Ovaticoccus salviae Miller
Creators: name: Miller, Douglass R.
name: Stocks, Ian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Eriococcidae
Ovaticoccus
Ovaticoccus salviae

description: Ovaticoccus salviae Miller
(Color plate 3)
Ovaticoccus salviae Miller in Miller and McKenzie 1967: 521.
Material examined: not included in previous publications: California: Riverside Co.: Corona, XII-29-1970, on Salvia apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (5 first-instar nymphs on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, V-3-1971, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (3 first-instar nymphs on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, V-18-1971, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (5 second-instar ♀♀, 1 first-instar nymph on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, VIII-26-1971, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (3 ad. ♁♁ on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, IX-17-1971, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (4 ad. ♁♁ on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, X-25-1971, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (1 first-instar nymph on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, III-22-1972, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (10 first-instar nymphs on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, III-29-1972, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (17 first-instar nymphs on 2 slides) USNM; Corona, IV-6-1972, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (12 first-instar nymphs on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, IV-18-1972, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (6 first-instar nymphs on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, IV-20-1972, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (8 first-instar nymphs on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, V-9-1972, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (4 first-instar nymphs on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, V-11-1972, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (1 ad. ♀, 7 first-instar nymphs on 2 slides) USNM; Corona, V-18-1972, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (2 second ♀♀, 6 first-instar nymphs on 3 slides) USNM; Corona, V-25-1972, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (3 second-instar ♀♀, 2 first-instar nymphs on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, VI-15-1972, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (2 ad. ♀♀, 4 second-instar ♀♀ on 2 slides) USNM; Corona, VI-14- 1973, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (1 second-instar ♀ on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, VI-29-1973, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (3 second-instar ♀♀ on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, VII-6-1973, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (2 ad. ♀♀, 1 second-instar ♀ on 1 slide) USNM; Corona, VII-13-1973, on S. apiana, E.R. and J.L. Miller (2 ad. ♀♀, 1 second-instar ♀ on 1 slide) USNM.
Etymology: The species epithet “ salviae ” is formed for the host of this species.
The adult female of this species was described in detail by Miller and McKenzie (1967) and information from that paper is not repeated here.
Life history: From December 1970 to November 1973, branches of infested Salvia apiana containing Ovaticoccus salviae were collected at a site in Corona, California, and were examined using a dissecting microscope. Bark was removed from the branches and the specimens encountered were preserved, mounted, and recorded (Ap pendix 1). Based on this information, it appears that this species has a single generation each year with crawlers appearing as early as October, but more commonly in March and present until the end of May. Second-instar females were present from early May to mid-July and adult females were encountered in most samples except in March and April. Only a single second-instar male was collected, most likely because this instar forms its cocoon on parts of the plant that were not sampled. Adult males also were rarely collected, but those that were found were taken in July, August, and September.
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Second-instar female (Figs 77 and 78)
Description: Slide-mounted specimens 0.7–0.8 mm long, 0.4–0.5 mm wide. Body broadly or elongate oval, without protruding anal lobes. Anal-lobe areas dorsally each with 2 flagellate setae; ventrally each with 2 or 3 flagellate setae sometimes including suranal seta and including anal-lobe seta.
Dorsum with flagellate setae forming 2 or 3 pairs of longitudinal lines on abdomen, more widely scattered on thorax and head; flagellate setae sometimes replace enlarged setae. Enlarged setae in 3 pairs of longitudinal lines (medial, mediolateral and lateral) on abdomen, lines less distinct on thorax and head often replaced by flagellate setae anteriorly in medial and mediolateral lines and in transverse rows on posterior thorax and abdomen to segment VII; of 1 size: largest seta 6–7 μm long; enlarged setae conical, laterally with nearly straight sides, with broadly rounded apices; moderately thick setal rings; not in dermal pockets; segment IV with 6–8 setae including 5 or 6 enlarged setae and 2 or 3 flagellate setae; segment IV with combined total of 6–8 enlarged setae dorsally and ventrally. Macrotubular ducts absent. Microtubular ducts each about 6 μm long, with area farthest from dermal orifice sclerotized and divided into 2 parts, apical portion rounded, about same size as remaining sclerotized portion; total sclerotized area same length as unsclerotized area; dermal orifice unsclerotized; without protruding tube. Microtubular duct distribution variable, restricted to submarginal areas from head to segment VIII, restricted to abdomen, restricted to head and thorax, or absent. Multilocular pores of 5-locular pore type only; on margin of head, sometimes on margin of abdomen. Cruciform pores variable, sometimes restricted to marginal areas of abdomen, sometimes restricted to margin of head and thorax, sometimes present along entire body margin, sometimes absent. Microtrichia absent.
Anal ring round, normally dorsal, occasionally bent around posterior apex, without cells and with weak sclerotization, anterior section unsclerotized, with 2 setae on each side of ring, posterior pair adjacent to ring, longest seta less than greatest diameter of anal ring; anal tube and anal ring unsclerotized, without anal flap.
Venter with longest flagellate seta on segment II 10–15 μm long, on segment VII 18–28 μm long; anal-lobe seta 77–88 μm long. Enlarged setae variable, marginal on any or all of head, thorax, or abdomen. Macrotubular ducts and microtubular ducts absent. Multilocular pores of 2–4 kinds: 5-locular pores most abundant over surface except absent from segments VI and VII; 3-, 4- and 7-locular pores in reduced numbers, most abundant near spiracles, 4- locular pores present or absent. Cruciform pores absent. Legs with each hind coxa with 1–4 indefinite pores; each femur with 2 or 3 setae, without proximal setae; hind tibia with 1–3 setae, without middle seta; hind tibia/tarsus 0.7–0.9. Antennae each 6-segmented, 75–82 μm long. Frontal lobes absent. Preantennal pore present. Microtrichia from prothorax or mesothorax to segment VIII, on hind 2 pairs of coxae.
Notes: The description is based on five specimens from one locality. All specimens appear to be teneral; this may explain the distorted shape of the legs. The second-instar female of Ov. salviae is most similar to the secondinstar female of Ov. neglectus in having each femur with three setae, and a similarly shaped anal ring. They differ as follows (character states in brackets are those of Ov. salviae): with ventral abdominal multilocular pores common, in rows of more than five on each abdominal segment (pores uncommon, arranged in mediolateral lines, usually with one or two on each side of each segment).
Adult male (Fig. 79)
Description: Slide-mounted specimens 1.0– 1.2 mm long, 0.3–0.4 mm wide. Body elongate, segment VIII not produced laterally.
Dorsum with 1 pair of tail-forming pore clusters (tfpc); each cluster with 2 elongate, apically blunt, but not capitate setae, of 2 distinct sizes: longest seta 62–72 μm long; shortest setae 42–48 μm long; with 8–10 multilocular pores (normally cluster oriented so that pores cannot be counted). Multilocular pores restricted to tail-forming pore clusters, each with 3-, 4- or 5-loculi, 4-locular pores most common. X-type pores (x) present near dorsal arm of midcranial ridge (dmcr), rarely absent. Flagellate setae slender, apically acute, curved, approximately same length as those on venter or slightly shorter, with 2 or 3 near margin, 2 mediolaterally, and 1 medially on each side of most of segments II to VII, with 1 pair of elongate setae in medial area of segment VIII; setae on metathorax and mesothorax, absent from prothorax; head setae posterior to postocular ridge (por) and along dorsal arm of midcranial ridge. Abdominal sclerotization absent except median tergal plate (mtp) VIII weakly sclerotized. Metapostnotal sclerites (pn3) present, metapostnotal ridge absent. Scutellar ridge (sclr) strongly developed. Scutum (sct) sclerotized throughout, except 2 circular areas adjacent to scutellum. Prescutum (prsc) rectangular, 1 specimen with circular clear area in medial area. Prescutal suture (pscs) weakly developed. Pronotal ridges (prnr) normally strongly developed; pronotal sclerites not observed. Hamulohalteres absent. Mesothoracic wings each without setae and alar lobe. Postoccipital ridge (por) weakly or strongly sclerotized, lateral ends normally bifurcate. Dorsal arm of midcranial ridge (dmcr) thin, touching postoccipital ridge posteriorly; connected to lateral (lmcr) and ventral arms (vmcr) of midcranial ridge anteriorly. Dorsomedial sclerite (dmep) lightly sclerotized. Dorsal eye (dse) approximately 28 μm in diameter. Lateral ocellus absent or weakly indicated where dorsal and ventral postocular ridges (procr) reach margin of head. Ocular sclerite (ocs) weakly sclerotized dorsally.
Penial sheath (ps) 100–122 μm long; elongate, width 58–65 μm; width/length 0.5–0.6, style (st) in lateral view straight, apically with several small papillae. Sheath with indication of division ventrally. Dorsal surface weakly sclerotized anteriorly, with 2 setae on each side; ventral surface with large membranous area as well as ventral longitudinal slit in medial areas, sclerotized anteriorly and laterally, with 3 setae on each side. Basal rod (br) small, not reaching anterior margin of penial sheath.
Venter usually with flagellate setae laterally and submedially, less abundant anteriorly; thoracic setae with or without single pair near anterior legs, usually with single pair anterior to hind legs; head setae present only near anterior portion of ventral arm of midcranial ridge (vamr). Abdominal sclerotization restricted to segment VIII, with inconspicuous plate in submedial area; without sclerotization elsewhere. Metathoracic precoxal ridge (pcr3) weakly developed or absent. Mesosternum (stn2) well-developed, with furca (fr); lateropleurites on mesothorax (lpl) triangular. Prosternum (stn1) varying from short or thin and triangular to rectangular. Mouth tubercle (mt) present. Preoral ridge (pror) weakly sclerotized, not touching postocular ridge (pocr). Cranial apophysis (ca) bifurcate. Ocular sclerite (ocs) unsclerotized except immediately surrounding ventral eye. Ventral eye (ve) 20–22 μm in diameter. Prothoracic or metathoracic legs longest. Trochanters each with 2 or 3 campaniform sensilla on each surface. Fleshy setae (fs) on outer distal portion of tibia and tarsus. Inner setae on apical margin of tibia enlarged, inner setae on tarsus not enlarged. Claw with small denticle; digitules on tarsus and claw weakly capitate. Antennae each 10-segmented, 385–390 μm long, third segment longest, 2.3 times longer than apical segment, tenth segment apically rounded. Fleshy setae on segments 3–10; capitate setae (cs) on segments 5 or 7–10 (many specimens without antennae, those with antennae often with setae broken).
Notes: The description is based on seven specimens from one locality. The adult male of Ov. salviae is most similar to the adult male of Ov. agavium. For a comparison, see the “Notes” section of that species.
Second-instar male (Fig. 80)
Description: Slide-mounted specimens 0.8 mm long, 0.4 mm wide. Body elongate oval, without protruding anal lobes. Anal-lobe areas dorsally each with 2 flagellate setae; ventrally each with 2 or 3 flagellate setae including anal-lobe seta.
Dorsum with flagellate setae scattered over entire surface, not forming obvious longitudinal lines. Enlarged setae absent. Macrotubular ducts scattered over entire surface. Microtubular ducts represented by single duct on segment VI, about 6 μm long, with area farthest from dermal orifice sclerotized and divided into 2 parts, apical portion rounded, about same size as remaining sclerotized portion; total sclerotized area same length as unsclerotized area; dermal orifice unsclerotized; without protruding tube. Multilocular and cruciform pores absent. Microtrichia absent.
Anal ring round, apical, without cells and with weak sclerotization, with 3 setae on each side of ring, longest seta shorter that greatest diameter of ring; anal tube and anal ring unsclerotized, without anal flap.
Venter with longest flagellate seta on segment II 25 μm long, on segment VII 25 μm long; anal-lobe seta 92 μm long. Enlarged setae absent. Macrotubular ducts scattered over entire surface. Microtubular ducts absent. Multilocular pores uncommon, when present on abdominal segments, with fewer than 2 on each side of each segment, all 5-locular, in medial areas of head, thorax, and anterior abdominal segments, also clustered near openings of spiracles. Cruciform pores absent. Legs without pores; each femur with 3 setae, without proximal setae; each tibia with 4 setae, without middle seta; hind tibia/tarsus 0.7. Antennae each 7-segmented, about 90 μm long. Frontal lobes absent. Preantennal pore present. Microtrichia from mesothorax to segment VIII, on hind 2 pairs of coxae.
Notes: The description is based on one specimen from one locality. The second-instar male of Ov. salviae is most similar to the second-instar male of Ov. neglectus in lacking dorsal cruciform pores, having each femur with three setae and having a simple non-cellular anal ring. They differ as follows (character states in brackets are those of Ov. salviae): with ventral abdominal multilocular pores common, in rows of more than five on each abdominal segment (pores are uncommon, arranged in mediolateral lines, usually with one or two on each side of some segments, often absent on several segments).
First-instar nymph (Fig. 81)
Description: Slide-mounted specimens 0.5–0.7 mm long, 0.2–0.4 mm wide. Body elongate oval to broadly oval, without protruding anal lobes. Anal-lobe areas dorsally each with 2 flagellate setae, with 0 or 1 microtubular duct; ventrally each with 2 or 3 flagellate setae including anal-lobe seta.
Dorsum with flagellate setae arranged in 3 pairs of longitudinal lines (medial, mediolateral and lateral) with 2 setae in each lateral line on mesothorax to segment VII, randomly scattered on head and prothorax. Enlarged setae absent. Microtubular ducts about 5–6 μm long, area farthest from dermal orifice sclerotized and divided into 2 parts, apical portion rounded, usually shorter than length of remaining sclerotized portion; total sclerotized area same length as unsclerotized area; dermal orifice unsclerotized. Microtubular ducts in mediolateral line on any or all of mesothorax, metathorax, segments I, II, V and VIII, also present laterally on segment I. Multilocular and cruciform pores absent. Microtrichia on segments II to VIII.
Anal ring on dorsum near abdomen apex or rarely bent around apex, weakly sclerotized, circular, posterior margin unsclerotized, non-cellular, with 2 or 3 setae on each side of ring, posteriormost pair of setae sometimes not attached to anal ring, each anal-ring seta slightly shorter than greatest diameter of ring, anal tube and anal ring unsclerotized, without anal flap.
Venter with longest flagellate seta on segment II 12–14 μm long, on segment VII 17–25 μm long; anal-lobe seta 80–137 μm long. Enlarged setae and microtubular ducts absent. Multilocular pores present at base of antennae, near eye, between front leg and mouthparts, laterad to front legs, 1 associated with each spiracle, 1 mesad to each mid and hind coxa, 3 or 4 forming mediolateral longitudinal line on each side of abdominal segments; of 3 kinds: 5- locular pores, 4-locular pores, and 3-locular pores; 4-locular pores uncommon, 5- and 3-locular pores in about equal numbers. Cruciform pores absent. Legs with hind tibia/tarsus 0.9–1.0; each femur with 3 setae, all distal, without proximal setae; each tibia with 4 setae, without middle seta. Antennae each 6-segmented, 92–115 μm long. Frontal lobes absent. Preantennal pore present. Microtrichia from metathorax to segment VIII, absent from coxae.
Notes: This description is based on 34 specimens from one locality. The first-instar nymph of Ov. salviae is most similar to the first-instar nymph of Ov. neglectus in having a poorly developed anal ring, lacking dorsal multilocular pores and by lacking dorsal cruciform pores. They differ as follows (character states of Ov. salviae are in brackets): dorsal enlarged setae present (absent).
description: Published as part of Miller, Douglass R. & Stocks, Ian C., 2022, New genera and species of felt scales (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Eriococcidae), with descriptions of new species and immature instars of described species, pp. 1-213 in Zootaxa 5221 (1) on pages 151-159, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5221.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7441371