cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous multiple-users quantum communication across a spin chain channel
Creators: name: Yousefjani, Rozhin
name: Bayat, Abolfazl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution of spin chains has been extensively studied for transferring quantum states between different registers of a quantum computer. Nonetheless, in most of these protocols only one pair of sender-receivers can share the channel at each time. This significantly limits the rate of communication in a network of many users as they can only communicate through their common data-bus sequentially and not all at the same time. Here, we propose a protocol in which multiple users can share a spin chain channel simultaneously without having crosstalk between different parties. This is achieved by properly tuning the local parameters of the Hamiltonian to mediate an effective interaction between each pair of users via a distinct set of energy eigenstates of the system. We introduce three strategies with different levels of Hamiltonian tuning, each might be suitable for a different physical platform. All the three strategies provide very high transmission fidelities with vanishingly small crosstalks. We specifically show that our protocol can be experimentally realized on currently available superconducting quantum simulators.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Cost burden of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease following kidney transplants in Medicare-eligible patients by survival status
Creators: name: Hart, Allyson
name: Ahn, Yoon Son
name: Watson, Crystal
name: Skeans, Melissa
name: Barlev, Arie
name: Thompson, Bryn
name: Dharnidharka, Vikas R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Patients diagnosed with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) experience high mortality within the first 2 years of diagnosis; however, few data exist on the economic burden of PTLD in these patients. We determined the healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and cost burden of post-kidney transplant PTLD and evaluated how these differ by survival status. Utilizing data from the United States Renal Data System and the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, we identified 83,818 Medicare-covered kidney transplant recipients between 2007 and 2016, of which 347 had at least one Medicare claim during the first year after diagnosis of PTLD. We tabulated Medicare Part A and Part B and calculated per patient-year (PPY) costs. Patients diagnosed with PTLD in the first year post-transplant had Part A + B costs of $222,336 PPY, in contrast with $83,546 PPY in all kidney transplants. Post-transplant costs in the first year of PTLD diagnosis were similar regardless of the year of diagnosis. Cost burden for PTLD patients who died within 2 years of diagnosis was >3.3 times higher than PTLD patients still alive after 2 years. Of those who died within 2 years, the majority died within 6 months and costs were highest for these patients, with almost 7 times higher costs than PTLD patients who were still alive after 2 years. Medicare costs were the only costs examined in this study and may not be representative of other costs incurred, nor be generalizable to other insured populations. Patients were only Medicare eligible for 3 years after transplant unless aged ≥62 years, therefore any costs after this cut-off were not included. PTLD represents a considerable HRU and cost burden following kidney transplant, and the burden is most pronounced in patients who die within 6 months.
MOESM2 of A comprehensive protocol for ventilator weaning and extubation: a prospective observational study
Creators: name: Nitta, Kenichi
name: Okamoto, Kazufumi
name: Imamura, Hiroshi
name: Mochizuki, Katsunori
name: Takayama, Hiroshi
name: Kamijo, Hiroshi
name: Okada, Mayumi
name: Takeshige, Kanako
name: Kashima, Yuichiro
name: Satou, Takahisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Comparison of patient characteristics with prophylactic NPPV and conventional oxygen (O2) therapy.
The evolution of British imperial perceptions in Ireland and India c. 1650 - 1800
Creators: name: Chartrand, Alix Geneviève
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Comparative history
Ireland
India
British Empire
Connected history
Global history
Early modern period
Eighteenth century

description: This dissertation explores the correlation between British colonial experiences in Ireland and India c. 1650 – 1800. While the traditional characterisation of Ireland as a settlement colony and India as primarily a mercantile colony would suggest diverse imperial encounters, a comparative analysis of the two shows significant similarities. Temporal and/or geographical distances notwithstanding, the study’s thematic approach reveals recurring patterns regarding the relationships between colonisers and the colonised. The six chapters of this dissertation explore different elements of empire, concluding that comparable socio-political and agrarian principles were consistently implemented in both colonies. The first chapter explores history writing as a tool of historical appropriation and indigenous reconfiguration. The second looks at escalating legal responses to colonial violence and colonial jurisdiction’s role in defining social norms; the third considers the evolving forms of punishment dealt to ‘deviant’ colonial subjects. The fourth chapter looks at similar processes of agrarian reconfiguration that revealed broader imperial attitudes towards landownership and the fifth one elaborates on the use of visual representations of empire as propaganda tools to shape public opinion. In the final chapter, selected experiences of the Irish in India illustrate examples of colonial subjects’ collaboration in imperial expansion. By adopting a more heuristic and thematic approach to colonial experiences, this study adds to the growing literature that necessarily complicates the distinctions between metropole and periphery. It challenges the use of single points of reference which have routinely privileged the accounts and experiences of Britons in the scholarly analysis of cross-cultural and imperial interactions. Blending early modern and nineteenth-century experiences with regional and global history, the chapters address the history of emotions, law, material culture, economy, and politics to argue that processes of influence and transformation were indicative of a more layered and evolutionary development in response to colonial challenges. Such experimental approaches provide a more sustained understanding of the processes of continuity and change in Britain’s imperial evolution.
description: Cambridge Commonwealth Trust Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada Doctoral Fellowship
Scattering Through QCD Sphalerons
Creators: name: Zahed, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffractive parton-parton scattering in the soft pomeron regime can be explained by the production of a QCD sphaleron. Sphaleron production results into the emission of $3+2N_F$ gluons and quarks. At RHIC we expect many sphalerons to be released thereby affecting most prompt processes.
description: Contribution to quark matter 2002
Additional file 2 of Association of serum Cyr61 levels with peripheral arterial disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Feng, Bin
name: Xu, Guidong
name: Sun, Kangyun
name: Duan, Kaipeng
name: Shi, Bimin
name: Zhang, Nannan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Characteristics of study participants by quartiles of serum Cyr61. Data are the mean ± SD or percentage unless otherwise indicated. BMI body mass index; RAAS renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Approximating Values of Generalized-Reachability Stochastic Games
Creators: name: Ashok, Pranav
name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
name: Kretinsky, Jan
name: Weininger, Maximilian
name: Winkler, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Simple stochastic games are turn-based 2.5-player games with a reachability objective. The basic question asks whether one player can ensure reaching a given target with at least a given probability. A natural extension is games with a conjunction of such conditions as objective. Despite a plethora of recent results on the analysis of systems with multiple objectives, the decidability of this basic problem remains open. In this paper, we present an algorithm approximating the Pareto frontier of the achievable values to a given precision. Moreover, it is an anytime algorithm, meaning it can be stopped at any time returning the current approximation and its error bound.
Confidence Calibration and Predictive Uncertainty Estimation for Deep Medical Image Segmentation
Creators: name: Mehrtash, Alireza
name: Wells, William M.
name: Tempany, Clare M.
name: Abolmaesumi, Purang
name: Kapur, Tina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fully convolutional neural networks (FCNs), and in particular U-Nets, have achieved state-of-the-art results in semantic segmentation for numerous medical imaging applications. Moreover, batch normalization and Dice loss have been used successfully to stabilize and accelerate training. However, these networks are poorly calibrated i.e. they tend to produce overconfident predictions both in correct and erroneous classifications, making them unreliable and hard to interpret. In this paper, we study predictive uncertainty estimation in FCNs for medical image segmentation. We make the following contributions: 1) We systematically compare cross entropy loss with Dice loss in terms of segmentation quality and uncertainty estimation of FCNs; 2) We propose model ensembling for confidence calibration of the FCNs trained with batch normalization and Dice loss; 3) We assess the ability of calibrated FCNs to predict segmentation quality of structures and detect out-of-distribution test examples. We conduct extensive experiments across three medical image segmentation applications of the brain, the heart, and the prostate to evaluate our contributions. The results of this study offer considerable insight into the predictive uncertainty estimation and out-of-distribution detection in medical image segmentation and provide practical recipes for confidence calibration. Moreover, we consistently demonstrate that model ensembling improves confidence calibration.
description: Journal of IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
Management of State Forests in Estonia with Comparison to Finland
Creators: name: Kaimre, Paavo
name: Sirgmets, Risto
name: Leppanen, Jussi
name: Kaimre, Paavo
name: Sirgmets, Risto
name: Leppanen, Jussi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: state forestry
subject: roundwood supply
subject: profit target
subject: nature conservation
subject: organisational reform

description: The main goal of the study is to compare the management of Estonian public forests and the factors influencing the management with the Finnish public forests. The concept public forests refers here only to the forests managed by the state forest organizations--'RMK' in Estonia and 'Metsahallitus' in Finland. When analysing the management of state forests, all the goals set for the organisations have to be considered. In Finland, the goal setting has been more precise and complex than in Estonia, where the mission of RMK is formulated as the efficient ad sustainable forest management. In both countries the public owner's interests are reflected in the State Budget--financial provision to the Budget is very important driving force of the activity in both organisations. The indicators discussed in the study are supply of roundwood and financial performance of the forest management.
The Dynamical Status of the Cluster of Galaxies 1E0657-56
Creators: name: Barrena, R.
name: Biviano, A.
name: Ramella, M.
name: Falco, E. E.
name: Seitz, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a new spectroscopic and photometric survey of the hot X-ray cluster 1E0657-56, at z=0.296. We determine the presence of a low velocity dispersion subcluster, which is offset from the main cluster position by 0.7 Mpc and about 600 km/s. We determine the virial masses and total luminosities of the cluster and its subcluster, and solve for the two-body dynamical model. With additional constraints from the results of the analysis of the cluster X-ray emission by Markevitch et al. (2001), we find that the subcluster passed through the cluster centre about 0.15 Gyr ago. Taken at face value the mass of the subcluster is typical of a loose group. It is however difficult to establish the pre-merger mass of the colliding system. We provide tentative evidence that the subcluster is in fact the remnant core of a moderately massive cluster, stripped by the collision with 1E0657-56. The main cluster dynamics does not seem to have suffered from this collision. On the contrary, the cluster X-ray properties seem to have been significantly affected. We also discuss the effect of the subcluster collision in relation to starburst events and the cluster radio halo.
description: Accepted for publication on A&A
Challenges in Survey Research
Creators: name: Wagner, Stefan
name: Fernández, Daniel Méndez
name: Felderer, Michael
name: Graziotin, Daniel
name: Kalinowski, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While being an important and often used research method, survey research has been less often discussed on a methodological level in empirical software engineering than other types of research. This chapter compiles a set of important and challenging issues in survey research based on experiences with several large-scale international surveys. The chapter covers theory building, sampling, invitation and follow-up, statistical as well as qualitative analysis of survey data and the usage of psychometrics in software engineering surveys.
description: Accepted version of chapter in the upcoming book on Contemporary Empirical Methods in Software Engineering. Update includes revision of typos and additional figures. Last update includes fixing two small issues and typos
Investigating the calcium wave and actin dynamics at Drosophila egg activation
Creators: name: York-Andersen, Anna Henrietta
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: egg activation
calcium
drosophila
mrna
actin
actin wave
calcium wave
cytoskeleton
oocyte
oogenesis
osmolarity

description: Egg activation is a series of highly coordinated processes that prepare the mature oocyte for embryogenesis. Typically associated with fertilisation, egg activation results in the resumption of the cell cycle, expression of maternal mRNAs and cross-linking of the vitelline membrane. While some aspects of egg activation, such as initiation factors in mammals and environmental cues in sea animals, have been well-documented, the mechanics of egg activation in many animals are still not well understood. This is especially true for animals where fertilisation and egg activation are unlinked. In order to elucidate how egg activation is regulated independently of fertilisation, I use Drosophila melanogaster as a model system. This insect provides extensive genetic tools, ease of manipulation for experimentation and is amenable for imaging. Through visualisation of calcium, Processing bodies and meiotic spindles, I show that osmotic pressure acts as an initiation cue for the calcium wave and downstream processes, including the resumption of cell cycle and the dispersion of the translational repression sites. I further show that aquaporin channels, together with external sodium ions, play a role in coordinating swelling of the oocyte in response to the osmotic pressure. I proceed to identify the requirement of internal calcium sources together with a dynamic actin cytoskeleton for a calcium wave to occur. Through co-visualisation of calcium and actin, I provide the first evidence that the calcium wave is followed by a wavefront of non-cortical F-actin at egg activation, which requires the calcium wave. Genetic analysis supports a model where changes in osmotic pressure trigger the calcium wave via stretch sensitive calcium channels in the oocyte membrane and the calcium wave is relayed by nearby channels via the actin cytoskeleton. My work concludes that the mechanism of egg activation in Drosophila is more similar to plants, compared to most vertebrates.
Landowner Attitudes and Typologies in Relation to Forestry
Creators: name: Karppinen, Heimo
name: Karppinen, Heimo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: The article reviews typologies of non-industrial private forest (NIPF) owners' values values, attitudes and ownership objectives. Private forest management is primarily a voluntary action with few legal constraints. Forest owners are largely free to decide which management activities they pursue in their forests. The characteristics of the forest holding, owners' values and attitudes towards forestry, and objectives concerning their own forest property are each important factors that affect management decisions. Theoretically well-founded attitude or value typologies have been rare in the NIPF literature. The adoption of universal socio-psychological value theories is restricted by their generality and inability to adequately depict forest values. They can be employed as the basic theory of human requirements that are present also in the relationship between humans and nature. However, more specific theoretical value typologies towards nature or forests have been presented and also empirically tested. Empirical typologies concerning concerning the objectives of forest ownership or motivations for forest management have been more commonly created and adopted, and from the practical point of view they have been more useful. forest management behavior is basically volitional. Knowledge of forest owners' values, attitudes and landowner objectives and their impact on actual behavior is therefore important when planning and implementing public forest policies concerning non-industrial private forestry. Such knowledge is essential, for instance, when matching the supply an contents of forestry extension services to the varying motivations of owners. The identification of owner groups with different values, attitudes and objectives by readily observable owner and holding characteristics is crucial in this respect, but, unfortunately, too often ignore.
Cost burden of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease following kidney transplants in Medicare-eligible patients by survival status
Creators: name: Hart, Allyson
name: Ahn, Yoon Son
name: Watson, Crystal
name: Skeans, Melissa
name: Barlev, Arie
name: Thompson, Bryn
name: Dharnidharka, Vikas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Aims and Objectives: Patients diagnosed with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) experience high mortality within the first 2 years of diagnosis; however, few data exist on the economic burden of PTLD in these patients. We determined the healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and cost burden of post-kidney transplant PTLD and evaluated how these differ by survival status. Materials and Methods: Utilizing data from the United States Renal Data System and the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, we identified 83,818 Medicare-covered kidney transplant recipients between 2007 and 2016, of which 347 had at least one Medicare claim during the first year after diagnosis of PTLD. We tabulated Medicare Part A/Part B costs and calculated per patient-year (PPY) costs. Results: Patients diagnosed with PTLD in the first year post-transplant had Part A + B costs of $222,336 PPY, in contrast with $83,546 PPY in all kidney transplants. Post-transplant costs in the first year of PTLD diagnosis were similar regardless of the year of diagnosis. Cost burden for PTLD patients who died within 2 years of diagnosis was >3.3 times higher than PTLD patients still alive after 2 years. Of those who died within 2 years, the majority died within 6 months and costs were highest for these patients, with almost 7 times higher costs than PTLD patients who were still alive after 2 years. Limitations: Medicare costs were the only costs examined in this study and may not be representative of other costs incurred, nor be generalizable to other insured populations. Patients were only Medicare eligible for 3 years after transplant unless aged ≥62 years, therefore any costs after this cut-off were not included. PTLD represents a considerable HRU and cost burden following kidney transplant, and the burden is most pronounced in patients who die within 6 months.
Time-dependent $G$ in Einstein's equations as an alternative to the cosmological constant
Creators: name: Hanımeli, Ekim Taylan
name: Lamine, Brahim
name: Blanchard, Alain
name: Tutusaus, Isaac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate cosmologies where the gravitational constant varies in time, with the aim of explaining the accelerated expansion without a cosmological constant. We achieve this by considering a phenomenological extension to general relativity, modifying Einstein's field equations such that $G$ is a function of time, $G(t)$, and we preserve the geometrical consistency (Bianchi identity) together with the usual conservation of energy by introducing a new tensor field to the equations. In order to have concrete expressions to compare with cosmological data, we posit additional properties to this tensor field, in a way that it can be interpreted as a response of spacetime to a variation of $G$. Namely, we require that the energy this tensor represents is nonzero only when there is a time variation of $G$, and its energy depends on the scale factor only because of its coupling to $G$ and the matter and radiation energy densities. Focusing on the accelerated expansion period, we use type Ia supernovae and baryon acoustic oscillation data to determine the best fit of the cosmological parameters as well as the required variation in the gravitational constant. As a result, we find that it is possible to explain the accelerated expansion of the Universe with a variation of $G$ and no cosmological constant. The obtained variation of $G$ stays under 10 \% of its current value in the investigated redshift range and it is consistent with the local observations of $\dot{G}/G$.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, Phys. Rev. D Published in 12 March 2020 - https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.063513
Additional file 1 of Clinical features and outcomes of 1845 patients with follicular lymphoma: a real-world multicenter experience in China
Creators: name: Zha, Jie
name: Fan, Liyuan
name: Yi, Shuhua
name: Yu, Haifeng
name: Zheng, Zhong
name: Xu, Wei
name: Deng, Manman
name: Lin, Zhijuan
name: Li, Zhifeng
name: Ping, Lingyan
name: He, Xiaohua
name: Chen, Feili
name: Xie, Ying
name: Chen, Biyun
name: Zhang, Huilai
name: Wang, Li
name: Ding, Kaiyang
name: Li, Wenyu
name: Yang, Haiyan
name: Zhao, Weili
name: Qiu, Lugui
name: Li, Zhiming
name: Song, Yuqin
name: Xu, Bing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Patients and methods.
A knowledge‐based quantitative approach to characterize treatment plan quality: application to prostate VMAT planning
Creators: name: Alnaalwa, Buthayna
name: Nwankwo, Obioma
name: Abo‐Madyan, Yasser
name: Giordano, Frank A.
name: Wenz, Frederik
name: Glatting, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: knowledge‐based radiation therapy treatment planning
subject: OARs dose sparing
subject: quantitative quality control algorithm
subject: VMAT treatment plans re‐optimization
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Prostate cancer
subject: Prostatakrebs

description: Purpose To characterize treatment plan (TP) quality, a quantitative quality control (QC) tool is proposed. The tool is validated using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans for treatment of prostate cancer by estimating the achievable organ at risk (OAR) sparing, based on the knowledge learned from prior plans. Methods Prostate TP quality was investigated by evaluating the achieved OAR sparing in the rectum and bladder, based on their proximity to target surface. The knowledge base used in this work comprises 450 plans, consisting of 181 homogenous prostate plans and 269 simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) prostate plans. A knowledge‐based algorithm was used to relate the absorbed doses of the OARs (rectum and bladder) and their proximity to the planning target volume (PTV). A metric (Mq,r value) was calculated to characterize the OAR sparing based on the weighted differences of the mean doses at binned distances to the PTV surface. The 90% probability ellipse of the normally distributed OARs Mq,r values was considered to define a threshold above which the treatment plan was re‐optimized. Results Following re‐optimization, 8/11 of the homogenous plans and 6/13 of the SIB plans outside the 90% probability ellipse could be re‐optimized to gain better OAR sparing while achieving the same or better target coverage. However, 3/4 of the homogenous TPs and 1/9 of the SIB TPs between 80% and 90% were improved. Mq,r values of bladder and rectum after re‐optimizing the plans in both groups of homogenous and SIB showed lower values compared to the corresponding values before re‐optimization, which implies that better OARs sparing was achieved. Conclusions This work demonstrates an effective anatomy‐specific QC tool for identifying suboptimal plans and determining the achievable OAR sparing for each individual patient anatomy.
Predicting Forest Owners' Timber-selling Satisfaction
Creators: name: Karha, Kalle
name: Karha, Kalle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: forest owners
subject: timber trade
subject: satisfaction
subject: modelling
subject: discriminant analysis

description: The forest owners' timber-selling satisfaction has been researched only a little even it can be considered as an essential feature in the timber-sales transactions. The satisfaction survey was conducted for the Finnish non-industrial private forest owners. Forest owners sent back 796 completed questionnaire forms. The levels of the elements of timber-selling satisfaction-i.e. perceived performance, satisfaction, word-of-mouth communication, and behavioral intentions--were depicted and modeled. the forest owners' satisfaction elements were predicted by applying a canonical discriminant analysis in which the different background and performance variables were independent ones. Forest owners were mostly satisfied with the performance of the procurement companies in their most recent timber-sales transactions. There were several service performance variables in the canonical discriminant models.
MOESM1 of A comprehensive protocol for ventilator weaning and extubation: a prospective observational study
Creators: name: Nitta, Kenichi
name: Okamoto, Kazufumi
name: Imamura, Hiroshi
name: Mochizuki, Katsunori
name: Takayama, Hiroshi
name: Kamijo, Hiroshi
name: Okada, Mayumi
name: Takeshige, Kanako
name: Kashima, Yuichiro
name: Satou, Takahisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1. Outcomes in patients with and without reintubation after PERF.
MOESM1 of Patterns and drivers of species richness and turnover of neo-endemic and palaeo-endemic vascular plants in a Mediterranean hotspot: the case of Crete, Greece
Creators: name: Lazarina, Maria
name: Kallimanis, Athanasios
name: Panayotis Dimopoulos
name: Psaralexi, Maria
name: Danai-Eleni Michailidou
name: Sgardelis, Stefanos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1 (i) the generated timed phylogeny analysis of the vascular plants of Crete used in our study, Figures S2â S6 (ii) the species richness patterns and their drivers of non-endemic, neo-endemic and palaeo-endemic species, and Figures S7â S14 (iii) the I-splines of abiotic (predictors: bioclimatic variables, human population density and the percentage of human land uses) and biotic II (predictors: predictors of abiotic model and neo-endemic zeta diversity as predictor of palaeo-endemic zeta diversity and vice versa) Multi-Site Generalized Dissimilarity Models showing the contribution of different predictors to explaining zeta diversity of different species categories
The Assignment of Grammatical Gender in German: Testing Optimal Gender Assignment Theory
Creators: name: Corteen, Emma
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: grammatical gender
German
gender assignment

description: The assignment of grammatical gender in German is a notoriously problematic phenomenon due to the apparent opacity of the gender assignment system (e.g. Comrie 1999: 461). Various models of German gender assignment have been proposed (e.g. Spitz 1965, Köpcke 1982, Corbett 1991, Wegener 1995), but none of these is able to account for all of the German data. This thesis investigates a relatively under-explored, recent approach to German gender assignment in the form of Optimal Gender Assignment Theory (OGAT), proposed by Rice (2006). Using the framework of Optimality Theory, OGAT claims that the form and meaning of a noun are of equal importance with respect to its gender. This is formally represented by the crucial equal ranking of all gender assignment constraints in a block of gender features, which is in turn ranked above a default markedness hierarchy *NEUTER » *FEMININE » *MASCULINE, which is based on category size. A key weakness of OGAT is that it does not specify what constitutes a valid gender features constraint. This means that, in theory, any constraint can be proposed ad hoc to ensure that an OGAT analysis yields the correct result. In order to prevent any constraints based on ‘postfactum rationalisations’ (Comrie 1999: 461) from being included in the investigation, the gender features constraints which have been proposed in the literature for German are assessed according to six criteria suggested by Enger (2009), which seek to determine whether there is independent evidence for a gender features constraint. Using an independently-verified constraint set, OGAT is then tested on a sample of 592 nouns systematically selected from the Duden Rechtschreibung. The results indicate that OGAT is relatively successful in its predictions when compared to other approaches but that it cannot account fully for the sample data. Accordingly, a revised version of the theory is proposed (OGAT II), which involves the ranking of certain gender features constraints. It is found that OGAT II is able to account for the genders of around 95% of nouns in the sample. A number of specific aspects of OGAT II are then tested by means of an experiment in which native German speakers are required to assign genders to 26 pseudo-nouns. The results suggest that OGAT II comes the closest of the systems discussed in the literature to modelling how native speakers assign gender in German.
description: Funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council
Resolving the Effects of Resonant X-ray Line Scattering in Cen X-3 with Chandra
Creators: name: Wojdowski, Patrick S.
name: Liedahl, Duane A.
name: Sako, Masao
name: Kahn, Steven M.
name: Paerels, Frederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The massive X-ray binary Cen X-3 was observed over approximately one quarter of the system's 2.08 day orbit, beginning before eclipse and ending slightly after eclipse center with the Chandra X-ray Observatory using its High-Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer. The spectra show K shell emission lines from hydrogen- and helium-like ions of magnesium, silicon, sulfur, and iron as well as a K-alpha fluorescence emission feature from near-neutral iron. The helium-like n=2->1 triplet of silicon is fully resolved and the analogous triplet of iron is partially resolved. The helium-like triplet component flux ratios outside of eclipse are consistent with emission from recombination and subsequent cascades (recombination radiation) from a photoionized plasma. In eclipse, however, the w (resonance) lines of silicon and iron are stronger than that expected for recombination radiation, and are consistent with emission from a collisionally ionized plasma. The triplet line flux ratios at both phases can be explained more naturally, however, as emission from a photoionized plasma if the effects of resonant line scattering are included in addition to recombination radiation. We show that the emissivity due to resonant scattering depends sensitively on the line optical depth and, in the case of winds in X-ray binaries, this allows constraints on the wind velocity even when Doppler shifts cannot be resolved.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures, ApJ accepted, abridged in accord with referee's Comments
MOESM1 of Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of brief interventions targeting smoking, nutrition, and physical activity for indigenous populations: a narrative review
Creators: name: Mojan Fazelipour
name: Cunningham, Frances
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Search Subject Headings and Term Harvesting Table.
't Hooft loops and consistent order parameters for confinement
Creators: name: de Forcrand, Philippe
name: von Smekal, Lorenz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study ratios of partition functions in two types of sectors of SU(2), with fixed temporal center flux and with static fundamental charge. Both can be used as bona fide order parameters for the deconfinement transition.
description: 3 Pages, LaTeX 2.09 with espcrc2.sty, 4 Figures (epsfig), for Lattice2001(confinement)
Small scale forest owners’ economic, social and environmental responsibilities - literature review, discussion about responsibilities and results from case studies
Creators: name: Lönnstedt, Lars
name: Lagerlöf, Per
name: Scheibenpflug, Andreas
name: Lönnstedt, Lars
name: Lagerlöf, Per
name: Scheibenpflug, Andreas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: CSR
subject: corporate social responsibility
subject: sustainable
subject: cutting behavior
subject: supply
subject: non-market utilities
subject: local communities

description: Taking responsibility refers to balancing economic, social, and environmental concerns. Based on a short literature review about corporate responsibility and research about small scale forest owners this paper discusses small scale forest owners’ responsibilities for achieving a true sustainable forest management as well as stakeholders’ expectations on the owners, and potential conflicts between owners and stakeholders and between stakeholders. Results from an explorative study are reported. Interviews have been made with ten small scale forest owners, Swedish Forest Agency’s local office holders and a representative from WWF. The results show that the interviewed small scale forest owners take economic, environmental and social responsibilities but stress their personal economic responsibility. However, no conflict exists between economic and environmental responsibilities. The economic benefits for the owners for taking more environmental och social responsibility are small. The interviewed stakeholders expect the small scale forest owners to take responsibilities but that the weight the interviewed owners put to their wishes is low. This is an explorative study and a broader study is needed for testing the presented hypotheses.
Contracts as a Tool for Improving Efficiency in the Norwegian Roundwood Markets
Creators: name: Baardsen, Sjur
name: Baardsen, Sjur
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Contract theory
subject: timber market
subject: roundwood market

description: The principal objective of this work was to develop market competence and more efficient trade mechanisms in the Norwegian roundwood markets. The standard delivery contract covers about 90% of the traded roundwood volume in Norway. Information about the functioning of this contract was gathered by interviewing market agents, studying their homepages and arranging a workshop. This information was then used to contrast the standard delivery contract with a set of rules designed for best practice contracting, while at the same time taking into account that most of the roundwood sales are organised by cooperatives. Improvements of the contract are suggested.
A lattice estimate of the g_{D^* D pi} coupling
Creators: name: Abada, A.
name: Becirevic, D.
name: Boucaud, Ph.
name: Herdoiza, G.
name: Leroy, J. P.
name: Yaouanc, A. Le
name: Pene, O.
name: Rodriguez-Quintero, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of the first direct determination of the g_{D^* D pi} coupling using lattice QCD. From our simulations in the quenched approximation, we obtain g_{D^* D pi} = 18.8 +/- 2.3^{+1.1}_{-2.0} and hat(g) = 0.67 +/- 0.08^{+0.04}_{-0.06}. It is in agreement with a recent experimental result from CLEO.
description: Lattice2002(heavyquark), 3 pages, 3 figures
Rotation of stars in NGC 6134: a comparison of Delta Scuti stars and non-variable stars
Creators: name: Rasmussen, M. B.
name: Bruntt, H.
name: Frandsen, S.
name: Paunzen, E.
name: Maitzen, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of spectroscopic observations of selected stars in the southern open cluster NGC 6134. We have determined the rotational velocities of the six known Delta Scuti Stars in NGC 6134 as well as several other non-variable stars with similar colour temperature in order to investigate if v sin i and variability is somehow connected: we find no such correlation. We also compare the distribution of v sin i of Delta Scuti Stars and non-variable stars with four other well-studied open clusters to look for any systematic behaviour, but we find no conclusive evidence for v sin i and variability to be connected. We have also used the spectra to carry out an abundance analysis of the Delta Scuti Stars in NGC 6134 to confirm the high metal content of the cluster. We find [Fe/H] = +0.38 +/- 0.05 which is in agreement with the result obtained from Stromgren photometry. We also present Delta-a photometry of the cluster, but we find no chemical peculiar stars based on this index.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Palladium-Catalysed Carbonylation of Aliphatic Amines and its Application in the Total Synthesis of Cylindricine C
Creators: name: Hogg, Kirsten Fiona
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: C-H activation
carbonylation
palladium catalysis
Aliphatic amines

description: This thesis comprises three projects on the theme of catalytic C(sp3)–H carbonylation of secondary aliphatic amines. Chapter 2 describes the development of a general methyl C–H carbonylation of secondary aliphatic amines to form synthetically useful β-lactam building blocks. Amines exhibiting a range of substitution patterns around the nitrogen functionality, and bearing a wide variety of functional groups, could be tolerated in the reaction. The desired β-lactam products were delivered in high yields, with excellent selectivity observed for the β-C–H position. Computational studies suggested that the reaction proceeds through a novel carbamoyl cyclopalladation pathway, which is distinct from classical cyclopalladation. The subsequent discovery of a selective methylene C–H carbonylation of α-tertiary amines (ATAs) is discussed in chapter 3. By employing the ATA motif, remarkable levels of selectivity for β-methlyene C–H bonds were achieved, even in the presence of traditionally more reactive methyl C–H and C(sp2)–H bonds. Once more, the reaction was found to exhibit excellent functional group tolerance, delivering highly functionalised β-lactam building blocks in high yields and selectivity. Chapter 4 presents work towards the total synthesis of the marine natural product (±)cylindricine C. The key step of this synthesis was demonstrated to proceed in good yield and excellent selectivity.
Application of Maximum Entropy Method to Dynamical Fermions
Creators: name: Clowser, Jonathan
name: Strouthos, Costas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Maximum Entropy Method is applied to dynamical fermion simulations of the (2+1)-dimensional Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. This model is particularly interesting because at T=0 it has a broken phase with a rich spectrum of mesonic bound states and a symmetric phase where there are resonances, and hence the simple pole assumption of traditional fitting procedures breaks down. We present results extracted from simulations on large lattices for the spectral functions of the elementary fermion, the pion, the sigma, the massive pseudoscalar meson and the symmetric phase resonances.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, Lattice2001(hightemp)
Appendix_A_Supplementary material.pdf
Creators: name: Kandi, Maria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111205 Chemotherapy
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Appendix A, supplementary materialToxicity and dose adjustment: Definition of Unacceptable Toxicity (UT) and guideline for treatment modification at dept. of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
MOESM2 of Child marriage in Ghana: evidence from a multi-method study
Creators: name: Babatunde Ahonsi
name: Fuseini, Kamil
name: Nai, Dela
name: Goldson, Erika
name: Owusu, Selina
name: Ndifuna, Ismail
name: Icilda Humes
name: Tapsoba, Placide
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Appendix B. Key Informant Interview guide.
Melanophora argyriventris Cerretti & Pape 2009, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Cerretti, Pierfilippo
name: Pape, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Dothideomycetes
Myriangiales
Elsinoaceae
Melanophora
Melanophora argyriventris

description: Melanophora argyriventris (Curran, 1929) comb. nov.
 Bequaertiana argyriventris Curran, 1929: 15. Type locality: Du River, Liberia.
 Material examined. [None.]
 References. Crosskey 1977: 55 (as Bequaertiana) (and references therein); Pape 1986: 24 (as Bequaertiana).
 Description. See Crosskey (1977).
 Distribution. Liberia (cf. Crosskey 1977; Crosskey 1980, as Bequaertiana).
description: Published as part of Cerretti, Pierfilippo & Pape, Thomas, 2009, Phylogeny and re-definition of the genus Melanophora (Diptera: Rhinophoridae), with description of a new species from Sardinia *, pp. 552-565 in Zootaxa 2318 on page 560
Proposing a Research Agenda for Swedish Sawmill Distribution Channel Challenges
Creators: name: Gustafsson, Åsa
name: Rask, Lars-Olof
name: Gustafsson, Åsa
name: Rask, Lars-Olof
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Typology
subject: distribution channel challenges
subject: research needs
subject: and Swedish sawmill industry

description: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify distribution channel research needs given the variety of distribution channel challenges among Swedish sawmill companies. Design / methodology / approach: Explorative case study research Findings: The paper proposes a typology of sawmill distribution channel challenges, as well as aligns research needs with distribution channel type. The typology is based on i) number of sawmill units within the firm, in combination with ii) distribution channel heterogeneity. Significant management decisions and research needs are identified for the different types. Research limitations / implications: This research makes tentative statements regarding typology of sawmill distribution channel challenges and potential research needs in the Swedish sawmill industry with regards to the respective typology. However, further research is needed in order to validate these results. Contribution: This paper focuses on the sawmill industry distribution channels, which is a neglected but important area for sawmills’ competitive advantage. The paper also contributes to research by applying contingency theory and typology as an approach to deal with the variety of sawmills’ distribution channel challenges.