cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Entanglement scaling and charge fluctuations in a Fermi liquid of composite fermions
Creators: name: Voinea, Cristian
name: Pu, Songyang
name: Balram, Ajit C.
name: Papić, Zlatko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The composite fermion Fermi liquid (CFL) state at $ν=1/2$ filling of a Landau level is a paradigmatic non-Fermi liquid borne out purely by Coulomb interactions. But in what ways is this exotic state of matter different from a Fermi liquid? The CFL entanglement entropy was indeed found to exhibit a significant enhancement compared to free electrons [Shao et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 206402 (2015)], which was subsequently ruled out as a finite-size effect by the study of a lattice CFL analog [Mishmash and Motrunich, Phys. Rev. B 94, 081110 (2016)]. Moreover, the enhancement was not observed in a quasi-one-dimensional limit of the Coulomb ground state at $ν=1/2$ [Geraedts et al., Science 352, 197 (2016)]. Here, we revisit the problem of entanglement scaling in the CFL state realized in a two-dimensional electron gas. Using Monte Carlo evaluation of the second Rényi entropy $S_2$ for the CFL variational wave function, we show that the entanglement enhancement is present not only at $ν=1/2$ but also at $ν=1/4$, as well as in bosonic CFL states at $ν=1$ and $ν=1/3$ fillings. In all cases, we find the scaling of $S_2$ with subsystem size to be enhanced compared to the non-interacting case, and insensitive to the choice of geometry and projection to the lowest Landau level. We also demonstrate that, for CFL states, the variance of the particle number in a subsystem obeys area-law scaling with a universal subleading corner contribution, in stark contrast with free fermions. Our results establish the enhanced entanglement scaling and suppressed charge fluctuations as fingerprints of non-Fermi-liquid correlations in CFL states.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures; changed format, added data
NNLO Global Analysis of Polarized Parton Distribution Functions
Creators: name: Borsa, Ignacio
name: de Florian, Daniel
name: Sassot, Rodolfo
name: Stratmann, Marco
name: Vogelsang, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) global QCD analysis of the proton's helicity parton distribution functions (PDFs), the first of its kind. To obtain the distributions, we use data for longitudinal spin asymmetries in inclusive and semi-inclusive lepton-nucleon scattering as well as in weak-boson and hadron or jet production in proton-proton scattering. We analyze the data using QCD perturbation theory at NNLO accuracy, employing approximations provided by the threshold resummation formalism in cases where full NNLO results for partonic hard-scattering functions are not readily available. Our numerical results suggest a remarkable perturbative stability of the extracted helicity PDFs.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures; v3: published version, added link to PDFs repository
Estratégias de aprendizagem na inclusão de alunos com deficiência visual no desenvolvimento cognitivo da matemática
Learning strategies in the inclusion of students with visual impairment in the cognitive development of mathematics
Creators: name: Barroqueiro, Carlos H.
name: Barroqueiro, Márcia E. S.
name: Dias, Rosa A.
Publisher: name: Escola Superior de Educação de Paula Frassinetti - CIPAF
Year: 2017
Subjects: Estratégia de Aprendizagem; Aluno Deficiência Visual; Resolução e Formulação de Problemas Matemáticos; Criatividade Matemática; Desafio Matemático

description: Resumo: Os alunos têm grandes dificuldades em aprender a Matemática em todos os níveis. Fica muito claro ao se observar os resultados alcançados no Programme for International Student Assessment (66º Brasil e 29º Portugal em 70 países); avalia estudantes de 15 anos. Os alunos com Deficiência Visual apresentam também impedimentos na resolução e formulação de problemas matemáticos, como os alunos “regulares”, além de existir complexidade por terem as aulas expositivas. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é desenvolver uma nova estratégia de aprendizagem com uso do tato para que os pesquisados possam formular problemas e resolvê-los de forma criativa. Os alunos desta pesquisa encontram-se no 2º e 4º anos, incluindo estudantes com baixa visão. Os resultados iniciais foram satisfatórios e animadores, a ponto de se justificar o aprofundamento desta investigação.

Abstract: The students have great difficulty in learning mathematics at all levels. It is very clear when observing the results achieved in the Program for International Student Assessment (66º Brazil and 29º Portugal in 70 countries); evaluates 15-year-old students. The students with Visual Impairment also have difficulties in solving and formulating mathematical problems, such as "regular" students, in addition to being complex because they have visual classrooms. The aim of this research is to develop a new learning strategy with the use of touch has developed so that students can formulate problems and solve them in a creative way. The students of this research are

in the 2nd and 4th years, including students with low vision. The initial results were satisfactory and encouraging, to the extent of justifying the further investigation.

Keywords: Learning strategy. Student Visual Impairment. Mathematical Problem Posing and Solving. Mathematical Creativity. Mathematical Challenge.
description: Saber & Educar, n. 23 (2017): Contornos da EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA na perspetiva da lei e das respostas educativas
Higher-Dimensional Unified Theories with Fuzzy Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Chatzistavrakidis, Athanasios
name: Zoupanos, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theories defined in higher than four dimensions have been used in various frameworks and have a long and interesting history. Here we review certain attempts, developed over the last years, towards the construction of unified particle physics models in the context of higher-dimensional gauge theories with non-commutative extra dimensions. These ideas have been developed in two complementary ways, namely (i) starting with a higher-dimensional gauge theory and dimensionally reducing it to four dimensions over fuzzy internal spaces and (ii) starting with a four-dimensional, renormalizable gauge theory and dynamically generating fuzzy extra dimensions. We describe the above approaches and moreover we discuss the inclusion of fermions and the construction of realistic chiral theories in this context.
Historical Ink: 19th Century Latin American Spanish Newspaper Corpus with LLM OCR Correction
Creators: name: Manrique-Gómez, Laura
name: Montes, Tony
name: Rodríguez-Herrera, Arturo
name: Manrique, Rubén
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: This paper presents two significant contributions: First, it introduces a novel dataset of 19th-century Latin American newspaper texts, addressing a critical gap in specialized corpora for historical and linguistic analysis in this region. Second, it develops a flexible framework that utilizes a Large Language Model for OCR error correction and linguistic surface form detection in digitized corpora. This semi-automated framework is adaptable to various contexts and datasets and is applied to the newly created dataset.
Geometric phase and multipartite entanglement of Rydberg atom chains
Creators: name: Wang, Chang-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the behavior of geometric phase (GP) and geometric entanglement (GE), a multipartite entanglement measure, across quantum phase transitions in Rydberg atom chains. Using density matrix renormalization group calculations and finite-size scaling analysis, we characterize the critical properties of transitions between disordered and ordered phases. Both quantities exhibit characteristic scaling near transition points, with the disorder to $Z_2$ ordered phase transition showing behavior consistent with the Ising universality class, while the disorder to $Z_3$ phase transition displays distinct critical properties. We demonstrate that GP and GE serve as sensitive probes of quantum criticality, providing consistent critical parameters and scaling behavior. A unifying description of these geometric quantities from a quantum geometry perspective is explored, and an interferometric setup for their potential measurement is discussed. Our results provide insights into the interplay between geometric phase and multipartite entanglement near quantum phase transitions in Rydberg atom systems, revealing how these quantities reflect the underlying critical behavior in these complex quantum many-body systems.
The Primordial Inflation Explorer (PIXIE): A Nulling Polarimeter for Cosmic Microwave Background Observations
Creators: name: Kogut, A.
name: Fixsen, D. J.
name: Chuss, D. T.
name: Dotson, J.
name: Dwek, E.
name: Halpern, M.
name: Hinshaw, G. F.
name: Meyer, S. M.
name: Moseley, S. H.
name: Seiffert, M. D.
name: Spergel, D. N.
name: Wollack, E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Primordial Inflation Explorer (PIXIE) is an Explorer-class mission to measure the gravity-wave signature of primordial inflation through its distinctive imprint on the linear polarization of the cosmic microwave background. The instrument consists of a polarizing Michelson interferometer configured as a nulling polarimeter to measure the difference spectrum between orthogonal linear polarizations from two co-aligned beams. Either input can view the sky or a temperature-controlled absolute reference blackbody calibrator. PIXIE will map the absolute intensity and linear polarization (Stokes I, Q, and U parameters) over the full sky in 400 spectral channels spanning 2.5 decades in frequency from 30 GHz to 6 THz (1 cm to 50 um wavelength). Multi-moded optics provide background-limited sensitivity using only 4 detectors, while the highly symmetric design and multiple signal modulations provide robust rejection of potential systematic errors. The principal science goal is the detection and characterization of linear polarization from an inflationary epoch in the early universe, with tensor-to-scalar ratio r < 10^{-3} at 5 standard deviations. The rich PIXIE data set will also constrain physical processes ranging from Big Bang cosmology to the nature of the first stars to physical conditions within the interstellar medium of the Galaxy.
description: 37 pages including 17 figures. Submitted to the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
title: Multimodality Imaging of Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) with Mammography, Ultrasound and MRI
Creators: name: Busko, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: Elastography
subject: Oncology
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the mammography, ultrasound and MRI features of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS). Explore the types of DCIS, pathological characteristics and assess prognostic factors that lead to invasive carcinoma. Discuss briefly the ongoing...
The Amount of Phosphate Solubilization Depends on the Strain, C-Source, Organic Acids and Type of Phosphate
Creators: name: Marra, Leandro Marciano
name: de Oliveira-Longatti, Silvia Maria
name: Soares, Cláudio Roberto Fonsêca Sousa
name: Olivares, Fábio Lopes
name: de Souza Moreira, Fatima Maria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Although production of organic acids (OAs) is usually mentioned as the main mechanism of phosphate solubilization, the relationship between carbon sources (C-sources) and OAs produced during phosphate-solubilization by microorganisms is still poorly understood. We evaluated the influence of different C-sources on FePO4·2H2O and Ca3(PO4)2 solubilization by bacteria and on the identity/quantity of the OAs produced. Our results showed that the amount of phosphate solubilization depends on the strain, C-source, OAs, and type of phosphate. Among the five strains under study isolated from cowpea nodules (Rhizobium tropici strain UFLA 03-08, Acinetobacter sp. strain UFLA 03-09, Paenibacillus kribbensis strain UFLA 03-10, P. kribbensis strain UFLA 03-106, and Paenibacillus sp. strain UFLA 03-116), three of them solubilized Ca3(PO4)2 in all C-sources. The influence of C-sources on Ca3(PO4)2-solubilization increased in the following order: cellulose 3(PO4)2 and the concentration of total OAs in the presence of glucose and mannitol was observed for these three strains. In the presence of glucose, the highest solubilization rates are associated with high concentrations of tartaric acid, and in the presence of mannitol, are associated with maleic acid. Only one strain produced OAs in the medium with lactose and Ca3(PO4)2, but there was no OAs in the medium containing cellulose. Despite the production of OAs, albeit in small concentrations, in all the C-sources investigated, FePO4·2H2O-solubilization was not observed. Thus, a relationship among C-sources, OAs, and phosphate solubilization was not always verified.
Catching GRBs with atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes
Creators: name: Gilmore, Rudy C.
name: Primack, Joel R.
name: Bouvier, Aurelien
name: Otte, A. Nepomuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermi has shown GRBs to be a source of >10 GeV photons. We present an estimate of the detection rate of GRBs with a next generation Cherenkov telescope. Our predictions are based on the observed properties of GRBs detected by Fermi, combined with the spectral properties and redshift determinations for the bursts population by instruments operating at lower energies. While detection of VHE emission from GRBs has eluded ground-based instruments thus far, our results suggest that ground-based detection may be within reach of the proposed Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), albeit with a low rate, 0.25 - 0.5/yr. Such a detection would help constrain the emission mechanism of gamma-ray emission from GRBs. Photons at these energies from distant GRBs are affected by the UV-optical background light, and a ground-based detection could also provide a valuable probe of the Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) in place at high redshift.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of "Gamma Ray Bursts 2010", held Nov. 1-4, 2010 in Annapolis, MD
Improving probabilistic forecasts of extreme wind speeds by training statistical post-processing models with weighted scoring rules
Creators: name: Wessel, Jakob Benjamin
name: Ferro, Christopher A. T.
name: Evans, Gavin R.
name: Kwasniok, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate forecasts of extreme wind speeds are of high importance for many applications. Such forecasts are usually generated by ensembles of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, which however can be biased and have errors in dispersion, thus necessitating the application of statistical post-processing techniques. In this work we aim to improve statistical post-processing models for probabilistic predictions of extreme wind speeds. We do this by adjusting the training procedure used to fit ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) models - a commonly applied post-processing technique - and propose estimating parameters using the so-called threshold-weighted continuous ranked probability score (twCRPS), a proper scoring rule that places special emphasis on predictions over a threshold. We show that training using the twCRPS leads to improved extreme event performance of post-processing models for a variety of thresholds. We find a distribution body-tail trade-off where improved performance for probabilistic predictions of extreme events comes with worse performance for predictions of the distribution body. However, we introduce strategies to mitigate this trade-off based on weighted training and linear pooling. Finally, we consider some synthetic experiments to explain the training impact of the twCRPS and derive closed-form expressions of the twCRPS for a number of distributions, giving the first such collection in the literature. The results will enable researchers and practitioners alike to improve the performance of probabilistic forecasting models for extremes and other events of interest.
Exploring the Dirac equation
Creators: name: Mackovic, Brie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: In this thesis low energy excitations of perfectly dimerized trans-polyacetylene are modelled using the one-dimensional Dirac equation. The system is solved on both the half-line and segment, and the solutions are used to explore quantum phenomena. It is discovered that the zero mode of the half-line is a Majorana fermion quasiparticle. It is also found that dominate zero mode coupling to an electron on a scanning tunnelling microscope is achieved with a sufficiently large mass gap of the quantum wire. This allows scattering state excitations to be ignored in calculations in this thesis. It is also shown that the zero mode can facilitate entanglement of two electrons, each in proximity to opposite ends of a long segment of trans-polyacetylene. An algorithm is also developed which teleports the spin state of an electron on a segment of trans-polyacetylene. The quantum measurement used in this algorithm conserves fermion parity symmetry, however charge superselection is violated for three-fourths of the measurement operators. In the thermally isolated system teleportation is successful for all of the measurement operators on the ground state. However, decoherence occurs in the non-thermally isolated system due to thermal mixing of nearly degenerate states, leading to teleportation being successful for only half of the measurement operations on the thermal state.
Necklace Ansatz for strongly repulsive spin mixtures on a ring
Creators: name: Aupetit-Diallo, Gianni
name: Pecci, Giovanni
name: Volosniev, Artem
name: Albert, Mathias
name: Minguzzi, Anna
name: Vignolo, Patrizia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an alternative to the Bethe Ansatz method for strongly-interacting fermionic (or bosonic) mixtures on a ring. Starting from the knowledge of the solution for single-component non-interacting fermions (or strongly-interacting bosons), we explicitly impose periodic condition on the amplitudes of the spin configurations. This reduces drastically the number of independent complex amplitudes that we determine by constrained diagonalization of an effective Hamiltonian. This procedure allows us to obtain a complete basis for the exact low-energy many-body solutions for mixtures with a large number of particles, both for $SU(κ)$ and symmetry-breaking systems.
description: 29 pages and 4 figures. Submission to SciPost
On a generalization of Watson's trigonometric sum (on Dowker's sum of order one half)
Creators: name: Blagouchine, Iaroslav V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study the finite trigonometric sum $\sum a_l\csc\big(πl/n\big)$, where $a_l$ are equal to $\cos(2πl ν/n)$ and where the summation index $l$ and the discrete parameter $ν$ both run through $1$ to $n-1$. This sum is a generalization of Watson's trigonometric sum, which has been extensively studied in a series of previous papers, and also may be regarded as the so-called Dowker sum of order one half. It occurs in various problems in mathematics, physics and engineering, and plays an important role in some number-theoretic problems. In the paper, we obtain several integral and series representations for the above-mentioned sum, investigate its properties, derive various, including asymptotic, expansions for it, and deduce very accurate upper and lower bounds for it (both bounds are asymptotically vanishing). In addition, we obtain two relatively simple approximate formulae containing only several terms, which are also very accurate and can be particularly appreciated in applications. Finally, we also derive several advanced summation formulae for the digamma functions, which relate the gamma and the digamma functions, the investigated sum, as well as the product of a sequence of cosecants $\prod\big(\csc(πl/n)\big)^{\csc(πl/n)}$
description: Revised and enlarged version of "On a generalization of Watson's trigonometric sum, some of its properties and its relationship to Dowker's sum" (24 pages, 6 figures, 86 references)
Single crystal growth and superconducting properties of LiFeAs
Creators: name: Lee, Bumsung
name: Khim, Seunghyun
name: Kim, Jung Soo
name: Stewart, G. R.
name: Kim, Kee Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the successful growth of high quality single crystals of LiFeAs with lateral sizes up to 5 x 5 mm2 by the Sn-flux method. Electrical resistivity studies reveal that the superconducting onset temperature is 18.2 K with a transition width less than 1.1 K and the ratio of room temperature to residual resistivity is about 24. Bulk superconductivity is supported by perfect shielding in the magnetic susceptibility and a clear jump in the specific heat Cp, resulting in deltaCp/T ~ 20.0 mJ/mol*K2. Upper critical field slopes of dHc2c/dT ~ -1.39 and dHc2ab/dT ~ -2.99 T/K near Tc predict zero temperature upper critical fields of Hc2c(0) ~ 17.2 and Hc2ab(0) ~ 36.9 T and coherence lengths of Xi_ab = 4.4 and Xi_c = 2.0 nm in a single band model. This result points to a modest superconducting anisotropy about 2.3 in LiFeAs.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
3D-Printed Surrogate Lower Limb for Testing Ankle-Foot Orthoses
Creators: name: Thibodeau, Alexis
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Surrogate Lower Limb
Mechanical Testing
Ankle-Foot Orthosis Testing
Additive Manufacturing
Fused Deposition Modelling

description: Traditionally, the mechanical testing of ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) has been performed with simple limb surrogates, typically with a single axis ankle joint and rigid foot and shank components. Since many current AFO designs allow 3D motion, a surrogate lower limb (SLL) that provides anatomically similar motion in all planes is needed to enable realistic load testing and cyclic testing in a controlled manner. The aim of this thesis was to design, fabricate and test a novel SLL that provides anatomically realistic 3D foot motion, based on a consensus of the passive lower limb range of motion (RoM) found in the literature. The SLL design was inspired by the Rizzoli model, sectioning the lower limb into five segments (shank, hindfoot, midfoot, forefoot, toes). Ball and socket joints were used for the shank-hindfoot, hindfoot-midfoot, and midfoot-forefoot. Forefoot-toes used a hinge-type joint. 3D printed flexible thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) snap-fit connectors connected the 3D printed nylon foot blocks. A threaded ball stud connected the shank shaft and hindfoot. This shank shaft was surrounded by a 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) shank cover. The foot was cast in silicone rubber to emulate soft tissue, with a PLA custom mould based on a Össur prosthetic foot cover model. The SLL was successfully designed for easy fabrication using readily available techniques, materials, and components. Only the metal shaft required additional machining. 3D printed components used an affordable 3D printer (Artillery Sidewinder X1), and readily available nylon, PLA, and TPU. Using motion capture testing, SLL foot rotation angles were found to be within standard deviation of mean foot passive rotation angle ranges found in the literature, showing that most joints were within 5° of target maximum rotation angles. With load testing, the SLL was shown to survive static loads representing 1.5 times body weight for a 100 kg individuals and cyclic loads representing normal gait loading for 500,000 cycles.
Protoplanetary Disk Masses in IC348: A Rapid Decline in the Population of Small Dust Grains After 1 Myr
Creators: name: Lee, Nicholas
name: Williams, Jonathan P.
name: Cieza, Lucas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 1.3 mm continuum survey of protoplanetary disks in the 2-3 Myr old cluster, IC348, with the Submillimeter Array. We observed 85 young stellar objects and detected 10 with 1.3 mm fluxes greater than 2 mJy. The brightest source is a young embedded protostar driving a molecular outflow. The other 9 detections are dusty disks around optically visible stars. Our millimeter flux measurements translate into total disk masses ranging from 2 to 6 Jupiter masses. Each detected disk has strong mid-infrared emission in excess of the stellar photosphere and has Halpha equivalent widths larger than the average in the cluster and indicative of ongoing gas accretion. The disk mass distribution, however, is shifted by about a factor of 20 to lower masses, compared to that in the ~1 Myr old Taurus and Ophiuchus regions. These observations reveal the rapid decline in the number of small dust grains in disks with time, and probably their concomitant growth beyond millimeter sizes. Moreover, if IC348 is to form planets in the same proportion as detected in the field, these faint millimeter detections may represent the best candidates in the cluster to study the progression from planetesimals to planets.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Reducing instrumental errors in Parkes Pulsar Timing Array data
Creators: name: Rogers, Axl F.
name: van Straten, Willem
name: Gulyaev, Sergei
name: Parthasarathy, Aditya
name: Hobbs, George
name: Chen, Zu-Cheng
name: Feng, Yi
name: Goncharov, Boris
name: Kapur, Agastya
name: Liu, Xiaojin
name: Reardon, Daniel
name: Russell, Christopher J.
name: Zic, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper demonstrates the impact of state-of-the-art instrumental calibration techniques on the precision of arrival times obtained from 9.6 years of observations of millisecond pulsars using the Murriyang 64-m CSIRO Parkes Radio Telescope. Our study focuses on 21-cm observations of 25 high-priority pulsars that are regularly observed as part of the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA) project, including those predicted to be the most susceptible to calibration errors. We employ Measurement Equation Template Matching (METM) for instrumental calibration and Matrix Template Matching (MTM) for arrival time estimation, resulting in significantly improved timing residuals with up to a sixfold reduction in white noise compared to arrival times estimated using Scalar Template Matching and conventional calibration based on the Ideal Feed Assumption. The median relative reduction in white noise is 33 percent, and the maximum absolute reduction is 4.5 microseconds. For PSR J0437-4715, METM and MTM reduce the best-fit power-law amplitude (2.7 sigma) and spectral index (1.7 sigma) of the red noise in the arrival time residuals, which can can be tentatively interpreted as mitigation of 1/f noise due to otherwise unmodeled steps in polarimetric response. These findings demonstrate the potential to directly enhance the sensitivity of pulsar timing array experiments through more accurate methods of instrumental calibration and arrival time estimation.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
A Bayesian framework for functional calibration of expensive computational models through non-isometric matching
Creators: name: Farmanesh, Babak
name: Pourhabib, Arash
name: Balasundaram, Balabhaskar
name: Buchanan, Austin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: We study statistical calibration, i.e., adjusting features of a computational model that are not observable or controllable in its associated physical system. We focus on functional calibration, which arises in many manufacturing processes where the unobservable features, called calibration variables, are a function of the input variables. A major challenge in many applications is that computational models are expensive and can only be evaluated a limited number of times. Furthermore, without making strong assumptions, the calibration variables are not identifiable. We propose Bayesian Non-isometric Matching Calibration (BNMC) that allows calibration of expensive computational models with only a limited number of samples taken from a computational model and its associated physical system. BNMC replaces the computational model with a dynamic Gaussian process whose parameters are trained in the calibration procedure. To resolve the identifiability issue, we present the calibration problem from a geometric perspective of non-isometric curve to surface matching, which enables us to take advantage of combinatorial optimization techniques to extract necessary information for constructing prior distributions. Our numerical experiments demonstrate that in terms of prediction accuracy BNMC outperforms, or is comparable to, other existing calibration frameworks.
A Bayesian deep learning framework for interval estimation of remaining useful life in complex systems by incorporating general degradation characteristics
Creators: name: Kim, Minhee
name: Liu, Kaibo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Deep learning has emerged as a powerful tool to model complicated relationships between inputs and outputs in various fields including degradation modeling and prognostics. Existing deep learning-based prognostic approaches are often used in a black-box manner and provide only point estimations of remaining useful life. However, accurate interval estimations of the remaining useful life are crucial to understand the stochastic nature of degradation processes and perform reliable risk analysis and maintenance decision making. This study proposes a novel Bayesian deep learning framework that incorporates general characteristics of degradation processes and provides the interval estimations of remaining useful life. The proposed method enjoys several unique advantages: (i) providing a general approach by not assuming any particular type of degradation processes nor the availability of domain-specific prior knowledge such as a failure threshold; (ii) offering the interval estimations of the remaining useful life; (iii) systematically modeling two types of uncertainties embedded in prognostics; and (iv) exhibiting great prognostic performance and wide applicability to complex systems that may involve multiple sensor signals, multiple failure modes, and multiple operational conditions. Numerical studies demonstrate improved prognostic performance and practicality of the proposed method over benchmark approaches. Additional numerical results including the analysis of sensitivity and computational costs are given in the online supplemental materials.
On the secondary Steenrod algebra
Creators: name: Nassau, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55S20

description: We introduce a new model for the secondary Steenrod algebra at the prime 2 which is both smaller and more accessible than the original construction of H.-J. Baues. We also explain how BP can be used to define a variant of the secondary Steenrod algebra at odd primes.
description: 26 pages
The electroweak S and T parameters from a fixed point condition
Creators: name: Fabbrichesi, M.
name: Percacci, R.
name: Tonero, A.
name: Vecchi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the standard model without the Higgs boson, where the Goldstone modes are described by a nonlinear sigma model. We study the renormalization group flow of the sigma model coupling f and of the electroweak parameters S and T. The condition that the couplings reach a fixed point at high energy leaves the low energy values of f and T arbitrary (to be determined experimentally) and fixes S to a value compatible with electroweak precision data.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Crianças Sobredotadas,  Posição da familia e comunidade no plano educativoGifted children development - Family and Community position
Creators: name: Guenther, Zenita
Publisher: name: Escola Superior de Educação de Paula Frassinetti - CIPAF
Year: 2017
Subjects: Sobredotados; desenvolvimento de talentos; centros comunitários

description: Crianças sobredotadas mostram desempenho notavelmente superior em relação ao grupo comparável, como indicação da maior capacidade de aprender. Sustentam esse processo: a Família, onde a criança nasce e é criada; a Escola, instituição social encarregada de prover educação; e a Comunidade, como o terreno onde forças culturais e ideológicas atuam, influenciando a vida das pessoas; portanto, a comunidade oferece as bases de um programa para desenvolver o potencial de suas crianças e jovens sobredotados. Ressaltam na comunidade 1º. A influência das instituições educacionais, mormente universidades, e 2º. A ação de pessoas ali reconhecidas e produtivas, sob a forma de voluntariado. O presente artigo discute maneiras como essas duas fontes podem ser recrutadas para atuar em um programa sistematizado de educação para desenvolver estudantes sobredotados e talentosos.

Gifted children show significantly higher performance than their peers, what is an indication of their increased capacity to learn. Support this process: the family, where the child is born and raised; the School, a social institution in charge of providing education; and the community, where cultural and ideological forces act to influence people's lives; Therefore, the community offers basis for a program to develop the potential of their gifted children. The major forces within the community are: 1st. educational institutions, especially universities; and 2nd. voluntary action of acknowledged and productive persons. The present article discusses how these two sources can be recruited to act in a systematic program of education for gifted and talented students.

Gifted; talent development; community talent centers
description: Saber & Educar, n. 23 (2017): Contornos da EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA na perspetiva da lei e das respostas educativas
Stochastic modeling of degradation branching processes
Creators: name: Wang, Changxi
name: Elsayed, Elsayed A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Degradation branching is a common phenomenon in many real-life applications. The degradation of a location not only increases with time, but also propagates to other locations in the same system. While the degradation of an individual location has been studied extensively, research on degradation branching is sparse. In this paper, we develop a general stochastic degradation branching model that characterizes both the degradation growth and degradation propagation. The probabilistic properties of the general degradation branching processes are analyzed. Reliability metrics such as the mean time to failure, mean residual life, failure probability and others are also investigated. In particular, closed-form expressions for the expectation and variance of the degradation and selected reliability metrics are obtained when the time to branch follows an exponential distribution. The model is validated using actual crack growth data.
Directory for masses with children: Directorium de Missis cum Pueris, November 12, 1973. Sacred Congregation for Divine Worship.
Creators: name: Sacred Congregation For Divine Worship.
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description:
 Cover title.
 Translation of Directorium de missis cum pueris.
 Translation prepared by the International Committee on English in the Liturgy.
Line tension from dual-geometry sessile droplet measurements: Combining contact-angle size-dependence data for axisymmetric and cylindrical droplets to determine the line tension
Creators: name: Tatyanenko, Dmitry V.
name: Apitsin, Konstantin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a thermodynamic analysis of various contributions to the size dependence of the contact-angle cosine for both axisymmetric and cylindrical sessile droplets. This shows that a commonly used method to determine the line tension from the slope of the contact-angle cosine dependence on the three-phase contact-line curvature (for axisymmetric droplets) provides a certain combination of the line tension, the adsorptions at the three interfaces, and the macroscopic contact angle. To extract the contribution related to the contact line in the leading order and determine the line tension, we propose a simple technique using droplet-size dependences of the contact angle for axisymmetric and cylindrical droplets under the same conditions.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. The updated version includes corrected typos, corrected and added references, some new arguments and discussions. An appendix has been added with a variational derivation of the equilibrium equations to support some arguments in the main text. Multiple changes primarily related to language and general readability improvements has been made across the whole text
Magnetic moments of octet baryons at finite density and temperature
Creators: name: Ryu, C. Y.
name: Hyun, C. H.
name: Cheoun, M. -K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the change of magnetic moments of octet baryons in nuclear matter at a finite density and temperature. Quark-meson coupling models are employed in describing properties of octet baryons and their interactions. Magnetic moments of octet baryons are found to increase non-negligibly as density and temperature increase, and we find that temperature dependence can be strongly correlated with the quark-hadron phase transition. Model dependence is also examined by comparing the results from the quark-meson coupling (QMC) model to those by the modified QMC (MQMC) model where the bag constant is assumed to depend on density. Both models predict sizable dependence on density and temperature, but the MQMC model shows a more drastic change of magnetic moments. Feasible changes of the nucleon mass by strong magnetic fields are also reported in the given models.
description: 12 pages
Symmetric black-to-white hole solutions with a cosmological constant
Creators: name: Feng, Zhong-Wen
name: Jiang, Qing-Quan
name: Ling, Yi
name: Wu, Xiao-Ning
name: Yu, Zhangping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a system with a Hamiltonian constraint, we demonstrate that its dynamics is invariant under different choices of the lapse function, regardless of whether the Hamiltonian incorporates quantum corrections. Applying this observation to the interior of black-to-white holes, we analyze its dynamics with different choices of the lapse function. The results explicitly show that the leading-order expansion of both metrics proposed by Rovelli et al. (Class. Quant. Grav. \textbf{35}, 225003 (2018); Class. Quant. Grav. \textbf{35}, 215010 (2018)) and Ashtekar et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{121}, 241301 (2018); Phys. Rev. D \textbf{98}, 126003 (2018)) exhibit identical behavior near the transition surface. Therefore, in this sense the black-to-white hole model proposed by Rovelli et al., (Class. Quant. Grav. \textbf{35}, 225003 (2018); Class. Quant. Grav. \textbf{35}, 215010 (2018)) may be interpreted as a coarse-grained version of the solution within the framework of loop quantum gravity. The black-to-white hole solutions with exact symmetry between the black hole and white hole regions are constructed by appropriately fixing the quantum parameters in the effective theory of loop quantum gravity. This approach circumvents the issue of amplification of mass, which could arise from a mass difference between the black hole and white hole, and provides a way to link the solutions obtained by minisuperspace quantization to those in the covariant approach. Finally, the black-to-white hole solutions with a cosmological constant are constructed. The numerical solutions for the interior of the black-to-white hole with a cosmological constant are obtained, and their symmetric behavior is also discussed.
description: 20 pages, 11 figure, 1 table
Strong-coupling expansion and effective hamiltonians
Creators: name: Mila, F.
name: Schmidt, K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When looking for analytical approaches to treat frustrated quantum magnets, it is often very useful to start from a limit where the ground state is highly degenerate. This chapter discusses several ways of deriving {effective Hamiltonians} around such limits, starting from standard {degenerate perturbation theory} and proceeding to modern approaches more appropriate for the derivation of high-order effective Hamiltonians, such as the perturbative continuous unitary transformations or contractor renormalization. In the course of this exposition, a number of examples taken from the recent literature are discussed, including frustrated ladders and other dimer-based Heisenberg models in a field, as well as the mapping between frustrated Ising models in a transverse field and quantum dimer models.
description: To appear as a chapter in "Highly Frustrated Magnetism", Eds. C. Lacroix, P. Mendels, F. Mila
Oculudentavis khaungraae Xing et al.
Creators: name: Bolet, Arnau
name: Stanley, Edward L.
name: Daza, Juan D.
name: Arias, J. Salvador
name: Cernanský, Andrej
name: Vidal-García, Marta
name: Bauer, Aaron M.
name: Bevitt, Joseph J.
name: Peretti, Adolf
name: Evans, Susan E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Ceratopogonidae
Oculudentavis
Oculudentavis khaungraae

description: Hupoge Amber Museum, HPG-15-3, a complete skull preserved in amber (Figures 2K–2T, 3B, 3D, and S 1). After its publication, we were given access to scan data of the holotype but do not have the authority to make it publicly available, although a rendering of this specimen can be accessed here: https:// tinyurl.com/Oculudentavis-A-10420. Type locality Cenomanian 98.8 ± 0.6 Ma, 14 Aung Bar mine, Tanai Township (Myitkyina District, Hukawng Valley, Kachin province), northern Myanmar. Diagnosis Jugal process of maxilla thatreaches caudally to at least the level of mid-orbit; 1 short squamosal process of the postorbital; large braincase with long, unexpanded basipterygoid processes on the basisphenoid; medial flange of pterygoid diverges posterolaterally along the entire length; interpterygoid vacuity heart shaped; premaxilla much longer than wide; recurved anterior marginal teeth (on premaxilla); and a well-developed flattened surface on the dorsolabial margin of the posterior portion of the dentary.
description: Published as part of Bolet, Arnau, Stanley, Edward L., Daza, Juan D., Arias, J. Salvador, Cernanský, Andrej, Vidal-García, Marta, Bauer, Aaron M., Bevitt, Joseph J., Peretti, Adolf & Evans, Susan E., 2021, Unusual morphology in the mid-Cretaceous lizard Oculudentavis, pp. 1-12 in Current Biology 31 on page 4, DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.05.040, http://zenodo.org/record/5013953
Discovery of a Radio-Selected z ~ 6 Quasar
Creators: name: Zeimann, Gregory R.
name: White, Richard L.
name: Becker, Robert H.
name: Hodge, Jacqueline A.
name: Stanford, Spencer A.
name: Richards, Gordon T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of only the second radio-selected, z ~ 6 quasar. We identified SDSS J222843.54+011032.2 (z=5.95) by matching the optical detections of the deep Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Stripe 82 with their radio counterparts in the Stripe82 VLA Survey. We also matched the Canadian-France-Hawaiian Telescope Legacy Survey Wide (CFHTLS Wide) with the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-cm (FIRST) survey but have yet to find any z ~ 6 quasars in this survey area. The discovered quasar is optically-faint, z = 22.3 and M_{1450} ~ -24.5, but radio-bright, with a flux density of f$_{1.4GHz, peak}$ = 0.31mJy and a radio-loudness of R ~ 1100 (where R = f_{5GHz}/f_{2500}). The i-z color of the discovered quasar places it outside the color selection criteria for existing optical surveys. We conclude by discussing the need for deeper wide-area radio surveys in the context of high-redshift quasars.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, and ApJ accepted