cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interaction Properties of the Periodic and Step-like Solutions of the Double-Sine-Gordon Equation
Creators: name: Peyravi, M.
name: Montakhab, Afshin
name: Riazi, N.
name: Gharaati, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: PACS: 05.45.Yv, 05.00.00, 02.60.Lj, 24.10.Jv

description: The periodic and step-like solutions of the double-Sine-Gordon equation are investigated, with different initial conditions and for various values of the potential parameter $ε$. We plot energy and force diagrams, as functions of the inter-soliton distance for such solutions. This allows us to consider our system as an interacting many-body system in 1+1 dimension. We therefore plot state diagrams (pressure vs. average density) for step-like as well as periodic solutions. Step-like solutions are shown to behave similarly to their counterparts in the Sine-Gordon system. However, periodic solutions show a fundamentally different behavior as the parameter $ε$ is increased. We show that two distinct phases of periodic solutions exist which exhibit manifestly different behavior. Response functions for these phases are shown to behave differently, joining at an apparent phase transition point.
description: 17pages, 15 figures
Rate- and State-Dependent Friction Law and Statistical Properties of Earthquakes
Creators: name: Ohmura, Akio
name: Kawamura, Hikaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to clarify how the statistical properties of earthquakes depend on the constitutive law characterizing the stick-slip dynamics, we make an extensive numerical simulation of the one-dimensional spring-block model with the rate- and state-dependent friction law. Both the magnitude distribution and the recurrence-time distribution are studied with varying the constitutive parameters characterizing the model. While a continuous spectrum of seismic events from smaller to larger magnitudes is obtained, earthquakes described by this model turn out to possess pronounced ``characteristic'' features.
description: Minor revisions are made in the text and in the figures. Accepted for publication in Europhys. Letters
Estimate of the Mass and Radial Profile of the Orphan-Chenab Stream's Dwarf Galaxy Progenitor Using MilkyWay@home
Creators: name: Mendelsohn, Eric J.
name: Newberg, Heidi Jo
name: Shelton, Siddhartha
name: Widrow, Lawrence M.
name: Thompson, Jeffery M.
name: Grillmair, Carl J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fit the mass and radial profile of the Orphan-Chenab Stream's (OCS) dwarf galaxy progenitor by using turnoff stars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the Dark Energy Camera (DEC) to constrain N-body simulations of the OCS progenitor falling into the Milky Way on the 1.5 PetaFLOPS MilkyWay@home distributed supercomputer. We infer the internal structure of the OCS's progenitor under the assumption that it was a spherically symmetric dwarf galaxy comprised of a stellar system embedded in an extended dark matter halo. We optimize the evolution time, the baryonic and dark matter scale radii, and the baryonic and dark matter masses of the progenitor using a differential evolution algorithm. The likelihood score for each set of parameters is determined by comparing the simulated tidal stream to the angular distribution of OCS stars observed in the sky. We fit the total mass of the OCS's progenitor to ($2.0\pm0.3$) $\times 10^7 M_\odot$ with a mass-to-light ratio of $γ=73.5\pm10.6$ and ($1.1\pm0.2$)$\times10^6M_{\odot}$ within 300 pc of its center. Within the progenitor's half-light radius, we estimate total a mass of ($4.0\pm1.0$)$\times10^5M_{\odot}$. We also fit the current sky position of the progenitor's remnant to be $(α,δ)=((166.0\pm0.9)^\circ,(-11.1\pm2.5)^\circ)$ and show that it is gravitationally unbound at the present time. The measured progenitor mass is on the low end of previous measurements, and if confirmed lowers the mass range of ultrafaint dwarf galaxies. Our optimization assumes a fixed Milky Way potential, OCS orbit, and radial profile for the progenitor, ignoring the impact of the Large Magellanic Cloud.
description: 33 pages, 53 figures, to be published by ApJ
Propagation of Nonclassical Radiation through a Semiconductor Slab
Creators: name: Vasylyev, D. Yu.
name: Vogel, W.
name: Schmielau, T.
name: Henneberger, K.
name: Welsch, D. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a microscopic derivation of the emission spectra of a bulk semiconductor we arrive at a clear physical interpretation of the noise current operators in macroscopic quantum electrodynamics. This opens the possibility to study medium effects on nonclassical radiation propagating through an absorbing or amplifying semiconductor. As an example, the propagation of an incident squeezed vacuum is analyzed.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
AT2019azh: an unusually long-lived, radio-bright thermal tidal disruption event
Creators: name: Goodwin, A. J.
name: van Velzen, S.
name: Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
name: Mummery, A.
name: Bietenholz, M. F.
name: Wederfoort, A.
name: Hammerstein, E.
name: Bonnerot, C.
name: Hoffmann, J.
name: Yan, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal disruption events (TDEs) occur when a star is destroyed by a supermassive black hole at the center of a galaxy, temporarily increasing the accretion rate onto the black hole and producing a bright flare across the electromagnetic spectrum. Radio observations of TDEs trace outflows and jets that may be produced. Radio detections of the outflows from TDEs are uncommon, with only about one third of TDEs discovered to date having published radio detections. Here we present over two years of comprehensive, multi-radio frequency monitoring observations of the tidal disruption event AT2019azh taken with the Very Large Array (VLA) and MeerKAT radio telescopes from approximately 10 days pre-optical peak to 810 days post-optical peak. AT2019azh shows unusual radio emission for a thermal TDE, as it brightened very slowly over two years, and showed fluctuations in the synchrotron energy index of the optically thin synchrotron emission from 450 days post-disruption. Based on the radio properties, we deduce that the outflow in this event is likely non-relativistic and could be explained by a spherical outflow arising from self-stream intersections, or a mildly collimated outflow from accretion onto the supermassive black hole. This data-set provides a significant contribution to the observational database of outflows from TDEs, including the earliest radio detection of a non-relativistic TDE to date, relative to the optical discovery.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to MNRAS. Comments welcome!
Letter from Dick Smith to Pat [Goldie] June 10, 1911
Creators: name: Smith, Dick
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter from Dick Smith to Pat Goldie enclosed with letter from Pat Goldie to Jim Goldie dated June 13, 1911. Pat asks Jim to express an opinion about the feasibility of purchasing Orchard land in the Glenmore Valley near Kelowna.
The Last Journey. II. SMACC -- Subhalo Mass-loss Analysis using Core Catalogs
Creators: name: Sultan, Imran
name: Frontiere, Nicholas
name: Habib, Salman
name: Heitmann, Katrin
name: Kovacs, Eve
name: Larsen, Patricia
name: Rangel, Esteban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces SMACC -- Subhalo Mass-loss Analysis using Core Catalogs. SMACC adds a mass model to substructure merger trees based on halo "core tracking." Our approach avoids the need for running expensive subhalo finding algorithms and instead uses subhalo mass-loss modeling to assign masses to halo cores. We present details of the SMACC methodology and demonstrate its excellent performance in describing halo substructure and its evolution. Validation of the approach is carried out using cosmological simulations at significantly different resolutions. We apply SMACC to the 1.24 trillion-particle Last Journey simulation and construct core catalogs with the additional mass information. These catalogs can be readily used as input to semi-analytic models or subhalo abundance matching approaches to determine approximate galaxy distributions, as well as for in-depth studies of small-scale structure evolution.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to ApJ
ОЦЕНКА КЛИНИКО-НЕВРОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ СИМПТОМАТИКИ ПОСЛЕ ОСТРОГО ИШЕМИЧЕСКОГО ИНСУЛЬТА
Creators: name: Хакимов, Сардор
name: Мухторов, Расул
name: Куранбаева, Сатима
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ишемический инсульт является основной причиной смертности как мужчин, так и женщин, а также первой по значимости причиной долгосрочной инвалидности во всем мире[1,3]. Из-за нехватки эффективных методов лечения медицинская и социальная помощь требует значительных ресурсов здравоохранения для ведения пациентов[5].Острая и хроническая сосудистая мозговая недостаточность является важнейшей причиной когнитивных расстройств (КР) в пожилом возрасте, а сосудистая деменция составляет 10—15% всех случаев деменции[2,5].В связи с этим встает необходимость раннего выявления и терапии когнитивных нарушений. Из всего вышесказанного становится очевидным, что оценка клинико-неврологической симптоматики и когнитивных функций у больных с ишемическим инсультом(ИИ) представляет несомненный интерес, как в научном, так и в практическом аспекте[1,4].
Ethical AI/ML in the Earth, Space, and Environmental Sciences: Risks, Rewards, Principles, and Responsibilities for Researchers
Creators: name: Rao, Yuhan (Douglas)
name: Camporeale, Enrico
name: Lakshmi, Venkataraman
name: Stall, Shelley
name: Vrouwenvelder, Kristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: machine learning
artificial intelligence
earth science
ethics

description: Town Hall: Ethical AI/ML in the Earth, Space, and Environmental Sciences: Risks, Rewards, Principles, and Responsibilities for Researchers

AGU 23, San Francisco, California

Monday December 11, 2023

Abstract: 

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are enabling advances in understanding the Earth and its systems at all scales and are increasingly being used in diverse societal applications. To address the urgent need for guidance on the ethical use of AI and ML in earth, space, and environmental science-focused research, we will discuss a recent multi-disciplinary community report facilitated by AGU developing a set of principles and responsibilities for using AI and ML in Earth, space, and environmental science-focused research. Presentations from community members will highlight opportunities, risks, and needs for disciplines across the Earth, space, and environmental sciences. We will invite community discussion during the town hall about related needs across these areas, then ask for feedback on a plan to convene the community mid-2024 to make any needed updates to the community report as the research landscape continues to rapidly evolve as AI and ML tools advance.
A high-resolution infrared spectroscopic investigation of the halogen atom-HCN entrance channel complexes solvated in superfluid helium droplets
Creators: name: Merritt, Jeremy M.
name: Küpper, Jochen
name: Miller, Roger E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rotationally resolved infrared spectra are reported for the X-HCN (X = Cl, Br, I) binary complexes solvated in helium nanodroplets. These results are directly compared with that obtained previously for the corresponding X-HF complexes [J. M. Merritt, J. Küpper, and R. E. Miller, PCCP, 7, 67 (2005)]. For bromine and iodine atoms complexed with HCN, two linear structures are observed and assigned to the $^{2}Σ_{1/2}$ and $^{2}Π_{3/2}$ ground electronic states of the nitrogen and hydrogen bound geometries, respectively. Experiments for HCN + chlorine atoms give rise to only a single band which is attributed to the nitrogen bound isomer. That the hydrogen bound isomer is not stabilized is rationalized in terms of a lowering of the isomerization barrier by spin-orbit coupling. Theoretical calculations with and without spin-orbit coupling have also been performed and are compared with our experimental results. The possibility of stabilizing high-energy structures containing multiple radicals is discussed, motivated by preliminary spectroscopic evidence for the di-radical Br-HCCCN-Br complex. Spectra for the corresponding molecular halogen HCN-X$_{2}$ complexes are also presented.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables, RevTeX
Query Abandonment Prediction with Recurrent Neural Models of Mouse Cursor Movements
Creators: name: Brückner, Lukas
name: Arapakis, Ioannis
name: Leiva, Luis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most successful search queries do not result in a click if the user can satisfy their information needs directly on the SERP. Modeling query abandonment in the absence of click-through data is challenging because search engines must rely on other behavioral signals to understand the underlying search intent. We show that mouse cursor movements make a valuable, low-cost behavioral signal that can discriminate good and bad abandonment. We model mouse movements on SERPs using recurrent neural nets and explore several data representations that do not rely on expensive hand-crafted features and do not depend on a particular SERP structure. We also experiment with data resampling and augmentation techniques that we adopt for sequential data. Our results can help search providers to gauge user satisfaction for queries without clicks and ultimately contribute to a better understanding of search engine performance.
Mechanisms Behind the Generalized Synchronization Conditions
Creators: name: Koronovskii, A. A.
name: Moskalenko, O. I.
name: Hramov, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A universal mechanism underlying generalized synchronization conditions in unidirectionally coupled stochastic oscillators is considered. The consideration is carried out in the framework of a modified system with additional dissipation. The approach developed is illustrated with model examples. The conclusion is reached that two types of the behavior of nonlinear dynamic systems known as generalized synchronization and noise-induced synchronization, which are viewed as different phenomena, actually represent a unique type of the synchronous behavior of stochastic oscillators and are caused by the same mechanism.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Dalitz plot analysis of the decay B+- -> K+-K+-K-+
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the three-body charmless decay B+- -> K+-K+-K-+ using a sample of 226.0 +- 2.5 million BBbar pairs collected by the BABAR detector. We measure the total branching fraction and CP asymmetry to be B = (35.2 +- 0.9 +-1.6) x 10^{-6} and A_CP = (-1.7 +- 2.6 +- 1.5)%. We fit the Dalitz plot distribution using an isobar model and measure the magnitudes and phases of the decay coefficients. We find no evidence of CP violation for the individual components of the isobar model. The decay dynamics is dominated by the K+K- S-wave, for which we perform a partial-wave analysis in the region m(K+K-) < 2 GeV/c^2. Significant production of the f0(980) resonance, and of a spin zero state near 1.55 GeV/c^2 are required in the isobar model description of the data. The partial-wave analysis supports this observation.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, to be submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Discovery of Stable Titanium at the Northeastern Jet of Cassiopeia A: Need for a Weak Jet Mechanism?
Creators: name: Ikeda, Takuma
name: Uchiyama, Yasunobu
name: Sato, Toshiki
name: Higurashi, Ryota
name: Tsuchioka, Tomoya
name: Yamada, Shinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the jet-like structures observed in Cassiopeia A is still unclear, although it seems to be related to its explosion mechanism. X-ray observations of the characteristic structures could provide us useful information on the explosive nucleosynthesis via the observation of elements, which is a unique approach to understand its origin. We here report the discovery of shocked stable Ti, which is produced only at the inner region of exploding stars, in the northeast jet of Cassiopeia A using the 1-Ms deep observation with the Chandra X-ray observatory. The observed Ti coexists with other intermediate-mass elements (e.g. Si, S, Ar, Ca) and Fe at the tip of the X-ray jet structure. We found that its elemental composition is well explained with the production by the incomplete Si burning regime, indicating that the formation process of the jet structure was sub-energetic at the explosion (the peak temperature during the nuclear burning must be $\lesssim$ 5$\times$10$^{9}$ K at most). Thus, we conclude that the energy source that formed the jet structure was not the primary engine for the supernova explosion. Our results are useful to limit the power of the jet-structure formation process, and a weak jet mechanism with low temperature may be needed to explain it.
description: Accepted for publication in PASJ, 9 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Crash History after Installation of Traffic Signals (Warranted vs. Unwarranted)
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Green, Eric R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The objective of this study was to determine the change in crash history at intersections after installation of a traffic signal. Signals installed based on the warrants from an engineering study resulted in a decrease in angle collisions with an increase in the less severe rear end collisions. At intersections where signal warrants were not met, there was a smaller decrease in angle collisions and a larger increase in rear end collisions. The removal of unwarranted traffic signals did not result in a crash problem. The analysis shows that the warrants given in the MUTCD should be followed when determining the need for a traffic signal installation with the installation based on an engineering study.
Multiphoton Bloch-Siegert shifts and level-splittings in a three-level system
Creators: name: Hagelstein, Peter L.
name: Chaudhary, Irfan U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous work we studied the spin-boson model in the multiphoton regime, using a rotation that provides a separation between terms that contribute most of the level energies away from resonance, and terms responsible for the level splittings at the anticrossing. Here, we consider a generalization of the spin-boson model consisting of a three-level system coupled to an oscillator. We construct a similar rotation and apply it to the more complicated model. We find that the rotation provides a useful approximation to the energy levels in the multiphoton region of the new problem. We find that good results can be obtained for the level splittings at the anticrossings for resonances involving the lower two levels in regions away from accidental or low-order resonances of the upper two levels.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures
On nonlocal mechanics of curved elastic beams
Creators: name: Barretta, Raffaele
name: de Sciarra, Francesco Marotti
name: Vaccaro, Marzia Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Curved beams are basic structural components of Nano-Electro-Mechanical-Sistems (NEMS) whose design requires appropriate modelling of scale effects. In the present paper, the size-dependent static behaviour of curved elastic nano-beams is investigated by stress-driven nonlocal continuum mechanics. Axial strain and flexural curvature fields are integral convolutions between equilibrated axial force and bending moment fields and an averaging kernel. The nonlocal integral methodology formulated here is the generalization to curved structures of the treatment in [Int. J. Eng. Science 115 (2017) 14-27] confined to straight beams. The corresponding nonlocal differential problem, supplemented with non-standard boundary conditions, is highlighted and shown to lead to mathematically well-posed problems of nano-engineering. The theoretical predictions, exhibiting stiffening nonlocal behaviours, are therefore appropriate to significantly model a wide range of small-scale devices of nanotechnological interest. The nonlocal approach is exploited by analytically establishing size-dependent responses of curved elastic nano-sensors and nano-actuators that are driven by the small-scale characteristic parameter.
The challenge of the Thessalonians and Paul’s Riposte
Creators: name: Crook, Antonin Zeba
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Social Scientific Criticism provides the reader of the New Testament with a set of tools to access the intended meaning of a text. That is to say, it is not the words which convey meaning, but rather the context within which the words are embedded. The anthropological model of honor and shame is one of these tools. This model has been developed from the modern study of agrarian and rural Mediterranean villages and from the study of ancient and classical Hellenistic literature and philosophy. The present study considers the context of honor and shame which lies beneath what is generally regarded as the earliest extant Pauline letter, I Thessalonians. After preliminary exercises, such as a survey of the literature on I Thessalonians and an establishing and clarification of the method which drives this study, the text is analysed from the perspective of honor and shame, limited good, and agonism. Since honor and shame did not operate in a vacuum of social values and practices, other details are brought into the exegesis, such as praise and blame in ancient letter writing, and Paul's place in the environment of patron-client relations. The result is a reading of the letter which focuses on the variety of challenges which the converts posed and on Paul's need to defend himself in a way that was appropriate to his mission. Through such a reading, certain stylistic features of the letter are highlighted in a way that sets this study apart from its predecessors.
Luminosity dependent study of the High Mass X-ray Binary Pulsar 4U~0114+65 with ASCA
Creators: name: Mukherjee, U.
name: Paul, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report the spectral characteristics of the high and low states of the pulsar 4U~0114+65 and examine the change in the parameters of the spectral model. A power law and a photoelectric absorption by material along the line of sight together with a high energy cut-off suffice to describe the continuum spectrum in both the states. A fluorescence iron line at $\sim$6.4 keV is present in the high as well as in the low state, though it is less intense in the latter. The photon index, cut-off energy and e-folding energy values hardly show any discernible change over the states. We compare these spectral characteristics as observed with ASCA to that with other satellites. We also compare the spectral characteristics of 4U~0114+650 with other X-ray sources which show intensity variation at different time scales.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures and 2 tables. Accepted in Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy
Engineering symmetry breaking in two-dimensional layered materials
Creators: name: Du, Luojun
name: Hasan, Tawfique
name: Castellanos-Gomez, Andres
name: Liu, Gui-Bin
name: Yao, Yugui
name: Lau, Chun Ning
name: Sun, Zhipei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetry breaking in two-dimensional layered materials plays a significant role in their macroscopic electrical, optical, magnetic and topological properties, including but not limited to spin-polarization effects, valley-contrasting physics, nonlinear Hall effects, nematic order, ferroelectricity, Bose-Einstein condensation and unconventional superconductivity. Engineering symmetry breaking of two-dimensional layered materials not only offers extraordinary opportunities to tune their physical properties, but also provides unprecedented possibilities to introduce completely new physics and technological innovations in electronics, photonics and optoelectronics. Indeed, over the past 15 years, a wide variety of physical, structural and chemical approaches have been developed to engineer symmetry breaking of two-dimensional layered materials. In this Review, we focus on the recent progresses on engineering the breaking of inversion, rotational, time reversal and spontaneous gauge symmetries in two-dimensional layered materials, and illustrate our perspectives on how these may lead to potential new physics and applications.
description: 35 pages, 4 figures
Relaying Topological Interface States for Negative Refraction of Bulk Waves
Creators: name: Chu, Hongchen
name: Chen, Ze-Guo
name: Lai, Yun
name: Ma, Guancong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological notions in physics have become a powerful perspective that leads to the discoveries of topological interface states (TISs). In this work, we present a scheme to achieve negative refraction by leveraging the properties of TISs in a valley photonic crystal (VPC). Due to the chiral characteristics, one type of the TISs deterministically possesses negative dispersion relation, which can cause an obliquely incident wave to undergo a negative lateral shift. By stacking multiple VPC interfaces, the TIS-induced lateral shifts can relay in the transmitted wave towards the far side of incidence. The resultant outgoing wave appears to have undergone negative refraction. This finding is verified in microwave experiments. Our scheme opens new application scenarios for topological systems in bulk wave manipulations.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Formation of Atomic-Sized Contacts by Electrochemical Methods
Creators: name: Calvo, M. R.
name: Mares, A. I.
name: Climent, V.
name: van Ruitenbeek, J. M.
name: Untiedt, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrochemical methods have recently become an interesting tool for fabricating and characterizing nanostructures at room temperature. Simplicity, low cost and reversibility are some of the advantages of this technique that allows to work at the nanoscale without requiring sophisticated instrumentation. In our experimental setup, we measure the conductance across a nanocontact fabricated either by dissolving a macroscopic gold wire or by depositing gold in between two separated gold electrodes. We have achieved a high level of control on the electrochemical fabrication of atomic-sized contacts in gold. The use of electrochemistry as a reproducible technique to prepare nanocontacts will open several possibilities that are not feasible with other methodologies. It involves, also, the possibility of reproducing experiments that today are made by more expensive, complicated or irreversible methods. As example, we show here a comparison of the results when looking for shell effects in gold nanocontacts with those obtained by other techniques.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PSS
Post maximum light and late time optical imaging polarimetry of type I superluminous supernova 2020znr
Creators: name: Poidevin, F.
name: Omand, C. M. B.
name: Pérez-Fournon, I.
name: Clavero, R.
name: Shirley, R.
name: Marques-Chaves, R.
name: Angel, C. Jimenez
name: Geier, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical imaging polarimetry was conducted on the hydrogen poor superluminous supernova 2020znr during 3 phases after maximum light (approximately +34 days, +288 days and +289 days). After instrumental and interstellar polarization correction, all measurements are consistent with null-polarization detection. Modelling the light curve with a magnetar spin-down model shows that SN 2020znr has similar magnetar and ejecta parameters to other SLSNe. A comparison of the best-fit values discussed in the literature on SN 2017egm and SN 2015bn, two hydrogen poor SLSNe showing an increase of polarization after maximum light, suggests that SN 2020znr has higher mass ejecta that may prevent access to the geometry of the inner ejecta with optical polarimetry. The combined information provided by spectroscopy and light curve analysis of type I SLSNe may be an interesting avenue to categorize the polarization properties of this class of transients. This approach would require to expand the sample of SLSNe polarimetry data currently available with early and late time epochs new measurements.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures and 6 tables. Accepted for publication in the MNRAS
title: How students learn to lead: insights into the lived experiences of undergraduate business students during their placement year
Creators: name: Di Pede, Graziana
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: This qualitative research study has shed light on the leadership experiences of 13 
undergraduate business students undertaking a one-year work placement. Semi-structured interviews and reflective journals were used to explore the students’ 
leadership experiences before and during their placement. Through reflection on these 
experiences, students were able to make sense of their own leadership learning as well 
as develop their leadership identity. 
The results of this study suggested that students learnt to lead by taking on leadership 
roles and responsibilities, and by interacting with others in various contexts such as 
home and family life, education, sport, and work. Major changes and challenges in the 
workplace, like the ones brought on by the Covid-19 pandemic, were also identified as 
crucial leadership learning opportunities. 
Whilst on placement, students also refined their own definitions of leadership as well as 
grasped a better understanding of the differences between leadership and management. 
Furthermore, data analysis revealed that most students regarded becoming a leader as 
an important career goal, and that their leadership identity was strongly influenced by 
observed role models such as more senior colleagues and line managers. 
This study holds important implications for both theory and practice. From a theoretical 
point of view, it has contributed to the literature about leadership learning through lived 
experience as well as identity development. From a practical point of view, it may benefit 
multiple stakeholders including students, staff working in business schools, and 
employers.
On pseudo-differential operators on group SU(2)
Creators: name: Ruzhansky, Michael
name: Turunen, Ville
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35S05; 22E30

description: In this paper we will outline elements of the global calculus of seudo-differential operators on the group SU(2). This is a part of a more general approach to pseudo-differential operators on compact Lie groups that will appear in the forthcoming book by the authors.
description: 15 pages
Use of Edge Line Markings on Rural Two-Lane Highways
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Green, Eric R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The objective of this study was to review roadway characteristics and crash data in Kentucky and determine if revisions should be made to current guidelines for the use of edge lines. Recommendations were made concerning the use of edge lines, centerlines, and paved shoulders on rural, two-lane roadways with varying pavement widths.
Evaluation of Kentucky’s “Click It or Ticket” 2008 Campaign
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Green, Eric R.
name: Langley, Ronald E.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The objective of this report was to document the results of the “Click It or Ticket” 2008 campaign in Kentucky. The campaign involved a combination of earned media, paid media, and enforcement. The earned media started about three weeks prior to Memorial Day 2008 and continued through the enforcement period. The paid media campaign was for the two weeks prior to Memorial Day while the enforcement period was a two-week period including the week before and the week of Memorial Day.  The evaluation of the campaign included documenting the activities associated with the program (publicity and enforcement) and evaluating the results. The evaluation also involved conducting observations of safety belt usage at a sample of locations across the state, conducting telephone surveys before and after the campaign, and comparing the number of fatal and injury crashes during the enforcement period with previous years.  Safety belt usage was obtained at a mini-sample set of 21 locations across the state (compared to 200 sites for a full statewide survey). Usage for all vehicles at the 21 sites increased from 74.6 percent for the baseline period (April 2008) to 75.7 percent during the 2008 enforcement campaign (May 19-June 1, 2008).  Enforcement was conducted by both state and local police through saturated enforcement and checkpoints. A total of 20,538 safety belt citations and 484 child restraint citations were given during the two-week enforcement period around Memorial Day in 2008. This compares to 22,846 safety belt citations in 2007.  The telephone survey showed that drivers had heard publicity about the campaign (most often on television) with an increase in the perceived likelihood of receiving a ticket for not wearing a seat belt. The most common slogans drivers had heard were “Click it or Ticket.” or “Buckle up Kentucky. It’s the Law and it’s Enforced.”  The numbers of total, fatal, and injury crashes (as well as the number of fatalities and injuries) in 2008 were lower than the average of the previous three years.  The observational surveys showed that the publicity and associated enforcement of the primary enforcement law did result in an increase in usage.
Variable Quasi Periodic Oscillations during an outburst of the transient X-ray pulsar XTE J1858+034
Creators: name: Mukherjee, U.
name: Bapna, S.
name: Raichur, H.
name: Paul, B.
name: Jaaffrey, S. N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the Quasi Periodic Oscillation (QPO) properties of the transient accreting X-ray pulsar XTE J1858+034 during the second outburst of this source in April-May 2004. We have used observations made with the Proportional Counter Array (PCA) of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) during May 14-18 2004, in the declining phase of the outburst. We detected the presence of low frequency QPOs in the frequency range of 140--185 mHz in all the RXTE-PCA observations. We report evolution of the QPO parameters with the time, X-ray flux, and X-ray photon energy. Though a correlation between the QPO centroid frequency and the instantaneous X-ray flux is not very clear from the data, we point out that the QPO frequency and the one day averaged X-ray flux decreased with time during these observations. We have obtained a clear energy dependence of the RMS variation in the QPOs, increasing from about 3% at 3 keV to 6% at 25 keV. The X-ray pulse profile is a single peaked sinusoidal, with pulse fraction increasing from 20% at 3 keV to 45% at 30 keV. We found that, similar to the previous outburst, the energy spectrum is well fitted with a model consisting of a cut-off power law along with an iron emission line.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures and 1 table. Accepted in Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy
Coherent tunneling and quantum coherence oscillations at the atomic level
Creators: name: Grigorescu, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of the quantum wave packet describing an atom trapped in the surface-tip junction of the scanning tunneling microscope is investigated by using the time-dependent Schroedinger equation, and by a quasi-classical Hamiltonian approach. The estimates concern a Xe atom in a biased double-well junction potential. The exact treatment shows that quantum coherence oscillations of the metastable ground state may occur at particular resonant values of the bias voltage. The effect of decoherence by partial localization is studied within the quasi-classical frame.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Improving Company Valuations with Automated Knowledge Discovery, Extraction and Fusion
Creators: name: Weichselbraun, Albert
name: Kuntschik, Philipp
name: Hörler, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.1; H.3.3; J.4

description: Performing company valuations within the domain of biotechnology, pharmacy and medical technology is a challenging task, especially when considering the unique set of risks biotech start-ups face when entering new markets. Companies specialized in global valuation services, therefore, combine valuation models and past experience with heterogeneous metrics and indicators that provide insights into a company's performance. This paper illustrates how automated knowledge discovery, extraction and data fusion can be used to (i) obtain additional indicators that provide insights into the success of a company's product development efforts, and (ii) support labor-intensive data curation processes. We apply deep web knowledge acquisition methods to identify and harvest data on clinical trials that is hidden behind proprietary search interfaces and integrate the extracted data into the industry partner's company valuation ontology. In addition, focused Web crawls and shallow semantic parsing yield information on the company's key personnel and respective contact data, notifying domain experts of relevant changes that get then incorporated into the industry partner's company data.
description: English translation of the article: "Optimierung von Unternehmensbewertungen durch automatisierte Wissensidentifikation, -extraktion und -integration". Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis 71 (5-6):1-5, https://doi.org/10.1515/iwp-2020-2119
Convergence Results of Forward-Backward Algorithms for Sum of Monotone Operators in Banach Spaces
Creators: name: Shehu, Yekini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: inclusion problem, 2-uniformly convex Banach space, forward-backward algorithm, weak convergence, strong convergence

description: It is well known that many problems in image recovery, signal processing, and machine learning can be modeled as finding zeros of the sum of maximal monotone and Lipschitz continuous monotone operators. Many papers have studied forward-backward splitting methods for finding zeros of the sum of two monotone operators in Hilbert spaces. Most of the proposed splitting methods in the literature have been proposed for the sum of maximal monotone and inverse-strongly monotone operators in Hilbert spaces. In this paper, we consider splitting methods for finding zeros of the sum of maximal monotone operators and Lipschitz continuous monotone operators in Banach spaces. We obtain weak and strong convergence results for the zeros of the sum of maximal monotone and Lipschitz continuous monotone operators in Banach spaces. Many already studied problems in the literature can be considered as special cases of this paper.
description: 24 pages
Planning the public realm: a public space framework and strategy for downtown New Westminster
Creators: name: Arishenkoff, Lilian Michelle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Public space is an integral part of every downtown centre. It forms the connective tissue which binds the downtown together and allows for human exchange and activity to occur. Successful public spaces attract potential users and keep them there. They do so by satisfying the most significant of human needs. Downtown New Westminster possesses a collection of public spaces which do not function well within the urban environment. Not only are they underused but they lack identity and linkages to one another and the surrounding community. To create a successful public realm, the Downtown requires a comprehensive public space plan. The purpose of this thesis is to present the appropriate tools necessary to accomplish this task. These tools include a public space planning framework, a series of practical guiding principles, and a planning strategy. The planning framework outlines the most significant user needs and the methods with which to achieve them. The human needs addressed include community, democratic, physical, psychological, ecological, functional and economic needs. In addition, a systems/ecological planning approach and an implementation and monitoring strategy provide the basis from which the planning strategy is developed. The practical guiding principles are derived from an analysis of the public space planning practices of San Francisco, California, Portland, Oregon and Victoria, British Columbia. They focus primarily on the approach, content and presentation of public space plans which facilitate the development of a successful public realm. Specifically, the guiding principles promote the use of a holistic planning approach, the creation of specific yet flexible directives, the need to keep public space planning active in downtown centres, and the easy interpretation and implementation of public space planning initiatives. The public space planning strategy is a plan of action designed to guide the creation of a public space plan for Downtown New Westminster. Based on the planning framework, the practical guiding principles, and the review of the Downtown and its public space planning efforts, the strategy outlines each consecutive step of the process, the tasks involved, and the agencies responsible for carrying them out. The twenty steps involved range from obtaining City support to conduct a public space plan for the Downtown to the creation and implementation of the plan itself. Together, these public space planning tools - the planning framework, the guiding principles and the strategy - form the foundation of a public space plan for the Downtown neighbourhood. If these tools are implemented in the proposed manner, it is likely that a successful public realm may be achieved.
Does rotation generate a massive string ?
Creators: name: Culetu, Hristu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of a stationary massive string endowed with intrinsic angular momentum are investigated. The spacetime is generated by an "improper" time translation combined with uniform rotation. The mass per unit length of the string is proportional to the angular velocity $ω$. The spacetime is Minkowskian geometrically but the topology is nontrivial thanks to the event horizon located on the surface $r = 0$ (similar with Rindler's spacetime) and to the deficit angle generated by rotation. The Sagnac time delay is calculated. It proves to be nonvanishing even when $ω= 0$ due to the intrinsic spin of the string.
description: 4 pages, minor changes, talk given at the XXIXth Spanish Relativity Meeting (ERE 2006), Palma de Mallorca, Spain, Sept. 4 - 8, 2006, appeared in Jour. Phys. : Conf. Ser. 66 (2007) 012055
Synchronization in semiconductor laser rings
Creators: name: Buldu, Javier M.
name: Torrent, M. C.
name: Garcia-Ojalvo, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the dynamics of semiconductor lasers coupled in a ring configuration. The lasers, which have stable output intensity when isolated, behave chaotically when coupled unidirectionally in a closed chain. In this way, we show that neither feedback nor bidirectional coupling is necessary to induce chaotic dynamics at the laser output. We study the synchronization phenomena arising in this particular coupling architecture, and discuss its possible application to chaos-based communications. Next, we extend the study to bidirectional coupling and propose an appropriate technique to optical chaos encryption/decryption in closed chains of mutually coupled semiconductor lasers.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Data Pipeline Architecture and Development for VELC onboard Space Solar Mission AdityaL1
Creators: name: Singh, Jagdev
name: Prasad, B. Raghavendra
name: Sumana, Chavali
name: Kumar, Amit
name: Kumar, Varun
name: Priyal, Muthu
name: Venkata, Suresh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ADITYA L-1 is India's first dedicated mission to study Sun and its atmosphere with Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC), a major payload on ADITYA-L1. VELC has provision to make imaging and spectroscopic observations of the corona, simultaneously. Imaging with the Field of View (FOV) from 1.05Ro to 3Ro will be done in continuum at 500nm. The spectroscopic observations of solar corona in three emission lines, namely 5303 Å [Fe XIV], 7892 Å [Fe XI], 10747 Å [Fe XIII], and Spectro-polarimetry at 10747 Å [Fe XIII] will be performed with FOV of 1.05-1.5Ro. In this work, the end-to-end data pipeline architecture and development of the VELC payload are presented. The VELC proposal submission form, satellite observation parameters, data products, level definitions, data pipeline and analysis software to process the big raw data sets obtained using VELC instruments onboard satellite to science-ready data are discussed.