cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adsorption-active polydisperse brush with tunable molecular mass distribution
Creators: name: Ivanova, Anna S.
name: Polotsky, Alexey A.
name: Skvortsov, Alexander M.
name: Klushin, Leonid I.
name: Schmid, Friederike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently a novel class of responsive uncharged polymer brushes has been proposed [Klushin et al, J. Chem. Phys. 154, 074904 (2021)] where the brush-forming chains have an affinity to the substrate. For sufficiently strong surface interactions, a fraction of chains condenses into a near-surface layer, while the remaining ones form the outer brush with a reduced grafting density. The dense layer and the more tenuous outer brush can be seen as coexisting microphases. The effective grafting density of the outer brush is controlled by the adsorption strength and can be changed reversibly as a response to changes in environmental parameters. In this paper we use numerical self-consistent field calculations and theoretical considerations to study this phenomenon in polydisperse brushes. Our results reveal an unexpected effect: Although all chains are chemically identical, shorter chains are adsorbed preferentially. Hence, with the increase in the surface affinity parameter, a reduction in the surface grafting density of the residual brush is accompanied by a change in the shape of its molecular mass distribution. In particular, an originally bidisperse brush can be effectively transformed into a nearly monodisperse one containing only the longer chain fraction.
description: 14 pages, 19 figures, submitted to J. Chem. Phys
title: Transplain Migration: The Church Trains in Mormon Immigration, 1861-1868
Creators: name: Hulmston, John K.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1985

description: The purpose of this thesis was to trace the pattern of Mormon immigration from Europe and the eastern United States during the decade of the 1860s. Although the initial Mormon migration of 1847 has recieved extensive attention from historians, later organized movements into the Great Basin by immigrant Mormon groups has remained virtually untouched. This thesis traces the formation, organization, and implementation of the church train emigration from Europe and the eastern United States. Also, it details its organization from the church hierarchy, as well as the extensive participation by the Mormon population as a whole.
A primary focus of the thesis centered on the pervasive comraderie and sacrifice of the Mormons living in Utah. With the pragmatic leadership of Brigham Young, coupled with the superb organizational apparatus of the church train system, the Mormon church was afforded the opportunity to aid more than twenty thousand converts to immigrate to Utah Territory from 1861-1868.
In addition, this study concerned itself with an unprecedented occurrence in the field of nineteenth century transportation. By utilizing the church train system adroitly, the Mormons were the first and only organization to journey both to and from the Missouri River (with large emigrant companies), in one season. This was an extremely important breakthrough in nineteenth century transportation and deserves greater attention from historians.
The history of the church train emigration was both unique and successful. It presents a prime example of Mormon organizational abilities in the face of complex and difficult impediments.
MPEC 2023-K164 : 2023 KO3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 KO3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Additional file 3 of Endogenous bacteria inhabiting the Ophiocordyceps highlandensis during fruiting body development
Creators: name: Li, Chengpeng
name: Tang, Dexiang
name: Wang, Yuanbing
name: Fan, Qi
name: Zhang, Xiaomei
name: Cui, Xiaolong
name: Yu, Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Box plot of multivariate alpha dispersions of the microbial composition. (A) Comparisons of the bacterial alpha dispersions (Evenness parameter) grouped with multivariate variables. (B) Comparisons of the fungal alpha dispersions (Evenness parameter) grouped with multivariate variables.
title: Content, Sequence, and Emphasis of Arithmetical Concepts as Presented in Six Textbooks and an Analysis of Student Errors in Fifth Grade Arithmetic
Creators: name: Groutage, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1961

description: Arithmetic problems and the mastery of such problems play an important role in society as it exists today. The pressure from the public has been and is for better teaching of the basic skills. Public school teachers have often evaded this issue (2). For the past decade the emphasis has been "Why Johnny Can't Read," but it seems equally important, because of the relationship of reading and arithmetic, that the focus also center on the mathematical phase of educa­tion (8).
A working knowledge of arithmetic is required in our present day society. Almost all means of earning a livelihood, and certainly the running of a budget for the home, require a working knowledge of arithmetic. The atomic age requires a knowledge of arithmetic. Science demands more and better educated people, with the emphasis on math­ematics. It is impossible to advance far in any scientific field with­ out the ability to understand and to use the principles of arithmetic.
