cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pachyphantes superciliosus subsp. omoensis Neumann
Creators: name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Passeridae
Pachyphantes
Pachyphantes superciliosus
Pachyphantes superciliosus omoensis neumann

description: Pachyphantes superciliosus omoensis Neumann
Pachyphantes superciliosus omoensis Neumann, 1905: 342 (Omo zwischen Malo and Koscha).
Now Ploceus superciliosus (Shelley, 1873). See Hartert, 1919: 139; Moreau and Greenway, 1962: 52; Dickinson, 2003: 722; Fry and Keith, 2004: 196–198; Ash and Atkins, 2009: 341; and Craig, 2010: 158.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 724347, female, collected on the Omo River between Malo and Koscha, southern Ethiopia, on 18 February 1901, by Oscar Neumann (no. 851). From the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: Neumann’s description was based on the single female specimen collected between Malo, 06.33N, 36.37E (Ash and Atkins, 2009: 416) and Koscha, 06.45N, 36.35E (Ash and Atkins, 2009: 415). The area is shown on the map in Neumann (1902b); Koscha is there spelled Kucha.
The generic affiliations of superciliosus are not settled. Moreau and Greenway (1962: 52), Dickinson (2003: 722), and Ash and Atkins (2009: 341) place it in Ploceus; Fry and Keith (2004: 196) and Craig (2010: 158) retain it in Pachyphantes, the last commenting that recent DNA studies indicate that it may be closest to the genus Amblyospiza.
description: Published as part of Lecroy, Mary, 2014, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae, pp. 1-165 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (393) on page 24, DOI: 10.1206/885.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4629954
Framing studies: stereotypes about Mongolia’s in the American Press (1868–1968)
Creators: name: Sukhee, Amartuvshin
name: Tsevegjav, Tserenjav
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: In the practice of international journalism, the imagination used by journalists and publishers is helpful for understanding the country, but it also has the drawback of creating a ‘fog’ on the contrary. Mongolia was a mysterious country like an enigma to foreigners. To open it, foreigners wrote with various ideas. Did their stereotypes succeed? Based on such questionable assumptions, the circle analysis is presented. Stereotypes regarding Mongolia were examined in pieces published in the American Press between 1868 and 1968. To begin, stereotypes were extracted from the texts using content analysis. Second, on the topics of stereotypes, the study has discovered five frames of stereotypes. In the end the study examined the many meanings of stereotypes in frames. Some of these meanings could be the ‘fog’ that is distorting Mongolian understanding. However, other definitions may be more extensive, leading to a better comprehension of Mongolia. To recap all of these misconceptions, publications in the American press revealed admissible information about Mongolia at that time. This validates the five-frame analysis proposed in this study of Mongolian stereotypes in the American press.
Additional file 3 of Variations in factors associated with healthcare providers’ intention to engage in interprofessional shared decision making in home care: results of two cross-sectional surveys
Creators: name: Rhéda Adekpedjou
name: Haesebaert, Julie
name: Stacey, Dawn
name: Brière, Nathalie
name: Freitas, Adriana
name: Louis-Paul Rivest
name: Légaré, France
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies. This table presents a checklist of items that should be included in reports of cross-sectional studies and how this paper adheres to that checklist.
Hybridized Summation-By-Parts Finite Difference Methods
Creators: name: Kozdon, Jeremy E.
name: Erickson, Brittany A.
name: Wilcox, Lucas C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N06, 65N22, 65N12

description: We present a hybridization technique for summation-by-parts finite difference methods with weak enforcement of interface and boundary conditions for second order, linear elliptic partial differential equations. The method is based on techniques from the hybridized discontinuous Galerkin literature where local and global problems are defined for the volume and trace grid points, respectively. By using a Schur complement technique the volume points can be eliminated, which drastically reduces the system size. We derive both the local and global problems, and show that the linear systems that must be solved are symmetric positive definite. The theoretical stability results are confirmed with numerical experiments as is the accuracy of the method.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Compressing Large-Scale Transformer-Based Models: A Case Study on BERT
Creators: name: Ganesh, Prakhar
name: Chen, Yao
name: Lou, Xin
name: Khan, Mohammad Ali
name: Yang, Yin
name: Sajjad, Hassan
name: Nakov, Preslav
name: Chen, Deming
name: Winslett, Marianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pre-trained Transformer-based models have achieved state-of-the-art performance for various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, these models often have billions of parameters, and, thus, are too resource-hungry and computation-intensive to suit low-capability devices or applications with strict latency requirements. One potential remedy for this is model compression, which has attracted a lot of research attention. Here, we summarize the research in compressing Transformers, focusing on the especially popular BERT model. In particular, we survey the state of the art in compression for BERT, we clarify the current best practices for compressing large-scale Transformer models, and we provide insights into the workings of various methods. Our categorization and analysis also shed light on promising future research directions for achieving lightweight, accurate, and generic NLP models.
description: To appear in TACL 2021. The arXiv version is a pre-MIT Press publication version
On the genesis of Post constraint in modern electromagnetism
Creators: name: Lakhtakia, Akhlesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The genesis of the Post constraint is premised on two attributes of modern electromagnetism: (i) its microscopic nature, and (ii) the status of e and b as the primitive electromagnetic fields. This constraint can therefore not arise in EH--electromagnetism, wherein the primitive electromagnetic fields are the macroscopic fields E and H.
Additional file 2 of Variations in factors associated with healthcare providers’ intention to engage in interprofessional shared decision making in home care: results of two cross-sectional surveys
Creators: name: Rhéda Adekpedjou
name: Haesebaert, Julie
name: Stacey, Dawn
name: Brière, Nathalie
name: Freitas, Adriana
name: Louis-Paul Rivest
name: Légaré, France
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Intention to engage in IP-SDM among healthcare professionals by discipline at study entry and exit. This table presents median scores of intention by healthcare professionals’ discipline at study entry and study exit.
UBC Food Services Healthy Beverage Initiative : In-person Student Survey
Creators: name: Maddox, Jessica
name: Cahill, Erica
name: Aminian, Sarah
name: Schwab, Tanya
name: Kroeker, Mikaela
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: The UBC Healthy Beverage Initiative (HBI) was created under the UBC Wellbeing Strategic Framework to encourage drinking tap water and reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) across UBC campuses in an effort to support its population’s collective health and well-being. While many activities, campaigns and projects have since been completed under the HBI, the initiative still reports a lack of robust understanding of the factors driving beverage choice among the UBC population, and identifies improving this understanding as an important factor for informing future strategic planning. The present project therefore set out to improve the understanding of factors contributing to beverage choice among the UBC population. Using the theory of planned behaviour, our approach was centered on exploring the contributing elements of attitude, social norms and perceived behavioural control, and their collective impact on beverage choice. Project outputs included qualitative interviews with 50 members of the UBC population; a visual photo audit of 18 campus locations assessing beverage product offerings; and an observational audit of 180 members of the UBC population on beverage choice across multiple locations and times of day. Key findings from interviews revealed that caffeine, perceived health, and time of day or seasonality were key motivators for beverage choice, while price and accessibility were primary barriers to making less SSB choices. The vast majority (80%) of participants associated unhealthy beverages with higher sugar content. SSBs were available at every location surveyed in the photo audit, with grocery and convenience stores offering the largest selection of SSBs compared to cafes, coffee shops, and residence cafeterias. Lastly, in the observational audit, personal water bottles, hot to-go cups, and Booster Juice or smoothie cups were the most frequently observed beverages on campus. Based on project outputs, an evaluation plan is outlined to assess the effectiveness in achieving project objectives, and recommendations are made for future HBI efforts moving forward. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Smart manufacturing under limited and heterogeneous data: a sim-to-real transfer learning with convolutional variational autoencoder in thermoforming
Creators: name: Ramezankhani, Milad
name: Harandi, Mehrtash
name: Seethaler, Rudolf
name: Milani, Abbas S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Data in advanced manufacturing are often sparse and collected from various sensory devices in a heterogeneous and multi-modal fashion. Thus, for such intricate input spaces, learning robust and reliable predictive models for product quality assessments entails implementing complex nonlinear models such as deep learning. However, these ‘data-greedy’ models require massive datasets for training, and they tend to exhibit poor generalization performance otherwise. To address the data paucity and the data heterogeneity in smart manufacturing applications, this paper introduces a sim-to-real transfer-learning framework. Specifically, using a unified wide-and-deep learning approach, the model pre-processes structured sensory data (wide) as well as high-dimensional thermal images (deep) separately, and then passes the respective concatenated features to a regressor for predicting product quality metrics. Convolutional variational autoencoder (ConvVAE) is utilized to learn concise representations of thermal images in an unsupervised fashion. ConvVAE is trained via a sim-to-real transfer learning approach, backed by theory-based heat transfer simulations. The proposed metamodeling framework was evaluated in an industrial thermoforming process case study. The results suggested that ConvVAE outperforms conventional dimensionality reduction methods despite limited data. A model explainability analysis was conducted and the resulting SHAP values demonstrated the agreement between the model’s predictions, theoretical expectations, and data correlation statistics.
Determinants of Price of Yam in Nigeria: A Time-Series Analysis
Creators: name: Ajibade, T. B.
name: Ayinde, O. E.
name: Abdoulaye, T.
name: Ayinde, K.
name: Ajibade, T. B.
name: Ayinde, O. E.
name: Abdoulaye, T.
name: Ayinde, K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Production Economics
subject: Yam price
subject: Autocorrelation
subject: Cochrane-Orcutt
subject: Error correction model

description: With a contribution of up to 71% to world output of yam, Nigeria remains the largest producing country with rural farmers having yam as second most commonly harvested tuber crop. Given its nutritional superiority to most roots and tubers in terms of digestible proteins and minerals and its relevance as a source of income for the poor majority of rural-farmers, the importance of yam in Nigeria cannot be overemphasized. There has however been a persistent price increase in yam, as well as other food commodities, in Nigeria. This study was therefore designed to investigate the determinants of rising yam price in Nigeria over the period 1970-2015. The study relied on time-series data sourced from FAOSTAT, Federal Bureau of Statistics and CBN Bulletin. Inferential statistics including unit-root test, cointegration and error correction model were employed in analysis. Autocorrelation was present in the model hence necessitating Cochrane-Orcutt approach. Results indicated that variables were non-stationary but became stationary after first differencing. At 5% significance level, on the long run, price of yam was determined by annual production (coef.=-0.8095), GDP (coef.=-3.009) and annual money supply (coef.=0.829). It is consequently recommended that programmes and strategies implemented to boost food production in Nigeria should be carried on viz-a-viz robust economic planning that keeps the significant macroeconomic variables at optimal levels in order to maintain the balance required for stabilization in food commodity prices. Likewise, efforts should be concerted in putting insurgency in Nigeria under checks considering the ill effect it has on farming and trading activities.
Commercialization among Smallholder Maize Farmers in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria
Creators: name: Adebayo, C. O.
name: Oladele, A. O.
name: Tanko, S. U.
name: Adebayo, C. O.
name: Oladele, A. O.
name: Tanko, S. U.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Maize
subject: Marketable
subject: Commercialization index

description: Lack of marketable surplus is a major constraint to commercialization among smallholder farmers. Therefore, this study analyzed commercialization among smallholder maize farmers in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Multistage sampling technique was used to sample 180 maize farmers across the territory. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents; while the Household Commercialization Index (HCI) was used to measure extent to which a household crop (maize) production is oriented towards the market. It also quantifies and estimates the factors that influence the level of commercialization using the multiple regression analysis. The results indicated that majority of maize farmers were in their active age with relatively large households. Most of the maize farmers were commercially oriented with commercialization index of 0.57. The regression result revealed that age of maize farmers, farm size and household size positively and significantly influenced the level of commercialization of maize. There is the need for capacity building of maize farmers on production techniques and effective marketing of their output. To increase commercialization of smallholder farmers, there is the need for them to form strong and viable cooperative groups so that they can have access to more fund for expanded production.
Determinants of Meat Consumption among Students of the Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Ogun State
Creators: name: Elegbede, V. A.
name: Afolami, C. A.
name: Oyedepo, E. O.
name: Elegbede, V. A.
name: Afolami, C. A.
name: Oyedepo, E. O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Consumption determinant
subject: Meat
subject: Ogun state

description: This study examined the determinants of meat consumption among students of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Primary data on personal and socio economic characteristics of respondents were collected among 150 students with the aid of a pre-tested and structured questionnaire. Methods of analysis used were descriptive statistics, bar chart and multiple regression analysis. The results revealed about 69.3%of the respondents were within the age range of 18-24 years and majorities (56%) of the students interviewed were female. The average amount of income spent on meat consumption was N 1,904 per month while the amount spent on substitutes such as egg, snail and cow hides was N 147.90. The result of the distribution of students by total monthly income revealed that 27.3% of the students received below N 5001 per month while 58% of the students received an allowance between N5001 and N15000 per month. The result of the monthly expenditure of the students on various meat types distributed by sex in the study area revealed that beef accounted for the highest percentage of 24.4% of the monthly expenditure among female students while it constituted 24.0% of the males. On the other hand, pork accounted for 7.0% and 6.0% of total monthly expenditure on meat in male and female students respectively. The result further revealed that four variables exert significant influence on the consumption of meat in the study area. The age (X1) of the students was positive and significant at P <0.01. The student’s sex (X3), amount spent on substitutes(X5) and place of residence (X7) of students were negative and significant at (P < 0.05) and (P< 0.01) respectively. The study concludes that female students spend more on meat than their male counterparts. The amount of money spent on meat substitutes decreases with increase in meat consumption and students living off campus spend more on meat than students living on the campus. The study therefore recommends that processed beef in small units should be made available to students in the hostel and outlets close to students’ residential quarters to facilitate easy availability.
Structural insights into the interactions of repositioning and known drugs for Alzheimer’s disease with hen egg white lysozyme by MM-GBSA
Creators: name: Halder, Amit Kumar
name: Mishra, Puja
name: Basak, Souvik
name: Roy, Debjani
name: Das, Anurag
name: Karmakar, Sucheta
name: Mondal, Ritam
name: Banerjee, Shrestha
name: De, Prakarsha
name: Chatterjee, Ankit
name: Mallick, Susmita
name: Hazra, Abhijit
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Medicine
Molecular Biology
Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Computational Biology

description: Six drugs (dapsone, diltiazem, timolol, rosiglitazone, mesalazine, and milnacipran) that were predicted by network-based polypharmacology approaches as potential anti-Alzheimer’s drugs, have been subjected in this study for in silico and in vitro evaluation to check their potential against protein fibrillation, which is a causative factor for multiple diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington disease, cardiac myopathy, type-II diabetes mellitus and many others. Molecular docking and thereafter molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed that diltiazem, rosiglitazone, and milnacipran interact with the binding residues such as Asp52, Glu35, Trp62, and Asp101, which lie within the fibrillating region of HEWL. The MM-GBSA analysis revealed −7.86, −5.05, and −10.29 kcal/mol as the binding energy of diltiazem, rosiglitazone, and milnacipran. The RMSD and RMSF calculations revealed significant stabilities of these ligands within the binding pocket of HEWL. While compared with two reported ligands inhibiting HEWL fibrillation, milnacipran depicted almost similar binding potential with one of the known ligands (Ligand binding affinity −10.66 kcal/mol) of HEWL. Furthermore, secondary structure analyses revealed notable inhibition of the secondary structural changes with our candidate ligand; especially regarding retention of the 3/10 α-helix both by DSSP simulation, Circular dichroism, and FESEM-based microscopic image analyses. Taking further into experimental validation, all three ligands inhibited fibrillation in HEWL in simulated conditions as revealed by blue shift in Congo red assay and later expressing percentage inhibition in ThioflavinT assay as well. However, dose-dependent kinetics revealed that the antifibrillatory effects of drugs are more pronounced at low protein concentrations. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Exploring complex networks by walking on them
Creators: name: Yang, Shi-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out a comparative study on the problem for a walker searching on several typical complex networks. The search efficiency is evaluated for various strategies. Having no knowledge of the global properties of the underlying networks and the optimal path between any two given nodes, it is found that the best search strategy is the self-avoid random walk. The preferentially self-avoid random walk does not help in improving the search efficiency further. In return, topological information of the underlying networks may be drawn by comparing the results of the different search strategies.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Career expectations of undergraduate and graduate students at agricultural universities in Uzbekistan
Creators: name: Ganiev, Ibragim
name: Sanaev, Golib
name: Pardaev, Khusniddin
name: Ganiev, Ibragim
name: Sanaev, Golib
name: Pardaev, Khusniddin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: agricultural education
subject: motivation
subject: career expectations

description: Since national independence, the government of Uzbekistan has been paying attention to developing its education system, including agriculture. A number of regulations have been adopted in order to address the problems in education. Among these, the Law on Education (1997) and the National Training Programme (1997) are the main two regulations adopted to address issues related to the national educational system of Uzbekistan. Nevertheless, a problem of a lack of qualified agricultural personnel in rural areas still exists, and the majority of young cadres try to find jobs in cities. This analytical study aims to analyze the motivation, aspirations, and career expectations of undergraduate and graduate students of Samarkand Agricultural Institute. In the first part of the analytical study, we review the agricultural education system and underlying policies in Uzbekistan by dividing them into pre- and post-independence periods. In the second part, we discuss the survey results of 400 undergraduate and 50 graduate students from Samarkand Agricultural Institute. The results reveal that half of observed students did not make a career choice yet and face uncertainties in employment decisions. Compared with undergraduate students, the share of graduate students wishing to continue their education (doing a PhD) was higher. The following recommendations are given: (i) agricultural vocational/professional colleges and agricultural universities should collaborate in teaching students. Also, college and university staff members should cooperate with industries and farmers to develop employment opportunities for graduates in rural areas. (ii) Economic incentives based on higher ages/salaries are very important to attract more qualified specialists to rural areas, hence policymakers should consider this issue in a broader way. Developing extension service organizations can be an option where qualified staff will be needed. Availability of good rural infrastructure for graduates from agricultural universities can encourage students to stay in rural areas.
Ploceus melanocephalus subsp. usumburae Neumann
Creators: name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Ploceidae
Ploceus
Ploceus melanocephalus
Ploceus melanocephalus usumburae neumann

description: Ploceus melanocephalus usumburae Neumann
Ploceus melanocephalus usumburae Neumann, 1920: 82 (Usumbura).
Now Ploceus melanocephalus duboisi Hartlaub, 1886. See Hartert, 1928: 194; Chapin, 1954b: 340–342; Moreau and Greenway, 1962: 48; Dickinson, 2003: 722; Fry and Keith, 2004: 174–175; and Craig, 2010: 163–164.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 723422, female [male plumage], collected at Usumbura, 03.23S, 29.21E (Chapin, 1954a), Burundi, on 17 April 1908, by Rudolf Grauer (no. 2394). From the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: In the original description, Neumann described only the male, gave only one measurement, and said that the type, with the above data, was in the Rothschild Collection. The Rothschild label is marked ‘‘ Ploceus melanocephalus usumburae Neum. Type,’’ in Neumann’s hand. It also bears a Rothschild type label. Two additional specimens of P. melanocephalus from Usumbura, also sexed as females but in male plumage, were considered to be specimens of duboisi by Neumann, who said that they occurred at Usumbura with his specimen of usumburae but lacked its trace of brown on the chest.
description: Published as part of Lecroy, Mary, 2014, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae, pp. 1-165 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (393) on page 23, DOI: 10.1206/885.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4629954
Pacht und Bodenschutz: Ein Widerspruch?
Creators: name: Leonhardt, Heidi
name: Penker, Marianne
name: Salhofer, Klaus
name: Leonhardt, Heidi
name: Penker, Marianne
name: Salhofer, Klaus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: FORLand Policy Brief 02/2018

description: Wir untersuchen Unterschiede im Umgang mit dem Boden zwischen Pacht- und Eigentumsflächen auf österreichischem Ackerland. In unserer statistischen Analyse finden wir nur einen relativ kleinen Zusammenhang zwischen Pacht und dem vermehrten Anbau von erosionsfördernden Kulturen. Eine anschließende qualitative Untersuchung zeigt, dass LandwirtInnen bei langfristigen Maßnahmen wie (P-K) Düngung oder Kalkung eher Unterschiede machen, aber auch hier hauptsächlich bei bevorstehendem Ende der Pacht oder unsicherem Pachtverhältnis. Persönliche Beziehungen zu Verpächtern, langfristige, sichere Pacht, und persönliche Überzeugung wirken einem negativen Effekt von Pacht entgegen.
Predicting trends in the quality of state-of-the-art neural networks without access to training or testing data
Creators: name: Martin, Charles H.
name: Tongsu
name: Peng
name: Mahoney, Michael W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many applications, one works with neural network models trained by someone else. For such pretrained models, one may not have access to training data or test data. Moreover, one may not know details about the model, e.g., the specifics of the training data, the loss function, the hyperparameter values, etc. Given one or many pretrained models, it is a challenge to say anything about the expected performance or quality of the models. Here, we address this challenge by providing a detailed meta-analysis of hundreds of publicly-available pretrained models. We examine norm based capacity control metrics as well as power law based metrics from the recently-developed Theory of Heavy-Tailed Self Regularization. We find that norm based metrics correlate well with reported test accuracies for well-trained models, but that they often cannot distinguish well-trained versus poorly-trained models. We also find that power law based metrics can do much better -- quantitatively better at discriminating among series of well-trained models with a given architecture; and qualitatively better at discriminating well-trained versus poorly-trained models. These methods can be used to identify when a pretrained neural network has problems that cannot be detected simply by examining training/test accuracies.
description: 35 pages, 8 tables, 17 figures. To appear in Nature Communications
Illuminating the word: Lucas Horenbout and the art of the tudor prayerbook, 1530-1544
Creators: name: James, Susan E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Studied in the current literature solely for his miniature work at the court of Henry VIII, Lucas Horenbout (d.1544) was equally sought after as an illuminator of prayerbooks. His career in this genre marks an important inflection point in the history of English art. The late 15th and early 16th centuries saw the final fluorescence of the illuminated prayerbook. This occurred side-by-side with a publishing revolution anchored in new technology that changed the parameters of book production and distribution. The Reformation, together with the advent of the printing press, combined to transform the market for illuminating skills Lucas had learned in his father’s workshop in Ghent. His artistic output between 1530 and 1544 bridges the transition from traditional handwritten, hand-illuminated manuscripts to the modern, mass-produced printed book. This paper discusses that transition through Horenbout’s proposed work in five illuminated prayerbooks created for four different patrons: Henry VIII, Anne Boleyn, Kateryn Parr and Anne Stanhope, Countess of Hertford and later Duchess of Somerset, as well as his collaborative additions to the 1539 Great Bible under the patronage of Thomas Cromwell. Horenbout’s career demonstrates how an elite artist adapted his art both to a changing marketplace and to the shifting power politics of the Tudor court.
Jahn-Teller Spectral Fingerprint in Molecular Photoemission: C60
Creators: name: Manini, Nicola
name: Gattari, Paolo
name: Tosatti, Erio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The h_u hole spectral intensity for C60 -> C60+ molecular photoemission is calculated at finite temperature by a parameter-free Lanczos diagonalization of the electron-vibration Hamiltonian, including the full 8 H_g, 6 G_g, and 2 A_g mode couplings. The computed spectrum at 800 K is in striking agreement with gas-phase data. The energy separation of the first main shoulder from the main photoemission peak, 230 meV in C60, is shown to measure directly and rather generally the strength of the final-state Jahn-Teller coupling.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Parameterizing Branch-and-Bound Search Trees to Learn Branching Policies
Creators: name: Zarpellon, Giulia
name: Jo, Jason
name: Lodi, Andrea
name: Bengio, Yoshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Branch and Bound (B&B) is the exact tree search method typically used to solve Mixed-Integer Linear Programming problems (MILPs). Learning branching policies for MILP has become an active research area, with most works proposing to imitate the strong branching rule and specialize it to distinct classes of problems. We aim instead at learning a policy that generalizes across heterogeneous MILPs: our main hypothesis is that parameterizing the state of the B&B search tree can aid this type of generalization. We propose a novel imitation learning framework, and introduce new input features and architectures to represent branching. Experiments on MILP benchmark instances clearly show the advantages of incorporating an explicit parameterization of the state of the search tree to modulate the branching decisions, in terms of both higher accuracy and smaller B&B trees. The resulting policies significantly outperform the current state-of-the-art method for "learning to branch" by effectively allowing generalization to generic unseen instances.
description: AAAI 2021 camera-ready version with supplementary materials, improved readability of figures in main article. Code, data and trained models are available at https://github.com/ds4dm/branch-search-trees
title: Tidal currents and vertical mixing processes beneath Filchner-Ronne ice shelf
Creators: name: Makinson, Keith
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: Oceanographic measurements have been undertaken at sites on Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf using hot-water drilled holes allowing conductivity-temperature-depth profiling and the deployment of instrument moorings. The data show that Western Shelf Water enters the sub-ice shelf cavity and occupies the lower portion of the water column. This is the water that provides the external heat necessary for melting within the sub-ice shelf cavity. A depth-averaged tidal model of the region has been used to show that in areas with shallow water and large topographic gradients, tidal oscillations with peak velocities up to 1 m s-1 play a significant role in the vertical mixing and transport of water masses. The estimated energy dissipation beneath Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf resulting from surface friction is 25 GW, approximately 1% of the world’s total tidal dissipation. The model indicates that Lagrangian tidal residual currents have fluxes of up to 250,000 m3 s-1 and speeds of over 5 cm s-1 along the ice front, with over 350,000 m3 s-1 being exchanged between the sub-ice shelf cavity and adjacent continental shelf. These currents are particularly efficient in ventilating the sub-ice shelf cavity within 150 km of Ronne Ice Front. Furthermore, a one-dimensional turbulence closure ocean model has been applied to this sub-ice shelf environment which significantly lies near the critical latitude for the semi-diurnal tide. Here, the Coriolis frequency equals the tidal frequency, resulting in a strong depth dependent tidal current and thick boundary layers. Both the model and observations show that stratification significantly affects how the shape of the tidal current ellipse varies with depth. The model also shows that vertical mixing and basal melting are sensitive to tidal ellipse polarization with anticlockwise rotating tidal currents maintaining the highest melt rates. This sensitivity is due, in large part, to the proximity of the critical latitude.
Infrared Structure of $e^+e^- \to 2$ jets at NNLO
Creators: name: Ridder, A. Gehrmann-De
name: Gehrmann, T.
name: Glover, E. W. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of two jets is the simplest exclusive quantum chromodynamics process in electron-positron annihilation. Using this process, we examine the structure of next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) corrections to jet production observables. We derive a subtraction formalism including double real radiation at tree level and single real radiation at one loop. For two-jet production, these subtraction terms coincide with the full matrix elements, thus highlighting the phase space structure of the subtraction procedure. We then analytically compute the infrared singularities arising from each partonic channel. For the purely virtual (two-parton) NNLO corrections, these take the well known form predicted by Catani's infrared factorization formula. We demonstrate that individual terms in the infrared factorization formula can be identified with infrared singular terms from three- and four-parton final states, leaving only single poles and a contribution from the one-loop soft gluon current, which subsequently cancels between the three- and four-parton final states. Summing over all different final states, we observe an explicit cancellation of all infrared poles and recover the known two-loop correction to the hadronic $R$-ratio.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX, misprints in formulae corrected, minor changes to text
Towards the merger of Hawking radiating black holes
Creators: name: Li, Huiquan
name: Wang, Jiancheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the merger process of binary black holes with Hawking radiation taken into account. Besides the redshifted radiation to infinity, binary black holes can exchange radiation between themselves, which is first redshifted and then blueshifted when it propagates from one hole to the other. The exchange rate should be large when the temperature-divergent horizons are penetrating each other to form a single horizon with unique temperature. This will cause non-negligible mass and angular momentum transfer between the black holes during the merging process of the horizons. We further argue in the large mass ratio limit that the light hole whose local evaporation is enhanced by the competing redshift-blueshift effects will probably evaporate or decay completely before reaching the the horizon of the heavy one. We also discuss the possibility of testing Hawking radiation and even exploring the information loss puzzle in gravitational wave observations.
description: 17 pages, no figure
Self-Similar Collapse of Scalar Field with Plane Symmetry
Creators: name: Wang, Anzhong
name: Wu, Yumei
name: Wu, Zhong Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plane symmetric self-similar solutions to Einstein's four-dimensional theory of gravity are studied and all such solutions are given analytically in closed form. The local and global properties of these solutions are investigated and it is shown that some of the solutions can be interpreted as representing gravitational collapse of the scalar field. During the collapse, trapped surfaces are never developed. As a result, no black hole is formed. Although the collapse always ends with spacetime singularities, it is found that these singularities are spacelike and not naked.
description: latex, two figures
Determination of the strange form factors of the nucleon from $νp$, $\barν p$, and parity-violating $\vec{e}p$ elastic scattering
Creators: name: Pate, Stephen F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method of obtaining the strange form factors of the nucleon is presented, in which forward-angle parity-violating $\vec{e}p$ elastic scattering data is combined with $νp$ and $\barν p$ elastic scattering data. The axial form factor in electron-nucleon scattering is complicated by the presence of electro-weak radiative corrections that in principle need to be calculated or separately measured, but this axial form factor is suppressed at forward angles. The neutrino data has no such complication. Hence the use of forward-angle parity-violating $\vec{e}p$ data with $νp$ and $\barν p$ data allows the extraction of all three strange form factors: electric, magnetic and axial ($G_E^s$, $G_M^s$, and $G_A^s$). In this letter, $νp$ and $\barν p$ data from the Brookhaven E734 experiment are combined with the Jefferson Lab HAPPEX $\vec{e}p$ data to obtain two distinct solutions for the strange form factors at $Q^2$ = 0.5 GeV$^2$. More generally, combining the neutrino elastic scattering data from E734 with the existing and upcoming $\vec{e}p$ data will yield the strange form factors of the nucleon for $Q^2$ of 0.45-1.05 GeV$^2$. Measurement of $G_A^s$ is crucial to the determination of the strange quark contribution to the nucleon spin, $Δs$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables; to be submitted to Physical Review Letters
Additional file 1 of Variations in factors associated with healthcare providers’ intention to engage in interprofessional shared decision making in home care: results of two cross-sectional surveys
Creators: name: Rhéda Adekpedjou
name: Haesebaert, Julie
name: Stacey, Dawn
name: Brière, Nathalie
name: Freitas, Adriana
name: Louis-Paul Rivest
name: Légaré, France
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Constructs of the CPD-Reaction questionnaire. This table presents the five psychosocial constructs of the CPD-Reaction questionnaire with their corresponding items and response choices.
Learning large scale industrial physics simulations
Creators: name: Casenave, Fabien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In an industrial group like Safran, numerical simulations of physical phenomena are integral to most design processes. At Safran's corporate research center, we enhance these processes by developing fast and reliable surrogate models for various physics. We focus here on two technologies developed in recent years. The first is a physical reduced-order modeling method for non-linear structural mechanics and thermal analysis, used for calculating the lifespan of high-pressure turbine blades and performing heat analysis of high-pressure compressors. The second technology involves learning physics simulations with non-parameterized geometrical variability using classical machine learning tools, such as Gaussian process regression. Finally, we present our contributions to the open-source and open-data community.
Der Einsatz eines sozialen Roboters in der Betreuung älterer Personen in Pflegeheimen aus der Sicht von Aktivierungstherpeut:innen und Hochbetagten
Creators: name: Schulze, Hartmut
name: Tanner, Alexandra
name: Rüegg, Michelle
name: Urech, Andreas
name: Rietschin, Joël
Publisher: name: GfA Press
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soziale Roboter
subject: Aktivierung
subject: Human Centred Design
subject: Pflegeheim
subject: Pepper
subject: QT-Robot
subject: 150 - Psychologie
subject: 360 - Soziale Probleme, Sozialdienste, Versicherungen
subject: 600 - Technik

description: Bisher existieren fast keine Studien, in denen unter Einbezug von Aktivierungstherapeut*innen Prinzipien der Aktivierungstherapie wie z.B. das Forward- und Backward Chaining (das gezielte Weglassen oder Hinzufügen von Worten z.B. beim Sprichwort raten mit dem Ziel einen Lerneffekt zu erreichen) auf Roboterszenarien übertragen und mit Hochbetagten Bewohnenden in Pflegeheimen getestet wurden. In dem Beitrag wird über die Vorgehensweise und die Ergebnisse zweier Studien berichtet, in denen genau diese Ziele verfolgt wurden: In einer ersten Studie wurde aufsetzend auf einer Anforderungsanalyse ein Kognitionstrainingsspiel für zwei verschiedene soziale Roboter (Pepper und QTrobot) entwickelt. Anschließend wurde dieses im Social Robotics Labor der Hochschule für Angewandte Psychologie FHNW von Aktivierungstherapeut*innen (N = 8) hinsichtlich Eignung und Mehrwert für die Altersarbeit und die Aktivierungstherapie evaluiert. In einer zweiten Studie wurde in einem Pflegeheim ein mehrtägiger Einsatz des sozialen Roboters Pepper zur Aktivierung von Hochbetagten (N = 5) in einem Einzel- und Gruppensetting erprobt. Die Interaktionen wurden auf Video aufgezeichnet, im Nachgang ausgewertet und mit Kurzinterviews mit den Hochbetagten sowie einer Aktivierungstherapeutin trianguliert.
Relativistic and slowing down: the flow in the hotspots of powerful radio galaxies and quasars
Creators: name: Georganopoulos, Markos
name: Kazanas, Demosthenes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pairs of radio emitting jets with lengths up to several hundred kiloparsecs emanate from the central region (the `core') of radio loud active galaxies. In the most powerful of them, these jets terminate in the `hotspots', compact high brightness regions, where the jet flow collides with the intergalactic medium (IGM). Although it has long been established that in their inner ($\sim$parsec) regions these jet flows are relativistic, it is still not clear if they remain so at their largest (hundreds of kiloparsec) scales. We argue that the X-ray, optical and radio data of the hotspots, despite their at-first-sight disparate properties, can be unified in a scheme involving a relativistic flow upstream of the hotspot that decelerates to the sub-relativistic speed of its inferred advance through the IGM and viewed at different angles to its direction of motion. This scheme, besides providing an account of the hotspot spectral properties with jet orientation, it also suggests that the large-scale jets remain relativistic all the way to the hotspots.
description: to appear in ApJL
Mobil-flexible Arbeit – auf den Rhythmus kommt es an
Creators: name: Schulze, Hartmut
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hybrid Work
subject: Mobil-flexible Arbeit
subject: 150 - Psychologie
subject: 330 - Wirtschaft
subject: 610 - Medizin und Gesundheit

description: - Hybrid Work wird zur dominierenden Arbeitsweise. - Faustregel: zwischen 2-3 Tagen remote bzw. vor Ort (v.a. im wissensintensiven Sektor) –für neue Mitarbeitende anfangs mehr vor Ort - Achtung: Entstehung von Mythenzwischen verschiedenen Mitarbeitendengruppen. - Der Ort der Arbeit ist weniger wichtig als die Häufigkeit(und ggfs. die Qualität) derKontakte - Die Raumgestaltungspielt eine Rolle für die Wahl des Arbeitsortes; eine positiv wahrgenommene Atmosphäre des Raumes wirkt sich positiv auf die Häufigkeit der Arbeit vor Ort aus und hat einen Einfluss auf die Produktivität