cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ενδοκλαδική ανάλυση εμπορίου ελαιολάδου και επιτραπέζιας ελιάς:
Creators: name: Ζουκίδου, Κονδυλία Θεόδωρος
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: Ενδοκλαδικό εμπόριο
Κάλυψη εισαγωγών
Εισαγωγική διείσδυση
Ανταγωνιστικότητα-εξειδίκευση
Intra industry trade
Grubel Lloyd
Coverage of imports
Import penetration
Net export index

description: Στην παρούσα ερευνητική εργασία γίνεται μια προσπάθεια ενδοκλαδικής ανάλυσης του εμπορίου του ελαιολάδου και της επιτραπέζιας ελιάς. Η εργασία περιλαμβάνει γενικά στοιχεία για το ελαιόλαδο και την επιτραπέζια ελιά καθώς και στατιστικά στοιχεία για την παραγωγή, την κατανάλωση και το εμπόριό τους. Επιπλέον, γίνεται αναφορά στην πολιτική της Ε.Ε. με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στο κοινοτικό καθεστώς μετά τη μεταρρύθμιση της ΚΑΠ το 2004 ενώ περιλαμβάνονται στοιχεία για τις εξαγωγές και τις εξελίξεις του ελαιολάδου στη διεθνή αγορά. Για την ενδοκλαδική ανάλυση του εμπορίου εκτιμήθηκαν οι δείκτες Grubel – Lloyd, Κάλυψης Εισαγωγών, Εισαγωγικής Διείσδυσης και Ανταγωνιστικότητας – Εξειδίκευσης προκειμένου να διαπιστωθούν το είδος και ο χαρακτήρας του εμπορίου ελαιολάδου και επιτραπέζιας ελιάς.
description: This research paper is an attempt for intra-industry analysis of trade in olive oil and table olives. The work includes general information about olive oil and table olives as well as statistics on production, consumption and trade. In addition, reference is made to EU policy with particular emphasis on the Community system since the reform of the CAP in 2004 and included data on exports and developments in the international oil market. For the analysis of intra-industry trade is used the following indicators: Grubel - Lloyd, Coverage of Imports, Import Penetration and Net Export Index in order to identify the type and nature of trade in oil and table olives.
Fluxes, compartmentation and metabolism of nitrate and ammonium in spruce roots
Creators: name: Kronzucker, Herbert J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Techniques of compartmental analysis and kinetic flux analysis with the radiotracer ¹³N were employed to examine the uptake, compartmentation, and metabolism of NO₃⁻ and NH₄⁺ in roots of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss.). Efflux analysis, conducted over 22-min periods, resolved the exchange of inorganic N with three subcellular compartments. These were (I) a root-surface film, (II) an adsorptive component of the cell wall, and (III) the root-cell cytoplasm. The identities of the compartments were tested using various approaches. Half-lives of exchange were (for NH₄⁺) ≈ 2 s, 20 s, and 7 min, respectively, and (for NO₃⁻) 2 s, 30 s, and 14 min, respectively. Under the steady-state conditions assessed by efflux analysis, four to five-fold larger rates of uptake were observed for NH₄⁺ than for NO₃⁻ Steady-state NH₄⁺ influx ranged from 0.3 to 6.5 μmol g⁻¹ (FW) h⁻¹ , while it was 0.08 to 1.2 μmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ for NO₃⁻, at external concentrations from 0.01 to 1.5 mM of the two N sources. Efflux increased with increasing external concentrations of the N sources and ranged from 10% to 30% of influx for NH₄⁺ and from 1% to 20% for NO₃⁻. Cytoplasmic concentrations were considerably higher for NH₄⁺ than for NO₃⁻; [NH₄⁺][sub cyt] was 2 to 30 mM, whereas [NO₃⁻][sub cyt] was 0.2 to 4 mM under the above conditions. A time-dependent compartmental-analysis study revealed that NO₃⁻ uptake was inducible by external NO₃⁻ and that three days were required for maximal uptake to be achieved at 100 μM [NO₃⁻]₀. The dynamics of NO₃⁻-flux partitioning to different compartments during induction were characterized. Analysis of nitrate reductase activity under identical conditions confirmed the slow inductive time-scale. Kinetic analysis of influx under perturbation conditions revealed distinct uptake systems for both N species. At [NO₃⁻]₀ ≤ 1 mM, NO₃⁻ influx was mediated by a constitutive and saturable high-affinity transport system (CHATS) and by a bisaturable inducible high-affinity transport system (IHATS). Beyond 1 mM, a linear low-affinity system (LATS) was evident. NH₄⁺ influx was not inducible by external NH₄⁺. It was mediated by a constitutive and saturable high-affinity transporter (HATS) at [NH₄⁺]₀ ≤ 1 mM, while a linear low-affinity transporter (LATS) operated beyond 1 mM. K[sub m] values for the initial phase of high-affinity transport were similar for both N species (≈ 20 μM), but V[sub max] was up to 20 times larger for NH₄⁺ than for NO₃⁻ when measured in perturbation. Overall, the study establishes a pronounced physiological limitation in spruce roots in transporting and utilizing NO₃⁻ as compared to NH₄⁺.
