cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Study to Compare the Efficacy of Three Oxytetracycline Regimens for the Treatment of Anaplasma Marginale Carrier Status in Beef Cattle
Creators: name: Coetzee, J. F.
name: Apley, M. D.
name: Kocan, K. M.
name: Knowles, D. P.
name: Donkersgoed, J. V.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2004

description: Anaplasmosis is a blood-borne disease of cattle and other ruminants caused by Anaplasma marginale. Animals recovering from clinical anaplasmosis and those treated with therapeutic doses of oxytetracycline remain persistently infected with microscopically undetectable levels of the organism. These animals serve as reservoirs of the disease which can be spread mechanically or through arthropod vectors. Tetracyclines are the only compounds approved for treatment of acute anaplasmosis infections in the United States; however no compounds are approved for eliminating the carrier state. This has contributed to the restricted movement of cattle from endemic areas of the US to anaplasmosis-free territories such as Canada. Anaplasmosis is estimated to cost the US cattle industry $100 million per year, with some estimating the cost of resticted trade to be near $300 million annually. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of three oxytetracycline treatment regimens on eliminating Anaplasma marginale infection from carrier beef steers.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2004
Impacts Of The Uruguay Round On The European Union'S Sugar Market
Creators: name: Kropf, Jurgen
name: Devadoss, Stephen
name: Kropf, Jurgen
name: Devadoss, Stephen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: competition
subject: trade
subject: Includes individual crops/industries
subject: Impact analysis

description: Analysis of the impacts of the policy provisions of the Uruguay Round on the European Union's Sugar Market reveals that these policies will reinforce the effects of 1992 Common Agricultural Policy reforms by weakening the link between subsidies and production. Specifically, subsidized production of quota A and B sugar will show small decline and unsubsidized production of quota C, which receives the world price, will increase. The decline in EU's sugar exports will be less than the EU's commitment of reducing subsidized exports by 340,000 MT because increase in unsubsidized exports from quota C production is expected to compensate the decline in subsidized exports.
Efficiency of Converting Nutrient Dry Matter to Milk in Holstein Herds
Creators: name: Britt, J. S.
name: Thomas, R. C.
name: Speer, N. C.
name: Hall, M. B.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2004

description: Production of milk from feed dry matter intake (DMI), called dairy or feed efficiency, is not commonly measured in dairy herds as is feed conversion to weight gain in swine, beef and poultry; however, it has relevance to conversion of purchased input to saleable product and proportion of dietary nutrients excreted. The purpose of this study was to identify some readily measured factors that affect dairy efficiency.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2004
Additional file 1 of Expanding a peptide-covalent probe hybrid for PET imaging of S. aureus driven focal infections
Creators: name: Bhatt Mitra, Jyotsna
name: Chatterjee, Saurav
name: Kumar, Anuj
name: Khatoon, Elina
name: Chandak, Ashok
name: Rakshit, Sutapa
name: Bandyopadhyay, Anupam
name: Mukherjee, Archana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Data pertaining to the synthesis of a peptide-covalent probe, its purification via HPLC, and subsequent characterization using NMR and Mass spectrometry techniques.
Sore Feet, Sour Rumens, Clinical Quandaries
Creators: name: Nordlund, Ken
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2000

description: Clinical investigations of herds with a high prevalence of laminitis are complex. Laminitis has a multifactorial etiology. Visible signs of laminitis sometimes appear weeks or months after the inciting events. Once developed, some of the clinical signs of laminitis can remain with the cow throughout her lifetime.14 Ruminal acidosis is considered to be one of the primary causes of laminitis. The use of rumenocentesis as a diagnostic test by veterinarians has served to increase awareness of ruminal acidosis and has given them an ability to rule rumen acidosis "in-or-out" as a risk factor in a laminitis investigation. For this program, I was asked to present the clinical picture of laminitis and ruminal acidosis based upon the many investigations by the Food Animal Production Medicine group at the University of Wisconsin. Because of the nature of the request, this paper will be a clinician's report including findings, observations, and opinions.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2000
Long and short noncoding RNAs in the control of cancer stem cell traits
Creators: name: De Giorgio, Alexander James Robert
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are now viewed as integral components of gene expression networks in human cells, including cancerous ones. Investigating the precise roles they play in varied cellular contexts has become a separate field within cancer research. In pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC), TGFβ signalling induces EMT and stemness, yet the involvement of specific ncRNAs remains unknown. We identified two miRNAs, miR-100 and -125b, to be substantially elevated following TGFβ stimulation, noting that they derive from the same primary transcript. Modulating levels of miR-100 and -125b decreases migration and pancsphere formation. Unexpectedly, miR-100 and -125b appear to use different rules of miRNA-target base pairing, with an enrichment of non-canonical miR-100 seed matches occurring in the CDS. Clinically, both miR-100 and -125b were elevated in a large PDAC dataset compared to normal tissue, with high expression associated with lower patient survival. In stark contrast to the persistently poor prognosis for PDAC patients, breast cancer survival has improved markedly. Lethal properties of this disease, such as chemoresistance and metastasis, have been linked to insufficiently characterised minority breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) populations that may survive available treatments to regenerate tumours, and can be migratory and invasive. Whether ncRNAs play prominent roles in BCSC generation and behaviour is also largely unresolved. Generating mammospheres to enrich for BCSCs, we found several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) to be differentially expressed compared to adherent cells. Silencing three of these lncRNAs produced significant impacts on mammsphere formation efficiency. We focused on Candidate 1, strongly upregulated in mammospheres, yet unexpectedly increasing mammsphere formation when silenced. Candidate 1 was chromatin-associated, correlated with chromatin-regulators in TCGA data, and positively associated with survival. Candidate 1 silencing produced marked transcriptomic changes when silenced, and bound strongly to the polyfunctional protein HNRNP L, enabling us to speculate as to its potential mechanism of action.
Human-Cow Interactions
Creators: name: Grandin, Temple
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2000

description: W.D. Hoard, founder of Hoard's Dairyman, wrote over a 100 years ago that people working with dairy cows should have patience and kindness, and that rough treatment decreases the flow of milk. People who enjoy working with animals will have more productive animals.7 Jack Albright, Professor Emeritus at Purdue University, stated years ago that tame dairy cows that will approach people will give more milk. People have known for a long time that rough handling and stress is detrimental to dairy cattle, but some people have forgotten W.D. Hoard's wisdom. In fact the highest producing dairy in Colorado milks only twice a day, uses no growth hormone and has tame cows that will approach people. Researchers have used statistical methods to determine the powerful negative effects of rough handling.14 Shocking or hitting a cow can reduce milk yield by 10%. Paul Hemsworth in Australia has found that cows that are fearful of people are less productive. Fear of people was measured on 14 dairy farms by measuring how close the cows would approach people. On dairies where cows had a large flight zone, there was significantly less milk production.6 Cows that avoided people and became restless when a person was nearby had lower milk production. Observation at a large dairy indicated that tame cows in a special research unit gave more milk. Breuer et al. (1997) found that dairy heifers that were slapped repeatedly before and after milking had reduced milk yield. Seabrook also demonstrated the beneficial effects of gentle treatment.16 Dairy cows that were slapped gave 13% less milk than cows that were gently stroked. People need to talk quietly to cattle. Yelling and whistling increased a cow's heartrate more than the sound of a gate slamming.17 Hemsworth and Coleman (1998) have authored an excellent book which outlines all the studies showing the beneficial effects of good stockmanship on farm animal productivity.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2000
Neospora caninum Seroprevalence in Iowa Feedlots and its Association with Morbidity, Mortality, Production Parameters and Carcass Traits
Creators: name: Schmidt, P. L.
name: O'Connor, A. M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2004

description: Since first recognized in 1984 and described as a cause of bovine abortion in 1989, N. caninum has emerged as a leading cause of abortion in cattle worldwide. Traditionally, the economic impact of Neospora infection on beef productivity has been thought to be limited to the costs of abortion and increased culling. However, recent studies of Texas-based feedlot cattle described an association between the presence of N. caninum antibodies and reduced average daily gain, live body weight and hot carcass weight at slaughter. Seropositive feedlot steers, while exhibiting similar morbidity and mortality rates as seronegative steers, also demonstrated higher treatment costs if sick compared to seronegative sick calves. The purpose of this study was to test the null hypothesis that N. caninum seropositive Iowa feedlot cattle had similar morbidity rates, mortality rates, treatment costs, production parameters and carcass traits compared to seronegative cohorts. We also examined the hypothesis that the occurrence of chronic disease was equal between Neospora caninum serologically positive and negative animals.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2004
Prevention of Neonatal Calf Diarrhea with the Sandhills Calving System
Creators: name: Smith, D. R.
name: Grotelueschen, D. M.
name: Knott, T.
name: Ensley, S.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2004

description: Neonatal diarrhea remains an important cause of illness and death of beef calves. Costs of the disease include loss of performance, mortality and the expense of medication and labor to treat sick calves. In addition, cattle producers often become disheartened after investing long hours to treat scouring calves during an already exhausting calving season. Our objective was to design and test calving systems that would reduce morbidity and mortality due to neonatal calf diarrhea.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2004
Efficacy of a Fusobacterium necrophorum-Arcanobacterium pyogenes Bacterin-Toxoid as an Aid in the Prevention of Liver Abscesses in Cattle
Creators: name: Jones, G.
name: Jayappa, H.
name: Hunsaker, B.
name: Sweeney, D.
name: Rapp-Gabrielson, V.
name: Wasmoen, T.
name: Nagaraja, T. G.
name: Swingle, S.
name: Branine, M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2004

description: Condemnation of bovine livers because of liver abscesses causes a substantial economic loss to meat packers. Fusobacterium necrophorum and Arcano-bacterium pyogenes are believed to act synergistically to cause liver abscesses in cattle on high energy diets. A leukotoxin and a hemolysin have been shown to be important virulence factors of F. necrophorum and A pyogenes, respectively. The lysis of neutrophils and macrophages by the leukotoxin is thought to lead to the release of reactive oxygen radicals and cytolytic enzymes that damage the hepatic cells. The studies reported herein were done to test the efficacy of single-dose, bivalent F. necrophorum-A. pyogenes bacterin-toxoid to aid in the reduction of liver abscess incidence and severity under field conditions and natural challenge.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2004
BioGraphI FMN Notes Template (w/ Agenda) - Google Docs
Creators: name: Yang, Suann
name: Pigg, Rachel
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2025

description: This document contains a template for taking notes during meetings of the Biologist and Graph Interpretation (BioGraphI) Network’s semester-long Faculty Mentoring Network (FMN). These notes are used by FMN participants to record summaries of meeting discussions.
Tetramorium paraarmatum Radchenko & Dlussky 2015, sp. n.
Creators: name: Radchenko, A. G.
name: Dlussky, G. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Tetramorium
Tetramorium paraarmatum

description: Tetramorium paraarmatum sp. n. Tetramorium sp. n.: Kosmowska-Ceranowicz, 2001: 59. Tetramorium sp. A: Dlussky, Rasnitsyn, 2009: 1032. Materialexamined: queen (dealate), holotype, No 15440, Muzeum Ziemi PAN, Baltic Amber, Gdansk-Stogi, Poland. E t y m o l o g y. From the Greek prefix “ para ” — beside, near, and the species name Tetramorium armatum Santschi, 1927, to what described species resembles. Q u e e n (fig. 1, 2). Head longer than broad (HL/HW 1.20), with subparallel sides, straight occipital margin and rounded occipital corners. Lateral portions of clypeus raised in both sides into a sharp shield-like ridge in front of antennal insertions, so that antennal sockets separated from the clypeal surface. Eyes well developed, of moderate size. Anterior clypeal margin convex, with shallow medial notch. Antenna 12-segmented, with 3-segment-ed apical club, scape short, far not reaching occipital margin (SL/HL 0.58, SL/HW 0.69). Mesosoma quite long and narrow (SCL/SCW 3.23), flattened, pronotum does not overlapped by scutum, its anterior and lateral parts visible from above. Propodeum with relatively long, blunt, subparallel and directed backward spines (ESL/HW 0.17, ESD/ESL 1.27). Petiole relatively long and narrow (PL/PW 1.71), with not very long peduncle, its node apparently cuneiform. Postpetiole broader than length, but not strongly widened (PPL/PPW 0.67). Hind tibia with one simple spur (second, smaller spur, is invisible). Head dorsum smooth, only gena, frontal lobes and lower part of frons laterally with fine longitudinal striation. Scutum and scutellum smooth, pronotum and dorsal surface of propodeum with fine transversal striation. Head margins with quite abundant, not too long suberect hairs; mesosoma with similar hairs, waist, and especially gaster, with more abundant, longer hairs. Legs with short subdecumbent hairs (only partly visible). Total length ca 3.5 mm. Measurements (in mm): HL 0.66, HW 0.55, SL 0.38, ML 0.85, PL 0.24, PW 0.14, PPL 0.14, PPW 0.21, HTL 0.35, ESL 0.11, ESD 0.14, ScW 0.13, ScL 0.42. Workers and males unknown.
description: Published as part of Radchenko, A. G. & Dlussky, G. M., 2015, First Record Of Fossil Species Of The Genus Tetramorium (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), pp. 311-316 in Vestnik Zoologii 49 (4) on pages 312-313, DOI: 10.1515/vzoo-2015-0033, http://zenodo.org/record/6452478
description: {"references": ["Kosmowska-Ceranowicz, B., ed. 2001. The amber treasure trove. Part I. In: The Tadeusz Giecewicz's collection at the Museum of the Earth. Polish Academy of Science. Sadyba, Warsaw, 1 - 97.", "Dlussky, G. M., Rasnitsyn, A. P. 2009. Ants (Insecta: Vespida: Formicidae) in the Upper Eocene Amber of Central and Eastern Europe. Paleontological Journal, 43 (9), 1024 - 1042 [In Russian]."]}
Additional file 1 of Dietary patterns and severity of symptom with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its histological precursor lesions in China: a multicenter cross-sectional latent class analysis
Creators: name: Zang, Zhaoping
name: Liu, Yong
name: Wang, Jialin
name: Liu, Yuqin
name: Zhang, Shaokai
name: Zhang, Yongzhen
name: Zhang, Liwei
name: Zhao, Deli
name: Liu, Fugang
name: Chao, Lina
name: Wang, Xinzheng
name: Zhang, Chunli
name: Song, Guohui
name: Zhang, Zhiyi
name: Li, Youpeng
name: Yan, Zheng
name: Wen, Yongxiu
name: Ge, Yinyin
name: Niu, Chen
name: Feng, Wei
name: Nakyeyune, Rena
name: Shen, Yi
name: Shao, Yi
name: Guo, Xiuhua
name: Yang, Aiming
name: Liu, Fen
name: Wang, Guiqi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Probabilities of consumption for selected food items by dietary patterns derived from LCA for normal control and esophagitis. Supplementary Table 2. Probabilities of consumption for selected food items by dietary patterns derived from LCA for normal control and LGIN. Supplementary Table 3. Probabilities of consumption for selected food items by dietary patterns derived from LCA for normal control and HGIN&ESCC. Supplementary Table 4. Probabilities for selected symptom items by severity of symptom derived from LCA for normal control and esophagitis. Supplementary Table 5. Probabilities for selected symptom items by severity of symptom derived from LCA for normal control and LGIN. Supplementary Table 6. Probabilities for selected symptom items by severity of symptom derived from LCA for normal control and HGIN&ESCC.
Narrative review: Food packaging using nanotechnology in fruits and vegetables
Creators: name: Sanjana Goyal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: nanotechnology, nanocoating, fruits and vegetables, food preservation, shelf life, nanoencapsulation

description: Food, horticulture, agriculture, and food science are among the industries that are using nanotechnology more and more to preserve fruits and vegetables. Cost and inadequate shelf-life improvement are two disadvantages of conventional approaches. By extending these products' shelf lives, nanotechnology can reduce manufacturing and post-harvest losses. Because of their special properties, nanoparticles are important in food packaging and storage as they improve food quality and lower the rates at which oxygen, water vapour, and relative humidity are transmitted.
Health-related quality of life and cardiovascular biomechanics following proximal aortic intervention
Creators: name: Jarral, Omar Ali
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: The measurement of healthcare outcomes is now a routine part of everyday medical practice. Although it originated in the 1850s through pioneers such as Florence Nightingale and Ernest Armory Codman, the main period of progression has been seen over the last twenty years. The most significant changes have involved large scale collection of simple mortality and morbidity data, through which quality improvement programmes have enabled major improvements in outcomes for most medical and surgical specialties. In the 21st century, there is demand for similar improvements to continue, which has proven challenging. In an attempt to satisfy this demand, a number of groups are promoting the routine use of more advanced widespread outcome measures for different disease states. In order to create frameworks for such outcome measures, evidence for the specific measures which are of benefit, are required for each disease state. In this thesis, I explored the feasibility of three emerging outcome measures in a cohort of patients with proximal aortic disease: 1) measurement of longitudinal health-related quality of life, 2) measurement of physical activity and sleep with wrist-worn biosensors, and 3) assessment of flow patterns in the thoracic aorta using magnetic resonance imaging and computational fluid dynamics. In each of these areas, a prospective study was performed to assess the performance of these measures. In summary, there were three key findings from this work. Firstly, longitudinal measurement of health-related quality of life is not only feasible, but it provides significantly more value than morbidity data alone. Policy makers should seriously consider collecting such data longitudinally on a national basis to help better discriminate quality. Secondly, measurement of wrist-worn physical activity data has the potential to predict complications and could act as a surrogate for health-related quality of life, which is sometimes challenging to collect. Policy makers should also consider collecting such data at a national level. Lastly, computational fluid dynamics assessment of the thoracic aorta is an exceptionally powerful tool to assess abnormal blood flow patterns. Whilst further work is required, it is close to being mature enough for use in everyday clinical practice, where it may support the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of patients with thoracic aortic disease.
Evidence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Persistent Infection in Two White-Tail Deer in Southeastern South Dakota
Creators: name: Chase, C. C. L.
name: Braun, L. J.
name: Leslie-Steen, P.
name: Graham, T.
name: Miskimins, D.
name: Ridpath, J. F.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2004

