The contributions of vascular comorbidities on self-reported functional issues in persons with multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Gromisch, Elizabeth S.
name: Neto, Lindsay O.
name: Lo, Albert C.
name: DeLuca, Gabriele C.
name: Turner, Aaron P.
name: Agresta, Thomas
name: Castiglione, Andrew S.
name: DelMastro, Heather M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: This study aimed to evaluate 1) whether having a vascular comorbidity (i.e., hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, and diabetes) was associated with self-reported issues with functional activities among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 2) if certain contributing factors (i.e., disability, depression, and fatigue) might explain the observed relationships. Participants (<i>n</i> = 263) completed the Functional Status Index (FSI), which assessed five domains: gross mobility, hand activities, personal care, home chores, and social/role activities. After bivariate analyses, individual linear regressions were conducted for each FSI domain, controlling for demographics. Follow-up mediation analyses were done for each of the three mediators. Participants with vascular comorbidities endorsed more issues on all five domains, with the demographic-adjusted associations with gross mobility (<i>b</i> = 0.34, <i>p</i> = 0.002), hand activities (<i>b</i> = 0.15, <i>p</i> = 0.006), home chores (<i>b</i> = 0.44, <i>p</i> = 0.003), and social/role activities (<i>b</i> = 0.32, <i>p</i> = 0.024) remaining significant. Disability fully mediated the effects of vascular comorbidities on these domains, with partial and full mediations observed with depression and fatigue. Diabetes emerged as a significant individual comorbidity in several models. Vascular comorbidities, diabetes in particular, are associated with persons with MS endorsing worse ratings on functional outcomes, with disability, depression, and fatigue explaining these associations. Many persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience difficulties with activities of daily living (ADLs), which can have a negative impact on their quality of life.Having both MS and a vascular comorbidity (e.g., diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease) was associated with more issues with mobility, fine motor control, household chores, and social/role activities and responsibilities.Clinicians should consider both vascular and symptom management when patients report functional declines. Many persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience difficulties with activities of daily living (ADLs), which can have a negative impact on their quality of life. Having both MS and a vascular comorbidity (e.g., diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease) was associated with more issues with mobility, fine motor control, household chores, and social/role activities and responsibilities. Clinicians should consider both vascular and symptom management when patients report functional declines.