cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Asymptotic distribution of nodal intersections for arithmetic random waves
Creators: name: Rossi, Maurizia
name: Wigman, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nodal intersections number of random Gaussian toral Laplace eigenfunctions ("arithmetic random waves") against a fixed smooth reference curve. The expected intersection number is proportional to the the square root of the eigenvalue times the length of curve, independent of its geometry. The asymptotic behaviour of the variance was addressed by Rudnick-Wigman; they found a precise asymptotic law for "generic" curves with nowhere vanishing curvature, depending on both its geometry and the angular distribution of lattice points lying on circles corresponding to the Laplace eigenvalue. They also discovered that there exist peculiar "static" curves, with variance of smaller order of magnitude, though did not prescribe what the true asymptotic behaviour is in this case. In this paper we study the finer aspects of the limit distribution of the nodal intersections number. For "generic" curves we prove the Central Limit Theorem (at least, for "most" of the energies). For the aforementioned static curves we establish a non-Gaussian limit theorem for the distribution of nodal intersections, and on the way find the true asymptotic behaviour of their fluctuations, under the well-separatedness assumption on the corresponding lattice points, satisfied by most of the eigenvalues.
description: 45 pages, revision following a referee report. To appear in Nonlinearity
Roteiro de vídeo - PDDE e Ações Integradas: Execução de recursos e prestação de contas
Creators: name: Diniz, Adriana Valéria Santos
name: Pereira, Maria Aparecida Nunes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Roteiro de vídeo
PDDE
Ações Integradas

description: Este relatório apresenta as atividades desenvolvidas no âmbito do Projeto “O Fortalecimento do Programa Dinheiro Direto na escola na região Nordeste como estratégia para a gestão democrática e para a qualidade da educação” – CECAMPE REGIÃO NORDESTE, referente à produção do vídeo “PDDE e Ações Integradas: execução de recursos e prestação de contas. O objetivo da criação do vídeo foi apresentar o passo a passo do processo de execução dos recursos e a prestação de contas, bem como a sua importância para a boa gestão dos recursos financeiros do PDDE, nos aspectos da aplicabilidade e para o aprendizado dos alunos da rede pública de ensino. O vídeo foi roteirizado pelos professores doutores Marcos Angelo Miranda de Alcantara e Maria da Salete Barboza, sob supervisão da professora doutora Lebiam Tamar, sendo validado pelo FNDE.
Additional file 1 of Identification and validation of stable reference genes for quantitative real time PCR in different minipig tissues at developmental stages
Creators: name: Song, Jeongah
name: Cho, Jeonghee
name: Park, Jeongsik
name: Hwang, Jeong Ho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Dispersion and decay of collective modes in neutron star cores
Creators: name: Kobyakov, D. N.
name: Pethick, C. J.
name: Reddy, S.
name: Schwenk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the frequencies of collective modes of neutrons, protons and electrons in the outer core of neutron stars. The neutrons and protons are treated in a hydrodynamic approximation and the electrons are regarded as collisionless. The coupling of the nucleons to the electrons leads to Landau damping of the collective modes and to significant dispersion of the low-lying modes. We investigate the sensitivity of the mode frequencies to the strength of entrainment between neutrons and protons, which is not well characterized. The contribution of collective modes to the thermal conductivity is evaluated.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
The Bristol Model: an abyss called a Cohen real
Creators: name: Karagila, Asaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 03E40, Secondary 03E25

description: We construct a model $M$ of ZF which lies between $L$ and $L[c]$ for a Cohen real $c$ and does not have the form $L(x)$ for any set $x$. This is loosely based on the unwritten work done in a Bristol workshop about Woodin's HOD Conjecture in 2011. The construction given here allows for a finer analysis of the needed assumptions on the ground models, thus taking us one step closer to understanding models of ZF, and the HOD Conjecture and its relatives. This model also provides a positive answer to a question of Grigorieff about intermediate models of ZF, and we use it to show the failure of Kinna--Wagner Principles in ZF.
description: 31 pages; post-refereeing version; minor corrections
Additional file 1 of Developing and evaluating an instrument to assess perceptions of an entry-level physician associate doctoral degree
Creators: name: Jun, Hyun-Jin
name: Gordes, Karen  L.
name: Fleming, Shani
name: Kulo, Violet
name: Cawley, James F.
name: Kayingo, Gerald
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary material. Survey items by response options.
M-theory from the Superpoint
Creators: name: Huerta, John
name: Schreiber, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "brane scan" classifies consistent Green--Schwarz strings and membranes in terms of the invariant cocycles on super-Minkowski spacetimes. The "brane bouquet" generalizes this by consecutively forming the invariant higher central extensions induced by these cocycles, which yields the complete brane content of string/M-theory, including the D-branes and the M5-brane, as well as the various duality relations between these. This raises the question whether the super-Minkowski spacetimes themselves arise as maximal invariant central extensions. Here we prove that they do. Starting from the simplest possible super-Minkowski spacetime, the superpoint, which has no Lorentz structure and no spinorial structure, we give a systematic process of repeated "maximal invariant central extensions", and show that it discovers the super-Minkowski spacetimes that contain superstrings, culminating in the 10- and 11-dimensional super-Minkowski spacetimes of string/M-theory and leading directly to the brane bouquet.
description: v2: minor corrections, improved exposition. To appear in Letters in Mathematical Physics
Semistable rank 2 sheaves with singularities of mixed dimension on $\mathbb{P}^3$
Creators: name: Ivanov, Alexey N.
name: Tikhomirov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe new irreducible components of the Gieseker-Maruyama moduli scheme $\mathcal{M}(3)$ of semistable rank 2 coherent sheaves with Chern classes $c_1=0,\ c_2=3,\ c_3=0$ on $\mathbb{P}^3$, general points of which correspond to sheaves whose singular loci contain components of dimensions both 0 and 1. These sheaves are produced by elementary transformations of stable reflexive rank 2 sheaves with $c_1=0,\ c_2=2,\ c_3=2$ or 4 along a disjoint union of a projective line and a collection of points in $\mathbb{P}^3$. The constructed families of sheaves provide first examples of irreducible components of the Gieseker-Maruyama moduli scheme such that their general sheaves have singularities of mixed dimension.
description: 16 pages, 1 table
Schrödinger model and Stratonovich-Weyl correspondence for Heisenberg motion groups
Creators: name: Cahen, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E45, 22E70, 22E20, 81S10, 81R30

description: We introduce a Schrödinger model for the unitary irreducible representations of a Heisenberg motion group and we show that the usual Weyl quantization then provides a Stratonovich-Weyl correspondence.
description: Some misprints in the published version have been corrected
Insight into CO2 dissociation in plasmas from numerical solution of a vibrational diffusion equation
Creators: name: Diomede, Paola
name: van de Sanden, Mauritius C. M.
name: Longo, Savino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dissociation of CO2 molecules in plasmas is a subject of enormous importance for fundamental studies and the recent interest in carbon capture and carbon-neutral fuels. The vibrational excitation of the CO2 molecule plays an important role in the process. The complexity of the present state-to-state (STS) models makes it difficult to find out the key parameters. In this paper we propose as an alternative a numerical method based on the diffusion formalism developed in the past for analytical studies. The non-linear Fokker-Planck equation is solved by the time-dependent diffusion Monte Carlo method. Transport quantities are calculated from STS rate coefficients. The asymmetric stretching mode of CO2 is used as a test case. We show that the method reproduces the STS results or a Treanor distribution depending on the choice of the boundary conditions. A positive drift, whose energy onset is determined by the vibrational to translational temperature ratio, brings molecules from mid-energy range to dissociation. The high-energy fall of the distribution is observed even neglecting VT processes which are normally believed to be its cause. Our study explains several puzzling features of previous studies, provides new insights into the control of the dissociation rate and a much sought compression of the required data for modeling.
Configurable 3D Scene Synthesis and 2D Image Rendering with Per-Pixel Ground Truth using Stochastic Grammars
Creators: name: Jiang, Chenfanfu
name: Qi, Siyuan
name: Zhu, Yixin
name: Huang, Siyuan
name: Lin, Jenny
name: Yu, Lap-Fai
name: Terzopoulos, Demetri
name: Zhu, Song-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a systematic learning-based approach to the generation of massive quantities of synthetic 3D scenes and arbitrary numbers of photorealistic 2D images thereof, with associated ground truth information, for the purposes of training, benchmarking, and diagnosing learning-based computer vision and robotics algorithms. In particular, we devise a learning-based pipeline of algorithms capable of automatically generating and rendering a potentially infinite variety of indoor scenes by using a stochastic grammar, represented as an attributed Spatial And-Or Graph, in conjunction with state-of-the-art physics-based rendering. Our pipeline is capable of synthesizing scene layouts with high diversity, and it is configurable inasmuch as it enables the precise customization and control of important attributes of the generated scenes. It renders photorealistic RGB images of the generated scenes while automatically synthesizing detailed, per-pixel ground truth data, including visible surface depth and normal, object identity, and material information (detailed to object parts), as well as environments (e.g., illuminations and camera viewpoints). We demonstrate the value of our synthesized dataset, by improving performance in certain machine-learning-based scene understanding tasks--depth and surface normal prediction, semantic segmentation, reconstruction, etc.--and by providing benchmarks for and diagnostics of trained models by modifying object attributes and scene properties in a controllable manner.
description: Accepted in IJCV 2018
Additional file 1 of Cortical symptoms described in emergency calls for patients with suspected large vessel occlusion: a descriptive analysis of 157 emergency calls
Creators: name: Vuorinen, Pauli
name: Kiili, Joonas
name: Alanko, Essi
name: Huhtala, Heini
name: Ollikainen, Jyrki
name: Setälä, Piritta
name: Hoppu, Sanna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Stochastic Separation Theorems
Creators: name: Gorban, A. N.
name: Tyukin, I. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6
subject: 68T10

description: The problem of non-iterative one-shot and non-destructive correction of unavoidable mistakes arises in all Artificial Intelligence applications in the real world. Its solution requires robust separation of samples with errors from samples where the system works properly. We demonstrate that in (moderately) high dimension this separation could be achieved with probability close to one by linear discriminants. Surprisingly, separation of a new image from a very large set of known images is almost always possible even in moderately high dimensions by linear functionals, and coefficients of these functionals can be found explicitly. Based on fundamental properties of measure concentration, we show that for $M1-\vartheta$, where $1>\vartheta>0$ is a given small constant. Exact values of $a,b>0$ depend on the probability distribution that determines how the random $M$-element sets are drawn, and on the constant $\vartheta$. These {\em stochastic separation theorems} provide a new instrument for the development, analysis, and assessment of machine learning methods and algorithms in high dimension. Theoretical statements are illustrated with numerical examples.
description: 6 pages, accepted for publication in Neural Networks (Letter section)
Cosmological perturbation and matter power spectrum in bimetric massive gravity
Creators: name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
name: Lee, Chung-Chi
name: Zhang, Kaituo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the linear perturbation equations with the synchronous gauge in a minimal scenario of the bimetric massive gravity theory. We find that the matter density perturbation and matter power spectrum are suppressed. We also examine the ghost and stability problems and show that the allowed deviation of this gravitational theory from the cosmological constant is constrained to be smaller than $\mathcal{O}(10^{-2})$ by the large scale structure observational data.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, revised version accepted by Annals of Physics
Echoes from the Abyss: Tentative evidence for Planck-scale structure at black hole horizons
Creators: name: Abedi, Jahed
name: Dykaar, Hannah
name: Afshordi, Niayesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In classical General Relativity (GR), an observer falling into an astrophysical black hole is not expected to experience anything dramatic as she crosses the event horizon. However, tentative resolutions to problems in quantum gravity, such as the cosmological constant problem, or the black hole information paradox, invoke significant departures from classicality in the vicinity of the horizon. It was recently pointed out that such near-horizon structures can lead to late-time echoes in the black hole merger gravitational wave signals that are otherwise indistinguishable from GR. We search for observational signatures of these echoes in the gravitational wave data released by advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO), following the three black hole merger events GW150914, GW151226, and LVT151012. In particular, we look for repeating damped echoes with time-delays of $8 M \log M$ (+spin corrections, in Planck units), corresponding to Planck-scale departures from GR near their respective horizons. Accounting for the "look elsewhere" effect due to uncertainty in the echo template, we find tentative evidence for Planck-scale structure near black hole horizons at false detection probability of $1\%$ (corresponding to $2.5σ$ significance level). Future observations from interferometric detectors at higher sensitivity, along with more physical echo templates, will be able to confirm (or rule out) this finding, providing possible empirical evidence for alternatives to classical black holes, such as in ${\it firewall}$ or ${\it fuzzball}$ paradigms.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables, Extended discussions, PRD in press
Central-edge asymmetry as a probe of Higgs-top coupling in $t\bar{t}h$ production at LHC
Creators: name: Li, Jinmian
name: Si, Zong-guo
name: Wu, Lei
name: Yue, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Higgs-top coupling plays a central role in the hierarchy problem and the vacuum stability of the Standard Model (SM). We propose a central-edge asymmetry ($A_{CE}$) to probe the CP violating Higgs-top coupling in dileptonic channel of $t\bar{t}h(\to b\bar{b})$ production at the LHC. We demonstrate that the CP-violating Higgs-top coupling can affect the central-edge asymmetry through distorting $Δy_{\ell^+\ell^-}$ distribution because of the contribution of new top charge asymmetric term. Since $Δy_{\ell^+\ell^-}$ distribution is frame-independent and has a good discrimination even in boosted regime, we use the jet substructure technique to enhance the observability of the dileptonic channel of $t\bar{t}h$ production. We find that (1) the significance of dileptonic channel of $t\bar{t}h$ production can reach $5σ$ for CP phase $ξ=0,π/4,π/2$ when the luminosity ${\cal L}=795,993,1276$ fb$^{-1}$ at 14 TeV LHC. (2) the central-edge asymmetry $A_{CE}$ show a good discrimination power of CP phase of $t\bar{t}h$ interaction, which are -40.26\%, -26.60\%, -9.47\% for $ξ=0$, $π/4$, $ π/2$ respectively and are hardly affected by the event selections. Besides, by performing the binned-$χ^2$ analysis of $Δy_{\ell^+\ell^-}$ distribution, we find that the scalar and pseudo-scalar interactions can be distinguished at 95\% C.L. level at 14 TeV HL-LHC.
description: minor changes, version accepted by PLB
Characterizing the chemical enrichment of the ISM from the Milky Way to z~6
Creators: name: Christina, Konstantopoulou
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: High-resolution spectroscopy is key for a detailed characterization of the chemistry of the interstellar medium (ISM). The cycle of metals between dust and gas plays a fundamental role in the chemical enrichment of the ISM. Metals are missing from the observable ISM gas phase because they are instead incorporated into dust grains, an effect called dust depletion. This effect alters the observed chemical abundances, which can be accurately determined using absorption-line spectroscopy. Characterizing the dust depletion of metals both in the local and distant Universe is important to investigate the evolution and origin of metals and dust through cosmic time. In this talk, I will present recent results on characterizing, through high resolution UVES/VLT data, the dust depletion of 18 metals (C, P, O, Cl, Kr, S, Ge, Mg, Si, Cu, Co, Mn, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Zn and Fe) using relative abundances in different galactic environments. These include the Milky Way, the Magellanic Clouds and damped Lyman-alpha absorbers (DLAs) towards quasars (QSOs) and towards gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Our inferred dust depletion measurements are then used to estimate the dust-to-metal ratio (DTM), dust-to-gas ratio (DTG) and the dust composition in the ISM in these different galactic environments. These results have implications on the origin of cosmic dust and the dominant processes of dust production and show the power of high-resolution absorption-line spectroscopy in determining accurately the chemistry of the ISM.
A generalized action-angle representation of wave interaction in stratified shear flows
Creators: name: Heifetz, Eyal
name: Guha, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we express the linearized dynamics of interacting interfacial waves in stratified shear flows in the compact form of action-angle Hamilton equations. The pseudo-energy serves as the Hamiltonian of the system, the action coordinates are the contribution of the interfacial waves to the wave-action, and the angles are their phases. The term "generalized action-angle" aims to emphasize that the action of each wave is generally time dependent and this allows instability. An attempt is made to relate this formalism to the action at a distance resonance instability mechanism between counter-propagating vorticity waves via the global conservations of pseudo-energy and pseudo-momentum.
Local bifurcations in differential equations with state-dependent delay
Creators: name: Sieber, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A common task when analysing dynamical systems is the determination of normal forms near local bifurcations of equilibria. As most of these normal forms have been classified and analysed, finding which particular class of normal form one encounters in a numerical bifurcation study guides follow-up computations. This paper builds on normal form algorithms for equilibria of delay differential equations with constant delay that were developed and implemented in DDE-Biftool recently. We show how one can extend these methods to delay-differential equations with state-dependent delay (sd-DDEs). Since higher degrees of regularity of local center manifolds are still open for sd-DDEs, we give an independent (still only partial) argument which phenomena from the truncated normal must persist in the full sd-DDE. In particular, we show that all invariant manifolds with a sufficient degree of normal hyperbolicity predicted by the normal form exist also in the full sd-DDE.
description: 13 pages 3 figures, preprint, revised after review
Additional file 1 of Early persistence on therapy impacts drug-free remission: a case-control study in a cohort of Hispanic patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Contreras-Yáñez, Irazú
name: Guaracha-Basáñez, Guillermo Arturo
name: Cuevas-Montoya, Maximiliano
name: de Jesús Hernández-Bautista, José
name: Pascual-Ramos, Virginia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Baseline population characteristics between patients who maintained DFR status and their counterparts.
Additional file 2 of Early persistence on therapy impacts drug-free remission: a case-control study in a cohort of Hispanic patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Contreras-Yáñez, Irazú
name: Guaracha-Basáñez, Guillermo Arturo
name: Cuevas-Montoya, Maximiliano
name: de Jesús Hernández-Bautista, José
name: Pascual-Ramos, Virginia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Matching criteria and percentage achieved in the controls’ selection.
A Boost to $h \to Z γ$: from LHC to Future $e^+ e^-$ Colliders
Creators: name: No, Jose Miguel
name: Spannowsky, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A precise measurement of the Higgs $h \to Z γ$ decay is very challenging at the LHC, due to the very low %SM $h \to Z γ\, (Z \to \ell \ell)$ branching fraction and the shortage of kinematic handles to suppress the large SM $Z γ$ background. We show how such a measurement would be significantly improved by considering Higgs production in association with a hard jet. We compare the prospective HL-LHC sensitivity in this channel with other Higgs production modes where $h$ is fairly boosted, e.g.~weak boson fusion, and also to the potential $h \to Z γ$ measurement achievable with a future $e^{+}e^{-}$ circular collider ({\sl fcc-ee}). Finally, we discuss new physics implications of a precision measurement of $h \to Z γ$.
description: Matches Published Version
Suppression of multiphoton resonances in driven quantum systems via pulse shape optimization
Creators: name: Gagnon, Denis
name: Fillion-Gourdeau, François
name: Dumont, Joey
name: Lefebvre, Catherine
name: MacLean, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Letter demonstrates control over multiphoton absorption processes in driven two-level systems, which include for example superconducting qubits or laser-irradiated graphene, through spectral shaping of the driving pulse. Starting from calculations based on Floquet theory, we use differential evolution, a general purpose optimization algorithm, to find the Fourier coefficients of the driving function that suppress a given multiphoton resonance in the strong field-regime. We show that the suppression of the transition probability is due to the coherent superposition of high-order Fourier harmonics which closes the dynamical gap between the Floquet states of the two-level system.
Solving the Schwarzian via the Conformal Bootstrap
Creators: name: Mertens, Thomas G.
name: Turiaci, Gustavo J.
name: Verlinde, Herman L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain exact expressions for a general class of correlation functions in the 1D quantum mechanical model described by the Schwarzian action, that arises as the low energy limit of the SYK model. The answer takes the form of an integral of a momentum space amplitude obtained via a simple set of diagrammatic rules. The derivation relies on the precise equivalence between the 1D Schwarzian theory and a suitable large $c$ limit of 2D Virasoro CFT. The mapping from the 1D to the 2D theory is similar to the construction of kinematic space. We also compute the out-of-time ordered four point function. The momentum space amplitude in this case contains an extra factor in the form of a crossing kernel, or R-matrix, given by a 6j-symbol of SU(1,1). We argue that the R-matrix describes the gravitational scattering amplitude near the horizon of an AdS${}_2$ black hole. Finally, we discuss the generalization of some of our results to ${\cal N}=1$ and ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric Schwarzian QM.
description: 46 pages + appendices. v2: typos corrected, references added. v3: matches published version
Analyzing the sensitivity of quantitative 3D MRI of longitudinal relaxation at Very Low Field in Gd-doped phantoms -- Depository
Creators: name: De Iure, Danilo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Depository related to the Research Article "Analyzing the sensitivity of quantitative 3D MRI of longitudinal relaxation at Very Low Field in Gd-doped phantoms" DeIure et al, currently in revision by PlosOne. For further information contact the authors. Corresponding author: Danilo de Iure E-mail: danilo.deiure@unich.it or danilo.deiure@gmail.com (private one)
Isospin-0 $ππ$ s-wave scattering length from twisted mass lattice QCD
Creators: name: Liu, L.
name: Bacchio, S.
name: Dimopoulos, P.
name: Finkenrath, J.
name: Frezzotti, R.
name: Helmes, C.
name: Jost, C.
name: Knippschild, B.
name: Kostrzewa, B.
name: Liu, H.
name: Ottnad, K.
name: Petschlies, M.
name: Urbach, C.
name: Werner, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the isospin-0 $ππ$ s-wave scattering length calculated with Osterwalder-Seiler valence quarks on Wilson twisted mass gauge configurations. We use three $N_f = 2$ ensembles with unitary (valence) pion mass at its physical value (250$\sim$MeV), at 240$\sim$MeV (320$\sim$MeV) and at 330$\sim$MeV (400$\sim$MeV), respectively. By using the stochastic Laplacian Heaviside quark smearing method, all quark propagation diagrams contributing to the isospin-0 $ππ$ correlation function are computed with sufficient precision. The chiral extrapolation is performed to obtain the scattering length at the physical pion mass. Our result $M_πa^\mathrm{I=0}_0 = 0.198(9)(6)$ agrees reasonably well with various experimental measurements and theoretical predictions. Since we only use one lattice spacing, certain systematics uncertainties, especially those arising from unitary breaking, are not controlled in our result.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, 6 tables
Instabilities in Mimetic Matter Perturbations
Creators: name: Firouzjahi, Hassan
name: Gorji, Mohammad Ali
name: Mansoori, Seyed Ali Hosseini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study cosmological perturbations in mimetic matter scenario with a general higher derivative function. We calculate the quadratic action and show that both the kinetic term and the gradient term have the wrong sings. We perform the analysis in both comoving and Newtonian gauges and confirm that the Hamiltonians and the associated instabilities are consistent with each other in both gauges. The existence of instabilities is independent of the specific form of higher derivative function which generates gradients for mimetic field perturbations. It is verified that the ghost instability in mimetic perturbations is not associated with the higher derivative instabilities such as the Ostrogradsky ghost.
description: v2: Discussions improved, references added, JCAP published version
Asymptotic freedom in certain $SO(N)$ and $SU(N)$ models
Creators: name: Einhorn, Martin B
name: Jones, D R Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the $β$-functions for $SO(N)$ and $SU(N)$ gauge theories coupled to adjoint and fundamental scalar representations, correcting long-standing, previous results. We explore the constraints on $N$ resulting from requiring asymptotic freedom for all couplings. When we take into account the actual allowed behavior of the gauge coupling, the minimum value of $N$ in both cases turns out to be larger than realized in earlier treatments. We also show that in the large $N$ limit, both models have large regions of parameter space corresponding to total asymptotic freedom.
description: 8 pages, no figures. v6: Minor nonsubstantive changes in text and formatting
A fast second-order implicit difference method for time-space fractional advection-diffusion equation
Creators: name: Zhao, Yong-Liang
name: Huang, Ting-Zhu
name: Gu, Xian-Ming
name: Luo, Wei-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F15, 65H18, 15A51

description: In this paper, we consider a fast and second-order implicit difference method for approximation of a class of time-space fractional variable coefficients advection-diffusion equation. To begin with, we construct an implicit difference scheme, based on $L2-1_σ$ formula [A. A. Alikhanov, A new difference scheme for the time fractional diffusion equation, \emph{J. Comput. Phys.}, 280 (2015)] for the temporal discretization and weighted and shifted Grünwald method for the spatial discretization. Then, unconditional stability of the implicit difference scheme is proved, and we theoretically and numerically show that it converges in the $L_2$-norm with the optimal order $\mathcal{O}(τ^2 + h^2)$ with time step $τ$ and mesh size $h$. Secondly, three fast Krylov subspace solvers with suitable circulant preconditioners are designed to solve the discretized linear systems with the Toeplitz matrix. In each iterative step, these methods reduce the memory requirement of the resulting linear equations from $\mathcal{O}(N^2)$ to $\mathcal{O}(N)$ and the computational complexity from $\mathcal{O}(N^3)$ to $\mathcal{O}(N \log N)$, where $N$ is the number of grid nodes. Finally, numerical experiments are carried out to demonstrate that these methods are more practical than the traditional direct solvers of the implicit difference methods, in terms of memory requirement and computational cost.
description: 31 pages,12 tables,8 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1510.05089 by other authors
Ensemble representation learning: an analysis of fitness and survival for wrapper-based genetic programming methods
Creators: name: La Cava, William
name: Moore, Jason H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently we proposed a general, ensemble-based feature engineering wrapper (FEW) that was paired with a number of machine learning methods to solve regression problems. Here, we adapt FEW for supervised classification and perform a thorough analysis of fitness and survival methods within this framework. Our tests demonstrate that two fitness metrics, one introduced as an adaptation of the silhouette score, outperform the more commonly used Fisher criterion. We analyze survival methods and demonstrate that $ε$-lexicase survival works best across our test problems, followed by random survival which outperforms both tournament and deterministic crowding. We conduct a benchmark comparison to several classification methods using a large set of problems and show that FEW can improve the best classifier performance in several cases. We show that FEW generates consistent, meaningful features for a biomedical problem with different ML pairings.
description: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO) 2017, Berlin, Germany
Detecting causal associations in large nonlinear time series datasets
Creators: name: Runge, Jakob
name: Nowack, Peer
name: Kretschmer, Marlene
name: Flaxman, Seth
name: Sejdinovic, Dino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identifying causal relationships from observational time series data is a key problem in disciplines such as climate science or neuroscience, where experiments are often not possible. Data-driven causal inference is challenging since datasets are often high-dimensional and nonlinear with limited sample sizes. Here we introduce a novel method that flexibly combines linear or nonlinear conditional independence tests with a causal discovery algorithm that allows to reconstruct causal networks from large-scale time series datasets. We validate the method on a well-established climatic teleconnection connecting the tropical Pacific with extra-tropical temperatures and using large-scale synthetic datasets mimicking the typical properties of real data. The experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms alternative techniques in detection power from small to large-scale datasets and opens up entirely new possibilities to discover causal networks from time series across a range of research fields.
description: 46 pages, 19 figures
Equivalence of restricted Boltzmann machines and tensor network states
Creators: name: Chen, Jing
name: Cheng, Song
name: Xie, Haidong
name: Wang, Lei
name: Xiang, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) is one of the fundamental building blocks of deep learning. RBM finds wide applications in dimensional reduction, feature extraction, and recommender systems via modeling the probability distributions of a variety of input data including natural images, speech signals, and customer ratings, etc. We build a bridge between RBM and tensor network states (TNS) widely used in quantum many-body physics research. We devise efficient algorithms to translate an RBM into the commonly used TNS. Conversely, we give sufficient and necessary conditions to determine whether a TNS can be transformed into an RBM of given architectures. Revealing these general and constructive connections can cross-fertilize both deep learning and quantum many-body physics. Notably, by exploiting the entanglement entropy bound of TNS, we can rigorously quantify the expressive power of RBM on complex data sets. Insights into TNS and its entanglement capacity can guide the design of more powerful deep learning architectures. On the other hand, RBM can represent quantum many-body states with fewer parameters compared to TNS, which may allow more efficient classical simulations.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures + 2 appendices; Code implementations at https://github.com/yzcj105/rbm2mps
DeepSleepNet: a Model for Automatic Sleep Stage Scoring based on Raw Single-Channel EEG
Creators: name: Supratak, Akara
name: Dong, Hao
name: Wu, Chao
name: Guo, Yike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The present study proposes a deep learning model, named DeepSleepNet, for automatic sleep stage scoring based on raw single-channel EEG. Most of the existing methods rely on hand-engineered features which require prior knowledge of sleep analysis. Only a few of them encode the temporal information such as transition rules, which is important for identifying the next sleep stages, into the extracted features. In the proposed model, we utilize Convolutional Neural Networks to extract time-invariant features, and bidirectional-Long Short-Term Memory to learn transition rules among sleep stages automatically from EEG epochs. We implement a two-step training algorithm to train our model efficiently. We evaluated our model using different single-channel EEGs (F4-EOG(Left), Fpz-Cz and Pz-Oz) from two public sleep datasets, that have different properties (e.g., sampling rate) and scoring standards (AASM and R&K). The results showed that our model achieved similar overall accuracy and macro F1-score (MASS: 86.2%-81.7, Sleep-EDF: 82.0%-76.9) compared to the state-of-the-art methods (MASS: 85.9%-80.5, Sleep-EDF: 78.9%-73.7) on both datasets. This demonstrated that, without changing the model architecture and the training algorithm, our model could automatically learn features for sleep stage scoring from different raw single-channel EEGs from different datasets without utilizing any hand-engineered features.
description: This article has been published in IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering
Robust doubly charged nodal lines and nodal surfaces in centrosymmetric systems
Creators: name: Bzdušek, Tomáš
name: Sigrist, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weyl points in three spatial dimensions are characterized by a $\mathbb{Z}$-valued charge -- the Chern number -- which makes them stable against a wide range of perturbations. A set of Weyl points can mutually annihilate only if their net charge vanishes, a property we refer to as robustness. While nodal loops are usually not robust in this sense, it has recently been shown using homotopy arguments that in the centrosymmetric extension of the $\textrm{AI}$ symmetry class they nevertheless develop a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ charge analogous to the Chern number. Nodal loops carrying a non-trivial value of this $\mathbb{Z}_2$ charge are robust, i.e. they can be gapped out only by a pairwise annihilation and not on their own. As this is an additional charge independent of the Berry $π$-phase flowing along the band degeneracy, such nodal loops are, in fact, doubly charged. In this manuscript, we generalize the homotopy discussion to the centrosymmetric extensions of all Atland-Zirnbauer classes. We develop a taylored mathematical framework dubbed the AZ+$\mathcal{I}$ classification and show that in three spatial dimensions such robust and multiply charged nodes appear in four of such centrosymmetric extensions, namely AZ+$\mathcal{I}$ classes $\textrm{CI}$ and $\textrm{AI}$ lead to doubly charged nodal lines, while $\textrm{D}$ and $\textrm{BDI}$ support doubly charged nodal surfaces. We remark that no further crystalline symmetries apart from the spatial inversion are necessary for their stability. We provide a description of the corresponding topological charges, and develop simple tight-binding models of various semimetallic and superconducting phases that exhibit these nodes. We also indicate how the concept of robust and multiply charged nodes generalizes to other spatial dimensions.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables
Charged rotating BTZ black holes in noncommutative spaces and torsion gravity
Creators: name: Kawamoto, Shoichi
name: Nagasaki, Koichi
name: Wen, Wen-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider charged rotating BTZ black holes in noncommutative space by use of Chern-Simons theory formulation of $2+1$ dimensional gravity. The noncommutativity between the radial and the angular variables is introduced through the Seiberg-Witten map for gauge fields, and the deformed geometry to the first order in the noncommutative parameter is derived. It is found that the deformation also induces nontrivial torsion, and the Einstein-Cartan theory appears to be a suitable framework to investigate the equations of motion. Though the deformation is indeed nontrivial, the deformed and the original Einstein equations are found to be related by a rather simple coordinate transformation.
description: 20 pages, no figure; Version to appear in PTEP
Topological Properties of the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Multi-Weyl Semimetals
Creators: name: Hayata, Tomoya
name: Kikuchi, Yuta
name: Tanizaki, Yuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the chiral magnetic effect (CME) in multi-Weyl semimetals (multi-WSMs) based on the chiral kinetic theory. Multi-WSMs are WSMs with multiple monopole charges that have nonlinear and anisotropic dispersion relations near Weyl points, and we need to extend conventional computation of CME in WSMs with linear dispersion relations. Topological properties of CME in multi-WSMs are investigated in details for not only static magnetic fields but also time-dependent (dynamic) ones. We propose an experimental setup to measure the multiple monopole charge via the topological nature hidden in the dynamic CME.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure; version accepted for publication in PRB
Unified Model of D-Term Inflation
Creators: name: Domcke, Valerie
name: Schmitz, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid inflation, driven by a Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) D term, is an intriguing inflationary model. In its usual formulation, it however suffers from several shortcomings. These pertain to the origin of the FI mass scale, the stability of scalar fields during inflation, gravitational corrections in supergravity, as well as to the latest constraints from the cosmic microwave background. We demonstrate that these issues can be remedied if D-term inflation is realized in the context of strongly coupled supersymmetric gauge theories. We suppose that the D term is generated in consequence of dynamical supersymmetry breaking. Moreover, we assume canonical kinetic terms in the Jordan frame as well as an approximate shift symmetry along the inflaton direction. This provides us with a unified picture of D-term inflation and high-scale supersymmetry breaking. The D term may be associated with a gauged U(1)_B-L, so that the end of inflation spontaneously breaks B-L in the visible sector.
description: 5 pages + references, 1 figure. v2: slightly extended discussion, updated references, matches version published in PRD
On ${\bf Q}_{6}$ flavor symmetry and the breaking of $μ\leftrightarrow τ$ symmetry
Creators: name: Gómez-Izquierdo, Juan Carlos
name: Gonzalez-Canales, F.
name: Mondragón, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the simplest version of a $\mathbf{Q}_{6}$ flavored supersymmetric model, we analyze the leptonic masses and mixings in the framework of a soft breaking of the $μ\leftrightarrow τ$ symmetry. This breaking is controlled by the inequality $m_{eτ}\neq m_{eμ}$ in the effective neutrino mass. As a consequence of this breaking, the reactor and atmospheric angle are deviate from $0^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$, respectively. Such deviations can be enhanced or suppressed by the CP parities in the Majorana phases, so that an analytic study is carried out to remark their importance to constrain the free parameters that accommodate the mixing angles. The normal hierarchy is completely discarded in this model, the inverted hierarchy is less favored than the degenerate one where the reactor and atmospheric angles are in good agreement with the experimental data. Additionally, the model predicts defined regions for the effective neutrino mass decay, the neutrino mass scale and the sum of the neutrino mass in the inverted and degenerate mass spectrum. Thus, this model may be testable by future experiments that focus in neutrinoless double beta decay.
description: 21 pages, 20 figures. Improved version, new figures and references added. New section included. Conclusions unchanged. Version accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics A