cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gravitational production of nearly thermal fermionic Dark Matter
Creators: name: Herring, Nathan
name: Boyanovsky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the cosmological production of fermionic dark matter during inflation and a post-inflationary radiation dominated era. This fermion \emph{only interacts gravitationally}, has a mass $m$ much smaller than the Hubble scale during inflation (but is otherwise arbitrary) and is in its Bunch-Davies vacuum state during inflation. We focus on superhorizon modes at the end of inflation, and assume instantaneous reheating. We obtain the full energy momentum tensor discussing its renormalization, and show that the contribution from particle production is of the kinetic-fluid form near matter-radiation equality. We find \emph{exactly} the distribution function of produced particles $|B(k)|^2=\frac{1}{2}\Big[1-(1-e^{-\frac{k^2}{2mT_H}})^{1/2}\Big]$ which exhibits an " emergent temperature" $T_H=H_0\sqrt{Ω_R}\simeq 10^{-36}(\mathrm{eV})$. The abundance of the produced particles $Ω_{pp}$ is very similar to that of a non-relativistic degree of freedom thermalized at temperature $T_H$, $Ω_{pp} \propto m \, (m\,T_H)^{3/2}\simeq \big(m/10^8\mathrm{GeV})\big)^{5/2}$ and "cold" equation of state $w(a) \simeq (T_H/m a^2)$, both dominated by superhorizon modes at the end of inflation. We discuss subtle aspects of isocurvature perturbations.
description: Published version. Includes majoranas and pair annihilation into gravitons
Table S2 from The influence of scale-dependent geodiversity on species distribution models in a biodiversity hotspot
Creators: name: Gerstner, Beth E.
name: Blair, Mary E.
name: Bills, Patrick
name: Cruz-Rodriguez, Cristian A.
name: Zarnetske, Phoebe L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 370202
subject: Climatology
classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
classificationCode: 490302
subject: Numerical analysis

description: Table showing the permutation importance for each variable across spatial grains.
Baryon Masses in Partially Quenched Heavy Hadron Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Tiburzi, Brian C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The masses of baryons containing a heavy quark are calculated to next-to-leading order in partially quenched heavy hadron chiral perturbation theory. Calculations are performed for three light flavors in the isospin limit and additionally for two light non-degenerate flavors. The results presented are necessary for extrapolating lattice QCD and partially quenched lattice QCD calculations of the heavy hadron masses.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures, RevTex4
Additional file 1 of European Union training programme for tuberculosis laboratory experts: design, contribution and future direction
Creators: name: Raftery, Philomena
name: Ködmön, Csaba
name: Werf, Marieke J. Van Der
name: Nikolayevskyy, Vladyslav
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Details of the topics covered during each training course.
Developments in Correlated Fermions
Creators: name: Varma, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This manuscript is based on the Summary and Overview talk given at the "The International Conference of Strongly Correlated Electronic Systems" (SCES '04), July 26-30, at Karlsruhe, Germany. After highlighting some of the principal new experimental developments in heavy fermions presented at the conference, I turn to two kinds of theoretical questions. (1) What is understood of the fermi-liquid state of the heavy fermions and what is not, but may reasonably well be understood by systematic calculations. (2) The profound issues raised by the observed correlations near the quantum critical points in the heavy fermions. The numbers and letters in the parenthesis in the text refer to the listing of the talks in the "Program and Abstracts" book of the conference.
Fusion Based Hand Geometry Recognition Using Dempster-Shafer Theory
Creators: name: Bera, Asish
name: Bhattacharjee, Debotosh
name: Nasipuri, Mita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a new technique for person recognition based on the fusion of hand geometric features of both the hands without any pose restrictions. All the features are extracted from normalized left and right hand images. Fusion is applied at feature level and also at decision level. Two probability based algorithms are proposed for classification. The first algorithm computes the maximum probability for nearest three neighbors. The second algorithm determines the maximum probability of the number of matched features with respect to a thresholding on distances. Based on these two highest probabilities initial decisions are made. The final decision is considered according to the highest probability as calculated by the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence. Depending on the various combinations of the initial decisions, three schemes are experimented with 201 subjects for identification and verification. The correct identification rate found to be 99.5%, and the False Acceptance Rate (FAR) of 0.625% has been found during verification.
Coherent Fourier scatterometry reveals nerve fiber crossings in the brain
Creators: name: Menzel, Miriam
name: Pereira, Silvania F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous simulation studies by Menzel et al. [Phys. Rev. X 10, 021002 (2020)] have shown that scattering patterns of light transmitted through artificial nerve fiber constellations contain valuable information about the tissue substructure such as the individual fiber orientations in regions with crossing nerve fibers. Here, we present a method that measures these scattering patterns in monkey and human brain tissue using coherent Fourier scatterometry with normally incident light. By transmitting a non-focused laser beam (wavelength of 633 nm) through unstained histological brain sections, we measure the scattering patterns for small tissue regions (with diameters of 0.1-1 mm), and show that they are in accordance with the simulated scattering patterns. We reveal the individual fiber orientations for up to three crossing nerve fiber bundles, with crossing angles down to 25°.
Additional file 2 of Methodology for assessment of public health emergency preparedness and response synergies between institutional authorities and communities
Creators: name: Vries, Daniel H. De
name: Kinsman, John
name: Takacs, Judit
name: Tsolova, Svetla
name: Ciotti, Massimo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Guidelines for tick-borne disease case study: Spain and the Netherlands, October–November 2017.
The CIDA Variability Survey of Orion OB1. I: the low-mass population of Ori OB 1a and 1b
Creators: name: Briceno, Cesar
name: Calvet, Nuria
name: Hernandez, Jesus
name: Vivas, A. Katherina
name: Hartmann, Lee
name: Downes, Juan J.
name: Berlind, Perry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a large scale, multi-epoch optical survey of the Ori OB1 association, carried out with the QuEST camera at the Venezuela National Astronomical Observatory. We identify for the first time the widely spread low-mass, young population in the Orion OB1a and OB1b sub-associations. Candidate members were picked up by their variability in the V-band and position in color-magnitude diagrams. We obtained spectra to confirm membership. In a region spanning ~ 68 deg^2 we found 197 new young stars; of these, 56 are located in the Ori OB1a subassociation and 142 in Ori OB1b. Comparison with the spatial extent of molecular gas and extinction maps indicates that the subassociation Ori 1b is concentrated within a ring-like structure of radius ~2 deg (~15 pc at 440 pc), centered roughly on the star epsilon Ori in the Orion belt. The ring is apparent in 13CO and corresponds to a region with an extinction Av>=1. The stars exhibiting strong Ha emission, an indicator of active accretion, are found along this ring, while the center is populated with weak Ha emitting stars. In contrast, Ori OB1a is located in a region devoid of gas and dust. We identify a grouping of stars within a ~3 deg^2 area located in 1a, roughly clustered around the B2 star 25 Ori. The Herbig Ae/Be star V346 Ori is also associated with this grouping, which could be an older analog of sigma Ori. Using using several sets of evolutionary tracks we find an age of 7 - 10 Myr for Ori 1a and of ~4 - 6 Myr for Ori OB1b, consistent with previous estimates from OB stars. Indicators such as the equivalent width of Ha and near-IR excesses show that while a substantial fraction of accreting disks remain at ages ~5 Myr, inner disks are essentially dissipated by 10 Myr.
description: 44 pages, 12 figures, to appear in the Astronomical Journal. (Abridged abstract - to fit length limit in astroph) Full resolution figures in http://www.cida.ve/~briceno/publications/
Socio-economic Considerations and International Trade Agreements
Creators: name: Smyth, Stuart J.
name: Falck-Zepeda, Jose
name: Smyth, Stuart J.
name: Falck-Zepeda, Jose
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Biosafety
subject: Genetically modified
subject: International trade
subject: Regulatory cost
subject: Socio-economic

description: The provision for the inclusion of socio-economic considerations in domestic regulatory frameworks pertaining to living modified organisms has been established by Article 26 of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Many countries are considering, or have considered, inclusion of socio-economic aspects in their domestic legislation, raising international concern that socio-economic risk assessments will become a mandatory part of approval processes and further complicate the approval, and international trade, of new genetically modified crops. Barriers to international trade, unfortunately, enjoy a long and robust history. The objective of this article is to review the various international agreements that have a governance capacity pertaining to international trade and assess how these agreements might interpret the domestic implementation of socio-economic risk assessments. The result of this will be a clearer understanding of what cost and benefit tradeoffs will be required by countries that have included, or are planning to include, socio-economic considerations as part of their domestic regulatory framework.
Mechanics and Thermodynamics of a New Minimal Model of the Atmosphere
Creators: name: Vissio, Gabriele
name: Lucarini, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The understanding of the fundamental properties of the climate system has long benefitted from the use of simple numerical models able to parsimoniously represent the essential ingredients of its processes. Here we introduce a new model for the atmosphere that is constructed by supplementing the now-classic Lorenz '96 one-dimensional lattice model with temperature-like variables. The model features an energy cycle that allows for conversion between the kinetic and potential forms and for introducing a notion of efficiency. The model's evolution is controlled by two contributions - a quasi-symplectic and a gradient one, which resemble (yet not conforming to) a metriplectic structure. After investigating the linear stability of the symmetric fixed point, we perform a systematic parametric investigation that allows us to define regions in the parameters space where at steady state stationary, quasi-periodic, and chaotic motions are realised, and study how the terms responsible for defining the energy budget of the system depend on the external forcing injecting energy in the kinetic and in the potential energy reservoirs. Finally, we find preliminary evidence that the model features extensive chaos. We also introduce a more complex version of the model that is able to accommodate for multiscale dynamics and that features an energy cycle that more closely mimics the one of the Earth's atmosphere.
description: 16 pages, 5 Figures; accepted version
Supplementary Material Guide.docx from The influence of scale-dependent geodiversity on species distribution models in a biodiversity hotspot
Creators: name: Gerstner, Beth E.
name: Blair, Mary E.
name: Bills, Patrick
name: Cruz-Rodriguez, Cristian A.
name: Zarnetske, Phoebe L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 370202
subject: Climatology
classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
classificationCode: 490302
subject: Numerical analysis

description: Improving models of species' distributions is essential for conservation, especially in light of global change. Species distribution models (SDMs) often rely on mean environmental conditions, yet species distributions are also a function of environmental heterogeneity and filtering acting at multiple spatial scales. Geodiversity, which we define as the variation of abiotic features and processes of Earth's entire geosphere (inclusive of climate), has potential to improve SDMs and conservation assessments, as they capture multiple abiotic dimensions of species niches, however they have not been sufficiently tested in SDMs. We tested a range of geodiversity variables computed at varying scales using climate and elevation data. We compared predictive performance of MaxEnt SDMs generated using CHELSA bioclimatic variables to those also including geodiversity variables for 31 mammalian species in Colombia. Results show the spatial grain of geodiversity variables affects SDM performance. Some variables consistently exhibited an increasing or decreasing trend in variable importance with spatial grain, showing slight scale-dependence and indicating that some geodiversity variables are more relevant at particular scales for some species. Incorporating geodiversity variables into SDMs, and doing so at the appropriate spatial scales, enhances the ability to model species-environment relationships, thereby contributing to the conservation and management of biodiversity.This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Geodiversity science for society’.
HASN: Hybrid Attention Separable Network for Efficient Image Super-resolution
Creators: name: Cao, Weifeng
name: Lei, Xiaoyan
name: Shi, Jun
name: Liang, Wanyong
name: Liu, Jie
name: Bai, Zongfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, lightweight methods for single image super-resolution (SISR) have gained significant popularity and achieved impressive performance due to limited hardware resources. These methods demonstrate that adopting residual feature distillation is an effective way to enhance performance. However, we find that using residual connections after each block increases the model's storage and computational cost. Therefore, to simplify the network structure and learn higher-level features and relationships between features, we use depthwise separable convolutions, fully connected layers, and activation functions as the basic feature extraction modules. This significantly reduces computational load and the number of parameters while maintaining strong feature extraction capabilities. To further enhance model performance, we propose the Hybrid Attention Separable Block (HASB), which combines channel attention and spatial attention, thus making use of their complementary advantages. Additionally, we use depthwise separable convolutions instead of standard convolutions, significantly reducing the computational load and the number of parameters while maintaining strong feature extraction capabilities. During the training phase, we also adopt a warm-start retraining strategy to exploit the potential of the model further. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. Our method achieves a smaller model size and reduced computational complexity without compromising performance. Code can be available at https://github.com/nathan66666/HASN.git
description: Accepted by Visual Computer
Disk evolution in the Ori OB1 association
Creators: name: Calvet, Nuria
name: Briceno, Cesar
name: Hernandez, Jesus
name: Hoyer, Sergio
name: Hartmann, Lee
name: Sicilia-Aguilar, Aurora
name: Megeath, S. T.
name: D'Alessio, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze multi-band photometry of a subsample of low mass stars in the associations Ori OB1a and 1b discovered during the CIDA Orion Variability Survey, which have ages of 7 - 10 Myr and 3 - 5 Myr, respectively. We obtained UBVRcIc photometry at Mt. Hopkins for 6 Classical T Tauri stars (CTTS) and 26 Weak T Tauri stars (WTTS) in Ori OB1a, and for 21 CTTS and 2 WTTS in Ori OB1b. We also obtained L band photometry for 14 CTTS at Mt. Hopkins, and 10um and 18um photometry with OSCIR at Gemini for 6 CTTS; of these, all 6 were detected at 10um while only one was detected at 18um. We estimate mass accretion rates from the excess luminosity at U, and find that they are consistent with determinations for a number of other associations, with or without high mass star formation. The observed decrease of mass accretion rate with age is qualitatively consistent with predictions of viscous evolution of accretion disks. We find an overall decrease of disk emission from Taurus to Ori OB1b to Ori OB1a. This decrease implies that significant grain growth and settling towards the midplane has taken place in the inner disks of Ori OB1. We compare the SED of the star detected at both 10um and 18um with disk models for similar stellar and accretion parameters. We find that the low <= 18 um fluxes of this Ori OB1b star cannot be due to the smaller disk radius expected from viscous evolution in the presence of the FUV radiation fields from the OB stars in the association. Instead, we find that the disk of this star is essentially a flat disk, with little if any flaring, indicating a a significant degree of dust settling towards the midplane, as expected from dust evolution in protoplanetary disks.
description: 35 pages, 11 figures, to appear in the Astronomical Journal. Full resolution figures in http://www.cida.ve/~briceno/publications/
Additional file 1 of The impact of glutamate infusion on postoperative NT-proBNP in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery: a randomized study
Creators: name: Huiqi Jiang
name: Holm, Jonas
name: Vidlund, Mårten
name: Farkas Vanky
name: Friberg, Örjan
name: Yanqi Yang
name: Svedjeholm, Rolf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. List additional methods and results on NT-proBNP in patients treated with inotropes related to glutamate (Table S1–S3).
Making near-extremal wormholes traversable
Creators: name: Fallows, Seamus
name: Ross, Simon F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a traversable wormhole from a charged AdS black hole by adding a coupling between the two boundary theories. We investigate how the effect of this deformation behaves in the extremal limit of the black hole. The black holes have finite entropy but an infinitely long throat in the extremal limit. We argue that it is still possible to make the throat traversable even in the extremal limit, but this requires either tuning the field for which we add a boundary coupling close to an instability threshold or scaling the strength of the coupling inversely with the temperature. In the latter case we show that the amount of information that can be sent through the wormhole scales with the entropy.
description: 18 pages. V2: minor changes; v3, v4: minor edits in response to referee comments
Physical Conditions and Kinematics of the Filamentary Structure in Orion Molecular Cloud 1
Creators: name: Teng, Yu-Hsuan
name: Hirano, Naomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the structure and kinematics of the dense molecular gas in the Orion Molecular Cloud 1 (OMC1) region with the N2H+ 3-2 line. The 6'x9' (~0.7x1.1 pc) region surrounding the Orion KL core has been mapped with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) and the Submillimeter Telescope (SMT). The combined SMA and SMT image having a resolution of ~5.4" (~2300 au) reveals multiple filaments with a typical width of 0.02-0.03 pc. On the basis of the non-LTE analysis using the N2H+ 3-2 and 1-0 data, the density and temperature of the filaments are estimated to be ~10^7 cm-3 and ~15-20 K, respectively. The core fragmentation is observed in three massive filaments, one of which shows the oscillations in the velocity and intensity that could be the signature of core-forming gas motions. The gas kinetic temperature is significantly enhanced in the eastern part of OMC1, likely due to the external heating from the high mass stars in M42 and M43. In addition, the filaments are colder than their surrounding regions, suggesting the shielding from the external heating due to the dense gas in the filaments. The OMC1 region consists of three sub-regions, i.e. north, west, and south of Orion KL, having different radial velocities with sharp velocity transitions. There is a north-to-south velocity gradient from the western to the southern regions. The observed velocity pattern suggests that dense gas in OMC1 is collapsing globally toward the high-mass star-forming region, Orion Nebula Cluster.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ
Subgap states in dirty superconductors and their effect on dephasing in Josephson qubits
Creators: name: Silva, Alessandro
name: Ioffe, Lev B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory of the subgap tails of the density of states in a diffusive superconductor containing magnetic impurities. We show that the subgap tails have two contributions: one arising from mesoscopic gap fluctuations, previously discussed by Lamacraft and Simons, and the other associated to the long-wave fluctuations of the concentration of magnetic impurities. We study the latter both in small superconducting grains and in bulk systems [$d=1,2,3$], and establish the dimensionless parameter that controls which of the two contributions dominates the subgap tails. We observe that these contributions are related to each other by dimensional reduction. We apply the theory to estimate the effects of a weak concentration of magnetic impurities [$\approx 1 {\rm p.p.m}$] on the phase coherence of Josephson qubits. We find that at these typical concentrations, magnetic impurities are relevant for the dephasing in large qubits, designed around a $10 {\rm μm}$ scale, where they limit the quality factor to be $Q<10^4-10^5$.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Burning money to save the environment : an interest-based analysis of Canada’s implementation plan for the Kyoto protocol
Creators: name: Van Der Ven, Hamish
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: On December 17 2002, Canada ratified the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. This binding international agreement committed Canada to reducing its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 6% below 1990 levels between 2008-2012. Following Canada's ratification, a struggle ensued between various interest groups over how best to achieve the reductions mandated by the Protocol. The federal government engaged in a broad consultative process with all concerned interests which ended in the release of "Moving Forward on Climate Change - A Plan for Honouring our Kyoto Commitment" in April of 2005. This 48-page policy document describes in detail Canada's implementation strategy and forms the basis of analysis for this thesis. The plan outlined in "Moving Forward" is heavily reliant on government expenditure while relatively sparse on direct regulatory measures. This thesis will attempt to explain why the government chose to focus on indirect measures like expenditure, to the exclusion of more direct initiatives such as regulation. It will do so by conducting an interest-based analysis of the forces which helped structure the government's implementation plan. It will theorize the consultative process as a "bargaining game" wherein the four main actors (the federal government, the business community, the Government of Alberta, and the ENGO community) each acted upon a list of prioritized interests to achieve an optimal policy outcome. It will conclude that the business community and the Government of Alberta were successful in their bid to move the government away from a more coercive regulatory plan. They succeeded largely because their efforts to create dissent over the economic ramifications of a coercive regulatory scheme presented a credible threat to the government's future electoral prospects. In addition to this, ENGOs and environmentally-minded government officials did not possess the broad public support necessary to push for a more aggressive approach. The result is an implementation plan that distributes the costs of GHG reductions across the broader Canadian public instead of concentrating them on the most polluting industries.
Additional file 1 of Methodology for assessment of public health emergency preparedness and response synergies between institutional authorities and communities
Creators: name: Vries, Daniel H. De
name: Kinsman, John
name: Takacs, Judit
name: Tsolova, Svetla
name: Ciotti, Massimo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Example of interview instrument.
EBDM: Exemplar-guided Image Translation with Brownian-bridge Diffusion Models
Creators: name: Lee, Eungbean
name: Jeong, Somi
name: Sohn, Kwanghoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Exemplar-guided image translation, synthesizing photo-realistic images that conform to both structural control and style exemplars, is attracting attention due to its ability to enhance user control over style manipulation. Previous methodologies have predominantly depended on establishing dense correspondences across cross-domain inputs. Despite these efforts, they incur quadratic memory and computational costs for establishing dense correspondence, resulting in limited versatility and performance degradation. In this paper, we propose a novel approach termed Exemplar-guided Image Translation with Brownian-Bridge Diffusion Models (EBDM). Our method formulates the task as a stochastic Brownian bridge process, a diffusion process with a fixed initial point as structure control and translates into the corresponding photo-realistic image while being conditioned solely on the given exemplar image. To efficiently guide the diffusion process toward the style of exemplar, we delineate three pivotal components: the Global Encoder, the Exemplar Network, and the Exemplar Attention Module to incorporate global and detailed texture information from exemplar images. Leveraging Bridge diffusion, the network can translate images from structure control while exclusively conditioned on the exemplar style, leading to more robust training and inference processes. We illustrate the superiority of our method over competing approaches through comprehensive benchmark evaluations and visual results.
description: ECCV 2024
Table S1: from The influence of scale-dependent geodiversity on species distribution models in a biodiversity hotspot
Creators: name: Gerstner, Beth E.
name: Blair, Mary E.
name: Bills, Patrick
name: Cruz-Rodriguez, Cristian A.
name: Zarnetske, Phoebe L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 370202
subject: Climatology
classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
classificationCode: 490302
subject: Numerical analysis

description: Table showing spatial evaluation metrics of species distribution model performance.
Condições Econômicas e Nível de Qualidade Ambiental no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Creators: name: Rossato, Marivane Vestena
name: Lima, Joao Eustaquio De
name: Lirio, Viviani Silva
name: Rossato, Marivane Vestena
name: Lima, Joao Eustaquio De
name: Lirio, Viviani Silva
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: life pattern
subject: environmental quality
subject: space patterns
subject: padrão de vida
subject: qualidade ambiental
subject: padrões espaciais

description: A análise da qualidade ambiental e das associações mantidas com o sistema econômico sempre foi tema de grande interesse na comunidade científica e nas organizações públicas e privadas. O estado do Rio Grande do Sul tem apresentado alto Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH), porém, baixos valores de importantes indicadores de qualidade ambiental. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo fornecer evidências empíricas acerca de como o nível de atividade econômica interfere na qualidade ambiental dos municípios gaúchos, bem como construir um Índice de Qualidade Ambiental (IQA) e um Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano-Ambiental (IDH-A) para esse estado, como uma alternativa para representar o seu nível de desenvolvimento humano com uma dimensão ambiental. Os resultados indicaram que níveis de atividade econômica mais intensa desencadeiam menor qualidade ambiental. O IQA médio do estado foi estimado em 0,55 e o IDH-A, em 0,25, valor bem abaixo do IDH médio gaúcho, que foi de 0,78. Evidenciou-se ainda, por meio da Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais (Aede), a existência de padrões espaciais distintos em relação à renda per capita, ao IQA, ao IDH e ao IDH-A do Rio Grande do Sul, indicando a sua grande heterogeneidade espacial......The analysis of the environmental quality and of the associations kept with the economical system has always been of great concern amongst the scientific community and the public and private organizations. The state of Rio Grande do Sul has been presenting a high Index of Human Development (IDH in Portuguese), although, low values of important environmental quality indicators. Thus, the present study had the purpose of providing empirical evidences on how the level of economical activity affect the environmental quality of the municipal districts of Rio Grande do Sul as well as to build a Index of Environmental Quality (IQA) and a index of Human-Environmental Development (IDH-A) for this state as an alternative to represent its level of human development with a environmental dimension. Results revealed that more intense levels of economical activity unleash minor environmental quality. The state medium IQA has been estimated in 0,55 and the IDH-A in 0,25, being quite below the medium IDH of Rio Grande do Sul, which was 0,78. It was still evidenced by the Exploratory Analysis of Space Data (Aede) the existence of distinct space patterns in relation to the per capita income, to the IQA, to the IDH and IDH-A of Rio Grande do Sul, indicating its great space heterogeneity.
Comércio Internacional, Agricultura e Meio Ambiente: teorias, evidências e controvérsias empíricas
Creators: name: Feix, Rodrigo Daniel
name: Miranda, Silvia Helena Galvão De
name: Barros, Geraldo Sant'Ana De Camargo
name: Feix, Rodrigo Daniel
name: Miranda, Silvia Helena Galvão De
name: Barros, Geraldo Sant'Ana De Camargo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: trade
subject: environment
subject: agriculture
subject: North-South relations
subject: comércio
subject: ambiente
subject: agricultura
subject: relações Norte-Sul

description: Este artigo constitui uma revisão das principais questões teóricas e empíricas atinentes às interfaces econômicas entre agricultura, meio ambiente e comércio, em geral, e para o Brasil em particular. Ao longo dos anos, diante da multiplicidade de resultados desencontrados observados na literatura, tornouse cada vez mais claro o papel desempenhado pelas especificidades setoriais e regionais nesse campo de estudo. A tendência ao emprego de métodos e processos produtivos com elevado potencial degradante ao meio ambiente, observada em segmentos importantes da agricultura brasileira, além de gerar desdobramentos internos pouco desprezíveis, contribui para situar o País na alça de mira de movimentos ambientalistas internacionais. Ainda, dificulta a inserção de seus produtos no mercado internacional, cada vez mais reflexo das questões ambientais globais. Conclui-se pela necessidade de definição de políticas ambientais sinérgicas, capazes de dotar a agricultura brasileira de padrões mais sustentáveis de produção, sem comprometer sua competitividade......This article provides a review of the major theoretical and empirical issues related to the economic interfaces between agriculture, environment and trade, in general, and particularly to Brazil. Over the years, given the multiplicity of controversial results registered in the literature, it became increasingly clear the role played by the sector and regional specificities in this field of study. The trend of adopting processes and methods potentially and highly degrading to environment, noticed in important segments of Brazilian agriculture, besides generating domestic effects rather negligible, contributes to place the country on the handle of sight of the international environmental groups. Moreover, it hampers the acceptance of national goods in the international market, increasingly reflecting the global environmental issues. Conclusively, it is necessary to define synergistic environmental policies, capable of providing more sustainable patterns of production to the Brazilian agriculture, without compromising their competitiveness.
Impacto do Programa Bolsa Família sobre a Frequência Escolar: o caso da agricultura familiar no Nordeste do Brasil
Creators: name: Melo, Raul Da Mota Silveira
name: Duarte, Gisléia Benini
name: Melo, Raul Da Mota Silveira
name: Duarte, Gisléia Benini
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: family farm
subject: education
subject: Bolsa Família
subject: agricultura familiar
subject: educação

description: O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o impacto do programa de transferência de renda condicionada Bolsa Família sobre a frequência escolar de crianças e adolescentes de cinco a 14 anos na agricultura familiar dos estados de Pernambuco, Ceará, Sergipe e Paraíba. Nessa investigação, o trabalho faz uso de dados primários (pesquisa de campo) e dados secundários (PNAD, 2005) para obter estimativas de propensity score. Os resultados indicam que, de forma geral, o programa eleva a frequência escolar das referidas crianças no intervalo de 5,4 a 5,9 pontos percentuais. Contudo, há importantes diferenças quando se considera meninas e meninos separadamente, sendo o programa eficaz no primeiro caso e ineficaz no segundo. Ou seja, apesar da avaliação positiva para as meninas, não parece haver efeito do programa sobre a frequência escolar dos meninos, o que pode estar associado a diferenças de gênero nos custos de oportunidades do investimento em capital humano no meio rural......The main proposal of this study was to evaluate the impact of the Bolsa Família conditioned public cash transfer program on the school presence among the children and adolescents from five to 14 years, in the Brazilian states of Pernambuco, Ceará, Sergipe and Paraíba. The work uses both primary and secondary data (PNAD, 2005) to build two different control groups used for propensity score estimative matching with children from families that received income from the federal program. For all studied groups the impact of the Bolsa Família was positive, in other words, the results indicate that the program increases the school presence by 5,6 points. But the results still suggest there is difference between gender, with the program being effective for girls, but not for boys. This probably is related to the gender difference in the opportunity cost of human capital investment in Brazil rural northeast.
Riscos e Retornos da Cafeicultura em Minas Gerais: uma análise de custos e diferenciação
Creators: name: Pereira, Vanessa Da Fonseca
name: Vale, Sônia Maria Leite Ribeiro Do
name: Braga, Marcelo Jose
name: Rufino, José Luis Dos Santos
name: Pereira, Vanessa Da Fonseca
name: Vale, Sônia Maria Leite Ribeiro Do
name: Braga, Marcelo Jose
name: Rufino, José Luis Dos Santos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: coffee
subject: differentiation
subject: costs
subject: risks and returns
subject: café
subject: diferenciação
subject: custos
subject: riscos
subject: retornos

description: O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar, comparativamente, o desempenho dos produtores de café do Cerrado mineiro e do sudoeste do estado, de acordo com o retorno obtido e o nível de risco. Dadas as opções estratégicas adotadas nessas duas regiões, a diferenciação e os custos foram enfatizados. As margens e os potenciais de perda dos dois grupos de cafeicultores foram mensurados, o que permitiu apresentar uma relação entre risco e retorno. Os retornos foram estimados por um índice que relaciona custos e preços – margem operacional –, e a análise de riscos foi realizada a partir das estimativas do Value at Risk. Os resultados indicaram que os produtores do Cerrado, além de terem obtido melhores retornos, apresentaram menores perdas potencias que os do sudoeste. Os resultados favoráveis aos cafeicultores do Cerrado foram relacionados às diferenças dos custos produtivos e da qualidade do café. Incrementos na qualidade do produto e melhorias na gestão do processo produtivo foram os aspectos considerados relevantes para melhorar o desempenho do produtor do sudoeste. Já em relação à cafeicultura do Cerrado, destacou-se a importância de manter os esforços ligados à diferenciação e à produtividade......This paper aimed to analyze the comparative performance from the Minas Gerais “Cerrado” coffee producers and the south-western conventional coffee producers, according to the returns and the risk level. Differentiation and costs were emphasized because they were the strategic options adopted by the grower in these two regions The margins and potential loss of these two producer groups were measured, in a way that a relation between risks and returns could be presented. The returns were estimated by an index that relates costs and prices – operational margin –, and risk analysis was conducted based on Value at Risk estimates. The results indicated that, besides obtaining better returns, the Minas Gerais “Cerrado” producers had smaller loss potential than those from the south-west. The favorable results obtained by the Minas Gerais “Cerrado” coffee producers were related to the differences in productive costs and coffee quality. Improved product quality and productive management were the most relevant aspects found to enhance the performance of the south-western coffee producer. As for the “Cerrado” coffee production, the importance of maintaining the efforts related to differentiation and to the productivity was pointed out.
Alice falls into a black hole: Entanglement in non-inertial frames
Creators: name: Fuentes-Schuller, I.
name: Mann, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two observers determine the entanglement between two free bosonic modes by each detecting one of the modes and observing the correlations between their measurements. We show that a state which is maximally entangled in an inertial frame becomes less entangled if the observers are relatively accelerated. This phenomenon, which is a consequence of the Unruh effect, shows that entanglement is an observer-dependent quantity in non-inertial frames. In the high acceleration limit, our results can be applied to a non-accelerated observer falling into a black hole while the accelerated one barely escapes. If the observer escapes with infinite acceleration, the state's distillable entanglement vanishes.
description: I.F-S published before with maiden name Fuentes-Guridi Replaced with published version. Phys. Rev. Lett. in press
xGASS: The Role of Bulges Along and Across the Local Star-Forming Main Sequence
Creators: name: Cook, Robin H. W.
name: Cortese, Luca
name: Catinella, Barbara
name: Robotham, Aaron S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use our catalogue of structural decomposition measurements for the extended GALEX Arecibo SDSS Survey (xGASS) to study the role of bulges both along and across the galaxy star-forming main sequence (SFMS). We show that the slope in the $sSFR$-$M_{\star}$ relation flattens by $\sim$0.1 dex per decade in $M_{\star}$ when re-normalising $sSFR$ by disc stellar mass instead of total stellar mass. However, recasting the $sSFR$-$M_{\star}$ relation into the framework of only disc-specific quantities shows that a residual trend remains against disc stellar mass with equivalent slope and comparable scatter to that of the total galaxy relation. This suggests that the residual declining slope of the SFMS is intrinsic to the disc components of galaxies. We further investigate the distribution of bulge-to-total ratios ($B/T$) as a function of distance from the SFMS ($ΔSFR_{MS}$). At all stellar masses, the average $B/T$ of local galaxies decreases monotonically with increasing $ΔSFR_{MS}$. Contrary to previous works, we find that the upper-envelope of the SFMS is not dominated by objects with a significant bulge component. This rules out a scenario in which, in the local Universe, objects with increased star formation activity are simultaneously experiencing a significant bulge growth. We suggest that much of the discrepancies between different works studying the role of bulges originates from differences in the methodology of structurally decomposing galaxies.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
An analysis of the methods and underlying principles of three programmes aimed at imparting multiple language comprehension of the romance languages
Creators: name: Cuzzetto, Armando Antonio
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis explores the ability to use Inferencing in multiple or simultaneous Romance language acquisition. Utilizing a semiotic approach, the notion or system of Inferencing as a component in the theoretical bases of the methodologies used in EuRom4, Galatea, and EuroComRom is analyzed. The system (in structuralist terms) to which Inferencing is attributed is identified as the ability to use Inferencing in multiple Romance language acquisition, is validated, and the structuralist presuppositions underlying the theories that lead to the methodologies are described as well as a commentary given of their gains and or shortcomings. The aim of the study is to ascertain to what extent each programme makes use of the process and the notions surrounding it as discussed in Carton’s study “Inferencing: a process in using and learning language,” and to attempt an evaluation of their successes or failure in doing so. In Chapter I intercomprehension is defined and its origins and the reasoning behind recent interest in it are explained. We also examine in this chapter the theoretical bases of the programmes to be studied in the rest of our study as explained by Carton’s paper on Inferencing. Chapter II analyses EuRom4, the first programme in this study that demonstrates some of Carton’s theories. The founders of the programme are discussed and a description of the programmes is given, as is the target audience, methodology, theoretical bases, and empirical data relating to the attainment of the proposed objectives. This same format is followed for Chapters III and IV, with the other two programmes analysed, Galatea and EuroComRom. Chapter V analyses the theoretical bases of the methodologies used in all three programmes using a semiotic approach. The similarities and differences between the programmes are given, as is an evaluation of their effectiveness. This chapter suggests that perhaps a different approach be used, to accommodate what is missing and needs to be done in future regarding this type of pedagogy. The thesis concludes by querying what the future holds for intercomprehension, in which a positive response is suggested for an inevitable change in the status quo of traditional language pedagogy.
MPEC 2024-B18 : 2024 BA
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 BA

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.