cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chandra Localizations and Spectra of INTEGRAL Sources in the Galactic Plane
Creators: name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Chaty, Sylvain
name: Rodriguez, Jerome
name: Walter, Roland
name: Kaaret, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results of observations of hard X-ray sources in the Galactic plane with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The hard X-ray IGR sources were discovered by the INTEGRAL satellite, and the goals of the Chandra observations are to provide sub-arcsecond localizations to obtain optical and infrared counterparts and to provide constraints on their 0.3-10 keV spectra. We obtained relatively short, ~5 ks, observations for 20 IGR sources and find a bright Chandra source in INTEGRAL error circles in 12 cases. In 11 of these cases, a cross-correlation with optical and/or infrared source catalogs yields a counterpart, and the range of J-band magnitudes is 8.1-16.4. Also, in 4 cases, the Chandra X-ray spectra show evidence for absorbing material surrounding the compact object with a column density of local material in excess of 5x10^22 cm^-2. We confirm that IGR J00234+6141 is a Cataclysmic Variable and IGR J14515-5542 is an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN). We also confirm that IGR J06074+2205, IGR J10101-5645, IGR J11305-6256, and IGR J17200-3116 are High Mass X-ray Binaries (HMXBs). Our results (along with follow-up optical spectroscopy reported elsewhere) indicate that IGR J11435-6109 is an HMXB and IGR J18259-0706 is an AGN. We find that IGR J09026-4812, IGR J18214-1318, and IGR J18325-0756 may be HMXBs. In cases where we do not find a Chandra counterpart, the flux upper limits place interesting constraints on the luminosities of black hole and neutron star X-ray transients in quiescence.
description: Accepted by ApJ
Deflection of light by a Coulomb charge in Born-Infeld electrodynamics
Creators: name: Kim, Jin Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the propagation of light under a strong electric field in Born-Infeld electrrdynamics. The nonlinear effect can be described by the effective indices of refraction. Because the effective indices of refraction depend on the background electric field, the path of light can be bent when the background field is non-uniform. We compute the bending angle of light by a Born-Infeld-type Coulomb charge in the weak lensing limit using the trajectory equation based on geometric optics. We also compute the deflection angle of light by the Einstein-Born-Infeld black hole using the geodesic equation and confirm that the contribution of the electric charge to the total bending angle agree.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Non-equilibrium dynamics of finite-dimensional disordered systems : RG flow towards an "infinite disorder" fixed point at large times
Creators: name: Monthus, Cecile
name: Garel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To describe the non-equilibrium dynamics of random systems, we have recently introduced (C. Monthus and T. Garel, arxiv:0802.2502) a 'strong disorder renormalization' (RG) procedure in configuration space that can be defined for any master equation. In the present paper, we analyze in details the properties of the large time dynamics whenever the RG flow is towards some "infinite disorder" fixed point, where the width of the renormalized barriers distribution grows indefinitely upon iteration. In particular, we show how the strong disorder RG rules can be then simplified while keeping their asymptotic exactness, because the preferred exit channel out of a given renormalized valley typically dominates asymptotically over the other exit channels. We explain why the present approach is an explicit construction in favor of the droplet scaling picture where the dynamics is governed by the logarithmic growth of the coherence length $l(t) \sim (\ln t)^{1/ψ}$, and where the statistics of barriers corresponds to a very strong hierarchy of valleys within valleys. As an example of application, we have followed numerically the RG flow for the case of a directed polymer in a two-dimensional random medium. The full RG rules are used to check that the RG flow is towards some infinite disorder fixed point, whereas the simplified RG rules allow to study bigger sizes and to estimate the barrier exponent $ψ$ of the fixed point.
description: v2=final version
Elementos para una propuesta de regulación de los servicios Over The Top en Colombia VS la televisión tradicional
Creators: name: Rodríguez Durán, Binllely María
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materiales audiovisuales - Estudios de caso
subject: Televisión - Legislación
subject: Innovaciones tecnológicas
subject: Servicios Over The Top
subject: Televisión tradicional
subject: Regulación normativa
subject: Consumo audiovisual
subject: Protección al usuario

description: En esta investigación, se realiza un recorrido por la historia de la televisión en Colombia desde sus inicios en 1954. Posteriormente, se examina la entrada de los Servicios Over The Top (OTT) en el mercado nacional, evaluando las ventajas y desventajas de ambos servicios. Se enfatiza la flexibilidad y agilidad de los OTT en comparación con la televisión tradicional, subrayando la ausencia de regulación en los primeros. Es por esta razón que se propone un cambio normativo con el objetivo de nivelar las condiciones entre ambos tipos de servicios. Se resalta el estudio llevado a cabo por la Comisión de Regulación de Comunicaciones (CRC), el cual revela un cambio en las preferencias de los consumidores, evidenciando un aumento en la suscripción a plataformas OTT y una reducción en el consumo de televisión tradicional. La estructura de la tesis se presenta de manera detallada, dividiéndose en capítulos que abordan el marco teórico, aspectos normativos, un marco contextual con antecedentes y los resultados de la investigación. El propósito es proporcionar elementos para diseñar propuestas de regulación normativa que promuevan la equidad entre la televisión tradicional y los servicios OTT en Colombia, considerando aspectos como la protección al consumidor y la sostenibilidad del sector audiovisual.
