cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Die fetale intratracheale Lungenflüssigkeitsdynamik
Creators: name: Kalache, Karim Djaffar
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Ultraschall
subject: Fetale Atembewegungen
subject: Doppler
subject: Fetus
subject: Fetal breathing movements
subject: Ultrasonography
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 33 Medizin
subject: YQ 2500

description: In dieser Arbeit werden die intratrachealen Doppler-Fluáparameter w?hrend der FAB bei 47 gesunden menschliche Feten im zweiten und dritten Trimenon analysiert. Die Dauer der Inspiration, die Dauer der Exspiration sowie die Atemfrequenz unterlagen zwischen den einzelnen Gruppen nur geringen Ver?nderungen. Wir konnten zwischen der 24. und der 35. SSW einen signifikanten Anstieg des medianen intratrachealen Fluávolumens w?hrend der regelm?áigen FAB mit zunehmendem Gestationsalter nachweisen. Das fetale Atemzugvolumen fiel dagegen nach der 36. SSW ab. Die Differenz zwischen dem inspiratorischen Fluávolumen und dem exspiratorischen zeigte einen interessanten Verlauf mit einer positiven Bilanz in den ersten vier Gruppen (20.-35. SSW) und eine negative Bilanz in der letzten Gruppe (36.-40. SSW). Dies k?nnte bedeuten, daá nach der 36. SSW w?hrend der ausgew?hlten Atemepisoden tendenziell mehr Fl?ssigkeit aus- als eingeatmet wurde. Unsere Untersuchungen zeigen, daá in den letzten Wochen vor der Geburt eine wichtige Umstellung der fetalen Ventilation stattfindet, die einen Abfall der Lungenfl?ssigkeit bewirkt. Ferner konnten wir zeigen, daá die Trachea beim Schafsfeten sonographisch darstellbar ist. Es konnte ferner gezeigt werden, daá die mittels hochaufl?sender Sonographie durchgef?hrten Trachealmessungen mit den pathologischen Messungen ?bereinstimmten.
description: Assessment of tracheal fluid flow was obtained in 47 healthy human fetuses (GA 20-40 weeks) in which FBM were seen by B-Mode scan. Color Doppler was applied to visualise the tracheal fluid flow, followed by spectral Doppler to record the velocity waveforms. The breathing rate, the inspiration and expiration time and the volume obtained by integration of the tracheal fluid flow displaced during fetal breathing were calculated. The fetal breathing rate was not different between the groups. Both the time of inspiration and expiration showed a significant increase at 24 weeks followed by a constant course until Term. The volume of tracheal fluid flow moved during inspiration (Vi) and expiration (Ve) increased until 35 weeks followed by a flattening until term suggesting either a reduction of lung liquid production or a diminished lung liquid volume. The median difference between Vi and Ve was positive in the first four age groups and negative in the last one, suggesting that mature fetuses have the tendency to expire more than to inspire. We furthermore showed that in the ovine fetus at mid-gestation shows that optimal views of the fetal trachea allowing accurate measurements can be obtained in almost all the cases.
An Asynchronous Early Output Full Adder and a Relative-Timed Ripple Carry Adder
Creators: name: Balasubramanian, P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article presents the design of a new asynchronous early output full adder which when cascaded leads to a relative-timed ripple carry adder (RCA). The relative-timed RCA requires imposing a very small relative-timing assumption to overcome the problem of gate orphans associated with internal carry propagation. The relative-timing assumption is however independent of the RCA size. The primary benefits of the relative-timed RCA are processing of valid data incurs data-dependent forward latency, while the processing of spacer involves a very fast constant time reverse latency of just 1 full adder delay which represents the ultimate in the design of an asynchronous RCA with the fastest reset. The secondary benefits of the relative-timed RCA are it achieves good optimization of power and area metrics simultaneously. A 32-bit relative-timed RCA constructed using the proposed early output full adder achieves respective reductions in forward latency by 67%, 10% and 3.5% compared to the optimized strong-indication, weak-indication, and early output 32-bit asynchronous RCAs existing in the literature. Based on a similar comparison, the proposed 32-bit relative-timed RCA achieves corresponding reductions in cycle time by 83%, 12.7% and 6.4%. In terms of area, the proposed 32-bit relative-timed RCA occupies 27% less Silicon than its optimized strong-indication counterpart and 17% less Silicon than its optimized weak-indication counterpart, and features increased area occupancy by a meager 1% compared to the optimized early output 32-bit asynchronous RCA. The average power dissipation of all the asynchronous 32-bit RCAs are found to be comparable since they all satisfy the monotonic cover constraint. The simulation results obtained correspond to a 32/28nm CMOS process.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1603.07962
Myokardrevaskularisation bei hochgradig eingeschränkter linksventrikulärer Funktion
Creators: name: Hausmann, Harald
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Genexpression
subject: Hibernation
subject: Aortokoronarer Bypass
subject: Stressechokardiografie
subject: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
