cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
FL-GUARD: A Holistic Framework for Run-Time Detection and Recovery of Negative Federated Learning
Creators: name: Lin, Hong
name: Shou, Lidan
name: Chen, Ke
name: Chen, Gang
name: Wu, Sai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning (FL) is a promising approach for learning a model from data distributed on massive clients without exposing data privacy. It works effectively in the ideal federation where clients share homogeneous data distribution and learning behavior. However, FL may fail to function appropriately when the federation is not ideal, amid an unhealthy state called Negative Federated Learning (NFL), in which most clients gain no benefit from participating in FL. Many studies have tried to address NFL. However, their solutions either (1) predetermine to prevent NFL in the entire learning life-cycle or (2) tackle NFL in the aftermath of numerous learning rounds. Thus, they either (1) indiscriminately incur extra costs even if FL can perform well without such costs or (2) waste numerous learning rounds. Additionally, none of the previous work takes into account the clients who may be unwilling/unable to follow the proposed NFL solutions when using those solutions to upgrade an FL system in use. This paper introduces FL-GUARD, a holistic framework that can be employed on any FL system for tackling NFL in a run-time paradigm. That is, to dynamically detect NFL at the early stage (tens of rounds) of learning and then to activate recovery measures when necessary. Specifically, we devise a cost-effective NFL detection mechanism, which relies on an estimation of performance gain on clients. Only when NFL is detected, we activate the NFL recovery process, in which each client learns in parallel an adapted model when training the global model. Extensive experiment results confirm the effectiveness of FL-GUARD in detecting NFL and recovering from NFL to a healthy learning state. We also show that FL-GUARD is compatible with previous NFL solutions and robust against clients unwilling/unable to take any recovery measures.
Panorpa Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Mecoptera
Panorpidae
Panorpa

description: Panorpa [gen. nov.]
Rostrum corneum, cylindricum: palpis ...
Antennae thorace longiores.
Cauda maris chelata.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 551, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
A hybrid exchange density functional study of anatase TiO2 surfaces for applications in solar hydrogen production
Creators: name: Sanches, Frederico
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: The observation of photocatalytic water splitting on the surface of anatase TiO2 crystals has stimulated many investigations of the underlying processes. Nevertheless, a molecular level understanding of the reaction is not available. Therefore, the work carried out here is focused on improving the understanding of the water splitting mechanism by studying anatase TiO2 surfaces with hybrid-exchange density functional theory calculations. Initially, a simple and systematic methodology for the simulation of constant current scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) images is developed in order to study TiO2 surfaces. The methodology has to overcome a significant limitation of local basis set calculations: the poor description of the charge density in the vacuum region above the surface. The methodology is tested on various surfaces and the simulated STM images are found to accurately reproduce experimental data. The next step was to re-establish the atomistic structures of the (101), (001) and (100) surfaces. The relative stability of these surfaces is interpreted in terms of the coordination of the surface ions and the geometry surrounding them. Furthermore, the electronic properties are studied. Based on relative positions of the conduction and valence bands of the low-index surfaces studied the (101) and (001) surfaces were identified as the most likely destinations for photo-generated electrons and holes, respectively. The atomistic structure of two surfaces vicinal to the (101) surface – the (514) and (516) surfaces – was established. The surface formation energy of these surfaces is low and the (516) surface contributes significantly (27%) to the surface area of an equilibrium crystallite, which could suggest that this surface is exposed in nanoparticles. The conduction band edge of this surface was computed to be more negative than that of the (101) surface. Thus, if the (516) surface is exposed in nanostructures, it would replace the (101) surface as the most likely destination for photo-generated electrons. Under-coordinated ions at the steps of these vicinal surfaces were identified as preferential adsorption sites and water adsorption was studied at these sites. In general, it was found that water preferentially adsorbs in the molecular adsorption mode on all sites tested, with the exception of the Ti4c on the (514) surface, where the dissociative mode is preferred. Nevertheless, at the (516) step the binding energy of the dissociative adsorption mode is comparable to that of the molecular case. Therefore, if it were possible to preferentially expose the Ti5c-O2c-Ti5c motif from the (516) surface, or even the Ti4c of the (514) surface the reactivity for water photolysis could be enhanced.
Machine learning-based robotic design
Creators: name: Zou, Xiyue
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: This work aims to develop a framework toward a machine learning-based robotic design algorithm, which employs Compositional Pattern Producing Networks plus NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies (CPPN + NEAT) to optimize the design of mechanical components in a robot. Unlike conventional optimization algorithms, this algorithm can consider the impact of each pixel in a part design on the robot instead of using pre-determined design variables. The algorithm includes four steps. First, generate the geometry of a component in a robot by activating its CPPN networks. Second, employ multiple rules to determine if the geometry meets the requirements of the robot. Third, test the robot with the designed component in the robot simulator Gazebo. Finally, employ the NEAT algorithm to evolve the CPPN networks according to the simulation results. This algorithm has the potential to optimize the robotic design or the mechanical design of a structure in the future. This work focused on designing a fin-based amphibious robot, accompanied by numerical analysis of a pitching paddle, dynamic modeling of the robot, and machine learning algorithms. The objective of the case study is to optimize the robot’s body. We employ finite element methods to study the hydrodynamic forces of pitching paddles in 2D, then apply the forces to the robot in the simulator. We also create look-up tables to approximate the hydrodynamic forces of the robot’s body with different shapes. To generate a practical design, we use multiple rules to restrict the geometry of the body. A case study shows the detailed procedure of the optimization and proves the feasibility of the algorithm.
Optimisation and characterisation of alternative hole transporting media of dye-sensitised solar cells and stability study of perovskite solar cells
Creators: name: Law, Chun Hung
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) are regarded as a possible alternative to silicon-based photovoltaics because of their potential for low-cost production. The processing of two alternative hole transport media, one for liquid-state DSSCs and the other for solid-state DSSCs is studied in this thesis. Also, research interest in methyl ammonium lead iodide perovskite solar cells has been increasing quickly. This thesis also reports some preliminary studies on the stability of TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells. Water is not commonly used as a solvent in liquid electrolyte DSSCs, but there are many reasons to re-examine water, ranging from cost advantage to fundamental science. The first part of the thesis addresses the wetting and recombination issues of water-based DSSCs. DSSCs using only water as the solvent and guanidinium iodide/iodine as the redox couple have been fabricated and they operate at 4% energy efficiency under 1-sun illumination. The second part of this thesis studies melt-processing of hole transport materials. This technique overcomes the problem of poor pore filling which is commonly observed in solid-state dye-sensitised solar cells. It is found that the low efficiency of melt-processed DSSCs is due to the heat applied during the melting process which causes a decrease in recombination lifetime. Solid-state DSSCs made with melt-processed spiro-OMeTAD are shown, with a maximum efficiency of 0.45 %. Stability of TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells is examined in the third part of the thesis. Most literature in the perovskite solar cells focuses on the efficiency of devices, with little attention being paid to stability. A TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3 solar cell has been exposed to 40 sun-equivalent constant illumination for 63 hours (which delivers over 2700 hours equivalent of 1 sun photo-excitations). The loss in the cell’s Jsc was only 7 %, however the loss in Voc was 190 mV (24 %) at 1 sun.
Ti substitution mechanisms in hibonite and the determination of Ti3+/Ti4+ by X-ray absorption spectroscopy for use as an oxybarometer with application to early Solar System processes
Creators: name: Doyle, Patricia Mary
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: Quantitative determination of element species is crucial for understanding geological processes, particularly changing redox conditions. As Ti3+ is stable under very reducing conditions, Ti3+/Ti4+ oxybarometers are suitable for investigating early Solar System processes. The systematics of Ti3+/Ti4+ in Ti-bearing CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 (Ti-CMAS) glasses and both synthetic and meteoritic hibonite (Ca(Al,Ti,Mg)12O19) were investigated using X-ray absorption spectromicroscopy techniques. For this purpose suites of synthetic samples with 0-100% Ti3+/ΣTi (where ΣTi = Ti3+ + Ti4+) were prepared in a 1 atm gas mixing furnace. The samples were characterised by electron microscopy, and when relevant, by X-ray diffraction and neutron powder diffraction (NPD). The crystal structure of hibonite has five distinct Al sites onto which Ti may substitute. Structural refinements of NPD data using the Rietveld refinement