cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Relativistic time-dependent configuration-interaction singles
Creators: name: Zapata, Felipe
name: Vinbladh, Jimmy
name: Ljungdahl, Anton
name: Lindroth, Eva
name: Dahlström, Jan Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V45

description: In this work, a derivation and implementation of the relativistic time-dependent configuration interaction singles (RTDCIS) method is presented. Various observables for krypton and xenon atoms obtained by RTDCIS are compared with experimental data and alternative relativistic calculations. This includes energies of occupied orbitals in the Dirac-Fock ground state, Rydberg state energies, Fano resonances and photoionization cross sections. Diagrammatic many-body perturbation theory, based on the relativistic random phase approximation, is used as a benchmark with excellent agreement between RTDCIS reported at the Tamm-Dancoff level. Results from RTDCIS are computed in the length gauge, here the negative energy states can be omitted with acceptable loss of accuracy. A complex absorbing potential, that is used to remove photoelectrons far from the ion, is implemented as a scalar potential and validated for RTDCIS. The RTDCIS methodology presented here opens for future studies of strong-field processes, such as attosecond transient absorption and high-order harmonic generation, with electron and hole spin dynamics and other relativistic effects described by first principle via the Dirac equation.
description: 18 pages, 4 tables, 2 figures, regular article
Superintegrability of the Caged Anisotropic Oscillator
Creators: name: Evans, N. W.
name: Verrier, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study "the Caged Anisotropic Harmonic Oscillator", which is a new example of a superintegrable, or accidentally degenerate Hamiltonian. The potential is that of the harmonic oscillator with rational frequency ratio (l:m:n), but additionally with barrier terms describing repulsive forces from the principal planes. This confines the classical motion to a sector bounded by the principal planes, or cage. In 3 degrees, there are five isolating integrals of motion, ensuring that all bound trajectories are closed and strictly periodic. Three of the integrals are quadratic in the momenta, the remaining two are polynomials of order 2(l+m-1) and 2(l+n-1). In the quantum problem, the eigenstates are multiply degenerate, exhibiting multiple copies of the fundamental pattern of the symmetry group SU(3).
description: Submitted to the Journal of Mathematical Physics
Design of relational database schemas : the traditional dependencies are not enough
Creators: name: Ola, Adegbemiga
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Hitherto, most relational database design methods are based on functional dependencies (FDs) and multivalued dependencies (MVDs). Full mappings are proposed as an alternative to FDs and MVDs. A mapping between any two sets, apart from being one-one, many-one, or many-many, is either total or partial on the source and target sets. An 'into' mapping on a set, expresses the fact that an element in the set may not be involved in the mapping. An 'onto' mapping on a set is total on the set. A many-many (into,onto) mapping from set A to set B is written as A[sup=i] m----n B[sup=o]. The mappings incorporate more semantic information into data dependency specification. It is shown, informally, that the full mappings are more expressive than FDs and MVDs. Transformation rules, to generate Boyce-Codd normal form and projection-join normal form schemas from the full mappings, are defined. The full mapping/transformation rules provide a discipline for modeling nonfunctional relationships, within a synthetic approach.
Wave instabilities in an anisotropic magnetized space plasma
Creators: name: Dzhalilov, N. S.
name: Kuznetsov, V. D.
name: Staude, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study wave instability in an collisionless, rarefied hot plasma (e.g. solar wind or corona). We consider the anisotropy produced by the magnetic field, when the thermal gas pressures across and along the field become unequal. We apply the 16-moment transport equations (obtained from the Boltzmann-Vlasov kinetic equation) including the anisotropic thermal fluxes. The general dispersion relation for the incompressible wave modes is derived. It is shown that a new, more complex wave spectrum with stable and unstable behavior is possible, in contrast to the classic fire-hose modes obtained in terms of the 13-moment integrated equations.
description: 5 pages, length reduced to that of a Research Note, A&A (in press)
Vertical settling of pebbles in turbulent circumbinary discs and the in situ formation of circumbinary planets
Creators: name: Pierens, Arnaud
name: Nelson, Richard P.
name: McNally, Colin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inner-most regions of circumbinary discs are unstable to a parametric instability whose non-linear evolution is hydrodynamical turbulence. This results in significant particle stirring, impacting on planetary growth processes such as the streaming instability or pebble accretion. In this paper, we present the results of three-dimensional, inviscid global hydrodynamical simulations of circumbinary discs with embedded particles of 1 cm size. Hydrodynamical turbulence develops in the disc, and we examine the effect of the particle back-reaction on vertical dust. We find that higher solid-to-gas ratios lead to smaller gas vertical velocity fluctuations, and therefore to smaller dust scale heights. For a metallicity $Z=0.1$, the dust scale height near the edge of the tidally-truncated cavity is $\sim 80\%$ of the gas scale height, such that growing a Ceres-mass object to a 10 $M_\oplus$ core via pebble accretion would take longer than the disc lifetime. Collision velocities for small particles are also higher than the critical velocity for fragmentation, which precludes grain growth and the possibility of forming a massive planetesimal seed for pebble accretion. At larger distances from the binary, turbulence is weak enough to enable not only efficient pebble accretion but also grain growth to sizes required to trigger the streaming instability. In these regions, an in-situ formation scenario of circumbinary planets involving the streaming instability to form a massive planetesimal followed by pebble accretion onto this core is viable. In that case, planetary migration has to be invoked to explain the presence of circumbinary planets at their observed locations.
description: accepted in MNRAS
Mass transport in a strongly sheared binary mixture of Maxwell molecules
Creators: name: Garzo, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport coefficients associated with the mass flux of a binary mixture of Maxwell molecules under uniform shear flow are exactly determined from the Boltzmann kinetic equation. A normal solution is obtained via a Chapman--Enskog-like expansion around a local shear flow distribution that retains all the hydrodynamics orders in the shear rate. In the first order of the expansion the mass flux is proportional to the gradients of mole fraction, pressure, and temperature but, due to the anisotropy induced in the system by the shear flow, mutual diffusion, pressure diffusion and thermal diffusion tensors are identified instead of the conventional scalar coefficients. These tensors are obtained in terms of the shear rate and the parameters of the mixture (particle masses, concentrations, and force constants). The description is made both in the absence and in the presence of an external thermostat introduced in computer simulations to compensate for the viscous heating. As expected, the analysis shows that there is not a simple relationship between the results with and without the thermostat. The dependence of the three diffusion tensors on the shear rate is illustrated in the tracer limit case, the results showing that the deviation of the generalized transport coefficients from their equilibrium forms is in general quite important. Finally, the generalized transport coefficients associated with the momentum and heat transport are evaluated from a model kinetic equation of the Boltzmann equation.
description: 6 figures
Tuning the Charge Density Wave and Superconductivity in CuxTaS2
Creators: name: Wagner, K. E.
name: Morosan, E.
name: Hor, Y. S.
name: Tao, J.
name: Zhu, Y.
name: Sanders, T.
name: McQueen, T. M.
name: Zandbergen, H. W.
name: Williams, A. J.
name: West, D. V.
name: Cava, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the characterization of layered, 2H-type CuxTaS2, for x between 0 and 0.12. The charge density wave (CDW), at 70 K for TaS2, is destabilized with Cu doping. The sub-1K superconducting transition in undoped 2H-TaS2 jumps quickly to 2.5 K at low x, increases to 4.5 K at the optimal composition Cu0.04TaS2, and then decreases at higher x. The electronic contribution to the specific heat, first increasing and then decreasing as a function of Cu content, is 12 mJ mol-1 K-2 at Cu0.04TaS2. Electron diffraction studies show that the CDW remains present at the optimal superconducting composition, but with both a changed q vector and decreased coherence length. We present an electronic phase diagram for the system.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures. To be published in Physical Review B
Agroforestry policy in Europe: current status and future prospects
Creators: name: Mosquera-Losada M., R.
name: Santiago-Freijanes J., J.
name: Pantera, A.
name: Pisanelli, A.
name: Ferreiro-Domínguez, N.
name: Silva-Losada, P.
name: Den Herder, M.
name: Rois Diaz, M.
name: Rodriguez-Rigueiro, J.
name: Arias-Martínez, D.
name: Villada, A.
name: Rigueiro-Rodríguez, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: policy
silvopasture
homegardens
silvoarable
forest farming

description: Agroforestry is one of the most prominent tools to make easy the transition of European
agricultural and forestry farms to more sustainable land use systems such as agroforestry.
The extent of agroforestry in Europe is 19.5 million of hectares, of which 85% is allocated
to silvopastoralism mainly associated to European Southern countries but also present in
some Eastern countries. Silvopasture is associated to the improvement of livestock farming
systems providing feed in a more sustainable way while increasing the multiple ouputs production
from the same unit of land, therefore improving rural development. The current share
of silvopastoralism in the EU is the 10% of the permanent grasslands which shows the huge
potential that this land use has. The second most important agroforestry systems are the
homegardens which represents the 8.3% of agroforestry lands and occupy around 8.65% of
the land allocated to homegardens. Forest farming is not inventoried at all, while silvoarable
only occupies almost half a million hectares and less than 1% of the arable land. Europe fosters
agroforestry mostly through the Rural Development programs with more than 383 and
467 measures fostering agroforestry in one way or another in the previous CAP (2007-2013)
and current CAP (2014-2020). Future measures should be fostered through the CAP Strategic
plans developed at country level
Post Common Envelope Binaries from SDSS - III. Seven new orbital periods
Creators: name: Rebassa-Mansergas, A.
name: Gaensicke, B. T.
name: Schreiber, M. R.
name: Southworth, J.
name: Schwope, A. D.
name: Gomez-Moran, A. Nebot
name: Aungwerojwit, A.
name: Rodriguez-Gil, P.
name: Karamanavis, V.
name: Krumpe, M.
name: Tremou, E.
name: Schwarz, R.
name: Staude, A.
name: Vogel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present follow-up spectroscopy and photometry of 11 post common envelope binary (PCEB) candidates identified from multiple Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) spectroscopy in an earlier paper. Radial velocity measurements using the \Lines{Na}{I}{8183.27,8194.81} absorption doublet were performed for nine of these systems and provided measurements of six orbital periods in the range $\Porb= 2.7-17.4$ h. Three PCEB candidates did not show significant radial velocity variations in the follow-up data, and we discuss the implications for the use of SDSS spectroscopy alone to identify PCEBs. Differential photometry confirmed one of our spectroscopic orbital periods and provided one additional \Porb measurement. Binary parameters are estimated for the seven objects for which we have measured the orbital period and the radial velocity amplitude of the low-mass companion star, $K_\mathrm{sec}$. So far, we have published nine SDSS PCEBs orbital periods, all of them $\Porb<1$ d. We perform Monte-Carlo simulations and show that $3σ$ SDSS radial velocity variations should still be detectable for systems in the orbital period range of $\Porb\sim1-10$ days. Consequently, our results suggest that the number of PCEBs decreases considerably for $\Porb>1$ day, and that during the common envelope phase the orbital energy of the binary star is maybe less efficiently used to expell the envelope than frequently assumed.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables Accepted in MNRAS
การพัฒนารูปแบบเฟรมเวิร์คธนาคารข้อสอบบนระบบประมวลผลแบบกลุ่มเมฆ
Creators: name: ปิยะ  ถิรพันธุ์เมธี
name: พัลลภ  พิริยะสุรวงศ์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีพระจอมเกล้าพระนครเหนือ
Year: 2014
Subjects: ซอฟต์แวร์เฟรมวิร์ค, ระบบประมวลผลแบบกลุ่มเมฆ, ธนาคารข้อสอบ

description: 2, 8, วารสารวิชาการและวิจัย มทร.พระนคร
Ghost story. I. Wedge states in the oscillator formalism
Creators: name: Bonora, L.
name: Maccaferri, C.
name: Santos, R. J. Scherer
name: Tolla, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is primarily devoted to the ghost wedge states in string field theory formulated with the oscillator formalism. Our aim is to prove, using such formalism, that the wedge states can be expressed as |n> = exp[{2-n}/2 ({\cal L}_0+{\cal L}_0^\daggert)]|0>, separately in the matter and ghost sector. This relation is crucial for instance in the proof of Schnabl's solution. We start from the exponentials in the rhs and wish to prove that they take precisely the form of wedge states. As a guideline we first re-demonstrate this relation for the matter part. Then we turn to the ghosts. On the way we face the problem of `diagonalizing' infinite rectangular matrices. We manage to give a meaning to such an operation and to prove that the eigenvalues we obtain satisfy the recursion relations of the wedge states.
description: 53 pages, latex, subsection 2.5 and section 6 enlarged, to appear in JHEP
Quench detection and protection system for the CBM dipole magnet
Creators: name: Kurilkin, P.
name: Szwangruber, P.
name: Ramakers, H.
name: Floch, E.
name: Toral, F.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
The Bridge of Data project: Gdańsk University of Technology approach to building up the infrastructure for data sharing
Creators: name: Szuflita-Żurawska, Magdalena
name: Kwasiżur, Piotr
name: Wałek, Anna
name: Nowacki Michał
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Open Science
data repository
data sharing

description: In the era of Big Data, research data play the unquestionable role in scientific research as well as everyday life. The Bridge of Data project at Gdansk University of Technology (GUT) will be available as the data repository with adjunctive services that are unique in Poland. The project is the continuum and built upon the previous project called the Bridge of Knowledge that was foremost concentrated on Open Access. Current developments put emphasis on research data and will provide technological innovations such as hosting the project on the private computing cloud and storing the data on the Cepch Object Storage. Searching the data will be available through open text search due to implementing the NoSQL database – ElasticSearch. Moreover, the project will allow researchers to perform Big Data Analysis by the Apache Zeppelin GUI on the supercomputer Tryton (40.000 cores, 1,5 PFLOPS). Additionally, the Competency Center operating at the GUT Library will be launched and provide assistance and on-site tailoring training among researchers from all scientific disciplines that include Data Management Plan, open licensing or metadata standards. The Bridge of Data is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund within the framework of an Operational Programme Digital Poland for 2014-2020.
