cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Strong gravitational lensing as a tool to investigate the structure of jets at high energies
Creators: name: Barnacka, Anna
name: Geller, Margaret J.
name: Dell'antonio, Ian P.
name: Benbow, Wystan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The components of blazar jets that emit radiation span a factor of $10^{10}$ in scale. The spatial structure of these emitting regions depends on the observed energy. Photons emitted at different sites cross the lens plane at different distances from the mass-weighted center of the lens. Thus there are differences in magnification ratios and time delays between the images of lensed blazars observed at different energies. When the lens structure and redshift are known from optical observations, these constraints can elucidate the structure of the source at high energies. At these energies, current technology is inadequate to resolve these sources and the observed light curve is thus the sum of the images. Durations of $γ$-ray flares are short compared with typical time delays; thus both the magnification ratio and the time delay can be measured for the delayed counterparts. These measurements are a basis for localizing the emitting region along the jet. To demonstrate the power of strong gravitational lensing, we build a toy model based on the best studied and the nearest relativistic jet M87.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
A Novel Mechanism for $J/ψ$ Disintegration in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Atreya, Abhishek
name: Bagchi, Partha
name: Srivastava, Ajit M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss the possibility of $J/ψ$ disintegration due the $Z(3)$ domain walls that are expected to form in QGP medium. These domain walls give rise to localised color electric field which disintegrates $J/ψ$, on interaction, by changing the color composition and simultaneously exciting it to higher states of $c\bar{c}$ system.
description: Revised version. 7 pages, 3 figures
The Gravito-Electromagnetic Approximation to the Gravimagnetic Dipole and its Velocity Rotation Curve
Creators: name: Govaerts, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In view of the observed flat rotation curves of spiral galaxies and motivated by the simple fact that within newtonian gravity a stationary axisymmetric mass distribution or dark matter vortex of finite extent readily displays a somewhat flattened out velocity rotation curve up to distances comparable to the extent of such a vortex transverse to the galaxy's disk, the possibility that such a flattening out of rotation curves may rather be a manifestation of some stationary axisymmetric space-time curvature of purely gravitational character, without the need of some dark matter particles, is considered in the case of the gravimagnetic dipole carrying opposite NUT charges and in the tensionless limit of its Misner string, as an exact vacuum solution to Einstein's equations. Aiming for a first assessment of the potential of such a suggestion easier than a full fledged study of its geodesics, the situation is analysed within the limits of weak field gravito-electromagnetism and nonrelativistic dynamics. Thereby leading indeed to interesting and encouraging results.
description: 1+25 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Inhibiting the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier does not ameliorate synucleinopathy in the absence of inflammation or metabolic deficits
Creators: name: Peelaerts, Wouter
name: Bergkvist, Liza
name: George, Sonia
name: Johnson, Michaela
name: Meyerdirk, Lindsay
name: Schulz, Emily
name: Steiner, Jennifer A.
name: Madaj, Zachary
name: Ma, Jiyan
name: Becker, Katelyn
name: Nilsson, K. Peter R.
name: Colca, Jerry R.
name: Brundin, Patrik
Publisher: name: Free Neuropathology
Year: 2020

description: Epidemiological studies suggest a link between type-2 diabetes and Parkinson’s disease (PD) risk. Treatment of type-2 diabetes with insulin sensitizing drugs lowers the risk of PD. We previously showed that the insulin sensitizing drug, MSDC-0160, ameliorates pathogenesis in some animal models of PD. MSDC-0160 reversibly binds the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) protein complex, which has an anti-inflammatory effect and restores metabolic deficits. Since PD is characterized by the deposition of α-synuclein (αSyn), we hypothesized that inhibiting the MPC might directly inhibit αSyn aggregation in vivo in mammals. To answer if modulation of MPC can reduce the development of αSyn assemblies, and reduce neurodegeneration, we treated two chronic and progressive mouse models; a viral vector-based αSyn overexpressing model and a pre-formed fibril (PFF) αSyn seeding model with MSDC-0160. These two models present distinct types of αSyn pathology but lack inflammatory or autophagy deficits. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found that a modulation of MPC in these models did not reduce the accumulation of αSyn aggregates or mitigate neurotoxicity. Instead, MSDC-0160 changed the post-translational modification and aggregation features of αSyn. These results are consistent with the lack of a direct effect of MPC modulation on synuclein clearance in these models.
description: Free Neuropathology, Bd. 1 (2020)
Cosmological meaning of the gravitational gauge group
Creators: name: Lu, Jia-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that among the R+beta S^{abc}S_{abc} models, only the one with beta=1/2 has nonvanishing torsion effect in the Robertson--Walker universe filled with a spin fluid, where S_{abc} denotes torsion. Moreover, the torsion effect in that model is found to be able to replace the big-bang singularity by a big bounce. Furthermore, we find that the model can be obtained under a Kaluza--Klein-like ansatz, by assuming that the gravitational gauge group is the de Sitter group.
description: 9 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1402.3650
CCR7 Is Important for Mesangial Cell Physiology and Repair
Creators: name: Wurm, Simone
name: Steege, Andreas
name: Rom-Jurek, Eva-Maria
name: van Roeyen, C. R.
name: Kurtz, Armin
name: Banas, Bernhard
name: Banas, Miriam C.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: anti-Thy1.1 glomerulonephritis, kidney development, mesangiolysis, podocytes
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin

description: The homeostatic chemokine receptor CCR7 serves as key molecule in lymphocyte homing into secondary lymphoid tissues. Previous experiments from our group identified CCR7 also to be expressed by human mesangial cells. Exposing cultured human mesangial cells to the receptor ligand CCL21 revealed a positive effect on these cells regarding proliferation, migration, and survival. In the present study, we localized CCR7 and CCL21 during murine nephrogenesis. Analyzing wild-type and CCR7 deficient (CCR7–/–) mice, we observed a retarded glomerulogenesis during renal development and a significantly decreased mesangial cellularity in adult CCR7–/– mice, as a consequence of less mesangial cell proliferation between embryonic day E17.5 and week 5 postpartum. Cell proliferation assays and cell-wounding experiments confirmed reduced proliferative and migratory properties of mesangial cells cultured from CCR7–/– kidneys. To further emphasize the role of CCR7 as important factor for mesangial biology, we examined the chemokine receptor expression in rats after induction of a mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis. Here, we demonstrated for the first time that extra- and intraglomerular mesangial cells that were CCR7-negative in control rats exhibited a strong CCR7 expression during the phase of mesangial repopulation and proliferation.
description: Open Access-Komponente aus einer Allianzlizenz
Continued functions and critical exponents: Tools for analytical continuation of divergent expressions in phase transition studies
Creators: name: Abhignan, Venkat
name: Sankaranarayanan, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resummation methods using continued functions are implemented to converge divergent series appearing in perturbation problems related to continuous phase transitions in field theories. In some cases, better convergence properties are obtained using continued functions than diagonal Pade approximants, which are extensively used in literature. We check the reliability of critical exponent estimates derived previously in universality classes of O(n)-symmetric models (classical phase transitions) and Gross-Neveu-Yukawa models (quantum phase transitions) using new methods.
description: 22 pages
Orbital mixture effect on the Fermi surface-$T_c$ correlation in the cuprate superconductors --- bilayer vs single layer
Creators: name: Sakakibara, Hirofumi
name: Suzuki, Katsuhiro
name: Usui, Hidetomo
name: Miyao, Satoaki
name: Maruyama, Isao
name: Kusakabe, Koichi
name: Arita, Ryotaro
name: Aoki, Hideo
name: Kuroki, Kazuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By constructing $d_{x^2-y^2}-d_{z^2}$ two-orbital models from first principles, we have obtained a systematic correlation between the Fermi surface warping and the evaluated $T_c$ for various bilayer as well as single-layer cuprates. This reveals that smaller mixture of the $d_{z^2}$ orbital component on the Fermi surface leads to both of larger Fermi surface warping and higher $T_c$. The theoretical correlation strikingly resembles a systematic plot for the experimentally observed $T_c$ against the Fermi surface warping due to Pavarini {\it et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 87}, 047003 (2001)], and the present result unambiguously indicates that the $d_{z^2}$ mixture is a key factor that determines $T_c$ in the cuprates.
description: 7pages, 3 figures
Detection of Thermal SZ -- CMB Lensing Cross-Correlation in Planck Nominal Mission Data
Creators: name: Hill, J. Colin
name: Spergel, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nominal mission maps from the Planck satellite contain a wealth of information about secondary anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), including those induced by the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect and gravitational lensing. As both the tSZ and CMB lensing signals trace the large-scale matter density field, the anisotropies sourced by these processes are expected to be correlated. We report the first detection of this cross-correlation signal, which we measure at 6.2 sigma significance using the Planck data. We take advantage of Planck's multifrequency coverage to construct a tSZ map using internal linear combination techniques, which we subsequently cross-correlate with the publicly-released Planck CMB lensing potential map. [Abridged] We interpret the signal using halo model calculations, which indicate that the tSZ -- CMB lensing cross-correlation is a unique probe of the physics of intracluster gas in high-redshift, low-mass groups and clusters. Our results are consistent with extrapolations of existing gas physics models to this previously unexplored regime and show clear evidence for contributions from both the one- and two-halo terms, but no statistically significant evidence for contributions from diffuse, unbound gas outside of collapsed halos. We also show that the amplitude of the signal depends rather sensitively on the amplitude of fluctuations ($σ_8$) and the matter density ($Ω_m$). We constrain the degenerate combination $σ_8 (Ω_m/0.282)^{0.26} = 0.824 \pm 0.029$, a result that is in less tension with primordial CMB constraints than some recent tSZ analyses. Our detection is a direct confirmation that hot, ionized gas traces the dark matter distribution over a wide range of scales in the universe ($\sim 0.1$--$50 \, {\rm Mpc}/h$).
description: v1: 35 pages, 18 figures, to be submitted to JCAP; v2: 36 pages, 18 figures; matches JCAP accepted version. Updates include analysis of Sehgal et al simulation and minor changes in cosmological constraints due to a bug fix; results otherwise unchanged. The Compton-y map from this work is available at http://www.astro.princeton.edu/~jch/ymapv1/ ; v3: fixed typo in references
Ship trajectory planning method for reproducing human operation at ports
Creators: name: Suyama, Rin
name: Miyauchi, Yoshiki
name: Maki, Atsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Among ship maneuvers, berthing/unberthing maneuvers are one of the most challenging and stressful phases for captains. Concerning burden reduction on ship operators and preventing accidents, several researches have been conducted on trajectory planning to automate berthing/unberthing. However, few studies have aimed at assisting captains in berthing/unberthing. The trajectory to be presented to the captain should be a maneuver that reproduces human captain's control characteristics. The previously proposed methods cannot explicitly reflect the motion and navigation, which human captains pay particular attention to reduce the mental burden in the trajectory planning. Herein, mild constraints to the trajectory planning method are introduced. The constraints impose certain states (position, bow heading angle, ship speed, and yaw angular velocity), to be taken approximately at any given time. The introduction of this new constraint allows imposing careful trajectory planning (e.g., in-situ turns at zero speed or a pause for safety before going astern), as if performed by a human during berthing/unberthing. The algorithm proposed herein was used to optimize the berthing/unberthing trajectories for a large car ferry. The results show that this method can generate the quantitatively equivalent trajectory recorded in the actual berthing/unberthing maneuver performed by a human captain.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, an accepted manuscript of a published paper on Ocean Engineering
AIII and BDI Topological Systems at Strong Disorder
Creators: name: Song, Juntao
name: Prodan, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an explicit 1-dimensional model, we provide direct evidence that the one-dimensional topological phases from the AIII and BDI symmetry classes follow a $\mathbb Z$-classification, even in the strong disorder regime when the Fermi level is embedded in a dense localized spectrum. The main tool for our analysis is the winding number $ν$, in the non-commutative formulation introduced in I. Mondragon-Shem, J. Song, T. L. Hughes, and E. Prodan, arXiv:1311.5233. For both classes, by varying the parameters of the model and/or the disorder strength, a cascade of sharp topological transitions $ν=0 \rightarrow ν=1 \rightarrow ν=2$ is generated, in the regime where the insulating gap is completely filled with the localized spectrum. We demonstrate that each topological transition is accompanied by an Anderson localization-delocalization transition. Furthermore, to explicitly rule out a $\mathbb Z_2$ classification, a topological transition between $ν=0$ and $ν=2$ is generated. These two phases are also found to be separated by an Anderson localization-delocalization transition, hence proving their distinct identity.
description: 10 pages and 8 figures; one figure was added and some paragraphs were updated
Data from: Temperature alters the toxicological impacts of plant terpenoids on the polyphagous model herbivore Vanessa cardui
Creators: name: Irving, Mari R.
name: Goolsby, Eric W.
name: Stanford, Hannah
name: Lim-Hing, Simone
name: Urrea, Maria
name: Mason, Chase
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Herbivory
insect development
Lepidoptera
LC50
plant defense

description: Terpenes are a major class of secondary metabolites present in all plants, and long hypothesized to have diversified in response to specific plant-herbivore interactions. Herbivory is a major biotic interaction that plays out across broad temporal and spatial scales that vary dramatically in temperature regimes, both due to climatic variation across geographic locations as well as the effect of seasonality. In addition, there is an emerging understanding that global climate change will continue to alter the temperature regimes of nearly every habitat on Earth over the coming centuries. Regardless of source, variation in temperature may influence herbivory, in particular via changes in the efficacy and impacts of plant defensive chemistry. This study aims to characterize temperature-driven variation in toxicological effects across several structural classes of terpenes in the model herbivore Vanessa cardui, the painted lady butterfly. We observed a general increase in monoterpene toxicity to larvae, pupa, and adults at higher temperatures, as well as an increase in development time as terpene concentration increased. Results obtained from this study yield insights into possible drivers of seasonal variation in plant terpene production as well as inform effects of rising global temperatures on plant-insect interactions. In the context of other known effects of climate change on plant-herbivore interactions like carbon fertilization and compensatory feeding, temperature-driven changes in plant chemical defense efficacy may further complicate the prediction of climate change impacts on the fundamental ecological process of herbivory.
description: Funding provided by: University of Central FloridaCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/036nfer12Award Number:
description: These datasets were collected as part of laboratory experiments as described in the published (open-access) article. The raw data is presented.
PyRDM: A Python-based library for automating the management and online publication of scientific software and data
Creators: name: Jacobs, Christian T.
name: Avdis, Alexandros
name: Gorman, Gerard J.
name: Piggott, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recomputability and reproducibility of results from scientific software requires access to both the source code and all associated input and output data. However, the full collection of these resources often does not accompany the key findings published in journal articles, thereby making it difficult or impossible for the wider scientific community to verify the correctness of a result or to build further research on it. This paper presents a new Python-based library, PyRDM, whose functionality aims to automate the process of sharing the software and data via online, citable repositories such as Figshare. The library is integrated into the workflow of an open-source computational fluid dynamics package, Fluidity, to demonstrate an example of its usage.
description: Revised version. The main changes are: Added pdfLaTeX to the dependencies list; Improved Figure 1 to show the 'publish' option selected in Diamond; Added two paragraphs to explain why users would want to use PyRDM; Added some content on the PyRDM roadmap, and also some content regarding engagement with libraries and research software engineers
Arbitrary perfect state transfer in $d$-level spin chains
Creators: name: Bayat, Abolfazl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit a ferromagnetic chain of interacting $d$-level ($d>2$) particles for arbitrary perfect transfer of quantum states with $(d-1)$ levels. The presence of one extra degree of freedom in the Hilbert space of particles, which is not used in encoding, allows to achieve perfect transfer even in a uniform chain through a repeated measurement procedure with consecutive single site measurements. Apart from the first iteration, for which the time of evolution grows linearly with the size of the chain, in all other iterations, the evolution times are short and does not scale with the length. The success probability of the mechanism grows with the number of repetitions and practically after a few iterations the transfer is accomplished with a high probability.
description: 6 pages and 5 figures
title: In-Prozess-Charakterisierung spiegelnder Oberflächen mit Laserstreulicht und leistungsfähiger Hardware
title: In-process characterization of specular surfaces with scattered laser light and hardware acceleration
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Patzelt, Stefan
name: Stehno, Christian
name: Stöbener, Dirk
name: Ströbel, Gerald
name: Fischer, Andreas
Publisher: name: De Gruyter Oldenbourg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Oberflächen
subject: Rauheit
subject: Messtechnik
subject: Laser
subject: Streulicht
subject: Speckle
subject: Hardwarebeschleunigung
subject: FPGA
subject: 600

description: Laserstreulichtmessungen auf der Basis von Specklekorrelationsverfahren charakterisieren Gestaltabweichung opaker, technischer Oberflächen auf der Mikro- und Nanometerskala. Anhand eines einzigen Streulichtbildes lässt sich die Rauheit eines mit Laserlicht beleuchteten Oberflächenbereiches mit mehreren Millimetern Durchmesser quantitativ bewerten. Mit hohen Laser-Lichtleistungen, kurzen Belichtungszeiten und einer Kamera mit hoher Bildrate lassen sich in laufenden Fertigungsprozessen „scharfe“ Bilder erzeugen, die für die rauheitsbezogene Bildauswertung geeignet sind. Die Bildauswertealgorithmen lassen sich für die Implementierung auf einer leistungsfähigen Hardware (FPGA – Field Programmable Gate Array) anpassen. Dies ermöglicht fertigungsnahe und In-Prozess-Rauheitsmessungen an technischen Oberflächen in Echtzeit mit einer Messrate von über 1,3 kHz und einer lückenlosen Oberflächenabdeckung von nahezu 4m2/min bei einer Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit von 1600m/min. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt den Aufbau und die Funktionsweise eines In-Prozess-Laserstreulichtmesssystems für die Charakterisierung schnell bewegter, spiegelnder Oberflächen und stellt erste Messergebnisse vor.
