Prevalence of Autism Spectrum disorder in  18 to 24  months of age by MCHAT screening
Creators: name: Indian Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics (Official Journal of IAP Chapter of Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics)
Publisher: name: IAP Chapter of Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics
Year: 2024

description: (34) April 2024 | Volume 2  |  Issue 2      Aadarsh Pvt. Ltd.Indian Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics (Official Journal of IAP Chapter of Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics)Abstract   BackgroundAutism     spectrum     disorder     (ASD)     is     a neurodevelopmental     condition     marked     by challenges  in  social  communication  and  the presence  of  restricted  interests  and  repetitive behaviors.   With   the   DSM-5,   ASD   is   now conceptualized    as    a    spectrum    diagnosis, consolidating        the        separate        pervasive developmental     disorder     (PDD)     diagnoses from  the  DSM-IV,  including  autistic  disorder, Asperger’s   disorder,   childhood   disintegrative disorder,  and  pervasive  developmental  disorder not  otherwise  specified  (PDD-NOS),  into  one. Notably,  Rett  syndrome  is  no  longer  classified under  ASD  in  DSM-5,  being  recognized  as  a distinct  neurological  disorder.  ASD  profoundly impacts an individual’s social interaction abilities and  communication  skills.  Those  with  autism commonly   experience   difficulties   in   social interactions  and  exhibit  repetitive  and  restricted patterns  of  behavior,  interests,  and  activities, which can vary in severity along the spectrum.MethodsThe    present    study    was    a    cross-sectional retrospective study of children who were between 18 months to 24 months of age attending Pediatric AuthorsDr Sahil Mittal 1 , Dr Manmeet Kaur Sodhi 2 , Dr Manbir Singh 3 ,Gurmehar Kaur Bajwa 41. Junior Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Government Medical College, Amritsar.2. Prof and Head, Department of Paediatrics, Government Medical College, Amritsar.3. Senior Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Government Medical College, Amritsar4. Student, Faculty of Arts (Psychology), University of AlbertaCorresponding address: Dr Manbir SinghSenior Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Government Medical College, AmritsarEmail : verkamanbir@yahoo.inPrevalence of Autism Spectrum disorder in 18 to 24  months of age by MCHAT screeningWebsite :Quick Response Code:DOI :Access this article online :https://ijdbp.inhttps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10547296OPD  at  GMC  Amritsar  and  were  assessed  for autism  spectrum  disorder  using  the  M-CHAT-R scale (by recall memory of parents).The data was tabulated  in  Microsoft  Excel  and  analyzed  with SPSS V.24 software.ResultsIn  the  present  study,  the  majority  of  the  cases were  having  age  of  18  months  which  included 226 (32.3%) followed by 24 months having 175 (25%) and 20 months that had 144 (20.6%) cases. 105 (15%) cases had age of 20 months. The least no of cases 06 (0.85%) had the age of 21 months. The mean age of the cases is 20.66 months. 379 (54.14%) were males while 321 (45.86%) were females. The male-to-female ratio was 1.2:1.ConclusionCertainly,  it  is  imperative  to  conduct  national Indian Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics (Official Journal of IAP Chapter of Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics)epidemiological    studies    utilizing    alternative approaches  to  discern  the  trends  in  Autism Spectrum      Disorder      (ASD)      prevalence. Continuing  research  endeavors  to  thoroughly grasp the mechanisms underlying these structural abnormalities and how they evolve over time.This survey has the potential to facilitate the creation of an effective collaborative program between the government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Early identification of ASD in children could  pave  the  way  for  timely  interventions, enabling  these  individuals  to  make  significant contributions  to  society  and  the  nation  through proper training and education. It is acknowledged that  a  larger  sample  size  may  be  necessary  for the  study  to  more  confidently  determine  the prevalence of autism in very young children.