cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Numerical Solution of the Filtering Problem
Creators: name: Han, Wang
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: We are rarely able to fully and directly observe many phenomena which are crucial to our daily lives. However, it is often the case that certain partial information on the phenomena of interest is available together with a mathematical model of it. The general question that one is interested in this case is what inferences can be done on the phenomena based on the partial data and the prior assumptions. In general, the evolution of the real life phenomena is a (partially observed) dynamical system. This naturally leads us to the area of stochastic filtering, which is defined as the estimation of dynamical systems whose trajectory is modelled by a stochastic process called the signal, given the information accumulated from its partial observation. Various applications of the problem include the control of engineering systems, data assimilation in meteorology, volatility estimation in financial markets, computer vision and vehicle tracking. A massive scientific and computational effort is dedicated to the development of various tools for approximating the solution of the filtering problem. In this thesis, we cover several topics related to the numerical approximation of the solution of the filtering problem. The first topic is related to Sequential Monte Carlo methods, or particle filters. Here we analyse the bias resulting from such approximations. We then study the filtering problem associated to the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross model. This model is ubiquitous in many financial applications as it describes the evolution of interest rates. The third topic is related to the projection filter. We first provide a local convergence result and then propose a way to generalize it to a global result. The thesis also contains results related to the stability of the filtering solution and the Navier-Stokes equation.
The reliance on fossil fuel energy sources in the Scottish public sector
Creators: name: Idundun, Ebiyon Okpetoritse
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Despite increasing reports of predicted consequences of climate change from burning of fossil fuel (FF) energy sources for example wildfires, tropical storms, sea level rise, loss of ice, and long periods of draught, FFs remain the principal source of energy consumption. Scotland’s significant progress in decarbonisation efforts within the United Kingdom (UK) context coupled with the acceptance and publicity of the public sectors key role in the delivery of net-zero societies brings the Scottish public sector into focus. The purpose of the research is to explore reliance and attitudes to FF energy sources by Scottish public sector bodies in a bid to co-create an optimised stakeholder driven framework for sector bodies to reduce FF use. The research was exploratory in nature and utilised an inductive approach to develop an understanding of the FF reliance phenomenon through a mixed method study. A systematic search of literature using The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach revealed a lack of publications focused on reducing public sector FF emissions. Consolidating findings from a case study to establish carbon footprint (CF) baseline, analysis of emissions reported by sector bodies to the Scottish Government, and semi-structured interviews with public sector actors, results in the concept of a framework to address the phenomenon based on a joined-up approach between public sector bodies and the Scottish Government to reduce FF reliance. The proposed framework resulting from the mixed method research represents the first known framework for addressing FF reliance, one that Scottish public sector bodies can adopt for planning and decision making in relation to FF use and reporting. The research discusses the implications of FF reliance for public sector bodies, highlighting the need for measuring and reporting FF sources and emissions, and facilitates the deepening of knowledge on the topic of FF reliance.
Asilus oelandicus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Asilidae
Asilus
Asilus oelandicus

description: Asilus oelandicus [spec. nov.]
A. ater nudus, alis nigris, femoribus halteribusque ferrugineis.
Fn. svec. 1037.
It. oeland. 155.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 606, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Projected rotational velocities of WD1614+136 and WD1353+409 - implications for the rate of galactic Type Ia supernovae
Creators: name: Maxted, P. F. L.
name: Marsh, T. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The white dwarf stars WD1614+136 and WD1353+409 are not sufficiently massive to have formed through single star evolution. However, observations to date have not yet found any evidence for binarity. It has therefore been suggested that these stars are the result of a merger. In this paper we place an upper limit of approximately 50kms on the projected rotational velocities of both stars. This suggests that, if these stars are the results of a merger, efficient angular momentum loss with accompanying mass loss must have occurred. If the same process occurs following the merging of more massive white dwarf stars, the predicted rate of Type Ia supernovae due to merging white dwarfs may have been greatly over-estimated. Further observations to determine binarity in WD1614+136 and WD1353+409 are therefore encouraged.
description: 3 pages. 1 figure
La vie de saint Grégoire, traduction allemande d'Ingrid Kasten, 1991 (Gregorius Digital F1)
Creators: name: Kasten, Ingrid
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Ce fichier PDF contient une traduction allemande d'Ingrid Kasten de la « Vie de saint Grégoire », d'après la version en ligne de l'édition « La vie du pape Saint Grégoire ou la légende du bon pécheur. Das Leben des heiligen Papstes Gregorius oder die Legende vom guten Sünder», München, Fink, « Klassische Texte des romanischen Mittelalters in zweisprachigen Ausgaben, 29 », 1991, p. 32-302, avec le récit du Bon Pécheur et est édité dans le cadre du projet Gregorius Digital sous le sigle F1 (dir. Peter Andersen – ARCHE UMR 3400 – Université de Strasbourg)
Oral history interview with Robert P. White 1975
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Executives
Containers
Sales management
Consolidation and merger of corporations
Sealing (Technology)
International business enterprises

description: Military service in World War II; salesman for White Cap Company; specialization in cap manufacture; 1940s pinhole problem in baby foods; acquisition by Continental Can in 1956; formation of Bond Crown-White Cap Division; White Cap autonomy within corporate structure; Hazel-Atlas fiasco; vice president and general manager of White Cap Division; research and development; international markets.
The evolution of sedimentary systems on Mars, and implications for climate in the Hesperian-Amazonian epochs
Creators: name: Goddard, Kate
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Alluvial deposits within Martian impact craters are sensitive morphologic records of modification by liquid water, and can help constrain past climate conditions. This study explores the evolution of Late Hesperian-Amazonian-age sedimentary deposits within two craters, Mojave and Eberswalde. For Mojave crater, the evolution of intracrater alluvial fan systems and the climatic context are poorly understood. Analysis of stratigraphic relationships between the fans and crater infill suggests that precipitation which formed the systems was temporally closely associated with the impact process. Regional mapping of youthful fluvial features within a ~300 km radius of Mojave supports a genetic link between the impact event and precipitation, due to dense clustering around the crater. Analysis of five additional Late Hesperian-Amazonian craters, which also contain evidence for catchment-fan formation by precipitation, shows similar clustering of fluvial activity. Two mechanisms of water production are suggested to have formed the features observed: (a) localised impact-induced precipitation due to impact plume-related atmospheric effects, and (b) a regional snowpack which melted locally due to impact-induced heating. Eberswalde crater contains multiple sedimentary systems sourced from channels which breach the crater rim, and the depositional system as a whole is poorly understood. Mapping of rocks with differing characteristics within the second largest depositional system, and reconstruction of stratigraphic architecture, shows that the deposit records backstepping of putative deltaic lobe sedimentary bodies. The observed sedimentary architecture is best explained by a net transgression, likely caused by lake level rise through time. This behaviour is not recorded within the best-studied and largest Eberswalde deposit likely due to subsequent burial by progradational lobes. In addition, planform evolution of sinuous channels within the largest Eberswalde deposit is investigated, and mapped chute cutoffs are suggested as implying that overbank flooding occurred.
Scalar perturbations in cosmological $f(R)$ models: the cosmic screening approach
Creators: name: Akarsu, Ozgur
name: Brilenkov, Ruslan
name: Eingorn, Maxim
name: Shulga, Valerii
name: Zhuk, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate cosmological perturbations for nonlinear $f(R)$ models within the cosmic screening approach. Matter is considered both in the form of a set of discrete point-like massive bodies and in the form of a continuous pressureless perfect fluid. We perform full relativistic analysis of the first-order theory of scalar perturbations for arbitrary nonlinear $f(R)$ models and demonstrate that scalar potentials $Φ(t,\mathbf{r})$ and $Ψ(t,\mathbf{r})$ are determined by a system of only two master equations. Our equations are applicable at all spatial scales as long as the approximation $δR/\bar R \ll 1$ (which is usually assumed in studies devoted to cosmological perturbations in $f(R)$ models) works.
description: 7 pages, no figures and tables; matches the version published in EPJC
Screening in (2+1)D pure gauge theory at high temperatures
Creators: name: Laermann, E.
name: Legeland, C.
name: Petersson, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute heavy quark potentials in pure gauge $SU(3)$ at high temperatures in $2+1$ dimensions and confront them with expectations emerging from perturbative calculations.
description: 3 pages, latex, 4 figures, uu, Contribution to LATTICE 94
Make Your Computational Analysis Citable
Creators: name: Almarzouq, Batool
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: useR!
open science
Zenodo
version control
R
DOI
analysis
Saudi Arabia's 2030 vision

description: Although there are overwhelming resources about licencing and citation for R software packages, there's less attention paid to making non-package (data science) code in R citable. Academics and researchers who want to embrace Open Science practices are mostly unaware of how to make their R code citable before publishing in academic journals and what kind of licence they may use to protect the intellectual property of their work. This 4 minutes talk was presented in useR!2021 Conference. It describes how R code/analysis can be made citable. There is also a blog post associated with the talk here.
Gravitational wave echoes from strange stars
Creators: name: Mannarelli, Massimo
name: Tonelli, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been claimed, with a $4.2 σ$ significance level, that gravitational wave echoes at a frequency of about $72$ Hz have been produced in the GW170817 event. The merging of compact stars can lead to the emission of gravitational waves echoes if the post-merger object features a photon-sphere capable of partially trapping the gravitational waves. If the post-merger source is a black hole, a second internal reflection surface, associated to quantum effects near the black hole horizon, must be present to avoid the gravitational wave capture. Alternatively, gravitational wave echoes can be produced by ultracompact stars crossing the photon-sphere line in the mass-radius diagram during the neutron star merging. In this case, the second reflection surface is not needed. A recently proposed preliminary analysis using an incompressible (and so unphysical) equation of state suggests that gravitational wave echoes at a frequency of tens of Hz can be produced by an ultracompact star. Since strange stars are extremely compact, we examine the possibility that strange stars emit gravitational wave echoes at such a frequency. Using parameterized models of the equation of state of ultra-stiff quark matter we find that a strange star can emit gravitational wave echoes, but the corresponding frequencies are of the order of tens of kHz, thus not compatible with the $72$ Hz signal.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, improved discussion, added references, accepted for publication in PRD
Extreme air-sea interactions over the Gulf Stream
Creators: name: Parfitt, Rhys
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: The ocean carries more heat poleward than the atmosphere at low latitudes, whilst the reverse occurs at high latitudes. In the Northern Hemisphere, the largest ocean-atmosphere heat fluxes occur over the Gulf Stream, suggesting that an ocean-atmosphere “relay” is active at mid-latitudes. This thesis is concerned with the significance of the extremes in air-sea heat fluxes over the Gulf Stream. In the first research chapter, the direct interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere is examined in the ERA-Interim dataset. Based on Lagrangian trajectory calculations, the most extreme air-sea heat flux events are found to be associated entirely with air of continental origin. The subsequent heat gain in the overlying air is caused almost completely by surface heat fluxes. For average air-sea heat fluxes, the associated air is both continental and maritime in origin, with a noticeable contribution to the heat content of the air parcels from entrainment at the top of the boundary layer. The second research chapter determines the causes for variations in surface heat flux in the ERA-Interim dataset. Roughly 90% of the time, one observes a baroclinic waveguide of varying strength over the Gulf Stream, setting the intensity of the air-sea heat exchange and the mean state in precipitation and tropospheric wind divergence. A potential mechanism whereby a change in sea-surface temperature gradient could cause an alteration of these mean patterns is discussed. Finally, the link between sea-surface temperature gradients and atmospheric fronts is explored in model simulations. A smoothing in the sea-surface temperature gradient is found to broadly reduce front intensity over the Gulf Stream. Increases in front intensity are shown to be consistent with a thermal damping mechanism. A significant effect is also observed on the regional precipitation and tropospheric vertical velocity, as well as on the direction of frontal propagation.
Electrical detection of surface plasmon polaritons via the plasmon drag effect
Creators: name: Lupi, Antonio
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: This thesis concerns the measurement and characterization of the Surface Plasmon Drag Effect (SPDE) in metallic structures and its application to the electrical detection of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). We demonstrate that SPPs absorbed in a metallic structure generate an electric current, which polarity depends on the propagation direction of the absorbed SPP, without the need of any applied voltage. We investigate the effect in gold and silver thin films of different thickness and on various metallic bilayers, which are deposited on right angle prisms and hemispheres to allow coupling of light to SPP through the Kretschmann-Raether configuration. We then simultaneously measure the angular spectrum of the reflected light and the electric current generated by the effect. The accuracy of the experiment allow us to determine the effect efficiency and thus to quantitatively compare different samples. In an attempt to clarify the mechanism giving rise to the current generation, we compare our experiments with existing models of the Photon Drag Effect (PDE). This is a similar phenomenon mediated by photon absorption where the current is the result of momentum transfer from the photon to conduction electrons. We find that the model qualitatively predicts our results and thus SPDE can be interpreted as the result of quasimomentum transfer from SPPs to the electrons, but care must be taken for considering the prediction of the model quantitatively. In addiction, we discovered that the effect shows local efficiency enhancement and even change of the current polarity in the presence of films with defects. Those results suggest a different interpretation to previous literature results and overall deepen the understanding of the phenomenon. A clear comprehension of the mechanisms leading to current generation is crucial for designing future applications in sensing and photonic circuitry. Despite the low efficiency in the visible range, in fact, this effect can be attractive since it promises to have an ultrafast response, to retain its sensitivity at longer wavelengths and has the peculiar ability of sensing the propagation direction of the SPP.
Additional file 15 of lncRNA-PLACT1 sustains activation of NF-κB pathway through a positive feedback loop with IκBα/E2F1 axis in pancreatic cancer
Creators: name: Ren, Xiaofan
name: Chen, Changhao
name: Luo, Yuming
name: Liu, Mingyang
name: Li, Yuting
name: Zheng, Shangyou
name: Ye, Huilin
name: Fu, Zhiqiang
name: Li, Min
name: Li, Zhihua
name: Chen, Rufu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 15: Table S4. The possible TFO and TTS predicted for PLACT1 and IκBα promoter.
Seismic Full Waveform Inversion of Wrapped and Unwrapped Phase
Creators: name: Shah, Nikhil
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a highly promising but far from robust and stable optimisation for computing the subsurface velocity model from seismic data acquired with long offsets and low frequencies. Mathematically, it solves the non-linear problem of matching model-predicted data to observed data with an iterative localised minimisation of the misfit. Therefore it is necessarily restricted by the need for an accurate starting model. In this thesis, we look at being able to relax the constraints on the starting model in FWI, obtain lower wavenumber updates from FWI, and in the process distinguish between adequate and inadequate starting models. Our approach here is to precede the conventional Born-based iterations with Rytov-based iterations which isolate discrete frequency phase. Here the misfit function being minimised is the norm of the phase residual which measures the difference in phase between observed and predicted data. Our treatment of the phase residual differs from previous work in two specific ways: i) we define the time-weighted phase residual, ii) we unwrap the residual thereby accounting for errors greater than half a cycle or “cycle-skipped”. Previous work did (i) using the Laplace-Fourier domain i.e. using an exponential function. Here we use a more versatile time window which prepares the residual for (ii). Previous work in the context of FWI did not attempt (ii) at all. We find it is the combination of (i) and (ii) that provides the solution we are looking for. In this thesis we formulate the theory for inverting the time-weighted phase residual. We find this mismatch measure meets the requirement of being able to distinguish between adequate and inadequate starting models. Finally, we demonstrate that an “unwrapped” solution deals with the latter. The unwrapped solution is shown to correctly invert cycle-skipped data and successfully update longer wavelengths than possible with conventional inversion when wide-angle data is available. This leads to a multi-scale approach which ends with conventional inversion but begins with phase-unwrapped inversion at the lowest useable frequency. It finds the global minimum solution to the full wavefield inverse problem down to a depth governed by the offset range of the survey using only a simple starting model.
Polyakov's spin factor and new algorithms for efficient perturbative computations in QCD
Creators: name: Karanikas, A. I.
name: Ktorides, C. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polyakov's spin factor enters as a weight in the path-integral description of particle-like modes propagating in Euclidean space-times, accounting for particle spin. The Fock-Feynman-Schwinger path integral applied to QCD accomodates Polyakov's spin factor in a natural manner while, at the same time, it identifies Wilson line (loop) operators as sole agents of interaction dynamics among matter and gauge field quanta. A direct application of such a separation between spin content and dynamics is the emergence of master expressions for the perturbative series involving either open or closed fermionic lines which provide new, comprehensive approaches to perturbative QCD.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Characterization of catastrophic flood-related features in the English Channel
Creators: name: Oggioni, Francesca
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Megaflood flows are global-scale phenomena that can have a significant impact on Earth's landscapes and climate. The low frequency occurrence of these events prevents their direct observation. The analysis of ancient megaflood terrains and bedform associations are the primary resources for the understanding of catastrophic flows. Previous studies have proposed the palaeo-channel network present at the English Channel seafloor to have been carved by catastrophic flows. This thesis investigates the origin of the English Channel palaeovalley network, testing the hypothesis of its catastrophic formation and aiming to reconstruct the relative timing and magnitude of the events that formed the palaeo-channel system. Seismic reflection data reveal the presence of depressions up to 100 m-deep carved into bedrock at the proposed spill-point. New high-resolution bathymetric data show kilometre-scale channels and associated erosional bedforms that extends for more than 200 kilometres from the Dover Strait to the Central English Channel. The stratigraphic and geomorphologic analyses indicate the observed features are similar to other flood-generated features from other well-established megaflood terrains on Earth. The quantitative characterisation of the bedforms presented in this work, together with interpretation of cross-cutting relationships of the mapped erosional surfaces, allow for the reconstruction of the relative history of the catastrophic events that carved the palaeovalley network and led to the separation of Britain from Europe through the breaching of the rock ridge present at the Dover Strait. The detailed interpretation of the 100 m-deep bedrock depressions located at the proposed breach point allows for a reconstruction of the rapid erosion of the Dover Strait. Geomorphologic analyses of the palaeo-channel network and its associated bedforms and relation to bedrock geology are presented in this work thanks to available high-resolution bathymetry and seismic reflection data. Finally, the magnitude of the palaeo-flows, estimated through palaeo-hydraulic calculations, gives further evidence of the catastrophic nature of the flows. The proposed model and relative history of the English Channel megaflood is presented in agreement with palaeo-geographic and palaeontological studies previously carried out in the study area, contributing to the reconstruction of the Pleistocene palaeo-geography of north-western Europe.
Bombylius Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Bombylius

description: Bombylius [gen. nov.]
Os Rostro porrecto, setaceo, longissimo, bivalvi: valvulis horizontalibus intra quas aculei setacei.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 606, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Swift Observations of the bright uncatalogued X-ray transient MAXI J1535-571
Creators: name: Tao, Lian
name: Chen, YuPeng
name: Gungor, Can
name: Huang, Yue
name: Lu, FangJun
name: Qu, JinLu
name: Song, LiMing
name: Zhang, Liang
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Zhang, ShuangNan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The black hole candidate MAXI J1535-571 is a recently discovered X-ray transient. We report on the monitoring observations of Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission during outburst. The source transits from the hard state to the intermediate state, and reaches the soft state; near the end of the outburst, it returns to the hard state passing through the low intermediate state, following a typical Q-shaped loop in the hardness-intensity diagram. During the high intermediate state, detailed spectral analyses using a multi-temperature disk model reveal that the disk luminosity is flatter than the inner disk temperature to the fourth power, and the disk temperature profile varies as the disk radius raised to the power of -0.5, consistent with the behavior of a slim disk, implying that the disk structure has been modified due to the high luminosity of ~ 10^{39} erg/s. Meanwhile, the column density increases with the Eddington ratio, suggesting that the outflow matters are driven by radiation pressure due to the high accretion rate.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The role of matrix metalloproteinases in leukocyte migration and collagen degradation in tuberculosis
Creators: name: Sathyamoorthy, Tarangini
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Tuberculosis (TB) causes disease worldwide and multi-drug resistance is rising. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) cause immunopathological lung matrix destruction, which results in transmission, morbidity and mortality. Collagen is the primary structural fibril of the lung and I primarily studied two collagenases: secreted MMP-8, and membrane bound MMP-14, and also the stromelysin MMP-10, which activates not only MMP-8 but another collagenase MMP-1. Human monocyte and macrophages were stimulated with Mtb H37Rv, BCG, ESAT-6 peptides or Conditioned Media from Mtb infected monocytes (CoMTb). MMP concentrations were measured by Luminex bead array and ELISA. Gene expression was quantified by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry was performed on biopsies. Flow cytometry quantified MMP-14 expression. Fluorescent microscopy detected MMP-14 and monocyte driven fluorescent collagen degradation. Monocyte migration was measured by the agarose spot assay. MMP-8 was increased in the plasma in TB compared to both respiratory symptomatics and controls (both p<0.001). MMP-10 was increased in the respiratory secretions of patients with TB compared to controls (p<0.05). Mtb drove up to a 31.5 fold increase in MMP-10 secretion from macrophages (both p<0.001). Mtb caused 3.5 fold more MMP-10 secretion from macrophages than BCG (p<0.001) and a specific peptide from ESAT-6 drove MMP-10 secretion from macrophages. In induced sputum, MMP-14 mRNA was increased 3.3-fold in TB compared to controls and positively correlated with infiltration on chest radiograph (both p<0.05). Macrophages of TB granulomas in biopsies stained strongly positive for MMP-14. Mtb increased monocyte MMP-14 surface expression 31.7-fold (p<0.05) and CoMTb 17.5-fold (p<0.01). Mtb infected monocytes degraded collagen, with co-localised MMP-14 surface expression. Monocytes migrated to the edge of CoMTb impregnated agarose drops, expressing MMP-14 on migration. Inhibition of MMP-14 activity with a neutralising antibody, decreased Mtb driven collagen degradation by 73% (p< 0.001) and CoMTb driven monocyte migration by 44% (p<0.001). These data shows that, MMP-1, -8, -10 and -14 cause immunopathology and regulate leukocyte migration in TB.
title: Закономерности формирования механических свойств аморфно-нанокристаллических металлических сплавов, обработанных лазерными импульсами наносекундной длительности
title: Монография
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Сафронов И.С.
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2019

description: Монография предназначена для научных исследований по выявлению механических свойств поверхности аморфно-нанокристаллической структуры в результате лазерной обработки. В издании рассмотрены современные требования к материалам на основе металлических консолидированных аморфизированных структур, проблемы их применения и изучения механических свойств. Монография включает в себя основные научные подходы к получению аморфных-нанокристаллических структур, методологию изучения механических свойств поверхности подобных структур после воздействия на них лазерного импульса различной длительности. Основная часть представлена практическими исследованиями с использованием современного оборудования и программного обеспечения для выявления причин формирования механических свойств, а также возможностей их применения. Материал работы будет полезен студентам, аспирантам, преподавателям и исследователям, работающим в области изучения способов формирования свойств металлов, сплавов, неупорядоченных металлических (аморфизированных) систем.
Pytrec_eval: An Extremely Fast Python Interface to trec_eval
Creators: name: Van Gysel, Christophe
name: de Rijke, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce pytrec_eval, a Python interface to the tree_eval information retrieval evaluation toolkit. pytrec_eval exposes the reference implementations of trec_eval within Python as a native extension. We show that pytrec_eval is around one order of magnitude faster than invoking trec_eval as a sub process from within Python. Compared to a native Python implementation of NDCG, pytrec_eval is twice as fast for practically-sized rankings. Finally, we demonstrate its effectiveness in an application where pytrec_eval is combined with Pyndri and the OpenAI Gym where query expansion is learned using Q-learning.
description: SIGIR '18. The 41st International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research & Development in Information Retrieval
The Development of modelling tools for railway switches and crossings
Creators: name: Coleman, Ian
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Network Rail records indicate that approximately 24% of the total track maintenance and renewal budgets are spent on railway switches and crossings (S&C), which account for only 5% of the total main line track mileage. S&C complexities also introduce a degree of risk, which must be adequately managed to ensure a safe and reliable network. In recent years, risk mitigation fell short, resulting in some high profile incidents at S&C. A recent derailment investigation uncovered knowledge gaps within the UK rail industry, including the understanding of S&C degradation. This PhD research project was therefore initiated to investigating modelling tools for S&C wheel-rail interaction and degradation. A new wheel-rail contact detection routine has been developed and validated using existing software and a novel experimental technique using thermal imagery. Existing techniques were then integrated to enable the prediction of normal and tangential contact stresses whilst also simulating wear accumulation. To improve accuracy for long-term S&C damage, a combined tool for assessing non-Hertzian normal contact stresses and multiple modes of S&C degradation was sought. A novel 2.5D boundary element model capable of simulating wheel-rail contact detection, surface and sub-surface elastic and elastic-plastic stress analysis and dynamic material response is presented. Superior computational effort is also achieved, illustrating further the feasibility of such an approach. To conclude, a three-dimensional dynamic finite element model of a railway wheel passing through a cast manganese crossing has also been developed. For the first time, a tool capable of simulating both dynamic contact forces and corresponding plastic material response has been used to discover flaws within existing designs of UK cast manganese crossings. This approach has enabled immediate recommendations for asset improvement to be provided to Network Rail and gives the UK rail industry more scientific insight into the optimal design of railway crossings.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.3 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Cart. 168 (11 H 66), f. 0071v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2010
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.3 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 168 (11 H 66), f. 0071v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.3 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 168 (11 H 66), f. 0071v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Foot and ankle blast injury and its mitigation
Creators: name: Newell, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: The improvised explosive device (IED) has been the characteristic weapon of conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Under-vehicle explosions result in rapid floor deformation, transmitting short duration, high amplitude loading to the occupant’s foot and ankle. Current operational vehicles are subjected to full-scale explosions to assess the level of protection they offer their occupants. The decision to pass or fail a vehicle design is made through assessing the axial force transmitted through the lower extremity of a ‘dummy’ which has been designed to behave like a human. This thesis investigates the ability of combat boots to reduce the severity of injuries during under-vehicle explosions. Both experimental and numerical techniques were used to gain a better understanding of the behaviour of the combat boot under high rate loading. Initially, drop rig experiments were conducted to assess the shock absorbing capacity of the two combat boot designs most commonly used by UK troops. Following on, more complex experiments were conducted using an anti-vehicle under-belly injury simulator (AnUBIS) which was designed, developed and characterised to simulate floor displacement during an under-vehicle explosion. AnUBIS was used to compare the response of cadaveric specimens against two dummy designs; the Hybrid-III and the MiL-Lx. The MiL-Lx was found to be more biofidelic than the Hybrid-III. Finite element models of both the MiL-Lx and a combat boot were developed and used to investigate the sensitivity of the materials and geometry of the combat boots in reducing the force transmitted to the MiL-Lx during an under-vehicle explosion. Finally, two commercially available blast mat designs were assessed using AnUBIS and both the MiL-Lx and Hybrid-III. The two ATDs ranked the mats in the same order; however, the percentage reduction in peak force was different. The experimental and numerical approach used in this thesis has developed a greater understanding of both the biofidelity of current ATDs and the capacity of current mitigating technologies. This approach can be used to develop and assess mitigation technologies for use in future conflicts where under-vehicle explosions are a significant threat.
Bombylius major Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Bombylius
Bombylius major

description: Bombylius major [spec. nov.]
B. alis semi-nigris. Fn. svec. 1119.
Mouff. ins. 64. f. 5.
Aldr. ins. 350. f. 10.
Raj. ins. 273.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 606, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Hadron Properties just before Deconfinement
Creators: name: Boyd, G.
name: Gupta, Sourendu
name: Karsch, F.
name: Laermann, E.
name: Petersson, B.
name: Redlich, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated hadron screening masses, the chiral condensate, and the pion decay constant close to the deconfinement phase transition in the confined phase of QCD. The simulations were done in the quenched approximation, on a lattice of size \mbox{$32^{3}\times 8$}. We examined temperatures ranging from $0.75\tc$ up to $0.92\tc$. We see no sign of a temperature dependence in the chiral condensate or the meson properties, but some temperature dependence for the nucleon screening mass is not excluded.
description: Postscript file, uuencoded compressed
Magnetic and structural properties of molecular films, blends and nanostructures based on cobalt phthalocyanines
Creators: name: Serri, Michele
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Organic semiconductors are a class of materials based on conjugated molecules which has been the subject of intensive research in the past two decades for applications in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic thin film transistors (OTFT), photovoltaic cells, sensors and optical amplifiers/lasers. These molecular materials have recently become of interest for spintronic applications, since long spin relaxation times and magnetoresistance have been experimentally measured in these systems. The properties of organic materials can be easily manipulated and combined in novel ways, while their molecular nature paves the way for devices that operate at a single molecule/single spin level and really approach the ultimate limit of the atomic scale. In order to exploit the full potential of organic spintronics, it is essential to increase the temperatures at which the spin effects can be observed. This thesis is concerned with the development of novel organic magnetic materials, which could be of interest for spintronic devices operating above cryogenic temperatures. The work focuses on organic thin films and other nanostructures containing cobalt phthalocyanine and its derivatives. It is shown that some forms of these compounds, in particular alpha-CoPc, exhibit antiferromagnetic spin correlations above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen (77 K), suggesting that phthalocyanine materials may be suitable for high temperature organic spintronic applications.
Additional file 15 of lncRNA-PLACT1 sustains activation of NF-κB pathway through a positive feedback loop with IκBα/E2F1 axis in pancreatic cancer
Creators: name: Ren, Xiaofan
name: Chen, Changhao
name: Luo, Yuming
name: Liu, Mingyang
name: Li, Yuting
name: Zheng, Shangyou
name: Ye, Huilin
name: Fu, Zhiqiang
name: Li, Min
name: Li, Zhihua
name: Chen, Rufu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 15: Table S4. The possible TFO and TTS predicted for PLACT1 and IκBα promoter.
Development of a nanopore-based biosensor embedded into a microfluidic channel
Creators: name: Dogan, Fatma
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Single molecule sensing using solid-state nanopores has sparked tremendous interest within the last decade, whether it be electrical or optical detection of biomolecules, their complexes or binding kinetics. Therefore, the main focus of this thesis was on developing a nanopore biosensor integrated into a microfluidic channel for in-flow electrochemical detection of DNA at single molecule level. By constituting such a compact planar device, nanopores can potentially be turned into future lab-on-chip biosensors with a capability of in-flow single molecule detection. Two different types of nanopore materials were initially fabricated; a novel ultra thin PI membrane and SiN, and characterized in terms of nanopore conductance and electric noise. An alternative approach to locally and gradually thin SiN nanopores using Reactive Ion Etch technique was also presented with detailed fabrication, optimization and characterization steps. DNA translocation using polymer and thinned SiN nanopores was shown at the end of each fabrication chapter. On account of their compatibility with microfluidic integration, SiN nanopore chip was compacted into a PDMS microfluidic channel for the purpose of creating potential single molecule detection capabilities under continuous flow conditions. The introduction of flow to the nanopore system is important, because it would ideally bring the benefit of simultaneous electrochemical detection of biological entities in flow, where the idea of lab-on-chip biosensing devices is built upon. To characterize the rheological properties of DNA and flow characteristics, optical experiments were carried out using Confocal Microscopy and Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. The effect of flow rate on the basics of nanopore detection (e.g. nanopore conductance and noise) was discussed, and investigated experimentally. Last, DNA translocation in the absence and the presence of flow was studied as a proof-of-principle. The investigation of detection capability of the integrated device using the chosen flow rates sets the basics for the future applications of nanopore-integrated microfluidic systems (e.g. on-nanopore chip capillary electrophoresis).
Additional file 2: of The moderate predictive value of serial serum CRP and PCT levels for the prognosis of hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia
Creators: name: Shuren Guo
name: Xiaohuan Mao
name: Liang, Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S2. Comparisons of biomarkers characteristics within pneumonia patients infected by different pathogens. (DOCX 15Â kb)
Bombylius medius Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Bombylius
Bombylius medius

description: Bombylius medius [spec. nov.]
B. alis fusco punctatis.
Pet. gaz. t. 36. f. 5.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 606, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Broadening of the QCD3 flux tube from the AdS/CFT correspondence
Creators: name: Greensite, J.
name: Olesen, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the finite temperature AdS/CFT approach to demonstrate logarithmic broadening of the confining QCD3 flux tube as a function of quark separation. This behavior indicates that, unlike lattice QCD, there is no roughening transition in the AdS/CFT formulation, which raises the interesting possibility of extrapolating strong coupling results to weak couplings by the use of resummation techniques. In the zero-temperature non-confining limit, we find that this logarithmic broadening of the field strength distribution is absent. Our results are obtained numerically at strong couplings, in the supergravity approximation.
description: 19 pages, LaTex, 10 figures. Version to appear in JHEP