Random Attractor For Stochastic Lattice FitzHugh-Nagumo System Driven By $α$-stable Lévy Noises
Creators: name: Gu, Anhui
name: Li, Yangrong
name: Li, Jia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The present paper is devoted to the existence of a random attractor for stochastic lattice FitzHugh-Nagumo system driven by $α$-stable Lévy noises under some dissipative conditions.
When does the Hawking into Unruh mapping for global embeddings work?
Creators: name: Paston, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss for which smooth global embeddings of a metric into a Minkowskian spacetime the Hawking into Unruh mapping takes place. There is a series of examples of global embeddings into the Minkowskian spacetime (GEMS) with such mapping for physically interesting metrics. These examples use Fronsdal-type embeddings for which timelines are hyperbolas. In the present work we show that for some new embeddings (non Fronsdal-type) of the Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstrom metrics there is no mapping. We give also the examples of hyperbolic and non hyperbolic type embeddings for the de Sitter metric for which there is no mapping. For the Minkowski metric where there is no Hawking radiation we consider a non trivial embedding with hyperbolic timelines, hence in the ambient space the Unruh effect takes place, and it follows that there is no mapping too. The considered examples show that the meaning of the Hawking into Unruh mapping for global embeddings remains still insufficiently clear and requires further investigations.
description: LaTeX, 10 pages. This is extended version of the paper
Emission line galaxies in clusters
Creators: name: Poggianti, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the present epoch, clusters of galaxies are known to be a hostile environment for emission-line galaxies, which are more commonly found in low density regions outside of clusters. In contrast, going to higher redshifts the population of emission-line galaxies in clusters becomes progressively more conspicuous, and large numbers of star-forming late-type galaxies are observed. I present an overview of the observational findings and the theoretical expectations regarding the evolution of emission-line galaxies in dense environments, discussing the properties of these galaxies and the current evidence for environmental influences on their evolution.
description: 15 pages, 8 postscript figures - Invited review at the Plenary Session of the JENAM (Joint European and National Astronomical Meeting), Granada 13-17 Sep 2004
Star Formation and Infrared Emission in Galaxies
Creators: name: Kylafis, Nikolaos D.
name: Misiriotis, Angelos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relationship between star formation and infrared emission in galaxies will be investigated. If galaxies were simple objects and young stars were completely covered with dust, then all the absorbed light of the young stars would be re-emitted in the infrared and from the infrared emission of galaxies we would infer the star formation rate (SFR) in them accurately. To show the complexities involved in real galaxies, we will use as a case study the late-type spiral galaxies. We will show that the heating of the dust is done mainly by the UV radiation of the young stars and therefore the infrared emission reveals the SFR in them. With a realistic model and its application to a number of galaxies, tight correlations are derived between SFR and total far infrared luminosity on one hand, and dust mass and 850 micron flux on the other. Other diagnostics of the SFR are examined and it is shown that there is consistency among them. Thus, the SFR for galaxies of all Hubble types has been determined as well as for interacting starburst galaxies. Combining different methods, the star-formation history of the universe has been determined and will be shown. Finally, some early results from the Spitzer Space Telescope will be presented.
description: To be published in ``The many scales in the Universe - JENAM 2004 Astrophysics Reviews,'' from the Joint European and National Astronomical Meeting in Granada, Spain, September 13-17, 2004. Kluwer Academic Publishers, edited by Jose Carlos del Toro Iniesta, et al
The Mass Spectrum of X-Ray Binaries
Creators: name: Casares, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review summarizes the observational constraints on the mass spectrum of compact objects in X-ray binaries. We currently have 20 X-ray binaries with confirmed black holes, based on dynamical information (i.e. mass in excess of 3 Msun). In two cases, V404 Cyg and GRS 1915+105, the black hole mass exceeds the maximum predicted by current Type Ib supernovae models and challenges black hole formation scenarios. The great majority of black hole binaries are members of the class of X-ray Transients, where long periods of quiescence enable spectroscopic studies of the faint donor stars. On the other hand, neutron star binaries are mostly found in persistent binaries, where reprocessed light from the accretion disc overwhelms the companion star and precludes mass estimates. New results, based on the detection of optical fluorescent lines from the donor star and X-ray burst oscillations, provide the best prospects for mass constraints of neutron stars in persistent X-ray binaries.
description: Invited review presented at the conference "The Many Scales of the Universe - JENAM 2004 Astrophysics Reviews", joint European and Spanish astronomical meeting, held in Granada (Spain) in September 2004. To be published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, eds. J. C. del Toro Iniesta et al. 10 pages, 6 figures
Hitting time statistics for observations of dynamical systems
Creators: name: Rousseau, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study the distribution of hitting and return times for observations of dynamical systems. We apply this results to get an exponential law for the distribution of hitting and return times for rapidly mixing random dynamical systems. In particular, it allows us to obtain an exponential law for random expanding maps, random circle maps expanding in average and randomly perturbed dynamical systems.
The Huge Multiway Table Problem
Creators: name: Onn, Shmuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05A, 15A, 51M, 52A, 52B, 52C, 62H, 68Q, 68R, 68U, 68W, 90B, 90C

description: Deciding the existence of an $l\times m\times n$ integer threeway table with given line-sums is NP-complete already for fixed $l=3$, but is in P with both $l,m$ fixed. Here we consider {\em huge} tables, where the variable dimension $n$ is encoded in {\em binary}. Combining recent results on integer cones and Graver bases, we show that if the number of {\em layer types} is fixed, then the problem is in P, whereas if it is variable, then the problem is in NP intersect coNP. Our treatment goes through the more general class of $n$-fold integer programming problems.
Simple Site: Using existing IIIF resources to create your own IIIF presentations
Creators: name: Padfield, Joseph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: IIIF
simple
minimal computing
discovery
Practical IIIF

description: An introduction to the Simple Site System (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4504844) a simple set of processes, based in GitHub, for creating a standard set of web-pages based on a simple set of json files. This presentation also introduced a Simple IIIF Discovery system (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512980) which facilitates simple text based searches for IIIF (https://iiif.io) resources across multiple collections.
description: This presentation was given as part of the IIIF Community Call (https://iiif.io/community/call/) – 22nd September 2021
The Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies: open problems
Creators: name: Martinez-Gonzalez, E.
name: Vielva, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard inflationary model presents a simple scenario within which the homogeneity, isotropy and flatness of the universe appear as natural outcomes and, in addition, fluctuations in the energy density are originated during the inflationary phase. These seminal density fluctuations give rise to fluctuations in the temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) at the decoupling surface. Afterward, the CMB photons propagate almost freely, with slight gravitational interactions with the evolving gravitational field present in the large scale structure (LSS) of the matter distribution and a low scattering rate with free electrons after the universe becomes reionized. These secondary effects slightly change the shape of the intensity and polarization angular power spectra (APS) of the radiation. The APS contain very valuable information on the parameters characterizing the background model of the universe and those parametrising the power spectra of both matter density perturbations and gravitational waves. In the last few years data from sensitive experiments have allowed a good determination of the shape of the APS, providing for the first time a model of the universe very close to spatially flat. In particular the WMAP first year data, together with other CMB data at higher resolution and other cosmological data sets, have made possible to determine the cosmological parameters with a precision of a few percent. The most striking aspect of the derived model of the universe is the unknown nature of most of its energy contents. This and other open problems in cosmology represent exciting challenges for the CMB community. The future ESA Planck mission will undoubtely shed some light on these remaining questions.
description: Plenary talk presented at the conference "The Many Scales of the Universe - JENAM 2004 Astrophysics Reviews", joint European and Spanish astronomical meeting, held in Granada (Spain) in September 2004. To be published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, eds. J. C. del Toro Iniesta et al. 23 pages, 9 figures. High-resolution figures available from the authors upon request. Written before the release of the BOOMERanG 2003 flight data
Quantum-state transfer in spin chains via isolated resonance of terminal spins
Creators: name: Korzekwa, Kamil
name: Machnikowski, Paweł
name: Horodecki, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum-state transfer protocol in a spin chain that requires only the control of the spins at the ends of the quantum wire. The protocol is to a large extent insensitive to inhomogeneity caused by local magnetic fields and perturbation of exchange couplings. Moreover, apart from the free evolution regime, it allows one to induce an adiabatic spin transfer, which provides the possibility of performing the transfer on demand. We also show that the amount of information leaking into the central part of the chain is small throughout the whole transfer process (which protects the information sent from being eavesdropped) and can be controlled by the magnitude of the external magnetic field.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Published version
Testing Hybrid Natural Inflation with BICEP2
Creators: name: Carrillo-Gonzalez, Mariana
name: German, Gabriel
name: Herrera-Aguilar, Alfredo
name: Hidalgo, Juan Carlos
name: Sussman, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse Hybrid Natural Inflation in view of the recent results for the tensor index reported by BICEP2. We find that it predicts a large running of the scalar spectrum which is potentially detectable by large scale structure and $21\, \mathrm{cm} $ observations. The running of the running is also relatively large becoming close to $10^{-2}$. Along the way, we find general consistency relations at which observables are subject if the slow-roll approximation is imposed. Failure to satisfy these equations by the values obtained for the observables in surveys would be a failure of the slow-roll approximation itself.
description: V3: Published version
The Effects of Landau level mixing on the fractional quantum Hall effect in monolayer Graphene
Creators: name: Peterson, Michael R.
name: Nayak, Chetan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of exact diagonalization studies of the spin- and valley-polarized fractional quantum Hall effect in the $N=0$ and 1 Landau levels in graphene. We use an effective model that incorporates Landau level mixing to lowest-order in the parameter $κ= \frac{e^2/ε\ell}{\hbar v_F/\ell}=\frac{e^2}{εv_F\hbar}$ which is magnetic field independent and can only be varied through the choice of substrate. We find Landau level mixing effects are negligible in the $N=0$ Landau level for $κ\lesssim 2$. In fact, the lowest Landau level projected Coulomb Hamiltonian is a better approximation to the real Hamiltonian for graphene than it is for semiconductor based quantum wells. Consequently, the principal fractional quantum Hall states are expected in the $N=0$ Landau level over this range of $κ$. In the $N=1$ Landau level, fractional quantum Hall states are expected for a smaller range of $κ$ and Landau level mixing strongly breaks particle-hole symmetry producing qualitatively different results compared to the $N=0$ Landau level. At half-filling of the $N=1$ Landau level, we predict the anti-Pfaffian state will occur for $κ\sim 0.25$-$0.75$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; v2 is published version with additional references
On the Klein-Gordon equation near a De Sitter brane in an Anti-de Sitter bulk
Creators: name: Bachelot, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L53, 35Q, 83E

description: In this paper we investigate the Klein-Gordon equation in the past causal domain of a De Sitter brane imbedded in a Anti-de Sitter bulk. We solve the global mixed hyperbolic problem. We prove that any finite energy solution can be expressed as a Kaluza-Klein tower that is a superposition of free fields in the Steady State Universe, of which we study the asymptotic behaviours. We show that the leading term of a gravitational fluctuation is a massless graviton, i.e. the De Sitter brane is linearly stable.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures
Revolutionary America and Shakespeare: Late Eighteenth-Century American Identity and the British Playwright
Creators: name: Jelen, Emily
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Shakespeare
subject: American Revolution
subject: Founding Fathers
subject: Eighteenth Century
subject: Cultural History
subject: Theatre History

description: In the eighteenth century Shakespeare was strongly associated with British culture and theatre style. However, during this time, Americans began an obsession with the Bard that lasted at least a century. While the American Revolution may have started as a direct response to certain parliamentary actions surrounding issues of taxation, it quickly took on an anti-British sentiment. As the American people rejected all things British during this period, Shakespeare is an anomaly. The powerful, yet perplexing, position Shakespeare held in American society can be seen as an indicative component of how Americans viewed their new Republic. This thesis uses Shakespeare to explore how Revolutionary era politicians and civilians understood the relationship between their nation and the nation from which they came. Divided into chapters, the first chapter highlights Shakespeare’s position as the symbol of British greatness. The second and third chapters explore Americans’ understanding of the Bard through newspaper articles, letters, and political documents which reference the playwright. The final two chapters delve into the social and political ideologies during the American Revolutionary period that complicate and explain Americans’ paradoxical relationship with Shakespeare. Despite the strong convictions otherwise, America in the late eighteenth century still relied, culturally and literarily, on Britain.
Search for jet extinction in the inclusive jet-pt spectrum from proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first search at the LHC for the extinction of QCD jet production is presented, using data collected with the CMS detector corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 10.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The extinction model studied in this analysis is motivated by the search for signatures of strong gravity at the TeV scale (terascale gravity) and assumes the existence of string couplings in the strong-coupling limit. In this limit, the string model predicts the suppression of all high-transverse-momentum standard model processes, including jet production, beyond a certain energy scale. To test this prediction, the measured transverse-momentum spectrum is compared to the theoretical prediction of the standard model. No significant deficit of events is found at high transverse momentum. A 95% confidence level lower limit of 3.3 TeV is set on the extinction mass scale.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI
POLÍTICA, RAÇA, CARÁTER NACIONAL E LITERATURA: UM DEBATE ACERCA DAS CHAVES INTERPRETATIVAS SOBRE O PENSAMENTO ROMERIANO
Creators: name: Martins, Maro Lara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: History and philosophy of the social sciences
Postcolonial studies
Social theory
Sociological methodology and research methods
Sociology and social studies of science and technology
Sociology of culture

description: A historiografia sobre a “Geração de 1870” e sobre a Primeira República, mostram Sílvio Romero como um personagem atuante no cenário político, social e cultural da época. Porém, as análises não são convergentes e tendem a nos oferecer diferentes visões sobre o período e sobre as idéias romerianas. Neste sentido, as opções teóricas e metodológicas dos intérpretes adquirem um papel fundamental na questão do tensionamento entre obra e contexto, bem como entre autor e obra. Por conseguinte, observam-se seis eixos interpretativos que fornecem panoramas diversificados sobre o pensamento de Sílvio Romero. O primeiro viés tende a analisar as características culturais da obra romeriana, centrando-se nos aspectos da crítica literária e da literatura. O segundo parte para uma interpretação tendo em vista a relação entre cultura nacional e literatura. Outro ponto de vista procura uma interpretação tendo como principal referência a questão racial presente na abordagem romeriana da sociedade. A quarta chave interpretativa reflete sobre o nacionalismo e a construção da nação brasileira, enquadrando as concepções romerianas de caráter nacional neste debate. Enquanto, outra chave interpretativa aponta a renovação intelectual ocorrida a partir de Romero e da “Geração 1870” em contraponto aos cânones do Império brasileiro. Por fim, outra perspectiva que privilegia o pensamento político de Sílvio Romero.
The Role of the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph Eur) in Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine in European Member States
Creators: name: Franz, Gerhard
name: Wang, Mei
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: European Pharmacopeia (Ph Eur), Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP), Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), TCM monographs, herbal drugs and quality control
subject: 540 Chemie

description: In order to assure the safety and efficacy of the Chinese Medicines in Europe, the quality of TCM herbals should be guaranteed so that they can be freely imported in the European Union and other Western European Countries which are signatories of the European Pharmacopoeia Convention. Consequently, new Ph Eur TCM herbal drug Monographs should be elaborated, based on preexisting Monographs in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP) 2010. Such a program has been inaugurated in 2005 by the Ph Eur Groups of Experts 13 A and B (Phytochemistry). Since then good progress has been made, elaborating of about one third of the originally proposed 100 TCM herbals being identified as important monographs for the European Market. Taking into account the many challenges still laying ahead, the establishment of a specialized Working Party (WP) on TCM with specialists and experts from many EU Member States has been decided by the Ph Eur Commission in 2008 which is highly active ever since in the examination and elaboration of new TCM herbal drug monographs, primarily to assure the safety of the European patient and further to provide quality parameters extremely important for all registration and licensing procedures of the respective National Authorities all over Europe. This paper is a survey of results and difficulties obtained so far which has been encountered meanwhile in the elaboration process by the Ph Eur TCM WP of these monographs and will discuss these in detail. Moreover the role of Ph Eur TCM monographs in the European community is addressed.
description: im Artikel angegebene DOI 10.15806/j.issn.2311-8571.2014.0021 geht nicht.---- Open Access-Komponente aus einer Allianzlizenz
Vorschau / Impressum
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Der Antike Sudan. Mitteilungen der Sudanarchäologischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin e. V.
Year: 2023

description: Der Antike Sudan. Mitteilungen der Sudanarchäologischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin e. V., Bd. 10 (2000): Der Antike Sudan
Infrared-Faint Radio Sources: A New Population of High-redshift Radio Galaxies
Creators: name: Collier, Jordan D.
name: Banfield, Julie K.
name: Norris, Ray P.
name: Schnitzeler, Dominic H. F. M.
name: Kimball, Amy E.
name: Filipović, Miroslav D.
name: Jarrett, Tom H.
name: Lonsdale, Carol J.
name: Tothill, Nick F. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a sample of 1317 Infrared-Faint Radio Sources (IFRSs) that, for the first time, are reliably detected in the infrared, generated by cross-correlating the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) all-sky survey with major radio surveys. Our IFRSs are brighter in both radio and infrared than the first generation IFRSs that were undetected in the infrared by the Spitzer Space Telescope. We present the first spectroscopic redshifts of IFRSs, and find that all but one of the IFRSs with spectroscopy has z > 2. We also report the first X-ray counterparts of IFRSs, and present an analysis of radio spectra and polarization, and show that they include Gigahertz-Peaked Spectrum, Compact Steep Spectrum, and Ultra-Steep Spectrum sources. These results, together with their WISE infrared colours and radio morphologies, imply that our sample of IFRSs represents a population of radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei at z > 2. We conclude that our sample consists of lower-redshift counterparts of the extreme first generation IFRSs, suggesting that the fainter IFRSs are at even higher redshift.
description: 23 pages, 17 figures. Submitted to MNRAS