cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Deterministic and Generalized Framework for Unsupervised Learning with Restricted Boltzmann Machines
Creators: name: Tramel, Eric W.
name: Gabrié, Marylou
name: Manoel, Andre
name: Caltagirone, Francesco
name: Krzakala, Florent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) are energy-based neural-networks which are commonly used as the building blocks for deep architectures neural architectures. In this work, we derive a deterministic framework for the training, evaluation, and use of RBMs based upon the Thouless-Anderson-Palmer (TAP) mean-field approximation of widely-connected systems with weak interactions coming from spin-glass theory. While the TAP approach has been extensively studied for fully-visible binary spin systems, our construction is generalized to latent-variable models, as well as to arbitrarily distributed real-valued spin systems with bounded support. In our numerical experiments, we demonstrate the effective deterministic training of our proposed models and are able to show interesting features of unsupervised learning which could not be directly observed with sampling. Additionally, we demonstrate how to utilize our TAP-based framework for leveraging trained RBMs as joint priors in denoising problems.
Detecting spin fractionalization in a spinon Fermi surface spin liquid
Creators: name: Li, Yao Dong
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent proposal of the spinon Fermi surface spin liquids for several candidate materials such as YbMgGaO4, we explore the experimental consequences of the external magnetic fields on this exotic state. Specifically, we focus on the weak field regime where the spin liquid state is well preserved and the spinon remain to be a good description of the magnetic excitations. From the spin-1/2 nature of the spinon excitation, we predict the unique features of the spinon continuum when the weak magnetic field is applied to the system. Due to the small energy scale of the exchange interactions between the local moments in the spin liquid candidate like YbMgGaO4, our proposal for the spectral weight shifts and spectral crossing in the magnetic fields can be immediately tested by inelastic neutron scattering experiments. Several other experimental aspects about the spinon Fermi surface and the spinon excitations are discussed and proposed. Our work provides an experimental scheme to examine the fractionalized spinon excitation and the candidate spin liquid states in YbMgGaO4, the 6H-B phase of Ba3NiSb2O9 and other relevant materials.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, modified title and discussion
Zealotry Effects on Opinion Dynamics in the Adaptive Voter Model
Creators: name: Klamser, Pascal P.
name: Wiedermann, Marc
name: Donges, Jonathan F.
name: Donner, Reik V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adaptive voter model has been widely studied as a conceptual model for opinion formation processes on time-evolving social networks. Past studies on the effect of zealots, i.e. nodes aiming to spread their fixed opinion throughout the system, only considered the voter model on a static network. Here, we extend the study of zealotry to the case of an adaptive network topology co-evolving with the state of the nodes and investigate opinion spreading induced by zealots depending on their initial density and connectedness. Numerical simulations reveal that below the fragmentation threshold a low density of zealots is sufficient to spread their opinion to the whole network. Beyond the transition point, zealots must exhibit an increased degree as compared to ordinary nodes for an efficient spreading of their opinion. We verify the numerical findings using a mean-field approximation of the model yielding a low-dimensional set of coupled ordinary differential equations. Our results imply that the spreading of the zealot opinion in the adaptive voter model is strongly dependent on the rate of link rewiring and the average degree of normal nodes in comparison with that of the zealots. In order to avoid a complete dominance of the zealots' opinion, there are two possible strategies for the remaining nodes: adjusting the rate of rewiring and/or the number of connections with other nodes, respectively.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Discontinuous Galerkin algorithms for fully kinetic plasmas
Creators: name: Juno, J.
name: Hakim, A.
name: TenBarge, J.
name: Shi, E.
name: Dorland, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a new algorithm for the discretization of the Vlasov-Maxwell system of equations for the study of plasmas in the kinetic regime. Using the discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for the spatial discretization, we obtain a high order accurate solution for the plasma's distribution function. Time stepping for the distribution function is done explicitly with a third order strong-stability preserving Runge-Kutta method. Since the Vlasov equation in the Vlasov-Maxwell system is a high dimensional transport equation, up to six dimensions plus time, we take special care to note various features we have implemented to reduce the cost while maintaining the integrity of the solution, including the use of a reduced high-order basis set. A series of benchmarks, from simple wave and shock calculations, to a five dimensional turbulence simulation, are presented to verify the efficacy of our set of numerical methods, as well as demonstrate the power of the implemented features.
An algebraic reduction of the `scaling gap' in the Navier-Stokes regularity problem
Creators: name: Bradshaw, Zachary
name: Farhat, Aseel
name: Grujic, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is shown--within a mathematical framework based on the suitably defined scale of sparseness of the super-level sets of the positive and negative parts of the vorticity components, and in the context of a blow-up-type argument--that the ever-resisting `scaling gap', i.e., the scaling distance between a regularity criterion and a corresponding a priori bound (shortly, a measure of the super-criticality of the 3D Navier-Stokes regularity problem), can be reduced by an algebraic factor; since (independent) fundamental works of Ladyzhenskaya, Prodi and Serrin as well as Kato and Fujita in 1960s, all the reductions have been logarithmic in nature, regardless of the functional set up utilized. More precisely, it is shown that it is possible to obtain an a priori bound that is algebraically better than the energy-level bound, while keeping the corresponding regularity criterion at the same level as all the classical regularity criteria. The mathematics presented was inspired by morphology of the regions of intense vorticity/velocity gradients observed in computational simulations of turbulent flows, as well as by the physics of turbulent cascades and turbulent dissipation.
description: final version; to appear in ARMA
Incompressible fluid problems on embedded surfaces: Modeling and variational formulations
Creators: name: Jankuhn, Thomas
name: Olshanskii, Maxim A.
name: Reusken, Arnold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E35, 53Z05, 76A20, 35Q35, 35Q30, 76D05

description: Governing equations of motion for a viscous incompressible material surface are derived from the balance laws of continuum mechanics. The surface is treated as a time-dependent smooth orientable manifold of codimension one in an ambient Euclidian space. We use elementary tangential calculus to derive the governing equations in terms of exterior differential operators in Cartesian coordinates. The resulting equations can be seen as the Navier-Stokes equations posed on an evolving manifold. We consider a splitting of the surface Navier-Stokes system into coupled equations for the tangential and normal motions of the material surface. We then restrict ourselves to the case of a geometrically stationary manifold of codimension one embedded in $\Bbb{R}^n$. For this case, we present new well-posedness results for the simplified surface fluid model consisting of the surface Stokes equations. Finally, we propose and analyze several alternative variational formulations for this surface Stokes problem, including constrained and penalized formulations, which are convenient for Galerkin discretization methods.
Asymptotic safety of higher derivative quantum gravity non-minimally coupled with a matter system
Creators: name: Hamada, Yuta
name: Yamada, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study asymptotic safety of models of the higher derivative quantum gravity with and without matter. The beta functions are derived by utilizing the functional renormalization group, and non-trivial fixed points are found. It turns out that all couplings in gravity sector, namely the cosmological constant, the Newton constant, and the $R^2$ and $R_{μν}^2$ coupling constants, are relevant in case of higher derivative pure gravity. For the Higgs-Yukawa model non-minimal coupled with higher derivative gravity, we find a stable fixed point at which the scalar-quartic and the Yukawa coupling constants become relevant. The relevant Yukawa coupling is crucial to realize the finite value of the Yukawa coupling constants in the standard model.
description: Version published in JHEP; 75 pages, 10 figures, typos corrected, references added
A geometric Iwatsuka type effect in quantum layers
Creators: name: Exner, Pavel
name: Kalvoda, Tomáš
name: Tušek, Matěj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Q37, 35J10, 35Q40, 58J50

description: We study motion of a charged particle confined to Dirichlet layer of a fixed width placed into a homogeneous magnetic field. If the layer is planar and the field is perpendicular to it the spectrum consists of infinitely degenerate eigenvalues. We consider translationally invariant geometric perturbations and derive several sufficient conditions under which a magnetic transport is possible, that is, the spectrum, in its entirety or a part of it, becomes absolutely continuous.
description: 27 pages, one figure
Traveling wave solutions to Kawahara and related equations
Creators: name: Mancas, Stefan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Traveling wave solutions to Kawahara equation (KE), transmission line (TL), and Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation are found by using an elliptic function method which is more general than the $\mathrm{tanh}$-method. The method works by assuming that a polynomial ansatz satisfies a Weierstrass equation, and has two advantages: first, it reduces the number of terms in the ansatz by an order of two, and second, it uses Weierstrass functions which satisfy an elliptic equation for the dependent variable instead of the hyperbolic tangent functions which only satisfy the Riccati equation with constant coefficients. When the polynomial ansatz in the traveling wave variable is of first order, the equation reduces to the KdV equation with only a cubic dispersion term, while for the KE which includes a fifth order dispersion term the polynomial ansatz must necessary be of quadratic type. By solving the elliptic equation with coefficients that depend on the boundary conditions, velocity of the traveling waves, nonlinear strength, and dispersion coefficients, in the case of KdV equation we find the well-known solitary waves (solitons) for zero boundary conditions, as well as wave-trains of cnoidal waves for nonzero boundary conditions. Both solutions are either compressive (bright) or rarefactive (dark), and either propagate to the left or right with arbitrary velocity.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, included new references and minor text changes
Sex-specific effects of psychedelic drug exposure on central amygdala reactivity and behavioral responding
Creators: name: Quadir, S. G.
name: Ramage, M. C.
name: Effinger, D. P.
name: Herman, M. A.
