cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transfer Learning Approach to Bicycle-sharing Systems' Station Location Planning using OpenStreetMap Data
Creators: name: Raczycki, Kamil
name: Szymański, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bicycle-sharing systems (BSS) have become a daily reality for many citizens of larger, wealthier cities in developed regions. However, planning the layout of bicycle-sharing stations usually requires expensive data gathering, surveying travel behavior and trip modelling followed by station layout optimization. Many smaller cities and towns, especially in developing areas, may have difficulty financing such projects. Planning a BSS also takes a considerable amount of time. Yet as the pandemic has shown us, municipalities will face the need to adapt rapidly to mobility shifts, which include citizens leaving public transport for bicycles. Laying out a bike sharing system quickly will become critical in addressing the increase in bike demand. This paper addresses the problem of cost and time in BSS layout design and proposes a new solution to streamline and facilitate the process of such planning by using spatial embedding methods. Based only on publicly available data from OpenStreetMap, and station layouts from 34 cities in Europe, a method has been developed to divide cities into micro-regions using the Uber H3 discrete global grid system and to indicate regions where it is worth placing a station based on existing systems in different cities using transfer learning. The result of the work is a mechanism to support planners in their decision making when planning a station layout with a choice of reference cities.
description: Accepted to 4th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Workshop on Advances in Resilient and Intelligent Cities
Essential L-Amino Acid-Functionalized Graphene Oxide for Liquid Crystalline Phase Formation
Creators: name: Gharagulyan, H.
name: Melikyan, Y.
name: Hayrapetyan, V.
name: Kirakosyan, Kh.
name: Ghazaryan, D. A.
name: Yeranosyan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The colloidal 2D materials based on graphene and its modifications are of great interest when it comes to forming LC phases. These LC phases allow controlling the orientational order of colloidal particles, paving the way for the efficient processing of modified graphene with anisotropic properties. Here, we present the peculiarities of AA functionalization of GO, along with the formation of its LC phase and orientational behavior in an external magnetic field. We discuss the influence of pH on the GOLC, ultimately showing its pH-dependent behavior for GO-AA complexes. In addition, we observe different GO morphology changes due to the presence of AA functional groups, namely L-cysteine dimerization on the GO platform. The pH dependency of AA-functionalized LC phase of GO is examined for the first time. We believe that our studies will open new possibilities for applications in bionanotechnologies due to self-assembling properties of LCs and magnificent properties of GO.
description: 10 pages, 16 figures
Towards Robust Data-Driven Underwater Acoustic Localization: A Deep CNN Solution with Performance Guarantees for Model Mismatch
Creators: name: Weiss, Amir
name: Singer, Andrew C.
name: Wornell, Gregory W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Key challenges in developing underwater acoustic localization methods are related to the combined effects of high reverberation in intricate environments. To address such challenges, recent studies have shown that with a properly designed architecture, neural networks can lead to unprecedented localization capabilities and enhanced accuracy. However, the robustness of such methods to environmental mismatch is typically hard to characterize, and is usually assessed only empirically. In this work, we consider the recently proposed data-driven method [19] based on a deep convolutional neural network, and demonstrate that it can learn to localize in complex and mismatched environments. To explain this robustness, we provide an upper bound on the localization mean squared error (MSE) in the ``true" environment, in terms of the MSE in a ``presumed" environment and an additional penalty term related to the environmental discrepancy. Our theoretical results are corroborated via simulation results in a rich, highly reverberant, and mismatch channel.
Dissipative superfluid relativistic magnetohydrodynamics of a multicomponent fluid: the combined effect of particle diffusion and vortices
Creators: name: Dommes, Vasiliy A.
name: Gusakov, Mikhail E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate dissipative magnetohydrodynamic equations for finite-temperature superfluid and superconducting charged relativistic mixtures, taking into account the effects of particle diffusion and possible presence of Feynman-Onsager and/or Abrikosov vortices in the system. The equations depend on a number of phenomenological transport coefficients, which describe, in particular, relative motions of different particle species and their interaction with vortices. We demonstrate how to relate these transport coefficients to the mutual friction parameters and momentum transfer rates arising in the microscopic theory. The resulting equations can be used to study, in a unified and coherent way, a very wide range of phenomena associated with dynamical processes in neutron stars, e.g., the magnetothermal evolution, stellar oscillations and damping, as well as development and suppression of various hydrodynamic instabilities in neutron stars.
