cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Investigating factors contributing to the survival of Salmonella enterica on mini cucumbers
Creators: name: Chen, Huihui
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Cucumbers have been associated with recent Salmonella enterica (S.enterica) outbreaks. The ability of S. enterica to attach or internalize into produce may be a factor that make these produce items more likely to be sources of S. enterica contamination. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the survival capability of S. enterica on mini cucumbers and explore the factors contributing to the survival of this foodborne pathogen on the surface of cucumbers. Five strains of S. enterica representing different serotypes were individually inoculated onto mini cucumbers and subsequently incubated at 22 ± 2 °C for 8 days or at 4 ± 2 °C for 19 days respectively. Crystal violet assay was performed to quantify the biofilm formation and attachment capability based on the value of optical density at 595 nm of the destaining crystal violet at the specific interval time (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 hours). The phenotypic evaluation of red dry and rough (rdar) morphotype formation of S. enterica were conducted on Luria-Bertani (LB) agar complemented with Congo red (40 μg/mL) and Coomassie brilliant blue (20 μg/mL). The results suggested different S. enterica strains showed differential survival rates at both temperatures. S. Poona exhibited the strongest survival ability at 22 ± 2 °C with the highest Δlog CFU and maximum achieved density (Nmax) of 0.84 ± 0.01 and 6.72 ± 0.05, respectively. However, at 4 ± 2 °C, S. Enteritidis survived better compared with S. Poona due to the least cell density decrease of -0.91 ± 0.01 Δlog CFU and maximum achieved density of 6.04 ± 0.09. Besides, survival behaviors of S. enterica were found to be associated with biofilm formation ability and the biofilm ability differed among different strains. This means that biofilm formation contributes to the survival ability of S. enterica on mini cucumbers. Lastly, different strains exhibited specific morphotypes on Congo red agar, indicating that both curli and cellulose contribute to biofilm formation of S. enterica. Unique survival characteristics among S. enterica reveal that corresponding interventions need to be applied to eliminate contamination of produce with specific S. enterica strains.
Quantisation and the Hessian of Mabuchi energy
Creators: name: Fine, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C21, 32Q15, 53D50

description: Let L be an ample bundle over a compact complex manifold X. Fix a Hermitian metric in L whose curvature defines a Kähler metric on X. The Hessian of Mabuchi energy is a fourth-order elliptic operator D on functions which arises in the study of scalar curvature. We quantise D by the Hessian E(k) of balancing energy, a function appearing in the study of balanced embeddings. E(k) is defined on the space of Hermitian endomorphisms of H^0(X, L^k), endowed with the L^2-innerproduct. We first prove that the leading order term in the asymptotic expansion of E(k) is D. We next show that if Aut(X,L) is discrete modulo scalars, then the eigenvalues and eigenspaces of E(k) converge to those of D. We also prove convergence of the Hessians in the case of a sequence of balanced embeddings tending to a constant scalar curvature Kähler metric. As consequences of our results we prove that a certain estimate of Phong-Sturm is sharp and give a negative answer to a question of Donaldson. We also discuss some possible applications to the study of Calabi flow.
description: 42 pages. Latest version is substantial revision. Main results now hold with no assumptions on spectral gaps. Applications and potential applications now included. Introduction rewritten to provide more context. To appear in Duke Mathematical Journal
Improved elucidation of biological processes linked to diabetic nephropathy by single probe-based microarray data analysis
Creators: name: Cohen, C. D.
name: Lindenmeyer, M. T.
name: Eichinger, F.
name: Hahn, A.
name: Seifert, M.
name: Moll, Anton G.
name: Schmid, H.
name: Kiss, E.
name: Grone, E.
name: Grone, H. J.
name: Kretzler, M.
name: Werner, T.
name: Nelson, P. J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a complex and chronic metabolic disease that evolves into a progressive fibrosing renal disorder. Effective transcriptomic profiling of slowly evolving disease processes such as DN can be problematic. The changes that occur are often subtle and can escape detection by conventional oligonucleotide DNA array analyses. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We examined microdissected human renal tissue with or without DN using Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarrays (HG-U133A) by standard Robust Multi-array Analysis (RMA). Subsequent gene ontology analysis by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) showed limited detection of biological processes previously identified as central mechanisms in the development of DN (e.g. inflammation and angiogenesis). This apparent lack of sensitivity may be associated with the gene-oriented averaging of oligonucleotide probe signals, as this includes signals from cross-hybridizing probes and gene annotation that is based on out of date genomic data. We then examined the same CEL file data using a different methodology to determine how well it could correlate transcriptomic data with observed biology. ChipInspector (CI) is based on single probe analysis and de novo gene annotation that bypasses probe set definitions. Both methods, RMA and CI, used at default settings yielded comparable numbers of differentially regulated genes. However, when verified by RT-PCR, the single probe based analysis demonstrated reduced background noise with enhanced sensitivity and fewer false positives. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Using a single probe based analysis approach with de novo gene annotation allowed an improved representation of the biological processes linked to the development and progression of DN. The improved analysis was exemplified by the detection of Wnt signaling pathway activation in DN, a process not previously reported to be involved in this disease.
