cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New Limits on Local Lorentz Invariance in Mercury and Cesium
Creators: name: Peck, S. K.
name: Kim, D. K.
name: Stein, D.
name: Orbaker, D.
name: Foss, A.
name: Hummon, M. T.
name: Hunter, L. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new bounds on Local Lorentz Invariance (LLI) violation in Cs and Hg. The limits are obtained through the observation of the the spin- precession frequencies of 199Hg and 133Cs atoms in their ground states as a function of the orientation of an applied magnetic field with respect to the fixed stars. We measure the amplitudes of the dipole couplings to a preferred direction in the equatorial plane to be 19(11) nHz for Hg and 9(5) microHz for Cs. The upper bounds established here improve upon previous bounds by about a factor of four. The improvement is primarily due to mounting the apparatus on a rotating table. New bounds are established on several terms in the standard model extension including the first bounds on the spin-couplings of the neutron and proton to the z direction, <7e-30 GeV and <7e-29 GeV, respectively.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
On the anomalous dynamics of capillary rise in porous media
Creators: name: Shikhmurzaev, Yulii
name: Sprittles, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anomalous dynamics of capillary rise in a porous medium discovered experimentally more than a decade ago (Delker et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 (1996) 2902) is described. The developed theory is based on considering the principal modes of motion of the menisci that collectively form the wetting front on the Darcy scale. These modes, which include (i) dynamic wetting mode, (ii) threshold mode and (iii) interface de-pinning process, are incorporated into the boundary conditions for the bulk equations formulated in the regular framework of continuum mechanics of porous media, thus allowing one to consider a general case of three-dimensional flows. The developed theory makes it possible to describe all regimes observed in the experiment, with the time spanning more than four orders of magnitude, and highlights the dominant physical mechanisms at different stages of the process.
The Galactic dust-to-metals ratio and metallicity using gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Watson, Darach
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The metallicity and dust-to-metals ratio of the Galaxy are fundamental parameters in understanding the ISM, but there is still uncertainty surrounding these parameters. In this paper, the dust-to-metals ratio in the Galaxy is determined using the photoelectric absorption of the X-ray afterglows of a sample of several hundred gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to determine the metal column density in combination with Galactic dust maps to determine the line-of-sight dust extinction through the Galaxy in the direction of the GRB. GRB afterglows often have large extragalactic soft X-ray absorptions and therefore the GRB sample's upper-bound will define the Galactic dust-to-metals relation. Using a two-dimensional two-sample KS test, we determine this upper-bound and so derive the dust-to-metals ratio of the Galaxy. We find N_H = 2.2^{+0.3}_{-0.4}e21 cm^-2 A_V assuming solar, Anders & Grevesse (1989), metallicity. This result is consistent with previous findings using bright X-ray sources in the Galaxy. Using the same technique but substituting the HI maps from the Leiden-Argentine-Bonn survey for the dust maps, allows us to place a limit on the metallicity in the Galaxy. We find a metallicity consistent with the Anders & Grevesse (1989) solar values often used in X-ray fitting. Based on this and previous studies, we suggest that the metallicity of a typical ISM sightline through the Galaxy is ~0.25 dex higher than the current best estimate of the solar metallicity. We further show that the dust-to-gas ratio seems to be correlated with the total gas column density, and that this may be due to the metallicity gradient observed toward the Galactic centre. Based on the non-constant nature of the dust-to-gas ratio, we propose that the dust column density, at N_H = 2.2e21 cm^-2 A_V, represents a better proxy for the soft X-ray absorption column density than HI maps.
description: A&A in press, 6 pages, 3 figures
$f(T)$ non-linear massive gravity and the cosmic acceleration
Creators: name: Wu, You
name: Chen, Zu-Cheng
name: Wang, Jiaxin
name: Wei, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the $f(R)$ non-linear massive gravity, we propose a new kind of modified gravity model, namely $f(T)$ non-linear massive gravity, by adding the dRGT mass term reformulated in the vierbein formalism, to the $f(T)$ theory. We then investigate the cosmological evolution of $f(T)$ massive gravity, and constrain it by using the latest observational data. We find that it slightly favors a crossing of the phantom divide line from the quintessence-like phase ($w_{de} > -1$) to the phantom-like one ($w_{de} < -1$) as redshift decreases.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, revtex4, Commun. Theor. Phys. in press; v2: published version
Measurement of the relative branching ratio of B^0_s to J/psi f_{0}(980) to B_{s}{0} to J/psi phi
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
name: Abazov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the relative branching fraction, R_{f_{0}/phi}, of B_{s}^{0} to J/ψf_{0}(980), with f_{0}(980) to pi^+ pi^-, to the process B_{s}^{0} to J/psi phi, with phi to K^+K^-. The J/psi f_{0}(980) final state corresponds to a CP-odd eigenstate of B_{s}^{0} that could be of interest in future studies of CP violation. Using approximately 8fb^-1 of data recorded with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, we find R_{f_{0}/phi} = 0.275 +- 0.041(stat) +- 0.061(syst).
description: submitted to Phys. Rev D RC
Figure S2: Syn-rift carbonate platforms in space and time: testing and refining conceptual models using stratigraphic and seismic numerical forward modelling
Creators: name: Masiero, Isabella
name: Hollis, Cathy
name: Burgess, Pete
name: Manifold, Lucy
name: Gawthorpe, Rob
name: Marshall, Jim
name: Lecomte, Isabella
name: Rotevatn, Atle
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Results of Model run 1-2 showing a sliced 3D view of the models (a and d), a dip-oriented cross-section through each model (b and f), equivalent seismic images of the same cross-section (c and g) and (e), a single chronostratigraphic diagram of the cross-section from Model run 2, to show the development of unconformities caused by eustatic sea-level oscillations. Note how the backstepping stacking pattern characterizing the hangingwall margin of Model run 1 is retained in the overall stratigraphic sequences stacking pattern of Model run 2.
A new transfer-matrix algorithm for exact enumerations: Self-avoiding polygons on the square lattice
Creators: name: Clisby, Nathan
name: Jensen, Iwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a new and more efficient implementation of transfer-matrix methods for exact enumerations of lattice objects. The new method is illustrated by an application to the enumeration of self-avoiding polygons on the square lattice. A detailed comparison with the previous best algorithm shows significant improvement in the running time of the algorithm. The new algorithm is used to extend the enumeration of polygons to length 130 from the previous record of 110.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, IoP style files
Figure S6:Syn-rift carbonate platforms in space and time: testing and refining conceptual models using stratigraphic and seismic numerical forward modelling
Creators: name: Masiero, Isabella
name: Hollis, Cathy
name: Burgess, Pete
name: Manifold, Lucy
name: Gawthorpe, Rob
name: Marshall, Jim
name: Lecomte, Isabella
name: Rotevatn, Atle
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Results of Model run 23-24 showing a sliced 3D view of the models (a, e), a dip-oriented cross-section through each model (c and f), equivalent seismic images of the same cross-section (d and g) and (b), a single chronostratigraphic diagram of the cross-section from Model run 23, to show the development of unconformities caused by coseismic footwall uplift exceeding regional subsidence under constant eustatic sea-level. It is important to notice that a relatively high slip rate (Model run 23 ) generates a small, fringing platform rather than affecting the margin stacking, which is still prograding, albeit at a lower rate. Conversely, the high production rates of the reef facies (Model run 24 ) lead to margin aggradation.
On My Own: The Experience of Youth Who Have Successfully Transitioned Out of Foster Care
Creators: name: Laut, Danae
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Foster care
subject: Youth
subject: resilience

description: The transition out of foster care into adulthood can be a challenging experience for youth leaving the foster care system. I sought to understand the experience of youth who had successfully transitioned out of foster care. The specific research question guiding this study was “How do former foster youth make sense of and understand their successful transition out of foster care?” Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, I conducted and analyzed semi-structured interviews with six former foster youth (five females and one male; three Caucasians, two First Nations, and one Middle Eastern), ranging in age from 19 to 32 years. Five overarching themes (Challenges, Coping Strategies, Identity Changes, and Perspectives on the Transition), encompassing 16 superordinate themes, and 19 subthemes, emerged. I discussed these findings in the context of relevant literature and presented their implications for clinical practice and future research.
'Indo-Canadian experience' : a performance of voices of a socialization process of a 'brown' man in Canada
Creators: name: Atwal, Kuljinder
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This critical, creative, nonfiction text captures what it means to be a ‘brown’ man in ‘Canadian’ society; many of ‘us’ find ‘our’ socialization process traumatic, leading to alienation, low self-esteem, internalized racism, anger, crime and even outright violence. The complex nuances of ‘Sikh’ racialization are revealed by creating a bricolage of literary styles and forms. I employ bricolage because a multivariate approach enables me to better explore and reveal the complexities, nuances and contradictions of being a ‘brown’ man. My personal experiences of racialization are embedded throughout these works of poetry, prose and creative non-fiction. This collection of texts examines the shortcomings of ‘Canadian’ multiculturalism and their impacts on the socialization of ‘Indo-Canadian’ men by focusing on themes of racism, history, violence, immigrant labour, internalized racism and racial profiling. In doing so, this research focuses on two inter-related questions: 1. “What kinds of discursive and structural dimensions of ‘multicultural’ Canada maintain cultural stereotypes and forms of racism that I have experienced personally?” 2. “How can I better understand and come to terms with my alienation as an ‘Indo-Canadian’ male in relation to how ‘brown’ violence has been constructed by the media and in turn understood by the general public?” This thesis encourages the reader to acknowledge and examine his/her (mis)perceptions of ‘Sikhs,’ and in turn, to acknowledge and examine how his/her actions and inactions contribute to the sociological challenges that confront ‘Indo-Canadian’ men.
Finding Planets with Roman and JWST
Creators: name: Girard, Julien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Surveys of the Very Nearby Universe

description: I will present what the Roman capabilities are for exoplanets, who they compare and complement with JWST’s. With its huge field of view and sensitivity Roman’s wide field instrument will be capable of detecting an enormous amount of exoplanets using mainly the microlensing, astrometry and transiting techniques. In addition, the Roman Coronagraph technology demonstrator will allow to image directly a few giant exoplanets in visible, reflected light at unprecedented contrasts around very nearby stars. I will describe synergies between Roman and existing facilities including JWST and focus on the prospect of new, multi-technique detections.
Figure S2 from In-water observations highlight the effects of provisioning on whale shark behaviour at the world's largest whale shark tourism destination
Creators: name: Legaspi, Christine
name: Miranda, Joni
name: Labaja, Jessica
name: Snow, Sally
name: Ponzo, Alessandro
name: Araujo, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Predicted values for avoidance behaviour by whale sharks from GLMM against event and predominant behaviour. AT: active touch; BC: boat contact; FC: feeder contact; PT: passive touch; RB: roadblock; S2S: shark-to-shark contact; FS: free-swimming; HF: horizontal feeding; VF: vertical feeding.
Regulating Natural Resource Funds
Creators: name: Onifade, Temitope Tunbi
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Business Administration--Management
subject: History--Canadian
subject: History--United States
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Public Administration
subject: Public and Social Welfare
subject: Natural Resources
subject: Sovereign wealth fund
subject: Comparative
subject: Alberta Heritage Trust Fund
subject: Government Pension Fund
subject: Alaska Permanent Fund
subject: Regulation

description: Natural resource funds are created to advance their home state interests. However, because they are more active as sovereign wealth funds invested within host states, overwhelming attention has been on their regulation to safeguard transnational interests. Meanwhile, they are only effective when they achieve their policy objectives within home states as against host states. The study asks how polities should regulate natural resource funds to be effective. Using qualitative methods in law and policy— comparative case study, literature review, and narration and description— to analyse primary and secondary legal data along with secondary empirical data, it claims that polities should regulate natural resource funds to be effective by adopting strong regulatory options and minimum regulatory essentials. It develops these options and essentials based on four regulatory features: legal framework and objectives, ownership regime, structure and functionality, and governance and operation. It makes a recommendation, and concludes thereafter.
Figure S1 from In-water observations highlight the effects of provisioning on whale shark behaviour at the world's largest whale shark tourism destination
Creators: name: Legaspi, Christine
name: Miranda, Joni
name: Labaja, Jessica
name: Snow, Sally
name: Ponzo, Alessandro
name: Araujo, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Oslob tourist visits from 2012-2019 based on available data from Oslob Tourism Office. Note that some months may have missing numbers as there was no official record keeping system in place.
Measurement of halo properties with weak lensing shear and flexion
Creators: name: Er, Xinzhong
name: Tereno, Ismael
name: Mao, Shude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constrain properties of cluster haloes by performing likelihood analysis using lensing shear and flexion data. We test our analysis using two mock cluster haloes: an isothermal ellipsoid (SIE) model and a more realistic elliptical Navarro-Frenk-White (eNFW) model. For both haloes, we find that flexion is more sensitive to the halo ellipticity than shear. The introduction of flexion information significantly improves the constraints on halo ellipticity, orientation and mass. We also point out that there is a degeneracy between the mass and the ellipticity of SIE models in the lensing signal.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, MNRAS accepted
Probability distribution maps for the arbovirus vector Culicoides sonorensis in southern Alberta and Montana under current and future climate scenarios.
Creators: name: Zuliani, Anna
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Entomology
subject: Veterinary Science
subject: Disease vector distribution
subject: Risk Assessment
subject: climate change

description: Culicoides sonorensis transmits Bluetongue and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease viruses to ruminants in western North America. This study was conducted to model the current and future distribution of C. sonorensis in Southern Alberta (Canada) and Montana (USA). Data on C. sonorensis, collected from 2002 to 2011, and environmental and climatic variables, chosen based on the ecology of Culicoides spp., were used in the analysis. Under current climatic conditions, the best MaxEnt model selected with the Akaike Information Criterion was built using 50 C. sonorensis presence records and four variables (Elevation, Land Cover, mean Precipitation of May and mean Vapour Pressure Deficit of July). Under future climate scenarios, constructed relying on three Representative Concentration Pathways, a northward expansion of C. sonorensis was predicted by the 2030s and 2050s. Our models can provide information for the development of future vector surveillance and the assessment of disease transmission risk in the region.
Wiener-Hopf factorization for a family of Levy processes related to theta functions
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G51, 60E10

description: In this paper we study the Wiener-Hopf factorization for a class of Lévy processes with double-sided jumps, characterized by the fact that the density of the Lévy measure is given by an infinite series of exponential functions with positive coefficients. We express the Wiener-Hopf factors as infinite products over roots of a certain transcendental equation, and provide a series representation for the distribution of the supremum/infimum process evaluated at an independent exponential time. We also introduce five eight-parameter families of Lévy processes, defined by the fact that the density of the Lévy measure is a (fractional) derivative of the theta-function, and we show that these processes can have a wide range of behavior of small jumps. These families of processes are of particular interest for applications, since the characteristic exponent has a simple expression, which allows efficient numerical computation of the Wiener-Hopf factors and distributions of various functionals of the process.
description: 12 pages, published online at http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.jap/1294170516
Texture Classification Approach Based on Combination of Edge & Co-occurrence and Local Binary Pattern
Creators: name: Ershad, Shervan Fekri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Texture classification is one of the problems which has been paid much attention on by computer scientists since late 90s. If texture classification is done correctly and accurately, it can be used in many cases such as Pattern recognition, object tracking, and shape recognition. So far, there have been so many methods offered to solve this problem. Near all these methods have tried to extract and define features to separate different labels of textures really well. This article has offered an approach which has an overall process on the images of textures based on Local binary pattern and Gray Level Co-occurrence matrix and then by edge detection, and finally, extracting the statistical features from the images would classify them. Although, this approach is a general one and is could be used in different applications, the method has been tested on the stone texture and the results have been compared with some of the previous approaches to prove the quality of proposed approach.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, 1 tables
Bjorken Flow, Plasma Instabilities, and Thermalization
Creators: name: Kurkela, Aleksi
name: Moore, Guy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At asymptotically high energies, thermalization in heavy ion collisions can be described via weak-coupling QCD. We present a complete treatment of how thermalization proceeds, at the parametric weak-coupling level. We show that plasma instabilities dominate the dynamics, from immediately after the collision until well after the plasma becomes nearly in equilibrium. Initially they drive the system close to isotropy, but Bjorken expansion and increasing diluteness makes the system again become more anisotropic. At time τ~ α^(-12/5) Q^(-1) the dynamics become dominated by a nearly-thermal bath; and at time τ~ α^(-5/2) Q^(-1)$ the bath comes to dominate the energy density, completing thermalization. After this time there is a nearly isotropic and thermal Quark-Gluon Plasma.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
A two-step algorithm for the reconstruction of perfectly reflecting periodic profiles
Creators: name: Bruckner, Gottfried
name: Elschner, Johannes
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: diffraction grating
subject: profile reconstruction
subject: Tikhonov regularization
subject: optimization method
subject: Gauss-Newton method
subject: 35R30
subject: 35J05
subject: 78A46
subject: 78M50

description: We consider the inverse problem of recovering a 2D periodic structure from scattered waves measured above the structure. First, following [5], the inverse problem is reformulated as an optimization problem which consists of two parts: a linear severely ill-posed problem and a nonlinear well--posed one. Then, contrary to [5], here the two problems are solved separately to diminish the computational effort by exploiting their special properties. Numerical results for exact and noisy data demonstrate the practicability of the inversion algorithm.
Correlation between Fermi/LAT gamma-ray and 37 GHz radio properties of northern AGN averaged over 11 months
Creators: name: Nieppola, E.
name: Tornikoski, M.
name: Valtaoja, E.
name: León-Tavares, J.
name: Hovatta, T.
name: Lähteenmäki, A.
name: Tammi, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the Fermi mission has increased our knowledge of gamma-ray AGN, many questions remain, such as the site of gamma-ray production, the emission mechanism, and the factors that govern the strength of the emission. Using data from a high radio band, 37 GHz, uncontaminated by other radiation components besides the jet emission, we study these questions with averaged flux densities over the the first year of Fermi operations. We look for possible correlations between the 100 MeV - 100 GeV band used by the Fermi satellite and 37 GHz radio band observed at the Aalto University Metsahovi Radio Telescope, as well as for differences between the gamma-ray emission of different AGN subsamples. We use data averaged over the 1FGL period. Our sample includes 249 northern AGN, including a complete sample of 68 northern AGN with a measured average flux density exceeding 1 Jy. We find significant correlation between both the flux densities and luminosities in gamma and radio bands. The Fermi luminosity is inversely correlated with the peak frequency of the synchrotron component of the AGN spectral energy distributions. We also calculate the gamma dominances, defined as the ratio between the gamma and radio flux densities, and find an indication that high-energy blazars are more gamma-dominated than low-energy blazars. After studying the distributions of gamma and radio luminosities, it is clear that BL Lacertae objects are different from quasars, with significantly lower luminosities. It is unclear whether this is an intrinsic difference, an effect of variable relativistic boosting across the synchrotron peak frequency range, or the result of Fermi being more sensitive to hard spectrum sources like BL Lacertae objects. Our results suggest that the gamma radiation is produced co-spatially with the 37 GHz emission, i.e., in the jet.
description: 8+5 pages, 9 figures and 2 tables. To be published in A&A
BBN constraints on MeV-scale dark sectors: Electromagnetic decays
Creators: name: Hufnagel, Marco
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: DESY Theory Workshop 2018, Hamburg, Germany, 25 Sep 2018 - 28 Sep 2018
description: Meta-stable dark sector particles decaying into electrons or photons may non-trivially change the Hubble rate, lead to entropy injection into the thermal bath of Standard Model particles and may also photodisintegrate light nuclei formed in the early universe. We study generic constraints from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis on such a setup, with a particular emphasis on MeV-scale particles which are neither fully relativistic nor non-relativistic during all times relevant for Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. We apply our results to a simple model of self-interacting dark matter with a light scalar mediator. This setup turns out to be severely constrained by these considerations in combination with direct dark matter searches and will be fully tested with the next generation of low-threshold direct detection experiments.
Merger Rate Distribution of Primordial-Black-Hole Binaries
Creators: name: Chen, Zu-Cheng
name: Huang, Qing-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Up to now several gravitational-wave events from the coalescences of black hole binaries have been reported by LIGO/VIRGO, and imply that black holes should have an extended mass function. We work out the merger rate distribution of primordial-black-hole binaries with a general mass function by taking into account the torques by all primordial black holes and linear density perturbations. In the future, many more coalescences of black hole binaries are expected to be detected, and the one-dimensional and two-dimensional merger rate distributions will be crucial for reconstructing the mass function of primordial black holes.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; more discussion and references added, version accepted for publication in ApJ
Evolution of Group Galaxies from the First Red-Sequence Cluster Survey
Creators: name: Li, I. H.
name: Yee, H. K. C.
name: Hsieh, B. C.
name: Gladders, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the red galaxy fraction (f_red) in 905 galaxy groups with 0.15 < z < 0.52. The galaxy groups are identified by the `probability Friends-of-Friends' algorithm from the first Red-Sequence Cluster Survey (RCS1) photometric-redshift sample. There is a high degree of uniformity in the properties of the red-sequence of the group galaxies, indicating that the luminous red-sequence galaxies in the groups are already in place by z~0.5 and that they have a formation epoch of z>2. In general, groups at lower redshifts exhibit larger f_red than those at higher redshifts, showing a group Butcher-Oemler effect. We investigate the evolution of f_red by examining its dependence on four parameters, which can be classified as one intrinsic and three environmental: galaxy stellar mass (M_*), total group stellar mass(M_{*,grp}, a proxy for group halo mass), normalized group-centric radius (r_grp), and local galaxy density (Sigma_5). We find that M_* is the dominant parameter such that there is a strong correlation between f_red and galaxy stellar mass. Furthermore, the dependence of f_red on the environmental parameters is also a strong function of M_*. Massive galaxies (M_* > 10^11 M_sun) show little dependence of f_red on r_grp, M_{*,grp}, and Sigma_5 over the redshift range. The dependence of f_red on these parameters is primarily seen for galaxies with lower masses, especially for M_* < 10^{10.6} M_{sun}. We observe an apparent `group down-sizing' effect, in that galaxies in lower-mass halos, after controlling for galaxy stellar mass, have lower f_red. We find a dependence of \fred on both \rgrp and \SigmaF after the other parameters are controlled. At a fixed \rgrp, there is a significant dependence of f_red on Sigma_5, while r_grp gradients of f_red are seen for galaxies in similar Sigma_5 regions. This indicates .....
description: ApJ accepted
Critiquing Physical Prototypes for a Remote Audience
Creators: name: Mok, Terrance
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Science
subject: design review
subject: remote collaboration
subject: video conferencing
subject: prototype critique
subject: material experience
subject: open hardware

description: I present an observational study of physical prototype critique that highlights some of the challenges of communicating physical behaviors and materiality at a distance. Geographically distributed open hardware communities often conduct user feedback and peer critique sessions via video conference. However, people have difficulty using current video conferencing tools to demonstrate and critique physical designs. To examine the challenges of remote critique, I conducted an observational lab study in which participants critiqued pairs of physical prototypes (prosthetic hands) for a face-to-face or remote collaborator. In both conditions, participants’ material experiences were an important part of their critique, however their attention was divided between interacting with the prototype and finding strategies to communicate ‘invisible’ features. Based on my findings, I propose design implications for remote collaboration tools that support the sharing of material experiences and prototype critique.
New Universality Class of Quantum Criticality in Ce- and Yb-based Heavy Fermions
Creators: name: Watanabe, Shinji
name: Miyake, Kazumasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new universality class of quantum criticality emerging in itinerant electron systems with strong local electron correlations is discussed. The quantum criticality of a Ce- or Yb-valence transition gives us a unified explanation for unconventional criticality commonly observed in heavy fermion metals such as YbRh2Si2 and β-YbAlB4, YbCu5-xAlx, and CeIrIn5. The key origin is due to the locality of the critical valence fluctuation mode emerging near the quantum critical end point of the first-order valence transition, which is caused by strong electron correlations for f electrons. Wider relevance of this new criticality and important future measurements to uncover its origin are also discussed.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Relatively Heavy Higgs Boson in More Generic Gauge Mediation
Creators: name: Evans, Jason L.
name: Ibe, Masahiro
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss gauge mediation models where the doublet messengers and Higgs doublets are allowed to mix through a "charged" coupling. The charged coupling replaces messenger parity as a means of suppressing flavor changing neutral currents without introducing any unwanted CP violation. As a result of this mixing between the Higgs doublets and the messengers, relatively large A-terms are generated at the messenger scale. These large A-terms produce a distinct weak scale mass spectrum. Particularly, we show that the lightest Higgs boson mass is enhanced and can be as heavy as 125GeV for a gluino mass as light as 2TeV. We also show that the stops are heavier than that predicted by conventional gauge mediation models. It is also shown that these models have a peculiar slepton mass spectrum.
description: 17pages, 5 figures, revised version
Solar and Stellar Activity: Diagnostics and Indices
Creators: name: Judge, Philip G.
name: Thompson, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize the fifty-year concerted effort to place the "activity" of the Sun in the context of the stars. As a working definition of solar activity in the context of stars, we adopt those globally-observable variations on time scales below thermal time scales, of ~ 100,000 yr for the convection zone. So defined, activity is dominated by magnetic-field evolution, including the 22-year Hale cycle, the typical time it takes for the quasi-periodic reversal in which the global magnetic-field takes place. This is accompanied by sunspot variations with 11 year periods, known since the time of Schwabe, as well as faster variations due to rotation of active regions and flaring. "Diagnostics and indices" are terms given to the indirect signatures of varying magnetic- fields, including the photometric (broad-band) variations associated with the sunspot cycle, and variations of the accompanying heated plasma in higher layers of stellar atmospheres seen at special optical wavelengths, and UV and X-ray wavelengths. Our attention is also focussed on the theme of the Symposium by examining evidence for deep and extended minima of stars, and placing the 70-year long solar Maunder Minimum into a stellar context.
description: Invited keynote paper for IAU Symposium No 286, 2012. Comparative Magnetic Minima: Characterizing quiet times in the Sun and stars
Scaling BPS Solutions and pure-Higgs States
Creators: name: Bena, Iosif
name: Berkooz, Micha
name: de Boer, Jan
name: El-Showk, Sheer
name: Bleeken, Dieter Van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Depending on the value of the coupling, BPS states of type II string theory compactified on a Calabi-Yau manifold can be described as multicenter supergravity solutions or as states on the Coulomb or the Higgs branch of a quiver gauge theory. While the Coulomb-branch states can be mapped one-to-one to supergravity states, this is not automatically so for Higgs-branch states. In this paper we explicitly compute the BPS spectrum of the Higgs branch of a three-center quiver with a closed loop, and identify the subset of states that are in one-to-one correspondence with Coulomb/supergravity multicenter states. We also show that there exist additional "pure-Higgs" states, that exist if and only if the charges of the centers can form a scaling solution. Using generating function techniques we compute the large charge degeneracy of the "pure-Higgs" sector and show that it is always exponential. We also construct the map between Higgs- and Coulomb-branch states, discuss its relation to the Higgs-Coulomb map of one of the authors and Verlinde, and argue that the pure Higgs states live in the kernel of this map. Given that these states have no obvious description on the Coulomb branch or in supergravity, we discuss whether they can correspond to a single-center black hole or can be related to more complicated horizonless configurations.
description: 37 pages, 4 figures
The Legacy of Michael Hillas in Air Shower Simulations
Creators: name: Knapp, Johannes
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: Th 2018 Hillas Symposium, Heidelberg, Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Germany, 10 Dec 2018 - 12 Dec 2018
Controlling the folding and substrate-binding of proteins using polymer brushes
Creators: name: Rubenstein, Brenda M.
name: Coluzza, Ivan
name: Miller, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The extent of coupling between the folding of a protein and its binding to a substrate varies from protein to protein. Some proteins have highly structured native states in solution, while others are natively disordered and only fold fully upon binding. In this Letter, we use Monte Carlo simulations to investigate how disordered polymer chains grafted around a binding site affect the folding and binding of three model proteins. The protein that approaches the substrate fully folded is more hindered during the binding process than those whose folding and binding are cooperative. The polymer chains act as localized crowding agents and can select correctly folded and bound configurations in favor of non-specifically adsorbed states. The free energy change for forming all intra-protein and protein-substrate contacts can depend non-monotonically on the polymer length.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Stochastic domination and weak convergence of conditioned Bernoulli random vectors
Creators: name: Broman, Erik
name: van de Brug, Tim
name: Kager, Wouter
name: Meester, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E15 (Primary) 60F05 (Secondary)

description: For n>=1 let X_n be a vector of n independent Bernoulli random variables. We assume that X_n consists of M "blocks" such that the Bernoulli random variables in block i have success probability p_i. Here M does not depend on n and the size of each block is essentially linear in n. Let X'_n be a random vector having the conditional distribution of X_n, conditioned on the total number of successes being at least k_n, where k_n is also essentially linear in n. Define Y'_n similarly, but with success probabilities q_i>=p_i. We prove that the law of X'_n converges weakly to a distribution that we can describe precisely. We then prove that sup Pr(X'_n <= Y'_n) converges to a constant, where the supremum is taken over all possible couplings of X'_n and Y'_n. This constant is expressed explicitly in terms of the parameters of the system.
description: 39 pages, 2 figures
Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background from Binary Black Holes and Binary Neutron Stars and Implications for LISA
Creators: name: Chen, Zu-Cheng
name: Huang, Fan
name: Huang, Qing-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The advent of gravitational wave (GW) and multi-messenger astronomy has stimulated the research on the formation mechanisms of binary black holes (BBHs) observed by LIGO/Virgo. In literature, the progenitors of these BBHs could be stellar-origin black holes (sBHs) or primordial black holes (PBHs). In this paper we calculate the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background (SGWB) from BBHs, covering the astrophysical and primordial scenarios separately, together with the one from binary neutron stars (BNSs). Our results indicate that PBHs contribute a stronger SGWB than that from sBHs, and the total SGWB from both BBHs and BNSs has a high possibility to be detected by the future observing runs of LIGO/Virgo and LISA. On the other hand, the SGWB from BBHs and BNSs also contributes an additional source of confusion noise to LISA's total noise curve, and then weakens LISA's detection abilities. For instance, the detection of massive black hole binary (MBHB) coalescences is one of the key missions of LISA, and the largest detectable redshift of MBHB mergers can be significantly reduced.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures
ADGEZION MODDALARNING SHISHALANISH XOSSASI
Creators: name: Sharipova, Nasiba
name: Amonova, Nilufar
name: Qosimova, Nargiza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Maqolada yuqori molekulyar birikmalarning adgeziya (yopishqoqligi) va avtogeziyasi sohasidagi qarashlar polimerlar kimyosining rivojlanishi va kimyo sanoati korxonalari tomonidan ishlab chiqariladigan agdeziyon moddalar va ularning sanoat rivojlanishidagi ahamiyati muhokama qilingan.
Understanding URI Ecosystems
Creators: name: Thompson, Henry S
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Persistent Identifiers
Reference
URIs

description: PIDapalooza 2019 keynote address

"No PID is an island, entire of itself"

Identifiers are used and hence understood differently in different contexts

A URI's meaning depends on its context of use and an implicit social contract among its minters, distributors, servers and users.  Borrowing a term with origins in the ethnography of the workplace, we can say that URIs depend on a community of practice, the unwitting signatories to such a contract.

Making a PID system work, technically, but more importantly socially, so that the virtuous

circle of awareness, adoption and growth kicks in, requires that system to occupy a viable niche in the space of possibilities afforded by at least one URI ecosystem: a pattern of URI usage and the

community of practice which sustains it.
Exploring the impact of polygenes on genetic inheritance model identification, with application to Familial Colorectal Cancer Type X (FCCTX)
Creators: name: Scory, Tayler
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Statistics
subject: biostatistics

description: Although a genetic inheritance pattern has not yet been identified, there seems to be a hereditary component for some types of cancer. The focus of this thesis is on identifying the factors that enable correct identification of genetic inheritance models. Exploring this topic involved complex segregation analysis on real FCCTX cancer registry data, then on simulated data (based on the real data characteristics) to determine what caused the model to be identified. If a strong polygenic effect is present, finding evidence for the correct genetic model is more likely. However, the correct model was identified roughly 50% of the time, so more factors should be explored. If the genetic inheritance pattern of a disease is identified, this would facilitate identifying the gene mutation in question, especially with rapidly advancing genomic technology. This work can be applied to other cancers, and can encourage exploration of non-Mendelian genetic inheritance.
Activating optomechanical entanglement
Creators: name: Mazzola, Laura
name: Paternostro, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an optomechanical setup where the activation of entanglement through the pre-availability of non-classical correlations can be demonstrated experimentally. We analyse the conditions under which the scheme is successful and relate them to the current experimental state of the art. The successful activation of entanglement embodies an interesting alternative to current settings for the revelation of fully mechanical nonclassicality.
description: Published version
The Swiss Virtual Educational Observatory and DDI
Creators: name: Hanselmann, Marcel
name: Barkow, Ingo
name: Schiller, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The Swiss Virtual Educational Observatory (VEO) project is funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation. It has the goal to link and to visual sources of research data about education and learning. While concentrating on research data itself data documentation and sources of open research data are relevant as well.The first step to find research data is looking for open data and data documentations. This is where DDI can play is crucial role. But sadly, it does not.Still there are sources not documented at all or documented in Excel or Word. Institutions using a machine-readable documentation have developed solutions individual to their institution. Provider of smaller data sources struggle with having enough resources for a good data documentation. All this is making data discovery a hard job. Accordingly, hindering research.Why is this still the case and how can it be overcome?Switch, a Swiss service provider for infrastructures, has developed a tool for open data sources that collected data form different standards and variations of those standards. Is this the way to go? Or need data providers to be forced to use a standardized standard?The talk will give examples and provide thesis about how to go ahead in Switzerland.