Epidesmiinae Murillo-Ramos, Brehm &amp; Sihvonen 2019, newsubfamily
Creators: name: Murillo-Ramos, Leidys
name: Brehm, Gunnar
name: Sihvonen, Pasi
name: Hausmann, Axel
name: Holm, Sille
name: Ghanavi, Hamid Reza
name: Õunap, Erki
name: Truuverk, Andro
name: Staude, Hermann
name: Friedrich, Egbert
name: Tammaru, Toomas
name: Wahlberg, Niklas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae

description: <b>Epidesmiinae</b> Murillo-Ramos, Brehm &amp; Sihvonen <b>newsubfamily</b> LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:34D1E8F7-99F1-4914-8E12-0110459C2040 Type genus: <i>Epidesmia</i> Duncan &amp; Westwood, 1841. Material examined: Taxa included in the molecular phylogeny: <i>Ecphyas holopsara</i> Turner, 1929, <i>Systatica xanthastis</i> Lower, 1894, <i>Adeixis griseata</i> Hudson, 1903, <i>Dichromodes indicataria</i> Walker, 1866, <i>Phrixocomes</i> sp. Turner, 1930, <i>Abraxaphantes perampla</i> Swinhoe, 1890, <i>Epidesmia chilonaria</i> (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855), <i>Phrataria replicataria</i> Walker, 1866. Most of the slender-bodied Oenochrominae, excluded from Oenochrominae <i>s.str</i>. by <i>Holloway (1996)</i>, were recovered as an independent lineage (Fig. 4) that consists of two clades: <i>Ec. holopsara</i> + <i>S. xanthastis</i> and <i>Ep. chilonaria</i> + five other genera. Branch support values from IQ-TREE strongly support the monophyly of this clade (SH-like and UFBoot2 = 100), while in RAxML the clade is moderately supported (RBS = 89). These genera have earlier been assigned to Oenochrominae <i>s.l</i>. (<i>Scoble &amp; Edwards, 1990</i>). However, we recovered the group as a well-supported lineage independent from Oenochrominae <i>s.str</i>. and transfer them to Epidesmiinae, subfam. n. (Table 2). Phylogenetic position: Epidesmiinae is sister to Oenochrominae <i>s.str</i>. + <i>Eumelea</i> + Geometrinae + Ennominae. Short description of Epidesmiinae: Antennae in males unipectinate (exception: <i>Adeixis</i>), shorter towards the apex. Pectination moderate or long. Thorax and abdomen slender (unlike in Oenochrominae). Forewings with sinuous postmedial line and areole present. Forewings planiform (with wings lying flat on the substrate) in resting position, held like a triangle and cover the hindwings. Diagnosis of Epidesmiinae: The genera included in this subfamily form a strongly supported clade with DNA sequence data from the following gene regions (exemplar <i>Epidesmia chilonaria</i> (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)) ArgK (MK738299), Ca-ATPase (MK738690), CAD (MK738960), COI (MK739187), EF1a (MK740168), GAPDH (MK740402), MDH (MK740974) and Nex9 (MK741433). Athorough morphological investigation of the subfamily, including diagnostic characters, is under preparation. Distribution: Most genera are distributed in the Australian region, with some species ranging into the Oriental region. <i>Abraxaphantes</i> occurs exclusively in the Oriental region.
description: Published as part of <i>Murillo-Ramos, Leidys, Brehm, Gunnar, Sihvonen, Pasi, Hausmann, Axel, Holm, Sille, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Õunap, Erki, Truuverk, Andro, Staude, Hermann, Friedrich, Egbert, Tammaru, Toomas &amp; Wahlberg, Niklas, 2019, A comprehensive molecular phylogeny of Geometridae (Lepidoptera) with a focus on enigmatic small subfamilies, pp. 1-39 in PeerJ 7</i> on page 22, DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7386, http://zenodo.org/record/5767530
description: {"references": ["Holloway J. 1996. The moths of Borneo, part 9: Geometridae (incl. Orthostixini), Oenochrominae, Desmobathrinae, Geometrinae. Ennominae Malayan Nature Journal 49: 147 - 326.", "Scoble MJ, Edwards ED. 1990. Parepisparis Bethune-Baker and the composition of the Oenochrominae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Entomologica Scandinavica 20 (4): 371 - 399 DOI 10.1163 / 187631289 X 00375."]}