cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observation of Poiseuille Flow of Phonons in Black Phosphorus
Creators: name: Machida, Yo
name: Subedi, Alaska
name: Akiba, Kazuto
name: Miyake, Atsushi
name: Tokunaga, Masashi
name: Akahama, Yuichi
name: Izawa, Koichi
name: Behnia, Kamran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The travel of heat in insulators is commonly pictured as a flow of phonons scattered along their individual trajectory. In rare circumstances, momentum-conserving collision events dominate, and thermal transport becomes hydrodynamic. One of these cases, dubbed the Poiseuille flow of phonons, can occur in a temperature window just below the peak temperature of thermal conductivity. We report on a study of heat flow in bulk black phosphorus between 0.1 and 80 K. We find a thermal conductivity showing a faster than cubic temperature dependence between 5 and 12 K. Consequently, the effective phonon mean free path shows a nonmonotonic temperature dependence at the onset of the ballistic regime, with a size-dependent Knudsen minimum. These are hallmarks of Poiseuille flow previously observed in a handful of solids. Comparing the phonon dispersion in black phosphorus and silicon, we showthat the phase space for normal scattering events in black phosphorus is much larger. Our results imply that the most important requirement for the emergence of Poiseuille flowis the facility ofmomentum exchange between acoustic phonon branches. Proximity to a structural transition can be beneficial for the emergence of this behavior in clean systems, even when they do not exceed silicon in purity.
description: Main text: 21 pages, 6 figures. Supplementary Materials included
PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RESOURCES AS AN ENTRY POINT FOR RAISING LOCAL ADMINISTRATIVE EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS: ZAIN TELECOMMUNICATIONS CASE STUDY
Creators: name: Dr. AHMAD SALEH ALHAZAIMEH
name: Dr. MOHAMMAD ALZOUBI
name: RAMA MOHAMMAD ALZOUBI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Human Resources, Training, Participation in Decision Making, Motivation, Oversight, Zain Communication Company.

description: Abstract

This study aimed to explore the role of international human resources planning and development (training, participation in decision making, motivation, and oversight) as an entry point to raise the level of efficiency and effectiveness by: defining development and planning each one by one and linking it to the concept of human resources to identify efficiency, effectiveness. In addition to introduce suggestions and recommendations to the firms, and to future research in similar topics. A sample (80) employees of Zain Communications company was taken, working in human resources departments. (71) resolutions deemed fit for analysis recovered. The most important research findings that there is positive statistically significant influence for human resources management practices (training, participating in decision-making, motivation, and oversight)) in raising the level of efficiency and effectiveness. The study recommends that the department should rely on the empowerment of employees on their willingness to assume responsibilities, and outsourcing like consultants is another option, consultant that can lead the process.
Additional file 1 of Calcium channel blockers do not protect against saturated fatty acid-induced ER stress and apoptosis in human pancreatic β-cells
Creators: name: Šrámek, Jan
name: Němcová, Vlasta
name: Kovář, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. In vitro images of NES2Y and 1.1B4 β-cells after the treatment.
Black Hole Physics from Liouville Theory
Creators: name: de Alwis, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper it was shown that the quantum consistency conditions for the dilaton-gravity theory of Callan et al., imply that the cosmological constant term undergoes a dilaton dependent renormalization, in such a manner that the theory can be written as a Liouville-like theory. In this paper we discuss the physical interpretation of the solutions of this theory. In particular we demonstrate explicitly how quantum corrections tame the black hole singularity. Also under the assumption that in asymptotically Minkowski coordinates, there are no incoming or outgoing ghosts, we show that the Hawking radiation rate is independent of the number of matter fields and is determined by the ghost conformal anomaly.
description: 15 pages, phyzzx (Note on Bondi mass added to end of paper)
Additional file 1 of Impact of Oncotype DX testing on ER+ breast cancer treatment and survival in the first decade of use
Creators: name: Schaafsma, Evelien
name: Zhang, Baoyi
name: Schaafsma, Merit
name: Tong, Chun-Yip
name: Zhang, Lanjing
name: Cheng, Chao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figures. Two supplementary figures.
A Complete Census of Luminous Stellar Variability on Day to Decade Timescales
Creators: name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Strader, Jay
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: Dolphin, Andrew E.
name: Weisz, Daniel R.
name: Murphy, Jeremiah W.
name: Dotter, Aaron
name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
name: Cargile, Phillip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar photometric variability offers a novel probe of the interior structure and evolutionary state of stars. Here we present a census of stellar variability on day to decade timescales across the color-magnitude diagram for 73,000 stars brighter than $M_I$=-5 in the Whirlpool Galaxy (M51). Our Cycle 24 HST program acquired V and I-band images over 34 epochs spanning one year with pseudo-random cadences enabling sensitivity to periods from days to months. We supplement these data with archival V and I-band HST data obtained in 1995 and 2005 providing sensitivity to variability on decade timescales. At least 50% of stars brighter than $M_I$=-7 show strong evidence for variability within our Cycle 24 data; among stars with V-I>2 the variability fraction rises to ~100%. Large amplitude variability (>0.3 mag) on decade timescales is restricted to red supergiants and very luminous blue stars. Both populations display fairly smooth variability on month-year timescales. The Cepheid instability strip is clearly visible in our data, although the variability fraction within this region never exceeds ~10%. The location of variable stars across the color magnitude diagram broadly agrees with theoretical sources of variability, including the instability strip, red supergiant pulsational instabilities, long-period fundamental mode pulsations, and radiation-dominated envelopes in massive stars. Our data can be used to place stringent constraints on the precise onset of these various instabilities and their lifetimes and growth rates.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures (plus an Appendix), accepted to ApJ
The minimum error probability of quantum illumination
Creators: name: De Palma, Giacomo
name: Borregaard, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum illumination is a technique for detecting the presence of a target in a noisy environment by means of a quantum probe. We prove that the two-mode squeezed vacuum state is the optimal probe for quantum illumination in the scenario of asymmetric discrimination, where the goal is to minimize the decay rate of the probability of a false positive with a given probability of a false negative. Quantum illumination with two-mode squeezed vacuum states offers a 6 dB advantage in the error probability exponent compared to illumination with coherent states. Whether more advanced quantum illumination strategies may offer further improvements had been a longstanding open question. Our fundamental result proves that nothing can be gained by considering more exotic quantum states, such as e.g. multi-mode entangled states. Our proof is based on a new fundamental entropic inequality for the noisy quantum Gaussian attenuators. We also prove that without access to a quantum memory, the optimal probes for quantum illumination are the coherent states.
Capsule Based Aerosol Generation – test article conservation during the conduct of in vivo lead optimisation respiratory safety assessment studies
Creators: name: Moore, Simon
name: Goodway, Roger
name: Cracknell, Stuart
name: Paul, Graham
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: In both clinical and non-clinical settings, inhaled administration of drug substances to conscious subjects will typically require larger quantities of test article than any other routes of administration. This difference is greatest for dry powder formulations in which charge and 'proximity-related' effects are most pronounced. However, inefficiencies in the aerosol generation device and depletion of airborne particulates (e.g. sedimentation and impaction) in the delivery system are also contributory factors. Minimizing such losses, particularly when conducting in vivo lead optimisation studies in rodents, provides a means of decreasing the amount of test article requirement (and thus time and cost of synthesis) and thus enables the conduct of investigations utilising the inhaled route earlier in a development programme.

Over the last three years (2009-2012) GSK and HLS have successfully collaborated to identify alternative aerosol generation methods to minimise powder usage for inhaled delivery to conscious non-clinical species. The principle alternative delivery methodology, intratrachael insufflation, achieves particulate deposition dissimilar to conscious inhaled delivery and can produce artefactual toxicological and pharmacological results.

Results of work conducted by HLS and GSK to characterise and redesign a capsule-based aerosol generator are presented. If further work is successfully concluded, the instrument should facilitate the use of the inhaled route in earlier in vivo lead optimisation studies, so increasing the quality of candidate drugs and reducing compound attrition precipitated by findings in later, resource intensive in vivo studies.
Importância da Formação do Instrutor no Processo de Aprendizagem
Creators: name: Norte, Gustavo
Publisher: name: Revista da Sociedade Portuguesa de Anestesiologia
Year: 2024

description: Importância da Formação do Instrutor no Processo de Aprendizagem
description: Revista da Sociedade Portuguesa de Anestesiologia, Vol. 31 N.º 4 (2022): Suplemento 2 da Revista da Sociedade Portuguesa de Anestesiologia
Head-out Plethysmography and Estimation of Inhaled Doses in Rats
Creators: name: Paul, Graham
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Non-clinical studies often report ‘doses’ calculated using an equation to estimate respired minute volume (RMV) from bodyweight, which may overlook habituation of animals to procedures. The influence of bodyweight development and procedural conditioning on the breath frequency (BF) and minute volume (MV) of rats was investigated over a 28-day treatment period (1-hour snout-only inhalation exposure). Rats were allowed to settle in restraint tubes for 15 minutes before aerosol administration; BF and MV were measured using head-out plethysmography.

A reduction in mean BF and MV was evident during the 15‑minute settling period. Animals appeared to take longer to settle when diaphragms used for maintaining a neck-seal during head-out plethysmography were omitted from restraint tubes for preceding days of aerosol administration.

Measured MV was more variable than corresponding bodyweight-derived estimates, especially for Day 1 of treatment (first exposure) or following several days of treatment when diaphragms were omitted during restraint. Omission of diaphragms for a prolonged period also resulted in lower MVs, relative to bodyweight-derived estimates. Parity of these parameters, and hence dose estimates, was achieved after three days of reintroducing the diaphragms.

Results suggest a desire to minimize the degree of restraint applied to animals during inhalation exposures between days of lung function measurement needs to be weighed against a potential impact on parameters and the need for reconditioning animals.
Influence of Aerosol Presentation on Lung Pathology Changes Induced in Rats
Creators: name: Paul, Graham
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Many inhaled drugs are developed as crystalline dry powder formulations for prolonged stability and to improve clinical control of drug delivery. Pre-clinical development of inhaled drugs consumes large masses of material, relative to other dose routes. Surrogate formulations or administration routes are sometimes proposed to expedite evaluation (first time) in humans. Such strategies defer the discharging of liabilities such as altered PK/PD or tolerability of the final (particulate) formulation until later in development.

Male rats were administered GSK258899B by snout-only inhalation exposure for 28 consecutive days. The drug was presented as micronised crystals or amorphous powder blended in lactose (≤15 mg/kg/day) or as a nebulised solution (1 mg/kg/day; limited by solubility) in 3% (v/v) Solutol HS15 in 0.9% (w/v) aqueous sodium chloride.

Dose dependent increases in severity and incidence of multifocal foamy macrophage aggregates were evident in rats administered all forms of GSK258899B, with changes in animals exposed to the crystalline aerosol form being most pronounced. This was associated with inflammatory changes characterised by minimal interstitial mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration at amorphous doses of ≥1 mg/kg/day, and foamy macrophage degeneration/necrosis and intra-alveolar neutrophils (minimal), interstitial mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration (mild to marked), and increased cellularity and enlargement of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (minimal or mild) at the crystalline dose of 15 mg/kg/day.

Changes for all aerosol forms at 1 mg/kg/day were considered non-adverse. The crystalline form of GSK258899B was persistent in lung tissue and produced more severe lung changes at 15 mg/kg/day compared to the amorphous powder. Nonetheless, the changes were considered adverse for both aerosol forms at this dose and the NOAEL was not affected by changing the aerosol form.
MPEC 2024-D97 : COMET C/2024 C3 (PANSTARRS)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: COMET C/2024 C3 (PANSTARRS)

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Single artificial-atom lasing
Creators: name: Astafiev, O.
name: Inomata, K.
name: Niskanen, A. O.
name: Yamamoto, T.
name: Pashkin, Yu. A.
name: Nakamura, Y.
name: Tsai, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid-state superconducting circuits are versatile systems in which quantum states can be engineered and controlled. Recent progress in this area has opened up exciting possibilities for exploring fundamental physics as well as applications in quantum information technology; in a series of experiments it was shown that such circuits can be exploited to generate quantum optical phenomena, by designing superconducting elements as artificial atoms that are coupled coherently to the photon field of a resonator. Here we demonstrate a lasing effect with a single artificial atom - a Josephson-junction charge qubit - embedded in a superconducting resonator. We make use of one of the properties of solid-state artificial atoms, namely that they are strongly and controllably coupled to the resonator modes. The device is essentially different from existing lasers and masers; one and the same artificial atom excited by current injection produces many photons.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
On The Importance of Understanding Biointeractions of Nanomaterials with the Immune System
Creators: name: Simberg D
name: Tsigelny I
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: In this brief editorial we would like to express our opinion on one of the most urgent problems in the field of nanomedicine. A recent review by Weissleder and colleagues nicely summarized this problem in the following paragraph: “Reviewing recent literature reveals a disequilibrium: an exponentially growing number of papers describe the synthesis of new nanomaterials, but relatively few manuscripts comprehensively investigate the biological behavior and/or advantages over existing materials. We clearly need more of the latter. Indeed, an argument could be made that all new nanomaterials should be accompanied by more comprehensive biological profiling, including cytometry analysis of cell distribution and other biological assays”.
Interactions, star formation and AGN activity
Creators: name: Li, Cheng
name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Heckman, Timothy M.
name: White, Simon D. M.
name: Jing, Y. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has long been known that galaxy interactions are associated with enhanced star formation. In a companion paper, we explored this connection by applying a variety of statistics to SDSS data. In particular, we showed that specific star formation rates of galaxies are higher if they have close neighbours. Here we apply exactly the same techniques to AGN in the survey, showing that close neighbours are not associated with any similar enhancement of nuclear activity. Star formation is enhanced in AGN with close neighbours in exactly the same way as in inactive galaxies, but the accretion rate onto the black hole, as estimated from the extinction-corrected [O III] luminosity, is not influenced by the presence or absence of companions. Previous work has shown that galaxies with more strongly accreting black holes contain more young stars in their inner regions. This leads us to conclude that star formation induced by a close companion and star formation associated with black hole accretion are distinct events. These events may be part of the same physical process, for example a merger, provided they are separated in time. In this case, accretion onto the black hole and its associated star formation would occur only after the two interacting galaxies have merged. The major caveat in this work is our assumption that the extinction-corrected [O III] luminosity is a robust indicator of the bolometric luminosity of the central black hole. It is thus important to check our results using indicators of AGN activity at other wavelengths.
description: v1: 10 pages, 9 figures, submitted for publication in Monthly Notices; v2: accepted, minor changes in summary and reference list updated
Educação Interprofissional Aprimorada por Simulação: Ganhos Percebidos pelos Formandos
Creators: name: Norte, Gustavo
Publisher: name: Revista da Sociedade Portuguesa de Anestesiologia
Year: 2024

description: Educação Interprofissional Aprimorada por Simulação: Ganhos Percebidos pelos Formandos
description: Revista da Sociedade Portuguesa de Anestesiologia, Vol. 31 N.º 4 (2022): Suplemento 2 da Revista da Sociedade Portuguesa de Anestesiologia
Gravitation \& Cosmology in $(1+1)$-dimensional Dilaton Gravity
Creators: name: Mann, R. B.
name: Ross, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of a string-inspired two-dimensional theory of gravity are studied. The post-Newtonian and weak-field approximations, `stellar' structure and cosmological solutions of this theory are developed. Some qualitative similarities to general relativity are found, but there are important differences.
description: 19 pgs., WATPHYS TH-92/02
3D Meteoroid Trajectories
Creators: name: Sansom, Eleanor K.
name: Jansen-Sturgeon, Trent
name: Rutten, Mark G.
name: Bland, Phil A.
name: Devillepoix, Hadrien A. R.
name: Howie, Robert M.
name: Cox, Morgan A.
name: Towner, Martin C.
name: Cupak, Martin
name: Hartig, Benjamin A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Meteoroid modelling of fireball data typically uses a one dimensional model along a straight line triangulated trajectory. The assumption of a straight line trajectory has been considered an acceptable simplification for fireballs, but it has not been rigorously tested. The unique capability of the Desert Fireball Network (DFN) to triangulate discrete observation times gives the opportunity to investigate the deviation of a meteoroid's position to different model fits. Here we assess the viability of a straight line assumption for fireball data in two meteorite-dropping test cases observed by the Desert Fireball Network (DFN) in Australia -- one over 21 seconds (\textit{DN151212\_03}), one under 5 seconds (\textit{DN160410\_03}). We show that a straight line is not valid for these two meteorite dropping events and propose a three dimensional particle filter to model meteoroid positions without any straight line constraints. The single body equations in three dimensions, along with the luminosity equation, are applied to the particle filter methodology described by \citet{Sansom2017}. Modelling fireball camera network data in three dimensions has not previously been attempted. This allows the raw astrometric, line-of-sight observations to be incorporated directly. In analysing these two DFN events, the triangulated positions based on a straight line assumption result in the modelled meteoroid positions diverging up to $3.09\, km$ from the calculated observed point (for \textit{DN151212\_03}). Even for the more typical fireball event, \textit{DN160410\_03}, we see a divergence of up to $360$\,m. As DFN observations are typically precise to $<100$\,m, it is apparent that the assumption of a straight line is an oversimplification that will affect orbit calculations and meteorite search regions for a significant fraction of events.
title: Diagnostik, Klassifikation und Therapie von Stammskelettfrakturen bei verminderter Knochenqualität
Creators: name: Ullrich, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Knochenqualität
subject: Stammskelett
subject: 610

description: Wie Wirbelsäule als zentrales Achsenorgan ist mit widersprüchlichen Funktionen belegt. Einerseits wird von ihm Stabilität für die Aufrechterhaltung des Rumpfes und Protektion der im Spinalkanal liegenden Strukturen geleistet. Andererseits ist die Wirbelsäule ein dynamisches Organ, welches die Beweglichkeit des Rumpfes ermöglicht. Dies wird durch eine Kombination aus passiven (Knochen), passiv-aktiven (Bandscheiben und Ligamenten) und aktiven (Muskulatur) Strukturen ermöglicht. Das Sakrum, das einerseits den hinteren Beckenring schließt, bildet auf der anderen Seite das Fundament, auf dem die Wirbelsäule steht. Die Verbindung besteht aus einem typischen Wirbelsäulensegment mit Bandscheibe, Facettengelenken und der überspannenden monosegmentalen Muskulatur und aus ligamentären, faszialen und muskulären Verbindungen von der Wirbelsäule auf das Sakrum und das Os Ilium. Das Sakrum beinhaltet wie die Wirbelsäule neurale Strukturen, die durch den Knochen mechanisch geschützt werden. Die dynamische Balancierung des Sakrums ist im Zusammenhang mit der Körperhaltung (Sitzen, Liegen oder Stehen) zu sehen. Funktionsstörungen der Hüftgelenke und auch Veränderungen der Wirbelsäulenform haben Einfluss auf die Stellung des Sakrums. Aufgrund dieser engen anatomischen und funktionellen Beziehungen scheint eine gemeinsame Betrachtung von Sakrum und hinterem Beckenring und der thorakolumbalen Wirbelsäule als Stammskelett sinnvoll. Verletzungen der Wirbelsäule und Behandlungsansätze sind bereits im Altertum beschrieben. Die Fälle 30-33 des Edwin Smith Papyrus behandeln Wirbelsäulenverletzungen. Besonders interessant ist daran, dass in jedem Fall nach der Untersuchung des Verletzten die Frage erörtert wird, ob die Erkrankung behandelt werden kann, oder nicht. Die im Fall 30 beschriebene Verstauchung der Halswirbelsäule kann behandelt werden und es werden konkrete Behandlungen vorgeschrieben. Die im Fall 33 beschriebene traumatische Tetraplegie wird als nicht behandelbare Erkrankung eingeordnet. Dies zeigt, dass bereits im Altertum Erkrankungen in Schweregrade eingeteilt wurden und die Therapie sich daran ausrichtete [1].
Initial Data Release from the INT Photometric H-alpha Survey of the Northern Galactic Plane (IPHAS)
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Solares, E. A.
name: Walton, N. A.
name: Greimel, R.
name: Drew, J. E.
name: Irwin, M. J.
name: Sale, S. E.
name: Andrews, K.
name: Aungwerojwit, A.
name: Barlow, M. J.
name: Besselaar, E. van den
name: Corradi, R. L. M.
name: Gaensicke, B. T.
name: Groot, P. J.
name: Hales, A. S.
name: Hopewell, E. C.
name: Hu, H.
name: Irwin, J.
name: Knigge, C.
name: Lagadec, E.
name: Leisy, P.
name: Lewis, J. R.
name: Mampaso, A.
name: Matsuura, M.
name: Moont, B.
name: Morales-Rueda, L.
name: Morris, R. A. H.
name: Naylor, T.
name: Parker, Q. A.
name: Prema, P.
name: Pyrzas, S.
name: Rixon, G. T.
name: Rodriguez-Gil, P.
name: Roelofs, G.
name: Sabin, L.
name: Skillen, I.
name: Suso, J.
name: Tata, R.
name: Viironen, K.
name: Vink, J. S.
name: Witham, A.
name: Wright, N. J.
name: Zijlstra, A. A.
name: Zurita, A.
name: Drake, J.
name: Fabregat, J.
name: Lennon, D. J.
name: Lucas, P. W.
name: Martin, E. L.
name: Steeghs, D.
name: Unruh, Y. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The INT/WFC Photometric H-alpha Survey of the Northern Galactic Plane (IPHAS) is an imaging survey being carried out in H-alpha, r' and i' filters, with the Wide Field Camera (WFC) on the 2.5-metre Isaac Newton Telescope (INT) to a depth of r'=20 (10 sigma). The survey is aimed at revealing large scale structure in our local galaxy, and also the properties of key early and late populations making up the Milky Way. Mapping emission line objects enables a particular focus on objects in the young and old stages of stellar evolution ranging from early T-Tauri stars to late planetary nebulae. In this paper we present the IPHAS Initial Data Release, primarily a photometric catalogue of about 200 million unique objects, coupled with associated image data covering about 1600 square degrees in three passbands. We note how access to the primary data products has been implemented through use of standard virtual observatory publishing interfaces. Simple traditional web access is provided to the main IPHAS photometric catalogue, in addition to a number of common catalogues (such as 2MASS) which are of immediate relevance. Access through the AstroGrid VO Desktop opens up the full range of analysis options, and allows full integration with the wider range of data and services available through the Virtual Observatory. The IDR represents the largest dataset published primarily through VO interfaces to date, and so stands as an examplar of the future of survey data mining. Examples of data access are given, including a cross-matching of IPHAS photometry with sources in the UKIDSS Galactic Plane Survey that validates the existing calibration of the best data.
description: 17 pages, 23 figures, MNRAS in press. Version with full-resolution figures can be found at http://casu.ast.cam.ac.uk/surveys-projects/iphas
Nature of the chiral phase transition of two flavour QCD from imaginary chemical potential with HISQ fermions
Creators: name: Wu, Liang-Kai
name: Zhang, Fa-Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the thermal phase transition of two flavor QCD in the chiral limit has an important implication for the QCD phase diagram. We carry out lattice QCD simulations in an attempt to address this problem. Simulations are conducted with a Symanzik-improved gauge action and the HISQ fermion action. Within the imaginary chemical potential formulation, five different quark masses, $am=0.020,\, 0.018, \, 0.015, \, 0.013,\, 0.010$, and four different lattice volumes $N_s=8, \, 12,\, 16, \, 20$ with temporal extent $N_t=4$ are used to explore the scaling behavior. At each of the quark masses, the Binder cumulants of the chiral condensate on different lattice volumes approximately intersect at one point. We find that at the intersection point, the Binder cumulant $B_4(am,aμ_c) $ is around $3$ which deviates from the $Z(2)$ universality class value 1.604. However, based on the expectations of $Z(2)$ criticality, the fitting result only with the data from the largest lattice volume $N_s=20$ agrees well with earlier result [ Phys. Rev., D90, 074030(2014) ]\cite{Bonati:2014kpa}. This fact implies that, although the finite cut-off effects could be reduced with HISQ fermions even on $N_t=4$ lattices, larger lattices with spatial extent $N_s>=20$ for such studies are needed to control finite volume effects.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures; 8 pages, 8 figures
On the Emery-Kivelson Solution of the two channel Kondo problem
Creators: name: Sengupta, Anirvan M.
name: Georges, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the two channel Kondo model in the Emery-Kivelson approach, and calculate the total susceptibility enhancement due to the impurity $χ_{imp}=χ-χ_{bulk}$. We find that $χ_{imp}$ exactly vanishes at the solvable point, in a completely analogous way to the singular part of the specific heat $C_{imp}$. A perturbative calculation around the solvable point yields the generic behaviour $χ_{imp} \sim \log {1 \over T}$, $C_{imp} \sim T\log T $ and the known universal value of the Wilson ratio $R_W={8 \over 3}$. From this calculation, the Kondo temperature can be identified and is found to behave as the inverse-square of the perturbation parameter. The small field, zero-temperature behaviour $χ_{imp}\sim log {1 \over h}$ is also recovered.
description: 7 pages, REVTEX, 1 figure available on request, LPTENS preprint 93/46
What Powered the Optical Transient AT2017gfo Associated with GW170817?
Creators: name: Li, Shao-Ze
name: Liu, Liang-Duan
name: Yu, Yun-Wei
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The groundbreaking discovery of the optical transient AT2017gfo associated with GW170817 opens a unique opportunity to study the physics of double neutron star (NS) mergers. We argue that the standard interpretation of AT2017gfo as being powered by radioactive decays of r-process elements faces the challenge of simultaneously accounting for the peak luminosity and peak time of the event, as it is not easy to achieve the required high mass, and especially the low opacity of the ejecta required to fit the data. A plausible solution would be to invoke an additional energy source, which is probably provided by the merger product. We consider energy injection from two types of the merger products: (1) a post-merger black hole powered by fallback accretion; and (2) a long-lived NS remnant. The former case can only account for the early emission of AT2017gfo, with the late emission still powered by radioactive decay. In the latter case, both early- and late-emission components can be well interpreted as due to energy injection from a spinning-down NS, with the required mass and opacity of the ejecta components well consistent with known numerical simulation results. We suggest that there is a strong indication that the merger product of GW170817 is a long-lived (supramassive or even permanently stable), low magnetic field NS. The result provides a stringent constraint on the equations of state of NSs.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; published by ApJL
On String Field Theory and Effective Actions
Creators: name: Giveon, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A truncation of string field theory is compared with the duality invariant effective action of $D=4, N=4$ heterotic strings to cubic order. The three string vertex must satisfy a set of compatibility conditions. Any cyclic three string vertex is compatible with the $D=4, N=4$ effective field theory. The effective actions may be useful in understanding the non--polynomial structure and the underlying symmetry of covariant closed string field theory, and in addressing issues of background independence. We also discuss the effective action and string field theory of the $N=2$ string.
description: 33 pages, IASSNS-HEP-92/33
Carbon Nanofibers from Electrospinning – A Promising Electrode Material for Energy Storage and Conversion
Creators: name: L, Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Innovative energy conversion and storage systems, e.g. rechargeable lithium ion batteries (LIBs), supercapacitors, solar cells, and fuel cells, are urgently demanded to meet increasing energy needs of modern society to fulfill newly emerging electric applications such as portable electronics, electric vehicles, and industrial power management [1]. The performance of these devices depends predominantly on the properties of their electrode materials. Carbon/graphite has been widely employed as electrode material because of its good chemical stability, thermal stability, and electrical conductivity. With recently widespread interest in nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes have been extensively used as component for both anode and cathode materials in energy conversion and storage systems because they possess not only common advantages of carbon but also high specific surface area and better charge transport properties [2,3]. However, carbon nanotubes often require delicate purification process to remove residue metal catalyst, which may have significant adverse effect on their electrochemical performance.
Domain Wall and Three Dimensional Duality
Creators: name: Eto, Minoru
name: Fujimori, Toshiaki
name: Nitta, Muneto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss 1/2 BPS domain walls in the 3d $\mathcal N=4$ supersymmetric gauge theory which is self-dual under the 3d mirror symmetry. We find that if a BF-type coupling is introduced, invariance of the BPS domain wall under the duality transformation can be explicitly seen from the classical BPS equations. It has been known that particles and vortices are swapped under the 3d duality transformations. We show that Noether charges and vortex topological charges localized on the domain walls are correctly exchanged under the 3d mirror symmetry.
description: Published version (References added)
Partitioning 3-homogeneous latin bitrades
Creators: name: Hamalainen, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B15

description: A latin bitrade $(T^{\diamond}, T^{\otimes})$ is a pair of partial latin squares which defines the difference between two arbitrary latin squares $L^{\diamond} \supseteq T^{\diamond}$ and $L^{\diamond} \supseteq T^{\otimes}$ of the same order. A 3-homogeneous bitrade $(T^{\diamond}, T^{\otimes})$ has three entries in each row, three entries in each column, and each symbol appears three times in $T^{\diamond}$. Cavenagh (2006) showed that any 3-homogeneous bitrade may be partitioned into three transversals. In this paper we provide an independent proof of Cavenagh's result using geometric methods. In doing so we provide a framework for studying bitrades as tessellations of spherical, euclidean or hyperbolic space.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, fixed the figures. Geometriae Dedicata, Accepted: 13 February 2008, Published online: 5 March 2008
Optically Controlled Stochastic Jumps of Individual Gold Nanorod Rotary Motors
Creators: name: Shao, Lei
name: Andrén, Daniel
name: Jones, Steven
name: Johansson, Peter
name: Käll, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brownian microparticles diffusing in optical potential energy landscapes constitute a generic testbed for nonequilibrium statistical thermodynamics and has been used to emulate a wide variety of physical systems, ranging from Josephson junctions to Stirling engines. Here we demonstrate that it is possible to scale down this approach to nanometric length-scales by constructing a tilted washboard potential for the rotation of plasmonic gold nanorods. The potential depth and tilt can be precisely adjusted by modulating the light polarization. This allows for a gradual transition from continuous rotation to discrete stochastic jumps, which are found to follow Kramers dynamics in excellent agreement with stochastic simulations. The results widen the possibilities for fundamental experiments in statistical physics and provide new insights in how to construct light-driven nanomachines and multifunctional sensing elements.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
MACROSOMIA: MODERN ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM
Creators: name: Zakirova, Nodira
name: Abdullaeva, Nigora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Improving methods for early diagnosis of macrosomia of non-diabetic origin may allow timely identification of pregnant women from high-risk groups to determine the optimal method of delivery, provision of appropriate medical care, which will help reduce the incidence of macrosomia, select the optimal method of delivery, reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality and maternal injuries.
Induced gravity on intersecting brane-worlds Part I: Maximally symmetric solutions
Creators: name: Corradini, Olindo
name: Koyama, Kazuya
name: Tasinato, Gianmassimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore models of intersecting brane-worlds with induced gravity terms on codimension one branes and on their intersection. Maximally symmetric solutions for the branes and the intersection are found. We find new self-accelerating solutions. In a 6d spacetime, the solutions realize the see-saw modification of gravity where the UV scale of the modification to 4d gravity is determined by 6d Planck scale given by $M_6 \sim 10^{-3}$eV and the IR scale of the modification is determined by $M_6^2/M_4 \sim H_0 \sim 10^{-42}$ GeV where $H_0$ is present-day Hubble scale. We find that it is increasingly difficult to construct phenomenologically viable models in higher-dimensional spacetime due to the necessity to have the lower value for the fundamental Planck scale to realize the late time acceleration. It is found that the system also admits self-tuning solutions where the tension at the intersection does not change the geometry of the intersection. The induced gravity terms can avoid the necessity to compactify the extra dimensions. Finally, we discuss the possibility to have ordinary matter at the intersection, without introducing any regularisation, using the induced gravity terms.
description: 16 pages, some mistakes in the identification of the higher codimensional singular structure corrected. Main results unchanged
Note Illustrative della Carta geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000, F. 547 Villacidro, Servizio Geologico d'Italia - ISPRA
Creators: name: Barca, S.
name: Melis, E.
name: Calzia, P.
name: Patta, E.D.
name: Rizzo, R.
name: Serri, R.
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: carta geologica, Villacidro, Regione Autonoma della Sardegna, CARG, stratigrafia, tettonica, sottosuolo, geological map, stratigraphy, tectonics, subsurface

description: Note illustrative redatte per il Foglio geologico n. 547 Villacidro della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000. 264 pp.
The 2-Dimensional Quantum Euclidean Algebra
Creators: name: Schupp, Peter
name: Watts, Paul
name: Zumino, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The algebra dual to Woronowicz's deformation of the 2-\-di\-men\-sion\-al Euclidean group is constructed. The same algebra is obtained from $SU_{q}(2)$ via contraction on both the group and algebra levels.
description: 8 pages, LBL-31711 and UCB-PTH-92/05
RETURN To an Order of the House for a Return giving the number of water records issued under the provisions of the "Water Clauses Consolidation Act, 1907," and as to whether any persons or companies are in default for record fees or rentals, the amount of same, and the names of any such persons or companies.
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2014

Abstract
Development and Evaluation of an Aqueous Polymeric Dispersion of Eudragit L 100-55 Using Emulsification Technology
Creators: name: Singh S
name: Mittal A
name: Gupta N
name: Chauhan N
name: S, Alam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Aqueous polymer dispersions (APD) are preferred on environmental and safety grounds. APD offer several advantages over polymers dissolved in organic solvents including lower spraying viscosities, higher solids loading, higher spray rates, no solvent environmental, toxicity, or flammability issues, and reduced energy requirements. The purpose of this work is to prepare and characterize an aqueous-based pseudolatex dispersion of Eudragit L100-55 using emulsification technology with superior stability. The prepared APD is evaluated on the basis of organoleptic, physical, chemical and in-vitro drug release performance. APD film is prepared by casting method and evaluated. Coating is done over Diclofenac sodium tablet and In vitro drug release profile of APD coated tablet and organic coated tablet is studied and shows better release in case of APD as compared to market formulation and organic coating.
Stabilizability and percolation in the infinite volume sandpile model
Creators: name: Fey, Anne
name: Meester, Ronald
name: Redig, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 60J25, 60G99 (Primary)

description: We study the sandpile model in infinite volume on $\mathbb{Z}^d$. In particular, we are interested in the question whether or not initial configurations, chosen according to a stationary measure $μ$, are $μ$-almost surely stabilizable. We prove that stabilizability does not depend on the particular procedure of stabilization we adopt. In $d=1$ and $μ$ a product measure with density $ρ=1$ (the known critical value for stabilizability in $d=1$) with a positive density of empty sites, we prove that $μ$ is not stabilizable. Furthermore, we study, for values of $ρ$ such that $μ$ is stabilizable, percolation of toppled sites. We find that for $ρ>0$ small enough, there is a subcritical regime where the distribution of a cluster of toppled sites has an exponential tail, as is the case in the subcritical regime for ordinary percolation.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOP415 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Self-sustaining star formation fronts in filaments during cosmic dawn
Creators: name: Wang, Xiawei
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new model for the ignition of star formation in low-mass halos by a self-sustaining shock front in cosmic filaments at high redshifts. The gaseous fuel for star formation resides in low mass halos which can not cool on their own due to their primordial composition and low virial temperatures. We show that star formation can be triggered in these filaments by a passing shock wave. The shells swept-up by the shock cool and fragment into cold clumps that form massive stars via thermal instability on a timescale shorter than the front's dynamical timescale. The shock, in turn, is self-sustained by energy injection from supernova explosions. The star formation front is analogous to a detonation wave, which drives exothermic reactions powering the shock. We find that sustained star formation would typically propel the front to a speed of $\sim 300-700\,\rm km\,s^{-1}$ during the epoch of reionization. Future observations by the $\textit{James Webb Space Telescope}$ could reveal the illuminated regions of cosmic filaments, and constrain the initial mass function of stars in them.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Pose Flow: Efficient Online Pose Tracking
Creators: name: Xiu, Yuliang
name: Li, Jiefeng
name: Wang, Haoyu
name: Fang, Yinghong
name: Lu, Cewu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-person articulated pose tracking in unconstrained videos is an important while challenging problem. In this paper, going along the road of top-down approaches, we propose a decent and efficient pose tracker based on pose flows. First, we design an online optimization framework to build the association of cross-frame poses and form pose flows (PF-Builder). Second, a novel pose flow non-maximum suppression (PF-NMS) is designed to robustly reduce redundant pose flows and re-link temporal disjoint ones. Extensive experiments show that our method significantly outperforms best-reported results on two standard Pose Tracking datasets by 13 mAP 25 MOTA and 6 mAP 3 MOTA respectively. Moreover, in the case of working on detected poses in individual frames, the extra computation of pose tracker is very minor, guaranteeing online 10FPS tracking. Our source codes are made publicly available(https://github.com/YuliangXiu/PoseFlow).
description: Our source codes and models are made publicly available at https://github.com/YuliangXiu/PoseFlow and https://github.com/MVIG-SJTU/AlphaPose