cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Turbulent 4-wave Interaction of Two Type of Waves
Creators: name: Lyutikov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider turbulent 4-wave interaction of two types of waves: acoustic waves (dispersion $ω= k$) and electromagnetic-type waves (dispersion $Ω^2 = m^2 + p^2$). For large wave vectors ($ k \gg m$), when the dispersion of EM-type waves becomes quasiacoustic, the stationary spectra are obtained following a standard Zakharov approach. In the small wave number region ($ k, p \ll m$) we derive nonlinear differential Kompaneets-type kinetic equation for arbitrary distributions of the interacting fields and find when this equation has Kolmogorov-type power law solutions.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Physics Letters A
Microscopic analysis of dipole electric and magnetic strengths in $^{156}$Gd
Creators: name: Nesterenko, V. O.
name: Vishnevskiy, P. I.
name: Reinhard, P. -G.
name: Repko, A.
name: Kvasil, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dipole electric ($E1$) and magnetic ($M1$) strengths in strongly deformed $^{156}$Gd are investigated within a fully self-consistent Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation (QRPA) with Skyrme forces SVbas, SLy6 and SG2. We inspect, on the same theoretical footing, low-lying dipole states and the isovector giant dipole resonance in $E1$ channel and the orbital scissors resonance as well as the spin-flip giant resonance (SFGR) in $M1$ channel. Besides, $E1$ toroidal mode and low-energy spin-flip $M1$ excitations are considered. The deformation splitting and dipole-octupole coupling of electric excitations are analyzed. The origin of SFGR gross structure, impact of the residual interaction and interference of orbital and spin contributions to SFGR are discussed. The effect of the central exchange $\textbf{J}^2$-term from the Skyrme functional is demonstrated. The calculations show a satisfactory agreement with available experimental data, except for the recent NRF measurements of M. Tamkas et al for $M1$ strength at 4-6 MeV, where, in contradiction with our calculations and previous $(p,p')$ data, almost no $M1$ strength was observed.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, 8 tables
Deformed Fredkin model for the $ν{=}5/2$ Moore-Read state on thin cylinders
Creators: name: Voinea, Cristian
name: Pu, Songyang
name: Kirmani, Ammar
name: Ghaemi, Pouyan
name: Rahmani, Armin
name: Papić, Zlatko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a frustration-free model for the Moore-Read quantum Hall state on sufficiently thin cylinders with circumferences $\lesssim 7$ magnetic lengths. While the Moore-Read Hamiltonian involves complicated long-range interactions between triplets of electrons in a Landau level, our effective model is a simpler one-dimensional chain of qubits with deformed Fredkin gates. We show that the ground state of the Fredkin model has high overlap with the Moore-Read wave function and accurately reproduces the latter's entanglement properties. Moreover, we demonstrate that the model captures the dynamical response of the Moore-Read state to a geometric quench, induced by suddenly changing the anisotropy of the system. We elucidate the underlying mechanism of the quench dynamics and show that it coincides with the linearized bimetric field theory. The minimal model introduced here can be directly implemented as a first step towards quantum simulation of the Moore-Read state, as we demonstrate by deriving an efficient circuit approximation to the ground state and implementing it on IBM quantum processor.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures
Machine-learned epidemiology: real-time detection of foodborne illness at scale
Creators: name: Sadilek, Adam
name: Caty, Stephanie
name: DiPrete, Lauren
name: Mansour, Raed
name: Schenk, Tom
name: Bergtholdt, Mark
name: Jha, Ashish
name: Ramaswami, Prem
name: Gabrilovich, Evgeniy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning has become an increasingly powerful tool for solving complex problems, and its application in public health has been underutilized. The objective of this study is to test the efficacy of a machine-learned model of foodborne illness detection in a real-world setting. To this end, we built FINDER, a machine-learned model for real-time detection of foodborne illness using anonymous and aggregated web search and location data. We computed the fraction of people who visited a particular restaurant and later searched for terms indicative of food poisoning to identify potentially unsafe restaurants. We used this information to focus restaurant inspections in two cities and demonstrated that FINDER improves the accuracy of health inspections; restaurants identified by FINDER are 3.1 times as likely to be deemed unsafe during the inspection as restaurants identified by existing methods. Additionally, FINDER enables us to ascertain previously intractable epidemiological information, for example, in 38% of cases the restaurant potentially causing food poisoning was not the last one visited, which may explain the lower precision of complaint-based inspections. We found that FINDER is able to reliably identify restaurants that have an active lapse in food safety, allowing for implementation of corrective actions that would prevent the potential spread of foodborne illness.
Probing hyperbolic polaritons using infrared attenuated total reflectance micro-spectroscopy
Creators: name: Folland, Thomas G.
name: Maß, Tobias W. W.
name: Matson, Joseph R.
name: Nolen, J. Ryan
name: Liu, Song
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Edgar, James H.
name: Taubner, Thomas
name: Caldwell, Joshua D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hyperbolic polariton modes are highly appealing for a broad range of applications in nanophotonics, including surfaced enhanced sensing, sub-diffractional imaging and reconfigurable metasurfaces. Here we show that attenuated total reflectance micro-spectroscopy (ATR) using standard spectroscopic tools can launch hyperbolic polaritons in a Kretschmann-Raether configuration. We measure multiple hyperbolic and dielectric modes within the naturally hyperbolic material hexagonal boron nitride as a function of different isotopic enrichments and flake thickness. This overcomes the technical challenges of measurement approaches based on nanostructuring, or scattering scanning nearfield optical microscopy. Ultimately, our ATR approach allows us to compare the optical properties of small-scale materials prepared by different techniques systematically
description: 13 pages 4 figures
Performance and reliability of concrete specimens under sustained loads
Creators: name: Wan-Wendner, Roman
name: Boumakis, I.
name: Ona Vera, A.C.
name: Botte, Wouter
Publisher: name: The Biot-Bazant Conference
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: This publication is part of the proceedings of the Biot-Bažant Conference on Engineering Mechanics and Physics of Porous Materials, which took place virtually on June 1-3, 2021. It contains a one-page abstract and the video of the talk that was given at the conference.
MOESM3 of Non-negligible greenhouse gases from urban sewer system
Creators: name: Pengkang Jin
name: Yonggang Gu
name: Shi, Xuan
name: Wenna Yang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. A sketch map of the selected research sites in Xiâ an.
title: Geschäftsordnung des Rates der Promovierenden
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Promovierendenrat
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geschäftsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1195
Relaxation terms for anomalous hydrodynamic transport in Weyl semimetals from kinetic theory
Creators: name: Amoretti, Andrea
name: Brattan, Daniel K.
name: Martinoia, Luca
name: Matthaiakakis, Ioannis
name: Rongen, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider as a model of Weyl semimetal thermoelectric transport a $(3+1)$-dimensional charged, relativistic and relaxed fluid with a $U(1)_{V} \times U(1)_{A}$ chiral anomaly. We take into account all possible mixed energy, momentum, electric and chiral charge relaxations, and discover which are compatible with electric charge conservation, Onsager reciprocity and a finite DC conductivity. We find that all relaxations respecting these constraints necessarily render the system open and violate the second law of thermodynamics. We then demonstrate how the relaxations we have found arise from kinetic theory and a modified relaxation time approximation. Our results lead to DC conductivities that differ from those found in the literature opening the path to experimental verification.
description: 26 pages, no figures; v3, acknowledgment added
Nearly Antiferromagnetic Fermi Liquids: A Progress Report
Creators: name: Pines, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I describe recent theoretical and experimental progress in understanding the physical properties of the two dimensional nearly antiferromagnetic Fermi liquids (NAFL's) found in the normal state of the cuprate superconductors. In such NAFL's, the magnetic interaction between planar quasiparticles is strong and peaked at or near the commensurate wave vector, $Q \equiv (π,π)$. For the optimally doped and underdoped systems, the resulting strong antiferromagnetic correlations produce three distinct magnetic phases in the normal state: mean field above $T_{cr}$, pseudoscaling between $T_{cr}$ and $T_*$, and pseudogap below $T_*$. I present arguments which suggest that the physical origin of the pseudogap found in the quasiparticle spectrum below $T_{cr}$ is the formation of a precursor to a spin-density-wave-state, describe the calculations based on this scenario of the dynamical spin susceptibility, Fermi surface evolution, transport, and Hall effect, and summarize the experimental evidence in its support.
description: LATEX + PS figures. To appear in the proceedings of the Euroconference on "Correlations in Unconventional Quantum Liquids," Evora, Portugal, October 1996
Non-perturbative Lorentzian Quantum Gravity, Causality and Topology Change
Creators: name: Ambjorn, J.
name: Loll, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a non-perturbative lattice model of two-dimensional Lorentzian quantum gravity by performing the path integral over geometries with a causal structure. The model can be solved exactly at the discretized level. Its continuum limit coincides with the theory obtained by quantizing 2d continuum gravity in proper-time gauge, but it disagrees with 2d gravity defined via matrix models or Liouville theory. By allowing topology change of the compact spatial slices (i.e. baby universe creation), one obtains agreement with the matrix models and Liouville theory.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures, Latex, uses psfig.sty
Cazypedia : carbohydrate-active enzymes, an introduction
Creators: name: Brumer, Harry
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: CAZypedia is an online, community-driven effort to assemble a comprehensive encyclopedia of the enzymes and binding proteins involved in the synthesis and degradation of complex carbohydrates. An evolving encyclopedia of carbohydrate-active enzymes – ”CAZymes” CAZypedia is inspired by, and closely connected with, the actively curated CAZy Database (www.cazy.org). This session took place on October 27, 2011 in the Lillooet Room of the Irving K. Barber Learning Centre at the University of British Columbia. This presentation can be found at 37:07 - 55:44 in the recording.
MOESM2 of Non-negligible greenhouse gases from urban sewer system
Creators: name: Pengkang Jin
name: Yonggang Gu
name: Shi, Xuan
name: Wenna Yang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. The generation process of CO2 and methane along the sewer system.
What laboratory experiments can teach us about cosmology: A chameleon example
Creators: name: Burrage, Clare
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laboratory experiments can shed light on theories of new physics introduced in order to explain cosmological mysteries, including the nature of dark energy and dark matter. In this article I will focus on one particular example of this, the chameleon model. The chameleon is an example of a theory which could modify gravity on cosmological distance scales, but its non-linear behavior means that it can also be tested with suitably designed laboratory experiments. The aim of this overview is to present recent theoretical developments to the experimental community.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the Proceedings of the International Workshop on Particle Physics at Neutron Sources PPNS 2018, Grenoble, France, May 24-26, 2018
title: Rahmenvorgaben für die Finanzordnung der Studierendenschaft der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Studierendenschaft
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1194
title: Ordnung des Center für Mechanics, Uncertainty and Simulation in Engineering (MUSEN) der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. MUSEN
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1193
$L_p$-spectrum and Lieb-Thirring inequalities for Schrödinger operators on the hyperbolic plane
Creators: name: Hansmann, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper deals with the $L_p$-spectrum of Schrödinger operators on the hyperbolic plane. We establish Lieb-Thirring type inequalities for discrete eigenvalues and study their dependence on $p$. Some bounds on individual eigenvalues are derived as well.
title: Besonderer Teil der Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang „Informatik" der Carl-Friedrich-Gauß-Fakultät an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Fakultät 1
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Prüfungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1192
Revisiting size effects in higher education research productivity
Creators: name: Abramo, Giovanni
name: Cicero, Tindaro
name: D'Angelo, Ciriaco Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The potential occurrence of variable returns to size in research activity is a factor to be considered in choices about the size of research organizations and also in the planning of national research assessment exercises, so as to avoid favoring those organizations that would benefit from such occurrence. The aim of the current work is to improve on weaknesses in past inquiries concerning returns to size through application of a research productivity measurement methodology that is more accurate and robust. The method involves field-standardized measurements that are free of the typical distortions of aggregate measurement by discipline or organization. The analysis is conducted for 183 hard science fields in all 77 Italian universities (time period 2004-2008) and allows detection of potential differences by field.
Chandra Detects Relativistic Broad Absorption Lines from APM 08279+5255
Creators: name: Chartas, G.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Gallagher, S. C.
name: Garmire, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of X-ray broad absorption lines (BALs) from the BALQSO APM 08279+5255 originating from material moving at relativistic velocities with respect to the central source. The large flux magnification by a factor of ~ 100 provided by the gravitational lens effect combined with the large redshift (z = 3.91) of the quasar have facilitated the acquisition of the first high signal-to-noise X-ray spectrum of a quasar containing X-ray BALs. Our analysis of the X-ray spectrum of APM 08279+5255 places the rest-frame energies of the two observed absorption lines at 8.1 and 9.8 keV. The detection of each of these lines is significant at the > 99.9% confidence level based on the F-test. Assuming that the absorption lines are from Fe xxv Kalpha, the implied bulk velocities of the X-ray BALs are ~ 0.2c and ~ 0.4c, respectively. The observed high bulk velocities of the X-ray BALs combined with the relatively short recombination time-scales of the X-ray absorbing gas imply that the absorbers responsible for the X-ray BALs are located at radii of < 2 x 10^(17) cm, within the expected location of the UV absorber. With this implied geometry the X-ray gas could provide the necessary shielding to prevent the UV absorber from being completely ionized by the central X-ray source, consistent with hydrodynamical simulations of line-driven disk winds. Estimated mass-outflow rates for the gas creating the X-ray BALs are typically less than a solar mass per year. Our spectral analysis also indicates that the continuum X-ray emission of APM 08279+5255 is consistent with that of a typical radio-quiet quasar with a spectral slope of Gamma = 1.72(-0.05,+0.06).
description: 12 pages, includes 3 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
On homological properties of the category of $\mathbb{F}_1$-representations over a linear quiver of type $\mathbb{A}_n$
Creators: name: Fu, Changjian
name: Ran, Longjun
name: Yang, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Q$ be a quiver of type $\mathbb{A}_n$ with linear orientation and $\operatorname{rep}(Q,\mathbb{F}_1)$ the category of representations of $Q$ over the virtual field $\mathbb{F}_1$.It is proved that $\operatorname{rep}(Q,\mathbb{F}_1)$ has global dimension $2$ whenever $n\geq 3$ and it is hereditary if $n\leq 2$. As a consequence, the Euler form $\langle L, M\rangle=\sum_{i=0}^\infty (-1)^i\operatorname{dim} \operatorname{Ext}^i(L,M)$ is well-defined. However, it does not descend to the Grothendieck group of $\operatorname{rep}(Q,\mathbb{F}_1)$. This yields negative answers to questions raised by Szczesny in [IMRN, Vol. 2012, No. 10, pp. 237-2404].
description: Minor changes. Acknowledgment is added. To appear in JA. Fixed the typo in the definition of Euler form
Testing the Etherington's distance duality relation at higher redshifts: the combination of radio quasars and gravitational waves
Creators: name: Qi, Jing-Zhao
name: Cao, Shuo
name: Zheng, Chenfa
name: Pan, Yu
name: Li, Zejun
name: Li, Jin
name: Liu, Tonghua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyse the implications of the latest cosmological data sets to test the Etherington's distance duality relation (DDR), which connects the luminosity distance $D_L$ and angular diameter distance $D_A$ at the same redshift. For $D_L$ we consider the simulated data of gravitational waves from the third-generation gravitational wave detector (the Einstein Telescope, ET), which can be considered as standard candles (or standard siren), while the angular diameter distances $D_A$ are derived from the newly-compiled sample of compact radio quasars observed by very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI), which represents a type of new cosmological standard ruler. Alleviating the absorption and scattering effects of dust in the Universe, this will create a valuable opportunity to directly test DDR at much higher precision with the combination of gravitational wave (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) signals. Our results show that, with the combination of the current radio quasar observations, the duality-distance relation can be verified at the precision of $10^{-2}$. Moreover, the Einstein Telescope ET would produce more robust constraints on the validity of such distance duality relation (at the precision of $10^{-3}$), with a larger sample of compact milliarcsecond radio quasars detected in future VLBI surveys.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
title: Besonderer Teil der Prüfungsordnung für den Masterstudiengang „Informatik" der Carl-Friedrich-Gauß-Fakultät an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Fakultät 1
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Prüfungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1191
Additional file 5: of An open access medical knowledge base for community driven diagnostic decision support system development
Creators: name: MĂźller, Lars
name: Gangadharaiah, Rashmi
name: Klein, Simone
name: Perry, James
name: Bernstein, Greg
name: Nurkse, David
name: Wailes, Dustin
name: Rishi Graham
name: El-Kareh, Robert
name: Mehta, Sanjay
name: Staal Vinterbo
name: Eliah Aronoff-Spencer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Overview of evaluation results. (PDF 79 kb)
Relationship between Rheology and Structure of Interpenetrating, Deforming and Compressing Microgels
Creators: name: Conley, Gaurasundar M.
name: Harden, James L.
name: Scheffold, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermosensitive microgels are widely studied hybrid systems combining properties of polymers and colloidal particles in a unique way. Due to their complex morphology their interactions and packing, and consequentially the viscoelastcity of suspensions made from microgels, are still not fully understood, in particular under dense packing conditions. Here we study the frequency-dependent linear viscoelastic properties of dense microgel suspensions in conjunction with an analysis of the local particle structure and morphology based on superresolution microscopy. By identifying the dominating mechanisms that control the elastic and dissipative response, we propose a unified framework that can explain the rheology of these widely studied soft particle assemblies from the onset of elasticity deep into the overpacked regime. Our results clarify the transition and coupling between the regime dominated by fuzzy shell interactions and the one controlled by the densely cross-linked core.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
The boundary integral method for magnetic billiards
Creators: name: Hornberger, Klaus
name: Smilansky, Uzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a boundary integral method for two-dimensional quantum billiards subjected to a constant magnetic field. It allows to calculate spectra and wave functions, in particular at strong fields and semiclassical values of the magnetic length. The method is presented for interior and exterior problems with general boundary conditions. We explain why the magnetic analogues of the field-free single and double layer equations exhibit an infinity of spurious solutions and how these can be eliminated at the expense of dealing with (hyper-)singular operators. The high efficiency of the method is demonstrated by numerical calculations in the extreme semiclassical regime.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures
ENHANCING ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP PROGRAMS WITH NURSE-LED INTERDISCIPLINARY ROUNDS
Creators: name: Forte, Mary Bette
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Every year, millions of people in the United States are diagnosed with a multi-drug resistant organism (MDRO), increasing costs and mortality rates. The overuse and misuse of antimicrobial therapies contribute to the rise in MDROs which causes antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) can help decrease AMR in healthcare settings. The purpose of this project was to develop, implement, and evaluate a nurse-led interdisciplinary ASP within the acute care setting. Bedside nurses completed an online descriptive survey before and after implementing interdisciplinary stewardship rounds. Education on antimicrobial stewardship was provided to the bedside nurses using a web-based educational module, guided script for rounds, and just-in-time training. Shewhart charts were used to determine special and common cause variations related to hospital-onset Clostridium difficile rates, central line-associated bloodstream infections per catheter days, and catheter-associated urinary tract infections per catheter days. Engaging nurses and integrating nursing practice into ASPs led to increased utilization of nurse-driven catheter removal protocols and the rationalization of necessary treatments. The acceptance rates for discontinuing unnecessary antibiotic therapy and removing indwelling urinary catheters were 92% and 85%, respectively. Additionally, bedside nurses gained more knowledge regarding ASPs and their pivotal role in making a difference in AMR. Nurse-led interdisciplinary rounds are an effective strategy to implement and strengthen ASPs in acute care. Connecting the role of the bedside nurse to the difference they can make in AMR reveals that nurses who are educated and trained in antimicrobial stewardship can result in better patient outcomes.
the Redfield Lab
Creators: name: Redfield, Rosemary (Rosie) J.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This session took place on October 27, 2011 in the Lillooet Room of the Irving K. Barber Learning Centre at the University of British Columbia. This presentation can be found at 11:26 - 24:41 in the recording.
Pearl's and Jeffrey's Update as Modes of Learning in Probabilistic Programming
Creators: name: Jacobs, Bart
name: Stein, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The concept of updating a probability distribution in the light of new evidence lies at the heart of statistics and machine learning. Pearl's and Jeffrey's rule are two natural update mechanisms which lead to different outcomes, yet the similarities and differences remain mysterious. This paper clarifies their relationship in several ways: via separate descriptions of the two update mechanisms in terms of probabilistic programs and sampling semantics, and via different notions of likelihood (for Pearl and for Jeffrey). Moreover, it is shown that Jeffrey's update rule arises via variational inference. In terms of categorical probability theory, this amounts to an analysis of the situation in terms of the behaviour of the multiset functor, extended to the Kleisli category of the distribution monad.
MOESM1 of Non-negligible greenhouse gases from urban sewer system
Creators: name: Pengkang Jin
name: Yonggang Gu
name: Shi, Xuan
name: Wenna Yang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The types of water quality in four functional areas in sewer systems.
Intrinsic and extinction colour components in SNeIa and the determination of $R_V$
Creators: name: Smadja, G.
name: Copin, Y.
name: Hillebrandt, W.
name: Saunders, C.
name: Tao, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The key ingredients in this attempt at separating for each supernova the intrinsic and extinction colour components, and then measuring Rv , are the assumptions of a linearized dependence of magnitudes on the extinction component of colour, a one-dimensional extra-intrinsic colour space (in addition to CaII H&K $λ$3945 and Si II $λ$4131 contributions, and the absence of correlations between intrinsic and extrinsic variabilities. A consistent solution is found under the previous assumptions, but the observed systematic trends point to a small inadequacy of the extinction formula. Once corrected, all systematic extinction effects can be cancelled by choosing a single scaling of the extinction colour component as well as the appropriate value of Rv = 2.181 $\pm$ 0.117
description: Accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Non-perturbative many-body approach to the Hubbard model and single-particle pseudogap
Creators: name: Vilk, Y. M.
name: Tremblay, A. -M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approach to the single-band Hubbard model is described in the general context of many-body theories. It is based on enforcing conservation laws, the Pauli principle and a number of crucial sum-rules. More specifically, spin and charge susceptibilities are expressed, in a conserving approximation, as a function of two constant irreducible vertices whose values are found self-consistently. The Mermin-Wagner theorem in two dimensions is automatically satisfied. The effect of collective modes on single-particle properties is then obtained by a paramagnon-like formula that is consistent with the two-particle properties in the sense that the potential energy obtained from $TrΣG$ is identical to that obtained using the fluctuation-dissipation theorem for susceptibilities. The vertex corrections are included through constant irreducible vertices. The theory is in quantitative agreement with Monte Carlo simulations for both single-particle and two-particle properties. In the two-dimensional renormalized classical regime, spin fluctuations lead to precursors of antiferromagnetic bands (shadow bands) and to the destruction of the Fermi-liquid quasiparticles in a wide temperature range above the zero-temperature phase transition. The analogous phenomenon of pairing pseudogap can occur in the attractive model in two dimensions when the pairing fluctuations become critical. Other many-body approaches are critically compared. It is argued that treating the spin fluctuations as if there was a Migdal's theorem can lead to wrong predictions, in particular with regard to the the single-particle pseudogap.
description: Small changes to conform to published version. Main text 33 pages. Appendices 16 pages. 11 PS figures epsf/Latex. Section on the single-particle pseudogap can be read independently
An Automated Spectral Clustering for Multi-scale Data
Creators: name: Afzalan, Milad
name: Jazizadeh, Farrokh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spectral clustering algorithms typically require a priori selection of input parameters such as the number of clusters, a scaling parameter for the affinity measure, or ranges of these values for parameter tuning. Despite efforts for automating the process of spectral clustering, the task of grouping data in multi-scale and higher dimensional spaces is yet to be explored. This study presents a spectral clustering heuristic algorithm that obviates the need for an input by estimating the parameters from the data itself. Specifically, it introduces the heuristic of iterative eigengap search with (1) global scaling and (2) local scaling. These approaches estimate the scaling parameter and implement iterative eigengap quantification along a search tree to reveal dissimilarities at different scales of a feature space and identify clusters. The performance of these approaches has been tested on various real-world datasets of power variation with multi-scale nature and gene expression. Our findings show that iterative eigengap search with a PCA-based global scaling scheme can discover different patterns with an accuracy of higher than 90% in most cases without asking for a priori input information.
description: Submitted to Neurocomputing, 2019
Dependent Type Refinements for Futures
Creators: name: Somayyajula, Siva
name: Pfenning, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Type refinements combine the compositionality of typechecking with the expressivity of program logics, offering a synergistic approach to program verification. In this paper we apply dependent type refinements to SAX, a futures-based process calculus that arises from the Curry-Howard interpretation of the intuitionistic semi-axiomatic sequent calculus and includes unrestricted recursion both at the level of types and processes. With our type refinement system, we can reason about the partial correctness of SAX programs, complementing prior work on sized type refinements that supports reasoning about termination. Our design regime synthesizes the infinitary proof theory of SAX with that of bidirectional typing and Hoare logic, deriving some standard reasoning principles for data and (co)recursion while enabling information hiding for codata. We prove syntactic type soundness, which entails a notion of partial correctness that respects codata encapsulation. We illustrate our language through a few simple examples.
description: 15 pages, MFPS 2023
Searching for Hydrogen in Type Ib Supernovae, and for Helium and Hydrogen in Type Ic
Creators: name: Branch, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identifying the progenitors of Type Ib and Type Ic supernovae requires knowing, among other things, whether SNe Ib eject hydrogen, and whether SNe Ic eject helium, and perhaps even hydrogen. Recently it has become clear that some SNe Ib do eject hydrogen, and it may be that all SNe Ib do. Two arguments that have been made in the past that SNe Ic eject helium are difficult to confirm, but I discuss other possible evidence that SNe Ic eject helium, as well as hydrogen. If so, these elements extend to lower ejection velocities than in SNe Ib. The spectroscopic differences between SNe Ib and SNe Ic may depend on the radial distributions of the helium and hydrogen as well as on the ejected masses of helium and hydrogen. We should consider the possibility that SNe Ic are more mixed up.
description: 12 pages, to appear in A Massive Star Odyssey, from Main Sequence to Supernova, Proc. IAU Symp. No. 212, eds. K. A. van der Hucht, A. Herrero, C. Esteban
Contracting projected entangled pair states is average-case hard
Creators: name: Haferkamp, Jonas
name: Hangleiter, Dominik
name: Eisert, Jens
name: Gluza, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An accurate calculation of the properties of quantum many-body systems is one of the most important yet intricate challenges of modern physics and computer science. In recent years, the tensor network ansatz has established itself as one of the most promising approaches enabling striking efficiency of simulating static properties of one-dimensional systems and abounding numerical applications in condensed matter theory. In higher dimensions, however, a connection to the field of computational complexity theory has shown that the accurate normalization of the two-dimensional tensor networks called projected entangled pair states (PEPS) is #P-complete. Therefore, an efficient algorithm for PEPS contraction would allow to solve exceedingly difficult combinatorial counting problems, which is considered highly unlikely. Due to the importance of understanding two- and three-dimensional systems the question currently remains: Are the known constructions typical of states relevant for quantum many-body systems? In this work, we show that an accurate evaluation of normalization or expectation values of PEPS is as hard to compute for typical instances as for special configurations of highest computational hardness. We discuss the structural property of average-case hardness in relation to the current research on efficient algorithms attempting tensor network contraction, hinting at a wealth of possible further insights into the average-case hardness of important problems in quantum many-body theory.
Supersymmetries and constants of motion in Taub-NUT spinning space
Creators: name: Vaman, Diana
name: Visinescu, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the geodesic motion of pseudo-classical spinning particles in curved spaces. Investigating the generalized Killing equations for spinning spaces, we express the constants of motion in terms of Killing-Yano tensors. The general results are applied to the case of the four-dimensional Euclidean Taub-NUT spinning space. A simple exact solution, corresponding to trajectories lying on a cone, is given.
description: 33 pages, LaTeX2e, to appear in Fortschritte der Physik
A timeline for massive star-forming regions via combined observation of o-H$_2$D$^+$ and N$_2$D$^+$
Creators: name: Giannetti, A.
name: Bovino, S.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Leurini, S.
name: Schleicher, D. R. G.
name: Koertgen, B.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Pillai, T.
name: Wyrowski, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: In cold and dense gas prior to the formation of young stellar objects, heavy molecular species (including CO) are accreted onto dust grains. Under these conditions H$_3^+$ and its deuterated isotopologues become more abundant, enhancing the deuterium fraction of molecules such as N$_2$H$^+$ that are formed via ion-neutral reactions. Because this process is extremely temperature sensitive, the abundance of these species is likely linked to the evolutionary stage of the source. Aims: We investigate how the abundances of o-H$_2$D$^+$ and N$_2$D$^+$ vary with evolution in high-mass clumps. Methods: We observed with APEX the ground-state transitions of o-H$_2$D$^+$ near 372 GHz, and N$_2$D$^+$(3-2) near 231 GHz for three massive clumps in different evolutionary stages. The sources were selected within the G351.77-0.51 complex to minimise the variation of initial chemical conditions, and to remove distance effects. We modelled their dust continuum emission to estimate their physical properties, and also modelled their spectra under the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium to calculate beam-averaged abundances. Results: We find an anticorrelation between the abundance of o-H$_2$D$^+$ and that of N$_2$D$^+$, with the former decreasing and the latter increasing with evolution. With the new observations we are also able to provide a qualitative upper limit to the age of the youngest clump of about 10$^5$ yr, comparable to its current free-fall time. Conclusions: We can explain the evolution of the two tracers with simple considerations on the chemical formation paths, depletion of heavy elements, and evaporation from the grains. We therefore propose that the joint observation and the relative abundance of o-H$_2$D$^+$ and N$_2$D$^+$ can act as an efficient tracer of the evolutionary stages of the star-formation process.
A sensitivity analysis of researchers' productivity rankings to the time of citation observation
Creators: name: Abramo, Giovanni
name: Cicero, Tindaro
name: D'Angelo, Ciriaco Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we investigate the sensitivity of individual researchers' productivity rankings to the time of citation observation. The analysis is based on observation of research products for the 2001-2003 triennium for all research staff of Italian universities in the hard sciences, with the year of citation observation varying from 2004 to 2008. The 2008 rankings list is assumed the most accurate, as citations have had the longest time to accumulate and thus represent the best possible proxy of impact. By comparing the rankings lists from each year against the 2008 benchmark we provide policy-makers and research organization managers a measure of trade-off between timeliness of evaluation execution and accuracy of performance rankings. The results show that with variation in the evaluation citation window there are variable rates of inaccuracy across the disciplines of researchers. The inaccuracy results negligible for Physics, Biology and Medicine.
Edosa oenopis
Creators: name: Mbata, Keith J.
name: Prins, Jurate De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tineidae
Edosa
Edosa oenopis

description: Edosa oenopis (Meyrick, 1908b)
COMMON NAME(S): Fungus moth or Tineid moth.
SYNONYM(S): None.
IUCN STATUS: Not Evaluated (NE).
DISTRIBUTION: Democratic Republic of Congo, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
LOCALITY IN ZAMBIA: Livingstone, in Southern Province.
LARVAL HOSTPLANT(S): Unknown.
SOURCES: De Prins & De Prins 2022; Gozmány 1967a –c.
Genus Hyperbola Gozmány, 1965a
description: Published as part of Mbata, Keith J. & Prins, Jurate De, 2023, Annotated checklist of moths of Zambia (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 1-503 in Zootaxa 5354 (1) on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5354.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10130434
A Categorical Framework for Program Semantics and Semantic Abstraction
Creators: name: Katsumata, Shin-ya
name: Rival, Xavier
name: Dubut, Jérémy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.3.2; D.3.1
subject: 18C50

description: Categorical semantics of type theories are often characterized as structure-preserving functors. This is because in category theory both the syntax and the domain of interpretation are uniformly treated as structured categories, so that we can express interpretations as structure-preserving functors between them. This mathematical characterization of semantics makes it convenient to manipulate and to reason about relationships between interpretations. Motivated by this success of functorial semantics, we address the question of finding a functorial analogue in abstract interpretation, a general framework for comparing semantics, so that we can bring similar benefits of functorial semantics to semantic abstractions used in abstract interpretation. Major differences concern the notion of interpretation that is being considered. Indeed, conventional semantics are value-based whereas abstract interpretation typically deals with more complex properties. In this paper, we propose a functorial approach to abstract interpretation and study associated fundamental concepts therein. In our approach, interpretations are expressed as oplax functors in the category of posets, and abstraction relations between interpretations are expressed as lax natural transformations representing concretizations. We present examples of these formal concepts from monadic semantics of programming languages and discuss soundness.
description: MFPS 2023
Additional file 4: of An open access medical knowledge base for community driven diagnostic decision support system development
Creators: name: MĂźller, Lars
name: Gangadharaiah, Rashmi
name: Klein, Simone
name: Perry, James
name: Bernstein, Greg
name: Nurkse, David
name: Wailes, Dustin
name: Rishi Graham
name: El-Kareh, Robert
name: Mehta, Sanjay
name: Staal Vinterbo
name: Eliah Aronoff-Spencer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Search terms for case retrieval. (PDF 13 kb)
Signature of Quantum Hall Effect Skyrmions in Tunneling: A Theoretical Study
Creators: name: Palacios, J. J.
name: Fertig, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of the $I-V$ tunneling characteristic between two parallel two-dimensional electron gases in a perpendicular magnetic field when both are near filling factor $ν=1$. Finite-size calculations of the single-layer spectral functions in the spherical geometry and analytical expressions for the disk geometry in the thermodynamic limit show that the current in the presence of skyrmions reflects in a direct way their underlying structure. It is also shown that fingerprints of the electron-electron interaction pseudopotentials are present in such a current.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure