cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Kentucky’s “Buckle Up Kentucky: It’s the Law & It’s Enforced” 2005 Campaign
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Green, Eric R.
name: Langley, Ronald E.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The objective of this report was to document the results of the “Buckle Up Kentucky: It’s the Law & It’s Enforced” 2005 campaign in Kentucky. The campaign involved a combination of earned media, paid media, and enforcement. The earned media started two weeks prior to Memorial Day 2005and continued through the enforcement period. Two separate paid media campaigns were conducted.One dealt specifically with pickups while the other was a general campaign for all drivers. The pickup campaign started four weeks prior to Memorial Day and lasted two weeks. The general campaign was for the two weeks prior to Memorial Day. The enforcement period was a two-week period including the week before and the week of Memorial Day.The evaluation of the campaign included documenting the activities associated with the program(publicity and enforcement) and evaluating the results. The evaluation also involved conducting observations of safety belt usage at a sample of locations across the state, conducting telephone surveys before and after the campaign, and comparing the number of fatal and injury crashes during the enforcement period with previous years. Safety belt usage at a mini-sample set of 21 locations across the state (compared to 200 sites fora full statewide survey) found that usage increased from a baseline level of 66.1 percent to 68.6 percent during the enforcement phase of the campaign. Enforcement was conducted by both state and local police through saturated enforcement and checkpoints. A total of 6,089 safety belt citations and 422 child restraint citations were given during the two-week enforcement period. The telephone survey showed that drivers had heard publicity about the campaign (most often on television). A higher percentage of drivers indicated they had increased their safety belt usage in the last30 days after the campaign. About two-thirds of all drivers felt Kentucky should have a primary enforcement law allowing police to stop drivers for a safety belt violation. There were several differences in the responses of all drivers and pickup drivers. The numbers of fatal crashes, injury crashes and total crashes during the two-week enforcement period of the campaign were lower than in any of the previous three years. The number of injuries during this period was 269 less than the average of the previous three years with nine less fatalities. A review of the data results in the opinion that the current law in Kentucky must be changed from secondary to primary enforcement to obtain a long-term high safety belt use percentage. There must also be an awareness by the public that the law is being enforced.
Relativistic Fluid Dynamics: Physics for Many Different Scales
Creators: name: Andersson, N.
name: Comer, G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relativistic fluid is a highly successful model used to describe the dynamics of many-particle, relativistic systems. It takes as input basic physics from microscopic scales and yields as output predictions of bulk, macroscopic motion. By inverting the process, an understanding of bulk features can lead to insight into physics on the microscopic scale. Relativistic fluids have been used to model systems as ``small'' as heavy ions in collisions, and as large as the universe itself, with ``intermediate'' sized objects like neutron stars being considered along the way. The purpose of this review is to discuss the mathematical and theoretical physics underpinnings of the relativistic (multiple) fluid model. We focus on the variational principle approach championed by Brandon Carter and his collaborators, in which a crucial element is to distinguish the momenta that are conjugate to the particle number density currents. This approach differs from the ``standard'' text-book derivation of the equations of motion from the divergence of the stress-energy tensor, in that one explicitly obtains the relativistic Euler equation as an ``integrability'' condition on the relativistic vorticity. We discuss the conservation laws and the equations of motion in detail, and provide a number of (in our opinion) interesting and relevant applications of the general theory.
description: Invited review for Living Reviews in Relativity, 8 figures, uses livrevrel.bst, epubtk.sty
Tuning thermal transport in highly cross-linked polymers by bond induced void engineering
Creators: name: Mukherji, Debashish
name: Singh, Manjesh Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tuning the heat flow is fundamentally important for the design of advanced functional materials. Here, polymers are of particular importance because they provide different pathways for the energy transfer. More specifically, the heat flow between two covalently bonded monomers is over 100 times faster than between the two non-bonded monomers interacting via van der Waals (vdW) forces. Therefore, the delicate balance between these two contributions often provide a guiding tool for the tunability in thermal transport coefficient k of the polymeric materials. Traditionally most studies have investigated k in the linear polymeric materials, the recent interests have also been directed towards the highly cross-linked polymers (HCP). In this work, using the generic molecular dynamics simulations we investigate the factors effecting k of HCP. We emphasize on the importance of the cross-linking bond types and its influence on the network microstructure with a goal to provide a guiding principle for the tunability in k. While these simulation results are discussed in the context of the available experimental data, we also make predictions.
Astrocladistics: a phylogenetic analysis of galaxy evolution I. Character evolutions and galaxy histories
Creators: name: Fraix-Burnet, Didier
name: Choler, Philippe
name: Douzery, Emmanuel J. P.
name: Verhamme, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This series of papers is intended to present astrocladistics in some detail and evaluate this methodology in reconstructing phylogenies of galaxies. Being based on the evolution of all the characters describing galaxies, it is an objective way of understanding galaxy diversity through evolutionary relationships. In this first paper, we present the basic steps of a cladistic analysis and show both theoretically and practically that it can be applied to galaxies. For illustration, we use a sample of 50 simulated galaxies taken from the GALICS database, which are described by 91 observables (dynamics, masses and luminosities). These 50 simulated galaxies are indeed 10 different galaxies taken at 5 cosmological epochs, and they are free of merger events. The astrocladistic analysis easily reconstructs the true chronology of evolution relationships within this sample. It also demonstrates that burst characters are not relevant for galaxy evolution as a whole. A companion paper is devoted to the formalization of the concepts of formation and diversification in galaxy evolution.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Spectral averaging techniques for Jacobi matrices
Creators: name: del Rio, Rafael
name: Martinez, Carmen
name: Schulz-Baldes, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral averaging techniques for one-dimensional discrete Schroedinger operators are revisited and extended. In particular, simultaneous averaging over several parameters is discussed. Special focus is put on proving lower bounds on the density of the averaged spectral measures. These Wegner type estimates are used to analyze stability properties for the spectral types of Jacobi matrices under local perturbations.
On a Generalisation of the Marcenko-Pastur Problem
Creators: name: Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe
name: Potters, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the spectrum of generalized Wishart matrices, defined as $\mathbf{F}=( X Y^\top + Y X^\top)/2T$, where $X$ and $Y$ are $N \times T$ matrices with zero mean, unit variance IID entries and such that $\mathbb{E}[X_{it} Y_{jt}]=c δ_{i,j}$. The limit $c=1$ corresponds to the Marcenko-Pastur problem. For a general $c$, we show that the Stietjes transform of $\mathbf{F}$ is the solution of a cubic equation. In the limit $c=0$, $T \gg N$ the density of eigenvalues converges to the Wigner semi-circle.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, reference to the "Tetilla" law added
2005 Safety Belt Usage Survey in Kentucky
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Green, Eric R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The objective of this study was to establish 2005 safety belt and child safety seat usage rates in Kentucky. The 2005 survey continues to document the results after enactment of a statewide mandatory safety belt law in 1994 and safety belt enforcement campaign. Data were collected at 200 randomly selected sites spread across Kentucky. Data from the individual sites were combined into a statewide percentage considering roadway functional classification, geographic region, and vehicle miles traveled. The data show that the usage rate in 2005 (66.7 percent) was slightly higher than that in 2004 (66.0 percent). This compares to 65.5 percent in 2003, 62.0 percent in 2002, 61.9 percent in 2001, 60 percent in 2000, 59 percent in 1999, 54 percent in 1998, 1997 and 1995, 55 percent in 1996, and 58 percent in 1994. The current usage is substantially above the 1993 level, prior to enactment of the statewide law, of 42 percent. The 2005 statewide usage rate for children under the age of four was determined to be 94.4percent. This continues the high rate found for this age category and compares to the high of 96.0 percent in 2004. The statewide law, except for children, involves secondary enforcement. The very high usage rate for children can be related to primary enforcement and education. To obtain the maximum possible increase in usage for all vehicle occupants, the current law should be modified to allow primary, rather than secondary, enforcement for all vehicle occupants. As a minimum, primary enforcement should apply to drivers while they are in the permit and intermediate phase of the graduated license program. A recent telephone survey found that about two-thirds of Kentucky drivers favor a primary enforcement law.
Military, Healthcare, and Education Expenditure of G20 Nations
Creators: name: Azim, Sabina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This project will compare the military, education, and healthcare expenditure of various nations in the G20. The G20 consists of 19 countries (+ the European Union) that aim to achieve global economic stability. Specifically, I will be looking at the total overall spending in each of these departments, as well as in relation to each country's GDP and population. All analysis will be done over the five year period of 2013-2017. The countries I will focus on are the United States, China, India, Brazil, Argentina, Australia, the United Kingdom, Japan, Russia, Italy, Germany, and Mexico. Feel free to visit my portfolio to view the full project and my Github to view the code. Data Sources:  All military data can be found on the SIPRI Military Expenditure Database. Healthcare and education data can be found on the World Bank Open Database.
$S_3$ Symmetry and Tri-bimaximal Mixing
Creators: name: Mohapatra, R. N.
name: Nasri, S.
name: Yu, Hai-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The near maximal value for the atmospheric neutrino mixing angle together with the fact that the solar mixing angle satisfies the relation $\sin^2θ_\odot\simeq {1/3}$ is the basis for the so called tri-bimaximal mixing (tbm) when $θ_{13}=0$. In this note, we explore the possibility that tri-bimaximal mixing is an indication of a softly broken higher leptonic symmetry $S_3$, the permutation of three lepton families that embeds the $μ-τ$ exchange symmetry of leptons.
description: 8 pages and three figures
title: Machine learning methods for control, identification, and estimation
Creators: name: Masti, Daniele
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2021

description: Over the last decades, the landscape of control theory and system identification has changed significantly in response to the new challenges arising from the industry. This is not surprising: classical model-based techniques are not suitable to handle real-world applications for which it is often too expensive to derive even an approximate model using first principles. Data-driven approaches represent a solution to such an issue. Thanks to the ever-increasing availability of a large quantity of data, they have quickly become central topics within the control theory community. This thesis collects some results regarding using machine learning approaches to answer some open questions in control theory by formulating novel techniques and lessening some undesirable aspects of existing methods. We first present a system identification approach based on deep learning to learn state-space models for nonlinear systems. We then propose a data-driven virtual sensor synthesis approach, inspired by the Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation framework, for reconstructing normally unmeasurable quantities such as scheduling parameters in parameter-varying systems. Three data-driven control approaches, two of which are based on the well-known Virtual Reference Feedback Tuning framework, are finally presented to synthesize constrained controllers for unknown nonlinear dynamical systems from the data without identifying first a model of the plant. Tuning guidelines for the proposed methods are also provided.
Quantum-fluctuation effects on the thermopower of a single-electron transistor
Creators: name: Kubala, Björn
name: König, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study thermal conductance and thermopower of a metallic single-electron transistor beyond the limit of weak tunnel coupling. Employing both a systematic second-order perturbation expansion and a non-perturbative approximation scheme, we find, in addition to sequential and cotunneling contributions, terms that are associated with the renormalization of system parameters due to quantum fluctuations. The latter can be identified by their logarithmic temperature dependence that is typical for many-channel Kondo correlations. In particular, the temperature dependence of thermopower, which provides a direct measure of the average energy of transported particles, reflects the logarithmic reduction of the Coulomb-blockade gap due to quantum fluctuations.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, published version; typos corrected, minimal changes
An Analysis of Fatal Traffic Crashes in Kentucky and Recommended Countermeasures
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Pigman, Jerry G.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the University of Kentucky. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.
title: A novel reactive transport framework for fluid-rock interaction analysis: computational approach, applications and benchmarks
Creators: name: Hax Damiani, Leonardo
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 550 Earth sciences & geology

description: Reactive transport modeling is a fundamental tool in modern computational geochemistry. However, its predictive accuracy is often constrained by the limitations of existing numerical tools, which struggle to capture the complexity of natural phenomena and process couplings. This thesis presents an open-source simulation framework designed to address these challenges. The framework, presented in Chapter 2, offers a versatile, goal-oriented, and easy-to-learn environment for reactive transport modeling. It provides users with full control over the numerical methods and integrates various computing engines optimized for state-of-the-art hardware platforms to model both physical and chemical processes. Basic reactive transport equations predefined for typical geochemical problems can be easily scaled and extended to include additional physical and chemical phenomena through a high-level, intuitive programming interface. Additionally, the framework’s capabilities were demonstrated through multiple benchmark analyses, focusing on electrochemically coupled multicomponent diffusion across charged and uncharged membranes, combined with complex geochemical reactions.
 
Building on this, Chapter 3 demonstrated its application to the Hydrogen Transfer (HT) experiment conducted at the Mont Terri underground rock laboratory in Switzerland. This experiment required a coupled geochemical model to describe the transport of dissolved gases in the surrounding Opalinus Clay formation. The model successfully reproduced the observed gas composition evolution in the borehole and the composition of extracted water. Importantly, it highlighted that gas fluxes across the borehole wall were primarily governed by the diffusive transport of dissolved gases, with the estimated diffusion coefficients showing strong agreement with prior studies and experiments.
 
A key innovation of this framework, presented in Chapter 4, lies in the integration of machine learning (ML) techniques to accelerate chemical equilibria calculations, overcoming common bottlenecks in reactive transport modeling. The ML-assisted geochemical modeling framework generates training datasets from geochemical solvers, while neural networks are trained, tested, and validated against traditional geochemical solvers. This novel approach overcomes the inherent limitations of chemical solvers, such as their non-parallelizable nature and non-transferability across different computer architectures.
 
In summary, this research clearly demonstrates the power of combining modern numerical methods with machine learning techniques to significantly enhance the efficiency and scalability of reactive transport models. The modularity of the framework allows for flexible combinations of solvers and approaches, providing a significant leap in efficiency, accuracy, and scalability for simulating complex geochemical processes.
NLO Corrections to Light-Quark Mixed QCD-EW Contributions to Higgs Production
Creators: name: Becchetti, Matteo
name: Bonciani, Roberto
name: Del Duca, Vittorio
name: Hirschi, Valentin
name: Moriello, Francesco
name: Schweitzer, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present for the first time the exact NLO QCD corrections to the light-quark part of the mixed QCD-EW contributions to Higgs production via gluon fusion at LHC13, with exact EW-boson mass dependence. The relevant two-loop real-emission matrix element is computed using a dynamic one-dimensional series expansion strategy whose stability and speed allows for a numerical phase-space integration using local IR subtraction counterterms. For $μ_R=μ_F=M_H$, we find: \begin{equation}σ^{(α_s^2α^2+α_s^3α^2)}_{g g\rightarrow H+X} = 1.467(2)^{\;+18.7\%}_{\;-14.6\%}\;(μ_R\;\text{var.})\;\pm 2\%\;(\text{PDF}) \ \textrm{pb},\end{equation} which we use to provide the best result including an estimate of suppressed contributions: \begin{equation}σ^{(\text{EW},\textrm{best})}_{p p\rightarrow H+X} = 2.11 \pm 0.28 \ (\textrm{theory}) \ \mathrm{pb}.\end{equation}
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Grammatical elicitation: Stem alternations
Creators: name: Palacio, Frank
name: Björklund, Anna
name: Elias, Alexander
name: López Márquez, Wendy
name: Michael, Lev
name: Montaño Ramírez, Tzintia
name: Robertson, Allegra
name: Wellstood, Zachary
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: cab

description: Elicitation of bare verb stems, in contrast with non-bare stems
title: Investigation of Voids/Cracking on The I-275 Twin Bridges Over The Ohio River in Kenton County
title: Phase I
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Rister, Brad
name: Hopwood, Theodore
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: An evaluation of the northbound bridge approach and the abutment wall of (Combs-Hehl) bridge on I-275 in Kenton County was conducted in September 2007. The inspection consisted of using ground penetrating radar to look for potential voids beneath the concrete approach slab and a video camera inspection to inspect the void space beneath the pier cap/concrete beam in front of the abutment wall.  Results of field testing and recommendations:  A possible void approximately 1-2 inches in depth resides under the approach slab approximately 105 feet before the bridge abutment in the fast lane. It is recommended that this section be filled with cement grout. The camera inspection beneath the pier cap/concrete beam indicates that approximately 447 cubic feet of material has been displaced. It is suggested that the void space be filled with either cement grout or crushed aggregate. It is also recommended that the water eroding around the side of the abutment wall be diverted away from the bridge embankment.
UV Completed Composite Higgs model with heavy composite partners
Creators: name: Dong, Zi-Yu
name: Guan, Cong-Sen
name: Ma, Teng
name: Shu, Jing
name: Xue, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electroweak symmetry breaking in minimal composite Higgs models $SU(4)/Sp(4)$ with purely fermionic UV completions based on a confining Hypercolor gauge group and find that the extra Higgs potential from the underlying preon mass can destruct the correlation between the mass of Higgs and composite partners. Thus the composite partners can be very heavy for successful electroweak symmetry breaking without enhancing the separation between the new physical scale and Higgs VEV. So this kind of model can be easily realized by ordinary strong dynamics theories without artificial assumptions and more likely consistent with lattice simulations. The UV completion of partial compositeness predicts a light singlet Goldstone boson which interacts with QCD and electroweak gauge bosons through Wess-Zumino-Witten terms. It can be produced through gluon fusion at LHC and decay into gauge boson pairs. We briefly discuss its phenomenology and derive its bounds from LHC searches.
description: 11 pages, four figures
Operational and Safety Efficiency of Traffic Signal Installations
Creators: name: Stamatiadis, Nikiforos
name: Jones, Chris
name: Agarwal, Nithin
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The basic principle of signalization is the provision of a safe and effective means for time and space allocation at an intersection for both vehicular and pedestrian needs. The safety community concurs on the fact that there is the potential for safety improvements after signalization of an intersection, but there is a great disagreement on their magnitude as well as their potential negative operational impacts. This research reviewed the safety and operational efficiency after the installation of traffic signals at several locations throughout Kentucky. The report presented here mainly addresses the operational impacts from signal installation, since the safety aspects were addressed in a separate report.  This part of the study evaluated a subset of 32 intersections for which detailed traffic volumes were available for the before and after conditions. The basic premise that traffic signals that do not meet the appropriate warrants will have negative operational effects and have the potential for creating safety hazards was supported by the data. Overall, the analysis showed that traffic signal installations will tend to increase delays and create a lower operational efficiency than under the stop control conditions. This was more apparent for the intersections that did not meet any warrants.  The safety analysis for these intersections also showed that for unwarranted intersections safety will decrease. The only group that showed any safety improvements were those intersections where the volume and crash warrant were met indicating that the signal installation was appropriate. It is possible that there are conditions and turning volume combinations that separation of traffic movements and conflicting movements may be needed. It is therefore imperative that other options be evaluated along with the potential for signal installation in order to properly and effectively address the intersection design and requirements.  It is apparent that a more thorough review and study of the alternative options is needed prior to recommending a signal installation where not only the MUTCD warrants are to be evaluated but additional options (do nothing and roundabout) should be evaluated.
Sardina pilchardus
Creators: name: Caballero-Huertas, Marta
name: Frigola-Tepe, Xènia
name: Viñas, Jordi
name: Muñoz, Marta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Clupeiformes
Clupeidae
Sardina
Sardina pilchardus

description: RESULTS
Alterations in the normal gonad anatomy and architecture of male individuals of European sardine, Sardina pilchardus, were registered in five of 509 specimens analysed (total prevalence of 0.98%): Northern Spain (GSA 6) n = 2 (N = 100, local prevalence of 2%), Northern Adriatic Sea (GSA 17) n = 2 (N = 203, local prevalence of 0.99%), and Aegean Sea (GSA 22) n = 1 (N = 206, local prevalence of 0.49%) (GSA average prevalence ± SD of 1.16 ± 0.63 %) (Tab. I). Gonadal gross morphology analysis revealed that these five individuals presented three asymmetric testicular lobes (Fig. 2A, B, C). Individuals had two main gonad lobes and an additional one of smaller size, the latter adopting a rope-like shape overlapping one of the two main lobes, and weakly connected to the posterior part, which constitutes the spermatic duct. Two males (Northern Spain 15.1 cm TL (Fig. 2B) and Aegean 15 cm TL (Fig. 2A)) showed to be at developing reproductive phase, characterized by easily identified testes close to reach the spawning capability, while the remaining three individuals (Northern Spain 13.9 cm TL, and Northern Adriatic 13.7 and 13.8 cm TL) were at spawning capable phase (actively spawning subphase), with firm testes where accumulation of sperm in the spermatic ducts was macroscopically visible (e.g. Fig. 2C, D, E, F). In the latter, the sperm was macroscopically detected in a disposition and quantity similar to that of normal testicles in all lobes, supported by the histological analysis, that revealed the presence of spermatids and the release of sperm by all the subunits, including the additional of smaller size.
description: Published as part of Caballero-Huertas, Marta, Frigola-Tepe, Xènia, Viñas, Jordi & Muñoz, Marta, 2022, Evidence of trilobed testes in European sardine (Sardina pilchardus), pp. 29-32 in Cybium 46 (1) on page 30, DOI: 10.26028/cybium/2022-461-004, http://zenodo.org/record/10834668
Supplementary file includes supplementary tables, supplementary figures and supplementary methods on the birds' sexing procedure and on the determination of clutch age. from Extended incubation recesses in sanderlings are impacted by temperature and body condition
Creators: name: Etchart, Léa
name: Lecomte, Nicolas
name: Dechaume Moncharmont, François Xavier
name: Moreau, Jérôme
name: Lang, Johannes
name: Pagnon, Thomas
name: Sittler, Benoit
name: Teixeira, Maria
name: Bollache, Loïc
name: Gilg, Olivier
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: Complex incubation strategies have evolved to solve the trade-off between parent survival and care for their eggs with often brief departures (recesses) that maximize egg survival, and infrequent extended recesses maximizing adult condition. Here we examined incubation behaviour of Sanderlings (Calidris alba), a species that exhibits both bi- and uniparental incubation behaviour. During 11 breeding seasons in Greenland, we have quantified incubation variability with thermologgers placed in nests. We estimated the impact of environmental conditions and individual characteristics on the occurrence and the duration of recesses. We found that extended recesses are a unique feature of uniparentals, and their frequency and duration increased in colder temperatures. The relationship was mediated by body condition, with individuals in poor condition performing longer extended recesses in colder temperatures. This suggests that extended recesses may represent a shift towards self-maintenance at the expense of the egg care, allowing birds to continue incubating under unfavourable conditions. Our study illustrates how extended recesses may be a key breeding strategy to overcome high energetic costs associated with incubation. Quantifying such behavioural flexibility paves the way for tracking future behavioural responses of individuals in the face of changing environments.
Future Management Strategies for State Maintained Wetlands and Stream Mitigation Sites
Creators: name: Palle, Sudhir
name: Hopwood, Theodore
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This study was to identify existing wetland/stream mitigation sites owned by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) and assess performance of those sites including problems encountered and maintenance costs. Initial work determined that KYTC Districts performed actions to address wetlands/stream mitigation maintenance under the direction and funding support of KYTC Division of Environmental Analysis. KYTC also sought to identify best practices employed by other transportation agencies. A survey of transportation agencies in neighboring states indicated that most significant “best practice” was to obtain wetland management oversight by their state Fish and Wildlife agencies 5 years after the permitting process (Section 404 of Clean Water Act).  Currently, management of KYTC-owned wetlands does not constitute a significant expense or maintenance burden on the KYTC Districts. They are able to perform most wetlands maintenance with effective guidance and support of the DEA. No recommendations are necessary for changes in practice or scope of DEA/district actions.
title: Forschung zur Geschichte der populären Musik in der DDR: Chancen und Herausforderungen der Archivrecherche
Creators: name: Rauhut, Michael
Publisher: name: Lippmann+Rau-Musikarchiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 780

description: Populäre Musik und ihre Geschichte: Sammeln - Forschen - Publizieren
Scaling in a SU(2)/Z_3 model of cosmic superstring networks
Creators: name: Hindmarsh, Mark
name: Saffin, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent developments in superstring theory in the cosmological context, we examine a field theory which contains string networks with 3-way junctions. We perform numerical simulations of this model, identify the length scales of the network that forms, and provide evidence that the length scales tend towards a scaling regime, growing in proportion to time. We infer that the presence of junctions does not in itself cause a superstring network to dominate the energy density of the early Universe.
description: 12pp, 3 figs
Investigation of the Extended Use of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) for Measuring In-Situ Material Quality Characteristics
Creators: name: Rister, Brad
name: Graves, Clark
name: Creech, Jamie
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This project tests the application of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) as a nondestructive tool for highway infrastructure assessment. Multiple antennas with different frequency ranges were used on a variety of highway infrastructure projects. This report highlights the pros and cons of using GPR on highway projects and what results may be anticipated for each application.
Explicitly stable Fundamental Measure Theory models for classical density functional theory
Creators: name: Lutsko, James F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The derivation of the state of the art tensorial versions of Fundamental Measure Theory (a form of classical Density Functional Theory for hard spheres) are re-examined in the light of the recently introduced concept of global stability of the density functional based on its boundedness (Lutsko and Lam, Phys. Rev. E 98, 012604 (2018)). It is shown that within the present paradigm, explicitly stability of the functional can be achieved only at the cost of giving up accuracy at low densities. It is argued that this is an acceptable trade-off since the main value of DFT lies in the study of dense systems. Explicit calculations for a wide variety of systems shows that a proposed explicitly stable functional is competitive in all ways with the popular White Bear model while sharing some of its weaknesses when applied to non-close-packed solids.
Heat shock protein expression in response to stress and diabetes
Creators: name: Hoekstra, Kenneth Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The exposure of cells to a wide range of stressors results in a highly synchronized, genetically determined response, initiated by detection of the stressor, which in turn leads to a regulatory response that involves the elevated synthesis of a specific set of proteins, termed heat shock proteins (HSPs), which serve to counteract the initial damage,and re-establish cellular homeostasis. The expression of HSP30, 60, 70, and 90 was measured in the heart, liver, kidney, lung, and gonads of Japanese quail exposed to seven different stressors (mild restraint, loud noise, inescapable irritation, cold temperature, isolation in darkness and two stressful social situations), and in the heart, liver, kidney and lung of non-diabetic and diabetic rats exposed to seven individual stressors. Tonic Immobility (Tl) tests were also conducted on Japanese quail to assess whether or not the stressors increased fear response. Increased expression of HSP70 was found in the heart tissue of birds exposed to loud noise, inescapable irritation, cold temperature and isolation in darkness. The expression of other HSPs was not apparent in the heart or any of the other tissues examined. Longer Tl was observed only in birds exposed to the noise stress. Increased expression of HSP30 and HSP70 was found in the heart tissue of non-diabetic, stressed rats. Increased expression of HSP30 and HSP70 was also found in acute (4 weeks) and chronic (12 weeks) streptozotocin rats. In the liver, increased HSP70 expression was found for acute and chronic diabetic treatments. In the kidney, increased HSP70 expression was found only in chronic diabetes. No change in HSP 60 or 90 was detected in any tissues examined and the lung did not show any HSP increase. These results support the possibility of a tissue- and class-specific HSP response when exposed to a variety of stressors.
title: Das Notenarchiv des Staatlichen Rundfunkkomitees der DDR: Ein wichtiger Bestand für die DDR-Forschung in den Musik- und Medienwissenschaften
Creators: name: Bretschneider, Simon
Publisher: name: Lippmann+Rau-Musikarchiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 780

description: Populäre Musik und ihre Geschichte: Sammeln - Forschen - Publizieren
careables insights report incl. reproductions
Creators: name: Wessolek, Daniel
name: Melis, Paulien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open Source Hardware
co-design
healthcare

description: During the course of the Careables project, we co-designed tailored solutions and made them openly accessible to others. This report shares insights within three focal points: Experiences and learnings made in the context of moving events from the physical to the virtual, replication stories centered around the COVID-19 pandemic, and acquired knowledge around the topic of parametric solutions and accessibility.
A Thermal Wind Model for GRO J1655-40
Creators: name: Netzer, Hagai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent Chandra observations of an outflowing gas in GRO J1655-40 resulted in a suggestion by Miller et al. (2006) that the wind in this system must be powered by a magnetic process that can also drive accretion through the disk around the black hole. The alternative explanations, of radiation pressure or thermally driven flows, were considered unsatisfactory because of the highly ionized level of the gas and because of the derived small distance from the black hole, well inside the minimum distance required for an efficient X-ray heated wind. The present paper shows that there is a simple photoionized wind solution for this system where the gas is much further out than assumed by Miller et al., at r/r_g = 10^(4.7-5.7). The expected wind velocity, as well as the computed equivalent widths of more than 50 absorption lines in this single-component 1D model, are all in good agreement with the Chandra observations.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
The voice of COVID-19: Acoustic correlates of infection
Creators: name: Bartl-Pokorny, Katrin D.
name: Pokorny, Florian B.
name: Batliner, Anton
name: Amiriparian, Shahin
name: Semertzidou, Anastasia
name: Eyben, Florian
name: Kramer, Elena
name: Schmidt, Florian
name: Schönweiler, Rainer
name: Wehler, Markus
name: Schuller, Björn W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: J.3
subject: 68T01

description: COVID-19 is a global health crisis that has been affecting many aspects of our daily lives throughout the past year. The symptomatology of COVID-19 is heterogeneous with a severity continuum. A considerable proportion of symptoms are related to pathological changes in the vocal system, leading to the assumption that COVID-19 may also affect voice production. For the very first time, the present study aims to investigate voice acoustic correlates of an infection with COVID-19 on the basis of a comprehensive acoustic parameter set. We compare 88 acoustic features extracted from recordings of the vowels /i:/, /e:/, /o:/, /u:/, and /a:/ produced by 11 symptomatic COVID-19 positive and 11 COVID-19 negative German-speaking participants. We employ the Mann-Whitney U test and calculate effect sizes to identify features with the most prominent group differences. The mean voiced segment length and the number of voiced segments per second yield the most important differences across all vowels indicating discontinuities in the pulmonic airstream during phonation in COVID-19 positive participants. Group differences in the front vowels /i:/ and /e:/ are additionally reflected in the variation of the fundamental frequency and the harmonics-to-noise ratio, group differences in back vowels /o:/ and /u:/ in statistics of the Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients and the spectral slope. Findings of this study can be considered an important proof-of-concept contribution for a potential future voice-based identification of individuals infected with COVID-19.
description: 8 pages
The stochastic dynamics of micron and nanoscale elastic cantilevers in fluid: fluctuations from dissipation
Creators: name: Paul, M. R.
name: Clark, M. T.
name: Cross, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stochastic dynamics of micron and nanoscale cantilevers immersed in a viscous fluid are quantified. Analytical results are presented for long slender cantilevers driven by Brownian noise. The spectral density of the noise force is not assumed to be white and the frequency dependence is determined from the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. The analytical results are shown to be useful for the micron scale cantilevers that are commonly used in atomic force microscopy. A general thermodynamic approach is developed that is valid for cantilevers of arbitrary geometry as well as for arrays of multiple cantilevers whose stochastic motion is coupled through the fluid. It is shown that the fluctuation-dissipation theorem permits the calculation of stochastic quantities via straightforward deterministic methods. The thermodynamic approach is used with deterministic finite element numerical simulations to quantify the autocorrelation and noise spectrum of cantilever fluctuations for a single micron scale cantilever and the cross-correlations and noise spectra of fluctuations for an array of two experimentally motivated nanoscale cantilevers as a function of cantilever separation. The results are used to quantify the noise reduction possible using correlated measurements with two closely spaced nanoscale cantilevers.
description: Submitted to Nanotechnology April 26, 2006
title: Der lange Weg vom Sammeln zum Anstiften und von der Obsession des Einsammelns: Das Lippmann+Rau-Musikarchiv in Eisenach
Creators: name: Lorenz, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Lippmann+Rau-Musikarchiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 780

description: Populäre Musik und ihre Geschichte: Sammeln - Forschen - Publizieren
On the Basis of Quantum Statistical Mechanics
Creators: name: Sugita, Ayumu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new approach to justify the use of the microcanonical ensemble for isolated macroscopic quantum systems. Since there are huge number of independent observables in a macroscopic system, we cannot see all of them. Actually what we observe can be written in a rather simple combination of local observables. Considering this limitation, we show that almost all states in a energy shell are practically indistinguishable from one another, and hence from the microcanonical ensemble. In particular, the expectation value of a macroscopic observable is very close to its microcanonical ensemble average for almost all states.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, submitted to the Proceedings of the 6th International Summer School and Conference "Let's Face Chaos through Nonlinear Dynamics"
Electric-field-induced spin-flop in BiFeO3 single crystals at room-temperature
Creators: name: Lebeugle, D.
name: Colson, D.
name: Forget, A.
name: Viret, M.
name: Bataille, A. M.
name: Gukasov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bismuth ferrite, BiFeO3, is the only known room-temperature 'multiferroic' material. We demonstrate here, using neutron scattering measurements in high quality single crystals, that the antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric orders are intimately coupled. Initially in a single ferroelectric state, our crystals have a canted antiferromagnetic structure describing a unique cycloid. Under electrical poling, polarisation re-orientation induces a spin flop. We argue here that the coupling between the two orders may be stronger in the bulk than that observed in thin films where the cycloid is absent.
Mapping human regulatory variation using haplotype-resolved data
Creators: name: Clement, Adam
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2021

description: Mapping regulatory variants is a powerful approach for identifying the underlying biological mechanisms that define heritable phenotypes. Although each individual carries two copies of a gene, most studies of regulatory variants, such as those defining expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), traditionally sum the expression of genes over both chromosomes. This is despite each chromosome carrying different regulatory haplotypes and studies of allele specific expression (ASE) highlighting that the two copies of each gene can be expressed at very different levels. In this study I defined allele-specific expression (ASE) across a European cohort, and using matching genomic data tested for variants that are associated with haplotype-resolved expression levels across individuals, hence potentially providing greater precision in mapping regulatory variants. This approach was generalised into the first R package available for this type of analysis, so that it can be used and expanded upon by the wider community. I illustrate how novel regulatory variants can be identified using this approach relative to standard eQTL analyses and show how it can be expanded to investigate how non-additive interactions between alleles on the two copies of each chromosome potentially shape a gene’s expression. I consequently present a novel approach for defining regulatory variants, a new easy-to-use R package implementing this approach and how it can be used to provide new insights into the complexity of genetic regulation of gene expression.
Vielfältig und spannend "Die Bedeutung der Säkularisierung für die Ökumene und ihre Auswirkungen für die Kirchen in Europa" - Tagungsbericht der AÖF jahresversammlung 2012
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Claudia
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 62 Nr. 4 (2013): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 62, Heft 4
Legal Pluralism ในประเทศแคนาดา: กรณีตัวอย่างเกี่ยวกับการประมงของชนพื้นเมือง
Creators: name: วาทิศ โสตถิพันธุ์
Publisher: name: คณะนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเชียงใหม่
Year: 2005

description: 1, 3, วารสารนิติสังคมศาสตร์
สิทธิชนพื้นเมืองในกระบวนการยุติธรรมมาเลเซีย
Creators: name: สมชาย ปรีชาศิลปกุล
Publisher: name: คณะนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเชียงใหม่
Year: 2005

description: 1, 3, วารสารนิติสังคมศาสตร์