description: 30 pages, accepted for publication in PRD
A Polynomial Time Test to Detect Number with Many Exceptional Points
Creators: name: Carpenter, Ryan
name: Samuels, Charles L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G50, 11R04, 11B39, 11Y16, 15A06, 90C05

description: For each algebraic number $α$ and each positive real number $t$, the $t$-metric Mahler measure $m_t(α)$ creates an extremal problem whose solution varies depending on the value of $t$. The second author studied the points $t$ at which the solution changes, called {\it exceptional points for $α$}. Although each algebraic number has only finitely many exceptional points, it is conjectured that, for every $N \in \mathbb N$, there exists a number having at least $N$ exceptional points. In this article, we describe a polynomial time algorithm for establishing the existence of numbers with at least $N$ exceptional points. Our work constitutes an improvement over the best known existing algorithm which requires exponential time. We apply our main result to show that there exist numbers with at least $37$ exceptional points, another improvement over previous work which was only able to reach $11$ exceptional points.
description: 12 pages
Formation of carbon interstitial-related defect levels by thermal injection of carbon into $n$-type 4$H$-SiC
Creators: name: Karsthof, Robert
name: Bathen, Marianne Etzelmüller
name: Kuznetsov, Andrej
name: Vines, Lasse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrical properties of point defects in 4$H$-SiC have been studied extensively, but those related to carbon interstitials (C$_{i}$) have remained surprisingly elusive until now. Indeed, when introduced via ion irradiation or implantation, signatures related to C$_{i}$ observed by deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) tend to overlap with those of other primary defects, making the direct identification of C$_{i}$-related levels difficult. Recent literature has suggested to assign the so-called M center, often found in as-irradiated 4H-SiC, to charge state transitions of the C$_{i}$ defect in different configurations. In this work, we have introduced excess carbon into low-doped n-type 150 μm thick 4$H$-SiC epilayers by thermal annealing, with a pyrolyzed carbon cap on the sample surface acting as a carbon source. Because the layers exhibited initially low concentrations of carbon vacancies ([V$_{C}$] = 10$^{11}$ cm$^{-3}$), this enabled us to study the case of complete V$_{C}$ annihilation, and formation of defects due to excess carbon, i.e. carbon interstitials C$_{i}$ and their higher-order complexes. We report on the occurrence of several new levels upon C injection which are likely C$_{i}$-related. Their properties are different from those found for the M center, which points towards a different structural identity of the detected levels. This suggests the existence of a rich variety of C$_{i}$-related defects. The study will also help generating new insights into the microscopic process of V$_{C}$ annihilation during carbon injection processes.
Additional file 2 of Novel immune-related genes in the tumor microenvironment with prognostic value in breast cancer
Creators: name: Tan, Wen
name: Liu, Maomao
name: Wang, Liangshan
name: Guo, Yang
name: Wei, Changsheng
name: Zhang, Shuqi
name: Luo, Chengyu
name: Liu, Nan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2 Fig. S2. The high and low expression of CD226 and KLRC4-KLRK1 did not show any survival differences in stage I, the luminal A subtype, the HER2-enriched subtype or the basal-like subtype of breast cancer. The survival probability differences of high and low (A) CD226 and (B) KLRC4-KLRK1 expression in stage I breast cancer; the survival probability differences of high and low CD226 expression in the (C) luminal A, (D) luminal B, and (E) HER2-enriched subtypes of breast cancer; the survival probability differences of high and low KLRC4-KLRK1 expression in the (F) luminal A, (G) luminal B, and (H) HER2-enriched subtypes of breast cancer. P < 0.05 in the log-rank test.
Additional file 1 of Insights from patients screened but not randomised in the HYPERION trial
Creators: name: Lascarrou, J. B.
name: Muller, Gregoire
name: Quenot, Jean-Pierre
name: Massart, Nicolas
name: Landais, Mickael
name: Asfar, Pierre
name: Frat, Jean-Pierre
name: Chakarian, Jean-Charles
name: Sirodot, Michel
name: Francois, Bruno
name: Grillet, Guillaume
name: Vimeux, Sylvie
name: Delahaye, Arnaud
name: Legriel, Stéphane
name: Thevenin, Didier
name: Reignier, Jean
name: Colin, Gwenhael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Patient flowchart. Figure S2. Distribution of Cerebral Performance Category scores on day 90 after screening.
Cylindrical solutions in metric f(R) gravity
Creators: name: Azadi, A.
name: Momeni, D.
name: Nouri-Zonoz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study static cylindrically symmetric vacuum solutions in Weyl coordinates in the context of the metric f(R) theories of gravity. The set of the modified Einstein equations is reduced to a single equation and it is shown how one can construct exact solutions corresponding to different $f(R)$ models. In particular the family of solutions with constant Ricci scalar ($R=R_{0}$) is found explicitly which, as a special case (R=0), includes the exterior spacetime of a cosmic string. Another new solution with constant, non-zero Ricci scalar is obtained and its possible relation to the Linet-Tian solution in general relativity is discussed.
description: 13 pages, RevTex, Typos corrected and references added
On the fidelity of the core mass functions derived from dust column density data
Creators: name: Kainulainen, J.
name: Lada, C. J.
name: Rathborne, J. M.
name: Alves, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We examine the recoverability and completeness limits of the dense core mass functions (CMFs) derived for a molecular cloud using extinction data and a core identification scheme based on two-dimensional thresholding. Methods: We performed simulations where a population of artificial cores was embedded into the variable background extinction field of the Pipe nebula. We extracted the cores from the simulated extinction maps, constructed the CMFs, and compared them to the input CMFs. The simulations were repeated using a variety of extraction parameters and several core populations with differing input mass functions and differing degrees of crowding. Results: The fidelity of the observed CMF depends on the parameters selected for the core extraction algorithm for our background. More importantly, it depends on how crowded the core population is. We find that the observed CMF recovers the true CMF reliably when the mean separation of cores is larger than their mean diameter (f>1). If this condition holds, the derived CMF is accurate and complete above M > 0.8-1.5 Msun, depending on the parameters used for the core extraction. In the simulations, the best fidelity was achieved with the detection threshold of 1 or 2 times the rms-noise of the extinction data, and with the contour level spacings of 3 times the rms-noise. Choosing larger threshold and wider level spacings increases the limiting mass. The simulations show that when f>1.5, the masses of individual cores are recovered with a typical uncertainty of 25-30 %. When f=1 the uncertainty is ~60 %. In very crowded cases where f<1 the core identification algorithm is unable to recover the masses of the cores adequately. For the cores of the Pipe nebula f~2.0 and therefore the use of the method in that region is justified.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Left-Right Model of Electroweak Interaction with one Bidoublet and one Doublet Higgs Fields
Creators: name: Damanik, Asan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the predictions of the left-right model of electroweak interaction based on $SU(2)_{L}\otimes SU(2)_{R}\otimes U(1)$ gauge group by using one bidoublet and one doublet Higgs fields. We can reproduce the low energy phenomenology of electroweak interaction by choosing the appropriate values of vacuum expectation values of Higgs fields. Leptons can obtain a mass via two scenarios, first via Higgs mechanism with non-zero 'hypercharge-like' $I$ in Lagrangian density mass termms and put the Yukawa couplings $G_{l}>>G_{l}^{*}$, and the second via Higgs mechanism followed by a seesaw mechanism without the requirement $G_{l}>>G_{l}^{*}$.
description: 7 pages, no figure, two references added, typos corrected
Optical properties of 50 CM Browne-Buechner spectrograph
Creators: name: Lee, Kai-Chung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A 50-cm Browne-Buechner broad-range spectrograph is being used at TKIOH.F to measure the production cross section of low energy pions when H and other nuclei are bombarded by energetic protons. These pions are detected by a scintillation counter hodoscope located on the focal plane of the spectrograph. This thesis describes the investigation of the optical properties of the spectrograph, such as magnification, dispersion and aberration. In order to measure these properties to the accuracy desired, it was necessary to obtain the complete field maps of the magnet of the spectrograph. In knowing the optical properties, one can then obtain accurate evaluation of the acceptance which can then be directly used to convert event rates into cross sections. The field in the magnet was measured at several levels of excitation, using both a NMR probe and a Hall probe. First, the field was measured by a NMR probe at 2.5, 5 and 10 kG, and second, the field was re-measured using a Hall probe at 5.0 and 10.0 kG. The field maps were used as data for the ray tracing programme to obtain the complete determination of the magnet optics of the spectrograph. The fits showed that for the central ray, the dispersion was 229. 4 cm/(Δp/p) (3%), the magnification was 2.38 (6%), and the total resolution was 0.157 Δp/p (11%). Also for the central ray, the aberration (the size for a point source of monoenergetic pions at the focus) was 1.436 cm (15%). The values in the parenthesis are percentage deviation from the values for a uniform field Browne-Buechner spectrograph of 50 cm effective radius. For the non-central ray optics, the 50 cm uniform Browne-Buechner model also compared as favorably.
