cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOESM1 of Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in West and Central Africa
Creators: name: Hendrickx, Emilie
name: Thomas, Lian
name: Dorny, Pierre
name: BobiÄ, Branko
name: Braae, Uffe
name: Devleesschauwer, Brecht
name: Eichenberger, Ramon
name: GabriĂŤl, Sarah
name: Saratsis, Anastasios
name: Torgerson, Paul
name: Robertson, Lucy
name: Dermauw, Veronique
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Text S1. Search protocol.
Opius (Gastrosema) importatus FISCHER 1971
Creators: name: Fischer, M.
name: Madl, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Opius
Opius importatus

description: Opius (Gastrosema) importatus FISCHER 1971
 Opius importatus FISCHER 1971: FISCHER 1974: 235 (Madagascar).
 Opius (Gastrosema) importatus FISCHER 1971: FISCHER 1987: 411 (key), 423 (descr., fig. 342).
 Opius (Gastrosema) importatus FISCHER 1971: FISCHER 1997: 123 (key).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Madagascar: Prov. Antananarivo: Massif de l'Ankaratra.
Known from the Ethiopian Region. Introduced into Hawaii for biological control and established.
description: Published as part of Fischer, M. & Madl, M., 2008, Review of the Opiinae of the Malagasy Subregion (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), pp. 1467-1489 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1474, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5431516
RUBi: Reducing Unimodal Biases in Visual Question Answering
Creators: name: Cadene, Remi
name: Dancette, Corentin
name: Ben-younes, Hedi
name: Cord, Matthieu
name: Parikh, Devi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual Question Answering (VQA) is the task of answering questions about an image. Some VQA models often exploit unimodal biases to provide the correct answer without using the image information. As a result, they suffer from a huge drop in performance when evaluated on data outside their training set distribution. This critical issue makes them unsuitable for real-world settings. We propose RUBi, a new learning strategy to reduce biases in any VQA model. It reduces the importance of the most biased examples, i.e. examples that can be correctly classified without looking at the image. It implicitly forces the VQA model to use the two input modalities instead of relying on statistical regularities between the question and the answer. We leverage a question-only model that captures the language biases by identifying when these unwanted regularities are used. It prevents the base VQA model from learning them by influencing its predictions. This leads to dynamically adjusting the loss in order to compensate for biases. We validate our contributions by surpassing the current state-of-the-art results on VQA-CP v2. This dataset is specifically designed to assess the robustness of VQA models when exposed to different question biases at test time than what was seen during training. Our code is available: github.com/cdancette/rubi.bootstrap.pytorch
description: NeurIPS 2019 http://papers.nips.cc/paper/8371-rubi-reducing-unimodal-biases-for-visual-question-answering
Ultrafast processing of pixel detector data with machine learning frameworks
Creators: name: Blaj, Gabriel
name: Chang, Chu-En
name: Kenney, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern photon science performed at high repetition rate free-electron laser (FEL) facilities and beyond relies on 2D pixel detectors operating at increasing frequencies (towards 100 kHz at LCLS-II) and producing rapidly increasing amounts of data (towards TB/s). This data must be rapidly stored for offline analysis and summarized in real time. While at LCLS all raw data has been stored, at LCLS-II this would lead to a prohibitive cost; instead, enabling real time processing of pixel detector raw data allows reducing the size and cost of online processing, offline processing and storage by orders of magnitude while preserving full photon information, by taking advantage of the compressibility of sparse data typical for LCLS-II applications. We investigated if recent developments in machine learning are useful in data processing for high speed pixel detectors and found that typical deep learning models and autoencoder architectures failed to yield useful noise reduction while preserving full photon information, presumably because of the very different statistics and feature sets between computer vision and radiation imaging. However, we redesigned in Tensorflow mathematically equivalent versions of the state-of-the-art, "classical" algorithms used at LCLS. The novel Tensorflow models resulted in elegant, compact and hardware agnostic code, gaining 1 to 2 orders of magnitude faster processing on an inexpensive consumer GPU, reducing by 3 orders of magnitude the projected cost of online analysis at LCLS-II. Computer vision a decade ago was dominated by hand-crafted filters; their structure inspired the deep learning revolution resulting in modern deep convolutional networks; similarly, our novel Tensorflow filters provide inspiration for designing future deep learning architectures for ultrafast and efficient processing and classification of pixel detector images at FEL facilities.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 7 of Molecular mechanism of mulberry response to drought stress revealed by complementary transcriptomic and iTRAQ analyses
Creators: name: Li, Ruixue
name: Su, Xueqiang
name: Zhou, Rong
name: Zhang, Yuping
name: Wang, Taichu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Table S7. Stay green rice genes related response of mulberry to drought stress.
