cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mixed treatment comparison of efficacy and tolerability of biologic agents in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Hochberg, Marc C.
name: Berry, Scott
name: Broglio, Kristine
name: Rosenblatt, Lisa
name: Anagha Nadkarni
name: Digisha Trivedi
name: Hebden, Tony
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: To determine the comparative efficacy and tolerability of abatacept and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inadequate response to conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). A systematic review identified RCTs in RA patients who responded inadequately to conventional DMARDs and were treated with one of the following biologic agents: abatacept, adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, certolizumab pegol, or golimumab. Bayesian hierarchical models were used to compare efficacy and tolerability outcomes of abatacept and combined TNFi at 6 months and 1 year. In this mixed treatment comparison (MTC), the likelihood of achieving ACR response was comparable between abatacept and combined TNFi at 6 months for ACR20, 50, and 70: (odds ratio [OR] = 0.98 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73, 1.27], 0.99 [0.73, 1.31], and 0.91 [0.62, 1.27], respectively); and at 12 months for ACR20 (OR = 1.27 [0.92, 1.71]) and ACR50 (1.21 [0.82, 1.68]), with a higher likelihood of achieving an ACR70 response at 12 months (1.41 [1.02, 1.82]). Odds of DAS28 remission at 12 months was greater for abatacept than the combined TNFi (OR = 2.03 [1.04, 3.58]). Abatacept had better tolerability, defined as a lower likelihood of withdrawal due to adverse events, at both 6 and 12 months (OR = 0.38 [0.10, 0.88] and 0.51 [0.27, 0.86], respectively). These analyses include indirect comparisons across clinical trials and are not a replacement for head-to-head data. While all TNFi have been grouped into one class, there may be some differences between the individual TNFi that are not captured in our study. In this MTC, abatacept demonstrated similar efficacy at 6 months, a higher likelihood of achieving ACR70 response and DAS28 remission at 12 months and better tolerability relative to the combined TNFi in patients with RA who had an inadequate response to conventional DMARDs.
Approximate Uncertain Program
Creators: name: Shen, Xun
name: Zhuang, Jiancang
name: Zhang, Xingguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Chance constrained program where one seeks to minimize an objective over decisions which satisfy randomly disturbed constraints with a given probability is computationally intractable. This paper proposes an approximate approach to address chance constrained program. Firstly, a single layer neural-network is used to approximate the function from decision domain to violation probability domain. The algorithm for updating parameters in single layer neural-network adopts sequential extreme learning machine. Based on the neural violation probability approximate model, a randomized algorithm is then proposed to approach the optimizer in the probabilistic feasible domain of decision. In the randomized algorithm, samples are extracted from decision domain uniformly at first. Then, violation probabilities of all samples are calculated according to neural violation probability approximate model. The ones with violation probability higher than the required level are discarded. The minimizer in the remained feasible decision samples is used to update sampling policy. The policy converges to the optimal feasible decision. Numerical simulations are implemented to validate the proposed method for non-convex problems comparing with scenario approach and parallel randomized algorithm. The result shows that proposed method have improved performance.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1911.00192
Assessment of barriers to accessing pediatric cerebral palsy treatment in Uganda from the clinicians’ perspectives : Pilot study
Creators: name: Kinnear, Lexington
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Introduction: Pediatric cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most common causes of childhood physical disability in low- and middle-income countries, especially Uganda. Access to adequate infrastructure and material and human resources necessary for surgical and rehabilitation treatment in Uganda is limited and, consequently, places a significant burden on patients and health systems in Uganda. This pilot project studied the patient-related and institutional barriers to pediatric CP treatment in Uganda from the perspective of healthcare workers. Methods: An anonymous and voluntary mixed-methods survey was designed in collaboration with local healthcare professionals to describe the barriers to surgical and rehabilitation services for pediatric CP patients in Uganda. This pilot project was conducted at the Comprehensive Rehabilitation Services in Uganda (CoRSU) Hospital in Kisubi, Uganda. Participants completed a survey comprised of agreement statements evaluated using a Likert-derived 5-point scale and open-ended questions to elucidate their perspectives on the barriers limiting access to pediatric CP treatment in Uganda. Results: Patients and their caregivers are primarily responsible for the costs associated with surgical, rehabilitation, and diagnostic services, as well as medication, for children with cerebral palsy. Consequently, financial status is the greatest burden to accessing care and influences a patient’s health management compliance. Other barriers to accessing pediatric cerebral palsy treatment include transportation, material resources, caregiver’s additional responsibilities, societal barriers, and lack of awareness. Recommendations to improve access to pediatric cerebral palsy treatment are made based on the survey responses. Conclusion: This pilot study provides insight into the systemic and individual-level barriers to pediatric CP treatment in Uganda from the perspective of healthcare workers. The findings demonstrate that systemic healthcare barriers in Uganda, compounded by patient-related factors, perpetuate the high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality rates of pediatric CP in Uganda. Future clinical and policy interventions can use these findings to reduce and eliminate such barriers to accessing pediatric CP care in Uganda.
Application of randomized clinical trial data to actual practice: apixaban therapy for reduction of stroke risk in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients
Creators: name: Alpesh Amin
name: Stokes, Michael
name: Wu, Ning
name: Gatt, Elyse
name: Makenbaeva, Dinara
name: Wiederkehr, Daniel
name: Boulanger, Luke
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Science Policy

description: Clinical event rates may differ among patients treated in the real world (RW) compared to randomized controlled trials (RCTs). When translating the efficacy of new treatments to RW, the relative risk reductions (RRRs) from RCTs may produce different absolute risk reductions in RW. To estimate the absolute effect of apixaban on stroke and major bleeding (MB) rates in a RW non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) population. NVAF patients were selected during 2007–2010 from a population of U.S. commercial and Medicare health plans using the Medco claims database. Pharmacy claims were used to define warfarin exposure periods. Stroke and MB were identified using diagnosis codes. RW event rates were calculated during periods of warfarin exposure. The numbers of stroke and MB events estimated to be avoided in RW with apixaban versus warfarin were calculated by applying RRRs from the ARISTOTLE trial to RW rates from the Medco database. The Medco data did not contain information for patients receiving apixaban as it was not on the market at the time of analysis. Stroke and MB rates among RW NVAF patients during warfarin exposure were higher compared with event rates in patients treated with warfarin in ARISTOTLE (stroke: 5.29 vs. 1.51 per 100 person years (PYs); MB: 10.78 vs. 3.09 per 100 PYs). If RRRs from trials persist in RW, apixaban vs. warfarin would result in greater absolute risk reductions (ARRs) and a lower number needed to treat (NNT) in RW vs. ARISTOTLE (stroke: 91 vs. 313; MB: 30 vs. 105). The impact of apixaban, as an alternative to warfarin in RW may be greater than in RCTs. The NNT with apixaban versus warfarin in RW may be lower versus ARISTOTLE if RRRs from the trial persists in RW and if baseline stroke and MB rates among RW patients are higher compared to trial participants.
A Gedanken spacecraft that operates using the quantum vacuum (Dynamic Casimir effect)
Creators: name: Maclay, G. Jordan
name: Forward, Robert L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional rockets are not a suitable technology for deep space missions. Chemical rockets require a very large weight of propellant, travel very slowly compared to light speed, and require significant energy to maintain operation over periods of years. For example, the 722 kg Voyager spacecraft required 13,600 kg of propellant to launch and would take about 80,000 years to reach the nearest star, Proxima Centauri, about 4.3 light years away. There have been various attempts at developing ideas on which one might base a spacecraft that would permit deep space travel, such as spacewarps. In this paper we consider another suggestion from science fiction and explore how the quantum vacuum might be utilized in the creation of a novel spacecraft. The spacecraft is based on the dynamic Casimir effect, in which electromagnetic radiation is emitted when an uncharged mirror is properly accelerated in the vacuum. The radiative reaction produces a dissipative force on the mirror that tends to resist the acceleration of the mirror. This force can be used to accelerate a spacecraft attached to the mirror. We also show that, in principal, one could obtain the power to operate the accelerated mirror in such a spacecraft using energy extracted from the quantum vacuum using the standard Casimir effect witha parallel plate geometry. Unfortunately the method as currently conceived generates a miniscule thrust, and is no more practical than a spacewarp, yet it does provide an interesting demonstration of our current understanding of the physics of the quantized electromagnetic field in vacuum.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Using data management plans as a research tool for improving data services in academic libraries
Creators: name: Whitmire, Amanda
name: Rolando, Lizzy
name: Westra, Brian
name: Carlson, Jake
name: Hswe, Patricia
name: Parham, Susan Wells
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: To provide research data management (RDM) support services, libraries need to develop expertise in data curation and management within the library. Many academic libraries are reorganizing to initiate RDM service structures, but may lack staff expertise in this area. Funding agencies increasingly require a data management plan (DMP) with funding proposals; they describe how data generated in the proposed work will be managed, preserved and shared. We have developed an analytic rubric for assessing DMPs. An analysis of DMPs can identify common gaps in researcher understanding of RDM principles and practices, and identify barriers for researchers in applying best practices. Our rubric allows librarians to utilize DMPs as a research tool that can inform decisions about which research data services they should provide. This tool enables librarians who may have no direct experience in applied research or RDM to become better informed about researchers' data practices and how library services can support them. This panel will consist of five data specialists from academic libraries who will introduce the rubric, share the results of our individual analyses, and describe how the results informed the evolution of services at our respective libraries.
Vacuum Electrodynamics of Accelerated Systems: Nonlocal Maxwell's Equations
Creators: name: Mashhoon, Bahram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlocal electrodynamics of accelerated systems is discussed in connection with the development of Lorentz-invariant nonlocal field equations. Nonlocal Maxwell's equations are presented explicitly for certain linearly accelerated systems. In general, the field equations remain nonlocal even after accelerated motion has ceased.
description: LaTeX file, 23 pages, no figures, accepted for publication in Annalen der Physik
A criterion for regular sequences
Creators: name: Patil, D P
name: Storch, U
name: Stuckrad, J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $R$ be a commutative noetherian ring and $f_{1}, ..., f_{r} \in R$. In this article we give (cf. the Theorem in \S2) a criterion for $f_{1}, ..., f_{r}$ to be regular sequence for a finitely generated module over $R$ which strengthens and generalises a result in \cite{2}. As an immediate consequence we deduce that if ${\rm V}(g_{1}, ..., g_{r}) \subseteq {\rm V} (f_{1}, >..., f_{r})$ in Spec $R$ and if $f_{1}, ..., f_{r}$ is a regular sequence in $R$, then $g_{1}, ..., g_{r}$ is also a regular sequence in $R$.
description: 4 pages, no figures, no tables
Data collection today: An overview of data collections and acquisition procedures in health libraries in the South-West, Nigeria
Creators: name: Olorunsaye, Joseph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Data collections and acquisitions in the electronic age are increasingly unique globally. But the growing equity in access to data for effective information service delivery and global relevance is a serious import of this study. Therefore, the effect of current economic and political challenges in Nigeria to the community of data, and the need to bridge the gap in literature is imperative. The purpose of the study is to determine the extent to which health libraries in the South-West, Nigeria have formalized data collections and acquisitions in the electronic age and to highlight the guidelines and policies used for collection and acquisition in the electronic age as against the traditional purchasing models. And, to determine the extent of current challenges on collection development and acquisitions for improve access to relevant data. There are scores of medical/health libraries in the south west of Nigeria but the guidelines for collections and acquisitions for effective information service delivery is underdeveloped. Giving the growing importance of this study, a questionnaire and interview approach will be explored to gather data from the Sectional heads and the Medical/Health Library Directors.
T-Explainer: A Model-Agnostic Explainability Framework Based on Gradients
Creators: name: Ortigossa, Evandro S.
name: Dias, Fábio F.
name: Barr, Brian
name: Silva, Claudio T.
name: Nonato, Luis Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The development of machine learning applications has increased significantly in recent years, motivated by the remarkable ability of learning-powered systems to discover and generalize intricate patterns hidden in massive datasets. Modern learning models, while powerful, often exhibit a complexity level that renders them opaque black boxes, lacking transparency and hindering our understanding of their decision-making processes. Opacity challenges the practical application of machine learning, especially in critical domains requiring informed decisions. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) addresses that challenge, unraveling the complexity of black boxes by providing explanations. Feature attribution/importance XAI stands out for its ability to delineate the significance of input features in predictions. However, most attribution methods have limitations, such as instability, when divergent explanations result from similar or the same instance. This work introduces T-Explainer, a novel additive attribution explainer based on the Taylor expansion that offers desirable properties such as local accuracy and consistency. We demonstrate T-Explainer's effectiveness and stability over multiple runs in quantitative benchmark experiments against well-known attribution methods. Additionally, we provide several tools to evaluate and visualize explanations, turning T-Explainer into a comprehensive XAI framework.
description: Copyright 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved, including rights for text, data mining and training of artificial intelligence and similar technologies. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission. Article accepted for publication in IEEE Intelligent Systems. This author's version includes the supplementary material. Content may change prior to final publication
Tobramycin inhalation powder manufactured by improved process in cystic fibrosis: the randomized EDIT trial
Creators: name: Galeva, Ivanka
name: Konstan, Michael W.
name: Higgins, Mark
name: Angyalosi, Gerhild
name: Brockhaus, Florian
name: Piggott, Simon
name: Thomas, Karen
name: Chuchalin, Alexander G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Tobramycin inhalation powder (TIP) was reported to be effective in two Phase III studies in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) chronically infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa). The EDIT study evaluated the efficacy and safety of TIP manufactured by an improved process in CF subjects aged 6–21 years. CF patients with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) ≥25% to ≤80% predicted, positive Pa cultures and inhaled antipseudomonal therapy naïve (or at least for past 4 months) were enrolled into this double-blind, multicenter trial. Patients were randomized to receive TIP or placebo (1:1) twice daily for one treatment cycle (28.5 days on drug, 28 days off drug). The primary endpoint was relative change in FEV1 percentage predicted from baseline to day 29. A pre-specified sensitivity analysis evaluated absolute change in FEV1% predicted. Other endpoints included Pa sputum density and safety. A total of 62 patients out of a target of 100 (mean age 12.9 years, baseline FEV1 59.2% predicted, Pa sputum density 7.4 log10 colony forming units [CFU] per gram) were randomized. Mean treatment differences (TIP - placebo) were 5.9% (p = 0.148) and 4.4% (p 1% predicted respectively. TIP significantly reduced Pa sputum density by −1.2 log10 CFU (p = 0.002). Treatment with TIP was well tolerated. Relative change in FEV1% predicted with TIP treatment was in the expected range based on the literature, but did not reach statistical significance versus placebo. Placebo control and use of treatment naïve patients led to significant recruitment challenges and an underpowered study with consequent impact on the generated data. However, significant improvements in other outcomes including absolute change in FEV1% predicted and reduction in Pa sputum density indicate that TIP is efficacious and well tolerated in CF patients. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00918957.
A large-scale COVID-19 Twitter chatter dataset for open scientific research -- an international collaboration
Creators: name: Banda, Juan M.
name: Tekumalla, Ramya
name: Wang, Guanyu
name: Yu, Jingyuan
name: Liu, Tuo
name: Ding, Yuning
name: Artemova, Katya
name: Tutubalina, Elena
name: Chowell, Gerardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues its march around the world, an unprecedented amount of open data is being generated for genetics and epidemiological research. The unparalleled rate at which many research groups around the world are releasing data and publications on the ongoing pandemic is allowing other scientists to learn from local experiences and data generated in the front lines of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a need to integrate additional data sources that map and measure the role of social dynamics of such a unique world-wide event into biomedical, biological, and epidemiological analyses. For this purpose, we present a large-scale curated dataset of over 152 million tweets, growing daily, related to COVID-19 chatter generated from January 1st to April 4th at the time of writing. This open dataset will allow researchers to conduct a number of research projects relating to the emotional and mental responses to social distancing measures, the identification of sources of misinformation, and the stratified measurement of sentiment towards the pandemic in near real time.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure 2 table. Update: new version of paper with up-to-date statistics and new co-authors
Kinetic description of charmonium production in high-energy nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Polleri, Alberto
name: Renk, Thorsten
name: Schneider, Roland
name: Weise, Wolfram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of charmonia as they collide with the constituents of the fireball produced in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. The latter evolves in a manner controlled by the equation of state as given by lattice QCD, and is constructed in such a way that the observed hadronic spectra are correctly reproduced. A kinetic description of charmonium interactions with both quark-gluon and hadronic degrees of freedom allows to study in detail the evolution in different regimes, controlled by collision energy, kinematics and geometry. The data collected at the CERN-SPS accelerator are well described and new estimates for J/psi production at BNL-RHIC are presented.
description: 19 pages, LaTeX, 13 .eps figures
Analysis of the Operational Constraints of the Rice Value Chain in Ayeyarwaddy Region, Myanmar
Creators: name: Linn, Thuzar
name: Maenhout, Broos
name: Linn, Thuzar
name: Maenhout, Broos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: rice
subject: value chain
subject: constraint analysis
subject: Myanmar
subject: Ayeyarwaddy region

description: The rice industry is the most important agriculture subsector in Myanmar. However, far lower profits are gained from producing rice in Myanmar compared with those gained in other rice-producing ASEAN countries. This paper analyzes the operational constraints experienced by the different actors in the rice value chain in Myanmar. Both primary and secondary data on the rice value chain in Ayeyarwaddy Region, the main rice-growing area in Myanmar, were collected. The actors in the region suffer from constraints in material input, production, financial, distributional, and institutional. This study examines the actors’ profitability, together with their sociodemographic and operational characteristics, to provide proper policy guidelines to address constraints. The analysis revealed that the value chain in the study area is structurally inefficient, characterized by a large number of actors who face numerous constraints. Diverse policy recommendations are then put forward to improve the rice value chain in the Ayeyarwaddy Region. Stakeholders need to implement projects that would increase the quantity and quality of rice produced, ranging from input quality control to more efficient extension services. Credit and sufficient working capital should also be provided to make infrastructure investments possible at each stage of the value chain in order to improve production and profitability.
Impact of the Agri-Environmental Scheme of the Common Agricultural Policy on Agricultural Employment
Creators: name: Garrone, Maria
name: Emmers, Dorien
name: Olper, Alessandro
name: Swinnen, Johan
name: Garrone, Maria
name: Emmers, Dorien
name: Olper, Alessandro
name: Swinnen, Johan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: agricultural employment
subject: panel data analysis

description: This paper investigates the relationship between EU agricultural subsidies, including agri-environmental subsidies, and the outflow of labor from agriculture. We use more representative subsidy indicators and a wider coverage (panel data from 210 EU regions over the period 2004-2014) than has been used before. The data allow to better correct for sample selection bias than previous empirical studies. We find that, on average, CAP subsidies reduce the outflow of labor from agriculture, but the effect is almost entirely due to decoupled Pillar I payments. Coupled Pillar I payments have no impact on reducing labor outflow from agriculture, i.e. on preserving jobs in agriculture. The impact of overall Pillar II is mixed, but agri-environmental payments strongly reduce the outflow of labor from agriculture. Our estimates predict that an increase of 10 percent of the CAP budget would prevent an extra 16,000 people from leaving the EU agriculture sector each year. A 10 percent decoupling would save 13,000 agricultural jobs each year. However, the budgetary costs are large. The estimated cost exceeds € 300,000 per year (or € 25,000 per month) per job saved in agriculture.
European Research Services for Distributed Data: A Semantic Approach
Creators: name: Burghardt, Anja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Europe is struggling with societal challenges in fields such as health, migration and demographic change. For the development of tackling policy solutions on a European level innovative pan-European research is crucial. The upcoming challenges are thereby not limited to one specific discipline or European country. Consequently interdisciplinary research on a European level is necessary. For this kind of research data of different types and from multiple sources are needed. A future challenge for the European Research Community and related institutions is to build a research Infrastructure that will be able to integrate data in different forms and from multiple sources such as Data Archives, Research Data Centres, National Statistical Institutes, the corporate sector or the Internet. Thus we propose a European Research Services network equipped with semantic tools organizing multiple ontologies and data flows. This will improve the European Research infrastructure and allow researchers to make use of relational information and data. This will bring the research experience to a new level and ensuing research to its best. This talk will focus on the harmonization of data access forms, data styles, distributed sources, data documentation and possible other necessary information through a semantic model approach.
RekoTi-Wiki - Ressourcenplan kommunaler Tiefbau
Creators: name: Flamme, Sabine
name: Heimbecher, Frank
name: Weßelborg, Hans-Hermann
name: Buttgereit, Alexander
name: Stücker, Günter
name: Stöckner, Markus
name: Holldorb, Christian
name: König, Markus
name: Venneklaas, Hannes
name: Heitmann, Manuel
name: Klöckner, Henning
name: Struck, Franziska
name: Stretz, Celestin Julian
name: Tammen, Lukas
name: Schönauer, Thomas
name: Ebbers, Hendrik
name: Block, Marlena
name: Maibaum, Jonas
name: Wachsmann, Amina
name: Fischert, Nadine
name: Köttendorf, Benjamin
name: Koordt, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Der Abbau von 570 Millionen Tonnen mineralischer Naturstoffe wie Kies und Sand pro Jahr in Deutschland hat erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die Landfläche. Täglich gehen etwa 4,5 Hektar Land verloren, was einer Fläche von etwa sechs Fußballfeldern entspricht. Gleichzeitig besteht ein dringender Bedarf an hochwertigen Lösungen für die Verwertung der jährlich anfallenden 219 Millionen Tonnen Bauabfälle, die sowohl den Hochbau als auch den kommunalen Tiefbau betreffen.

Um diese Herausforderungen anzugehen, haben Wissenschaftler*innen der Fachhochschule Münster, der Hochschule Karlsruhe und der Ruhr Universität Bochum in Zusammenarbeit mit Unternehmen wie der Hermann Dallmann Straßen- und Tiefbau GmbH & Co. KG, dem Ingenieurbüro Thomas & Bökamp Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH und dem Amt für Mobilität und Tiefbau der Stadt Münster ein dreijähriges Verbundprojekt namens "RekoTi - Ressourcenplan kommunaler Tiefbau" ins Leben gerufen. Dieses Projekt, das im Februar 2021 gestartet wurde, zielt darauf ab, praxisnahe Lösungsansätze zu entwickeln und wird vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung finanziell unterstützt.
Neutron scattering study of the effects of dopant disorder on the superconductivity and magnetic order in stage-4 La_2CuO_{4+y}
Creators: name: Lee, Y. S.
name: Chou, F. C.
name: Tewary, A.
name: Kastner, M. A.
name: Lee, S. H.
name: Birgeneau, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report neutron scattering measurements of the structure and magnetism of stage-4 La_2CuO_{4+y} with T_c ~42 K. Our diffraction results on a single crystal sample demonstrate that the excess oxygen dopants form a three-dimensional ordered superlattice within the interstitial regions of the crystal. The oxygen superlattice becomes disordered above T ~ 330 K, and a fast rate of cooling can freeze-in the disordered-oxygen state. Hence, by controlling the cooling rate, the degree of dopant disorder in our La_2CuO_{4+y} crystal can be varied. We find that a higher degree of quenched disorder reduces T_c by ~ 5 K relative to the ordered-oxygen state. At the same time, the quenched disorder enhances the spin density wave order in a manner analogous to the effects of an applied magnetic field.
description: 4 figures included in text; submitted to PRB
A scoping review of transfer learning research on medical image analysis using ImageNet
Creators: name: Morid, Mohammad Amin
name: Borjali, Alireza
name: Del Fiol, Guilherme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objective: Employing transfer learning (TL) with convolutional neural networks (CNNs), well-trained on non-medical ImageNet dataset, has shown promising results for medical image analysis in recent years. We aimed to conduct a scoping review to identify these studies and summarize their characteristics in terms of the problem description, input, methodology, and outcome. Materials and Methods: To identify relevant studies, MEDLINE, IEEE, and ACM digital library were searched. Two investigators independently reviewed articles to determine eligibility and to extract data according to a study protocol defined a priori. Results: After screening of 8,421 articles, 102 met the inclusion criteria. Of 22 anatomical areas, eye (18%), breast (14%), and brain (12%) were the most commonly studied. Data augmentation was performed in 72% of fine-tuning TL studies versus 15% of the feature-extracting TL studies. Inception models were the most commonly used in breast related studies (50%), while VGGNet was the common in eye (44%), skin (50%) and tooth (57%) studies. AlexNet for brain (42%) and DenseNet for lung studies (38%) were the most frequently used models. Inception models were the most frequently used for studies that analyzed ultrasound (55%), endoscopy (57%), and skeletal system X-rays (57%). VGGNet was the most common for fundus (42%) and optical coherence tomography images (50%). AlexNet was the most frequent model for brain MRIs (36%) and breast X-Rays (50%). 35% of the studies compared their model with other well-trained CNN models and 33% of them provided visualization for interpretation. Discussion: This study identified the most prevalent tracks of implementation in the literature for data preparation, methodology selection and output evaluation for medical image analysis. Also, we identified several critical research gaps existing in the TL studies on medical image analysis.
From being an archive to becoming an archive
Creators: name: Fink, Anne Sofie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: From being an archive to becoming an archive Since 1993 Danish Data Archive (DDA) has been part of the National Archive in Denmark. The DDA has been working as a (small) European style data archivenbsp;- acquiring, curating and disseminating survey data produced by social sciencenbsp;- as an organisational, independent unit. May 2014 the National Archive implemented a new organisational strategy with the aim of specialising activities across the whole organisation. This means that acquisition, curation, dissemination and software development is now carried out across administrative data and research data by four organisational separate units. Therefore the data archive needs to become a new kind of archive. At the moment we are standing in the middle of this implementation of new ways of working. The unit for data dissemination services for administrative data and research data has kept the name DDA and has taken on the responsibility for our international activities including being service provider for CESSDA ERIC, DDI-L based software development and taking part in DDI Alliance. The presentation will outline the challenges and risks in the process of change and point to new ways of becoming an archive in a new context.
The cosmic background: evolution of infrared galaxies and dust properties. A lecture dedicated to the memory of Mayo Greenberg
Creators: name: Puget, Jean-Loup
name: Lagache, Guilaine
name: Dole, Herve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years it became clear that a population of galaxies radiating most of their power in the far-infrared contribute an important part of the whole star formation activity in the universe. These galaxies emit up to 99% of their energy output in the infrared by dust. The optical properties of dust in galaxies are thus very important to understand this population. Mayo Greenberg who has brought many of the ideas underlying our understanding of the physics of interstellar dust has been a pioneer in predicting the important role of organic solid material formed on dust grains in molecular clouds and of potential importance of transient heating of very small particles. It appeared with the ISO data on galaxies and even more today with the first Spitzer data that these mechanisms are important globally for the observations of infrared galaxies at significant redshifts. The understanding of their evolution is one of the keys to the understanding of galaxy built up and evolution.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the conference "Penetrating Bars through Masks of Cosmic Dust: The Hubble Tuning Fork strikes a New Note" held June 7-12th, 2004 in Pilanesberg National Park, South Africa
Recycled ADMM: Improving the Privacy and Accuracy of Distributed Algorithms
Creators: name: Zhang, Xueru
name: Khalili, Mohammad Mahdi
name: Liu, Mingyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM) is a powerful method to solve decentralized convex optimization problems. In distributed settings, each node performs computation with its local data and the local results are exchanged among neighboring nodes in an iterative fashion. During this iterative process the leakage of data privacy arises and can accumulate significantly over many iterations, making it difficult to balance the privacy-accuracy tradeoff. We propose Recycled ADMM (R-ADMM), where a linear approximation is applied to every even iteration, its solution directly calculated using only results from the previous, odd iteration. It turns out that under such a scheme, half of the updates incur no privacy loss and require much less computation compared to the conventional ADMM. Moreover, R-ADMM can be further modified (MR-ADMM) such that each node independently determines its own penalty parameter over iterations. We obtain a sufficient condition for the convergence of both algorithms and provide the privacy analysis based on objective perturbation. It can be shown that the privacy-accuracy tradeoff can be improved significantly compared with conventional ADMM.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1810.03197
Inference for bounded parameters
Creators: name: Fraser, D. A. S.
name: Reid, N.
name: Wong, A. C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The estimation of signal frequency count in the presence of background noise has had much discussion in the recent physics literature, and Mandelkern [1] brings the central issues to the statistical community, leading in turn to extensive discussion by statisticians. The primary focus however in [1] and the accompanying discussion is on the construction of a confidence interval. We argue that the likelihood function and $p$-value function provide a comprehensive presentation of the information available from the model and the data. This is illustrated for Gaussian and Poisson models with lower bounds for the mean parameter.
Perfect one-dimensional chiral states in biased twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Tsim, Bonnie
name: Nam, Nguyen N. T.
name: Koshino, Mikito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the electronic structure of small-angle twisted bilayer graphene with a large potential asymmetry between the top and bottom layers. We show that the emergent helical states known to appear on the triangular AB-BA domain boundary do not actually form a percolating network, but instead they provide independent, perfect one-dimensional channels propagating in three different directions. Using the continuum-model Hamiltonian, we demonstrate that an applied bias causes two well-defined energy windows which contain sparsely distributed one-dimensional channels. The origin of these energy windows can be understood using a two-band model of the intersecting electron and hole bands of single layer graphene. We also use the tight-binding model to implement the lattice deformations in twisted bilayer graphene, and discuss the effect of lattice relaxation on the one-dimensional channels.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Rigorous Theory of the Thin Vapor Layers Optical Properties: The Case of Specular Reflection of Atoms Colliding with the Walls
Creators: name: Ermolaev, A. V.
name: Vartanyan, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory of the thin vapor layers linear optical properties is presented for the case of specular reflection of atoms colliding with the walls. The effects of light absorption and the shift in the resonance frequency are taken into account by means of self-consistent calculation of the field and polarization in a gaseous medium. The obtained formulas reproduce the complex dependence of the spectral line profile on the gas layer thickness and allow one to determine numerically the exact values of the blueshift.
From abstract items to latent spaces to observed data and back: Compositional Variational Auto-Encoder
Creators: name: Berger, Victor
name: Sebag, Michèle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Conditional Generative Models are now acknowledged an essential tool in Machine Learning. This paper focuses on their control. While many approaches aim at disentangling the data through the coordinate-wise control of their latent representations, another direction is explored in this paper. The proposed CompVAE handles data with a natural multi-ensemblist structure (i.e. that can naturally be decomposed into elements). Derived from Bayesian variational principles, CompVAE learns a latent representation leveraging both observational and symbolic information. A first contribution of the approach is that this latent representation supports a compositional generative model, amenable to multi-ensemblist operations (addition or subtraction of elements in the composition). This compositional ability is enabled by the invariance and generality of the whole framework w.r.t. respectively, the order and number of the elements. The second contribution of the paper is a proof of concept on synthetic 1D and 2D problems, demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed approach.
Relationship between background cancer pain, breakthrough pain, and analgesic treatment: a preliminary study for a better interpretation of epidemiological and clinical studies
Creators: name: Mercadante, Sebastiano
name: Valle, Alessandro
name: Porzio, Giampiero
name: Aielli, Federica
name: Adile, Claudio
name: Ficorella, Corrado
name: Raineri, Maurizio
name: Giarratano, Antonino
name: Casuccio, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: The different operational definitions of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP) has generated unclear epidemiological data. A consecutive sample of patients was categorized on the basis of their background pain intensity, background analgesic treatment, and the presence of BTcP. A total of 265 patients were surveyed; 117 patients had background pain and 91 patients presented peaks of pain intensity distinguishable from background pain. Of 117 patients with background pain, 49 patients were re-assessed after optimization of background analgesia (T1) within a mean of 8.2 days. Pain intensity significantly decreased in comparison with values recorded at admission (p p p p = 0.016). After optimization of analgesic therapy, most patients with moderate or severe background pain receiving opioids for moderate pain, patients with moderate or severe pain receiving strong opioids, and patients with moderate or severe pain receiving no opioids moved to the group of patients with mild pain receiving strong opioids. The difference was significant (p = 0.022). Patients having good pain control after optimization of the analgesic regimen may have a decrease in number, intensity, and duration of BTcP, although the general prevalence of BTcP remains unchanged.
Interlinkages in Agro Supply Chains: An Empirical Investigation on Joint Socio-knowledge Development
Creators: name: Shankaranarayanan, Avinash
name: Nguyen, Manh Hung
name: Amaldas, Christine
name: Amaldas, Marystella
name: Watts, Sean
name: Hyde, Peter
name: Shankaranarayanan, Avinash
name: Nguyen, Manh Hung
name: Amaldas, Christine
name: Amaldas, Marystella
name: Watts, Sean
name: Hyde, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: agriculture
subject: joint knowledge development
subject: supply chain information exchange
subject: supply chain management
subject: Vietnam

description: This paper examines the importance of information exchange in achieving efficient and collaborative supply chain best practices in Vietnamese agricultural industries. The study argues that joint knowledge development can be regarded as complementary assets to leverage supply chain information exchange (SCIE) and performance. This study used a resource-based view in its analysis. It employed statistical tests on a dataset consisting of 85 agricultural businesses in Vietnam, which was collected from a sample of 600 companies. The empirical results confirmed a strong association between a manufacturing fi rm’s information exchange and its joint knowledge development. Joint knowledge development has a mediating role in the supply chain such that SCIE can be attained. Accordingly, SCIE improves supply chain satisfaction and the operational and financial outcomes of SCIE characteristics. These findings are important for agricultural businesses that have to stretch their resources to accommodate their needs in executing sustainable agricultural strategies. In the future, researchers could conduct a longitudinal study and examine how SCIE evolves. A comparison of SCIEs between developed and developing economies could likewise be a noteworthy endeavor. This study opens up new research avenues in SCIE and suggests directions for future research and practice by exploring the conditions where SCIE can help to improve the performance of socio-knowledge development in agro supply chains.
Study of color connections in $e^+ e^-$ annihilation
Creators: name: Shao, Feng-lan
name: Xie, Qu-bing
name: Li, Shi-yuan
name: Wang, Qun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We replace in the event generator JETSET the color singlet chain connection with the color separate state one as the interface between the hard and soft sectors of hadronic processes. The modified generator is applied to produce the hadronic events in $e^+ e^-$ annihilation. It describes the experimental data at the same level as the original JETSET with default parameters. This should be understood as a demonstration that color singlet chain is not the unique color connection. We also search for the difference in special sets of three-jet events arising from different color connections, which could subject to further experimental test.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, Revtex4
Outfitting Architecture : A Clothing Inspired Approach to Adaptability
Creators: name: Maguire, Abbey
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Buildings are constantly impacted by changes in their surroundings, from their occupants, to the weather, and longer term climatic changes. Traditional approaches to building design often overlook the need for adaptability and responsiveness to these changing conditions. In order to address this, I turned to a well-tested precedent for designing for adaptability: clothing. Clothing changes rapidly, constantly adapting to meet the needs of the wearer. Inspired by the flexibility and adaptability of clothing, this design project explores how we can re-dress existing buildings to respond to the changing needs of their occupants and their surrounding environment. Ultimately, the project seeks to create a more sustainable and comfortable built environment by challenging the fixed nature of architecture and encouraging a new approach that prioritizes adaptability and responsiveness.