cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analytical thermodynamics of a strongly attractive three-component Fermi gas in one dimension
Creators: name: He, Peng
name: Yin, Xiangguo
name: Guan, Xiwen
name: Batchelor, Murray T.
name: Wang, Yupeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold three-component atomic Fermi gases in one dimension are expected to exhibit rich physics due to the presence of trions and different pairing states. Quantum phase transitions from the trion state into a paired phase and a normal Fermi liquid occur at zero temperature. We derive the analytical thermodynamics of strongly attractive three-component one-dimensional fermions with SU(3) symmetry via the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz method in unequal Zeeman splitting fields $H_1$ and $H_2$. We find explicitly that for low temperature the system acts like either a two-component or a three-component Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid dependent on the system parameters. The phase diagrams for the chemical potential and specific heat are presented for illustrative values of the Zeeman splitting. We also demonstrate that crossover between different Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid phases evolve singular behaviour in specific heat and entropy as the temperature tends to zero. Beyond Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid physics, we obtain the equation of state which provides a precise description of universal thermodynamics and quantum criticality in three-component strongly attractive Fermi gases.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A. Typos are corrected
Phasenkontrast in der Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie mit elektrostatischen Phasenplatten
Creators: name: Gamm, Björn
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2013
Subjects: Transmissionelektronenmikroskopie
Phasenkontrast
Phasenplatten
Zernike
Cryo-Elektronenmikroskopie

description: In dieser Arbeit wird die Anwendung elektrostatischer Phasenplatten in der Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie erforscht und diskutiert. Phasenplatten ermöglichen durch sogenannten Phasenkontrast die scharfe Abbildung von Proben, welche ansonsten transparent erscheinen. Beim Design, der Herstellung und deren Implementierung in ein Mikroskop wurden in dieser Arbeit entscheidende Fortschritte erzielt. Die hergestellten Phasenplatten wurden an relevanten Proben getestet, ihre Funktion demonstriert.
Wechselwirkungen zwischen anorganischen Nanopartikeln und Mikroorganismen - Nutzungs- und Gefährdungspotentiale
Creators: name: Schwegmann, Heiko
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2013

description: Die Toxizität von Nanopartikeln gegenüber Mikroorganismen wurde in Abhängigkeit von der Hintergrundmatrix und den daraus resultierenden Wechswirkungsenergien untersucht. Eine erwünschte Abtötung von Escherichia coli wurde bei der photokatalytischen Desinfektion mit Titandioxid Nanopartikeln evaluiert.
Periastron Advance in Black-Hole Binaries
Creators: name: Tiec, Alexandre Le
name: Mroué, Abdul H.
name: Barack, Leor
name: Buonanno, Alessandra
name: Pfeiffer, Harald P.
name: Sago, Norichika
name: Taracchini, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general relativistic (Mercury-type) periastron advance is calculated here for the first time with exquisite precision in full general relativity. We use accurate numerical relativity simulations of spinless black hole binaries with mass ratios 1/8 < m1/m2 < 1 and compare with the predictions of several analytic approximation schemes. We find the effective-one-body model to be remarkably accurate, and, surprisingly, so also the predictions of self-force theory [replacing m1/m2 --> m1m2/(m1+m2)^2]. Our results can inform a universal analytic model of the two-body dynamics, crucial for ongoing and future gravitational-wave searches.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; v2: new abstract, updated figures correcting minor error, added references, minor changes to match published version; to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Instabilities and Oscillations in Isotropic Active Gels
Creators: name: Banerjee, Shiladitya
name: Marchetti, M. Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generic formulation of the continuum elasticity of an isotropic crosslinked active gel. The gel is described by a two-component model consisting of an elastic network coupled frictionally to a permeating fluid. Activity is induced by active crosslinkers that undergo an ATP-activated cycle and transmit forces to the network. The on/off dynamics of the active crosslinkers is described via rate equations for unbound and bound motors. For large activity motors yield a contractile instability of the network. At smaller values of activity, the on/off motor dynamics provides an effective inertial drag on the network that opposes elastic restoring forces, resulting in spontaneous oscillations. Our work provides a continuum formulation that unifies earlier microscopic models of oscillations in muscle sarcomeres and a generic framework for the description of the large scale properties of isotropic active solids.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
IFAD RURAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2021 - Transforming food systems for rural prosperity
Creators: name: IFAD
name: IFAD
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food systems
subject: Nutrition
subject: Food security
subject: Food production
subject: Development
subject: Rural
subject: Sustainability
subject: Agriculture
subject: Agri food

description: This report calls for a revolutionary transformation of the world’s food systems. Today’s food systems have failed to make nutritious diets accessible or affordable to the poor and in a sustainable way. In consequence, at least three billion suffer undernourishment, nutrition deficiencies, or have become overweight. Over the past 70 years the global food system has become less efficient at its primary objective - delivering nutritious food sustainably. A focus on producing high-calorie grains has pushed up yields and cut prices of staple foods. The cost? Food waste, malnutrition and obesity, and environmental degradation. We need to transform the world’s food systems so that they deliver adequate, nutritious diets for all. They must be reshaped to provide decent livelihoods for all who grow, process, store and market our food. They must become fair, inclusive…and sustainable. This report analyses the problems, and provides the solutions. We need to put small-scale farmers and the midstream of firms that supply them with inputs and services, and handle the trading, storing, processing and distribution of food to consumers, at the centre of this transformation.
Party competition and electoral reforms: why do governments initiate a reform?
Creators: name: Issever-Ekinci, Esra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Most accounts of electoral reforms focus on successfully implemented reforms to explain how electoral context shapes the incentives of political parties, paying scant attention to the cases where governments fail to implement their preferred system. This article takes a step back in the electoral reform process and examines when and why governing parties initiate electoral reforms. In doing so, it focuses on how the electoral context can affect the electoral bases of the incumbents and their main competitor. This novel account expects that governments initiate electoral reforms depending on whether small or new parties draw votes from their own vote base or from that of their main competitor. Using an original dataset of electoral reform attempts from 32 parliamentary democracies between 1945 and 2015, this article shows that ruling parties are more likely to initiate a restrictive reform when small parties draw votes from their electoral base, but a permissive one when small parties draw more votes from their main competitor.
Anisotropic stress and stability in modified gravity models
Creators: name: Saltas, Ippocratis D.
name: Kunz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of anisotropic stress of a purely geometrical origin seems to be a characteristic of higher order gravity models, and has been suggested as a probe to test these models observationally, for example in weak lensing experiments. In this paper, we seek to find a class of higher order gravity models of f(R,G) type that would give us a zero anisotropic stress and study the consequences for the viability of the actual model. For the special case of a de Sitter background, we identify a subclass of models with the desired property. We also find a direct link between anisotropic stress and the stability of the model as well as the presence of extra degrees of freedom, which seems to be a general feature of higher order gravity models. Particularly, setting the anisotropic stress equal to zero for a de Sitter background leads to a singularity that makes it impossible to reach the de Sitter evolution.
description: 15 pages, v2: Minor changes in the text, typos corrected
Efficiency and Equity in a Society-Economy Integrated Model
Creators: name: Fleurbaey, Marc
name: Kanbur, Ravi
name: Snower, Dennis
name: Fleurbaey, Marc
name: Kanbur, Ravi
name: Snower, Dennis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Farm Management
Financial Economics

description: A model that only focuses on economic relations, and in which eciency and equity are dened in terms of resource allocation may miss an important part of the picture. We propose an inte- grated model that embeds economic activities in a larger game of social interactions, and dene comprehensive notions of eciency and equity. Social interactions provide additional sources of ineciencies and inequalities, including through the mere lack of coordination between the regu- lation mechanisms of the economic sphere and the social sphere. Remedies may require more than market solutions and redistribution of resources. In particular, social norms are likely to play an important role.
Phylogeny-Aware Placement and Alignment Methods for Short Reads
Creators: name: Berger, Simon A.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2013
Subjects: short-read
alignment
parallel
phylogeny

description: In recent years bioinformatics has entered a new phase: New sequencing methods, generally referred to as Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) have become widely available. This thesis introduces algorithms for phylogeny aware analysis of short sequence reads, as generated by NGS methods in the context of metagenomic studies. A considerable part of this work focuses on the technical (w.r.t. performance) challenges of these new algorithms, which have been developed specifically to exploit parallelism.
Ein Handlungssystem zur Skalierung der simulierten Vorbeifahrt mittels Mikrofonarray für eine effiziente Validierung in kleinen Halbfreifeldräumen im Fahrzeugentwicklungsprozess = An operation system for scaling the indoor pass-by measurement with a microphone array for an efficient validation in small semi-anechoic chambers in the vehicle development process
Creators: name: Robens, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2013
Subjects: Akustik
Simulierte Vorbeifahrt
Validierung
Fahrzeugentwicklungsprozess

description: Im Fahrzeugentwicklungsprozess muss für jedes Fahrzeug die Messung der beschleunigten Vorbeifahrt nach DIN ISO 362 durchgeführt werden. Diese Arbeit beschreibt zwei Teilhandlungssysteme für die Projektierung und die Validierung. Diese beinhalten zum einen die Untersuchungen für die Prüfung der akustischen Umgebung, zum andern, wie die simulierte Vorbeifahrt mittels Mikrofonarray im Fernfeld in kleineren Akustikhallen durchzuführen ist.
Soil health in temperate agroforestry: influence of tree species and position in the field
Creators: name: Mettauer, Romane
name: Thoumazeau, Alexis
name: Le Gall, Samuel
name: Soiron, Alexis
name: Rakotondrazafy, Nancy
name: Bérard, Annette
name: Brauman, Alain
name: Mézière, Delphine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Alley cropping agroforestry – whereby tree rows are integrated in crop plots – is considered as a lever for the agroecological transition. Its benefit for enhancing soil functioning is rarely studied. We studied soil health in a 25 years temperate agroforestry plot cultivated with barley (Hordeum vulgare) according to two factors: i. the position to the tree row; and ii. the tree species. Soil health was assessed in three positions (in the tree row; in the crop alley next to the tree row and at 6.5 m from the tree row), for three contrasted tree species (Acer monspessulanum, Fraxinus sp., Pyrus communis) using two integrative methods based on soil biological activity (Biofunctool®, MicroRespTM). The position factor explained soil health differences the best: mean indexes were found 1.6 times higher in the tree row than in both positions in the crop alley, especially the structure maintenance function was impacted (indexes in the tree row = 0.21 to 0.26; indexes in the crop alley = 0.11 to 0.17). Tree species had less impact on soil health and impacted only carbon dynamics and microbial catabolic profiles. Our study invites to consider spatial organization and tree species to optimize soil ecosystem services in agroforestry systems.
Technology in an Alternative Modernity
Creators: name: Lu, Yanfeng
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2013
Subjects: Technology
Modernity
China

description: This essay tries to defend a general embracing-controlling-stance on modern technology on the basis of the analysis of technology and a synthesized theory about the relationship between technology and culture. The task is carried out in the framework of an alternative modernity theory, in a cross-cultural context. China and specific technologies are used to illustrate the central ideas as case studies.
Correlations in double parton distributions at small x
Creators: name: Flensburg, Christoffer
name: Gustafson, Gösta
name: Lönnblad, Leif
name: Ster, Andras
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a dynamical study of the double parton distribution in impact parameter space, which enters into the double scattering cross section in hadronic collisions. This distribution is analogous to the generalized parton densities in momentum space. We use the Lund Dipole Cascade model, presented in earlier articles, which is based on BFKL evolution including essential higher order corrections and saturation effects. As result we find large correlation effects, which break the factorization of the double scattering process. At small transverse separation we see the development of "hot spots", which become stronger with increasing Q^2. At smaller x-values the distribution widens, consistent with the shrinking of the diffractive peak in elastic scattering. The dependence on Q^2 is, however, significantly stronger than the dependence on x, which has implications for extrapolations to LHC, e.g. for results for underlying events associated with the production of new heavy particles.
description: 19 pages v2: minor clarifications added. v3: citation added; JHEP 2011, Number 6, 66
Mass Customization of Cloud Services - Engineering, Negotiation and Optimization
Creators: name: Haak, Steffen
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2013
Subjects: Mass Customization
Service Engineering
Bilateral Negotiation
QoS Optimization

description: Several challenges hinder the entry of mass customization principles into Cloud computing: Firstly, the service engineering on provider side needs to be automated. Secondly, there has to be a suitable negotiation mechanism helping provider and consumer on finding an agreement on Quality-of-Service and price. Thirdly, finding the optimal configuration requires adequate and efficient optimization techniques. The work at hand addresses these challenges through technical and economic contributions.
title: Mesoporous Zirconia Coating for Sensing Applications Using Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR FT-IR) Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Wacht, Dominik
name: David, Mauro
name: Hinkov, Borislav
name: Detz, Hermann
name: Schwaighofer, Andreas
name: Baumgartner, Bettina
name: Lendl, Bernhard
Publisher: name: SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
Year: 2022
Subjects: porous materials
functional coatings
infrared spectroscopy
sensor
thin film

description: Mid-infrared attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool for in situ monitoring of various processes. Mesoporous silica, an extensively studied material, has already been applied in sensing schemes due to its high surface area and tunable surface chemistry. However, its poor chemical stability in aqueous solutions at pH values higher than 8 and strong absorption below 1250 cm-1 limits its range of applications. To circumvent these problems, a mesoporous zirconia coating on ATR crystals was developed. Herein, the synthesis, surface modification, and characterization of ordered mesoporous zirconia films on Si wafers and Si-ATR crystals are presented. The modified coating was applied in sensing schemes using aromatic and aliphatic nitriles in aqueous solution as organic pollutants. The mesoporous zirconia coating shows strong chemical resistance when kept in alkaline solution for 72 h. The success of surface modification is confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. Benzonitrile and valeronitrile in water are used as model analytes to evaluate the enrichment performance of the film. The experimental results are fitted using Freundlich isotherms, and enrichment factors of 162 and 26 are calculated for 10 mg L-1 benzonitrile and 25 mg L-1 valeronitrile in water, respectively. Limits of detection of 1 mg L-1 for benzonitrile and 11 mg L-1 for valeronitrile are obtained. The high chemical stability of this coating allows application in diverse fields such as catalysis with the possibility of in situ monitoring using FT-IR spectroscopy.
Constraints on the Light Pseudoscalar Meson Distribution Amplitudes from Their Meson-Photon Transition Form Factors
Creators: name: Wu, Xing-Gang
name: Huang, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The meson-photon transition form factors $γγ^*\to P$ ($P$ stands for $π$, $η$ and $η'$) provide strong constraints on the distribution amplitudes of the pseudoscalar mesons. In this paper, these transition form factors are calculated under the light-cone perturbative QCD approach, in which both the valence and non-valence quarks' contributions have been taken into consideration. To be consistent, an unified wavefunction model is adopted to analyze these form factors. It is shown that with proper charm component $f^{c}_{η'}\sim -30$ MeV and a moderate DA with $B\sim 0.30$, the experimental data on $Q^{2}F_{ηγ}(Q^2)$ and $Q^{2}F_{η'γ}(Q^2)$ in whole $Q^2$ region can be explained simultaneously. Further more, a detailed discussion on the form factors' uncertainties caused by the constituent quark masses $m_q$ and $m_s$, the parameter $B$, the mixing angle $ϕ$ and $f_{η'}^c$ are presented. It is found that by adjusting these parameters within their reasonable regions, one can improve the form factor to a certain degree but can not solve the puzzle for $Q^{2}F_{πγ}(Q^2)$, especially to explain the behavior of $π-γ$ form factor within the whole $Q^2$ region consistently. We hope further experimental data on these form factors in the large $Q^2$ region can clarify the present situation.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures and 1 table. Reference updated. To be published in Phys.Rev.D
Establishing a Connection Between Active Region Outflows and the Solar Wind: Abundance Measurements with EIS/Hinode
Creators: name: Brooks, David H.
name: Warren, Harry P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most interesting discoveries of the X-ray Telescope and EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on board the Hinode solar observatory is the presence of persistent high temperature high speed outflows from the edges of active regions. Measurements by EIS indicate that the outflows reach velocities of 50 km/s with spectral line asymmetries approaching 200 km/s. It has been suggested that these outflows may lie on open field lines that connect to the heliosphere, and that they could potentially be a significant source of the slow speed solar wind. A direct link has been difficult to establish, however. In this letter, we use EIS measurements of spectral line intensities that are sensitive to changes in the relative abundance of Si and S as a result of the first ionization potential (FIP) effect, to measure the chemical composition in the outflow regions of AR 10978 over a period of 5 days in December 2007. We find that Si is always enhanced over S by a factor of 3--4. This is generally consistent with the enhancement factor of low FIP elements measured in-situ in the slow solar wind by non-spectroscopic methods. Plasma with a slow wind-like composition was therefore flowing from the edge of the active region for at least 5 days. Furthermore, on December 10--11, when the outflow from the western side was favorably oriented in the Earth direction, the Si/S ratio was found to match the value measured a few days later by ACE/SWICS. These results provide strong observational evidence for a direct connection between the solar wind, and the coronal plasma in the outflow regions.
description: Version to be published in ApJL
Learning of Generalized Manipulation Strategies in Service Robotics
Creators: name: Jäkel, Rainer
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2013
Subjects: Motion planning
Autonomous robotic manipulation
Machine learning
Programming by Demonstration
Service Robotics

description: This thesis makes a contribution to autonomous robotic manipulation. The core is a novel constraint-based representation of manipulation tasks suitable for flexible online motion planning. Interactive learning from natural human demonstrations is combined with parallelized optimization to enable efficient learning of complex manipulation tasks with limited training data. Prior planning results are encoded automatically into the model to reduce planning time and solve the correspondence problem.
Alleviation of salt stress in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) plants by biochar-based rhizobacteria: new insights into the mechanisms regulating nutrient uptake, antioxidant activity, root growth and productivity
Creators: name: Ghassemi-Golezani, Kazem
name: Abdoli, Soheila
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Amendment of saline soils with biochar and rhizobacteria is a new technique to diminish the negative impacts of salt stress on plants. Hence, an original pot experiment was conducted in a glass greenhouse at the University of Tabriz to investigate the performance of salt-stressed (0, 6 and 12 dS m−1 NaCl) rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) plants in response to different biochar-related treatments (non-biochar, biochar, biochar-based Pseudomonas putida RS-198, biochar-based Azotobacter chroococcum RS-106 and both bacteria). The biochar-related treatments reduced sodium content, generation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and enzymatic antioxidants in plant tissues while enhanced nutrient content, non-enzymatic antioxidants, main and lateral roots lengths and weights, main/lateral root length ratio, specific root length, root diameter, shoot length and weight, leaf area, chlorophyll content and seed and oil yields under saline conditions. The biochar-based Pseudomonas + Azotobacter was the superior treatment for reducing the harmful impacts of salt stress on rapeseed plants, which resulted in 83–109% and 69–115% improvements in seed and oil yields of this crop under moderate and high salinities, respectively. Therefore, inoculation of biochar with both rhizobacteria might be a novel approach for improving salt tolerance and productivity of rapeseed plants.
Active Polymeric Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators
Creators: name: Flatae, Assegid Mengistu
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Microresonators
Quantum dots
Microlasers
Liquid crystal elastomers
Tunable resonators

description: This work demonstrates the fabrication and optical characterization of polymeric whispering gallery mode lasers. For the realization of low threshold quantum dot- and organic dye lasers different integration techniques are presented. To further improve the polymer resonators for robust device applications, room temperature resonance mode control and tuning of the lasing modes, on scales compatible with on-chip integration, is introduced.
Graphene field-effect devices at high frequencies
Creators: name: Benz, Christian
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Graphene
high frequency
FET
sapphire
hexagonal boron nitride

description: In this work, the high frequency response of several types of graphene field-effect transistors (GFET) is analyzed. In the first part, insulating substrates such as sapphire and hexagonal boron nitride are used to optimize device performance. In the second part, few-layer graphene is used as gate material to obtain ultra-thin GFET. Using large area CVD-grown graphene, an array of similar GFETs for improved device comparability and reproducibility is presented in the last part.
Optimizing essential oil, fatty acid profiles, and phenolic compounds of dragon’s head (Lallemantia iberica) intercropped with chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with biofertilizer inoculation under rainfed conditions in a semi-arid region
Creators: name: Zamani, Fatemeh
name: Amirnia, Reza
name: Rezaei-Chiyaneh, Esmaeil
name: Gheshlaghi, Mohammad
name: von Cossel, Moritz
name: Siddique, Kadambot H.M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: In arid and semi-arid regions, intercropping systems combined with biofertilizer application help improve the quantity and quality of food and industrial crops. This study assessed the effect of biofertilizers on the seed yield, essential oil (EO) concentration, fatty acid profile, and phenolic compounds of dragon’s head in intercropping patterns under rainfed conditions during the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons. The treatments comprised five planting patterns [sole cropping of dragon’s head (D) and chickpea (Ch) and intercropping patterns of 1D:1Ch, 2D:1Ch, 1D:2Ch] and three fertilizer sources [arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), bacterial biofertilizers (BI), no fertilization (control)]. The most sustainable combination was 2D:1Ch with BI fertilization, with the highest EO concentration in dragon’s head aerial parts (0.94%) and seeds (0.59%). The major EO constituents of dragon’s head aerial parts were germacrene-D and (E)-caryophyllene and seeds were 1,8-cineole and O-cymene. The 2D:1Ch intercropping pattern with BI fertilization also had the highest concentrations of linoleic acid, oleic acid, and phenolic compounds (quercetin and chlorogenic acid) and the highest land equivalent ratio (1.15). These results indicate that intercropping and BI fertilization can improve dragon’s head cultivation, rendering it a sustainable strategy for EO production under rainfed conditions.
Half-integer Higher Spin Fields in (A)dS from Spinning Particle Models
Creators: name: Corradini, Olindo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make use of O(2r+1) spinning particle models to construct linearized higher-spin curvatures in (A)dS spaces for fields of arbitrary half-integer spin propagating in a space of arbitrary (even) dimension: the field potentials, whose curvatures are computed with the present models, are spinor-tensors of mixed symmetry corresponding to Young tableaux with D/2 - 1 rows and r columns, thus reducing to totally symmetric spinor-tensors in four dimensions. The paper generalizes similar results obtained in the context of integer spins in (A)dS.
description: 1+18 pages; minor changes in the notation, references updated. Published version
Literarische Brücken in die 'arabische Welt'. Europäische Identität, arabische Alterität und Interkulturalität bei Michael Roes, Ilija Trojanow und Stefan Weidner
Creators: name: Pachur, Diana
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Interkulturalität
Identität
Roes
Trojanow
Weidner

description: Die Arbeit befasst sich mit literarischen Inszenierungen als Möglichkeitsspielräume interkultureller Wirkungskraft und analysiert in diesem Zusammenhang drei Texte der deutschsprachigen Gegenwartsliteratur: Michael Roes: Rub'Al-Khali. Leeres Viertel. Invention über das Spiel, Frankfurt am Main 1996; Ilija Trojanow: Der Weltensammler, München 2006 und Stefan Weidner: Fes. Sieben Umkreisungen, Zürich 2006.
No evidence for anomalously low variance circles on the sky
Creators: name: Moss, Adam
name: Scott, Douglas
name: Zibin, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper, Gurzadyan & Penrose claim to have found directions on the sky centred on which are circles of anomalously low variance in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). These features are presented as evidence for a particular picture of the very early Universe. We attempted to repeat the analysis of these authors, and we can indeed confirm that such variations do exist in the temperature variance for annuli around points in the data. However, we find that this variation is entirely expected in a sky which contains the usual CMB anisotropies. In other words, properly simulated Gaussian CMB data contain just the sorts of variations claimed. Gurzadyan & Penrose have not found evidence for pre-Big Bang phenomena, but have simply re-discovered that the CMB contains structure.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, v3 accepted by JCAP
Emotions in auctions: When and why bidders overbid
Creators: name: Lotz, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Auction
overbidding
emotion
bidding framework

description: The objective of this thesis is to identify situations in which bidders overbid in auctions and to explain overbidding behavior with emotionally motivated bidding behavior. The specific challenge is to identify the comprehensive range of types of emotions that influence bidding behavior based on approaches in emotional psychology. A standard procedure is developed to discuss emotions in auctions and to identify emotional pattern. A special focus is on the design of experiments with real goods.
TEM and STEM/EELS Studies of Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) Films and Diamond Films
Creators: name: Zhang, Xinyi
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014

description: This thesis is concerned with microstructural and chemical investigations of thin layers of diamond and diamond-like carbon (DLC) which were performed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in combination with electron energy loss spectroscopy. Practical aspects about the EELS technique of determining the fractions of sp2-hybridized carbon-atoms in DLC films are studied. The wear mechanism of diamond is proved by TEM to involve an atom-by-atom amorphization process driven by mechanical force.
Distinctive rings in the 21 cm signal of the epoch of reionization
Creators: name: Vonlanthen, P.
name: Semelin, B.
name: Baek, S.
name: Revaz, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is predicted that sources emitting UV radiation in the Lyman band during the epoch of reionization (EoR) showed a series of discontinuities in their Ly-alpha flux radial profile as a consequence of the thickness of the Lyman line series in the primeval intergalactic medium. Through unsaturated Wouthuysen-Field coupling, these spherical discontinuities are also present in the 21 cm emission of the neutral IGM. In this article, we study the effects these discontinuities have on the differential brightness temperature of the 21 cm signal of neutral hydrogen in a realistic setting including all other sources of fluctuations. We focus on the early phases of the EoR, and we address the question of the detectability by the planned Square Kilometre Array. Such a detection would be of great interest, because these structures could provide an unambiguous diagnostic for the cosmological origin of the signal remaining after the foreground cleaning procedure. Also, they could be used as a new type of standard rulers. We determine the differential brightness temperature of the 21 cm signal in the presence of inhomogeneous Wouthuysen-Field effect using simulations which include (hydro)dynamics and both ionizing and Lyman lines 3D radiative transfer with the code LICORICE. We find that the Lyman horizons are clearly visible on the maps and radial profiles around the first sources of our simulations, but for a limited time interval, typically Δz \approx 2 at z \sim 13. Stacking the profiles of the different sources of the simulation at a given redshift results in extending this interval to Δz \approx 4. When we take into account the implementation and design planned for the SKA (collecting area, sensitivity, resolution), we find that detection will be challenging. It may be possible with a 10 km diameter for the core, but will be difficult with the currently favored design of a 5 km core.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures; v2: Section 5.5 rewritten; some new references added; accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Monitoring des DFG-Förderprogramms "Open Access Publikationskosten"
Creators: name: Mittermaier, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Publikationsgebühren
APCs
Open-Access-Transformation
Monitoring
DFG

description: Bei der Antragstellung im DFG-Förderprogramm Open Access Publikationskosten erklären Einrichtungen ihre Bereitschaft, Metadaten zu den geförderten Publikationen an eine datensammelnde Stelle abzuliefern und diese öffentlich zugänglich zu machen. Die Zentralbibliothek des Forschungszentrums Jülich wurde von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft mit dem begleitenden Monitoring des DFG-Förderprogramms Open Access Publikationskosten beauftragt und ist somit die „datensammelnde Stelle“.
 Im Vortrag wird das Konzept des Monitoring vorgestellt, welches mit seinen jährlichen Berichten Stand und Entwicklung der Open-Access-Transformation in Deutschland abbilden wird. Ein besonderer Fokus des Vortrags liegt auf dem Datenschema, mit dem Einrichtungen die im Rahmen des Programms geförderten Publikationen melden werden.
Analysis of spatial and temporal heterogeneities of methane emissions of reservoirs by correlating hydro-acoustic with sediment parameters
Creators: name: Hilgert, Stephan
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: GHG emissions
Reservoirs
Sediment detection
Echo sounding
Methane

description: The quantification of methane emissions from reservoirs is still imprecise. This study aims on the improvement of methods to understand the relevant processes causing heterogeneities. By conducting hydro-acoustic surveys, morphometric information was obtained. Seabed classification was conducted, including extensive ground truthing, which allowed spatial interpolation. It was possible to link the sediment distribution to quality parameters and to characteristics determining methane production.
A multi-wavelength study of the unidentified TeV gamma-ray source HESS J1626-490
Creators: name: Eger, P.
name: Rowell, G.
name: Kawamura, A.
name: Fukui, Y.
name: Rolland, L.
name: Stegmann, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HESS J1626-490, so far only detected with the H.E.S.S. array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, could not be unambiguously identified with any source seen at lower energies. Therefore, we analyzed data from an archival XMM-Newton observation, pointed towards HESS J1626-490, to classify detected X-ray point-sources according to their spectral properties and their near-infrared counterparts from the 2MASS catalog. Furthermore, we characterized in detail the diffuse X-ray emission from a region compatible with the extended VHE signal. To characterize the Interstellar Medium surrounding HESS J1626-490 we analyzed $^{12}$CO(J=1-0) molecular line data from the NANTEN Galactic plane survey, HI data from the Southern Galactic Plane Survey and Spitzer data from the GLIMPSE and MIPSGAL surveys. None of the detected X-ray point sources fulfills the energetic requirements to be considered as the synchrotron radiation (SR) counterpart to the VHE source assuming an Inverse Compton (IC) emission scenario. We did not detect any diffuse X-ray excess emission originating from the region around HESS J1626-490 above the Galactic Background and the derived upper limit for the total X-ray flux disfavors a purely leptonic emission scenario for HESS J1626-490. We found a good morphological match between molecular and atomic gas in the -27km/s to -18km/s line-of-sight velocity range and HESS J1626-490. The cloud has a mass of 1.8$times 10^4$M$_{odot}$ and is located at a mean kinematic distance of $d$ = 1.8 kpc. Furthermore, we found a density depression in the HI gas at a similar distance which is spatially consistent with the SNR G335.2+00.1. We discuss various scenarios for the VHE emission, including the CO molecular cloud being a passive target for cosmic ray protons accelerated by the nearby SNR G335.2+00.1.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, A&A in press, updated to the final version
Propisochlor retention and mobility in the presence of straw in Brazilian cropping systems
Creators: name: Pereira, Natalia Salmazo
name: Munhoz-Garcia, Gustavo Vinícios
name: Takeshita, Vanessa
name: Pimpinato, Rodrigo Floriano
name: Tornisielo, Valdemar Luiz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Non-ionic herbicides, such as propisochlor, are more easily retained in organic soil fractions. The presence of straw in tropical cropping systems can affect herbicide transposition to the underlying seed banks and their environmental behavior. The aim of this study was to evaluate propisochlor soil retention in the presence of soybean and sugarcane straw (0, 5 and 10 t ha−1) through radiometric techniques. Most of the applied 14C-propisochlor was retained in the soil profile (18.2–39.4%) following an extreme rainfall simulation in the presence of straw. Decreased herbicide leaching was observed in the presence of sugarcane and soybean straw (0.7–0.5%), compared with soil without straw (1.8%). Hysteresis values ranged from 0.8 to 1.0, indicating that propisochlor sorption was reversible allowing for soil seed bank effects, as well as environmental dissipation. These findings indicate that propisochlor can overcome straw barriers, although representing low groundwater contamination risks. Because of this, reduced environmental impacts following the application of this herbicide are noted for tropical cropping systems containing straw mulch.
Non-Abelian statistics versus the Witten anomaly
Creators: name: McGreevy, John
name: Swingle, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is motivated by prospects for non-Abelian statistics of deconfined particle-like objects in 3+1 dimensions, realized as solitons with localized Majorana zeromodes. To this end, we study the fermionic collective coordinates of magnetic monopoles in 3+1 dimensional spontaneously-broken SU(2) gauge theories with various spectra of fermions. We argue that a single Majorana zeromode of the monopole is not compatible with cancellation of the Witten SU(2) anomaly. We also compare this approach with other attempts to realize deconfined non-Abelian objects in 3+1 dimensions.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures; v2: added refs, minor corrections, published version
Glyphosate effects on non-target plants: collateral impacts on elemental composition and growth of yerba mate
Creators: name: Magri, Ederlan
name: Barbosa, Julierme Zimmer
name: Prior, Stephen A.
name: Valduga, Alice Teresa
name: Motta, Antônio C. Vargas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: This work investigated collateral effects on non-target yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil) plants when using glyphosate for weed control; growth and leaf elemental composition were examined. Special emphasis was placed on examining the heavy metals Cd and Pb due to regulations defining maximum limits in South American infusion products. The experiment was conducted in pots using glyphosate [applied to Congo grass (Brachiaria ruziziensis), soil surface application, and control], two P rates (with and without P), two clonal yerba mate cultivars, and two different soils (basalt- and rhyodacite-derived). When using glyphosate to control Congo grass, total dry matter and basal diameter of yerba mate plants decreased. This effect was enhanced by lack of P. Collateral effects of glyphosate use resulted in increased K, P, and Cu in clone 1 cultivated in basalt-derived soil; with rhyodacite-derived soil, increased levels of Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, and Zn were observed in clone 1, while clone 2 displayed increases in B, Cd, and Pb. These observations demonstrate that glyphosate use to control undesirable plants can impact initial development and elemental composition of yerba mate, with variations between cultivars and soil type.
A linearized kinetic theory of spin-1/2 particles in magnetized plasmas
Creators: name: Lundin, Joakim
name: Brodin, Gert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have considered linear kinetic theory including the electron spin properties in a magnetized plasma. The starting point is a mean field Vlasov-like equation, derived from a fully quantum mechanical treatment, where effects from the electron spin precession and the magnetic dipole force is taken into account. The general conductivity tensor is derived, including both the free current contribution, as well as the magnetization current associated with the spin contribution. We conclude the paper with an extensive discussion of the quantum-mechanical boundary where we list parameter conditions that must be satisfied for various quantum effects to be influential.
description: 11 pages
Encountering silence(s) : mitigating the negative social impacts of construction camps with Lake Babine Nation
Creators: name: Quinn, Hannah Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Lake Babine Nation is currently in negotiations with the Prince Rupert Gas Transmission Pipeline Project regarding the construction of a 950km liquid natural gas pipeline through their traditional territory. While the project has been approved, Nation members continue to express their concerns regarding construction camps, facilities designed to accommodate up to 1000 temporary workers. Increased rates of sexual violence, sexually transmitted infections, and domestic abuse are some of the impacts they are most concerned about. While the initial goal of my research was to voice the concerns of Babine women, I was frequently confronted by prolonged silences, long pauses, refusals, and hesitations in my research encounters. This thesis reflects my critical engagement with silence as it emerged in interviews, negotiations, public discourse, and in the lived experience of Indigenous women in Lake Babine Nation. The questions that motivated this analysis attend to silence as a concept, experience, and method. What follows is the genealogy of the silences encountered: the silences incited by colonialism, the silences mobilized by marginalized people to negotiate institutions that seek to silence them, and the embodied silences of those who live with the embodied consequences of sexual violence. The purpose of my focus on silence has not been to impose a grand theory of silence on my research participants. Rather, the goal has been to attend to the pauses and gaps as they emerged in the research process, in a non-binary way. By extending silence, Babine women invited me to reflect on my positionality, the structures of domination in which we are implicated, and on their embodied and affective realities. What I find myself left with is silence as invitation—an invitation to learn, to unsettle colonial and racial relationships, to refuse, to resist, and to listen. Through a concerted focus on silences that surround sexual violence against Indigenous women, we may begin to see how anti-violence work can contribute to processes of decolonization and self-determination. This research establishes silence as a legitimate focus of investigation in qualitative research that may be approached with the same rigor with which we approach that which is spoken.
The Non-Compact Weyl Equation
Creators: name: Doikou, Anastasia
name: Ioannidou, Theodora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A non-compact version of the Weyl equation is proposed, based on the infinite dimensional spin zero representation of the sl_2 algebra. Solutions of the aforementioned equation are obtained in terms of the Kummer functions. In this context, we discuss the ADHMN approach in order to construct the corresponding non-compact BPS monopoles.
description: 10 pages Latex. Extra comments and an Appendix added. To appear in JHEP