cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Probing dissipation in spreading drops with granular suspensions
Creators: name: Pelosse, Alice
name: Guazzelli, Élisabeth
name: Roché, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we study the spreading of droplets of density-matched granular suspensions on the surface of a solid. Bidispersity of the particle size distribution enriches the conclusions drawn from monodisperse experiments by highlighting key elements of the wetting dynamics. In all cases, the relation between the dynamic contact angle and the velocity of the contact line follows a similar relation as that of a simple fluid, despite the complexity introduced by the presence of particles. We extract from this relation an apparent wetting viscosity of the suspensions that differs from that measured in the bulk. Dimensional analysis supported by experimental measurements yields estimate of the size of the region inside the droplet where the value of the dynamic contact angle depends on a balance of viscous dissipation and capillary stresses. Depending on how particle size compares with this viscous cut-off length seems crucial in determining the value of the apparent wetting viscosity. With bimodal blends, the particle size ratio can be used to show the effects of the local structure and volume fraction at the contact line, both impacting the value of the corresponding wetting viscosity.
description: Accepted version
Systematic Review: Reducing Dietary Sodium Decreases Stroke but Not All Cause Mortality or Cardiovascular Disease
Creators: name: Meredith, Richard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Background: The relationship between dietary sodium and mortality is poorly characterized. Recent reviews and studies offer contradictory results. Purpose: To compare the benefits and harms of dietary sodium reduction. Data Sources: MEDLINE from inception through April 2012, English language restriction. Study Selection: Prospective cohort studies, randomized controlled trials, and cluster randomized controlled trials that quantitatively compare a low versus high sodium diet with follow up greater than 2.5 years. Secondary prevention studies are excluded. Data Extraction: One reviewer selected studies for inclusion. One reviewer abstracted data with second checking by another reviewer. Two reviewer independently assessed study quality. Data Synthesis: Twenty studies, 1 cluster randomized controlled trial (fair quality), 4 randomized controlled trials (2 good quality, 2 fair quality), and 15 prospective cohort studies (all fair quality) met inclusion criteria. 1 study was excluded for a high risk of bias. Included studies contributed a total of 248,895 unique individuals for analysis. 10 studies had a follow-up greater than 10 years. Dietary sodium reduction had a pooled all cause mortality HR [95% CI] of 1.00 [0.92 to 1.07], a pooled cardiovascular mortality HR [95% CI] of 0.95 [0.76 to 1.15], a pooled cardiovascular RR [95% CI] of 1.00 [0.77 to 1.12] at study end, a pooled stroke mortality HR [95%] of 0.77 [0.59 to 0.97], and a pooled stroke HR [95% CI] of 0.90 [0.84 to 0.95]. Studies with a baseline dietary sodium above 4000 mg per day showed a benefit of sodium reduction with a pooled all cause mortality HR [95% CI] of 0.90 [0.82 to 0.98]. All results have a low strength of evidence. Limitations: A majority of studies are fair quality cohort studies prone to confounding. There are few high quality studies with enough power to drive conclusions. Interstudy variability is high. These results do not apply to a secondary prevention population. Conclusions: Reducing dietary sodium did not improve all cause mortality or cardiovascular disease risk. Sodium reduction does appear to decrease stroke risk. A dose response relationship between dietary sodium and outcomes is needed to identify an optimal level of sodium consumption.
title: Usefulness of multi-arterial phase with CAIPIRINHA in gadoxetic acid liver magnetic resonance: qualitative and quantitative analysis of image quality and hypervascular lesions characterisation
Creators: name: Battisti, Giacomo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: Abdomen
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To determine whether a multi-arterial CAIPIRINHA technique improves accuracy in the characterization of liver hypervascular lesions. This paper reports the results of a retrospective study performed to determine whether a multi-arterial phase...
Magnetic-Field Induced Deformation in Hybrid Stars
Creators: name: Rather, Ishfaq A.
name: Rather, Asloob A.
name: Dexheimer, V.
name: Lopes, Ilídio
name: Usmani, A. A.
name: Patra, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of strong magnetic fields on the deconfinement phase transition expected to take place in the interior of massive neutron stars are studied in detail for the first time. For hadronic matter, the very general density-dependent relativistic mean-field (DD-RMF) model is employed, while the simple, but effective vector-enhanced bag model (vBag) model is used to study quark matter. Magnetic-field effects are incorporated into the matter equation of state and in the general-relativity solutions, which also satisfy Maxwell's equations. We find that for large values of magnetic dipole moment, the maximum mass, canonical mass radius, and dimensionless tidal deformability obtained for stars using spherically symmetric Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equations and axisymmetric solutions attained through the LORENE library differ considerably. The deviations depend on the stiffness of the equation of state and on the star mass being analyzed. This points to the fact that, unlike what was assumed previously in the literature, magnetic field thresholds for the approximation of isotropic stars and the acceptable use of TOV equations depend on the matter composition and interactions.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 3 Tables
title: Accelerated reductions of cortical thickness in never treated schizophrenia patients with disease duration over 5 years
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenjing
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Anatomy
subject: MR
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Computer Applications-3D

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Since the hypothesis of neuroprogressive changes in schizophrenia was put forward by Kraepelin in his concept of dementia praecox [1], the possibility of progressive brain changes in schizophrenia has been of sustained interest. Across longitudinal...
Efficient free-space to chip coupling of ultrafast sub-ps THz pulse for biomolecule fingerprint sensing
Creators: name: Qiu, Yanbing
name: Meng, Kun
name: Wang, Wanling
name: Chen, Jing
name: Cunningham, John
name: Robertson, Ian
name: Hong, Binbin
name: Wang, Guo Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast sub-ps THz pulse conveys rich distinctive spectral fingerprints related to the vibrational or rotational modes of biomolecules and can be used to resolve the time-dependent dynamics of the motions. Thus, an efficient platform for enhancing the THz light-matter interaction is strongly demanded. Waveguides, owing to their tightly spatial confinement of the electromagnetic fields and the longer interaction distance, are promising platforms. However, the efficient feeding of the sub-ps THz pulse to the waveguides remains challenging due to the ultra-wide bandwidth property of the ultrafast signal. We propose a sensing chip comprised of a pair of back-to-back Vivaldi antennas and a 90° bent slotline waveguide to overcome the challenge. The effective operating bandwidth of the sensing chip ranges from 0.2 to 1.15 THz, with the free-space to chip coupling efficiency up to 50%. Over the entire band, the THz signal is 42.44 dB above the noise level with a peak of 73.40 dB. To take advantages of the efficient sensing chip, we have measured the characteristic fingerprint of α-lactose monohydrate, and a sharp absorption dip at near 0.53 THz has been successfully observed demonstrating the accuracy of the proposed solution. The proposed sensing chip has the advantages of efficient in-plane coupling, ultra-wide bandwidth, easy integration and fabrication, large-scale manufacturing capability, and cost-effective, and can be a strong candidate for THz light-matter interaction platform.
description: Corresponding authors: Binbin Hong's E-mail: b.hong@szu.edu.cn; Guo Ping Wang's E-mail: gpwang@szu.edu.cn
title: CBCT in examination of maxillary canine impaction
Creators: name: Petcu, Ana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Head and neck

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To present the using of CBCT imaging in cases of impacted maxillary canines describing their relationship with the adjacent structures and to compare it with conventional radiographic method:...
Chiral symmetry restoration versus deconfinement in heavy-ion collisions at high baryon density
Creators: name: Cassing, W.
name: Palmese, A.
name: Moreau, P.
name: Bratkovskaya, E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the production of strange hadrons in nucleus-nucleus collisions from 4 to 160 A GeV within the Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) transport approach that is extended to incorporate essentials aspects of chiral symmetry restoration (CSR) in the hadronic sector (via the Schwinger mechanism) on top of the deconfinement phase transition as implemented in PHSD. Especially the $K^+/π^+$ and the $(Λ+Σ^0)/π^-$ ratios in central Au+Au collisions are found to provide information on the relative importance of both transitions. The modelling of chiral symmetry restoration is driven by the pion-nucleon $Σ$-term in the computation of the quark scalar condensate $$ that serves as an order parameter for CSR and also scales approximately with the effective quark masses $m_s$ and $m_q$. Furthermore, the nucleon scalar density $ρ_s$, which also enters the computation of $$, is evaluated within the nonlinear $σ-ω$ model which is constraint by Dirac-Brueckner calculations and low energy heavy-ion reactions. The Schwinger mechanism (for string decay) fixes the ratio of strange to light quark production in the hadronic medium. We find that above $\sim$80 A GeV the reaction dynamics of heavy nuclei is dominantly driven by partonic degrees-of-freedom such that traces of the chiral symmetry restoration are hard to identify. Our studies support the conjecture of 'quarkyonic matter' in heavy-ion collisions from about 5 to 40 A GeV and provide a microscopic explanation for the maximum in the $K^+/π^+$ ratio at about 30 A GeV which only shows up if a transition to partonic degrees-of-freedom is incorporated in the reaction dynamics and is discarded in the traditional hadron-string models.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Critical and Topological Phases of Dimerized Kitaev Chain in Presence of Quasiperiodic Potential
Creators: name: Roy, Shilpi
name: Nabi, Sk Noor
name: Basu, Saurabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate localization and topological properties of a dimerized Kitaev chain with p-wave superconducting correlations and a quasiperiodically modulated chemical potential. With regard to the localization studies, we demonstrate the existence of distinct phases, such as, the extended phase, the critical (intermediate) phase, and the localized phase that arise due to the competition between the dimerization and the onsite quasiperiodic potential. Most interestingly, the critical phase comprises of two different mobility edges that are found to exist between the extended to the localized phase, and between the critical (multifractal) and localized phases. We perform our analysis employing the inverse and the normalized participation ratios, fractal dimension, and the level spacing. Subsequently, a finite-size analysis is done to provide support of our findings. Furthermore, we study the topological properties of the zero-energy edge modes via computing the real-space winding number and number of the Majorana zero modes present in the system. We specifically illustrate that our model exhibits a phase transition from a topologically trivial to a non-trivial phase (topological Anderson phase) beyond a critical dimerization strength under the influence of the quasiperiodic potential strength. Finally, in presence of a large potential, we demonstrate that the system undergoes yet another transition from the topologically non-trivial to an Anderson localized phase. Thus, we believe that our results will aid exploration of fundamentally different physics pertaining to the critical and the topological Anderson phases.
description: Comments are welcome
A deep learning energy-based method for classical elastoplasticity
Creators: name: He, Junyan
name: Abueidda, Diab
name: Al-Rub, Rashid Abu
name: Koric, Seid
name: Jasiuk, Iwona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The deep energy method (DEM) has been used to solve the elastic deformation of structures with linear elasticity, hyperelasticity, and strain-gradient elasticity material models based on the principle of minimum potential energy. In this work, we extend DEM to elastoplasticity problems involving path dependence and irreversibility. A loss function inspired by the discrete variational formulation of plasticity is proposed. The radial return algorithm is coupled with DEM to update the plastic internal state variables without violating the Kuhn-Tucker consistency conditions. Finite element shape functions and their gradients are used to approximate the spatial gradients of the DEM-predicted displacements, and Gauss quadrature is used to integrate the loss function. Four numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the use of the framework, such as generating stress-strain curves in cyclic loading, material heterogeneity, performance comparison with other physics-informed methods, and simulation/inference on unstructured meshes. In all cases, the DEM solution shows decent accuracy compared to the reference solution obtained from the finite element method. The current DEM model marks the first time that energy-based physics-informed neural networks are extended to plasticity, and offers promising potential to effectively solve elastoplasticity problems from scratch using deep neural networks.
Sponsorship of extracurricular activities and the happiness of educators
Creators: name: Sharpe, Dylan Kaye
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Student activities

description: Academic scholarship had not extensively investigated whether sponsoring, coaching, or leading (sponsoring) school based extracurricular activities (ECAs) influenced the sense of happiness experienced by educators. The present author hypothesized that extracurricular activity (ECA) sponsorship would lead to an increase in an educator’s sense of emotional happiness with their school community. The existing thesis’ author proposed the following research question: To what degree, if any, does sponsoring ECAs in an elementary school setting increase an educator’s sense of happiness? Within the current thesis, a thematic literature review examined influences on educator wellness, barriers to sponsoring, and the benefits of extracurricular activities for educators. Hills and Argyle’s (2002) Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) provided measures of happiness to test the existing hypothesis. An anonymized, five-member sample, consisting of an unknown combination of teachers, vice principals, and principals (educators) from Nanaimo-Ladysmith School District 68 (SD68), completed the OHQ before, and after, a minimal six-week period of ECA sponsorship. The mean for the existing sample’s OHQ responses statistically verified that sponsoring ECAs had not increased the sample’s sense of happiness. Supplementary statistical data analyzed from the sample’s OHQ responses corroborated that the present study had resulted in a null hypothesis. Research errors made by present author have limited the existing study’s implications and contributions relating to academic scholarship.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/6489/Sharpe.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
title: Quantitative Evaluation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values and Permeability Parameters from Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MR in Both Tumor Parenchyma and Peritumoral Area for Distinction of Brain Tumors
Creators: name: Chu, Jian
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Metastases

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Preoperative accurate brain tumor diagnosis plays an essential role in the selection of the optimum treatment strategy, as their management and prognosis are different. However, conventional structural imaging for accurate tumor diagnosis and...
Quantum critical behaviors and decoherence of weakly coupled quantum Ising models within an isolated global system
Creators: name: Franchi, Alessio
name: Pelissetto, Andrea
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the quantum dynamics of an isolated composite system consisting of weakly interacting many-body subsystems. We focus on one of the subsystems, S, and study the dependence of its quantum correlations and decoherence rate on the state of the weakly-coupled complementary part E, which represents the environment. As a theoretical laboratory, we consider a composite system made of two stacked quantum Ising chains, locally and homogeneously weakly coupled. One of the chains is identified with the subsystem S under scrutiny, and the other one with the environment E. We investigate the behavior of S at equilibrium, when the global system is in its ground state, and under out-of-equilibrium conditions, when the global system evolves unitarily after a soft quench of the coupling between S and E. When S develops quantum critical correlations in the weak-coupling regime, the associated scaling behavior crucially depends on the quantum state of E whether it is characterized by short-range correlations (analogous to those characterizing disordered phases in closed systems), algebraically decaying correlations (typical of critical systems), or long-range correlations (typical of magnetized ordered phases). In particular, different scaling behaviors, depending on the state of E, are observed for the decoherence of the subsystem S, as demonstrated by the different power-law divergences of the decoherence susceptibility that quantifies the sensitivity of the coherence to the interaction with E.
description: 19 pages
Human Papilloma Virus in the United States: What Males Need to Know?
Creators: name: Herndon, Jeffrey Mitchell
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Sex. Most individuals have had or will have sexual intercourse or sexual activity at some point in their lives. When individuals have sexual activity, regardless of their age, gender, race, ethnicity, marital status or sexual orientation, there is a level of risk with contracting a sexually transmitted infection (STI). STIs are common among the United States population, as more than half of all people in the United States will have an STI at some point in their lifetime (Koutsky, 1997). One of the most common of these STIs is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Of the more than 100 types of HPV that can affect various parts of the body, 30 are regarded as transmitted primarily through sexual activity. As stated by many organizations including the American Social Health Association (ASHA), genital HPV is common. It is contracted by approximately 80% of sexually active women and men at some point during their lifetime (Koutsky, 1997). Further, more than half of all STI cases were among adolescents and young adults between the ages of 15 and 24 during the year 2000, with 88% of those new STI cases resulting from HPV, trichomoniasis and Chlamydia (Weinstock, 2004). Specific to HPV overall, there are approximately 6.2 million new cases each year in the United States (Steinbrook, 2006). Genital HPV is most often a minor, asymptomatic condition that is typically held under control by an individual’s immune system. Still, according to many sources including the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), certain HPV types can serve as co-factors for cancers of the cervix, vagina, vulva, and anus in women, and of the penis and anus in men (IARC, 1995). Of these conditions, cervical cancer is the most common and is more commonly associated with high risk types of HPV (CDC, 3 2009). HPV information and awareness efforts are often targeted more toward the female population as cervical cancer can only occur in females. Additionally, HPV tends to only cause benign symptoms in men such as genital warts or bumps, whereas it can cause cervical cancer precursors (cervical dysplasia) in women. Although it is important for women to become educated about HPV, males are also in need of information on the virus. The intent of this paper is to identify the prevalence, characteristics, and issues surrounding HPV and discuss how topics such as awareness, symptoms, testing, treatment, risk reduction, vaccines, and psychosocial issues surrounding the virus, should be communicated to the male population.
Blue Monsters. Why are JWST super-early, massive galaxies so blue?
Creators: name: Ziparo, Francesco
name: Ferrara, Andrea
name: Sommovigo, Laura
name: Kohandel, Mahsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent JWST tentative discovery of a population of super-early (redshift $z> 10$), relatively massive (stellar mass $M_* = 10^{8-9} M_{\odot}$) and evolved (metallicity $Z \approx 0.1 Z_{\odot}$) galaxies, which nevertheless show blue ($β\simeq -2.6$) spectra, and very small dust attenuation ($A_{\rm V} \leq 0.02$), challenges our interpretation of these systems. To solve the puzzle we propose two solutions in which dust is either (a) ejected by radiation pressure, or (b) segregated with respect to UV-emitting regions. We clarify the conditions for which the two scenarios apply, and show that they can be discriminated by ALMA observations, such as the recent non-detection of the $88μm$ dust continuum in GHZ2 ($z\simeq 12$) favouring dust ejection.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Analysis of early release JWST data. Accepted for publication on MNRAS
Interpolation-based immersed finite element and isogeometric analysis
Creators: name: Fromm, Jennifer E.
name: Wunsch, Nils
name: Xiang, Ru
name: Zhao, Han
name: Maute, Kurt
name: Evans, John A.
name: Kamensky, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a new paradigm for immersed finite element and isogeometric methods based on interpolating function spaces from an unfitted background mesh into Lagrange finite element spaces defined on a foreground mesh that captures the domain geometry but is otherwise subject to minimal constraints on element quality or connectivity. This is a generalization of the concept of Lagrange extraction from the isogeometric analysis literature and also related to certain variants of the finite cell and material point methods. Crucially, the interpolation may be approximate without sacrificing high-order convergence rates, which distinguishes the present method from existing finite cell, CutFEM, and immersogeometric approaches. The interpolation paradigm also permits non-invasive reuse of existing finite element software for immersed analysis. We analyze the properties of the interpolation-based immersed paradigm for a model problem and implement it on top of the open-source FEniCS finite element software, to apply it to a variety of problems in fluid, solid, and structural mechanics where we demonstrate high-order accuracy and applicability to practical geometries like trimmed spline patches.
A toolkit for decision making through gamification
Creators: name: Vogel, Kristen D.
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Decision making
subject: Gamification

description: This project incorporated the core competencies of critical thinking, communication, positive personal and cultural identity in the redesigned BC curriculum through the vehicle of decisionmaking. Decision-making based on values is a framework of decision making that is used in tough environmental or government decisions and is based on what is important to the organization or the issue at large. In the use of this framework, students will gain a better understanding of what is important to them and will encourage them to examine the different perspectives in decision-making, thus allowing them to examine diversity and how diversity plays a big part in decisions that we make. Gamification will be used to engage students in understanding the key components of decision-making. A role playing collaborative game using perspective taking and decision-making was created and the students work cooperatively through problems or decisions using the steps of the value focused framework to build a harmonious society through game play.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/6490/Vogel.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
title: Non-malignant breast biopsies in a breast screening unit, an audit of a five-year period
Creators: name: Omay, Burak
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Screening
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer
subject: Pathology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To assess the non-malignant biopsy results of a United Kingdom based Breast Screening Centre and to evaluate the benign biopsy rates for individual BI-RADS...
Bright high-order harmonic generation with controllable polarization from a relativistic plasma mirror
Creators: name: Chen, Zi-Yu
name: Pukhov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast extreme ultraviolet (XUV) sources with a controllable polarization state are powerful tools for investigating the structural and electronic as well as the magnetic properties of materials. However, such light sources are still limited to only a few free-electron laser facilities and, very recently, to high-order harmonic generation from noble gases. Here we propose and numerically demonstrate a laser-plasma scheme to generate bright XUV pulses with fully controlled polarization. In this scheme, an elliptically-polarized laser pulse is obliquely incident on a plasma surface, and the reflected radiation contains pulse trains and isolated circularly- or highly-elliptically-polarized attosecond XUV pulses. The harmonic polarization state is fully controlled by the laser-plasma parameters. The mechanism can be explained within the relativistically oscillating mirror model. This scheme opens a practical and promising route to generate bright attosecond XUV pulses with desirable ellipticities in a straightforward and efficient way for a number of applications.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Non-local polarization alignment and control in fiber using feedback from correlated measurements of entangled photons
Creators: name: Dowling, Evan
name: Morris, Mark
name: Baumgartner, Gerald
name: Roy, Rajarshi
name: Murphy, Thomas E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum measurements that use the entangled photons' polarization to encode quantum information require calibration and alignment of the measurement bases between spatially separate observers. Because of the changing birefringence in optical fibers arising from temperature fluctuations or external mechanical vibrations, the polarization state at the end of a fiber channel is unpredictable and time-varying. Polarization tracking and stabilization methods originally developed for classical optical communications cannot be applied to polarization-entangled photons, where the separately detected photons are statistically unpolarized, yet quantum mechanically correlated. We report here a fast method for automatic alignment and dynamic tracking of the polarization measurement bases between spatially separated detectors. The system uses the Nelder-Mead simplex method to minimize the observed coincidence rate between non-locally measured entangled photon pairs, without relying on classical wavelength-multiplexed pilot tones or temporally interleaved polarized photons. Alignment and control is demonstrated in a 7.1 km deployed fiber loop as well as in a controlled drifting scenario.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
title: Identification and numbering of lumbar vertebrae using various anatomical landmarks on MRI of lumbosacral spine
Creators: name: Patil, Shahabazali
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Image verification

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To look at the usefulness of anatomical landmarks in numbering of lumbosacral vertebrae in MRI reporting. Comparison of outcome results with the available published...
Introducing inclusive education to Chinese teachers
Creators: name: Wu, Xiaojuan (Rebecca)
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Inclusive education--China

description: This thesis explores how to help Chinese teachers build an inclusive mentality so as to facilitate inclusive education in their classes. Different definitions, characteristics, and benefits of inclusion are explored. To respond to the less than ideal state of inclusive education in China, a series of workshops was designed. The intention of these workshops is two-fold: first, to help teachers in China to better understand inclusive education, what it entails, and the values underlying it; second, to offer these teachers various practices that will make their classrooms more inclusive. The workshops consist of four main parts: inclusive mindset, humorous class, multiple intelligences, and inclusive assessment.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/6491/Wu.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
title: MRgFUS new applications in musculoskeletal pathology: a miscellaneous case review
Creators: name: Facchini, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: MR
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Inflammation
subject: Neoplasia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) of the musculoskeletal system achieved significant results in the treatment of painful bone metastases [1], and recently showed promising results for benign bone lesions (e.g. osteoid...
TESS-Keck Survey XIV: Two giant exoplanets from the Distant Giants Survey
Creators: name: Van Zandt, Judah E.
name: Petigura, Erik A.
name: MacDougall, Mason
name: Gilbert, Gregory J.
name: Lubin, Jack
name: Barclay, Thomas
name: Batalha, Natalie M.
name: Crossfield, Ian J. M.
name: Dressing, Courtney
name: Fulton, Benjamin
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Kane, Stephen R.
name: Robertson, Paul
name: Roy, Arpita
name: Weiss, Lauren M.
name: Behmard, Aida
name: Beard, Corey
name: Chontos, Ashley
name: Dai, Fei
name: Dalba, Paul A.
name: Fetherolf, Tara
name: Giacalone, Steven
name: Henze, Christopher E.
name: Hill, Michelle L.
name: Hirsch, Lea A.
name: Holcomb, Rae
name: Howell, Steve B.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Latham, David W.
name: Mayo, Andrew
name: Mireles, Ismael
name: Mocnik, Teo
name: Murphy, Joseph M. Akana
name: Pidhorodetska, Daria
name: Polanski, Alex S.
name: Ricker, George R.
name: Rosenthal, Lee J.
name: Rubenzahl, Ryan A.
name: Seager, Sara
name: Scarsdale, Nicholas
name: Turtleboom, Emma V.
name: Vanderspek, Roland
name: Winn, Joshua N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Distant Giants Survey, a three-year radial velocity (RV) campaign to measure P(DG|CS), the conditional occurrence of distant giant planets (DG; M_p ~ 0.3 - 13 M_J, P > 1 year) in systems hosting a close-in small planet (CS; R_p < 10 R_E). For the past two years, we have monitored 47 Sun-like stars hosting small transiting planets detected by TESS. We present the selection criteria used to assemble our sample and report the discovery of two distant giant planets, TOI-1669 b and TOI-1694 c. For TOI-1669 b we find that Msin i = 0.573 +/- 0.074 M_J, P = 502 +/- 16 days, and e < 0.27, while for TOI-1694 c, Msin i = 1.05 +/- 0.05 M_J, P = 389.2 +/- 3.9 days, and e = 0.18 +/- 0.05. We also confirmed the 3.8-day transiting planet TOI-1694 b by measuring a true mass of M = 26.1 +/- 2.2 M_E. We also confirmed the 3.8-day transiting planet TOI-1694 b by measuring a true mass of M = 26.1 +/- 2.2 M_E. At the end of the Distant Giants Survey, we will incorporate TOI-1669 b and TOI-1694 c into our calculation of P(DG|CS), a crucial statistic for understanding the relationship between outer giants and small inner companions.
Probing Large Scale Ionizing Background Fluctuation with Lyman $α$ Forest and Galaxy Cross-correlation at z=2.4
Creators: name: Long, Heyang
name: Hirata, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The amplitude of the metagalactic ultraviolet background (UVB) at large-scales is impacted by two factors. First, it naturally attenuates at scales larger than mean-free-path of UVB photons due to the absorption by neutral intergalactic medium. Second, there are discrete and rare ionizing sources distributing in the Universe, emitting the UVB photons, and thus enhancing the local UVB amplitude. Therefore, for cosmological probe that is sensitive to the UVB amplitude and capable of detecting the large scale like Lyman-$α$ forest spectrum, the fluctuation due to the clustering of ionizing sources becomes a significant factor for Lyman-$α$ flux transmission and leave imprints on Lyman-$α$ flux power spectrum at these large scales. In this work, we make use of a radiative transfer model that parametrizes the UVB source distribution by its bias $b_{\rm j}$ and shot noise $\overline{n}_{\rm j}$. We estimate the constraints on this model through the cross-correlation between Lyman-$α$ forest survey and galaxy survey, using the DESI Lyman-$α$ forest survey and the Roman Space Telescope emission line galaxy survey as an example. We show the detection sensitivity improvement for UVB parameters from disjoint to maximal overlap of DESI+Roman survey strategy. We also show that the degeneracy of two ionizing source parameters can be broken by increasing the overlapping survey area. Our results motivate survey strategies more dedicated to probe the UVB large-scale fluctuations.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. Added quasar lifetime modeling, consistent with published version on MNRAS
title: Amyand's hernia
Creators: name: Özkul, Bahattin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Education and training

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: When vermiform appendix is found in the inguinal hernial sac, the condition is called Amyand’s hernia [1] . Our purpose is to present the CT findings in a case of Amyand’s...
On selfdual spin-connections and Asymptotic Safety
Creators: name: Harst, Ulrich
name: Reuter, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore Euclidean quantum gravity using the tetrad field together with a selfdual or anti-selfdual spin-connection as the basic field variables. Setting up a functional renormalization group (RG) equation of a new type which is particularly suitable for the corresponding theory space we determine the non-perturbative RG flow within a two-parameter truncation suggested by the Holst action. We find that the (anti-)selfdual theory is likely to be asymptotically safe. The existing evidence for its non-perturbative renormalizability is comparable to that of Einstein-Cartan gravity without the selfduality condition.
description: 14 pages, 4 fgures
Defect characterization studies on neutron irradiated boron-doped silicon pad diodes and Low Gain Avalanche Detectors
Creators: name: Himmerlich, Anja
name: Castello-Mor, Nuria
name: Rivera, Esteban Curras
name: Gurimskaya, Yana
name: Maulerova-Subert, Vendula
name: Moll, Michael
name: Pintilie, Ioana
name: Fretwurst, Eckhart
name: Liao, Chuan
name: Schwandt, Jorn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-energy physics detectors, like Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) that will be used as fast timing detectors in the High Luminosity LHC experiments, have to exhibit a significant radiation tolerance. Thereby the impact of radiation on the highly boron-doped gain layer that enables the internal charge multiplication, is of special interest, since due to the so-called Acceptor Removal Effect (ARE) a radiation-induced deactivation of active boron dopants takes place. In this paper we present defect-spectroscopy measurements (Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy and Thermally Stimulated Current technique) on neutron irradiated p-type silicon pad diodes of different resistivity as well as LGADs irradiated at fluences up to 1 x 10^15 neq/cm2. Thereby we show that while for the silicon pad diodes irradiated with electrons, neutrons or protons the determination of defect electronic properties and defect introduction rates is straightforward, DLTS and TSC measurements on LGADs are strongly influenced by the impact of the gain layer. It is shown that the measurability of the capacitance of the gain layer shows a strong frequency and temperature dependence leading to a capacitance drop in DLTS and non-reliable measurement results. With TSC defects formed in the LGADs can be very nicely observed and compared to the defects formed in the silicon pad diodes. However the exact assignment of defects to the gain layer or bulk region remains challenging and the charge amplification effect of the LGADs impacts the exact determination of defect concentrations. Additionally, we will demonstrate that depending on the TSC measurement conditions defect induced residual internal electric fields are built up in the irradiated LGADs that are influencing the current signal of carriers emitted from the defect states.
Architecture for Integrated RF Photonic Downconversion of Electronic Signals
Creators: name: O'Malley, Nathan P.
name: Mckinzie, Keith A.
name: Alshaykh, Mohammed S.
name: Liu, Junqiu
name: Leaird, Daniel E.
name: Kippenberg, Tobias J.
name: Mckinney, Jason D.
name: Weiner, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic analog to digital converters (ADCs) are running up against the well-known bit depth vs bandwidth tradeoff. Towards this end, RF photonic-enhanced ADCs have been the subject of interest for some time. Optical frequency comb technology has been used as a workhorse underlying many of these architectures. Unfortunately, such designs must generally grapple with SWaP concerns, as well as frequency ambiguity issues which threaten to obscure critical spectral information of detected RF signals. In this work, we address these concerns via an RF photonic downconverter with potential for easy integration and field deployment by leveraging a novel hybrid microcomb / electro-optic comb design.
description: Original submission replaced after publishing in Optics Letters. The new version includes an updated copyright statement
British Gallup Poll: CQ 015
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1996

description: Government approval rating(1); Thatcher approval rating(1); political party leaders(3); political party(2); 1987 election(2); economic situation(3); price increase(3); personal financial situation(3); unemployment(1); good time to buy(4); wages(3); life in prison(4); prisoner priveleges(6).
A Systematic Review of Interventions to Improve the Communication of Advanced Directives and Medication Administration Records for Elderly Patients Transferring Between Nursing Homes and Acute Care Hospitals
Creators: name: LaMantia, Michael A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Objectives: To conduct a systematic review of the literature to identify interventions that can improve the communication of advanced care directives and accurate and appropriate medication lists for elderly patients transferring between nursing homes and acute care hospitals. Methods: The MEDLINE, ISI, and EBSCO Host databases were searched from inception to February 17, 2008 for appropriate articles. All abstracts identified by a prespecified strategy were reviewed. Studies met inclusion criteria if their design was of a randomized control trial, pre/post observational trial, or post-intervention observational study. Data regarding each study were abstracted from the manuscript by the reviewer to a standardized collection instrument and details regarding type of study, study population, intervention, and results were recorded in evidence tables. Results: Six hundred ninety-six titles were identified by the pre-specified search strategies. Eighteen articles were submitted for full review. Thirteen articles did not meet inclusion/exclusion criteria and five articles were determined to describe interventions that resulted in the enhanced transition of appropriate medication lists or advanced directives between skilled nursing facilities and acute care hospital settings, whether to the emergency department or inpatient units. Of these articles, two articles described interventions that resulted in the enhanced transmission of advanced directives, two articles described interventions that resulted in the better transmission of medication lists, and one article described an intervention that accomplished both of these goals. Conclusions: The accurate communication of key patient information is integral to providing high quality health care to elderly, skilled nursing facility patients transferring to and from acute care hospitals. A standardized patient transfer document may assist with the successful communication of advanced care directives and medication lists, while a pharmacist-developed review of medication lists may help identify omitted or indicated medications on patient transfer. Randomized controlled trials with large number of patients in varied health care systems may be needed to determine the ideal design and medium for a patient transfer document. Further work will be needed to coordinate research efforts and adopt standardized definitions of high quality transitional care.
Measurement of the hyperfine coupling constants and absolute energies of the $8p \ ^2P_{1/2}$ and $8p \ ^2P_{3/2}$ levels in atomic cesium
Creators: name: Quirk, Jonah
name: Sherman, Liam
name: Damitz, Amy
name: Tanner, Carol
name: Elliott, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the hyperfine coupling constant for the $8p \ ^2P_{1/2}$ level of atomic cesium, $^{133}$Cs, with a relative uncertainty of $\sim$0.019\%. Our result is $A = 42.933 \: (8)$ MHz, in good agreement with recent theoretical results. We also examine the hyperfine structure of the $8p \ ^2P_{3/2}$ state, and derive new values for the state energies of the $8p \ ^2P_{1/2}$ and $8p \ ^2P_{3/2}$ states of cesium.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables
title: Added value of us following dual-energy contrast enhanced digital mammography
Creators: name: Sklair-Levy, Miri
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Mammography is the well-established, cost-effective imaging technique for breast cancer detection. However, conventional full-field digital mammography has limitations, with overall sensitivity of 75-85%, especially in dense and treated breasts....
Influence of ion movement on the bound electron g-factor
Creators: name: Michel, Niklas
name: Zatorski, Jacek
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the relativistic description of atomic systems in external fields the total momentum and the external electric field couple to the angular momentum of the individual particles. Therefore, the motional state of an ion in a particle trap influences measurements of internal observables like energy levels or the g-factor. We calculate the resulting relativistic shift of the Larmor frequency and the corresponding g-factor correction for a bound electron in a hydrogen-like ion in the 1S state due to the ion moving in a Penning trap and show that it is negligible at the current precision of measurements. We also show that the analogous energy shift for measurements with an ion in the ground state of a Paul trap vanishes in leading order.