cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Working together to make ORCID work for repositories: ORCID in repositories task force
Creators: name: Krznarich, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Persistent identifiers
Repository software

description: During last year's OR2018 conference, a talk (by the author of this proposal) about the Evolution of ORCID in repositories (https://orcid.figshare.com/articles/OR2018_Evolution_of_ORCID_in_Repositories/6450752) acknowledged significant challenges exist in making ORCID useful to the repository community and called for the formation of a task force charged with defining common community needs around ORCID in repositories and publishing a set of recommendations to guide developers in designing and building ORCID features in repository software platforms. In the months following OR2018, the ORCID in Repositories Task Force became a reality, and its work resulted in a recommendation, which will be published in January 2019. This presentation will discuss the approaches and outcomes of the task force, as well as the next steps needed toward encouraging implementation of the task force recommendations.
Strong renormalization scheme dependence in $τ$-lepton decays: fact or fiction?
Creators: name: Chýla, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of the renormalization scheme dependence of the $τ$ semileptonic decay rate is revisited in response to a recent criticism. Particular attention is payed to a distinction between a consistent quantitative description of this dependence and the actual selection of a subset of ``acceptable'' renormalization schemes. It is argued that a reasonable universal measure of the renormalization scheme dependence can be formulated, which gives encouraging results when applied to various physical quantities, including the semileptonic $τ$ decay rate.
description: Latex 6 pages, 2 Postscript figures appended at the end of this file
Commensurate anisotropic oscillator, SU(2) coherent states and the classical limit
Creators: name: Kumar, M. Sanjay
name: Dutta-Roy, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a formally exact quantum-classical correspondence between the stationary coherent states associated with the commensurate anisotropic two-dimensional harmonic oscillator and the classical Lissajous orbits. Our derivation draws upon earlier work of Louck et al [1973 \textit {J. Math. Phys.} \textbf {14} 692] wherein they have provided a non-bijective canonical transformation that maps, within a degenerate eigenspace, the commensurate anisotropic oscillator on to the isotropic oscillator. This mapping leads, in a natural manner, to a Schwinger realization of SU(2) in terms of the canonically transformed creation and annihilation operators. Through the corresponding coherent states built over a degenerate eigenspace, we directly effect the classical limit via the expectation values of the underlying generators. Our work completely accounts for the fact that the SU(2) coherent state in general corresponds to an ensemble of Lissajous orbits.
description: 11 pages, Latex2e, iopart.cls, replaced with published version
The instability of intersecting fuzzy spheres
Creators: name: Azuma, Takehiro
name: Bal, Subrata
name: Nishimura, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the classical and quantum stability of general configurations representing many fuzzy spheres in dimensionally reduced Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons models with and without supersymmetry. By performing one-loop perturbative calculations around such configurations, we find that intersecting fuzzy spheres are classically unstable in the class of models studied in this paper. We also discuss the large-N limit of the one-loop effective action as a function of the distance of fuzzy spheres. This shows, in particular, that concentric fuzzy spheres with different radii, which are identified with the 't Hooft-Polyakov monopoles, are perturbatively stable in the bosonic model and in the D=10 supersymmetric model.
description: 13 pages, (v3) reference added and some arguments refined
Local $β$-deformations and Yang-Baxter sigma model
Creators: name: Sakamoto, Jun-ichi
name: Sakatani, Yuho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Homogeneous Yang-Baxter (YB) deformation of AdS$_5\times$S$^5$ superstring is revisited. We calculate the YB sigma model action up to quadratic order in fermions and show that homogeneous YB deformations are equivalent to $β$-deformations of the AdS$_5\times$S$^5$ background when the classical $r$-matrices consist of bosonic generators. In order to make our discussion clearer, we discuss YB deformations in terms of the double-vielbein formalism of double field theory. We further provide an O(10,10)-invariant string action that reproduces the Green-Schwarz type II superstring action up to quadratic order in fermions. When an AdS background contains a non-vanishing $H$-flux, it is not straightforward to perform homogeneous YB deformations. In order to get any hint for such YB deformations, we study $β$-deformations of $H$-fluxed AdS backgrounds and obtain various solutions of (generalized) type II supergravity.
description: 95 pages; v2: clarifications and references added; v3: published version
Efficacy of Moringa Oleifera Proteins as Coagulants in a Sustainable Sand Filter for Drinking Water Treatment
Creators: name: Nordmark, Brittany A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Cationic proteins from the seeds of the Moringa oleifera tree are of interest as sustainable coagulants for drinking water treatment in regions with poor access to potable water in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. They have been shown to reduce turbidity in natural water sources as well as in various model freshwaters. To identify the active components in the seed extract, high performance liquid chromatography was employed. Eight M. oleifera cationic protein fractions were isolated and characterized using gel electrophoresis, dynamic light scattering, and circular dichroism. Coagulation performance experiments were conducted using a micro-coagulation assay that was validated by comparison to a standard jar test. Fraction coagulation performances were compared individually and in various combinations against kaolin clay suspensions in model freshwaters of varying hardness. The unfractionated protein extract was found to be effective across a broad range of protein dosages. Coagulation activity for this extract was further investigated against humic acid and mixtures of kaolin clay and humic acid in model freshwaters of varying hardness. The coagulation mechanism of Moringa oleifera proteins was demonstrated to be adsorption and charge neutralization. Adsorption isotherms were measured using ellipsometry to investigate the effects of water hardness, fractionation, and fatty acid extraction on protein adsorption to silica surfaces. The zeta potentials of the resulting protein-decorated surfaces were measured by the rotating disk streaming potential method. Sands can be effectively modified with M. oleifera proteins using small amounts of seed extract under various local water hardness conditions. Gravity sand filters packed with Moringa oleifera modified sand were constructed and shown to be effective against kaolin and humic acid. Protein layer coverage and composition did not affect filter performance. These studies may aid in the design of a simple, effective, and sustainable water purification device for developing nations.
Excited Heavy Mesons and Kaon Loops in Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Falk, Adam F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects of excited states on the $SU(3)$ breaking chiral loop corrections to heavy meson properties. In particular, we compare the size of kaon loops in which an excited heavy meson appears to the size of previously calculated loops with heavy mesons in the ground state. We find that the new effects may indeed be of the same magnitude as the old ones, but that there is a strong dependence on the unknown masses and coupling constants of the new states. As a result, we argue that the ground state loops alone may not be a trustworthy guide to $SU(3)$ corrections, and that the appropriate cutoff for a heavy-light chiral lagrangian which omits excited heavy mesons may be considerably smaller than the na\"ıve expectation of $Λ_χ\approx 1\gev$.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures provided upon request, uses harvmac.tex, SLAC--PUB--6055
Quantum Optimal Control in a Chopped Basis: Applications in Control of Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Sørensen, Jens Jakob
name: Aranburu, Mikel
name: Heinzel, Till
name: Sherson, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss quantum optimal control of Bose-Einstein condensates trapped in magnetic microtraps. The objective is to transfer a condensate from the ground state to the first-excited state. This type of control problem is typically solved using derivative-based methods in a high-dimensional control space such as gradient-ascent pulse engineering (GRAPE) and Krotov's method or derivative-free methods in a reduced control space such as Nelder-Mead with a chopped random basis (CRAB). We discuss how these methods can be combined in gradient optimization using parametrization (GROUP) including the finite bandwidth of the control electronics. We compare these methods and find that GROUP converges much faster than Nelder-Mead with CRAB and achieves better results than GRAPE and Krotov's method on the control problem presented here.
Additional file 1 of Clinical diagnosis and treatment of common respiratory tract infections in relation to microbiological profiles in rural health facilities in China: implications for antibiotic stewardship
Creators: name: Shen, Xingrong
name: Shen, Jilu
name: Pan, Yaping
name: Cheng, Jing
name: Chai, Jing
name: Bowker, Karen
name: MacGowan, Alasdair
name: Oliver, Isabel
name: Lambert, Helen
name: Wang, Debing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1.
Introduction to sh Lie algebras for physicists
Creators: name: Lada, Tom
name: Stasheff, Jim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Closed string field theory leads to a generalization of Lie algebra which arose naturally within mathematics in the study of deformations of algebraic structures. It also appeared in work on higher spin particles \cite{BBvD}. Representation theoretic analogs arose in the mathematical analysis of the Batalin-Fradkin-Vilkovisky approach to constrained Hamiltonians. A major goal of this paper is to see the relevant formulas, especially in closed string field theory, as a generalization of those for a differential graded Lie algebra, hopefully describing the mathematical essentials in terms accessible to {\it physicists}.
description: 14 pages AMSTEX, UNC-MATH-92/2
Experimental and Theoretical Study on Lipophilicity of Synthetic 1,2-dithiole Derivatives
Creators: name: Z. Rahmani
name: M. Saidi
name: M. Yousfi
name: M. Dakmouche
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Dithiolethiones
partition coefficient
hydrophobe

description: The aim of this work is to determine the partition coefficients log Pwo of eleven compounds including dithiolethiones, dithiolone, nitrone, 1,2-dithiole-3-imine and compounds which is carried out by two experimental methods i.e., UV-visible and HPLC. According to the procedure of the traditional method shake-flask and we confirm the results by using a theoretical method for calculating the values of log Pwo. The other part of this study is to obtain the value of the unknown fragmental constant of imine(C=N) and the value found of imine fC=N underlined in the calculatation of log Pwo (N-p-nitrophenyl 5-phenyl-1,2-dithiole-3-imine); then to compare the calculated log Pwo value with the experimental study. The results show that: (i) the dithiolones are more hydrophilic than the dithiolethiones; (ii) the values of log Pwo of derivatives bromines, imine and nitrone are lately given in experiments. Our analysis demonstrates good agreement between the experimentally observed and calculated log Pwo values.
Do Quarks Really Form Diquark Clusters in the Nucleon?
Creators: name: Leinweber, Derek B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A gauge invariant method for the investigation of scalar diquark clustering in the nucleon ground state is presented. The method focuses on a comparison of quark distributions in the nucleon with those in the $Δ$ baryon resonance. Recent lattice QCD calculations of these quark distribution radii are analyzed in a search for evidence of scalar diquark clustering. The analysis indicates the lattice results describe the negative squared charge radius of the neutron with little resort to hyperfine clustering between $u$-$d$-quark pairs. This result contrasts both quark-diquark and nonrelativistic quark models where hyperfine attraction between $u$ and $d$ quarks in the nucleon is argued to play a significant role. Comparison of light quark distributions in $Λ^0$ and $Σ^{*0}$ indicate only a small reduction of the scalar diquark distribution radius relative to the vector diquark distribution. Current lattice QCD determinations of baryon charge distributions do not support the concept of substantial $u$-$d$ scalar diquark clustering as an appropriate description of the internal structure of the nucleon.
description: RevTeX 3.0 manuscript, 15 pages. UU-file is a single PostScript file of the manuscript including figures. U. MD PP #93-002
On the X-Ray Light Curve, Pulsed-Radio Emission, and Spin Frequency Evolution of the Transient Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar Xte J1810--197 During its X-Ray Outburst
Creators: name: Ertan, U.
name: Erkut, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that: (i) the long-term X-ray outburst light curve of the transient AXP XTE J1810-197 can be accounted for by a fallback disk that is evolving towards quiescence through a disk instability after having been heated by a soft gamma-ray burst, (ii) the spin-frequency evolution of this source in the same period can also be explained by the disk torque acting on the magnetosphere of the neutron star, (iii) most significantly, recently observed pulsed-radio emission from this source coincides with the epoch of minimum X-ray luminosity. This is natural in terms of a fallback disk model, as the accretion power becomes so low that it is not sufficient to suppress the beamed radio emission from XTE J1810-197.
description: 13 pages, 2 Figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Polarization of spontaneous magnetic field and magnetic fluctuations in $s+is$ anisotropic multiband superconductors
Creators: name: Vadimov, V. L.
name: Silaev, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that multiband superconductors with broken time-reversal symmetry can produce spontaneous currents and magnetic fields in response to the local variations of pairing constants. Considering the iron pnictide superconductor Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$ as an example we demonstrate that both the point-group symmetric $s+is$ state and the C$_4$-symmetry breaking $s+id$ states produce in general the same magnitudes of spontaneous magnetic fields. In the $s+is$ state these fields are polarized mainly in ab crystal plane, while in the $s+id$ state their ab-plane and c-axis components are of the same order. The same is true for the random magnetic fields which are produced by the order parameter fluctuations near the critical point of the time-reversal symmetry breaking phase transition. Our findings can be used as a direct test of the $s+is/s+id$ dichotomy and the additional discrete symmetry breaking phase transitions with the help of muon spin relaxation experiments.
Additional file 2 of Clinical diagnosis and treatment of common respiratory tract infections in relation to microbiological profiles in rural health facilities in China: implications for antibiotic stewardship
Creators: name: Shen, Xingrong
name: Shen, Jilu
name: Pan, Yaping
name: Cheng, Jing
name: Chai, Jing
name: Bowker, Karen
name: MacGowan, Alasdair
name: Oliver, Isabel
name: Lambert, Helen
name: Wang, Debing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 2.
On the Continuum Limit of the Conformal Matrix Models
Creators: name: Mironov, A.
name: Pakuliak, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The double scaling limit of a new class of the multi-matrix models proposed in \cite{MMM91}, which possess the $W$-symmetry at the discrete level, is investigated in details. These models are demonstrated to fall into the same universality class as the standard multi-matrix models. In particular, the transformation of the W-algebra at the discrete level into the continuum one of the paper \cite{FKN91a} is proposed, the corresponding partition functions being compared. All calculations are demonstrated in full in the first non-trivial case of $W^{(3)}$-constraints.
description: FIAN/TD-5/92, LaTeX, 32pp
Two--loop Contributions of Flavor Changing Neutral Higgs Boson to $μ\to eγ$
Creators: name: Chang, D.
name: Hou, W. -S
name: Keung, W. -Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two--loop mechanism of Bjorken and Weinberg is used to constrain flavor changing neutral Higgs bosons. We calculate the complete set of two--loop diagrams for the rare decay $μ\rightarrow e + γ$ induced by such neutral Higgs bosons, for arbitrary Higgs and top masses. The analytic result is used to set limits on Higgs masses for some recent models with specific ansatz about the flavor changing couplings. For example, in the Cheng--Sher scenario of multi-Higgs doublet models, all neutral Higgs bosons possess flavor changing ($f_i \leftrightarrow f_j)$ couplings proportional to $\sqrt{m_i m_j}$. We find that the present limit on $μ\to eγ$ implies that, in such scheme, these neutral Higgs bosons should be heavier than $200$ GeV.
description: 21 pages, 5 graphs not included, CERN--TH.6795/93
Spectroscopic characterisation of the stellar content of ultra diffuse galaxies
Creators: name: Ruiz-Lara, T.
name: Beasley, M. A.
name: Falcón-Barroso, J.
name: Román, J.
name: Pinna, F.
name: Brook, C.
name: Di Cintio, A.
name: Martín-Navarro, I.
name: Trujillo, I.
name: Vazdekis, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the peculiar properties of Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) via spectroscopic analysis is a challenging task requiring very deep observations and exquisite data reduction. In this work we perform one of the most complete characterisations of the stellar component of UDGs to date using deep optical spectroscopic data from OSIRIS at GTC. We measure radial and rotation velocities, star formation histories (SFH) and mean population parameters, such as ages and metallicities, for a sample of five UDG candidates in the Coma cluster. From the radial velocities, we confirm the Coma membership of these galaxies. We find that their rotation properties, if detected at all, are compatible with dwarf-like galaxies. The SFHs of the UDG are dominated by old (~ 7 Gyr), metal-poor ([M/H] ~ -1.1) and alpha-enhanced ([Mg/Fe] ~ 0.4) populations followed by a smooth or episodic decline which halted ~ 2 Gyr ago, possibly a sign of cluster-induced quenching. We find no obvious correlation between individual SFH shapes and any UDG morphological properties. The recovered stellar properties for UDGs are similar to those found for DDO44, a local UDG analogue resolved into stars. We conclude that the UDGs in our sample are extended dwarfs whose properties are likely the outcome of both internal processes, such as bursty SFHs and/or high-spin haloes, as well as environmental effects within the Coma cluster.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Effects of Topography on 3D Seismic Ground Motion Simulation with an Application to the Valley of Aburr´a in Antioquia, Colombia
Creators: name: Doriam L. Restrepo
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: This dissertation presents a numerical scheme based upon the finite element framework for the numerical modeling of earthquake-induced ground motion in the presence of realistic topographic variations of the earths crust. We show that by adopting a non-conforming meshing scheme for the numerical representation of the surficial topography we can obtain very accurate representations of earthquake induced ground motion in mountainous regions. From the computational point of view, our methodology proves to be accurate, efficient, and more importantly, it allows us to preserve the salient features of multi-resolution cubic finite elements. We implemented the non-conforming scheme for the treatment of realistic topographies into Hercules, the octree-based finite-element earthquake simulator developed by the Quake Group at Carnegie Mellon University. We tested the benefits of the strategy by benchmarking its results against reference examples, and by means of convergence analyses. Our qualitative and quantitative comparisons showed an excellent agreement between results. Moreover, this agreement was obtained using the same mesh refinement as in traditional flat-free simulations.

Our approach was tested under realistic conditions by conducting a comprehensive set of deterministic 3D ground motion numerical simulations in an earthquake-prone region exhibiting moderate-to-strong surficial irregularities known as the Aburra Valley in Antioquia - Colombia. We proposed a 50 x 50 x 25 km3 volume to perform our simulations, and four Mw = 5 rupture scenarios along a segment of the Romeral fault, a significant source of seismic activity of Colombia. We created and used the Initial Velocity Model of the Aburra Valley region (IVM-AbV) which takes geology as a proxy for shear-wave velocity. Each earthquake model was simulated using three different models: (i) realistic 3D structure with realistic topography; (ii) realistic 3D structure without topography; and (iii) homogeneous half space with realistic topography. Our results show how realistic topography greatly modifies the ground response. In particular, they highlight the importance of the combined interaction between source-effects, focusing, soft-soil conditions, and 3D topography. We provide quantitative evidence of this interaction and show that topographic amplification factors at some locations can be as high as 500 percent, while some other areas experience reductions. These are smaller than the amplifications, on the order of up to 100 percent.
Extension of Maschke's theorem
Creators: name: Suksumran, Teerapong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 20G05, Secondary 20N05

description: In the present article, we examine linear representations of finite gyrogroups, following their group-counterparts. In particular, we prove the celebrated theorem of Maschke for gyrogroups, along with its converse. This suggests studying the left regular action of a gyrogroup $(G, \oplus)$ on the function space $$ L^{\mathrm{gyr}}(G) = \{f\in L(G)\colon \forall a, x, y, z\in G, f(a\oplus\mathrm{gyr}[x, y]z) = f(a\oplus z)\} $$ in a natural way, where $L(G)$ is the space of all functions from $G$ into a field.
description: 17 pages
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Fontenay, second fragment (XIIIe siècle), Cart. 201 (15 H 9), folios 47-142, f. 074r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2009
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de Fontenay, second fragment (XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 201 (15 H 9), folios 47-142. Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Fontenay, second fragment (XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 201 (15 H 9), folios 47-142, f. 074r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119679755
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/7874015
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/027691802/id
description: Provenance: abbaye de Fontenay
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q464918
Effective Field Theory of Particle Interactions Mediated by Fluid Surfaces
Creators: name: Haussman, Robert
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluid interfaces and membranes can mediate forces between particles bound to them. Bound objects impart local deformations of the surface geometry and modify its thermal fluctuation spectrum, the effects of which spread to distant regions where other objects can respond to it. Such surface-mediated interactions play an important role in aggregation and structure formation of both colloids at fluid interfaces, relevant for many technological applications, and protein inclusions in biological membranes, which are believed to assist in important cellular remodeling processes like endocytosis and exocytosis. While the physical characteristics of these geometric interactions are conceptually straightforward, the corresponding calculations are unfortunately far from trivial. The challenge is that one must enforce conditions at the particle–surface boundaries of finite-sized objects, which themselves may also be subject to thermal fluctuations. In this thesis we develop an Effective Field Theory (EFT) formalism which disentangles the particle boundary conditions from the calculation of the interaction free energy by constructing an equivalent point-particle description. We first motivate the intuition and key steps needed to construct an EFT through a familiar electrostatics problem, which will serve as a guiding analogy for capturing finite-size information in point-like “polarizabilities” and determining their values through a suitable “matching” procedure. We then apply the formalism to construct complete effective energy functionals for flat, curved, and asymmetric rigid particles bound to tension dominated and bending-elasticity dominated surfaces. The interaction potential emerges as a systematic cumulant expansion, for which we provide a powerful diagrammatic technique and derive series expansions for pairwise and multibody interactions, as well as corrections due to thermal fluctuations. In particular, we calculate to high orders—and in some cases to all orders—the elastic and entropic interactions between particles with various fixed and free boundary conditions, and analyze the corresponding energy landscapes to determine the preferred configurations and orientations of anisotropic and multibody systems.
N to Delta electromagnetic and axial form factors in full QCD
Creators: name: Alexandrou, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice results on the N to Delta electromagnetic, axial-vector and pseudoscalar form factors are evaluated using dynamical staggered sea quarks and domain wall valence quarks for pion masses in the range of 580-350 MeV, as well as, dynamical and quenched Wilson fermions for similar pion masses.
description: 8 pages, 6 Figures. Invited talk given at the Workshop Exclusive Reactions at High Momentum Transfer, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, USA, May 21-24 2007
Superfluid weight and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless temperature of spin-imbalanced and spin-orbit-coupled Fulde-Ferrell phases in lattice systems
Creators: name: Julku, Aleksi
name: Liang, Long
name: Törmä, Päivi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the superfluid weight $D^s$ and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition temperatures $T_{BKT}$ in case of exotic Fulde-Ferrell (FF) superfluid states in lattice systems. We consider spin-imbalanced systems with and without spin-orbit coupling (SOC) accompanied with in-plane Zeeman field. By applying mean-field theory, we derive general equations for $D^s$ and $T_{BKT}$ in the presence of SOC and the Zeeman fields for 2D Fermi-Hubbard lattice models, and apply our results to a 2D square lattice. We show that conventional spin-imbalanced FF states without SOC can be observed at finite temperatures and that FF phases are further stabilized against thermal fluctuations by introducing SOC. We also propose how topologically non-trivial SOC-induced FF phases could be identified experimentally by studying the total density profiles. Furthermore, the relative behavior of transverse and longitudinal superfluid weight components and the role of the geometric superfluid contribution are discussed.
description: 35 pages, 7 figures
Critical Wilson Lines in Toroidal Compactifications of Heteroric Strings
Creators: name: Mohaupt, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical values of Wilson lines and general background fields for toroidal compactifications of heterotic string theories are constructed systematically using Dynkin diagrams.
description: 32 pages, LATEX
New Higher-Order Mass-Lumped Tetrahedral Elements for Wave Propagation Modelling
Creators: name: Geevers, S.
name: Mulder, W. A.
name: van der Vegt, J. J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M12, 65M60

description: We present a new accuracy condition for the construction of continuous mass-lumped elements. This condition is less restrictive than the one currently used and enabled us to construct new mass-lumped tetrahedral elements of degrees 2 to 4. The new degree-2 and degree-3 tetrahedral elements require 15 and 32 nodes per element, respectively, while currently, these elements require 23 and 50 nodes, respectively. The new degree-4 elements require 60, 61 or 65 nodes per element. Tetrahedral elements of this degree had not been found yet. We prove that our accuracy condition results in a mass-lumped finite element method that converges with optimal order in the $L^2$-norm and energy-norm. A dispersion analysis and several numerical tests confirm that our elements maintain the optimal order of accuracy and show that the new mass-lumped tetrahedral elements are more efficient than the current ones.
Finite-Larmor-radius equilibrium and currents of the Earth's flank magnetopause
Creators: name: Cerri, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the one-dimensional equilibrium problem of a shear-flow boundary layer within an "extended Hall-MHD" (eHMHD) model of plasma that retains first-order finite Larmor radius (FLR) corrections to the ion dynamics. We provide a generalized version of the analytic expressions for the equilibrium configuration given in Cerri et al. (2013) [Cerri et al., Phys. Plasmas 20, 112112 (2013)], highlighting their intrinsic asymmetry due to the relative orientation of the magnetic field $\mathbf{b}=\mathbf{B}/|\mathbf{B}|$ and the fluid vorticity $\mathbfω=\mathbf{\nabla}\times\mathbf{u}$ ("$\mathbf{ωb}$ asymmetry"). Finally, we show that FLR effects can modify the Chapman--Ferraro current layer at the flank magnetopause in a way that is consistent with the observed structure reported by Haaland et al. (2014) [Haaland et al., J. Geophys. Res. Space Phys. 119, 9019-9037 (2014)]. In particular, we are able to qualitatively reproduce the following key features: (i) the dusk-dawn asymmetry of the current layer, (ii) a double-peak feature in the current profiles, and (iii) adjacent current sheets having thicknesses of several ion Larmor radii and with different current directions.
description: version accepted for publication in Journal of Plasma Physics
Investigation of modified ATLAS pixel implantations after irradiation with neutrons
Creators: name: Gisen, A.
name: Altenheiner, S.
name: Gößling, C.
name: Grothe, M.
name: Klingenberg, R.
name: Kröninger, K.
name: Lönker, J.
name: Weers, M.
name: Wittig, T.
name: Wizemann, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The innermost part of the tracking detector of the ATLAS experiment consists mainly of planar n$^+$-in-n silicon pixel sensors. During the phase-0 upgrade, the Insertable B-Layer (IBL) was installed closest to the beam pipe. Its pixels are arranged with a pitch of $250\,μ$m$\,\times\,50\,μ$m with a rectangular shaped n$^+$ implantation. Based on this design modified pixel designs have been developed in Dortmund. Six of these new pixel designs are arranged in structures of ten columns and were placed beside structures with the standard design on one sensor. Because of a special guard ring design, each structure can be powered and investigated separately. Several of these sensors were bump bonded to FE-I4 read-out chips. One of these modules was irradiated with reactor neutrons up to a fluence of $5 \times 10^{15} \, n_{\text{eq}}\text{cm}^{-2}$. This contribution presents important sensor characteristics, charge collection determined with radioactive sources and hit efficiency measurements, performed in laboratory and test beam, of this irradiated device. It is shown that the new modified designs perform similar or better than the IBL standard design in terms of charge collection and tracking efficiency, at the cost of a slightly increased leakage current.
The Electric and Magnetic Form Factors of the Neutron
Creators: name: Schlumpf, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the electric and magnetic form factors of the neutron in the framework of a relativistic constituent quark model. Our parameter free prediction agrees well with a recent, accurate measurement. The relativistic features of the model and the specific form of the wave function are essential for the result. Comparisons are made to other models based on VMD, PQCD and QCD sum rules.
description: 6 pages, LaTeX, SLAC-PUB-6050
Computational Studies and Geometry Optimization of Antidiabetic Drug, N,N-dimethylimido Dicarbo Nimidic Diamide
Creators: name: I. E. Otuokere
name: C. O. Alisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Metformin
diabetes
geometry optimization
electrostatic potentials
energy

description: Metformin (N,N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidicdiamide) is a biguanide-class oral antidiabetic medication. It is the first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes in adults who are overweight or obese, as well as those who have normal renal function. The in silico nuclear resonance magnetic spectroscopy of metformin was performed using ACD/I-lab. The chemical shifts of the methyl protons labelled 6 and 7 appeared as a singlet at 3.03 ppm while the chemical shifts of the amino protons labelled 3, 5, 10 and 11 appeared as a singlet at position 10.16, 6.66, 8.57 and 8.38 ppm respectively. Chemical changes of 38.77 ppm were seen in the methyl carbons at positions 6 and 7, whereas chemical shifts of 158.20 and 159.10 ppm were seen in the imine carbons. All conformational analysis (geometry optimization) study was performed on a window based computer using Argus lab software. The metformin structure was generated by Argus lab, and minimization was performed with the semi-empirical Parametric Method 3 (PM3). The geometry convergence function in Argus lab software was used to find the minimal potential energy. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), and electrostatic potentials (ESP) mapping density were seen using surfaces. The minimum potential energy calculated using geometry convergence function in Argus lab software was found to be 41.537840 kcal/mol. This energy minimum is the most stable conformation of the molecule.
Cosmic Strings and Chronology Protection
Creators: name: Grant, James D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A space consisting of two rapidly moving cosmic strings has recently been constructed by Gott that contains closed timelike curves. The global structure of this space is analysed and is found that, away from the strings, the space is identical to a generalised Misner space. The vacuum expectation value of the energy momentum tensor for a conformally coupled scalar field is calculated on this generalised Misner space. It is found to diverge very weakly on the Chronology horizon, but more strongly on the polarised hypersurfaces. The divergence on the polarised hypersurfaces is strong enough that when the proper geodesic interval around any polarised hypersurface is of order the Planck length squared, the perturbation to the metric caused by the backreaction will be of order one. Thus we expect the structure of the space will be radically altered by the backreaction before quantum gravitational effects become important. This suggests that Hawking's `Chronology Protection Conjecture' holds for spaces with non-compactly generated Chronology horizon.
description: 15 pages, plain TeX, 2 figures (not included), DAMTP-R92/35
Economics of Behind-the-Meter Solar PV and Energy Storage
Creators: name: Hagerman, Shelly C.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: In this thesis, I present three research papers that focus on the economics of behind-the-meter technologies for residential, commercial, and industrial customers. Each of these papers takes the perspective of the customer, where the value of the technology comes from reducing their electricity bill. In Chapter 2, I assess whether solar photovoltaics are economically viable without subsidies for residential customers across the United States. I calculate the break-even electricity prices and installation costs and find that, at a state level, solar PV is only currently economically attractive in Hawaii without the use of subsidies. In order for widespread adoption of solar PV, I illustrate how the availability of favorable financing terms, installation costs at or below $1.5/W, and the continuance of net energy metering policies are each critical. In Chapter 3, I create a case study to better understand solar PV economics for commercial and industrial customers, who collectively account for the majority of annual electricity sales in the United States. While residential customers are billed based on the total amount of energy they consume, commercial and industrial customers are also billed according to their greatest 15- minute energy use in a month with a demand charge. I analyze the net present value of a solar PV investment using both simulated and measured load and solar data for a variety of commercial customers in North and South Carolina. I identify key factors that influence economic viability and find that solar PV is not presently economically viable for these customers without subsidies, but will be once installation costs drop to below $1.25/W. In Chapter 4, I evaluate the economics of using energy storage to further reduce demand charges for each of the customers examined in Chapter 3. Using a “black-box” approach, I apply several generic energy storage technical attributes of a high-energy lithium-ion battery to assess the ideal performance and maximum economic benefit of energy storage. I find that batteries with lower capacities are most profitable for the commercial and industrial customers examined using an optimistic algorithm, but require further cost reductions using a pessimistic algorithm.
Reparametrization invariance and the expansion of currents in the heavy quark effective theory
Creators: name: Neubert, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coefficients appearing at leading and subleading order in the $1/m$ expansion of bilinear heavy quark currents are related to each other by imposing reparametrization invariance on both the effective current operators and the short-distance coefficient functions in the heavy quark effective theory. When combined with present knowledge about the leading order coefficients, the results allow to calculate all coefficients appearing at order $1/m$ to next-to-leading order in renormalization-group improved perturbation theory. They also provide a meaningful definition of the velocity transfer variable $v\cdot v'$ to order $1/m$.
description: 10 pages ReVTeX, SLAC-PUB-6059 (no figures)
Extended symmetrical classical electrodynamics
Creators: name: Fedorov, A. V.
name: Kalashnikov, E. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present article, we discuss a modification of classical electrodynamics in which ``ordinary'' point charges are absent. The modified equations contain additional terms describing the induced charges and currents. The densities of the induced charges and currents depend on the vector k and the vectors of the electromagnetic field E and B. It is shown that the vectors E and B can be defined in terms of two 4-potentials and the components of k are the components of the 4-tensor of the third rank. The Lagrangian of modified electrodynamics is defined. The conditions are derived at which only one 4-potential determines the behavior of the electromagnetic field. It is also shown that static modified electrodynamics can describe the electromagnetic field in the inner region of the electric monopole. In the outer region of the electric monopole the electric field is governed by the Maxwell equations. It follows from boundary conditions at the interface between the inner and outer regions of the monopole that the vector k has a discrete spectrum. The electric and magnetic fields, energy and angular momentum of the monopole are found for different eigenvalues of k.
Ion trap quantum gates with amplitude-modulated laser beams
Creators: name: Roos, Christian F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In ion traps, entangling gate operations can be realized by a bichromatic pair of laser beams that collectively interact with the ions. In this paper, a new method of modelling the laser-ion interaction is introduced that turns out to be superior to standard techniques for the description of gate operations on optical qubits. The treatment allows for a comparison of the performance of gates based on $σ_z\otimesσ_z$ and Mølmer-Sørensen interactions on optical transitions where the bichromatic laser field can be realized by an amplitude-modulated laser resonant with the qubit transition. Shaping the amplitude of the bichromatic laser pulse is shown to make the gates more robust against experimental imperfections.
description: 20 pages. Slightly revised version
Evolution of spatially resolved star formation main sequence and surface density profiles in massive disc galaxies at $0\lesssim z \lesssim 1$: inside-out stellar mass buildup and quenching
Creators: name: Abdurro'uf
name: Akiyama, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a relation between surface densities of star formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass ($M_{*}$) at a $\sim 1$ kpc scale namely spatially resolved star formation main sequence (SFMS) in massive ($\log(M_{*}/M_{\odot})>10.5$) face-on disc galaxies at $0.01
description: 20 pages, 21 figures. Updated with some supporting appendixes. Accepted by MNRAS
Characterization of graphene oxide dispersions in biological media
Creators: name: Saorin, Asia
name: Alonso, Beatriz
name: Subrati, Ahmed
name: Moya, Sergio
name: Monopoli, Marco P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Graphene oxide (GO), the oxidized form of graphene, is widely studied due to its high dispersibility and ease of production, making it useful in applications like sensors, batteries, solar cells, and as a polymer filler. As GO use increases, so does the potential for human and environmental exposure, necessitating risk assessment beyond its pristine state, especially after exposure to environmental and biological fluids[1]. This work characterizes GO samples of varying sizes and oxidation levels after exposure to biological fluids, including cell culture media, simulated lung surfactants, and C. elegans media. GO was incubated in water collected from C. elegans cultures, both with and without E. coli, as biomolecules from worms, bacteria, and Nematode Growth Medium can influence exposure conditions. To simulate inhalation exposure, we used  amble’s solution, which mimics deep lung interstitial fluid [2]. The stability of GO dispersions in cell culture media was evaluated due to its impact on cellular responses, along with the characterization of the biomolecular corona that forms around GO in biological environments [3]. This study focused on both the stability of GO in complex media and the biomolecular corona's role