cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Failure Tolerance of the Human Lumbar Spine in Combined Compression and Flexion Loading
Creators: name: Tushak, S. K.
name: Donlon, J. P.
name: Gepner, B. D.
name: Chebbi, A.
name: Pipkorn, B.
name: Hallman, J. J.
name: Forman, J. L.
name: Kerrigan, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Vehicle safety systems have substantially decreased motor vehicle crash-related injuries and fatalities, but injuries to the lumbar spine still have been reported. Experimental and computational analyses of upright and, particularly, reclined occupants in frontal crashes have shown that the lumbar spine can be subjected to axial compression followed by combined compression-flexion loading. Lumbar spine failure tolerance in combined compression-flexion has not been widely explored in the literature. Therefore, the goal of this study was to measure the failure tolerance of the lumbar spine in combined compression and flexion. Forty 3-vertebra lumbar spine segments were pre-loaded with axial compression and then subjected to dynamic flexion bending until failure. Clinically relevant middle vertebra fractures were observed in twenty-one of the specimens, including compression and burst fractures. The remaining nineteen specimens experienced failure at the potting grip interface. Since specimen characteristics and pre-test axial load varied widely within the sample, failure forces (mean 3.4 kN, range 1.6-5.1 kN) and moments (mean 73 Nm, range 0-181 Nm) also varied widely. Tobit univariate regressions were performed to determine the relationship between censored failure tolerance and specimen sex, segment type (upper/lower), age, and cross-sectional area. Age, sex, and cross-sectional area significantly affected failure force and moment individually (p<0.0024). These data can be used to develop injury prediction tools for lumbar spine fractures and further research in future safety systems.
description: 24 pages, 10 tables/figures
Transferable Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework for Autonomous Vehicles with Joint Radar-Data Communications
Creators: name: Hieu, Nguyen Quang
name: Hoang, Dinh Thai
name: Niyato, Dusit
name: Wang, Ping
name: Kim, Dong In
name: Yuen, Chau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) are required to operate safely and efficiently in dynamic environments. For this, the AVs equipped with Joint Radar-Communications (JRC) functions can enhance the driving safety by utilizing both radar detection and data communication functions. However, optimizing the performance of the AV system with two different functions under uncertainty and dynamic of surrounding environments is very challenging. In this work, we first propose an intelligent optimization framework based on the Markov Decision Process (MDP) to help the AV make optimal decisions in selecting JRC operation functions under the dynamic and uncertainty of the surrounding environment. We then develop an effective learning algorithm leveraging recent advances of deep reinforcement learning techniques to find the optimal policy for the AV without requiring any prior information about surrounding environment. Furthermore, to make our proposed framework more scalable, we develop a Transfer Learning (TL) mechanism that enables the AV to leverage valuable experiences for accelerating the training process when it moves to a new environment. Extensive simulations show that the proposed transferable deep reinforcement learning framework reduces the obstacle miss detection probability by the AV up to 67% compared to other conventional deep reinforcement learning approaches.
Deep searches for X-ray pulsations from Scorpius X-1 and Cygnus X-2 in support of continuous gravitational wave searches
Creators: name: Galaudage, Shanika
name: Wette, Karl
name: Galloway, Duncan K.
name: Messenger, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron stars in low mass X-ray binaries are hypothesised to emit continuous gravitational waves that may be detectable by ground-based observatories. The torque balance model predicts that a higher accretion rate produces larger-amplitude gravitational waves, hence low mass X-ray binaries with high X-ray flux are promising targets for gravitational wave searches. The detection of X-ray pulsations would identify the spin frequency of these neutron stars, and thereby improve the sensitivity of continuous gravitational-wave searches by reducing the volume of the search parameter space. We perform a semi-coherent search for pulsations in the two low mass X-ray binaries Scorpius X-1 and Cygnus X-2 using X-ray data from the \textit{ Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer} Proportional Counter Array. We find no clear evidence for pulsations, and obtain upper limits (at $90\%$ confidence) on the fractional pulse amplitude, with the most stringent being $0.034\%$ for Scorpius X-1 and $0.23\%$ for Cygnus X-2. These upper limits improve upon those of Vaughan et al. (1994) by factors of $\sim 8.2$ and $\sim 1.6$ respectively.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
Lattice Conditional Independence Models and Hibi Ideals
Creators: name: Caines, Peter
name: Mohammadi, Fatemeh
name: de Cabezón, Eduardo Sáenz
name: Wynn, Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Lattice Conditional Independence models are a class of models developed first for the Gaussian case in which a distributive lattice classifies all the conditional independence statements. The main result is that these models can equivalently be described via a transitive directed acyclic graph (TDAG) in which, as is normal for causal models, the conditional independence is in terms of conditioning on ancestors in the graph. We demonstrate that a parallel stream of research in algebra, the theory of Hibi ideals, not only maps directly to the LCI models but gives a vehicle to generalise the theory from the linear Gaussian case. Given a distributive lattice (i) each conditional independence statement is associated with a Hibi relation defined on the lattice, (ii) the directed graph is given by chains in the lattice which correspond to chains of conditional independence, (iii) the elimination ideal of product terms in the chains gives the Hibi ideal and (iv) the TDAG can be recovered from a special bipartite graph constructed via the Alexander dual of the Hibi ideal. It is briefly demonstrated that there are natural applications to statistical log-linear models, time series, and Shannon information flow.
Technology in Education
Creators: name: FUNK, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150308 International Business
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 130203 Economics, Business and Management Curriculum and Pedagogy
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified

description: Technology has been at the center of transforming education for the teachers and the learners. In medieval times, learning materials such as books were only available for the elites and wealthy, who would then be provided with educational opportunities. There are massive learning materials available at one's fingertips due to technological advancement in the current period.
title: Beiträge zum 28. Darmstädter Geotechnik-Kolloquium am 09. März 2022
Creators: name: Arnold, Patrick
name: Bathaeian, Iman
name: Böhle, Björn
name: Chmyznikov, Edvard
name: Christen, Martin
name: Detert, Oliver
name: Gasparik, Matus
name: Gottwald, Jonas
name: Grabe, Jürgen
name: Grübl, Fritz
name: Haddad, Fadi
name: Heisig, Anne
name: Henke, Sascha
name: Henssler, Torsten
name: Hölzel, Michael
name: Huber, Heiko
name: Ibuk, Hursit
name: Jehle, Jens
name: Jürgens, Hauke
name: Kaffenberger, Franz
name: Katzenbach, Rolf
name: Kirchner, Andreas
name: Kirchner, Sven
name: Kötzel, Friedemann
name: Kummerer, Clemens
name: Kuttig, Heiko
name: Labenski, Johannes
name: Meyer, David
name: Neumann, Malte
name: Nguyen, Luan
name: Niesel, Isabelle
name: Pandrea, Paul
name: Pöchacker, Christian
name: Rothmund, Michael
name: Schädlich, Bert
name: Schäfers, Peter
name: Schneider-Muntau, Barbara
name: Schnell, Sebastian
name: Schweckendiek, Timo
name: Schweinberger, Manuel
name: Seip, Matthias
name: Trunk, Ulrich
name: Vernikovsky, Maryna
name: Vogel, Paul
name: Wagner, Matthias
name: Weber, Florian
name: Wehr, Christoph
name: Werth, Henning von der
name: Wilhelm, Sigrid
name: Zachert, Hauke
name: Technische Universität Darmstadt. Institut Für Geotechnik
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2024

description: Themenschwerpunkte:

1. Modell- und Feldversuche

2. Digitalisierung und künstliche Intelligenz in der Geotechnik

3. Nationale und internationale Großprojekte

4. Normung und Rechtliches
Hypercontracts
Creators: name: Incer, Inigo
name: Benveniste, Albert
name: Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Alberto
name: Seshia, Sanjit A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contract theories have been proposed to formally support distributed and decentralized system design while ensuring safe system integration. In this paper we propose hypercontracts, a generic model with a richer structure for its underlying model of components, subsuming simulation preorders. While this new model remains generic, it provides a much more elegant and richer algebra for its key notions of refinement, parallel composition, and quotient, and it allows inclusion of new operations. On top of these foundations, we propose conic hypercontracts, which are still generic but come with a finite description.
การจัดประสบการณ์การเรียนรู้โดยใช้ปัญหาเป็นฐานด้วยเทคนิคการเสริมแรงบวกผ่านการเล่านิทานเพื่อพัฒนาพฤติกรรมด้านคุณธรรมและจริยธรรมของเด็กระดับชั้นปฐมวัย
Creators: name: สุรารักษ์ แก้วชะมอญ
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2563
Subjects: การจัดประสบการณ์การเรียนรู้, การเรียนรู้โดยใช้ปัญหาเป็นฐาน, การเสริมแรงบวกผ่านการเล่านิทาน, การพัฒนาพฤติกรรม, คุณธรรมและจริยธรรมของเด็กระดับชั้นปฐมวัย

description: วารสารรังสิตบัณฑิตศึกษาในกลุ่มธุรกิจและสังคมศาสตร์, 6, 2, หน้า 136-149
MARKET POTENTIAL AND PROSPECTS FOR INTERNATIONAL FRANCHISES
Creators: name: Khodjayev, Anvar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article covers key aspects of international franchising, including important factors such as cultural fit, legal and regulatory issues, economic and political stability, competition and technological change. In addition, the strategies and methods used by franchisors to solve the problems are also presented. Through these strategies, a franchise system can optimize its operations and succeed on a global scale. It also provides franchisors and other business owners with information and insights to help them expand their businesses globally.
Network insensitivity to parameter noise via adversarial regularization
Creators: name: Büchel, Julian
name: Faber, Fynn
name: Muir, Dylan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neuromorphic neural network processors, in the form of compute-in-memory crossbar arrays of memristors, or in the form of subthreshold analog and mixed-signal ASICs, promise enormous advantages in compute density and energy efficiency for NN-based ML tasks. However, these technologies are prone to computational non-idealities, due to process variation and intrinsic device physics. This degrades the task performance of networks deployed to the processor, by introducing parameter noise into the deployed model. While it is possible to calibrate each device, or train networks individually for each processor, these approaches are expensive and impractical for commercial deployment. Alternative methods are therefore needed to train networks that are inherently robust against parameter variation, as a consequence of network architecture and parameters. We present a new adversarial network optimisation algorithm that attacks network parameters during training, and promotes robust performance during inference in the face of parameter variation. Our approach introduces a regularization term penalising the susceptibility of a network to weight perturbation. We compare against previous approaches for producing parameter insensitivity such as dropout, weight smoothing and introducing parameter noise during training. We show that our approach produces models that are more robust to targeted parameter variation, and equally robust to random parameter variation. Our approach finds minima in flatter locations in the weight-loss landscape compared with other approaches, highlighting that the networks found by our technique are less sensitive to parameter perturbation. Our work provides an approach to deploy neural network architectures to inference devices that suffer from computational non-idealities, with minimal loss of performance. ...
นวัตกรรมสังคมการเรียนรู้สนามเด็กเล่นสร้างปัญญา
Creators: name: ณัฐชานันท์  โชตินิรันตนานุกูล
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2563
Subjects: นวัตกรรมสังคม, การเรียนรู้, สนามเด็กเล่น

description: วารสารรังสิตบัณฑิตศึกษาในกลุ่มธุรกิจและสังคมศาสตร์, 6, 2, หน้า 150-163
Arsenic in drinking water and governance issues: A case study from Italy
Creators: name: Melloni, Gian Maria
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90509 Water Resources Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Arsenic is “one of the chemicals of greatest health concern” (WHO, 2011b, p.315). Chronic high exposure to arsenic through drinking water is a major factor of health hazard, including carcinogenic effects. The health hazards associated with the presence of arsenic in drinking water, though, did not start receiving due attention before the 1990s, when in large parts of Bangladesh high morbidity and mortality rates were recorded and put in relation with elevated arsenic concentrations in drinking water. The WHO lowered the guideline value for arsenic in drinking water from 50µg/l to 10µg/l in 1993. In 1998 the European Commission issued the Directive 98/83 on “the quality of water intended for human consumption”. The Directive updated the drinking-water standards to be applied in the EU countries, by establishing 48 health-related water quality parameters, divided into microbiological, chemical and indicator parameters. Some of those parameters were made more stringent than in the previous European legislation (Directive 80/778 of 1980). Arsenic – a chemical parameter - was one of those, having the standard value drastically lowered from 50µg/l to 10µg/l, reflecting the WHO guidelines. Directive 98/83 accorded a degree of flexibility to Member States as regards the timescale for compliance with those quality standards, by setting a system of derogation that gave Member States the time to plan and to implement any infrastructural upgrades needed....
Situation analysis and recommendations for an improved wastewater disposal system at Saint Francis Hospital in Zambia
Creators: name: Keller, Mirco
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90409 Wastewater Treatment Processes
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: This study is the result of a collaboration between HATW (Hands around the World, a British charity) and WEDC. An agreement has been made between Jim Oliver (HATW trustee), Bob Reed (WEDC, supervisor of MSc thesis) and Mirco Keller (WEDC MSc student) in order to carry out this study within the limits of an MSc dissertation. Funding for the study was obtained from the Waterloo Foundation with the initiative from HATW....
การจัดการองค์การสีเขียวของโรงแรมที่เป็นมิตรกับสิ่งแวดล้อมในภาคใต้ฝั่งตะวันตกของประเทศไทย
Creators: name: ทศพร กาญจนภมรพัฒน์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2563
Subjects: การจัดการองค์การสีเขียวของโรงแรม, หลัก3R, ภาวะผู้นำ, วัฒนธรรมองค์การ, บริการสีเขียว

description: วารสารรังสิตบัณฑิตศึกษาในกลุ่มธุรกิจและสังคมศาสตร์, 6, 2, หน้า 164-182
Detecting mesoscale structures by surprise
Creators: name: Marchese, Emiliano
name: Caldarelli, Guido
name: Squartini, Tiziano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of identifying the presence of mesoscale structures in complex networks can be hardly overestimated. So far, much attention has been devoted to the detection of communities, bipartite and core-periphery structures on binary networks: such an effort has led to the definition of a unified framework based upon the score function called surprise, i.e. a p-value that can be assigned to any given partition of nodes, on both undirected and directed networks. Here, we aim at making a step further, by extending the entire framework to the weighted case: after reviewing the application of the surprise-based formalism to the detection of binary mesoscale structures, we present a suitable generalization of it for detecting weighted mesoscale structures, a topic that has received much less attention. To this aim, we analyze four variants of the surprise; from a technical point of view, this amounts at employing four variants of the hypergeometric distribution: the binomial one for the detection of binary communities, the multinomial one for the detection of binary "bimodular" structures and their negative counterparts for the detection of communities and "bimodular" structures on weighted networks. On top of that, we define two "enhanced" variants of surprise, able to encode both binary and weighted constraints and whose definition rests upon two suitable generalizations of the hypergeometric distribution itself. As a result, we present a general, statistically-grounded approach to detect mesoscale structures on networks via a unified, suprise-based framework. To illustrate the performance of our methods, we, first, test them on a variety of well-established, synthetic benchmarks and, then, apply them to several real-world networks, i.e. social, economic, financial and ecological ones. Moreover, we attach to the paper a Python code implementing all the considered variants of surprise.
description: 32 pages, 4 tables, 12 figures. Python code available at: https://github.com/EmilianoMarchese/SurpriseMeMore
Soft Truncation: A Universal Training Technique of Score-based Diffusion Model for High Precision Score Estimation
Creators: name: Kim, Dongjun
name: Shin, Seungjae
name: Song, Kyungwoo
name: Kang, Wanmo
name: Moon, Il-Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in diffusion models bring state-of-the-art performance on image generation tasks. However, empirical results from previous research in diffusion models imply an inverse correlation between density estimation and sample generation performances. This paper investigates with sufficient empirical evidence that such inverse correlation happens because density estimation is significantly contributed by small diffusion time, whereas sample generation mainly depends on large diffusion time. However, training a score network well across the entire diffusion time is demanding because the loss scale is significantly imbalanced at each diffusion time. For successful training, therefore, we introduce Soft Truncation, a universally applicable training technique for diffusion models, that softens the fixed and static truncation hyperparameter into a random variable. In experiments, Soft Truncation achieves state-of-the-art performance on CIFAR-10, CelebA, CelebA-HQ 256x256, and STL-10 datasets.
description: 28 pages, 16 figures, 15 tables
Information Geometry of Reversible Markov Chains
Creators: name: Wolfer, Geoffrey
name: Watanabe, Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We analyze the information geometric structure of time reversibility for parametric families of irreducible transition kernels of Markov chains. We define and characterize reversible exponential families of Markov kernels, and show that irreducible and reversible Markov kernels form both a mixture family and, perhaps surprisingly, an exponential family in the set of all stochastic kernels. We propose a parametrization of the entire manifold of reversible kernels, and inspect reversible geodesics. We define information projections onto the reversible manifold, and derive closed-form expressions for the e-projection and m-projection, along with Pythagorean identities with respect to information divergence, leading to some new notion of reversiblization of Markov kernels. We show the family of edge measures pertaining to irreducible and reversible kernels also forms an exponential family among distributions over pairs. We further explore geometric properties of the reversible family, by comparing them with other remarkable families of stochastic matrices. Finally, we show that reversible kernels are, in a sense we define, the minimal exponential family generated by the m-family of symmetric kernels, and the smallest mixture family that comprises the e-family of memoryless kernels.
Первый подвиг Александра Ярославича (К 780-летию Невской битвы)
Creators: name: Александр Якимович Дегтярев
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2020
Subjects: Александр Невский
история России
Невская битва
шведская экспансия
русская государственность
река Ижора

description: В статье рассмотрены обстоятельства Невской битвы. На основании анализа источников и исторического контекста автор приходит к выводу, что Александр Ярославич вынужден был вести сражение сразу на обоих берегах реки Ижоры. Целью шведов было — окопаться на берегах реки и построить крепость. Перспективный обзор показал, что шведы планомерно пытались добиться контроля над Невой и Финским заливом в течение нескольких столетий. Невская битва положила конец первой подобной попытке шведов, дав возможность русской государственности осуществиться после снятия ордынского ига.
Spacing effect on pool boiling performance of three triangular pitched and vertically oriented tubes
Creators: name: Nikulin, Artem
name: Dauvergne, Jean-Luc
name: Ortuondo, Asier
name: del Barrio, Elena Palomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a scarcity of available data on boiling process in vertically oriented tube bundles in accessible sources. Lack of systematic studies is limiting further expansion of this highly efficient process of heat transfer into heat recovery field. In this paper boiling process of three triangular pitched and vertically oriented tubes has been studied in ethanol at 78$^{\circ}$C. The main focus of this work was to study the effect of tube spacings on heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and bubbles behavior (bubble departure diameter in particular) that were visualised with the help of a high speed camera. Experiments were performed in a wide range of tube spacings (from 10.75 to 0.25 mm) and heat flux densities (from 3 to 70 kW/m$^2$). The obtained results show that, long spacings i.e., much longer than bubble departure diameter, have no influence on HTC as well as on bubbles behavior. On the contrary, the spacings on the order of the bubble departure diameter tend to create slug flow in the bundle, that is very beneficial for the heat exchange at low heat fluxes. Finally, narrow spacings that are much shorter than the bubble departure diameter have shown the potential to enhance the HTC in tube bundles with low length to diameter ratios.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures
Александр Невский — прародитель и нравственный фундамент Российского государства
Creators: name: Андрей Петрович Богданов
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2020
Subjects: Александр Невский
русское самосознание
нравственность
российская государственность

description: Статья посвящена выявлению нравственного основания для действий князя Александра Ярославича. Автор исходит из того, что Прародителем Московского царства, которое в 1612 г. получило от «Совета всея земли» название «Великая Россия», князь Александр Ярославич Невский являлся династически. Но в еще большей мере — нравственно. Именно его пример был и остается фундаментальным для русского государственного самосознания.
Any equation is a forest: Symbolic genetic algorithm for discovering open-form partial differential equations (SGA-PDE)
Creators: name: Chen, Yuntian
name: Luo, Yingtao
name: Liu, Qiang
name: Xu, Hao
name: Zhang, Dongxiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Partial differential equations (PDEs) are concise and understandable representations of domain knowledge, which are essential for deepening our understanding of physical processes and predicting future responses. However, the PDEs of many real-world problems are uncertain, which calls for PDE discovery. We propose the symbolic genetic algorithm (SGA-PDE) to discover open-form PDEs directly from data without prior knowledge about the equation structure. SGA-PDE focuses on the representation and optimization of PDE. Firstly, SGA-PDE uses symbolic mathematics to realize the flexible representation of any given PDE, transforms a PDE into a forest, and converts each function term into a binary tree. Secondly, SGA-PDE adopts a specially designed genetic algorithm to efficiently optimize the binary trees by iteratively updating the tree topology and node attributes. The SGA-PDE is gradient-free, which is a desirable characteristic in PDE discovery since it is difficult to obtain the gradient between the PDE loss and the PDE structure. In the experiment, SGA-PDE not only successfully discovered nonlinear Burgers' equation, Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, and Chafee-Infante equation, but also handled PDEs with fractional structure and compound functions that cannot be solved by conventional PDE discovery methods.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures
Вечевой Новгород — город св. Александра Невского как феномен русской истории
Creators: name: Алексей Владимирович Петров
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2020
Subjects: Великий Новгород
«одиначество»
«усобицы»
вече
вечевой уклад
городские стороны
городские концы
вечевой город-земля
«волость»

description: Статья посвящена обсуждению характера и итогов социально-политического развития Великого Новгорода X–XV вв., периода существования вечевого строя. Автор характеризует историографию проблемы и даёт панораму своих исследований в контексте современной историографической ситуации.
Когда родился Александр Невский?
Creators: name: Константин Александрович Аверьянов
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2020
Subjects: Александр Ярославич Невский
Ярослав Всеволодович
Всеволод Юрьевич Большое Гнездо
княжеские «постриги»
Н. Г. Бережков
В. А. Кучкин
мартовский календарный стиль

description: Русские летописи не содержат прямого известия о дате рождения Александра Невского. Исследователи предполагают, что он был вторым сыном князя Ярослава Всеволодовича и появился на свет вскоре после рождения его первенца Федора, которое было отмечено летописцами. Было высказано мнение, что Александр Невский родился в 1220 г. В. А. Кучкин, исходя из мнения Н. Г. Бережкова о мартовском стиле статьи 6727 г. в Первой новгородской летописи, считает, что Александр родился в следующем 1221 г. Выяснить его год рождения позволяет анализ традиции «постригов» княжичей, проводившихся в трехлетнем возрасте. Исходя из первого косвенного упоминания Александра в летописи под 1223 г., приходим к выводу о его рождении в 1220 г.
Transflower: probabilistic autoregressive dance generation with multimodal attention
Creators: name: Valle-Pérez, Guillermo
name: Henter, Gustav Eje
name: Beskow, Jonas
name: Holzapfel, André
name: Oudeyer, Pierre-Yves
name: Alexanderson, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Dance requires skillful composition of complex movements that follow rhythmic, tonal and timbral features of music. Formally, generating dance conditioned on a piece of music can be expressed as a problem of modelling a high-dimensional continuous motion signal, conditioned on an audio signal. In this work we make two contributions to tackle this problem. First, we present a novel probabilistic autoregressive architecture that models the distribution over future poses with a normalizing flow conditioned on previous poses as well as music context, using a multimodal transformer encoder. Second, we introduce the currently largest 3D dance-motion dataset, obtained with a variety of motion-capture technologies, and including both professional and casual dancers. Using this dataset, we compare our new model against two baselines, via objective metrics and a user study, and show that both the ability to model a probability distribution, as well as being able to attend over a large motion and music context are necessary to produce interesting, diverse, and realistic dance that matches the music.
description: Article presented at SIGGRAPH Asia 2021, and published in ACM Transactions on Graphics
Св. Александр Невский как ктитор Антониево-Дымского монастыря
Creators: name: Дмитрий Анатольевич Пономарев
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2020
Subjects: Александр Ярославич Невский
преподобный Антоний Дымский
преподобный Варлаам Хутынский
жалованная грамота
Онтоньевский погост
Новгород
Новгородская земля
митрополит Кирилл
архиепископ Спиридон
архиепископ Далмат
пустынный монастырь

description: В статье предпринята попытка проанализировать полученные на основе текстологического анализа данные текста жития преподобного Антония о даче святым благоверным князем Александром Невским жалованной грамоты на учреждение в середине XIII века на северо-востоке Новгородской земли вблизи современного Тихвина пустынного Антониево-Дымского монастыря. А также высказано предположение о возможных временных рамках совершения данного пожалования.
Первое чудо Александра Невского: коллизия агиографии и церковной практики
Creators: name: Олег Германович Ульянов
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2020
Subjects: агиография
Александр Невский
Древняя Русь
древнерусская архитектура
историческая наука
погребальный обряд

description: В статье впервые в исторической науке осуществлена верификация агиографических и летописных сведений о захоронении св. блгв. кн. Александра Невского в сопоставлении с археологическими данными. Критическому разбору подвергнуто расхожее мнение, которое прочно утвердилось в литературе, что первое посмертное чудо касается именно т. н. «прощальной» грамоты с текстом «разрешительной» молитвы. Как разобрано на примере большинства списков «Повести житии и о храбрости благовернаго и великаго князя Александра Ярославича», речь в древнерусских источниках идет о «душевной грамоте», но никак не о «прощальной» («разрешительной»). Привлеченные в статье результаты археологических исследований позволили впервые точно установить, что вел. кн. Александр Ярославич был погребен 23 ноября 1263 г. в белокаменном саркофаге, занявшем княжеский аркосолий на южной стене (в западной трети под хорами) собора Рождества Богородицы Богородице-Рождественского монастыря во Владимире.
Environmental, Social, Governance scores and the Missing pillar -- Why does missing information matter?
Creators: name: Sahin, Özge
name: Bax, Karoline
name: Czado, Claudia
name: Paterlini, Sandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) scores measure companies' performance concerning sustainability and societal impact and are organized on three pillars: Environmental (E), Social (S), and Governance (G). These complementary non-financial ESG scores should provide information about the ESG performance and risks of different companies. However, the extent of not yet published ESG information makes the reliability of ESG scores questionable. To explicitly denote the not yet published information on ESG category scores, a new pillar, the so-called Missing (M) pillar, is formulated. Environmental, Social, Governance, and Missing (ESGM) scores are introduced to consider the potential release of new information in the future. Furthermore, an optimization scheme is proposed to compute ESGM scores, linking them to the companies' riskiness. By relying on the data provided by Refinitiv, we show that the ESGM scores strengthen the companies' risk relationship. These new scores could benefit investors and practitioners as ESG exclusion strategies using only ESG scores might exclude assets with a low score solely because of their missing information and not necessarily because of a low ESG merit.
Когда князь становился святым? Несколько наблюдений о феномене святости древнерусских князей XI–XIII вв.
Creators: name: Павел Иванович Гайденко
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2020
Subjects: Древняя Русь
домосковская Русь
святые князья
канонизация в Русской православной церкви
история Русской церкви
святые Древней Руси

description: Интерес исследователей к феномену святых князей имеет продолжительную богатую именами и работами историю. Его устойчивое существование в кругу учёных на протяжении многих десятилетий объясняется как объективными обстоятельствами, порождёнными факторами религиозного сознания древнерусского общества, так и традиционными интересами самой российской исторической науки. Проблема начала почитания и прославления русских князей в качестве святых опирается на значительный пласт статей и очерков. И всё же едва ли она может считаться исчерпанной, а полученные ответы обезоруживающими любые сомнения и возражения в обозначенной плоскости. Исследования последних двух десятилетий в области иеротропии древнерусских храмов и храмового искусства, а также в плоскости проблем канонизации святых убеждают в том, что вопросы о принципах и формах прославления христианских праведников в условиях церковно-политических и культурно-религиозных реалий домосковской Руси ещё не получили исчерпывающего ответа. Предложенный доклад, по мнению автора, призван обозначить некоторые неразрешённые проблемы княжеской канонизации на Руси и предлагает читателям иначе посмотреть на проблему церковного прославления святых князей XI — начала XIV вв.
Hybrid algorithms to solve linear systems of equations with limited qubit resources
Creators: name: Gao, Fang
name: Wu, Guojian
name: Yang, Mingyu
name: Cui, Wei
name: Shuang, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solution of linear systems of equations is a very frequent operation and thus important in many fields. The complexity using classical methods increases linearly with the size of equations. The HHL algorithm proposed by Harrow et al. achieves exponential acceleration compared with the best classical algorithm. However, it has a relatively high demand for qubit resources and the solution $\left| x \right\rangle $ is in a normalized form. Assuming that the eigenvalues of the coefficient matrix of the linear systems of equations can be represented perfectly by finite binary number strings, three hybrid iterative phase estimation algorithms (HIPEA) are designed based on the iterative phase estimation algorithm in this paper. The complexity is transferred to the measurement operation in an iterative way, and thus the demand of qubit resources is reduced in our hybrid algorithms. Moreover, the solution is stored in a classical register instead of a quantum register, so the exact unnormalized solution can be obtained. The required qubit resources in the three HIPEA algorithms are different. HIPEA-1 only needs one single ancillary qubit. The number of ancillary qubits in HIPEA-2 is equal to the number of nondegenerate eigenvalues of the coefficient matrix of linear systems of equations. HIPEA-3 is designed with a flexible number of ancillary qubits. The HIPEA algorithms proposed in this paper broadens the application range of quantum computation in solving linear systems of equations by avoiding the problem that quantum programs may not be used to solve linear systems of equations due to the lack of qubit resources.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables, 48 equations
Template Lattices for a Cross-Correlation Search for Gravitational Waves from Scorpius X-1
Creators: name: Wagner, Katelyn J.
name: Whelan, John T.
name: Wofford, Jared K.
name: Wette, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the application of the lattice covering problem to the placement of templates in a search for continuous gravitational waves from the low-mass X-Ray binary Scorpius X-1. Efficient placement of templates to cover the parameter space at a given maximum mismatch is an application of the sphere covering problem, for which an implementation is available in the LatticeTiling software library. In the case of Sco X-1, potential correlations, in both the prior uncertainty and the mismatch metric, between the orbital period and orbital phase, lead to complications in the efficient construction of the lattice. We define a shearing coordinate transformation which simultaneously minimizes both of these sources of correlation, and allows us to take advantage of the small prior orbital period uncertainty. The resulting lattices have a factor of about 3 fewer templates than the corresponding parameter space grids constructed by the prior straightforward method, allowing a more sensitive search at the same computing cost and maximum mismatch.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Ключевые сюжеты основных редакций Жития Александра Невского
Creators: name: Елена Борисовна Грузнова
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2020
Subjects: история России; XIII век; Житие Александра Невского; летописи; Александр Невский; Андреяш; Андреас фон Вельвен; Пелгусий; Галд и Гемонт; Невская битва; Ледовое побоище; православие; уния

description: Исследование посвящено анализу сюжетов Жития Александра Невского о визите в Новгород слуги Божия Андреяша, видении старейшины Ижорской земли Пелгусия и ответе князя папским послам Галду и Гемонту на основе разных списков произведения, за исключением так называемой Особой редакции, где они отсутствуют. Несмотря на общепринятую характеристику этих фрагментов как литературных, хотя и имеющих под собой историческую основу, они являются ключевыми как для понимания оценки связанных с Невской битвой событий автором памятника, так и для датировки произведения в целом и составляющих его частей. Показана возможность выделения прижизненной части повести о князе, положенной в основу его Жития. Выявлена основная идея произведения — утверждение православного выбора князя Александра в условиях конфессиональной полемики православной и католической церкви в период переговоров об унии.
О чем молился Александр Невский: эволюция житийного сюжета предыстории Невской битвы
Creators: name: Денис Александрович Ляпин
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2020
Subjects: Александр Невский
Невская битва
возвышение Москвы
Московское княжество
Житие Александра Невского

description: В центре внимания автора статьи — эпизод моления князя Александра Ярославича перед предстоящей Невской битвой 1240 г. и предшествующие ему события, изложенные в «Повести о житии и о храбрости благоверного и великого князя Александра». Анализируя этот сюжет по тексту Лаврентьевской летописи 1377 г., который предположительно стал основой для большинства поздних списков, автор приходит к выводу, что в нее вошел уже сильно измененный вариант предыстории Невской битвы. В статье делается предположение о том, каков мог быть смысл эпизода с молением в первоначальной версии жития, а также показан распространенный в древнерусской литературе мотив нарушения сакральных границ Русской земли и неизбежного Божественного возмездия за это деяние.
Св. Александр Невский и латинский Запад глазами древнерусских агиографов
Creators: name: Константин Александрович Костромин
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2020
Subjects: история Русской церкви
Александр Невский
агиография
антилатинская полемика
Василий-Варлаам

description: Житие св. Александра Невского, созданное в конце ХIII века, неоднократно перерабатывалось русскими книжниками, создавшими несколько редакций жития. Основное содержание всех их сводится к раскрытию проблемы: Русь между Востоком и Западом, как в военно-политическом, так и конфессиональном смысле. Главная цель статьи — проследить формирование антилатинского полемического содержания агиографических произведений, посвященных Александру Невскому. Детальный анализ различных редакций жития показал, что при наличии сюжетов о контактах с латинским миром, как военных, так и дипломатических, до конца ХV века антилатинский пафос в житии отсутствовал полностью, с исторической биографичностью описания деталей. Тема противопоставления православного Востока и латинского Запада намечается в житии, начиная с «лихачевской редакции». В следующей — редакции Миней Четьих — тема получает заметное развитие и окончательно складывается в редакции Василия-Варлаама, созданной между 1547 и 1555, т. е. незадолго до начала Ливонской войны.
Nonequilibrium thermodynamic process with hysteresis and metastable states -- A contact Hamiltonian with unstable and stable segments of a Legendre submanifold
Creators: name: Goto, Shin-itiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a dynamical process in a statistical thermodynamic system of spins exhibiting a phase transition is described on a contact manifold, where such a dynamical process is a process that a metastable equilibrium state evolves into the most stable symmetry broken equilibrium state. Metastable and the most stable equilibrium states in the symmetry broken phase or ordered phase are assumed to be described as pruned projections of Legendre submanifolds of contact manifolds, where these pruned projections of the submanifolds express hysteresis and pseudo-free energy curves. Singularities associated with phase transitions are naturally arose in this framework as has been suggested by Legendre singularity theory. Then a particular contact Hamiltonian vector field is proposed so that a pruned segment of the projected Legendre submanifold is a stable fixed point set in a region of a contact manifold, and that another pruned segment is a unstable fixed point set. This contact Hamiltonian vector field is identified with a dynamical process departing from a metastable equilibrium state to the most stable equilibrium one. To show the statements above explicitly an Ising type spin model with long-range interactions, called the Husimi-Temperley model, is focused, where this model exhibits a phase transition.
description: A minor error on figures in arXiv version 2 has been fixed
Создание (и разрушение) Русской церкви согласно Серапиону Владимирскому
Creators: name: Леандро Сезар Сантана Невес
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2020
Subjects: Русь
Русская Церковь
Серапион Владимирский
проповеди
экклезиология
Церковь в Монгольской Руси

description: В данной статье мы стремимся исследовать значение Русской церкви (понимаемой нами здесь как община христианской веры, а не как иерархическая структура) согласно Серапиону, епископу Владимирскому, в ХIII веке. Святитель за свою жизнь написал несколько проповедей, пять из которых сохранились до наших дней, и все они посвящены катастрофам, случившимся с Русью по вине русских. Характер источника и его риторика позволяют выделить экклезиологические элементы, которые, по мнению Серапиона, составляли идею религиозного сообщества, которое подверглось нападению и серьезно пострадало. Таким образом, действия членов, которые несут ответственность за указанное разрушение, являются действиями против «узаконенного священного», связывающего все сообщество.
The Siebeck-Marden-Northshield Theorem and the Real Roots of the Symbolic Cubic Equation
Creators: name: Prodanov, Emil M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The isolation intervals of the real roots of the symbolic monic cubic polynomial $x^3 + a x^2 + b x + c$ are determined, in terms of the coefficients of the polynomial, by solving the Siebeck-Marden-Northshield triangle - the equilateral triangle that projects onto the three real roots of the cubic polynomial and whose inscribed circle projects onto an interval with endpoints equal to stationary points of the polynomial
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Существовала ли в XIII–XV вв. чудотворная икона Николы Корсунского (Зарайского)?
Creators: name: Алексей Борисович Мазуров
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2020
Subjects: древнерусское искусство
комплексное источниковедение
икона
иконографический тип
Никола Зарайский
Зарайск

description: Среди историков и искусствоведов дебатируется вопрос о происхождении иконографии Николы Зарайского, являющейся национальной приметой древнерусского искусства. Одни исследователи считают, что она восходит к реально существовавшему прототипу (византийской иконе первой четверти XIII в., принесенной из Херсонеса). Другие полагают, что почитаемой с рубежа XV–XVI вв. стала одна из многих реально существовавших икон типа Николы Зарайского. Основанием для скептических взглядов является поздняя датировка текста Повестей о Николе Заразском (созданных в целостном виде ок. 1560 г.), легендарность почти всех «корсунских древностей» и отсутствие подлинника, утраченного в XVI–XVII вв. На материалах сфрагистики (вислая свинцовая печать 1210-х годов из Новгорода), литых энколпионов (6 экземпляров, представляющих два типа) и двусторонней каменной резной иконки («Богоматерь Одигитрия с Николой Зарайским») доказывается почитание образа Николы Корсунского уже в предмонгольские десятилетия и в середине — второй половине XIII в. Реальность существования в Рязанском княжестве погоста Николы Заразского с чудотворной иконой подтверждается выявленными ранними вкладами, дошедшими в составе ризницы Никольского собора г. Зарайска. Это двусторонняя резная каменная иконка «Деисус с Вознесением Александра Македонского» предмонгольского времени, Евангелие 1410 г., сударь середины — третьей четверти XV в. и створки киота конца XV в. Проанализированные в комплексе данные позволяют утверждать, что в основе Повести о перенесении чудотворного образа Николы Заразского, несмотря на ее позднее происхождение и наличие недостоверных деталей, лежат реальные факты. Они сохранились благодаря существовавшему устно преданию священнического рода потомков Евстафия Корсунского, служивших при почитаемой иконе.