Αντισεισμικός σχεδιασμός σεισμικώς μονωμένης σιδηροδρομικής γέφυρας και μονολιθικής παραλλαγής της με εμπλοκή των ακροβάθρων
Creators: name: Πηλίτσης, Βασίλειος Γερασίμου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: Ακρόβαθρο
Εφέδρανα
Μονολιθικός
Abutment
Bearings
Monolithic

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας αποτελεί ο αντισεισμικός ανασχεδιασμός σεισμικώς μονωμένης σιδηροδρομικής γέφυρας με εμπλοκή των ακρόβαθρων, η οποία επιδιώκεται μέσω της ένταξης σε αυτά καταλλήλων αντισεισμικών μελών υπό τη μορφή ανασχετήρων. Το εν λόγω σύστημα αποτελείται από διπλά εγκαρσίως, ως προς την γέφυρα, προσανατολισμένα τοιχώματα, πακτωμένα στην ακλόνητη θεμελίωση και συνδεόμενα πλαισιακώς με επέκταση της πλάκας καταστρώματος, η οποία εδράζεται επί της στέψης ανοιχτού άνωθεν κιβωτίου, το οποίο υποκαθιστά τους καθιερωμένους τοίχους αντεπιστροφής. Η λειτουργία του συστήματος στηρίζεται στην θεώρηση αμφίπακτης λειτουργίας των τοιχωμάτων. Μέσω του συστήματος επιδιώκεται η απορρόφηση της σεισμικής ενέργειας, μέσω εμφάνισης πλαστικών αρθρώσεων στην κεφαλή και στον πόδα των τοιχωμάτων. Αφετηρία για την παραπάνω διερεύνηση αποτελεί η σιδηροδρομική κοιλαδογέφυρα διπλής γραμμής από τη Χ.Θ. 59+686,91 έως τη Χ.Θ. 59+854,91 της Νέας Χάραξης της Σιδηροδρομικής Γραμμής Θεσσαλονίκης - Ειδομένης στο τμήμα Πολύκαστρο-Ειδομένη. Η εργασία διαρθρώνεται σε δύο μέρη. Στο πρώτο μέρος μελετάται το υπάρχον σύστημα σεισμικής μόνωσης της γέφυρας σύμφωνα με τις «Οδηγίες για Μελέτη Γεφυρών με Σεισμική Μόνωση» του Υ.ΠΕ.ΧΩ.Δ.Ε. και επιχειρείται η επαλήθευση των αποτελεσμάτων με την χρήση κατάλληλων χρονοϊστοριών. Στο δεύτερο μέρος της εργασίας παρουσιάζεται η τροποποιημένη διάταξη των ακρόβαθρων που προτείνεται και διενεργείται διαστασιολόγηση των κατακόρυφών στοιχείων του φορέα (βάθρων και θεμελιώσεων). Τέλος επιχειρείται μια σύγκριση στο κόστος κατασκευής της υπάρχουσας γέφυρας και της προτεινόμενης παραλλαγής της.
description: The purpose of this investigation is the seismic redesign of a seismically insulated rail bridge by involving the abutments. The abutment consists of the extension of the deck slab of the bridge onto transversely directed R/C walls with which the, so – called continuity slab, is monolithically connected. The system is intended to absorb seismic energy through the formation of plastic hinge in head and foot of the walls. The starting point for this investigation is the double-track railway viaduct, connecting Polikastro with Idomeni. The treatise is divided into two parts. In the first part, the existing system of seismic isolation of the bridge is being investigated in accordance with the “Guidelines for Design of Bridges with Seismic Isolation "of the Ministry of Environment and the author attempts to verify the results using appropriate time - history analysis. In the second part, the bridge is being redesigned taking into account the modified formation of the abutments. Finally, the two projects are being compared to the cost of construction.
Where are the Old-Population High Velocity Stars?
Creators: name: Kollmeier, Juna A.
name: Gould, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To date, all of the reported high velocity stars (HVSs), which are believed to be ejected from the Galactic center, are blue and therefore almost certainly young. Old-population HVSs could be much more numerous than the young ones that have been discovered, but still have escaped detection because they are hidden in a much denser background of Galactic halo stars. Discovery of these stars would shed light on star formation at the Galactic center, the mechanism by which they are ejected from it, and, if they prove numerous, enable detailed studies of the structure of the dark halo. We analyze the problem of finding these stars and show that the search should be concentrated around the main-sequence turnoff (0.3
description: Submitted to ApJ. 7 pages including 2 figures
Type I optimality of weighing designs with N=3 (mod4) runs:
Creators: name: Onea, Mihaela-Andreea
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: Βέλτιστα κριτήρια τύπου Ι
Πειραματικοί σχεδιασμοί
Ορθογώνιοι σχηματισμοί
Type I optimality
Weighing design
Orthogonal array

description: Στόχος της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι να διερευνήσει τα βέλτιστα κριτήρια Τύπου Ι για πειραματικούς σχεδιασμούς, όταν το πλήθος των παρατηρήσεων είναι . Για το σκοπό αυτό παρουσιάζονται δύο τεχνικές κατασκευής βέλτιστων σχεδιασμών με διαφορετικά κριτήρια βελτιστοποίησης. Για να συγκριθούν οι παραπάνω τεχνικές, κατασκευάστηκαν οι αντίστοιχοι πίνακες πληροφορίας, εφαρμόστηκαν τα D-, E- και Α-βέλτιστα κριτήρια και εξετάστηκε η αποδοτικότητά τους.Η εργασία αυτή είναι δομημένη σε πέντε κεφάλαια. Στο πρώτο Κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται η βασική θεωρία των πειραματικών σχεδιασμών, ενώ στο δεύτερο παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα της βελτιστοποίησης των παραγοντικών σχεδιασμών και των ορθογώνιων σχηματισμών. Η πρώτη μέθοδος κατασκευής πειραματικών σχεδιασμών όταν το πλήθος των παρατηρήσεων είναι με τη μέθοδο κυκλικών πινάκων τύπου Goethals–Seidel αναλύεται στο Κεφάλαιο ΙΙΙ. Η μέθοδος κατασκευής βέλτιστων κριτηρίων Τύπου Ι που προκύπτουν προσθέτοντας p επιπλέον παρατηρήσεις σε έναν ορθογώνιο σχηματισμό με δύναμη δύο, δίνεται στο Κεφάλαιο IV. Στο τελευταίο Κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζονται κάποιες εφαρμογές και τα συμπεράσματα από τη σύγκριση των δύο παραπάνω μεθόδων κατασκευής βέλτιστων κριτηρίων.
