Notonectidae Latreille 1802
Creators: name: Santos, Suzane Evaristo Dos
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Couceiro, Sheyla Regina Marques
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Notonectidae

description: Key to genera and species of Notonectidae from Pará
(adapted from Barbosa et al. 2013a, 2013b; Moreira et al. 2018)
1a. Hemelytral commissure without setae-lined pit (Fig. 14A); male protibia without stridulatory comb; abdominal tergum 7 caudosinistral margin without spine....................................................................... 2
1b. Hemelytral commissure anteriorly with setae-lined pit (Fig. 26A); male protibia with stridulatory comb (Figs. 26G, 27A); abdominal tergum 7 caudosinistral margin with spine (Fig. 26B) (Buenoa Kirkaldy, 1904)........................... 3
2a (1a). Eyes contiguous posteromesally (Fig. 15A); clavus distal end with spine-like process (hemelytral process) (Figs. 16A–B, 17A–B, 18B–C, 19B–C, 20B, 21A–C, 22A, 23C–D, 24A–B); mesofemur without preapical spur (Martarega White, 1879).................................................................................................... 17
2b. Eyes separated (Fig. 14A); clavus distal end without spine-like process (Fig. 14A); mesofemur with preapical spur (Notonecta Linnaeus, 1758)..................................................................................... 25
3a (1b). Profemur without stridulatory area on mesal surface (Fig. 27A)................................................ 4
3b. Profemur with stridulatory area on mesal surface (Fig. 26G).................................................. 14
4a (3a). Mesal margin of protibia with apex projected (Fig. 26E)...................................................... 5
4b. Mesal margin of protibia with apex not projected (Fig. 26H)................................................... 7
5a (4a). Apex of mesal margin of protibia bluntly projected (Figs. 27A, 28A); lateral margin of mesotibia with lateral expansion (Fig. 27C); metafemur sinuous (Fig. 27D)...................................................................... 6
5b. Apex of mesal margin of protibia acute (Figs. 35A); lateral margin of mesotibia without expansion; metafemur not sinuous.............................................................................. Buenoa truxali Nieser, 1968
6a (5a). Tylus flat, pubescent (Fig. 27E); apex of right paramere straight (Fig. 27F).................................................................................................... Buenoa deplanatylus Barbosa & Nessimian, 2013
6b. Tylus rounded, glabrous (Fig. 28B); apex of right paramere rounded (Fig. 28C).............. Buenoa tibialis Truxal, 1957
7a (4b). Tylus inflated or, if not inflated, rounded and without lateral carinae (Figs. 33A, 34A, 38A,39A, 40A, 41A); protarsus tubular, thin, with claws not modified........................................................................... 8
7b. Tylus flat, with two lateral carinae (Fig. 36A); protarsus, notably basal segment, swollen, claws hooked (Fig. 36B)..................................................................................... Buenoa unguis Truxal, 1953
8a (7a). Synthlipsis narrow, one-fourth or less of anterior width of vertex; protrochanter without process on posterior margin; mesal margin of mesotibia not enlarged........................................................................ 9
8b. Synthlipsis wide, about one-half of anterior width of vertex; protrochanter with process on posterior margin (Fig. 37A); mesal margin of mesotibia enlarged (Fig. 37B)......................................... Buenoa fuscipennis (Berg, 1879)
9a (8a). Synthlipsis flat, without median keel; pronotum not impressed................................................ 10
9b. Synthlipsis with faint median keel; pronotum tricarinate.............................. Buenoa incompta Truxal, 1953
10a (9a). Synthlipsis very narrow, about one tenth of vertex width (Fig. 33A, 34A, 40A, 41A); without dark mark at costal margin of hemelytra; apex of profemur narrow (Fig. 33B, 34b, 40B, 41B)................................................ 11
10b. Synthlipsis wider, about one-fourth of vertex width (Fig. 39A); dark mark accompanying the costal margin of hemelytra and delimiting start of membrane; apex of profemur broad (Fig. 39B).................... Buenoa konta Nieser & Pelli, 1994
11a (10a). Body distinctly longer than 5.0 mm; frons narrow (Fig. 26C); apex of labial prong rounded (Figs. 33A, 34A, 41A)..... 12
11b. Body at most 4.0 mm long; frons wide (Fig. 26D); apex of labial prong sinuous (Fig. 40A).. Buenoa salutis Kirkaldy, 1904
12a (11a). Mesal surface of profemur not notched (Fig. 33B, 34B)................................................... 13
12b. Mesal surface of profemur notched apically (Fig. 41B)........................... Buenoa amnigenopsis Nieser, 1975
13a (12a). Labrum with tufts of setae on sides (Fig. 33A); protrochanter without projection on mesal surface; apex of profemur narrow (Fig. 33B); stridulatory comb of protibia with 24–30 teeth of similar size............... Buenoa amnigenus (White, 1879)
13b. Labrum with tufts of setae on ventral surface (Fig. 34A); protrochanter with triangular projection on mesal surface (Fig. 34B); apex of profemur robust; stridulatory comb of protibia with 20–22 teeth narrow at the base and widening toward apex............................................................................. Buenoa amnigenoidea Nieser, 1970
14a (3b). Labial prong originating distally on third labial article; tarsomere I of midleg with mesal margin continuous.......... 15
14b. Labial prong originating proximally on third labial article (Fig. 31A); tarsomere I of midleg with mesal margin distinctly emarginate (Fig. 31C).......................................................... Buenoa tarsalis Truxal, 1953
15a (14a). Pronotum tricarinate; stridulatory area of profemur with 11–23 ridges........................................ 16
15b. Pronotum not tricarinate; stridulatory area of profemur with less than 11 ridges (Fig. 32B).................................................................................................... Buenoa macrotrichia Truxal, 1953
16a (15a). Labial prong protruding anteriorly at base (Figs. 29A); pronotum length about 2.5 times head length; posterior margin of pronotum not or slightly excavated; profemur with 11–14 stridulatory ridges (Fig. 29B)...................................................................................................... Buenoa platycnemis (Fieber, 1851)
16b. Labial prong not protruding at base (Fig. 30A); pronotum length about 3 times head length; posterior margin of pronotum distinctly excavated; profemur with about 17 stridulatory ridges (Fig. 30B)............ Buenoa pallipes (Fabricius, 1803)
17a (2a). Males shorter than 4.3 mm; females shorter than 4.8 mm; hemelytron of both sexes with median stripe bifurcated near apex (Figs. 16A–B, 17A–B); ventral carina with setae on anteroventral and lateral surfaces (Fig.18D)..................... 18
17b. Males longer than 4.7 mm; females longer than 5.6 mm; hemelytron of both sexes with median stripe not bifurcated near apex or with stripe not located medially (Figs. 18B–C, 19B–C, 20B, 21A–B, 22A, 23C–D, 24A–B); ventral carina with setae only on lateral surface.................................................................................... 19
18a. (17a) Hemelytral process extending to apex of membrane in both sexes (16A–B); ventral surface of male mesotrochanter without group of ensiform setae.................................................. Martarega membranacea White, 1879
18b. Hemelytral process not extending to apex of membrane in both sexes (17A–B); ventral surface of male mesotrochanter with central group of ensiform setae (Fig. 17C–D)....................................... Martarega chinai Hynes, 1948
19a. (17b) Lateral margin of metatrochanter with apex truncate (Fig. 19A)............................................. 20
19b. Lateral margin of metatrochanter with apex not truncate (Fig. 20C)............................................ 22
20a. (19a) Male mesotrochanter with group of ensiform setae near lateral margin (19A); female abdomen constricted at posterior half (Figs. 18D)......................................................................................... 21
20b. Male mesotrochanter without group of ensiform setae (18A); female abdomen not constricted............................................................................................... Martarega hungerfordi Truxal, 1949
21a. (20a) Lateral margin of mesotrochanter without process in both sexes (18A); male mesofemur with only a few setae (18A); median stripe of female hemelytron with concavity at posterior margin (18C)........................................................................................ Martarega oriximinaensis Barbosa, Ribeiro & Ferreira Keppler, 2010
21b. Lateral margin of male mesotrochanter with rounded process (19A); lateral margin of male mesofemur distinctly setose (19A); median stripe of female hemelytron with parallel margins (Fig. 19C).. Martarega siolii Barbosa, Nessimian & Takiya, 2015
22a. (19b) Hemelytron mostly hyaline, with opaque stripes (21A–B, 22A); no sexual dimorphism on hemelytral stripes shape (21A– B, 22A); male mesotrochanter with small groups of ensiform setae on lateral margin (Fig. 21D); macropterous hemelytron brown............................................................................................. 23
22b. Hemelytron mostly opaque, with hyaline stripes (24C–D, 25A–B); sexual dimorphism on hemelytral stripes shape (24C–D, 25A–B); male mesotrochanter with thin setae centrally on ventral surface (Fig. 24B, 25C); macropterous hemelytron yellow................................................................................................... 24
23a. (22a) Hemelytron with a single opaque stripe along costal margin (Fig. 22A–B); male mesotrochanter with 3–4 groups of ensiform setae on lateral margin (Fig. 22D); left paramere three times as long as wide (Fig.22E)... Martarega gonostyla Truxal, 1949
23b. Hemelytron with short opaque stripe at basal third medially and another opaque stripe along costal margin (Fig.23A); male mesotrochanter with 1–2 groups of ensiform setae on lateral margin (Fig. 16B); left paramere at most twice as long as wide (Fig.23B)................................................................ Martarega williamsi Truxal, 1949
24a. (22b) Ventral surface of labium setose (23A); group of setae on male mesotrochanter with irregular shape (23B); hyaline stripe originating from base of brachypterous female hemelytral process slightly curved to straight (Fig. 23C)........................................................................................ Martarega brasiliensis Truxal, 1949
24b. Ventral surface of labium glabrous; group of setae on male mesotrochanter rounded, slightly tumid (24C); hyaline stripe originating from base of brachypterous female hemelytral process tectiform (Fig. 24B)......................................................................................... Martarega nessimiani Barbosa & Rodrigues, 2013
25a (2b). Anterior width of vertex a little less than four times synthlipsis width; male genital capsule with dorsocaudal margin pointed and two ventrocaudal protuberances; parameres not reaching dorsocaudal margin of male genital capsule (Fig. 25A)................................................................. Notonecta (Paranecta) disturbata Hungerford, 1926
25b. Anterior width of vertex about four times synthlipsis width; male genital capsule with dorsocaudal margin rounded and one ventrocaudal protuberance; parameres reaching dorsocaudal margin of male genital capsule (Fig. 25B).............................................................................. Notonecta (Paranecta) pulchra Hungerford, 1926
description: Published as part of Santos, Suzane Evaristo Dos, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo & Couceiro, Sheyla Regina Marques, 2025, Corixoidea and Notonectidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha) of Pará, Brazil, with new records from the western portion of the state, pp. 275-304 in Zootaxa 5627 (2) on pages 296-298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/15325988