cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Human Attention in Fine-grained Classification
Creators: name: Rong, Yao
name: Xu, Wenjia
name: Akata, Zeynep
name: Kasneci, Enkelejda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The way humans attend to, process and classify a given image has the potential to vastly benefit the performance of deep learning models. Exploiting where humans are focusing can rectify models when they are deviating from essential features for correct decisions. To validate that human attention contains valuable information for decision-making processes such as fine-grained classification, we compare human attention and model explanations in discovering important features. Towards this goal, we collect human gaze data for the fine-grained classification dataset CUB and build a dataset named CUB-GHA (Gaze-based Human Attention). Furthermore, we propose the Gaze Augmentation Training (GAT) and Knowledge Fusion Network (KFN) to integrate human gaze knowledge into classification models. We implement our proposals in CUB-GHA and the recently released medical dataset CXR-Eye of chest X-ray images, which includes gaze data collected from a radiologist. Our result reveals that integrating human attention knowledge benefits classification effectively, e.g. improving the baseline by 4.38% on CXR. Hence, our work provides not only valuable insights into understanding human attention in fine-grained classification, but also contributes to future research in integrating human gaze with computer vision tasks. CUB-GHA and code are available at https://github.com/yaorong0921/CUB-GHA.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
A high gain travelling-wave parametric amplifier based on three-wave mixing
Creators: name: Nilsson, Hampus Renberg
name: Roudsari, Anita Fadavi
name: Shiri, Daryoush
name: Delsing, Per
name: Shumeiko, Vitaly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the theory for a Josephson junction travelling wave parametric amplifier (TWPA) operating in the three-wave mixing regime and we propose a scheme for achieving high gain. The continuous three-mode model [P. K. Tien, J. Appl. Phys. 29, 1347 (1958)] is on one hand extended to describe a discrete chain of Josephson junctions at high frequencies close to the spectral cutoff where there is no up-conversion. On the other hand, we also develop a continuous multimode theory for the low-frequency region where the frequency dispersion is close to linear. We find that in both cases the gain is significantly reduced compared to the prediction by the continuous three-mode model as the result of increasingly strong dispersion at the high frequencies and generation of up-converted modes at the low frequencies. The developed theory is in quantitative agreement with experimental observations. To recover the high gain, we propose to engineer a chain with dispersive features to form a two-band frequency spectrum and to place the pump frequency within the upper band close to the spectral cutoff. We prove that there exists a sweet spot, where the signal and the pump are phase matched, while the up-conversion is inhibited. This results in a high gain which grows exponentially with the length of the TWPA.
title: Formas de presentación en estudios de imagen del linfoma extranodal en el abdomen
Creators: name: Torres Diez, Eduardo
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Lymphoma

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Describir las manifestaciones radiológicas del linfoma extranodal en el abdomen,
centrandonos en los órganos que están afectados con más...
A Technique for Automated Determination of Flare-ribbon Separation and Energy Release
Creators: name: Maurya, R. A.
name: Ambastha, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a technique for automatic determination of flare-ribbon separation and the energy released during the course of two-ribbon flares. We have used chromospheric H$α$ filtergrams and photospheric line-of-sight magnetograms to analyse flare-ribbon separation and magnetic-field structures, respectively. Flare-ribbons were first enhanced and then extracted by the technique of "region growing", i.e., a morphological operator to help resolve the flare-ribbons. Separation of flare-ribbons was then estimated from magnetic polarity reversal line using an automatic technique implemented into Interactive Data Language (IDL\tm) platform. Finally, the rate of flare-energy release was calculated using photospheric magnetic-field data and the corresponding separation of the chromospheric H$α$ flare-ribbons. This method could be applied to measure the motion of any feature of interest (e.g., intensity, magnetic, Doppler) from a given point of reference.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
HIV-1 Clade B pol Evolution following Primary Infection
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Adult
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Cohort Studies
Evolution, Molecular
Female
Genes, Viral
Genes, pol
Genetic Variation
HIV Infections
HIV-1
HLA Antigens
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Middle Aged
Viral Load
Young Adult

