cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Hat sich die medikamentöse Therapie des Benignen Prostatasyndroms in den letzten Jahren verändert? Eine vergleichende Analyse der Zeiträume 2005-2011 und 2012-2017 anhand der Datenbank des Dachverbandes der Prostatazentren Deutschlands e.V. (D.V.P.Z.)
Creators: name: Herden, Jan
name: Ebert, Thomas
name: Schlager, Daniel
name: Diederichs, Wolfgang
name: Zumbé, Jürgen
name: Braun, Moritz
name: Sommerfeld, Hans-Jürgen
name: Schafhauser, Wolfgang
name: Kriegmair, Martin
name: Garcia-Schürmann, Miguel
name: Distler, Florian
name: Baur, Helmut
name: Oberpenning, Frank
name: Reimann, Michael
name: Elert, Achim
name: Höfner, Klaus
name: Laabs, Sven
name: Planz, Bernhardt
name: Gronau, Eckart
name: Platz, Guido
name: Buse, Stephan
name: Jones, Jon
name: Haupt, Gerald
name: Heidenreich, Axel
name: Rübben, Herbert
name: Schultze-Seemann, Werner
name: Weib, Peter
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Bedingt durch die Zulassung neuerer Substanzen wurde das Behandlungsspektrum der medikamentösen Therapie des Benignen Prostatasyndroms (BPS) in den letzten Jahren erweitert. Derzeit stehen fünf Substanzklassen zur Verfügung: Alphablocker, 5-Alpha-Reduktaseinhibitoren (5-ARI),[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
Seatbelt use among bus passengers in Ghana: observed versus self-reported measures
Creators: name: Okyere, Paul
name: Agyei-Baffour, P.
name: Harris, M. J.
name: Mock, C.
name: Yankson, I. K.
name: Donkor, P.
name: Owusu-Dabo, E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Many road traffic injuries in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are to bus passengers. We sought to determine the availability, functionality, and observed vs. self-reported use of seatbelts in large intercity buses in Ghana. We observed seatbelt use for 1,184 passengers in 35 large intercity buses. We interviewed a separate group of 633 bus passengers. All buses observed had seatbelts and most (92.6%) were functional. A little over a fifth (21.6%) of passengers were observed to wear seatbelts. However, 34.5% of passengers in the self-reported survey indicated always wearing seatbelts when riding in buses. Passengers on 5 buses out of the 35 observed where the driver verbally prompted them to wear seatbelts were more likely (57.8%) to wear seatbelts than on the other buses (15.3%, p = 0.001). Comparing the self-reported survey with observations, passengers tended to overinflate seatbelt use by a factor of 1.6. This study provides useful information for efforts to increase and monitor seatbelt use among large intercity bus passengers in LMICs. Supplemental data for this article is available online at
Polyharmonic Green Functions and Nonlocal BMS Transformations of a Free Scalar Field
Creators: name: Batlle, Carles
name: Campello, Victor
name: Gomis, Joaquim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We express the nonlocal BMS charges of a free massless Klein-Gordon scalar field in 2+1 in terms of the Green functions of the polyharmonic operators. Using the properties of these Green functions, we are able to discuss the asymptotic behaviour of the fields that ensures the existence of the charges, and prove that one obtains a realization of the 2+1 BMS algebra in canonical phase space. We also discuss the transformations in configuration space, and show that in this case the algebra closes only up to skew-symmetric combinations of the equations of motion. The formulation of the charges, in terms of Green functions, opens the way to the generalization of the formalism to other dimensions and systems.
The Three Hundred project: A Machine Learning method to infer clusters of galaxies mass radial profiles from mock Sunyaev-Zel'dovich maps
Creators: name: Ferragamo, A.
name: de Andres, D.
name: Sbriglio, A.
name: Cui, W.
name: De Petris, M.
name: Yepes, G.
name: Dupuis, R.
name: Jarraya, M.
name: Lahouli, I.
name: De Luca, F.
name: Gianfagna, G.
name: Rasia, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a machine learning algorithm to infer the 3D cumulative radial profiles of total and gas mass in galaxy clusters from thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect maps. We generate around 73,000 mock images along various lines of sight using 2,522 simulated clusters from the \thethreehundred{} project at redshift $z< 0.12$ and train a model that combines an autoencoder and a random forest. Without making any prior assumptions about the hydrostatic equilibrium of the clusters, the model is capable of reconstructing the total mass profile as well as the gas mass profile, which is responsible for the SZ effect. We show that the recovered profiles are unbiased with a scatter of about $10\%$, slightly increasing towards the core and the outskirts of the cluster. We selected clusters in the mass range of $10^{13.5} \leq M_{200} /(\hMsun) \leq 10^{15.5}$, spanning different dynamical states, from relaxed to disturbed halos. We verify that both the accuracy and precision of this method show a slight dependence on the dynamical state, but not on the cluster mass. To further verify the consistency of our model, we fit the inferred total mass profiles with an NFW model and contrast the concentration values with those of the true profiles. We note that the inferred profiles are unbiased for higher concentration values, reproducing a trustworthy mass-concentration relation. The comparison with a widely used mass estimation technique, such as hydrostatic equilibrium, demonstrates that our method recovers the total mass that is not biased by non-thermal motions of the gas.
description: Accepted for publication on Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 8 pages, 10 figures
Benchmarking preconditioned boundary integral formulations for acoustics
Creators: name: Wout, Elwin van 't
name: Haqshenas, Seyyed R.
name: Gélat, Pierre
name: Betcke, Timo
name: Saffari, Nader
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The boundary element method (BEM) is an efficient numerical method for simulating harmonic wave propagation. It uses boundary integral formulations of the Helmholtz equation at the interfaces of piecewise homogeneous domains. The discretisation of its weak formulation leads to a dense system of linear equations, which is typically solved with an iterative linear method such as GMRES. The application of BEM to simulating wave propagation through large-scale geometries is only feasible when compression and preconditioning techniques reduce the computational footprint. Furthermore, many different boundary integral equations exist that solve the same boundary value problem. The choice of preconditioner and boundary integral formulation is often optimised for a specific configuration, depending on the geometry, material characteristics, and driving frequency. On the one hand, the design flexibility for the BEM can lead to fast and accurate schemes. On the other hand, efficient and robust algorithms are difficult to achieve without expert knowledge of the BEM intricacies. This study surveys the design of boundary integral formulations for acoustics and their acceleration with operator preconditioners. Extensive benchmarks provide valuable information on the computational characteristics of several hundred different models for multiple reflection and transmission of acoustic waves.
title: Technik der arteriellen Prostataembolisation (PAE): Ein Leitfaden Schritt für Schritt
Creators: name: Schmid, Hans-Peter
name: Hechelhammer, Lukas
name: Arbelaez, Emilio
name: Mordasini, Livio
name: Abt, Dominik
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Die prostatic artery embolization (PAE) wird aktuell als eine minimalinvasive Alternative für die Behandlung der Symptome des unteren Harntraktes (LUTS)/BPH diskutiert. Das Ziel dieses Videos ist die schrittweise Beschreibung der PAE. Methode: MRT oder CT des Beckens sind wichtig,[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
Nuclear structure beyond the neutron drip line: the lowest energy states in $^9$He via their T=5/2 isobaric analogs in $^9$Li
Creators: name: Uberseder, E.
name: Rogachev, G. V.
name: Goldberg, V. Z.
name: Koshchiy, E.
name: Roeder, B. T.
name: Alcorta, M.
name: Chubarian, G.
name: Davids, B.
name: Fu, C.
name: Hooker, J.
name: Jayatissa, H.
name: Melconian, D.
name: Tribble, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The level structure of the very neutron rich and unbound $^9$He nucleus has been the subject of significant experimental and theoretical study. Many recent works have claimed that the two lowest energy $^9$He states exist with spins $J^π=1/2^+$ and $J^π=1/2^-$ and widths on the order of hundreds of keV. These findings cannot be reconciled with our contemporary understanding of nuclear structure. The present work is the first high-resolution study with low statistical uncertainty of the relevant excitation energy range in the $^8$He$+n$ system, performed via a search for the T=5/2 isobaric analog states in $^9$Li populated through $^8$He+p elastic scattering. The present data show no indication of any narrow structures. Instead, we find evidence for a broad $J^π=1/2^+$ state in $^9$He located approximately 3 MeV above the neutron decay threshold.
An exactly solvable travelling wave equation in the Fisher-KPP class
Creators: name: Brunet, Éric
name: Derrida, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a simple one dimensional lattice version of a travelling wave equation, we obtain an exact relation between the initial condition and the position of the front at any later time. This exact relation takes the form of an inverse problem: given the times $t_n$ at which the travelling wave reaches the positions $n$, one can deduce the initial profile. We show, by means of complex analysis, that a number of known properties of travelling wave equations in the Fisher-KPP class can be recovered, in particular Bramson's shifts of the positions. We also recover and generalize Ebert-van Saarloos' corrections depending on the initial condition.
description: For version 2: some typos + clarification of (87)
Anthropological contributions to historical ecology: 50 questions, infinite prospects
Creators: name: Armstrong, Chelsey Geralda
name: Sinclair, Paul
name: Morales, Erendira Quintana
name: Anderson, Eugene N.
name: Szabó, Péter
name: Gibbons, Kevin S.
name: Nabess, Carly
name: Walshaw, Sarah
name: LeCompte, Joyce K.
name: Marks-Block, Tony
name: Ekblom, Anneli
name: Vamosi, Jana C.
name: Boles, Oliver J.
name: Crumley, Carole L.
name: Petek, Nik
name: Ibragimow, Aleksandra
name: Shoemaker, Anna C.
name: Lane, Paul J.
name: McKechnie, Iain
name: McAlvay, Alex C.
name: Podruczny, Grzegorz
name: Awâsis, Sakihitowin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: This paper presents the results of a consensus-driven process identifying 50 priority research questions for historical ecology obtained through crowdsourcing, literature reviews, and in-person workshopping. A deliberative approach was designed to maximize discussion and debate with defined outcomes. Two in-person workshops (in Sweden and Canada) over the course of two years and online discussions were peer facilitated to define specific key questions for historical ecology from anthropological and archaeological perspectives. The aim of this research is to showcase the variety of questions that reflect the broad scope for historical-ecological research trajectories across scientific disciplines. Historical ecology encompasses research concerned with decadal, centennial, and millennial human-environmental interactions, and the consequences that those relationships have in the formation of contemporary landscapes. Six interrelated themes arose from our consensus-building workshop model: (1) climate and environmental change and variability; (2) multi-scalar, multi-disciplinary; (3) biodiversity and community ecology; (4) resource and environmental management and governance; (5) methods and applications; and (6) communication and policy. The 50 questions represented by these themes highlight meaningful trends in historical ecology that distill the field down to three explicit findings. First, historical ecology is fundamentally an applied research program. Second, this program seeks to understand long-term human-environment interactions with a focus on avoiding, mitigating, and reversing adverse ecological effects. Third, historical ecology is part of convergent trends toward transdisciplinary research science, which erodes scientific boundaries between the cultural and natural.
Large-Scale Synthesis of Nanosilica from Silica Sand for Plant Stimulant Applications
Creators: name: Hoang, CV
name: Thoai, DN
name: Cam, NTD
name: Phuong, TTT
name: Lieu, NT
name: Hien, TTT
name: Nhiem, DN
name: Pham, TD
name: Tung, MHT
name: Tran, NTT
name: Mechler, Adam
name: Vo, Quan Van
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4004
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
classificationCode: 3403
subject: Macromolecular and materials chemistry
classificationCode: 3406
subject: Physical chemistry

description: Nanosilica is a versatile nanomaterial suitable as, e.g., drug carriers in medicine, fillers in polymers, and fertilizer/pesticide carriers and potentially a bioavailable source of silicon in agriculture. The enhanced biological activity of nanosilica over quartz sand has been noted before; it is directly related to the altered physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles compared to those of the bulk material. Therefore, it is feasible to use nanosilica as a form of plant stimulant. Nanosilica synthesis is a relatively cheap routine process on the laboratory scale; however, it is not easily scalable. Largely for this reason, studies of nanosilica fertilizers are scarce. This study will focus on industrial-scale silica nanoparticle production and the application of nanosilica as a plant stimulant in maize. A variant of the sol-gel method is used to successfully synthesize nanosilica particles starting from silica sand. The resulting particles are in the size range of 16-37 nm with great purity. The potential of nanosilica as a plant stimulant is demonstrated with the increased quantity and quality of maize crops.
On the microscopic origin of Soret coefficient minima in liquid mixtures
Creators: name: Gittus, Oliver R.
name: Bresme, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temperature gradients induce mass separation in mixtures in a process called thermodiffusion and quantified by the Soret coefficient. The existence of minima in the Soret coefficient of aqueous solutions was controversial until fairly recently, where a combination of experiments and simulations provided evidence for the existence of this physical phenomenon. However, the physical origin of the minima and more importantly its generality, e.g. in non-aqueous liquid mixtures, is still an outstanding question. We report the existence of a minimum in liquid mixtures of non-polar liquids modelled as Lennard-Jones mixtures, demonstrating the generality of this phenomenon. The Soret coefficient minimum originates from a coincident minimum in the thermodynamic factor, and hence denotes a maximimzation of non-ideality mixing conditions. We explain the microscopic origin of this effect in terms of the atomic coordination structure of the mixtures.
title: Trunkierte Proteine als Marker in der Fertilitätsdiagnostik
Creators: name: von Brandenstein, Melanie
name: Funke, Timo
name: Köditz, Barbara
name: Fries, Jochen
name: Herden, Jan
name: Paffenholz, Pia
name: Salem, Johannes
name: Heidenreich, Axel
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Vimentin ist ein Strukturprotein, welches insbesondere im Kopf von Spermien lokalisiert ist. Ein Einfluss auf die mitochondriale Funktion in Spermien wurde bereits beschrieben. Funktion und Lokalisation der bereits identifizierten trunkierten Variante, Vim3, sind bisher unbekannt. MAPK p38[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
A new resonance-like feature in the outer disc of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Drimmel, Ronald
name: Khanna, Shourya
name: D'Onghia, Elena
name: Tepper-García, Thorsten
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Chemin, Laurent
name: Ripepi, Vincenzo
name: Romero-Gómez, Mercé
name: Ramos, Pau
name: Poggio, Eloisa
name: Andrae, Rene
name: Blomme, Ronny
name: Cantat-Gaudin, Tristan
name: Castro-Ginard, Alfred
name: Clementini, Gisella
name: Fiqueras, Francesca
name: Frémat, Yves
name: Fouesneau, Morgan
name: Lobel, Alex
name: Marshall, Douglas
name: Muraveva, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern astrometric and spectroscopic surveys have revealed a wealth of structure in the phase space of stars in the Milky Way, with evidence of resonance features and non-equilibrium processes. Using Gaia's third data release, we present evidence of a new resonance-like feature in the outer disc of the Milky Way. The feature is most evident in the angular momentum distribution of the young Classical Cepheids, a population for which we can derive accurate distances over much of the Galactic disc. We then search for similar features in the outer disc using a much larger sample of red giant stars, as well as a compiled list of over 31 million stars with spectroscopic line-of-sight velocity measurements. While much less evident in these two older samples, the distribution of stars in action-configuration space suggests that resonance features are present here as well. The position of the feature in action-configuration space suggests that the new feature may be related to the Galactic bar, but other possibilities are discussed.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, in press for A&A
Approaches to detect genetic effects that differ between two strata in genome-wide meta-analyses: Recommendations based on a systematic evaluation
Creators: name: Winkler, Thomas W.
name: Kronenberg, Florian
name: Justice, Anne E.
name: Cupples, L. Adrienne
name: Kutalik, Zoltán
name: Heid, Iris M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Genome-wide association meta-analyses (GWAMAs) conducted separately by two strata have identified differences in genetic effects between strata, such as sex-differences for body fat distribution. However, there are several approaches to identify such differences and an uncertainty which approach to use. Assuming the availability of stratified GWAMA results, we compare various approaches to identify between-strata differences in genetic effects. We evaluate type I error and power via simulations and analytical comparisons for different scenarios of strata designs and for different types of between-strata differences. For strata of equal size, we find that the genome-wide test for difference without any filtering is the best approach to detect stratum-specific genetic effects with opposite directions, while filtering for overall association followed by the difference test is best to identify effects that are predominant in one stratum. When there is no a priori hypothesis on the type of difference, a combination of both approaches can be recommended. Some approaches violate type I error control when conducted in the same data set. For strata of unequal size, the best approach depends on whether the genetic effect is predominant in the larger or in the smaller stratum. Based on real data from GIANT (>175 000 individuals), we exemplify the impact of the approaches on the detection of sex-differences for body fat distribution (identifying up to 10 loci). Our recommendations provide tangible guidelines for future GWAMAs that aim at identifying between-strata differences. A better understanding of such effects will help pinpoint the underlying mechanisms.
Spatiotemporal Deformable Scene Graphs for Complex Activity Detection
Creators: name: Khan, Salman
name: Cuzzolin, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Long-term complex activity recognition and localisation can be crucial for decision making in autonomous systems such as smart cars and surgical robots. Here we address the problem via a novel deformable, spatiotemporal scene graph approach, consisting of three main building blocks: (i) action tube detection, (ii) the modelling of the deformable geometry of parts, and (iii) a graph convolutional network. Firstly, action tubes are detected in a series of snippets. Next, a new 3D deformable RoI pooling layer is designed for learning the flexible, deformable geometry of the constituent action tubes. Finally, a scene graph is constructed by considering all parts as nodes and connecting them based on different semantics such as order of appearance, sharing the same action label and feature similarity. We also contribute fresh temporal complex activity annotation for the recently released ROAD autonomous driving and SARAS-ESAD surgical action datasets and show the adaptability of our framework to different domains. Our method is shown to significantly outperform graph-based competitors on both augmented datasets.
description: This paper is published at BMVC 2021
Detection of Atmospheric Escape from Four Young Mini Neptunes
Creators: name: Zhang, Michael
name: Knutson, Heather A.
name: Dai, Fei
name: Wang, Lile
name: Ricker, George R.
name: Schwarz, Richard P.
name: Mann, Christopher
name: Collins, Karen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Keck/NIRSPEC to survey a sample of of young ($<$1 Gyr), short period mini Neptunes orbiting nearby K dwargs to measure their mass loss via the metastable helium line. We detect helium absorption from all four of the targets in our initial sample. The first detection, around TOI 560b, was announced in a previous paper. We now announce three additional detections around TOI 1430.01, 2076b, and TOI 1683.01. All four planets show an average in-transit excess absorption of 0.7--1.0%. However, the outflows differ in their kinematic properties. TOI 1430b exhibits pre-ingress absorption, while TOI 2076b's outflow is exceptionally optically thick and shows significant post-egress absorption. For all four planets, the width of the measured helium absorption signal is consistent with expectations for a photoevaporative outflow (10--30 km/s, 5000--10,000 K). Unless broadening mechanisms other than thermal velocity and the bulk outflow velocity are significant, our observations disfavor core-powered mass loss models, which predict much slower (1--3 km/s) outflows. We utilize both an isothermal Parker wind model and an order-of-magnitude method to estimate the mass loss timescale, and obtain $\sim$ a few hundred Myr for each planet. We conclude that many, if not all, of these planets will lose their hydrogen-rich envelopes and become super Earths. Our results demonstrate that most mini Neptunes orbiting sun-like stars have primordial atmospheres, and that photoevaporation is an efficient mechanism for stripping these atmospheres and transforming these planets into super Earths.
description: Final version, accepted by Astronomical Journal
Semiclassical resonance asymptotics for the delta potential on the half line
Creators: name: Datchev, Kiril
name: Malawo, Nkhalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We compute resonance width asymptotics for the delta potential on the half-line, by deriving a formula for resonances in terms of the Lambert W function and applying a series expansion. This potential is a simple model of a thin barrier, motivated by physical problems such as quantum corrals and leaky quantum graphs.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Effect of a soft exosuit on daily life gait performance in people with incomplete spinal cord injury: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Visch, L.
name: Groen, B. E.
name: Geurts, A. C. H.
name: van Nes, I. J. W.
name: Keijsers, N. L. W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Superconducting Noncontact Device for Precision Positioning in Cryogenic Environments
Creators: name: Perez-Diaz, Jose Luis
name: Valiente-Blanco, Ignacio
name: Diez-Jimenez, Efren
name: Sanchez-Garcia-Casarrubios, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a noncontact linear positioner based on superconducting magnetic levitation for high-precision positioning has been tested under cryogenic conditions
description: Accepted paper after embargo period
Note on the $q$-Logarithmic Sobolev and $p$-Talagrand Inequalities on Carnot Groups
Creators: name: Dagher, Esther Bou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E30, 26D10, 39B62

description: In the setting of Carnot groups, we prove the $q-$Logarithmic Sobolev inequality for probability measures as a function of the Carnot-Carathéodory distance. As an application, we use the Hamilton-Jacobi equation in the setting of Carnot groups to prove the $p-$Talagrand inequality and hypercontractivity.
description: 16 pages
CBS News Poll: 2016 Presidential Campaign/Clinton/Trump
Creators: name: CBS News
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: 2016 presidential election (1); 2016 presidential campaign (2); likely presidential vote (1); presidential candidates (10); Hillary Clinton (5); Tim Kaine (2); Donald Trump (5); Gary Johnson (2); Jill Stein (2); voter enthusiasm (1); US House of Representatives election (1); Trump vs. Clinton qualities/characteristics (12); Trump vs. Clinton on handling issues (12); national economy (1); most likely candidate to win (1); Trump’s alleged activities involving unwanted sexual advances against women (2); FBI investigation of Clinton emails (2); Clinton’s paid speeches to Wall Street firms (2); Bill Clinton’s past extramarital activities (1); presidential debate between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump (4); Democratic nomination for President (1); Republican nomination for President (1); 2012 presidential election (1); registered to vote (1); personal finances (1); political party preference (2).
High-resolution ion pulse ionization chamber with air filling for the Rn-222 decays detection
Creators: name: Gavrilyuk, Yu. M.
name: Gangapshev, A. M.
name: Gezhaev, A. M.
name: Etezov, R. A.
name: Kazalov, V. V.
name: Kuzminov, V. V.
name: Panasenko, S. I.
name: Ratkevich, S. S.
name: Tekueva, D. A.
name: Yakimenko, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The construction and characteristics of the cylindrical ion pulse ionization chamber (CIPIC) with a working volume of 3.2 L are described. The chamber is intended to register alpha-particles from the $^{222}$Rn and its daughter's decays in the filled air sample. The detector is less sensitive to electromagnetic pick-ups and mechanical noises. The digital pulse processing method is proposed to improve the energy resolution of the ion pulse ionization chamber. An energy resolution of 1.6% has been achieved for the 5.49 MeV alpha-line. The dependence of the energy resolution on high voltage and working media pressure has been investigated and the results are presented.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, submitted to NIM A
In-situ uniaxial pressure cell for X-ray and neutron scattering experiments
Creators: name: Simutis, G.
name: Bollhalder, A.
name: Zolliker, M.
name: Küspert, J.
name: Wang, Q.
name: Das, D.
name: Van Leeuwen, F.
name: Ivashko, O.
name: Gutowski, O.
name: Philippe, J.
name: Kracht, T.
name: Glaevecke, P.
name: Adachi, T.
name: Von Zimmermann, M.
name: Van Petegem, S.
name: Luetkens, H.
name: Guguchia, Z.
name: Chang, J.
name: Sassa, Y.
name: Bartkowiak, M.
name: Janoschek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an in-situ uniaxial pressure device optimized for small angle X-ray and neutron scattering experiments at low-temperatures and high magnetic fields. A stepper motor generates force, which is transmitted to the sample via a rod with integrated transducer that continuously monitors the force. The device has been designed to generate forces up to 200 N in both compressive and tensile configurations and a feedback control allows operating the system in a continuous-pressure mode as the temperature is changed. The uniaxial pressure device can be used for various instruments and multiple cryostats through simple and exchangeable adapters. It is compatible with multiple sample holders, which can be easily changed depending on the sample properties and the desired experiment and allow rapid sample changes.
Stochastic convergence in per capita CO$_2$ emissions. An approach from nonlinear stationarity analysis
Creators: name: Presno, María José
name: Landajo, Manuel
name: González, Paula Fernández
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper studies stochastic convergence of per capita CO$_2$ emissions in 28 OECD countries for the 1901-2009 period. The analysis is carried out at two aggregation levels, first for the whole set of countries (joint analysis) and then separately for developed and developing states (group analysis). A powerful time series methodology, adapted to a nonlinear framework that allows for quadratic trends with possibly smooth transitions between regimes, is applied. This approach provides more robust conclusions in convergence path analysis, enabling (a) robust detection of the presence, and if so, the number of changes in the level and/or slope of the trend of the series, (b) inferences on stationarity of relative per capita CO$_2$ emissions, conditionally on the presence of breaks and smooth transitions between regimes, and (c) estimation of change locations in the convergence paths. Finally, as stochastic convergence is attained when both stationarity around a trend and $β$-convergence hold, the linear approach proposed by Tomljanovich and Vogelsang (2002) is extended in order to allow for more general quadratic models. Overall, joint analysis finds some evidence of stochastic convergence in per capita CO$_2$ emissions. Some dispersion in terms of $β$-convergence is detected by group analysis, particularly among developed countries. This is in accordance with per capita GDP not being the sole determinant of convergence in emissions, with factors like search for more efficient technologies, fossil fuel substitution, innovation, and possibly outsources of industries, also having a crucial role.
description: This manuscript is an early version of Presno, M.J., Landajo, M., and P. Fernandez Gonzalez (2018): ''Stochastic convergence in per capita CO2 emissions. An approach from nonlinear stationarity analysis,'' Energy Economics, Vol. 70, pp. 563-58. The final version of the paper is available from the Journal's web page
title: Tactile imaging : the requirements to transition from screening to diagnosis of breast cancer - a concise review of current capabilities and strategic direction
Creators: name: Hampson, R.
name: Anderson, R. G.
name: Dobie, G.
Publisher: name: University of Strathclyde
Year: 2022

description: This paper presents a review of Tactile Imaging, a developing technology for breast cancer screening finding traction in the marketplace. The paper identifies the necessary steps required to develop the technology from a screening method to the point where stand-alone diagnosis of suspected breast lesions can be performed without the need for a secondary care referral for a mammogram or biopsy. The relevant literature on Tactile Imaging is reviewed and current capabilities in academia are compared with those implemented in industry before being cross referenced with the metrics for breast cancer diagnosis. Tactile Imaging in academia has been shown to be capable of binary lesion classification and has seen extensive development, to where benign biopsy rates could be reduced by 23%. This has not been mirrored in the marketplace however, where market inertia relegates such systems to early warning screening only as an adjunct to mammography. Additionally, for detailed subclass diagnosis of breast conditions, more metrics are required than is currently available from Tactile Imaging at present. A detailed scheme of work is provided to achieve this. The additional metrics required for stand-alone diagnostics using Tactile Imaging are: background breast elasticity, lesion position on the breast, and lesion depth. These can estimate the lesion constituents and thus the histological diagnosis.
Siena College Research Institute Poll: June 2018 Siena New York Poll
Creators: name: Siena College Research Institute
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Direction of New York State (1); direction of United States (1); favorable/unfavorable opinion of person or institution (17); likely to vote in General Election (1); Democratic primary Governor vote (1); Democratic primary Attorney General vote (1); 2018 election for Governor vote (2); 2018 election for United States Senator vote (1); 2018 election for New York State Comptroller vote (1); Governor Andrew Cuomo job performance (1); Andrew Cuomo political ideology (1); Cynthia Nixon political ideology (1); Marc Molinaro political ideology (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1); Member of Congress vote (1); Member of the State Senate vote (1); Member of the State Assembly vote (1); party to control the House of Representatives (1); party to control the New York State Senate (1).
Characterizing Superradiant Phase of the Quantum Rabi Model
Creators: name: Yang, Yun-Tong
name: Luo, Hong-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a superradiant phase transition first predicted theoretically in the quantum Rabi model (QRM) has been verified experimentally. This further stimulates the interest in the study of the process of phase transition and the nature of the superradiant phase since the fundamental role of the QRM in describing the interaction of light and matter, and more importantly, the QRM contains rich physics deserving further exploration despite its simplicity. Here we propose a scheme consisting of two successive diagonalization to accurately obtain the ground-state and excited states wavefunctions of the QRM in full parameter regime ranging from weak to deep-strong couplings. Thus one is able to see how the phase transition happens and how the photons populate in Fock space of the superradiant phase. We characterize the photon populations by borrowing the distribution concept in random matrix theory and find that the photon population follows a Poissonian-like distribution once the phase transition happens and further exhibits the statistics of Gaussian unitary ensemble as increasing coupling strength. More interestingly, the photons in the excited states behave even like the statistics of Gaussian orthogonal ensemble. Our results not only deepen understanding on the superradiant phase transition but also provide an insight on the nature of the superradiant phase of the QRM and related models.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures plus SM
Modular generalized Springer correspondence: an overview
Creators: name: Achar, Pramod N.
name: Henderson, Anthony
name: Juteau, Daniel
name: Riche, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 17B08, 20G05

description: This is an overview of our series of papers on the modular generalized Springer correspondence. It is an expansion of a lecture given by the second author in the Fifth Conference of the Tsinghua Sanya International Mathematics Forum, Sanya, December 2014, as part of the Master Lecture `Algebraic Groups and their Representations' Workshop honouring G. Lusztig. The material that has not appeared in print before includes some discussion of the motivating idea of modular character sheaves, and heuristic remarks about geometric functors of parabolic induction and restriction.
description: 19 pages. Version 2 includes more examples and tables in Section 6
Area-level poverty, race/ethnicity & dialysis star ratings
Creators: name: Kshirsagar, Abhijit V.
name: Chin, Andrew I.
name: Manickam, Raj N.
name: Mu, Yi
name: Flythe, Jennifer E.
name: Bang, Heejung
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services recently released a five star rating system as part of ‘Dialysis Facility Compare’ to help patients identify and choose high performing clinics in the US. Eight dialysis-related measures determine ratings. Little is known about the association between surrounding community sociodemographic characteristics and star ratings. Using data from the U.S. Census and over 6000 dialysis clinics across the country, we examined the association between dialysis clinic star ratings and characteristics of the local population: 1) proportion of population below the federal poverty level (FPL); 2) proportion of black individuals; and 3) proportion of Hispanic individuals, by correlation and regression analyses. Secondary analyses with Quality Incentive Program (QIP) scores and population characteristics were also performed. We observed a negligible correlation between star ratings and the proportion of local individuals below FPL; Spearman coefficient, R = -0.09 (p<0.0001), and a stronger correlation between star ratings and the proportion of black individuals; R = -0.21 (p<0.0001). Ordered logistic regression analyses yielded adjusted odds ratio of 0.91 (95% confidence interval [0.80–1.30], p = 0.12) and 0.55 ([0.48–0.63], p<0.0001) for high vs. low level of proportion below FPL and proportion of black individuals, respectively. In contrast, a near-zero correlation was observed between star ratings and the proportion of Hispanic individuals. Correlations varied substantially by country region, clinic profit status and clinic size. Analyses using clinic QIP scores provided similar results. Sociodemographic characteristics of the surrounding community, factors typically outside of providers’ direct control, have varying levels of association with clinic dialysis star ratings.
Entanglement enhanced metrology with quantum many-body scars
Creators: name: Dooley, Shane
name: Pappalardi, Silvia
name: Goold, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although entanglement is a key resource for quantum-enhanced metrology, not all entanglement is useful. For example in the process of many-body thermalisation, bipartite entanglement grows rapidly, naturally saturating to a volume law. This type of entanglement generation is ubiquitous in nature but has no known application in most quantum technologies. The generation, stabilisation and exploitation of genuine multipartite entanglement, on the other hand, is far more elusive yet highly desirable for metrological applications. Recently it has been shown that quantum many-body scars can have extensive multipartite entanglement. However the accessibility of this structure for real application has been so far unclear. In this work, we show how systems containing quantum many-body scars can be used to dynamically generate stable multipartite entanglement, and describe how to exploit this structure for phase estimation with a precision that beats the standard quantum limit. Key to this is a physically motivated modification of a Hamiltonian that generates a variety of multipartite entangled states through the dynamics in the scar subspace.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Stability and numerical analysis of backward problem for subdiffusion with time-dependent coefficients
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhengqi
name: Zhou, Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Our aim is to study the backward problem, i.e. recover the initial data from the terminal observation, of the subdiffusion with time dependent coefficients. First of all, by using the smoothing property of solution operators and a perturbation argument of freezing the diffusion coefficients, we show a stability estimate in Sobolev spaces, under some smallness/largeness condition on the terminal time. Moreover, in case of noisy observation, we apply a quasi-boundary value method to regularize the problem and then show the convergence of the regularization scheme. Finally, to numerically reconstruct the initial data, we propose a completely discrete scheme by applying the finite element method in space and backward Euler convolution quadrature in time. An \textsl{a priori} error estimate is then established. The proof is heavily built on a perturbation argument dealing with time dependent coefficients and some nonstandard error estimates for the direct problem. The error estimate gives a useful guide for balancing discretization parameters, regularization parameter and noise level. Some numerical experiments are presented to illustrate our theoretical results.
description: 25 pages
Assessing infection control practices to protect health care workers and patients in Malawi from nosocomial transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Creators: name: Kazembe, Peter N.
name: Simon, Katherine
name: Munthali, Adamson
name: Hosseinipour, Mina
name: Kim, Maria H.
name: Flick, Robert J.
name: Ahmed, Saeed
name: Mlauzi, Lameck
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) in health settings threatens health care workers and people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. Nosocomial transmission is reduced with implementation of infection control (IC) guidelines. The objective of this study is to describe implementation of TB IC measures in Malawi. We conducted a cross-sectional study utilizing anonymous health worker questionnaires, semi-structured interviews with facility managers, and direct observations at 17 facilities in central Malawi. Of 592 health care workers surveyed, 34% reported that all patients entering the facility were screened for cough and only 8% correctly named the four most common signs and symptoms of TB in adults. Of 33 managers interviewed, 7 (21%) and 1 (3%) provided the correct TB screening questions for use in adults and children, respectively. Of 592 health workers, only 2.4% had been screened for TB in the previous year. Most (90%) reported knowing their HIV status, 53% were tested at their facility of employment, and half reported they would feel comfortable receiving ART or TB treatment at their facility of employment. We conclude that screening is infrequently conducted and knowledge gaps may undercut its effectiveness. Further, health care workers do not routinely access TB and HIV diagnostic and treatment services at their facility of employment.
Composite spin-1 resonances at the LHC
Creators: name: Low, Matthew
name: Tesi, Andrea
name: Wang, Lian-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we discuss the signal of composite spin-1 resonances at the LHC. Motivated by the possible observation of a diboson resonance in the 8 TeV LHC data, we demonstrate that vector resonances from composite Higgs models are able to describe the data. We pay particular attention to the role played by fermion partial compositeness, which is a common feature in composite Higgs models. The parameter space that is both able to account for the diboson excess and passes electroweak precision and flavor tests is explored. Finally, we make projections for signals of such resonances at the 13 TeV run of the LHC.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables; v3: fixed figure 2, updated to journal version
Spectral Functions of Gauge Theories with Banks-Zaks Fixed Points
Creators: name: Kluth, Yannick
name: Litim, Daniel
name: Reichert, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate spectral functions of matter-gauge theories that are asymptotically free in the ultraviolet and display a Banks-Zaks conformal fixed point in the infrared. Using perturbation theory, Callan-Symanzik resummations, and UV-IR connecting renormalisation group trajectories, we analytically determine the gluon, quark, and ghost propagators in the entire complex momentum plane. At weak coupling, we find that a Källén-Lehmann spectral representation of propagators is achieved for all fields, and determine suitable ranges for gauge-fixing parameters. At strong coupling, a proliferation of complex conjugated branch cuts renders a causal representation impossible. We also derive relations for scaling exponents that determine the presence or absence of propagator non-analyticities. Further results include spectral functions for all fields up to five loop order, bounds on the conformal window, and an algorithm to find running gauge coupling analytically at higher loops. Implications of our findings and extensions to other theories are discussed.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures, clarifications added, typos removed, to appear with PRD