Myrciamyia pterandrae V.C. Maia a 2018, sp. n.
Creators: name: Maia, V. C.
name: Flor, I. C.
name: Oliveira, L. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Cecidomyiidae
Myrciamyia
Myrciamyia pterandrae

description: Myrciamyia pterandrae, sp. n. Maia & Flor (Figures 4–17)
Diagnosis. Larva—spatula with anchor-like basis and teeth relatively close to each other, pupa—apical seta short (0.04–0.05 mm long) and prothoracic spiracle of medium length (0.18–0.21 mm long), adults—female flagellomeres with setulose neck and male flagellomeres with bare neck, female circumfila sinuous, male circumfila with all loops similar in length, forelegs with two-toothed tarsal claws and mid and hindlegs with simple claws, male eighth tergite not sclerotized, with only basal pair of trichoid sensilla as vestiture.
Larva. Fusiform and cylindrical body; 2.20–2.51 mm long (n = 3). Integument spiny dorsally. Spatula (Fig. 4): 0.18–0.20 mmlong (n = 2), well developed with basis laterally widened, stalk long, and two teeth relatively close to each other and rounded apically. Two groups of three lateral papillae on each side of spatula (two pairs of setose in each group) (Fig. 4). Terminal segment (Fig. 5): four pairs of corniform papillae similar in length, each on a terminal projection.
Pupa. Body length: 2.00– 2.86 mm (n = 4). Integument slightly sclerotized. Head (Fig. 6): apical setae 0.04–0.05 mmlong (n = 4) (Fig. 7), antennal bases rounded, slightly produced and differentially sclerotized, upper cephalic margin thickened laterally, face smooth, two pairs of lower facial papillae (one pair asetose and other setose), three pairs of lateral facial papillae, one pair setose and two without seta. Prothoracic spiracle (Fig. 6) elongate 0.18–0.21 mmlong (n = 4), setiform, strongly sclerotized. Abdomen: 2nd–8th segments with rows of spines, basal rows with spines shorter than those of distal rows. Integument with sculptures (Fig. 8).
Adult. Male: body length 1.15–2.33 mm in male (n = 6) and 3.06–3.66 mm in female (n = 8). Head (Fig. 9): Eye facets circular, all closely approximated. Antenna (n = 5): scape trapezoid with a single seta (n = 7), pedicel hemiglobose with 4–6 setae (n = 9), first and second flagellomeres connate, male flagellomeres binodal and tricircumfilar with neck bare (Fig. 10), female flagellomeres cylindrical with two complete circumfilar rings connected by a vertical strand and neck setulose (Fig. 11), 12th flagellomere with apical fusiformprocessentirelysetuloseinbothsexes.Frontoclypeuswith 4–6 setae (n = 12). Labrum long-attenuate, with three pairs of ventral sensory setae. Hypopharynx longer than labrum and apically setulose. Labella with a sharp apex, each with long lateral setae and three short mesal sensory setae (n = 13). Palpus (n = 8) with four segments, all cylindrical with setae, first segment shorter than the others, 0.02–0.03 mmlong, 2nd–4th segmentssimilar inlength, second segment 0.05– 0.007 mm long, third segment 0.05–0.08 mm long, and fourth segment 0.06–0.07 mm long.
Thorax. Wings: length: 1.65–1.80 mm in males (n = 6). 2.25–2.55 mm in females (n = 8). Scutum with four longitudinal rows of setae with a few scales intermixed, the two dorsocentral rows broadest anteriorly, forming a single row posteriorly, and the two lateral as a double row at basal half and forming a single row at distal half. Scutellum with several setae. Anepisternum bare. Anepimeron with setae. Tarsal claws bent near basal third, forelegs with tarsal claws two-toothed (Fig. 12), mid- and hindlegs with tarsal claws simple (Fig. 13); empodium short, not reaching bent in claws (Figs. 12 and 13).
Male abdomen (Fig. 14): 1st–7th tergites sclerotized, rectangular, with rounded lateral margins, a single distal row of setae, few setae laterally, basal pair of trichoid sensilla, and scattered scales; eighth tergite not sclerotized, with basal pair of trichoid sensilla as vestiture; 2nd–7th sternites sclerotized, rectangular, with a single distal row of setae, many setae mesally and laterally, basal pair of trichoid sensilla, and scattered scales; eighth sternite sclerotized, shorter, with scattered setae at half distal, lateral setae, basal pair of trichoid sensilla and scattered scales. Terminalia (Fig. 15): gonocoxite setose, 0.17–0.18 mm long, 0.06–0.07 mm wide (n = 4), with setulose rounded mesobasal lobe; gonostylus setulose basally, striated beyond basis, 0.16–0.17 mm long, 0.02–0.03 mm wide (n = 4); cerci apically rounded with setae and setulae, cercal lobes divergent; hypoproct almost simple, rounded apically, with setae and setulae; hypoproct much longer than cercus; aedeagus long, tapered to apex, rounded apically, much longer than hypoproct.
Female abdomen (Fig. 16): 1st–8th tergites and 2nd–7th sternites as in male; eighth sternite not sclerotized, with only basal pair of trichoid sensilla as vestiture. Ovipositor (Fig. 17) barely protrusible, 0.18–0.19 mm long (from basal margin of 10th segment to cerci apex) (n = 6), cerci separate elongate-ovoid, 0.09–0.10 mm long (n = 6) andsetose, hypoproctbilobed wide with setae andsetulae.
Etymology. The name pterandrae is the genitive of the hostplant genus.
Material examined. Holotype male. Brazil, Minas Gerais: Quartel São João, I. 2009, L. oliveira col., MNRJ. Paratypes, same locality, data and collector— 5 males, 18 females, 2 pupal exuviae, 2 pupae and 3 larvae, MNRJ.
Comments. Myrciamyia Maia, 1996 is the unique genus of Lopesiini whose males have hypoproct almost simple. As the new galler presents this same character, it was included in Myrciamyia. Other generic characters are: adults—eyes with facets circular, occipital process absent, flagellomeres binodal in male and cylindrical in female, flagellomere necks setulose in female, 12th flagellomere with apical process in both sexes, palpus four-segmented, tarsal claws toothed, bent near basal third, male terminalia: gonocoxites with broad mesobasal lobe, cercal lobes ovoid, female—ovipositor barely protrusible, cerci separate; pupa—antennal bases with a short projection, rounded apically; 2nd–8th abdominal segments with dorsal spines, larva—prothoracic spatula elongate and twotoothed, four pairs of corniform terminal papillae (Maia, 1996).
Myrciamyia was previously known by a single species, Myrciamyia maricaensis Maia, 1995, an inducer of galls on Myrcia ovata Cambess. (Myrtaceae) from restingas in the State of Rio de Janeiro. So, the geographic distribution of the genus is extended to the State of Minas Gerais and Cerrado phytophysiognomy. The new species differs from M. maricaensis in several characters: (1) larva—spatula with wider basis and teeth more close to each other in the new species than in M. maricaensis; (2) pupa—apical seta 0.04–0.05 mm long in M. pterandrae (0.19 mm in M. maricaensis), prothoracic spiracle 0.18–0.21 mm long in M. pterandrae (0.15 mm in M. maricaensis); (3) adults—male flagellomeres with bare neck in M. pterandrae and setulose in M. maricaensis, female circumfila almost straight in M. pterandrae and sinuous in M. maricaensis, male circumfila with loops of regular length in M. pterandrae and irregular in M. maricaensis, forelegs with two-toothed tarsal claws and mid- and hindlegs with simple claws tarsal in M. pterandrae and toothedinalllegs of M. maricaensis, andgonocoxitesandgonostylus more slender in the new species than in M. maricaensis.
A new host plant, P. pyroidea (Malpighiaceae), is added to the genus Myrciamyia.
description: Published as part of Maia, V. C., Flor, I. C. & Oliveira, L. A., 2018, Myrciamyia pterandrae (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Lopesiini), a new species of gall midge associated with Pterandra pyroidea A. Juss. (Malpighiaceae), an endemic plant in Brazilian Cerrado, pp. 220-224 in Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 62 on pages 221-224, DOI: 10.1016/j.rbe.2018.06.003, http://zenodo.org/record/3693084