method were used to determine Ti3+ and Ti4+ site occupancy in hibonite. Ti3+ was found to occupy the M4 octahedral site, whereas Ti4+ partitions between the M2 trigonal bipyramidal site and the M4 octahedral site. For hibonite with <1 Ti per formula unit Ti4+ partitions between the M2 and M4 site in a roughly constant ratio of 1:4.3, irrespective of the Ti3+ content. Ti K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra were collected from Ti-CMAS glasses and both synthetic and meteoritic hibonite. Ti3+/Ti4+ oxybarometers were developed using the synthetic samples, and the Ti3+/Ti4+ K-edge oxybarometer was used to quantify Ti3+/ΣTi within hibonite from six different meteorites. Ti3+ hibonite was found in CAIs from the Acfer094 (unique), El Djouf001 (CR2), Murchison (CM2) and NWA1476 (R3) meteorites, whereas hibonite within CAIs from the NWA2446 (R3) and Hughes030 (R3-6) meteorites were Ti3+ poor. Furthermore, the Ti3+/ΣTi varied within hibonite grains in CAIs from Acfer094 and El Djouf001. The presence of Ti3+ within hibonite in CAIs with no alteration minerals, or those that only experienced low temperature alteration, suggests they formed and/or were reprocessed under very reducing conditions (
Effects of overexpressing wild-type and variant Rad52 on homologous recombination in human cells
Creators: name: Hong, Julia Mai-Ling
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: Mitotic homologous recombination (HR) stabilises the genome by repairing harmful double stranded DNA (dsDNA) breaks. Rad52 promotes the annealing of complementary DNA strands and binds to Rad51 suggesting that Rad52 acts in both strand invasion (SI) and single strand annealing (SSA) HR pathways. Overexpression of Rad52 in mammalian cells can greatly stimulate HR, but the degree of stimulation varies widely between studies and inhibitory effects have also been described. The in vivo roles for Rad52 in mammalian cells are thus poorly understood as is the potential of using Rad52 as a tool to promote genome engineering methods [i.e. gene targeting (GT)]. Here I have systematically compared the effects of overexpressing wild-type (wt) and mutant Rad52 proteins on cell viability and various HR assays in human cells. Mutants were designed to test the potential involvement of defined domains/residues in any such effects. Human Rad52 (hRad52) and its derivatives negatively affected cell viability and proliferation which correlated with the presence of C-terminal residues 331-418, rather than, as expected, the Rad51 binding domain which limited inhibitory effects. Negative effects with yeast Rad52 (scRad52) were not observed. Consistent with previous findings, hRad52 inhibited GT, however, this was converted to a stimulatory effect when residues 331-418 were removed. When single stranded oligonucleotide (ssO) templates were used for GT, both hRad52 and its derivatives were stimulatory. These results are consistent with SI and SSA models for dsDNA- and ssO-mediated GT, respectively, and suggest that residues 331-418 cause a dominant-negative effect on SI and their removal promotes the strand annealing activity of the N-terminal domain. ScRad52 stimulated and inhibited GT with ds and ss templates, respectively. Altogether, these results provide the first evidence that truncated forms of hRad52 may serve as useful tools for promoting GT using both ds and ss DNA templates in human cells.
Euclidean vs. non-Euclidean Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Tavani, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We classify gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) according to their observed durations and physical properties of their spectra. We find that long/hard bursts (of duration T_90 > 2.5 s, and typical photon energy E_p > 0.8 MeV corresponding to BATSE's energy fluence hardness H^e_{32} > 3) show the strongest deviation from the three-dimensional Euclidean brightness distribution. The majority of GRBs, i.e., short bursts (T_90 < 2.5 s) and long/soft bursts (with T_90 > 2.5 s, and H^e_{32} < 3) show little, if any, deviations from the Euclidean distribution. These results contradict the prediction of simple extragalactic GRB models that the most distant bursts should be the most affected by cosmological energy redshift and time-dilation (long/soft GRBs). The strongly non-Euclidean GRB subclass has very hard spectra of typical photon energy above 1 MeV, i.e., outside the ideal energy range for optimal detection by BATSE. We discuss possible explanations of this puzzling feature of GRBs.
description: 15 pages, LATEX text plus two postscript figures included. Submitted to ApJ Letters on November 24, 1997. Accepted on February 13, 1998
Additional file 1 of PFKP deubiquitination and stabilization by USP5 activate aerobic glycolysis to promote triple-negative breast cancer progression
Creators: name: Peng, Zi-Mei
name: Han, Xiao-Jian
name: Wang, Tao
name: Li, Jian-Jun
name: Yang, Chun-Xi
name: Tou, Fang-Fang
name: Zhang, Zhen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Information of PFKP deubiquitination and stabilization by USP5 activate aerobic glycolysis to promote triple-negative breast cancer progression, Figures S1–S4 and Table S1.
Renormalizability of Quantum Gravity near Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Kawai, H.
name: Kitazawa, Y.
name: Ninomiya, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the renormalizability of quantum gravity near two dimensions. Our formalism starts with the tree action which is invariant under the volume preserving diffeomorphism. We identify the BRS invariance which originates from the full diffeomorphism invariance. We study the Ward-Takahashi identities to determine the general structure of the counter terms. We prove to all orders that the counter terms can be supplied by the coupling and the wave function renormalization of the tree action. The bare action can be constructed to be the Einstein action form which ensures the full diffeomorphism invariance.
description: 26 pages, Latex file, No figures
Comprehensive numerical modeling of filamentary RRAM devices including voltage ramp-rate and cycle-to-cycle variations
Creators: name: Niraula, Dipesh
name: Karpov, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equilibrium ON and OFF states of resistive random access memory (RRAM) are due to formation and destruction of a conducting filament. The laws of thermodynamics dictate that these states correspond to the minimum of free energy. Here, we develop a numerical model that, through the minimization of free energy at a given voltage, determines the filament parameters and thus the electric current. Overall, it simulates the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of RRAM. The model describes mutual transformations of RRAM states through SET (ON to OFF) and RESET (OFF to ON) processes. From the modeling perspectives, these states and processes constitute four programming modules constructed here in COMSOL Multiphysics software tackling the electrodynamic and heat transfer equations and yielding RRAM energy and I-V. Our modeling uniquely reproduces the observed I-V varying with voltage ramp-rates. That is achieved by accounting for the ramp-rate dependent activation energy of conduction. The underlying mechanism is due to the deformation interaction caused by the double well atomic potentials universally present in amorphous materials and having exponentially broad distribution of relaxation times. As another unique feature, our modeling reproduces the observed cycle-to-cycle variations of RRAM parameters attributed to the lack of self-averaging in small ensembles of double well potentials and electronic states in geometrically small (nano-size) RRAM structures.
description: 14 figures, 16 pages
Theory of Gamma-Ray Burst Emission in Light of BSAX Results
Creators: name: Tavani, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly discuss the theoretical implications of recent detections of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) by BSAX. Relativistic shock wave theories of fireball expansion are challenged by the wealth of X-ray, optical and radio data obtained after the discovery of the first X-ray GRB afterglow. BSAX data contribute to address several issues concerning the initial and afterglow GRB emission. The observations also raise many questions that are still unsolved. The synchrotron shock model is in very good agreement with time-resolved broad-band spectra (2-500 keV) for the majority of GRBs detected by BSAX.
description: 8 pages, LATEX text plus two postscript figures included. To appear in the Proceedings of the Accademia dei Lincei Symposium: "The Active X-ray Sky: Results from Beppo-SAX and Rossi-XTE", Nuclear Physics B Proceedings Supplement, eds. L. Scarsi et al
MOESM1 of Reduced Skin Blistering in Experimental Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita After Anti-TNF Treatment
Creators: name: Hirose, Misa
name: Kasprick, Anika
name: Beltsiou, Foteini
name: Dieckhoff, Katharina
name: Schulze, Franziska
name: Samavedam, Unni
name: Hundt, Jennifer
name: Pas, Hendri
name: Jonkman, Marcel
name: Schmidt, Enno
name: Kalies, Kathrin
name: Zillikens, Detlef
name: Ludwig, Ralf
name: Bieber, Katja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Reduced Skin Blistering in Experimental Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita After Anti-TNF Treatment
Observation of squeezed light in the 2 $\mathrm{μm}$ region
Creators: name: Mansell, Georgia L.
name: McRae, Terry G.
name: Altin, Paul A.
name: Yap, Min Jet
name: Ward, Robert L.
name: Slagmolen, Bram J. J.
name: Shaddock, Daniel A.
name: McClelland, David E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the generation and detection of squeezed light in the 2 $\mathrm{μm}$ wavelength region. This experiment is a crucial step in realising the quantum noise reduction techniques that will be required for future generations of gravitational-wave detectors. Squeezed vacuum is generated via degenerate optical parametric oscillation from a periodically-poled potassium titanyl phosphate crystal, in a dual resonant cavity. The experiment uses a frequency stabilised 1984 nm thulium fibre laser, and squeezing is detected using balanced homodyne detection with extended InGaAs photodiodes. We have measured $4.0 \pm 0.1$ dB of squeezing and $10.5 \pm 0.5$ dB of anti-squeezing relative to the shot noise level in the audio frequency band, limited by photodiode quantum efficiency. The inferred squeezing level directly after the optical parametric oscillator, after accounting for known losses and phase noise, is 10.7 dB.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VIII, Cart. 192 (11 H 77), 295 folios, f. 0201v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VIII, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 192 (11 H 77), 295 folios, f. 0201v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VIII, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 192 (11 H 77), 295 folios, f. 0201v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Additional file 1: of Determinants of having no general practitioner in Germany and the influence of a migration background: results of the German health interview and examination survey for adults (DEGS1)
Creators: name: Tillmann, Judith
name: Marie-Therese Puth
name: Frank, Laura
name: Weckbecker, Klaus
name: Klaschik, Manuela
name: Münster, Eva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Study population: having no GP with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) estimated from logistic regression stratified by gender (DEGS1) – complete case analysis (n = 7111). Results of the complete case analysis (n = 7111) (DOCX 22 kb)
The geochemistry of part of the Fiskenaesset Anorthosite complex, West Greenland
Creators: name: Hutt, David K.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 1974

description: The region of Qaqat Akulerit lies 60 km. to the east of Fiskenaesset, West Greenland. The region contains several outcrops of the Fiskenaesset anorthosite complex, an association of Archaean metamorphosed and deformed stratiform igneous rocks. Parts of this complex retain their original stratigraphy, and many original chemical features have been preserved,. Detailed field mapping of the region shows that two distinct types of anorthosite can be recognised* The first is very similar to the horizons of the anorthosite complex at Fiskenaesset, and is believed to be a direct continuation of those horizons. The second type differs structurally and lithologically from the first type; it forms linear horizons which have a wide range in lithology, whereas the first type occurs as massive bodies which have restricted lithological variations. 130 whole rock and 75 mineral analyses demonstrate that there are marked geochemical differences between the two types of anorthosite, and show that primary differentiation trends are preserved despite the fact that many of the rocks have been strongly deformed and migmatised. The first anorthosite type has a differentiation trend almost identical to that of the anorthosite horizons at Fiskenaesset, while the second type has an unusual trend characterised by a slight iron depletion upwards. This contrasts strongly with the differentiation of well-known stratiform intrusions which normally show fairly strong iron enrichment upwards. Detailed examination of the whole-rock and mineral chemistry shows that within the first type fractionation was controlled by plagioclase accompanied by clinopyroxene and amphibole. Crystallisation processes were similar in the leucocratic parts of the second type, but within a rhythmically layered mafic unit olivine, orthopyroxene and magnetite were the first phases to precipitate, A high water pressure or P are envisaged for the formation of 2 both types of anorthosite, with the exception of the rhythmically layered unit. This is thought to have crystallised under locally anhydrous conditions, which may have become hydrated soon after crystallisation. The chemical and mineralogical differences between the two types are ascribed to differences in original bulk chemical composition. Both types are believed to have been derived from different parts of a common ancestral magma, and both were intruded under essentially similar conditions.
Panorpa communis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Mecoptera
Panorpidae
Panorpa
Panorpa communis

description: Panorpa communis [spec. nov.]
P. alis aequalibus nigro maculatis.
Fn. svec. 729. Panorpa.
Aldr. ins. 386. f. 8, 9. & 387. f. 5, 6. Musca scorpiura.
Frisch. ins. 9. p. 29. t. 14. f. 1. Scorpio Musca.
Mouff. ins. 62. f. 3. 4.
Reaum. ins. 4. t. 8. f. 9.
Habitat in Europa.
Mas cauda chelifera; femina inermi.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 551, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
A percent-level determination of the nucleon axial coupling from Quantum Chromodynamics
Creators: name: Chang, Chia Cheng
name: Nicholson, Amy
name: Rinaldi, Enrico
name: Berkowitz, Evan
name: Garron, Nicolas
name: Brantley, David A.
name: Monge-Camacho, Henry
name: Monahan, Christopher J.
name: Bouchard, Chris
name: Clark, M. A.
name: Joó, Bálint
name: Kurth, Thorsten
name: Orginos, Kostas
name: Vranas, Pavlos
name: Walker-Loud, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $\textit{axial coupling of the nucleon}$, $g_A$, is the strength of its coupling to the $\textit{weak}$ axial current of the Standard Model of particle physics, in much the same way as the electric charge is the strength of the coupling to the electromagnetic current. This axial coupling dictates the rate at which neutrons decay to protons, the strength of the attractive long-range force between nucleons and other features of nuclear physics. Precision tests of the Standard Model in nuclear environments require a quantitative understanding of nuclear physics rooted in Quantum Chromodynamics, a pillar of the Standard Model. The prominence of $g_A$ makes it a benchmark quantity to determine theoretically - a difficult task because quantum chromodynamics is non-perturbative, precluding known analytical methods. Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics provides a rigorous, non-perturbative definition of quantum chromodynamics that can be implemented numerically. It has been estimated that a precision of two percent would be possible by 2020 if two challenges are overcome: contamination of $g_A$ from excited states must be controlled in the calculations and statistical precision must be improved markedly. Here we report a calculation of $g_A^{QCD} = 1.271\pm0.013$, using an unconventional method inspired by the Feynman-Hellmann theorem that overcomes these challenges.
description: Published in Nature. 46 pages total: Main text 4 pages, Extended Data 8 pages, Supplemental 34 pages. Supporting data and code at https://github.com/callat-qcd/project_gA or https://zenodo.org/record/1241374
Gepner-like Description of a String Theory on a Noncompact Singular Calabi-Yau Manifold
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a Gepner-like superstring model described by a combination of multiple minimal models and an N=2 Liouville theory. This model is thought to be equivalent to the superstring theory on a singular noncompact Calabi-Yau manifold. We construct the modular invariant partition function of this model, and confirm the validity of an appropriate GSO projection. We also calculate the elliptic genus and Witten index of the model. We find that the elliptic genus factorises into a rather trivial factor and a non-trivial one, and the non-trivial one has the information on the positively curved base manifold of the cone.
description: 22 pages, LaTeX, amsmath package, no figures. Corrected typos
Sintor alternus Frieser 2000
Creators: name: Trýzna, Miloš
name: Baňař, Petr
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Anthribidae
Sintor
Sintor alternus

description: Sintor alternus Frieser, 2000
(Fig. 68)
Sintor alternus Frieser, 2000: 24
Type locality. Eastern Madagascar, Moramanga env.
Type material. Holotype ♂: ‘ Madagascar / Tamatave distr. / Moramanga env. / 24.ii.–1.iii.1995 / Ivo Jeniš leg. [p] // HOLOTYPE [red card, p] // Sintor / alternus sp.n. / Holotypus ♂ [h] / det. R. Frieser [p] 2000 [h]’ (ZSMC); Allotype ♀: same data as holotype but 21.–24.xii.1995 (ZSMC); Paratypes (1 ♂, 2 ♀♀): 1 ♂: same data as holotype (Fig. 68); 1 ♀: same data as holotype but 14.–18.xii.1995; 1 ♀: Madagascar C., Moramanga env., 10.–18.xii.1997, P. Pacholátko leg. (all in MTDC).
Distribution. Central: Moramanga.
description: Published as part of Trýzna, Miloš & Baňař, Petr, 2025, Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in Malagasy species of Anhelita Jordan, Lemurisintor Frieser and Sintor Schoenherr (Anthribidae: Coleoptera), pp. 301-325 in Zootaxa 5621 (3) on page 310, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5621.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/15262745
Additional file 1: of Air and waterborne microbiome of a pharmaceutical plant provide insights on spatiotemporal variations and community resilience after disturbance
Creators: name: Pacchioni, Filippo
name: Esposito, Alfonso
name: Giacobazzi, Elisabetta
name: Bettua, Clotilde
name: Struffi, Paolo
name: Jousson, Olivier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S1. Prevalence of OTUs classified at the Order (a, for water samples) and Class (b, for air samples) levels. (PDF 502 kb)
Effect of Operating Conditions on Product Distributions and Bio-oil Ageing in Biomass Pyrolysis
Creators: name: Somrang, Yatika
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: Alternatives to petroleum-derived fuels are receiving significant interest in order to reduce dependence on finite resources of fossil fuels and to lower fossil-derived CO2 emissions. The present study addresses the production of bio-oil from biomass pyrolysis, one of the potential renewable substitutes to petroleum-derived fuels. The first objective of this work was to investigate the effect of pyrolysis operating parameters, i.e. temperature, heating rate and pyrolysis time, on product distributions in a wire-mesh reactor (WMR) which was designed to minimise secondary reactions. It has been found that high heating rate promotes melting of biomass and this facilitates volatile ejection, thereby resulting in high yield of large bio-oil molecules and high combustion reactivity of residual char. Maximum bio-oil yield is obtained at 500 °C for both rice husk and beech wood whereas a relatively low pyrolysis temperature, e.g. 350 °C, does not allow complete pyrolysis to take place. Chars produced from long holding time and high temperature tests show a decrease in the TGA combustion reactivity which is due to thermal annealing. The comparison between bio-oils obtained from the WMR and Gray-King retort demonstrates the impact of reactor configuration on the variation of bio-oil properties. The unstable nature of bio-oils provided the second objective of this work. The ageing behaviour of bio-oil and the use of organic solvents to improve the bio-oil properties have been investigated. Polymerisation plays a key role in bio-oil ageing and is enhanced by high temperature. Only slight changes in functional groups have been observed by 13C-NMR and FT-IR. UV-F results suggest that phenolic resin formation is one of the polymerisation reactions occurring during bio-oil ageing. With the addition of methanol and acetone to bio-oil, the extent of polymerisation decreases and NMR results indicate the formation of hemiacetals/acetals.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Seine (XIIIe siècle), Cart. 165 (10 H 6, ms. 139), 354 pages, f. 0118
