cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tackling the Unknown: Medical Semiotics of Inflammation and their Legal-Epistemological Boundaries in Brazil
Creators: name: Vilar, Marcio
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnological innovations
subject: Brazil
subject: immunotherapies
subject: legal-epistemological boundaries
subject: medical semiotics
subject: regenerative medicine
subject: regulatory science
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Do different medico-scientific understandings of autoimmune inflammation, whose carriers disobediently promote the therapeutic use of immunostimulants, have the potential to destabilize the hegemony of the standard palliative treatment based on immunosuppression? Here I explore whether and how medical paradigms in Brazil develop and expand around immunopathologies through practices of exclusion and inclusion in the context of global circulation of knowledges, therapies, and regulatory frameworks. While focusing on concurrent immunotherapeutic models within biomedicine, I discuss aspects of legal-epistemological frictions that animate controversies in which distinct ways of co-producing medical evidence affect and are affected by the biomedical establishment.
description: Será que diferentes entendimentos médico-científicos a respeito de inflamações autoimunes, cujos porta-vozes promovem desobedientemente o uso terapêutico de imunoestimulantes, têm o potencial de desestabilizar a hegemonia do tratamento paliativo padrão baseado na imunossupressão? Neste artigo, exploro se e como os paradigmas médicos no Brasil se desenvolvem e se expandem em torno de imunopatologias através de práticas de exclusão e inclusão no contexto da circulação global de conhecimentos, terapias e diretrizes regulatórias. Ao focar em modelos imunoterapêuticos concorrentes dentro do campo da biomedicina, discuto aspectos de fricções jurídico-epistemológicas que animam controvérsias nas quais formas distintas de coprodução de evidências médicas afetam e são afetadas pelas elites biomédicas.
Machine learning modeling of superconducting critical temperature
Creators: name: Stanev, Valentin
name: Oses, Corey
name: Kusne, A. Gilad
name: Rodriguez, Efrain
name: Paglione, Johnpierre
name: Curtarolo, Stefano
name: Takeuchi, Ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Superconductivity has been the focus of enormous research effort since its discovery more than a century ago. Yet, some features of this unique phenomenon remain poorly understood; prime among these is the connection between superconductivity and chemical/structural properties of materials. To bridge the gap, several machine learning schemes are developed herein to model the critical temperatures ($T_{\mathrm{c}}$) of the 12,000+ known superconductors available via the SuperCon database. Materials are first divided into two classes based on their $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ values, above and below 10 K, and a classification model predicting this label is trained. The model uses coarse-grained features based only on the chemical compositions. It shows strong predictive power, with out-of-sample accuracy of about 92%. Separate regression models are developed to predict the values of $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ for cuprate, iron-based, and "low-$T_{\mathrm{c}}$" compounds. These models also demonstrate good performance, with learned predictors offering potential insights into the mechanisms behind superconductivity in different families of materials. To improve the accuracy and interpretability of these models, new features are incorporated using materials data from the AFLOW Online Repositories. Finally, the classification and regression models are combined into a single integrated pipeline and employed to search the entire Inorganic Crystallographic Structure Database (ICSD) for potential new superconductors. We identify more than 30 non-cuprate and non-iron-based oxides as candidate materials.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Bulgeless galaxies in the COSMOS field: environment and star formation evolution at $z < 1$
Creators: name: Grossi, M.
name: Fernandes, C. A. C.
name: Sobral, D.
name: Afonso, J.
name: Telles, E.
name: Bizzocchi, L.
name: Paulino-Afonso, A.
name: Matute, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining the catalogue of galaxy morphologies in the COSMOS field and the sample of H$α$ emitters at redshifts $z=0.4$ and $z=0.84$ of the HiZELS survey, we selected $\sim$ 220 star-forming bulgeless systems (Sérsic index $n \leq 1.5$) at both epochs. We present their star formation properties and we investigate their contribution to the star formation rate function (SFRF) and global star formation rate density (SFRD) at $z < 1$. For comparison, we also analyse H$α$ emitters with more structurally evolved morphologies that we split into two classes according to their Sérsic index $n$: intermediate ($ 1.5 < n \leq 3 $) and bulge-dominated ($n > 3$). At both redshifts the SFRF is dominated by the contribution of bulgeless galaxies and we show that they account for more than 60% of the cosmic SFRD at $z < 1$. The decrease of the SFRD with redshift is common to the three morphological types but it is stronger for bulge-dominated systems. Star-forming bulgeless systems are mostly located in regions of low to intermediate galaxy densities ($Σ\sim 1 - 4$ Mpc$^{-2}$) typical of field-like and filament-like environments and their specific star formation rates (sSFRs) do not appear to vary strongly with local galaxy density. Only few bulgeless galaxies in our sample have high (sSFR $>$ 10$^{-9}$ yr$^{-1}$) and these are mainly low-mass systems. Above $M_* \sim 10^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$ bulgeless are evolving at a "normal" rate (10$^{-9}$ yr$^{-1}
description: 14 page, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Approximate Decoherence of Histories and 't Hooft's Deterministic Quantum Theory
Creators: name: Halliwell, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper explores the possibility that an exactly decoherent set of histories may be constructed from an approximately decoherent set by small distortions of the operators characterizing the histories. In particular, for the case of histories of positions and momenta, this is achieved by doubling the set of operators and then finding, amongst this enlarged set, new position and momentum operators which commute, so decohere exactly, and which are ``close'' to the original operators. The enlarged, exactly decoherent, theory has the same classical dynamics as the original one, and coincides with the so-called deterministic quantum theories of the type recently studied by 't Hooft. These results suggest that the comparison of standard and deterministic quantum theories may provide an alternative method of characterizing emergent classicality. A side-product is the surprising result that histories of momenta in the quantum Brownian motion model (for the free particle in the high-temperature limit) are exactly decoherent.
description: 41 pages, plain Tex
Mass Segregation in Young Magellanic Clouds Star Clusters: Four Clusters observed with HST
Creators: name: Gouliermis, D.
name: Keller, S. C.
name: Kontizas, M.
name: Kontizas, E.
name: Bellas-Velidis, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of our investigation on the phenomenon of mass segregation in young star clusters in the Magellanic Clouds. HST/WFPC2 observations on NGC 1818, NGC 2004 & NGC 2100 in the Large Magellanic Cloud and NGC 330 in the Small Magellanic Cloud have been used for the application of diagnostic tools for mass segregation: i) the radial density profiles of the clusters for various mass groups and ii) their mass functions (MFs) at various radii around their centres. All four clusters are found to be mass segregated, but each one in a different manner. Specifically not all the clusters in the sample show the same dependence of their density profiles on the selected magnitude range, with NGC 1818 giving evidence of a strong such relation and NGC 330 showing only a hint of the phenomenon. NGC 2004 did not also show any significant signature of mass segregation in its density profiles. The MFs radial dependence provides clear proof of the phenomenon for NGC 1818, NGC 2100 and NGC 2004, while for NGC 330 it gives only indications. An investigation on the constraints introduced by the application of both diagnostic tools is presented. We also discuss the problems related to the construction of a reliable MF for a cluster and their impact on the investigation of the phenomenon of mass segregation. We find that the MFs of these clusters as they were constructed with two methods, are comparable to Salpeter's IMF. A discussion is given on the dynamical status of the clusters and a test is applied on the equipartition among several mass groups in them. Both showed that the observed mass segregation in the clusters is of primordial nature.
description: A&A Accepted, 20 pages, 9 Figures, Version with language errors and typos corrected
Astragaloside IV ameliorates metabolic disorder in db/db obese mice as a PPARγ antagonist
Creators: name: Wu, Hui
name: Wang, Gao-Rui
name: Wang, Xin-Ting
name: Bai, Yu-Yan
name: Yuan, Jin-Feng
name: Yang, Liu
name: Huang, Fei
name: Shi, Hai-Lian
name: Wu, Xiao-Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Metabolic disorder is highly related to obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. The present study found that astragaloside IV (ASI) attenuated metabolic disorder related symptoms and modulated hepatic lipid metabolism associated gene mRNA expression in db/db mice. ASI inhibited rosiglitazone-induced adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells, and lipid accumulation in palmitic acid (PA)-induced HepG2 cells with down-regulated mRNA expression of lipogenesis-related genes. In addition, it was predicted to bind to the ligand binding domain (LBD) of PPARγ and inhibit its transactivity. Collectively, our study suggested that ASI improves lipid metabolism in obese mice probably through suppressing PPARγ activity.
Spherical Voids in Newton-Friedmann Universe
Creators: name: Triay, Roland
name: Fliche, Henri-Hugues
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the cosmological constant favours significantly the growth of voids in the universe. This dynamical effect is investigated within a newtonian approach with an extension to Friedmann-Lema\^ıtre model.
description: to appear
Chicken γδ T cells proliferate upon IL-2 and IL-12 treatment and show a restricted receptor repertoire in cell culture
Creators: name: Linti, Antonia E.
name: Göbel, Thomas W.
name: Früh, Simon P.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: chicken γδ TCR
subject: IL-2
subject: IL-12
subject: in vitro culture
subject: γδ T cell subsets
subject: TCR repertoire analysis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: In chickens, γδ T cells represent a large fraction of peripheral T cells; however, their function remains largely unknown. Here, we describe the selective in vitro expansion of γδ T cells from total splenocytes by stimulation with the cytokines IL-2 and IL-12. Under these conditions, γδ T cells proliferated preferentially and reached frequencies of >95% within three weeks. Although IL-2 alone also triggered proliferation, an increased proliferation rate was observed in combination with IL-12. Most of the expanded cells were γδ TCR and CD8 double-positive. Splenocytes sorted into TCR1+CD8+, TCR1highCD8−, and TCR1lowCD8− subsets proliferated well upon dual stimulation with IL-2/IL-12, indicating that none of the three γδ T cell subsets require bystander activation for proliferation. TCR1+CD8+ cells maintained CD8 surface expression during stimulation, whereas CD8− subpopulations showed varied levels of CD8 upregulation, with the highest upregulation observed in the TCR1high subset. Changes in the γδ T-cell receptor repertoire during cell culture from day 0 to day 21 were analyzed by next-generation sequencing of the γδ variable regions. Overall, long-term culture led to a restricted γ and δ chain repertoire, characterized by a reduced number of unique variable region clonotypes, and specific V genes were enriched at day 21. On day 0, the δ chain repertoire was highly diverse, and the predominant clonotypes differed between animals, while the most frequent γ-chain clonotypes were shared between animals. However, on day 21, the most frequent clonotypes in both the γ and δ chain repertoires were different between animals, indicating that selective expansion of dominant clonotypes during stimulation seems to be an individual outcome. In conclusion, IL-2 and IL-12 were sufficient to stimulate the in vitro outgrowth of γδ T cells. Analyses of the TCR repertoire indicate that the culture leads to an expansion of individual T cell clones, which may reflect previous in vivo activation. This system will be instrumental in studying γδ T cell function.
Dissecting the knee - Air shower measurements with KASCADE
Creators: name: al, J. R. Hoerandel et
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results of the KASCADE air shower experiment are presented in order to shed some light on the astrophysics of cosmic rays in the region of the knee in the energy spectrum. The results include investigations of high-energy interactions in the atmosphere, the analysis of the arrival directions of cosmic rays, the determination of the mean logarithmic mass, and the unfolding of energy spectra for elemental groups.
Unravelling highly oxidized nickel centers in the anodic black film formed during the Simons process by in situ X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy
Creators: name: Senges, Gene
name: Buzanich, Ana Guilherme
name: Lindic, Tilen
name: Gully, Tyler A.
name: Winter, Marlon
name: Radtke, Martin
name: Röder, Bettina
name: Steinhauer, Simon
name: Paulus, Beate
name: Riedel, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Simons process
subject: anodic black film
subject: X-ray absorption spectroscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The Simons process is an electrochemical fluorination method to prepare organofluorine compounds. Despite the wide application, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. We report the investigation of the black film formed on the surface of the anodes in aHF by an in situ Ni K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) investigation. An electrochemical cell for in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is presented.
Evaluating Hybrid AI For Prediction Over Lung Cancer Knowledge Graphs
Creators: name: Safaei, Sahar
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Knowledge Graph
subject: Link Prediction
subject: Inductive Knowledge
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: Link prediction is of great importance in the field of knowledge graphs, as it plays a key role in facilitating knowledge discovery and supporting decision-making, especially in healthcare. Although knowledge graphs provide a structured representation of data, challenges arise from data integration and quality assurance issues. The presence of inaccuracies, outdated information and inconsistencies poses a threat to data quality, requiring ongoing efforts to address incomplete or missing data. The challenges posed by data quality issues are multifaceted and contribute to an overall reduction in the reliability of information. In the era of big data and artificial intelligence, dealing with incomplete information and missing data is a challenge. Inductive learning, a form of machine learning that involves making generalizations based on specific examples, can be a valuable approach for link prediction to overcome some obstacles associated with knowledge graphs in healthcare. In response to these challenges, link prediction is becoming as a valuable technique to improve the quality of knowledge graphs by filling in missing links. The state-of-the-art proposes various approaches for knowledge graph completion and link predictions involves the evaluation of different embeddings and symbolic learning models. Experimental benchmarks are designed to evaluate different models and relations types and provide insights into their effectiveness. This research aims to develop a framework for evaluation of hybrid AI models over lung cancer knowledge graph. The primary objectives include comparative analysis of embeddings and symbolic learning models, investigation of the impact of data modelling, exploration of the influence of relation types, and evaluation of the impact of knowledge graph enhancing.
Dynamical diffraction in sinusoidal potentials: uniform approximations for Mathieu functions
Creators: name: O'Dell, Duncan H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of Mathieu's equation are found in the short wavelength limit using a uniform approximation (method of comparison with a `known' equation having the same classical turning point structure) applied in Fourier space. The uniform approximation used here relies upon the fact that by passing into Fourier space the Mathieu equation can be mapped onto the simpler problem of a double well potential. The resulting eigenfunctions (Bloch waves), which are uniformly valid for all angles, are then used to describe the semiclassical scattering of waves by potentials varying sinusoidally in one direction. In such situations, for instance in the diffraction of atoms by gratings made of light, it is common to make the Raman-Nath approximation which ignores the motion of the atoms inside the grating. When using the eigenfunctions no such approximation is made so that the dynamical diffraction regime (long interaction time) can be explored.
description: 36 pages, 16 figures. This updated version includes important references to existing work on uniform approximations, such as Olver's method applied to the modified Mathieu equation. It is emphasised that the paper presented here pertains to Fourier space uniform approximations
Public Perceptions of Alternative Protein Sources: Implications for Responsible Agrifood Transition Pathways
Creators: name: Amoneit, Madita
name: Weckowska, Dagmara
name: Preiss, Myriam
name: Biedermann, Annette
name: Gellrich, Leon
name: Dreher, Carsten
name: Schreiner, Monika
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: agrifood transitions
subject: alternative protein sources
subject: responsible innovation
subject: inclusion
subject: public perception
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::640 Hauswirtschaft und Familie::641 Essen und Trinken

description: Our agrifood systems require transformation to meet today’s challenges, especially the growing demand for protein. Promising alternative protein sources include algae, crickets and jellyfish, but little is known how the public perceives these future options. We argue that to identify responsible pathways for the protein transitions, the public’s views need to be explored. Consequently, the aim of this study was to understand public perceptions of three alternative future pathways for protein transition. Our survey of 474 respondents in Germany showed that the consumption of algae in the future is perceived as possible and more probable than the consumption of animal-based sources of proteins such as cricket and jellyfish. Gender, age, geographical location and food habits were found to influence these perceptions. Reflecting on the differences in the public perceptions of three alternative protein sources, we discuss how inclusive these future visions are and how to manage the innovation and transition responsibly.
Regional warming induced by urban surface expansion in Shanghai
Creators: name: ZHAO, De-Ming
name: WU, Jian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Hematology

description: To detect the impacts of urban surface expansion on surface air temperature at 2-m (SAT) in Shanghai, China, nested numerical integrations based on satellite-derived urban data between the 1980s and 2010s were performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Urban surface expansion induced an annual-averaged warming of 0.31 °C from 1980 to 2016 across the whole of Shanghai, showing the greatest intensity between 2010 and 2016. The values were 0.36, 0.78, and 0.75 °C over grids that were classified as urban in both time periods (U2U), land-use grids that changed from non-urban to urban (N2U), and urban areas (including U2U and N2U), respectively, and revealed weak warming over the inner-ring areas because the urban surfaces had been there since the 1980s, whereas warming areas were coincident with the outward expansion of the urban surface. Meanwhile, marked seasonal variations could be detected, which were greater in spring and summer but less in autumn and winter. The approximately homogenously distributed SAT maximum (weaker) and heterogeneously SAT minimum (stronger) contributed to the decreased diurnal temperature range. Regional warming induced by urban surface expansion was approximately 0.12 °C per decade, which accounted for 19% of the overall warming across the whole of Shanghai. The values were 0.11 °C per decade and 0.39 °C per decade over U2U and N2U, which accounted for approximately 17% and 42% of the overall warming, respectively, and resulted in approximately 41% of the overall warming over urban areas.
Lorentz Invariance and QCD Equation of Motion Relations for Generalized Parton Distributions and the Dynamical Origin of Proton Orbital Angular Momentum
Creators: name: Rajan, Abha
name: Engelhardt, Michael
name: Liuti, Simonetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive new Lorentz Invariance and Equation of Motion Relations between twist-three Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) and moments in the parton transverse momentum, $k_T$, of twist-two Generalized Transverse Momentum-Dependent Distributions (GTMDs), as a function of the parton longitudinal momentum fraction $x$. Although GTMDs in principle define the observables for partonic orbital motion, experiments that can unambiguously detect them appear remote at present. The relations presented here provide a solution to this impasse in that, e.g., the orbital angular momentum density is connected to directly measurable twist-three GPDs. Out of 16 possible Equation of Motion relations that can be written in the T-even sector, we focus on three helicity configurations that can be detected analyzing specific spin asymmetries: two correspond to longitudinal proton polarization and are associated with quark orbital angular momentum and spin-orbit correlations; the third, obtained for transverse proton polarization, is a generalization of the relation obeyed by the $g_2$ structure function. We also exhibit an additional relation connecting the off-forward extension of the Sivers function to an off-forward Qiu-Sterman term.
description: 37 pages, 2 figures
Deformed dispersion relations and the degree of coherence function
Creators: name: Camacho, A.
name: Macias, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of the modifications that the presence of a deformed dispersion relation entails in the roots of the so--called degree of coherence function, for a beam embodying two different frequencies and moving in a Michelson interferometer, is carried out. The conditions to be satisfied, in order to detect this kind of quantum gravity effect, are also obtained.
title: Jointly Addressing the Three Red Waves: Poverty, Inequality, and Climate Change
Creators: name: Hasanaj, Valon
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 320 Political science

description: Poverty, inequality, and climate change –which, I refer to as ‘the three red waves’− are the defining issues of our time (Stern, 2009; World Bank, 2021a). They are all interconnected and their trends have clearly deteriorated in recent years. Firstly, the twenty-five-year trend of constantly declining global extreme poverty was interrupted in 2020, and currently, around 10 percent of the world's population lives in unbearable conditions (World Bank, 2020). Secondly, economic inequality continues to increase at unprecedented levels, with the richest 10 percent earning 52 percent of the world’s share of total income and possessing 76 percent of the total wealth (Chancel et al., 2022). Thirdly, climate change poses a persistent and existential threat, with the temperatures on Earth reaching record highs in recent decades, and exposing more than six billion people to moderate or severe ecological hazards (Stern, 2007, p.vi). Apparently, these issues are serious and persistent, and current government policy responses will determine the scale of future repercussions for human civilization and our planet.
This dissertation primarily focuses on contemporary welfare states and environmental states, as uniquely positioned domains to jointly address ‘the three red waves’. Looking through the lens of these policy areas, and later expanding on their policy instruments and policy actors, in this research work I propose a three-fold contribution. In terms of policy areas, I developed a novel and systematic theoretical framework to explain global contemporary welfare state policy variations and directions. Building on a formal three-stage process, the framework includes the most pressing social, economic, and environmental risks of the twenty-first century, and it is empirically validated by advanced empirical methods, using a uniquely assembled dataset for one-hundred-fifty countries. Following these findings, I later present a refined theoretical and empirical understanding of the eco-welfare state −a concept aimed at exploring and promoting synergies between welfare states and environmental states. Moreover, considering that these policy areas can only be successful in tackling ‘the three red waves’ if crucial policy instruments are implemented and responsible policy actors take effective measures, I offer two other findings: I present a novel approach for predicting the pathways that lead to the highest public support for a policy instrument, and then provide insights into the variations in government leaders' responses to a specific crisis.
Additional file 1 of Circuit- and laminar-specific regulation of medial prefrontal neurons by chronic stress
Creators: name: Liu, Wei-Zhu
name: Wang, Chun-Yan
name: Wang, Yu
name: Cai, Mei-Ting
name: Zhong, Wei-Xiang
name: Liu, Tian
name: Wang, Zhi-Hao
name: Pan, Han-Qing
name: Zhang, Wen-Hua
name: Pan, Bing-Xing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Characterizations of the specificity of BLA- and NAc- projecting neurons in mPFC. A Representative images showing the co-labeling of mPFC→BLA PNsand pyramidal neuronal marker-CaMKIIα. Scale bar: 100 μm. B Summary plots showing the ratio of CaMKIIα expressing cells in mPFC→BLA PNs. C Representative images showing the colabeling of mPFC→NAc PNsand CaMKIIα. Scale bar: 100 μm. D Summary plots showing the ratio of CaMKIIα expressing cells in mPFC→NAc PNs. Figure S2. CUS significantly induces anxiety-like behavior in mice. A Experimental procedures. B Representative activity tracking in EPMT. C, D Summary plots of time in open arms  and open-arm entries  during EPMT. E Representative activity tracking in center area OFT. F Summary plots of time in center area during OFT. G Summary plots of total distance travelled during OFT. H Summary plots of mean speed during OFT. Figure S3. CUS markedly decreases inhibitory synaptic transmission onto dmPFC→BLA PN in layer V. A Representative traces showing mEPSCs in dmPFC layer II/III. B, C Summary plots of averaged mEPSCs frequency  and amplitude . D Representative traces showing mEPSCs in dmPFC layer V. E,F Summary plots of averaged mEPSCs frequency  and amplitude . G Representative traces showing mIPSCs in dmPFC layer II/III. H, I Summary plots of averaged mIPSCs frequency  and amplitude. J Representative traces showing mIPSCs in dmPFC layer V. K, L Summary plots of averaged mIPSCs frequency and amplitude. M Summary plots of I/E frequency ratio in dmPFC layer II/III. N Summary plots of I/E amplitude ratio in dmPFC layer II/III. O Summary plots of I/E frequency ratio in dmPFC layer V. P Summary plots of I/E amplitude ratio dmPFC layer V. Figure S4. CUS does not changes synaptic transmission onto both vmPFC→BLA or vmPFC→NAc PN. A Representative traces showing mEPSCs in vmPFC layer II/III. B, C Summary plots of averaged mEPSCs frequency and amplitude. D Representative traces showing mEPSCs in vmPFC layer V. E,F Summary plots of averaged mEPSCs frequency and amplitude. G Representative traces showing mIPSCs in vmPFC layer II/III. H, I Summary plots of averaged mIPSCs frequency  and amplitude. J Representative traces showing mIPSCs in vmPFC layer V. K, L Summary plots of averaged mIPSCs frequency and amplitude. M Summary plots of I/E frequency ratio in vmPFC layer II/III. N Summary plots of I/E amplitude ratio in vmPFC layer II/III. O Summary plots of I/E frequency ratio in vmPFC layer V. P Summary plots of I/E amplitude ratio in vmPFC layer V.
CETE-P: Research Topics in 2024
Creators: name: Urban, Petr
name: Hříbek, Tomáš
name: Hvorecký, Juraj
name: Skotarska, Julita
name: Svěrák, Vojtěch
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Presentation of CETE-P Research Topics for students at the University of Olomouc - 1 March, 2024 (available in Czech only).
On-site detection of sub-mg/kg melamine mixed in powdered infant formula and chocolate using sharp-edged gold nanostar substrates
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thi Ha
name: Nguyen, Thanh Danh
name: Nguyen Hoang Ly
name: Kwak, Cheol Hwan
name: Huh, Yun Suk
name: Sang-Woo Joo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We report a facile method for sample preparation and sensitive on-site detection of melamine in powdered infant formula and chocolate using Raman spectroscopy on sharp-edged gold nanostars (AuNSs). The aggregation of AuNSs by sodium chloride (1.2 M) facilitates the more sensitive detection of melamine in comparison with spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Density functional theory quantum mechanical calculations were performed to determine the energetic stability on gold cluster atoms. Our spectroscopic data indicated that AuNSs are an efficient platform for detecting melamine in food mixtures. The detection limits of melamine in powdered infant formula and chocolate were found to be ~0.1 mg/kg and ~1 mg/kg respectively on AuNPs, whereas they were observed to be ~0.01 mg/kg and ~0.1 mg/kg respectively on AuNSs,. Using a hand-held Raman spectrometer, a sub-mg/kg detection of melamine in both powdered infant formula and chocolate could be achieved within a few minutes.
Think. Evolutionary. Transitions.
Creators: name: Kamoun, Sophien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description:  

Read it on Medium (recommended).

Unravelling evolutionary pathways is key to understanding molecular mechanisms, providing insights into how genes and proteins have evolved to acquire their current functions. However, molecular biologists sometimes appear indifferent to evolution, questioning its relevance to mechanistic research.

 

In recent years, my lab — or perhaps it’s just me — has developed an obsession with evolutionary transitions. The view that every gene originates from an ancestral state and undergoes impactful changes through its evolutionary journey, whether it’s the gain or loss of an activity or function. The challenge lies in meticulously mapping out these key evolutionary innovations that have significantly influenced function. Addressing this challenge is not merely interesting but absolutely essential in biology. Our aim as biologists transcends understanding how biological systems operate; we seek to unravel how they came to be. And the two questions are more connected than many think.

This post stems from my observation that molecular biologists sometimes appear indifferent to evolution, questioning its relevance to mechanistic research. It baffles me why the centrality of evolution in biology isn’t apparent to some. Maybe they’ve never taken a course on the subject, or perhaps they’ve never fully appreciated the profound concept that every organism and every gene is connected through an unbroken chain of descent to countless ancestors. This perspective holds profound implications for mechanistic molecular biology.
