cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lane and Road Marking Detection with a High Resolution Automotive Radar for Automated Driving
Creators: name: Feng, Zhaofei
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019
Subjects: Lane Detection
Automotive Radar
Machine Learning
Segmentation
Reflector
Road Marking

description: Die Automobilindustrie erlebt gerade einen beispiellosen Wandel, und die Fahrerassistenz und das automatisierte Fahren spielen dabei eine entscheidende Rolle. Automatisiertes Fahren System umfasst haupts\"achlich drei Schritte: Wahrnehmung und Modellierung der Umgebung, Fahrtrichtungsplanung, und Fahrzeugsteuerung. Mit einer guten Wahrnehmung und Modellierung der Umgebung kann ein Fahrzeug Funktionen wie intelligenter Tempomat, Notbremsassistent, Spurwechselassistent, usw. erfolgreich durchf\"uhren. F\"ur Fahrfunktionen, die die Fahrpuren erkennen m\"ussen, werden gegenw\"artig ausnahmslos Kamerasensoren eingesetzt. Bei wechselnden Lichtverh\"altnissen, unzureichender Beleuchtung oder bei Sichtbehinderungen z.B. durch Nebel k\"onnen Videokameras aber empfindlich gest\"ort werden. Um diese Nachteile auszugleichen, wird in dieser Doktorarbeit eine \glqq Radar\textendash taugliche\grqq{} Fahrbahnmakierungerkennung entwickelt, mit der das Fahrzeug die Fahrspuren bei allen Lichtverh\"altnissen erkennen kann. Dazu k\"onnen bereits im Fahrzeug verbaute Radare eingesetzt werden. Die heutigen Fahrbahnmarkierungen k\"onnen mit Kamerasensoren sehr gut erfasst werden. Wegen unzureichender R\"uckstreueigenschaften der existierenden Fahrbahnmarkierungen f\"ur Radarwellen werden diese vom Radar nicht erkannt. Um dies zu bewerkstelligen, werden in dieser Arbeit die R\"uckstreueigenschaften von verschiedenen Reflektortypen, sowohl durch Simulationen als auch mit praktischen Messungen, untersucht und ein Reflektortyp vorgeschlagen, der zur Verarbeitung in heutige Fahrbahnmakierungen oder sogar f\"ur direkten Verbau in der Fahrbahn geeignet ist. Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt dieser Doktorarbeit ist der Einsatz von K\"unstliche Intelligenz (KI), um die Fahrspuren auch mit Radar zu detektieren und zu klassifizieren. Die aufgenommenen Radardaten werden mittels semantischer Segmentierung analysiert und Fahrspurverl\"aufe sowie Freifl\"achenerkennung detektiert. Gleichzeitig wird das Potential von KI\textendash tauglichen Umgebungverstehen mit bildgebenden Radardaten aufgezeigt.
The Smoluchowski Ensemble: Statistical Mechanics of Aggregation
Creators: name: Matsoukas, Themis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a rigorous thermodynamic treatment of irreversible binary aggregation. We construct the Smoluchowski ensemble as the set of discrete finite distributions generated from the same initial state of all monomers upon fixed number merging events and define a probability measure on this ensemble such that the mean distribution in the mean-field approximation is governed by the Smoluchowski equation. In the scaling limit this ensemble gives rise to a set of relationships completely analogous to those of familiar statistical thermodynamics. The central element of the thermodynamic treatment is the selection functional, a functional of feasible distributions that connects the probability of distribution to the specific details of the aggregation model. We obtain scaling expressions for general kernels and closed-form results for the special case of the constant, sum and product kernel. We study the stability of the most probable distribution, provide criteria for the sol-gel transition and obtain the distribution in the post-gel region by simple thermodynamic arguments.
description: Revised manuscript
Besier, Gerhard: Bekenntnis, Widerstand, Martyrium
Creators: name: Oettingen, Alexander Von
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 36 Nr. 2 (1987): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 36, Heft 2
Recipes for Oscillon Longevity
Creators: name: Olle, Jan
name: Pujolas, Oriol
name: Rompineve, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oscillons are localized states of scalar fields sustained by self interactions. They decay by emitting classical radiation, but their lifetimes are surprisingly large. We revisit the reasons behind their longevity, aiming at how the shape of the scalar potential $V(ϕ)$ determines the lifetime. The corpuscular picture, where the oscillon is identified with a bound state of a large number of field quanta, allows to understand lifetimes of order of $10^3$ cycles in generic potentials. At the non-perturbative level, two properties of the scalar potential can substantially boost the lifetime: the flattening of $V(ϕ)$ and the positivity of $V''(ϕ)$. These properties are realized in the axion monodromy family of potentials. Moreover, this class of models connects continuously with an exceptional potential that admits eternal oscillon solutions. We check these results with a new fast-forward numerical method that allows to evolve in time to stages that cannot be otherwise simulated on a computer. The method exploits the attractor properties of the oscillons and fully accounts for nonlinearities. We find lifetimes up to $10^{14}$ cycles, but larger values are possible. Our work shows that oscillons formed in the early Universe can be stable on cosmological time scales and thus contribute to the abundance of (ultra)light scalar dark matter.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures. v2: references added, typos corrected, further clarifications added
Assessing membership projection errors in star forming regions
Creators: name: Roland, Timothé
name: Boily, Christian M.
name: Cambrésy, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young stellar clusters harbour complex spatial structures emerging from the star formation process. Identifying stellar over-densities is a key step to constrain better how these structures are formed. The high accuracy of distances derived from Gaia DR2 parallaxes yet do not allow to locate with certainty individual stars within clusters of size $\approx 1\, \rm{pc}$. In this work, we explore how such uncertainty in distance estimates can lead to the misidentification of membership of sub-clusters selected by the minimum spanning tree (MST) algorithm. Our goal is to assess how this impacts their estimated properties. Using N-body simulations, we build Gravity-Driven Fragmentation (GDF) models that reproduce self-consistently the early stellar configurations of a star forming region. Stellar groups are then identified both in 3- and 2-dimensions by the MST algorithm, representing respectively an ideal and an inaccurate identification. We compare the properties derived of these resulting groups, to assess the systematic bias introduced by projection and incompleteness. We show that in such fragmented configurations, the dynamical mass of groups identified in projection is systematically underestimated compared to those of groups identified in 3D. This systematic error is statistically of $50\%$ for more than half of the groups and reach $100\%$ in a quarter of them. Adding incompleteness further increases this bias. These results challenge our ability to identify accurately sub-clusters in most nearby star forming regions where distance estimate uncertainties are comparable to the size of the region. New clump finding methods have to tackle this issue in order to define better the dynamical state of these substructures.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Lepton distribution as a probe of new physics in production and decay of the t quark and its polarization
Creators: name: Godbole, Rohini M.
name: Rindani, Saurabh D.
name: Singh, Ritesh K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibilities of studying new physics in various processes of t-quark production using kinematical distributions of the secondary lepton coming from decay of t quarks. We show that the angular distributions of the secondary lepton are insensitive to the anomalous tbW vertex and hence are pure probes of new physics in a generic process of t-quark production. The energy distribution of the lepton is distinctly affected by anomalous tbW couplings and can be used to analyze them independent of the production process of t quarks. The effects of t polarization on the distributions of the decay lepton are demonstrated for top-pair production process at a gamma-gamma collider mediated by a heavy Higgs boson.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, uses axodraw.sty (included), references added. v3 to appear in Journal of High Energy Physics. Incorporates minor changes in the discussion on radiative corrections which do not affect the results. Typo in reference corrected
Topological Bifurcations and Reconstruction of Travelling Waves
Creators: name: Oblak, Blagoje
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is devoted to periodic travelling waves solving Lie-Poisson equations based on the Virasoro group. We show that the reconstruction of any such solution can be carried out exactly, regardless of the underlying Hamiltonian (which need not be quadratic), provided the wave belongs to the coadjoint orbit of a uniform profile. Equivalently, the corresponding "fluid particle motion" is integrable. Applying this result to the Camassa-Holm equation, we express the drift of particles in terms of parameters labelling periodic peakons and exhibit orbital bifurcations: points in parameter space where the drift velocity varies discontinuously, reflecting a sudden change in the topology of Virasoro orbits.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures. v2: Added minor clarifications on saddle-node bifurcations
Bringing the welcome home: One section's efforts at incorporating AAPT's diversity and inclusion practices
Creators: name: Dreyfuss, Bree Barnett
name: Marasco, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While AAPT and many other physics organizations have been introducing a series of effective practices around diversity and inclusion at the national level in recent years, it was wondered if these were being adopted at the local level. It is hoped that section members and Section Representatives will decide to further expand the actions of national leadership to make their own section meeting more inclusive. In order to assess if this was in fact the case, a survey on diversity practices that have been used the the national level and can be implemented at the section level was sent to AAPT's Section Reps mailing list in the spring of 2018, with a follow-up survey in winter 2020. Feedback in both cycles suggested that a guide for section leadership would be useful. The Northern California/Nevada section has made progress in implementing some of the effective practices from the national meetings into our local section meetings, we share these efforts in the hope that they assist our fellow sections.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Islamic Formula of Future Value of Asset
Creators: name: Naqvi, Imran Haider
name: Naveed, Zainab
Publisher: name: University of Turin - Italy
Year: 2015
Subjects: Future Value of Asset, Islam

description: Increasing price of an asset being sold on credit is a common practice of Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) and certain retailers using formulas of compound interest (Riba) and speculation (Maysir). As Islam prohibits both these both concepts, relevant literature was qualitatively probed to find Shariah compliant mechanism for setting future value of an asset being sold on credit negating Riba and Maysir. The study thus extracted a formula from authentic Shariah sources and presented it quantitatively as an alternate to abandon the conventional formulas of interest and speculation. It further contributed recommendations for credit sellers and buyers in the light of Shariah principles and possible future research.
description: European Journal of Islamic Finance, No 3 (2015): EJIF - European Journal of Islamic Finance, 3, 2015
Superconductivity in the three-band model of cuprates: nodal direction characteristics and influence of intersite interactions
Creators: name: Zegrodnik, M
name: Biborski, A
name: Fidrysiak, M.
name: Spałek, J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-band Emery model is applied to study the selected principal features of the $d$-$wave$ superconducting phase in the copper-based compounds. The electron-electron correlations are taken into account by the use of the diagrammatic expansion of the Guztwiller wave function (DE-GWF) method. The nodal Fermi velocity, Fermi momentum and effective mass are all determined in the paired state and show relatively good agreement with the available experimental data, as well as with the corresponding single-band calculations. Additionally, the influence of the next-nearest neighbor oxygen-oxygen hopping and intersite Coulomb repulsion terms on the superconducting phase is analyzed.
Generic Security Proof of Quantum Key Exchange using Squeezed States
Creators: name: Poels, Karin
name: Tuyls, Pim
name: Schoenmakers, Berry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, a Quantum Key Exchange protocol that uses squeezed states was presented by Gottesman and Preskill. In this paper we give a generic security proof for this protocol. The method used for this generic security proof is based on recent work by Christiandl, Renner and Ekert.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, accepted at IEEE ISIT 2005
Stationary models of magnetized viscous tori around a Schwarzschild black hole
Creators: name: Lahiri, Sayantani
name: Gimeno-Soler, Sergio
name: Font, José A.
name: Mejías, Alejandro Mus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C57, 83C55

description: We present stationary solutions of magnetized, viscous thick accretion disks around a Schwarzschild black hole. We assume that the tori are not self-gravitating, are endowed with a toroidal magnetic field, and obey a constant angular momentum law. Our study focuses on the role of the black hole curvature in the shear viscosity tensor and in their potential combined effect on the stationary solutions. Those are built in the framework of a causality-preserving, second-order gradient expansion scheme of relativistic hydrodynamics in the Eckart frame description which gives rise to hyperbolic equations of motion. The stationary models are constructed by numerically solving the general relativistic momentum conservation equation using the method of characteristics. We place constraints in the range of validity of the second-order transport coefficients of the theory. Our results reveal that the effects of the shear viscosity and curvature are particularly noticeable only close to the cusp of the disks. The surfaces of constant pressure are affected by viscosity and curvature and the self-intersecting isocontour - the cusp - moves to smaller radii (i.e. towards the black hole horizon) as the effects become more significant. For highly magnetized disks the shift in the cusp location is smaller. Our findings might have implications on the dynamical stability of constant angular momentum tori which, in the inviscid case, are affected by the runaway instability.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, some comments and references are added, version accepted for publication in PRD
Too big, too small or just right? A benchmark assessment of density functional theory for predicting the spatial extent of the electron density of small chemical systems
Creators: name: Hait, Diptarka
name: Liang, Yu Hsuan
name: Head-Gordon, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multipole moments are the first order responses of the energy to spatial derivatives of the electric field strength. The quality of density functional theory (DFT) prediction of molecular multipole moments thus characterizes errors in modeling the electron density itself, as well as the performance in describing molecules interacting with external electric fields. However, only the lowest non-zero moment is translationally invariant, making the higher order moments origin-dependent. Therefore, instead of using the $3 \times 3$ quadrupole moment matrix, we utilize the translationally invariant $3 \times 3$ matrix of second cumulants (or spatial variances) of the electron density as the quantity of interest (denoted by $\mathcal{K}$). The principal components of ${\mathcal{K}}$ are the square of the spatial extent of the electron density along each axis. A benchmark dataset of the prinicpal components of ${\mathcal{K}}$ for 100 small molecules at the coupled cluster singles and doubles with perturbative triples (CCSD(T)) at the complete basis set (CBS) limit is developed, resulting in 213 independent ${\mathcal{K}}$ components. The performance of 47 popular and recent density functionals is assessed against this Var213 dataset. Several functionals, especially double hybrids, and also SCAN and SCAN0 yield reliable second cumulants, although some modern, empirically parameterized functionals yield more disappointing performance. The H and Be atoms in particular are challenging for nearly all methods, indicating that future functional development could benefit from inclusion of their density information in training or testing protocols.
Stability of complex networks under the evolution of attack and repair
Creators: name: Chi, L. P.
name: Yang, C. B.
name: Cai, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a simple attack and repair evolution model, we investigate and compare the stability of the Erdos-Renyi random graphs (RG) and Barabasi-Albert scale-free (SF) networks. We introduce a new quantity, invulnerability I(s), to describe the stability of the system. We find that both RG and SF networks can evolve to a stationary state. The stationary value Ic has a power-law dependence on the average degree _rg for RG networks; and an exponential relationship with the repair probability p_sf for SF networks. We also discuss the topological changes of RG and SF networks between the initial and stationary states. We observe that the networks in the stationary state have smaller average degree but larger clustering coefficient C and stronger assortativity r.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Elicitation on ergative distribution; Phrasebook editing: "food" through "counting days"
Creators: name: Rudolph, Johnny (Soni)
name: Drummond, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: nkr

description: Elicitation testing the distribution of ergative and the personal marker, as well as editing a Nukuoro phrasebook, including sections on food, health problems, parts of the body, numbers, quantities, positions, and counting days. Corresponds to page 97 in Notebook 3.
The quadrupolar phases of the S=1 bilinear-biquadratic Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice
Creators: name: Laeuchli, A.
name: Mila, F.
name: Penc, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using mean-field theory, exact diagonalizations and SU(3) flavour theory, we have precisely mapped out the phase diagram of the S=1 bilinear-biquadratic Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice in a magnetic field, with emphasis on the quadrupolar phases and their excitations. In particular, we show that ferroquadrupolar order can coexist with short-range helical magnetic order, and that the antiferroquadrupolar phase is characterized by a remarkable 2/3 magnetization plateau, in which one site per triangle retains quadrupolar order while the other two are polarized along the field. Implications for actual S=1 magnets are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, published version
SN 2014C: VLBI image shows a shell structure and decelerated expansion
Creators: name: Bietenholz, Michael F.
name: Bartel, Norbert
name: Kamble, Atish
name: Margutti, Raffaella
name: Matthews, David Jacob
name: Milisavljevic, Danny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on new Very Long Baseline Interferometry radio measurements of supernova 2014C in the spiral galaxy NGC 7331, made with the European VLBI Network ~5 yr after the explosion, as well as on flux density measurements made with the Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). SN 2014C was an unusual supernova, initially of Type Ib, but over the course of ~1 yr it developed strong H$α$ lines, implying the onset of strong interaction with some H-rich circumstellar medium (CSM). The expanding shock-front interacted with a dense shell of circumstellar material during the first year, but has now emerged from the dense shell and is expanding into the lower density CSM beyond. Our new VLBI observations show a relatively clear shell structure and continued expansion with some deceleration, with a suggestion that the deceleration is increasing at the latest times. Our multi-frequency VLA observations show a relatively flat powerlaw spectrum with $S_ν\propto ν^{-0.56 \pm 0.03}$, and show no decline in the radio luminosity since $t\sim1$ yr.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; This version corrects the typesetting of one equation and has other minor fixes
Rigorous results on the ground state of the attractive SU($N$) Hubbard model
Creators: name: Yoshida, Hironobu
name: Katsura, Hosho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the attractive SU($N$) Hubbard model with particle-hole symmetry. The model is defined on a bipartite lattice with the number of sites $N_A$ $(N_B)$ in the $A$ $(B)$ sublattice. We prove three theorems that allow us to identify the basic ground-state properties: the degeneracy, the fermion number, and the SU($N$) quantum number. We also show that the ground state exhibits charge density wave order when $|N_A-N_B|$ is macroscopically large. The theorems hold for a bipartite lattice in any dimension, even without translation invariance.
description: 14 pages
The most ordinary formation of the most unusual double black hole merger
Creators: name: Belczynski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LIGO/Virgo Collaboration reported the detection of the most massive black hole - black hole (BH-BH) merger up to date with component masses of 85 Msun and 66 Msun (GW190521). Motivated by recent observations of massive stars in the 30 Doradus cluster in the Large Magellanic Cloud (>200 Msun; e.g. R136a) and employing newly estimated uncertainties on pulsational pair-instability mass-loss (that allow for possibility of forming BHs with mass up to 90Msun) we show that it is trivial to form such massive BH-BH mergers through the classical isolated binary evolution (with no assistance from either dynamical interactions or exotica). A binary consisting of two massive (180+150 Msun) Population II stars (Z=0.0001) evolves through a stable Roche lobe overflow and common envelope episode. Both exposed stellar cores undergo direct core-collapse and form massive BHs while avoiding pair-instability pulsation mass-loss or total disruption. LIGO/Virgo observations show that the merger rate density of light BH-BH mergers (both components: <50 Msun) is of the order of 10-100 Gpc^-3 yr^-1, while GW190521 indicates that the rate of heavier mergers is 0.02-0.43 Gpc^-3 yr^-1. Our model (with standard assumptions about input physics) but extended to include 200 Msun stars and allowing for the possibility of stellar cores collapsing to 90 Msun BHs produces the following rates: 63 Gpc^-3 yr^-1 for light BH-BH mergers and 0.04 Gpc^-3 yr^-1 for heavy BH-BH mergers. We do not claim that GW190521 was formed by an isolated binary, but it appears that such a possibility can not be excluded.
description: after revision: now only 2 sigma deviation in C12 fusion rate required
Mass generation in coalescence - effects on hadron spectra
Creators: name: Peitzmann, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different scenarios for the creation of constituent mass in the hadron formation process are discussed. Effects of these may be observable in hadron momentum spectra.
description: Poster Proceedings of Quark Matter 2005, 4 pages
Exchange flow through the Burlington Ship Canal
Creators: name: Tedford, Edmund W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The currents in the Burlington Ship Canal were found to be the result of a variety of driving mechanisms. Wind driven upwelling at the western end of Lake Ontario creates a horizontal density gradient through the canal driving baroclinic currents. Wind initiated standing waves and lunar tides in Lake Ontario cause water surface gradients through the canal driving barotropic currents. The barotropic currents are also strongly affected by Helmholtz or Harbour Resonance. A water balance showed that baroclinic currents contributed more flow to the harbour than stream flow and waste water treatment plant flow, particularly during periods of intense lake upwelling. The water balance also showed that velocity observations from the Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler were 19% less than predicted by the observed changes in Hamilton Harbour water level. The influence of the side wall boundary is suspected as the source of this difference.
Bound states at the interface between antiferromagnets and superconductors
Creators: name: Andersen, B. M.
name: Bobkova, I. V.
name: Hirschfeld, P. J.
name: Barash, Yu. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed theoretical investigation of interfaces and junctions involving itinerant antiferromagnets. By solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations with a tight-binding model on a square lattice, we study both the self-consistent order parameter fields proximate to interfaces between antiferromagnets (AF) and s-wave (sSC) or d-wave (dSC) superconductors, the dispersion of quasiparticle subgap states at interfaces and interlayers, and the local density of states (LDOS) as a function of distance from the interface. In addition, we present the quasiclassical approach to interfaces and junctions involving itinerant antiferromagnets developed in an earlier paper. Analytical results are in excellent agreement with what we obtain numerically. Strong effects of pair breaking in the presence of low-energy interface Andreev states are found in particular for AF/sSC interfaces when interface potentials are not too high. Potential barriers induce additional extrema in the dispersive quasiparticle spectra with corresponding peaks in the LDOS. Discrete quasiparticle dispersive levels in AF - normal metal (N) - AF systems are found to strongly depend on the misorientation angle of the magnetizations in the two antiferromagnets.
description: 21 pp, 21 postscript figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Phrasebook editing: "ceremonies" through "food"
Creators: name: Rudolph, Johnny (Soni)
name: Drummond, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: nkr

description: Elicitation to edit a Nukuoro phrasebook, including sections on ceremonies, entertainment, and food. Corresponds to page 96 in Notebook 3.
Three Essays on Governments and Financial Crises in Developing Economies, 1870-1913
Creators: name: Bent, Peter H.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: financial crises
subject: tariffs
subject: terms of trade
subject: economic growth
subject: economic history

description: This dissertation studies the factors that contribute to the onset of financial crises (Chapter 1) and the ways that economies have recovered from crises (Chapters 2 and 3). I am specifically interested in the role that governments played in financial crises and recoveries. I focus on thirty-five peripheral economies from 1870-1913. Economic historians refer to this period as the “first era of globalization” for its high degree of in- ternational capital, trade, and labor movements. This was also an economically volatile time, with relatively frequent financial crises. Other economic variables, such as com- modity prices and tariff rates, saw significant fluctuations over this period. The turn of the twentieth century offers a rich source of data for analyzing the factors that contribute to the onset of financial crises as well as the recoveries from those crises.The first chapter studies the role that capital exports from industrial Europe played in financial crises in peripheral economies from 1880-1913. Capital flows to government- supported sectors (railways, public utilities, and banks) are found to be strongly associ- ated with crises in emerging economies at this time, highlighting the role that a negative feedback loop—between governments facing financial stress and government-supported industries—played in the onset of crises.The second chapter addresses the question of what factors drive recoveries after financial crises. I find that tariff shocks had a positive impact on GDP in post-crisis periods, while terms of trade shocks had a slightly negative impact. The tariff results are especially pronounced in temperate countries, which tended to have more advanced and diversified economies. Overall this suggests that national governments, through trade policies, played a more significant role in shaping economic outcomes during this period than is typically recognized.The third chapter builds on the second chapter by focusing on the cases of the United States and Argentina in the early 1890s, when both of these countries experienced severe financial crises. Higher commodity prices played more of a role in encouraging post-crisis economic growth than did trade policy changes in these countries over this period.
Mode Localization and Suppressed Heat Transport in Amorphous Alloys
Creators: name: Lundgren, Nicholas W.
name: Barbalinardo, Giuseppe
name: Donadio, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Glasses usually represent the lower limit for the thermal conductivity of solids, but a fundamental understanding of lattice heat transport in amorphous materials can provide design rules to beat such a limit. Here we investigate the role of mass disorder in glasses by studying amorphous silicon-germanium alloy (a-Si$_{1-x}$Ge$_x$) over the full range of atomic concentration from $x=0$ to $x=1$, using molecular dynamics and the quasi-harmonic Green-Kubo lattice dynamics formalism. We find that the thermal conductivity of a-Si$_{1-x}$Ge$_x$ as a function of $x$ exhibits a smoother U-shape than in crystalline mass-disordered alloys. The main contribution to the initial drop of thermal conductivity at low Ge concentration stems from the localization of otherwise extended modes that make up the lowest 8\% of the population by frequency. Contributions from intermediate frequency modes are decreased more gradually with increasing Ge to reach a broad minimum thermal conductivity between concentrations of Ge from $x=0.25$ to $0.75$.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Signature of the Ground-State Topology in the Low-Temperature Dynamics of Spin Glasses
Creators: name: Romá, F.
name: Bustingorry, S.
name: Gleiser, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically address the issue of how the ground state topology is reflected in the finite temperature dynamics of the $\pm J$ Edwards-Anderson spin glass model. In this system a careful study of the ground state configurations allows to classify spins into two sets: solidary and non-solidary spins. We show that these sets quantitatively account for the dynamical heterogeneities found in the mean flipping time distribution at finite low temperatures. The results highlight the relevance of taking into account the ground state topology in the analysis of the finite temperature dynamics of spin glasses.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, content changed
Comment on "Quantum key distribution for d-level systems with generalized Bell states" [Phys. Rev. A 65, 052331 (2002)]
Creators: name: Gao, Fei
name: Guo, Fenzhuo
name: Wen, Qiaoyan
name: Zhu, Fuchen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the paper [Phys. Rev. A 65, 052331(2002)], an entanglement-based quantum key distribution protocol for d-level systems was proposed. However, in this Comment, it is shown that this protocol is insecure for a special attack strategy.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Integrable systems and the boundary dynamics of higher spin gravity on AdS$_3$
Creators: name: Ojeda, Emilio
name: Pérez, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new set of boundary conditions for three-dimensional higher spin gravity with gauge group $SL(3,\mathbb{R})\times SL(3,\mathbb{R})$, where its dynamics at the boundary is described by the members of the modified Boussinesq integrable hierarchy. In the asymptotic region the gauge fields are written in the diagonal gauge, where the excitations go along the generators of the Cartan subalgebra of $sl(3,\mathbb{R})\oplus sl(3,\mathbb{R})$. We show that the entire integrable structure of the modified Boussinesq hierarchy, i.e., the phase space, the Poisson brackets and the infinite number of commuting conserved charges, are obtained from the asymptotic structure of the higher spin theory. Furthermore, its known relation with the Boussinesq hierarchy is inherited from our analysis once the asymptotic conditions are re-expressed in the highest weight gauge. Hence, the Miura map is recovered from a purely geometric construction in the bulk. Black holes that fit within our boundary conditions, the Hamiltonian reduction at the boundary, and the generalization to higher spin gravity with gauge group $SL(N,\mathbb{R})\times SL(N,\mathbb{R})$ are also discussed.
description: 28 pages, no figures. Minor corrections and references added. Matches published version
An elliptic adaptation of ideas of Carleman and Domar from complex analysis related to Levinson's log log theorem
Creators: name: Logunov, Alexander
name: Papazov, Hristo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using the three balls inequality, we adapt the elegant ideas of Carleman and Domar from complex analysis to linear elliptic PDE and generalize the classical Levinson's loglog theorem.
Evaluation of structural earthquake damage to buildings in Southwestern B.C.
Creators: name: Blanquera, Ardel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Seismic risk to the general building inventory is difficult to quantify. Risk analyses study the regional distribution of estimated damage that a building inventory will experience given a level of seismic intensity. This thesis presents a methodology for the evaluation of structural earthquake damage to buildings in Southwestern British Columbia. The steps in the risk analysis i addressed in this methodology are: (1) development of building inventory, (2) selection and application of motion-damage relationships and (3) regional distribution of damage using a geographic information system. Damage is measured as the ratio of dollar loss to replacement cost, or mean damage factor. The seismic hazard is characterized in terms of the Modified Mercalli Intensity. Only damage due to ground shaking hazard is considered. Several motiondamage relationships from prior expert opinion based studies were compared to select appropriate damage functions for use in this methodology. A case study is presented of the City of New Westminster, British Columbia. The seismic risk analyses was performed on a building inventory consisting of approximately 8,000 residential, commercial and industrial buildings. Two separate analyses were performed for comparison. The first uses a structural classification system based on 15 building types and the second is based on 31 building types. The regional distribution of results are aggregated and presented using the geographic information system, Maplnfo®.
Regular and bistable steady-state superradiant phases of an atomic beam traversing an optical cavity
Creators: name: Jäger, Simon B.
name: Liu, Haonan
name: Shankar, Athreya
name: Cooper, John
name: Holland, Murray J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the different photon emission regimes created by a preexcited and collimated atomic beam passing through a single mode of an optical cavity. In the regime where the cavity degrees of freedom can be adiabatically eliminated, we find that the atoms undergo superradiant emission when the collective linewidth exceeds the transit-time broadening. We analyze the case where the atomic beam direction is slanted with respect to the cavity axis. For this situation, we find that a phase of continuous light emission similar to steady-state superradiance is established providing the tilt of the atomic beam is sufficiently small. However, if the atoms travel more than half a wavelength along the cavity axis during one transit time we predict a dynamical phase transition to a new bistable superradiant regime. In this phase the atoms undergo collective spontaneous emission with a frequency that can be either blue or red detuned from the free-space atomic resonance. We analyze the different superradiant regimes and the quantum critical crossover boundaries. In particular we find the spectrum of the emitted light and show that the linewidth exhibits features of a critical scaling close to the phase boundaries.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Decays of Higgs Bosons in the Standard Model and Beyond
Creators: name: Choi, Seong Youl
name: Lee, Jae Sik
name: Park, Jubin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make an updated review and a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the decays of Higgs bosons in the Standard Model (SM) and its three well-defined prototype extensions such as the complex singlet extension of the SM (cxSM), the four types of two Higgs-doublet models (2HDMs) without tree-level Higgs-mediated flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) and the minimal supersymmetric extension of the SM (MSSM). We summarize the theoretical predictions for the decay widths of the SM Higgs boson and those of Higgs bosons appearing in its extensions taking account of all possible decay modes. We incorporate them to study and analyze decay patterns of CP-even, CP-odd, and CP-mixed neutral Higgs bosons and charged ones. We put special focus on the properties of a neutral Higgs boson with mass about 125 GeV discovered at the LHC and present constraints obtained from precision analysis of it. This review is intended to be self-contained and consolidated by coherently integrating relevant physics information for studying decays of Higgs bosons in the SM and beyond.
description: 101 pages, 36 figures, 14 tables; to appear in Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics; to match the published version
Light deflection by squashed Kaluza-Klein black holes in a plasma medium
Creators: name: Matsuno, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study motions of photons in an unmagnetized cold homogeneous plasma medium in the five-dimensional charged static squashed Kaluza-Klein black hole spacetime. In this case, a photon behaves as a massive particle in a four-dimensional spherically symmetric spacetime. We consider the light deflection by the squashed Kaluza-Klein black hole surrounded by the plasma in a weak-field limit. We derive corrections of the deflection angle to general relativity, which are related to the size of the extra dimension, the charge of the black hole and the ratio between the plasma and the photon frequencies.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Urban Hum: Memory Theater of the City
Creators: name: Uskokovic, Sandra
name: Bakal, Boris
Publisher: name: Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Urban Memory, Space, Hypertext, Urban Hum, Emotional Geographies, Urban Performing, Shadow Casters

description: -, 11, Journal of Urban Culture Research
Measuring the Three-Dimensional Structure of Galaxy Clusters. I. Application to a Sample of 25 Clusters
Creators: name: De Filippis, E.
name: Sereno, M.
name: Bautz, M. W.
name: Longo, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a method to constrain the intrinsic three-dimensionale shapes of galaxy clusters by combining X-Ray and Sunyaev-Zeldovich observations. The method is applied to a sample of 25 X-Ray selected clusters, with measured Sunyaev-Zeldovich temperature decrements. The sample turns out to be slightly biased, with strongly elongated clusters preferentially aligned along the line of sight. This result demonstrates that X-Ray selected cluster samples may be affected by morphological and orientation effects even if a relatively high threshold signal-to-noise ratio is used to select the sample. A large majority of the clusters in our sample exhibit a marked triaxial structure, with prolate-like shapes being slightly more likely than oblate-like ones; the spherical hypothesis is strongly rejected for most sample members. Cooling flow clusters do not show preferentially regular morphologies.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. Accepted by ApJ
Map-Adaptive Goal-Based Trajectory Prediction
Creators: name: Zhang, Lingyao
name: Su, Po-Hsun
name: Hoang, Jerrick
name: Haynes, Galen Clark
name: Marchetti-Bowick, Micol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new method for multi-modal, long-term vehicle trajectory prediction. Our approach relies on using lane centerlines captured in rich maps of the environment to generate a set of proposed goal paths for each vehicle. Using these paths -- which are generated at run time and therefore dynamically adapt to the scene -- as spatial anchors, we predict a set of goal-based trajectories along with a categorical distribution over the goals. This approach allows us to directly model the goal-directed behavior of traffic actors, which unlocks the potential for more accurate long-term prediction. Our experimental results on both a large-scale internal driving dataset and on the public nuScenes dataset show that our model outperforms state-of-the-art approaches for vehicle trajectory prediction over a 6-second horizon. We also empirically demonstrate that our model is better able to generalize to road scenes from a completely new city than existing methods.
description: Published at CoRL 2020
Supporting Information for Journal Article "Gaussian Process-Based Refinement of Dispersion Corrections"
Creators: name: Proppe, Jonny
name: Gugler, Stefan
name: Reiher, Markus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This document contains the supporting information published together with the journal article "Gaussian Process-Based Refinement of Dispersion Corrections" (J. Chem. Theory Comput., 2019, 15, 6046).
Phrasebook editing: "housework" through "games"
Creators: name: Rudolph, Johnny (Soni)
name: Drummond, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: nkr

description: Elicitation to edit a Nukuoro phrasebook, including sections on housework, around the house, making things, music, dance, and stories, outdoors, sightseeing, shopping, work, and games. Corresponds to pages 91-95 in Notebook 3.
Exactness of Semiclassical Quantization Rule for Broken Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Gangopadhyaya, Asim
name: Bougie, Jonathan
name: Rasinariu, Constantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiclassical methods provide important tools for approximating solutions in quantum mechanics. In several cases these methods are intriguingly exact rather than approximate, as has been shown by direct calculations on particular systems. In this paper we prove that the long-conjectured exactness of the supersymmetry-based semiclassical quantization condition for broken supersymmetry is a consequence of the additive shape invariance for the corresponding potentials.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Islamic Accounting; History, Development and Prospects
Creators: name: Trokic, Amela
Publisher: name: University of Turin - Italy
Year: 2015
Subjects: History, Accounting, Islamic Accounting, Finance

description: The main objective of this paper is to discuss the history of Islamic accounting from its emersion to its subsequent development and expected growth in the future. In doing so, the paper will analyze the historic influence of Islamic accounting over its conventional counterpart which dominates the industry today. Moreover, it will provide an analysis of the similarities and differences between Islamic and conventional accounting today from both a theoretical and practical perspective. Based on this comparison the need for an Islamic accounting system, in light of the developing Islamic economic system and the specific needs of its financial institutions which are governed by the Shari’ah, is discussed. Finally, it will look at the prospects of such an accounting system as well as the challenges it faces moving forward.
description: European Journal of Islamic Finance, No 3 (2015): EJIF - European Journal of Islamic Finance, 3, 2015