Energy-Momentum Tensor for the Electromagnetic Field in a Dielectric
Creators: name: Crenshaw, Michael E.
name: Bahder, Thomas B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The total momentum of a thermodynamically closed system is unique, as is the total energy. Nevertheless, there is continuing confusion concerning the correct form of the momentum and the energy-momentum tensor for an electromagnetic field interacting with a linear dielectric medium. Here we investigate the energy and momentum in a closed system composed of a propagating electromagnetic field and a negligibly reflecting dielectric. The Gordon momentum is easily identified as the total momentum by the fact that it is, by virtue of being invariant in time, conserved. We construct continuity equations for the energy and the Gordon momentum and use the continuity equations to construct an array that has the properties of a traceless, diagonally symmetric energy-momentum tensor. Then the century-old Abraham-Minkowski momentum controversy can be viewed as a consequence of attempting to construct an energy-momentum tensor from continuity equations that contain densities that correspond to nonconserved quantities.
description: added publication information
Melanesian and Asian origins of Polynesians: mtDNA and Y chromosome gradients across the Pacific
Creators: name: Kayser, M.
name: Brauer, S.
name: Cordaux, R.
name: Casto, A.
name: Lao, O.
name: Zhivotovsky, L. A.
name: Moyse-Faurie, C.
name: Rutledge, R. B.
name: Schiefenhoevel, W.
name: Gil, D.
name: Lin, A. A.
name: Underhill, P. A.
name: Oefner, Peter J.
name: Trent, R. J.
name: Stoneking, M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: polynesia; Y chromosome; mtDNA; genetic origins; human population history
subject: 610 Medizin

description: The human settlement of the Pacific Islands represents one of the most recent major migration events of mankind. Polynesians originated in Asia according to linguistic evidence or in Melanesia according to archaeological evidence. To shed light on the genetic origins of Polynesians, we investigated over 400 Polynesians from 8 island groups, in comparison with over 900 individuals from potential parental populations of Melanesia, Southeast and East Asia, and Australia, by means of Y chromosome (NRY) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers. Overall, we classified 94.1% of Polynesian Y chromosomes and 99.8% of Polynesian mtDNAs as of either Melanesian (NRY-DNA: 65.8%, mtDNA: 6%) or Asian (NRY-DNA: 28.3%, mtDNA: 93.8%) origin, suggesting a dual genetic origin of Polynesians in agreement with the "Slow Boat" hypothesis. Our data suggest a pronounced admixture bias in Polynesians toward more Melanesian men than women, perhaps as a result of matrilocal residence in the ancestral Polynesian society. Although dating methods are consistent with somewhat similar entries of NRY/mtDNA haplogroups into Polynesia, haplotype sharing suggests an earlier appearance of Melanesian haplogroups than those from Asia. Surprisingly, we identified gradients in the frequency distribution of some NRY/mtDNA haplogroups across Polynesia and a gradual west-to-east decrease of overall NRY/mtDNA diversity, not only providing evidence for a west-to-east direction of Polynesian settlements but also suggesting that Pacific voyaging was regular rather than haphazard. We also demonstrate that Fiji played a pivotal role in the history of Polynesia: humans probably first migrated to Fiji, and subsequent settlement of Polynesia probably came from Fiji.
Condensation phase transition in nonlinear fitness networks
Creators: name: Su, Guifeng
name: Zhang, Xiaobing
name: Zhang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We analyze the condensation phase transitions in out-of-equilibrium complex networks in a unifying framework which includes the nonlinear model and the fitness model as its appropriate limits. We show a novel phase structure which depends on both the fitness parameter and the nonlinear exponent. The occurrence of the condensation phase transitions in the dynamical evolution of the network is demonstrated by using Bianconi-Barabasi method. We find that the nonlinear and the fitness preferential attachment mechanisms play important roles in formation of an interesting phase structure.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Transient inactivation of the infralimbic cortex induces antidepressant-like effects in the rat
Creators: name: Slattery, David A.
name: Neumann, Inga D.
name: Cryan, John F.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cingulate, depression, forced swim test, inactivation, neuroimaging, trait anxiety
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Affective disorders are among the main causes of disability worldwide, yet the underlying pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Recently, landmark neuroimaging studies have shown increased metabolic activity in Brodmann Area 25 (BA25) in depressed patients. Moreover, functional inactivation of this region using deep brain stimulation alleviated depressive symptoms in severely depressed patients. Thus, we examined the effect of a similar manipulation, pharmacological inactivation of the infralimbic cortex, the rodent correlate of BA25, in an animal model of antidepressant activity: the modified rat forced swim test. Transient inactivation of the infralimbic cortex using muscimol reduced immobility, an antidepressant-like effect in the test. Importantly, this activity was not the result of a general increase in locomotor activity. Activation of the infralimbic cortex using bicuculline did not alter behaviour. Finally, we examined the effect of muscimol in animals bred for high anxiety-related behaviour, which also display elevated depression-related behaviour. Transient inactivation of the infralimbic cortex decreased the high inborn depression-like behaviour of these rats. These results show that it is possible to replicate findings from a clinical trial in a rodent model. Further, they support the use of the forced swim test to gain greater understanding of the neurocircuitry involved in depression and antidepressant-action.
Identification of a Myogenic and Highly Transplantable Tert Expressing Non-Satellite Stem Cell Population
Creators: name: Kim, Stewart
name: Artandi, Steven
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biology
Skeletal Muscle
Stem Cells
Telomerase
Regenerative Medicine

description: Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (Tert), a component of the telomerase holoenzyme complex, has been previously identified as a marker of stem cell populations across tissues. However, its role in skeletal muscle is poorly understood. In skeletal muscle, volumetric muscle loss injuries pose a unique challenge for cellular-based therapies, which so far have been relatively unsuccessful in preclinical models. Using a Tert-lineage tracing genetic mouse model, we identified a set of rare Tert expressing cells distributed throughout muscle. These Tert-lineage cells expand upon injury and contribute to myofiber regeneration in a delayed fashion. In addition, muscular regeneration upon repeated injuries is impaired by the loss of Tert in Tert expressing cells and their progeny. While a very small population of satellite cells express Tert, we also identified a population of Tert Expressing Multipotent Myogenic Progenitors (TEMMPros). These TEMMPros are multipotent and myogenic in vitro and via transplantation in a Tert-dependent manner. Furthermore, transplantation of these TEMMPros resulted in improved regeneration compared to satellite cells in a mouse model of volumetric muscle loss. Single-cell sequencing reveals that TEMMPros are transcriptionally distinct from other known skeletal muscle cell populations including satellite cells. These observations identify a novel subset of myogenic, non-satellite Tert expressing cells in mice that possess remarkable capacity for regeneration and may serve as a cell-based therapeutic for skeletal muscle damage.
A Pointwise a-priori Estimate for the d-bar Neumann Problem on Weakly Pseudoconvex Domains
Creators: name: Range, R. Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a new integral representation formula in the d-bar Neumann Theory on weakly pseudoconvex domains which satisfies certain estimates analogous to the basic L^2 estimate. It is expected that more complete estimates can be obtained in case the boundary is of finite type.
Tinnitus with Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A Specific Entity of Tinnitus Patients?
Creators: name: Vielsmeier, Veronika
name: Kleinjung, Tobias
name: Strutz, Jürgen
name: Bürgers, Ralf
name: Kreuzer, Peter M.
name: Langguth, Berthold
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: tinnitus, temporomandibular joint, somatic, risk factor, pathophysiology, hearing
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Objective. Tinnitus is frequently associated with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. However, the nature of the relationship is not fully understood. Here the authors compared 30 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of temporomandibular joint dysfunction and tinnitus to a group of 61 patients with tinnitus but without any subjective complaints of TMJ dysfunction with respect to clinical and demographic characteristics. Study Design. Case-control study. Setting. Tertiary referral center. Subjects. Tinnitus patients with and without TMJ dysfunction presenting at the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and the Tinnitus Clinic at the University of Regensburg. Results. Tinnitus patients with TMJ disorder had better hearing function (P < .0005), lower age (P = .001), and lower age at tinnitus onset (P = .002) and were more frequently female (P = .003). Their subjectively perceived tinnitus loudness was lower (P = .01), and more of them could modulate their tinnitus by jaw or neck movements (P = .001). Conclusion. Classical risk factors for tinnitus (age, male gender, hearing loss) are less relevant in tinnitus patients with TMJ disorder, suggesting a causal role of TMJ pathology in the generation and maintenance of tinnitus. Based on this finding, treatment of TMJ disorder may represent a causally oriented treatment strategy for tinnitus.
