cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Emergency Department Documentation of Radiographic Findings
Creators: name: Maguire, John
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Acute
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Emergency

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Background The Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 1 which came into force in May 2000 provide a framework to optimise patient safety in those undergoing investigations involving ionising radiation. In order to ensure patient safety is...
SiPMs characterization and selection for the DUNE far detector photon detection system
Creators: name: Sun, Yujing
name: Maricic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) together with the Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) hosted at the Fermilab will provide a unique, world-leading program for the exploration of key questions at the forefront of neutrino physics and astrophysics. CP violation in neutrino flavor mixing is one of its most important potential discoveries. Additionally, the experiment will determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and precisely measure the neutrino mixing parameters which may potentially reveal new fundamental symmetries of nature. Moreover, the DUNE is also designed for the observation of nucleon decay and supernova burst neutrinos. The photon detection (PD) system in the DUNE far detector provides trigger for cosmic backgrounds, enhances supernova burst trigger efficiency and improves the energy resolution of the detector. The DUNE adopts the technology of liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) that requires the PD sensors, silicon photomultipliers (SiPM), to be carefully chosen to not only work properly in cryostat, but also meet certain specifications for the life of the experiment. A comprehensive testing of SiPMs in cryostat is necessary since the datasheet provided by the manufactures in the market does not cover this temperature regime. This paper gives the detailed characterization results of SenSL C-Series 60035 SiPMs, including gain, dark count rate (DCR), cross-talk and after-pulse rate. Characteristic studies on SiPMs from other vendors are also discussed in order to avoid any potential problems associated with using a single source. Moreover, the results of the ongoing mechanical durability tests are shown for the current candidate, SenSL B/C-Series 60035 SiPMs.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, LIDINE 2015
Data transformation based optimized customer churn prediction model for the telecommunication industry
Creators: name: Sana, Joydeb Kumar
name: Abedin, Mohammad Zoynul
name: Rahman, M. Sohel
name: Rahman, M. Saifur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data transformation (DT) is a process that transfers the original data into a form which supports a particular classification algorithm and helps to analyze the data for a special purpose. To improve the prediction performance we investigated various data transform methods. This study is conducted in a customer churn prediction (CCP) context in the telecommunication industry (TCI), where customer attrition is a common phenomenon. We have proposed a novel approach of combining data transformation methods with the machine learning models for the CCP problem. We conducted our experiments on publicly available TCI datasets and assessed the performance in terms of the widely used evaluation measures (e.g. AUC, precision, recall, and F-measure). In this study, we presented comprehensive comparisons to affirm the effect of the transformation methods. The comparison results and statistical test proved that most of the proposed data transformation based optimized models improve the performance of CCP significantly. Overall, an efficient and optimized CCP model for the telecommunication industry has been presented through this manuscript.
description: 24 pages
The effect of attentional breadth on pupil size
Creators: name: Vilotijević, Ana
name: Mathot, Sebastiaan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Our senses adjust in order to fulfill perceptual needs. Previous studies showed a benefit of large (dilated) pupils for peripheral detection, and a benefit of small (constricted) pupils for foveal discrimination. Thus, one of the questions that arises is whether pupil size changes as a function of the focus of attention, which is smaller when attention is focused centrally, and larger when attention is diffusely distributed over the peripheral vision; that is, does the attentional breadth affect the size of the pupil? Even though some attempts were made to answer this question by manipulating attentional breadth, none of these studies simultaneously controlled for all potential confounds. In this study we aim to test the same prediction that pupil size increases with increased attentional breadth while carefully controlling for all potential confounds. To that aim, we focus on how pupil size changes as a function of the eccentricity of a to-be-attended stimulus. The experiment employs a visual discrimination task in which participants are presented with a rapidly presented stream of noise patches arranged into three concentric rings. Crucially, these rings occupy various eccentricities, such that a ‘near eccentricity’ ring is centered around the fixation dot, surrounded by a ‘medium eccentricity’ ring, which is in turn surrounded by a ‘far eccentricity’ ring. The target is either an increment or decrement of luminance, presented at a random location within one of the three rings; participants report whether the target is a luminance increment or decrement. Before the target appeared, a cue indicated at which of the rings the target is the most likely (80% validity) to appear. Participants covertly attended the cued ring while fixating a dot at the middle of the screen. We hypothesize that pupil size should increase with increasing cue eccentricity.
Additional file 2 of The impact of a child’s inborn error of metabolism: the parents’ perspectives on restrictions, discrimination, family planning, and emergency management
Creators: name: Harings, Tanjana
name: Neininger, Martina P.
name: Eisenhofer, Simone
name: Thiele, Alena G.
name: Kiess, Wieland
name: Bertsche, Astrid
name: Bertsche, Thilo
name: Beblo, Skadi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
Experimentwise Type I error control: A focus on 2 × 2 designs (supplementary materials)
Creators: name: Frane, Andrew
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics and Probability
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: R programs for evaluating methods of Type I error control in 2 × 2 experimental designs
title: The value of 99m-Tc-Sestamibi SPECT/CT in the assessment of parathyroid adenoma: what do we need more?
Creators: name: COHENPOUR, MEHRZAD
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: Head and neck
subject: SPECT-CT
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: SPECT
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Metabolic disorders

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Primary hyperparathyroidism is causedby a solitary parathyroid adenoma in approximately 85% of cases and surgical resection of the pathological gland is curative. The remaining cases are usually secondary to glandular hyperplasia and less...
In Generous Offers I Trust
Creators: name: Jeong, Martha
name: minson, julia
name: Gino, Francesca
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: negotiation; trust; interpersonal interaction; attribution; judgment; perception; social interaction; inference

description: Negotiation scholarship espouses the importance of opening a bargaining situation with an aggressive offer, given the power of first offers to shape concessionary behavior and outcomes. In our research, we identified a surprising consequence to this common prescription. Through four studies in the field and laboratory (total N = 3,742), we explored how first-offer values affect the recipient’s perceptions of the offer-maker’s trustworthiness and, subsequently, the recipient’s behaviors. Specifically, we found that recipients of generous offers are more likely to make themselves economically vulnerable to their counterparts, exhibiting behaviors with potentially deleterious consequences, such as disclosing negative information. We observed this effect in an online marketplace (Study 1) and in an incentivized laboratory experiment (Study 3). We found that it is driven by the greater trust that generous first offers engender (Studies 2 and 3). These results persisted in the face of debiasing attempts and were surprising to lay negotiators (Studies 3 and 4).
Building Bridges to College and Career Success for Young Males of Color
Creators: name: McDaniel, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Vibrant, livable communities rely on healthy, well-educated and engaged residents to sustain them. This is not a controversial statement at face value, although some might argue about the means by which to achieve this outcome (e.g. importing a trained labor force versus educating and cultivating indigenous talent). Most policy makers believe a balanced approach is necessary to address ongoing human capital needs, with robust partnerships between public institutions and the private sector leading the way. The reasons for this are fairly clear. Without a set of committed and highly functioning educational institutions in local communities, labor markets begin to falter and the most vulnerable neighborhoods succumb to the economic and social manifestations of persistent poverty, hopelessness and violence.
Boltzmann electron PIC simulation of the E-sail effect
Creators: name: Janhunen, Pekka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solar wind electric sail (E-sail) is a planned in-space propulsion device that uses the natural solar wind momentum flux for spacecraft propulsion with the help of long, charged, centrifugally stretched tethers. The problem of accurately predicting the E-sail thrust is still somewhat open, however, due to a possible electron population trapped by the tether. Here we develop a new type of particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation for predicting E-sail thrust. In the new simulation, electrons are modelled as a fluid, hence resembling hydrid simulation, but in contrast to normal hybrid simulation, the Poisson equation is used as in normal PIC to calculate the self-consistent electrostatic field. For electron-repulsive parts of the potential, the Boltzmann relation is used. For electron-attractive parts of the potential we employ a power law which contains a parameter that can be used to control the number of trapped electrons. We perform a set of runs varying the parameter and select the one with the smallest number of trapped electrons which still behaves in a physically meaningful way in the sense of producing not more than one solar wind ion deflection shock upstream of the tether. By this prescription we obtain thrust per tether length values that are in line with earlier estimates, although somewhat smaller. We conclude that the Boltzmann PIC simulation is a new tool for simulating the E-sail thrust. This tool enables us to calculate solutions rapidly and allows to easily study different scenarios for trapped electrons.
description: In press in Annales Geophysicae, 13 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
title: An Attempt for Low-dose Myelo-Tomosynthesis System with Dynamic Imaging
Creators: name: Maruyama, Tomoyuki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Myelography
subject: Hernia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: We are working to reduce patient exposure by using low-dose imaging in tomosynthesis-based myelography called myelo-tomosynthesis (MTS). We attempted to determine the correlation between vertebral fluctuation and nerve bundles by performing dynamic...
Additional file 1 of The impact of a child’s inborn error of metabolism: the parents’ perspectives on restrictions, discrimination, family planning, and emergency management
Creators: name: Harings, Tanjana
name: Neininger, Martina P.
name: Eisenhofer, Simone
name: Thiele, Alena G.
name: Kiess, Wieland
name: Bertsche, Astrid
name: Bertsche, Thilo
name: Beblo, Skadi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Unsupervised Multimodal Word Discovery based on Double Articulation Analysis with Co-occurrence cues
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Akira
name: Murakami, Hiroaki
name: Ozaki, Ryo
name: Taniguchi, Tadahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human infants acquire their verbal lexicon with minimal prior knowledge of language based on the statistical properties of phonological distributions and the co-occurrence of other sensory stimuli. This study proposes a novel fully unsupervised learning method for discovering speech units using phonological information as a distributional cue and object information as a co-occurrence cue. The proposed method can acquire words and phonemes from speech signals using unsupervised learning and utilize object information based on multiple modalities-vision, tactile, and auditory-simultaneously. The proposed method is based on the nonparametric Bayesian double articulation analyzer (NPB-DAA) discovering phonemes and words from phonological features, and multimodal latent Dirichlet allocation (MLDA) categorizing multimodal information obtained from objects. In an experiment, the proposed method showed higher word discovery performance than baseline methods. Words that expressed the characteristics of objects (i.e., words corresponding to nouns and adjectives) were segmented accurately. Furthermore, we examined how learning performance is affected by differences in the importance of linguistic information. Increasing the weight of the word modality further improved performance relative to that of the fixed condition.
description: Accepted to IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENTAL SYSTEMS
Year in Review: An Update from New East
Creators: name: Seymour, Joe
name: Bendix, Chris
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: We have much to celebrate this year in the Department of City and Regional Planning (DCRP) at Carolina. Accomplishments this year included leadership awards, workshops and client-based work, conference presentations, our 70th anniversary celebration, and much more.
title: Pilomatricoma:Radiologic findings of 17 cases
Creators: name: Hirokawa, Yuzo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Connective tissue disorders
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristic findings of pilomatricoma onradiologic imagingand to correlate the imaging findings with histopathologic...
Topology of chiral superfluid: skyrmions, Weyl fermions and chiral anomaly
Creators: name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral anomaly observed in the chiral superfluid $^3$He-A is the result of the combined effect of the real space and momentum space topologies. This effect incorporates several topological charges in the extended $({\bf k},{\bf r})$-space, which is beyond the conventional chiral anomaly in the relativistic systems.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, JETP Letters style, accepted for publication in JETP Letters
Interview with Timothy Beatley
Creators: name: Wagner, Christa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: On February 19, 2009, the UNC-Chapel Hill Department of City and Regional Planning (DCRP) sponsored a lecture by Timothy Beatley, Teresa Heinz Professor of Sustainable Communities in the Department of Urban and Environmental Planning at the University of Virginia. A DCRP graduate himself (MA ’84, Ph.D. ’86), Beatley has co-authored books with Prof. David Godschalk and Prof. David Brower on hazard mitigation and coastal zone management, although he is best known for his work on the theory and practice of sustainable communities (see a review of his latest book on page 65). During his visit to Chapel Hill, Christa Wagner spoke with Beatley about new (and old) meanings of sustainability, roles for planners in reimagining cities, and going “glocal.”
title: Evaluation of left ventricular parameters using 64 slice computed tomography: comparison of automatic contour detection and manual tracing
Creators: name: Oyar, Orhan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Echocardiography
subject: CT
subject: Cardiac

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Cardiac multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is a noninvasive technique of cardiac imaging that allows analysis of left ventricular function from a standard MDCT coronary angiography without additional contrast material or radiation...
TreeMMoSys: A low cost sensor network to measure wind-induced tree response
Creators: name: Kolbe, Sven
name: Schindler, Dirk
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Engineering
subject: Natural hazards
subject: Sensor network
subject: Tree motion monitoring
subject: Wind-tree interactions

description: This paper describes the inexpensive multiple sensor system TreeMMoSys that can be used to measure wind-induced reactions of aerial tree parts including branches and the stem. The output of TreeMMoSys includes acceleration and angular rate data that can be converted to tilt angles in the post-processing. The system consists of a scalable number of light-weight tree response sensors and ground receivers that communicate through a WLAN network. The weatherproofed system is highly portable and reusable. It can be deployed in the field for long-term monitoring of single tree reactions or reactions of neighboring trees to wind excitation.
title: Diffusion weighted imaging: an additional value for the magnetic resonance study of pancreatic neoplasms
Creators: name: De Robertis, Riccardo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pancreas
subject: Abdomen
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the applications of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the study of pancreatic neoplasms and to discuss its usefulness in terms of detection, characterization, staging and evaluation of response to therapy both for solid and for cystic...
Planner's Digest: Million Acre Initiative Gets Underway; Smart Growth in North Carolina
Creators: name: Federico, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Includes: Million Acre Initiative Gets Underway: In January of 2000, Governer Jim Hunt unveiled the Million Acre Initiative, a challenge to permanently protect and additional million acres of open space in North Carolina.; Smart Growth in North Carolina: The North Carolina Smart Growth Commission completed its year-long mission in January with a list of recommendations for the future of land use policy in the state.
On the effects of rotation in primordial star-forming clouds
Creators: name: Dutta, Jayanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamical evolution of gas during the collapse of the primordial star-forming cloud depends significantly on the initial degree of rotation. However, there is no clear understanding of how the initial rotation can affect the heating and cooling process and hence the temperature that leads to the fragmentation of the gas during Population III star formation. We report the results from three\hbox{-}dimensional, smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations of a rotating self-gravitating primordial gas cloud with a modified version of the Gadget-2 code, in which the initial ratio of the rotational to the gravitational energy ($β_0$) is varied over two orders of magnitude. We find that despite the lack of any initial turbulence and magnetic fields in the clouds, the angular momentum distribution leads to the formation and build-up of a disk that fragments into several clumps. We further examine the behavior of the protostars that form in both idealized as well as more realistic minihalos from the cosmological simulations. The thermodynamical evolution and the fragmentation behavior of the cosmological minihalos are similar to that of the artificial cases, especially in those with a similar $β_0$-parameter. Protostars with a higher rotation support exhibit spiral-arm-like structures on several scales, and have lower accretion rates. These type of clouds tend to fragment more, while some of the protostars escape from the cluster with the possibility of surviving until the present day. They also take much longer to form compared to their slowly rotating counterparts. We conclude that the use of appropriate initial conditions of the gas in minihalos is a pivotal and decisive quantity to study the evolution and final fate of the primordial stars.
description: Published in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Reconstruction of Power Lines from Point Clouds
Creators: name: Gribov, Alexander
name: Duri, Khalid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a novel solution for constructing line features modeling each catenary curve present within a series of points representing multiple catenary curves. The solution can be applied to extract power lines from lidar point clouds, which can then be used in downstream applications like creating digital twin geospatial models and evaluating the encroachment of vegetation. This paper offers an example of how the results obtained by the proposed solution could be used to assess vegetation growth near transmission power lines based on freely available lidar data for the City of Utrecht, Netherlands [1].
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Student Connection
Creators: name: Langford, Kristen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The 2011-2012 academic year was a productive and award-winning year at the Department of City and Regional Planning (DCRP)! Our students were more engaged than ever in the planning field through exciting speaker symposiums with leaders in our field, award winning student events, a diversity excursion, alumni mentoring and outreach, and many other activities engaging students and putting them in the news.
title: Radical Chemistry-Based Advances in Biomodification, Ligand Design and 18F Fluorine Labeling
Creators: name: Bock, Leonard
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: radical chemistry
subject: photoarylation
subject: D4 receptor
subject: chlorodifluoromethyl indoles
subject: DDC Classification::5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik :: 54 Chemie :: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: This work contains radical chemistry-based advances within three individual projects. First, a photoinduced radical arylation of tyrosine derivatives is developed and discussed. Second, advances in dopamine D4 receptor ligand design and further understandings of the extended binding pocket of the D4 receptor are presented. And third, a radical chlorodifluoromethylation strategy is applied for the synthesis of 2-chlorodifluoromethyl indoles, which are tested for radiochemical 18F labeling.
Pathways for Advancing Careers and Education (PACE)
Creators: name: Gardiner, Karen
name: Fein, David
name: Walton, Douglas
name: Buron, Larry
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Education
subject: Labor Economics
subject: Economics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Vocational Education

description: Pathways for Advancing Careers and Education (PACE) is a 10-year evaluation of nine promising career pathways strategies that aim to increase employment and self-sufficiency among low-income, low-skilled adults and youth. The study, funded by the Administration for Children and Families in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, is the first rigorous evaluation of career pathways strategies nationwide. PACE utilizes an experimental study design to assess the impact of the nine programs on educational attainment, employment and earnings, and other outcomes. Eligible applicants at each of the nine programs are assigned at random to either a treatment group that can access program services or a control group that cannot, but that can access other services in the community. Random assignment ensures that the characteristics of the two groups have no systematic differences at baseline and thus makes it possible to estimate impacts without bias by comparing average outcomes for treatment and control group members over time. PACE includes an implementation study that will describe and document the design and operations of each of the nine PACE programs. The implementation study also provides contextual information for understanding and interpreting the impact estimates and findings on implementation experiences can guide future program designs and implementations. The impact study will measure differences between the treatment and control group members on educational outcomes (e.g., persistence in education, receipt of certificates and degrees) and employment- and earnings-related outcomes. The PACE team will analyze and report findings for each program separately. The rationale for separate studies is that, although all nine programs utilize basic building blocks in career pathways, they vary on a substantial number of fundamental design features, including eligibility criteria and target populations; services provided; goals for participants; and timeframes for expecting goals to be achieved. This registration contains the analysis plan for the six-year PACE impact reports.
Revisiting the Economic Community of West African States: A Socio-Legal Analysis
Creators: name: Akinkugbe, Olabisi Delebayo
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: African Regional Economic Cooperation/Integration
subject: ECOWAS
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Socio-Legal Analysis

description: Recent years have seen a growing scholarly interest in the conditions of emergence of regional trade agreements in Africa. These analyses have advanced our knowledge on a range of technical issues, from specific institutional transformation of regional economic communities such as the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) to broad legal issues relating to the provisions of the regional trade agreements. Most literature on ECOWAS is, however, informed by legal formalism that interprets the text of the treaties strictly and without context, leading to a dominant interpretation of failure. By contrast, this thesis adopts a socio-legal approach and argues that the dominant narrative’s conceptualization of ECOWAS is narrow and under-representative of the broader contexts of the social relations in which ECOWAS Treaties and their implementation are embedded. The failure narratives do not adequately account for the complex social, historical, and political factors that shape the implementation of the ECOWAS Treaties. By combining socio-legal approach with insights from International Relations on new regionalism, the thesis reconceptualizes regionalism in ECOWAS as a social phenomenon. It approaches the ECOWAS Treaties as embedded in the socio-political relations, power struggles, and social structures of the Community. To differentiate the thesis from existing research on ECOWAS, it incorporates national, regional, and international factors in illuminating the complex and multifaceted confluence of circumstances that shape the implementation of the ECOWAS Treaties. Simultaneously, the thesis enriches our understanding of the theories of new regionalism by deepening the analysis in relation to ECOWAS. Seen from this perspective, the thesis concludes that ECOWAS cannot be regarded as a straightforward failure and that its achievements are not to be found primarily in economic integration but in other socio-political factors that it enabled. Finally, the analysis opens new opportunities for future normative analyses that interrogate the effectiveness of ECOWAS by taking into account the socio-political contexts in which it is embedded.
North Carolina's Public Power Systems Choose the "Hard" Energy Path
Creators: name: Hilton, Margaret L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1979

description: In his widely-read article, "Energy Strategy: The Road Not Taken?" Amory Lovins (1976:65) describes two alternative energy futures for the United States, which he terms the "hard" and "soft" paths. The "hard" path, which would continue present trends, "relies on rapid expansion of centralized high technologies to increase supplies of energy, especially in the form of electricity." The "soft" path, in contrast, would combine "a prompt and serious commitment to efficient use of energy" with "rapid development of renewable energy sources matched in scale and in energy quality to end-use needs." (Lovins, 1976:65). Lovins' soft energy path would have a number of advantages for meeting energy needs in the State of North Carolina. There would be economic advantages, moral or ethical benefits, and better coordination of state policy. However, despite these advantages, a number of the state's public power systems have recently chosen the "hard" path by investing in large, centralized nuclear generating plants.
title: Radiological evaluation of the causes of patellar instability.
Creators: name: Spaccesi Pau, Juan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Extremities
subject: Dysplasias

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: An accurate radiological assessment of predisposing factors to patellar...
How chemistry influences cloud structure, star formation, and the IMF
Creators: name: Hocuk, S.
name: Cazaux, S.
name: Spaans, M.
name: Caselli, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the earliest phases of star-forming clouds, stable molecular species, such as CO, are important coolants in the gas phase. Depletion of these molecules on dust surfaces affects the thermal balance of molecular clouds and with that their whole evolution. For the first time, we study the effect of grain surface chemistry (GSC) on star formation and its impact on the initial mass function (IMF). We follow a contracting translucent cloud in which we treat the gas-grain chemical interplay in detail, including the process of freeze-out. We perform 3d hydrodynamical simulations under three different conditions, a pure gas-phase model, a freeze-out model, and a complete chemistry model. The models display different thermal evolution during cloud collapse. The equation of state (EOS) of the gas becomes softer with CO freeze-out and the results show that at the onset of star formation, the cloud retains its evolution history such that the number of formed stars differ (by 7%) between the three models. While the stellar mass distribution results in a different IMF when we consider pure freeze-out, with the complete treatment of the GSC, the divergence from a pure gas-phase model is minimal. We find that the impact of freeze-out is balanced by the non-thermal processes; chemical and photodesorption. We also find an average filament width of 0.12 pc ($\pm$0.03 pc), and speculate that this may be a result from the changes in the EOS caused by the gas-dust thermal coupling. We conclude that GSC plays a big role in the chemical composition of molecular clouds and that surface processes are needed to accurately interpret observations, however, that GSC does not have a significant impact as far as star formation and the IMF is concerned.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 26 pages, 10 figures, and 10 tables. Added some more references
Temperature dependent behavior of localized and delocalized electrons in nitrogen-doped 6H SiC crystals as studied by electron spin resonance
Creators: name: Savchenko, D.
name: Kalabukhova, E.
name: Shanina, B.
name: Cichon, S.
name: Honolka, J.
name: Kiselov, V.
name: Mokhov, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the temperature behavior of the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of nitrogen (N) donors in n-type 6H SiC crystals grown by Lely and sublimation sandwich methods (SSM) with donor concentration of 10^17 cm^(-3) at T=60-150 K. A broad signal in the ESR spectrum was observed at T>=80 K with Lorentzian lineshape and gpar=2.0043(3), gper=2.0030(3), which was previously assigned in the literature to the N donors in the 1s(E) excited state. Based on the analysis of the ESR lineshape, linewidth and g-tensor we attribute this signal to the conduction electrons (CE). The emergence of the CE ESR signal at T>80 K was explained by the ionization of electrons from the 1s(A) ground and 1s(E) excited states of N donors to the conduction band while the observed reduction of the hyperfine (hf) splitting for the Nk1,k2 donors with the temperature increase is attributed to the motion narrowing effect of the hf splitting. The temperature dependence of CE ESR linewidth is described by an exponential law (Orbach process) with the activation energy corresponding to the energy separation between 1s(A1) and 1s(E) energy levels for N residing at quasi-cubic sites (Nk1,k2). The theoretical analysis of the temperature dependence of microwave conductivity measured by the contact-free method shows that due to the different position of the Fermi level in two samples the ionization of free electrons occurs from the energy levels of Nk1,k2 donors in Lely grown samples and from the energy level of Nh residing at hexagonal position in 6H SiC grown by SSM
Small Business Incubators: A Tool for Economic Development
Creators: name: Atkinson, Robert D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: This article describes how incubators can help small businesses. It examines and presents examples of four types of facilities in the United States. The author addresses the question of how the effectiveness of incubators can be evaluated and concludes by discussing the North Carolina Incubator Facilities Program.
River Analysis and Climate Change: Continuous Prediction of Clay-Bed Erosion in Watts Creek
Creators: name: Brennan, Colin
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Erosion
Hydrologic modelling
Climate model output
Semi-alluvial
Clay-bed
Quantile downscaling

description: Predicted future precipitation is downscaled and used to drive a hydrologic model to assess future erosion potential in a semi-alluvial clay-bed watercourse, Watts Creek. The 21 km2 watershed is predominantly urban, with overall impervious cover of 22%, and the remaining land use split between agricultural and forested areas. Continuous simulations for the open water year, excluding spring freshet (April 1st to October 31st) were performed using the SWMHYMO (Stormwater Management Hydrologic Model) lumped hydrologic modelling platform. A shear stress exceedance and stream power erosion routine was added to the platform to calculate erosion potential. To account for uncertainty in the collected data, nine different observed discharge data sets were used to calibrate the model, each leading to a distinct set of calibrated parameter values. The difference between the observed data sets lies in the choice of rating curves and the collection period. The 2041-2080 precipitation outputs of the fourth version of the Canadian Regional Climate Model (CanRCM4) ran under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5 at the MacDonald Cartier International Airport were downscaled using quantile matching and then used as input to the hydrologic model. For each set of calibrated parameters, a cumulative effective work index (CWI) based on the reach-averaged shear stress was calculated for Watts Creek during the open water year using both the historic (1968 2007) and projected future (2041-2080) flows, using a bed material critical shear stress for entrainment of 3.7 Pa. Results suggest an increase of 75% (resp. 139%) under RCP4.5 (resp. RCP8.5) in CWI compared to historic conditions for the average measured bed strength. The work index increase is driven by an increased occurrence of above-threshold events, and more importantly by the increased frequency of large events. The predicted flow regime under climate change would significantly alter the erosion potential and stability of Watts Creek. A channel adjustment sensitivity analysis, which balances future erosion potential with historic potential, was implemented and indicated that the channel could widen in the future from the current bankfull width of 6.1 m to 8.2 m for RCP4.5 and 10.2 m for RCP8.5. Specific morphological behaviour should be investigated in more detail, particularly to assess if the governing erosion mechanism is seasonally dependent, perhaps incising during spring freshet and widening when the bed is vegetated in the summer.
Site Thinking, Future Flexibility, Infill Thinking, an alternative approach to greenfield subdivision design in Melbourne's growth areas
Creators: name: Teschendorff, Delia
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Architectural design
Urban design

description: This thesis argues that the initial subdivision design in Melbourne’s growth areas presents a critical opportunity to get the fundamentals right to ensure the creation of more human scaled, sustainable and climate resilient communities. More flexible, adaptable subdivision models are needed in growth areas that enable more dense and diverse housing options, and that have a more meaningful engagement with place, creating greater areas for biodiversity and land regeneration. To address this need, this thesis argues for ‘Site Thinking’, ‘Future Flexibility’ and ‘Infill Thinking’ approaches to greatly improve subdivision design outcomes. This thesis demonstrates the potential and important role that design thinking and design research could play in enabling positive change in suburban growth areas. NOTE: This manuscript is best viewed by downloading and using the 'two-page view option' of your PDF reader.
From Entanglement Witness to Generalized Catalan Numbers
Creators: name: Cohen, Eliahu
name: Hansen, Tobias
name: Itzhaki, Nissan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The problem of entanglement detection for arbitrary spin systems is analyzed. We demonstrate how a single measurement of the squared total spin can probabilistically discern separable from entangled many-particle states. For achieving this goal, we construct a tripartite analogy between the degeneracy of entanglement witness eigenstates, tensor products of $SO(3)$ representations and classical lattice walks with special constraints. Within this framework, degeneracies are naturally given by generalized Catalan numbers and determine the fraction of states that are decidedly entangled and also known to be somewhat protected against decoherence. In addition, we introduce the concept of a "sterile entanglement witness", which for large enough systems detects entanglement without affecting much the system's state. We discuss when our proposed entanglement witness can be regarded as a sterile one.
description: v2 includes a few additions
Carleson and Sampling measures on Bernstein spaces on Siegel CR Manifolds
Creators: name: Calzi, Mattia
name: Peloso, Marco M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32A15, 32A37, 32A50, 46E22

description: In this paper we introduce and study Carleson and sampling measures on Bernstein spaces on a class of quadratic CR manifold called Siegel CR manifolds. These are spaces of entire functions of exponential type whose restrictions to the given Siegel CR manifold are $L^p$-integrable with respect to a natural measure. For these spaces, we prove necessary and sufficients conditions for a Radon measure to be a Carleson or a sampling measure. We also provide sufficient conditions for sampling sequences.
description: 24 pages, no figures
title: A preliminary study: can the hypostasis effect of the lung on CT reflect small airway resistance?
Creators: name: Xu, Zhigao
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Chronic obstructive airways disease

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Background and Purpose: In clinical practice, we found that if hypostasis effect could be seen in pulmonary CT study, itlikely related with status of breath holding. We suppose that increased intra thoracic pressure due to breath holding inhibits...
title: Extraosseous myeloma: imaging features
Creators: name: Santos Montón, Cecilia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Haematologic diseases
subject: Screening
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Haematologic
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: -To review the imaging findings of extraosseous myeloma. -To stand out the importance of knowing this unusual myeloma manifestation. -To know the differential diagnosis of this...
Highly Stretchable MoS$_2$ Kirigami
Creators: name: Hanakata, Paul Z.
name: Qi, Zenan
name: Campbell, David K.
name: Park, Harold S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of classical molecular dynamics simulations focused on studying the mechanical properties of MoS$_{2}$ kirigami. Several different kirigami structures were studied based upon two simple non-dimensional parameters, which are related to the density of cuts, as well as the ratio of the overlapping cut length to the nanoribbon length. Our key finding is significant enhancements in tensile yield (by a factor of four) and fracture strains (by a factor of six) as compared to pristine MoS$_{2}$ nanoribbons. These results in conjunction with recent results on graphene suggest that the kirigami approach may be a generally useful one for enhancing the ductility of two-dimensional nanomaterials.
Homes for the Homeless: An Interview with Sister Joan Kirby
Creators: name: Boykins, Irving
name: Walter, Heidi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: In recognition of 1987 as "International Year of the Homeless," and because Homes for the Homeless represents an innovative approach to a planning-related problem, Carolina planning interviewed Sister Joan Kirby, Executive Director of Homes for the Homeless.
title: Optimization of Contrast Enhancement Technique in Abdominal CT Perfusion
Creators: name: Yoshikawa, Takeshi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Pancreas
subject: Liver
subject: Gastrointestinal tract

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: BACKGROUND Advantages of abdominal CT perfusion (CTP) are minimally invasive technique high ability for quantification wide distribution of CT scanner low cost Abdominal CTP has been suggested to be useful in detection of hepatic micrometastasis...
Annihilators and dimensions of the singularity category
Creators: name: Liu, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 2020: 13D09(primary), 13D07, 16G50, 18E35 (secondary)

description: Let R be a commutative noetherian ring. We prove that if R is either an equidimensional finitely generated algebra over a perfect field, or an equidimensional equicharacteristic complete local ring with a perfect residue field, then the annihilator of the singularity category of R coincides with the Jacobian ideal of R up to radical. We establish a relation between the annihilator of the singularity category of R and the cohomological annihilator of R under some mild assumptions. Finally, we give an upper bound for the dimension of the singularity category of an equicharacteristic excellent local ring with isolated singularity. This extends a result of Dao and Takahashi to non Cohen-Macaulay rings.
description: 16 pages. Any comments are welcome!