cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Entertainment-Retail Centres in Hong Kong and Los Angeles: Trends and Lessons
Creators: name: Irazabal Zurita, Clara E.
name: Chakravarty, Surajit
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: City planning

description: This paper examines the evolution and recent trends in the design of Entertainment Retail Centres (ERCs) in Los Angeles and Hong Kong. Most of the literature on spaces of consumption and leisure deals with economic reasons for the development of these spaces, and with the social, cultural, and political implications of the phenomenon. There are limitations to this approach that this study addresses. First, there has been a lack of attention to processes of globalization in the analysis of these spaces. Furthermore, a largely US-centred approach has left out an understanding of the significance of the ERC phenomenon in other societies. Secondly, the literature lacks a sufficient appreciation of the particularities of urban planning and design associated with ERCs. A body of work addresses the issues of the organization of space within the mall, and its architectonics. However, these studies are by definition limited to the complex, and not oriented towards the urban setting. This paper seeks to address these gaps by moving towards an understanding of the relationship of entertainment retail spaces to their urban and global contexts. It considers ERCs not only for the construction of economics, but also of urban, social, and cultural forces, and simultaneously as agents for the mediation of these forces in the built environment of localized places. The analysis is organized along four related themes—land use, transportation, urban design, and consumption patterns. The conclusion offers lessons that can orient both these global cities' trajectories and those of the cities that follow in their footsteps.
title: Rifles
title: Rifles
Creators: name: Storz, Dieter
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Gewehr
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Rifles

description: The rifle was by far the most common weapon used in the world war. When the major powers entered the conflict, they possessed around 11 million rifles. During the war, they either manufactured or imported 30 million more.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Human Perception of Fear in Dogs Varies According to Experience with Dogs
Creators: name: Wan, Michele
name: Bolger, Niall Paul
name: Champagne, Frances Anne
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Dogs
subject: Visual perception
subject: Emotions
subject: Fear

description: To investigate the role of experience in humans’ perception of emotion using canine visual signals, we asked adults with various levels of dog experience to interpret the emotions of dogs displayed in videos. The video stimuli had been pre-categorized by an expert panel of dog behavior professionals as showing examples of happy or fearful dog behavior. In a sample of 2,163 participants, the level of dog experience strongly predicted identification of fearful, but not of happy, emotional examples. The probability of selecting the “fearful” category to describe fearful examples increased with experience and ranged from.30 among those who had never lived with a dog to greater than.70 among dog professionals. In contrast, the probability of selecting the “happy” category to describe happy emotional examples varied little by experience, ranging from.90 to.93. In addition, the number of physical features of the dog that participants reported using for emotional interpretations increased with experience, and in particular, more-experienced respondents were more likely to attend to the ears. Lastly, more-experienced respondents provided lower difficulty and higher accuracy self-ratings than less-experienced respondents when interpreting both happy and fearful emotional examples. The human perception of emotion in other humans has previously been shown to be sensitive to individual differences in social experience, and the results of the current study extend the notion of experience-dependent processes from the intraspecific to the interspecific domain.
title: Artillery
title: Artillery
Creators: name: Storz, Dieter
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Artillerie
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Artillery

description: Artillery consisted of the military’s heavy firearms. As a branch of the armed forces, its purpose was to fire explosive-filled projectiles across relatively large distances. In contrast to the infantry and the cavalry, the artillery could not enter into combat on its own. By the same token, other weapons required artillery support in order to be effective in battle.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
The NON-VON Database Machine: An Overview
Creators: name: Shaw, David Elliot
name: Stolfo, Salvatore
name: Ibrahim, Hussein
name: Hillyer, Bruce K.
name: Andrews, Jim
name: Wiederhold, Gio
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1981
Subjects: Computer input-output equipment
Parallel programming (Computer science)
Computer engineering
Information science

description: The NON-VON machine (portions of which are presently under construction in the Department of Computer Science at Columbia, in cooperation with the Knowledge Base Management Systems Project at Stanford) was designed to apply computational parallelism on a rather massive scale to a large share of the information processing functions now performed by digital computers.

The NON-VON architecture comprises a tree-structured Primary Processing Subsystem (PPS), which we are implementing using custom nMOS VLSI chips, Secondary Processing Subsystem (SPS) incorporating modified, highly intelligent disk drives. NON-VON should permit particularly dramatic performance improvements in very large scale data manipulation tasks, including relational database operations and external sorting. This paper briefly describes the structure and function of the NON-VON machine and its constituent processing subsystems.
Globules and pillars seen in the [CII] 158 micron line with SOFIA
Creators: name: Schneider, N.
name: Güsten, R.
name: Tremblin, P.
name: Hennemann, M.
name: Minier, V.
name: Hill, T.
name: Comerón, F.
name: Requena-Torres, M. A.
name: Kraemer, K. E.
name: Simon, R.
name: Röllig, M.
name: Stutzki, J.
name: Djupvik, A. A.
name: Zinnecker, H.
name: Marston, A.
name: Csengeri, T.
name: Cormier, D.
name: Lebouteiller, V.
name: Audit, E.
name: Motte, F.
name: Bontemps, S.
name: Sandell, G.
name: Allen, L.
name: Megeath, T.
name: Gutermuth, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular globules and pillars are spectacular features, found only in the interface region between a molecular cloud and an HII-region. Impacting Far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation creates photon dominated regions (PDRs) on their surfaces that can be traced by typical cooling lines. With the GREAT receiver onboard SOFIA we mapped and spectrally resolved the [CII] 158 micron atomic fine-structure line and the highly excited 12CO J=11-10 molecular line from three objects in Cygnus X (a pillar, a globule, and a strong IRAS source). We focus here on the globule and compare our data with existing Spitzer data and recent Herschel Open-Time PACS data. Extended [CII] emission and more compact CO-emission was found in the globule. We ascribe this emission mainly to an internal PDR, created by a possibly embedded star-cluster with at least one early B-star. However, external PDR emission caused by the excitation by the Cyg OB2 association cannot be fully excluded. The velocity-resolved [CII] emission traces the emission of PDR surfaces, possible rotation of the globule, and high-velocity outflowing gas. The globule shows a velocity shift of ~2 km/s with respect to the expanding HII-region, which can be understood as the residual turbulence of the molecular cloud from which the globule arose. This scenario is compatible with recent numerical simulations that emphazise the effect of turbulence. It is remarkable that an isolated globule shows these strong dynamical features traced by the [CII]-line, but it demands more observational studies to verify if there is indeed an embedded cluster of B-stars.
description: Letter accepted by A&A (SOFIA special issue)
Remarks presented before the National Academies Committee on the Impact of Copyright Policy on Innovation in the Digital Era
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Intellectual property

description: Thank you for the opportunity to address this committee at the National Academy of Science. You are uniquely positioned to contend with the barriers to innovation that arise through the impact of copyright law on scientific integrity. In my remarks I hope to convince you of the urgent need for the Committee to redress these barriers directly by recommending open licensing for scientific works, in particular code and data. Copyright law works counter to scientific progress, with enormous impact on innovation both inside and outside the scientific enterprise.
title: Food and Nutrition (Italy)
title: Food and Nutrition (Italy)
Creators: name: Dentoni, Maria Concetta
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Lebensmittelversorgung
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Italy
subject: Food supply