On the origin of the system PSR B1757-24/SNR G5.4-1.2
Creators: name: Gvaramadze, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scenario for the origin of the system PSR B1757-24/supernova remnant (SNR) G5.4-1.2 is proposed. It is suggested that both objects are the remnants of a supernova (SN) that exploded within a pre-existing bubble blown-up by a runaway massive star (the SN progenitor) during the final (Wolf-Rayet) phase of its evolution. This suggestion implies that (a) the SN blast centre was significantly offset from the geometric centre of the wind-blown bubble (i.e. from the centre of the future SNR), (b) the bubble was surrounded by a massive wind-driven shell, and (c) the SN blast wave was drastically decelerated by the interaction with the shell. Therefore, one can understand how the relatively young and low-velocity pulsar PSR B1757-24 was able to escape from the associated SNR G5.4-1.2 and why the inferred vector of pulsar transverse velocity does not point away from the geometric centre of the SNR. A possible origin of the radio source G5.27-0.9 (located between PSR B1757-24 and the SNR G5.4-1.2) is proposed. It is suggested that G5.27-0.9 is a lobe of a low Mach number (\simeq 1.7) jet of gas outflowing from the interior of G5.4-1.2 through the hole bored in the SNR's shell by the escaping pulsar. It is also suggested that the non-thermal emission of the comet-shaped pulsar wind nebula originates in the vicinity of the termination shock and in the cylindric region of subsonically moving shocked pulsar wind. The role of magnetized wind-driven shells (swept-up during the Wolf-Rayet phase from the ambient interstellar medium with the regular magnetic field) in formation of elongated axisymmetric SNRs is discussed.
description: 7 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
On 1-qubit channels
Creators: name: Uhlmann, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entropy H_T(rho) of a state rho with respect to a channel T and the Holevo capacity of the channel require the solution of difficult variational problems. For a class of 1-qubit channels, which contains all the extremal ones, the problem can be significantly simplified by associating an Hermitian antilinear operator theta to every channel of the considered class. The concurrence of the channel can be expressed by theta and turns out to be a flat roof. This allows to write down an explicit expression for H_T. Its maximum would give the Holevo (1-shot) capacity.
description: 12 pages, several printing or latex errors corrected
Applying functional data analysis to assess tele-interpersonal psychotherapy's efficacy to reduce depression
Creators: name: Henok Woldu
name: Heckman, Timothy G.
name: Handel, Andreas
name: Shen, Ye
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The use of parametric linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models to analyze longitudinal data collected during randomized control trials (RCT) is conventional. The application of these methods, however, is restricted due to various assumptions required by these models. When the number of observations per subject is sufficiently large, and individual trajectories are noisy, functional data analysis (FDA) methods serve as an alternative to parametric longitudinal data analysis techniques. However, the use of FDA in RCTs is rare. In this paper, the effectiveness of FDA and linear mixed models (LMMs) was compared by analyzing data from rural persons living with HIV and comorbid depression enrolled in a depression treatment randomized clinical trial. Interactive voice response systems were used for weekly administrations of the 10-item Self-Administered Depression Scale (SADS) over 41 weeks. Functional principal component analysis and functional regression analysis methods detected a statistically significant difference in SADS between telphone-administered interpersonal psychotherapy (tele-IPT) and controls but linear mixed effects model results did not. Additional simulation studies were conducted to compare FDA and LMMs under a different nonlinear trajectory assumption. In this clinical trial with sufficient per subject measured outcomes and individual trajectories that are noisy and nonlinear, we found FDA methods to be a better alternative to LMMs.
Autoreactivity to malondialdehyde-modifications in rheumatoid arthritis is linked to disease activity and synovial pathogenesis
Creators: name: Gronwall, Caroline
name: Amara, Khaled
name: Hardt, Uta
name: Krishnamurthy, Akilan
name: Steen, Johanna
name: Engstrom, Marianne
name: Sun, Meng
name: Ytterberg, A. Jimmy
name: Zubarev, Roman A.
name: Scheel-Toellner, Dagmar
name: Greenberg, Jeffrey D.
name: Klareskog, Lars
name: Catrina, Anca I.
name: Malmstrom, Vivianne
name: Silverman, Gregg J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Oxidation-associated malondialdehyde (MDA) modification of proteins can generate immunogenic neo-epitopes that are recognized by autoantibodies. In health, IgM antibodies to MDA-adducts are part of the natural antibody pool, while elevated levels of IgG anti-MDA are associated with inflammatory conditions. Yet, in human autoimmune disease IgG anti-MDA responses have not been well characterized and their potential contribution to disease pathogenesis is not known. Here, we investigate MDA-modifications and anti-MDA-modified protein autoreactivity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). While RA is primarily associated with autoreactivity to citrullinated antigens, we also observed increases in serum IgG anti-MDA in RA patients compared to controls. IgG anti-MDA levels significantly correlated with disease activity by DAS28-ESR and serum TNF-alpha, IL-6, and CRP. Mass spectrometry analysis of RA synovial tissue identified MDA-modified proteins and revealed shared peptides between MDA-modified and citrullinated actin and vimentin. Furthermore, anti-MDA autoreactivity among synovial B cells was discovered when investigating recombinant monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) cloned from single B cells. Several clones were highly specific for MDA-modification with no cross-reactivity to other antigen modifications. The mAbs recognized MDA-adducts in a variety of proteins. Interestingly, the most reactive clone, originated from an IgG1-bearing memory B cell, was encoded by germline variable genes, and showed similarity to previously reported natural IgM. Other anti-MDA clones display somatic hypermutations and lower reactivity. These anti-MDA antibodies had significant in vitro functional properties and induced enhanced osteoclastogenesis, while the natural antibody related high-reactivity clone did not. We postulate that these may represent distinctly different facets of anti-MDA autoreactive responses.
title: Lettres de Jacques Leibowitch au Docteur Pierre Sonigo (Institut Cochin de Génétique Moléculaire)
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-20193111133930938
description: created: start=1994-11-08;end=1997-06-05
Quasi-stationary states and fermion pair creation from a vacuum in supercritical Coulomb field
Creators: name: Khalilov, V. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Creation of charged fermion pair from a vacuum in the so-called supercritical Coulomb potential is examined for the case when created pair moves in one plane. In which case the quantum dynamics of charged massive or massless fermions can be described by the two-dimensional Dirac Hamiltonians with a Coulomb potential. These Hamiltonians are singular and require the additional definition in order for them to be treated as self-adjoint quantum-mechanical operators. We construct the self-adjoint two-dimensional Dirac Hamiltonians with a Coulomb potential and determine the quantum-mechanical states for such Hamiltonians in the corresponding Hilbert spaces of square-integrable functions. We determine the scattering amplitude in which the self-adjoint extension parameter is incorporated and then obtain the equations implicitly defining the possible discrete energy spectra of the self-adjoint Dirac Hamiltonians with a Coulomb potential. It is shown that the quantum system in the presence of a supercritical Coulomb potential becomes unstable which manifests in the appearance of quasi-stationary states in the lower (negative) energy continuum. The energy spectrum of these states is quasi-discrete, consists of broadened levels whose width is related to the inverse lifetime of the quasi-stationary state as well as the creation probability of charged fermion pair by supercritical Coulomb field. Explicit analytical expressions for the creation probabilities of charged (massive or massless) fermion pair are obtained in a supercritical Coulomb field.
description: 10 pages
title: Neue Finanzierungsinstrumente als Steuerungsmöglichkeiten im Sinne einer ganzheitlichen Stadtentwicklung
Creators: name: Getzner, Michael
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ökonomische Instrumente
Klimaschutz
Raumplanung
Einsparungspotenzial
Flächenwidmung
Bebauungsplan
urban
suburban
ländlich
Wien

description: Vortrag am Klimatag 2024, Workshop: Klimaneutrale Quartiersentwicklung, Ganzheitliche Transformation im Stadtquartier
String order parameters for 1d Floquet Symmetry Protected Topological Phases
Creators: name: Kumar, Ajesh
name: Dumitrescu, Philipp T.
name: Potter, Andrew C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Floquet symmetry protected topological (FSPT) phases are non-equilibrium topological phases enabled by time-periodic driving. FSPT phases of 1d chains of bosons, spins, or qubits host dynamically protected edge states that can store quantum information without decoherence, making them promising for use as quantum memories. While FSPT order cannot be detected by any local measurement, here we construct non-local string order parameters that directly measure general 1d FSPT order. We propose a superconducting-qubit array based realization of the simplest Ising-FSPT, which can be implemented with existing quantum computing hardware. We devise an interferometric scheme to directly measure the non-local string order using only simple one- and two- qubit operations and single-qubit measurements.
description: 5+4 pages; 4+1 figures; v2. updates Fig. 3, adds additional references
Transgressing the horizons: Time operator in two-dimensional dilaton gravity
Creators: name: Kunstatter, Gabor
name: Louko, Jorma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Dirac quantization of generic single-horizon black holes in two-dimensional dilaton gravity. The classical theory is first partially reduced by a spatial gauge choice under which the spatial surfaces extend from a black or white hole singularity to a spacelike infinity. The theory is then quantized in a metric representation, solving the quantum Hamiltonian constraint in terms of (generalized) eigenstates of the ADM mass operator and specifying the physical inner product by self-adjointness of a time operator that is affinely conjugate to the ADM mass. Regularity of the time operator across the horizon requires the operator to contain a quantum correction that distinguishes the future and past horizons and gives rise to a quantum correction in the hole's surface gravity. We expect a similar quantum correction to be present in systems whose dynamics admits black hole formation by gravitational collapse.
description: 32 pages, 1 eps figure. v2: references and comments added