cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Critique of ANSI SQL Isolation Levels
Creators: name: Berenson, Hal
name: Bernstein, Phil
name: Gray, Jim
name: Melton, Jim
name: O'Neil, Elizabeth
name: O'Neil, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: ANSI SQL-92 defines Isolation Levels in terms of phenomena: Dirty Reads, Non-Repeatable Reads, and Phantoms. This paper shows that these phenomena and the ANSI SQL definitions fail to characterize several popular isolation levels, including the standard locking implementations of the levels. Investigating the ambiguities of the phenomena leads to clearer definitions; in addition new phenomena that better characterize isolation types are introduced. An important multiversion isolation type, Snapshot Isolation, is defined.
Employing different parameters of disease epidemics for screening and assessment of tomato genotypes against early blight disease
Creators: name: Khan, Tamana
name: Rashid, Rizwan
name: Afroza, Baseerat
name: Shah, Labiba
name: Khan, Sabba
name: Padder, Bilal A.
name: Shah, Mehraj D.
name: Al Tawaha, Abdel Rahman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Early blight is the most devastating fungal disease that infects tomato (Solanum spp.) caused by Alternaria spp. Screening of a panel of fifty-one tomato lines comprising some wild relatives for resistance against early blight was carried out under uninoculated natural field conditions and under artificially controlled conditions where the latter was found to be more informative. Disease intensity was recorded at different time intervals under both conditions following Pandey’s 5-point scale to find out the percent disease intensity (PDI) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC). Under the influence of constant inoculum load, disease intensity was found to increase with the age of plants. A positive association was shared between PDI and AUDPC while resistance was found to be negatively correlated with AUDPC. A parallelism in genotype performance was found for screening results and AUDPC under both conditions. Resistant genotypes can be utilized in future breeding schemes for producing hybrids resistant to early blight.
Genetic Bi-objective Optimization Approach to Habitability Score
Creators: name: Krishna, Sriram
name: Pentapati, Niharika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The search for life outside the Solar System is an endeavour of astronomers all around the world. With hundreds of exoplanets being discovered due to advances in astronomy, there is a need to classify the habitability of these exoplanets. This is typically done using various metrics such as the Earth Similarity Index or the Planetary Habitability Index. In this paper, Genetic Algorithms are used to evaluate the best possible habitability scores using the Cobb-Douglas Habitability Score. Genetic Algorithm is a classic evolutionary algorithm used for solving optimization problems. It is based on Darwin's theory of evolution, "Survival of the fittest". The working of the algorithm is established through comparison with various benchmark functions and extended its functionality to Multi-Objective optimization. The Cobb-Douglas Habitability Function is formulated as a bi-objective as well as a single objective optimization problem to find the optimal values to maximize the Cobb-Douglas Habitability Score for a set of promising exoplanets.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, granted for publication in Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS) proceedings by Springer Nature, presented at the International Conference on Modeling, Machine Learning and Astronomy (MMLA19)
Structure and Evolution of Regular Galaxies
Creators: name: Einasto, Jaan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Thesis is an attempt to combine data from three previously independent areas - the structure and kinematics of stellar populations of the Galaxy, photometric and dynamical models of galaxies, and models of the dynamical and physical evolution of galaxies. This synthesis was made with the goal to understand better the vast topic of the structure and evolution of galaxies. The main results of the study can be divided into methodical and astronomical. The methodical results are 1) extrapolation of the mass distribution function beyond the Sun distance, and the determination of the circular velocity at the Sun distance from the Galactic centre; 2) conditions of physical correctness of models are developed, and the generalised exponential model is suggested; 3) a method has been developed to construct spatial and hydrodynamical models of stellar systems, using a combination of observational data on populations, and data on physical evolution of populations. The main astronomical results are - 1) spatial and hydrodynamical models of the Galaxy and the Andromeda galaxy M31 are elaborated in several approximations; 2) the dynamical evolution of the Galaxy is reconstructed using kinematical characteristics of stellar populations of different ages; 3) on the basis of stellar evolutionary tracks and star formation function, a theory of the evolution of galaxies is elaborated. The basic conclusion of the study is: it is impossible to reproduce the observed rotation curves of galaxies with known stellar populations.
description: English translation of the thesis for the degree of Doctor of Science in astronomy and celestial mechanics with epilogue, 254 pages
Elicitation - switch-reference
Creators: name: Piño Bonangué, José
name: Clem, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: amc

description: This bundle contains recordings and associated notes from an elicitation session conducted by Emily Clem with José Piño Bonangué. Topics covered include switch-reference, word order with complex nominals, negation, relative clauses, and attitude reports.
Green reconstruction of MIL-100 (Fe) in water for high crystallinity and enhanced guest encapsulation
Creators: name: Souza, Barbara E.
name: Möslein, Annika F.
name: Titov, Kirill
name: Taylor, James D.
name: Rudić, Svemir
name: Tan, Jin-Chong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MIL-100 (Fe) is a highly porous metal-organic framework (MOF), considered as a promising carrier for drug delivery, and for gas separation and capture applications. However, this functional material suffers from elaborated and toxic synthesis that may hinder its biomedical use and large-scale production to afford commercial applications. Herein, we report a green mechanochemical water immersion approach to yield highly crystalline MIL100 (Fe) material. Subsequently, we have harnessed this strategy for facile fabrication of drug@MOF composite systems, comprising (guests) 5-fluorouracil, caffeine, or aspirin encapsulated in the pores of (host) MIL-100 (Fe). Inelastic neutron scattering was uniquely used to probe the guest host interactions arising from pore confinement of the drug molecules, giving additional insights into the reconstruction mechanism. Our results pave the way to the green production of MIL type materials and bespoke guest-encapsulated composites by minimizing the use of toxic chemicals, whilst enhancing energy efficiency and material's life cycle central to biotechnological applications.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, Supporting information
Elicitation - switch-reference
Creators: name: Sampi Ríos, Celia
name: Clem, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: amc

description: This bundle contains recordings and associated notes from an elicitation session conducted by Emily Clem with Celia Sampi Ríos. Topics covered include word order with complex nominals, switch-reference, and negation.
Star cluster disruption by giant molecular clouds
Creators: name: Gieles, M.
name: Zwart, S. F. Portegies
name: Baumgardt, H.
name: Athanassoula, E.
name: Lamers, H. J. G. L. M.
name: Sipior, M.
name: Leenaarts, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate encounters between giant molecular clouds (GMCs) and star clusters. We propose a single expression for the energy gain of a cluster due to an encounter with a GMC, valid for all encounter distances and GMC properties. This relation is verified with N-body simulations of cluster-GMC encounters and excellent agreement is found. The fractional mass loss from the cluster is 0.25 times the fractional energy gain. This is because 75% of the injected energy goes to the velocities of escaping stars, that are higher than the escape velocity. We derive an expression for the cluster disruption time (t_dis) based on the mass loss from the simulations, taking into account the effect of gravitational focusing by the GMC. The disruption time depends on the cluster mass (M_c) and half-mass radius (r_h) as t_dis=2.0 S (M_c/10^4 M_sun)(3.75 pc/r_h)^3 Gyr, with S=1 for the solar neighbourhood and inversely proportional to the GMC density. The observed shallow relation between cluster radius and mass gives t_dis a power-law dependence on the mass with index 0.7, similar to that found from observations and from simulations of clusters dissolving in tidal fields (0.62). The constant of 2.0 Gyr is about a factor of 3.5 shorter than found from earlier simulations of clusters dissolving under the combined effect of galactic tidal field and stellar evolution. It is somewhat higher than the observationally determined value of 1.3 Gyr. It suggests, however, that the combined effect of tidal field and encounters with GMCs can explain the lack of old open clusters in the solar neighbourhood. GMC encounters can also explain the (very) short disruption time that was observed for star clusters in the central region of M51, since there rho_n is an order of magnitude higher than in the solar neighbourhood.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
PNPLA6-Boucher-Neuhauser syndrom-Case reportee
Creators: name: Zhihong, Liao
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2022
Subjects: Transcriptome or Gene expression
Monoisolate

description: When patients present with night blindness, impaired vision and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, the possibility of Boucher-Neuhauser syndrom should be considered. And gene sequencing is the main diagnostic method at present. Here, novel compound heterozygous variants of PNPLA6 was identified in a BNS patient with functional validation at RNA level. The variant (NM_006702.4:c.2241del) was novel and likely pathogenic, which expanded the mutation spectrum of PNPLA6.
A COMPREHENSIVE THEORETICAL EVALUATION OF THE UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION (UGC) ADMISSION POLICY FOR UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMS IN SRI LANKA
Creators: name: Mohamed, Siraju
name: Mohamed, Marsook
name: Mohamed, Rifky
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Sri Lanka's higher education system is embracing dramatic changes, one important aspect that is influencing the composition of the undergraduate population is the admission policy set by the University Grants Commission (UGC). This theoretical investigation, which is based on important theories of education, examines the details of the UGC admissions policy and provides insights into how it aligns with those theories. This academic work enhances the conversation on sensible admissions practices in higher education.
