cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ranks of $\mathcal{F}$-limits of filter sequences
Creators: name: Kwela, Adam
name: Recław, Ireneusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E05, 03E15, 40A30, 40A35, 26A03

description: We give an exact value of the rank of an $\mathcal{F}$-Fubini sum of filters for the case where $\mathcal{F}$ is a Borel filter of rank $1$. We also consider $\mathcal{F}$-limits of filters $\mathcal{F}_i$, which are of the form $\lim_\mathcal{F}\mathcal{F}_i=\left\{A\subset X: \left\{i\in I: A\in\mathcal{F}_i\right\}\in\mathcal{F}\right\}$. We estimate the ranks of such filters; in particular we prove that they can fall to $1$ for $\mathcal{F}$ as well as for $\mathcal{F}_i$ of arbitrarily large ranks. At the end we prove some facts concerning filters of countable type and their ranks.
Extractable entanglement from a Euclidean hourglass
Creators: name: Anegawa, Takanori
name: Iizuka, Norihiro
name: Kabat, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We previously proposed that entanglement across a planar surface can be obtained from the partition function on a Euclidean hourglass geometry. Here we extend the prescription to spherical entangling surfaces in conformal field theory. We use the prescription to evaluate log terms in the entropy of a CFT in two dimensions, a conformally-coupled scalar in four dimensions, and a Maxwell field in four dimensions. For Maxwell we reproduce the extractable entropy obtained by Soni and Trivedi. We take this as evidence that the hourglass prescription provides a Euclidean technique for evaluating extractable entropy in quantum field theory.
description: 20 pages. v2: references added. v3: added appendix A
Searching for $δ$ Scuti-type pulsation and characterising northern pre-main-sequence field stars
Creators: name: Díaz-Fraile, D.
name: Rodríguez, E.
name: Amado, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A photometric variability study of a sample of northern field stars, which previously classified as either PMS or Herbig Ae/Be objects, has been undertaken with the purpose of detecting δ Scuti-type pulsations. Determination of physical parameters for these stars has also been carried out to locate them on the HR diagram and check the instability strip for this type of pulsators. Multichannel photomultiplier and CCD time series photometry in the uvby Strömgren and BVI Johnson bands were obtained during four consecutive years from 2007 to 2010. The light curves have been analysed, and a variability criterion has been established. Among the objects classified as variable stars, we have selected those which present periodicities above 4 d^(-1), which was established as the lowest limit for δ Scuti-type pulsations in this investigation. Finally, these variable stars have been placed in a colour-magnitude diagram using the physical parameters derived with the collected uvbyβ Strömgren-Crawford photometry. Five PMS δ Scuti- and three probable β Cephei-type stars have been detected. Two additional PMS δ Scuti stars are also confirmed in this work. Moreover, three new δ Scuti- and two γ Doradus-type stars have been detected among the main-sequence objects used as comparison or check stars.
description: Accepted for publication in Section 14. Catalogs and data of Astronomy and Astrophysics. The official date of acceptance is 17/06/2014. 12 pages, 4 figures and 8 tables
Mechanical control of spheroid growth: Distinct morphogenetic regimes
Creators: name: Lubkin, Sharon R.
name: Lozoya, Oswaldo A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: We develop a model of transport and growth in epithelio-mesenchymal interactions. Analysis of the growth of an avascular solid spheroid inside a passive mesenchyme or gel shows that sustained volumetric growth requires four generic mechanisms: (1) growth factor, (2) protease, (3) control of cellularity, and (4) swelling. The model reveals a bifurcation delineating two distinct morphogenetic regimes: (A) steady growth, (B) growth arrested by capsule formation in the mesenchyme. In both morphogenetic regimes, growth velocity is constant unless and until a complete capsule forms. Comprehensive exploration of the large parameter space reveals that the bifurcation is determined by just two ratios representing the relative strengths of growth and proteolytic activity. Growth velocity is determined only by the ratio governing growth, independent of proteolytic activity. There is a continuum of interior versus surface growth, with fastest growth at the surface. The model provides a theoretical basis for explaining observations of growth arrest despite proteolysis of surrounding tissue, and gives a quantitative framework for the design and interpretation of experiments involving spheroids, and tissues which are locally equivalent to spheroids.
Becoming Large, Becoming Infinite: The Anatomy of Thermal Physics and Phase Transitions in Finite Systems
Creators: name: Lavis, David A.
name: Kuehn, Reimer
name: Frigg, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the anatomy of both thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, together with the relationships between their constituent parts. Based on this analysis, using the renormalization group and finite-size scaling, we give a definition of a large but finite system and argue that phase transitions are represented correctly, as incipient singularities in such systems. We describe the role of the thermodynamic limit. And we explore the implications of this picture of critical phenomena for the questions of reduction and emergence.
On Circuit Depth Scaling For Quantum Approximate Optimization
Creators: name: Akshay, V.
name: Philathong, H.
name: Campos, E.
name: Rabinovich, D.
name: Zacharov, I.
name: Zhang, Xiao-Ming
name: Biamonte, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68Q12

description: Variational quantum algorithms are the centerpiece of modern quantum programming. These algorithms involve training parameterized quantum circuits using a classical co-processor, an approach adapted partly from classical machine learning. An important subclass of these algorithms, designed for combinatorial optimization on currrent quantum hardware, is the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). It is known that problem density - a problem constraint to variable ratio - induces under-parametrization in fixed depth QAOA. Density dependent performance has been reported in the literature, yet the circuit depth required to achieve fixed performance (henceforth called critical depth) remained unknown. Here, we propose a predictive model, based on a logistic saturation conjecture for critical depth scaling with respect to density. Focusing on random instances of MAX-2-SAT, we test our predictive model against simulated data with up to 15 qubits. We report the average critical depth, required to attain a success probability of 0.7, saturates at a value of 10 for densities beyond 4. We observe the predictive model to describe the simulated data within a $3σ$ confidence interval. Furthermore, based on the model, a linear trend for the critical depth with respect problem size is recovered for the range of 5 to 15 qubits.
description: REVTeX, 6+2 pages, 4 figures
Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding for Multiuser MIMO Systems with Quantized CSI Feedback and User Scheduling
Creators: name: Sun, Liang
name: McKay, Matthew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies the sum rate performance of a low complexity quantized CSI-based Tomlinson-Harashima (TH) precoding scheme for downlink multiuser MIMO tansmission, employing greedy user selection. The asymptotic distribution of the output signal to interference plus noise ratio of each selected user and the asymptotic sum rate as the number of users K grows large are derived by using extreme value theory. For fixed finite signal to noise ratios and a finite number of transmit antennas $n_T$, we prove that as K grows large, the proposed approach can achieve the optimal sum rate scaling of the MIMO broadcast channel. We also prove that, if we ignore the precoding loss, the average sum rate of this approach converges to the average sum capacity of the MIMO broadcast channel. Our results provide insights into the effect of multiuser interference caused by quantized CSI on the multiuser diversity gain.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, IEEE Trans. Signal Process., Aug. 2014
Folding Orthosymplectic Quivers
Creators: name: Bourget, Antoine
name: Grimminger, Julius F.
name: Hanany, Amihay
name: Kalveks, Rudolph
name: Sperling, Marcus
name: Zhong, Zhenghao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Folding identical legs of a simply-laced quiver creates a quiver with a non-simply laced edge. So far, this has been explored for quivers containing unitary gauge groups. In this paper, orthosymplectic quivers are folded, giving rise to a new family of quivers. This is realised by intersecting orientifolds in the brane system. The monopole formula for these non-simply laced orthosymplectic quivers is introduced. Some of the folded quivers have Coulomb branches that are closures of minimal nilpotent orbits of exceptional algebras, thus providing a new construction of these fundamental moduli spaces. Moreover, a general family of folded orthosymplectic quivers is shown to be a new magnetic quiver realisation of Higgs branches of 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ theories. The Hasse (phase) diagrams of certain families are derived via quiver subtraction as well as Kraft-Procesi transitions in the brane system.
Correlation-induced magnetism in substrate-supported 2D metal-organic frameworks
Creators: name: Field, Bernard
name: Schiffrin, Agustin
name: Medhekar, Nikhil V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in a kagome lattice can exhibit strong electron-electron interactions, which can lead to tunable quantum phases including many exotic magnetic phases. While technological developments of 2D MOFs typically take advantage of substrates for growth, support, and electrical contacts, investigations often ignore substrates and their dramatic influence on electronic properties of MOFs. Here, we show how substrates alter the correlated magnetic phases in kagome MOFs using systematic density functional theory and mean-field Hubbard calculations. We demonstrate that MOF-substrate coupling, MOF-substrate charge transfer, strain, and external electric fields are key variables, activating and deactivating magnetic phases in these materials. While we consider the example of kagome-arranged 9,10-dicyanoanthracene molecules coordinated with copper atoms, our findings should generalise to any kagome lattice. This work offers useful predictions for tunable interaction-induced magnetism in surface-supported 2D organic materials, opening the door to solid-state electronic and spintronic technologies based on such systems.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures (including supplementary information). Clarified several of our arguments, added extra panels to Supplementary Figure 10, clarified some figure legends (results unchanged)
Changes in nasal airflow and heat transfer correlate with symptom improvement after surgery for nasal obstruction
Creators: name: Rhee, J.S.
name: Laud, Purushottam
name: Kimbell, J.S.
name: Frank, D.O.
name: Garcia, G.J.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Surgeries to correct nasal airway obstruction (NAO) often have less than desirable outcomes, partly due to the absence of an objective tool to select the most appropriate surgical approach for each patient. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models can be used to investigate nasal airflow, but variables need to be identified that can detect surgical changes and correlate with patient symptoms. CFD models were constructed from pre- and post-surgery computed tomography scans for 10 NAO patients showing no evidence of nasal cycling. Steady-state inspiratory airflow, nasal resistance, wall shear stress, and heat flux were computed for the main nasal cavity from nostrils to posterior nasal septum both bilaterally and unilaterally. Paired t-tests indicated that all CFD variables were significantly changed by surgery when calculated on the most obstructed side, and that airflow, nasal resistance, and heat flux were significantly changed bilaterally as well. Moderate linear correlations with patient-reported symptoms were found for airflow, heat flux, unilateral allocation of airflow, and unilateral nasal resistance as a fraction of bilateral nasal resistance when calculated on the most obstructed nasal side, suggesting that these variables may be useful for evaluating the efficacy of nasal surgery objectively. Similarity in the strengths of these correlations suggests that patient-reported symptoms may represent a constellation of effects and that these variables should be tracked concurrently during future virtual surgery planning.
Varying whole body vibration amplitude differentially affects tendon and ligament structural and material properties
Creators: name: Thompson, William R.
name: Dahners, Laurence E.
name: Keller, Benjamin V.
name: Davis, Matthew L.
name: Weinhold, Paul S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Whole Body Vibration (WBV) is becoming increasingly popular for helping to maintain bone mass and strengthening muscle. Vibration regimens optimized for bone maintenance often operate at hypogravity levels (<1 G) and regimens for muscle strengthening often employ hypergravity (>1 G) vibrations. The effect of vibratory loads on tendon and ligament properties is unclear though excessive vibrations may be injurious. Our objective was to evaluate how tendon gene expression and the mechanical/histological properties of tendon and ligament were affected in response to WBV in the following groups: no vibration, low vibration (0.3 G peak-to-peak), and high vibration (2 G peak-to-peak). Rats were vibrated for 20 min a day, 5 days a week, for 5 weeks. Upon sacrifice, the medial collateral ligament (MCL), patellar tendon (PT), and the Achilles Tendon (AT) were isolated with insertion sites intact. All tissues were tensile tested to determine structural and material properties or used for histology. Patellar tendon was also subjected to quantitative RT-PCR to evaluate expression of anabolic and catabolic genes. No differences in biomechanical data between the control and the low vibration groups were found. There was evidence of significant weakness in the MCL with high vibration, but no significant effect on the PT or AT. Histology of the MCL and PT showed a hypercellular tissue response and some fiber disorganization with high vibration. High vibration caused an increase in collagen expression and a trend for an increase in IGF-1 expression suggesting a potential anabolic response to prevent tendon overuse injury.
Die Kunst der Beziehungsgestaltung: Sozialarbeit mit Menschen, die an einer generalisierten Angststörung erkrankt sind: Eine Handlungsempfehlung für die Praxis
Creators: name: Gisler, Cedric
name: Wipfli, Melwin
Publisher: name: Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit
Year: 2024

description: Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit mit dem Titel «Die Kunst der Beziehungsgestaltung: Sozialberatung mit Menschen, die an einer generalisierten Angststörung erkrankt sind» untersucht die Beziehungsgestaltung in der Sozialberatung von Menschen mit generalisierter Angststörung. Die Bachelorarbeit wurde von Cédric Gisler und Melwin Wipfli im Rahmen einer Literaturrecherche erstellt.

Angststörungen gehören zu den häufigsten psychischen Erkrankungen, wobei dieses Krankheitsbild eine der verbreitetsten Formen darstellt. Die Arbeit beginnt mit einer detaillierten Beschreibung der generalisierten Angststörung, einschliesslich ihrer Symptome, Prävalenz und möglichen Ursachen. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt auf den Auswirkungen des Störungsbildes auf zwischenmenschliche Beziehungen und Bindungen. Im weiteren Verlauf wird die Bedeutung der Beziehungsgestaltung in der Sozialarbeit beleuchtet. Es wird erörtert, wie professionelle Beziehungen aufgebaut und gepflegt werden können, um den Beratungserfolg zu maximieren. Hierbei wird besonders auf die Theorien von Bindung und Beziehung eingegangen, um die Herausforderungen in der Arbeit mit Betroffenen zu verstehen.

Die Arbeit identifiziert fünf zentrale Problemfelder in der Beziehungsgestaltung mit Betroffenen: Vertrauen, Nähe und Distanz, Macht und asymmetrische Beziehungen, Widersprüchlichkeit und unbekannte Diagnosen. Auf Basis der Problemfelder werden praxisnahe Handlungsempfehlungen entwickelt, um Sozialarbeitenden effektive Instrumente zur Unterstützung und Beratung von Betroffenen zur Verfügung zu stellen. Schliesslich fasst die Arbeit die zentralen Erkenntnisse zusammen und bietet einen Ausblick auf zukünftige Forschungsmöglichkeiten.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit, 2024 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202409
Engineering meniscus structure and function via multi-layered mesenchymal stem cell-seeded nanofibrous scaffolds
Creators: name: Bostrom, Marc
name: Söegaard, Nicole
name: Henning, Elizabeth A.
name: Fisher, Matthew B.
name: Esterhai, John L.
name: Mauck, Robert L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Despite advances in tissue engineering for the knee meniscus, it remains a challenge to match the complex macroscopic and microscopic structural features of native tissue, including the circumferentially and radially aligned collagen bundles essential for mechanical function. To mimic this structural hierarchy, this study developed multi-lamellar mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-seeded nanofibrous constructs. Bovine MSCs were seeded onto nanofibrous scaffolds comprised of poly(ε-caprolactone) with fibers aligned in a single direction (0° or 90° to the scaffold long axis) or circumferentially aligned (C). Multi-layer groups (0°/0°/0°, 90°/90°/90°, 0°/90°/0°, 90°/0°/90°, and C/C/C) were created and cultured for a total of 6 weeks under conditions favoring fibrocartilaginous tissue formation. Tensile testing showed that 0° and C single layer constructs had stiffness values several fold higher than 90° constructs. For multi-layer groups, the stiffness of 0°/0°/0° constructs was higher than all other groups, while 90°/90°/90° constructs had the lowest values. Data for collagen content showed a general positive interactive effect for multi-layers relative to single layer constructs, while a positive interaction for stiffness was found only for the C/C/C group. Collagen content and cell infiltration occurred independent of scaffold alignment, and newly formed collagenous matrix followed the scaffold fiber direction. Structural hierarchies within multi-lamellar constructs dictated biomechanical properties, and only the C/C/C constructs with non-orthogonal alignment within layers featured positive mechanical reinforcement as a consequence of the layered construction. These multi-layer constructs may serve as functional substitutes for the meniscus as well as test beds to understand the complex mechanical principles that enable meniscus function.
Über die Stellung der Kirche und das Problem der Toleranz in einer übernationalen Staatengemeinschaft (6.12.1953)
Creators: name: Pius XII., Papst
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 8 Nr. 4 (1953): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 8, Heft 4
Multi-task Sparse Structure Learning
Creators: name: Goncalves, Andre R.
name: Das, Puja
name: Chatterjee, Soumyadeep
name: Sivakumar, Vidyashankar
name: Von Zuben, Fernando J.
name: Banerjee, Arindam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.1, J.2

description: Multi-task learning (MTL) aims to improve generalization performance by learning multiple related tasks simultaneously. While sometimes the underlying task relationship structure is known, often the structure needs to be estimated from data at hand. In this paper, we present a novel family of models for MTL, applicable to regression and classification problems, capable of learning the structure of task relationships. In particular, we consider a joint estimation problem of the task relationship structure and the individual task parameters, which is solved using alternating minimization. The task relationship structure learning component builds on recent advances in structure learning of Gaussian graphical models based on sparse estimators of the precision (inverse covariance) matrix. We illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model on a variety of synthetic and benchmark datasets for regression and classification. We also consider the problem of combining climate model outputs for better projections of future climate, with focus on temperature in South America, and show that the proposed model outperforms several existing methods for the problem.
description: 23rd ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management - CIKM 2014
The $πf_0(500)$ decay of the $a_1(1260)$
Creators: name: Molina, R.
name: Doering, M.
name: Liang, W. H.
name: Oset, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the $a_1(1260) \to πσ(f_0(500))$ decay width from the perspective that the $a_1(1260)$ resonance is dynamically generated from the pseudoscalar-vector interaction and the $σ$ arises from the pseudoscalar-pseudoscalar interaction. A triangle mechanism with $a_1(1260) \to ρπ$ followed by $ρ\to ππ$ and a fusion of two pions within the loop to produce the $σ$ provides the mechanism for this decay under these assumptions for the nature of the two resonances. We obtain widths of the order of $13-22$ MeV. Present experimental results differ substantially from each other, suggesting that extra efforts should be devoted to the precise extraction of this important partial decay width, which should provide valuable information on the nature of the axial vector and scalar meson resonances and help clarify the role of the $πσ$ channel in recent lattice QCD calculations of the $a_1$.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures and 1 table
Mining connections between chemicals, proteins, and diseases extracted from Medline annotations
Creators: name: Hemminger, Bradley M.
name: Baker, Nancy C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The biomedical literature is an important source of information about the biological activity and effects of chemicals. We present an application that extracts terms indicating biological activity of chemicals from Medline records, associates them with chemical name and stores the terms in a repository called ChemoText. We describe the construction of ChemoText and then demonstrate its utility in drug research by employing Swanson’s ABC discovery paradigm. We reproduce Swanson’s discovery of a connection between magnesium and migraine in a novel approach that uses only proteins as the intermediate B terms. We validate our methods by using a cutoff date and evaluate them by calculating precision and recall. In addition to magnesium, we have identified valproic acid and nitric oxide as chemicals which developed links to migraine. We hypothesize, based on protein annotations, that zinc and retinoic acid may play a role in migraine. The ChemoText repository has promise as a data source for drug discovery.
title: Pojęcie administracji
Creators: name: Supernat, Jerzy
Publisher: name: E-Wydawnictwo. Prawnicza i Ekonomiczna Biblioteka Cyfrowa. Wydział Prawa, Administracji i Ekonomii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego
Year: 2020

description: Tekst rekonstruuje zastosowany przez prof. Tadeusza Bigę sposób definiowania pojęcia administracji. Przedstawia i wyjaśnia wartości, ograniczenia i współczesne znaczenie definicji administracji autorstwa T. Bigi.
Text summarization in the biomedical domain: A systematic review of recent research
Creators: name: Mishra, Rashmi
name: Mostafa, Javed
name: Bian, Jiantao
name: Del Fiol, Guilherme
name: Jonnalagadda, Siddhartha
name: Fiszman, Marcelo
name: Weir, Charlene R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The amount of information for clinicians and clinical researchers is growing exponentially. Text summarization reduces information as an attempt to enable users to find and understand relevant source texts more quickly and effortlessly. In recent years, substantial research has been conducted to develop and evaluate various summarization techniques in the biomedical domain. The goal of this study was to systematically review recent published research on summarization of textual documents in the biomedical domain.
The design and testing of a dual fiber textile matrix for accelerating surface hemostasis
Creators: name: Fischer, Thomas H.
name: Decorta, Joseph A.
name: Manning, James E.
name: McCurdy, Shane L.
name: Johnson, Peter C.
name: McCord, Marian G.
name: Vournakis, John N.
name: Smith, Carr J.
name: Scull, Christopher M.
name: Nichols, Timothy C.
name: Rich, Preston B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The standard treatment for severe traumatic injury is frequently compression and application of gauze dressing to the site of hemorrhage. However, while able to rapidly absorb pools of shed blood, gauze fails to provide strong surface (topical) hemostasis. The result can be excess hemorrhage-related morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that cost-effective materials (based on widespread availability of bulk fibers for other commercial uses) could be designed based on fundamental hemostatic principles to partially emulate the wicking properties of gauze while concurrently stimulating superior hemostasis. A panel of readily available textile fibers was screened for the ability to activate platelets and the intrinsic coagulation cascade in vitro. Type E continuous filament glass and a specialty rayon fiber were identified from the material panel as accelerators of hemostatic reactions and were custom woven to produce a dual fiber textile bandage. The glass component strongly activated platelets while the specialty rayon agglutinated red blood cells. In comparison with gauze in vitro, the dual fiber textile significantly enhanced the rate of thrombin generation, clot generation as measured by thromboelastography, adhesive protein adsorption and cellular attachment and activation. These results indicate that hemostatic textiles can be designed that mimic gauze in form but surpass gauze in ability to accelerate hemostatic reactions.
A role for decorin in controlling proliferation, adhesion, and migration of murine embryonic fibroblasts
Creators: name: Anderson, D. K.
name: Peterson, S. B.
name: Ferdous, Z.
name: Iozzo, R. V.
name: Tseng, H.
name: Grande-Allen, K. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The proteoglycan decorin putatively inhibits cell adhesion and cell migration on various extracellular matrix substrates through interactions with β1 integrins. This study therefore examined the adhesive, migration, and proliferative characteristics of decorin knockout (Dcn−/−) murine embryonic fibroblasts compared to wild-type controls on collagen-coated, fibronectin-coated, and uncoated tissue culture plates. The Dcn−/− cells showed significantly greater proliferation than wild-type controls on all substrates. The Dcn−/− cells also showed significantly greater adhesion to both collagen and fibronectin; both cell types showed greater adhesion to collagen. The addition of exogenous decorin had a differential effect on adhesion to collagen between cell types, but not on fibronectin. For collagen, blocking either α2 or β1 integrin subunits significantly reduced adhesion for Dcn−/− cells; whereas for fibronectin, blocking either the α5 or β1 integrin subunits reduced adhesion for both cell types. Decorin and the α5β1 integrin may have lesser roles in adhesion to fibronectin than previously presumed. Finally, compared to wild-type cells, Dcn−/− cells showed greater migration on both uncoated and collagen substrates. This study demonstrates that decorin affects the biology of various integrins that participate in cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration on various substrates.
Interactions between endothelial cells and electrospun methacrylic terpolymer fibers for engineered vascular replacements
Creators: name: Nam, J.
name: Lannutti, J. J.
name: Heath, D. E.
name: Patterson, C.
name: Veleva, A. N.
name: Cooper, S. L.
name: Johnson, J. K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: A compliant terpolymer made of hexylmethacrylate (HMA), methylmethacrylate (MMA), and methacrylic acid (MAA) intended for use in small diameter vascular graft applications has been developed. The mechanical properties and in vitro biostability of this terpolymer have been previously characterized. The goal of this investigation was to examine the interactions between endothelial cells and the new terpolymer and to evaluate endothelial cell function. Electrospinning was used to produce both oriented and random terpolymer fiber scaffolds. Smooth solution cast films and tissue culture polystyrene were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Human blood outgrowth endothelial cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated with the test and control samples and characterized with respect to initial cell attachment, proliferation, viability, and maintenance of the endothelial cell phenotype. It was found that the terpolymer is cytocompatible allowing endothelial cell growth, with random fibers being more effective in promoting enhanced cellular activities than oriented fibers. In addition, endothelial cells cultured on these substrates appeared to maintain their phenotype. The results from this study demonstrate that electrospun HMA:MMA:MAA terpolymer has the potential to be used successfully in fabricating small diameter blood vessel replacements.
Nuclear Effective Field Theories: Reverberations of the early days
Creators: name: van Kolck, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective field theories are recognized nowadays as the framework to describe low-energy nuclear structure and reactions consistently with the underlying theory of the strong interactions, QCD. It was not always so. As we celebrate the 30 years of the first publications, I collect here some memories from those early days. I also discuss some of the key issues that were raised back then and, despite all progress, are still with us. Dedicated to the memory of Steven Weinberg, whose ideas will not die, wherever they may lead.
description: Contribution to the special issue of Few-Body Syst., "Celebrating 30 years of Steven Weinberg's papers on nuclear forces from chiral Lagrangians"
Ramsey Envelope Modulation in NV Diamond Magnetometry
Creators: name: Oon, Jner Tzern
name: Tang, Jiashen
name: Hart, Connor A.
name: Olsson, Kevin S.
name: Turner, Matthew J.
name: Schloss, Jennifer M.
name: Walsworth, Ronald L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) spin ensembles in diamond provide an advanced magnetic sensing platform, with applications in both the physical and life sciences. The development of isotopically engineered $^{15}$NV diamond offers advantages over naturally occurring $^{14}$NV for magnetometry, due to its simpler hyperfine structure. However, for sensing modalities requiring a bias magnetic field not aligned with the sensing NV axis, the absence of a quadrupole moment in the $^{15}$N nuclear spin leads to pronounced envelope modulation effects in time-dependent measurements of $^{15}$NV spin evolution. While such behavior in spin echo experiments are well studied, analogous effects in Ramsey measurements and the implications for magnetometry remain under-explored. Here, we derive the modulated $^{15}$NV Ramsey response to a misaligned bias field, using a simple vector description of the effective magnetic field on the nuclear spin. The predicted modulation properties are then compared to experimental results, revealing significant magnetic sensitivity loss if unaddressed. We demonstrate that double-quantum coherences of the NV $S=1$ electronic spin states dramatically suppress these envelope modulations, while additionally proving resilient to other parasitic effects such as strain heterogeneity and temperature shifts.
description: Main text: 9 pages, 5 figures
Support theory for Drinfeld doubles of some infinitesimal group schemes
Creators: name: Friedlander, Eric M.
name: Negron, Cris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider a Frobenius kernel G in a split semisimple algebraic group, in very good characteristic. We provide an analysis of support for the Drinfeld center Z(rep(G)) of the representation category for G, or equivalently for the representation category of the Drinfeld double of kG. We show that thick ideals in the corresponding stable category are classified by cohomological support, and calculate the Balmer spectrum of the stable category of Z(rep(G)). We also construct a $π$-point style rank variety for the Drinfeld double, identify $π$-point support with cohomological support, and show that both support theories satisfy the tensor product property. Our results hold, more generally, for Drinfeld doubles of Frobenius kernels in any smooth algebraic group which admits a quasi-logarithm, such as a Borel subgroup in a split semisimple group in very good characteristic.
description: 44 pages
IsoScore: Measuring the Uniformity of Embedding Space Utilization
Creators: name: Rudman, William
name: Gillman, Nate
name: Rayne, Taylor
name: Eickhoff, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recent success of distributed word representations has led to an increased interest in analyzing the properties of their spatial distribution. Several studies have suggested that contextualized word embedding models do not isotropically project tokens into vector space. However, current methods designed to measure isotropy, such as average random cosine similarity and the partition score, have not been thoroughly analyzed and are not appropriate for measuring isotropy. We propose IsoScore: a novel tool that quantifies the degree to which a point cloud uniformly utilizes the ambient vector space. Using rigorously designed tests, we demonstrate that IsoScore is the only tool available in the literature that accurately measures how uniformly distributed variance is across dimensions in vector space. Additionally, we use IsoScore to challenge a number of recent conclusions in the NLP literature that have been derived using brittle metrics of isotropy. We caution future studies from using existing tools to measure isotropy in contextualized embedding space as resulting conclusions will be misleading or altogether inaccurate.
description: ACL 2022 camera ready version
Development of Idarubicin and Doxorubicin Solid Lipid Nanoparticles to Overcome Pgp-Mediated Multiple Drug Resistance in Leukemia
Creators: name: Ma, Ping
name: Swadley, Courtney L.
name: Mumper, Russell J.
name: Dong, Xiaowei
name: Ledebur, Harry C.
name: Leggas, Markos
name: Gupte, Anshul
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The objectives of these studies were to investigate and compare solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of two anthracyclines, idarubicin (IDA) and doxorubicin (DOX), against Pgp-mediated multiple drug resistance (MDR.) in-vitro and in-vivo using different human and murine cancer cell models. IDA and DOX SLNs were developed from warm microemulsion precursors comprising emulsifying wax as the oil phase, and polyoxyl 20-stearyl ether (Brij 78) and D-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (Vitamin E TPGS) as the surfactants. Anionic ion-pairing agents, sodium taurodeoxycholate (STDC) and sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS), were used to neutralize the charges of the cationic anthracyclines and enhance entrapment of the drugs in the SLN. The in-vitro cytotoxicity results showed that the IC50 value of DOX NPs was 9-fold lower than that of free DOX solution in resistant P388/ADR cell line. In contrast, free IDA had comparable IC50 values as IDA NPs in Pgp-overexpressing P388/ADR and HCT-15 cells. In the in-vivo P388/ADR leukemia mouse model, the median survival time of DOX NPs was significantly greater than that of free DOX, and controls. In contrast, free IDA was equally as effective as IDA NPs in P388 and Pgp-overexpressing HCT-15 mouse tumor models. The cell uptake of IDA formulated as free IDA and IDA NPs was comparable in Pgp-overexpressing cells. In conclusion, DOX NPs could overcome Pgp-mediated MDR both in-vitro in P388/ADR leukemia cells and in-vivo in the murine leukemia mouse model. The present study suggests that our SLNs may offer potential to deliver anticancer drugs for the treatment of Pgp-mediated MDR in leukemia; however, selection of target drug may be very important.
Spontaneous polarization in an interfacial growth model for actin filament networks with a rigorous mechano-chemical coupling
Creators: name: John, Karin
name: Caillerie, Denis
name: Misbah, Chaouqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many processes in eukaryotic cells, including cell motility, rely on the growth of branched actin networks from surfaces. Despite its central role the mechano-chemical coupling mechanisms which guide the growth process are poorly understood, and a general continuum description combining growth and mechanics is lacking. We develop a theory that bridges the gap between mesoscale and continuum limit and propose a general framework providing the evolution law of actin networks growing under stress. This formulation opens an area for the systematic study of actin dynamics in arbitrary geometries. Our framework predicts a morphological instability of actin growth on a rigid sphere, leading to a spontaneous polarization of the network with a mode selection corresponding to a comet, as reported experimentally. We show that the mechanics of the contact between the network and the surface plays a crucial role, in that it determines directly the existence of the instability. We extract scaling laws relating growth dynamics and network properties offering basic perspectives for new experiments on growing actin networks.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
FAIR Research Data Management: Basics for Chemists
Creators: name: Andres, Ann-Christin
name: Golub, Benjamin
name: Hausen, Daniela
name: Herres-Pawlis, Sonja
name: Jolliffe, John
name: Liermann, Johannes
name: Scherreiks, Pascal
name: Schröter, Annett
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: training
chemistry-specific
research data management

description: The two-day interactive workshop "FAIR Research Data Management: Basics for Chemists" was and is offered both as an online workshop and as an in_person workshop. In both formats, the present slides were used. The concept integrates theoretical content with practical hands-on activities and discussions to enable participants to get started with a building block of research data management. In the workshop, participants will learn about different tools to help them get started and also to progress. In addition to general content such as the DFG checklist, the building blocks of research data management will be taught in a chemistry-specific way. Participants will learn the basis for FDM with chemistry-specific content. This publication is a set of slides to be used for the workshop and a schedule for the workshop. This can help trainers to plan a workshop. Also included in the table are the learning objectives, which are broken down according to Bloom's taxonomy.
description: Funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) Project number. 441958208 Research program: national research data infrastructure (NFDI)
Constraint on the Gas-to-Dust Ratio in Massive Star-Forming Galaxies at z~1.4
Creators: name: Seko, Akifumi
name: Ohta, Kouji
name: Hatsukade, Bunyo
name: Yabe, Kiyoto
name: Takeuchi, Tomoe
name: Iono, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out 12CO(J=2-1) observations toward three star-forming galaxies on the main sequence at z~1.4 with the Nobeyama 45m radio telescope. These galaxies are detected with Spitzer/MIPS in 24 um, Herschel/SPIRE in 250 um and 350 um, and their gas metallicity, derived from optical emission line ratios based on near infrared spectroscopic observations, is close to the solar metallicity. Although weak signal-like features of CO were seen, we could not detect significant CO emission. The dust mass and the upper limits on the molecular gas mass are (3.4-6.7) x 10^{8} Msun and (9.7-14) x 10^{10} Msun, respectively. The upper limits on the gas-to-dust ratios at z~1.4 are 150-410 which are comparable to the gas-to-dust ratios in local galaxies with similar gas metallicity. A line stacking analysis enables us to detect a significant CO emission and to derive an average molecular gas mass of 1.3 x 10^{11} Msun and gas-to-dust ratio of 250. This gas-to-dust ratio is also near that in local galaxies with solar metallicity. These results suggest that the gas-to-dust ratio in star-forming galaxies with solar metallicity does not evolve significantly up to z~1.4. By comparing to a theoretical calculation, a rapid increase of the dust mass in an earlier epoch of galaxy evolution is suggested.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
Characterizing ultra-narrow momentum of atoms by standing-wave light-pulse sequences
Creators: name: Zhou, Shuyu
name: Chen, Chen
name: Jia, Xuemei
name: Wang, Ying
name: Wang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to characterize the ultra-narrow momentum distribution of atomic gases by employing a standing-wave light-pulse sequences beam-splitter. The mechanism of beam splitting is analyzed in detail, and the influence of a finite-width momentum distribution on the population of each diffraction order is given. The temperature of ultracold atomic gases can be calibrated by measuring the ratio of population in different diffraction orders after double standing-wave light-pulses. We obtain analytical expressions for two typical cases, and demonstrate phase space evolution in the whole process by using the Wigner function. This method is valid for both classical atomic gas and Bose-Einstein condensates, and it is suited for temperature measurement on the space ultra-cold atomic physics platform, in which the ultra-narrow momentum distribution of atomic gas is on the order of 100pK or even lower.
Mass distributions of dijet resonances from excited quarks at proton-proton colliders
Creators: name: Guler, Emine Gurpinar
name: Guler, Yalcin
name: Harris, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the expected experimental mass distributions of dijet resonances from excited quarks in proton-proton collisions at energies $\sqrt{s}=$ 13, 14, 27, 100, 300, and 500 TeV. We explore in detail the expected shapes at both the generator and experimental levels, and identify within the distributions the effects of the excited quark natural width, parton momentum distributions of the proton, radiation, and experimental resolution. We present both differential and cumulative probability distributions as a function of dijet mass, and the signal acceptance of a window in dijet mass centered on each resonance. We find that for a range of resonance masses, between 10\% and 50\% of $\sqrt{s}$, the dijet mass distributions and window acceptance are practically universal, approximately invariant under changes in resonance mass and $\sqrt{s}$. This work supports our Snowmass 2021 study on the sensitivity to dijet resonances at proton-proton colliders.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures, to be submitted to JHEP
Lund and Cambridge multiplicities for precision physics
Creators: name: Medves, Rok
name: Soto-Ontoso, Alba
name: Soyez, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the calculation of the average jet multiplicity in high-energy collisions. First, we introduce a new definition of (sub)jet multiplicity based on Lund declusterings obtained using the Cambridge jet algorithm. We develop a new systematic resummation approach. This allows us to compute both the Lund and the Cambridge average multiplicities to next-to-next-to-double (NNDL) logarithmic accuracy in electron-positron annihilation, an order higher in accuracy than previous works in the literature. We match our resummed calculation to the exact NLO ($\mathcal{O}(α_s^2)$) result, showing predictions for the Lund multiplicity at LEP energies with theoretical uncertainties up to $50\%$ smaller than the previous state-of-the-art. Adding hadronisation corrections obtained by Monte Carlo simulations, we also show a good agreement with existing Cambridge multiplicity data. Finally, to highlight the flexibility of our method, we extend the Lund multiplicity calculation to hadronic collisions where we reach next-to-double logarithmic accuracy for colour singlet production.
description: 64 pages, 11 figures, minor clarifications, version to appear in JHEP