cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Novel Mass Hierarchy and Discrete Excitation Spectra from Quantum-Fluctuating D-branes
Creators: name: Leontaris, G. K.
name: Mavromatos, N. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We elaborate further on a recently proposed scenario for generating a mass hierarchy through quantum fluctuations of a single D3 brane, which represents our world embedded in a bulk five-dimensional space time. In this scenario, the quantum fluctuations of the D3-brane world in the bulk direction, quantified to leading order via a `recoil' world-sheet logarithmic conformal field theory approach, result in the dynamical appearance of a supersymmetry breaking (obstruction) scale alpha. This may be naturally taken to be at the TeV range, in order to provide a solution to the conventional gauge-hierarchy problem. The bulk spatial direction is characterized by the dynamical appearance of an horizon located at +- 1/alpha, inside which the positive energy conditions for the existence of stable matter are satisfied. To ensure the correct value of the four-dimensional Planck mass, the bulk string scale M_s is naturally found to lie at an intermediate energy scale of 10^{14} GeV. As an exclusive feature of the D3-brane quantum fluctuations (`recoil') we find that, for any given M_5, there is a discrete mass spectrum for four-dimensional Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes of bulk graviton and/or scalar fields. KK modes with masses 0 <= m < sqrt{2}alpha << M_s are found to have wavefunctions peaked, and hence localized, on the D3 brane at z=0.
description: 21 pages latex, three eps figures incorporated
Intensity Distribution of Modes in Surface Corrugated Waveguides
Creators: name: Garcia-Martin, A.
name: Torres, J. A.
name: Saenz, J. J.
name: Nieto-Vesperinas, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact calculations of transmission and reflection coefficients in surface randomly corrugated optical waveguides are presented. As the length of the corrugated part of the waveguide increases, there is a strong preference to forward coupling through the lowest mode. An oscillating behavior of the enhanced backscattering as a function of the wavelength is predicted. Although the transport is strongly non isotropic, the analysis of the probability distributions of the transmitted waves confirms in this configuration distributions predicted by Random Matrix Theory for volume disorder.
Search for QPOs in Perseus with Fermi LAT
Creators: name: Nemmen, Rodrigo
name: de Menezes, Raniere
name: Paschalidis, Vasileios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the analysis of the gamma-ray variability of NGC 1275--the radio galaxy at the center of the Perseus cluster. NGC 1275 has been observed continuously with the Fermi Large Area Telescope over the last nine years. We applied different time-domain analysis methods including Fourier, wavelets and Bayesian methods, in order to search for quasi-periodic oscillations in the gamma-ray emission. We found no evidence for periodicities of astrophysical origin.
description: Proceedings of IAU Symposium 342: Perseus in Sicily--from black hole to cluster outskirts. 5 pages, 3 figures
Scaling properties in off equilibrium dynamical processes
Creators: name: Coniglio, A.
name: Nicodemi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, we analyze the consequences of scaling hypotheses on dynamic functions, as two times correlations $C(t,t')$. We show, under general conditions, that $C(t,t')$ must obey the following scaling behavior $C(t,t') = ϕ_1(t)^{f(β)}{\cal{S}}(β)$, where the scaling variable is $β=β(ϕ_1(t')/ϕ_1(t))$ and $ϕ_1(t')$, $ϕ_1(t)$ two undetermined functions. The presence of a non constant exponent $f(β)$ signals the appearance of multiscaling properties in the dynamics.
description: 6 pages, no figures
Approximation of Feynman path integrals with non-smooth potentials
Creators: name: Nicola, Fabio
name: Trapasso, S. Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Q30, 81S30, 35S30, 42B20

description: We study the convergence in $L^2$ of the time slicing approximation of Feynman path integrals under low regularity assumptions on the potential. Inspired by the custom in Physics and Chemistry, the approximate propagators considered here arise from a series expansion of the action. The results are ultimately based on function spaces, tools and strategies which are typical of Harmonic and Time-frequency analysis.
description: 18 pages
Near-Infrared Photometric Variability of Stars Toward the Orion A Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Carpenter, John M.
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
name: Skrutskie, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of J, H, and K time series photometry obtained with the southern 2MASS telescope over a 0.84 x 6 deg^2 region centered near the Orion Nebula Cluster. These data are used to establish the near-infrared variability properties of pre-main-sequence stars in Orion on time scales of 1-36 days, 2 months, and 2 years. A total of 1235 variable stars are identified, ~93% of which are associated with the Orion A molecular cloud. The variable stars exhibit a diversity of photometric behavior with time, including cyclic fluctuations, aperiodic day-to-day fluctuations, eclipses, slow drifts in brightness over one month, colorless variability, stars that become redder as they fade, and stars that become bluer as they fade. We examine rotational modulation of cool and hot star spots, variable obscuration from an inner circumstellar disk, and changes in the mass accretion rate and other properties in a circumstellar disk as possible origins of the variability. Cool spots can explain the variability characteristics in 56-77% of the stars, while the properties of the photometric fluctuations are more consistent with hot spots or extinction changes in at least 23% of the stars, and with variations in the disk mass accretion rate or inner disk radius in 1% of our sample. However, differences between the details of the observations and the details of variability predicted these models suggest either that another variability mechanism not considered here may be operative, or that the observed variability represents the net results of several of these phenomena. Analysis of the star count data indicates that the ONC is part of a larger area of enhanced stellar surface density which extends over a 0.4 x 2.4 deg^2 (3.4 x 20 pc^2) region containing 2700 stars brighter than K=14. (abridged version)
description: 75 pages with 27 figures; to appear in AJ; see also http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~jmc/variables/orion
Meron Pseudospin Solutions in Quantum Hall Systems
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sankalpa
name: Rajaraman, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we report calculations of some pseudospin textures for bilayer quantum hall systems with filling factor $ ν=1$. The textures we study are isolated single meron solutions. Meron solutions have already been studied at great length by others by minimising the microscopic Hamiltonian between microscopic trial wavefunctions. Our approach is somewhat different. We calculate them by numerically solving the nonlinear integro -differential equations arising from extremisation of the effective action for pseudospin textures. Our results can be viewed as augmenting earlier results and providing a basis for comparison.Our differential equation approach also allows us to dilineate the impact of different physical effects like the pseudospin stiffness and the capacitance energy on the meron solution.
description: 17 pages Revtex+ 4 Postscript figures; To appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys.B
Energy flows in vibrated granular media
Creators: name: McNamara, S.
name: Luding, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study vibrated granular media, investigating each of the three components of the energy flow: particle-particle dissipation, energy input at the vibrating wall, and particle-wall dissipation. Energy dissipated by interparticle collisions is well estimated by existing theories when the granular material is dilute, and these theories are extended to include rotational kinetic energy. When the granular material is dense, the observed particle-particle dissipation rate decreases to as little as 2/5 of the theoretical prediction. We observe that the rate of energy input is the weight of the granular material times an average vibration velocity times a function of the ratio of particle to vibration velocity. `Particle-wall' dissipation has been neglected in all theories up to now, but can play an important role when the granular material is dilute. The ratio between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy can vary by as much as a factor of 3. Previous simulations and experiments have shown that E ~ V^delta, with delta=2 for dilute granular material, and delta ~ 1.5 for dense granular material. We relate this change in exponent to the departure of particle-particle dissipation from its theoretical value.
description: 19 pages revtex, 10 embedded eps figures, accepted by PRE
Quantum transport: The link between standard approaches in superlattices
Creators: name: Wacker, Andreas
name: Jauho, Antti-Pekka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theories describing electrical transport in semiconductor superlattices can essentially be divided in three disjoint categories: i) transport in a miniband; ii) hopping between Wannier-Stark ladders; and iii) sequential tunneling. We present a quantum transport model, based on nonequilibrium Green functions, which, in the appropriate limits, reproduces the three conventional theories, and describes the transport in the previously unaccessible region of the parameter space.
