cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Detection of Star Formation in the Unusually Cold Giant Molecular Cloud G216
Creators: name: Megeath, S. T.
name: Allgaier, E.
name: Young, E.
name: Allen, T.
name: Pipher, J. L.
name: Wilson, T. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The giant molecular cloud G216-2.5, also known as Maddalena's cloud or the Maddalena-Thaddeus cloud, is distinguished by an unusual combination of high gas mass (1-6 x 10^5) solar masses, low kinetic temperatures (10 K), and the lack of bright far infrared emission. Although star formation has been detected in neighboring satellite clouds, little evidence for star formation has been found in the main body of this cloud. Using a combination of mid-infrared observations with the IRAC and MIPS instruments onboard the Spitzer space telescope, and near-IR images taken with the Flamingos camera on the KPNO 2.1-meter, we identify a population of 41 young stars with disks and 33 protostars in the center of the cloud. Most of the young stellar objects are coincident with a filamentary structure of dense gas detected in CS (2-1). These observations show that the main body of G216 is actively forming stars, although at a low stellar density comparable to that found in the Taurus cloud.
description: Accepted to AJ. Full electronic version at: http://astro1.physics.utoledo.edu/~megeath/mt_stm.pdf tables on http://astro1.physics.utoledo.edu/~megeath/mt_stm_table.pdf
Performance evaluation of Private and Public Blockchains for multi-cloud service federation
Creators: name: Zahir, Adam
name: Groshev, Milan
name: Antevski, Kiril
name: Bernardos, Carlos J.
name: Ayimba, Constantine
name: de la Oliva, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The stringent low-latency, high reliability, availability and resilience requirements of 6G use cases will present challenges to cloud providers. Currently, cloud providers lack simple, efficient, and secure implementation of provisioning solutions that meet these challenges. Multi-cloud federation is a promising approach. In this paper, we evaluate the application of private and public blockchain networks for multi-cloud federation. We compare the performance of blockchain-based federation in private and public blockchain networks and their integration with a production-ready orchestration solution. Our results show that the public blockchain needs approximately 91 seconds to complete the federation procedure compared to the 48 seconds in the private blockchain scenario.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, conference
title: The Inhibitory Effects of Tarweed Upon the Germination and Growth of Seedlings
Creators: name: Carnahan, Glenn F.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1960

description: Extensive areas of potentially productive but depleted range land in the United States are occupied by a weed commonly known aa cluster tarweed (Madia glomerata). Moat attempts at seeding these areas to useful forage plants have resulted in failure. Many of these failures have been attributed to the vigorous competitive growth of tarweed plants. More recent observations of seedings in tarweed areas and laboratory work at the University of Utah indicate that tarweed is not only a strong competitor but may also produce substances which inhibit the germination and growth of other species of plants.
Spin-injection Hall effect in a planar photovoltaic cell
Creators: name: Wunderlich, J.
name: Irvine, A. C.
name: Sinova, Jairo
name: Park, B. G.
name: Xu, X. L.
name: Kaestner, B.
name: Novak, V.
name: Jungwirth, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Successful incorporation of the spin degree of freedom in semiconductor technology requires the development of a new paradigm allowing for a scalable, non-destructive electrical detection of the spin-polarization of injected charge carriers as they propagate along the semiconducting channel. In this paper we report the observation of a spin-injection Hall effect (SIHE) which exploits the quantum-relativistic nature of spin-charge transport and which meets all these key requirements on the spin detection. The two-dimensional electron-hole gas photo-voltaic cell we designed to observe the SIHE allows us to develop a quantitative microscopic theory of the phenomenon and to demonstrate its direct application in optoelectronics. We report an experimental realization of a non-magnetic spin-photovoltaic effect via the SIHE, rendering our device an electrical polarimeter which directly converts the degree of circular polarization of light to a voltage signal.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Polistes versicolor (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), an Introduced Wasp in the Galapagos Islands: Its Life Cycle and Ecological Impact
Creators: name: Parent, CE
name: Peck, SB
name: Causton, CE
name: Roque-Albelo, L
name: Lester, Philip
name: Bulgarella, Mariana
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Zoology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The yellow paper wasp, Polistes versicolor (Olivier) was first recorded in the Galapagos archipelago in 1988. Its life cycle and ecological impacts were studied on two islands 11 yr after it was first discovered. This invasive wasp adapted quickly and was found in most environments. Colony counts and adult wasp monitoring showed a strong preference for drier habitats. Nest activities were seasonally synchronized, nest building followed the rains in the hot season (typically January-May), when insect prey increases, and peaked as temperature and rains started to decline. Next, the number of adult wasps peaked during the cool season when there is barely any rain in the drier zones. In Galapagos, almost half of the prey loads of P. versicolor were lepidopteran larvae, but wasps also carried spiders, beetles, and flies back to the colonies. An estimated average of 329 mg of fresh insect prey was consumed per day for an average colony of 120-150 wasp larvae. The wasps preyed upon native and introduced insects, but likely also affect insectivorous vertebrates as competitors for food. Wasps may also compete with native pollinators as they regularly visited flowers to collect nectar, and have been recorded visiting at least 93 plant species in Galapagos, including 66 endemic and native plants. Colonies were attacked by a predatory moth, Taygete sphecophila (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Autostichidae), but colony development was not arrested. High wasp numbers also affect the activities of residents and tourists. A management program for this invasive species in the archipelago is essential.
Supplementary document for Terahertz-slicing — an all-optical synchronization for 4th generation light sources - 5813785.pdf
Creators: name: Chen, Min
name: Oliveira, Thales
name: Ilyakov, Igor
name: Nörenberg, Tobias
name: Kuschewski, Frederik
name: Deinert, Jan
name: Awari, Nilesh
name: Ponomaryov, Alexey
name: KUNTZSCH, Michael
name: Kehr, Susanne
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Autocorrelation plots of the THz-sliced pulses, Analysics of the achieved signal-to-noise levels, residual timing jitter analysis, reference EOS measurements without THz-slicing, additonal data on HHG Spectroscopy
Post-inflationary axions: a minimal target for axion haloscopes
Creators: name: Gorghetto, Marco
name: Hardy, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An axion-like-particle (ALP) in the post-inflationary scenario with domain wall number $N>1$ can be dark matter if the residual $\mathbb{Z}_N$ symmetry has a small explicit breaking. Although we cannot determine the full dynamics of the system reliably, we provide evidence that such an ALP can account for the observed dark matter abundance while having a relatively small decay constant and consequently a possibly large coupling to photons. In particular, we determine the number of domain walls per Hubble patch around the time when they form using numerical simulations and combine this with analytic expectations about the subsequent dynamics. We show that the strongest constraint on the decay constant is likely to come from the dark matter ALPs being produced with large isocurvature fluctuations at small spatial scales. We also comment on the uncertainties on the dark matter small-scale structure that might form from these overdensities, in particular pointing out the importance of quantum pressure in the $N=1$ case.
description: 20 pages + appendices
Incoherent interaction of nematicons in bias-free liquid-crystal cells
Creators: name: Izdebskaya, Yana
name: Shvedov, Vlad
name: Desyatnikov, Anton
name: Kivshar, Yuri
name: Krolikowski, Wieslaw
name: Assanto, Gaetano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study experimentally the propagation dynamics and interaction of a pair of mutually incoherent nematicons: spatial optical solitons in nematic liquid crystals. In contrast to earlier studies, we consider a bias-free liquid-crystal cell and compare the soliton interaction in copropagating and counterpropagating geometries. We analyze the dependence of nematicon interaction on input power and observe a direct manifestation of a long-range nonlocal nonlinearity. Attraction of counterpropagating solitons requires higher powers and longer relaxation times than that of copropagating nematicons due to losses-induced power asymmetry of counterpropagating nematicons.
description: 5 pages, z figures
A Study on the Inductance and Thermal Regression and Optimization for Automatic Layout Design of Power Modules
Creators: name: Parque, Victor
name: Nakamura, Aiki
name: Miyashita, Tomoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Power modules with excellent inductance and temperature metrics are significant to meet the rising sophistication of energy demand in new technologies. In this paper, we use a surrogate-based approach to render optimal layouts of power modules with feasible and attractive inductance-temperature ratios at low computational budget. In particular, we use the class of feedforward networks to estimate the surrogate relationships between power module layout-design variables and inductance-temperature factors rendered from simulations; and Differential Evolution algorithms to optimize and locate feasible layout configurations of power module substrates minimizing inductance and temperature ratios. Our findings suggest the desirable classes of feedforward networks and gradient-free optimization algorithms being able to estimate and optimize power module layouts efficiently and effectively.
description: Paper presented at 2023 IEEE CPMT Symposium Japan (ICSJ)
Integrable discretizations for the short wave model of the Camassa-Holm equation
Creators: name: Feng, Bao-Feng
name: Maruno, Ken-ichi
name: Ohta, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The link between the short wave model of the Camassa-Holm equation (SCHE) and bilinear equations of the two-dimensional Toda lattice (2DTL) is clarified. The parametric form of N-cuspon solution of the SCHE in Casorati determinant is then given. Based on the above finding, integrable semi-discrete and full-discrete analogues of the SCHE are constructed. The determinant solutions of both semi-discrete and fully discrete analogues of the SCHE are also presented.
Niching Genetic Programming to Learn Actions for Deep Reinforcement Learning in Dynamic Flexible Scheduling
Creators: name: Xu, Meng
name: Mei, Yi
name: Zhang, Fangfang
name: Zhang, Mengjie
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4602
subject: Artificial intelligence
classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences
classificationCode: 4605
subject: Data management and data science

description: Dynamic Flexible Job Shop Scheduling (DFJSS) is a critical combinatorial optimisation problem known for its dynamic nature and flexibility of machines. Traditional scheduling methods face limitations in adapting to such dynamic and flexible environments. Recently, there has been a trend in employing reinforcement learning (RL) to train scheduling agents for selecting manual scheduling heuristics at various decision points for DFJSS. However, the effectiveness of RL is constrained by the limited efficacy of the manually designed scheduling heuristics. Additionally, the process of manually designing diverse scheduling heuristics as the actions demands significant expert knowledge. In response, this paper proposes a Niching genetic programming (GP)-assisted RL method that leverages the evolutionary capabilities of GP to help RL solve the DFJSS problem effectively. Specifically, instead of using those manual scheduling heuristics, the RL actions are replaced with scheduling heuristics evolved by the Niching GP to optimise and adapt these heuristics based on real-time feedback from the environment. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison to the widely used manual scheduling heuristics and the baseline deep RL method. Further analyses reveal that the effectiveness of the proposed method is due to the behavioral differences among heuristics learned by the Niching GP, serving as actions for the RL. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm benefits from the comparable percentages of contributions made by these learned heuristics throughout the long-term scheduling process.
First-principles study of ground state properties and high pressure behavior of ThO2
Creators: name: Wang, Baotian
name: Shi, Hongliang
name: Li, Weidong
name: Zhang, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanical properties, electronic structure and phonon dispersion of ground state ThO$_{2}$ as well as the structure behavior up to 240 GPa are studied by using first-principles density-functional theory. Our calculated elastic constants indicate that both the ground state fluorite structure and high pressure cotunnite structure of ThO$_{2}$ are mechanically stable. The bulk modulus, shear modulus, and Young's modulus of cotunnite ThO$_{2}$ are all smaller by approximately 25% compared with those of fluorite ThO$_{2}$. The Poisson's ratios of both structures are approximately equal to 0.3 and the hardness of fluorite ThO$_{2}$ is 27.33 GPa. The electronic structure and bonding nature of fluorite ThO$_{2}$ are fully analyzed, which show that the Th-O bond displays a mixed ionic/covalent character. The valence of Th and O ions in fluorite ThO$_{2}$ can be represented as Th$^{3.834+}$ and O$^{0.452-}$. The phase transition from the fluorite to cotunnite structure is calculated to be at the pressure of 26.5 GPa, consistent with recent experimental measurement by Idiri \emph{et al}. \cite{Idiri}. For the cotunnite phase it is further predicted that an isostructural transition takes place in the pressure region of 80 to 130 GPa.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Relativistic Conformal Magneto-Hydrodynamics from Holography
Creators: name: Buchbinder, Evgeny I.
name: Buchel, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the AdS/CFT correspondence to study first-order relativistic viscous magneto-hydrodynamics of (2+1) dimensional conformal magnetic fluids. It is shown that the first order magneto-hydrodynamics constructed following Landau and Lifshitz from the positivity of the entropy production is inconsistent. We propose additional contributions to the entropy motivated dissipative current and, correspondingly, new dissipative transport coefficients. We use the strongly coupled M2-brane plasma in external magnetic field to show that the new magneto-hydrodynamics leads to self-consistent results in the shear and sound wave channels.
description: 11 pages
Torus geometry eigenfunctions of an interacting multi-Landau level Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Anand, Abhishek
name: Pu, Songyang
name: Sreejith, G J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A short-ranged, rotationally symmetric multi-Landau-level model Hamiltonian for strongly interacting electrons in a magnetic field was proposed [A. Anand et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 136601 (2021)] with the key feature that it allows exact many-body eigenfunctions on the disk not just for quasiholes but for all charged and neutral excitations of the entire Jain sequence filling fractions. We extend this to geometries without full rotational symmetry, namely the torus and cylinder geometries, and present their spectra. Exact diagonalization of the interaction on the torus produces the low-energy spectra at filling fraction $ν=n/(2pn+1)$ that is identical, up to a topological $(2pn+1)$-fold multiplicity, to that of the integer quantum Hall spectra at $ν=n$, for the incompressible state as well as all excitations. While the ansatz eigenfunctions in the disk geometry cannot be generalized to closed geometries such as torus or sphere, we show how to extend them to cylinder geometry. Meanwhile, we show eigenfunctions for charged excitations at filling fractions between $\frac{1}{3}$ and $\frac{2}{5}$ can be written on the torus and the spherical geometries.
Determinants and influences of infant spatial relationships with adult males in a wild primate: a mechanism for intergenerational transmission of early adversity?
Creators: name: Southworth, Chelsea A.
name: Archie, Elizabeth A
name: Zipple, Matthew N.
name: Clinton, Stefanie P.
name: Alberts, Susan C.
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: From the Special Issue: Program of the 90th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists.
Berry curvature dipole and nonlinear Hall effect in two-dimensional Nb$_{2n+1}$Si$_n$Te$_{4n+2}$
Creators: name: Zhao, Yiwei
name: Cao, Jin
name: Zhang, Zeying
name: Li, Si
name: Li, Yan
name: Ma, Fei
name: Yang, Shengyuan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have demonstrated interesting physics in a family of two-dimensional (2D) composition-tunable materials Nb$_{2n+1}$Si$_n$Te$_{4n+2}$. Here, we show that owing to its intrinsic low symmetry, metallic nature, tunable composition, and ambient stability, these materials offer a good platform for studying Berry curvature dipole (BCD) and nonlinear Hall effect. Using first-principles calculations, we find that BCD exhibits pronounced peaks in monolayer Nb$_{3}$SiTe$_{6}$ ($n=1$ case). Its magnitude decreases monotonically with $n$ and completely vanishes in the $n\rightarrow\infty$ limit. This variation manifests a special hidden dimensional crossover of the low-energy electronic states in this system. The resulting nonlinear Hall response from BCD in these materials is discussed. Our work reveals pronounced geometric quantities and nonlinear transport physics in Nb$_{2n+1}$Si$_n$Te$_{4n+2}$ family materials, which should be readily detected in experiment.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures and 1 table
title: A Survey of Inventory Systems of Auto Wrecking Yards in Northern Utah
Creators: name: Taylor, William Lee
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1967

description: A survey of inventory systems was made of 15 randomly selected auto wrecking yards in northern Utah. The specific objectives were to determine what methods auto wrecking yards were using to keep track of their inventory, to determine the mangers' feelings toward inventory control and improvement of their present systems, and to determine the effectiveness of these systems in providing management information. This information was obtained through a questionnaire interview with managers of the yards sampled. The questionnaire was developed by the author using yards outside the sample area to pilot test and help develop the questionnaire.
Results of this survey showed a continuum of systems ranging from the use of memory only up to an elaborate card sort system was being used in inventory control. All managers felt that inventory control was very important and that their present systems could be improved. Time was the limiting factor given for not making needed improvements. Only 60 percent of the mangers were keeping some form of written record. The management information provided by these records consisted mostly of physical information relating to the part available and the condition of these parts. Thirty percent of the managers had a record of capital invested and only 20 percent knew the cost of holding inventory in their yards.
From this survey it was concluded that the majority of the inventory systems were inadequate when compared with the objectives of inventory control. More accurate cost information is needed to calculate and evaluate the profitability of the firm (return on invested capital).
Room temperature ferromagnetism in carbon-implanted ZnO
Creators: name: Zhou, Shengqiang
name: Xu, Qingyu
name: Potzger, Kay
name: Talut, Georg
name: Groetzschel, Rainer
name: Fassbender, Juergen
name: Vinnichenko, Mykola
name: Grenzer, Joerg
name: Helm, Manfred
name: Hochmuth, Holger
name: Lorenz, Michael
name: Grundmann, Marius
name: Schmidt, Heidemarie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unexpected ferromagnetism has been observed in carbon doped ZnO films grown by pulsed laser deposition [Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 127201 (2007)]. In this letter, we introduce carbon into ZnO films by ion implantation. Room temperature ferromagnetism has been observed. Our analysis demonstrates that (1) C-doped ferromagnetic ZnO can be achieved by an alternative method, i.e. ion implantation, and (2) the chemical involvement of carbon in the ferromagnetism is indirectly proven.
description: 13 pages, 3 figs, accepted for publication at Appl. Phys. Lett
Third-and-a-half order post-Newtonian equations of motion for relativistic compact binaries using the strong field point particle limit
Creators: name: Itoh, Yousuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report our rederivation of the equations of motion for relativistic compact binaries through the third-and-a-half post-Newtonian (3.5 PN) order approximation to general relativity using the strong field point particle limit to describe self-gravitating stars instead of the Dirac delta functional. The computation is done in harmonic coordinates. Our equations of motion describe the orbital motion of the binary consisting of spherically symmetric non-rotating stars. The resulting equations of motion fully agree with the 3.5 PN equations of motion derived in the previous works. We also show that the locally defined energy of the star has a simple relation with its mass up to the 3.5 PN order.
description: 38 pages, no figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Inflating Hot Jupiters With Ohmic Dissipation
Creators: name: Batygin, Konstantin
name: Stevenson, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new, magnetohydrodynamic mechanism for inflation of close-in giant extrasolar planets. The idea behind the mechanism is that current, which is induced through interaction of atmospheric winds and the planetary magnetic field, results in significant Ohmic dissipation of energy in the interior. We develop an analytical model for computation of interior Ohmic dissipation, with a simplified treatment of the atmosphere. We apply our model to HD209458b, Tres-4b and HD189733b. With conservative assumptions for wind speed and field strength, our model predicts a generated power that appears to be large enough to maintain the transit radii, opening an unexplored avenue towards solving a decade-old puzzle of extrasolar gas giant radius anomalies.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Submitted to Astrophysical Journal Letters
False Onsager relations
Creators: name: Campisi, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent research suggests that when a system has a "false time reversal violation" the Onsager reciprocity relations hold despite the presence of a magnetic field. The purpose of this work is to clarify that the Onsager relations may well be violated in presence of a "false time reversal violation": that rather guarantees the validity of distinct relations, which we dub "false Onsager relations". We also point out that for quantum systems "false time reversal violation" is omnipresent and comment that, per se, this has in general no consequence in regard to the validity of Onsager relations, or the more general non-equilibrium fluctuation relations, in presence of a magnetic field. Our arguments are illustrated with the Heisenberg model of a magnet in an external magnetic field.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Scaling Theory for Steady State Plastic Flows in Amorphous Solids
Creators: name: Lerner, Edan
name: Procaccia, Itamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly correlated amorphous solids are a class of glass-formers whose inter-particle potential admits an approximate inverse power-law form in a relevant range of inter-particle distances. We study the steady-state plastic flow of such systems, firstly in the athermal, quasi-static limit, and secondly at finite temperatures and strain rates. In all cases we demonstrate the usefulness of scaling concepts to reduce the data to universal scaling functions where the scaling exponents are determined a-priori from the inter-particle potential. In particular we show that the steady plastic flow at finite temperatures with efficient heat extraction is uniquely characterized by two scaled variables; equivalently, the steady state displays an equation of state that relates one scaled variable to the other two. We discuss the range of applicability of the scaling theory, and the connection to density scaling in supercooled liquid dynamics. We explain that the description of transient states calls for additional state variables whose identity is still far from obvious.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 3 of Pathobiology of highly pathogenic H5 avian influenza viruses in naturally infected Galliformes and Anseriformes in France during winter 2015–2016
Creators: name: Gaide, Nicolas
name: Lucas, Marie-Noëlle
name: Delpont, Mattias
name: Croville, Guillaume
name: Bouwman, Kim M.
name: Papanikolaou, Andreas
name: van der Woude, Roosmarijn
name: Gagarinov, Iwan A.
name: Boons, Geert-Jan
name: De Vries, Robert P.
name: Volmer, Romain
name: Teillaud, Angélique
name: Vergne, Timothée
name: Bleuart, Céline
name: Le Loc’h, Guillaume
name: Delverdier, Maxence
name: Guérin, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Histopathological scoring system.
Toward Evolving Dispatching Rules With Flow Control Operations By Grammar-Guided Linear Genetic Programming
Creators: name: Huang, Zhixing
name: Mei, Yi
name: Zhang, Fangfang
name: Zhang, Mengjie
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4602
subject: Artificial intelligence
classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: Linear genetic programming (LGP) has been successfully applied to dynamic job shop scheduling (DJSS) to automatically evolve dispatching rules. Flow control operations are crucial in concisely describing complex knowledge of dispatching rules, such as different dispatching rules in different conditions. However, existing LGP methods for DJSS have not fully considered the use of flow control operations. They simply included flow control operations in their primitive set, which inevitably leads to a huge number of redundant and obscure solutions in LGP search spaces. To move one step toward evolving effective and interpretable dispatching rules, this paper explicitly considers the characteristics of flow control operations via grammar-guided linear genetic programming and focuses on IF operations as a starting point. Specifically, this paper designs a new set of normalized terminals to improve the interpretability of IF operations and proposes three restrictions by grammar rules on the usage of IF operations: specifying the available inputs, the maximum number, and the possible locations of IF operations. The experiment results verify that the proposed method can achieve significantly better test performance than state-of-the-art LGP methods and improves interpretability by IF-included dispatching rules. Further investigation confirms that the explicit introduction of IF operations helps effectively evolve different dispatching rules according to their decision situations.
On Searching for Minimal Integer Representation of Undirected Graphs
Creators: name: Parque, Victor
name: Miyashita, Tomoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Minimal and efficient graph representations are key to store, communicate, and sample the search space of graphs and networks while meeting user-defined criteria. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of gradient-free optimization heuristics based on Differential Evolution to search for minimal integer representations of undirected graphs. The class of Differential Evolution algorithms are population-based gradient-free optimization heuristics having found a relevant attention in the nonconvex and nonlinear optimization communities. Our computational experiments using eight classes of Differential Evolution schemes and graph instances with varying degrees of sparsity have shown the merit of attaining minimal numbers for graph encoding/representation rendered by exploration-oriented strategies within few function evaluations. Our results have the potential to elucidate new number-based encoding and sample-based algorithms for graph representation, network design and optimization.
description: Paper accepted and presented at The 30th International Conference on Neural Information Processing (ICONIP2023)
Glitch subtraction from gravitational wave data using adaptive spline fitting
Creators: name: Mohanty, Soumya D.
name: Chowdhury, Mohammad A. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transient signals of instrumental and environmental origins ("glitches") in gravitational wave data elevate the false alarm rate of searches for astrophysical signals and reduce their sensitivity. Glitches that directly overlap astrophysical signals hinder their detection and worsen parameter estimation errors. As the fraction of data occupied by detectable astrophysical signals will be higher in next generation detectors, such problematic overlaps could become more frequent. These adverse effects of glitches can be mitigated by estimating and subtracting them out from the data, but their unpredictable waveforms and large morphological diversity pose a challenge. Subtraction of glitches using data from auxiliary sensors as predictors works but not for the majority of cases. Thus, there is a need for nonparametric glitch mitigation methods that do not require auxiliary data, work for a large variety of glitches, and have minimal effect on astrophysical signals in the case of overlaps. In order to cope with the high rate of glitches, it is also desirable that such methods be computationally fast. We show that adaptive spline fitting, in which the placement of free knots is optimized to estimate both smooth and non-smooth curves in noisy data, offers a promising approach to satisfying these requirements for broadband short-duration glitches, the type that appear quite frequently. The method is demonstrated on glitches drawn from three distinct classes in the Gravity Spy database as well as on the glitch that overlapped the binary neutron star signal GW170817. The impact of glitch subtraction on the GW170817 signal, or those like it injected into the data, is seen to be negligible.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, revised version (new figure added)
Entry of Microparticles into Giant Lipid Vesicles by Optical Tweezers
Creators: name: Fessler, Florent
name: Sharma, Vaibhav
name: Muller, Pierre
name: Stocco, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entry of micro- or nano-sized objects into cells or vesicles made of lipid membranes occur in many processes such as entry of viruses in host cells, microplastics pollution, drug delivery or biomedical imaging. Here, we investigated the microparticle crossing of lipid membranes in giant unilamellar vesicles in the absence of strong binding interactions (e.g. streptavidin-biotin binding). In these conditions, we observed that organic and inorganic particles can always penetrate inside the vesicles provided that an external picoNewton force is applied and for relatively low membrane tensions. In the limit of a vanishing adhesion, we pointed out the role of the membrane area reservoir and show that a force minimum exists when the particle size is comparable to the bendocapillary length.
title: Feeding Ecology and Territorial Behavior of the Yellow Warbler
Creators: name: Frydendall, Merrill J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1967

description: A controversy dating from the appearance of Altum's book, Der Vogel und sein Leben, 1868 (Mayr, 1935) is that of the biological function or functions of the territorial behavior in birds. However, attention was not focused upon this problem until the advent of Howard's book, Territory in Bird Life, published in 1920. In a general review of the problem Hinde (1956) discussed several functions of the territory and presented evidence both for and against their importance. The more important of these presumed functions are; (1) limitation of population density; (2) facilitation of pair formation and maintenance of the pair bond; (3) reduction in interference with reproductive activities by other members of the species; (4) provision of an adequate food supply for rearing the young; (5) reduction of loss to predators; (6) reduction of time spent in aggression; and (7) prevention of epidemics.
Assessing the clinical severity of the Omicron variant in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, using the diagnostic PCR proxy marker of RdRp target delay to distinguish between Omicron and Delta infections - a survival analysis.
Creators: name: Hussey, Hannah
name: Davies, Mary-Ann
name: Heekes, Alexa
name: Williamson, Carolyn
name: Valley-Omar, Ziyaad
name: Hardie, Diana
name: Korsman, Stephen
name: Doolabh, Deelan
name: Preiser, Wolfgang
name: Maponga, Tongai
name: Iranzadeh, Arash
name: Wasserman, Sean
name: Boloko, Linda
name: Symons, Greg
name: Raubenheimer, Peter
name: Parker, Arifa
name: Schrueder, Neshaad
name: Solomon, Wesley
name: Rousseau, Petro
name: Wolter, Nicole
name: Jassat, Waasila
name: Cohen, Cheryl
name: Lessells, Richard
name: Wilkinson, Robert J
name: Boulle, Andrew
name: Hsiao, Nei-yuan
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: Model organisms
subject: Model organisms
classificationCode: Infectious Disease
subject: Infectious Disease
classificationCode: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Human Biology & Physiology
classificationCode: Immunology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: BACKGROUND: The extent to which the reduced risk of severe disease seen with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is due to a decrease in variant virulence, or higher levels of population immunity, is currently not clear. METHODS: RdRp target delay (RTD) in the Seegene AllplexTM 2019-nCoV PCR assay is a proxy marker for the Delta variant. The absence of this proxy marker in the transition period was used to identify suspected Omicron infections. Cox regression was performed for the outcome of hospital admission in those who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on the Seegene AllplexTM assay from 1 November to 14 December 2021 in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, public sector. Vaccination status and prior diagnosed infection, were adjusted for. RESULTS: 150 cases with RTD and 1486 cases without RTD were included. Cases without RTD had a lower hazard of admission (adjusted Hazard Ratio [aHR] of 0.56, 95%CI 0.34-0.91). Complete vaccination was protective of admission with an aHR of 0.45 (95%CI 0.26-0.77). CONCLUSION: Omicron has resulted in a lower risk of hospital admission, compared to contemporaneous Delta infection, when using the proxy marker of RTD. Under-ascertainment of reinfections with an immune escape variant remains a challenge to accurately assessing variant virulence.
Exactly solvable model of avalanches dynamics for Barkhausen crackling noise
Creators: name: Colaiori, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the present state of understanding of the Barkhausen effect in soft ferromagnetic materials. Barkhausen noise (BN) is generated by the discontinuous motion of magnetic domains as they interact with impurities and defects. BN is one of the many examples of crackling noise, arising in a variety of contexts with remarkably similar features, and occurring when a system responds in a jerky manner to a smooth external forcing. Among all crackling system, we focus on BN, where a complete and consistent picture emerges thanks to an exactly solvable model of avalanche dynamics, known as the ABBM model, which ultimately describes the system in terms of a Langevin equation for the velocity of the avalanche front. Despite its simplicity, the ABBM model is able to accurately reproduce the phenomenology observed in the experiments on a large class of magnetic materials, as long as universal properties are involved. To complete the picture and to understand the long-standing discrepancy between the ABBM theory and the experiments, which otherwise agree exceptionally well, consisting of the puzzling asymmetric shape of the noise pulses, microscopic details must be taken into account, namely the effects of eddy current retardation. These effects can be incorporated in the model, and result, to a first-order approximation, in a negative effective mass associated with the wall. The progress made in understanding BN is potentially relevant for other crackling systems: on the one hand, the ABBM model turns out to be a paradigmatic model for the universal behaviour of avalanche dynamics; on the other hand, the microscopic explanation of the asymmetry in the noise pulses suggests that inertial effects may also be at the origin of pulses asymmetry observed in other crackling systems.
description: 91 pages, 36 figures
Antiferromagnetic Ising model in scale-free networks
Creators: name: Herrero, Carlos P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The antiferromagnetic Ising model in uncorrelated scale-free networks has been studied by means of Monte Carlo simulations. These networks are characterized by a connectivity (or degree) distribution P(k) ~ k^(- gamma). The disorder present in these complex networks frustrates the antiferromagnetic spin ordering, giving rise to a spin-glass (SG) phase at low temperature. The paramagnetic-SG transition temperature T_c has been studied as a function of the parameter gamma and the minimum degree present in the networks. T_c is found to increase when the exponent gamma is reduced, in line with a larger frustration caused by the presence of nodes with higher degree.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Lastekirurgia Eestis
Creators: name: Freiberg, Inga
name: Varik, Karin
name: Majass, Mari
name: Reino, Uudo
name: Sepp, Mall
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2002
Subjects: lastekirurgia, lastekirurgia osakonnad, lastekirurgid

description: Iseseisev lastekirurgia osakond loodi 1962. a Tallinna Vabariiklikus Haiglas ning Tartu Linna Kliinilises Haiglas. Seega on Eestis lapsi kirurgiliselt ravitud spetsialiseeritud osakondades 40 aastat. Viimastel aastatel on neis tehtud üle 4000 operatsiooni aastas. Osakondade varustust on täiustatud ja ravivõimalusi laiendatud. Eestis töötab 13 lastekirurgi ja 7 lasteortopeedi.

Eesti Arst 2002; 81 (11): 727–730
description: Eesti Arst, November 2002
Additional file 4 of Pathobiology of highly pathogenic H5 avian influenza viruses in naturally infected Galliformes and Anseriformes in France during winter 2015–2016
Creators: name: Gaide, Nicolas
name: Lucas, Marie-Noëlle
name: Delpont, Mattias
name: Croville, Guillaume
name: Bouwman, Kim M.
name: Papanikolaou, Andreas
name: van der Woude, Roosmarijn
name: Gagarinov, Iwan A.
name: Boons, Geert-Jan
name: De Vries, Robert P.
name: Volmer, Romain
name: Teillaud, Angélique
name: Vergne, Timothée
name: Bleuart, Céline
name: Le Loc’h, Guillaume
name: Delverdier, Maxence
name: Guérin, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Viral immunohistochemical antigenic detection scoring system.
Localized magnetic states in biased bilayer and trilayer graphene
Creators: name: Ding, Kai-He
name: Zhu, Zhen-Gang
name: Berakdar, Jamal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the localized magnetic states of impurity in biased bilayer and trilayer graphene. It is found that the magnetic boundary for bilayer and trilayer graphene presents the mixing features of Dirac and conventional fermion. For zero gate bias, as the impurity energy approaches the Dirac point, the impurity magnetization region diminishes for bilayer and trilayer graphene. When a gate bias is applied, the dependence of impurity magnetic states on the impurity energy exhibits a different behavior for bilayer and trilayer graphene due to the opening of a gap between the valence and the conduction band in the bilayer graphene with the gate bias applied. The magnetic moment and the corresponding magnetic transition of the impurity in bilayer graphene are also investigated.
description: 16 pages,6 figures
One inch LaBr3:Ce detectors, with temperature control and improved time resolution for low energy X-rays spectroscopy
Creators: name: Bonesini, M.
name: Benocci, R.
name: Bertoni, R.
name: Abba, A.
name: Caponio, F.
name: Menegolli, A.
name: Prata, M. C.
name: Rossella, M.
name: Rossini, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large area LaBr3:Ce detectors with a SiPM array readout have been developed for the FAMU experiment at RAL. The aim was to have a good energy resolution for low energy X-rays detection (around 100 keV) and good timing properties of the signal pulse. Sixteen 1" detectors and twelve 1/2" detectors have been presently installed in the FAMU experiment and are taking data since March 2023, at RIKEN RAL Port 1.
Spin state transition in LaCoO3 by variational cluster approximation
Creators: name: Eder, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The variational cluster approximation is applied to the calculation of thermodynamical quantities and single-particle spectra of LaCoO3. Trial self-energies and the numerical value of the Luttinger-Ward functional are obtained by exact diagonalization of a CoO6 cluster. The VCA correctly predicts LaCoO3 as a paramagnetic insulator and a gradual and relatively smooth increase of the occupation of high-spin Co3+ ions causes the temperature dependence of entropy and magnetic susceptibility. The single particle spectral function agrees well with experiment, the experimentally observed temperature dependence of photoelectron spectra is reproduced satisfactorily. Remaining discrepancies with experiment highlight the importance of spin orbit coupling and local lattice relaxation.
description: Revtex file with 10 eps figures
title: The Predictive Validity of the Battelle Developmental Inventory as a Measure of Adaptive Behavior: A 2-3 Year, Longitudinal Comparison With the Scales of Independent Behavior
Creators: name: Jentzsch, Clarice E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1994

description: Within the last 5 years, researchers have given increased attention to preschool assessment. One test, the Battelle Developmental Inventory, has become increasingly popular for use with preschool-age children. Despite its frequent use by early intervention programs, few researchers have studied the technical adequacy of the Battelle. The predictive validity of the Battelle was examined, using 154 children with disabilities. Scores on the Battelle for children 3 to 5 years of age were compared with scores on the Scales of Independent Behavior administered to the same children 2 to 3 years later. Moderate to strong relationships were found between the scores. Scores on the Battelle motor domains appeared to correlate the strongest with the Scales of Independent Behavior Total score. In general, the Battelle appeared to be a useful measure for predicting future performance on the Scales of Independent Behavior.