Increasing the Robustness of Semantic Segmentation Models with Painting-by-Numbers
Creators: name: Kamann, Christoph
name: Güssefeld, Burkhard
name: Hutmacher, Robin
name: Metzen, Jan Hendrik
name: Rother, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving, CNNs have to be robust with respect to unavoidable image corruptions, such as image noise. While previous works addressed the task of robust prediction in the context of full-image classification, we consider it for dense semantic segmentation. We build upon an insight from image classification that output robustness can be improved by increasing the network-bias towards object shapes. We present a new training schema that increases this shape bias. Our basic idea is to alpha-blend a portion of the RGB training images with faked images, where each class-label is given a fixed, randomly chosen color that is not likely to appear in real imagery. This forces the network to rely more strongly on shape cues. We call this data augmentation technique ``Painting-by-Numbers''. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our training schema for DeepLabv3+ with various network backbones, MobileNet-V2, ResNets, and Xception, and evaluate it on the Cityscapes dataset. With respect to our 16 different types of image corruptions and 5 different network backbones, we are in 74% better than training with clean data. For cases where we are worse than a model trained without our training schema, it is mostly only marginally worse. However, for some image corruptions such as images with noise, we see a considerable performance gain of up to 25%.
A popular and wholesome resort : gender, class, and the Young Men’s Christian Association in Porfirian Mexico
Creators: name: Avent, Glenn J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In the period from 1902 to 1910, the Mexican branch of the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) attracted a large Spanish-speaking membership composed primarily of urban white-collar employees or empleados. The Association's Mexican members found the YMCA useful in the pursuit their own social objectives. First, the Association provided Mexican empleados with a means to promote the formation of a new national identity through the transformation of cultural practices. The encouragement of sporting activity became a primary element in this program. Second, the YMCA provided a platform from which the Mexican members proclaimed their collective political power and distinct identity. Public athletic demonstrations provided the most prominent means of making these assertions. In pursuing these two objectives, the Association's empleado members constructed sexual identity alongside nationality and class. As a result, they frequently utilized concepts of gender to produce rhetorical effects in their assertions of national and class identity. The Association's empleado members consequently sought a masculine national identity in the hope of attaining a new and more powerful position within the community of nations. The linkages established between these elements of identity also enabled Mexican Association members to project a "male" class identity. The establishment of this collective "persona" enabled their attainment of visibility within the public sphere and the assertion of their combined political power.
Analog quantum simulation of non-Condon effects in molecular spectroscopy
Creators: name: Jnane, Hamza
name: Sawaya, Nicolas P. D.
name: Peropadre, Borja
name: Aspuru-Guzik, Alan
name: Garcia-Patron, Raul
name: Huh, Joonsuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present a linear optical implementation for analog quantum simulation of molecular vibronic spectra, incorporating the non-Condon scattering operation with a quadratically small truncation error. Thus far, analog and digital quantum algorithms for achieving quantum speedup have been suggested only in the Condon regime, which refers to a transition dipole moment that is independent of nuclear coordinates. For analog quantum optical simulation beyond the Condon regime (i.e., non-Condon transitions) the resulting non-unitary scattering operations must be handled appropriately in a linear optical network. In this paper, we consider the first and second-order Herzberg-Teller expansions of the transition dipole moment operator for the non-Condon effect, for implementation on linear optical quantum hardware. We believe the method opens a new way to approximate arbitrary non-unitary operations in analog and digital quantum simulations. We report in-silico simulations of the vibronic spectra for naphthalene, phenanthrene, and benzene to support our findings.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Scaling of the Maximum-Entropy Turbulence Energy Spectra
Creators: name: Lee, T. -W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The log-normal type of turbulence energy spectral function, derived from the maximum entropy principle, is shown to be parameterizable in terms of root turbulence variables including the Reynolds number. The spectral function is first compared with a number of experimental data sets, showing a very close agreement across the entire energy and length (wavenumber) scales. The peak wavenumber (m) and the width parameter (C2) prescribe the spectral location and broadening, respectively, when the Reynolds number increases, where C2 has ~ 1/Rem dependence. The energy scale is adjusted with a multiplicative factor. In this perspective, the inertial scaling from k-3 to k-5/3 when the flow transitions from two- to three-dimensions is explained as the increase in spectral width since the range of scales increases as Re1/6 and Re3/4 for two and three-dimensional turbulence, respectively. Energy spectra at various locations in channel flows are also reproduced using the same function, indicating applicability wherever local equilibrium is achieved. Therefore, based on a small number of scaling parameters the full energy spectra can be prescribed using the maximum-entropy formalism.
Diophantine approximation on planar curves: the convergence theory
Creators: name: Vaughan, R. C.
name: Velani, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The convergence theory for the set of simultaneously $ψ$-approximable points lying on a planar curve is established. Our results complement the divergence theory developed in `Diophantine approximation on planar curves and the distribution of rational points' (by V. Beresnevich, H. Dickinson, and S. Velani, with an Appendix: `Sums of two squares near perfect squares' by R.C. Vaughan, To appear: Annals of Math., Pre-print: arkiv:math.NT/0401148, (2004), 1-52.) and thereby completes the general metric theory for planar curves.
description: 18 pages. To appear in Invent. Math
Potential insolation and plant communities through treeline in the Lower Anderson River valley, N.W.T., Canada
Creators: name: Kesting, Stephan Fritz
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Lower Anderson River Valley was chosen as a study area to investigate the effects of slope, aspect, and insolation on plant community composition and distribution through the treeline ecotone. Seventy-one plant communities were surveyed; abiotic measurements included soil temperature and depth to frozen soil. Soil samples were taken and later analyzed for pH, conductivity, and particle size distribution. TWINSPAN, a divisive clustering algorithm, defined 4 basic community-types for study area: Tundra, Forest, Steppe, and Sparse. Except for Sparse these community-types have quite discrete distributions along a potential insolation gradient. Sparse communitytypes are associated with acidic, high conductivity soils near smoking bituminous shale deposits. Equivalent latitude, a variable expressing potential insolation relative to flat surfaces at given latitudes, explained about 7 times more of the variance in Detrended Correspondence Analysis axis 1 scores than latitude alone. N Canonical Correlation Analysis was employed to further investigate the relationship of plant community composition to the measured environmental variables. The most important trend underlying plant community composition was found to be a potential insolation-soil temperature gradient. Anderson River Steppe is the eastern-most example described to date of so-called 'arctic steppe', which is thought to have been much more extensive in Beringia during the Wisconsin glacial maximum. Steppe communities occurred primarily on southfacing slopes and occupied at least 560 hectares/kilometer along the Lower Anderson River. Three major northward range extensions were associated with species found in south-facing Steppe.
Planet cartography with neural learned regularization
Creators: name: Ramos, A. Asensio
name: Pallé, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Finding potential life harboring exo-Earths is one of the aims of exoplanetary science. Detecting signatures of life in exoplanets will likely first be accomplished by determining the bulk composition of the planetary atmosphere via reflected/transmitted spectroscopy. However, a complete understanding of the habitability conditions will surely require mapping the presence of liquid water, continents and/or clouds. Spin-orbit tomography is a technique that allows us to obtain maps of the surface of exoplanets around other stars using the light scattered by the planetary surface. We leverage the potential of deep learning and propose a mapping technique for exo-Earths in which the regularization is learned from mock surfaces. The solution of the inverse mapping problem is posed as a deep neural network that can be trained end-to-end with suitable training data. We propose in this work to use methods based on the procedural generation of planets, inspired by what we found on Earth. We also consider mapping the recovery of surfaces and the presence of persistent cloud in cloudy planets. We show that the a reliable mapping can be carried out with our approach, producing very compact continents, even when using single passband observations. More importantly, if exoplanets are partially cloudy like the Earth is, we show that one can potentially map the distribution of persistent clouds that always occur on the same position on the surface (associated to orography and sea surface temperatures) together with non-persistent clouds that move across the surface. This will become the first test one can perform on an exoplanet for the detection of an active climate system. For small rocky planets in the habitable zone of their stars, this weather system will be driven by water, and the detection can be considered as a strong proxy for truly habitable conditions.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A, code on https://github.com/aasensio/neural_exocartography
MOF-Based Polymeric Nanocomposite Films as Potential Materials for Drug Delivery Devices in Ocular Therapeutics
Creators: name: Gandara-Loe, Jesus
name: Souza, Barbara E.
name: Missyul, Alexander
name: Giraldo, G.
name: Tan, Jin-Chong
name: Silvestre-Albero, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Novel MOF-based polymer nanocomposite films were successfully prepared using Zr-based UiO-67 as a metal-organic framework (MOF) and polyurethane (PU) as a polymeric matrix. Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction (SXRPD) analysis confirms the improved stability of the UiO-67 embedded nanocrystals and scanning electron microscopy images confirm their homogeneous distribution (average crystal size ~100-200 nm) within the 50-um thick film. Accessibility to the inner porous structure of the embedded MOFs was completely suppressed for N2 at cryogenic temperatures. However, ethylene adsorption measurements at 25°C confirm that at least 45% of the MOF crystals are fully accessible for gas phase adsorption of non-polar molecules. Although this partial blockage limits the adsorption performance of the embedded MOFs for ocular drugs (e.g., brimonidine tartrate) compared to the pure MOF, an almost 60-fold improvement in the adsorption capacity was observed for PU matrix after incorporation of the UiO-67 nanocrystals. UiO-67@PU nanocomposite exhibits a prolonged release of brimonidine (up to 14 days were quantified). Finally, the combined use of SXRPD, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of the drug in the nanocomposite film, the stability of the MOF framework and the drug upon loading, and the presence of brimonidine in an amorphous phase once adsorbed. These results open the gate towards the application of these polymeric nanocomposite films for drug delivery in optical therapeutics, either as a component of contact lens, in the composition of lacrimal stoppers (e.g., punctal plugs) or in sub-tenon inserts.
The Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect from Quasar Feedback
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Suchetana
name: Kosowsky, Arthur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed relationship between X-ray luminosity and temperature of the diffuse intercluster medium clearly shows the effect of nongravitational heating on the formation of galaxy clusters. Quasar feedback into the intergalactic medium can potentially be an important source of heating, and can have significant impact on structure formation. This feedback process is a source of thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich distortions of the cosmic microwave background. Using a simple one-dimensional Sedov-Taylor model of energy outflow, we calculate the angular power spectrum of the temperature distortion, which has an amplitude on the order of one micro-Kelvin. This signal will be at the noise limit of upcoming arcminute-scale microwave background experiments, including the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and the South Pole Telescope, but will be directly detectable with deep exposures by the Atacama Large Millimeter Array or by stacking many microwave images.
description: The discussion of detectability is expanded. Matches the ApJ Letters accepted version
Providing physics guides in Bayesian neural networks from input layer: case of giant dipole resonance predictions
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaohang
name: Su, Jun
name: Zhu, Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bayesian neural network (BNN) has been applied to evaluate and predict the nuclear data. However, how to provide physics guides in BNN is a key but an open question. In this work, the case study on giant dipole resonance (GDR) energy is presented to illustrate the effectiveness and maneuverability of the method to provide physics guides in BNN from input layer. The Spearman's correlation coefficients are applied to assess the statistical dependence between nuclear properties in the ground state and the GDR energies. Then the optimal ground-state properties are employed as the input layer in the BNN for evaluating and predicting the GDR energies. Those selected ground-state properties actively contributes to reduce the predicted errors and avoid the risk of the non-physics divergence. This work gives a demonstration to find effects of the GDR energy by using the BNN without the physics motivated model, which may be helpful for discovering physics effects from the complex nuclear data.
Growth and organization of (3-Trimethoxysilylpropyl) diethylenetriamine within reactive amino-terminated self-assembled monolayer on silica
Creators: name: Dufil, Yannick
name: Gadenne, Virginie
name: Carrière, Pascal
name: Nunzi, Jean-Michel
name: Patrone, Lionel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alkane chains are the most commonly used molecules for monolayer fabrication. Long chains are used for their strong van der Waals interactions inducing good layer organization. Amine function-terminated alkyl chains are of great interest and are widely used for further surface functionalization. Since it is mandatory that such layers be organized to provide amine moieties at the surface, the present study deals with exploring amine-terminated SAM formation as an alternative to the usual aminopropylalkylsilane SAM. Additionally, using a long NH2terminated alkyl chain allows the formation of hydrogen bonding thanks to the two NH moieties born along the chain. Furthermore, such hydrogen bonding makes possible to shorten the molecule length while preserving a well-organized monolayer. For this purpose we performed a complete study of the grafting of (3-Trimethoxysilylpropyl) diethylenetriamine (DETAS) on native silicon oxide using various solvents, relative humidity and temperature values. Grafting kinetics was monitored by ellipsometry and goniometry, and SAM structure and organization using AFM and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Hydrogen bonding was evidenced within the SAM growth process and in the final complete SAM. We believe such study enables a better control of good quality DETAS SAM in order to improve their efficiency in further surface functionalization applications.
The Topological Directional Entropy of Z^2-actions Generated by Linear Cellular Automata
Creators: name: Akin, Hasan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28D20, 37A35, 37B40

description: In this paper we study the topological and metric directional entropy of $\mathbb{Z}^2$-actions by generated additive cellular automata (CA hereafter), defined by a local rule $f[l, r]$, $l, r\in \mathbb{Z}$, $l\leq r$, i.e. the maps $T_{f[l, r]}: \mathbb{Z}^\mathbb{Z}_{m} \to \mathbb{Z}^\mathbb{Z}_{m}$ which are given by $T_{f[l, r]}(x) =(y_n)_ {-\infty}^{\infty}$, $y_{n} = f(x_{n+l}, ..., x_{n+r}) = \sum_{i=l}^rλ_{i}x_{i+n}(mod m)$, $x=(x_n)_ {n=-\infty}^{\infty}\in \mathbb{Z}^\mathbb{Z}_{m}$, and $f: \mathbb{Z}_{m}^{r-l+1}\to \mathbb{Z}_{m}$, over the ring $\mathbb{Z}_m (m \geq 2)$, and the shift map acting on compact metric space $\mathbb{Z}^\mathbb{Z}_{m}$, where $m$ $(m \geq2)$ is a positive integer. Our main aim is to give an algorithm for computing the topological directional entropy of the $\mathbb{Z}^2$-actions generated by the additive CA and the shift map. Thus, we ask to give a closed formula for the topological directional entropy of $\mathbb{Z}^2$-action generated by the pair $(T_{f[l, r]}, σ)$ in the direction $θ$ that can be efficiently and rightly computed by means of the coefficients of the local rule f as similar to [Theor. Comput. Sci. 290 (2003) 1629-1646]. We generalize the results obtained by Akın [The topological entropy of invertible cellular automata, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 213 (2) (2008) 501-508] to the topological entropy of any invertible linear CA.
description: 9 pages. submitted
Development of a surrogate machine learning model for the acceleration of density functional calculations with the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method
Creators: name: Wasmer, Johannes
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2021

description: Masterarbeit, RWTH Aachen University, 2022; 113 pp. (2021). = Masterarbeit, RWTH Aachen University, 2022
description: Density functional theory (DFT) has become an indispensable tool in materials science. Specialized DFT methods like the Korringa-Kohan Rostoker Green Function (KKR) method are predestined to investigate the technologically relevant effects of crystallographic defects on the electronic and magnetic structure of host materials. This thesis lays the groundwork for answering the question of whether surrogate machine learning (ML) models have the potential to accelerate such DFT calculations since their computational complexity severely limits them to systems sizes of about a thousand atoms in practice. To that end, a versatile suite of software tools that facilitates the generation and analysis of high-throughput computing DFT datasets with the JuKKR DFT codes and the AiiDA workflow engine is presented. We demonstrate its use by generating a database of 8,760 converged KKR DFT calculations of single impurity embeddings into elemental crystals with 60 different chemical elements and varying lattice constants and that preserves the full data provenance of each calculation. Finally, we use the single-impurity database to compare the Coulomb Matrix and the Smooth Overlap of Atomic Positions (SOAP) as structural descriptors of the local atomic environment for materials defects. Their potential use in surrogate ML models is showcased in a simple example of host crystal structure prediction that achieves 93 percent accuracy.
Generalization of the Maier-Saupe theory to the ferroelectric nematic phase
Creators: name: Etxebarria, J.
name: Folcia, C. L.
name: Ortega, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generalization of the Maier-Saupe (MS) theory that incorporates the description of the ferroelectric nematic phase (NF) within its scope of application. The extension of the theory is carried out in a natural way, by adding to the nematic potential of MS a term proportional to cosθ and to the polar order parameter , where θ is the angle between the long molecular axis and the spontaneous polarization. The NF phase can be reached by cooling from the isotropic phase with or without the formation of an intermediate normal nematic phase, depending on the relative intensity of the polar and nonpolar terms of the nematic potential. For both phase sequences all the transitions are first order. The temperature dependence of the polar and nonpolar order parameters is calculated, and some results derived from the theory are compared with the experimental observations. It is argued that the theory is a valuable first approximation to describe some of the properties of ferroelectric nematics.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
The DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey: Mean Ages and Metallicities of Red Field Galaxies at z ~ 0.9 from Stacked Keck/DEIMOS Spectra
Creators: name: Schiavon, Ricardo P.
name: Faber, S. M.
name: Konidaris, Nicholas
name: Graves, Genevieve
name: Willmer, Christopher N. A.
name: Weiner, Benjamin J.
name: Coil, Alison L.
name: Cooper, Michael C.
name: Davis, Marc
name: Harker, Justin
name: Koo, David C.
name: Newman, Jeffrey A.
name: Yan, Renbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As part of the DEEP2 galaxy redshift survey, we analyze absorption line strengths in stacked Keck/DEIMOS spectra of red field galaxies with weak to no emission lines, at redshifts 0.7 <= z <= 1. Comparison with models of stellar population synthesis shows that red galaxies at z ~ 0.9 have mean luminosity-weighted ages of the order of only 1 Gyr and at least solar metallicities. This result cannot be reconciled with a scenario where all stars evolved passively after forming at very high z. Rather, a significant fraction of stars can be no more than 1 Gyr old, which means that star formation continued to at least z ~ 1.2. Furthermore, a comparison of these distant galaxies with a local SDSS sample, using stellar populations synthesis models, shows that the drop in the equivalent width of Hdelta from z ~ 0.9 to 0.1 is less than predicted by passively evolving models. This admits of two interpretations: either each individual galaxy experiences continuing low-level star formation, or the red-sequence galaxy population from z ~ 0.9 to 0.1 is continually being added to by new galaxies with younger stars.
description: A few typos were corrected and numbers in Table 1 were revised
Dissecting the Cygnus Region with TeV Gamma Rays and Neutrinos
Creators: name: Beacom, John F.
name: Kistler, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent Milagro observations of the Cygnus region have revealed both diffuse TeV gamma-ray emission and a bright and extended TeV source, MGRO J2019+37, which seems to lack an obvious counterpart at other wavelengths. Additional study of this curious object also promises to provide important clues concerning one of the Milky Way's most active environments. We point out some of the principal facts involved by following three modes of attack. First, to gain insight into this mysterious source, we consider its relation to known objects in both the Cygnus region and the rest of the Galaxy. Second, we find that a simple hadronic model can easily accommodate Milagro's flux measurement (which is at a single energy), as well as other existing observations spanning nearly seven orders of magnitude in gamma-ray energy. Third, since a hadronic gamma-ray spectrum necessitates an accompanying TeV neutrino flux, we show that IceCube observations may provide the first direct evidence of a Galactic cosmic-ray accelerator.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, references updated to match published version
A theory of Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Dar, Arnon
name: De Rujula, Alvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory of non-solar cosmic rays (CRs) in which the bulk of their observed flux is due to a single type of CR source at all energies. The total luminosity of the Galaxy, the broken power-law spectra with their observed slopes, the position of the `knee(s)' and `ankle', and the CR composition and its variation with energy are all predicted in terms of very simple and completely `standard' physics. The source of CRs is extremely `economical': it has only one parameter to be fitted to the ensemble of all of the mentioned data. All other inputs are `priors', that is, theoretical or observational items of information independent of the properties of the source of CRs, and chosen to lie in their pre-established ranges. The theory is part of a `unified view of high-energy astrophysics' --based on the `Cannonball' model of the relativistic ejecta of accreting black holes and neutron stars. The model has been extremely successful in predicting all the novel properties of Gamma Ray Bursts recently observed with help of the Swift satellite. If correct, this model is only lacking a satisfactory theoretical understanding of the `cannon' that emits the cannonballs in catastrophic processes of accretion.
description: Updated to discuss recent data, mainly from Auger
Hydration, Ion Distribution, and Ionic Network Formation in Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether sulfones)
Creators: name: Vondrasek, Britannia
name: Wen, Chengyuan
name: Cheng, Shengfeng
name: Riffle, Judy S.
name: Lesko, John J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use molecular dynamics simulations to probe hydration, ion spacing, and cation-anion interaction in two sulfonated polysulfones with different ion distributions along the polymer backbone. At room temperature, these polymers remain in a glassy state even with water contents more than 10%. At the equilibrium water uptake, the ions exhibit a similar level of hydration as they would in their saturated aqueous solution. The framework of Manning's limiting law for counterion condensation is used to examine ionic interactions in the simulated polysulfones. The dielectric constant that the ions experience can be well approximated by a volume-weighted average of the dielectric constants of the polymer backbone and water. Our results show that a reasonable estimate of the average inter-ion distance, b, is obtained by using the distance where the sulfonate-sulfonate coordination number reaches 1. The spacing of the sulfonate ions along the polysulfone backbone plays a role in determining their spatial distribution inside the hydrated polymer. As a result, the value of b is slightly larger for polymers where the sulfonate ions are more evenly spaced along the backbone, which is consistent with experimental evidence. The simulations reveal that the sulfonate ions and sodium counterions form fibrillar aggregates at water contents below the equilibrium water uptake. Such extensive ionic aggregates are expected to facilitate ion transport in sulfonated polysulfone membranes, without the need for long-range chain motion as in the case of traditional rubbery ionic polymers. Our estimates for the dielectric constant and b are used in conjunction with Manning's theory to estimate the fraction of counterions condensed to the fixed ions. The prediction of Manning's theory agrees well with the simulation result.
description: 15 pages, 18 figures, 1-page Supporting Information
21 cm radiation - a new probe of variation in the fine structure constant
Creators: name: Khatri, Rishi
name: Wandelt, Benjamin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of variation in the value of the fine structure constant at high redshifts (recombination > z > 30) on the absorption of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at 21 cm hyperfine transition of the neutral atomic hydrogen. We find that the 21 cm signal is very sensitive to the variations in the fine structure constant and it is so far the only probe of the fine structure constant in this redshift range. A change in the value of the fine structure constant by 1% changes the mean brightness temperature decrement of the CMB due to 21 cm absorption by > 5% over the redshift range z < 50. There is an effect of similar magnitude on the amplitude of the fluctuations in the brightness temperature. The redshift of maximum absorption also changes by ~ 5%.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, published version + extra figures
Executive summary of CONSIGN interim deliverables
Creators: name: Sturkenboom, Miriam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19, medicines, pregnancy

description: To generate knowledge about the use and effects of medicines use in COVID-19 affected pregnancies a collaboration was established across many countries and several ongoing pregnancy networks: IMI-ConcePTION, EU PE & PV, COVI-PREG and INOSS. This deliverable is an executive summary about progress of the CONISGn project that is funded by EMA to monitor medicines use and effects during COVID-19 exposed pregnancies, until July 2021 and comprises: Data on medication utilization in COVID-19 affected pregnancies from COVI-PREG (n=1,946), INOSS (n=927) and 5 electronic health care data sources in four European countries (capturing 2,022 COVID-19 pregnancies). Data from COVI-PREG and INOSS capture in hospital/clinic prescribing. Data from electronic health care data capture outpatient dispensings of prescriptions in primary and secondary (outpatient) care. Interim analysis of INOSS data on maternal, obstetric and neonatal outcome in COVID-19 diagnosed pregnant women.This analysis is prepared for publication Final analysis of COVI-PREG data on maternal, obstetric and neonatal outcomes in COVID-19 diagnosed pregnant women and the association with medicines use. This analysis is prepared for publication
description: The research leading to these results was conducted as part of the activities of the EU PE&PV (Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance) Research Network (led by the University Utrecht). Scientific work for this project was coordinated by the University Medical Center Utrecht. The project has received support from the European Medicines Agency under the Framework service contract nr EMA/2018/23/PE. This document expresses the opinion of the authors of the paper, and may not be understood or quoted as being made on behalf of or reflecting the position of the European Medicines Agency or one of its committees or working parties.
title: III Congresso Europeu sobre uma Justiça Amiga das Crianças
title: Os direitos humanos da criança
titleType: Subtitle
title: conclusões
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Guerra, Paulo
name: Carvalho, Maria João Leote de
name: Ribeiro, Alcina da Costa
name: Salgado, Célia
name: Jorge, Rita
name: Gracias, Chandra
name: Mendes, Maria de Oliveira
name: Figueiredo, Pedro Raposo
Publisher: name: CICS.NOVA - Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa / ComDignitatis - Associação Portuguesa para a Promoção da Dignidade Humana
Year: 2023

description: "O III Congresso Europeu Sobre Uma Justiça Amiga da Criança teve como tema central os “Direitos Humanos e a Criança”, com um foco especial nas questões relativas às crianças migrantes, refugiadas, não acompanhadas ou afastadas da família. O objetivo foi o de contribuir para promover um amplo debate sobre as questões que se identificam como violadoras dos direitos humanos da criança, dando especial relevância e visibilidade aos problemas da criança migrante, tendente a contribuir para a definição das melhores políticas de acolhimento, integração e proteção da criança nestas circunstâncias, tendo como suporte e referência a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos, a Convenção dos Direitos da Criança e as Diretrizes da Justiça Amiga da Criança." Célia Salgado
description: Guerra, P. (Ed.), Carvalho, M. J. L. de (Ed.), Ribeiro, A. da C. (Ed.), Salgado, C. (Ed.), Jorge, R. (Ed.), Gracias, C., Mendes, M. de O., Figueiredo, P. R. (2023). III Congresso Europeu sobre uma Justiça Amiga das Crianças: Os direitos humanos da criança: conclusões [Policy brief]. CICS.NOVA - Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa / ComDignitatis - Associação Portuguesa para a Promoção da Dignidade Humana. ISBN: 978-989-35183-0-4