cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Inferior vena cava anatomical variants: a literature review and interesting case presentations
Creators: name: Vázquez Mézquita, Aldo Javier
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Congenital
subject: Thrombolysis
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Anatomy
subject: Vascular

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: 1.- To present unusual inferior vena cava anatomical variants. 2.- To review the potential causes and consequences of these...
Review of Books: Jonathan M. Hansen. Guantánamo: An American History
Creators: name: Cooley, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Military history
subject: History
subject: International relations

description: For the American Historical Review, Cooley reviews Michael Hansen's Guantanamo: An American History.
"Before its branding as a space of barbed wire fences and shackled prisoners wearing orange jump suits, the U.S. naval facility at Guantánamo Bay had long embodied the contradictions of American political identity, chiefly the tensions between U.S. constitutional principles and the naked pursuit of self-interested foreign relations. Much of Jonathan M. Hansen’s absorbing account of the history of the forty-five-square-mile facility on the southeastern corner of Cuba will be familiar to observers of American imperialism and U.S. overseas bases. Cuba’s occupation in 1898 admitted the United States into the global club of formal empires and, as with its annexation of the Philippines, Panama, and Hawai‘i, forced U.S. officials to reconcile their public commitments to freedom and independence with violating a people’s sovereignty and political aspirations. The book also contributes to a growing literature on the social history of U.S. military bases abroad as Hansen explores changing relations among the base’s command, its local labor force, and private contractors; the mythical idealization of its social life; gender relations and the management of a tacitly sanctioned sex industry; and the racial tensions contained within and across the base’s fences."
Small asymmetric sumsets in elementary abelian 2-groups
Creators: name: Even-Zohar, Chaim
name: Lev, Vsevolod F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let A and B be subsets of an elementary abelian 2-group G, none of which are contained in a coset of a proper subgroup. Extending onto potentially distinct summands a result of Hennecart and Plagne, we show that if |A+B|
description: 6 pages
The Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein Matter Potential at the One-loop Level in the Standard Model
Creators: name: Huang, Jihong
name: Zhou, Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When neutrinos are propagating in ordinary matter, their coherent forward scattering off background particles results in the so-called Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) matter potential, which plays an important role in neutrino flavor conversions. In this paper, we present a complete one-loop calculation of the MSW matter potential in the Standard Model (SM). First, we carry out the one-loop renormalization of the SM in the on-shell scheme, where the electromagnetic fine-structure constant $α$, the weak gauge-boson masses $m^{}_W$ and $m^{}_Z$, the Higgs-boson mass $m^{}_h$ and the fermion masses $m^{}_f$ are chosen as input parameters. Then, the finite corrections to the scattering amplitudes of neutrinos with the electrons and quarks are calculated, and the one-loop MSW matter potentials are derived. Adopting the latest values of all physical parameters, we find that the relative size of one-loop correction to the charged-current matter potential of electron-type neutrinos or antineutrinos turns out to be $6\%$, whereas that to the neutral-current matter potential of all-flavor neutrinos or antineutrinos can be as large as $8\%$. The calculations are also performed in the $\overline{\rm MS}$ scheme and compared with previous results in the literature.
description: 33 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, more discussions and references added, version accepted by PRD
title: Back to basics in foot and ankle: A practical approach to plain radiography
Creators: name: Giovanetti González, Rubén
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Trauma
subject: Congenital
subject: Normal variants
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Extremities
subject: Musculoskeletal

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To improve understanding of normal radiographic anatomy, variants, and alignments of foot and ankle. To provide a systematic approach to conventional radiography of the foot and ankle. To illustrate the key features of usual and unusual pathologies...
Central Banking in a Democratic Society
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Economics