description: During the First World War, the Italian Government was unable to establish a realistic plan to feed the army and the civilian population; consequently there was a significant reduction in the consumption of even basic necessities, with hardships above all for the poorest. The inevitable protests and the risk that they could also involve the army, prompted the government to seek social consensus especially in resolving the food issue, favouring in this way, the emergence of a myth about future well-being based on some sort of revived “moral economy”.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Additional file 1 of Comparison of left atrial and left atrial appendage mechanics in the risk stratification of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation
Creators: name: Mao, Yankai
name: Yu, Chan
name: Yang, Yuan
name: Ma, Mingming
name: Wang, Yunhe
name: Jiang, Ruhong
name: Chen, Ran
name: Zhao, Bowen
name: Jiang, Chenyang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. AUC for ROC analysis of clinical and echocardiographic variables. The variables that have the highest diagnostic performance for stroke in each group were highlighted. Supplementary Table 2. Baseline characteristics for subgroups with normal (iLAVmax < 34 mL/m2) and abnormal (iLAVmax≥34 mL/m2) LA volumes. Figure 1. The incremental value of LA MD or LAA MD for identifying stroke or transient ischaemic attack in six models in patients with normal LA volumes(iLAVmax) < 34 mL/m2) (A) and abnormal LA volumes (iLAVmax ≥ 34 mL/m2) (B). AF, atrial fibrillation; GLS, global longitudinal strain; i, indexed to body surface area; LA, left atrium; LAA, left atrial appendage; LAAEV, LAA emptying velocity; LAEF, LA emptying fraction; MD, mechanical dispersion; Vmax, maximal volume
An Inverse Interface Evolution Problem to Identify Participant-Specific Bone Microarchitecture Adaptation
Creators: name: Kemp, Tannis Danielle
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Bone Remodeling, Inverse Problems, Level Set Methods, HR-pQCT
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Bone’s microarchitecture, strength and density change throughout our lifetime through the natural process of bone adaptation. With age, the mechanisms that normally maintain bone’s mechanical competence are disrupted and rapid bone loss ensues. In an attempt to understand these mechanisms, many theories and computational models were developed. But to date, few of these models have been rigorously tested in vivo. The first objective of this thesis was to develop a computational technique to validate bone adaptation models in vivo. Specifically, an inverse problem was defined that identifies participant-specific bone adaptation parameters from high-resolution computed tomography (CT) image data of changing bone microarchitecture. The inverse problem was based on a model of advection and mean curvature flow (curvature-driven bone adaptation). The inverse technique was accurate for synthetic data that exactly obeyed the curvature-driven model; it was insensitive and robust to small amounts of salt-and-pepper. Based on a solver that was accurate for data that obeyed the curvature-driven model, it was possible to test the model itself on longitudinal in vivo data. Sixteen astronauts who spent between four and seven months on the International Space Station received high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) scans before and after flight. The inverse problem was solved for each participant, and bone samples were simulated to match the HR-pQCT images at each measurement. Predicted and observed static morphometry (trabecular thickness, separation, number and bone volume fraction) agreed well, but dynamic morphometry (bone formation and resorption rates) indicated a poor fit. While the mean curvature model did not predict local bone adaptation in astronauts, a framework was developed that will allow researchers to test any model in vivo on a participant-specific basis. The inverse problem is versatile and general and could easily be adjusted for other models (i.e., strain-driven or other geometric flows). By rigorously testing hypotheses regarding bone adaptation in vivo, researchers will better understand the mechanisms of bone loss in space and on Earth.
title: Minorities (Ottoman Empire/Middle East)
title: Minorities (Ottoman Empire/Middle East)
Creators: name: Kieser, Hans-Lukas
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Osmanisches Reich
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Minderheit
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Turkey
subject: Minorities

description: The Ottoman Empire was the most religiously diverse empire in Europe and Asia. Macedonia, the southernmost Balkan regions and Asia Minor, which formed historically and in the minds of late Ottoman elites the territorial core of the empire, housed large groups of Christians and a significant number of Jews; there was no clear Muslim majority. Struck by an existential crisis beginning in the late 18th century, the Ottoman state undertook reforms, declared the equality of its subjects, willingly maintained its diversity and even institutionalised the cultural and religious autonomies which it had given its Christian and Jewish communities. When the Ottoman state failed to defend its territory and sovereignty, the Young Turk Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), the revolutionary rulers who gained power in a coup, finally decided on a program of national homogenization in Asia Minor which it carried out in 1914-1918. The CUP classified the Ottoman populations and dealt with them through resettlement, dispersion, expulsion and destruction – depending on the populations' assimilability into a Turko-Muslim nation in the Anatolian core. It judged the Muslims, in particular the Kurds, assimilable, but the Christian groups non-assimilable.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
SparseLab Architecture
Creators: name: Donoho, David L.
name: Stodden, Victoria C.
name: Tsaig, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Computer science

description: Changes and Enhancements for Release 2.0: 4 papers have been added to SparseLab 2.0: "Fast Solution of l1-norm Minimization Problems When the Solutions May be Sparse"; "Why Simple Shrinkage is Still Relevant For Redundant Representations"; "Stable Recovery of Sparse Overcomplete Representations in the Presence of Noise"; "On the Stability of Basis Pursuit in the Presence of Noise." This document describes the architecture of SparseLab version 2.0. It is designed for users who already have had day-to-day interaction with the package and now need specific details about the architecture of the package, for example to modify components for their own research.
title: Organization of War Economies (Russian Empire)
title: Organization of War Economies (Russian Empire)
Creators: name: Gatrell, Peter
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Russland
subject: Kriegswirtschaft
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Russia
subject: War finance

description: The multiple demands of protracted warfare subjected the entire economic system of the Russian empire to immense and ultimately intolerable strain. Nevertheless, the war witnessed the emergence of new sectors of industry, and aggregate economic decline set in only after 1916. The war effort exposed shortcomings in the traditional system of military production and procurement, which new war industry committees sought to exploit on behalf of the private sector. Rural consumers suffered shortages of basic goods, with knock-on effects in the supply of foodstuffs to the urban sector. Mobilisation also raised questions about demobilisation, allowing civil servants and technical specialists to articulate a non-market, technocratic vision of economic development.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Entanglement generation in relativistic quantum fields
Creators: name: Friis, Nicolai
name: Fuentes, Ivette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general, analytic recipe to compute the entanglement that is generated between arbitrary, discrete modes of bosonic quantum fields by Bogoliubov transformations. Our setup allows the complete characterization of the quantum correlations in all Gaussian field states. Additionally, it holds for all Bogoliubov transformations. These are commonly applied in quantum optics for the description of squeezing operations, relate the mode decompositions of observers in different regions of curved spacetimes, and describe observers moving along non-stationary trajectories. We focus on a quantum optical example in a cavity quantum electrodynamics setting: an uncharged scalar field within a cavity provides a model for an optical resonator, in which entanglement is created by non-uniform acceleration. We show that the amount of generated entanglement can be magnified by initial single-mode squeezing, for which we provide an explicit formula. Applications to quantum fields in curved spacetimes, such as an expanding universe, are discussed.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, Ivette Fuentes previously published as Ivette Fuentes-Guridi and Ivette Fuentes-Schuller; v2: published version (online), to appear in the J. Mod. Opt. Special Issue on the Physics of Quantum Electronics
Funding Agency Policy and the Credibility Crisis in Computational Science
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Information science

description: Power point presentation on the NSF funding policy and the next steps for data management plans in terms of computational sciences. This includes an argument on updating the scientific method and computational science’s emergence as central to the “scientific endeavor.”
Fresh Perspectives
Creators: name: Bow Valley College
Publisher: name: Bow Valley College
Year: 2021
Subjects: Post-secondary
Bow Valley College
Applied Research
Research and development projects
Teaching and Learning

description: Applied research informs our practice, develops and pilots innovation in teaching, learning, curriculum development, and College processes and products that keep our learners at the center of everything we do. The researchers profiled in this booklet represent almost every department at BVC, partnerships with other postsecondary institutions, communities, and government.
Intellectual Contributions to Digitized Science: Implementing the Scientific Method
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Information science

description: Looks into the scientific method and the contributions it makes to digitized sciences, including computer science and astrophysics. The scientific method adds to reproducibility and this power point looks into the ways that the scientific method contributes to different computational sciences in order to reproduce code and manipulate new software and data.
Unwanted refugees : Chinese migration and the making of a global humanitarian agenda, 1949-1989
Creators: name: Madokoro, Laura
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This project traces the history of population movements out of “Red China” during the Cold War and investigates how certain Chinese migrants came to be treated as refugees when the vast majority did not. From 1949 to 1989 thousands of people left the People’s Republic of China. The settler societies of the British Commonwealth offered refuge to only a few. Contrary to the politics surrounding the flight of individuals and groups from the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc, no discourse of “Cold War warrior” or “freedom fighter” attended the movement of people leaving the Chinese mainland after the victory of the Chinese Communist Party in 1949. In investigating the reason for this marked difference, this project connects the mediating role played by humanitarian actors and officials in Hong Kong with longstanding histories of racist exclusion in the settler societies of Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. States were confronted with the challenge of reconciling notions of universal human rights, liberty and freedom with their persistent reservations about the desirability of Chinese migrants. As a result, there was an inconsistent and fractured response to the idea advanced by NGOs, churches and Chinese community organizations that the people leaving China were refugees in need of assistance. States responded to the movement of people and pressure from humanitarian actors by carefully delineating the ways and means in which people would be identified as refugees. They proffered aid accordingly. Questions of assistance and protection were deeply entwined with the elaborate migration controls and regulation that characterized the international migration regime of the late twentieth century. Authorities frequently defined people as illegal in order to reject calls to provide assistance or protection. While the discourse of illegality undermined claims to refugeehood, the growth in the number and variety of official migration categories meant that people simply moved according to whatever category, or discrete resettlement program, was available to them. This movement subverted state efforts at regulating migration and further undermined the work of religious and secular humanitarians who consistently depicted refugees as abject and helpless. Humanitarian actors were therefore only modestly successful in their efforts to secure consistent state engagement with refugee issues. For most of the Cold War, refugees from China were unwanted in the settler societies of the British Commonwealth.
What is Reproducible Research? The Practice of Science Today and the Scientific Method
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Information science

description: Power point presentation on the NSF funding policy and the next steps for data management plans in terms of computational sciences. This includes an argument on updating the scientific method and computational science’s emergence as central to the “scientific endeavor.”
Reproducibility in Computational Science: Framing the Concept
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Information science

description: Power point presentation on the “Reproducibility in Computational Science” by Victoria Stodden going over the definitions of reproducibility, implementations of the scientific method in different fields, how this applies to policy makers, journal editors, and agencies such as the NSF that award grants for projects.
On a 3D isothermal model for nematic liquid crystals accounting for stretching terms
Creators: name: Cavaterra, Cecilia
name: Rocca, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The present contribution investigates the well-posedness of a PDE system describing the evolution of a nematic liquid crystal flow under kinematic transports for molecules of different shapes. More in particular, the evolution of the {\em velocity field} $\ub$ is ruled by the Navier-Stokes incompressible system with a stress tensor exhibiting a special coupling between the transport and the induced terms. The dynamic of the {\em director field} $\bd$ is described by a variation of a parabolic Ginzburg-Landau equation with a suitable penalization of the physical constraint $|\bd|=1$. Such equation accounts for both the kinematic transport by the flow field and the internal relaxation due to the elastic energy. The main aim of this contribution is to overcome the lack of a maximum principle for the director equation and prove (without any restriction on the data and on the physical constants of the problem) the existence of global in time weak solutions under physically meaningful boundary conditions on $\bd$ and $\ub$.
About SparseLab
Creators: name: Donoho, David L.
name: Stodden, Victoria C.
name: Tsaig, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Computer science

description: Changes and Enhancements for Release 2.0: 4 papers have been added to SparseLab 200: "Fast Solution of l1-norm Minimization Problems When the Solutions May be Sparse"; "Why Simple Shrinkage is Still Relevant For Redundant Representations"; "Stable Recovery of Sparse Overcomplete Representations in the Presence of Noise"; "On the Stability of Basis Pursuit in the Presence of Noise." SparseLab is a library of Matlab routines for finding sparse solutions to underdetermined systems. The library is available free of charge over the Internet. Versions are provided for Macintosh, UNIX and Windows machines. Downloading and installation instructions are given here. SparseLab has over 400 .m files which are documented, indexed and cross-referenced in various ways. In this document we suggest several ways to get started using SparseLab: (a) trying out the pedagogical examples, (b) running the demonstrations, which illustrate the use of SparseLab in published papers, and (c) browsing the extensive collection of source files, which are self-documenting. SparseLab makes available, in one package, all the code to reproduce all the figures in the included published articles. The interested reader can inspect the source code to see exactly what algorithms were used, and how parameters were set in producing our figures, and can then modify the source to produce variations on our results. SparseLab has been developed, in part, because of exhortations by Jon Claerbout of Stanford that computational scientists should engage in "really reproducible" research. This document helps with installation and getting started, as well as describing the philosophy, limitations and rules of the road for this software.
Laser frequency offset locking scheme for high-field imaging of cold atoms
Creators: name: Puentes, Graciana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple and flexible frequency offset locking scheme developed for high-field imaging of ultra-cold atoms which relies on commercially available RF electronics only. The main new ingredient is the use of the sharp amplitude response of a home-made RF filter to provide an error signal for locking the lasers. We were able to offset lock two independent diode lasers within a capture range of 200 MHz, and with a tuning range of up to 1.4GHz. The beat-note residual fluctuations for offset locked lasers are below 2MHz for integration times of several hundreds of seconds.
description: 5 Pages, 7 Figures
title: Post-war Political Consequences (Portugal)
title: Post-war Political Consequences (Portugal)
Creators: name: Samara, Maria Alice
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Portugal
subject: Geschichte 1919-1926
subject: Portugal--History--1910-1974