Diagnosis of pericardial effusion with a new generation hand-carried ultrasound device in cardiothoracic intensive care unit patients
Creators: name: Schleder, Stephan
name: Dittmar, Michael S.
name: Poschenrieder, F.
name: Dornia, C.
name: Schmid, C.
name: Rennert, Janine
name: Stroszczynski, Christian
name: Jung, Ernst Michael
name: Heiss, P.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Ultrasound, thorax, CT, heart, cardiac
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Technological advances introduced hand-carried ultrasound (HCU) imagers in daily clinical workflow providing several benefits such as fast bedside availability and prompt diagnosis. Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic yield of a latest generation HCU imager compared to contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) for the detection of pericardial effusion (PE) in cardiothoracic intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Material and Methods: Thirty-six patients from a cardiothoracic ICU were enrolled to this study irrespective of their underlying disease. All patients were examined with a new generation HCU for the presence of PE. Definite diagnosis of PE was based on findings of MDCT as standard of reference. Statistical analysis was performed using PASW 18. Results: PE was identified in 20 patients by MDCT (prevalence 56%). The HCU examination was carried out technically successfully in all patients. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of HCU for the diagnosis of PE were 75%, 88%, 88%, and 74%, respectively. Conclusion: HCU provides rapid, practical, reliable, and cost-effective diagnosis of PE in patients on cardiothoracic ICU.
A conservative coupling algorithm between a compressible flow and a rigid body using an Embedded Boundary method
Creators: name: Monasse, Laurent
name: Daru, Virginie
name: Mariotti, Christian
name: Piperno, Serge
name: Tenaud, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper deals with a new solid-fluid coupling algorithm between a rigid body and an unsteady compressible fluid flow, using an Embedded Boundary method. The coupling with a rigid body is a first step towards the coupling with a Discrete Element method. The flow is computed using a Finite Volume approach on a Cartesian grid. The expression of numerical fluxes does not affect the general coupling algorithm and we use a one-step high-order scheme proposed by Daru and Tenaud [Daru V,Tenaud C., J. Comput. Phys. 2004]. The Embedded Boundary method is used to integrate the presence of a solid boundary in the fluid. The coupling algorithm is totally explicit and ensures exact mass conservation and a balance of momentum and energy between the fluid and the solid. It is shown that the scheme preserves uniform movement of both fluid and solid and introduces no numerical boundary roughness. The effciency of the method is demonstrated on challenging one- and two-dimensional benchmarks.
The importance of Joule heating on the voltage-triggered insulator-to-metal transition in VO₂
Creators: name: Spitzig, Alyson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The large change in resistivity in the material VO₂ has attracted considerable attention since it was first discovered in 1959. Recently, the ability to trigger the insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) with a strong electric field has been observed, but there has been debate about whether the transition is due to field-effects. We apply a voltage bias across a VO₂ thin film via a conductive atomic force microscope (CAFM) tip and measure the resultant current. We observe the IMT as a jump in the measured current in the IV curves. We fit the IV curves to the Poole-Frenkel (PF) conduction mechanism in the insulating state, immediately preceding the IMT. The PF conduction mechanism describes the thermal excitation of electrons into the conduction band in insulators, facilitated by strong electric fields. The PF mechanism is temperature dependent, and we use the temperature dependence to calculate the local temperature of the film before the transition. We directly compare the local electric field and local temperature of the film immediately preceding the IMT. We determine that the transition is not solely due to the applied electric field, but rather that the tip has locally warmed the film close to its IMT temperature through Joule heating.
A p-adic Eisenstein measure for unitary groups
Creators: name: Eischen, Ellen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F33, 11F30

description: We construct a p-adic Eisenstein measure with values in the space of p-adic automorphic forms on certain unitary groups. Using this measure, we p-adically interpolate certain special values of both holomorphic and non-holomorphic Eisenstein series, as both the archimedean and the p-adic weights of the Eisenstein series vary.
description: Accepted for publication in the Journal f\"ur die reine und angewandte Mathematik (Crelle's Journal)
Interplay between interkinetic nuclear migration and cell fate determination in the developing zebrafish retina
Creators: name: Azizi, Afnan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: zebrafish retina
interkinetic nuclear migration
differentiation
two photon microscopy
diffusive process

description: The vertebrate central nervous system (CNS) is arranged into exquisitely organized strata from a diverse collection of neuronal types. The zebrafish retina is a well-established model for studying the vertebrate CNS because it can be readily accessed during development and directly imaged. All main retinal cell types are derived from multipotent retinal progenitor cells (RPCs), whose clonal sizes and compositions are stochastically determined. However, the biological processes that contribute to the stochastic cell fate decision making of RPCs remain largely unexplored. Another major hallmark of neural development is the oscillatory movement of nuclei between the apical and basal surfaces of the neuroepithelium during the process of interkinetic nuclear migration (IKNM). The precise role of IKNM in creating the organized diversity of neuronal tissues is the topic of continued and vigorous investigation. Therefore, we employed long-term, rapid imaging of whole zebrafish retinas during early stages of development to reveal the physical processes that govern the behavior of nuclei during IKNM and their contribution to variability in fate decision making of RPCs. We opti- mized the use of light sheet and two-photon microscopy techniques to image the developing zebrafish retina at a high temporal resolution over long time periods. These images made the raw material for production of reliable tracks of nuclear movements and division during early retinogenesis, for many tightly packed nuclei, using automated tracking software and manual curation. Subsequently, these tracks were used to create a model of retinal IKNM as a diffusive process across a nuclear concentration gradient generated by the addition of new nuclei at the apical surface. This analytical model is based on the observed stochastic basal movements of the nuclei during IKNM and produces a diffusion constant in line with those previously reported in the literature. Therefore, based on crowding of nuclei at the apical surface and a nuclear concentration gradient along the apicobasal axis, it provides a reasonable quantitative explanation for the stochastic distribution of nuclei across the retina. Furthermore, analysis of nuclear migration and cell fate determination imply a significant contribution of nuclear position and time spent near the basal surface on cell fate choices. These results suggest that IKNM may stochastically distribute nuclei across the retina whose positions, in turn, affect their fate choices.