description: The aim of the present thesis is to evaluate the Type I optimality of weighing designs when the number of runs is.For this purpose - two techniques of constructing optimal designs under different optimality criteria are presented.In order to compare the two methods the corresponding information matrices were constructed, D–, E– and A–optimality criteria were applied and their efficiency explored.The study is structured in five chapters. Chapter I provides with several basic theory on general experimental designs, while optimality results of fractional factorial designs and orthogonal arrays are presented in Chapter II.The first method of constructing weighing designs with runs with the help of circular matrices employing matrices of the Goethals–Seidel type is described in the third Chapter. The method of constructing Type I optimality designs obtained by adding p particular runs to an orthogonal array of strength two is given in Chapter IV.Finally, some applications are featured in Chapter V.
Three Dimensional Simulations of Solar Wind Preconditioning and the 23 July 2012 Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection
Creators: name: Desai, Ravindra T.
name: Zhang, Han
name: Davies, Emma E.
name: Stawarz, Julia E.
name: Mico-Gomez, Joan
name: Iváñez-Ballesteros, Pilar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predicting the large-scale eruptions from the solar corona and their propagation through interplanetary space remains an outstanding challenge in solar- and helio-physics research. In this article, we describe three dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the inner heliosphere leading up to and including the extreme interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) of 23 July 2012, developed using the code PLUTO. The simulations are driven using the output of coronal models for Carrington rotations 2125 and 2126 and, given the uncertainties in the initial conditions, are able to reproduce an event of comparable magnitude to the 23 July ICME, with similar velocity and density profiles at 1 au. The launch-time of this event is then varied with regards to an initial 19 July ICME and the effects of solar wind preconditioning are found to be significant for an event of this magnitude and to decrease over a time-window consistent with the ballistic refilling of the depleted heliospheric sector. These results indicate that the 23 July ICME was mostly unaffected by events prior, but would have travelled even faster had it erupted closer in time to the 19 July event where it would have experienced even lower drag forces. We discuss this systematic study of solar wind preconditioning in the context of space weather forecasting.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Solar Physics accepted 26 August 2020
Composition of the Interstellar Medium
Creators: name: Gnacinski, P.
name: Krogulec, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the Fe II, Ge II, Mg I, Mg II, S I, S II, Si II and Zn II interstellar lines for 63 stars. The column density of Mg II, S II, Si II and Zn II is well correlated with the distance. However, the column density -- distance relation should be used with care for the estimation of the distance to OB stars. For stars with large $f(H_2)$ this relation can lead to a large overestimation of the distance. Hydrogen -- normalised column densities of Mg II, Si II and Ge II (our largest samples of data) drop with the interstellar reddening E(B-V) as expected for elements that are incorporated into dust grains. The Ge II abundance (GeII/H) is lower in dense molecular clouds. The abundances of all analysed elements are generally lower than their Solar System values.
Invariance of the Local Segmental Relaxation Dispersion in Polycyclohexylmethacrylate / Poly-alpha-Methylstyrene Blends
Creators: name: Roland, CM
name: Casalini, R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dielectric spectroscopy was carried out on polycyclohexylmethacrylate (PCHMA) and its blend with poly-alpha-methylstyrene (PaMS) as a function of temperature and pressure. When measured at conditions whereby the local segmental relaxation time for the PCHMA was constant, the dispersion in the loss spectra had a fixed shape; that is, the relaxation time determines the breadth of the relaxation time distribution, independently of T and P. This result is known for neat materials and could be observed for the blend herein due to the nonpolar character of the PaMS and the degree of thermodynamic miscibility of the blend.
description: 13 pages 5 figures
Role of miR210 in hypoxia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in placenta with preeclampsia

Creators: name: Sribalasubashini Muralimanoharan
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Preeclampsia (PE) affects 5-10% of pregnancies worldwide and is associated with significant fetal morbidity and mortality. Hypoxia is known to have an important role in various physiological processes and pathological conditions, including preeclampsia. A hypoxic microenvironment causes mitochondrial dysfunction and activates various signaling pathways via hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), but the exact mechanism is unknown. Placental mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported in PE.

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression through mRNA degradation and translational repression. miR-210 induction in hypoxia is widely accepted as a hallmark of HIF-mediated response and a number of studies have identified increased placental miR-210 during PE. We here show evidence that placental mitochondrial dysfunction during preeclampsia is mediated by miR-210.
Anisotropic Scattering and Anomalous Transport in a High Temperature Superconductor
Creators: name: Abdel-Jawad, M.
name: Kennett, M. P.
name: Balicas, L.
name: Carrington, A.
name: Mackenzie, A. P.
name: McKenzie, R. H.
name: Hussey, N. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The metallic state of high temperature cuprate superconductors is markedly different from that of textbook metals. The origin of this unconventional state, characterized by unusual and distinct temperature dependences in the transport properties, remains unresolved despite intense theoretical efforts. Our understanding is impaired by our inability to determine experimentally the temperature and momentum dependence of the transport scattering rate. Here we use a novel magnetotransport probe to show that the unusual temperature dependences of the resistivity and the Hall coefficient in highly doped Tl$_2$Ba$_2$CuO$_{6+δ}$ originate from two distinct inelastic scattering channels. One channel is due to conventional electron-electron scattering whilst the other is highly anisotropic, has the same symmetry as the superconducting gap and a magnitude that grows approximately linearly with temperature. The observed form and anisotropy put tight constraints on theories of the metallic state. Moreover, in heavily doped non-superconducting cuprates, this anisotropic scattering term appears to be absent, suggesting an intimate connection between the origin of this scattering and superconductivity itself.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures (plus Supplementary Information comprising 5 pages & 2 figures)
TOSHKENT SHAHRIDAGI MANNON UYG'UR KO'CHASINING TRANSPORT-EKSPLUATATSION KO'RSATKICHLARINI BAHOLASH.
Creators: name: Isayev, Jahongir
name: Amanov, Atabek
name: Xamroqulov, Jasurbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada shahar ko‘chalarida transport-ekspluatatsion holatini baholash keltirilgan bo‘lib, transport-ekspluatatsion ko‘rsatkichlarga quydagilar kiradi:
A Theoretical Interpretation of the Black Hole Fundamental Plane
Creators: name: Hopkins, Philip F.
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Cox, Thomas J.
name: Robertson, Brant
name: Krause, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the origin and evolution of correlations between properties of supermassive black holes (BHs) and their host galaxies using simulations of major galaxy mergers, including the effects of gas dissipation, cooling, star formation, and BH accretion and feedback. We demonstrate that the simulations predict the existence of a BH 'fundamental plane' (BHFP), of the form M_BH sigma^(3.0+-0.3)*R_e^(0.43+-0.19) or M_BH M_bulge^(0.54+-0.17)*sigma^(2.2+-0.5), similar to relations found observationally. The simulations indicate that the BHFP can be understood roughly as a tilted intrinsic correlation between BH mass and spheroid binding energy, or the condition for feedback coupling to power a pressure-driven outflow. While changes in halo circular velocity, merger orbital parameters, progenitor disk redshifts and gas fractions, ISM gas pressurization, and other parameters can drive changes in e.g. sigma at fixed M_bulge, and therefore changes in the M_BH-sigma or M_BH-M_bulge relations, the BHFP is robust. Given the empirical trend of decreasing R_e for a given M_bulge at high redshift, the BHFP predicts that BHs will be more massive at fixed M_bulge, in good agreement with recent observations. This evolution in the structural properties of merger remnants, to smaller R_e and larger sigma (and therefore larger M_BH, conserving the BHFP) at a given M_bulge, is driven by the fact that bulge progenitors have characteristically larger gas fractions at high redshifts. Adopting the observed evolution of disk gas fractions with redshift, our simulations predict the observed trends in both R_e(M_bulge) and M_BH(M_bulge).
description: 22 pages, 19 figures, replaced with version accepted to ApJ. Companion paper to arXiv:0707.4005
Patterns of coaxial helical stacking in ribosomal RNA support a model of molecular growth that is incompatible with an origin of the ribosome in the peptidyl transferase center
Creators: name: Caetano-Anollés, Derek
name: Caetano-Anollés, Gustavo
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Background:  The structure of complex macromolecules must originate from simpler primordial substructures that gradually ‘transform’ into modern counterparts 1,2. Phylogenetic reconstruction of the history of ribosomal proteins and RNA suggests that the ribosome unfolded by gradual accretion from structures supporting RNA decoding and ribosomal mechanics 3-6. However, a recent study that compared atomic structural models of bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes revealed that new eukaryote-specific segments inserted into old common core regions of the large subunit (LSU) of rRNA without significantly perturbing local helical conformations 6. Assuming that the ancient ribosomal core evolved via similar mechanisms, a series of putative insertions of ‘branch’ helices onto preexisting coaxially stacked ‘trunk’ helices were proposed, which appeared to originate in the peptidyl transferase center (PTC)7. Here we analyze coaxial helical stacking patterns and insertion data and find that the claim that the ribosome originated in structures supporting protein biosynthesis is unwarranted. Instead, the analysis reveals possible primordial episodes of substructural grafting of core rRNA segments that confirm the previously proposed importance of decoding and ribosomal mechanics 3-6.

References:
1 Eck R.V. and Dayhoff M.O. (1966) Science, 152, 363-366.
2 Zuckerkandl E. (1975) J. Mol. Evol., 7, 1-57.
3 Caetano-Anollés G. (2002) Nucleic Acids Res., 30, 2575-2587.
4 Caetano-Anollés G. et al. (2008) Front. Biosci. 13, 5212-5240.
5 Sun F.J. and Caetano-Anollés G. (2009) J. Mol. Evol., 69, 430-443.
6 Harish A. and Caetano-Anollés G. (2012) PLoS ONE, 7, e32776.
7 Petrov A.S. et al. (2014) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 111, 10251-10256.
The highly ionized disk wind of GRO J1655-40
Creators: name: Sala, G.
name: Greiner, J.
name: Vink, J.
name: Haberl, F.
name: Kendziorra, E.
name: Zhang, X. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: The galactic superluminal microquasar GRO J1655-40 started a new outburst in February 2005, after seven years in quiescence, rising to a high/soft state in March 2005. In this paper we study the X-ray spectra during this rise. Methods: We observed GRO J1655-40 with XMM-Newton, on 27 February 2005, in the low/hard state, and on three consecutive days in March 2005, during the rise of the source to its high/soft state. The EPIC-pn camera was used in the fast-read Burst mode to avoid photon pile-up. Results: First, we contributed to the improvement of the calibration of the EPIC-pn, since the high flux received from the source required some refinements in the correction of the Charge Transfer Efficiency of the camera.Second, we find that the X-ray spectrum of GRO J1655-40 is dominated in the high/soft state by the thermal emission from the accretion disk, with an inner radius of 13-14(D/3.2kpc)km and a maximum temperature of 1.3 keV. Two absorption lines are detected in the EPIC-pn spectra, at 6.7-6.8 and 7.8-8.0 keV, which can be identified either as blended Fe XXV and Fe XXVI K-alpha and K-beta lines, or as blueshifted Fe XXV. We find no orbital dependence on the X-ray properties, which provides an upper limit for the inclination of the system of 73 degr. The RGS spectrometers reveal interstellar absorption features at 17.2AA, 17.5AA (Fe L edges) and 23.54AA (OI K-alpha). Finally, while checking the interstellar origin of the OI line, we find a general correlation of the OI K-alpha line equivalent width with the hydrogen column density using several sources available in the literature.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Revised version with important changes
Acoustic Hologram Optimisation Using Automatic Differentiation
Creators: name: Fushimi, Tatsuki
name: Yamamoto, Kenta
name: Ochiai, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Acoustic holograms are the keystone of modern acoustics. It encodes three-dimensional acoustic fields in two dimensions, and its quality determine the performance of acoustic systems. Optimisation methods that control only the phase of an acoustic wave are considered inferior to methods that control both the amplitude and phase of the wave. In this paper, we present Diff-PAT, an acoustic hologram optimisation algorithm with automatic differentiation. We demonstrate that our method achieves superior accuracy than conventional methods. The performance of Diff-PAT was evaluated by randomly generating 1000 sets of up to 32 control points for single-sided arrays and single-axis arrays. The improved acoustic hologram can be used in wide range of applications of PATs without introducing any changes to existing systems that control the PATs. In addition, we applied Diff-PAT to acoustic metamaterial and achieved an >8 dB increase in the peak noise-to-signal ratio of acoustic hologram.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures, manuscript
Μηχανική μελέτη νανοαντικειμένων
Creators: name: Αγορόπουλος, Ηλίας Βασιλείου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: Ελαστικότητα
Μηχανική
Φαινόμενα μεγέθους
Elasticity
Mechanics
Size effects

description: Αυτή η εργασία προσπαθεί να εξηγήσει με έναν απλό τρόπο, κατανοητό σε ένα ευρύ φάσμα αναγνωστών, τον ασυνήθιστο συνδυασμό των μηχανικών ιδιοτήτων της πρόσφατα ανεπτυγμένης νέας κατηγορίας νανοϋλικών, όπως η υψηλή σκληρότητα που υπερβαίνει σημαντικά αυτή του κανόνα των μιγμάτων, η αύξηση του μέτρου ελαστικότητας όπως μετριέται από την τεχνική της εγχάραξης, η πολύ υψηλή ελαστική αποκατάσταση που παρατηρείται κατά την εγχάραξη και η απουσία σχηματισμού ρωγμών ακόμη και κάτω από ελαστική φόρτιση που αντιστοιχεί σε μια παραμόρφωση περισσότερη από 10%. Τέλος, προτείνεται μελλοντική μελέτη που πρέπει να φέρει την περαιτέρω πρόοδο προς την κατανόηση των ιδιοτήτων αυτών των υλικών.
description: This work presents an attempt to explain in a simple way, understandable to a broad spectrum of readers, the unusual combination of the mechanical properties of the recently developed new class of nanomaterials, such as high hardness which significantly exceeds that of the rule of mixtures, enhancement of the elastic modulus as measured by the indentation technique, very high elastic recovery which is observed upon the indentation and the absence of crack formation even under elastic deformation corresponding to a strain of more than 10%. Future experimental work is suggested which should bring further progress towards the understanding of these materials.
High-Resolution Imaging of the Dust Disk around 49 Ceti
Creators: name: Wahhaj, Z.
name: Koerner, D. W.
name: Sargent, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sub-arcsecond scale Keck images of the young A1V star, 49 Ceti, resolve emission at lambda = 12.5 and 17.9 microns from a disk with long axis at PA 125 pm 10 degrees and inclination phi = 60 pm 15 degrees . At 17.9 microns, the emission is brighter and more extended toward the NW than the SE. Modeling of the mid-infrared images combined with flux densities from the literature indicate that the bulk of the mid-infrared emission comes from very small grains (a ~ 0.1 microns) confined between 30 and 60 AU from the star. This population of dust grains contributes negligibly to the significant excess observed in the spectral energy distribution. Most of the non- photospheric energy is radiated at longer wavelengths by an outer disk of larger grains (a ~ 15 microns), inner radius ~ 60 AU, and outer radius ~ 900 AU. Global properties of the 49 Cet disk show more affinity with the Beta Pic and HR 4796A disks than with other debris disks. This may be because they are all very young (t < 20 Myr), adding strength to the argument that they are transitional objects between Herbig Ae and "Vega-like" A stars with more tenuous circumstellar disks.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publicaion in ApJ
A geometric proof of the Quasi-linearity of the water-waves system
Creators: name: Said, Ayman Rimah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the first part of this paper we prove that the flow associated to the Burgers equation with a non local term of the form $\partial_x |D|^{α-1} u$ fails to be uniformly continuous from bounded sets of $H^s({\mathbb D})$ to $C^0([0,T],H^s({\mathbb D}))$ for $T>0$, $s>\frac{1}{2}+2$, $0\leq α<2$, ${\mathbb D}={\mathbb R} \ \text{or} \ {\mathbb T} $. Furthermore we show that the flow cannot be $C^1$ from bounded sets of $H^s({\mathbb D})$ to $C^0([0,T],H^{s-1+(α-1)^+ +ε}({\mathbb D}))$ for $ε>0$. We generalize this result to a large class of nonlinear transport-dispersive equations in any dimension, that in particular contains the Whitham equation and the paralinearization of the water waves system with and without surface tension. The current result is optimal in the sense that for $α=2$ and ${\mathbb D}={\mathbb T}$ the flow associated to the Benjamin-Ono equation is Lipschitz on function with $0$ mean value $H^s_0$.
 In the second part of this paper we apply this method to deduce the quasi-linearity of the water waves system, which is the main result of this paper.
description: Updated version after review which closely follows the journal version to appear in SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis, 2022
Developing and validating a pipeline for in silico functional classification of nitrilases based on sequence data
Creators: name: Gkotsi, Eleni Fani
name: Promponas, Vasilis J.
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: In this work, we report preliminary results on developing and validating, in a systematic manner, a computational pipeline for nitrilase classification, taking as launching point the multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of 20 nitrilases classified to belong in the 1st branch of the nitrilase superfamily. We construct libraries of profile Hidden Markov Models (pHMMs) of various lengths for each position on the MSA with the ultimate target of unraveling the most Informative Regions towards the branch of interest. Individual pHMMs are assessed by independent approaches; i.e. self-consistency test, leave one out cross-validation, pHMMs performance assessment against an independent data set. Using several metrics (e.g. F1-score) we apply a series of heuristics to select groups of non-overlapping pHMMs that yield good classification performance, as assessed jointly by combining the p-values of individual pHMMs using the Qfast algorithm. Our results indicate that, specific heuristics lead to robust elimination of false positives, without sacrificing sensitivity and finally predict the queries of interest equally well, compared to the pHMM based on the full-length nitrilase MSA and Blastp, by using less than the 2/3 of the sequence information. Additionally, a higher resolution insight to specific regions is gained and these are projected on Nit6803 structure, a Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 nitrilase (PDB ID: 3wuy) and PaNit structure, a Pyrococcus abyssi nitrilase (PDB ID: 3ki8). PaNit is consistently not predicted by the IR pHMMs, whereas 2 out of 3 catalytic residues, as well as a region on Nit6903 reported as essential in specificity coincide with the selected IRs. We intend to further investigate whether these specific regions contain residues which define nitrilase specificity and enhance the method by testing IR pHMMs' performance against larger and unknown data sets. We also forsee that this method might be a more generally applicable approach to enzyme classification.
Illumination of the accretion disk in black hole binaries: An extended jet as the primary source of hard X-rays
Creators: name: Reig, P.
name: Kylafis, N. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The models that seek to explain the reflection spectrum in black hole binaries usually invoke a point-like primary source of hard X-rays. This source illuminates the accretion disk and gives rise to the discrete (lines) and continuum-reflected components. The main goal of this work is to investigate whether the extended, mildly relativistic jet that is present in black hole binaries in the hard and hard-intermediate states is the hard X-ray source that illuminates the accretion disk. We use a Monte Carlo code that simulates the process of inverse Compton scattering in a mildly relativistic jet. Blackbody photons from the thin accretion disk are injected at the base of the jet and interact with the energetic electrons that move outward. Despite the fact that the jet moves away from the disk at a mildly relativistic speed, we find that approximately $15-20$\% of the input soft photons are scattered back toward the accretion disk. The vast majority of the Comptonized, back-scattered photons escape very close to the black hole ($h\lesssim 6 r_g$, where $r_g$ is the gravitational radius), but a non-negligible amount escape at a wide range of heights. At high heights, $h\sim 500-2000\,r_g$, the distribution falls off rapidly. The high-height cutoff strongly depends on the width of the jet at its base and is almost insensitive to the optical depth. The disk illumination spectrum is softer than the direct jet spectrum of the radiation that escapes in directions that do not encounter the disk. We conclude that an extended jet is an excellent candidate source of hard photons in reflection models.
description: to be published in A&A
Note on the Labelled tree graphs
Creators: name: Feng, Bo
name: Zhang, Yaobo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the CHY-frame for the tree-level amplitudes, the bi-adjoint scalar theory has played a fundamental role because it gives the on-shell Feynman diagrams for all other theories. Recently, an interesting generalization of the bi-adjoint scalar theory has been given in arXiv:1708.08701 by the "Labelled tree graphs", which carries a lot of similarity comparing to the bi-adjoint scalar theory. In this note, we have investigated the Labelled tree graphs from two different angels. In the first part of the note, we have shown that we can organize all cubic Feynman diagrams produces by the Labelled tree graphs to the "effective Feynman diagrams". In the new picture, the pole structure of the whole theory is more manifest. In the second part, we have generalized the action of "picking pole" in the bi-adjoint scalar theory to general CHY-integrands which produce only simple poles.
description: 52 pages, 41 figures
The RAVE Survey: Constraining the Local Galactic Escape Speed
Creators: name: Smith, M. C.
name: Ruchti, G. R.
name: Helmi, A.
name: Wyse, R. F. G.
name: Fulbright, J. P.
name: Freeman, K. C.
name: Navarro, J. F.
name: Seabroke, G. M.
name: Steinmetz, M.
name: Williams, M.
name: Bienayme, O.
name: Binney, J.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Dehnen, W.
name: Gibson, B. K.
name: Gilmore, G.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Munari, U.
name: Parker, Q. A.
name: Scholz, R. -D.
name: Siebert, A.
name: Watson, F. G.
name: Zwitter, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new constraints on the local escape speed of our Galaxy. Our analysis is based on a sample of high velocity stars from the RAVE survey and two previously published datasets. We use cosmological simulations of disk galaxy formation to motivate our assumptions on the shape of the velocity distribution, allowing for a significantly more precise measurement of the escape velocity compared to previous studies. We find that the escape velocity lies within the range $498\kms < \ve < 608 \kms$ (90 per cent confidence), with a median likelihood of $544\kms$. The fact that $\ve^2$ is significantly greater than $2\vc^2$ (where $\vc=220\kms$ is the local circular velocity) implies that there must be a significant amount of mass exterior to the Solar circle, i.e. this convincingly demonstrates the presence of a dark halo in the Galaxy. For a simple isothermal halo, one can calculate that the minimum radial extent is $\sim58$ kpc. We use our constraints on $\ve$ to determine the mass of the Milky Way halo for three halo profiles. For example, an adiabatically contracted NFW halo model results in a virial mass of $1.42^{+1.14}_{-0.54}\times10^{12}M_\odot$ and virial radius of $305^{+66}_{-45}$ kpc (90 per cent confidence). For this model the circular velocity at the virial radius is $142^{+31}_{-21}\kms$. Although our halo masses are model dependent, we find that they are in good agreement with each other.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, MNRAS (accepted). v2 incorporates minor cosmetic revisions which have no effect on the results or conclusions
Real-time Monte-Carlo simulations for dissipative tight-binding systems and time local master equations
Creators: name: Muehlbacher, Lothar
name: Escher, Charlotte
name: Ankerhold, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The numerically exact path integral Monte Carlo approach for the real-time evolution of dissipative quantum systems (PIMC), particularly suited for systems with discrete configuration space (tight-binding systems), is extended to treat spatially continuous and correlated many-body systems. This way, one has to consider generalized tight-binding lattices with either non-equidistant spacing or in higher dimensions, which in turn allows to analyze to what extent Markovian master equations can be applied beyond the usually studied spin-boson type of models.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures; accepted by Chem. Phys
A simple family of nonadditive quantum codes
Creators: name: Smolin, John A.
name: Smith, Graeme
name: Wehner, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most known quantum codes are additive, meaning the codespace can be described as the simultaneous eigenspace of an abelian subgroup of the Pauli group. While in some scenarios such codes are strictly suboptimal, very little is understood about how to construct nonadditive codes with good performance. Here we present a family of nonadditive quantum codes for all odd blocklengths, n, that has a particularly simple form. Our codes correct single qubit erasures while encoding a higher dimensional space than is possible with an additive code or, for n of 11 or greater, any previous codes.
description: 3 pages, new version with slight clarifications, no results are changed
A Unified Deep Learning Framework for Short-Duration Speaker Verification in Adverse Environments
Creators: name: Jung, Youngmoon
name: Choi, Yeunju
name: Lim, Hyungjun
name: Kim, Hoirin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Speaker verification (SV) has recently attracted considerable research interest due to the growing popularity of virtual assistants. At the same time, there is an increasing requirement for an SV system: it should be robust to short speech segments, especially in noisy and reverberant environments. In this paper, we consider one more important requirement for practical applications: the system should be robust to an audio stream containing long non-speech segments, where a voice activity detection (VAD) is not applied. To meet these two requirements, we introduce feature pyramid module (FPM)-based multi-scale aggregation (MSA) and self-adaptive soft VAD (SAS-VAD). We present the FPM-based MSA to deal with short speech segments in noisy and reverberant environments. Also, we use the SAS-VAD to increase the robustness to long non-speech segments. To further improve the robustness to acoustic distortions (i.e., noise and reverberation), we apply a masking-based speech enhancement (SE) method. We combine SV, VAD, and SE models in a unified deep learning framework and jointly train the entire network in an end-to-end manner. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work combining these three models in a deep learning framework. We conduct experiments on Korean indoor (KID) and VoxCeleb datasets, which are corrupted by noise and reverberation. The results show that the proposed method is effective for SV in the challenging conditions and performs better than the baseline i-vector and deep speaker embedding systems.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, 13 tables
Posterior Reversibl Ensefelopati Sendromu (PRES)
Creators: name: Erkman Sanrı
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: İlk defa 1996 yılında bir vaka takdimi ile literatürün tanıştığı PRES, hakkında çok az bildirim olması sebebiyle tam olarak tanımlanamamış bir hastalık. Kadınlarda erkeklere göre daha sık görülüyor. İnsidansı bilinmiyor. Mevcut literatür bilgisine göre erken tanı ve müdahale ile hemen her zaman reversibl bir sendrom. Tanı ve dolayısıyla müdahalenin gecikmesi ile kalıcı hasar bırakacağı belirtilmiştir. PRES klasik olarak baş ağrısı, bilinç bulanıklığı, nöbet ve görme bozukluğu ile prezente olur. Bu klinik tabloya ek olarak radyolojik olarak posterior beyin bölgelerinde beyaz cevherde ödem görülmektedir. Sendromun patogenezi net açıklanamamış. Ancak serebral otoregülasyon bozukluğu ve endotelyal disfonksiyon süreçleri suçlanan 2 mekanizma olarak öne çıkmakta.
Growth management options for tourism-led community development in Squamish: the case of Brohm Ridge Ski Resort
Creators: name: Hainsworth, Douglas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: At the broadest level the intent of this thesis is to make a contribution to the increasing body of research on planning for sustainable tourism development. At a more refined level, this thesis advocates a growth management approach for tourism planning for sustainable development in rural communities. The community of Squamish, British Columbia will provide the context for this study. As Squamish enters a phase of economic transition, planners and local residents have been evaluating what role tourism might play in enhancing the local economy and in sustaining the community's quality of life. The proposed establishment of a ski resort at Brohm Ridge would easily represent the largest tourism-based development initiative experienced by the community of Squamish. The economic, social and environmental impacts from such a project can be expected to be significant. This thesis explores how a growth management approach could establish a guidance system of proactive incentives and controls for development form and pace in a manner that recognises the importance of conserving the community's social, environmental and economic resources in the pursuit of local development objectives. The Resort Community of Whistler provides the case study for this enquiry. Whistler is widely heralded in the tourism planning literature as a preeminent example of successful tourism growth management planning. The close proximity of Whistler to Squamish also provides a informed context from which to analyse potential development impacts. The findings of this case study analysis were extrapolated and applied to the Squamish context so as to explore potential opportunities for the development of growth management strategies based on the community development objectives identified in the District of Squamish's Tourism Development Plan. It is hoped that this research will suggest an array of opportunities for the community of Squamish, as well as interested resort developers, to promote the establishment of a successful ski resort that will contribute to broader community development objectives in a sustainable manner.
Absorption of Ultrashort Laser Pulses in Strongly Overdense Targets
Creators: name: Cerchez, M.
name: Jung, R.
name: Osterholz, J.
name: Toncian, T.
name: Willi, O.
name: Mulser, P.
name: Ruhl, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the first absorption experiments of sub-10 fs high-contrast Ti:Sa laser pulses incident on solid targets. The very good contrast of the laser pulse assures the formation of a very small pre-plasma and the pulse interacts with the matter close to solid density. Experimental results indicate that p-polarized laser pulses are absorbed up to 80 percent at 80 degrees incidence angle. The simulation results of PSC PIC code clearly confirm the observations and show that the collisionless absorption works efficiently in steep density profiles.
A Roadmap to the Implementation of 1km Earth System Model Ensembles (D1.2)
Creators: name: Biercamp, Joachim
name: Bauer, Peter
name: Düben, Peter
name: Lawrence, Bryan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The community of Earth system modelling has a strong interest to reach a horizontal resolution of about 1km for ensemble simulations with global coupled weather and climate models. Within the ESiWACE project, we have demonstrated that 1 km simulations with global atmosphere models are technically feasible (see ESiWACE Deliverable D2.1). However, we are still far from being able to run a 1 km coupled ensemble in an operational mode even if some of the fastest supercomputers that are currently available are used. This deliverable presents a concise roadmap that lays out the technical work, and the financial and organisational framework that is needed to run ensembles of Earth system models (ESM) at 1km resolution with enough throughput to perform operational weather forecasts and climate projections.
description: ESiWACE has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No 675191
Phase transition between synchronous and asynchronous updating algorithms
Creators: name: Radicchi, Filippo
name: Vilone, Daniele
name: Meyer-Ortmanns, Hildegard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We update a one-dimensional chain of Ising spins of length $L$ with algorithms which are parameterized by the probability $p$ for a certain site to get updated in one time step. The result of the update event itself is determined by the energy change due to the local change in the configuration. In this way we interpolate between the Metropolis algorithm at zero temperature for $p$ of the order of 1/L and for large $L$, and a synchronous deterministic updating procedure for $p=1$. As function of $p$ we observe a phase transition between the stationary states to which the algorithm drives the system. These are non-absorbing stationary states with antiferromagnetic domains for $p>p_c$, and absorbing states with ferromagnetic domains for $p\leq p_c$. This means that above this transition the stationary states have lost any remnants to the ferromagnetic Ising interaction. A measurement of the critical exponents shows that this transition belongs to the universality class of parity conservation.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures