cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New Vacca-Type Rational Series for Euler's Constant and Its "Alternating" Analog ln(4/Pi)
Creators: name: Sondow, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11Y60, Secondary 40A99

description: In math.CA/0211148 we observed that $\ln(4/ π)$ is an "alternating" analog of Euler's constant $γ$. Here we use the binary expansion of an integer to give a rational series for $\ln(4/ π)$ analogous to Vacca's series for $γ$. Also, using a known generalization of Vacca's series to other bases, we accelerate Addison's series for $γ$. Along the way, we give new proofs of Vacca's and Addison's formulas.
description: 6 pages, submitted for publication, presented at the XXIVth Journe\'es Arithme\'tiques in Marseilles
Formation of intermediate-mass planets via magnetically-controlled disk fragmentation
Creators: name: Deng, Hongping
name: Mayer, Lucio
name: Helled, Ravit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intermediate mass planets, from Super-Earth to Neptune-sized bodies, are the most common type of planets in the galaxy. The prevailing theory of planet formation, core-accretion, predicts significantly fewer intermediate-mass giant planets than observed. The competing mechanism for planet formation, disk instability, can produce massive gas giant planets on wide-orbits, such as HR8799, by direct fragmentation of the protoplanetary disk. Previously, fragmentation in magnetized protoplanetary disks has only been considered when the magneto-rotational instability is the driving mechanism for magnetic field growth. Yet, this instability is naturally superseded by the spiral-driven dynamo when more realistic, non-ideal MHD conditions are considered. Here we report on MHD simulations of disk fragmentation in the presence of a spiral-driven dynamo. Fragmentation leads to the formation of long-lived bound protoplanets with masses that are at least one order of magnitude smaller than in conventional disk instability models. These light clumps survive shear and do not grow further due to the shielding effect of the magnetic field, whereby magnetic pressure stifles local inflow of matter. The outcome is a population of gaseous-rich planets with intermediate masses, while gas giants are found to be rarer, in qualitative agreement with the observed mass distribution of exoplanets.
description: In the paper we give the single particle mass for a reference but the mass resolution should be mass within a kernel (Fig 3). We thank Matthew Bate for comments on this
Identification of strongly interacting organic semimetals
Creators: name: Geilhufe, R. Matthias
name: Olsthoorn, Bart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dirac- and Weyl point- and line-node semimetals are characterized by a zero band gap with simultaneously vanishing density of states. Given a sufficient interaction strength, such materials can undergo an interaction instability, e.g., into an excitonic insulator phase. Due to generically flat bands, organic crystals represent a promising materials class in this regard. We combine machine learning, density functional theory, and effective models to identify specific example materials. Without taking into account the effect of many-body interactions, we found the organic charge transfer salts (EDT-TTF-I$_2$)$_2$(DDQ)$\cdot($CH$_3$CN) and TSeF-TCNQ and a bis-1,2,3-dithiazolyl radical conductor to exhibit a semimetallic phase in our ab initio calculations. Adding the effect of strong particle-hole interactions for (EDT-TTF-I$_2$)$_2$(DDQ)$\cdot($CH$_3$CN) and TSeF-TCNQ opens an excitonic gap in the order of 60 meV and 100 meV, which is in good agreement with previous experiments on these materials.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
A derivation of the Boltzmann-Vlasov equation from multiple scattering using the Wigner function
Creators: name: Eisenberg, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A derivation is given of the Boltzmann-Vlasov equation beginning from multiple scattering considerations. The motivation for the discussion, which is purely pedagogical in nature, is the current interest in understanding the origins of transport equations in terms of rigorous field-theory descriptions, or, as in this case, exact nonrelativistic formulations.
description: old paper, not readily accessible (8 pp., no figures)
Quantum Borrmann effect for dissipation-immune photon-photon correlations
Creators: name: Poshakinskiy, Alexander V.
name: Poddubny, Alexander N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the second-order correlation function $g^{(2)}(t)$ for photons transmitted through a periodic Bragg-spaced array of superconducting qubits, coupled to a waveguide. We demonstrate that photon bunching and anti-bunching persist much longer than both radiative and non-radiative lifetimes of a single qubit. The photon-photon correlations become immune to non-radiative dissipation due to the Borrmann effect, that is a strongly non-Markovian collective feature of light-qubit coupling inherent to the Bragg regime. This persistence of quantum correlations opens new avenues for enhancing the performance of setups of waveguide quantum electrodynamics.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Optimal entanglement criterion for mixed quantum states
Creators: name: Breuer, Heinz-Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a strong and computationally simple entanglement criterion. The criterion is based on an elementary positive map Phi which operates on state spaces with even dimension N >= 4. It is shown that Phi detects many entangled states with positive partial transposition (PPT) and that it leads to a class of optimal entanglement witnesses. This implies that there are no other witnesses which can detect more entangled PPT states. The map Phi yields a systematic method for the explicit construction of high-dimensional manifolds of bound entangled states.
description: 4 pages, no figures, replaced by published version (minor changes), Journal-reference added
Phonetic elicitation: Third person plural initial consonant clusters
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Garvin, Karee
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: With prefix ky-. Tokens were elicited in a carrier phrase (i.e., o txi tq’amani kychip eu). Additional targets were elicited without a carrier phrase, in a list.
The two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-nucleon scattering at large momentum transfer
Creators: name: Afanasev, Andrei V.
name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
name: Carlson, Carl E.
name: Chen, Yu-Chun
name: Vanderhaeghen, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-proton scattering at large momentum transfer by using a quark-parton representation of virtual Compton scattering. We thus can relate the two-photon exchange amplitude to the generalized parton distributions which also enter in other wide angle scattering processes. We find that the interference of one- and two-photon exchange contribution is able to substantially resolve the difference between electric form factor measurements from Rosenbluth and polarization transfer experiments. Two-photon exchange has additional consequences which could be experimentally observed, including nonzero polarization effects and a positron-proton/electron-proton scattering asymmetry. The predicted Rosenbluth plot is no longer precisely linear; it acquires a measurable curvature, particularly at large laboratory angle.
description: 38 pages, 22 figures
Energy absorption of a Bose gas in a periodically modulated optical lattice
Creators: name: Iucci, A.
name: Cazalilla, M. A.
name: Ho, A.
name: Giamarchi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the energy absorbed by a one dimensional system of cold bosonic atoms in an optical lattice subjected to lattice amplitude modulation periodic with time. We perform the calculation for the superfluid and the Mott insulator created by a weak lattice, and the Mott insulator in a strong lattice potential. For the latter case we show results for 3D systems as well. Our calculations, based on bosonization techniques and strong coupling methods, go beyond standard Bogoliubov theory. We show that the energy absorption rate exhibits distinctive features of low dimensional systems and Luttinger liquid physics. We compare our results with experiments and find good agreement.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Added references, typos corrected. High dimensional case revised, figures changed
Contributi di Eulero sulla propagazione del suono e sulla vibrazione delle corde, con equazioni relative, pubblicati nelle Mélanges de philosophie et de mathématique de la Société Royale de Turin
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Fisica
Storia della Fisica
Eulero
Lagrange
Accademia delle Scienze di Torino
Torino

description: Eulero, socio straniero dal 1760 della Società Reale di Torino, oggi Accademia delle Scienze, discute la propagazione del suono e la vibrazione delle corde in una serie di contributi pubblicati nelle Mélanges della Società del 1760/61 e 1762/65. Si mostrano equazioni e soluzioni. In un contributo nel primo volume, troviamo l'equazione delle onde in tre dimensioni e relativa soluzione. Nel secondo volume, Eulero continua la discussione e propone la soluzione generale con componenti progressiva e regressiva. Vediamo poi anche come, in un altro contributo, discuta un integrale di cui presenta il calcolo come prodotto di infiniti termini, quindi con il modo di studiare le funzioni da lui preferito. Si parlerà anche della Società Reale e di altri contributi nelle prime Mélanges.
From bending of light to positive mass: a non-PDE perspective
Creators: name: He, Xiaokai
name: Wu, Xiaoning
name: Xie, Naqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C75

description: Penrose et al. investigated the physical incoherence of the spacetime with negative mass via the bending of light. Precise estimates of time-delay of null geodesics were needed and played a pivotal role in their proof. In this paper, we construct an intermediate diagonal metric and make a reduction of this problem to a causality comparison in the compactified spacetimes regarding timelike connectedness near the conformal infinities. This different approach allows us to avoid encountering the difficulties and subtle issues Penrose et al. met. It provides a new, substantially simple, and physically natural non-PDE viewpoint to understand the positive mass theorem. This elementary argument modestly applies to asymptotically flat solutions which are vacuum and stationary near infinity.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure; title and abstract changed; reference updated
How To Control House and Stable Flies without Using Pesticides
Creators: name: Pickens, L. G.
name: Schmidtmann, E. T.
name: Miller, R. W.
name: Pickens, L. G.
name: Schmidtmann, E. T.
name: Miller, R. W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: fly control
subject: traps
subject: IPM
subject: Muscidae

description: Farmers, homeowners, and directors of recreational areas are advised on the control of the house fly and the stable fly with minimum use of insecticides. New management techniques are described, such as surveying barnyard and dumpster areas weekly so that fly-breeding sites can be identified and removed. Recommendations are made for the management of animal bedding to prevent fly breeding. Various outdoor and indoor fly traps are described in detail. A recipe is given for a fly bait called Beltsville Bait. Also included are field observations on the use of parasitoids to kill fly pupae.
Optical Sources Near the Bright X-Ray Source in NGC 1073
Creators: name: Kaaret, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New HST observations show that the bright X-ray source in the face-on spiral galaxy NGC 1073 is located near a ring of recent star formation with an age of 8-16 Myr. This strengthens the association of X-ray sources in spiral galaxies emitting near or above the Eddington limit for a 20 solar mass black hole with recent star formation events. Two candidate optical counterparts of the X-ray source are found. The X-ray to optical flux ratios of both are consistent with those of low-mass X-ray binaries and higher than most high-mass X-ray binaries, suggesting that reprocessing of X-rays contributes to the optical light. The optical magnitude and color of one candidate is consistent with that predicted for an X-ray binary with an initial donor mass of 6-8 solar masses. However, the same X-ray binary evolution model underestimates the X-ray luminosity. An X-ray source list for the field is presented which includes detections of the nucleus of NGC 1073, three quasars, and an M3e brown dwarf star with high proper motion.
description: to appear in ApJ, 12 pages, several color figures
CAP Reform: A New Era for EC Agriculture
Creators: name: Madell, Mary Lisa
name: Madell, Mary Lisa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The European Community (EC) adopted a major reform of its Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in May 1992, after more than a year of intense debate. The package of reforms, to be phased in beginning in the 1993/94 marketing year, will alter EC production, consumption, and trade of most major commodities. Unlike previous reforms in the CAP’s 30-year history, this program significantly changes the policy tools used to support farmers. CAP reform was spurred by the EC’s inability to control expenditures and production of surplus commodities. International pressures, both from General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) negotiations and from bilateral trade disputes, provided added impetus.
The targum (1951:Sept. 18 - 1951:Sept. 26)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1951

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Anisotropic magneto-thermal transport in Co$_2$MnGa thin films
Creators: name: Ritzinger, Philipp
name: Reichlova, Helena
name: Kriegner, Dominik
name: Markou, Anastasios
name: Schlitz, Richard
name: Lammel, Michaela
name: Park, Gyu Hyeon
name: Thomas, Andy
name: Streda, Pavel
name: Felser, Claudia
name: Goennenwein, Sebastian T. B.
name: Vyborny, Karel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ferromagnetic Co$_2$MnGa has recently attracted significant attention due to effects related to non-trivial topology of its band structure, however a systematic study of canonical magneto-galvanic transport effects is missing. Focusing on high quality thin films, here we systematically measure anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) and its thermoelectric counterpart (AMTP). We model the AMR data by free energy minimisation within the Stoner-Wohlfarth formalism and conclude that both crystalline and non-crystalline components of this magneto-transport phenomenon are present in Co$_2$MnGa. Unlike the AMR which is small in relative terms, the AMTP is large due to a change of sign of the Seebeck coefficient as a function of temperature. This fact is discussed in the context of the Mott rule and further analysis of AMTP components is presented.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
The Casas-Alvero conjecture for infinitely many degrees
Creators: name: von Bothmer, Hans-Christian Graf
name: Labs, Oliver
name: Schicho, Josef
name: van de Woestijne, Christiaan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12E05; 13B25

description: Over a field of characteristic zero, it is clear that a polynomial of the form (X-a)^d has a non-trivial common factor with each of its d-1 first derivatives. The converse has been conjectured by Casas-Alvero. Up to now there have only been some computational verifications for small degrees d. In this paper the conjecture is proved in the case where the degree of the polynomial is a power of a prime number, or twice such a power. Moreover, for each positive characteristic p, we give an example of a polynomial of degree d which is not a dth power but which has a common factor with each of its first d-1 derivatives. This shows that the assumption of characteristic zero is essential for the converse statement to hold.
description: 7 pages; v2: corrected some typos and references, and added section on computational aspects
Life Cycle Analysis of Lead Acid Battery used in Electric Vehicles (3 Wheeler) in Bangladesh
Creators: name: HASAN, MOHAMMAD RAQUIBUL
name: Nirendra Nath Mustafi, Dr.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 401703
subject: Energy generation, conversion and storage (excl. chemical and electrical)

description: Lead acid batteries have been rapidly used in electric vehicles (3 wheeler) in Bangladesh with typical environmental problems such as consumption of resources and heavy metal pollution. Thus to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the environmental impact of the battery to reduce environmental pollution is urgent. In this paper a life cycle analysis conducted by SimaPro software is applied to analyze and compare the environmental impact of lead acid battery (LAB) within the system boundary of "cradle-to gate". The results showed that the overall impact of LAB production on environment is the smallest. The key substances that causes the environmental impact of LAB is production stage (12.56 %) & use stage of (85.56 %) the batteries. This research work will provide a quantitative assessments of the environmental impact of battery which will be very important to take necessary prevention measures during disposals. This can obviously create scopes of further research in this area.
Study on $η_{c2}(η_{b2})$ electromagnetic decay into double photons
Creators: name: Yang, Li
name: Sang, Wen-Long
name: Zhang, Hong-Fei
name: Zhang, Yu-Dong
name: Zhou, Ming-Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization formalism, we compute the helicity amplitude as well as the decay width of $η_{Q2}$ ($Q=c,b$) electromagnetic decay into two photons up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in $α_s$ expansion. For the first time, we verify the validity of NRQCD factorization for the D-wave quarkonium decay at NNLO. We find that the $\mathcal{O}(α_s)$ and $\mathcal{O}(α_s^2)$ corrections to the helicity amplitude are negative and moderate, nevertheless both corrections combine to suppress the leading-order prediction for the decay width significantly. By approximating the total decay width of $η_{Q2}$ as the sum of those for the hadronic decay and the electric $E1$ transition, we obtain the branching ratios ${\rm Br}(η_{c2}\to 2γ)\approx 5\times10^{-6}$ and ${\rm Br}(η_{b2}\to 2γ)\approx 4\times10^{-7}$. To explore the potential measurement on $η_{Q2}$, we further evaluate the production cross section of $η_{Q2}$ at LHCb at the lowest order in $α_s$ expansion. With the kinematic constraint on the longitudinal rapidity $4.5>y>2$ and transverse momentum $P_T>(2-4)m_Q$ for $η_{Q2}$, we find the cross section can reach $2-50$ nb for $η_{c2}$, and $1-22$ pb for $η_{b2}$. Considering the integrated luminosity $\mathcal{L}=10\, {\rm fb}^{-1}$ at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV and $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV, we estimate that there are several hundreds events of $pp\to η_{c2}\to 2γ$. Since the background is relatively clean, it is promising to reconstruct $η_{c2}$ through its electromagnetic decay. On the contrary, due to small branching ratio and production cross section, it is quite challenging to detect $η_{b2}\to 2γ$ at LHCb.
description: 14 pages, 1 figures, 2 tables
The Broad-Band Spectrum and Infrared Variability of the Magnetar AXP 1E1048.1-5937
Creators: name: Durant, Martin
name: van Kerkwijk, Marten H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photometry of the Anomalous X-ray pulsar 1E1048.1-5937 in the infrared and optical, taken at Magellan and the VLT. The object is detected in the I, J and Ks bands under excellent conditions. We find that the source has varied greatly in its infrared brightness and present these new magnitudes. No correlation is found between the infrared flux and spin-down rate, but the infrared flux and X-ray flux may be anti-correlated. Assuming nominal reddening values, the resultant spectral energy distribution is found to be inconsistent with the only other AXP SED available (for 4U0142+61). We consider the effect of the uncertainty in the reddening to the source on its SED. We find that although both the X-ray and infrared fluxes have varied greatly for this source, the most recent flux ratio is remarkably consistent with what is is found for other AXPs. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings in the context of the magnetar model.
description: 21 pages, 5 eps figures. Submitted to ApJ
Anomalous glassy relaxation near the isotropic-nematic phase transition
Creators: name: Jose, Prasanth P.
name: Chakrabarti, Dwaipayan
name: Bagchi, Biman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical heterogeneity in a system of Gay-Berne ellipsoids near its isotropic-nematic (I-N) transition and also in an equimolar mixture of Lennard-Jones spheres and Gay-Berne ellipsoids in deeply supercooled regime is probed by the time evolution of non-Gaussian parameter (NGP). The appearance of a dominant second peak in the rotational NGP near the I-N transition signals the growth of pseudonematic domains. Surprisingly such a second peak is instead observed in the translational NGP for glassy binary mixture. Localization of orientational motion near the I-N transition is found to be responsible for the observed anomalous orientational relaxation.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Federal Grade Standards for Fresh Produce: Linkages to Pesticide Use
Creators: name: Powers, Nicholas J.
name: Heifner, Richard G.
name: Powers, Nicholas J.
name: Heifner, Richard G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Fresh produce
subject: pesticides
subject: grading standards
subject: growers
subject: packers
subject: retailers
subject: consumers

description: Some have criticized Federal grading of fresh produce for setting unnecessarily high standards for external appearance. These standards allegedly encourage use of chemical pesticides by growers and packers. Federal grades play an important commercial role by helping buyers and sellers exchange information about produce quality, but grades do not convey information about pesticide use or its residues. Modifying standards or establishing a certification program (separate from grades) to include information about pesticides might help consumers signal their preferences to growers and packers for produce with fewer pesticide residues. Assessing the potential effects of such changes calls for research to measure: (1) relationships between pesticide use and product appearance, and (2) consumers' tradeoffs between product appearance and freedom from pesticides.
The Hessian of a genus one curve
Creators: name: Fisher, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05, 11Y40, 13A50, 14H25

description: We continue our development of the invariant theory of genus one curves with the aim of computing certain twists of the universal family of elliptic curves parametrised by the modular curve X(n) for n = 2,3,4,5. Our construction makes use of a covariant we call the Hessian, generalising the classical Hessian that exists in degrees 2 and 3. In particular we give explicit formulae and algorithms for computing the Hessian in degrees 4 and 5. This leads to a practical algorithm for computing equations for visible elements of order n in the Tate-Shafarevich group of an elliptic curve. Taking Jacobians we also recover the formulae of Rubin and Silverberg for families of n-congruent elliptic curves.
description: 42 pages; section on visibility added
A Poisson limit theorem for Gibbs-Markov maps
Creators: name: Zhang, Xuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11K50, 60F05, 37C30

description: We prove for Gibbs-Markov maps that the number of visits to a sequence of shrinking sets with bounded cylindrical lengths converges in distribution to a Poisson law. Applying to continued fractions, this result extends Doeblin's Poisson limit theorem.
Price Effects in the Short and in the Long Run
Creators: name: Dragone, Davide
name: Vanin, Paolo
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: SECS-P/02 Politica economica

description: We study a broad class of dynamic consumer problems and characterize the short
and long-run response of the demand for a good to a permanent increase in its market
price. Such response can be non-monotonic over time, and the short and long-run
price-elasticity of demand may have opposite sign. This is a testable prediction and
can arise even in the absence of income effects. Our results are robust to a variety
of settings that are commonly used in the economic literature, and have relevant
policy implications. We provide illustrative applications to models of human capital
and labor supply, addiction, habit and taste formation, health capital, and renewable
resources.
Rescattering mechanism of weak decays of double-charm baryons
Creators: name: Han, Jia-Jie
name: Jiang, Hua-Yu
name: Liu, Wei
name: Xiao, Zhen-Jun
name: Yu, Fu-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The doubly charmed baryon $Ξ_{cc}^{++}$ was recently observed by LHCb via the decay processes of $Ξ_{cc}^{++}\to Λ_c^+ K^-π^+π^+$ and $Ξ_c^+π^+$. These discovery channels were successfully predicted in the framework that the short-distance contributions are calculated under the factorization hypothesis and the long-distance contributions are estimated using the rescattering mechanism for the final-state-interaction effects. In this paper, we illustrate the above framework in details by systematic studies on the two-body baryonic decays $\mathcal{B}_{cc}\to\mathcal{B}_{c}P$ involving the doubly charmed baryons $\mathcal{B}_{cc}=(Ξ_{cc}^{++} , Ξ_{cc}^+,Ω_{cc}^+)$, the singly charmed baryons $\mathcal{B}_{c}=(\mathcal{B}_{\bar{3}}, \mathcal{B}_{6})$ and the light pseudoscalar mesons $P=(π,K,η_{1,8})$.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures, 9 tables. Version published in Chinese Physics C
Weakly mixing group actions: a brief survey and an example
Creators: name: Bergelson, Vitaly
name: Gorodnik, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A25

description: The first part of the paper contains a survey of weakly mixing group actions of general group, and the second part discusses a special example of a weakly mixing action -- the SL(2,Z)-action on the torus T^2.
Microbial biofilms in dental unit water lines
Creators: name: Noce, Laura
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Microbial biofilms located on the lumen surface of dental unit water lines have resulted in the persistent and widespread microbial contamination of the outflowing water. The aims of this study were to 1) evaluate the water quality delivered by dental units at the University of British Columbia 2) evaluate the effect of plating and incubation conditions on heterotrophic plate counts and 3) evaluate the effectiveness of marketed products in reducing microbial counts in water used for nonsurgical and surgical dental procedures. Over a 12 week period, water samples were collected weekly from the air/water lines, highspeed lines and sinks (controls) of 8 randomly chosen dental units used for nonsurgical dental procedures. Following serial dilutions, samples were plated on R 2A agar using the spread plate technique, and incubated aerobically at 35°C for 7 days. Individual colonies that were isolated were characterized based on colony morphology, Gram stain and oxidase test results. Representative samples of dental tubing water lines were subsequently processed for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and evaluated for the presence of biofilm. In order to determine the effect of culture conditions on heterotrophic plate counts, different culture media, plating techniques, incubation time and temperature and chlorine neutralization were evaluated. In addition, devices such as in-line filters, independent water reservoirs, chemical disinfection and fully autoclavable systems were evaluated for their effectiveness at reducing the heterotrophic plate counts. Scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize the surface of in-line filters after several minutes of use, and to determine if 0.12% chlorhexidine injected in post filter tubing was able to prevent biofilm formation. The results of these studies revealed that while all water samples collected from the cold water sink taps met the standards for potable water, water collected from the warm water sink taps, the air/water lines and the highspeed lines revealed extremely high heterotrophic plate counts and failed to meet the potable water standards in all but two instances. Although the plating techniques analyzed did not differ significantly, the incubation conditions had very significant effects on heterotrophic plate counts and dramatically affected the number of units that failed to meet potable water standards. The evaluation of products which are currently being marketed as effective ways to improve dental unit water line quality appear promising, however, aspects of their design may still leave concerns for some practitioners.
Dissipative Two-Fluid Models
Creators: name: Gouin, Henri
name: Gavrilyuk, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 49S05; 76Txx; 76Exx; 47.10.ab ; 47.10.A-

description: From Hamilton's principle of stationary action, we derive governing equations of two-fluid mixtures and extend the model to the dissipative case without chemical reactions. For both conservative and dissipative cases, an algebraic identity connecting equations of momentum, mass, energy and entropy is obtained by extending the Gibbs identity in dynamics. The obtained system is hyperbolic for small relative velocity of the phases.
description: dedicated to Guy Boillat : 13 pages
Entanglement entropy at critical points of classical evolution in oscillatory and exotic singularity multiverse models
Creators: name: Balcerzak, Adam
name: Barroso-Bellido, Samuel
name: Dabrowski, Mariusz P.
name: Robles-Perez, Salvador
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the 3rd quantization formalism we study the quantum entanglement of universes created in pairs within the framework of standard homogeneous and isotropic cosmology. In particular, we investigate entanglement quantities (entropy, temperature) around maxima, minima and inflection points of the classical evolution. The novelty from previous works is that we show how the entanglement changes in an extended minisuperspace parameterised by the scale factor and additionally, by the massless scalar field. We study the entanglement quantities for the universes which classically exhibit Big-Bang and other than Big-Bang (exotic) singularities such as Big-Brake, Big-Freeze, Big-Separation, and Little-Rip. While taking into account the scalar field, we find that the entanglement entropy is finite at the Big-Bang singularity and diverges at maxima or minima of expansion. As for the exotic singularity models we find that the entanglement entropy or the temperature in all the critical points and singularities is either finite or infinite, but it never vanishes. This shows that each of the universes of a pair is entangled to a degree parametrized by the entanglement quantities which measure the quantumness of the system. Apart from the von Neumann entanglement entropy, we also check the behaviour of the the Tsallis and the Renyi entanglement entropies, and find that they behave similarly as the meters of the quantumness. Finally, we find that the best-fit relation between the entanglement entropy and the Hubble parameter (which classically marks special points of the universe evolution) is of the logarithmic shape, and not polynomial, as one could initially expect.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, REVTEX4-1
The Turbulent Interstellar Medium
Creators: name: Burkert, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overview is presented of the main properties of the interstellar medium. Evidence is summarized that the interstellar medium is highly turbulent, driven on different length scales by various energetic processes. Large-scale turbulence determines the formation of structures like filaments and shells in the diffuse interstellar medium. It also regulates the formation of dense, cold molecular clouds. Molecular clouds are now believed to be transient objects that form on timescales of order 1e7 yrs in regions where HI gas is compressed and cools. Supersonic turbulence in the compressed HI slab is generated by a combination of hydrodynamical instabilities, coupled with cooling. Turbulent dissipation is compensated by the kinetic energy input of the inflow. Molecular hydrogen eventually forms when the surface density in the slab reaches a threshold value of 1e21 cm^-2 at which point further cooling triggers the onset of star formation by gravitational collapse. A few Myrs later, the newly formed stars and resulting supernovae will disperse their molecular surrounding and generate new expanding shells that drive again turbulence in the diffuse gas and trigger the formation of a next generation of cold clouds. Although a consistent scenario of interstellar medium dynamics and star formation is emerging many details are still unclear and require more detailed work on microphysical processes as well as a better understanding of supersonic, compressible turbulence.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, to appear in "Statistical Mechanics of Non-Extensive Systems", eds. F. Combes and R. Robert (Elsevier)
Phonetic elicitation: Third person possessive initial consonant clusters
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Garvin, Karee
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: With prefix t-. Tokens were elicited in a carrier phrase (i.e., o txi tq'amani 'tq'as' ew).
Destruction of eccentric planetesimals by ram pressure and erosion
Creators: name: Demirci, Tunahan
name: Schneider, Niclas
name: Teiser, Jens
name: Wurm, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small, pebble-sized objects and large bodies of planetesimal size both play important roles in planet formation. They form the evolutionary steps of dust growth in their own respect. However, at later times, they are also thought to provide background populations of mass that larger bodies might feed upon. What we suggest in this work is that starting at times of viscous stirring, planetesimals on eccentric orbits could simply explode as they become supersonic in comparison to small, porous planetary bodies entering Earth's atmosphere. We present a toy model of planetesimal motion and destruction to show the key aspects of this process. The consequences are quite severe. At all times, it is shown that only planetesimals on more or less circular orbits exist in the inner disk. After the destruction of a planetesimal, the remaining matter is continuously redistributed to the pebble reservoir of the protoplanetary disk. Since destruction typically occurs at small stellar distances due to supersonic speeds, it is expected to boost pebble accretion in the inner protoplanetary disk as one of its main effects.
Neutrino-4 anomaly: oscillations or fluctuations?
Creators: name: Giunti, C.
name: Li, Y. F.
name: Ternes, C. A.
name: Zhang, Y. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a deep study of the Neutrino-4 data aimed at finding the statistical significance of the large-mixing short-baseline neutrino oscillation signal claimed by the Neutrino-4 collaboration at more than $3σ$. We found that the results of the Neutrino-4 collaboration can be reproduced approximately only by neglecting the effects of the energy resolution of the detector. Including these effects, we found that the best fit is obtained for a mixing that is even larger, close to maximal, but the statistical significance of the short-baseline neutrino oscillation signal is only about $2.7σ$ if evaluated with the usual method based on Wilks' theorem. We show that the large Neutrino-4 mixing is in strong tension with the KATRIN, PROSPECT, STEREO, and solar $ν_{e}$ bounds. Using a more reliable Monte Carlo simulation of a large set of Neutrino-4-like data, we found that the statistical significance of the Neutrino-4 short-baseline neutrino oscillation signal decreases to about $2.2σ$. We also show that it is not unlikely to find a best-fit point that has a large mixing, even maximal, in the absence of oscillations. Therefore, we conclude that the claimed Neutrino-4 indication in favor of short-baseline neutrino oscillations with very large mixing is rather doubtful.
description: 12 pages. Final version to be published in Physics Letters B
Measurement of Noisy Absorption Lines using the Apparent Optical Depth Technique
Creators: name: Fox, Andrew J.
name: Savage, Blair D.
name: Wakker, Bart P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To measure the column densities of interstellar and intergalactic gas clouds using absorption line spectroscopy, the apparent optical depth technique (AOD) of Savage & Sembach (1991) can be used instead of a curve-of-growth analysis or profile fit. We show that the AOD technique, whilst an excellent tool when applied to data with good S/N, will likely overestimate the true column densities when applied to data with low S/N. This overestimation results from the non-linear relationship between the flux falling on a given detector pixel and the apparent optical depth in that pixel. We use Monte Carlo techniques to investigate the amplitude of this overestimation when working with data from the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) and the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), for a range of values of S/N, line depth, line width, and rebinning. AOD measurements of optimally sampled, resolved lines are accurate to within 10% for FUSE/LiF and STIS/E140M data with S/N>7 per resolution element.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures (2 in color), accepted for publication in AJ
Keck Spectroscopy of distant GOODS Spheroidal Galaxies: Downsizing in a Hierarchical Universe
Creators: name: Treu, T.
name: Ellis, R. S.
name: Liao, T. X.
name: van Dokkum, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the evolution of the Fundamental Plane for 141 field spheroidal galaxies in the redshift range 0.2
description: ApJ Letters, in press. 4 figures
Grammatical elicitation: Copular clauses and existential constructions
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Melguy, Yevgeniy
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: Includes full pronominal paradigms for adjectival predicates (e.g., 'I am/was/will be funny'), and examples of nominal predicates (e.g., 'the man is a priest' vs. 'she is his wife').
A Comprehensive Empirical Evaluation of Generating Test Suites for Mobile Applications with Diversity
Creators: name: Vogel, Thomas
name: Tran, Chinh
name: Grunske, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context: In search-based software engineering we often use popular heuristics with default configurations, which typically lead to suboptimal results, or we perform experiments to identify configurations on a trial-and-error basis, which may lead to better results for a specific problem. We consider the problem of generating test suites for mobile applications (apps) and rely on \Sapienz, a state-of-the-art approach to this problem that uses a popular heuristic (NSGA-II) with a default configuration. Objective: We want to achieve better results in generating test suites with \Sapienz while avoiding trial-and-error experiments to identify a more suitable configuration of \Sapienz. Method: We conducted a fitness landscape analysis of \Sapienz to analytically understand the search problem, which allowed us to make informed decisions about the heuristic and configuration of \Sapienz when developing \SapienzDiv. We comprehensively evaluated \SapienzDiv in a head-to-head comparison with \Sapienz on 34 apps. Results: Analyzing the fitness landscape of \Sapienz, we observed a lack of diversity of the evolved test suites and a stagnation of the search after 25 generations. \SapienzDiv realizes mechanisms that preserve the diversity of the test suites being evolved. The evaluation showed that \SapienzDiv achieves better or at least similar test results than \Sapienz concerning coverage and the number of revealed faults. However, \SapienzDiv typically produces longer test sequences and requires more execution time than \Sapienz. Conclusions: The understanding of the search problem obtained by the fitness landscape analysis helped us to find a more suitable configuration of \Sapienz without trial-and-error experiments. By promoting diversity of test suites during the search, improved or at least similar test results in terms of faults and coverage can be achieved.
description: Accepted Manuscript. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1906.08142
Grammatical Elicitation: Copular clauses
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Melguy, Yevgeniy
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: Focusing on kinship relations (e.g., 'this girl is the man's wife' vs. 'this man is the boy's father') and proper nouns (e.g., 'Peter is the man's father').
Heliospheric Energetic Neutral Atoms: Non-stationary Modeling and Comparison with IBEX-Hi data
Creators: name: Baliukin, I. I.
name: Izmodenov, V. V.
name: Alexashov, D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) has been measuring fluxes of the Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs) using the IBEX-Hi (0.3 -- 6 keV) instrument since 2008. We have developed a numerical time-depended code to calculate globally distributed flux (GDF) of hydrogen ENAs employing both 1) 3D kinetic-MHD model of the global heliosphere and 2) reconstruction of atom trajectories from 1 au, where they are observed by IBEX, to the point of their origin in the inner heliosheath (IHS). The key factor in the simulation is a detailed kinetic consideration of the pickup ions (PUIs), the supra-thermal component of protons in the heliosphere, which is "parental" to the ENAs and originates in the region of the supersonic solar wind being picked by the heliospheric magnetic field. As a result of our study, we have concluded that (1) the developed model is able to reproduce the geometry of the multi-lobe structure seen in the IBEX-Hi GDF maps, (2) the GDF is extremely sensitive to the form of the velocity distribution function of PUIs in the IHS, and the accounting for the existence of an additional energetic population of PUIs is essential to explain the data, (3) despite a relatively good agreement, there are some quantitative differences between the model calculations and IBEX-Hi data. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS