cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Hannah Arendt’s Precondition for Atrocity: A Philosophical Examination of the Final Solution in a Modern World
Creators: name: Hamilton, Eboni
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Hannah Arendt
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Holocaust
subject: Atrocity
subject: Dehumanization

description: This thesis describes Hannah Arendt’s endeavor to address how the Holocaust could take place in a modern world. In her book, The Human Condition, Arendt describes how the modern break down of the public and private realms, the uniformity of men and lack of plurality have led to a society indulged in consumption. As a result, human beings have failed to display their personal stories to the world around them and have conformed to prevailing singular ideology in sheer ‘thoughtlessness.’ It is this type of society which has provided the basis for the Holocaust and similar atrocity in contemporary times.
Coronal hard X-ray sources revisited
Creators: name: Dennis, Brian R.
name: Duval-Poo, Miguel A.
name: Piana, Michele
name: Inglis, Andrew R.
name: Emslie, A. Gordon
name: Guo, Jingnan
name: Xu, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports on the re-analysis of solar flares in which the hard X-rays (HXRs) come predominantly from the corona rather than from the more usual chromospheric footpoints. All of the 26 previously analyzed event time intervals, over 13 flares, are re-examined for consistency with a flare model in which electrons are accelerated near the top of a magnetic loop that has a sufficiently high density to stop most of the electrons by Coulomb collisions before they can reach the footpoints. Of particular importance in the previous analysis was the finding that the length of the coronal HXR source increased with energy in the 20 - 30 keV range. However, after allowing for the possibility that footpoint emission at the higher energies affects the inferred length of the coronal HXR source, and using analysis techniques that suppress the possible influence of such footpoint emission, we conclude that there is no longer evidence that the length of the HXR coronal sources increase with increasing energy. In fact, for the 6 flares and 12 time intervals that satisfied our selection criteria, the loop lengths decreased on average by 1.0 +/- 0.2 arcsec between 20 and 30 keV, with a standard deviation of 3.5 arcsec. We find strong evidence that the peak of the coronal HXR source increases in altitude with increasing energy. For the thermal component of the emission, this is consistent with the standard CHSKP flare model in which magnetic reconnection in a coronal current sheet results in new hot loops being formed at progressively higher altitudes. The explanation for the nonthermal emission is not so clear.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 24 pages, 8 figures
Enrique's Journey: Humanitarian Crisis and Undocumented Illegal Migrants
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Rhituparna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: illegal undocumented migration
subject: border enforcement
subject: UNHCR directives and charters
subject: US Mexico border
subject: https://www.uni-potsdam.de/iaa.html

description: It can be seen from the works of Sonia Nazario, Rachel Bien, and Jacqueline Bhabha, that the only approach that can permanently slow the flow of migrants is not greater border enforcement, but to build sustainable economic solutions for the native countries of the refugees, by re-looking and re-structuring various foreign policies and legalities. A thorough revamping of the legal aspects, along with policies/procedures/and legislative proceedings are needed, along with child centralism in accordance with the UNHCR directives and
 charters.
Effective Theories for Exclusive and Seminclusive Processes and Factorization
Creators: name: Aglietti, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective theories for massless quarks describing exclusive and seminclusive processes are discussed, considering in particular the factorization problem.
description: LaTex file, 4 pages, no figures; talk given at the QCD 98 Euroconference 2-8th July 1998 Montpellier (France) to be published in Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.)
title: ADCO, Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503) (11 H 1173), f. 00518
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: comptes
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1173). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1173), f. 00518, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Singularity in Potential, Perturbation and Variational Methods
Creators: name: Ding, Yi-Bing
name: Li, Xue-Qian
name: Shen, Peng-Nian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we carefully study the energy eigen-values and splitting of heavy quarkonia as there exist $1/r^3$ and $δ^3(\vec r)$ singular terms in the potential which make a direct numerical solution of the Schrödinger equation impossible. We compare the results obtained in terms of perturbation and variational methods with various treatments.
description: 14 pages, Latex
title: Orbit manipulation and capture of binary asteroids
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaoyu
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Orbit manipulation, binary asteroids.

description: In general, asteroids are of great significance for the future. This point has been reflected in several different fields, including scientific research, long-term economic development and the long-term global safety. Driven by these issues, the exploration and exploitation of asteroids has drawn significant attention and led to a series of space missions. Moreover, among the entire asteroid population, binary-asteroid systems represent a significant subset, which can be potential candidates for future missions. The purpose of this thesis is to develop the methodologies necessary for future binaryasteroid exploration and utilisation consists of two main objectives: the orbit manipulation of a binary-asteroid pair and capture mechanics for a binary system. In this thesis, a study of the low-thrust orbit manipulation of a binary-asteroid pair is presented, under the influence of the Sun’s third-body perturbation. The Sun-binary hierarchical three-body system is represented as two interacting perturbed Keplerian motions: inner motion within the binary and outer motion around the Sun. Moreover, the third-body perturbations are simplified by the quadrupole approximation, and a first-order analytical approach is derived to evaluate the secular variation of the orbital elements for the system. Based on the analytical solution provided, open-loop control laws are then designed to obtain a desired change in the binary orbital elements. In addition, this thesis also investigates the feasibility of capturing one member of a binary asteroid pair through disruption of the binary asteroid during the flyby of a central body, e.g. the Earth. For simplification, the process is approximated by the planar parabolic restricted three-body problem (PPRTBP) and a set of related regularised equations of motion are derived. Based on the PPRTBP, a linear analysis is also conducted for motion in the vicinity of the main asteroid, which provides insights for the inner motion of the binary system. Moreover, initial condition maps for the evolution of the binary-asteroid pair determine the capture region in the initial configuration space. Two strategies have then been proposed to investigate the possibility of engineering the capture process. One is a re-phasing manoeuvre before encounter to engineer the initial condition maps, the other is an optimal single-impulse transfer during encounter, both of which have been verified by related numerical simulations.
title: Stifling the Market Process with Land Use Regulation:An Analysis of Modern Trends in Land Use Regulation Applied to Redevelopment in Tysons Corner, VA
Creators: name: Washington, Emily
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Urban Development
subject: Zoning
subject: Tysons Corner (VA)
subject: Public Choice
subject: Land Use

description: This thesis analyzes the problems inherent in centralized land use planning. While planning officials can develop objectives for future land use in a given area, they lack the knowledge, and the capability to acquire the knowledge , to efficiently designate appropriate land uses that maximize scarce resources. Because they cannot attain the knowledge of the “right” plan, those in charge of development regulation turn to the political process to shape regulation. As a result, land use regulation systematically benefits vested interests at the expense of communities’ welfare. I propose that lifting land use restrictions and permitting self-governance within communities may offer potential for improved outcomes.
title: The Land
Creators: name: Hiebert, Mark H. W.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1998

description: There is a propelling space, a locus obscured and inexplicable, and it is not the Libido—it's beyond the body. Termed as the sacred, but also termed as the Real, the Absolute, or the un-Ground, this space ushers writing by way of its reading, and this space already consumes us. The Land works at mapping approaches to this inexplicable, extranatural, religious space.
The Multi-Modal Evaluation of Sensory Sensitivity (MESSY): assessing a commonly missed symptom of acquired brain injury
Creators: name: Thielen, Hella
name: Wajer, Irene M.C. Huenges
name: Tuts, Nora
name: Welkenhuyzen, Lies
name: Lafosse, Cristophe
name: Gillebert, Celine R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Objective: Sensory hypersensitivity is common after acquired brain injury. Since appropriate diagnostic tools are lacking, these complaints are overlooked by clinicians and available literature is limited to light and noise hypersensitivity after concussion. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sensory hypersensitivity in other modalities and after other types of brain injury. Method: We developed the Multi-Modal Evaluation of Sensory Sensitivity (MESSY), a patient-friendly questionnaire that assesses sensory sensitivity across multiple sensory modalities. 818 neurotypical adults (mean age = 49; 244 male) and 341 chronic acquired brain injury patients (including stroke, traumatic brain injury, and brain tumour patients) (mean age = 56; 126 male) completed the MESSY online. Results: The MESSY had a high validity and reliability in neurotypical adults. Post-injury sensory hypersensitivity (examined using open-ended questions) was reported by 76% of the stroke patients, 89% of the traumatic brain injury patients, and 82% of the brain tumour patients. These complaints occurred across all modalities with multisensory, visual, and auditory hypersensitivity being the most prevalent. Patients with post-injury sensory hypersensitivity reported a higher sensory sensitivity severity on the multiple-choice items of the MESSY as compared to neurotypical adults and acquired brain injury patients without post-injury sensory hypersensitivity (across all sensory modalities) (effect sizes (partial eta squared) ranged from .06 to .22). Conclusions: These results show that sensory hypersensitivity is prevalent after different types of acquired brain injury as well as across several sensory modalities. The MESSY can improve recognition of these symptoms and facilitate further research.
The Structure of the Stoichiometric and Reduced SnO2 (110) Surface
Creators: name: Manassidis, I.
name: Goniakowski, J.
name: Kantorovich, L. N.
name: Gillan, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) and the pseudopotential method have been used to study the stoichiometric and reduced SnO2 (110) surface. The ionic relaxations are found to be moderate for both the stoichiometric and reduced surfaces, and are very similar to those found in recent DFT-pseudopotential work on TiO2. Removal of neutral oxygen leaves two electrons per oxygen on the surface, which are distributed in channels passing through bridging oxygen sites. The associated electron density can be attributed to reduction of tin from Sn4+ to Sn2+, but only if the charge distribution on Sn2+ is recognized to be highly asymmetric. Reduction of the surface gives rise to a broad distribution of gap states, in qualitative agreement with spectroscopic measurements.
description: 5 figures, accepted in Surface Science, corresponding author: M. J. Gillan, e-mail: pha71@keele.ac.uk
The Behaviour of Betting and Currency Markets on the Night of the EU Referendum
Creators: name: Auld, T.
name: Linton, O.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2017
Subjects: EU Referendum
Prediction Markets
Machine Learning
Efficient Markets Hypothesis
Pairs Trading
Cointegration
Bayesian Methods
Exchange Rates

description: We study the behaviour of the Betfair betting market and the sterling/dollar exchange rate (futures price) during 24 June 2016, the night of the EU referendum. We investigate how the two markets responded to the announcement of the voting results. We employ a Bayesian updating methodology to update prior opinion about the likelihood of the final outcome of the vote. We then relate the voting model to the real time evolution of the market determined prices. We find that although both markets appear to be inefficient in absorbing the new information contained in vote outcomes, the betting market is apparently less inefficient than the FX market. The different rates of convergence to fundamental value between the two markets leads to highly profitable arbitrage opportunities.
SU(N) gauge theories for all N
Creators: name: Teper, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that SU(N) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions are close to N=\infty for N \geq 2. The dimensionful coupling, g^2, is proportional to 1/N, at large N, confirming the usual diagram-based expectation. Preliminary calculations in 3+1 dimensions indicate that the same is true there.
description: LaTeX.
Can CPT Symmetry Be Tested With K^0 vs \bar{K}^0--> π^+π^-π^0 Decays?
Creators: name: Xing, Zhi-zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the CP-violating effect in K^0 vs \bar K^0-->π^+π^-π^0 decays differs from that in K_{\rm L}-->π^+π^-, K_{\rm L}-->π^0π^0 or the semileptonic K_{\rm L} transitions, if there exists CPT violation in K^0-\bar{K}^0 mixing. A delicate measurement of this difference in the KTeV experiment and at the ϕfactory will provide a new test of CPT symmetry in the neutral kaon system.
description: RevTex 6 pages. Phys. Rev. D (in printing)
The Frequency Response Function of the Creep Compliance
Creators: name: Makris, Nicos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated from the need to convert time-dependent rheometry data into complex frequency response functions, this paper studies the frequency response function of the creep compliance that is coined the complex creep function. While for any physically realizable viscoelastic model the Fourier transform of the creep compliance diverges in the classical sense, the paper shows that the complex creep function, in spite of exhibiting strong singularities, it can be constructed with the calculus of generalized functions. The mathematical expressions of the real and imaginary parts of the Fourier transform of the creep compliance of simple rheological networks derived in this paper are shown to be Hilbert pairs; therefore, returning back in the time domain a causal creep compliance. The paper proceeds by showing how a measured creep compliance of a solid-like or a fluid-like viscoelastic material can be decomposed into elementary functions with parameters that can be identified from best fit of experimental data. The proposed technique allows for a direct determination of the parameters of the corresponding viscoelastic models and leads to dependable expressions of their complex-frequency response functions.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
Coherent Magnetotransport Through an Artificial Molecule
Creators: name: Stafford, C. A.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conductance in an extended multiband Hubbard model describing linear arrays of up to ten quantum dots is calculated via a Lanczos technique. A pronounced suppression of certain resonant conductance peaks in an applied magnetic field due to a density-dependent spin-polarization transition is predicted to be a clear signature of a coherent ``molecular'' wavefunction in the array. A many-body enhancement of localization is predicted to give rise to a {\em giant magnetoconductance} effect in systems with magnetic scattering.
description: 4 pages, REVTEX 3.0, 5 figures included as postscript files
title: “Lately, we have disagreed”: Independent Churches in Natal and on the Rand, 1910-1930
Creators: name: Nelson, Jennifer
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: South Africa
subject: Natal
subject: Christianity
subject: Independent churches

description: This paper seeks to expand on existing scholarship to elaborate some stories of the independent church movement in early twentieth-century Natal and on the Witwatersrand, when numerous African churches broke away from white mission churches or were spontaneously created without mission sponsorship. Through an examination of the nineteenth and twentieth-century roots of the conflicts between congregations and the missions, with particular focus on the American Zulu Mission in Natal and its conflict with the African Congregational Church, the independent church movement can be placed within the context of the larger African struggle of the time period – a struggle for political rights and representation, economic advancement, and social and cultural identification. The independent church movement represented all of these desires, as well as the desire for spiritual connection that resonated within the local context. The independent churches that grew out of this struggle were not simply a negative reaction to government and mission regulation but were in fact highly creative, invoking Christianity in ways that resonated in the church community while organizing the congregation to address contemporary problems – dislocation, impoverishment, and the institutionalization of segregation.
Precision Electroweak Measurements and ``New Physics''
Creators: name: Marciano, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The status of several precisely measured electroweak parameters is reviewed. Natural relations among them are shown to constrain the Higgs mass, m_H, as well as various ``New Physics'' effects. Indications of an anomalous Zb anti-b coupling are discussed. Constraints on excited W^* bosons are given.
description: 19 pages, latex
The Social Dynamics of Collective Action: Evidence from the Captain Swing Riots, 1830-31
Creators: name: Aidt, T. S.
name: Leon, G.
name: Satchell, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2017
Subjects: Riots
diffusion
conflict
contagion
Captain Swing

description: Social unrest often erupts suddenly and diffuses quickly. What drives people to overcome their collective action problem and join a riot or protest, turning what is initially a small event into a widespread movement? We address this question by examining the Swing riots of 1830-31. The communication constraints of the time induced spatio-temporal variation in exposure to news about the uprising, allowing us to estimate the role of contagion in the spread of the riots. We find that local (rather than national) sources of information were central in driving contagion, and that this contagion magnified the impact that social and economic fundamentals had on riots by a factor of 2.65. Our historical data allow us to overcome a number of econometric challenges, but the Swing riots are of independent interest as well: they contributed to the passage of the Great Reform Act, a key step in Britain's institutional development.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0270r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0270r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0270r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Modelling textile structures using bicontinuous surfaces
Creators: name: Knittel, Chelsea E.
name: Tanis, Michael
name: Stoltzfus, Amy L.
name: Castle, Toen
name: Kamien, Randall D.
name: Dion, Genevieve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for modelling textile structures, such as weft knits, on families of bicontinuous surfaces. By developing a tangible interpretation of mathematical theory, we combine perspectives of art, design, engineering, and science to understand how the architecture of the knit relates to its physical and mathematical properties. While modelling and design tools have become ubiquitous in many industries, there is still a significant lack of predictive advanced manufacturing techniques available for the design and manufacture of textiles. We describe a mathematical structure as a system for dynamic modelling of textiles in the form of a physical prototype which may be used to inform and predict relevant textile parameters prior to fabrication. This includes dimensional changes due to yarn relaxation, which would streamline production of knit textiles for industry, makers and textile artists.
FPGA based demodulation of laser induced fluorescence in plasmas
Creators: name: Mattingly, Sean
name: Skiff, Fred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based system that counts photons from laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) on a laboratory plasma. This is accomplished with FPGA-based up/down counters that demodulate the data, giving a background-subtracted LIF signal stream that is updated with a new point as each laser amplitude modulation cycle completes. We demonstrate using the FPGA to modulate a laser at 1 MHz and demodulate the resulting LIF data stream. This data stream is used to calculate an LIF-based measurement sampled at 1 MHz of a plasma ion fluctuation spectrum.
description: Published in Review of Scientific Instruments. Final submitted version
Monte Carlo Study of Pure-Phase Cumulants of 2D q-State Potts Models
Creators: name: Janke, Wolfhard
name: Kappler, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed Monte Carlo simulations of the two-dimensional q-state Potts model with q=10, 15, and 20 to study the energy and magnetization cumulants in the ordered and disordered phase at the first-order transition point $β_t$. By using very large systems of size 300 x 300, 120 x 120, and 80 x 80 for q=10, 15, and 20, respectively, our numerical estimates provide practically (up to unavoidable, but very small statistical errors) exact results which can serve as a useful test of recent resummed large-q expansions for the energy cumulants by Bhattacharya `et al.' [J. Phys. I (France) 7 (1997) 81]. Up to the third order cumulant and down to q=10 we obtain very good agreement, and also the higher-order estimates are found to be compatible.
description: 18 pages, LaTeX + 2 postscript figures. To appear in J. Phys. I (France), May 1997 See also http://www.cond-mat.physik.uni-mainz.de/~janke/doc/home_janke.html
X-ray thermal diffuse scattering at high pressure
Creators: name: Aston, James C.
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2023
Subjects: Thermal Diffuse Scattering
Lattice dynamics
High Pressure
Single-crystal diffraction
X-ray diffraction

description: In single-crystal diffraction images, thermal diffuse scattering (TDS) produces a highly structured background, which contains a wealth of information about the lattice dynamics of the system. Synchrotron facilities with high x-ray brilliance and modern area detectors allow high-quality TDS data to be collected in less than one hour, even from samples enclosed in high-pressure diamond anvil cells. Compared to inelastic x-ray scattering, these much shorter data collection times open the way to more detailed studies of crystalline systems as a function of pressure, temperature, and/or other parameters, albeit at the cost of a much more demanding data analysis. A specific challenge in high-pressure TDS experiments is to account for the Compton-scattering and TDS background from the diamond anvils. TDS data analysis software has been developed to simulate TDS patterns and extract the full phonon dispersion relations at high pressure from experimental TDS images. The TDS method was tested with the element Ge. TDS analysis performed on data collected under ambient and high-pressure conditions yielded phonon dispersion relations with an excellent agreement with existing frequency measurements. Despite the additional challenges associated with the high-pressure data analysis, the TDS method revealed pressure-induced softening effects, which were also observed in previous studies. The full phonon dispersion relations for caesium in the bcc-Cs, fcc-Cs and Cs-IV phases were obtained from the TDS method. The lattice dynamics from this method were consistent with observations of a pressure-induced frequency plateau from a previous study that measured a single mode at high pressure. The full lattice dynamics obtained from the TDS method were used to determine the mode-Gr¨uneisen parameters, speed velocities and the phonon density of states for many pressures across the three Cs phases. Finally, lead telluride was examined at a range of temperatures and pressures. The data analysis for this system proved to be more challenging than previously encountered for the other systems in this work. The phonon dispersion relations obtained from the TDS data analysis agreed well with previous experimental studies at lower-frequency phonon branches but deviated from these studies at higher-frequency branches. A mix of temperature- and pressure-induced softening and hardening is observed for several different modes. The mode-Gruneisen parameters of several modes were determined to study the anharmonicity of the system.
The race to solve the sustainable transport problem via carbon-neutral synthetic fuels and battery electric vehicles
Creators: name: Hannula, I.
name: Reiner, D.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017
Subjects: Carbon-neutral synthetic fuels
electrofuels
advanced biofuels
battery electric vehicles
low-carbon transportation alternatives

description: Carbon-neutral synthetic fuels (CNSFs) could offer sustainable alternatives to petroleum distillates that currently dominate the transportation sector, and address the challenge of decarbonising the fuel mix. CNSFs can be divided into synthetic biofuels and 'electrofuels' produced from CO2 and water with electricity. We provide a framework for comparing CNSFs to battery electric vehicles (BEVs) as alternatives to reduce vehicle emissions. Currently, all three options are significantly more expensive than conventional vehicles using fossil fuels, and would require carbon prices in excess of $250/tCO2 or oil prices in excess of $150/bbl to become competitive. BEVs are emerging as a competitive option for short distances, but their competitiveness quickly deteriorates at higher ranges where synthetic biofuels are a lower-cost option. For electrofuels to be viable, the challenge is not simply technological learning, but access to a low-cost ultra-low-carbon electric power system, or to low-carbon electric generators with high annual availability.
Role of electron inertia and electron/ion finite Larmor radius effects in low-beta, magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor instability
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Bhuvana
name: Hakim, Ammar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor (MRT) instability has been investigated in great detail in previous work using magnetohydrodynamic and kinetic models for low-beta plasmas. The work presented here extends previous studies of this instability to regimes where finite-Larmor-Radius (FLR) effects may be important. Comparisons of the MRT instability are made using a 5-moment and a 10-moment two-fluid model, the two fluids being ions and electrons. The 5-moment model includes Hall stabilization whereas the 10-moment model includes Hall and FLR stabilization. Results are presented for these two models using different electron mass to understand the role of electron inertia in the late-time nonlinear evolution of the MRT instability. For the 5-moment model, the late-time nonlinear MRT evolution does not significantly depend on the electron inertia. However, when FLR stabilization is important, the 10-moment results show that a lower ion-to-electron mass ratio (i.e. larger electron inertia) under-predicts the energy in high-wavenumber modes due to larger FLR stabilization.
Why normal electrons with sufficiently singular interactions do not have a sharp Fermi surface
Creators: name: Kopietz, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a bosonization approach to show that the momentum distribution $n_{\bf{k}}$ of normal Fermi systems with sufficiently singular interactions is analytic in the vicinity of the non-interacting Fermi surface. These include singular density-density interactions that diverge in $d$ dimensions stronger than $ | {\bf{q}} |^{- 2 (d -1)}$ for vanishing momentum transfer ${\bf{q}}$, but also fermions that are coupled to transverse gauge fields in $ d < 3$.
description: It is shown that not only gauge fields in $d < 3$, but also sufficiently singular density-density interactions lead to analytic momentum distributions. To appear as letter to the editor in J. Phys. A: Math. Gen
Differential Colorimetry Measurements of Fluctuation Growth in Nanofilms Exposed to Large Surface Thermal Gradients
Creators: name: Fiedler, Kevin R.
name: McLeod, Euan
name: Troian, Sandra M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Slender liquid nanofilms exposed to large surface thermal gradients are known to undergo thickness fluctuations which rapidly self-organize into arrays of nanoprotrusions with a separation distance of tens of microns. We previously reported good agreement between measurements of the characteristic spacing and the wavelength of the most unstable mode predicted by a linear stability analysis based on a long wavelength thermocapillary model. Here we focus on differential colorimetry measurements to quantify early time out-of-plane growth of protrusions for peak heights spanning 20 to 200 nm. Analysis of peak heights based on shape reconstruction reveals robust exponential growth. Good quantitative agreement of the growth rates with the thermocapillary model is obtained using a single fit constant to account for material parameters of nanofilms that could not be measured directly. These findings lend further support to the conjecture that the array protrusions uncovered almost two decades ago stem from a linear instability whose growth rate is controlled by thermocapillary forces counterbalanced by capillary forces.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables
title: Implementation of a Hydrological Model Based on Full Resolution 3D LIDAR Point Clouds
Creators: name: Gallagher, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: LIDAR
subject: 3D Imaging LIDAR
subject: Hydrology
subject: 3D point clouds
subject: Modeling

description: The work presented here describes the design and implementation of a hydrological model based on high resolution 3D LIDAR data sets. The model incorporates existing hydrological concepts combined with novel computational methods to determine where water will flow and accumulate during a rainstorm event by combining soil composition information with the topographical content provided by the LIDAR data. The model was designed and tested using publically available data sets and real world storm parameters to demonstrate its functionality. The end result is a flexible model that fuses multiple data sources and concepts that is capable of producing a high level of information for further analyses.
Regulating the Electricity System Operator: Lessons for Great Britain from around the world
Creators: name: Anaya, K.
name: Pollitt, M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017
Subjects: Independent System Operator
Electricity
Regulation

description: This study explores the international experience with independent system operators (ISOs) with respect to the incentives that system operators face to operate the electricity network efficiently (from the point of view of society). We look for lessons that we can learn from this experience for the future regulation of the Great Britain (GB) System Operator (National Grid Electricity Transmission). We examine seven ISOs from the USA, where the model seems to be successful but with some cost issues within the system operator itself. We also examine system operators from Australia (AEMO), Chile (SIC/SING) and Peru (COES). Our findings are supported by a short survey that was sent directly to our contacts in the system operators from our sample of ISOs. Against a background of rising distributed renewable generation on the electricity system, we discuss the international experience of ISOs with respect to their incentives to: maximise social welfare; manage the increasing amount of renewables and new participants; manage their overall actions for customers; engage in stakeholder participation and transparency.
Searching for Narrow Graviton Resonances with the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Allanach, B. C.
name: Odagiri, K.
name: Parker, M. A.
name: Webber, B. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spectrum of massive graviton states is present in several recent theoretical models that include extra space dimensions. In some such models the graviton states are well separated in mass, and can be detected as resonances in collider experiments. The ability of the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider to identify such states and measure their properties is considered, in the case that the resonances are narrow compared to the experimental resolution. The discovery limits for the detection of the decay mode G->e+e- are derived. The angular distribution of the lepton pair is used to determine the spin of the intermediate state. In one specific model, the resonance can be detected up to a graviton resonance mass of 2080 GeV, while the angular distribution favours a spin-2 hypothesis over a spin-1 hypothesis at 90% confidence for resonance masses up to 1720 GeV.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. v2 has corrected cross-sections leading to favourable quantitative changes to results
title: Microhabitat Selection in the Eastern Worm Snake (Carphophis amoenus) and a Survey of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Huntley Meadows Park, Alexandria, Virginia
Creators: name: Jones, Kara S.
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Amphibians
subject: Reptiles
subject: Habitat selection
subject: Urbanization
subject: Population ecology

description: The eastern worm snake (Carphophis amoenus) is a fossorial species that often uses coarse woody debris (CWD) refuges when it is not beneath the ground. The purpose of this study was to determine whether CWD the worm snakes select as refugia differ from available CWD within the microhabitat. This study took place at Huntley Meadows Park, Alexandria, Virginia, and Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary, Lothian, Maryland. Snakes were found by searching CWD refuges. Microclimate, ground cover and canopy cover measurements were taken at used and available refuges. There was no significant difference between refuges selected by different sexes or by individuals undergoing ecdysis and the general population. Refuge temperatures were significantly lower than ambient air temperatures, but there was no significant difference between the microclimate characteristics of used and available refuges. Used refuges had significantly more decayed CWD and a higher proportion of CWD cover. They were also more likely to contain active ant colonies and less likely to contain earthworms. CWD refuges were within the optimal temperature range of worm snakes for significantly more days per year than underground, indicating that thermoregulation may be a driving factor guiding microhabitat selection. In addition to studying worm snakes, the amphibians and reptiles of Huntley Meadows Park were surveyed to determine their status, which was last assessed in 1989. The comprehensive survey extended across the park and included time-constrained searches of coarse woody debris, anuran calling surveys, vernal pool monitoring, visual encounter surveys and a mark-recapture study of Spotted turtles (Clemmys guttata). Spotted turtle populations were higher than expected and one new species, Green treefrogs (Hyla cinerea), had moved into the park since the previous survey. However, three species of amphibian and five species of reptile have been extirpated from the park: Northern cricket frog (Acris crepitans), Upland chorus frog (Pseudacris feriarum), Redspotted newt (Notophthalmus viridescens), Ring-neck snake (Diadophis punctatus), Ground skink (Scincella lateralis), Mole kingsnake (Lampropeltis calligaster), Northern brown snake (Storeria dekayi), and Red-bellied snake (Storeria occipitomaculata). A further two amphibian species (Fowler’s toad, Anaxyrus fowleri, and Wood frog, Lithobates sylvaticus) appear to be on the cusp of extirpation. Factors that may have contributed to the loss of species include a decrease of meadows and wetlands within the park, increased urbanization surrounding the park, the vulnerability of amphibians and reptiles to road effects, and the closing of habitat corridors between the park and other areas of suitable habitat.
Strangeness, charm and bottom in a chiral quark-meson model
Creators: name: Kopeliovich, V. B.
name: Sriram, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate an SU(3) extension of the chiral quark-meson model. The spectra of baryons with strangeness, charm and bottom are considered within a "rigid oscillator" version of this model. The similarity between the quark part of the Lagrangian in the model and the Wess-Zumino term in the Skyrme model is noted. The binding energies of baryonic systems with baryon number B=2 and 3 possessing strangeness or heavy flavor are estimated. The results obtained are in good qualitative agreement with those obtained previously in the topological soliton (Skyrme) model.
description: 12 pages, no figures. Journal ref: submitted to Nucl.Phys. B
title: The Holy Spirit
Creators: name: Farmer, Ben
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Holy Spirit
subject: Potter, Harry (Fictitious character)
subject: Ghosts
subject: Fathers
subject: Sons
subject: Immigration

description: The Holy Spirit spans a year in the life of the Potters, as tragedy and exceptional circumstances cause a skeptical family to wonder about faith and their shared future. The novel opens in San Diego in the summer of 2008 and closes in eastern Canada early in the following summer. David and Harry, a father and son, are the principal characters. David’s own father has recently been struck by a car and killed along with the family dog. The Potters move to Forest Glen, a new community built on the campus of a 19th Century finishing school in the suburbs of Washington DC. The Potters—Sarah 46, David 45, Harry 21, Vicky 20, and Kevin 17—are among the initial wave of occupants, and move into a Dutch windmill, where they spend the year suffering from power outages as construction and unusual weather rages around them. The new neighborhood’s boundaries are Rock Creek Park on the south and west, and 495 on the north and east. To reach the neighborhood one has to pass either Walter Reed to the southeast, or the LDS temple grounds to the northwest. Forest Glen is the principal setting of the novel. Harry deals poorly with the loss of his grandfather and the move from his childhood home, and is asked to leave his college halfway through his junior year, shortly after he has met and fallen in love with Maya. David is plagued by an encounter with illegal immigrants on San Diego beaches, ghost sightings, unusual visitors, and his eldest son’s temporal problems. Together they write several choose-your-own-adventure scripts that will be shown in the Tivoli Theater, in which David has sizably invested. Harry accidentally impregnates Maya, back from her spring break in Spain, and she determines to raise the child, but not with him. The novel ends with Harry resolving to pursue Maya and return to college.
Four-Dimensional N=1 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory on the Lattice without Fine-Tuning
Creators: name: Nishimura, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to formulate four-dimensional N=1 super Yang-Mills theory on the lattice without fine-tuning. We first show that four-dimensional Weyl fermion in a real representation, which is equivalent to Majorana fermion, can be formulated using the domain wall approach with an addition of a Majorana mass term only for the unwanted mirror fermion. This formalism has manifest gauge invariance. Fermion number conservation is violated only by the additional Majorana mass term for the mirror fermion and the violation is propagated to the physical fermion sector through anomalous currents. Due to this feature, the formalism, when applied to the gluino in the present case, ensures the restoration of supersymmetry in the continuum limit without fine-tuning, unlike the proposal by Curci and Veneziano.
description: 7 pages, TeX, no figure, final version accepted by Physics Letters B.; explanation for exact chiral symmetry in L_5->\infty limit added
Cosmic antiprotons as a probe for supersymmetric dark matter?
Creators: name: Bergstrom, L.
name: Edsjo, J.
name: Ullio, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flux of cosmic ray antiprotons from neutralino annihilations in the galactic halo is computed for a large sample of models in the MSSM (the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model). We also revisit the problem of estimating the background of low-energy cosmic ray induced secondary antiprotons, taking into account their subsequent interactions (and energy loss) and the presence of nuclei in the interstellar matter. We consider a two-zone diffusion model, with and without a galactic wind. We find that, given the uncertainties in the background predictions, there is no need for a primary (exotic) component to explain present data. However, allowing for a signal by playing with the uncertainties in the background estimate, we discuss the characteristic features of the supersymmetric models which give a satisfactory description of the data. We point out that in some cases the optimal kinetic energy to search for a signal from supersymmetric dark matter is above several GeV, rather than the traditional sub-GeV region. The large astrophysical uncertainties involved do not, one the other hand, allow the exclusion of any of the MSSM models we consider, on the basis of data. We present besides numerical results also convenient parameterizations of the antiproton yields of all `basic' two-body final states. We also give examples of the yield and differential energy spectrum for a set of supersymmetric models with high rates. We also remark that it is difficult to put a limit on the antiproton lifetime from present measurements, since the injection of antiprotons from neutralino annihilation can compensate the loss from decay.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, uses emulateapj.sty