description: This article will address the key political features in the post war years of the Portuguese First Republic (1919-1926). Although the strategy of participation in the First World War opened a significant political crisis that extended its consequences into the last years of the republican regime, in this period, alongside political questions inherit from the pre-war times, there were new agents in play and new political dynamics at work. This period brought different solutions and new approaches to economic, social, and cultural problems in the new world partly forged by war.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
SPIDER - VI. The Central Dark Matter Content of Luminous Early-Type Galaxies: Benchmark Correlations with Mass, Structural Parameters and Environment
Creators: name: Tortora, C.
name: La Barbera, F.
name: Napolitano, N. R.
name: de Carvalho, R. R.
name: Romanowsky, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the central dark-matter (DM) content of \sim 4,500 massive (M* \gsim 10^{10} Msun), low-redshift (z<0.1), early-type galaxies (ETGs), with high-quality ugrizYJHK photometry and optical spectroscopy from SDSS and UKIDSS. We estimate the "central" fraction of DM within the K-band effective radius, \Re, using spherically symmetric isotropic galaxy models. We discuss the role of systematics. The main results of the present work are the following: (1) DM fractions increase systematically with both structural parameters and mass proxies, as in previous studies, and decrease with central stellar density. 2) All correlations involving DM fractions are caused by two fundamental ones with galaxy effective radius and central velocity dispersion. These correlations are independent of each other, so that ETGs populate a central-DM plane (DMP), i.e. a correlation among fraction of total-to-stellar mass, effective radius, and velocity dispersion, whose scatter along the total-to-stellar mass axis amounts to \sim 0.15 dex. (3) In general, under the assumption of an isothermal or a constant M/L profile for the total mass distribution, a Chabrier IMF is favoured with respect to a bottom-heavier Salpeter IMF, as the latter produces negative (i.e. unphysical) DM fractions for more than 50% of the galaxies in our sample. For a Chabrier IMF, the DM estimates agree with \LambdaCDM toy-galaxy models based on contracted DM-halo density profiles. We also find agreement with predictions from hydrodynamical simulations. (4) The central DM content of ETGs does not depend significantly on the environment where galaxies reside, with group and field ETGs having similar DM trends. (Abridged)
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication on MNRAS, version including revisions after the referee's report and feedbacks from community
Additional file 2 of The association of sex-biased ATRX mutation in female gastric cancer patients with enhanced immunotherapy-related anticancer immunity
Creators: name: Ge, You
name: Wei, Feiran
name: Du, Guoping
name: Fei, Gaoqiang
name: Li, Wei
name: Li, Xiaoshan
name: Chu, Jinjin
name: Wei, Pingmin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. The differences of ATRX mutation frequency between female and male tumor patients
Policies for Scientific Integrity and Reproducibility: Data and Code Sharing
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Information science

description: Power point presentation on the “Reproducibility in Computational Science” by Victoria Stodden going over the definitions of reproducibility, implementations of the scientific method in different fields, how this applies to policy makers, journal editors, and agencies such as the NSF that award grants for projects. Also looks into copyright laws, the creative commons licensing laws, and the benefits of code sharing.
title: Staging War. Theatre 1914-1918
title: Staging War. Theatre 1914-1918
Creators: name: Krivanec, Eva
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Theater
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Theater

description: From 1914 to 1918, theatres in all major European cities staged plays – comedies, operettas, revues, classical and modern dramas, music hall shows or sensational plays – day after day. The lively theatrical culture of the metropolis remained largely active but was profoundly influenced by the war. The first months of hostilities brought about many quickly produced topical war plays which were intended to foster feelings of national unity and strength within the audience. Soon, escapist entertainment replaced the patriotic furor. Exotic settings, nostalgic afterglows, beautiful bodies, music and dance were the ingredients of most successful productions. In the later war years, formal innovation and pessimistic undertones increased. Still, theatre preserved its function as an apparently war-free refuge until the last days of fighting.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Broadband Internet Rollout in Rural Vietnam: From Policy to Everyday Use
Creators: name: Pham, Trang
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: broadband Internet, Vietnam, critical constructivism, capabilities approach, domestication model, technology intermediaries
subject: Education--Social Sciences
subject: Education--Technology

description: This thesis examines broadband infrastructure rollout and rural residents’ Internet adoption and use in Vietnam through an analysis of the country’s Internet policy documents from 1990 to 2020. It is based on semi-structured interviews with two policy-makers and a content developer from 2016 to 2020, and ethnographic interviews with 79 rural residents conducted between November 2016 and January 2017. The central objective of the thesis is to understand how Vietnamese rural residents use the technology to enlarge their informational and human capabilities. The study draws on three distinctive literatures: critical constructivism, the capabilities approach, and the domestication model. The key findings include a) rural residents hardly understand what broadband Internet is, and thus are unable to contribute their ideas to and monitor the deployment of subsidized broadband Internet networks in their villages; b) the top-down rollout approach that focuses on Internet infrastructure expansion and economic growth as part of the modernization and industrialization discourse does not automatically translate into rural residents’ increased capabilities to lead lives of their choice; and c) rural residents, despite being considered “laggards” in adopting the state-of-the-art technology and experiencing systemic discrimination due to their rural origins, take an active part in shaping the Internet via the initiation of use genres grounded in the social-biographical contexts. Among this thesis’s significant contributions are the demonstration of rural residents’ creativity in the process of Internet adoption; the examination of the relationship between broadband Internet access and the enhancement of human capabilities in this marginalized population; and the documentation of use genres emerging in the process of broadband appropriation and anchored in rural residents’ daily needs and aspirations. Finally, the thesis offers a set of recommendations to Vietnam’s Internet policy makers including: the integration of rural resident voices in Internet policy-making via technology intermediaries; the consideration of both the negative and positive changes that could result from the introduction of broadband Internet in rural areas from users’ perspectives; and the inclusion of rural residents in public deliberation and decision-making concerning the policies and strategies of broadband Internet rollout.
Jugendarbeit im Landkreis Leipzig am "Arsch"?
Creators: name: Burdukat, Tobias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Jugendarbeit
youth
youthwork
social work

description: Im Rahmen des Internationalen Tages der Sozialen Arbeit 2023 versuchte dieser Vortrag zu beleuchten welche Fragen Fachkräfte in der Praxis von Jugendarbeit im ländlichen Landkreis Leipzig stellen müssen um an ihrer Situation etwas verändern zu können. Es wurden die Zahlen der in der Jugendarbeit tätigen verglichen und dabei Differenzen zwischen den Zahlen der Statistik bei den Landes und Bundesämtern und bei den Zahlen mit denen der Landkreis arbeitet festgestellt. Der Vortrag stellt damit eine Art Auftakt für eine Debatte über Jugendarbeit im Landkreis Leipzig dar.
title: Women’s Mobilisation for War (Australia)
title: Women’s Mobilisation for War (Australia)
Creators: name: Frances, Rae
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Australien
subject: Frau
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Australia
subject: Women in war

description: Australian women, although 20,000 kilometres away from the major war zones, were nonetheless deeply affected by the First World War. They mobilised for war in a number of ways: as nurses, doctors and other volunteers in the battle zones; as workers, both paid and unpaid, on the home front; as protagonists in war-related political and industrial struggles and as agents of remembrance. Their contributions were an important part of Australia’s war effort. While in many ways the war reinforced existing gender stereotypes and roles, women’s experiences of wartime mobilisation had lasting effects on their participation in post-war organisations.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Scientific Practice Today and the Scientific Method: Responding to the Credibility Crisis
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Information science

description: Power point presentation on scientific practices today and the scientific method in terms of computational science. Stodden goes into policy in terms of the ever growing enterprise of computational science, the update of the scientific method, different methods for code sharing and licensing (such as creative commons), and the way an updated scientific method would have an influence on reproducibility.
title: Politics and Neutrality (Switzerland)
title: Politics and Neutrality (Switzerland)
Creators: name: Moos, Carlo
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Schweiz
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Neutralität
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Switzerland
subject: Neutrality

description: Neutrality is a fundamental problem in modern Swiss history and played a pivotal role in both world wars. During the Second World War the danger came from the outside, while during the First World War Switzerland was also threatened from within. From 1914 to 1918 a rift endangered Switzerland politically, as the western part of the country was concerned about the future of France, while the eastern part had strong ties to Germany. Several crises of neutrality made the situation during the war more difficult, amongst them an affair of two colonels from the General Staff and a peace mission by a federal councillor and a social-democrat member of parliament. The division within the country continued after the war, especially in relation to the creation of the League of Nations.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Mechanism and Timescales of Reversible p‐Doping of Methylammonium Lead Triiodide by Oxygen
Creators: name: Shin, Dongguen
name: Zu, Fengshuo
name: Cohen, Ayala V.
name: Yi, Yeonjin
name: Kronik, Leeor
name: Koch, Norbert
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: doping
subject: energy level alignment
subject: metal halide perovskites
subject: oxygen
subject: 660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik und verwandte Technologien

description: Understanding and controlling the energy level alignment at interfaces with metal halide perovskites (MHPs) is essential for realizing the full potential of these materials for use in optoelectronic devices. To date, however, the basic electronic properties of MHPs are still under debate. Particularly, reported Fermi level positions in the energy gap vary from indicating strong n- to strong p-type character for nominally identical materials, raising serious questions about intrinsic and extrinsic defects as dopants. ​In this work, photoemission experiments demonstrate that thin films of the prototypical methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) behave like an intrinsic semiconductor in the absence of oxygen. Oxygen is then shown to be able to reversibly diffuse into and out of the MAPbI3 bulk, requiring rather long saturation timescales of ≈1 h (in: ambient air) and over 10 h (out: ultrahigh vacuum), for few 100 nm thick films. Oxygen in the bulk leads to pronounced p-doping, positioning the Fermi level universally ≈0.55 eV above the valence band maximum. The key doping mechanism is suggested to be molecular oxygen substitution of iodine vacancies, supported by density functional theory calculations. This insight rationalizes previous and future electronic property studies of MHPs and calls for meticulous oxygen exposure protocols.
Technology and the Scientific Method: Tools and Policies for Addressing the Credibility Crisis in Computational Science
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Information science
Intellectual property

description: Power point presentation on “Technology and the Scientific Method” by Victoria Stodden going over the definitions of reproducibility, implementations of the scientific method in different fields, how this applies to policy makers, journal editors, and agencies such as the NSF that award grants for projects. She also explores the idea that computational science plays a major role in the scientific enterprise recently. She also goes into how one should share their computational data.
Blowing cold flows away: the impact of early AGN activity on the formation of a brightest cluster galaxy progenitor
Creators: name: Dubois, Yohan
name: Pichon, Christophe
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Silk, Joseph
name: Haehnelt, Martin
name: Kimm, Taysun
name: Slyz, Adrianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supermassive black holes (BH) are powerful sources of energy that are already in place at very early epochs of the Universe (by z=6). Using hydrodynamical simulations of the formation of a massive M_vir=5 10^11 M_sun halo by z=6 (the most massive progenitor of a cluster of M_vir=2 10^15 M_sun at z=0), we evaluate the impact of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) on galaxy mass content, BH self-regulation, and gas distribution inside this massive halo. We find that SN feedback has a marginal influence on the stellar structure, and no influence on the mass distribution on large scales. In contrast, AGN feedback alone is able to significantly alter the stellar-bulge mass content by quenching star formation when the BH is self-regulating, and by depleting the cold gas reservoir in the centre of the galaxy. The growth of the BH proceeds first by a rapid Eddington-limited period fed by direct cold filamentary infall. When the energy delivered by the AGN is sufficiently large to unbind the cold gas of the bulge, the accretion of gas onto the BH is maintained both by smooth gas inflow and clump migration through the galactic disc triggered by merger-induced torques. The feedback from the AGN has also a severe consequence on the baryon mass content within the halo, producing large-scale hot superwinds, able to blow away some of the cold filamentary material from the centre and reduce the baryon fraction by more than 30 per cent within the halo's virial radius. Thus in the very young universe, AGN feedback is likely to be a key process, shaping the properties of the most massive galaxies.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, MNRAS accepted
Developing an Ontology for Qualitative Coding Schemas − QualiCO
Creators: name: Hocker, Julian
name: Schindler, Christoph
name: Rittberger, Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Science
Qualitative Research
Ontology Engineering

description: This presentation describes the study "Developing an Ontology for Qualitative Coding Schemas − QualiCO". It was held at ECER 2021.
title: Ottoman Empire/Middle East
title: Ottoman Empire/Middle East
Creators: name: Yanıkdağ, Yücel
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Osmanisches Reich
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Turkey--History--Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918

description: During the Great War, the Ottoman Empire fought on several major and minor fronts, both in the Middle East and in the Balkans. Although initially seen as a military liability by its allies and a weak enemy by its foes, Ottoman armies delivered some heavy blows to the Entente powers, mainly the British. Yet, by 1918, the military was battered beyond recognition. Ottoman civilians did not fare any better: they suffered and died by the millions due to war, deportation, massacre, disease, and famine.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War