cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reading's effect - a novel perspective
Creators: name: Bereit, Richard Martin
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: Education
Formation
Influence
Novel
Reading
writers

description: The effect that fiction has on readers has been continuously debated since at least the fourth century B.C.E. In this dissertation, I first analyze historic arguments of philosophers and critics who have participated significantly in the debate. I organize their critical judgments about reading's effects into three categories-useful, detrimental and nonaffective. The useful fiction claim is that reading fiction influences readers toward beneficial change. The opposite claim is that reading produces a variety of detrimental effects-it deceives, inflames, coerces or develops false expectations. At the root of this argument is the idea that fiction appeals to the emotions, therefore, reason and good judgment are suppressed. The third broad category of argument suggests that literature is simply art and has only an aesthetic effect. I explore only the useful and detrimental possibilities in this research. I apply Joshua Landy's critical perspective that novels are primarily formative rather than informative to interrogate ideas about private reading that British women authors explore in their novels from the mid-eighteenth century through the early nineteenth century. During that period, the idea that novels might be formative "beneficial and educational" is argued within the narratives and dialog of their novels. I evaluate and describe the critical interrogative work that Charlotte Lennox (The Female Quixote), Maria Edgeworth (Belinda), Jane Austen (Northanger Abbey) and Sarah Green (Scotch Novel Reading) perform using their novels as a platform to consider ideas about women, education and particularly, the potentially positive effects of novel reading. Drawing on threads of theory as ancient as Plato's and Quintilian's and ideas about novels as recent as Huet's and Johnson's, I analyze how these authors use their novels to discuss reader maturation and character development. In their novels, they weave reader development, critical analysis and social critique into narratives about complex characters. I examine in new ways the questions of fiction's effect, reader response and authorial influence. I conclude that novel reading has primarily a positive, formative effect. Consequently, there is potential to use novel reading with university students to help improve decision making and point to issues of character development.
Effect of high strength materials on the seismic performance of reinforced concrete moment resisting frames
Creators: name: Bishaw, Birhanu Bogale
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: Beam-column
Concentrated plasticity
Deteriorating models
Fiber reinforced concrete
High strength concrete
High strength steel

description: This research investigates the effect of using a combination of high strength concrete (HSC), high strength steel (HSS), and steel fibers on the seismic performance of moment resisting frames (MRFs). In the first part of the study, reinforced concrete components were tested in the laboratory under monotonic and cyclic loading conditions to obtain their nonlinear characteristics, such as strength, stiffness, and hysteretic behavior. Based on these test results, numerical simulations were performed using deteriorating hysteretic models that account for strength and stiffness deterioration to identify the nonlinear modeling parameters for the different components. These parameters were then used to assess the seismic performance of single- and multi-degree-of-freedom (SDOF and MDOF) systems. The methodology outlined in FEMA P695 report was used to assess the performance of the different systems using median collapse capacity in terms of spectral acceleration. Nonlinear static and dynamic analyses were performed to analyze the overall behavior of the structures, from their elastic response until the global collapse limit state is reached. The specimens with HSC and conventional steel exhibited similar ductility to normal strength concrete (NSC) components. The use of HSS increased the components strength, but reduced their ductility and spread of plasticity. Steel fibers were used in combination with HSC to create high strength fiber reinforced concrete (HSFRC) specimens, which achieved larger elastic stiffness and slightly higher flexural capacity compared to similar specimens without steel fibers. However, their cyclic deterioration rate was not largely increased.  The numerical models showed that the larger strength of HSC and HSS in SDOF systems can overcome the reduction in ductility in these components. This is partially due to the fact that HSC components exhibit elastic behavior under large seismic demands, which reduces their susceptibility to early collapse due to P-? effects. From the MDOF analysis using 12- and 20-story MRFs, similar conclusions were drawn for the seismic performance of the 12-story building. However, the more ductile components led to the highest collapse capacity in the 20-story building due to varying column cross sections across different stories and nonuniform distribution of the nonlinear modeling parameters which affected the HSFRC components significantly.
Approximation and blow-up problems in stochastic differential equations
Creators: name: Bezdek, Pavel
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: approximation
blow-up
Levy generator
stochastic heat equation

description: In the first part of this work, we  will show weak convergence of probability measures. The measure corresponding  to the solution of the following one-dimensional nonlinear stochastic heat equation $\frac{\partial}{\partial t} u_{t}(x) = \frac{\kappa}{2} \frac{\partial^2}{\partial x^2} u_{ t}(x) + \sigma(u_{t}(x))\eta_\alpha$ with colored noise $\eta_\alpha$ will converge to the measure corresponding to the solution of the same equation but with white noise $\eta$, as $\alpha \uparrow 1$. Function $\sigma$ is taken to be Lipschitz and the Gaussian noise $\eta_\alpha$ is assumed to be colored in space and its covariance is given by $\operatorname{E} \left[ \eta_\alpha(t,x) \eta_\alpha(s,y) \right] = \delta(t-s) f_\alpha(x-y)$ where $f_\alpha$ is the Riesz kernel $f_\alpha(x) \propto 1/\left|x\right|^\alpha$. We will work with the classical notion of weak convergence of measures, that is convergence of probability measures on a space of continuous functions with compact domain and sup-norm topology. We will also state a result about continuity of measures in $\alpha$, for $\alpha \in (0,1)$.  In the second part of this work, we will show existence and blow-up of the solution to $\frac{\partial}{\partial t} u_{t}(x) = \mathcal{L} u_{ t}(x) + \sigma(u_{t}(x))\eta$ on a circle with white noise $\eta$. The operator $\mathcal{L}$ is taken to be the generator of a  L\'evy process and $\sigma$ is a nonlinear function of form $\sigma(x) \propto \left|x\right|^\gamma$, for $\gamma>1$. We will develop precise condition for existence or blow-up of the solution in terms of $\gamma$ and the L\'evy process corresponding to $\mathcal{L}$.
The animal as queer act in comics: queer iterations in On Loving Women and Nimona
Creators: name: Barnewitz, Molly Clare
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: Animal
Comics
Graphic Narrative
Hybrid
Queer

description: This thesis examines comics' use of animal and otherwise non-normative bodies to portray queer identities and examine how the portrayal of the queer and monstrous can be seen as a reflection of the medium itself. Comics is a hybrid medium in which words and images coexist, favoring neither and flouting categorization in art or literature. Comics relishes the instability and subversive nature of its form, and has been a tool for challenging conventions of acceptable representation. Comics' refusal to accept a secure, unified definition is analogous to the object of queer theory, suggesting that comics are particularly well suited to depict queer narratives. Close readings of Diane Obomsawin's graphic narrative On Loving Women and Noelle Stevenson's webcomic Nimona serve as examples of the possibilities of reading comics through a queer lens. Both texts are examples of queer narratives that use animal, monster, and nonhuman bodies to articulate otherness. On Loving Women's anthropomorphic animals represent different lesbians as they recount short biographical sketches. This text layers narrative voice, giving the text a sense of polysemy and evoking the multiplicity of queer identity. Nimona follows the misadventures of a shapeshifting sidekick and her cyborg supervillain boss. Nimona depicts the threat posed by fluid and non-normative identities to heteronormative hegemonic institutions, ultimately demanding that the binary systems that persecute queerness be abolished. Both texts call into question the nature of identity in terms of sex, gender, and humanity. As examples of the possibilities of comics to attack exclusionary systems that place queerness as the ultimate other, these texts reveal the diverse ways in which representational space is queered. Comics repositions the body on the page, allowing for iterative acts of queering that cannot be limited to any singular form. The medium continues to develop new modes of representation that challenge and subvert normative systems.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16293c.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 02.05.1946, erstellt als weitere Tagesaufnahme um 17 h 50 MEZ von William Brunner
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16316.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.05.1946, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16266.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 03.04.1946, erstellt von Bernhard Beck
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund weiterer Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 09.01.1946, erstellt am Skalnate Pleso Observatorium
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Skalnate Pleso Observatorium. Es sind zudem statistische Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert. Instrument: unbekannt, Sonnenbild D = 25 cm
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16236.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.02.1946, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16322.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 01.06.1946, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Learning to segment prostate cancer by aggressiveness from scribbles in bi-parametric MRI
Creators: name: Duran, Audrey
name: Dussert, Gaspard
name: Lartizien, Carole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we propose a deep U-Net based model to tackle the challenging task of prostate cancer segmentation by aggressiveness in MRI based on weak scribble annotations. This model extends the size constraint loss proposed by Kervadec et al. 1 in the context of multiclass detection and segmentation task. This model is of high clinical interest as it allows training on prostate biopsy samples and avoids time-consuming full annotation process. Performance is assessed on a private dataset (219 patients) where the full ground truth is available as well as on the ProstateX-2 challenge database, where only biopsy results at different localisations serve as reference. We show that we can approach the fully-supervised baseline in grading the lesions by using only 6.35% of voxels for training. We report a lesion-wise Cohen's kappa score of 0.29 $\pm$ 0.07 for the weak model versus 0.32 $\pm$ 0.05 for the baseline. We also report a kappa score (0.276 $\pm$ 0.037) on the ProstateX-2 challenge dataset with our weak U-Net trained on a combination of ProstateX-2 and our dataset, which is the highest reported value on this challenge dataset for a segmentation task to our knowledge.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16324.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 03.06.1946, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16282.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 21.04.1946, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Histopathological Imaging Classification of Breast Tissue for Cancer Diagnosis Support Using Deep Learning Models
Creators: name: Nguyen, Tat-Bao-Thien
name: Ngo, Minh-Vuong
name: Nguyen, Van-Phong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: According to some medical imaging techniques, breast histopathology images called Hematoxylin and Eosin are considered as the gold standard for cancer diagnoses. Based on the idea of dividing the pathologic image (WSI) into multiple patches, we used the window [512,512] sliding from left to right and sliding from top to bottom, each sliding step overlapping by 50% to augmented data on a dataset of 400 images which were gathered from the ICIAR 2018 Grand Challenge. Then use the EffficientNet model to classify and identify the histopathological images of breast cancer into 4 types: Normal, Benign, Carcinoma, Invasive Carcinoma. The EffficientNet model is a recently developed model that uniformly scales the width, depth, and resolution of the network with a set of fixed scaling factors that are well suited for training images with high resolution. And the results of this model give a rather competitive classification efficiency, achieving 98% accuracy on the training set and 93% on the evaluation set.
description: International Conference on Industrial Networks and Intelligent Systems (INISCOM-2022), Springer, Vol. 444, pp. 152-164
Incidence of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament  injuries in a hyperpronated athletic population
Creators: name: Arduini, Jaclyn Beth
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Feet
Hyperpronation
Medial Longitudinal Arch
Pronation

description: Hyperpronation has been shown to cause increased internal tibial rotation which, when prolonged, is thought to place increased stress on the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) and lead to a higher incidence of non-contact ACL injuries in sports.  To date, no research has attempted to examine the relationship between hyperpronation and ACL injuries in a longitudinal model, although strong associations have been found in cross-sectional studies involving injured subjects.  The cross-sectional data are strong enough to suggest that individuals with a hyperpronated foot will have a significantly greater number of ACL injuries.    The purpose of this research was to complete a prospective cohort study examining the relationship between non-contact ACL injuries and hyperpronation and to determine the incidence rate of such injuries.  It was hypothesized that the hyperpronation group would sustain more non-contact ACL injuries than the control group.   Participants consisted of 141 NCAA Division I athletes among nine different sports.  Out of the eligible participants, 125 met the inclusion criteria, and were separated into either hyperpronator (?9mm) or control ( <9mm) based on their navicular drop measurement.  Measurements were taken prior to the start of the competitive season.  Athlete tracking was completed over the course of 10 months by the supervising athletic trainer and principal investigator, whereby all non-contact ACL injuries were to be recorded.   The mean navicular drop overall with all subjects combined (n=192) was 9.624.14mm. When separated by group, the HP group (n=109) mean navicular drop was 12.163.38mm compared to 6.161.88mm in the control group (n=83).  A two-way ANOVA was conducted to examine the effect of group and gender on the navicular drop.  A statistically significant main effect for group, F(2,186) = 207.42, p
Fundamental length scale and the bending of light in a gravitational field
Creators: name: Tee, Philip
name: Jafari, Nosratollah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The canonical approach to quantizing quantum gravity is understood to suffer from pathological non-renomalizability. Nevertheless in the context of effective field theory, a viable perturbative approach to calculating elementary processes is possible. Some non-perturbative approaches, most notably loop quantum gravity and combinatorial quantum gravity imply the existence of a minimal length. To circumvent the seeming contradiction between the existence of a minimum length and the principle of special relativity, Double Special Relativity introduces modified dispersion relationships that reconcile the conflict. In this work, we combine these dispersion relationships with an effective field theory approach to compute the first post Newtonian correction to the bending of light by a massive object. The calculation offers the prospect of a directly measurable effect that rests upon both the existence of a quantized gravitational field and a minimal length. Experimental verification would provide evidence of the existence of a quantum theory of gravity, and the fundamental quantization of spacetime with a bound on the minimal distance.
Single-field model of gravitational-scalar instability. I. Evolution of perturbations
Creators: name: Ignat'ev, Yu. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of the previously formulated mathematical model of a statistical system with a scalar interaction of fermions and the theory of gravitational-scalar instability of a cosmological model based on a two-component statistical system of scalarly charged degenerate fermions, a numerical model of the cosmological evolution of gravitational-scalar perturbations for a one-component cosmological system with a canonical scalar interaction is constructed and studied. The influence of the magnitude of the scalar charge of fermions on the differential and integral parameters of the instability is revealed. It is shown that the gravitational-scalar instability in the early stages of expansion in the model under study arises at sufficiently small scalar charges. 4 fundamentally different types of perturbations are identified, as well as 4 types of gravitational-scalar instability, determined by the fundamental parameters of the model. Examples of numerical models are given that provide large values of the increments of the increase in the amplitude of perturbations.
description: 18 pages, 23 figures, 16 references
Using species distribution models to quantify climate change impacts on the rosy-finch superspecies: an alpine obligate
Creators: name: Conrad, Edward C.
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: boosted regression trees
calibrated AUC
climate change impacts
Leucosticte
niche modeling
random forest regression trees

description: Anthropogenic climate change is forcing plants and animals to respond by shifting their distributions poleward or upward in elevation. An organism's ability to track climate change is constrained if its habitat cannot shift and is projected to decrease in geographic extent. Geographic distributions were predicted for the Rosy-Finch superspecies (Leucosticte atrata, Leucosticte australis, Leucosticte tephrocotis) for climate change scenarios using correlative species distribution models (SDM). Multiple sources of uncertainty were quantified including choice of SDM, validation statistic, emissions scenario and general circulation model (GCM). Species distribution models are traditionally validated using a threshold-independent statistic called the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic. However, during k-fold cross-validation, this statistic becomes overinflated due to spatial sorting bias existing between the presence and background points. Therefore, a calibrated area under the curve (cAUC) that removes spatial sorting bias, was used to assess predictive accuracy. Boosted regression trees (BRT) and random forest regression trees (RF) had significantly higher predictive skill than did maximum entropy (MaxEnt) or generalized additive models (GAM; p=0.05). Predictions in space and time were made using the tree-based algorithms and applied to two representative concentration pathway (RCP) emissions scenarios, RCP2.6 and RCP8.5, for 15 and 17 GCMs, respectively, for 2061-2080. Despite variability in predictions, there is agreement between the projections for many regions suggesting that Rosy-Finches are extremely vulnerable to climate change. The short-term management implications of this study are the need for an immediate assessment of Rosy-Finches by surveying suitable habitats predicted by the species distribution models to enable population estimates to be made and field validation of species distribution model outputs. Such an approach would revisit historical breeding sites lacking coverage in the eBird and Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) datasets to determine if some populations have already been extirpated due to climate warming. Long-term management implications are to consider the use of large herbivores in alpine and tundra ecosystems in order to mitigate ecosystem response to climate warming and preserve foraging habitat for Rosy-Finches during the breeding season.
Interrogating the origin and behavior of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor scalar parameters in the myocardium
Creators: name: Abdullah, Osama Mahmoud
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: Diffusion
Heart Failure
heart growth
microcirculation
microstructure
MRI

description: Myocardial microstructure plays an important role in sustaining the orchestrated beating motion of the heart. Several microstructural components, including myocytes and auxiliary cells, extracellular space, and blood vessels provide the infrastructure for normal heart function, including excitation propagation, myocyte contraction, delivery of oxygen and nutrients, and removing byproduct wastes. Cardiac diseases cause deleterious changes to some or all of these microstructural components in the detrimental process of cardiac remodeling. Since heart failure is among the leading causes of death in the world, new and novel tools to noninvasively characterize heart microstructure are needed for monitoring and staging of cardiac disease. In this regards, diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a promising framework to probe and quantify tissue microstructure without the need for exogenous contrast agent. As diffusion in 3-dimensional space is characterized by the diffusion tensor, MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is being used to noninvasively measure anisotropic diffusion, and thus the magnitude and spatial orientation of microstructural organization of tissues, including the heart. However, even though in vivo cardiac DTI has become more clinically available, to date the origin and behavior of different microstructural components on the measured DTI signal remain to be explicitly specified. The presented studies in this work demonstrate that DTI can be used as a noninvasive and contrast-free imaging modality to characterize myocyte size and density, extracellular collagen content, and the directional magnitude of blood flow. The identified applications are expected to provide metrics to enable physicians to detect, quantify, and stage different microstructural components during progression of cardiac disease.
Community voices for housing equality: engaging tenants with immigrant and refugee backgrounds in participatory action research
Creators: name: Byrne, Kara Ann
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: housing
immigrant
participatory action research
refugee
renter
structural racism

description: This multiple article path (MAP) dissertation is comprised of three interrelated and independent articles that will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals. Community Voices for Housing Equality (CVHE) is a participatory action research project that developed organically out of residents' increasing sense of urgency surrounding what many perceived to be increasing eviction rates and unfair treatment while renting. Utilizing a PAR framework created an opportunity to unearth circuits of injustice, challenge dominant discourse of low-income renters as the problem, and take action addressing gaps in policy and shifting power back into the hands of community members to increase housing stability. Chapter 1 provides an overview of CVHE, a structural analysis of CVHE findings, as well an introduction to participatory action research as foundational social work. The articles for this MAP dissertation are located in Chapters 2, 3, and 4. Chapter 2 describes the socio-historical and political context of housing, describes grounds of identity related to race, class, and country of origin, and frames CVHE participant experiences within a structural racism framework. Chapter 3 describes Community Voices for Housing Equality, a participatory action research project examining the experiences of low-income renters with refugee and immigrant backgrounds. Chapter 4 presents participatory action research as a foundation for social work practice and research, uniquely suited to understanding experiences of immigration and resettlement. Chapter 5 is a summary and conclusion of the MAP dissertation.
Neural and behavioral responses to deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus
Creators: name: Anderson, Collin
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: Deep Brain Stimulation
Information Theory
Parkinson's Disease

description: Parkinson's Disease (PD) motor symptoms, characterized most commonly by bradykinesia, akinesia, rigidity, and tremor, are brought about through the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, which leads to changes in electrophysiological activity throughout the basal ganglia. These symptoms are often effectively treated in the early stages of the disease by dopamine replacement therapies. However, as the disease progresses, the therapeutic window of pharmacological approaches reduces and patients develop significant side effects, even under minimally effective doses. When the disease reaches this stage, surgical therapies, such as high-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS), are considered. DBS of the subthalamic nucleus partially treats the motor symptoms of PD and has been implemented to treat PD over 50,000 times worldwide, but its mechanisms are unclear.  In this work, we set out to advance the understanding of the mechanisms, function, and malfunction of DBS as a treatment for PD, keeping in mind the idea that DBS treats PD symptoms without restoring basal ganglia neural activity to that seen under healthy conditions. First, we demonstrated that neuronal information directed from the basal ganglia to the thalamus is pathologically increased in the parkinsonian condition and reduced by DBS in a standard 6-OHDA rat model of PD. Next, we developed a rodent model of DBSs role in the exacerbation of hypokinetic dysarthria, providing a framework for the study of this poorly understood side effect of DBS. Finally, we found that DBS creates action suppression deficits independently from a parkinsonian state, and that PD creates apathy that is not rescued by DBS. Our specific results led to the interpretation that DBS, in its current form, might inherently create side effects that are largely unavoidable. Our work fits into the following overarching idea. DBS successfully treats some motor symptoms of PD through the reduction of pathological information transmission. However, the fact that reducing pathological information does not restore neural activity to that present under healthy conditions underlies some of its failures to improve certain symptoms, as well as its exacerbations and side effects.
Tropical cyclone intensity change: evaluating the effects of inner core precipitation properties and environmental influences
Creators: name: Alvey, George Robert
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: hurricane
intensification
precipitation
satellite
tropical cyclone

description: Despite improvements in recent years, tropical cyclone intensity change, and in particular differentiating intensification rates (especially rapid intensification, RI), remains an unresolved issue. Studies have quantified the importance of both environmental and convective properties with respect to intensity change; however, conjoined analyses have been rare. Using 15 years (1998-2012) of analysis information for Atlantic and East Pacific storms, we analyze environmental conditions to determine a threshold in which intensification is plausible. In conjunction with the environmental dataset, an expansive collection of passive microwave satellite data is used to investigate the relative importance of various convective properties (specifically those proxies for convective intensity, symmetry, and area). The Tropical Cyclone - Passive Microwave dataset (TC-PMW) statistics, and in particular, the spatial distributions of precipitation and intense convection (proxied using 85-91 GHz polarization corrected temperatures), are related to environmental conditions in an analysis of storms that meet the ""plausible"" threshold.  Storms with higher intensification rates (including RI) are found to have more ""intense"" near center convection and more asymmetric distributions of precipitation prior to intensification onset (but also a greater overall areal coverage). The rate of symmetrization prior to and during intensification increases with increasing intensity change, and rapidly intensifying storms are more symmetric than slowly intensifying storms after onset. While results clearly demonstrate important contributions from intense convection, it is concluded that hot towers, alone, are neither a necessary nor sufficient condition for RI. Of possibly greater importance, intensification is more strongly correlated to the evolution of the areal, radial, and symmetric distribution of precipitation. In addition, while intensification is sensitive to changes in environmental characteristics, these variables, alone, do not consistently offer predictive value in distinguishing 24-hour intensity changes in 10-kt increments (hence the emphasis on convective and precipitation characteristics).
Advanced methods for depth-to-basement estimation using gravity, magnetic, and electromagnetic data
Creators: name: Cai, Hongzhu
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: Depth-to-basement
Electromagnetic
Gravity
Integral equation
Inversion
Magnetic

description: There is a strong interest in developing effective methods to estimate the depth-to-basement. Potential field methods have already been widely used in this application by parameterizing the earth's subsurface into 3D cells. I introduce a new method of solving this problem based on the 3D Cauchy-type integral (CTI) method which makes it possible to represent the potential fields as surface integrals and the density or magnetization contrast surface needs to be discretized only for the calculation of the potential fields. Another significant objective is the development of a novel method for inversion of potential field data to recover the depth-to-basement using 3D Cauchy-type integral representation. Numerical studies show that the new method is much faster than the conventional method to compute the potential field. My synthetic model studies also show that the developed inversion algorithm is capable of recovering the geometry and depth of a sedimentary basin effectively with a complex density profile in the vertical direction. By nature, the recovered model from potential field inversion is usually very diffusive. Under these circumstances, one has to consider some other geophysical methods, such as electromagnetic (especially the magnetotelluric) methods, which have higher resolution and acceptable exploration cost. Conventional inversion of magnetotelluric (MT) data is aimed at determining the volumetric conductivity distribution. This dissertation develops a novel approach to 3D MT inversion for the depth-to-basement estimation. The key to this approach is selection of the depth-to-basement being the major unknown parameter. The inversion algorithm recovers both the thickness and the conductivities of a sedimentary basin. The sediment-basement interface is usually characterized by density, magnetization, and electrical conductivity contrasts. This makes realistic the joint inversion of potential field and MT data to recover the depth-to-basement. I have developed a joint inversion algorithm to recover the depth to-basement using MT and gravity data. The inversion can recover the physical properties and electrical conductivity simultaneously. The developed methods are illustrated on several realistic geological models. They have also been applied to the USGS field gravity data and synthetic MT data for the Big Bear Lake area.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16210.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 23.01.1946, erstellt von Bernhard Beck
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16295.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 04.05.1946, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16314.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.05.1946, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16300.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 09.05.1946, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16241.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 05.03.1946, erstellt von Bernhard Beck
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 14.11.1946, erstellt von Dr. Manfred Lang, Sonnenobservatorium Kanzelhöhe, Kärnten
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich im Sonnenobservatorium Kanzelhöhe in Sattendorf, Österreich. Instrument: Heliostat mit Refraktor Eigenbau (Öffnung 110mm, f = 1650mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 23.11.1946, erstellt von Dr. Manfred Lang, Sonnenobservatorium Kanzelhöhe, Kärnten
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich im Sonnenobservatorium Kanzelhöhe in Sattendorf, Österreich. Instrument: Heliostat mit Refraktor Eigenbau (Öffnung 110mm, f = 1650mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16490.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 03.12.1946, erstellt von Bernhard Beck
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16475.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 14.11.1946, erstellt von Bernhard Beck
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16346.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 28.06.1946, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16383.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 07.08.1946, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16448.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.10.1946, erstellt von Bernhard Beck
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Patterning via optical saturable transitions
Creators: name: Cantu, Precious
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2016
Subjects: Diffraction
Lithography
Nanopatterning
Optical nanolithography
Optics
Photochromic

description: For  the  past  40  years,  optical  lithography  has  been  the  patterning  workhorse  for  the  semiconductor  industry.   However,  as  integrated  circuits  have  become  more  and  more  complex,  and  as  device  geometries  shrink,  more  innovative  methods  are  required  to  meet  these  needs.   In  the  far-field,  the  smallest  feature  that  can  be  generated  with  light  is  limited  to  approximately  half  the  wavelength.   This  so-called  far-field  diffraction  limit  or  the  Abbe  limit  (after  Prof.  Ernst  Abbe  who  first  recognized  this)  effectively  prevents  the  use  of long-wavelength  photons  (>300nm)  from  patterning  nanostructures  (<100nm).  Even  with  a  193nm  laser  source  and  extremely  complicated  processing,  patterns  below  ~   20nm  are  incredibly  challenging  to  create.  Sources  with  even  shorter  wavelengths  can  potentially  be  used.  However,  these  tend  to  be  much  more  expensive  and  of much  lower  brightness,  which  in  turn  limits  their patterning  speed.  Multi-photon  reactions  have  been  proposed to overcome the diffraction limit.  However,  these require very large intensities for  modest  gain  in  resolution.  Moreover,  the  large  intensities  make  it  difficult  to  parallelize,  thus  limiting the  patterning  speed.  In  this  dissertation,  a  novel  nanopatterning  technique  using  wavelength-selective  small  molecules  that  undergo  single-photon  reactions,  enabling  rapid  top-down  nanopatterning  over  large  areas  at  low-light  intensities,  thereby  allowing  for  the  circumvention  of the  far-field  diffraction  barrier,  is  developed  and  experimentally  verified.  This  approach,  which  I  refer  to  as  Patterning  via  Optical  Saturable  Transitions  (POST)  has  the  potential  for massive  parallelism,  enabling the  creation of nanostructures  and  devices  at  a  speed  far  surpassing  what  is  currently  possible  with  conventional  optical  lithographic  techniques.  The  fundamental  understanding  of  this  technique  goes  beyond  optical lithography in the semiconductor industry and is applicable to any area that requires  the rapid patterning of large-area two- or three-dimensional complex geometries.  At a basic  level,  this  research  intertwines  the  fields  of  electrochemistry,  material  science,  electrical  engineering,  optics,  physics,  and mechanical engineering with the goal of developing a novel  super-resolution  lithographic technique.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16342.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.06.1946, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1946

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt