cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The creation and validation of an immersive virtual reality simulator to teach and assess clinical reasoning
Creators: name: Prasad, Anoop Krishna
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Introduction Emerging technologies such as virtual reality(VR) and 360-degree cameras have been presented as a technological solution that, through increased realism and presence, could lead to improved learning gains versus existing teaching modalities. Aims The main aim of the thesis is to create an immersive VR simulator using 360-degree camera technology to teach and assess clinical reasoning skills. Methods A multi-method approach across a series of studies were used to achieve the thesis aims. The first study aimed to develop a VR clinical scenario and scoring system using validated virtual patient guidelines, VR usability guidelines and scoring rubrics. A 360-degree camera and VR editing software were used for scenario construction. Three experimental studies were performed. Study 1: randomised controlled trial(RCT) comparing the simulator across two delivery modes - 2D screen(n=19) versus immersive head-set(n=20); assessing system usability and level of presence. Study 2: cohort study assessing the contrast validity of the simulator (medical students; n=16), foundation year doctors (n=21), and core surgical doctors (n=19). Study 3: RCT assessing learning gains (using Script Concordance test) with the simulator versus traditional methods(n=53). Results Four scenarios were created with scoring systems. The system was equally usable in both delivery forms(80.3 control vs 80 in treatment; p>0.05) with significantly higher levels of presence in the immersive group(0.81 vs 0.67; p<0.05). The simulator was able to differentiate between the most and least experienced group(57.3% vs 46.4%; p<0.05). Finally, the simulator learning gains were significantly higher compared to the traditional learning group(2.35 vs 1.64, p<0.05). Discussion This thesis demonstrates the feasibility of construction of a series of immersive VR clinical scenarios using 360-degree video. Taken together the results present a robust methodology for the creation and assessment of simulations using this technology and demonstrate the educational benefit for the teaching and assessment of clinical reasoning.
Lipschitz and Hölder stability of optimization problems and generalized equations
Creators: name: Gfrerer, Helmut
name: Klatte, Diethard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49K40, 90C31, 90C33

description: This paper studies stability aspects of solutions of parametric mathematical programs and generalized equations, respectively, with disjunctive constraints. We present sufficient conditions that, under some constraint qualifications ensuring metric subregularity of the constraint mapping, continuity results of upper Lipschitz and upper Hölder type, respectively, hold. Furthermore, we apply the above results to parametric mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints and demonstrate, how some classical results for the nonlinear programming problem can be recovered and even improved by our theory.
On the Exact Linearization and Control of Flat Discrete-time Systems
Creators: name: Kolar, Bernd
name: Diwold, Johannes
name: Gstöttner, Conrad
name: Schöberl, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper addresses the exact linearization of flat nonlinear discrete-time systems by generalized static or dynamic feedbacks which may also depend on forward-shifts of the new input. We first investigate the question which forward-shifts of a given flat output can be chosen in principle as a new input, and subsequently how to actually introduce the new input by a suitable feedback. With respect to the choice of a feasible input, easily verifiable conditions are derived. Introducing such a new input requires a feedback which may in general depend not only on this new input itself but also on its forward-shifts. This is similar to the continuous-time case, where feedbacks which depend on time derivatives of the closed-loop input - and in particular quasi-static ones - have already been used successfully for the exact linearization of flat systems since the nineties of the last century. For systems with a flat output that does not depend on forward-shifts of the input, it is shown how to systematically construct a new input such that the total number of the corresponding forward-shifts of the flat output is minimal. Furthermore, it is shown that in this case the calculation of a linearizing feedback is particularly simple, and the subsequent design of a discrete-time flatness-based tracking control is discussed. The presented theory is illustrated by the discretized models of a wheeled mobile robot and a 3DOF helicopter.
Anomalous precession of planets on a Weyl conformastatic solution
Creators: name: Capistrano, Abraão J. S.
name: Penagos, Joice A. M.
name: Alárcon, Manuel S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the anomalous planets precession in the nearly-newtonian gravitational regime. This limit is obtained from the application of the slow motion condition to the geodesic equations without altering the geodesic deviation equations. Using a non-standard expression for the perihelion advance from the Weyl conformastatic vacuum solution as a model, we can describe the anomaly in planets precession compared with different observational data from Ephemerides of the Planets and the Moon (EPM2008 and EPM2011) and Planetary and Lunar Ephemeris (INPOP10a). As a result, using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and calculating the related Chi-squared statistic, we find that the anomaly is statistical irrelevant in accordance with INPOP10a observations. As a complement to this work, we also do an application to the relativistic precession of giant planets using observational data calibrated with the EPM2011.
description: 6 pages, revised version, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Convergence rates for the joint solution of inverse problems with compressed sensing data
Creators: name: Ebner, Andrea
name: Haltmeier, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Compressed sensing (CS) is a powerful tool for reducing the amount of data to be collected while maintaining high spatial resolution. Such techniques work well in practice and at the same time are supported by solid theory. Standard CS results assume measurements to be made directly on the targeted signal. In many practical applications, however, CS information can only be taken from indirect data $h_\star = W x_\star$ related to the original signal by an additional forward operator. If inverting the forward operator is ill-posed, then existing CS theory is not applicable. In this paper, we address this issue and present two joint reconstruction approaches, namely relaxed $\ell^1$ co-regularization and strict $\ell^1$ co-regularization, for CS from indirect data. As main results, we derive error estimates for recovering $x_\star$ and $h_\star$. In particular, we derive a linear convergence rate in the norm for the latter. To obtain these results, solutions are required to satisfy a source condition and the CS measurement operator is required to satisfy a restricted injectivity condition. We further show that these conditions are not only sufficient but even necessary to obtain linear convergence.
On the Late-Time Behavior of Virasoro Blocks and a Classification of Semiclassical Saddles
Creators: name: Fitzpatrick, A. Liam
name: Kaplan, Jared
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work has demonstrated that black hole thermodynamics and information loss/restoration in AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$ can be derived almost entirely from the behavior of the Virasoro conformal blocks at large central charge, with relatively little dependence on the precise details of the CFT spectrum or OPE coefficients. Here, we elaborate on the non-perturbative behavior of Virasoro blocks by classifying all `saddles' that can contribute for arbitrary values of external and internal operator dimensions in the semiclassical large central charge limit. The leading saddles, which determine the naive semiclassical behavior of the Virasoro blocks, all decay exponentially at late times, and at a rate that is independent of internal operator dimensions. Consequently, the semiclassical contribution of high-energy states does not resolve a well-known version of the information loss problem in AdS$_3$. However, we identify two infinite classes of sub-leading saddles, and one of these classes does not decay at late times.
description: 38+10 pages, 17 figures; v2: added refs, comments
Graph theory solves scheduling problems : a study
Creators: name: Dowling, Alastair.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Superadiabatic Holonomic Quantum Computation in Cavity QED
Creators: name: Liu, Bao-Jie
name: Huang, Zhen-Hua
name: Xue, Zheng-Yuan
name: Zhang, Xin-Ding
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adiabatic quantum control is a powerful tool for quantum engineering and a key component in some quantum computation models, where accurate control over the timing of the involved pulses is not needed. However, the adiabatic condition requires that the process should be very slow and thus limits its application in quantum computation, where quantum gates are preferred to be fast due to the limited coherent times of the quantum systems. Here, we propose a feasible scheme to implement universal holonomic quantum computation based on non-Abelian geometric phases with superadiabatic quantum control, where the adiabatic manipulation is sped up while retaining its robustness against errors in the timing control. Consolidating the advantages of both strategies, our proposal is thus both robust and fast. The quantum cavity QED system is adopted as a typical example to illustrate the merits, where the proposed scheme can be realized in a tripod configuration by appropriately controlling the pulse shapes and their relative strength. To demonstrate the distinct performance of our proposal, we also compare our scheme with the conventional adiabatic strategy.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 37 references
Shock-avoiding slicing conditions: tests and calibrations
Creators: name: Baumgarte, Thomas W.
name: Hilditch, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the 1+log slicing condition has been extremely successful in numerous numerical relativity simulations, it is also known to develop "gauge-shocks" in some examples. Alternative "shock-avoiding" slicing conditions suggested by Alcubierre prevent these pathologies in those examples, but have not yet been explored and tested very broadly. In this paper we compare the performance of shock-avoiding slicing conditions with those of 1+log slicing for a number of "text-book" problems, including black holes and relativistic stars. While, in some simulations, the shock-avoiding slicing conditions feature some unusual properties and lead to more "gauge-dynamics" than the 1+log slicing condition, we find that they perform quite similarly in terms of stability and accuracy, and hence provide a very viable alternative to 1+log slicing.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
SWAG Newsletter (November, 1978)
Creators: name: Group, Victoria Status Of Women Action
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Women--Societies and clubs
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176970
subject: Women
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176568
subject: Women--Economic conditions
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176665
subject: Feminism
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/922671
subject: Sex discrimination against women
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1114376
subject: Women's rights
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1178818
subject: Women--Legal status, laws, etc.
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176824
subject: Women--Social conditions
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176947
subject: Women--Employment--Law and legislation
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176724

description: The Victoria chapter of the Status of Women Action Group (SWAG) was formed in 1971 in response to the 1970 Report of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women. SWAG is a feminist organization that promotes economic, political and social equality and freedom for women. It is a non-profit society with several committees working on specific issues of concern to women. The group is an active member of the BC and Yukon Association of Women's Centres and the National Action Committee on the Status of Women.
A deep learning approach to predict significant wave height using long short-term memory
Creators: name: Minuzzi, Felipe C.
name: Farina, Leandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 68T07 (Primary) 86A05, 76B15 (Secondary)

description: We present a framework for forecasting significant wave height on the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean using the long short-term memory algorithm (LSTM), trained with the ERA5 database available through Copernicus Climate Data Store (CDS) implemented by ECMWF (European Center for Medium Range Forecast) and also with buoy data. The predictions are made for seven different locations in the Brazilian coast, where buoy data are available, ranging from shallow to deep water. Experiments are conducted using exclusively historical series at the selected locations and the influence of other variables as inputs for training is investigated. The results shows that a data-driven methodology can be used as a surrogate to the computational expensive physical models, with the best accuracy near $95\%$, compared to reanalysis
description: 30 pages, 17 figures
Identification of source terms in wave equation with dynamic boundary conditions
Creators: name: Chorfi, S. E.
name: Guermai, G. El
name: Maniar, L.
name: Zouhair, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30, 65M32, 35L05, 35L51, 74H75

description: This paper studies an inverse hyperbolic problem for the wave equation with dynamic boundary conditions. It consists of determining some forcing terms from the final overdetermination of the displacement. First, the Fréchet differentiability of the Tikhonov functional is studied, and a gradient formula is obtained via the solution of an associated adjoint problem. Then, the Lipschitz continuity of the gradient is proved. Furthermore, the existence and the uniqueness for the minimization problem are discussed. Finally, some numerical experiments for the reconstruction of an internal wave force are implemented via a conjugate gradient algorithm.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
The chemical and biological investigation of organic inclusion compounds
Creators: name: Gountzos, Helen.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Die Rolle des Handwerks auf dem Weg zu einem klimaneutralen Gebäudebestand
Creators: name: Runst, Petrik
name: Ohlendorf, Jana
Publisher: name: Göttingen : ifh, Volkswirtschaftliches Institut für Mittelstand und Handwerk an der Universität Göttingen
Year: 2015

description: Die Studie des Volkswirtschaftlichen Instituts für Mittelstand und Hand-werk an der Universität Göttingen (ifh Göttingen) ermittelt die bis 2030 erwachsenden Umsatzpotenziale für das Handwerk sowie Hemmnisfaktoren und Lösungsansätze in der energetischen Gebäudesanierung. Achtzehn identifizierte Gewerke können in den nächsten 15 Jahren vorsichtig geschätzt ein Umsatzvolumen zwischen 200 und 328 Mrd. Euro aus Aufträgen zur energetischen Sanierung erwarten. Die Spanne von 128 Mrd. Euro begründen die Wissenschaftler damit, dass ein Teil der Renovierungsarbeiten möglicherweise nicht ausgeführt wird, z.B. wenn der finanzielle Aufwand keinen Ertrag aus höheren Mieteinnahmen erwarten lässt oder die staatlichen Fördermittel keine ausreichenden Sanierungsanreize bieten. Zudem wird der zunehmende Fachkräftemangel im Handwerk diskutiert, der dem rechtzeitigen Erreichen der von der Bundespolitik gesetzten Klimaziele entgegenstehen könnte
description: Göttinger Beiträge zur Handwerksforschung ; 1
Advances in efficient geometric deep learning for surface and graph modelling
Creators: name: Bahri, Mehdi
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: The recent developments in geometric deep learning enable the use of deep models to solve problems involving non-Euclidean data, such as graphs and 3D shapes. In this thesis, we first develop SMF, a novel approach to surface registration of large collections of raw 3D face scans, that simultaneously learns a deep non-linear morphable model of the human face. Our focus is on developing compact, robust, and generalisable models for application in the wild. Our method is based on an asymmetric autoencoder architecture with a point cloud CNN encoder equipped with a novel attention mechanism, hyperspherical embeddings, and novel mesh convolutional decoders combined with a specialised linear morphable model of the mouth for increased robustness to noise. By reducing the costly process of surface registration to that of a single inference pass of a pre-trained model, we achieve a highly efficient approach. Our models are also compact thanks to the use of graph convolutional decoders, and sensitivity to the choice of representation of the original surface is eliminated by our stochastic training method. We experimentally demonstrate successful registration and cross-modal facial expression transfer on unseen subjects, using unseen sensors, and in uncontrolled conditions. Motivated by the importance of model size and computational and memory cost for real-world deployment of deep learning models, we then propose a novel binarisation strategy for graph neural networks (GNNs). Our method is the first to consider the general message passing formulation of GNNs as well as the specific challenges brought about by dynamic graph architectures, such as the high computational cost of the construction of the k-NN graph. In particular, we develop a dynamic graph model trained to produce compact binary codes, for which pairwise Hamming distance computations can be massively accelerated. Our experimental evaluation showcases competitive accuracy and real-world acceleration on a consumer-grade device.
A conformal bootstrap approach to critical percolation in two dimensions
Creators: name: Picco, Marco
name: Ribault, Sylvain
name: Santachiara, Raoul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study four-point functions of critical percolation in two dimensions, and more generally of the Potts model. We propose an exact ansatz for the spectrum: an infinite, discrete and non-diagonal combination of representations of the Virasoro algebra. Based on this ansatz, we compute four-point functions using a numerical conformal bootstrap approach. The results agree with Monte-Carlo computations of connectivities of random clusters.
description: 16 pages, Python code available at https://github.com/ribault/bootstrap-2d-Python, v2: some clarifications and minor improvements
Extreme X-ray Reflection in the Nucleus of the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 5033
Creators: name: Yun, S. B.
name: Miller, J. M.
name: Barret, D.
name: Stern, D.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Brenneman, L.
name: Draghis, P.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Raymond, J.
name: Zoghbi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 5033 is an intriguing Seyfert galaxy because its sub-classification may change with time, and because optical and sub-mm observations find that the massive black hole does not sit at the dynamical center of the galaxy, pointing to a past merger. We obtained a new optical spectrum of NGC 5033 using the 200'' Hale telescope at Palomar that clearly reveals a broad H$β$ line (FWHM$=5400\pm 300~{\rm km}~{\rm s}^{-1}$). This signals a clear view of the optical broad line region (BLR) and requires Seyfert-1.5 designation. Some spectra obtained in the past suggest a Seyfert-1.9 classification, potentially signaling a variable or "changing-look" geometry. Our analysis of a 2019 Chandra spectrum of the massive black hole reveals very little obscuration, also suggesting a clean view of the central engine. However, the narrow Fe~K$α$ emission line is measured to have an equivalent with of EW$=460^{+100}_{-90}$~eV. This value is extremely high compared to typical values in unobscured AGN. Indeed, the line is persistently strong in NGC 5033: the line equivalent width in a 2002 XMM-Newton snapshot is EW$=250^{+40}_{-40}$~eV, similar to the EW$=290^{+100}_{-100}$~eV equivalent width measured using ASCA in 1999. These results can likely be explained through a combination of an unusually high covering factor for reflection, and fluxes that are seen out of phase owing to light travel times. We examine the possibility that NGC 5033 may strengthen evidence for the X-ray Baldwin effect.
Kinematic Lensing with the Roman Space Telescope
Creators: name: Xu, Jiachuan
name: Eifler, Tim
name: Huff, Eric
name: S., Pranjal R.
name: Huang, Hung-Jin
name: Everett, Spencer
name: Krause, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kinematic lensing (KL) is a new cosmological measurement technique that combines traditional weak lensing (WL) shape measurements of disc galaxies with their kinematic information. Using the Tully-Fisher relation KL breaks the degeneracy between intrinsic and observed ellipticity and significantly reduces the impact of multiple systematics that are present in traditional WL. We explore the performance of KL given the instrument capabilities of the $\textit{Roman Space Telescope}$, assuming overlap of the High Latitude Imaging Survey (HLIS), the High Latitude Spectroscopy Survey (HLSS) over 2,000 deg$^2$. Our KL suitable galaxy sample has a number density of $n_{\mathrm{gal}}=4~\mathrm{arcmin}^{-1}$ with an estimated shape noise level of $σ_ε=0.035$. We quantify the cosmological constraining power on $Ω_{\mathrm{m}}$-$S_8$, $w_p$-$w_a$ by running simulated likelihood analyses that account for redshift and shear calibration uncertainties, intrinsic alignment and baryonic feedback. Compared to a traditional WL survey we find that KL significantly improves the constraining power on $Ω_{\mathrm{m}}$-$S_8$ (FoM$_{\mathrm{KL}}$=1.70FoM$_{\mathrm{WL}}$) and $w_p$-$w_a$ (FoM$_{\mathrm{KL}}$=3.65FoM$_{\mathrm{WL}}$). We also explore a "narrow tomography KL survey" using 30 instead of the default 10 tomographic bins, however we find no meaningful enhancement to the FoM even when assuming a significant time-dependence in our fiducial dark energy input scenarios.
The effects of particle shape and sample grading on the behaviour of granular materials
Creators: name: Adesina, Peter
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: The influence of particle shape and particle size distribution on the macroscopic behaviour of granular materials is well established in experiments. However, the microscale mechanics which underly the macroscopic behaviour are not readily accessible in experiments. This research employs the discrete element method (DEM) which was proposed by Cundall & Strack (1979) to link the influence of particle shape and sample grading on the micromechanical behaviour of granular materials to the overall material behaviour. To achieve the aim of this research, isotropic assemblies with different sample densities, particle shapes and coefficients of uniformity, C_u, were prepared and subjected to drained shearing via biaxial compression until the critical state was reached. Macroscopic characteristics such as strength and dilatancy were determined. The factors underlying the macroscopic behaviour were then investigated by considering the coordination number, fabric anisotropy, particle moment, friction mobilization at contacts and particle rotation. The key macro-scale data from this research such as the strength and dilatancy confirm that the DEM simulations are effective analogues of sand. The macro-scale responses align with key expected behaviour characteristics of sand as observed in experiments. The critical state strength of the granular assemblies studied generally decreased with an increase in both the sphericity and the convexity of the particles; and increased as the aspect ratio, AR, increased. The critical state strength linearly increased with the Cu although at lower particle AR. The strength-dilatancy relationship established for sand was also established for the samples of various particle shapes studied here. The excess friction angle correlated highly with the dilatancy angles (R2 = 0.98) for the samples. The critical state strength correlates highly with the critical state coordination number, the void ratio and the mechanical void ratio of the granular assemblies studied. The shear strength exhibited by the granular assemblies also correlates with the moment transmitted between the particles and the friction mobilised at contacts. For the samples studied here, the critical state strength generally increased as the moment transmitted by the particles and the friction mobilised at the contacts increased. The susceptibility of the particles to rotation when the granular assemblies were sheared correlates with the strength exhibited by the assemblies. The mean particle rotation exhibited by the samples at the critical state was found to increase as both the sphericity and the convexity of the particles increased; an increase in the particle AR resulted in a decrease in the mean particle rotation and a corresponding increase in strength.
Sympatric speciation in diploid and male haploid populations
Creators: name: Ramadevan, Sanjay.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Using Simulation Optimization to Improve Zero-shot Policy Transfer of Quadrotors
Creators: name: Gronauer, Sven
name: Kissel, Matthias
name: Sacchetto, Luca
name: Korte, Mathias
name: Diepold, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we propose a data-driven approach to optimize the parameters of a simulation such that control policies can be directly transferred from simulation to a real-world quadrotor. Our neural network-based policies take only onboard sensor data as input and run entirely on the embedded hardware. In extensive real-world experiments, we compare low-level Pulse-Width Modulated control with higher-level control structures such as Attitude Rate and Attitude, which utilize Proportional-Integral-Derivative controllers to output motor commands. Our experiments show that low-level controllers trained with reinforcement learning require a more accurate simulation than higher-level control policies.
Design, development, optimisation and scale-up of liquid phase iterative synthesis by nanostar sieving for oligonucleotides
Creators: name: Cordrey, Jack
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Oligonucleotides, typically 18 to 25 nucleotides in length, are difficult to prepare at large scale and high purity using solid phase synthesis (SPS) of oligonucleotides, thereby requiring the use of extensive chromatography downstream to reach acceptable quality for clinical applications. The author has developed and optimised a liquid phase synthesis (LPS) methodology for preparing oligonucleotides that intrinsically allowed on-line monitoring of the coupling and deprotection reactions through UPLC-MS to be observed, and their respective kinetics and efficiencies throughout the synthesis to be determined. Thereby, any incomplete reactions were detected and driven to completion to improve synthesis yield and purity. This novel reaction monitoring system (RMS) enabled the selection of reagents and solvents that increased the reaction rate of both the coupling and detritylation reactions. This was in lieu of preventing side reactions caused by slow reaction kinetics. After each reaction, the growing oligonucleotide was separated from reaction debris using a two-stage organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) process. To enhance the separation, three independently growing oligonucleotides were linked to a central soluble hub molecule to create a 3-arm oligo homostar. This specific diafiltration process was named nanostar sieving (NS). The purified oligo homostar is then concentrated, again using membrane filtration, ready for the next chain extension. This methodology enabled LPS to be integrated into a closed loop process. Process engineering development led to the creation of synthesisers at 10-gram scale with process scale models built to represent 10-kilogram synthesisers based off experimental data collected, compared against process mass intensity (PMI) and economic data through a workshare agreement with GSK. The necessity for pure and dehydrated solvents, which was investigated through packed bed adsorption of water using zeolite molecular sieves, included adsorption isotherm data and the development of a process model to predict solvent dehydration. This research has introduced a disruptive technology platform, to compete against the current industry standard SPS and ultimately aimed at instilling change in current industry practices. As pharmaceutical markets in genetic drugs continue to grow, pulling resources across academia and industry has all led to the questions of scalability and thus profitability, which the NS protocol has demonstrated to answer.
Pseudo-scalar mesons: light front wave functions, GPDs and PDFs
Creators: name: Albino, L.
name: Higuera-Angulo, I. M.
name: Raya, K.
name: Bashir, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a unified algebraic model which satisfactorily describes the internal structure of pion and kaon as well as heavy quarkonia ($η_c$ and $η_b$). For each of these mesons, we compute their generalized parton distributions (GPDs), built through the overlap representation of their light-front wave function, tightly constrained by the modern and precise knowledge of their quark distribution amplitudes. From this three-dimensional knowledge of mesons, we deduce parton distribution functions (PDFs) as well as electromagnetic form factors and construct the impact parameter space GPDs. The PDFs for mesons formed with light quarks are then evolved from the hadronic scale of around 0.3 GeV to 5.2 GeV, probed in experiments. We make explicit comparisons with experimental results available and with earlier theoretical predictions.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures. Accepted in Physical Review D
Doping Effects on the Electronic Structure of an Anisotropic Kondo Semiconductor CeOs$_2$Al$_{10}$: An Optical Study with Re and Ir Substitution
Creators: name: Kimura, Shin-ichi
name: Takao, Hitoshi
name: Kawabata, Jo
name: Yamada, Yoshihiro
name: Takabatake, Toshiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An anisotropic Kondo semiconductor CeOs$_2$Al$_{10}$ exhibits an unusual antiferromagnetic order at rather high transition temperature $T_0$ of 28.5 K. Two possible origins of the magnetic order have been proposed so far, one is the Kondo coupling of the hybridization between the conduction ($c$) and the $4f$ states and the other is the charge-density wave/charge ordering along the orthorhombic $b$ axis. To clarify the origin of the magnetic order, we have investigated the electronic structure of hole- and electron-doped CeOs$_2$Al$_{10}$ [Ce(Os$_{1-y}$Re$_y$)$_2$Al$_{10}$ and Ce(Os$_{1-x}$Ir$_x$)$_2$Al$_{10}$, respectively] by using optical conductivity spectra along the $b$ axis. The intensity of the $c$-$f$ hybridization gap at $\hbarω\sim50$ meV continuously decreases from $y=0.10$ to $x=0.12$ via $x=y=0$. The intensity of the charge excitation observed at $\hbarω\sim20$ meV has the maximum at $x=y=0$ as similar with the doping dependence of $T_{\rm 0}$. The fact that the charge excitation is strongly related to the magnetic order strengthens the possibility of the charge density wave/charge ordering as the origin of the magnetic order.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
title: Understanding global flood hazard climatology for improved early flood warnings
Creators: name: Zsoter, Ervin
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: Earth system models have become viable alternatives to traditional hydrological models in supporting global hydrological forecasting of river flow during the last decades. Hydrological forecasting systems rely on a climatology of flood hazard to derive flood thresholds, which are used to generate early flood warnings. However, the derivation of these climatologies is not straightforward and limitations, errors and uncertainties may play a major role and can significantly influence the quality of the flood warnings. This thesis evaluates some of the crucial characteristics of the reanalysis data sets used to produce the flood hazard climatologies, such as the land data assimilation and snow scheme complexity. Limitations of these data sets are identified, with suggestions presented to further improve the hydrological modelling and threshold generation methodologies. This in turn will lead to improved climatologies as crucial elements in delivering higher quality flood warnings. It was found that increments produced by the land data assimilation of snow and soil moisture can lead to systematic water budget errors and subsequently contribute to significant errors in river discharge simulations. Results have also shown that a more complex snow scheme with multiple layers can generally improve river discharge unless there is permafrost, where improvements required further adjustments of the snow and soil freezing parametrisations. In addition, the linear trend analysis of a state-of-the-art hydrological reanalysis data set revealed widespread, dominantly negative trends globally, that can adversely impact on the use of thresholds in flood warnings, derived from these reanalyses. In order to improve the quality of the flood hazard climatologies, an alternative threshold generation method, using ensemble reforecasts, has been developed and shown to deliver vastly improved forecast reliability and skill. This thesis contributes to better understanding of the global flood hazard climatologies in Earth system models and implements a more sophisticated method for producing these climatologies which will deliver better flood warnings. Additional research avenues are also recommended to further improve the hydrological representation of the Earth system models and the generation of the flood hazard climatologies in order to achieve the best possible hydrological forecast quality.
$\mathrm{GL}(2)$-structures in dimension four, $H$-flatness and integrability
Creators: name: Krynski, Wojciech
name: Mettler, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that torsion-free four-dimensional $\mathrm{GL}(2)$-structures are flat up to a coframe transformation with a mapping taking values in a certain subgroup $H\subset\mathrm{SL}(4,\mathbb{R})$ which is isomorphic to a semidirect product of the three-dimensional continuous Heisenberg group $H_3(\mathbb{R})$ and the Abelian group $\mathbb{R}$. In addition, we show that the relevant PDE system is integrable in the sense that it admits a dispersionless Lax-pair.
description: 12 pages
Less effective hydrodynamic escape of H$_2$-H$_2$O atmospheres on terrestrial planets orbiting pre-main sequence M dwarfs
Creators: name: Yoshida, Tatsuya
name: Terada, Naoki
name: Ikoma, Masahiro
name: Kuramoto, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terrestrial planets currently in the habitable zones around M dwarfs likely experienced a long-term runaway greenhouse condition because of a slow decline in host-stellar luminosity in its pre-main sequence phase. Accordingly, they might have lost significant portions of their atmospheres including water vapor at high concentration by hydrodynamic escape induced by the strong stellar XUV irradiation. However, the atmospheric escape rates remain highly uncertain due partly to a lack of understanding of the effect of radiative cooling in the escape outflows. Here we carry out 1-D hydrodynamic escape simulations for an H$_{2}$-H$_{2}$O atmosphere on a planet with mass of $1M_{\oplus}$ considering radiative and chemical processes to estimate the atmospheric escape rate and follow the atmospheric evolution during the early runaway greenhouse phase. We find that the atmospheric escape rate decreases with the basal H$_{2}$O/H$_{2}$ ratio due to the energy loss by the radiative cooling of H$_{2}$O and chemical products such as OH and H$_{3}^{+}$: the escape rate of H$_{2}$ becomes one order of magnitude smaller when the basal H$_{2}$O/H$_{2}=0.1$ than that of the pure hydrogen atmosphere. The timescale for H$_{2}$ escape exceeds the duration of the early runaway greenhouse phase, depending on the initial atmospheric amount and composition, indicating that H$_{2}$ and H$_{2}$O could be left behind after the end of the runaway greenhouse phase. Our results suggest that temperate and reducing environments with oceans could be formed on some terrestrial planets around M dwarfs.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Integrable cosmological models in the Einstein and in the Jordan frames and Bianchi-I cosmology
Creators: name: Kamenshchik, A. Yu.
name: Pozdeeva, E. O.
name: Tronconi, A.
name: Venturi, G.
name: Vernov, S. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study integrable models in the Bianchi I metric case with scalar fields minimally and non-minimally coupled with gravity and the correspondence between their general solutions. Using the model with a minimally coupled scalar field and a constant potential as an example, we demonstrate how to obtain the general solutions of the corresponding models in the Jordan frame.
description: 6 pages, v2: minor corrections, references added
Aerial robots capable of advanced interaction: control and motion strategies for contact-based tasks
Creators: name: Stephens, Brett
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Aerial manipulators represent a relatively new field in the context of robotic ma- nipulation, expanding upon the expansive and impactful applications seen for fixed- based and terrestrial mobile-based manipulation to the third dimension. The field has seen prolific growth in the past decade as these flying systems have leveraged advancements in design, energy storage and compute to become readily viable tools for real-world tasks. Many challenges are still present, however, as these highly mobile platforms attempt to not only safely navigate within but also interact with and manipulate their environment. The work here focuses on the broad concept of compliance with respect to the robot’s environment, allowing the aerial manipulator to react in a stable and predictable manner when in contact with a planned or un- planned perturbation. As these flying systems are deployable within a large variety of contexts, the scenarios in which contact between robot and environment is ini- tiated are vast, and thus requires different compliance-based approaches depending upon the interaction type and characteristic of the environment. While compliance manifests both from a hardware and software perspective, the latter is emphasized in the work presented here as we propose the use of a variety of control and motion strategies that facilitate interaction. We frame our study by categorizing the type of interaction and character of the robot’s environment into binary groups: a simple or advanced interaction within a static or dynamic envi- ronment. We then progress through three aerial manipulation scenarios: 1) simple interaction in a static environment, 2) advanced interaction in a static environ- ment and 3) advanced interaction in a dynamic environment. The precise nature of the interaction and environment is rigorously addressed for each case. The aim is then to address each scenario from a control and integration perspective, offering an analysis on compliance-based controllers and their ability (or lack thereof) to facilitate the completion of defined tasks. While the research presented here is by no means exhaustive in this endeavor, the intent of progressing through these afore- mentioned scenarios is to gain insight into the control and motion requirements of an interactive aerial manipulator. Additionally, various aerial manipulation hard- ware platforms are considered within each context, illustrating the flexibility of the presented compliance-based control and motion methodologies
Ribosomal RNA gene activity in leukaemic cells of patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia
Creators: name: Brasch, Janice M.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
$L^p$-Strong solution for the stationary exterior Stokes equations with Navier boundary condition
Creators: name: Dhifaoui, Anis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76D07 35J25 76D03

description: This paper treats the stationary Stokes problem in exterior domain of $\mathbb{R}^3$ with Navier slip boundary condition. The behavior at infinity of the data and the solution are determined by setting the problem in $L^p$-spaces, for $p> 2$, with weights. The main results are the existence and uniqueness of strong solutions of the corresponding system.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2111.05822
Virtual stain transfer in histology via cascaded deep neural networks
Creators: name: Yang, Xilin
name: Bai, Bijie
name: Zhang, Yijie
name: Li, Yuzhu
name: de Haan, Kevin
name: Liu, Tairan
name: Ozcan, Aydogan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Pathological diagnosis relies on the visual inspection of histologically stained thin tissue specimens, where different types of stains are applied to bring contrast to and highlight various desired histological features. However, the destructive histochemical staining procedures are usually irreversible, making it very difficult to obtain multiple stains on the same tissue section. Here, we demonstrate a virtual stain transfer framework via a cascaded deep neural network (C-DNN) to digitally transform hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained tissue images into other types of histological stains. Unlike a single neural network structure which only takes one stain type as input to digitally output images of another stain type, C-DNN first uses virtual staining to transform autofluorescence microscopy images into H&E and then performs stain transfer from H&E to the domain of the other stain in a cascaded manner. This cascaded structure in the training phase allows the model to directly exploit histochemically stained image data on both H&E and the target special stain of interest. This advantage alleviates the challenge of paired data acquisition and improves the image quality and color accuracy of the virtual stain transfer from H&E to another stain. We validated the superior performance of this C-DNN approach using kidney needle core biopsy tissue sections and successfully transferred the H&E-stained tissue images into virtual PAS (periodic acid-Schiff) stain. This method provides high-quality virtual images of special stains using existing, histochemically stained slides and creates new opportunities in digital pathology by performing highly accurate stain-to-stain transformations.
description: 14 Pages, 4 Figures, 1 Table
Discovery of two new Fast X-ray Transients with INTEGRAL: IGR J03346+4414 and IGR J20344+3913
Creators: name: Sguera, V.
name: Sidoli, L.
name: Paizis, A.
name: Bird, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery of two Fast X-ray Transients (FXTs) from analysis of archival INTEGRAL data. Both are characterized by a remarkable hard X-ray activity above 20 keV, in term of duration (about 15 and 30 minutes, respectively), peak-flux (about 10^-9 erg cm^-2 s^-1) and dynamic range (about 2400 and 1360, respectively). Swift/XRT follow-up observations failed to detect any quiescent or low level soft X-ray emission from either of the two FXTs, providing an upper limit of the order of a few times 10^-12 erg cm^-2 s^-1. The main spectral and temporal IBIS/ISGRI characteristics are presented and discussed with the aim of infering possible hints on their nature.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 9 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Bibliographische Übersicht der 1990 erschienenen Veröffentlichungen über die Brüdergemeine (mit Nachträgen)
Creators: name: Peucker, P. M.
Publisher: name: Unitas Fratrum
Year: 1970

description: Unitas Fratrum, Bd. 29 (1991): Unitas Fratrum, Band 29/30