Continuity Equation in Nonlinear Quantum Mechanics and the Galilei Relativity Principle
Creators: name: Fushchych, Wilhelm I.
name: Boyko, Vyacheslav M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q55, 58J70, 81Q05

description: Classes of the nonlinear Schrodinger-type equations compatible with the Galilei relativity principle are described. Solutions of these equations satisfy the continuity equation.
description: 6 pages
Signatures of the orbital angular momentum of an infrared light beam in the two-photon transition matrix element: A step toward attosecond chronoscopy of photoionization
Creators: name: Giri, Sucharita
name: Ivanov, Misha
name: Dixit, Gopal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory of time-resolved photoionisation in the presence of a vortex beam. In a pump-probe setup, an extreme ultraviolet or an x-ray pump pulse triggers ionization, which is probed by a synchronized infrared pulse with non-zero orbital angular momentum. We show, how this property of the probe pulse affects the electron dynamics upon ionization, in a way that is independent of the initial and final angular momentum states of the ionizing system.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Probabilistic Coreference in Information Extraction
Creators: name: Kehler, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Certain applications require that the output of an information extraction system be probabilistic, so that a downstream system can reliably fuse the output with possibly contradictory information from other sources. In this paper we consider the problem of assigning a probability distribution to alternative sets of coreference relationships among entity descriptions. We present the results of initial experiments with several approaches to estimating such distributions in an application using SRI's FASTUS information extraction system.
description: LaTeX, 11 pages, requires aclap.sty
Microsatellite null alleles affected population genetic analyses: a case study of Maire yew (Taxus chinensis var. mairei)
Creators: name: Xingtong Wu
name: Libao Wang
name: Donglin Zhang
name: Yafeng Wen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Microsatellite markers are widely used in population genetic analyses. However, the common occurrence of null alleles and their effect on population parameters such as observed heterozygosity, genetic differentiation coefficient, etc., needs to be addressed. Two microsatellite data sets based on original and redesigned primers were used to assess the effect of null alleles on population genetic analyses of Maire yew (Taxus chinensis var. mairei). When amplified with the original primer set, both loci exhibited the presence of null alleles. Four populations significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to heterozygote deficiencies. Once the null alleles were eliminated using new primers, almost all populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Average observed heterozygosity values (He) increased from He = 0.197 to He = 0.497 while the fixation index (FIS) decreased from FIS = 0.566 to FIS = −0.060.Genetic differentiation (FST) between populations was more pronounced using the new set of primers (FST = 0.221) compared to the original one (FST = 0.150). When the original data were corrected for the presence of null alleles using the ENA method, global FST was still biased compared to the actual results estimated by the new primer set. Our empirical study on Maire yew populations suggests that null alleles can alter the results of population genetic analyses significantly. This suggests that re-designing new primers or increasing the number of markers may eliminate the effect of the null alleles.
Quartic Coupling Unification in the Maximally Symmetric 2HDM
Creators: name: Darvishi, Neda
name: Pilaftsis, Apostolos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Maximally Symmetric Two-Higgs Doublet Model (MS-2HDM) in which the so-called Standard Model (SM) alignment can be naturally realised as a consequence of an accidental SO(5) symmetry in the Higgs sector. This symmetry is broken (i) explicitly by renormalization-group (RG) effects and (ii) softly by the bilinear scalar mass term $m^2_{12}$. We find that in the MS-2HDM all quartic couplings can unify at large RG scales $μ_X \sim 10^{11}\,$-$\,10^{20}$ GeV. In particular, we show that quartic coupling unification can take place in two different conformally invariant points, where all quartic couplings vanish. We perform a vacuum stability analysis of the model in order to ensure that the electro-weak vacuum is sufficiently long-lived. The MS-2HDM is a minimal and very predictive extension of the SM governed by only three additional parameters: the unification scale $μ_X$, the charged Higgs mass $M_{h^{\pm}}$ (or $m^2_{12}$) and $\tanβ$, which allow one to determine the entire Higgs sector of the model. In terms of these input parameters, we present illustrative predictions of misalignment for the SM-like Higgs-boson couplings to the $W^\pm$ and $Z$ bosons and, for the first time, to the top and bottom quarks.
description: Minor typo corrected
Some Properties of Preposition and Subordinate Conjunction Attachments
Creators: name: Yeh, Alexander S.
name: Vilain, Marc B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Determining the attachments of prepositions and subordinate conjunctions is a key problem in parsing natural language. This paper presents a trainable approach to making these attachments through transformation sequences and error-driven learning. Our approach is broad coverage, and accounts for roughly three times the attachment cases that have previously been handled by corpus-based techniques. In addition, our approach is based on a simplified model of syntax that is more consistent with the practice in current state-of-the-art language processing systems. This paper sketches syntactic and algorithmic details, and presents experimental results on data sets derived from the Penn Treebank. We obtain an attachment accuracy of 75.4% for the general case, the first such corpus-based result to be reported. For the restricted cases previously studied with corpus-based methods, our approach yields an accuracy comparable to current work (83.1%).
description: 7 pages, uses colacl.sty
How Gas Accretion Feeds Galactic Disks
Creators: name: Ho, Stephanie H.
name: Martin, Crystal L.
name: Turner, Monica L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerous observations indicate that galaxies need a continuous gas supply to fuel star formation and explain the star formation history. However, direct observational evidence of gas accretion remains rare. Using the EAGLE cosmological hydrodynamic simulation suite, we study cold gas accretion onto galaxies and the observational signatures of the cold gas kinematics. For EAGLE galaxies at z=0.27, we find that cold gas accretes onto galaxies anisotropically with typical inflow speeds between 20 km s$^{-1}$ and 60 km s$^{-1}$. Most of these galaxies have comparable mass inflow rates and star formation rates, implying that the cold inflowing gas plausibly accounts for sustaining the star-forming activities of the galaxies. As motivation for future work to compare the cold gas kinematics with measurements from quasar sightline observations, we select an EAGLE galaxy with an extended cold gas disk, and we probe the cold gas using mock quasar sightlines. We demonstrate that by viewing the disk edge-on, sightlines at azimuthal angles below 10$^{\circ}$ and impact parameters out to 60 pkpc can detect cold gas that corotates with the galaxy disk. This example suggests cold gas disks that extend beyond the optical disks possibly explain the sightline observations that detect corotating cold gas near galaxy major axes.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures; accepted by ApJ
SIYOSATNING YANGI QUROLI
Creators: name: Marifjonova, Mehribonu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Bugungi kunga kelib, siyosatda muloqotning yangi shakllari va turlari paydo bo‘lib, ular global Internetda dinamik ravishda mashhur bo‘lib bormoqda. Internet siyosat sohasidagi zamonaviy axborot makonining qismlaridan biriga aylandi. Ushbu mavzuda global tarmoqlardan siyosatning quroli sifatida foydalanish haqida soʻz boradi.
Troglops reitteri Fleischer 1910
Creators: name: Hájek, Jiří
name: Švihla, Vladimír
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Melyridae
Troglops
Troglops reitteri

description: Troglops reitteri Fleischer, 1910
 Troglops Reitteri Fleischer, 1910: 146.
The holotype is deposited in NMPC (ex coll. A. Fleischer):
HOLOTYPE (J): ‘unicum [hw, orange label] // Turkestan / Wernyi [hw] // 25. V.05 [hw] // Reitteri m. [hw] / Dr.Fleischer determ. [p] // Cephaloncus / reitteri / (Fleischer) [hw] det. W. Wittmer [p]’.
 Current status. Cephaloncus reitteri reitteri (Fleischer, 1910), see WITTMER (1956).
description: Published as part of Hájek, Jiří & Švihla, Vladimír, 2012, Catalogue of the type specimens of beetles (Coleoptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 603-654 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 (2) on page 649, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5332821
Opius (Frekius) contrarius FISCHER 1963
Creators: name: Fischer, M.
name: Madl, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Opius
Opius contrarius

description: Opius (Frekius) contrarius FISCHER 1963
 Opius (Opius) contrarius nov.sp.: FISCHER 1963a: 197 (key), 203 (descr., fig. 6, Madagascar).
 Opius contrarius FISCHER 1963: FISCHER 1968: 152 (key).
 Opius contrarius FISCHER 1963: FISCHER 1971c: 57 (cat.).
 Opius (Frekius) contrarius FISCHER 1963: FISCHER 1971d: 390 (tax., key).
 Opius (Frekius) contrarius FISCHER 1963: FISCHER 1983: 233 (key).
 Opius contrarius FISCHER 1963: PAPP 1985: 211 (cat.).
 Opius (Frekius) contrarius FISCHER 1963: FISCHER 1987: 50 (key), 52 (descr., fig. 36, Madagascar).
 Opius (Frekius) contrarius FISCHER 1963: FISCHER 2004: 315 (key).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Madagascar: Prov. Antananarivo: Massif de l'Ankaratra.
Endemic.
description: Published as part of Fischer, M. & Madl, M., 2008, Review of the Opiinae of the Malagasy Subregion (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), pp. 1467-1489 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1474, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5431516
A UV perspective on mixed anomalies at critical points between bosonic symmetry-protected phases
Creators: name: Bultinck, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetry-protected phases are gapped phases of matter which are distinguished only in the presence of a global symmetry G. These quantum phases lack any symmetry-breaking or topological order, and have short-range entangled ground states. Based on this short-range entanglement property, we give a general argument for the existence of an emergent unitary or anti-unitary $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry at a critical point separating two different bosonic symmetry-protected phases in any dimension. Often, the emergent symmetry group at criticality has a mixed global anomaly. For those phases classified by group cohomology, we identify a criterion for when such a mixed global anomaly is present, and write down representative cocycles for the corresponding anomaly class. We illustrate our results with a series of examples, and make connections to recent results on (2 + 1)-d beyond-Landau critical points.
Microsatellite null alleles affected population genetic analyses: a case study of Maire yew (Taxus chinensis var. mairei)
Creators: name: Xingtong Wu
name: Libao Wang
name: Donglin Zhang
name: Yafeng Wen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Microsatellite markers are widely used in population genetic analyses. However, the common occurrence of null alleles and their effect on population parameters such as observed heterozygosity, genetic differentiation coefficient, etc., needs to be addressed. Two microsatellite data sets based on original and redesigned primers were used to assess the effect of null alleles on population genetic analyses of Maire yew (Taxus chinensis var. mairei). When amplified with the original primer set, both loci exhibited the presence of null alleles. Four populations significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to heterozygote deficiencies. Once the null alleles were eliminated using new primers, almost all populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Average observed heterozygosity values (He) increased from He = 0.197 to He = 0.497 while the fixation index (FIS) decreased from FIS = 0.566 to FIS = −0.060.Genetic differentiation (FST) between populations was more pronounced using the new set of primers (FST = 0.221) compared to the original one (FST = 0.150). When the original data were corrected for the presence of null alleles using the ENA method, global FST was still biased compared to the actual results estimated by the new primer set. Our empirical study on Maire yew populations suggests that null alleles can alter the results of population genetic analyses significantly. This suggests that re-designing new primers or increasing the number of markers may eliminate the effect of the null alleles.
Deriving the Predicate-Argument Structure for a Free Word Order Language
Creators: name: Bozsahin, Cem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In relatively free word order languages, grammatical functions are intricately related to case marking. Assuming an ordered representation of the predicate-argument structure, this work proposes a Combinatory Categorial Grammar formulation of relating surface case cues to categories and types for correctly placing the arguments in the predicate-argument structure. This is achieved by assigning case markers GF-encoding categories. Unlike other CG formulations, type shifting does not proliferate or cause spurious ambiguity. Categories of all argument-encoding grammatical functions follow from the same principle of category assignment. Normal order evaluation of the combinatory form reveals the predicate-argument structure. Application of the method to Turkish is shown.
description: 7 pages LaTeX; uses {times,avm,lingmacros,tree-dvips}.sty; minor corrections in the abstract
Global fit to $b \to c τν$ transitions
Creators: name: Murgui, Clara
name: Peñuelas, Ana
name: Jung, Martin
name: Pich, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a general model-independent analysis of $b \to c τ\barν_τ$ transitions, including measurements of $\mathcal{R}_D$, $\mathcal{R}_{D^*}$, their $q^2$ differential distributions, the recently measured longitudinal $D^*$ polarization $F_L^{D^*}$, and constraints from the $B_c \to τ\barν_τ$ lifetime, each of which has significant impact on the fit. A global fit to a general set of Wilson coefficients of an effective low-energy Hamiltonian is presented, the solutions of which are interpreted in terms of hypothetical new-physics mediators. From the obtained results we predict selected $b \to cτ\barν_τ$ observables, such as the baryonic transition $Λ_b \to Λ_c τ\barν_τ$, the ratio $\mathcal{R}_{J/ψ}$, the forward-backward asymmetries ${\cal A}_\text{FB}^{D^{(*)}}$, the $τ$ polarization asymmetries $\mathcal{P}_τ^{D^{(*)}}$, and the longitudinal $D^*$ polarization fraction $F_L^{D^*}$. The latter shows presently a slight tension with any new-physics model, such that an improved measurement could have an important impact. We also discuss the potential change due the very recently announced preliminary $\mathcal{R}_{D^{(*)}}$ measurement by the Belle collaboration.
description: 47 pages, 12 figures. Version published at JHEP
title: A sting in the spit
title: widespread cross-infection of multiple RNA viruses across wild and managed bees
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: McMahon, Dino
name: Fürst, Matthias
name: Caspar, Jesicca
name: Theodorou, Panagiotis
name: Brown, Mark
name: Paxton, Robert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Apis
subject: Bombus
subject: decline
subject: pathogen
subject: spillover
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Declining populations of bee pollinators are a cause of concern, with major repercussions for biodiversity loss and food security. RNA viruses associated with honeybees represent a potential threat to other insect pollinators, but the extent of this threat is poorly understood. This study aims to attain a detailed understanding of the current and ongoing risk of emerging infectious disease (EID) transmission between managed and wild pollinator species across a wide range of RNA viruses. Within a structured large-scale national survey across 26 independent sites, we quantify the prevalence and pathogen loads of multiple RNA viruses in co-occurring managed honeybee (Apis mellifera) and wild bumblebee (Bombus spp.) populations. We then construct models that compare virus prevalence between wild and managed pollinators. Multiple RNA viruses associated with honeybees are widespread in sympatric wild bumblebee populations. Virus prevalence in honeybees is a significant predictor of virus prevalence in bumblebees, but we remain cautious in speculating over the principle direction of pathogen transmission. We demonstrate species-specific differences in prevalence, indicating significant variation in disease susceptibility or tolerance. Pathogen loads within individual bumblebees may be high and in the case of at least one RNA virus, prevalence is higher in wild bumblebees than in managed honeybee populations. Our findings indicate widespread transmission of RNA viruses between managed and wild bee pollinators, pointing to an interconnected network of potential disease pressures within and among pollinator species. In the context of the biodiversity crisis, our study emphasizes the importance of targeting a wide range of pathogens and defining host associations when considering potential drivers of population decline.
Relativistic effects in the large-scale structure with effective dark energy fluids
Creators: name: Barrera-Hinojosa, Cristian
name: Sapone, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the imprints of an effective dark energy fluid in the large scale structure of the universe through the observed angular power spectrum of galaxies in the relativistic regime. We adopt the phenomenological approach that introduces two parameters $\{Q,η\}$ at the level of linear perturbations and allow to take into account the modified clustering (or effective gravitational constant) and anisotropic stress appearing in models beyond $Λ$CDM. We characterize the effective dark energy fluid by an equation of state parameter $w=-0.95$ and various sound speed cases in the range $10^{-6}\leq c^2_s\leq 1$, thus covering K-essence and quintessence cosmologies. We calculate the angular power spectra of standard and relativistic effects for these scenarios under the $\{Q,η\}$ parametrization, and we compare these relative to a fiducial $Λ$CDM cosmology. We find that, overall, deviations relative to $Λ$CDM are stronger at low redshift since the behavior of the dark energy fluid can mimic the cosmological constant during matter domination era but departs during dark energy domination. In particular, at $z=0.1$ the matter density fluctuations are suppressed by up to $\sim3\%$ for the quintessence-like case, while redshift-space distortions and Doppler effect can be enhanced by $\sim15\%$ at large scales for the lowest sound speed scenario. On the other hand, at $z=2$ we find deviations of up to $\sim5\%$ in gravitational lensing, whereas the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect can deviate up to $\sim17\%$. Furthermore, when considering an imperfect dark energy fluid scenario, we find that all effects are insensitive to the presence of anisotropic stress at low redshift, and only the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect can detect this feature at $z=2$ and very large scales.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures, comments on dark energy anisotropic stress added, results unchanged. Matches published version
Novel critical behavior of magnetization in URhSi:Similarities to uranium ferromagnetic superconductors UGe$_2$ and URhGe
Creators: name: Tateiwa, Naoyuki
name: Haga, Yoshinori
name: Yamamoto, Etsuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the critical behavior of dc magnetization in the uranium ferromagnet URhSi around the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase transition at T_C~ 10 K with a modified Arrott plot, a Kouvel-Fisher plot, the critical isotherm analysis and the scaling analysis. URhSi is isostructural to uranium ferromagnetic superconductors URhGe and UCoGe. The critical exponent beta for the temperature dependence of the spontaneous magnetization below TC, gamma for the magnetic susceptibility, and delta for the magnetic isotherm at T_C in URhSi have been determined as beta = 0.300 +- 0.002, gamma = 1.00 +- 0.02, and delta = 4.38 +- 0.04 by the scaling analysis and the critical isotherm analysis. These critical exponents fulfill the Widom scaling law delta = 1+ gamma/beta. Magnetization has strong uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in the ferromagnetic state of URhSi. However, the universality class of the ferromagnetic transition does not belong to the 3D Ising system with short-range exchange interactions between magnetic moments (beta = 0.325, gamma = 1.241, and delta = 4.82). The obtained exponents in URhSi are similar to those in the uranium ferromagnetic superconductors UGe_2 and URhGe, and uranium ferromagnets UIr and U(Co_0.98Os_0.02)Al. We have previously reported the unconventional critical behavior of magnetization in the uranium ferromagnetic superconductors [N. Tateiwa et al. Phys. Rev. B 89, 064420 (2014)]. The universality class of the ferromagnetic transition in URhSi may belong to the same one in the uranium ferromagnetic superconductors and the uranium ferromagnets. The unconventional critical behavior of the magnetization in the uranium compounds cannot be understood with previous theoretical interpretations of critical phenomena. The absence of the superconductivity in URhSi is discussed from several viewpoints.
Can financial and economic indicators explain conflict intensity?
Creators: Gostelow, Bernadette Paulyn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Civil war
subject: Money laundering
subject: Political violence
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: How does money laundering affect civil wars? In the thesis, the author argues that there are considerable synergies between the two. Within money laundering, there are precise indicators but little data on the true scale of money laundering because of the sensitivity of the data. Within political violence, there is data on conflict intensity but few precise indicators that explain variation. By considering how civil war organizations use money laundering, this thesis demonstrates that money laundering indicators are more consistent predictors of political violence than those traditionally used in political violence studies. This thesis surveys civil war violence in Myanmar, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Indonesia from 1997 to 2019.
Online-only Data Supplement.docx
Creators: name: Wang, Zhen
name: Zihao Fu
name: Yang, Yong
name: Wenjuan Xing
name: Zhang, Xing
name: Jiaping Wang
name: Yongzhi Li
name: Lijun Yuan
name: Gao, Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60601 Animal Physiology - Biophysics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cardiology

description: Supplementary Data of the manuscript "A Novel Methodology for Rat Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity Assessment by Doppler Ultrasound: Validation against Invasive Measurements" subbmitted to AJP- Heart and Circulatory Physiology
Grade free product formulae from Grassmann Hopf gebras
Creators: name: Fauser, Bertfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W30; 15A66

description: In the traditional approaches to Clifford algebras, the Clifford product is evaluated by recursive application of the product of a one-vector (span of the generators) on homogeneous i.e. sums of decomposable (Grassmann), multivectors and later extended by bilinearity. The Hestenesian 'dot' product, extending the one-vector scalar product, is even worse having exceptions for scalars and the need for applying grade operators at various times. Moreover, the multivector grade is not a generic Clifford algebra concept. The situation becomes even worse in geometric applications if a meet, join or contractions have to be calculated. Starting from a naturally graded Grassmann Hopf gebra, we derive general formulae for the products: meet and join, comeet and cojoin, left/right contraction, left/right cocontraction, Clifford and co-Clifford products. All these product formulae are valid for any grade and any inhomogeneous multivector factors in Clifford algebras of any bilinear form, including non-symmetric and degenerated forms. We derive the three well known Chevalley formulae as a specialization of our approach and will display co-Chevalley formulae. The Rota--Stein cliffordization is shown to be the generalization of Chevalley deformation. Our product formulae are based on invariant theory and are not tied to representations/matrices and are highly computationally effective. The method is applicable to symplectic Clifford algebras too.
description: uses pstricks for tangle pictures, 24p + toc,index; pdf file may be corrupt, see http://kaluza.physik.uni-konstanz.de/~fauser/
Additional file 1 of Development of a multiplex droplet digital PCR assay for detection of enterovirus, parechovirus, herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 simultaneously for diagnosis of viral CNS infections
Creators: name: Zhu, Xunhua
name: Liu, Pengcheng
name: Lu, Lijuan
name: Zhong, Huaqing
name: Xu, Menghua
name: Jia, Ran
name: Su, Liyun
name: Cao, Lingfeng
name: Sun, Yameng
name: Guo, Meijun
name: Sun, Jianyue
name: Xu, Jin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1: The result of limit of blank (LOB) from 10 mNGS-negative CSF samples and 4 no-template controls. Figure S2: The result of analytical specificity from 14 pathogens and positive control. Table S1: Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with positive specimens.
Tactical Generation in a Free Constituent Order Language
Creators: name: Hakkani, Dilek Zeynep
name: Oflazer, Kemal
name: Cicekli, Ilyas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes tactical generation in Turkish, a free constituent order language, in which the order of the constituents may change according to the information structure of the sentences to be generated. In the absence of any information regarding the information structure of a sentence (i.e., topic, focus, background, etc.), the constituents of the sentence obey a default order, but the order is almost freely changeable, depending on the constraints of the text flow or discourse. We have used a recursively structured finite state machine for handling the changes in constituent order, implemented as a right-linear grammar backbone. Our implementation environment is the GenKit system, developed at Carnegie Mellon University--Center for Machine Translation. Morphological realization has been implemented using an external morphological analysis/generation component which performs concrete morpheme selection and handles morphographemic processes.
description: gzipped, uuencoded postscript file
A Review on the Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-Cr-Zr-Ti alloys.pdf
Creators: name: Mandal, Aban
name: Chatterjee, Shuvamoy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91207 Metals and Alloy Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: For the Cu-Cr-Zr system the main heat treatment process that is followed is as mentioned in literature is, Solution Annealing at 1253 K for 10 to 30 mins , followed by water quenching , then ageing at 753 – 773 K for 2 hours. Investigative studies on Cu-Cr-Zr-Ti alloy confirmed the presence of four phases copper matrix, coarse chromium-rich particles, fine ZrS2, and TiS2 particles. Aging of ST samples at 500 C for 2 h led to the formation of a new phase: fine bcc chromium precipitates with an average size of 3.0 ± 1.0 nm. In the ST condition, the yield strength was 87 MPa and on aging the yield strength increased to 212 MPa and 161 MPa after aging at 500 and 600 C, respectively. The increase in strength after aging has been attributed to formation of fine bcc chromium precipitates. The combination of high strength and ductility was achieved by aging at 500 C for 2 h: ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of 330 and 212 MPa, respectively, retaining ductility of 23%.
Self-Testing of Universal and Fault-Tolerant Sets of Quantum Gates
Creators: name: van Dam, Wim
name: Magniez, Frederic
name: Mosca, Michele
name: Santha, Miklos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the design of self-testers for quantum gates. A self-tester for the gates F_1,...,F_m is a classical procedure that, given any gates G_1,...,G_m, decides with high probability if each G_i is close to F_i. This decision has to rely only on measuring in the computational basis the effect of iterating the gates on the classical states. It turns out that instead of individual gates, we can only design procedures for families of gates. To achieve our goal we borrow some elegant ideas of the theory of program testing: we characterize the gate families by specific properties, we develop a theory of robustness for them, and show that they lead to self-testers. In particular we prove that the universal and fault-tolerant set of gates consisting of a Hadamard gate, a c-NOT gate, and a phase rotation gate of angle pi/4 is self-testable.
description: LaTeX2e, 14 pages, no figures, usepackage{a4wide,amssymb,amsmath}; major changes (Feb 2000), results expanded to 2-qubit gates. To appear in Proceedings of the 32nd Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing
A Review of Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-Cr-Zr-Ti alloys.pdf
Creators: name: Mandal, Aban
name: Chatterjee, Shuvamoy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91207 Metals and Alloy Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: For the Cu-Cr-Zr system the main heat treatment process that is followed is as mentioned in literature is, Solution Annealing at 1253 K for 10 to 30 mins , followed by water quenching , then ageing at 753 – 773 K for 2 hours. Investigative studies on Cu-Cr-Zr-Ti alloy confirmed the presence of four phases copper matrix, coarse chromium-rich particles, fine ZrS2, and TiS2 particles. Aging of ST samples at 500 C for 2 h led to the formation of a new phase: fine bcc chromium precipitates with an average size of 3.0 ± 1.0 nm. In the ST condition, the yield strength was 87 MPa and on aging the yield strength increased to 212 MPa and 161 MPa after aging at 500 and 600 C, respectively. The increase in strength after aging has been attributed to formation of fine bcc chromium precipitates. The combination of high strength and ductility was achieved by aging at 500 C for 2 h: ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of 330 and 212 MPa, respectively, retaining ductility of 23%.
Additional file 1 of Exhausted phenotype of circulating CD8+ T cell subsets in hepatitis B virus carriers
Creators: name: Jiang, Daixi
name: Chen, Can
name: Yan, Danying
name: Zhang, Xiaobao
name: Liu, Xiaoxiao
name: Yan, Dong
name: Cui, Dawei
name: Yang, Shigui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. List of antibodies used in the study. Table S2. List of primer sequences used for RT–PCR. Table S3. Correlations between the subsets of exhausted Tfc/Tc17 cells and the serum level of HbsAg. Figure S1. Gating strategy in CD8+ T cell subsets. A: gating strategy to detect inhibitory receptors expressed in CD8+ T cell subsets; B: gating strategy to detect effector cytokines expressed in CD8+ T cell subsets. Figure S2. Additional data of CD8+ T cells in HCs and HBV carriers. A: multiple inhibitory receptor expression on CD8+ T cells in HCs and HBV carriers; B: correlations between the frequencies of PD+ or TIM3+ Tfc/Tc17 cells and the serum level of TNF-α; C: correlations between the frequencies of PD+ or TIM3+ Tfc/Tc17 cells and the serum level of IFN-γ; D-E: the production of effector cytokines in Tc/Tfc subsets in HCs (n = 15) and HBV carriers (n = 15); E: the production of cytokines in the Tc subset in HBV carriers. HCs: healthy controls, HBV: hepatitis B virus, Tfc: follicular cytotoxic T cells (CXCR5+FOXP3-), Tc: cytotoxic T cells (CXCR5-FOXP3-); data are presented as the means ± SEs; *P < 0.01, **P < 0.01.
How to define a context-free backbone for DGs: Implementing a DG in the LFG formalism
Creators: name: Broeker, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a multidimensional Dependency Grammar (DG), which decouples the dependency tree from word order, such that surface ordering is not determined by traversing the dependency tree. We develop the notion of a \emph{word order domain structure}, which is linked but structurally dissimilar to the syntactic dependency tree. We then discuss the implementation of such a DG using constructs from a unification-based phrase-structure approach, namely Lexical-Functional Grammar (LFG). Particular attention is given to the analysis of discontinuities in DG in terms of LFG's functional uncertainty.
description: 10 pages, LaTeX2e
Anchonoderus Reiche 1843
Creators: name: Zamorano, Laura S.
name: Erwin, Terry L.
name: Kavanaugh, David H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Anchonoderus

description: Anchonoderus Reiche, 1843
 Anchonoderus Reiche 1843: 38.
 Axylosius Liebke 1936: 461. Liebherr 1988: 24.
description: Published as part of Zamorano, Laura S., Erwin, Terry L. & Kavanaugh, David H., 2019, Nomenclatural Changes in the Lachnophorini (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of the Western Hemisphere, pp. 121-126 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (1) on page 122, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.1.121, http://zenodo.org/record/5332892
Breaking of adiabatic invariance in the creation of particles by electromagnetic fields
Creators: name: Beltrán-Palau, Pau
name: Ferreiro, Antonio
name: Navarro-Salas, Jose
name: Pla, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particles are spontaneously created from the vacuum by time-varying gravitational or electromagnetic backgrounds. It has been proven that the particle number operator in an expanding universe is an adiabatic invariant. In this paper we show that, in some special cases, the expected adiabatic invariance of the particle number fails in presence of electromagnetic backgrounds. In order to do this, we consider as a prototype a Sauter-type electric pulse. Furthermore, we also show a close relation between the breaking of the adiabatic invariance and the emergence of the axial anomaly.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures. The Title has been slightly changed; some points clarified; misprints corrected; two new figures; to appear in Phys.Rev. D
Crossing Formulae for Critical Percolation in an Annulus
Creators: name: Cardy, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An exact formula is given for the probability that there exists a spanning cluster between opposite boundaries of an annulus, in the scaling limit of critical percolation. The entire distribution function for the number of distinct spanning clusters is also given. These results are found using Coulomb gas methods. Their forms are compared with the expectations of conformal field theory.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure; v.2,3: minor corrections; v.4: published version
Can the Supreme Court Convince the American People? — A Survey Experiment on Public Response to the Court’s Opinion Reasoning
Creators: Tang, Yiwei
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Legal opinions
subject: Courts--Public opinion
subject: Public opinion
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The nine justices of the Supreme Court are traditionally expected to vote out a binding ruling because its compelling legal reasoning convinces a majority of the justices to support it, but can such reasoning convince regular Americans? Existing literature on the Court as a legitimizer of policies focuses on the causality between the Court’s mere endorsement of a policy and greater public support for that policy. I investigate whether the Court’s reasoning, either on its own or along with the Court’s endorsement, could impact public opinion. Using an online survey experiment on a nationally representative sample of 1399 respondents, I find that the Court’s reasoning, regardless of whether the Court’s endorsement is presented, increases public support for its position overall. Specifically, this is because Democrats respond to the Court’s reasoning from conservative decisions and increase their support for those positions accordingly, but Republicans don’t respond to such conservative reasoning. Neither Democrats nor Republicans respond to liberal reasoning.
On the Operational Theory of General (Quantum) Stochastic Processes
Creators: name: SIMON CHRISTOPH MILZ
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 10503 Mathematical Aspects of Classical Mechanics, Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Information Theory
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This thesis is concerned with the description, characterization, and structural analysis of general physical processes. While all of these questions are well understood in classical physics, the situation presents itself much murkier in the realm of quantum mechanics, where fundamental classical properties fail to hold. Here, we close this conceptual gap and provide the theoretical foundation for the description of processes in classical physics, quantum mechanics, and beyond. These findings, in turn, enable the experimental investigation of key properties of dynamical processes, like, for example, the existence of memory effects and their respective temporal structure.