description: This Tinbergen lecture addresses two issues. The first concerns the principles of monetary policy in a low-inflation environment. The second, more fundamental, issue concerns the institutional arrangements by which monetary policy is set in a democratic society. Three conclusions are drawn: (1) monetary policy matters and, despite some major mistakes, American postwar economic policy has led to far greater stability of the economy; (2) strategies of opportunistic disinflation or pre-emptive strikes are based on hypotheses for which there is little empirical support and an alternative strategy, called cautions expansionism, would be preferable; (3) a central bank must be accountable and sensitive to democratic processes--there must be more democracy in the choice of decisionmakers and more representativeness in the governance structure.
On the filtration mechanisms and oral anatomy of lunge-feeding baleen whales
Creators: name: Pinto, Sheldon James Dominick
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Here we endeavoured to quantify the filtration mechanics of rorquals and the material properties of baleen “gums” (termed zwischensubstanz) by examining and testing the baleen of a fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus). It was hypothesized that fin whales use cross-flow filtration to filter krill from engulfed seawater such that krill and other debris do not become entangled in the baleen fringes. Cross-flow filtration was proposed as an alternate mechanism to dead-end sieving since it would create a highly concentrated suspension of krill inside the mouth (potentially at the oesophageal opening) and would also not require krill to contact the baleen, eliminating clogging and filtering efficiency losses. We tested filtration mechanisms by placing a sixty-two centimetre section of baleen from a fin whale in a circular water tank and imitating the whale’s environment through various flow scenarios and setups. It was not conclusively determined whether cross-flow filtration is the mechanism used by fin whales, but a new mechanism was proposed called centripetal filtration in which two slugs of water spiral anteriorly on the left and right side of the whale’s oral cavity. Further examination of this proposed mechanism is required. The material properties of the zwischensubstanz that holds baleen plates together and the development of baleen plates through this zwischensubstanz were also examined. Zwischensubstanz exhibits isotropic properties similar to soft rubber in compression with an average Young’s modulus of 2.56 ± 0.60 MPa and 44.4 ± 2.4% hysteresis when compressed at 0.5 Hz, as it appears to space the baleen plates and absorb stresses translated from the plates. Through this rubbery zwischensubstanz, the baleen plates develop from conical papillae to hard, keratinized plates. The zwischensubstanz forms a matrix around the papillae and is calcified and keratinized before exiting the zwischensubstanz as a fully developed plate. The discoveries made here with regard to centripetal filtration and the properties of zwischensubstanz are preliminary attempts at quantifying baleen whale filtration and its associated feeding structures. Such work has been rare in the literature and there are many questions left to be answered by eager scientists with regard to the greatest biomechanical event in the world.
title: Mediastinal masses: A Systematic Approach to Differential Diagnosis
Creators: name: ABU ARIF, SARA
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Education and training
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Thorax
subject: Mediastinum
subject: Anatomy
subject: Chest

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Illustrate and review the anatomy of the mediastinum. Create an easy step by step guide in approaching mediastinal lesions. Find a systematic approach to the differential diagnosis of mediastinal lesions, with emphasis on computer tomography...
Changes in Natural Killer Cell Activation and Function during Primary HIV-1 Infection
Creators: name: Naranbhai, Vivek
name: Altfeld, Marcus
name: Abdool Karim, Salim
name: Ndung'u, Thumbi
name: Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
name: Carr, William H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Epidemiology
Medicine
Cytology

description: Background: Recent reports suggest that Natural Killer (NK) cells may modulate pathogenesis of primary HIV-1 infection. However, HIV dysregulates NK-cell responses. We dissected this bi-directional relationship to understand how HIV impacts NK-cell responses during primary HIV-1 infection.
Methodology/Principal Findings: Paired samples from 41 high-risk, initially HIV-uninfected CAPRISA004 participants were analysed prior to HIV acquisition, and during viraemic primary HIV-1 infection. At the time of sampling post-infection five women were seronegative, 11 women were serodiscordant, and 25 women were seropositive by HIV-1 rapid immunoassay. Flow cytometry was used to measure NK and T-cell activation, NK-cell receptor expression, cytotoxic and cytokine-secretory functions, and trafficking marker expression (CCR7, α4β7). Non-parametric statistical tests were used. Both NK cells and T-cells were significantly activated following HIV acquisition (p = 0.03 and p less than 0.0001, respectively), but correlation between NK-cell and T-cell activation was uncoupled following infection (pre-infection r = 0.68;p less than 0.0001; post-infection, during primary infection r = 0.074;p = 0.09). Nonetheless, during primary infection NK-cell and T-cell activation correlated with HIV viral load (r = 0.32'p = 0.04 and r = 0.35;p = 0.02, respectively). The frequency of Killer Immunoglobulin-like Receptor-expressing (KIRpos) NK cells increased following HIV acquisition (p = 0.006), and KIRpos NK cells were less activated than KIRneg NK cells amongst individuals sampled while seronegative or serodiscordant (p = 0.001;p less than 0.0001 respectively). During HIV-1 infection, cytotoxic NK cell responses evaluated after IL-2 stimulation alone, or after co-culture with 721 cells, were impaired (p = 0.006 and p = 0.002, respectively). However, NK-cell IFN-y secretory function was not significantly altered. The frequency of CCR7+ NK cells was elevated during primary infection, particularly at early time-points (p less than 0.0001).
Conclusions/Significance: Analyses of immune cells before and after HIV infection revealed an increase in both NK-cell activation and KIR expression, but reduced cytotoxicity during acute infection. The increase in frequency of NK cells able to traffic to lymph nodes following HIV infection suggests that these cells may play a role in events in secondary lymphoid tissue.
Double-Fourier engineering of Josephson energy-phase relationships applied to diodes
Creators: name: Bozkurt, A. Mert
name: Brookman, Jasper
name: Fatemi, Valla
name: Akhmerov, Anton R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic method to design arbitrary energy-phase relations using parallel arms of two series Josephson tunnel junctions each. Our approach employs Fourier engineering in the energy-phase relation of each arm and the position of the arms in real space. We demonstrate our method by engineering the energy-phase relation of a near-ideal superconducting diode, which we find to be robust against the imperfections in the design parameters. Finally, we show the versatility of our approach by designing various other energy-phase relations.
description: The link to online presentation recording is added
APG: an Active Protein-Gene Network Model to Quantify Regulatory Signals in Complex Biological Systems
Creators: name: Wang, Jiguang
name: Sun, Yidan
name: Zheng, Si
name: Zhang, Xiang-Sun
name: Zhou, Huarong
name: Chen, Luonan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biometry
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Synergistic interactions among transcription factors (TFs) and their cofactors collectively determine gene expression in complex biological systems. In this work, we develop a novel graphical model, called Active Protein-Gene (APG) network model, to quantify regulatory signals of transcription in complex biomolecular networks through integrating both TF upstream-regulation and downstream-regulation high-throughput data. Firstly, we theoretically and computationally demonstrate the effectiveness of APG by comparing with the traditional strategy based only on TF downstream-regulation information. We then apply this model to study spontaneous type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) and Wistar control rats. Our biological experiments validate the theoretical results. In particular, SP1 is found to be a hidden TF with changed regulatory activity, and the loss of SP1 activity contributes to the increased glucose production during diabetes development. APG model provides theoretical basis to quantitatively elucidate transcriptional regulation by modelling TF combinatorial interactions and exploiting multilevel high-throughput information.
title: Gamification of reporting figures: the benefit of accurate real time data
Creators: name: Wit, Huub
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Workforce
subject: Education and training
subject: Economics
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Education
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: RIS
subject: Management
subject: eHealth
subject: Computer applications
subject: Imaging Informatics

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Do regular information updates help colleagues plan and manage their reporting workload more...
Fluttering-induced flow in a closed chamber
Creators: name: Goncharuk, Kirill
name: Feldman, Yuri
name: Oshri, Oz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the emergence of fluid flow in a closed chamber that is driven by dynamical deformations of an elastic sheet. The sheet is compressed between the sidewalls of the chamber and partitions it into two separate parts, each of which is initially filled with an inviscid fluid. When fluid exchange is allowed between the two compartments of the chamber, the sheet becomes unstable, and its motion displaces the fluid from rest. We derive an analytical model that accounts for the coupled, two-way, fluid-sheet interaction. We show that the system depends on four dimensionless parameters: the normalized excess length of the sheet compared to the lateral dimension of the chamber, $Δ$; the normalized vertical dimension of the chamber; the normalized initial volume difference between the two parts of the chamber, $v_{\text{du}}(0)$; and the structure-to-fluid mass ratio, $λ$. We investigate the dynamics at the early times of the system's evolution and then at moderate times. We obtain the growth rates and the frequency of vibrations around the second and the first buckling modes, respectively. Analytical solutions are derived for these linear stability characteristics within the limit of the small-amplitude approximation. At moderate times, we investigate how the sheet escapes from the second mode. Given the chamber's dimensions, we show that the initial energy of the sheet is mostly converted into hydrodynamic energy of the fluid if $λ\ll 1$, and into kinetic energy of the sheet if $λ\gg 1$. In both cases most of the initial energy is released at time $ t_{\text{p}}\simeq \ln[c Δ^{1/2}/v_{\text{du}}(0)]/σ$, where $σ$ is the growth rate and $c$ is a constant.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures
The acculturation of international medical graduates to Canadian practice
Creators: name: Eyford, Helgi
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 171-205
description: Includes copy of ethics approval. Original copy with original Partial Copyright Licence.
description: This study explores the narratives of acculturation of ten international medical graduates (IMGs) from four different countries of origin who adapted to living and working in Canada. IMGs are a particularly interesting case of acculturation because medicine is a profession that demands a high degree of cultural competence and because it has a proscribed period of orientation in the form of post-graduate training or residency. This study asks the question how IMGs learn the implicit aspects of clinical practice. The semi-structured interviews of the IMGS were informed by acculturation psychology and transformative learning theory and guided by a model of cross-cultural learning suggested by Taylor (1994). Questions focused on how IMGs responded to cultural disequilibrium, what learning strategies they employed and how their identity changed. The conversations were recorded, transcribed and analyzed using a form of narrative inquiry. The narratives that emerged from the interviews suggest that cultural disequilibrium was diffuse and recursive, that the learning strategies were non-reflective and nondiscursive, and that individual identities evolved in a manner that suggests the archetypal hero's journey. The implications of these findings for the training of IMGs are explored and recommendations are made.
On the Carbon-to-Oxygen Ratio Measurement in Nearby Sunlike Stars: Implications for Planet Formation and the Determination of Stellar Abundances
Creators: name: Fortney, Jonathan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent high resolution spectroscopic analysis of nearby FGK stars suggests that a high C/O ratio of greater than 0.8, or even 1.0, is relatively common. Two published catalogs find C/O$>0.8$ in 25-30% of systems, and C/O$>1.0$ in $\sim$~6-10%. It has been suggested that in protoplanetary disks with C/O$>0.8$ that the condensation pathways to refractory solids will differ from what occurred in our solar system, where C/O$=0.55$. The carbon-rich disks are calculated to make carbon-dominated rocky planets, rather than oxygen-dominated ones. Here we suggest that the derived stellar C/O ratios are overestimated. One constraint on the frequency of high C/O is the relative paucity of carbon dwarfs stars ($10^{-3}-10^{-5}$) found in large samples of low mass stars. We suggest reasons for this overestimation, including a high C/O ratio for the solar atmosphere model used for differential abundance analysis, the treatment of a Ni blend that affects the O abundance, and limitations of one-dimensional LTE stellar atmosphere models. Furthermore, from the estimated errors on the measured stellar C/O ratios, we find that the significance of the high C/O tail is weakened, with a true measured fraction of C/O$>0.8$ in 10-15% of stars, and C/O$>1.0$ in 1-5%, although these are still likely overestimates. We suggest that infrared T-dwarf spectra could show how common high C/O is in the stellar neighborhood, as the chemistry and spectra of such objects would differ compared to those with solar-like abundances. While possible at C/O$>0.8$, we expect that carbon-dominated rocky planets are rarer than others have suggested.
description: Replaced to better match ApJ version
title: Everything Can Happen: Our Experience with Usual and Unusual Breast Implant Complications
Creators: name: Corona, Claudia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multicentre study
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Education and training
subject: Education
subject: Complications
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To recognize breast implant types, location and normal appereance in the different imaging modalities. 2. Identify post-surgical complications and...
The Scalability of Smoke Density and the Viability of New Detection Methods in Aircrafts
Creators: name: Chin, Selena K
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Engineering

description: Fire detection is a topic of interest in aircraft applications, specifically cargo compartments, given the unique operating environment and accessibility challenges in the event of a fire. The use of unit loading devices inside cargo compartments have also presented a delay in alarm challenge due to their enclosed nature. However, despite the importance of detection, there is yet to exist a standard testing and certification method for fire detection in cargo compartments. The current requirement for a cargo compartment detection system is that a fire has to be detected in 1 minute, and in that time be so small that the fire is not a significant hazard to the airplane. Nuisance alarms also plague the industry, with upwards of 90% of fire alarms being false warnings. These problems have been partially addressed through the analysis of smoke density and state of the art detection technology. Both flaming and smoldering fires were conducted using an array of materials such as heptane, polyurethane foam, shredded paper, wood chips, suitcase, baled cotton, and boiling water. The response of aspirating smoke detectors, dual wavelength technology, and gas detectors were analyzed. It was found that small scale tests replicate large scale behavior, leading to the suggestion that detection testing could happen outside of cargo compartments and results be appropriately scaled. The response of aspirating smoke detectors, dual wavelength technology, and gas detectors were all found to follow patterns similar to that of light obscuration measurements and were thus deemed viable options for use in cargo compartments. Carbon dioxide and the loss of oxygen were detected 100-600 seconds faster than visible smoke for smoldering polyurethane and smoldering cotton tests, suggesting an increase in gas concentration could be a precursor to visible smoke in certain situations. All new detection technologies were identified for their theoretical improvement in nuisance immunity. Gas detection was identified as the outstanding detection technology and recommended for use over photoelectric detection in cargo compartments.
Expansion of Electronic Health Record-Based Screening, Prevention, and Management of Diabetes in New York City
Creators: name: Albu, Jeanine B.
name: Sohler, Nancy
name: Matti-Orozco, Brenda M.
name: Sill, Jordan
name: Baxter, Daniel
name: Burke, Gary R.
name: Young, Edwin R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Medical records--Data processing
Diabetics--Medical care
Public health
Medicine
Health services administration
Medical care

description: To address the increasing burden of diabetes in New York City, we designed 2 electronic health records (EHRs)-facilitated diabetes management systems to be implemented in 6 primary care practices on the West Side of Manhattan, a standard system and an enhanced system. The standard system includes screening for diabetes. The enhanced system includes screening and ensures close patient follow-up; it applies principles of the chronic care model, including community–clinic linkages, to the management of patients newly diagnosed with diabetes and prediabetes through screening. We will stagger implementation of the enhanced system across the 6 clinics allowing comparison, through a quasi-experimental design (pre–post difference with a control group), of patients treated in the enhanced system with similar patients treated in the standard system. The findings could inform health system practices at multiple levels and influence the integration of community resources into routine diabetes care.
Reproductive behaviour and endocrinology in female white-faced capuchins (cebus capucinus)
Creators: name: Carnegie, Sarah Davina
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 143-157.
description: Includes a copy of Animal Protocol Certificate. Original with original copy of Partial Copyright Licence.
description: Includes a copy of Cpyright Permissions. Originals with original copy of Partial Copyright Licence.
title: Paediatric Volvulus: An In-depth And Multi-modality Analysis Of The Varied Radiological Presentations
Creators: name: Esmayil, Hiba
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Management
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Colon
subject: Anatomy
subject: Abdomen
subject: Paediatric
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Volvulus
subject: Retrospective
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The learning objectives of this educational poster are as follows: Identify common types and subtypes of volvulus presenting in children. Recognize the most common imaging findings of each type of...
The structure of the Doctrine of the Mean in diagrams
Creators: name: Shababo, Guy Shimon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study examines how Neo-Confucian scholars of the Chosŏn dynasty used diagrams, focusing on diagrams that depict the structure of the Doctrine of the Mean. Ever since it was extracted from the Record of Rites by Zhu Xi, the Doctrine of the Mean proved to be an important subject of scholarship. Debates about the division of the text were often related to other important issues at hand. Thus, the diagrams concerned with this problem can be seen as a nexus where various issues meet. This study provides detailed information of two particular diagrams: Kwŏn Kŭn’s late 14th century “Diagram of the Opening Section of Doctrine of the Mean,” and Yi Chin-sang’s late 19th century “Diagram of Four Branches and Six Sections of the Doctrine of the Mean.” With five centuries between them, the two diagrams are surprisingly similar, sharing both visual language and many pre-suppositions. However, a close comparison of the two can reveal their differences, and the advancements made in diagram-making during the Chosŏn dynasty. The common methodology used to analyze diagrams is to discuss the form and the content of the diagram, usually in the context of the attached text. In a similar way, the sorting of diagrams into categories is done according to their visual aspect and their topic. Useful as it may be, this form of analysis is limited when dealing with complicated diagrams. By using the philosophy of C.S. Peirce, this study attempts to show how a three-fold view of a diagram as a symbol, an object, and an interpretation, can lead to better understanding of the diagram and its function. Furthermore, by applying the Peircian typology, a new division of diagram emerges.
title: "Problems" in paediatric brain MR interpretation
Creators: name: Grigoryan, Marine
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Image verification
subject: Normal variants
subject: MR
subject: CNS
subject: Paediatric

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: 1.To recognize ''never mind'' lesions in paediatric brain MR 2.To understand what are normal variants and incidentalomas 3. To recognize theradiological features that correspond to each normal variantand incidentaloma 4. To understand when do we...
Derived invariants of irregular varieties and Hochschild homology
Creators: name: Lombardi, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the behavior of cohomological support loci of the canonical bundle under derived equivalence of smooth projective varieties. This is achieved by investigating the derived invariance of a generalized version of Hochschild homology. Furthermore, using techniques coming from birational geometry, we establish the derived invariance of the Albanese dimension for varieties having non-negative Kodaira dimension. We apply our machinery to study the derived invariance of the holomorphic Euler characteristic and of certain Hodge numbers for special classes of varieties. Further applications concern the behavior of particular types of fibrations under derived equivalence.
description: Small fixes and substantial expository improvements. 22 pages
title: Аутентификация лекарственных растений мультиспектральным анализом
Creators: name: Каддоур, А.АИТ
name: Сафаров, Ж.Э.
name: Султанова, Ш.А.
Publisher: name: Tashkent State Technical University Named after Islam Karimov
Year: 2019

description: Рассматриваются результаты исследования, касающиеся способности мультиспектрального анализа к аутентификации высушенных лекарственных трав Узбекистана. Перед получением многоспектрального изображения различные лекарственные растения (трава цветного орегано (herba origani tytthianthi) и пастушья сумка (capsella bursa-pastoris) были подвергнуты различным условиям сушки, чтобы увеличить изменчивость базы данных растений и воспроизвести условия. Эксперименты по сушке проводились в лаборатории Ташкентского государственного технического университета. После сушки изображения собирали с помощью девятнадцати светоизлучающих диодов (от 405 до 1050 нм) с использованием устройства Videometer Lab2. Кубы изображения были обработаны, чтобы извлечь средние спектры изображения. Результаты частичного дискриминантного анализа методом наименьших квадратов (PLSDA) после перекрестной проверки, выполненной на спектральных данных, показывают 100% правильную классификацию независимо от лекарственного растения. PLSDA дал 100% правильной классификации. Эти результаты показали, что мультиспектральная система визуализации может аутентифицировать лекарственные растения независимо от процесса их сушки, вероятно, благодаря определенному составу входящих элементов.
Contributions to Indian Economic Analysis: A Survey
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
name: Sukhamoy, Chakravarty
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1969
Subjects: Economics

description: Any survey of contributions to economic analysis in India, even though confined to the post-war years and to issues arising from domestic economic events and policy, runs into exceptional difficulties. Not only has practically every conceivable problem been raised and discussed by economists, in a country where interest in economic issues dates back at least to the latter half of the 19th century but there have also been numerous committees and commissions. The Survey does not extend to the growing number of contributions to general theoretical economic analysis that Indian economists have begun to make, as is evident from the contents of reputed journals in the last decade. This Survey, therefore, is neither a comprehensive account of the state of economic research in the country nor does it pretend to give an exhaustive picture of the policy issues that have been discussed on the Indian scene since 1947 when India gained independence. The Survey is broadly divided into three areas i.e. planning theory and techniques, agriculture and foreign trade. The vast majority of India's policy issues and analytical literature, fall within one or more of these categories. Because agriculture is the overwhelmingly important economic activity in the economy and its capacity to act as a significant brake on growth via its role as the supplier of wage goods to other sectors has been increasingly appreciated, this sector has also attracted considerable economic analysis.
Catastrogenesis with unstable ALPs as the origin of the NANOGrav 15 yr gravitational wave signal
Creators: name: Gelmini, Graciela B.
name: Hyman, Jonah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In post-inflation axion-like particle (ALP) models, a stable domain wall network forms if the model's potential has multiple minima. This system must annihilate before dominating the Universe's energy density, producing ALPs and gravitational waves (a process we dub "catastrogenesis," or "creation via annihilation"). We examine the possibility that the gravitational wave background recently reported by NANOGrav is due to catastrogenesis. For the case of ALP decay into two photons, we identify the region of ALP mass and coupling, just outside current limits, compatible with the NANOGrav signal.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures; additional bound in Figure 1, minor corrections and clarifications in the text, and added references. Matches published version
Mapping the Arnold web with a GPU-supercomputer
Creators: name: Seibert, A.
name: Denisov, S.
name: Ponomarev, A. V.
name: Hänggi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Arnold diffusion constitutes a dynamical phenomenon which may occur in the phase space of a non-integrable Hamiltonian system whenever the number of the system degrees of freedom is $M \geq 3$. The diffusion is mediated by a web-like structure of resonance channels, which penetrates the phase space and allows the system to explore the whole energy shell. The Arnold diffusion is a slow process; consequently the mapping of the web presents a very time-consuming task. We demonstrate that the exploration of the Arnold web by use of a graphic processing unit (GPU)-supercomputer can result in distinct speedups of two orders of magnitude as compared to standard CPU-based simulations.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, a video supplementary provided at http://www.physik.uni-augsburg.de/~seiberar/arnold/Energy15_HD_frontNback.avi
Foveated Rendering Techniques in Modern Computer Graphics
Creators: name: Meng, Xiaoxu
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer science

description: Foveated rendering coupled with eye-tracking has the potential to dramatically accelerate interactive 3D graphics with minimal loss of perceptual detail. I have developed a new foveated rendering technique: Kernel Foveated Rendering (KFR), which parameterizes foveated rendering by embedding polynomial kernel functions in log-polar mapping. This GPU-driven technique uses parameterized foveation that mimics the distribution of photoreceptors in the human retina. I present a two-pass kernel foveated rendering pipeline that maps well onto modern GPUs. In the first pass, I compute the kernel log-polar transformation and render to a reduced-resolution buffer. In the second pass, I have carried out the inverse-log-polar transformation with anti-aliasing to map the reduced-resolution rendering to the full-resolution screen. I carry out user studies to empirically identify the KFR parameters and observe a 2.8X-3.2X speedup in rendering on 4K displays. The eye-tracking-guided kernel foveated rendering can resolve the mutually conflicting goals of interactive rendering and perceptual realism.
Probing topology in nonlinear topological materials using numerical $K$-theory
Creators: name: Wong, Stephan
name: Loring, Terry A.
name: Cerjan, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear topological insulators have garnered substantial recent attention as they have both enabled the discovery of new physics due to interparticle interactions, and may have applications in photonic devices such as topological lasers and frequency combs. However, due to the local nature of nonlinearities, previous attempts to classify the topology of nonlinear systems have required significant approximations that must be tailored to individual systems. Here, we develop a general framework for classifying the topology of nonlinear materials in any discrete symmetry class and any physical dimension. Our approach is rooted in a numerical $K$-theoretic method called the spectral localizer, which leverages a real-space perspective of a system to define local topological markers and a local measure of topological protection. Our nonlinear spectral localizer framework yields a quantitative definition of topologically non-trivial nonlinear modes that are distinguished by the appearance of a topological interface surrounding the mode. Moreover, we show how the nonlinear spectral localizer can be used to understand a system's topological dynamics, i.e., the time-evolution of nonlinearly induced topological domains within a system. We anticipate that this framework will enable the discovery and development of novel topological systems across a broad range of nonlinear materials.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
title: Paediatric Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumour: A Case Series
Creators: name: Yeomans, James Declan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Removal
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Paediatric
subject: Oncology
subject: Paediatric

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Provide an overview of paediatric inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT). Highlight the radiological features of paediatric IMT at five different anatomical locations. Discuss the challenges of diagnosis and treatment of paediatric...
Dynamics of null particles and shadow for general rotating black hole
Creators: name: Meng, Kun
name: Fan, Xi-Long
name: Li, Song
name: Han, Wen-Biao
name: Zhang, Hongsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Johannsen black hole (BH) is a generic rotating BH admitting three constants of motions (energy, angular momentum, and Carter constant) and is characterized by four deviation parameters besides mass and spin, which could be a model-independent probe of the no-hair theorem. We systematically study the dynamics of null particles around Johannsen BH, revealing the effects of the deviation parameters on the BH shadow as well as the effects of spin. By using the shadow boundaries of M87* and SgrA*, for the first time, the deviation parameters of those BHs are constrained. The detailed results depend on the spin $a$ and inclination angle $ θ_0$. Assuming $a=0.2$ and $θ_0=15^{\circ}$, the deviation parameter $α_{13}$ are constained within $\sim $ [-3.5, 6] for M87* observation and [-3, 0.5] for SgrA* observation. We also show the images of a Johannsen BH surrounded by a Page-Thorne thin accretion disk observed by a remote observer with a ray-tracing method and discuss the effects of the deviation parameters on deforming the accretion disk image, which could be tested by observations with higher sensitivities in the future.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
On continuum driven winds from rotating stars
Creators: name: Shacham, Tomer
name: Shaviv, Nir J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of continuum driven winds from rotating stars, and develop an approximate analytical model. We then discuss the evolution of stellar angular momentum, and show that just above the Eddington limit, the winds are sufficiently concentrated towards the poles to spin up the star. A twin-lobe structure of the ejected nebula is seen to be a generic consequence of critical rotation. We find that if the pressure in such stars is sufficiently dominated by radiation, an equatorial ejection of mass will occur during eruptions. These results are then applied to η-Carinae. We show that if it began its life with a high enough angular momentum, the present day wind could have driven the star towards critical rotation, if it is the dominant mode of mass loss. We find that the shape and size of the Homunculus nebula, as given by our model, agree with recent observations. Moreover, the contraction expected due to the sudden increase in luminosity at the onset of the Great Eruption explains the equatorial "skirt" as well.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Foreign Trade
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
name: Sukhamoy, Chakravarty
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1969
Subjects: Economics

description: The Indian policy literature with respect to the foreign sector has been concerned primarily with issues raised by foreign aid, private foreign investment, trade and exchange rate policies. The political counterpart to such economic analysis has been the appealing notion of ultimate self-reliance; its conflict with the view that foreign aid must continue as long as the income gap between the affluent and the underdeveloped countries is not drastically reduced has not been noticed. Many economists have attributed the prevalence of excess industrial capacity since the Second Plan. India was excessively tied to projects and thus led to creation of more capacity even when the existing capacity was not fully utilized. Although private foreign investment in India, whether gross or net of the outflow of the pre-Independence British investments, has been relatively unimportant in relation to the official capital transfers, it has attracted considerable attention from the economists. Some important factors in the Indian context have made governmental restrictions on the entry of foreign capital into specific areas necessary. The Indian trade regime has worked on the principle of automatic grant of protection to domestic industries, combined with restrictions on domestic entry operated through industrial licensing, monopoly rents accrue to investments in several activities. Hence, there exists a second best case for regulating entry into areas where the monopoly rents are likely to make the returns to foreign capital exceed its social marginal product.
title: Изучение биотехнологических изменений мясного сырья во время посола
Creators: name: Баль-Прилипко, Л.В.
name: Леоновa, Б.И.
name: Рябовол, М.В.
Publisher: name: Tashkent State Technical University Named after Islam Karimov
Year: 2019

description: Предстaвлены результaты комплексных исследований, направленных на применение биотехнологических приемов в процессе посола мясного сырья, изучения их влияния на микробиологическую стабильность готового продукта, формирование необходимых свойств и создания эффективного «барьера» для патогенной микрофлоры. Приведенные результаты исследований свидетельствуют о положительных последствиях введения в мясное сырье бакпрепаратов при посоле мяса. Установлено, что применение бактериальных препаратов в производстве различных видов колбасных изделий – современный и актуальный биотехнологический прием.
Bilinear factorization of algebras
Creators: name: Böhm, Gabriella
name: Gómez-Torrecillas, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the (so-called bilinear) factorization problem answered by a weak wreath product (of monads and, more specifically, of algebras over a commutative ring) in the works by Street and by Caenepeel and De Groot. A bilinear factorization of a monad R turns out to be given by monad morphisms A --> R R. We prove a biequivalence between the bicategory of weak distributive laws and an appropriately defined bicategory of bilinear factorization structures. As an illustration of the theory, we collect some examples of algebras over commutative rings which admit a bilinear factorization; i.e. which arise as weak wreath products.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX source
title: Mentoring improves (PETCT) reporting accuracy
Creators: name: Ferreira, Mark
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Professional Issues
subject: Professional issues
subject: PET
subject: PET-CT
subject: Observer performance
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Workforce
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Multicentre study

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Error rates among radiology trainees/mentees are unavoidable and reduce as training advances; little work has been done examining the effect on mentor/trainer error rates while teaching, except to perhaps highlight potential pitfalls - so this paper...
Machine Learning Emulators for First-Principles Simulations of Quantum Materials
Creators: name: Wasmer, Johannes
name: Rüssmann, Philipp
name: Assent, Ira
name: Blügel, Stefan
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023
Subjects: density functional theory
machine learning
quantum materials
topological insulators
scientific workflows
AiiDA
magnetism
materials database
material defects

description: HDS-LEE internal event, Jülich, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, 13 Feb 2023 - 15 Feb 2023; doi:10.5281/ZENODO.10441576
description: Poster about Johannes Wasmer's PhD project, presented at the HDS-LEE Midterm Evaluation in February 2023.