description: In this research, a tour is made of the history of television in Colombia since its beginnings in 1954. The entry of Over The Top Services (OTT) into the domestic market is then examined, evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of both services. It emphasizes the flexibility and agility of the OTT compared to traditional television, underlining the absence of regulation in the former. It is for this reason that a regulatory change is proposed with the aim of leveling the conditions between both types of services. The study carried out by the Communications Regulatory Commission (CRC) is noteworthy, which reveals a change in consumer preferences, evidencing an increase in subscriptions to OTT platforms and a reduction in traditional television consumption. The structure of the thesis is presented in detail, divided into chapters that address the theoretical framework, normative aspects, a contextual framework with background and research results. The purpose is to provide elements to design regulatory proposals that promote equity between traditional television and OTT services in Colombia, considering aspects such as consumer protection and the sustainability of the audiovisual sector.
Experimental Violation of Bell's Inequality in Spatial-Parity Space
Creators: name: Yarnall, Timothy
name: Abouraddy, Ayman F.
name: Saleh, Bahaa E. A.
name: Teich, Malvin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first experimental violation of Bell's inequality in the spatial domain using the Einstein--Podolsky--Rosen state. Two-photon states generated via optical spontaneous parametric downconversion are shown to be entangled in the parity of their one-dimensional transverse spatial profile. Superpositions of Bell states are prepared by manipulation of the optical pump's transverse spatial parity--a classical parameter. The Bell-operator measurements are made possible by devising simple optical arrangements that perform rotations in the one-dimensional spatial-parity space of each photon of an entangled pair and projective measurements onto a basis of even--odd functions. A Bell-operator value of 2.389 +- 0.016 is recorded, a violation of the inequality by more than 24 standard deviations.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 Table
Cosmology with Planck T-E correlation coefficient
Creators: name: La Posta, Adrien
name: Louis, Thibaut
name: Garrido, Xavier
name: Tristram, Matthieu
name: Henrot-Versillé, Sophie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensions in cosmological parameters measurement motivate a revisit of the effects of instrumental systematics. In this article, we focus on the Pearson's correlation coefficient of the cosmic microwave background temperature and polarization E modes $\mathcal{R}_\ell^{\rm TE}$ which has the property of not being biased by multiplicative instrumental systematics. We build a $\mathcal{R}_\ell^{\rm TE}$-based likelihood for the Planck data, and present the first constraints on $Λ$CDM parameters from the correlation coefficient. Our results are compatible with parameters derived from a power spectra based likelihood. In particular the value of the Hubble parameter $H_0$ characterizing the expansion of the Universe today, 67.5 $\pm$ 1.3 km/s/Mpc, is consistent with the ones inferred from standard CMB analysis. We also discuss the consistency of the Planck correlation coefficient with the one computed from the most recent ACTPol power spectra.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Constitutional parliamentarism in Europe, 1800–2019
Creators: name: Cheibub, José Antonio
name: Rasch, Bjørn Erik
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: This paper analyses the institutions associated with government termination in parliamentary systems: no-confidence and confidence motions, and the early dissolution of the parliament. We consider constitutional texts for all European countries between 1800 and 2019 and identify two broad trends: (1) the constitutionalisation of practices that have first emerged as the result of strategic interactions between the government and the parliament; (2) the tendency towards protecting both the executive and the parliament from mutual interference. While the first tendency has culminated with an almost universal constitutionalisation of the principle of parliamentarism in European constitutions, the second led to the protection of executives and the extension of effective legislative terms. We suggest that these constitutional developments are associated with the stabilisation of parliamentarism after World War II and conclude that although parliamentarism remains a flexible system, contemporary regimes do not function like their forebears did in the 19th century.
Impurity Effects of Aerogel in Superfluid $^{3}$He
Creators: name: Halperin, W. P.
name: Choi, H.
name: Davis, J. P.
name: Pollanen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of superfluid $^{3}$He in high porosity silica aerogels, and subsequent experimental and theoretical work, have led to a better general understanding of quasiparticle scattering from impurities in unconventional pairing systems. It is immensely helpful for understanding impurity effects in the case of superfluid $^{3}$He that the structure of its order parameter is well-established. An overview of impurity effects is presented with emphasis on those experiments which have a quantitative interpretation in terms of theoretical models for homogeneous and inhomogeneous scattering. The latter can account successfully for most experimental results.
description: Review Article, 16 pages, 20 figures
Acción de grupo por incumplimiento – sistemático – del asegurador en los seguros sanitarios y/o de prestaciones sanitarias
Creators: name: Ramos Álvarez, David Alejandro
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicina - Legislación
subject: Reclamaciones -Estudios de caso
subject: Planificación de la salud
subject: Seguro médico
subject: Seguro sanitario
subject: Incumplimiento sistemático de obligaciones
subject: Acción de grupo
subject: Reclamación e indemnización de grupo

description: Este trabajo busca demostrar que existe una posibilidad de promover acciones de grupo en contra de aseguradores cuando éstos emiten pólizas de salud con características particulares, y dichas prestaciones debidas son incumplidas en un modo sistemático; a través de tres ejes temáticos: i) La estructuración de los tipos de seguros de salud y la identificación de las prestaciones sanitarias como elemento de cobertura. Ello, para identificar las distintas prestaciones debidas y observar la especial protección por su doble condición de consumidor de seguro y de paciente. ii) La identificación y teorización en cuanto al incumplimiento sistemático como mecanismo de incumplir obligaciones por parte del asegurador. En esta vía se detalla el origen y fundamento de identificar el incumplimiento sistemático desde el derecho comparado y colombiano ; y, en últimas, cómo ha de identificarse un incumplimiento sistemático en las prestaciones a las que está obligado un asegurador en ocasión de un seguro sanitario o con prestaciones sanitarias; pudiendo determinar factores que permitan hacer un test de sistematización. iii) Identificar el incumplimiento sistemático como elemento que genere viabilidad para promover acciones de grupo en contra de aseguradores.
description: This paper seeks to demonstrate that there is a possibility of promoting group actions (class actions) against insurers when they issue health policies with particular characteristics, and these benefits are systematically breached; through three thematic axes: 1. The structuring of the types of health insurance and the identification of health benefits as an element of coverage. This, in order to identify the different benefits due and observe the special protection due to their dual status as insurance consumer and patient. 2. Identification and theorization of systematic non-compliance as a mechanism for breaches by the insurer. This section details the origin and basis of identifying systematic breaches from comparative and Colombian law; and, finally, how a systematic breach of the benefits to which an insurer is obliged in the context of health insurance or with health benefits is to be identified; being able to determine factors that may allow a systematization test to be carried out. 3. Identify systematic non-compliance as an element that generates viability to promote group actions against insurers.
ISRU Implications for Lunar and Martian Plume Effects
Creators: name: Metzger, Philip T.
name: Li, Xiaoyi
name: Immer, Christopher D.
name: Lane, John E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments, analyses, and simulations have shown that the engine exhaust plume of a Mars lander large enough for human spaceflight will create a deep crater in the martian soil, blowing ejecta to approximately 1 km distance, damaging the bottom of the lander with high-momentum rock impacts, and possibly tilting the lander as the excavated hole collapses to become a broad residual crater upon engine cutoff. Because of this, we deem that we will not have adequate safety margins to land humans on Mars unless we robotically stabilize the soil to form in situ landing pads prior to the mission. It will take a significant amount of time working in a harsh off-planet environment to develop and certify the new technologies and procedures for in situ landing pad construction. The only place to reasonably accomplish this is on the Moon.
description: 19 pages, 17 figures
Plastic response of a 2D amorphous solid to quasi-static shear : I - Transverse particle diffusion and phenomenology of dissipative events
Creators: name: Lemaître, Anaël
name: Caroli, Christiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform extensive simulations of a 2D LJ glass subjected to quasi-static shear deformation at T=0. We analyze the distribution of non-affine displacements in terms of contributions of plastic, irreversible events, and elastic, reversible motions. From this, we extract information about correlations between plastic events and about the elastic non-affine noise. Moreover, we find that non-affine motion is essentially diffusive, with a clearly size-dependent diffusion constant. These results, supplemented by close inspection of the evolving patterns of the non-affine tangent displacement field, lead us to propose a phenomenology of plasticity in such amorphous media. It can be schematized in terms of elastic loading and irreversible flips of small, randomly located shear transformation zones, elastically coupled via their quadrupolar fields.
La responsabilidad civil en los seguros obligatorios en Colombia : análisis del seguro de transporte público de pasajeros contenido en los decretos ley 170 y 171 de 2001
Creators: name: Luna Barajas, César Augusto
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Responsabilidad contractual - Legislación
subject: Responsabilidad civil - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Seguros de responsabilidad civil - Colombia
subject: Contrato de transporte público de pasajeros
subject: Seguros obligatorios
subject: Responsabilidad civil
subject: Acción civil
subject: Reparación de perjuicios

description: El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal analizar si los perjuicios sufridos por los familiares de la víctima en casos de accidentes de transporte público de pasajeros en Colombia estarían cubiertos por los seguros obligatorios de responsabilidad civil contratados por las empresas de transporte. Para ello, se realizará una investigación estructurada que abarcará diferentes aspectos relacionados con la responsabilidad civil, los contratos de transporte, los seguros obligatorios y la jurisprudencia relevante. Se identificarán las fuentes y obligaciones que sustentan la reparación de los perjuicios, se revisarán los contratos de transporte y las disposiciones normativas aplicables, y se analizará la protección ofrecida por los seguros obligatorios. Además, se abordará un importante planteamiento jurídico sobre la acción procesal de responsabilidad civil extracontractual y se examinará su relación con los seguros obligatorios. El estudio busca contribuir al debate académico y proporcionar perspectivas para mejorar la protección de los afectados en casos de accidentes de transporte público de pasajeros.
description: The main objective of this work is to analyze whether the damages suffered by the relatives of the victim in cases of public passenger transportation accidents in Colombia would be covered by the compulsory civil liability insurance contracted by transportation companies. For this purpose, a structured investigation will be conducted covering different aspects related to civil liability, transportation contracts, compulsory insurance, and relevant jurisprudence. The sources and obligations supporting the compensation for damages will be identified, transportation contracts and applicable regulatory provisions will be reviewed, and the protection offered by compulsory insurance will be analyzed. Additionally, an important legal consideration regarding the procedural action of extra-contractual civil liability will be addressed, and its relationship with compulsory insurance will be examined. The study seeks to contribute to the academic debate and provide perspectives to enhance the protection of those affected in cases of public passenger transportation accidents.
Strategic briefing note on data challenges (Deliverable 7.6)
Creators: name: Esteve, Albert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Strategic futuring and advancement of the Research Infrastructure within the frame of the InGRID-2 project has been investigated and debated in WP7 of the project. In order to facilitate this strategic briefing note, reports of gaps in the research infrastructures in CEE and Southeast Europe were prepared and accompanying roadmaps of improvement were composed. Starting from a users’ needs survey, three strategic briefing notes are drafted on data challenges, on methodological challenges, and on policy challenges and indicator-building. The current report provides a summary on data challenges.
Highly Heterogeneous Polarization and Solvation of Gold Nanoparticles in Aqueous Electrolytes
Creators: name: Li, Zhujie
name: Ruiz, Victor G.
name: Kanduč, Matej
name: Dzubiella, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The performance of gold nanoparticles (NPs) in applications depends critically on the structure of the NP-solvent interface, at which the electrostatic surface polarization is one of the key characteristics that affects hydration, ionic adsorption, and electrochemical reactions. Here, we demonstrate significant effects of explicit metal polarizability on the solvation and electrostatic properties of bare gold NPs in aqueous electrolyte solutions of sodium salts of various anions (Cl$^-$, BF$_4$$^-$, PF$_6$$^-$, Nip$^-$(nitrophenolate), and 3- and 4-valent hexacyanoferrate (HCF)), using classical molecular dynamics simulations with a polarizable core-shell model of the gold atoms. We find considerable spatial heterogeneity of the polarization and electrostatic potentials on the NP surface, mediated by a highly facet-dependent structuring of the interfacial water molecules. Moreover, ion-specific, facet-dependent ion adsorption leads to large alterations of the interfacial polarization. Compared to non-polarizable NPs, polarizability modifies water local dipole densities only slightly, but has substantial effects on the electrostatic surface potentials, and leads to significant lateral redistributions of ions on the NP surface. Besides, interfacial polarization effects on the individual monovalent ions cancel out in the far field, and effective Debye-Hückel surface potentials remain essentially unaffected, as anticipated from continuum `image-charge' concepts. Hence, the explicit charge response of metal NPs is crucial for the accurate description and interpretation of interfacial electrostatics (as, e.g., for charge transfer and interface polarization in catalysis and electrochemistry).
The need for and role of good indicators and valorisation, Strategic briefing on linking with policy innovation (Deliverable 7.8)
Creators: name: Gábos, András
name: Tóth, István György
name: Besamusca, Janna
name: Steinmetz, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Strategic futuring and advancement of the research infrastructure within the frame of the InGRID-2 project has been investigated and debated in WP7 of the project. In order to facilitate this strategic briefing note, reports of gaps in the research infrastructures in CEE and Southeast Europe were prepared and accompanying roadmaps of improvement were composed. Starting from a users’ needs survey (reported in D7.5. of the project), three strategic briefing notes are drafted on data challenges (D7.6), on methodological challenges (D7.7), and on policy challenges and indicator-building (D7.8). The current report provides a summary on linking with policy innovation. In what follows, the need for good Indicators to inform policymaking is highlighted in Section 1. Then, in Section 2 we explain how the InGRID-2 project has tried to develop key indicators in the areas of work and social policy. Within this, we highlight two cases that were key elements of indicator development throughout the INGRID project: the work on the Integrated Poverty and Living Conditions Indicator System (IPOLIS) and the work on the institutional characteristics of trade unions, wage setting, state intervention and social pacts (ICTWSS) database. Section 3 finally presents some overall reflections.
title: Die Lupe: Jahrgang 1, 1925, Nr. 8, 8. April 1925
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Verlag Die Lupe
Year: 1925
Subjects: subject: Bestände des Stadtarchivs Braunschweig
subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Kunst- und Kulturgeschichte
subject: 7

description: Die Lupe: Braunschweigische Wochenschrift für Theater, Musik, Kunst, Literatur, Film und Kabarett, vol. 1, no. 8
Forces influencing home economics curriculum change in British Columbia secondary schools 1912-1985
Creators: name: Thomas, Christie Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purposes of this study were to describe the changes that have occurred in home economics curricula in the province of British Columbia during the period 1912 - 1985, to identify the forces that have influenced these changes and to determine the role of home economics professionals in this process of curriculum change. Documents concerning the six major home economics curriculum revisions were analyzed using Cuban's (1979) four curricular determinants: social, political and economic movements; political-legal decisions; influential groups; and influential individuals. Four major changes in the home economics curriculum were noted. These included an expansion of the central focus on concerns of the home and family to include vocationalism in the workplace and community interaction; expansion and contraction in the educational relevance and status of home economics education; the evolution of home economics as a course of study for females to one which is coeducational; and changes in the format of the curriculum documents. The major determinants found to influence these changes were broad social, political and economic movements, especially trends in educational philosophy. There were other movements, such as social movements and changes in economic conditions, which also had an impact. The major secondary force influencing curriculum change was political-legal decisions. These decisions defined the nature of education and of intended curriculum change and determined the process of curriculum change. While both groups and individuals have had an influence on the home economics curriculum through advocacy and/or implementation of educational policies, these efforts have been subject to potential veto by the Department (Ministry) of Education. As bureaucratization in education in B.C. has increased, there was an apparent decline in the influence of individuals. In this study, B.C. home economics professionals assumed a role in the process of home economics curriculum change through making recommendations, implementing educational policy and in some cases, mediating educational policy. The influence of home economics professionals has been as individuals or as members of groups rather than as policy-makers. Some suggestions for further study have been made.
A very cool brown dwarf in UKIDSS DR1
Creators: name: Warren, S. J.
name: Mortlock, D. J.
name: Leggett, S. K.
name: Pinfield, D. J.
name: Homeier, D.
name: Dye, S.
name: Jameson, R. F.
name: Lodieu, N.
name: Lucas, P. W.
name: Adamson, A. J.
name: Allard, F.
name: Navascues, D. Barrado y
name: Casali, M.
name: Chiu, K.
name: Hambly, N. C.
name: Hewett, P. C.
name: Hirst, P.
name: Irwin, M. J.
name: Lawrence, A.
name: Liu, M. C.
name: Martin, E. L.
name: Smart, R. L.
name: Valdivielso, L.
name: Venemans, B. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) We report the discovery of a very cool brown dwarf, ULAS J003402.77-005206.7 (ULAS J0034-00), identified in UKIDSS DR1. We provide optical, near-infrared, and mid-infrared photometry of the source, and two near-infrared spectra. Comparing the spectral energy distribution of ULAS J0034-00 to that of the T8 brown dwarf 2MASS J0415-09, the latest-type and coolest well-studied brown dwarf to date, with Teff~750 K, we find evidence that ULAS J0034-00 is significantly cooler. First, the measured values of the near-infrared absorption spectral indices imply a later classification, of T8.5. Second, the H-[4.49] colour provides an empirical estimate of the temperature of 540
description: To appear in MNRAS
De Sitter scalar-spinor interaction in Minkowski limit
Creators: name: Ahmadi, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 81T20

description: The scalar-spinor interaction Lagrangian is presented by the Yukawa potential. In dS ambient space formalism, the interaction Lagrangian of scalar-spinor fields was obtained from a new transformation which is very similar to the guage theory. The interaction of massless minimally coupled scalar and spinor fields was investigated. The Minkowski limit of the massless minimally coupled scalar field and massive spinor field interaction in the ambient space formalism of de Sitter space time is calculated. The interaction Lagrangian and massless minimally coupled scalar field in the null curvature limit become zero and the local transformation in the null curvature limit become a constant phase transformation and the interaction in this limit become zero. The covariant derivative reduces to ordinary derivative too. Then we conclude that this interaction is due to the curvature of space time and then the massless minimally coupled scalar field may be a part of a gravitational field.
description: 5 pages
Realizing and Detecting the Haldane's Quantum Hall effect with Ultracold Atoms
Creators: name: Shao, L. B.
name: Zhu, Shi-Liang
name: Sheng, L.
name: Xing, D. Y.
name: Wang, Z. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We design an ingenious scheme to realize the Haldane's quantum Hall model without Landau level by using ultracold atoms trapped in an optical lattice. Three standing-wave laser beams are used to construct a wanted honeycomb lattice, where different on-site energies in two sublattices required in the Haldane's model can be implemented through tuning the phase of one of the laser beams. The staggered magnetic field is generated from the Berry phase associated with the atom moving in a region with other three standing-wave laser beams. Moreover, we establish a relation between the Hall conductivity and the equilibrium atomic density upon turning on a stimulated uniform magnetic field, which enables us to detect the topological Chern number with the density profile measurement technique that is typically used in ultracold atoms experiments.
description: 5 pages
Quantum Hall effect induced by chiral Landau levels in topological semimetal films
Creators: name: Nguyen, D. -H. -Minh
name: Kobayashi, Koji
name: Wichmann, Jan-Erik R.
name: Nomura, Kentaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent transport experiments, we theoretically study the quantum Hall effect in topological semimetal films. Owing to the confinement effect, the bulk subbands originating from the chiral Landau levels establish energy gaps that have quantized Hall conductance and can be observed in relatively thick films. We find that the quantum Hall state is strongly anisotropic for different confinement directions not only due to the presence of the surface states but also because of the bulk chiral Landau levels. As a result, we re-examine the quantum Hall effect from the surface Fermi arcs and chiral modes in Weyl semimetals and give a more general view into this problem. Besides, we also find that when a topological Dirac semimetal is confined in its rotational symmetry axis, it hosts both quantum Hall and quantum spin Hall states, in which the helical edge states are protected by the conservation of the spin-$z$ component.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Profitability Analysis in Stock Investment Using an LSTM-Based Deep Learning Model
Creators: name: Sen, Jaydip
name: Dutta, Abhishek
name: Mehtab, Sidra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Designing robust systems for precise prediction of future prices of stocks has always been considered a very challenging research problem. Even more challenging is to build a system for constructing an optimum portfolio of stocks based on the forecasted future stock prices. We present a deep learning-based regression model built on a long-and-short-term memory network (LSTM) network that automatically scraps the web and extracts historical stock prices based on a stock's ticker name for a specified pair of start and end dates, and forecasts the future stock prices. We deploy the model on 75 significant stocks chosen from 15 critical sectors of the Indian stock market. For each of the stocks, the model is evaluated for its forecast accuracy. Moreover, the predicted values of the stock prices are used as the basis for investment decisions, and the returns on the investments are computed. Extensive results are presented on the performance of the model. The analysis of the results demonstrates the efficacy and effectiveness of the system and enables us to compare the profitability of the sectors from the point of view of the investors in the stock market.
description: This is the accepted version of our paper in the Second IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies (IEEE INCET 2021) which will be organized in Belgaum, Karnataka, INDIA from May 21 to May 23, 2021. The paper is eight pages long, and has fifteen tables and fourteen figures. This is not the final version of the paper
Alex Gould in Uniform
Creators: name: Terry, H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1870
Subjects: East Hampton
Photographs
Cabinet photographs
Military uniforms
Civil War, 1861-1865
Portrait photographs
Portraits

description: This image shows Alex Gould seated for a portrait and dressed in military uniform, presumably Civil War era. This photograph is part of a collection of photographs found in the ceiling of 140A Main Street, now 138, in East Hampton in 1970. This collection was donated by Joan Osborne in April 1995.
The development of childrens' personal landmarks : an indication of spatial awareness
Creators: name: White, Janet Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study examines one of the major periods of geographical exploration and learning, that is, in childhood. Such exploration and learning can occur in and around the home or in the local neighbourhood. Children and adults need to know about a place within their own environment. Different landmarks may have significant affective potential, and over time they themselves could be subject to developmental change. The purpose of this study is, therefore, to determine which landmarks primary children recognize spontaneously and know and use in their local environment. In this way they can, perhaps, locate themselves in a comples world. A child's development of spatial concepts is related to the framework in which images are received. The basic research tool was that of a sample of twenty children, approximately seven years of age, who were individually shown a series of colour photographs and asked to identify the landmark or environmental feature. In a second part of the study, children mapped perceptions of the routes they followed to school. Each child was asked to indicate on a map the relevant landmarks they observed en route. Scores were obtained for both tasks and compared. In the conclusion, the results are discussed in an attempt to determine the degree of spatial competence within the local environment gained by an ability to identify landmarks. Consideration is also given to the question of whether such competence is a skill that could, or should, be taught to young children within the normal process of education.
Another Proof of $e^{x/y}$ being irrational
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sourangshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J72 (Primary) 11J70, 11A55 (Secondary)

description: Continued fractions are used to give an alternate proof of $e^{x/y}$ is irrational.
description: Accepted in The Mathematical Gazette[ISSN: 0025-5572 (Print), 2056-6328 (Online)], To appear in November 2022
Image Denoising Inspired by Quantum Many-Body physics
Creators: name: Dutta, Sayantan
name: Basarab, Adrian
name: Georgeot, Bertrand
name: Kouamé, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Decomposing an image through Fourier, DCT or wavelet transforms is still a common approach in digital image processing, in number of applications such as denoising. In this context, data-driven dictionaries and in particular exploiting the redundancy withing patches extracted from one or several images allowed important improvements. This paper proposes an original idea of constructing such an image-dependent basis inspired by the principles of quantum many-body physics. The similarity between two image patches is introduced in the formalism through a term akin to interaction terms in quantum mechanics. The main contribution of the paper is thus to introduce this original way of exploiting quantum many-body ideas in image processing, which opens interesting perspectives in image denoising. The potential of the proposed adaptive decomposition is illustrated through image denoising in presence of additive white Gaussian noise, but the method can be used for other types of noise such as image-dependent noise as well. Finally, the results show that our method achieves comparable or slightly better results than existing approaches.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Identifying and monitoring vulnerable groups in the European Union Labour Force Survey 2018, Explanatory note including the STATA-do-files and the R-code (Deliverable 13.1)
Creators: name: Steinmetz, Stephanie ,
name: Nohlen, Noble
name: Bertarelli, Gaia
name: Giusti, Caterina
name: Pratesi, Monica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The aim of this paper is twofold: first it shows how the identification of seven vulnerable labour market groups in the 2018 European Union Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS) is possible. These groups include age, gender identity, sexual orientation, single parenthood, migration (ethnicity, nationality, and migration status), religion, and disability. Second, it presents a study on how statistically reliable indicators can be obtained for a selection of those identified vulnerable groups. For the first identification part, the exercise showed that the sample size of the vulnerable group is largely dependent on the operationalisation utilised. Several of the vulnerable groups included straightforward definitions that are widely agreed on and correspond well with items in the EU-LFS. For other groups, such as disability and migrant status, the sample size varied widely based on operationalisation used to identify respondents. Age and gender identity all provide for straightforward identification with sizeable sample sizes. Sexual orientation was limited to same-sex couples living in the same household, which faced additional restrictions like anonymisation and limited detailed household data. Identification of single parenthood depended on the age cut off for children in the household, as the EU-LFS defines a dependent child in a way that deviates from research norms. Identifying disability and migrant status also provided difficult as there is not a single operationalisation for either and identification has to be done indirectly. There was no measurement for religion. Additionally, we find issues with removing duplicate responses from the EU-LFS as repeat sampling varies at the country level and there are no consistent identifiers for both household and individuals in all countries In the second part, the use of Small Area Estimation methods was proved to be useful for obtaining reliable estimates of some selected vulnerable groups indicators based on the EU-LFS 2018 data.
Optical Morphologies of Millijansky Radio Galaxies Observed by HST and in the VLA FIRST Survey
Creators: name: Russell, J.
name: Ryan,, R. E.
name: Cohen, S. H.
name: Windhorst, R. A.
name: Waddington, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a statistical study of the 51 radio galaxies at the millijansky flux level from the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty centimeters, including their optical morphologies and structure obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope. Our optical imaging is significantly deeper (~2 mag) than previous studies with the superior angular resolution of space-based imaging. We that find 8/51 (16%) of the radio sources have no optically identifiable counterpart to AB~24 mag. For the remaining 43 sources, only 25 are sufficiently resolved in the HST images to reliably assign a visual classification: 15 (60%) are elliptical galaxies, 2 (8%) are late-type spiral galaxies, 1 (4%) is an S0, 3 (12%) are point-like objects (quasars), and 4 (16%) are merger systems. We find a similar distribution of optical types with measurements of the Sersic index. The optical magnitude distribution of these galaxies peaks at I~20.7+-0.5 AB mag, which is ~3 mag brighter than the depth of our typical HST field and is thus not due to the WFPC2 detection limit. This supports the luminosity-dependent density evolutionary model, where the majority of faint radio galaxies typically have L*-optical luminosities and a median redshift of z~0.8 with a relatively abrupt redshift cut-off at z>~2. We discuss our results in the context of the evolution of elliptical galaxies and active galactic nuclei.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, 51 galaxy images, and 5 tables. Uses emulateapj.cls and natbib.sty. Accepted to ApJS. High resolution images are available upon request
Bose-Einstein Quantum Statistics and the Ground State of Solid 4He
Creators: name: Cazorla, C.
name: Astrakharchik, G. E.
name: Casulleras, J.
name: Boronat, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state of solid $^4$He is studied using the diffusion Monte Carlo method and a new trial wave function able to describe the supersolid. The new wave function is symmetric under the exchange of particles and reproduces the experimental equation of state. Results for the one-body density matrix show the existence of off-diagonal long-range order with a very small condensate fraction $\sim 10^{-4}$. The superfluid density of the commensurate system is below our resolution threshold, $ρ_s/ρ< 10^{-5}$. With a 1% concentration of vacancies the superfluid density is manifestly larger, $ρ_s/ρ=3.2(1) \cdot 10^{-3}$.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
A Metric for Gradient RG Flow of the Worldsheet Sigma Model Beyond First Order
Creators: name: Oliynyk, T.
name: Suneeta, V.
name: Woolgar, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Tseytlin has recently proposed that an action functional exists whose gradient generates to all orders in perturbation theory the Renormalization Group (RG) flow of the target space metric in the worldsheet sigma model. The gradient is defined with respect to a metric on the space of coupling constants which is explicitly known only to leading order in perturbation theory, but at that order is positive semi-definite, as follows from Perelman's work on the Ricci flow. This gives rise to a monotonicity formula for the flow which is expected to fail only if the beta function perturbation series fails to converge, which can happen if curvatures or their derivatives grow large. We test the validity of the monotonicity formula at next-to-leading order in perturbation theory by explicitly computing the second-order terms in the metric on the space of coupling constants. At this order, this metric is found not to be positive semi-definite. In situations where this might spoil monotonicity, derivatives of curvature become large enough for higher order perturbative corrections to be significant.
description: 15 pages; Erroneous sentence in footnote 14 removed; this version therefore supersedes the published version (our thanks to Dezhong Chen for the correction)
In vivo investigation of the multi-exponential T2 decay in human white matter at 7T: Implications for myelin water imaging at UHF
Creators: name: Wiggermann, Vanessa
name: MacKay, Alex
name: Rauscher, Alexander
name: Helms, Gunther
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Multicomponent T2-mapping using a gradient and spin-echo (GraSE) acquisition has become standard for myelin water imaging at 3T. Higher magnetic field strengths promise SNR benefits but face specific absorption rate limits and shortened T2 times. This study investigates compartmental T2 times in vivo and addresses advantages and challenges of multi-component T2-mapping at 7T. We acquired 3D multi-echo GraSE data in seven healthy adults at 7T, with three subjects scanned also at 3T. Stimulated echoes arising from B+1 inhomogeneities were accounted for by the extended phase graph (EPG) algorithm. We used the computed T2 distributions to determine T2 times that identify different water pools and assessed signal-to-noise and fit-to-noise characteristics of the signal estimation. We compared short T2 fractions and T2 properties of the intermediate water pool at 3T and 7T. Flip angle mapping confirmed that EPG accurately determined the larger inhomogeneity at 7T. Multi-component T2 analysis demonstrated shortened T2 times at 7T compared to 3T. Fit-to-noise and signal-to-noise ratios were improved at 7T but depended on B1 homogeneity. Lowering the shortest T2 to 8 ms and adjusting the T2 threshold that separates different water compartments to 20 ms, yielded short T2 fractions at 7T that conformed to 3T data. Short T2 fractions in myelin-rich white matter regions were lower at 7T than at 3T, and higher in iron-rich structures. Adjusting the T2 compartment boundaries was required due to the shorter T2 relaxation times at 7T. Shorter echo spacing would better sample the fast decaying signal but would increase peripheral nerve stimulation. We used a multi-echo 3D-GraSE sequence to characterize the multi-exponential T2 decay at 7T. We adapted T2 parameters for evaluation of the short T2 fraction. Obtained 7T multicomponent T2-maps were in good agreement with 3T data.
description: reformatted submitted version: 6 pages, 5 figures, 2 supplements