cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stellar Populations in Ten Clump-Cluster Galaxies of the Ultra Deep Field
Creators: name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
name: Elmegreen, Debra Meloy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Color-color diagrams for the clump and interclump emission in 10 clump-cluster galaxies of the Ultra Deep Field are made from B,V,i, and z images and compared with models to determine redshifts, star formation histories, and galaxy masses. The clump colors suggest declining star formation over the last ~0.3 Gy, while the interclump emission is older. The clump luminous masses are typically 6x10^8 Msun and their diameters average 1.8 kpc. Total galaxy luminous masses average 6.5x10^10 Msun. The distribution of axial ratios is consistent with a thick disk geometry. The ages of the clumps are longer than their internal dynamical times by a factor of ~8, so they are stable clusters, but the clump densities are only ~10 times the limiting tidal densities, so they could be deformed by tidal forces. This is consistent with the observation that some clumps have tails. The clumps could form by gravitational instabilities in accreting disk gas, or they could be captured as gas-rich dwarf galaxies. Support for this second possibility comes from the high abundance of nearly identical bare clumps in the UDF field. Several clump-clusters have disk densities that are much larger than in local disks, suggesting they do not survive but get converted into ellipticals by collisions.
description: 34 pgs, including 12 figures, accepted by Astrophysical Journal for 20 July 2005 v.628
Properties of neutron star described by a relativistic $ab~ initio$ model
Creators: name: Wang, Chencan
name: Hu, Jinniu
name: Zhang, Ying
name: Shen, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of neutron star are investigated by an available relativistic $ab~ initio$ method, i.e., the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (RBHF) model, with the latest high-precision relativistic charge-dependent potentials, pvCD-Bonn A, B, C. The neutron star matter is solved within the beta equilibrium and charge neutrality conditions in the framework of RBHF model. Comparing to the conventional treatment, where the chemical potential of lepton was approximately represented by the symmetry energy of nuclear matter, the equation of state (EOS) of neutron star matter in the present self-consistent calculation with pvCD-Bonn B has striking difference above the baryon number density $n_b=0.55$ fm$^{-3}$. However, these differences influence the global properties of neutron star only about $1\%\sim2\%$. Then, three two-body potentials pvCD-Bonn A, B, C, with different tensor components, are systematically applied in RBHF model to calculate the properties of neutron star. It is found that the maximum masses of neutron star are around $2.21\sim2.30M_\odot$ and the corresponding radii are $R =11.18\sim11.72$ km. The radii of $1.4M_\odot$ neutron star are predicated as $R_{1.4} = 12.34\sim12.91$ km and their dimensionless tidal deformabilities are $Λ_{1.4} = 485\sim 626$. Furthermore, the direct URCA process in neutron star cooling will happen from $n_b=0.414\sim0.530$ fm$^{-3}$ with the proton fractions, $Y_p=0.136\sim0.138$. All of the results obtained from RBHF model only with two-body pvCD-Bonn potentials completely satisfy various constraints from recent astronomical observations of massive neutron stars, gravitational wave detection (GW 170817), and mass-radius simultaneous measurement (NICER).
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, accepted by Astrophys. J
Scanning tunneling microscopy simulations of poly(3-dodecylthiophene) chains adsorbed on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite
Creators: name: Dubois, M.
name: Latil, S.
name: Scifo, L.
name: Grevin, B.
name: Rubio, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a novel scheme to perform efficient simulations of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) of molecules weakly bonded to surfaces. Calculations are based on a tight binding (TB) technique including self-consistency for the molecule to predict STM imaging and spectroscopy. To palliate the lack of self-consistency in the tunneling current calculation, we performed first principles density-functional calculations to extract the geometrical and electronic properties of the system. In this way, we can include, in the TB scheme, the effects of structural relaxation upon adsorption on the electronic structure of the molecule. This approach is applied to the study of regioregular poly(3-dodecylthiophene) (P3DDT) polymer chains adsorbed on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). Results of spectroscopic calculations are discussed and compared with recently obtained experimental dat
description: 15 pages plus 5 figures in a tar file
Non-Diagonal and Mixed Squark Production at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Bozzi, G.
name: Fuks, B.
name: Klasen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate squared helicity amplitudes for non-diagonal and mixed squark pair production at hadron colliders, taking into account not only loop-induced QCD diagrams, but also previously unconsidered electroweak channels, which turn out to be dominant. Mixing effects are included for both top and bottom squarks. Numerical results are presented for several SUSY benchmark scenarios at both the CERN LHC and the Fermilab Tevatron, including the possibilities of light stops or sbottoms. The latter should be easily observed at the Tevatron in associated production of stops and sbottoms for a large range of stop masses and almost independently of the stop mixing angle. Asymmetry measurements for light stops at the polarized BNL RHIC collider are also briefly discussed.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures
EMPIRICAL MODELS, RULES, AND OPTIMIZATION: TURNING POSITIVE ECONOMICS ON ITS HEAD
Creators: name: Cattaneo, Andrea
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Cattaneo, Andrea
name: Robinson, Sherman
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper considers supply decisions by firms in a dynamic setting with adjustment costs and compares the behavior of an optimal control model to that of a rule-based system which relaxes the assumption that agents are explicit optimizers. In our approach, the economic agent uses believably simple rules in coping with complex situations. We estimate rules using an artificially generated sample obtained by running repeated simulations of a dynamic optimal control model of a firm’s hiring/firing decisions. We show that (i) agents using heuristics can behave as if they were seeking rationally to maximize their dynamic returns; (ii) the approach requires fewer behavioral assumptions relative to dynamic optimization and the assumptions made are based on economically intuitive theoretical results linking rule adoption to uncertainty; (iii) the approach delineates the domain of applicability of maximization hypotheses and describes the behavior of agents in situations of economic disequilibrium. The approach adopted uses concepts from fuzzy control theory. An agent, instead of optimizing, follows Fuzzy Associative Memory (FAM) rules which, given input and output data, can be estimated and used to approximate any non-linear dynamic process. Empirical results indicate that the fuzzy rule-based system performs extremely well in approximating optimal dynamic behavior in situations with limited noise. Simulations are also performed under increasingly noisy.
Central Blue Clumps in Elliptical Galaxies of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field
Creators: name: Elmegreen, Debra Meloy
name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
name: Ferguson, Thomas E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elliptical galaxies larger than 10 pixels in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (UDF) were surveyed for internal structure; 30 out of 100 in a sample of 884 morphologically classified galaxies exhibit large blue clumps near their centers. Unsharp-masked images of the best cases are presented. The distributions of the clumps on color-color and color-magnitude diagrams are about the same as the distributions of isolated objects in the UDF field with the same size, suggesting a possible accretion origin. In the few cases where redshifts are published, the clump masses and star-formation ages were determined from stellar evolution models, as were the galaxy masses. The clump mass scales with galaxy mass, probably because of selection effects, and ranges from 10^6 Msun to 10^8 Msun for galaxies with masses from 10^{9} Msun to 10^{11} Msun. The clump star formation age ranges between 10^7 yr and 2x10^8 yr. With partial evaporation and core contraction in the intervening years, some of these clumps could resemble globular clusters today. Stars that evaporate will contribute to the field population in the elliptical galaxy.
description: 12 pgs, including 3 figures, for April 20 2005 issue of Astrophysical Journal Letters
Deep XMM-Newton Observations of the Most Distant SPT-SZ Galaxy Cluster
Creators: name: Mantz, Adam B.
name: Allen, Steven W.
name: Morris, R. Glenn
name: Canning, Rebecca E. A.
name: Bayliss, Matthew
name: Bleem, Lindsey E.
name: Floyd, Benjamin T.
name: McDonald, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a 577 ks XMM-Newton observation of SPT-CL J0459-4947, the most distant cluster detected in the South Pole Telescope 2500 square degree (SPT-SZ) survey, and currently the most distant cluster discovered through its Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. The data confirm the cluster's high redshift, $z=1.71 \pm 0.02$, in agreement with earlier, less precise optical/IR photometric estimates. From the gas density profile, we estimate a characteristic mass of $M_{500}=(1.8 \pm 0.2) \times 10^{14}M_{Sun}$; cluster emission is detected above the background to a radius of $\sim 2.2 r_{500}$, or approximately the virial radius. The intracluster gas is characterized by an emission-weighted average temperature of $7.2 \pm 0.3$ keV and metallicity with respect to Solar of $0.37 \pm 0.08$. For the first time at such high redshift, this deep data set provides a measurement of metallicity outside the cluster center; at radii $r > 0.3 r_{500}$, we find it to be $0.33 \pm 0.17$, in good agreement with precise measurements at similar radii in the most nearby clusters, supporting an early enrichment scenario in which the bulk of the cluster gas is enriched to a universal metallicity prior to cluster formation, with little to no evolution thereafter. The leverage provided by the high redshift of this cluster tightens by a factor of 2 constraints on evolving metallicity models, when combined with previous measurements at lower redshifts.
description: 12 pages, to be published in MNRAS
FAQ zum Forschungsdatenmanagement (UB Hildesheim, Stiftung Universität Hildesheim).
Creators: name: Strauch, Annette
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FDM
Forschungsdatenmanagement
eScience
Bibliotheken
Universitätsbibliotheken
Forschungsdaten
Dataverse
Beratungen im FDM

description: Liste mit Fragen und Antworten zum Forschungsdatenmanagement, die häufig bei Beratungsgesprächen in der Universitätsbibliothek Hildesheim (Stiftung Universität Hildesheim) vorkommen.
Fractal Properties and Small-scale Structure of Cosmic String Networks
Creators: name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
name: Shellard, E. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a detailed numerical study of the small-scale and loop production properties of cosmic string networks, based on the largest and highest resolution string simulations to date. We investigate the non-trivial fractal properties of cosmic strings, in particular, the fractal dimension and renormalised string mass per unit length, and we also study velocity correlations. We demonstrate important differences between string networks in flat (Minkowski) spacetime and the two very similar expanding cases. For high resolution matter era network simulations, we provide strong evidence that small-scale structure has converged to `scaling' on all dynamical lengthscales, without the need for other radiative damping mechanisms. We also discuss preliminary evidence that the dominant loop production size is also approaching scaling.
description: 6 pages
A COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS OF MEXICO'S AGRICULTURAL POLICY REFORMS
Creators: name: Harris, Rebecca Lee
name: Harris, Rebecca Lee
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Since the late 1980s, Mexico has liberalized its agricultural sector, moving from a system of price supports, producer subsidies and consumer subsidies to a less distorting scheme in which market forces play a greater role. Coinciding with these agrarian and food policy reforms, the government has implemented the PROCAMPO system of direct payments to farmers. There is a general consensus that a direct payment program has the potential to be more efficient than a system of subsidies and supports. At the same time, there is widespread agreement that other policies need to be put in place to assure protection of the economically vulnerable segments of the population. Within this context, this paper uses a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to analyze the regional, household and economy-wide effects of switching from the old system of price supports and subsidies to the new system of PROCAMPO payments. A CGE model of Mexico is constructed with four rural regions and one urban region and a high disaggregation of the agricultural and food sectors. It also includes 15 households, defined according to region and income level to permit a rich analysis of distribution effects. The initial experiment consists of removing the PROCAMPO payments from the base year (1996) and adding back the subsidy and support scheme as it existed in 1993, the year before PROCAMPO began. Then two policies are tested under an exchange rate depreciation to see how each policy regime reacts to adverse shocks. The simulations demonstrate that in a static situation, lump sum payments are preferred to the system of subsidies and price supports. In the event of a negative external shock, the simulations suggest that the old system performs better in terms of output and rural incomes. However, urban households are worse off, and their size in total population may make this an unattractive policy.
Discount Factor as a Regularizer in Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Amit, Ron
name: Meir, Ron
name: Ciosek, Kamil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Specifying a Reinforcement Learning (RL) task involves choosing a suitable planning horizon, which is typically modeled by a discount factor. It is known that applying RL algorithms with a lower discount factor can act as a regularizer, improving performance in the limited data regime. Yet the exact nature of this regularizer has not been investigated. In this work, we fill in this gap. For several Temporal-Difference (TD) learning methods, we show an explicit equivalence between using a reduced discount factor and adding an explicit regularization term to the algorithm's loss. Motivated by the equivalence, we empirically study this technique compared to standard $L_2$ regularization by extensive experiments in discrete and continuous domains, using tabular and functional representations. Our experiments suggest the regularization effectiveness is strongly related to properties of the available data, such as size, distribution, and mixing rate.
description: Published in ICML 2020
Operation Merging for Hardware Implementations of Fast Polar Decoders
Creators: name: Ercan, Furkan
name: Tonnellier, Thibaud
name: Condo, Carlo
name: Gross, Warren J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Polar codes are a class of linear block codes that provably achieves channel capacity. They have been selected as a coding scheme for the control channel of enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) scenario for $5^{\text{th}}$ generation wireless communication networks (5G) and are being considered for additional use scenarios. As a result, fast decoding techniques for polar codes are essential. Previous works targeting improved throughput for successive-cancellation (SC) decoding of polar codes are semi-parallel implementations that exploit special maximum-likelihood (ML) nodes. In this work, we present a new fast simplified SC (Fast-SSC) decoder architecture. Compared to a baseline Fast-SSC decoder, our solution is able to reduce the memory requirements. We achieve this through a more efficient memory utilization, which also enables to execute multiple operations in a single clock cycle. Finally, we propose new special node merging techniques that improve the throughput further, and detail a new Fast-SSC-based decoder architecture to support merged operations. The proposed decoder reduces the operation sequence requirement by up to $39\%$, which enables to reduce the number of time steps to decode a codeword by $35\%$. ASIC implementation results with 65 nm TSMC technology show that the proposed decoder has a throughput improvement of up to $31\%$ compared to previous Fast-SSC decoder architectures.
description: 13 figures, 8 tables, 11 pages, published on November 3, 2018 in Journal of Signal Processing Systems (JSPS), vol. 91, pp. 995-1007
Extending the object-oriented enterprise modeling case tool from analysis to logical design
Creators: name: Lu, Jingxi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Object-Oriented Enterprise Modeling (OOEM) is a newly developed methodology for object-oriented analysis and design based on ontological theories. This study develops a new version of Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tool to support OOEM analysis, design, and redesign that aggregates information system components. The good features of previous OOEM CASE tools have been applied to this new tool. A structured database is designed to support different modeling functionality required by analysis, design, and redesign activities. Features that are common in different modeling activities are shared, while features specific to individual modeling activities are separated. The tool implemented OOEM decomposition to which design and redesign features can be added, supported visualization of OOEM design and redesign, and automated modeling transition from design to redesign. Semantics checks are extended from analysis to design and redesign in order to ensure model integrity and consistency. An empirical study is conducted to compare this new CASE tool with traditional pen and paper method. The tool is found to be successful in terms of system usefulness, user friendliness and modeling/design capability. The remaining problems associated with the tool and the corresponding remedies are discussed.
Global Stability Analysis of Reinforced Earth Wall Using Basal Reinforcement
Creators: name: Aqueeb Inamdar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90501 Civil Geotechnical Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The analysis of global stability of retaining structures has become a crucial aspect to consider before construction. Global stability relies on geometry of soil and is primarily dependent on soil conditions.Geotextiles with high tensile strength can contribute to the load carrying capacity of soil that is poor in tension and good in compression and thus help improve global stability of structures. This project is focusses on improving the safety factor of the reinforced earth wall by providing ParaWeb Geogrids between the soil layers as reinforcement and conducting a Global Stability Analysis on Slide 5.0 software. The model is designed on the slope stability software that depicts 8 layers of soil having different soil properties. ParaWeb Geogrid strips are provided between two walls and compacted after each layer. Each strip is having a specific tensile strength and is on a measured height. On the top-most layer of the soil, a Uniformly Distributed Load (UDL) is applied a basal reinforcement is placed at the bottom. The research paper shows how the safety factor can be improved by changing the tensile strengths of reinforcements in an earth wall so as to make it safe for construction and thus, save the structure from unforeseeable hazards.
title: Физическая культура. Теоретический зачет для студентов I курса специальной медицинской группы «Б»
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Профобразование, Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2021

description: В учебном пособии рассмотрены основы физической культуры (теория) для студентов специальной медицинской группы «Б». Подготовлено с учетом требований Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта среднего профессионального образования. Предназначено для самостоятельной подготовки к теоретическому зачету по дисциплине «Физическая культура» студентов специальной медицинской группы «Б» всех специальностей и профессий.
Decoherence processes in a current biased dc SQUID
Creators: name: Claudon, J.
name: Fay, A.
name: Lévy, L. P.
name: Buisson, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A current bias dc SQUID behaves as an anharmonic quantum oscillator controlled by a bias current and an applied magnetic flux. We consider here its two level limit consisting of the two lower energy states $| 0 \right>$ and $| 1 \right>$. We have measured energy relaxation times and microwave absorption for different bias currents and fluxes in the low microwave power limit. Decoherence times are extracted. The low frequency flux and current noise have been measured independently by analyzing the probability of current switching from the superconducting to the finite voltage state, as a function of applied flux. The high frequency part of the current noise is derived from the electromagnetic environment of the circuit. The decoherence of this quantum circuit can be fully accounted by these current and flux noise sources.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Half-Heusler thermoelectric materials: NMR studies
Creators: name: Tian, Yefan
name: Ghassemi, Nader
name: Ren, Wuyang
name: Hangtian, Zhu
name: Li, Shan
name: Zhang, Qian
name: Wang, Zhiming
name: Ren, Zhifeng
name: Ross, Joseph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report $^{59}$Co, $^{93}$Nb, and $^{121}$Sb nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations on a series of half-Heusler semiconductors, including NbCoSn, ZrCoSb, TaFeSb and NbFeSb, to better understand their electronic properties and general composition-dependent trends. These materials are of interest as potentially high efficiency thermoelectric materials. Compared to the other materials, we find that ZrCoSb tends to have a relatively large amount of local disorder, apparently antisite defects. This contributes to a small excitation gap corresponding to an impurity band near the band edge. In NbCoSn and TaFeSb, Curie-Weiss-type behavior is revealed, which indicates a small density of interacting paramagnetic defects. Very large paramagnetic chemical shifts are observed associated with a Van Vleck mechanism due to closely spaced $d$ bands splitting between the conduction and valence bands. Meanwhile, DFT methods were generally successful in reproducing the chemical shift trend for these half-Heusler materials, and we identify an enhancement of the larger-magnitude shifts, which we connect to electron interaction effects. The general trend is connected to changes in $d$-electron hybridization across the series.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures
title: Физическая культура. Теоретический зачет для студентов II курса специальной медицинской группы «Б»
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2021

description: В учебном пособии представлены материалы теоретического зачета III и IV семестров для студентов 2 курса специальной медицинской группы «Б», конкретизированы основные требования к зачету по семестрам, критерии оценок. Подготовлено с учетом требований Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования. Предназначено для студентов 2 курса специальной медицинской группы «Б», обучающихся по всем направлениям подготовки бакалавриата, для самостоятельной подготовки к теоретическому зачету по дисциплине «Физическая культура».
Minimizing makespan in flowshop with time lags
Creators: name: Fondrevelle, Julien
name: Oulamara, Ammar
name: Portmann, Marie-Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of minimizing the makespan in a flowshop involving maximal and minimal time lags. Time lag constraints generalize the classical precedence constraints between operations. We assume that such constraints are only defined between operations of the same job. We propose a solution method and present several extensions.
description: 2 pages. Also available at http://hal.inria.fr/inria-00000149
Supplementary materials, PDF file from Deficiency of the ribosomal protein uS10 (RPS20) reorganizes human cells translatome according to the abundance, CDS length and GC content of mRNAs
Creators: name: Tian, Yueming
name: Babaylova, Elena S.
name: Gopanenko, Alexander V.
name: Tupikin, Alexey E.
name: Kabilov, Marsel R.
name: Malygin, Alexey A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310803
subject: Plant cell and molecular biology
classificationCode: 310902
subject: Animal cell and molecular biology

description: The file contains tables with oligonucleotide sequences, figures related to the validation of NGS data using RT-qPCR, and Excel table headings.
title: Физическая культура. Теоретический зачет для студентов II курса специальной медицинской группы «Б»
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Профобразование, Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2021

description: В учебном пособии представлены материалы для подготовки к теоретическому зачету для студентов 2 курса специальной медицинской группы «Б». Рассмотрены все основные темы, предусмотренные рабочей программой. Подготовлено с учетом требований Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта среднего профессионального образования. Предназначено для студентов специальной медицинской группы «Б», обучающихся по всем специальностям и профессиям, для самостоятельной подготовки к теоретическому зачету по дисциплине «Физическая культура».
Search for Theta+ via pi- p --> K- X reaction near production threshold
Creators: name: Miwa, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched for $Θ^{+}$ via $π^{-}p \to K^{-}X$ reaction using 1.87 and 1.92 GeV/c $π^{-}$ beam at the K2 beam line of the KEK 12 GeV Proton Synchrotron. In the missing mass spectrum at beam momentum of 1.92 GeV/$c$, a bump has been found at 1530 MeV/$c^{2}$ which is consistent with the mass reported by several experiments. The statistical significance of this bump, however, is only 2.5$-2.7σ$. Therefore we have derived the upper limit of $Θ^{+}$ production cross section via $π^{-}p \to K^{-}Θ^{+}$ reaction which is 4.3$μ$b at 90% confidence level assuming that $Θ^{+}$ is produced isotropically in the center of mass system.
description: 12pages, 6figures, to be published in Physics Letters B
A Record-High Ion Storage Capacity of T-Graphene as Two-Dimensional Anode Material for Li-ion and Na-ion Batteries
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaoming
name: Jin, Lei
name: Dai, Xuefang
name: Chen, Guifeng
name: Liu, Guodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Developing applicable two-dimensional (2D) electrode materials with high performance, especially with high ion storage capacity, has become an ever more obsessive quest in recent years. Based on first-principles calculations, we report that T-graphene, a new carbon-based 2D material, has a record-high Li/Na storage capacity. The capacity of T-graphene is as high as 2233.2 mA h g-1 for Li, and can reach 2357.2 mA h g-1 for Na, which are 6 times as much as that of the commercial graphite and are the highest among 2D anode materials identified so far. We demonstrate that the ultrahigh storage capacity of T-graphene mostly benefits from its low atomic mass and special periodic lattice structure. T-graphene has not only the ultrahigh storage capacity but also hosts the stable ion adsorption, good electric conductivity, fast ion diffusion speed, and low open-circuit voltage, which are merits required as a superior anode material for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries with ultrahigh storage capacity.
description: 4 figures
A configurable computer simulation model for reducing patient waiting time in oncology departments
Creators: name: Corsini, R. R.
name: Costa, A.
name: Fichera, S.
name: Pluchino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nowadays, the increase in patient demand and the decline in resources are lengthening patient waiting times in many chemotherapy oncology departments. Therefore, enhancing healthcare services is necessary to reduce patient complaints. Reducing the patient waiting times in the oncology departments represents one of the main goals of healthcare manager. Simulation models are considered an effective tool for identifying potential ways to improve patient flow in oncology departments. This paper presents a new agent-based simulation model designed to be configurable and adaptable to the needs of oncology departments which have to interact with an external pharmacy. When external pharmacies are utilized, a courier service is needed to deliver the individual therapies from the pharmacy to the oncology department. An oncology department located in southern Italy was studied through the simulation model and different scenarios were compared with the aim of selecting the department configuration capable of reducing the patient waiting times.
description: 40 pages, 3 figures, 7 tables
Restoring Unitarity in BTZ Black Hole
Creators: name: Solodukhin, Sergey N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whether or not system is unitary can be seen from the way it, if perturbed, relaxes back to equilibrium. The relaxation of semiclassical black hole can be described in terms of correlation function which exponentially decays with time. In the momentum space it is represented by infinite set of complex poles to be identified with the quasi-normal modes. This behavior is in sharp contrast to the relaxation in unitary theory in finite volume: correlation function of the perturbation in this case is quasi-periodic function of time and, in general, is expected to show the Poincaré recurrences. In this paper we demonstrate how restore unitarity in the BTZ black hole, the simplest example of eternal black hole in finite volume. We start with reviewing the relaxation in the semiclassical BTZ black hole and how this relaxation is mirrored in the boundary conformal field theory as suggested by the AdS/CFT correspondence. We analyze the sum over $SL(2,{\bf Z})$ images of the BTZ space-time and suggest that it does not produce a quasi-periodic relaxation, as one might have hoped, but results in correlation function which decays by power law. We develop our earlier suggestion and consider a non-semiclassical deformation of the BTZ space-time that has structure of wormhole connecting two asymptotic regions semiclassically separated by horizon. The small deformation parameter $λ$ is supposed to have non-perturbative origin to capture the finite N behavior of the boundary theory. The discrete spectrum of perturbation in the modified space-time is computed and is shown to determine the expected unitary behavior: the corresponding time evolution is quasi-periodic with hierarchy of large time scales $\ln 1/λ$ and $1/λ$ interpreted respectively as the Heisenberg and Poincaré time scales in the system.
description: 23 pages; v3: statement on convergence of (c,d) sum corrected, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
New timing measurement results of 16 pulsars
Creators: name: Liu, Jie
name: Yan, Zhen
name: Shen, Zhi-Qiang
name: Huang, Zhi-Peng
name: Zhao, Ru-Shuang
name: Wu, Ya-Jun
name: Yuan, Jian-Ping
name: Wu, Xin-Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar's position, proper motion and parallax are important parameters in timing equations. It is a really challenging work to fit astrometric parameters accurately through pulsar timing, especially for pulsars that show irregular timing properties. As the fast development of related techniques, it is possible to measure astrometric parameters of more and more pulsars in a model$\textrm{-}$independent manner with the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI). In this work, we select 16 normal pulsars, whose parallax and proper motion have not been successfully fitted with timing observations or show obvious differences with corresponding latest VLBI solutions, and do further studies on their timing properties. After updating astrometric parameters in pulsar ephemerides with the latest VLBI measurements, we derive the latest rotation solutions of these pulsars with observation data at S and C$\textrm{-}$band obtained from the Shanghai Tian Ma Radio Telescope (TMRT). Compared with spin frequency $ν$ inferred from previous rotation solutions, the newly$\textrm{-}$fitted $ν$ show differences larger than 10$^{-9}$ Hz for most pulsars. The contribution of the Shklovsky effect to period derivative $\dot{P}$ can be properly removed taking advantages of accurate proper motion and distance of target pulsars measured by VLBI astrometry. This further leads to a precise estimate of intrinsic characteristic age $τ_{\rm c}$. Differences between the newly$\textrm{-}$measured $τ_{\rm c}$ and corresponding previous results are as large as 2% for some pulsars. VLBI astrometric parameter solutions also lead to better measurements of timing irregularities. For PSR B0154$+$61, the glitch epoch (MJD 58279.5) measured with previous ephemeris is about 13 d later than the result (MJD 58266.4) obtained with VLBI astrometric parameter solutions.
