cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Congenital Disorders and Anatomical Variations of the Thoracic Aorta.
Creators: name: Cambronero Gómez, Jennifer
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Congenital
subject: Normal variants
subject: eLearning
subject: Education
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Vascular
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Arteries / Aorta

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Cross-sectional imaging is indicated to detail the vascular anatomy and for the pre-surgical planning. Therefore, for an accurate interpretation of the imaging findings is necessaryto understand the anatomy and theembryology. These are the...
Factores Asociados a la Higiene Menstrual - Protocolo de una revisión de alcance
Creators: name: Fonseca, Juan
name: Acosta Ruiz, Nicolás
name: Gualdron, Lucy
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Women's Health
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Other Nursing
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Género y Salud
subject: Higiene Menstrual
subject: Menstruación
subject: Políticas Públicas de Salud
subject: Productos de Higiene Menstrual
subject: Salud Sexual y Reproductiva

description: El protocolo de esta revisión, tiene como objetivo comprender el alcance y el tipo de evidencia sobre los factores asociados a la higiene menstrual, las causas, las consecuencias e implicaciones en la salud de las mujeres y personas menstruantes.
The scenario-based generalization of radiation therapy margins
Creators: name: Fredriksson, Albin
name: Bokrantz, Rasmus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a scenario-based treatment plan optimization formulation that is equivalent to planning with geometric margins if the scenario doses are calculated using the static dose cloud approximation. If the scenario doses are instead calculated more accurately, then our formulation provides a novel robust planning method that overcomes many of the difficulties associated with previous scenario-based robust planning methods. In particular, our method protects only against uncertainties that can occur in practice, it gives a sharp dose fall-off outside high dose regions, and it avoids underdosage of the target in ``easy'' scenarios. The method shares the benefits of the previous scenario-based robust planning methods over geometric margins for applications where the static dose cloud approximation is inaccurate, such as irradiation with few fields and irradiation with ion beams. These properties are demonstrated on a suite of phantom cases planned for treatment with scanned proton beams subject to systematic setup uncertainty.
title: 4,5,7-Trisubstituted indeno[1,2-b]indole inhibits CK2 activity in tumor cells equivalent to CX-4945 and shows strong anti-migratory effects
Creators: name: Birus, Robin
name: El-Awaad, Ehab
name: Ballentin, Laurens
name: Alchab, Faten
name: Aichele, Dagmar
name: Ettouati, Laurent
name: Götz, Claudia
name: Le Borgne, Marc
name: Jose, Joachim
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemistry and allied sciences

description: Highly pleiotropic and constitutively active protein kinase CK2 is a key target in cancer therapy, but only one small-molecule inhibitor has reached clinical trials—CX-4945. In this study, we present the indeno[1,2-b]indole derivative 5-isopropyl-4-methoxy-7-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroindeno[1,2-b]indole-9,10-dione (5a-2) that decreased the intracellular CK2 activity in A431, A549, and LNCaP tumor cell lines analogous to CX-4945 (> 75% inhibition at 20 µm) and similarly blocked CK2-specific Akt phosphorylation in LNCaP cells. Cellular uptake analysis demonstrated higher intracellular concentrations of 5a-2 (408.3 nm) compared with CX-4945 (119.3 nm). This finding clarifies the comparable effects of both compounds on the intracellular CK2 activity despite their different inhibitory potency in vitro [IC50 = 25 nm (5a-2) and 3.7 nm (CX-4945)]. Examination of the effects of both CK2 inhibitors on cancer cells using live-cell imaging revealed notable differences. Whereas CX-4945 showed a stronger pro-apoptotic effect on tumor cells, 5a-2 was more effective in inhibiting tumor cell migration. Our results showed that 49% of intracellular CX-4945 was localized in the nuclear fraction, whereas 71% of 5a-2 was detectable in the cytoplasm. The different subcellular distribution, and thus the site of CK2 inhibition, provides a possible explanation for the different cellular effects. Our study indicates that investigating CK2 inhibition-mediated cellular effects in relation to the subcellular sites of CK2 inhibition may help to improve our understanding of the preferential roles of CK2 within different cancer cell compartments.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
title: Carpal tunnel syndrome – how can ultrasound help?
Creators: name: Silva, David
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Extremities
subject: Motility

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Review the normal ultrasonographic anatomy of the carpal tunnel(CT). Describe the commonest, clinically relevant, anatomical variants that the imager must be aware. Review the literature about the most commonly applied gray-scale ultrasonographic...
title: Main features of fluoroscopic studies applied to bariatric surgery
Creators: name: Barros, Marta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Management
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Contrast agent-oral
subject: Eating disorders
subject: Fistula

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Review the most common bariatric surgery procedures Illustrate fluoroscopic features of post-opetative and follow-up of patients that undergo bariatric surgery Review and illustrate radiologic features of most common complications of bariatric...
Data and scripts: children in clinical groups
Creators: name: Wilson, Alexander
name: Bishop, Dorothy
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Data were collected from children with a sex chromosome trisomy and/or autism, and their families. Families completed two questionnaires (the Children's Communication Checklist and the Pediatric Symptom Checklist) and took part in a telephone interview using the 3Di-sv autism assessment. Children completed a test battery including five novel language tasks and a nonverbal matrix reasoning task. The test battery could be completed remotely or with a researcher. Where a researcher met with the young person, a conversation sample was collected. The data are reported in Wilson & Bishop (2020). Does the autism phenotype differ when selecting groups by neurodevelopmental versus genetic diagnosis? A comparison between autism and sex chromosome trisomy. This paper considers the results for the language battery and 3Di across groups. Scripts relevant to this paper are MainAnalysis.R and MakePlots.R. Alongside the analyses reported in this paper, we developed a new measure to assess the conversation samples collected from young people involved in the project. This new measure is called the Observational Assessment of Conversation Scale (OACS): see OACS.docx for the rating scale and OACS.csv for the associated data. This analysis has not been formally written up for publication.
Beam Dump Experiment at Future Electron-Positron Colliders
Creators: name: Kanemura, Shinya
name: Moroi, Takeo
name: Tanabe, Tomohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new beam dump experiment at future colliders with electron ($e^-$) and positron ($e^+$) beams, BDee, which will provide a new possibility to search for hidden particles, like hidden photon. If a particle detector is installed behind the beam dump, it can detect the signal of in-flight decay of the hidden particles produced by the scatterings of $e^\pm$ beams off materials for dumping. We show that, compared to past experiments, BDee (in particular BDee at $e^+e^-$ linear collider) significantly enlarges the parameter region where the signal of the hidden particle can be discovered.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Microbiome Benchmarking: Stability and Variability with Cold-Chain Break
Creators: name: Dahlen, Alex
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pathogenic Microbiology

description: Background/Introduction: Microbiome profiling is an increasingly popular field of study, but there is not one consistent protocol for storing and transporting fecal samples between collection and analysis. There are two collection and preservative systems that are often used (OMNIgene and ZymoShield); plus, while samples are typically stored in the freezer, cold chain breaks can sometime occur. The objective of this study is to determine whether variations in this protocol end up affecting the outcome.
The rate of convergence to the normal law in terms of pseudomoments
Creators: name: Mishura, Yuliya
name: Munchak, Yevheniya
name: Slyusarchuk, Petro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish the rate of convergence of distributions of sums of independent identically distributed random variables to the Gaussian distribution in terms of truncated pseudomoments by implementing the idea of Yu. Studnyev for getting estimates of the rate of convergence of the order higher than $n^{-1/2}$.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.15559/15-VMSTA23 in the Modern Stochastics: Theory and Applications (https://www.i-journals.org/vtxpp/VMSTA) by VTeX (http://www.vtex.lt/)
title: Do we need the lung cancer MDT?
Creators: name: MacKay, James
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: PET-CT
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Biopsy
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Surgery
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Workforce

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The multi-disciplinary team meeting (MDTM) is the cornerstone of modern NHS cancer care. The NHS National Cancer Plan states that “all patients with cancer should be formally reviewed by a specialist team” and current NICE guidance on lung...
The effects of intranasal oxytocin on reward circuitry responses in children with autism spectrum disorder
Creators: name: Kinard, Jessica
name: Greene, R. K
name: Chandrasekhar, T.
name: Politte, L. C
name: Mosner, Maya G
name: Walsh, Erin C
name: Dichter, Gabriel
name: Spanos, M.
name: Stuber, G. D
name: Sikich, Linmarie
name: Alderman, Cheryl
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract Background Intranasal oxytocin (OT) has been shown to improve social communication functioning of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and, thus, has received considerable interest as a potential ASD therapeutic agent. Although preclinical research indicates that OT modulates the functional output of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system that processes rewards, no clinical brain imaging study to date has examined the effects of OT on this system using a reward processing paradigm. To address this, we used an incentive delay task to examine the effects of a single dose of intranasal OT, versus placebo (PLC), on neural responses to social and nonsocial rewards in children with ASD. Methods In this placebo-controlled double-blind study, 28 children and adolescents with ASD (age: M = 13.43 years, SD = 2.36) completed two fMRI scans, one after intranasal OT administration and one after PLC administration. During both scanning sessions, participants completed social and nonsocial incentive delay tasks. Task-based neural activation and connectivity were examined to assess the impact of OT relative to PLC on mesocorticolimbic brain responses to social and nonsocial reward anticipation and outcomes. Results Central analyses compared the OT and PLC conditions. During nonsocial reward anticipation, there was greater activation in the right nucleus accumbens (NAcc), left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), bilateral orbital frontal cortex (OFC), left superior frontal cortex, and right frontal pole (FP) during the OT condition relative to PLC. Alternatively, during social reward anticipation and outcomes, there were no significant increases in brain activation during the OT condition relative to PLC. A Treatment Group × Reward Condition interaction revealed relatively greater activation in the right NAcc, right caudate nucleus, left ACC, and right OFC during nonsocial relative to social reward anticipation during the OT condition relative to PLC. Additionally, these analyses revealed greater activation during nonsocial reward outcomes during the OT condition relative to PLC in the right OFC and left FP. Finally, functional connectivity analyses generally revealed changes in frontostriatal connections during the OT condition relative to PLC in response to nonsocial, but not social, rewards. Conclusions The effects of intranasal OT administration on mesocorticolimbic brain systems that process rewards in ASD were observable primarily during the processing of nonsocial incentive salience stimuli. These findings have implications for understanding the effects of OT on neural systems that process rewards, as well as for experimental trials of novel ASD treatments developed to ameliorate social communication impairments in ASD.
Accretion disks in luminous young stellar objects
Creators: name: Beltran, M. T.
name: de Wit, W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An observational review is provided of the properties of accretion disks around young stars. It concerns the primordial disks of intermediate- and high-mass young stellar objects in embedded and optically revealed phases. The properties were derived from spatially resolved observations and therefore predominantly obtained with interferometric means, either in the radio/(sub)millimeter or in the optical/infrared wavelength regions. We make summaries and comparisons of the physical properties, kinematics, and dynamics of these circumstellar structures and delineate trends where possible. Amongst others, we report on a quadratic trend of mass accretion rates with mass from T Tauri stars to the highest mass young stellar objects and on the systematic difference in mass infall and accretion rates.
description: 71 pages, 19 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review
title: Imaging of malignant external otitis
Creators: name: Jendoubi, Salma
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Make a brief anatomical reminder of the temporal bone and the different way of extension of the infection from the external ear. Illustrate the role of CT and MRI for the diagnosis and the staging of infection in malignant otitis externa...
title: MR Imaging Features of Extraabdominal Fibromatosis
Creators: name: Abreu e Silva, Joana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the characteristic MR imaging features of extraabdominal fibromatosis (EF)and corresponding histopathologic features. Discuss the imaging evaluation of masses after treatment and of postoperative...
Overcoming Divergence in English and French Contract Law: A Common Taxonomy of Commercial Contracts
Creators: name: Pedamon, Catherine
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2022

description: The works presented for the PhD by publication are all connected in the way they engage in a functionally comparative study of the English and French law responses to common problems pertaining to contractual performance and contractual interpretation. My comparative inquiry demonstrates that both France and England have stayed true to their historic responses in times of peace and crisis confirming different mentalités juridiques. As neither England nor France offers ideal solution, parties may be better off finding a resolution to their disputes beyond the legal realm and respond to calls for collaboration. This nevertheless shows persisting differences in Anglo-French approaches. This thesis however argues that these divergences may nevertheless lead to common results through the lens of a taxonomy of commercial contracts – professionally drafted contracts may lead to converging results given the common application and interpretation of frequently used clauses beyond a domestic legal culture; by contrast, rudimentary contracts produce diverging results as the interpretation of these agreements is marked by a distinctive domestic socio-legal culture. This taxonomy has the potential to improve the predictability of outcomes in commercial disputes in England and France.
Quantum Chemistry on the time axis: electron correlations and rearrangements on femtosecond and attosecond scales
Creators: name: Nicolaides, Cleanthes A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developments toward the production and laboratory use of pulses of high intensity, and/or of very high frequency, and/or of ultrashort duration, make possible experiments which can produce time-resolved data on ultrafast transformations involving motions of electrons. The formulation, quantitative understanding and prediction of related new phenomena entail the possibility of computing and applying solutions of the many-electron time-dependent Schroedinger equation, for arbitrary electronic structures, including the dominant effects of Rydberg series, of multiply excited states and of the multi-channel continuous spectrum. To this purpose, we have proposed and applied to many prototypical cases the state-specific expansion approach (SSEA). (Mercouris, Komninos and Nicolaides, Adv. Quantum Chem. 60, 333 (2010)). The paper explains briefly the SSEA, and outlines four of its applications to recently formulated problems concerning time-resolved electronic processes, where electron correlations are crucial. These are, 1) The time resolution of the decay of polyelectronic unstable states, 2) The excitation and decay of strongly correlating doubly excited states and atto-time-resolution of their geometries, 3) The time-resolved process of formation of the interference profiles of resonance states during the femtosecond photoionization of Helium and Aluminum, and 4) The relative time delay in the (2s,2p) photoionization of Neon by an attosecond pulse.
description: 30 pages, 1 figure, Plenary lecture Sanibel Symposium 2015, to be published in MOLECULAR PHYSICS
Individuals with increased inflammatory response to ozone demonstrate muted signaling of immune cell trafficking pathways
Creators: name: Peden, David
name: Zou, Baiming
name: Lay, John C
name: Fry, Rebecca
name: Zhou, Haibo
name: Rager, Julia E
name: Alexis, Neil
name: Brickey, June W
name: Ting, Jenny P.-Y.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2012

description: Abstract Background Exposure to ozone activates innate immune function and causes neutrophilic (PMN) airway inflammation that in some individuals is robustly elevated. The interplay between immuno-inflammatory function and genomic signaling in those with heightened inflammatory responsiveness to ozone is not well understood. Objectives Determine baseline predictors and post exposure discriminators for the immuno-inflammatory response to ozone in inflammatory responsive adult volunteers. Methods Sputum induction was performed on 27 individuals before and after a two hour chamber exposure to 0.4 ppm ozone. Subjects were classified as inflammatory responders or non-responders to ozone based on their PMN response. Innate immune function, inflammatory cell and cytokine modulation and transcriptional signaling pathways were measured in sputum. Results Post exposure, responders showed activated innate immune function (CD16: 31,004 MFI vs 8988 MFI; CD11b: 44,986 MFI vs 24,770 MFI; CD80: 2236 MFI vs 1506 MFI; IL-8: 37,603 pg/ml vs 2828 pg/ml; and IL-1β: 1380 pg/ml vs 318 pg/ml) with muted signaling of immune cell trafficking pathways. In contrast, non-responders displayed decreased innate immune activity (CD16, CD80; phagocytosis: 2 particles/PMN vs 4 particles/PMN) post exposure that was accompanied by a heightened signaling of immune cell trafficking pathways. Conclusions Inflammatory responsive and non responsive individuals to ozone show an inverse relationship between immune cell trafficking and immuno-inflammatory functional responses to ozone. These distinct genomic signatures may further our understanding about ozone-induced morbidity in individuals with different levels of inflammatory responsiveness.
Analysis of laser shock experiments on precompressed samples using a quartz reference and application to warm dense hydrogen and helium
Creators: name: Brygoo, Stephanie
name: Millot, Marius
name: Loubeyre, Paul
name: Lazicki, Amy E.
name: Hamel, Sebastien
name: Qi, Tingting
name: Celliers, Peter M.
name: Coppari, Federica
name: Eggert, Jon H.
name: Fratanduono, Dayne E.
name: Hicks, Damien G.
name: Rygg, J. Ryan
name: Smith, Raymond F.
name: Swift, Damian C.
name: Collins, Gilbert W.
name: Jeanloz, Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Megabar (1 Mbar = 100 GPa) laser shocks on precompressed samples allow reaching unprecedented high densities and moderately high 10000-100000K temperatures. We describe here a complete analysis framework for the velocimetry (VISAR) and pyrometry (SOP) data produced in these experiments. Since the precompression increases the initial density of both the sample of interest and the quartz reference for pressure-density, reflectivity and temperature measurements, we describe analytical corrections based on available experimental data on warm dense silica and density-functional-theory based molecular dynamics computer simulations. Using our improved analysis framework we report a re-analysis of previously published data on warm dense hydrogen and helium, compare the newly inferred pressure, density and temperature data with most advanced equation of state models and provide updated reflectivity values.
description: 13 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables
Analysis of the XRCC1gene as a modifier of the cerebral response in ischemic stroke
Creators: name: Sen, Souvik
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2006

description: Abstract: Background: Although there have been studies of the genetic risk factors in the development of stroke, there have been few investigations of role of genes in the cerebral response to ischemia. The brain responds to ischemia in a series of reactions that ultimately influence the volume of a stroke that, in general, correlates with disability. We hypothesize that polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins involved in these reactions could act as modifiers of this response and impact stroke volume. One of the pathways participating in the cerebral ischemic response involves reactive oxygen species which can cause oxidative damage to nucleic acids. DNA repair mechanisms are in place to protect against such damage and imply a role for DNA repair genes in the response of the brain to ischemia and are potential candidate genes for further investigation. Methods: We studied two common polymorphisms in the DNA repair gene, XRCC1, C26304T and G28152A, in 134 well characterized patients with non lacunar ischemic strokes. We also performed a case control association study with 113 control patients to assess whether these variants represent risk factors in the development of ischemic stroke. Results: Independent of etiology, the "T" allele of the C26304T polymorphism is significantly associated with larger stroke volumes (T-test analysis, p < 0.044; multivariate regression analysis, β = 0.23, p < 0.008). In the case control association study, we found that neither of these polymorphisms represented a risk factor for the development of stroke. Conclusion: Our study suggests a major gene effect of the "T" allele of the C26304T polymorphism modulating the cerebral response to ischemia in non lacunar ischemic stroke.
Mapping of a blood pressure QTL on chromosome 17 in American Indians of the strong heart family study
Creators: name: Franceschini, Nora
name: Tao, Ran
name: Liu, Lan
name: North, Kari
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2014

description: Abstract Background Blood pressure (BP) is a complex trait, with a heritability of 30 to 40%. Several genome wide associated BP loci explain only a small fraction of the phenotypic variation. Family studies can provide an important tool for gene discovery by utilizing trait and genetic transmission information among relative-pairs. We have previously described a quantitative trait locus at chromosome 17q25.3 influencing systolic BP in American Indians of the Strong Heart Family Study (SHFS). This locus has been reported to associate with variation in BP traits in family studies of Europeans, African Americans and Hispanics. Methods To follow-up persuasive linkage findings at this locus, we performed comprehensive genotyping in the 1-LOD unit support interval region surrounding this QTL using a multi-step strategy. We first genotyped 1,334 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 928 individuals from families that showed evidence of linkage for BP. We then genotyped a second panel of 306 SNPs in all SHFS participants (N = 3,807) for genes that displayed the strongest evidence of association in the region, and, in a third step, included additional genotyping to better cover the genes of interest and to interrogate plausible candidate genes in the region. Results Three genes had multiple SNPs marginally associated with systolic BP (TBC1D16, HRNBP3 and AZI1). In BQTN analysis, used to estimate the posterior probability that any variant in each gene had an effect on the phenotype, AZI1 showed the most prominent findings (posterior probability of 0.66). Importantly, upon correction for multiple testing, none of our study findings could be distinguished from chance. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate the difficulty of follow-up studies of linkage studies for complex traits, particularly in the context of low powered studies and rare variants underlying linkage peaks.
Jahn-Teller distortions as a novel source of multiferroicity
Creators: name: Barone, Paolo
name: Yamauchi, Kunihiko
name: Picozzi, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Jahn-Teller effect is a fascinating and ubiquitous phenomenon in modern quantum physics and chemistry. We propose a class of oxides with melilite structure Ba$_2$TGe$_2$O$_7$ (T=V,Ni) where Jahn-Teller distortions are the main responsibles for the appearance of electric polarization. At the hearth of the proposed mechanism lies the lack of inversion symmetry displayed by tetrahedrally coordinated transition-metal ions, which allows for the condensation of polar Jahn-Teller distortions, at odds with octahedral coordination typical of conventional ferroelectric oxides with perovskite structure. Since the noncentrosymmetric local environment of transition-metal ions also activates the proposed spin-dependent hybridization mechanism for magnetically-induced electric polarization, proper multiferroic phases with intrinsic magnetoelectric interaction could be realized in this class of low-symmetry materials.
Solidity of type III Bernoulli crossed products
Creators: name: Marrakchi, Amine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L10

description: We generalize a theorem of Chifan and Ioana by proving that for any, possibly type III, amenable von Neumann algebra $A_0$, any faithful normal state $φ_0$ and any discrete group $Γ$, the associated Bernoulli crossed product von Neumann algebra $M=(A_0,φ_0)^{\mathbin{\bar{\otimes}}Γ}\rtimes Γ$ is solid relatively to $\mathcal{L}(Γ)$. In particular, if $\mathcal{L}(Γ)$ is solid then $M$ is solid and if $Γ$ is non-amenable and $A_0 \neq \mathbb{C}$ then $M$ is a full prime factor. This gives many new examples of solid or prime type $\mathrm{III}$ factors. Following Chifan and Ioana, we also obtain the first examples of solid non-amenable type $\mathrm{III}$ equivalence relations.
description: 18 pages
Beyond “implementation strategies”: classifying the full range of strategies used in implementation science and practice
Creators: name: Shea, Christopher
name: Leeman, Jennifer
name: Powell, Byron
name: Rohweder, Catherine
name: Birken, Sarah
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background Strategies are central to the National Institutes of Health’s definition of implementation research as “the study of strategies to integrate evidence-based interventions into specific settings.” Multiple scholars have proposed lists of the strategies used in implementation research and practice, which they increasingly are classifying under the single term “implementation strategies.” We contend that classifying all strategies under a single term leads to confusion, impedes synthesis across studies, and limits advancement of the full range of strategies of importance to implementation. To address this concern, we offer a system for classifying implementation strategies that builds on Proctor and colleagues’ (2013) reporting guidelines, which recommend that authors not only name and define their implementation strategies but also specify who enacted the strategy (i.e., the actor) and the level and determinants that were targeted (i.e., the action targets). Main body We build on Wandersman and colleagues’ Interactive Systems Framework to distinguish strategies based on whether they are enacted by actors functioning as part of a Delivery, Support, or Synthesis and Translation System. We build on Damschroder and colleague’s Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to distinguish the levels that strategies target (intervention, inner setting, outer setting, individual, and process). We then draw on numerous resources to identify determinants, which are conceptualized as modifiable factors that prevent or enable the adoption and implementation of evidence-based interventions. Identifying actors and targets resulted in five conceptually distinct classes of implementation strategies: dissemination, implementation process, integration, capacity-building, and scale-up. In our descriptions of each class, we identify the level of the Interactive System Framework at which the strategy is enacted (actors), level and determinants targeted (action targets), and outcomes used to assess strategy effectiveness. We illustrate how each class would apply to efforts to improve colorectal cancer screening rates in Federally Qualified Health Centers. Conclusions Structuring strategies into classes will aid reporting of implementation research findings, alignment of strategies with relevant theories, synthesis of findings across studies, and identification of potential gaps in current strategy listings. Organizing strategies into classes also will assist users in locating the strategies that best match their needs.
Designing New Collaborative Horizons in Scholarly Communications
Creators: name: Woods, Nathan D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Collaboration
Scholarly Communications
Design Anthropology
Community Engaged Research
Collaborative Research

description: Power point presentation from the FSCI2022 Keynote,: "Designing New Collaborative Horizons in Scholarly Communications."

 Abstract:
 "How do we design new ways to engage with and enhance the collaborative impact of scholarship now? The field of scholarly communications is increasingly framed by its potential to shape the social impact of scholarship. We find, for example, the centrality of scholarly communication in efforts to curb the parallel ‘infodemic’ or information disorder that has accompanied the multiple and ongoing Covid-19 health emergencies. We also find it in the centrality of research dissemination and use with regard to the cascading crisis of climate change, and the slow emergency of preserving cultural memory under conditions of rapid ecological change. In this talk, I explore the organization of scholarly communications as a field of collaboration and the tensions and possibilities this poses for addressing or enhancing social impact. The scholarly communications ecosystem is organized through interprofessional collaborations across multiple forms of expertise, as well as increasingly intensive collaborative engagement with social and cultural stakeholders. Towards new horizons of collaborative design, I highlight several models for organizing collaboration in scholarly communications, and some recent examples of initiatives that mobilize collaborative change processes."
Delayed functional maturation of natural regulatory T cells in the medulla of postnatal thymus: role of TSLP
Creators: name: Jiang, Qi
name: Knudsen, Geoffry
name: Helms, Whitney
name: Su, Hua
name: Su, Lishan
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2006

description: Abstract Background Generation of functional CD4+CD8-CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) in the murine thymus depends on FoxP3. Removal of the thymus from neonatal mice has been shown to result in a multiple organ autoimmune disease phenotype that can be prevented by introducing the FoxP3+ Treg population to the animal. It has therefore, been proposed that functional FoxP3+ Treg cells are not made in the neonatal thymus; however, it remains unclear when and where functional FoxP3+CD4+CD8-CD25+ thymocytes are generated in postnatal thymus. Results We report that neither FoxP3 mRNA nor protein is expressed in CD4+CD8-CD25+, or CD4+CD8-CD25- thymocytes until 3–4 days post birth, despite the presence of mature CD4+CD8-CD25+/- thymocytes in the thymus by 1–2 days after birth. FoxP3-CD4+CD8-CD25+ thymocytes from day 2 newborn mice show no Treg activity. Interestingly, we are able to detect low numbers of FoxP3+ thymocytes dispersed throughout the medullary region of the thymus as early as 3–4 days post birth. Expression of FoxP3 is induced in embryonic day 17 fetal thymus organ culture (FTOC) after 4–6 days of in vitro culture. Treatment of FTOCs with thymic stromal derived lymphopoietin (TSLP) enhanced expression of FoxP3, and blocking the TSLP receptor reduces FoxP3 expression in FTOC. Furthermore, TSLP stimulates FoxP3 expression in purified CD4+CD8- thymocytes, but not in CD4+CD8+, CD4-CD8+ and CD4-CD8- thymocytes. Conclusion Expression of FoxP3 or Treg maturation is ontogenically distinct and kinetically delayed from the generation of CD4+CD8-CD25+ or CD4+CD8-CD25- thymocytes in the postnatal thymus. TSLP produced from medullary thymic epithelia cells (mTEC) contributes to the expression of FoxP3 and the maturation of natural regulatory T cells. Overall, these results suggest that the development of Treg cells requires paracrine signaling during late stages of thymocyte maturation that is distinct from signaling during positive or negative selection.
title: Diagnostic pitfalls in the evaluation of elbow trauma injuries and its sequelae in adult patients
Creators: name: Cristiano, Lara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Outcomes
subject: Acute
subject: Complications
subject: MR
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT
subject: Trauma
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Emergency
subject: Trauma

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of cross-sectional imaging medalities in order to study elbow trauma in adults patients and its complications before...
title: Non-infectious pulmonary complications in patients after the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)
Creators: name: Burgetova, Andrea
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Transplantation
subject: Complications
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Lung

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To present the summary of current knowledge of non-infectious pulmonary complications (NIPC) after the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the results of imaging methods and differential diagnosis of pulmonary abnormalities in...
Reimagining the Data Problem in the Humanities: Data Type Versus Use-Case
Creators: name: Woods, Nathan D.
name: Bordalejo, Barbara
name: O'Donnell, Dan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data
Humanities Data
Data Intensive Scholarship

description: Paper presented at Congress CSDH/SCHN 2023, in Toronto, Canada, May 28th-30th, 2023.
ESR study of the spin ladder with uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moria interaction
Creators: name: Glazkov, V. N.
name: Fayzullin, M.
name: Krasnikova, Y.
name: Skoblin, G.
name: Schmidiger, D.
name: Mühlbauer, S.
name: Zheludev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evolution of the ESR absorption in a strong-leg spin ladder magnet (C$_7$H$_{10}$N$_2$)$_2$CuBr$_4$ (abbreviated as DIMPY) is studied from 300K to 400mK. Temperature dependence of the ESR relaxation follows a staircase of crossovers between different relaxation regimes. We ague that the main mechanism of ESR line broadening in DIMPY is uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moria interaction ($|\vec{D}|=0.20$K) with an effective longitudinal component along an exchange bond of Cu ions within the legs resulting from the low crystal symmetry of DIMPY and nontrivial orbital ordering. The same Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction results in the lifting of the triplet excitation degeneracy, revealed through the weak splitting of the ESR absorption at low temperatures.
description: 13 pages, submitted to PRB, Fig.3 updated
title: BIRADS and biology in breast cancer: correlation between imaging findings and molecular subtypes
Creators: name: Del Blanco, Miguel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Puncture
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Breast cancer is a group of heterogeneous diseases with various morphologies, clinical courses and responses to treatment. In addition to the traditional parameters, the use of microarray profiling of invasive breast cancer has identified four...
title: Radiological findings in patients with Crouzon syndrome
Creators: name: Grodzicka, Zuzanna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Genetic defects
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Paediatric
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Head and neck

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of my educational exhibit is: - to introduce readers to the one of the most common craniosynostosis, - to describe genetic cause of crouzon syndrome, - to familiarize radiologists with the characteristics of Crouzon...
Temporal intensity correlation of light scattered by a hot atomic vapor
Creators: name: Dussaux, A.
name: de Silans, T. Passerat
name: Guerin, W.
name: Alibart, O.
name: Tanzilli, S.
name: Vakili, F.
name: Kaiser, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present temporal intensity correlation measurements of light scattered by a hot atomic vapor. Clear evidence of photon bunching is shown at very short time-scales (nanoseconds) imposed by the Doppler broadening of the hot vapor. Moreover, we demonstrate that relevant information about the scattering process, such as the ratio of single to multiple scattering, can be deduced from the measured intensity correlation function. These measurements confirm the interest of temporal intensity correlation to access non-trivial spectral features, with potential applications in astrophysics.
Occupational Burnout Among Omani Physicians Across Different Stages of Their Career
Creators: name: Al Alawi, Mohammed
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2022

description: The occupational psychology literature indicates that physicians are at an elevated risk of burnout and mental distress. Notably, there is a lack of contribution to this field from Arabic and Islamic cultures. This commentary critically analyses the contribution of twelve published papers to the field of occupational psychology, focusing primarily on stress, health, and wellbeing. The overarching aim is to examine the scale and determinants of occupational burnout among Omani physicians across various stages of their careers using quantitative research methods. Following an introduction and contextualisation, the synthesis of published work proceeds in three chapters. Firstly, four published papers report how mental health and psychological distress are conceptualised among Omani healthcare workers and the public. Secondly, five publications address occupational burnout, the overlap with depressive symptoms, and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thirdly, three publications focus on burnout moderators among young Omani physicians: personality traits, emotional intelligence, and preparedness for hospital work. The findings revealed that burnout is common among Omani physicians, particularly during residency training. Long working hours and pre-clinical stage predicted burnout in regression analysis. However, the prevalence rates in our setting were lower than those reported in the international literature. Also, the published work highlighted the adverse effects of mental health stigma, prevalent in Oman, on willingness to disclose and seek help for psychological distress. Besides, the results highlighted the relationship between surgical speciality and psychoticism. Also, emotional intelligence correlated with specific demographic, including the female gender, while Omani physicians who graduated from international medical school endorsed a high level of preparedness for clinical work. Considering the methodological and theoretical limitations of the published work, conducting a prospective mixed-methods study is vital to scrutinise the burnout construct and its discriminant validity from clinical depression while paying attention to the cross-cultural factors. Moreover, future work should investigate factors improving work engagement and mitigating burnout in the Omani healthcare setting. The publications make an original contribution to the knowledge by culturally re-contextualizing burnout research and advancing the literature on occupational burnout via analysis of: (i) the magnitude and correlates of burnout in Omani physicians; (ii) moderating variables such as personality traits, emotional intelligence; and (iii) preparedness for clinical work. From a practical aspect, the published work has informed several initiatives and interventions to promote wellness and mitigate burnout at both the individual and organisational levels in Oman.
title: FDG-PET/CT in re-staging of patients with Non Hodgkin lymphoma and monitory response to therapy‏ in Egypt
Creators: name: Elshafey, Rasha
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: PET
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Lymphoma

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Malignant lymphoma is the most common pri­mary hematopoietic malignancy (1) . The classification of lymphoma is based on the World Health Organization (WHO) classifica­tion system, which helps determine not only malignancy grade, but also...