Additional file 1 of Methodological aspects for accelerometer-based assessment of physical activity in heart failure and health
Creators: name: Schwendinger, Fabian
name: Wagner, Jonathan
name: Infanger, Denis
name: Schmidt-Trucksäss, Arno
name: Knaier, Raphael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Linear mixed model results with estimates of daily physical activity (min) ± SE for patients with heart failure and healthy individuals. Table 2. Linear mixed model results with estimates of daily physical activity (min) ± SE for patients with heart failure and healthy individuals. Figure 1. Cardiorespiratory response in % of $$\overset{.}{\mathrm{V}}\mathrm{O}_{2\text{peak}}$$ V . O 2 peak to exercising at 2, 3, and 6 METs across the cardiorespiratory fitness spectrum ( $$\overset{.}{\mathrm{V}}\mathrm{O}_{2\text{peak}}$$ V . O 2 peak range = 10.2 – 65.1 mL.kg-1.min-1) including patients with heart failure (HEART) and healthy individuals (HEALTH). The $$\overset{.}{\mathrm{V}}\mathrm{O}_{2\text{peak}}$$ V . O 2 peak of all participants is displayed on the x-axis. The relative intensity in % of the subjects’ $$\overset{.}{\mathrm{V}}\mathrm{O}_{2\text{peak}}$$ V . O 2 peak that would be required to exercise at the three absolute intensities (2, 3, and 6 METs) is depicted on the y-axis. Intensity categories are marked by the dashed lines. LPA is defined as 0 to < 46% of $$\overset{.}{\mathrm{V}}\mathrm{O}_{2\text{peak}}$$ V . O 2 peak , MPA as 46 to < 64% of $$\overset{.}{\mathrm{V}}\mathrm{O}_{2\text{peak}}$$ V . O 2 peak , and VPA as 64 to 100% of $$\overset{.}{\mathrm{V}}\mathrm{O}_{2\text{peak}}$$ V . O 2 peak . 2 The hatched area symbolizes the intensity that cannot be maintained for a prolonged time, as it exceeds the individual’s cardiorespiratory fitness. Abbreviations: LPA, light physical activity; MPA, moderate physical activity; VPA, vigorous physical activity; $$\overset{.}{\mathrm{V}}\mathrm{O}_{2\text{peak}}$$ V . O 2 peak , peak oxygen uptake.
Baryon axial charges from Chirally Improved fermions - first results
Creators: name: Engel, Georg
name: Gattringer, Christof
name: Glozman, Leonid Ya.
name: Lang, C. B.
name: Limmer, Markus
name: Mohler, Daniel
name: Schäfer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first results from dynamical Chirally Improved (CI) fermion simulations for the axial charge $G_A$ of various hadrons. We work with 16^3x32 lattices of spatial extent 2.4 fm and use the variational method with a suitable basis of Jacobi-smeared interpolators to suppress contaminations from excited states.
description: 7 pages, talk given at the XXVII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 26-31 2009, Peking University, Beijing, China
Tracing the Ionization Structure of the Shocked Filaments of NGC 6240
Creators: name: Medling, Anne M.
name: Kewley, Lisa J.
name: Calzetti, Daniela
name: Privon, George C.
name: Larson, Kirsten
name: Rich, Jeffrey A.
name: Armus, Lee
name: Allen, Mark G.
name: Bicknell, Geoffrey V.
name: Díaz-Santos, Tanio
name: Heckman, Timothy M.
name: Leitherer, Claus
name: Max, Claire E.
name: Rupke, David S. N.
name: Treister, Ezequiel
name: Messias, Hugo
name: Wagner, Alexander Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ionization and excitation structure of the interstellar medium in the late-stage gas-rich galaxy merger NGC 6240 using a suite of emission line maps at $\sim$25 pc resolution from the Hubble Space Telescope, Keck NIRC2 with Adaptive Optics, and ALMA. NGC 6240 hosts a superwind driven by intense star formation and/or one or both of two active nuclei; the outflows produce bubbles and filaments seen in shock tracers from warm molecular gas (H$_2$ 2.12$μ$m) to optical ionized gas ([O III], [N II], [S II], [O I]) and hot plasma (Fe XXV). In the most distinct bubble, we see a clear shock front traced by high [O III]/H$β$ and [O III]/[O I]. Cool molecular gas (CO(2-1)) is only present near the base of the bubble, towards the nuclei launching the outflow. We interpret the lack of molecular gas outside the bubble to mean that the shock front is not responsible for dissociating molecular gas, and conclude that the molecular clouds are partly shielded and either entrained briefly in the outflow, or left undisturbed while the hot wind flows around them. Elsewhere in the galaxy, shock-excited H$_2$ extends at least $\sim$4 kpc from the nuclei, tracing molecular gas even warmer than that between the nuclei, where the two galaxies' interstellar media are colliding. A ridgeline of high [O III]/H$β$ emission along the eastern arm aligns with the south nucleus' stellar disk minor axis; optical integral field spectroscopy from WiFeS suggests this highly ionized gas is centered at systemic velocity and likely photoionized by direct line-of-sight to the south AGN.
description: 27 pages, 18 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ
Ensemble forecasting in the Mediterranean sea
Creators: name: Bonazzi, Alessandro <1979>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: GEO/12 Oceanografia e fisica dell'atmosfera

description: A new methodology is being devised for ensemble ocean forecasting using
distributions of the surface wind field derived from a Bayesian Hierarchical
Model (BHM). The ocean members are forced with samples from the posterior distribution of the wind during the assimilation of satellite and in-situ
ocean data. The initial condition perturbations are then consistent with the
best available knowledge of the ocean state at the beginning of the forecast
and amplify the ocean response to uncertainty only in the forcing.
