cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Possible Distance Bias for Type Ia Supernovae with Different Ejecta Velocities
Creators: name: Siebert, M. R.
name: Foley, R. J.
name: Jones, D. O.
name: Davis, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After correcting for their light-curve shape and color, Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are precise cosmological distance indicators. However, there remains a non-zero intrinsic scatter in the differences between measured distance and that inferred from a cosmological model (i.e., Hubble residuals or HRs), indicating that SN Ia distances can potentially be further improved. We use the open-source relational database kaepora to generate composite spectra with desired average properties of phase, light-curve shape, and HR. At many phases, the composite spectra from two subsamples with positive and negative average HRs are significantly different. In particular, in all spectra from 9 days before to 15 days after peak brightness, we find that SNe with negative HRs have, on average, higher ejecta velocities (as seen in nearly every optical spectral feature) than SNe with positive HRs. At +4 days relative to B-band maximum, using a sample of 62 SNe Ia, we measure a 0.091 +/- 0.035 mag HR step between SNe with Si II 6355 line velocities higher/lower than -11,000 km/s (the median velocity). After light-curve shape and color correction, SNe with higher velocities tend to have underestimated distance moduli relative to a cosmological model. The intrinsic scatter in our sample reduces from 0.094 mag to 0.082 mag after making this correction. Using the Si II 6355 velocity evolution of 115 SNe Ia, we estimate that a velocity difference > 500 km/s exists at each epoch between the positive-HR and negative-HR samples with 99.4% confidence. Finally at epochs later than +37 days, we observe that negative-HR composite spectra tend to have weaker spectral features in comparison to positive-HR composite spectra.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Repository at https://github.com/msiebert1/kaepora , database and composite spectra at https://msiebert1.github.io/kaepora/ , and our documentation at https://kaepora.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html
Aging, Race, and Health Disparities: Recommendations From the Research Centers Collaborative Network
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Nicole Thompson
name: Kritchevsky, Stephen B
name: Bey, Ganga S
name: Brinkley, Tina E
name: Jain, Snigdha
name: Forrester, Sarah N
name: Petrovsky, Darina V
name: Rahman-Filipiak, Annalise
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2024

description:
Racial disparities in adverse health outcomes with aging have been well described. Yet, much of the research focuses on racial comparisons, with relatively less attention to the identification of underlying mechanisms. To address these gaps, the Research Centers Collaborative Network held a workshop on aging, race, and health disparities to identify research priorities and inform the investigation, implementation, and dissemination of strategies to mitigate disparities in healthy aging. This article provides a summary of the key recommendations and highlights the need for research that builds a strong evidence base with both clinical and policy implications. Successful execution of these recommendations will require a concerted effort to increase participation of underrepresented groups in research through community engagement and partnerships. In addition, resources to support and promote the training and development of health disparities researchers will be critical in making health equity a shared responsibility for all major stakeholders.
title: Zieleń jako środek definiowania skali przestrzeni publicznej
Creators: name: Pieczara, Marta
Publisher: name: Publishing House of Poznan University of Technology
Year: 2020

description: Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Architektura, Urbanistyka, Architektura wnętrz, 1, 171-195
Additional file 1 of Exercising with Baxter: preliminary support for assistive social-physical human-robot interaction
Creators: name: Fitter, Naomi T.
name: Mohan, Mayumi
name: Kuchenbecker, Katherine J.
name: Johnson, Michelle J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1 Gameplay flow of the Mimic Game.
Global Majority E-Journal, vol. 10, no. 2, December 2019
Creators: name: Hoover, Abby
name: Gysler, Thierry
name: Robic, Amanda
name: Usuka, Karl
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: Description to be added
The Stars in M15 Were Born with the r-process
Creators: name: Kirby, Evan N.
name: Duggan, Gina
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
name: Macias, Phillip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution spectroscopy of stars on the red giant branch (RGB) of the globular cluster M15 has revealed a large (~1 dex) dispersion in the abundances of r-process elements, like Ba and Eu. Neutron star mergers (NSMs) have been proposed as a major source of the r-process. However, most NSM models predict a delay time longer than the timescale for cluster formation. One possibility is that a NSM polluted the surfaces of stars in M15 long after the cluster finished forming. In this case, the abundances of the polluting elements would decrease in the first dredge-up as stars turn on to the RGB. We present Keck/DEIMOS abundances of Ba in 66 stars along the entire RGB and the top of the main sequence. The Ba abundances have no trend with stellar luminosity (evolutionary phase). Therefore, the stars were born with the Ba they have today, and Ba did not originate in a source with a delay time longer than the timescale for cluster formation. In particular, if the source of Ba was a neutron star merger, it would have had a very short delay time. Alternatively, if Ba enrichment took place before the formation of the cluster, an inhomogeneity of a factor of 30 in Ba abundance needs to be able to persist over the length scale of the gas cloud that formed M15, which is unlikely.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, accepted to ApJL
2-point anisotropies in WMAP and the Cosmic Quadrupole
Creators: name: Gaztanaga, E.
name: Wagg, J.
name: Multamaki, T.
name: Montana, A.
name: Hughes, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale modes in the temperature anisotropy power spectrum C_l measured by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP), seem to have lower amplitudes (C_2, C_3 and C_4) than that expected in the so called concordance LCDM model. In particular, the quadrupole C_2 is reported to have a smaller value than allowed by cosmic variance. This has been interpreted as a possible indication of new physics. In this paper we re-analyse the WMAP data using the 2-point angular correlation and its higher-order moments. This method, which requires a full covariance analysis, is more direct and provides better sampling of the largest modes than the standard harmonic decomposition. We show that the WMAP data is in good agreement (~ 30% probability) with a LCDM model when the WMAP data is considered as a particular realization drawn from a set of realistic LCDM simulations with the corresponding covariance. This is also true for the higher-order moments, shown here up to 6th order, which are consistent with the Gaussian hypothesis. The sky mask plays a major role in assessing the significance of these agreements. We recover the best fit model for the low-order multipoles based on the 2-point correlation with different assumptions for the covariance. Assuming that the observations are a fair sample of the true model, we find C_2 = 123 +/- 233, C_3= 217 +/- 241 and C_4 = 212 +/- 162 (in mu K^2). The errors increase by about a factor of 5 if we assume the \lcdm model. If we exclude the Galactic plane |b|<30 from our analysis, we recover very similar values within the errors (ie C_2=172, C_3= 89, C_4=129). This indicates that the Galactic plane is not responsible for the lack of large-scale power in the WMAP data.
description: 11 pages, 23 figs, matches version accepted for publication in MNRAS. Additional tests with 2000 more simulations presented, including histogram of chi2 values. Probability for LCDM shown to be as large as ~30%. Main conclusions unchanged
Convolutional Kernel Networks for Graph-Structured Data
Creators: name: Chen, Dexiong
name: Jacob, Laurent
name: Mairal, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a family of multilayer graph kernels and establish new links between graph convolutional neural networks and kernel methods. Our approach generalizes convolutional kernel networks to graph-structured data, by representing graphs as a sequence of kernel feature maps, where each node carries information about local graph substructures. On the one hand, the kernel point of view offers an unsupervised, expressive, and easy-to-regularize data representation, which is useful when limited samples are available. On the other hand, our model can also be trained end-to-end on large-scale data, leading to new types of graph convolutional neural networks. We show that our method achieves competitive performance on several graph classification benchmarks, while offering simple model interpretation. Our code is freely available at https://github.com/claying/GCKN.
An investigation of biodiesel application in the UBC boiler
Creators: name: Azucena, Ralph
name: Chiang, Kevin
name: Cheng, Tony
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The formal report discusses biodiesel as an alternative fuel source that can be used in UBC to realize a more sustainable source of energy that can help direct the university into a more eco-friendly community. The university is currently one of the leaders in sustainable development and establishing the Centre for Interactive Research on Sustainability (CIRS) building in UBC, which is the greenest building in North America, shows the university’s commitment to sustainable living. The report examines the social, environmental and economic aspect of implementing biodiesel as the main fuel source for the UBC boiler. The production of biodiesel and its price using waste cooking oil are also analyzed to confirm the feasibility of biodiesel use in UBC. By taking into account the cost effectiveness, energy density and availability of raw materials, it can be determined how economical and reasonable it is to use biodiesel in heating oil to heat up UBC buildings. The capital cost to establish the infrastructure and equipments needed for the system that uses heating oil also needs consideration. Furthermore, to establish biodiesel as the best renewable fuel source, biodiesel’s environmental and social impact need to be more evident. Biodiesel should be able to convince the community that investing in biodiesel is worth it. Using the data gathered from several research papers, it is evident that biodiesel has major advantages in terms of reducing carbon emission. However, with the current heating system established in the UBC boiler, it is hard to justify the cost of switching to biodiesel since the heating system has been in use for several years. Consequently, overhauling the heating system requires huge capital that will never be recovered when biodiesel is used. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
ALMA Observations of the Molecular Clouds in NGC 625
Creators: name: Imara, Nia
name: De Looze, Ilse
name: Faesi, Christopher M.
name: Cormier, Diane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the highest resolution (1") $^{12}$CO(1-0) observations of molecular gas in the dwarf starburst galaxy NGC 625, to date, obtained with ALMA. Molecular gas is distributed in discrete clouds within an area of $0.4$ kpc$^2$ and does not have well-ordered large-scale motions. We measure a total molecular mass in NGC 625 of $5.3\times 10^6 M_\odot$, assuming a Milky Way CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor. We use the CPROPS package to identify molecular clouds and measure their properties. The 19 resolved CO clouds have a median radius of 20 pc, a median line width 2.5 km s$^{-1}$, and a median surface density of 169 $M_\odot$pc$^{-2}$. Larson scaling relations suggest that molecular clouds in NGC 625 are mostly in virial equilibrium. Comparison of our high-resolution CO observations with a star formation rate map, inferred from ancillary optical observations observations, suggests that about 40% of the molecular clouds coincide with the brightest HII regions. These bright HII regions have a range of molecular gas depletion timescales, all within a factor of $\sim 3$ of the global depletion time in NGC 625 of 106-134 Myr. The highest surface density molecular clouds towards the southwest of the galaxy, in a region we call the Butterfly, do not show strong star formation activity and suggest a depletion time scale longer than 5 Gyr.
Austrothaumalea sinuosa Theischinger 1986
Creators: name: Sinclair, Bradley J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Thaumaleidae
Austrothaumalea
Austrothaumalea sinuosa

description: Austrothaumalea sinuosa Theischinger
 Austrothaumalea sinuosa Theischinger, 1986: 307.
 Material examined. Victoria: 2 ??, Errinundra Plateau, Gap Rd, Result Ck Falls, 6–7.xii.1994 (AMS); 1 !, Mt. Buffalo NP, Eurobin Ck, 400 m, 30.ix.1994 (AMS).
 Distribution. This species is confined to southeastern New South Wales and northern Victoria.
 Remarks. The gonocoxal plate bears a crown of minute denticles at the apex of each lateral arm. These denticles are not shown in Theischinger (1986, fig. 62).
description: Published as part of Sinclair, Bradley J., 2008, New Species of Austrothaumalea Tonnoir from Australia (Diptera: Thaumaleidae), pp. 1-12 in Records of the Australian Museum 60 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.60.2008.1490, http://zenodo.org/record/4676495
Numerical study of spin quantum Hall transitions in superconductors with broken time-reversal symmetry
Creators: name: Cui, Qinghong
name: Wan, Xin
name: Yang, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of numerical studies of spin quantum Hall transitions in disordered superconductors, in which the pairing order parameter breaks time-reversal symmetry. We focus mainly on p-wave superconductors in which one of the spin components is conserved. The transport properties of the system are studied by numerically diagonalizing pairing Hamiltonians on a lattice, and by calculating the Chern and Thouless numbers of the quasiparticle states. We find that in the presence of disorder, (spin-)current carrying states exist only at discrete critical energies in the thermodynamic limit, and the spin-quantum Hall transition driven by an external Zeeman field has the same critical behavior as the usual integer quantum Hall transition of non-interacting electrons. These critical energies merge and disappear as disorder strength increases, in a manner similar to those in lattice models for integer quantum Hall transition.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
CARBON FIBER MICROELECTRODES MODIFIED WITH POLYMERS FOR ENHANCED NEUROCHEMICAL DETECTION OF DOPAMINE AND METABOLITES
Creators: name: Wonnenberg, Pauline Marie Marthe
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: While different electrochemical sensors have been introduced over the past thirty years,carbon fiber-microelectrodes (CFMEs) are considered to be the standard electrodes for neurotransmitter detection. Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV), an electroanalytical method, primarily uses CFMEs and has the ability to measure neurochemical dynamics in real time. In conjunction with FSCV, CFMEs have the capability to accurately measure the oxidation of several crucial neurotransmitters, like dopamine, producing specific cyclic voltammograms for certain ionizable analytes of interest. Improvements in neurochemical detection with CFMEs were previously made through the coating of polymers onto the surface of the carbon fiber. In this work, polymers such as polyethyleneimine (PEI), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and Nafion were electrodeposited onto the surface of the electrodes to enhance neurochemical detection. This work demonstrates applications for enhancements in co-detection of similarly structured neurochemicals such as dopamine, and metabolites of dopamine such as 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL), 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT), 3,4- Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and other neurotransmitters. Manipulating the charge and surface structure of the carbon electrode allows for the improvement of sensitivity and selectivity of neurotransmitter detection. The analytes are detected and differentiated by the shape and the peak positions of their respective cyclic voltammograms. In addition, ex-vivo measurements and qualification of several neurotransmitters in zebrafish brain models are shown.
CARBON FIBER MICROELECTRODES MODIFIED WITH POLYMERS FOR ENHANCED NEUROCHEMICAL DETECTION OF DOPAMINE AND METABOLITES
Creators: name: Wonnenberg, Pauline Marie Marthe
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: While different electrochemical sensors have been introduced over the past thirty years,carbon fiber-microelectrodes (CFMEs) are considered to be the standard electrodes for neurotransmitter detection. Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV), an electroanalytical method, primarily uses CFMEs and has the ability to measure neurochemical dynamics in real time. In conjunction with FSCV, CFMEs have the capability to accurately measure the oxidation of several crucial neurotransmitters, like dopamine, producing specific cyclic voltammograms for certain ionizable analytes of interest. Improvements in neurochemical detection with CFMEs were previously made through the coating of polymers onto the surface of the carbon fiber. In this work, polymers such as polyethyleneimine (PEI), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and Nafion were electrodeposited onto the surface of the electrodes to enhance neurochemical detection. This work demonstrates applications for enhancements in co-detection of similarly structured neurochemicals such as dopamine, and metabolites of dopamine such as 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL), 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT), 3,4- Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and other neurotransmitters. Manipulating the charge and surface structure of the carbon electrode allows for the improvement of sensitivity and selectivity of neurotransmitter detection. The analytes are detected and differentiated by the shape and the peak positions of their respective cyclic voltammograms. In addition, ex-vivo measurements and qualification of several neurotransmitters in zebrafish brain models are shown.
Austrothaumalea spinosa Theischinger 1986
Creators: name: Sinclair, Bradley J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Thaumaleidae
Austrothaumalea
Austrothaumalea spinosa

description: Austrothaumalea spinosa Theischinger
 Austrothaumalea spinosa Theischinger, 1986: 307.
 Material examined. New South Wales: 2 ??, Blue Mtns NP, Blackheath, Govetts Leap, 17.x.2002 (ZFMK); 1 ?, Blue Mtns NP, Valley of the Waters, below Vera Falls, 320 m, 9.iv.1995 (AMS); 1 ?, Wentworth Falls, Jamison Ck /seeps, 10.xi.1993 (CNC); 2 ??, Kosciusko NP, Thredbo, 1300 m, roadcut seeps, 28.xi.1994 (AMS). Victoria: 1 ?, Otway NP, Maits Rest, temp. rainfor., ck, 4.xii.1994 (ANIC); 2 ??, 2 !!, Otway Ranges, Melba Gully SP, temp. rainfor., ck, 4.xii.1994 (AMS).
 Distribution. This species is widespread in southeastern Australia from the Blue Mountains in New South Wales to Tasmania.
 Remarks. There is some variation in the length of the apical spines on the gonocoxal plate, as well as differences in the length of the lateral epandrial process. More northern populations appear to have less pronounced spines on the gonocoxal plate.
description: Published as part of Sinclair, Bradley J., 2008, New Species of Austrothaumalea Tonnoir from Australia (Diptera: Thaumaleidae), pp. 1-12 in Records of the Australian Museum 60 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.60.2008.1490, http://zenodo.org/record/4676495
Kinks in dipole chains
Creators: name: Speight, J. M.
name: Zolotaryuk, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the topological discrete sine-Gordon system introduced by Speight and Ward models the dynamics of an infinite uniform chain of electric dipoles constrained to rotate in a plane containing the chain. Such a chain admits a novel type of static kink solution which may occupy any position relative to the spatial lattice and experiences no Peierls-Nabarro barrier. Consequently the dynamics of a single kink is highly continuum like, despite the strongly discrete nature of the model. Static multikinks and kink-antikink pairs are constructed, and it is shown that all such static solutions are unstable. Exact propagating kinks are sought numerically using the pseudo-spectral method, but it is found that none exist, except, perhaps, at very low speed.
description: Published version. 21 pages, 5 figures. Section 3 completely re-written. Conclusions unchanged
The Non-Perturbative ${\cal N} = 2 $ SUSY Yang-Mills Theory from Semiclassical Absorption of Supergravity by Wrapped D Branes
Creators: name: Naik, Satchidananda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The imaginary part of the two point functions of the superconformal anomalous currents are extracted from the cross-sections of semiclassical absorption of dilaton, RR-2 form and gravitino by the wrapped D5 branes. From the central terms of the two point functions anomalous Ward identity is established which relates the exact pre-potential of the ${\cal N}=2$ SUSY Yang-Mills theory with the vacuum expectation value of the anomaly multiplet. From the Ward identity, WDVV (Witten-Dijkgraaf-Verlinde-Verlinde) equation can be derived which is solved for the exact pre-potential.
description: 11 pages, latex
Additional file 20 of Exercising with Baxter: preliminary support for assistive social-physical human-robot interaction
Creators: name: Fitter, Naomi T.
name: Mohan, Mayumi
name: Kuchenbecker, Katherine J.
name: Johnson, Michelle J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 20 Closing survey (survey 3) completed by study participants.
title: Technologie i sposoby lokalizowania elementów zieleni w środowisku miejsca pracy
Creators: name: Piklikiewicz-Kęsicka, Izabela
Publisher: name: Publishing House of Poznan University of Technology
Year: 2020

description: Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Architektura, Urbanistyka, Architektura wnętrz, 1, 197-207
Compressing deep neural networks on FPGAs to binary and ternary precision with HLS4ML
Creators: name: Di Guglielmo, Giuseppe
name: Duarte, Javier
name: Harris, Philip
name: Hoang, Duc
name: Jindariani, Sergo
name: Kreinar, Edward
name: Liu, Mia
name: Loncar, Vladimir
name: Ngadiuba, Jennifer
name: Pedro, Kevin
name: Pierini, Maurizio
name: Rankin, Dylan
name: Sagear, Sheila
name: Summers, Sioni
name: Tran, Nhan
name: Wu, Zhenbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the implementation of binary and ternary neural networks in the hls4ml library, designed to automatically convert deep neural network models to digital circuits with FPGA firmware. Starting from benchmark models trained with floating point precision, we investigate different strategies to reduce the network's resource consumption by reducing the numerical precision of the network parameters to binary or ternary. We discuss the trade-off between model accuracy and resource consumption. In addition, we show how to balance between latency and accuracy by retaining full precision on a selected subset of network components. As an example, we consider two multiclass classification tasks: handwritten digit recognition with the MNIST data set and jet identification with simulated proton-proton collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The binary and ternary implementation has similar performance to the higher precision implementation while using drastically fewer FPGA resources.
description: Update to MLST journal version
GROUNDWATER DERIVED NUTRIENT INPUTS TO WESTERN COASTAL WATERS OF SAIPAN, COMMONWEALTH OF THE NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS
Creators: name: Knapp, Melissa A.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is frequently a significant source of nutrient inputs to coastal waters. Saipan, the largest of the islands in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), has experienced degradation of seagrass beds and corals over the past 50 years, due in part to nutrient pollution. This study aimed to characterize and quantify the spatial and temporal variability in SGD and associated nutrient fluxes along the western coast of Saipan. Radon was measured along the western shore during dry (March) and rainy (August) seasons with a RAD7 radon detector. These surveys indicated one consistent source of SGD and another seasonally variable region of SGD. Four cross-shore transects were sampled for radium, another natural tracer, in regions with elevated radon. Radium activities were measured using a delayed coincidence counter (RaDeCC) system. 223Ra flux was used to calculate SGD; of the measured Ra isotopes, 223Ra had the best fit log-linear decrease along cross-shore transects and declined to negligible levels 100 m from shore. The activities of 223Ra were highest at the shoreline (2.0 – 6.9 dpm/100 L) and decreased in a log-linear fashion to a minimum measured activity 100 m from shore (0.4 – 2.1 dpm/100 L). Nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, and phosphate) were analyzed on an EasyChem Plus autoanalyzer. Total dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN, sum of nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium) in the coastal ocean ranged from below detection to 0.36 ppm in March and below detection to 0.65 ppm in August. Groundwater DIN ranged from 0.17 – 1.42 ppm in March and below detection – 6.66 ppm in August. The tidal prism method was used in conjunction with a box model approach to quantify SGD. SGD estimated for the region with consistent discharge was 0.06 – 10.9 m3/m/day in March and 0.07 – 10.4 m3/m/day in August. The region of seasonal discharge had a smaller magnitude of 0.02 – 0.57 m3/m/day. Estimated nutrient fluxes, using coastal wells as the groundwater endmember, indicated that SGD can contribute up to 2000 mol N/day in Garapan Lagoon. These results suggest that SGD is an important source of nutrients to Saipan’s coastal waters.
GROUNDWATER DERIVED NUTRIENT INPUTS TO WESTERN COASTAL WATERS OF SAIPAN, COMMONWEALTH OF THE NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS
Creators: name: Knapp, Melissa A.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 41
subject: Environmental sciences

description: Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is frequently a significant source of nutrient inputs to coastal waters. Saipan, the largest of the islands in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), has experienced degradation of seagrass beds and corals over the past 50 years, due in part to nutrient pollution. This study aimed to characterize and quantify the spatial and temporal variability in SGD and associated nutrient fluxes along the western coast of Saipan. Radon was measured along the western shore during dry (March) and rainy (August) seasons with a RAD7 radon detector. These surveys indicated one consistent source of SGD and another seasonally variable region of SGD. Four cross-shore transects were sampled for radium, another natural tracer, in regions with elevated radon. Radium activities were measured using a delayed coincidence counter (RaDeCC) system. 223Ra flux was used to calculate SGD; of the measured Ra isotopes, 223Ra had the best fit log-linear decrease along cross-shore transects and declined to negligible levels 100 m from shore. The activities of 223Ra were highest at the shoreline (2.0 – 6.9 dpm/100 L) and decreased in a log-linear fashion to a minimum measured activity 100 m from shore (0.4 – 2.1 dpm/100 L). Nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, and phosphate) were analyzed on an EasyChem Plus autoanalyzer. Total dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN, sum of nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium) in the coastal ocean ranged from below detection to 0.36 ppm in March and below detection to 0.65 ppm in August. Groundwater DIN ranged from 0.17 – 1.42 ppm in March and below detection – 6.66 ppm in August. The tidal prism method was used in conjunction with a box model approach to quantify SGD. SGD estimated for the region with consistent discharge was 0.06 – 10.9 m3/m/day in March and 0.07 – 10.4 m3/m/day in August. The region of seasonal discharge had a smaller magnitude of 0.02 – 0.57 m3/m/day. Estimated nutrient fluxes, using coastal wells as the groundwater endmember, indicated that SGD can contribute up to 2000 mol N/day in Garapan Lagoon. These results suggest that SGD is an important source of nutrients to Saipan’s coastal waters.
A Time-Orbiting Potential Trap for Bose-Einstein Condensate Interferometry
Creators: name: Reeves, J. M.
name: Garcia, O.
name: Deissler, B.
name: Baranowski, K. L.
name: Hughes, K. J.
name: Sackett, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a novel atom trap for Bose-Einstein condensates of 87Rb to be used in atom interferometry experiments. The trap is based on a time-orbiting potential waveguide. It supports the atoms against gravity while providing weak confinement to minimize interaction effects. We observe harmonic oscillation frequencies omega_x, omega_y, omega_z as low as 2 pi times (6.0,1.2,3.3) Hz. Up to 2 times 10^4 condensate atoms have been loaded into the trap, at estimated temperatures as low as 850 pK. We anticipate that interferometer measurement times of 1 s or more should be achievable in this device.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Dissipation and elliptic flow at RHIC
Creators: name: Molnar, Denes
name: Huovinen, Pasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare elliptic flow evolution from ideal hydrodynamics and covariant parton transport theory, and show that, for conditions expected at RHIC, dissipation significantly reduces elliptic flow even for extreme parton cross sections and/or densities sigma_gg * dN/dη(b=0) ~ 45 mb * 1000. The difference between transport and hydrodynamic elliptic flow is established rather early during the evolution of the system, but the buildup of elliptic flow is surprisingly insensitive to the choice of the initial (formation or thermalization) time in both models.
description: 4 pages, 3 EPS figs
The regulation of galaxy growth along the size-mass relation by star-formation, as traced by H$α$ in KMOS$^{3D}$ galaxies at 0.7 < z < 2.7
Creators: name: Wilman, D. J.
name: Fossati, M.
name: Mendel, J. T.
name: Saglia, R.
name: Wisnioski, E.
name: Wuyts, S.
name: Schreiber, N. Förster
name: Beifiori, A.
name: Bender, R.
name: Belli, S.
name: Übler, H.
name: Lang, P.
name: Chan, J. C. C.
name: Davies, R. L.
name: Nelson, E. J.
name: Genzel, R.
name: Tacconi, L. J.
name: Galametz, A.
name: Davies, R. I.
name: Lutz, D.
name: Price, S.
name: Burkert, A.
name: Tadaki, K.
name: Herrera-Camus, R.
name: Brammer, G.
name: Momcheva, I.
name: van Dokkum, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present half-light sizes measured from H$α$ emission tracing star-formation in 281 star-forming galaxies from the KMOS3D survey at 0.7 < z < 2.7. Sizes are derived by fitting 2D exponential disk models, with bootstrap errors averaging 20%. H$α$ sizes are a median (mean) of 1.19 (1.26) times larger than those of the stellar continuum, which due to radial dust gradients places an upper limit on the growth in stellar size via star formation, with just 43% intrinsic scatter. At fixed continuum size the H$α$ size shows no residual trend with stellar mass, star formation rate, redshift or morphology. The only significant residual trend is with the excess obscuration of H$α$ by dust, at fixed continuum obscuration. The scatter in continuum size at fixed stellar mass is likely driven by the scatter in halo spin parameters. The stability of the ratio of H$α$ size to continuum size demonstrates a high degree of stability in halo spin and in the transfer of angular momentum to the disk over a wide range of physical conditions and cosmic time. This may require local regulation by feedback processes. The implication of our results, as we demonstrate using a toy model, is that our upper limit on star-formation driven growth is sufficient only to evolve star-forming galaxies approximately along the observed size-mass relation, consistent with the size growth of galaxies at constant cumulative co-moving number density. To explain the observed evolution of the size-mass relation of star-forming disk galaxies other processes, such as the preferential quenching of compact galaxies or galaxy mergers, may be required.
description: 29 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ. Table C1 will be available in machine readable format with the final published version of the paper
Austrothaumalea theischingeri Sinclair 2008, n.sp.
Creators: name: Sinclair, Bradley J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Thaumaleidae
Austrothaumalea
Austrothaumalea theischingeri

description: Austrothaumalea theischingeri n.sp.
Figs 9–10
 Type material. HOLOTYPE ? “[AUST]: Blue Mtns. / NP, Blackheath, Govetts /Leap, seeps along track / 12.xii.1998 / B.J. Sinclair ”; “ HOLOTYPE / Austrothaumalea /theischingeri /Sinclair” (AMS).
 Recognition. This species is similar to A. uloola, distinguishable by the form of the gonocoxal plate.
 Description. Wing length 1.8 mm. Coloration: Head dull, dark brown. Mesonotum and pleura brown and somewhat shiny; legs paler than thorax; halter knob concolorous with legs; abdomen dark brown. Wing evenly infuscate; R+R 1 +R 1+2 with macrotrichia along entire length, remaining veins bare; R 2 situated towards apex of R 1; bend in R 3 well defined; R 3 and R 4+5 divergent toward wing margin; CuA with short basal appendage. Male abdominal sternite 1 narrow, spectacle-shaped; sternite 2 reduced to slender, median sclerite, with pair of small, posterolateral sclerites; sternites 3–6 rectangular, sparsely setose; sternite 7 trapezoidal-shaped, with several marginal setae; sternite 8 narrow, one-third length of sternite 7. Male terminalia (Figs 9–10): Epandrium broadly triangular from ventral aspect; posterior margin broad, folded internally, apex with pair of small rounded lobes; sharply pointed posterolateral processes present. Hypandrium broad, one-half width of base of gonostylus. Gonocoxite broad, somewhat narrower at apex. Gonostylus shorter than gonocoxites, gradually curved, tapered; clothed in setulae; apex partially flattened. Parameres fused to form short, laterally flattened, broad blade-like process arched lengthwise. Gonocoxal plate broad basally; median portion darkly pigmented as pair of ridges leading to 2 pairs of divergent digitiform processes; basally not fused to hypandrium.
 Distribution. This species is known only from the holotype, the type locality of which is a densely wet, vast seepage area where at least seven species of thaumaleids are recorded.
 Etymology. The specific name honours Günther Theischinger, who made the first careful study and revision of Australian thaumaleids.
 Remarks. On the basis of the posterolateral epandrial processes, apex of epandrium and shape of the paramere, this species is most closely related to A. uloola.
description: Published as part of Sinclair, Bradley J., 2008, New Species of Austrothaumalea Tonnoir from Australia (Diptera: Thaumaleidae), pp. 1-12 in Records of the Australian Museum 60 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.60.2008.1490, http://zenodo.org/record/4676495
Physics with Cosmic Neutrinos, PeV to ZeV
Creators: name: Weiler, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We begin with a brief overview of highest-energy cosmic ray data, and the experiments which will perform neutrino astronomy. We then discuss two particle physics aspects of neutrinos. They are possible long-lifetime decay of the neutrino, and a measurement of the neutrino-nucleon cross-section at a CMS energy orders of magnitude beyond what can be achieved with terrestrial accelerators. Measurement of an anomalously large neutrino cross-section would indicate new physics (e.g. low string-scale, extra dimensions, precocious unification), while a smaller than expected cross-section would reveal an aspect of QCD evolution. We then discuss aspects of neutrino-primary models for the extreme-energy (EE) cosmic ray data. Primary neutrinos in extant data are motivated by the directional clustering at EE reported by the AGASA experiment. We discuss the impact of the strongly-interacting neutrino hypothesis on lower-energy physics via dispersion relations, the statistical significance of AGASA directional clustering, and the possible relevance of the Z-burst mechanism for existing EE cosmic ray data.
description: 19 pages including 6 figures, Proc. YITP "Neutrinos" Oct. 2002
SIZE-SELECTIVE PREDATION AND SEXUAL SELECTION ON BODY SIZE VARIATION AMONG KARST SPRING POPULATIONS OF THE AMPHIPOD GAMMARUS MINUS
Creators: name: Cloud, Madeline
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Body size of sexually mature individuals varies widely across karst spring populations of the amphipod Gammarus minus. The mean size of Gammarus minus in eight karst springs in the presence of the Banded Sculpin (Cottus carolinae) (male: 37.1 to 45.3, female: 27.1 to 33.8 {head capsule length in ocular micrometer units]), is significantly smaller than those in nine springs without sculpins (male: 49.4 to 55.8, females: 36.3 to 42.8). Within populations of sculpin-less springs the positive correlation between male and female size is significantly higher (Pearson’s r = 0.36 to 0.70) than in populations with sculpins (0.18 to 0.61) (p=0.036). Bigger females have larger brood sizes in all populations, but the slope of the regression of brood size on female size is steeper in populations without sculpins (p=0.008). In populations with sculpins, the magnitude of the correlations between male and female size is not significantly correlated with the slopes of the regression of brood size on female size (p=0.566) whereas in populations without sculpins the magnitude of this correlation is almost significant (p=0.082). We interpret our results to mean that in populations with sculpins, the intensity of sexual selection to increase body size is countered by size-selective predation by sculpins, while in populations without sculpins the intensity of sexual selection is not countered by this predation pressure, partially accounting for the variation in body size among springs.
Two-dimensional hole precession in an all-semiconductor spin field effect transistor
Creators: name: Pala, Marco G.
name: Governale, Michele
name: König, Jürgen
name: Zülicke, Ulrich
name: Iannaccone, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of a spin field-effect transistor realized in a quantum well formed in a p--doped ferromagnetic-semiconductor- nonmagnetic-semiconductor-ferromagnetic-semiconductor hybrid structure. Based on an envelope-function approach for the hole bands in the various regions of the transistor, we derive the complete theory of coherent transport through the device, which includes both heavy- and light-hole subbands, proper modeling of the mode matching at interfaces, integration over injection angles, Rashba spin precession, interference effects due to multiple reflections, and gate-voltage dependences. Numerical results for the device current as a function of externally tunable parameters are in excellent agreement with approximate analytical formulae.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Correlation functions of Landau gauge Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Huber, Markus Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlation functions of Yang-Mills theory in the Landau gauge are calculated from their equations of motion. The employed setup is completely parameter free and leads, within errors, to good quantitative agreement with corresponding lattice results for the ghost and gluon propagators as well as the ghost-gluon and three-gluon vertices. Also the four-gluon vertex is calculated. The present setup allows for the first time for a unique subtraction of quadratic divergences in the gluon propagator Dyson-Schwinger equation. Thus, there are no ambiguities which can arise due to the use of models or auxiliary workarounds. In addition, several self-tests of the results are described that allow assessing the truncation error in a self-consistent way. This enables a new perspective on how to identify limitations of the present setup and develop future improvements.
description: 30 pages, 27 figures; v2: added references, data available at https://github.com/markusqh/YM_data; v3: additional figures, agrees with published version
Poincaré's Observation and the Origin of Tsallis Generalized Canonical Distributions
Creators: name: Vignat, C.
name: Plastino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present some geometric properties of the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) Tsallis- distributions under energy constraint. In the case q > 1, these distributions are proved to be marginals of uniform distributions on the sphere; in the case q < 1, they can be constructed as conditional distribu- tions of a Cauchy law built from the same uniform distribution on the sphere using a gnomonic projection. As such, these distributions reveal the relevance of using Tsallis distributions in the microcanonical setup: an example of such application is given in the case of the ideal gas.
description: 2 figures
An investigation into the feasibility of producing and using biodiesel from waste grease at UBC
Creators: name: Figueira, Alicia
name: Boldt, Nathan
name: Dorion, Ethan
name: Bellary, Gautam
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: In alignment with the goals of sustainability at UBC, outlined by Alberto Cayuela’s presentation on March 6, 2012, an evaluation is being conducted on the potential of manufacturing and use of an alternative fuel called biodiesel. Presently, UBC is using petroleum diesel, B5 blend (5% biodiesel and 95% petroleum diesel mixture) and regular gasoline to fuel the campus maintenance and operations vehicles. Additionally, there is a significant amount of waste grease that UBC is producing through various food outlets on campus. The proposed project that is being evaluated will address these two issues and ultimately head in the direction of sustainability and reduced environmental impact. The focus of this evaluation is the feasibility of producing biodiesel fuel from the waste grease produced by UBC, based on a triple bottom line assessment. The triple bottom line assessment is a criterion for evaluating the environmental, social and economic impacts of a product. A thorough qualitative and quantitative analysis is conducted at each step of the product’s life. The environmental impacts, economic feasibility and social acceptance are evaluated and compared to conclude the concept’s practicability. The result of the triple bottom line assessment concludes that biodiesel is a superior alternative fuel to diesel petroleum. Environmentally, biodiesel produces less amounts of harmful emissions compared to petroleum diesel. In its 30 year life cycle, biodiesel produces 86% less emissions compared to those of petroleum diesel. In addition, it produces less cancerous compounds, which reduces the health risks of burning fuel. Economically, despite high capital costs, manufacturing and using biodiesels at UBC is feasible, if creative measures are taken. Finally on a social scale biodiesel is looked upon positively by the majority of people and a learning opportunity is created through student involvement. For UBC, an alternative fuel that reduces harmful emissions is the next step toward total sustainability. When the standards of the ASTM are met, biodiesel can be used in UBC’s campus vehicles with a seamless transition. For these reasons, it is recommended that UBC implement the manufacturing and use of biodiesel made from waste grease for campus vehicles. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”