cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Influence of technological parameters on the pressure drop in the die of a single-screw extruder
Creators: name: Frolov, Dmitry I.
name: Yusupov, R.R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90802 Food Engineering
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: The influence of the operating conditions of the extruder (raw material moisture, die temperature, screw speed and mass flow rate) on the pressure drop in the die for wet raw materials was investigated. An EK-40 laboratory extruder and a slot die / rheometer combination were used to measure the pressure drop across the die. The pressure drop decreased with increasing humidity, screw speed, and die temperature, and increased with increasing mass flow. It was found that the temperature of the matrix is the most significant parameter affecting the pressure drop of the matrix.
Sequencing and characterisation of rearrangements in three S. pastorianus strains reveals the presence of chimeric genes and gives evidence of breakpoint reuse
Creators: name: Hewitt, Sarah K.
name: Donaldson, Ian
name: Lovell, Simon C.
name: Delneri, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Gross chromosomal rearrangements have the potential to be evolutionarily advantageous to an adapting organism. The generation of a hybrid species increases opportunity for recombination by bringing together two homologous genomes. We sought to define the location of genomic rearrangements in three strains of Saccharomyces pastorianus, a natural lager-brewing yeast hybrid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces eubayanus, using whole genome shotgun sequencing. Each strain of S. pastorianus has lost species-specific portions of its genome and has undergone extensive recombination, producing chimeric chromosomes. We predicted 30 breakpoints that we confirmed at the single nucleotide level by designing species-specific primers that flank each breakpoint, and then sequencing the PCR product. These rearrangements are the result of recombination between areas of homology between the two subgenomes, rather than repetitive elements such as transposons or tRNAs. Interestingly, 28/30 S. cerevisiae- S. eubayanus recombination breakpoints are located within genic regions, generating chimeric genes. Furthermore we show evidence for the reuse of two breakpoints, located in HSP82 and KEM1, in strains of proposed independent origin.
Effect of extrusion parameters on the physical properties of chickpea extrudates
Creators: name: Frolov, Dmitry I.
name: N. E. Kruchinina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90805 Food Processing
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This study evaluated the effect of extrusion processing on the specific mechanical energy and physical properties of chickpea extrudates (expansion coefficient, bulk density and hardness). The experimental data were processed using the response surface methodology with the following parameters: temperature at the exit from the die (120–150 °C), humidity (20–24 %), and screw rotation speed (260–340 rpm). The factors that most influenced product performance were die outlet temperature and feed moisture content, and the interactions between them. A significant correlation was found between hardness and bulk density (positive), hardness and expansion coefficient (negative), and bulk density and expansion coefficient (negative). The desired characteristics (high expansion, low bulk density and hardness) for the chickpea were obtained at a high die outlet temperature, relatively high humidity and a high screw speed.
Paucapalea. (1v) Numeri et litterae Romanorum et Graecorum. (2ra) [Paucapalea: Summa super decretum Gratiani]. (72vb) [Sermones de beata virgine: Text nicht ausgeführt]; [um 1200]
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2021

description: Entstehungsort: [Süddeutschland]. - Entstehungszeit: [um 1200]
Pitch- and spectral-based dynamic time warping methods for comparing field recordings of harmonic avian vocalizations
Creators: name: Meliza, C. Daniel
name: Keen, Sara C.
name: Rubenstein, Dustin Reid
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Sound

description: Quantitative measures of acoustic similarity can reveal patterns of shared vocal behavior in social species. Many methods for computing similarity have been developed, but their performance has not been extensively characterized in noisy environments and with vocalizations characterized by complex frequency modulations. This paper describes methods of bioacoustic comparison based on dynamic time warping (DTW) of the fundamental frequency or spectrogram. Fundamental frequency is estimated using a Bayesian particle filter adaptation of harmonic template matching. The methods were tested on field recordings of flight calls from superb starlings, Lamprotornis superbus, for how well they could separate distinct categories of call elements (motifs). The fundamental-frequency-based method performed best, but the spectrogram-based method was less sensitive to noise. Both DTW methods provided better separation of categories than spectrographic cross correlation, likely due to substantial variability in the duration of superb starling flight call motifs.
A Convergence Study of Multimaterial Mesh-based Surface Tracking
Creators: name: Da, Fang
name: Batty, Christopher
name: Grinspun, Eitan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Computer science

description: We report the results from experiments on the convergence of the multimaterial mesh-based surface tracking method introduced by the same authors. Under mesh refinement, approximately first order convergence or higher in L1 and L2 is shown for vertex positions, face normals and non-manifold junction curves in a number of scenarios involving the new operations proposed in the method.
Neural Network Aided Glitch-Burst Discrimination and Glitch Classification
Creators: name: Rampone, Salvatore
name: Pierro, Vincenzo
name: Troiano, Luigi
name: Pinto, Innocenzo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the potential of neural-network based classifiers for discriminating gravitational wave bursts (GWBs) of a given canonical family (e.g. core-collapse supernova waveforms) from typical transient instrumental artifacts (glitches), in the data of a single detector. The further classification of glitches into typical sets is explored.In order to provide a proof of concept,we use the core-collapse supernova waveform catalog produced by H. Dimmelmeier and co-Workers, and the data base of glitches observed in laser interferometer gravitational wave observatory (LIGO) data maintained by P. Saulson and co-Workers to construct datasets of (windowed) transient waveforms (glitches and bursts) in additive (Gaussian and compound-Gaussian) noise with different signal-tonoise ratios (SNR). Principal component analysis (PCA) is next implemented for reducing data dimensionality, yielding results consistent with, and extending those in the literature. Then, a multilayer perceptron is trained by a backpropagation algorithm (MLP-BP) on a data subset, and used to classify the transients as glitch or burst. A Self-Organizing Map (SOM) architecture is finally used to classify the glitches. The glitch/burst discrimination and glitch classification abilities are gauged in terms of the related truth tables. Preliminary results suggest that the approach is effective and robust throughout the SNR range of practical interest. Perspective applications pertain both to distributed (network, multisensor) detection of GWBs, where someintelligenceat the single node level can be introduced, and instrument diagnostics/optimization, where spurious transients can be identified, classified and hopefully traced back to their entry points
Supermassive black hole mergers as dual sources for electromagnetic flares in the jet emission and gravitational waves
Creators: name: Tápai, M.
name: Gergely, L. Á.
name: Keresztes, Z.
name: Wiita, P. J.
name: Gopal-Krishna
name: Biermann, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new type of observation relating the gravitational wave emission of supermassive black hole mergers to their electromagnetic counterparts. This dual emission involves variability of a relativistic jet arising from the spin-orbit precession of the supermassive black hole binary at its base.
description: to appear in Astronomical Notes (Astronomische Nachrichten), issue 9, 2013
title: Faire face à une clientèle avec un projet suicidaire dans un contexte législatif favorable au suicide assisté
title: enquête narrative auprès d'ergothérapeutes de Suisse romande
titleType: Subtitle
title: Faire face à une clientèle avec un projet suicidaire dans un contexte législatif favorable au suicide assisté
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ryckx, Marion
name: Würsch, Tristan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Ergothérapeute
subject: Valeurs
subject: Suicide assisté
subject: Enquête narrative
subject: Suisse

description: Contexte : En Suisse, l’assistance au suicide est autorisée si elle ne répond pas à des motifs égoïstes. Plusieurs témoignages informels indiquent que des discussions entre les ergothérapeutes et leur clientèle autour de ce thème existent. Il s’agit d’un sujet complexe, qui divise les professionnel∙les de la santé quant à l’étendue de leur prise en charge. En ergothérapie, il n’existe aucune prise de position officielle à ce sujet, et très peu d’écrits, malgré les récentes discussions autour des occupations déviantes. But : Relater les expériences des ergothérapeutes quand un∙e client∙e aborde le sujet du suicide et explorer leur compréhension de leur posture professionnelle dans les situations d’assistance au suicide. Méthode : Cette étude exploratoire a été réalisée auprès de six ergothérapeutes de Suisse romande. Les données qualitatives ont été construites lors d’entretiens individuels semi- dirigés. La production de récits a été réalisée suite à une analyse narrative. Résultats : Bien que les six récits témoignent de contextes spécifiques, le conflit existant entre la pratique centrée sur le client et le devoir d’aide a été soulevé dans tous les récits. De plus, les participantes soulignent le manque de discussions autour de ce sujet et le fait de devoir se former seule au fil des situations rencontrées. Conclusion : Cette étude partage les expériences d’ergothérapeutes de Suisse romande et contribue à amorcer une réflexion sur les possibilités d’action auprès de personnes qui ont le projet de se suicider [résumé des auteurs]
Effect of extrusion parameters on the physical properties of chickpea extrudates
Creators: name: Frolov, Dmitry I.
name: Kruchinina, N.E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90805 Food Processing
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This study evaluated the effect of extrusion processing on the specific mechanical energy and physical properties of chickpea extrudates (expansion coefficient, bulk density and hardness). The experimental data were processed using the response surface methodology with the following parameters: temperature at the exit from the die (120–150 °C), humidity (20–24 %), and screw rotation speed (260–340 rpm). The factors that most influenced product performance were die outlet temperature and feed moisture content, and the interactions between them. A significant correlation was found between hardness and bulk density (positive), hardness and expansion coefficient (negative), and bulk density and expansion coefficient (negative). The desired characteristics (high expansion, low bulk density and hardness) for the chickpea were obtained at a high die outlet temperature, relatively high humidity and a high screw speed.
Teaching Microarchitecture through Metaphors
Creators: name: Eum, Julianna
name: Sethumadhavan, Simha
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Computer science

description: Students traditionally learn microarchitecture by studying textual descriptions with diagrams but few analogies. Several popular textbooks on this topic introduce concepts such as pipelining and caching in the context of simple paper-only architectures. While this instructional style allows important concepts to be covered within a given class period, students have difficulty bridging the gap between what is covered in classes and real-world implementations. Discussing concrete implementations and complications would, however, take too much time. In this paper, we propose a technique of representing microarchitecture building blocks with animated metaphors to accelerate the process of learning about complex microarchitectures. We represent hardware implementations as road networks that include specific patterns of traffic flow found in microarchitectural behavior. Our experiences indicate an 83% improvement to understanding memory system microarchitecture. We believe the mental models developed by these students will serve them in remembering microarchitectural behavior and extend to learning new microarchitectures more easily.
Energy Exchanges: Internal Power Oversight for Applications
Creators: name: Kambadur, Melanie Rae
name: Kim, Martha Allen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper introduces energy exchanges, a set of abstractions that allow applications to help hardware and operating systems manage power and energy consumption. Using annotations, energy exchanges dictate when, where, and how to trade performance or accuracy for power in ways that only an application's developer can decide. In particular, the abstractions offer audits and budgets which watch and cap the power or energy of some piece of the application. The interface also exposes energy and power usage reports which an application may use to change its behavior. Such information complements existing system-wide energy management by operating systems or hardware, which provide global fairness and protections, but are unaware of the internal dynamics of an application. Energy exchanges are implemented as a user-level C++ library. The library employs an accounting technique to attribute shares of system-wide energy consumption (provided by system-wide hardware energy meters available on newer hardware platforms) to individual application threads. With these per-thread meters and careful tracking of an application's activity, the library exposes energy and power usage for program regions of interest via the energy exchange abstractions with negligible runtime or power overhead. We use the library to demonstrate three applications of energy exchanges: (1) the prioritization of a mobile game's energy use over third-party advertisements, (2) dynamic adaptations of the framerate of a video tracking benchmark that maximize performance and accuracy within the confines of a given energy allotment, and (3) the triggering of computational sprints and corresponding cooldowns, based on time, system TDP, and power consumption.
Design and Implementation of Wireless Energy Meter System for Monitoring the Single Phase Supply
Creators: name: U., Prashanth B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wireless energy meter is a system developed to serve as a basic single-phase energy meter with advanced functionalities such as Peak hour setting, Peak load setting Wireless reading transmission; further the system eliminates the role of a Meter Reader.
description: 4 pages, 10 figures, journal
Weak Coupling BCS-like Superconductivity in the Pnictide Oxide Ba$_{1-x}$Na$_x$Ti$_2$Sb$_2$O (x=0 and 0.15)
Creators: name: Gooch, Melissa
name: Doan, Phuong
name: Tang, Zhongjia
name: Lorenz, Bernd
name: Guloy, Arnold M.
name: Chu, Paul. C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of low-temperature heat capacity measurements of the pnictide oxide superconductor BaTi$_2$Sb$_2$O doped with sodium. The temperature and field dependent heat capacity data are well described by a single-gap BCS theory. The estimated values for the normal state Sommerfeld constant, the heat capacity jump at $T_c$, and the electron-phonon coupling constant are in favor of a conventional weak coupling superconductivity mediated by electron-phonon interaction. The results are discussed with regard to and compared with recent first principle calculations.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Physical Review B
Enhancing Security by Diversifying Instruction Sets
Creators: name: Kemerlis, Vasileios
name: Sinha, Kanad
name: Pappas, Vasileios
name: Sethumadhavan, Simha
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Computer science

description: Despite the variety of choices regarding hardware and software, to date a large number of computer systems remain identical. Characteristic examples of this trend are Windows on x86 and Android on ARM. This homogeneity, sometimes referred to as â€œcomputing oligoculture", provides a fertile ground for malware in the highly networked world of today. One way to counter this problem is to diversify systems so that attackers cannot quickly and easily compromise a large number of machines. For instance, if each system has a different ISA, the attacker has to invest more time in developing exploits that run on every system manifestation. It is not that each individual attack gets harder, but the spread of malware slows down. Further, if the diversified ISA is kept secret from the attacker, the bar for exploitation is raised even higher. In this paper, we show that system diversification can be realized by enabling diversity at the lowest hardware/software interface, the ISA, with almost zero performance overhead. We also describe how prac- tical development and deployment problems of diversified systems can be handled easily in the context of popular software distrbution models, such as the mobile app store model. We demonstrate our proposal with an OpenSPARC FPGA prototype.
Cooperative effects in one-dimensional random atomic gases: Absence of single atom limit
Creators: name: Akkermans, E.
name: Gero, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study superradiance in a one-dimensional geometry, where N>>1 atoms are randomly distributed along a line. We present an analytic calculation of the photon escape rates based on the diagonalization of the N x N coupling matrix Uij = cos xij, where xij is the dimensionless random distance between any two atoms. We show that unlike a three-dimensional geometry, for a one- dimensional atomic gas the single-atom limit is never reached and the photon is always localized within the atomic ensemble. This localization originates from long-range cooperative effects and not from disorder as expected on the basis of the theory of Anderson localization.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Developmental Education Aligned to the Common Core State Standards: Insights and Illustrations
Creators: name: Barnett, Elisabeth
name: Cormier, Maria Scott
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: The Common Core State Standards (CCSS), implemented in 44 states and the District of Columbia, are pegged to a set of college and career readiness standards, creating a potential opportunity to improve the alignment between the secondary and postsecondary sectors. In the current exploratory study, the authors draw on interview data to examine whether faculty and college leaders are considering or undertaking reforms of developmental education informed by the CCSS. The study reveals a spectrum of awareness about, and interest in, incorporating the CCSS into developmental education. The authors identify some states and localities that were taking the CCSS into account when developing or changing their developmental education curricula. In some states, this was done widely due to state policy requirements; in other settings, this work has been driven by individual faculty interests and concerns. However, interviewees indicated that most college stakeholders do not know about the CCSS or believe that the standards have implications for postsecondary practice.
Spin filtering in nanowire directional coupler
Creators: name: Dias, M. Rebello Sousa
name: Lopez-Richard, V.
name: Marques, G. E.
name: Ulloa, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin transport characteristics of a nanowire directional electronic coupler have been evaluated theoretically via a transfer matrix approach. The application of a gate field in the region of mixing allows for control of spin current through the different leads of the coupler via the Rashba spin-orbit interaction. The combination of spin-orbit interaction and applied gate voltages on different legs of the coupler give rise to a controllable modulation of the spin polarization. Both structural factors and field strength tuning lead to a rich phenomenology that could be exploited in spintronic devices.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
title: Sequentiae et hymni cum expositione; 1456 und 1459
title: (1r) [Federproben]. (1v) [Inhaltsverzeichnis von der Hand Urban Klugkheimers]. (2r) Sequentiae et hymni cum Jacobi de Fladnitz declaratione. (253r) Hymnus de sancta Catharina. (134r) ungeordnetes Einzelblatt vor fol. 255 mit Schemazeichnungen zum Arbor consanguinitatis et arbor affinitatis. (255r) Declarationes arborum consanguinitatis et affinitatis
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2021

description: Entstehungsort: Wien. - Entstehungszeit: 1456 u. 1459
title: Appendix: "Study Abroad and Experiential Learning"
Creators: name: Bell, Steve
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The Institute of International Education reported on November 17, 2014, that 289,408 U.S. university students studied abroad for academic credit in academic year 2012-2013, the year preceding Dr. Finley-Croswhite’s spring 2014 ODU “Paris/Auschwitz” Study Abroad course/program. 2012-2013 Study Abroad enrollments are a 2.1% increase over the previous academic year, and they are expected to rise in the coming years. Study Abroad enrollments have more than tripled over the past two decades; nevertheless, only 1.5% of U.S. university students studied abroad in 2012-2013. Thus, the ODU students who participated in the 2014 “Paris/Auschwitz” course/program – and all U.S. university students who study abroad – are very much the exception.
Dwarf spheroidal satellites of M31: I. Variable stars and stellar populations in Andromeda XIX
Creators: name: Cusano, Felice
name: Clementini, Gisella
name: Garofalo, Alessia
name: Cignoni, Michele
name: Federici, Luciana
name: Marconi, Marcella
name: Musella, Ilaria
name: Ripepi, Vincenzo
name: Boutsia, Konstantina
name: Fumana, Marco
name: Gallozzi, Stefano
name: Testa, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present B,V time-series photometry of Andromeda XIX (And XIX), the most extended (half-light radius of 6.2') of Andromeda's dwarf spheroidal companions, that we observed with the Large Binocular Cameras at the Large Binocular Telescope. We surveyed a 23'x 23' area centered on And XIX and present the deepest color magnitude diagram (CMD) ever obtained for this galaxy, reaching, at V~26.3 mag, about one magnitude below the horizontal branch (HB). The CMD shows a prominent and slightly widened red giant branch, along with a predominantly red HB, which, however, extends to the blue to significantly populate the classical instability strip. We have identified 39 pulsating variable stars, of which 31 are of RR Lyrae type and 8 are Anomalous Cepheids (ACs). Twelve of the RR Lyrae variables and 3 of the ACs are located within And XIX's half light radius. The average period of the fundamental mode RR Lyrae stars ( = 0.62 d, σ= 0.03 d) and the period-amplitude diagram qualify And XIX as an Oosterhoff-Intermediate system. From the average luminosity of the RR Lyrae stars ( = 25.34 mag, σ= 0.10 mag) we determine a distance modulus of (m-M)$_0$=$24.52\pm0.23$ mag in a scale where the distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is $18.5\pm0.1$ mag. The ACs follow a well defined Period-Wesenheit (PW) relation that appears to be in very good agreement with the PW relationship defined by the ACs in the LMC.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
Analysis of the influence of the temperature of the matrix and moisture content of the raw material on the torque of the extruder motor
Creators: name: Frolov, Dmitry I.
name: M. V. Dolgov
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90802 Food Engineering
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: The article discusses the influence of the moisture content of raw materials and the temperature of the extruder die on the engine torque and specific mechanical energy. An EK-40 laboratory extruder and a slot die / rheometer combination were used to measure the torque. The torque decreased with increasing humidity and temperature of the die. It was found that the temperature of the matrix is the most significant parameter affecting the torque and specific mechanical energy.
Practices and strategies that can improve audits of internal controls by an external auditor
Creators: name: Lee, Clarisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 350199
subject: Accounting, auditing and accountability not elsewhere classified

description: This project explored auditors' best practices and strategies for conducting internal control audits to comply with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. It sought to solve the problem that auditors were not detecting internal control weaknesses and did not understand internal controls enough to provide a quality audit opinion. The information gathered during research and interviews of participants included how current professionals successfully conduct their audits and how they have learned through trial and error to master their audits.
Nanomechanical resonant structures in single-crystal diamond
Creators: name: Burek, Michael J.
name: Ramos, Daniel
name: Patel, Parth
name: Frank, Ian W.
name: Lončar, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With its host of outstanding material properties, single-crystal diamond is an attractive material for nanomechanical systems. Here, the mechanical resonance characteristics of freestanding, single-crystal diamond nanobeams fabricated by an angled-etching methodology are reported. Resonance frequencies displayed evidence of significant compressive stress in doubly clamped diamond nanobeams, while cantilever resonance modes followed the expected inverse-length-squared trend. Q-factors on the order of 104 were recorded in high vacuum. Results presented here represent initial groundwork for future diamond-based nanomechanical systems which may be applied in both classical and quantum applications.
Directly compressible hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) to support continuous manufacturing
Creators: name: Allenspach, Carl
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: This work was undertaken to evaluate a novel hydroxypropyl methylcellulose excipient used in the manufacture of hydrophilic matrix tablets for oral controlled release. This material was coprocessed with a small amount of silicon dioxide to provide improvements over the standard material and was shown to have better flow, compactability and less triboelectric charging demonstrating an improved performance in a loss-in-weight feeder. As a result, this material is preferred for use in continuous manufacturing via direct compression which would be problematic for the standard grade. Finally, a methodology was developed to calibrate the material properties for a computer simulation of the loss-in-weight feeder using the discrete element method which was shown to have good correlation with the experimental results.
Surveillance of quarantine long-horned beetles in the EU - EC WG on Plant Health Surveillance, 21 May 2021
Creators: name: Vos, Sybren
name: Mattion, Giulia
name: Graziosi, Ignazio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: European Commision
Quarantine pests
Priority pests
Regulation
EFSA Plant Pest Survey Toolkit
Anoplophora chinensis
Anoplophora glabripennis

description: Presentation of the surveillance of quarantine long-horned beetles in the EU - European Commission Working Group on Plant Health Surveillance on 21 May 2021. 
description: EU; PDF; plants@efsa.europa.eu
Emergency Department Visits for Heat Stroke in the United States, 2009 and 2010
Creators: name: Wu, Xian
name: Brady, Joanne E.
name: Rosenberg, Henry
name: Li, Guohua
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Epidemiology
Public health

description: Background: The effect of extreme heat on health has become a growing public health concern due to climate change. We aimed to examine the epidemiological patterns of hospital-based emergency department (ED) visits for heat stroke in the United States. Findings: We analyzed data from the 2009 and 2010 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, the largest ED data system sponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. ED visits for heat stroke were identified by screening the recorded diagnoses using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code 992.0. Annual incidence rates of ED visits for heat stroke were computed according to demographic characteristics and geographic regions. In 2009 and 2010, there were an estimated 8,251 ED visits for heat stroke in the United States, yielding an annual incidence rate of 1.34 visits per 100,000 population (95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.23-1.45). Significantly higher incidence rates were found in males (1.99 per 100,000; 95% CI = 1.82-2.16), adults aged ≥ 80 years (4.45 per 100,000; 95% CI = 3.73-5.18), and residents living in the southern region (1.61 per 100,000; 95% CI = 1.43-1.79). The majority (63.1%) of ED visits for heat stroke occurred during the summer months of June, July and August. Over one-half (54.6%) of the ED visits for heat stroke required hospitalization and 3.5% of the patients died in the ED or hospital. Conclusions: Heat stroke results in approximately 4,100 ED visits each year in the United States, with the majority occurring in the summer months and requiring admission to the hospital. Men, the elderly, and people living in the south region are at heightened risk.
Part-scale thermal and thermomechanical finite element modeling, and model validation framework for the laser powder bed fusion process
Creators: name: Olleak, Alaaeldin
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: Quality and reliability of additively manufactured (AM) parts using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) process are greatly affected by the thermal history during the manufacturing process. Prediction of thermal history, residual stresses, and distortions of a part during the LPBF process is critical to understand how the process parameters influence the process stability and mechanical properties of the part. Finite element modeling of the LPBF process at part-scale is challenging and requires massive computational time and resources. These models are computationally infeasible if they are not associated with simplifications in the mesh configuration and the heat source model, or with the reduced domain size. Due to the complexity of the computational model itself, uncertainties during the LPBF process are not systematically studied, and their effects on quality and reliability of the parts are not characterized. The dissertation overcomes the computational expensiveness associated with modeling of the LPBF process on a part-scale level. It presents the use of different adaptive remeshing techniques that enable the thermal and thermomechanical simulations at the part-scale level without the sacrifice in accuracy. As a result, part-scale thermal and thermomechanical finite element modeling are computationally feasible. This is the first work where an adaptive remeshing framework was developed for the LPBF process, based on an existing general-purpose implicit solver and the tetrahedral mesh. In particular, the tetrahedral mesh can represent parts with complex structures using less elements than the existing remeshing technique. The thermal process modeling presents models for relatively large parts considering different process parameters, and the models can predict location-dependent melt pool size and the lack-of-fusion porosity. The thermomechanical process modeling predicts the thermally induced residual stresses, strains, and distortions for different parts. The model predictions find similar trends with the experimental results from the literature along with achieving a significant reduction in the computational time compared to the state-of-the-art models without using the adaptive remeshing. Furthermore, a general calibration and validation framework for the LPBF process was developed based on multi-fidelity models and limited experimental data. The framework enables the development of highly efficient and accurate models for melt pool predictions under various sets of process parameters through the seamless integration of finite element modeling, machine learning methods, and the model calibration and validation methods. Effectiveness of the framework is demonstrated by experimental data under different sets of process parameters available in the literature.
The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2020)
Creators: name: Health, The
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2020

description: Guiding Principles to Inform Future Exercise Protocols for Eating Disorder Treatment...3-15 National Classification of Diet and Exercise Behaviours: How Healthy are Canadian Men?...16-29 Investigating the Factors that Affect Osteoporosis in an Aging Population...30-36 Intrauterine Contraception and Athletic Performance...37-45 Strength and Aerobic Exercise for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis Symptoms...46-50
Characterization of the low temperature properties of a simplified protein model
Creators: name: Hagmann, Johannes-Geert
name: Nakagawa, Naoko
name: Peyrard, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prompted by results that showed that a simple protein model, the frustrated Gō model, appears to exhibit a transition reminiscent of the protein dynamical transition, we examine the validity of this model to describe the low-temperature properties of proteins. First, we examine equilibrium fluctuations. We calculate its incoherent neutron-scattering structure factor and show that it can be well described by a theory using the one-phonon approximation. By performing an inherent structure analysis, we assess the transitions among energy states at low temperatures. Then, we examine non-equilibrium fluctuations after a sudden cooling of the protein. We investigate the violation of the fluctuation--dissipation theorem in order to analyze the protein glass transition. We find that the effective temperature of the quenched protein deviates from the temperature of the thermostat, however it relaxes towards the actual temperature with an Arrhenius behavior as the waiting time increases. These results of the equilibrium and non-equilibrium studies converge to the conclusion that the apparent dynamical transition of this coarse-grained model cannot be attributed to a glassy behavior.
Optomechanical effect on the Dicke quantum phase transition and quasi-particle damping in a Bose-Einstein Condensate: A new tool to measure weak force
Creators: name: Aggarwal, Neha
name: Bhattacherjee, Aranya B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make a semi-classical steady state analysis of the influence of mirror motion on the quantum phase transition for an optomechanical Dicke model in the thermodynamic limit. An additional external mechanical pump is shown to modify the critical value of atom-photon coupling needed to observe the quantum phase transition. We further show how to choose the mechanical pump frequency and cavity-laser detuning to produce extremely cold condensates. The present system can be used as a quantum device to measure weak forces.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Modern Optics
Role of magnetic chirality in polarization flip upon commensurate-incommensurate magnetic phase transition in YMn$_{2}$O$_{5}$
Creators: name: Wakimoto, S.
name: Kimura, H.
name: Sakamoto, Y.
name: Fukunaga, M.
name: Noda, Y.
name: Takeda, M.
name: Kakurai, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed simultaneous measurements of magnetic chirality by using polarized neutrons and electric polarization along the b-axis of single crystals of YMn$^{4+}$(Mn$_{1-x}$Ga$_{x}$)$^{3+}$O$_{5}$ with $x=0.047$ and 0.12, in which nonmagnetic Ga-ions dilute Mn$^{3+}$ spins. The $x=0.047$ sample exhibits high-temperature incommensurate (HT-ICM), commensurate (CM), and low-temperature incommensurate (LT-ICM) magnetic phases in order of decreasing temperature, whereas the $x=0.12$ sample exhibits only HT-ICM and LT-ICM phases. Here, the CM and LT-ICM phases are ferroelectric and weak-ferroelectric, respectively. Measurements conducted under zero field heating after various field-cooling conditions evidence that the microscopic mechanisms of the spin-driven ferroelectricity in the CM and LT-ICM phases are different: the magnetic chirality of Mn$^{4+}$ cycloidal spins plays a dominant role in the LT-ICM phase, whereas the magnetic exchange striction by the Mn$^{4+}$-Mn$^{3+}$ chain plays a dominant role in the CM phase. The polarization of YMn$_{2}$O$_{5}$ flips upon CM to LT-ICM phase transition because the ferroelectricity driven by the magnetic chirality and the exchange striction provides opposite directions of polarization.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Extensive [CI] Mapping toward the Orion-A Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Shimajiri, Yoshito
name: Sakai, Takeshi
name: Tsukagoshi, Takashi
name: Kitamura, Yoshimi
name: Momose, Munetake
name: Saito, Masao
name: Oshima, Tai
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Kawabe, Ryohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out wide-field (0.17 degree^2) and high-angular resolution (21.3 arcsec ~ 0.04 pc) observations in [CI] line toward the Orion-A giant molecular cloud with the Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment (ASTE) 10 m telescope in the On-The-Fly (OTF) mode. Overall features of the [CI] emission are similar to those of the CO (1--0) emission in Shimajiri et al. (2011); the total intensity ratio of the [CI] to CO emission ranges from 0.05 to 0.2. The optical depth of the [CI] emission is found to be 0.1 -- 0.75, suggesting optically thin emission. The column density of the [CI] emission is estimated to be (1.0 -- 19) x 10^17 cm^-2. These results are consistent with the results of the previous [CI] observations with a low-angular resolution of 2.2 arcmin (e.g. Ikeda et al. 1999). In the nearly edge-on PDRs and their candidates of the Orion Bar, DLSF, M 43 Shell, and Region D, the distributions of the [CI] emission coincide with those of the CO emission, inconsistent with the prediction by the plane-parallel PDR model (Hollenbach & Tielens 1999). In addition, the [CI] distribution in the Orion A cloud is found to be more similar to those of the ^{13}CO (1--0), C^{18}O (1--0), and H^{13}CO^+ (1--0) lines than that of the CO (1--0) line, suggesting that the [CI] emission is not limited to the cloud surface, but is tracing the dense, inner parts of the cloud.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, ApJL accepted for publication
Energetics of single active diffusion trajectories
Creators: name: Shinkai, Soya
name: Togashi, Yuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The fundamental insight into Brownian motion by Einstein is that all substances exhibit continual fluctuations due to thermal agitation balancing with the frictional resistance. However, even at thermal equilibrium, biological activity can give rise to non-equilibrium fluctuations that cause ``active diffusion" in living cells. Because of the non-stationary and non-equilibrium nature of such fluctuations, mean square displacement analysis, relevant only to a steady state ensemble, may not be the most suitable choice as it depends on the choice of the ensemble; hence, a new analytical method for describing active diffusion is desired. Here we discuss the stochastic energetics of a thermally fluctuating single active diffusion trajectory driven by non-thermal random forces. Heat dissipation, usually difficult to measure, can be estimated from the active diffusion trajectory; guidelines on the analysis such as criteria for the time resolution and driving force intensity are shown by a statistical test. This leads to the concept of an ``instantaneous diffusion coefficient" connected to heat dissipation that may be used to analyse the activity and molecular transport mechanisms of living systems.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Intrauterine Contraception and Athletic Performance
Creators: name: Henderson, Zachariah
name: Scribbans, Trisha
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2020

description: Background: Oral contraceptives (OCs) represent the most popular form of female contraception among the general and athletic populations. In female athletes, OCs are often used therapeutically to treat dysmenorrhea, which is perceived by many to affect training and performance. Recently, copper intrauterine devices (IUDs) and hormonal intrauterine systems (IUSs) have increased in popularity, and are now recommended by the Canadian Paediatric Society as a first-choice contraceptive. IUDs, however, present no therapeutic benefits with respect to dysmenorrhea, and may increase physical side effects associated with the menstrual cycle. Alternatively, IUSs have therapeutic application for dysmenorrhea, and therefore may present an option for athletes looking to reduce menstrual cycle symptoms. Purpose: To review the effects of IUDs and IUSs on exercise and athletic performance. Methods: Databases were searched using MeSH terms and key words in Boolean combinations. Studies were included if they 1) used a validated assessment of exercise performance (i.e., V02 max test, 1-repetition maximum, time to exhaustion), 2) included human participants who were moderately to very physically active (as assessed by a validated tool), and 3) used any copper IUD or hormonal IUS. Results: 245 titles were returned from the literature review; however, no studies met the inclusion criteria. Conclusion: The review returned limited relevant literature, and therefore, focuses on the theoretical bases of why IUDs and IUSs should be examined in the context of exercise and athletic performance. The need for future, experimental data exploring the effects of IUDs and IUSs on exercise and athletic performance is highlighted.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2020)
Climate-mediated cooperation promotes niche expansion in burying beetles
Creators: name: Sun, Syuan-Jyun
name: Rubenstein, Dustin Reid
name: Chen, Bo-Fei
name: Chan, Shih-Fan
name: Liu, Jian-Nan
name: Liu, Mark
name: Hwang, Wenbe
name: Yang, Ping-Shih
name: Shen, Sheng-Feng
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Climatic changes

description: The ability to form cooperative societies may explain why humans and social insects have come to dominate the earth. Here we examine the ecological consequences of cooperation by quantifying the fitness of cooperative (large groups) and non-cooperative (small groups) phenotypes in burying beetles (Nicrophorus nepalensis) along an elevational and temperature gradient. We experimentally created large and small groups along the gradient and manipulated interspecific competition with flies by heating carcasses. We show that cooperative groups performed as thermal generalists with similarly high breeding success at all temperatures and elevations, whereas non-cooperative groups performed as thermal specialists with higher breeding success only at intermediate temperatures and elevations. Studying the ecological consequences of cooperation may not only help us to understand why so many species of social insects have conquered the earth, but also to determine how climate change will affect the success of these and other social species, including our own.
National Classification of Diet and Exercise Behaviours: How Healthy are Canadian Men?
Creators: name: Kasabwala, Khushabu
name: Flannigan, Ryan
name: Punjani, Nahid
name: Black, Nick
name: Goldenberg, S. Larry
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2020

description: Introduction: Unhealthy behaviours, including poor diet and lack of physical inactivity, are risk factors for premature mortality in men worldwide. Identifying disparities and inequalities regarding these habits in Canadian men may allow for targeted interventions to promote wellness. Our objective was to evaluate a representative sample of the Canadian men to determine current diet and exercise health behaviours and identify predictors of unhealthy habits. Methods: A total of 5,362 men and women were asked to complete an online survey men’s health. Using a stratification algorithm, 2000 male survey participants which represented the population distribution of Canadian provinces were included in this study. Their diet and exercise behaviours were classified based upon pre-determined thresholds. Results: In this national survey of Canadian men, 48.9% did not meet the recommended 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week and 61.8% were classified as having an unhealthy diet. Multivariable analysis identified age (OR 1.01, p=0.001), inability to work (OR 2.10, p=0.022), income less than $100,000 (OR 1.42-2.20) as significant predictors of unhealthy exercise behavior. Living with parents (OR 1.58, p=0.033), living with a partner and children (OR 1.43, p=0.010), and living with relatives (OR 2.32, p=0.042) were significant predictors of unhealthy eating. Conclusion: This study suggests that many Canadian men do not meet minimal requirements for healthy exercise diet. Given most men are pre-contemplative and contemplative about change, interventions to improve these health behaviours should be directed at health education, awareness, and tools for change. Addressing these behaviours may prevent future morbidity and mortality.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2020)