The ECMWF Ensemble Prediction System (EPS) surface winds are also
used to generate a reference ocean ensemble to evaluate the performance of
the BHM method that proves to be eective in concentrating the forecast
uncertainty at the ocean meso-scale.
An height month experiment of weekly BHM ensemble forecasts was
performed in the framework of the operational Mediterranean Forecasting
System. The statistical properties of the ensemble are compared with model
errors throughout the seasonal cycle proving the existence of a strong relationship between forecast uncertainties due to atmospheric forcing and the
seasonal cycle.
minOffense: Inter-Agreement Hate Terms for Stable Rules, Concepts, Transitivities, and Lattices
Creators: name: Chaturvedi, Animesh
name: Sharma, Rajesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iRGXiJGp3Cc&list=PLtvWi5o3JBnF3yxcjGdT4KCDLxRBIpsyR

description: Hate speech classification has become an important problem due to the spread of hate speech on social media platforms. For a given set of Hate Terms lists (HTs-lists) and Hate Speech data (HS-data), it is challenging to understand which hate term contributes the most for hate speech classification. This paper contributes two approaches to quantitatively measure and qualitatively visualise the relationship between co-occurring Hate Terms (HTs). Firstly, we propose an approach for the classification of hate-speech by producing a Severe Hate Terms list (Severe HTs-list) from existing HTs-lists. To achieve our goal, we proposed three metrics (Hatefulness, Relativeness, and Offensiveness) to measure the severity of HTs. These metrics assist to create an Inter-agreement HTs-list, which explains the contribution of an individual hate term toward hate speech classification. Then, we used the Offensiveness metric values of HTs above a proposed threshold minimum Offense (minOffense) to generate a new Severe HTs-list. To evaluate our approach, we used three hate speech datasets and six hate terms lists. Our approach shown an improvement from 0.845 to 0.923 (best) as compared to the baseline. Secondly, we also proposed Stable Hate Rule (SHR) mining to provide ordered co-occurrence of various HTs with minimum Stability (minStab). The SHR mining detects frequently co-occurring HTs to form Stable Hate Rules and Concepts. These rules and concepts are used to visualise the graphs of Transitivities and Lattices formed by HTs.
description: IEEE 9th International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics (DSAA), October 13-16, 2022, Shenzhen, China. IEEE, 2022. (Core A)
The Evolution of Our Local Cosmic Domain: Effective Causal Limits
Creators: name: Ellis, G. F. R.
name: Stoeger, W. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The causal limit usually considered in cosmology is the particle horizon, delimiting the possibilities of causal connection in the expanding universe. However it is not a realistic indicator of the effective local limits of important interactions in spacetime. We consider here the matter horizon for the Solar System, that is,the comoving region which has contributed matter to our local physical environment. This lies inside the effective domain of dependence, which (assuming the universe is dominated by dark matter along with baryonic matter and vacuum-energy-like dark energy) consists of those regions that have had a significant active physical influence on this environment through effects such as matter accretion and acoustic waves. It is not determined by the velocity of light c, but by the flow of matter perturbations along their world lines and associated gravitational effects. We emphasize how small a region the perturbations which became our Galaxy occupied, relative to the observable universe -- even relative to the smallest-scale perturbations detectable in the cosmic microwave background radiation. Finally, looking to the future of our cosmic domain, we suggest simple dynamical criteria for determining the present domain of influence and the future matter horizon. The former is the radial distance at which our local region is just now separating from the cosmic expansion. The latter represents the limits of growth of the matter horizon in the far future.
description: 18 pages and 2 figures
Monitoring stellar orbits around the Massive Black Hole in the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Gillessen, S.
name: Eisenhauer, F.
name: Trippe, S.
name: Alexander, T.
name: Genzel, R.
name: Martins, F.
name: Ott, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of 16 years of monitoring stellar orbits around the massive black hole in center of the Milky Way using high resolution NIR techniques. This work refines our previous analysis mainly by greatly improving the definition of the coordinate system, which reaches a long-term astrometric accuracy of 300 microarcsecond, and by investigating in detail the individual systematic error contributions. The combination of a long time baseline and the excellent astrometric accuracy of adaptive optics data allow us to determine orbits of 28 stars, including the star S2, which has completed a full revolution since our monitoring began. Our main results are: all stellar orbits are fit extremely well by a single point mass potential to within the astrometric uncertainties, which are now 6 times better than in previous studies. The central object mass is (4.31 +- 0.06|stat +- 0.36|R0) * 10^6 M_sun where the fractional statistical error of 1.5 percent is nearly independent from R0 and the main uncertainty is due to the uncertainty in R0. Our current best estimate for the distance to the Galactic Center is R0 = 8.33 +- 0.35 kpc. The dominant errors in this value is systematic. The mass scales with distance as (3.95 +- 0.06) * 10^6 M_sun * (R0/8kpc)^2.19. The orientations of orbital angular momenta for stars in the central arcsecond are random. We identify six of the stars with orbital solutions as late type stars, and six early-type stars as members of the clockwise rotating disk system, as was previously proposed. We constrain the extended dark mass enclosed between the pericenter and apocenter of S2 at less than 0.066, at the 99% confidence level, of the mass of Sgr A*. This is two orders of magnitudes larger than what one would expect from other theoretical and observational estimates.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ, submitted on April 29, 35 pages, 21 figures
Bayesian multinomial regression with class-specific predictor selection
Creators: name: Gustafson, Paul
name: Lefebvre, Geneviève
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Consider a multinomial regression model where the response, which indicates a unit's membership in one of several possible unordered classes, is associated with a set of predictor variables. Such models typically involve a matrix of regression coefficients, with the $(j,k)$ element of this matrix modulating the effect of the $k$th predictor on the propensity of the unit to belong to the $j$th class. Thus, a supposition that only a subset of the available predictors are associated with the response corresponds to some of the columns of the coefficient matrix being zero. Under the Bayesian paradigm, the subset of predictors which are associated with the response can be treated as an unknown parameter, leading to typical Bayesian model selection and model averaging procedures. As an alternative, we investigate model selection and averaging, whereby a subset of individual elements of the coefficient matrix are zero. That is, the subset of predictors associated with the propensity to belong to a class varies with the class. We refer to this as class-specific predictor selection. We argue that such a scheme can be attractive on both conceptual and computational grounds.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS188 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Generalized thermo vacuum state derived by the partial trace method
Creators: name: Hu, Li-yun
name: Fan, Hong-yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By virtue of the technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators we present a new approach for deriving generalized thermo vacuum state which is simpler in form that the result by using the Umezawa-Takahashi approach, in this way the thermo field dynamics can be developed. Applications of the new state are discussed.
description: 5 pages, no figure, revtex4
Mutation of Directed Graphs -- Corresponding Regular Expressions and Complexity of Their Generation
Creators: name: Belli, Fevzi
name: Beyazit, Mutlu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Directed graphs (DG), interpreted as state transition diagrams, are traditionally used to represent finite-state automata (FSA). In the context of formal languages, both FSA and regular expressions (RE) are equivalent in that they accept and generate, respectively, type-3 (regular) languages. Based on our previous work, this paper analyzes effects of graph manipulations on corresponding RE. In this present, starting stage we assume that the DG under consideration contains no cycles. Graph manipulation is performed by deleting or inserting of nodes or arcs. Combined and/or multiple application of these basic operators enable a great variety of transformations of DG (and corresponding RE) that can be seen as mutants of the original DG (and corresponding RE). DG are popular for modeling complex systems; however they easily become intractable if the system under consideration is complex and/or large. In such situations, we propose to switch to corresponding RE in order to benefit from their compact format for modeling and algebraic operations for analysis. The results of the study are of great potential interest to mutation testing.
Identification of Stability Regions in Inverter-Based Microgrids
Creators: name: Gorbunov, Andrey
name: Peng, Jimmy Chih-Hsien
name: Bialek, Janusz W.
name: Vorobev, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A new method for the stability assessment of inverter-based microgrids is presented in this paper. Directly determining stability boundaries by searching the multidimensional space of inverters' droop gains is a computationally prohibitive task. Instead, we build a certified stability region by utilizing a generalized Laplacian matrix eigenvalues, which are a measure of proximity to stability boundary. We establish an upper threshold for the eigenvalues that determines the stability boundary of the entire system and demonstrate that this value depends only on the network's R/X ratio but does not depend on the grid topology. We also provide a conservative upper threshold of the eigenvalues that are universal for any systems within a reasonable range of R/X ratios. We then construct approximate certified stability regions representing convex sets in the multidimensional space of droop gains that could be utilized for gains optimization. We show how the certified stability region can be maximized by properly choosing droop gains, and we provide closed-form analytic expressions for the certified stability regions. The computational complexity of our method is almost independent of the number of inverters. The proposed methodology has been tested using IEEE 123 node test system with 10 inverters.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, submitted to IEEE Trans. Power Systems. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2007.09347
VLT/FLAMES-ARGUS observations of stellar wind--ISM cloud interactions in NGC 6357
Creators: name: Westmoquette, M. S.
name: Slavin, J. D.
name: Smith, L. J.
name: Gallagher, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical/near-IR IFU observations of a gas pillar in the Galactic HII region NGC 6357 containing the young open star cluster Pismis 24. These observations have allowed us to examined in detail the gas conditions of the strong wind-clump interactions taking place on its surface. We identify the presence of a narrow (~20 km/s) and broad (50-150 km/s) component to the H_alpha emission line, where the broadest broad component widths are found in a region that follows the shape of the eastern pillar edge. These connections have allowed us to firmly associate the broad component with emission from ionized gas within turbulent mixing layers on the pillar's surface set up by the shear flows of the O-star winds from the cluster. We discuss the implications of our findings in terms of the broad emission line component that is increasingly found in extragalactic starburst environments. Although the broad line widths found here are narrower, we conclude that the mechanisms producing both must be the same. The difference in line widths may result from the lower total mechanical wind energy produced by the O stars in Pismis 24 compared to that from a typical young massive star cluster found in a starburst galaxy. The pillar's edge is also clearly defined by dense (<5000 cm^-3), hot (>20000 K), and excited (via [NII]/H_a and [SII]/H_a ratios) gas conditions, implying the presence of a D-type ionization front propagating into the pillar surface. Although there must be both photoevaporation outflows produced by the ionization front, and mass-loss through mechanical ablation, we see no evidence for any significant bulk gas motions on or around the pillar. We postulate that the evaporated/ablated gas must be rapidly heated before being entrained.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures (3 colour). Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Communication in a Poisson Field of Interferers -- Part I: Interference Distribution and Error Probability
Creators: name: Pinto, Pedro C.
name: Win, Moe Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a mathematical model for communication subject to both network interference and noise. We introduce a framework where the interferers are scattered according to a spatial Poisson process, and are operating asynchronously in a wireless environment subject to path loss, shadowing, and multipath fading. We consider both cases of slow and fast-varying interferer positions. The paper is comprised of two separate parts. In Part I, we determine the distribution of the aggregate network interference at the output of a linear receiver. We characterize the error performance of the link, in terms of average and outage probabilities. The proposed model is valid for any linear modulation scheme (e.g., M-ary phase shift keying or M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation), and captures all the essential physical parameters that affect network interference. Our work generalizes the conventional analysis of communication in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise and fast fading, allowing the traditional results to be extended to include the effect of network interference. In Part II of the paper, we derive the capacity of the link when subject to network interference and noise, and characterize the spectrum of the aggregate interference.
description: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Hybrid Method for Simulation of a Fractional COVID-19 Model with Real Case Application
Creators: name: Din, Anwarud
name: Khan, Amir
name: Zeb, Anwar
name: Ammi, Moulay Rchid Sidi
name: Tilioua, Mouhcine
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 34C60, 26A33, 92D30

description: In this research, we provide a mathematical analysis for the novel coronavirus responsible for COVID-19, which continues to be a big source of threat for humanity. Our fractional-order analysis is carried out using a non-singular kernel type operator known as the Atangana--Baleanu--Caputo (ABC) derivative. We parametrize the model adopting available information of the disease from Pakistan in the period 9th April to 2nd June 2020. We obtain the required solution with the help of a hybrid method, which is a combination of the decomposition method and the Laplace transform. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to evaluate the parameters that are more sensitive to the basic reproduction number of the model. Our results are compared with the real data of Pakistan and numerical plots are presented at various fractional orders.
description: Final form is published Open Access in 'Axioms' [https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms10040290]. Submitted 1-Aug-2021; Revised 27-Aug and 22-Sept-2021; Accepted 28-Oct-2021; Published 1-Nov-2021. Citation: A. Din, A. Khan, A. Zeb, M.R. Sidi Ammi, M. Tilioua and D.F.M. Torres, Hybrid method for simulation of a fractional COVID-19 model with real case application, Axioms 10 (2021), no. 4, Art. 290, 17pp
Additional file 1 of Role of epidemiology in risk assessment: a case study of five ortho-phthalates
Creators: name: Maffini, Maricel V.
name: Geueke, Birgit
name: Groh, Ksenia
name: Carney Almroth, Bethanie
name: Muncke, Jane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Statistical analyses on the energies of X-ray plateaus and flares in gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Yi, Shuang-Xi
name: Du, Mei
name: Liu, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distinct X-ray plateau and flare phases have been observed in the afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and most of them should be related to central engine activities. In this paper, we collect 174 GRBs with X-ray plateau phases and 106 GRBs with X-ray flares. There are 51 GRBs that overlap in the two selected samples. We analyze the distributions of the proportions of the plateau energy $E_{\rm plateau}$ and the flare energy $E_{\rm flare}$ relative to the isotropic prompt emission energy $E_{\rm γ,iso}$. The results indicate that they well meet the Gaussian distributions and the medians of the logarithmic ratios are $\sim -0.96$ and $-1.39$ in the two cases. Moreover, strong positive correlations between $E_{\rm plateau}$ (or $E_{\rm flare}$) and $E_{\rm γ,iso}$ with slopes of $\sim 0.95$ (or $\sim0.80$) are presented. For the overlapping sample, the slope is $\sim 0.80$. We argue that most of X-ray plateaus and flares might have the same physical origin but appear with different features because of the different circumstances and radiation mechanisms. We also test the applicabilities of two models, i.e., black holes surrounded by fractured hyperaccretion disks and millisecond magnetars, on the origins of X-ray plateaus and flares.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Extreme Ultraviolet-Excited Time-Resolved Luminescence Spectroscopy Using an Ultrafast Table-Top High-Harmonic Generation Source
Creators: name: van der Geest, M.
name: Sadegh, N.
name: Meerwijk, T. M.
name: Wooning, E. I.
name: Wu, L.
name: Bloem, R.
name: Ortega, S. Castellanos
name: Brouwer, A. M.
name: Kraus, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a table-top extreme ultraviolet (XUV) beamline for measuring time- and frequency-resolved XUV excited optical luminescence (XEOL) with additional femtosecond-resolution XUV transient absorption spectroscopy functionality. XUV pulses are generated via high-harmonic generation using a near-infrared pulse in a noble gas medium, and focused to excite luminescence from a solid sample. The luminescence is collimated and guided into a streak camera, where its spectral components are temporally resolved with picosecond temporal resolution. We time-resolve XUV excited luminescence and compare the results to luminescence decays excited at longer wavelengths for three different materials : (i) sodium salicylate, an often used XUV scintillator, (ii) fluorescent labeling molecule 4-carbazole benzoic acid (CB), and (iii) a zirconium metal oxo-cluster labeled with CB, which is a photoresist candidate for extreme-ultraviolet lithography. Our results establish time-resolved XEOL as a new technique to measure transient XUV-driven phenomena in solid-state samples, and identify decay mechanisms of molecules following XUV and soft-X-ray excitation.
IQTISODIYOTNING FALSAFIY ASOSI
Creators: name: Suyarqulov, Fayozjon
name: Qamariddinov, Fazliddin
name: Butayev, Ilxom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Iqtisodiyot falsafasining asosiy tushunchalarini oydinlashtirish muammosi
International stakeholder survey to inform the development of a Pan-Pacific clinical guideline on venous leg ulcer prevention and management
Creators: name: Haesler, Emily
name: Barker, J
name: Pagan, M
name: Carville, K
name: Greene, R
name: Hammond, C
name: Maniya, S
name: Kam, PY
name: Hau, PC
name: Schollum, M
name: Sit, CT Yan
name: Ts’ung, TH
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3202
subject: Clinical sciences

description: Background Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are chronic wounds occurring in people with venous insufficiency, causing significant burden. The last clinical guideline providing recommendations on the prevention and management of VLUs in the Pan-Pacific was published in 2011. Method A stakeholder survey was undertaken to collect perspectives from health professionals, industry representatives, patients and caregivers. The survey was designed with consideration to guideline development methods. It was developed in consultation with a patient representative and reviewed by a Māori consultation group. The survey was based on an audit of content in the 2011 VLU guideline and collected opinions on topics of priority to include in a guideline and clinical outcomes of importance to evaluating interventions for VLUs. Recruitment was through promotion by the sponsoring wound organisations. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results A total of 271 people, including 19 patients and three caregivers, responded. Almost all the 35 topics were rated as high priority to include in a guideline. Almost all the 60 clinical outcomes were rated as critically important to evaluating VLU interventions. Conclusion Results indicated that respondents have a high need for information about VLUs. The results will inform the development of an upcoming VLU guideline for the Pan-Pacific region.
A general vector field coupled to a strongly compressible turbulent flow
Creators: name: Antonov, Nikolai V.
name: Tumakova, Maria M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the model of a transverse vector (e.g. magnetic) field with the most general form of the nonlinearity, known as the ${\cal A}$ model, passively advected by a strongly compressible turbulent flow, governed by the randomly stirred Navier-Stokes equation. The full stochastic problem is equivalent to a certain renormalizable field theoretic model with an infrared attractive fixed point. Thus, the scaling behaviour for the large-scale, long-distance behaviour is established. However, the question whether the parameter ${\cal A}$ tends to a certain fixed-point value of the renormalization group equations or remains arbitrary, cannot be answered within the one-loop approximation of our study.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1507.08516, arXiv:1410.1262