cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modular Microsystem for the Isolation, Enumeration, and Phenotyping of Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer
Creators: name: Jackson, J. M.
name: Yeh, J. J.
name: Soper, S. A.
name: Torphy, R. J.
name: Njoroge, S. K.
name: Snavely, A.
name: Dharmasiri, U.
name: Kamande, J. W.
name: Witek, M. A.
name: Wang, H.
name: Aufforth, R. D.
name: Hupert, M. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: In this manuscript, we discuss the development and clinical use of a thermoplastic modular microsystem for the high-throughput analysis of CTCs directly from whole blood. The modular system offers some innovative features that address challenges currently associated with many CTC platforms; it can exhaustively process 7.5 ml of blood in less than 45 min with recoveries >90%. In addition, the system automates the post-selection CTC processing steps and thus, significantly reduces assay turnaround time (from selection to enumeration <1.5 h as compared to >8 h for many reported CTC platforms). The system is comprised of 3 functional modules including; (i) a thermoplastic CTC selection module composed of high aspect ratio (30 μm × 150 μm) channels containing anti-EpCAM antibodies that is scalable in terms of throughput by employing channel numbers ranging from 50 to 320 – the channel number is user selected to accommodate the volume of blood that must be processed; (ii) an impedance sensor module for label-less CTC counting; and (iii) a staining and imaging module for the placement of released cells into a 2D array within a common imaging plane for phenotypic identification. To demonstrate the utility of this system, blood samples from patients with local resectable and metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were analyzed. We demonstrate the ability to select EpCAM positive CTCs from PDAC patients in high purity (>86%) and with excellent yields (mean = 53 CTCs per ml for metastatic PDAC patients) using our modular system. In addition, we demonstrate the ability to detect CTCs in PDAC patients with local resectable disease (mean = 11 CTCs per ml).
Design principles for non-equilibrium self-assembly
Creators: name: Nguyen, Michael
name: Vaikuntanathan, Suriyanarayanan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an important class of self-assembly problems and using the formalism of stochastic thermodynamics, we derive a set of design principles for growing controlled assemblies far from equilibrium. The design principles constrain the set of structures that can be obtained under non-equilibrium conditions. Our central result provides intuition for how equilibrium self-assembly landscapes are modified under finite non-equilibrium drive.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
(100690) Winifred Dagmar Kennard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Force Dipole Interactions in Tubular Fluid Membranes
Creators: name: Jain, Samyak
name: Samanta, Rickmoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct viscous fluid flow sourced by a force dipole embedded in a cylindrical fluid membrane, coupled to external embedding fluids. We find analytic expressions for the flow, in the limit of infinitely long and thin tubular membranes. We utilize this solution to formulate the in-plane dynamics of a pair of pusher-type dipoles along the cylinder surface. We find that a mutually perpendicular dipole pair generically move together along helical geodesics. Since the cylindrical geometry breaks the in-plane rotational symmetry of the membrane, there is a difference in flows along the axial and transverse directions of the cylinder. This in turn leads to anisotropic hydrodynamic interaction between the dipoles and is remarkably different from flat and spherical fluid membranes. In particular, the flow along the compact direction of the cylinder has a local rigid rotation term (independent of the angular coordinate but decays along the axis of the cylinder). Due to this feature of the flow, we observe that the interacting dipole pair initially situated along the axial direction exhibits an overall drift along the compact angular direction of the tubular fluid membrane. We find that the drift for the dipole pair increases linearly with time. Our results are relevant for non-equilibrium dynamics of motor proteins in tubular membranes arising in nature, as well as in-vitro experiments (25).
Ex Vivo Chemical Cytometric Analysis of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Activity in Single Human Airway Epithelial Cells
Creators: name: Samet, James M.
name: Bair, Eric
name: Dailey, Lisa A.
name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
name: Phillips, Ryan M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We describe a novel method for the measurement of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) activity in single human airway epithelial cells (hAECs) using capillary electrophoresis. This technique involved the microinjection of a fluorescent phosphopeptide that is hydrolyzed specifically by PTPs. Analyses in BEAS-2B immortalized bronchial epithelial cells showed rapid PTP-mediated dephosphorylation of the substrate (2.2 pmol min−1 mg−1) that was blocked by pretreatment of the cells with the PTP inhibitors pervanadate, Zn2+, and 1,2-naphthoquinone (76%, 69%, 100% inhibition relative to PTP activity in untreated controls, respectively). These studies were then extended to a more physiologically relevant model system: primary hAECs cultured from bronchial brushings of living human subjects. In primary hAECs, dephosphorylation of the substrate occurred at a rate of 2.2 pmol min−1 mg−1, and was also effectively inhibited by pre-incubation of the cells with the inhibitors pervanadate, Zn2+, and 1,2- naphthoquinone (91%, 88%, and 87% median PTP inhibition, respectively). Reporter proteolysis in single BEAS-2B cells occurred at a median rate of 43 fmol min−1 mg−1 resulting in a mean half-life of 20 min. The reporter displayed a similar median half-life of 28 min in these single primary cells. Finally, single viable epithelial cells (which were assayed for PTP activity immediately after collection by bronchial brushing of a human volunteer) showed dephosphorylation rates ranging from 0.34–36 pmol min−1 mg−1 (n = 6). These results demonstrate the utility and applicability of this technique for the ex vivo quantification of PTP activity in small, heterogeneous, human cells and tissues.
Revisiting Leading Quantum Corrections to Near Extremal Black Hole Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Banerjee, Nabamita
name: Saha, Muktajyoti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computing the 4D Euclidean path integral to one-loop order we find the large quantum corrections that govern the behavior of a spherically symmetric non-supersymmetric near-extremal black hole at very low temperature. These corrections appear from the near-horizon geometry of the near-extremal black hole. Using first-order perturbation theory we find that such corrections arise from the zero modes of the extremal background. In the logarithm of the partition function, these correspond to terms involving logarithm of temperature. Part of our result matches with the existing one in literature derived from an effective Schwarzian theory.
description: 35 pages, 1 figure
A confocal laser-induced fluorescence diagnostic with a ring-shaped laser beam
Creators: name: Romadanov, I.
name: Raitses, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we report a confocal laser induced fluorescence (LIF) configuration, which allows for high spatial resolution measurements of plasma properties in plasma setups and sources with a limited optical access. The proposed LIF configuration utilizes a ring-shaped laser beam generated by a pair of diffractive axicons. LIF signal is collected along the main optical axis within the ring region. It is shown experimentally that at the focal distance of 300 mm, the spatial resolution of approximately 5.3 mm can be achieved. More than that, theoretical estimations predict the possibility of achieving ~1 mm resolution at the same focal distance by adjusting laser beam parameters. This is approaching the localization accuracy of conventional LIF collection methods (with crossing laser beam injection and fluorescence collection optical paths). Measurements of the ion velocity distribution function in an argon plasma using both the confocal LIF with ring shaped laser beam and conventional LIF demonstrate a satisfactory agreement. The proposed LIF setup has potential applications for diagnostics in various plasma processing equipment, and plasma sources such as hollow cathodes, microplasmas, electric propulsion, etc.
title: All you need to know about fungal CNS infection: 10 years experience of a tertiary hospital.
Creators: name: Da Conceição, Thaylla
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Infection
subject: Abscess
subject: eLearning
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of our educational exposition is to: Illustrate the fungal lesions findings on CT and on MRI and differential diagnoses on the CT and MRI in the 10 years of experience of the Neuroradiology service of the Hospital of Clínicas of Porto...
Correlations of Disk and Jet Emission Deviating from the Fundamental Plane
Creators: name: Lin, Da-Bin
name: Gu, Wei-Min
name: Mu, Hui-Jun
name: Lu, Zu-Jia
name: Ma, Ren-Yi
name: Liang, En-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The variability of accretion rate, which is believed to induce the aperiodic variability of X-ray emission from disk, may affect the energy injection into the jet. In this spirit, a correlation between disk emission and jet emission can be formed even if the mean luminosity of disk emission keeps constant. In this work, these correlations are found in the situation that the luminosity of disk emission is variable and kept with a constant mean value. The obtained correlations may be shallower than that of the fundamental plane of black hole activity. In addition, the slope of correlation may increase with increasing observed frequency of jet emission. For the luminosities spacing with three days, the slope of correlation decreases with increasing black hole mass. The deviation of our found correlations from that of the fundamental plane is related to the suppression of variability in the jet emission in comparison with that in the disk emission. This mechanism may work in some sources in which shallower correlations have been reported. Moreover, it implies that luminosities used to estimate the relation of fundamental plane should cover an appropriate timescale, in which the variability of jet emission is not significantly suppressed.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
(100687) Laurence Heyworth
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
СПОРТ ФАОЛИЯТИДА МУВАФФАҚИЯТГА ИНТИЛИШ ВА МУВАФФАҚИЯТДАН ҚОЧИШ МОТИВАЦИЯСИ
Creators: name: Жалолов, Боходир
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Муваффақият эришиш мотивацияси - бу инсон мотивациясининг ўзига хос кўринишидир. Мотивациянинг бу турини биринчи бўлиб Г.Мюррей (1938) томонидан фанга киритилган.
Dynamical Generation of Topological Magnetic Lattices for Ultracold Atoms
Creators: name: Yu, Jinlong
name: Xu, Zhi-Fang
name: Lü, Rong
name: You, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to dynamically synthesize a space-periodic effective magnetic field for neutral atoms by time-periodic magnetic field pulses. When atomic spin adiabatically follows the direction of the effective magnetic field, an adiabatic scalar potential together with a geometric vector potential emerges for the atomic center-of-mass motion, due to the Berry phase effect. While atoms hop between honeycomb lattice sites formed by the minima of the adiabatic potential, complex Peierls phase factors in the hopping coefficients are induced by the vector potential, which facilitate a topological Chern insulator. With further tuning of external parameters, both a topological phase transition and topological flat bands can be achieved, highlighting realistic prospects for studying strongly correlated phenomena in this system. Our Letter presents an alternative pathway towards creating and manipulating topological states of ultracold atoms by magnetic fields.
description: 5+7 pages, 3+4 figures
title: White matter volume is decreased in bipolar disorder at early and late stages
Creators: name: Da Conceição, Thaylla
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Segmentation
subject: Outcomes

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To evaluate the variation of the corpus callosum and white matter volumes in the late and early stages of bipolar disorder and the relation with the gray matter neuroprogressivity. To evaluate the total white matter (WM) and corpus callosum (CC)...
In Vivo Analytical Performance of Nitric Oxide-Releasing Glucose Biosensors
Creators: name: Schoenfisch, Mark H.
name: Soto, Robert J.
name: Privett, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The in vivo analytical performance of percutaneously implanted nitric oxide (NO)-releasing amperometric glucose biosensors was evaluated in swine for 10 d. Needle-type glucose biosensors were functionalized with NO-releasing polyurethane coatings designed to release similar total amounts of NO (3.1 μmol cm–2) for rapid (16.0 ± 4.4 h) or slower (>74.6 ± 16.6 h) durations and remain functional as outer glucose sensor membranes. Relative to controls, NO-releasing sensors were characterized with improved numerical accuracy on days 1 and 3. Furthermore, the clinical accuracy and sensitivity of rapid NO-releasing sensors were superior to control and slower NO-releasing sensors at both 1 and 3 d implantation. In contrast, the slower, extended, NO-releasing sensors were characterized by shorter sensor lag times (<4.2 min) in response to intravenous glucose tolerance tests versus burst NO-releasing and control sensors (>5.8 min) at 3, 7, and 10 d. Collectively, these results highlight the potential for NO release to enhance the analytical utility of in vivo glucose biosensors. Initial results also suggest that this analytical performance benefit is dependent on the NO-release duration.
Measurement of Protein Kinase B Activity in Single Primary Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Creators: name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
name: Yeh, Jen Jen
name: Herrera-Loeza, S. Gabriela
name: Lawrence, David S.
name: Wang, Qunzhao
name: Proctor, Angela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: An optimized peptide substrate was used to measure protein kinase B (PKB) activity in single cells. The peptide substrate was introduced into single cells, and capillary electrophoresis was used to separate and quantify nonphosphorylated and phosphorylated peptide. The system was validated in three model pancreatic cancer cell lines before being applied to primary cells from human pancreatic adenocarcinomas propagated in nude mice. As measured by phosphorylation of peptide substrate, each tumor cell line exhibited statistically different median levels of PKB activity (65%, 21%, and 4% phosphorylation in PANC-1 (human pancreatic carcinoma), CFPAC-1 (human metastatic ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma), and HPAF-II cells (human pancreatic adenocarcinoma), respectively) with CFPAC-1 cells demonstrating two populations of cells or bimodal behavior in PKB activation levels. The primary cells exhibited highly variable PKB activity at the single cell level, with some cells displaying little to no activity and others possessing very high levels of activity. This system also enabled simultaneous characterization of peptidase action in single cells by measuring the amount of cleaved peptide substrate in each cell. The tumor cell lines displayed degradation rates statistically similar to one another (0.02, 0.06, and 0.1 zmol pg–1 s–1, for PANC-1, CFPAC-1, and HPAF-II cells, respectively) while the degradation rate in primary cells was 10-fold slower. The peptide cleavage sites also varied between tissue-cultured and primary cells, with 5- and 8-residue fragments formed in tumor cell lines and only the 8-residue fragment formed in primary cells. These results demonstrate the ability of chemical cytometry to identify important differences in enzymatic behavior between primary cells and tissue-cultured cell lines.
Application of $p$-adic analysis methods in describing Markov processes on ultrametric spaces isometrically embeddable into $\mathbb{Q}_{p}$
Creators: name: Bikulov, A. Kh.
name: Zubarev, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for describing stationary Markov processes on the class of ultrametric spaces $\mathbb{U}$ isometrically embeddable in the field $\mathbb{Q}_{p}$ of $p$-adic numbers. This method is capable of reducing the study of such processes to the investigation of processes on $\mathbb{Q}_{p}$. Thereby the traditional machinery of $p$-adic mathematical physics can be applied to calculate the characteristics of stationary Markov processes on such spaces. The Cauchy problem for the Kolmogorov-Feller equation of a~stationary Markov process on such spaces is shown as being reducible to the Cauchy problem for a pseudo-differential equation on $\mathbb{Q}_{p}$ with non-translation-invariant measure $m\left(x\right)d_{p}x$. The spectrum of the pseudo-differential operator of the Kolmogorov-Feller equation on $\mathbb{Q}_{p}$ with measure $m\left(x\right)d_{p}x$ is found. Orthonormal basis of real valued functions for $L^{2}\left(\mathbb{Q}_{p},m\left(x\right)d_{p}x\right)$ is constructed from the eigenfunctions of this operator.
description: 14 pages
Parallel Affinity-Based Isolation of Leukocyte Subsets Using Microfluidics: Application for Stroke Diagnosis
Creators: name: Hupert, Mateusz L.
name: Baird, Alison E.
name: Soper, Steven A.
name: Jackson, Joshua M.
name: Pullagurla, Swathi R.
name: Lindell, Maria A. M.
name: Witek, Małgorzata A.
name: Nesterova, Irina V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We report the design and performance of a polymer microfluidic device that can affinity select multiple types of biological cells simultaneously with sufficient recovery and purity to allow for the expression profiling of mRNA isolated from these cells. The microfluidic device consisted of four independent selection beds with curvilinear channels that were 25 μm wide and 80 μm deep and were modified with antibodies targeting antigens specifically expressed by two different cell types. Bifurcated and Z-configured device geometries were evaluated for cell selection. As an example of the performance of these devices, CD4+ T-cells and neutrophils were selected from whole blood as these cells are known to express genes found in stroke-related expression profiles that can be used for the diagnosis of this disease. CD4+ T-cells and neutrophils were simultaneously isolated with purities >90% using affinity-based capture in cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) devices with a processing time of ∼3 min. In addition, sufficient quantities of the cells could be recovered from a 50 μL whole blood input to allow for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) following cell lysis. The expression of genes from isolated T-cells and neutrophils, such as S100A9, TCRB, and FPR1, was evaluated using RT-PCR. The modification and isolation procedures demonstrated here can also be used to analyze other cell types as well where multiple subsets must be interrogated.
Explicit cost bounds of stochastic Galerkin approximations for parameterized PDEs with random coefficients
Creators: name: Dexter, Nick
name: Webster, Clayton
name: Zhang, Guannan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This work analyzes the overall computational complexity of the stochastic Galerkin finite element method (SGFEM) for approximating the solution of parameterized elliptic partial differential equations with both affine and non-affine random coefficients. To compute the fully discrete solution, such approaches employ a Galerkin projection in both the deterministic and stochastic domains, produced here by a combination of finite elements and a global orthogonal basis, defined on an isotopic total degree index set, respectively. To account for the sparsity of the resulting system, we present a rigorous cost analysis that considers the total number of coupled finite element systems that must be simultaneously solved in the SGFEM. However, to maintain sparsity as the coefficient becomes increasingly nonlinear in the parameterization, it is necessary to also approximate the coefficient by an additional orthogonal expansion. In this case we prove a rigorous complexity estimate for the number of floating point operations (FLOPs) required per matrix-vector multiplication of the coupled system. Based on such complexity estimates we also develop explicit cost bounds in terms of FLOPs to solve the stochastic Galerkin (SG) systems to a prescribed tolerance, which are used to compare with the minimal complexity estimates of a stochastic collocation finite element method (SCFEM), shown in our previous work [16]. Finally, computational evidence complements the theoretical estimates and supports our conclusion that, in the case that the coefficient is affine, the coupled SG system can be solved more efficiently than the decoupled SC systems. However, as the coefficient becomes more nonlinear, it becomes prohibitively expensive to obtain an approximation with the SGFEM.
Speciation Analysis of Arsenic by Selective Hydride Generation-Cryotrapping-Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry with Flame-in-Gas-Shield Atomizer: Achieving Extremely Low Detection Limits with Inexpensive Instrumentation
Creators: name: Matoušek, Tomáš
name: Currier, Jenna M.
name: Dědina, Jiří
name: Musil, Stanislav
name: Stýblo, Miroslav
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This work describes the method of a selective hydride generation-cryotrapping (HG-CT) coupled to an extremely sensitive but simple in-house assembled and designed atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) instrument for determination of toxicologically important As species. Here, an advanced flame-in-gas-shield atomizer (FIGS) was interfaced to HG-CT and its performance was compared to a standard miniature diffusion flame (MDF) atomizer. A significant improvement both in sensitivity and baseline noise was found that was reflected in improved (4 times) limits of detection (LODs). The yielded LODs with the FIGS atomizer were 0.44, 0.74, 0.15, 0.17 and 0.67 ng L–1 for arsenite, total inorganic, mono-, dimethylated As and trimethylarsine oxide, respectively. Moreover, the sensitivities with FIGS and MDF were equal for all As species, allowing for the possibility of single species standardization with arsenate standard for accurate quantification of all other As species. The accuracy of HG-CT-AFS with FIGS was verified by speciation analysis in two samples of bottled drinking water and certified reference materials, NRC CASS-5 (nearshore seawater) and SLRS-5 (river water) that contain traces of methylated As species. As speciation was in agreement with results previously reported and sums of all quantified species corresponded with the certified total As. The feasibility of HG-CT-AFS with FIGS was also demonstrated by the speciation analysis in microsamples of exfoliated bladder epithelial cells isolated from human urine. The results for the sums of trivalent and pentavalent As species corresponded well with the reference results obtained by HG-CT-ICPMS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry).
(100689) Heyworth Potter Laurence Heyworth
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
S -Nitrosothiol Analysis via Photolysis and Amperometric Nitric Oxide Detection in a Microfluidic Device
Creators: name: Hunter, Rebecca A.
name: Schoenfisch, Mark H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: A 530 nm light emitting diode was coupled to a microfluidic sensor to facilitate photolysis of nitrosothiols (i.e., S-nitrosoglutathione, S-nitrosocysteine, and S-nitrosoalbumin) and amperometric detection of the resulting nitric oxide (NO). This configuration allowed for maximum sensitivity and versatility while limiting potential interference from nitrate decomposition caused by ultraviolet light. Compared to similar measurements of total S-nitrosothiol content in bulk solution, use of the microfluidic platform permitted significantly enhanced analytical performance in both phosphate buffered saline and plasma (6–20× improvement in sensitivity depending on nitrosothiol type). Additionally, the ability to reduce sample volumes from milliliters to microliters provides increased clinical utility. To demonstrate its potential for biological analysis, this device was used to measure basal nitrosothiol levels in the vasculature of a healthy porcine model.
RECORDS OF GOUCHARAN (GRAZING LAND) UNDER THE DIFFERENT LANDLORDS OF SIKKIM
Creators: name: Pradhan, Durga
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Global Indigenous studies culture, language and history

description: Sikkim’s economy was under the agrarian system as the rest of the world in the prehistoric period. The land of the Sikkim was connected to the Central Asia through the stretch of valleys and furrows having several passes. In the Himalayan region, the market was well established across the region that can be understood and reflected in the different treaties of British, China, Sikkim and Nepal (Risley,1894;Pradhan,2020). The Treaty of Titalia, 1817 ceded, transferred and made full sovereignty to the Sikkimputte Rajahs, his heirs or successors, all the hilly or mountainous country situated to the eastward of the Mechi river and to the westward of the Teesta river, formerly possessed by the Rajah of Nepaul . The articles of the Treaty of Titalia 1817 shifted the power of sovereignty to the Rajah of Sikkim and allow to make laws and regulations to the territories in question which was ceded from the Nepal. It is also clear that the statement of grant document advocated for the survey too (Pradhan, 2020). Despite of treaties and agreements, the few authors critically analyzed the truth of Sikkim’s history. So, there are several unprofessional writings which mislead the history of the aboriginal people of Sikkim and the travelers. Likewise several authors’ publications who narrated and presented inconclusively (Rao,1978;Sengupta,1985;Rustomji,1987). This is why, this study is conducted. One of the records of survey of the Goucharans of the Sikkim studied and presented which were under the Landlords of Sikkim during 1913-1915.
Trade-offs in delayed information transmission in biochemical networks
Creators: name: Mancini, Francesca
name: Marsili, Matteo
name: Walczak, Aleksandra M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In order to transmit biochemical signals, biological regulatory systems dissipate energy with concomitant entropy production. Additionally, signaling often takes place in challenging environmental conditions. In a simple model regulatory circuit given by an input and a delayed output, we explore the trade-offs between information transmission and the system's energetic efficiency. We determine the maximally informative network, given a fixed amount of entropy production and delayed response, exploring both the case with and without feedback. We find that feedback allows the circuit to overcome energy constraints and transmit close to the maximum available information even in the dissipationless limit. Negative feedback loops, characteristic of shock responses, are optimal at high dissipation. Close to equilibrium positive feedback loops, known for their stability, become more informative. Asking how the signaling network should be constructed to best function in the worst possible environment, rather than an optimally tuned one or in steady state, we discover that at large dissipation the same universal motif is optimal in all of these conditions.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures
Men regret anabolic steroid use due to a lack of comprehension regarding the consequences on future fertility
Creators: name: Kovac, J. R.
name: Coward, R. M.
name: Rajanahally, S.
name: Smith, R. P.
name: Scovell, J.
name: Ramasamy, R.
name: Lipshultz, L. I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We examined whether men with anabolic steroid induced hypogonadism (ASIH) seeking testosterone supplementation therapy (TST) regretted their decision to use anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) and what their reasons were for this regret. An anonymous, prospective survey was distributed to 382 men seeking follow-up treatment for hypogonadism. Prior AAS use was confirmed by self-report and men were categorised based upon whether they regretted (R) or did not regret (NR) their use of AAS. The average patient age was 40±0.9 years (n=79) and 15.2% expressed regret over AAS use. No demographic differences were identified between those who regretted AAS use (n=12) and those who did not (n=67). Regret was not related to ASIH diagnosis or to AAS-related side effects like increased aggression, mood disorders, erectile dysfunction, acne, fluid retention or dyslipidemia. Those who regretted AAS use were significantly more likely to have not comprehended the negative impact on future fertility (p<0.030). Actual fertility issues were comparable in men who regretted AAS use (16.7%) and those who did not (13%). A total of 15.2% of men regretted using AAS. A lack of awareness regarding the negative long-term effects on fertility was the primary factor related to regret of AAS use in men with ASIH.
Physical Models for Solar Cycle Predictions
Creators: name: Bhowmik, Prantika
name: Jiang, Jie
name: Upton, Lisa
name: Lemerle, Alexandre
name: Nandy, Dibyendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamic activity of stars such as the Sun influences (exo)planetary space environments through modulation of stellar radiation, plasma wind, particle and magnetic fluxes. Energetic stellar phenomena such as flares and coronal mass ejections act as transient perturbations giving rise to hazardous space weather. Magnetic fields -- the primary driver of stellar activity -- are created via a magnetohydrodynamic dynamo mechanism within stellar convection zones. The dynamo mechanism in our host star -- the Sun -- is manifest in the cyclic appearance of magnetized sunspots on the solar surface. While sunspots have been directly observed for over four centuries, and theories of the origin of solar-stellar magnetism have been explored for over half a century, the inability to converge on the exact mechanism(s) governing cycle to cycle fluctuations and inconsistent predictions for the strength of future sunspot cycles have been challenges for models of solar cycle forecasts. This review discusses observational constraints on the solar magnetic cycle with a focus on those relevant for cycle forecasting, elucidates recent physical insights which aid in understanding solar cycle variability, and presents advances in solar cycle predictions achieved via data-driven, physics-based models. The most successful prediction approaches support the Babcock-Leighton solar dynamo mechanism as the primary driver of solar cycle variability and reinforces the flux transport paradigm as a useful tool for modelling solar-stellar magnetism.
description: 50 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Space Science Reviews
OPTIMAL TUNING OF PID AND LQR CONTROLLERS USING GENETIC ALGORITHM AND PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION FOR CONTROL OF FIXED WING-TILTROTOR UAV
Creators: name: EFREM NIGUSSE KORME
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: OPTIMAL TUNING OF PID AND LQR CONTROLLERS 

USING GENETIC ALGORITHM AND PARTICLE 

SWARM OPTIMIZATION FOR CONTROL OF FIXED 

WING-TILTROTOR UAV
title: Reduction of radiation dose and motion artifact in paediatric digital radiography: usefulness of combination of higher-voltage technique and digital scattered X-ray removal processing
Creators: name: Suzuki, Ryuji
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Image verification
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Paediatric

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Some tissues in children are more sensitive to the damaging effects of ionizing radiation than those in adults, and special attention has to be paid to the amounts of radiation used [1]. Image deterioration due to body motion may be one factor...
Emergence of Chern Supermetal and Pair-Density Wave through Higher-Order Van Hove Singularities in the Haldane-Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Castro, Pedro
name: Shaffer, Daniel
name: Wu, Yi-Ming
name: Santos, Luiz H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While advances in electronic band theory have brought to light new topological systems, understanding the interplay of band topology and electronic interactions remains a frontier question. In this work, we predict new interacting electronic orders emerging near higher-order Van Hove singularities present in the Chern bands of the Haldane model. We classify the nature of such singularities and employ unbiased renormalization group methods that unveil a complex landscape of electronic orders, which include ferromagnetism, density-waves and superconductivity. Importantly, we show that repulsive interactions can stabilize long-sought pair-density wave state and an exotic Chern supermetal, which is a new class of non-Fermi liquid with anomalous quantum Hall response. This framework opens a new path to explore unconventional electronic phases in two-dimensional chiral bands through the interplay of band topology and higher-order Van Hove singularities.
description: 6 pages; 3 figures
The ARIC Carotid MRI Study of Blood Cellular Markers: An Inverse Association of Monocyte Myeloperoxidase Content With Peripheral Arterial Disease
Creators: name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Folsom, Aaron R.
name: Nidkarni, Nivedita
name: Wu, Kenneth K.
name: Matijevic, Nena
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: We evaluated the association of blood monocyte and platelet activation markers with the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in a multicenter study of atherosclerosis among African American and Caucasian patients. Flow cytometric analysis of blood cells was performed in 1791 participants (209 cases with PAD and 1582 noncases) from the cross-sectional Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Carotid Magnetic Resonance Imaging ([MRI] ARIC Carotid MRI) Study to assess platelet glycoproteins IIb and IIIa, P-selectin, CD40 ligand, platelet–leukocyte aggregates, monocyte lipopolysaccharide receptor, toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4, P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1, cyclooxygenase 2, and myeloperoxidase. Multivariate regression analyses evaluated the association of cellular markers with the risk of PAD. After adjusting for age, race, and gender, platelet CD40L, and monocyte myeloperoxidase (mMPO) levels were significantly lower (P < .001), and monocyte TLR-4 levels were higher (P = .03) in patients with PAD. With additional adjustments for conventional risk factors, mMPO remained inversely and independently associated with the risk of PAD (odds ratio [OR]: 0.35, P = .01).
Levels of uniformity
Creators: name: Kuyper, Rutger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a hierarchy of degree structures between the Medvedev and Muchnik lattices which allow varying amounts of non-uniformity. We use these structures to introduce the notion of the uniformity of a Muchnik reduction, which expresses how uniform a reduction is. We study this notion for several well-known reductions from algorithmic randomness. Furthermore, since our new structures are Brouwer algebras, we study their propositional theories. Finally, we study if our new structures are elementarily equivalent to each other.
SVSI: Fast and Powerful Set-Valued System Identification Approach to Identifying Rare Variants in Sequencing Studies for Ordered Categorical Traits: SVSIfor Genetic Association Studies
Creators: name: Zhang, Ji-Feng
name: Bi, Wenjian
name: Hartford, Christine M.
name: Li, Yun
name: Kang, Guolian
name: Leung, Wing
name: Cui, Yuehua
name: Relling, Mary V.
name: Yang, Jun J.
name: Liu, Zhifa
name: Borowitz, Michael J.
name: Pounds, Stanley B.
name: Hunger, Stephen P.
name: Cheng, Cheng
name: Pui, Ching-Hon
name: Zhao, Yanlong
name: Yan, Song
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: For genetic association studies that involve an ordered categorical phenotype, we usually either regroup multiple categories of the phenotype into two categories (“cases” and “controls”) and then apply the standard logistic regression (LG), or apply ordered logistic (oLG) or ordered probit (oPRB) regression which accounts for the ordinal nature of the phenotype. However, these approaches may lose statistical power or may not control type I error rate due to their model assumption and/or instable parameter estimation algorithm when the genetic variant is rare or sample size is limited. Here to solve this problem, we propose a set-valued (SV) system model, which assumes that an underlying continuous phenotype follows a normal distribution, to identify genetic variants associated with an ordinal categorical phenotype. We couple this model with a set-valued system identification algorithm to identify all the key system parameters. Simulations and two real data analyses show that SV and LG accurately controlled the Type I error rate even at a significance level of 10−6 but not oLG and oPRB in some cases. LG had significantly smaller power than the other three methods due to disregarding of the ordinal nature of the phenotype, and SV had similar or greater power than oLG and oPRB. For instance, in a simulation with data generated from an additive SV model with odds ratio of 7.4 for a phenotype with three categories, a single nucleotide polymorphism with minor allele frequency of 0.75% and sample size of 999 (333 per category), the power of SV, oLG and LG models were 70%, 40% and <1%, respectively, at a significance level of 10−6. Thus, SV should be employed in genetic association studies for ordered categorical phenotype.
Unveiling the formation of Milky Way-like galaxies through the relative abundance of metals in their stars
Creators: name: Pérez-Martín, Adrián
name: De Lorenzo-Cáceres, Adriana
name: Méndez-Abreu, Jairo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: galaxies
disk
bulges
bulgeless
stellar populations
[α/Fe]

description: The stellar populations of massive, bulgeless, spiral galaxies in the nearby universe have been analysed by using pPXF, fitting their spectra to the Vazdekis et al. (2015) models. This poster shows and discuss the obtained results.
(100691) Thyra Halgurda Heyworth
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Universal scheme for indirect quantum control
Creators: name: Layden, David
name: Martin-Martinez, Eduardo
name: Kempf, Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a bipartite quantum object, composed of a quantum system and a quantum actuator which is periodically reset. We show that the reduced dynamics of the system approaches unitarity as the reset frequency of the actuator is increased. This phenomenon arises because quantum systems interacting for a short time can impact each other faster than they can become significantly entangled. In the high reset-frequency limit, the effective Hamiltonian describing the system's unitary evolution depends on the state to which the actuator is reset. This makes it possible to indirectly implement a continuous family of effective Hamiltonians on one part of a bipartite quantum object, thereby reducing the problem of indirect control (via a quantum actuator) to the well-studied one of direct quantum control.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX 4.1. v3: Updated to match published version
Possible Superconductivity Approaching Ice Point
Creators: name: Ge, Yanfeng
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Yao, Yugui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently BCS superconductivity at 203 K has been discovery in a highly compressed hydrogen sulfide. We use first-principles calculations to systematically examine the effects of partially substituting the chalcogen atoms on the superconductivity of hydrogen chalcogenides under high pressures. We find detailed trends of how the critical temperature changes with increasing the V-, VI- or VII-substitution rate, which highlight the key roles played by low atomic mass and by strong covalent metallicity. In particular, a possible record high critical temperature of 280 K is predicted in a stable H3S0.925P0.075 with the Im-3m structure under 250 GPa.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Dynamical Henneaux-Teitelboim Gravity
Creators: name: Albertini, Emma
name: Barnes, Kyle
name: Herczeg, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a modified gravity model which we call "dynamical Henneaux-Teitelboim gravity" because of its close relationship with the Henneaux-Teitelboim formulation of unimodular gravity. The latter is a fully diffeomorphism-invariant formulation of unimodular gravity, where full diffeomorphism invariance is achieved by introducing two additional non-dynamical fields: a scalar, which plays the role of a cosmological constant, and a three-form whose exterior derivative is the spacetime volume element. Dynamical Henneaux-Teitelboim gravity is a generalization of this model that includes kinetic terms for both the scalar and the three-form with arbitrary couplings. We study the field equations for the cases of spherically symmetric and homogeneous, isotropic configurations. In the spherically symmetric case, we solve the field equations analytically for small values of the coupling to obtain an approximate black hole solution. In the homogeneous and isotropic case, we perturb around de Sitter space to find an approximate cosmological background for our model.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
title: Evaluation of the functional significance of coronary lesions with Myocardial CT Perfusion : The First institutional study in Algeria
Creators: name: Boughrarou, Rafika
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CAD
subject: Acute

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Multi coronary angiography ( CTA) is a robust method for the non invasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, in its current form, CTA is limited in its prediction of myocardial ischemia. Recent advances in cardiac computed...