cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quasiparticle states in superconducting superlattices
Creators: name: Vanevic, Mihajlo
name: Radovic, Zoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy bands and the global density of states are computed for superconductor / normal-metal superlattices in the clean limit. Dispersion relations are derived for the general case of insulating interfaces, including the mismatch of Fermi velocities and effective band masses. We focus on the influence of finite interface transparency and compare our results with those for transparent superlattices and trilayers. Analogously to the rapid variation on the atomic scale of the energy dispersion with layer thicknesses in transparent superlattices, we find strong oscillations of the almost flat energy bands (transmission resonances) in the case of finite transparency. In small-period transparent superlattices the BCS coherence peak disappears and a similar subgap peak is formed due to the Andreev process. With decreasing interface transparency the characteristic double peak structure in the global density of states develops towards a gapless BCS-like result in the tunnel limit. This effect can be used as a reliable STM probe for interface transparency.
description: published version
[Class elicitation session]
Creators: name: Mukacha, Andrew
name: Bothfeld, Sarah
name: Faytak, Matthew
name: Granados, Alejandro
name: Hyman, Larry M.
name: Lei, Justin
name: Minas, Emil
name: Morales, Mark
name: Rolle, Nicholas
name: Schultz, Donald
name: Spingeld, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: Lulamogi language

description: Lexical and grammatical elicitation
title: Traffic Accident Rates in Kentucky
title: (1983)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Salsman, John M.
name: Agent, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: In this study, two types of accident rates were determined. First, accident rates were calculated based on 1983 data. Secondly, the 1983 data were combined with the 1980, 1981, and 1982 data to calculate long-term accident statistics to reflect a four-year average.  Comparison of 1983 to combined 1980 through 1982 rates show that the rates have remained remarkedly stable. Several methods of classifying highways were used when determining average rates. Average and critical accident rates were calculated for use in the high-accident location identification program. Also, average and critical numbers of accidents were determined.
Non-linear dynamic of rotor-stator system with non-linear bearing clearance
Creators: name: Sinou, Jean-Jacques
name: Thouverez, Fabrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study deals with a rotor-stator contact inducing vibration in rotating machinery. A numerical rotor-stator system, including a non-linear bearing with Hertz contact and clearance is considered. To determine the non-linear responses of this system, non-linear dynamic equations can be integrated numerically. However, this procedure is both time consuming and costly to perform. The aim of this Note is to apply the Alternate Frequency/Time Method and the 'path following continuation' in order to obtain the non-linear responses to this problem. Then the orbits of rotor and stator responses at various speeds are investigated.
title: Skálanes
Creators: name: Petursson, O
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2024

description: This study focuses on Skálanes, an independent field centre and conservation site in East Iceland, as a case study set within a framework of successful modern eco-pragmatic sustainability transitions. It addresses complex environmental problems and the realities of applied research in a transdisciplinary action research context through the lens of a retroactively framed living lab. Using pragmatism as the underlying philosophy, and autoethnography as the key methodological framework, the study examines the three classic sustainability pillars of environment, economy, and society and provides the following outputs of: (1) a locally calibrated environmentally focused food consumption system at Skálanes, (2) a modernistic conservation policy in the Anthropocene and a philosophical conservation manifesto applicable for Skálanes and Iceland (3). It also includes (4) a founding director's narrative with analysis and reflections on the process of evolution of small-scale rural independent conservation niche enterprise. The results of the study are ambiguous, complex, and unorthodox, which is not surprising given that environmental and sustainability concerns seldom have simple solutions. Its conclusions encourage moderation, cooperation, and dialogue and proposes transdisciplinary approaches with optimistic pragmatism as a guiding philosophy. The study's relevance lies in the fact that very few living labs worldwide have had funding or operation for such a long time-span as Skálanes, making its story and impact relevant to sustainability research in the 21st Century.
On (Cosmological) Singularity Avoidance in Loop Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Brunnemann, Johannes
name: Thiemann, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC), mainly due to Bojowald, is not the cosmological sector of Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG). Rather, LQC consists of a truncation of the phase space of classical General Relativity to spatially homogeneous situations which is then quantized by the methods of LQG. Thus, LQC is a quantum mechanical toy model (finite number of degrees of freedom) for LQG(a genuine QFT with an infinite number of degrees of freedom) which provides important consistency checks. However, it is a non trivial question whether the predictions of LQC are robust after switching on the inhomogeneous fluctuations present in full LQG. Two of the most spectacular findings of LQC are that 1. the inverse scale factor is bounded from above on zero volume eigenstates which hints at the avoidance of the local curvature singularity and 2. that the Quantum Einstein Equations are non -- singular which hints at the avoidance of the global initial singularity. We display the result of a calculation for LQG which proves that the (analogon of the) inverse scale factor, while densely defined, is {\it not} bounded from above on zero volume eigenstates. Thus, in full LQG, if curvature singularity avoidance is realized, then not in this simple way. In fact, it turns out that the boundedness of the inverse scale factor is neither necessary nor sufficient for curvature singularity avoidance and that non -- singular evolution equations are neither necessary nor sufficient for initial singularity avoidance because none of these criteria are formulated in terms of observable quantities.After outlining what would be required, we present the results of a calculation for LQG which could be a first indication that our criteria at least for curvature singularity avoidance are satisfied in LQG.
description: 34 pages, 16 figures
Fly Ash Stabilized Bases in Kentucky
Creators: name: Sharpe, Gary W.
name: Epley, Larry
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: With the escalating costs of materials and construction for highways and streets, many agencies charged with the responsibility of designing and constructing highways are utilizing byproduct stabilized (pozzolanic) materials. Low-strength (pozzolanic) materials have been used fairly extensively in some areas of the United States as well as abroad. In general, pozzolanic materials have been used to stabilize an aggregate base or subbase by addition of fly ash and a source of lime to develop a cementitious reaction. Additionally, portland cement or cement kiln dust have been used to stabilize aggregate subbase and (or) base materials.  Until recently, the use of stabilized materials in highway and street construction in Kentucky was not often economically competitive with abundant supplies of high-quality aggregates. However, as costs of production and processing aggregate materials have increased, so has the feasibility of stabilized bases, and particularly pozzolanic base materials.  Mixtures that have been considered recently and evaluated to some degree include the following:  Lime kiln dust, fly ash, and dense-graded aggregate;  Byproduct lime and dense-graded aggregate;  Lime kiln dust, fly ash, dense-graded aggregate, and sand;  Lime kiln dust, fly ash, and limestone mine screenings (waste material from limestone quarrying operations); and  "Scrubber sludge," quicklime, and dense-graded aggregate or pond ash.  Pozzolanic base or subbase materials have been utilized on an experimental basis for a number of Lexington, Kentucky, street projects. Two projects for the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet also are being evaluated. Thus, performance experience currently is limited, but at the same time evolutionary.
Dating individual quasars with the HeII proximity effect
Creators: name: Worseck, Gábor
name: Khrykin, Ilya S.
name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Farina, Emanuele Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constraints on the time-scales of quasar activity are key to understanding the formation and growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs), quasar triggering mechanisms, and possible feedback effects on their host galaxies. However, observational estimates of this so-called quasar lifetime are highly uncertain (t_Q~10^4-10^9 yr), because most methods are indirect and involve many model-dependent assumptions. Direct evidence of earlier activity is gained from the higher ionization state of the intergalactic medium (IGM) in the quasar environs, observable as enhanced Ly$α$ transmission in the so-called proximity zone. Due to the ~30 Myr equilibration time-scale of HeII in the z~3 IGM, the size of the HeII proximity zone depends on the time the quasar had been active before our observation t_on30 Myr that does not depend on quasar luminosity, black hole mass, or Eddington ratio. These results point to episodic quasar activity over a long duty cycle, but do not rule out substantial SMBH growth during phases of radiative inefficiency or obscuration.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Microwave-Induced Dephasing in One-Dimensional Metal Wires
Creators: name: Wei, J.
name: Pereverzev, S.
name: Gershenson, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the effect of monochromatic microwave (MW) radiation on the weak localization corrections to the conductivity of quasi-one-dimensional (1D) silver wires. Due to the improved electron cooling in the wires, the MW-induced dephasing was observed without a concomitant overheating of electrons over wide ranges of the MW power $P_{MW}$ and frequency $f$. The observed dependences of the conductivity and MW-induced dephasing rate on $P_{MW}$ and $f$ are in agreement with the theory by Altshuler, Aronov, and Khmelnitsky \cite{Alt81}. Our results suggest that in the low-temperature experiments with 1D wires, saturation of the temperature dependence of the dephasing time can be caused by an MW electromagnetic noise with a sub-pW power.
description: 4 pages with 4 figures, paper revised, accepted by Phys Rev Lett
Information theoretic network approach to socioeconomic correlations
Creators: name: Kirkley, Alec
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to its wide reaching implications for everything from identifying hotspots of income inequality to political redistricting, there is a rich body of literature across the sciences quantifying spatial patterns in socioeconomic data. In particular, the variability of indicators relevant to social and economic well-being between localized populations is of great interest, as it pertains to the spatial manifestations of inequality and segregation. However, heterogeneity in population density, sensitivity of statistical analyses to spatial aggregation, and the importance of pre-drawn political boundaries for policy intervention may decrease the efficacy and relevance of existing methods for analyzing spatial socioeconomic data. Additionally, these measures commonly lack either a framework for comparing results for qualitative and quantitative data on the same scale, or a mechanism for generalization to multi-region correlations. To mitigate these issues associated with traditional spatial measures, here we view local deviations in socioeconomic variables from a topological lens rather than a spatial one, and use a novel information theoretic network approach based on the Generalized Jensen Shannon Divergence to distinguish distributional quantities across adjacent regions. We apply our methodology in a series of experiments to study the network of neighboring census tracts in the continental US, quantifying the decay in two-point distributional correlations across the network, examining the county-level socioeconomic disparities induced from the aggregation of tracts, and constructing an algorithm for the division of a city into homogeneous clusters. These results provide a new framework for analyzing the variation of attributes across regional populations, and shed light on new, universal patterns in socioeconomic attributes.
Problem Identification for Highway Safety Plan
Creators: name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Agent, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: An annual highway safety program is proposed each year for the State of Kentucky in order to comply with Section 402, Title 23 of the United States Code. This program includes the identification, programming, budgeting, and evaluation of safety projects. This report is the sixth in a series of annual reports which have been prepared as the problem identification portion of Kentucky's Annual Highway Safety Plan.  In the past, the approach to problem identification has been to identify problem areas in the 18 highway safety program areas (standards). While the search for problems in each of these standard areas will continue, certain program areas were identified for emphasis. The result was an analysis of 12 problem areas, with emphasis on alcohol and occupant protection. Recommendations were made for programs which could serve as countermeasures for the highway safety problems identified and for studies to develop and evaluate such programs.
Traffic Trends and Their Relationship to Highway-Use Revenues
Creators: name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Vaziri, Manouchehr
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: With increasing concerns about the present level of highway funding, this study was initiated to investigate historical trends and to develop predictive methodologies for considering alternatives available for increasing highway revenues. Emphasis was placed on historical trends, and a data base of highway-related and socio-economic variables were prepared to document the relationship between these variables and highway-user revenues. A historical file of 37 variables was prepared for the period 1964 through 1984.  As a means of investigating future alternatives that will affect highway-user revenues, a series of nine equations or models were developed that represented historical data. Input data necessary for the models were personal income in 1972 constant dollars, the price of motor fuel, motor fuel taxation rates, and motor vehicle fuel economy.  These models provided logical and reasonable relationships, and the statistical data generally indicated high levels of correlation as represented by R-squares. An effort was made to develop models that were policy-sensitive such that future scenarios could be investigated. Using the series of nine models, forecasts of highway-user revenues were made for the years 1990 through 2005. This was an attempt to demonstrate use of the models for investigating the influence of policy-sensitive variables on revenues. Scenarios investigated were the following: 1) variations in fuel price and fuel tax, 2) increasing fuel economy, 3) variations in usage tax rate, and 4) registration fees increases. Examples showing the impact of future alternatives indicated several possible sources of increased highway-user revenues.
An asteroseismic test of diffusion theory in white dwarfs
Creators: name: Metcalfe, T. S.
name: Nather, R. E.
name: Watson, T. K.
name: Kim, S. -L.
name: Park, B. -G.
name: Handler, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The helium-atmosphere (DB) white dwarfs are commonly thought to be the descendants of the hotter PG1159 stars, which initially have uniform He/C/O atmospheres. In this evolutionary scenario, diffusion builds a pure He surface layer which gradually thickens as the star cools. In the temperature range of the pulsating DB white dwarfs (T_eff ~ 25,000 K) this transformation is still taking place, allowing asteroseismic tests of the theory. We have obtained dual-site observations of the pulsating DB star CBS114, to complement existing observations of the slightly cooler star GD358. We recover the 7 independent pulsation modes that were previously known, and we discover 4 new ones to provide additional constraints on the models. We perform objective global fitting of our updated double-layered envelope models to both sets of observations, leading to determinations of the envelope masses and pure He surface layers that qualitatively agree with the expectations of diffusion theory. These results provide new asteroseismic evidence supporting one of the central assumptions of spectral evolution theory, linking the DB white dwarfs to PG1159 stars.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Internet of Underwater Things and Big Marine Data Analytics -- A Comprehensive Survey
Creators: name: Jahanbakht, Mohammad
name: Xiang, Wei
name: Hanzo, Lajos
name: Azghadi, Mostafa Rahimi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) is an emerging communication ecosystem developed for connecting underwater objects in maritime and underwater environments. The IoUT technology is intricately linked with intelligent boats and ships, smart shores and oceans, automatic marine transportations, positioning and navigation, underwater exploration, disaster prediction and prevention, as well as with intelligent monitoring and security. The IoUT has an influence at various scales ranging from a small scientific observatory, to a midsized harbor, and to covering global oceanic trade. The network architecture of IoUT is intrinsically heterogeneous and should be sufficiently resilient to operate in harsh environments. This creates major challenges in terms of underwater communications, whilst relying on limited energy resources. Additionally, the volume, velocity, and variety of data produced by sensors, hydrophones, and cameras in IoUT is enormous, giving rise to the concept of Big Marine Data (BMD), which has its own processing challenges. Hence, conventional data processing techniques will falter, and bespoke Machine Learning (ML) solutions have to be employed for automatically learning the specific BMD behavior and features facilitating knowledge extraction and decision support. The motivation of this paper is to comprehensively survey the IoUT, BMD, and their synthesis. It also aims for exploring the nexus of BMD with ML. We set out from underwater data collection and then discuss the family of IoUT data communication techniques with an emphasis on the state-of-the-art research challenges. We then review the suite of ML solutions suitable for BMD handling and analytics. We treat the subject deductively from an educational perspective, critically appraising the material surveyed.
description: 54 pages, 11 figures, 19 tables, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, peer-reviewed academic journal
Sansepolcro and its astronomical orientation
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
name: Dastrù, Lidia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Archaeoastronomy
subject: Astronomical Software

description: Here we discuss the layout of Sansepolcro in Tuscany. It seems that it is based on an orientation according to the sunrise on winter solstice. It is also interesting to observe that the Cathedral has a specific astronomical orientation too. It is aligned along the southernmost direction of the moonrise on a minor lunar standstill.
Identifying Mislabeled Images in Supervised Learning Utilizing Autoencoder
Creators: name: Yang, Yunhao
name: Whinston, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supervised learning is based on the assumption that the ground truth in the training data is accurate. However, this may not be guaranteed in real-world settings. Inaccurate training data will result in some unexpected predictions. In image classification, incorrect labels may cause the classification model to be inaccurate as well. In this paper, I am going to apply unsupervised techniques to the training data before training the classification network. A convolutional autoencoder is applied to encode and reconstruct images. The encoder will project the image data on to latent space. In the latent space, image features are preserved in a lower dimension. The assumption is that data samples with similar features are likely to have the same label. Noised samples can be classified in the latent space by the Density-Base Scan (DBSCAN) clustering algorithm. These incorrectly labeled data are visualized as outliers in the latent space. Therefore, the outliers identified by the DBSCAN algorithm can be classified as incorrectly labeled samples. After the outliers are detected, all the outliers are treated as mislabeled data samples and removed from the dataset. Thus the training data can be directly used in training the supervised learning network. The algorithm can detect and remove above 67\% of mislabeled data in the experimental dataset.
description: UTCS Tech Report: Honors Thesis. 12 pages, 11 figures
Transport and Energy
Creators: name: Susilo, Yusak
name: Bogacz, Martyna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: transport
alternative power
green house gas
emission
multimodal
automation
transport digitalisation
energy

description: An increase in world population, together with growing urbanization and mobility led to a substantial increase in energy demand in the transportation sector, accounting for approximately 25% of world energy use. Within industry, road transport is the largest contributor, followed by air, maritime and rail transport. While in other sectors the energy use is decreasing and/or gets more efficient, in transport, which primarily relies on fossil fuels, the progress is both - much slower and strongly related to other issues such as spatial opportunities, personal and cultural values, or technological development.
The impact of CoRoT on close binary research
Creators: name: Maceroni, Carla
name: Ribas, Ignasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The space experiment CoRoT will provide continuous monitoring and high accuracy light curves of about sixty thousand stars. Selected binary systems will be observed in the Additional Program frame as targets of long and continuous pointed observations. Moreover, thousands of new binaries will certainly be detected and hundreds of them will have extremely accurate light curves. This will allow studies of fine effects on the light curves, monitoring of stellar activity and, in combination with ground-based observations, will provide exquisite determination of stellar parameters. Among the new discoveries of interesting systems of special value will be those of low mass binaries.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, contribution to "Colse binaries in the 21th century", Syros (Greece), June 2005. To be published by Ap&SS
Impact Evaluation of the Traffic Alcohol Program in Lexington, Kentucky
Creators: name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Agent, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This report is an evaluation of increased police enforcement to reduce alcohol-related accidents in Lexington-Fayette County, Kentucky. Three types of data were coIlected as a means of evaluating the Traffic Alcohol Program; accident data, arrest and adjudication data, and cost-effectiveness data.  Results from before-and-after comparisons and time-series analysis show alcohol related accidents decreased significantly during the study period. When comparing two years before with three years during the increased enforcement, the percent reduction in alcohol-related accidents was 28.1 percent using standard before and after analysis and 29.1 percent using time-series analysis. During the same time period, alcohol related fatal or injury accidents decreased 26.7 percent.  Arrests have averaged 3,686 per year for the three years of increased enforcement as compared to 929 the year before. The DUI conviction rate has remained at approximately 90 percent throughout the program.  Based on costs associated with the program (enforcement, jail costs, and court costs) and benefits (reduced accident costs, fines for DUI, and fines for other offenses); the benefit-cost ratio was 3.71.
Astromers: Nuclear Isomers in Astrophysics
Creators: name: Misch, G. Wendell
name: Ghorui, Surja K.
name: Banerjee, Projjwal
name: Sun, Yang
name: Mumpower, Matthew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a method to compute thermally-mediated transition rates between the ground state and long-lived isomers in nuclei. We also establish criteria delimiting a thermalization temperature above which a nucleus may be considered a single species and below which it must be treated as two separate species: a ground state species, and an astrophysical isomer ("astromer") species. Below the thermalization temperature, the destruction rates dominate the internal transition rates between the ground state and the isomer. If the destruction rates also differ greatly from one another, the nuclear levels fall out of or fail to reach thermal equilibrium. Without thermal equilibrium, there may not be a safe assumption about the distribution of occupation probability among the nuclear levels when computing nuclear reaction rates. In these conditions, the isomer has astrophysical consequences and should be treated a separate astromer species which evolves separately from the ground state in a nucleosynthesis network. We apply our transition rate methods and perform sensitivity studies on a few well-known astromers. We also study transitions in several other isomers of likely astrophysical interest.
description: Accepted to ApJS, see eventual published article for data. 23 pages, 21 figures
The influence of cracks in rotating shafts
Creators: name: Sinou, Jean-Jacques
name: Lees, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the influence of transverse cracks in a rotating shaft is analysed. The paper addresses the two distinct issues of the changes in modal properties and the influence of crack breathing on dynamic response during operation. Moreover, the evolution of the orbit of a cracked rotor near half of the first resonance frequency is investigated. The results provide a possible basis for an on-line monitoring system. In order to conduct this study, the dynamic response of a rotor with a breathing crack is evaluated by using the alternate frequency/time domain approach. It is shown that this method evaluates the nonlinear behaviour of the rotor system rapidly and efficiently by modelling the breathing crack with a truncated Fourier series. The dynamic response obtained by applying this method is compared with that evaluated through numerical integration. The resulting orbit during transient operation is presented and some distinguishing features of a cracked rotor are examined.
Unboundedness of Triad -- Like Operators in Loop Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Brunnemann, Johannes
name: Thiemann, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we deliver the proofs for the claims, made in a companion paper, concerning the avoidance of cosmological curvature singularities in in full Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG).
description: 57 pages, 19 figures
Gesichtspunkte zur Durchführung eines Forums über Gerechtigkeit, Frieden und Bewahrung der Schöpfung
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 36 Nr. 3 (1987): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 36, Heft 3
The distances of short-hard GRBs and the SGR connection
Creators: name: Nakar, Ehud
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Piran, Tsvi
name: Fox, Derek B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search for nearby (D<100 Mpc) galaxies in the error boxes of six well-localized short-hard gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). None of the six error boxes reveals the presence of a plausible nearby host galaxy. This allows us to set lower limits on the distances and, hence, the isotropic-equivalent energy of these GRBs. Our lower limits are around $1 \times 10^{49}$ erg (at $2σ$ confidence level); as a consequence, some of the short-hard GRBs we examine would have been detected by BATSE out to distances greater than 1 Gpc and therefore constitute a bona fide cosmological population. Our search is partially motivated by the December 27, 2004 hypergiant flare from SGR 1806-20, and the intriguing possibility that short-hard GRBs are extragalactic events of a similar nature. Such events would be detectable with BATSE to a distance of \~50 Mpc, and their detection rate should be comparable to the actual BATSE detection rate of short-hard GRBs. The failure of our search, by contrast, suggests that such flares constitute less than 15% of the short-hard GRBs (<40% at 95% confidence). We discuss possible resolutions of this discrepancy.
description: Enlarged sample of bursts; ApJ in press
Østfold University College CoARA Action Plan
Creators: name: Norsted, Kristian Sandbekk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Østfold University College (ØUC) signed the Agreement on Reforming Research Assessment on 11 November 2022. This document is an action plan that specifies how ØUC will meet the agreement’s core commitments within its stipulated timeframe.
Filling factors and scale heights of the DIG in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Berkhuijsen, E. M.
name: Mitra, D.
name: Mueller, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The combination of dispersion measures of pulsars, distances from the model of Cordes and Lazio (2002) and emission measures from the WHAM survey enabled a statistical study of electron densities and filling factors of the diffuse ionized gas (DIG) in the Milky Way. The emission measures were corrected for absorption and contributions from beyond the pulsar distance. For a sample of 157 pulsars at |b| > 5 degrees, mainly located in interarm regions within about 3 kpc from the Sun, we find that: (1) The average volume filling factor along the line of sight is inversely proportional to the mean electron density in clouds. (2) The average volume filling factor increases towards larger distances from the Galactic plane. (3) The local volume filling factor may reach a maximum near |z| = 0.9 kpc, whereas the local electron density continues to decrease at higher |z|, thus causing the observed flattening in the distribution of dispersion measures perpendicular to the plane above this height. (4) The scale heights of the electron density, the volume filling factor and the emission measure are the same and in the range 250-500 pc.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in AN
ELT instrumentation for seeing-limited and AO-corrected observations: A comparison
Creators: name: Cunningham, Colin
name: Evans, Chris
name: Monnet, Guy
name: Louarn, Miska Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next generation of large ground-based optical and infrared telescopes will provide new challenges for designers of astronomical instrumentation. The varied science cases for these extremely large telescopes (ELTs) require a large range of angular resolutions, from near diffraction-limited performance via correction of atmospheric turbulence using adaptive optics (AO), to seeing-limited observations. Moreover, the scientific output of the telescopes must also be optimized with the consideration that, with current technology, AO is relatively ineffective at visible wavelengths, and that atmospheric conditions will often preclude high-performance AO. This paper explores some of the issues that arise when designing ELT instrumentation that operates across a range of angular resolutions and wavelengths. We show that instruments designed for seeing-limited or seeing-enhanced observations have particular challenges in terms of size and mass, while diffraction-limited instruments are not as straightforward as might be imagined.
description: 8 pages, to appear in the SPIE proceedings "ELTs: Which Wavelengths?", from the Lund Symposium on occasion of Arne Ardeberg's retirement
Model and Data Reduction for Data Assimilation: Particle Filters Employing Projected Forecasts and Data with Application to a Shallow Water Model
Creators: name: Albarakati, Aishah
name: Budišić, Marko
name: Crocker, Rose
name: Glass-Klaiber, Juniper
name: Iams, Sarah
name: Maclean, John
name: Marshall, Noah
name: Roberts, Colin
name: Van Vleck, Erik S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65C20, 62-08, 86-08, 62M20

description: The understanding of nonlinear, high dimensional flows, e.g, atmospheric and ocean flows, is critical to address the impacts of global climate change. Data Assimilation techniques combine physical models and observational data, often in a Bayesian framework, to predict the future state of the model and the uncertainty in this prediction. Inherent in these systems are noise (Gaussian and non-Gaussian), nonlinearity, and high dimensionality that pose challenges to making accurate predictions. To address these issues we investigate the use of both model and data dimension reduction based on techniques including Assimilation in Unstable Subspaces, Proper Orthogonal Decomposition, and Dynamic Mode Decomposition. Algorithms that take advantage of projected physical and data models may be combined with Data Analysis techniques such as Ensemble Kalman Filter and Particle Filter variants. The projected Data Assimilation techniques are developed for the optimal proposal particle filter and applied to the Lorenz'96 and Shallow Water Equations to test the efficacy of our techniques in high dimensional, nonlinear systems.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables To appear in Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 2021,ISSN 0898-1221
Efficient on-chip source of microwave photon pairs in superconducting circuit QED
Creators: name: Marquardt, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a scheme for the efficient generation of microwave photon pairs by parametric downconversion in a superconducting transmission line resonator coupled to a Cooper pair box serving as an artificial atom. By properly tuning the first three levels with respect to the cavity modes, the down-conversion probability may become higher than in the most efficient schemes for optical photons. We show this by numerically simulating the dissipative quantum dynamics of the coupled cavity-box system and discuss the effects of dephasing and relaxation. The setup analyzed here might form the basis for a future on-chip source of entangled microwave photons.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Doping the chiral spin liquid -- topological superconductor or chiral metal?
Creators: name: Song, Xue-Yang
name: Vishwanath, Ashvin
name: Zhang, Ya-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that there are two different chiral spin liquid states on the triangular lattice and discuss the conducting states that are expected on doping them. These states labeled CS1 and CS2 are associated with two distinct topological orders with different edge states, although they both spontaneously break time reversal symmetry and exhibit the same quantized spin Hall conductance. While CSL1 is related to the Kalmeyer-Laughlin state, CSL2 is the $ν=4$ member of Kitaev's 16 fold way classification. Both states are described within the Abrikosov fermion representation of spins, and the effect of doping can be accessed by introducing charged holons. On doping CSL2, condensation of charged holons leads to a topological d+id superconductor. However on doping CSL1 , in sharp contrast , two different scenarios can arise: first, if holons condense, a chiral metal with doubled unit cell and finite Hall conductivity is obtained. However, in a second novel scenario, the internal magnetic flux adjusts with doping and holons form a bosonic integer quantum Hall (BIQH) state. Remarkably, the latter phase is identical to a $d+id$ superconductor. In this case the Mott insulator to superconductor transition is associated with a bosonic variant of the integer quantum Hall plateau transition for the holon. We connect the above two scenarios to two recent numerical studies of doped chiral spin liquids on triangular lattice. Our work clarifies the complex relation between topological superconductors, chiral spin liquids and quantum criticality .
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, added App F on spin liquid to superconductor transition and corrected typos
CoARA Action Plan Laurea University of Applied Sciences 2023
Creators: name: Vuolteenaho, Mari
name: Päivärinne, Tiina
name: Juvonen, Sanna
name: Kelkka, Tiina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: coara
research evaluation
researcher evaluation
university of applied sciences

description: CoARA Action Plan for Laurea University of Applied Sciences. First version, December 2023.
[Small-group elicitation sessions]
Creators: name: Mukacha, Andrew
name: Bothfeld, Sarah
name: Granados, Alejandro
name: Minas, Emil
name: Schultz, Donald
name: Hyman, Larry M.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: Lulamogi language

description: Grammatical elicitation
Die Bedeutung ökumenischer Flüchtlingshilfe für den Weg des Ökumenischen Rates der Kirchen, [1]
Creators: name: Puffert, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 36 Nr. 3 (1987): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 36, Heft 3
Generalized Lomb-Scargle analysis of $\rm{^{123}I}$ and $\rm{^{99m}Tc}$ decay rate measurements
Creators: name: Gururajan, Gautham
name: Desai, Shantanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the generalized Lomb-Scargle periodogram to the $\rm{^{123}I}$ and $\rm{^{99m}Tc}$ decay rate measurements based on data taken at the Bronson Methodist Hospital. The aim of this exercise was to carry out an independent search for sinusoidal modulation for these radionuclei (to complement the analysis in Borrello et al) at frequencies for which other radionuclei have shown periodicities. We do not find evidence for such a modulation at any frequencies, including annual modulation or at frequencies associated with solar rotation. Our analysis codes and datasets have been made publicly available.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in EPJC
Comparison of Contained Rock Asphalt Mat (CRAM) with Conventional Asphaltic Concrete Pavements
Creators: name: Southgate, Herbert F.
name: Allen, David L.
name: Deen, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: A brochure proposing the use of "Contained Rock Asphalt Mat" (CRAM) provided a comparison of stress distributions throughout a CRAM structure (Figure 1) as compared to a conventional pavement (Figure 2). Experience has indicated that stress distributions do not always present the most sensitive or appropriate analysis of a pavement structure. Distributions of strains, and more particularly "work", are better indicators of load distributions throughout a pavement structure and subsequent performance.
title: Nieużytki w zabudowie obszaru starych miast Poznania i Kołobrzegu – problemy i potencjały
Creators: name: Brechelke, Adrianna
name: Kasperczyk-Brodecka, Zuzanna
Publisher: name: Publishing House of Poznan University of Technology
Year: 2023

description: Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Architektura, Urbanistyka, Architektura Wnętrz, 15, 85-108
Spectral microscopic mechanisms and quantum phase transitions in a 1D correlated problem
Creators: name: Carmelo, J. M. P.
name: Penc, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the dominant microscopic processes that generate nearly the whole one-electron removal and addition spectral weight of the one-dimensional Hubbard model for all values of the on-site repulsion $U$. We find that for the doped Mott-Hubbard insulator there is a competition between the microscopic processes that generate the one-electron upper-Hubbard band spectral-weight distributions of the Mott-Hubbard insulating phase and finite-doping-concentration metallic phase, respectively. The spectral-weight distributions generated by the non-perturbative processes studied here are shown elsewhere to agree quantitatively for the whole momentum and energy bandwidth with the peak dispersions observed by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy in quasi-one-dimensional compounds.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
Parity violation and new physics in superconductors
Creators: name: Hong, Deog Ki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method, using the Andreev reflection at superconductors, to measure parity violation induced by the standard electroweak theory, which in turn constrains the possible parity-violating effects of new physics. The weak neutral currents induce parity-violating, marginal effective operators, though quite tiny, in superconductors. We estimate their effects on superconducting gaps and propose a method to measure the parity-violation from the spin polarization effect, when electrons or holes get Andreev-reflected at the interface between normal metal and a superconductor. Such polarization effects might be comparable to the atomic parity violation and thus naturally give an interesting bound on certain models of new physics, that couples to electrons, such as Majorana mass of active neutrinos or doubly charged Higgs.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. v2: minor changes, to appear in Physics Letters B
Early modified gravity in light of the $H_0$ tension and LSS data
Creators: name: Braglia, Matteo
name: Ballardini, Mario
name: Finelli, Fabio
name: Koyama, Kazuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model of Early Modified Gravity (EMG) consisting in a scalar field $σ$ with a non-minimal coupling to the Ricci curvature of the type $M^2_{\rm pl}+ξσ^2$ plus a cosmological constant and a small effective mass and demonstrate its ability to alleviate the $H_0$ tension while providing a good fit to Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) data. In this model the scalar field, frozen deep in the radiation era, grows around the redshift of matter-radiation equality because of the coupling to non-relativistic matter. The small effective mass, which we consider here as induced by a quartic potential, then damps the scalar field into coherent oscillations around its minimum at $σ=0$, leading to a weaker gravitational strength at early times and naturally recovering the consistency with laboratory and Solar System tests of gravity. We analyze the capability of EMG with positive $ξ$ to fit current cosmological observations and compare our results to the case without an effective mass and to the popular early dark energy models with $ξ=0$. We show that EMG with a quartic coupling of the order of $λ\sim\mathcal{O}({\rm eV}^4/M_{\rm pl}^4)$ can substantially alleviate the $H_0$ tension also when the full shape of the matter power spectrum is included in the fit in addition to CMB and Supernovae (SN) data.
description: 32 pages, 11 figures; v2, 26 pages, 11 figures, minor changes, accepted for publication in PRD