Mr.
Creators: name: Yatindra Chaturvedi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: green computing
environmental hazzard

description: Abstract If we think computers are non-polluting and consume very little energy, in fact the use of computer plays a big role in environment pollution. It is estimated that out of $250 billion per year spent on powering computers worldwide only about 15% of that power is spent computing, the rest is wasted idling (i.e. consumed by computers which are not in use but still turned ON). That consumed energy is the main reason of CO2 emission, thus, energy saved on computer hardware and computing will equate tonnes of carbon emissions saved per year. Green computing benefits the environment. Reduced energy usage from green techniques translates into lower carbon dioxide emissions, stemming from a reduction in the fossil fuel used in power plants and transportation. Conserving resources means less energy is required to produce, use, and dispose of products. In fact, the Internet risks becoming one of the most polluting sectors, but it is above all the production of electronic devices that aggravates the climate and ecological crisis, because of the toxic raw materials and the complex processes, requiring a lot of energy and a lot of water. It takes months to make a microchip, during which a long series of cuts and finishes generate considerable waste compared to the size of the finished product. With current technologies, the production of a single computer involves the emission of 227-270 kilos of carbon dioxide. The consumption of water and the amount of waste from the electronics industry are also considerable: according to The Guardian, in the first three months of 2021 the Intel plant in Ocotillo had already produced 15 thousand tons of waste, of which 60% dangerous. and consumed more than 4 million litres of water and 561 thousand kilowatt-hours of electricity. The situation is aggravated by the speed with which equipment becomes obsolete, the growing demand for electronic items, and the difficulty of disposing of components. Furthermore, the percentage of differentiated electronic waste is very low – around 14% in Europe – a sign that a large part of it ends up directly in landfills. Using devices also entails an important overall consumption of electricity, especially if data is transferred online. Although the single user may consume little, the billions of connected items emit the same amount of CO2 as a small country. This is why green cloud is essential in the fight against climate change. It is not only a problem of pollution but also of energy availability: if the energy demand continues to grow at this rate, there is a risk of not being able to satisfy it, not with renewable sources alone. Gartner forecasts a rapid global expansion of cloud adoption, with end-user spending on cloud services projected to grow 21.7% in 2022. In addition, Gartner predicts that cloud spending will exceed 45% of all enterprise IT spending by 2026. Companies have traditionally had two options for cloud migrations: easily accessible public clouds or customizable private cloud solutions. Today, hybrid cloud environments are expanding the possibilities for cloud infrastructure models, such as combining private cloud with public cloud or public cloud with an on-premises data center. For example, data available to customers can be stored on a public cloud server while sensitive data is kept secure on private servers. Many organizations favor a hybrid cloud approach thanks to its flexibility, security, and costeffectiveness. Some industries have been resistant to cloud computing. In the financial services sector, for example, 70% of companies are still in the early stages of cloud adoption. Like finance, the healthcare industry is highly regulated and requires high levels of security to demonstrate compliance with Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) regulations. For heavily regulated industries, industry clouds offer optimized servers, tools, and applications specific to industry needs. Industry-specific cloud solutions can help organizations accelerate their digital business transformation plans while meeting legal, regulatory, and operational requirements. According to Forrester, companies will look for cloud service providers not based on the number of available services, but by which solution meets compliance parameters in their specific vertical. Employees prefer remote work for many reasons, including money saved by not having to commute or spending money on items like coffee, lunch, and drycleaning expenses. By shifting to full-time remote work, employees avoided an average of 75 hours per year in commute time. This not only increases productivity; it also reduces greenhouse gas emissions caused by commuting to the workplace. The benefits of remote work aren’t just for employees—companies can save an estimated $1,400,000 per 100 employees per year by switching to remote work long term. For every part-time remote worker, organizations experience 21% higher profitability. A remote workforce also allows businesses to re-evaluate their office space requirements. Reducing or eliminating space requirements saves on overhead expenses while reducing overall energy consumption.