Industrial leaders insist that a way should be found to eradicate the errors found to be most common in our attempts to solve simple arithmetic problems. Teachers often make little use of the material which is available on the teaching of arithmetic and the diagnosis and eradication of errors. This study has been prepared in an effort to identify these errors and thus aid the teachers in eradicating such error
ANA: Ant Nesting Algorithm for Optimizing Real-World Problems
Creators: name: Rashid, Deeam Najmadeen Hama
name: Rashid, Tarik A.
name: Mirjalili, Seyedali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a novel swarm intelligent algorithm is proposed called ant nesting algorithm (ANA). The algorithm is inspired by Leptothorax ants and mimics the behavior of ants searching for positions to deposit grains while building a new nest. Although the algorithm is inspired by the swarming behavior of ants, it does not have any algorithmic similarity with the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm. It is worth mentioning that ANA is considered a continuous algorithm that updates the search agent position by adding the rate of change (e.g., step or velocity). ANA computes the rate of change differently as it uses previous, current solutions, fitness values during the optimization process to generate weights by utilizing the Pythagorean theorem. These weights drive the search agents during the exploration and exploitation phases. The ANA algorithm is benchmarked on 26 well-known test functions, and the results are verified by a comparative study with genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), dragonfly algorithm (DA), five modified versions of PSO, whale optimization algorithm (WOA), salp swarm algorithm (SSA), and fitness dependent optimizer (FDO). ANA outperformances these prominent metaheuristic algorithms on several test cases and provides quite competitive results. Finally, the algorithm is employed for optimizing two well-known real-world engineering problems: antenna array design and frequency-modulated synthesis. The results on the engineering case studies demonstrate the proposed algorithm's capability in optimizing real-world problems.
description: 31 pages
Compact set of invariants characterizing graph states of up to eight qubits
Creators: name: Cabello, Adan
name: Lopez-Tarrida, Antonio J.
name: Moreno, Pilar
name: Portillo, Jose R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The set of entanglement measures proposed by Hein, Eisert, and Briegel for n-qubit graph states [Phys. Rev. A 69, 062311 (2004)] fails to distinguish between inequivalent classes under local Clifford operations if n > 6. On the other hand, the set of invariants proposed by van den Nest, Dehaene, and De Moor (VDD) [Phys. Rev. A 72, 014307 (2005)] distinguishes between inequivalent classes, but contains too many invariants (more than 2 10^{36} for n=7) to be practical. Here we solve the problem of deciding which entanglement class a graph state of n < 9 qubits belongs to by calculating some of the state's intrinsic properties. We show that four invariants related to those proposed by VDD are enough for distinguishing between all inequivalent classes with n < 9 qubits.
description: REVTeX4, 9 pages, 1 figure
title: A Grounded Case Study of Parental Perceptions Surrounding Formalized Special Education Processes
Creators: name: Strong, William Eric
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2018

description: In this dissertation, I explore, through qualitative means, the perceptions of parents related to discourse (what is said and not said) within formalized and required processes of special education. These processes are federal requirements that parents of children with disabilities or suspected disabilities encounter as their children progress through the school system. The processes purportedly protect the rights of children with disabilities. The goal of the process is to help children with disabilities make academic gains by providing scaffolds that meet their individual needs.
During this process, parents of children with disabilities become empowered or disempowered by discourses focused on eligibility for special education services and Individualized Education Plans. These discourses may serve to privilege, empower, disempower, alienate and marginalize, or unite and value. I critically examine instances of this discourse to support and empower parents concerning instances of negatively framed discourse and to assist administrators, professionals, and teachers. My goal is to help these individuals understand how parents perceive the discourse within this framework. I aim to lessen instances of alienation, marginalization, and power inequities that parents repeatedly encounter through education.
This study involves 15 survey participants and 14 remaining case-study participants who have or have had children with disabilities go through the special education process from five separate school systems within the Western U.S. I utilize a survey covering perceptions and attitudes about formalized special education processes along with open-ended, semi-structured interviews for case-study analysis. Participants discussed inequities and inequalities such as a perceived lack of power and voice. They referred to lost dignity for themselves and their children with disabilities and high levels of frustration due to poor communication and follow-through. Participants perceived successful interactions from persistent effort, advocacy, and self-education on special education law, procedure, and the disabilities of their children. I provide participant summary perceptions and desires regarding the special education process. I present two models of special education discourse derived from grounded theory and discuss my results regarding models of disability, a school-equity-improvement model, an ethical framework, and I argue for a call to action to begin the groundwork for positive, lasting change.
A novel method for the determination of hadron excited states in Lattice QCD applied to the nucleon
Creators: name: Alexandrou, C.
name: Papanicolas, C. N.
name: Stiliaris, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel method for the precise identification and determination of the energies that contribute in the spectral decomposition of lattice correlators is presented. The method is based on statistical concepts and it relies heavily on simulation techniques. The $η_c$ correlator is analyzed within this method and the results obtained are compared to a previous analysis based on Bayesian statistics. An analysis of the nucleon local two-point correlators leads to the identification of the excited states in the positive and negative channels. A discussion on the Roper is included.
description: 7 pages, Talk presented at The XXVI International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, LATTICE 2008, July 14 - 19, 2008, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA
Relativistic Spectra of Hot Black-Hole Winds
Creators: name: Sumitomo, Naoko
name: Saito, Hideki
name: Fukue, Jun
name: Watarai, Kenya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine hybrid thermal-nonthermal synchrotron spectra from a spherically symmetric, optically-thin wind, taking into account the relativistic effect. In the relativistic flow from the central object, due to the relativistic beaming effect, the observed spectra often shift towards high frequency and high intensity directions. In the optically thin outflows, however, we find that the intensity of the observed spectra decreases compared with that of the emitted ones, although the peak frequency shifts towards the high frequency direction. This is because in the optically thin outflows we can see the far side flows that go away from the observer. We thus carefully consider optically thin relativistic flows around a black hole such as Sgr A$^*$.
description: 7pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in PASJ
title: Content Analysis of Affordances for Social and Emotional Competency Development in Third-Grade Core Reading Programs
Creators: name: Brown, Lisa Trottier
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2018

description: The purpose of this content analysis study was to identify opportunities embedded in selected reading programs that facilitate the development of social and emotional competencies in the context of literacy instruction. These competencies have been shown to strengthen academic performance and help children learn skills that accelerate success inside and outside of the classroom. The content analysis examined three commonly used third-grade core reading programs to identify content that focuses on social and emotional competencies and instructional processes important in teaching social and emotional skills to children. The study also sought to identify content and instructional processes that might be strengthened in the curriculum to provide greater opportunities for social and emotional growth. As a part of the investigation of core reading programs, current market information was used to identify the most recent editions of the most widely used core reading programs in the U.S.
Estimating solar radiation environment extremes
Creators: name: Herbst, Konstantin
name: Papaioannou, Athanasios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme Solar Energetic Particle Events (ESPEs) were identified almost a decade ago, providing context for super events unleashed by our host star, the Sun. Their assumed solar origin drives the question of their ``worst-case" impact, which could be profound, multifaceted, and devastating for our technological society. A methodology that directly relates the soft X-ray flux $F_{SXR}$ of the driving solar flare of a Solar Energetic Particle event to its ``worst-case" integral fluence spectrum has recently been proposed by Papaioannou et al. (2023). We employ this method to the ESPEs that have been confirmed in cosmogenic radionuclide records up to date, retrieve their ``worst-case" integral spectrum, and compare the latter to the actual -- independently obtained -- recent reconstructions based on the radionuclide records. We first show that our method allows us to estimate the integral fluence spectra of one of the paleo events, i.e., AD774/775, one of the strongest ESPEs found within the cosmogenic radionuclide records so far. We then implement a mean ESPE utilizing four confirmed paleo ESPEs (i.e., AD993/994, AD774/775, 660 BCE, and 7176 BCE) and test the resulting spectrum against the estimated one. Finally, we test the same methodology for a series of strong SEPs recorded on the Earth's surface as Ground Level Enhancements (GLEs). In all investigated cases, the recent re-calibration of $F_{SXR}$ by Hudson et al. (2024) is considered. We conclude that the methodology can adequately estimate the ``worst-case" integral fluence spectra for both strong and extreme SEP events, quantifying their impact up to an integral energy of $\sim$ E $>$ 1 GeV.
description: accepted at A&A
Studies directed towards a synthesis of resistomycin
Creators: name: Kingston, John Francis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A possible route to the synthesis of resistomycin is outlined and the first steps in this are reported and discussed. Acetylation of the known compound 2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropionitri1e afforded 2-(4-acetyl-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropionitrile (22). Condensation of 22 with the dianion of methyl acetoacetate, followed by dehydration afforded an E,Z mixture of methyl 5-(4-1¹-cyano-1¹-methylethyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-hex-4-enoates (25). Several attempts to cyclise 25_ and a closely related model compound via their monoanions or their enol ethers or acetates were unsuccessful. In a model study related to the proposed synthesis of resistomycin the dianion of acetic acid was condensed with 2,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone (94). Dehydration of the product yielded a mixture of 3-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)but-2 and 3-enoic acids (96 and 113). Attempts to acylate the methyl esters and acid chlorides of 96 and 113 with the enolate anion of 94 were unsuccessful. Several methods of generating the dianions of β-diketones and condensing them with hindered ketones such as 94, 22 and 2,6-dimethoxyacetophenone (39) were investigated. The synthesis of l-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)butane-1,3-dione (121) was accomplished by condensation of 94 with methyl acetate. One alternative to the dianion approach to the functiona-lisation of the γ carbon of β-diketones was examined. This involved the synthesis of 3-methyl-5-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)isoxazole (183) from 121. Attempts to functionalise the C-3 methyl group of 183 and its methyl fluorosulphonate salt were not successful. Condensation of the dianion of 40 with 94 afforded 5-hydroxy-l-phenyl-5-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)hexane-l,3-dione (158). This compound was dehydrated and in a novel reaction was cyclised, in the presence of hydrogen chloride, via loss of methanol, to 5,7-dimethoxy-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-l-naphthyl phenyl ketone (156). The dianion of 121 was reacted with ketones 39 and 22 and the products were dehydrated with boron trifluoride etherate. In these cases stannic chloride was required to effect cyclisation to 2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-4-methyl-l-naphthyl 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl ketone (217) and 2-(7-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-methoxy-8-2, ,4',6'-tri-methoxybenzoyl-2-naphthyl)-2-methylpropionitrile (27). Plans to convert 27 to resistomycin by additional cyclisations are discussed.
Internal dynamics of the galaxy cluster Abell 959
Creators: name: Boschin, W.
name: Barrena, R.
name: Girardi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The connection of cluster mergers with the presence of extended, diffuse radio sources in galaxy clusters is still being debated. In this paper we aim to obtain new insights into the internal dynamics of Abell 959, showing evidence of a diffuse radio source, analyzing velocities and positions of member galaxies. Our analysis is based on redshift data for 107 galaxies in the cluster field acquired at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo. We also use photometric data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (Data Release 6). We combine galaxy velocities and positions to select 81 galaxies recognized as cluster members and determine global dynamical properties. We analyze the cluster searching for substructures by using several statistical methods. We also study the 2D galaxy distribution in the field of the cluster. We compare our results with those from X-ray and gravitational lensing analyses. We estimate a cluster redshift of z=0.2883 +/- 0.0004. We detect an NE high velocity group at 5' from the cluster center with a relative line--of--sight (LOS) velocity of ~ +1900 km/s with respect to the main system. We also detect a central, dense structure elongated along the SE--NW direction likely connected with the two dominant galaxies and their surrounding cores. This elongated central structure is probably the trace of an old cluster merger. The LOS velocity dispersion of galaxies is very high (1025 (-75/+104) km/s). The virial mass is M(
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication on Astronomy and Astrophysics
Semantic Interaction in Augmented Reality Environments for Microsoft HoloLens
Creators: name: Schüett, Peer
name: Schwarz, Max
name: Behnke, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Augmented Reality is a promising technique for human-machine interaction. Especially in robotics, which always considers systems in their environment, it is highly beneficial to display visualizations and receive user input directly in exactly that environment. We explore this idea using the Microsoft HoloLens, with which we capture indoor environments and display interaction cues with known object classes. The 3D mesh recorded by the HoloLens is annotated on-line, as the user moves, with semantic classes using a projective approach, which allows us to use a state-of-the-art 2D semantic segmentation method. The results are fused onto the mesh; prominent object segments are identified and displayed in 3D to the user. Finally, the user can trigger actions by gesturing at the object. We both present qualitative results and analyze the accuracy and performance of our method in detail on an indoor dataset.
description: ECMR 2019, European Conference on Mobile Robots, HoloLens, 6 pages, 6 figures
Spatial Clustering from GALEX-SDSS samples: Star Formation History and large-scale clustering
Creators: name: Heinis, Sebastien
name: Budavari, Tamas
name: Szalay, Alex S.
name: Arnouts, Stephane
name: Aragon-Calvo, Miguel A.
name: Wyder, Ted K.
name: Barlow, Tom A.
name: Foster, Karl
name: Friedman, Peter G.
name: Martin, D. Christopher
name: Morrissey, Patrick
name: Neff, Susan G.
name: Schiminovich, David
name: Seibert, Mark
name: Bianchi, Luciana
name: Donas, Jose
name: Heckman, Timothy M.
name: Lee, Young-Wook
name: Madore, Barry F.
name: Milliard, Bruno
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Yi, Sukyoung K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the projected spatial correlation function w_p(r_p) from a large sample combining GALEX ultraviolet imaging with the SDSS spectroscopic sample. We study the dependence of the clustering strength for samples selected on (NUV - r)_abs color, specific star formation rate (SSFR), and stellar mass. We find that there is a smooth transition in the clustering of galaxies as a function of this color from weak clustering among blue galaxies to stronger clustering for red galaxies. The clustering of galaxies within the "green valley" has an intermediate strength, and is consistent with that expected from galaxy groups. The results are robust to the correction for dust extinction. The comparison with simple analytical modeling suggests that the halo occupation number increases with older star formation epochs. When splitting according to SSFR, we find that the SSFR is a more sensitive tracer of environment than stellar mass.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; 14 pages, 17 figures, 4 tables
Fotografias e culturas midiáticas contemporâneas
Creators: name: Isabella Chianca Bessa Ribeiro do Valle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: fotografia
cultura visual
visibilidades
imagem técnica,
arte contemporânea

description: O livro reúne reflexões de pesquisadores brasileiros sobre as imagens fotográficas em suas diferentes manifestações, a partir de diferentes epistemologias, nuances, contrastes e tons, ao pensar o papel das fotografias na cultura visual contemporânea, a partir de uma compreensão ampliada de culturas midiáticas.
L’imposta sul valore aggiunto: regime ordinario e regime del margine a confronto. Il caso del mercato dell’arte
Creators: name: Candela, Guido
name: Randon, Emanuela
name: Scorcu, Antonello Eugenio
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: SECS-P/02 Politica economica

description: In letteratura, il confronto tra i metodi di calcolo dell’imposta sul valore aggiunto (regime ordinario e regime del margine) è limitato: si riduce al risultato di equivalenza ottenuto con aliquote identiche e uniformi nelle diverse fasi della produzione e dello scambio. In questo lavoro proponiamo un’analisi comparativa generale per stabilire la desiderabilità di un metodo rispetto all’altro in relazione alla struttura delle aliquote, alla tipologia dei soggetti coinvolti, alle politiche di commercializzazione. I risultati sono applicati per valutare il meccanismo di formazione dei prezzi nel mercato dell’arte. Si propongono degli interventi di riforma per rendere il regime fiscale neutrale e trasparente, incentivando scambi e investimenti.
Cyclic symmetry and adic convergence in LagrangianFloer theory
Creators: name: Fukaya, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D12, 53D40

description: In this paper we use continuous family of multisections of the moduli space of pseudo holomorphic discs to partially improve, in the case of real coefficient, the construction of Lagrangian Floer cohomology of which the author developed jointly with Oh-Ohta-Ono. Namely we associate cyclically symmetric filtered A infinity algebra to every relatively spin Lagrangian submanifold. We use the same trick to construct a local rigid analytic family of filtered A infinity structure associated to a (family of) Lagrangian submanifolds. We include the study of homological algebra of pseudo-isotopy of cyclic (filtered) A infinity algebra.
A Top Dog Tale with Preference Rigidities
Creators: name: Randon, Emanuela
name: Simmons, Peter
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: SECS-P/03 Scienza delle finanze

description: With preference rigidities we find Pareto optima of an exchange economy, some of which involve unconsumed endowments. We show that such Pareto Optima can only be attained as market equilibria if there is a top dog in the initial endowment distribution who is richer than the
other individuals. The most inegalitarian efficient allocation favouring the top dog is globally stable and is in the core. For endowment distributions with a top dog, the core contains efficient allocations more equal than the market equilibrium. A voting mechanism or government policy
can also offset the top dog’s power.
Additional file 1 of Antivirus isoindolinone alkaloids with rare oxocyclopenta[f]isoindole frameworks isolated from the stems of flue cured tobacco
Creators: name: Hu, Qiu-Fen
name: Ma, Yue-Yu
name: Liu, Hua-Yin
name: Dai, Jia-Meng
name: Yang, Feng-Xian
name: Zhang, Jian-Duo
name: Wang, Jin
name: Li, Xue-Mei
name: Liu, Xin
name: Li, Jing
name: Li, Yin-Ke
name: Wang, Wei-Guang
name: Zhou, Min
name: Yang, Guang-Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. 13C and DEPT NMR spectrum tobindole A (1). Figure S2. 1H NMR spectrum of tobindole A (1). Figure S3. HSQC NMR spectrum of tobindole A (1). Figure S4. HMBC NMR spectrum of tobindole A (1). Figure S5. HRMS spectrum of tobindole A (1). Figure S6. UV spectrum of tobindole A (1). Figure S7. IR spectrum of tobindole A (1). Figure S8. 13C and DEPT NMR spectrum tobindole B (2). Figure S9. 1H NMR spectrum of tobindole B (2). Figure S10. HSQC NMR spectrum of tobindole B (2). Figure S11. HMBC NMR spectrum of tobindole B (2). Figure S12. HRMS spectrum of tobindole B (2). Figure S13. UV spectrum of tobindole B (2). Figure S14. IR spectrum of tobindole B (2). Figure S15. 13C and DEPT NMR spectrum tobindole C (3). Figure S16. 1H NMR spectrum of tobindole C (3). Figure S17. HSQC NMR spectrum of tobindole C (3). Figure S18. HMBC NMR spectrum of tobindole C (3). Figure S19. HRMS spectrum of tobindole C (3). Figure S20. UV spectrum of tobindole C (3). Figure S21. IR spectrum of tobindole C (3). Figure S22. 13C and DEPT NMR spectrum tobindole D (4). Figure S23. 1H NMR spectrum of tobindole D (4). Figure S24. HSQC NMR spectrum of tobindole D (4). Figure S25. HMBC NMR spectrum of tobindole D (4). Figure S26. HRMS spectrum of tobindole D (4). Figure S27. UV spectrum of tobindole D (4). Figure S28. IR spectrum of tobindole D (4). Figure S29. The antiviral inhibition rates tested by half-leaf method for ningnanmycin, compounds 1, 3 and 4. Figure S30. The protective effects of compounds 3 and 4 on TMV. Figure S31. Interactions of 1 and TMV-helicase. Figure S32. Interactions of 2 and TMV-helicase. Figure S33. Interactions of 3 and TMV-helicase. Figure S34. Polymers and ligands’ pocket of TMV-helicase. Table S1. Docking score of compounds 1-4 and original ligand in the TMV-Hel structure.
title: Community Wildfire Planning and Design: A Review and Evaluation of Current Policies and Practices in the Western United States
Creators: name: Klein, Carlene C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: Wildland fire is an important and complex issue, particularly in the fire-prone ecosystems of the Western United States. At the same time that the number of catastrophic wildland fires is increasing across the United States, more people are moving in to wildland areas growing the interface between urban and wildlands. Managing wildfire in the Western United States is becoming increasingly more complex and costly as growth and development continues to push the edge of municipalities into undeveloped wildlands. Communities in this wildland urban interface are exacerbating the problem of wildfire in the West.
With more people living in wildfire prone areas and changes facing our climate, the occurrence of catastrophic wildfire in the U.S., particularly in the West, is only expected to increase. It is unrealistic to rely on voluntary actions to address the problem of development in wildfire prone ecosystems. Greater understanding of the ways we can build our communities to live with wildfire and using this understanding to guide planning and design decisions will be necessary to improve community resilience to wildfire in the West. Planners and designers will play a key role because these professionals have unique opportunity to address development in areas at-risk of wildfire before the need or want for development occurs.
In order to improve the resilience of Western communities to wildfire, the current state of wildfire science and planning must be known to identify the gaps between best available science and practice and improve the development of communities at risk of wildfire. Therefore, the first objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive literature review, and the second objective was to use key findings from the literature review to inform a framework to guide planning and design decisions in wildfire prone communities. The intent of the state of the art review was to provide a critical examination of both best available, peer-reviewed wildfire literature and the current strategies communities in the Western United States are employing to address the growing threat of wildland fire.
Knowledge of the benefits and limitations of the current state of community wildfire planning and design in the fire-prone ecosystems of the West helped identify where community resilience could be improved. Beneficial community wildfire planning and design strategies provided the foundation for a planning and design audit. The goal of this audit was to evaluate a community’s preparedness for wildfire, which was assessed based on reduction of losses to life and property. This audit was tested using two Western communities: one that successfully reduced its risk of wildfire and one that was unsuccessful. The wildfire planning and design audit provides a checklist for planners and designers to ensure future growth and development reflects wildfire risk.
Designer peptide–DNA cytoskeletons regulate the function of synthetic cells
Creators: name: Daly, Margaret L.
name: Klawa, Stephen J.
name: Hinton, Kameryn Y.
name: Nishi, Kengo
name: Gao, Yuan
name: Freeman, Ronit
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: The bottom-up engineering of artificial cells requires a reconfigurable cytoskeleton that can organize at distinct locations and dynamically modulate its structural and mechanical properties. Here, inspired by the vast array of actin-binding proteins and their ability to reversibly crosslink or bundle filaments, we have designed a library of peptide–DNA crosslinkers varying in length, valency and geometry. Peptide filaments conjoint through DNA hybridization give rise to tactoid-shaped bundles with tunable aspect ratios and mechanics. When confined in cell-sized water-in-oil droplets, the DNA crosslinker design guides the localization of cytoskeletal structures at the cortex or within the lumen of the synthetic cells. The tunable spatial arrangement regulates the passive diffusion of payloads within the droplets and complementary DNA handles allow for the reversible recruitment and release of payloads on and off the cytoskeleton. Heat-induced reconfiguration of peptide–DNA architectures triggers shape deformations of droplets, regulated by DNA melting temperatures. Altogether, the modular design of peptide–DNA architectures is a powerful strategy towards the bottom-up assembly of synthetic cells.
title: Reproductive Modes of the Least Chub (Iotichthys Phlegethontis - Cope)
Creators: name: Crawford, Marianne
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1979

description: The reproductive biology of the least chub Iotichthys phlegethontis (Cope) was studied from June 1976 to March 1978. Fish from both field and laboratory populations of the Leland Harris Spring Complex, Juab Co., Utah were utilized in the study. Reproduction in 1977 occurred from April to July in the field population and from April through August in the laboratory population.
Reproduction was determined from gross examination and weight measurements of testes and ovaries, breeding coloration in males and diameter measurements of ova.
Males and females matured at about the same size, 28 to 30 mm TL. The number of mature ova produced during spawning ranged from 283 to 2752 for females 31 to 46 mm TL. Mature ova ranged in size from 0.8 to 1.28 mm. Least chub are partial and intermittent spawners. This conclusion is supported by ova diameter measurements and calculations of the duration and peak period of spawning.
Least chub are polyandrous broadcast spawners over vegetation. The eggs are demersal and adhesive. The egg incubation period was 2.1 days at 22.2 C. The eleutheroembryo are approximately 4 mm in length. They are not photophobic and appear to have cement glands. Specific characteristics of reproduction are discussed in relation to ecological conditions of the habitat.
A Study on Correcting the Effect of Polarization Crosstalk in Full-Disk Solar Photospheric Magnetic Fields Observations
Creators: name: Liu, S.
name: Su, J. T.
name: Bai, X. Y.
name: Deng, Y. Y
name: Chen, J.
name: Song, Y. L.
name: Wang, X. F.
name: Xu, H. Q.
name: Yang, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetography using magnetic sensitive lines is regarded traditionally as the main instrument for measuring the magnetic field of the whole Sun. Full polarized Stockes parameters ($I$, $Q$, $U$, $V$) observed can be used to deduce the magnetic field under specific theoretical model or inversion algorithms. Due to various reasons, there are often cross-talk effects among Stokes signals observed directly by magnetographs. Especially, the circular polarized signal $V$ usually affects the linear polarized ones $Q$ and $U$ seriously, which is one of the main errors of the value of the transverse magnetic field (parallel to the solar surface) that is related to $Q$ and $U$. The full-disk magnetograph onboard the Advanced Space based Solar Observatory (ASO-S/FMG) is designed to observe Stockes parameters to deduce the vector magnetic field. In this paper, the methods correcting the effects of cross-talk $V$ to $Q$ and $U$ are based on the assumption of perfectly symmetric Q and U and anti-symmetric Stokes V profiles and a new method to reduce the crosstalk effect under observation mode of FMG is developed. Through the test, it is found that the two methods have better effect in cross-talk removal in the sunspot region, and have better consistency. Addtionally, the developed methodcan be applied to remove the cross-talk effect using only one group of $Q$, $U$ and $V$ images observed at one wavelength position.
description: 27 pages, 15 figures, accepted by SolPhys. 2021
Ground State Magnetic Moments of Mirror Nuclei Studied at NSCL
Creators: name: Mantica, P. F.
name: Minamisono, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Progress in the measurement of the ground state magnetic moments of mirror nuclei at NSCL is presented. The systematic trend of the spin expectation value $$ and the linear behavior of $γ_p$ versus $γ_n$, both extracted from the magnetic moments of mirror partners, are updated to include all available data.
description: Presented at the Zakopane Conference on Nuclear Physics, September 1-7, 2008
title: A Series of Papers on Detecting Examinees who  Used a Flawed Answer Key
Creators: name: Scott, Marcus W.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2018

description: One way that examinees can gain an unfair advantage on a test is by having prior access to the test questions and their answers, known as preknowledge. Determining which examinees had preknowledge can be a difficult task. Sometimes, the compromised test content that examinees use to get preknowledge has mistakes in the answer key. Examinees who had preknowledge can be identified by determining whether they used this flawed answer key. This research consisted of three papers aimed at helping testing programs detect examinees who used a flawed answer key. The first paper developed three methods for detecting examinees who used a flawed answer key. These methods were applied to a real data set with a flawed answer key for which 37 of the 65 answers were incorrect. One requirement for these three methods was that the flawed answer key had to be known. The second paper studied the problem of estimating an unknown flawed answer key. Four methods of estimating the unknown flawed key were developed and applied to real and simulated data. Two of the methods had promising results. The methods of estimating an unknown flawed answer key required comparing examinees’ response patterns, which was a time-consuming process. In the third paper, OpenMP and OpenACC were used to parallelize this process, which allowed for larger data sets to be analyzed in less time.
Probing Dark Photons through Gravitational Decoupling of Mass-State Oscillations in Interstellar Media
Creators: name: Bo, Zhang
name: Cui-Bai, Luo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel mechanism for photon-dark photon mass state oscillations mediated by gravitational separation during propagation through the interstellar medium. This phenomenon establishes a new avenue for the detection of dark matter. By analyzing gravitational lensing data from quasars, we investigate the sensitivity of this approach to dark photons. Our analysis demonstrates constraints of$ε<10^-2$ in the dark photon mass range of $10^{-14}eV$. Furthermore, we propose potential applications of this mechanism to astrophysical systems with strong gravitational fields, such as neutron stars and black hole accretion disks.
description: 7 pages,3 figures
Hybrid Neural Networks for On-device Directional Hearing
Creators: name: Wang, Anran
name: Kim, Maruchi
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Gollakota, Shyamnath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: On-device directional hearing requires audio source separation from a given direction while achieving stringent human-imperceptible latency requirements. While neural nets can achieve significantly better performance than traditional beamformers, all existing models fall short of supporting low-latency causal inference on computationally-constrained wearables. We present DeepBeam, a hybrid model that combines traditional beamformers with a custom lightweight neural net. The former reduces the computational burden of the latter and also improves its generalizability, while the latter is designed to further reduce the memory and computational overhead to enable real-time and low-latency operations. Our evaluation shows comparable performance to state-of-the-art causal inference models on synthetic data while achieving a 5x reduction of model size, 4x reduction of computation per second, 5x reduction in processing time and generalizing better to real hardware data. Further, our real-time hybrid model runs in 8 ms on mobile CPUs designed for low-power wearable devices and achieves an end-to-end latency of 17.5 ms.
A complete characterization of the spectrum of the Kitaev model on spin ladders
Creators: name: Karimipour, Vahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Kitaev model on a ladder network and find the complete spectrum of the Hamiltonian in closed form. Closed and manageable forms for all eigenvalues and eigenvectors, allow us to calculate the partition function and averages of non-local operators in addition to the reduced density matrices of different subsystems at arbitrary temperatures. It is also briefly discussed how these considerations can be generalized to more general lattices, including three-leg ladders and two dimensional square lattices.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, more references added
title: Effect of Silicon on Wheat Growth and Development in Drought and Salinity Stress
Creators: name: Tibbitts, Spencer A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2018

description: Silicon is a major component of most soils, and is found in significant concentration in plant tissue. Plants vary widely in the amount of silicon they take up, with some plants excluding it, and others using transporters to move the silicon from the soil into their roots. Early plant physiology studies were unable to determine conclusively whether silicon was essential to plant growth, but for some plants, most notably rice, it has proved to be important enough to justify fertilizing silicon deficient fields.
Researchers at the USU Crop Physiology Lab tested the effect of silicon on wheat growth and seed yield components. One study was grown in buckets of peat moss, with half the buckets being stressed with low water. The other study was grown in hydroponic tubs, with half the tubs being stressed with high levels of salt.
The results from these studies showed that silicon does increase wheat seed yield and vegetative mass. Wheat with low levels of silicon exhibited twisting of the awns and decreased roughness of leaf surfaces. Silicon also improved water efficiency of drought stressed plants, and affected the concentration of many micro- and macro-nutrients in leaf tissue.
An Investigation into Demographic Disparities in Emergency Department Disposition Decisions
Creators: name: Linthicum, Benjamin
name: Patel, Mehul D
name: Ziya, Serhan
name: Argon, Nilay T
name: Lin, Peter
name: Liu, Yufeng
name: Cheng, Qian
name: Evans, Christopher S
name: Mehrotra, Abhishek
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2024

description: We investigate the presence of health disparities in emergency department (ED) disposition decisions and if crowding levels might have an exacerbating role. Using data from a large, academic ED, we find statistically significant associations between ED disposition decisions and patient sex, race, as well as ethnicity, with male, Caucasian, and non-Hispanic patients being more likely to be admitted to the hospital compared with, respectively, female, African-American, and Hispanic patients. In line with earlier findings in other studies, we find that longer waiting times, suggesting higher levels of ED crowding, is associated with higher rates of admission. Moreover, longer ED wait times modified sex differences, suggesting that the disposition disparity in female patients might be exacerbated when the ED is more crowded.