Sciophila Meigen
Creators: name: Amorim, Dalton De Souza
name: Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Mycetophilidae
Sciophila

description: Sciophila Meigen   
 Sciophila Meigen 1818: 245. Type-species, S. hirta Meigen (Curtis 1837: pl. 641). Ref.— Chandler (2006) revision of the Neotropical species, lectotype designations.   
 LASIOSOMA Winnertz 1863: 748. Type-species, Sciophila pilosa Meigen (Coquillett 1910: 558) = Sciophila hirta Meigen.   
 S. antarctica Walker 1837: 334. Type-locality: Staits of Magellan, Port Famine. Ref.— Freeman 1951: 56, figs. 112 (♂ terminalia), 284 (wing); Chandler 2006: 20–21, comments on the type. Holotype ♂, NHM.   
(Figure 46)  
 Notes. Walker (1837) does not indicate the number of specimens in the original type series. The NHM holds a single male in considerably good condition, which is assumed to be the holotype. The distal part of the abdomen has been removed and mounted with the terminalia. Chandler (2006: 20) comments that the genitalia of the holotype is damaged, but (p. 21) “it is a typical Sciophila species in external characters, but no further conclusions could be drawn on the anomalous genital structure(...)”. The labels of the holotype are: “b3 / 43” [handwritten on a small, rounded label without printed borders] // “Type” [printed on a round label with dark green border”] // “ Sciophila / antarctica Wlk ” [handwritten] // [the male terminalia dissected and mounted on an acetate sheet] // [wing mounted on a separate acetate sheet] // “HOLO- / TYPE” [printed in black over a rounded label with red border] // “S. America. [pr] Straits of Magallan / Port Famine [hw] / P.P. King. / B.M. 1863-43” [pr] // “P F [handwritten on a piece of white paper]” // “BMNH(E) # 258043.”   
 S. ciliata Edwards 1940a: 456. Type-locality: Brazil, Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia. Ref.— Chandler 2006: 22, figs. 1–3 (male terminalia), redescription, lectotype designation. Lectotype ♂, NHM   
(Figure 47)  
 Notes. The type series included sixteen male and nine female syntypes, of which eight male, four female syntypes, and one syntype with the abdomen missing (BMNH (E) # 258010-22) are at the NHM. A male paralectotype has the following labels: “ Brasilien / Nova Teutonia / 27º 11’ S 52º 23’ W / Fritz Plaumann / 16.7.1938.” // “Brit Mus / 1938-682” // “SYN- / TYPE” [printed in black on a rounded label with light blue border]” // “ SYNTYPE [pr] / Sciophila / ciliata [hw] Edwards / det. J.E. Chainey, 1996 [pr]” // “BMNH(E) # / 258012”. There are four males with the terminalia dissected and mounted, and one of them (BMNH (E) # 258015) has Edwards’ original handwritten label.   
 S. cincticornis Edwards 1940a: 458. Type-locality: Brazil, Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia. Ref.— Chandler 2006: 22, figs. 4–5 (male terminalia), 13 (wing), redescription, lectotype designation. Lectotype ♂, NHM.   
(Figure 48)  
 Notes. The type series included six male and six female syntypes, of which the male lectotype, three male and three female paralectotypes are at the NHM. The lectotype (without a NHM specimen number label) has the following labels: “ Brasilien / Nova Teutonia / 27º 11’ S 52º 23’ W / Fritz Plaumann / 27.7.1938.” // “Brit Mus / 1938-682” // “SYN- / TYPE” [printed in black on a rounded label with light blue border]” // “Type” [printed in black on a rounded label with red border]” // “ Sciophila / cincticornis [hw] / F.W. Edwards 193[pr]9[hw]” // “ SYNTYPE [pr] / Sciophila / cincticornis [hw] / det. J.E. Chainey, 1996 [pr]” // [male terminalia dissected, mounted on an acetate sheet] // [wing mounted between two round microslides attached to a card, with “cincticornis” handwritten]” and one additional label “Type” and “ Lectotype / Sciophila / cincticornis / det. P.J. Chandler ”. Paralectotypes are numbered BMNH(E) # 258037-42.   
 S. fidelis Edwards 1940a: 457. Type-locality: Brazil, Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia. Ref.— Chandler 2006: 23, figs 6–8 (male terminalia), redescription. Holotype ♂, NHM.   
(Figure 49)  
 Notes. The type series included the male holotype and a male and two female paratypes, all of which are at the NHM. The labels of the holotype are: “ Brasilien / Nova Teutonia / 27º 11’ S 52º 23’ W / Fritz Plaumann / 1.8.1938.” // “Brit Mus / 1938-682” // “Type” [printed in black on a rounded label with red border]” // “HOLO- / TYPE” [printed in black on a rounded label with red border]” // “BMNH(E) # / 258023” // “ Sciophila / fidelis [hw] / F.W. Edwards 193[pr]9[hw]” // “ HOLOTYPE [pr] / Sciophila / fidelis [hw] / det. J.E. Chainey, 1996 [pr]” // [male terminalia dissected, mounted between rounded microslides attached to a card, with “fidelis” handwritten]”. The holotype has only one of its wings and the abdomen has been entirely removed from the specimen. The female paratypes (BMNH (E) # 258024/6), however, are conspicuously larger and darker than the holotype and may not be conspecific. The male paratype is numbered BMNH(E) # 258025.   
 S. fractinervis Edwards 1940a: 457. Type-locality: Brazil, Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia. Ref.— Chandler 2006: 24, figs 9–10 (male terminalia), redescription, lectotype designation. Lectotype ♂, NHM.   
(Figure 50)  
 Notes. The type series included ten males and six females syntypes, of which the lectotype, four male and four female paralectotypes are at the NHM (BMNH (E) # 258027-35). A lectotype label has been added by P.J. Chandler to one of the males. The male lectotype has the following labels: “ Brasilien / Nova Teutonia / 27º 11’ S 52º 23’ W / Fritz Plaumann / 27.5.1937.” // “Brit Mus / 1937-656” “SYN- / TYPE” [printed in black on a rounded label with light blue border]” // “ SYNTYPE [pr] / Sciophila / fractinervis [hw] / det. J.E. Chainey, 1996 [pr]” // “BMNH(E) # / 258029” // [male terminalia dissected, mounted on a pinned plastic stripe]”.   
 S. ocreata Philippi 1865: 625. Type-locality: Chile, Santiago. Ref.— Chandler 2006: 25, figs 11–12 (male terminalia), 14 (wing), redescription. Type lost.   
(Figure 51)  
 Notes. As commented above, Philippi’s types are now lost. There are specimens from Chile identified as Sciophila ocreata in the NHM collection. None are from the type-locality— Los Andes and Marga-Marga. Chandler (2006) redescribed the species based on NHM material from Los Andes and Juan Fernandez, and also from New Zealand. There are no designated neotypes.
description: Published as part of Amorim, Dalton De Souza & Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira, 2013, Types of Neotropical Mycetophilidae (Diptera) at the Natural History Museum collection, London, pp. 1-119 in Zootaxa 3726 (1) on pages 20-22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3726.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5267220