cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Critical behavior of charmonia across the phase transition: A QCD sum rule approach
Creators: name: Morita, Kenji
name: Lee, Su Houng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate medium-induced change of mass and width of J/psi and eta_c across the phase transition in hot gluonic matter using QCD sum rules. In the QCD sum rule approach, the medium effect on heavy quarkonia is induced by the change of both scalar and twist-2 gluon condensates, whose temperature dependences are extracted from the lattice calculations of energy density and pressure. Although the stability of the operator product expansion side seems to break down at T > 1.06Tc for the vector channel and T>1.04Tc for the pseudoscalar channel, we find a sudden change of the spectral property across the critical temperature Tc, which originates from an equally rapid change of the scalar gluon condensate characterized by e-3p. By parameterizing the ground state of the spectral density by the Breit-Wigner form, we find that for both J/psi and eta_c, the masses suddenly decrease maximally by a few hundreds of MeV and the widths broaden to ~100 MeV slightly above Tc. Implications for recent and future heavy ion experiments are discussed. We also carry out a similar analysis for charmonia in nuclear matter, which could serve as a testing ground for observing the precursor phenomena of the QCD phase transition. We finally discuss the possibility of observing the mass shift at nuclear matter at the FAIR project at GSI.
description: 18 pages, 21 figures, 2 figures are added and discussion on effect of dynamical quarks is extended. version to appear in Phys.Rev.C
MOESM6 of Modified regional citrate anticoagulation is optimal for hemodialysis in patients at high risk of bleeding: a prospective randomized study of three anticoagulation strategies
Creators: name: Lin, Ting
name: Song, Li
name: Huang, Renwei
name: Huang, Ying
name: Tang, Shuifu
name: Lin, Qizhan
name: Zhang, Ying
name: Wu, Xingbo
name: Liang, Hui
name: Wu, Yuchi
name: Chen, Yuanhan
name: Liang, Huaban
name: Ma, Jianchao
name: Feng, Zhonglin
name: Li, Zhuo
name: Xu, Lixia
name: Fu, Xia
name: Ye, Zhiming
name: Liu, Shuangxin
name: Liang, Xinling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6: Table S1. Criteria of clotting scores of extra corporeal circuit at the end of dialysis.
SCET sum rules for B->P and B->V transition form factors
Creators: name: De Fazio, F.
name: Feldmann, Th.
name: Hurth, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate sum rules for heavy-to-light transition form factors at large recoil derived from correlation functions with interpolating currents for light pseudoscalar or vector fields in soft-collinear effective theory (SCET). We consider both, factorizable and non-factorizable contributions at leading power in the Lambda/m_b expansion and to first order in the strong coupling constant alpha_s, neglecting contributions from 3-particle distribution amplitudes in the B-meson. We pay particular attention to various sources of parametric and systematic uncertainties. We also discuss certain form factor ratios where part of the hadronic uncertainties related to the B-meson distribution amplitude and to logarithmically enhanced alpha_s corrections cancel.
description: 27 pages, 19 figures, minor corrections, matches journal version
APROXIMACION A LA ESTRATEGIA DIDÁCTICA DE AULA INVERTIDA EN ENFERMERÍA
Creators: name: HERNANDEZ, ADRIANA
name: CARDOZO, PAOLA
name: CAMARGO, LAURA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 80702 Health Informatics
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: En la educación superior, la enseñanza apoyada en Moodle es una tendencia para el aprendizaje y la construcción del conocimiento en el nativo digital para un proceso social más colaborativo. Este estudio evaluó el efecto de estrategia didáctica aula invertida en Moodle sobre el nivel de conocimientos de los estudiantes en el proceso de atención de enfermería de la persona diabética con enfoque hacia el tratamiento farmacológico. Estudio cuantitativo con 28 estudiantes de enfermería de la universidad pública de Colombia, los resultados permitieron diseñar la estrategia didáctica apoyada con actividades en Moodle y materiales elaborados con aplicaciones de uso gratuito para luego realizar una nueva evaluación de los conocimientos y la percepción de los estudiantes sobre la estrategia Al evaluar el nivel de conocimientos previos se encontraron criterios de inexistente e insuficiente; también se evidencia que los estilos de aprendizaje identificados en los estudiantes de enfermería son reflexivo y teórico y el nivel de conocimientos adquiridos después de la interacción con la estrategia didáctica apoyada en Moodle incrementados en muestra analizada (P <0.05). La estrategia didáctica con apoyo de la plataforma Moodle tiene un componente innovador y motivacional que contribuye a mejorar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes.
National Survey of Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW): A Comparison of Model and Design Based Analyses of Cognitive Stimulation Scores
Creators: name: Bertolet, Marianne
name: Seltman, Howard
name: Greenhouse, Joel B.
name: Kelleher, Kelly
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Probability
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Understanding and protecting vulnerable children is key to helping them become productive members of society. The Department of Health and Human Services sponsored the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW) to better understand the lives of children who come into contact with the child welfare system. This paper uses the NSCAW data to investigate the role of maternal depression and maternal substance abuse on a child's cognitive stimulation scores for a subset of the children. An investigation of the survey methodology and the actual data led to some manipulation of the data and assumptions for the analysis. The differences between design and model based analyses of survey data were explored. The two analyses were applied to the cognitive stimulation scores. For the model based analysis, two models were developed, one which used the weights at each stage of model building and one which did not use the weights at each stage. The models had conflicting results. Two recommendations were made to improve upon the model based analysis. First was to obtain information about the weights after each stage of adjustment. The second was to model the different strata separately. The design based analysis (design based-model assisted) used the two models created in the model based analysis and re-examined them using design based techniques. The design based analysis had similar results to the model based analysis. The two models in the design based setting also provided conflicting results regarding the question of interest. To determine which is better, the question of which ``regression line'' provides better data reductive properties needs to be addressed.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0122v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0122v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0122v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Force-induced desorption of $3$-star polymers: a self-avoiding walk model
Creators: name: van Rensburg, EJ Janse
name: Whittington, S G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B41, 82B80, 65C05

description: We consider a simple cubic lattice self-avoiding walk model of 3-star polymers adsorbed at a surface and then desorbed by pulling with an externally applied force. We determine rigorously the free energy of the model in terms of properties of a self-avoiding walk, and show that the phase diagram includes 4 phases, namely a ballistic phase where the extension normal to the surface is linear in the length, an adsorbed phase and a mixed phase, in addition to the free phase where the model is neither adsorbed nor ballistic. In the adsorbed phase all three branches or arms of the star are adsorbed at the surface. In the ballistic phase two arms of the star are pulled into a ballistic phase, while the remaining arm is in a free phase. In the mixed phase two arms in the star are adsorbed while the third arm is ballistic. The phase boundaries separating the ballistic and mixed phases, and the adsorbed and mixed phases, are both first order phase transitions. The presence of the mixed phase is interesting because it doesn't occur for pulled, adsorbed self-avoiding walks. In an atomic force microscopy experiment it would appear as an additional phase transition as a function of force.
ХАLQАRО INTELLEKTUАL VА MEHNАT MIGRАTSIУАSIDА О'ZАRО АLОQАDОRLIK TENDENSIYАLАRI
Creators: name: Оdiljоnоvа, А.А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Mаzkur mаqоlаdа Хаlqаrо intellektuаl vа mehnаt migrаtsiуаsidа о‘zаrо аlоqаdоrlik tendensiуаlаri bоrаsidа muhоkаmа уuritilаdi. Bugungi kundа intellektuаl migrаtsiуа ichki migrаtsiуаdаn kuchli оqimlаrni hоsil qilib, bir tоmоndаn intelektuаl migrаtsiуаsi ulushi оshib bоrsа, ikkinchi tоmоndаn, mаjburiу tаshqi migrаtsiуа sаldоsi о‘smоqdа. Nаtijаdа, qаbul qiluvchi mаmlаkаtlаr, migrаntlаrning nisbаtаn оjiz qаtlаmlаri sаnаlgаn ауоllаr vа bоlаlаrni jоуlаshtirish vа ulаr uchun zаruriу ijtimоiу shаrt-shаrоitlаrni уаrаtib berishdа mоliуаviу muаmmоlаrgа duch kelmоqdа.
Accelerating $N$-body simulation of self-gravitating systems with limited first-order post-Newtonian approximation
Creators: name: Tatekawa, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, an $N$-body simulation code was developed for self-gravitating systems with a limited first-order post-Newtonian approximation. The code was applied to a special case in which the system consists of one massive object and many low-mass objects. Therefore, the behavior of stars around the massive black hole could be analyzed. A graphics processing unit (GPU) was used to accelerate the code execution, and it could be accelerated by several tens of times compared to a single-core CPU for $N \simeq 10^4$ objects.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Commun. Comput. Phys; v2: eq.(A.4) has been corrected
Collision model approach to steering of an open driven qubit
Creators: name: Beyer, Konstantin
name: Luoma, Kimmo
name: Strunz, Walter T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate quantum steering of an open quantum system by measurements on its environment in the framework of collision models. As an example we consider a coherently driven qubit dissipatively coupled to a bath. We construct local non-adaptive and adaptive as well as nonlocal measurement scenarios specifying explicitly the measured observable on the environment. Our approach shows transparently how the conditional evolution of the open system depends on the type of the measurement scenario and the measured observables. These can then be optimized for steering. The nonlocal measurement scenario leads to maximal violation of the used steering inequality at zero temperature. Further, we investigate the robustness of the constructed scenarios against thermal noise. We find generally that steering becomes harder at higher temperatures. Surprisingly, the system can be steered even when bipartite entanglement between the system and individual subenvironments vanishes.
Therapeutic heat and cold in cardiac rehabilitation
Creators: name: Habash, Riadh
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thermotherapy
epidemiology
risk profile
rehabilitation
heart failure management
heat transfer
thermoregulatory modeling

description: Heart failure (HF) is an emerging epidemic that affects both sexes and all races. It is a complex clinical disease with symptoms caused from any structural or functional cardiac disorder, resulting in reduced longevity. HF is a weakening process that is difficult to treat and it exists in various conditions in which therapy needs to be customized. HF has reached epidemic scopes, mainly among the elderly, in whom it might be a reason for hospitalization. Common types of therapy for HF cases focus on pharmaceuticals and medical instrumentation. However, new approaches of patient-centered care that are based on complementary management strategies, improving quality of life without causing an economic worry or health side effects, are needed to decrease hospitalizations.
Multiple Indices of Northern Hemisphere Cyclone Activity, Winters 1949–99
Creators: name: Paciorek, Chris
name: Risbey, James S.
name: Ventura, Valerie
name: Rosen, Richard D.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The National Centers for Environmental Prediction–National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP–NCAR) reanalysis is used to estimate time trends of, and analyze the relationships among, six indices of cyclone activity or forcing for the winters of 1949–99, over the region 20°–70°N. The indices are Eady growth rate and temperature variance, both at 500 hPa; surface meridional temperature gradient; the 95th percentile of near-surface wind speed; and counts of cyclones and intense cyclones. With multiple indices, one can examine different aspects of storm activity and forcing and assess the robustness of the results to various definitions of a cyclone index. Results are reported both as averages over broad spatial regions and at the resolution of the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis grid, for which the false discovery rate methodology is used to assess statistical significance. The Eady growth rate, temperature variance, and extreme wind indices are reasonably well correlated over the two major storm track regions of the Northern Hemisphere as well as over northern North America and Eurasia, but weakly correlated elsewhere. These indices show moderately strong correlations with each of the two cyclone count indices over much of the storm tracks when the count indices are offset 7.5° to the north. Regional averages over the Atlantic, the Pacific, and Eurasia show either no long-term change or a decrease in the total number of cyclones; however, all regions show an increase in intense cyclones. The Eady growth rate, temperature variance, and wind indices generally increase in these regions. On a finer spatial scale, these three indices increase significantly over the storm tracks and parts of Eurasia. The intense cyclone count index also increases locally, but insignificantly, over the storm tracks. The wind and intense cyclone indices suggest an increase in impacts from cyclones, primarily over the oceans.
Online, 10-minute adaptation of Biobyte 1 – Where are we in the data science landscape?
Creators: name: Jones, Megan
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2019

description: Adaptation for 10 minute activity in an online meeting to introduce the NAS Data Science For Undergraduates report's definition of data acumen and engage participants in a self assessment of how they connect with those 10 data science concepts.
Potential of radio telescopes as high-frequency gravitational wave detectors
Creators: name: Domcke, Valerie
name: Garcia-Cely, Camilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the presence of magnetic fields, gravitational waves are converted into photons and vice versa. We demonstrate that this conversion leads to a distortion of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), which can serve as a detector for MHz to GHz gravitational wave sources active before reionization. The measurements of the radio telescope EDGES can be cast as a bound on the gravitational wave amplitude, $h_c < 10^{-21} (10^{-12})$ at 78 MHz, for the strongest (weakest) cosmic magnetic fields allowed by current astrophysical and cosmological constraints. Similarly, the results of ARCADE 2 imply $h_c < 10^{-24} (10^{-14})$ at $3 - 30$ GHz. For the strongest magnetic fields, these constraints exceed current laboratory constraints by about seven orders of magnitude. Future advances in 21cm astronomy may conceivably push these bounds below the sensitivity of cosmological constraints on the total energy density of gravitational waves.
description: Version accepted for publication in PRL
Model Specification for Cognitive Assessment of Proportional Reasoning
Creators: name: Weaver, Rhiannon
name: Junker, Brian W.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In modern psychometric analysis of cognitive assessment, there is a choice between psychometric vs. cognitive science paradigms for modeling the latent scale. The first involves as few as one continuous latent ability parameter, while the second focuses on a set of binary latent skills. When the expert cognitive model is qualitatively specified (eg. paragraphs describing general trends in observable behavior for a set of developmental stages), interpretation of responses and latent variables is flexible, and may even be ambiguous. Models incorporating aspects from both psychometric and cognitive science paradigms can help in exploring response patterns, and refining both the exam design and the cognitive model. Here we present two such analyses of a pilot study of proportional reasoning. The first is a Rasch model using binary response coding with a continuous latent trait, which can approximate a set of developmental stages through careful item design and milestones. The second is a Bayes net model using polytomous response coding linked compensatorily to a set of latent skills, which allows for a factor-analytic approach to skill interpretation. We explore each scheme’s usefulness in inferring a student’s current state of knowledge, directing program planners, and directing assessment developers toward refining either the qualitative cognitive model or exam items.
Massive optimal data compression and density estimation for scalable, likelihood-free inference in cosmology
Creators: name: Alsing, Justin
name: Wandelt, Benjamin
name: Feeney, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many statistical models in cosmology can be simulated forwards but have intractable likelihood functions. Likelihood-free inference methods allow us to perform Bayesian inference from these models using only forward simulations, free from any likelihood assumptions or approximations. Likelihood-free inference generically involves simulating mock data and comparing to the observed data; this comparison in data-space suffers from the curse of dimensionality and requires compression of the data to a small number of summary statistics to be tractable. In this paper we use massive asymptotically-optimal data compression to reduce the dimensionality of the data-space to just one number per parameter, providing a natural and optimal framework for summary statistic choice for likelihood-free inference. Secondly, we present the first cosmological application of Density Estimation Likelihood-Free Inference (\textsc{delfi}), which learns a parameterized model for joint distribution of data and parameters, yielding both the parameter posterior and the model evidence. This approach is conceptually simple, requires less tuning than traditional Approximate Bayesian Computation approaches to likelihood-free inference and can give high-fidelity posteriors from orders of magnitude fewer forward simulations. As an additional bonus, it enables parameter inference and Bayesian model comparison simultaneously. We demonstrate Density Estimation Likelihood-Free Inference with massive data compression on an analysis of the joint light-curve analysis supernova data, as a simple validation case study. We show that high-fidelity posterior inference is possible for full-scale cosmological data analyses with as few as $\sim 10^4$ simulations, with substantial scope for further improvement, demonstrating the scalability of likelihood-free inference to large and complex cosmological datasets.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, updated to MNRAS accepted version (26 Mar 2018)
Decision Trees: Modeling with fast intuition and slow, deliberate analysis
Creators: name: Darveau, Peter
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: ethics
psychology
machine learning
AI
decision trees
AI in research

description: The Dual Nature of Decision Trees Decision trees demonstrate a fascinating duality between human intuition and mathematical optimization. Psychologists like Kahneman and Tversky revealed how people rely on mental shortcuts and biased, heuristic-based thinking. This mirrors how decision trees use simple, hierarchical branching based on key features - just like our minds categorize objects using decisive traits. Yet decision trees are also rigorously constructed by calculating metrics like information gain that maximize analytical power. This parallels the structured analysis of rational thinking, optimizing the tree mathematically. Supported by various works by D. Kahneman, Busemeyer et al., and researchers at the university of Ottawa, this duality gives decision trees their interpretability and versatility. The visual tree structure appeals to intuitive pattern recognition, while optimized construction exploits powerful analytical techniques. Understanding this fusion between intuitive shortcuts and calculated reasoning is key to advancing decision tree capabilities and addressing their ethical and regulated use in AI applications.
Simulaciones visuales de la identidad, divergencias entre imaginarios y representaciones en Colombia
Creators: name: Betancourt Ruiz, María Ximena
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Personas jurídicas
subject: Clases sociales
subject: Acción social
subject: Imaginarios sociales y representaciones
subject: Marca país
subject: Identidad colombia
subject: Nonágono semiótico
subject: Imagen símbolo

description: En esta investigación se procura la identificación y el análisis de los imaginarios de identidad que surgen de los símbolos emblemáticos de Colombia; de las marcas territorio emitidas desde el Gobierno Central; y de las imágenes de identidades emergentes. De estos objetos se exploran sus representaciones en el marco del arte y la imagen visual como su referente simbólico. Lo anterior se realiza a través de estudios de caso: Marca País CO, Bandera Nacional y Obra del pintor Pedro Ruiz. Así, se logra caracterizar la diversidad de posturas desde las que socialmente se reconoce y se da credibilidad a una nueva identidad colombianidad.
description: This research seeks to identify and analyze the identity imaginaries that emerge from the emblematic symbols of Colombia, the territorial brands issued by the Central Government, and the images of emerging identities. The representations of these objects are explored within the framework of art and the visual image as their symbolic referent. This is done through case studies: CO Country Brand, National Flag and the work of the painter Pedro Ruiz. Thus, it is possible to characterize the diversity of positions from which a new Colombian identity is socially recognized and given credibility.
Additional file 1 of A multi-centre, participant-blinded, randomized, 3-year study to compare the efficacy of Virtual Surgical Planning (VSP) to Freehand Surgery (FHS) on bony union and quality of life outcomes for mandibular reconstruction with fibular and scapular free flaps: study protocol for a randomized phase II/III trial
Creators: name: Tran, Khanh Linh
name: Turkdogan, Sena
name: Dinur, Anat Bahat
name: Milner, Thomas D.
name: Wang, Edward
name: Nichols, Anthony
name: MacNeil, Danielle
name: Mendez, Adrian
name: Jervis-Bardy, Jake
name: De Almeida, John
name: Yao, Christopher
name: Goldstein, David
name: Gilbert, Ralph
name: Eskander, Antoine
name: Higgins, Kevin
name: Enepekides, Danny
name: Gupta, Michael
name: Zhang, Han
name: Au, Michael
name: Nguyen, Sally
name: Fels, Sidney
name: Hodgson, Antony
name: Brasher, Penelope
name: Mitton, Craig
name: Sabiq, Farahna
name: Fisher, Charles
name: Yang, David
name: Wong, Angela
name: Garnis, Cathie
name: Poh, Catherine
name: Durham, J. Scott
name: Prisman, Eitan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Model Selection for Degree-corrected Block Models
Creators: name: Xiaoran  Yan
name: Jenson, Jacob E.
name: Krzakala, Florent
name: Moore, Christopher
name: Shalizi, Cosma
name: Zdeborova, Lenka
name: Zhang, Pan
name: Yaojia  Zhu
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A central problem in analyzing networks is partitioning them into modules or communities, clusters with a statistically homogeneous pattern of links to each other or to the rest of the network. One of the best tools for this is the stochastic block model, which in its basic form imposes a Poisson degree distribution on all nodes within a community or block. In contrast, degree-corrected block models allow for heterogeneity of degree within blocks. Since these two model classes often lead to very different partitions of nodes into communities, we need an automatic way of deciding which model is more appropriate to a given graph. We present a principled and scalable algorithm for this model selection problem, and apply it to both synthetic and real-world networks. Specifically, we use belief propagation to efficiently approximate the log-likelihood of each class of models, summed over all community partitions, in the form of the Bethe free energy. We then derive asymptotic results on the mean and variance of the log-likelihood ratio we would observe if the null hypothesis were true, i.e. if the network were generated according to the non-degree-corrected block model. We find that for sparse networks, significant corrections to the classic asymptotic likelihood-ratio theory (underlying x2 hypothesis testing or the AIC) must be taken into account. We test our procedure against two real-world networks and find excellent agreement with our theory
N* Experiments and their Impact on Strong QCD Physics
Creators: name: Burkert, Volker D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I give a brief overview of experimental studies of the spectrum and the structure of the excited states of the nucleon and what we learn about their internal structure. The focus is on the effort to obtain a more complete picture of the light-quark baryon excitation spectrum employing electromagnetic beams, and on the study of the transition form factors and helicity amplitudes and their dependence on the magnitude of the photon virtuality $Q^2$, especially for some of the most prominent resonances. The results were obtained in pion and eta electroproduction experiments off proton targets. They strengthen the connection of experiment and new results from modeling sQCD in DSE and Light Cone SR approaches. They also point to the nature of these states as 3-quark excitations at the core.
description: Introductory talk presented at the International workshop N*2017, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA; 17 pages, 12 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1603.00919
José Carlos Mariátegui y la occidentalización del mundo andino
Creators: name: Olano Alor, Aldo Miguel
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mariátegui, José Carlos 1894-1930 - Pensamiento político
subject: Ideología
subject: Ciencia política
subject: José Carlos Mariategui
subject: Occidentalismo
subject: Mundo Andino
subject: Marxismo

description: En este capítulo reviso el análisis del Perú que adelantó el intelectual y político socialista José Carlos Mariátegui. Las variables aquí trabajadas son la participación de las razas en la formación de la nación, su rol como clases sociales en el proceso transformador que Mariátegui promovía y la herencia colonial en la formación de la sociedad, la economía y el Estado en este país. Consideramos que desde su posición marxista, elaboró un conjunto de propuestas que han llevado a que sea incluido por distintos estudiosos y difusores de su obra como parte de las corrientes indigenistas, tan en boga en aquellos años, o que haya integrado las filas del naciente populismo latinoamericano. De igual manera lo han señalado como un firme promotor de lo que devino en llamarse el comunismo andino y también en algunas corrientes que de manera muy amplia podrían definirse como vanguardistas. Así es que trabajo aspectos de su obra contenida en los Siete Ensayos de interpretación de la realidad peruana, teniendo en cuenta que hace ya varias décadas fue considerado como el más destacado exponente de un marxismo heterodoxo en América Latina.
description: In this chapter, I review the analysis of Peru advanced by the socialist intellectual and politician José Carlos Mariátegui. The variables worked on here are the participation of races in the formation of the nation, their role as social classes in the transformative process that Mariátegui promoted, and the colonial legacy in the formation of society, the economy and the State in this country. We consider that from his Marxist position, he elaborated a set of proposals that have led him to be included by different scholars and disseminators of his work as part of the indigenist currents, so in vogue in those years, or that he has integrated the ranks of the nascent Latin American populism. In the same way, he has been pointed out as a firm promoter of what came to be called Andean communism and also in some currents that could be defined as avant-garde in a very broad way. So I work on aspects of his work contained in the Seven Essays on the Interpretation of Peruvian Reality, taking into account that several decades ago he was considered the most outstanding exponent of a heterodox Marxism in Latin America.
Mixture models for linkage analysis of affected sibling pairs and covariates
Creators: name: B.  Devlin
name: Jones, Bobby L.
name: Silviu-Alin  Bacanu
name: Roeder, Kathryn
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To determine the genetic etiology of complex diseases, a common study design is to recruit affected sib/relative pairs (ASP/ARP) and evaluate their genome-wide distribution of identical by descent (IBD)-sharing using a set of highly polymorphic markers. Other attributes or environmental exposures of the ASP/ARP, which are thought to affect liability to disease, are sometimes collected. Conceivably these covariates could refine the linkage analysis. Most published methods for ASP/ARP linkage with covariates can be conceptualized as logistic models in which IBD-status of the ASP is predicted by pair-specific covariates. We develop a different approach to the problem of ASP analysis in the presence of covariates, one that extends naturally to ARP under certain conditions.
Minimax Sparse Principal Subspace Estimation in High Dimensions
Creators: name: Vu, Vincent Q.
name: Lei, Jing
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study sparse principal components analysis in high dimensions, where p (the number of variables) can be much larger than n (the number of observations), and analyze the problem of estimating the subspace spanned by the principal eigenvectors of the population covariance matrix. We prove optimal, non-asymptotic lower and upper bounds on the minimax subspace estimation error under two different, but related notions of ℓq subspace sparsity for 0 ≤ q ≤ 1. Our upper bounds apply to general classes of covariance matrices, and they show that ℓq constrained estimates can achieve optimal minimax rates without restrictive spiked covariance conditions.
The out of equilibrium dynamics of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model
Creators: name: Cugliandolo, Leticia F.
name: Kurchan, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analytic solution to the dynamics of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model was developed in the nineties. It involves directly measurable out of equilibrium quantities, and thus addresses the questions relevant to an experimental system. We here review the out of equilibrium relaxation of this model and how it compares to experimental measurements.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures. Contribution to `Viewing the World through spin-glasses', international conference in honour of DS Sherrington
Methods and Criteria for Model Selection
Creators: name: Kadane, Joseph B.
name: Lazar, Nicole A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Probability
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Model selection is an important part of any statistical analysis, and indeed is central to the pursuit of science in general. Many authors have examined this question, from both frequentist and Bayesian perspectives, and many tools for selecting the ``best model'' have been suggested in the literature. This paper considers the various proposals from a Bayesian decision-theoretic perspective.
Measuring Incoherence
Creators: name: Schervish, Mark J.
name: Seidenfeld, Teddy
name: Kadane, Joseph B.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Probability
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The degree of incoherence, when previsions are not made in accordance with a probability measure, is measured by the rate at which an incoherent bookie can be made a sure loser. Each bet is rescaled by one of several normalizations to account for the overall sizes of bets. For each normalization, the sure loss for incoherent previsions is divided by the normalization to determine the rate of incoherence. We study several properties of normalizations and degrees of incoherence and present some examples. Potential applications include the degree of incoherence of classical statistical procedures.
Proton decay into charged leptons
Creators: name: Hambye, Thomas
name: Heeck, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss proton and neutron decays involving three leptons in the final state. Some of these modes could constitute the dominant decay channel because they conserve lepton-flavor symmetries that are broken in all usually considered channels. This includes the particularly interesting and rarely discussed $p\to e^+ e^+ μ^-$ and $p\to μ^+ μ^+ e^-$ modes. As the relevant effective operators arise at dimension 9 or 10, observation of a three-lepton mode would probe energy scales of order 100 TeV. This allows to connect proton decay to other probes such as rare meson decays or collider physics. UV completions of this scenario involving leptoquarks unavoidably violate lepton flavor universality and could provide an explanation to the recent $b\to sμμ$ anomalies observed in $B$ meson decays.
description: 6 pages, to appear in PRL
ATOMS: ALMA Three-millimeter Observations of Massive Star-forming regions -- I. Survey description and a first look at G9.62+0.19
Creators: name: Liu, Tie
name: Evans, Neal J.
name: Kim, Kee-Tae
name: Goldsmith, Paul F.
name: Liu, Sheng-Yuan
name: Zhang, Qizhou
name: Tatematsu, Kenichi
name: Wang, Ke
name: Juvela, Mika
name: Bronfman, Leonardo
name: Cunningham, Maria. R.
name: Garay, Guido
name: Hirota, Tomoya
name: Lee, Jeong-Eun
name: Kang, Sung-Ju
name: Li, Di
name: Li, Pak-Shing
name: Mardones, Diego
name: Qin, Sheng-Li
name: Ristorcelli, Isabelle
name: Tej, Anandmayee
name: Toth, L. Viktor
name: Wu, Jing-Wen
name: Wu, Yue-Fang
name: Yi, Hee-weon
name: Yun, Hyeong-Sik
name: Liu, Hong-Li
name: Peng, Ya-Ping
name: Li, Juan
name: Li, Shang-Huo
name: Lee, Chang-Won
name: Shen, Zhi-Qiang
name: Baug, Tapas
name: Wang, Jun-Zhi
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Issac, Namitha
name: Zhu, Feng-Yao
name: Luo, Qiu-Yi
name: Soam, Archana
name: Liu, Xun-Chuan
name: Xu, Feng-Wei
name: Wang, Yu
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Ren, Zhiyuan
name: Zhang, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "ATOMS," standing for {\it ALMA Three-millimeter Observations of Massive Star-forming regions}, survey has observed 146 active star forming regions with ALMA Band 3, aiming to systematically investigate the spatial distribution of various dense gas tracers in a large sample of Galactic massive clumps, to study the roles of stellar feedback in star formation, and to characterize filamentary structures inside massive clumps. In this work, the observations, data analysis, and example science of the "ATOMS" survey are presented, using a case study for the G9.62+0.19 complex. Toward this source, some transitions, commonly assumed to trace dense gas, including CS $J = 2-1$, HCO$^+$ $J = 1-0$ and HCN $J = 1-0$, are found to show extended gas emission in low density regions within the clump; less than 25\% of their emission is from dense cores. SO, CH$_3$OH, H$^{13}$CN and HC$_3$N show similar morphologies in their spatial distributions and reveal well the dense cores. Widespread narrow SiO emission is present (over $\sim$1 pc), which may be caused by slow shocks from large--scale colliding flows or H{\sc ii} regions. Stellar feedback from an expanding H{\sc ii} region has greatly reshaped the natal clump, significantly changed the spatial distribution of gas, and may also account for the sequential high-mass star formation in the G9.62+0.19 complex. The ATOMS survey data can be jointly analyzed with other survey data, e.g., "MALT90", "Orion B", "EMPIRE", "ALMA\_IMF", and "ALMAGAL", to deepen our understandings of "dense gas" star formation scaling relations and massive proto-cluster formation.
description: published on MNRAS
The Control Toolbox - An Open-Source C++ Library for Robotics, Optimal and Model Predictive Control
Creators: name: Giftthaler, Markus
name: Neunert, Michael
name: Stäuble, Markus
name: Buchli, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce the Control Toolbox (CT), an open-source C++ library for efficient modeling, control, estimation, trajectory optimization and Model Predictive Control. The CT is applicable to a broad class of dynamic systems but features interfaces to modeling tools specifically designed for robotic applications. This paper outlines the general concept of the toolbox, its main building blocks, and highlights selected application examples. The library contains several tools to design and evaluate controllers, model dynamical systems and solve optimal control problems. The CT was designed for intuitive modeling of systems governed by ordinary differential or difference equations. It supports rapid prototyping of cost functions and constraints and provides standard interfaces for different optimal control solvers. To date, we support Single Shooting, the iterative Linear-Quadratic Regulator, Gauss-Newton Multiple Shooting and classical Direct Multiple Shooting. We provide interfaces to general purpose NLP solvers and Riccati-based linear-quadratic optimal control solvers. The CT was designed to solve large-scale optimal control and estimation problems efficiently and allows for online control of dynamic systems. Some of the key features to enable fast run-time performance are full compatibility with Automatic Differentiation, derivative code generation, and multi-threading. Still, the CT is designed as a modular framework whose building blocks can also be used for other control and estimation applications such as inverse dynamics control, extended Kalman filters or kinematic planning.
Multifield Reheating after Modular $j$-Inflation
Creators: name: Schimmrigk, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the inflationary framework of cosmology the initial phase of rapid expansion has to be followed by a reheating stage, which is envisioned to end in a radiation dominated big bang. Key parameters that characterize this big bang state are the temperature at the end of the reheating stage and the baryon asymmetry. For general interacting theories these parameters are difficult to obtain analytically because of the involved structure of the potential. In this paper multifield reheating is considered for interacting theories in which the inflaton trajectory is weakly curved. This scenario is realized in the model of $j$-inflation, a particular example of modular inflation, allowing an estimate of the reheat temperature.
description: 15 pages, improved approximation, added references
Scale-invariance and scale-breaking in parity-invariant three-dimensional QCD
Creators: name: Karthik, Nikhil
name: Narayanan, Rajamani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical study of three-dimensional two-color QCD with $N=0, 2, 4, 8$ and 12 flavors of massless two-component fermions using parity-preserving improved Wilson-Dirac fermions. A finite volume analysis provides strong evidence for the presence of $Sp(N)$ symmetry-breaking bilinear condensate when $N \le 2$ and its absence for $N \ge 8$. A weaker evidence for the bilinear condensate is shown for $N=4$. We estimate the critical number of flavors below which scale-invariance is broken by the bilinear condensate to be between $N=4$ and 6.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures; published version
Additional file 1 of Regional differences in triage decisions affect hospital mortality among frail COVID-19 patients in the COvid MEdicaTion study
Creators: name: Minnema, Julia
name: Sablerolles, Roos
name: van Kempen, Janneke
name: van der Kuy, Hugo
name: Polinder-Bos, Harmke
name: van de Loo, Bob
name: Versmissen, Jorie
name: Haaksma, Miriam L.
name: Lafeber, Melvin
name: Faes, Miriam C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
MCMC Strategies for Computing Bayesian Predictive Densities for Censored Multivariate Data
Creators: name: J. R. Lockwood
name: Schervish, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Probability
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Traditional criteria for comparing alternative Bayesian hierarchical models, such as cross validation sums of squares, are inappropriate for non-standard data structures. More flexible cross validation criteria such as predictive densities facilitate effective evaluations across a broader range of data structures, but do so at the expense of introducing computational challenges. This paper considers Markov Chain Monte Carlo strategies for calculating Bayesian predictive densities for vector measurements subject to differential component-wise censoring. It discusses computational obstacles in Bayesian computations resulting from both the multivariate and incomplete nature of the data, and suggests two Monte Carlo approaches for implementing predictive density calculations. It illustrates the value of the proposed methods in the context of comparing alternative models for joint distributions of contaminant concentration measurements.
Maximum Likelihood Estimation in Latent Class Models For Contingency Table Data
Creators: name: Fienberg, Stephen E.
name: Hersh, Patricia
name: Rinaldo, Alessandro
name: Zhou, Yi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Statistical models with latent structure have a history going back to the 1950s and have seen widespread use in the social sciences and, more recently, in computational biology and in machine learning. Here we study the basic latent class model proposed originally by the sociologist Paul F. Lazarfeld for categorical variables, and we explain its geometric structure. We draw parallels between the statistical and geometric properties of latent class models and we illustrate geometrically the causes of many problems associated with maximum likelihood estimation and related statistical inference. In particular, we focus on issues of non-identifiability and determination of the model dimension, of maximization of the likelihood function and on the effect of symmetric data. We illustrate these phenomena with a variety of synthetic and real-life tables, of different dimension and complexity. Much of the motivation for this work stems from the ``100 Swiss Francs" problem, which we introduce and describe in detail.