description: Objective:Characterize intra-individual HIV-1 subtype B pol evolution in antiretroviral naive individuals.Design:Longitudinal cohort study of individuals enrolled during primary infection.Methods:Eligible individuals were antiretroviral naïve participants enrolled in the cohort from December 1997-December 2005 and having at least two blood samples available with the first one collected within a year of their estimated date of infection. Population-based pol sequences were generated from collected blood samples and analyzed for genetic divergence over time in respect to dual infection status, HLA, CD4 count and viral load.Results:93 participants were observed for a median of 1.8 years (Mean = 2.2 years, SD = 1.9 years). All participants classified as mono-infected had less than 0.7% divergence between any two of their pol sequences using the Tamura-Nei model (TN93), while individuals with dual infection had up to 7.0% divergence. The global substitution rates (substitutions/nucleotide/year) for mono and dually infected individuals were significantly different (p<0.001); however, substitution rates were not associated with HLA haplotype, CD4 or viral load.Conclusions:Even after a maximum of almost 9 years of follow-up, all mono-infected participants had less than 1% divergence between baseline and longitudinal sequences, while participants with dual infection had 10 times greater divergence. These data support the use of HIV-1 pol sequence data to evaluate transmission events, networks and HIV-1 dual infection.
Shape complexity in cluster analysis
Creators: name: Aguilar, Eduardo J.
name: Barbosa, Valmir C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In cluster analysis, a common first step is to scale the data aiming to better partition them into clusters. Even though many different techniques have throughout many years been introduced to this end, it is probably fair to say that the workhorse in this preprocessing phase has been to divide the data by the standard deviation along each dimension. Like division by the standard deviation, the great majority of scaling techniques can be said to have roots in some sort of statistical take on the data. Here we explore the use of multidimensional shapes of data, aiming to obtain scaling factors for use prior to clustering by some method, like k-means, that makes explicit use of distances between samples. We borrow from the field of cosmology and related areas the recently introduced notion of shape complexity, which in the variant we use is a relatively simple, data-dependent nonlinear function that we show can be used to help with the determination of appropriate scaling factors. Focusing on what might be called "midrange" distances, we formulate a constrained nonlinear programming problem and use it to produce candidate scaling-factor sets that can be sifted on the basis of further considerations of the data, say via expert knowledge. We give results on some iconic data sets, highlighting the strengths and potential weaknesses of the new approach. These results are generally positive across all the data sets used.
description: Minor improvements and fixes in this version
Kinematics of AGN Jets
Creators: name: Ros, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fine-scale structure and the kinematics of relativistic active galactic nuclei (AGN) jets have been studied by very-long-baseline interferometry at very high resolutions since 1998 at 2 cm wavelength for a sample of over a hundred radio sources (VLBA 2cm Survey and MOJAVE programs). Since 2007, this is being complemented by the TANAMI project, based on southern observations with the Australian LBA at 3.6 cm and 1.1 cm wavelengths. From our observation campaign, we find that most of the radio jets show linear morphologies at parsec-scales, but some of show curvature and non-radial motions. Features are observed to move at highly relativistic speeds, with Lorentz factors extending above values of 30. We also provide a brief description of the relationship of our radio findings with the AGN observations by the new Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope.
description: To be published in Journal of Physics: Conference Series by Institute of Physics Publishing; Proceedings of the conference "The Universe under the Microscope - Astrophysics at High Angular Resolution", R. Sch\"{o}del, A. Eckart, S. Pfalzner, E. Ros (eds.), 6 pages, 5 figures, 2 table, needs jpconf.cls
Neural Crest Cells Isolated from the Bone Marrow of Transgenic Mice Express JCV T-Antigen
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Animals
Antigens, Viral, Tumor
Bone Marrow Cells
Cell Differentiation
Cell Lineage
Cells, Cultured
Humans
JC Virus
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Mice
Mice, Transgenic
Nestin
Neural Crest
Neuroglia
Osteogenesis
S100 Proteins
SOXE Transcription Factors

description: JC virus (JCV), a common human polyomavirus, is the etiological agent of the demyelinating disease, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). In addition to its role in PML, studies have demonstrated the transforming ability of the JCV early protein, T-antigen, and its association with some human cancers. JCV infection occurs in childhood and latent virus is thought to be maintained within the bone marrow, which harbors cells of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic lineages. Here we show that non-hematopoietic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from the bone marrow of JCV T-antigen transgenic mice give rise to JCV T-antigen positive cells when cultured under neural conditions. JCV T-antigen positive cells exhibited neural crest characteristics and demonstrated p75, SOX-10 and nestin positivity. When cultured in conditions typical for mesenchymal cells, a population of T-antigen negative cells, which did not express neural crest markers arose from the MSCs. JCV T-antigen positive cells could be cultured long-term while maintaining their neural crest characteristics. When these cells were induced to differentiate into neural crest derivatives, JCV T-antigen was downregulated in cells differentiating into bone and maintained in glial cells expressing GFAP and S100. We conclude that JCV T-antigen can be stably expressed within a fraction of bone marrow cells differentiating along the neural crest/glial lineage when cultured in vitro. These findings identify a cell population within the bone marrow permissible for JCV early gene expression suggesting the possibility that these cells could support persistent viral infection and thus provide clues toward understanding the role of the bone marrow in JCV latency and reactivation. Further, our data provides an excellent experimental model system for studying the cell-type specificity of JCV T-antigen expression, the role of bone marrow-derived stem cells in the pathogenesis of JCV-related diseases and the opportunities for the use of this model in development of therapeutic strategies. © 2013 Gordon et al.
Quantum corrections to the semiclassical collective dynamics in the Tavis-Cummings model
Creators: name: Keeling, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Tavis-Cummings model (the Dicke model treated in the rotating wave approximation) describing many two-level systems coupled to a single bosonic mode, has been long known to show collective semiclassical oscillations when prepared in an inverted state, with all two-level systems excited, and the bosonic mode empty. This paper discusses how the quantum dynamics approaches this semiclassical result for large numbers of two-level systems, focussing on how the eigenvalues approach their semiclassical limit. The approach to the semiclassical result is found to be slow, scaling like a power of the logarithm of the system size. Considering also the effect of weak detuning between the two-level system and the bosonic field, quantum corrections are again found to decay slowly with system size, such that for a fixed detuning, the quantum effects of detuning are greater than the classical effect.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Updated references and introduction
Silhouettes of wormholes traversed for radiation
Creators: name: Repin, Serge V.
name: Bugaev, Mikhail A.
name: Novikov, Igor D.
name: Novikov, Igor D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of the passage of light through the mouth of a zero-mass wormhole and the possibility of observing the objects from another asymptotically flat space-time through the mouth of a wormhole are considered. It is shown that an individual star can have several images and the fact that the image of a flat Lambertian screen has a complex brightness distribution for an observer located on the opposite side of the throat. Images of two such screens visible inside the silhouette of a massless wormhole and the distribution of radiation intensity in their images are constructed.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
The evolutionary history of plasmodium vivax as inferred from mitochondrial genomes: Parasite genetic diversity in the Americas
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: molecular clock
population structure
demographic history

description: Plasmodium vivax is the most prevalent human malaria parasite in the Americas. Previous studies have contrasted the genetic diversity of parasite populations in the Americas with those in Asia and Oceania, concluding that New World populations exhibit low genetic diversity consistent with a recent introduction. Here we used an expanded sample of complete mitochondrial genome sequences to investigate the diversity of P. vivax in the Americas as well as in other continental populations. We show that the diversity of P. vivax in the Americas is comparable to that in Asia and Oceania, and we identify several divergent clades circulating in South America that may have resulted from independent introductions. In particular, we show that several haplotypes sampled in Venezuela and northeastern Brazil belong to a clade that diverged from the other P. vivax lineages at least 30,000 years ago, albeit not necessarily in the Americas. We propose that, unlike in Asia where human migration increases local genetic diversity, the combined effects of the geographical structure and the low incidence of vivax malaria in the Americas has resulted in patterns of low local but high regional genetic diversity. This could explain previous views that P. vivax in the Americas has low genetic diversity because these were based on studies carried out in limited areas. Further elucidation of the complex geographical pattern of P. vivax variation will be important both for diversity assessments of genes encoding candidate vaccine antigens and in the formulation of control and surveillance measures aimed at malaria elimination. © 2013 The Author.
CMB at small scales: Cosmology from tSZ power spectrum
Creators: name: Douspis, Marian
name: Salvati, Laura
name: Gorce, Adélie
name: Aghanim, Nabila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small scale CMB angular power spectrum contains not only primordial CMB information but also many contaminants coming from secondary anisotropies. Most of the latter depend on the cosmological model but are often marginalised over. We propose a new analysis of the SPT data focusing on the cosmological contribution of the thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect. We model the tSZ angular spectrum with the halo model and train a random forest algorithm to speed up its computation. We show that using the cosmological information of the tSZ on top of the primordial CMB one contained in SPT data bring more constraints on cosmological parameters. We also combine for the first time Planck tSZ angular power spectrum with SPT ones to put further constraints. This proof of concept study shows how much a proper modelling of the foregrounds in the cosmological analyses is needed.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the International Conference entitled "mm Universe @ NIKA2", Rome (Italy), June 2021, EPJ Web of conferences
title: Small extracellular vesicle-derived miR-574-5p regulates PGE₂ biosynthesis via TLR7/8 in lung cancer
Creators: name: Donzelli, Julia
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2021

description: Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Its progression is strongly enhanced by intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment (TME). One of the main players in intercellular communication is small extracellular vesicles (sEV). sEV transport various biological cargoes such as microRNAs (miRs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, and thus trigger diverse responses in recipient cells. In addition to sEV, inflammatory processes promote tumor progression. A key inflammatory mediator in LC is prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). It highly contributes to inflammation, angiogenesis, immune evasion, and proliferation in the TME. To date, a possible relationship between inflammatory mediators like PGE2 and miR content in sEV remains unknown. Hence, this study aimed to analyze the impact of PGE2 on miR sorting into sEV. In this context, special attention was paid to miR-574-5p because it was shown to regulate PGE2 biosynthesis in lung adenocarcinoma (AC) cells. An analysis of the two main LC subtypes AC and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) revealed different expression patterns of miR-574-5p and the PGE2-synthesizing enzyme microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES-1) in LC tissue sections and 3D tumor models. Further, it was demonstrated that PGE2 induces the secretion of sEV-derived miR-574-5p in LC cells via the activation of E prostanoid (EP) receptors 1/3. PGE2 inhibition significantly reduced miR-574-5p secretion, indicating that PGE2 levels specifically modulate miR-574-5p sorting into sEV. An analysis of tetraspanins, membrane proteins abundant in sEV, revealed different compositions between AC- and SCC-derived sEV. Finally, sEV-derived miR-574-5p proved its physiological function by activating Toll-like receptors (TLR) 7/8 in AC cells and decreasing intracellular miR-574-5p, mPGES-1, and PGE2 levels. Thus, AC cells revealed a novel function for miR-574-5p which depends on miR transmission via sEV and stands in contrast to its intracellular role. Together, intracellular- and sEV-derived miR-574-5p prevent uncontrolled upregulation of PGE2 via a negative feedback loop. The findings of this study demonstrate for the first time that an inflammatory mediator, here PGE2, induces the sorting of a miR into sEV and that sEV not only transfer miRs to recipient cells but can also change their mode of action.
Radio and X-ray observations of giant pulses from XTE J1810-197
Creators: name: Caleb, M.
name: Rajwade, K.
name: Desvignes, G.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Lyne, A. G.
name: Weltevrede, P.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Levin, L.
name: Surnis, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of two years of radio and X-ray monitoring of the magnetar XTE J1810$-$197 since the radio re-activation in late 2018. Single pulse analysis of radio observations from the Lovell and MkII telescopes at 1564 MHz and the Effelsberg telescope at 6 GHz has resulted in the detection of a total of 91 giant pulses (GPs) between MJDs 58858 and 59117. These GPs appear to be confined to two specific phase ranges (0.473 <= ϕ<= 0.502$ and 0.541 <= ϕ<= 0.567). We also observe that the first detection of GP emission corresponds to a minimum in the spin-down rate. Simultaneous radio and X-ray observations were performed on MJDs 59009 and 59096. The 0.5-10 keV X-ray spectrum from NICER is well characterised by a two component blackbody model that can be interpreted as two hot spots on the polar cap of the neutron star. The blackbody temperature decreases with time, consistent with the previous outburst, while the change in the pulsed fraction does not follow the same trend as was seen in the previous outburst. The radio and X-ray flux of XTE J1810-197 are correlated during the initial phase of the outburst (MJD 58450 - MJD 58550) and an increase in the radio flux is observed later that may be correlated to the onset of GPs. We argue that the disparity in the evolution of the current outburst compared to the previous one can be attributed to a change in geometry of the neutron star.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
High-Order Incremental Potential Contact for Elastodynamic Simulation on Curved Meshes
Creators: name: Ferguson, Zachary
name: Jain, Pranav
name: Zorin, Denis
name: Schneider, Teseo
name: Panozzo, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: High-order bases provide major advantages over linear ones in terms of efficiency, as they provide (for the same physical model) higher accuracy for the same running time, and reliability, as they are less affected by locking artifacts and mesh quality. Thus, we introduce a high-order finite element (FE) formulation (high-order bases) for elastodynamic simulation on high-order (curved) meshes with contact handling based on the recently proposed Incremental Potential Contact (IPC) model. Our approach is based on the observation that each IPC optimization step used to minimize the elasticity, contact, and friction potentials leads to linear trajectories even in the presence of nonlinear meshes or nonlinear FE bases. It is thus possible to retain the strong non-penetration guarantees and large time steps of the original formulation while benefiting from the high-order bases and high-order geometry. We accomplish this by mapping displacements and resulting contact forces between a linear collision proxy and the underlying high-order representation. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in a selection of problems from graphics, computational fabrication, and scientific computing.
Low-energy Mott-Hubbard excitations in LaMnO_3 probed by optical ellipsometry
Creators: name: Kovaleva, N. N.
name: Oles, Andrzej M.
name: Balbashov, A. M.
name: Maljuk, A.
name: Argyriou, D. N.
name: Khaliullin, G.
name: Keimer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive ellipsometric study of an untwinned, nearly stoichiometric LaMnO_3 crystal in the spectral range 1.2-6.0 eV at temperatures 20 K < T < 300 K. The complex dielectric response along the b and c axes of the Pbnm orthorhombic unit cell, ε^b(ν) and ε^c(ν), is highly anisotropic over the spectral range covered in the experiment. The difference between ε^b(ν) and ε^c(ν) increases with decreasing temperature, and the gradual evolution observed in the paramagnetic state is strongly enhanced by the onset of A-type antiferromagnetic long-range order at T_N = 139.6 K. In addition to the temperature changes in the lowest-energy gap excitation at 2 eV, there are opposite changes observed at higher energy at 4 - 5 eV, appearing on a broad-band background due to the strongly dipole-allowed O 2p -- Mn 3d transition around the charge-transfer energy 4.7 eV. Based on the observation of a pronounced spectral-weight transfer between low- and high-energy features upon magnetic ordering, they are assigned to high-spin and low-spin intersite d^4d^4 - d^3d^5 transitions by Mn electrons. The anisotropy of the lowest-energy optical band and the spectral weight shifts induced by antiferromagnetic spin correlations are quantitatively described by an effective spin-orbital superexchange model. An analysis of the multiplet structure of the intersite transitions by Mn e_g electrons allowed us to estimate the effective intra-atomic Coulomb interaction, the Hund exchange coupling, and the Jahn-Teller splitting energy between e_g orbitals in LaMnO_3. This study identifies the lowest-energy optical transition at 2 eV as an intersite d-d transition, whose energy is substantially reduced compared to that obtained from the bare intra-atomic Coulomb interaction.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures
Exploring Volatile General Anesthetic Binding to a Closed Membrane-Bound Bacterial Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel via Computation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Anesthetics, General
Anesthetics, Inhalation
Bacteria
Ion Channel Gating
Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Sodium Channels

description: Despite the clinical ubiquity of anesthesia, the molecular basis of anesthetic action is poorly understood. Amongst the many molecular targets proposed to contribute to anesthetic effects, the voltage gated sodium channels (VGSCs) should also be considered relevant, as they have been shown to be sensitive to all general anesthetics tested thus far. However, binding sites for VGSCs have not been identified. Moreover, the mechanism of inhibition is still largely unknown. The recently reported atomic structures of several members of the bacterial VGSC family offer the opportunity to shed light on the mechanism of action of anesthetics on these important ion channels. To this end, we have performed a molecular dynamics "flooding" simulation on a membrane-bound structural model of the archetypal bacterial VGSC, NaChBac in a closed pore conformation. This computation allowed us to identify binding sites and access pathways for the commonly used volatile general anesthetic, isoflurane. Three sites have been characterized with binding affinities in a physiologically relevant range. Interestingly, one of the most favorable sites is in the pore of the channel, suggesting that the binding sites of local and general anesthetics may overlap. Surprisingly, even though the activation gate of the channel is closed, and therefore the pore and the aqueous compartment at the intracellular side are disconnected, we observe binding of isoflurane in the central cavity. Several sampled association and dissociation events in the central cavity provide consistent support to the hypothesis that the "fenestrations" present in the membrane-embedded region of the channel act as the long-hypothesized hydrophobic drug access pathway. © 2013 Raju et al.
title: Colestasis disociada en imagen.
Creators: name: Soliva Martínez, Daniel
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Liver
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: MR

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
- Definir la colestasis disociada. -Recopilación y exposición de casos muy diversos,
pero con un mismo denominador común: la colestasis...
Integrable Differential Systems for Deformed Laguerre-Hahn Orthogonal Polynomials
Creators: name: Rebocho, Maria das Neves
name: Witte, Nicholas S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 33C47, 39A99

description: Our work studies sequences of orthogonal polynomials $ \{P_{n}(x)\}_{n=0}^{\infty} $ of the Laguerre-Hahn class, whose Stieltjes functions satisfy a Riccati type differential equation with polynomial coefficients, are subject to a deformation parameter $t$. We derive systems of differential equations and give Lax pairs, yielding non-linear differential equations in $t$ for the recurrence relation coefficients and Lax matrices of the orthogonal polynomials. A specialisation to a non semi-classical case obtained via a Möbius transformation of a Stieltjes function related to a modified Jacobi weight is studied in detail, showing this system is governed by a differential equation of the Painlevé type P$_\textrm{VI}$. The particular case of P$_\textrm{VI}$ arising here has the same four parameters as the solution found by Magnus [A.P. Magnus, Painlevé-type differential equations for the recurrence coefficients of semi-classical orthogonal polynomials, J. Comput. Appl. Math., 57:215-237, 1995] but differs in the boundary conditions.
Raw sequencing data: whole-transcriptome and targeted RNA sequencing
Creators: name: Pokorna, Petra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cancer

description: Whole-transcriptome and targeted RNA sequencing data related to "Minimal disseminated disease guided intermittent dosing in cancer patients: Successful treatment of chemoresitant anaplastic large cell lymphoma using intermittent lorlatinib dosing" article.
Exponential rate of almost sure convergence of intrinsic martingales in supercritical branching random walks
Creators: name: Iksanov, A.
name: Meiners, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J80 (Primary), 60K05, 60G42 (Secondary)

description: We provide sufficient conditions which ensure that the intrinsic martingale in the supercritical branching random walk converges exponentially fast to its limit. The case of Galton-Watson processes is particularly included so that our results can be seen as a generalization of a result given in the classical treatise by Asmussen and Hering. As an auxiliary tool, we prove ultimate versions of two results concerning the exponential renewal measures which may be interesting on its own and which correct, generalize and simplify some earlier works.
description: 1 figure
Periods of a max-type equation
Creators: name: Bas, Antonio Linero
name: Roldán, Daniel Nieves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39A23, 11A99, 37E99

description: We consider the max-type equation $$x_{n+4}=\max\{x_{n+3},x_{n+2},x_{n+1},0\}-x_n,$$ with arbitrary real initial conditions. We describe completely its set of periods $\mathrm{Per}(F_4)$, as well as its associate periodic orbits. We also prove that there exists a natural number $N\notin\mathrm{Per}(F_4)$ for which $$\left\{N+m:m\geq 1,m\in\mathbb N\right\}\subset\mathrm{Per}(F_4).$$
description: 39 pages, 1 figure; to be published in Journal of Difference Equations and Applications
Noninvasive Metabolic Imaging of Engineered 3D Human Adipose Tissue in a Perfusion Bioreactor
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Adipose Tissue
Bioreactors
Cells, Cultured
Energy Metabolism
Extracellular Matrix
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
Humans
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
Perfusion
Tissue Engineering

description: The efficacy and economy of most in vitro human models used in research is limited by the lack of a physiologically-relevant three-dimensional perfused environment and the inability to noninvasively quantify the structural and biochemical characteristics of the tissue. The goal of this project was to develop a perfusion bioreactor system compatible with two-photon imaging to noninvasively assess tissue engineered human adipose tissue structure and function in vitro. Three-dimensional (3D) vascularized human adipose tissues were engineered in vitro, before being introduced to a perfusion environment and tracked over time by automated quantification of endogenous markers of metabolism using two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF). Depth-resolved image stacks were analyzed for redox ratio metabolic profiling and compared to prior analyses performed on 3D engineered adipose tissue in static culture. Traditional assessments with H&E staining were used to qualitatively measure extracellular matrix generation and cell density with respect to location within the tissue. The distribution of cells within the tissue and average cellular redox ratios were different between static and perfusion cultures, while the trends of decreased redox ratio and increased cellular proliferation with time in both static and perfusion cultures were similar. These results establish a basis for noninvasive optical tracking of tissue structure and function in vitro, which can be applied to future studies to assess tissue development or drug toxicity screening and disease progression. © 2013 Ward et al.
title: Cuando la hemorragia digestiva viene  del intestino delgado
Creators: name: Martí De Gracia, Milagros
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
La hemorragia digestiva baja es,por definición,
la que proviene de cualquier punto del tubo digestivo distal al ángulo de Treizt. El procedimiento diagnóstico inicial clásico en la investigación de la causa de la HDBA es la colonoscopia. Entre...
title: Covid-19 and Capital Flows: The Responses of Investors to the Responses of Governments
Creators: name: Goldbach, Stefan
name: Nitsch, Volker
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2021

description: This paper examines the effect of national government response measures to Covid-19 on German international capital flows. Analyzing highly disaggregated monthly data from the German balance of payments statistics over the period from January 2019 through January 2021, we find that bilateral financial interactions are negatively affected by stricter containment and closure policies as well as health system policies of a partner country, while German capital flows benefit from a partner’s economic support policies. Moreover, to the extent that public interventions to fight the pandemic affect financial interactions, the adjustment mainly takes place along the intensive margin.
title: Hallazgos radiológicos por ecografía, TC y RM en los angiosarcomas cardiacos y aportaciones de la 18F-FDG-PET-TC en su diagnóstico y estadificación.
Creators: name: Santiago Chinchilla, Alicia
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: Thorax
subject: PET-CT
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Neoplasia

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Identificar los signos radiológicos por ecografía,
TC y RM de los angiosarcomas cardiacos,
y conocer en que puede ayudar la 18F-FDG-PET-TC en su diagnóstico y...
Dynamic equilibrium Mechanism for Surface Nanobubble Stabilization
Creators: name: Brenner, Michael P.
name: Lohse, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have convincingly demonstrated the existence of surface nanobubbles on submerged hydrophobic surfaces. However, classical theory dictates that small gaseous bubbles quickly dissolve because their large Laplace pressure causes a diffusive outflux of gas. Here we suggest that the bubbles are stabilized by a continuous influx of gas near the contact line, due to the gas attraction towards hydrophobic walls (Dammer & Lohse, PRL96, 206101 (2006); Zhang {\it et al.}, PRL98, 136101 (2007); Mezger {\it et al.}, J.\ Chem. Phys. 128, 244705 (2008)). This influx balances the outflux and allows for a meta-stable equilibrium, which however vanishes in thermodynamic equilibrium. Our theory predicts the equilibrium radius of the surface nanobubbles, as well as the threshold for surface nanobubble formation as a function of hydrophobicity and gas concentration.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, in press (2008)
title: Estadiaje local de recto por resonancia magnética y correlación radiopatológica.
Creators: name: Garramone Ramirez, Javier Eduardo
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: MR
subject: Colon
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Conocer los hallazgos típicos de la patología neoplásica en el recto,
focalizando en los signos de extensión local. Comparar el estadiaje local aportado por la resonancia sin y tras tratamiento oncológico,
con los hallazgos de la ecografía...
Screening doctors in training for dyslexia: the benefits of an inclusive screening approach
Creators: name: O'Dwyer, Sadhbh
name: Lavington, Glynis
name: Miller, Jane
name: Elfes, Chris
name: Calogeras, Antonia
name: El-Bakri, Fatima
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: There is a lack of suitable screeners for dyslexia for doctors in training, as the typical adult screeners do not cater for the needs of capable medical graduates. The aim of this research is to create an inclusive screening and training process for doctors with undiagnosed dyslexia. This involved working with doctors to co-create a new dyslexia screener tool. We designed an innovative holistic dyslexia screening, assessment, and support system as part of a 3-year longitudinal study. Qualitative data was collected through the use of a dyslexia screener and case-study interviews with trainees in general practice and psychiatry. Interviews were thematically analyzed to explore dyslexic trainees’ experiences of an inclusive approach to dyslexia screening and assessment. Out of the 103 trainees that were screened, 10 were found to have dyslexia, one dyspraxia, and another ADHD trait. Dyslexia-specific coaching, exam, and workplace accommodations were beneficial in dispelling stigma about dyslexia as well as supporting examination success. International Medical Graduate (IMG) trainees were also supported in this process. The case study participants’ progression was tracked over 3 years, and all subsequently passed their examinations. We recommend that all trainees are given access to this inclusive, holistic, medical-focused dyslexia screening process. Specifically, this can enable newly diagnosed trainees to access support and exam accommodation. In particular, greater understanding of dyslexia helps dispel stigma and enable better support, which has a positive impact on trainee well-being as well as progression.
Design and Evaluation of Active Noise Control on Machinery Noise
Creators: name: Wen, Shulin
name: Nguyen, Duy Hai
name: Wang, Miqing
name: Gan, Woon-Seng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Construction workers and residents live near around construction sites are exposed to noises that might cause hearing loss, high blood pressure, heart disease, sleep disturbance and stress. Regulations has been carried out by national governments to limit the maximum permissible noise levels for construction works. A four-channel active noise control system mounted on the opening of an enclosure is designed to prevent the machinery noise from spreading around and retaining the heat diffusion path. Multi-channel FxLMS algorithm in time domain is implemented on the main controller. A Genelec speaker is placed inside the box as the primary noise source to play back different types of noises. Analyses and experiments are carried out to investigate the controllable frequency range of this ANC system in detail. Considerable noise reduction performance is achieved for different recorded practical construction noises.
The adsorption of atropine sulfate and selected opium alkaloids and sulfonamides by kaolin
Creators: name: Choi, Ho Pang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The adsorption interactions between kaolin and chlorpromazine hydrochloride, codeine phosphate, morphine sulfate, atropine sulfate, and four sulfonamides were studied in vitro. With the exception of chlorpromazine hydrochloride and three of the sulfonamides, these test drugs have been combined with kaolin into antidiarrheal preparations. Due to solubility problems, the adsorption of the sulfonamides by kaolin was investigated in 1:12.5 hydrochloric acid solution. All other studies were carried out in water and in pH 1.2, 3.0, and 5.0 hydrochloric acid solutions and at a temperature of 37.0°C. The data for adsorbed drugs could, in most instances, be represented graphically on the basis of either the Freundlich or Langmuir adsorption equations. However, several of the adsorption isotherms were classified according to the system outlined by Giles and his co-workers (1960). Desorption studies for adsorbed drugs were carried out in aqueous solution. Under the experimental conditions cited, the sulfonamides were not adsorbed by kaolin. All other test drugs were adsorbed by this clay. In general, adsorption varied with the pH of the adsorption medium. With the exception of atropine sulfate, the adsorption of chlorpromazine hydrochloride and the opium alkaloids appears to be a reversible process. On the basis of data obtained, it was estimated that over 90% of a normal dose of chlorpromazine hydrochloride, atropine sulfate, morphine sulfate, or codeine phosphate would be adsorbed by a normal dose (six gm.) of kaolin if the drug and the adsorbent were allowed to equilibrate in 40 ml. of water. The in vivo significance of these results is not known. However, on the basis of in vivo data for lincomycin hydrochloride (Wagner, 1966) and a limited number of other drugs, decreases in plasma levels following concurrent administration of kaolin containing preparations are greater than those that might be predicted by in vitro data. This may, therefore, imply that the incorporation of opium alkaloids or atropine sulfate into antidiarrheal preparations containing kaolin is undesirable but the final proof of such an assumption must be based on carefully controlled studies in man. This abstract represents the true contents of the thesis submitted.
Effect of realistic out-of-plane dopant potentials on the superfluid density of overdoped cuprates
Creators: name: Özdemir, H. U.
name: Mishra, Vivek
name: Lee-Hone, N. R.
name: Kong, Xiangru
name: Berlijn, T.
name: Broun, D. M.
name: Hirschfeld, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental papers on hole-doped overdoped cuprates have argued that a series of observations showing unexpected behavior in the superconducting state imply the breakdown of the quasiparticle-based Landau-BCS paradigm in that doping range. In contrast, some of the present authors have argued that a phenomenological "dirty $d$-wave" theoretical analysis explains essentially all aspects of thermodynamic and transport properties in the superconducting state, provided the unusual effects of weak, out-of-plane dopant impurities are properly accounted for. Here we attempt to place this theory on a more quantitative basis by performing $\textit{ab-initio}$ calculations of dopant impurity potentials for LSCO and Tl-2201. These potentials are more complex than the pointlike impurity models considered previously, and require calculation of forward scattering corrections to transport properties. Including realistic, ARPES-derived bandstructures, Fermi liquid renormalizations, and vertex corrections, we show that the theory can explain semiquantitatively the unusual superfluid density measurements of the two most studied overdoped materials.
description: 19 page, 13 figures
Critical discussion of Tomboulis's approach to the confinement problem
Creators: name: Ito, Keiichi R.
name: Seiler, Erhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The approach to the confinement problem proposed by E.T. Tomboulis is analyzed critically. We point out some problems and discuss the chances of producing a proof by using his strategy.
description: 5 pages
Evaluation of the effects of insertion of viscous dampers in Moment Resisting Frames
Creators: name: Muscio, Saverio <1976>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2010
Subjects: ICAR/09 Tecnica delle costruzioni

description: This research work faces the problem of insertion of viscous dampers into Moment Resisiting Frames (MRF) for maximum efficiency in mitigation of the seismic effects. The work would lead to a precise design indication.
The fundamental result of the thesis consists in showing that, even for moment-resisting structures, you can design a system of added viscous dampers able to achieve target levels of performances. Ie given the reduction factor in the seismic response, discover the characteristics of the viscous dampers which allow to achieve it.
Calculation of the He-II quasiparticle spectrum by the method of collective variables
Creators: name: Tomchenko, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The method of collective variables (MCV) has been used to calculate the logarithm of the He-II ground-state wave function, ln(Psi_0), to an accuracy of a first correction to the Jastrow function and, in a second approximation, the wave function Psi_k of the first excited state and the He-II quasiparticle spectrum. The functions Psi_0 and Psi_k were found as the eigenfunctions of the N-particle Schro"dinger equation, and the function Psi_0 was connected to the structure factor of He-II, using the Vakarchuk equation. The model does not contain any fitting parameter or function. The quasiparticle spectrum calculated numerically agrees well with the experiment. Our solution improves the result obtained early by Yukhnovskyi and Vakarchuk.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures