cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Polarization analysis of excitons in monolayer and bilayer transition-metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Dery, Hanan
name: Song, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarization analysis of optical transitions in monolayer and bilayer transition-metal dichalcogenides provides invaluable information on the spin and valley (pseudospin) degrees of freedom. To explain optical properties of a given monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenide, one should consider (i) the order of its spin-split conduction bands, (ii) whether intervalley scattering is prone to phonon bottleneck, (iii) and whether valley mixing by electron-hole exchange can take place. Using these principles, we present a consistent physical picture that elucidates a variety of features in the optical spectra of these materials. We explain the differences between optical transitions in monolayer MoSe$_2$ and monolayer WSe$_2$, finding that indirect excitons in the latter correspond to several low-energy optical transitions that so far were attributed to excitons bound to impurities. A possible mechanism that can explain the vanishing polarization in MoSe$_2$ is discussed. Finally, we consider the effect of an out-of-plane electric field, showing that it can reduce the initial polarization of bright excitons due to a Rashba-type coupling with dark excitons.
description: we welcome any feedback (including missing references if prior to the official peer-reviewed publication)
The Creation of the Forum Romanum: Three-Dimensional Mapping and Rome's Flood-prone Valley
Creators: name: Burges, Steve
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: In the context of these predecessors, I offer a new computer model created ex novo in
order to map part of the physical topography of the city of Rome in three dimensions. Unlike any
reconstruction before, this digital terrain model (DTM) represents the Forum valley and the
Velabrum of the early city during the time of the first paving of the Forum (650-625 B.C.). It
utilizes the accumulation of archaeological data resulting from the studies of the last thirty years
which investigated the early Forum Romanum and have offered new interpretations of Rome’s
foundation that were once impossible. The recent data revealing this crucial moment in the
development of the Roman city-state have not been reliably mapped before, and maps of the
geomorphology in other eras offer no substitute. Abundant and successive layers of anthropic
material and fluvial sedimentation, unique to Rome, render these maps inadequate for this
purpose. Fifteen meters of stratification separated the Forum floor of the eighth century B.C.
from that of the seventeenth century A.D.11 Now, digital technology permits the interpolation of
the most accurate map of the ancient hills and valleys settled three thousand years ago, because
of their geographical advantages.12 It also illuminates the monumental projects undertaken by the
organized city to transform a swampy valley prone to frequent flooding into its Forum.
My digital mapping project contains several parts. Two DTMs represent the Forum and
Velabrum at different time periods: Map A depicts the area from the time of its earliest
inhabitants to Rome’s traditional foundation date (ca. 1000-750 B.C.), and Map B illustrates the
significant changes following the first paving of the Forum and the other engineering
accomplishments of the Regal Period (ca. 600 B.C.). Each version, available as a raster DTM
with its supporting elevation data set, is generously hosted on the website of the Ancient World
Mapping Center, UNC-CH (http://awmc.unc.edu). Traditional maps, views from different
perspectives, and various figures derived from the computer model are offered in print
throughout this work where appropriate, with digital copies available online.13 This dynamic
model aims to remain online as opposing arguments arise or new evidence is discovered, and it
aims to make all data available and all processes transparent as any geographical information
system (GIS) should.
Electrostatic interactions in charged nanoslits within an explicit solvent theory
Creators: name: Buyukdagli, Sahin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within a dipolar Poisson-Boltzmann theory including electrostatic correlations, we consider the effect of explicit solvent structure on solvent and ion partition confined to charged nanopores. We develop a relaxation scheme for the solution of this highly non-linear integro-differential equation for the electrostatic potential. The scheme is an extension of the approach previously introduced for simple planes (S. Buyukdagli and Ralf Blossey, J. Chem. Phys. 140, 234903 (2014)) to nanoslit geometry. We show that the reduced dielectric response of solvent molecules at the membrane walls gives rise to an electric field significantly stronger than the field of the classical Poisson-Boltzmann equation. This peculiarity associated with non-local electrostatic interactions results in turn in an interfacial counterion adsorption layer absent in continuum theories. The observation of this enhanced counterion affinity in the very close vicinity of the interface may have important impacts on nanofludic transport through charged nanopores. Our results indicate the quantitative inaccuracy of solvent implicit nanofiltration theories in predicting the ionic selectivity of membrane nanopores.
title: Development of a multi-objective methodology to select lean initiatives and weighted leanness measurement methodology in modular manufacturing companies
Creators: name: Shams Bidhendi, Saba
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 091099 Manufacturing Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: The survival of manufacturing organisations in today’s competitive market depends on the quality of products and services, effectiveness of manufacturing operations, cost and waste reduction, and profit and market share growth. In this respect, one of the most established and well-known tools are lean manufacturing practices. The decision of selecting the most appropriate lean initiatives to adopt and apply in the production process while preserving cost and time benefits is a challenging task for most companies. Therefore, a multi-objective methodology that considers the impacts of each lean strategy on identified critical performance metrics and manufacturing wastes is proposed through this research. The results from the developed methodology in this research suggest the best set of lean initiatives for improving the most critical performance metrics and reduce non-value activities (wastes). The proposed methodology also provides more accurate results in suggesting a set of lean tools compared to the previous methods as it considers more than one factor. Moreover, this research further extends the most recent leanness assessment model by developing a methodology that considers the interdependent relationships between lean performance metrics to provide an overall leanness index. Several research studies developed leanness assessment models, however, in these studies different performance metrics were considered to be equally important. In contrast, this research developed a weighted leanness measurement methodology. This was achieved through assigning relative importance weights to each performance metric based on competitive strategies when measuring the integrated leanness score. A local modular construction company was used for this research to validate and show the effectiveness and efficiency of the developed methodologies. Furthermore, one of the suggested lean initiatives from the proposed methodology was adopted and implemented and the leanness score of the company was measured before and after the lean application using the weighted leanness measurement. Through this research, the developed methodology for selecting lean initiatives and the weighted leanness measurement approach are used to advance the current knowledge of lean manufacturing by providing more accurate results from both methodologies.
Perceptions, practices, and beliefs of transparency of qualitative research in HCI
Creators: name: Wacharamanotham, Chat
name: Avellino, Ignacio
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantitative, Qualitative, Comparative, and Historical Methodologies
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Open science
subject: Transparency

description: This project aims to collect and present empirical data on the perceptions, practices, and beliefs surrounding the concept of “transparent research” among researchers in qualitative paradigms. We believe that the findings from our study will provide a basis to advance the conversation on research transparency and will contribute to improve research practices in and beyond HCI.
Unlocking the Treasure Trove with Inspec Analytics
Creators: name: Adamson, Maureen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Knowledge and information management

description: Like cracking the code of semantic technologies and linked data, Inspec Analytics seems like the perfect fit for an A&I service with depth of coverage, rich scientific metadata and loaded with value for the users, value for the customers, and value for the organization.
Tumor Microenvironment RNA Expression Analysis in Human Xenograft Mice
Creators: name: Short, Patrick
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: While genomic analysis of tumor cells is a mainstay in cancer research, there is
growing interest in the characterization of the tumor microenvironment, comprised of
nearby healthy somatic cells, most notably fibroblasts and invading immune cells.
Studying the RNA expression profile of the tumor microenvironment provides a way to
analyze local response to tumor growth and ultimately to better characterize bodily
response to different stages or genetic subsets of cancer. The purpose of this research was
to develop a tool that efficiently separates tumor sequence data from human xenograft
mice (mice with genetically human tumors) into separate microenvironment and tumor
expression profiles. While this separation was previously done by physically excising
healthy tissue under a microscope using laser capture microdissection, performing this
separation in silico allows for rapid analysis of hundreds of samples. Further, using this
tool, we can re-examine tumor expression profiles after filtering out ‘contaminating’
microenvironment sequence, resulting in a more accurate RNA expression profile.
MDQE: Mining Discriminative Query Embeddings to Segment Occluded Instances on Challenging Videos
Creators: name: Li, Minghan
name: Li, Shuai
name: Xiang, Wangmeng
name: Zhang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While impressive progress has been achieved, video instance segmentation (VIS) methods with per-clip input often fail on challenging videos with occluded objects and crowded scenes. This is mainly because instance queries in these methods cannot encode well the discriminative embeddings of instances, making the query-based segmenter difficult to distinguish those `hard' instances. To address these issues, we propose to mine discriminative query embeddings (MDQE) to segment occluded instances on challenging videos. First, we initialize the positional embeddings and content features of object queries by considering their spatial contextual information and the inter-frame object motion. Second, we propose an inter-instance mask repulsion loss to distance each instance from its nearby non-target instances. The proposed MDQE is the first VIS method with per-clip input that achieves state-of-the-art results on challenging videos and competitive performance on simple videos. In specific, MDQE with ResNet50 achieves 33.0\% and 44.5\% mask AP on OVIS and YouTube-VIS 2021, respectively. Code of MDQE can be found at \url{https://github.com/MinghanLi/MDQE_CVPR2023}.
Garden of forking paths in ERP research – effects of varying processing and analysis steps in an N400 experiment
Creators: name: Šoškić, Anđela
name: Kappenman, Emily
name: Styles, Suzy
name: Kovic, Vanja
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ERP
subject: ERP methodology
subject: ERP statistics
subject: event related potentials
subject: event-related potentials
subject: N400
subject: visually evoked potentials

description: A recent systematic review of the N400 literature (Author(s), in prep.) has shown large variability in the way event-related potential (ERP) data are recorded, processed, and analyzed. The present study will explore how this variability can affect outcomes using a sample experiment. A set of data processing pipelines defined based on findings from the systematic review will be applied to the sample dataset. The explored parameters will include variations in digital filter high-pass and low-pass cut-offs, artifact correction vs. rejection, baseline correction time window, type of amplitude measure, measurement window, reference site(s), and measurement site(s). Conclusions from different analysis procedures performed on the same data set will be compared to see which steps make a difference in study outcomes or lead to statistically different N400 effects, and which steps have less impact on study conclusions. Furthermore, Monte Carlo simulations will be performed to determine how each of the parameters influences statistical power to detect experimental effects. Given that N400 is not only a commonly studied component, but also relatively large and robust, the results of this study will be directly relevant to a large group of researchers using this component in their research, and finding any effects of the processing pipeline would warrant even more care with smaller, more sensitive components.
Riffing With Ralph: Digging For Jazz In Ralph Ellison's Three Days Before The Shooting...
Creators: name: Payne, Matt
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: During the course of his career, Ralph Ellison published one masterpiece of
fiction, Invisible Man (1952), for which he won the National Book Award. He spent
the last forty years of his life working on a novel that remained unfinished at the time
of his death in 1994. Even though Ellison viewed himself first and foremost as a
writer of fiction, there has been less attention paid to his unfinished novel than to his
acclaimed Invisible Man, or, for that matter, even to his classic essay collections,
Shadow and Act (1964) and Going to the Territory (1986), besides speculation as to
the reasons why Ellison failed to complete the work. In 2010, John F. Callahan and
Adam Bradley broke this trend when they came together to publish Ellison’s
complete work on his second novel into one compilation of epic proportions entitled
Three Days Before the Shooting…. This collection represents the life’s work of one
of the most cherished American minds of the 20th century and deserves attention
and wide readership. The novel can be hard to tackle due to its unfinished status
and length of over 1,000 pages, but when one approaches the work with an open
mind, it proves to contain some of Ellison’s finest prose and most poignant truths.
On a constant rank theorem for nonlinear elliptic PDEs
Creators: name: Székelyhidi, Gábor
name: Weinkove, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a new proof of Bian-Guan's constant rank theorem for nonlinear elliptic equations. Our approach is to use a linear expression of the eigenvalues of the Hessian instead of quotients of elementary symmetric functions.
description: 11 pages, v2 final version to appear in Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. A
Practical Attacks on Decoy State Quantum Key Distribution Systems with Detector Efficiency Mismatch
Creators: name: Yangyang, Fei
name: Ming, Gao
name: Weilong, Wang
name: Chaobo, Li
name: Zhi, Ma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To the active basis choice decoy state quantum key distribution systems with detector efficiency mismatch, we present a modified attack strategy, which is based on faked states attack, with quantum nondemolition measurement ability to restress the threat of detector efficiency mismatch. Considering that perfect quantum nondemolition measurement ability dose not exist in real life, we also propose a practical attack strategy using photon number resolving detectors. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results show that, without changing the channel, our attack strategies are serious threats to decoy state quantum key distribution systems. The eavesdropper may get some information ab out the secret key without causing any alarms. Besides, the lower bound of detector efficiency mismatch to run our modified faked states attack successfully with perfect quantum nondemolition measurement ability is also given out, which provides the producers of quantum key distribution systems with a reference and can be treated as the approximate secure bound of detector efficiency mismatch in decoy state quantum key distribution systems.
description: This paper has been published in Physical Review A
Adoptees’ experiences of education; a positive psychology perspective.
Creators: name: Rahman, Nazma
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2023
Subjects: Adoption
School
Education
Adopted children
Adopted young people

description: Adopted young people from care are likely to have experienced profound adversity. Understanding the enduring impact of their early life experiences has been historically overlooked by educational professionals, with adoption perceived to be as a ‘happy ever after’ ending. However, increasingly, research has shown that adopted young people are achieving poorer educational outcomes than their peers. Few studies have elicited the voices of adopted young people about their experiences of education, those that have, are predominantly negative in their discourse. This study seeks to focus on strengths and resilience from a positive psychology perspective so that positive educational outcomes can be facilitated and understood better for adopted young people. The current study sought the views of four adopted young people (aged 17-23 years) about their positive educational experiences through semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis of the data identified the following themes of positive educational experiences: 1. Academic success; 2. Supportive teachers; 3. Other nurturing adults; 4. Awareness and support for adoption related needs; 5. Positive peer interactions and 6. Identity. Participants further identified three factors of resilience (sense of relatedness, sense of mastery and sense of emotional reactivity) to be of importance in their educational experiences as well as identifying further sub-themes that were of increasing importance to this group. Participants also suggested that there are three ways in which educational settings can do better: 1. Upskilling teachers to show that they care and to support them to have greater knowledge in understanding the needs and ways in which to support adopted young people; 2. Adapting the school curriculum to ensure that it is sensitive to the life experiences of adoptees; and 3. promoting support for mental health to enable adopted young to seek out support when needed. Findings highlight the need for whole school relational approaches centred around viewing young people with unconditional positive regard. Implications of the research are further outlined for educational professions, Educational Psychologists, policy makers and researchers.
The Effects of Medial Unloader Braces and Lateral Heel Wedges in the Gait Biomechanics of Healthy Subjects
Creators: name: Bhat, Sanjana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Orthotic devices such as medial unloader braces and lateral heel wedges have typically
been used in patients with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA) to force the knee into a
neutral or valgus alignment and reduce loading on the medial compartment, but they may also be
used in individuals following traumatic injuries or surgical repair procedures to protect cartilage.
It was hypothesized that the medial unloader brace and lateral heel wedge would decrease knee
adduction angle (KAA) and moment (KAM) in subjects without knee OA. Gait analysis
performed on ten subjects with normal knee alignment and no history of knee injuries showed
that the orthotic devices did not significantly affect KAA or KAM. These results indicate that
the orthotic devices do not affect the medial compartment in the same way it does in knee OA
patients, likely die to neutral rather than varus alignment in our sample of healthy subjects.
A new family of links topologically, but not smoothly, concordant to the Hopf link
Creators: name: Davis, Christopher W.
name: Ray, Arunima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25

description: We give new examples of 2-component links with linking number one and unknotted components that are topologically concordant to the positive Hopf link, but not smoothly so - in fact they are not smoothly concordant to the positive Hopf link with a knot tied in the first component. Such examples were previously constructed by Cha-Kim-Ruberman-Strle; we show that our examples are distinct from theirs.
description: v1 is 7 pages, 7 figures; v2 is 10 pages, 11 figures, includes a computation of a multivariable Alexander polynomial as suggested by Jim Davis (Remark 2.2) and addresses why some other natural candidates do not work (Remark 2.7), to appear in the Tim Cochran memorial issue of J. Knot Theory Ramifications
$ε$-Expansion in the Gross-Neveu CFT
Creators: name: Raju, Avinash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the recently developed CFT techniques of Rychkov and Tan to compute anomalous dimensions in the $O(N)$ Gross-Neveu model in $d=2+ε$ dimensions. To do this, we extend the "cowpie contraction" algorithm of arXiv:1506.06616 to theories with fermions. Our results match perfectly with Feynman diagram computations.
description: v2: a correction in contraction algorithm (main results unchanged), references and an appendix added, discussion less rushed
title: In Shelley’s wake: tracing two centuries of impact
Creators: name: Bedford, Alison M.
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 200503 British and Irish Literature

description: In Shelley’s Wake: Tracing Two Centuries of Impact builds upon the strong biographical scholarship on Mary Shelley to consider the conditions and circumstances that allowed her to write what Brian Aldiss labels “the first real novel of science fiction” (30), Frankenstein. While this generic categorisation remains contentious, my work draws upon Michel Foucault’s concept of discourse and the language of archaeology and geology that he uses throughout An Archaeology of Knowledge and The Order of Things to build an understanding of culture as a fluid phenomenon and hence one in which we can trace the ripples of impact caused by the publication of Shelley’s novel. My close reading of Frankenstein explores the major themes of curiosity, education, family, and responsibility to reveal Shelley’s position, concluding that she offered fractured mirrorings of each in the three-part narrative of the novel. These ambiguous representations, where none are given clear primacy over the others, are the hallmark of the novel and ultimately establish the moral space for readers to make their own decisions about the potentials of new science. Moving forward, I explore the utility of emerging research tools in tracing, measuring and quantifying the impact of Shelley’s works and the moral space she established in her ambiguous representations of science and its potential outcomes. Ultimately, I conclude with a return to Foucault, arguing that Shelley is, in fact, a founder of discourse, having “ produced something else: the possibilities and the rules for the formation of other texts” (“Author”113). Having surveyed the impact of Shelley’s work, I argue that what is revealed is not only the very early elements of the science fiction genre but in Frankenstein Shelley also opened a new discursive space for science and morality to interact through fiction. It is this same discursive space that the genre of SF, with all its sub-genres and permutations, has come to occupy today, and so we can see Shelley as not only the founder of genre, but the founder of a new way for culture and society to respond to scientific advancement. This work offers a new perspective on Shelley and on science fiction, as I argue that Shelley both established a new discursive space and laid the groundwork for the genre (SF) which most often occupies this space. There is an abundance of scholarship on Shelley, with a great deal of new material emerging as it is the bicentennial year of the first edition of Frankenstein, so it is a relevant and current topic of interest to a wide range of scholars. I offer something new to this discussion: in my close reading of the novel, my framing of Foucault’s concept of discourse, and to the significance ascribed to Shelley, not only as a founder of genre, but more importantly as opening out the space in which our culture can negotiate the moral landscape of new science.
The Coach-Athlete Relationship and Athlete Psychological Outcomes
Creators: name: McGee, Victoria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Athletes’ relationships with their coaches have important implications for outcomes of psychological health. Further examination of these associations is needed to identify the aspects of the coach-athlete relationship most linked to athlete burnout and engagement. This study examined associations among athlete perceptions of the coach-athlete relationship and burnout and engagement across a competitive season. We hypothesized that athlete endorsement of higher levels of markers of the coach-athlete relationship (closeness, commitment, and complementarity) would be negatively associated with perceptions of burnout and positively associated with perceptions of engagement. Participants were female collegiate rowers (N=37; Mage=19.3 years, SD=1.18) who completed online self-report assessments of study variables across four seasonal survey waves. Multilevel linear modeling analyses revealed closeness, one of the coach-athlete relationship markers, to be a significant predictor of seasonal global burnout and engagement. Study findings inform the design of interventions to promote engagement and deter burnout via improving coach-athlete closeness perceptions.
Chiral symmetry breaking and the masses of hadrons: a review
Creators: name: Lee, Su Houng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The masses of hadrons in the vacuum, where the chiral symmetry is restored, and in the medium are in general different even when the changes in the order parameters of chiral symmetry are the same. Here, we first discuss the relation between the hadron masses and the chiral symmetry breaking in approaches based on operator product expansion (OPE). We then discuss what additional changes occur to the hadron masses when going from the chiral symmetry restored vacuum to nuclear medium and/or finite temperature. The work will highlight how we can identify the effects of chiral symmetry restoration from experimental observations.
description: Contribution to Special Issue of MDPI "Symmetries and Ultra Dense Matter of Compact Stars"
Boundary behavior of solutions to the parabolic p-Laplace equation
Creators: name: Avelin, Benny
name: Nyström, Kaj
name: Kuusi, Tuomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K20, 35K65, 35B65

description: We establish boundary estimates for non-negative solutions to the p-parabolic equation in the degenerate range $p>2$. Our main results include new parabolic intrinsic Harnack chains in cylindrical NTA-domains together with sharp boundary decay estimates. If the underlying domain is $C^{1,1}$-regular, we establish a relatively complete theory of the boundary behavior, including boundary Harnack principles and Hölder continuity of the ratios of two solutions, as well as fine properties of associated boundary measures. There is an intrinsic waiting time phenomena present which plays a fundamental role throughout the paper. In particular, conditions on these waiting times rule out well-known examples of explicit solutions violating the boundary Harnack principle.
Shielding of Penrose superradiance in optical black holes
Creators: name: Zhang, Hongbin
name: Zhang, Baocheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of superradiance shielding for the analogue rotating black holes simulated by optical vortices by calculating the radial motion of massless particles in such spacetime background. We add the conditions $E0$ to judge the classically forbidden region of superradiance. It is found that the superradiance forbidden region exists near the static limit inside the ergosphere,which will limit the classical Penrose process for the particles with some specific energies and angular momenta. Once these particles satisfying the superradiance conditions aremeasured at the outside of the ergosphere, this shows that the Penrose process can be quantum.
Optimization of an in situ forming implant system for long-acting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Prevention
Creators: name: Copeland, Daijha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Introduction:The only pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) method on the market, once daily oral pill Truvada, demonstrates variable efficacy that is largely correlated to patient adherence. Long-acting injectables (LAI's) delivering various antiretrovirals (ARVs) are a promising approach to circumvent the challenges presented by Truvada and other PrEP methods.  Dolutegravir (DTG) was successfully formulated, in previous work, in an in-situ forming implant (ISFI) delivery-system containing 50:50 poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). This formulation produced mean plasma concentrations of DTG that were close, yet did not surpass four times the concentration needed to inhibit 90% of viral replication (IC90) in a rhesus macaque model - the understood efficacy threshold of PrEP methods. The aim of this present work was to develop and characterize an ISFI formulation with increased dolutegravir loading to reach mean plasma concentrations greater than 4x the IC90 of dolutegravir. The overall goal was to optimize a formulation that would achieve a concentration of 300mg/mL (for a target human dose of 600 mg DTG in 2mL) for a single injection that provides HIV-1 protection for at least three months.Materials and Methods: The solubility of DTG was evaluated in various organic solvents and solvent ratios. DTG was then formulated within the ISFI with the selected optimized system, NMP: Gelucire® 44/14 (9:1) and was further evaluated for efficacy and safety in in vitro and in vivo models. In addition, density, viscosity, and stability of this formulation was evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were also used to evaluate the physical characteristics of the formulation. Results and Conclusion:The optimized ISFI formulation was comprised of 50:50 PLGA, NMP, Gelucire and DTG. In-vitro release studies indicated that PLGA: (NMP/Gel 9:1) formulation ratio of 1:4 gave the favored release profile to translate into a desired release profile in vivo, total cumulative drug released being 57.53% at 121 days.  Safety results indicate that the optimized formulation was very well tolerated,as there was little to no inflammation indicated by little to no macrophage/lymphocyte presence and no detectable pro-inflammatory cytokines (INF-α  or IL-6). An In-vivo pharmacokinetic study evaluated the 1:2 and 1:4 formulation ratios. Compared to a 1:2 formulation ratio containing NMP alone, the 1:2 and 1:4 PLGA: (NMP/Gel 9:1) formulation ratios were found to increase mean plasma concentrations 3.86-fold and 5.55-fold at 30 days post-injection. This ISFI formulation with an optimized solvent system demonstrated improved DTG loading capacity and pharmacokinetic results, in vivo, and thus support its further development as a more appropriate alternative to current long-acting PrEP methods in development.
The Impact of Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy on Health-related Quality of Life for Children with Marked Hypertonia
Creators: name: Stewart, Kirsty
name: Copeland, Lisa
name: Lewis, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Purpose: To investigate the effects of intrathecal baclofen therapy (ITB) on health-related quality of life for children with cerebral palsy and neurological conditions. Method: This study is part of a longitudinal, multicentre audit. The primary outcome measure, the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities, was completed at baseline, 6 and 12 months post ITB implant. Results: Forty subjects with cerebral palsy and other neurological conditions demonstrated significant improvement in aspects of health-related quality of life following ITB therapy, mean change 42.3 (SD 14.9) at baseline to 53.3 (SD 14.7) at 12 months (p< .001). Conclusion: Evidence to demonstrate the utility of ITB in pediatric populations beyond spasticity and dystonia reduction is limited. Our findings suggest that ITB improves aspects of quality of life, comfort, and ease of caregiving in children with cerebral palsy and other neurological conditions.
MP.2020.2560.Hanel
Creators: name: Buchanan, Erin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: meta-psychology
subject: template

description: Submission to Meta-Psychology. Contains the full history, including all correspondence, decisions, reviews, revisions etc. Anyone can participate in open peer review directly by using the hypothes.is commenting function on the preprint.
Systematic Review: Temporal Network Approach to Psychological Constructs
Creators: name: Blanchard, M.
name: Contreras, Alba
name: Heeren, Alexandre
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mental Disorders
subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Quantitative Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: clinical psychological sciences
subject: network analysis
subject: research methods
subject: temporal network analysis

description: Temporal network analyses are relatively recent, as the methodology required to compute network analyses on time series data was only recently developed (Bringmann et al., 2013). The number of studies investigating temporal network dynamics has been steadily increasing, however, since this type of analysis allows a micro-level investigation into how variables interact with one another over time. Despite their potential, however, there are no accepted best practices for the data collection, methodology, and analyses related to temporal network analyses. For example, there is not yet an accepted standard regarding sample size or number of total timepoints, nor standard assumption checks for the analyses, nor ways to assess the stability and robustness of analyses, and so on. We plan to conduct a systematic review to carefully audit all the current methodological practices and analyses used for temporal network analyses, to potentially develop a set of guidelines for future studies.
Formation and Evolution of Binary Asteroids
Creators: name: Walsh, Kevin J.
name: Jacobson, Seth A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Satellites of asteroids have been discovered in nearly every known small body population, and a remarkable aspect of the known satellites is the diversity of their properties. They tell a story of vast differences in formation and evolution mechanisms that act as a function of size, distance from the Sun, and the properties of their nebular environment at the beginning of Solar System history and their dynamical environment over the next 4.5 Gyr. The mere existence of these systems provides a laboratory to study numerous types of physical processes acting on asteroids and their dynamics provide a valuable probe of their physical properties otherwise possible only with spacecraft. Advances in understanding the formation and evolution of binary systems have been assisted by: 1) the growing catalog of known systems, increasing from 33 to nearly 250 between the Merline et al. (2002) Asteroids III chapter and now, 2) the detailed study and long-term monitoring of individual systems such as 1999 KW4 and 1996 FG3, 3) the discovery of new binary system morphologies and triple systems, 4) and the discovery of unbound systems that appear to be end-states of binary dynamical evolutionary paths. Specifically for small bodies (diameter smaller than 10 km), these observations and discoveries have motivated theoretical work finding that thermal forces can efficiently drive the rotational disruption of small asteroids. Long-term monitoring has allowed studies to constrain the system's dynamical evolution by the combination of tides, thermal forces and rigid body physics. The outliers and split pairs have pushed the theoretical work to explore a wide range of evolutionary end-states.
description: 42 pages, 4 figures, contribution to the Asteroids 4 book
A Physiological and Behavioral Investigation of the Role of Racism-Related Vigilance in Cross-Race Social Feedback
Creators: name: Merritt, Carrington
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: A variety of health disparities exist between White and Black individuals in the United States. These disparities persist even when accounting for factors such as socioeconomic status and access to healthcare, which suggests that the unique social experiences of belonging to a racial minority group may contribute to poorer health outcomes. Prior research has indicated that cross-race social interactions, both positive (e.g. receiving positive feedback from White individuals) and negative (e.g. experiencing discrimination) can evoke physiological stress-responses, which can ultimately influence Black individuals’ health outcomes. Inflammation is a specific physiological mechanism through which race-related social distress can manifest. Racism-related vigilance, which refers the mental actions involved in thinking about, preparing for, and anticipating potential experiences of discrimination (Hicken et al., 2013), represents one psychological construct that may be relevant to the ill-effects observed in both positive and negative cross-race interactions. The current study assesses the relationship between racism-related vigilance, perceived discrimination, and inflammation in Black individuals. It also investigates the extent of racism-related vigilance as a function of the type (e.g. positive or negative) of cross-race social feedback situations to which Black individuals are exposed. Vigilance was assessed using a self-report and a behavioral measure, which involved receiving social feedback from racial outgroup and ingroup evaluators. Inflammation was assayed via level of pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and perceived discrimination was measured via self-report. Heightened racism-related vigilance was associated perceived discrimination, but was not significantly related to levels of inflammation. Further, vigilance did not differ significantly across the different cross-race social feedback conditions. Though the findings of this study do not support predicted hypotheses, implications and future directions for the study of cross-race social experiences and their effects on race-related health disparities are discussed.
Protein Stability Under Biomolecular Crowding Conditions
Creators: name: Zhou, Larry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Macromolecular crowding has been shown by previous research to affect the stability of proteins. However, the effect of crowding by biologically relevant macromolecules is still not fully known. Using the N-terminal SH3 domain of the drk protein (drkN SH3) as a model protein, protein stability under biologically relevant crowding conditions was investigated using fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (19F NMR). Our results showed that cellular conditions, in addition to crowding by lysozyme destabilized drkN while bovine serum albumin crowding was slightly stabilizing.
fNIRS dataset (infant-caregiver natural play)
Creators: name: Piazza, Elise
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: communication
subject: development
subject: fNIRS
subject: infancy
subject: interaction
subject: intersubject correlation
subject: neural coupling
subject: neuroscience

description: fNIRS dataset, collected on a Shimadzu LabNIRS, from infant-adult dyads while the adult experimenter played with, sang to, and read to each child.
Fabry -Perot filters with Tunable Josephson Junction Defects
Creators: name: Pierro, Vincenzo
name: Filatrella, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to take advantage of the properties of long Josephson junctions to realize a frequency variable Fabry-Perot Filter that operates in the range 100-500 GHz with a bandwidth below 1 GHz. In fact, we show that it is possible to exploit the tunability of the effective impedance of the Josephson component, that is controlled by a dc bias, to tune, up to $10\%$ of the central frequency, the resonance of the system. An analysis of the linearized system indicates the range of operation and the main characteristic parameters Numerical simulations of the full nonlinear Josephson element confirm the behavior expected from the linear approximation.
description: To appear on Physica C
Efficacy of Repeat AbobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport®) Injections in Improving Gait in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy
Creators: name: Dursun, Nigar
name: Bonikowski, Marcin
name: Dabrowski, Edward
name: Matthews, Dennis
name: Gormley, Mark
name: Tilton, Ann
name: Carranza, Jorge
name: Grandoulier, Anne-Sophie
name: Picaut, Philippe
name: Delgado, Mauricio R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Purpose: This secondary analysis of a randomized, double-blind study plus open-label extension (NCT01249417/NCT01251380) evaluated the efficacy of abobotulinumtoxinA versus placebo in improving gait pattern in children with dynamic equinus due to cerebral palsy (CP) as assessed by the observational gait scale (OGS). Methods: Ambulatory children with CP (N = 241, aged 2–17) and dynamic equinus were randomized to treatment with abobotulinumtoxinA (10 or 15U/kg/leg) or placebo injected into the gastrocsoleus. All children received abobotulinumtoxinA in the open-label phase. Results: In the double-blind phase, abobotulinumtoxinA significantly improved OGS total scores versus placebo at Week 4 (treatment effect vs. placebo: 10U/kg/leg: 1.5 [0.7, 2.3], p = .0003; 15U/kg/leg: 1.1 [0.3, 1.9], p = .01). In the open-label phase, treatment with abobotulinumtoxinA continued to improve the OGS score at the same magnitude as seen in the double-blind study. Conclusion: Repeat treatment with abobotulinumtoxinA improved gait in children with dynamic equinus.
High Early Parental Expectations Predict Improved Independent Living and Quality of Life for  Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Creators: name: Schroeder, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The present study examined how early parental expectations of children with ASD related to long-term adult outcomes in these same children 20-40 years later. As part of a longitudinal follow-up study (LOST) of families seen by the University of North Carolina TEACCH Autism Program between 1965 and 1999, 80 archival records of parental estimates of childhood adaptive functioning and future adult outcome were obtained. Future estimates of adult outcome included expectations regarding living situation, education level, and relationship status. These predictions were combined to produce an overall estimate of parental expectations, which was compared to parental ratings of adaptive behavior (Waisman Activities of Daily Living), quality of life, and ASD symptomatology (Social Responsiveness Scale) in these same children, now middle-aged adults. Results showed that parental outcome expectations during childhood significantly predicted later adult adaptive behavior, adult quality of life and current autism symptomatology. Taken together, these findings suggest that higher parental expectations during childhood lead to higher levels of adaptive behavior and quality of life in adulthood, as well as less severe ASD symptomatology.