cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Control-value theory in the context of teaching
title: does teaching quality moderate relations between academic self-concept and achievement emotions?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Lazarides, Rebecca
name: Raufelder, Diana
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Background: Students' self-concept of ability is an important predictor of their achievement emotions. However, little is known about how learning environments affect these interrelations. Aims: Referring to Pekrun's control-value theory, this study investigated whether teacher-reported teaching quality at the classroom level would moderate the relation between student-level mathematics self-concept at the beginning of the school year and students' achievement emotions at the middle of the school year. Sample: Data of 807 ninth and tenth graders (53.4% girls) and their mathematics teachers (58.1% male) were analysed. Method: Students and teachers completed questionnaires at the beginning of the school year and at the middle of the school year. Multi-level modelling and cross-level interaction analyses were used to examine the longitudinal relations between self-concept, teacher-perceived teaching quality, and achievement emotions as well as potential interaction effects. Results: Mathematics self-concept significantly and positively related to enjoyment in mathematics and negatively related to anxiety. Teacher-reported structuredness decreased students' anxiety. Mathematics self-concept only had a significant and positive effect on students' enjoyment at high levels of teacher-reported cognitive activation and at high levels of structuredness. Conclusions: High teaching quality can be seen as a resource that strengthens the positive relations between academic self-concept and positive achievement emotions.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe; 736
Damage-tolerant, laminated structural supercapacitor composites enabled by integration of carbon nanotube fibres
Creators: name: Rana, Moumita
name: Ou, Yunfu
name: Meng, Chenchen
name: Sket, Federico
name: González, Carlos
name: Vilatela, Juan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A natural embodiment for multifunctional materials combining energy-storing capabilities and structural mechanical properties are layered structures, similar to both laminate structural composites and electrochemical energy storage devices. A structural composite with integrated electric double layer capacitive storage is produced by resin infusion of a lay up including woven glass fabric used as mechanical reinforcement, carbon nanotube non-woven fabrics as electrodes/current collectors and a polymer electrolyte. The energy-storing layer is patterned with holes, which after integration form resin plugs for mechanical interconnection between layers, similar to rivets. Finite element modelling is used to optimise rivet shape and areal density on interlaminar shear properties. Galvanostatic charge discharge tests during three point bending show no degradation of properties after large deflections or repeated load/unload cycling at 3.5 V.This mechanical tolerance is a consequence of the elimination of metallic current collectors and the effective integration of multifunctional materials, as observed by electron microscopy and X-ray computed tomography. In contrast, control samples with metallic current collectors, analogous to embedded devices, rapidly degrade upon repeated bending.
description: 27 pages, 20 figures
title: HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz
Creators: name: Schwarz, Ingo
name: Kutzinski, Vera M.
name: Le Brun-Ricalens, Foni
name: López Luján, Leonardo
name: Wey, Claude
name: Knobloch, Eberhard
name: Prüfer Leske, Irene
name: Salzer, Leonhard
name: Nöbauer, Anna
name: Sternagel, Renate
name: Stottmeister, Ulrich
name: Biermann, Kurt-R.
name: Kraft, Tobias
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 509 Histor., geogr., personenbezogene Behandlung
subject: 911 Historische Geografie

description: -Ingo Schwarz, Vera M. Kutzinski: A Letter from Alexander von Humboldt to Joseph Albert Wright – Archival Traces -Foni Le Brun-Ricalens, Leonardo López Luján, Claude Wey: Alexander von Humboldts „Aztekische Priesterin“ alias die Chalchiuhtlicue aus der Sammlung Guillermo Dupaix. Historiografischer Essay einer Translokation von Mexico-Stadt nach London -Eberhard Knobloch: Leibniz und Alexander von Humboldt -Irene Prüfer Leske: Wie stand es nun wirklich um Bonpland? Kritische Überlegungen zu Frank Holls Untersuchung zu Bonpland, seiner Beziehung zu Alexander von Humboldt und der Darstellung der letzten Tage von Bonpland durch Avé-Lallemant -Leonhard Salzer, Anna Nöbauer: (Auf) Humboldts Spuren Eine bauforscherische Untersuchung der „Casa Humboldt“ am Antisana in Ecuador -Renate Sternagel: Alexander von Humboldt, Therese von Bacheracht, und die „verhängnissvolle Prosa des Lebens“ -Ulrich Stottmeister: Der Mineraloge August Schmidt und die Entdeckung der Ural-Diamanten 1829 Teil I: Schmidts Weg in den Ural und die Diamanten-Vorhersage -Kurt-R. Biermann (1919 – 2002) und Ingo Schwarz: Der polyglotte Alexander von Humboldt (mit einer Vorbemerkung von Jürgen Trabant) -Tobias Kraft: Filología nómada. Repensar la obra de Alexander von Humboldt con la obra de Ottmar Ette (y viceversa)
description: HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies; 43
Additional file 1 of Mothers’ willingness to accept and pay for vaccines to their children in western Iran: a contingent valuation study
Creators: name: Satar Rezaei
name: Abraha Woldemichael
name: Mirzaei, Masoumeh
name: Mohammadi, Shima
name: Matin, Behzad Karami
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Appendix 1: Current national childhood immunization program of Iran (May 2020).
Nonnegative pinching, moduli spaces and bundles with infinitely many souls
Creators: name: Kapovitch, Vitali
name: Petrunin, Anton
name: Tuschmann, Wilderich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C20

description: We show that in each dimension $n\ge 10$ there exist infinite sequences of homotopy equivalent but mutually non-homeomorphic closed simply connected Riemannian $n$-manifolds with $0\le \sec\le 1$, positive Ricci curvature and uniformly bounded diameter. We also construct open manifolds of fixed diffeomorphism type which admit infinitely many complete nonnegatively pinched metrics with souls of bounded diameter such that the souls are mutually non-homeomorphic. Finally, we construct examples of noncompact manifolds whose moduli spaces of complete metrics with $\sec\ge 0$ have infinitely many connected components.
Additional file 2 of Mothers’ willingness to accept and pay for vaccines to their children in western Iran: a contingent valuation study
Creators: name: Satar Rezaei
name: Abraha Woldemichael
name: Mirzaei, Masoumeh
name: Mohammadi, Shima
name: Matin, Behzad Karami
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Participant Information Sheet and Informed Consent Form.
DICE: Automatic Emulation of DMA Input Channels for Dynamic Firmware Analysis
Creators: name: Mera, Alejandro
name: Feng, Bo
name: Lu, Long
name: Kirda, Engin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Microcontroller-based embedded devices are at the core of Internet-of-Things and Cyber-Physical Systems. The security of these devices is of paramount importance. Among the approaches to securing embedded devices, dynamic firmware analysis gained great attention lately, thanks to its offline nature and low false-positive rates. However, regardless of the analysis and emulation techniques used, existing dynamic firmware analyzers share a major limitation, namely the inability to handle firmware using DMA. It severely limits the types of devices supported and firmware code coverage. We present DICE, a drop-in solution for firmware analyzers to emulate DMA input channels and generate or manipulate DMA inputs. DICE is designed to be hardware-independent, and compatible with common MCU firmware and embedded architectures. DICE identifies DMA input channels as the firmware writes the source and destination DMA transfer pointers into the DMA controller. Then DICE manipulates the input transferred through DMA on behalf of the firmware analyzer. We integrated DICE to the firmware analyzer P2IM (Cortex-M architecture) and a PIC32 emulator (MIPS M4K/M-Class architecture). We evaluated it on 83 benchmarks and sample firmware, representing 9 different DMA controllers from 5 different vendors. DICE detected 33 out of 37 DMA input channels, with 0 false positives. It correctly supplied DMA inputs to 21 out of 22 DMA buffers, which previous firmware analyzers cannot achieve due to the lack of DMA emulation. DICE's overhead is fairly low, it adds 3.4% on average to P2IM execution time. We also fuzz-tested 7 real-world firmware using DICE and compared the results with the original P2IM. DICE uncovered tremendously more execution paths (as much as 79X) and found 5 unique previously-unknown bugs that are unreachable without DMA emulation. All our source code and dataset are publicly available.
Consumer Awareness of and Preferences for Bio-active Lipid Enhanced Beef
Creators: name: Cash, Sean B.
name: Kingston-Riechers, JoAnn
name: Peng, Yanning
name: McCann-Hiltz, Diane
name: Ding, Yulian
name: Beaunom, Wendy
name: Cash, Sean B.
name: Kingston-Riechers, JoAnn
name: Peng, Yanning
name: McCann-Hiltz, Diane
name: Ding, Yulian
name: Beaunom, Wendy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Consumer behavior
subject: demand for novel food
subject: functional foods

description: This study investigates consumer attitudes toward functional foods in the context of CLA-enhanced beef products. The objectives of this study were to identify the following issues: 1) consumer awareness and attitudes towards nutrition, functional foods, and other emerging factors; 2) consumers´ major health concerns; 3) consumers´ beef consumption patterns; 4) the importance of health information and food labeling in affecting consumer purchasing decisions; 5) consumer attitudes, acceptance, and willingness to pay for CLA-enriched beef products; 6) and consumers´ demographic information. “Choice experiment” survey design methodology was used to collect the data. Choice experiments have become an important and recognized tool in marketing and non-market valuation research, and have several advantages over other research designs. The main advantage of choice experimentation is that it allows the analyst to separately identify the value of an individual attribute of a good. In this study, we utilized several small touch-screen computers that allowed us to bring our computer-based choice experiment study to eight supermarkets in four cities across Canada. 800 self-identified beef consumers participated in the survey. Key results include the following: i) Consumers think that food choices are important for preventing chronic disease and they are least concerned about the use of functional foods for disease prevention or health promotion; ii) The awareness of CLA is relatively low compared to Omega-3 and other nutrients and fats in foods; iii) In relation to meat with regular CLA content, respondents would pay $2.51/kg more and $2.74/kg more for meat with a CLA enhanced label and a CLA enriched label, respectively; iv) In comparison to all other respondents, respondents in Quebec appear to be willing to pay a higher a premium for meat with CLA enhanced or enriched labels; v) The consumer target segment for CLA enriched beef products can be characterized as health conscious consumers who are already familiar with CLA.
Recent trends in the nursing labour market in Canada
Creators: name: Vujicic, Marko
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There is alleged to be a severe nursing shortage in Canada. While the shortage is attributed in large part to fiscal restraint in the hospital sector in the early 1990s, there are competing claims addressing why nursing employment levels changed over this period. Supply-side proponents argue that deteriorating working conditions and stagnant wages led nurses to voluntarily leave the profession, province, or country for better employment prospects. Demand-side proponents argue that hospitals reduced staff levels in response to a decline in inpatient utilization. There is also considerable disagreement on what impact, if any, reduced nursing employment levels had on access to hospital care. However, while there is no shortage of anecdotal evidence and plausible rhetoric, the debate is being carried out in a largely data-free environment. This thesis attempts partially to fill this void. Part I of this thesis examines trends in the nursing employment level in Canada over the hospital restructuring period. Results indicate that the number of nurses employed in hospitals decreased significantly during the cut-backs period and that the decrease was particularly severe among young nurses. The employment level is decomposed into three separate components for each age group: the change in the potential supply of nurses, the change in the employment rate of this group and the change in the likelihood that an individual will work in the nursing profession conditional on being employed. Results indicate that the third factor is most important. To determine whether the observed shift toward non-nursing employment was voluntary, an occupational sector choice model is developed and the pattern of nursing wages, non-nursing wages, and hospital expenditure (a proxy for demand) is examined. The evidence strongly suggests that the reduction in the nursing employment level in hospitals during the downsizing period was a result of a decrease in the demand for nursing labour and did not represent voluntary movement out of the nursing sector. That the decrease in demand primarily affected young nurses appears to reflect the influence of seniority in the highly unionized nursing sector.
Bridge to Hyperbolic Polygonal Billiards
Creators: name: Attarchi, Hassan
name: Bunimovich, Leonid A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is well-known that billiards in polygons cannot be chaotic (hyperbolic). Particularly Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy of any polygonal billiard is zero. We consider physical polygonal billiards where a moving particle is a hard disc rather than a point (mathematical) particle and show that typical physical polygonal billiard is hyperbolic at least on a subset of positive measure and therefore has a positive Kolmogorov- Sinai entropy for any positive radius of the moving particle (provided that the particle is not so big that it cannot move within a polygon). This happens because a typical physical polygonal billiard is equivalent to a mathematical (point particle) semi-dispersing billiard. We also conjecture that in fact typical physical billiard in polygon is ergodic under the same conditions.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Trembling triggers: exploring the sensitivity of backdoors in DNN-based face recognition
Creators: name: Pasquini, Cecilia
name: Böhme, Rainer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1 Appendix A.
Nonlinear resonance absorption in laser-cluster interaction
Creators: name: Kundu, M.
name: Bauer, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare gas or metal clusters are known to absorb laser energy very efficiently. Upon cluster expansion the Mie plasma frequency may become equal to the laser frequency. This linear resonance has been well studied both experimentally and theoretically employing pump probe schemes. In this work we focus on the few-cycle regime or the early stage of the cluster dynamics where linear resonance is not met but nevertheless efficient absorption of laser energy persists. By retrieving time-dependent oscillator frequencies from particle-in-cell simulation results, we show that nonlinear resonance is the dominant mechanism behind outer ionization and energy absorption in near infrared laser-driven clusters.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, REVTeX, minor modifications according to referee comments, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Comparing Predictors of Diet Quality in Canada Over Time Under Consideration of Altering Food Guides
Creators: name: Drescher, Larissa S.
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
name: Drescher, Larissa S.
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: diet quality
subject: healthy food diversity
subject: Canada
subject: Food Guides

description: Latest data on the diet of Canadians from the Canadian Community Health Survey reveals that the diet quality of Canadians needs improvement. Within this paper predictors of diet quality in Canada are identified based on two cross-sectional data sets from the Canadian Food Expenditure Survey. To measure diet quality, the Canadian Healthy Food Diversity (CanHFD)-Index is developed which is based on Food Guide recommendations. Moreover, this paper considers that the Food Guide between survey years has changed when analyzing diet quality. To track changes in demand for diet quality we use “Canada’s Food Guide 1982” to calculate CanHFD-Index for 1984 and 1996. Changes in demand for diet quality according to “Canada’s Food Guide to Healthy Eating 1992” are observed by calculating CanHFD-Index with data from 1984 and 1996. Theoretically, this model is related to Becker’s household production theory and Lancaster’s characteristics approach. Multiple regression results show significant changes in the Canadian demand for food diversity over time. Some of the differences can be traced back to the different versions of the Canada Food Guide. Increasing age, higher income, being female, and high education level are positive predictors of diet quality in 1984 and 1996 among others.
Kochen-Specker theorem for von Neumann algebras
Creators: name: Doering, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Kochen-Specker theorem has been discussed intensely ever since its original proof in 1967. It is one of the central no-go theorems of quantum theory, showing the non-existence of a certain kind of hidden states models. In this paper, we first offer a new, non-combinatorial proof for quantum systems with a type $I_{n}$ factor as algebra of observables, including $I_{\infty}$. Afterwards, we give a proof of the Kochen-Specker theorem for an arbitrary von Neumann algebra $\mathcal{R}$ without summands of types $I_{1}$ and $I_{2}$, using a known result on two-valued measures on the projection lattice $\mathcal{P(R)}$. Some connections with presheaf formulations as proposed by Isham and Butterfield are made.
description: 22 pages, no figures
Impact Assessment of agricultural research and development to reduce virus problems in tomato production in Mali: Farmers perceptions
Creators: name: Nouhoheflin, Theodore
name: Coulibaly, Ousmane
name: Norton, Geoff
name: Soumare, S.
name: Sissoko, P.
name: Nouhoheflin, Theodore
name: Coulibaly, Ousmane
name: Norton, Geoff
name: Soumare, S.
name: Sissoko, P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Pests and diseases caused by bacteria, nematodes, fungi and viruses cause significant losses to tomato in West Africa. This study, carried-out within the framework of the IPM-CRSP implemented jointly by IITA, IER and Virginia Tech. and State University, assesses farmers’ perceptions on tomato pests and analyzes factors affecting pest management decision-making. Surveys were carried out in three tomato production areas where pests and diseases are major agricultural problems encountered by farmers. Data were collected a sample of from 343 farmers through a set of questionnaires on tomato production systems. Farmer’s decision-making in pest management was modeled using an econometrics Logit probability model. Results show that the main disease reported by most farmers is tomato leaf curl viruses transmitted by whitefly (Bemissia tabaci). The spray of chemicals was not effective on whitefly-transmitted viruses, but the observance of host free period could significantly reduce the population of whiteflies. Key factors affecting farmers’ pest management decision-making are gender; share of tomato income from household income and the level of farm income. Men are more involved in tomato production due to access to pesticide and effective demand for pesticides because of incomes (purchasing power). This paper concludes that tomato production can increase significantly if improved varieties tolerant to whitefly viruses are developed and disseminated, and farmers trained on the appropriate use of chemicals using a participatory approach to raise their level of awareness and information on effective pesticide use and pest-management decision-making.
Modifications on parameters of $Z(4430)$ in a dense medium
Creators: name: Azizi, K.
name: Er, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charmonium-like resonance $ Z_c(3900) $ and its excited state $ Z(4430) $ are among the particles that are serious candidates for double heavy tetraquarks. Calculations of different parameters associated with these states both in the vacuum and the medium with finite density are of great importance. Such investigations help us clarify their nature, internal quark-gluon organization and quantum numbers. In this accordance, we extend our previous analyses on the ground state $ Z_c(3900) $ to investigate the medium modifications on different parameters of the excited $ Z(4430) $ state. In particular, we calculate the mass, vector self-energy and current coupling of $ Z(4430) $ in terms of density, up to a density comparable to the density of the cores of massive neutron stars. The obtained results may help experimental groups aiming to study the behavior of exotic states at higher densities.
description: 10 Pages, 7 Figures and 2 Tables
Loss Cone Refilling Rates in Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Merritt, David
name: Wang, Jianxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A gap in phase space is opened up by a binary supermassive black hole as it ejects stars in a galactic nucleus. This gap must be refilled before the single black hole that subsequently forms can disrupt or accrete stars. We compute loss cone refilling rates for a sample of elliptical galaxies as a function of the mass ratio of the binary. Refilling times are of order 10 Gyr or longer in bright elliptical galaxies. Tidal flaring rates in these galaxies might be much lower than predicted using time-independent models.
description: 4 pages
Demand-driven and Cost Effective Production: What the Farmers Ought to know. A case of Local Chicken Enterprise in Masindi District-Uganda
Creators: name: Alum, W.
name: Kanzikwera, R.
name: Sanginga, Pascal
name: Alum, W.
name: Kanzikwera, R.
name: Sanginga, Pascal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Most African communities depend on agriculture for both income generation and food security and yet farming has faced and is still confronted with a lot of production and market related hardships. Despite all these constraints, farmers are stuck on agriculture as it’s the only definite way of earning a living. The mistake farmers and other agricultural practitioners continuously make is to produce first and look for the market later. This is where buyers and the middle men in particular exploit and a conclusion is eventually made by the producer that,” there is no money in agriculture.” Farmers including those who want to reap from agriculture need to first change their attitudes towards it and secondly produce what the markets are demanding at particular point in time. This therefore calls for institutionally guided farmer market research, enterprise selection, experimentation and enterprise development. Farmers can only benefit from agricultural production after carefully understanding what the buyer wants as in the type of the commodity, size, quantity, quality, frequency of supply, conditions of supply and the price the buyer is willing to offer among others. Where the selected enterprise has very high costs of production, the farmer should minimize costs buy substituting some inputs with local materials and also negotiate for a premium price and sign contracts with the buyers. Two farmer research groups in Masindi district in Uganda went through the above processes and have got success stories to tell.
Additional file 1 of Mitochondrial ROS accumulation inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 pathway is a critical modulator of CYT997-induced autophagy and apoptosis in gastric cancer
Creators: name: Cao, Ya
name: Jinglong Wang
name: Tian, Hua
name: Fu, Guo-Hui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. CYT997 inhibited human osteosarcoma 143B cells proliferation. *p
Single Top Quark Production and Decay at Next-to-leading Order in Hadron Collision
Creators: name: Cao, Qing-Hong
name: Yuan, C. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the next-to-leading order QCD corrections, with one-scale phase space slicing method, to single top quark production and decay process $p\bar{p},pp\to t\bar{b}+X\to b\ellν\bar{b}+X$ at hadron colliders. Using the helicity amplitude method, the angular correlation of the final state partons and the spin correlation of the top quark are preserved. The effect of the top quark width is also examined.
description: 47 pages, 9 figures
Analysis of Factors Influencing Adoption of Dairy Technologies In Western Kenya
Creators: name: Makokha, Stella Nabwile
name: Karugia, Joseph Thuo
name: Staal, Steven J.
name: Oluoch-Kosura, Willis
name: Makokha, Stella Nabwile
name: Karugia, Joseph Thuo
name: Staal, Steven J.
name: Oluoch-Kosura, Willis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Adoption
subject: factor interrelationship
subject: spatial factors

description: Indicators of poverty in western Kenya show high poverty levels. The area has low dairy development yet the potential for dairy development is quite high. Dairy farming has the potential to reduce poverty by increasing incomes and reducing unemployment. This paper reports factor interrelationships in dairy adoption with a view to understanding factors that influence adoption. The binary probit model was used to analyse data from 1575 households. Contrary to findings from similar studies elsewhere, some factors had a negative association with adoption, thus unfolding a unique adoption process. The association between the factor interactive affects and technology adoption highlighted the importance of exploring factor interrelationships. The widely held conclusion that smallholder households are resource constrained in technology adoption did not hold in this study. The source of labour supply dictated choice of variables to be used as proxies for labour availability. The exploration of endogenous relationships in the various factors dictated the use of the single probit model. The spatial factors used were highly significant in adoption, and the predicted probabilities from these factors gave a true spatial prediction. This confirmed reliability of the probit estimates. An understanding of factor interrelationships in adoption gives adoption studies high specificity while making conclusions and recommendations, thus necessitating case studies in adoption.
The role of Gliotactin in planar cell polarity
Creators: name: Venema, Dennis Roy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Epithelial sheets exhibit apical-basal polarity and may also be polarized within the plane of the epithelium, a feature known as planar cell polarity, or PCP. In Drosophila, the pleated septate junction is a basolateral cell-cell junction that contributes to apicalbasal polarity. Gliotactin is a transmembrane protein with homology to serine esterases that localizes to the septate junction at the common vertex of three adjoining cells. Gliotactin is necessary for the function of the embryonic blood-nerve barrier which is formed by glial-glial septate junctions, as well as for septate junction formation in the embryonic epidermis. While septate junctions are a ubiquitous feature of epithelial sheets in Drosophila, the role of Gliotactin in post-embryonic tissues has not been addressed. In this thesis the role of Gliotactin in the development of polarized post-embyronic epithelia was investigated. The Drosophila wing epithelium has both apical-basal and planar polarity. Through mutant analysis it was demonstrated that Gliotactin is required for PCP in this epithelium. The Gliotactin wing PCP phenotype was sensitive to enhancement by the septate-junction mutants scribble, discs-large, coracle and Neurexin IV, and by the putative septate-junction mutant vulcan. Through genetic tests these mutations were found to function in the Gliotactin PCP pathway in epistasis groups consistent with previous work in the embyonic epidermis. Combinatorial septate-junction mutations were found to cause blisters at the wing margin, identifying a role for Gliotactin and other septate-junction components in adhesion between wing epithelial layers. The Gliotactin PCP pathway was shown to be independent of the frizzled PCP signaling pathway through cell biological and genetic assays. Finally, a novel component of the Gliotactin pathway was identified through a genetic screen for modifiers of Gliotactin PCP phenotypes. A model of Gliotactin function in/h'zz/ed-independent PCP in the wing is presented.
The Role of Credit Access in Improving Cocoa Production in West African Countries
Creators: name: Nyemeck, J.B.
name: Gockowski, James
name: Nkamleu, Guy Blaise
name: Nyemeck, J.B.
name: Gockowski, James
name: Nkamleu, Guy Blaise
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Credit
subject: Cocoa
subject: Farmer
subject: West Africa

description: This study uses survey data to examine the role of access to credit on cocoa production, in West African cocoa production countries under conditions of agricultural policy liberalization. The study specifies and estimates econometric models to simulate the counterfactual of what cocoa production would be in the absence of credit facilities. The survey results show that about 54% of cocoa farmers have access to credit in Nigeria, and respectively 37% in Cameroon, while in Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire only a few cocoa farmers have access to credit. We find that the cocoa farmer’s capacity such as, the cocoa farm size, and the mutuality status of the farmer are more important as a determinants of cocoa farmers access to credit as well as another set of variables like the level of infrastructural development in the village, the lending reputation of the region as more determinant of extent cocoa farmer access to credit. We also find that access to credit by cocoa farmers has a positive spillover effect on cocoa production. The research concludes that there is a need of promoted credit institutions specialized in saving mobilization and credit supply to farmers in general and cocoa farmers specifically. These could include voluntary saving and credit cooperatives, which could pool funds from surplus units for lending to deficit farmers so as to smooth seasonal discrepancies between cocoa farmer income and expenditure.
Environmental Dependence of Self-Regulating Black-hole Feedback in Massive Galaxies
Creators: name: Prasad, Deovrat
name: Voit, G. Mark
name: O'shea, Brian W.
name: Glines, Forrest
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the universe's most massive galaxies, kinetic feedback from a central supermassive black hole appears to limit star formation. Abundant circumstantial evidence suggests that accumulation of cold gas near the central black hole strongly boosts the feedback output, keeping the ambient medium in a state marginally unstable to condensation and formation of cold gas clouds. However, the ability of that mechanism to self-regulate may depend on numerous environmental factors, including the depth of the potential well and the pressure of the surrounding circumgalactic medium (CGM). Here we present a suite of numerical simulations that explores the dependence of cold-fuelled bipolar kinetic feedback on those environmental factors. Halo mass in this simulation suite ranges from $2 \times 10^{12} \, M_\odot$ to $8 \times 10^{14} \, M_\odot$. We include the spatially extended mass and energy input from the massive galaxy's old stellar population, which is capable of sweeping gas out of the galaxy and away from the central black hole if the confining CGM pressure is sufficiently low. Our simulations show that this feedback mechanism is tightly self-regulating in a massive galaxy with a deep central potential and low CGM pressure, permitting only small amounts of multiphase gas to accumulate and allowing almost no star formation. In a massive galaxy of similar mass but a shallower central potential and greater CGM pressure the same feedback mechanism is more episodic, producing extended multiphase gas and occasionally allowing small rates of star formation ($\sim 0.1 \, M_\odot \, {\rm yr}^{-1}$). At the low-mass end of the explored range the mechanism becomes implausibly explosive, perhaps because the ambient gas initially has no angular momentum, which would have reduced the amount of condensed gas capable of fueling feedback.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Force generation in small ensembles of Brownian motors
Creators: name: Linden, Martin
name: Tuohimaa, Tomi
name: Jonsson, Ann-Beth
name: Wallin, Mats
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motility of certain gram-negative bacteria is mediated by retraction of type IV pili surface filaments, which are essential for infectivity. The retraction is powered by a strong molecular motor protein, PilT, producing very high forces that can exceed 150 pN. The molecular details of the motor mechanism are still largely unknown, while other features have been identified, such as the ring-shaped protein structure of the PilT motor. The surprisingly high forces generated by the PilT system motivate a model investigation of the generation of large forces in molecular motors. We propose a simple model, involving a small ensemble of motor subunits interacting through the deformations on a circular backbone with finite stiffness. The model describes the motor subunits in terms of diffusing particles in an asymmetric, time-dependent binding potential (flashing ratchet potential), roughly corresponding to the ATP hydrolysis cycle. We compute force-velocity relations in a subset of the parameter space and explore how the maximum force (stall force) is determined by stiffness, binding strength, ensemble size, and degree of asymmetry. We identify two qualitatively different regimes of operation depending on the relation between ensemble size and asymmetry. In the transition between these two regimes, the stall force depends nonlinearly on the number of motor subunits. Compared to its constituents without interactions, we find higher efficiency and qualitatively different force-velocity relations. The model captures several of the qualitative features obtained in experiments on pilus retraction forces, such as roughly constant velocity at low applied forces and insensitivity in the stall force to changes in the ATP concentration.
description: RevTex 9 pages, 4 figures. Revised version, new subsections in Sec. III, removed typos
Overhead Control with Reliable Transmission of Popular Packets in Ad-Hoc Social Networks
Creators: name: Xia, Feng
name: Liaqat, Hannan Bin
name: Deng, Jing
name: Wan, Jiafu
name: Das, Sajal K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reliable social connectivity and transmission of data for popular nodes is vital in multihop Ad-hoc Social Networks (ASNETs). In this networking paradigm, transmission unreliability could be caused by multiple social applications running on a single node. This leads to contentions among nodes and connection paths. In addition, congestions can be the result of multiple senders transmitting data to a single receiver and every sender waiting for a positive acknowledgment to move on. Therefore, traditional Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) performs poorly in ASNETs, due to the fact that the available bandwidth is shared among nodes using round trip time and the acknowledgment is provided individually to every data packet. To solve these issues, we propose a technique, called Overhead Control with Reliable Transmission of Popular Packets in Ad-Hoc Social Networks (RTPS), which improves transmission reliability by assigning bandwidth to users based on their popularity levels: extra bandwidth is assigned to the nodes with higher popularity and their acknowledgments are sent with higher priority. In addition, RTPS further reduces contentions and packet losses by delaying acknowledgment packet transmissions. Our detailed investigations demonstrate the excellent performance of RTPS in terms of throughput latency and overhead with different hop-distances and different numbers of concurrent TCP flows.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Organic Rural Innovation Systems and Networks: Findings From a Study of Ethiopian Smallholders
Creators: name: Spielman, David J.
name: Davis, Kristin E.
name: Negash, Martha
name: Gezahegn, Ayele
name: Spielman, David J.
name: Davis, Kristin E.
name: Negash, Martha
name: Gezahegn, Ayele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Ethiopia
subject: Agricultural development
subject: innovation
subject: technology
subject: Social networks
subject: Social learning

description: Agriculture in Ethiopia is changing. New players, relationships, and policies are influencing the ways in which information and knowledge are used by smallholders. While this growing complexity suggests opportunities for Ethiopian smallholders, too little is known about how these opportunities can be effectively leveraged to promote pro-poor processes of rural innovation. This paper examines Ethiopia’s smallholder agricultural sector from an innovation systems perspective to understand the changing roles, responsibilities, and interactions of diverse actors in relation to smallholder livelihoods. The paper uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative research tools to paint a picture of the innovation landscape at both the system and local levels. Findings suggest that public sector extension, administration, and related service providers form a closely-knit network in rural Ethiopia with the ability to influence smallholder access to knowledge and information. Given the Government of Ethiopia’s priorities of improving rural welfare by increasing market access among smallholders, these findings suggest the need for policies and programs designed to strengthen innovative capabilities among rural service providers from the public sector, and to create more space for private and civil society actors to participate in smallholder innovation networks.
Electronic supplementary material from Mammal virus diversity estimates are unstable due to accelerating discovery effort
Creators: name: Gibb, Rory
name: Albery, Gregory F.
name: Mollentze, Nardus
name: Eskew, Evan A.
name: Brierley, Liam
name: Ryan, Sadie J.
name: Seifert, Stephanie N.
name: Carlson, Colin J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary figures
Vacancy effects in an easy-plane Heisenberg model: reduction of T_c and doubly-charged vortices
Creators: name: Wysin, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic vortices in thermal equilibrium in two-dimensional magnets are studied here under the presence of a low concentration of nonmagnetic impurities (spin vacancies). A nearest-neighbor Heisenberg (XXZ) spin model with easy-plane exchange anisotropy is used to determine static thermodynamic properties and vortex densities via cluster/over-relaxation Monte Carlo. Especially at low temperature, a large fraction of the thermally generated vortices nucleate centered on vacancies, where they have a lower energy of formation. These facts are responsible for the reduction of the vortex-unbinding transition temperature with increasing vacancy concentration, similar to that seen in the planar rotator model. Spin vacancies also present the possibility of a new effect, namely, the appearance of vortices with double topological charges (4 pi change in in-plane spin angle), stable only when centered on vacancies.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures
Additional file 1 of The optimal management of Seymour fractures in children and adolescents: a systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Kiely, Ailbhe L.
name: Nolan, Grant S.
name: Cooper, Lilli R. L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary file 1. PRISMA-P checklist.
Non-minimal Tinges of Unimodular Gravity
Creators: name: Herrero-Valea, Mario
name: Santos-Garcia, Raquel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unimodular Gravity is normally assumed to be equivalent to General Relativity for all matters but the character of the Cosmological Constant. Here we discuss this equivalence in the presence of a non-minimally coupled scalar field. We show that when we consider gravitation to be dynamical in a QFT sense, quantum corrections can distinguish both theories if the non-minimal coupling is non-vanishing. In order to show this, we construct a path integral formulation of Unimodular Gravity, fixing the complicated gauge invariance of the theory and computing all one-loop divergences. We find a combination of the couplings in the Lagrangian to which we can assign a physical meaning. It tells whether quantum gravitational phenomena can be ignored or not at a given energy scale. Its renormalization group flow differs depending on if it is computed in General Relativity or Unimodular Gravity.
description: 34 pages, matches journal version