cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Open Quantum Dynamics Theory of Spin Relaxation: Application to $μ$SR and Low-Field NMR Spectroscopies
Creators: name: Takahashi, Hideaki
name: Tanimura, Yoshitaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An open quantum system refers to a system, which is in turn coupled to an environment that can describe time irreversible dynamics through which the system evolves toward the thermal equilibrium state. We present a quantum mechanically rigorous theory in order to help an analysis of spectra obtained from the advanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and muon spin rotation, relaxation or resonance ($μ$SR) techniques. Our approach is based on the numerically "exact" hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) approach, which allows us to study the reduced system dynamics for non-perturbative and non-Markovian system-bath interactions at finite temperature even under strong time-dependent perturbations. We demonstrate the present theory to analyze $μ$SR and low-field NMR spectra, as an extension of the Kubo-Toyabe theory focusing on the effects of temperature and anisotropy of a local magnetic field, to help further the development of these experimental means.
description: 6 figures
Price Clustering and Discreteness: Is there Chaos behind the Noise?
Creators: name: Antoniou, Antonios
name: Vorlow, Constantinos E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We investigate the "compass rose" (Crack, T.F. and Ledoit, O. (1996), Journal of Finance, 51(2), pg. 751-762) patterns revealed in phase portraits (delay plots) of stock returns. The structures observed in these diagrams have been attributed mainly to price clustering and discreteness. Using wavelet based denoising, we examine the noise-free versions of a set of FTSE100 stock returns time series. We reveal evidence of non-periodic cyclical dynamics. As a second stage we apply Surrogate Data Analysis on the original and denoised stock returns. Our results suggest that there is a strong nonlinear and possibly deterministic signature in the data generating processes of the stock returns sequences.
description: 18 pages, 3 tables, 3 figures
Exploring the Design Space of Static and Incremental Graph Connectivity Algorithms on GPUs
Creators: name: Hong, Changwan
name: Dhulipala, Laxman
name: Shun, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Connected components and spanning forest are fundamental graph algorithms due to their use in many important applications, such as graph clustering and image segmentation. GPUs are an ideal platform for graph algorithms due to their high peak performance and memory bandwidth. While there exist several GPU connectivity algorithms in the literature, many design choices have not yet been explored. In this paper, we explore various design choices in GPU connectivity algorithms, including sampling, linking, and tree compression, for both the static as well as the incremental setting. Our various design choices lead to over 300 new GPU implementations of connectivity, many of which outperform state-of-the-art. We present an experimental evaluation, and show that we achieve an average speedup of 2.47x speedup over existing static algorithms. In the incremental setting, we achieve a throughput of up to 48.23 billion edges per second. Compared to state-of-the-art CPU implementations on a 72-core machine, we achieve a speedup of 8.26--14.51x for static connectivity and 1.85--13.36x for incremental connectivity using a Tesla V100 GPU.
Adversarial Feature Selection against Evasion Attacks
Creators: name: Zhang, Fei
name: Chan, Patrick P. K.
name: Biggio, Battista
name: Yeung, Daniel S.
name: Roli, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pattern recognition and machine learning techniques have been increasingly adopted in adversarial settings such as spam, intrusion and malware detection, although their security against well-crafted attacks that aim to evade detection by manipulating data at test time has not yet been thoroughly assessed. While previous work has been mainly focused on devising adversary-aware classification algorithms to counter evasion attempts, only few authors have considered the impact of using reduced feature sets on classifier security against the same attacks. An interesting, preliminary result is that classifier security to evasion may be even worsened by the application of feature selection. In this paper, we provide a more detailed investigation of this aspect, shedding some light on the security properties of feature selection against evasion attacks. Inspired by previous work on adversary-aware classifiers, we propose a novel adversary-aware feature selection model that can improve classifier security against evasion attacks, by incorporating specific assumptions on the adversary's data manipulation strategy. We focus on an efficient, wrapper-based implementation of our approach, and experimentally validate its soundness on different application examples, including spam and malware detection.
