cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The distance and neutral environment of the massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1
Creators: name: Kothes, R.
name: Dougherty, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of this study is to determine a distance to Westerlund 1 independent of the characteristics of the stellar population and to study its neutral environment, using observations of atomic hydrogen. The HI observations are taken from the Southern Galactic Plane Survey to study HI absorption in the direction of the HII region created by the members of Westerlund 1 and to investigate its environment as observed in the HI line emission. A Galactic rotation curve was derived using the recently revised values for the Galactic centre distance of $R_\odot = 7.6$ kpc, and the velocity of the Sun around the Galactic centre of $Θ_\odot = 214$ km s$^{-1}$. The newly determined rotation model leads us to derive a distance of $3.9\pm 0.7$ kpc to Westerlund 1, consistent with a location in the Scutum-Crux Arm. Included in this estimate is a very careful investigation of possible sources of error for the Galactic rotation curve. We also report on small expanding HI features around the cluster with a maximum dynamic age of 600,000 years and a larger bubble which has a minimum dynamic age of 2.5 million years. Additionally we re-calculated the kinematic distances to nearby HII regions and supernova remnants based on our new Galaxic rotation curve. We propose that in the early stages of the development of Wd 1 a large interstellar bubble of diameter about 50 pc was created by the cluster members. This bubble has a dynamic age similar to the age of the cluster. Small expanding bubbles, with dynamical ages $\sim 0.6$ Myr are found around Wd 1, which we suggest consist of recombined material lost by cluster members through their winds.
description: 8 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
Two viruses associated with blueberry scorch disease
Creators: name: MacDonald, Stuart Gerald
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Blueberry bushes with scorch symptoms were found during a survey of blueberry fields in British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon. Some of these bushes were infected with blueberry scorch virus (BBScV) while others contained a second virus which was sap transmissible to Nicotiana clevelandii, N. benthamiana, and N. tabacum cv. 'Havana 425' . This virus was purified from N. clevelandii and had isometric particles of approximately 30 nm in diameter, a coat protein subunit of 27,500 daltons and a tripartite genome. I was unable to transfer the virus from either infected N. clevelandii or infected blueberry to healthy N. clevelandii with Myzus persicae or Fimbriaphis fimbriata. Serological tests of this blueberry virus with antisera against members of the ilar-, cucumo-, bromo-, or nepovirus groups failed to indicate any relationship. In a subsequent survey using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, this isometric virus was found in blueberry plants from northern Washington state to central Oregon but has not yet been found in B.C. Of the established members of the carlavirus group examined, BBScV is most closely related to potato virus S (PVS) and less closely related to carnation latent virus (CLV) and potato virus M (PVM). The difference in host range between BBScV and PVS would indicate that the BBScV is not a strain of PVS but is a separate virus that is related to PVS. Therefore, BBScV should be renamed blueberry scorch carlavirus (BBSCV). BBSCV was also compared to a carlavirus isolated from blueberry in the Sheep Pen Hill blueberry growing area of New Jersey (referred to as SPHV). These viruses were compared serologically and by use of nucleic acid hybridizations. BBSCV and SPHV were found to be closely related and were concluded to be strains of the same virus. SPHV should be named the New Jersey strain of BBSCV.
Toppling on permutations with an extra chip
Creators: name: Ayyer, Arvind
name: Bényi, Beáta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 05A10, 05A19

description: The study of toppling on permutations with an extra labeled chip was initiated by the first author with D. Hathcock and P. Tetali (arXiv:2010.11236), where the extra chip was added in the middle. We extend this to all possible locations $p$ as well as values $r$ of the extra chip and give a complete characterization of permutations which topple to the identity. Further, we classify all permutations which are outcomes of the toppling process in this generality, which we call resultant permutations. Resultant permutations turn out to be certain decomposable permutations. The number of configurations toppling to a given resultant permutation is shown to depend purely on the number of left-to-right maxima (or records) of the permutation to the left of $n-p$ and the number of right-to-left minima to the right of $n-p$. The number of permutations toppling to a given resultant permutation (identity or otherwise) is shown to be the binomial transform of a poly-Bernoulli number of type B.
description: 27 pages, 1 figure, 7 tables, minor improvements, final version
BigDataGrapes D8.2 - Experimental Protocols and Evaluation Methodology
Creators: name: Kasimati, Aikaterini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The deliverable D8.2, “Experimental Protocols and Evaluation Methodology”, aims to define the experimental protocols and specify the evaluation methodologies that will be activated for each measurement during the execution of the application pilots. A report describing the experiments to be conducted and their parameters, along with the methodology for assessing the results of the experiments in accordance with the piloting plan. In conjunction with the activities of D8.1 “Piloting Plan”, the objective of this deliverable is to provide, in the first part, the experimental protocols to all the pilots, which will constitute instantiations of the use cases already been identified in WP2, and their evaluation methodologies. Deliverable D8.2, “Experimental Protocols and Evaluation Methodology”, is based on the individual experimental protocols and evaluation methodologies of the following pilots: Table and Wine Grapes Pilot (AUA), Wine Making Pilot (INRA), Farm Management Pilot (ABACO & Geocledian), Natural Cosmetics Pilot (SYMBEEOSIS) and Food Protection Pilot (AGROKNOW). This document reports a detailed overview of the individual experimental protocols and evaluation methodologies for each of the five pilots. Information was directly provided by the pilot leaders to ensure the specificity of the guidelines, the smooth progress and evaluation of the measurements to be conducted. This deliverable is to be periodically updated to take account of additional protocols and methodologies, measurements and data adopted during the project’s lifetime. This is the 2 nd version of the deliverable D8.2.
Game Theory to Study Interactions between Mobility Stakeholders
Creators: name: Zardini, Gioele
name: Lanzetti, Nicolas
name: Guerrini, Laura
name: Frazzoli, Emilio
name: Dörfler, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Increasing urbanization and exacerbation of sustainability goals threaten the operational efficiency of current transportation systems and confront cities with complex choices with huge impact on future generations. At the same time, the rise of private, profit-maximizing Mobility Service Providers leveraging public resources, such as ride-hailing companies, entangles current regulation schemes. This calls for tools to study such complex socio-technical problems. In this paper, we provide a game-theoretic framework to study interactions between stakeholders of the mobility ecosystem, modeling regulatory aspects such as taxes and public transport prices, as well as operational matters for Mobility Service Providers such as pricing strategy, fleet sizing, and vehicle design. Our framework is modular and can readily accommodate different types of Mobility Service Providers, actions of municipalities, and low-level models of customers choices in the mobility system. Through both an analytical and a numerical case study for the city of Berlin, Germany, we showcase the ability of our framework to compute equilibria of the problem, to study fundamental tradeoffs, and to inform stakeholders and policy makers on the effects of interventions. Among others, we show tradeoffs between customers satisfaction, environmental impact, and public revenue, as well as the impact of strategic decisions on these metrics.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, Published in the Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (Awarded the Best Paper Award - First Place)
Additional file 4 of CT-based conventional radiomics and quantification of intratumoral heterogeneity for predicting benign and malignant renal lesions
Creators: name: Yu, Shuanbao
name: Yang, Yang
name: Wang, Zeyuan
name: Zheng, Haoke
name: Cui, Jinshan
name: Zhan, Yonghao
name: Liu, Junxiao
name: Li, Peng
name: Fan, Yafeng
name: Jia, Wendong
name: Wang, Meng
name: Chen, Bo
name: Tao, Jin
name: Li, Yuhong
name: Zhang, Xuepei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 4: Table S2: The importance of predictive features used in the radiomics and ITH model, and the combined model.
Additional file 5 of CT-based conventional radiomics and quantification of intratumoral heterogeneity for predicting benign and malignant renal lesions
Creators: name: Yu, Shuanbao
name: Yang, Yang
name: Wang, Zeyuan
name: Zheng, Haoke
name: Cui, Jinshan
name: Zhan, Yonghao
name: Liu, Junxiao
name: Li, Peng
name: Fan, Yafeng
name: Jia, Wendong
name: Wang, Meng
name: Chen, Bo
name: Tao, Jin
name: Li, Yuhong
name: Zhang, Xuepei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 5: Appendix S1, and Appendix S2.
COMPASS 6DoF Object Based Rendering - REAPER Demonstration
Creators: name: McKenzie, Thomas
name: McCormack, Leo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: spatial audio
six degrees of freedom
6DoF
REAPER
binaural audio

description: This download includes a REAPER session and associated audio files to demonstrate the COMPASS 6DoF VST plugin. Audio files are simulated spherical microphone array recordings made using a dataset of spatial room impulse responses measured in a variable acoustics room (dataset download here and paper here). For details on the COMPASS 6DoF plugin development and demonstration session, please see http://research.spa.aalto.fi/publications/papers/compass_6dof/.
Quantum Mechanics and Closed Timelike Curves
Creators: name: Moldoveanu, Florin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General relativity allows solutions exhibiting closed timelike curves. Time travel generates paradoxes and quantum mechanics generalizations were proposed to solve those paradoxes. The implications of self-consistent interactions on acausal region of space-time are investigated. If the correspondence principle is true, then all generalizations of quantum mechanics on acausal manifolds are not renormalizable. Therefore quantum mechanics can only be defined on global hyperbolic manifolds and all general relativity solutions exhibiting time travel are unphysical.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure (removed LaTex command)
Ages for illustrative field stars using gyrochronology: viability, limitations and errors
Creators: name: Barnes, Sydney A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We here develop an improved way of using a rotating star as a clock, set it using the Sun, and demonstrate that it keeps time well. This technique, called gyrochronology, permits the derivation of ages for solar- and late-type main sequence stars using only their rotation periods and colors. The technique is clarified and developed here, and used to derive ages for illustrative groups of nearby, late-type field stars with measured rotation periods. We first demonstrate the reality of the interface sequence, the unifying feature of the rotational observations of cluster and field stars that makes the technique possible, and extends it beyond the proposal of Skumanich by specifying the mass dependence of rotation for these stars. We delineate which stars it cannot currently be used on. We then calibrate the age dependence using the Sun. The errors are propagated to understand their dependence on color and period. Representative age errors associated with the technique are estimated at ~15% (plus possible systematic errors) for late-F, G, K, & early-M stars. Ages derived via gyrochronology for the Mt. Wilson stars are shown to be in good agreement with chromospheric ages for all but the bluest stars, and probably superior. Gyro ages are then calculated for each of the active main sequence field stars studied by Strassmeier and collaborators where other ages are not available. These are shown to be mostly younger than 1Gyr, with a median age of 365Myr. The sample of single, late-type main sequence field stars assembled by Pizzolato and collaborators is then assessed, and shown to have gyro ages ranging from under 100Myr to several Gyr, and a median age of 1.2Gyr. Finally, we demonstrate that the individual components of the three wide binaries XiBooAB, 61CygAB, & AlphaCenAB yield substantially the same gyro ages.
description: 58 pages, 18 color figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal; Age uncertainties slightly modified upon correcting an algebraic error in Section 4
Financial Characteristics of U.S. Farms, January 1985
Creators: name: Economic Research Service
name: Economic Research Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Assets
subject: balance sheet
subject: cash flow
subject: debt
subject: Farm Costs and Returns Survey
subject: financial stress
subject: insolvency
subject: sales class
subject: type of farm

description: The number of farms experiencing financial stress continued abnormally large into 1985, especially for dairy, cash grain, and livestock producers in the Northern Plains, Lake States, and Com Belt. USDA's Farm Costs and Returns Survey, conducted in the spring of 1985, indicated that almost 320,000 farms (18 percent of the survey's estimated number of farms) closed out the year with a debt load exceeding 40 percent of the value of their assets. Farms with such high debt loads are susceptible to financial problems. Approximately 214,000 of those farms were estimated to be unable to cover production expenses, family living needs, and debt principal repayments out of current farm and nonfarm income
Purification and regulation of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase
Creators: name: Sanghera, Jasbinder Singh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase was purified to homogeneity using a procedure involving aggregation of enzyme with exogenous lipid and selective dissociation with detergents and chromatography on conventional and FPLC columns. SDS-PAGE of purified enzyme showed a single protein of molecular weight ~42 Kd. Native-PAGE showed the protein to migrate at a molecular weight of ~90 Kd, indicating that the native enzyme may be a dimer. IEF-PAGE revealed the enzyme to have a pI of ~5.8. 2-D-PAGE showed the enzyme to have at least two isoforms. Attempts to generate polyclonal antibody to the purified enzyme in rabbits were unsucessful. Even after two booster injections, the antibody titre was still weak indicating that the enzyme may not be a good antigen. However, Dr Harris Jamil was able to generate antibodies in the chicken. This antibody detected cytidylyltransferase by the Western-blotting technique and inhibited enzyme activity in a concentration-dependent manner, but was unable to immunoprecipitate the cytidylyltransferase in solution. Using this antibody, the cytidylyltransferase was found to occur in a variety of isoforms. Kinetic studies using the purified enzyme showed the K[sub m] for CTP and phosphocholine to be 0.31 mM and 0.15 mM respectively. Activation of cytidylyltransferase by commercial and microsomal lipids showed the enzyme to be activated by anionic phospholipids. The presence of oleate did not greatly enhance the activation of the enzyme by these lipids. The purified cytidylyltransferase was shown to be a substrate for cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Phosphorylation of the enzyme led to inactivation and increased recovery of the enzyme in the cytosol, while dephosphorylation by alkaline phosphatase led to activation and increased recovery of the enzyme in the microsomes. A serine residue(s) was phosphorylated on cytidylyltransferase. Twice as much phosphate was incorporated if cytidylyltransferase were dephosphorylated prior to phosphorylation. Incubation of hepatocytes with ³²Pi and then detection of cytidylyltransferase with antibody after 2-D-PAGE and Western-blotting, showed the cytidylyltransferase may be phosphorylated in vivo. Incubation of hepatocytes with Ca²⁺, Ca²⁺-mobilizing agents and phospholipase A₂ resulted in translocation of cytidylyltransferase from the cytosol to the microsomes. Incubation of hepatocytes with Ca²⁺ resulted in an increase in PC and LPC formation. Incubation of hepatocytes with phospholipase A₂ resulted in an increase in PC formation. Regulation of cytidylyltransferase activity by reversible phosphorylation and by Ca²⁺ may be important during short term regulation of enzyme activity by hormones.
Asymptotic behavior and orbital stability of galactic dynamics in relativistic scalar gravity
Creators: name: Calogero, Simone
name: Sanchez, Oscar
name: Soler, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Nordström-Vlasov system is a relativistic Lorentz invariant generalization of the Vlasov-Poisson system in the gravitational case. The asymptotic behavior of solutions and the non-linear stability of steady states are investigated. It is shown that solutions of the Nordström-Vlasov system with energy grater or equal to the mass satisfy a dispersion estimate in terms of the conformal energy. When the energy is smaller than the mass, we prove existence and non-linear (orbital) stability of a class of static solutions (isotropic polytropes) against general perturbations. The proof of orbital stability is based on a variational problem associated to the minimization of the energy functional under suitable constraints.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures
On a class of non-simply connected Calabi-Yau threefolds
Creators: name: Bouchard, Vincent
name: Donagi, Ron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14J50 (Primary), 14D06, 14J27, 14J32 (Secondary)

description: We obtain a detailed classification for a class of non-simply connected Calabi-Yau threefolds which are of potential interest for a wide range of problems in string phenomenology. These threefolds arise as quotients of Schoen's Calabi-Yau threefolds, which are fiber products over P1 of two rational elliptic surfaces. The quotient is by a freely acting finite abelian group preserving the fibrations. Our work involves a classification of restricted finite automorphism groups of rational elliptic surfaces.
description: 50 pages; v3: version published in CNTP
Analytical study of light ray trajectories in Kerr spacetime in the presence of an inhomogeneous anisotropic plasma
Creators: name: Fathi, Mohsen
name: Olivares, Marco
name: Villanueva, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the exact solutions to the equations of motion that govern the light ray trajectories as they travel in a Kerr black hole's exterior that is considered to be filled with an inhomogeneous and anisotropic plasmic medium. This is approached by characterizing the plasma through conceiving a radial and an angular structure function, which are let to be constant. The description of the motion is carried out by using the Hamilton-Jacobi method, that allows defining two effective potentials, characterizing the evolution of the polar coordinates. The elliptic integrals of motion are then solved analytically, and the evolution of coordinates is expressed in terms of the Mino time. This way, the three-dimensional demonstrations of the light ray trajectories are given respectively.
description: 22 pages, 32 figures, to appear in EPJC
Signature of chirality in scanning-probe imaging of charge flow in graphene
Creators: name: Braun, Matthias
name: Chirolli, Luca
name: Burkard, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically propose to directly observe the chiral nature of charge carriers in graphene mono- and bilayers within a controlled scattering experiment. The charge located on a capacitively coupled scanning probe microscope (SPM) tip acts as a scattering center with controllable position on the graphene sheet. Unambiguous features from the chirality of the particles in single and bilayer graphene arise in the ballistic transport in the presence of such a scattering center. To theoretically model the scattering from the smooth potential created by the SPM tip, we develop the scattering formalism within first-order Born approximation. We calculate the current through a device with an SPM tip between two constrictions (quantum point contacts) as a function of the tip position.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, added references, corrected typos
Toward a rhetoric of reading
Creators: name: Brent, Douglas Allan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Rhetoric is a process not only of persuasion but also of socially constructing knowledge. A rhetorical model of reading accounts for the role of reading in this epistemic process by expanding the canon of invention to explain not just how one can find arguments but also how, through being persuaded by the texts one reads, one can invent the propositions that one wishes to argue. Thus it complements theories of rhetorical production with a theory of rhetorical consumption. The model combines the insights of traditional and modern rhetoric, reader-response literary theory and discourse processing theories of comprehension. Reading is described as a constructive process guided by the reader's prior knowledge and values (his repertoire) and by the matrix of questions that he wishes to ask of the text (the rhetorical situation). However, to be rhetorical, reading must not be fully free; the writer must be able to predict the reader's response. This predictive ability results from the public, shared meanings of words, from commonalities among discourse communities, and from the expectation that the reader will attempt to build a coherent, unified interpretation. Rhetorical reading also involves judging which elements of which texts to accept into one's own belief system. This process is accounted for by an expanded notion of the three rhetorical pisteis: logos, pathos and ethos. The concept of the enthymeme is adapted to describe how readers find logical connections between the new perspectives presented by texts and their own prior knowledge (doxai). The reader may also be persuaded by emotional connections (pathos) and by her response to the writer's implied character (ethos). The critical potential of the model is illustrated by an analysis of an intertextual dialogue concerning the value of James Kinneavy's taxonomy of discourse. The model provides terms of reference that highlight the ways in which the participants in the dialogue construct and judge Kinneavy's and each others' works. "Rhetorical reading can also inform composition pedagogy, notably the teaching of the research paper, by providing an account of mature performance.
X-ray focusing by bent crystals: focal positions as predicted by the crystal lens equation and the dynamical diffraction theory
Creators: name: Guigay, Jean-Pierre
name: del Rio, Manuel Sanchez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The location of the beam focus when monochromatic x-ray radiation is diffracted by a thin bent crystal is predicted by "crystal lens equation". We derive this equation in a general form valid for Bragg and Laue geometries. This equation has little utility for diffraction in Laue geometry. The focusing effect in the Laue symmetrical case is discussed using concepts of dynamical theory and an extension of the lens equation is proposed. The existence of polychromatic focusing is considered and the feasibility of matching the polychromatic and monochromatic focal positions is discussed.
description: Submitted to Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
Additional file 1 of Three-outcome designs for external pilot trials with progression criteria
Creators: name: Wilson, Duncan T.
name: Hudson, Eleanor
name: Brown, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Exact imposition of boundary conditions with distance functions in physics-informed deep neural networks
Creators: name: Sukumar, N.
name: Srivastava, Ankit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce a new approach based on distance fields to exactly impose boundary conditions in physics-informed deep neural networks. The challenges in satisfying Dirichlet boundary conditions in meshfree and particle methods are well-known. This issue is also pertinent in the development of physics informed neural networks (PINN) for the solution of partial differential equations. We introduce geometry-aware trial functions in artifical neural networks to improve the training in deep learning for partial differential equations. To this end, we use concepts from constructive solid geometry (R-functions) and generalized barycentric coordinates (mean value potential fields) to construct $ϕ$, an approximate distance function to the boundary of a domain. To exactly impose homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions, the trial function is taken as $ϕ$ multiplied by the PINN approximation, and its generalization via transfinite interpolation is used to a priori satisfy inhomogeneous Dirichlet (essential), Neumann (natural), and Robin boundary conditions on complex geometries. In doing so, we eliminate modeling error associated with the satisfaction of boundary conditions in a collocation method and ensure that kinematic admissibility is met pointwise in a Ritz method. We present numerical solutions for linear and nonlinear boundary-value problems over domains with affine and curved boundaries. Benchmark problems in 1D for linear elasticity, advection-diffusion, and beam bending; and in 2D for the Poisson equation, biharmonic equation, and the nonlinear Eikonal equation are considered. The approach extends to higher dimensions, and we showcase its use by solving a Poisson problem with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions over the 4D hypercube. This study provides a pathway for meshfree analysis to be conducted on the exact geometry without domain discretization.
description: 50 pages, 46 figures
Spatially resolved kinematics and stellar populations of brightest cluster and group galaxies
Creators: name: Brough, S.
name: Proctor, R.
name: Forbes, D.
name: Couch, W.
name: Collins, C.
name: Burke, D.
name: Mann, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an examination of the kinematics and stellar populations of a sample of 3 Brightest Group Galaxies (BGGs) and 3 Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCGs) in X-ray groups and clusters. We have obtained high signal-to-noise Gemini/GMOS (Gemini South Multi-Object Spectrograph) long-slit spectra of these galaxies and use Lick indices to determine ages, metallicities and alpha-element abundance ratios out to at least their effective radii. We find that the BGGs and BCGs have very uniform masses, central ages and central metallicities. Examining the radial dependence of their stellar populations, we find no significant velocity dispersion, age, or alpha-enhancement gradients. However, we find a wide range of metallicity gradients, suggesting a variety of formation mechanisms. The range of metallicity gradients observed is surprising given the homogeneous environment these galaxies probe and their uniform central stellar populations. However, our results are inconsistent with any single model of galaxy formation and emphasize the need for more theoretical understanding of both the origins of metallicity gradients and galaxy formation itself. We postulate two possible physical causes for the different formation mechanisms.
description: 21 pages plus appendices, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Existence of physical measures in some Excitation-Inhibition Networks
Creators: name: Tanzi, Matteo
name: Young, Lai-Sang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we present a rigorous analysis of a class of coupled dynamical systems in which two distinct types of components, one excitatory and the other inhibitory, interact with one another. These network models are finite in size but can be arbitrarily large. They are inspired by real biological networks, and possess features that are idealizations of those in biological systems. Individual components of the network are represented by simple, much studied dynamical systems. Complex dynamical patterns on the network level emerge as a result of the coupling among its constituent subsystems. Appealing to existing techniques in (nonuniform) hyperbolic theory, we study their Lyapunov exponents and entropy, and prove that large time network dynamics are governed by physical measures with the SRB property.
Intermittent current interruption method for commercial lithium ion batteries aging characterization
Creators: name: Geng, Zeyang
name: Thiringer, Torbjörn
name: Lacey, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, a pioneering study is presented where the intermittent current interruption method is used to characterize the aging behavior of commercial lithium ion batteries. With a very resource-efficient implementation, this method can track the battery resistive and diffusive behaviors over the entire state of charge range and be able to determine the aging throughout the lifetime of the batteries. In addition, the incremental capacity analysis can be carried out with the same data set. This method can provide measurement results with a high repeatability and produce equivalent information as the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method. In this study, both the resistive and diffusive parameters increase with the battery capacity fading. This method does not require advanced test equipment and even with a 0.1 Hz sampling frequency, it is possible to extract usable parameters by prolonging the interruption length. Therefore, it has the potential to be easily implemented in the charging sequence in electric vehicles or stationary storage batteries for aging diagnostics.
description: IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification early access
Additional file 2 of An easier life to come for mosquito researchers: field-testing across Italy supports VECTRACK system for automatic counting, identification and absolute density estimation of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens adults
Creators: name: Micocci, Martina
name: Manica, Mattia
name: Bernardini, Ilaria
name: Soresinetti, Laura
name: Varone, Marianna
name: Di Lillo, Paola
name: Caputo, Beniamino
name: Poletti, Piero
name: Severini, Francesco
name: Montarsi, Fabrizio
name: Epis, Sara
name: Salvemini, Marco
name: della Torre, Alessandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Table S1 Results of the generalized linear mixed models assessing potential depletion after repeated mosquito collections. BG-Mosquitaire trap (BGM) considered as reference. Parameters values and their 95% confidence intervals are not exponentiated.
The Origin of the Galaxy Mass-Metallicity Relation and Implications for Galactic Outflows
Creators: name: Finlator, K.
name: Dave, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Using cosmological hydrodynamic simulations in combination with analytic modeling, we show that the galaxy stellar mass-metallicity relation (MZR) provides strong constraints on galactic outflows across cosmic time. We compare three outflow models: No outflows, a "constant wind" (cw) model that emulates the popular Dekel & Silk (1986) scenario, and a ``momentum-driven wind" (vzw) model. We find that only the vzw scaling reproduces the observed z~2 MZR's slope, amplitude, and scatter. Comparing our fully three-dimensional simulations with a simple one-zone chemical evolution model, we find that the MZR can be understood in terms of three parameters: (1) The equilibrium metallicity Z_eq=y*SFR/ACC (where y=true yield), reflecting the enrichment balance between star formation rate SFR and gas accretion rate ACC; (2) the dilution time t_d=M_g/ACC, representing the timescale for a galaxy to return to Z_eq after a metallicity-perturbing interaction; and (3) the blowout mass M_blowout, which is the galaxy stellar mass above which winds can escape its halo. When outflows with mass loading factor MLF are present, galaxies below M_blowout obey Z_eq = y/(1+MLF), while above M_blowout, Z_eq->y. Our cw model has M_blowout ~ 10^10 M_sun, which yields a sharp upturn in the MZR above this scale and a flat MZR with large scatter below it, in strong disagreement with observations. Our vzw model reproduces the observed Z_g \propto M_*^0.3 because Z_eq \propto MLF^-1 \propto M_*^1/3 when MLF >> 1 (i.e. at low masses). The flattening of the MZR at M_* > 10^10.5 M_sun observed by Tremonti et al. (2004) reflects the mass scale where MLF~1, rather than a characteristic wind speed. The tight observed MZR scatter is ensured when t_d<1 dynamical time, which is only satisified at all masses and epochs in our momentum-driven wind model.
description: 28 pages, 15 figures, accepted by MNRAS with minor revisions. The definitive version is available at www.blackell-synergy.com
${\cal N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills thermodynamics to order $λ^2$
Creators: name: Du, Qianqian
name: Strickland, Michael
name: Tantary, Ubaid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the resummed perturbative free energy of ${\cal N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills in four spacetime dimensions ($\text{SYM}_{4,4}$) through second order in the 't Hooft coupling $λ$ at finite temperature and zero chemical potential. Our final result is ultraviolet finite and all infrared divergences generated at three-loop level are canceled by summing over $\text{SYM}_{4,4}$ ring diagrams. Non-analytic terms at ${\cal O}(λ^{3/2}) $ and $ {\cal O}(λ^2 \logλ)$ are generated by dressing the $A_0$ and scalar propagators. The gauge-field Debye mass $m_D$ and the scalar thermal mass $M$ are determined from their corresponding finite-temperature self-energies. Based on this, we obtain the three-loop thermodynamic functions of $\text{SYM}_{4,4}$ to ${\cal O}(λ^2)$. We compare our final result with prior results obtained in the weak- and strong-coupling limits and construct a generalized Padé approximant that interpolates between the weak-coupling result and the large-$N_c$ strong-coupling result. Our results suggest that the ${\cal O}(λ^2)$ weak-coupling result for the scaled entropy density is a quantitatively reliable approximation to the scaled entropy density for $0 \leq λ\lesssim 2$.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures; v3: fix to soft contribution and final result, misc typos fixed, conclusions unchanged
Generalized Navier-Stokes equations and soft hairy horizons in fluid/gravity correspondence
Creators: name: Ferreira-Martins, A. J.
name: da Rocha, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluid/gravity correspondence establishes how gravitational dynamics, as dictated by Einstein's field equations, are related to the fluid dynamics, governed by the relativistic Navier-Stokes equations. In this work the correspondence is extended, where the duality between incompressible fluids and gravitational backgrounds with soft hair excitations is implemented. This construction is set through appropriate boundary conditions to the gravitational background, leading to a correspondence between generalized incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and soft hairy horizons.
description: 21 pages
The quantum solvation, adiabatic versus nonadiabatic, and Markovian versus non-Markovian nature of electron transfer rate processes
Creators: name: Xu, Rui-Xue
name: Chen, Ying
name: Cui, Ping
name: Ke, Hong-Wei
name: Yan, YiJing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we revisit the electron transfer rate theory, with particular interests in the distinct quantum solvation effect, and the characterizations of adiabatic/nonadiabatic and Markovian/non-Markovian rate processes. We first present a full account for the quantum solvation effect on the electron transfer in Debye solvents, addressed previously in J. Theore. & Comput. Chem. {\bf 5}, 685 (2006). Distinct reaction mechanisms, including the quantum solvation-induced transitions from barrier-crossing to tunneling, and from barrierless to quantum barrier-crossing rate processes, are shown in the fast modulation or low viscosity regime. This regime is also found in favor of nonadiabatic rate processes. We further propose to use Kubo's motional narrowing line shape function to describe the Markovian character of the reaction. It is found that a non-Markovian rate process is most likely to occur in a symmetric system in the fast modulation regime, where the electron transfer is dominant by tunneling due to the Fermi resonance.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, submitted to J. Phys. Chem. A
A new candidate for non-strangeness pentaquarks: N*(1675)
Creators: name: Nam, Seung-il
name: Choi, Ki-Seok
name: Hosaka, Atsushi
name: Kim, Hyun-Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a new nucleon resonance from eta photoproduction, which was observed at sqrt{s}=1675 MeV with a narrow decay width (~10 MeV) by the Tohoku LNS group as well as the GRAAL collaboration. Using an effective Lagrangian approach, we compute differential cross sections for the eta photoproduction. In addition to N*(1675,1/2+-,3/2+-), we employ six other nucleon resonances, i.e. N*(1520,1535,1650,1675,1710,1720) and vector meson exchanges which are the most relevant ones to this reaction process. As a result, we can reproduce the GRAAL data qualitatively well and observe obvious isospin asymmetry between the transition magnetic moments of N*(1675): mu_{gamma nn*} >> mu_{gamma pp*}, which indicates that the newly found nucleon resonance may be identified as a non-strange pentaquark state.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures, Talk given at Yukawa International Seminar (YKIS) 2006 "New frontiers in QCD", 20 Nov. ~ 8 Dec. 2006, Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics (YITP), Kyoto, Japan
Covid 19 Issues - A Disclosure
Creators: name: DATTA, JAYDIP
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110804 Medical Virology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In this Discussion we will point out all the salent feature of Covid19 Epidemic or Pandemic Issues . As well as a salent features of spreading of Corona Virus within Rural uneducated people . So the Primary Health care knowledge regarding to prevent the Virus spreading as well as initially primary health care centre finally shifting to isolation zone of Covid hospitals .
Geometrothermodynamics of black holes
Creators: name: Quevedo, Hernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamics of black holes is reformulated within the context of the recently developed formalism of geometrothermodynamics. This reformulation is shown to be invariant with respect to Legendre transformations, and to allow several equivalent representations. Legendre invariance allows us to explain a series of contradictory results known in the literature from the use of Weinhold's and Ruppeiner's thermodynamic metrics for black holes. For the Reissner-Nordström black hole the geometry of the space of equilibrium states is curved, showing a non trivial thermodynamic interaction, and the curvature contains information about critical points and phase transitions. On the contrary, for the Kerr black hole the geometry is flat and does not explain its phase transition structure.
description: Revised version, to be published in Gen.Rel.Grav.(Mashhoon's Festschrift)
GCD of sums of $k$ consecutive Fibonacci, Lucas, and generalized Fibonacci numbers
Creators: name: Guyer, Dan
name: Mbirika, aBa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11B39, 11A05, Secondary 11B50

description: We explore the sums of $k$ consecutive terms in the generalized Fibonacci sequence $\left(G_n\right)_{n \geq 0}$ given by the recurrence $G_n = G_{n-1} + G_{n-2}$ for all $n \geq 2$ with integral initial conditions $G_0$ and $G_1$. In particular, we give precise values for the greatest common divisor (GCD) of all sums of $k$ consecutive terms of $\left(G_n\right)_{n \geq 0}$. When $G_0 = 0$ and $G_1 = 1$, we yield the GCD of all sums of $k$ consecutive Fibonacci numbers, and when $G_0 = 2$ and $G_1 = 1$, we yield the GCD of all sums of $k$ consecutive Lucas numbers. Denoting the GCD of all sums of $k$ consecutive generalized Fibonacci numbers by the symbol $\mathcal{G}_{G_0, G_1}\!(k)$, we give two tantalizing characterizations for these values, one involving a simple formula in $k$ and another involving generalized Pisano periods: $$\mathcal{G}_{G_0, G_1}\!(k) = \gcd(G_{k+1}-G_1,\, G_{k+2}-G_2)\; \mbox{and}$$ $$\mathcal{G}_{G_0, G_1}\!(k) = \mathrm{lcm}\{m \mid π_{G_0,G_1}\!(m) \text{ divides } k\},$$ where $π_{G_0,G_1}\!(m)$ denotes the generalized Pisano period of the generalized Fibonacci sequence modulo $m$. The fact that these vastly different-looking formulas coincide leads to some surprising and delightful new understandings of the Fibonacci and Lucas numbers.
description: 25 pgs. This version of the paper is almost identical to the published version. This arXiv version differs from the published version in two respects: (1) the arXiv version contains a Table of Contents, and (2) the J. Integer Seq. version does not number theorems/lemmas/propositions/etc. by section, whereas this arXiv version does. Those two changes may make this arXiv version easier to navigate
Additional file 3 of An easier life to come for mosquito researchers: field-testing across Italy supports VECTRACK system for automatic counting, identification and absolute density estimation of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens adults
Creators: name: Micocci, Martina
name: Manica, Mattia
name: Bernardini, Ilaria
name: Soresinetti, Laura
name: Varone, Marianna
name: Di Lillo, Paola
name: Caputo, Beniamino
name: Poletti, Piero
name: Severini, Francesco
name: Montarsi, Fabrizio
name: Epis, Sara
name: Salvemini, Marco
name: della Torre, Alessandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 3: Table S2 Estimated linear relationship between operator-based morphological identification and identification by VECTRACK algorithm of females and males of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens.