cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
LAND DISPUTES: THE PRACTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT IN ECONOMIC JURISDICTION
Creators: name: Tomlyak Taisa
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: land dispute
economic jurisdiction
land dispute resolution
legal position
land plot
lease
property

description: The article deals with the problems of modern legal science, namely the economic and legal principles of judicial protection of property rights and land use rights. The author analyzes the current land legislation and case law of the Commercial Court of Cassation of the Supreme Court, the Grand Chamber of the Supreme Court on certain categories of land cases, including the resolution of jurisdictional problems in land disputes. The article provides proposals for amendments to the economic procedural legislation in order to resolve jurisdictional conflicts that arise when considering land disputes.
Onere di contestazione: quale responsabilità per l'avvocato che vi assolve tardivamente?
Creators: name: Belli, Guido
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: IUS/01 Diritto privato

description: Nota a Corte d'Appello Milano, sezione IV, 29 giugno 2011
a) Configurabilità ed estensione dell’onere di contestazione.
L’onere della tempestiva contestazione delle pretese avversarie trae origine non soltanto dal codice di rito, ma dal sistema processuale considerato nel suo insieme, stanti la natura dispositiva del processo, il dovere di collaborazione imposto ai litiganti fin dalle prime battute della controversia ed il principio generale di economia ex art. 111 cost.
Ne consegue che, nell’ipotesi di mancata contestazione, il giudice è vincolato a ritenere sussistenti, e come tali non bisognosi di prova, i fatti specifici allegati dall’altro contendente.
b) Intempestiva contestazione e colpa professionale del difensore.
Il Codice deontologico forense, fornisce alcuni utili spunti per meglio delineare il significato e la portata da attribuire allo standard della media diligenza qualificata; si è, altresì, finiti, nelle molteplici applicazioni giurisprudenziali, per «tipizzare» una serie di negligenze e di imprudenze, in primis nelle ipotesi di inosservanza delle regole tecniche, quali quelle individuate dal codice di procedura civile, ad esempio sulla decadenza dalle prove. Da tempo, invero, simili omissioni nell’attività difensiva, vengono ritenute integranti l’estremo della grave negligenza da parte del professionista, senza possibilità di invocare la limitazione di responsabilità di cui all’art. 2236 c.c., essendo questa circoscritta ai casi di imperizia ricollegabili alla particolare difficoltà di problemi tecnici.
La responsabilità civile dei service providers
Creators: name: Belli, Guido
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: IUS/01 Diritto privato

description: a) L’illegalità nel mondo «virtuale»
Alle origini l’operatività degli internet service providers si è caratterizzata per una sostanziale libertà d’azione, evidenziata dalla mancanza di una disciplina specifica di regolazione. Di lì a poco, tuttavia, l’emersione, sempre più evidente, delle istanze di tutela dei fruitori, del diritto d’autore, della libertà di espressione, dell’onore, ecc., ha indotto il legislatore nazionale, anche sulla scorta delle precoci sollecitazioni della Commissione Europea, ad adottare una normativa puntuale delle attività dei providers, sì da accogliere l’affermazione che «ciò che è illegale fuori dalla rete rimane illegale anche sulla rete».
b) La tutela dei minori esposti alle insidie della Rete
La diffusione dei c.d. social networks è stata accompagnata dalla necessità, sempre più pressante, di approntare idonei strumenti a tutela dei minori, quali soggetti maggiormente esposti alle insidie della Rete. Decisiva è stata, al riguardo, l’elaborazione di un codice deontologico da parte dall’Anof, l’associazione nazionale che riunisce i fornitori di informazioni video ed audio, atto ad individuare una puntuale serie di obblighi d’informazione cui devono adempiere i prestatori. A tale misura ha fatto seguito una vera e propria campagna di «sensibilizzazione» dei soggetti tenuti alla vigilanza dei minori cibernauti, all’adozione di appositi strumenti capaci di limitare l’accesso a determinati contenuti. 
c) Verso l’affermazione della responsabilità degli ISP
La giurisprudenza di merito si è dimostrata mutevole nell’affermare la responsabilità civile dei service providers. Ad ogni modo, la tendenza generale è quella di valutare l’attività concretamente esercitata, nel senso di chiamare a rispondere l’ISP ogniqualvolta la sua opera consista non già nella semplice fornitura del servizio di accesso alla Rete o di uno spazio di hosting sul quale terzi memorizzano informazioni, bensì nella creazione, gestione e manutenzione di siti, o di newsgroup moderati.
Con particolare riguardo al c.d. hosting provider, l’art. 17 del d.lg. 9.4.2004, n. 70, esclude che il prestatore sia tenuto ad un obbligo generale di sorveglianza sulle informazioni che trasmette o memorizza, così come pure a ricercare attivamente fatti o circostanze sintomatiche della presenza di attività illecite, potendo egli essere ritenuto responsabile solo per un fatto proprio, ovvero di un proprio ausiliario, e non per un illecito consumato da terzi.
DISTANCE FORM OF EDUCATION IN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES: FEATURES AND PROBLEMS
Creators: name: Mazur K.
name: Pantsyreva H.
name: Prokopchuk, V.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: distance learning
agricultural education
educational process
development prospects

description: In today's pandemic caused by coronavirus infection, the most acceptable option for acquiring knowledge in higher education is gaining more and more attention to distance learning. From a technological point of view, such an organization provides students with the bulk of educational material through interactive inter-action of students and teachers in the learning process, giving students the opportunity to work independently with learning materials and in the learning process. In the course of research it was established about the need for an urgent transition to distance learning. This form of education requires revision and modification of methodological categories, including pedagogical theory, concepts, ideas, patterns, principles in combination with pedagogical skills.
LOCAL TAXATION UNDER CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION: LEGAL REGULATION
Creators: name: Pravdiuk, M.V.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: local taxes and fees
tax system
decentralization
territorial communities
local self-government bodies.

description: The article analyzes the state of legal regulation of the institution of local taxation, its role and place in the tax system of Ukraine in the period of decentralization and administrative reform. The legal content of the concept of local taxes and fees, features of the fiscal and economic function of local taxes and fees are deter-mined. Peculiarities of the property tax collection, single tax, parking fee and tourist tax, functions of local self-government bodies related to collecting local taxes and fees in accordance with the Tax Code of Ukraine are considered. The analysis of the main problems of formation of the institution of local taxes and fees at the present stage is carried out and the ways of further improvement of the mechanism of its legal regulation are offered.
Klein-Tunneling of a Quasirelativistic Bose-Einstein Condensate in an Optical Lattice
Creators: name: Salger, Tobias
name: Kling, Sebastian
name: Grossert, Christopher
name: Weitz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical lattices have proven to be powerful systems for quantum simulations of solid state physics effects. Here we report a proof-of-principle experiment simulating effects predicted by relativistic wave equations with ultracold atoms in a bichromatic optical lattice that allows for a tailoring of the dispersion relation. We observe the analog of Klein-tunneling, the penetration of relativistic particles through a potential barrier without the exponential damping that is characteristic for nonrelativistic quantum tunneling. Both linear (relativistic) and quadratic (nonrelativistic) dispersion relations are investigated, and significant barrier transmission is observed only for the relativistic case.
description: main: 4 pages, 4 figures supplement: 4 pages, 1 figure
AGROECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF SOIL CONDITION OF KHMІLNYTSKYІ DISTRICT OF VINNYTSIA REGION
Creators: name: Hutsol, H.V.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: monitoring
soil
concentration
heavy metals
quality
indicators
trace elements
humus.

description: The aim is to assess the agrochemical condition of soils and justify measures to reduce their pollution by heavy metals within the Khmilnytskyidistrict.In accordance with the set goal it is necessary to solve the follow-ing tasks: to take soil samples for laboratory tests; to carry out agrochemical assessment of soils of the settle-ment; to study the intensity of soil contamination with heavy metals (lead, cadmium); to investigate the level of concentration of microelements-toxicants in soils (zinc, copper);to optimize measures to reduce the intensity of soil contamination with heavy metals and trace elements, as well as measures to improve agro-ecological indi-cators.According to research, chernozems are highly degraded medium loam, which predominate in the Khmilnytskyidistrictare characterized by neutral acidity, humus content is high, so these soils are enriched with plenty of organic matter, which is positive for their use in agriculture. According to soil studies on the content of mobile forms of trace elements, it can be concluded that the content of boron and manganese is within normal limits. The sulfur content is low and the iron content is very low. Magnesium content is also increased. Analyzing soil contamination with lead, cadmium, zinc and copper, we note that their content was lower than the MPC by 8.1 times, 5.38, 21.4 and 5.0 times, respectively. The highest content of heavy metals in the soil was observed for zinc, compared to lead, cadmium and copper, it was 1.44, 8.23 and 1.78 times higher, respectively.The hazard ratio of heavy metals was the highest for copper. Introduction of integrated agricul-ture, based on a combination of positive aspects of alternative and intensive farming systems. It is necessary to optimize the structure of land and sown areas, to introduce soil protection technologies for growing crops, to strengthen state control over land use, to provide funding for land protection and soil protection measures.
La responsabilità della pubblica amministrazione per danni da emotrasfusioni infette
Creators: name: Belli, Guido
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: IUS/01 Diritto privato

description: a) L’affermazione della responsabilità per colpa del Ministero della Salute . Dopo qualche oscillazione sulla natura della responsabilità del Ministero della Salute per il danno da emotrasfusioni contagiose, la giurisprudenza ha progressivamente affinato i criteri di imputazione, sino ad ammettere la praticabilità della sola clausola generale dell’art. 2043 c.c., ponendone a fondamento la colposa omissione di controllo e di vigilanza sull’attività di raccolta e distribuzione di sangue ed emoderivati.
b) Prevedibilità dell’evento e nesso causale.
Controversa è la problematica della prevedibilità dell’eventus damni da parte della pubblica amministrazione e, dunque, dell’esistenza del rapporto di causalità tra l’omissione della dovuta attività di vigilanza e controllo ed il contagio post-trasfusionale. Al riguardo la propensione sembra quella di estendere la responsabilità ministeriale al contagio di virus conosciuti in epoca successiva al 1978, anno di individuazione, da parte della comunità scientifica, degli agenti causa dell’HBV, trattandosi, comunque, di manifestazioni patogene dello stesso evento lesivo dell’integrità fisica, dovuto a virus veicolati dal sangue infetto che il Ministero aveva omesso di controllare, pur essendovi istituzionalmente preposto.
c) Il decorso della prescrizione dell’azione di risarcimento coincide con il momento in cui la malattia è percepibile dal contagiato, tenuto conto dello stato dell’arte medica.  Circa l’individuazione del dies a quo ai fini della decorrenza della prescrizione dell’azione risarcitoria, un primo equilibrio sembra essere stato raggiunto dalla pronuncia a Sezioni Unite, n. 581 del gennaio 2008, che la fa coincidere con il momento in cui la malattia viene percepita dal danneggiato o può essere percepita quale danno ingiusto conseguente al comportamento doloso o colposo dell’amministrazione, usando l’ordinaria diligenza e tenuto conto della diffusione delle conoscenze scientifiche.
Untersuchungen zum funktionellen Gentransfer zelltypspezifischer, virusanaloger Partikel
Creators: name: Günther, Constanze
Publisher: name: Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Elektronische Publikation
subject: 615.3

description: Die zelltypspezifische Adressierung von Transportsystemen ist ein wichtiger Aspekt für die Entwicklung von therapeutischen Ansätzen. Das in dieser Arbeit entwickelte Transportsystem basiert auf virusanalogen Partikeln, die aus dem Hüllprotein VP1 des murinen Polyomavirus zusammengesetzt sind. Durch Insertion von 8 Glutaminsäuren und einem Cystein in den HI-loop von VP1 steht ein universeller Adapter an der Oberfläche der Partikel zur Kopplung von Liganden, die komplementär geladene Peptide enthalten, zur Verfügung. Die zelltypspezifische Aufnahme der Partikel wurde durch gerichtete Kopplung des Fv-Fragments des B3-Antikörpers erreicht. Trotz der effizienten Aufnahme der Partikel in Lewis Y-positive Zellen wurden nur Transfektionsraten von unter 0.1 % mittels dieser Partikel erreicht. Als Limitation für den funktionellen Transfer wurde der lysosomale Abbau der Partikel und der damit transportierten Plasmid-DNA nach rezeptorvermittelter Endozytose identifiziert. Die zusätzliche Kopplung von Listeriolysin O (LLO) an die virusanalogen Partikel resultierte in einer signifikanten Steigerung der Transfektionsrate auf bis zu 2.5 %. In dieser Arbeit wurde demonstriert, dass durch die parallele Kopplung eines Freisetzungsmoduls (LLO) der funktionelle Gentransfer der zelltypspezifischen, virusanalogen Partikel erheblich gesteigert werden konnte.
description: Celltype-specific targeting of delivery-sytems is one major aspect for the development of therapeutical approaches. The system used in this thesis is based on virus-like particles (VLP) that are derived from mouse polyomavirus major coat protein VP1. The insertion of a polyionic peptide consisting of 8 glutamic acids residues and one cystein into the HI-loop of VP1 provides a universal adapter on the surface of these particles to couple ligands containing complementary charged peptids. The celltype-specific uptake of the particles was achieved by coupling of the Fv-Fragment of the monoclonal antibody B3 via the polyionic adapter. Although the cellular uptake of the VLP into Lewis Y-positive target cells was very efficient the transfection rate using a reporter-plasmid was only below 0.1 %. Lysosmal degradation of the particles and the associated plasmid-DNA after receptor-mediated endocytosis was identified as the limiting step for functional gene transfer. The additional incorporation of listeriolysin O (LLO) into the VLP-system resulted in a significant increase of the transfection rate of up to 2.5 %. In this work it was demonstrated that the parallel coupling of a targeting moiety (Fv-fragment) and a release module (LLO) to virus-like particles results in increased functional gene transfer in a celltype-specific manner.
Sorveglianza degli incapaci e responsabilità del custode
Creators: name: Belli, Guido
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: IUS/01 Diritto privato

description: a) Il dovere di custodia va rapportato alla natura e al grado di incapacità del sorvegliato.  Per l’esatta definizione del contenuto del dovere di vigilanza di cui all’art. 2047 c.c. occorre prendere in considerazione diverse circostanze (di tempo, di luogo, di ambiente, di pericolo) ed anche il grado e la natura dell’incapacità del sorvegliato, non essendo richiesta, al custode, una ininterrotta presenza fisica accanto all’incapace, ogniqualvolta i rapporti di questi col mondo esterno appaiano, ragionevolmente, non costituire causa di nocumento per i terzi.
b) Responsabilità della struttura sanitaria e riforma dell’assistenza psichiatrica.  A seguito dell’entrata in vigore della legge di riforma dell’assistenza psichiatrica (l. 13.5.1978, n. 180), la presunzione di responsabilità prevista dall’art. 2047 c.c. è configurabile, a carico della struttura sanitaria, nelle ipotesi in cui l’infermo di mente sia ricoverato presso la stessa; diversamente, il personale medico può essere chiamato a rispondere dei danni cagionati a terzi dall’attività illecita dell’incapace per inadeguata organizzazione dei servizi di cura, per errori di diagnosi o di terapia, ma solo ex art. 2043 c.c. e non in forza del rapporto di custodia.
c) Responsabilità oggettiva del sorvegliante e prova liberatoria.
Per sottrarsi da responsabilità il sorvegliante deve dimostrare di «non aver potuto impedire il fatto», a nulla rilevando la diligenza profusa nell’esercizio della custodia.  Si tratta, invero, di una responsabilità oggettiva che ammette, a liberazione, solamente la prova della concreta impossibilità materiale di intervenire ed impedire il fatto, sì che questo risulti estraneo alla sfera di controllo del custode, e dunque non in rapporto di causalità con l’eventus damni.
L'atto lecito dannoso: un comune illecito aquiliano o una speciale forma di responsabilità?
Creators: name: Belli, Guido
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: IUS/01 Diritto privato

description: a) Atto lecito dannoso e responsabilità civile.
Il fondamento della categoria degli atti leciti dannosi va rinvenuto nella necessità di far convivere più diritti o interessi inconciliabili, ma comunque degni di contemporanea tutela.  Un equilibrio difficile che si raggiunge, ragionevolmente, consentendo, da un lato l’atto e, dall’altro, la riparazione dell’interesse sacrificato. Sebbene sia ancora discussa la natura della responsabilità in esame, tra le diverse tesi prospettate dalla dottrina mi sembra meglio capace di realizzare tale bilanciamento quella di chi riconduce la figura al comune illecito, sulla considerazione che nell’attuale sistema della responsabilità civile il risarcimento non rappresenta la sanzione di una condotta, ma il mezzo di protezione della sfera giuridica soggettiva. 
b) Esercizio del diritto e scopo della norma . Il bilanciamento di interessi compiuto dal legislatore, del resto, non va oltre lo scopo delle norme che legittimano una certa condotta: il danno conseguente a questa è, dunque, fonte di responsabilità perché costituisce un illecito. Non è, invero, sufficiente individuare un atto autorizzato per escludere la responsabilità, rendendosi necessario, pur sempre, accertare l’ingiustizia del danno anche attraverso la valutazione del fine sotteso alla norma autorizzatrice.
Stigmaphyllon salzmannii Juss.
Creators: name: Araújo, Diogo
name: Alves, Marccus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Malpighiaceae
Stigmaphyllon
Stigmaphyllon salzmannii

description: 69. Stigmaphyllon salzmannii Juss. (Fig. 2I)
Brazil (from Pernambuco until Rio de Janeiro), Atlantic forest.
Selected Vouchers:—Macacos, Melo et al. 59 (UFP, ULM), Alves-Araújo & Araújo 727 (UFP); Pezinho, Alves-Araújo et al. 242 (UFP)..
MENISPERMACEAE
description: Published as part of Araújo, Diogo & Alves, Marccus, 2010, Climbing plants of a fragmented area of lowland Atlantic Forest, Igarassu, Pernambuco (northeastern Brazil), pp. 1-24 in Phytotaxa 8 on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.8.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4893863
IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE
Creators: name: Tomashuk, I.V.
name: Baldynyuk, V.M.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: rural areas
social infrastructure
agricultural sector
reform
strategy
innovations
resource potential
re-gional policy
concept
factors
model.

description: The problems of development of production and social infrastructure of rural areas are considered. The dynamics of the main components of rural infrastructure development and their impact on the socio-economic situation in Ukraine are analyzed. The influence of agricultural production on the development of rural infra-structure is argued. It is emphasized that the development of rural areas today is characterized by the aggrava-tion of a number of problems, the most acute of which are the demographic crisis, the decline of social infra-structure, unemployment and poverty, and most importantly unresolved land use issues. The strategic importance of multifunctional development of rural areas is studied taking into account the experience of the member states of the European Union, the member states of the Council of Europe. It is proved that ensuring the effective development of the infrastructure of rural areas should begin with the de-velopment of a state program for the development of a particular settlement, taking into account the natural features of the territory. It is determined that the solution of global problems of rural development is the intro-duction of non-agricultural activities in rural areas, including eco-innovation. It is stated that the task of the state regional policy should be to support strategic projects for the regions, because full-fledged local self-government is a prerequisite for the development of regions, taking into account their features. It is concluded that the availability of effectively functioning social infrastructure of rural areas is one of the determining factors not only of social stability, but also of efficient management.
La responsabilità della banca per erogazione «abusiva» del credito ad un’impresa
in situation désperée
Creators: name: Belli, Guido
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: IUS/01 Diritto privato

description: L’erogazione di credito ad un’impresa insolvente anziché condurre ad un superamento della crisi, concretizza, in molti casi, un pregiudizio sia per i creditori, frustrati nelle loro ragioni dalla progressiva diminuzione della massa attiva, sia per l’impresa stessa che, continuando ad operare sul mercato, assiste alla riduzione del proprio patrimonio.
Di recente, sulla scia dei più precoci insegnamenti dell’ordinamento francese, si è registrato, in dottrina e in giurisprudenza, un sensibile ampliamento del terreno della responsabilità degli istituti di credito, nelle ipotesi di reiterato finanziamento ad imprese in stato di crisi. Ma l’assenza di una disciplina specifica in materia, ha condotto gli interpreti ad interrogarsi sulle regole a presidio del sostegno economico delle imprese insolventi, onde operare un discrimine tra concessione legittima e concessione «abusiva» di fido . Discrimine che è stato ravvisato nella irrecuperabilità dell’insolvenza: non è sufficiente, in altre parole, a configurare la concessione abusiva del credito il supporto ad un’impresa in crisi; occorre, ulteriormente, che l’impresa versi in una situation déspéreé, ossia ineluttabile e senza alcun margine di risanamento.
Il profilo più delicato è, indubbiamente, quello che attiene agli effetti che il reiterato sostegno economico all’impresa ormai decotta produce nel caso di apertura di una procedura concorsuale.
A characterization of compact complex tori via automorphism groups
Creators: name: Fu, Baohua
name: Zhang, De-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that a compact Kaehler manifold X is a complex torus if both the continuous part and discrete part of some automorphism group G of X are infinite groups, unless X is bimeromorphic to a non-trivial G-equivariant fibration. Some applications to dynamics are given.
description: title changed, to appear in Math. Ann
PRODUCTIVITY OF LAYING HENS FED BY FEED ADDITIVES
Creators: name: Poberezhets J.N.
name: Lotka, H.I.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: laying hens
enzyme preparation
feed
eggs.

description: The aim of the experiment was to research the effect of the enzyme additive AlfaGal on egg-laying ability and egg quality of laying hens. It was found that the average daily, absolute and relative gains increased by 9.9% (P≤0.05), 10%, respectively, and 3.2% for poultry fed by the feed additive than control counterparts. The AlfaGal enzyme additive application for laying hens feeding increases the gross collection of eggs by 6.2% (P≤0.05) compared with control counterparts. The enzyme additives application in the experimental poultry feeding reduces feed costs by 10 eggs by 5.5% compared to the control. Using an enzyme additive for laying hens feeding increases the weight of the egg by 7.6% (P≤0.05). Egg white weight increases by 5.4% (P≤0.05) in the second experimental group under the action of AlfaGal.
METHODOLOGY AND ORGANIZATION OF ACCOUNTING AND TAXATION OF WAGES
Creators: name: Mashevska, A.A.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: organization of accounting
payroll taxation
accounting methods
tariff system
documentation
accounting accounts
wages.

description: The article reveals the economic essence and significance of wages as a component of current payments to employees and examines the methodology and organization of accounting and taxation of wages. Problems of the organization and a technique of the account of a salary are defined. The main shortcomings in the field of taxation are noted, and also problems of use of tariff system as bases of the account and documentation of calculations on payment of work with the personnel are reflected. The normative legal and legislative regulation of accounting and documentation of wage calculations is analyzed. The requirements to the formation of the organization of payroll accounting, which define the tasks, system of indicators, documentation and system of accounts on which the relevant information is accumulated, are presented. It is concluded that the improvement of labor accounting and its payment at enterprises should be based on the optimization of tariff regulation of wages, namely: improving the tariff system by establishing ratios of tariff rates depending on the level of qualification of the worker; introduction of flexible forms and systems of remuneration, including contract and non-tariff; collective wage regulation. The main ways to improve the reflection of wage accounting are proposed.
APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION AND ASSESSMENT OF CLINICAL REASONING IN MEDICAL STUDENTS
Creators: name: Glubochenko, O.V.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: educational technology
clinical reasoning
medical students.

description: The article outlines using different approaches in the teaching and assessment of clinical reasoning in undergraduate and graduate medical students. Clinical reasoning is the process of applying knowledge in which doctors collect, interpret patient’s information and perform expertise of clinical situation for develop-ing an action plan of diagnostic and treatment. Clinical reasoning considered as the physician's most im-portant competency and is an integral component of expert and competent practice. The implementation of different methods stimulates effectiveness of learning, has a positive influence on students’ performance and perceptions of learning gains.
Velocity renormalization and anomalous quasiparticle dispersion in extrinsic graphene
Creators: name: Sarma, S. Das
name: Hwang, E. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using many-body diagrammatic perturbation theory we consider carrier density- and substrate-dependent many-body renormalization of doped or gated graphene induced by Coulombic electron-electron interaction effects. We quantitatively calculate the many-body spectral function, the renormalized quasiparticle energy dispersion, and the renormalized graphene velocity using the leading-order self-energy in the dynamically screened Coulomb interaction within the ring diagram approximation. We predict experimentally detectable many-body signatures, which are enhanced as the carrier density and the substrate dielectric constant are reduced, finding an intriguing instability in the graphene excitation spectrum at low wave vectors where interaction completely destroys all particle-like features of the noninteracting linear dispersion. We also make experimentally relevant quantitative predictions about the carrier density and wave-vector dependence of graphene velocity renormalization induced by electron-electron interaction. We compare on-shell and off-shell self-energy approximations within the ring diagram approximation, finding a substantial quantitative difference between their predicted velocity renormalization corrections in spite of the generally weak-coupling nature of interaction in graphene.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Horizontal alignment optimization in road design
Creators: name: Mondal, Sukanto
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The horizontal alignment optimization problem in road design is a complex problem. Usually, classic optimization techniques cannot be used to address the problem. A few studies investigated the problem mainly using heuristics. Unfortunately, all of the previously studied heuristic based methods do not guarantee optimality. In this study, we develop a novel optimization model to solve the horizontal alignment optimization problem in a specified corridor. The cost of a horizontal alignment is significantly affected by the associated vertical alignment cost. So in order to formulate the cost function of the model, we consider both the vertical alignment and earthwork allocation associated with a horizontal alignment. The representation of a horizontal alignment in our model satisfies all of the geometrical specifications used by engineers. Our model is suitable for both backtracking and non-backtracking horizontal alignments. Derivative-free optimization algorithms are used to solve the problem and guarantee the local optimality of our solution. The numerical experiment results of a set of practical problems are reported.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF REGIONS’ SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Creators: name: Bereziuk Sergii
name: Tokarchuk Dina
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: concession
management
program-target planning
development
social infrastructure
strategy
management.

description: Today, the development of social infrastructure has a significant impact on all processes taking place in society. Therefore, one of the priority areas of socio-economic development of Ukraine and its regions is the issue of expansion and reconstruction of social infrastructure. The study identified the main problems of social infrastructure in the regions of Ukraine, including: im-balance of its development, the mismatch of incomes of a significant part of the population of social services, differentiation of local budget expenditures on social activities, the problem of high quality social services. The main tasks of effective management of social infrastructure are established, among which the im-portant role belongs to staffing, interterritorial cooperation, study of the advanced world experience, includ-ing about the ways to finance the development of the social sphere. It is substantiated that an effective tool for financial support of social infrastructure development is the usage of the mechanism of public-private partner-ship, which will provide: reduction of the burden on regional and local budgets; strengthening the material and technical base of the social sphere; comprehensive safety and energy efficiency of social infrastructure institutions; innovative nature of the development of education, health care and other activities of the social sphere through the modernization of organizational and technological conditions. The main types of strategy for the development of social infrastructure of the regions of Ukraine are outlined, taking into account the world experience.
Uccisione del congiunto, danno catastrofale, danno tanatologico e danno parentale: a che punto siamo?
Creators: name: Belli, Guido
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: IUS/01 Diritto privato

description: a) Risarcibilità del danno in favore dei congiunti.
Il risarcimento del danno, sia patrimoniale che non patrimoniale, derivante dalla morte ex delicto di un individuo va liquidato in favore dei familiari più stretti della vittima e dei congiunti meno prossimi, ma con essa effettivamente conviventi, o comunque alla stessa legati da uno stretto rapporto caratterizzato da affetto reciproco e solidarietà, che abbiano subito un grave perturbamento sul piano economico e/o su quello morale, a cagione sia del trauma affettivo sofferto, che della perdita di un valido sostegno materiale, attuale o verosimilmente potenziale.

b) Titolo della legittimazione.
La legittimazione all’azione di risarcimento va riconosciuta iure proprio ai congiunti del de cuius, sempreché non sia decorso un apprezzabile intervallo di tempo tra la lesione da quello subita e la sua morte, che permetta di riferire ad esso stesso il danno, dovendosi, in tal caso, ammettere una legittimazione iure successionis in capo agli eredi.

c) La lesione del rapporto parentale.
Al fine di colmare i pericolosi vuoti di tutela esistenti, da qualche tempo è stata elaborata una nuova figura di danno non patrimoniale, quella del danno da lesione del rapporto parentale, per la cui risarcibilità gli stretti congiunti della vittima sono legittimati iure proprio, senza che ciò precluda loro la possibilità di lamentare, oltre al danno patrimoniale ed al danno morale transeunte, anche il danno alla salute sofferto dal defunto nell’apprezzabile lasso di tempo trascorso tra l’evento lesivo e la morte.
SYSTEM AND PECULIARITIES OF MARKETING ACTIVITIES OF FARMS AS AN OBJECT OF THEORETSCAL ANALYSIS IN UKRAINE
Creators: name: Sergiivna, Savina Svitlana
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: research
theoretical and methodological aspects
marketing management
farms
efficiency
agrarian business.

description: The article shows the study of theoretical and methodological and applied provisions of marketing management of farming farms and substantiation of practical recommendations aimed at increasing the effectiveness of their functioning in the structure of agrarian business.
Recesso con diritto alla caparra, risoluzione del contratto e tutela della parte in bonis
Creators: name: Belli, Guido
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: IUS/01 Diritto privato

description: Nota a Cass. civ., sez. II, 6 settembre 2011, n. 18266
a) Recesso con ritenzione della caparra e risoluzione giudiziale: condivisione di presupposti ed effetti .
Nella sentenza in rassegna la Corte di cassazione, richiamandosi all’orientamento espresso dalle Sezioni Unite nel gennaio 2009 (Cass., S.U., 14.1.2009, n. 553) tornando ad occuparsi dei rapporti tra il recesso con ritenzione della caparra confirmatoria di cui all’art. 1385, 2° co., c.c. e l’istituto della risoluzione giudiziale, configura il primo come una mera facoltà riconosciuta alla parte in bonis che, se esercitata, determina lo scioglimento ope legis del contratto, e che richiede, come presupposto, l’inadempimento dell’altro contraente, avente le medesime caratteristiche di quello che legittimerebbe la scelta di agire in giudizio per la risoluzione ed il risarcimento dei danni (artt. 1218, 1256 e 1455 c.c.).
Per la Corte, invero, la norma in esame non deroga affatto alla disciplina generale della risoluzione per inadempimento, ammettendo la scelta di recedere dal contratto e di trattenere la caparra ricevuta (o di esigere il doppio di quella versata) solo quando l’inadempimento della controparte sia colpevole e di non scarsa importanza.

b) Alternatività e non cumulabilità di rimedi.
Secondo i supremi giudici, il recesso dell’art. 1385, 2° co., c.c. integra, nella sostanza, una forma di risoluzione di diritto del contratto, alternativa e non cumulabile con la domanda di risoluzione giudiziale di cui all’art. 1453 c.c., da affiancare (piuttosto che contrapporre) a quelle di cui agli artt. 1454, 1456, 1457 c.c. e destinata ad operare, indipendentemente dall’esistenza di un termine essenziale o di una diffida ad adempiere, attraverso la semplice comunicazione all’altra parte di una volontà "caducatoria"’ degli effetti negoziali.
BREEDING A NEW POPULATION OF MEAT-BASED SIMMENTAL CATTLE IN THE CARPATHIAN REGION OF UKRAINE
Creators: name: Kalynka A.
name: Kazmiruk, L.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: bulls
tufts
diet
complex preparation
live weight
daily increments

description: It has been found that the growth rate in this type of repair heifers from birth to 7 months of age in the genotype Simmental Canadian3/4 + Simmental Austrian1/16 Simmental German1/8 + Simmental American1/16 is higher; they reliably predominate by 3.4% (P<0.001) their improved peers of the genotype Simmental Com-bined1/32 Simmental Canadian27/32 Simmental Austrian1/32 Simmental German3/32 in the herd of the State Re-search Farm «Chernivetske». It has been determined that a correlation in repair heifers with the final genotype Simmental Canadian3/4 Simmental Austrian1/16 + Simmental German1/8 + Simmental American1/16 between the live weight during the period of rearing was low and negative: at birth r=-0.13 (P>0.095); at 7 months of age r=-0.02 and at 12 months of age r=-0.05 (P>0.095). The studies have determined that the linear and mass di-mensions of a new population Simmental cattle increase with the raise of their heredity in the genotype Sim-mental Canadian3/4 Simmental Austrian1/16 + Simmental German1/8 + Simmental American1/16. Their live weight increased by 15.5 kg, the height at withers – by 3.1 cm, the chest circumference – by 4.8 cm, the oblique length of the torso and buttocks – by 1.7 and 2.1, respectively, and the overall dimensions – by 13.5 cm. It has been found that the growth rate in the repair heifers of meat-based polled Simmental cattle from birth to 7 months of age in a new productive genotype Simmental Canadian3/4 Simmental Austrian1/16 + Sim-mental German1/8 + Simmental American1/16 is 15.7%; they reliably predominate by 3.4% (P<0.001) their im-proved peers of the genotype Simmental Canadian25/32 + Simmental Austrian1/16 + Simmental German1/8 + Sim-mental American1/32 in the State Research Farm «Chernivetske».
THE CONCEPT OF STATE SUPPORT FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS
Creators: name: Tymoshenko Elizaveta Anatoliyivna
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: agriculture
land law
agrarian law
state support
agricultural producers.

description: The agricultural sector is extremely important for Ukraine. No wonder we are called an agrarian state. Perhaps this statement has a sometimes negative context, but we still have to see perspectives in it. Ukrainian soils are known in the world for their fertility, and Ukrainian farmers for their hard work. But nowadays Ukraine lags far behind its foreign partners, in particular European ones. There are objective reasons for this, especially obsolescence of the material and technical base of agricultural enterprises; agrarian reform not implemented for more than 20 years; archaic approach to doing business; insufficiency, and sometimes lack of state support for agricultural farmers. The purpose of the study is to scientifically substantiate the conceptual foundations of legal regulation of state support of agriculture in Ukraine, formulating on this basis the relevant theoretical provisions and prac-tical recommendations for improving existing legislation that will promote modern doctrine of agricultural, land, environmental law and other areas of law, lawmaking, law enforcement and legal education. In such a depressing environment for the agricultural sector, reforms are necessary. In order to change the existing realities of the Ukrainian agricultural sphere, we should study and analyze the issues of state sup-port for agricultural farmers in Ukraine, as well as to turn to the European experience, based on its effective-ness and time-tested. The article examines the experience of foreign countries such as Poland, Belgium and Germany.
GaAs ICs for 3 volt electronics
Creators: name: Huang, Charles
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 1997
Subjects: ING-INF/01 Elettronica

description: As batteries go, so goes portable electronics. In the near future, small and light 3 volt batteries will become available. It necessitates future power supplies for notebook PCS, cellular and DCS/PCS handsets and HPCs (handheld PCS) to move from 5 to 6 volts to 3 volts. Consequently, both RF and baseband ICs will need to operate satisfactorily down to 2.5 volts to account for the aging of the battery.
The high electronic mobility and low knee voltages of GaAs transistors are ideal for low supply voltage operations. Integrated power amplifiers for cellular handsets have good performances down to 1.5 volts. DC to DC converters with better than 95% conversion efficiencies are also available.
We will address key technical and application issues in this talk.
Accelerating theTransient Simulation of Semiconductor Devices Using Filter-Bank Transforms
Creators: name: Movahhedi, Masoud
name: Abdipour, A.
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2005
Subjects: ING-INF/01 Elettronica

description: Using fully or semi-implicit schemes to solve hydrodynamic transport equations is very suitable and efﬁcient for transient simulations of semiconductor devices. But,using these techniques leads to a large system of 
linear equations. Here for the ﬁrst time, a preconditioning method based on the ﬁlter-bank and wavelet transforms is used to facilitate the iterative solution of this system. As the ﬁrst step in the performance investigation of this preconditioner in the simulation of semiconductor devices, we apply it to the modiﬁed Poisson’s equation in Drift-Diffusion model. Numerical results show that the condition number are signiﬁcantly reduced and convergence rate is increased. The most important advantage of this preconditioner rather than the other preconditioners is its low computational complexity which can be reduced to O(N).
Kultur normaler humaner Bronchialepithelzellen und ihre toxikologische Anwendungsprüfung
Creators: name: Stock, Thomas Wilhelm Bernhard
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2002
Subjects: Elektronische Publikation
Hochschulschrift
Zsfassung in engl. Sprache

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt die Etablierung einer primären Explantationskultur normaler humaner Bronchialepithelzellen als Modell der epithelialen Auskleidung des Bron-chialbaumes. Im Rahmen der Charakterisierung der Zellkultur wurde die bronchoepitheliale Originarität der ausgewachsenen Zellen auf drei verschiedenen Ebenen befundet: in der Elektronenmikro-skopie, Immunhistochemie und Westernblotanalytik. Die Reinheit der Kultur normaler humaner Bronchialepithelzellen >95% wurde belegt. Damit ist die Interpretation von Daten für die Bronchialepithelzellen gewährleistet. Bei der Detektion fremdstoffmetabolisierender Enzyme konnte für das CYP2E1-Protein eine Niederregulierung in der Kultur verzeichnet werden. Die Expression der mRNA des CYP2E1 und weiterer CYP-Isoformen verwies auf interindividuelle Unterschiede. Durch Ethanolinduktion konnte eine CYP2E1-Stabilisierung erreicht werden. Dies wurde im Chlor-zoxazonassay durch den CYP2E1-spezifischen Umsatz von CLX zu 6-OH-CLX demonstriert. Der Nachweis einer direkten Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung bei Inkubation eines komplexen Stoffgemisches an Bronchialepithelzellen veranschaulichte im Cometassay die Eignung unseres Modells zur Untersuchung gentoxischer Fragestellungen.
description: This paper describes the establishing of a primary explantation culture of normal human bronchial epithelial cells as a model of the epithelial tissue of the bronchial tree. The bronchoepithelial originarity of the explanted cells was proved using three different methods: electron microscopic investigation, immunohistochemistry and in westernblot analyis. The purity of cultured normal human bronchial epithelial cells >95% was demonstrated. Therefore, the interpretation of the data for the bronchial epithelial cells is ensured. While detecting metabolizing enzymes a downregulation of CYP2E1-protein in cell culture was registrated. Interindividual differences were proved in the mRNA-expression of CYP2E1 and other isoforms. A CYP2E1-stabilisation was reached through induction with ethanol. This was demonstrated by the CYP2E1-specific change of CLX into 6-OH-CLX, in the chlorzoxazon assay. The suitability of the used cell model for genotoxical investigations was proved by demonstration of the concentration-to-effect-relationship in the comet assay after incubation of bronchial epithelial cells with the complex mixture.
Weak lensing B-modes on all scales as a probe of local isotropy
Creators: name: Pitrou, Cyril
name: Uzan, Jean-Philippe
name: Pereira, Thiago S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article derives a multipolar hierarchy for the propagation of the weak-lensing shear and convergence in a general spacetime. The origin of B-modes, in particular on large angular scales, is related to the local isotropy of space. Known results assuming a Friedmann-Lemaître background are naturally recovered. The example of a Bianchi I spacetime illustrates our formalism and its implications for future observations are stressed.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. Replaced to match published version