Quantum Metrology in Non-Markovian Environments
Creators: name: Chin, Alex W.
name: Huelga, Susana F.
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze precision bounds for a local phase estimation in the presence of general, non-Markovian phase noise. We demonstrate that the metrological equivalence of product and maximally entangled states that holds under strictly Markovian dephasing fails in the non-Markovian case. Using an exactly solvable model of a physically realistic finite bandwidth dephasing environment, we demonstrate that the ensuing non-Markovian dynamics enables quantum correlated states to outperform metrological strategies based on uncorrelated states using otherwise identical resources. We show that this conclusion is a direct result of the coherent dynamics of the global state of the system and environment and therefore the obtained scaling with the number of particles, which surpasses the standard quantum limit but does not achieve Heisenberg resolution, possesses general validity that goes beyond specific models. This is in marked contrast with the situation encountered under general Markovian noise, where an arbitrarily small amount of noise is enough to restore the scaling dictated by the standard quantum limit.
EEG Alpha Spindles as Indicators for Prolonged Brake Reaction Time During Auditory Secondary Tasks in a Real Road Driving Study
Creators: name: Schrauf, Michael
name: Sonnleitner, Andreas
name: Simon, Michael
name: Kincses, Wilhelm E.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Driver distraction accounts for a substantial number of traffic accidents. Therefore, the impact of auditory secondary tasks on driving performance was examined. In addition to performance measures, i.e. reaction time on emergency brakings of a leading vehicle, mental driver states were described by electroencephalographic (EEG: alpha spindles, alpha band power) as well as cardiac activity (ECG: heart rate variability). Results show that brake reaction time (RT) increased with time-on-task during all conditions (p
An innovation learning platform for drought tolerant maize in Malawi: lessons learned and the way forward
Creators: name: Girma T. Kassie
name: Erenstein, Olaf
name: Mwangi, Wilfred
name: Setimela, Peter
name: Langyintuo, Augustine
name: K. K. Kaonga
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: An innovation learning platform for drought tolerant maize in Malawi: lessons learned and the way forward
Possible bound state of the double heavy meson-baryon system
Creators: name: Xu, Qing
name: Jin, Hongying
name: Steele, T. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the two-pion exchange potential between a heavy meson and a heavy baryon. We find this potential is as strong as the one-pion exchange potential between two heavy mesons and is enough to bind $Λ_b-\bar B$. Though our result is sensitive to the cut-off, the value of the cut-off is in the reasonable region.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, replace the old verson which does not correspond to the published version
Applications of Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation in total synthesis
Creators: name: Mommahed Heravi, Majid
name: BaieLashaki, Tahmineh
name: Poorahmad, Nasim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30701 Quantum Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: 40204 Organic Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials

description: This report presents the applications of enantioselective epoxidation of prochiral allylic alcohols, so called 'Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation', which is frequently referred as 'kinetic resolution'. This reaction results in the corresponding 2,3-epoxy alcohols in high stereoselectivity as excellent starting materials for the synthesis of complex targets, such as naturally occurring biologically active molecules.
Determination of the Defining Boundary in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Experiments
Creators: name: Laun, Frederik Bernd
name: Kuder, Tristan Anselm
name: Semmler, Wolfhard
name: Stieltjes, Bram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While nuclear magnetic resonance diffusion experiments are widely used to resolve structures confining the diffusion process, it has been elusive whether they can exactly reveal these structures. This question is closely related to X-ray scattering and to Kac's "hear the drum" problem. Although the shape of the drum is not "hearable", we show that the confining boundary of closed pores can indeed be detected using modified Stejskal-Tanner magnetic field gradients that preserve the phase information and enable imaging of the average pore in a porous medium with a largely increased signal-to-noise ratio.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Frequency and syndrome specificity of antibodies to aquaporin-4 in neurological patients with rheumatic disorders
Creators: name: Jarius, Sven
name: Jacobi, Christian
name: Seze, Jerome de
name: Zephir, Helene
name: Paul, Friedemann
name: Franciotta, Diego
name: Rommer, Paulus
name: Mader, Simone
name: Kleiter, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: antibody to aquaporin-4, connective tissue disorders, diagnosis, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, neuromyelitis optica (Devic’s disease), neuropsychiatric lupus, NMO-IgG, rheumatic diseases, scleroderma, Sjo¨ gren’s syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, vasculitis
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: A new autoantibody (termed NMO-IgG, or AQP4-Ab) has recently been described in patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and its formes frustes, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) and recurrent optic neuritis (rON). However, AQP4-Ab has been found also in patients with co-existing rheumatic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), conditions which are characterized by broad, polyspecific B cell activation. Objectives: In this study, we aimed at evaluating the syndrome specificity and frequency of AQP4-Ab in patients with rheumatic diseases and neurological symptoms. Methods: For this purpose, serum samples from 109 neurological patients with established connective tissue disorders (CTD) (n = 54), possible CTD (n = 42), or vasculitis (n = 13) were analysed for the presence of AQP4-Ab by a cell-based assay employing recombinant human AQP4. Results: AQP4-Ab was detectable in 31/40 (78%) patients with CTD and NMO spectrum disorders (median titre, 1:1000) but in none of the samples obtained from patients with CTD or vasculitis and neurological disorders other than NMO, LETM, or rON (n = 69). Conclusion: The high syndrome specificity of the antibody for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) in patients with CTD supports the concept of AQP4-Ab being involved in the pathogenesis of these neurological conditions, and argues against AQP4-Ab simply being part of the polyclonal B cell activation generally associated with rheumatic diseases. Moreover, the finding that AQP4-Ab is present in patients with CTD and co-existing NMOSD with approximately the same frequency as in patients without CTD strengthens the case of CTD and AQP4-Ab positive NMOSD representing two co-existing yet distinct entities in the majority of patients.
Some congruences involving binomial coefficients
Creators: name: Cao, Hui-Qin
name: Sun, Zhi-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A10, 11B65, 05A19, 11A07, 11B39

description: Binomial coefficients and central trinomial coefficients play important roles in combinatorics. Let $p>3$ be a prime. We show that $$T_{p-1}\equiv\left(\frac p3\right)3^{p-1}\ \pmod{p^2},$$ where the central trinomial coefficient $T_n$ is the constant term in the expansion of $(1+x+x^{-1})^n$. We also prove three congruences modulo $p^3$ conjectured by Sun, one of which is $$\sum_{k=0}^{p-1}\binom{p-1}k\binom{2k}k((-1)^k-(-3)^{-k})\equiv \left(\frac p3\right)(3^{p-1}-1)\ \pmod{p^3}.$$ In addition, we get some new combinatorial identities.
description: 9 pages, final published version
Jucys-Murphy elements and a presentation for partition algebras
Creators: name: Enyang, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C08, 15E10, 20C30, 16G99

description: We give a new presentation for the partition algebras. This presentation was discovered in the course of establishing an inductive formula for the partition algebra Jucys-Murphy elements defined by Halverson and Ram [European J. Combin. 26 (2005), 869-921]. Using Schur-Weyl duality we show that our recursive formula and the original definition of Jucys-Murphy elements given by Halverson and Ram are equivalent. The new presentation and inductive formula for the partition algebra Jucys-Murphy elements given in this paper are used to construct the seminormal representations for the partition algebras in a separate paper.
description: 39 pages, 9 figures. Typos corrected and editorial changes made from v1-3. The final publication is available at springerlink.com
Nested effects models for high-dimensional phenotyping screens
Creators: name: Markowetz, F.
name: Kostka, D.
name: Troyanskaya, O. G.
name: Spang, Rainer
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Motivation: In high-dimensional phenotyping screens, a large number of cellular features is observed after perturbing genes by knockouts or RNA interference. Comprehensive analysis of perturbation effects is one of the most powerful techniques for attributing functions to genes, but not much work has been done so far to adapt statistical and computational methodology to the specific needs of large-scale and high-dimensional phenotyping screens. Results: We introduce and compare probabilistic methods to efficiently infer a genetic hierarchy from the nested structure of observed perturbation effects. These hierarchies elucidate the structures of signaling pathways and regulatory networks. Our methods achieve two goals: (1) they reveal clusters of genes with highly similar phenotypic profiles, and (2) they order (clusters of) genes according to subset relationships between phenotypes. We evaluate our algorithms in the controlled setting of simulation studies and show their practical use in two experimental scenarios: (1) a data set investigating the response to microbial challenge in Drosophila melanogaster, and (2) a compendium of expression profiles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae knockout strains. We show that our methods identify biologically justified genetic hierarchies of perturbation effects. Availability: The software used in our analysis is freely available in the R package ‘nem’ from www.bioconductor.org
Tinnitus: The Complexity of Standardization
Creators: name: Langguth, Berthold
name: Kleinjung, Tobias
name: Landgrebe, Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: assessment, clinical guidelines, outcome measurement, standardization, tinnitus
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Tinnitus is a heterogeneous disorder that causes significant impairment in many patients. Treatment is elusive and there is a need for more comprehensive guidelines for diagnosis and management of tinnitus. However, different standardization approaches should be differentiated according to their specific purpose. Standardization of assessment methods and outcome measurements are useful for the performance of clinical trials, for comparison of results across centers, for clinic audits, and for epidemiological studies. In contrast, clinical guidelines are the best approach for the standardization of the clinical management of tinnitus patients. In the development of these clinical guidelines, the heterogeneity of tinnitus should be considered. Tinnitus can be a symptom of a severe underlying disease. Also, there are specific subforms of tinnitus for which curative treatment options are available. Therefore, medical diagnosis is necessarily the first step in tinnitus management. Treatment guidelines should not be restricted to recommendations that are supported by high-level evidence. They should also contain treatment recommendations that have shown clinically highly relevant effects in case series of specific tinnitus subgroups.
Buildings, spiders, and geometric Satake
Creators: name: Fontaine, Bruce
name: Kamnitzer, Joel
name: Kuperberg, Greg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let G be a simple algebraic group. Labelled trivalent graphs called webs can be used to product invariants in tensor products of minuscule representations. For each web, we construct a configuration space of points in the affine Grassmannian. Via the geometric Satake correspondence, we relate these configuration spaces to the invariant vectors coming from webs. In the case G = SL(3), non-elliptic webs yield a basis for the invariant spaces. The non-elliptic condition, which is equivalent to the condition that the dual diskoid of the web is CAT(0), is explained by the fact that affine buildings are CAT(0).
description: 49 pages; revised and to appear in Compositio Mathematica
Asymptotics for sums of a function of normalized independent sums
Creators: name: Kosiński, Kamil Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G0F05

description: We derive a central limit theorem for sums of a function of independent sums of independent and identically distributed random variables. In particular we show that previously known result from Rempa\la and Weso\lowski (Statist. Probab. Lett. 74 (2005) 129--138), which can be obtained by applying the logarithm as the function, holds true under weaker assumptions.
First application of a new portable, miniaturized system for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Creators: name: Müller, Thomas
name: Philipp, Alois
name: Lubnow, Matthias
name: Weingart, Christian
name: Pfeifer, Michael
name: Riegger, Günter A. J.
name: Schmid, Christof
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: miniaturized extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, swine flu, protective ventilation, CardioHelp
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Extracorporeal assist systems for respiratory and circulatory failure are increasingly used in intensive care medicine. Important technical innovations over the past years have resulted in improved biocompatibility and, consequently, reduced complication rates. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) technology experienced a surge of use during the influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, but transport of unstable patients with life-threatening ARDS is still hazardous. We describe the first successful application of a newly developed, compact and easily portable ECMO device in a patient with severe ARDS due to influenza A (H1N1). Support with the miniaturized ECMO resulted in immediate improvement of gas exchange and a highly protective ventilation. Inspiratory pressure was decreased from 40 to 29 cmH2O and tidal volume per kilogram of predicted bodyweight could be reduced from 6.5 to 3.3 mL. Small and efficient heart-lung assist systems will become a tool of growing importance in intensive care medicine, both for profound respiratory and cardiac failure in the future. The reduced weight and compact design of the device greatly facilitates transport and handling of unstable patients on ECMO.
Synthesis and evaluation of 3-amino/guanidine substituted phenyl oxazoles as a novel class of LSD1 inhibitors with anti-proliferative properties
Creators: name: Dulla, Balakrishna
name: Kirla, Krishna T.
name: Rathore, V.
name: Deora, G. S.
name: Kavela, S.
name: Maddika, S.
name: Chatti, K.
name: Reiser, Oliver
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: A series of functionalized phenyl oxazole derivatives was designed, synthesized and screened in vitro for their activities against LSD1 and for effects on viability of cervical and breast cancer cells, and in vivo for effects using zebrafish embryos. These compounds are likely to act via multiple epigenetic mechanisms specific to cancer cells including LSD1 inhibition.
Red flags and dark traits : an exploration of individual differences in a sample of youth charged with violent sexual and nonsexual crime
Creators: name: Rose, Katherine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Youth who commit crimes of a sexual nature are a highly understudied demographic of sexual perpetrators. Research to date has had limited success in distinguishing youth who perpetrate sexually from their nonsexual counterparts. Traits associated with psychopathy, a disorder of personality, have been linked to criminal sexual behaviour in adults. While research at the youth level has been relatively minimal, it is possible that these arguably stable traits contribute to analogous behaviours in youth. Further, research suggests that individual differences linked to antisocial behaviour, specifically low IQ and childhood mistreatment, may also influence the likelihood of sexual offending. However, the relationship between psychopathy, intelligence, and child maltreatment remains unclear. Using a sample of juveniles charged with sexual and nonsexual crimes obtained from the Oklahoma Office of Juvenile Affairs (OOJA), the present study examined the construct of adolescent psychopathy measured by the PCL-YV as it relates to perpetration, with the consideration of two moderators: IQ and experience of childhood abuse. Interpretation of a binomial logistic regression suggested that, contrary to hypothesis, none of the main variables or interactions were associated with having a sexually violent criminal charge. However, descriptive and supplementary analyses indicate that young offenders are a heterogeneous group warranting interdisciplinary cooperation and further study for best preventative practice. Findings can also educate front-line workers in their understanding of young sexually violent and generally violent delinquents, facilitating their knowledge of how to tailor programming to individual needs.
The algebraic structure of the universal complicial sets
Creators: name: Steiner, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D05

description: The nerve of a strict omega-category is a simplicial set with additional structure, making it into a so-called complicial set, and strict omega-categories are in fact equivalent to complicial sets. The nerve functor is represented by a sequence of strict omega-categories, called orientals, which are associated to simplexes. In this paper we give a detailed algebraic description of the morphisms between orientals. The aim is to describe complicial sets algebraically, by operators and equational axioms.
description: 25 pages. As to appear in Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra. Minor corrections, addtional explanations, some propositions reclassified as lemmas
Luminescent gold–silver complexes derived from neutral bis(perfluoroaryl)diphosphine gold(I) precursors
Creators: name: Bojan, R. Vilma
name: Czerwieniec, Rafal
name: Laguna, A.
name: Lasanta, T.
name: López-de-Luzuriaga, José M.
name: Monge, Miguel
name: Olmos, M. Elena
name: Yersin, Hartmut
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: Complex [Au{4-C6F4(4-C6BrF4)}(tht)] reacts with diphosphines (L–L) such as bis(diphenylphosphino)methane (dppm) or 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene (dppb) in a 2 : 1 molar ratio in dichloromethane, leading to neutral products of stoichiometry [(Au{4-C6F4(4-C6BrF4)})2(μ-L–L)] (L–L = dppm (1), dppb (2)). In the crystal structure of complex 2 short Au⋯Au interactions of 2.9367(5) and 2.9521(5) Å appear. This complex displays an orange emission, which is assigned to arise from a charge transfer transition from a metal centered Au–Au orbital to an orbital located at the diphosphine ligand. Addition of silver trifluoroacetate to these complexes in a 1 : 1 or a 2 : 1 molar ratio generates polymeric heterometallic gold–silver compounds of stoichiometry [Ag2Au2{4-C6F4(4-C6BrF4)}2(CF3CO2)2(μ-L–L)]n (L–L = dppm (3), dppb (4)), which confirms the capability of the neutral [(Au{4-C6F4(4-C6BrF4)})2(μ-diphosphine)] units to act as electron density donors when treated with a Lewis acid substrate. These heterometallic derivatives show blue emissions indicating large HOMO–LUMO band gaps, due to the stabilization that the gold-based HOMO orbitals suffer when the electron withdrawing silver trifluoroacetate fragments interact with them.
Interpretation of experimental hydrogen-bond enthalpies and entropies from COSMO polarisation charge densities
Creators: name: Klamt, Andreas
name: Reinisch, Jens
name: Eckert, Frank
name: Graton, J.
name: Le Questel, J.-Y.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: In this work, experimental hydrogen-bond (HB) enthalpies measured in previous works for a wide range of acceptor molecules in dilute mixtures of 4-fluorophenol in non-polar solvents are quantified from COSMO polarisation charge densities σ of HB acceptors (HBA). As well as previously demonstrated for quantum chemically calculated HB enthalpies, a good correlation of the experimental data with the polarisation charge densities is observed, covering an extended range of HBA (O, N, S, π systems and halogens) ranging from very weak to strong hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, for the first time, a quantitative analysis of experimental HB entropies is performed for such a chemical diversity of HBA. A good quantification of these entropies is achieved using the polarisation charge density σ as a descriptor in combination with the logarithm of a directional partition function ΩHB. This partition function covers the directional and multiplicity entropy of HBA and is based on the σ-proportional HB enthalpy expression taken from COSMO-RS. As a result, the experimental HB enthalpies and free energies of the ∼300 HB complexes are quantified with an accuracy of ∼2 kJ mol−1 based on COSMO polarisation charge densities.