subject: Dobutamine Echocardiography
subject: Gene Expression
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 33 Medizin
subject: YB 9500

description: Faktoren, die die funktionelle Erholung von hibernating myocardium nach aortokoronarem Venen Bypass (ACVB) beeinflussen, werden gegenwärtig untersucht. Von 3/2000 bis 3/2003 untersuchten wir prospektiv 41 Patienten mit einer linksventrikulären Ejektionsfraktion (LVEF)
description: Objectives: Factors that influence functional recovery of hibernating myocardium after coronary artery bypass grafting are at present under investigation. Methods: From 3/2000 to 3/2003 we prospectively analyzed 41 patients with ejection fraction (EF) 15% during DE in group I preoperatively; the increase was < 15% in group II. MRI hyperenhancement was measured with a mean of 16,7±11,6% of the left ventricle in group I compared to a mean of 27,4±14,4% in group II (p 19µm) in group I than in group II (< 17µm). Gene expression of pro-apoptotic genes such as BAK and BAX was lowered (0.5±0.1/0.8±0.1) compared to "normal" myocardium (1.0±0.1) (p
The systemic effects of a state psychiatric hospital waitlist policy on mental health services use
Creators: name: La, Elizabeth Marie Holdsworth
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: In response to state psychiatric hospital bed shortages nationally, many states have implemented waitlist policies in an effort to control patient admissions and avoid operating overcrowded treatment units. While these policies allow hospitals to care for patients in a safe manner, they do nothing to address the unmet need for inpatient care. As a result, people in psychiatric crises can experience substantial delays before being admitted to a state hospital. Uncertainties remain as to whether waitlists are affecting the mental health system in ways that are not yet documented in the literature. This dissertation used the experience of North Carolina to evaluate the systemic effects of waitlists on mental health services use. The first study used state hospital utilization data to determine possible internal effects of the policy on the number and case mix of admissions to state hospitals, as these hospitals were no longer able to operate over capacity and may have prioritized the sickest patients for admission from waitlists. The second and third studies used North Carolina Medicaid data to examine possible external effects of the policy on the frequency and length of stay of general hospital emergency department (ED) visits (statewide and regionally), as people who previously would have been admitted to state hospitals were forced to wait in communities until psychiatric beds became available. Results from the studies indicated that waitlists were associated with fewer state hospital admissions (overall and by people with SMI), but were not associated with changes in the monthly percent of admissions by people with SMI. Waitlists were also generally associated with small increases in the frequency and length of stay of ED visits among Medicaid enrollees with severe mental illness (SMI). These findings provide preliminary evidence that the external and internal effects of North Carolina's waitlist policies were limited. However, additional research is needed to determine whether results related to ED use extend to people who are uninsured or diagnosed with other behavioral health diagnoses. Further research is also needed to confirm that people previously cared for in state hospitals are receiving timely access to acute inpatient psychiatric care.
title: The Nature of K-12 Teacher Need Through 2050: A Demographic Investigation of the Teacher Shortage Crisis in the United States
Creators: name: Mullen, Rebecca M.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2008

description:
In this paper, I outlined research regarding a so-called "crisis" in K-12 education in the United States, which refers to an alleged shortage of teachers that is manifesting and will continue to manifest itself in the near future. I then used a modified version of the cohort component analysis to project the number of teachers needed to project the number of a) students who will be enrolled in public or private K-12 education in the united states, b) teachers needed to maintain the student to teacher ratio in the United States as of the year 2000, 16.0, by benchmark year through the study end date of 2050, and c) the number of teachers who will comprise the teacher population by benchmark year through the 2050 end date. I then used these statistics to determine the rise or fall in student teacher ratio for each benchmark year through the study end date of 2050.

Using my projection model, I determined that after a brief surplus of teachers in 2010, the increased need placed upon the teacher market by the growing number of students in the public and private educational system in the United States will outpace the growth in the number of available teachers in that market, causing a shortage in teachers that will not be resolved by the 2050 end year. I then discussed the phenomenon of women in the teaching profession, and possible implications of this teacher shortage for at risk groups such as English language learners (ELLS), special education students, minority groups, and those with low socioeconomic statuses. Recommendations for future research were also discussed.
STUDENTS, TEACHERS, AND PARENTS: URGENCY IMPLEMENTATION WATER ACTIVITY IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Creators: name: cahyati, suci
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Indonesia is a country where most of its territory is water. This main factor puts Indonesia as a country with high risk factors water accidents, drowning is one of the most dangerous and can cause death. This research aim to give information is that watersafety important and was implemented in school. This is a survey research. Surveys are conducted online using a closed questionnaire on the https://docs.google.com/forms domain. This study involved 3 subjects that are students, teachers PE, and parents. The samples used were 175 respondents there were 99 students, 45 teachers, and 31 parents. The survey results show 89% from 175 respondents choose yes, 2,1% from 175 respondents choose no, and 8,7% from 175 respondents choose possible.The results of this study indicate that students, teachers, and parents agree if the material of water activity is important to be implemented in the School. Watersafety must be implemented in school as an alternative to prevent drowning. The results of this survey can be used as preliminary data to conduct further research.
Topological Numbers and the Weyl Semimetal
Creators: name: Elbistan, Mahmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalized Dirac monopoles in momentum space are constructed in even d+1 dimensions from the Weyl Hamiltonian in terms of Green's functions. In 3+1 spacetime dimensions, the (unit) charge of the monopole is equal to both the winding number and the Chern number, expressed as the integral of the Berry curvature. Based on the equivalence of the Chern and winding numbers, a chirally coupled field theory action is proposed for the Weyl semimetal phase. At the one loop order, the effective action yields both the chiral magnetic effect and the anomalous Hall effect. The Chern number appears as a coefficient in the conductivity, thus emphasizes the role of topology. The anomalous contribution of chiral fermions to transport phenomena is reflected as the gauge anomaly with the topological term $(\bm{E}\cdot\bm{B})$. Relevance of monopoles and Chern numbers for the semiclassical chiral kinetic theory is also discussed.
description: 21 pages. Appendix added. Matches the published version. Sections on monopole construction are the corrected and extended version of the previous preprint arXiv:1406.5290
Essays in Health Economics
Creators: name: Lee, Hye Myung
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Unequal variations in healthcare resources across regions are an important area of research in health economics and health policy. This dissertation research focuses on assessing the geographic variations in healthcare resources and public policies and their effects on behaviors. By exploring the place effects on individuals’ behaviors in respect to the region-level policies and healthcare resources in Korea, this research aims to provide policy implications on closing the geographic gaps in healthcare resources and public policies and reducing spatial disparities and inequalities.
The utilization of case difficulty assessment when determining endodontic referral
Creators: name: Curry, Marcus C.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to address the effectiveness of the American Association of Endodontists Case Difficulty Assessment Form (AAECDAF) to determine whether a dentist would treat or refer an endodontic case. Specifically, our aims were to a. determine if practicing dentists utilized the AAECDAF to rate the difficulty of each case, and b. determine the practicing dentists' perceived importance of the conditions present on the AAECDAF. 1,434 dentists practicing in the USA completed a confidential, self-administered electronic survey via a secure website. 9.5% of respondents utilized the AAECDAF when determining the difficulty of an endodontic case. 30.5% of the conditions present on the AAECDAF were deemed to be mostly to critically important to practicing dentists when making a determination to treat or refer an endodontic case. However, those deemed to be critically important were previous endodontic access with complications, difficult diagnosis, resorption, and canals not visible on radiograph
Measurement uncertainty relations: characterising optimal error bounds for qubits
Creators: name: Bullock, Tom
name: Busch, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In standard formulations of the uncertainty principle, two fundamental features are typically cast as impossibility statements: two noncommuting observables cannot in general both be sharply defined (for the same state), nor can they be measured jointly. The pioneers of quantum mechanics were acutely aware and puzzled by this fact, and it motivated Heisenberg to seek a mitigation, which he formulated in his seminal paper of 1927. He provided intuitive arguments to show that the values of, say, the position and momentum of a particle can at least be unsharply defined, and they can be measured together provided some approximation errors are allowed. Only now, nine decades later, a working theory of approximate joint measurements is taking shape, leading to rigorous and experimentally testable formulations of associated error tradeoff relations. Here we briefly review this new development, explaining the concepts and steps taken in the construction of optimal joint approximations of pairs of incompatible observables. As a case study, we deduce measurement uncertainty relations for qubit observables using two distinct error measures. We provide an operational interpretation of the error bounds and discuss some of the first experimental tests of such relations.
description: Final published version (J Phys A Topical Review), including new figure and discussion
Norm Diffusion in International Food Aid Policy: Are the European Union and Other Rising Global Actors Replacing U.S. Dominance?
Creators: name: Cylus, Rachel
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: International relations

description: Since 1954 the United States has administered an international food aid program dependent on domestically grown agriculture shipped aboard US-flagged merchant marine vessels. As such, US food aid has been closely tied to the interests of the US government, rather than the needs of developing or crisis-ridden countries. As a norm entrepreneur, the US actively advocated for the creation of similar in-kind aid program in other countries throughout the 1960s and 70s. However, as the Cold War came to an end, newly empowered actors, such as the European Union, International Organizations, NGOs and Multinational Corporations began to question in-kind aid and propose new methods for dealing with global hunger and food crises. This paper will consider whether new food aid policies point to the rise of the EU as a new potential norm entrepreneur and why the US is rejecting or resisting these new norms.
Encoding of multiple depth streams
Creators: name: Kum, Sang-Uok
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: With advances in hardware, interests in systems for capturing,representing, and transmitting dynamic real world scenes have been growing. Examples of such systems include 3D immersive systems, tele-immersion video conferencing systems, 3D TV, and medical consultation and surgical training. These systems use multiple cameras for dynamic scene acquisition. One approach for scene acquisition is to use multiple video streams captured from varying viewpoints in order to form a dynamic light field and then to use image based rendering (IBR) techniques for generating virtual views of the scene. Another approach is to use the imagery from the multiple cameras to derive a 3D representation of the environment that is then transmitted with color. The dynamic light field approach handles complex scenes where 3D reconstruction would be difficult. Additionally, the captured video streams can be transmitted with little further processing, while deriving 3D information requires extensive processing before transmission.However, more cameras are needed for dynamic light fields since light fields need to be acquired more densely to be as effective. One common 3D representation for the dynamic environments is multiple depth streams- streams of images with color and depth per pixel. A large number of depth streams are needed to properly represent a dynamic scene. Without compression, multiple depth streams, even sparsely sampled, requires significant storage and transmission bandwidth. Fortunately, the strong spatial coherence between streams and temporal coherence between frames allows for an effective encoding of multiple depth streams. In this dissertation, I present an effective encoding algorithm for multiple depth streams that uses approximate per pixel depth information to predict color for each pixel.
Translation of the Guidelines for Conducting of Human Subjects Research in Behavioral Science, Social Sciences, and Humanities dated March 18, 2021
Creators: name: Bunyavejchewin, Poowin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 500107
subject: Professional ethics

description: Translation of the Guidelines for Conducting of Human Subjects Research in Behavioral Science, Social Sciences, and Humanities dated March 18, 2021 [Naeothang patibat nai kan damnoenkan wichai nai manut dan pharuetikam sat sangkhomsat lae manutsat chabap long wanthi 18 Minakhom phoso 2564]
 The Guidelines have been translated into English by the Translation Unit, Faculty of Arts, Chulalongkorn University. The translation was funded by Vejchewin Research Institute Pvt Ltd (Grant No. MISC-2022-1).
 This document has been translated from the Thai original for reference purposes only. In the event of any discrepancy between this translated document and the Thai original, the original shall prevail.
Near-Optimal Stochastic Approximation for Online Principal Component Estimation
Creators: name: Li, Chris Junchi
name: Wang, Mengdi
name: Liu, Han
name: Zhang, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Principal component analysis (PCA) has been a prominent tool for high-dimensional data analysis. Online algorithms that estimate the principal component by processing streaming data are of tremendous practical and theoretical interests. Despite its rich applications, theoretical convergence analysis remains largely open. In this paper, we cast online PCA into a stochastic nonconvex optimization problem, and we analyze the online PCA algorithm as a stochastic approximation iteration. The stochastic approximation iteration processes data points incrementally and maintains a running estimate of the principal component. We prove for the first time a nearly optimal finite-sample error bound for the online PCA algorithm. Under the subgaussian assumption, we show that the finite-sample error bound closely matches the minimax information lower bound.
description: Finalized version (bib and typos updated). To appear in Mathematical Programming
The governmentality of tropical forests and sustainable food systems, and possibilities for post-2020 sustainability governance
Creators: name: Smallwood, J. Miller
name: Delabre, I.
name: Vergara, S. Pinheiro
name: Rowhani, P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Continued conversion of tropical forests to agriculture risks jeopardising planetary integrity. The UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets to halt deforestation by 2020, alongside other global measures for zero deforestation, were not achieved. Applying a governmentality lens, we aim to better understand global governance mechanisms for tropical forests and sustainable food systems, and identify opportunities to improve them post 2020. We rely on data from global measures, institutions, and interviews with public and private actors working on tropical forest and food policy to undertake a discourse analysis of the (i) SDGs and other global measures on forests and food systems, (ii) contexts of the institutions studied, and (iii) implementation of global measures relating to forests and sustainable food systems. Our analysis reveals six discursive themes: (1) Policy framing of tropical forests – a token effort (2) Deceptive interlinkages, (3) Participation of the usual suspects, (4) Insufficient stakeholder representation, (5) Cleaning up supply chains and, (6) A green recovery. The themes show how the promotion and reproduction of neoliberal values of tropical forests consistently inhibit conservation, negatively impacting on planetary integrity. We identify opportunities to shift towards a new governmentality for informing international efforts on tackling tropical deforestation post-2020.
"Cold Reality in the Land of Fire": The Interrelations of Azerbaijan’s Natural Gas Export and Foreign Policy
Creators: name: Marosvari, Csaba
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Azerbaijan, a landlocked post-Soviet country since its independence has been trying to utilize its energy resources in its foreign policy. With production-sharing agreements with Western oil companies beginning with the 1994 signing of the Contract of the Century and the construction of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline Azerbaijan successfully opened up its energy sector for foreign investment and used pipelines to stabilize its economy and underpin its foreign policy. The discovery of the Shah Deniz gas field opened up new opportunities for Baku to buttress its foreign policy goals with the export of natural gas. In this Master's thesis I will evaluate and show the importance and significance of natural gas export in Azerbaijani foreign policy.
Inverse problems, non-roundness and flat pieces of the effective burning velocity from an inviscid quadratic Hamilton-Jacobi model
Creators: name: Jing, Wenjia
name: Tran, Hung Vinh
name: Yu, Yifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The main goal of this paper is to understand finer properties of the effective burning velocity from a combustion model introduced by Majda and Souganidis [19]. Motivated by results in [4] and applications in turbulent combustion, we show that when the dimension is two and the flow of the ambient fluid is either weak or very strong, the level set of the effective burning velocity has flat pieces. Due to the lack of an applicable Hopf-type rigidity result, we need to identify the exact location of at least one flat piece. Implications on the effective flame front and other related inverse type problems are also discussed.
description: updated version (22 pages)
Effect of particle morphology on performance of an electrostatic air–liquid interface cell exposure system for nanotoxicology studies
Creators: name: Hsiao, Ta-Chih
name: Chuang, Hsiao-Chi
name: Lin, Jing-Chi
name: Cheng, Tsun-Jen
name: Chou, Li-Ti
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Particle morphology can affect the performance of an electrostatic precipitator air–liquid interface (ESP-ALI) cell exposure system and the resulting cell toxicity. In this study, three types of monodisperse aerosols – spherical sucrose particles, nonspherical align soot aggregates, and nanosilver aggregates/agglomerates – were selected to evaluate the collection efficiency at flow rates ranging from 0.3 to 1.5 lpm. To quantify the particle morphology, the fractal dimensions (Df) of the tested aerosols were characterized. The penetration of fine particles (dp = 100–250 nm) under different operating conditions was correlated with a characteristic exponential curve using the dimensionless drift velocity (Vc/Vavg,r) as the scaling parameter. For nanoparticles (NPs, dp <100 nm) with different particle morphologies, the particle penetrations in the ESP-ALI were similar, but their diffusion losses were not negligible. In contrast, for fine particles, the collection efficiency of soot nanoaggregates (Df = 2.29) was higher than that of spherical sucrose particles. This difference might be due to the simultaneous influences of the electric field-induced and flow field-induced alignment. Furthermore, based on Zhibin and Guoquan’s Deutsch model, a quadratic equation was applied to fit the experimental data and to predict the performance of the ESP-ALI.
Amino-nanopolystyrene exposures of oyster (Crassostrea gigas) embryos induced no apparent intergenerational effects
Creators: name: Tallec, K.
name: Paul-Pont, I.
name: Petton, B.
name: Alunno-Bruscia, M.
name: Bourdon, C.
name: Bernardini, I.
name: Boulais, M.
name: Lambert, C.
name: Quéré, C.
name: Bideau, A.
name: Le Goïc, N.
name: Cassone, A.-L.
name: Le Grand, F.
name: Fabioux, C.
name: Soudant, P.
name: Huvet, A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Early life stages (ELS) of numerous marine invertebrates mustcope with man-made contaminants, including plastic debris, during their pelagic phase. Among the diversity of plastic particles, nano-sized debris, known as nanoplastics, can induce effects with severe outcomes in ELS of various biological models, including the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Here, we investigated the effects of a sub-lethal dose (0.1 µg mL−1) of 50 nm polystyrene nanobeads (nano-PS) with amine functions on oyster embryos (24 h exposure) and we assessed consequences on larval and adult performances over two generations of oysters. Only a few effects were observed. Lipid analyses revealed that first-generation (G1) embryos exposed to nano-PS displayed a relative increase in cardiolipin content (+9.7%), suggesting a potential modification of mitochondrial functioning. G1-larvae issued from exposed embryos showed decreases in larval growth (−9%) and lipid storage (−20%). No effect was observed at the G1 adult stage in terms of growth, ecophysiological parameters (clearance and respiration rates, absorption efficiency), or reproductive outputs (gonadic development, gamete quality). Second generation (G2) larvae issued from control G1 displayed a significant growth reduction after G2 embryonic exposure to nano-PS (−24%) compared to control (as observed at the first generation), while no intergenerational effect was detected on G2 larvae issued from G1 exposed embryos. Overall, the present experimental study suggests a low incidence of a short embryonic exposure to nano-PS on oyster phenotypes along the entire life cycle until the next larval generation.
Schrödinger's Cat: Where Does The Entanglement Come From?
Creators: name: Ionicioiu, Radu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Schrödinger's cat is one of the most striking paradoxes of quantum mechanics that reveals the counterintuitive aspects of the microscopic world. Here, I discuss the paradox in the framework of quantum information. Using a quantum networks formalism, I analyse the information flow between the atom and the cat. This reveals that the atom and the cat are connected only through a classical information channel: the detector clicks $\rightarrow$ the poison is released $\rightarrow$ the cat is killed. No amount of local operations and classical communication can entangle the atom and the cat, which are initially in a separable state. This casts a new light on the paradox.
An energy-efficient Datalogger based on open hardware; its use in a WSN for sensing environmental parameters
Creators: name: López, Emiliano
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: This work presents a practical implementation for an energy-efficient data logger aimed at real-time monitoring of environmental parameters. The hardware used to construct the data logger utilizes the open-source, mass-produced electronic Arduino platform. The power consumption was minimized by introducing a switch to save energy when the system is in sleep mode.
Toxicological effects of zinc oxide nanoparticle exposure: an in vitro comparison between dry aerosol air-liquid interface and submerged exposure systems
Creators: name: Lovén, Karin
name: Dobric, Julia
name: Bölükbas, Deniz A.
name: Kåredal, Monica
name: Tas, Sinem
name: Rissler, Jenny
name: Wagner, Darcy E.
name: Isaxon, Christina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are increasingly produced and used today, but health risks due to their occupational airborne exposure are incompletely understood. Traditionally, nanoparticle (NP) toxicity is tested by introducing NPs to cells through suspension in the growth media, but this does not mimic respiratory exposures. Different methods to introduce aerosolized NPs to cells cultured at the air-liquid-interface (ALI) have been developed, but require specialized equipment and are associated with higher cost and time. Therefore, it is important to determine whether aerosolized setups induce different cellular responses to NPs than traditional ones, which could provide new insights into toxicological responses of NP exposure. This study evaluates the response of human alveolar epithelial cells (A549) to zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs after dry aerosol exposure in the Nano Aerosol Chamber for In Vitro Toxicity (NACIVT) system as compared to conventional, suspension-based exposure: cells at ALI or submerged. Similar to other studies using nebulization of ZnO NPs, we found that dry aerosol exposure of ZnO NPs via the NACIVT system induced different cellular responses as compared to conventional methods. ZnO NPs delivered at 1.0 µg/cm2 in the NACIVT system, mimicking occupational exposure, induced significant increases in metabolic activity and release of the cytokines IL-8 and MCP-1, but no differences were observed using traditional exposures. While factors associated with the method of exposure, such as differing NP aggregation, may contribute toward the different cellular responses observed, our results further encourage the use of more physiologically realistic exposure systems for evaluating airborne ENM toxicity.
Shear and bulk acceleration viscosities in simple fluids
Creators: name: Renner, J.
name: Schmidt, M.
name: Heras, D. de las
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inhomogeneities in the velocity field of a moving fluid are dampened by the inherent viscous behaviour of the system. Both bulk and shear effects, related to the divergence and the curl of the velocity field, are relevant. On molecular time scales, beyond the Navier-Stokes description, memory plays an important role. We demonstrate here on the basis of molecular and overdamped Brownian dynamics many-body simulations that analogous viscous effects act on the acceleration field. This acceleration viscous behaviour is associated with the divergence and the curl of the acceleration field and it can be quantitatively described using simple exponentially decaying memory kernels. The simultaneous use of velocity and acceleration fields enables the description of fast dynamics on molecular scales.
Softer Development Paths: Assessing the Potential for Municipal Water Conservation To Forestall Supply Expansion Under Uncertainty
Creators: name: Royster, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: Environmental sciences
Water resources development--Management
Environmental economics

description: Population growth and economic development have put increasing strain on existing water supplies, driving the need for conservation efforts to reduce municipal demand growth. Conservation activities can forestall or eliminate the need for new water supplies that can be costly and environmentally burdensome, but can introduce financial challenges for utilities. This research compares demand management activities, from conservation pricing schemes to non-price measures, in terms of their ability to postpone a supply expansion for the City of Raleigh. Results suggest that modest conservation price increases can somewhat reduce the urgency associated with expanding water supplies; however, uncertainties in demand management associated with the demand elasticity and population growth translate into high customer costs and unpredictable utility revenues. Non-price conservation tactics may be used to reduce demand (though to a lesser extent) while posing fewer risks to water utilities and can be successfully combined with price-based tactics to further reduce demand.
Characterizing the effects of titanium dioxide and silver nanoparticles released from painted surfaces due to weathering on zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Creators: name: Mittal, Krittika
name: Rahim, Arshath Abdul
name: George, Saji
name: Ghoshal, Subhasis
name: Basu, Niladri
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: Silver (nAg) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2) are common engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) added into paint for their antimicrobial and whitening properties, respectively. Weathering of outdoor painted surfaces can release such ENPs, though little is known about the potential effects of released ENPs on aquatic species. The objective of this study was to characterize the toxicity of nAg and nTiO2 released from painted panels using fish liver cells (CRL2643) and zebrafish embryos (OECD 236 embryotoxicity test). Cells and embryos were exposed to suspensions of pristine nAg or nTiO2, panels (unpainted or painted with nAg or nTiO2) or base paint, after sonication. Cell viability and gene expression were assessed using resazurin assay and qPCR, respectively, while embryo mortality and deformities were scored visually via microscopic examination. In the cell studies, both paint-released nanoparticles did not affect viability, but paint-released nAg resulted in differential expression of a few genes including gclc and ncf1. In embryos, paint-released nAg increased mortality and incidence of deformities, whereas paint-released nTiO2 resulted in differential expression of several genes including gclc, ncf1, txnrd1, gpx1b, and cyp1c1 but without major phenotypic abnormalities. Comparing the two types of exposures, paint-released exposures affected both molecular (gene expression) and apical (embryotoxicity) endpoints, while pristine exposures affected the expression of some genes but had no apical effects. The differing effects of paint-released and pristine nanoparticle exposures suggest that further research is needed to further understand how paint coatings (and the products of their weathering and aging) may influence nanoparticle toxicity to aquatic organisms.
Non-Markovianity of geometrical qudit decoherence
Creators: name: Siudzińska, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the following paper, we generalize the geometrical framework of qubit decoherence to higher dimensions. The quantum mixed state is represented by the probability distribution, which is the Kähler function on the projective Hilbert space. The Markovian master equation for density operators turns out to be equivalent to the Fokker-Planck equation for quantum probability distributions. Several examples are analyzed, featuring different generalizations of the Pauli channel.
description: 10 pages
On Time Correlations for KPZ Growth in One Dimension
Creators: name: Ferrari, Patrik L.
name: Spohn, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Time correlations for KPZ growth in 1+1 dimensions are reconsidered. We discuss flat, curved, and stationary initial conditions and are interested in the covariance of the height as a function of time at a fixed point on the substrate. In each case the power laws of the covariance for short and long times are obtained. They are derived from a variational problem involving two independent Airy processes. For stationary initial conditions we derive an exact formula for the stationary covariance with two approaches: (1) the variational problem and (2) deriving the covariance of the time-integrated current at the origin for the corresponding driven lattice gas. In the stationary case we also derive the l arge time behavior for the covariance of the height gradients.
Bifurcation set of multi-parameter families of complex curves
Creators: name: Joita, Cezar
name: Tibar, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D06, 58K05, 57R45, 14P10, 32S20, 58K15

description: The problem of detecting the bifurcation set of polynomial mappings $\mathbb{ C}^m \to \mathbb{ C}^k$, $m\ge 2$, $m\ge k\ge 1$, has been solved in the case $m=2$, $k=1$ only. Its solution, which goes back to the 1970s, involves the non-constancy of the Euler characteristic of fibres. We provide a complete answer to the general case $m= k+1 \ge 3$ in terms of the Betti numbers of fibres and of a vanishing phenomenon discovered in the late 1990s in the real setting.
description: same content, small corrections, new presentation. Accepted by the Journal of Topology
Periphere Blutstammzellen
Creators: name: Schwella, Nimrod
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Hämatopoetische Stamm- und Vorläuferzellen
subject: Mobilisation und Separation
subject: Hochdosischemotherapie
subject: Autologe Transplantation
subject: hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells
subject: mobilization and collection
subject: high-dose chemotherapy
subject: autologous transplantation
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 33 Medizin
subject: XH 8050

description: Bei Patienten mit Keimzelltumoren werden Mobilisation und Separation peripherer Blut-stammzellen durch das Alter, die zytostatische Vorbehandlung und Art der Mobilisations-chemotherapie statistisch signifikant beeinfluát. Der beste pr diktive Parameter f r die gesammelten Stamm- und Vorl uferzellen ist die Anzahl der peripheren CD34+ Zellen, die am Tag der Leukapherese im Blutkreislauf zirkulieren. F r die Rekonstitution der Granulo- und Thrombozytopoese nach Hochdosischemotherapie ist die Dosis der trans-fundierten CD34+ Zellen von signifikantem Wert. Bei der Transplantation von mehr als 2,5 x 10 hoch 6 CD34+ Zellen/kg kann mit einer schnellen und sicheren Regeneration der H matopoese, einem niedrigeren Bedarf an Antibiotika, Erythrozyten- und Thrombozy-tenkonzentraten sowie einem k rzeren Krankenhausaufenthalt gerechnet werden.
description: In patients with germ cell cancer the mobilization and collection of peripheral blood progenitor cells are significantly influenced by patient's age, cytotoxic pretreatment and the mobilization chemotherapy used. The best predictive factor for harvested progenitor cells is the number of CD34+ cells circulating in the peripheral blood on the day of leukapheresis. The dose of transfused CD34+ cells has a significant impact on the reconstitution of granulocytes and platelets after high-dose chemotherapy. Transplantation of more than 2,5 x 10 to the power of 6 CD34+ cells/kg results in a rapid and safe regeneration of hematopoiesis, less antibiotics and transfusion requirements (red blood cell and platelet concentrates) and a shorter hospital stay.
The Impacts of Health Impact Assessment: A Review of 54 Health Impact Assessments, 2007-2012
Creators: name: Singleton-Baldrey, Lisa
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: Increasing rates of chronic disease and mortality across the United States have prompted public health officials and others to call for increased use of health impact assessment (HIA) to inform policies projects, plans, and programs in domains outside the health-care sector. This project reviewed 54 HIAs to determine whether they used quantitative health risk assessment methods and whether they affected decision-making. The impacts on decision-making were determined from a survey of HIA practitioners and publicly available documents and were categorized using a novel classification system. This research indicates that HIAs are impacting decision-making in the United States to varying degrees. HIAs rarely provide quantitative estimates of health outcomes, though survey results suggest that HIA practitioners believe quantitative assessments would increase the potential for impacts on decision-making.
Quasisymmetric and noncommutative skew Pieri rules
Creators: name: Tewari, Vasu
name: van Willigenburg, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05E05, 16T05, 16W55, Secondary 05A05, 05E10

description: In this note we derive skew Pieri rules in the spirit of Assaf-McNamara for skew quasisymmetric Schur functions using the Hopf algebraic techniques of Lam-Lauve-Sottile, and recover the original rules of Assaf-McNamara as a special case. We then apply these techniques a second time to obtain skew Pieri rules for skew noncommutative Schur functions.
description: 18 pages, final version to appear in Adv. in Appl. Math