cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characterization and extraction of rare earth elements from metallurgical coal-based source
Creators: name: Kuppusamy, Vinoth Kumar
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: As global society moves towards a low-carbon economy, secure access to raw materials becomes the key bottleneck in achieving a green transition. Alternative resources such as coal-based materials have been evaluated for rare earth production in recent years to reduce import dependence and diversify production geographically. This study explores the possibility of using metallurgical coal-based materials from the East Kootenay coalfields in British Columbia as a source for rare earth elements (REEs). First, a characterization study was carried out to understand the target REEs and gangue mineralogy. The results showed that the concentration of REEs in the feed material varied between 230 to 314 mg/kg on an ash basis. When subjected to flotation, most of the REEs (by wt.%) were deported to waste streams such as middlings and tailings due to the inorganic (mineral matter) association of REEs. A mineralogical examination found that one of the rare earth-bearing minerals was monazite and indicated the presence of fine-sized multiple rare earth minerals in the sample. Feedstock materials were studied using different leaching techniques. Results demonstrated that acid baking followed by water leaching (ABWL) was the suitable method for extracting REEs for the samples studied. Acid dosages and bake temperature were found to be the most important process variables affecting REE extraction. The kinetic analysis showed that the process was controlled by interfacial transfer and diffusion through product layer, with an apparent activation energy of approximately 15 kJ/mol. The ability to recover REE ions from the leach solution was examined with a modified fruit peel. Results indicated that the new adsorbent was effective in adsorbing REE ions from the solution following the Langmuir isotherm model, with estimated equilibrium maximum adsorption capacities for Y³⁺, La³⁺, Dy³⁺, Er³⁺ of 34.99, 60.51, 65.08, and 66.79 mg/g, respectively. Further, an economic assessment of two process flowsheets examined for REE extraction showed that plant capacity, REE concentration in the feedstock, and price were key parameters affecting project economics. In addition to REEs, the co-production of other valuable elements from the feedstock has the potential to significantly improve the project’s viability on an industrial scale.
Clouds Toward the Virgo Cluster Periphery: Gas-rich Optically Inert Galaxies
Creators: name: Kent, Brian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aperture synthesis observations of two HI cloud complexes located in the periphery of the Virgo galaxy cluster are presented. These low HI-mass clouds ($M_{HI}
description: 20 pages, 6 tables, 8 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
On the normalization of the partition function of Bethe Ansatz systems
Creators: name: Woynarovich, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note I revisit the calculation of partition function of simple one dimensional systems solvable by Bethe Ansatz. Particularly I show that by the precise definition and treatment of the partition function the nontrivial normalization factor proposed in a recent work to give the correct O(1) corrections to the free energy can be derived in a straightforward manner.
description: revtex4.1, 18 pages
Additional file 12 of Cell–cell coupling and DNA methylation abnormal phenotypes in the after-hours mice
Creators: name: Tinarelli, Federico
name: Ivanova, Elena
name: Colombi, Ilaria
name: Barini, Erica
name: Balzani, Edoardo
name: Garcia, Celina Garcia
name: Gasparini, Laura
name: Chiappalone, Michela
name: Kelsey, Gavin
name: Tucci, Valter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 12: Table S6. RT-qPCR primer sequences.
Searching for signals of magnetic lensing in ultra-high energy cosmic rays
Creators: name: Golup, Geraldina
name: Harari, Diego
name: Mollerach, Silvia
name: Roulet, Esteban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-high energy cosmic rays are mostly charged particles and they are therefore deflected by magnetic fields on their path from their sources to Earth. An interesting phenomenon arising from these deflections is the appearance of multiple images of a source, i.e. cosmic rays with the same energy coming from the same source that can arrive to the Earth from different directions. In this work we present a technique to identify secondary images, produced by the regular component of the galactic magnetic field, benefiting from the fact that near caustics the flux is significantly magnified.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, published version
Additional file 3 of Association of admission neutrophil serine proteinases levels with the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Li, Lingzhi
name: Han, Ziping
name: Wang, Rongliang
name: Fan, Junfen
name: Zheng, Yangmin
name: Huang, Yuyou
name: Yang, Zhenhong
name: Yan, Feng
name: Liu, Ping
name: Zhao, Haiping
name: Ma, Qingfeng
name: Luo, Yumin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. The performance of models with and without NSPs for identifying patients with unfavorable outcome at 3 months. Table S2. Bivariate correlation between neutrophil counts and neutrophil elastase (NE), cathepsin G (CTSG), as well as proteinase 3 (PR3) plasma concentrations in the subgroups. Table S3. The Youden index of neutrophils serine proteinases for identifying patients with unfavorable outcome at 3 months in different groups. Table S4. Comparisons of dichotomous neutrophil elastase (NE), and proteinase 3 (PR3) levels according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months in the whole study population (n = 342). Table S5. Logistic regression analysis and additional predictive value of the model including neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (PR3) concentration for patients with unfavorable outcome (mRS > 2) at 3 months in the subgroup of patients with available infarct volume (n = 212). Table S6. Comparisons of neutrophil serine proteinases plasma concentrations between patients eligible for IV recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) or not. Table S7. Comparisons of neutrophil serine proteinases plasma concentrations between patients received bridging therapy or not. Table S8. Demographic and clinical data for the subgroup of patients received IV recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) treatment (n = 119). Table S9. Comparison of dichotomous neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (PR3) levels in the subgroup of patients received rtPA treatment according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Table S10. Correlation between neutrophil serine proteinases plasma concentrations and baseline characteristics in the whole study population (n = 342).
Additional file 1 of Cell–cell coupling and DNA methylation abnormal phenotypes in the after-hours mice
Creators: name: Tinarelli, Federico
name: Ivanova, Elena
name: Colombi, Ilaria
name: Barini, Erica
name: Balzani, Edoardo
name: Garcia, Celina Garcia
name: Gasparini, Laura
name: Chiappalone, Michela
name: Kelsey, Gavin
name: Tucci, Valter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. In vitro synchronization of core clock genes using Dexamethasone. (A) Clock genes mRNA expression of wt primary neurons after synchronization with dexamethasone. Error bars are mean ± standard deviation of 2^DDCT, where the normalization is computed with respect to CT6. Gene expression time courses were fit with the sinusoid f(t) = L + A sin(\phi + 2 \pi /T t) in order to extract periodicity, phase and amplitude of the oscillation. Sinusoidal profiles are overlapped to the expression levels in the figures, fits statistics are reported in Additional file 2: Table S1.
On low-sampling-rate Kramers-Moyal coefficients
Creators: name: Anteneodo, C.
name: Queiros, S. M. Duarte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We analyze the impact of the sampling interval on the estimation of Kramers-Moyal coefficients. We obtain the finite-time expressions of these coefficients for several standard processes. We also analyze extreme situations such as the independence and no-fluctuation limits that constitute useful references. Our results aim at aiding the proper extraction of information in data-driven analysis.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Attrition Risk and Resilience Among Sexual Minority College Students
Creators: Mancini, Olivia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Social service
Educational evaluation
Gay and lesbian studies
Sexual minorities

description: Retention is one of the most frequently studied issues regarding college students. Most of this research has focused on majority college students, e.g., White, middle-class. More recently, retention literature has expanded to look at reasons why minority (e.g., non-White, disabled) college students decide to stay at or leave a university. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) students, however, remain an under-acknowledged and little-studied group in retention literature. This article seeks to demonstrate how sexual minority students are at high risk of attrition and why this group deserves research devoted to reducing this risk. This article also discusses how changes to college policy can improve the campus climate and quality of life for LGBT students.
Additional file 11 of Cell–cell coupling and DNA methylation abnormal phenotypes in the after-hours mice
Creators: name: Tinarelli, Federico
name: Ivanova, Elena
name: Colombi, Ilaria
name: Barini, Erica
name: Balzani, Edoardo
name: Garcia, Celina Garcia
name: Gasparini, Laura
name: Chiappalone, Michela
name: Kelsey, Gavin
name: Tucci, Valter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 11: Table S7. Math inspector table of ROR family binding sites.
Child care and early education for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) families: Research-to-policy resources
Creators: Ferguson, Daniel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Child care
Early childhood education
Sexual minorities' families
Sexual minorities

description: This Research-to-Policy Resource List compiles empirical research on American LGBT families' experiences with ECE and providers' experiences and preparation for working with LGBT families. The three reviews that begin the list summarize the research literature published through 2012. The remaining resources on the list include the research literature published after the period covered by those reviews. They have been divided into those that focus on LGBT families and those that focus on providers.
Searching for sterile neutrinos in ice
Creators: name: Razzaque, Soebur
name: Smirnov, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oscillation interpretation of the results from the LSND, MiniBooNE and some other experiments requires existence of sterile neutrino with mass $\sim 1$ eV and mixing with the active neutrinos $|U_{μ0}|^2 \sim (0.02 - 0.04)$. It has been realized some time ago that existence of such a neutrino affects significantly the fluxes of atmospheric neutrinos in the TeV range which can be tested by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. In view of the first IceCube data release we have revisited the oscillations of high energy atmospheric neutrinos in the presence of one sterile neutrino. Properties of the oscillation probabilities are studied in details for various mixing schemes both analytically and numerically. The energy spectra and angular distributions of the $ν_μ-$events have been computed for the simplest $ν_s-$mass, and $ν_s - ν_μ$ mixing schemes and confronted with the IceCube data. An illustrative statistical analysis of the present data shows that in the $ν_s-$mass mixing case the sterile neutrinos with parameters required by LSND/MiniBooNE can be excluded at about $3σ$ level. The $ν_s- ν_μ$ mixing scheme, however, can not be ruled out with currently available IceCube data.
description: 41 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in JHEP. Minor changes from the previous version
Brief: Amicus Curiae Brief of NOW Legal Defense and Education Fund and Equal Rights Advocates in Support of Plaintiff-appellant and in Support of Reversal
Creators: Franke, Katherine M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Civil rights
subject: Sex discrimination
subject: Civil law
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Gay and lesbian studies
subject: Sexual minorities

description: By dismissing the plaintiffs complaint under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act ("ECOA") on the ground that "the issue in this case is not [Rosa's] sex, but rather how he chose to dress when applying for a loan", the lower court erroneously established that there are no set of facts in which clothing-based sex stereotyping can form the basis of a legitimate claim of sex discrimination in access to credit. This view of the meaning and scope of the ECOA runs contrary to well-established Supreme Court precedent which prohibits, interalia, the adverse treatment of a man or a woman for his or her failure to conform to traditional sex stereotypes-whether it be the expectation that men should be breadwinners, or that women should be feminine. Further, to rule, as did the lower court, that stereotypes associated with proper "men's" and "women's" clothing is a matter separate and apart from sex discrimination, is to ignore the significant role that dress reform has played in efforts to achieve gender equality for women- from rejecting the wearing of corsets to demands to be permitted to wear trousers in the workplace. Further, the lower court's ruling denies a large body of psychological research that demonstrates the cognitive role that clothing plays in the use of sex stereotypes in the workplace and other market settings. Thus, the lower court erred in holding, as a matter of law, that there can be no relation between clothing-based sex stereotypes and sex discrimination under the ECOA.
Acceleration and Particle Field Interactions of Cosmic Rays II: Calculations
Creators: name: Tawfik, A.
name: Saleh, A.
name: Ghoneim, M. T.
name: Hady, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the generic acceleration model, which suggests different types of electromagnetic interactions between the cosmic charged particles and the different configurations of the electromagnetic (plasma) fields, the ultra high energy cosmic rays are studied. The plasma fields are assumed to vary, spatially and temporally. The well-known Fermi accelerations are excluded. Seeking for simplicity, it is assumed that the energy loss due to different physical processes is negligibly small. The energy available to the plasma sector is calculated in four types of electromagnetic fields. It has been found that the drift in a time--varying magnetic field is extremely energetic. The energy scale widely exceeds the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) cutoff. The polarization drift in a time--varying electric field is also able to raise the energy of cosmic rays to an extreme value. It can be compared with the Hillas mechanism. The drift in a spatially--varying magnetic field is almost as strong as the polarization drift. The curvature drift in a non--uniform magnetic field and a vanishing electric field is very weak.
description: 7 pages, 1 table, no figure
Neutral and cationic indium complexes for the synthesis of functionalized monomers and polymers
Creators: name: Jung, Hyuk Joon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Many efforts have been made to develop sustainable polymers that are functional as well as ultimately degradable in response to worldwide plastic pollution. Accordingly, these have prompted the development of new catalytic systems that can actively and selectively polymerize a variety of monomers. One excellent candidate is indium-based catalysts because of its low toxicity, functional group tolerance, and exceptional stability toward air and moisture. Herein, a series of neutral and cationic indium complexes were synthesized and their reactivities were explored for polymer synthesis. Monometallic cationic indium alkyl complex supported by a chiral amino-imino phenolate ligand catalyzed the highly selective coupling of epoxides and lactones to form spiroorthoesters. The quantitative conversion of both substrates allowed the synthesis of a series of functionalized spiroorthoesters by expanding the substrate scope to epoxides with various functional groups and lactones with different ring sizes. The double ring-opening polymerization of spiroorthoesters with analogous cationic indium alkyl complex resulted in the formation of the perfectly alternating copolymer of epoxide and lactone, poly(ether-alt-ester), which could be further modified via post-polymerization cross-linking and degraded in a basic medium. The reactivity of monometallic neutral and cationic indium alkyl complexes supported by a chiral diamino phenolate or a chiral amino-imino phenolate ligand was investigated for homopolymerization of methyl methacrylate and cyclic esters. The neutral complexes were active in the homopolymerizations of those monomers, whereas the cationic complexes only catalyzed one of those polymerizations depending on the counterions. In addition, block copolymers of methyl methacrylate with racemic lactide or epsilon-caprolactone were obtained via sequential copolymerizations with the neutral complex. Finally, bimetallic neutral and cationic indium complexes tethered by a binaphthol linker were investigated for homopolymerization of racemic lactide and copolymerization of CO₂ and cyclohexene oxide. A comparison of reactivity revealed that bimetallic complexes outperformed monometallic complexes, and the superior reactivity of the bimetallic system could be explained by cooperation between two indium centers, attributed to optimal In−In spacing and flexible distance by the binaphthol linker. These results are the first examples of tethered indium complexes acting cooperatively and show the potential of tethered indium complexes as promising catalysts for polymerization application.
Optimal execution strategy in the presence of permanent price impact and fixed transaction cost
Creators: name: Junca, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 91G80, 93E20, 49L25

description: We study a single risky financial asset model subject to price impact and transaction cost over an infinite horizon. An investor needs to execute a long position in the asset affecting the price of the asset and possibly incurring in fixed transaction cost. The objective is to maximize the discounted revenue obtained by this transaction. This problem is formulated first as an impulse control problem and we characterize the value function using the viscosity solutions framework. We also analyze the case where there is no transaction cost and how this formulation relates with a singular control problem. A viscosity solution characterization is provided in this case as well. We also establish a connection between both formulations with zero fixed transaction cost. Numerical examples with different types of price impact conclude the discussion.
Additional file 4 of Cell–cell coupling and DNA methylation abnormal phenotypes in the after-hours mice
Creators: name: Tinarelli, Federico
name: Ivanova, Elena
name: Colombi, Ilaria
name: Barini, Erica
name: Balzani, Edoardo
name: Garcia, Celina Garcia
name: Gasparini, Laura
name: Chiappalone, Michela
name: Kelsey, Gavin
name: Tucci, Valter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S3. OPN4 and methylation enzymes levels are differentially expressed in several brain areas of Afh/Afh animals between zt0 and zt12. (A) Relative expression of OPN4 in the Retina normalized to multiple housekeeping genes at the two different time points, ZT0 and ZT12. (B) RT-qPCR of methylation-mediating enzymes in the Hypothalamus at the two different time points, ZT0 and ZT12. (C) RT-qPCR of methylation-mediating enzymes in the Retina at the two different time points, ZT0 and ZT12. All expression levels in A–C are normalized to those of multiple housekeeping genes. All bars represent the average ± SEM for at least two different experiments (minimum n = 3 for each genotype at each time point). * p
Additional file 13 of Cell–cell coupling and DNA methylation abnormal phenotypes in the after-hours mice
Creators: name: Tinarelli, Federico
name: Ivanova, Elena
name: Colombi, Ilaria
name: Barini, Erica
name: Balzani, Edoardo
name: Garcia, Celina Garcia
name: Gasparini, Laura
name: Chiappalone, Michela
name: Kelsey, Gavin
name: Tucci, Valter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13: Table S2. RRBS primer sequences.
Closing Protection Gaps: Evaluation of ORAM’s Training Program on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity for Refugee Professionals
Creators: Pizmony-Levy, Oren
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Professional employees--Training of
Group relations training
Sexual minority political refugees
Gay and lesbian studies
Sexual minorities

description: Over the past decade, national and transnational organizations have advanced the cause of individuals who seek international protection from persecution based on their sexual orientation and gender identity and expression (SOGIE). To help actualize the vision of international protection from SOGIE-based persecution, the Organization for Refuge, Asylum, and Migration (ORAM) developed and designed a two-day workshop for professionals. This workshop, which is titled Sexual and Gender Minorities: What Refugee Professionals Need to Know and Do, is intended to professionalize frontline workers for engagement with and protection of refugees fleeing from SOGIE-based persecution. The workshop was implemented in 13 countries: Australia, India, Israel, Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, Malta, New Zealand, Senegal, Switzerland, Trinidad, Turkey, and the United States. Several of these countries are considered to be hostile environments for LGBTI individuals.
title: 1st Workshop on Avionics Systems and Software Engineering (AVIOSE'19)
Creators: name: Annighöfer, Björn
name: Schweiger, Andreas
name: Reich, Marina
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: avionics
subject: systems engineering
subject: software engineering
subject: formal methods
subject: model-based
subject: requirements
subject: qualification
subject: certification
subject: simulation
subject: processes

description: Companies are struggling with the complexity of digital avionics systems. Millions of man months are required for the development of digital airborne systems. Moreover, the complexity of functions, the number of vehicles, and systems continuously rises. There is a high demand for more efficient methods and tools of systems and software engineering. The AVIOSE workshop establishes a new forum for the exchange for the people working on simplifying, shortening, and maturing the creation of avionics systems.
Bahuchara Mata
Creators: Kanodia, Kunal
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Worship (Hinduism)
Transgender people
Hindu goddesses
Religion
Gay and lesbian studies
Sexual minorities

description: This paper seeks to explore who Bahuchara Mata is, and what she means for the hijras of Gujarat. In this context, I will be exploring the manner in which her worship and significance legitimize the social roles of her worshippers, primarily the hijras. I will be discussing the prominent myths surrounding Bahuchara Mata, and what these imply for the intersecting identities of gender and class. I will then be exploring what the processes of Brahmanization and Sanskritization mean for the worship of Bahuchara Mata, and more importantly, how do her devotees react to this. I will be discussing the distinct differences in the iconographies of the Goddess between calendar art depictions, and hijra depictions. I will then go on to talk about other myths of Bahuchara Mata, and what this implies for her intervention in the lives of her devotees. I will be also discussing the context of the Becharaji, which is the main pilgrimage spot for hijra devotees of Bahuchara Mata. This will lead into a discussion of the legal rights of the hijra community, and how the worship of Bahuchara Mata plays a role in the fight for LGBTQ rights. The paper is interspaced with interview accounts from members of the hijra community, whose invaluable inputs were essential for the research. I have attached two appendices – Appendix I contains two images that might be useful for reference, while Appendix II contains the Hindi transcriptions of interviews with community members.
Special L-values of Drinfeld modules
Creators: name: Taelman, Lenny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R58, 11G09

description: We state and prove a formula for a certain value of the Goss L-function of a Drinfeld module. This gives characteristic-p-valued function field analogues of the class number formula and of the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture. The formula and its proof are presented in an entirely self-contained fashion.
description: to appear in Annals of Mathematics
An examination of the animal-industrial complex through a biopolitical framework
Creators: name: Gordon, Taylor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: In my thesis, I integrate Michel Foucault’s theory of biopower and biopolitics to analyse the systems of power that enable the animal-industrial complex, inclusive of the slaughterhouse, factory farm, and “humane” farm. First termed by Noske (1989), the animal-industrial complex is defined by normalising the institutionalised exploitation of animals as commodities. Specifically, I present the slaughterhouse as a modern representation of the Panopticon, a polyvalent disciplinary apparatus in the form of a prison designed by Jeremy Bentham in the eighteenth century. The panoptic metaphor is useful to illustrate how the concealment of violence through spatial and labour divisions, racialized employee selection, and hierarchized roles of authority and surveillance work to support animal-based agriculture in Canada. Additionally, I detail the ways that the animal-industrial complex is sustained by Canadian constitutional law. I analyse Canadian Ag-gag legislation, federal laws that arguably silence whistleblowers from exposing industrialised animal cruelty, to emphasize the linked repercussions in the areas of food safety standards, public health, and the ethical irresponsibility of killing animals for human gain. To support this argument, I scrutinise the animals-as-property model, which, according to Canadian anti-cruelty laws under the Criminal Code, allows humans to use animals as long as they do not inflict unnecessary suffering on the animal. The exploitation of animals within the animal-industrial complex is linked to a myriad of consequences that are aggravating a worldwide environmental crisis fueled by climate change, pollution, and species extinction. In the midst of a zoonotic pandemic and the Anthropocene, the implications of my thesis are of critical concern in the contemporary moment—to say nothing of concern for the growing, unfathomable number of animals confined, dominated, and slaughtered each year in the animal-industrial complex for the sole purpose of human gain.
Ban the ban: A scientific and cultural analysis of the FDA’s ban on blood donations from men who have sex with men
Creators: Berkman, R. T. Winston
Zhou, Li
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Medicine
Medical ethics
Medical sciences
Health services administration
Medical care
Public health
Public policy (Law)
Public administration
Gay and lesbian studies
Sexual minorities

description: In recent years, the Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transsexual Queer (LGBTQ) community has experienced a number of triumphs. From the end of the military’s “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” policy to the repeal of the Defense of Marriage Act, the political and social landscape in the United States is becoming more inclusive of homosexuality.1 While there still remain many discriminatory practices, a particularly egregious one is the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) ban on blood donations by men who have sex with men. In addition to being societally regressive, this policy frustrates efforts to overcome the nation’s blood shortage. In May 2015, the FDA released a draft guidance document suggesting a shift from the existing lifetime ban to a twelve-month deferral period. While this is a progressive step in the right direction, the new regulation would require donors to remain celibate for twelve months prior to donation, which maintains the categorical association between gay sex, risky sex, and HIV. This updated policy is as discriminatory as the lifetime ban and will not significantly increase the number of eligible donors. A shift away from a categorical and unnecessary ban towards a systematic and scientifically based series of tests and screenings that focus on indicators of risky sex would grow America’s pool of blood donors without increasing the risk of transfusion-related transmission of HIV. Support within the academic community and populations unaffected by the ban would be effective strategies to challenge and ultimately demand the ban’s complete removal.
How AGN feedback and metal cooling shape cluster entropy profiles
Creators: name: Dubois, Yohan
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Teyssier, Romain
name: Slyz, Adrianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observed clusters of galaxies essentially come in two flavors: non cool core clusters characterized by an isothermal temperature profile and a central entropy floor, and cool-core clusters where temperature and entropy in the central region are increasing with radius. Using cosmological resimulations of a galaxy cluster, we study the evolution of its intracluster medium (ICM) gas properties, and through them we assess the effect of different (sub-grid) modelling of the physical processes at play, namely gas cooling, star formation, feedback from supernovae and active galactic nuclei (AGN). More specifically we show that AGN feedback plays a major role in the pre-heating of the proto-cluster as it prevents a high concentration of mass from collecting in the center of the future galaxy cluster at early times. However, AGN activity during the cluster's later evolution is also required to regulate the mass flow into its core and prevent runaway star formation in the central galaxy. Whereas the energy deposited by supernovae alone is insufficient to prevent an overcooling catastrophe, supernovae are responsible for spreading a large amount of metals at high redshift, enhancing the cooling efficiency of the ICM gas. As the AGN energy release depends on the accretion rate of gas onto its central black hole engine, the AGN responds to this supernova enhanced gas accretion by injecting more energy into the surrounding gas, and as a result increases the amount of early pre-heating. We demonstrate that the interaction between an AGN jet and the ICM gas that regulates the growth of the AGN's BH, can naturally produce cool core clusters if we neglect metals. However, as soon as metals are allowed to contribute to the radiative cooling, only the non cool core solution is produced.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Contracting Female Marriage in Anthony Trollope's Can You Forgive Her?
Creators: Marcus, Sharon
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Marriage in literature
English literature
Gay and lesbian studies
Sexual minorities
Women's studies

description: This essay demonstrates that Anthony Trollope was one of several Victorians aware of "female marriage," a term that Elizabeth Barrett Browning used to describe committed unions between women. After establishing that Trollope knew women in female marriages at the time that he was composing his novel Can You Forgive Her? (1864-65), the essay analyzes how female marriage inscribes itself within the form of the marriage plot. Trollope's novel aligns female marriage with contractual marriage, associated with feminist demands to make unions between men and women more egalitarian as well as dissoluble. The novel works to discredit contractual forms of marriage and to celebrate indissoluble hierarchical marriage by associating the first with primitive savagery, the second with an ideal of civilization that can accommodate male violence.
title: A Unified Lattice Model and Framework for Purity Analyses
Creators: name: Helm, Dominik
name: Kübler, Florian
name: Eichberg, Michael
name: Reif, Michael
name: Mezini, Mira
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Purity
subject: Side-effects
subject: Static Analysis
subject: Lattice
subject: Java

description: This paper was presented in 2018 at the 33rd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Automated Software Engineering and proposes a framework for purity analyses. Analyzing methods in object-oriented programs whether they are side-effect free and also deterministic, i.e., mathematically pure, has been the target of extensive research. Identifying such methods helps to find code smells and security related issues, and helps analyses detecting concurrency bugs. Pure methods are further used for formal specifications and proving the pureness is necessary to ensure correct specifications. However, no common terminology exists which describes the purity of methods. Furthermore, some terms (e.g., pure or side-effect free) are used inconsistently. Further, all current approaches only report selected purity information making them only suitable for a smaller subset of the potential use cases. We present a fine-grained unified lattice model which puts the purity levels found in the literature into relation and which adds a new level that generalizes existing definitions. We have also implemented a scalable, modularized purity analysis which produces significantly more precise results for real-world programs than the best-performing related work. The analysis shows that all defined levels are found in real-world projects.
The topological K-theory of certain crystallographic groups
Creators: name: Davis, James F.
name: Lueck, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19L47, 46L80, 53C21

description: Let Gamma be a semidirect product of the form Z^n rtimes Z/p where p is prime and the Z/p-action on Z^n is free away from the origin. We will compute the topological K-theory of the real and complex group C*-algebra of Gamma and show that Gamma satisfies the unstable Gromov-Lawson-Rosenberg Conjecture. On the way we will analyze the (co-)homology and the topological K-theory of the classifying spaces BGamma and underbar{B}Gamma. The latter is the quotient of the induced Z/p-action on the torus T^n.
description: 46 pages. Final version. Accepted for publication in the Journal of Noncommutative Geometry
Comparative Sapphism
Creators: Marcus, Sharon
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: French literature
British literature
Comparative literature
Gay and lesbian studies
Sexual minorities
Women's studies

description: Comparative studies of British and French literature have paid little attention to sapphism even though critics have long defined the difference between the two national literatures as sexual, particularly with respect to the novel. For most comparatists the sexual difference between nineteenth-century British and French literature is exclusively heterosexual: against the staid British novel of courtship throbs the French novel of adultery. But the lack of any British counterpart to the sapphism that thrived in France shows that the difference between the two literatures is also homosexual. With respect to heterosexuality, nineteenth-century French and British novels offer a contrast between two kinds of presence; with respect to sapphism, the contrast is between presence and absence. It would thus seem that the critic who compares nineteenth-century French and British sapphism is in the paradoxical position of comparing something to nothing.
Thermohaline mixing and the photospheric composition of low-mass giant stars
Creators: name: Wachlin, F. C.
name: Bertolami, M. M. Miller
name: Althaus, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute full evolutionary sequences of red giant branch stars close to the luminosity bump by including state of the art composition transport prescriptions for the thermohaline mixing regimes. In particular we adopt a self-consistent double-diffusive convection theory, that allows to handle the instabilities that arise when thermal and composition gradients compete against each other, and a very recent empirically motivated and parameter free asymptotic scaling law for thermohaline composition transport. In agreement with previous works, we find that during the red giant stage, a thermohaline instability sets in shortly after the hydrogen burning shell (HBS) encounters the chemical discontinuity left behind by the first dredge-up. We also find that the thermohaline unstable region, initially appearing at the exterior wing of the HBS, is unable to reach the outer convective envelope, with the consequence that no mixing of elements that produces a non-canonical modification of the stellar surface abundances occurs. Also in agreement with previous works, we find that by artificially increasing the mixing efficiency of thermohaline regions it is possible to connect both unstable regions, thus affecting the photospheric composition. However, we find that in order to reproduce the observed abundances of red giant branch stars close to the luminosity bump, thermohaline mixing efficiency has to be artificially increased by about 4 orders of magnitude from that predicted by recent 3D numerical simulations of thermohaline convection close to astrophysical environments. From this we conclude the chemical abundance anomalies of red giant stars cannot be explained on the basis of thermohaline mixing alone.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
title: Positive affect through interactions in meetings: The role of proactive and supportive statements
Creators: name: Schneider, Kurt
name: Klünder, Jil
name: Kortum, Fabian
name: Handke, Lisa
name: Straube, Julia
name: Kauffeld, Simone
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Positive group affect tone (PGAT)
subject: proactive and supportive statements
subject: empirical study

description: Meetings often dominate software projects. Despite frequent dissatisfaction within meetings, many software engineers are not aware of the crucial importance about their behavior. This can set the tone for the entire project and influence the success. In a study based on 32 student development teams with 155 participants, we observed the participants’ interactions during the first internal team meeting. Analyzing the observations showed that constructive remarks had a positive impact on positive group affect tone. However, this effect can only be observed when supportive utterances followed constructive remarks. In the article, we show a complete mediation of this statistically significant effect, e.g., about seemingly subtle interaction patterns that influence group affect tone. We also propose practical interventions on how software projects could benefit from supportive meeting behavior. This summary refers to the article “Positive affect through interactions in meetings: The role of proactive and supportive statements” [Sc18] published in the Journal of Systems & Software in 2018 (vol. 143).
Additional file 1 of Changes of cardiac output and velocity time integral in blood return at the end of renal replacement therapy predict fluid responsiveness in critically Ill patients with acute circulatory failure
Creators: name: Huang, Daozheng
name: Ma, Jie
name: Wang, Shouhong
name: Qin, Tiehe
name: Song, Feier
name: Hou, Tieying
name: Ma, Huan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
title: Designing an App that promotes Sustainable Mobility - Agile and user-centered development of an app and corresponding business model
Creators: name: Helferich, Andreas
name: Peine, Katharina
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2019

description: In diesem Beitrag, der auf einer bestehenden Veröffentlichung der Autoren beruht und diese erweitert (myQommute — An App as Sustainable Mobility Concept – Autoren: K. Peine, A. Helferich, Proceedings der 2018 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC)), wird die Konzeption einer App beschrieben, welche darauf abzielt, durch Pendler verursachte Staus zu verringern. Da eine solche App nur Erfolg haben kann, wenn sie von einer breiten Masse an Nutzern verwendet wird, sind die User Experience sowie das hinter der App stehende Geschäftsmodell von großer Bedeutung und wurden im Projekt intensiv betrachtet. Das Paper beschreibt insb. die Vorgehensweise, also den Prozess der Entwicklung der App sowie des Geschäftsmodells. Zudem werden die Funktionen der App und die Abgrenzung zu bestehenden Angeboten am Markt aufgezeigt
title: Testing Balancedness of ML Algorithms
Creators: name: Sharma, Arnab
name: Wehrheim, Heike
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2019

description: With the increased application of machine learning (ML) algorithms to decision-making processes, the question of fairness of such algorithms came into the focus. Fairness testing aims at checking whether a classifier as “learned” by an ML algorithm on some training data is biased in the sense of discriminating against some of the attributes (e.g. gender or age). Fairness testing thus targets the prediction phase in ML, not the learning phase. In our approach, we investigate fairness for the learning phase. Our definition of fairness is based on the idea that the learner should treat all data in the training set equally, disregarding issues like names or orderings of features or orderings of data instances. We term this property balanced data usage. We have developed a (metamorphic) testing approach called TiLe for checking balanced data usage and report on some experiments of using TiLe to check classifiers from the scikit-learn library for balancedness.
title: Understanding Parameters of Deductive Verification: An Empirical Investigation of KeY
Creators: name: Knüppel, Alexander
name: Thüm, Thomas
name: Pardylla, Carsten Immanuel
name: Schaefer, Ina
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Deductive Verification
subject: Design by Contract
subject: Formal Methods
subject: Theorem Proving
subject: KeY
subject: Control Parameters
subject: Automated Reasoning

description: As formal verification of software systems is a complex task comprising many algorithms and heuristics, modern theorem provers offer numerous parameters that are to be selected by a user to control how a piece of software is verified. Evidently, the number of parameters even increases with each new release. One challenge is that default parameters are often insufficient to close proofs automatically and are not optimal in terms of verification effort. The verification phase becomes hardly accessible for non-experts, who typically must follow a time-consuming trial-and-error strategy to choose the right parameters even for trivial pieces of software. To aid users of deductive verification, we apply machine learning techniques to empirically investigate which parameters and combinations thereof impair or improve provability and verification effort. We exemplify our procedure on the deductive verification system KeY 2.6.1 and specified extracts of OpenJDK, and formulate 53 hypotheses of which only three have been rejected. We identified parameters that represent a trade-off between high provability and low verification effort, enabling the possibility to prioritize the selection of a parameter for either direction. Our insights give tool builders a better understanding of their control parameters and constitute a stepping stone towards automated deductive verification and better applicability of verification tools for non-experts.
Additional file 6 of Cell–cell coupling and DNA methylation abnormal phenotypes in the after-hours mice
Creators: name: Tinarelli, Federico
name: Ivanova, Elena
name: Colombi, Ilaria
name: Barini, Erica
name: Balzani, Edoardo
name: Garcia, Celina Garcia
name: Gasparini, Laura
name: Chiappalone, Michela
name: Kelsey, Gavin
name: Tucci, Valter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Figure S5. Dissected SCN showed specific marker expression. (A) SCN dissection validation using RT-qPCR of a specific SCN marker gene Six6 in SCN, striatum and hippocampus (n = 3 per tissue). (B) Six6 expression levels in Afh/Afh and +/+ SCN samples (n = 3 per genotype). (A–B) The bars represent the average values ± SEMs. *** p