cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum process matrices as images: new tools to design novel denoising methods
Creators: name: Guarneri, Massimiliano
name: Chiuri, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inferring a process matrix characterizing a quantum channel from experimental measurements is a key issue of quantum information. Sometimes the noise affecting the measured counts brings to matrices very different from the expected ones and the mainly used estimation procedure, i.e. the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), is also characterized by several drawbacks. To lower the noise could be necessary to increase the experimental resources, e.g. time for each measurement. In this paper, an alternative procedure, based on suitable Neural Networks, has been implemented and optimized to obtain a denoised process matrix and this approach has been tested with a specific quantum channel, i.e. a Control Phase. This promising method relies on the analogy that can be established between the elements of a process matrix and the pixels of an im
Adaptive construction of shallower quantum circuits with quantum spin projection for fermionic systems
Creators: name: Tsuchimochi, Takashi
name: Taii, Masaki
name: Nishimaki, Taisei
name: Ten-no, Seiichiro L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computing is a promising approach to harnessing strong correlation in molecular systems; however, current devices only allow for hybrid quantum-classical algorithms with a shallow circuit depth, such as the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE). In this study, we report the importance of the Hamiltonian symmetry in constructing VQE circuits adaptively. This treatment often violates symmetry, thereby deteriorating the convergence of fidelity to the exact solution, and ultimately resulting in deeper circuits. We demonstrate that symmetry-projection can provide a simple yet effective solution to this problem, by keeping the quantum state in the correct symmetry space, to reduce the overall gate operations. The scheme also reveals the significance of preserving symmetry in computing molecular properties, as demonstrated in our illustrative calculations.
Biunitary constructions in quantum information
Creators: name: Reutter, David J.
name: Vicary, Jamie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present an infinite number of construction schemes involving unitary error bases, Hadamard matrices, quantum Latin squares and controlled families, many of which have not previously been described. Our results rely on biunitary connections, algebraic objects which play a central role in the theory of planar algebras. They have an attractive graphical calculus which allows simple correctness proofs for the constructions we present. We apply these techniques to construct a unitary error basis that cannot be built using any previously known method.
description: 48 pages, Mathematica notebook attached; final version
Co-orbital resonance with a migrating proto-giant planet
Creators: name: Lemos, Pablo
name: Gallardo, Tabaré
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we pose the possibility that, at an early stage, the migration of a proto--giant planet caused by the presence of a gaseous circumstellar disk could explain the continuous feeding of small bodies into its orbit. Particularly, we study the probability of capture and permanence in co--orbital resonance of these small bodies, as planets of diverse masses migrate by interaction with the gaseous disk, and the drag induced by this disk dissipates energy from these small objects, making capture more likely. Also, we study the relevance of the circumplanetary disk, a structure formed closely around the planet where the gas density is enhanced, in the process of capture. It is of great interest for us to study the capture of small bodies in 1:1 resonance because it could account for the origin of the Trojan population, which has been proposed \citep{2011Icar..215..669K} as a mechanism of quasi-satellites and irregular satellites capture.
description: This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in PSS following peer review; 9 pages, 9 figures
Solution of the square lid-driven cavity flow of a Bingham plastic using the finite volume method
Creators: name: Syrakos, Alexandros
name: Georgiou, Georgios C.
name: Alexandrou, Andreas N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the performance of the finite volume method in solving viscoplastic flows. The creeping square lid-driven cavity flow of a Bingham plastic is chosen as the test case and the constitutive equation is regularised as proposed by Papanastasiou [J. Rheol. 31 (1987) 385-404]. It is shown that the convergence rate of the standard SIMPLE pressure-correction algorithm, which is used to solve the algebraic equation system that is produced by the finite volume discretisation, severely deteriorates as the Bingham number increases, with a corresponding increase in the non-linearity of the equations. It is shown that using the SIMPLE algorithm in a multigrid context dramatically improves convergence, although the multigrid convergence rates are much worse than for Newtonian flows. The numerical results obtained for Bingham numbers as high as 1000 compare favourably with reported results of other methods.
Additional file 2 of Probiotic supplementation during antibiotic treatment is unjustified in maintaining the gut microbiome diversity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Éliás, Anna Júlia
name: Barna, Viktória
name: Patoni, Cristina
name: Demeter, Dóra
name: Veres, Dániel Sándor
name: Bunduc, Stefania
name: Erőss, Bálint
name: Hegyi, Péter
name: Földvári-Nagy, László
name: Lenti, Katalin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. PRISMA checklist 2020; Table S2. Definitions of gut microbiome diversity outcomes reported in the included studies; Table S3. The summarized results of taxonomic analysis of microbiome composition as measured immediately at the end of simultaneous antibiotic and probiotic treatment; Table S4. Outcomes of follow-up as reported in each study; Table S5. Risk of bias assessment for all outcomes - Assignment to intervention; Table S6. Risk of bias assessment for all outcomes - Adhering to intervention; Table S7. GRADE assessment for the meta-analyses of Shannon, Chao1 and Observed OTUs diversity indices.
Trichopria alifera Nixon 1980
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mymaridae
Trichopria
Trichopria alifera

description: Trichopria alifera Nixon, 1980: 34, fig. 118.
Valid name
Trichopria incrassata (Jansson, 1955).
Summary of types
Holotype ♀, BMNH number 9.829, by original designation. Paratypes 2 ♀♀.
Primary type data
England / Surrey / Weybridge/ viii.1944 / G.E.J.Nixon; Trichopria / alifera Nixon / type ♀, 197.
Type locality
England, Surrey, Weybridge.
Remarks
The holotype is mounted on a card point, the left fore leg, right hind leg and apex of the left hind tarsus are lost and the right fore wing is chipped.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on pages 101-102, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
The quantum version of the shifted power method and its application in quadratic binary optimization
Creators: name: Daskin, Ammar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a direct quantum adaptation of the classical shifted power method. The method is very similar to the iterative phase estimation algorithm; however, it does not require any initial estimate of an eigenvector and as in the classical case its convergence and the required number of iterations are directly related to the eigengap. If the amount of the gap is in the order of $1/poly(n)$, then the algorithm can converge to the dominant eigenvalue in $O(poly(n))$ time. The method can be potentially used for solving any eigenvalue related problem and finding minimum/maximum of a quantum state in lieu of Grover's search algorithm. In addition, if the solution space of an optimization problem with $n$ parameters is encoded as the eigenspace of an $2^n$ dimensional unitary operator in $O(poly(n))$ time and the eigengap is not too small, then the solution for such a problem can be found in $O(poly(n))$. As an example, using the quantum gates, we show how to generate the solution space of the quadratic unconstrained binary optimization as the eigenvectors of a diagonal unitary matrix and find the solution for the problem.
SuNeRF: 3D reconstruction of the solar EUV corona using Neural Radiance Fields
Creators: name: Jarolim, Robert
name: Tremblay, Benoit
name: Muñoz-Jaramillo, Andrés
name: Bintsi, Kyriaki-Margarita
name: Jungbluth, Anna
name: Santos, Miraflor
name: Vourlidas, Angelos
name: Mason, James P.
name: Sundaresan, Sairam
name: Downs, Cooper
name: Caplan, Ronald M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To understand its evolution and the effects of its eruptive events, the Sun is permanently monitored by multiple satellite missions. The optically-thin emission of the solar plasma and the limited number of viewpoints make it challenging to reconstruct the geometry and structure of the solar atmosphere; however, this information is the missing link to understand the Sun as it is: a three-dimensional evolving star. We present a method that enables a complete 3D representation of the uppermost solar layer (corona) observed in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light. We use a deep learning approach for 3D scene representation that accounts for radiative transfer, to map the entire solar atmosphere from three simultaneous observations. We demonstrate that our approach provides unprecedented reconstructions of the solar poles, and directly enables height estimates of coronal structures, solar filaments, coronal hole profiles, and coronal mass ejections. We validate the approach using model-generated synthetic EUV images, finding that our method accurately captures the 3D geometry of the Sun even from a limited number of 32 ecliptic viewpoints ($|\text{latitude}| \leq 7^\circ$). We quantify uncertainties of our model using an ensemble approach that allows us to estimate the model performance in absence of a ground-truth. Our method enables a novel view of our closest star, and is a breakthrough technology for the efficient use of multi-instrument datasets, which paves the way for future cluster missions.
A spinorial analogue of the Brezis-Nirenberg theorem involving the critical Sobolev exponent
Creators: name: Bartsch, Thomas
name: Xu, Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C27, 35R01

description: Let $(M,\textit{g},σ)$ be a compact Riemannian spin manifold of dimension $m\geq2$, let $\mathbb{S}(M)$ denote the spinor bundle on $M$, and let $D$ be the Atiyah-Singer Dirac operator acting on spinors $ψ:M\to\mathbb{S}(M)$. We study the existence of solutions of the nonlinear Dirac equation with critical exponent \[ Dψ= λψ+ f(|ψ|)ψ+ |ψ|^{\frac2{m-1}}ψ\tag{NLD} \] where $λ\in\mathbb{R}$ and $f(|ψ|)ψ$ is a subcritical nonlinearity in the sense that $f(s)=o\big(s^{\frac2{m-1}}\big)$ as $s\to\infty$. A model nonlinearity is $f(s)=αs^{p-2}$ with $20$, even if $λ$ is an eigenvalue of $D$. For some classes of nonlinearities $f$ we also obtain solutions of (NLD) for every $λ\in\mathbb{R}$, except for non-positive eigenvalues. If $m\not\equiv3$ (mod 4) we obtain solutions of (NLD) for every $λ\in\mathbb{R}$, except for a finite number of non-positive eigenvalues. In certain parameter ranges we obtain multiple solutions of (NLD) and (BND), some near the trivial branch, others away from it. The proofs of our results are based on variational methods using the strongly indefinite energy functional associated to (NLD).
description: 42 pages
Breaking RSA Generically Is Equivalent to Factoring, with Preprocessing.
Creators: name: Dachman-Soled, Dana
name: Loss, Julian
name: O'Neill, Adam
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: We investigate the relationship between the classical RSA and factoring problems when preprocessing is considered. In such a model, adversaries can use an unbounded amount of precomputation to produce an "advice" string to then use during the online phase, when a problem instance becomes known. Previous work (e.g., [Bernstein, Lange ASIACRYPT '13]) has shown that preprocessing attacks significantly improve the runtime of the best-known factoring algorithms. Due to these improvements, we ask whether the relationship between factoring and RSA fundamentally changes when preprocessing is allowed. Specifically, we investigate whether there is a superpolynomial gap between the runtime of the best attack on RSA with preprocessing and on factoring with preprocessing. Our main result rules this out with respect to algorithms that perform generic computation on the RSA instance x^e od N yet arbitrary computation on the modulus N, namely a careful adaptation of the well-known generic ring model of Aggarwal and Maurer (Eurocrypt 2009) to the preprocessing setting. In particular, in this setting we show the existence of a factoring algorithm with polynomially related parameters, for any setting of RSA parameters. Our main technical contribution is a set of new information-theoretic techniques that allow us to handle or eliminate cases in which the Aggarwal and Maurer result does not yield a factoring algorithm in the standard model with parameters that are polynomially related to those of the RSA algorithm. These techniques include two novel compression arguments, and a variant of the Fiat-Naor/Hellman tables construction that is tailored to the factoring setting.
van der Waals-corrected Density Functional Theory simulation of adsorption processes on noble-metal surfaces: Xe on Ag(111), Au(111), and Cu(111)
Creators: name: Silvestrelli, Pier Luigi
name: Ambrosetti, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The DFT/vdW-WF2s1 method based on the generation of localized Wannier functions, recently developed to include the van der Waals interactions in the Density Functional Theory and describe adsorption processes on metal surfaces by taking metal-screening effects into account, is applied to the case of the interaction of Xe with noble-metal surfaces, namely Ag(111), Au(111), and Cu(111). The study is also repeated by adopting the DFT/vdW-QHO-WF variant relying on the Quantum Harmonic Oscillator model which describes well many-body effects. Comparison of the computed equilibrium binding energies and distances, and the $C_3$ coefficients characterizing the adatom-surface van der Waals interactions, with available experimental and theoretical reference data shows that the methods perform well and elucidate the importance of properly including screening effects. The results are also compared with those obtained by other vdW-corrected DFT schemes, including PBE-D, vdW-DF, vdW-DF2, rVV10, and by the simpler Local Density Approximation (LDA) and semilocal (PBE) Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) approaches.
description: 1 figure
The inhomogeneous Cauchy-Riemann equation for weighted smooth vector-valued functions on strips with holes
Creators: name: Kruse, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A01, 35B30, 32W05, 46A63 (Primary), 46A32, 46E40 (Secondary)

description: This paper is dedicated to the question of surjectivity of the Cauchy-Riemann operator on spaces $\mathcal{EV}(Ω,E)$ of $\mathcal{C}^{\infty}$-smooth vector-valued functions whose growth on strips along the real axis with holes $K$ is induced by a family of continuous weights $\mathcal{V}$. Vector-valued means that these functions have values in a locally convex Hausdorff space $E$ over $\mathbb{C}$. We characterise the weights $\mathcal{V}$ which give a counterpart of the Grothendieck-Köthe-Silva duality $\mathcal{O}(\mathbb{C}\setminus K)/\mathcal{O}(\mathbb{C})\cong\mathscr{A}(K)$ with non-empty compact $K\subset\mathbb{R}$ for weighted holomorphic functions. We use this duality to prove that the kernel $\operatorname{ker}\overline{\partial}$ of the Cauchy-Riemann operator $\overline{\partial}$ in $\mathcal{EV}(Ω):=\mathcal{EV}(Ω,\mathbb{C})$ has the property $(Ω)$ of Vogt. Then an application of the splitting theory of Vogt for Fréchet spaces and of Bonet and Domański for (PLS)-spaces in combination with some previous results on the surjectivity of the Cauchy-Riemann operator $\overline{\partial}\colon\mathcal{EV}(Ω)\to\mathcal{EV}(Ω)$ yields the surjectivity of the Cauchy-Riemann operator on $\mathcal{EV}(Ω,E)$ if $E:=F_{b}'$ with some Fréchet space $F$ satisfying the condition $(DN)$ or if $E$ is an ultrabornological (PLS)-space having the property $(PA)$. This solves the smooth (holomorphic, distributional) parameter dependence problem for the Cauchy-Riemann operator on $\mathcal{EV}(Ω)$.
Observability of HOFNARs with SRG/eROSITA
Creators: name: Khokhriakova, A. D.
name: Chugunov, A. I.
name: Popov, S. B.
name: Gusakov, M. E.
name: Kantor, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron stars can appear as sources of different nature. In this paper we address observability of a hypothetical class of neutron stars -- HOt and Fast Non Accreting Rotators, HOFNARs. These objects are heated due to the r-mode instability. With surface temperatures $\sim 10^6$~K they are expected to be thermal soft X-ray emitters. We perform a population synthesis modeling of HOFNARs to predict the number of potentially detectable sources in the eROSITA all-sky survey. For surface temperatures $\sim 10^6$~K we obtain $\sim 500$ sources above the detection limit 0.01~cts~s$^{-1}$ and $\sim 100$ easier identifiable sources with $>0.1$~cts~s$^{-1}$. Temperatures $\gtrsim 1.2\times 10^6$~K start to be in contradiction with non-detection of HOFNARs by ROSAT. Only for $T\lesssim 5\times 10^5$~K numbers predicted for eROSITA turn out to be so low that identification does not look possible. We conclude that eROSITA has good chances to discover HOFNARs, if they exist. Non-detection will put very stringent limits on the properties of this type of neutron stars.
description: 17 pages, submitted to Universe
Some computations in string topology
Creators: name: Maiti, Arun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B45

description: In this paper, we discuss Hochschild chain models for some of the string topology operations. We use these models to simplify the proofs and computations of some of the results in string topology. Along the way we also make some new observations. We further discuss how nonnilpotent local level homology classes with respect to the Chas-Sullivan and the Goresky-Hingston product detect closed geodesics with optimal index growth rates.
description: 17 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1711.07062
Low-Energy Excitations and Ground State Selection in Quantum Breathing Pyrochlore Antiferromagnet Ba$_3$Yb$_2$Zn$_5$O$_{11}$
Creators: name: Haku, T.
name: Kimura, K.
name: Matsumoto, Y.
name: Soda, M.
name: Sera, M.
name: Yu, D.
name: Mole, R. A.
name: Takeuchi, T.
name: Nakatsuji, S.
name: Kono, Y.
name: Sakakibara, T.
name: Chang, L. -J.
name: Masuda, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study low energy excitations in the quantum breathing pyrochlore antiferromagnet Ba$_3$Yb$_2$Zn$_5$O$_{11}$ by combination of inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and thermodynamical properties measurements. The INS spectra are quantitatively explained by spin-1/2 single-tetrahedron model having $XXZ$ anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. This model has a two-fold degeneracy of the lowest-energy state per tetrahedron and well reproduces the magnetization curve at 0.5 K and heat capacity above 1.5 K. At lower temperatures, however, we observe a broad maximum in the heat capacity around 63 mK, demonstrating that a unique quantum ground state is selected due to extra perturbations with energy scale smaller than the instrumental resolution of INS.
description: 5 pages 3 figures, Phys. Rev. B rapid communication in press
Practical Framework for Problem-Based Learning in an Introductory Circuit Analysis Course
Creators: name: Martin, Sebastian
name: Pineda, Salvador
name: Perez-Ruiz, Juan
name: Alguacil, Natalia
name: Ruiz-Gonzalez, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Introductory courses on electric circuits at undergraduate level are usually presented in quite abstract terms, with questions and problems quite far from practical problems. This causes the students have difficulties to apply that theory to solve practical technical problems. On the other hand, electric circuits are everywhere in our lives, so we have plenty of real practical problems. Here we compile a selection of practical contexts suited for implementing Problem Based Learning approach in an introductory course on circuit analysis. And some examples describing the gamification process that uses these problems to build single-player role-playing games that fulfil the course contents and scheduling. The key point of the assessment and how it is related to the progress in the game is also described.
description: 10 pages and 1 Table
Escalas de Mensuração e Antecedentes Motivacionais de Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizado Fomentados Pela Inteligência Artificial
Creators: name: Borba, Eduardo Henrique de
name: C. Serafim, Mauricio
name: Luize Correa Bertoncini, Ana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Resumo: A aplicação da Inteligência Artificial (IA) desenvolveu os Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizado (AVAs) e agregou valor às formas tecnológicas de ensino. Estes ambientes on-linese revelaram essenciais em situações inesperadas, como a pandemia de Coronavírus(COVID-19). Sendo assim, neste artigo,apresenta-se um levantamento bibliográfico sistemático e umaanálise semi-sistemática de escalas que avaliam AVAs fomentados pela inteligência artificial, focando nos antecedentes de adoção e na análise das escalas. Os resultados, provenientes das bases de dados Web of Science, Science Direct, Springer Link, Emerald Insight e EBSCO Host,são expostos mediante análise quantitativa descritiva e avaliação comparativa das escalas. Os resultados evidenciaram escassez de escalas que avaliem os AVAs, e os poucos artigos que as fazem carecem de rigor em etapas iniciais de desenvolvimento. Destacou-se também dimensões referentes a percepção dos estudantes que antecedem a adoção destes ambientes virtuais, evidenciando assim elementos determinantes da motivação dos estudantes on-line.
Additional file 1 of A qualitative interview study applying the COM-B model to explore how hospital-based trainers implement antimicrobial stewardship education and training in UK hospital-based care
Creators: name: Turner, Rebecca
name: Hart, Jo
name: Ashiru-Oredope, Diane
name: Atkins, Lou
name: Eades, Christopher
name: Felton, Tim
name: Howlett, Emily
name: Rice, Stephen
name: Shallcross, Laura
name: Lorencatto, Fabiana
name: Byrne-Davis, Lucie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Structure and Stability of the Indian Power Transmission Network
Creators: name: Tamhane, Vedang
name: Ambika, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the study on the Indian power transmission network using the framework of a complex network and quantify its structural properties. For this, we build the network structure underlying the Indian power grid, using two of its most prevalent power lines. We construct an equivalent model of an exponential network and study its structural changes with changes in two parameters related to redundancy and dead-ends. Then we analyze its stability against cascading failures by varying these two parameters using the link failure model. This helps to gain insight into the relation of network topology to its stability, and indicates how the optimum choice of these parameters can result in a power grid structure with minimum failed links. We apply the same model to study the robustness of the Indian power grid against such failures. In this case, we find that when a link connected to a generator fails, it results in a cascade that spreads in the grid until it is split into two separate stable clusters of generators and consumers, with over one-third of its nodes nonfunctiona
description: 19 pages, 11 figures
From Tensor Network Quantum States to Tensorial Recurrent Neural Networks
Creators: name: Wu, Dian
name: Rossi, Riccardo
name: Vicentini, Filippo
name: Carleo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that any matrix product state (MPS) can be exactly represented by a recurrent neural network (RNN) with a linear memory update. We generalize this RNN architecture to 2D lattices using a multilinear memory update. It supports perfect sampling and wave function evaluation in polynomial time, and can represent an area law of entanglement entropy. Numerical evidence shows that it can encode the wave function using a bond dimension lower by orders of magnitude when compared to MPS, with an accuracy that can be systematically improved by increasing the bond dimension.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
The decay of quadrupole-octupole $1^-$ states in $^{40}$Ca and $^{140}$Ce
Creators: name: Derya, V.
name: Tsoneva, N.
name: Aumann, T.
name: Bhike, M.
name: Endres, J.
name: Gooden, M.
name: Hennig, A.
name: Isaak, J.
name: Lenske, H.
name: Löher, B.
name: Pietralla, N.
name: Savran, D.
name: Tornow, W.
name: Werner, V.
name: Zilges, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Two-phonon excitations originating from the coupling of two collective one-phonon states are of great interest in nuclear structure physics. One possibility to generate low-lying $E1$ excitations is the coupling of quadrupole and octupole phonons. Purpose: In this work, the $γ$-decay behavior of candidates for the $(2_1^+\otimes 3_1^-)_{1^-}$ state in the doubly-magic nucleus $^{40}$Ca and in the heavier and semi-magic nucleus $^{140}$Ce is investigated. Methods: $(\vecγ,γ')$ experiments have been carried out at the High Intensity $γ$-ray Source (HI$γ$S) facility in combination with the high-efficiency $γ$-ray spectroscopy setup $γ^3$ consisting of HPGe and LaBr$_3$ detectors. The setup enables the acquisition of $γ$-$γ$ coincidence data and, hence, the detection of direct decay paths. Results: In addition to the known ground-state decays, for $^{40}$Ca the decay into the $3^-_1$ state was observed, while for $^{140}$Ce the direct decays into the $2^+_1$ and the $0^+_2$ state were detected. The experimentally deduced transition strengths and excitation energies are compared to theoretical calculations in the framework of EDF theory plus QPM approach and systematically analyzed for $N=82$ isotones. In addition, negative parities for two $J=1$ states in $^{44}$Ca were deduced simultaneously. Conclusions: The experimental findings together with the theoretical calculations support the two-phonon character of the $1^-_1$ excitation in the light-to-medium-mass nucleus $^{40}$Ca as well as in the stable even-even $N=82$ nuclei.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, as accepted in Phys. Rev. C
Uniqueness of unitary structure for unitarizable fusion categories
Creators: name: Reutter, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that every unitarizable fusion category, and more generally every semisimple C*-tensor category, admits a unique unitary structure. Our proof is based on a categorified polar decomposition theorem for monoidal equivalences between such categories. We prove analogous results for unitarizable braided fusion categories and module categories.
description: 14 pages; v2: generalized main theorem to semisimple C*-tensor categories with possibly infinitely many simple objects
Non-uniqueness theory in sampled STFT phase retrieval
Creators: name: Grohs, Philipp
name: Liehr, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A38, 44A15, 94A12, 94A20

description: The reconstruction of a function from its spectrogram (i.e., the absolute value of its short-time Fourier transform (STFT)) arises as a key problem in several important applications, including coherent diffraction imaging and audio processing. It is a classical result that for suitable windows any function can, in principle, be uniquely recovered up to a global phase factor from its spectrogram. However, for most practical applications only discrete samples - typically from a lattice - of the spectrogram are available. This raises the question of whether lattice samples of the spectrogram contain sufficient information for determining a function $f\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^d)$ up to a global phase factor. In the present paper, we answer this question in the negative by providing general non-identifiability results which lead to a non-uniqueness theory for the sampled STFT phase retrieval problem. Precisely, given any dimension $d$, any window function $g$ and any (symplectic or separable) lattice $\mathcal{L} \subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$, we construct pairs of functions $f,h\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^d)$ that do not agree up to a global phase factor, but whose spectrograms agree on $\mathcal{L}$. Our techniques are sufficiently flexible to produce counterexamples to unique recoverability under even more stringent assumptions; for example, if the window function is real-valued, the functions $f,h$ can even be chosen to satisfy $|f|=|h|$. Our results thus reveal the non-existence of a critical sampling density in the absence of phase information, a property which is in stark contrast to uniqueness results in time-frequency analysis.
description: 35 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 2 of A qualitative interview study applying the COM-B model to explore how hospital-based trainers implement antimicrobial stewardship education and training in UK hospital-based care
Creators: name: Turner, Rebecca
name: Hart, Jo
name: Ashiru-Oredope, Diane
name: Atkins, Lou
name: Eades, Christopher
name: Felton, Tim
name: Howlett, Emily
name: Rice, Stephen
name: Shallcross, Laura
name: Lorencatto, Fabiana
name: Byrne-Davis, Lucie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
Platinum/Yttrium Iron Garnet Inverted Structures for Spin Current Transport
Creators: name: Aldosary, Mohammed
name: Li, Junxue
name: Tang, Chi
name: Xu, Yadong
name: Zheng, Jian-Guo
name: Bozhilov, Krassimir N.
name: Shi, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 30-80 nm thick yttrium iron garnet (YIG) films are grown by pulsed laser deposition on a 5 nm thick sputtered Pt atop gadolinium gallium garnet substrate (GGG) (110). Upon post-growth rapid thermal annealing, single crystal YIG(110) emerges as if it were epitaxially grown on GGG(110) despite the presence of the intermediate Pt film. The YIG surface shows atomic steps with the root-mean-square roughness of 0.12 nm on flat terraces. Both Pt/YIG and GGG/Pt interfaces are atomically sharp. The resulting YIG(110) films show clear in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy with a well-defined easy axis along <001> and a peak-to-peak ferromagnetic resonance linewidth of 7.5 Oe at 9.32 GHz, similar to YIG epitaxilly grown on GGG. Both spin Hall magnetoresistance and longitudinal spin Seebeck effects in the inverted bilayers indicate excellent Pt/YIG interface quality.
Clustering Using Shared Reference Points Algorithm Based On a Sound Data Model (online version)
Creators: name: Abbas, Mohamed
name: Shoukry, Amin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460308
subject: Pattern recognition

description: A novel clustering algorithm CSHARP is presented for the purpose of finding clusters of arbitrary shapes and arbitrary densities in high dimensional feature spaces. It can be considered as a variation of the Shared Nearest Neighbor algorithm (SNN), in which each sample data point votes for the points in its k-nearest neighborhood. Sets of points sharing a common mutual nearest neighbor are considered as dense regions/ blocks. These blocks are the seeds from which clusters may grow up. Therefore, CSHARP is not a point-to-point clustering algorithm. Rather, it is a block-to-block clustering technique. Much of its advantages come from these facts: Noise points and outliers correspond to blocks of small sizes, and homogeneous blocks highly overlap. This technique is not prone to merge clusters of different densities or different homogeneity. The algorithm has been applied to a variety of low and high dimensional data sets with superior results over existing techniques such as DBScan, K-means, Chameleon, Mitosis and Spectral Clustering. The quality of its results as well as its time complexity, rank it at the front of these techniques.
Clustering Using Shared Reference Points Algorithm Based On a Sound Data Model
Creators: name: Abbas, Mohamed
name: Shoukry, Amin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460308
subject: Pattern recognition

description: A novel clustering algorithm CSHARP is presented for the purpose of finding clusters of arbitrary shapes and arbitrary densities in high dimensional feature spaces. It can be considered as a variation of the Shared Nearest Neighbor algorithm (SNN), in which each sample data point votes for the points in its k-nearest neighborhood. Sets of points sharing a common mutual nearest neighbor are considered as dense regions/ blocks. These blocks are the seeds from which clusters may grow up. Therefore, CSHARP is not a point-to-point clustering algorithm. Rather, it is a block-to-block clustering technique. Much of its advantages come from these facts: Noise points and outliers correspond to blocks of small sizes, and homogeneous blocks highly overlap. This technique is not prone to merge clusters of different densities or different homogeneity. The algorithm has been applied to a variety of low and high dimensional data sets with superior results over existing techniques such as DBScan, K-means, Chameleon, Mitosis and Spectral Clustering. The quality of its results as well as its time complexity, rank it at the front of these techniques.
Neutron star crust in Voigt approximation II: general formula for electron screening correction for effective shear modulus
Creators: name: Chugunov, Andrey I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main contribution to the effective shear modulus of neutron star crust can be calculated within Coulomb solid model and can be approximated by simple analytical expression for arbitrary (even multicomponent) composition. Here I consider correction associated with electron screening within Thomas-Fermi approximation. In particular, I demonstrate that for relativistic electrons (density $ρ>10^6$ g\,cm$^{-3}$) this correction can be estimated as $δμ_\mathrm{eff}^\mathrm{V}= -9.4\times 10^{-4}\sum_Z n_Z Z^{7/3} e^2/a_\mathrm{e}$, where summation is taken over ion species, $n_Z$ is number density of ions with charge $Ze$, $k_\mathrm{TF}$ is Thomas-Fermi screening wave number. Finally, $a_\mathrm{e}=(4 πn_\mathrm{e}/3)^{-1/3}$ is electron sphere radius. Quasineutrality condition $n_\mathrm{e}=\sum_Z Z n_Z$ is assumed. This result holds true for arbitrary (even multicomponent and amorphous) matter and can be applied for neutron star crust and (dense) cores of white dwarfs. For example, the screening correction reduces shear modulus by $\sim 9$\% for $Z\sim40$, which is typical for inner layers of neutron star crust.
description: 6 pages, Accepted in MNRAS
Normalized solutions for a coupled Schrödinger system
Creators: name: Bartsch, Thomas
name: Zhong, Xuexiu
name: Zou, Wenming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q55, 35Q51, 35B09, 35B32, 35B40

description: In the present paper, we prove the existence of solutions $(λ_1,λ_2,u,v)\in\mathbb{R}^2\times H^1(\mathbb{R}^3,\mathbb{R}^2)$ to systems of coupled Schrödinger equations $$ \begin{cases} -Δu+λ_1u=μ_1 u^3+βuv^2\quad &\hbox{in}\;\mathbb{R}^3\\ -Δv+λ_2v=μ_2 v^3+βu^2v\quad&\hbox{in}\;\mathbb{R}^3\\ u,v>0&\hbox{in}\;\mathbb{R}^3 \end{cases} $$ satisfying the normalization constraint $ \displaystyle\int_{\mathbb{R}^3}u^2=a^2\quad\hbox{and}\;\int_{\mathbb{R}^3}v^2=b^2, $ which appear in binary mixtures of Bose-Einstein condensates or in nonlinear optics. The parameters $μ_1,μ_2,β>0$ are prescribed as are the masses $a,b>0$. The system has been considered mostly in the fixed frequency case. And when the masses are prescribed, the standard approach to this problem is variational with $λ_1,λ_2$ appearing as Lagrange multipliers. Here we present a new approach based on bifurcation theory and the continuation method. We obtain the existence of normalized solutions for any given $a,b>0$ for $β$ in a large range. We also give a result about the nonexistence of positive solutions. From which one can see that our existence theorem is almost the best. Especially, if $μ_1=μ_2$ we prove that normalized solutions exist for all $β>0$ and all $a,b>0$.
description: 27 pages, 1 figure
Fine Grained Analysis of High Dimensional Random Walks
Creators: name: Gotlib, Roy
name: Kaufman, Tali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the most important properties of high dimensional expanders is that high dimensional random walks converge rapidly. This property has proven to be extremely useful in variety of fields in the theory of computer science from agreement testing to sampling, coding theory and more. In this paper we present a state of the art result in a line of works analyzing the convergence of high dimensional random walks~\cite{DBLP:conf/innovations/KaufmanM17,DBLP:conf/focs/DinurK17, DBLP:conf/approx/KaufmanO18,DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2001-02827}, by presenting a \emph{structured} version of the result of~\cite{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2001-02827}. While previous works examined the expansion in the viewpoint of the worst possible eigenvalue, in this work we relate the expansion of a function to the entire spectrum of the random walk operator using the structure of the function; We call such a theorem a Fine Grained High Order Random Walk Theorem. In sufficiently structured cases the fine grained result that we present here can be much better than the worst case while in the worst case our result is equivalent to~\cite{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2001-02827}. In order to prove the Fine Grained High Order Random Walk Theorem we introduce a way to bootstrap the expansion of random walks on the vertices of a complex into a fine grained understanding of higher order random walks, provided that the expansion is good enough. In addition, our \emph{single} bootstrapping theorem can simultaneously yield our Fine Grained High Order Random Walk Theorem as well as the well known Trickling down Theorem. Prior to this work, High order Random walks theorems and Tricking down Theorem have been obtained from different proof methods.
A scalar product for computing fundamental quantities in matter
Creators: name: Fernandez-Corbaton, Ivan
name: Vavilin, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a systematic way to obtain expressions for computing the amount of fundamental quantities such as helicity and angular momentum contained in static matter, given its charge and magnetization densities. The method is based on a scalar product that we put forward, which is invariant under the ten-parameter conformal group in three-dimensional Euclidean space. Such group is obtained as the static restriction (frequency $ω=0$) of the symmetry group of Maxwell equations: The fifteen-parameter conformal group in 3+1 Minkowski spacetime. In an exemplary application, we compute the helicity and angular momentum squared stored in a magnetic Hopfion.
Dynamics of fractional N-soliton solutions with anomalous dispersions of integrable fractional higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equations
Creators: name: Weng, Weifang
name: Zhang, Minghe
name: Yan, Zhenya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we explore the anomalous dispersive relations, inverse scattering transform and fractional N-soliton solutions of the integrable fractional higher-order nonlinear Schrodinger (fHONLS) equations, containing the fractional Hirota (fHirota), fractional complex mKdV (fcmKdV), and fractional Lakshmanan-Porsezian-Daniel (fLPD) equations, etc. The inverse scattering problem can be solved exactly by means of the matrix Riemann-Hilbert problem with simple poles. As a consequence, an explicit formula is found for the fractional N-soliton solutions of the fHONLS equations in the reflectionless case. In particular, we analyze the fractional one-, two- and three-soliton solutions with anomalous dispersions of fHirota and fcmKdV equations. The wave, group, and phase velocities of these envelope fractional 1-soliton solutions are related to the power laws of their amplitudes. These obtained fractional N-soliton solutions may be useful to explain the related super-dispersion transports of nonlinear waves in fractional nonlinear media.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Handling Interference in Integrated HAPS-Terrestrial Networks through Radio Resource Management
Creators: name: Shamsabadi, Afsoon Alidadi
name: Yadav, Animesh
name: Abbasi, Omid
name: Yanikomeroglu, Halim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Vertical heterogeneous networks (vHetNets) are promising architectures to bring significant advantages for 6G and beyond mobile communications. High altitude platform station (HAPS), one of the nodes in the vHetNets, can be considered as a complementary platform for terrestrial networks to meet the ever-increasing dynamic capacity demand and provide sustainable wireless networks for future. However, the problem of interference is the bottleneck for the optimal operation of such an integrated network. Thus, designing efficient interference management techniques is inevitable. In this work, we aim to design a joint power-subcarrier allocation scheme in order to achieve fairness for all users. We formulate the max-min fairness (MMF) optimization problem and develop a rapid converging iterative algorithm to solve it. Numerical results validate the superiority of the proposed algorithm and show better performance over other conventional network scenarios.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, Accepted by IEEE Wireless Communications Letters
Seeking Nash equilibrium in non-cooperative differential games
Creators: name: Zahedi, Zahra
name: Khayatian, Alireza
name: Arefi, Mohammad Mehdi
name: Yin, Shen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper aims at investigating the problem of fast convergence to the Nash equilibrium (NE) for N-Player noncooperative differential games. The proposed method is such that the players attain their NE point without steady-state oscillation (SSO) by measuring only their payoff values with no information about payoff functions, the model and also the actions of other players are not required for the players. The proposed method is based on an extremum seeking (ES) method, and moreover, compared to the traditional ES approaches, in the presented algorithm, the players can accomplish their NE faster. In fact, in our method the amplitude of the sinusoidal excitation signal in classical ES is adaptively updated and exponentially converges to zero. In addition, the analysis of convergence to NE is provided in this paper. Finally, a simulation example confirms the effectiveness of the proposed method.