description: The role of wildlife reservoirs continues to be a major unknown in the epidemiology of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Serological data indicates that a wide range of wild ruminants have BVDV antibodies. BVDV has been isolated from a mule deer in Wyoming. In this report we examine the gross, histological and virological findings of two isolations of BVDV in whitetail deer in southeastern South Dakota in areas with concentrations of feedlot, dairy and cow-calf operations.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2004
Additional file 1 of Implementing mind mapping in small-group learning to promote student engagement in the medical diagnostic curriculum: a pilot study
Creators: name: He, Jieyu
name: Wu, Bei
name: Zhong, Haiying
name: Zhan, Junkun
name: Zhu, Lanyan
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Zeng, Yi
name: Li, Zhihong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Investigation of the Role of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Undifferentiated Fever of Feedlot Cattle
Creators: name: Guichon, P. T.
name: Haines, D.
name: Campos, M.
name: Booker, C. W.
name: Kim, G. K.
name: Schunicht, O. C.
name: Wildman, B. K.
name: Pittman, T. J.
name: Fenton, R. K.
name: Janzen, E. D.
name: Ellis, J. A.
name: Appleyard, G.
name: West, K.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2004

description: The undifferentiated fever (UF)/bovine respiratory disease (BRD) complex continues to be the single most important infectious disease entity in beef feedlot production. Current management practices have focused on successfully managing this disease complex through the use of prophylactic and therapeutic antimicrobial strategies. However, there are substantial amounts of concrete and circumstantial epidemiologic, pathologic, serologic and immunologic evidence of an association between bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and the UF/ BRD complex. Unfortunately, there are limited data that describe how the transmission of BVDV in the feedlot occurs and how this transmission leads to the development of UF/BRD. The purpose of the proposed project is to improve our understanding of the role that BVDV plays in the pathogenesis of pen-level UF/BRD, through the development/refinement of diagnostic tests for identifying and differentiating animals with BVDV, so that appropriate management intervention strategies can be developed to reduce BVDV transmission/infection in commercial feedlot production. In the first phase of the study, population-based, morbidity-based and mortality-based BVDV testing surveys will be conducted in a population of 40 pens (approximately 12,000 animals) of auction-market derived feedlot calves, housed in four commercial feedlots. The results of the BVDV testing surveys, in conjunction with the individual-animal based computerized health records collected at the feedlot, will be used to describe BVDV transmission/infection in pens of commercial feedlot animals.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2004
Islandora 8 RDM Lifecycle
Creators: name: Moses, Donald
name: O'Neill, Alexander Patrick
name: Le Faive, Rosie
name: Stanley, Alan
name: MacIntyre, Noella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: national data services
research data management
canada
digital research infrastructure

description: Update on the software development project funded by CANARIE, RDM-085.
Prevention of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Persistent Infection after a Heterologous Type 1 or Type 2 Challenge in Animals Vaccinated with a Combination Modified Live Virus Vaccine Containing Bivalent BVDV
Creators: name: Fogarty-Fairbanks, K. K.
name: Rinehart, C. L.
name: Ohnesorge, W. C.
name: Loughin, M. M.
name: Chase, C. C. L.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2004

description: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections in cattle result in a broad spectrum of clinical syndromes ranging from asymptomatic infections to peracute hemorrhagic disease with high mortality. Acute BVDV infection causes respiratory, gastrointestinal and/or reproductive disease that results in a febrile response along with leukopenia. Due to BVDV shedding, persistently infected (PI) animals are a long term threat to herdmates, and may develop mucosal disease resulting in the death of the animal. Acute BVDV infection of pregnant cattle with either cytopathic (CP) or noncytopathic (NCP) BVDV can result in a variety of fetal syndromes, depending on the virulence of the strain and age of the fetus. In early gestation, BVDV infection can result in early embryonic death and fetal absorption. Between 40-125 days of gestation, infection with NCP BVDV can result in PI calves that shed NCP BVDV for their entire lives. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a commercial MLV combination vaccine containing bivalent BVDV diluted to contain minimum protective levels of BVDV type 1 and 2 in providing fetal protection against a heterologous challenge with type 1 or type 2 BVDV. Two groups of animals were vaccinated with a single dose of the commercial vaccine. Protection against persistent infection of the fetus was measured following challenge.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2004
Rapid Detection of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus using a Conductometric Biosensor
Creators: name: Grooms, D. L.
name: Muhamammad-Tahir, Z.
name: Alocilja, E. C.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2004

description: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the most important viral pathogens of cattle worldwide. A key to controlling BVDV is identifying and eliminating carriers of the virus, better known as cattle persistently infected (PI) with BVDV. PI's shed large amounts of virus and serve as the major source of virus transmission within and between farms. Several laboratory methods are currently available to detect PI's including virus isolation, antigen capture ELISA's, skin immunohistochemistry/fluorescent antibody and PCR. The development of a rapid and cost effective field based system to detect PI's would be beneficial for more practical implementation of BVDV control strategies. In this study, a conductometric biosensor previously developed for use in detecting foodborne pathogens was adapted to detect BVDV in cell culture media and blood. The architecture of this biosensor allows for rapid field based applications.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2004
Additional file 1 of Spousal collaboration mediates the relation between self-rated health and depressive symptoms of Chinese older couples: an actor-partner interdependence approach
Creators: name: Liu, Huiying
name: Zhou, Xinyi
name: Zhang, Mi
name: Chen, Bixia
name: Du, Jiayuan
name: Lou, Vivian Weiqun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Neuroscience
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Clinical Aspects of Ruminal Acidosis in Dairy Cattle
Creators: name: Oetzel, Garrett R.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2000

description: Acute and subacute ruminal acidosis are well recognized as important diseases in beef feedlots.6,14,32,37 Acute ruminal acidosis has been long recognized in dairy cattle, although deaths due to acute ruminal acidosis are apparently less frequent in dairy cattle than in beef feedlot cattle. 35 Only recently has subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) been described for dairy cattle.26 Although dairy cattle are typically fed diets higher in forage and fiber compared to beef feedlot cattle, total consumption of rapidly fermentable (non-fiber) carbohydrates is similar between these two livestock classes because lactating dairy cows have very high feed intakes. This principle is illustrated by the data presented in Table 1. Ruminal pH values measured by continuous data acquisition in feedlot steers and lactating dairy cattle were similar when the cattle consumed similar total amounts of non-fiber carbohydrates. The prevalence of SARA in dairy herds is probably about the same as it is in beef feedlots. The objectives of this paper are to review the pathophysiology, clinical signs, diagnostic methods and prevention of ruminal acidosis in dairy herds. The subacute form of ruminal acidosis will be emphasized.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2000
Gastrointestinal Acidosis and Its Effect on Escherichia coli in Cattle
Creators: name: Russell, James B.
name: Jarvis, Graeme N.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2000

description: Escherichia coli is a normal inhabitant of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of warm blooded animals, and most E. coli strains are harmless. However, gram-negative bacteria can release lipopolysaccharide complexes from their cell walls (including lipid A) when they lyse.14 These endotoxins can cause fever, and even death, but only if the bacterium migrates from the gut to the blood. Some strains of E. coli produce an enterotoxin that resembles cholera toxin, and this protein causes acute diarrhea even if the bacterium never crosses the intestinal epithelium.17 In 1982, an E. coli strain designated as O157:H7 was isolated from the bloody feces of people that had consumed contaminated hamburgers, and these strains produced toxins that could diffuse into intestinal cells.14,20 Genetic analyses of E. coli O157:H7 indicated that it carried two toxin genes that were homologous to the ones borne by Shigella.17 E.coli O157:H7 has a powerful hemolysin and an intestinal adherence factor known as Intimin.17 Humans that are infected with E. coli O157:H7 become acutely ill, but mature cattle are asymptomatic carriers.1,9 Ground beef has been a common source of E. coli O157:H7 infection, but fruits and vegetables have also caused outbreaks and illness.1 Fruits and vegetables are often fertilized with cattle manure, and beef can be contaminated with fresh manure at slaughter. Cattle have been suspected as being a primary source of E. coli O157:H7.9 However, it should be noted that other animals and wildlife can carry this bacterium.1 Early work indicated that only small numbers of cattle carried E. coli O157:H7,9 but sensitive detection methods that used immunomagnetic beads indicate that as 30% to 50% of the cattle may be infected.15,16 Hancock and his colleagues examined the effect of diet on E. coli O 15 7 :H7, but detection methods were insensitive and dietary correlations were either weak or inconsistent.9,11 Recent work indicated that grain feeding, a practice common in the cattle industry, can alter the physiology and survival of E.coli, but a brief period of hay feeding was able to counteract this potentially dangerous effect.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2000
Similarity of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Recent Isolates of Mycoplasma bovis Recovered from Various US Regions and Diverse Clinical Conditions
Creators: name: Rosenbusch, R.
name: Kinyon, J.
name: Apley, M.
name: Funk, N.
name: Smith, S.
name: Hoffman, L.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2004

description: Mycoplasma bovis is involved in mastitis, pneumonia and polyarthritis of beef and dairy cattle. Infections can affect all ages and respond poorly to antimicrobial therapy. Variation in antimicrobial susceptibility profiles among isolates of M. bovis recovered from various tissues in dairy or beef outbreaks has been suspected but not verified. Increasing resistance of isolates has been recently documented, 1 so it appears that periodic large-scale surveillance would be useful to veterinarians, diagnosticians and researchers, especially to compare isolates from different regions within the US. It would also be beneficial to establish a standardized method for in-vitro susceptibility testing. This report contains antimicrobial susceptibilities for 223 isolates obtained from five US regions and from four tissue sites.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2004
Additional file 1 of Identification of novel protein biomarkers from the blood and urine for the early diagnosis of bladder cancer via proximity extension analysis
Creators: name: Kong, Tong
name: Qu, Yang
name: Zhao, Taowa
name: Niu, Zitong
name: Lv, Xiuyi
name: Wang, Yiting
name: Ding, Qiaojiao
name: Wei, Pengyao
name: Fu, Jun
name: Wang, Liang
name: Gao, Jing
name: Zhou, Cheng
name: Wang, Suying
name: Jiang, Junhui
name: Zheng, Jianping
name: Wang, Kaizhe
name: Wu, Kerong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Sample clustering of abnormal values in serum by WGCNA detection, WGCNA, Weighted correlation network analysis. Figure S2. Sample clustering of abnormal values in urine by WGCNA detection, WGCNA, Weighted correlation network analysis. Figure S3. Quality control of PEA assay proteins. a IQR for detection of proteins in serum. b IQR for detection of proteins in urine, QC quality control, IQR interquartile range. Table S1. Information of 92 proteins detected using PEA technology. Table S2. Clinical Characteristics of Serum Samples. Clinical Characteristics of Urine Supernatant Samples.
Strategies for Managing Septic Arthritis of the Digit in Cattle
Creators: name: Guard, Charles
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2000

description: Conservative therapy of deep sepsis of the digit is generally unrewarding even with prolonged administration of antibiotics. What we consider prolonged antibiotic administration in bovine practice is clearly different from that employed in other species. In nonruminant species including humans, treatment with antibiotics for septic arthritis typically extends for 2 months or 3 weeks after all clinical signs have resolved. This duration of therapy is clearly not practical in cattle and still might not resolve the types of lesions occurring in the digits. The end result following a common 1 to 2-week course of antibiotics for septic digital arthritis is usually euthanasia or culling after appropriate withholding for drug residues. In the author's opinion, less than 5% of cases of deep digital sepsis respond satisfactorily to such conservative treatment. Why? Possibilities include failure to choose an appropriate antibiotic, inability of the antibiotic to penetrate to the site of infection, or drug resistant strains of bacteria. Most digital infections are caused by a mixed population of bacteria including at least Arcanobacterium pyogenes and Fusobacterium necrophorum; there may also be various Streptococci, Staph. aureus, and other anaerobes involved.8
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2000
Acidosis in Cattle
Creators: name: Stock, Rick
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2000

