cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observational Signatures of Highly Magnified Gravitational Waves from Compact Binary Coalescence
Creators: name: Lo, Rico K. L.
name: Vujeva, Luka
name: Ezquiaga, Jose María
name: Chan, Juno C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational lensing has empowered telescopes to discover astronomical objects that are otherwise out of reach without being highly magnified by foreground structures. While we expect gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences to also experience lensing, the phenomenology of highly magnified GWs has not been fully exploited. In this Letter, we fill this gap and explore the observational signatures of these highly magnified GWs. We find that these signatures are robust against modeling details and can be used as smoking-gun evidence to confirm the detection of lensing of GWs without any electromagnetic observation. Additionally, diffraction becomes important in some cases, which limits the maximum possible magnification and gives waveform signatures of lensing that can only be observed by GW detectors. Even with current-generation observatories, we are already sensitive to these rare, highly magnified GWs and could use them to probe the high-redshift Universe beyond the usual horizon.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Matching the published version
Viscous damping of r-modes: Large amplitude saturation
Creators: name: Alford, Mark G.
name: Mahmoodifar, Simin
name: Schwenzer, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the viscous damping of r-mode oscillations of compact stars, taking into account non-linear viscous effects in the large-amplitude regime. The qualitatively different cases of hadronic stars, strange quark stars, and hybrid stars are studied. We calculate the viscous damping times of r-modes, obtaining numerical results and also general approximate analytic expressions that explicitly exhibit the dependence on the parameters that are relevant for a future spindown evolution calculation. The strongly enhanced damping of large amplitude oscillations leads to damping times that are considerably lower than those obtained when the amplitude dependence of the viscosity is neglected. Consequently, large-amplitude viscous damping competes with the gravitational instability at all physical frequencies and could stop the r-mode growth in case this is not done before by non-linear hydrodynamic mechanisms.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures, changed convention for the r-mode amplitude, version to be published in PRD
Connectivity properties of random interlacement and intersection of random walks
Creators: name: Ráth, Balázs
name: Sapozhnikov, Artëm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the interlacement Poisson point process on the space of doubly-infinite Z^d-valued trajectories modulo time-shift, tending to infinity at positive and negative infinite times. The set of vertices and edges visited by at least one of these trajectories is the random interlacement at level u of Sznitman arXiv:0704.2560 . We prove that for any u>0, almost surely, (1) any two vertices in the random interlacement at level u are connected via at most ceiling(d/2) trajectories of the point process, and (2) there are vertices in the random interlacement at level u which can only be connected via at least ceiling(d/2) trajectories of the point process. In particular, this implies the already known result of Sznitman arXiv:0704.2560 that the random interlacement at level u is connected.
description: minor corrections
Redistribution of Angular Momentum in High Redshift Galaxies - A KMOS and SINFONI study
Creators: name: Gillman, Steven
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The Hubble sequence of galaxy morphologies emerges around z~1.5.  This is the epoch when spiral galaxies begin to dominate the population.  The evolution of the dynamics of high-redshift galaxies, from clumpy, disordered systems to ordered rotating disks has been well studied with seeing-limited observations (SINS, KROSS, KMOS3D, KDS) but many questions remain about the driving mechanisms that cause the transformation from clumpy, disordered systems in to spiral galaxies.  To this end, we have observed a sample of 34 high-redshift star-forming galaxies that span a redshift range z=0.8-3.3 with adaptive optics IFU spectroscopy, resolving their ISM down to ~kpc scales.  We chart the distribution of angular momentum within each galaxy, and use the results to test competing theories as to how the redistribution of angular momentum stabilises the gas disks and results in the emergence of the Hubble Sequence.
Majorana resonances and how to avoid them in periodic topological superconductor-nanowire structures
Creators: name: Sau, Jay D.
name: Lin, Chien Hung
name: Hui, Hoi-Yin
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconducting nanowires in proximity to superconductors are promising experimental systems for Majorana fermions which may ultimately be used as building blocks for topological quantum computers. A serious challenge in the experimental realization of the Majorana fermion in these semiconductor-superconductor nanowire structures is tuning the semiconductor chemical potential in close proximity to the metallic superconductor. We show that, presently realizable structures in experiments with tunable chemical potential lead to Majorana resonances, which are interesting in their own right, but do not manifest non-Abelian statistics. This poses a central challenge to the field. We show how to overcome this challenge, thus resolving a crucial barrier to the solid state realization of a topological system containing the Majorana fermion. We propose a new topological superconducting array structure where introducing the superconducting proximity effect from adjacent nanowires generates Majorana fermions with non-Abelian statistics.
description: 4.5 pages, 3 Figures
Snowshoe hare abundance and foraging behaviour in recently burned forests
Creators: name: Hutchen, Jenna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: A combination of climate change and decades of fire suppression has led to an increase in the size of wildfires in North American conifer forests. Large wildfires are more heterogeneous than smaller fires because of their landscape context and fire-weather that ignites them. Larger fires are patchier, and have more opportunities for good habitat, but they also produce large patches of open area where prey species are exposed to predation. For many mammal species, such as snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) this patchiness means having to navigate quite different habitat patches while trying to locate adequate cover and food. The density of animals in burns of different sizes, and how individuals behave while foraging in those within-burn patches, is unknown for many species. This study addresses these knowledge gaps (fire size and within-burn patchiness) with two studies. First, I assessed densities of snowshoe hare in 9 wildfires that burned 13 years ago (3 each of small (~100 ha), medium (1000-5000 ha), and large (>10,000 ha)) and in mature forests in southern British Columbia to determine if fire size impacts hare density. I found that hares were highly variable in large burns but when they were present the densities were the highest of any sites. Hares were absent from small burns and most medium burns. Hares were commonly present in mature forests but at much lower densities than in large burns. Second, I assessed snowshoe hare foraging behaviour by measuring tortuosity, speed of movement, and amount of browse along winter foraging pathways in open and regenerating patches of the Okanagan Mountain Park fire (>25,000 ha) and surrounding mature forest. I found that hares moved the fastest and browsed the least in open patches, and moved slower and ate more in sapling patches. Hares did not change tortuosity. The data from these two studies show that fire size is an important predictor of snowshoe hare density and that hares change foraging behaviour to some degree based on the type of habitat they are in.
KASHz: The properties and prevalence of AGN-driven outflows during the peak of activity
Creators: name: Harrison, Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: There is now wide observational support that AGN drive outflows into their host galaxies and beyond. For low-redshift systems (z<0.5) optical spectroscopic surveys, such as SDSS, have played a key role in determining the prevalence of ionized outflows in AGN and non-AGN host galaxies. Consequently, follow-up spatially-resolved spectroscopy (i.e., IFU observations) means that detailed measurements of the properties of these outflows can placed into context of the overall population. However, for systems during the peak epoch of black hole and galaxy growth (z~1-3) IFU constraints of AGN outflows have typically been of rare, extreme objects.  To overcome these limitations, we have utilised KMOS GTO to create a sample of 250 z~0.5-3 AGN with IFU observations to search for and to characterise ionised outflows. In combination with follow- up AO-assisted IFU observations and high-resolution ALMA observations of subsets of our targets, we are creating a detailed picture of how typical AGN impact upon the star formation in their host galaxies.
Ferritin-Mediated Iron Sequestration Stabilizes Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α upon LPS Activation in the Presence of Ample Oxygen
Creators: name: Jantsch, Jonathan
name: Schatz, Valentin
name: Dettmer, Katja
name: Dick, Christopher
name: Ehrenschwender, Martin
name: Hellerbrand, Claus
name: Oefner, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Both hypoxic and inflammatory conditions activate transcription factors such as hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and nuclear factor (NF)-κB, which play a crucial role in adaptive responses to these challenges. In dendritic cells (DC), lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HIF1α accumulation requires NF-κB signaling and promotes inflammatory DC function. The mechanisms that drive LPS-induced HIF1α accumulation under normoxia are unclear. Here, we demonstrate that LPS inhibits prolyl hydroxylase domain enzyme (PHD) activity and thereby blocks HIF1α degradation. Of note, LPS-induced PHD inhibition was neither due to cosubstrate depletion (oxygen or α-ketoglutarate) nor due to increased levels of reactive oxygen species, fumarate, and succinate. Instead, LPS inhibited PHD activity through NF-κB-mediated induction of the iron storage protein ferritin and subsequent decrease of intracellular available iron, a critical cofactor of PHD. Thus, hypoxia and LPS both induce HIF1α accumulation via PHD inhibition but deploy distinct molecular mechanisms (lack of cosubstrate oxygen versus deprivation of co-factor iron).
Tinnitus Handicap Inventory for Evaluating Treatment Effects: Which Changes Are Clinically Relevant?
Creators: name: Zeman, Florian
name: Koller, Michael
name: Figueiredo, Ricardo
name: Aazevedo, Andreia
name: Rates, Marcello
name: Coelho, Claudia
name: Kleinjung, Tobias
name: De Ridder, Dirk
name: Langguth, Berthold
name: Landgrebe, Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: tinnitus; Tinnitus Handicap Inventory
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Objective. To determine the minimum change of the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score that could be considered clinically relevant, the authors compared the absolute change of the THI with the Clinical Global Impression–Improvement (CGI-I) score. Study Design. International studies register with standardized data collection. Setting. Tinnitus Research Initiative (TRI). Subjects and Methods. Two hundred ten patients of the TRI database were eligible for this study. In the first analysis, the THI score change and CGI-I ratings were compared with equipercentile linking. In a second analysis, the authors categorized the CGI-I into the 4 groups much better or better, minimally better, no change, and worse and calculated the corresponding differences of the THI score and the effect sizes. An effect size separating the minimally better and the no-change groups was chosen, and the referring THI mean score difference was calculated. Results. According to the linking method, a CGI-I value of 3 (minimally better) corresponded to a THI score reduction of 6 to 16, whereas the CGI-I value of 4 (no change) corresponded to the range between improvement by 5 points and worsening by 4 points. For separating the no-change and minimally better groups, an effect size d = 0.5 was determined, resulting in a minimal clinically relevant difference of ΔTHI = 7. Conclusion. Two different methods yielded comparable results in identifying a reduction in the THI score of 6 and 7 points, respectively, as the minimal clinically relevant change. This study provides a first orientation for sample size calculations and for planning the design of future studies.
The Analysis of Space-Time Structure in QCD Vacuum II: Dynamics of Polarization and Absolute X-Distribution
Creators: name: Alexandru, Andrei
name: Draper, Terrence
name: Horvath, Ivan
name: Streuer, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a framework for quantitative evaluation of dynamical tendency for polarization in arbitrary random variable that can be decomposed into a pair of orthogonal subspaces. The method uses measures based on comparisons of given dynamics to its counterpart with statistically independent components. The formalism of previously considered X-distributions is used to express the aforementioned comparisons, in effect putting the former approach on solid footing. Our analysis leads to definition of a suitable correlation coefficient with clear statistical meaning. We apply the method to the dynamics induced by pure-glue lattice QCD in local left-right components of overlap Dirac eigenmodes. It is found that, in finite physical volume, there exists a non-zero physical scale in the spectrum of eigenvalues such that eigenmodes at smaller (fixed) eigenvalues exhibit convex X-distribution (positive correlation), while at larger eigenvalues the distribution is concave (negative correlation). This chiral polarization scale thus separates a regime where dynamics enhances chirality relative to statistical independence from a regime where it suppresses it, and gives an objective definition to the notion of "low" and "high" Dirac eigenmode. We propose to investigate whether the polarization scale remains non-zero in the infinite volume limit, in which case it would represent a new kind of low energy scale in QCD.
description: v2: 38 pages, 12 figures, author-preferred version; v3: journal-preferred version
Mutationen im ABCA4-Gen in einer Familie mit Stargardtscher Erkrankung und Retinitis pigmentosa (STGD1/RP19)
Creators: name: Rudolph, G.
name: Kalpadakis, P.
name: Haritoglou, C.
name: Rivera, A.
name: Weber, Bernhard H. F.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Morbus Stargardt - STGD1 - homozygote und compound-heterozygote Mutationen - Null-Allel - rezessive Retinitis pigmentosa - RP19
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Hintergrund: Darstellung von Mutationen im ABCA4-Gen in einer Familie mit klinischem Phänotyp einer Stargardtschen Erkrankung und einer Retinitis pigmentosa. Methoden: Die klinische Untersuchung bestand in der Funduskopie, der Duchführung eines ERG, der Farbsinntestung mit dem Arden-Color-Contrast-Gerät, der FLA bei einer Patientin, einer Perimetrie und SLO-Perimetrie. Die 50 Exone des ABCA4-Gens wurden mit einer Kombination einer denaturierenden HPLC und mittels SSCP analysiert. Ergebnisse: Patientin I/1, die Mutter eines ebenfalls betroffenen Sohnes (II/2) imponierte mit den typischen Zeichen einer Stargardtschen Erkrankung, wohingegen ihr Sohn (II/2) morphologisch, wie funktionell die klassischen Zeichen für das Vorliegen einer Retinitis pigmentosa aufwies. Bei Patientin I/1 fand sich molekulargenetisch eine Missense-Mutation im Exon 42 (G5882G > A) sowie eine Leserasterverschiebung im Exon 43 (5917delG), welche zu einem Stopp in der Proteintranslation führt. Bei dem Patienten II/2 fand sich diese Stop-Codon-Mutation im Exon 43 in homozygotem Zustand. Schlussfolgerungen: Unterschiedliche Mutationen im ABCA4-Gen (STGD1) können in ein und derselben Familie zu unterschiedlichen klinischen Phänotypen führen, wobei es einerseits zur Manifestation eines typischen Morbus Stargardt und andererseits zum Phänotyp einer autosomal rezessiven Retinitis pigmentosa kommen kann (RP19).
Falling rotation curves of star-forming galaxies at z=0.7-2.6 probed with KMOS-3D and SINS/zC-SINF
Creators: name: Lang, Philipp
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: I will present the results of a project examining the largely unexplored outer rotation curves of star-forming galaxies at high redshift, exploiting the deep H- alpha IFU kinematic data sets from the KMOS3D and SINS/zCSINF surveys. Through carefully stacking the signal of ~100 massive star-forming disks at z=0.7-2.6, we are able to constrain a representative rotation curve reaching out to 4 effective radii.  Our stacked rotation curve exhibits a turnover with a significant decrease in rotation velocity in the outer regions (~40%). This substantiates the recent evidence for falling outer rotation curves presented for individual massive star-forming disks at high redshift.  Our results are also in good agreement with current studies of the inner ionized gas kinematics of several groups, demonstrating that with increasing redshift star-forming disks are increasingly baryon-dominated. The steep falloff of the stacked outer rotation curve further indicates a significant level of turbulent gas motions at large radii, with important implications on the outer disk structure of massive high-redshift galaxies.
A study on mathayomsuksa i students achievement in social studies, religion and culture and ability in solving problem the instructional methods based on cippa and four noble truths
Creators: name: Phinla, Wipapan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 390102
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development

description: The purpose of this was to find the studying mathayomsuksa I students achievement in social studies, religion and culture and ability in solving problem the instructional methods based on Cippa and Four noble truths. The sample of the study were 90 students of Mathayomsuksa I of Sinakharinwirot University Laboratory School during the second semester of the 2010 academic year. They were randomly selected by using cluster random sampling method and assigned into two groups, with 45 students in each. The first experimental group was taught through leaming using Cippa where as the second was taught through leaming using Four noble truths. I took 18 teaching periods for each group. The research design of this study was Randomized group Pretest Posttest. The 1-test Independent sample and t-test for dependent sample (Different score) was used for data analysis The results of this study indicated that 1. The students approached by Cippe model with Four noble truths model had achievement on social studies religion and culture was not different 2. The students approached by Cippa model had their higher Post-Test achievement on social studies religion and culture than pre-test 3. The students approached by Four noble truths model had their higher Post-Test achievement on social studies religion and culture than pre-lest 4. The students approached by Cippa model with Four noble truths model had problem solving ability was not different 6. The students approached by Cippa model had problem solving abilly higher Post-Test than pre-test
The study of mathayomsuksa vi students learning social studies achievement and their creative thinking dynamic group investigation model and constructivism approach
Creators: name: Phinla, Wipapan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 390102
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development

description: The purpose of research was to compare on social studies learning achievement and Creative Thinking Dynamic Group and Constructivism Approach of Mathayomsuksa VI Students, The samples used in this research were 60 Mathayomsuksa VI Student at Phrachamongkol School, in the first semester of the 2011 academic year. Through the cister random sampling technique, They were divided into 2 group; The experimental 1 was Constructivism Approach; where as the experimental 2 was Dynamic Group. The Randomized Group Pretest-Posttest Design was used in the study. Were social studies achievement test with reliability of 0.81 analytical thinking test with reliability of 0.79, and the t-test (Difference Score) was statistically used for data analysis. The results of this study indicated that 1. The students' no significantly in analytical thinking ability through constructivism and through group investigation model. 2. The students social studies achivement after using constructivism was significantly higher than that of pre-test at the 01 level. 3. The students' social studies achivement after usang Dynamic Group was significantly higher than that of pre-test at the 01 level. 4. The students' no significantly different in social studies achivement through constructivism and through Dynamic Group. 5. The students' Creative thinking ability after using constructivism was significantly higher than that of pre-test at the 01 level. 6. The students' Dynamic Group thinking ability after using Dynamic Group was signdicantly logher than that of pre-test at the 01 lovel.
Impact of Sunitinib on Human Thyroid Cancer Cells
Creators: name: Grosse, Jirka
name: Warnke, E.
name: Pohl, Fabian
name: Magnusson, Nils E.
name: Wehland, M.
name: Infanger, M.
name: Eilles, Christoph
name: Grimm, Daniela
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Thyroid cancer; Sunitinib; Cytokines; Radiation; VEGF; Gene expression
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background/Aims: Thyroid cancer accounts for about 1% of all cancer cases. Multikinase inhibitors like sunitinib (S) have a promising potential in thyroid cancer therapy. Therefore, the principal aim of this study was to investigate the impact of sunitinib on the secretion of cytokines of follicular thyroid cancer cells. Method: The effects of irradiation (R), S, and their combination (R+S) on cytokine secretion by the human thyroid cancer cell lines ML-1 and CGTH W-1 were evaluated after two (d2) and four days (d4) of treatment. Results: Multi-Analyte Profiling of cytokine release showed a decrease after S treatment (CGTH W-1: IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-8 d2, MIP-1a, MMP-2, TNF-α and TNF-β; ML-1: IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8; MIP-1α, MMP-2, MCP-1, TNF-α and TNF-β). R elevated significantly the release of cytokines (exception ML-1: MCP-1, MMP-2; CGTH W-1: IL-4, TNF-β). In contrast, R+S treatment resulted in a reduction of IFN-γ, IL-4, and MMP-2 in both cell lines. IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 proteins in the supernatant correlated with the data obtained by quantitative RT-PCR. VEGFD mRNAs were significantly elevated by R+S. Conclusion: A target-based therapy with R+S changed VEGFD, IL-6 and IL-8 in follicular thyroid cancer cells. These in vitro-experiments suggest IL-6, IL-8, VEGFD and TNF-α as interesting biomarkers to be investigated in vivo. Different reactions of the cell lines under equal treatment might be due to their different origin and characteristics.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Oncological Outcome of Primary versus Secondary Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Is Comparable after Radical Cystectomy
Creators: name: Aziz, Atiqullah
name: Gierth, Michael
name: Fritsche, H. M.
name: May, M.
name: Otto, Wolfgang
name: Denzinger, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Bladder cancer; Risk stratification; EORTC risk tables; Prognosis; Progression; Radical cystectomy
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: High-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) progressing to muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is associated with adverse tumour biology. It is unclear, however, whether outcome of NMIBC progressing to MIBC is adverse compared to primary MIBC and whether NMIBC of higher risk of progression to MIBC is adverse compared to NMIBC of lower risk. Objective: Our objective was to assess cancer-specific survival (CSS) following radical cystectomy (RC) for primary MIBC and for NMIBC progressing to MIBC in dependence of EORTC risk score. Materials and Methods: Clinical and histopathological characteristics and CSS of 150 patients were assessed. Secondary MIBCs were stratified by EORTC risk score at the last transurethral resection of bladder tumour for NMIBC. Results: CSS did not differ significantly between primary and secondary MIBC (p = 0.521). Secondary MIBC with high EORTC score had significantly shorter CSS compared to secondary MIBC with intermediate EORTC score (p = 0.029). In multivariable analysis, pathological tumour stage (HR = 3.77; p = 0.020) and lymph node stage (HR = 2.34; p = 0.022) were significantly correlated with CSS. Conclusion: While the outcome of secondary MIBC is not generally adverse compared to primary MIBC, the EORTC risk score not only reflects high risk of progression of NMIBC to MIBC, but also worse outcome following RC for secondary MIBC. Timely RC should thus be debated in high-risk NMIBC.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Hints on integrability in the Wilsonian/holographic renormalization group
Creators: name: Akhmedov, E. T.
name: Gahramanov, I. B.
name: Musaev, E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Polchinski equations for the Wilsonian renormalization group in the $D$--dimensional matrix scalar field theory can be written at large $N$ in a Hamiltonian form. The Hamiltonian defines evolution along one extra holographic dimension (energy scale) and can be found exactly for the complete basis of single trace operators. We show that at low energies independently of the dimensionality $D$ the Hamiltonian system in question (for the subsector of operators without derivatives) reduces to the {\it integrable} effective theory. The obtained Hamiltonian system describes large wavelength KdV type (Burger--Hopf) equation and is related to the effective theory obtained by Das and Jevicki for the matrix quantum mechanics.
description: 9 pages. Arguments are expanded. Higher derivative operators are included
Doublon production rate in modulated optical lattices
Creators: name: Tokuno, Akiyuki
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Giamarchi, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically lattice modulation experiments with ultracold fermions in optical lattices. We focus on the regime relevant to current experiments when interaction strength is larger than the bandwidth and temperature is higher than magnetic superexchange energy. We obtain analytical expressions for the rate of doublon production as a function of modulation frequency, filling factor, and temperature. We use local density approximation to average over inhomogeneous density for atoms in a parabolic trap and find excellent agreement with experimentally measured values. Our results suggest that lattice modulation experiments can be used for thermometry of strongly interacting fermionic ensembles in optical lattices.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, final version
Perception of biological motion by jumping spiders
Creators: name: De Agrò, Massimo
name: Rößler, Daniela C.
name: Kim, Kris
name: Shamble, Paul S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: The body of most creatures is composed of interconnected joints. During motion, the spatial location of these joints changes, but they must maintain their distances to one another, effectively moving semirigidly. This pattern, termed “biological motion” in the literature, can be used as a visual cue, enabling many animals (including humans) to distinguish animate from inanimate objects. Crucially, even artificially created scrambled stimuli, with no recognizable structure but that maintains semirigid movement patterns, are perceived as animated. However, to date, biological motion perception has only been reported in vertebrates. Due to their highly developed visual system and complex visual behaviors, we investigated the capability of jumping spiders to discriminate biological from nonbiological motion using point-light display stimuli. These kinds of stimuli maintain motion information while being devoid of structure. By constraining spiders on a spherical treadmill, we simultaneously presented 2 point-light displays with specific dynamic traits and registered their preference by observing which pattern they turned toward. Spiders clearly demonstrated the ability to discriminate between biological motion and random stimuli, but curiously turned preferentially toward the latter. However, they showed no preference between biological and scrambled displays, results that match responses produced by vertebrates. Crucially, spiders turned toward the stimuli when these were only visible by the lateral eyes, evidence that this task may be eye specific. This represents the first demonstration of biological motion recognition in an invertebrate, posing crucial questions about the evolutionary history of this ability and complex visual processing in nonvertebrate systems.
Delayed-then-rapid quenching of cluster galaxies as probed by LoCuSS, and by KMOS at z~1.5
Creators: name: Maier, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: I explored seven LoCuSS clusters with spectroscopy of 3000 cluster galaxies covering a region which corresponds to about three virial radii for each cluster.  For cluster galaxies inside R200 I found higher metallicities (O/H) values than for field galaxies of similar masses, indicating a strangulation scenario in which gas inflow stops when these galaxies are accreted to the cluster (similar to the findings by Maier et al. 2016). This is consistent with a delayed- then-rapid quenching scenario: Strangulation starts when galaxies enter R200 with a "delayed" phase in which cluster galaxies show still "normal, main sequence SFRs", but elevated metallicities tracing ongoing quenching. This phase is followed with a delay of about 2Gyrs by a rapid decline in SFRs, the "rapid" phase.  Moving to higher z, I use two HSC SSP galaxy clusters at z~1.5 with finished KMOS H-band to get Halpha and [NII] complemented with upcoming YJ-band KMOS data of [OIII] and Hbeta of 46 cluster galaxies. I will discuss if these cluster galaxies at z~1.5 also show signs for higher metallicities (lower [OIII]/Hbeta line ratios) than field counterparts, a sign for strangulation in the "delayed phase" of quenching.
The spatial and temporal dynamics of self-relevance of attention for objects
Creators: name: Truong, Grace
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Ownership is a powerful mechanism for influencing attention. Objects that are owned by the self receive more attention and are more likely to be remembered than equivalent objects that are owned by another person. The most common explanation for this ownership effect is self- referencing/self-relevance: the act of associating an object with the self such that it is personally relevant to the self. What remained unknown is how the ownership-attention relationship functions when the scope of the self is expanded to include the influences of the body and the continuity (or lack thereof) of self-relevance over time. Over three studies, my dissertation aims to contextualize the attentional effects of ownership within these broader dimensions. In the first study, I found that the presence of the body could moderate the classic effect of ownership but that this moderation depends on the body’s ability to directly manipulate the contents of its environment. In the second study, I found that ownership might operate as a form of affective salience, altering attentional prioritization and, in turn, temporal perception. In the third study, I found that objects that cease to be self-owned still receive greater attentional resources than objects that are not initially self-owned, suggesting that the effects of self-relevance are robust to subsequent changes in ownership. My research demonstrates that the effects of ownership on attention may rely on multiple aspects of self, including embodiment and motivational significance. Importantly, one critical element that emerges from these studies is that of an active or agentic self that is distinguishable from more object-based aspects of self. Collectively, these findings suggest that a deeper understanding of ownership effects on attention necessitates a deeper understanding of the self.
Correlations between kinematics and metallicity of bulge stars
Creators: name: Rojas-Arriagada, Alvaro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Our understanding of the rather complex nature of the Galactic bulge has substantially increased in the last decade, mainly driven by the data provided by recent large scale photometric and high-resolution spectroscopic surveys. The picture that has emerged from this very active research made evident that the Galactic bulge cannot longer be considered as a simple homogeneous structure. As already suggested from the bimodal nature of the metallicity distribution function, the bulge seems to be the product of the spatial coexistence of two groups of metal-rich and metal-poor stars, with different spatial distributions, alpha-enhancements, and seemingly, different ages. In this context, kinematic information for bulge stars of different metallicity provides a fundamental ingredient to disentangle their eventual different origin by revealing their different dynamics. In this talk, I will briefly review the lessons learned from correlating radial velocity with metallicity, as sampled across
Implications of a Stochastic Microscopic Finsler Cosmology
Creators: name: Mavromatos, Nick E.
name: Mitsou, Vasiliki A.
name: Sarkar, Sarben
name: Vergou, Ariadne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the context of supersymmetric space-time (D-particle) foam in string/brane-theory, we discuss a Finsler-induced Cosmology and its implications for (thermal) Dark Matter abundances. This constitutes a truly microscopic model of dynamical space-time, where Finsler geometries arise naturally. The D-particle foam model involves point-like brane defects (D-particles), which provide the topologically non-trivial foamy structures of space-time. The D-particles can capture and emit stringy matter and this leads to a recoil of D-particles. It is indicated how one effect of such a recoil of D-particles is a back-reaction on the space-time metric of Finsler type which is stochastic. We show that such a type of stochastic space-time foam can lead to acceptable cosmologies at late epochs of the Universe, due to the non-trivial properties of the supersymmetric (BPS like) D-particle defects, which are such so as not to affect significantly the Hubble expansion. The restrictions placed on the free parameters of the Finsler type metric are obtained from solving the Boltzmann equation in this background for relic abundances of a Lightest Supersymmetric Particle (LSP) dark matter candidate. It is demonstrated that the D-foam acts as a source for particle production in the Boltzmann equation, thereby leading to enhanced thermal LSP relic abundances relative to those in the Standard LambdaCDM Cosmology. For D-particle masses of order TeV, such effects may be relevant for dark matter searches at colliders. The latter constraints complement those coming from high energy gamma-ray astronomy on the induced vacuum refractive index that D-foam models entail. We also comment briefly on the production mechanisms of such TeV-mass stringy defects at colliders, which, in view of the current LHC experimental searches, will impose further constraints on their couplings.
description: 44 pages, 5 figures. Amended version including detailed discussion on effects of D-particle foam on Universe expansion, and on production of D-particles at colliders (LHC). No change in conclusions. Version to appear in EPJC
ASSESSING ORGANIZATIONAL CHALLENGES WITHIN MUNICIPAL GIS IMPLEMENTATIONS: A CASE STUDY OF URBAN DRAINAGE SYSTEM ASSET MANAGEMENT IN ORANGE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA
Creators: name: Wallace, Andrew McCall
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: GIS
stormwater
infrastructure
climate resilience
organizations

description: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are widely used by municipalities to track the spatial distributions and attributes of infrastructure assets. However, the potential utility of a GIS may be reduced due to organizational issues. GIS researchers and practitioners have continually faced this issue of proper implementation, as well as the overall efficacy of GIS systems within organizations. This research studies the organizational issues facing municipal GIS implementations, using a case study of urban drainage asset management from Orange County, California. Given the compounding effects of aging infrastructure, rising levels of impervious surfaces, and the greater likelihood of extreme precipitation events due to a changing climate, the management of urban drainage systems will become increasingly critical. While GIS tools may be capable of playing a large role in the life cycle management of these urban drainage system assets, there are often specific organizational barriers that prevent this potential in asset management from being fully realized. This research utilizes semi-structured interviews and questionnaires to assess the common organizational challenges with GIS implementations for urban drainage system management at both the municipal and county setting in Orange County, California. Results indicate that the most common challenges are the lack of staff, the lack of a mature Asset Management System, and inaccurate spatial data. This study concludes with recommendations and strategies to minimize the identified organizational barriers and aims to provide a framework for more effective future municipal GIS implementations.
What Multi-band Temporal Photometry of RR Lyrae stars can tell us about the Galactic Bulge
Creators: name: Saha, Abhijit
name: Vivas, K.
name: Olszewski, E.
name: Olsen, Knut
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Minimum light colors of RR Lyrae stars (which are both standard color markers as well as standard candles) measured with the DECam imager on the Blanco 4m telescope at CTIO in select fields in the Galactic bulge are used to independently derive the extinction law in these visible passbands. Variations in the color-color diagrams on sub-arc-minute scales allow the construction of reddening maps that can be anchored to the RR Lyrae color scale, yielding reddening and extinction corrected color-magnitude diagrams of unprecedented clarity that reveal interesting features and characteristics of stellar populations in the bulge, including a very blue horizontal branch and surprisingly young stars with super-solar abundance. The extinction corrected RR Lyrae stars also trace the density distribution of the ancient stars, and structure in the reddening maps show remnants from the past.
The only Kähler manifold with degree of mobility $\ge 3$ is $(CP(n), g_{Fubini-Study})$
Creators: name: Fedorova, A.
name: Kiosak, V.
name: Matveev, V. S.
name: Rosemann, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C55, 53C17, 53C25, 32J27, 53A20

description: The degree of mobility of a (pseudo-Riemannian) Kähler metric is the dimension of the space of metrics h-projectively equivalent to it. We prove that a metric on a closed connected manifold can not have the degree of mobility $\ge 3$ unless it is essentially the Fubini-Study metric, or the h-projective equivalence is actually the affine equivalence. As the main application we prove an important special case of the classical conjecture attributed to Obata and Yano, stating that a closed manifold admitting an essential group of h-projective transformations is $(CP(n), g_{Fubini-Study})$ (up to a multiplication of the metric by a constant). An additional result is the generalization of a certain result of Tanno 1978 for the pseudo-Riemannian situation.
description: 31 pages, 2 .eps figures. No essential changes w.r.t. v1 (misprints, reference updated,etc.)
The Milky Way bulge stellar ages
Creators: name: Valenti, Elena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: A number of recent photometric and spectroscopic surveys are producing a comprehensive and coherent picture of the Milky Way bulge through the detailed properties of its stellar content. While there is a general consensus on the overall morphology, 3D structure, kinematics and metallicity of the bulge, a still debated question regards the age of its stellar population. Photometric studies find the bulk of the bulge stellar population to be consistently old (i.e. >10 Gyr) across different fields. Yet, this picture of a purely old bulge has been challenged by recent spectroscopic results, which advocate for the presence of a substantial fraction of young-intermediate-age population (i.e. <5Gyr). In this context, I will provide an overview of all stellar age determinations in the bulge, highlighting pros and cons of all different methods. The impact of different age estimates on the formation and evolution of the bulge is also discussed.
ANALYSIS OF ACUTE MENTAL STRESS GENERATED FROM COGNITIVE SKILLS TESTS
Creators: name: De La Cruz, Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: acute stress
brain-computer interface
electroencephalography
functional near-infrared spectroscopy
heart rate variability
Welch's method

description: Due to the variety of activities an individual may partake in each day, mental stress can become a regular occurrence. Tasks that require using specific cognitive skills have the potential to produce larger amounts of stress than others. Proper identification of which of these skills produces more stress can help individuals recognize and take action to alleviate sources of stress prior to developing negative health effects. In this study, electroencephalogram, functional near-infrared spectroscopy, and heart rate data were collected and analyzed to monitor for acute mental stress. A series of three mobile game applications were used as sources of acute stress, with each focusing on testing a particular skill: logical thinking, reaction time, and short-term memory. The series of biosignals were monitored and recorded while each subject played the corresponding game. An additional set of data was taken prior to each individual playing the game in order to compare to the data taken during the gameplay. Each application was played separately and for an equal amount of time. Post-processing was done in MATLAB to isolate and observe changes in each frequency of brain wave, which served as the primary indicators of stress. Welch’s method was used for computing the power spectral densities of alpha, beta, and theta waves for each trial for all subjects. Individual results for each of the games indicate that each one was capable of inducing stress on the subjects. A comparison of the results indicates that trials requiring short-term memory produce a lesser amount of stress compared with those requiring logical thinking and reaction time skills.
Entropic Tension in Crowded Membranes
Creators: name: Lindén, Martin
name: Sens, Pierre
name: Phillips, Rob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Unlike their model membrane counterparts, biological membranes are richly decorated with a heterogeneous assembly of membrane proteins. These proteins are so tightly packed that their excluded area interactions can alter the free energy landscape controlling the conformational transitions suffered by such proteins. For membrane channels, this effect can alter the critical membrane tension at which they undergo a transition from a closed to an open state, and therefore influence protein function \emph{in vivo}. Despite their obvious importance, crowding phenomena in membranes are much less well studied than in the cytoplasm. Using statistical mechanics results for hard disk liquids, we show that crowding induces an entropic tension in the membrane, which influences transitions that alter the projected area and circumference of a membrane protein. As a specific case study in this effect, we consider the impact of crowding on the gating properties of bacterial mechanosensitive membrane channels, which are thought to confer osmoprotection when these cells are subjected to osmotic shock. We find that crowding can alter the gating energies by more than $2\;k_BT$ in physiological conditions, a substantial fraction of the total gating energies in some cases. Given the ubiquity of membrane crowding, the nonspecific nature of excluded volume interactions, and the fact that the function of many membrane proteins involve significant conformational changes, this specific case study highlights a general aspect in the function of membrane proteins.
description: 20 pages (inclduing supporting information), 4 figures, to appear in PLoS Comp. Biol
TopHat2: accurate alignment of transcriptomes in the presence of insertions, deletions and gene fusions
Creators: name: Kim, Daehwan
name: Pertea, Geo
name: Trapnell, Cole
name: Pimentel, Harold
name: Kelley, Ryan
name: Salzberg, Steven L
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2013
Subjects: Splice Site
Edit Distance
Entire Human Genome
Multiple Exon
Transcriptome Mapping

description: TopHat is a popular spliced aligner for RNA-sequence (RNA-seq) experiments. In this paper, we describe TopHat2, which incorporates many significant enhancements to TopHat. TopHat2 can align reads of various lengths produced by the latest sequencing technologies, while allowing for variable-length indels with respect to the reference genome. In addition to de novo spliced alignment, TopHat2 can align reads across fusion breaks, which can occur after genomic translocations. TopHat2 combines the ability to identify novel splice sites with direct mapping to known transcripts, producing sensitive and accurate alignments, even for highly repetitive genomes or in the presence of pseudogenes. TopHat2 is available at http://ccb.jhu.edu/software/tophat .