cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deep composition of tensor-trains using squared inverse Rosenblatt transports
Creators: name: Cui, Tiangang
name: Dolgov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Characterising intractable high-dimensional random variables is one of the fundamental challenges in stochastic computation. The recent surge of transport maps offers a mathematical foundation and new insights for tackling this challenge by coupling intractable random variables with tractable reference random variables. This paper generalises the functional tensor-train approximation of the inverse Rosenblatt transport recently developed by Dolgov et al. (Stat Comput 30:603--625, 2020) to a wide class of high-dimensional non-negative functions, such as unnormalised probability density functions. First, we extend the inverse Rosenblatt transform to enable the transport to general reference measures other than the uniform measure. We develop an efficient procedure to compute this transport from a squared tensor-train decomposition which preserves the monotonicity. More crucially, we integrate the proposed order-preserving functional tensor-train transport into a nested variable transformation framework inspired by the layered structure of deep neural networks. The resulting deep inverse Rosenblatt transport significantly expands the capability of tensor approximations and transport maps to random variables with complicated nonlinear interactions and concentrated density functions. We demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach on a range of applications in statistical learning and uncertainty quantification, including parameter estimation for dynamical systems and inverse problems constrained by partial differential equations.
description: Found Comput Math (2021)
Assessing community values for reducing agricultural emissions to improve water quality and protect coral health in the Great Barrier Reef
Creators: name: Rolfe, John
name: Windle, Jill
name: Rolfe, John
name: Windle, Jill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Choice modelling experiment
subject: attribute definition
subject: input output definition

description: Key policy issues relating to protection of the Great Barrier Reef from pollutants generated by agriculture are to identify when measures to improve water quality generate benefits to society that outweigh the costs of reducing pollutants. The research reported in this paper makes a key contribution in several key ways. First, it uses the improved science understanding about the links between management changes and reef health to bring together the analysis of costs and benefits of marginal changes, helping to demonstrate the appropriate way of addressing policy questions relating to reef protection. Second, it uses the scientific relationships to frame a choice experiment to value the benefits of improved reef health, and links improvements explicitly to changes in ‘water quality units’. Third, the research demonstrates how protection values are consistent across a broader population, with some limited evidence of distance effects. Fourth, the information on marginal costs and benefits that are reported provide policy makers with key information to help improve management decisions. The results indicate that while there is potential for water quality improvements to generate net benefits, high cost water quality improvements are generally uneconomic. One implication for policy makers is that cost thresholds for key pollutants should be set to avoid more expensive water quality proposals being selected.
OCoR: An Overlapping-Aware Code Retriever
Creators: name: Zhu, Qihao
name: Sun, Zeyu
name: Liang, Xiran
name: Xiong, Yingfei
name: Zhang, Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Code retrieval helps developers reuse the code snippet in the open-source projects. Given a natural language description, code retrieval aims to search for the most relevant code among a set of code. Existing state-of-the-art approaches apply neural networks to code retrieval. However, these approaches still fail to capture an important feature: overlaps. The overlaps between different names used by different people indicate that two different names may be potentially related (e.g., "message" and "msg"), and the overlaps between identifiers in code and words in natural language descriptions indicate that the code snippet and the description may potentially be related. To address these problems, we propose a novel neural architecture named OCoR, where we introduce two specifically-designed components to capture overlaps: the first embeds identifiers by character to capture the overlaps between identifiers, and the second introduces a novel overlap matrix to represent the degrees of overlaps between each natural language word and each identifier. The evaluation was conducted on two established datasets. The experimental results show that OCoR significantly outperforms the existing state-of-the-art approaches and achieves 13.1% to 22.3% improvements. Moreover, we also conducted several in-depth experiments to help understand the performance of different components in OCoR.
“Making data matter with Mike Daniels” [edited interview transcript—blog post]. In Virapongse, A. (ed.), Making Data Matter (blog series).
Creators: name: Daniels, Mike
Publisher: name: ESIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 49999 Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: ESIP is 20 years old! To celebrate, we interviewed ESIP community members on their perspectives on the progress of making Earth science data matter from over the last 20+ years. This is one in a series of interviews released over 2019. Original blog post: https://www.esipfed.org/esip-interviews/making-data-matter-with-mike-daniels
Integrated geophysical and sedimentological datasets for assessment of offshore borrow areas: The CHIMERA project (Western Portuguese Coast)
Creators: name: Mil-Homens, Mário
name: Brito, Pedro
name: Vitor Magalhães
name: Rosa, Marcos
name: Neres, Marta
name: Silva, Marta
name: Salgueiro, Emília
name: Drago, Teresa
name: Rodrigues, Ana Isabel
name: Guerra, Miriam Tuaty
name: Gaudêncio, Maria José
name: Almeida, Eveline
name: Silva, Mariana
name: Freitas, Mafalda
name: Pinto, Celso Aleixo
name: Terrinha, Pedro
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Table S1—Surface samples of FF borrow area: Concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Hg (mg kg-1) and PCBs, PAHs e HCB (ng g-1). Classification according to the Portuguese legislation (Ordinance 1450/2007).
FARMER-TRADER RELATIONSHIPS IN THE INDONESIAN CHILLI MARKETS: THE ROLE OF RELATIONSHIP QUALITY IN MODERN AND TRADITIONAL SUPPLY CHAINS
Creators: name: Sahara
name: Gyau, Amos
name: Stringer, Randy
name: Umberger, Wendy J.
name: Sahara
name: Gyau, Amos
name: Stringer, Randy
name: Umberger, Wendy J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: farmer-trader relationships
subject: relationship quality
subject: cluster analysis

description: A decade of strong economic growth, rapid urbanization and liberalization of foreign direct investment (FDI) are transforming Indonesia’s food retail sector. Modern retail markets are reorganizing how food chains operate: requiring product homogeneity, grading, sorting, packaging, and supply consistency. Current literature suggests that improving relationship quality among food chain actors enhances efficiency. In Indonesia, chillies are a priority crop commonly produced by small holders and like many other cash crops several farmer-trader issues emerging in chilli supply chains. This paper attempts to segment chilli farmers according to their perception of the relationship quality with their buyers. Data was collected through a survey of 602 chilli farmers selling to the traditional market channel or supermarket channel in West Java, Indonesia. The segments/clusters are developed based on the perceptions of chilli farmers to three variables in relationship quality: trust, satisfaction and commitment. Price satisfaction and socioeconomic attributes are analyzed to provide further insights. Four distinct clusters are identified. The largest cluster (45% of respondents) considers they have a high level of relationship quality with their buyers/traders.
Universal properties of conformal quantum many-body systems
Creators: name: Meljanac, S.
name: Samsarov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Universal properties of many-body systems in conformal quantum mechanics in arbitrary dimensions are presented. Specially, a general structure of discrete energy spectra and eigenstates is found. Finally, a simple construction of a universal time operator conjugated to a conformal Hermitian or a $ PT-$ invariant Hamiltonian is proposed.
description: 9 pages, no figures, LaTex, the formula (23) is changed into the correct form without affecting the final result
Long-term behaviour in a parabolic-elliptic chemotaxis-consumption model
Creators: name: Fuest, Mario
name: Lankeit, Johannes
name: Mizukami, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40, 35A01, 35K20, 92C17, 35Q92

description: Global existence and boundedness of classical solutions of the chemotaxis--consumption system \begin{align*} n_t &= Δn - \nabla \cdot (n \nabla c), \\ 0 &= Δc - nc, \end{align*} under no-flux boundary conditions for $n$ and Robin-type boundary conditions \[ \partial_ν c = (γ-c) g \] for $c$ (with $γ>0$ and $C^{1+β}(\partialΩ) \ni g > 0$ for some $β\in(0,1)$) are established in bounded domains $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^{N}$, $N\ge 1$. Under a smallness condition on $γ$, moreover, we show convergence to the stationary solution.
Self-consistent bounces in two dimensions
Creators: name: Baacke, Jurgen
name: Kevlishvili, Nina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute bounce solutions describing false vacuum decay in a Phi**4 model in two dimensions in the Hartree approximation, thus going beyond the usual one-loop corrections to the decay rate. We use zero energy mode functions of the fluctuation operator for the numerical computation of the functional determinant and the Green's function. We thus avoid the necessity of discretizing the spectrum, as it is necessary when one uses numerical techniques based on eigenfunctions. Regularization is performed in analogy of standard perturbation theory; the renormalization of the Hartree approximation is based on the two-particle point-irreducible (2PPI) scheme. The iteration towards the self-consistent solution is found to converge for some range of the parameters. Within this range we find the corrections to the leading one-loop approximation to be relatively small, not exceeding one order of magnitude in the total transition rate.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
Explicit Fresnel formulae for the absorbing double-negative metamaterials
Creators: name: Tralle, Igor
name: Chotorlishvili, Levan
name: Ziȩba, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We inspect the optical properties of dissipative double-negative metamaterials (DNMM) and find explicit expression for the total reflection angle and the correct Fresnel formulae describing the reflection and refraction for the DNMM at the oblique incident of the electromagnetic wave on the interface for \textit{TE} as well as \textit{TM} electromagnetic wave polarization. The reflectivity and transmissivity of DNMM film embedded in a positive refraction index (PIM) surrounding are presented and discussed.
Coping with Climatic Variability by Rain-fed Farmers in Dry Zone, Sri Lanka: Towards Understanding Adaptation to Climate Change
Creators: name: Senaratne, Athula
name: Scarborough, Helen
name: Senaratne, Athula
name: Scarborough, Helen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Adaptation
subject: Climatic variability
subject: Village tanks
subject: Climate change
subject: Rain-fed farmer

description: Climate change introduces numerous uncertainties over the livelihoods of farming communities that depend heavily on weather and climate. Rain-fed farmers in developing countries are among the most vulnerable communities. However, climate risks are not new to farmers. Coping with ‘natural variability’ of climate has been a constant challenge faced by farmers even though broad sweeping change in climate due to anthropogenic causes is a relatively new prospect. Some argue ‘climate change’ could be significantly different from ‘climatic variability’ known to and experienced by farmers. In spite of this it is widely accepted that understanding farmers’ behavior towards adapting to climatic variability could generate useful insights in facing the risk of climate change. In Sri Lanka, the village tank farming community in the dry zone is one of the most vulnerable communities thereby deserving the priority attention of policy makers. This study is based on information gathered in Anuradhapura district of Sri Lanka. It depends mainly on information from secondary sources supplemented by qualitative primary information. Analysis was guided by recently introduced behavioral economics concepts of decisions based on experience. Accordingly adaptation is viewed as a response to the climate perceptions of farmers' aided by judgments based on heuristics. Farmers' adaptation decisions can be explained on the basis of their perception of climate variability with two major components. Firstly, farmers perceive climatic variability as an average annual pattern with variable probabilities of seasonal distribution of precipitation. Farmers base their long-term adaptation responses on this perceived average pattern and many of the choices made by them in the existing farming system and resource management practices can be explained accordingly. The average pattern of variability is largely a shared perception and therefore enables the option of joint adaptation. The land allocation practice popularly known as ‘Bethma’ provides a fine example for this. Secondly, farmers also perceive feasibility of random shocks with variable probabilities across the average pattern. This gives rise to short-term responses in the farming system activities. Such responses seem to be more individually oriented and reflect the variations in individual perceptions of climate risks.
The technological assault on anonymity
Creators: name: Lockton, Vance Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Anonymity, the state of being nameless, is a very divisive issue. On the one hand, criminals frequently attempt to hide their identities during the commission of crimes; because this is the use that is best understood, many people view this state as a negative status which needs to be eliminated. Others though, including many lawmakers and psychologists, have recognized that anonymity is a necessary feature of both a democratic society and of general mental well-being. However, regardless of one's opinion of this state, it must be admitted that technological advances are threatening to eliminate one's ability to be anonymous. As closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras are installed by the thousand, radio frequency identification (RFID) tags are added to both ID cards and merchandise, and virtually all commercial transactions are recorded, very detailed pictures of people's lives are being created, and they may find fewer and fewer locations in which they are not identified. Even in the online world, where identity exploration and free access to knowledge abound, governments are applying pressures on service providers to allow constant access to users' true identities. This thesis will examine these technological threats to anonymity, as well as providing a detailed explanation of the reasons that anonymous action is a vital resource to the public. It will then conclude by surveying and critiquing the various means which have been suggested for the protection of this resource, and provide an explanation as to why legislation and education will provide the only ones which are truly effective.
An XMM-Newton view of M101 - II. Global X-ray source properties
Creators: name: Jenkins, L. P.
name: Roberts, T. P.
name: Warwick, R. S.
name: Kilgard, R. E.
name: Ward, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the global X-ray properties of the point source population in the grand-design spiral galaxy M101, as seen with XMM-Newton. 108 X-ray sources are detected within the D25 ellipse of M101, of which ~24 are estimated to be background sources. Multiwavelength cross-correlations show that 20 sources are coincident with HII regions and/or supernova remnants (SNRs), 7 have identified/candidate background galaxy counterparts, 6 are coincident with foreground stars and one has a radio counterpart. We apply an X-ray colour classification scheme to split the source population into different types. Approximately 60 per cent of the population can be classified as X-ray binaries (XRBs), although there is source contamination from background AGN in this category as they have similar spectral shapes in the X-ray regime. Fifteen sources have X-ray colours consistent with supernova remnants (SNRs), three of which correlate with known SNR/HII radio sources. We also detect 14 candidate supersoft sources, with significant detections in the softest X-ray band (0.3-1 keV) only. Sixteen sources display short-term variability during the XMM-Newton observation, twelve of which fall into the XRB category, giving additional evidence of their accreting nature. Using archival Chandra & ROSAT HRI data, we find that ~40 per cent of the XMM sources show long-term variability over a baseline of up to ~10 years, and eight sources display potential transient behaviour between observations. Sources with significant flux variations between the XMM and Chandra observations show a mixture of softening and hardening with increasing luminosity. The spectral and timing properties of the sources coincident with M101 confirm that its X-ray source population is dominated by accreting XRBs (abridged).
description: 18 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The complexities in environmental decision-making for the Murray-Darling Basin
Creators: name: Schrobback, Peggy
name: Mallawaarachchi, Thilak
name: Quiggin, John C.
name: Schrobback, Peggy
name: Mallawaarachchi, Thilak
name: Quiggin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Environmental decision-making
subject: uncertainty
subject: risk
subject: trade-off
subject: collective choices
subject: resilience
subject: Murray-Darling Basin

description: People are part of a complex natural system and have the ability to actively interfere with their environment. Collective decisions made by governments represent social rules that limit the extent of people's interference with the environment that support them. Environmental decisions made by governments usually carry an ethical bias and are limited by the perception of the risks and uncertainties that may affect society's well-being in the medium to long run. The recently published Guide to the proposed Basin Plan represents a draft for a legislative instrument that aims to reclaim some of the water back onto the environment to safeguard declining natural ecosystems in the Murray-Darling Basin. By limiting diversions into agricultural uses, irrigators in particular are encouraged to adapt water use to produce more with less; it may also affect some ecosystems that have become part of the modified landscape in the Basin. While humans may discriminate between endemic and modified components of the landscape, the rest of the biome is already adapting, with varying levels of success, to what they experience in their own setting. The policymakers' task is compounded as the changes in the social systems may be enforced through other institutional adjustments brought about by climate change, globalisation and as a response to the GFC. It seems plausible that uncertainty will rule the day and adaptation to allow efficient decision-making under information asymmetry may provide opportunities to compete better. This study assesses the complexities in collective decision-making for improving the environmental assets in the Basin and what could help minimise the impacts on the agricultural systems and improve the resilience of rural communities in the long run.
High pressure effects on the intermetallic superconductor Ti$_{0.85}$Pd$_{0.15}$
Creators: name: Reyes-Damián, C.
name: Morales, F.
name: Martínez-Piñeiro, Esmeralda
name: Escudero, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work reports superconductivity studies in the intermetallic Ti$_{0.85}$Pd$_{0.15}$ performed in normal conditions and under hydrostatic pressure. The crystal structure of the compound has a body centered cubic at room temperature and atmospheric pressure as unstable $β$-Ti phase. X-Ray diffraction pattern shows space group $Im\bar{3}m$ with parameter $a=3.2226(4)$ Åand density around 5.6242 g/cm$^{3}$. The superconducting transition temperature, T$_{C}=3.7$ K was determined from resistance, magnetization, and specific heat measurements. The two critical magnetic fields, the coherence length, Ginzburg-Landau parameter, London penetration depth, the superconducting energy gap, the Debye temperature, the electron-phonon coupling constant and density of states at the Fermi level were calculated. These parameters were obtained at ambient pressure. Under hydrostatic pressure, the magnetic susceptibility measurements show a small increment on T$_{C}$, the maximum T$_{C}=3.83$ K was obtained at the maximum applied pressure of 1.03 GPa. The slope calculated for T$_{C}$ as a linear function of pressure was about 0.14 K/GPa, possibly associated with an increase in the electronic density of states.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Economic and Marketing Efficiency Among Corn Ethanol Plants
Creators: name: Sesmero, Juan P.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
name: Fulginiti, Lilyan E.
name: Sesmero, Juan P.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
name: Fulginiti, Lilyan E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: corn ethanol
subject: data envelopment analysis
subject: economic efficiency decomposition
subject: marketing efficiency
subject: mergers

description: We extend data envelopment analysis (DEA) to decompose the economic efficiency of a sample of ethanol plants into internal (technical and allocative) and boundary (marketing) sources. This decomposition allows us to evaluate the channels through which different plant characteristics affect plant performance. Results show that plants are very efficient from a technical point of view. Plants with higher production volumes seem to perform better not because of economies of scale but because they can secure more favorable prices (higher marketing efficiency) and execute production plans accordingly (higher allocative efficiency). This may rationalize the increase in the size of the average plant observed in the industry in recent years despite evidence of close to constant returns to scale. This suggests that plants may have incentives to horizontally integrate. Our results do not seem to point towards the existence of strong incentives to vertically integrate. Plants seem to have achieved significant improvements in performance through experience and learning-by-doing. Plants that are privately owned do not seem to perform better that those owned by farmers’ cooperatives.
Energetics of a simple microscopic heat engine
Creators: name: Asfaw, Mesfin
name: Bekele, Mulugeta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model a microscopic heat engine as a particle hopping on a one-dimensional lattice in a periodic sawtooth potential, with or without load, assisted by the thermal kicks it gets from alternately placed hot and cold thermal baths. We find analytic expressions for current and rate of heat flow when the engine operates at steady state. Three regions are identified where the model acts either as a heat engine or as a refrigerator or as neither of the two. At quasistatic limit both efficiency of the engine and coefficient of performance of the refrigerator go to that for Carnot engine and Carnot refrigerator, respectively. We investigate efficiency of the engine at two operating conditions (at maximum power and at optimum value with respect to energy and time) and compare them with those of the endoreversible and Carnot engines.
description: 6 pages and 8 figures
Unitary matrix integral for QCD with real quarks and the GOE-GUE crossover
Creators: name: Kanazawa, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unitary matrix integral that appears in the low-energy limit of QCD-like theories with quarks in real representations of the gauge group at finite chemical potential is analytically evaluated and expressed as a pfaffian. Its application to the GOE-GUE crossover in random matrix theory is discussed. An analogous unitary integral for QCD-like theories with quarks in pseudoreal representations of the gauge group is also evaluated.
description: 6 pages. v2: section 5 added. The proof of eq.(49) has been published in Phys.Lett.B 819 (2021) 136416 at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136416
Effect of a Carbon Price on Farm Profitability on Rainfed Dairy Farms in South West Victoria: A First-Look
Creators: name: Ozkan, Seyda
name: Farquharson, Robert J.
name: Hill, Julian
name: Malcolm, Bill
name: Ozkan, Seyda
name: Farquharson, Robert J.
name: Hill, Julian
name: Malcolm, Bill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: dairy cow
subject: pasture-based feeding system
subject: carbon cost
subject: operating profit

description: In this study, the possible impacts of different prices of carbon on farm profitability in two dairy farm businesses with different feeding systems operated over five years were analysed. The feeding systems were a ryegrass pasture-based system (RM) and a complementary forage-based system (CF). Data were obtained from a five year farmlet trial which was applied to a scaled up representative farm model. As a first look, a carbon charge was imposed on the systems as they currently operate to gauge the order of magnitude of a carbon charge on dairy systems if they were to continue to operate essentially the same system following the impost of a cost of carbon. The main finding of this study was that overall net present value (NPV) of five years of annual operating profit for each system, at five per cent discount rate, decreased when a price on carbon, as a direct cost, was included. Compared with the status quo situation where there was no effect of a price on carbon on farm operating profit, a price of $15/t CO2-eq on carbon reduced the net present value of five years of operating profit by about 6 per cent for the RM farm system and 5 per cent for the CF farm system (equivalent to $70 000/farm and $66 000/farm). A carbon price of $25/t CO2-eq reduced the overall net present value by about 10 per cent and 9 per cent in the RM and the CF systems respectively (equivalent to $114 000/farm and $110 000/farm).
Indirect $\mathcal{CP}$ probes of the Higgs-top-quark interaction: current LHC constraints and future opportunities
Creators: name: Bahl, Henning
name: Bechtle, Philip
name: Heinemeyer, Sven
name: Katzy, Judith
name: Klingl, Tobias
name: Peters, Krisztian
name: Saimpert, Matthias
name: Stefaniak, Tim
name: Weiglein, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $\mathcal{CP}$ structure of the Higgs boson in its coupling to the particles of the Standard Model is amongst the most important Higgs boson properties which have not yet been constrained with high precision. In this study, all relevant inclusive and differential Higgs boson measurements from the ATLAS and CMS experiments are used to constrain the $\mathcal{CP}$-nature of the top-Yukawa interaction. The model dependence of the constraints is studied by successively allowing for new physics contributions to the couplings of the Higgs boson to massive vector bosons, to photons, and to gluons. In the most general case, we find that the current data still permits a significant $\mathcal{CP}$-odd component in the top-Yukawa coupling. Furthermore, we explore the prospects to further constrain the $\mathcal{CP}$ properties of this coupling with future LHC data by determining $tH$ production rates independently from possible accompanying variations of the $t\bar t H$ rate. This is achieved via a careful selection of discriminating observables. At the HL-LHC, we find that evidence for $tH$ production at the Standard Model rate can be achieved in the Higgs to diphoton decay channel alone.
description: 55 pages, 21 figures, 6 tables; v5: fixed typo in Table 4
Theory of charge sensing in quantum-dot structures
Creators: name: Berkovits, Richard
name: von Oppen, Felix
name: Gefen, Yuval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge sensing in quantum-dot structures is studied by an exactly solvable reduced model and numerical density-matrix renormalization group methods. Charge sensing is characterized by the repeated cycling of the occupation of current-carrying states due to the capacitive coupling to trap states which are weakly coupled to the leads. In agreement with recent experiments, it results in a variety of characteristic behaviors ranging from asymmetric Coulomb-blockade peaks to sawtooth- and dome-like structures. Temperature introduces distinct asymmetric smearing of these features and correlations in the conductance provide a fingerprint of charge-sensing behavior.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Productivity and farm size in Australian agriculture: reinvestigating the returns to scale
Creators: name: Sheng, Yu
name: Zhao, Shiji
name: Nossal, Katarina
name: Sheng, Yu
name: Zhao, Shiji
name: Nossal, Katarina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: returns to scale
subject: returns to size
subject: production function
subject: technology progress
subject: structural adjustment
subject: Australian agriculture

description: Higher productivity among large farms is often assumed to be a result of increasing returns to scale. However, using farm-level data for the Australian broadacre industry, it was found that constant or mildly decreasing returns to scale is more typical. On examining the monotonic change in marginal input returns as farm operating size increases, it was found that large farms achieve higher productivity through changes in production technology rather than through changes in scale. The results highlight the disparity between ‘returns to scale’ and ‘returns to size’ in Australian agriculture. They also suggest that improving productivity in smaller farms would depend more on their ability to access advanced technologies than their ability to simply expand. The implications for ongoing structural adjustment in Australian agriculture are discussed.
Abundance trends in kinematical groups of the Milky Way's disk
Creators: name: Soubiran, C.
name: Girard, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have compiled a large catalogue of metallicities and abundance ratios from the literature in order to investigate abundance trends of several alpha and iron peak elements in the thin disk and the thick disk of the Galaxy. The catalogue includes 743 stars with abundances of Fe, O, Mg, Ca, Ti, Si, Na, Ni and Al in the metallicity range -1.30 < [Fe/H] < +0.50. We have checked that systematic differences between abundances measured in the different studies were lower than random errors before combining them. Accurate distances and proper motions from Hipparcos, and radial velocities from several sources have been retreived for 639 stars and their velocities (U,V,W) and galactic orbits have been computed. Ages of 322 stars have been estimated with the Bayesian method of isochrone fitting developped by Pont & Eyer (2004). Two samples kinematically representative of the thin and thick disks have been selected, taking into account the Hercules stream which is intermediate in kinematics, but with a probable dynamical origin. [Abridged...]
description: 13 pages, accepted in A&A, Catalogue of data available at http://www.obs.u-bordeaux1.fr/m2a/soubiran/abundance-kinematics.html
Reinforcement Learning Approach to Vibration Compensation for Dynamic Feed Drive Systems
Creators: name: Gulde, Ralf
name: Tuscher, Marc
name: Csiszar, Akos
name: Riedel, Oliver
name: Verl, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vibration compensation is important for many domains. For the machine tool industry it translates to higher machining precision and longer component lifetime. Current methods for vibration damping have their shortcomings (e.g. need for accurate dynamic models). In this paper we present a reinforcement learning based approach to vibration compensation applied to a machine tool axis. The work describes the problem formulation, the solution, the implementation and experiments using industrial machine tool hardware and control system.
Measurements of transverse energy distributions in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}= 200$ GeV
Creators: name: STAR Collaboration
name: Adams, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transverse energy ($E_T$) distributions have been measured for Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}= 200$ GeV by the STAR collaboration at RHIC. $E_T$ is constructed from its hadronic and electromagnetic components, which have been measured separately. $E_T$ production for the most central collisions is well described by several theoretical models whose common feature is large energy density achieved early in the fireball evolution. The magnitude and centrality dependence of $E_T$ per charged particle agrees well with measurements at lower collision energy, indicating that the growth in $E_T$ for larger collision energy results from the growth in particle production. The electromagnetic fraction of the total $E_T$ is consistent with a final state dominated by mesons and independent of centrality.
Public investment in R&D and extension and productivity in Australian broadacre agriculture
Creators: name: Sheng, Yu
name: Gray, Emily M.
name: Mullen, John D.
name: Sheng, Yu
name: Gray, Emily M.
name: Mullen, John D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: R&D
subject: total factor productivity
subject: agriculture

description: This paper uses time-series data to examine the relationship between public research and development (R&D) and extension investment and productivity growth in Australian broadacre agriculture. The results show that public R&D investment has significantly promoted productivity growth in Australia’s broadacre sector over the past five decades (1953 to 2007). Moreover, the relative contributions of domestic and foreign R&D have been roughly equal, accounting for an estimated 0.6 per cent and 0.63 per cent of annual total factor productivity (TFP) growth in the broadacre sector, respectively. The elasticity of TFP to knowledge stocks of research (both domestic and foreign) and extension were estimated to be around 0.20–0.24 and 0.07–0.15, respectively. The ranges reflect the alternative distributions of benefits flowing from knowledge stocks that were assumed in the analysis. The elasticities translated into internal rates of return (IRRs) of around 15.4–38.2 per cent and 32.6–57.1 per cent a year for research and extension, respectively. While such rates are less than the average IRR of around 100 per cent reported in the international literature, they are consistent with previous estimates for Australian agriculture in the order of 15–40 per cent.
Supplementary file 1 from Ant cuticular hydrocarbons are heritable and associated with variation in colony productivity
Creators: name: Walsh, Justin
name: Pontieri, Luigi
name: D'Ettorre, Patrizia
name: Linksvayer, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: R markdown pdf file containing the R scripts used for the statistical analyses, as well as step-by-step description and in-depth explanation of each line code. The file includes also model diagnostic scripts.
Thick atomic layers of maximum density as bulk terminations of quasicrystals
Creators: name: Papadopolos, Zorka
name: Kasner, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The clean surfaces of quasicrystals, orthogonal to the directions of the main symmetry axes, have a terrace-like appearance. We extend the Bravais' rule for crystals to quasicrystals, allowing that instead of a single atomic plane a layer of atomic planes may form a bulk termination.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
A block preconditioning cost analysis for solving saddle-point linear systems
Creators: name: MacKinnon-Cormier, Sarah Claire
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We investigate the cost of preconditioning when solving large sparse saddlepoint linear systems with Krylov subspace methods. To use the block structure of the original matrix, we apply one of two block preconditioners. Algebraic eigenvalue analysis is given for a particular case of the preconditioners. We also give eigenvalue bounds for the preconditioned matrix when the preconditioner is block diagonal and positive definite. We treat linear solves involving the preconditioner as a subproblem which we solve iteratively. In order to minimize cost, we implement a fixed inner tolerance and a varying inner tolerance based on bounds developed by Simoncini and Szyld (2003) and van den Eshof, Sleijpen, and van Gijzen (2000). Numerical experiments compare the cost of preconditioning for various iterative solvers and block preconditioners. We also experiment with different tolerances for the iterative solution of linear solves involving the preconditioner.
The RASS-SDSS Galaxy Cluster Survey. III. Scaling relations of galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Popesso, P.
name: Biviano, A.
name: Bhoeringer, H.
name: Romaniello, M.
name: Voges, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the RASS-SDSS galaxy cluster sample to compare the quality of optical and X-ray luminosities as predictors of other cluster properties such as their masses, temperatures, and velocity dispersions. We use the SDSS spectroscopic data to estimate the velocity dispersions and the virial masses of a subsample of 69 clusters within r_{500} and r_{200}. The ASCA temperature of the intra-cluster medium, T_X, is retrieved from the literature for a subsample of 49 clusters. For this subsample we estimate the cluster masses also by using the mass-temperature relation. We show that the optical luminosity, L_{op}, correlates with the cluster mass much better than the X-ray luminosity, L_X. L_{op} can be used to estimate the cluster mass with an accuracy of 40% while L_X can predict the mass only with a 55% accuracy. We show that correcting $L_X$ for the effect of a cool core at the center of a cluster, lowers the scatter of the $L_X-M$ relation only by 3%. We find that the scatter observed in the L_{op}-L_X relation is determined by the scatter of the L_X-M relation. The mass-to-light ratio in the SDSS i band clearly increases with the cluster mass with a slope 0.2\pm0.08. The optical and X-ray luminosities correlate in excellent way with both T_X and σ_V with an orthogonal scatter of 20% in both relations. Moreover, L_{op} and L_X can predict with the same accuracy both variables. We conclude that the cluster optical luminosity is a key cluster parameter since it can give important information about fundamental cluster properties such as the mass, the velocity dispersion, and the temperature of the intra-cluster medium.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication by A&A
Innovativeness and Innovation: Implications for the Renewable Materials Supply Chain
Creators: name: Detre, Joshua D.
name: Johnson, Aaron J.
name: Gray, Allan W.
name: Detre, Joshua D.
name: Johnson, Aaron J.
name: Gray, Allan W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Financial Economics
subject: innovativeness
subject: innovation
subject: supply chain management
subject: triple bottom line
subject: corporate social responsibility

description: This paper leverages the current literature on innovativeness to provide a framework that summarizes the characteristics of firms that exhibit a culture of innovativeness. This framework can assist firms entering the renewable raw materials market in identifying gaps in their internal capacity for innovation as well as the necessary characteristics of supply chain partners that will match their own innovativeness—a necessary albeit insufficient requisite for success in the development of renewable raw materials supply chains.
description: www.ifama.org
All Supplementary Figures from Ant cuticular hydrocarbons are heritable and associated with variation in colony productivity
Creators: name: Walsh, Justin
name: Pontieri, Luigi
name: D'Ettorre, Patrizia
name: Linksvayer, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: All Supplementary Figures (1 through 11) in order
The area rule for circulation in three-dimensional turbulence
Creators: name: Iyer, Kartik P.
name: Bharadwaj, Sachin S.
name: Sreenivasan, Katepalli R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important idea underlying a plausible dynamical theory of circulation in three-dimensional turbulence is the so-called Area Rule, according to which the probability density function (PDF) of the circulation around closed loops depends only on the minimal area of the loop, not its shape. We assess the robustness of the Area Rule, for both planar and non-planar loops, using high-resolution data from Direct Numerical Simulations. For planar loops, the circulation moments for rectangular shapes match those for the square with only small differences, these differences being larger when the aspect ratio is further from unity, and when the moment-order increases. The differences do not exceed about $5\%$ for any condition examined here. The aspect-ratio dependence observed for the second-order moment are indistinguishable from results for the Gaussian Random Field (GRF) with the same two-point correlation function (for which the results are order-independent by construction). When normalized by the SD of the PDF, the aspect ratio dependence is even smaller $(< 2\%)$ but does not vanish unlike for the GRF. We obtain circulation statistics around minimal area loops in three dimensions and compare them to those of a planar loop circumscribing equivalent areas, and we find that circulation statistics match in the two cases only when normalized by an internal variable such as the SD. This work highlights the hitherto unknown connection between minimal surfaces and turbulence.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Supply Chains for Emerging Renewable Polymers: Analysis of Interactive Sectors and Complementary Assets
Creators: name: Sporleder, Thomas L.
name: Goldsmith, Peter D.
name: Cordier, Jean
name: Godin, Philippe
name: Sporleder, Thomas L.
name: Goldsmith, Peter D.
name: Cordier, Jean
name: Godin, Philippe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Production Economics
subject: supply chains
subject: renewables
subject: economics of biobased industrial markets
subject: complementary assets

description: Revitalized interest in biobased or renewable ingredients in manufacturing has emerged in recent years due to rising real petroleum prices, concerns regarding environmental impacts of crude oil, and national security issues related to petroleum resources. This research analyzes the complexities of renewable supply chains. In particular, polymers manufactured from renewable feedstocks will augment various industrial markets, such as plant material used as a renewable ingredient in paint manufacture, partially substituting for crude oil derivative ingredients. The analysis defines polymer industrial supply chains and estimates the market opportunity for renewable polymers. A section of the analysis is devoted to complementary assets as a new product development bridge to supply chain issues.
description: www.ifama.org