cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Nonlinear Delay Model for Metabolic Oscillations in Yeast Cells
Creators: name: Chumley, Max M.
name: Khasawneh, Firas A.
name: Otto, Andreas
name: Gedeon, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce two time-delay models of metabolic oscillations in yeast cells. Our model tests a hypothesis that the oscillations occur as multiple pathways share a limited resource which we equate to the number of available ribosomes. We initially explore a single-protein model with a constraint equation governing the total resource available to the cell. The model is then extended to include three proteins that share a resource pool. Three approaches are considered at constant delay to numerically detect oscillations. First, we use a spectral element method to approximate the system as a discrete map and evaluate the stability of the linearized system about its equilibria by examining its eigenvalues. For the second method, we plot amplitudes of the simulation trajectories in 2D projections of the parameter space. We use a history function that is consistent with published experimental results to obtain metabolic oscillations. Finally, the spectral element method is used to convert the system to a boundary value problem whose solutions correspond to approximate periodic solutions of the system. Our results show that certain combinations of total resource available and the time delay, lead to oscillations. We observe that an oscillation region in the parameter space is between regions admitting steady states that correspond to zero and constant production. Similar behavior is found with the three-protein model where all proteins require the same production time. However, a shift in the protein production rates peaks occurs for low available resource suggesting that our model captures the shared resource pool dynamics.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures. Added analytical characterization of the trivial equilibrium point. For the three-protein model, we now only consider results where the protein production times are equal and added corresponding linearized stability diagrams for this system. We also changed the history functions for both systems to be consistent with experimental results for obtaining metabolic oscillations
A Candidate Detection of the First Hydrostatic Core
Creators: name: Enoch, Melissa L.
name: Lee, Jeong-Eun
name: Harvey, Paul
name: Dunham, Michael M.
name: Schnee, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first hydrostatic core (FHSC) represents a very early phase in the low-mass star formation process, after collapse of the parent core has begun but before a true protostar has formed. This large (few AU), cool (100 K), pressure supported core of molecular hydrogen is expected from theory, but has yet to be observationally verified. Here we present observations of an excellent candidate for the FHSC phase: Per-Bolo 58, a dense core in Perseus that was previously believed to be starless. The 70 micron flux of 65 mJy, from new deep Spitzer MIPS observations, is consistent with that expected for the FHSC. A low signal-to-noise detection at 24 micron leaves open the possibility that Per-Bolo 58 could be a very low luminosity protostar, however. We utilize radiative transfer models to determine the best-fitting FHSC and protostar models to the spectral energy distribution and 2.9 mm visibilities of Per-Bolo 58. The source is consistent with a FHSC with some source of lower opacity through the envelope allowing 24 micron emission to escape; a small outflow cavity or a cavity in the envelope are both possible. While we are unable to rule out the presence of a protostar, if present it would be one of the lowest luminosity protostellar objects yet observed, with an internal luminosity of approximately 0.01 Lsun.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Animals without rights : a critical analysis of recent approaches in animal ethics
Creators: name: Sharoni, Boaz
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Non-human animals suffer greatly and are exploited in numerous ways by humans. This is a grave injustice that points to an urgent need for an adequate framework from which to protect animals from mistreatment by humans. Although classical theories in the animal rights literature have existed for some time now, in recent years few theorists have engaged in the effort to find more persuasive theories under which the mistreatment of animals by humans should be considered. Two influential attempts to develop such a theory were undertaken by Martha Nussbaum in her article and book chapter "Beyond Compassion and Humanity: Justice for Nonhuman Animals" (2004, 2006), and by Robert Garner in his books Animal Ethics (2005) and A Theory of Justice for Animals: Animal Rights in a Nonideal World (2013). In this paper, I argue that both these approaches have fundamental flaws that prevent them from being adequate theoretical frameworks under which to protect animals. Through careful examination of the theories, I show why they can't fulfill what they claim to, and should be rejected. The only real way to protect animals, I argue, is to assign them universal rights under the theoretical concept of justice. Taking animal rights seriously means that they have these rights by virtue of their selfhood and sentience. An application of this view means an extension of the rights view, widely acknowledged since the human rights revolution, to animals. Such an extension would mean that virtually all human exploitive treatment of animals ought to be abolished. It calls for a new paradigm shift in human-animal relationships. It is now the appropriate historical and political moment for such an extension.
Tinto: Multisensor Benchmark for 3D Hyperspectral Point Cloud Segmentation in the Geosciences
Creators: name: Afifi, Ahmed J.
name: Thiele, Samuel T.
name: Rizaldy, Aldino
name: Lorenz, Sandra
name: Ghamisi, Pedram
name: Tolosana-Delgado, Raimon
name: Kirsch, Moritz
name: Gloaguen, Richard
name: Heizmann, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The increasing use of deep learning techniques has reduced interpretation time and, ideally, reduced interpreter bias by automatically deriving geological maps from digital outcrop models. However, accurate validation of these automated mapping approaches is a significant challenge due to the subjective nature of geological mapping and the difficulty in collecting quantitative validation data. Additionally, many state-of-the-art deep learning methods are limited to 2D image data, which is insufficient for 3D digital outcrops, such as hyperclouds. To address these challenges, we present Tinto, a multi-sensor benchmark digital outcrop dataset designed to facilitate the development and validation of deep learning approaches for geological mapping, especially for non-structured 3D data like point clouds. Tinto comprises two complementary sets: 1) a real digital outcrop model from Corta Atalaya (Spain), with spectral attributes and ground-truth data, and 2) a synthetic twin that uses latent features in the original datasets to reconstruct realistic spectral data (including sensor noise and processing artifacts) from the ground-truth. The point cloud is dense and contains 3,242,964 labeled points. We used these datasets to explore the abilities of different deep learning approaches for automated geological mapping. By making Tinto publicly available, we hope to foster the development and adaptation of new deep learning tools for 3D applications in Earth sciences. The dataset can be accessed through this link: https://doi.org/10.14278/rodare.2256.
Efficient Reinforcement Learning Using Recursive Least-Squares Methods
Creators: name: He, H.
name: Hu, D.
name: Xu, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recursive least-squares (RLS) algorithm is one of the most well-known algorithms used in adaptive filtering, system identification and adaptive control. Its popularity is mainly due to its fast convergence speed, which is considered to be optimal in practice. In this paper, RLS methods are used to solve reinforcement learning problems, where two new reinforcement learning algorithms using linear value function approximators are proposed and analyzed. The two algorithms are called RLS-TD(lambda) and Fast-AHC (Fast Adaptive Heuristic Critic), respectively. RLS-TD(lambda) can be viewed as the extension of RLS-TD(0) from lambda=0 to general lambda within interval [0,1], so it is a multi-step temporal-difference (TD) learning algorithm using RLS methods. The convergence with probability one and the limit of convergence of RLS-TD(lambda) are proved for ergodic Markov chains. Compared to the existing LS-TD(lambda) algorithm, RLS-TD(lambda) has advantages in computation and is more suitable for online learning. The effectiveness of RLS-TD(lambda) is analyzed and verified by learning prediction experiments of Markov chains with a wide range of parameter settings. The Fast-AHC algorithm is derived by applying the proposed RLS-TD(lambda) algorithm in the critic network of the adaptive heuristic critic method. Unlike conventional AHC algorithm, Fast-AHC makes use of RLS methods to improve the learning-prediction efficiency in the critic. Learning control experiments of the cart-pole balancing and the acrobot swing-up problems are conducted to compare the data efficiency of Fast-AHC with conventional AHC. From the experimental results, it is shown that the data efficiency of learning control can also be improved by using RLS methods in the learning-prediction process of the critic. The performance of Fast-AHC is also compared with that of the AHC method using LS-TD(lambda). Furthermore, it is demonstrated in the experiments that different initial values of the variance matrix in RLS-TD(lambda) are required to get better performance not only in learning prediction but also in learning control. The experimental results are analyzed based on the existing theoretical work on the transient phase of forgetting factor RLS methods.
Dynamical magnetic enhancement of light and heavy quark jet quenching at RHIC
Creators: name: Buzzatti, Alessandro
name: Gyulassy, Miklos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new Monte Carlo implementation of Djordjevic's dynamical scattering generalization of the DGLV radiative energy loss opacity series is used with a hybrid interpolation scheme to compute both light and heavy quark jet quenching up to third order in opacity. The enhancement of the ratio of bottom to charm quark energy loss due to perturbative long range color magnetic effects in nonuniform Bjorken expanding geometries is found to reduce the significance of the heavy quark jet puzzle posed by the observed near equality (within sizeable errors) of pion and nonphotonic electron nuclear modification at RHIC. Jet Flavor Spectroscopy discussed below will be a powerful tool to differentiate competing dynamical models of the QGP produced in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Proceedings for Hard Probes 2010
HalOmi: A Manually Annotated Benchmark for Multilingual Hallucination and Omission Detection in Machine Translation
Creators: name: Dale, David
name: Voita, Elena
name: Lam, Janice
name: Hansanti, Prangthip
name: Ropers, Christophe
name: Kalbassi, Elahe
name: Gao, Cynthia
name: Barrault, Loïc
name: Costa-jussà, Marta R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: Hallucinations in machine translation are translations that contain information completely unrelated to the input. Omissions are translations that do not include some of the input information. While both cases tend to be catastrophic errors undermining user trust, annotated data with these types of pathologies is extremely scarce and is limited to a few high-resource languages. In this work, we release an annotated dataset for the hallucination and omission phenomena covering 18 translation directions with varying resource levels and scripts. Our annotation covers different levels of partial and full hallucinations as well as omissions both at the sentence and at the word level. Additionally, we revisit previous methods for hallucination and omission detection, show that conclusions made based on a single language pair largely do not hold for a large-scale evaluation, and establish new solid baselines.
Covariant Constitutive Relations and Relativistic Inhomogeneous Plasmas
Creators: name: Gratus, Jonathan
name: Tucker, Robin W
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of a two-point susceptibility kernel used to describe linear electromagnetic responses of dispersive continuous media in non-relativistic phenomena is generalized to accommodate the constraints required of a causal formulation in spacetimes with background gravitational fields. In particular the concepts of spatial material inhomogeneity and temporal non-stationarity are formulated within a fully covariant spacetime framework. This framework is illustrated by re-casting the Maxwell-Vlasov equations for a collisionless plasma in a form that exposes a 2-point electromagnetic susceptibility kernel in spacetime. This permits the establishment of a perturbative scheme for non-stationary inhomogeneous plasma configurations. Explicit formulae for the perturbed kernel are derived in both the presence and absence of gravitation using the general solution to the relativistic equations of motion of the plasma constituents. In the absence of gravitation this permits an analysis of collisionless damping in terms of a system of integral equations that reduce to standard Landau damping of Langmuir modes when the perturbation refers to a homogeneous stationary plasma configuration. It is concluded that constitutive modelling in terms of a 2-point susceptibility kernel in a covariant spacetime framework offers a natural extension of standard non-relativistic descriptions of simple media and that its use for describing linear responses of more general dispersive media has wide applicability in relativistic plasma modelling.
description: 37 pages, 3 figures
Self-Sustaining Oscillations in Complex Networks of Excitable Elements
Creators: name: McGraw, Patrick
name: Menzinger, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Random networks of symmetrically coupled, excitable elements can self-organize into coherently oscillating states if the networks contain loops (indeed loops are abundant in random networks) and if the initial conditions are sufficiently random. In the oscillating state, signals propagate in a single direction and one or a few network loops are selected as driving loops in which the excitation circulates periodically. We analyze the mechanism, describe the oscillating states, identify the pacemaker loops and explain key features of their distribution. This mechanism may play a role in epileptic seizures.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures included, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
On the screening condition in the core of neutron stars
Creators: name: Kobyakov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Earlier, the screening condition in neutron star core has been formulated as equality of velocities of superconducting protons and the electrons $\mathbf{v}_p=\mathbf{u}_e$ at wavenumbers $q\llλ^{-1}$ ($λ$ is the London penetration depth) and has been used to derive the force exerted by the electrons on a moving flux tube. By calculating the current-current response, I find that $\mathbf{v}_p\neq\mathbf{u}_e$ for $l^{-1}
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. Revised 2nd version
Linear energy divergences in Coulomb gauge QCD
Creators: name: Andrasi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of linear energy divergences is analysed on the example of one graph to 3-loop order. Such dangerous divergences do cancel when all graphs are added, but next to leading divergences do not cancel out.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Enhancement of Superconductivity in a Dirty Marginal Fermi Liquid
Creators: name: Wu, Tsz Chun
name: Lee, Patrick A.
name: Foster, Matthew S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study superconductivity in a two-dimensional, disordered marginal Fermi liquid. At the semiclassical level, the transition temperature $T_c$ is strongly suppressed because marginal Fermi liquid effects destroy well-defined quasiparticles. However, we show that interference between quantum-critical collective modes must be included, and these enhance $T_c$, violating Anderson's theorem. Our results suggest that phase coherence in a disordered, quantum-critical system can survive and manifest in the form of collective excitations, despite the absence of coherent quasiparticles.
description: v3: published version, 16 pages, 6 figures
Neoperla Needham 1905
Creators: name: Stark, Bill P.
name: Sivec, Ignac
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Neoperla

description: Provisional Key for Males of the Borneensis Subgroup of Neoperla 1 Notch on process of tergum 7 wider than projecting lobes …………………………...……… 2 1’ Notch on process of tergum 7 narrow, bases of projecting lobes touch on inner margins (Fig. 6).…………………………………………………….. 3 2 Posterolateral bases of hemiterga slightly widened, hemitergal finger lobes straight; everted aedeagal sac bearing a small ventrobasal conical process armed with small spines, and area between apical spine patch and dorsobasal lobes armed only with minute spinule..……. borneensis 5 9 11 2’ Posterolateral bases of hemiterga very wide, hemitergal finger lobes curved slightly outward; everted aedeagal sac without ventrobasal conical process..………………… naviculata (2 subspecies) 3 Everted aedeagal sac tubular, without spiny lobes …………………………………………..…. furcifera 3’ Everted aedeagal sac with one or more spiny lobes ……………………………………………….. 4 4 Largest spiny lobes of aedeagal sac project laterally ………………………………...…… furcata 4’ Largest spiny lobes of aedeagal sac project ventrally or dorsally ……………………………... 5 5 Ventrobasal sac lobe conical, narrower in lateral aspect than dorsobasal spiny cushion; apical sac lobe bearing a patch of enlarged spines along mid dorsolateral margin ………………………. bilobata 5’ Ventrobasal sac lobe broadly rounded, larger than dorsobasal spiny cusion in lateral aspect; apical sac lobe without patch of enlarged spines along mid dorsolateral margin …………………………. 6 6 Everted sac surface without minute spinules scattered over surface; dorsobasal spiny cushion scarcely projecting in lateral aspect ……... harina 6’ Everted sac surface covered with minute spines; dorsobasal spiny cushion prominent (Fig. 8).……………………………………….… peterzwicki
description: Published as part of Stark, Bill P. & Sivec, Ignac, 2008, New Stoneflies (Plecoptera) From Asia, pp. 1-10 in Illiesia 4 (1) on pages 3-5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4758743
To drone or not to drone : a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the US's drone policy of targeted killing in the contexts of Pakistan and Yemen
Creators: name: Dur-E-Aden, Aden
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Drones are the new game in the town of counter-terrorism. For their proponents, drones do the dirty job of killing the “bad guys” without causing much harm to the civilians. For their critics, drones desensitize the killing of human beings by creating a “PlayStation mentality.” In a world where the threat levels from transnational terrorist organizations are continuously evolving, and the mistakes of the past policies continue to haunt, it is important to critically analyze the effects of the new tools of counter-terrorism before arguing for or against their continuous use. For the purposes of this paper, I review the existing literature on the issue of targeted killing (the primary reason for which drones are employed), and build up on those arguments to formulate a drone-specific theoretical framework. In order to test my hypotheses, I conduct a “structured, focused case comparison” of the US’s drone policy of targeted killing in the contexts of Pakistan and Yemen. I find that drones are an effective tool of targeted killing against a hierarchical organization which has a predatory and violent relationship with the population in which it operates. However, due to the secrecy surrounding this issue and its high political salience, current datasets are incomplete and suffer from significant errors, making this study only a start of a future project which will look into this issue more rigorously. I conclude this paper by mentioning these caveats, along with the suggestions on which variables future research should focus on, in order to thoroughly evaluate the effectiveness of the targeted killing strategy using drones.
First Results From VLT NACO Apodizing Phase Plate: 4-micron Images of the Exoplanet beta Pictoris b
Creators: name: Quanz, Sascha P.
name: Meyer, Michael R.
name: Kenworthy, Matthew
name: Girard, Julien H. V.
name: Kasper, Markus
name: Lagrange, Anne-Marie
name: Apai, Daniel
name: Boccaletti, Anthony
name: Bonnefoy, Mickael
name: Chauvin, Gael
name: Hinz, Philip M.
name: Lenzen, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct imaging of exoplanets requires both high contrast and high spatial resolution. Here, we present the first scientific results obtained with the newly commissioned Apodizing Phase Plate coronagraph (APP) on VLT/NACO. We detected the exoplanet beta Pictoris b in the narrow band filter centered at 4.05 micron (NB4.05). The position angle (209.13 +- 2.12 deg) and the projected separation to its host star (0."354 +- 0".012, i.e., 6.8 +- 0.2 AU at a distance of 19.3 pc) are in good agreement with the recently presented data from Lagrange et al. (2010). Comparing the observed NB4.05 magnitude of 11.20 +- 0.23 mag to theoretical atmospheric models we find a best fit with a 7-10 M_Jupiter object for an age of 12 Myr, again in agreement with previous estimates. Combining our results with published L' photometry we can compare the planet's [L' - NB4.05] color to that of cool field dwarfs of higher surface gravity suggesting an effective temperature of ~1700 K. The best fit theoretical model predicts an effective temperature of ~1470 K, but this difference is not significant given our photometric uncertainties. Our results demonstrate the potential of NACO/APP for future planet searches and provides independent confirmation as well as complementary data for beta Pictoris b.
description: Accepted for publication by ApJL
Additional file 7 of An EMT-related genes signature as a prognostic biomarker for patients with endometrial cancer
Creators: name: Yu, Yonghui
name: Zhang, Yiwen
name: Li, Zhi
name: Dong, Yongshun
name: Huang, Hongmei
name: Yang, Binyao
name: Zhao, Eryong
name: Chen, Yongxiu
name: Yang, Lei
name: Lu, Jiachun
name: Qiu, Fuman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 7: Figure S7.  Co-expression networks of the 4 EMT-related genes from cBioportal.
title: Italian Irredentism
title: Italian Irredentism
Creators: name: Stibbe, Matthew
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Irredenta
subject: Irredentism
subject: Italy--Politics and government--1914-1922

description: This article examines the history of Italian irredentism before 1915; and its place its role in Italy’s entry into the war in May 1915 and in Austro-Hungary’s military governance of the Italian-speaking Habsburg territories until 1918. It also considers its legacy in the post-war period, both domestically and in regard to the contested peace settlement.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Kochen-Specker Sets and the Rank-1 Quantum Chromatic Number
Creators: name: Scarpa, Giannicola
name: Severini, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The quantum chromatic number of a graph $G$ is sandwiched between its chromatic number and its clique number, which are well known NP-hard quantities. We restrict our attention to the rank-1 quantum chromatic number $χ_q^{(1)}(G)$, which upper bounds the quantum chromatic number, but is defined under stronger constraints. We study its relation with the chromatic number $χ(G)$ and the minimum dimension of orthogonal representations $ξ(G)$. It is known that $ξ(G) \leq χ_q^{(1)}(G) \leq χ(G)$. We answer three open questions about these relations: we give a necessary and sufficient condition to have $ξ(G) = χ_q^{(1)}(G)$, we exhibit a class of graphs such that $ξ(G) < χ_q^{(1)}(G)$, and we give a necessary and sufficient condition to have $χ_q^{(1)}(G) < χ(G)$. Our main tools are Kochen-Specker sets, collections of vectors with a traditionally important role in the study of noncontextuality of physical theories, and more recently in the quantification of quantum zero-error capacities. Finally, as a corollary of our results and a result by Avis, Hasegawa, Kikuchi, and Sasaki on the quantum chromatic number, we give a family of Kochen-Specker sets of growing dimension.
description: 12 pages
Neoperla schlitz Stark & Sivec 2008, sp. n.
Creators: name: Stark, Bill P.
name: Sivec, Ignac
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Neoperla
Neoperla schlitz

description: Neoperla schlitz sp. n. (Figs. 12-13) Material examined. Holotype ♂ from India, Kerala State, Calicut District, Chambra Peak Area, 3500 ft., May 1970, T.R. Susai Nathan (ZMA). Adult habitus. General color pale yellow without distinctive pigment pattern. Male. Macropterous, forewing length 11 mm. Process on tergum 7 narrowed from base to a broad, slightly emarginate apex; apicolateral margins of process heavily armed with enlarged, sensilla basiconica (Fig.12). Mesal field of tergum 8 bears a small flat sclerite, truncate on posterior margin, and armed with a patch of sensilla basiconica. Tergum 9 with a pair of small sensilla patches near posterior margin. Hemitergal finger lobes slender, relatively short and convergent to tips. Aedeagal tube mostly membranous but bearing a ventral patch of small spinules and a larger dorsolateral patch of small spinules (Fig. 13); everted sac bears a ventral patch of large, triangular spines, a dorsal patch of smaller spines set on a short, rounded lobe, and a subapical patch of variably sized spines which encircle the cylindrical apical lobe; apex of cylindrical lobe bare. Female. Unknown. Larva. Unknown. Etymology. The species name, used as a noun in apposition, honors the Limnologische Fluss-Station des Max-Planck-Instituts für Limnologie, formerly located in Schlitz, Germany. Diagnosis and Discussion. Zwick (1981) recognized seven Neoperla species from South India and five of these were reported from Kerala District. None of these species have the 7 th tergal process similar to N. schlitz, but the aedeagus of N. nitida Kimmins is similar in lobing pattern and general armature although they differ in details (Zwick 1981).
description: Published as part of Stark, Bill P. & Sivec, Ignac, 2008, New Stoneflies (Plecoptera) From Asia, pp. 1-10 in Illiesia 4 (1) on pages 5-6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4758743
description: {"references": ["Zwick, P. 1981. The South Indian species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae). Oriental Insects, 15: 113 - 126."]}
Magnetic and electrical properties and carrier doping effects on the Fe-based host compound Sr4Sc2Fe2As2O6
Creators: name: Zhang, S. B.
name: Guo, Y. F.
name: Shi, Y. G.
name: Yu, S.
name: Li, J. J.
name: Wang, X. X.
name: Arai, M.
name: Yamaura, K.
name: Takayama-Muromachi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Additional charge carriers were introduced to the iron oxyarsenide Sr4Sc2Fe2As2O6 under a high-pressure condition, followed by measurements of electrical resistivity, Hall coefficient, and magnetic susceptibility. The host compound Sr4Sc2Fe2As2O6 shows metallic conductivity down to ~200 K and turns to show a semiconducting-like conductivity accompanied by a positive magneto-resistance (22% at 70 kOe). Although the carrier density is comparable at 300 K (5.9x1021 cm-3) with that of the other Fe-based superconductors, no superconductivity appears down to 2 K. This is primarily because the net carrier density decreases over 3 orders of magnitude on cooling and additionally a possible magnetic order at ~120 K prevents carriers from pairing. The properties were altered largely by introducing the additional carriers.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, 41 references, accepted Phys. Rev. B 2010
A List of Galaxies for Gravitational Wave Searches
Creators: name: White, Darren J.
name: Daw, E. J.
name: Dhillon, V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a list of galaxies within 100 Mpc, which we call the Gravitational Wave Galaxy Catalogue (GWGC), that is currently being used in follow-up searches of electromagnetic counterparts from gravitational wave searches. Due to the time constraints of rapid follow-up, a locally available catalogue of reduced, homogenized data is required. To achieve this we used four existing catalogues: an updated version of the Tully Nearby Galaxy Catalog, the Catalog of Neighboring Galaxies, the V8k catalogue and HyperLEDA. The GWGC contains information on sky position, distance, blue magnitude, major and minor diameters, position angle, and galaxy type for 53,255 galaxies. Errors on these quantities are either taken directly from the literature or estimated based on our understanding of the uncertainties associated with the measurement method. By using the PGC numbering system developed for HyperLEDA, the catalogue has a reduced level of degeneracies compared to catalogues with a similar purpose and is easily updated. We also include 150 Milky Way globular clusters. Finally, we compare the GWGC to previously used catalogues, and find the GWGC to be more complete within 100 Mpc due to our use of more up-to-date input catalogues and the fact that we have not made a blue luminosity cut.
description: Accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity, 13 pages, 7 figures
Molecular structure and function of myelin protein P0 in membrane stacking
Creators: name: Raasakka, Arne
name: Ruskamo, Salla
name: Kowal, Julia
name: Han, Huijong
name: Baumann, Anne
name: Myllykoski, Matti
name: Fasano, Anna
name: Rossano, Rocco
name: Riccio, Paolo
name: Buerck, Jochen
name: Ulrich, Anne S.
name: Stahlberg, Henning
name: Kursula, Petri
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: Compact myelin forms the basis of nerve insulation essential for higher vertebrates. Dozens of myelin membrane bilayers undergo tight stacking, and in the peripheral nervous system, this is partially enabled by myelin protein zero (P0). Consisting of an immunoglobulin (Ig)-like extracellular domain, a single transmembrane helix, and a cytoplasmic extension (P0ct), P0 harbours an important task in ensuring the integrity of compact myelin in the extracellular compartment, referred to as the intraperiod line. Several disease mutations resulting in peripheral neuropathies have been identified for P0, reflecting its physiological importance, but the arrangement of P0 within the myelin ultrastructure remains obscure. We performed a biophysical characterization of recombinant P0ct. P0ct contributes to the binding affinity between apposed cytoplasmic myelin membrane leaflets, which not only results in fluidity changes of the bilayers themselves, but also potentially involves the rearrangement of the Ig-like domains in a manner that stabilizes the intraperiod line. Transmission electron cryomicroscopy of native full-length P0 showed that P0 stacks lipid membranes by forming antiparallel dimers between the extracellular Ig-like domains. The zipper-like arrangement of the P0 extracellular domains between two membranes explains the double structure of the myelin intraperiod line. Our results contribute to the understanding of PNS myelin, the role of P0 therein, and the underlying molecular foundation of compact myelin stability in health and disease.
The paper to digital media transition : defining sustainability in media supply chains
Creators: name: Bull, Justin G.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The phrase, “please consider the environment before printing this email” has entered the common vernacular. It suggests that when I consider the environment, paper media is of particular concern, and by inference, digital media is not. This thesis tackles the legitimacy of this claim by examining how media sustainability operates from three critical perspectives: industry, consumers, and academia. To measure the paper industry’s perspective, a series of interviews with business executives along a supply chain were conducted. I found that collaboration between supply chain actors is a prerequisite for improving environmental performance. To gain insight on the consumer’s perspective, I surveyed 1,400 individuals in North America, investigating media habits and environmental values. I found that consumers are shifting from paper to digital media, but that environmental values have no influence over this shift. This suggests that consumers could be detached from the environmental impacts of their media choices. Finally, the academic perspective was analyzed through a comprehensive review of life cycle assessment (LCA) research that compares paper and digital media from an environmental perspective. The studies found that digital media is almost always preferable to paper, requiring less energy and materials. However, they did not assess the assumptions required in order to compare such different products. More worryingly, the context of media consumption – the industrial systems that produce paper and digital products – was never taken into account. I conclude that since a significant media shift is underway new methods are required to consider sustainability. The new methods should be anchored in two concepts that could improve considerations of the environmental performance of industrial systems. First, industrial ecology, the idea that industry might mimic nature, can strengthen initial assessments of environmental performance. Second, capability maturity models can assist in gauging the ability of industrial systems to manage and improve environmental performance over time.
C$_{60}$ in Reflection Nebulae
Creators: name: Sellgren, Kris
name: Werner, Michael W.
name: Ingalls, James G.
name: Smith, J. D. T.
name: Carleton, T. M.
name: Joblin, Christine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fullerene C$_{60}$ has four infrared-active vibrational transitions at 7.0, 8.5, 17.4 and 18.9 $μ$m. We have previously observed emission features at 17.4 and 18.9 $μ$m in the reflection nebula NGC 7023 and demonstrated spatial correlations suggestive of a common origin. We now confirm our earlier identification of these features with C$_{60}$ by detecting a third emission feature at 7.04 $\pm$ 0.05 $μ$m in NGC 7023. We also report the detection of these three C$_{60}$ features in the reflection nebula NGC 2023. Our spectroscopic mapping of NGC 7023 shows that the 18.9 $μ$m C$_{60}$ feature peaks on the central star and that the 16.4 $μ$m emission feature due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons peaks between the star and a nearby photodissociation front. The observed features in NGC 7023 are consistent with emission from UV-excited gas-phase C$_{60}$. We find that 0.1-0.6% of interstellar carbon is in C$_{60}$; this abundance is consistent with those from previous upper limits and possible fullerene detections in the interstellar medium. This is the first firm detection of neutral C$_{60}$ in the interstellar medium.
description: ApJ Letters, in press
Agnetina zwicki Stark & Sivec 2008, sp. n.
Creators: name: Stark, Bill P.
name: Sivec, Ignac
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Agnetina
Agnetina zwicki

description: Agnetina zwicki sp. n. (Figs. 14-17) Material examined. Holotype ♂ from China, Sichuan, Emei Shan, 3077 m, 8 August 2007, M. Hrovat (PMSL). Adult habitus. General color dark brown. Head dark over most of frons; M-line and occiput pale (Fig. 14). Pronotum brown with indistinct rugosities. Femora and tarsi dark brown, tibiae paler except on proximal and distal ends. Cerci pale basally, darker distally. Wings uniformly brown. Abdomen pale except laterally along dark brown pleura. Male. Macropterous, forewing length 17 mm. Tergum 5 lobe rounded and extending over base of tergum 6 (Fig. 15); mesal field of tergum 6 forming a sclerite that extends almost to posterior margin of tergum. Terga 7-8 sclerotized laterally and along base but with large membranous, mesal field. Hemiterga relatively short, reaching at least to mid-point of tergum 8; apices curved inward in dorsal aspect and bearing a prominent dorsolateral hump opposite “heel” (Figs. 15, 17); lateral aspect of hemiterga with prominent notch forward of hump (Fig.16). Female. Unknown. Larva. Unknown. Etymology. The patronym honors our friend and colleague, Professor Dr. Peter Zwick, in recognition of his important work on this genus (Zwick 1984). Diagnosis and Discussion. Agnetina has been the subject of recent systematic studies in China (Du & Chou 1998; Sivec & Zhiltzova 1997) and the Eastern Palearctic (Sivec et al. 2005), and new Asian species have also been proposed by Cao & Bae (2006) and Stark & Sivec (1991). This new species is distinct from others by virtue of the rounded lobe on tergum 5 and the short hemiterga with a strong basal hump. Agnetina cadaverosa (McLachlan) also has short hemiterga but these lack the basal hump and the process on tergum 5 is notched in that species.
description: Published as part of Stark, Bill P. & Sivec, Ignac, 2008, New Stoneflies (Plecoptera) From Asia, pp. 1-10 in Illiesia 4 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4758743
description: {"references": ["Zwick, P. 1984. Notes on the genus Agnetina (= Phasganophora) (Plecoptera: Perlidae). Aquatic Insects, 6: 71 - 79.", "Sivec, I., L. A. Zhiltzova & B. P. Stark. 2005. The eastern Palearctic species of Agnetina (Plecoptera: Perlidae). Scopolia, 56: 1 - 21."]}
Nano-patterned back-reflector with engineered near-field/far-field light scattering for enhanced light trapping in silicon-based multi-junction solar cells
Creators: name: Cordaro, Andrea
name: Müller, Ralph
name: Tabernig, Stefan
name: Tucher, Nico
name: Schygulla, Patrick
name: Höhn, Oliver
name: Bläsi, Benedikt
name: Polman, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-junction solar cells provide a path to overcome the efficiency limits of standard silicon solar cells by harvesting more efficiently a broader range of the solar spectrum. However, Si-based multi-junction architectures are hindered by incomplete harvesting in the near-infrared (near-IR) spectral range, as Si sub-cells have weak absorption close to the band gap. Here, we introduce an integrated near-field/far-field light trapping scheme to enhance the efficiency of silicon-based multi-junction solar cells in the near-IR range. To achieve this, we design a nanopatterned diffractive silver back-reflector featuring a scattering matrix that optimizes trapping of multiply-scattered light into a range of diffraction angles. We minimize reflection to the 0th-order and parasitic plasmonic absorption in the silver by engineering destructive interference in the patterned back contact. Numerical and experimental assessment of the optimal design on the performance of single-junction Si TOPCon solar cells highlights an improved external quantum efficiency (EQE) over a planar back-reflector (+1.52 mA/cm2). Nanopatterned metagrating back-reflectors are fabricated on GaInP/GaInAsP//Si two-terminal triple-junction solar cells via Substrate Conformal Imprint Lithography (SCIL) and characterized optically and electronically, demonstrating a power conversion efficiency improvement of +0.9%abs over the planar reference. Overall, our work demonstrates the potential of nanophotonic light trapping for enhancing the efficiency of silicon-based multi-junction solar cells, paving the way for more efficient and sustainable solar energy technologies.
Photon diffusion in space and time in a second-order nonlinear disordered medium
Creators: name: Samanta, Rabisankar
name: Pierrat, Romain
name: Carminati, Rémi
name: Mujumdar, Sushil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental and theoretical investigations on photon diffusion in a second-order nonlinear disordered medium under conditions of strong nonlinearity. Experimentally, photons at the fundamental wavelength ($λ=1064$ nm) are launched into the structure in the form of a cylindrical pellet, and the second-harmonic ($λ=532$ nm) photons are temporally analyzed in transmission. For comparison, separate experiments are carried out with incident green light at $λ=532$ nm. We observe that the second harmonic light peaks earlier compared to the incident green photons. Next, the sideways spatial scattering of the fundamental as well as second-harmonic photons is recorded. The spatial diffusion profiles of second-harmonic photons are seen to peak deeper inside the medium in comparison to both the fundamental and incident green photons. In order to give more physical insights into the experimental results, a theoretical model is derived from first principles. It is based on the coupling of transport equations. Solved numerically using a Monte Carlo algorithm and experimentally estimated transport parameters at both wavelengths, it gives excellent semi-quantitative agreement with the experiments for both fundamental and second-harmonic light.
Into the central 10 pc of the most distant known radio quasar. VLBI imaging observations of J1429+5447 at z=6.21
Creators: name: Frey, S.
name: Paragi, Z.
name: Gurvits, L. I.
name: Gabányi, K. É.
name: Cseh, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: There are about 60 quasars known at redshifts z>5.7 to date. Only three of them are detected in the radio above 1 mJy flux density at 1.4 GHz frequency. Among them, J1429+5447 (z=6.21) is the highest-redshift radio quasar known at present. These rare, distant, and powerful objects provide important insight into the activity of the supermassive black holes in the Universe at early cosmological epochs, and on the physical conditions in their environment. Aims: We studied the compact radio structure of J1429+5447 on the milli-arcsecond (mas) angular scale, in order to compare the structural and spectral properties with those of other two z~6 radio-loud quasars, J0836+0054 (z=5.77) and J1427+3312 (z=6.12). Methods: We performed Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) imaging observations of J1429+5447 with the European VLBI Network (EVN) at 1.6 GHz on 2010 June 8, and at 5 GHz on 2010 May 27. Results: Based on its observed radio properties, the compact but somewhat resolved structure on linear scales of <100 pc, and the steep spectrum, the quasar J1429+5447 is remarkably similar to J0836+0054 and J1427+3312. To answer the question whether the compact steep-spectrum radio emission is a "universal" feature of the most distant radio quasars, it is essential to study more, yet to be discovered radio-loud active galactic nuclei at z>6.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication as a Letter to the editor in Astronomy & Astrophyics