cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Pope Benedict XV
title: Pope Benedict XV
Creators: name: Pollard, John
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Benedikt [XV., Papst]
subject: Benedict XV, Pope, 1854-1922

description: Much of the reign of Pope Benedict XV was dominated by the First World War. Pope Benedict deplored this war and thus, together with his Secretary of State, he tried to bring to an end to it through persistent, but unsuccessful, peace diplomacy. He also helped alleviate the suffering it caused through various humanitarian initiatives.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Robust entrainment of circadian oscillators requires specific phase response curves
Creators: name: Pfeuty, Benjamin
name: Thommen, Quentin
name: Lefranc, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The circadian clocks keeping time of day in many living organisms rely on self-sustained biochemical oscillations which can be entrained by external cues, such as light, to the 24-hour cycle induced by Earth rotation. However, environmental cues are unreliable due to the variability of habitats, weather conditions or cue-sensing mechanisms among individuals. A tempting hypothesis is that circadian clocks have evolved so as to be robust to fluctuations in daylight or other cues when entrained by the day/night cycle. To test this hypothesis, we analyze the synchronization behavior of weakly and periodically forced oscillators in terms of their phase response curve (PRC), which measures phase changes induced by a perturbation applied at different phases. We establish a general relationship between, on the one side, the robustness of key entrainment properties such as stability and phase shift and, on the other side, the shape of the PRC as characterized by a specific curvature or the existence of a dead zone. This result can be applied to computational models of circadian clocks where it accounts for the disparate robustness properties of various forcing schemes. Finally, the analysis of PRCs measured experimentally in several organisms strongly suggests a case of convergent evolution toward an optimal strategy for maintaining a clock that is accurate and robust to environmental fluctuations.
title: Governments-Parliaments and Parties (Hungary)
title: Governments-Parliaments and Parties (Hungary)
Creators: name: Joó, András
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ungarn
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Hungary--Politics and government--1867-1918
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Hungary

description: Political life in the Hungarian part of the Dual Monarchy (particularly the constitutional framework, political traditions and mentality) can only be characterized as very different from that of the Cisleithanian half, with all the consequences upon the work and role of the Hungarian parliament during the First World War. The characteristics of the parliament provide explanations for the stability of the government in the first war years and the events following the military collapse of Austria–Hungary.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
An Unbiased Method of Modeling the Local Peculiar Velocity Field with Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Weyant, Anja
name: Wood-Vasey, Michael
name: Wasserman, Larry
name: Freeman, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply statistically rigorous methods of nonparametric risk estimation to the problem of inferring the local peculiar velocity field from nearby supernovae (SNIa). We use two nonparametric methods - Weighted Least Squares (WLS) and Coefficient Unbiased (CU) - both of which employ spherical harmonics to model the field and use the estimated risk to determine at which multipole to truncate the series. We show that if the data are not drawn from a uniform distribution or if there is power beyond the maximum multipole in the regression, a bias is introduced on the coefficients using WLS. CU estimates the coefficients without this bias by including the sampling density making the coefficients more accurate but not necessarily modeling the velocity field more accurately. After applying nonparametric risk estimation to SNIa data, we find that there are not enough data at this time to measure power beyond the dipole. The WLS Local Group bulk flow is moving at 538 +- 86 km/s towards (l,b) = (258 +- 10 deg, 36 +- 11 deg) and the CU bulk flow is moving at 446 +- 101 km/s towards (l,b) = (273 +- 11 deg, 46 +- 8 deg). We find that the magnitude and direction of these measurements are in agreement with each other and previous results in the literature.
description: 53 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Dr.Raniyah - Ethical Approval Certificate.jpg
Creators: name: Mohammad, Raniyah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 130303 Education Assessment and Evaluation
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: This study is inspired by Habibian (2015) who checked whether explicit teaching of metacognitive strategies urges learners to use them in text comprehension in a Malaysian context. The current study verifies the use of these strategies in a Saudi context and also checks which ones of the three sub-elements are developed and which one is enhanced as a result of the intervention.

Ethical procedures were highly taken into the researcher' consideration. Initially, the researcher got a permission to conduct the research at hand from the ethical committee affiliated to the deanship of higher studies from Hail University, and consent letter was submitted to the department of English where the study took place. Moreover, the researcher explained the purpose of the study to the students who also agreed to take role in the study by appearing in the pre and post TOEFL exams. Furthermore, students were assured that all their information will remain confidential and just be used for the purpose of the study at hand, and if they want to know about the findings of the study, the researcher will support them with the study outcome as soon as she finishes.
On the Expressiveness of Markovian Process Calculi with Durational and Durationless Actions
Creators: name: Bernardo, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.3

description: Several Markovian process calculi have been proposed in the literature, which differ from each other for various aspects. With regard to the action representation, we distinguish between integrated-time Markovian process calculi, in which every action has an exponentially distributed duration associated with it, and orthogonal-time Markovian process calculi, in which action execution is separated from time passing. Similar to deterministically timed process calculi, we show that these two options are not irreconcilable by exhibiting three mappings from an integrated-time Markovian process calculus to an orthogonal-time Markovian process calculus that preserve the behavioral equivalence of process terms under different interpretations of action execution: eagerness, laziness, and maximal progress. The mappings are limited to classes of process terms of the integrated-time Markovian process calculus with restrictions on parallel composition and do not involve the full capability of the orthogonal-time Markovian process calculus of expressing nondeterministic choices, thus elucidating the only two important differences between the two calculi: their synchronization disciplines and their ways of solving choices.
The combined effect of connectivity and dependency links on percolation of networks
Creators: name: Bashan, Amir
name: Havlin, Shlomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Percolation theory is extensively studied in statistical physics and mathematics with applications in diverse fields. However, the research is focused on systems with only one type of links, connectivity links. We review a recently developed mathematical framework for analyzing percolation properties of realistic scenarios of networks having links of two types, connectivity and dependency links. This formalism was applied to study Erd$\ddot{o}$s-R$\acute{e}$nyi (ER) networks that include also dependency links. For an ER network with average degree $k$ that is composed of dependency clusters of size $s$, the fraction of nodes that belong to the giant component, $P_\infty$, is given by $ P_\infty=p^{s-1}[1-\exp{(-kpP_\infty)}]^s $ where $1-p$ is the initial fraction of randomly removed nodes. Here, we apply the formalism to the study of random-regular (RR) networks and find a formula for the size of the giant component in the percolation process: $P_\infty=p^{s-1}(1-r^k)^s$ where $r$ is the solution of $r=p^s(r^{k-1}-1)(1-r^k)+1$. These general results coincide, for $s=1$, with the known equations for percolation in ER and RR networks respectively without dependency links. In contrast to $s=1$, where the percolation transition is second order, for $s>1$ it is of first order. Comparing the percolation behavior of ER and RR networks we find a remarkable difference regarding their resilience. We show, analytically and numerically, that in ER networks with low connectivity degree or large dependency clusters, removal of even a finite number (zero fraction) of the network nodes will trigger a cascade of failures that fragments the whole network. This result is in contrast to RR networks where such cascades and full fragmentation can be triggered only by removal of a finite fraction of nodes in the network.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Die byzantinische Besiedlung innerhalb des Nationalparks „Troia und die Troas“
Creators: name: Bieg, Gebhard
name: Belke, Klaus
name: Tekkök, Billur
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Archäologie , Byzantinisches Reich , Troja , Türkei
subject: 930
subject: archaeology
subject: Byzantine Empire
subject: Troy
subject: Turkey

description: Die mittel- bis spätbyzantinische Besiedlung innerhalb des Nationalparks ‚Troia und die Troas’ wird in ihrem historischen Umfeld genauer betrachtet, wobei einige neue Fundorte erstmals vorgestellt werden sollen. Das Fundbild zeigt, dass nach den Auseinandersetzungen des Nizänischen Reiches mit den lateinischen Eroberern unter Johannes III. Batatzes (1221–1254) und der gewonnenen Schlacht von Poimanenon (1224) große Anstrengungen von den Byzantinern unternommen wurden, um die wieder gewonnene Troas durch den Bau von Burgen, neuen Dörfern und Gehöften zu konsolidieren.
description: The article investigates the Middle to Late Byzantine settlements in the Troia and the Troad National Parc in their historical context and presents new sites and archaeological materials. The archaeological finds demonstrate that after the clashes of the Emperor John III Ducas Vatatzes of Nicaea (1221–1254) with the Latin conquerors and his victory at Poemanenum in 1224, the Byzantines made great efforts to consolidate and defend their control over the reconquered Troad through the establishing of numerous new fortresses, villages and farmsteads.
Yeşiltepe, eine Siedlung der Frühbronzezeit am Oberlauf des Skamander
Creators: name: Bieg, Gebhard
name: Blum, Stephan W. E.
name: Körpe, Reyhan
name: Sevinç, Nurten
name: Aslan, Rüstem
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Archäologie , Vor- und Frühgeschichte , Bronzezeit , Troas , Türkei
subject: 930
subject: archaeology
subject: prehistory
subject: Bronze Age
subject: Troad
subject: Turkey

description: Im Jahre 2001 wurde am Oberlauf des Karamenderes (Skamander) wenig westlich von Karaköy ein bislang unbekannter Siedlungshügel durch Raubgrabungen weitgehend zerstört. Ausgehend vom Fundmaterial erschließt sich ein Schwerpunkt der Besiedlung für die Zeit von Troia I, wobei das Ende des dörflich strukturierten Ortes durch einen großen Brand verursacht worden zu sein scheint.
description: In 2001 a previously unknown settlement mound west of Karaköy on the Upper Karamenderes (Scamander) was largely damaged by looters. The material found on the site demonstrates that it was occupied mainly during the Troia I period. The Early Bronze Age village was destroyed in a major conflagration.
Coding of sequential behaviors by anterior cingulate cortex ensembles
Creators: name: Ma, Liya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been implicated in a myriad of different functions. Converging evidence suggests that the ACC continuously monitors and evaluates actions and their consequences. Such functions are essential in representing action sequences which are the building blocks of all complex behaviors. This dissertation seeks to delineate how ACC neuronal ensembles represent different types of information with special emphasis on action sequences. Chapter 2 shows that the ACC ensembles represents different action sequences via unique activity patterns that change if the order of the actions are altered or if the locations of the actions is changed. Interestingly such shifts are achieved when overall levels of activity remain fixed. Chapter 3 reveals a very different arrangement in which progression through a sequence of actions towards a goal is associated with a change in the overall level of neural activity without a significant change in the patterns of activity. Specifically, ACC ensembles display a smooth progressive change in overall activity over three lever press actions that culminate in a reward. In contrast, the dorsal striatal (DS) ensembles recorded simultaneously from the same animals display fluctuations in activity level that are tightly linked to each action. Together these two chapters show that the ACC may use two different firing rate-related codes to convey categorical versus continuous forms of information. Chapter 4 provides a further examination of the mechanisms which allows the ACC ensembles to encode multiple types of categorical information. While the DS neurons encode both the sequence and the location of the levers in a somewhat synchronized fashion, ACC neurons encoded both of these types of information but kept them functionally segregated. As a result, even though ACC single neurons were no better than the DS in sequence decoding, sequence decoding by ACC ensembles was far superior to DS ensembles. The last chapter attempts to produce a unified theory of ACC function based on its coding properties. I will argue that the ACC monitors many aspects of experience while evaluating the current state with reference to a goal. Its multiple coding schemes efficiently serve both monitoring and evaluating functions.
Chiral extrapolation of SU(3) amplitudes
Creators: name: Ecker, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Approximations of chiral SU(3) amplitudes at NNLO are proposed to facilitate the extrapolation of lattice data to the physical meson masses. Inclusion of NNLO terms is essential for investigating convergence properties of chiral SU(3) and for determining low-energy constants in a controllable fashion. The approximations are tested with recent lattice data for the ratio of decay constants F_K/F_pi.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, Talk presented at "Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum IX", Aug. 30 - Sept. 3, 2010, Madrid, Spain, to appear in the proceedings
The Integrated Diffuse X-ray Emission of the Carina Nebula Compared to Other Massive Star-forming Regions
Creators: name: Townsley, Leisa K.
name: Broos, Patrick S.
name: Chu, You-Hua
name: Gruendl, Robert A.
name: Oey, M. S.
name: Pittard, Julian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chandra Carina Complex Project (CCCP) has shown that the Carina Nebula displays bright, spatially-complex soft diffuse X-ray emission. Here we `sum up' the CCCP diffuse emission work by comparing the global morphology and spectrum of Carina's diffuse X-ray emission to other famous sites of massive star formation with pronounced diffuse X-ray emission: M17, NGC 3576, NGC 3603, and 30 Doradus. All spectral models require at least two diffuse thermal plasma components to achieve adequate spectral fits, a softer component with kT = 0.2--0.6 keV and a harder component with kT = 0.5--0.9 keV. In several cases these hot plasmas appear to be in a state of non-equilibrium ionization that may indicate recent and current strong shocks. A cavity north of the embedded giant HII region NGC 3576 is the only region studied here that exhibits hard diffuse X-ray emission; this emission appears to be nonthermal and is likely due to a recent cavity supernova, as evidenced by a previously-known pulsar and newly-discovered pulsar wind nebula also seen in this cavity. All of these targets exhibit X-ray emission lines that are not well-modeled by variable-abundance thermal plasmas and that might be attributed to charge exchange at the shock between the hot, tenuous, X-ray-emitting plasma and cold, dense molecular material; this is likely evidence for dust destruction at the many hot/cold interfaces that characterize massive star-forming regions.
description: Accepted for the ApJS Special Issue on the Chandra Carina Complex Project (CCCP), scheduled for publication in May 2011. All 16 CCCP Special Issue papers are available at http://cochise.astro.psu.edu/Carina_public/special_issue.html through 2011 at least. 27 pages, 7 figures
The Early Bronze Age Lithic Industry in Yenibademli Höyük (Gökçeada/Imbros)
Creators: name: Hüryılmaz, Halime
name: Gatsov, Ivan
name: Nedelcheva, Petranka
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Archäologie , Bronzezeit , Ägäis , Türkei
subject: 930
subject: archaeology
subject: Bronze Age
subject: Aegean
subject: Turkey

description: In this paper the first results of the analyses of chipped stone artefacts from Yenibademli Höyük, Gökçeada/ Imbros are presented. The settlement dates to the Early Bronze Age II period. The lithic data include more than 1000 stone artefacts, which belong to the categories of cores, cortical specimen, crested specimen, debris, flakes, blades and retouched tools. All raw material varieties were undergone pethrographical analyses. This way 5 raw material varieties have been distinguished, which were used in stone production. These are the following: flint, andezit, limestone, claystone and obsidian. At this stage of research the Lithic assemblages processed reveal ad hoc an orientated chipped stone production connected with flake acquiring and tool manufacturing in this Early Bronze Age settlement.
description: In diesem Artikel werden die ersten Ergebnisse der Analysen geschlagener Steinartefakte von Yenibademli Höyük, Gökçeada/Imbros präsentiert. Die Siedlung datiert in die II. Periode der Frühen Bronzezeit. Die Datenbank umfasst mehr als 1000 Steinartefakte, die zu den Kategorien Kerne, Abschläge, Randabschläge, spitze Abschläge, Abfall, Klingen und retuschierte Werkzeuge gehören. Alle Sorten des Rohmaterials wurden petrographischen Analysen unterzogen. Auf diese Weise wurden 5 Arten erkannt, die in der Steinproduktion verwendet wurden. Das sind Flint, Andesit, Kalkstein, Kreide und Obsidian. Zum Zeitpunkt der Untersuchung zeigten die untersuchten Stein-Ensembles eine Produktion von gleich gerichteten Abschlägen, verbunden mit dem Sammeln von Abschlägen und mit Werkzeugherstellung in dieser Siedlung der Frühen Bronzezeit.
Heinrich Schliemanns Ausgrabungen in Troia nach osmanischen Quellen
Creators: name: Aslan, Rüstem
name: Körpe, Reyhan
name: Sönmez, Ali
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Archäologie , Forschungsgeschichte , Troja , Türkei
subject: 930
subject: archaeology
subject: history of research
subject: Troy
subject: Turkey

description: Über Heinrich Schliemanns Ausgrabungen in Troia seit 1870 wurde bereits viel geschrieben. Zwei Hauptrichtungen lassen sich erkennen: Über Schliemanns Arbeit wird von außen in Kommentaren oder Erinnerungen berichtet. Zudem gibt eine nahezu unüberblickbare Masse von Aufzeichnungen Schliemanns in Form von Publikationen, Tagebüchern und Briefen. Die Dokumente Schliemanns vermitteln ein einseitiges Bild der damaligen osmanischen Zustände und Begebenheiten. Bis heute sind nur sehr wenige osmanische Dokumente veröffentlicht oder bekannt geworden, die dieses Bild korrigieren und ergänzen könnten. Was haben eigentlich die osmanischen Behörden über die Vorgänge in Troia gewußt und wie gingen sie mit diesem Wissen um? Erst kürzlich wurden in den Archiven wichtige Dokumente zu diesen Fragen entdeckt und sollen hier erstmals vorgestellt werden.
description: Much has already been written about Heinrich Schliemann‘s excavations in Troia since 1870. Two main themes are apparent: biographical accounts in commentaries and memoirs of Schliemann’s work and an overwhelming dossier of Schliemann’s own publications, diaries, and letters. These Schliemann documents provide a one-sided picture of the conditions and events of his day. Until today, only very few known or published Ottoman documents are able to correct or supplement this picture. What did Ottoman authorities know about the procedures in Troia, and what did they do with this knowledge? Recent discoveries in archives that address these questions are introduced here for the first time.
Renormalized spectral function for Co adatom on the Pt(111) surface
Creators: name: Mazurenko, V. V.
name: Iskakov, S. N.
name: Rudenko, A. N.
name: Anisimov, V. I.
name: Lichtenstein, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong Coulomb correlations effects in the electronic structure of magnetic Co adatom on the Pt(111) surface have been investigated. Using a realistic five d-orbital impurity Anderson model at low temperatures with parameters determined from first-principles calculations we found a striking change of the electronic structure in comparison with the LDA results. The spectral function calculated with full rotationally invariant Coulomb interaction is in good agreement with the quasiparticle region of the STM conductance spectrum. Using the calculated spin-spin correlation functions we have analyzed the formation of the magnetic moments of the Co impurity orbitals.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Definitions of massive transfusion in adults with critical bleeding: a systematic review
Creators: name: Lin, Victor S.
name: Sun, Emily
name: Yau, Serine
name: Abeyakoon, Chathuri
name: Seamer, Georgia
name: Bhopal, Simran
name: Tucker, Harriet
name: Doree, Carolyn
name: Brunskill, Susan J.
name: McQuilten, Zoe K.
name: Stanworth, Simon J.
name: Wood, Erica M.
name: Green, Laura
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Appendix.
Coinductive subtyping for abstract compilation of object-oriented languages into Horn formulas
Creators: name: Ancona, Davide
name: Lagorio, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.3.1;F.3.2

description: In recent work we have shown how it is possible to define very precise type systems for object-oriented languages by abstractly compiling a program into a Horn formula f. Then type inference amounts to resolving a certain goal w.r.t. the coinductive (that is, the greatest) Herbrand model of f. Type systems defined in this way are idealized, since in the most interesting instantiations both the terms of the coinductive Herbrand universe and goal derivations cannot be finitely represented. However, sound and quite expressive approximations can be implemented by considering only regular terms and derivations. In doing so, it is essential to introduce a proper subtyping relation formalizing the notion of approximation between types. In this paper we study a subtyping relation on coinductive terms built on union and object type constructors. We define an interpretation of types as set of values induced by a quite intuitive relation of membership of values to types, and prove that the definition of subtyping is sound w.r.t. subset inclusion between type interpretations. The proof of soundness has allowed us to simplify the notion of contractive derivation and to discover that the previously given definition of subtyping did not cover all possible representations of the empty type.
Effects of seismic operations on bowhead whale behaviour : implications for distribution and abundance assessments
Creators: name: Robertson, Frances Charlotte
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Assessments of distribution and abundance are a common means of gauging impacts of anthropogenic activities on wildlife. However, the influence of behavioural responses on estimated numbers and distributions of animals is rarely considered within this context. I used behavioural data collected in the Beaufort Sea from 1980-2000 to investigate the effects of seismic operations on the distribution and abundance of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus). Bowhead whales are known to vary their dive and surface-respiration behaviour when exposed to seismic survey operations, although it is unknown whether these changes in behaviour differ by season, reproductive status and activity (feeding, socializing and travelling). Overall, I found that changes in behaviour of whales exposed to seismic operations were context dependent (i.e., they were contingent on the whale’s circumstance and activity). I then investigated the effects of these behaviour changes on the sightability of whales to aerial observers conducting line-transect surveys. I calculated and compared sightability correction factors specific to whales exposed and not exposed to seismic operations and found that whales in all circumstances were less available for detection when exposed to seismic sounds. In particular, non-calves were the least available to observers during autumn when exposed to seismic activities, regardless of activity state. I used line-transect distance sampling and spatial modeling methods to generate corrected density estimates for bowhead whales in an area of the southern Alaskan Beaufort Sea ensonified by seismic operations between late August and early October 2008 to investigate the extent to which density analyses were affected by changes in whale availability. The resultant density surface models revealed a wide-spread nearshore distribution of whales within the ensonified area with some spatial segregation related to activity state. Density estimates that accounted for variations in whale behaviour due to seismic operations were also 25–64 % higher than previous estimates. Collectively, these findings suggest that seismic activities may not have displaced bowhead whales as previously thought, but altered their dive behaviours instead ,making them less visible for counting. My research demonstrates the importance of accounting for behavioural reactions when assessing impacts of seismic operations on distributions and abundances of whales.
Sparse spectral-tau method for the three-dimensional helically reduced wave equation on two-center domains
Creators: name: Lau, Stephen R.
name: Price, Richard H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65M70, 35M10, 83C35, 35L05

description: We describe a multidomain spectral-tau method for solving the three-dimensional helically reduced wave equation on the type of two-center domain that arises when modeling compact binary objects in astrophysical applications. A global two-center domain may arise as the union of Cartesian blocks, cylindrical shells, and inner and outer spherical shells. For each such subdomain, our key objective is to realize certain (differential and multiplication) physical-space operators as matrices acting on the corresponding set of modal coefficients. We achieve sparse banded realizations through the integration "preconditioning" of Coutsias, Hagstrom, Hesthaven, and Torres. Since ours is the first three-dimensional multidomain implementation of the technique, we focus on the issue of convergence for the global solver, here the alternating Schwarz method accelerated by GMRES. Our methods may prove relevant for numerical solution of other mixed-type or elliptic problems, and in particular for the generation of initial data in general relativity.
description: 37 pages, 3 figures, 12 tables
Jc Scaling and Anisotropies in Co-doped Ba-122 thin films
Creators: name: Hänisch, Jens
name: Iida, Kazumasa
name: Haindl, Silvia
name: Kurth, Fritz
name: Kauffmann, Alexander
name: Kidszun, Martin
name: Thersleff, Thomas
name: Freudenberger, Jens
name: Schultz, Ludwig
name: Holzapfel, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have successfully grown epitaxial, superconducting films of Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 (Ba-122)with x ~ 0.1. The films grow without observable correlated defects parallel to the c-axis, as confirmed by TEM. This is also reflected in the absence of a caxis peak in Jc(θ). In contrast to cuprate high-Tc superconductors such as YBa2Cu3O7-d or even Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10-d, the pnictides show a rather low anisotropic behavior in their Jc(θ) behavior as well as in their upper critical fields, Hc2. As a multiband superconductor, Ba-122 exhibits a temperature dependent electronic mass anisotropy.
description: contribution at ASC2010, accepted for publication in IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond
$Z_0$ Boson Decays to $B^{(*)}_c$ Meson and Its Uncertainties
Creators: name: Deng, Li-Cheng
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
name: Yang, Zhi
name: Fang, Zhen-Yun
name: Liao, Qi-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The programming new $e^{+}e^-$ collider with high luminosity shall provide another useful platform to study the properties of the doubly heavy $B_c$ meson in addition to the hadronic colliders as LHC and TEVATRON. Under the `New Trace Amplitude Approach', we calculate the production of the spin-singlet $B_c$ and the spin-triplet $B^*_c$ mesons through the $Z^0$ boson decays, where uncertainties for the production are also discussed. Our results show $Γ_{(^1S_0)}= 81.4^{+102.1}_{-40.5}$ KeV and $Γ_{(^3S_1)}=116.4^{+163.9}_{-62.8}$ KeV, where the errors are caused by varying $m_b$ and $m_c$ within their reasonable regions.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. To be published in Eur.Phys.J.C
title: Petroleum asphaltenes: experimental determination and characterization
Creators: name: Σελεκου Κωνσταντινα
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2020

description: In this study information is included about the determination and the characterization of asphaltenes as it was published in the previous decades. Specifically, the purpose of the study is to collect and to give to the readers a general idea about the definition of the asphaltenes and their basic characteristics, as they have been determined by scientists from the middle ’19 century until now. Firstly, basic information is given about the properties of the asphaltenes and two approaches which are associated with asphaltene physicochemical behavior (solubility and colloidal approach) are also highlighted.  Furthermore, the analytical methods and techniques which are used by scientists for asphaltenes detection and characterization are mentioned. Finally, two models that can determine the asphaltenes precipitation taking into account the prevailing experimental conditions and the thermodynamical effects in asphaltene are given.
description: Η συγκεκριμένη εργασία περιλαμβάνει πληροφορίες από δημοσιευμένα άρθρα σχετικές με τον προσδιορισμό και τον χαρακτηρισμό των ασφαλτενίων. Συγκεκριμένα, σκοπός της εργασίας είναι να δώσει στον αναγνώστη μια γενική εικόνα για το τι είναι τα ασφαλτένια καθώς και τα βασικά φυσικοχημικά χαρακτηριστικά τους, όπως αυτά προσδιορίστηκαν από τους επιστήμονες από τα μέσα του ’19 αιώνα έως και σήμερα. Αρχικά, δίνονται βασικές πληροφορίες σχετικές με τις ιδιότητες των ασφαλτενίων ενώ παρατίθενται οι δύο προσεγγίσεις σχετικά με την φυσικοχημική συμπεριφορά των ασφαλτενίων (solubility και colloidal approach). Στη συνέχεια, αναφέρονται οι αναλυτικές μέθοδοι και τεχνικές που έχουν χρησιμοποιηθεί από τους επιστήμονες για την ανίχνευση και τον χαρακτηρισμό των δομών αυτών ενώ τέλος δίνονται τα μοντέλα που προσδιορίζουν το σχηματισμό των ασφαλτενίων λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τις επικρατούσες συνθήκες καθώς και τις θερμοδυναμικές διεργασίες που επικρατούν κατά τον σχηματισμό τους.
Model-Checking an Alternating-time Temporal Logic with Knowledge, Imperfect Information, Perfect Recall and Communicating Coalitions
Creators: name: Dima, Cătălin
name: Enea, Constantin
name: Guelev, Dimitar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.4

description: We present a variant of ATL with distributed knowledge operators based on a synchronous and perfect recall semantics. The coalition modalities in this logic are based on partial observation of the full history, and incorporate a form of cooperation between members of the coalition in which agents issue their actions based on the distributed knowledge, for that coalition, of the system history. We show that model-checking is decidable for this logic. The technique utilizes two variants of games with imperfect information and partially observable objectives, as well as a subset construction for identifying states whose histories are indistinguishable to the considered coalition.
Phase transitions in Wilson loop correlator from integrability in global AdS
Creators: name: Burrington, Benjamin A.
name: Zayas, Leopoldo A. Pando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We directly compute Wilson loop/Wilson loop correlators on ${\mathbb R}\times $S$^3$ in AdS/CFT by constructing space-like minimal surfaces that connect two space-like circular contours on the boundary of global AdS that are separated by a space-like interval. We compare these minimal surfaces to the disconnected "double cap" solutions both to regulate the area, and show when the connected/disconnected solution is preferred. We find that for sufficiently large Wilson loops no transition occurs because the Wilson loops cannot be sufficiently separated on the sphere. This may be considered an effect similar to the Hawking-Page transition: the size of the sphere introduces a new scale into the problem, and so one can expect phase transitions to depend on this data. To construct the minimal area solutions, we employ a reduction a la Arutyunov-Russo-Tseytlin (used by them for spinning strings), and rely on the integrability of the reduced set of equations to write explicit results.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures
title: Reducing stress symptoms in patients undergoing MRI: preliminary observations on the use of a low-dose preparation
Creators: name: Laffranchi, Alberto
name: Modonesi, Carlo
Publisher: name: Organisms. Journal of Biological Sciences
Year: 2019

description: Patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) often experience unexpected anxiety episodes. This raises the question of ensuring the success of the diagnostic examination, which is crucial especially for cancer patients. In hospital practice, the solution to that problem is often based on the administration of benzodiazepines. However, this option may be accompanied by adverse events, so patients must be monitored for a too long period of time, with negative effects on the daily work of health care services. Adopting an approach borrowed from integrative medicine, we tested a homeopathic product commonly used in the treatment of emotional and behavioral disorders, and we observed interesting results that deserve to be confirmed by further studies.
description: Organisms. Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 3, no 1 (2019)
Aperiodic conductivity oscillations in quasi-ballistic graphene heterojunctions
Creators: name: Begliarbekov, Milan
name: Sul, Onejae
name: Ai, Nan
name: Yang, Eui-Hyeok
name: Strauf, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe conductivity oscillations with aperiodic spacing to only one side of the tunneling current in a dual-gated graphene field effect transistor with an n-p-n type potential barrier. The spacing and width of these oscillatoins were found to be inconsistent with pure Farbry-Perot-type interferences, but are in quantitative agreement with theoretical predictions that attribute them to resonant tunneling through quasi-bound impurity states. This observation may be understood as another signature of Klein tunneling in graphene heterojunctions and is of importance for future development and modeling of graphene based nanoelectronic devices.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
A molecular dynamics investigation of ice nucleation induced by electric fields
Creators: name: Yan, Jingyi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: This thesis aims to understand the influence of electric fields on ice nucleation. Molecular dynamics simulations are employed to investigate heterogeneous ice nucleation induced by electric fields, and why external electric fields promote freezing in liquid water models. The first project considers heterogeneous ice nucleation in systems, where water molecules experience an electric field in a narrow region over an entire surface. The specific focus is ice nucleation and growth processes. Different water models are considered, and the influences of temperature and field parameters are examined. We find no qualitative difference between the two water models. By analyzing structure, we show that a ferroelectric cubic ice layer freezes inside the field region, and unpolarized ice grows beyond the field region, at temperatures not far below the melting point. We explore ice nucleation by electric field bands, which act only over a portion of a surface. Field bands of different geometry nucleate ice, provided that the band is sufficiently large. Analysis of different systems reveals that ice strongly prefers to grow at the (111) crystal plane of cubic ice, and that ice nucleated by field bands usually grows as a mixture of cubic and hexagonal ice. Our results suggest that local electric fields could play a major role in heterogeneous ice nucleation, particularly for rough particles with many surface structural variations, that serve as ice nuclei in the environment. We also investigate the electrofreezing of water subject to a uniform field. The aim is to obtain an understanding of why electric fields facilitate ice nucleation. It is shown that the melting point of water increases significantly when water is polarized by a field. The increased melting point is mainly due to the favourable interaction of near perfectly polarized cubic ice with the applied field. Relevant to the mechanism of heterogeneous ice nucleation by local surface fields, our results suggest that local fields effectively increase the degree of supercooling of locally polarized liquid. This decreases the size of the critical nucleus in the region influenced by the field, facilitating ice nucleation.
Surface doping of rubrene single crystals by molecular electron donors and acceptors
Creators: name: Gatsios, Christos
name: Opitz, Andreas
name: Lungwitz, Dominique
name: Mansour, Ahmed E.
name: Schultz, Thorsten
name: Shin, Dongguen
name: Hammer, Sebastian
name: Pflaum, Jens
name: Zhang, Yadong
name: Barlow, Stephen
name: Marder, Seth
name: Koch, Norbert
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: 530 Physik

description: The surface molecular doping of organic semiconductors can play an important role in the development of organic electronic or optoelectronic devices. Single-crystal rubrene remains a leading molecular candidate for applications in electronics due to its high hole mobility. In parallel, intensive research into the fabrication of flexible organic electronics requires the careful design of functional interfaces to enable optimal device characteristics. To this end, the present work seeks to understand the effect of surface molecular doping on the electronic band structure of rubrene single crystals. Our angle-resolved photoemission measurements reveal that the Fermi level moves in the band gap of rubrene depending on the direction of surface electron-transfer reactions with the molecular dopants, yet the valence band dispersion remains essentially unperturbed. This indicates that surface electron-transfer doping of a molecular single crystal can effectively modify the near-surface charge density, while retaining good charge-carrier mobility.
MPEC 2023-H185 : 2020 RU3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
New Symbolic Tools for Differential Geometry, Gravitation, and Field Theory
Creators: name: Anderson, I. M.
name: Torre, C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: DifferentialGeometry is a Maple software package which symbolically performs fundamental operations of calculus on manifolds, differential geometry, tensor calculus, Lie algebras, Lie groups, transformation groups, jet spaces, and the variational calculus. These capabilities, combined with dramatic recent improvements in symbolic approaches to solving algebraic and differential equations, have allowed for development of powerful new tools for solving research problems in gravitation and field theory. The purpose of this paper is to describe some of these new tools and present some advanced applications involving: Killing vector fields and isometry groups, Killing tensors and other tensorial invariants, algebraic classification of curvature, and symmetry reduction of field equations.
description: 42 pages
Fingerprints of Primordial Universe Paradigms as Features in Density Perturbations
Creators: name: Chen, Xingang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimentally distinguishing different primordial universe paradigms that lead to the Big Bang model is an outstanding challenge in modern cosmology and astrophysics. We show that a generic type of signals that exist in primordial universe models can be used for such purpose. These signals are induced by tiny oscillations of massive fields and manifest as features in primordial density perturbations. They are capable of recording the time-dependence of the scale factor of the primordial universe, and therefore provide direct evidence for specific paradigm.
description: 12 pages, a short companion paper to arXiv:1104.1323 [hep-th]
Formats of Winning Strategies for Six Types of Pushdown Games
Creators: name: Fridman, Wladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The solution of parity games over pushdown graphs (Walukiewicz '96) was the first step towards an effective theory of infinite-state games. It was shown that winning strategies for pushdown games can be implemented again as pushdown automata. We continue this study and investigate the connection between game presentations and winning strategies in altogether six cases of game arenas, among them realtime pushdown systems, visibly pushdown systems, and counter systems. In four cases we show by a uniform proof method that we obtain strategies implementable by the same type of pushdown machine as given in the game arena. We prove that for the two remaining cases this correspondence fails. In the conclusion we address the question of an abstract criterion that explains the results.
The Effect of Market Competition on the Price of Topical Eye Drops
Creators: name: Watane, Arjun
name: Kalavar, Meghana
name: Reyes, Joshua
name: Yannuzzi, Nicolas A
name: Sridhar, Jayanth
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: To describe the relationship between the number of Federal Drug Administration (FDA)-approved manufacturers and the price change of generic and branded topical eye drops. Retrospective analysis of topical eye drop medications with formulations listed in the FDA Orange Book and the National Average Drug Acquisition Cost database from 2013 to 2017. The most frequently prescribed generic topical drugs were glaucoma medications (34%), antimicrobials (32%), anti-inflammatories (24%), mydriatics (5%), and anesthetics (5%). The most frequently prescribed branded topical drugs were anti-inflammatories (45%), glaucoma medications (32%), antimicrobials (21%) and dry eye medications (3%). From 2013 to 2017, generic eye drops had a median price decrease of 20% (IQR 32%) while branded eye drops had a median price increase of 44% (IQR 28%) (P P = .010), generic drug manufacturers (r = −.32, P = .0496), and alternative branded drug manufacturers (r = −.57, P = .002). There was no significant association between the price change of branded eye drops and number of manufacturers. Glaucoma (r = −.58, P = .039) and anti-inflammatory (r = −.69, P = .047) eye drops also had significant inverse associations with the number of generic manufacturers. From 2013 to 2017, the price of generic eye drops decreased whereas the price of branded eye drops increased. Market competition was significantly inversely associated with price changes of generic eye drops but not branded eye drops.