cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An integrated multi-level methodology to mitigate short and long term effects of incidents
Creators: name: Demiroluk, Sami
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: Incidents are random, yet disruptive events that occur frequently on our roadways. Incidents also have a major impact on the other motorists, the environment and the economy. For example, as a result of incidents, the motorist can experience delays and delays may cause higher emission rates. Hence, without proper incident management strategies lives can be at risk and the motorist might experience long delays. Therefore, there is a need for better incident management strategies for improving the safety of the motorists, reduce congestion thus improving the productivity of our economy.   In this thesis an integrated approach was used to mitigate the effects of incidents. The proposed had two components:  (i) a real-time incident duration model designed to improve decision making during incident management operations, (ii) a novel statistical model for mapping incidents and their severity in space to detect the segments with higher accident risk with the goal of better planning for and responding to future incidents. The novelty of this approach is that it offers solutions for mitigating both short term and long term effects of incidents using a Bayesian framework. This probabilistic approach enables the representation of the probabilistic range of results rather than point estimates.    Bayesian networks are used for predicting incident duration. The performance of the model was subsequently improved by introducing adaptive learning techniques to the model.    A set of spatial models was estimated and risk maps were developed to investigate the locations with higher crash risk in order to facilitate incident management planning. For purposes of estimating the predictive power of the models, spatial data with different resolutions were used.   The overall findings of this dissertation indicate that the integrated approach can be used for estimating incident duration in the long run as it adapts itself to minor and major changes to the system. It can also be used for effectively pinpointing the locations with higher crash risk since, unlike existing models, the model do not ignore the continuous nature of roadways.
A tale of two norms
Creators: name: DeWitt, Jeffrey Ronald
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: Recent work has demonstrated that social preferences (choice functions that include the impact on others in the calculation) may be different for monetary vs. nonmonetary decisions.  The current work utilized the Dictator Game (and Trust Game, Study 2) to provide a test of this notion and examine whether it is driven by social norms.  Study 1 found support for the idea that individuals may be more generous for food compared with money, but Study 2 and Study 3 failed to replicate this effect.  Study 2 and Study 3 also added a condition where the food was monetized (i.e., described as having a specific monetary value), but behavior in this condition was not significantly different from situations in which the food was not monetized.  The impact of social norms was measured in Study 2 and Study 3, but the results were inconclusive due to the lack of behavioral differences across conditions.
Real-Time 3D Ultrasound Image-Guidance for Breast Surgery
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: During breast cancer surgery the primary goal of the surgeon is to remove the entire cancerous tumor as well as a small margin of surrounding healthy tissue to ensure that no cancerous cells are left behind. If a sufficient margin is not removed during the initial surgery, there is a substantially increased chance of recurrence, resulting in additional surgeries and frequently the need to remove the entire breast. In general, the surgeon operates without any image feedback during breast cancer surgery. The purpose of this research is to provide surgeons with an ultrasound-based, three-dimensional (3D) visualization and navigation tool that can be used prior to, during, and after the procedure to ensure successful removal of the cancer. Such an advanced imaging system will increase the likelihood of success by assisting with the surgeons' primary tasks: (1) locating the target tumor prior to the operation, (2) planning and executing an intervention along a minimally-invasive path, (3) removal of the cancerous tissue, and (4) evaluation of the region after surgery to ensure that no cancerous tissue remains.

 The first stage of the project will consist of system development. We have already developed a prototype freehand 3D ultrasound system that uses a readily-available commercial 2D ultrasound system for image acquisition, an optical tracking system for probe and surgical instrument tracking, and a personal computer for 3D image reconstruction and visualization in real time. The system will first be prepared for use in the operating room. A collection of preliminary 3D images will then be acquired prior to, during, and after a series of routine cancer removal procedures. In order to be useful during the surgery, the system must be straightforward and easy-to-use. A significant portion of this project will consist of developing an intuitive and useful method of presenting the 3D image of the tumor and surrounding regions to the surgeon during the procedure, as well as allowing the surgeon to easily interact with the data. The preliminary images will be used to develop this intuitive method for image presentation and interaction. The second stage of the project will be to validate the system in the operating room.

 The development of an innovative 3D visualization and navigation tool for use before, during, and after the procedure will provide surgeons with a new tool to provide additional insight into the physical configuration of the surgical site and the requirements of the procedure, in turn enabling more effective surgery with fewer negative side effects.
The Role of mLEEK in the Induction of Grp78 in Breast Cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The involvement of “molecular chaperones” in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and other cancers is now well documented. In this context “chaperones” are internal cellular proteins that assist in the non-covalent folding/unfolding and the assembly/disassembly of other complex protein structures. However, chaperones do not occur in these structures when they are performing their normal biological functions. Much evidence points to chaperones as playing a critical role in tumor development as well as resistance to chemotherapeutics and radiation therapy. A protein called Grp78 has been identified as key chaperone to help breast cancer cells resist stress, which causes cell proteins to become unfolded. We have now discovered a protein that regulates Grp78. It is a variant of a molecule clearly implicated in breast cancer, the EGF receptor. This EGF receptor variant, called mLEEK, increases Grp78 levels within cells.

 The goals of this project are to find evidence that mLEEK is involved in primary breast cancer and to then investigate its contribution to tumor development in cell culture and animal model studies. First, the presence of mLEEK and subtypes will assayed by immunohistochemistry (antibody staining) and its correlation with levels of Grp78 will also be evaluated. Secondly, we will modulate mLEEK using a shRNA (RNA interference) approach. We will determine how this affects Grp78, and if it decreases tumor cell growth and enhances apoptosis, especially in the presence of chemotherapeutics. Finally, to confirm these observations, we will create cell lines that overexpress mLEEK and see if this increases tumor growth and decreases apoptosis.

 This work will further elucidate a key protein chaperone pathway that has been shown to be linked to breast tumor development and therapeutic resistance. This will set the stage for the development of a monoclonal antibody inhibitor which can then be clinically tested.
Mixed species nesting associations in a northeastern deciduous forest
Creators: name: Deo, Jean Elizabeth
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: Mixed species nesting associations (MSNA) occur when two or more species aggregate nests in space and time. In this study I describe nesting associations among songbirds breeding in forested habitat at Powdermill Nature Reserve in Western Pennsylvania, test if the distribution of nests correlates with habitat characteristics, and determine if MSNA impacts daily nest survival rates (DSR). I examined nesting associations involving Wood Thrushes (Hylocichla mustelina) and modeled DSR of thrushes. I also conducted artificial nest experiments in which I looked at the effects of density and nesting strata on nest survivorship. 65% of Wood Thrushes nested within 50 m of one to four other birds, and the nests were spatially aggregated. In contrast, only 15% of sites that lacked a Wood Thrush nest had 2 or more nests. Habitat characteristics including stem density and diversity were not correlated with the number of nests in an area. The best supported model of Wood Thrush DSR includes the interaction of time and number of nesting neighbors. DSR slightly decreased with increasing neighbor density. In three of the four artificial nest experiments, nest success decreased with higher nest density. In 2011, DSR decreased when nests were placed at different heights, but increased when nests were placed at the same height. MSNA are prevalent at Powdermill Nature Reserve, and birds   do not aggregate nests around specific habitat features. However, daily nest survival is, in general, negatively affected by these associations, although these negative effects are marginal at low nest densities, such as those observed on the reserve. The question remains, then as to why these birds form these associations. One possibility is that adult survival is higher among birds in MSNA than among solitary nesters, or that other species in the association benefit from nesting near Wood Thrushes.
Los Angeles Asian HIV-Hepatitis Co-Infection Study
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Asian and Pacific Islanders (APIs) in California have been increasingly affected by viral hepatitis and HIV/AIDS. Hepatitis B and C are transmitted in the same ways as HIV/AIDS, but though Asians have experienced relatively low AIDS case rates, they have seen rising rates of viral hepatitis, particularly among Asian MSM. HIV-viral hepatitis co-infection leads to worse health outcomes than either disease alone, and with relatively high rates of viral hepatitis throughout Asia and the large numbers of immigrants that make up the Asian community in California, this is a critical public health concern that should not be ignored. Researchers and policy makers still know little about the ways in which Asian individual and community behaviors create obstacles and opportunities for dealing with HIV-viral hepatitis co-infection. The Los Angeles Asian HIV-Hepatitis Co-Infection Needs Assessment Study seeks to address this very significant gap in scholarly and policy understanding by: 1. To estimate the prevalence of Hepatitis B and C infection in Asian American and Pacific Islanders (APIs) who are living with HIV infection. 2. To assess common and unique barriers to access to care and treatment, use of services, mediators linking use of services to outcomes, and baseline health status for APIs living with HIV and hepatitis co-infection. Results will be compared to APIs with HIV but without hepatitis co-infection. a. Individual barriers, use of services, mediators of health outcomes, and health outcomes will be assessed through interviews of APIs living with HIV and hepatitis co-infection and compared with interviews of APIs living with HIV alone. b. Systemic and structural barriers and mediators will be assessed through interviews with medical and social service providers. 3. To form a collaboration of community and healthcare partners that will use this data to develop and initiate the implementation of an intervention to improve access to health care and treatment, appropriate use of services, and health outcomes for APIs living with HIV, with and without hepatitis. The project will conduct in-depth interviews with HIV-infected and HIV/HBV or HCV co-infected APIs as well as their medical providers. The results of this study will provide information for the community and for health providers/researchers to better understand the barriers that Asian face in trying to access prevention services for HIV and viral hepatitis.
Transport and resealing dynamics of two pulse electroporation mediated molecular delivery
Creators: name: Demiryurek, Yasir
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: Electroporation-mediated molecular delivery is of interest for many drug-delivery and gene-therapy applications. Recent studies have shown that a two-pulse protocol consisting of a short-duration high-voltage first pulse followed by a longer, low-voltage second pulse can increase the efficiency of molecular delivery and preserve more cells alive with suitably chosen pulsing parameters. In this work we investigate the effects of the first and second pulses’ field strength and the inter-pulse delay time on the delivery of two different-sized Fluorescein-Dextran conjugates (10 kDa and &0 kDa). A series of two-pulse electroporation experiments were performed on 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells, with an alternating-current first pulse to permeabilize the cell, followed by a direct-current second pulse to electrophoretically deliver the target molecule into the cell. Our results showed that the delivery amounts of Fluorescein-Dextran varies strongly with the first pulse's field strength and target molecule size. By varying the delay times between two pulses, it is shown that the delivered intracellular concentration of Fluorescein-Dextran decreased linearly with the logarithm of delay time. The data also indicate that membrane resealing after electropermeabilization occurs very rapidly, but that a non-negligible fraction of the pores can be reopened by the second pulse for times on the order of 100 s. The role of the second pulses is seen to be more than just electrophoresis, with a minimum threshold field strength required to reopen nano-sized pores or defects remaining from the first pulse.  These results suggest that membrane electroporation, sealing, and reporation is a complex process that has both short-term and long-term components, which may in part explain the wide variation in membrane-resealing times reported in the literature.
Chromodoris strigata Rudman 1982
Creators: name: Tibiriçá, Yara
name: Pola, Marta
name: Cervera, Juan Lucas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Nudibranchia
Chromodorididae
Chromodoris
Chromodoris strigata

description: Chromodoris strigata Rudman, 1982
(Figure 4 G)
Material examined. Three specimens. MHN-YT1287, NHR, 0 1 Jun. 2014, 9m, 8mm; MB28-0 0 4884, NSS, 0 2 Jun. 2014, 15m, 12mm; MB28-004915, NKA, 15 Jun. 2014, 12m, 11mm.
Habitats. Tropical coral reefs.
Occurrences. Nuarro and Vamizi Island.
Geographic distribution. Indo-west Pacific. Japan, Palau, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands (Gosliner et al. 2008), Australia (Rudman 1982; Nimbs & Smith 2016), Philippines, Madagascar, South Africa (Gosliner et al. 2008) and Mozambique (King & Fraser 2014).
description: Published as part of Tibiriçá, Yara, Pola, Marta & Cervera, Juan Lucas, 2017, Astonishing diversity revealed: an annotated and illustrated inventory of Nudipleura (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from Mozambique, pp. 1-133 in Zootaxa 4359 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4359.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1069168
Nesozineus confusus Marinoni & Martins 1978
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
name: Almeida, Lucia M.
name: Oliveira, Marcio L.
name: Viana, Jéssica Herzog
name: Monné, Marcela L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Nesozineus
Nesozineus confusus

description: 31. Nesozineus confusus Marinoni & Martins, 1978: 181, fig. 8 Holotype, female
Type locality. Brazil, Espírito Santo: Baixo Guandú, V.1972, F. Giacomel Current name. Nesozineus alphoides (Lane, 1977)
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., Almeida, Lucia M., Oliveira, Marcio L., Viana, Jéssica Herzog & Monné, Marcela L., 2017, Checklist of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) primary types of the Coleção Entomológica Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil, and of the Museu Paraense, pp. 341-365 in Zootaxa 4221 (3) on page 345, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.250291
Activity-Based Protein Probes for Cytochrome P450s
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Normal breast cell regulation and function is modulated by multiple enzyme families. One enzyme family, the cytochrome P450s, is responsible for both metabolism of foreign compounds that enter the cell as well as the synthesis of key regulatory compounds such as estrogen. Many currently used breast cancer therapeutics target aromatase, a P450 enzyme important to the synthesis of estrogen, including anastrozole (Arimidex®) and letrozole (Femara®) for the treatment of estrogen (hormone)-dependent breast cancer. These enzymes are also known to transform foreign compounds that enter the cell to carcinogens which enhance cancer cell proliferation. Additional ways to inhibit and regulate the P450 enzyme family will provide new alternatives for cancer treatment and prevention. What is needed is a way of determining cytochrome P450 enzyme activity in both normal and cancerous breast tissues. An inventory of P450 enzyme activity will support the development of novel therapeutics to treat breast cancer. Current methods for assessing enzyme activity measure the relative protein abundance. However, enzymes in cells can be in inactive forms, inhibited forms, or modulated forms that are not detected by quantitative measurements.

 In this research, we will develop enzyme probes that have a chemical group reacting with active cytochrome P450 enzymes in normal and cancerous breast cells. The probes also are developed with a chemical “handle” that allows them to “light up” for easy identification. The probes will be added to a particular cell line (cell lines will differ in their state of invasiveness, presence of estrogen receptors which are key to hormone-dependent breast cancer, and their potential for forming breast tumors) and given time to react with P450 enzymes. After treatment the second compound is added and the amount of enzymes that have reacted with the probes can be measured. Thus, a profile of active cytochrome P450 enzymes in various breast cell lines will be generated. Furthermore, the probes can be added to the breast cells in the presence of key breast cancer drugs such as tamoxifen and anastrozole to determine how they effect or are affected by these drugs. These types of activity studies may permit more directed pharmaceutical development of new breast cancer therapeutics.

 This research will use newly developed chemical probes to determine which cytochrome P450 enzymes are active in normal and cancerous breast cells. This research will also assess the effects on cytochrome P450 enzymes by two common breast cancer therapeutics, tamoxifen and anastrozole. It is likely that these studies may also explain the effects of P450 enzymes on the degradation of these important cancer drugs.
Regulation of Chk1 in Breast Cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Damage to chromosomal DNA constantly occurs in normal cells due to everyday metabolic processes and exposure to environmental insults. These changes are normally detected and corrected by special genes working in processes known as DNA “damage checkpoints.” Significantly, cancer cells have defects in these checkpoint processes that detect and correct DNA damage, and these defects allow DNA mutations to occur and become passed on the daughter cells. An example of failure of this system is the breast cancer gene BRCA1 that is mutated in over 50% of familial breast and ovarian cancers. BRCA1 is involved in the DNA auditing process but the mechanism of its action and association with other proteins is not clear. Our interest is a gene named Chk1 that produces a protein that is regulated in part by BRCA1. Chk1 is an important messenger that relays the signal generated when DNA damage occurs. This signal tells the cell to pause and make time for repair or removal of the damaged DNA. Chk1 is essential for cells to survive normally, even in the absence of DNA damage. We believe that the ways in which Chk1 is regulated in the presence or absence of DNA damage differ in cancer cells and these functions represents targets to control the progression of the disease.

 We have developed an experimental system where we can remove normal Chk1 protein from cells and replace it with a mutant of Chk1 that cannot receive the signal it normally responds to after DNA damage. We will test how this affects cell survival before and after the induction of DNA damage. In addition, we will replace Chk1 with mutants that function as if the DNA damage signal were continually present. We will test how this altered regulation affects cell survival and normal processes in the cell. This type of experimental approach has not previously been used to investigate the regulation of Chk1 although it has been successfully used to answer similar questions for other checkpoint genes.

 We predict that these experiments will provide information that could lead to the design of strategies to target specific aspects of Chk1 regulation for better breast cancer therapies. By targeting specific functions of Chk1 it might be possible to make breast cancer cells more sensitive radiation and chemotherapy whilst reducing the damage suffered by non-cancerous cells. Patients could be treated with lower doses of therapeutic agents making the overall treatment less harsh, decreasing the chance that normal cells will be affected and therefore diminishing the side-effects suffered.
MOESM2 of Interested consumers’ awareness of harmful chemicals in everyday products
Creators: name: Hartmann, Sabrina
name: Klaschka, Ursula
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Age groups of study participants and self-reported knowledge of chemistry.
How Africa made modernism
Creators: name: DiGiacomo, Mark Jared
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: This dissertation brings art history together with literary studies to show that African art has been an engine of—and not simply a passive inspiration for—modernist and contemporary literature. Although the relationship between African art and modernism has long been remarked, conventional histories often describe African craft as an inanimate source for the lively innovations of early twentieth-century Europeans. In the late twentieth century, this story continues: post-Independence African writing is often characterized as a belated inheritor of colonial modernism. This dissertation corrects both of these tendencies by expanding the debate across space, time, and media. It begins by considering the responses of British modernists Roger Fry and D.H. Lawrence to African art’s global circulation with that of their West African contemporary, J.E. Casely Hayford. The second chapter turns to the work of Alain Locke, Langston Hughes, and Léopold Sédar Senghor to argue for the importance of an African-influenced sculptural aesthetic in both the African-American and francophone African worlds. The third chapter examines the work of Chinua Achebe and Wole Soyinka to show that their engagements with African art challenge received ideas about a modernist-postcolonial divide in literature. This dissertation’s fourth chapter pairs two contemporary writers: the experimental, postmodern South African author Zoë Wicomb and the realist Nigerian novelist Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. Both authors share investment in the artisanal that extends to a general concern with materiality—in particular the materiality of books, and writing itself—that recasts the conventional understanding of Wicomb as paradigmatically postmodern and of Adichie as paradigmatically realist. It is the concept of creativity—of making—that ultimately emerges as the unifying idea from both the artistic and literary works that this dissertation examines. This dissertation shows that African artists, in direct and indirect ways, helped to create modernism across several continents.
Chromodoris Alder & Hancock 1855
Creators: name: Tibiriçá, Yara
name: Pola, Marta
name: Cervera, Juan Lucas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Nudibranchia
Chromodorididae
Chromodoris

description: Chromodoris sp. 1
(Figure 4 H)
Material examined. Six specimens. MB28-004648, ZA51, 0 9 Dec. 2012, 12m, 34mm; MB28-004644, ZDR, 6 Dec. 2012, 32m, 56mm; MB28-004645, ZA51, 0 9 Dec. 2012, 12m, 36mm; MB28-004942, ZA51, 27 Oct. 2014, 13m, 30mm; MB28-004947, ZJS, 13 Dec. 2014, 12m, 32mm; MHN-YT896, PE, 15 Aug. 2013, 0.5m, 34mm.
Habitats. Subtropical tidal reefs, rocky reefs and tropical coral reefs.
Occurrences. Ponta do Ouro, Zavora, Paindane and Vamizi Island.
Geographic distribution. Western Indian Ocean. South Africa (Coleman 2008; Gosliner et al. 2008), Madagascar (Johnson & Gosliner 2012) and Mozambique.
Remarks. This species has been often misidentified as Chromodoris hamiltoni as they are externally and internally similar. Nevertheless, they differ externally by the presence of orange bands posterior to each rhinophore. Moreover, our preliminary molecular analyses based on mtDNA COI showed a minmum genetic difference of around 6% between this morphotype and a morphotype of Chromodoris hamiltoni as described by Rudman (1977).
description: Published as part of Tibiriçá, Yara, Pola, Marta & Cervera, Juan Lucas, 2017, Astonishing diversity revealed: an annotated and illustrated inventory of Nudipleura (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from Mozambique, pp. 1-133 in Zootaxa 4359 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4359.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1069168
Reframing the Down Low: The Context of HIV Risk among African American Men
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Rates of HIV infection among African American gay and bisexual men nationally and in California continue to increase at alarming rates. Rates of HIV are estimated to be almost 50% among men who have sex with men (MSM) in some urban areas of the United States, a seroprevalence greater than any other subpopulation in the United States. The “Down Low” is a term that refers to African American men who identify as heterosexual but secretly have sex with men without disclosing to their female sexual partners. The Down Low has been considered as a potential explanation for rates of HIV/AIDS among African Americans in public health research, despite the fact that research has not confirmed that sex on the Down Low is related to rates of HIV among African American women, and research has found that men who do not have gay identities are not more likely to have risky sex than men who have gay identities. It is critical that we address the HIV prevention needs of African American men who are bisexually active but not gay-identified. Higher rates of HIV among bisexually active African American men have been linked to conditions related to low socioeconomic status (such as poverty, lower paying jobs, and less education), suggesting that these factors may be as important as understandings based on individual behaviors. Given that, in the United States, one in 9 African American men aged 25-34 are currently incarcerated, and one in three (1/3) have ever been incarcerated – it is critical to examine the ways in which incarceration serves as a factor for sex between men, in particular sex on the Down Low. We must also understand the role of culture among African Americans - alongside the societal factors of incarceration, racism and economic inequalities - in creating the Down Low. The phenomenon of the Down Low indicates that there is clearly more to sexual identity and practice among populations of bisexually active African American men than is currently understood. This study will examine understandings, meanings, and experiences of the Down Low through in-depth personal interviews. We will interview a sample of sixty bisexually active HIV-negative and HIV-positive African American men who have histories of incarceration and live in the Bay Area in order to: 1) advance our theoretical understanding of the structural and cultural conditions contributing to the Down Low; and 2) better understand the role of places such as prison and their relationship to the Down Low by exploring the relationships between sexual practice and sexual identity during and after incarceration. By hearing personal stories about people’s social and sexual lives, we can better understand how to develop HIV prevention programs that consider the complicated context of people’s lives as we address HIV among bisexually acting African American men.
Oreodera macropoda Marinoni & Martins 1978
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
name: Almeida, Lucia M.
name: Oliveira, Marcio L.
name: Viana, Jéssica Herzog
name: Monné, Marcela L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Oreodera
Oreodera macropoda

description: 32. Oreodera macropoda Marinoni & Martins, 1978: 175, fig. 3 Holotype, male
Type locality. Brazil, Acre: Rio Branco, 15-20.XI.1965, F.M. Oliveira
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., Almeida, Lucia M., Oliveira, Marcio L., Viana, Jéssica Herzog & Monné, Marcela L., 2017, Checklist of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) primary types of the Coleção Entomológica Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil, and of the Museu Paraense, pp. 341-365 in Zootaxa 4221 (3) on page 345, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.250291
Jailed Women & HIV Education: A Collaborative Investigation
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Jail-based HIV/AIDS educators know that women walk away from their workshops with information that will help them prevent the transmission of HIV/AIDS. However, increasing rates of HIV infection among incarcerated women suggest that women do not always act on what they learn in HIV/AIDS education. “Jailed Women & HIV Education: A Collaborative Investigation” will explore the social obstacles to women acting on their knowledge of HIV prevention strategies. Center for Research on Gender and Sexuality researchers and San Francisco Department of Public Health Forensic AIDS Project health educators will work with incarcerated women in two housing units in the San Francisco County Jail #8 to explore HIV/AIDS risk and safer sex negotiation with incarcerated women. In a series of workshops and training sessions, women prisoners will (1) interview one another about HIV/AIDS risk and prevention and (2) participate in the analysis of the information they gather. This process will give women incarcerated in San Francisco county jails an opportunity to voice their own understandings and experiences of HIV/AIDS and sexual safety and, in doing so, to promote the health of themselves, their families, and their communities. This project aims to establish collaborative relationships among researchers, educators, and women in the criminal justice system and to shed light on the particular strengths, needs, and barriers that women face in California’s jails and prisons. The comprehensive understanding of incarcerated women living with HIV/AIDS that results from this collaboration will lead to an expanded collaborative research effort to develop and evaluate jail-based interventions that reflect culturally specific understandings of HIV/AIDS and incarceration in women’s lives. Later interventions and evaluations will produce HIV/AIDS curricula that could be of use throughout California jails.
Chromodoris Alder & Hancock 1855
Creators: name: Tibiriçá, Yara
name: Pola, Marta
name: Cervera, Juan Lucas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Nudibranchia
Chromodorididae
Chromodoris

description: Chromodoris sp. 2
(Figure 4 I)
Material examined. One specimen. MB28-004845, ZDN, 18 May 2011, 60m, 29mm.
Habitats. Subtropical rocky reefs.
Occurrences. Zavora.
Geographic distribution. Western Indian Ocean. South Africa (V. Fraser & J. Toms, pers. communication) and Mozambique.
Remarks. This species is externally similar to Chromodoris strigata but it differs by the presence of an oval black band surrounding the rhinophores and gills. The preliminary analyses of the genetic distance of the gene COI revealed a p -distance of 7% between this specimen and exemplars of C. strigata.
description: Published as part of Tibiriçá, Yara, Pola, Marta & Cervera, Juan Lucas, 2017, Astonishing diversity revealed: an annotated and illustrated inventory of Nudipleura (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from Mozambique, pp. 1-133 in Zootaxa 4359 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4359.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1069168
Topology of contacts in interacting polymers
Creators: name: Dirschbacher, Nina
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: Recent developments in the study of chromatin loop domains and gene regulation motivates us to investigate the topology of contacts in interacting polymers. To describe the chromatin loop formation we will use a bead on a string model with excluded volume and attractive polymer-polymer interaction simulated by self avoiding walks. The resulting chain configuration is a balance between these two interactions and can be a coiled state for good solvents or a collapsed one for poor solvent. We can classify the different chain configurations by their topological structures through the genus, a topological invariant of the resulting diagrams. The backtracking algorithm enables us to achieve exact numerical results for the genus distribution of the above mentioned model for small polymer lengths. Since pseudoknots decrease the entropy by restricting the possible configuration, we explore whether we see a suppression of pseudoknots for finite size polymers and intermediate strength of interaction.
A randomized efficacy trial of Hermanos de Luna y Sol
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) constitute one of the most vulnerable groups in the US for the transmission of HIV, showing disproportionately high rates of unprotected anal intercourse and HIV infection. However, to date, CDC's compendium of evidence-based interventions includes not a single HIV prevention program that has been specifically developed for and tested with Latino MSM. Hermanos de Luna y Sol (HLS), a program of the Mission Neighborhood Health Center (MNHC), is a peer-led HIV prevention intervention that targets Latino, Spanish-speaking, immigrant gay and bisexual men in the San Francisco Bay Area. The program is based on a population-specific, tested model that links the risk for HIV to socio-cultural oppressive factors such as machismo, homophobia, poverty, racism, forced migration, and sexual silence. These factors lead to social isolation and low self-esteem, which in turn lead to participation in high-risk sexual situations and unsafe sexual behavior. For the last twelve years, the intervention has been very successful in its implementation, perceived impact and behavioral outcomes, but never tested in a rigorous scientific way that includes a control comparison group. In this grant application, we propose to conduct an evaluation with 180 men; 90 of them will be part a comparison group who will be put on a wait list to receive the intervention four months after. The evaluation will examine the effectiveness of the HLS program to change sexual risk behavior and to sustain safer sex behavior over an eight-month period. The proposed design has been discussed at length with administrators and staff at HLS/MNHC, and has been accepted as the design that maximizes scientific evidence while minimizing program disruption. HLS/MNHC has agreed to all the necessary program modifications and enhancements to facilitate the proposed efficacy trial.
Acanthoderes comptus Marinoni & Martins 1978
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
name: Almeida, Lucia M.
name: Oliveira, Marcio L.
name: Viana, Jéssica Herzog
name: Monné, Marcela L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Acanthoderes
Acanthoderes comptus

description: 33. Acanthoderes comptus Marinoni & Martins, 1978: 185, fig. 11 (Figure 6) Holotype, male
Type locality. Brazil, Rondônia: Forte Príncipe da Beira, 7.XI.1961, F.M. Oliveira Current name. Psapharochrus comptus (Marinoni & Martins, 1978)
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., Almeida, Lucia M., Oliveira, Marcio L., Viana, Jéssica Herzog & Monné, Marcela L., 2017, Checklist of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) primary types of the Coleção Entomológica Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil, and of the Museu Paraense, pp. 341-365 in Zootaxa 4221 (3) on pages 345-346, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.250291
Diversidoris crocea
Creators: name: Tibiriçá, Yara
name: Pola, Marta
name: Cervera, Juan Lucas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Nudibranchia
Chromodorididae
Diversidoris
Diversidoris crocea

description: Diversidoris crocea (Rudman, 1986)
(Figure 4 J)
Material examined. One specimen. MB28-005024, NG, 29 Apr. 2016, 19m, 32mm. Habitats. Tropical coral reef.
Occurrences. Nuarro.
Geographic distribution. Indo-west Pacific. Marshall Islands (Gosliner et al. 2008), Guam (Carlson & Hoff 2003), Japan, Papua New Guinea (Gosliner et al. 2008), Solomon Islands, Australia (Rudman 1986a), Indonesia, Philippines (Gosliner et al. 2008), Mayotte (Deuss 2012) and Mozambique.
Remarks. Found feeding on yellow sponge Darwinella sp.
description: Published as part of Tibiriçá, Yara, Pola, Marta & Cervera, Juan Lucas, 2017, Astonishing diversity revealed: an annotated and illustrated inventory of Nudipleura (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from Mozambique, pp. 1-133 in Zootaxa 4359 (1) on pages 20-21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4359.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1069168
Exosome Release and the Immune Response to Exercise in COPD
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a respiratory disease affecting about 10% of adults above 40 years of age. COPD is caused by smoking, environmental exposure to pollutants or genetic factors, and results in difficulty of breathing. Chronic inflammation in COPD causes airway thickening, mucus overproduction and lung tissue degradation. It is the third highest cause of death in the United States. Additionally, an “exacerbation” of COPD, caused by an acute pulmonary infection, is associated with an accelerated decline in lung and physical function, and is the major healthcare burden of COPD. There is no cure for COPD. Pulmonary rehabilitation, a comprehensive intervention that includes exercise training, is one of the most effective treatments. Participation in pulmonary rehabilitation reduces exacerbation and hospitalization rates. We will investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this association. Recent evidence from healthy individuals shows that exercise induces release of microscopic vesicles (termed “exosomes”) into the bloodstream, as well as reducing inflammation and exerting several health-related benefits. Yet, the effects of exercise on exosome release and chronic inflammation in COPD are not well known. This study will enroll 20 COPD patients and 20 controls to evaluate the effect of a moderate- and high-intensity 40-minute cycle-exercise workout on exosomes and immune cell gene and protein expression. In addition, 40 COPD patients will have exosomes and immune cell gene and protein expression evaluated before and after participation in a 12-week pulmonary rehabilitation program. We hypothesize that the COPD patients with the greatest increase in physical fitness following rehabilitation will experience the greatest changes in the characteristics of exosomes and inflammation. By determining the detailed networks of genes expressed and proteins synthesized following acute exercise and after training, we will identify how the immune cells themselves may be modulated, uncovering the pathways that reduce exacerbation frequency, severity and slow disease progression. Together, application of “high-throughput technologies” for comprehensive gene and protein expression analyses, combined with detailed clinical and physiological characterization, will uncover new mechanisms by which exercise benefits COPD patients.
Totally geodesic maps into manifolds with no focal points
Creators: name: Dibble, James
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: The space of totally geodesic maps in each homotopy class [F] from a compact Riemannian manifold M with non-negative Ricci curvature into a complete Riemannian manifold N with no focal points is path-connected. If [F] contains a totally geodesic map, then each map in [F] is energy-minimizing if and only if it is totally geodesic. When N is compact, each map from a product W x M into N is homotopic to a smooth map that's totally geodesic on the M-fibers. These results generalize the classical theorems of Eells-Sampson and Hartman about manifolds with non-positive sectional curvature and are proved using neither a geometric flow nor the Bochner identity. They can be used to extend to the case of no focal points a number of splitting theorems proved by Cao-Cheeger-Rong about manifolds with non-positive sectional curvature and, in turn, to generalize a theorem of Heintze-Margulis about collapsing.    The results actually require only an isometric splitting of the universal covering space of M and other topological properties that, by the Cheeger-Gromoll splitting theorem, hold when M has non-negative Ricci curvature. The flat torus theorem is combined with a theorem about the loop space of a manifold with no conjugate points to show that the space of totally geodesic maps in [F] is path-connected. A center-of-mass method due to Cao-Cheeger-Rong is used to construct a homotopy to a totally geodesic map when M is compact. The asymptotic norm of a Z;m-equivariant metric is used to show that the energies of C;1 maps in [F] are bounded below by a constant involving the energy of an affine surjection from a flat Riemannian torus onto a flat semi-Finsler torus, with equality for a given map if and only if it is totally geodesic. This builds on work of Croke-Fathi.    It is also shown that the ratio of convexity radius to injectivity radius can be made arbitrarily small over the class of compact Riemannian manifolds of any fixed dimension at least two. This uses Gulliver's examples of manifolds with focal points but no conjugate points.
Additional file 3: of Toward a comprehensive evidence map of overview of systematic review methods: paper 1â  purpose, eligibility, search and data extraction
Creators: name: Lunny, Carole
name: Brennan, Sue
name: McDonald, Steve
name: McKenzie, Joanne
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Characteristics of excluded studies. (DOCX 5.65Â kb)
Doriprismatica atromarginata
Creators: name: Tibiriçá, Yara
name: Pola, Marta
name: Cervera, Juan Lucas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Nudibranchia
Chromodorididae
Doriprismatica
Doriprismatica atromarginata

description: Doriprismatica cf. atromarginata (Cuvier, 1804)
(Figures 4 K–L)
Material examined. Four specimens. MB28-004575, ZY, 17 Jun. 2012, 34m, 9mm; MB28-004899, NKA, 10 Jun. 2014, 30m, 24mm, collected by J. Wright; MB28-004908, NKA, 13 Jun. 2014, 17m, 70mm; MHN-YT1357, NKA, 13 Jun. 2014, 17m, 52mm.
Habitats. Subtropical rocky reefs and tropical coral reefs.
Occurrences. Ponta do Ouro, Zavora and Nuarro.
Geographic distribution. Indo-west, central Pacific. French Polynesia (Gosliner 1987), Japan (Baba 1949), China, Solomon Islands (Gosliner 1987), Papua New Guinea, Australia (Rudman 1986b), Sumatra, Indonesia (Debelius 1996), Thailand (Mehrotra & Scott 2015), Philippines, Red Sea, South Africa (Gosliner 1987), Tanzania (Rudman 1986b) and Mozambique (King & Fraser 2014).
Remarks. Two distinct morphotypes were found. The smaller specimen (Fig. 4 K) is white with a thin black edge to the mantle, as well as on the gill and rhinophoral pockets. This colour pattern is similar to the juvenile form of Doriprismatica atromarginata described by Rudman (1986b) or may represent Doriprismatica paladentata (Rudman, 1986). Because D. paladentata is so far only recorded to the western Pacific Ocean (Gosliner et al. 2015) and these two species are externally similar, further analyses are needed to confirm its identification. All other specimens are similar to that described by Rudman (1986) from Tanzania with slight differences in the hue of the mantle and marginal bands (Fig. 4 L); More significantly, specimens examined by Rudman (1986) had only a few scattered spots on the dorsum, while in the Mozambican specimens the dorsum and the foot are covered by gold spots. The specimen illustrated in Gosliner (1987, p. 83) from South Africa is identical to those from Mozambique. Specimens from the Pacific often lack spots (e.g. Gosliner et al. 2008, Matsuda & Gosliner 2017) Thus, additional studies are needed to compare the different morphotypes and verify their correct distribution.
description: Published as part of Tibiriçá, Yara, Pola, Marta & Cervera, Juan Lucas, 2017, Astonishing diversity revealed: an annotated and illustrated inventory of Nudipleura (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from Mozambique, pp. 1-133 in Zootaxa 4359 (1) on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4359.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1069168