=4 Chern-Simons-matter theories in 3 dimensions. We study the algebra preserved by the defect CFT supported on the line, identify the superdisplacement multiplet and discuss some of its weak-coupling realizations. By employing a superspace description, we present the 4-point functions of the superdisplacement and show how they are determined by functions of cross-ratios. Within an analytic bootstrap approach, we derive these functions at leading and next-to-leading order at strong coupling, obtaining a result in agreement with appropriate orbifolds of the ABJM case considered in arXiv:2004.07849.
description: 36 pages; v2: 39 pages, some changes, analysis of the defect conformal manifold added in sec. 4.6, references added
Electronic Self-Organization in the β-Pyrochlore Oxide CsW2O6
Creators: name: Okamoto, Yoshihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review, I present the electronic properties of the beta-pyrochlore oxide CsW2O6 and other related materials. At 215 K, CsW2O6 exhibits an electronic phase transition to a nonmagnetic insulating state, which exhibits a complex self-organization of 5d electrons. In this phase transition, various factors, such as geometrical frustration of the pyrochlore structure, moderately strong electron correlation, Jahn-Teller-like distortion, phase transition to the insulating state, and formation of chemical bonds in solids, which are powerful driving forces for achieving a wide variety of electronic properties in transition metal oxides, play important roles. In CsW2O6, the interplay of these factors has led to the emergence of an electronic phase transition that preserves the cubic symmetry, three-dimensional nesting of Fermi surfaces, a possible charge order with a fractional valence satisfying the Anderson condition, and an equilateral-triangular trimer formation by a three-centered-two-electron bond. In addition to the introduction of these unique features of CsW2O6, each of them has been compared to those of other materials to provide an overview of the electronic properties of a wide variety of related materials, which can contribute to a complete understanding of the vast and infinite electronic phenomena in transition metal oxides.
description: 19 pages, 22 figures
title: Anterior Cranial Fossa Dural Arteriovenous Fistula with Venous Varix and Intracerebral Haemorrhage
Creators: name: Khandwala, Kumail
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Interventional radiology
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: CNS
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Vascular
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Embolisation
subject: Arteriovenous malformations
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 41-year-old male presented with a sudden onset of severe headache associated with nausea and vomiting. Initially, a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed massive intracerebral haemorrhage in the right frontal lobe (Figure 1A & B). He underwent an emergency decompressive craniectomy, after which he was brought to us for further workup.

description: 41 years, male
New cluster members and halo stars of the Galactic globular cluster NGC 1851
Creators: name: Navin, Colin A.
name: Martell, Sarah L.
name: Zucker, Daniel B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 1851 is an intriguing Galactic globular cluster, with multiple stellar evolutionary sequences, light and heavy element abundance variations and indications of a surrounding stellar halo. We present the first results of a spectroscopic study of red giant stars within and outside of the tidal radius of this cluster. Our results identify nine probable new cluster members (inside the tidal radius) with heliocentric radial velocities consistent with that of NGC 1851. We also identify, based on their radial velocities, four probable extratidal cluster halo stars at distances up to ~3.1 times the tidal radius, which are supportive of previous findings that NGC 1851 is surrounded by an extended stellar halo. Proper motions were available for 12 of these 13 stars and all are consistent with that of NGC 1851. Apart from the cluster members and cluster halo stars, our observed radial velocity distribution agrees with the expected distribution from a Besancon disk/N-body stellar halo Milky Way model generated by the Galaxia code, suggesting that no other structures at different radial velocities are present in our field. The metallicities of these stars are estimated using equivalent width measurements of the near infrared calcium triplet absorption lines and are found, within the limitations of this method, to be consistent with that of NGC 1851. In addition we recover 110 red giant cluster members from previous studies based on their radial velocities and identify three stars with unusually high radial velocities.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Competing states for the fractional quantum Hall effect in the 1/3-filled second Landau level
Creators: name: Jeong, Jae-Seung
name: Lu, Hantao
name: Lee, Ki Hoon
name: Hashimoto, Kenji
name: Chung, Suk Bum
name: Park, Kwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the nature of the fractional quantum Hall state in the 1/3-filled second Landau level (SLL) at filling factor $ν=7/3$ (and 8/3 in the presence of the particle-hole symmetry) via exact diagonalization in both torus and spherical geometries. Specifically, we compute the overlap between the exact 7/3 ground state and various competing states including (i) the Laughlin state, (ii) the fermionic Haffnian state, (iii) the antisymmetrized product state of two composite fermion seas at 1/6 filling, and (iv) the particle-hole (PH) conjugate of the $Z_4$ parafermion state. All these trial states are constructed according to a guiding principle called the bilayer mapping approach, where a trial state is obtained as the antisymmetrized projection of a bilayer quantum Hall state with interlayer distance $d$ as a variational parameter. Under the proper understanding of the ground-state degeneracy in the torus geometry, the $Z_4$ parafermion state can be obtained as the antisymmetrized projection of the Halperin (330) state. Similarly, it is proved in this work that the fermionic Haffnian state can be obtained as the antisymmetrized projection of the Halperin (551) state. It is shown that, while extremely accurate at sufficiently large positive Haldane pseudopotential variation $δV_1^{(1)}$, the Laughlin state loses its overlap with the exact 7/3 ground state significantly at $δV_1^{(1)} \simeq 0$. At slightly negative $δV_1^{(1)}$, it is shown that the PH-conjugated $Z_4$ parafermion state has a substantial overlap with the exact 7/3 ground state, which is the highest among the above four trial states.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
SCORPIO: A deep survey of Radio Emission from the stellar life-cycle
Creators: name: Umana, G.
name: Trigilio, C.
name: Franzen, T. M. O.
name: Norris, R. P.
name: Leto, P.
name: Ingallinera, A.
name: Buemi, C. S.
name: Agliozzo, C.
name: Cavallaro, F.
name: Cerrigone, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio emission has been detected in a broad variety of stellar objects from all stages of stellar evolution. However, most of our knowledge originates from targeted observations of small samples, which are strongly biased to sources which are peculiar at other wavelengths. In order to tackle this problem we have conducted a deep 1.4 GHz survey by using the Australian Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), following the same observing setup as that used for the Australia Telescope Large Area Survey (ATLAS) project, this time choosing a region more appropriate for stellar work. In this paper, the SCORPIO project is presented as well as results from the pilot experiment. The achieved rms is about 30 /uJy and the angular resolution ~10 arcsec. About six hundred of point-like sources have been extracted just from the pilot field. A very small percentage of them are classified in SIMBAD or the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED). About 80 % of the extracted sources are reported in one of the inspected catalogues and 50 % of them appears to belong to a reddened stellar/galactic population. The evaluation of extragalactic contaminants is very difficult without further investigations. Interesting results have been obtained for extended radio sources that fall in the SCORPIO field. Many bubble-like structures have been found, some of which are classified at other wavelengths. However, for all of these sources, our project has provided us with images of unprecedented sensitivity and angular resolution at 2.1 GHz.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, submitted to MNRAS
A study of the measurement precision of the Higgs boson decaying into tau pairs at the ILC
Creators: name: Kawada, Shin-ichi
name: Fujii, Keisuke
name: Suehara, Taikan
name: Takahashi, Tohru
name: Tanabe, Tomohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the measurement precision of the production cross section times the branching ratio of the Higgs boson decaying into tau lepton pairs at the International Linear Collider (ILC). We analyze various final states associated with the main production mechanisms of the Higgs boson, the Higgs-strahlung and WW-fusion processes. The statistical precision of the production cross section times the branching ratio is estimated to be 2.6% and 6.9% for the Higgs-strahlung andWW-fusion processes, respectively, with the nominal integrated luminosities assumed in the ILC Technical Design Report; the precision improves to 1.0% and 3.4% with the running scenario including possible luminosity upgrades. The study provides a reference performance of the ILC for future phenomenological analyses.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 9 tables, revised from v2
Enhancing Idiomatic Representation in Multiple Languages via an Adaptive Contrastive Triplet Loss
Creators: name: He, Wei
name: Idiart, Marco
name: Scarton, Carolina
name: Villavicencio, Aline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurately modeling idiomatic or non-compositional language has been a longstanding challenge in Natural Language Processing (NLP). This is partly because these expressions do not derive their meanings solely from their constituent words, but also due to the scarcity of relevant data resources, and their impact on the performance of downstream tasks such as machine translation and simplification. In this paper we propose an approach to model idiomaticity effectively using a triplet loss that incorporates the asymmetric contribution of components words to an idiomatic meaning for training language models by using adaptive contrastive learning and resampling miners to build an idiomatic-aware learning objective. Our proposed method is evaluated on a SemEval challenge and outperforms previous alternatives significantly in many metrics.
Poincaré-like approach to Landau theory. II. Simplifying the Landau-deGennes potential for nematic liquid crystals
Creators: name: Gaeta, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper we have discussed how the Landau potential (entering in Landau theory of phase transitions) can be simplified using the Poincaré normalization procedure. Here we apply this approach to the Landau-deGennes functional for the isotropic-nematic transitions, and transitions between different nematic phases, in liquid crystals. {We give special attention to applying our method in the region near the main transition point, showing in full detail how this can be done via a suitable simple modification of our Poincaré-like method. We also consider the question if biaxial phases can branch directly off the fully symmetric state; some partial results in this direction are presented.
Forming Your Terrorist Network:  ISIS, Twitter, and the Terrorist Propaganda Campaign
Creators: name: Peele, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015
Subjects: Social networks
Terrorism--Islamic State

description: Since the founding of the Caliphate in June 2014, the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria has gained worldwide media attention for its campaign of violence across Iraq and Syria.  Social media, particularly Twitter, has become a main aspect of ISIS's media campaign.  It has been used to spread propagandistic images and videos of ISIS into the Twittersphere.  This propaganda is important to ISIS because it spreads their message far past its occupied borders and helps to gain support from a wider audience.  Using social media analysis and Twitter's own APIs, this research focused on ISIS's Twitter propaganda campaign and sought to discover the underlying network structure.  The resulting network structure - scale-free - is then analyzed to see how it affects ISIS's dissemination of propaganda on Twitter.  Ultimately, this research hopes to start a conversation on how network structure can be used to stop terrorist organizations from spreading their message online.
Characterization, Functionality and Antioxidant Activity of Water Soluble Proteins Extracted from Bombyx mori Linn
Creators: name: Praphan Pinsirodom
Publisher: name: King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang
Year: 2018
Subjects: Characterization Functionality Antioxidant activity Water soluble protein Edible insect Bombyx mori Linn

description: Current Applied Science and Technology, 18, 2, 83
Scalar field induced dynamical evolution in teleparallel gravity
Creators: name: Mishra, B.
name: Kadam, S. A.
name: Tripathy, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the role of scalar field potentials in the dynamical evolution of the Universe. A gravity theory with a non-minimally coupled scalar field with torsion in the geometrical action simulating effective dark energy is considered to study an extended matter bounce scenario. The dynamical behaviour of the equation of state parameter has been studied near the bouncing epoch. Keeping in mind the inflationary behaviour near the bounce, five different scalar field potential functions are explored, and their effect on the equation of state parameter is investigated.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Constructive comments are welcome
Acrobolbus cinerascens var. marginatus J. J. Engel 2017, var. nov.
Creators: name: Engel, John J.
name: Glenny, David
name: Merrill, Gary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Acrobolbaceae
Acrobolbus
Acrobolbus cinerascens
Acrobolbus cinerascens var. marginatus j.j.engel

description: Acrobolbus cinerascens var. marginatus J.J.Engel, var. nov.
Leaf marginal cells with the tangential (free) walls thickened, forming a ± distinct glistening border, (often with lens-like wall thickening extending into the cell lumen). Areolation rather lax, the median leaf cells 30–42 μm wide × 38–55 μm long, the trigones large and slightly bulging. Surface with hemispherical papillae clustered over the cell lumen, the individual papillae elliptical as seen from above, with a nipple-like projection 2–4 μm wide; also with welt-like striae extending over the walls between adjoining cells.
 Type: — Holotype: NEW ZEALAND. South Island, Canterbury Prov., Arthur’s Pass Natl. Park, Bealey River, off Bealey Valley Track, 830–850 m, Engel 18465 (holotype F, isotype CHR).
The variety is not found outside New Zealand.
description: Published as part of Engel, John J., Glenny, David & Merrill, Gary, 2017, Studies of New Zealand Hepaticae. 69 - 73. A miscellanea of new taxa and combinations together with nomenclatural refinements, pp. 156-158 in Phytotaxa 326 (2) on page 156, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.326.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/13698757
ESM1: from Convergent evolution of quadrupedality in ornithischian dinosaurs was achieved through disparate forelimb muscle mechanics
Creators: name: Dempsey, Matthew
name: Maidment, Susannah C. R.
name: Hedrick, Brandon P.
name: Bates, Karl T.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: General information about each modelled taxon, expanded method details, specimen and reconstruction details, notes on the modelled muscle attachment reconstructions, additional figures and data plots
4th Author-Traffic Problems in Dhaka City Causes, Effects, and Solutions (Case Study to Develop a Business Model)
Creators: name: Ali, Yasin
name: Rafay Anis ur Rehman, Muhammad
name: Danish Akbar Khan, Raja
name: SORN, MENG KHEANG
name: Jiang, Hailing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 359999
subject: Other commerce, management, tourism and services not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 350906
subject: Public transport

description: Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, is facing a severe traffic problem due to the rapid growth of the city’s population and inadequate transportation infrastructure. This year, the total number of working hours lost on Dhaka’s roads has surpassed eight million per day, a significant increase compared to the five million working hours lost daily in 2017. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of Dhaka’s traffic problem, examining the underlying causes and their implications. The analysis process involves an examination of the existing literature and data related to Dhaka’s traffic problem. The paper evaluates the historical development of the city’s transportation infrastructure and urban planning policies to understand how they have contributed to the current situation. The study also analyzes the socioeconomic factors that drive private vehicle ownership and usage in Dhaka. The lack of public transportation and the unregulated growth of private vehicles are major contributors to Dhaka’s traffic congestion. Additionally, poor road infrastructure and traffic management exacerbate the problem, leading to increased air pollution and economic costs. The paper presents a detailed analysis of these factors and their impact on the city. The paper also evaluates potential solutions to the problem, including the expansion of public transportation, the improvement of road infrastructure, the promotion of alternative modes of transport, and the implementation of better traffic management strategies. The study found that a combination of these solutions could effectively address Dhaka’s traffic problem. However, the success of these solutions requires political will and financial investment. In conclusion, the paper high?lights the urgency of addressing Dhaka’s traffic problem and emphasizes the need for comprehensive and sustainable solutions. The study provides policymakers and researchers with a framework for understanding and addressing the traffic problem in Dhaka, contributing to the ongoing discussion on how to improve the quality of life for the city’s residents.
Exploiting Foundation Models and Speech Enhancement for Parkinson's Disease Detection from Speech in Real-World Operative Conditions
Creators: name: La Quatra, Moreno
name: Turco, Maria Francesca
name: Svendsen, Torbjørn
name: Salvi, Giampiero
name: Orozco-Arroyave, Juan Rafael
name: Siniscalchi, Sabato Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work is concerned with devising a robust Parkinson's (PD) disease detector from speech in real-world operating conditions using (i) foundational models, and (ii) speech enhancement (SE) methods. To this end, we first fine-tune several foundational-based models on the standard PC-GITA (s-PC-GITA) clean data. Our results demonstrate superior performance to previously proposed models. Second, we assess the generalization capability of the PD models on the extended PC-GITA (e-PC-GITA) recordings, collected in real-world operative conditions, and observe a severe drop in performance moving from ideal to real-world conditions. Third, we align training and testing conditions applaying off-the-shelf SE techniques on e-PC-GITA, and a significant boost in performance is observed only for the foundational-based models. Finally, combining the two best foundational-based models trained on s-PC-GITA, namely WavLM Base and Hubert Base, yielded top performance on the enhanced e-PC-GITA.
description: Accepted at INTERSPEECH 2024
2nd Author-Exploring the Perceived Prospects of the Belt Road Initiative on Policy Impacts for Madagascar
Creators: name: L.A Fienena, Rasoanirina
name: SORN, MENG KHEANG
name: Ge, Wu
name: Wang, Erpeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 359999
subject: Other commerce, management, tourism and services not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 389999
subject: Other economics not elsewhere classified

description: This paper sorts to promote suitable cooperation between China and Madagascar by way of compiling the sentiments of a varying pool of youthful respondents, which can be benefitable to the policy formulation in Madagascar. In achieving the objectives of the research, an extensive literature review was conducted on the subject matter. Further, a mixed method of research design combining quantitative and qualitative methods was adopted. The study findings from the majority of respondents argue that China’s belt and road initiative (BRI) will create new business and job opportunities and positively impact policy formulation in Madagascar - although an overwhelming majority also concurred that BRI cooperation would give jobs to more Chinese companies over local companies in Madagascar. The respondents expressed concerns about labor laws, working conditions and the employment of some local workers (in addition to Chinese workers) for BRI projects. The suggested reforms include establishing the appropriate conditions for a strong and well-structured BRI cooperation which will create enough opportunity for both local and Chinese workers to co-exist positively, advancing the spirit of a win-win situation on which the core of the BRI lies. When these policies are put in place in Madagascar, appropriate participation from Chinese companies will create more value for local economies
Constrained recursive kernel density/regression estimation by stochastic quasi-gradient methods
Creators: name: Norkin, Vladimir
name: Kirilyuk, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper considers nonparametric kernel density/regression estimation from a stochastic optimization point of view. The estimation problem is represented through a family of stochastic optimization problems. Recursive constrained estimators are obtained by application of stochastic (quasi)gradient methods to these problems, classical kernel estimates are derived as particular cases. Accuracy and rate of convergence of the obtained estimates are established, and asymptotically optimal estimation procedure parameters are found. The case of moving density/regression is particularly studied.
description: To be published in the Springer book series "Studies in Systems, Decision and Control"
The true nature of HE0057-5959, the most metal-poor Li-rich star
Creators: name: Mucciarelli, A.
name: Bonifacio, P.
name: Monaco, L.
name: Salaris, M.
name: Matteuzzi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Li-rich stars are a class of rare objects with A(Li) higher than that of other stars in the same evolutionary stage. Their origin is still debated and valuable routes are the Cameron-Fowler mechanism, mass transfer process in a binary system or engulfment of small bodies. Metal-poor ([Fe/H]<-1 dex) stars are only a small fraction of the entire population of Li-rich stars. We observed with MIKE at the Magellan Telescope the metal-poor ([Fe/H]=-3.95+-0.11 dex) giant star HE0057-5959, deriving A(Li)=+2.09+-0.07 dex. Such A(Li) is higher by about 1 dex than that of other stars in the same evolutionary stage. A previous analysis of the same target suggested that its high A(Li) reflects a still ongoing First Dredge-Up process. We revise the nature of HE0057-5959 by comparing its stellar parameters and A(Li) with appropriate stellar evolution models. This comparison rules out that HE0057-5959 is caught during its First Dredge-Up, being this latter already ended according to the parameters of this star. Its A(Li), remarkably higher than the typical lithium plateau drawn by similar giant stars, demonstrates that HE0057-5959 joins the class of the rare metal-poor Li-rich stars. HE0057-5959 is the most metal-poor Li-rich star discovered so far. We consider different scenarios to explain this star. No internal mixing able to activate the Cameron-Fowler mechanism is known for metal-poor stars at this evolutionary stage. Also the engulfment of planets is disfavored because such metal-poor stars should not host planets. Finally, HE0057-5959 is one of the most Na-rich among the Li-rich stars and we found that a strong excess of Na is common to the three Li-rich stars with [Fe/H]<-3 dex. This finding could support the scenario of mass transfer from a massive companion star in a binary system, even if we found no evidence of radial velocity variations.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Hybrid isentropic twin stars
Creators: name: Carlomagno, Juan Pablo
name: Contrera, Gustavo A.
name: Grunfeld, Ana Gabriela
name: Blaschke, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of hybrid neutron stars with color superconducting quark matter cores at finite temperature that results in sequences of stars with constant entropy per baryon, $s/n_B={\rm const}$. For the quark matter equation of state, we employ a recently developed nonlocal chiral quark model while nuclear matter is described with a relativistic density functional model of the DD2 class. The phase transition is obtained by a Maxwell construction under isothermal conditions. We find that traversing the mixed phase on a trajectory at low $s/n_B\lesssim 2$ in the phase diagram shows a heating effect while at larger $s/n_B$ the temperature drops. This behavior may be attributed to the presence of a color superconducting quark matter phase at low temperatures and the melting of the diquark condensate which restores the normal quark matter phase at higher temperatures. While the isentropic hybrid star branch at low $s/n_B\lesssim 2$ is connected to the neutron star branch, it gets disconnected at higher entropy per baryon so that the "thermal twin" phenomenon is observed. We find that the transition from connected to disconnected hybrid star sequences may be estimated with the Seidov criterion for the difference in energy densities. The radii and masses at the onset of deconfinement exhibit a linear relationship and thus define a critical compactness of the isentropic star configuration for which the transition occurs which for large enough $s/n_B\gtrsim 2$ is accompanied by an instability. The results of this study may be of relevance for uncovering the conditions for the supernova explodability of massive blue supergiant stars by the quark deconfinement mechanism. The accretion-induced deconfinement transition with thermal twin formation may contribute to explaining the origin of eccentric orbits in some binary systems and the origin of isolated millisecond pulsars.
description: 15 pages, 16 Figures, 1 table
Electronic supplementary material from Experiments are needed to quantify the main causes of insect decline
Creators: name: Weisser, Wolfgang
name: Blüthgen, Nico
name: Staab, Michael
name: Achury, Rafael
name: Müller, Jörg
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: ESM file 1: New comparative studies to estimate effect sizes are needed mainly for confounded variables and novel drivers ESM file 2: Methods and analyses for figure 2 (including Tables S1 and S2), data availability and Acknowledgements
Nonlinear optics at low powers: new mechanism of on-chip optical frequency comb generation
Creators: name: Rogov, Andrei
name: Narimanov, Evgenii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear optical effects provide a natural way of light manipulation and interaction, and form the foundation of applied photonics -- from high-speed signal processing and telecommunication, to ultra-high bandwidth interconnects and information processing. However, relatively weak nonlinear response at optical frequencies calls for operation at high optical powers, or boosting efficiency of nonlinear parametric processes by enhancing local field intensity with high quality-factor resonators near cavity resonance, resulting in reduced operational bandwidth and increased loss due to multi-photon absorption. We present an alternative to this conventional approach, with strong nonlinear optical effects at low local intensities, based on period-doubling bifurcations near nonlinear cavity anti-resonance, and apply it to low-power optical comb generation in a silicon chip.
description: Published in PRA; two-column 8 pages, 5 figures
The readership of the Daily Tar Heel On-line
Creators: name: Novak, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999
Subjects: Newpapers--Electronic
Newspapers--North Carolina--College
Newspapers--Readership
Surveys--Readership
Newspapers--Surveys

description: A study of the Daily Tar Heel Online (DTHO) readership was conducted in February of 1999. The research initiative included a web based survey, and an examination of web counter data and summary server log file statistics. The survey generated 460 non-duplicate responses. The results of the study provided insight into the demographic makeup of the readership of the DTHO, and shed light on the behavior and hardware and software capabilities of its users. The findings conclude that the readership of the Daily Tar Heel Online is centered in the Southeastern United States and is composed of men and women between the ages of 18 and 30. These men and women are mostly alumni and parents of UNC students who earn over $30,000 a year and work in some type of professional occupation. Readers access the paper from work generally during the noon hour. Their favorite sections are UNC Sports and UNC News and they read the electronic edition three days a week or less. They posses more advanced technology in the way of hardware, software, and Internet connectivity than the average Internet user. The readership is very interested in purchasing products from the DTHO web site and is comfortable conducting credit card transactions over the Internet. If readers could change the Daily Tar Heel Online they would provide better archiving and search capabilities and would provide additional content beyond what is produced in the traditional paper edition.
F-Theory, Spinning Black Holes and Multi-string Branches
Creators: name: Haghighat, Babak
name: Murthy, Sameer
name: Vafa, Cumrun
name: Vandoren, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study 5d supersymmetric black holes which descend from strings of generic $\mathcal{N}=(1,0)$ supergravity in 6d. These strings have an F-theory realization in 6d as D3 branes wrapping smooth genus $g$ curves in the base of elliptic 3-folds. They enjoy $(0,4)$ worldsheet supersymmetry with an extra $SU(2)_L$ current algebra at level $g$ realized on the left-movers. When the smooth curves degenerate they lead to multi-string branches and we find that the microscopic worldsheet theory flows in the IR to disconnected 2d CFTs having different central charges. The single string sector is the one with maximal central charge, which when wrapped on a circle, leads to a 5d spinning BPS black hole whose horizon volume agrees with the leading entropy prediction from the Cardy formula. However, we find new phenomena where this branch meets other branches of the CFT. These include multi-string configurations which have no bound states in 6 dimensions but are bound through KK momenta when wrapping a circle, as well as loci where the curves degenerate to spheres. These loci lead to black hole configurations which can have total angular momentum relative to a Taub-Nut center satisfying $J^2 > M^3$ and whose number of states, though exponentially large, grows much slower than those of the large spinning black hole.
description: 60 pages, 9 figures. v3: meaning of "CCB violating states" clarified, typos corrected, acknowledgements added
The Perception and Potential of Preservation in Public Libraries
Creators: name: Signorile, Catherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002
Subjects: Public libraries
Preservation of library materials

description: This paper consists of a discussion regarding the manner in which public libraries have reacted to the preservation field, which historically has been focused on the somewhat different needs of academic and research institutions. This discussion includes background information about the goals of the typical public library and the arguments put forth by public librarians as to why preservation is not their concern. Also discussed are the preservation problems to which public library collections are prone and the ways in which those problems are currently addressed. Based on evidence indicating that public libraries are concerned with the state of their materials, whether or not it is termed "preservation," the paper suggests ways in which solutions devised by the academic preservation community could be applied to public library problems. The paper concludes with suggestions for and observations on the future of preservation in the public library environment.
APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN WIND ELECTRIC INSTALLATIONS
Creators: name: Mammadov, N.S.
name: Aliyeva, G.A.
name: Kerimova, S.M.
Publisher: name: Вестник науки
Year: 2023
Subjects: artificial intelligence
wind turbine
wind energy
optimization
efficiency
reliability

description: With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, new prospects are opening up for optimizing the operation of wind turbines. Wind energy is becoming an increasingly popular source of renewable energy, and the application of AI can significantly improve the efficiency, reliability and controllability of wind turbines. In this article, we will look at various aspects of the application of artificial intelligence in wind energy, including the optimization and management of wind turbines.
Quantum dot micropillar cavities with quality factors exceeding 250,000
Creators: name: Schneider, Christian
name: Gold, Peter
name: Reitzenstein, Stephan
name: Hoefling, Sven
name: Kamp, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the spectroscopic investigation of quantum dot - micropillar cavities with unprecedented quality factors. We observe a pronounced dependency of the quality factor on the measurement scheme, and find that significantly larger quality factors can be extracted in photoreflectance compared to photoluminescence measurements. While the photoluminescence spectra of the microcavity resonances feature a Lorentzian lineshape and Q-factors up to 184,000, the reflectance spectra have a Fano-shaped asymmetry and feature significantly higher Q-factors in excess of 250,000 resulting from a full saturation of the embedded emitters. The very high quality factors in our cavities promote strong light-matter coupling with visibilities exceeding 0.5 for a single QD coupled to the cavity mode.
Observed changes in monthly baseflow across Africa
Creators: name: Ayers, Jessica R.
name: Villarini, Gabriele
name: Tramblay, Yves
name: Kim, Hanbeen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Baseflow is an important water resource because it supplies streamflow between precipitation events and during dry seasons. We report the first continental assessment of baseflow in Africa by analyzing the baseflow index, baseflow seasonality, and monthly baseflow trends for three periods (1950–2018, 1950–1980, and 1981–2018). To explain changes in baseflow, we analyze precipitation trends. Results highlight that the baseflow season in west-central Africa occurs during August–November. In southern and northern Africa, the baseflow season is similar (January–May and January–April, respectively). Trend analysis detected monthly baseflow decreases in west-central Africa over the entire record and from 1950 to 1980, with increases after 1980. A clear pattern was absent in southern Africa for the whole record, but increases were detected earlier and decreases from 1981 to 2018. In northern Africa, decreasing baseflow trends were pronounced over the whole record, with no clear shift present. Precipitation trends were only consistent with baseflow changes in west-central Africa.
Emergent pair symmetries in systems with poor man's Majorana modes
Creators: name: Cayao, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Few-site Kitaev chains are promising for realizing Majorana zero modes without topological protection but fully nonlocal, which are known as poor man's Majorana modes. While several signatures have already been reported both theoretically and experimentally, it still remains unknown what is the nature of superconducting correlations in the presence of poor man's Majorana modes. In this work, we study few-site Kitaev chains and demonstrate that they host pair correlations with distinct symmetries, entirely determined by the underlying quantum numbers. In particular, we find that a two-site Kitaev chain hosts local (odd-frequency) and nonlocal (odd- and even-frequency) pair correlations, both spin polarized and highly tunable by the system parameters. Interestingly, the odd-frequency pair correlations exhibit a divergent behaviour around zero frequency when the nonlocal $p$-wave pair potential and electron tunneling are of the same order, an effect that can be controlled by the onsite energies. Since a divergent odd-frequency pairing is directly connected to the intrinsic spatial nonlocality of Majorana zero modes in topological superconductors, the divergent odd-frequency pairing here reflects the intrinsic Majorana nonlocality of poor man's Majorana modes but without any relation to topology. Our findings could help understanding the emergent pair correlations in few-site Kitaev chains.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Published version
Checking the Lists: Protagonist and Author Diversity in Award-Winning and Bestselling Young Adult Fiction
Creators: name: Rawson, Casey H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010
Subjects: Multiculturalism
Young adults' literature
Young adult authors

description: Librarians often rely upon preassembled title lists, such as YALSA's Best Books for Young Adults (BBYA) list or the Publishers Weekly bestsellers list, to make collection development decisions. This study was developed to examine three such lists for the prevalence of diverse protagonists and authors with the goal of determining which list most closely aligns with actual demographic data for U.S. teens. Award-winning, Teens' Top Ten, and bestselling titles were included in the study. Overall, the award-winning title list included the highest percentage of minority authors and the highest percentage of protagonists belonging to most marginalized demographic groups, while the bestselling title list included the lowest percentages in these categories. However, all three lists underrepresented protagonists and authors from certain demographic categories. Based on these results, it is recommended that librarians supplement list-based collection development with purposive collection of titles featuring minority protagonists and/or written by minority authors.