name: Cone, M. G.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description:
Psilocybin and its active metabolite psilocin have been shown to elicit rapid and long-lasting symptom improvements in a variety of affective psychiatric illnesses. However, the region-specific alterations underlying these therapeutic effects remain relatively unknown. The central amygdala (CeA) is a primary output region within the extended amygdala that is dysregulated in affective psychiatric disorders. Here, we measured CeA activity using the activity marker c-Fos and CeA reactivity using fiber photometry paired with an aversive air-puff stimulus. We found that psilocin administration acutely increased CeA activity in both males and females and increased stimulus specific CeA reactivity in females, but not males. In contrast, psilocin produced time-dependent decreases in reactivity in males, but not in females, as early as 2 days and lasting to 28 days post administration. We also measured behavioral responses to the air-puff stimulus and found sex-dependent changes in threat responding but not exploratory behavior or general locomotion. Repeated presentations of the auditory component of the air-puff were also performed and sex-specific effects of psilocin on CeA reactivity to the auditory-alone stimulus were also observed. This study provides new evidence that a single dose of psilocin produces sex-specific, time-dependent, and enduring changes in CeA reactivity and behavioral responding to specific components of an aversive stimulus.
Gravitational waves in Intrinsic Time Geometrodynamics
Creators: name: Ita, Eyo Eyo
name: Soo, Chopin
name: Yu, Hoi-Lai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves are investigated in Intrinsic Time Geometrodynamics. This theory has a non-vanishing physical Hamiltonian generating intrinsic time development in our expanding universe, and four-covariance is explicitly broken by higher spatial curvature terms. Linearization of Hamilton's equations about the de Sitter solution produces transverse traceless excitations, with the physics of gravitational waves in Einstein's General Relativity recovered in the low curvature low frequency limit. A noteworthy feature of the theory is that gravitational waves always carry positive energy density, even for compact spatial slicings without any energy contribution from boundary Hamiltonian. This study of gravitational waves in compact $k= +1$ cosmological de Sitter spacetime is in contradistinction to, and complements, previous $k= -1$ investigations of Hawking, Hertog and Turok and other more familiar $k=0$ works. In addition, possible non-four-covariant Horava gravity contributions are considered (hence the use of canonical Hamiltonian, rather than Lagrangian, methods). Recent explicit $S^3$ transverse-traceless mode spectrum of Lindblom, Taylor and Zhang are also employed to complete the discussion.
description: 7 pages; replaced by published version
title: Entwicklung und Evaluation eines Augmented Reality basierten Trainings zur Pneumatik im Rahmen der Ausbildung von gewerblich-technischen Berufen
Creators: name: Terschüren, Jan-Niklas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Augmented Reality
subject: AR-Training
subject: Ausbildung
subject: Pneumatik

description: Die Pneumatik ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Ausbildung in gewerblich-technischen Berufen. Bisher erfolgt die Ausbildung durch Lehrbücher, Simulationen, Übungslabore und spezielle Lehrgänge. Diese Methoden sind oft theoretisch oder kosten- und platzintensiv. Um eine ortsunabhängige und interaktive Lernumgebung zu schaffen, wurde eine Augmented Reality (AR)basierte App für das Training im Bereich der Pneumatik entwickelt. Die App ermöglicht das Aufbauen pneumatischer Schaltungen mittels AR auf mobilen Endgeräten. Dabei interagiert der Benutzer mit AR-Elementen und realen Bauteilen, um die Aufgaben zu lösen. Serious Game Elemente, wie Feedback und Bewertungen, werden genutzt, um die Motivation und Aufmerksamkeit der Auszubildenden zu steigern. Die App kann auch von Lehrern und Ausbildern als Unterrichtswerkzeug eingesetzt werden. Eine Evaluation mit Auszubildenden zeigte, dass die App und die integrierten AR-Elemente positiv bewertet wurden. Des Weiteren wurde untersucht, wie sich die AR-Elemente auf die Wissensaufnahme der Lernenden in einem solchen Training auswirken. Die Erkenntnisse deuten darauf hin, dass das AR-basiertes Training effektiv sein kann, um Wissen in der Pneumatik zu vermitteln. Die App bietet eine innovative Lösung für die Ausbildung in der Pneumatik und kann in Berufsschulen, sowie für das Selbststudium genutzt werden.
Bianchi-V String Cosmological model with Dark Energy Anisotropy
Creators: name: Mishra, B.
name: Tripathy, S. K.
name: Ray, Pratik P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C05

description: The role of anisotropic components on the dark energy and the dynamics of the universe is investigated. An anisotropic dark energy fluid with different pressures along different spatial directions is assumed to incorporate the effect of anisotropy. One dimensional cosmic strings aligned along x-direction supplement some kind of anisotropy. Anisotropy in the dark energy pressure is found to evolve with cosmic expansion at least at late times. At an early phase, the anisotropic effect due to the cosmic strings substantially affect the dynamics of the accelerating universe.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
title: Faszination Computergrafik – Die Rendering Pipeline interaktiv in VR erleben
Creators: name: Heinemann, Birte
name: Görzen, Sergej
name: Schroeder, Ulrik
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Virtual Reality
subject: Computer Graphics Education
subject: Rendering Pipeline
subject: Technology-enhanced learning
subject: Immersive Learning
subject: Learning Analytics
subject: Didaktische Reduktion

description: Die Rendering Pipeline ist ein fundamentales Thema im Bereich der Computergrafik, mit dem zusätzlich viele grundlegenden Konzepte effizienter Algorithmen und mathematische Berechnungen vorgestellt werden können. Die Lernapplikation RePiX VR ermöglicht einen interaktiven Einstieg in diese Thematik und steht zusätzlich zur VR-Variante als Desktopapplikation zur Verfügung, um Skalierbarkeit und Zugänglichkeit zu gewährleisten. Ziel der Applikation ist es die abstrakten Konzepte, grundlegenden Modelle und prozeduralen Zusammenhänge der Rendering Pipeline erfahrbar zu machen. Die Umgebung wurde nutzerzentriert und iterativ entwickelt und verbessert. Sie liefert neben einer modularen Struktur und der Möglichkeit verschiedene didaktisch geleitete Vertiefungen zu wählen, auch eine umfassende multimodale Learning Analytics-Integration zur Beforschung der Effektivität der Umgebung, ebenso wie der verschiedenen Phänomene und Einflussfaktoren im Bereich des immersiven Lernens. Die Applikation ist Open Source und auch die in den Evaluationen gesammelten Daten wurden und werden veröffentlicht.
Extreme submillimetre starburst galaxies
Creators: name: Rowan-Robinson, Michael
name: Wang, Lingyu
name: Farrah, Duncan
name: Rigopoulou, Dimitra
name: Gruppioni, Carlotta
name: Vaccari, Mattia
name: Marchetti, Lucia
name: Clements, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use two catalogues, a Herschel catalogue selected at 500 mu (HerMES) and an IRAS catalogue selected at 60 mu (RIFSCz), to contrast the sky at these two wavelengths. Both surveys demonstrate the existence of extreme starbursts, with star-formation rates (SFRs) > 5000 Msun/yr. The maximum intrinsic star-formation rate appears to be ~30,000 Msun/yr. The sources with apparent SFR estimates higher than this are in all cases either lensed systems, blazars, or erroneous photometric redshifts. At redshifts of 3 to 5, the time-scale for the Herschel galaxies to make their current mass of stars at their present rate of formation ~ 10^8 yrs, so these galaxies are making a significant fraction of their stars in the current star-formation episode. Using dust mass as a proxy for gas mass, the Herschel galaxies at redshift 3 to 5 have gas masses comparable to their mass in stars. Of the 38 extreme starbursts in our Herschel survey for which we have more complete SED information, over 50% show evidence for QSO-like optical emission, or exhibit AGN dust tori in the mid-infrared SEDs. In all cases however the infrared luminosity is dominated by a starburst component. We derive a mean covering factor for AGN dust as a function of redshift and derive black hole masses and black hole accretion rates. There is a universal ratio of black-hole mass to stellar mass, ~ 10^{-3}, driven by the strong period of star-formation and black-hole growth at z = 1-5.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Sample space reducing cascading processes produce the full spectrum of scaling exponents
Creators: name: Corominas-Murtra, Bernat
name: Hanel, Rudolf
name: Thurner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sample Space Reducing (SSR) processes are simple stochastic processes that offer a new route to understand scaling in path-dependent processes. Here we define a cascading process that generalises the recently defined SSR processes and is able to produce power laws with arbitrary exponents. We demonstrate analytically that the frequency distributions of states are power laws with exponents that coincide with the multiplication parameter of the cascading process. In addition, we show that imposing energy conservation in SSR cascades allows us to recover Fermi's classic result on the energy spectrum of cosmic rays, with the universal exponent -2, which is independent of the multiplication parameter of the cascade. Applications of the proposed process include fragmentation processes or directed cascading diffusion on networks, such as rumour or epidemic spreading.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
title: DiMuVR – Digitales Museum VR: Eine virtuelle Exkursion durch ein 360°-Museum
Creators: name: Frischbier, Denis
name: Kranz, Leon
name: Eisenlauer, Volker
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Virtuelle Exkursion
subject: 360°-Medien
subject: historische Bildung
subject: multiperspektivisches Geschichtsbewusstsein

description: Die 360°-Umgebung „DiMuVR – Digitales Museum VR“ ermöglicht eine virtuelle Exkursion durch eine historische Lehrsammlung im Kontext der deutschen Nachkriegsgeschichte nach dem 2. Weltkrieg. Ziel ist die Förderung eines kritischen und reflektierten Geschichtsbewusstseins unter Soldaten in der Ausbildung. Durch den Einsatz eines interaktiven Avatars in Kombination mit Foto,- Audio- und Filmaufnahmen kann unterschiedliches Quellenmaterial individuell erschlossen und dadurch die Standortgeschichte multiperspektivisch rekonstruiert werden. Die interaktive Lernumgebung wurde auf Basis von 360°-Medien und eines Authoring Tools (3DVista) umgesetzt und kann sowohl auf nicht-immersiven Endgeräten (z. B. Tablet, PC, Smartphone etc.) als auch auf immersiven Endgeräten (z. B. VR-Brillen, VR Caves) rezipiert werden. Eine erste Evaluationsphase (N=57) belegt eine hohe Akzeptanz sowie eine geringe kognitive Belastung. Unter folgendem Link ist ein Trailer zur 360°-Umgebung abrufbar: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vzrk0lGcr0Y
title: Mixed-Reality-in-the-Loop-Simulation basierend auf einem Digital Twin as a Service-Konzept für die Aus- und Weiterbildung im Maschinenbau
Creators: name: Schnierle, Marc
name: Hönig, Jana
name: von Bergen, Timm
name: Polak, Christopher
name: Hüttenberger, Marc
name: Fettahoglu, Thomas
name: Röck, Sascha
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mixed-Reality-in-the Loop Simulation
subject: Digital Twin as a Service
subject: Aus- und Weiterbildung
subject: Maschinenbau

description: In diesem Beitrag wird die Mixed-Reality-in-the Loop Simulation (MRiLS) für die Aus- und Weiterbildung im Maschinenbau vorgestellt. Die MRiLS kombiniert Methoden der X-in-the-Loop Simulation mit Visualisierungs- und Interaktionsmethoden der Mixed Reality und ermöglicht so die Integration des Menschen und seines Verhaltens in den Simulationskreislauf. Für einen orts- und endgeräteunabhängigen Einsatz der MRiLS wird das Digital Twin as a Service Konzept präsentiert. Die Umsetzbarkeit der Methoden wird an ausgewählten Lernszenarien demonstriert.
title: femtoPro: Become a femtosecond laser professional - Eine Laserlabor-Simulation in virtueller Realität zum Erlernen des sicheren Umgangs mit gepulster Laserstrahlung
Creators: name: Müller, Stefan
name: Brixner, Tobias
name: Müller, Andreas
name: von Mammen, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Virtual Reality
subject: Serious Games
subject: Femtosekundenlaser
subject: Optik-Simulation
subject: Lasersicherheit
subject: automatisiertes Lernen
subject: nichtlineare Optik
subject: Spektroskopie
subject: naturwissenschaftliche Ausbildung

description: Die praktische Ausbildung in nichtlinearer Optik und Spektroskopie an Hochschulen beschränkt sich aufgrund der sehr hohen Kosten von gut ausgestatteten Femtosekunden-Laserlaboren meist nur auf Vorlesungen. Ein praktisches Training ist jedoch essentiell, um das hohe Gefährdungspotential von ultrakurzen Laserpulsen zu minimieren und komplexe praktische Prozeduren zu üben. Wir haben daher „femtoPro“, eine interaktive Lehr- und Trainings-Simulation eines Femtosekunden-Laserlabors in virtueller Realität (VR), entwickelt. femtoPro verwendet physikalische Gesetzmäßigkeiten, um Gaußsche Strahlausbreitung, die Modulation ultrakurzer Pulse durch optische Elemente sowie die nichtlineare Licht-Materie-Wechselwirkung in Echtzeit auf Standalone-VR-Headsets zu berechnen. femtoPro beinhaltet einen praktischen Laborkurs, in welchem man mit Schritt-für-Schritt-Anleitungen lernen kann, wie man optische Experimente wie beispielsweise Teleskope, optische Verzögerungsstrecken oder Interferometer aufbaut, justiert und bedient. Das Programm eignet sich für die akademische und schulische Lehre, zur Ausbildung von Optik-Experten in der Industrie sowie für Laser-Sicherheitskurse. Ein Video zu femtoPro ist auf https://www.femtopro.com abrufbar.
title: Stärkung des Praxistransfers durch 360°-Videos in der Lehre der Sozialen Arbeit
Creators: name: Averbeck, Felix
name: Leifeling, Simon
name: Müller, Katja
name: Schönfelder, Thomas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 360°-Videos
subject: Soziale Arbeit
subject: Praxistransfer
subject: Didaktik
subject: Kommunikation

description: Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit der Verwendung von 360°-Videos in der Lehre der Sozialen Arbeit. Diese bilden einen Zugang zur Verwendung immersiver Medien, welcher auch im pädagogischen Bereich ohne spezifische Kompetenzen in der Programmierung anwendbar ist. Die ersten Umsetzungen wurden in Modulen der Moderation und Supervision, sowie Kommunikation und Reflexion im Bachelor- und Masterstudiengang durchgeführt. Allgemein positive Ergebnisse zu den Faktoren des Präsenzerlebens und Flow-Erlebens konnten belegt werden, ebenso wie die Wahrnehmung von Mehrwerten anhand der 360°-Videos in der jeweiligen Lehrsituation. Die Grundlagen, Umsetzung und Evaluationsergebnisse stellen die Kernpunkte dieses Beitrags dar und ermöglichen eine Abwägung zur Übertragung dieses Ansatzes zu vollziehen und die Vor- und Nachteile zu reflektieren.
title: Virtual Training Tools - Immersive Technologien zur Aus- und Weiterbildung in der Theatertechnik
Creators: name: Kaufmann, Vincent
name: Eckart, Hubert
name: Ebel, Viktoria
name: Wolff, Ellen
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Virtual Reality
subject: Learning
subject: Education
subject: Event Technology
subject: Skills & Training. Safety on Stage

description: Kultur ermöglicht Interaktion zwischen Menschen, sie erlaubt uns die Erschließung unserer (Um-)Welt. In komplexer werdenden Lebenswelten erscheint dies heute wichtiger denn je. Damit kulturelle Veranstaltungen störungsfrei und sicher für alle Beteiligten auf und hinter der Bühne umgesetzt werden können, gibt es die Berufsgruppe der Veranstaltungs- und Theatertechniker*innen. Ihre Expertise entsteht durch Übung, Routine und eine fundierte, praxisnahe Ausbildung. Herausfordernd in der Aus- und Weiterbildung ist jedoch, dass Szenarien aus dem Berufsalltag zumeist nicht hinreichend erprobt werden können, weil die technischen Anlagen am Lernort nicht zur Verfügung stehen. Erfahrungswissen in praxisbezogenen Problemstellungen erfolgreich anwenden zu können, ist eine Schlüsselkompetenz, die durch den Einsatz von Virtual Reality erlernt und vertieft werden kann. Mit diesem Anspruch wurden im digital.DTHG Projekt "Virtual Training Tools - Immersive Technologien in der Veranstaltungs-technik“ Prototypen für Immersive Lernanwendungen entwickelt, um Lernenden aus der Theater- und Veranstaltungstechnik spielerisch Wissen rund um das Thema „Sicherheit auf der Bühne“ praxisnah zu vermitteln.
Local news sentiment towards FEMA recovery efforts after Hurricane Florence in North Carolina
Creators: name: Cowan, Kristen N.
name: Cardwell, Julia
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023

description:
Newspaper sentiment and framing have the power to represent and inform public opinion on a variety of important issues. This study examines local news articles after Hurricane Florence struck North Carolina in the United States in September 2018 to understand the framing efforts undertaken by the outlets that produced these reports, as well as their impact on news sentiment towards the flood recovery efforts of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The results indicate that while most articles published in the wake of Florence have a neutral sentiment, there are a significant number of both positively and negatively coded articles that illuminate important information about how the public engaged with and comprehended the role of FEMA during recovery from the disaster, and how the media chose to cover its involvement. Such scrutiny will continue to inform how public, private, and government actors understand FEMA's role and whether it achieves its goals in the future.
Sensitivity and Covariance in Stochastic Complementarity Problems with an Application to Natural Gas Markets
Creators: name: Sankaranarayanan, Sriram
name: Feijoo, Felipe
name: Siddiqui, Sauleh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide an efficient method to approximate the covariance between decision variables and uncertain parameters in solutions to a general class of stochastic nonlinear complementarity problems. We also develop a sensitivity metric to quantify the uncertainty propagation in the problem by determining the change in the variance of the output variables due to a change in the variance of an input parameter. The covariance matrix of the solution variables quantifies the uncertainty in the output and pairs correlated variables and parameters. The sensitivity metric helps in identifying the parameters that cause maximum fluctuations in the output. The method developed in this paper optimizes the use of gradients and matrix multiplications which makes it particularly useful for large-scale problems. Having developed this method, we extend the deterministic version of the North American Natural Gas Model (NANGAM) to incorporate effects due to uncertainty in the parameters of the demand function, supply function, tariffs, and investment costs. We then use the sensitivity metrics to identify the parameters that impact the equilibrium the most.
Christ-Lee Model: Augmented Supervariable Approach
Creators: name: Kumar, R.
name: Shukla, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the complete set of off-shell nilpotent and absolutely anticommuting (anti-)BRST as well as (anti-)co-BRST symmetry transformations for the gauge-invariant Christ-Lee model by exploiting the celebrated (dual-)horizontality conditions together with the gauge-invariant and (anti-)co-BRST invariant restrictions within the framework of geometrical "augmented" supervariable approach to BRST formalism. We show the (anti-) BRST and (anti-)co-BRST invariances of the Lagrangian in the context of supervariable approach. We also provide the geometrical origin and capture the key properties associated with the (anti-)BRST and (anti-)co-BRST symmetry transformations (and corresponding conserved charges) in terms of the supervariables and Grassmannian translational generators.
description: LaTeX file, 18 pages, no figures, typos fixed, version to appear in Advances in High Energy Physics (2018)
The epidemiology of Salmonella and E. coli at a household level in Malawi
Creators: name: Wilson, Catherine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Salmonella
E. coli
Malawi

description: This database includes the extended data from this project. This information includes : Participant information sheet (Chichewa and English versions) Consent forms (household owner, adult participant, child participant (to be signed by adult on the child's behalf)(Chichewa and English versions) Assent forms (for child between the age of 8-18)(Chichewa and English versions) TENTACLE field and laboratory Standard Operating Procedures Library data processing protocol for WSI
A Superstring Field Theory for Supergravity
Creators: name: Reid-Edwards, R. A.
name: Riccombeni, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A covariant closed superstring field theory, equivalent to classical ten-dimensional Type II supergravity, is presented. The defining conformal field theory is the ambitwistor string worldsheet theory of Mason and Skinner. This theory is known to reproduce the scattering amplitudes of Cachazo, He and Yuan in which the scattering equations play an important role and the string field theory naturally incorporates these results. We investigate the operator formalism description of the ambitwsitor string and propose an action for the string field theory of the bosonic and supersymmetric theories. The correct linearised gauge symmetries and spacetime actions are explicitly reproduced and evidence is given that the action is correct to all orders. The focus is on the Neveu-Schwarz sector and the explicit description of tree level perturbation theory about flat spacetime. Application of the string field theory to general supergravity backgrounds and the inclusion of the Ramond sector are briefly discussed.
description: 57 pages. Published Version
A Subleading Operator Basis and Matching for $gg \to H$
Creators: name: Moult, Ian
name: Stewart, Iain W.
name: Vita, Gherardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Soft Collinear Effective Theory (SCET) is a powerful framework for studying factorization of amplitudes and cross sections in QCD. While factorization at leading power has been well studied, much less is known at subleading powers in the $λ\ll 1$ expansion. In SCET subleading soft and collinear corrections to a hard scattering process are described by power suppressed operators, which must be fixed case by case, and by well established power suppressed Lagrangians, which correct the leading power dynamics of soft and collinear radiation. Here we present a complete basis of power suppressed operators for $gg \to H$, classifying all operators which contribute to the cross section at $\mathcal{O}(λ^2)$, and showing how helicity selection rules significantly simplify the construction of the operator basis. We perform matching calculations to determine the tree level Wilson coefficients of our operators. These results are useful for studies of power corrections in both resummed and fixed order perturbation theory, and for understanding the factorization properties of gauge theory amplitudes and cross sections at subleading power. As one example, our basis of operators can be used to analytically compute power corrections for $N$-jettiness subtractions for $gg$ induced color singlet production at the LHC.
description: v2. JHEP version. Minor clarifications and typos fixed
Multiplicative structure in stable expansions of the group of integers
Creators: name: Conant, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define two families of expansions of $(\mathbb{Z},+,0)$ by unary predicates, and prove that their theories are superstable of $U$-rank $ω$. The first family consists of expansions $(\mathbb{Z},+,0,A)$, where $A$ is an infinite subset of a finitely generated multiplicative submonoid of $\mathbb{N}$. Using this result, we also prove stability for the expansion of $(\mathbb{Z},+,0)$ by all unary predicates of the form $\{q^n:n\in\mathbb{N}\}$ for some $q\in\mathbb{N}_{\geq 2}$. The second family consists of sets $A\subseteq\mathbb{N}$ which grow asymptotically close to a $\mathbb{Q}$-linearly independent increasing sequence $(λ_n)_{n=0}^\infty\subseteq\mathbb{R}^+$ such that $\{\frac{λ_n}{λ_m}:m\leq n\}$ is closed and discrete.
description: 20 pages; final version incorporating referee comments
title: MCT-Induced Ketosis and Fiber in Rheumatoid Arthritis (MIKARA)—Study Protocol and Primary Endpoint Results of the Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Intervention Study Indicating Effects on Disease Activity in RA Patients
Creators: name: Heidt, Christina
name: Pons-Kühnemann, Jörn
name: Kämmerer, Ulrike
name: Marquardt, Thorsten
name: Reuss-Borst, Monika
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Fatty acids, such as medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), both important components of a normal diet, have been reported to play a role in bone-related diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the role of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) has not been investigated in RA to date. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of supplementation of regular diet with MCT with and without fiber on disease activity as measured with the SDAI (Simplified Disease Activity Index) in RA patients. A total of 61 RA patients on stable drug treatment were randomly assigned to a twice-daily control regimen or to a twice-daily regimen of a formulation containing medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) 30 g/day for 8 weeks followed by a second twice-daily regimen of combining MCT (30 g/day) plus fiber (30 g/day) for an additional 8 weeks. The control group received a formulation containing long-chain triglycerides (LCTs) instead of MCTs. The preliminary results showed a significant reduction in SDAI from baseline to week 16 in the test group and a significant increase in β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels, while no improvement in SDAI was observed in the control group.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Universität Münster.
PrivacyScore: Improving Privacy and Security via Crowd-Sourced Benchmarks of Websites
Creators: name: Maass, Max
name: Wichmann, Pascal
name: Pridöhl, Henning
name: Herrmann, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Website owners make conscious and unconscious decisions that affect their users, potentially exposing them to privacy and security risks in the process. In this paper we introduce PrivacyScore, an automated website scanning portal that allows anyone to benchmark security and privacy features of multiple websites. In contrast to existing projects, the checks implemented in PrivacyScore cover a wider range of potential privacy and security issues. Furthermore, users can control the ranking and analysis methodology. Therefore, PrivacyScore can also be used by data protection authorities to perform regularly scheduled compliance checks. In the long term we hope that the transparency resulting from the published benchmarks creates an incentive for website owners to improve their sites. The public availability of a first version of PrivacyScore was announced at the ENISA Annual Privacy Forum in June 2017.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures. A german version of this paper discussing the legal aspects of this system is available at arXiv:1705.08889
Executive Functioning as a Predictor of Adverse Driving Outcomes in Teen Drivers With ADHD
Creators: name: Tamm, Leanne
name: Avion, Amina A.
name: Peugh, James
name: Garner, Annie A.
name: Lynch, James D.
name: Simon, John O.
name: Kiefer, Adam W.
name: Epstein, Jeffery N.
name: Fisher, Donald L.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description:
OBJECTIVE: The present study examined the association between executive functioning (EF) and risky driving behaviors in teens with ADHD. METHOD: Teens diagnosed with ADHD (n = 179; Mage = 17.4 years) completed two 15-min drives in a fixed-base driving simulator. EF was assessed using parent- and self-report Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF-2), a temporal reproduction task, and a Go/No-Go task (GNG). Driving outcomes included known predictors of crashes: count of long (>2 s) off-road glances, standard deviation (SD) of lane position (SDLP), mean speed, and SD speed. Generalized linear mixed models, controlling for intelligence and driving experience, were conducted. RESULTS: Higher rates of GNG commission errors predicted higher rates of long off-road glances. Lower parent-rated EF and increased rates of GNG omission errors predicted SDLP. Higher rates of GNG commission errors also predicted faster average driving speed. CONCLUSION: Heterogeneity in EF is associated with differences in teen ADHD risky driving behaviors.
Gravitational anomalies on the Newton-Cartan background
Creators: name: Fernandes, Karan
name: Mitra, Arpita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the trace and diffeomorphism anomalies of the Schrödinger field minimally coupled to the Newton-Cartan background using Fujikawa's path integral approach. This approach in particular enables us to calculate the one-loop contributions due to all the fields of the Newton-Cartan structure. We determine the coefficients and demonstrate that gravitational anomalies for this theory always arise in odd dimensions. Due to the gauge field contribution of the background we find that in $2+1$ dimensions the trace anomaly contains terms which have a form similar to that of the $1+1$ and $3+1$ dimensional relativistic trace anomalies. This result reveals that the Newton-Cartan background which satisfies the Frobenius condition possesses a Type A trace anomaly in contrast with the result of Lishitz spacetimes. As an application we demonstrate that the coefficient of the term similar to the $1+1$ dimensional relativistic trace anomaly satisfies a c-theorem condition.
description: 37 pages, no figures
Two classes of integral operators over the Siegel upper half-space
Creators: name: Liu, Congwen
name: Liu, Yi
name: Hu, Pengyan
name: Zhou, Lifang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 32A35, 47G10, Secondary 32A26, 30E20

description: We determine exactly when two classes of integral operators are bounded on weighted $L^p$ spaces over the Siegel upper half-space.
description: 13 pages. Filled a gap in the proof of the main result in the original version. To appear in Complex Analysis and Operator Theory
Dynamical Monte Carlo Simulations of 3-D Galactic Systems in Axisymmetric and Triaxial Potentials
Creators: name: Taani, Ali
name: Vallejo, Juan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the dynamical behavior of isolated old (> 1 G yr) objects-like Neutron Stars (NSs). These isolated NSs are evolved under smooth, time-independent, 3-D gravitational potentials, axisymmetric and with a triaxial dark halo. We analysed the geometry of the dynamics and applied the Poincare section method for comparing the influence of different birth velocity distributions. The inspection of the maximal asymptotic Lyapunov (Lambda) exponent shows that the dynamical behaviors of the selected orbits are nearly the same as the regular orbits with two degrees of freedom, both in axisymmetric and triaxial when (phi, q_z)= (0,0). Conversely, a few chaotic trajectories are found with a rotated triaxial halo when (phi, q_z)= (90, 1.5). The tube orbits preserve the direction of their circulation around either the long or short axis as appeared in the triaxial potential, even when every initial condition leads to different orientations. The Poincare section method shows that there are 2-D invariant tori and invariant curves (islands) around stable periodic orbits that bound to the surface of 3-D tori. The regularity of the several prototypical orbits offer the means to identify the phase space regions with localized motions and to determine their environment in different models, because they can occupy significant parts of phase-space depending on the potential. This is of particular importance in Galactic Dynamics.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, Published in Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia (PASA)