cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dietary Intervention in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes; Protocol for the DiGest Randomised Controlled Trial
Creators: name: Kusinski, Laura C.
name: Murphy, Helen R.
name: De Lucia Rolfe, Emanuella
name: Rennie, Kirsten L.
name: Oude Griep, Linda M.
name: Hughes, Deborah
name: Taylor, Roy
name: Meek, Claire L.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: gestational diabetes
pregnancy
study protocol
randomised controlled trial
large-for-gestational age
diet
dietary intervention
maternal or gestational weight gain
continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)
neonatal outcomes
neonatal hypoglycaemia
neonatal growth
maternal obesity

description: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) annually affects 35,000 pregnancies in the United Kingdom, causing suboptimal health outcomes to the mother and child. Obesity and excessive gestational weight gain are risk factors for GDM. The Institute of Medicine recommends weight targets for women that are overweight and obese, however, there are no clear guidelines for women with GDM. Observational data suggest that modest weight loss (0.6−2 kg) after 28 weeks may reduce risk of caesarean section, large-for-gestational-age (LGA), and maternal postnatal glycaemia. This protocol for a multicentre randomised double-blind controlled trial aims to identify if a fully controlled reduced energy diet in GDM pregnancy improves infant birthweight and reduces maternal weight gain (primary outcomes). A total of 500 women with GDM (National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2015 criteria) and body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 will be randomised to receive a standard (2000 kcal/day) or reduced energy (1200 kcal/day) diet box containing all meals and snacks from 28 weeks to delivery. Women and caregivers will be blinded to the allocations. Food diaries, continuous glucose monitoring, and anthropometry will measure dietary compliance, glucose levels, and weight changes. Women will receive standard antenatal GDM management (insulin/metformin) according to NICE guidelines. The secondary endpoints include caesarean section rates, LGA, and maternal postnatal glucose concentrations.
Serikodonota Pace 2009
Creators: name: Hlaváč, Peter
name: Newton, Alfred F.
name: Maruyama, Munetoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Serikodonota

description: Serikodonota Pace
 Serikodonota Pace, 2009c: 284. Type species: Serikodonota robusta Pace, by original designation robusta Pace, 2009c: 292 (Serikodonota, TL: Indonesia: Irian Jaya, Nabire area, road Nabire-Ilaga, km 54, 03 o 30’936’’ S 135 o 41’945’’N, 750m) Distribution: New Guinea (West Papua)
description: Published as part of Hlaváč, Peter, Newton, Alfred F. & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2011, World catalogue of the species of the tribe Lomechusini (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) 3075, pp. 1-151 in Zootaxa 3075 on page 76
Mise en abyme with artificial intelligence: how to predict the accuracy of NN, applied to hyper-parameter tuning
Creators: name: Franchini, Giorgia
name: Galinier, Mathilde
name: Verucchi, Micaela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the context of deep learning, the costliest phase from a computational point of view is the full training of the learning algorithm. However, this process is to be used a significant number of times during the design of a new artificial neural network, leading therefore to extremely expensive operations. Here, we propose a low-cost strategy to predict the accuracy of the algorithm, based only on its initial behaviour. To do so, we train the network of interest up to convergence several times, modifying its characteristics at each training. The initial and final accuracies observed during this beforehand process are stored in a database. We then make use of both curve fitting and Support Vector Machines techniques, the latter being trained on the created database, to predict the accuracy of the network, given its accuracy on the primary iterations of its learning. This approach can be of particular interest when the space of the characteristics of the network is notably large or when its full training is highly time-consuming. The results we obtained are promising and encouraged us to apply this strategy to a topical issue: hyper-parameter optimisation (HO). In particular, we focused on the HO of a convolutional neural network for the classification of the databases MNIST and CIFAR-10. By using our method of prediction, and an algorithm implemented by us for a probabilistic exploration of the hyper-parameter space, we were able to find the hyper-parameter settings corresponding to the optimal accuracies already known in literature, at a quite low-cost.
description: The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Programme under the CLASS Project (https://class-project.eu/), grant agreement n 780622
Celecoxib Prevents Doxorubicin-Induced Multidrug Resistance in Canine and Mouse Lymphoma Cell Lines
Creators: name: Karai, Edina
name: Szebényi, Kornélia
name: Windt, Tímea
name: Fehér, Sára
name: Szendi, Eszter
name: Dékay, Valéria
name: Vajdovich, Péter
name: Szakács, Gergely
name: Füredi, András
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: lymphoma
multidrug resistance
P-glycoprotein
drug holiday
COX-2 inhibitors
celecoxib

description: Background: Treatment of malignancies is still a major challenge in human and canine cancer, mostly due to the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR). One of the main contributors of MDR is the overexpression P-glycoprotein (Pgp), which recognizes and extrudes various chemotherapeutics from cancer cells. Methods: To study mechanisms underlying the development of drug resistance, we established an in vitro treatment protocol to rapidly induce Pgp-mediated MDR in cancer cells. Based on a clinical observation showing that a 33-day-long, unplanned drug holiday can reverse the MDR phenotype of a canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patient, our aim was to use the established assay to prevent the emergence of drug resistance in the early stages of treatment. Results: We showed that an in vitro drug holiday results in the decrease of Pgp expression in MDR cell lines. Surprisingly, celecoxib, a known COX-2 inhibitor, prevented the emergence of drug-induced MDR in murine and canine lymphoma cell lines. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that celecoxib could significantly improve the efficiency of chemotherapy by preventing the development of MDR in B-cell lymphoma.
Synthoracastilbus Scheerpeltz 1957
Creators: name: Hlaváč, Peter
name: Newton, Alfred F.
name: Maruyama, Munetoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Synthoracastilbus

description: Synthoracastilbus Scheerpeltz
 Synthoracastilbus Scheerpeltz, 1957b: 351. Type species: Synthoracastilbus strigellicollis Scheerpeltz, by original designation strigellicollis Scheerpeltz, 1957b: 354 (Synthoracastilbus, TL: Insel Sumba) Distribution: Indonesia (Sumba island)
description: Published as part of Hlaváč, Peter, Newton, Alfred F. & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2011, World catalogue of the species of the tribe Lomechusini (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) 3075, pp. 1-151 in Zootaxa 3075 on page 77
Young's experiment and the finiteness of information
Creators: name: Brukner, Caslav
name: Zeilinger, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young's experiment is the quintessential quantum experiment. It is argued here that quantum interference is a consequence of the finiteness of information. The observer has the choice whether that information manifests itself as path information or in the interference pattern or in both partially to the extent defined by the finiteness of information.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, typos removed
Towards a theory of policy timing
Creators: name: Mittenzwei, Klaus
name: Bullock, David S.
name: Salhofer, Klaus
name: Mittenzwei, Klaus
name: Bullock, David S.
name: Salhofer, Klaus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: agriculture
subject: dynamic model
subject: policy analysis
subject: transaction costs
subject: uncertainty.

description: The article presents a theory of policy timing that relies on uncertainty and transaction costs to explain the optimal timing and duration of policy reforms. Delaying reforms resolves some uncertainty by gaining valuable information and saves transaction costs. Implementing reforms without waiting increases welfare by adjusting domestic policies to changed market parameters. Optimal policy timing is found by balancing the tradeoff between delaying reforms and implementing reforms without waiting. Our theory offers an explanation of why countries differ with respect to the length of their policy reforms and why applied studies often judge agricultural policies to be inefficient when actually they may not be.
Agritourism as an Economic Development Enterprise: An Undergraduate Research Analysis Exercise
Creators: name: Moffitt, Jason
name: Ransome, Milton
name: Yeboah, Anthony K.
name: Owens, John Paul
name: Bynum, Jarvetta
name: Moffitt, Jason
name: Ransome, Milton
name: Yeboah, Anthony K.
name: Owens, John Paul
name: Bynum, Jarvetta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agritourism
subject: small farmer

description: Agritourism is a value added agricultural activity. In North Carolina, it has influenced agriculture since 1940 with about 196 farms that practice agritourism currently. An analysis of top ten counties that offer Agritorism in North Carolina is carried out and the factors that affect adoption of Agritourism among the counties is regressed using Multiple Linear regression. The study observed that out of the 100 registered Agritourism county operations, the top 10 leading counties in North Carolina that offer Agritourism with the largest number of Agritourism recorded operations is located in Mecklenburg County, while the smallest number was found in New Hanover, Tyrell, Hyde, Jones, Gates, Washington, and Pamlico County (Table 1 & 2). The study also suggested that farm cash receipts and the number of farms per county are the variables that are found significant concerning Agritourism adoption.
The role of orbital angular momentum constraints in the variational optimization of the two-electron reduced-density matrix
Creators: name: Li, Run R.
name: DePrince, A. Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct variational determination of the two-electron reduced-density matrix (2-RDM) is usually carried out under the assumption that the 2-RDM is a real-valued quantity. However, in systems that possess orbital angular momentum symmetry, the description of states with a well-defined, non-zero z-projection of the orbital angular momentum requires a complex-valued 2-RDM. We consider a semidefinite program suitable for the direct optimization of a complex-valued 2-RDM and explore the role of orbital angular momentum constraints in systems that possess the relevant symmetries. For atomic systems, constraints on the expectation values of the square and z-projection of the orbital angular momentum operator allow one to optimize 2-RDMs for multiple orbital angular momentum states. Similarly, in linear molecules, orbital angular momentum projection constraints enable the description of multiple electronic states, and, moreover, for states with a non-zero z-projection of the orbital angular momentum, the use of complex-valued quantities is essential for a qualitatively correct description of the electronic structure. For example, in the case of molecular oxygen, we demonstrate that orbital angular momentum constraints are necessary to recover the correct energy ordering of the lowest-energy singlet and triplet states near the equilibrium geometry. However, care must still be taken in the description of the dissociation limit, as the 2-RDM-based approach is not size consistent, and the size-consistency error varies dramatically, depending on the z-projections of the spin and orbital angular momenta.
Sustainability Assessment of a Single-Use Plastics Ban
Creators: name: Herberz, Timo
name: Barlow, Claire Y
name: Finkbeiner, Matthias
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: single-use plastics
plastics ban
plastic marine pollution
LCA
plastics policy

description: Governments around the world are introducing single-use plastics bans to alleviate plastic marine pollution. This paper investigates whether banning single-use plastic items is an appropriate strategy to protect the environment. Product life cycle assessment was conducted for single-use plastic and single-use non-plastic alternatives. The life cycle impacts of the two product categories were compared and scaled according to EU consumption of 2016. The results show that a single-use plastics ban would decrease plastic marine pollution in the EU by 5.5% which equates to a 0.06% decrease globally. However, such a ban would increase emissions contributing to marine aquatic toxicity in the EU by 1.4%. This paper concludes that single-use items are harmful to the environment regardless of their material. Therefore, banning or imposing a premium price on single-use items in general and not only single-use plastic items is a more effective method of reducing consumption and thereby pollution. The plastics ban only leads to a small reduction of global plastic marine pollution and thus provides only a partial solution to the problem it intends to solve.
Termitognathus Borgmeier 1959
Creators: name: Hlaváč, Peter
name: Newton, Alfred F.
name: Maruyama, Munetoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Termitognathus

description: Termitognathus Borgmeier
 Termitognathus Borgmeier, 1959a: 304. Type species: Termitognathus caviceps Borgmeier, by original designation caviceps Borgmeier, 1959a: 305 (Termitognathus, TL: Hamburgfarm, Costa Rica; HT: Cornitermes walkeri) Distribution: Costa Rica
description: Published as part of Hlaváč, Peter, Newton, Alfred F. & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2011, World catalogue of the species of the tribe Lomechusini (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) 3075, pp. 1-151 in Zootaxa 3075 on page 78
Cooling by photo-doping $--$ Light-induced symmetry breaking in the Hubbard model
Creators: name: Werner, Philipp
name: Eckstein, Martin
name: Müller, Markus
name: Refael, Gil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An elusive goal in the field of driven quantum matter is the induction of long-range order. Here, we demonstrate a mechanism based on light-induced evaporative cooling of holes in a correlated electron system. Since the entropy of a filled narrow band grows rapidly with hole doping, the isentropic transfer of holes from a doped Mott insulator to such a band results in a drop of temperature. Strongly correlated Fermi liquids and symmetry-broken states could thus be produced by dipolar excitations. Using nonequilibrium dynamical mean field theory, we show that suitably designed chirped pulses allow to realize this cooling effect. In particular, we demonstrate the emergence of antiferromagnetic order in a system which is initially in a weakly correlated state above the maximum Néel temperature. Our work suggests a general strategy for inducing strong correlation phenomena and electronic orders in light-driven materials or periodically modulated atomic gases in optical lattice potentials.
Coexistence of bond-order wave and antiferromagnetism in a two-dimensional half-filled Peierls-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Yuan, Qingshan
name: Kopp, Thilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-dimensional Peierls-Hubbard model is studied at half-filling within both Hartree-Fork and Kotliar-Ruckenstein slave-boson theory. The interplay between two types of long-range order, bond-order wave (BOW) and antiferromagnetism (AFM), is analysed for two representative dimerization patterns, corresponding both to the same wavevector $(π,π)$. For each pattern, the Peierls dimerization (and associated BOW) is weakened and finally suppressed with increasing Hubbard on-site interaction, and correspondingly AFM is gradually enhanced. In particular, a coexistence regime with both BOW and AFM order is established in the parameter space of electron-lattice and Hubbard interactions.
description: 19 pages with 5 eps figures included
Livestock Markets and Buyers' Perspectives on Voluntary versus Mandatory Disclosure of Information: Evidence from Cattle Markets in Uttar Pradesh
Creators: name: Singh, Rakesh
name: Nath, Tribhuvan
name: Singh, P.K.
name: Kumar, Kamlesh
name: Singh, Rakesh
name: Nath, Tribhuvan
name: Singh, P.K.
name: Kumar, Kamlesh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Cattle markets
subject: Logit model
subject: Price discovery
subject: Dissemination of information

description: Using data from buyers and sellers of livestock in three markets in Pratapgarh district of Uttar Pradesh this study examines the functioning of livestock markets with focus on disclosure of information and constraints faced by buyers and sellers. In traditional markets voluntary disclosure has been reported to exist for quite long, but it restricts itself to information on search and experience attributes of the animals which may lead to lack of transparency in the markets. The findings of the study clearly indicate that the livestock market may work well to induce self or voluntary disclosure of information for search and experience attributes, the mandatory disclosure is important for credence attributes of the animal and thereby efficient functioning of markets. The study suggests strengthening of infrastructure in livestock markets
Blowing Up Solutions to the Zakharov System for Langmuir Waves
Creators: name: Cher, Yuri
name: Czubak, Magdalena
name: Sulem, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Langmuir waves take place in a quasi-neutral plasma and are modeled by the Zakharov system. The phenomenon of collapse, described by blowing up solutions plays a central role in their dynamics. We present in this article a review of the main mathematical properties of blowing up solutions. They include conditions for blowup in finite or infinite time, description of self-similar singular solutions and lower bounds for the rate of blowup of certain norms associated to the solutions.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures;
On models of gauge field localization on a brane
Creators: name: Dubovsky, S. L.
name: Rubakov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that any viable mechanism of gauge field localization should automatically imply charge universality on the brane. We study whether this condition is satisfied in the two known proposals aimed to localize vector field in flat bulk space. We construct a simple calculable model with confinement in the bulk and deconfinement on the brane, as in the Shifman--Dvali set up. We find that in our model the 4-dimensional Coulomb law is indeed reproduced on the brane due to the massless localized photon mode. The charge universality is enforced by the presence of ``confining strings''. On the other hand, charge universality condition is not satisfied in another, brane-induced localization mechanism when the number of extra dimensions d is larger than two. We demonstrate that in the non-Abelian case the gauge fields inside the brane are never four-dimensional and their self-interaction is strong at all distances of interest. Hence this mechanism does not work for d>2. At d=2 the charge universality is still a problem, but it holds automatically at d=1. At d=1, however, the bulk gauge fields are strongly coupled in the non-Abelian case.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures
Value Chains for Livestock Products in himalayan Mountains: Studies from Jammu and Kashmir
Creators: name: Wani, S.A.
name: Shaheen, F.A.
name: Baba, S.H.
name: Naqash, Farheen
name: Mazoor, Muzaffer
name: Wani, S.A.
name: Shaheen, F.A.
name: Baba, S.H.
name: Naqash, Farheen
name: Mazoor, Muzaffer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Livestock products
subject: Value chains
subject: Institutional failures
subject: Jammu and Kashmir.

description: This paper examines value chains for milk, mutton, wool and pashmina fibre in the mountainous state of Jammu and Kashmir using survey data collected from livestock producers, market functionaries including institutional and non-institutional buyers. Vendors dominate the milk market, but for dairy farmers selling milk to them is not as remunerative as to the institutional buyers. The state is deficit in mutton and imports almost half of its requirements from neighbouring states. Most of the wool produced in the state is exported. Butchers and traders of Ladakh are important market functionaries in market for pashmina fibre. The study has also identified institutional failures in livestock markets, and suggests strengthening integrated value chains for livestock products as to enable livestock producers capture benefits of expanding demand for livestock products.
Indexing schemes for similarity search: an illustrated paradigm
Creators: name: Pestov, Vladimir
name: Stojmirovic, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3

description: We suggest a variation of the Hellerstein--Koutsoupias--Papadimitriou indexability model for datasets equipped with a similarity measure, with the aim of better understanding the structure of indexing schemes for similarity-based search and the geometry of similarity workloads. This in particular provides a unified approach to a great variety of schemes used to index into metric spaces and facilitates their transfer to more general similarity measures such as quasi-metrics. We discuss links between performance of indexing schemes and high-dimensional geometry. The concepts and results are illustrated on a very large concrete dataset of peptide fragments equipped with a biologically significant similarity measure.
description: 19 pages, LaTeX with 8 figures, prepared using Fundamenta Informaticae style file
Thayeridium Santiago-Jimenez 2010
Creators: name: Hlaváč, Peter
name: Newton, Alfred F.
name: Maruyama, Munetoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Thayeridium

description: Thayeridium Santiago-Jiménez
 Thayeridium Santiago-Jiménez, 2010: 666. Type species: Thayeridium darienensis Santiago-Jiménez, by original designation darienensis Santiago-Jiménez, 2010: 669 (Thayeridium, TL: Panama: Darién, Cana Biological Station, 7°45'18"N, 77°41'6"W, 550m) Distribution: Panama
description: Published as part of Hlaváč, Peter, Newton, Alfred F. & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2011, World catalogue of the species of the tribe Lomechusini (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) 3075, pp. 1-151 in Zootaxa 3075 on page 81
Power Counting in the Soft-Collinear Effective Theory
Creators: name: Bauer, Christian W.
name: Pirjol, Dan
name: Stewart, Iain W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe in some detail the derivation of a power counting formula for the soft-collinear effective theory (SCET). This formula constrains which operators are required to correctly describe the infrared at any order in the Lambda_QCD/Q expansion (lambda expansion). The result assigns a unique lambda-dimension to graphs in SCET solely from vertices, is gauge independent, and can be applied independent of the process. For processes with an OPE the lambda-dimension has a correspondence with dynamical twist.
description: 12 pages, 1 fig, journal version
Factors affecting student load debt accrued by graduates of US veterinary medical colleges
Creators: name: Williams, Ryan Blake
name: Benson, Aaron
name: Bain, Bridgette
name: Dicks, Michael
name: Williams, Ryan Blake
name: Benson, Aaron
name: Bain, Bridgette
name: Dicks, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Labor Market
subject: Veterinarian
subject: Student Loan Debt

description: Graduates of colleges of veterinary medicine have experienced a marked increase in acquired student loan debt. The mean inflation-adjusted student loan debt for graduating veterinarians has increased at an average annual rate of 5.11% over the period of 2002-2014 while starting salaries have decreased at a rate of 0.9% annually. This research aims to identify the factors associated with the increase in student loan debt accumulation by veterinarians in the face of relatively unchanged wages. We utilize data collected from the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) fourth-year veterinary student surveys for 2001 through 2014. The variable of interest is the inflation-adjusted total student loan debt attributed to the study of veterinary medicine. Due to the nature of debt totals, there are a large number of observations of zero in the data (14%). We employ a two-part hurdle model to identify the factors affecting both the decision to borrow and the amount which was borrowed. We find that the majority of the annual increase in debt can be explained by increases in tuition costs and an increase in the share of students paying out-of-state tuition, with some of the change attributable to the increasing share of veterinary students that are women.
PrBi: Topology meets quadrupolar degrees of freedom
Creators: name: He, Xiaobo
name: Zhao, Chuanwen
name: Yang, Haiyang
name: Wang, Jinhua
name: Cheng, Kangqiao
name: Jiang, Shan
name: Zhao, Lingxiao
name: Li, Yuke
name: Cao, Chao
name: Wang, Shun
name: Zhu, Zengwei
name: Luo, Yongkang
name: Li, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Novel materials incorporating electronic degrees of freedom other than charge, including spin, orbital or valley \textit{et al} have manifested themselves to be of the great interests and applicable potentials. Recently, the multipolar degrees of freedom have attracted remarkable attention in the electronic correlated effects. In this work, we systematically studied the transport, magnetic and thermodynamic properties of the topological semimetal candidate PrBi in the framework of crystalline electric field theory. Our results demonstrate the $Γ_3$ non-Kramers doublet as the ground state of Pr$^{3+}$ (4$f^2$) ions. This ground state is nonmagnetic but carries a non-zero quadrupolar moment $\langle\hat{O}_2^0\rangle$. A quadrupolar phase transition is inferred below 0.08 K. No obvious quadrupolar Kondo effect can be identified. Ultrahigh-field quantum oscillation measurements confirm PrBi as a semimetal with non-trivial Berry phase and low total carrier density 0.06 /f.u. We discuss the interplay between low carrier density and $4f^2$ quadrupolar moment, and ascribe the weak quadrupolar ordering and Kondo effect to consequences of the low carrier density. PrBi, thus, opens a new window to the physics of topology and strongly correlated effect with quadrupolar degrees of freedom in the low-carrier-density limit, evoking the need for a reexamination of the Nozières exhaustion problem in the context of multi-channel Kondo effect.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
From bi-layer to tri-layer Fe nanoislands on Cu3Au(001)
Creators: name: Verdini, A.
name: Floreano, L.
name: Bruno, F.
name: Cvetko, D.
name: Morgante, A.
name: Bisio, F.
name: Terreni, S.
name: Canepa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self assembly on suitably chosen substrates is a well exploited root to control the structure and morphology, hence magnetization, of metal films. In particular, the Cu3Au(001) surface has been recently singled out as a good template to grow high spin Fe phases, due to the close matching between the Cu3Au lattice constant (3.75 Angstrom) and the equilibrium lattice constant for fcc ferromagnetic Fe (3.65 Angstrom). Growth proceeds almost layer by layer at room temperature, with a small amount of Au segregation in the early stage of deposition. Islands of 1-2 nm lateral size and double layer height are formed when 1 monolayer of Fe is deposited on Cu3Au(001) at low temperature. We used the PhotoElectron Diffraction technique to investigate the atomic structure and chemical composition of these nanoislands just after the deposition at 140 K and after annealing at 400 K. We show that only bi-layer islands are formed at low temperature, without any surface segregation. After annealing, the Fe atoms are re-aggregated to form mainly tri-layer islands. Surface segregation is shown to be inhibited also after the annealing process. The implications for the film magnetic properties and the growth model are discussed.
description: Revtex, 5 pages with 4 eps figures
Topology, geometry and mechanics of surgical Z-plasty
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Elisabetta
name: Liang, Haiyi
name: Mahadevan, L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reconstructive surgeries often use topological manipulation of tissue to minimize post-operative scarring. The most common version of this, Z-plasty, involves modifying a straight line cut into a Z-shape, followed by a rotational transposition of the resulting triangular pedicle flaps, and a final restitching the wound. This locally reorients the anisotropic stress field and reduces the potential for scarring. We analyze the planar geometry and mechanics of the Z-plasty to quantify the rotation of the overall stress field and the local forces on the restitched cut using theory, simulations and simple physical Z-plasty experiments with foam sheets that corroborate each other. Our study rationalizes the most typical surgical choice of this angle, and opens the way for a range of surgical decisions by characterizing the stresses along the cut.
Cosmological implications of the MAXIMA-I high resolution Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropy measurement
Creators: name: Stompor, R.
name: Abroe, M.
name: Ade, P.
name: Balbi, A.
name: Barbosa, D.
name: Bock, J.
name: Borrill, J.
name: Boscaleri, A.
name: De Bernardis, P.
name: Ferreira, P. G.
name: Hanany, S.
name: Hristov, V.
name: Jaffe, A. H.
name: Lee, A. T.
name: Pascale, E.
name: Rabii, B.
name: Richards, P. L.
name: Smoot, G. F.
name: Winant, C. D.
name: Wu, J. H. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the cosmological implications of the new constraints on the power spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy derived from a new high resolution analysis of the MAXIMA-1 measurement (Lee et al. 2001). The power spectrum shows excess power at $\ell \sim 860$ over the average level of power at $411 \le\ell \le 785.$ This excess is statistically significant on the 95% confidence level. Such a feature is consistent with the presence of a third acoustic peak, which is a generic prediction of inflation-based models. The height and the position of the excess power match the predictions of a family of inflationary models with cosmological parameters that are fixed to fit the CMB data previously provided by BOOMERANG-LDB and MAXIMA-1 experiments (e.g., Jaffe et al.2001). Our results, therefore, lend support for inflationary models and more generally for the dominance of coherent perturbations in the structure formation of the Universe. At the same time, they seem to disfavor a large variety of the non-standard (but still inflation-based) models that have been proposed to improve the quality of fits to the CMB data and consistency with other cosmological observables. Within standard inflationary models, our results combined with the COBE-DMR data give best fit values and 95% confidence limits for the baryon density, $Ω_b h^2\simeq 0.033{\pm 0.013}$, and the total density, $Ω=0.9{+0.18\atop -0.16}$. The primordial spectrum slope ($n_s$) and the optical depth to the last scattering surface ($τ_c$) are found to be degenerate and to obey the relation $n_s \simeq 0.46 τ_c + (0.99 \pm 0.14)$, for $τ_c \le 0.5$ (all 95% c.l.).
description: Replaced to match a published version
Trisporusa Pace 2005
Creators: name: Hlaváč, Peter
name: Newton, Alfred F.
name: Maruyama, Munetoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Trisporusa

description: Trisporusa Pace
 Trisporusa Pace, 2005a: 419. Type species: Trisporusa tasmaniensis Pace, by original designation tasmaniensis Pace, 2005a: 418 (Trisporusa, TL: Australia, Tas., Sister Creek, Arthur River Rd., Eagle) Distribution: Australia (Tasmania)
description: Published as part of Hlaváč, Peter, Newton, Alfred F. & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2011, World catalogue of the species of the tribe Lomechusini (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) 3075, pp. 1-151 in Zootaxa 3075 on page 86
Spin alignments of vector mesons in deeply inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering
Creators: name: Xu, Qing-hua
name: Liang, Zuo-tang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the calculations of the spin alignments of vector mesons in $e^+e^-$ annihilation in a recent Rapid Communication to deeply inelastic lepton-nucleon scatterings. We present the results for different mesons in the current fragmentation regions of $μ^- N$$ \to$$ μ^- VX$ at high energies and $ν_μN $$\to$$ μ^- VX$ at both high and low energies. We also present the predictions for $ν_μN$$ \to$$ μ^- VX$ at NOMAD energies in the target fragmentation region using a valence quark model.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev. D
A Conditional Empirical Likelihood Based Method for Model Parameter Estimation from Complex survey Datasets
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, Sanjay
name: Handcock, Mark S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider an empirical likelihood framework for inference for a statistical model based on an informative sampling design. Covariate information is incorporated both through the weights and the estimating equations. The estimator is based on conditional weights. We show that under usual conditions, with population size increasing unbounded, the estimates are strongly consistent, asymptotically unbiased and normally distributed. Our framework provides additional justification for inverse probability weighted score estimators in terms of conditional empirical likelihood. In doing so, it bridges the gap between design-based and model-based modes of inference in survey sampling settings. We illustrate these ideas with an application to an electoral survey.
New species and records of Xylariaceae and their allies from Guyana with emphasis on elucidating the biology and ecology of Xylaria karyophthora, a putative pathogen of Greenheart (Chlorocardium spp.) seeds
Creators: name: Husbands, Dillon R
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310705
subject: Mycology

description:  Over the last two decades, mycoflorostic studies undertaken in Guyanese forests have uncovered hundreds of new fungal species and genera. One of the recovered fungal families was the Xylariaceae, although most were not identified to species. Members of this family play ecological roles as decomposers, endophytes, and pathogens of vascular plants and grass species.  In addition, this group is increasingly recognized as a significant source of novel metabolic products with potential for applications in medicine, agriculture, and industrial biofuel. Given its  potential, we took a more targeted approach to the documentation of this group. Our sampling  efforts drawing on more than two decades of field collections yielded ca. 90 species in 12 genera, including a putative pathogen, Xylaria karyophthora of the seeds of Chlorocardium spp (Greenheart). Despite the significance of Greenheart to the Guyanese economy, little is known  about the biology and ecology of this fungus. Due to the lack of available resources to study this  fungus, our objectives were two-fold: first, to sequence and annotate the genome of X.  karyophthora to provide a resource for genome-centric explorations, and to use this genome to  infer the biology and ecology of this fungus. We focused on identifying and characterizing  secretomes, viz. carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and secondary metabolites  biosynthetic gene clusters (SMBGCs) to infer the nutritional strategy of this fungus. Our results  suggest that X. karyophthora has the capacity to act as both an endophyte and a pathogen. To  make further inferences about the population, we used SSR markers to elucidate the genetic  diversity and population structure of X. karyophthora. X. karyophthora populations have high  genetic diversity, potentially exploiting both outcrossing and inbreeding reproductive strategies, and demonstrate a pattern consistent with human-mediated spread. This work will contribute  information on new species and records of Xylariaceous fungi and their allies from Guyana with  particular emphasis on unraveling the epidemiology, genetic diversity, and population structure  of X. karyophthora
Entropy and the second law for driven, or quenched, thermally isolated systems
Creators: name: Seifert, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entropy of a thermally isolated system should not decrease after a quench or external driving. For a classical system following Hamiltonian dynamics, we show how this statement emerges for a large system in the sense that the extensive part of the entropy change does not become negative. However, for any finite system and small driving, the mean entropy change can well be negative. We derive these results using as micro-canonical entropy a variant recently introduced by Swendsen and co-workers called "canonical". This canonical entropy is the one of a canonical ensemble with the corresponding mean energy. As we show by refining the micro-canonical Crooks relation, the same results hold true for the two more conventional choices of micro-canonical entropy given either by the area of a constant energy shell, the Boltzmann entropy, or the volume underneath it, the Gibbs volume entropy. These results are exemplified with quenched $N$-dimensional harmonic oscillators.
description: Dedicated to the memory of Christian Van den Broeck
On supersymmetry breaking vacua from D-branes at orientifold singularities
Creators: name: Argurio, Riccardo
name: Bertolini, Matteo
name: Meynet, Shani
name: Pasternak, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a large class of models of D-branes at (orientifold) Calabi-Yau singularities which enjoy dynamical supersymmetry breaking at low energy, by means of either the $SU(5)$ or 3-2 supersymmetry breaking models. Once embedded in a warped throat or, equivalently, in a large $N$ theory, all models display an instability along a Coulomb branch direction towards supersymmetry preserving vacua. Interestingly, the nature of the runaway mechanism is model-independent and has a precise geometrical interpretation. This naturally suggests the properties a Calabi-Yau singularity should have in order for such instability not to occur.
description: 50 pages, several figures. v2: minor edits, version to appear in journal. v3: typos corrected
Fermionic entanglement in itinerant systems
Creators: name: Zanardi, Paolo
name: Wang, Xiaoguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study pairwise quantum entanglement in systems of fermions itinerant in a lattice from a second-quantized perspective. Entanglement in the grand-canonical ensemble is studied, both for energy eigenstates and for the thermal state. Relations between entanglement and superconducting correlations are discussed in a BCS-like model and for $η$-pair superconductivity.
description: 8 Pages LaTeX, 5 Figures included. Presentation improved, results and references added
Turcizyras Maruyama 2006
Creators: name: Hlaváč, Peter
name: Newton, Alfred F.
name: Maruyama, Munetoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Turcizyras

description: Turcizyras Maruyama
 Turcizyras Maruyama, 2006b: 47. Type species: Turcizyras assingi Maruyama, by original designation assingi Maruyama, 2006b: 50 (Turcizyras, TL: TR-Adiyaman, 50 km NE of Adiyaman, SW Sincik, 1280 m) Distribution: Turkey
description: Published as part of Hlaváč, Peter, Newton, Alfred F. & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2011, World catalogue of the species of the tribe Lomechusini (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) 3075, pp. 1-151 in Zootaxa 3075 on page 86
Additional methods and results from Compound- and context-dependent effects of antibiotics on greenhouse gas emissions from livestock
Creators: name: Danielsson, Rebecca
name: Lucas, Jane
name: Dahlberg, Josef
name: Ramin, Mohammad
name: Agenäs, Sigrid
name: Bayat, Ali-Reza
name: Tapio, Ilma
name: Hammer, Tobin
name: Roslin, Tomas
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Full details on experimental design, animal care, timeline, methods and additional results
Additional file 1 of Is there a non-linear relationship between dietary protein intake and prostate-specific antigen: proof from the national health and nutrition examination survey (2003–2010)
Creators: name: Song, Jukun
name: Chen, Chi
name: He, Song
name: Chen, Weiming
name: Su, Jiaming
name: Yuan, Dongbo
name: Sun, Fa
name: Zhu, Jianguo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplement table 1. The description of missing data. Supplemental table 2: Sensitivity comparative analysis between pre-imputation and post-imputation.
Multi-Reference Epstein-Nesbet Perturbation Theory with Density Matrix Renormalization Group Reference Wavefunction
Creators: name: Song, Yinxuan
name: Cheng, Yifan
name: Ma, Yingjin
name: Ma, Haibo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accurate electronic structure calculation for strongly correlated chemical systems requires an adequate description for both static and dynamic electron correlation, and is a persistent challenge for quantum chemistry. In order to account for static and dynamic electron correlations accurately and efficiently, in this work we propose a new method by integrating the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method and multi-reference second-order Epstein-Nesbet perturbation theory (ENPT2) with a selected configuration interaction (SCI) approximation. Compared with previous DMRG-based dynamic correlation methods, the DMRG-ENPT2 method extends the range of applicability, allowing us to efficiently calculate systems with very large active space beyond 30 orbitals. We demonstrate this by performing calculations on H$_2$S with an active space of (16e, 15o), hexacene with an active space of (26e, 26o) and 2D H$_{64}$ square lattice with an active space of (42e, 42o).
Superfluid pairing in a polarized dipolar Fermi gas
Creators: name: Baranov, M. A.
name: Mar'enko, M. S.
name: Rychkov, Val. S.
name: Shlyapnikov, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the critical temperature of a superfluid phase transition in a polarized Fermi gas of dipolar particles. In this case the order parameter is anisotropic and has a nontrivial energy dependence. Cooper pairs do not have a definite value of the angular momentum and are coherent superpositions of all odd angular momenta. Our results describe prospects for achieving the superfluid transition in single-component gases of fermionic polar molecules.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Diffractive excitation in $pp$ and $pA$ collisions at high energies
Creators: name: Goncalves, V. P.
name: da Silva, R. Palota
name: Silva, P. V. R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider the Good - Walker approach for the diffractive excitation and updated the Miettinen -- Pumplin (MP) model for $pp/\bar{p}p$ collisions considering the recent LHC data for the total and elastic $pp$ cross sections. The behavior of the total, elastic and diffractive cross sections is analyzed and predictions for the energies of Run 3 of the LHC and those of the Cosmic Rays experiments are derived. Our results demonstrate that the MP model is able to describe the current data and that it implies that the cross section for the diffraction excitation in $pp$ collisions is almost constant in the energy range probed by the LHC and slowly decreases at higher energies. Our results indicate that the Pumplin bound is not reached at the LHC and Cosmic Ray energies. Moreover, the implications of the diffractive excitation in $pA$ collisions is discussed. In particular, the MP model, constrained by the $pp$ data, is used to derive the main quantities present in the treatment of the diffractive excitation in $pA$ collisions. Predictions for the total, elastic and diffractive $pA$ cross sections are presented considering different nuclei. We demonstrate that the effect of fluctuations decreases at larger energies and heavier nuclei. The energy dependence of the diffractive excitation cross section in $pA$ collisions is estimated for different nuclei and compared with the predictions for the proton dissociation induced by photon interactions.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables