cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Expression analysis of candidate genes as indicators for commencing drought stress in starch potatoes
Creators: name: Wellpott, Katharina
name: Straube, Jannis
name: Winkelmann, Traud
name: Bündig, Christin
Publisher: name: Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: drought stress
subject: invertase inhibitor 1
subject: open greenhouse
subject: Solanum tuberosum
subject: subtilase
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::640 | Hauswirtschaft und Familienleben

description: Drought stress is a major problem for potato production and will be of grave importance due to climate change and the resulting temperature peaks along with drought periods in the vegetative growth phase of potato. Plants, as sessile organisms, adapt to their environment morphologically as well as biochemically. To cope better with abiotic stresses like drought, plants developed strategies like reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification and fast reacting stomatal closure, as well as signalling cascades leading to a quick response to stress. This study aimed at analysing eight genes of interest, derived from a former proteomic study, and determining their suitability for detection of commencing drought stress in early growth stages of potato. For this aim, six starch potato genotypes, which differed in stress response in previous studies, were examined for plant growth and physiological parameters in two experiments in an open greenhouse after seven and 14 days of stress. Besides lower shoot biomass after drought stress, which was already visible after seven days and became stronger after 14 days, weaker root growth was also detected after 14 days. The observed differences between the experiments can presumably be explained by temperature peaks and high radiation prior to and during the first experiment, which took place earlier in the year. The expression of the eight genes was studied in young leaves of four genotypes after 7 days of water withdrawal. Gene expression patterns were dependent on the studied genes. Three genes, cell wall/vacuolar inhibitor of fructosidase (INH1), peroxidase 51-like (POD) and subtilase family protein (SBT1.7) showed consistent changes in gene expression after seven days of stress between all genotypes. The INH1 gene was found to be upregulated in all genotypes in two independent experiments after drought stress. This correlates with the results at the protein level, where INH1 was also found to be higher abundant in two genotypes of potato (Wellpott et al., DGG-Proceedings 10, 2021). Therefore, this gene might be an appropriate candidate for the detection of commencing drought stress in potato.
An app by students for students – the DPaCK-model for a digital collaborative teamwork project to identify butterflies
Creators: name: Baumann, Birgit
name: Groß, Jorge
name: Michelsen, Malte
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: app development
subject: digitality-related pedagogical content knowledge-DPaCK
subject: Education for Sustainable Development (ESD)
subject: media in Science Education
subject: mobile learning
subject: species identification
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::370 | Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Acquiring digital literacy has become one of the most important tasks in school. But also acquiring species knowledge is an important task and essential to understand the value of biodiversity. In order to achieve this, a toolbox was developed to enable students to create an identification key on any group of living species. This can be either a species group of animals or plants or living creatures of the school ground. It is based on the interactive identification tool “ID-Logics” which was changed into an easy-to-use learning platform for the students. The students (n = 26, age 11–13, Gymnasium) were interviewed using the method of Retrospective Inquiry into Learning Process to capture changes in imagination. The results were analyzed and discussed using the DPaCK-Model. Based on the data, we can demonstrate the utility of the DPaCK-Model and discuss the implications for (biology) teaching. The DPaCK-Model proves to be a useful tool for analyzing this student project from the subject didactic perspective. Compared to the TPaCK-Model, digitality brings up new aspects, which we discuss in terms of the implications for (biology) teaching. In summary, the focus of the ID-Nature project is on: Collaboration, cooperation, and participation combined with publication, sharpening the eye for characteristic items for identification. And this is the new challenge of digitality. The orientation framework for the acquisition of digital competences developed for teacher education should also be seen as an enrichment for students. In accordance with these results, guidelines were set up for teaching digital literacy. The project is furthermore seen as an example for Education for sustainable Development (ESD).
Acculturation Timing among Newcomer and more Experienced Immigrant Youth: The Role of Language Use in Ethnic Friendship Homophily
Creators: name: Titzmann, Peter F.
name: Aumann, Lara
name: Lee, Richard M.
Publisher: name: New York, NY [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Acculturation timing
subject: Acculturative development
subject: Friendship homophily
subject: Host language acquisition
subject: Immigrant adolescents
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: The usage of the new language is a crucial aspect in immigrant youth adaptation. However, despite substantial inter- and intraindividual variability and dynamic changes, language usage has been studied primarily with a focus on static interindividual differences. This study utilized a recently introduced Temporal Model of Acculturative Change to test associations between language acquisition and friendship homophily. More specifically, three concepts were tested: pace (individual rate of change), relative timing (the deviation from peers with similar length of residence), and transition timing (preparedness for the relocation). Data comprised a three-wave-longitudinal sample of 820 ethnic German adolescents from Eastern European States who immigrated to Germany (Mage = 16.1, 57% girls). Results revealed, particularly among recent immigrant adolescents, that transition timing predicted earlier relative acculturation timing in language usage and that early relative timing in language usage predicted levels and change rates in friendship homophily (over and above acculturation pace and the actual level of language usage). Findings highlight the need to better understand the dynamics in acculturation processes of immigrant youth.
Present-day Galactic Evolution: Low-metallicity, Warm, Ionized Gas Inflow Associated with High-Velocity Cloud Complex A
Creators: name: Barger, Kathleen A.
name: Haffner, Lawrence M.
name: Wakker, Bart P.
name: Hill, Alex S.
name: Madsen, Greg J.
name: Duncan, Allison K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-velocity cloud (HVC) Complex A is a probe of the physical conditions in the Galactic halo. The kinematics, morphology, distance, and metallicity of Complex A indicate that it represents new material that is accreting onto the Galaxy. We present Wisconsin H-alpha Mapper (WHAM) kinematically resolved observations of Complex A over the velocity range of -250 to -50 km/s in the local standard of rest reference frame. These observations include the first full H-alpha intensity map of Complex A across (l, b) = (124, 18) to (171, 53) and deep targeted observations in H-alpha, [S II]6716, [N II]6584, and [O I]6300 towards regions with high H I column densities, background quasars, and stars. The H-alpha data imply that the masses of neutral and ionized material in the cloud are similar, both being greater than a million solar masses. We find that the Bland-Hawthorn & Maloney (1999, 2001) model for the intensity of the ionizing radiation near the Milky Way is consistent with the known distance of the high-latitude part of Complex A and an assumed cloud geometry that puts the lower-latitude parts of the cloud at a distance of 7 to 8 kpc. This compatibility implies a 5% ionizing photon escape fraction from the Galactic disk. We also provide the nitrogen and sulfur upper abundance solutions for a series of temperatures, metallicities, and cloud configurations for purely photoionized gas; these solutions are consistent with the sub-solar abundances found by previous studies, especially for temperatures above 10,000 K or for gas with a high fraction of singly-ionized nitrogen and sulfur.
description: Published in Astrophysical Journal. Version 2 just updates the file format from manuscript to emulateapj. Some columns in Tables 4 & 5 have been removed so that they will fit
Nonlinear Wave Equation in Frequency Domain: Accurate Modeling of Ultrafast Interaction in Anisotropic Nonlinear Media
Creators: name: Guo, Hairun
name: Zeng, Xianglong
name: Zhou, Binbin
name: Bache, Morten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We interpret the purely spectral forward Maxwell equation with up to 3${^{\rm rd}}$ order induced polarizations for pulse propagation and interactions in quadratic nonlinear crystals. The interpreted equation, also named nonlinear wave equation in frequency domain, includes both quadratic and cubic nonlinearities, delayed Raman effects and anisotropic nonlinearities. The full potential of this wave equation is demonstrated by investigating simulations of solitons generated in the process of ultrafast cascaded second-harmonic generation. We show that a balance in the soliton delay can be achieved due to competition between self-steepening, Raman effects and self-steepening-like effects from cascading originating in the group-velocity mismatch between the pump and second harmonic. We analyze the first-order contributions, and show that this balance can be broken to create fast or slow pulses. Through further simulations we demonstrate few-cycle compressed solitons in extremely short crystals, where spectral phenomena such as blue/red shifting, non-stationary radiation in accordance with the non-local phase matching condition and dispersive-wave generation are observed and marked, which help improving the experimental knowledge of cascading nonlinear soliton pulse compression.
Nonlinear emission of spin-wave caustics from an edge mode of a micro-structured Co2Mn0.6Fe0.4Si waveguide
Creators: name: Sebastian, T.
name: Pirro, P.
name: Kubota, T.
name: Brächer, T.
name: Serga, A. A.
name: Naganuma, H.
name: Oogane, M.
name: Ando, Y.
name: Hillebrands, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic Heusler materials with very low Gilbert damping are expected to show novel magnonic transport phenomena. We report nonlinear generation of higher harmonics leading to the emission of caustic spin-wave beams in a low-damping, micro-structured Co2Mn0.6Fe0.4Si Heusler waveguide. The source for the higher harmonic generation is a localized edge mode formed by the strongly inhomogeneous field distribution at the edges of the spin-wave waveguide. The radiation characteristics of the propagating caustic waves observed at twice and three times the excitation frequency are described by an analytical calculation based on the anisotropic dispersion of spin waves in a magnetic thin film.
Financialization and transnational gentrification: roots of an urban trans-formation process in Cuenca, Ecuado
Financiarización y gentrificación transnacional : Raíces de un proceso de transformación urbana en Cuenca, Ecuador
Creators: name: Hayes, Matthew
name: Celleri, Daniela
Publisher: name: Barcelona : Univ.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecuador
subject: Heritage urbanization
subject: housing policy
subject: migration
subject: transnational mobility
subject: urbanización patrimonial
subject: movilidades transnacionales
subject: migración
subject: política de vivienda
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie::910 | Geografie, Reisen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: The financialization of housing is central to understanding urban development and the processes of transnational gentrification occurring in the Global South. The city of Cuenca offers an emble-matic case, in which transnational investment has induced new processes of urbanization, much of it intended to attract higher-income consumers from the Global North. The transformation of its real estate market from a local one into a transnational one is led partly by Ecuadorian migration to the Global North, but it is also accompanied by North-South lifestyle migration. Both groups have helped to propel real estate construction, especially of new, dense, high-rise condos. The article argues that Ecuador’s attempt to boost its construction sector and expand mortgage credit through securitization of debts has helped to attract transnational pools of migrant wor-kers’ savings to the built environment of its cities—notably Cuenca. Yet the benefits of urban housing investment are not shared by lower-income workers there, who continue to lack access to affordable housing.
description: La financiarización de la vivienda es central para comprender el desarrollo urbano y los procesos de gentrificación transnacional en el Sur Global. La ciudad de Cuenca es un caso emblemático, debido a sus altos niveles de gentrificación y de población migrante. Por un lado, “Gringolandia”, un barrio central poblado por jubilados norteamericanos con precios crecientes; por el otro, las remesas provenientes de la histórica emigración desde el sur del Ecuador, invertidas en la construcción en partes claves de la ciudad. Ambos fenómenos han generado una burbuja inmobiliaria con viviendas casi inaccesibles a población local. En base a un extenso trabajo etnográfico (2011-2020), este artículo argumenta que la vivienda en Cuenca está siendo apropiada por grupos transnacionales con más poder adquisitivo. Este proceso ha sido fomentado por políticas basadas en la financiarización de la vivienda y titulización de hipotecas, en base al aprovechamiento de las remesas y ahorros de jubilados norteamericanos.
Where are the Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs)? Using correlation measurements and lensing to relate LRGs to dark matter halos
Creators: name: Hikage, Chiaki
name: Mandelbaum, Rachel
name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Spergel, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear redshift-space distortions, the Finger-of-God (FoG) effect, can complicate the interpretation of the galaxy power spectrum. Here, we demonstrate the method proposed by Hikage et al. (2012) to use complimentary observations to directly constrain this effect on the data. We use catalogs of Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs) and photometric galaxies from the SDSS DR7 to measure the redshift-space power spectrum of LRGs, the cross-correlation of LRGs with the shapes of background photometric galaxies (galaxy-galaxy weak lensing), and the projected cross-correlation of LRGs with photometric galaxies having similar photometric redshifts to the LRG spectroscopic redshift. All of these measurements use a reconstructed halo field. While we use the position of each LRG for single LRG systems, we compare the measurements using different halo-center proxies for multiple-LRG systems (4.5 per cent of all the halos): the brightest LRG position (BLRG), the faintest LRG position (FLRG) and their arithmetical mean position (Mean), respectively, in each system. We find significant differences in the measured correlations of different centers, showing consistent off-centering effects in the three observables. By comparing the measurements with a halo model that treats the satellite photometric galaxies as being distributed according to a generalized NFW profile, we find that about 40 (70) per cent of BLRGs (FLRGs) are off-centered satellite galaxies in the multiple-LRG systems. The satellite LRGs have typical off-centering radius of about 400 kpc/h, and velocity dispersion of about 500 km/s in host halos with a mean mass of 1.6x10^14 Ms/h. We show that, if LRGs in the single LRG systems have similar offsets, the residual FoG contamination in the LRG power spectrum can be significant at k>0.1 h/Mpc, which may cause a bias in cosmological parameters such as the neutrino mass.
description: 27 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Made significant revision in response to the referee's comments
Artificial Intelligence in Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews
Creators: name: Mäkitie, AA
name: Alabi, RO
name: Ng, Sweet
name: Takes, RP
name: Robbins, KT
name: Ronen, O
name: Shaha, AR
name: Bradley, PJ
name: Saba, NF
name: Nuyts, S
name: Triantafyllou, A
name: Piazza, C
name: Rinaldo, A
name: Ferlito, A
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3214
subject: Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
classificationCode: 3202
subject: Clinical sciences
classificationCode: 3211
subject: Oncology and carcinogenesis
classificationCode: 4611
subject: Machine learning

description: Introduction: Several studies have emphasized the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and its subfields, such as machine learning (ML), as emerging and feasible approaches to optimize patient care in oncology. As a result, clinicians and decision-makers are faced with a plethora of reviews regarding the state of the art of applications of AI for head and neck cancer (HNC) management. This article provides an analysis of systematic reviews on the current status, and of the limitations of the application of AI/ML as adjunctive decision-making tools in HNC management. Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, Medline via Ovid, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched from inception until November 30, 2022. The study selection, searching and screening processes, inclusion, and exclusion criteria followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A risk of bias assessment was conducted using a tailored and modified version of the Assessment of Systematic Review (AMSTAR-2) tool and quality assessment using the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS) guidelines. Results: Of the 137 search hits retrieved, 17 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. This analysis of systematic reviews revealed that the application of AI/ML as a decision aid in HNC management can be thematized as follows: (1) detection of precancerous and cancerous lesions within histopathologic slides; (2) prediction of the histopathologic nature of a given lesion from various sources of medical imaging; (3) prognostication; (4) extraction of pathological findings from imaging; and (5) different applications in radiation oncology. In addition, the challenges in implementation of AI/ML models for clinical evaluations include the lack of standardized methodological guidelines for the collection of clinical images, development of these models, reporting of their performance, external validation procedures, and regulatory frameworks. Conclusion: At present, there is a paucity of evidence to suggest the adoption of these models in clinical practice due to the aforementioned limitations. Therefore, this manuscript highlights the need for development of standardized guidelines to facilitate the adoption and implementation of these models in the daily clinical practice. In addition, adequately powered, prospective, randomized controlled trials are urgently needed to further assess the potential of AI/ML models in real-world clinical settings for the management of HNC.
Supersymmetric electric-magnetic duality as a manifest symmetry of the action for super-Maxwell theory and linearized supergravity
Creators: name: Bunster, Claudio
name: Henneaux, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the free massless spin-one and spin-two field theories one may write the action in a form which is manifestly invariant under electric-magnetic duality. This is achieved by introducing new potentials through solving the constraints of the Hamiltonian formulation. The price for making electric-magnetic duality invariance manifest through this direct procedure is losing manifest Lorentz invariance. Both theories admit supersymmetric extensions, which make the bosonic fields and their corresponding fermionic partners to be parts of the same geometrical object, a supermultiplet. We present in this paper the supersymmetric extension of the manifestly electric-magnetic duality invariant actions for the photon and the photino; and for the graviton and the gravitino. In each case the spinor fields transform under electric-magnetic duality in a chiral manner. For the spin-tree-half field, which possesses a gauge invariance, it is necessary to bring in a spinor "prepotential". As in previous cases the introduction of additional potentials to solve the constraints increases the number of gauge invariances of the action, thus keeping the number of degrees of freedom unaltered. The similarity in the formulations for the photon-photino and graviton-gravitino systems is remarkable.
description: Typos corrected, one reference added
Cosmic shear results from the deep lens survey - I: Joint constraints on omega_m and sigma_8 with a two-dimensional analysis
Creators: name: Jee, M. James
name: Tyson, J. Anthony
name: Schneider, Michael D.
name: Wittman, David
name: Schmidt, Samuel
name: Hilbert, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a cosmic shear study from the Deep Lens Survey (DLS), a deep BVRz multi-band imaging survey of five 4 sq. degree fields with two National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO) 4-meter telescopes at Kitt Peak and Cerro Tololo. For both telescopes, the change of the point-spread-function (PSF) shape across the focal plane is complicated, and the exposure-to-exposure variation of this position-dependent PSF change is significant. We overcome this challenge by modeling the PSF separately for individual exposures and CCDs with principal component analysis (PCA). We find that stacking these PSFs reproduces the final PSF pattern on the mosaic image with high fidelity, and the method successfully separates PSF-induced systematics from gravitational lensing effects. We calibrate our shears and estimate the errors, utilizing an image simulator, which generates sheared ground-based galaxy images from deep Hubble Space Telescope archival data with a realistic atmospheric turbulence model. For cosmological parameter constraints, we marginalize over shear calibration error, photometric redshift uncertainty, and the Hubble constant. We use cosmology-dependent covariances for the Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis and find that the role of this varying covariance is critical in our parameter estimation. Our current non-tomographic analysis alone constrains the Omega_M-sigma_8 likelihood contour tightly, providing a joint constraint of Omega_M=0.262+-0.051 and sigma_8=0.868+-0.071. We expect that a future DLS weak-lensing tomographic study will further tighten these constraints because explicit treatment of the redshift dependence of cosmic shear more efficiently breaks the Omega_M-sigma_8 degeneracy. Combining the current results with the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe 7-year (WMAP7) likelihood data, we obtain Omega_M=0.278+-0.018 and sigma_8=0.815+-0.020.
description: Accepted to ApJ. Replaced with the accepted version
Thermal Effects on Photon-Induced Quantum Transport
Creators: name: Assunção, M. O.
name: de Oliveira, E. J. R.
name: Villas-Bôas, J. M.
name: Souza, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate laser induced quantum transport in a two-level quantum dot attached to electric contacts. Our approach, based on nonequilibrium Green function technique, allows to include thermal effects on the photon-induced quantum transport and excitonic coherent dynamics. By solving a set of coupled integrodifferential equations, involving correlation and propagator functions, we obtain the photocurrent and the dot occupations as a function of time. The characteristic coherent Rabi oscillations are found in both occupations and photocurrent, with two distinct sources of decoherence: incoherent tunneling and thermal fluctuations. In particular, for increasing temperature the dot becomes more thermally occupied which shrinks the amplitude of the Rabi oscillations, due to Pauli blockade. Finally, due to the interplay between photon and thermal induced electron populations, the photocurrent can switch sign as time evolves and its stationary value can be maximized by tunning the laser intensity.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Das landesgeschichtliche Quellenportal „Thüringen – legislativ & exekutiv“: Thüringen – Vielfalt und Einheit
Creators: name: Kunze, Petra
name: Scharfe, Romy
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Parlamentsdrucksache
subject: Gesetzgebung
subject: 020
subject: 943

description: Hessisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte, vol. 74, p. 151
Transport across an Anderson quantum dot in the intermediate coupling regime
Creators: name: Kern, Johannes
name: Grifoni, Milena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe linear and nonlinear transport across a single impurity Anderson model quantum dot with intermediate coupling to the leads, i.e., with tunnel coupling of the order of the thermal energy k_B T. The coupling is large enough that sequential tunneling processes alone do not suffice to properly describe the transport characteristics. Upon applying a density matrix approach, the current is expressed in terms of rates obtained by considering a very small class of diagrams which dress the sequential tunneling processes by charge fluctuations. We call this the "dressed second order" (DSO) approximation. One major achievement of the DSO is that, still in the Coulomb blockade regime, it can describe the crossover from thermally broadened to tunneling broadened conductance peaks. When the temperature is decreased even further, the DSO captures "Kondesque" behaviours of the Anderson quantum dot qualitatively: We find a zero bias anomaly of the differential conductance versus applied bias, an enhancement of the conductance with decreasing temperature as well as the onset of universality of the shape of the conductance as function of the temperature. We can address the case of a spin-degenerate level split energetically by a magnetic field and show that, if we assume in addition different capacitive couplings of the two spin-levels to the leads, one of the resonance peaks is vanishing. In case spin-dependent chemical potentials are introduced and only one of the four is varied, the DSO yields in principle only one resonance. This seems to be in agreement with experiments with pseudo-spin. Furthermore, we get qualitative agreement with experimental data showing a cross-over from the Kondo to the empty orbital regime.
description: 19 pages, 19 figures
PT-symmetric quantum Liouvillian dynamics
Creators: name: Prosen, Tomaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a combination of unitary and anti-unitary symmetry of quantum Liouvillian dynamics, in the context of open quantum systems, which implies a D2 symmetry of the complex Liovillean spectrum. For sufficiently weak system-bath coupling it implies a uniform decay rate for all coherences, i.e. off-diagonal elements of the system's density matrix taken in the eigenbasis of the Hamiltonian. As an example we discuss symmetrically boundary driven open XXZ spin 1/2 chains.
description: Note [18] added with respect to a published version, explaining the symmetry of the matrix V [eq. (14)]
Bodily tides near the 1:1 spin-orbit resonance. Correction to Goldreich's dynamical model
Creators: name: Williams, James G.
name: Efroimsky, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-orbit coupling is often described in the "MacDonald torque" approach which has become the textbook standard. Within this method, a concise expression for the additional tidal potential, derived by MacDonald (1964; Rev. Geophys. 2, 467), is combined with an assumption that the Q factor is frequency-independent (i.e., that the geometric lag angle is constant in time). This makes the approach unphysical because MacDonald's derivation of the said formula was implicitly based on keeping the time lag frequency-independent, which is equivalent to setting Q to scale as the inverse tidal frequency. The contradiction requires the MacDonald treatment of both non-resonant and resonant rotation to be rewritten. The non-resonant case was reconsidered by Efroimsky & Williams (2009; CMDA 104, 257), in application to spin modes distant from the major commensurabilities. We continue this work by introducing the necessary alterations into the MacDonald-torque-based model of falling into a 1:1 resonance. (For the original version of the model, see Goldreich 1966; AJ 71, 1.) We also study the effect of the triaxiality on both circulating and librating rotation near the synchronous state. Circulating rotation may evolve toward the libration region or toward a spin rate larger than synchronous (pseudosynchronous spin). Which behaviour depends on the eccentricity, the triaxiality of the primary, and the mass ratio of the secondary and primary bodies. The spin evolution will always stall for the oblate case. For small-amplitude librations, expressions are derived for the libration frequency, damping rate, and average orientation. However, the stability of pseudosynchronous spin hinges upon the dissipation model. Makarov and Efroimsky (2012; arXiv:1209.1616) have found that a more realistic dissipation model than the corrected MacDonald torque makes pseudosynchronous spin unstable.
MAGIICAT II. General Characteristics of the MgII Absorbing Circumgalactic Medium
Creators: name: Nielsen, Nikole M.
name: Churchill, Christopher W.
name: Kacprzak, Glenn G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the MgII absorbing circumgalactic medium (CGM) for the 182 intermediate redshift (0.072 < z < 1.120) galaxies in the "MgII Absorber-Galaxy Catalog" (MAGIICAT, Nielsen et al.). We parameterize the anti-correlation between equivalent width, Wr(2796), and impact parameter, D, with a log-linear fit, and show that a power law poorly describes the data. We find that higher luminosity galaxies have larger Wr(2796) at larger D (4.3 sigma). The covering fractions, f_c, decrease with increasing D and Wr(2796) detection threshold. Higher luminosity galaxies have larger f_c; no absorption is detected in lower luminosity galaxies beyond 100 kpc. Bluer and redder galaxies have similar f_c for D < 100 kpc, but for D > 100 kpc, bluer galaxies have larger f_c, as do higher redshift galaxies. The "absorption radius", R(L)=R*(L/L*)^{beta}$, which we examine for four different Wr(2796) detection thresholds, is more luminosity sensitive to the B-band than the K-band, more sensitive for redder galaxies than for bluer galaxies, and does not evolve with redshift for the K-band, but becomes more luminosity sensitive towards lower redshift for the B-band. These trends clearly indicate a more extended MgII absorbing CGM around higher luminosity, bluer, and higher redshift galaxies. Several of our findings are in conflict with other works. We address these conflicts and discuss the implications of our results for the low-ionization, intermediate redshift CGM.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures; revised version contains additional galaxies and is accepted for publication in ApJ (August 5, 2013)
Neuerscheinungen
Creators: name: Eurich, Johannes
name: Glatz-Schmallegger, Markus
name: Kaufmann, Dieter
name: Keller, Urs
name: Wegner, Gerhard
name: Klaffl, Kathrin
name: Parpan-Blaser, Anne
name: Lob-Hüdepohl, Andreas
name: Langer, Andreas
name: Güntner, Simon
Publisher: name: DWI-Jahrbuch – Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre
Year: 2019

description: DWI-Jahrbuch – Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre, Bd. 46: (2018/2019): Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre
Physical properties of simulated galaxy populations at z=2 - I. Effect of metal-line cooling and feedback from star formation and AGN
Creators: name: Haas, Marcel R.
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Booth, C. M.
name: Vecchia, Claudio Dalla
name: Springel, Volker
name: Theuns, Tom
name: Wiersma, Robert P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use hydrodynamical simulations from the OWLS project to investigate the dependence of the physical properties of galaxy populations at redshift 2 on metal-line cooling and feedback from star formation and active galactic nuclei (AGN). We find that if the sub-grid feedback from star formation is implemented kinetically, the feedback is only efficient if the initial wind velocity exceeds a critical value. This critical velocity increases with galaxy mass and also if metal-line cooling is included. This suggests that radiative losses quench the winds if their initial velocity is too low. If the feedback is efficient, then the star formation rate is inversely proportional to the amount of energy injected per unit stellar mass formed (which is proportional to the initial mass loading for a fixed wind velocity). This can be understood if the star formation is self-regulating, i.e. if the star formation rate (and thus the gas fraction) increase until the outflow rate balances the inflow rate. Feedback from AGN is efficient at high masses, while increasing the initial wind velocity with gas pressure or halo mass allows one to generate galaxy-wide outflows at all masses. Matching the observed galaxy mass function requires efficient feedback. In particular, the predicted faint-end slope is too steep unless we resort to highly mass loaded winds for low-mass objects. Such efficient feedback from low-mass galaxies (M_* << 10^10 Msun) also reduces the discrepancy with the observed specific star formation rates, which are higher than predicted unless the feedback transitions from highly efficient to inefficient just below the observed stellar mass range.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Semi-classical theory for quantum quenches in the O(3) non-linear sigma model
Creators: name: Evangelisti, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the semi-classical approach to study the non-equilibrium dynamics of the O(3) non-linear sigma model. For a class of quenches defined in the text, we obtain the order parameter dynamical correlator in the thermodynamic limit. In particular we predict quench-dependent relaxation times and correlation lengths. The approach developed for the O(3) non-linear sigma model can also be applied to the transverse field Ising chain, where the semi-classical results can be directly compared to both the exact and the numerical ones, revealing the limits of the method.
description: v1: 26 pages, 10 figures; v2: References added; v3: Comments added, notation clarified
$F$-zips with additional structure
Creators: name: Pink, Richard
name: Wedhorn, Torsten
name: Ziegler, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F40, 14D23, 20G40

description: An $F$-zip over a scheme $S$ over a finite field is a certain object of semi-linear algebra consisting of a locally free module with a descending filtration and an ascending filtration and a $\Frob_q$-twisted isomorphism between the respective graded sheaves. In this article we define and systematically investigate what might be called "$F$-zips with a $G$-structure", for an arbitrary reductive linear algebraic group $G$. These objects come in two incarnations. One incarnation is an exact linear tensor functor from the category of finite dimensional representations of $G$ to the category of $F$-zips over $S$. Locally any such functor has a type $χ$, which is a cocharacter of $G$. The other incarnation is a certain $G$-torsor analogue of the notion of $F$-zips. We prove that both incarnations define stacks that are naturally equivalent to a quotient stack of the form $[E_{G,χ}\backslash G_k]$ that was studied in an earlier paper. By the results obtained there they are therefore smooth algebraic stacks of dimension 0 over $k$. Using our earlier results we can also classify the isomorphism classes of such objects over an algebraically closed field, describe their automorphism groups, and determine which isomorphism classes can degenerate into which others. For classical groups we can deduce the corresponding results for twisted or untwisted symplectic, orthogonal, or unitary $F$-zips. The results can be applied to the algebraic de Rham cohomology of smooth projective varieties (or generalizations thereof such as smooth proper Deligne-Mumford stacks) and to truncated Barsotti-Tate groups of level 1. In addition, we hope that our systematic group theoretical approach will help to understand the analogue of the Ekedahl-Oort stratification of the special fibers of arbitrary Shimura varieties.
description: Remark 9.20 explained, otherwise minor changes and corrections; final version, to appear in Pacific Journal of Math.; 50 pages
Physical properties of simulated galaxy populations at z=2 - II. Effects of cosmology, reionization and ISM physics
Creators: name: Haas, Marcel R.
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Booth, C. M.
name: Vecchia, Claudio Dalla
name: Springel, Volker
name: Theuns, Tom
name: Wiersma, Robert P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use hydrodynamical simulations from the OWLS project to investigate the dependence of the physical properties of galaxy populations at redshift 2 on the assumed star formation law, the equation of state imposed on the unresolved interstellar medium, the stellar initial mass function, the reionization history, and the assumed cosmology. This work complements that of Paper I, where we studied the effects of varying models for galactic winds driven by star formation and AGN. The normalisation of the matter power spectrum strongly affects the galaxy mass function, but has a relatively small effect on the physical properties of galaxies residing in haloes of a fixed mass. Reionization suppresses the stellar masses and gas fractions of low-mass galaxies, but by z = 2 the results are insensitive to the timing of reionization. The stellar initial mass function mainly determines the physical properties of galaxies through its effect on the efficiency of the feedback, while changes in the recycled mass and metal fractions play a smaller role. If we use a recipe for star formation that reproduces the observed star formation law independently of the assumed equation of state of the unresolved ISM, then the latter is unimportant. The star formation law, i.e. the gas consumption time scale as a function of surface density, determines the mass of dense, star-forming gas in galaxies, but affects neither the star formation rate nor the stellar mass. This can be understood in terms of self-regulation: the gas fraction adjusts until the outflow rate balances the inflow rate.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Exact field-driven interface dynamics in the two-dimensional stochastic Ising model with helicoidal boundary conditions
Creators: name: Mendonça, J. Ricardo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the interface dynamics of the two-dimensional stochastic Ising model in an external field under helicoidal boundary conditions. At sufficiently low temperatures and fields, the dynamics of the interface is described by an exactly solvable high-spin asymmetric quantum Hamiltonian that is the infinitesimal generator of the zero range process. Generally, the critical dynamics of the interface fluctuations is in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class of critical behavior. We remark that a whole family of RSOS interface models similar to the Ising interface model investigated here can be described by exactly solvable restricted high-spin quantum XXZ-type Hamiltonians.
description: LaTeX2e, 15 pages, 1 figure, 40 references. This paper is dedicated to Professor Silvio R. A. Salinas (IF/USP) on the occasion of his 70th birthday
Molecular simulation of 2-dimensional microphase separation of single-component homopolymers grafted onto a planar substrate
Creators: name: Norizoe, Y.
name: Jinnai, H.
name: Takahara, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural phase behavior of polymer brushes, single-component linear homopolymers grafted onto a planar substrate, is studied using the molecular Monte Carlo method in 3 dimensions. When simulation parameters of the system are set in regions of macrophase separation of solution for the corresponding non-grafted homopolymers, the grafted polymers also prefer segregation. However, macrophase separation is disallowed due to the spatially-fixed grafting points of the polymers. Such constraints on the grafting are similar to connecting points between blocks of non-grafted diblock copolymers at the microphase separation in the melt state. This results in "microphase separation" of the homopolymer brush in the lateral direction of the substrate. Here we extensively search the parameter space and reveal various lateral domain patterns that are similar to those found in diblock copolymer melts at microphase separation.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in EPL
J. Bottin, N. Pellegrin (Hg.), Échanges et cultures textiles dans l'Europe pré-industrielle, Actes du colloque de Rouen, 17-19 mai 1993, 1996
Creators: name: Hoock, Jochen
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 27 Nr. 2 (2000)
Vom Liberalismus zum Stalinismus? Georg Bernhard, Willi Münzenberg, Heinrich Mann und Walter Ulbricht in der chronique scandaleuse des Pariser Tageblatts und der Pariser Tageszeitung
Creators: name: Bayerlein, Bernhard H.
name: Matschuk, Maria
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 27 Nr. 3 (2000)
Metastable Electroweak Vacuum: Implications for Inflation
Creators: name: Lebedev, Oleg
name: Westphal, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the Standard Model, the current Higgs and top quark data favor metastability of the electroweak vacuum, although the uncertainties are still significant. The true vacuum is many orders of magnitude deeper than ours and the barrier separating the two is tiny compared to the depth of the well. This raises a cosmological question: how did the Higgs field get trapped in the shallow minimum and why did it stay there during inflation? The Higgs initial conditions before inflation must be fine--tuned to about one part in 10^8 in order for the Higgs field to end up in the right vacuum. In this note, we show that these problems can be resolved if there is a small positive coupling between the Higgs and the inflaton.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures; refs. added, to appear in PLB
Kölner Geistliche im Mittelalter, Bd. 1: Männer, bearbeitet von K. Militzer, 2003; Bd. 2: Frauen, bearbeitet von K. Militzer, 2004
Creators: name: Grosse, R.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 32 Nr. 1 (2005)
Superconductivity phenomenon induced by external in-plane magnetic field in (2+1)-dimensional Gross--Neveu type model
Creators: name: Klimenko, K. G.
name: Zhokhov, R. N.
name: Zhukovsky, V. Ch.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase structure of the (2+1)-dimensional model with four-fermion interaction of spin-1/2 quasiparticles (electrons) both in the fermion-antifermion (or chiral) and fermion-fermion (or superconducting) channels is considered at nonzero chemical potential $μ$ and under the influence of an in-plane, i.e. parallel to a system sheet, external magnetic field $\vec B_\parallel$. It is shown that at sufficiently large values of $μ$ and/or $\vec B_\parallel$ the Cooper pairing (or superconducting) phase appears in the system at arbitrary relation between coupling constants, provided that there is an (arbitrary small) attractive interaction in the superconducting channel. In particular, at sufficiently weak attractive interaction in the chiral channel, the Cooper pairing occurs even at infinitesimal values of $μ$ and/or $\vec B_\parallel$. The superconducting phase of the model is always a paramagnetic one.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, published version in MPLA. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1210.7934
On chiral corrections to nucleon GPD
Creators: name: Moiseeva, Alena M.
name: Vladimirov, Alexey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the pion-nucleon chiral perturbation theory we derive the leading chiral correction to the nucleon GPD at $ξ=0$. We discuss the difficulties of consideration of nonlocal light-cone operators within the theory with a heavy particle and the methods to solve the difficulties. The consideration of the chiral corrections directly for nonlocal operators allows to resolve the ambiguity of the inverse Mellin transformation. In particular, we show that the mixing between axial and vector GPDs are of order $m_π^2/M_N^2$, which is two orders of magnitude less that it follows from the Mellin moments calculation.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure; minor corrections in the text