A JÖVEDELMI VISZONYOK SZOCIÁLIS KÖVETKEZMÉNYEI A MEZŐGAZDASÁGBAN
Creators: name: Horvath, Gabor
name: Palkovics, Miklos
name: Horvath, Gabor
name: Palkovics, Miklos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: agrárnépesség
subject: foglalkoztatottak
subject: bérek
subject: személyes jövedelmek
subject: szociális biztonság
subject: nyugdíjbiztosítás

description: Egy társadalom zavartalan működésének, fejlődésének alapvető feltétele a benne élő egyének, néprétegek, foglalkoztatottak stb. jövedelem-viszonyainak alakulása, következésképpen jóléte. A tanulmány szerzői, a Gazdálkodás küldetésének megfelelően, az agrárnépesség ebbéli helyzetét vizsgálták. Az agrárgazdaságban foglalkoztatottak száma közvetlenül a rendszerváltás után példátlan módon lecsökkent és mérsékeltebb ütemben, de a folyamat napjainkig tart. Kérdésként fogalmazódik meg, hol, és egyáltalán talált-e munkát, megélhetést a több százezres korábbi mezőgazdasági munkás? Az ágazatban maradt munkavállalók mintegy felerészt alkalmazottak, a többiek gyakorlatilag önfoglalkoztatók. Keresetük jelentősen elmarad a társadalmi átlagtól, a felzárkózás jelei sem találhatók. Különösen kedvezőtlenek a kilátásaik a jövőt, azaz a nyugdíjakat illetően. Ebben a sokak számára reménytelen helyzetben a társadalmat képviselő kormányzatnak kell cselekedni. Javaslataink szerint a foglalkoztatási támogatások működtetése, a társadalombiztosításban való részvétel előmozdítása, az agrártámogatási rendszerekhez kapcsolódó foglalkoztatás ösztönzése lehet a célravezető. --------------------------------------------------------- It is essential for the smooth functioning and development of a society that the income conditions and consequently the prosperity of its individual members, social groups, employees, etc. improve. The authors of the study, in accordance with the mission of Gazdálkodás, examined the situation of the agricultural population in relation to this. The number of people employed in agriculture dropped drastically right after the regime change and continues to decline, though more moderately, to this day. One could ask where, if at all, the several hundred thousand former farm workers found jobs. Half of those who remain in the sector are employees, the rest are basically self-employed. Their earnings lag far behind the national average and there are no observable signs of this gap being bridged. Their future prospects, namely their retirement pensions, are particularly unfavourable. In this, for many, hopeless situation, it is the role of Government, representing society, to act. It is the authors’ suggestion that the operation of employment subsidies, the encouragement of participation in the social security system and the incentivisation of employment related to the agricultural support system, could be effective.
Changements de pratiques et possibilités de réduire l’usage des pesticides (Une analyse sur le secteur des grandes cultures en France)
Creators: name: Jacquet, Florence
name: Butault, Jean-Pierre
name: Guichard, Laurence
name: Jacquet, Florence
name: Butault, Jean-Pierre
name: Guichard, Laurence
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Productivity Analysis

description: En 2008, à l’occasion du Grenelle de l’environnement, la France s’est fixée un objectif de réduction de l’usage des pesticides de moitié en dix ans. Afin de répondre à la question des pouvoirs publics sur la possibilité de réduire l’utilisation des pesticides dans l’agriculture française et d’atteindre l’objectif fixé par le Grenelle de l’environnement, l’INRA et les ministères de l’Agriculture et de l’Ecologie ont mis en place le projet ECOPHYTO R&D. Nous présentons ici les résultats d’un travail réalisé dans le cadre de cette étude. Une réduction significative de l’usage des pesticides suppose des changements profonds dans les pratiques agricoles. Dans le but d’analyser les effets de tels changements sur le secteur français des grandes cultures qui représente 68 % de l’utilisation des pesticides en France, un modèle de programmation mathématique a été construit. Il permet d’étudier les combinaisons de techniques agricoles qui permettraient d’atteindre différents niveaux de réduction de l’usage de pesticides et d’évaluer l’impact que ces changements pourraient avoir sur le revenu et la production agricole. Les résultats montrent que l’objectif d’une réduction de l’usage des pesticides de 30 % pourrait être atteint, avec un changement dans les techniques utilisées et sans baisse de production importante ni de marge (aux prix de 2006). En revanche, l’objectif de 50 % conduit à des baisses de production plus importantes et nécessite la montée en puissance de systèmes encore peu développés aujourd’hui, comme la production intégrée et l’agriculture biologique.
Réguler pour contrôler le développement de la résistance aux pesticides (La durabilité de la sensibilité des bioagresseurs aux pesticides et aux variétés résistantes)
Creators: name: Ambec, Stefan
name: Desquilbet, Marion
name: Ambec, Stefan
name: Desquilbet, Marion
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: L’utilisation de pesticides et l’introduction de variétés résistantes à certains bioagresseurs (insectes, champignons, virus, bactéries) en agriculture exercent une pression de sélection sur ces populations de bioagresseurs. Au cours du temps, l’efficacité de ces technologies peut diminuer si des résistances (aux pesticides ou aux variétés résistantes) se développent. La durabilité des pesticides et des variétés résistantes est donc en grande partie tributaire de leur utilisation. Plus une technologie est utilisée de façon systématique et intensive, plus la pression sélective est forte, plus vite le gène de résistance dans la population de bioagresseurs est sélectionné, et plus rapidement la technologie devient obsolète. La gestion durable des résistances requiert une utilisation parcimonieuse des moyens de prévention qui n’est pas nécessairement compatible avec les intérêts économiques à court terme des utilisateurs. D’un point de vue économique, la sensibilité des bioagresseurs aux pesticides (ou aux résistances variétales) est une ressource naturelle. Les stratégies de gestion durable des résistances ont pour but de l’extraire de manière optimale au cours du temps, c’est-à-dire de retarder le développement de l’adaptation de ces populations de bioagresseurs.1 Afin de contrôler le développement de la résistance aux pesticides, le « régulateur » a à sa disposition différents instruments de politique environnementale. Notre étude permet de mieux appréhender les déterminants de l’arbitrage entre deux de ces instruments, la zone refuge obligatoire et la taxe sur les pesticides ou sur les semences des variétés résistantes. Un modèle bio-économique spatialement et temporellement explicite est utilisé pour comparer la performance des deux instruments selon diverses hypothèses sur la mobilité des insectes ravageurs. Cette analyse se situe dans le prolongement d’un exercice antérieur pluridisciplinaire de simulations bio-économiques sur l’exemple de la pyrale du maïs (Vacher et al., 2007).
Des subventions à la R&D “verte” sont-elles préférables à une taxe carbone pour lutter contre le changement climatique ?
Creators: name: Lafforgue, Gilles
name: Lafforgue, Gilles
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Public Economics

description: Le changement climatique, conséquence d’un excès d’émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) dans l’atmosphère, est susceptible de perturber gravement l’économie mondiale dans les décennies à venir. En 2006, dans un rapport dont les résultats ont été largement diffusés, l’économiste Nicholas Stern estimait qu’en l’absence d’intervention concertée de la part de la communauté internationale, la température moyenne pourrait s’élever de plus de 3° C d’ici la fin du siècle, ce qui coûterait chaque année aux habitants de la planète l’équivalent de 5 % du produit mondial brut (Stern, 2007). Nous étudions et comparons deux types d’instruments que les pouvoirs publics ont à leur disposition pour encourager la réduction des émissions carbonées, la taxe carbone et les subventions à la Recherche et Développement (R&D) « verte ». Nous montrons que ces deux politiques sont, non pas antagonistes, mais bien complémentaires, chacune renforçant le rôle de l’autre dans la correction de l’externalité qui a justifié sa mise en place.
Evidence for Two Different Solid Phases of Two Dimensional Electrons in High Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Chen, Yong P.
name: Lewis, R. M.
name: Engel, L. W.
name: Tsui, D. C.
name: Ye, P. D.
name: Wang, Z. H.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed RF spectroscopy on very high quality two dimensional electron systems in the high magnetic field insulating phase, usually associated with a Wigner solid (WS) pinned by disorder. We have found two different resonances in the frequency dependent real diagonal conductivity spectrum and we interpret them as coming from \textit{two} different pinned solid phases (labeled as "WS-A" and "WS-B"). The resonance of WS-A is observable for Landau level filling $ν$$
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Discarding food vs. starving people: Inefficient and immoral?
Creators: name: Koester, Ulrich
name: Koester, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Food Security and Poverty

description: Intensive discussions about discarding food in recent weeks were prompted by a study commissioned by the German Bundestag and supported by the German Federal Ministry of Nutrition, Agriculture, and Consumer Protection. Spiegel online said on March 13, 2012: "Europe's waste would suffice twice to feed the world's hungry." This statement startled many people. Food is discarded in Europe and other prosperous countries while many people in poor countries are starving. Hence, it seems that the global hunger problem could be easily solved. People in rich countries would simply have to deal with food more responsibly. This policy brief critically examines the methodology of identification food loss and the magnitude of estimated quantities and values. Furthermore, it is questioned whether the potential reduction of food loss on one side can really decrease hunger on the other. The paper concludes with a discussion of morals and alternative options for combating hunger.
Networks on Chip : emerging interconnect infrastructures for MP-SoC platforms
Creators: name: Pande, Partha Pratim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Multiprocessor system-on-chip (MP-SoC) platforms are emerging as an important trend for System on Chip (SoC) design. The state of the art has reached a point where commercial designs are readily integrating in the range of 10-100 embedded functional/storage blocks in a single SoC. As a result of this enormous degree of integration, several industrial and academic research groups are striving to develop efficient communication architectures, in some cases optimized for specific applications. Global synchronization is becoming increasingly complex due to process variability and power dissipation, and cross-chip signaling can no longer be achieved in a single clock cycle. Thus, system design must incorporate networking and distributed computation paradigms with communication structures designed first and then functional blocks integrated into the communication backbone. The emerging Network on chip (NoC) design methodology is a step in this direction. The practical implementation and adoption of the NoC design paradigm is faced with various unsolved issues related to design methodologies, test strategies, and dedicated CAD tools. The focus of this research is on design aspects and architectural issues of this new paradigm. The contributions of this research are two fold. First is the performance evaluation of various NoC architectures in regard to data rates, latency, silicon area overhead, and energy dissipation and second is the quantification of the timing characteristics of NoC architectures. Through detailed circuit design and timing analysis, this research has established that different NoC architectures proposed to date are guaranteed to achieve the high-performance clock cycle requirements in a given CMOS technology, usually specified in normalized units of FO4 (fan out of 4) delays.
title: World War Z auf Polnisch
Creators: name: Przyborowska, Maria
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst Slavistik
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Ostachowicz, Igor
subject: Polnisch
subject: Deutsch
subject: Roman
subject: Übersetzung
subject: Rezension
subject: 491.8

description: Aus Kellern und Abwasserkanälen im Warschauer Stadtteil Muranów, der nach dem Krieg auf den Trümmern des Ghettos erbaut wurde, tauchen Juden als Untote auf. Am Anfang nur einige, dann werden es immer mehr und plötzlich sind sie überall. Warum? Weil sie immer noch ans Leben gebunden sind? Igor Ostachowicz spürt in seinem zweiten Roman der unterschwelligen Präsenz der Vergangenheit in der polnischen Gegenwart nach.
description: novinkigegengelesen
"Dressing" lines and vertices in calculations of matrix elements with the coupled-cluster method and determination of Cs atomic properties
Creators: name: Derevianko, Andrei
name: Porsev, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider evaluation of matrix elements with the coupled-cluster method. Such calculations formally involve infinite number of terms and we devise a method of partial summation (dressing) of the resulting series. Our formalism is built upon an expansion of the product $C^\dagger C$ of cluster amplitudes $C$ into a sum of $n$-body insertions. We consider two types of insertions: particle/hole line insertion and two-particle/two-hole random-phase-approximation-like insertion. We demonstrate how to ``dress'' these insertions and formulate iterative equations. We illustrate the dressing equations in the case when the cluster operator is truncated at single and double excitations. Using univalent systems as an example, we upgrade coupled-cluster diagrams for matrix elements with the dressed insertions and highlight a relation to pertinent fourth-order diagrams. We illustrate our formalism with relativistic calculations of hyperfine constant $A(6s)$ and $6s_{1/2}-6p_{1/2}$ electric-dipole transition amplitude for Cs atom. Finally, we augment the truncated coupled-cluster calculations with otherwise omitted fourth-order diagrams. The resulting analysis for Cs is complete through the fourth-order of many-body perturbation theory and reveals an important role of triple and disconnected quadruple excitations.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev. A
Epitaxial engineering of flat silver fluorides cuprate analogs
Creators: name: Grzelak, Adam
name: Su, Haibin
name: Yang, Xiaoping
name: Kurzydłowski, Dominik
name: Lorenzana, Jose
name: Grochala, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As-grown AgF2 has a remarkably similar electronic structure as insulating cuprates, but it is extremely electronegative, which makes it hard to handle and dope. Furthermore, buckling of layers reduces magnetic interactions and enhances unwanted self-trapping lattice effects. We argue that epitaxial engineering can solve all these problems. By using a high throughput approach and first principle computations, we find a set of candidate substrates which can sustain the chemical aggressiveness of AgF2 and at the same time have good lattice parameter matching for heteroepitaxy, enhancing AgF2 magnetic and transport properties and opening the possibility of field-effect carrier injection to achieve a new generation of high-Tc superconductors. Assuming a magnetic mechanism and extrapolating from cuprates we predict that the superconducting critical temperature of a single layer can reach 195 K.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, and supplementary information
Einzelbetriebliche Auswirkungen politischer Strukturreformen in der Landwirtschaft: Erste empirische Erkenntnisse
Creators: name: Feil, Jan-Henning
name: Mußhoff, Oliver
name: Roeren-Wiemers, Tobias
name: Feil, Jan-Henning
name: Mußhoff, Oliver
name: Roeren-Wiemers, Tobias
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Political Economy
subject: Agrarpolitik
subject: Politikfolgenabschätzung
subject: Einkommenseffekte
subject: Überwälzungseffekte
subject: Einkommensrisiko
subject: Paneldatenanalyse
subject: Agricultural policy
subject: policy impact analysis
subject: income effects
subject: transmission effects
subject: income risk
subject: panel data analysis

description: Die einzelbetrieblichen Auswirkungen politischer Reformen beschäftigen (Agrar)Ökonomen seit Langem und sind aufgrund der anstehenden Reform der gemeinsamen EU-Agrarpolitik in 2014 hoch aktuell. In diesem Beitrag werden die Effekte der EU-Agrarrefomen der letzten 20 Jahre und der Einführung des Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetzes auf die Höhe der Einkommen landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe, auf Überwälzungseffekte auf dem Pachtmarkt sowie auf das Einkommensrisiko erstmalig empirisch untersucht. Hierzu steht ein Datensatz landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe aus Nordrhein-Westfalen über einen Zeitraum von 1984/85 bis 2010/11 zur Verfügung, der anhand einer Paneldatenanalyse ausgewertet wird. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die besagten Reformen einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Höhe der betrieblichen Einkommen, der Pachtpreise sowie des Einkommensrisikos hatten. The farm level effects of political reforms have been discussed in the literature for a long time and are highly relevant against the background of the upcoming reform of the Common Agricultural Policy in the EU in 2014. In this paper, the impact of the EU agricultural reforms of the last 20 years and the introduction of the German Renewable Energy Sources Act are quantified with regard to arable farm income level, transmission effects on land rental markets and arable farm income risk. For this purpose, a dataset of arable farms from North Rhine Westphalia over the period from 1984/85 to 2010/11 is investigated by means of a panel data analysis. The results suggest that the political reforms had a significant impact on the farm income level, the level of land rental prices and the farm income risk.
Weak-coupling phase diagrams of bond-aligned and diagonal doped Hubbard ladders
Creators: name: Baruch, Shirit
name: Orgad, Dror
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, using a perturbative renormalization group technique, the phase diagrams of bond-aligned and diagonal Hubbard ladders defined as sections of a square lattice with nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor hopping. We find that for not too large hole doping and small next-nearest-neighbor hopping the bond-aligned systems exhibit a fully spin-gapped phase while the diagonal systems remain gapless. Increasing the next-nearest-neighbor hopping typically leads to a decrease of the gap in the bond-aligned ladders, and to a transition into a gapped phase in the diagonal ladders. Embedding the ladders in an antiferromagnetic environment can lead to a reduction in the extent of the gapped phases. These findings suggest a relation between the orientation of hole-rich stripes and superconductivity as observed in LSCO.
description: Published version. The set of RG equations in the presence of magnetization was corrected and two figures were replaced
Convergence in higher mean of a random Schroedinger to a linear Boltzmann evolution
Creators: name: Chen, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q10, 76Y05

description: We study the macroscopic scaling and weak coupling limit for a random Schroedinger equation on Z^3. We prove that the Wigner transforms of a large class of "macroscopic" solutions converge in r-th mean to solutions of a linear Boltzmann equation, for any finite value of r in R_+. This extends previous results where convergence in expectation was established.
description: AMS-Latex, 36 pages, 3 figures. Title reworded. Final version, to appear in Commun. Math. Phys
Argo Lite: Open-Source Interactive Graph Exploration and Visualization in Browsers
Creators: name: Li, Siwei
name: Zhou, Zhiyan
name: Upadhayay, Anish
name: Shaikh, Omar
name: Freitas, Scott
name: Park, Haekyu
name: Wang, Zijie J.
name: Routray, Susanta
name: Hull, Matthew
name: Chau, Duen Horng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph data have become increasingly common. Visualizing them helps people better understand relations among entities. Unfortunately, existing graph visualization tools are primarily designed for single-person desktop use, offering limited support for interactive web-based exploration and online collaborative analysis. To address these issues, we have developed Argo Lite, a new in-browser interactive graph exploration and visualization tool. Argo Lite enables users to publish and share interactive graph visualizations as URLs and embedded web widgets. Users can explore graphs incrementally by adding more related nodes, such as highly cited papers cited by or citing a paper of interest in a citation network. Argo Lite works across devices and platforms, leveraging WebGL for high-performance rendering. Argo Lite has been used by over 1,000 students at Georgia Tech's Data and Visual Analytics class. Argo Lite may serve as a valuable open-source tool for advancing multiple CIKM research areas, from data presentation, to interfaces for information systems and more.
description: CIKM'20 Resource Track (October 19-23, 2020), 6 pages, 6 figures
Gravitational entropy in cosmological models
Creators: name: Pelavas, Nicos
name: Coley, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss whether an appropriately defined dimensionless scalar function might be an acceptable candidate for the gravitational entropy, by explicitly considering Szekeres and Bianchi type VI$_{h}$ models that admit an isotropic singularity. We also briefly discuss other possible gravitational entropy functions, including an appropriate measure of the velocity dependent Bel-Robinson tensor.
description: 6 pages, revtex
Armut in Chinas ländlichen Räumen: temporär oder chronisch?
Creators: name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Herzfeld, Thomas
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Wang, Xiaobing
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Herzfeld, Thomas
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Wang, Xiaobing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Die Bekämpfung von Armut kann sicherlich als eines der wichtigsten Ziele gesellschaftspolitischer Agenden angesehen werden. Die Bilanz der bisher erreichten Fortschritte bei der Bekämpfung der weltweiten Armut fällt allerdings ernüchternd aus. China reduzierte seit Beginn der ökonomischen Reformen Ende der 1970er Jahre in erheblichem Maße die Zahl der Armen. Dennoch sind immer noch ca. 170 Millionen Menschen von Armut betroffen. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit den Fragen, ob Armut in Chinas ländlichen Regionen eher chronischer oder temporärer Natur ist und welche Chancen bestehen, Armut zu entrinnen. Gleichzeitig wird diskutiert, ob bestimmte Faktoren chronische Armut eher begünstigen oder dieser entgegenwirken.
The Value of an Enterprise Postgraduate Research Programme for creating business start-ups in the UK
Creators: name: Phillips, Robert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Masters of Enterprise Programme is a postgraduate programme whereby a student attempts to start a business during the course of their studies. Established in 2001, we have analysed the success of the 59 companies created from the course and found that as expected the start-up rate is higher than the general population. We also found that ratio of male to female founders (70-30) was similar to start-ups from the general population; however, the survival rate of ventures created from the programme was significantly higher. Also, a higher rate of the businesses were employing more than just the founder, implying they are what could be considered “Entrepreneurial” businesses rather than simply someone selfemployed as might be normal in some careers. Despite many overseas students completing the course, only 3 of the businesses were founded outside the UK, suggesting the UK economy is benefitting from the ventures created. We also discuss other outcomes from the course such as these entrepreneurial students are often recruited by top corporates. We further discuss what we believe are the contributing pedagogic factors to its success
Poverty in China's rural areas: temporary or chronic?
Creators: name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Herzfeld, Thomas
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Wang, Xiaobing
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Herzfeld, Thomas
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Wang, Xiaobing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Curbing poverty can surely be deemed to be one of the most eminent objectives on socio-political agendas. Progress in reducing worldwide poverty achieved in to date, however, makes rather sobering reading. China has considerably reduced the number of poor since commencement of economic reforms in the late 1970s. Still, there are ca. 170 million people affected by poverty. This paper investigates the issue whether poverty in China's rural areas is rather of a chronic or temporary nature and what the opportunities are of escaping poverty. Simultaneously, there are discussions whether certain factors rather favour or counteract chronic poverty.
Mathematical Modelling of Coupled Climate–Population Dynamics Systems: Climate Change, Bifurcations, Extinctions
Creators: name: Alsulami, Amer
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Climate change has led to many extinctions in the Earth’s history. Environments change over time, pushing some species out of their comfort zone while creating new opportunities for other species; thousands of animal and plant species went extinct. The situation is dangerous now, and other extinctions may happen because of climate change. Climate warming is expected to lead to one-third of animal and plant species extinction by 2100 if proper measures are not implemented to control global warming.
Rising global temperatures due to greenhouse gases are likely to cause the extinction of different plant and animal species. Marine heat waves will create a harsh environment for the survival of aquatic animals and plants. Climate change continues to threaten global biodiversity because temperatures could increase mortality rates and result in population extinction. We mainly focus on phytoplankton, essential organisms living in the ocean’s upper layer (photic zone) and producing the majority of atmospheric oxygen. Temperature affects their growth rate and also their oxygen production. On the other hand, the abundance of phytoplankton also affects climate; phytoplankton can change the Earth’s surface albedo and disturb the energy balance. In this thesis, we use several coupled climate–phytoplankton models of various complexity; we study them (both analytically and numerically) in terms of climate change. By revealing the bifurcation structure of the systems, our results help to reveal critical thresholds in the systems’ dynamics and hence to understand how the mass extinctions may have happened in the past.
Alarm oder Fehlalarm? Ergebnisse eines Literaturüberblicks über empirische Forschungsarbeiten zur Finanzspekulation mit Agrarrohstoffen
Creators: name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Pies, Ingo
name: Prehn, Sören
name: Will, Matthias Georg
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Pies, Ingo
name: Prehn, Sören
name: Will, Matthias Georg
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Financial Economics
Food Security and Poverty

description: Eine Auswertung von 35 Forschungsarbeiten über den Einfluss der Finanzspekulation auf die Agrarrohstoffmärkte gelangt zu folgenden Ergebnissen: Die weit überwiegende Mehrheit der Studien kann die in der öffentlichen Diskussion vorherrschenden Befürchtungen nicht bestätigen. Gemäß aktuellem Erkenntnisstand sprechen nur wenige und zudem schwache Befunde für die Auffassung, dass die Zunahme der Finanzspekulation in den letzten Jahren (1) das Niveau bzw. (2) die Volatilität der Preise für Agrarrohstoffe hat ansteigen lassen. Hierfür waren vielmehr realwirtschaftliche Faktoren verantwortlich. Deshalb sind die wissenschaftlichen Studien mehrheitlich nicht dafür, sondern dagegen, (3) regulatorische Marktzutrittsbarrieren zu errichten. Transaktionssteuern oder Positionslimits werden als sehr riskant angesehen. Zahlreiche Studien warnen explizit vor einer Überregulierung, die die Agrarmärkte nicht besser, sondern schlechter funktionieren lassen würde. Insofern ist der Alarm zur Finanzspekulation als Fehl-Alarm einzustufen: Wer den Hunger in der Welt wirksam bekämpfen will, muss realwirtschaftlich dafür Sorge tragen, dass das Angebot an Nahrungsmitteln mit der auf absehbare Zeit steigenden Nachfrage Schritt halten kann.
Cosmological Information from the Small-scale Redshift Space Distortions
Creators: name: Tonegawa, Motonari
name: Park, Changbom
name: Zheng, Yi
name: Park, Hyunbae
name: Hong, Sungwook E.
name: Hwang, Ho Seong
name: Kim, Juhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The redshift-space distortion (RSD) in the observed distribution of galaxies is known as a powerful probe of cosmology. Observations of large-scale RSD have given tight constraints on the linear growth rate of the large-scale structures in the universe. On the other hand, the small-scale RSD, caused by galaxy random motions inside clusters, has not been much used in cosmology, but also has cosmological information because universes with different cosmological parameters have different halo mass functions and virialized velocities. We focus on the projected correlation function $w(r_p)$ and the multipole moments $ξ_l$ on small scales ($1.4$ to $30\ h^{-1}\rm{Mpc}$). Using simulated galaxy samples generated from a physically motivated most bound particle (MBP)-galaxy correspondence scheme in the Multiverse Simulation, we examine the dependence of the small-scale RSD on the cosmological matter density parameter $Ω_m$, the satellite velocity bias with respect to MBPs, $b_v^s$, and the merger-time-scale parameter $α$. We find that $α=1.5$ gives an excellent fit to the $w(r_p)$ and $ξ_l$ measured from the SDSS-KIAS value added galaxy catalog. We also define the ``strength'' of Fingers-of-God as the ratio of the parallel and perpendicular size of the contour in the two-point correlation function set by a specific threshold value and show that the strength parameter helps constraining $(Ω_m, b_v^s, α)$ by breaking the degeneracy among them. The resulting parameter values from all measurements are $(Ω_m,b_v^s)=(0.272\pm0.013,0.982\pm0.040)$, indicating a slight reduction of satellite galaxy velocity relative to the MBP. However, considering that the average MBP speed inside haloes is $0.94$ times the dark matter velocity dispersion, the main drivers behind the galaxy velocity bias are gravitational interactions, rather than baryonic effects.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Alarm or rather false alarm? A literature review of empirical research studies into financial speculation with agricultural commodities
Creators: name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Pies, Ingo
name: Prehn, Sören
name: Will, Matthias Georg
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Pies, Ingo
name: Prehn, Sören
name: Will, Matthias Georg
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Financial Economics
Food Security and Poverty

description: An evaluation of 35 research papers into the impact of financial speculation on agricultural commodities markets has revealed: The vast majority of studies did not confirm the concerns that prevail in public discourse. The current state of knowledge indicates only a few, and weak, findings that verify the assumption that the rise in financial speculation in recent years has increased (1) the level or (2) the volatility of agricultural commodity prices. Instead, those developments have rather been caused by fundamental factors in the real economy. This is why the majority of academic studies are not in favor but against (3) enacting regulatory barriers to market entry. Transaction taxes or position limits are described as involving high risks. Various studies explicitly warn against overregulation, which would impair rather than improve the functionality of agricultural markets. Seen in this light, the alarmism about financial speculation should be classified as a false alarm: Those who desire to effectively combat hunger in the world have to take real-economy precautions to ensure that food supplies will match the envisaged increasing demands.
Deliverable 3.5 Final business plan for both non-income and income generating SAUs
Creators: name: Finglas, Paul
name: Wright, Dawn
name: Bell, Simone
name: Pakkala, Heikki
name: Korousic, Prof. Barbara
name: Chryssochoidis, George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: The EuroFIR Food Platform
EuroFIR
Nexus

description: EuroFIR AISBL has completed its fourth year of full operation and still aims to provide food data and supporting products and services to a wide range of users for underpinning major developments in both research and public policy in food and health related areas, both in Europe globally.

Three previous income generating Strategic Activity Units (SAUs) have been retained and developed, namely SAU1 - Membership and membership benefits; SAU2 - Bespoke data compilation and consultancy services; and SAU3 - RTD Projects and tenders, and a fourth, SAU4 - Training and continuing professional development has been added with further plans for expansion in 2013. SAU 5 - Stakeholder engagement, advisory and events services, remains as the only non-income generating SAU.

The results for 2012 show a surplus of 33K EUR, which is largely due to increased RTD, consultancy and training income, as well as careful control of AISBL Office costs (e.g. accountancy and internet services). The projected budget planning looked favourable for the Period 2013-16, based on realistic income levels and operating expenses, but with a planned significant decrease in the full membership fees for FCDB compiler organisations. The focus for this period will be delivering new tools and products, extending the RTD and training activities, and increased ordinary member organisations coupled with the introduction of new individual access fees.

The continued involvement of current members (Full and Ordinary) is crucial for longer term sustainability, and these organisations will be encouraged to become more involved in consultancy, dissemination and stakeholder engagements, and training as well as working with EuroFIR AISBL to develop new initiatives. The possible assignment of single voting on non-financial and dissolution topics for ordinary member organisations will be considered by the GA in 2013, as well as the addition of two representatives to the EB. Similarly, the Executive Board has, and will continue to, become more involved in the activities of EuroFIR AISBL, not only to monitor and assess the income and operating expenses, but also contribute to the maintenance and improvement of the products and services for members and attracting new members and income.

Reasonable expansion of the membership-base, through increased ordinary members from a wider food and health area, and the provision of products and service packages to more organisations, individuals and third parties are expected to provide a sound financial basis for longer-term financial durability.
Specificul interpretării textului folcloric ca mesaj codificat cu informație etnoculturală
Creators: name: ZAICOVSCHI, Tatiana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160104 Social and Cultural Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Specificul interpretării textului folcloric ca mesaj codificat cu informație etnoculturală
A Comparison of students’ attitudes and attainment on an enterprise module for scientists and engineers
Creators: name: Phillips, Robert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We compared data from an enterprise course aimed at scientists and engineers using the Unit Evaluation Questionnaire, coursework marks and qualitative feedback quotes with the aim of identifying any issues for embedding enterprise and entrepreneurship units in science and engineering degrees. Enterprise courses in many universities are often offered as units within other degree programmes which fulfill chartered bodies requirements for enterprise education and for employability. Whilst broadly accepted to be successful, others have reported students views on enterprise education be mixed as they feel its out of their comfort zone, and some are not open to studying units outside of their main subject, however we found student results and satisfaction to be at least as good as faculty and departmental norms. Qualitative comments suggest despite initial misgivings, they enjoy applying their subject knowledge to entrepreneurial issues and appreciate it not being a generic course. Students were not adversely affected by different assessment techniques and performed similarly to departmental/faculty averages. We found that it was key for courses to be tailored to science and engineering students such as by allowing them to study a company from their subject area for their assignments and giving science examples resulted in better engagement and feedback.
Scalar kinks and fermion localisation in warped spacetimes
Creators: name: Koley, Ratna
name: Kar, Sayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scalar kinks propagating along the bulk in warped spacetimes provide a thick brane realisation of the braneworld. We consider here, a class of such exact solutions of the full Einstein-scalar system with a sine-Gordon potential and a negative cosmological constant. In the background of the kink and the corresponding warped geometry, we discuss the issue of localisation of spin half fermions (with emphasis on massive ones) on the brane in the presence of different types of kink-fermion Yukawa couplings. We analyse the possibility of quasi-bound states for large values of the Yukawa coupling parameter $γ_F$ (with $ν$, the warp factor parameter kept fixed) using appropriate, recently developed, approximation methods. In particular, the spectrum of the low--lying states and their lifetimes are obtained, with the latter being exponentially enhanced for large $νγ_F$. Our results indicate quantitatively, within this model, that it is possible to tune the nature of warping and the strength and form of the Yukawa interaction to obtain trapped massive fermion states on the brane, which, however, do have a finite (but very small) probability of escaping into the bulk.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, RevTex4