Aspects of Dirichlet S-branes
Creators: name: Durin, Bruno
name: Pioline, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note, we discuss some features of the Dirichlet S-brane, defined as a Dirichlet boundary condition on a time-like embedding coordinate of open strings. We analyze the Euclidean theory on the S-brane world-volume, and trace its instability to the infinite fine-tuning of the initial conditions required to produce an infinitely extended space-like defect. Using their equivalence under T-duality with D-branes with supercritical electric field, we argue that under generic perturbation, S-branes turn into D-brane / anti-D-branes. We extract the imaginary part of the cylinder amplitude, and interpret its inverse as a ``decay length'', beyond which a pair of S-branes annihilates. Finally, we reconsider the boundary state of the Dirichlet S-brane and find that it is either a solution of type II string theory with imaginary R-R fields, or a solution of type II$^*$ with real fields. This leaves the non-BPS S-branes as potentially physical solutions of type II string theory.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, uses JHEP3.cls
Mid-Infrared Single Photon Counting
Creators: name: Temporao, Guilherme
name: Tanzilli, Sebastien
name: Zbinden, Hugo
name: Gisin, Nicolas
name: Aellen, Thierry
name: Giovannini, Marcella
name: Faist, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a procedure to detect mid-infrared single photons at 4.65 um via a two-stage scheme based on Sum Frequency Generation, using a Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate (PPLN) nonlinear crystal and a Silicon Avalanche Photodiode. An experimental investigation shows that, in addition to a high timing resolution, this technique yields a detection sensitivity of 1.24 pW with 63mW of net pump power.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Optics Letters
Two-dimensional Weyl nodal line semimetal in high Curie temperature d0 ferromagnet K2N monolayer
Creators: name: Jin, Lei
name: Zhang, Xiaoming
name: Liu, Ying
name: Dai, Xuefang
name: Shen, Xunan
name: Wang, Liying
name: Liu, Guodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nodal line semimetals in two-dimensional (2-D) materials have attracted intense attention currently. From fundamental physics and spintronic applications points of view, high Curie temperature ferromagnetic (FM) ones with nodal lines robust against spin-orbit coupling (SOC) are significantly in desirable. Here, we propose that FM K2N monolayer is such Weyl nodal line semimetal. We show that K2N monolayer is dynamically stable, and has a FM ground magnetic state with the out-of-plane [001] magnetization. It shows two nodal lines in the low-energy band structures. Both nodal lines are robust against SOC, under the protection of mirror symmetry. We construct an effective Hamiltonian, which can well characterize the nodal lines in the system. Remarkably, the nodal line semimetal proposed here is distinct from the previously studied ones in that K2N monolayer is 2-D d0-type ferromagnet with the magnetism arising from the partially filled N-p orbitals, which can bring special advantages in spintronic applications. Besides, the Curie temperature in K2N monolayer is estimated to be 942K, being significantly higher than previous FM nodal lines materials. We also find that, specific tensile strains can transform the nodal line from type-I to a type-II one, making its nodal line characteristics even more interesting.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
CONSUMER CONCERNS ABOUT BIOTECHNOLOGY:I NTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Creators: name: Hallman, William K.
name: Hallman, William K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: A national survey conducted by the Food Policy Institute demonstrates the lack of knowledge and awareness most Americans have of genetically modified foods. The paper provides insight into public perceptions of food biotechnology's risks and benefits and a preliminary examination of consumers' stated preferences for genetically modified functional foods.
Generalized solutions of the Vlasov-Poisson system with singular data
Creators: name: Kmit, Irina
name: Kunzinger, Michael
name: Steinbauer, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35A05; 46F30, 35Q72, 82C22

description: We study spherically symmetric solutions of the Vlasov-Poisson system in the context of algebras of generalized functions. This allows to model highly concentrated initial configurations and provides a consistent setting for studying singular limits of the system. The proof of unique solvability in our approach depends on new stability properties of the system with respect to perturbations.
description: 16 pages, LaTeX, final version, to apppear in JMAA
IMPACT OF THE 2002 BIOTERRORISM ACT ON THE NEW JERSEY FOOD INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Onyango, Benjamin M.
name: Schilling, Brian J.
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Onyango, Benjamin M.
name: Schilling, Brian J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This paper provides an overview of the four key sections of the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002, with regard to Administrative Detention (Section 303), Facilities Registration (Section 305), Records and Maintenance (Section 306), and Prior Notice of Food Imports (Section 307). The potential impacts of the Bioterrorism Act on the food industry are examined through qualitative analysis of industry submissions to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) docket for each provision, and quantitatively through survey results, which were administered online by the Food Institute (FI) of Woodbridge, NJ and analyzed by Rutgers, Food Policy Institute (FPI). Of the four key sections from the Bioterrorism Act that most affect the food industry, stakeholders were surveyed on two sections, Prior notice of Food Imports and Facilities Registration. While survey responses reveal that many food firms are aware of pending Bioterrorism Act policies, few however, have taken action towards compliance. Facilities registration is touted as the least cumbersome in terms of compliance. Results indicate that 50 percent of food industry professionals surveyed were not aware that many food firms must register with the FDA by the 12 December 2003 deadline; and, 20 percent, while aware of the facilities registration deadline, have done nothing to prepare. Being unprepared for and subsequently complying with Bioterrorism Act rules is an overarching concern, which is apparent in both the survey results and docket summaries. Moreover, upon review of docket submissions to the FDA, it seems that food firms are generally sympathetic towards the need for increased food system security; however, the impact of the Bioterrorism Act can be both daunting and costly. Many perceive that significant changes to capitol costs will be required to meet FDA standards.
Optical Readout Time Projection Chamber (O-TPC) for a Study of Oxygen Formation In Stellar Helium Burning
Creators: name: Gai, Moshe
name: Breskin, Amos
name: Chechik, Rachel
name: Dangendorf, Volker
name: Weller, Henry R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are developing an Optical Readout Time Projection Chamber (O-TPC) detector for the study of the 12C(a,g)16O reaction that determines the ratio of carbon to oxygen in helium burning. This ratio is crucial for understanding the final fate of a progenitor star and the nucleosynthesis of elements prior to a Type II supernova; an oxygen rich star is predicted to collapse to a black hole, and a carbon rich star to a neutron star. Type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) are used as standard candles for measuring cosmological distances with the use of an empirical light curve-luminosity stretching factor. It is essential to understand helium burning that yields the carbon/oxygen white dwarf and thus the initial stage of SNeIa. The O-TPC is intended for use with high intensity photon beams extracted from the HIgS/TUNL facility at Duke University to study the 16O(g,a)12C reaction, and thus the direct reaction at energies as low as 0.7 MeV. We are conducting a systematical study of the best oxygen containing gas with light emitting admixture(s) for use in such an O-TPC. Preliminary results with CO_2 + TEA mixture were obtained
description: Proceedings 21st Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics, Breckenridge, CO, February 5-12, 2005. Work Supported by USDOE Grant No. DE-FG02-94ER40870 and the Yale-Weizmann Collaboration, American Committe on Weizmann Institute of Science
title: Improving force values for the unfolding thresholds of talin’s rod subdomains through force-domain simulations designed for the spatial and temporal ranges of talin
Creators: name: Butcher, Guy
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2022

description: Most cells or proteins exist in a high force environment, meaning that they must
be able to generate, withstand or transmit high levels of forces. The signalling
response of talin (a core structural and signalling protein in platelet focal adhesions), for example, is the product of its rod domains unfolding and either ejecting
bound ligands or allowing new ligands to bind. Modelling force effects at a molecular level is therefore helpful in understanding when talin signals other platelet
processes, such as focal adhesion maturation and platelet contraction. This, in
turn, may impact the understanding of diseases related to platelet binding and
aggregation, as well as thrombus formation, contraction, and lysis.
Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to improve the calculated magnitude and
range of force values for the unfolding thresholds of talin’s rod domain. This was
done by creating a novel model of talin’s rod domain alpha-helices. This model
was subsequently used in a newly developed force-based simulation framework
to calculate intermolecular electrostatic interactions. The unique features of this
method were: the new coarse-grain-like alpha-helix models derived from protein
structural data, the use of a coordinate frame system to manage and manipulate
the objects within the simulation, and the direct calculation of interaction forces.
This approach was chosen as other computational methods such as molecular
dynamics simulations produce erroneously large unfolding force ranges that are
up to ∼ 7500% larger than the physiologically relevant range of forces for the
unfolding of talin’s rod domain. Through the method developed for this thesis, a
range of unfolding forces were calculated for talin’s rod subdomains of ∼1 pN to
∼49 pN. This is an improvement compared to previous computational methods.
Thus, the improvements in results are significant enough to warrant the effort in
developing these new simulation approaches targeted at force interactions at the
molecular level.
Orientational symmetry-breaking correlations in square lattice t-J model
Creators: name: Miyanaga, Akiharu
name: Yamase, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a tendency to orientational symmetry breaking of the square lattice t-J model by applying the exact diagonalization technique. We introduce a small external anisotropy to t and J, and calculate the induced anisotropy of hole-hole correlations as a response. It is found that the response is strongly enhanced for particular band parameters, meaning that the system has a strong tendency to orientational symmetry breaking. The analysis of the momentum distribution function indicates that the correlation develops when the Fermi surface is close to (pi,0) and (0,pi). Some properties of high-Tc cuprates previously attributed to stripes can also be understood from orientational symmetry breaking alone.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures