cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Assessing BRCA1 activity in DNA damage repair using human induced pluripotent stem cells as an approach to assist classification of BRCA1 variants of uncertain significance.
Creators: name: Ozgencil, Meryem
name: Barwell, Julian
name: Tischkowitz, Marc
name: Izatt, Louise
name: Kesterton, Ian
name: Simpson, Michael
name: Sharpe, Paul
name: De Sepulveda, Paulo
name: Voisset, Edwige
name: Solomon, Ellen
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Biology and life sciences
Medicine and health sciences
Research and analysis methods

description: Funder: The European Union Scholarship Programme
description: Funder: King’s College London
description: Establishing a universally applicable protocol to assess the impact of BRCA1 variants of uncertain significance (VUS) expression is a problem which has yet to be resolved despite major progresses have been made. The numerous difficulties which must be overcome include the choices of cellular models and functional assays. We hypothesised that the use of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells might facilitate the standardisation of protocols for classification, and could better model the disease process. We generated eight iPS cell lines from patient samples expressing either BRCA1 pathogenic variants, non-pathogenic variants, or BRCA1 VUSs. The impact of these variants on DNA damage repair was examined using a ɣH2AX foci formation assay, a Homologous Repair (HR) reporter assay, and a chromosome abnormality assay. Finally, all lines were tested for their ability to differentiate into mammary lineages in vitro. While the results obtained from the two BRCA1 pathogenic variants were consistent with published data, some other variants exhibited differences. The most striking of these was the BRCA1 variant Y856H (classified as benign), which was unexpectedly found to present a faulty HR repair pathway, a finding linked to the presence of an additional variant in the ATM gene. Finally, all lines were able to differentiate first into mammospheres, and then into more advanced mammary lineages expressing luminal- or basal-specific markers. This study stresses that BRCA1 genetic analysis alone is insufficient to establish a reliable and functional classification for assessment of clinical risk, and that it cannot be performed without considering the other genetic aberrations which may be present in patients. The study also provides promising opportunities for elucidating the physiopathology and clinical evolution of breast cancer, by using iPS cells.
Efficiency indicators in different dimension
Creators: name: Nabradi, Andras
name: Peto, Karoly
name: Balogh, Viktoria
name: Szabo, Erika
name: Bartha, Andrea
name: Kovacs, Krisztian
name: Nabradi, Andras
name: Peto, Karoly
name: Balogh, Viktoria
name: Szabo, Erika
name: Bartha, Andrea
name: Kovacs, Krisztian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: efficiency
subject: corporate level
subject: new categories

description: There are several variations of efficiency definitions and of course ratios concerned with efficiency. A better understanding of the notion of efficiency is critical to dissolve ambiguity about it. Many confuse efficiency with other supposedly synonymous notions such as profitability, successfulness, competitiveness, liquidity or productivity. This ambiguity originates not only in subjective reasons, but the lack of hierarchical order among certain ideas. The primary driver in our research is, to systematize efficiency in general, and formulate a new categorical approach of the efficiency in corporate level.
On the Systemic Nature of Weather Risk
Creators: name: Xu, Wei
name: Filler, Gunther
name: Odening, Martin
name: Okhrin, Ostap
name: Xu, Wei
name: Filler, Gunther
name: Odening, Martin
name: Okhrin, Ostap
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: weather risk
subject: crop insurance
subject: copula

description: Systemic weather risk is a major obstacle for the formation of private (nonsubsidized) crop insurance. This paper explores the possibility of spatial diversification of insurance by estimating the joint occurrence of unfavorable weather conditions in different locations. For that purpose copula methods are employed that allow an adequate description of stochastic dependencies between multivariate random variables. The estimation procedure is applied to weather data in Germany. Our results indicate that indemnity payments based on temperature as well as on cumulative rainfall show strong stochastic dependence even at a national scale. Thus the possibility to reduce risk exposure by increasing the trading area of the insurance is limited. Irrespective of their economic implications our results pinpoint the necessity of a proper statistical modeling of the dependence structure of multivariate random variables. The usual approach of measuring stochastic dependence with linear correlation coefficients turned out to be questionable in the context of weather insurance as it may overestimate diversification effects considerably.
Magnetic order in the quasi-one-dimensional spin 1/2 chain, copper pyrazine dinitrate
Creators: name: Lancaster, T.
name: Blundell, S. J.
name: Brooks, M. L.
name: Baker, P. J.
name: Pratt, F. L.
name: Manson, J. L.
name: Landee, C. P.
name: Baines, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first evidence of magnetic order in the quasi-one-dimensional spin 1/2 molecular chain compound, copper pyrazine dinitrate Cu(C4H4N2)(NO3)2}. Zero field muon-spin relaxation measurements made at dilution refrigerator temperatures show oscillations in the measured asymmetry, characteristic of a quasistatic magnetic field at the muon sites. Our measurements provide convincing evidence for long range magnetic order below a temperature T_N=107(1) mK. This leads to an estimate of the interchain coupling constant of |J'|/k_B=0.046 K and to a ratio |J'/J| = 4.4 x 10^-3.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letters
An analytic study on the excited states of holographic superconductors
Creators: name: Qiao, Xiongying
name: Wang, Dong
name: OuYang, Liang
name: Wang, Mengjie
name: Pan, Qiyuan
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue problem, we develop a general analytic technique to investigate the excited states of the holographic superconductors. By including more higher order terms in the expansion of the trial function, we observe that the analytic results agree well with the numeric data, which indicates that the Sturm-Liouville method is very powerful to study the holographic superconductors even if we consider the excited states. For both the holographic s-wave and p-wave models, we find that the excited state has a lower critical temperature than the corresponding ground state and the difference of the dimensionless critical chemical potential between the consecutive states is around 5. Moreover, we analytically confirm that the holographic superconductor phase transition with the excited states belongs to the second order, which can be used to back up the numerical findings for both s-wave and p-wave superconductors.
description: 17 pages, 7 figure, 3 tables
Additional file 1 of Phagocyte activity reflects mammalian homeo- and hetero-thermic physiological states
Creators: name: Pikula, Jiri
name: Heger, Tomas
name: Bandouchova, Hana
name: Kovacova, Veronika
name: Nemcova, Monika
name: Papezikova, Ivana
name: Piacek, Vladimir
name: Zajíčková, Renata
name: Zukal, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1 Table S1. Supporting information data (log-transformed) on blood parameters and phagocyte activity in Myotis myotis, Nyctalus noctula and Mus musculus.
Renormalization and Scale Evolution of the Soft-Quark Soft Function
Creators: name: Liu, Ze Long
name: Mecaj, Bianka
name: Neubert, Matthias
name: Wang, Xing
name: Fleming, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft functions defined in terms of matrix elements of soft fields dressed by Wilson lines are central components of factorization theorems for cross sections and decay rates in collider and heavy-quark physics. While in many cases the relevant soft functions are defined in terms of gluon operators, at subleading order in power counting soft functions containing quark fields appear. We present a detailed discussion of the properties of the soft-quark soft function consisting of a quark propagator dressed by two finite-length Wilson lines connecting at one point. This function enters in the factorization theorem for the Higgs-boson decay amplitude of the $h\toγγ$ process mediated by light-quark loops. We perform the renormalization of this soft function at one-loop order, derive its two-loop anomalous dimension and discuss solutions to its renormalization-group evolution equation in momentum space, in Laplace space and in the "diagonal space", where the evolution is strictly multiplicative.
description: 30 pages plus appendices and references, 6 figures
Using Biomedical Technologies to Inform Economic Modeling: Challenges and Opportunities for Improving Analysis of Environmental Policies
Creators: name: Roe, Brian E.
name: Haab, Timothy C.
name: Roe, Brian E.
name: Haab, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: neuroeconomics
subject: neuroscience
subject: brain imaging
subject: genetics
subject: welfare economics
subject: utility theory
subject: biology
subject: decision making
subject: preferences

description: Advances in biomedical technology have irrevocably jarred open the black box of human decision making, offering social scientists the potential to validate, reject, refine and redefine the individual models of resource allocation that form the foundation of modern economics. In this paper we (1) provide a comprehensive overview of the biomedical methods that may be harnessed by economists and other social scientists to better understand the economic decision making process; (2) review research that utilizes these biomedical methods to illuminate fundamental aspects of the decision making process; and (3) summarize evidence from this literature concerning the basic tenants of neoclassical utility that are often invoked for positive welfare analysis of environmental policies. We conclude by raising questions about the future path of policy related research and the role biomedical technologies will play in defining that path.
Schistosoma mansoni Larval Extracellular Vesicle protein 1 (SmLEV1) is an immunogenic antigen found in EVs released from pre-acetabular glands of invading cercariae.
Creators: name: Gasan, Thomas A
name: Kuipers, Marije E
name: Roberts, Grisial H
name: Padalino, Gilda
name: Forde-Thomas, Josephine E
name: Wilson, Shona
name: Wawrzyniak, Jakub
name: Tukahebwa, Edridah M
name: Hoffmann, Karl F
name: Chalmers, Iain W
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Biology and life sciences
Medicine and health sciences
Research and analysis methods

description: Funder: IBERS, Aberystwyth University PhD studentship
description: Funder: Higher Education Funding Council for Wales (HEFCW) - Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF)
description: Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are an integral component of cellular/organismal communication and have been found in the excreted/secreted (ES) products of both protozoan and metazoan parasites. Within the blood fluke schistosomes, EVs have been isolated from egg, schistosomula, and adult lifecycle stages. However, the role(s) that EVs have in shaping aspects of parasite biology and/or manipulating host interactions is poorly defined. Herein, we characterise the most abundant EV-enriched protein in Schistosoma mansoni tissue-migrating schistosomula (Schistosoma mansoni Larval Extracellular Vesicle protein 1 (SmLEV1)). Comparative sequence analysis demonstrates that lev1 orthologs are found in all published Schistosoma genomes, yet homologs are not found outside of the Schistosomatidae. Lifecycle expression analyses collectively reveal that smlev1 transcription peaks in cercariae, is male biased in adults, and is processed by alternative splicing in intra-mammalian lifecycle stages. Immunohistochemistry of cercariae using a polyclonal anti-recombinant SmLEV1 antiserum localises this protein to the pre-acetabular gland, with some disperse localisation to the surface of the parasite. S. mansoni-infected Ugandan fishermen exhibit a strong IgG1 response against SmLEV1 (dropping significantly after praziquantel treatment), with 11% of the cohort exhibiting an IgE response and minimal levels of detectable antigen-specific IgG4. Furthermore, mice vaccinated with rSmLEV1 show a slightly reduced parasite burden upon challenge infection and significantly reduced granuloma volumes, compared with control animals. Collectively, these results describe SmLEV1 as a Schistosomatidae-specific, EV-enriched immunogen. Further investigations are now necessary to uncover the full extent of SmLEV1's role in shaping schistosome EV function and definitive host relationships.
Additional file 1 of Quasi-linear Cox proportional hazards model with cross- L1 penalty
Creators: name: Omae, Katsuhiro
name: Shinto Eguchi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1 Technical Derivations. In this file, we give proofs of Proposition 1, Proposition 2, Theorem 1 and Theorem 2.
Notes on Generalised Nullvectors in logarithmic CFT
Creators: name: Eberle, Holger
name: Flohr, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these notes we discuss the procedure how to calculate nullvectors in general indecomposable representations which are encountered in logarithmic conformal field theories. In particular, we do not make use of any of the restrictions which have been imposed in logarithmic nullvector calculations up to now, especially the quasi-primarity of all Jordan cell fields. For the quite well-studied c_{p,1} models we calculate examples of logarithmic nullvectors which have not been accessible to the older methods and recover the known representation structure. Furthermore, we calculate logarithmic nullvectors in the up to now almost unexplored general augmented c_{p,q} models and use these to find bounds on their possible representation structures.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures; v2: Corrected two typos, added one reference to the conclusion
The Agricultural Policy Environmental EXtender (APEX) Model: An Emerging Tool for Landscape and Watershed Environmental Analyses
Creators: name: Gassman, Philip W.
name: Williams, Jimmy R.
name: Wang, Xiuying
name: Saleh, Ali
name: Osei, Edward
name: Hauck, Larry M.
name: Izaurralde, R. Cesar
name: Flowers, Joan D.
name: Gassman, Philip W.
name: Williams, Jimmy R.
name: Wang, Xiuying
name: Saleh, Ali
name: Osei, Edward
name: Hauck, Larry M.
name: Izaurralde, R. Cesar
name: Flowers, Joan D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: APEX
subject: best management practices
subject: farm and watershed simulations
subject: soil carbon
subject: water quality

description: The Agricultural Policy Environmental eXtender (APEX) model was developed by the Blacklands Research and Extension Center in Temple, Texas. APEX is a flexible and dynamic tool that is capable of simulating a wide array of management practices, cropping systems, and other land use across a broad range of agricultural landscapes, including whole farms and small watersheds. The model can be configured for novel land management strategies, such as filter strip impacts on pollutant losses from upslope cropfields, intensive rotational grazing scenarios depicting movement of cows between paddocks, vegetated grassed waterways in combination with filter strip impacts, and land application of manure removal from livestock feedlots or waste storage ponds. A description of the APEX model is provided, including an overview of all the major components in the model. Applications of the model are then reviewed, starting with livestock manure and other management scenarios performed for Livestock and the Environment: A National Pilot Project (NPP), and then continuing with feedlot, pesticide, forestry, buffer strip, conservation practice, and other management or land use scenarios performed at the plot, field, watershed, or regional scale. The application descriptions include a summary of calibration and/or validation results obtained for the different NPP assessments as well as for other APEX simulation studies. Available APEX Geographic Information System–based or Windows-based interfaces are also described, as are forthcoming future improvements and additional research needs for the model.
Unfolding of eigenvalue surfaces near a diabolic point due to a complex perturbation
Creators: name: Kirillov, O. N.
name: Mailybaev, A. A.
name: Seyranian, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents a new theory of unfolding of eigenvalue surfaces of real symmetric and Hermitian matrices due to an arbitrary complex perturbation near a diabolic point. General asymptotic formulae describing deformations of a conical surface for different kinds of perturbing matrices are derived. As a physical application, singularities of the surfaces of refractive indices in crystal optics are studied.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Inhibition of leucine-rich repeats and calponin homology domain containing 1 accelerates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in a rat traumatic spinal cord injury model
Creators: name: Wen-Kai Chen
name: Lin-Juan Feng
name: Qiao-Dan Liu
name: Ke, Qing-Feng
name: Pei-Ya Cai
name: Zhang, Pei-Ru
name: Cai, Li-Quan
name: Nian-Lai Huang
name: Lin, Wen-Ping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional files 1: Supplementary Table 1. Quantitative RT-PCR primers. Supplementary figure 1. GFP expression in microglia after infection lentiviral infection and puromycin selection. Supplementary figure 2. The mRNA levels of indicated molecules in microglia after infection with the control virus (LC). Supplementary figure 3. Identification of primary rat spinal cord neurons. Supplementary figure 4. Immunoblot membranes showing the bands of indicated molecules in LC-infected or LL-infected microglia after stimulation with LPS+ATP. Supplementary figure 5. Transferred microglia in injured spinal cords. Supplementary figure 6. Microinjection of LC-infected microglia only slightly induced inflammation in spinal cords.
Epidemic plateau in critical SIR dynamics with non-trivial initial conditions
Creators: name: Radicchi, Filippo
name: Bianconi, Ginestra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Containment measures implemented by some countries to suppress the spread of COVID-19 have resulted in a slowdown of the epidemic characterized by time series of daily infections plateauing over extended periods of time. We prove that such a dynamical pattern is compatible with critical Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) dynamics. In traditional analyses of the critical SIR model, the critical dynamical regime is started from a single infected node. The application of containment measures to an ongoing epidemic, however, has the effect to make the system enter in its critical regime with a number of infected individuals potentially large. We describe how such non-trivial starting conditions affect the critical behavior of the SIR model. We perform a theoretical and large-scale numerical investigation of the model. We show that the expected outbreak size is an increasing function of the initial number of infected individuals, while the expected duration of the outbreak is a non-monotonic function of the initial number of infected individuals. Also, we precisely characterize the magnitude of the fluctuations associated with the size and duration of the outbreak in critical SIR dynamics with non-trivial initial conditions. Far from heard immunity, fluctuations are much larger than average values, thus indicating that predictions of plateauing time series may be particularly challenging.
description: (11 pages, 10 figures)
Integrated locating in-house logistics areas and transport vehicles selection problem in assembly lines
Creators: name: Nourmohammadi, Amir
name: Hamidreza Eskandari
name: Fathi, Masood
name: Ng, Amos H.C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Decentralised in-house logistics areas, known as supermarkets, are widely used in the manufacturing industry for parts feeding to assembly lines. In contrary to the literature and inspired by observation in a real case, this study relaxes the assumption of using identical transport vehicles when deciding on the supermarkets’ location by considering the availability of different vehicles. In this regard, this study deals with the integrated supermarket location and transport vehicles selection problems (SLTVSP). A mixed-integer programming (MIP) model of the problem is developed. Due to the complexity of the problem, a hybrid genetic algorithm (GA) with variable neighborhood search (GA-VNS) is also proposed to address large-sized problems. The performance of GA-VNS is compared against the MIP, the basic GA, and simulated annealing (SA) algorithm. The computational results from the real case and a set of generated test problems show that GA-VNS provides a very good approximation of the MIP solutions at a much shorter computational time while outperforming the other compared algorithms. The analysis of the results reveals that it is beneficial to apply different transport vehicles rather than identical vehicles for SLTVSP.
Nonlinear Properties of Multifactor Financial Models
Creators: name: Chen, Kim Heng
name: Jandhyala, Venkata K.
name: Fotopoulos, Stergios B.
name: Chen, Kim Heng
name: Jandhyala, Venkata K.
name: Fotopoulos, Stergios B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Generalized Geometric Brownian Motion
subject: Heteroskedasticity
subject: Scale Mixture of Normal Distributions

description: This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the nonlinear properties of multifactor pricing models. Beginning with the generalized geometric Brownian motion, we develop a method whereby the log returns of a set of d-assets or portfolios admit a scale mixture model. This is followed by an analytical study on the conditional behavior of a subset of assets given another subset. Expressions for the first two conditional moments are provided under the scale mixture family. The regression equation when the scaling variable is constant (unity) corresponds with the renowned APT. Computable conditional moment expressions for the scaling variable are derived under both inverse gamma and gamma distributions. These moment equations are nonlinear in parameters, apart from containing the usual linear terms under the APT. We then apply the above nonlinear methodology to the log asset returns of four major companies in the U.S. stock market.
MPEC 2024-A155 : 2024 AA4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AA4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Ein bisher unbekanntes Werk des Patriarchen Eutychios von Alexandrien
Creators: name: Graf, Georg
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 9 (1911): Oriens christianus, Band 9
Hilbert's 17th problem and the quantumness of states
Creators: name: Korbicz, J.
name: Cirac, J. I.
name: Wehr, J.
name: Lewenstein, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A state of a quantum systems can be regarded as {\it classical} ({\it quantum}) with respect to measurements of a set of canonical observables iff there exists (does not exist) a well defined, positive phase space distribution, the so called Galuber-Sudarshan $P$-representation. We derive a family of classicality criteria that require that averages of positive functions calculated using $P$-representation must be positive. For polynomial functions, these criteria are related to 17-th Hilbert's problem, and have physical meaning of generalized squeezing conditions; alternatively, they may be interpreted as {\it non-classicality witnesses}. We show that every generic non-classical state can be detected by a polynomial that is a sum of squares of other polynomials (sos). We introduce a very natural hierarchy of states regarding their degree of quantumness, which we relate to the minimal degree of a sos polynomial that detects them is introduced. Polynomial non-classicality witnesses can be directly measured.
description: minor corrections, final version
How does a dark compact object ringdown?
Creators: name: Maggio, Elisa
name: Buoninfante, Luca
name: Mazumdar, Anupam
name: Pani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generic feature of nearly out-of-equilibrium dissipative systems is that they resonate through a set of quasinormal modes. Black holes - the absorbing objects par excellence - are no exception. When formed in a merger, black holes vibrate in a process called "ringdown", which leaves the gravitational-wave footprint of the event horizon. In some models of quantum gravity which attempt to solve the information-loss paradox and the singularities of General Relativity, black holes are replaced by regular, horizonless objects with a tiny effective reflectivity. Motivated by these scenarios, here we develop a generic framework to the study of the ringdown of a compact object with various shades of darkness. By extending the black-hole membrane paradigm, we map the interior of any compact object in terms of the bulk and shear viscosities of a fictitious fluid located at the surface, with the black-hole limit being a single point in a three-dimensional parameter space. We unveil some remarkable features of the ringdown and some universal properties of the light ring in this framework. We also identify the region of the parameter space which can be probed by current and future gravitational-wave detectors. A general feature is the appearance of mode doublets which are degenerate only in the black-hole limit. We argue that the merger event GW150914 already imposes a strong lower bound on the compactness of the merger remnant of approximately 99% of the black-hole compactness. This places model-independent constraints on black-hole alternatives such as diffuse "fuzzballs" and nonlocal stars.
description: 11+7 pages, 8 figures. v2: minor revisions to match the version to appear in PRD
MPEC 2024-A156 : 2024 AB4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AB4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Production Incentives from Static Decoupling: Entry, Exit and Use Exclusion Restrictions
Creators: name: Just, David R.
name: Kropp, Jaclyn D.
name: Just, David R.
name: Kropp, Jaclyn D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: decoupled payments
subject: infra-marginal support
subject: cross-subsidization

description: The use of agricultural decoupled support has increased as World Trade Organization (WTO) member nations implement less trade distortive policies. However, the true production effects of these policies are still unclear. We show how the exclusion restrictions of U.S. direct payments, namely, the fruit and vegetable restriction and the requirement of keeping land in good agricultural use, cause the decoupled payment to become fully coupled over time as relative profits adjust. Theoretically, decoupled payments can be more trade distorting than an equivalent (same level of taxpayer expenditure) fully coupled subsidy.
Bio Security Measures in Poultry Farm
Creators: name: Abhishek Gurjar, Dr. S.K. Rewani, Dr. Ashok Baindha, Rohitash Kumar, Rahul Mourya
Publisher: name: trends in Agriculture Science
Year: 2024

description: The term "biosecurity" describes management strategies intended to prevent the spread of disease to people, animals, or a region from agents that cause the disease. "Security" denotes safety, while "bio" denotes life. The secret to improved chicken health and successful poultry production is biosecurity. To achieve this, the poultry shed must be kept in such a way that there is little to no movement of biological creatures (bacteria, viruses, rodents, etc.) within its boundaries. The most economical method of managing disease control is biosecurity, which is referred to as "informed common sense." Biosecurity is founded on two key principles: bio-exclusion, “preventing the introduction of a disease agent onto a farm” and bio-confinement, “preventing the spread of a disease agent onto a farm”.
Risk, Overconfidence and Production in a Competitive Equilibrium
Creators: name: Just, David R.
name: Cao, Ying
name: Zilberman, David
name: Just, David R.
name: Cao, Ying
name: Zilberman, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Overconfidence
subject: Misperception
subject: Production
subject: Competition

description: Previous studies have found underestimation of risk, or overconfidence, to be pervasive. In this paper, we model overconfidence as a reduction in perceived variance. We generalize the analysis of Sandmo and examine the effects of competition on firms displaying overconfidence. Cases for both competitive equilibrium and imperfect competition are investigated. We show that overconfidence may strictly dominate rationality in a competitive market by leading risk averse producers to invest greater amounts and produce more. This leads to a higher average profit, and greater variance of profits, leaving the producer a greater probability of surviving competitive pressures. Despite the greater variance of profits, if enough producers underestimate their risk, they should collectively drive more rational decision makers from the market. Our results suggest that overconfidence may be as important a determinant of market behavior as diminishing marginal utility of wealth.
Subgrid-scale parametrization of unresolved scales in forced Burgers equation using Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN)
Creators: name: Alcala, Jeric
name: Timofeyev, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 68T07, 76U60

description: Stochastic subgrid-scale parametrizations aim to incorporate effects of unresolved processes in an effective model by sampling from a distribution usually described in terms of resolved modes. This is an active research area in climate, weather and ocean science where processes evolved in a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. In this study, we evaluate the performance of conditional generative adversarial network (GAN) in parametrizing subgrid-scale effects in a finite-difference discretization of stochastically forced Burgers equation. We define resolved modes as local spatial averages and deviations from these averages are the unresolved degrees of freedom. We train a Wasserstein GAN (WGAN) conditioned on the resolved variables to learn the distribution of subgrid flux tendencies for resolved modes and, thus, represent the effect of unresolved scales. The resulting WGAN is then used in an effective model to reproduce the statistical features of resolved modes. We demonstrate that various stationary statistical quantities such as spectrum, moments, autocorrelation, etc. are well approximated by this effective model.
description: Submitted to TCFD
Evidence for Companion-Induced Secular Changes in the Turbulent Disk of a Be Star in the LMC MACHO Database
Creators: name: Struble, Mitchell F.
name: Galatola, Anthony
name: Faccioli, Lorenzo
name: Alcock, Charles
name: Cruz, Kelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light curve of a blue variable in the MACHO LMC database (FTS ID 78.5979.72) appeared nearly unvarying for ~4 years (quasi-flat segment) but then rapidly changed to become periodic with noisy minima for the remaining 4 years (periodic segment); there are no antecedent indications of a gradual approach to this change. Lomb Periodogram analyses indicate the presence of two distinct periods of ~61 days and 8 days in both the quasi-flat and the periodic segments. Minima of the periodic segment cover at least 50% of the orbital period and contain spikes of light with the 8-day period; maxima do not show this short period. The system typically shows maxima to be redder than minima. The most recent OGLE-III light curve shows only a 30-day periodicity. The variable's V and R magnitudes and color are those of a Be star, and recent sets of near infrared spectra four days apart, secured during the time of the OGLE-III data, show H-alpha emission near and at a maximum, confirming its Be star characteristics. The model that best fits the photometric behavior consists of a thin ring-like circumstellar disk of low mass with four obscuring sectors orbiting the central B star in unison at the 61-day period. The central star peers through the three equi- spaced separations between the four sectors producing the 8-day period. The remainder of the disk contains hydrogen in emission making maxima appear redder. A companion star of lower mass in an inclined and highly eccentric orbit produces an impulsive perturbation near its periastron to change the disk's orientation, changing eclipses from partial to complete within ~ 10 days.
description: 42 pages, 14 figures, and 2 tables Submitted to AJ v3: Title changed, figures added, model modified
Antimicrobial resistance in commensal opportunistic pathogens isolated from non-sterile sites can be an effective proxy for surveillance in bloodstream infections.
Creators: name: Vihta, Karina-Doris
name: Gordon, Nicola Claire
name: Stoesser, Nicole
name: Quan, T Phuong
name: Tyrrell, Carina SB
name: Vongsouvath, Manivanh
name: Ashley, Elizabeth A
name: Chansamouth, Vilada
name: Turner, Paul
name: Ling, Clare L
name: Eyre, David W
name: White, Nicholas J
name: Crook, Derrick
name: Peto, Tim EA
name: Walker, Ann Sarah
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/692/308/174
/631/326/22
article

description: Funder: Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre
description: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance in bloodstream infections (BSIs) is challenging in low/middle-income countries (LMICs) given limited laboratory capacity. Other specimens are easier to collect and process and are more likely to be culture-positive. In 8102 E. coli BSIs, 322,087 E. coli urinary tract infections, 6952 S. aureus BSIs and 112,074 S. aureus non-sterile site cultures from Oxfordshire (1998-2018), and other (55,296 isolates) rarer commensal opportunistic pathogens, antibiotic resistance trends over time in blood were strongly associated with those in other specimens (maximum cross-correlation per drug 0.51-0.99). Resistance prevalence was congruent across drug-years for each species (276/312 (88%) species-drug-years with prevalence within ± 10% between blood/other isolates). Results were similar across multiple countries in high/middle/low income-settings in the independent ATLAS dataset (103,559 isolates, 2004-2017) and three further LMIC hospitals/programmes (6154 isolates, 2008-2019). AMR in commensal opportunistic pathogens cultured from BSIs is strongly associated with AMR in commensal opportunistic pathogens cultured from non-sterile sites over calendar time, suggesting the latter could be used as an effective proxy for AMR surveillance in BSIs.
Circumgalactic Mg II Emission from an Isotropic Starburst Galaxy Outflow Mapped by KCWI
Creators: name: Burchett, Joseph N.
name: Rubin, Kate H. R.
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Coil, Alison L.
name: Vaught, Ryan Rickards
name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spatially-resolved spectroscopy from the Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI) of a star-forming galaxy at z=0.6942, which shows emission from the Mg II 2796, 2803 Angstrom doublet in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) extending ~37 kpc at 3-sigma significance in individual spaxels (1-sigma detection limit 4.8 x 10^{-19} erg s^-1 cm^-2 arcsec^-2). After deconvolution with the seeing, we obtain 5-sigma detections extending for ~31 kpc measured in 7-spaxel (1.1 arcsec^2) apertures. Spaxels covering the galaxy stellar regions show clear P-Cygni-like emission/absorption profiles with the blueshifted absorption extending to relative velocities of v = -800 km/s; however, the P-Cygni profiles give way to pure emission at large radii from the central galaxy. We have performed three-dimensional radiative transfer modeling to infer the geometry and velocity and density profiles of the outflowing gas. Our observations are most consistent with an isotropic outflow rather than biconical wind models with half-opening angles phi <= 80 deg. Furthermore, our modeling suggests that a wind velocity profile that decreases with radius is necessary to reproduce the velocity widths and strengths of Mg II line emission profiles at large circumgalactic radii. The extent of the Mg II emission we measure directly is further corroborated by our modeling, where we rule out outflow models with extent <30 kpc.
description: Submitted to ApJ; comments welcome!
Sons’ narratives of growing up with a World War II combat veteran father
Creators: name: Smitton, J. Alan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Ten men participated in this study; all had fathers who served six months or more in active combat during World War II. Each son was asked about his relationship with his father specific to the father's combat experience. Each interview was audiotaped and transcribed. From each transcribed interview a narrative was developed representing the life story of growing up with a combat veteran father. Reading across all ten narratives, eight themes were extracted that were consistent for seven to ten of the participants. Two follow-up questions were later asked of each participant. These questions were also taped and transcribed and formulated into themes. The four most important themes were: avoiding the topic of combat, emotional distancing, father's perceived change in personality because of the war, and wanting to have more intimate time with their fathers growing up. Fifty-five years after the end of World War II there remains a residual effect on these sons. It is anticipated that this research will assist Canada's Peacekeepers in adjusting to their civilian life as they raise their families.
What is the appropriate level of aggregation for productivity indices? Comparing district, regional and national measures
Creators: name: Conradie, Beatrice
name: Piesse, Jenifer
name: Thirtle, Colin G.
name: Conradie, Beatrice
name: Piesse, Jenifer
name: Thirtle, Colin G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Total factor productivity
subject: Western Cape
subject: South Africa

description: This paper examines the appropriate level of aggregation for the construction of total factor productivity (TFP) indices. The dataset covers the magisterial districts and statistical regions of the Western Cape for the years 1952 to 2002. Over these five decades agricultural production in the Western Cape grew twice as fast as in the country as a whole but this average masks substantial regional variation. Results show that TFP growth was negative in the Karoo, moderate in the Swartland, Overberg and Southern Cape, and generally above 2% per year in the Boland and Breede River Valleys, where there is extensive irrigation.
Chirality Selection in Crystallization
Creators: name: Saito, Yukio
name: Hyuga, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cluster growth model is proposed to study chiral symmetry breaking in stirred crystallization from an achiral element. Achiral monomers are assumed to coagulate to form chiral clusters from dimers to hexamers. Due to the stirring, the hexamers break into dimers. The coagulation of two dimers into a tetramer also occurs. The fixed point analysis of coupled rate equations of cluster densities and their numerical integrations show that the chiral symmetry becomes broken if dimers are critical and able to dissociate back to achiral monomers. The chirality selection is understood by showing that, in a quasi-steady approximation, the rate equations reduce to those of dimers with nonlinear autocatalysis and decomposition.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Der mutmaßliche Verfasser der koptischen Theotokien und des äthiopischen Weddâsê Mârjâm
Creators: name: Euringer, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 9 (1911): Oriens christianus, Band 9
Is geographic diversification sufficient to limit contract grower risk?
Creators: name: Geyser, Mariette
name: Louw, Andre
name: Botha, L.
name: Geyser, Mariette
name: Louw, Andre
name: Botha, L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Geographic diversification
subject: Contract grower
subject: Risk
subject: Lending
subject: Rainfall
subject: Yield

description: Lending and financial institutions have looked for a variety of ways to expand their portfolios into agriculture, but because of the risks associated with lending to farmers who lack traditional forms of collateral, they face price and yield risks, causing these inroads to be limited. Market-based instruments are readily available for price risk. Organised exchanges offering the most basic of these instruments, futures and options, have operated for a long time, providing transparency to the market and low-cost risk transfer tools for those able to access them. While the use of price risk management instruments is an incomplete solution, it has sufficient merits on its own and will make the overall burden of risk more bearable. The use of these instruments and multi-peril crop insurance products is expensive and does not provide full protection for financial lending institutions to limit their credit risk exposure. This article determines whether geographic diversification would be sufficient as a risk management tool for lending institutions to limit their credit risk.
Additional file 1 of Can we walk away from cardiovascular disease risk or do we have to ‘huff and puff’? A cross-sectional compositional accelerometer data analysis among adults and older adults in the Copenhagen City Heart Study
Creators: name: Johansson, Melker Staffan
name: Søgaard, Karen
name: Prescott, Eva
name: Marott, Jacob Louis
name: Schnohr, Peter
name: Holtermann, Andreas
name: Korshøj, Mette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Additional files containing an overview of questions and responses from the questionnaire, overview of derived variables, variation matrix, investigation of potential selection bias, results from linear regression models, and results from time reallocations.
Business opportunities in local food supply chains: an investigation in England and Australia
Creators: name: Pearson, David
name: Bailey, Alison P.
name: Pearson, David
name: Bailey, Alison P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: local food
subject: business
subject: England
subject: Australia

description: There is widespread support from Government, media and consumers for local food networks. The profile of local food buyers and their expectations has been explored and we have some knowledge of its social, economic and environmental contribution. This research contributes by exploring the structure and scope of local food activities. This paper reports on a one year scoping study that examined local food within two contrasting countries, England and Australia. It used a literature review and interviews with key stakeholders to identify the business opportunities that exist in this sector. In conclusion there are many more local food activities in England than in Australia. Further, at a national level in both countries it remains fragmented and confused. However, at a local level there are many successful businesses - farmers markets are the most successful business model in England and Australia, with box schemes also working well in England. The research priorities are to develop a clearer definition of local food as well as exploring the possibility of creating some form of consumer assurance for the ‘localness’ of foods.