cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A two-dimensional integrable axionic sigma-model and T-duality
Creators: name: Balog, J.
name: Forgacs, P.
name: Palla, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An $S$-matrix is proposed for the two dimensional O(3) $σ$-model with a dynamical $θ$-term (axion model). Exploiting an Abelian T-duality transformation connecting the axion model to an integrable SU(2)$\times$U(1) symmetric principal $σ$-model, strong evidence is presented for the correctness of the proposed $S$-matrix by comparing the perturbatively calculated free energies with the ones based on the Thermodynamical Bethe Ansatz. This T-duality transformation also leads to a new Lax-pair for both models. The quantum non-integrability of the O(3) $σ$-model with a {\sl constant} $θ$-term, in contradistinction to the axion model, is illustrated by calculating the $2\to3$ particle production amplitude to lowest order in $θ$.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX
Dynamic active constraints for robot assisted minimally invasive surgery
Creators: name: Kwok, Ka Wai
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: In recent years, robot assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) is playing an increasingly important role in surgery. Although the benefit of reduced patient trauma and hospitalisation with improved prognosis has been achieved through the enhanced dexterity and accuracy of instrument manipulation by the introduction of robotic assistance, the use of current master-slave platform has inevitably imposed the increased physical separation that deteriorates the hand-eye coordination due to a lack of haptic feedback. To this end, the concept of Virtual Fixtures (VFs) and Active Constraints has attracted significant research interests. It provides in situ effective guidance of access routes to the target anatomy safely. However, its clinical potential is only well established for procedures such as orthopaedic surgery, which are conducted under a static frame-of-reference due to the relatively rigid anatomy involved. The main focus of this thesis is concerned with modelling spatial constraints that are adaptive to tissue deformation. These constraints define safe manipulation margins for an entire robot rather than just its end-effector. An analytical framework is proposed to control an articulated flexible robotic device. Provided with these dynamic active constraints, the framework enables the operator to perform smooth articulation or steady navigation along curved anatomical pathways even under rapid tissue deformation. The challenges induced by hyper-kinematic redundancy of the robot and increased computational burden of real-time haptic rendering are addressed so that they facilitate seamless interaction with the robot by using lower degree-of-freedom (DoF) haptic interfacing device. Furthermore, the use of a gaze contingent paradigm is also investigated to enhance the human-robot interaction by linking the manipulation constraints with visual track. To demonstrate the practical nature of the proposed framework, detailed quantitative validations were conducted on groups of subjects. Future directions and potential improvements to the proposed techniques are finally outlined.
Oral history interview with J. Myron Atkin 1983
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: College administrators
Endowments
Endowment of research
Education--Research

description: Spencer Foundation Seed Grant Program at University of Illinois and Stanford University: proposals, choice of awards, evaluation of research; Thomas James' influence at Stanford School of Education and the Spencer Foundation; Spencer Foundation grants compared to those from other foundations.
Measuring the complexity of reductions between equivalence relations
Creators: name: Fokina, Ekaterina
name: Rossegger, Dino
name: Mauro, Luca San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03D45

description: Computable reducibility is a well-established notion that allows to compare the complexity of various equivalence relations over the natural numbers. We generalize computable reducibility by introducing degree spectra of reducibility and bi-reducibility. These spectra provide a natural way of measuring the complexity of reductions between equivalence relations. We prove that any upward closed collection of Turing degrees with a countable basis can be realised as a reducibility spectrum or as a bi-reducibility spectrum. We show also that there is a reducibility spectrum of computably enumerable equivalence relations with no countable basis and a reducibility spectrum of computably enumerable equivalence relations which is downward dense, thus has no basis.
description: 17 pages
Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina Site Survey Record 38BK2714
Creators: name: Fernandez, Rachel
Publisher: name: South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology
Year: 2015
Subjects: North Air Force Auxiliary Field
Berkeley (County)
Orangeburg (County)
South Carolina (State / Territory)
Charles (County)
Prehistoric
Early Woodland
Middle Woodland
Late Woodland
38BK2714
Ceramic Scatter
Lithic Scatter
Ceramic
Chert
Site Survey Records
Site Form
Archaeological Overview
Reconnaissance / Survey
Heritage Management
Systematic Survey

description: This document is a site form for site 38BK2714 recorded by the University of South Carolina.
Studies on the reactivity of copper complexes with NO and CO, and their applications in molecular imaging
Creators: name: Wilson, Neil
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: This thesis is concerned with the development of metal complexes capable of selectively trapping and releasing nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. In the case of the former, we have utilised copper(II) complexes containing a nitrobenzofurazan (NBD) fluorophore which exhibit a restoration of fluorescence in the presence of nitric oxide. These complexes have shown to be water soluble, cell permeable, non toxic and selective towards nitric oxide over several other reactive oxygen and nitrogen species of biological relevance. For this reason these complexes have been used for the cellular imaging of nitric oxide. We have shown that our complexes can be localised within the cell membrane and can be used to image NO with a detection limit of 1μM. The second part of this thesis deals with the synthesis of copper(I) complexes of tris(2- pyridylmethyl)amine (tmpa) and their reactivity towards carbon monoxide. The aim of these studies was to develop pre-concentrating reagents capable of trapping 11CO for radiolabelling applications (more specifically for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) labelling). Indeed, these copper(I) complexes have been shown to trap near quantitative amounts of 11CO from nitrogen-rich gas streams without the need for elevated pressure or low temperature. To be useful, the trapping/release system must be compatible with some means of incorporating the CO into the desired target molecule. It has been demonstrated that [Cu(tmpa)(CO)]+ can be used as the CO source when performing palladium-catalysed carbonylations between amines and aryl halides to form amides.
S-Duality in Gauge Theories as a Canonical Transformation
Creators: name: Lozano, Yolanda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that S-duality in four dimensional non-supersymmetric abelian gauge theories can be formulated as a canonical transformation in the phase space of the theory. This transformation is the usual interchange between electric and magnetic degrees of freedom. It is shown that in phase space the modular anomaly emerges as the result of integrating out the momenta degrees of freedom. The generalization to d dimensional abelian gauge theories of p forms is also considered. In the case of non-abelian gauge theories a careful analysis of the constraints implied by the canonical transformation shows that it does not relate Yang-Mills theories with inverted couplings. In fact the dual theory is shown to be of Freedman- Townsend's type, also with ${\tilde τ}=-1/τ$, $τ=\fracθ{2π}+\frac{4πi}{g^2}$.
description: 13 pages, latex file, important changes in the non-abelian case. Some references added
Graphene quantum blisters: a tunable system to confine charge carriers
Creators: name: Abdullah, Hasan M.
name: Van der Donck, M.
name: Bahlouli, H.
name: Peeters, F. M.
name: Van Duppen, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to Klein tunneling, electrostatic confinement of electrons in graphene is not possible. This hinders the use of graphene for quantum dot applications. Only through quasi-bound states with finite lifetime has one achieved to confine charge carriers. Here we propose that bilayer graphene with a local region of decoupled graphene layers is able to generate bound states under the application of an electrostatic gate. The discrete energy levels in such a quantum blister correspond to localized electron and hole states in the top and bottom layers. We find that this layer localization and the energy spectrum itself are tunable by a global electrostatic gate and that the latter also coincides with the electronic modes in a graphene disk. Curiously, states with energy close to the continuum exist primarily in the classically forbidden region outside the domain defining the blister. The results are robust against variations in size and shape of the blister which shows that it is a versatile system to achieve tunable electrostatic confinement in graphene.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
The k-folded sine-Gordon model in finite volume
Creators: name: Bajnok, Z.
name: Palla, L.
name: Takacs, G.
name: Wagner, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the k-folded sine-Gordon model, obtained from the usual version by identifying the scalar field after k periods of the cosine potential. We examine (1) the ground state energy split, (2) the lowest lying multi-particle state spectrum and (3) vacuum expectation values of local fields in finite spatial volume, combining the Truncated Conformal Space Approach, the method of the Destri-de Vega nonlinear integral equation (NLIE) and semiclassical instanton calculations. We show that the predictions of all these different methods are consistent with each other and in particular provide further support for the NLIE method in the presence of a twist parameter. It turns out that the model provides an optimal laboratory for examining instanton contributions beyond the dilute instanton gas approximation. We also provide evidence for the exact formula for the vacuum expectation values conjectured by Lukyanov and Zamolodchikov.
description: 36 pages, 11 eps figures, LaTeX2e with amssymb.sty. A reference and a preprint number added
Navigating the Landscape of Distributed File Systems: Architectures, Implementations, and Considerations
Creators: name: Pan, Xueting
name: Luo, Ziqian
name: Zhou, Lisang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distributed File Systems (DFS) have emerged as sophisticated solutions for efficient file storage and management across interconnected computer nodes. The main objective of DFS is to achieve flexible, scalable, and resilient file storage management by dispersing file data across multiple interconnected computer nodes, enabling users to seamlessly access and manipulate files distributed across diverse nodes. This article provides an overview of DFS, its architecture, classification methods, design considerations, challenges, and common implementations. Common DFS implementations discussed include NFS, AFS, GFS, HDFS, and CephFS, each tailored to specific use cases and design goals. Understanding the nuances of DFS architecture, classification, and design considerations is crucial for developing efficient, stable, and secure distributed file systems to meet diverse user and application needs in modern computing environments.
Methods for Generating Quasi-Exactly Solvable Potentials
Creators: name: Gangopadhyaya, Asim
name: Khare, Avinash
name: Sukhatme, Uday P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe three different methods for generating quasi-exactly solvable potentials, for which a finite number of eigenstates are analytically known. The three methods are respectively based on (i) a polynomial ansatz for wave functions; (ii) point canonical transformations; (iii) supersymmetric quantum mechanics. The methods are rather general and give considerably richer results than those available in the current literature.
description: 12 pages, LaTex
400 Gbps Dual-polarisation Non-linear Frequency-division Multiplexed Transmission with b-Modulation
Creators: name: Yangzhang, Xianhe
name: Aref, Vahid
name: Le, Son T.
name: Buelow, Henning
name: Bayvel, Polina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We demonstrate, for the first time, a b-modulated dual-polarisation NFDM transmission in simulation, achieving a record net data rate of 400 Gbps (SE of 7.2 bit/s/Hz) over 960 km. The proposed scheme shows 1 dB Q-factor improvement over qc-modulation scheme.
description: Accepted by ECOC 2018
Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina Site Survey Record 38BK2735
Creators: name: Fernandez, Rachel
Publisher: name: South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology
Year: 2015
Subjects: North Air Force Auxiliary Field
Berkeley (County)
Charleston (County)
Orangeburg (County)
South Carolina (State / Territory)
Joint Base Charleston
18th-19th Centuries
Historic
38BK2735
Causeway
Site Survey Records
Site Form
Archaeological Overview
Reconnaissance / Survey
Heritage Management
Systematic Survey

description: This document is a site form for site 38BK2735 recorded by the University of South Carolina.
Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina Site Survey Record 38CH1705
Creators: name: Fernandez, Rachel
Publisher: name: South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology
Year: 1998
Subjects: North Air Force Auxiliary Field
Berkeley (County)
Charleston (County)
Orangeburg (County)
South Carolina (State / Territory)
Joint Base Charleston
20th Century
Prehistoric
Middle Woodland
Historic
38CH1705
Park
Brick
Ceramic
Iron Nut
Metal
Site Survey Records
Site Form
Archaeological Overview
Reconnaissance / Survey
Heritage Management
Systematic Survey

description: This document is a site form for site 38CH1705 recorded by the University of South Carolina.
Los Angeles Air Force Base Integrated Cultural Resource Management Plan
Creators: name: Los Angeles Air Force Base
Year: 2018
Subjects: Fort MacArthur, California
San Pedro, California
Dublin, California
El Segundo, California
Carson, California
California (State / Territory)
Spanish Period
World War I
20th Century
World War II
Native American
Prehistoric
Historic
Euroamerican
500 Varas Square National Register District
CA-LAn-291
CA-LAn-1144
CA-LAn-105
Lawndale Annex
Area A
White Points Reservation
Pacific Heights Housing Area
Fort MacArthur Middle Reservation
Pacific Crest Housing Area
Hamlet / Village
Lithic Scatter
Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
Shell
Fish Hooks
Pestle
Pendant
Mortar
Pecked Stone
Shellfish Remains
Beads
Biface
Hammerstone
Drill
Chipped Stone
Fauna
Ground Stone
Core
ICRMP
Archaeological Overview
Historic Background Research

description: The Integrated Cultural Resources Management Plan (ICRMP) is a planning document used to manage an installation's cultural resources management program. The document identifies cultural resource activities such as surveys and building inventories, that have taken place on an installation. It also identifies and describes historic resources within installation boundaries, identifies Native American groups affiliated with an installation, and provides a plan for staying in compliance with cultural resource laws. The document is used by installation command to make decisions about cultural resources management and compliance activities.This ICRMP has been prepared to document the known cultural resources located within the boundaries o f Los Angeles Air Force Base (LAAFB), as well as to develop preliminary recommendations for the immediate and future management o f those resources. This document serves as an update to the ICRMP prepared for LAAFB in 2002 (US Air Force 2002).
Final Report on Underground Bunker and Tunnel Investigation at Fort MacArthur Middle Reservation, Los Angeles Air Force Base, San Pedro, California
Creators: name: Science Applications International Corporation
Year: 2004
Subjects: Los Angeles Air Force Base
San Pedro, California
Los Angeles, California
California (State / Territory)
World War I
20th Century
World War II
Historic
Fort MacArthur, Upper Reservation Site
Trona Building
Fort MacArthur, Lower Reservation Site
Fort MacArthur Middle Reservation
Ventilation Shaft
Access Tunnel
Slit Trench
World War II Slit Trenches
Underground Arms Vault
Military Structure
Parade Ground
Playground
Rail Lines
Storage Magazine
Metal
Geophysical Survey
Reflection Seismology
Historic Background Research

description: This report presents the results of a geophysical investigation that was conducted in the vicinity of a ventilation shaft located on the bluff face between the Fort MacArthur Middle Reservation and Via Cabrillo Marina. The purpose of the geophysical investigation was to determine if tunnels extended west and east of the ventilation shaft. The report provides a discussion of the video inspection and utility location, seismic reflection background, seismic equipment and field procedures, data processing, interpretation of the seismic reflection data and conclusions.
MEASURING THE PROPERTIES OF ROCK VARNISH ON PETROGLYPHS: A COMPARISON OF THREE METHODS OF ANALYSIS USED ON DATED GRAFFITI AND ANCIENT PETROGLYPHS AT THREE SITES IN ARIZONA
Creators: name: Astroth, Kirk
Publisher: name: University of Arizona
Year: 2020

description: Archaeologists, as well as petroglyph and pictograph researchers more specifically, have striven for years to develop scientific means for dating petroglyphs, through both direct and indirect methods. For years, the conventional wisdom has been that the older a petroglyph is, the darker it will appear because of the constant process of varnish formation that occurs on rocks in arid environments. This study focused on analyzing varnish formation on both dated inscriptions and undated precolumbian petroglyphs to see if a relative dating chronology could be created based on varnish darkness. I studied petroglyphs at three sites in southern Arizona because they had a number of dated inscriptions that showed potential for analysis alongside many more ancient inscriptions. Three methods of analysis were used. First, digital photographs of both dated and undated inscriptions were color corrected to the standard International Federation of Rock Art Organizations (IFRAO) color card in PhotoShop and then analyzed for red-green-blue means (RGB) on selected sites of an area of 36 pixels. Second, a Sekonic light meter was used to measure both ambient light striking the petroglyphs and reflected light from the grooves of the inscriptions and these were averaged to obtain a reflectance (R) ratio. Third, a HunterLab spectrophotometer was used to measure reflected light from an internal UV light source and the result analyzed for a light (L*) value where zero was black and 100 was white. The results from the analysis of 79 images (both ancient and modern) contributes to and validates the previous work by Brazeau (2007), Whitley et al. (1984) and Wright (2011) that showed that varnish color can be accurately measured by modern tools. Older precolumbian petroglyphs are darker on average than more recent date inscriptions, and this can be demonstrated through scientific research on varnish color. However, it was not possible to accurately discern differences in varnish color on just the historically dated inscriptions. The time frame is too short to provide reliable, consistent readings. More research is needed in the future, perhaps using different color cards, using different software programs for color analysis, and utilizing more sensitive instruments that can measure very narrow grooves in both dated and undated inscriptions in order to analyze larger data sets. There is still much to learn about rock varnish and its formation and process of growth.
Testing emergent gravity with mass densities of galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Halenka, Vitali
name: Miller, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a sample of 23 galaxy clusters to test the predictions of emergent gravity (EG) as alternative to dark matter. Our sample has both weak-lensing inferred total mass profiles as well as x-ray inferred baryonic gas mass profiles. Using nominal assumptions about the weak-lensing and x-ray mass profiles, we find that the EG predictions (based on no dark matter) are acceptable fits only near the virial radius. In the cores and in the outskirts, the mass profile shape differences allow us to confirm previous results that the EG model can be ruled out at $>5σ$. However, when we account for systematic uncertainties in the observed weak-lensing and x-ray profiles, we find good agreement for the EG predictions. For instance, if the weak-lensing total mass profiles are shallow in the core and the x-ray gas density profiles are steep in the outskirts, EG can predict the observed dark matter profile in $0.3 \le r \le 1$R$_{200}$, where R$_{200}$ is the radius which encloses 200$\times$ the critical density of the Universe. The required x-ray and lensing shapes are within the current observational systematics-limited errors on cluster profiles. We also show that EG itself allows flexibility in its predictions, which can allow for good agreement between the observations and the predictions. We conclude that we cannot formally rule our EG as an alternative to dark matter on the cluster scale and that we require better constraints on the weak-lensing and gas mass profile shapes in the region $0.3 \le r \le 1$R$_{200}$.
Observation of proximity resonances in a parallel-plate waveguide
Creators: name: Hersch, Jesse
name: Heller, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed proximity resonances in a two dimensional system consisting of dielectric scatterers in a parallel plate waveguide. A numerical solution to the scattering problem supports the analysis of the experimental data.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
PHYTOLITH, STARCH, AND PROTEIN ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES AND AMS RADIOCARBON ANALYSIS OF ZEA MAYS FROM PTC NE EXTENSION ROW, SITE 36BU0445, BUCKS COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
Creators: name: Cummings, Linda Scott
Year: 2020
Subjects: Bucks County (County)
Pennsylvania (State / Territory)
Early Woodland
Late Archaic
Late Woodland
Middle Woodland
PTC NE Extension Row
36BU0445
Chipped Stone
Starch Analysis
Phytolith Analysis
AMS Radiocarbon Analysis
Protein Analysis
Data Recovery / Excavation

description: The Unami Creek Open Site, 36BU0445, is situated along Unami Creek in Bucks County, southeastern Pennsylvania. Originally, the site was thought to exhibit evidence of Late Archaic to Early Woodland (3700–2600 BP), Middle Woodland (2000–1700 BP), and Late woodland (1300–465 BP) occupation. Over 5,000 lithic artifacts were recovered, including Fox Creek and Late Woodland triangular projectile points. In addition, a late Woodland radiocarbon date (510–400 BP) was obtained. Fifteen flaked lithics and several soil control samples were submitted for protein residue analysis. In addition, phytolith and starch analyses were performed on residue recovered from an Owasco pottery sherd, a possible Owasco/Kelso or Oak Hill pottery sherd, another unidentified pottery sherd, a sandstone pestle, and a clay smoking pipe, as well as three of the control sediment samples. Finally, 15 macrobotanic remains were submitted for identification verification and one radiocarbon date if Zea mays was identified.
Multiloop String Amplitudes with B-Field and Noncommutative QFT
Creators: name: Chu, Chong-Sun
name: Russo, Rodolfo
name: Sciuto, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multiloop amplitudes for the bosonic string in presence of a constant B-field are built by using the basic commutation relations for the open string zero modes and oscillators. The open string Green function on the annulus is obtained from the one loop scattering amplitude among N tachyons. For higher loops, it is necessary to use the so called three Reggeon vertex, which describes the emission from the open string of another string and not simply of a tachyon. We find that the modifications to the three (and multi) Reggeon vertex due to the B-field only affect the zero modes and can be written in a simple and elegant way. Therefore we can easily sew these vertices together and write the general expression for the multiloop N-Reggeon vertex, which contains any loop string amplitude, in presence of the B-field. The field theory limit is also considered in some examples at two loops and reproduces exactly the results of a noncommutative scalar field theory.
description: Latex. 27 pages. 9 figures v2: typos corrected, references added; v3: ref. added, version to appear in NPB
Self-Supervised Learning for Medical Image Data with Anatomy-Oriented Imaging Planes
Creators: name: Zhang, Tianwei
name: Wei, Dong
name: Zhu, Mengmeng
name: Gu, Shi
name: Zheng, Yefeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-supervised learning has emerged as a powerful tool for pretraining deep networks on unlabeled data, prior to transfer learning of target tasks with limited annotation. The relevance between the pretraining pretext and target tasks is crucial to the success of transfer learning. Various pretext tasks have been proposed to utilize properties of medical image data (e.g., three dimensionality), which are more relevant to medical image analysis than generic ones for natural images. However, previous work rarely paid attention to data with anatomy-oriented imaging planes, e.g., standard cardiac magnetic resonance imaging views. As these imaging planes are defined according to the anatomy of the imaged organ, pretext tasks effectively exploiting this information can pretrain the networks to gain knowledge on the organ of interest. In this work, we propose two complementary pretext tasks for this group of medical image data based on the spatial relationship of the imaging planes. The first is to learn the relative orientation between the imaging planes and implemented as regressing their intersecting lines. The second exploits parallel imaging planes to regress their relative slice locations within a stack. Both pretext tasks are conceptually straightforward and easy to implement, and can be combined in multitask learning for better representation learning. Thorough experiments on two anatomical structures (heart and knee) and representative target tasks (semantic segmentation and classification) demonstrate that the proposed pretext tasks are effective in pretraining deep networks for remarkably boosted performance on the target tasks, and superior to other recent approaches.
description: Medical Image Analysis
The role of tyrosine hydroxylase-expressing interneurons in striatal activity and operant behavior
Creators: name: Stanfield, Briana R.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: The striatum contains a rich variety of interneuron subtypes with a highly specific synaptic organization. One of these subtypes, the tyrosine hydroxylase containing interneuron (THIN) has never been recorded in vivo. THIN connectivity is highly specialized: they are anatomically distinct from the more abundant fast spiking interneurons but provide inhibitory inputs to low-threshold spiking interneurons, and form electrical synapses with neurogliaform interneurons. They also are the only known GABAergic interneuron to be inhibited by spiny projection neurons. Lesion studies in THINs also show that they are involved with the execution of goal-directed behavior and the ability to modify behavior based on new stimuli. This thesis contains a set of experiments that will explore the functional role of THINs in-vivo. First, I use calcium imaging to record THINs in vivo in awake, freely moving mice to establish THINs’ oscillatory properties and coactivity. I found that THINs were highly coactive and exhibited significant multi-second oscillations. Next, I recorded THINs during the performance of a simple operant behavior. I discovered that during the performance of this behavior, THINs exhibited a nearly universal reduction of the calcium signal. Finally, to disentangle THIN correlates of goal-directed behavior and locomotion, I recorded THINs in a new operant task that necessitated ambulation to execute and compared those THIN responses to responses to locomotion in an open field. Interestingly, THIN activity was correlated with movement speed, and this correlation was higher in the operant behavior than in the undirected open field recordings. These results suggest that THINs respond to the association between action performance and outcome, and may either drive goal-directed behavior, or respond to the animal’s behavioral state as a feedback mechanism. By deciphering the functional role of this interneuron subtype, I hope to contribute to our understanding of how interneurons contribute to learning, behavior, and striatal information processing.
Improved monogamy relations with concurrence of assistance and negativity of assistance for multiqubit W-class states
Creators: name: Jin, Zhi-Xiang
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
name: Li-Jost, Xianqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monogamy relations characterize the distributions of entanglement in multipartite systems. We investigate the monogamy relations satisfied by the concurrence of assistance and the negativity of assistance for multiqubit generalized $W$-class states. Analytical monogamy inequalities are presented for both concurrence of assistance and negativity of assistance, which are shown to be tighter than the existing ones. Detailed examples have been presented.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Gaussian processes for choosing laser parameters for driven, dissipative Rydberg aggregates
Creators: name: Bentley, C. D. B.
name: Eisfeld, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To facilitate quantum simulation of open quantum systems at finite temperatures, an important ingredient is to achieve thermalization on a given time-scale. We consider a Rydberg aggregate (an arrangement of Rydberg atoms that interact via long-range interactions) embedded in a laser-driven atomic environment. For the smallest aggregate (two atoms), suitable laser parameters can be found by brute force scanning of the four tunable laser parameters. For more atoms, however, such parameter scans are too computationally costly. Here we apply Gaussian processes to predict the thermalization performance as a function of the laser parameters for two-atom and four-atom aggregates. These predictions perform remarkably well using just 1000 simulations, demonstrating the utility of Gaussian processes in an atomic physics setting. Using this approach, we find and present effective laser parameters for generating thermalization, the robustness of these parameters to variation, as well as different thermalization dynamics.
Quantile motion of electromagnetic waves in wave guides of varying cross section and dispersive media
Creators: name: Dahmen, H. D.
name: Gjonaj, E.
name: Stroh, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss applications of the quantile concept of trajectories and velocities to the propagation of electromagnetic signals in wave guides of varying cross section. Quantile motion is a general description of the transport properties of measurable conserved quantities in quantum mechanics as well as in classical electrodynamics. In the latter case we consider the quantile motion of electromagnetic energy as the direct result of a physical measurement. In this sense the quantile velocity corresponds to the electromagnetic signal velocity also in the presence of barriers and inhomogeneities in the medium of propagation. We show that this signal velocity is always smaller than the speed of light in vacuum. Using numerical examples we demonstrate how typical wave phenomena can be described in terms of the quantile motion.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX, revtex, 10 postscript figures. Talk given in the workshop "Superluminal(?) Velocities", Cologne, June 6-10, 1998, submitted to Annalen der Physik
Scapheremaeus ewani Colloff 2009
Creators: name: LIU, DONG
name: YI, TIAN-CI
name: XU, YUN
name: ZHANG, ZHI-QIANG
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Cymbaeremaeidae
Scapheremaeus
Scapheremaeus ewani

description: Scapheremaeus ewani Colloff, 2009: 24
— Holotype (ANIC), gutter of flight intercept trap, Casuarina woodland, 79 km, NNW Renmark, South Australia (33°31'S, 140°24'E).
description: Published as part of LIU, DONG, YI, TIAN-CI, XU, YUN & ZHANG, ZHI-QIANG, 2013, Hotspots of new species discovery: new mite species described during 2007 to 2012, pp. 1-102 in Zootaxa 3663 (1) on page 76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3663.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5630595
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0245v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0245v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0245v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
The implications of different IgG subclasses on graft rejection in sensitized individuals
Creators: name: Ballow, Amany A.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: The presence of memory B cells may contribute to graft damage. In fact, pre-transplant B cell sensitization in the absence of circulating antibody represents a risk factor, since grafts transplanted into recipients with historical positive but current negative direct crossmatch do less well than patients with no evidence of B cell sensitisation. This definition of ‘negative’ is based on conventional complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) assays and, more recently, on flow cytometry. In this study, I have analysed the significance of antibodies undetectable by these conventional techniques but found to be present using the more sensitive novel Luminex technology which has now become available to detect class I and class II HLA-specific antibodies present in pre-transplant patients’ sera at the time of transplantation. Even in the absence of low level antibodies, there may still be undetected B cell sensitization. An ELISpot assay has previously been developed to quantitate B cell responses. In this study, I have developed the ELISpot assay in an attempt to determine B cell allosensitization. This project aims were: 1. To evaluate the relationship between renal transplant outcome and the presence of low grade HLA-specific IgG-antibodies pre-transplant, both non-donor-specific as well as donor-specific antibodies detected using Luminex technology. 2. To develop ELISpot assays that detect the potential responses of the various cells of the B cell compartment, reflecting naive allo-reactivity as well as that which has been induced by historical sensitisation events. 3. To detect the presence of post-transplant HLA-specific IgG antibodies (both donorspecific and non-donor specific) in tolerant drug-free patient and determine their significance in defining the state of tolerance. Summary of the results: 1. Luminex technology is a more sensitive technique than flow cytometry and CDC in detecting low-level donor-HLA-specific antibodies which were present in pre-transplant patients’ sera at the time of transplantation and is associated with a higher incidence of rejection episodes. 2. IgM- and IgG-detecting ELISpot assays were developed to determine the frequency of antibody-secreting cells. I have begun to apply these methods to determine the humoral reactivity against alloantigen in sensitised patients. 3. Tolerant drug-free patients had no detectable donor-specific antibodies (DSA). In the non-tolerant patients, DSA-positive patients had worse graft function than DSAnegative patients.
Simulation of inelastic spin flip excitations and Kondo effect in STM spectroscopy of magnetic molecules on metal substrates
Creators: name: Jacob, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-ion magnetic anisotropy in molecular magnets leads to spin flip excitations that can be measured by inelastic scanning tunneling microscope (STM) spectroscopy. Here I present a semi ab initio scheme to compute the spectral features associated with inelastic spin flip excitations and Kondo effect of single molecular magnets. To this end density functional theory calculations of the molecule on the substrate are combined with more sophisticated many-body techniques for solving the Anderson impurity problem of the spin-carrying orbitals of the magnetic molecule coupled to the rest of the system, containing a phenomenological magnetic anisotropy term. For calculating the STM spectra an exact expression for the dI/dV in the ideal STM limit, when the coupling to the STM tip becomes negligibly small, is derived. In this limit the dI/dV is simply related to the spectral function of the molecule-substrate system. For the case of an Fe porphyrin molecule on the Au(111) substrate, the calculated STM spectra are in good agreement with recently measured STM spectra, showing the typical step features at finite bias associated with spin flip excitation of a spin-1 quantum magnet. For the case of Kondo effect in Mn porphyrin on Au(111), the agreement with the experimental spectra is not as good due to the neglect of quantum interference in the tunneling.
Oral history interview with J. William Flynt, 1991
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Hemophilia--History.--United States
Hemophilia--Social aspects
Hemophilia--Political aspects
AIDS (Disease)--History.--United States
Public health
Physicians

description: Involvement in evaluation HIV/AIDS risk reduction program of National Hemophilia Program (NHP) and in facilitating improvements in that program; negative perceptions of hemophilia treatment centers regarding HIV prevention; founding of HANDI; involvement in planning 1990 meeting in Nashville, Tennessee, of hemophilia treatment center staff, Center for Disease Control personnel; Maternal Child Health Bureau (MCHB) personnel, and National Hemophilia Foundation (NHF) personnel; disagreements between consumers and physicians at this meeting; weakness of medical model of hemophilia care in light of AIDS/HIV; definition of hemophilia community as inclusive of pharmaceutical providers; responsibilities of hemophilia community; tensions between and cooperation among various hemophilia organizations - NHF, CDC, MCH; changes in leadership in hemophilia community over time; isolation and denial regarding HIV/AIDS among members of hemophilia community; education versus support of people with hemophilia; variations of comprehensive care model within hemophilia care; similarities and differences of hemophilia comprehensive care programs and those of other chronic diseases; changing "psycho-dynamics" between people with hemophilia and providers over time and in light of AIDS/HIV; future of hemophilia care
On vortical disturbances in single and two-fluid boundary layers
Creators: name: Saha, Sandeep
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: The vortical disturbance environment surrounding a laminar boundary layer affects the proceedings of transition to turbulence. The exponentially growing Tollmien–Schlichting wave is observed under low free-stream turbulence levels, and is replaced by the algebraically growing streaks upon further increase in the turbulence intensity. This scenario is significantly affected by the presence of wall films which introduce additional instabilities and alter the amplification of the streaks. In this work, the effect of wall films on the linear stability of boundary layers is investigated using the Orr-Sommerfeld, Squire and the interface displacement equations. A modal analysis is conducted first, in order to identify all the unstable modes and their respective regimes of dominance. Furthermore, the physical mechanisms contributing to disturbance growth are studied using the kinetic energy equation. No unstable eigenvalues are found for wall films less viscous than the outer stream. Under such conditions, the streaks are likely to dominate; their amplification being dependent on the penetration of the free-stream vortical disturbances into the boundary layer. The ingestion of the free-stream vorticity in the mean shear is explained using the continuous spectrum of the Orr-Sommerfeld equation. A unique parameter is identified to distinguish three asymptotic regimes representing complete, partial and negligible penetration into the boundary layer, respectively. The physical mechanism is a competition between viscous diffusion and convection by the mean flow. The wall film affects the penetration into the boundary layer by modifying the wall-normal wavenumber across the interface. The penetrating free-stream disturbances efficiently generate streaks by tilting the mean vorticity. Their amplification is investigated using an initial value problem that describes the evolution of a linear perturbation. Lower viscosity wall films reduce the amplification of the streaks. However, another growth mechanism arising from the interfacial displacement dominates at long time and is enhanced for lower viscosity films.
The Effect of the Boundary Conditions in the Reformulation of QCD_4
Creators: name: Yoshida, Kentaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the phase structure of QCD_4 as a perturbative deformation of the Topological Quantum Field Theory (TQFT). When we choose a special Maximal Abelian gauge (MAG) as the gauge fixing, the TQFT sector is equivalent to a 2D O(3) non-linear sigma model (NLSM). We consider the finite temperature case, and investigate the effect of the boundary conditions and the phase structure of the TQFT sector. It can have a deconfining phase under the twisted boundary conditions. However, this phase is screened once pertubative parts are added. We conclude that the information about the phase structure is encoded in the U(1) background in the case of the MAG.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures; typos corrected; to appear in JHEP
Electro-optic properties from ab initio calculations in two-dimensional materials
Creators: name: Jiang, Zhijun
name: Xiang, Hongjun
name: Bellaiche, Laurent
name: Paillard, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electro-optic (EO) effects relate the change of optical constants by low-frequency electric fields. Thanks to the advent of Density Functional Perturbation Theory (DFPT), the EO properties of bulk three-dimensional (3D) materials can now be calculated in an ab initio way. However, the use of periodic boundary conditions in most Density Functional Theory codes imposes to simulate two-dimensional (2D) materials using slabs surrounded by a large layer of vacuum. The EO coefficients predicted from such calculations, if not rescaled properly, can severely deviate from the real EO properties of 2D materials. The present work discusses the issue and introduces the rescaling relationships allowing to recover the true EO properties.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Non Scale-Invariant Topological Landau-Ginzburg Models
Creators: name: Noguchi, Masayuki
name: Yang, Sung-Kil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Landau-Ginzburg formulation of two-dimensional topological sigma models on the target space with positive first Chern class is considered. The effective Landau-Ginzburg superpotential takes the form of logarithmic type which is characteristic of supersymmetric theories with the mass gap. The equations of motion yield the defining relations of the quantum cohomology ring. Topological correlation functions in the $CP^{n-1}$ and Grassmannian models are explicitly evaluated with the use of the logarithmic superpotential.
description: 14 pages, latex, no figures