cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cheilotrypa strunica Tolokonnikova, Song & Zong, 2025, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Tolokonnikova, Zoya A.
name: Song, Junjun
name: Zong, Ruiwen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Bryozoa
Stenolaemata
Cystoporida
Fistuliporidae
Cheilotrypa
Cheilotrypa strunica

description: Cheilotrypa strunica sp. nov.
(Fig. 3E–G, Table 2)
Holotype. CNIGR museum № 1/13031; Bulongguoer section, upper member of the Hongguleleng Formation, Devonian (uppermost Famennian); Xinjiang, China.
Additional material. CNIGR museum № 2/13031, 3/13031, 4/13031, 5/13031, 6/13031, 7/13031, 8/13031, 9/13031, 10/13031, 11/13031; same details as for the holotype.
Etymology. The species name refers to the Strunian age of the deposits, in which bryozoans were found.
Diagnosis. Colony delicately branched with a hollow axis, which has sinuous shape. Six rows of autozooecia are arranged around the axial hollow. Single autozooecial diaphragms in exozone. Autozooecial apertures oval with proximal overhangs. Rare vesicles.
Description. Colony delicately branched with a hollow axis, which has a sinuous shape. Six rows of autozooecia are arranged around the axial hollow. Autozooecial walls 0.01 mm thick in endozones and thickened to 0.04–0.06 mm in exozone. Single autozooecial diaphragms present in exozones. Autozooecial apertures oval with proximal overhangs (Fig. 3E, G). Rare small vesicles in exozones, polygonal in deep tangential section, incompletely isolating autozooecia. Colony surface between apertures covered with thick layer of calcitic material, 0.06–0.10 mm in thickness. Lunaria usually poorly developed, 0.04–0.06 mm in length and 0.08–0.10 mm in width.
Remarks. Cheilotrypa strunica sp. nov. differs from C. kurganica Tolokonnikova, 2012 from the Uppermost Famennian of Kurgan area, Russia, in the lower number of rows of autozooecia surrounding the axial hollow (6 vs 7–8 in C. kurganica), and in having smaller vesicles (0.06–0.08 mm vs 0.10–0.12 mm in C. kurganica).Additionally, the presence of proximal overhangs beneath the autozooecial apertures is unique to this species, further setting it apart from other members of the genus Cheilotrypa.
Stratigraphical and geographical distribution. Upper member of the Hongguleleng Formation, Devonian (uppermost Famennian); Xinjiang, China.
description: Published as part of Tolokonnikova, Zoya A., Song, Junjun & Zong, Ruiwen, 2025, New latest Famennian (Late Devonian) cystoporate bryozoans from the Bulongguoer section, northwest Xinjiang, China, pp. 367-376 in Zootaxa 5594 (2) on page 372, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5594.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/14954422
Unveiling the phase diagram of a bond-alternating spin-$\frac12$ $K$-$Γ$ chain
Creators: name: Luo, Qiang
name: Zhao, Jize
name: Wang, Xiaoqun
name: Kee, Hae-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The key to unraveling intriguing phenomena observed in various Kitaev materials lies in understanding the interplay of Kitaev ($K$) interaction and a symmetric off-diagonal $Γ$ interaction. To provide insight into the challenging problems, we study the quantum phase diagram of a bond-alternating spin-$1/2$ $g_x$-$g_y$ $K$-$Γ$ chain by density-matrix renormalization group method where $g_x$ and $g_y$ are the bond strengths of the odd and even bonds, respectively. The phase diagram is dominated by even-Haldane ($g_x > g_y$) and odd-Haldane ($g_x < g_y$) phases where the former is topologically trivial while the latter is a symmetry-protected topological phase. Near the antiferromagnetic Kitaev limit, there are two gapped $A_x$ and $A_y$ phases characterized by distinct nonlocal string correlators. In contrast, the isotropic ferromagnetic (FM) Kitaev point serves as a multicritical point where two topological phase transitions meet. The remaining part of the phase diagram contains three symmetry-breaking magnetic phases. One is a six-fold degenerate FM$_{U_6}$ phase where all the spins are parallel to one of the $\pm \hat{x}$, $\pm \hat{y}$, and $\pm \hat{z}$ axes in a six-site spin rotated basis, while the other two have more complex spin structures with all the three spin components being finite. Existence of a rank-2 spin-nematic ordering in the latter is also discussed.
description: 12+4 pages, 14+4 figures. For a subsequent spin-1 analogy, see arXiv:2104.10725
A Stringy Wave Function for an S^3 Cosmology
Creators: name: Gukov, Sergei
name: Saraikin, Kirill
name: Vafa, Cumrun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the recent observations of the relation between Hartle-Hawking wave function and topological string partition function, we propose a wave function for scalar metric fluctuations on S^3 embedded in a Calabi-Yau. This problem maps to a study of non-critical bosonic string propagating on a circle at the self-dual radius. This can be viewed as a stringy toy model for a quantum cosmology.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures, harvmac
Inclusive Gluon Production In High Energy Onium-Onium Scattering
Creators: name: Kovchegov, Yuri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the inclusive single-gluon production cross section in high energy onium-onium scattering including pomeron loop effects. The resulting inclusive cross section is given by the k_T-factorization formula with one of the unintegrated gluon distribution functions depending on the total onium-onium scattering cross section, which includes all pomeron loops and has to be found independently. We discuss the limits of applicability of our result and argue that they are given by the limits of applicability of pomeron loop resummation approach. Since the obtained k_T-factorization formula is infrared divergent we conclude that, in order to consistently calculate the (infrared-finite) gluon production cross section in onium-onium scattering, one has to include corrections going beyond the pomeron loop approximation.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures; v2: version accepted to Phys. Rev. D, minor corrections included
Investigating a Class of $2\otimes2\otimes d$ Chessboard Density Matrices via Linear and Non-linear Entanglement Witnesses Constructed by Exact Convex Optimization
Creators: name: Jafarizadeh, M. A.
name: Akbari, Y.
name: Aghayar, K.
name: Heshmati, A.
name: Mahdian, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we consider a class of $2\otimes2\otimes d$ chessboard density matrices starting with three-qubit ones which have positive partial transposes with respect to all subsystems. To investigate the entanglement of these density matrices, we use the entanglement witness approach. For constructing entanglement witnesses (EWs) detecting these density matrices, we attempt to convert the problem to an exact convex optimization problem. To this aim, we map the convex set of separable states into a convex region, named feasible region, and consider cases that the exact geometrical shape of feasible region can be obtained. In this way, various linear and non-linear EWs are constructed. The optimality and decomposability of some of introduced EWs are also considered. Furthermore, the detection of the density matrices by introduced EWs are discussed analytically and numerically. {\bf Keywords: chessboard density matrices, optimal non-linear entanglement witnesses, convex optimization} {\bf PACs Index: 03.65.Ud}
description: 35 pages, 1 figures
Glomerular diseases after immune checkpoint inhibitors use: What do We know so far?
Creators: name: He, Xue
name: Liu, Fei
name: Jin, Yanyan
name: Fu, Haidong
name: Mao, Jianhua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: The research and application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have enormously promoted the progression of tumor treatment. Gradual implementation of ICIs in clinical practice is largely limited as they exert uncontrolled collateral effects on the immune system, such as immune-related adverse events (irAEs); this includes rarely reported glomerular diseases. This study aimed to describe the clinical and pathological manifestation of ICIs-induced glomerular diseases and focused on the mechanism and therapeutic strategy for glomerular diseases associated with ICIs. The data of 53 patients with glomerular diseases related to ICIs were retrieved from the PubMed database. The most frequently reported ICIs-related glomerular diseases were pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (28.3%), podocytopathies (26.4%), and immune-complex glomerulonephritis (18.9%). Moreover, anti-PD1 antibodies were the most commonly used ICIs (71.4%). Most patients receiving ICIs discontinued the treatment (89.4%) and were initiated with steroids (87.2%). Rituximab was also useful in the treatment, especially for renal vasculitis. Rechallenging ICIs could be considered for cancer progression or as salvage therapy, where rechallenging ICI therapy with steroids may be beneficial. We believe the treatment should be personalized based on the degree of renal pathology, serum creatinine (Scr), and tumor progression to obtain a good prognosis.
A Physics-Informed Deep Learning Paradigm for Car-Following Models
Creators: name: Mo, Zhaobin
name: Di, Xuan
name: Shi, Rongye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Car-following behavior has been extensively studied using physics-based models, such as the Intelligent Driver Model. These models successfully interpret traffic phenomena observed in the real-world but may not fully capture the complex cognitive process of driving. Deep learning models, on the other hand, have demonstrated their power in capturing observed traffic phenomena but require a large amount of driving data to train. This paper aims to develop a family of neural network based car-following models that are informed by physics-based models, which leverage the advantage of both physics-based (being data-efficient and interpretable) and deep learning based (being generalizable) models. We design physics-informed deep learning car-following (PIDL-CF) architectures encoded with two popular physics-based models - IDM and OVM, on which acceleration is predicted for four traffic regimes: acceleration, deceleration, cruising, and emergency braking. Two types of PIDL-CFM problems are studied, one to predict acceleration only and the other to jointly predict acceleration and discover model parameters. We also demonstrate the superior performance of PIDL with the Next Generation SIMulation (NGSIM) dataset over baselines, especially when the training data is sparse. The results demonstrate the superior performance of neural networks informed by physics over those without. The developed PIDL-CF framework holds the potential for system identification of driving models and for the development of driving-based controls for automated vehicles.
The Shrinking Gains from Trade: A Critical Assessment of Doha Round Projections
Creators: name: Ackerman, Frank
name: Ackerman, Frank
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Computable general equilibrium (CGE) models of world trade, often presented as demonstrating the benefits of trade liberalization, now make much more modest forecasts than they did just a few years ago. The estimated benefits are not only small in the aggregate, but also skewed toward developed countries; the expected contribution of trade liberalization to economic development and poverty alleviation is extremely limited. Related calculations, for the expected benefits of services liberalization, trade facilitation measures, and long-term productivity gains from trade liberalization, remain problematical and/or speculative. The empirical limitations of CGE forecasts rest on broader theoretical weaknesses: the models are largely locked within a static framework, and remarkably assume that trade policy causes no changes in total employment, up or down. Models built on more adequate theories, which have only begun to appear, would paint a very different picture of the effects of trade liberalization.
Physics Reach of High-Energy and High-Statistics IceCube Atmospheric Neutrino Data
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
name: Halzen, F.
name: Maltoni, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates the physics reach of the IceCube neutrino detector when it will have collected a data set of order one million atmospheric neutrinos with energies in the 0.1 \sim 10^4 TeV range. The paper consists of three parts. We first demonstrate how to simulate the detector performance using relatively simple analytic methods. Because of the high energies of the neutrinos, their oscillations, propagation in the Earth and regeneration due to τdecay must be treated in a coherent way. We set up the formalism to do this and discuss the implications. In a final section we apply the methods developed to evaluate the potential of IceCube to study new physics beyond neutrino oscillations. Not surprisingly, because of the increased energy and statistics over present experiments, existing bounds on violations of the equivalence principle and of Lorentz invariance can be improved by over two orders of magnitude. The methods developed can be readily applied to other non-conventional physics associated with neutrinos.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, Revtex4
Spectrum of Cuscuton Bounce
Creators: name: Kim, J. Leo
name: Geshnizjani, Ghazal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently shown that a cosmological bounce model based on Cuscuton gravity does not have any ghosts or curvature instabilities. We explore whether Cuscuton bounce can provide an alternative to inflation for generating near scale-invariant scalar perturbations. While a single field Cuscuton bounce generically produces a strongly blue power spectrum (for a variety of initial/boundary conditions), we demonstrate that scale invariant entropy modes can be generated in a spectator field that starts in adiabatic vacuum, and is kinetically coupled to the primary field. Furthermore, our solution has no singularity, nor requires an ad hoc matching condition. We also study the generation of tensor modes (or gravitational waves) in Cuscuton bounce and show that while they are stable, similar to other bounce models, the produced spectrum is strongly blue and unobservable.
description: Version matches JCAP publication
Probing anomalous quartic $γγγγ$ couplings in light-by-light collisions at the CLIC
Creators: name: İnan, S. C.
name: Kisselev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anomalous quartic neutral couplings of the $γγγγ$ vertex in a polarized light-by-light scattering of the Compton backscattered photons at the CLIC are examined. Both differential and total cross sections are calculated for $e^+e^-$ collision energies 1500 GeV and 3000 GeV. The helicity of the initial electron beams is taken to be $\pm\,0.8$. The unpolarized and SM cross sections for the same values of helicities are also estimated. The 95\% C.L. exclusion limits on two anomalous photon couplings $ζ_1$ and $ζ_2$ are calculated. The best bounds on these couplings are found to be $6.85 \times 10^{-16} \mathrm{\ GeV}^{-4}$ and $1.43 \times 10^{-15} \mathrm{\ GeV}^{-4}$, respectively. The results are compared with the exclusion bounds obtained previously for the LHC and HL-LHC. It is shown that the light-by-light scattering at the CLIC, especially the polarized, has a greater potential to search for the anomalous quartic neutral couplings of the $γγγγ$ vertex.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. Figures 2-11 are combined as 2-7, tables 2-6 are combined as tables 2-3. Equation (16) is corrected, equations (17), (18), and one reference are added. Abstract is corrected. Version accepted for publication in EPJ C
Self-consistent 3D Supernova Models From -7 Minutes to +7 Seconds: a 1-bethe Explosion of a ~19 Solar-mass Progenitor
Creators: name: Bollig, R.
name: Yadav, N.
name: Kresse, D.
name: Janka, H. -Th.
name: Mueller, B.
name: Heger, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To date, modern three-dimensional (3D) supernova (SN) simulations have not demonstrated that explosion energies of 10^{51} erg (=1 bethe = 1B) or more are possible for neutrino-driven SNe of non/slow-rotating M < 20 solar-mass progenitors. We present the first such model, considering a non-rotating, solar-metallicity 18.88 solar-mass progenitor, whose final 7 minutes of convective oxygen-shell burning were simulated in 3D and showed a violent oxygen-neon shell merger prior to collapse. A large set of 3D SN-models was computed with the Prometheus-Vertex code, whose improved convergence of the two-moment equations with Boltzmann closure allows now to fully exploit the implicit neutrino-transport treatment. Nuclear burning is treated with a 23-species network. We vary the angular grid resolution and consider different nuclear equations of state and muon formation in the proto-neutron star (PNS), which requires six-species transport with coupling of all neutrino flavors across all energy-momentum groups. Elaborate neutrino transport was applied until ~2 seconds after bounce. In one case the simulation was continued to >7 seconds with an approximate treatment of neutrino effects that allows for seamless continuation without transients. A spherically symmetric neutrino-driven wind does not develop. Instead, accretion downflows to the PNS and outflows of neutrino-heated matter establish a monotonic rise of the explosion energy until ~7 seconds post bounce, when the outgoing shock reaches about 50,000 km and enters the He-layer. The converged value of the explosion energy at infinity (with overburden subtracted) is roughly 1B and the ejected 56Ni mass up to 0.087 solar masses, both within a few 10 percent of the SN 1987A values. The final NS mass and kick are about 1.65 solar masses and over 450 km/s, respectively.
description: 29 pages, 17 figures, 1 table, 3 appendices; considerably extended due to comments by referee and readers; accepted by ApJ
NEW AND NOTEWORTHY IN NUTRITION - Issue 36, January 1, 2002
Creators: name: Gillespie, Stuart
name: Gillespie, Stuart
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Headlines: Fanatics or Food?; HIV/AIDS; Human Rights; Success story; Nutrition and Care; Micronutrients; Fetal Futures; Nutrition in Transition; Policy; Bulletin Board.
Mineral and bone disorder and longterm survival in a chronic kidney disease grade 3b-4cohort
Creators: name: Rios, Pablo
name: Silvariño, Ricardo
name: Sola, Laura
name: Ferreiro, Alejandro
name: Lamadrid, Verónica
name: Fajardo, Laura
name: Gadola, Liliana
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Mineral and bone disorder biomarkers ‘normal ranges’ are controversial. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between serum calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and 25(OH) vitamin D levels and mortality risk, in a chronic kidney disease (CKD) grade (G) 3b-4 cohort. The Uruguayan National Renal Healthcare Program (NRHP-UY) CKD patients’ cohort, included between 1 October 2004 and 1 March 2020 and followed-up until 1 March 2021, was analyzed with the Ethics Committee approval. A total of 6473 patients were analyzed: 56% men, median age 73 (65–79) years, 55% on CKD G3b. At the end of the follow-up, 2459 (37.7%) patients had died (6.4/100 patient–year). There were iPTH data on 2013 patients (younger, with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and lesser comorbidities). By bivariate Cox analysis the lowest death risk was observed with mean Ca between 9.01 and 10.25 mg/dl, P between 2.76 and 4.0 mg/dl, iPTH ≤ 105 pg/ml, and 25(OH) vitamin D >10 ng/ml. The multivariate Cox regression mortality risk adjusted to age, sex, CKD etiology, diabetes, smoking, cardiovascular comorbidity, blood pressure, proteinuria, eGFR, renin-angiotensin system blockers and vitamin D treatments, serum Ca, P, iPTH, and 25(OH) vitamin D (n = 964) showed that a higher mortality risk was associated with p > 4.00 mg/dl (HR 1.668, CI 95%: 1.201–2.317), iPTH >105 pg/ml (HR 1.386, CI 95%: 1.012–1.989), and 25(OH) vitamin D ≤ 10 ng/ml (HR 1.958, CI 95%: 1.238–3.098) and a lower mortality risk with 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D treatment (HR 0.639, CI 95%: 0.451–0.906). These data may contribute to the precise G3b-4 CKD-MBD biomarkers levels definition.
Crossover from Conserving to Lossy Transport in Circular Random Matrix Ensembles
Creators: name: Simon, Steven H.
name: Moustakas, Aris L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a quantum dot with three leads the transmission matrix t_{12} between two of these leads is a truncation of a unitary scattering matrix S, which we treat as random. As the number of channels in the third lead is increased, the constraints from the symmetry of S become less stringent and t_{12} becomes closer to a matrix of complex Gaussian random numbers with no constraints. We consider the distribution of the singular values of t_{12}, which is related to a number of physical quantities. Changing the number of channels in the third lead corresponds to increasing the amount of loss in the system (and is distinct from prior uses of a third lead to model dephasing).
NEW AND NOTEWORTHY IN NUTRITION - Issue 39, January 31, 2003
Creators: name: Gillespie, Stuart
name: Gillespie, Stuart
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Table of Contents: Famine; HIV/AIDS; Food security, hunger & politics; Micronutrients; Child survival, growth & development; Obesity; The back page.
New radio halos and relics in clusters of galaxies
Creators: name: Giovannini, G.
name: Feretti, L.
name: Govoni, F.
name: Murgia, M.
name: Pizzo, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here new images of relics and halo sources in rich cluster of galaxies and the correlation between the halo radio surface brightness versus the cluster bolometric X-ray luminosity.
description: 2 pages, 4 figures. To appear in the Proceedings of the International Conference: "The Origin and Evolution of Cosmic Magnetism"; Bologna 29 August - 2 September 2005; eds R. Beck, G. Brunetti, L. Feretti, and B. Gaensler (Astronomische Nachrichten, 2006)
A minimal model for synaptic integration in simple neurons
Creators: name: Alva, Adrian Joseph
name: Singh, Harjinder
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Synaptic integration is a prominent aspect of neuronal information processing. The detailed mechanisms that modulate synaptic inputs determine the computational properties of any given neuron. We study a simple model for the summation of excitatory inputs from synapses and illustrate its use by characterizing some functional properties of postsynaptic neurons. In this regard, we study the response of postsynaptic neurons as defined by the model to two well known noise driven processes: stochastic and coherence resonance. The model requires a small number of parameters and is especially useful to isolate the role of integration mechanisms that rely on summation of inputs with little dendritic processing.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures
NEW AND NOTEWORTHY IN NUTRITION - Issue 37, May 20, 2002
Creators: name: Gillespie, Stuart
name: Gillespie, Stuart
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Headlines: Famine in Southern Africa; World Summit News; HIV/AIDS; Obesity; Gender; Child Growth and Development; Micronutrients; Capacity Development; The Back Page.
The effect of pre-exercise glucose ingestion on performance during prolonged swimming
Creators: name: Smith, Gareth James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to determine if pre-exercise glucose ingestion would improve 4000m swimming performance. Additionally, glucose was provided at two different feeding intervals to determine the influence of timing. Ten male triathletes ( X ±SD: age 29.5±5.0, V₂max 3.74±0.10 L.min⁻¹) swam 4000m on three occasions following the consumption of either: 1. a 10% glucose solution 5-min prior to exercise (G⁵), 2. a 10% glucose solution 30-min prior to exercise (G³⁵), 3. a similar volume of placebo (PL). Dietary intake and exercise were regulated for 48 hours prior to each trial. Despite a significant difference (p<0.001) in blood glucose concentration prior to exercise ( X ±SD in mmol.L⁻¹: G³⁵ 8.4±1.1, G⁵ 5.2±0.5, PI 5.3+0.4), no significant differences were observed in total time ( X±SD in minutes: G³⁵ 70.7±7.6, G⁵ 70.1±7.6, PI 71.9±8.4min), post-exercise blood glucose ( X +SD in mmol.L⁻¹: G³⁵ 5.1+ 1.1, G⁵ 5.1± 0.9, PI 5.3± 0.4), and average heart rate ( X ±SD in bpm: G³⁵ 155.8 ±10.8, G⁵ 153.6 ±12.6, PI 152.0 ±12.5) (p>0.05). The results of this study indicate that despite a greater reliance on carbohydrate with this mode of exercise, there was no significant improvement in performance following glucose ingestion. The data further indicates that no decrements to performance were observed following the ingestion of a high glycemic solution thirty-five minutes prior to exercise, despite significant differences in blood glucose between trials immediately prior to exercise.
Iteration of Planar Amplitudes in Maximally Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory at Three Loops and Beyond
Creators: name: Bern, Zvi
name: Dixon, Lance J.
name: Smirnov, Vladimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the leading-color (planar) three-loop four-point amplitude of N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in 4 - 2 epsilon dimensions, as a Laurent expansion about epsilon = 0 including the finite terms. The amplitude was constructed previously via the unitarity method, in terms of two Feynman loop integrals, one of which has been evaluated already. Here we use the Mellin-Barnes integration technique to evaluate the Laurent expansion of the second integral. Strikingly, the amplitude is expressible, through the finite terms, in terms of the corresponding one- and two-loop amplitudes, which provides strong evidence for a previous conjecture that higher-loop planar N = 4 amplitudes have an iterative structure. The infrared singularities of the amplitude agree with the predictions of Sterman and Tejeda-Yeomans based on resummation. Based on the four-point result and the exponentiation of infrared singularities, we give an exponentiated ansatz for the maximally helicity-violating n-point amplitudes to all loop orders. The 1/epsilon^2 pole in the four-point amplitude determines the soft, or cusp, anomalous dimension at three loops in N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. The result confirms a prediction by Kotikov, Lipatov, Onishchenko and Velizhanin, which utilizes the leading-twist anomalous dimensions in QCD computed by Moch, Vermaseren and Vogt. Following similar logic, we are able to predict a term in the three-loop quark and gluon form factors in QCD.
description: 54 pages, 7 figures. v2: Added references, a few additional words about large spin limit of anomalous dimensions. v3: Expanded Sect. IV.A on multiloop ansatz; remark that form-factor prediction is now confirmed by other work; minor typos corrected
Gauge transformations of spectral triples with twisted real structures
Creators: name: Magee, Adam M.
name: Dabrowski, Ludwik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58B34, 46L87

description: Twisted real structures are well-motivated as a way to implement the conformal transformation of a Dirac operator for a real spectral triple without needing to twist the noncommutative 1-forms. We study the coupling of spectral triples with twisted real structures to gauge fields, adopting Morita equivalence via modules and bimodules as a guiding principle and paying special attention to modifications to the inner fluctuations of the Dirac operator. In particular, we analyse the twisted first-order condition as a possible alternative to abandoning the first-order condition in order to go beyond the Standard Model, and elaborate upon the special case of gauge transformations accordingly. Applying the formalism to a toy model, we argue that under certain physically-motivated assumptions the spectral triple based on the left-right symmetric algebra should reduce to that of the Standard Model of fundamental particles and interactions, as in the untwisted case.
description: 39 pages; Various minor clarifications and improvements to the presentation, results unchanged
A direct proof of the CSW rules
Creators: name: Risager, Kasper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using recursion methods similar to those of Britto, Cachazo, Feng and Witten (BCFW) a direct proof of the CSW rules for computing tree-level gluon amplitudes is given.
description: 11 pages, uses axodraw.sty
Identification of differentially expressed genes and pathways in kidney of ANCA-associated vasculitis by integrated bioinformatics analysis
Creators: name: Deng, Xu
name: Gao, Junying
name: Zhao, Fei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a systematic of relatively rare autoimmune diseases with unknown cause. Kidney involvement is one of the most common clinical manifestations, and the degree of renal damage is closely associated with the development and prognosis of AAV. In this study, we utilized the Robust Rank Aggreg (RRA) method in R to integrate GSE104948, GSE104954, GSE108109, GSE108112, and GSE108113 profile datasets loaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and identified a set of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in kidney between AAV patients and living donors. Then, the results of gene ontology (GO) functional annotation showed that immunity and metabolism involved process of AAV both in glomerulus and tubulointerstitial. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that following pathways, such as complement and coagulation cascades pathway; Staphylococcus aureus infection; disease-COVID-19; and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathway play a crucial role in AAV. Next, the results analyzed by protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and Cytoscape software exhibited the hub genes ALB, TYROBP, and CYBB existed in both glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartments datasets. Finally, KEGG analysis using genes of two most important modules also further validated complement and coagulation cascades pathway and S. aureus infection existed both in glomerulus and tubulointerstitial compartments datasets. In conclusion, this study identified key genes and pathways involved in kidney of AAV, which was benefit to further uncover the mechanisms underlying the development and progress of AAV, biomarkers, and potential therapeutic targets as well.
Arc Flow Formulations Based on Dynamic Programming: Theoretical Foundations and Applications
Creators: name: de Lima, Vinícius L.
name: Alves, Cláudio
name: Clautiaux, François
name: Iori, Manuel
name: de Carvalho, José M. Valério
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Network flow formulations are among the most successful tools to solve optimization problems. Such formulations correspond to determining an optimal flow in a network. One particular class of network flow formulations is the arc flow, where variables represent flows on individual arcs of the network. For $\mathcal{NP}$-hard problems, polynomial-sized arc flow models typically provide weak linear relaxations and may have too much symmetry to be efficient in practice. Instead, arc flow models with a pseudo-polynomial size usually provide strong relaxations and are efficient in practice. The interest in pseudo-polynomial arc flow formulations has grown considerably in the last twenty years, in which they have been used to solve many open instances of hard problems. A remarkable advantage of pseudo-polynomial arc flow models is the possibility to solve practical-sized instances directly by a Mixed Integer Linear Programming solver, avoiding the implementation of complex methods based on column generation. In this survey, we present theoretical foundations of pseudo-polynomial arc flow formulations, by showing a relation between their network and Dynamic Programming (DP). This relation allows a better understanding of the strength of these formulations, through a link with models obtained by Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition. The relation with DP also allows a new perspective to relate state-space relaxation methods for DP with arc flow models. We also present a dual point of view to contrast the linear relaxation of arc flow models with that of models based on paths and cycles. To conclude, we review the main solution methods and applications of arc flow models based on DP in several domains such as cutting, packing, scheduling, and routing.
undefined-D Flower 1950
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Discosorida

description: Discosorida fam., gen. et sp. indet. D
Fig. 46E–F
Material examined
ESTONIA • 1 spec.; Sutlema old quarry; Kõrgessaare Formation, Vormsi Regional Stage; TUG 1827- 162.
Description
The specimen is a 50 mm long, fragment of a mature body chamber; it is slightly endogastrically curved with a circular conch cross section.At its base, the conch diameter is 40 mm. The suture, as reconstructed from the base of the body chamber, is straight and transverse with a distinct narrow saddle at the position of the siphuncle. The septal foramen is almost marginal with a width of 5 mm (RSH = 0.125). No traces of the outer shell are preserved.
Remarks
This relatively incomplete fragment of a mature body chamber (likely from a cyrtogomphoceratid) is documented herein, because it cannot be assigned to any of the known genera or species known from Estonia or from the literature. It differs from species of Kiaeroceras in being more strongly curved and in lacking the characteristic narrowly rounded prosiphuncular margin. It differs from species of Strandoceras in having a circular conch cross section.
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on page 127, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
Phase structure of a two-fluid bosonic system
Creators: name: Caprio, M. A.
name: Iachello, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagram of a two-fluid bosonic system is investigated. The proton-neutron interacting boson model (IBM-2) possesses a rich phase structure involving three control parameters and multiple order parameters. The surfaces of quantum phase transition between spherical, axially-symmetric deformed, and SU*(3) triaxial phases are determined, and the evolution of classical equilibrium properties across these transitions is investigated. Spectroscopic observables are considered in relation to the phase diagram.
description: LaTeX (elsart), 46 pages, as published in Ann. Phys. (N.Y.)
Sclerostin is involved in osteogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells in chronic kidney disease-associated vascular calcification with non-canonical Wnt signaling
Creators: name: Xiao, Qiong
name: Tang, Yun
name: Luo, Haojun
name: Chen, Sipei
name: Chen, Rong
name: Yan, Zhe
name: Pu, Lei
name: Wang, Li
name: Li, Guisen
name: Li, Yi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Vascular calcification is prominent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is a strong predictor of cardiovascular mortality in the CKD population. However, the mechanism underlying CKD-associated vascular calcification remains unclear. To identify potential therapeutic targets, a 5/6 nephrectomy rat model was established by feeding of a high-phosphorous diet as the CKD group and compared with sham group rats at 4 and 16 weeks. Sequencing analyses of the rat aorta revealed 643 upregulated and 1023 downregulated genes at 4 weeks, as well as 899 upregulated and 1185 downregulated genes at 16 weeks in the CKD group compared to the sham group. Bioinformatics analyses suggested that SOST (which encodes sclerostin) and Wnt signaling are involved in CKD-associated vascular calcification. Furthermore, protein-protein interactions analysis revealed interactions between SOST, WNT5A, and WNT5B, that involved runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and transgelin (TAGLN). SOST was increased in CKD-associated vascular calcification following reduction of the Wnt signaling, including WNT5A and WNT5B, both in vivo and in vitro. TargetScan was used to predict the microRNAs (miRNAs) targeting WNT5A and WNT5B. The expression levels of miR-542-3p, miR-298-3p, miR-376b-5p, and miR-3568 were significantly reduced, whereas that of miR-742-3p was significantly increased in calcified rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In CKD rat aortas, the expression of miR-542-3p, miR-298-3p, miR-376b-5p, miR-3568, miR-742-3p, and miR-22-5p were significantly reduced at both 4 and 16 weeks. Altogether, owing to several assessments, potentially diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for improving common CKD diagnostic tools were identified in this study. Abbreviations: BUN: blood urea nitrogen; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CKD-MBD: chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GO: the Gene Ontology; HE: hematoxylin-eosin; HRP: horseradish peroxidase; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; MiRNAs: microRNAs; PAS: periodic acid-Schiff; RUNX2: runt-related transcription factor 2; SCr: serum creatinine; STRING: the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins; TAGLN: transgelin; VSMC: vascular smooth muscle cell.
Discovery of an Afterglow Extension of the Prompt Phase of Two Gamma Ray Bursts Observed by Swift
Creators: name: Barthelmy, S. D.
name: Cannizzo, J. K.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Cusumano, G.
name: Mangano, V.
name: O'Brien, P. T.
name: Vaughan, S.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Burrows, D. N.
name: Campana, S.
name: Chincarini, G.
name: Goad, M. R.
name: Kouveliotou, C.
name: Kumar, P.
name: Meszaros, P.
name: Nousek, J. A.
name: Osborne, J. P.
name: Panaitescu, A.
name: Reeves, J. N.
name: Sakamoto, T.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Wijers, R. A. M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BAT and XRT observations of two recent well-covered GRBs observed by Swift, GRB 050315 and GRB 050319, show clearly a prompt component joining the onset of the afterglow emission. By fitting a power law form to the gamma-ray spectrum, we extrapolate the time dependent fluxes measured by the BAT, in the energy band 15-350 keV, into the spectral regime observed by the XRT 0.2-10 keV, and examine the functional form of the rate of decay of the two light curves. We find that the BAT and XRT light curves merge to form a unified curve. There is a period of steep decay up to ~300 s, followed by a flatter decay. The duration of the steep decay, ~100 s in the source frame after correcting for cosmological time dilation, agrees roughly with a theoretical estimate for the deceleration time of the relativistic ejecta as it interacts with circumstellar material. For GRB 050315, the steep decay can be characterized by an exponential form, where one e-folding decay time t_e(BAT) ~ 24+/-2 s, and t_e(XRT) ~ 35+/-2 s. For GRB 050319, a power law decay -(d ln f/d ln t) = n, where n is about 3, provides a reasonable fit. The early time X-ray fluxes are consistent with representing the lower energy tail of the prompt emission, and provide our first quantitative measure of the decay of the prompt gamma-ray emission over a large dynamic range in flux. The initial steep decay is expected due to the delayed high latitude photons from a curved shell of relativistic plasma illuminated only for a short interval. The overall conclusion is that the prompt phase of GRBs remains observable for hundreds of seconds longer than previously thought.
description: 4 pages, 2 Postscript figures, uses revsymb.sty, emulateapj.cls, revtex4.cls, aps.rtx, 10pt.rtx. Astrophysical Journal Letters (in press)
Quantifying Membership Privacy via Information Leakage
Creators: name: Saeidian, Sara
name: Cervia, Giulia
name: Oechtering, Tobias J.
name: Skoglund, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning models are known to memorize the unique properties of individual data points in a training set. This memorization capability can be exploited by several types of attacks to infer information about the training data, most notably, membership inference attacks. In this paper, we propose an approach based on information leakage for guaranteeing membership privacy. Specifically, we propose to use a conditional form of the notion of maximal leakage to quantify the information leaking about individual data entries in a dataset, i.e., the entrywise information leakage. We apply our privacy analysis to the Private Aggregation of Teacher Ensembles (PATE) framework for privacy-preserving classification of sensitive data and prove that the entrywise information leakage of its aggregation mechanism is Schur-concave when the injected noise has a log-concave probability density. The Schur-concavity of this leakage implies that increased consensus among teachers in labeling a query reduces its associated privacy cost. Finally, we derive upper bounds on the entrywise information leakage when the aggregation mechanism uses Laplace distributed noise.
description: To be published in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
title: Hereditary prosopagnosia in self reports
Creators: name: Kennerknecht, Ingo
name: Trostmann, Ulrike
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: People who suffer from prosopagnosia, syn. face blindness are unable to recognize others solely by their face. Reports by those affected picture the problematic nature from very different perspectives in every day life. Not only the variety, but most notably the wide resemblance of the symptoms is documented. The generation of numerous compensatory strategies, the many typical anecdotes, and the frequent deficiency of inner images concordantly describe the subjective sensibility of prosopagnosia.
Recoil Polarization for Delta Excitation in Pion Electroproduction
Creators: name: Kelly, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured angular distributions of recoil-polarization response functions for neutral pion electroproduction for W=1.23 GeV at Q^2=1.0 (GeV/c)^2, obtaining 14 separated response functions plus 2 Rosenbluth combinations; of these, 12 have been observed for the first time. Dynamical models do not describe quantities governed by imaginary parts of interference products well, indicating the need for adjusting magnitudes and phases for nonresonant amplitudes. We performed a nearly model-independent multipole analysis and obtained values for Re(S1+/M1+)=-(6.84+/-0.15)% and Re(E1+/M1+)=-(2.91+/-0.19)% that are distinctly different from those from the traditional Legendre analysis based upon M1+ dominance and sp truncation.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, for PRL
X-ray Hotspot Flares and Implications for Cosmic Ray Acceleration and Magnetic Field amplification in Supernova Remnants
Creators: name: Butt, Yousaf
name: Porter, Troy
name: Katz, Boaz
name: Waxman, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For more than fifty years, it has been believed that cosmic ray (CR) nuclei are accelerated to high energies in the rapidly expanding shockwaves created by powerful supernova explosions. Yet observational proof of this conjecture is still lacking. Recently, Uchiyama and collaborators reported the detection of small-scale X-ray flares in one such supernova remnant, dubbed 'RX J1713-3946' (a.k.a. G347.3-0.5), which also emits very energetic, TeV (10^12 eV) range, gamma-rays. They contend that the variability of these X-ray 'hotspots' implies that the magnetic field in the remnant is about a hundred times larger than normally assumed; and this, they say, means that the detected TeV range photons were produced in energetic nuclear interactions, providing 'a strong argument for acceleration of protons and nuclei to energies of 1 PeV (10^15 eV) and beyond in young supernova remnants.' We point out here that the existing multiwavelength data on this object certainly do not support such conclusions. Though intriguing, the small-scale X-ray flares are not the long sought-after 'smoking gun' of nucleonic CR acceleration in SNRs.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters