cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1910-03)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
On the Influence of Twitter Trolls during the 2016 US Presidential Election
Creators: name: Salamanos, Nikos
name: Jensen, Michael J.
name: Xinlei He
name: Chen, Yang
name: Sirivianos, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: It is a widely accepted fact that state–sponsored Twitter ac- counts operated during the 2016 US presidential election spreading millions of tweets with misinformation and inflam- matory political content. Whether these social media cam- paigns of the so–called “troll” accounts were able to manipulate public opinion is still in question. Here we aim to quantify the influence of troll accounts and the impact they had on Twitter by analyzing 152.5 million tweets from 9.9 million users, includ- ing 822 troll accounts. The data collected during the US elec- tion campaign, contain original troll tweets before they were deleted by Twitter. From these data, we constructed a very large interaction graph; a directed graph of 9.3 million nodes and 169.9 million edges. Recently, Twitter released datasets on the misinformation campaigns of 8,275 state–sponsored accounts linked to Russia, Iran and Venezuela as part of the investigation on the foreign interference in the 2016 US election. These data serve as ground–truth identifier of troll users in our dataset. Us- ing graph analysis techniques we qualify the diffusion cascades of web and media context that have been shared by the troll accounts. We present strong evidence that authentic users were the source of the viral cascades. Although the trolls were par- ticipating in the viral cascades, they did not have a leading role in them and only four troll accounts were truly influential.
Leggett-Garg test of macrorealism using indefinite causal order of measurements
Creators: name: Pan, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Macrorealism is a belief that constitutes the core of our perception of reality in the everyday world. The Leggett-Garg (LG) test is a conceptually elegant approach for probing the compatibility between the notion of macrorealism and quantum theory. However, a conclusive LG test hinges on how one fixes the operational invasiveness loophole, i.e., how the statistical form of non-invasive measurability assumption is guaranteed in an LG test. Despite many attempts to close this loophole, no consensus has been achieved yet. In this work, we propose a simple and elegant scheme based on indefinite causal order in quantum switch experiment, which enables us to close this loophole, and eventually, the LG test becomes a conclusive test of macrorealism.
Antiscreening of the Ampere force in QED and QCD plasmas
Creators: name: Brandt, Bastian B.
name: Francis, Anthony
name: Meyer, Harvey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The static forces between electric charges and currents are modified at the loop level by the presence of a plasma. While electric charges are screened, currents are not. The effective coupling constant at long distances is enhanced in both cases as compared to the vacuum, and by different amounts, a clear sign that Lorentz symmetry is broken. We investigate these effects quantitatively, first in a QED plasma and secondly using non-perturbative simulations of QCD with two light degenerate flavors of quarks.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Epileptogenic but MRI-normal perituberal tissue in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex contains tuber-specific abnormalities
Creators: name: Sosunov, Alexandre A.
name: McGovern III, Robert Allen
name: Mikell, Charles B.
name: Wu, Xiaoping
name: Coughlin, David G.
name: Crino, Peter B.
name: Weiner, Howard L.
name: Ghatan, Saadi
name: Goldman, James E.
name: McKhann II, Guy M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Tuberous sclerosis
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Introduction: Recent evidence has implicated perituberal, MRI-normal brain tissue as a possible source of seizures in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Data on aberrant structural features in this area that may predispose to the
initiation or progression of seizures are very limited. We used immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy to compare epileptogenic, perituberal, MRI-normal tissue with cortical tubers. Results: In every sample of epileptogenic, perituberal tissue, we found many abnormal cell types, including giant cells and cytomegalic neurons. The majority of giant cells were surrounded by morphologically abnormal astrocytes with long
processes typical of interlaminar astrocytes. Perituberal giant cells and astrocytes together formed characteristic “microtubers”. A parallel analysis of tubers showed that many contained astrocytes with features of both protoplasmic and gliotic cells. Conclusions: Microtubers represent a novel pathognomonic finding in TSC and may represent an elementary unit of
cortical tubers. Microtubers and cytomegalic neurons in perituberal parenchyma may serve as the source of seizures in TSC and provide potential targets for therapeutic and surgical interventions in TSC.
Finding Alternatives to the Dogma of Power Based Sample Size Calculation: Is a Fixed Sample Size Prospective Meta-Experiment a Potential Alternative?
Creators: name: Tavernier, Elsa
name: Trinquart, Ludovic
name: Giraudeau, Bruno
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Clinical trials
subject: Meta-analysis
subject: Epidemiology--Methodology
subject: Public health
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Sample sizes for randomized controlled trials are typically based on power calculations. They require us to specify values for parameters such as the treatment effect, which is often difficult because we lack sufficient prior information. The objective of this paper is to provide an alternative design which circumvents the need for sample size calculation. In a simulation study, we compared a meta-experiment approach to the classical approach to assess treatment efficacy. The meta-experiment approach involves use of meta-analyzed results from 3 randomized trials of fixed sample size, 100 subjects. The classical approach involves a single randomized trial with the sample size calculated on the basis of an a priori-formulated hypothesis. For the sample size calculation in the classical approach, we used observed articles to characterize errors made on the formulated hypothesis. A prospective meta-analysis of data from trials of fixed sample size provided the same precision, power and type I error rate, on average, as the classical approach. The meta-experiment approach may provide an alternative design which does not require a sample size calculation and addresses the essential need for study replication; results may have greater external validity.
Electromagnetic Reactions and Few-Nucleon Dynamics
Creators: name: Bacca, Sonia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an update on recent theoretical studies of electromagnetic reactions obtained by using the Lorentz integral transform method. The 4He nucleus will be the main focus of this report: results for the photo-disintegration and the electro-disintegration processes will be shown, as well as a recent calculation of polarizability effects in muonic atoms. We also discuss the exciting possibility to investigate inelastic reactions for medium-mass nuclei in coupled-cluster theory, highlighted by the recent application to the 16O photo-nuclear cross section.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of the International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC), 2-7 June 2013, Firenze, Italy
Device-independent self-testing of unsharp measurements
Creators: name: Roy, Prabuddha
name: Pan, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semi-device-independent certification of an unsharp instrument has recently been demonstrated [New J. Phys. 21, 083034 (2019)] based on the sequential sharing of quantum advantages in a prepare-measure communication game by assuming the system to be qubit. In this work, we provide device-independent (DI) self-testing of the unsharp instrument through the quantum violation of two Bell inequalities where the devices are uncharacterized and the dimension of the system remains unspecified. We introduce an elegant sum-of-squares approach to derive the dimension-independent optimal quantum violation of Bell inequalities which plays a crucial role. Note that the standard Bell test cannot self-test the post-measurement states and consequently cannot self-test unsharp instrument. The sequential Bell test possess the potential to self-test an unsharp instrument. We demonstrate that there exists a trade-off between the maximum sequential quantum violations of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality, and they form an optimal pair that enables the DI self-testing of the entangled state, the observables, and the unsharpness parameter. Further, we extend our study to the case of elegant Bell inequality and we argue that it has two classical bounds - the local bound and the non-trivial preparation non-contextual bound, lower than the local bound. Based on the sharing of preparation contextuality by three independent sequential observers, we demonstrate the DI self-testing of two unsharpness parameters. Since an actual experimental scenario involves losses and imperfection, we demonstrate robustness of our certification to noise.
Temperature, ozone, and mortality in urban and non-urban counties in the northeastern United States
Creators: name: Madrigano, Jaime
name: Jack, Darby W.
name: Anderson, G. Brooke
name: Bell, Michelle L.
name: Kinney, Patrick L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Environmental impact analysis
Environmental health

description: Background: Most health effects studies of ozone and temperature have been performed in urban areas, due to the available monitoring data. We used observed and interpolated data to examine temperature, ozone, and mortality in 91 urban and non-urban counties. Methods: Ozone measurements were extracted from the Environmental Protection Agency's Air Quality System. Meteorological data were supplied by the National Center for Atmospheric Research. Observed data were spatially interpolated to county centroids. Daily internal-cause mortality counts were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics (1988-1999). A two-stage Bayesian hierarchical model was used to estimate each county's increase in mortality risk from temperature and ozone. We examined county-level associations according to population density and compared urban (⩾1,000 persons/mile2) to non-urban (<1,000 persons/mile2) counties. Finally, we examined county-level characteristics that could explain variation in associations by county. Results: A 10 ppb increase in ozone was associated with a 0.45% increase in mortality (95% PI: 0.08, 0.83) in urban counties, while this same increase in ozone was associated with a 0.73% increase (95% PI: 0.19, 1.26) in non-urban counties. An increase in temperature from 70°F to 90°F (21.2°C 32.2°C) was associated with a 8.88% increase in mortality (95% PI: 7.38, 10.41) in urban counties and a 8.08% increase (95% PI: 6.16, 10.05) in nonurban counties. County characteristics, such as population density, percentage of families living in poverty, and percentage of elderly residents, partially explained the variation in county-level associations. Conclusions: While most prior studies of ozone and temperature have been performed in urban areas, the impacts in non-urban areas are significant, and, for ozone, potentially greater. The health risks of increasing temperature and air pollution brought on by climate change are not limited to urban areas.
Project Gel a Randomized Rectal Microbicide Safety and Acceptability Study in Young Men and Transgender Women
Creators: name: McGowan, Ian
name: Cranston, Ross D.
name: Mayer, Kenneth H.
name: Febo, Irma
name: Duffill, Kathryn
name: Siegel, Aaron
name: Engstrom, Jarret C.
name: Nikiforov, Alexyi
name: Park, Seo-Young
name: Brand, Rhonda M.
name: Jacobson, Cindy
name: Giguere, Rebecca
name: Dolezal, Curtis L.
name: Frasca, Timothy Joel
name: Leu, Cheng Shiun
name: Schwartz, Jill L.
name: Carballo-Dieguez, Alex
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: HIV infections—Prevention
Transgender people
Gay men--Sexual behavior
Public health
Medical sciences

description: Objectives

The purpose of Project Gel was to determine the safety and acceptability of rectal microbicides in young men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) at risk of HIV infection.

Methods

MSM and TGW aged 18–30 years were enrolled at three sites; Pittsburgh, PA; Boston, MA; and San Juan, PR. Stage 1A was a cross-sectional assessment of sexual health and behavior in MSM and TGW. A subset of participants from Stage 1A were then enrolled in Stage 1B, a 12-week evaluation of the safety and acceptability of a placebo rectal gel. This was followed by the final phase of the study (Stage 2) in which a subset of participants from Stage 1B were enrolled into a Phase 1 rectal safety and acceptability evaluation of tenofovir (TFV) 1% gel.

Results

248 participants were enrolled into Stage 1A. Participants’ average age was 23.3 years. The most common sexually transmitted infection (STIs) at baseline were Herpes simplex (HSV)-2 (16.1% by serology) and rectal Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) (10.1% by NAAT). 134 participants were enrolled into Stage 1B. During the 12 week period of follow-up 2 HIV, 5 rectal CT, and 5 rectal Neisseria gonorrhea infections were detected. The majority of adverse events (AEs) were infections (N = 56) or gastrointestinal (N = 46) and were mild (69.6%) or moderate (28.0%). Of the participants who completed Stage 1B, 24 were enrolled into Stage 2 and randomized (1:1) to receive TFV or placebo gel. All participants completed Stage 2. The majority of AEs were gastrointestinal (N = 10) and of mild (87.2%) or moderate (10.3%) severity.

Conclusions

In this study we were able to enroll a sexually active population of young MSM and TGW who were willing to use rectal microbicides. TFV gel was safe and acceptable and should be further developed as an alternative HIV prevention intervention for this population.
Ctenomys sericeus J. A. Allen 1903
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Ctenomyidae
Ctenomys
Ctenomys sericeus

description: Ctenomys sericeus J. A. Allen, 1903. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 19: 187. TYPE LOCALITY: Argentina, Santa Cruz Prov., Rio Chico. DISTRIBUTION: S. W. Argentina. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410027001023001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 585, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1911-02)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Sharing nonlocality in a network using the quantum violation of chain network inequality
Creators: name: Kumar, Rahul
name: Pan, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the quantum violation of suitable $n$-local inequality in a star network for arbitrary $m$ inputs, we demonstrate the sharing of nonlocality in the network. Such a network features an arbitrary $n$ number of independent sources, $n$ edge parties, and a central party. Each party receives arbitrary $m$ inputs. We consider two different types of sharing of nonlocality in the network. i) The symmetric case - when the sharing of nonlocality is considered across all edge parties. ii) The asymmetric case - when the sharing of nonlocality is considered across only one edge party. For simplicity, we first consider the bilocal scenario $(n=2)$ with three inputs $m=3$ and demonstrate that while in the symmetric case at most two sequential observers can share nonlocality, in the asymmetric case at most four sequential observers can share nonlocality. We extend the study to $n$-local scenario by assuming each party receives three inputs and show that in the symmetric case the result remains the same for any $n$, but in the asymmetrical case, an unbounded number of sequential observers can share nonlocality across one edge for a sufficiently large value of $n$. We further extend our result for arbitrary $m$ input in $n$-local scenario. We demonstrate that for $m\geq 4$, in the symmetric case at most one sequential observer can share nonlocality irrespective of the value of $n$. For the asymmetric case, we analytically show that there exists $n(k)$ for which an arbitrary $k$ number of sequential observers can share the nonlocality across one edge. The optimal quantum violation of $m$-input $n$-local inequality is derived through an elegant SOS approach without specifying the dimension of the quantum system.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2212.14325
Ctenomys steinbachi Thomas 1907
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Ctenomyidae
Ctenomys
Ctenomys steinbachi

description: Ctenomys steinbachi Thomas, 1907. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 20: 164. TYPE LOCALITY: Bolivia, Santa Cruz Dept., near Santa Cruz de la Sierra. DISTRIBUTION: Bolivia, east of the Andes. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410027001024001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 585, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
The Fossilized Birth-Death Process: A Coherent Model of Fossil Calibration for Divergence Time Estimation
Creators: name: Heath, Tracy A.
name: Huelsenbeck, John P.
name: Stadler, Tanja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Time-calibrated species phylogenies are critical for addressing a wide range of questions in evolutionary biology, such as those that elucidate historical biogeography or uncover patterns of coevolution and diversification. Because molecular sequence data are not informative on absolute time, external data, most commonly fossil age estimates, are required to calibrate estimates of species divergence dates. For Bayesian divergence-time methods, the common practice for calibration using fossil information involves placing arbitrarily chosen parametric distributions on internal nodes, often disregarding most of the information in the fossil record. We introduce the 'fossilized birth-death' (FBD) process, a model for calibrating divergence-time estimates in a Bayesian framework, explicitly acknowledging that extant species and fossils are part of the same macroevolutionary process. Under this model, absolute node age estimates are calibrated by a single diversification model and arbitrary calibration densities are not necessary. Moreover, the FBD model allows for inclusion of all available fossils. We performed analyses of simulated data and show that node-age estimation under the FBD model results in robust and accurate estimates of species divergence times with realistic measures of statistical uncertainty, overcoming major limitations of standard divergence time estimation methods. We then used this model to estimate the speciation times for a dataset composed of all living bears, indicating that the genus Ursus diversified in the late Miocene to mid Pliocene.
description: 42 total pages including: 29 text pages, 5 tables, and 12 figures. Work presented at Evolution 2013 (http://www.slideshare.net/trayc7/heath-evolution-2013)
The Influences of Drought and Land-Cover Conversion on Inter-Annual Variation of NPP in the Three-North Shelterbelt Program Zone of China Based on MODIS Data
Creators: name: Peng, Dailiang
name: Wu, Chaoyang
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Huete, Alfredo
name: Zhang, Xiaoyang
name: Sun, Rui
name: Lei, Liping
name: Huang, Wenjing
name: Liu, Liangyun
name: Liu, Xinjie
name: Li, Jun
name: Luo, Shezhou
name: Fang, Bin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Droughts
subject: Land cover
subject: MODIS (Spectroradiometer)
subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Environmental sciences

description: Terrestrial ecosystems greatly contribute to carbon (C) emission reduction targets through photosynthetic C uptake.Net primary production (NPP) represents the amount of atmospheric C fixed by plants and accumulated as biomass. The Three-North Shelterbelt Program (TNSP) zone accounts for more than 40% of China’s landmass. This zone has been the scene of several large-scale ecological restoration efforts since the late 1990s, and has witnessed significant changes in climate and human activities.Assessing the relative roles of different causal factors on NPP variability in TNSP zone is very important for establishing reasonable local policies to realize the emission reduction targets for central government. In this study, we examined the relative roles of drought and land cover conversion(LCC) on inter-annual changes of TNSP zone for 2001–2010. We applied integrated correlation and decomposition analyses to a Standardized Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and MODIS land cover dataset. Our results show that the 10-year average NPP within this region was about 420 Tg C. We found that about 60% of total annual NPP over the study area was significantly correlated with SPEI (p<0.05). The LCC-NPP relationship, which is especially evident for forests in the south-central area, indicates that ecological programs have a positive impact on C sequestration in the TNSP zone. Decomposition analysis generally indicated that the contributions of LCC, drought, and other Natural or Anthropogenic activities (ONA) to changes in NPP generally had a consistent distribution pattern for consecutive years. Drought and ONA contributed about 74% and 23% to the total changes in NPP, respectively, and the remaining 3% was attributed to LCC. Our results highlight the importance of rainfall supply on NPP variability in the TNSP zone.
Uniqueness of diffusion operators and capacity estimates
Creators: name: Robinson, Derek W
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B25, 47D07, 35J70

description: Let $Ω$ be a connected open subset of $\Ri^d$. We analyze $L_1$-uniqueness of real second-order partial differential operators $H=-\sum^d_{k,l=1}\partial_k\,c_{kl}\,\partial_l$ and $K=H+\sum^d_{k=1}c_k\,\partial_k+c_0$ on $Ω$ where $c_{kl}=c_{lk}\in W^{1,\infty}_{\rm loc}( Ω), c_k\in L_{\infty,{\rm loc}}(Ω)$, $c_0\in L_{2,{\rm loc}}(Ω)$ and $C(x)=(c_{kl}(x))>0$ for all $x\inΩ$. Boundedness properties of the coefficients are expressed indirectly in terms of the balls $B(r)$ associated with the Riemannian metric $C^{-1}$ and their Lebesgue measure $|B(r)|$. \noindent\hspace{10mm}First we establish that if the balls $B(r)$ are bounded, the Täcklind condition $\int^\infty_Rdr\,r(\log|B(r)|)^{-1}=\infty$ is satisfied for all large $R$ and $H$ is Markov unique then $H$ is $L_1$-unique. If, in addition, $C(x)\geq κ\, (c^{T}\!\otimes\, c)(x)$ for some $κ>0$ and almost all $x\inΩ$, $\divv c\in L_{\infty,{\rm loc}}(Ω)$ is upper semi-bounded and $c_0$ is lower semi-bounded then $K$ is also $L_1$-unique. \noindent\hspace{10mm}Secondly, if the $c_{kl}$ extend continuously to functions which are locally bounded on $\partialΩ$ and if the balls $B(r)$ are bounded we characterize Markov uniqueness of $H$ in terms of local capacity estimates and boundary capacity estimates. For example, $H$ is Markov unique if and only if for each bounded subset $A$ of $\overlineΩ$ there exist $η_n \in C_c^\infty(Ω)$ satisfying $\lim_{n\to\infty} \|\one_AΓ(η_n)\|_1 = 0$, where $Γ(η_n)=\sum^d_{k,l=1}c_{kl}\,(\partial_kη_n)\,(\partial_lη_n)$, and $\lim_{n\to\infty}\|\one_A (\one_Ω-η_n )\, φ\|_2 = 0$ for each $φ\in L_2(Ω)$ or if and only if $\capp(\partialΩ)=0$.
Development of a physics-informed neural networks model for subsurface flow problems
Creators: name: Yang, Mingyuan
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Deep learning
Two-phase flow in porous media
History matching
Uncertainty quantification

description: Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently been applied to a wide range of computational physics problems. In this work, we developed PINNs models to solve the subsurface flow and transport problems from multiple aspects. First, we focus on solving a dynamic fluid-flow subsurface problem with the hp-variational physics-informed neural networks (hp-VPINNs) approach. The idea is to train a neural networks representing the solution such that the underlying physical laws are honored and additional constraints are satisfied. It works for the case with the non-convex flux functions in the PDE, where the solution contains shocks and mixed waves. In addition, we investigated the inverse two-phase transport problem and solved for the nonlinear constitutive relation. Using sparse measurements as prior knowledge, the nonlinear constitutive relation was learned and the solution over the entire computational domain was accurately obtained. Next, we used PINNs to solve inverse two-phase flow problems in heterogeneous porous media where only sparse direct and indirect measurements are available. For inverse problems, the solutions are assumed to be known at scattered locations but some coefficients or variable functions in the PDEs are missing or incomplete. The numerical results show that the proposed method is able to recover the complete permeability field in a variety of problem settings. Moreover, we show that the method can be used to forecast the future dynamics with the same network architecture. Finally, we proposed a multi-output physics-informed neural network (MO-PINNs) which can provide solutions with uncertainty distributions for both forward and inverse PDE problems with noisy data. The posterior estimation of target parameters can be obtained at the end of training, which can be used for uncertainty quantification and decision making. MO-PINNs are demonstrated with a series of numerical experiments including both linear and nonlinear, forward and inverse problems. The results show that MO-PINNs are able to provide accurate predictions with noisy data.
Emergent Fermi surfaces, fractionalization and duality in supersymmetric QED
Creators: name: Hook, Anson
name: Kachru, Shamit
name: Torroba, Gonzalo
name: Wang, Huajia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the physics of 3d supersymmetric abelian gauge theories (with small supersymmetry breaking perturbations) at finite density. Using mirror symmetry, which provides a natural generalization of the duality between the XY model and the abelian Higgs model but now including fermionic fields, we see many dynamical phenomena conjectured to be of relevance in condensed matter systems. In particular, we find examples of the emergence of a Fermi surface at low energies from hybridization of fermions localized at magnetic defects at high energies, as well as fractionalization of charged fermions into spinon-holon pairs with the concomitant appearance of emergent gauge fields. We also find dual descriptions for Fermi surfaces coupled to critical bosons, which give rise to non-Fermi liquids.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures. v2: typos corrected and references added. Version to appear in JHEP
Device-independent certification of degeneracy-breaking measurements
Creators: name: Roy, Prabuddha
name: Mahato, Shyam Sundar
name: Mukherjee, Sumit
name: Pan, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a device-independent Bell test, the devices are considered to be black boxes and the dimension of the system remains unspecified. The dichotomic observables involved in such a Bell test can be degenerate and one may invoke a suitable measurement scheme to lift the degeneracy. However, the standard Bell test cannot account for whether or up to what extent the degeneracy is lifted, as the effect of lifting the degeneracy can only be reflected in the post-measurement states, which the standard Bell tests do not certify. In this work, we demonstrate the device-independent certification of degeneracy-breaking measurement based on the sequential Bell test by multiple observers who perform degeneracy-breaking unsharp measurements characterized by positive-operator-valued measures (POVMs) - the noisy variants of projectors. The optimal quantum violation of Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality by multiple sequential observers eventually enables us to certify up to what extent the degeneracy has been lifted. In particular, our protocol certifies the upper bound on the number of POVMs used for performing such measurements along with the entangled state and measurement observables. We use an elegant sum-of-squares approach that powers such certification of degeneracy-breaking measurements.
Exploring Io's atmospheric composition with APEX: first measurement of 34SO2 and tentative detection of KCl
Creators: name: Moullet, A.
name: Lellouch, E.
name: Moreno, R.
name: Gurwell, M.
name: Black, J.
name: Butler, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The composition of Io's tenuous atmosphere is poorly constrained. Only the major species SO2 and a handful of minor species have been positively identified, but a variety of other molecular species should be present, based on thermochemical equilibrium models of volcanic gas chemistry and the composition of Io's environment. This paper focuses on the spectral search for expected yet undetected molecular species (KCl, SiO, S2O) and isotopes (34SO2). We analyze a disk-averaged spectrum of a potentially line-rich spectral window around 345 GHz, obtained in 2010 at the APEX-12m antenna (Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment). Using different models assuming either extended atmospheric distributions or a purely volcanically-sustained atmosphere, we tentatively measure the KCl relative abundance with respect to SO2 and derive a range of 4x10^{-4}-8x10^{-3}. We do not detect SiO or S2O and present new upper limits on their abundances. We also present the first measurement of the 34S/32S isotopic ratio in gas phase on Io, which appears to be twice as high as the Earth and ISM reference values. Strong lines of SO2 and SO are also analyzed to check for longitudinal variations of column density and relative abundance. Our models show that, based on their predicted relative abundance with respect to SO2 in volcanic plumes, both the tentative KCl detection and SiO upper limit are compatible with a purely volcanic origin for these species.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 11 pages, 4 figures
Integrative epigenomic and genomic filtering for methylation markers in hepatocellular carcinomas
Creators: name: Shen, Jing
name: LeFave, Clare
name: Sirosh, Iryna
name: Siegel, Abby B.
name: Tycko, Benjamin
name: Santella, Regina M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: DNA--Methylation
subject: Liver--Cancer
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background: Epigenome-wide studies in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have identified numerous genes with aberrant DNA methylation. However, methods for triaging functional candidate genes as useful biomarkers for
epidemiological study have not yet been developed. Methods: We conducted targeted next-generation bisulfite sequencing (bis-seq) to investigate associations of DNA methylation and mRNA expression in HCC. Integrative analyses of epigenetic profiles with DNA copy number
analysis were used to pinpoint functional genes regulated mainly by altered DNA methylation. Results: Significant differences between HCC tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissue were observed for 28 bis-seq
amplicons, with methylation differences varying from 12% to 43%. Available mRNA expression data in Oncomine were evaluated. Two candidate genes (GRASP and TSPYL5) were significantly under-expressed in HCC tumors in comparison with precursor and normal liver tissues. The expression levels in tumor tissues were, respectively, 1.828 and − 0.148, significantly lower than those in both precursor and normal liver tissue. Validations in an additional 42 paired tissues showed consistent under-expression in tumor tissue for GRASP (−7.49) and TSPYL5 (−9.71). A highly consistent DNA hypermethylation and mRNA repression pattern was obtained for both GRASP (69%) and TSPYL5 (73%), suggesting that their biological function is regulated by DNA methylation. Another two genes (RGS17 and NR2E1) at Chr6q showed significantly decreased DNA methylation in tumors with loss of DNA copy number compared to those without, suggesting alternative roles of DNA
copy number losses and hypermethylation in the regulation of RGS17 and NR2E1. Conclusions: These results suggest that integrative analyses of epigenomic and genomic data provide an efficient way to filter functional biomarkers for future epidemiological studies in human cancers.
Health care access dimensions and cervical cancer screening in South Africa: analysis of the world health survey
Creators: name: Akinyemiju, Tomi F.
name: McDonald, Jasmine A.
name: Lantz, Paula M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Cervix uteri--Cancer
Public health

description: Background: Cervical cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer mortality among women in sub-Saharan Africa. Recent recommendations for cervical cancer primary prevention highlight HPV vaccination, and secondary prevention through screening. However, few studies have examined the different dimensions of health care access, and how these may influence screening behavior, especially in the context of clinical preventive services. Methods: Using the 2003 South Africa World Health Survey, we determined the prevalence of cervical cancer screening with pelvic examinations and/or pap smears among women ages 18 years and older. We also examined the association between multiple dimensions of health care access and screening focusing on the affordability, availability, accessibility, accommodation and acceptability components. Results: About 1 in 4 (25.3%, n = 65) of the women who attended a health care facility in the past year got screened for cervical cancer. Screened women had a significantly higher number of health care providers available compared with unscreened women (mean 125 vs.12, p-value <0.001), and were more likely to have seen a medical doctor compared with nurses/midwives (73.1% vs. 45.9%, p-value = 0.003). In multivariable analysis, every unit increase in the number of health care providers available increased the likelihood of screening by 1% (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.01). In addition, seeing a nurse/midwife compared to a medical doctor reduced the likelihood of screening by 87% (OR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.42). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that cost issues (affordability component) and other patient level factors (captured in the acceptability, accessibility and accommodation components) were less important predictors of screening compared with availability of physicians in this population. Meeting cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination goals will require significant investments in the health care workforce, improving health care worker density in poor and rural areas, and improved training of the existing workforce.
EOSC-hub: selected KERs, governance and sustainability strategies
Creators: name: Sergio, Andreozzi
name: Tiziana, Ferrari
name: Heikkurinen Matti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: EOSC-hub Key Exploitable Results

description: The presentation illustrates the EOSC-hub strategy for the sustainability of its key exploitable results
The Florida Minimum Wage: How Much Can It Really Buy, and How High Should It Be?
Creators: name: Hartig, Seth
name: Skinner, Curtis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Minimum wage
Minimum wage--U.S. states
Working poor
Working poor--Government policy
Poor families

description: In Florida and across the nation, there is much debate about the adequacy of the minimum wage. The federal minimum wage of $7.25 has not increased since July 2009, and has fallen by more than fifty cents in real terms since then. Adjusted for inflation, the current minimum wage is far below the federal minimum wage in effect from the late 1950s through the 1970s. Recognizing the inadequacy of the federal minimum wage, numerous states—including Florida—have set higher minimum wages for their residents. In the past year, Florida state legislators have advanced legislation or promoted ballot initiatives that would raise the state’s minimum wage, now set at $8.05. To help inform the policy debate, this brief advances three arguments for raising the Florida minimum wage. First, the current wage is not high enough to lift many families with working parents out of poverty. Because of this, parents in Florida working at the current minimum wage and with incomes below the poverty line cannot access federal healthcare subsidies under the Affordable Care Act, leaving them without affordable health insurance if they lack employer-provided coverage. Finally, the state minimum wage is also far too low to offset important work-related expenses such as child care, serving as a disincentive for a second parent in a two-parent family to increase his or her working hours.
Monte Carlo Simulation for Lasso-Type Problems by Estimator Augmentation
Creators: name: Zhou, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Regularized linear regression under the $\ell_1$ penalty, such as the Lasso, has been shown to be effective in variable selection and sparse modeling. The sampling distribution of an $\ell_1$-penalized estimator $\hatβ$ is hard to determine as the estimator is defined by an optimization problem that in general can only be solved numerically and many of its components may be exactly zero. Let $S$ be the subgradient of the $\ell_1$ norm of the coefficient vector $β$ evaluated at $\hatβ$. We find that the joint sampling distribution of $\hatβ$ and $S$, together called an augmented estimator, is much more tractable and has a closed-form density under a normal error distribution in both low-dimensional ($p\leq n$) and high-dimensional ($p>n$) settings. Given $β$ and the error variance $σ^2$, one may employ standard Monte Carlo methods, such as Markov chain Monte Carlo and importance sampling, to draw samples from the distribution of the augmented estimator and calculate expectations with respect to the sampling distribution of $\hatβ$. We develop a few concrete Monte Carlo algorithms and demonstrate with numerical examples that our approach may offer huge advantages and great flexibility in studying sampling distributions in $\ell_1$-penalized linear regression. We also establish nonasymptotic bounds on the difference between the true sampling distribution of $\hatβ$ and its estimator obtained by plugging in estimated parameters, which justifies the validity of Monte Carlo simulation from an estimated sampling distribution even when $p\gg n\to \infty$.
description: 43 pages, 4 figures
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1911-01)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
The missing voices : the support of college athletics academic services members
Creators: name: Crooks, Delando L.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: College athletics
Academic service members
Support
Burnout
Organizational pressure

description: College athletics has been a part of higher education for more than a century (Thelin, 1996, 2019) but has only formally incorporated Academic Service Members (ASMs) into athletic departments since 1991 (Meyer, 2005; Rubin, 2017). ASMs are athletic-academic counselors, student-athlete development coordinators, sports psychologists, and others responsible for the development and the well-being of student-athletes’ non-athletic responsibilities. While these ASMs are essential to the function of college athletics, they are minimally studied and observed in their roles because of the hypervisibility of student-athletes, coaches, and athletic directors (Burton & Peachey, 2014; Gerstner, 2017). Over the last five years, including the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been erratic burnout rates for ASMs, causing them to leave the field of college athletics altogether (Rubin, 2017; Rubin & Moreno-Pardo, 2018). This study aims to understand ASMs' experience and support in Division 1 college athletic departments. This study used observations, surveys, and semi-structured interviews to better understand ASM's experience and support. This study used frameworks in organization and education that found that ASMs' experiences were predicated by 1) the organizational structure of the athletic department and their office's fit in the department, 2) the culture and relationship within their office, sports teams, and other sub-departments, and 3) common identities among peer relationships along with difficulties experienced during complex current events.
Meta-analysis of marital dissolution and mortality: Reevaluating the intersection of gender and age
Creators: name: Shor, Eran
name: Roelfs, David J.
name: Bugyi, Paul
name: Schwartz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Divorced people
subject: Mortality
subject: Meta-analysis
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The study of marital dissolution (i.e. divorce and separation) and mortality has long been a major topic of interest for social scientists. We conducted meta-analyses and meta-regressions on 625 mortality risk estimates from 104 studies, published between 1955 and 2011, covering 24 countries, and providing data on more than 600 million persons. The mean hazard ratio (HR) for mortality in our meta-analysis was 1.30 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–1.37) among HRs adjusted for age and additional covariates. The mean HR was higher for men (HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.27–1.49) than for women (HR, 1.22; 95% CI: 1.13–1.32), but the difference between men and women decreases as the mean age increases. Other significant moderators of HR magnitude included sample size; being from Western Europe, Israel, the United Kingdom and former Commonwealth nations; and statistical adjustment for general health status.