cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Order Statistics and Probabilistic Robust Control
Creators: name: Chen, Xinjia
name: Zhou, Kemin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Order statistics theory is applied in this paper to probabilistic robust control theory to compute the minimum sample size needed to come up with a reliable estimate of an uncertain quantity under continuity assumption of the related probability distribution. Also, the concept of distribution-free tolerance intervals is applied to estimate the range of an uncertain quantity and extract the information about its distribution. To overcome the limitations imposed by the continuity assumption in the existing order statistics theory, we have derived a cumulative distribution function of the order statistics without the continuity assumption and developed an inequality showing that this distribution has an upper bound which equals to the corresponding distribution when the continuity assumption is satisfied. By applying this inequality, we investigate the minimum computational effort needed to come up with an reliable estimate for the upper bound (or lower bound) and the range of a quantity. We also give conditions, which are much weaker than the absolute continuity assumption, for the existence of such minimum sample size. Furthermore, the issue of making tradeoff between performance level and risk is addressed and a guideline for making this kind of tradeoff is established. This guideline can be applied in general without continuity assumption.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Prior entanglement between senders enables perfect quantum network coding with modification
Creators: name: Hayashi, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find a protocol transmitting two quantum states crossly in the butterfly network only with prior entanglement between two senders. This protocol requires only one qubit transmission or two classical bits transmission in each channel in the butterfly network. It is also proved that it is impossible without prior entanglement. More precisely, an upper bound of average fidelity is given in the butterfly network when prior entanglement is not allowed.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Quality control for proteomics and metabolomics
Creators: name: Bittremieux, Wout
name: Tabb, David L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Throughout biological mass spectrometry, researchers are prioritizing repeatability and reproducibility of experimentation. This workshop, presented by members of the HUPO PSI (Proteomics Standards Initiative) Quality Control Working Group, will demonstrate methods in quality control (QC) and qualityassurance for mass spectrometry.

The presentations and discussions will emphasize real-life scenarios, using published experiments as a starting point. The team will demonstrate how to transform a collection of LC-MS/MS raw data into quality metrics and how to make inferences or decisions based upon these metrics (such as recognizing batch effects and outliers). The mzQC file format created by this team to communicate quality information will be shown in action, enablingsoftware tools from different laboratories to communicate.

Some of the questions we hope to answer with participants include the following: How can QC samples be incorporated in your experimental design? How do different sample processing steps influence the measured data, for example, by inadvertently introducing artificial modifications? Is it possible to disentangle the influence of technical and biological variability? Which user-friendly software tools are available to assess data quality?
Twist-2 generalized transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions and the spin/orbital structure of the nucleon
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: hep-ph
hep-ex

description: Generalized transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions (GTMDs) encode the most general parton structure of hadrons. Here we focus on two twist-2 GTMDs which are denoted by F1,4 and G1,1 in parts of the literature. As already shown previously, both GTMDs have a close relation to orbital angular momentum of partons inside a hadron. However, recently even the mere existence of F1,4 and G1,1 has been doubted. We explain why this claim does not hold. We support our model-independent considerations by calculating the two GTMDs in the scalar diquark model and in the quark-target model, where we also explicitly check the relation to orbital angular momentum. In addition, we compute F1,4 and G1,1 at large transverse momentum in perturbative quantum chromodynamics and show that they are nonzero. © 2014 American Physical Society.
Floating Isogeometric Analysis
Creators: name: Hille, Helge C.
name: Kumar, Siddhant
name: De Lorenzis, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose Floating Isogeometric Analysis (FLIGA), which extends the concepts of IGA to Lagrangian extreme deformation analysis. The method is based on a novel tensor-product construction of B-Splines for the update of the basis functions in one direction of the parametric space. With basis functions 'floating' deformation-dependently in this direction, mesh distortion is overcome for problems in which extreme deformations occur predominantly along the associated (possibly curved) physical axis. In doing so, we preserve the numerical advantages of splines over many meshless basis functions, while avoiding remeshing. We employ material point integration for numerical quadrature attributing a Lagrangian character to our technique. The paper introduces the method and reviews the fundamental properties of the FLIGA basis functions, including a numerical patch test. The performance of FLIGA is then numerically investigated on the benchmark of Newtonian and viscoelastic Taylor-Couette flow. Finally, we simulate a viscoelastic extrusion-based additive manufacturing process, which served as the original motivation for the new approach.
Small intersection numbers in the curve graph
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: math.GT

description: Let $S_{g,p}$ denote the genus $g$ orientable surface with $p \ge 0$ punctures, and let $\omega(g,p)= 3g+p-4$. We prove the existence of infinitely long geodesic rays $\left\{v_{0},v_{1}, v_{2}, ...\right\}$ in the curve graph satisfying the following optimal intersection property: for any natural number $k$, the endpoints $v_{i},v_{i+k}$ of any length $k$ subsegment intersect $O(\omega^{k-2})$ times. By combining this with work of the first author, we answer a question of Dan Margalit.
From images in the wild to video-informed image classification
Creators: name: Böhlen, Marc
name: Chandola, Varun
name: Sujarwo, Wawan
name: Jain, Raunaq
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Image classifiers work effectively when applied on structured images, yet they often fail when applied on images with very high visual complexity. This paper describes experiments applying state-of-the-art object classifiers toward a unique set of images in the wild with high visual complexity collected on the island of Bali. The text describes differences between actual images in the wild and images from Imagenet, and then discusses a novel approach combining informational cues particular to video with an ensemble of imperfect classifiers in order to improve classification results on video sourced images of plants in the wild.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, supplemental materials
Precision measurement of the neutron twist-3 matrix element d2n: Probing color forces
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration

description: Double-spin asymmetries and absolute cross sections were measured at large Bjorken x(0.25≤x≤0.90), in both the deep-inelastic and resonance regions, by scattering longitudinally polarized electrons at beam energies of 4.7 and 5.9 GeV from a transversely and longitudinally polarized He3 target. In this dedicated experiment, the spin structure function g2He3 was determined with precision at large x, and the neutron twist-3 matrix element d2n was measured at 〈Q2〉 of 3.21 and 4.32GeV2/c2, with an absolute precision of about 10-5. Our results are found to be in agreement with lattice QCD calculations and resolve the disagreement found with previous data at 〈Q2〉=5GeV2/c2. Combining d2n and a newly extracted twist-4 matrix element f2n, the average neutron color electric and magnetic forces were extracted and found to be of opposite sign and about 30MeV/fm in magnitude. © 2014 American Physical Society.
The Poisson bracket compatible with the classical reflection equation algebra
Creators: name: Tsiganov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a family of compatible Poisson brackets on the space of $2\times 2$ polynomial matrices, which contains the reflection equation algebra bracket. Then we use it to derive a multi-Hamiltonian structure for a set of integrable systems that includes the $XXX$ Heisenberg magnet with boundary conditions, the generalized Toda lattices and the Kowalevski top.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX with AmsFonts
Liquidity-free implied volatilities: an approach using conic finance
Creators: name: Michielon, Matteo
name: Khedher, Asma
name: Spreij, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider the problem of calculating risk-neutral implied volatilities of European options without relying on option mid prices but solely on bid and ask prices. We provide an approach, based on the conic finance paradigm, that allows to uniquely strip risk-neutral implied volatilities from bid and ask quotes, and that does not require restrictive assumptions. Our methodology also allows to jointly calculate the implied liquidity of the market. The idea outlined in this paper can be applied to calculate other implied parameters from bid and ask security prices as soon as their theoretical risk-neutral counterparts are strictly increasing with respect to the former.
Fast Construction of Robustness Degradation Function
Creators: name: Chen, Xinjia
name: Zhou, Kemin
name: Aravena, Jorge L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a fast algorithm to construct the robustness degradation function, which describes quantitatively the relationship between the proportion of systems guaranteeing the robustness requirement and the radius of the uncertainty set. This function can be applied to predict whether a controller design based on an inexact mathematical model will perform satisfactorily when implemented on the true system.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
不同栖息环境下蛇类嗅觉系统的基因表达模式差异
Creators: name: 彭忠良
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2022
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Multispecies
Evolution

description: 探究不同栖息环境下蛇类嗅觉系统的基因表达模式差异
Measurement of the target-normal single-spin asymmetry in deep-inelastic scattering from the reaction He 3 ↑ (e,e′)X
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: nucl-ex

description: We report the first measurement of the target-normal single-spin asymmetry in deep-inelastic scattering from the inclusive reaction He3↑(e,e′)X on a polarized He3 gas target. Assuming time-reversal invariance, this asymmetry is strictly zero in the Born approximation but can be nonzero if two-photon-exchange contributions are included. The experiment, conducted at Jefferson Lab using a 5.89 GeV electron beam, covers a range of 1.72GeV, which is nonzero at the 2.89σ level. Our measured asymmetry agrees both in sign and magnitude with a two-photon-exchange model prediction that uses input from the Sivers transverse momentum distribution obtained from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering. © 2014 American Physical Society.
Reply to Comment on "Dynamical corrections to the DFT-LDA electron conductance in nanoscale systems"
Creators: name: Sai, Na
name: Zwolak, Michael
name: Vignale, Giovanni
name: Di Ventra, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reply to the comment by Jung, Bokes, and Godby (arXiv:0706.0140) on our paper Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 186810 (2005). We show that the results in their comment should not be taken as an indication that the viscosity corrections to the conductance of real nanoscale structures are small. A more accurate treatment of the density and current density distribution and of the electronic correlations may yield much larger corrections in realistic systems.
description: Reply to the comment by Jung et al (arXiv:0706.0140). 1 page, no figures, to appear in PRL
Constrained Optimal Synthesis and Robustness Analysis by Randomized Algorithms
Creators: name: Chen, Xinjia
name: Zhou, Kemin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we consider robust control using randomized algorithms. We extend the existing order statistics distribution theory to the general case in which the distribution of population is not assumed to be continuous and the order statistics is associated with certain constraints. In particular, we derive an inequality on distribution for related order statistics. Moreover, we also propose two different approaches in searching reliable solutions to the robust analysis and optimal synthesis problems under constraints. Furthermore, minimum computational effort is investigated and bounds for sample size are derived.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Probing the repulsive core of the nucleon-nucleon interaction via the He 4 (e,e′pN) triple-coincidence reaction
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration

description: We studied simultaneously the He4(e,e′p), He4(e,e′pp), and He4(e,e′pn) reactions at Q2=2(GeV/c)2 and xB>1, for an (e,e′p) missing-momentum range of 400 to 830MeV/c. The knocked-out proton was detected in coincidence with a proton or neutron recoiling almost back to back to the missing momentum, leaving the residual A=2 system at low excitation energy. These data were used to identify two-nucleon short-range correlated pairs and to deduce their isospin structure as a function of missing momentum, in a region where the nucleon-nucleon (NN) force is expected to change from predominantly tensor to repulsive. The abundance of neutron-proton pairs is reduced as the nucleon momentum increases beyond ∼500MeV/c. The extracted fraction of proton-proton pairs is small and almost independent of the missing momentum. Our data are compared with calculations of two-nucleon momentum distributions in He4 and discussed in the context of probing the elusive repulsive component of the NN force. © 2014 American Physical Society.
ПРОФИЛАКТИКА ПРАВОНАРУШЕНИЙ, СВЯЗАННЫХ С РЕЛИГИОЗНЫМ ЭКСТРЕМИЗМОМ: ПОНЯТИЕ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ
Creators: name: Шаумаров, З.Ш.
name: Баходиржонов, Б.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: в данной статье рассмотрено понятие и особенности профилактики религиозного экстремизма. Также в статье проанализирована деятельность инспектора профилактики в организации профилактики преступлений в сфере религиозного экстремизма.
Leveraging ChatGPT to Transform English Language Teaching
Creators: name: Fikri, Haekal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390405
subject: Educational technology and computing
classificationCode: 460208
subject: Natural language processing

description: In recent years, English language teaching has undergone significant transformations owing to technological advancements and the integration of innovative pedagogical approaches. Among these advancements, the incorporation of chatbots and conversational agents in educational settings has garnered considerable attention. ChatGPT, an advanced language model based on the GPT-3.5 architecture developed by OpenAI, has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing language learning experiences. The study obtained articles by conducting searches using internet search engines such as Google Scholar and ERIC, specifically focusing on ChatGPT integration in English language teaching. This approach was chosen to meet the paper's objective, employing inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analysis results showed that the potential impact of ChatGPT on the landscape of English Language Teaching and Learning is immense, as it exhibits the ability to comprehend intricate queries, generate plausible responses, and offer personalized assistance. Striking a balance between AI and human engagement is crucial, as teachers play a pivotal role in nurturing critical thinking and social skills in students.
Action spectroscopy of SrCl+ using an integrated ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometer
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: physics.chem-ph
physics.atom-ph

description: The photodissociation cross-section of SrCl+ is measured in the spectral range of 36000-46000 cm-1 using a modular time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS). By irradiating a sample of trapped SrCl+ molecular ions with a pulsed dye laser, X1Σ+ state molecular ions are electronically excited to the repulsive wall of the A 1Π state, resulting in dissociation. Using the TOF-MS, the product fragments are detected and the photodissociation cross-section is determined for a broad range of photon energies. Detailed ab initio calculations of the SrCl+ molecular potentials and spectroscopic constants are also performed and are found to be in good agreement with experiment. The spectroscopic constants for SrCl+ are also compared to those of another alkaline earth halogen, BaCl+, in order to highlight structural differences between the two molecular ions. This work represents the first spectroscopy and ab initio calculations of SrCl+. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
Primitive Rateless Codes
Creators: name: Shirvanimoghaddam, Mahyar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose primitive rateless (PR) codes. A PR code is characterized by the message length and a primitive polynomial over $\mathbf{GF}(2)$, which can generate a potentially limitless number of coded symbols. We show that codewords of a PR code truncated at any arbitrary length can be represented as subsequences of a maximum-length sequence ($m$-sequence). We characterize the Hamming weight distribution of PR codes and their duals and show that for a properly chosen primitive polynomial, the Hamming weight distribution of the PR code can be well approximated by the truncated binomial distribution. We further find a lower bound on the minimum Hamming weight of PR codes and show that there always exists a PR code that can meet this bound for any desired codeword length. We provide a list of primitive polynomials for message lengths up to $40$ and show that the respective PR codes closely meet the Gilbert-Varshamov bound at various rates. Simulation results show that PR codes can achieve similar block error rates as their BCH counterparts at various signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and code rates. PR codes are rate-compatible and can generate as many coded symbols as required; thus, demonstrating a truly rateless performance.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transaction on Communications, July 2021
Approximate Killing Vectors on S^2
Creators: name: Cook, Gregory B.
name: Whiting, Bernard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method for computing the best approximation to a Killing vector on closed 2-surfaces that are topologically S^2. When solutions of Killing's equation do not exist, this method is shown to yield results superior to those produced by existing methods. In addition, this method appears to provide a new tool for studying the horizon geometry of distorted black holes.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review D, revtex4
ELIXIR-EXCELERATE D8.6: Documentation on adequate quality reporting standards for genomics datasets
Creators: name: Trotta, Jean-Rémi
name: Laurie, Steve
name: Matalonga, Leslie
name: Gut, Marta
name: Beltran, Sergi
name: Gut, Ivo G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: ELIXIR-EXCELERATE
Rare Disease
standards

description: Rare disease (RD) research faces particular challenges because patient populations, clinical expertise, and research communities are small in number and highly fragmented both geographically and in terms of medical specialty. The scarcity of rare disease patients and their corresponding (gen)omic data has made data sharing one of the fundamental pillars to fasten and improve patient diagnostic and to reach IRDiRC 2017-2027 vision to enable all people living with a RD to receive an accurate diagnosis, care, and available therapy within one year of coming to medical attention.

Different project such as NeurOmics, EurenOmics, RD-Connect and more recently Solve-RD and EJP-RD, infrastructures such as BBMRI and ELIXIR and initiatives such as GA4GH have been working towards this objective. Indeed, rare disease platforms such as RD-Connect GPAP enable controlled data sharing of standardised phenotypic and genomic data. HPO, OMIM and Orphanet (ORDO) ontologies are used to collect phenotypic data and GATK best practices and GA4GH standards are followed to collect and process genomic data through a standardised pipeline (Laurie et al., 2016).

Collating genomic data from disparate centers across different countries has largely evidentiate to improve our understanding on rare diseases (Lochmüller et al., 2018). However in order to fully benefit from this unprecedented access to genomic data, care must be given to determine the quality of these genomic datasets, especially when sequenced at different centres, under different protocols and using different technologies. In this sense, several metrics such as depth of coverage, base quality and mapping quality are already broadly used for NGS quality evaluation. However, due to the rapid development of the genome sequencing field, comprehensive quality management considerations are still scarce and although some efforts have been made, there is no current standards for genomic data quality comparison (Endrullat et al 2016 and Mahamdallie et al 2018 ).

In this context, one of the specific objectives of EXCELERATE WP8 was to establish a framework for quality assessment of genomic data (Task 8.1.2) to enable rare disease researchers to easily compare genomic datasets, starting with whole exome sequencing data. In this deliverable, we have explored a rating system based on 5 different quality metrics. This rating system could be used as a starting point for continuing work in the context of WGS sequencing data and the 1M genomes declaration as federated systems across endorser countries will require to compare WES / WGS of different origin.
Economic effect in shipping companies due to decarbonization
Creators: name: Stamou, Marina
name: Στάμου, Μαρίνα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: IMO
subject: Carbon dioxide
subject: LNG
subject: Ammonia
subject: Hydrogen
subject: GHG

description: Τα τελευταία χρονιά πολλοί οργανισμοί έχουν ευαισθητοποιηθεί και έχουν τονίσει την ανάγκη που υπάρχει για προστασία του περιβάλλοντος. Ο Διεθνής Ναυτιλιακός Οργανισμός (ΙΜΟ), ως παγκόσμιος ρυθμιστή της ναυτιλιακής βιομηχανίας, έχει προσπαθήσει να θεσπίσει κανονισμούς, οι όποιοι θα βοηθήσουν στη μείωση ρύπανσης του περιβάλλοντος από τη ναυτιλία. Γι’ αυτό τον λόγο, η Επιτροπή Προστασίας Θαλασσίου Περιβάλλοντος (MEPC) του IMO αποφάσισε να θέσει ως στόχο τη μείωση της έντασης των εκπομπών αερίων ρύπων, συγκεκριμένα του άνθρακα, κατά 40% έως το 2030 και κατά τουλάχιστον 50% έως το 2050 κάνοντας τους εμπλεκόμενους να θέλουν να βρουν μια μακροπρόθεσμη λύση και όχι κάτι προσωρινό. Η πορεία προς την απανθρακοποίηση είναι μια σύνθετη διαδικασία που επηρεάζει όλους τους εμπλεκομένους και όχι μόνο τους εφοπλιστές, καθώς για τα καύσιμα και την ποιότητα τους υπεύθυνοι είναι οι παραγωγοί και προμηθευτές, για τις μηχανές και τις νέες τεχνολογίες την ευθύνη έχουν οι κατασκευαστές και τα ναυπηγία. Χωρίς σημαντικές επενδύσεις στην Έρευνα και Ανάπτυξη από αυτούς τους εμπλεκόμενους φορείς, η ναυτιλιακή βιομηχανία θα παραμείνει εξαρτημένη από τον άνθρακα Συνοψίζοντας, οι ναυτιλιακές εταιρίες καλούνται να επιλέξουν τη βέλτιστη, κατά τη γνώμη τους λύση, ώστε να πετύχουν αυτό το στόχο. Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία έχει σαν σκοπό την ανάλυση του αποτυπώματος του άνθρακα της ναυτιλίας και θα αναλυθούν κάποιες απ’ τις διαθέσιμες επιλογές που έχουν οι πλοιοκτήτες όπως το LNG, το υδρογόνο και η αμμωνία.
Near-field microwave magnetic nanoscopy of superconducting radio frequency cavity materials
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: cond-mat.supr-con

description: A localized measurement of the RF critical field on superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavity materials is a key step to identify specific defects that produce quenches of SRF cavities. Two measurements are performed to demonstrate these capabilities with a near-field scanning probe microwave microscope. The first is a third harmonic nonlinear measurement on a high Residual-Resistance- Ratio bulk Nb sample showing strong localized nonlinear response, with surface RF magnetic field Bsurface∼ 102 mT. The second is a raster scanned harmonic response image on a MgB2 thin film demonstrating a uniform nonlinear response over large areas. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
Linearized model Fokker-Planck collision operators for gyrokinetic simulations. I. Theory
Creators: name: Abel, I. G.
name: Barnes, M.
name: Cowley, S. C.
name: Dorland, W.
name: Schekochihin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new analytically and numerically manageable model collision operator is developed specifically for turbulence simulations. The like-particle collision operator includes both pitch-angle scattering and energy diffusion and satisfies the physical constraints required for collision operators: it conserves particles, momentum and energy, obeys Boltzmann's H-theorem (collisions cannot decrease entropy), vanishes on a Maxwellian, and efficiently dissipates small-scale structure in the velocity space. The process of transforming this collision operator into the gyroaveraged form for use in gyrokinetic simulations is detailed. The gyroaveraged model operator is shown to have more suitable behavior at small scales in phase space than previously suggested models. A model operator for electron-ion collisions is also presented.
description: revtex, 12 pages
The cosmic carbon footprint of massive stars stripped in binary systems
Creators: name: Farmer, R.
name: Laplace, E.
name: de Mink, S. E.
name: Justham, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmic origin of carbon, a fundamental building block of life, is still uncertain. Yield predictions for massive stars are almost exclusively based on single star models, even though a large fraction interact with a binary companion. Using the MESA stellar evolution code, we predict the carbon ejected in the winds and supernovae of single and binary-stripped stars at solar metallicity. We find that binary-stripped stars are twice as efficient at producing carbon (1.5-2.6 times, depending on choices on the slope of the initial mass function and black hole formation). We confirm that this is because the convective helium core recedes in stars that have lost their hydrogen envelope, as noted previously. The shrinking of the core disconnects the outermost carbon-rich layers created during the early phase of helium burning from the more central burning regions. The same effect prevents carbon destruction, even when the supernova shock wave passes. The yields are sensitive to the treatment of mixing at convective boundaries, specifically during carbon-shell burning (variations up to 40%) and improving upon this should be a central priority for more reliable yield predictions. The yields are robust (variations less than 0.5%) across our range of explosion assumptions. Black hole formation assumptions are also important, implying that the stellar graveyard now explored by gravitational-wave detections may yield clues to better understand the cosmic carbon production. Our findings also highlight the importance of accounting for binary-stripped stars in chemical yield predictions and motivates further studies of other products of binary interactions.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, Accepted ApJ
Towards an explanation of transverse single-spin asymmetries in proton-proton collisions: The role of fragmentation in collinear factorization
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: hep-ph

description: We study the transverse single-spin asymmetry for single-hadron production in proton-proton collisions within the framework of collinear twist-3 factorization in quantum chromodynamics. By taking into account the contribution due to parton fragmentation, we obtain a very good description of all high transverse-momentum data for neutral and charged pion production from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Our study may provide the crucial step toward a final solution to the long-standing problem of what causes transverse single-spin asymmetries in hadronic collisions within quantum chromodynamics. We show for the first time that it is possible to simultaneously describe spin/azimuthal asymmetries in proton-proton collisions, semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering, and electron-positron annihilation by using collinear twist-3 factorization in the first process along with transverse-momentum- dependent functions extracted from the latter two reactions. © 2014 American Physical Society.
On pointwise $\ell^r$-sparse domination in a space of homogeneous type
Creators: name: Lorist, Emiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 42B20, Secondary: 42B15, 42B25, 46E40

description: We prove a general sparse domination theorem in a space of homogeneous type, in which a vector-valued operator is controlled pointwise by a positive, local expression called a sparse operator. We use the structure of the operator to get sparse domination in which the usual $\ell^1$-sum in the sparse operator is replaced by an $\ell^r$-sum. This sparse domination theorem is applicable to various operators from both harmonic analysis and (S)PDE. Using our main theorem, we prove the $A_2$-theorem for vector-valued Calderón--Zygmund operators in a space of homogeneous type, from which we deduce an anisotropic, mixed norm Mihlin multiplier theorem. Furthermore, we show quantitative weighted norm inequalities for the Rademacher maximal operator, for which Banach space geometry plays a major role.
description: Minor typos corrected. To appear in The Journal of Geometric Analysis
On the Binomial Confidence Interval and Probabilistic Robust Control
Creators: name: Chen, Xinjia
name: Zhou, Kemin
name: Aravena, Jorge L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Clopper-Pearson confidence interval has ever been documented as an exact approach in some statistics literature. More recently, such approach of interval estimation has been introduced to probabilistic control theory and has been referred as non-conservative in control community. In this note, we clarify the fact that the so-called exact approach is actually conservative. In particular, we derive analytic results demonstrating the extent of conservatism in the context of probabilistic robustness analysis. This investigation encourages seeking better methods of confidence interval construction for robust control purpose.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Neutrino Interactions with Nuclei
Creators: name: Leitner, T.
name: Buss, O.
name: Mosel, U.
name: Alvarez-Ruso, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate neutrino-nucleus collisions at intermediate energies incorporating quasi-elastic scattering and the excitation of 13 resonances as elementary processes, taking into account medium effects such as Fermi motion, Pauli blocking, mean-field potentials and in-medium spectral functions. A coupled-channel treatment of final state interactions is achieved with the GiBUU transport model. Results for inclusive reactions, neutrino- and electron-induced, as well as for pion production and nucleon knockout are presented.
description: Inv. Talk by U. Mosel at NUINT07
Real time display with the ferrolens of homogeneous magnetic fields
Creators: name: Markoulakis, Emmanouil
name: Vanderelli, Timm
name: Frantzeskakis, Lambros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our previous published research we have studied the applications of the ferrolens for the observation and qualitative analysis of non-homogeneous magnetic fields. Latest developments over the last few years of the ferrolens increased multifold the sensitivity of this device allowing it to display magnetic fields as low as 10mT in strength and therefore it is possible now to observe also the homogeneous (i.e. straight parallel magnetic flux lines of uniform density in space) magnetic field existing inside air solenoids and between N-S poles of two attracting separated permanent magnets. We present and analyze herein these novel observations of homogeneous magnetic fields with the ferrolens and as a potential new application of this device. The ferrolens can now display the projected magnetic field on air from a distance without needing to be in physical contact with the field source. Experiments were carried out to demonstrate these new capabilities of the ferrolens as a nanomagnetic flux viewer, real-time physical device and scientific qualitative tool. We compare the geometry of magnetic fields of condensed matter ferromagnets with that of magnetic fields inside electrical air solenoids. Specifically, the homogeneous field between two N-S attracting magnets at a distance as well as inside air solenoids and Helmholtz coils and also the non-homogeneous total field of single dipole permanent magnets were observed using a latest generation very sensitive ferrolens. The unique feature of this magneto optic fluid thin film physical device is that it can display discrete magnetic flux lines of the macroscopic field. Also we show how the ferrolens can be used to detect qualitatively the symmetry center of a non ideal homogeneous magnetic field.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Incremental Intervention Effects in Studies with Dropout and Many Timepoints
Creators: name: Kim, Kwangho
name: Kennedy, Edward H.
name: Naimi, Ashley I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G05

description: Modern longitudinal studies collect feature data at many timepoints, often of the same order of sample size. Such studies are typically affected by {dropout} and positivity violations. We tackle these problems by generalizing effects of recent incremental interventions (which shift propensity scores rather than set treatment values deterministically) to accommodate multiple outcomes and subject dropout. We give an identifying expression for incremental intervention effects when dropout is conditionally ignorable (without requiring treatment positivity), and derive the nonparametric efficiency bound for estimating such effects. Then we present efficient nonparametric estimators, showing that they converge at fast parametric rates and yield uniform inferential guarantees, even when nuisance functions are estimated flexibly at slower rates. We also study the variance ratio of incremental intervention effects relative to more conventional deterministic effects in a novel infinite time horizon setting, where the number of timepoints can grow with sample size, and show that incremental intervention effects yield near-exponential gains in statistical precision in this setup. Finally we conclude with simulations and apply our methods in a study of the effect of low-dose aspirin on pregnancy outcomes.
description: 52 pages
An active dendritic tree can mitigate fan-in limitations in superconducting neurons
Creators: name: Primavera, Bryce A.
name: Shainline, Jeffrey M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Superconducting electronic circuits have much to offer with regard to neuromorphic hardware. Superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) can serve as an active element to perform the thresholding operation of a neuron's soma. However, a SQUID has a response function that is periodic in the applied signal. We show theoretically that if one restricts the total input to a SQUID to maintain a monotonically increasing response, a large fraction of synapses must be active to drive a neuron to threshold. We then demonstrate that an active dendritic tree (also based on SQUIDs) can significantly reduce the fraction of synapses that must be active to drive the neuron to threshold. In this context, the inclusion of a dendritic tree provides the dual benefits of enhancing the computational abilities of each neuron and allowing the neuron to spike with sparse input activity.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Leptogenesis With Many Neutrinos
Creators: name: Eisele, Marc-Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider leptogenesis in scenarios with many neutrino singlets. We find that the lower bound for the reheating temperature can be significantly relaxed with respect to the hierarchical three neutrino case. We further argue that the upper bound for the neutrino mass scale from leptogenesis gets significantly lifted in these scenarios. As a specific realization, we then discuss an extra-dimensional model, where the large number of neutrinos is provided by Kaluza-Klein excitations.
description: matches published version, 38 pages, 10 figures
Electron inventory of the iron-sulfur scaffold complex HypCD essential in [NiFe]-hydrogenase cofactor assembly
Creators: name: Stripp, Sven T.
name: Oltmanns, Jonathan
name: Müller, Christina S
name: Ehrenberg, David
name: Schlesinger, Ramona
name: Heberle, Joachim
name: Adrian, Lorenz
name: Schünemann, Volker
name: Pierik, Antonio J.
name: Soboh, Basem
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: biosynthesis
subject: carbon monoxide
subject: cyanide
subject: Fe-S proteins
subject: maturation
subject: redox activity
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The [4Fe-4S] cluster containing scaffold complex HypCD is the central construction site for the assembly of the [Fe](CN)2CO cofactor precursor of [NiFe]-hydrogenase. While the importance of the HypCD complex is well established, not much is known about the mechanism by which the CN− and CO ligands are transferred and attached to the iron ion. We report an efficient expression and purification system producing the HypCD complex from E. coli with complete metal content. This enabled in-depth spectroscopic characterizations. The results obtained by EPR and Mössbauer spectroscopy demonstrate that the [Fe](CN)2CO cofactor and the [4Fe-4S] cluster of the HypCD complex are redox active. The data indicate a potential-dependent interconversion of the [Fe]2+/3+ and [4Fe-4S]2+/+ couple, respectively. Moreover, ATR FTIR spectroscopy reveals potential-dependent disulfide formation, which hints at an electron confurcation step between the metal centers. MicroScale thermophoresis indicates preferable binding between the HypCD complex and its in vivo interaction partner HypE under reducing conditions. Together, these results provide comprehensive evidence for an electron inventory fit to drive multi-electron redox reactions required for the assembly of the CN− and CO ligands on the scaffold complex HypCD.
Aquatic ecology and biodiversity around Khao Pra Wiharn National Park, Thailand
Creators: name: Suchart Nawagawong, Nukul Sangpun
Publisher: name: คณะสิ่งแวดล้อมและทรัพยากรศาสตร์
Year: 2011
Subjects: Pra Wiharn Temple, Management Zone, Aquatic Ecosystem, Phyto Plankton, Zoo Plankton

description: 3, 9, Environment and Natural Resources Journal
Q-dependence of the spin fluctuations in the intermediate valence compound CePd3
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Anderson impurity model
Anderson lattice model
intermediate valence
Kondo model
inelastic neutron scattering

description: We report inelastic neutron scattering experiments on a single crystal of the intermediate valence compound CePd3. At 300 K the magnetic scattering is quasielastic, with half-width Γ=23 meV, and is independent of momentum transfer Q. At low temperature, the Q-averaged magnetic spectrum is inelastic, exhibiting a broad peak centered near Emax=55 meV. These results, together with the temperature dependence of the susceptibility, 4f occupation number, and specific heat, can be fit by the Kondo/Anderson impurity model. The low temperature scattering near Emax, however, shows significant variations with Q, reflecting the coherence of the 4f lattice. The intensity is maximal at (1/2, 1/2, 0), intermediate at (1/2, 0, 0) and (0, 0,0), and weak at (1/2, 1/2, 1/2). We discuss this Q-dependence in terms of current ideas about coherence in heavy fermion systems. © 2014 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Selected Topics in Numerical Methods for Cosmology
Creators: name: Vitenti, Sandro Dias Pinto
name: Penna-Lima, Mariana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large amount of cosmological data already available (and in the near future) makes necessary the development of efficient numerical codes. Many software products have been implemented to perform cosmological analyses considering one or few probes. The need of multi-task software is rapidly increasing, in order to combine numerous cosmological probes along with their specificity (e.g., astrophysical descriptions and systematic errors). In this work we mention some of these libraries, bringing out some challenges they will face in the few-percent error era (on the cosmological parameters). We review some concepts of the standard cosmological model, and examine some specific topics on their implementation, bringing, for example, the discussion on how some quantities are numerically defined in different codes. We also consider implementation differences between public codes, mentioning their advantages/disadvantages.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures. Contribution to the 3rd Jos\'e Pl\'inio Baptista School on Cosmology held in 2016 in Pedra Azul, Esp\'irito Santo, Brazil. Submitted to Universe
เอ็กซ์แซค: เครื่องมือการบีบอัดและการค้นคืนเอกสารเอ็กซ์เอ็มแอล
Creators: name: สิรินธร  จียาศักดิ์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยกรุงเทพ
Year: 2013
Subjects: เอ็กซ์เอ็มแอล,การบีบอัด, การค้นคืน, การคลายเอกสารเพียงบางส่วน

description: 1, 7, วารสารวิชาการและวิจัย มทร.พระนคร
D-brane Deconstructions in IIB Orientifolds
Creators: name: Collinucci, Andres
name: Denef, Frederik
name: Esole, Mboyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With model building applications in mind, we collect and develop basic techniques to analyze the landscape of D7-branes in type IIB compact Calabi-Yau orientifolds, in three different pictures: F-theory, the D7 worldvolume theory and D9-anti-D9 tachyon condensation. A significant complication is that consistent D7-branes in the presence of O7^- planes are generically singular, with singularities locally modeled by the Whitney Umbrella. This invalidates the standard formulae for charges, moduli space and flux lattice dimensions. We infer the correct formulae by comparison to F-theory and derive them independently and more generally from the tachyon picture, and relate these numbers to the closed string massless spectrum of the orientifold compactification in an interesting way. We furthermore give concrete recipes to explicitly and systematically construct nontrivial D-brane worldvolume flux vacua in arbitrary Calabi-Yau orientifolds, illustrate how to read off D-brane flux content, enhanced gauge groups and charged matter spectra from tachyon matrices, and demonstrate how brane recombination in general leads to flux creation, as required by charge conservation and by equivalence of geometric and gauge theory moduli spaces.
description: 49 pages, v2: two references added