cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Forces in Nonlinear Media
Creators: name: Milgrom, Mordehai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: I investigate the properties of forces on bodies in theories governed by the generalized Poisson equation div[mu(abs(grad_phi))grad_phi]=G rho, for the potential phi produced by a distribution of sources rho. This equation describes, inter alia, media with a response coefficient, mu, that depends on the field strength, such as in nonlinear, dielectric, or diamagnetic, media; nonlinear transport problems with field-strength dependent conductivity or diffusion coefficient; nonlinear electrostatics, as in the Born-Infeld theory; certain stationary potential flows in compressible fluids, in which case the forces act on sources or obstacles in the flow. The expressions for the force on a point charge is derived exactly for the limits of very low and very high charge. The force on an arbitrary body in an external field of asymptotically constant gradient, E, is shown to be F=QE, where Q is the total effective charge of the body. The corollary Q=0 implies F=0 is a generalization of d'Aembert's paradox. I show that for G>0 (as in Newtonian gravity) two point charges of the same (opposite) sign still attract (repel) each other. The opposite is true for G<0. I discuss the generalization of this to extended bodies, and derive virial relations.
description: 14 pages, 3 embedded figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Physics A
Ulrich elements in normal simplicial affine semigroups
Creators: name: Herzog, Jürgen
name: Jafari, Raheleh
name: Stamate, Dumitru I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13H10, 05E40 (Primary) 13H15, 20M25 (Secondary)

description: Let $H\subseteq \mathbb{N}^d$ be a normal affine semigroup, $R=K[H]$ its semigroup ring over the field $K$ and $ω_R$ its canonical module. The Ulrich elements for $H$ are those $h$ in $H$ such that for the multiplication map by $\mathbf{x}^h$ from $R$ into $ω_R$, the cokernel is an Ulrich module. We say that the ring $R$ is almost Gorenstein if Ulrich elements exist in $H$. For the class of slim semigroups that we introduce, we provide an algebraic criterion for testing the Ulrich propery. When $d=2$, all normal affine semigroups are slim. Here we have a simpler combinatorial description of the Ulrich property. We improve this result for testing the elements in $H$ which are closest to zero. In particular, we give a simple arithmetic criterion for when is $(1,1)$ an Ulrich element in $H$.
description: v3:minor changes.To appear in the Pacific Journal of Mathematics. v2: 24 pages. This is a major revision. The statement of Theorem 2.4 was corrected. Now Theorem 3.2 characterizes Ulrich elements for slim semigroups, that we introduce. The results in dimension two stay unchanged, and these are now split in several sections. Section 5 in (v1) will pe part of a different paper. Comments are welcome
Kostant-Toda lattices and the universal centralizer
Creators: name: Crooks, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B80 (primary), 20G20, 50D20 (secondary)

description: To each complex semisimple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ decorated with appropriate data, one may associate two completely integrable systems. One is the well-studied Kostant-Toda lattice, while the second is an integrable system defined on the universal centralizer $\mathcal{Z}_{\mathfrak{g}}$ of $\mathfrak{g}$. These systems are similar in that each exploits and closely reflects the invariant theory of $\mathfrak{g}$, as developed by Chevalley, Kostant, and others. One also has Kostant's description of level sets in the Kostant-Toda lattice, which turns out to suggest deeper similarities between the two integrable systems in question. We study relationships between the two aforementioned integrable systems, partly to understand and contextualize the similarities mentioned above. Our main result is a canonical open embedding of a flow-invariant open dense subset of the Kostant-Toda lattice into $\mathcal{Z}_{\mathfrak{g}}$. Secondary results include some qualitative features of the integrable system on $\mathcal{Z}_{\mathfrak{g}}$.
description: 20 pages
Sciocoris (Sciocoris) ogivus Jakovlev 1894
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Sciocoris
Sciocoris ogivus

description: Sciocoris (Sciocoris) ogivus Jakovlev, 1894
 Material studied. GILAN: Ganjeh, 1 specimen, 14.v.-13.vi.1995.
 Comments. In a hilly steppe. Anatolian. Known from Russian part of Caucasus, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Turkey, and Iran.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2008, Studies on the Acanthosomatidae, Scutelleridae and Pentatomidae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran, pp. 1-21 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5342454
Additional file 3 of Efficacy of the association liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy for the treatment of solitary huge hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective single-center study
Creators: name: Deng, Zhenfeng
name: Jin, Zongrui
name: Qin, Yonghui
name: Wei, Mingqi
name: Wang, Jilong
name: Lu, Tingting
name: Zhang, Ling
name: Zeng, Jingjing
name: Bao, Li
name: Guo, Ya
name: Peng, Minhao
name: Xu, Banghao
name: Wen, Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Comparisons of baseline characteristics of patients with solitary huge HCC underwent ALPPS or TACE before and after PSM.
Analysis of Cut Foliage Businesses In Florida, 1997
Creators: name: Hodges, Alan W.
name: Satterthwaite, Loretta N.
name: Haydu, John J.
name: Hodges, Alan W.
name: Satterthwaite, Loretta N.
name: Haydu, John J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: cut foliage
subject: fernery
subject: ornamental plant products
subject: business analysis
subject: sales
subject: costs
subject: returns
subject: efficiency
subject: Florida.

description: Information is presented on sales, production, costs, assets and liabilities, and efficiency indicators for 12 cut foliage businesses in Florida for the year of 1997, and changes in business performance from the previous year. The average firm had annual sales of $902 thousand (K), used 45 acres of production area, employed 23 full-time equivalent (FTE) persons, and managed $1.158 million (M) in owned and leased capital. Value produced per acre of growing area averaged $15.3K. Total sales per FTE person averaged $38.9K. Total capital managed per FTE and per acre of growing space averaged $50.0K and $25.8K, respectively. Managed capital turnover averaged 0.78. Total costs averaged $892K and total costs per acre of production area averaged $14.4K. As a share of total sales, expenses averaged 41 percent for employee labor, 13 percent for materials, 18 percent for finished products brokered, 3 percent for equipment/facilities, 12 percent for administrative overhead, 7 percent for capital, and 5 percent for management/owners. Net income, including owner/management compensation, averaged $166K and net profit margin averaged 16 percent. Rate of return on assets and rate of return on net worth were 18.8 and 34.7 percent, respectively. Overall business profitability was markedly improved in 1997 over the previous year for the same firms sampled. Similar information is presented for large-, medium-, and small-sized firms, as well as highly profitable firms.
The Nature of Dark Matter in Elliptical Galaxies: Chandra Observations of NGC 4636
Creators: name: Loewenstein, M.
name: Mushotzky, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the total enclosed mass profile from 0.7 to 35 kpc in the elliptical galaxy NGC 4636 based on the hot interstellar medium temperature profile measured using the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and other X-ray and optical data. The total mass increases as radius to the power 1.2 to a good approximation over this range in radii, attaining a total mass-to-light ratio of 40 solar masses per solar visual luminosity at 35 kpc. We find that at least half, and as much as 80%, of the mass within the optical half-light radius is non-luminous, implying an exceptionally low baryon fraction in NGC 4636. The large inferred dark matter concentration and central dark matter density, consistent with the upper end of the range expected for standard cold dark matter halos, imply that mechanisms proposed to explain low dark matter densities in less massive galaxies are not effective in elliptical galaxies.
description: 4 pages, including 3 embedded figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe (Dark Matter 2002); Nuclear Physics B, in press
Robust data-driven state-feedback design
Creators: name: Berberich, Julian
name: Romer, Anne
name: Scherer, Carsten W.
name: Allgöwer, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We consider the problem of designing robust state-feedback controllers for discrete-time linear time-invariant systems, based directly on measured data. The proposed design procedures require no model knowledge, but only a single open-loop data trajectory, which may be affected by noise. First, a data-driven characterization of the uncertain class of closed-loop matrices under state-feedback is derived. By considering this parametrization in the robust control framework, we design data-driven state-feedback gains with guarantees on stability and performance, containing, e.g., the $\mathcal{H}_\infty$-control problem as a special case. Further, we show how the proposed framework can be extended to take partial model knowledge into account. The validity of the proposed approach is illustrated via a numerical example.
The Rise of Soft Law: Have International Environmental Agreements Suffered?
Creators: name: Chapman, Madalyn
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: environment
subject: environmental law
subject: environmental agreements
subject: international law
subject: soft law
subject: hard law
subject: international environmental agreement

description: The increasing use of soft law rather than hard law has had a negative impact on international environmental agreements created to address climate change, as evidenced by severely weakened implementation and enforcement mechanisms in many of these modern documents. First, the author will provide an analysis of the existing literature and explain where her contribution fits within the current scholarship, as well as why this research is necessary. This is followed by an assessment of the Paris Agreement of 2015, Montreal Protocol, Kyoto Protocol, and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The author will demonstrate how hard law would have made soft law agreements much more effective. Lastly, she will share her main conclusions and hopes for future research on this topic.
KiDS-SQuaD II: Machine learning selection of bright extragalactic objects to search for new gravitationally lensed quasars
Creators: name: Khramtsov, Vladislav
name: Sergeyev, Alexey
name: Spiniello, Chiara
name: Tortora, Crescenzo
name: Napolitano, Nicola R.
name: Agnello, Adriano
name: Getman, Fedor
name: de Jong, Jelte T. A.
name: Kuijken, Konrad
name: Radovich, Mario
name: Shan, HuanYuan
name: Shulga, Valery
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The KiDS Strongly lensed QUAsar Detection project (KiDS-SQuaD) aims at finding as many previously undiscovered gravitational lensed quasars as possible in the Kilo Degree Survey. This is the second paper of this series where we present a new, automatic object classification method based on machine learning technique. The main goal of this paper is to build a catalogue of bright extragalactic objects (galaxies and quasars), from the KiDS Data Release 4, with a minimum stellar contamination, preserving the completeness as much as possible, to then apply morphological methods to select reliable gravitationally lensed (GL) quasar candidates. After testing some of the most used machine learning algorithms, decision trees based classifiers, we decided to use CatBoost, that was specifically trained with the aim of creating a sample of extragalactic sources as clean as possible from stars. We discuss the input data, define the training sample for the classifier, give quantitative estimates of its performances, and finally describe the validation results with Gaia DR2, AllWISE, and GAMA catalogues. We have built and make available to the scientific community the KiDS Bright EXtraGalactic Objects catalogue (KiDS-BEXGO), specifically created to find gravitational lenses. This is made of $\approx6$ millions of sources classified as quasars ($\approx 200\,000$) and galaxies ($\approx 5.7$M), up to $r<22^m$. From this catalog we selected 'Multiplets': close pairs of quasars or galaxies surrounded by at least one quasar, presenting the 12 most reliable gravitationally lensed quasar candidates, to demonstrate the potential of the catalogue, which will be further explored in a forthcoming paper. We compared our search to the previous one, presented in the first paper from this series, showing that employing a machine learning method decreases the stars-contaminators within the GL candidates.
description: Submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics, 19 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables
Price Determinants of California Wine in the U.S. Market: Does the Type Matter?
Creators: name: Asgari, Ali
name: Reed, Michael R.
name: Asgari, Ali
name: Reed, Michael R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Hedonic price model
subject: Sparkling
subject: California Wine prices
subject: U.S. wine market

description: The price of wine reflects the various features that differentiate each bottle. This study is aimed at analyzing the determinants of California wine prices. A hedonic price model is estimated using data collected between 2004 and 2015 from the Wine Spectator, with a total of 4,693 individual wines, focusing on type, age, critical points, and variables related to the origin. The impact of geographic production of origin from Bay Area/Central Coast, Carneros, Napa, Mendocino/Lake, and South Coast is analyzed. An important aspect of this analysis is to investigate whether the type of wine is important, and if any price premium regarding to the type (still and sparkling) is changing, holding quality and quantity constant. The main findings suggest California wine prices are determined by time related variables such as age. The expert points given by the Wine Spectator also have a significant impact on prices.
Application of gradient descent algorithms based on geodesic distances
Creators: name: Duan, Xiaomin
name: Sun, Huafei
name: Peng, Linyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, the Riemannian gradient algorithm and the natural gradient algorithm are applied to solve descent direction problems on the manifold of positive definite Hermitian matrices, where the geodesic distance is considered as the cost function. The first proposed problem is control for positive definite Hermitian matrix systems whose outputs only depend on their inputs. The geodesic distance is adopted as the difference of the output matrix and the target matrix. The controller to adjust the input is obtained such that the output matrix is as close as possible to the target matrix. We show the trajectory of the control input on the manifold using the Riemannian gradient algorithm. The second application is to compute the Karcher mean of a finite set of given Toeplitz positive definite Hermitian matrices, which is defined as the minimizer of the sum of geodesic distances. To obtain more efficient iterative algorithm compared with traditional ones, a natural gradient algorithm is proposed to compute the Karcher mean. Illustrative simulations are provided to show the computational behavior of the proposed algorithms.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Sciocoris (Sciocoris) sulcatus Fieber 1851
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Sciocoris
Sciocoris sulcatus

description: Sciocoris (Sciocoris) sulcatus Fieber, 1851
 Material studied. TEHRAN: Azad Bar 70 km W of Karadj, 2410 m a.s.l., 1 specimen, 10.vii.1995.
 Comments. In a mountain steppe. Holomediterranean, extending to Central Europe, the Middle East, and Central Asia.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2008, Studies on the Acanthosomatidae, Scutelleridae and Pentatomidae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran, pp. 1-21 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5342454
Additional file 3 of Methodological quality (risk of bias) assessment tools for primary and secondary medical studies: what are they and which is better?
Creators: name: Ma, Lin-Lu
name: Wang, Yun-Yun
name: Yang, Zhi-Hua
name: Huang, Di
name: Weng, Hong
name: Zeng, Xian-Tao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Major components of the tools for assessing other primary medical studies
A Systematic Study of X-Ray Substructure of Galaxy Clusters Detected in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey
Creators: name: Schuecker, P.
name: Boehringer, H.
name: Reiprich, T. H.
name: Feretti, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of a systematic study of substructure in X-ray surface brightness distributions of a combined sample of 470 REFLEX+BCS clusters of galaxies are presented. The fully automized morphology analysis is based on data of the 3rd processing of the ROSAT All-Sky survey (RASS-3). After correction for several systematic effects, $52\pm 7$ percent of the REFLEX+BCS clusters are found to be substructured in metric apertures of 1 Mpc radius ($H_0= 50 {\rm km} {\rm s}^{-1} {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$). Future simulations will show statistically which mass spectrum of major and minor mergers contributes to this number. Another important result is the discovery of a substructure-density relation, analogous to the morphology-density relation for galaxies. Here, clusters with asymmetric or multi-modal X-ray surface brightness distributions are located preferentially in regions with higher cluster number densities. The substructure analyses techniques are used to compare the X-ray morphology of 53 clusters with radio halos and relics, and 22 cooling flow clusters with the REFLEX+BCS reference sample. After careful equalization of the different `sensitivities' of the subsamples to substructure detection it is found that the halo and relic sample tends to show more often multi-modal and elongated X-ray surface brightness distributions compared to the REFLEX+BCS reference sample. The cooling flow clusters show more often circular symmetric and unimodal distributions compared to the REFLEX+BCS and the halo/relic reference samples. Both findings further support the idea that radio halos and relics are triggered by merger events, and that pre-existing cooling flows might be disrupted by recent major mergers.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, Figs.1,2 lower resolution than original. Accepted for publication in Astron. Astrophys
Mallinella insolita Dankittipakul & Jocqué & Singtripop 2012, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Dankittipakul, Pakawin
name: Jocqué, Rudy
name: Singtripop, Tippawan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Zodariidae
Mallinella
Mallinella insolita

description: Mallinella insolita sp. nov.
(Figs 1057, 1067–1070, 1077–1079)
 Material examined. Holotype: ♀,  THAILAND, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province:  Sam Roi Yod NP, leg. P.J. Schwendinger (MHNG). Paratype: 1♀, same data as holotype.  THAILAND, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province:  Pranburi, Sam Roi Yod NP, litter sample, 31 December 1988, leg. C.L. and P.R. Deeleman (RMHN).
 Diagnosis. Mallinella insolita sp. nov. can be easily recognized by the bi-colored carapace (Fig. 1057): its dark brown pars cephalica and orange pars thoracica are clearly contrasting. The female genitalia are slightly different from those of M. oculobella sp. nov. in the absence of genital orifices on the epigynal plate.
 Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin adjective (insolitus = strange) alluding to the unusual pattern of the carapace.
 Description. Female  (holotype). Total length 7.50; prosoma 4.22 long, 3.40 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.26, ALE 0.18, PME 0.18, PLE 0.18, AME–AME 0.28, AME–ALE 0.36, PME–PME 0.20, PME–PLE 0.42; MOQ: 0.60 long, 0.42 anterior width, 0.38 posterior width. Leg measurements: I 16.50 (3.96, 5.18, 4.14, 3.22), II 13.68 (3.44, 4.30, 3.44, 2.48), III 13.76 (3.62, 4.14, 3.70, 2.30), IV 19.02 (4.60, 5.60, 5.94, 2.84).
 Coloration (Fig. 1057). Carapace bi-colored: pars cephalica dark brown, pars thoracica orange. Legs yellowish, distally darker than proximal parts. Opisthosoma dark sepia, background mottled with numerous minute pale round spots. Dorsum of opisthosoma with a pair of round spots, connected medially, followed by three chevrons and transverse bands.
 Genitalia (Figs 1067–1070, 1077–1079). Epigynal plate represented by irregular transverse band. Lateral lobes more or less parallel. Spermathecae oblong, short and stout, diverging, ventrally slightly swollen, internally with simple ducts.
 Male. Unknown.
 Natural history. The female holotype was collected by sifting litter and decomposed organic material in limestone forests.
 Distribution. Known only from the type locality in southern Thailand.
description: Published as part of Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Jocqué, Rudy & Singtripop, Tippawan, 2012, Systematics and biogeography of the spider genus Mallinella Strand, 1906, with descriptions of new species and new genera from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Zodariidae) 3369, pp. 1-327 in Zootaxa 3369 (1) on pages 235-237, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3369.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5252563
Femoral fracture load and damage localisation pattern prediction based on a quasi-brittle law : linear and non-linear FE meshing
Creators: name: Hatira, Fafa Ben
name: Nakhli, Zahira
name: Hatira, Fafa
name: Pithioux, Martine
name: Chabrand, Patrick
name: Saanouni, Khemais
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Finite element analysis is one of the most used tool for studying femoral neck fracture. Nerveless, consensus concerning either the choice of material characteristics, damage law and /or geometric models (linear on nonlinear) still remains unreached. In this work, we propose a numerical quasi-brittle damage model to describe the behavior of the proximal femur associated with two methods to evaluate the Young modulus. 8 proximal femur finite elements models were constructed from CT scan data (4 donors, 3 men; 1 woman). The results obtained from the numerical computations showed a good agreement between the numerical curves (load-displacement) and the experimental ones. The computed fracture loads were very close to the experimental ones (R 2 =0.825, Relative error =6.49%). The damage patterns were similar to those observed during the failure during sideway fall experimental simulation. Finally, a comparative study based on 32 simulations, using a linear and nonlinear mesh has led to the conclusion that the results are improved when a nonlinear mesh is used. In summary, the numerical quasi-brittle model presented in this work showed its efficiency to find the experimental values during the simulation of the side fall.
Quasi-particles and their absence in photoemission spectroscopy
Creators: name: Allen, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The elucidation of Landau Fermi liquid quasi-particles and their absence in strongly correlated electron systems lies at the heart of modern research on the quantum mechanics of electrons in condensed matter. Photoemission spectroscopy of the single particle spectral function is a central experimental tool for such studies. A general paradigm of quasi-particle formation is the Fermi level resonance associated with the Kondo physics of the Anderson impurity model, an effective self consisent version of which is utilized in dynamic mean field theories of general lattice systems which may or may not literally display Kondo physics. A general paradigm of quasi-particle absence is the Luttinger liquid physics of the Tomonaga-Luttinger model. This paper presents an overview of the theoretical ideas and shows examples in photoemission spectra, taken from the work of the author and his collaborators, of quasi-particle formation in impurity and lattice Kondo and non-Kondo correlated electron systems, contrasted with quasi-particle absence in a quasi-one-dimensional system.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures, APS Frank Isakson Prize paper
Price Efficiency in U.S. Water Rights Markets
Creators: name: Rimsaite, Renata
name: Fisher-Vanden, Karen A.
name: Olmstead, Sheila M.
name: Rimsaite, Renata
name: Fisher-Vanden, Karen A.
name: Olmstead, Sheila M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: water rights markets
subject: arbitrage-free pricing
subject: water institutions
subject: climate change.

description: With this study we seek to understand the relationship between the sale and one-year lease prices in the U.S. water rights market. Given that the majority of current water rights markets in the U.S. are informal, high in transaction costs, and heterogeneous within and across states, we do not expect for the asset pricing theory to completely explain high variation in prices. Our goal is to understand which part of the pricing can be explained by the arbitrage theory and which part should be attributed to the expectations about the future conditions. Using a unique water rights trading dataset, which consists of water rights sales and one-year leases in six U.S. western states between 1994 and 2007, we follow the Newell et al. (2007) approach applied to New Zealand fisheries, and econometrically analyze the applicability of a present-value asset pricing model to the water rights markets. Our preliminary results show that the asset pricing theory holds in water rights markets, and support our hypothesis that the U.S. water rights market is less efficient than the fishing quota market in New Zealand. We further analyze what policies lead to different water rights pricing mechanisms across and within the studied states.
FRW dark energy cosmological model with hybrid expansion law
Creators: name: Goswami, G. K.
name: Pradhan, Anirudh
name: Mishra, Meena
name: Beesham, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study a cosmological model of spatially homogeneous and isotropic accelerating universe which exhibits a transition from deceleration to acceleration. For this, Friedmann Robertson Walker(FRW) metric is taken and Hybrid expansion law $a(t)=t^α \exp(βt )$ is proposed and derived. We consider the universe to be filled with two types of fluids barotropic and dark energy which have variable equations of state. The evolution of dark energy, Hubble, and deceleration parameters etc., have been described in the form of tables and figures. We consider $581$ data's of observed values of distance modulus of various SNe Ia type supernovae from union $2.1$ compilation to compare our theoretical results with observations and found that model satisfies current observational constraints. We have also calculated the time and redshift at which acceleration in the Universe had commenced.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Bagrada (Nitilia) abeillei Puton 1881
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Bagrada
Bagrada abeillei

description: Bagrada (Nitilia) abeillei Puton, 1881
 Material studied. GILAN: Manjil, 13 specimens, 16.v.-14.vi.1995, 26.vi.1996, 22.ix.1998, 6.-10.v.2001; Sang Rud, 1 specimen, 4.viii.1998; Sang Rud – Jirandeh, 2 specimens, 31.v.1995, 26.viii.1996; Tutkabon – Rudbar, 1 specimen, 2.viii.1998. ZANJAN: Gilvan, 1 specimen, 11.-13.x.2000; Mamalan, 4 specimens, 12.-14.v.2001, 4.-6.vi.2002. SEMNAN: Shahrud, Rowyan, 1 specimen, 3.-4.vii.2004. KHORASAN: Darreh Gaz, 2 specimens, 15.vi.1994; Tabas, 1 specimen, 16.-17.iv.1994.
 Comments. In steppes and fields. Eastern Mediterranean, known from Greece, Egypt, Turkey, Caucasus, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and Saudi Arabia.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2008, Studies on the Acanthosomatidae, Scutelleridae and Pentatomidae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran, pp. 1-21 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5342454
Nanoreactor activated in situ for starvation-chemodynamic therapy of breast cancer
Creators: name: Gao, Linyu
name: Xuan, Xiangyang
name: Sui, Mingli
name: Wang, Jingjing
name: Wang, Yaping
name: Zhang, Huijuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biochemistry
Pharmacology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: The nano-drug delivery system activated by the tumour microenvironment (TME) can effectively treat tumours with low toxicity. Based on a high level of reductive GSH in TME and the different coordination properties of Fe ions, this project intended to prepare a GSH-activated cascade catalytic nanoreactor for breast cancer treatment using Fe3+/Fe2+ as the molecular switch. In this study, the glucose oxidase (GOx) loaded iron alginate nano hydrogel (FeAlg/GOx) was prepared by the simple one-step titration method. Results showed that FeAlg/GOx could remain stable during in vivo circulation to avoid hypoglycaemia. When it reached the targeted tumour site, reductive GSH can reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+. Thereafter, FeAlg/GOx nanogel was broken and GOx was released to consume the essential nutrient glucose (Glu) to achieve tumour starvation therapy. Next, the substrate H2O2 generated by the reaction between GOx and Glu can be catalysed by Fe2+ to produce highly cytotoxic •OH in situ, which could further kill tumour cells. The in vivo pharmacodynamics results demonstrated that compared with the control group (V/V0 = 8.36 ± 1.73), FeAlg/GOx group showed the most significant anti-tumour effect with V/V0 of 3.08 ± 1.06. In conclusion, this "inactivated" FeAlg/GOx nanogel can be converted into "activated" therapeutic substances in situ to achieve starvation-chemodynamic combined treatment for breast cancer.
Clouds and Chemistry: Ultracool Dwarf Atmospheric Properties from Optical and Infrared Colors
Creators: name: Marley, M. S.
name: Seager, S.
name: Saumon, D.
name: Lodders, K.
name: Ackerman, A. S.
name: Freedman, R.
name: Fan, X
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical and infrared colors of L and T dwarfs are sensitive to cloud sedimentation and chemical equilibrium processes in their atmospheres. The i'-z' vs. J-K color-color diagram provides a window into diverse atmospheric processes mainly because different chemical processes govern each color, and cloud opacity largely affects J-K but not i'-z'. Using theoretical atmosphere models that include for the first time a self-consistent treatment of cloud formation, we present an interpretation of the i'-z' vs. J-K color trends of known L and T dwarfs. We find that the i'-z' color is extremely sensitive to chemical equilibrium assumptions: chemical equilibrium models accounting for cloud sedimentation predict redder i'-z' colors--by up to 2 magnitudes--than models that neglect sedimentation. We explore the previously known J-K color trends where objects first become redder, then bluer with decreasing effective temperature. Only models that include sedimentation of condensates are able to reproduce these trends. We find that the exact track of a cooling brown in J-K (and i'-z') is very sensitive to the details of clouds, in particular to the efficiency of sedimentation of condensates in its atmosphere. We also find that clouds still affect the strength of the J, H, and K band fluxes of even the coolest T dwarfs. In addition, we predict the locus in the i'-z' vs. J-K color-color diagram of brown dwarfs cooler than yet discovered.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, AASTex, accepted by Astrophysical Journal; replacement version substantially expands discussion of clouds and chemical processes and adds figure showing model temperature profiles
CHARACTERISTICS OF LAND RESOURCES AND SOIL COVER IN THE VINNITSA REGION
Creators: name: Pelech, L.
Publisher: name: Sciences of Europe
Year: 2021
Subjects: soil
humus
fertility
soil cover
nutrients substances.

description: Soil has traditionally been the primary means of agricultural production. It is a valuable asset of our country. Ukraine has 5.7% of Europe's land area 60,354.8 thousand hectares. Ukraine accounts for 5.7% of the territory of Europe and amounts to 60354.8 thousand hectares. By the area of agricultural land and arable land Ukraine ranks first in Europe. Europe. At the same time, with such a large land fund According to various scientific assessments, Ukraine is capable of providing food for 250-320 million people, while at the same time it is the richest in the world in black soil. According to scientists, Ukraine is unable to feed 250-320 million people, although it cannot guarantee its own food security [1]. guarantee its own food security [1,2]. Vinnitsa region from the position of assessing its land and resource potential Vinnytsia is a powerful and promising region from the point of view of its land and resource potential. Resources in its total natural-resources potential (79,11%). Vinnitsa region takes the first place among other regions at an average level of this indicator in Ukraine 44,11%. Ukraine 44,38%. Thus, today the main objective is the rational use of land and resources in the region. The main task today is the rational use of the land and resource potential in the agricultural production. The rational use of land and resource potential in the agricultural manufacture which requires an appropriate scientific ensuring. It is a comprehensive analysis of the soil cover of Vinnitsa region from the point of view of position of assessment of factors of soil formation, regime characteristics in the context of the main types of soils and, on the basis of that, the analysis of key directions increase of general efficiency of the use of soil of the region is the purpose of work [2].
Entanglement measures of bipartite quantum gates and their thermalization under arbitrary interaction strength
Creators: name: Jonnadula, Bhargavi
name: Mandayam, Prabha
name: Życzkowski, Karol
name: Lakshminarayan, Arul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement properties of bipartite unitary operators are studied via their local invariants, namely the entangling power $e_p$ and a complementary quantity, the gate typicality $g_t$. We characterize the boundaries of the set $K_2$ representing all two-qubit gates projected onto the plane $(e_p, g_t)$ showing that the fractional powers of the \textsc{swap} operator form a parabolic boundary of $K_2$, while the other bounds are formed by two straight lines. In this way a family of gates with extreme properties is identified and analyzed. We also show that the parabolic curve representing powers of \textsc{swap} persists in the set $K_N$, for gates of higher dimensions ($N>2$). Furthermore, we study entanglement of bipartite quantum gates applied sequentially $n$ times and analyze the influence of interlacing local unitary operations, which model generic Hamiltonian dynamics. An explicit formula for the entangling power a gate applied $n$ times averaged over random local unitary dynamics is derived for an arbitrary dimension of each subsystem. This quantity shows an exponential saturation to the value predicted by the random matrix theory (RMT), indicating "thermalization" in the entanglement properties of sequentially applied quantum gates that can have arbitrarily small, but nonzero, entanglement to begin with. The thermalization is further characterized by the spectral properties of the reshuffled and partially transposed unitary matrices.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
The Influencing Factors and Inter-Group Differences for Urban Residents' Behavior of Consuming Edible Vegetable Oil
Creators: name: WU, Qi
name: MA, Wenjie
name: WU, Qi
name: MA, Wenjie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Urban residents
subject: Edible vegetable oil
subject: Consuming behavior
subject: Factor analysis
subject: Inter-group differences

description: To clarify the determinant factors and inter-group differences of Chinese urban residents’ edible vegetable oil consuming behavior is very important for us to understand their consumption features of edible vegetable oil, so as to guide their consuming behavior and improve China’s vegetable oil industry security. In this article, urban residents of China’s three traditional vegetable oil main production areas have been chosen as study objects, and multiple linear regression and one-way ANOVA have been used to do empirical analysis on the determinant factors and inter-group differences of their edible vegetable oil consuming behavior. The results indicate that the edible vegetable oil consuming behavior of urban residents from China’s three traditional vegetable oil main production areas show a trend of diversification; "publicity measures", "preference evaluation", "personal characteristics" and "family characteristics" remarkably affect urban residents’ edible vegetable oil consuming behavior and show obvious provincial characteristics. In addition, urban residents from different groups show differences in terms of "publicity measures" and “preference evaluation”.
The BeppoSAX 0.1 - 100 keV Spectrum of the X-ray Pulsar 4U 1538-52
Creators: name: Robba, N. R.
name: Burderi, L.
name: Di Salvo, T.
name: Iaria, R.
name: Cusumano, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of temporal and spectral analysis performed on the X-ray pulsar 4U 1538-52 observed by BeppoSAX. We obtained a new estimate of the spin period of the neutron star P=528.24 \pm 0.01 s (corrected for the orbital motion of the X-ray source): the source is still in the spin-up state, as since 1988. The pulse profile is double peaked, although significant variations of the relative intensity of the peaks with energy are present. The broad band (0.12-100 keV) out-of-eclipse spectrum is well described by an absorbed power law modified by a high energy cutoff at \sim 16 keV (e-folding energy \sim 10 keV) plus an iron emission line at \sim 6.4 keV. A cyclotron line at \sim 21 keV is present. The width of the line is consistent with thermal Doppler broadening at the temperature of the exponential cutoff. We searched for the presence of the second harmonic, previously reported for this source. We found no evidence of lines at \sim 42 keV, although an absorption feature at 51 keV seems to be present (at 99% confidence level). A soft excess, modelled by a blackbody with a temperature of \sim 0.08 keV could be present, probably emitted by the matter at the magnetosphere. We also performed a spectral analysis during the X-ray eclipse. The spectral evolution during the eclipse can be well described by a progressive covering of the primary Comptonization spectrum that is scattered into the line of sight. During the deep eclipse this spectrum also softens, suggesting that the dust-scattered component becomes important. An alternative, more complex model, with an emission iron line and scattered components (as the one that has been used to fit the eclipse of Centaurus X-3), also gives a good fit of the deep-eclipse data.
description: 12 pages, including 6 figures. To appear in ApJ
EFFECT OF PROPICONAZOLE FUNGICIDE IN LEMON QUALITY: LEMON STORING EXPERIMENT WITH THE CHEMICAL METHOD
Creators: name: Jurakhonzoda, R.
Publisher: name: Sciences of Europe
Year: 2021
Subjects: fungicide
pH
dry substances
shelf-Life
postharvest loss
lemon fruit

description: The aim of this study was to determine the advanced methods of preserving lemon and thus increase farmers' income by selling lemon in the off-season period in the Republic of Tajikistan. The article presents the influence and effect of fungicide Propiconazole in lemon storage. In fact, losses after harvesting and during storage can vary from 25% up to 40% depending on the level of developed countries. According to statistics, on average when the farmers store 35 kg in each box during the sale in April they would have 27 kg. Preventing these losses is one of the most important issues for producers, intermediaries, and exporters. Very often storage facilities have a structure in which fungal diseases can develop rapidly due to high moisture content and other dry substances. In this regard, the international practice of fungicides is widely used to protect the fruit against fungal diseases during storage. However, in Tajikistan for storing lemon fungicides are not applied properly. In this regard, an experiment was conducted on the use of fungicides in storage lemon. Fungicide Propiconazole, which is allowed for use in postharvest practice, will be studied in Tajikistan. For the experiment were chosen two options: 1) control variant without treatment fungicides and 2) experimental variant-treated fungicides. The results showed that the experimental version which was treated with fungicides prolongs the shelf life of the fruits of lemon, thus fruit weight and quality losses are not negatively influenced.
On the Government Function Orientation in China's Agricultural Management Reform
Creators: name: CHEN, Dongfang
name: CHEN, Dongfang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: China
subject: Agricultural management reform
subject: Government function orientation

description: Since the reform and opening up, China's market-oriented agricultural management reform has achieved remarkable results, but the reform has not yet been put in place, and there are some flaws in some areas of reform. To deepen the reform of government's agricultural management reform under the new situation, it is necessary to further define the boundary between government and market on the basis of following the general rules of world's agricultural development and considering China's special situation of agriculture, nail down the scope of government functions, pinpoint the key areas of reform, and actively promote the rapid development of China's characteristic modern agriculture.
Helicoidal excitonic phase in an electron-hole double layer system
Creators: name: Chen, Ke
name: Shindou, Ryuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose helicoidal excitonic phase in a Coulomb-coupled two-dimensional electron-hole double layer (EHDL) system with relativistic spin-orbit interaction. Previously, it was demonstrated that layered InAs/AlSb/GaInSb heterostructure is an ideal experimental platform for searching excitonic condensate phases, while its electron layer has non-negligible Rashba interaction. We clarify that due to the Rashba term, the spin-triplet (spin-1) exciton field in the EHDL system forms a helicoidal structure and the helicoid plane can be controlled by an in-plane Zeeman field. We show that due to small but finite Dirac term in the heavy hole layer the helicoidal structure of the excitonic field under the in-plane field results in a helicoidal {\it magnetic} order in the electron layer. Based on linearization analyses, we further calculate momentum-energy dispersions of low-energy Goldstone modes in the helicoidal excitonic phase. We discuss possible experimental probes of the excitonic phase in the EHDL system.
description: 14 pages
Economic Effect of China's Rural Financial Market Growth during 1952-2013
Creators: name: HE, Xi
name: LONG, Siyuan
name: HE, Xi
name: LONG, Siyuan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rural financial market
subject: Quantitative growth
subject: Qualitative growth
subject: Rural economy

description: Through study, it is found that since 1952, there has been a long-run equilibrium relationship between China's rural financial market growth and rural economic growth, the government-led rural financial market growth has effectively supported rural economic growth, and increasing the farmers' financing ratio has always helped to boost long-term growth of the rural economy. However, dominated by market mechanism from 1978, there is only one-way support relationship: rural economic growth brings about quantitative growth of rural financial market.
PeV Cosmic Rays: A Window on the Leptonic Era?
Creators: name: Wigmans, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a variety of characteristic features of the high-energy hadronic cosmic ray spectra, in particular the abrupt changes in the spectral index that occur around 3 PeV and 300 PeV, as well as the corresponding changes in elemental composition that are evident from kinks in the $$ distribution, can be explained in great detail from interactions with relic Big Bang antineutrinos, provided that the latter have a rest mass of $\sim 0.5$ eV/$c^2$.
description: Accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics
Eurydema (Eurydema) laticollis Horvath 1907
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Eurydema
Eurydema laticollis

description: Eurydema (Eurydema) laticollis Horváth, 1907
 Material studied. ARDABIL: 10 km W of Khalkhal, 1 specimen and 1 nymph, 8.-9.vii.2002.
 Comments. In a mountain steppe. Known from southern Russia, Turkey, and Iran.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2008, Studies on the Acanthosomatidae, Scutelleridae and Pentatomidae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran, pp. 1-21 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5342454