cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gravitation and Duality Symmetry
Creators: name: de Andrade, V. C.
name: Barbosa, A. L.
name: Pereira, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By generalizing the Hodge dual operator to the case of soldered bundles, and working in the context of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity, an analysis of the duality symmetry in gravitation is performed. Although the basic conclusion is that, at least in the general case, gravitation is not dual symmetric, there is a particular theory in which this symmetry shows up. It is a self dual (or anti-self dual) teleparallel gravity in which, due to the fact that it does not contribute to the interaction of fermions with gravitation, the purely tensor part of torsion is assumed to vanish. The ensuing fermionic gravitational interaction is found to be chiral. Since duality is intimately related to renormalizability, this theory may eventually be more amenable to renormalization than teleparallel gravity or general relativity.
description: 7 pages, no figures. Version 2: minor presentation changes, references added. Accepted for publication in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
Are Eco-Labels Valuable? Evidence from the Apparel Industry
Creators: name: Nimon, R. Wesley
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Nimon, R. Wesley
name: Beghin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Eco-labels
subject: organic-cotton apparel
subject: dyes
subject: hedonic price

description: Using U.S. apparel catalogue data, we estimate hedonic price functions to identify market valuation of environmental attributes of apparel goods. We identify a significant and robust premium for the organic fibers embodied in the apparel goods. We also find a discount for the "no-dye" label. We do not, however, find any evidence of a premium for environment-friendly dyes. We further investigate the pricing behavior of apparel suppliers for potential heterogenous pricing of the organic-fiber attribute and find no evidence of different premia across firms.
Ask a Hypothetical Question, Get a Valuable Answer?
Creators: name: Azevedo, Christopher D.
name: Herriges, Joseph A.
name: Kling, Catherine L.
name: Azevedo, Christopher D.
name: Herriges, Joseph A.
name: Kling, Catherine L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Revealed preference
subject: stated preference
subject: recreation
subject: wetlands

description: This paper models the recreation demand for Iowa wetlands, combining survey data on both actual usage patterns (i.e., revealed preferences) and anticipated changes to those patterns under hypothetical increases in trip costs (i.e., stated preferences). We formulate and test specific hypotheses concerning potential sources of bias in each data type. We consistently reject consistency between the two data sources, both in terms of implied wetland values and underlying preference parameters. Careful attention is paid to the interpretations of the test results, noting particularly how the interpretation of the same results can vary with the "school of thought" of the reader.
The Role of Outflows, Radiation Pressure, and Magnetic Fields in Massive Star Formation
Creators: name: Rosen, Anna L.
name: Krumholz, Mark R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar feedback in the form of radiation pressure and magnetically-driven collimated outflows may limit the maximum mass that a star can achieve and affect the star-formation efficiency of massive pre-stellar cores. Here we present a series of 3D adaptive mesh refinement radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the collapse of initially turbulent, massive pre-stellar cores. Our simulations include radiative feedback from both the direct stellar and dust-reprocessed radiation fields, and collimated outflow feedback from the accreting stars. We find that protostellar outflows punches holes in the dusty circumstellar gas along the star's polar directions, thereby increasing the size of optically thin regions through which radiation can escape. Precession of the outflows as the star's spin axis changes due to the turbulent accretion flow further broadens the outflow, and causes more material to be entrained. Additionally, the presence of magnetic fields in the entrained material leads to broader entrained outflows that escape the core. We compare the injected and entrained outflow properties and find that the entrained outflow mass is a factor of $\sim$3 larger than the injected mass and the momentum and energy contained in the entrained material are $\sim$25% and $\sim$5% of the injected momentum and energy, respectively. As a result, we find that, when one includes both outflows and radiation pressure, the former are a much more effective and important feedback mechanism, even for massive stars with significant radiative outputs.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures, accepted by ApJ
Prompt Photon Production at HERA and LEP
Creators: name: Kluge, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results on isolated prompt photon production are presented. The measurements were performed at HERA in deep inelastic ep scattering and photoproduction, as well as at LEP in photon photon collisions. Differential cross sections are shown for inclusive prompt photons and those accompanied by a jet. The results are compared to predictions of perturbative QCD calculations in next to leading order and to predictions of the event generators PYTHIA and HERWIG.
description: To appear in the proceedings of 32nd International Conference on High-Energy Physics (ICHEP 04), Beijing, China, 16-22 Aug 2004
Radio pulsars around intermediate mass black holes in super stellar clusters
Creators: name: Patruno, A.
name: Colpi, M.
name: Faulkner, A.
name: Possenti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study accretion in binaries hosting an intermediate mass black hole (IMBH) of 1000 solar masses, and a donor star more massive than 15 solar masses. These systems experience an active X-ray phase characterized by luminosities varying over a wide interval, from <10^36 erg/s up to a few 10^40 erg/s typical of the ultra luminous X-ray sources (ULXs). Roche lobe overflow on the zero-age main sequence and donor masses above 20 solar masses can maintain a long-lived accretion phase at the level required to feed a ULX source. In wide systems, wind transfer rates are magnified by the focusing action of the IMBH yielding wind luminosities around 10^38 erg/s. These high mass-IMBH binaries can be identified as progenitors of IMBH-radio pulsar (PSR) binaries. We find that the formation of an IMBH-PSR binary does not necessarely require the transit through a ULX phase, but that a ULX can highlight a system that will evolve into an IMBH-PSR, if the mass of the donor star is constrained to lie within 15 to 30 solar masses. We show that binary evolution delivers the pre-exploding helium core in an orbit such that after explosion, the neutron star has a very high probability to remain bound to the IMBH, at distances of 1-10 AU. The detection of an IMBH-PSR binary in the Milky Way has suffered, so far, from the same small number of statistics limit affecting the population of ULXs in our Galaxy. Ongoing deeper surveys or next generation radio telescopes like SKA will have an improved chance to unveil such intriguing systems. Timing analysis of a pulsar orbiting around an IMBH would weigh the black hole in the still uncharted interval of mass around 1000 solar masses
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Few comments added (minor revision)
CLIMATE CHANGE SENSITIVITY ASSESSMENT ON UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN STREAMFLOWS USING SWAT
Creators: name: Jha, Manoj K.
name: Arnold, Jeffrey G.
name: Gassman, Philip W.
name: Gu, Roy
name: Jha, Manoj K.
name: Arnold, Jeffrey G.
name: Gassman, Philip W.
name: Gu, Roy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: climate change
subject: flow
subject: hydrology
subject: simulation
subject: spatial patterns
subject: watershed

description: The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to assess the impacts of potential future climate change on the hydrology of the Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB). Calibration and validation of SWAT were performed on a monthly basis for 1968-87 and 1988-97, respectively; R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe simulation efficiency (E) values computed for the monthly comparisons were 0.74 and 0.65 for the calibration period and 0.81 and 0.75 for the validation period. The impacts of eight 20-year (1971-90) scenarios were then analyzed, relative to a scenario baseline. A doubling of atmospheric CO2 concentrations was predicted to result in an average annual flow increase of 35 percent. An average annual flow decrease of 15 percent was estimated for a constant temperature increase of 4°C. Essentially linear impacts were predicted among precipitation change scenarios of -20, -10, 10, and 20 percent, which resulted in average annual flow changes at Grafton, Illinois, of -51, -27, 28, and 58 percent, respectively. The final two scenarios accounted for variable monthly temperature and precipitation changes obtained from a previous climate projection with and without the effects of CO2 doubling. The resultant average annual flows were predicted to increase by 15 and 52 percent in response to these climatic changes. Overall, the results indicate that the UMRB hydrology is very sensitive to potential future climate changes and that these changes could stimulate increased periods of flooding or drought.
Stochastic re-acceleration and magnetic-field damping in Tycho's supernova remnant
Creators: name: Wilhelm, A.
name: Telezhinsky, I.
name: Dwarkadas, V. V.
name: Pohl, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of studies suggest that shock acceleration with particle feedback and very efficient magnetic-field amplification combined with Alfvénic drift are needed to explain the rather soft radio spectrum and the narrow rims observed for Tycho's SNR. We show that the broadband spectrum of Tycho's SNR can alternatively be well explained when accounting for stochastic acceleration as a secondary process. The re-acceleration of particles in the turbulent region immediately downstream of the shock should be efficient enough to impact particle spectra over several decades in energy. The so-called Alfvénic drift and particle feedback on the shock structure are not required in this scenario. Additionally, we investigate whether synchrotron losses or magnetic-field damping play a more profound role in the formation of the non-thermal filaments. We solve the full particle transport equation in test-particle mode using hydrodynamic simulations of the SNR plasma flow. The background magnetic field is either computed from the induction equation or follows analytic profiles, depending on the model considered. Fast-mode waves in the downstream region provide the diffusion of particles in momentum space. We show that the broadband spectrum of Tycho can be well explained if magnetic-field damping and stochastic re-acceleration of particles are taken into account. Although not as efficient as standard DSA, stochastic acceleration leaves its imprint on the particle spectra, which is especially notable in the emission at radio wavelengths. We find a lower limit for the post-shock magnetic-field strength $\sim330\,\mathrm{μG}$, implying efficient amplification even for the magnetic-field damping scenario. For the formation of the filaments in the radio range magnetic-field damping is necessary, while the X-ray filaments are shaped by both the synchrotron losses and magnetic-field damping.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Common Suppression Pattern of eta and pi^0 Mesons at High Transverse Momentum in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV
Creators: name: PHENIX Collaboration
name: Adler, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inclusive transverse momentum spectra of eta mesons have been measured within p_T = 2-10 GeV/c at mid-rapidity by the PHENIX experiment in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV. In central Au+Au the eta yields are significantly suppressed compared to peripheral Au+Au, d+Au and p+p yields scaled by the corresponding number of nucleon-nucleon collisions. The magnitude, centrality and p_T dependence of the suppression is common, within errors, for eta and pi^0. The ratio of eta to pi^0 spectra at high p_T amounts to 0.40 < R_eta/pi^0 < 0.48 for the three systems in agreement with the world average measured in hadronic and nuclear reactions and, at large scaled momentum, in e^+e^- collisions.
description: 331 authors, 6 pages text, 4 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.html
Speed and the probability of a collision
Creators: name: Kwan, Thomas Yan Wa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Speed related automobile accidents account for about one-third of all vehicle accidents in the United States and in the province of British Columbia. The estimated economic cost of speeding-related vehicle accidents in the US is $27.7 billions USD (1994 dollars). Researchers have different views on the role that speed plays as a causative factor in automobile collisions. The purpose of this research is to develop an equation between speed and the probability of a collision using a risk approach. Risk is defined as the product of the exposure, the probability, and the consequence of an event. By using published data from the province of Saskatchewan, an equation to estimate the probability of a collision as a function of speed is developed. This probability equation is a function of the average vehicle travelling speed raised to an exponent, in which the exponent is also a function of average vehicle speed. From the literature, the consequence of a fatal or serious injury collision is the fourth power function of the collision speed. Thus the equation for fatality risk for an individual travelling on a road is a fairly complex function of the operating speed. Additional analysis of traffic accident and speed data on US rural highways and data for Bangkok urban expressways were used to estimate risk. This research found that not only does speed increase the severity of a collision, but it also increases the probability of a collision.
Economic Potential of Biomass-Based Fuels for Greenhouse Gas Emission Mitigation
Creators: name: Schneider, Uwe A.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
name: Schneider, Uwe A.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Agricultural Sector Model
subject: alternative energy
subject: biofuel economics
subject: biomass power plants
subject: greenhouse gas emission mitigation
subject: short rotation woody crops
subject: switchgrass

description: Use of biofuels diminishes fossil fuel combustion, thereby also reducing net greenhouse gas emissions. However, subsidies are needed to make agricultural biofuel production economically feasible. To explore the economic potential of biofuels in a greenhouse gas mitigation market, we incorporate data on production and biofuel processing for the designated energy cropsswitchgrass, hybrid poplar, and willowin a U.S. Agricultural Sector Model, along with data on traditional crop-livestock production and processing, and afforestation of cropland. Net emission coefficients on all included agricultural practices are estimated through crop growth simulation models or are taken from the literature. We simulate potential emission mitigation policies or markets using hypothetical carbon prices ranging between $0 and $500 per ton of carbon equivalent. At each carbon price level, the Agricultural Sector Model computes the new market equilibrium, revealing agricultural commodity prices, regionally specific production, input use, welfare levels, environmental impacts, and adoption of alternative management practices such as biofuel production. Results indicate there is no role for biofuels below carbon prices of $50 per ton of carbon equivalent. At these incentive levels, emission reductions through reduced soil tillage and afforestation are more cost efficient. At carbon prices above $50, however, biofuels become increasingly important, and at prices above $180 they dominate all other agricultural strategies.
Floating topological phases
Creators: name: Devakul, Trithep
name: Sondhi, S. L.
name: Kivelson, S. A.
name: Berg, Erez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While quasi-two-dimensional (layered) materials can be highly anisotropic, their asymptotic long-distance behavior generally reflects the properties of a fully three dimensional phase of matter. However, certain topologically ordered quantum phases with an emergent 2+1 dimensional gauge symmetry can be asymptotically impervious to interplane couplings. We discuss the stability of such "floating topological phases", as well as their diagnosis by means of a non-local order parameter. Such a phase can produce a divergent ratio $ρ_{\perp}/ρ_{\parallel}$ of the inter-layer to intra-layer resistivity as $T\to 0$, even in an insulator where both $ρ_{\perp}$ and $ρ_\parallel$ individually diverge. Experimental observation of such a divergence would constitute proof of the existence of a topological (e.g. spin liquid) phase.
description: 15 pages
The full angle-dependence of the four-loop cusp anomalous dimension in QED
Creators: name: Brüser, Robin
name: Dlapa, Christoph
name: Henn, Johannes M.
name: Yan, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The angle-dependent cusp anomalous dimension governs divergences coming from soft gluon exchanges between heavy particles, such as top quarks. We focus on the matter-dependent contributions and compute the first truly non-planar terms. They appear at four loops and are proportional to a quartic Casimir operator in color space. Specializing our general gauge theory result to U(1), we obtain the full QED four-loop angle-dependent cusp anomalous dimension. While more complicated functions appear at intermediate steps, the analytic answer depends only on multiple polylogarithms with singularities at fourth roots of unity. It can be written in terms of four rational structures, and contains functions of up to maximal transcendental weight seven. Despite this complexity, we find that numerically the answer is tantalizingly close to the appropriately rescaled one-loop formula, over most of the kinematic range. We take several limits of our analytic result, which serves as a check and allows us to obtain new, power-suppressed terms. In the anti-parallel lines limit, which corresponds to production of two massive particles at threshold, we find that the subleading power correction vanishes. Finally, we compute the quartic Casimir contribution for scalars in the loop. Taking into account a supersymmetric decomposition, we derive the first non-planar corrections to the quark anti-quark potential in maximally supersymmetric gauge theory.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Supernova Cosmology and the ESSENCE project
Creators: name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Aguilera, Claudio
name: Becker, Andy
name: Blondin, Stephane
name: Challis, Pete
name: Clocchiatti, Alejandro
name: Filippenko, Alex
name: Foley, Ryan
name: Garnavich, Peter M.
name: Hicken, Malcolm
name: Jha, Saurabh
name: Kirshner, Robert
name: Krisciunas, Kevin
name: Leibundgut, Bruno
name: Li, Weidong
name: Matheson, Thomas
name: Miknaitis, Gajus
name: Rest, Armin
name: Riess, Adam G.
name: Salvo, Maria Elena
name: Schmidt, Brian P.
name: Smith, Chris
name: Spyromilio, Jason
name: Stubbs, Chris
name: Suntzeff, Nicholas B.
name: Tonry, John L.
name: Wood-Vasey, Michael
name: Barris, Brian
name: Davis, Tamara
name: Mortsell, Edvard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proper usage of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) as distance indicators has revolutionized cosmology, and added a new dominant component to the energy density of the Universe, dark energy. Following the discovery and confirmation era, the currently ongoing SNe Ia surveys aim to determine the properties of the dark energy. ESSENCE is a five year ground-based supernova survey aimed at finding and characterizing 200 SNe Ia in the redshift domain z=[0.2-0.8]. The goal of the project is to put constraints on the equation of state parameter, w, of the dark energy with an accuracy of <10%. This paper presents these ongoing efforts in the context of the current developments in observational cosmology.
description: Submitted to EPS13
Current in Wave Driven Plasmas
Creators: name: Karney, Charles F. F.
name: Fisch, Nathaniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory for the generation of current in a toroidal plasma by radio-frequency waves is presented. The effect of an opposing electric field is included, allowing the case of time varying currents to be studied. The key quantities that characterize this regime are identified and numerically calculated. Circuit equations suitable for use in ray-tracing and transport codes are given.
description: LaTeX 2.09, 26 pages, 7 figures
Electroreflectance spectroscopy in self-assembled quantum dots: lens symmetry
Creators: name: Rodríguez, A. H.
name: Trallero-Giner, C.
name: Muñoz, Martín
name: Tamargo, María C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modulated electroreflectance spectroscopy $ΔR/R$ of semiconductor self-assembled quantum dots is investigated. The structure is modeled as dots with lens shape geometry and circular cross section. A microscopic description of the electroreflectance spectrum and optical response in terms of an external electric field (${\bf F}$) and lens geometry have been considered. The field and lens symmetry dependence of all experimental parameters involved in the $ΔR/R$ spectrum have been considered. Using the effective mass formalism the energies and the electronic states as a function of ${\bf F}$ and dot parameters are calculated. Also, in the framework of the strongly confined regime general expressions for the excitonic binding energies are reported. Optical selection rules are derived in the cases of the light wave vector perpendicular and parallel to $% {\bf F}$. Detailed calculation of the Seraphin coefficients and electroreflectance spectrum are performed for the InAs and CdSe nanostructures. Calculations show good agreement with measurements recently performed on CdSe/ZnSe when statistical distribution on size is considered, explaining the main observed characteristic in the electroreflectance spectra.
The ALPINE-ALMA [C II] survey: the luminosity function of serendipitous [C II] line emitters at $z\sim 5$
Creators: name: Loiacono, Federica
name: Decarli, Roberto
name: Gruppioni, Carlotta
name: Talia, Margherita
name: Cimatti, Andrea
name: Zamorani, Gianni
name: Pozzi, Francesca
name: Yan, Lin
name: Lemaux, Brian C.
name: Riechers, Dominik A.
name: Fèvre, Olivier Le
name: Béthermin, Matthieu
name: Capak, Peter
name: Cassata, Paolo
name: Faisst, Andreas
name: Schaerer, Daniel
name: Silverman, John D.
name: Bardelli, Sandro
name: Boquien, Médéric
name: Burkutean, Sandra
name: Dessauges-Zavadsky, Miroslava
name: Fudamoto, Yoshinobu
name: Fujimoto, Seiji
name: Ginolfi, Michele
name: Hathi, Nimish P.
name: Jones, Gareth C.
name: Khusanova, Yana
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Lagache, Guilaine
name: Massardi, Marcella
name: Oesch, Pascal
name: Romano, Michael
name: Vallini, Livia
name: Vergani, Daniela
name: Zucca, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first [CII] 158 $μ$m luminosity function (LF) at $z\sim 5$ from a sample of serendipitous lines detected in the ALMA Large Program to INvestigate [CII] at Early times (ALPINE). A search performed over the 118 ALPINE pointings revealed several serendipitous lines. Based on their fidelity, we selected 14 lines for the final catalog. According to the redshift of their counterparts, we identified 8 out of 14 detections as [CII] lines at $z\sim 5$, and two as CO transitions at lower redshifts. The remaining 4 lines have an elusive identification in the available catalogs and we considered them as [CII] candidates. We used the 8 confirmed [CII] and the 4 [CII] candidates to build one of the first [CII] LFs at $z\sim 5$. We found that 11 out of these 12 sources have a redshift very similar to that of the ALPINE target in the same pointing, suggesting the presence of overdensities around the targets. Therefore, we split the sample in two (a "clustered" and "field" sub-sample) according to their redshift separation and built two separate LFs. Our estimates suggest that there could be an evolution of the [CII] LF between $z \sim 5$ and $z \sim 0$. By converting the [CII] luminosity to star formation rate we evaluated the cosmic star formation rate density (SFRD) at $z\sim 5$. The clustered sample results in a SFRD $\sim 10$ times higher than previous measurements from UV-selected galaxies. On the other hand, from the field sample (likely representing the average galaxy population) we derived a SFRD $\sim 1.6$ higher compared to current estimates from UV surveys but compatible within the errors. Because of the large uncertainties, observations of larger samples are necessary to better constrain the SFRD at $z\sim 5$. This study represents one of the first efforts aimed at characterizing the demography of [CII] emitters at $z\sim 5$ using a mm-selection of galaxies.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures; submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
Chiral symmetry restoration in excited hadrons, quantum fluctuations, and quasiclassics
Creators: name: Glozman, L. Ya.
name: Nefediev, A. V.
name: Ribeiro, J. E. F. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we discuss the transition to the semiclassical regime in excited hadrons, and consequently, the restoration of chiral symmetry for these states. We use a generalised Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with the interaction between quarks in the form of the instantaneous Lorentz-vector confining potential. This model is known to provide spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry in the vacuum via the standard selfenergy loops for valence quarks. It has been shown recently that the effective single-quark potential is of the Lorentz-scalar nature, for the low-lying hadrons, while, for the high-lying states, it becomes a pure Lorentz vector and hence the model exhibits the restoration of chiral symmetry. We demonstrate explicitly the quantum nature of chiral symmetry breaking, the absence of chiral symmetry breaking in the classical limit as well as the transition to the semiclassical regime for excited states, where the effect of chiral symmetry breaking becomes only a small correction to the classical contributions.
description: RevTeX4, 20 pages, 4 Postscript figures, uses epsfig.sty, typos corrected
Winterhager, Jürgen Wilhelm, Kirchenunionen des 20. Jahrhunderts
Creators: name: Weissgerber, Hans
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 11 Nr. 2 (1962): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 11, Heft 2
A Velocity Map Imaging apparatus optimized for high-resolution crossed molecular beam experiments
Creators: name: Plomp, Vikram
name: Gao, Zhi
name: van de Meerakker, Sebastiaan Y. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design of a Velocity Map Imaging apparatus tailored to the demands of high-resolution crossed molecular beam experiments employing Stark or Zeeman decelerators. The key requirements for these experiments consist of the combination of a high relative velocity resolution for large ionization volumes and a broad range of relatively low lab-frame velocities. The SIMION software package was employed to systematically optimize the electrode geometries and electrical configuration. The final design consists of a stack of 16 tubular electrodes, electrically connected with resistors, which is divided into three electric field regions. The resulting apparatus allows for an inherent velocity blurring of less than 1.1 m/s for NO$^+$ ions originating from a 3x3x3 mm ionization volume, which is negligible in a typical crossed beam experiment. The design was recently employed in several state of the art crossed-beam experiments, allowing the observation of fine details in the velocity distributions of the scattered molecules.
Food Self-Sufficiency, Comparative Advantage, and Agricultural Trade: A Policy Analysis Matrix for Chinese Agriculture
Creators: name: Fang, Cheng
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Fang, Cheng
name: Beghin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: China
subject: agriculture
subject: comparative advantage
subject: protection
subject: DRC
subject: EPC
subject: agricultural trade

description: We assess the comparative advantage and protection of China's major agricultural crops using a modified Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) and 1996 to 1998 data. We consider the following commodities: early indica rice, late indica rice, japonica rice, south wheat, north wheat, south corn, north corn, sorghum, soybean, rapeseed, cotton, tobacco, sugarcane, and a subset of fruits and vegetables. Consistent with the intuition of the simple Heckscher-Ohlin model, the results strongly suggest that China has a comparative advantage in labor-intensive crops, and a disadvantage in land-intensive crops. Specifically, land-intensive grain and oilseed crops are less socially profitable than fruits and vegetables. Within the grain sector, high quality rice and high quality north wheat have a more comparative advantage than early indica rice and south wheat, respectively. The findings suggest that China's current grain self-sufficiency policy incurs efficiency losses. Our results shed light on likely changes in agricultural trade patterns in China, if accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) takes place. We also stress the need for greater input productivity in grain production to improve its competitiveness if China keeps its food security policy.
Dynamical Coulomb blockade of multiple Andreev reflections
Creators: name: Yeyati, A. Levy
name: Cuevas, J. C.
name: Martin-Rodero, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dynamical Coulomb blockade of multiple Andreev reflections (MAR) in a superconducting quantum point contact coupled to a macroscopic impedance. We find that at very low transmission the blockade scales as $n^2$ with $n = {Int}(2Δ/eV)$, where $V$ is the bias voltage and $Δ$ is the superconducting gap, as it would correspond to the occurrence of "shots" of charge $ne$. For higher transmission the blockade is reduced both due to Pauli principle and to elastic renormalization of the MAR probability, and for certain voltage regions it may even become an "antiblockade", i.e. the current is enhanced due to the coupling with the electromagnetic environment.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Economic and Environmental Co-benefits of Carbon Sequestration in Agricultural Soils: Retiring Agricultural Land in the Upper Mississippi River Basin
Creators: name: Feng, Hongli
name: Kurkalova, Lyubov A.
name: Kling, Catherine L.
name: Gassman, Philip W.
name: Feng, Hongli
name: Kurkalova, Lyubov A.
name: Kling, Catherine L.
name: Gassman, Philip W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: carbon sequestration
subject: co-benefits
subject: co-effects
subject: economic transfers
subject: environmental benefits targeting
subject: Upper Mississippi River Basin

description: This study investigates the carbon sequestration potential and co-benefits from policies aimed at retiring agricultural land in the Upper Mississippi River Basin, a large, heavily agricultural area. We extend the empirical measurement of co-benefits from the previous focus on environmental benefits to include economic transfers. These transfers have often been mentioned as a co-benefit, but little empirical work measuring the potential magnitude of these transfers has previously been undertaken. We compare and contrast five targeting schemes, each based on maximizing different physical environmental measures, including carbon sequestration, soil erosion, nitrogen runoff, nitrogen leaching, as well as the area enrolled in the program. In each case, the other environmental benefits and economic transfers are computed. We find that the geographic distribution of co-benefits (including economic transfers) varies significantly with the benefit targeted, implying that policy design related to targeting can have very important implications for both environmental conditions and income distributions in sub-regions.
Adela paludicolella Zeller 1850
Creators: name: Timossi, Giovanni
name: Huemer, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Adelidae
Adela
Adela paludicolella

description: Adela paludicolella Zeller, 1850 (figs. 5, 6)
Material examined. 1♂, Italia, Toscana, Livorno, Portoferraio (Elba island), Montebello: 30.III.2021 (on P. lentiscus), leg. Forbicioni L., prep. mic. 2080 GT, DNA barcode TMGV2080, GTRC; 1♂, idem, without abdomen, GTRC; 2 ♀, Italia, Toscana, Livorno, Montecristo island, 42°19'44"N 10°18'35"E 400 m: 4. VI.2014 leg. Scalercio S., prep. mic. 2165 TG, SSRC. 1♂, Italia, Sardegna, Nuoro, Libono 39.891164N 9.5639171E 400 m: 4. V.2022, leg. Melotti E., L. Morin det.: prep. mic. 2126 TG, RCLM.
Supplementary material: 1♂, Francia, Corsica, Zonza (Corse-du-sud) le 12 avril 2012, leg. Varenne T.; 5 specimens, Italia, Sardegna, Isola di Sant’Antioco, Cala Usai, V.1974, F. Hartig leg., det. W. Sauter, GBRC.
Redescription
Adult (n 5); head: white labial palps with white scales above, with long black hair-like scales below, head covering with long hair-like scales, 80% yellow, the rest black; antennae: black and white in the distal part, about twice the length of the forewing in male, in the female slightly longer than the forewings; thorax: metallic brown with bronze and golden reflections; legs: covering of scales metallic brown and white, tarsal formula 0-2-4; forewings: forewing length 4.2–5.7 mm, ground colour metallic brown with golden and violet reflections, white median band curved towards the distal end, a small white spot on the costa between the median band and the tip of the wing, dark brown fringes; hindwings: dark brown with violet reflections, brown fringes.
Genitalia ♂ (pl. I a, b, c); uncus rounded, broad, flat, small squared above; tegumen broad and well sclerotized; vinculum rounded and broad anteriorly; valves: subtriangular with curved and truncated distal end; transtilla sclerotized, median protrusion approximately ½ as long as the lateral protrusions, with anterior extension fork schaped; aedeagus whit base truncated slightly arched horned for ¼ of the length; juxta approximately ½ as long as the phallus with sagittate end with rounded apex.
Genitalia ♀ (pl. I d, e): ovipositor with acuminate end in lateral view, VII tergite and VII sternite slightly sclerotized, sub-triangular.
Biology: adults are in flight from March to June and are found on flowers of Pistacia lentiscus and Erica arborea.
Habitat: Mediterranean maquis.
Distribution: southern France including Corsica, Italy (Tuscany, Elba Island and Montecristo Island), Sardinia.
description: Published as part of Timossi, Giovanni & Huemer, Peter, 2025, Adela paludicolella Zeller, 1850, and Adela orientella Staudinger, 1870 sp. rev. (Lepidoptera, Adelidae): two distinct species revealed by morphological analysis and DNA barcoding, pp. 249-261 in Zootaxa 5621 (2) on pages 255-256, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5621.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/15262576
The Effect of Gas Ion Bombardment on the Secondary Electron Yield of TiN, TiCN and TiZrV Coatings For Suppressing Collective Electron Effects in Storage Rings
Creators: name: Pimpec, F. Le
name: Kirby, R. E.
name: King, F. K.
name: Pivi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many accelerator storage rings running positively charged beams, ionization of residual gas and secondary electron emission (SEE) in the beam pipe will give rise to an electron cloud which can cause beam blow-up or loss of the circulating beam. A preventative measure that suppresses electron cloud formation is to ensure that the vacuum wall has a low secondary emission yield (SEY). The SEY of thin films of TiN, sputter deposited Non-Evaporable Getters and a novel TiCN alloy were measured under a variety of conditions, including the effect of re-contamination from residual gas.
description: 15 pages - 7 figures - 8 tables, submitted to NIM A
Wide and Deep Exploration of Radio Galaxies with Subaru HSC (WERGS). III. Discovery of a z = 4.72 Radio Galaxy with Lyman Break Technique
Creators: name: Yamashita, Takuji
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Ikeda, Hiroyuki
name: Toba, Yoshiki
name: Kajisawa, Masaru
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Tanaka, Masayuki
name: Akiyama, Masayuki
name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Ichikawa, Kohei
name: Kawaguchi, Toshihiro
name: Kawamuro, Taiki
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Lee, Chien-Hsiu
name: Lee, Kianhong
name: Matsuoka, Yoshiki
name: Niida, Mana
name: Ogura, Kazuyuki
name: Onoue, Masafusa
name: Uchiyama, Hisakazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a discovery of $z = 4.72$ radio galaxy, HSC J083913.17+011308.1, by using the Lyman break technique with the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Survey (HSC-SSP) catalog for VLA FIRST radio sources. The number of known high-$z$ radio galaxies (HzRGs) at $z > 3$ is quite small to constrain the evolution of HzRGs so far. The deep and wide-area optical survey by HSC-SSP enables us to apply the Lyman break technique to a large search for HzRGs. For an HzRG candidate among pre-selected $r$-band dropouts with a radio detection, a follow-up optical spectroscopy with GMOS/Gemini has been performed. The obtained spectrum presents a clear Ly$α$ emission line redshifted to $z=4.72$. The SED fitting analysis with the rest-frame UV and optical photometries suggests the massive nature of this HzRG with $\log{M_*/M_{\odot}} = 11.4$. The small equivalent width of Ly$α$ and the moderately red UV colors indicate its dusty host galaxy, implying a chemically evolved and dusty system. The radio spectral index does not meet a criterion for an ultra-steep spectrum: $α^{325}_{1400}$ of $-1.1$ and $α^{150}_{1400}$ of $-0.9$, demonstrating that the HSC-SSP survey compensates for a sub-population of HzRGs which are missed in surveys focusing on an ultra-steep spectral index.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in AJ
Health Information and the Choice of Fish Species: An Experiment Measuring the Impact of Risk and Benefit Information
Creators: name: Marette, Stephan
name: Roosen, Jutta
name: Blanchemanche, Sandrine
name: Verger, Philippe
name: Marette, Stephan
name: Roosen, Jutta
name: Blanchemanche, Sandrine
name: Verger, Philippe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: experimental economics
subject: fish consumption
subject: health information
subject: nutrition

description: An experiment was conducted in France to evaluate the impact of health information on consumers' choice between two different types of fish. Successive messages revealing risks (methylmercury) and benefits (omega-3s) of consuming the fish, along with consumption recommendations, were delivered. Results show a significant difference of reaction according to the order and type of information. The information about risks had a larger marginal impact on change in willingness to pay (WTP) than did the information about benefits. While the results show that detailed messages on risks/benefits, including recommendations for nutrition behavior, matter in the modification of WTP, 40% of respondents did not change their initial choices after the revelation of health information.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 06/10/07.
Accretion-powered millisecond pulsars
Creators: name: Poutanen, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review X-ray observations of accretion-powered millisecond pulsars and current theories for formation of their spectra and pulse profiles.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures; invited review presented at COSPAR Colloquium "Spectra & Timing of Compact X-ray Binaries", January 17-20, 2005, Mumbai, India. Advances in Space Research, in press
Flow through three-dimensional self-affine fractures
Creators: name: Seybold, H. J.
name: Carmona, H. A.
name: Filho, F. A. Leandro
name: Araújo, A. D.
name: Filho, F. Nepomuceno
name: Andrade, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate through numerical simulations of the Navier-Stokes equations the influence of the surface roughness on the fluid flow through fracture joints. Using the Hurst exponent $H$ to characterize the roughness of the self-affine surfaces that constitute the fracture, our analysis reveal the important interplay between geometry and inertia on the flow. Precisely, for low values of Reynolds numbers Re, we use Darcy's law to quantify the hydraulic resistance $G$ of the fracture and show that its dependence on $H$ can be explained in terms of a simple geometrical model for the tortuosity $τ$ of the channel. At sufficiently high values of Re, when inertial effects become relevant, our results reveal that nonlinear corrections up to third-order to Darcy's law are aproximately proportional to $H$. These results imply that the resistance $G$ to the flow follows a universal behavior by simply rescaling it in terms of the fracture resistivity and using an effective Reynolds number, namely, Re/$H$. Our results also reveal the presence of quasi-one-dimensional channeling, even considering the absence of shear displacement between upper and lower surfaces of the self-affine fracture.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Quality and Competition: An Empirical Analysis across Industries
Creators: name: Crespi, John M.
name: Marette, Stephan
name: Crespi, John M.
name: Marette, Stephan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: concentration
subject: market structure
subject: ordered probit
subject: product differentiation
subject: product quality

description: This paper empirically explores the link between quality and concentration in a cross-section of manufactured goods. Using concentration data and product quality indicators, an ordered probit estimation explores the impact of concentration on quality that is defined as an index of quality characteristics. The results demonstrate that market concentration and quality are positively correlated across different industries. When industry concentration increases, the likelihood of the product being higher quality increases and the likelihood of observing a lower quality decreases.
LOCATION, PLANTING DECISIONS, AND THE MARKETING OF QUALITY-DIFFERENTIATED AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
Creators: name: Saak, Alexander E.
name: Saak, Alexander E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: commodity prices
subject: grain storage
subject: location
subject: marketing
subject: product quality
subject: supermodularity

description: In a marketing environment, the demand conditions, the costs of shipping and storing grain varieties, the interest rate on farm loans, and the distribution of cropland in the area are important determinants of growers' planting decisions. In this article, I focus on a market for two quality-differentiated agricultural commodities: one produced with the use of biotechnology and the other, without. I develop a model for analyzing the equilibrium planting and marketing decisions made by geographically dispersed producers during the marketing year following harvest. I identify the types of marketing environments leading to a greater concentration of equilibrium acreage planted to a particular grain variety near the market and investigate the effects of the marketing environment on the spatial patterns of equilibrium land allocation among grain varieties.
Interstellar medium properties and feedback in local AGN with the MAGNUM survey
Creators: name: Mingozzi, M.
name: Cresci, G.
name: Venturi, G.
name: Marconi, A.
name: Mannucci, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the interstellar medium (ISM) properties in the central regions of nearby Seyfert galaxies characterised by prominent conical or bi-conical outflows belonging to the MAGNUM survey by exploiting the unprecedented sensitivity, spatial and spectral coverage of the integral field spectrograph MUSE at the Very Large Telescope. We developed a novel approach based on the gas and stars kinematics to disentangle high-velocity gas in the outflow from gas in the disc to spatially track the differences in their ISM properties. This allowed us to reveal the presence of an ionisation structure within the extended outflows that can be interpreted with different photoionisation and shock conditions, and to trace tentative evidence of outflow-induced star formation (''positive'' feedback) in a galaxy of the sample, Centaurus A.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. To appear in Proceedings of IAU Symposium 359 (T. Storchi-Bergmann, R. Overzier, W. Forman & R. Riffel, eds.)