description: 'Bridge of Data. Multidisciplinary Open Knowledge Transfer System - stage II: Open Research Data' project is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund under the Operational Program Digital Poland 2014-2020
Multi-spin errors in the optical control of a spin quantum memory
Creators: name: Grochol, Michal
name: Piermarocchi, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quantum memory composed of an array of charged quantum dots embedded in a planar cavity. Optically excited polaritons, i.e. exciton-cavity mixed states, interact with the electron spins in the dots. Linearly polarized excitation induces two-spin and multi-spin interactions. We discuss how the multi-spin interaction terms, which represent a source of errors for two-qubit quantum gates, can be suppressed using local control of the exciton energy. We show that using detuning conditional phase shift gates with high fidelity can be obtained. The cavity provides long-range spin coupling and the resulting gate operation time is shorter than the spin decoherence time.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The two-step Forbush decrease: a tale of two substructures modulating galactic cosmic rays within coronal mass ejections
Creators: name: Janvier, Miho
name: Démoulin, Pascal
name: Guo, Jingnan
name: Dasso, Sergio
name: Regnault, Florian
name: Topsi-Moutesidou, Sofia
name: Gutierrez, Christian
name: Perri, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs) are known to modify the structure of the solar wind as well as interact with the space environment of planetary systems. Their large magnetic structures have been shown to interact with galactic cosmic rays, leading to the Forbush decrease (FD) phenomenon. We revisit in the present article the 17 years of Advanced Composition Explorer spacecraft ICME detection along with two neutron monitors (McMurdo and Oulu) with a superposed epoch analysis to further analyze the role of the magnetic ejecta in driving FDs. We investigate in the following the role of the sheath and the magnetic ejecta in driving FDs, and we further show that for ICMEs without a sheath, a magnetic ejecta only is able to drive significant FDs of comparable intensities. Furthermore, a comparison of samples with and without a sheath with similar speed profiles enable us to show that the magnetic field intensity, rather than its fluctuations, is the main driver for the FD. Finally, the recovery phase of the FD for isolated magnetic ejecta shows an anisotropy in the level of the GCRs. We relate this finding at 1 au to the gradient of the GCR flux found at different heliospheric distances from several interplanetary missions.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Finite default theories
Creators: name: Etherington, David William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The thesis presents a survey of formalisms for non-monotonic reasoning, providing a sketch of the "state of the art" in the field. Reiter's logic for default reasoning is discussed in detail. Following this, a procedure which can determine the extensions of general finite default theories is demonstrated. The potential impact of this procedure on some of the other research in the field is explored, and some promising areas for future research are indicated. Grounds for cautious optimism about the tractability of default theories capable of representing a wide variety of common situations are presented.
title: Wie beeinflussen Protestbewegungen die öffentliche Akzeptanz von Technologien für die Industrietransformation in NRW? : Ein exploratives Protest-Akzeptanz-Modell
Creators: name: Strasmann, Yannick
name: Große-Kreul, Felix
name: Kretzer, Michael
name: Altstadt, Laura
name: Reichmann, Aileen
name: Weber, Nora
name: Witte, Katja
name: Freier, Nora
name: Kränke, Lisa
name: Patzwahl, Rosa
Publisher: name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Um die Treibhausgasneutralität bis 2045 zu erreichen, wird unter anderem erforderlich sein, dass die Industrie klimaneutrale Produktionsweisen entwickelt und umsetzt. Damit einher gehen gesellschaftliche Aushandlungsprozesse darüber, welche neuen Technologien eingesetzt werden und welche Auswirkungen vor Ort akzeptiert werden. Das Ausmaß an Akzeptanz gegenüber Technologien oder Infrastrukturen beeinflusst neben anderen Faktoren die spezifische Ausgestaltung der Transformation. Mangelnde Akzeptanz kann die Entwicklung von Transformationspfaden verlangsamen oder gar verhindern, und zu Protesten, beispielsweise von lokalen Initiativen oder von etablierten Klimaschutz- und Umweltverbänden, führen. 
Dieses Wuppertal Paper stellt die Frage in den Fokus, welchen Einfluss Protestbewegungen auf öffentliche Akzeptanz haben bzw. haben könnten. Grundlage dafür sind empirische Ergebnisse aus dem Projekt Protanz.NRW zu Protesten und Akzeptanz im Kontext der Industrietransformation in NRW. Darauf aufbauend wird ein Protest-Akzeptanz-Modell entwickelt und es werden Hypothesen abgeleitet, wie unterschiedliche Protestgruppen die öffentliche Akzeptanz von Technologien für die Industrietransformation in NRW beeinflussen können. Abschließend werden Handlungsempfehlungen für Politik und Industrie abgeleitet sowie Forschungsbedarfe aufgezeigt.
Silicon strip sensor layout for the CBM Silicon Tracking System
Creators: name: Soyk, D.
name: Tymchuk, I.
name: Heuser, J.
name: Schmidt, C. J.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
Compressed particle methods for expensive models with application in Astronomy and Remote Sensing
Creators: name: Martino, Luca
name: Elvira, Víctor
name: López-Santiago, Javier
name: Camps-Valls, Gustau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many inference problems, the evaluation of complex and costly models is often required. In this context, Bayesian methods have become very popular in several fields over the last years, in order to obtain parameter inversion, model selection or uncertainty quantification. Bayesian inference requires the approximation of complicated integrals involving (often costly) posterior distributions. Generally, this approximation is obtained by means of Monte Carlo (MC) methods. In order to reduce the computational cost of the corresponding technique, surrogate models (also called emulators) are often employed. Another alternative approach is the so-called Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) scheme. ABC does not require the evaluation of the costly model but the ability to simulate artificial data according to that model. Moreover, in ABC, the choice of a suitable distance between real and artificial data is also required. In this work, we introduce a novel approach where the expensive model is evaluated only in some well-chosen samples. The selection of these nodes is based on the so-called compressed Monte Carlo (CMC) scheme. We provide theoretical results supporting the novel algorithms and give empirical evidence of the performance of the proposed method in several numerical experiments. Two of them are real-world applications in astronomy and satellite remote sensing.
description: published in IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems
Spin-orbit coupling effects in one-dimensional ballistic quantum wires
Creators: name: Birkholz, J. E.
name: Meden, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spin-dependent electronic transport through a one-dimensional ballistic quantum wire in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit interaction. In particular, we consider the effect of the spin-orbit interaction resulting from the lateral confinement of the two-dimensional electron gas to the one-dimensional wire geometry. We generalize a situation suggested earlier [P. Streda and P. Seba, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 256601 (2003)] which allows for spin-polarized electron transport. As a result of the lateral confinement, the spin is rotated out of the plane of the two-dimensional system. We furthermore investigate the spin-dependent transmission and the polarization of an electron current at a potential barrier. Finally, we construct a lattice model which shows similar low-energy physics. In the future, this lattice model will allow us to study how the electron-electron interaction affects the transport properties of the present setup.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, revised version
In-beam test of prototype modules for the CBM Silicon Tracking System
Creators: name: Balog, T.
name: Bertini, O.
name: Eschke, J.
name: Friese, V.
name: Ghosh, P.
name: Heinz, T.
name: Heuser, J.
name: Khomyakov, V.
name: Larionov, P.
name: Niebur, W.
name: Pauly, C.
name: Uhlig, F.
name: Singla, M.
name: Sorokin, I.
name: Sturm, C.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Zumbruch, P.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
Entangled state for constructing generalized phase space representation and its statistical behavior
Creators: name: Hu, Li-yun
name: Fan, Hong-yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the conception of quantum entanglement of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen we construct generalized phase space representation associated with the entangled state |Gamma>_{e}, which is endowed with definite physical meaning. The set of states make up a complete and non-orthogonal representation. The Weyl ordered form of |Gamma>_{ee}__{ee}__{e} is also demonstrated.
description: 13 pages, no figures
Topological Defects, Inherent Structures, and Hyperuniformity
Creators: name: Chen, Duyu
name: Zheng, Yu
name: Jiao, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disordered hyperuniform systems are exotic states of matter that completely suppress large-scale density fluctuations like crystals, and yet possess no Bragg peaks similar to liquids or glasses. Such systems have been discovered in a variety of equilibrium and non-equilibrium physical and biological systems, and are often endowed with novel physical properties. The mechanisms associated with the emergence of disordered hyperuniformity in nonequilibrium systems, in particular inherent structures are often not well understood, which we will address from a topological perspective in this work. Specifically, we consider a representative class of disordered inherent structures which are constructed by continuously introducing randomly distributed topological defects (dislocations and disclinations) often seen in colloidal systems and atomic-scale two-dimensional materials. We demonstrate that these inherent structures can be viewed as topological variants of ordered hyperuniform states (such as crystals) linked through continuous topological transformation pathways, which remarkably preserve hyperuniformity. Moreover, we develop a continuum theory to demonstrate that the large-scale density fluctuations in these inherent structures are mainly dominated by the elastic displacement fields resulted from the topological defects, which at low defect concentrations can be approximated as superposition of the displacement fields associated with each individual defect (strain source). We rigorously demonstrate that hyperuniformity is preserved as long as certain conditions associated with the displacement fields are met. Our results also highlight the importance of decoupling the positional degrees of freedom from the vibrational degrees of freedom when looking for disordered hyperuniformity, since the hyperuniformity property is often cloaked by thermal fluctuations.
Charge separation induced by P-odd bubbles in QCD matter
Creators: name: Kharzeev, D.
name: Zhitnitsky, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the recent suggestion that P- and CP-odd effects in QCD matter can induce electric charge asymmetry with respect to reaction plane in relativistic heavy ion collisions. General arguments are given which confirm that the angular momentum of QCD matter in the presence of non-zero topological charge should induce an electric field aligned along the axis of the angular momentum. A simple formula relating the magnitude of charge asymmetry to the angular momentum and topological charge is derived. The expected asymmetry is amenable to experimental observation at RHIC and LHC; we discuss the recent preliminary STAR result in light of our findings.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure; extended discussion of cosmological and astrophysical implications; final version to appear in Nuclear Physics A
Joint Bayesian component separation and CMB power spectrum estimation
Creators: name: Eriksen, H. K.
name: Jewell, J. B.
name: Dickinson, C.
name: Banday, A. J.
name: Gorski, K. M.
name: Lawrence, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe and implement an exact, flexible, and computationally efficient algorithm for joint component separation and CMB power spectrum estimation, building on a Gibbs sampling framework. Two essential new features are 1) conditional sampling of foreground spectral parameters, and 2) joint sampling of all amplitude-type degrees of freedom (e.g., CMB, foreground pixel amplitudes, and global template amplitudes) given spectral parameters. Given a parametric model of the foreground signals, we estimate efficiently and accurately the exact joint foreground-CMB posterior distribution, and therefore all marginal distributions such as the CMB power spectrum or foreground spectral index posteriors. The main limitation of the current implementation is the requirement of identical beam responses at all frequencies, which restricts the analysis to the lowest resolution of a given experiment. We outline a future generalization to multi-resolution observations. To verify the method, we analyse simple models and compare the results to analytical predictions. We then analyze a realistic simulation with properties similar to the 3-yr WMAP data, downgraded to a common resolution of 3 degree FWHM. The results from the actual 3-yr WMAP temperature analysis are presented in a companion Letter.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures; version accepted for publication in ApJ -- only minor changes, all clarifications. More information about the WMAP3 analysis available at http://www.astro.uio.no/~hke under the Research tab
Measurements of B --> {pi, eta, eta'} l nu Branching Fractions and Determination of |Vub| with Semileptonically Tagged B Mesons
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of branching fractions for the decays B --> P l nu, where P are the pseudoscalar charmless mesons pi-, pi0, eta and eta', based on 348 fb-1 of data collected with the BABAR detector, using B0 and B+ mesons found in the recoil of a second B meson decaying as B --> D(*) l nu. Assuming isospin symmetry, we combine pionic branching fractions to obtain B(B0 --> pi- l+ nu) = (1.54 +/- 0.17(stat) +/- 0.09(syst)) x 10-4; we find 3.2 sigma evidence of the decay B+ --> eta l+ nu and measure its branching fraction to be (0.64 +/- 0.20 (stat) +/- 0.03 (syst)) x 10-4, and determine B(B+ --> eta' l+ nu) < 0.47 x 10-4 to 90% confidence level. Using partial branching fractions for the pionic decays in ranges of the momentum transfer and a recent form factor calculation, we obtain the magnitude of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |Vub| = (4.0 +/- 0.5(stat) +/- 0.2(syst) +0.7-0.5(theory)) x 10-3.
description: 7 pages, 4 postscript figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters
Effect of Palladium Thickness and Extended Isothermal Aging on the Reliability of Solder Interconnects Formed on ENEPIG Surface Finish
Creators: name: Pearl, Adam Timothy
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: ENEPIG
subject: Reliability
subject: Solder Interconnects

description: Surface finishes for copper on printed wiring boards play an important role in the reliability of electrical interconnects.  Electroless Nickel/Electroless Palladium/Immersion Gold (ENEPIG), developed in the mid-1990s to alleviate the "black-pad" problem created by Electroless Nickel/Immersion Gold (ENIG) surface finish, has gained interest for critical system applications.  This thesis investigates the effect of palladium layer thickness and extended isothermal aging on the reliability of both tin-lead and tin silver copper solder interconnects under temperature cycling, vibration cycling, and drop loading conditions.  Chip array ball grid array (CABGA) packages soldered onto ENEPIG-finished PCBs are subjected to the three previously listed conditions.  Reliability and failure analyses are conducted to determine the overall effect of palladium layer thickness and isothermal aging on the reliability of these solder interconnects.
Single-particle spectral function for the classical one-component plasma
Creators: name: Fortmann, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectral function for an electron one-component plasma is calculated self-consistently using the GW0 approximation for the single-particle self-energy. In this way, correlation effects which go beyond the mean-field description of the plasma are contained, i.e. the collisional damping of single-particle states, the dynamical screening of the interaction and the appearance of collective plasma modes. Secondly, a novel non-perturbative analytic solution for the on-shell GW0 self-energy as a function of momentum is presented. It reproduces the numerical data for the spectral function with a relative error of less than 10% in the regime where the Debye screening parameter is smaller than the inverse Bohr radius, kappa<1/a_B. In the limit of low density, the non-perturbative self-energy behaves as n^(1/4), whereas a perturbation expansion leads to the unphysical result of a density independent self-energy [W. Fennel and H. P. Wilfer, Ann. Phys. Lpz._32_, 265 (1974)]. The derived expression will greatly facilitate the calculation of observables in correlated plasmas (transport properties, equation of state) that need the spectral function as an input quantity. This is demonstrated for the shift of the chemical potential, which is computed from the analytical formulae and compared to the GW0-result. At a plasma temperature of 100 eV and densities below 10^21 cm^-3, both approaches deviate less than 10% from each other.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E v2: added section V (application of presented formalism to chemical potential of the OCP)
Parity nonconservation in dielectronic recombination of multiply charged ions
Creators: name: Kozlov, M G
name: Gribakin, G F
name: Currell, F J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a parity nonconserving (PNC) asymmetry in the cross section of dielectronic recombination of polarized electrons on multiply charged ions with Z>40. This effect is strongly enhanced for close doubly-excited states of opposite parity in the intermediate compound ion. Such states are known for He-like ions. However, these levels have large energy and large radiative widths which hampers observation of the PNC asymmetry. We argue that accidentally degenerate states of the more complex ions may be more suitable for the corresponding experiment.
description: Talk at International Workshop on Atomic & Nuclear Cross Disciplinary Physics, Shanghai, June 2006
A personal library system
Creators: name: Kehler, Eric Gregory
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis reports a novel implementation of a library catalogue. The catalogue is designed as a three level hierarchy designed to capture the published structure of knowledge. A fourth level exists which links the bibliographic data of the top three levels to the actual physical copies of the described item. The catalogue is implemented on a micro-computer to provide a convenient method that small libraries could utilize as an on-line catalogue system. The limitations of the micro coupled with the rigorous demands of a library made the choice of storage structures a major issue of the implementation. The use of Prefix B-trees and Bit maps in the catalogue index are discussed in detail.
A new semilocal convergence theorem for the Weierstrass method from data at one point
Creators: name: Proinov, Petko D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65H05

description: In this paper we present a new semilocal convergence theorem from data at one point for the Weierstrass iterative method for the simultaneous computation of polynomial zeros. The main result generalizes and improves all previous ones in this area.
description: 8 pages
Orbitronics: Orbital Currents in Solids
Creators: name: Go, Dongwook
name: Jo, Daegeun
name: Lee, Hyun-Woo
name: Kläui, Mathias
name: Mokrousov, Yuriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In solids, electronic Bloch states are formed by atomic orbitals. While it is natural to expect that orbital composition and information about Bloch states can be manipulated and transported, in analogy to the spin degree of freedom extensively studied in past decades, it has been assumed that orbital quenching by the crystal field prevents significant dynamics of orbital degrees of freedom. However, recent studies reveal that an orbital current, given by the flow of electrons with a finite orbital angular momentum, can be electrically generated and transported in wide classes of materials despite the effect of orbital quenching in the ground state. Orbital currents also play a fundamental role in the mechanisms of other transport phenomena such as spin Hall effect and valley Hall effect. Most importantly, it has been proposed that orbital currents can be used to induce magnetization dynamics, which is one of the most pivotal and explored aspects of magnetism. Here, we give an overview of recent progress and the current status of research on orbital currents. We review proposed physical mechanisms for generating orbital currents and discuss candidate materials where orbital currents are manifest. We review recent experiments on orbital current generation and transport and discuss various experimental methods to quantify this elusive object at the heart of $orbitronics$ $-$ an area which exploits the orbital degree of freedom as an information carrier in solid-state devices.
description: Invited article from EPL Perspective
Promonhystera papilla Huang & Xu 2024, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Huang, Mian
name: Xu, Kuidong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Monhysterida
Xyalidae
Promonhystera
Promonhystera papilla

description: Promonhystera papilla sp. nov.
(Figures 1–2, Table 1)
Type material. Holotype: one male on slide Sanya 01, Paratypes: two males and one juvenile on slide Baimajing 04.
Type locality and habitat. Holotype sampled in sublittoral of Sanya City, Hainan Province (19°54′09″N, 109°31′44″E), water depth about 5 m, muddy sediment and 0–2 cm section in the corer. Paratypes sampled in the intertidal zone of Baimajing, Hainan Province (19°57′46″N 110°25′48″E), muddy sediment and 0–2 cm section in the corer.
Etymology. The Latin adjective papilla refers to the distinct feature which males have: papilliform supplements.
description: Published as part of Huang, Mian & Xu, Kuidong, 2024, Two new species of Promonhystera Wieser, 1956 (Nematoda: Monhysterida: Xyalidae) from the South China Sea, pp. 130-140 in Zootaxa 5399 (2) on page 134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5399.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/10494007
The Pristine survey XIV: chemical analysis of two ultra-metal-poor stars
Creators: name: Lardo, C.
name: Mashonkina, L.
name: Jablonka, P.
name: Bonifacio, P.
name: Caffau, E.
name: Aguado, D. S.
name: Hernández, J. I. González
name: Sestito, F.
name: Kielty, C. L.
name: Venn, K. A.
name: Hill, V.
name: Starkenburg, E.
name: Martin, N. F.
name: Sitnova, T.
name: Arentsen, A.
name: Carlberg, R. G.
name: Navarro, J. F.
name: Kordopatis, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elemental abundances of the most metal-poor stars reflect the conditions in the early Galaxy and the properties of the first stars. We present a spectroscopic follow-up of two ultra metal-poor stars ([Fe/H]
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Shoikhet's Conjecture and Duflo Isomorphism on (Co)Invariants
Creators: name: Calaque, Damien
name: Rossi, Carlo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we prove a conjecture of B. Shoikhet. This conjecture states that the tangent isomorphism on homology, between the Poisson homology associated to a Poisson structure on $\mathbb{R}^d$ and the Hochschild homology of its quantized star-product algebra, is an isomorphism of modules over the (isomorphic) respective cohomology algebras. As a consequence, we obtain a version of the Duflo isomorphism on coinvariants.
description: This is a contribution to the Special Issue on Deformation Quantization, published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
CASCADE3 A Monte Carlo event generator based on TMDs
Creators: name: Baranov, Serguei
name: Bermudez Martinez, Armando
name: Estevez Banos, Luis Ignacio
name: Guzman Martinez, Fernando
name: Hautmann, Francesco
name: Jung, Hannes
name: Lelek, Aleksandra
name: Lidrych, Jindrich
name: Lipatov, Artem
name: Malyshev, Maxim
name: Mendizabal Morentin, Mikel
name: Taheri Monfared, Sara
name: Van Kampen, Aron Mees
name: Wang, Qun
name: Yang, Heng
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: * Automatic Keywords *
parton: showers
parton: density
parton: distribution function
transverse momentum: factorization
factorization: collinear
Monte Carlo
hadronization
transverse momentum dependence
initial state
kinematics
off-shell

description: The CASCADE3 Monte Carlo event generator based on Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) parton densities is described. Hard processes which are generated in collinear factorization with LO multileg or NLO parton level generators are extended by adding transverse momenta to the initial partons according to TMD densities and applying dedicated TMD parton showers and hadronization. Processes with off-shell kinematics within $k_t$-factorization, either internally implemented or from external packages via LHE files, can be processed for parton showering and hadronization. The initial state parton shower is tied to the TMD parton distribution, with all parameters fixed by the TMD distribution.
Revisiting maximal average fidelity of teleportation
Creators: name: Bussandri, D. G.
name: Portesi, M.
name: Majtey, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the maximal average fidelity corresponding to the standard quantum teleportation protocol for an arbitrary isotropic distribution of input states and an arbitrary resource state. We extend this result to a family of von Neumann measurements, which includes the projections onto the computational and Bell basis, considering a Bell-diagonal resource state. We focus on three specific isotropic distributions of input states: 1) completely mixed input states, 2) states with a certain (fixed) degree of purity, and 3) quasi-pure input states. We show that the standard quantum teleportation protocol can teleport arbitrary mixed states with higher average fidelity than its classical counterpart even when the resource of the protocol is a non-entangled state, specifically, a separable Werner state. Moreover, we find that the maximum average fidelity obtained with classical-quantum states used as a resource in a standard teleportation protocol also exceeds the classical fidelity. To establish the role played by the presence or absence of quantum correlations in the resource state and their relation with the correlations present in the von Neumann measurement performed by Alice, we analyze in detail the case of Bell diagonal resource states employing a family of monoparametric basis for which both the Bell and the computational (non-correlated) basis are included. Only in the case where the basis on which Alice measures is completely uncorrelated (computational basis) the maximum average fidelity does not exceed the classical fidelity for any resource state. In all other cases, the maximum average fidelity exceeds the classical one for a certain range of parameters describing the resource state, evidencing the importance of the correlations present in the measurements.