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2009
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Seine (XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 165 (10 H 6, ms. 139), 354 pages, f. 0118, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Seine (XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 165 (10 H 6, ms. 139), 354 pages, f. 0118, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Saint-Seine
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2820709
Additional file 1 of Dual-targeting nanomedicine achieves synergistic multimodal therapy for tumor
Creators: name: Zhang, Weidong
name: Dai, Liang
name: Wang, Na
name: Liu, Yunhe
name: Hao, Zining
name: He, Yaqian
name: Ni, Song
name: Wang, Yimin
name: Gao, Dawei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. XRD of PDA-DOX- Fe3O4@M. Figure S2. Uptake of PDA-DOX-Fe3O4@M by HeLa cells at different treatment times. Figure S3. Survival curve of mice with different treatments
Oral history interview with Morris Janowitz 1984
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociologists
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Military education
subject: Patriotism
subject: Public schools

description: discussion of projects at University of Chicago sponsored by the Spencer Foundation including a study of the education of the military and a project on the value of sociology; other topics covered are modern patriotism, comparison of educational and military systems, and the future of public education in the country.
Higher Derivatives and Canonical Formalisms
Creators: name: Nakamura, Takao
name: Hamamoto, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Path integral expressions for three canonical formalisms -- Ostrogradski's one, constrained one and generalized one -- of higher-derivative theories are given. For each fomalism we consider both nonsingular and singular cases. It is shown that three formalisms share the same path integral expressions. In paticular it is pointed out that the generalized canonical formalism is connected with the constrained one by a canonical transformation.
description: 13pages Latex file
The gas-phase metallicities of star-forming galaxies in aperture-matched SDSS samples follow potential rather than mass or average surface density
Creators: name: D'Eugenio, Francesco
name: Colless, Matthew
name: Groves, Brent
name: Bian, Fuyan
name: Barone, Tania M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comparative study of the relation between the aperture-based gas-phase metallicity and three structural parameters of star-forming galaxies: mass ($\mathrm{M \equiv M_*}$), average potential ($Φ\equiv \mathrm{M_*/R_e}$) and average surface mass density ($Σ\equiv \mathrm{M_*/R_e^2}$; where $\mathrm{R_e}$ is the effective radius). We use a volume-limited sample drawn from the publicly available SDSS DR7, and base our analysis on aperture-matched sampling by selecting sets of galaxies where the SDSS fibre probes a fixed fraction of $\mathrm{R_e}$. We find that between 0.5 and 1.5 $\mathrm{R_e}$, the gas-phase metallicity correlates more tightly with $Φ$ than with either $\mathrm{M}$ or $Σ$, in that for all aperture-matched samples, the potential-metallicity relation has (i) less scatter, (ii) higher Spearman rank correlation coefficient and (iii) less residual trend with $\mathrm{R_e}$ than either the mass-metallicity relation and the average surface density-metallicity relation. Our result is broadly consistent with the current models of gas enrichment and metal loss. However, a more natural explanation for our findings is a local relation between the gas-phase metallicity and escape velocity.
description: Accepted by MNRAS; 17 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
Oral history interview with Morris O. Roberts 1974
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Executives
Containers
Factory management

description: Salmon canning, Pacific Northwest, 1919-1922; employed by Continental Can, Seattle, 1929; California plants; San Francisco: manager of production planning, 1934; collapsed cans, organization of inventory control of tinplate; expansion of Continental Can; World War II; tinplate under purchasing department.
The range of masses and periods explored by radial velocity searches for planetary companions
Creators: name: Nelson, A. F.
name: Angel, J. R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we develop an analytical expression relating the sensitivity to a periodic signal to the duration and accuracy of a given set of data. The effects of windowing are explored, and also the sensitivity to periods longer than the total length of observations. As specific examples, we outline the performance of our technique on large amplitude and large eccentricity radial velocity signals recently discussed in the literature and we delineate the region explored by the measurements of 14 single stars made over a twelve year period by Walker et al. (1995). Had any of these stars shown motion like that caused by the exo-planets recently detected, it would have been easily detected. Finally, we suggest an observing strategy for future large radial velocity surveys which, if implemented, will allow coverage of the largest range of parameter space with the smallest amount of observing time per star. We suggest that about 10-15 measurements be made of each star in the first two years of the survey, then 2--3 measurements per year thereafter, provided no (or slow) variation is observed. More frequent observations would of course be indicated if such variations were present.
description: 36 pages including 11 encapsulated figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Why Post-Starburst Galaxies are Now Quiescent
Creators: name: French, K. Decker
name: Zabludoff, Ann I.
name: Yoon, Ilsang
name: Shirley, Yancy
name: Yang, Yujin
name: Smercina, Adam
name: Smith, J. D.
name: Narayanan, Desika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Post-starburst or "E+A" galaxies are rapidly transitioning from star-forming to quiescence. While the current star formation rate of post-starbursts is already at the level of early type galaxies, we recently discovered that many have large CO-traced molecular gas reservoirs consistent with normal star forming galaxies. These observations raise the question of why these galaxies have such low star formation rates. Here we present an ALMA search for the denser gas traced by HCN (1--0) and HCO+ (1--0) in two CO-luminous, quiescent post-starburst galaxies. Intriguingly, we fail to detect either molecule. The upper limits are consistent with the low star formation rates and with early-type galaxies. The HCN/CO luminosity ratio upper limits are low compared to star-forming and even many early type galaxies. This implied low dense gas mass fraction explains the low star formation rates relative to the CO-traced molecular gas and suggests the state of the gas in post-starburst galaxies is unusual, with some mechanism inhibiting its collapse to denser states. We conclude that post-starbursts galaxies are now quiescent because little dense gas is available, in contrast to the significant CO-traced lower density gas reservoirs that still remain.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
Fermionic zero-norm states and enlarged supersymmetries of Type II string
Creators: name: Lee, Jen-Chi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the NS-R fermionic zero-norm states of type II string spectrum. The massless and some possible massive zero-norm states are identified to be responsible for the space-time supersymmetry. The existence of other fermionic massive zero-norm states with higher spinor-tensor indices correspond to new enlarged boson-fermion symmetries of the theory at high energy. We also discuss the R-R charges and R-R zero-norm states and justify that perturbative string does not carry the massless R-R charges. However, the existence of some massive R-R zero-norm states make us speculate that string may carry some massive R-R charges.
description: 13 pages
Metal-mediated intramolecular hydroamination and hydro(acy)alkoxylation reactions
Creators: name: Arbour, Jannine Louise
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: This PhD thesis describes work undertaken to effect asymmetric catalysis in hydroamination and hydro(acy)alkoxylation reactions of allenes. The introductory Chapter provides an overview of recent advances in asymmetric heterofunctionalisation reactions of allenes. This includes intra- and inter-molecular reactions involving C-N and C-O bond formations. Chapter 2 begins by comparing the preparation of a γ-allenic alcohol by two different synthetic routes and its subsequent use in intramolecular hydroalkoxylation reactions using copper(II) and silver(I) salts. From this study, the ability of silver diphosphine complexes to facilitate enantioselective hydroalkoxylation reactions in a 5-exo-trig fashion was discovered. Extensive reaction optimisation was undertaken, however only moderate ee’s and conversions were observed. In Chapter 3, the use of other metal Lewis acids to catalyse hydroalkoxylation reactions of γ-allenic alcohols is presented. DFT calculations undertaken by a colleague (Prof H. S. Rzepa) were used to rationalise the observed regioselectivities with silver(I), zinc(II), and tin(II) triflates. From DFT calculations, the metal counteranion was found to be intimately involved in the C-O bond formation. In the following two Chapters, the possibility of asymmetric synthesis by using chiral anionic ligands is discussed. In Chapter 4, additional γ-allenic alcohols and β-allenic acids were synthesised for intramolecular hydroalkoxylation or hydroacyalkoxylation reactions respectively. In Chapter 5, the respective γ-allenic amines were prepared for intramolecular hydroamination. In both cases, the outcome, scope and limitations of the reaction are discussed. In Chapter 6, an overall conclusion and future work is discussed. The last Chapter contains experimental procedures and characterisation data of all the compounds synthesised during the course of this project.