cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generic Scalar Potentials for Inflation in Supergravity with a Single Chiral Superfield
Creators: name: Ketov, Sergei V.
name: Terada, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a large class of supergravity models in terms of a single chiral matter superfield, leading to (almost) arbitrary single-field inflationary scalar potentials similar to the F-term in rigid supersymmetry. Those scalar potentials are positively semi-definite (in our approximation), and can preserve supersymmetry at the end of inflation. The only scalar superpartner of inflaton is stabilized by a higher-dimensional term in the Kahler potential. We argue that couplings of the inflaton to other sectors of the particle spectrum do not affect the inflationary dynamics, and briefly discuss reheating of the universe by the inflaton decays.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures; published version + references updated + footnote 3 added + image file sizes reduced
Detecting and monitoring subglacial lakes beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet
Creators: name: Bowling, Jade
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2022

description: In this thesis I develop novel methods and datasets, using airborne radio-echo sounding and high-resolution satellite-derived digital elevation models, to improve the understanding of subglacial lake distribution and activity beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet. First, I use 23 years of airborne radio-echo sounding data, totalling over 500,000 km, to conduct the first systematic ice sheet-wide survey of subglacial lakes beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet. Following classification of basal reflector properties, I detect over 50 new stable subglacial lakes beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet. Surface elevation data also revealed 2 previously unidentified collapsed ice-surface basins indicative of subglacial lake activity. The results indicate that subglacial lakes are more common than previously thought and differ from those found beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet both in their size and spatial distribution. Next, I develop a new automated technique using statistical analysis of highresolution, satellite-derived surface elevation data to detect localised elevation changes which are characteristic of subglacial lake drainage events. I then apply this framework to the Greenland Ice Sheet within 50 km of the ice margin to classify 7 potential active subglacial lakes which could be used as candidates for future geophysical surveys and further monitoring to understand to understand the role they play within the subglacial hydrological system. Finally, using the results from the previous chapter, I utilise a variety of satellite datasets to analyse a unique active subglacial lake in Northern Greenland. From the observational record, the subglacial lake appears to have drained twice in the past 36 years, in 1990 and 2014, but each event with differing drainage characteristics. In particular, observations of downstream ice surface fracturing and excavation of ice blocks 20 m tall in 2014, suggests that drainage event caused a subglacial outburst flood which propagated to the ice surface. This is the first observation of supraglacial emergence of subglacial flood water in Greenland, indicating more varied drainage mechanisms that are currently not accounted for in numerical ice sheet models.
CTC Meeting, Education Management, 2019
Creators: name: Walkowiak, Radoslaw
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130304 Educational Administration, Management and Leadership
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Marek Nowicki, Zoltán Szili, Klaus Neumann, Radosław Walkowiak; Qualifications for Leadership Positions in Education in Europe and in the World. CTC Meeting, Education Management, Budapest, Hungary, 2019
Neutron-powered precursors of kilonovae
Creators: name: Metzger, Brian D.
name: Bauswein, Andreas
name: Goriely, Stephane
name: Kasen, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The merger of binary neutron stars (NSs) ejects a small quantity of neutron rich matter, the radioactive decay of which powers a day to week long thermal transient known as a kilonova. Most of the ejecta remains sufficiently dense during its expansion that all neutrons are captured into nuclei during the r-process. However, recent general relativistic merger simulations by Bauswein and collaborators show that a small fraction of the ejected mass (a few per cent, or ~1e-4 Msun) expands sufficiently rapidly for most neutrons to avoid capture. This matter originates from the shocked-heated interface between the merging NSs. Here we show that the beta-decay of these free neutrons in the outermost ejecta powers a `precursor' to the main kilonova emission, which peaks on a timescale of a few hours following merger at U-band magnitude ~22 (for an assumed distance of 200 Mpc). The high luminosity and blue colors of the neutron precursor render it a potentially important counterpart to the gravitational wave source, that may encode valuable information on the properties of the merging binary (e.g. NS-NS versus NS-black hole) and the NS equation of state. Future work is necessary to assess the robustness of the fast moving ejecta and the survival of free neutrons in the face of neutrino absorptions, although the precursor properties are robust to a moderate amount of leptonization. Our results provide additional motivation for short latency gravitational wave triggers and rapid follow-up searches with sensitive ground based telescopes.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted to MNRAS main journal
title: SARS-CoV-2 and the immune response; the establishment of a SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay and subsequent immune utilization
Creators: name: Gormley, Delania
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2023

description: SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has become increasingly important since the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In less than a year, there were numerous vaccination guidelines. After the vaccination program, the scientific field raced to answer questions regarding the immune response at the cellular and molecular levels. We aimed to bridge innate and adaptive immune responses to uncover the pathophysiological factors that mediate immune pathogenicity. The introductory part of the project was focused on the adaptive immune response to measure how antibodies and sera affect spike-mediated viral infection. To monitor disease outcomes and determine vaccine efficacy, we evaluated the neutralizing antibody potency using an HIV-1 pseudovirus in a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccinated individuals. We hypothesized that high neutralization titer would positively correlate to immune protection and decreased disease severity. The SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus system and neutralization assay are established and future work could gain neutralization data. These results highlight a valuable complement to ELISA-based methods and the importance of studying spike-mediated viral infection on the immune response. The accompanying part of this research concentrated on the innate immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a viral infection. In this regard, it was apparent early on that COVID-19 involved extensive inflammation and immune dysregulation. Therefore, we decided to evaluate the key regulatory factors and mediators involved in inflammasome formation/activation and programmed cell death by an inflammasome array. We hypothesized that the SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a protein would induce pyroptosis through the upregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its components. We found that the CCL5, MEFV, NLRC5, NLRP3, MOK, and TNF genes were all statistically significantly upregulated. These genes have implications in both apoptosis and pyroptosis, and both cell death pathways could be activated simultaneously in response to the SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a protein. These results highlight a future application for therapeutic development for SARS-CoV-2 and other inflammatory diseases.
Milky Way mass galaxies with X-shaped bulges are not rare in the local Universe
Creators: name: Laurikainen, E.
name: Salo, H.
name: Athanassoula, E.
name: Bosma, A.
name: Herrera-Endoqui, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boxy/Peanut/X-shaped (B/P/X) bulges are studied using the 3.6 mum images from the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies, and the K_s-band images from the Near-IR S0 galaxy Survey. They are compared with the properties of barlenses, defined as lens-like structures embedded in bars, with sizes of about 50% of bars and axial ratios of 0.6-0.9. Based on observations and recent simulation models we show evidence that barlenses are the more face-on counterparts of B/P/X-shaped bulges. Using unsharp masks 18 new X-shaped structures are identified, covering a large range of galaxy inclinations. The similar masses and red B-3.6 mum colors of the host galaxies, and the fact that the combined axial ratio distribution of the host galaxy disks is flat, support the interpretation that barlenses and X-shapes are physically the same phenomenon. In Hubble types -3
description: First submission (sent to astro-ph in June 2014) replaced with the version accepted to MNRAS Letters (Vol. 444, L80-84). The biggest difference to the previous submission is Fig. 2
Electronic Structures and Optical Properties of Partially and Fully Fluorinated Graphene
Creators: name: Yuan, Shengjun
name: Rosner, Malte
name: Schulz, Alexander
name: Wehling, Tim O.
name: Katsnelson, Mikhail I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we study the electronic structures and optical properties of partially and fully fluorinated graphene by a combination of abinitio G0W0 calculations and large-scale multi-orbital tight-binding simulations. We find that for partially fluorinated graphene, the appearance of paired fluorine atoms is more favorable than unpaired atoms. We also show that different types of structural disorder, such as carbon vacancies, fluorine vacancies, fluorine vacancy-clusters and fluorine armchair- and zigzag-clusters, will introduce different types of midgap states and extra excitations within the optical gap. Furthermore we argue that the local formation of $sp^3$ bonds upon fluorination can be distinguished from other disorder inducing mechanisms which do not destroy the $sp^2$ hybrid orbitals by measuring the polarization rotation of passing polarized light.
description: Final version appeared in Phys. Rev. Lett
NAF: Neural Attenuation Fields for Sparse-View CBCT Reconstruction
Creators: name: Zha, Ruyi
name: Zhang, Yanhao
name: Li, Hongdong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a novel and fast self-supervised solution for sparse-view CBCT reconstruction (Cone Beam Computed Tomography) that requires no external training data. Specifically, the desired attenuation coefficients are represented as a continuous function of 3D spatial coordinates, parameterized by a fully-connected deep neural network. We synthesize projections discretely and train the network by minimizing the error between real and synthesized projections. A learning-based encoder entailing hash coding is adopted to help the network capture high-frequency details. This encoder outperforms the commonly used frequency-domain encoder in terms of having higher performance and efficiency, because it exploits the smoothness and sparsity of human organs. Experiments have been conducted on both human organ and phantom datasets. The proposed method achieves state-of-the-art accuracy and spends reasonably short computation time.
description: MICCAI2022 (Oral)
Energy Management and Cross Layer Optimization for Wireless Sensor Network Powered by Heterogeneous Energy Sources
Creators: name: Xu, Weiqiang
name: Zhang, Yushu
name: Shi, Qingjiang
name: Wang, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, utilizing renewable energy for wireless system has attracted extensive attention. However, due to the instable energy supply and the limited battery capacity, renewable energy cannot guarantee to provide the perpetual operation for wireless sensor networks (WSN). The coexistence of renewable energy and electricity grid is expected as a promising energy supply manner to remain function for a potentially infinite lifetime. In this paper, we propose a new system model suitable for WSN, taking into account multiple energy consumptions due to sensing, transmission and reception, heterogeneous energy supplies from renewable energy, electricity grid and mixed energy, and multidimension stochastic natures due to energy harvesting profile, electricity price and channel condition. A discrete-time stochastic cross-layer optimization problem is formulated to achieve the optimal trade-off between the time-average rate utility and electricity cost subject to the data and energy queuing stability constraints. The Lyapunov drift-plus-penalty with perturbation technique and block coordinate descent method is applied to obtain a fully distributed and low-complexity cross-layer algorithm only requiring knowledge of the instantaneous system state. The explicit trade-off between the optimization objective and queue backlog is theoretically proven. Finally, the extensive simulations verify the theoretic claims.
description: submitted to IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Under Second Round Review after Major Revision
Alternative similarity renormalization group generators in nuclear structure calculations
Creators: name: Dicaire, Nuiok M.
name: Omand, Conor
name: Navratil, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The similarity renormalization group (SRG) has been successfully applied to soften interactions for ab initio nuclear calculations. In almost all practical applications in nuclear physics, an SRG generator with the kinetic energy operator is used. With this choice, a fast convergence of many-body calculations can be achieved, but at the same time substantial three-body interactions are induced even if one starts from a purely two-nucleon (NN) Hamiltonian. Three-nucleon (3N) interactions can be handled by modern many-body methods. However, it has been observed that when including initial chiral 3N forces in the Hamiltonian, the SRG transformations induce a non-negligible four-nucleon interaction that cannot be currently included in the calculations for technical reasons. Consequently, it is essential to investigate alternative SRG generators that might suppress the induction of many-body forces while at the same time might preserve the good convergence. In this work we test two alternative generators with operators of block structure in the harmonic oscillator basis. In the no-core shell model calculations for 3H, 4He and 6Li with chiral NN force, we demonstrate that their performances appear quite promising.
description: Version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
Dataset of "Development and validation of a parametric tropical cyclone wave height  prediction model"
Creators: name: Santiago Grossmann Matheson, Guisela
name: YOUNG, IAN
name: Meucci, Alberto
name: Alves, Jose Henrique
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 370803
subject: Physical oceanography
classificationCode: 401503
subject: Ocean engineering

description: This dataset contains sample code and wave spatial distributions to apply the wave height parametric model published by Grossmann-Matheson et al. [2023].Content:Folder: Hsmax_diagrams (including wave*.mat files)Files: Readme.txt, Find_Hs_TC.m, PModel.m, rotate_get_hs.mFind cite and further information in:Grossmann-Matheson et al., 2023, Development and validation of a parametric tropical cyclone wave height prediction model, Ocean Engineering, 283, 115353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.115353
Large N Chern-Simons with massive fundamental fermions - A model with no bound states
Creators: name: Frishman, Yitzhak
name: Sonnenschein, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper, we analyzed the theory of massive fermions in the fundamental representation coupled to a U(N) Chern-Simons gauge theory in three dimensions at level K. It was done in the large N, large K limits where Lambda=N/K was kept fixed. Among other results, we showed there that there are no high mass quark anti-quark bound states. Here we show that there are no bound states at all.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1306.6465. A reference and acknowledgement added
Dataset of "Development and validation of a parametric tropical cyclone wave height  prediction model"
Creators: name: Santiago Grossmann Matheson, Guisela
name: YOUNG, IAN
name: Meucci, Alberto
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 370803
subject: Physical oceanography
classificationCode: 401503
subject: Ocean engineering

description: This dataset contains sample code and wave spatial distributions to apply the wave height parametric model published by Grossmann-Matheson et al. [2023].Content:Folder: Hsmax_diagrams (including wave*.mat files)Files: Readme.txt, Find_Hs_TC.m, PModel.m, rotate_get_hs.mFind cite and further information in:Grossmann-Matheson et al., 2023, Development and validation of a parametric tropical cyclone wave height prediction model, Ocean Engineering, 283, 115353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.115353
Polarity-dependent charge-density wave in a kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5
Creators: name: Kato, Takemi
name: Li, Yongkai
name: Nakayama, Kosuke
name: Wang, Zhiwei
name: Souma, Seigo
name: Kitamura, Miho
name: Horiba, Koji
name: Kumigashira, Hiroshi
name: Takahashi, Takashi
name: Sato, Takafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polar surface and interface play a pivotal role for realizing exotic properties of materials, and a search for such polar states is of crucial importance for expanding materials' functionality. Here we report micro-focused angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of CsV3Sb5, a member of recently discovered kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs), and show evidence for the polar nature of cleaved surface which is characterized by Cs- and Sb-terminated surfaces with markedly different fermiology. The Cs-terminated surface shows intriguing doubling of V-derived bands at low temperature associated with the band folding due to the three-dimensional charge-density wave (CDW), whereas the Sb-terminated one shows no band doubling or resultant CDW-gap opening indicative of the suppression of bulk-originated CDW due to polar charge. Such polar-surface-dependent band structure must be incorporated for understanding the origin of unconventional superconducting and charge order at the surface of AV3Sb5.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures
title: Zur Erinnerung an Frau Pfarrer Adèle Heer geb. Koch
title: geboren 27. Juni 1840 in Zürich, gestorben 12. März 1906 in Basel
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Miescher, Ernst Gottfried
Publisher: name: Buchdruckerei J. Kaufmanns Wwe.
Year: 1907
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Heer-Koch, Adèle
subject: Zürich
subject: Basel

description: Enthält: Personalien ; Leichenrede gehalten im Trauerhaus (Austrasse79, Basel) am 14. März 1906 von Herrn Pfarrer Ernst Miescher.
APPEARANCE AND TEXTURE OF GLUTEN-FREE BREAD CONTAINING NON-GERMINATED AND GERMINATED ALFALFA SEEDS
Creators: name: Djordjević, Marijana
name: Djordjević, Miljana
name: Šoronja-Simović, Dragana
name: Šereš, Zita
name: Nikolić, Ivana
name: Maravić, Nikola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Alfalfa
Gluten-free bread
Germination
Hardness
Color

description: Visual parameters such as bread color and volume are crucial factors in consumers’ decision for purchasing the product. Gluten-free breads (GFB) are usually characterized by lighter crumb and crust color, reduced specific volume and crumbling texture. When compared to wheat counterparts, apart from low nutritional value, currently available GFB do not completely fulfill the consumers’ expectations in terms of external appearance (color, volume) and texture. To overcome the above mentioned quality defects many research studies have focused on investigation of novel raw materials (legumes, pseudocereals, seeds, fruits) for GFB production. Alfalfa as extensively cultivated forage legume, and its seeds could arise as a functional ingredient in GF bread-making influencing both appearance (color, volume, texture) and nutritional value, considering high content of protein, dietary fiber, essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, minerals, vitamins and associated polyphenols. However, alfalfa seeds usage could be limited by the presence of antinutrients and beany flavor demanding seeds processing prior to application. To address these limitations germination as a natural processing technique can be applied. In this context, present study investigates the influence of non-germinated and germinated alfalfa seeds flour addition (5% on maize flour/starch basis) on GFB appearance (crust and crumb color and specific volume) and texture parameters (hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness, springiness). Corresponding properties of GFB containing alfalfa were compared with control and commercial GFB. GFB containing non-germinated and germinated alfalfa were characterized by darker crust and crumb color (lower L* values) with less green (a* < 0) and yellow (b* < 0) coloration compared to control GFB. Volume-depressing effect was observed after inclusion of alfalfa and it was more pronounced in GFB containing germinated alfalfa. Hardness values ranged between 322.6 and 2818.2 g, where GFB containing non-germinated alfalfa had the softest crumb. GFB containing alfalfa had increased cohesiveness compared to control, whilst no significant change in springiness was observed.
Ionizing stellar population in the disc of NGC 3310 - II. The Wolf-Rayet population
Creators: name: Miralles-Caballero, D.
name: Rosales-Ortega, F. F.
name: Díaz, A. I.
name: Otí-Floranes, H.
name: Pérez-Montero, E.
name: Sánchez, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use integral field spectroscopy to study in detail the Wolf-Rayet (WR) population in NGC 3310, spatially resolving 18 star-forming knots with typical sizes of 200-300 pc in the disc of the galaxy hosting a substantial population of WRs. The detected emission in the so-called blue bump is attributed mainly to late-type nitrogen WRs (WNL), ranging from a few dozens to several hundreds of stars per region. Our estimated WNL/(WNL+O) ratio is comparable to reported empirical relations once the extinction-corrected emission is further corrected by the presence of dust grains inside the nebula that absorb a non-negligible fraction of UV photons. Comparisons of observables with stellar population models show disagreement by factors larger than 2-3. However, if the effects of interacting binaries and/or photon leakage are taken into account, observations and predictions tend to converge. We estimate the binary fraction of the \hii regions hosting WRs to be significant in order to recover the observed X-ray flux, hence proving that the binary channel can be critical when predicting observables. We also explore the connection of the environment with the current hypothesis that WRs can be progenitors to long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Galaxy interactions, which can trigger strong episodes of star formation in the central regions, may be a plausible environment where WRs may act as progenitors of GRBs. Finally, even though the chemical abundance is generally homogeneous, we also find weak evidence for rapid N pollution by WR stellar winds at scales of ~ 200 pc.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 23 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables
Predicted diversity in water content of terrestrial exoplanets orbiting M dwarfs
Creators: name: Kimura, Tadahiro
name: Ikoma, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exoplanet surveys around M dwarfs have detected a growing number of exoplanets with Earth-like insolation. It is expected that some of those planets are rocky planets with the potential for temperate climates favourable to surface liquid water. However, various models predict that terrestrial planets orbiting in the classical habitable zone around M dwarfs have no water or too much water, suggesting that habitable planets around M dwarfs might be rare. Here we present the results of an updated planetary population synthesis model, which includes the effects of water enrichment in the primordial atmosphere, caused by the oxidation of atmospheric hydrogen by rocky materials from incoming planetesimals and from the magma ocean. We find that this water production in the primordial atmosphere is found to significantly impact the occurrence of terrestrial rocky aqua planets, yielding ones with diverse water content. We estimate that 5-10% of the planets with a size $<1.3 R_\oplus$ orbiting early-to-mid M dwarfs have appropriate amounts of seawater for habitability. Such an occurrence rate would be high enough to detect potentially habitable planets by ongoing and near-future M-dwarf planet survey missions.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures. Published in Nature Astronomy (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-022-01781-1)
Mimicking acceleration in the constant-bang-time Lema\^ıtre -- Tolman model: Shell crossings, density distributions and light cones
Creators: name: Krasiński, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lema\^ıtre -- Tolman model with $Λ= 0$ and constant bang time that imitates the luminosity distance -- redshift relation of the $Λ$CDM model using the energy function $E$ alone contains shell crossings. In this paper, the location in spacetime and the consequences of existence of the shell-crossing set (SCS) are investigated. The SCS would come into view of the central observer only at $t \approx 1064 T$ to the future from now, where $T$ is the present age of the Universe, but would not leave any recognizable trace in her observations. Light rays emitted near to the SCS are blueshifted at the initial points, but the blueshift is finite, and is overcompensated by later-induced redshifts if the observer is sufficiently far. The local blueshifts cause that $z$ along a light ray is not a monotonic function of the comoving radial coordinate $r$. As a consequence, the angular diameter distance $D_A$ and the luminosity distance $D_L$ from the central observer fail to be functions of $z$; the relations $D_A(z)$ and $D_L(z)$ are multiple-valued in a vicinity of the SCS. The following quantities are calculated and displayed: (1) The distribution of mass density on a few characteristic hypersurfaces of constant time; some of them intersect the SCS. (2) The distribution of density along the past light cone of the present central observer. (3) A few light cones intersecting the SCS at characteristic instants. (4) The redshift profiles along several light cones. (5) The extremum-redshift hypersurface. (6) The $D_A(z)$ and $D_L(z)$ relations. (7) The last scattering time and its comparison with the $Λ$CDM last scattering epoch.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures. New secs. X and XI added, secs. I, II, V, IX and the old XI(now XIII) re-edited to accommodate the new material, Figs. 3, 8 and old 11 (now 10) redrawn, old Fig. 10 removed. The extensions were inspired by the referee. New text matches that accepted for Phys. Rev. D
title: Ökonomische und technische Betrachtung von Clouddiensten für die Bereitstellung von White-Label Plattformen
Creators: name: Draxler, Thomas
Publisher: name: FH CAMPUS 02 (CAMPUS 02 Fachhochschule der Wirtschaft)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 005 Computerprogrammierung, Programme, Daten

description: Digitale Plattformen ermöglichen Softwareentwicklungsunternehmen und digitalen Geschäftsmodellen ein schnelles Wachstum. Dies erfordert skalierbare und flexible Softwarelösungen wie White-Label Plattformen die als Software-as-a-Service bereitgestellt werden. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, Software Architekturen für digitale Plattform zu analysieren und wie Plattformen durch die Verwendung von Clouddiensten bereitgestellt werden können. Die Analyse untersucht drei gängige Software Architekturen und vergleicht die Architekturen für unterschiedliche Ausprägungen von digitalen Plattformen. Die Auswertung zeigte, dass eine Serverless-Architektur die beste Möglichkeit für die Bereitstellung einer Plattform ist, die unregelmäßig verwendet wird oder für Plattformen bei denen die Kunden stark reguliert sind und eigene Instanzen benötigen. Eine Microservice Architektur bietet sich für Systeme mit einer hohen Auslastung an oder für Plattformen, die eine große Anzahl an Benutzer benötigen. Zusammenfassend kann gesagt werden, dass Clouddienste Unternehmen eine einfache Möglichkeit bieten um flexible digitale Geschäftsmodelle zu entwickeln, die gegebenenfalls uneingeschränkt skaliert werden können und in kürzester Zeit auf die Bedürfnisse des Marktes angepasst werden können.
description: Digital platform solutions support rapid growth in software development and digital businesses. A scalable and flexible solution, such as Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) white-label platforms, is required. This thesis analyses digital platforms’ architecture and identifies useful cloud services. The research considers different platforms’ characteristics and how they affect cloud infrastructure selection. Three standard software architectures are compared for different platforms’ characteristics. The comparison indicates that serverless architecture is ideal for irregularly used platforms or those with strict restrictions between customers. Microservice architecture is preferable for systems with a high load and number of users. Overall, cloud services enable companies to build large-scale flexible digital business models with a rapid time-to-market that allows quick response and adaptation to economic pressures.
Source estimation with incoherent waves in random waveguides
Creators: name: Acosta, Sebastian
name: Alonso, Ricardo
name: Borcea, Liliana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R60

description: We study an inverse source problem for the acoustic wave equation in a random waveguide. The goal is to estimate the source of waves from measurements of the acoustic pressure at a remote array of sensors. The waveguide effect is due to boundaries that trap the waves and guide them in a preferred (range) direction, the waveguide axis, along which the medium is unbounded. The random waveguide is a model of perturbed ideal waveguides which have flat boundaries and are filled with known media that do not change with range. The perturbation consists of fluctuations of the boundary and of the wave speed due to numerous small inhomogeneities in the medium. The fluctuations are uncertain in applications, which is why we model them with random processes, and they cause significant cumulative scattering at long ranges from the source. The scattering effect manifests mathematically as an exponential decay of the expectation of the acoustic pressure, the coherent part of the wave. The incoherent wave is modeled by the random fluctuations of the acoustic pressure, which dominate the expectation at long ranges from the source. We use the existing theory of wave propagation in random waveguides to analyze the inverse problem of estimating the source from incoherent wave recordings at remote arrays. We show how to obtain from the incoherent measurements high fidelity estimates of the time resolved energy carried by the waveguide modes, and study the invertibility of the system of transport equations that model energy propagation in order to estimate the source.
description: 32 pages
Additional file 1 of Examining socio-cognitive factors and beliefs about mindful eating in healthy adults with differing practice experience: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Preissner, Christian Erik
name: Oenema, Anke
name: de Vries, Hein
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary tables displaying the between-subject effects for individuals with lower, medium, and higher engagement in mindful eating-related actions on items of I-Change Model indices and the Four Facet Mindful Eating Scale (FFaMES).
“[Operational definitions] - Supplemental material for [External validity of Young’s successful aging index in a Costa Rican older adult Cohort ]”; by RAZS .docx
Creators: name: Zúñiga-Solano, Rafael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This is the operational definition of successful aging model based on Young Index (Validation of a Novel Successful Aging Construct, J Am Med Dir Assoc 2009; 10: 314–322) used in Costa Rica: Estudio de Longevidad y Envejecimiento Saludable(CRELES) Cohort It also includes the "Family Strenght Scale" (Dolores et al (2003) Red social y salud del adulto mayor en perspectiva comparada: Costa Rica, España e Inglaterra, Población y Salud en Mesoamérica - Volumen 5, número 1, artículo 1, jul - dic 2007)
DIY Graphics Tab: A Cost-Effective Alternative to Graphics Tablet for Educators
Creators: name: Jubair, Mohammad Imrul
name: Yousuf, Arafat Ibne
name: Ahmed, Tashfiq
name: Jamy, Hasanath
name: Reza, Foisal
name: Ashraf, Mohsena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recording lectures is a normal task for online educators, and a graphics tablet is a great tool for that. However, it is very expensive for many instructors. In this paper, we propose an alternative called "DIY Graphics Tab" that functions largely in the same way as a graphic tab, but requires only a pen, paper, and laptop's webcam. Our system takes images of writings on a paper with a webcam and outputs the contents. The task is not straightforward since there are obstacles, such as hand occlusion, paper movements, lighting, and perspective distortion due to the viewing angle. A pipeline is used that applies segmentation and post-processing for generating appropriate output from input frames. We also conducted user experience evaluations from the teachers.
description: Accepted at ACM UIST 2022 (poster)
PerSign: Personalized Bangladeshi Sign Letters Synthesis
Creators: name: Jubair, Mohammad Imrul
name: Ahnaf, Ali
name: Khan, Tashfiq Nahiyan
name: Bhattacharjee, Ullash
name: Joti, Tanjila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bangladeshi Sign Language (BdSL) - like other sign languages - is tough to learn for general people, especially when it comes to expressing letters. In this poster, we propose PerSign, a system that can reproduce a person's image by introducing sign gestures in it. We make this operation personalized, which means the generated image keeps the person's initial image profile - face, skin tone, attire, background - unchanged while altering the hand, palm, and finger positions appropriately. We use an image-to-image translation technique and build a corresponding unique dataset to accomplish the task. We believe the translated image can reduce the communication gap between signers (person who uses sign language) and non-signers without having prior knowledge of BdSL.
description: Accepted at ACM UIST 2022 (poster)
Forests of Gaussian numbers
Creators: name: Nathanson, Melvyn B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 1A55, 11B75, 05A19, 05C05, 20M99

description: The Calkin-Wilf tree is an infinite binary tree whose vertices are the positive rational numbers. Each number occurs in the tree exactly once and in the form $a/b$, where are $a$ and $b$ are relatively prime positive integers. In this paper, certain subsemigroups of the modular group are used to construct similar trees in the set $\mathcal{D}_0$ of positive complex numbers. Associated to each semigroup is a forest of trees that partitions $\mathcal{D}_0$. The set of cusps and the fundamental domain of the semigroup are defined and computed.
description: Minor revisions; title changed to "Forests of complex numbers"; 10 pages
Additional file 1 of The association between sexual orientation, BMI, obesity diagnosis, and provider recommendation for weight management
Creators: name: Wolfgang, Kristen M.
name: Takeshita, Junko
name: Fitzsimmons, Robert
name: Guerra, Carmen E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Table ST1. Supplementary Appendix SA1. Supplementary Methods SM1.
Dynamic Modelling of Liquid Crystal-Based Metasurfaces and its Application to Reducing Reconfigurability Times
Creators: name: Guirado, Robert
name: Perez-Palomino, Gerardo
name: Ferreras, Marta
name: Carrasco, Eduardo
name: Caño-García, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes and validates for the first time the dynamic modelling of Liquid Crystal (LC)-based planar multi-resonant cells, as well as its use as bias signals synthesis tool to improve their reconfigurability time. The dynamic LC director equation is solved in the longitudinal direction through the finite elements method, which provides the z- and time-dependent inhomogeneous permittivity tensor used in an electromagnetic simulator to evaluate the cells behaviour. The proposed model has been experimentally validated using reflective cells for phase control (reflectarray) and measuring the transient phase, both in excitation and relaxation regimes. It is shown how a very reduced number of stratified layers are needed to model the material inhomogeneity, and that even an homogeneous effective tensor can be used in most of the cases, which allows a model simplification suitable for design procedures without losing accuracy. Consequently, a novel bias signal design tool is proposed to significantly reduce the transition times of LC cells, and hence, of electrically large antennas composed of them. These tools, similar to those used in optical displays, are experimentally validated for the first time at mm- and sub-mm wave frequencies in this work, obtaining an improvement of orders of magnitude.
description: This paper has been accepted at IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
Theory of Optomechanical Interactions in Superfluid He
Creators: name: Agarwal, G. S.
name: Jha, Sudhanshu S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general theory is presented to describe optomechanical interactions of acoustic phonons, having extremely long lifetimes in superfluid $^4$He, with optical photons in the medium placed in a suitable electromagnetic cavity. The acoustic nonlinearity in the fluid motion is included to consider processes beyond the usual linear process involving absorption or emission of one phonon at a time. We first apply our formulation to the simplest one-phonon process involving the usual resonant anti-Stokes upconversion of an incident optical mode. However, when the allowed optical cavity modes are such that there is no single-phonon mode in the superfluid which can give rise to a resonant allowed anti-Stokes mode, we must consider the possibility of two phonon upconversion. For such a case, we show that the two step two phonon process could be dominant. We present arguments for large two step process and negligible single step two phonon contribution. The two step process also shows interesting quantum interference among different transition pathways.
Decays of open charmed mesons in the extended Linear Sigma Model
Creators: name: Eshraim, Walaa I.
name: Giacosa, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We enlarge the so-called extended linear Sigma model (eLSM) by including the charm quark according to the global $U(4)_r\times U(4)_l$ chiral symmetry. In the eLSM, besides scalar and pseudoscalar mesons, also vector and axial-vector mesons are present. Almost all the parameters of the model were fixed in a previous study of mesons below 2 GeV. In the extension to the four-flavor case, only three additional parameters (all of them related to the bare mass of the charm quark) appear. We compute the (OZI-dominant) strong decays of open charmed mesons. The results are compatible with the experimental data, although the theoretical uncertainties are still large.
description: 3 pages, 1 table, prepared for proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Meson Production, Properties and Interaction, 29th May - 3rd June 2014, Cracow, POLAND
Dynamic Surrogate Switching: Sample-Efficient Search for Factorization Machine Configurations in Online Recommendations
Creators: name: Škrlj, Blaž
name: Schwartz, Adi
name: Ferlež, Jure
name: Kopič, Davorin
name: Ziporin, Naama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hyperparameter optimization is the process of identifying the appropriate hyperparameter configuration of a given machine learning model with regard to a given learning task. For smaller data sets, an exhaustive search is possible; However, when the data size and model complexity increase, the number of configuration evaluations becomes the main computational bottleneck. A promising paradigm for tackling this type of problem is surrogate-based optimization. The main idea underlying this paradigm considers an incrementally updated model of the relation between the hyperparameter space and the output (target) space; the data for this model are obtained by evaluating the main learning engine, which is, for example, a factorization machine-based model. By learning to approximate the hyperparameter-target relation, the surrogate (machine learning) model can be used to score large amounts of hyperparameter configurations, exploring parts of the configuration space beyond the reach of direct machine learning engine evaluation. Commonly, a surrogate is selected prior to optimization initialization and remains the same during the search. We investigated whether dynamic switching of surrogates during the optimization itself is a sensible idea of practical relevance for selecting the most appropriate factorization machine-based models for large-scale online recommendation. We conducted benchmarks on data sets containing hundreds of millions of instances against established baselines such as Random Forest- and Gaussian process-based surrogates. The results indicate that surrogate switching can offer good performance while considering fewer learning engine evaluations.
description: https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3523227.3547384
Phonon-limited resistivity of graphene by first-principle calculations: electron-phonon interactions, strain-induced gauge field and Boltzmann equation
Creators: name: Sohier, Thibault
name: Calandra, Matteo
name: Park, Cheol-Hwan
name: Bonini, Nicola
name: Marzari, Nicola
name: Mauri, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-phonon coupling in graphene is extensively modeled and simulated from first principles. We find that using an accurate model for the polarizations of the acoustic phonon modes is crucial to obtain correct numerical results. The interactions between electrons and acoustic phonon modes, the gauge field and deformation potential, are calculated at the DFT level in the framework of linear response. The zero-momentum limit of acoustic phonons is interpreted as a strain pattern, allowing the calculation of the acoustic gauge field parameter in the GW approximation. The role of electronic screening on the electron-phonon matrix elements is investigated. We then solve the Boltzmann equation semi-analytically in graphene, including both acoustic and optical phonon scattering. We show that, in the Bloch-Grüneisen and equipartition regimes, the electronic transport is mainly ruled by the unscreened acoustic gauge field, while the contribution due to the deformation potential is negligible and strongly screened. By comparing with experimental data, we show that the contribution of acoustic phonons to resistivity is doping- and substrate-independent. The DFT+GW approach underestimates this contribution to resistivity by about 30 %. Above 270K, the calculated resistivity underestimates the experimental one more severely, the underestimation being larger at lower doping. We show that, beside remote phonon scattering, a possible explanation for this disagreement is the electron-electron interaction that strongly renormalizes the coupling to intrinsic optical-phonon modes. Finally, after discussing the validity of the Matthiessen rule in graphene, we derive simplified analytical solutions of the Boltzmann equation to extract the coupling to acoustic phonons, related to the strain-induced gauge field, directly from experimental data.