description: As with all feedstuffs consumed by ruminants, grains are subject to microbial fermentation in the rumino-reticulum part of the stomach complex. Ruminants evolved digesting forages. Therefore, digestion of grain by the ruminal ecosystem is a relatively foreign situation. Consumption of large, single meals and microbial fermentation not only favored energy and protein utilization of forages, but also allowed ruminants to survive from other predators. However, these feeding habits create problems when high grain diets are fed. The microbial fermentation of starches contained in grains can proceed too rapidly causing the rumen to become acidotic. The severity of the acidosis may range from mild to life threatening. Genetic selection of beef cattle over the last 50 years has done little to reduce the incidence of acidosis. Possibly, the selection of Holsteins for increased milk production may have indirectly selected for decreased acidosis by increasing saliva flow (bicarbonate buffer) and increasing rate of passage. In many situations, the consequences of acidosis affect feedlot cattle and dairy cattle similarly. However, there are also unique feeding and management differences between these two industries. In general, I will discuss the two industries together. Where specific feeding and management differences occur, I will discuss these livestock industries separately.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2000
Additional file 1 of Sonographic characteristics of diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma with histopathological correlation: a preliminary study
Creators: name: Li, Wanying
name: Wang, Ying
name: Gao, Luying
name: Feng, Ruie
name: Lv, Ke
name: Wu, Xining
name: Yang, Xiao
name: Cai, Sheng
name: Wang, Hongyan
name: Li, Jianchu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1. Additional file 1. Ultrasonographic images of other 7 DSVPTC cases
Additional file 1 of Effectiveness of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) vaccines for reducing susceptibility to infection with the Delta variant (B.1.617.2) of SARS-CoV-2
Creators: name: Pattni, Karan
name: Hungerford, Daniel
name: Adams, Sarah
name: Buchan, Iain
name: Cheyne, Christopher P.
name: García-Fiñana, Marta
name: Hall, Ian
name: Hughes, David M.
name: Overton, Christopher E.
name: Zhang, Xingna
name: Sharkey, Kieran J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Population demographics, MCMC output (parameter estimates, trace plots and posterior distributions) for all models and log likelihood profile for infectiveness.
Managing Acidosis in Feedlot Cattle
Creators: name: Milton, Todd
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2000

description: The cattle feeding business in the United States has evolved to an intensively managed system using grains as the primary source of energy. Grain feeding is common throughout the cattle feeding regions of the United States because the cost per unit of energy is often cheaper with grain compared with other feedstuffs available for beef cattle. In addition, grains are easier to store, handle, process, mix and deliver in rations compared with bulky, lower energy forage type feedstuffs. Consumers also prefer the taste and flavor of grain-fed beef compared with other alternatives. Acidosis is one of the most important nutritional disorders in feedlot cattle today and is caused by a rapid production and absorption of organic acids and endotoxins from the rumen when cattle over consume grain (starch) or sugar in a short period of time. Acidosis is an array of stresses and is not confined to a single symptom such as ruminal pH. The previous definition is a collective term for several associated facets and includes the effects of organic acid production, ruminal pH, salivary flow, rate of passage, starch fermentation, feed intake and others. Ruminal acidosis often leads to metabolic acidosis in feedlot cattle. Acidosis is difficult to measure and diagnose in feedlot cattle. Even in metabolism studies designed to measure the effects of acidosis, it is difficult to research because as ruminal pH declines, cattle adjust by decreasing feed intake and altering their consumption patterns to help diminish the deleterious effects of acidosis. Acidosis is not one disorder, but a continuum of degrees. Effects of acidosis can be slight as a .25 lb/ day decrease in feed intake, or as severe as the death of an animal. Brent2 attributed founder, polioencephalomalcia (PEM) and ruminitis to acidosis in feedlot cattle. Sudden death syndrome, reduced feed intake, reduced absorption, liver abscesses, grain bloat and clostridial infections have been added to the list of acidosis related problems. Acidosis is not the only nutritional disorder that can occur in beef cattle fed high-grain diets, but may be a contributing factor to many of the diagnosed nutritional disorders that are currently observed in feedlot cattle. Many of the management recommendations that feedlot nutritionists make on a daily basis are to reduce the incidence and severity of acidosis. Because acidosis is not simply one disorder we generally separate acidosis into acute or subacute situations. The actual ruminal pH where subacute acidosis becomes acute is difficult to define and probably not very important. Additionally, the actual ruminal pH where an individual animal experiences subacute acidosis may be equally less important because of animal-to-animal variation.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2000
The Blue Stuff or the Brown Stuff
Creators: name: Moore, Dale A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2004

description: Sanitation and biosecurity involve not only preventive practices to reduce potential exposure of cattle to disease, but also cleaning and disinfection of items and areas that can transmit or harbor disease agents. Important to understand are the types of different cleaning and disinfectant chemicals and the kinds of disease agents they are effective against. The purpose of this article is to provide bovine veterinarians and technicians with guidelines for use of cleaning and disinfectant products.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2004
Preventive Medicine Procedures for Cattle
Creators: name: Wikse, Steven E.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2004

description: Granting veterinary technicians major responsibility for cattle preventive medicine procedures in a rural veterinary clinic frees up time for the veterinarians in the practice for procedures that can only be performed by a veterinarian. This leads to professional growth for the veterinary technician as they become more proficient at preventive medicine procedures and even take on a client education role. Veterinary technicians have the skills to do most of the preventive medicine procedures used in processing calves, processing replacement heifers and in collection of samples for herd biosecurity programs.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2004