cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Medicaid Long-Term Services and Supports in Maryland: Community Personal Assistance Service Waiver: FY 2019 to FY 2022
Creators: name: Institute, The Hilltop
Publisher: name: The Hilltop Institute
Year: 2024

description: The Community Personal Assistance Services (CPAS) program is a state plan program that provides in?home personal assistance services, nurse monitoring, and supports planning to older adults and individuals who need assistance with at least one activity of daily living. This infographic presents information for fiscal year (FY) 2019 to FY 2022.
Cacoxenus (Gitonides) perspicax
Creators: name: El-Hawagry, Magdi S.
name: Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz
name: Ebrahim, Ayman M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Cacoxenus
Cacoxenus perspicax

description: Cacoxenus (Gitonides) perspicax (Knab, 1914)
Gitonides perspicax Knab, 1914: 166. Lectotype, female (designated by Bächli, 1982: 291). USA (Hawaii: Honolulu) (USNM).
Distribution: AF: Central & south Africa. AU, OR: Australia, Widespread from Hawaii to southeast Asia. PA: Egypt.
Egyptian localities: Upper Nile Valley: Assiout (Bächli et al. 1982).
Dates of collection: March (Bächli et al. 1982).
description: Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S., Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz & Ebrahim, Ayman M., 2018, Catalogue of the Egyptian Ephydroidea (Diptera: Schizophora: Acalyptratae), pp. 201-246 in Zootaxa 4444 (3) on page 239, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1309626
Polysyncraton amethysteum Van Name 1902
Creators: name: Monniot, Françoise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Polysyncraton
Polysyncraton amethysteum

description: Polysyncraton amethysteum Van Name, 1902
Figure 4 D.
Stations. SC9; SC12; SC13; SS2; SS3; SS4; SS12; SR8; SR10; SR11; SR14; SR21; SR23; SR25; SB3.
Common on all kinds of substrates the colonies in large or small thin crusts are variable in a colour, always purple but more or less dark. The spicule density varies and they are sometimes absent or restricted to the colony surface. The Guiana material has been compared to specimens from Bermuda in the MNHN collection and all characters are similar. The thorax has a large atrial languet and a muscular thoracic appendage. The testis is divided into 4 lobes, rarely less, circled by the sperm duct in 4 to 5 turns. The larva 0.85mm in length (Fig. 4 D) has 3 adhesive papillae, 8 pairs of ampullae and one lateral bud. The spicules are variable in size: the largest do not exceed 50µm and are made of balls of needles.
P. amethysteum is present on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean and recorded as well in the Caribbean and along the Brazilian coast (Monniot F. 1984; Rocha, Moreno & Metri 2005).
description: Published as part of Monniot, Françoise, 2016, Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French Guiana Expedition, pp. 201-245 in Zootaxa 4114 (3) on pages 207-208, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/257053
Procorticacarus togalus
Creators: name: Smit, Harry
name: Pešić, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hygrobatidae
Procorticacarus
Procorticacarus togalus

description: Procorticacarus togalus (Cook, 1986)
Material examined. New South Wales. 0/1/0, Boolijah Creek, Morton NP, 35°06.857 S 150°18.137 E, 540 m asl, 29-i-2024.
Distribution. New South Wales and Queensland.
description: Published as part of Smit, Harry & Pešić, Vladimir, 2025, New records of hygrobatid water mites from SE Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia Hygrobatidae) with the description of ten new species, pp. 481-521 in Zootaxa 5566 (3) on page 513, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/14703311
Procorticacarus victorianus
Creators: name: Smit, Harry
name: Pešić, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hygrobatidae
Procorticacarus
Procorticacarus victorianus

description: Procorticacarus victorianus (K.O. Viets, 1978)
Material examined. Victoria. 1/0/0, Morses Creek along Morses Creek Road, S of Bright, 36°49.393 S 146°58.527 E, 429 m asl, 14-ii-2024; 1/0/0, Staevenson River at Ackneamen Bridge, 37°27.914 S 145°44.160 E, 315 m asl, 22-ii-2024. New South Wales. 1/0/0, Dilgry River, Barrington Tops NP, 31°53.639 S 151°31.590 E, 1200 m asl, 10-i-2024; 11/7/0, Polblue Creek, Barrington Tops NP, 31°55.553 S 151°23.273 E, 1233 m asl, 10-i-2024; 1/0/0, Manning River at campground, Barrington Tops NP, 31°52.790 S 151°29.431 E, 1190 m asl, 10-i-2024; 1/0/0, Snowy River at Foremans Crossing, interstitial, Kosciuszko NP, 36°25.812 S 148°19.342 E, 1725 m asl, 9-ii-2024; 5/3/0, Snowy River at Foremans Crossing, Kosciuszko NP, 36°25.812 S 148°19.342 E, 1725 m asl, 9-ii-2024; 1/2/0, Leatherbarrel Creek, crossing Alpine Way, Kosciuszko NP, 36°31.523 S 148°11.626 E, 975 m asl, 10-ii-2024; 5/1/0, Swampy Plains River at Geehi Flats Picnic Area, Kosciuszko NP, 36°23.121 S 148°10.845 E, 435 m asl, 11-ii-2024; 1/0/0, Thredbo River at crossing with Alpine Way, Kosciuszko NP, 36°31.375 S 148°15.844 E, 1552 m asl, 19-ii- 2024.
Distribution. Tasmania, Victoria, New South Wales.
description: Published as part of Smit, Harry & Pešić, Vladimir, 2025, New records of hygrobatid water mites from SE Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia Hygrobatidae) with the description of ten new species, pp. 481-521 in Zootaxa 5566 (3) on page 513, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/14703311
Braula Nitzsch
Creators: name: El-Hawagry, Magdi S.
name: Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz
name: Ebrahim, Ayman M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Braulidae
Braula

description: Genus BRAULA Nitzsch
Braula Nitzsch 1818: 314. Type species: Braula coeca Nitzsch, 1818, by monotypy.
Entomibia Costa, 1846: 291. Type species: Entomibia apum Costa, 1846, by monotypy.
Melitomyia Bigot, 1885. Type species: Braula coeca Nitzsch, 1818, by automatic designation.
description: Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S., Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz & Ebrahim, Ayman M., 2018, Catalogue of the Egyptian Ephydroidea (Diptera: Schizophora: Acalyptratae), pp. 201-246 in Zootaxa 4444 (3) on page 239, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1309626
Krantzolaspina Datta & Bhattacharjee 1989
Creators: name: Hajizadeh, Jalil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Parholaspididae
Krantzolaspina

description: Genus Krantzolaspina Datta & Bhattacharjee, 1989
Krantzolaspina Datta & Bhattacharjee, 1989: 411.
Type species Krantzolaspina rebatti Datta & Bhattacharjee, 1989. by original designation
description: Published as part of Hajizadeh, Jalil, 2022, Review of the Iranian Parholaspidid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) with a key to the species, pp. 229-240 in Zootaxa 5178 (3) on page 232, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5178.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7026116
Frustrated total internal reflection
Creators: name: Rivera, Jeremiah
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2024

description: Theories of both friction and adhesion can be used to analyze biological phenomena, like the feet of a gecko, but will fall short in painting a full picture of the contact dynamics. This is difficult to accomplish without knowing how much of a surface is actually in contact, and how the body comes into contact. Our goal is to use Frustrated Total Internal Reflection (FTIR) analyze contact area. When light from a denser medium is incident on a less dense medium at an angle greater than the critical angle, it is totally internally reflected. The transmitted light’s intensity reaches 0, but does not disappear, it becomes an evanescent wave. Unlike a standard ray of light, an evanescent wave tapers off exponentially as it gets further away from the initial surface. When a 3rd dense medium is introduced in a close proximity (within the nanoscale) to the evanescent wave, light passes into it, subtracting from reflected light’s intensity (FTIR). By observing the absence of light from the reflected ray, the contact area can be measured precisely.
Procorticacarus longipalpis Cook 1986
Creators: name: Smit, Harry
name: Pešić, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hygrobatidae
Procorticacarus
Procorticacarus longipalpis

description: Procorticacarus longipalpis Cook, 1986
Material examined. New South Wales. 0/2/0, Merritts Creek, Kosciuszko NP, 36°27.512 S 148°17.512 E, 1942 m asl, 8-ii-2024
Remarks. The juvenile females from Merritts Creek are ventrally 481–488 long and 409–412 long. It is therefore much smaller than the specimens of Cook (1986). Morphology of examined female, however, agrees well with Cook’s description.
Distribution. Tasmania, New South Wales and Victoria.
description: Published as part of Smit, Harry & Pešić, Vladimir, 2025, New records of hygrobatid water mites from SE Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia Hygrobatidae) with the description of ten new species, pp. 481-521 in Zootaxa 5566 (3) on pages 513-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/14703311
title: Medicaid Long-Term Services and Supports in Maryland: Community Personal Assistance Services Program FY 2019 to FY 2021
Creators: name: Institute, The Hilltop
Publisher: name: The Hilltop Institute
Year: 2024

description: The Community Personal Assistance Services (CPAS) program is a state plan program that provides in?home personal assistance services, nurse monitoring, and supports planning to older adults and individuals who need assistance with at least one activity of daily living. This infographic presents information for fiscal year (FY) 2019 to FY 2021.
THESIS PAPER OF UTSHA PAUL_UNDER VOLTAGE & OVER VOLTAGE CONTROL AND CURRENT MEASUREMENT SYSTEM BY USING ARDUINO.pdf
Creators: name: Paul, Utsha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 400805
subject: Electrical energy transmission, networks and systems
classificationCode: 400803
subject: Electrical energy generation (incl. renewables, excl. photovoltaics)

description: Building an undervoltage, overvoltage control, and current measurement system using Arduino offers numerous learning opportunities. Firstly, it involves understanding basic electrical principles such as voltage, current, and resistance. We'll delve into Arduino programming, learning how to read analog and digital inputs and control outputs based on predefined thresholds. Additionally, we'll gain insights into sensor interfacing and calibration for accurate voltage and current measurement. Overall, this project offers a comprehensive hands-on learning experience in both the electronics and programming realms.
Krantzolaspina angustatus
Creators: name: Hajizadeh, Jalil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Parholaspididae
Krantzolaspina
Krantzolaspina angustatus

description: Krantzolaspina angustatus (Ishikawa, 1987)
Proparholaspulus angustatus Ishikawa, 1987: 82.
Proparholaspulus angustatus.— Bhattacharyya & Kheto, 2016: 636.
Indutolaelaps jiroftensis Hajizadeh et al., 2017: 670. Synonymy by Quintero-Gutiérrez et al. (2020).
Krantzolaspina angustatus.— Quintero-Gutiérrez et al., 2020: 51; Quintero-Gutiérrez & Halliday, 2021: 425.
Habitat and distribution in Iran: Kerman Province, Jiroft, soil and litter at the base of Phoenix dactylifera L. and Citrus sinensis (L.); Esfahan Province, soil (Kadkhodaei et al., 2013; Hajizadeh et al., 2017; Nemati et al., 2018).
World Distribution: Philippine and Iran. Holotype for P. angustatus: Philippines, Palawan Island, Olanguan Falls, litter in tropical rainforest. For I. jiroftensis: Iran, Jiroft City, Kerman Province, soil and litter at the base of Phoenix dactylifera (Quintero-Gutiérrez & Halliday, 2021).
Note: This species was described in the genus Indutolaelaps Karg, 1997 (Leptolaelapidae) (Hajizadeh et al., 2017), but Quintero-Gutiérrez et al. (2020) synonymised Indutolaelaps jiroftensis Hajizadeh et al., 2017 with Krantzolaspina angustatus (Ishikawa, 1987).
description: Published as part of Hajizadeh, Jalil, 2022, Review of the Iranian Parholaspidid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) with a key to the species, pp. 229-240 in Zootaxa 5178 (3) on pages 232-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5178.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7026116
Procorticacarus gennadus Cook 1986
Creators: name: Smit, Harry
name: Pešić, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hygrobatidae
Procorticacarus
Procorticacarus gennadus

description: Procorticacarus gennadus Cook, 1986
Material examined. New South Wales. 0/1/0, Snowy River at Foremans Crossing, interstitial, Kosciuszko NP, 36°25.812 S 148°19.342 E, 1725 m asl, 9-ii-2024
Remark. The examined female generally matches description of P. gennadus. The dorsal glandularia are somewhat further apart, but this is in agreement with Cook (1986).
description: Published as part of Smit, Harry & Pešić, Vladimir, 2025, New records of hygrobatid water mites from SE Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia Hygrobatidae) with the description of ten new species, pp. 481-521 in Zootaxa 5566 (3) on page 514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/14703311
Neparholaspis Evans 1956
Creators: name: Hajizadeh, Jalil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Parholaspididae
Neparholaspis

description: Genus Neparholaspis Evans, 1956
Neparholaspis Evans, 1956: 361.
Type species Neparholaspis spathulatus Evans, 1956, by original designation.
Tricholaspis Evans, 1956: 359.
Type species Tricholaspis marginalis Evans, 1956, by original designation. Synonymy by Krantz, 1960: 405.
description: Published as part of Hajizadeh, Jalil, 2022, Review of the Iranian Parholaspidid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) with a key to the species, pp. 229-240 in Zootaxa 5178 (3) on page 233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5178.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7026116
title: Medicaid Long-Term Services and Supports in Maryland: Community Supports Waiver FY 2018 to FY 2021
Creators: name: Institute, The Hilltop
Publisher: name: The Hilltop Institute
Year: 2024

description: The Community Supports Waiver (CSW) provides community-based services and supports to individuals of all ages with developmental or intellectual disabilities. This infographic presents information for fiscal year (FY) 2018 to FY 2021.
Neparholaspis arcuatus Petrova 1977
Creators: name: Hajizadeh, Jalil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Parholaspididae
Neparholaspis
Neparholaspis arcuatus

description: Neparholaspis arcuatus Petrova, 1977
Neparholaspis arcuatus Petrova, 1977: 343.
Neparholaspis arcuatus.— Karg, 1993: 115; Quintero-Gutiérrez & Halliday, 2021: 426.
Material examined: One female, Fuman, 37°12’51.30”N, 49°15’37.57”E, 70 m, collected from soil, October 2018; 1 female 3 males, Otaghvar, Langarud, 37°5’46.82”N, 50°6’45.46”E, 175 m, collected from soil, December 2019; one female, Vajargah, Kelachay, 37°2’37.92”N, 50°23’59.60”E, 4 m, collected from soil, November 2019; 1 female, Otaghvar-Langarud, 37°6’1.31”N, 50°6’22.32”E, 70 m, collected from soil, December 2019; 1 female, Rahimabad, Rudsar, 37°0’27.61”N, 50°16’56.13”E, 392 m, collected from soil, November 2019; 1 female, Amlash, 37°5’32.64”N, 50°8’57.80”E, 123 m, collected from soil, December 2019; 4females, Rasht, Keshel Varzal Village, 37°10’59”N 49°38’42”E, 34 m, litter, February 2019; 5 females, Rasht, Bijar Boneh Village, 37°18’10”N 49°39’10”E, - 6 m, litter, May 2019.
Habitat and distribution in Iran: Mazandaran Province, soil and litter (Kazemi et al., 2014; Saberi et al., 2016; Nemati et al., 2018; Hajizadeh et al., 2020; Ghasemi & Hajizadeh, 2021).
World Distribution: Korea and Russia. Holotype Russia, Sakhalin Island, Kuril Islands; Kunashir, Shikotan Island, forest litter (Quintero-Gutiérrez & Halliday, 2021).
description: Published as part of Hajizadeh, Jalil, 2022, Review of the Iranian Parholaspidid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) with a key to the species, pp. 229-240 in Zootaxa 5178 (3) on page 233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5178.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7026116
title: Medicaid Long-Term Services and Supports in Maryland: Community Supports Waiver FY 2019 to FY 2022
Creators: name: Institute, The Hilltop
Publisher: name: The Hilltop Institute
Year: 2024

description: The Community Supports Waiver (CSW) provides community-based services and supports to individuals of all ages with developmental or intellectual disabilities. This infographic presents information for fiscal year (FY) 2019 to FY 2022.
title: Medicaid Long-Term Services and Supports in Maryland: Family Supports Waiver FY 2019 to FY 2021
Creators: name: Institute, The Hilltop
Publisher: name: The Hilltop Institute
Year: 2024

description: The Family Supports Waiver (FSW) provides community-based services and supports to individuals aged 21 years or younger with developmental or intellectual disabilities. This infographic presents information for fiscal year (FY) 2019 to FY 2021.
Braula coeca Nitzsch 1818
Creators: name: El-Hawagry, Magdi S.
name: Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz
name: Ebrahim, Ayman M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Braulidae
Braula
Braula coeca

description: Braula coeca Nitzsch, 1818
Braula coeca Nitzsch, 1818: 315. Type (s) not located.? Germany (Halle an der Saale).
Acarus gymnopterorum Linnaeus, 1758. Sweden & France. Nomen Oblitum.
Entomibia apum Costa, 1846: 291. Italy.
Braula coeca angulata Orosi Pal, 1966: 27. South Africa (Natal: Maritzburg).
Braula hansruttneri Huttinger, 1980: 298. Austria (Purgstall).
Distribution: Has an extensive global distribution in all biogeographic realms.
Egyptian localities: Distributed in all Egyptian ecological zones.
Dates of collection: Throughout the year.
description: Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S., Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz & Ebrahim, Ayman M., 2018, Catalogue of the Egyptian Ephydroidea (Diptera: Schizophora: Acalyptratae), pp. 201-246 in Zootaxa 4444 (3) on page 239, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1309626
Numerical study of turbulence subjected to a straining-relaxation-destraining cycle
Creators: name: Hierro, Juan
name: Meneveau, Charles
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2004
Subjects: strained turbulence

description: This is the presentation which was used to accompany an oral presentation in the 57th Annual meeting of the APS division of fluid dynamics. It is about the numerical simulation of a fluid subjected to a strong strain-destrain cycle.
Polyclinum constellatum? Savigny 1816
Creators: name: Monniot, Françoise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Polyclinidae
Polyclinum
Polyclinum constellatum?

description: Polyclinum constellatum? Savigny, 1816
Figure 2.
Stations. CP 4309; CP 4408.
Entirely covered with sand the small colonies (5 to 7mm in diameter) contain a single system of zooids around a central common cloacal opening. The oral siphon has 6 long pointed lobes (Fig. 2 B). The atrial siphon opens by a short narrow tube (Fig. 2 B) extended dorsally into a languet having longitudinal and transverse muscular fibres. Below the atrial siphon the body wall wears a button-like protrusion. The branchial sac has 11 to 12 stigmatal rows (Fig. 2 A). On the right side an average of 22 stigmata per row was counted and 12 round papillae on the transverse vessel between 2 rows. The dorsal languets are long and pointed. The abdomen has the common shape of the genus as does the post-abdomen which is appended by a thin peduncle (Fig. 2 B) The larva 0.55mm in length has a tail in a half circle, 3 adhesive papillae, 4 pairs of thick ampullae, and small vesicles on the ventral and dorsal sides (Fig. 2 C). A crystal is present in the central mass of the body.
The colonies from Guiana only differ from the widely distributed P. constellatum by their small size. The species is cosmopolitan and has been recorded from a large area of the western Atlantic from Florida to Brazil (Monniot F. 1983; Rocha & Costa 2005).
description: Published as part of Monniot, Françoise, 2016, Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French Guiana Expedition, pp. 201-245 in Zootaxa 4114 (3) on pages 204-205, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/257053
Braula orientalis Orosi Pal 1963
Creators: name: El-Hawagry, Magdi S.
name: Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz
name: Ebrahim, Ayman M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Braulidae
Braula
Braula orientalis

description: Braula orientalis Örösi Pal, 1963
Braula orientalis Örösi Pal, 1963: 28. Type (s) not located. Russia (Far East: Vladivostok).
Distribution: PA: Egypt (Papp 1984), Far East, W. Europe, Jordan, Israel, Turkey.
Egyptian localities and dates of collection unknown.
description: Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S., Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz & Ebrahim, Ayman M., 2018, Catalogue of the Egyptian Ephydroidea (Diptera: Schizophora: Acalyptratae), pp. 201-246 in Zootaxa 4444 (3) on page 239, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1309626
Rhynchaustrobates (Victoriabates) bipartitus Smit 2015
Creators: name: Smit, Harry
name: Pešić, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hygrobatidae
Rhynchaustrobates
Rhynchaustrobates bipartitus

description: Rhynchaustrobates (Victoriabates) bipartitus Smit, 2015
Material examined. New South Wales. 0/1/0, Polblue Creek, Barrington Tops NP, 31°55.553 S 151°23.273 E, 1233 m asl, 10-i-2024; 0/1/0, Boundary Creek, Gibraltar Range NP, 29°32.031 S 152°15.012 E, 970 m asl, 17-i-2024.
Distribution. Queensland. Only known from the type locality, and reported here for the first time for New South Wales.
description: Published as part of Smit, Harry & Pešić, Vladimir, 2025, New records of hygrobatid water mites from SE Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia Hygrobatidae) with the description of ten new species, pp. 481-521 in Zootaxa 5566 (3) on page 516, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/14703311
Euherdmania fasciculata Monniot F. 1983
Creators: name: Monniot, Françoise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Euherdmanniidae
Euherdmania
Euherdmania fasciculata

description: Euherdmania fasciculata Monniot F. 1983
Figure 3.
Stations. SR4; SR8; SR11; SR23; SD8; SS1; SS3; SS10; SS11; SS12; SC12; SC13; SD12.
The colonies are abundant at 4–6m depth. They make bushes of long narrow and soft lobes united at their base (Fig. 3 A), each lobe containing a single zooid. All characters correspond to the original description of Caribbean specimens. The branchial sac (Fig. 3 B) has from 12 to18 rows of stigmata in zooids of the same colony. The stomach is long and cylindrical with 10 deep folds (Fig. 3 D). Numerous testis lobes are distributed along the whole length of the post-abdomen. The ovary lies among the testis lobes at some distance from the gut. The larvae 0.9mm long (Fig. 3 C) are incubated inside the oesophagus area. They have 2 adhesive papillae and lack any lateral ectodermal vesicle.
Paiva et al (2015) described a colony from the northeastern Brazil which obviously belongs to E. fasciculata. The genus Euherdmania is not a common genus in western Atlantic with only 3 other species: E. areolata Millar 1978 from the Guyana shelf also has thin ramified lobes but is totally coated with sand and differs also by more rows of stigmata and an areolated stomach wall. E. morgani Millar & Goodbody 1974 from Jamaica has colonies in large capitate lobes each containing numerous embedded zooids. E. vitrea Millar 1961 from Brazil has colonies in thick cushions each with numerous zooids.
description: Published as part of Monniot, Françoise, 2016, Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French Guiana Expedition, pp. 201-245 in Zootaxa 4114 (3) on page 206, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/257053
Pre-sowing inoculation system and its associated expenses
Creators: name: Mykola Shelest
name: , Vladyslav Zubko
name: Andrii Butenko
name: Dmytro Zhyhylii
name: Oksana Datsko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Seed inoculation, Seeder, Organic farming, Coating, Energy conservation

description: Recently, the issue of using bio fertilizers has been raised more and more frequently in Ukraine. But the process ofinoculation is quite energy-consuming. Therefore, a model of mechanism for inoculation during sowing was created andcoasts for its creation was counted. Modeling of seeding device was created in the program SolidWorks and printed on theFling Bear Ghost 5. Arduino Nano and sensors were used for creating electronic control of the system model. A model of thepre-sowing inoculation system was created, total amount of expenses was 237, 5 €. The use of 3D modeling and 3D printingare quite convenient technologies for agricultural engineers, as it allows create cheap models of inventions and thusimmediately correct possible errors or inaccuracies on full-scale inventions.
Braula schmitzi Orosi Pal 1939
Creators: name: El-Hawagry, Magdi S.
name: Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz
name: Ebrahim, Ayman M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Braulidae
Braula
Braula schmitzi

description: Braula schmitzi Örösi Pal, 1939
Braula schmitzi Örösi Pal, 1939: 75. Type (s) not located. Brazil (Itaipava, Deodoro, Parana: Campo do Tenente); Palestine (Kfar Saba); Turkey (Istanbul) & Portugal (Lisbon: Tapada da Ajuda).
Distribution: NT: Brazil, Ecuador. PA: Egypt [as North Africa] (Papp 1984), Israel, Italy, Portugal, Turkey, UK, W. Asia.
Egyptian localities and dates of collection unknown.
description: Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S., Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz & Ebrahim, Ayman M., 2018, Catalogue of the Egyptian Ephydroidea (Diptera: Schizophora: Acalyptratae), pp. 201-246 in Zootaxa 4444 (3) on page 239, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1309626
Didemnum duplicatum Monniot F. 1983
Creators: name: Monniot, Françoise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Didemnum
Didemnum duplicatum

description: Didemnum duplicatum Monniot F. 1983
Figure 4 A.
Stations. SR5; SS4.
Recorded from Caribbean islands (Monniot F. 1983), Texas (Lambert et al 2005) and North Carolina (G. Lambert unpublished) this species may be misinterpreted as D. galacteum having similar colonies. The differences in the zooids are difficult to evaluate, the oral siphon in D.duplicatum is wider and thicker. There is no atrial languet. The lateral thoracic organs are protruding at the level of the third stigmatal row. The testis is divided into 2 lobes very flat and tightly applied on the gut loop. The larva is the essential difference between both species In D. duplicatum there are 8 pairs of ectodermal ampullae around the three adhesive papillae (Fig. 4 A) and the larval body 0.9mm long has no bud. The spicules as figured in Monniot F. (1983 pl.1E) have few rays of blunt rods themselves made of parallel fibres.
description: Published as part of Monniot, Françoise, 2016, Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French Guiana Expedition, pp. 201-245 in Zootaxa 4114 (3) on pages 206-207, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/257053
Parholaspulus Evans 1956
Creators: name: Hajizadeh, Jalil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Parholaspididae
Parholaspulus

description: Genus Parholaspulus Evans, 1956
Parholaspulus Evans, 1956: 373.
Type species Parholaspulus alstoni Evans, 1956, by original designation.
Parholaspulus (Parholaspidellus) Petrova, 1967: 19 (nomen nudum).
Parholaspulus (Parholaspidellus) Petrova, 1968: 667.
Type species: Holaspina excentricus Petrova, 1967, by original designation.
description: Published as part of Hajizadeh, Jalil, 2022, Review of the Iranian Parholaspidid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) with a key to the species, pp. 229-240 in Zootaxa 5178 (3) on page 233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5178.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7026116
Didemnum galacteum Lotufo & Dias 2007
Creators: name: Monniot, Françoise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Didemnum
Didemnum galacteum

description: Didemnum galacteum Lotufo & Dias, 2007
Figure 4 B.
Station. SS6 and 1980 Guiana I. Royale (Monniot collection).
The colonies are thick crusts, brittle, with dense spicules made of blunt rays. The anatomical characters well correspond to the type description with a narrow atral opening without languet, a long oesophageal neck with a long thoracic muscular appendage. The sperm duct in 8–9 turns lies on 2 large testis lobes. The larva 0.65mm long has 3 adhesive papillae and 4 pairs of ampullae (Fig. 4 B).
As noticed by Lotufo & Dias Didemnum species without atrial languet and 2 testis lobes are not common and only represented in the western Atlantic by D. galacteum and D. duplicatum.
description: Published as part of Monniot, Françoise, 2016, Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French Guiana Expedition, pp. 201-245 in Zootaxa 4114 (3) on page 207, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/257053
title: Medicaid Long-Term Services and Supports in Maryland: Home and Community?Based Options Waiver FY 2019 to FY 2021
Creators: name: Institute, The Hilltop
Publisher: name: The Hilltop Institute
Year: 2024

description: The Home and Community?Based Options Waiver (CO Waiver) provides community?based services and supports that enable older adults and those with physical disabilities to continue living in their own homes or in assisted living facilities. This infographic presents information for fiscal year (FY) 2019 to FY 2021.
title: Annual Report on the Maryland Medical Assistance Program and the Maryland Children’s Health Program – Provider Reimbursement Rates
Creators: name: Institute, The Hilltop
Publisher: name: The Hilltop Institute
Year: 2022

description: Pursuant to Maryland Health-General §15-103.5 and Insurance Article §19-807(d)(2), the Maryland Department of Health (MDH) submits an annual report to the Governor and various House and Senate committees addressing the progress of the rate-setting process; a comparison of Maryland Medicaid’s reimbursement rates with those of other states; the schedule for adjusting Maryland’s reimbursement rates; and the estimated costs of implementing the above schedule and proposed changes to the fee-for-service reimbursement rates. This report, dated January 2022, satisfies these requirements for fiscal year 2021.
title: Characterization of Anticancer Drug Protomers Using Electrospray Ionization and Ion Mobility Spectrometry–Mass Spectrometry
Creators: name: Basuri, Pallab
name: Safferthal, Marc
name: Kovacevic, Borislav
name: Schorr, Pascal
name: Riedel, Jerome
name: Pagel, Kevin
name: Volmer, Dietrich A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Gases
subject: Ionization
subject: Ions
subject: Molecules
subject: Reaction mechanisms
classificationCode: 540
subject: Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: We used electrospray ionization and ion mobility spectrometry–mass spectrometry to detect and characterize the three anticancer drugs palbociclib, copanlisib, and olaparib. Ion mobility–mass spectrometry and density functional theory revealed that these compounds generate isomers during ionization (protomers) due to the presence of multiple protonation sites within their chemical structures. Our work has implications for understanding the solution- and gas-phase chemistry of these molecules during spray-based ionization processes.
Parholaspulus alstoni Evans 1956
Creators: name: Hajizadeh, Jalil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Parholaspididae
Parholaspulus
Parholaspulus alstoni

description: Parholaspulus alstoni Evans, 1956
Parholaspulus alstoni Evans, 1956: 374.
Holaspina alstoni.— Johnston, 1969: 273
Parholaspulus alstoni.— Bregetova & Koroleva, 1960: 51; Quintero-Gutiérrez & Halliday, 2021: 430.
Material examined: Two females, two males, Tea Research Institute-Lahijan, 37°12’17.11”N, 50°01’23.19”E, 9 m, collected from soil, October 2018; three females, two males, Rahimabad-Rudsar, 37°01’40.58”N, 50°21’01.05”E, 52 m, collected from soil and leaf litter, October 2018; five females, two males, Vajargah-Kelachay, 37°2’25.88”N, 50°24’12.17”E, 7 m, collected from soil, November 2019.
Habitat and distribution in Iran: Tehran Province, soil; Kerman Province, soil, manure and litter; Zanjan Province, soil; Mazandaran Province, soil and litter; Guilan Province, soil and litter (Kazemi & Rajaei, 2013; Hamidi et al., 2013; Bigdeli et al., 2014; Kazemi et al., 2014; Masnavipour et al., 2011; Maleki et al., 2016; Saberi et al., 2016; Nemati et al., 2018; Hajizadeh et al., 2020).
World Distribution: Azerbaijan, Russia, Belgium, Germany, Ukraine, Georgia, Hungary, Korea, Vietnam, U.S.A., Iran. Holotype from U.K., London, Royal Botanic Gardens, from soil (Quintero-Gutiérrez & Halliday, 2021).
description: Published as part of Hajizadeh, Jalil, 2022, Review of the Iranian Parholaspidid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) with a key to the species, pp. 229-240 in Zootaxa 5178 (3) on pages 233-234, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5178.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7026116
title: Medicaid Long-Term Services and Supports in Maryland: Home and Community-Based Options Waiver FY 2019 to FY 2022
Creators: name: Institute, The Hilltop
Publisher: name: The Hilltop Institute
Year: 2024

description: The Home and Community-Based Options Waiver (CO Waiver) provides community-based services and supports that enable older adults and those with physical disabilities to continue living in their own homes or in assisted living facilities. This infographic presents information for fiscal year (FY) 2019 to FY 2022.
title: Medicaid Long-Term Services and Supports in Maryland: Medical Day Care Services Waiver FY 2019 to FY 2021
Creators: name: Institute, The Hilltop
Publisher: name: The Hilltop Institute
Year: 2024

description: The Medical Day Care (MDC) Services Waiver provides health, social, and related support services in a community?based setting to functionally disabled adults aged 16 and older. This infographic presents information for fiscal year (FY) 2019 to FY 2021.
Didemnum granulatum Tokioka 1954
Creators: name: Monniot, Françoise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Didemnum
Didemnum granulatum

description: Didemnum granulatum Tokioka 1954
Stations. SR23; SC13; 1980 Guiana I. Royale (Monniot collection).
This species often recorded from the tropical Pacific Ocean was already noticed from Brazil by Rocha & Monniot (1995). It was found again at several times from other Brazilian localities (Paiva et al 2015). This well known species is orange with a characteristic granular surface. The zooid has no languet and a single testis lobe. The larva has 3 adhesive papillae and 4 pairs of lateral ectodermal ampullae.
Its geographic origin is not known.
description: Published as part of Monniot, Françoise, 2016, Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French Guiana Expedition, pp. 201-245 in Zootaxa 4114 (3) on page 207, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/257053
title: Risk factors for omphalitis in neonatal dairy calves
Creators: name: Meier, Kim K.
name: Stock, Annegret
name: Merle, Roswitha
name: Arndt, Heidi
name: Dachrodt, Linda
name: Hoedemaker, Martina
name: Kellermann, Laura
name: Knubben-Schweizer, Gabriela
name: Volkmann, Maria
name: Müller, Kerstin-Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: omphalitis
subject: risk factors
subject: dairy calves
subject: calving management
subject: calf rearing
subject: neonate
classificationCode: 630
subject: Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Knowledge about potential risk factors for animal health is crucial to achieve animal welfare. The aim of this study was to provide practical guidance for farmers to improve the health status of their youngstock by identifying and eliminating risk factors for omphalitis in neonatal calves. A cross-sectional study including 3,445 dairy calves from 567 farms located in three structurally different regions of Germany was performed from December 2016 to July 2019. On each farm calves aged five to 21 days underwent clinical examinations with special consideration of the umbilicus for signs of inflammation. Information regarding animal health, hygiene, and management was obtained via interviews with the farmers. Rearing conditions were recorded following visual inspection using written standard operating procedures. Multifactorial statistical analyses were performed to identify potential risk factors for omphalitis on animal and farm level. The overall omphalitis prevalence in calves aged five to 21 days was 30.9%. Across all regions and farms, every fourth calf per farm exhibited signs of omphalitis (median farm prevalence: 25.0%, interquartile range: 0.0–50.0%). According to the farmers, however, only 4.5% of the calves had been treated for omphalitis in the preceding 12 months. Risk factors for omphalitis identified included the dampness of the lying area in the first 2 weeks of life, a body condition score of the dam after calving outside the optimal range, and the time that calves spent with their dam after birth. Calves on farms providing dry lying areas in the first 2 weeks of life had 0.77 times the risk of omphalitis compared to calves on farms with predominantly damp bedding. When the dams were judged under- or over-conditioned after calving, their offspring had a 1.4 times higher omphalitis risk, respectively, compared to calves from dams optimal conditioned. Calves from farms separating calf and dam beyond 12 h after birth were 0.75 times as likely to develop omphalitis than calves from farms performing immediate separation. These results highlight the complexity of multifactorial diseases such as umbilical infection. The evidence presented can help to establish guidelines for dairy farmers to improve the umbilical health of their calves.
Astylus vittaticollis
Creators: name: Estrada, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Melyridae
Astylus
Astylus vittaticollis

description: Astylus vittaticollis (Blanchard, 1843)
(Figures 1, 2)
Dasytes vittaticollis Blanchard, 1843:98; Gemminger & Harold 1869:1718 (Astylus); Bruch 1915:251 (Astylus); Champion 1918:356 (Astylus; Pic 1919b:4; Pic 1929:13 (Astylus); Blackwelder 1945:379 (Astylus); Estrada 2002:52 (Astylus). (Type locality: Chuquisaca).
description: Published as part of Estrada, Patricia, 2020, Contributions to the knowledge of southern South American species of Astylus Laporte, 1836 (Coleoptera: Melyridae). Re-describing Astylus vittaticollis (Blanchard, 1843) and A. patagonicus (Blanchard, 1843), pp. 119-126 in Zootaxa 4845 (1) on page 120, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4845.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/4406444
title: Medicaid Long-Term Services and Supports in Maryland: Model Waiver FY 2017 to FY 2021
Creators: name: Institute, The Hilltop
Publisher: name: The Hilltop Institute
Year: 2024

description: The Model Waiver provides services to individuals with medically complex needs and a chronic hospital or nursing facility level of care to be supported in their own homes or community?based settings. Services covered under the waiver include private duty nursing (PDN) services provided by registered nurses (RNs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs), certified nursing assistants (CNAs), and home health aides (HHAs). This infographic provides information for fiscal year (FY) 2017 to FY 2021.
title: Medicaid Long-Term Services and Supports in Maryland: The Family Supports Waiver FY 2019 to FY 2022
Creators: name: Institute, The Hilltop
Publisher: name: The Hilltop Institute
Year: 2024

description: The Family Supports Waiver (FSW) provides community-based services and supports to individuals aged 21 years or younger with developmental or intellectual disabilities. This infographic presents information for fiscal year (FY) 2019 to FY 2022.
title: Medicaid Long-Term Services and Supports in Maryland: TheCommunity Pathways Waiver FY2019 to FY2022
Creators: name: Institute, The Hilltop
Publisher: name: The Hilltop Institute
Year: 2024

description: The Community Pathways Waiver provides community?based services and supports to individuals with developmental or intellectual disabilities. This infographic presents information for fiscal year (FY) 2019 to FY 2022.
Didemnum psammathodes Sluiter 1895
Creators: name: Monniot, Françoise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Didemnum
Didemnum psammathodes

description: Didemnum psammathodes (Sluiter, 1895)
Figure 4 C.
Station. SD15.
This brownish didemnid in thin colonies full of fecal pellets can settle on any kind of subtrate in all warm seas of the world. The small spicules are rare in the tunic and often limited to the area around the oral siphons. The small larvae 0.45mm (Fig. 4 C) have 3 adhesive papillae and 4 pairs of ampullae as figured in Monniot F. (1983, fig 13, pl. 2B–E). Often recorded in harbours, this easily identified species is invasive.
description: Published as part of Monniot, Françoise, 2016, Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French Guiana Expedition, pp. 201-245 in Zootaxa 4114 (3) on page 207, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/257053
title: Medical Day Care Services Waiver Infographic: FY 2019 to FY 2022
Creators: name: Institute, The Hilltop
Publisher: name: The Hilltop Institute
Year: 2024

description: The Medical Day Care (MDC) Services Waiver provides health, social, and related support services in a community?based setting to functionally disabled adults aged 16 and older. This infographic presents information for fiscal year (FY) 2019 to FY 2022.
Astylus patagonicus
Creators: name: Estrada, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Melyridae
Astylus
Astylus patagonicus

description: Astylus patagonicus (Blanchard, 1843)
(Figures 3–5)
Dasytes patagonicus Blanchard, 1843:99; Gemminger & Harold 1869:1718 (Astylus); Bruch 1915:250 (Astylus); Pic 1929:11 (Astylus); Blackwelder 1945:378 (Astylus); Estrada 2008:601 (Astylus). (Type locality: Patagonia, Bahía San Blas).
Arthrobrachus quadrilineatus Steinheil 1874:372, Bruch 1915:251 (Arthrobrachus quadrilineatus); Pic 1929:16 (Arthrobrachus quadrilineatus); Blackwelder 1945:379 (Arthrobrachus quadrilineatus); Estrada 2008:602 (Arthrobrachus quadrilineatus); Estrada 2016:372 (Astylus steinheili); (Type locality: San Luis). n. syn.
description: Published as part of Estrada, Patricia, 2020, Contributions to the knowledge of southern South American species of Astylus Laporte, 1836 (Coleoptera: Melyridae). Re-describing Astylus vittaticollis (Blanchard, 1843) and A. patagonicus (Blanchard, 1843), pp. 119-126 in Zootaxa 4845 (1) on page 122, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4845.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/4406444
title: MedReg-KG: KnowledgeGraph for Streamlining Medical Device Regulatory Compliance
Creators: name: Chattoraj, Subhankar
name: Joshi, Karuna
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: UMBC Ebiquity Research Group
subject: UMBC Ebiquity Researh Group
subject: UMBC Knowledge, Analytics, Cognitive and Cloud Computing (KnACC) lab
subject: UMBC Cybersecurity Institute

description: 4th Workshop on Knowledge Graphs and Big Data in Conjunction with IEEE BigData 2024
description: Healthcare providers are deploying a large number of AI-driven Medical devices to help monitor and medicate patients. For patients with chronic ailments, like diabetes or gastric diseases, usage of these devices becomes part of their daily lifestyle. These medical devices often capture personally identifiable information (PII) and hence are strictly regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to ensure the safety and efficacy of the medical device. Medical device regulations are currently available as large textual documents, called Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 21, that cross-reference other documents and so require substantial human effort and cost to parse and comprehend. We have developed a semantically rich framework MedReg-KG to extract the knowledge from the rules and policies for Medical devices and translate it into a machine-processable format that can be reasoned over. By applying Deontic Logic over the policies, we are able to identify the permissions and prohibitions in the regulation policies. This framework was developed using AI/Knowledge extraction techniques and Semantic Web technologies like OWL/RDF and SPARQL. This paper presents our Ontology/Knowledge graph and the Deontic rules integrated into the design. We include the results of our validation against the dataset of Gastroenterology Urology devices and demonstrate the efficiency gained by using our system.
title: Memorization Over Reasoning? Exposing and Mitigating Verbatim Memorization in Large Language Models' Character Understanding Evaluation
Creators: name: Jiang, Yuxuan
name: Ferraro, Francis
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Science - Computation and Language

description: Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance in character understanding tasks, such as analyzing the roles, personalities, and relationships of fictional characters. However, the extensive pre-training corpora used by LLMs raise concerns that they may rely on memorizing popular fictional works rather than genuinely understanding and reasoning about them. In this work, we argue that 'gist memory'-capturing essential meaning - should be the primary mechanism for character understanding tasks, as opposed to 'verbatim memory' - exact match of a string. We introduce a simple yet effective method to mitigate mechanized memorization in character understanding evaluations while preserving the essential implicit cues needed for comprehension and reasoning. Our approach reduces memorization-driven performance on popular fictional works from 96% accuracy to 72% and results in up to an 18% drop in accuracy across various character understanding tasks. These findings underscore the issue of data contamination in existing benchmarks, which often measure memorization rather than true character understanding.
Trididemnum hians Monniot F. 1983
Creators: name: Monniot, Françoise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Trididemnum
Trididemnum hians

description: Trididemnum hians Monniot F., 1983
Figure 5.
Stations. SB3; SR8; SS1; SS3; SS4; SS5; SR14; SS11; SC6; SC12; SR23; CP4383.
The colonies are grey in formalin as the zooids contain abundant mud seen through the transparent tunic. They form soft crusts with sparse spicules in patches between groups of zooids. The oral siphon has 6 lobes, the atrial tube is always contracted. The thorax has some brown pigment in the body wall and an anterior black spot. Twelve stigmata were counted in the first half branchial row. The single testis lobe is covered by 8 to 9 turns of the sperm duct. A single oocyte is present with the testis in the intestinal loop (Fig. 5 D). The larval trunk is 1mm long, the tail hardly reaches a half turn around it (Fig. 5 A,B,C). There are 3 divergent adhesive papillae generally lined by 6 ampullae on one side and 5 on the other side. Thorax and abdomen are already differentiated in these large larvae which have no bud. The spicules up to 50µm in diameter for the largest are composed of numerous blunt rays. The specimens from Guiana have been compared to the type material from Guadeloupe. They are recorded here for the first time in another location.
description: Published as part of Monniot, Françoise, 2016, Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French Guiana Expedition, pp. 201-245 in Zootaxa 4114 (3) on page 208, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/257053