cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Aircraft 8 Passengers Design [RAVEN]
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Bahaa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90101 Aerodynamics (excl. Hypersonic Aerodynamics)
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 90103 Aerospace Structures
subject: Aerospace Engineering
subject: Mechanical Engineering

description: The aim of this project is to design a light Twin Engine propeller aircraft
that can cater to small range about 450 miles and with a cruise speed 240 Knots. The project involves the design of light Twin Engine propeller aircraft which could accommodate about 6 passengers not including the pilot and co-pilot and considering no attendants involved providing a medium level of comfort that a twin propeller driven with small range is expected to provide. The aircraft design has been construct on some certain step processes. The processes that are applied in this project is goes like this; weight estimation, initial sizing, airfoil and geometry selection ,Thrust to weight and wing loading analysis, configuration layout, propulsion and fuel system analysis, aerodynamic analysis, stability and finally the cost analysis. Those processes has been implemented in this project and each and every study is applied by comply the methods and rules that are gathered from aircraft design books.
The OH Megamaser galaxy IRAS11506-3851: an AGN and starformation revealed by multiwavelength observations
Creators: name: Hekatelyne, C.
name: Riffel, Rogemar A.
name: Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa
name: Kharb, Preeti
name: Robinson, Andrew
name: Sales, Dinalva
name: Cassanta, Claudia M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS) Integral Field Unit (IFU), Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Very Large Array (VLA) observations of the OH Megamaser (OHM) galaxy IRAS 11506-3851. The HST images reveal an isolated spiral galaxy and the combination with the GMOS-IFU flux distributions and VLA data allow us to identify a partial ring of star-forming regions surrounding the nucleus with a radius of ~ 500 pc. While this ring shows starburst excitation and low velocity dispersion, the region internal to the ring shows higher excitation and velocity dispersion values, with values increasing towards its borders at ~ 240 pc from the nucleus, resembling a projected bubble. The enhanced excitation and velocity dispersion of this bubble surrounds a 8.5 GHz radio emission structure, supporting its origin in a faint AGN that is mostly shocking the surrounding gas via a plasma ejection seen in radio at the present stage. This is the fourth of the 5 OHM galaxies we have studied so far (from our sample of 15 OHM) for which GMOS-IFU data indicate the presence of a previously unknown faint AGN at the nucleus, consistent with the hypothesis that OHM galaxies harbor recently triggered AGN.
Trust in Scientists and Food Manufacturers, with Implications for the Public Support of Biotechnology
Creators: name: James, Harvey S.
name: James, Harvey S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: The purpose of this paper is to determine what factor affect trust in scientists and food manufacturers, and to examine how trust in these institutions affects public support for biotechnology. Data from the U.S. Biotechnology Study reveal that benefits from biotechnology and expectations of trustworthiness are correlated with trust in scientists, but benefits and costs of biotechnology, and expectations of trustworthiness and competence of biotechnology institutions, are important determinants of trust in food manufacturers. The data also reveal that trust in scientists and food manufacturers has a large and important effect on public support for biotechnology, but trust in scientists is more important for public support than trust in food manufacturers.
Emerging B2B electronic marketplaces : explaining organizational participation with transaction cost perspective
Creators: name: Tang, Rong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: With the growing popularity of B2B e-marketplaces, increasing numbers of organizations are endeavouring to utilize this medium in their business activities. However, the present knowledge regarding B2B e-marketplace adoption processes is still limited. Therefore, the present study investigates circumstances under which organizations adopt B2B e-marketplaces. More specifically, it is primarily concerned with the factors motivating an organization's participation in B2B e-marketplaces from the purchasing manager's perspective, based on insights and observations obtained from transaction cost economics. A single unified framework was developed based on previous findings to investigate the emergence of efficiency motive within organizations, and to analyze the role of this motivation in organizational participation processes. A large-scale cross-sectional survey study targeted the membership of the Purchasing Management Association of Canada (PMAC) was used for empirical validation of this framework. Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis was chosen to test the measurement model and the conceptual model based on 466 usable responses obtained. The results demonstrate that efficiency motive exerts a significant influence on intentions to adopt B2B e-marketplaces, and reveal three transaction characteristics that significantly contribute to the formulation of efficiency motive: frequency uncertainty of demand, asset specificity, and market fragmentation.
Projects Exchange 2021: Australian Data Partnerships Program #2
Creators: name: Brady, Catherine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: ARDC, project exchange, Australian Data Partnerships, National Data Assets

description: The ARDC 2021 Projects Exchange showcased the 41 ARDC co-investment projects that commenced in 2021. This session presents projects in the Australian Data Partnerships program, which aim to create or develop high quality data collections that support leading edge research (publications, grants, impact, science priorities) and are national in scale (not institutional). This presentation includes: Language Data Commons of Australia - Michael Haugh (UQ) Harnessing fish and shark image data for powerful biodiversity reporting - Tim Langlois (UWA) Boosting public health research with a national poisoning dataset - Nicholas Buckley (USyd) Australian National Child Health and Development Atlas - Rebecca Glauert (Telethon Kids) Development of a National Infrastructure for in-situ wave observations - Sebastien Mancini (UTas) A comprehensive national scale human mobility data asset for Australia - Jessica Liebig (CSIRO) The video recording of this session can be viewed on ARDC's YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DpzA9FEL1v4
Statistical Mechanics Characterization of Neuronal Mosaics
Creators: name: Costa, Luciano da Fontoura
name: Rocha, Fernando
name: de Lima, Silene Maria Araujo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The spatial distribution of neuronal cells is an important requirement for achieving proper neuronal function in several parts of the nervous system of most animals. For instance, specific distribution of photoreceptors and related neuronal cells, particularly the ganglion cells, in mammal's retina is required in order to properly sample the projected scene. This work presents how two concepts from the areas of statistical mechanics and complex systems, namely the \emph{lacunarity} and the \emph{multiscale entropy} (i.e. the entropy calculated over progressively diffused representations of the cell mosaic), have allowed effective characterization of the spatial distribution of retinal cells.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, The following article has been submitted to Applied Physics Letters. If it is published, it will be found online at http://apl.aip.org/
Grid-Based Stochastic Model Predictive Control for Trajectory Planning in Uncertain Environments
Creators: name: Brüdigam, Tim
name: di Luzio, Fulvio
name: Pallottino, Lucia
name: Wollherr, Dirk
name: Leibold, Marion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Stochastic Model Predictive Control has proved to be an efficient method to plan trajectories in uncertain environments, e.g., for autonomous vehicles. Chance constraints ensure that the probability of collision is bounded by a predefined risk parameter. However, considering chance constraints in an optimization problem can be challenging and computationally demanding. In this paper, we present a grid-based Stochastic Model Predictive Control approach. This approach allows to determine a simple deterministic reformulation of the chance constraints and reduces the computational effort, while considering the stochastic nature of the environment. Within the proposed method, we first divide the environment into a grid and, for each predicted step, assign each cell a probability value, which represents the probability that this cell will be occupied by surrounding vehicles. Then, the probabilistic grid is transformed into a binary grid of admissible and inadmissible cells by applying a threshold, representing a risk parameter. Only cells with an occupancy probability lower than the threshold are admissible for the controlled vehicle. Given the admissible cells, a convex hull is generated, which can then be used for trajectory planning. Simulations of an autonomous driving highway scenario show the benefits of the proposed grid-based Stochastic Model Predictive Control method.
description: Accepted to the 2020 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems. The published version is available at https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC45102.2020.9294388
Chinese Synthetic Fiber Capacity and its Impacts on Natural Fiber Markets
Creators: name: Meyer, Seth D.
name: Meyers, William H.
name: Meyer, Seth D.
name: Meyers, William H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Chinese synthetic fiber capacity is more than 100 times larger than it was just 30 years ago. It represents more capacity than exists in the United States and Western Europe combined and continues to expand each year to serve the growing Chinese textile industry. Historically, the Chinese government has provided support to the synthetic fiber industry and encouraged its expansion. At the same time, petroleum consumption in China continues to expand, and China is now the second largest petroleum consumer in the world. As a byproduct of petroleum distillation, the feeder materials for synthetic fiber production are readily available in the marketplace. In the presence of inter-fiber competition, the large amount of synthetic production capacity may have consequences for world cotton consumption and prices. With changes in Chinese government support to the synthetic fiber industry or other changes in the demand for synthetic capacity, there is the potential for indirect consequences on cotton fiber markets. Using a structural econometric model of inter-fiber competition, such impacts are investigated. Man-made fiber production is handled in a unique fashion, with capacity and utilization rates estimated separately to determine production. Models of man-made fiber markets in China, Japan, and Taiwan as well as the United States will help to more fully represent the market for man-made fibers. The world cotton market is covered with country level models for all countries of primary importance in the natural fibers markets with the remainder of the world broken up into regional blocks. The model includes relevant input prices at the mill level to reflect inter-fiber competition, and therefore contains the most important factors determining cotton production, prices and trade. To simulate a reduction of subsidization provided to the synthetic fiber industry by the Chinese government, changes in Chinese synthetic capacity are imposed to determine the impact on world cotton markets.
Fully Arbitrary Control of Frequency-Bin Qubits
Creators: name: Lu, Hsuan-Hao
name: Simmerman, Emma M.
name: Lougovski, Pavel
name: Weiner, Andrew M.
name: Lukens, Joseph M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate control of two-level systems is a longstanding problem in quantum mechanics. One such quantum system is the frequency-bin qubit: a single photon existing in superposition of two discrete frequency modes. %and a potential building block for scalable, fiber-compatible quantum information processing. In this work, we demonstrate fully arbitrary control of frequency-bin qubits in a quantum frequency processor for the first time. We numerically establish optimal settings for multiple configurations of electro-optic phase modulators and pulse shapers, experimentally confirming near-unity mode-transformation fidelity for all fundamental rotations. Performance at the single-photon level is validated through the rotation of a single frequency-bin qubit to 41 points spread over the entire Bloch sphere, as well as tracking of the state path followed by the output of a tunable frequency beamsplitter, with Bayesian tomography confirming state fidelities $\mathcal{F}_ρ>0.98$ for all cases. Such high-fidelity transformations expand the practical potential of frequency encoding in quantum communications, offering exceptional precision and low noise in general qubit manipulation.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
ZUR INSTITUTIONELLEN STEUERBARKEIT VON PRODUKTIVEM UNTERNEHMERTUM IM TRANSFORMATIONSPROZESS RUSSLANDS
Creators: name: Petrick, Martin
name: Petrick, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Unternehmertum
subject: Russland
subject: Transformationsprozess
subject: institutionelle Steuerung
subject: entrepreneurship
subject: Russia
subject: transition process
subject: institutional reform.

description: Der Transformationsprozess Russlands von einer zentralstaatlich geplanten Volkswirtschaft hin zu einer Marktwirtschaft nach westlichem Vorbild liefert eine aufschlussreiche Fallstudie über die von William Baumol (1990) vertretene These der institutionellen Steuerbarkeit von produktivem Unternehmertum durch einen unabhängigen und wohlmeinenden Staat (Journal of Political Economy 98, S. 893-921). Entgegen Baumols Annahme von der Konstanz des Unternehmertums in Raum und Zeit gibt es empirische und historische Hinweise, dass die Verbreitung von unternehmerischen Eigenschaften und Verhalten in Russland deutlich geringer ist als in anderen Ländern. Im Transformationsprozess nahmen politische Unternehmer nicht nur aktiv an der Ausgestaltung der institutionellen Regeln teil (etwa bei der Privatisierung von Staatsunternehmen), sondern schufen sich durch stark vertikal integrierte Industrieverbünde von ihnen selbst kontrollierte quasi-staatliche Strukturen.
High altitude wind velocity at Sierra Negra and San Pedro Mártir
Creators: name: Carrasco, Esperanza
name: Avila, Remy
name: Carramiñana, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed that the global circulation of the atmosphere winds at 200 mb can be used as a criteria to establish the suitability of a site for the development of adaptive optics techniques such as slow wavefront corrugation correction. By using the NOAA NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data base we analyze the monthly average wind velocity at 200 mb for a 16 year period, for two sites in Mexico: Sierra Negra and San Pedro Mártir. We compare the results with those obtained for Mauna Kea, Paranal and La Silla, with Maidanak in Uzbekistan, and with Gamsberg in Namibia. We show that for all the sites under study there is a yearly wind speed modulation and we model that modulation. Our results show that Sierra Negra and San Pedro Mártir are comparable with the best observatory sites as Mauna Kea and are amongst the most advantageous sites to apply adaptive optics techniques.
description: Accepted for publication in PASP; 14 pages, 6 tables, 2 figures
Self-consistent variational theory for globules
Creators: name: Dua, Arti
name: Vilgis, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A self-consistent variational theory for globules based on the uniform expansion method is presented. This method, first introduced by Edwards and Singh to estimate the size of a self-avoiding chain, is restricted to a good solvent regime, where two-body repulsion leads to chain swelling. We extend the variational method to a poor solvent regime where the balance between the two-body attractive and the three-body repulsive interactions leads to contraction of the chain to form a globule. By employing the Ginzburg criterion, we recover the correct scaling for the $θ$-temperature. The introduction of the three-body interaction term in the variational scheme recovers the correct scaling for the two important length scales in the globule - its overall size $R$, and the thermal blob size $ξ_{T}$. Since these two length scales follow very different statistics - Gaussian on length scales $ξ_{T}$, and space filling on length scale $R$ - our approach extends the validity of the uniform expansion method to non-uniform contraction rendering it applicable to polymeric systems with attractive interactions. We present one such application by studying the Rayleigh instability of polyelectrolyte globules in poor solvents. At a critical fraction of charged monomers, $f_c$, along the chain backbone, we observe a clear indication of a first-order transition from a globular state at small $f$, to a stretched state at large $f$; in the intermediate regime the bistable equilibrium between these two states shows the existence of a pearl-necklace structure.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Lattice dynamics in the conformational environment of multilayered hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) conveys to peculiar infrared optical responses
Creators: name: Cigarini, Luigi
name: Novotný, Michal
name: Karlický, František
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stacking mismatches in hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanostructures affect their photonic, mechanical, and thermal properties. To access information about the stacked configuration of layered ensembles, highly sophisticated techniques like X-ray photoemission spectroscopy or electron microscopy are necessary. Here, instead, by taking advantage of the geometrical and chemical nature of h-BN, we show how simple structural models, based on shortened interplanar distances, can produce effective charge densities. Accounting these in the non-analytical part of the lattice dynamical description makes it possible to access information about the composition of differently stacked variants in experimental samples characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The results are obtained by density functional theory and confirmed by various functionals and pseudopotential approximations. Even though the method is shown on h-BN, the conclusions are more general and show how effective dielectric models can be considered as valuable theoretical pathways for the vibrational structure of any layered material.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, 4 tables. Supplemental Material: 17 pages, 18 figures, 6 tables
Wave equation on certain noncompact symmetric spaces
Creators: name: Zhang, Hong-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 43A85, 22E30, 35P25, 47J35, 58D25

description: In this paper, we prove sharp pointwise kernel estimates and dispersive properties for the linear wave equation on noncompact Riemannian symmetric spaces G/K of any rank with G complex. As a consequence, we deduce Strichartz inequalities for a large family of admissible pairs and prove global well-posedness results for the corresponding semilinear equation with low regularity data as on hyperbolic spaces.
description: To appear in Pure and Applied Analysis
A DFT study on the mechanical properties of hydrogenated and fluorinated germanene sheets
Creators: name: Goli, M.
name: Mozvashi, S. M.
name: Aghdasi, P.
name: Yousefi, Sh.
name: Ansari, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density functional theory (DFT) is used to investigate the mechanical properties of pure, fully hydrogenated, semi-hydrogenated, fully fluorinated, and semi-fluorinated germanene sheets, including Young's and bulk moduli, and plastic properties. Also, the electronic properties, namely the planar average electron difference density, are considered to evaluate the bonding characteristics of pure and adsorbed germanenes. The results show that the effect of adsorption decreases the electron accumulation between Ge atoms, i.e. weaker covalent bonds. This weakening in the covalent bonds results in the reduction of Young's and bulk moduli, which are calculated through the second derivation of the total energy versus strain. Furthermore, it is observed that the yield strain of fully fluorinated germanene remains unchanged under uniaxial loading as compared to the pristine structure. Moreover, the yield strain of the germanene is increased under biaxial loading, while it is affected by full hydrogenation adsorption.
Super and Sub-Poissonian photon statistics for single molecule spectroscopy
Creators: name: He, Yong
name: Barkai, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the distribution of the number of photons emitted by a single molecule undergoing a spectral diffusion process and interacting with a continuous wave laser field. The spectral diffusion is modeled based on a stochastic approach, in the spirit of the Anderson-Kubo line shape theory. Using a generating function formalism we solve the generalized optical Bloch equations, and obtain an exact analytical formula for the line shape and Mandel's Q parameter. The line shape exhibits well known behaviors, including motional narrowing when the stochastic modulation is fast, and power broadening. The Mandel parameter, describing the line shape fluctuations, exhibits a transition from a Quantum sub-Poissonian behavior in the fast modulation limit, to a classical super-Poissonian behavior found in the slow modulation limit. Our result is applicable for weak and strong laser field, namely for arbitrary Rabi frequency. We show how to choose the Rabi frequency in such a way that the Quantum sub-Poissonian nature of the emission process becomes strongest. A lower bound on $Q$ is found, and simple limiting behaviors are investigated. A non-trivial behavior is obtained in the intermediate modulation limit, when the time scales for spectral diffusion and the life time of the excited state, become similar. A comparison is made between our results, and previous ones derived based on the semi-classical generalized Wiener--Khintchine theorem.
description: 14 Phys. Rev style pages, 10 figures
MgB2 thick film grown on Stainless steel substrate with ductility
Creators: name: Feng, Qing-rong
name: Chen, Chinping
name: Lu, Ying
name: Zia, Zhang
name: Guo, Jing-pu
name: Wang, Xiao-nan
name: Zhu, Meng
name: Xu, Jun
name: Wang, Yong-zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MgB2 thick film was synthesized on the stainless steel substrate by the technique of hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition (HPCVD), using Mg ingot and B2H6 as the raw materials. The film thickness is about 10 microns. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images reveal that it is consisting of highly dense MgB2 crystals with the size ranging from 0.2 to 3 microns. The superconducting transition occurs at 38 K (Tc, onset) and ends at 27 K (Tc, zero), giving the transition width of 11 K. The fabricated film exhibits high ductility and remains attached to the substrate after it was bent to a curvature of about 200 microns.
description: 4 pages, Proceedings of SPIE, the 5th International Conference on Thin Film Physics and Applications 2004
Applying Safeguard Measures in Jordan: A Framework for Protecting the Domestic Industry in Jordan
Creators: name: Malkawi, Bashar H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 180105 Commercial and Contract Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Many countries have undertaken commitments to liberalize trade by lowering tariffs and non-tariff barriers.However, safeguard measures are intended to shield temporarily a domestic industry from increased imports that threaten to harm the domestic industry. Jordan, as member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), enacted its own laws to comply with WTO requirements. Law No. 50/2002 on the Protection of National Production sets conditions for imposing safeguard measures.
Thunderbird boathouse : a community development Fraser River-Middle Arm, city centre Richmond
Creators: name: Beresford, Brian I.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: As the City of Richmond grows and continues its transition into a progressively urban landscape, many development opportunities will arrive providing exciting and challenging design interventions, both large and small. Nowhere will this be more apparent then within the City Centre district where the existing strip-mall and industrial land-use will gradually change into higher-density residential and commercial/ retail land-use. This transition will become all the more apparent in the advent of the proposed introduction of the Rapid Transit Line running down the unofficial Main Street in No. 3 Road. Considering the potential redevelopment of this region, the adjacent riverfront will become an important public-space in which the identity and the character of the area may be fostered. The intention of this thesis is to provide a full-scale examination of the potential of the riverfront redevelopment within this region. Further, this thesis focuses on the development and implementation of the currently proposed Thunderbird Boathouse along the shores of the existing dyke/ riverfront edge and its role and place within a larger riverfront redevelopment design. This facility will provide a central hub within the existing and future riverfront environment, establishing an axis mundi from which the community can identify and orientate themselves around. In order to understand and develop a comprehensive design proposal for the Thunderbird Boathouse and adjacent riverfront, this thesis first examines redevelopment options for the City Centre district and then applies this analysis into the creation of a new City Centre riverfront environment. Within this context the design, layout, and implementation of the Thunderbird Boathouse is explored, focusing on connecting this facility within its existing and future landscape.
Shark Tooth Biface from Thenon / Perigord Noir: MTA or older?
Creators: name: Katzman, Jean Luc
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 210102 Archaeological Science
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 210105 Archaeology of Europe, the Mediterranean and the Levant

description: Discussion about a Shark Tooth Biface from the Vezere Valley
Solar structure and evolution
Creators: name: Christensen-Dalsgaard, Joergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sun provides a critical benchmark for the general study of stellar structure and evolution. Also, knowledge about the internal properties of the Sun is important for the understanding of solar atmospheric phenomena, including the solar magnetic cycle. Here I provide a brief overview of the theory of stellar structure and evolution, including the physical processes and parameters that are involved. This is followed by a discussion of solar evolution, extending from the birth to the latest stages. As a background for the interpretation of observations related to the solar interior I provide a rather extensive analysis of the sensitivity of solar models to the assumptions underlying their calculation. I then discuss the detailed information about the solar interior that has become available through helioseismic investigations and the detection of solar neutrinos, with further constraints provided by the observed abundances of the lightest elements. Revisions in the determination of the solar surface abundances have led to increased discrepancies, discussed in some detail, between the observational inferences and solar models. I finally briefly address the relation of the Sun to other similar stars and the prospects for asteroseismic investigations of stellar structure and evolution.
description: Invited review for Living Reviews in Solar Physics
Chiral Extrapolations and the Covariant Small Scale Expansion
Creators: name: Bernard, Véronique
name: Hemmert, Thomas R.
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the nucleon and the delta mass to fourth order in a covariant formulation of the small scale expansion. We analyze lattice data from the MILC collaboration and demonstrate that the available lattice data combined with our knowledge of the physical values for the nucleon and delta masses lead to consistent chiral extrapolation functions for both observables up to fairly large pion masses. This holds in particular for very recent data on the delta mass from the QCDSF collaboration. The resulting pion-nucleon sigma term is sigma_{piN} = 48.9 MeV. This first quantitative analysis of the quark-mass dependence of the structure of the Delta(1232) in full QCD within chiral effective field theory suggests that (the real part of) the nucleon-delta mass-splitting in the chiral limit, Delta_0 = 0.33 GeV, is slightly larger than at the physical point. Further analysis of simultaneous fits to nucleon and delta lattice data are needed for a precision determination of the properties of the first excited state of the nucleon.
description: 11 pp, 2 figs, version accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Long-range dynamics of magnetic impurities coupled to a two-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Luscher, Andreas
name: Sushkov, Oleg P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a square lattice with weakly coupled impurities, i.e. additional spins interacting with the host magnet by a small dimensionless coupling constant g<<1. Using linear spin-wave theory, we find that the magnetization disturbance at distance r from a single impurity behaves as g/r for 1<>1/g. Surprisingly the disturbance is inversely proportional to the coupling constant! The interaction between two impurities separated by a distance r is proportional to g^2/r for 1<>1/g. Hence at large distances, the interaction is universal and independent of the coupling constant. We also find that the frequency of Rabi oscillations between two impurities is proportional to g^2 ln(gr) at 1<
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
D2.1 TERRANOVA system requirements
Creators: name: Salgado, Jose
name: Silva, Nelson
name: Elschner, Robert
name: Alexandros-Apostolos A. Boulogeorgos
name: Katsiotis, Alexandros
name: Kritharidis, Dimitrios
name: Alexiou, Angeliki
name: Jonnas Kokkoniemi
name: Lehtomaki, Janne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: The present deliverable, titled “D2.1 TERRANOVA system requirements”, focuses on the system requirements of Terabit/s Wireless Connectivity by Terahertz innovative technologies to deliver Optical Network Quality of Experience in Systems beyond 5G (TERRANOVA). Initially details the key use cases for the TERRANOVA technology and presents the description of the network architecture. In more detail, the use cases are classified into two categories, namely backhaul & fronthaul, mobile and fixed wireless access. The first category refers to fibre extender, point-topoint and redundancy applications, whereas the latter is designed to support corporate backup connection for large and SMEs, internet of things (IoT) dense environments, data centres, indoor wireless access, ad hoc networks, and last mile access. Then, it provides the networks architecture for the TERRANOVA system as well as the network elements that need to be deployed. The use cases are matched to specific technical scenarios, namely outdoor fixed point-to-point (P2P), outdoor/indoor individual point-to-multipoint (P2MP), and outdoor/indoor “quasi”-omnidirection, and the key performance requirements of each scenario are identified. Finally, we present the breakthrough novel technology concepts, including the joint design of baseband signal processing for the complete optical and wireless link, the development of broadband and spectrally efficient RF-frontends for frequencies >275 GHz, as well as channel modelling, waveforms, antenna array and multiple-access schemes design, which we are going to use in order to satisfy the presented requirements. The main outcomes of the deliverable are:  The identification of a set of TERRANOVA use cases that are used to identify requirements, both in terms of functionality and performance, that the system must support.  The description of the preliminary network architecture, as well as the network elements of the envisioned TERRANOVA system.  The specification of the technical scenarios that correspond to the application use cases as well as their key performance requirements.  The presentation of the technological enablers that will allow us to achieve these requirements.
Employment as a factor increasing the population well-being in a social market economy
Creators: name: Kuldurova, Batima
name: Kuldurova, Batima
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Competitiveness
subject: employment
subject: life quality
subject: social policy
subject: profits
subject: welfare.

description: The paper infers competiveness of a national economy in connection with the country’s capacity to provide sufficient and sustainable employment. The author argues the importance of reverse link that goes from sustainable employment and well-being in a country to competiveness of national economy. It is concluded that active social policy is important tool in providing impulses to competitiveness of economy,
The Yang-Mills vacuum in Coulomb gauge
Creators: name: Epple, D.
name: Feuchter, C.
name: Reinhardt, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Yang-Mills Schrödinger equation is solved in Coulomb gauge for the vacuum by the variational principle using an ansatz for the wave functional, which is strongly peaked at the Gribov horizon. We find an infrared suppressed gluon propagator, an infrared singular ghost propagator and an almost linearly rising confinement potential. Using these solutions we calculate the electric field of static color charge distributions relevant for mesons and baryons.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings ``Confinement Conference Sardinia 2004''
An LP based distribution network planning tool for a large pulp and paper company
Creators: name: Lavieri, Mariel Sofía
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: NorskeCanada, a large pulp and paper manufacturer, was striving to improve its distribution system and reduce lead times. Given the size and complexity of the network, it was not clear where the system bottlenecks were. It was agreed with the company that the project would be conducted in two phases. In Phase I, high level process maps were created in order to understand what factors affected distribution lead times. In addition, a comprehensive sample of lead-time data was analyzed. In Phase II, a high-level distribution optimization model was created to be used for strategic decisions. The purpose of this large-scale PC based linear programming model is to determine the amount of product to send on each route and transportation mode in order to minimize total distribution costs on a monthly basis. Its simplicity to use and expand, make it ideal for scenario and "What-If" analyses.
Tagging boosted hadronic objects with dynamical grooming
Creators: name: Mehtar-Tani, Yacine
name: Soto-Ontoso, Alba
name: Tywoniuk, Konrad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the phenomenological applicability of the dynamical grooming technique, introduced in [1], to boosted W and top tagging at LHC conditions. An extension of our method intended for multi-prong decays with an internal mass scale, such as the top quark decay, is presented. First, we tackle the reconstruction of the mass distribution of W and top jets quantifying the smearing due to pileup. When compared to state-of-the-art grooming algorithms like SoftDrop and its recursive version, dynamical grooming shows an enhanced resilience to background fluctuations. In addition, we asses the discriminating power of dynamical grooming to distinguish W (top) jets from QCD ones by performing a two-step analysis: introduce a cut on the groomed mass around the W (top) mass peak followed by a restriction on the N-subjettinnes ratio $τ_{21}$ ($τ_{32}$). For W jets, the out-of-the-box version of dynamical grooming, free of ad-hoc parameters, results into a comparable performance to SoftDrop. Regarding the top tagger efficiency, 3-prong dynamical grooming, in spite of its simplicity, presents better performance than SoftDrop and similar results to Recursive SoftDrop.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Innovative approach in improving of housing and municipal services in Kazakhstan
Creators: name: Shelomentsev, Pavel
name: Shelomentsev, Pavel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: Housing
subject: municipal economy
subject: innovative approach
subject: improvement mechanism.

description: The author argue necessity to approach to housing and municipal sector in Kazakhstan as to market-based and comprehensive system producing quality and stable services to consumers. The article profiles policy directions and particular tasks and tools for further reforms in housing and municipal economy in the country.
Non-commutative tori and Fourier-Mukai duality
Creators: name: Ben-Bassat, Oren
name: Block, Jonathan
name: Pantev, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14A22, 53D55, 14A20, 58B34

description: The classical Fourier-Mukai duality establishes an equivalence of categories between the derived categories of sheaves on dual complex tori. In this article we show that this equivalence extends to an equivalence between two dual objects. Both of these are generalized deformations of the complex tori. In one case, a complex torus is deformed formally in a non-commutative direction specified by a holomorphic Poisson structure. In the other, the dual complex torus is deformed in a B-field direction to a formal gerbe. We show these two deformations are Fourier-Mukai equivalent.
description: 80 pages, LaTeX2e
Covariant description of kinetic freeze out through a finite time-like layer
Creators: name: Molnar, E.
name: Csernai, L. P.
name: Magas, V. K.
name: Lazar, Zs. I.
name: Nyiri, A.
name: Tamosiunas, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Freeze Out (FO) problem is addressed for a covariant FO probability and a finite FO layer with a time-like normal vector continuing the line of studies introduced in Ref. [1]. The resulting post FO momentum distribution functions are presented and discussed. We show that in general the post FO distributions are non-thermal and asymmetric distributions even for time-like FO situations.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures, major rewrite with changed content, corrected typos and new references added
A Magnon Scattering Platform
Creators: name: Zhou, Tony X.
name: Carmiggelt, Joris J.
name: Gächter, Lisa M.
name: Esterlis, Ilya
name: Sels, Dries
name: Stöhr, Rainer J.
name: Du, Chunhui
name: Fernandez, Daniel
name: Rodriguez-Nieva, Joaquin F.
name: Büttner, Felix
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Yacoby, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering experiments have revolutionized our understanding of nature. Examples include the discovery of the nucleus, crystallography, and the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA. Scattering techniques differ by the type of the particles used, the interaction these particles have with target materials and the range of wavelengths used. Here, we demonstrate a new 2-dimensional table-top scattering platform for exploring magnetic properties of materials on mesoscopic length scales. Long lived, coherent magnonic excitations are generated in a thin film of YIG and scattered off a magnetic target deposited on its surface. The scattered waves are then recorded using a scanning NV center magnetometer that allows sub-wavelength imaging and operation under conditions ranging from cryogenic to ambient environment. While most scattering platforms measure only the intensity of the scattered waves, our imaging method allows for spatial determination of both amplitude and phase of the scattered waves thereby allowing for a systematic reconstruction of the target scattering potential. Our experimental results are consistent with theoretical predictions for such a geometry and reveal several unusual features of the magnetic response of the target, including suppression near the target edges and gradient in the direction perpendicular to the direction of surface wave propagation. Our results establish magnon scattering experiments as a new platform for studying correlated many-body systems.
A finite box as a tool to distinguish free quarks from confinement at high temperatures
Creators: name: Glozman, L. Ya.
name: Lang, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Above the pseudocritical temperature T_c of chiral symmetry restoration a chiral spin symmetry (a symmetry of the color charge and of electric confinement) emerges in QCD. This implies that QCD is in a confining mode and there are no free quarks. At the same time correlators of operators constrained by a conserved current behave as if quarks were free. This explains observed fluctuations of conserved charges and the absence of the rho-like structures seen via dileptons. An independent evidence that one is in a confining mode is very welcome. Here we suggest a new tool how to distinguish free quarks from a confining mode. If we put the system into a finite box, then if the quarks are free one necessarily obtains a remarkable diffractive pattern in the propagator of a conserved current. This pattern is clearly seen in a lattice calculation in a finite box and it vanishes in the infinite volume limit as well as in the continuum. In contrast, the full QCD calculations in a finite box show the absence of the diffractive pattern implying that the quarks are confined.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. A new figure has been added and discussion that clarifies the main point of the paper has been expanded. Accepted by EPJA
3D shape of epithelial cells on curved substrates
Creators: name: Harmand, Nicolas
name: Hénon, Sylvie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: It is widely recognized that the shape of epithelial cells is determined by the tension generated by the actomyosin cortex and the adhesion of cells to the substrate and to each other. To account for these biological and structural contributions to cell shape, different physical models have been proposed. However, an experimental procedure that would allow a validation of a minimal physical model for the shape of epithelial cells in 3D has not yet been proposed. In this study, we cultured MDCK epithelial cells on substrates with a sinusoidal profile, allowing us to measure the shape of the cells on various positive and negative curvatures. We found that MDCK cells are thicker in the valleys than on the crests of sinusoidal substrates. The influence of curvature on the shape of epithelial cells could not be understood with a model using only differential apical, basal and lateral surface energies. However, the addition of an apical line tension was sufficient to quantitatively account for the experimental measurements. The model also accounts for the shape of MDCK cells that overexpress E-cadherin. On the other hand, when reducing myosin II activity with blebbistatin, we measured a saturation of the difference in cell thickness between valleys and crests, suggesting the need for a term limiting large cell deformations. Our results show that a minimal model that accounts for epithelial cell shape needs to include an apical line tension in addition to differential surface energies, highlighting the importance of structures that produce anisotropic tension in epithelial cells, such as the actin belt linking adherens junctions. In the future, our experimental procedure could be used to test a wider range of physical models for the shape of epithelia in curved environments, including, for example, continuous models.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures