cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
2020- A Comprehensive Review of Characterization and Detection of Adulteration of Extra Virgin Olive Oil.pdf
Creators: name: Almoselhy, Rania I.M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60101 Analytical Biochemistry
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Determination of authenticity of extra virgin olive oils has become very important in recent years due to the increasing public concerns about possible adulterations with relatively cheap vegetable oils and deodorized olive oils. The analysis and authentication of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) represent very challenging analytical chemical problems. Each country may have its own definition of olive oil and its own limits for particular oil parameters and monitoring guidelines in International Standards. Generally, these standards are based on the International Olive Council (IOC) and Codex Standards but often there are alternatives for different countries. The aim of this review is to provide specific information about olive oils with special concern about extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and analytical techniques to detect adulteration of EVOO. The guidelines for genuine olive oil are adapted from the IOC, other legitimate and appropriate sources. The contents provide information on possible adulterants in olive oil, the underlying causes of adulteration, and how to test for the presence of these adulterants.
Extreme statistics of complex random and quantum chaotic states
Creators: name: Lakshminarayan, Arul
name: Tomsovic, Steven
name: Bohigas, Oriol
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact analytical description of extreme intensity statistics in complex random states is derived. These states have the statistical properties of the Gaussian and Circular Unitary Ensemble eigenstates of random matrix theory. Although the components are correlated by the normalization constraint, it is still possible to derive compact formulae for all values of the dimensionality N. The maximum intensity result slowly approaches the Gumbel distribution even though the variables are bounded, whereas the minimum intensity result rapidly approaches the Weibull distribution. Since random matrix theory is conjectured to be applicable to chaotic quantum systems, we calculate the extreme eigenfunction statistics for the standard map with parameters at which its classical map is fully chaotic. The statistical behaviors are consistent with the finite-N formulae.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
On the triple nature of the X-ray source 4U2129+47 (= V1727 Cyg)
Creators: name: Bothwell, M. S.
name: Torres, M. P.
name: Garcia, M. R.
name: Charles, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. In quiescence, the proposed optical counterpart to the neutron star low mass X-ray binary 4U 2129+47 (V1727 Cyg) shows a spectrum consistent with a late F-type subgiant and no radial velocity variations on the 5.24 hour binary period. This could imply that V1727 Cyg is a chance line of sight interloper. Radial velocity measurements, however, showed evidence for a longer term ~40 km/s shift, which suggested that 4U 2129+47 could be a hierarchical triple system, with the F-type star in a wide orbit about the inner low mass X-ray binary. Aims. In order to confirm the long-term radial velocity shift reported in Garcia et al. (1989) and its amplitude, we obtained spectroscopic observations of V1727 Cyg during 1996 and 1998 with the William Herschel Telescope using the ISIS spectrograph. Methods. We determined radial velocities from the ISIS spectra by means of the cross-correlation technique with a template spectrum. Results. The resulting radial velocities show variations with a maximum amplitude of ~40 km/s, confirming previous results and supporting the F-type star as being the third body in a hierarchical triple system. The odds that this star could be an interloper are ~3e-6
description: 3 Pages, 2 Figures. Revised version in form accepted for publication in A&A
A Hertzian Plasmonic Nanodimer as an Efficient Optical Nanoantenna
Creators: name: Alu, Andrea
name: Engheta, Nader
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the geometry and shape of the classical radio-frequency radiator, the Hertzian dipole, here we analyze the design of a plasmonic optical dimer nanoantenna. We show how it may be possible to operate a pair of closely spaced spherical nanoparticles as an efficient optical nanoradiator, and how its tuning and matching properties may be tailored with great degree of freedom by designing suitable nanoloads placed at the dimer's gap. In this sense, we successfully apply nanocircuit concepts to model the loading nanoparticles. High levels of optical radiation efficiency are achieved, even considering the realistic absorption of optical metals, thanks to this specific geometry and design.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Recoilless resonant neutrino experiment and origin of neutrino oscillations
Creators: name: Bilenky, S. M.
name: von Feilitzsch, F.
name: Potzel, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that an experiment with recoilless resonant emission and absorption of tritium antineutrinos could have an important impact on our understanding of the origin of neutrino oscillations.
description: The report at the Workshop on Next Generation Nucleon Decay and Neutrino Detectors, NNN06, September 21-23, 2006, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
The Effect of Mission Duration on LISA Science Objectives
Creators: name: Seoane, Pau Amaro
name: Sedda, Manuel Arca
name: Babak, Stanislav
name: Berry, Christopher P. L.
name: Berti, Emanuele
name: Bertone, Gianfranco
name: Blas, Diego
name: Bogdanović, Tamara
name: Bonetti, Matteo
name: Breivik, Katelyn
name: Brito, Richard
name: Caldwell, Robert
name: Capelo, Pedro R.
name: Caprini, Chiara
name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Carson, Zack
name: Chen, Hsin-Yu
name: Chua, Alvin J. K.
name: Dvorkin, Irina
name: Haiman, Zoltan
name: Heisenberg, Lavinia
name: Isi, Maximiliano
name: Karnesis, Nikolaos
name: Kavanagh, Bradley J.
name: Littenberg, Tyson B.
name: Mangiagli, Alberto
name: Marcoccia, Paolo
name: Maselli, Andrea
name: Nardini, Germano
name: Pani, Paolo
name: Peloso, Marco
name: Pieroni, Mauro
name: Ricciardone, Angelo
name: Sesana, Alberto
name: Tamanini, Nicola
name: Toubiana, Alexandre
name: Valiante, Rosa
name: Vretinaris, Stamatis
name: Weir, David
name: Yagi, Kent
name: Zimmerman, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The science objectives of the LISA mission have been defined under the implicit assumption of a 4 yr continuous data stream. Based on the performance of LISA Pathfinder, it is now expected that LISA will have a duty cycle of $\approx 0.75$, which would reduce the effective span of usable data to 3 yr. This paper reports the results of a study by the LISA Science Group, which was charged with assessing the additional science return of increasing the mission lifetime. We explore various observational scenarios to assess the impact of mission duration on the main science objectives of the mission. We find that the science investigations most affected by mission duration concern the search for seed black holes at cosmic dawn, as well as the study of stellar-origin black holes and of their formation channels via multi-band and multi-messenger observations. We conclude that an extension to 6 yr of mission operations is recommended.
description: 50 pages, 19 figures, 5 tables. Matches version published in GERG
Asymptotically minimax Bayes predictive densities
Creators: name: Aslan, Mihaela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G07, 62G07 (Primary) 62C20 (Secondary)

description: Given a random sample from a distribution with density function that depends on an unknown parameter $θ$, we are interested in accurately estimating the true parametric density function at a future observation from the same distribution. The asymptotic risk of Bayes predictive density estimates with Kullback--Leibler loss function $D(f_θ||{\hat{f}})=\int{f_θ \log{(f_θ/ hat{f})}}$ is used to examine various ways of choosing prior distributions; the principal type of choice studied is minimax. We seek asymptotically least favorable predictive densities for which the corresponding asymptotic risk is minimax. A result resembling Stein's paradox for estimating normal means by the maximum likelihood holds for the uniform prior in the multivariate location family case: when the dimensionality of the model is at least three, the Jeffreys prior is minimax, though inadmissible. The Jeffreys prior is both admissible and minimax for one- and two-dimensional location problems.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053606000000885 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Doped Kagome System as Exotic Superconductor
Creators: name: Ko, Wing-Ho
name: Lee, Patrick A.
name: Wen, Xiao-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Chern--Simons theory for the doped spin-1/2 kagomé system is constructed, from which it is shown that the system is an exotic superconductor that breaks time-reversal symmetry. It is also shown that the system carries minimal vortices of flux $hc/4e$ (as opposed to the usual $hc/2e$ in conventional superconductors) and contains fractional quasiparticles (including fermionic quasiparticles with \emph{semionic} mutual statistics and spin-1/2 quasiparticles with \emph{bosonic} self-statistics) in addition to the usual spin-1/2 fermionic Bougoliubov quasiparticle. Two Chern--Simons theories--one with an auxiliary gauge field kept and one with the auxiliary field and a redundant matter field directly eliminated--are presented and shown to be consistent with each other.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures and 1 table; Extensive revision and expansion, including a new section on classifying the quasiparticles and a new section on an alternative Chern--Simons Lagrangian
Ferrodistortive instability at the (001) surface of half-metallic manganites
Creators: name: Pruneda, J. M.
name: Ferrari, V.
name: Littlewood, P. B.
name: Spaldin, N. A.
name: Artacho, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the structure of the fully relaxed (001) surface of the half-metallic manganite La0.7Sr0.3MnO3, calculated using density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Two relevant ferroelastic order parameters are identified and characterized: The tilting of the oxygen octahedra, which is present in the bulk phase, oscillates and decreases towards the surface, and an additional ferrodistortive Mn off-centering, triggered by the surface, decays monotonically into the bulk. The narrow d-like energy band that is characteristic of unrelaxed manganite surfaces is shifted down in energy by these structural distortions, retaining its uppermost layer localization. The magnitude of the zero-temperature magnetization is unchanged from its bulk value, but the effective spin-spin interactions are reduced at the surface.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Theoretical gravitational lensing. Beyond the weak-field small-angle approximation
Creators: name: Perlick, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overview is given on those theoretical gravitational lensing results that can be formulated in a spacetime setting, without assuming that the gravitational fields are weak and that the bending angles are small. The first part is devoted to analytical methods considering spacetimes in which the equations for light rays (lightlike geodesics) is completely integrable. This includes spherically symmetric static spacetimes, the Kerr spacetime and plane gravitational waves. The second part is devoted to qualitative methods which give some information on lensing properties without actually solving the equation for lightlike geodesics. This includes Morse theory, methods from differential topology and bifurcation theory.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures; extended written version of rapporteur talk, given at the workshop on ``Theoretical Gravitational Lensing'' at the 11th Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Berlin, 2006
Place-names of the Island Halkomelem Indian people
Creators: name: Rozen, David Lewis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The Island Halkomelem Indian people live on the southeastern part of Vancouver Island and on some of the southern Gulf Islands in British Columbia. A total of three hundred two (302) place-names are known to these people today, in their Coast Salish language. Each of these names is transcribed in a practical writing system, corresponding to the pronunciation of the Indian words by some of the thirteen elderly Island Halkomelem people who collaborated on this study. For each geographical name, information regarding its traditional and present utilization by the Indians is given. This data is derived from interviews with the Indian people conducted by the author over a ten year period and also includes all the available information on each place-name from the pertinent ethnographic, linguistic and historical literature. After the information on the place-names is presented a brief analysis of the Indian names is attempted, focusing on a preliminary typology of the names derived from the use, English translations and etymologies of each name. A complete and detailed series of maps is included. The study concludes with some statements about how the Indian geographical toponymy reflects Island Halkomelem culture.
Probing modified gravity theories with multiple measurements of high-redshift quasars
Creators: name: Lian, Yujie
name: Cao, Shuo
name: Biesiada, Marek
name: Chen, Yun
name: Zhang, Yilong
name: Guo, Wuzheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we quantify the ability of multiple measurements of high-redshift quasars (QSOs) to constrain several theories of modified gravity, including the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati braneworld scenario, generalized Chaplygin gas, $f(T)$ modified gravity, and Modified Polytropic Cardassian model. Recently released sample of 1598 quasars with X-ray and UV flux measurements in the redshift range of $0.036\leq z \leq 5.1003$, as well as a compilation of 120 intermediate-luminosity radio quasars covering the redshift of $0.46 < z < 2.76$ are respectively used as standard probes at higher redshifts. For all considered modified gravity theories, our results show that there is still some possibility that the standard $Λ$CDM scenario might not be the best cosmological model preferred by the current quasar observations. In order to improve cosmological constraints, the quasar data are also combined with the latest observations of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), which strongly complement the constraints. Finally, we discuss the support given by the data to modified gravity theories, applying different information theoretic techniques like the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and Jensen-Shannon divergence (JSD).
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A relativistic model for the Charmonium spectrum with a reduced number of free parameters
Creators: name: De Sanctis, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A previously introduced reduction of the Dirac equation is used to study the Charmonium spectrum. A regularized vector potential that only depends on the coupling constant and on the regularization radius is adopted, considering the interacting quark as an extended source of the Chromo-electric field. A scalar interaction is also introduced with some constraints for its parameters. A good description of the structure of the Charmonium spectrum is obtained with only three free parameters.
description: 14 pages, 2 tables
Electron acceleration driven by the lower-hybrid-drift instability: an extended quasilinear model
Creators: name: Lavorenti, F.
name: Henri, P.
name: Califano, F.
name: Aizawa, S.
name: André, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density inhomogeneities are ubiquitous in space and astrophysical plasmas, in particular at contact boundaries between different media. They often correspond to regions that exhibits strong dynamics on a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Indeed, density inhomogeneities are a source of free energy that can drive various instabilities such as, for instance, the lower-hybrid-drift instability which in turn transfers energy to the particles through wave-particle interactions and eventually heat the plasma. We aim at quantifying the efficiency of the lower-hybrid-drift instability to accelerate and/or heat electrons parallel to the ambient magnetic field. We combine two complementary methods: full-kinetic and quasilinear models. We report self-consistent evidence of electron acceleration driven by the development of the lower-hybrid-drift instability using 3D-3V full-kinetic numerical simulations. The efficiency of the observed acceleration cannot be explained by standard quasilinear theory. For this reason, we develop an extended quasilinear model able to quantitatively predict the interaction between lower-hybrid fluctuations and electrons on long time scales, now in agreement with full-kinetic simulations results. Finally, we apply this new, extended quasilinear model to a specific inhomogeneous space plasma boundary: the magnetopause of Mercury, and we discuss our quantitative predictions of electron acceleration in support to future BepiColombo observations.
description: Paper under evaluation for publication on the journal "Astronomy and Astrophysics"
Prevalence of food insecurity in people with major depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia and related psychoses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Teasdale, Scott B.
name: Müller-Stierlin, Annabel S.
name: Ruusunen, Anu
name: Eaton, Melissa
name: Marx, Wolfgang
name: Firth, Joseph
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: People with severe mental illness (SMI), such as major depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia, experience numerous risk factors that may predispose them to food insecurity; however, the prevalence of food insecurity and its effects on health are under-researched in this population group. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to describe the prevalence and correlates of food insecurity in people with SMI. A comprehensive electronic search was conducted up to March 2021. Random effects meta-analysis was employed to determine the prevalence of food insecurity in SMI, and odds ratio (OR) of food insecurity in people with SMI compared to non-psychiatric controls/general population. Twenty-nine unique datasets (31 publications) were included. Prevalence estimate of food insecurity in people with SMI was 40% (95% CI 29–52%, I2 = 99.7%, N = 27). People with SMI were 2.71 (95% CI 1.72–3.25) times more likely to report food insecurity than the comparator group (Z = 11.09, p I2 = 95%, N = 23). The odds of food insecurity in SMI were higher in high/high-middle income countries compared to low/low-middle income countries, likely due to the high food insecurity rates in the general population of lower income countries. There was no difference in food insecurity rates by diagnosis. Food insecurity should be a consideration for health professionals working with community-dwelling people with SMI.
N=4 Superconformal Mechanics and Black Holes
Creators: name: Bellucci, S.
name: Krivonos, S.
name: Shcherbakov, A.
name: Sutulin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motion of a particle near the Reissner-Nordstrom black hole horizon is described by conformal mechanics. In this paper we present an extended one-dimensional analysis of the N=4 superconformal mechanics coupled to n copies of N=8, d=1 vector supermultiplets. The constructed system possesses a special Kahler geometry in the scalar sector of the vector multiplets as well as an N=4 superconformal symmetry which is provided by a proper coupling to a dilaton superfield. The superconformal symmetry completely fixes the resulting action. We explicitly demonstrate that the electric and magnetic charges, presenting in the "effective black hole" action, appear as a result of resolving constraints on the auxiliary components of the vector supermultiplets. We present the component action, supercharges and Hamiltonian with all fermionic terms included. One of the possible ways to generalize the black hole potential is to consider a modified version of the N=4 superconformal multiplet where its auxiliary components acquire non-zero constant values. We explicitly write down the corresponding modified black hole potential.
description: 1+11 pages, no figures. v2: two references added, minor modifications in conclusion
Brownian Motion in Robertson-Walker Space-Times from electromagnetic Vacuum Fluctuations
Creators: name: Bessa, Carlos H. G.
name: Bezerra, Valdir B.
name: Ford, L. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider classical particles coupled to the quantized electromagnetic field in the background of a spatially flat Robertson-Walker universe. We find that these particles typically undergo Brownian motion and acquire a non-zero mean squared velocity which depends upon the scale factor of the universe. This Brownian motion can be interpreted as due to non-cancellation of anti-correlated vacuum fluctuations in the time dependent background space-time. We consider several types of coupling to the electromagnetic field, including particles with net electric charge, a magnetic dipole moment, and electric polarizability. We also investigate several different model scale factors.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures
Gluon scattering amplitudes at strong coupling
Creators: name: Alday, Luis F.
name: Maldacena, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe how to compute planar gluon scattering amplitudes at strong coupling in N=4 super Yang Mills by using the gauge/string duality. The computation boils down to finding a certain classical string configuration whose boundary conditions are determined by the gluon momenta. The results are infrared divergent. We introduce the gravity version of dimensional regularization to define finite quantities. The leading and subleading IR divergencies are characterized by two functions of the coupling that we compute at strong coupling. We compute also the full finite form for the four point amplitude and we find agreement with a recent ansatz by Bern, Dixon and Smirnov.
description: 28 pages, harvmac, v4: minor changes
The jet of Markarian 501 from millions of Schwarzschild radii down to a few hundreds
Creators: name: Giroletti, M.
name: Giovannini, G.
name: Cotton, W. D.
name: Taylor, G. B.
name: Perez-Torres, M. A.
name: Chiaberge, M.
name: Edwards, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: The TeV BL Lac object Markarian 501 is a complex, core dominated radio source, with a one sided, twisting jet on parsec scales. In the present work, we attempt to extend our understanding of the source physics to regions of the radio jet which have not been accessed before. Methods: We present new observations of Mrk 501 at 1.4 and 86 GHz. The 1.4 GHz data were obtained using the Very Large Array (VLA) and High Sensitivity Array (HSA) in November 2004, in full polarization, with a final r.m.s. noise of 25 microJy/beam in the HSA total intensity image; the 86 GHz observations were performed in October 2005 with the Global Millimeter VLBI Array (GMVA), providing an angular resolution as good as 110 x 40 microarcseconds. Results: The sensitivity and resolution provided by the HSA make it possible to detect the jet up to ~700 milliarcseconds (corresponding to a projected linear size of ~500 pc) from its base, while the superior resolution of the 86 GHz GMVA observations probes the innermost regions of the jet down to ~200 Schwarzschild radii. The brightness temperature at the jet base is in excess of 6e10 K. We find evidence of limb brightening on physical scales from <1 pc to ~40 pc. Polarization images and fits to the trend of jet width and brightness vs. distance from the core reveal a magnetic field parallel to the jet axis.
description: 10 pages, accepted by A&A
Theoretical analysis of the leptonic decays $B\to \ell \ell \ell'\barν_{\ell'}$
Creators: name: Ivanov, Mikhail A.
name: Melikhov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the amplitude of the $B\to l^+l^-l'ν'$ decays and the differential decay rate $d^2Γ/dq^2dq'^2$, $q$ the momentum of the $l^+l^-$ pair emitted from the electromagnetic vertex and $q'$ the momentum of the $l'ν'$ pair emitted from the weak vertex. For the relevant form factors, we construct dispersion representations in $q^2$ which consistently take into account the Ward identity constraints at $q^2=0$ and the contributions of light vector resonances. This allows a reliable description of the form factors in the range $0 < q^2 \le 1$ GeV$^2$ that saturates around 99% of the decay rate. The differential decay rate behaves at small $q^2$ as $dΓ(B\to l^+l^-l' ν')/dq^2\propto 1/q^2$ in the limit $m'_l=0$, but contains also more singlular contribution of order ${m'^2_l}/q^4$, which we take into account. For the case $m_l'\le m_l$, the latter may be neglected and one obtains a mild logarithmic dependence of $Γ(B\to l^{+}l^{-}l'ν')$ on $m_l$. For the case $m_l\ll m'_l$, however, the ${m'^2_l}/q^4$ terms dominate the decay rate leading to $Γ(B\to l^{+}l^{-}l'ν')\sim m'^2_l/m^2_l$. We find the following features of the four-lepton $B$-decays: (i) The decay rates $Γ\left(B\to μ^+μ^-(μν_μ,eν_e)\right)$ are fully dominated by the region of light vector resonances $q^2\simeq M_ρ^2, M_ω^2$; (ii) The decay rate $Γ(B\to e^{+}e^{-}e ν_e)$ receives comparable contributions from the region near $q^2\sim 4m_e^2$ and from the resonance region; (iii) One finds a strong enhancement of the decay rate $Γ(B\to e^+e^- μν_μ)\sim m_μ^2/m_e^2$ which is dominated by the region $q^2\sim 4m_e^2$ due to the terms $O(m_μ^2/q^4)$ in the differential distribution.
description: 14 pages. The branching fractions for the leptonic B decays into the final states containing identical leptons have been updated. Version to appear in Physical Review D
The relationship between major food sources of fructose and cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies
Creators: name: Kazemi, Asma
name: Soltani, Sepideh
name: Mokhtari, Zeinab
name: Khan, Tauseef
name: Golzarand, Mahdieh
name: Hosseini, Elham
name: Jayedi, Ahmad
name: Ebrahimpour, Soraiya
name: Akhlaghi, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: We aimed to summarize the associations between food sources of fructose and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer, and all-cause mortality risk using a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to November 2020. We included cohort studies that investigated the relationship between mortality risk (all-cause, CVD, specific CVD, and total and site-specific cancers) and intake of ≥1 food source of fructose (fruit, fruit juice, breakfast cereals, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), sweets, and yogurt) in general adult population. Summary hazard ratios and 95% CIs were estimated using a random-effects model for linear and nonlinear relationships. Findings indicated that each 100 g/d increase in fruit intake was associated with 8-13% lower risk of CVDs, stroke, gastrointestinal, and lung cancer mortality. For all-cause mortality, there was a beneficial relationship up to 200 g/d fruit, and then plateaued. For ischemic heart disease and cancer mortality, there was a beneficial relationship up to 300 g/d followed by a slight increase. Ingestion of breakfast cereals and sweets was also associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality. For yogurt, a non-linear marginal decrease in all-cause mortality was found. Ingestion of each 200 g/d yogurt was associated with a 14% lower risk of CVD mortality. Every 60 g/d increase in sweet intake was linked to a 5% lower risk of all-cause mortality. Contrariwise, every 250 g/d increase in SSBs intake was associated with 7–10% higher risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. In conclusion, beneficial associations were found between fruit, breakfast cereals, sweets, and yogurt with all-cause and/or CVD mortality risk. Fruit intake had also an inverse link with cancer mortality. Conversely, SSBs had a harmful relationship with all-cause and CVD mortality. Registry number: CRD42019144956
Superfluidity and magnetism in multicomponent ultracold fermions
Creators: name: Cherng, R. W.
name: Refael, Gil
name: Demler, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay between superfluidity and magnetism in a multicomponent gas of ultracold fermions. Ward-Takahashi identities constrain possible mean-field states describing order parameters for both pairing and magnetization. The structure of global phase diagrams arises from competition among these states as functions of anisotropies in chemical potential, density, or interactions. They exhibit first and second order phase transition as well as multicritical points, metastability regions, and phase separation. We comment on experimental signatures in ultracold atoms.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
A Factorization Law for Entanglement Decay
Creators: name: Konrad, Thomas
name: de Melo, Fernando
name: Tiersch, Markus
name: Kasztelan, Christian
name: Aragao, Adriano
name: Buchleitner, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple and general factorization law for quantum systems shared by two parties, which describes the time evolution of entanglement upon passage of either component through an arbitrary noisy channel. The robustness of entanglement-based quantum information processing protocols is thus easily and fully characterized by a single quantity.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
A full spectral-timing model to map the accretion flow in black hole binaries: the low/hard state of MAXI J1820+070
Creators: name: Kawamura, Tenyo
name: Axelsson, Magnus
name: Done, Chris
name: Takahashi, Tadayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature and geometry of the accretion flow in the low/hard state of black hole binaries is currently controversial. While most properties are generally explained in the truncated disc/hot inner flow model, the detection of a broad residual around the iron line argues for strong relativistic effects from an untruncated disc. Since spectral fitting alone is somewhat degenerate, we combine it with the additional information in the fast X-ray variability and perform a full spectral-timing analysis for NICER and NuSTAR data on a bright low/hard state of MAXI J1820+070. We model the variability with propagating mass accretion rate fluctuations by combining two separate current insights: that the hot flow is spectrally inhomogeneous, and that there is a discontinuous jump in viscous time-scale between the hot flow and variable disc. Our model naturally gives the double-humped shape of the power spectra, and the increasing high-frequency variability with energy in the second hump. Including reflection and reprocessing from a disc truncated at a few tens of gravitational radii quantitatively reproduces the switch in the lag-frequency spectra, from hard lagging soft at low frequencies (propagation through the variable flow) to the soft lagging hard at the high frequencies (reverberation from the hard X-ray continuum illuminating the disc). The viscous time-scale of the hot flow is derived from the model, and we show how this can be used to observationally test ideas about the origin of the jet.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Broad reprocessed Balmer emission from warped accretion discs
Creators: name: Wu, Sheng-Miao
name: Wang, Ting-Gui
name: Dong, Xiao-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double peaked broad emission lines in active galactic nuclei are generally considered to be formed in an accretion disc. In this paper, we compute the profiles of reprocessing emission lines from a relativistic, warped accretion disc around a black hole in order to explore the possibility that certain asymmetries in the double-peaked emission line profile which can not be explained by a circular Keplerian disc may be induced by disc warping. The disc warping also provides a solution for the energy budget in the emission line region because it increases the solid angle of the outer disc portion subtended to the inner portion of the disc. We adopted a parametrized disc geometry and a central point-like source of ionizing radiation to capture the main characteristics of the emission line profile from such discs. We find that the ratio between the blue and red peaks of the line profiles becoming less than unity can be naturally predicted by a twisted warped disc, and a third peak can be produced in some cases. We show that disc warping can reproduce the main features of multi-peaked line profiles of four active galactic nuclei from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A Method for Estimating the Entropy of Time Series Using Artificial Neural Networks
Creators: name: Velichko, Andrei
name: Heidari, Hanif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring the predictability and complexity of time series using entropy is essential tool de-signing and controlling a nonlinear system. However, the existing methods have some drawbacks related to the strong dependence of entropy on the parameters of the methods. To overcome these difficulties, this study proposes a new method for estimating the entropy of a time series using the LogNNet neural network model. The LogNNet reservoir matrix is filled with time series elements according to our algorithm. The accuracy of the classification of images from the MNIST-10 database is considered as the entropy measure and denoted by NNetEn. The novelty of entropy calculation is that the time series is involved in mixing the input information in the res-ervoir. Greater complexity in the time series leads to a higher classification accuracy and higher NNetEn values. We introduce a new time series characteristic called time series learning inertia that determines the learning rate of the neural network. The robustness and efficiency of the method is verified on chaotic, periodic, random, binary, and constant time series. The comparison of NNetEn with other methods of entropy estimation demonstrates that our method is more robust and accurate and can be widely used in practice.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, 1 table
The effects of non-helical component of hypermagnetic field on the evolution of the matter-antimatter asymmetry, vorticity, and hypermagnetic field
Creators: name: Abbaslu, S.
name: Zadeh, S. Rostam
name: Rezaei, A.
name: Gousheh, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the matter-antimatter asymmetry (η), the vorticity, and the hypermagnetic field in the symmetric phase of the early Universe, and in the temperature range 100 GeV < T < 10 TeV. We assume a configuration for the hypermagnetic field which includes both helical and non-helical (Bz) components. Consequently, the hypermagnetic field and the fluid vorticity can directly affect each other, the manifestations of which we explore in three scenarios. In the first scenario, we show that in the presence of a small vorticity and a large ηeR, helicity can be generated and amplified for an initially strong Bz. The generation of the helical seed is due to the chiral vortical effect (CVE) and/or the advection term, while its growth is mainly due to the chiral magnetic effect (CME) which leads to the production of the baryon asymmetry, as well. The vorticity saturates to a nonzero value which depends on Bz, even in the presence of the viscosity, due to the back-reaction of Bz on the plasma. Increasing the initial vorticity, makes the values of the helicity, ηs, and vorticity reach their saturation curves sooner, but does not change their final values at the onset of the electroweak phase transition. The second scenario is similar to the first except we assume that all initial ηs are zero. We find that much higher initial vorticity is required for the generation process. In the third scenario, we show that in the presence of only a strong hypermagnetic field, ηs and vorticity can be generated and amplified. Increasing the initial helicity, increases the final ηs and vorticity. We find that although the presence of a nonzero initial Bz is necessary in all three scenarios, its increase only increases the final values of vorticity.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures
A comparative outcome study for the treatment of social avoidance : does training in helping skills add to a behavioural strategy?
Creators: name: Cappe, Robin Elyse
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Traditionally, research regarding social skills training has emphasized deficits in specific skill components, rather than process skills, such as being sensitive to another's behaviour. In the present study, Human Relations Training (HRT) was adapted to the treatment of socially avoidant members of the community. Training in HRT consisted of defining, modeling and practising skills of attending, empathy, self-disclosure and respect. It was expected that training in these process-like skills would encourage a focus of attention away from the self and towards the other, which in turn, may abate anxiety and foster social effectiveness. Following a stringent screening process, 52 persons (26 male, 26 female) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: Graduated exposure plus progressive relaxation (Condition I); Graduated exposure plus progressive relaxation plus HRT (Condition II); or a Waiting list condition. Subjects in the two treatment conditions received eight weekly, two-hour training sessions in groups. The results indicated that subjects in both treatment conditions improved in the predicted direction more than those in the waiting list condition, as assessed by twenty of twenty-one dependent measures. Subjects in both treatment conditions improved significantly more than those in the waiting list condition on self-reported well-being, global skill and comfort, and functional impairment. This difference was not corroborated by objective raters. Those in the HRT condition improved significantly more than those in Condition I on several self-report measures. This improvement of HRT subjects could not be clearly attributed to an other-directed focus of attention. There was no evidence of gender differences. After three months, participants had maintained positive changes made at post assessment, but had not improved significantly since then. However, those in the HRT condition reported that they were engaging in a broader range of social activities and with greater frequency than those in Condition I. It was concluded that both treatment conditions evidenced greater improvement than those who received no treatment, as assessed by self-report measures. Further, the addition of an HRT component to a behavioural strategy proved somewhat beneficial to the well- being and social effectiveness of subjects.
Declaration of Intention of Charles Brooks
Creators: name: United States. Bureau Of Naturalization
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1899

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by:   Charles BrooksApplicant age: 47Occupation: UnknownCountry of Origin: GermanyDate of Birth: UnknownSailed to the US aboard the vessel:  Unknown City of residence at time of declaration: PomonaDeclaration submitted and sworn on date: 28 August 1899
M-theory, exceptional generalised geometry and superpotentials
Creators: name: Pacheco, Paulo Pires
name: Waldram, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss the structure of "exceptional generalised geometry" (EGG), an extension of Hitchin's generalised geometry that provides a unified geometrical description of backgrounds in eleven-dimensional supergravity. On a d-dimensional background, as first described by Hull, the action of the generalised geometrical O(d,d) symmetry group is replaced in EGG by the exceptional U-duality group E_d(d). The metric and form-field degrees of freedom combine into a single geometrical object, so that EGG naturally describes generic backgrounds with flux, and there is an EGG analogue of the Courant bracket which encodes the differential geometry. Our focus is on the case of seven-dimensional backgrounds with N=1 four-dimensional supersymmetry. The corresponding EGG is the generalisation of a G_2-structure manifold. We show it is characterised by an element ϕin a particular orbit of the 912 representation of E_7(7), which defines an SU(7) (subset of E_7(7)) structure. As an application, we derive the generic form of the four-dimensional effective superpotential, and show that it can be written in a universal form, as a homogeneous E_7(7)-invariant functional of ϕ.
description: 36 pages, 3 tables, youngtab.sty for Young tableaux, typeset in JHEP style (HYPER VERSION); v2: references added (with corresponding comments)
Declaration of Intention of Joseph Youncousky
Creators: name: United States. Bureau Of Naturalization
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1900

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by: Joseph YouncouskyApplicant age:36Occupation: unknownCountry of Origin:GermanyDate of Birth: unknownSailed to the US aboard the vessel: unknown  City of residence at time of declaration: unknownDeclaration submitted and sworn on date: 27 September 1900
Anna Karenina, the 'English novel'.Towards the study of anglomania in Leo Tolstoy 's novel Anna Karenina
Creators: name: Sarana, Natalia
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014
Subjects: Tolstoy; Anna Karenina; Anglomania; Comparative Literature; Russian Literature

description: The article deals with one storyline of the novel Anna Karenina that stands as the key for the re-search into the significance of Anglomania in the novel. The 1850-1870s in Russian culture is the time of a most intensive formation of the image of the UK as a highly complex combination of real and mythological elements. The novel Anna Karenina, which Tolstoy himself called the novel about modern life, sets forth the fashion for everything ‘English’ in Russian high society in the 1870s with almost documentary precision. The episode the article deals with is Anna Karenina's reading of an English novel. The article looks at different theories of the origin of the novel and suggests a particular novel as the source for the English novel in Anna Karenina. Article argues that the knowledge of the particular English novel contributes not only to the re-search of Anglomania in Anna Karenina and other Tolstoy's works but also gives a significant in-sight into the study of the characters in the novel.
description: ENTHYMEMA, No 11 (2014)