description: 4 Pages
Diffusion of particles moving with constant speed
Creators: name: Ramakrishna, S. Anantha
name: Kumar, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of light in a scattering medium is described as the motion of a special kind of a Brownian particle on which the fluctuating forces act only perpendicular to its velocity. This enforces strictly and dynamically the constraint of constant speed of the photon in the medium. A Fokker-Planck equation is derived for the probability distribution in the phase space assuming the transverse fluctuating force to be a white noise. Analytic expressions for the moments of the displacement $$ along with an approximate expression for the marginal probability distribution function $P(x,t)$ are obtained. Exact numerical solutions for the phase space probability distribution for various geometries are presented. The results show that the velocity distribution randomizes in a time of about eight times the mean free time ($8t^*$) only after which the diffusion approximation becomes valid. This factor of eight is a well known experimental fact. A persistence exponent of $0.435 \pm 0.005$ is calculated for this process in two dimensions by studying the survival probability of the particle in a semi-infinite medium. The case of a stochastic amplifying medium is also discussed.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures(Submitted to Phys. Rev. E)
Solitonic Brane World with Completely Localized (Super)Gravity
Creators: name: Iglesias, Alberto
name: Kakushadze, Zurab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a solitonic 3-brane solution in the 5-dimensional Einstein-Hilbert-Gauss-Bonnet theory. This solitonic brane is delta-function like, and has the property that gravity is completely localized on the brane. That is, there are no propagating degrees of freedom in the bulk, while on the brane we have purely 4-dimensional Einstein gravity. Thus, albeit the classical background is 5-dimensional, the quantum theory (perturbatively) is 4-dimensional. Our solution can be embedded in the supergravity context, where we have completely localized supergravity on the corresponding solitonic brane, which is a BPS object preserving 1/2 of the original supersymmetries. By including a scalar field, we also construct a smooth domain wall solution, which in a certain limit reduces to the delta-function-like solitonic brane solution (this is possible for the latter breaks diffeomorphisms only spontaneously). We then show that in the smooth domain wall background the only normalizable mode is the 4-dimensional graviton zero mode, while all the other (including massive Kaluza-Klein) modes are not even plane-wave normalizable. Finally, we observe that in compactifications of Type IIB on 5-dimensional Einstein manifolds other than a 5-sphere the corresponding dual gauge theories on D3-branes are not conformal in the ultra-violet, and at the quantum level we expect the Einstein-Hilbert term to be generated in their world-volumes. We conjecture that in full string theory on Type IIB side this is due to higher curvature terms, which cannot be ignored in such backgrounds. A stronger version of this conjecture also states that (at least in some cases) in such backgrounds D3-branes are solitonic objects with completely localized (super)gravity in their world-volumes.
description: 28 pages, revtex; a reference and clarifying remarks added
Raman Scattering in the Inorganic Spin-Peierls System alpha'-Na_{1-delta}V_2O_5
Creators: name: Kuroe, H.
name: Seto, H.
name: Sasaki, J.
name: Sekine, T.
name: Isobe, M.
name: Ueda, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the spin-Peierls (SP) transition in alpha'-Na_{1-delta}V_2O_5 (delta = 0, 0.01 and 0.1) by means of Raman scattering. At room temperature, we observe six A_1 and three A_2 phonon modes and a broad Raman band. Below T_{SP}several new peaks and a new broad band appear. The new peak at 62 cm^{-1} originates from the SP-gap excitation. The new peak at 128 cm^{-1} and the new broad band between 130 and 400 cm^{-1} come from two magnetic excitations. The new peaks at 102, 646 and 944 cm^{-1} are assigned to the folded phonon modes and their Na^+-ion deficiency dependence shows that the defect of Na^+ ion suppresses the SPtransition. The polarized Raman spectra below T_{SP} suggest that the possible crystal symmetry is C_s^2(Pn) or C_1^1(P1). The asymmetric lineshape of the 531-cm^{-1} peak superimposed on the electronic Raman band from the d-d transition around 600 cm^{-1} is interpreted in terms of the Fano resonance between the electronic continuous band and the phonon with a finite lifetime. The defects of the Na^+ ions reduce the Fano effect because the life time of the phonon and the phonon-continuum interaction are decreased.
description: 24 pages, 10 Postscript figures,uses jpsj.sty and epsf.sty. in press in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Floppy Membranes
Creators: name: Diamantini, M. C.
name: Kleinert, H.
name: Trugenberger, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Floppy membranes are tensionless surfaces without extrinsic stiffness, whose fluctuations are governed by fourth-order bending elasticity. This suppresses spiky superstructures and ensures that floppy membranes remain smooth over any distance, with Hausdorff dimension D=2, in contrast to surfaces with stiffness, which are rough on the scale of some finite persistence length.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, Latex
Charge and Spin Dynamics of an Ordered Stripe Phase in La_(1 2/3)Sr_(1/3)NiO_4 by Raman Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Blumberg, G.
name: Klein, M. V.
name: Cheong, S-W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For La_(1 2/3)Sr_(1/3)NiO_4 -- a commensurately doped Mott-Hubbard system -- charge- and spin-ordering in a stripe phase has been investigated by phononic and magnetic Raman scattering. Formation of a superlattice and an opening of a pseudo-gap in the electron-hole excitation spectra as well as two types of double-spin excitations -- within the antiferromagnetic domain and across the domain wall -- are observed below the charge-ordering transition. The temperature dependence suggests that the spin ordering is driven by charge ordering and that fluctuating stripes persist above the ordering transition.
description: 5 pages, 4 EPS figures; to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Detection of C$_{3}$ in Diffuse Interstellar Clouds
Creators: name: Maier, J. P.
name: Lakin, N. M.
name: Walker, G. A. H.
name: Bohlender, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The smallest polyatomic carbon chain, C$_{3}$, has been identified in interstellar clouds (A$_{v}\sim$1 mag) towards $ζ$ Ophiuchi, 20 Aquilae, and $ζ$ Persei by detection of the origin band in its $A^{1}Π_{u}-X^{1}Σ^{+}_{g}$ electronic transition, near 4052Å. Individual rotational lines were resolved up to $J$=30 enabling the rotational level column densities and temperature distributions to be determined. The inferred limits for the total column densities ($\sim$1 to 2$\times10^{12}$ cm$^{-2}$) offer a strong incentive to laboratory and astrophysical searches for the longer carbon chains. Concurrent searches for C$_2^{+}$, C$_2^{-}$ and C$_3^{-}$ were negative but provide sensitive estimates for their maximum column densities.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables. To appear in the Astrophysical Journal
Deliverable 2.2 Annual progress reviews and recommendations on the 8 R&I activities
Creators: name: ETIP ZEP
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The CCUS SET Plan Implementation Plan Working Group (CCUS Set-Plan/IWG9) has previously delivered a set of recommendations on CCUS R&I activities. This report will in six instalments until 2025 follow up and update the eight R&I activities reports prepared by the IWG9.
The m->0 limit for massive graviton in dS_4 and AdS_4. How to circumvent the van Dam-Veltman-Zakharov discontinuity
Creators: name: Kogan, Ian I.
name: Mouslopoulos, Stavros
name: Papazoglou, Antonios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, by considering physics in dS_4 or AdS_4 spacetime, one can circumvent the van Dam - Veltman - Zakharov theorem which requires that the extra polarization states of a massive graviton do not decouple in the massless limit. It is shown that the smoothness of the m->0 limit is ensured if the H (``Hubble'') parameter, associated with the horizon of the dS_4 or AdS_4 space, tends to zero slower than the mass of the graviton m.
description: 11 pages, references added, minor typos corrected
Topological effects in ring polymers: A computer simulation study
Creators: name: Mueller, M.
name: Wittmer, J. P.
name: Cates, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unconcatenated, unknotted polymer rings in the melt are subject to strong interactions with neighboring chains due to the presence of topological constraints. We study this by computer simulation using the bond-fluctuation algorithm for chains with up to N=512 statistical segments at a volume fraction Φ=0.5 and show that rings in the melt are more compact than gaussian chains. A careful finite size analysis of the average ring size R \propto N^ν yields an exponent ν\approx 0.39 \pm 0.03 in agreement with a Flory-like argument for the topologica interactions. We show (using the same algorithm) that the dynamics of molten rings is similar to that of linear chains of the same mass, confirming recent experimental findings. The diffusion constant varies effectively as D_{N} \propto N^{-1.22(3) and is slightly higher than that of corresponding linear chains. For the ring sizes considered (up to 256 statistical segments) we find only one characteristic time scale τ_{ee} \propto N^{2.0(2); this is shown by the collapse of several mean-square displacements and correlation functions onto corresponding master curves. Because of the shrunken state of the chain, this scaling is not compatible with simple Rouse motion. It applies for all sizes of ring studied and no sign of a crossover to any entangled regime is found.
description: 20 Pages,11 eps figures, Latex
Quasi-particle excitations and dynamical structure function of trapped Bose-condensates in the WKB approximation
Creators: name: Csordás, András
name: Graham, Robert
name: Szépfalusy, Péter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bogoliubov equations of the quasi-particle excitations in a weakly interacting trapped Bose-condensate are solved in the WKB approximation in an isotropic harmonic trap, determining the discrete quasi-particle energies and wave functions by torus (Bohr-Sommerfeld) quantization of the integrable classical quasi-particle dynamics. The results are used to calculate the position and strengths of the peaks in the dynamic structure function which can be observed by off-resonance inelastic light-scattering.
description: 23 pages, Latex, 6 figures
On the Coulomb interaction in chiral-invariant one-dimensional electron systems
Creators: name: Bellucci, S.
name: Gonzalez, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a one-dimensional electron system, suitable for the description of the electronic correlations in a metallic carbon nanotube. Renormalization group methods are used to study the low-energy behavior of the unscreened Coulomb interaction between currents of well-defined chirality. In the limit of a very large number n of subbands we find a strong renormalization of the Fermi velocity, reminiscent of a similar phenomenon in the graphite sheet. For small n or sufficiently low energy, the Luttinger liquid behavior takes over, with a strong wavefunction renormalization leading to a vanishing quasiparticle weight. Our approach is appropriate to study the crossover from two-dimensional to one-dimensional behavior in carbon nanotubes of large radius.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX, PACS: 71.27.+a, 73.20.D, 05.30.Fk
A new bigravity model with exclusively positive branes
Creators: name: Kogan, Ian I.
name: Mouslopoulos, Stavros
name: Papazoglou, Antonios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new ``bigravity'' model with two positive tension AdS_4 branes in AdS_5 bulk and no negative tension branes. The bounce of the ``warp'' factor mimics the effect of a negative brane and thus gives rise to an anomalously light graviton KK mode. This configuration satisfies the weak energy condition and has no ghost state. In addition, the extra polarization states of the massive graviton practically decouple and thus it does not contradict to Einsteinian gravity. However, the model has certain phenomenological difficulties associated with the presence of a negative cosmological constant on the branes.
description: 17 pages, 1 axodraw figure, comments added in the introduction, references added, minor typos corrected
Roselle attenuates cardiac hypertrophy after myocardial infarction in vivo and in vitro
Creators: name: Si, Lislivia-Yiang-Nee
name: Ramalingam, Anand
name: Ali, Shafreena Shaukat
name: Aminuddin, Amnani
name: Ng, Pei-Yuen
name: Latip, Jalifah
name: Kamisah, Yusof
name: Budin, Siti Balkis
name: Zainalabidin, Satirah
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: cardiac dysfunction
cardiomyocyte hypertrophy
fibrosis
myocardial infarction
oxidative stress
roselle

description: Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn) has been traditionally used as folk medicine for hypertension and maintaining cardiovascular health, with therapeutic potential in protecting against numerous cardiovascular diseases. However, it remains unclear whether roselle can be used for management of cardiac hypertrophy seen after myocardial infarction (MI). This study therefore investigated the effects of aqueous roselle extract on cardiac hypertrophy arising from myocardial infarction both in vivo and in vitro. For in vivo study, male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control or MI groups (receiving 85 mg/kg isoproterenol s.c. for 2 days) and were given roselle extract (100 mg/kg, p.o daily) for 28 days. Cardiac structure and functional changes were evaluated at study end-point using histology, Langendorff analysis and gene expression analysis. In vitro effects of roselle were also assessed on ANG II-induced cardiomyocytes hypertrophy using H9c2 cells, simulating cardiac hypertrophy evident after MI. Roselle significantly ameliorated MI-induced cardiac systolic and diastolic dysfunction, as seen across improvement in left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and its derivative (LVdP/dtmax) and isovolumic relaxation (Tau). Oxidative stress evident across elevated pro-oxidant markers (NOX2 subunit of NADPH oxidase and 8-isoprostane) as well as reduced antioxidant markers (superoxide dismutase and glutathione) were also significantly attenuated by roselle. Furthermore, roselle treatment markedly reduced markers of cardiac remodeling (cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis) compared to the untreated MI rats. On in vitro analysis, roselle significantly attenuated ANG II-induced cardiomyoycte hypertrophy in dose-dependent manner. This study demonstrated that roselle attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction seen after MI both in vivo and in vitro, and these effects are likely mediated by phenolic compounds found in roselle extract.
description: EXCLI Journal; 18:Doc876; ISSN 1611-2156
Low-defectiveness exfoliation of MoS2 nanoparticles and their embedment in hybrid light-emitting polymer nanofibers
Creators: name: Portone, Alberto
name: Romano, Luigi
name: Fasano, Vito
name: Di Corato, Riccardo
name: Camposeo, Andrea
name: Fabbri, Filippo
name: Cardarelli, Francesco
name: Pisignano, Dario
name: Persano, Luana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been attracting extraordinary attention for its intriguing optical, electronic and mechanical properties. Here we demonstrate hybrid, organic-inorganic light-emitting nanofibers based on MoS2 nanoparticle dopants obtained through a simple and inexpensive sonication process in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and successfully encapsulated in polymer filaments. Defectiveness is found to be kept low, and stoichiometry preserved, by the implemented, gentle exfoliation method that allows the MoS2 nanoparticles to be produced. So-achieved hybrid fibers are smooth, uniform, flawless, and exhibit bright and continuous light emission. Moreover, they show significant capability of waveguiding self-emitted light along their longitudinal axis. These findings suggest the use of emissive MoS2 fibers enabled by gentle exfoliation methods as novel and highly promising optical material for building sensing surfaces and as components of photonic circuits.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures, Nanoscale, 2018
Additional file 4 of Circ-GALNT16 restrains colorectal cancer progression by enhancing the SUMOylation of hnRNPK
Creators: name: Peng, Chaofan
name: Tan, Yuqian
name: Yang, Peng
name: Jin, Kangpeng
name: Zhang, Chuan
name: Peng, Wen
name: Wang, Lu
name: Zhou, Jiahui
name: Chen, Ranran
name: Wang, Tuo
name: Jin, Chi
name: Ji, Jiangzhou
name: Feng, Yifei
name: Tang, Junwei
name: Sun, Yueming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Circ-GALNT16 could specifically interact with hnRNPK in the nucleus and suppress the proliferation and metastasis through binding to hnRNPK. a. MS analysis results of hnRNPK. b. The knockdown efficiency of hnRNPK. c. Pulldown and silver staining performed in nucleoprotein of DLD-1 cells. d, e. CCK8 and transwell showed that circ-GALNT16 suppressed the proliferation and metastasis of CRC by interacting with hnRNPK. f. The mRNA expression level of hnRNPK in circ-GALNT16 knockdown and overexpression cells. All data are presented as the means ± SD of three independent experiments. nsp >0.05, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.
Exact solution of the open Heisenberg chain with two impurities
Creators: name: Wang, Yupeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an integrable model of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain coupled to two impurity moments. With the open boundary conditions at the impurity sites, the model can be exactly solved for arbitrary impurity spin and arbitrary exchange constants between the bulk and the impurities. The absence of redundant terms in the hamiltonian makes the model very reasonable. The hamiltonian is diagonalized via algebraic Bethe ansatz. It is found that the impurity spins can only be screened (partially for $S>1/2$) for antiferromagnetic coupling between the impurity and the bulk. Otherwise the impurity spins can not be screened. The residual entropy of the ground state and the Kondo temperature are also derived explicitly based on the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz and the local Fermi liquid theory.
description: 7 pages, revtex, no figures
Decays of the f0(1370) scalar glueball candidate in pp Central Exclusive Production (CEP) and in antiproton annihilations at rest
Creators: name: Gastaldi, Ugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decays into two charged pions of the f0(1370) are the main source of an isolated structure localized between 1.2 and 1.5 GeV in the two charged pions mass spectrum measured in pp Central Exclusive Production (CEP) at 200 GeV at very low four momentum transfer ltl by the STAR experiment. These data confirm in the two charged pions decay channel the existence of the f0(1370) as an isolated well identified structure previously observed in K+K-, KsKs, 4 charged pions, two charged and two neutral pions and 4 neutral pions decays measured in antiproton annihilations at rest. The ensemble of these data point at a high gluon content of the f0(1370). CEP interactions at higher energies favour production of 0++ and 2++ mesons. Selection of events with lower ltl at both proton vertices suppresses 2++ structures. LHC runs dedicated to pp CEP measurements at low ltl could then provide a unique source of all the low energy scalars. This would make it clear if and where scalar gluonium is resident and the nature (composition in terms of quarks, antiquarks and gluons) of f0(500), f0(980), f0(1370), f0(1500) and f0(1710).
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, presented at QCD@Work-International Workshop on QCD Theory and Experiment, 25-28 June 2018, Matera, Italy (to be published in Proceedings). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1809.04496
The spread of a financial virus through Europe and beyond
Creators: name: Kostylenko, Olena
name: Rodrigues, Helena Sofia
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91G40, 92D30

description: We analyse the importance of international relations between countries on the financial stability. The contagion effect in the network is tested by implementing an epidemiological model, comprising a number of European countries and using bilateral data on foreign claims between them. Banking statistics of consolidated foreign claims on ultimate risk bases, obtained from the Banks of International Settlements, allow us to measure the exposure of contagion spreading from a particular country to the other national banking systems. We show that the financial system of some countries, experiencing the debt crisis, is a source of global systemic risk because they threaten the stability of a larger system, being a global threat to the intoxication of the world economy and resulting in what we call a `financial virus'. Illustrative simulations were done in the NetLogo multi-agent programmable modelling environment and in MATLAB.
description: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form is with 'AIMS Mathematics 4 (2019), no. 1, 86--98', available in open access from [http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/Math.2019.1.86]. Submitted 01-Nov-2018; Revised 14-Jan-2019; Accepted 21-Jan-2019
Chip-based frequency combs sources for optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Ji, Xingchen
name: Klenner, Alexander
name: Yao, Xinwen
name: Gan, Yu
name: Gaeta, Alexander L.
name: Hendon, Christine P.
name: Lipson, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a powerful interferometric imaging technique widely used in medical fields such as ophthalmology, cardiology and dermatology, for which footprint and cost are becoming increasingly important. Here we present a platform for miniaturized sources for OCT based on chip-scale lithographically-defined microresonators. We show that the proposed platform is compatible with standard commercial spectral domain (SD) OCT systems and enable imaging of human tissue with an image quality comparable to the one achieved with tabletop commercial sources. This platform provides a path towards fully integrated OCT systems.
400%/W second harmonic conversion efficiency in $\mathrm{14 μm}$-diameter gallium phosphide-on-oxide resonators
Creators: name: Logan, Alan D.
name: Gould, Michael
name: Schmidgall, Emma R.
name: Hestroffer, Karine
name: Lin, Zin
name: Jin, Weiliang
name: Majumdar, Arka
name: Hatami, Fariba
name: Rodriguez, Alejandro W.
name: Fu, Kai-Mei C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Second harmonic conversion from 1550~nm to 775~nm with an efficiency of 400% W$^{-1}$ is demonstrated in a gallium phosphide (GaP) on oxide integrated photonic platform. The platform consists of doubly-resonant, phase-matched ring resonators with quality factors $Q \sim 10^4$, low mode volumes $V \sim 30 (λ/n)^3$, and high nonlinear mode overlaps. Measurements and simulations indicate that conversion efficiencies can be increased by a factor of 20 by improving the waveguide-cavity coupling to achieve critical coupling in current devices.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Anisotropic resistivity of the antiferromagnetic insulator Bi_2Sr_2ErCu_2O_8
Creators: name: Kitajima, T.
name: Takayanagi, T.
name: Takemura, T.
name: Terasaki, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anisotropic resistivities of Bi_2Sr_2Ca_{1-x}Er_xCu_2O_8 single crystals were measured and analyzed from 4.2 to 500 K with special interest in the parent antiferromagnetic insulator of x=1.0. Although the resistivity is semiconducting along both the in- and out-of-plane directions, the temperature dependence is found to be significantly different. As a result, the resistivity ratio for x=1.0 takes a broad maximum near room temperature. The electric conduction in parent antiferromagnetic insulators is different from other semiconductors, and is as unconventional as that in high-temperature superconductors.
description: 7 Pages, 3 EPS figures
Observability-aware Self-Calibration of Visual and Inertial Sensors for Ego-Motion Estimation
Creators: name: Schneider, Thomas
name: Li, Mingyang
name: Cadena, Cesar
name: Nieto, Juan
name: Siegwart, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: External effects such as shocks and temperature variations affect the calibration of visual-inertial sensor systems and thus they cannot fully rely on factory calibrations. Re-calibrations performed on short user-collected datasets might yield poor performance since the observability of certain parameters is highly dependent on the motion. Additionally, on resource-constrained systems (e.g mobile phones), full-batch approaches over longer sessions quickly become prohibitively expensive. In this paper, we approach the self-calibration problem by introducing information theoretic metrics to assess the information content of trajectory segments, thus allowing to select the most informative parts from a dataset for calibration purposes. With this approach, we are able to build compact calibration datasets either: (a) by selecting segments from a long session with limited exciting motion or (b) from multiple short sessions where a single sessions does not necessarily excite all modes sufficiently. Real-world experiments in four different environments show that the proposed method achieves comparable performance to a batch calibration approach, yet, at a constant computational complexity which is independent of the duration of the session.
Studies of multiple stellar systems - IV. The triple-lined spectroscopic system Gliese 644
Creators: name: Mazeh, Tsevi
name: Latham, David W.
name: Goldberg, Elad
name: Torres, Guillermo
name: Stefanik, Robert P.
name: Henry, Todd J.
name: Zucker, Shay
name: Gnat, Orly
name: Ofek, Eran O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a radial-velocity study of the triple-lined system Gliese 644 and derive spectroscopic elements for the inner and outer orbits with periods of 2.9655 and 627 days. We also utilize old visual data, as well as modern speckle and adaptive optics observations, to derive a new astrometric solution for the outer orbit. These two orbits together allow us to derive masses for each of the three components in the system: M_A = 0.410 +/- 0.028 (6.9%), M_Ba = 0.336 +/- 0.016 (4.7%), and $M_Bb = 0.304 +/- 0.014 (4.7%) M_solar. We suggest that the relative inclination of the two orbits is very small. Our individual masses and spectroscopic light ratios for the three M stars in the Gliese 644 system provide three points for the mass-luminosity relation near the bottom of the Main Sequence, where the relation is poorly determined. These three points agree well with theoretical models for solar metallicity and an age of 5 Gyr. Our radial velocities for Gliese 643 and vB 8, two common-proper-motion companions of Gliese 644, support the interpretation that all five M stars are moving together in a physically bound group. We discuss possible scenarios for the formation and evolution of this configuration, such as the formation of all five stars in a sequence of fragmentation events leading directly to the hierarchical configuration now observed, versus formation in a small N cluster with subsequent dynamical evolution into the present hierarchical configuration.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Matrix valued Hermite polynomials, Burchnall formulas and non-abelian Toda lattice
Creators: name: Ismail, Mourad E. H.
name: Koelink, Erik
name: Román, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general family of matrix valued Hermite type orthogonal polynomials is introduced and studied in detail by deriving Pearson equations for the weight and matrix valued differential equations for these matrix polynomials. This is used to derive Rodrigues formulas, explicit formulas for the squared norm and to give an explicit expression of the matrix entries as well to derive a connection formula for the matrix polynomials of Hermite type. We derive matrix valued analogues of Burchnall formulas in operational form as well explicit expansions for the matrix valued Hermite type orthogonal polynomials as well as for previously introduced matrix valued Gegenbauer type orthogonal polynomials. The Burchnall approach gives two descriptions of the matrix valued orthogonal polynomials for the Toda modification of the matrix weight for the Hermite setting. In particular, we obtain a non-trivial solution to the non-abelian Toda lattice equations.
description: 28 pages
Photon side-bands in mesoscopics
Creators: name: Jauho, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reviews several applications of photonic side-bands, used by Buttiker and Landauer in their theory of traversal time in tunneling [Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 1739 (1982)], in transport and optics of mesoscopic systems. Topics include generalizations of the transmission theory of transport to time-dependent situations, optics and transport of mesoscopic systems in THz electromagnetic fields, and phase-measurements of photon-assisted tunneling through a quantum dot.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Superlattices and Microscructures, special issue to commemorate Rolf Landauer's 70th birthday
Supplementary Material from Cryptic habitat use of white sharks in kelp forest revealed by animal-borne video
Creators: name: Jewell, Oliver J. D.
name: Gleiss, Adrian C.
name: Jorgensen, Salvador J.
name: Andrzejaczek, Samantha
name: Moxley, Jerry H.
name: Beatty, Stephen J.
name: Wikelski, Martin
name: Block, Barbara A.
name: Chapple, Taylor K.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary Material: Further details of the methods and results used in this manuscript.
Static dilaton solutions and singularities in six dimensional warped compactification with higher derivatives
Creators: name: Giovannini, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Static solutions with a bulk dilaton are derived in the context of six dimensional warped compactification. In the string frame, exponentially decreasing warp factors are identified with critical points of the low energy $β$-functions truncated at a given order in the string tension corrections. The stability of the critical points is discussed in the case of the first string tension correction. The singularity properties of the obtained solutions are analyzed and illustrative numerical examples are provided.
description: 35 pages. Revised version. Accepted in Phys. Rev. D
title: 4-π Photocyclisation
title: a new route to functionalised four-membered rings
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Britten, Tom
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2019

description: The work disclosed within this thesis describes the use of photochemistry to develop efficient and scalable methodology to access functionalised four-membered rings. Chapter 2 examines the synthesis and synthetic potential of 1,2-ihydropyridazines. The feasibility of the current literature syntheses of 1,2-dihydropyrdazines on multigram scales has been investigated, which has resulted in the development of a novel, scalable route to unsubstituted 1,2-dihydropyridazines. Currently, the synthesis is not amenable to the synthesis of substituted 1,2-dihydropyridazines. 1,2-Dihydropyridazines are precursors to interesting molecular scaffolds through double bond transformations, however in some cases the isolated product was not the expected product. Chapter 3 investigates the optimisation and scale up of the 4-π photocyclisation of 1,2-dihydropyridazines using commercially available batch and flow photoreactors. The use of a batch photoreactor gave better yields, purity and productivity for the synthesis of bicyclic 1,2-diazetidines compared to the flow photoreactor. The photophysical properties of 1,2-dihydropyridazines have been studied and the data has provided guidance for optimisation and rationale for the observed results. Chapter 4 explores the stability and synthetic potential of bicyclic 1,2-diazetidines to access functionalised 1,2-diazetidines, cyclobutenes and other products that were not expected at the outset of the project. Attempts to access cyclobutenes (through N-N cleavage) were unsuccessful due to a facile 4-π electrocyclic ring opening, whereas it was possible to synthesis a range of novel monocyclic functionalised 1,2-diazetidines. Chapter 5 provides overall conclusions, as well as a comparison of the synthesised compounds to Lipinski’s “rule of five” and lead-like space using open access software and ideas for future work. Chapters 6 and 7 will provide the experimental details and characterisation of novel compounds that have been reported in this thesis. The appendix gives details on the X-ray crystal structures and differential scanning calorimetry traces for a select few examples.