cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Extreme Weather Events and Climate Variability Provide a Lens to How Shallow Lakes May Respond to Climate Change
Creators: name: Paerl, Hans
name: Srifa, Akeapot
name: Havens, Karl
name: Zhu, Mengyuan
name: Beaver, John
name: Phlips, Edward
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Shallow lakes, particularly those in low-lying areas of the subtropics, are highly vulnerable to changes in climate associated with global warming. Many of these lakes are in tropical cyclone strike zones and they experience high inter-seasonal and inter-annual variation in rainfall and runoff. Both of those factors strongly modulate sediment–water column interactions, which play a critical role in shallow lake nutrient cycling, water column irradiance characteristics and cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom (CyanoHAB) dynamics. We illustrate this with three examples, using long-term (15–25 years) datasets on water quality and plankton from three shallow lakes: Lakes Okeechobee and George (Florida, USA) and Lake Taihu (China). Okeechobee and Taihu have been impacted repeatedly by tropical cyclones that have resulted in large amounts of runoff and sediment resuspension, and resultant increases in dissolved nutrients in the water column. In both cases, when turbidity declined, major blooms of the toxic CyanoHAB Microcystis aeruginosa occurred over large areas of the lakes. In Lake George, periods of high rainfall resulted in high dissolved color, reduced irradiance, and increased water turnover rates which suppress blooms, whereas in dry periods with lower water color and water turnover rates there were dense cyanobacteria blooms. We identify a suite of factors which, from our experience, will determine how a particular shallow lake will respond to a future with global warming, flashier rainfall, prolonged droughts and stronger tropical cyclones.
Innovation and functional hybridisation for new motorway infrastructure serving the local territory. Project scenarios: the Hybrid Park
Creators: name: Tartaglia, Andrea
name: Cerati, Davide
Publisher: name: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment
Year: 2016

description: Le relazioni che le infrastrutture sviluppano con il territorio sono in continua evoluzione, come anche i modelli progettuali per integrare tutela del paesaggio e sviluppo territoriale. Tali modelli sono poco applicati nel contesto italiano poiché le infrastrutture autostradali rappresentano ancora un ‘corpo estraneo’ nel territorio e stentano a evolversi – come invece in altri contesti europei – in un sistema articolato e multifunzionale di servizi in grado di generare diversificate ricadute di carattere ecologico, sociale e economico. Le infrastrutture di nuova concezione assumono una dimensione strategica per la competitività territoriale quando sono capaci di diventare luoghi a forte permeabilità con il territorio circostante, di facilitare l’interscambio delle merci, di combinare nuovi modelli di vendita delle merci, sia in chiave di proposta che di pagamento, e di proporre una mixitè funzionale in grado di rispondere a opportunità occupazionali sempre più fluide e meno ancorate alla fisicità del luogo di lavoro. Una interessante opportunità per sperimentare nuove modalità di relazione tra infrastrutture, territorio e servizi è rappresentata dalla recente iniziativa promossa da Enel nell'ambito del progetto FUTUR-E, con il lancio di un concorso di progettazione per la riqualificazione della centrale turbogas di Alessandria, localizzata in fregio all’autostrada A21 Torino-Piacenza. In tale contesto, la proposta progettuale sviluppata da alcuni ricercatori del Politecnico di Milano prefigura una risposta puntuale, verificata nella fattibilità economica e radicata nelle vocazioni produttive e sociali del luogo in cui l’ibridazione tra le diverse funzioni rappresenta una concreta possibilità per definire innovativi modelli infrastrutturali a servizio dei territori locale, replicabili in altri contesti.
description: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, TECHNE 11 (2016): Infrastructures
Modeling PM 2.5 Concentrations using Machine and Deep Learning: Case of Delhi City
Creators: name: Vemuri, Sriram
name: Singh, Aditya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Delhi
Air Quality
Particulate Matter
Machine Learning

description: Delhi is one of the most polluted cities in the world, with air pollution levels that far exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The concentration of PM2.5 in Delhi is far above the WHO standards. PM2.5 is a type of particulate matter that is small enough to enter the lungs and bloodstream, and it has been linked to a number of health problems. The high levels of air pollution in Delhi have a significant impact on public health. This study developed a model to predict PM2.5 concentrations in Delhi using various remote sensing-based land use indicators, such as the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), impervious surfaces, Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), air temperature, and wind speed. Machine learning algorithms, such as support vector regression (SVRs), random forests (RFs), and multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs), were used to build the regression models. The Random Forest model achieved the best performance on a validation set of data, so it was selected as the final model.
Universal behavior beyond multifractality of wave-functions at measurement--induced phase transitions
Creators: name: Sierant, Piotr
name: Turkeshi, Xhek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structure of many-body wave functions of 1D quantum circuits with local measurements employing the participation entropies. The leading term in system size dependence of participation entropy indicates a model dependent multifractal scaling of the wave-functions at any non-zero measurement rate. The sub-leading term contains universal information about measurement-induced phase transitions and plays the role of an order parameter, being constant non-zero in the error correcting phase and vanishing in the quantum Zeno phase. We provide robust numerical evidence investigating a variety of quantum many-body systems, and provide an analytical interpretation of this behavior expressing the participation entropy in terms of partition functions of classical statistical models in 2D.
description: 4+16 pages, added new results on universality and extended discussions, comments welcome
Development and enhancement of football stadiums. Strategies, tools and opportunities for establishing an italian model
Creators: name: Chierici, Pietro
Publisher: name: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment
Year: 2016

description: Da diversi anni in Europa è in atto un processo di cambiamento del concetto di stadio, che da semplice contenitore di eventi si è trasformato in una infrastruttura che promuove e produce servizi, divenendo un centro di profitto autonomo in grado di generare opportunità finanziarie, localizzative e professionali. In Italia il processo di valorizzazione delle strutture sportive risulta in ampio ritardo, manifestando la necessità di introdurre una nuova modalità di gestione degli impianti e di interazione con il territorio così da rispondere alle esigenze della dinamicità del mercato e delle politiche di sviluppo locale, risolvendo l’annosa problematica del rapporto tra stadio e città consolidata. In particolare, il tema della riqualificazione e riconversione degli stadi italiani, poco frequentati e in stato di precaria manutenzione, si pone quale fulcro strategico degli interventi, al fine di migliorare l’assetto funzionale delle strutture esistenti, valorizzarne l’inserimento nelle comunità di appartenenza e promuoverne nuove modalità di gestione. Sulla base del recente apparato normativo e procedurale nonché dell’introduzione di rinnovati strumenti di finanziamento, il contributo intende analizzare un possibile percorso di valorizzazione degli stadi italiani, con l’obiettivo di delineare una strategia operativa desunta da esperienze di successo europee, adeguata al contesto legislativo nazionale e ai modelli di pianificazione urbana e territoriale.
description: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, TECHNE 11 (2016): Infrastructures
Adams inequalities with exact growth condition for Riesz-like potentials on $\mathbb{R}^n$
Creators: name: Qin, Liuyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E35, 26D10

description: We derive sharp Adams inequalities with exact growth condition for the Riesz potential as well as more general Riesz-like potentials on R^n. We also obtain Moser-Trudinger inequalities with exact growth condition for the fractional Laplacian, and for general homogeneous elliptic differential operators with constant coefficients.
description: 42 pages. Several typos, omissions were corrected. Some of the references are corrected. Proof of Lemma 1 was added to Appendix A
The construction of a territory in the Alps. Infrastructure for mass tourism
Creators: name: Franco, Caterina
name: Maumi, Cathrine
Publisher: name: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment
Year: 2016

description: La ricerca si interessa alle stazioni sciistiche realizzate sulle Alpi Italo-Francesi tra la fine degli anni Cinquanta e la metà degli anni Settanta. Insediamenti d’alta quota, rappresentano un modello urbanistico concentrato nello spazio e pensato per essere autosufficiente. In seguito a uno studio dello stato dell’arte e ad una presa coscienza dei problemi del patrimonio esistente, si propone di rileggere la storia della costruzione di centri turistici attraverso l’evoluzione del loro rapporto con il contesto. Da uno studio dell’oggetto architettonico si passa all’analisi di infrastrutture a scala locale e sovra-locale. L’ipotesi che muove la ricerca vede la connessione al territorio come elemento strategico per riflettere a un superamento delle criticità attuali.
description: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, TECHNE 11 (2016): Infrastructures
Additional symmetries of the extended bigraded Toda hierarchy
Creators: name: Bakalov, Bojko
name: Wheeless, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 37K35, Secondary 37K10, 53D45

description: The extended bigraded Toda hierarchy (EBTH) is an integrable system satisfied by the total descendant potential of $\mathbb{CP}^1$ with two orbifold points. We construct additional symmetries of the EBTH and describe explicitly their action on the Lax operator, wave operators, and tau-function of the hierarchy. In particular, we obtain infinitesimal symmetries of the EBTH that act on the tau-function as a subalgebra of the Virasoro algebra, generalizing those of Dubrovin and Zhang.
description: 26 pages; v2 minor changes
Multi-platform single cell transcriptomic profiling as a benchmarking resource
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2018
Subjects: transcriptome
Multispecies

description: We generated those datasets to provide a publicly available resource for scRNA-seq, hoping that this resource serves as a starting point to systematically compare and benchmark different sequencing protocols. Two popular model cell lines were selected as starting materials, considering that there are also other types of datasets generated under different experimental perturbations.
Hydrogen Burning in Low Mass Stars Constrains Alternative Gravity Theories
Creators: name: Sakstein, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most general scalar-tensor theories of gravity predict a weakening of the gravitational force inside astrophysical bodies. There is a minimum mass for hydrogen burning in stars that is set by the interplay of plasma physics and the theory of gravity. We calculate this for alternative theories of gravity, and find that it is always significantly larger than the general relativity prediction. The observation of several low mass Red Dwarf stars therefore rules out a large class of scalar-tensor gravity theories, and places strong constraints on the cosmological parameters appearing in the effective field theory of dark energy.
description: Updated to correct mistake in equation (6) that changed figure 1 and the bound on \Upsilon
Investigating Multiple Household Water Sources and Uses with a Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI) Survey
Creators: name: MacDonald, Morgan C.
name: Bartram, Jamie
name: Chan, Terence
name: Kearton, Annika
name: Elliott, Mark
name: Hadwen, Wade L.
name: Shields, Katherine F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The investigation of multiple sources in household water management is considered overly complicated and time consuming using paper and pen interviewing (PAPI). We assess the advantages of computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) in Pacific Island Countries (PICs). We adapted an existing PAPI survey on multiple water sources and expanded it to incorporate location of water use and the impacts of extreme weather events using SurveyCTO on Android tablets. We then compared the efficiency and accuracy of data collection using the PAPI version (n = 44) with the CAPI version (n = 291), including interview duration, error rate and trends in interview duration with enumerator experience. CAPI surveys facilitated high-quality data collection and were an average of 15.2 min faster than PAPI. CAPI survey duration decreased by 0.55% per survey delivered (p < 0.0001), whilst embedded skip patterns and answer lists lowered data entry error rates, relative to PAPI (p < 0.0001). Large-scale household surveys commonly used in global monitoring and evaluation do not differentiate multiple water sources and uses. CAPI equips water researchers with a quick and reliable tool to address these knowledge gaps and advance our understanding of development research priorities.
Sustainable mobility as a way for upgrading urban street infrastructures: a methodological approach
Creators: name: Martincigh, Lucia
name: Di Guida, Marina
Publisher: name: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment
Year: 2016

description: Per migliorare la vivibilità dell’ambiente urbano e garantire un’accessibilità diffusa sembra utile affrontare il ridisegno delle strade e degli spazi pubblici in sinergia con la riorganizzazione della mobilità in chiave sostenibile. Questo contributo si riferisce a ricerche e sperimentazioni, svolte e in corso, che a tal fine hanno analizzato limiti e possibilità di applicazione dello strumento dell’Isola Ambientale e di uno specifico approccio progettuale, verificandolo poi in due quartieri universitari della città di Roma.
description: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, TECHNE 11 (2016): Infrastructures
Sediment Deposition at the Caernarvon Crevasse during the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927: Implications for Coastal Restoration
Creators: name: Cable, Jaye E.
name: Kemp, G.Paul
name: Lane, Robert R.
name: Day, John W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: During the 1927 Mississippi flood, the levee was dynamited downstream of New Orleans creating a 2 km wide crevasse that inundated the Breton Sound estuary and deposited a crevasse splay of about 130 km2. We measured sediment deposition in the splay that consisted of a silty-clay layer bounded by aged peat below and living roots above. Based on coring, we developed a map of the crevasse splay. The clay layer ranged from 2 to 42 cm thick and occurred 24 to 55 cm below the surface. Bulk density of the clay layer decreased and soil organic matter increased with distance from the river. 210Pbexcess and 137Cs dating an age of ~1926–1929 for the top of the layer. During the flood event, deposition was at least 22 mm·month−1—10 times the annual post-1927 deposition. The crevasse splay captured from 55% to 75% of suspended sediments that flowed in from the river. The 1927 crevasse deposition shows how pulsed flooding can enhance sediment capture efficiency and deposition and serves as an example for large planned diversions for Mississippi delta restoration.
Beating the thermal limit of qubit initialization with a Bayesian Maxwell's demon
Creators: name: Johnson, Mark A. I.
name: Mądzik, Mateusz T.
name: Hudson, Fay E.
name: Itoh, Kohei M.
name: Jakob, Alexander M.
name: Jamieson, David N.
name: Dzurak, Andrew
name: Morello, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fault-tolerant quantum computing requires initializing the quantum register in a well-defined fiducial state. In solid-state systems, this is typically achieved through thermalization to a cold reservoir, such that the initialization fidelity is fundamentally limited by temperature. Here, we present a method of preparing a fiducial quantum state with a confidence beyond the thermal limit. It is based on real time monitoring of the qubit through a negative-result measurement -- the equivalent of a `Maxwell's demon' that triggers the experiment only upon the appearance of a qubit in the lowest-energy state. We experimentally apply it to initialize an electron spin qubit in silicon, achieving a ground-state initialization fidelity of 98.9(4)%, corresponding to a 20$\times$ reduction in initialization error compared to the unmonitored system. A fidelity approaching 99.9% could be achieved with realistic improvements in the bandwidth of the amplifier chain or by slowing down the rate of electron tunneling from the reservoir. We use a nuclear spin ancilla, measured in quantum nondemolition mode, to prove the value of the electron initialization fidelity far beyond the intrinsic fidelity of the electron readout. However, the method itself does not require an ancilla for its execution, saving the need for additional resources. The quantitative analysis of the initialization fidelity reveals that a simple picture of spin-dependent electron tunneling does not correctly describe the data. Our digital `Maxwell's demon' can be applied to a wide range of quantum systems, with minimal demands on control and detection hardware.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
The requalification of the informal city. The favela Serrinha in Florianopolis
Creators: name: Bologna, Roberto
Publisher: name: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment
Year: 2016

description: A fronte del crescente fenomeno della “urbanization of poverty” l’articolo illustra alcune strategie progettuali tipologiche e tecnologiche per la riqualificazione sostenibile e l’incremento della resilienza degli insediamenti informali con particolare riferimento ad una favela brasiliana. Le proposte si basano sul concetto di infrastruttura quale supporto fisico essenziale del sistema residenziale e principio regolatore della rigenerazione dell’insediamento. A partire da una indagine eseguita direttamente sul campo, si ipotizzano soluzioni progettuali tecniche e costruttive compatibili con le caratteristiche del contesto ambientale, culturale, sociale ed in grado di promuovere il mantenimento e lo sviluppo di un’economia della comunità locale e la integrazione sociale e spaziale della comunità della favela nella città formale.
description: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, TECHNE 11 (2016): Infrastructures
Modeling Maintenance of Long-Term Potentiation in Clustered Synapses, Long-Term Memory Without Bistability
Creators: name: Smolen, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Memories are stored, at least partly, as patterns of strong synapses. Given molecular turnover, how can synapses maintain strong for the years that memories can persist? Some models postulate that biochemical bistability maintains strong synapses. However, bistability should give a bimodal distribution of synaptic strength or weight, whereas current data show unimodal distributions for weights and for a correlated variable, dendritic spine volume. Bistability of single synapses has also never been empirically demonstrated. Thus it is important for models to simulate both unimodal distributions and long-term memory persistence. Here a model is developed that connects ongoing, competing processes of synaptic growth and weakening to stochastic processes of receptor insertion and removal in dendritic spines. The model simulates long-term (in excess of 1 yr) persistence of groups of strong synapses. A unimodal weight distribution results. For stability of this distribution it proved essential to incorporate resource competition between synapses organized into small clusters. With competition, these clusters are stable for years. These simulations concur with recent data to support the clustered plasticity hypothesis, which suggests clusters, rather than single synaptic contacts, may be a fundamental unit for storage of long-term memory. The model makes empirical predictions, and may provide a framework to investigate mechanisms maintaining the balance between synaptic plasticity and stability of memory.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
siRNA-based assembly of bee viral genomes
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2017
Subjects: raw sequence reads
Multiisolate

description: Over the last decade, honey bee population decline has been reported in North America, Europe and few regions of Asia. This has been associated with different factors including RNA viruses. This has led to an increase in bee virus research. Recent studies on the immune response of honey bees to RNA virus infection have shown that deep sequencing of siRNA can be used as tool for detection and sequencing of these viruses. For the first time, we demonstrate that this tool can be used to assemble complete bee RNA viral genomes, and to confirm infectivity in the host.
Mouth development
Creators: name: Saldanha, Francesca
name: Sive, Hazel
name: Chen, Justin
name: Jacox, Laura A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: A mouth is present in all animals, and comprises an opening from the outside into the oral cavity and the beginnings of the digestive tract to allow eating. This review focuses on the earliest steps in mouth formation. In the first half, we conclude that the mouth arose once during evolution. In all animals, the mouth forms from ectoderm and endoderm. A direct association of oral ectoderm and digestive endoderm is present even in triploblastic animals, and in chordates, this region is known as the extreme anterior domain (EAD). Further support for a single origin of the mouth is a conserved set of genes that form a 'mouth gene program' including foxA and otx2. In the second half of this review, we discuss steps involved in vertebrate mouth formation, using the frog Xenopus as a model. The vertebrate mouth derives from oral ectoderm from the anterior neural ridge, pharyngeal endoderm and cranial neural crest (NC). Vertebrates form a mouth by breaking through the body covering in a precise sequence including specification of EAD ectoderm and endoderm as well as NC, formation of a 'pre-mouth array,' basement membrane dissolution, stomodeum formation, and buccopharyngeal membrane perforation. In Xenopus, the EAD is also a craniofacial organizer that guides NC, while reciprocally, the NC signals to the EAD to elicit its morphogenesis into a pre-mouth array. Human mouth anomalies are prevalent and are affected by genetic and environmental factors, with understanding guided in part by use of animal models. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e275. doi: 10.1002/wdev.275 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Infrastructure and public space / infrastructure of public space: the case of the metropolis of São Paulo, Brazil
Creators: name: Daprà, Francesca
Publisher: name: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment
Year: 2016

description: Tema centrale del contributo è il rapporto tra le infrastrutture della mobilità e gli spazi pubblici degradati limitrofi, dove l’esperienza della città di São Paulo, presa in esame come caso studio, diviene buona pratica per la creazione di una nuova infrastruttura, definita di mobilità leggera, che va ad innestarsi sulle reti esistenti, sfruttandone l’accessibilità e le potenzialità per la rigenerazione degli spazi pubblici degradati del centro storico. Una metodologia di analisi e una serie di strategie di rigenerazione sono state studiate per essere applicate a tutti gli spazi pubblici della città e ad altre situazioni affini presenti nei centri storici delle città brasiliane.
description: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, TECHNE 11 (2016): Infrastructures
Strong enhancement of conventional superconductivity near a quantum critical point of (Ca,Sr)_3Ir_4Sn_13
Creators: name: Biswas, P. K.
name: Guguchia, Z.
name: Khasanov, R.
name: Chinotti, M.
name: Li, L.
name: Wang, Kefeng
name: Petrovic, C.
name: Morenzoni, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Competing electronic states are found in the large majority of unconventional superconductors, including high-Tc cuprates, iron based superconductors and many heavy fermion systems. The complex interplay is reflected in phase diagrams as a function of doping or other tuning parameters involving besides superconducting other phases (often magnetic) and quantum critical points. Superconductivity is also found in the vicinity of charge density wave (CDW) order in phase diagrams reminiscent of superconductivity mediated by magnetic fluctuations. There is however less knowledge about the interplay of superconductivity and CDW compared to the magnetic analogon. Here we report about microscopic studies by muon spin rotation as a function of pressure of the Ca_3Ir_4Sn_13 and Sr_3Ir_4Sn_13 cubic compounds, which display superconductivity and a structural phase transition associated with the formation of a CDW. We find a strong enhancement of the superfluid density and of the coupling strength above a pressure of about 1.6 GPa giving direct evidence of the presence of a quantum critical point separating a superconducting phase coexisting with CDW from a pure superconducting phase. The superconducting order parameter in both phases are found to have the same s-wave symmetry. In spite of the conventional phonon-mediated BCS character of this compound, the dependence of the effective superfluid density on the critical temperature puts this system in the "Uemura" plot close to unconventional superconductors.
description: accepted for publication Phys. Rev. B
Humidity, the Dominating Force of Thermal Updrafts
Creators: name: Predelli, Oliver
name: Niederhagen, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements with a glider show that thermal theories published for decades need to be revised. We present a corrected view of temperature and humidity in thermal updrafts.
description: To be published in Technical Soaring
Implementation of the CRPA model in the GENIE event generator and analysis of nuclear effects in low-energy transfer neutrino-nucleus interactions
Creators: name: Dolan, S.
name: Nikolakopoulos, A.
name: Page, O.
name: Gardiner, S.
name: Jachowicz, N.
name: Pandey, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the implementation and validation of the Hartree-Fock continuum random phase approximation (HF-CRPA) model in the GENIE neutrino-nucleus interaction event generator and a comparison of the subsequent predictions to experimental measurements of lepton kinematics from interactions with no mesons in the final state. These predictions are also compared to those of other models available in GENIE. It is shown that, with respect to these models, HF-CRPA predicts a significantly different evolution of the cross section when moving between different interaction targets, when considering incoming anti-neutrinos compared to neutrinos and when changing neutrino energies. These differences are most apparent for interactions with low energy and momentum transfer. It is also clear that the impact of nucleon correlations within the HF-CRPA framework is very different than in GENIE's standard implementation of RPA corrections. Since many neutrino oscillation experiments rely on their input model to extrapolate between targets, flavours, and neutrino energies, the newly implemented HF-CRPA model provides a useful means to verify that such differences between models are appropriately covered in oscillation analysis systematic error budgets.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures. Version concurrent with published paper. Metadata updated
Nanoparticle-motivated gene delivery for ophthalmic application: Nano-vehicle for ocular gene delivery
Creators: name: Mitra, Rajendra Narayan
name: Zheng, Min
name: Han, Zongchao
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Ophthalmic gene therapy is an intellectual and intentional manipulation of desired gene expression into the specific cells of an eye for the treatment of ophthalmic (ocular) genetic dystrophies and pathological conditions. Exogenous nucleic acids such as DNA, small interfering RNA (siRNA), micro RNA (miRNA), etc., are used for the purpose of managing expression of the desired therapeutic proteins in ocular tissues. The delivery of unprotected nucleic acids into the cells is limited due to exogenous and endogenous degradation modalities. Nanotechnology, a promising and sophisticated cutting edge tool, works as a protective shelter for these therapeutic nucleic acids. They are able to be safely delivered to the required cells in order to modulate anticipated protein expression. To this end, nanotechnology is seen as a potential and promising strategy in the field of ocular gene delivery. This review focused on current nanotechnology modalities and other promising non-viral strategies being used to deliver therapeutic genes in order to treat various devastating ocular diseases.
Homo sapiens Transcriptome or Gene expression
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2018
Subjects: raw sequence reads
Multiisolate

description: we report scCAT-seq, a technique for simultaneously assaying chromatin accessibility and the transcriptome within the same single cell. By applying our integrated approach to multiple cancer cell lines, we discovered genomic loci with coordinated epigenomic and transcriptomic variability. In addition, decomposition of combined single-cell chromatin accessibility and gene expression features by a non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) based method identified signatures reflecting cell type specificity and revealed a profound regulatory relationship between the two layers of omics. We further characterized subpopulations associated with distinct regulatory patterns within patient-derived xenograft models and discovered epigenomic and transcriptomic clues that drive tumor heterogeneity. The ability to obtain these two layers of omics data will help provide more accurate definitions of “single cell states” and enable the deconvolution of regulatory heterogeneity from complex cell populations.
First-principle study on bulk and (1 1 1) surface of MP (M=K and Rb) in rocksalt structure
Creators: name: Gao, Qiang
name: Xie, Huan-Huan
name: Li, Lei
name: Lei, Gang
name: Wang, Ke
name: Deng, Jian-Bo
name: Hu, Xian-Ru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic and magnetic properties of bulk and (1 1 1) surfaces for MP (M=K ans Rb) in rocksalt structure have been investigated by employing first-principle calculations. The results reveal that the compounds are half-metallic ferromagnets at the equilibrium lattice constants with large half-metallic band gaps of 0.46 and 0.74 eV. The (111) surfaces of KP and RbP keep their bulk half-metallic property. We study the stabilities of the bulk compounds and their (1 1 1) surfaces as well.
description: 22pages, 8figures
Electroweak relaxation from finite temperature
Creators: name: Hardy, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theories which naturally select a vacuum with parametrically small Electroweak Scale due to finite temperature effects in the early universe. In particular, there is a scalar with an approximate shift symmetry broken by a technically natural small coupling to the Higgs, and a temperature dependent potential. As the temperature of the universe drops, the scalar follows the minimum of its potential altering the Higgs mass squared parameter. The scalar also has a periodic potential with amplitude proportional to the Higgs expectation value, which traps it in a vacuum with a small Electroweak Scale. The required temperature dependence of the potential can occur through strong coupling effects in a hidden sector that are suppressed at high temperatures. Alternatively, it can be generated perturbatively from a one-loop thermal potential. In both cases, for the scalar to be displaced, a hidden sector must be reheated to temperatures significantly higher than the visible sector. However this does not violate observational constraints provided the hidden sector energy density is transferred to the visible sector without disrupting big bang nucleosynthesis. We also study how the mechanism can be implemented when the visible sector is completed to the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model at a high scale. Models with a UV cutoff of 10 TeV and no fields taking values over a range greater than 10^12 GeV are possible, although the scalar must have a range of order 10^8 times the effective decay constant in the periodic part of its potential.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure, JHEP version
Network systems and connectivity in the regeneration processes of anthropized contexts
Creators: name: De Martino, Raffaela
name: Franchino, Rossella
name: Frettoloso, Caterina
Publisher: name: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment
Year: 2016

description: A partire dalla condivisione dei principi che guidano la promozione delle infrastrutture verdi a supporto dei processi di rigenerazione dei contesti antropizzati secondo la declinazione del Parlamento Europeo che le considera «come una rete di aree naturali e seminaturali pianificata a livello strategico con altri elementi ambientali, progettata e gestita in maniera da fornire un ampio spettro di servizi ecosistemici» (Infrastrutture verdi: Rafforzare il capitale naturale in Europa, 2013), l’interesse delle autrici si è focalizzato sul ruolo strategico che le reti ecologiche assumono nell’ambito delle suddette infrastrutture e sull’opportunità di integrarle con le altre reti funzionali, con l’obiettivo di costruire relazioni di sinergia e compatibilità ambientale con il contesto circostante.
description: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, TECHNE 11 (2016): Infrastructures
Classical Cepheids and the spiral structure of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Dambis, A. K.
name: Berdnikov, L. N.
name: Efremov, Yu. N.
name: Kniazev, A. Yu.
name: Rastorguev, A. S.
name: Glushkova, E. V.
name: Kravtsov, V. V.
name: Turner, D. G.
name: Majaess, D. J.
name: Sefako, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the currently most complete collection of reliable Cepheid positions (565 stars) out to ~5 kpc based mostly on our photometric data to outline the spiral pattern of our Galaxy. We find the pitch-angle to be equal to 9--10 degrees with the most accurate estimate (i=9.5 +/-0.1 degrees) obtained assuming that the spiral pattern has a four-armed structure, and the solar phase angle in the spiral pattern to be chi_0 = 121+/-3 degrees. The pattern speed is found to be Omega_P=25.2+/-0.5km/s/kpc based on a comparison of the positions of the spiral arms delineated by Cepheids and maser sources and the age difference between these objects.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures. To appear in Astronomy Letters
Gravitational anomaly of 3+1 dimensional Z_2 toric code with fermionic charges and fermionic loop self-statistics
Creators: name: Fidkowski, Lukasz
name: Haah, Jeongwan
name: Hastings, Matthew B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasiparticle excitations in $3+1$ dimensions can be either bosons or fermions. In this work, we introduce the notion of fermionic loop excitations in $3+1$ dimensional topological phases. Specifically, we construct a new many-body lattice invariant of gapped Hamiltonians, the loop self-statistics, that distinguishes two bosonic topological orders that both superficially resemble $3+1$ d ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ gauge theory coupled to fermionic charged matter. The first has fermionic charges and bosonic ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ gauge flux loops (FcBl) and is just the ordinary fermionic toric code. The second has fermionic charges and fermionic loops (FcFl), and, as we argue, can only exist at the boundary of a non-trivial 4+1d invertible bosonic phase, stable without any symmetries, i.e. it possesses a gravitational anomaly. We substantiate these claims by constructing an explicit exactly solvable $4+1$ d Walker-Wang model and computing the loop self-statistics in the fermionic ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ gauge theory hosted at its boundary. We also show that the FcFl phase has the same gravitational anomaly as all-fermion quantum electrodynamics. Our results are in agreement with the recent classification of nondegenerate braided fusion 2-categories by Johnson-Freyd, and with the cobordism prediction of a non-trivial ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ classified $4+1$ d invertible phase with action $S=\frac{1}{2} \int w_2 w_3$.
description: V2: 62 pages, included proof of quantization of the gravitational anomaly indicator, expanded discussion, additional references. Close to published version
Transcending the prediction paradigm: novel applications of SHAPE to RNA function and evolution
Creators: name: Laederach, Alain
name: Kutchko, Katrina M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHAPE) provides information on RNA structure at single-nucleotide resolution. It is most often used in conjunction with RNA secondary structure prediction algorithms as a probabilistic or thermodynamic restraint. With the recent advent of ultra-high-throughput approaches for collecting SHAPE data, the applications of this technology are extending beyond structure prediction. In this review, we discuss recent applications of SHAPE data in the transcriptomic context and how this new experimental paradigm is changing our understanding of these experiments and RNA folding in general. SHAPE experiments probe both the secondary and tertiary structure of an RNA, suggesting that model-free approaches for within and comparative RNA structure analysis can provide significant structural insight without the need for a full structural model. New methods incorporating SHAPE at different nucleotide resolutions are required to parse these transcriptomic data sets to transcend secondary structure modeling with global structural metrics. These 'multiscale' approaches provide deeper insights into RNA global structure, evolution, and function in the cell. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Poster on 'Reactivity of atmospheric radicals with functionalised surfaces' for E-MRS 2023 Fall Meeting
Creators: name: Wolstenholme-Hogg, Amy
name: Iqbal, Naeem
name: Tsetseris, Leonidas
name: Chechik, Victor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: surface chemistry
radical chemistry
atmospheric radicals
radical
environmental monitoring
air quality monitoring
gas sensor
electronic sensor
ozonolysis

description: Currently, detecting radicals is complex, cumbersome and expensive. Only a few labs worldwide can detect radicals. RADICAL is developing a break-through way of detecting radicals with a small, low-cost electronic sensor that can be deployed globally. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are going to be used to functionalise the sensor surface for enabling the detection of specific gas phase molecules. Conclusions: Plasma mas been used to generate OH radicals at a reasonable concentration for reacting with monolayers on glass slides. A library of organic molecules have been exposed to OH radicals and their rates of decay have been monitored by contact angle analysis. Most molecules gave a similar rate of decay upon exposure to OH radicals. Only the perfluoro alkane chains gave a slower rate of decay. This result has been supported by the DFT calculations. Pyrenemethylamine has been used as a fluorescent probe and has shown the presence of carbonyl group after alkane chains have been exposed to plasma. The fluorescence technique will be used to quantify the oxygen-containing functional groups after exposure to plasma and will be used to complement the kinetics study with contact angle analysis.
description: Amy Wolstenholme-Hogg submitted this poster for the European Materials Research Society E-MRS Fall Meeting 2023. RADICAL represents a 'Fundamental Breakthrough in Detection of Atmospheric Free Radicals'. Find out more on the RADICAL project website: radical-air.eu The RADICAL project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 899282.
title: Deutschland und Israel heute: Zwischen Verbundenheit und Entfremdung
Creators: name: Hestermann, Jenny
name: Nathanson, Roby
name: Stetter, Stephan
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
Year: 2022
Subjects: deutsch-israelische Beziehungen

description: Deutschland und Israel haben sich in den vergangenen Dekaden in erstaunlicher Weise angenähert und pflegen heute intensive Beziehungen auf allen Ebenen und in den unterschiedlichsten Bereichen. Zugleich sind die deutsch-israelischen Beziehungen auch heute nicht frei von Missverständnissen und Konflikten. Dies zeigt sich in der Studie: „Deutschland und Israel heute: Zwischen Verbundenheit und Entfremdung”.

Insgesamt sind die deutsch-israelischen Beziehungen heute gute Beziehungen. Allerdings blicken Israelis deutlich positiver auf Deutschland als umgekehrt die deutsche Bevölkerung auf Israel. Und: Gerade bei der jüngeren Generation beider Länder gibt es Anzeichen einer möglichen Entfremdung.
title: Alpine rockwall erosion patterns follow elevation-dependent climate trajectories
Creators: name: Draebing, Daniel
name: Mayer, Till
name: Jacobs, Benjamin
name: McColl, Samuel T.
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Periglacial Processes
subject: Paraglacial Processes
subject: Permafrost
subject: Frost weathering
subject: Glacier
subject: 550

description: Mountainous topography reflects an interplay between tectonic uplift, crustal strength, and climate-conditioned erosion cycles. During glaciations, glacial erosion increases bedrock relief, whereas during interglacials relief is lowered by rockwall erosion. Here, we show that paraglacial, frost cracking and permafrost processes jointly drive postglacial rockwall erosion in our research area. Field observations and modelling experiments demonstrate that all three processes are strongly conditioned by elevation. Our findings on catchment scale provide a potential multi-process explanation for the increase of rockwall erosion rates with elevation across the European Alps. As alpine basins warm during deglaciation, changing intensities and elevation-dependent interactions between periglacial and paraglacial processes result in elevational shifts in rockwall erosion patterns. Future climate warming will shift the intensity and elevation distribution of these processes, resulting in overall lower erosion rates across the Alps, but with more intensified erosion at the highest topography most sensitive to climate change.
Genome sequencing of Faidherbia albida
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2018
Subjects: raw sequence reads
Monoisolate

description: Faidherbia albida is used as a key agroforestry species in traditional African farming systems for hundreds of years due to its key distinctive features like reverse phenology and nitrogen-fixing ability. Although it has attracted the interest of scientists, little is known about its features. The draft genome of F. albida, serves as an important complementary resource to legume genomes, and is valuable for both agroforestry and evolutionary research.
Begonia watuwilensis Girmansyah 2009
Creators: name: Ardi, Wisnu H.
name: Chikmawati, Tatik
name: Witono, Joko R.
name: Thomas, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Cucurbitales
Begoniaceae
Begonia
Begonia watuwilensis

description: 11. Begonia watuwilensis Girmansyah (2009: 70) (Figures 1 & 12)
 Sect. Petermannia
 Type:— INDONESIA. Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi: North Kolaka Regency, Uluiwoi District, Sanggona Village, Mt. Watuwila, 14 May 2008, D. Girmansyah 914 (holotype BO!; isotypes E!, K!, L, US).
 Habitat:— Primary lowland and upland rainforest, on limestone rock or steep slopes on limestone soils, in light to dense shade, at ca. 100–1200 m elevation.
 Distribution: — Indonesia; endemic to Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi (only known from Gunung Watuwila and Matarombeo).
 Notes: — Begonia watuwilensis has protandrous inflorescences, which separates it from the vast majority of species in the large section Petermannia (see Moonlight et al. 2018; Thomas et al. 2018).
 Provisional IUCN conservation assessment: — Endangered EN B1ab(iii),B2ab(iii) (Thomas et al. 2018).
 Additional specimens examined: — INDONESIA. Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi: North Kolaka, 17 Mar. 2006, H.Wiriadinata et al. Deden 574 (BO); North Kolaka, Ranteangin subdistrict, Tinukari village, 04 Aug. 2009. A.Hidayat et al. AH 4149 (BO); North Kolaka, Ranteangin subdistrict, Tinukari village, 17 Dec. 2009, E.A. Widjaja & Agus Suyadi EAW 8881 (BO); Matarombeo, close to Mataraki bridge, 117 m, 18 Feb. 2017, W.H Ardi WI 169 (BO, KRB, SING); Matarombeo, Telaga biru, ca. 14 km west of Mataraki bridge, 115 m, 19 Feb. 2017, W.H. Ardi WI 171 (BO, KRB, SING); Matarombeo, ca. 20 km W of Mataraki bridge, 194 m, 19 Feb. 2017, W.H Ardi WI 177 (BO, KRB, SING); cultivated at Bali Botanic Garden from material collected on Mt. Watuwila, 4 Apr. 2009, D.C Thomas & W.H. Ardi DCT 09-55 (BO, E).
description: Published as part of Ardi, Wisnu H., Chikmawati, Tatik, Witono, Joko R. & Thomas, Daniel C., 2018, A synopsis of Begonia (Begoniaceae) of Southeastern Sulawesi including four new species, pp. 27-50 in Phytotaxa 381 (1) on pages 47-48, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.381.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/13726184