cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Technoeconomic modeling of nuclear hybrid energy systems with heat storage
Creators: name: Mann, William Neal
name: 0000-0002-8299-7785
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Economic dispatch
Electricity market
Energy
Energy storage
Grid
Heat storage
Hybrid
Hydrogen
Load
Nuclear
Renewable
Solar
Technoeconomic
Thermal energy storage
Wind

description: This work seeks to quantify the technical and economic feasibility of integrating nuclear power plants with renewable energy generation and heat storage. A variety of technoeconomic models were developed for this purpose, including cash-flow based project financing models; capital cost scaling models for heat storage systems; thermodynamic models of heat storage charging, discharging, and standing losses; an electric grid unit commitment and economic dispatch model for modeling prices; and statistical models of load, wind, and solar PV at various locations for Monte Carlo market analyses. Based on the assumptions of recent market conditions in three major electricity markets in the United States, all systems evaluated would not be economically viable. Average electricity prices varied from around $25/MWh (ERCOT) to $42/MWh (Mid-Columbia) and $54/MWh (PJM). For integrating a new nuclear power plant with wind and hydrogen production, the very high capital costs of the nuclear plant led to multi-decade payback times, and the assumed cost of hydrogen at $2.50/kg was too low to justify the capital investment in the associated chemical plant. For the heat storage systems evaluated, power-related capital costs varied $1,200–2,300/kW, and energy-related capital costs ranged $36–140/kWh. Increasing the size of the power block had significant positive effects on net revenue, while increasing the size of the energy storage reservoir was generally not helpful beyond five hours of storage time. However, when considering the entire cash flow of a system beyond its operating revenue, no heat storage system had enough free cash flow to break even in the markets and scenarios analyzed, with the smallest system having the best overall economic performance. In contrast to other studies where only a single representative year of load and weather data is used, this work showed that the historical variability of those time series can lead to significant spreads in the distributions of results. Selecting a “lucky” year could yield revenue estimates three times greater than the median. However, the results were more sensitive to the capital cost assumptions than to the weather year. Integrating renewable energy generation and/or heat storage with nuclear power plants is unlikely to be economically feasible in the near term without significant changes in energy markets, significant decreases in capital costs of power turbines, or significant increases in development or operating subsidies for these system concepts.
Additional file 3 of The fruit morphometric variation and fruit type evolution of the stone oaks (Fagaceae, Lithocarpus)
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
name: Qin, Yuanyi
name: Jia, Dongrui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. The Bayesian phylogenetic trees are based on cpDNA + nrITS of 72 species.
On period, cycles and fixed points of a quantum channel
Creators: name: Carbone, Raffaella
name: Jenčová, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a quantum channel acting on an infinite dimensional von Neumann algebra of operators on a separable Hilbert space. When there exists an invariant normal faithful state, the cyclic properties of such channels are investigated passing through the decoherence free algebra and the fixed points domain. Both these spaces are proved to be images of a normal conditional expectation so that their consequent atomic structure are analyzed in order to give a better description of the action of the channel and, for instance, of its Kraus form and invariant densities.
Sound propagation in a compartment fire
Creators: name: Abbasi, Mustafa Zafar
name: 0000-0002-1574-9909
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Acoustics
Fire
PASS

description: The Personal Alert Safety System (PASS) is a device carried by firefighters to aid in rescue operations. The device relies on an audible alarm to help rescuers locate a downed firefighter. The fire creates thermal gradients, as well as randomly moving temperature gradients that affect sound propagation. This research is focused on understanding sound propagation in the presence of a fire. The problem was approached using experimental measurements, numerical modeling and analytical analysis. Results show that acoustic frequency response in a compartment fire is significantly changed when a fire is introduced. Low frequency modes increase in frequency and higher frequency modal structure weakens. Impulse responses show that acoustic energy arrives earlier, and later arrivals are shifted more than early arrivals. Numerical models confirm these results, and provide strong evidence that the effects are principally due to temperature variations. An analytic model is developed that predicts the modal frequency increase is a function of average temperature in the compartment.
Recent Exchange Rate Experience and Proposals for Reform
Creators: name: Frankel, Jeffrey A.
name: Frankel, Jeffrey A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: exchange rate
subject: foreign exchange market
subject: volatility
subject: speculation
subject: bubble
subject: McKinnon
subject: Tobin tax

description: The paper reviews the grounds for fears that foreign exchange markets are not behaving as well as they should: recent misalignments and cries, and seven sets of academic findings. (1) Exchange rate volatility is high, (2) with possible adverse effects. (3) Volatility cannot be explained by observable fundamentals, (4) and changes when the regime changes, even without a change in volatility of fundamentals. (5) Expectations appear to be biased. (6) Short-term expectations are destabilizing. And (7) the effect of changes in monetary policy on the exchange rate is drawn out over time, and is not instantaneous. The paper then reviews proposals for radical reform. Some entail "irrevocably fixed" exchange rates, some capital controls, and some formal institutions for intervention in the foreign exchange market. The conclusion is that the present system, floating, managed with occasional intervention, for all its flaws, is probably better than the alternatives.
PAGAN: Video Affect Annotation Made Easy
Creators: name: Melhart, David
name: Liapis, Antonios
name: Yannakakis, Georgios N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: How could we gather affect annotations in a rapid, unobtrusive, and accessible fashion? How could we still make sure that these annotations are reliable enough for data-hungry affect modelling methods? This paper addresses these questions by introducing PAGAN, an accessible, general-purpose, online platform for crowdsourcing affect labels in videos. The design of PAGAN overcomes the accessibility limitations of existing annotation tools, which often require advanced technical skills or even the on-site involvement of the researcher. Such limitations often yield affective corpora that are restricted in size, scope and use, as the applicability of modern data-demanding machine learning methods is rather limited. The description of PAGAN is accompanied by an exploratory study which compares the reliability of three continuous annotation tools currently supported by the platform. Our key results reveal higher inter-rater agreement when annotation traces are processed in a relative manner and collected via unbounded labelling.
description: Version accepted for International Conference on Affective Computing & Intelligent Interaction (ACII), 2019
Evolution and anti-evolution in a minimal stock market model
Creators: name: Rothenstein, R.
name: Pawelzik, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We present a novel microscopic stock market model consisting of a large number of random agents modeling traders in a market. Each agent is characterized by a set of parameters that serve to make iterated predictions of two successive returns. The future price is determined according to the offer and the demand of all agents. The system evolves by redistributing the capital among the agents in each trading cycle. Without noise the dynamics of this system is nearly regular and thereby fails to reproduce the stochastic return fluctuations observed in real markets. However, when in each cycle a small amount of noise is introduced we find the typical features of real financial time series like fat-tails of the return distribution and large temporal correlations in the volatility without significant correlations in the price returns. Introducing the noise by an evolutionary process leads to different scalings of the return distributions that depend on the definition of fitness. Because our realistic model has only very few parameters, and the results appear to be robust with respect to the noise level and the number of agents we expect that our framework may serve as new paradigm for modeling self generated return fluctuations in markets.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Framing the Trump Administration’s “Zero Tolerance” Policy: A Quantitative Content Analysis of News Stories and Visuals in US News Websites
Creators: name: Famulari, Umberto
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A quantitative content analysis was employed to study how websites of newspapers (The New York Times, Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal) and cable news (CNN, MSNBC, Fox News) framed the Trump administration’s “zero tolerance” policy in stories (N = 477) and visuals (N = 501). Overall, Attribution of responsibility was the most used frame and the news content was much more thematic then episodic, with the exception of the Human interest frame. The New York Times and the Washington Post used more frequently the Morality frame, while CNN and MSNBC had more Human interest stories and The Wall Street Journal focus more on the Economic frame. Crime was prominent only on Fox News. The visuals predominantly focused on immigrants in shelters and children stopped at the border, and they portrayed more negative than positive emotions. Fox News was the only news outlet to publish images of immigrants trying to force the border and to release more visuals of men alone. CNN and MSNBC used more frequently images of immigrants looking directly at the camera. Surprisingly, The New York Times, whose stories criticized the policy, published the lowest number of images portraying children behind bars.
Advances in Engineering Human Tissue Models
Creators: name: Moysidou, Chrysanthi-Maria
name: Barberio, Chiara
name: Owens, Róisín Meabh
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Bioengineering and Biotechnology
tissue engineering
scaffold
hydrogel
3D biology
organoid
organ-on-a-chip

description: Research in cell biology greatly relies on cell-based in vitro assays and models that facilitate the investigation and understanding of specific biological events and processes under different conditions. The quality of such experimental models and particularly the level at which they represent cell behavior in the native tissue, is of critical importance for our understanding of cell interactions within tissues and organs. Conventionally, in vitro models are based on experimental manipulation of mammalian cells, grown as monolayers on flat, two-dimensional (2D) substrates. Despite the amazing progress and discoveries achieved with flat biology models, our ability to translate biological insights has been limited, since the 2D environment does not reflect the physiological behavior of cells in real tissues. Advances in 3D cell biology and engineering have led to the development of a new generation of cell culture formats that can better recapitulate the in vivo microenvironment, allowing us to examine cells and their interactions in a more biomimetic context. Modern biomedical research has at its disposal novel technological approaches that promote development of more sophisticated and robust tissue engineering in vitro models, including scaffold- or hydrogel-based formats, organotypic cultures, and organs-on-chips. Even though such systems are necessarily simplified to capture a particular range of physiology, their ability to model specific processes of human biology is greatly valued for their potential to close the gap between conventional animal studies and human (patho-) physiology. Here, we review recent advances in 3D biomimetic cultures, focusing on the technological bricks available to develop more physiologically relevant in vitro models of human tissues. By highlighting applications and examples of several physiological and disease models, we identify the limitations and challenges which the field needs to address in order to more effectively incorporate synthetic biomimetic culture platforms into biomedical research.
Additional file 11 of The fruit morphometric variation and fruit type evolution of the stone oaks (Fagaceae, Lithocarpus)
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
name: Qin, Yuanyi
name: Jia, Dongrui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 11: Table S5. The deposition numbers of the dissected fruit samples from the herbarium specimens.
Synchrony breakdown and noise-induced oscillation death in ensembles of serially connected spin-torque oscillators
Creators: name: Zaks, Michael A.
name: Pikovsky, Arkady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider collective dynamics in the ensemble of serially connected spin-torque oscillators governed by the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert-Slonczewski magnetization equation. Proximity to homoclinicity hampers synchronization of spin-torque oscillators: when the synchronous ensemble experiences the homoclinic bifurcation, the Floquet multiplier, responsible for the temporal evolution of small deviations from the ensemble mean, diverges. Depending on the configuration of the contour, sufficiently strong common noise, exemplified by stochastic oscillations of the current through the circuit, may suppress precession of the magnetic field for all oscillators. We derive the explicit expression for the threshold amplitude of noise, enabling this suppression.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Which Boys and Which Girls Are Falling Behind? Linking Adolescents’ Gender Role Profiles to Motivation, Engagement, and Achievement
Creators: name: Yu, Junlin
name: McLellan, Ros
name: Winter, Liz
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Empirical Research
Masculinity
Femininity
Gender roles
Latent profile analysis
Motivation
Academic achievement

description: Funder: Cambridge Commonwealth, European and International Trust; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003343
description: Funder: China Scholarship Council; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004543
description: Funder: Great Britain China Centre; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000624
description: Abstract: Research on gender gaps in school tends to focus on average gender differences in academic outcomes, such as motivation, engagement, and achievement. The current study moved beyond a binary perspective to unpack the variations within gender. It identified distinct groups of adolescents based on their patterns of conformity to different gender norms and compared group differences in motivation, engagement, and achievement. Data were collected from 597 English students (aged 14–16 years, 49% girls) on their conformity to traditional masculine and feminine norms, growth mindset, perseverance, self-handicapping, and their English and mathematics performance at the end of secondary school. Latent profile analysis identified seven groups of adolescents (resister boys, cool guys, tough guys, relational girls, modern girls, tomboys, wild girls) and revealed the prevalence of each profile. Within-gender variations show that two thirds of the boys were motivated, engaged, and performed well in school. In contrast, half of the girls showed maladaptive patterns of motivation, engagement, and achievement, and could be considered academically at risk. By shifting the focus from “boys versus girls” to “which boys and which girls”, this study reveals the invisibility of well-performing boys and underachieving girls in educational gender gap research.
The World Over the Next Twenty-five Years: Global Trade Liberalization, and the Relative Growth of Different Regions
Creators: name: Frankel, Jeffrey
name: Frankel, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: long-term
subject: forecast
subject: prediction
subject: outlook
subject: growth
subject: trade integration

description: This paper examines prospective developments for the next 25 years under four headings. I. The Economic Size of Different Countries. We begin by examining the current GDP rankings, and the process whereby various countries have closed the gap in per capital income with the United States over the last 50 years. We then turn to the recent literature on convergence, factor accumulation, and total productivity growth, in explaining the superior record of the East Asian countries (including the Krugman-Young claim that mere factor accumulation explains the entire miracle, and the Summers-Easterly claim that mere chance does), before venturing predictions. II. Increases in International Trade: Will Globalization Continue? Some have concluded that countries are now so open and integrated internationally that such geographical encumbrances as borders and distance no longer play a role. If a level of perfect integration had indeed already been achieved, one might expect that over the next 25 years trade would no longer continue to grow more rapidly than income. Such a conclusion would be incorrect, however. It follows that trade will continue to grow more rapidly than income in the future. The reasons are not only the obvious ones of declining costs of transportation and communication and declining trade barriers, but also rising incomes in formerly-poor countries. III. The Impact of Trade: Will the U.S, and Europe Be Endangered by Widening Deficits? The paper forecasts that the problem of the Japan-U.S. trade imbalance will probably vanish by the year 2020, as the result of financial implications rather than of deliberate trade policies. We then discuss the trend in the trade balances of Europe and the U.S., vs. Developing Countries, and the debate on the causes of stagnation in demand for labor. Trade does not appear to be the major cause of stagnation. IV. Bilateral Patterns: Who Will Trade with Whom? Clearly, trade will grow the most rapidly where economies grow the most rapidly, especially among NICs in East Asia and elsewhere. But we also look at the effects of distances, common languages, political federations and their dissolution, preferential trading arrangements, and currency unions.
MOESM1 of French national survey of dog and cat owners on the deworming behaviour and lifestyle of pets associated with the risk of endoparasites
Creators: name: Roussel, Clarisse
name: Drake, Jason
name: Ariza, Juan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Text S1. French translation of the abstract.
Currency Crashes in Emerging Markets: Empirical Indicators
Creators: name: Frankel, Jeffrey A.
name: Rose, Andrew K.
name: Frankel, Jeffrey A.
name: Rose, Andrew K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: exchange rate
subject: developing
subject: panel
subject: data
subject: debt
subject: composition
subject: macroeconomic

description: We use a panel of annual data for over one hundred developing countries from 1971 through 1992 to characterize currency crashes. We define a currency crash as a large change of the nominal exchange rate that is also a substantial increase in the rate of change of nominal depreciation. We examine the composition of the debt as well as its level, and a variety of other macroeconomic factors, external and foreign. Crashes tend to occur when: output growth is low; the growth of domestic credit is high; and the level of foreign interest rates is high. A low ratio of FDI to debt is consistently associated with a high likelihood of a crash.
CKM matrix and FCNC suppression in $SO(5) \times U(1) \times SU(3)$ gauge-Higgs unification
Creators: name: Funatsu, Shuichiro
name: Hatanaka, Hisaki
name: Hosotani, Yutaka
name: Orikasa, Yuta
name: Yamatsu, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) mixing matrix and flavor-changing neutral currents (FCNC's) in the quark sector are examined in the GUT inspired $SO(5) \times U(1) \times SU(3)$ gauge-Higgs unification in which the 4D Higgs boson is identified with the Aharonov-Bohm phase in the fifth dimension. Gauge invariant brane interactions play an important role for the flavor mixing in the charged-current weak interactions. The CKM matrix is reproduced except that the up quark mass needs to be larger than the observed one. FCNC's are naturally suppressed as a consequence of the gauge invariance, with a factor of order $10^{-6}$. It is also shown that induced flavor-changing Yukawa couplings are extremely small.
description: 36 pages, comment on brane interactions is added
Additional file 3 of Emodin inhibits invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via regulating autophagy-mediated degradation of snail and β-catenin
Creators: name: Qin, Binyu
name: Zeng, Zhili
name: Xu, Jianliang
name: Shangwen, Jing
name: Ye, Zeng Jie
name: Wang, Shutang
name: Wu, Yanheng
name: Peng, Gongfeng
name: Wang, Qi
name: Gu, Wenyi
name: Tang, Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3.
Rhotana melichari Zelazny & Webb 2011
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Rhotana
Rhotana melichari

description: Key to the species of the Rhotana melichari species group (males)
 1. Forewings with 3 large black marks in cells adjacent to hind margin (Fig. 214f)................. R. triplex sp. nov., p. 81
- Forewings without these prominent black marks............................................................. 2
2. Forewings with apex of Cu1 meeting hind margin at an angle of about 70° (Fig. 211f)............................... 3
 - Forewings with apex of Cu1 meeting hind margin at an angle of about 40° (Fig. 213f)............ R. sectator sp. nov., p. 81
 3. Apical part of male aedeagus with a ventral pointed process (Figs. 212m, o); male genital styles with a rod-like inner process near ventral margin (Fig. 212i)...................................................... R. melichari sp. nov., p. 80
 - Apical part of male aedeagus with a rounded process, curved to the right (Figs. 211m, o); male genital styles without an inner, rod-like process (Fig. 211i).......................................................... R. luteola sp. nov., p. 79
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on page 79
Kochen-Specker Obstruction for Position and Momentum Using a Single Degree of Freedom
Creators: name: Myrvold, Wayne C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that, given a reasonable continuity assumption regarding possessed values, it is possible to construct a Kochen-Specker obstruction for any coordinate and its conjugate momentum, demonstrating that at most one of these two quantities can have a noncontextual value.
description: This version replaces v1, which contained a faulty continuity conditon
The pH Dependence of Ultrafast Charge Dynamics in Graphene Oxide Dispersions
Creators: name: Kime, Georgia
name: Zhou, Kai-Ge
name: Hardman, Samantha J. O.
name: Nair, Rahul R.
name: Novoselov, Konstantin Sergeevich
name: Andreeva, Daria V.
name: Binks, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pH dependence of emission from graphene oxide is believed to be due to the protonation of surface functional groups. In this study we use transient absorption spectroscopy to study the sub-picosecond charge dynamics in graphene oxide over a range of pH values, observing dynamics consistent with an excited state protonation step for pH < 9.3. The timescale of this process is ~ 1.5 ps, and a corresponding change in recombination dynamics follows. A broad photo-induced absorption peak centred at 530 nm associated with excited state protonation is also observed.
Single Spin Dynamics and Decoherence in a Quantum Dot via Charge Transport
Creators: name: Engel, Hans-Andreas
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spin dynamics of a quantum dot with a spin-1/2 ground state in the Coulomb blockade regime and in the presence of a magnetic rf field leading to electron spin resonances (ESR). We show that by coupling the dot to leads, spin properties on the dot can be accessed via the charge current in the stationary and non-stationary limit. We present a microscopic derivation of the current and the master equation of the dot using superoperators, including contributions to decoherence and energy shifts due to the tunnel coupling. We give a detailed analysis of sequential and co-tunneling currents, for linearly and circularly oscillating ESR fields, applied in cw and pulsed mode. We show that the sequential tunneling current exhibits a spin satellite peak whose linewidth gives a lower bound on the decoherence time T_2 of the dot-spin. Similarly, the spin decoherence can be accessed also in the cotunneling regime via ESR induced spin flips. We show that the conductance ratio of the spin satellite peak and the conventional peak due to sequential tunneling saturates at the universal conductance ratio of 0.71 for strong ESR fields. We describe a double-dot setup which generates spin dependent tunneling and acts as a current pump (at zero bias), and as a spin inverter which inverts the spin-polarization of the current. We show that Rabi oscillations of the dot-spin induce coherent oscillations in the time-dependent current. These oscillations are observable in the time-averaged current as function of ESR pulse-duration, and they allow one to access the spin coherence directly in the time domain. We analyze the measurement and read-out process of the dot-spin via currents in spin-polarized leads and identify measurement time and efficiency by calculating the counting statistics, noise, and the Fano factor.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 7: of A mixed methods evaluation of an integrated adult mental health service model
Creators: name: Beere, Diana
name: Page, Imogen
name: Diminic, Sandra
name: Harris, Meredith
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Examples of stakeholder comments on barriers to service integration at Floresco. (DOCX 39 kb)
title: Jahrbuch 2023
Creators: name: Deutsche Akademie Der Naturforscher Leopoldina
Publisher: name: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft Stuttgart
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Halle (Saale) / Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina / Jubiläum <2002>
subject: Berichtsjahr 2023
subject: Jahresversammlung
subject: Gesetz(e): Regeln der Wirklichkeit – Regeln für die Wirklichkeit
subject: Bericht des Präsidenten
subject: Veranstaltungsberichte
subject: Tätigkeitsfelder
subject: Frühgeschichte der Akademie
subject: Chronologie
subject: Bücherverluste um 1945
subject: 000

description: Das Jahrbuch enthält den Bericht des Präsidenten der Akademie für das Jahr 2023. Außer über die Jahresversammlung zum Thema „Gesetz(e): Regeln der Wirklichkeit – Regeln für die Wirklichkeit“, die eine weitgefassten Gesetzesbegriff unter mannigfaltigen Perspektiven verschiedener Fächer diskutierte, berichtet der Band über eine Anzahl von Veranstaltungen der Sektionen und anderen Struktureinheiten der Akademie, die ein vielfältiges wissenschaftliches Programm im zurückliegenden Jahr widerspiegeln. Es enthält eine Zusammenstellung aller durchgeführten Veranstaltungen, die Hinweise auf weiterführende Inhalte bietet. Diese sind in der Internetversion der Publikation direkt aufrufbar. Die Satzung der Akademie ist in der deutschen und englischen Sprache dokumentiert und wird durch die im Jahr 2023 veränderte Wahlordnung in beiden Versionen vervollständigt. Die Dokumentation des Wirkens der Akademie wird durch Beiträge zur Frühgeschichte der Akademie und zu den Bücherverlusten der Leopoldina-Bibliothek in der Zeit um 1945 sowie die übliche historische Chronologie ergänzt.
description: Jahrbuch, vol. 69.2023
Intertemporal Price Speculation and the Optimal Current-Account Deficit: Reply and Clarification
Creators: name: Obstfeld, Maurice
name: Obstfeld, Maurice
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: current account
subject: terms of trade
subject: intertemporal models of the current account

description: In the model of Obstfeld (1983), a country hurt by a temporary shift in its terms of trade, whether the shift is infinitesimal or not, always runs a temporary current-account deficit. Temporary rises in relative export prices always cause surpluses in the model. This note derives these results within an analysis that clarifies how temporary terms-of-trade shocks affect the consumption-based real interest rate on external debt and, hence, the current account.
The Economics of Corruption in Less Developed Countries: A Review of Issues
Creators: name: Bardhan, Pranab
name: Bardhan, Pranab
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: speed money
subject: centralized collection
subject: multiple equilibria

description: In this paper we start with a discussion of some of the different denotations of the problem of corruption. We then consider the ways in which the damaging consequences of corruption operate in the economy, while not ignoring its possible redeeming features in some cases. We pursue the question of why corruption is perceptibly so different in different societies and also so persistent. Finally, we examine the feasible policy issues that arise.
Efficiency, Equity and Poverty Alleviation: Policy Issues in Less Developed Countries
Creators: name: Bardhan, Pranab
name: Bardhan, Pranab
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: redistribution
subject: targeting
subject: disadvantaged groups

description: In this paper we start by noting that policies that help growth by improving allocational efficiency may also help the poor. We then go on to consider cases where in view of serious agency costs and coordination problems (particularly involving processes in credit and insurance markets) there may be a great deal of scope for trying redistributive projects which at the same time enhance productive efficiency, contrary to the message of efficiency-equity trade-off central to mainstream policy economics. In this context we discuss the efficiency effects of asset distribution programs like land reform. We then examine the merits and costs of targeting transfers aimed at improving their cost-effectiveness, including issues of self-selection by the poor and of targeting disadvantaged groups and backward areas. Finally, we discuss governance structures and focus on the role of.self-governing institutions at the local level in improving efficiency and equity in poverty alleviation.
Rhotana luteola Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Rhotana
Rhotana luteola

description: Rhotana luteola Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Fig. 211)
 Description. Forewings broad, 1.7 times longer than wide, length about 4.1 mm. Colour stramineous, tip of clypeus and fore legs tinted with red. Forewings not powdered; faintly yellow-brown, interrupted by colourless areas; short infuscated bands across middle and apex of Cu, as well as across first and second subcostal sectors; fainter, poorly defined marks lining apical parts of Cu1 and Ms1b; veins stramineous, costal and apical margins tinted with orange. Hindwings colourless. Carinae of vertex and face separated; rostrum long, labium surpasses hind coxae by about one half of its length; subantennal processes and lateral carinae of pronotum well developed. Forewings with apical part of Sc slightly sinuate; Sc+R fork at middle of wing; Ms1 branches near apex of basal median cell; a large triangle at base of Ms1; Ms1b connected to apical part of Cu1 by a short cross-vein; at junction with this cross-vein Cu1 deflected by nearly 90°, and apical part of Cu1 nearly perpendicular to longitudinal axis of wing. Male genitalia with pygofer narrow; anal segment without ventral processes. Genital styles slightly widening towards end; proximal dorsal process large and wide, distal dorsal process elongated, no process attached to the inner ventral margin. Aedeagus with stem slender, slightly widening before apical part; apical part elongated, ending in a short rounded process, curved to the right; two additional short, rounded processes on the dorsal side near the end.
 Etymology. The species name is a Latin adjective (luteolus, -a, -um = yellowish).
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 4.1 mm), PAPUA NEW GUINEA: NEW IRELAND; labels: 1) NEW IRELAND (SW)/ "Camp Bishop"/ 12 km up Kait R./ 240m, VII-7-1956 2) E.J. Ford, Jr./ Collector (BPBM).
 Distribution. New Ireland.
 Diagnosis. Rhotana luteola resembles R. sectator sp. nov. from Papua. It can be distinguished by the deflected apical part of Cu 1 in the forewings, by the male genital styles lacking a needle-shaped process on its inner, ventral side, and by the terminal curved process of the male aedeagus.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on pages 79-80
Functional Liftings of Vectorial Variational Problems with Laplacian Regularization
Creators: name: Vogt, Thomas
name: Lellmann, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a functional lifting-based convex relaxation of variational problems with Laplacian-based second-order regularization. The approach rests on ideas from the calibration method as well as from sublabel-accurate continuous multilabeling approaches, and makes these approaches amenable for variational problems with vectorial data and higher-order regularization, as is common in image processing applications. We motivate the approach in the function space setting and prove that, in the special case of absolute Laplacian regularization, it encompasses the discretization-first sublabel-accurate continuous multilabeling approach as a special case. We present a mathematical connection between the lifted and original functional and discuss possible interpretations of minimizers in the lifted function space. Finally, we exemplarily apply the proposed approach to 2D image registration problems.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures; accepted at the conference "Scale Space and Variational Methods" in Hofgeismar, Germany 2019
Additional file 5 of Inhibition of AKT induces p53/SIRT6/PARP1-dependent parthanatos to suppress tumor growth
Creators: name: Zhang, Yizheng
name: Zhang, Chuchu
name: Li, Jiehan
name: Jiang, Meimei
name: Guo, Shuning
name: Yang, Ge
name: Zhang, Lingling
name: Wang, Feng
name: Yi, Shiqi
name: Wang, Jiangang
name: Fu, Yang
name: Zhang, Yingjie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S4. a The mutation type and rate of p53. b The mutation sites of p53. c, d The expression of PARP1 (c) and SIRT6 (d) in tumor tissue and normal tissue, according to online datasets.
Modeling population dynamics based on experimental trials with genetically modified (RIDL) mosquitoes
Creators: name: Natiello, Mario A.
name: Solari, Hernán G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92D10, 92D25

description: Recently, the RIDL-SIT technology has been field-tested for control of Aedes aegypti. The technique consists of releasing genetically modified mosquitoes carrying a "lethal gene". In 2016 the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) recommend to their constituent countries to test the new technologies proposed to control Aedes aegypti populations. However, issues concerning effectiveness and ecological impact have not been thoroughly studied so far. In order to study these issues, we develop an ecological model compatible with the information available as of 2016. It presents an interdependent dynamics of mosquito populations and food in an homogeneous setting. Mosquito populations are described in an stochastic compartmental setup in terms of reaction norms depending on the available food in the environment. The development of the model allows us to indicate some critical biological knowledge that is missing and could (should) be produced. Hybridisation levels, release numbers during and after intervention and population recovery time after the intervention as a function of intervention duration and target are calculated under different hypotheses with regard to the fitness of hybrids and compared with two field studies of actual interventions. The minimal model should serve as a basis for detailed models when the necessary information to construct them is produced. For the time being, the model shows that nature will not clean the non-lethal introgressed genes.
description: 39 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Redrawing the 1994 Far, Costs and Returns Survey List Frame Sample to Reduce its Overlap with the 1993 FCRS and Three other Major 1994 Surveys
Creators: name: Perry, Charles R.
name: Burt, Jameson C.
name: Iwig, William C.
name: Perry, Charles R.
name: Burt, Jameson C.
name: Iwig, William C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Respondent Burden
subject: Multiple Selection
subject: Cross-classification
subject: Sample Coordination.

description: This report describes the Five Stage Algorithm used by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) to redraw the 1994 Farm Costs and Returns Survey (FCRS) list frame sample. This algorithm was devised to reduce the number of farm and ranch operators in the FCRS sample that are also in other major surveys’ samples. It decreased the number of operators in the 1994 FCRS sample that were also in one or more of the four other major surveys from 4,338 to 1,982 (a decrease of 54 percent). It decreased the number of operators in the 1994 FCRS sample that were also in the previous year’s FCRS sample from 369 to 14 (a decrease of 96 percent). It increased the number of operators in the 1994 FCRS sample that were not in any of the four other major surveys from 6,114 to 8,470 (an increase of 39 percent). We recommend caution when using this procedure, for example, using it on Ag surveys across years, or using presampling.
Difficulties in Obtaining Weak Phases from $b\to d$ Penguin Decays
Creators: name: Datta, Alakabha
name: Kim, C. S.
name: London, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine a recent proposal for obtaining βusing the measurements of the b -> d penguin decays B_d(t) -> K^0 \kbar and B_s(t) -> ϕK_S, along with a theoretical assumption. We show that there are in fact three assumptions one can make, so that the method can in principle be used to extract α, βor γ. We also show that it is the assumption which yields γwhich is the best. However, the theoretical error on this assumption is still 25-30%, which leads to an error on γof at least 20-25%. Given our current understanding of hadronic physics, it does not seem possible to reduce this error.
description: 14 pages, LaTeX, no figures. Paper shortened slightly; some additional explanations included; conclusions unchanged
Loved and feared: citizens’ ambivalence towards free movement in the European Union
Creators: name: Lutz, Philipp
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The right of citizens to live and work in any member state is a foundational pillar of the European Union. The views of EU citizens on free movement are characterized by a puzzle: the border-free Europe is seen as the most important achievement of European integration but also appears as a main driver of Euroscepticism. In this article, I argue that this is because of a tension between citizens’ own mobility rights and the mobility rights of citizens from other EU countries. This idea of ambivalence towards free movement is tested with observational data and a survey experiment across 28 EU countries. The results suggest that many citizens hold ambivalent views towards free movement due to a tension between the value of one’s own mobility and the fear of immigration. Their effective support depends on the relative salience of inward and outward mobility. This finding has important implications for the public support of international integration more generally.
Additional file 4 of The fruit morphometric variation and fruit type evolution of the stone oaks (Fagaceae, Lithocarpus)
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
name: Qin, Yuanyi
name: Jia, Dongrui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Matching the fruit type to the phylogenetic tree proposed by Yang et. al (2018). Based on the cpDNA + nrITS phylogenetic tree (Fig. 2a) by Yang et al, AC and ER type species were represented by red circles and blue triangles after the species name respectively. The species with unidentified fruit type was not labelled.
Genetics of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Candidate Gene Studies
Creators: name: Pope, Daniel H.
name: Davies, Benjamin M.
name: Mowforth, Oliver D.
name: Bowden, A. Ramsay
name: Kotter, Mark R. N.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: genetics
single nucleotide polymorphism
degenerative cervical myelopathy
ossification posterior longitudinal ligament
severity
surgery

description: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is estimated to be the most common cause of adult spinal cord impairment. Evidence that is suggestive of a genetic basis to DCM has been increasing over the last decade. A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and HuGENet databases from their origin up to 14th December 2019 to evaluate the role of single genes in DCM in its onset, clinical phenotype, and response to surgical intervention. The initial search yielded 914 articles, with 39 articles being identified as eligible after screening. We distinguish between those contributing to spinal column deterioration and those contributing to spinal cord deterioration in assessing the evidence of genetic contributions to DCM. Evidence regarding a total of 28 candidate genes was identified. Of these, 22 were found to have an effect on the radiological onset of spinal column disease, while 12 genes had an effect on clinical onset of spinal cord disease. Polymorphisms of eight genes were found to have an effect on the radiological severity of DCM, while three genes had an effect on clinical severity. Polymorphisms of six genes were found to have an effect on clinical response to surgery in spinal cord disease. There are clear genetic effects on the development of spinal pathology, the central nervous system (CNS) response to bony pathology, the severity of both bony and cord pathology, and the subsequent response to surgical intervention. Work to disentangle the mechanisms by which the genes that are reviewed here exert their effects, as well as improved quality of evidence across diverse populations is required for further investigating the genetic contribution to DCM.