cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic and Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Tobacco Uptake in Diverse Adolescent Minority Groups
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Racial, ethnic, and sexual minority youth are at an increased risk of tobacco use and related undesired consequences. It is, however, unknown how social and biological factors explain such increased risk. This project will analyze existing data of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD), the largest brain development study ever conducted. The unique aspects of the ABCD are very large, diverse, and longitudinal data with repeated brain imaging measures. We will use data on minority status, family socioeconomic status (SES), stress (across five domains), neuroimaging, and tobacco use initiation with the following goals:
 1- To investigate the effects of neuroimaging indicators on tobacco initiation and susceptibility,
 2- To test the effects of SES and stress on neuroimaging indicators that predict subsequent tobacco use,
 3- To compare these associations between minority and majority youth, and
 4- To test whether these effects vary by sex and U.S. region.
 We propose that low SES, high stress (measured across five domains), and weaker SES effects are why we observe high tobacco initiation and susceptibility in minority youth. For this study, we will analyze 6-year follow-up data of 11,875 youth from age 9/10 to age 13/14. We will study brain networks that control emotions, cognitions, and rewards. As TRDRP is particularly interested in the prevention of tobacco in California, we will also test the effect of the region of the country. We will compare youth who live in California with youth living in the other 14 states. This comparison will inform us whether processes that cause tobacco use disparities among minority youth in California differ from the involved processes in the rest of the U.S. Thus, the results can help with tobacco prevention in California as well as nationally.
Network-assisted multihoming for emerging heterogeneous wireless access scenarios
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Shreyasee
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: This thesis presents a technique for enabling multihoming in the emerging heterogeneous (“hetnet”) mobile wireless access scenarios, based on the MobilityFirst Future Internet Architecture. Most mobile devices now have dual wireless interfaces (such as Wi-Fi and LTE) and the proposed technique can use either or both to achieve significant improvements in performance and service quality. In particular, our approach shifts the burden of policy expression and data-striping from end-nodes to in-network nodes, and utilizes named object routing with GUIDs to establish multiple paths to destination mobile devices. The proposed multihoming technique uses hop-by-hop backpressure for data striping at the bifurcation router and includes a robust mechanism to reduce reordering of packets at the receive buffer. We quantify the performance gains using detailed NS3 based simulations and present results from a thorough parametric study to determine the effects of data-rate, delay and hop-count difference between multiple available paths. Finally, we show that when multiple interfaces are available, simultaneous use of both the interfaces is beneficial only under certain conditions depending  on the ratio of the data-rate of the interfaces and the size of the flow.
Identifying the drivers of coronary artery gene-environment interaction in tobacco exposure
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Tobacco is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Although half of these deaths are due to cardiovascular (CV) disease, the molecular mechanism of how tobacco leads to increased CV mortality is not well understood. How we respond to tobacco exposure is known to be genetically determined – for example, a person with so-called “good genes” may live a long life despite smoking heavily. Such interaction between genes and the exposures are known as gene-environment interaction (GxE), however, very little is known of how these GxE are regulated or which genes are responsible. Leveraging the exponential growth in human genetic findings related to cardiovascular disease with cutting-edge single-cell sequencing technologies and bioinformatics, this study will identify novel mechanisms of how tobacco and electronic cigarette smoke and other environmental toxins can affect the disease process in the artery of patients and how ones genetic makeup can vary the way the artery responds to these toxins.

 In our preliminary studies, we found that cigarette smoke extracts and dioxin can induce significant transcriptional, epigenetic and phenotypic changes in primary human coronary artery smooth muscle cells, a critical cell type that mediates CV risk. We hypothesize that critical disease related pathways of coronary artery smooth muscle cells are differentially regulated in the presence of toxic exposures, and in different cell-states of differentiation. The aims of this project are to improve our understanding of the environmental effect on cardiovascular disease as well as the source of individual susceptibility to environmental exposure by investigating the gene-environment interactions that mediate atherosclerosis. The successful completion of this project will also provide a framework to study the effect of other toxic exposures in different cellular contexts.
Neoplecostomus langeanii Roxo, Oliveira & Zawadzki 2012
Creators: name: Langeani, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Loricariidae
Neoplecostomus
Neoplecostomus langeanii

description: Neoplecostomus langeanii Roxo, Oliveira & Zawadzki (2012).
Paratypes: 2 lots, 8 specimens; DZSJRP 14880, 2, 69.0– 70.6 mm SL, rio Muzambinho, rio Grande basin, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 21°23’22”S, 46°28’40”W, cols. F. F. Roxo et al., 7 January 2008; and DZSJRP 4882, 6, 44.8–63.9 mm SL, rio Muzambinho, rio Grande basin, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 21°19’36”S, 46°27’27”W, cols. F. F. Roxo et al., 10 January 2008.
description: Published as part of Langeani, Francisco, 2017, Annotated catalog of the type specimens deposited at the fish collection of the " Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de São José do Rio Preto ", São Paulo, Brazil (DZSJRP), pp. 435-460 in Zootaxa 4319 (3) on page 451, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4319.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/890303
Novel nano-immunotherapeutic agent against non-small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Seven immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or immune checkpoint antibodies have been approved by Federal Drug Administration (FDA) in recent years for cancer immunotherapy. They work by blocking the immune suppressive factors generated by the cancer cells. As a result, patients’ own immune system is boosted to fight the cancers. It has revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma, the two cancers that respond relatively well to such therapy. However, only 10-40% of lung cancer and melanoma patients benefited from these ICIs. There is an urgent need to develop therapeutic approaches that can greatly boost the efficacy of such ICI therapy, without causing significant toxicity to the patients. We believe our novel nano-immuno-engager will be able to do just that.

 The novel immuno-engager we are developing involves the synthesis of peptides that can self-assemble to form nanoparticles. When given intravenously, the nanoparticles will be concentrated at the tumor sites and transform into tiny fiber network. The fiber network decorated with molecules that can stimulate the immune system will attract immune cells to the tumor sites to attack the tumors. We have demonstrated that the proposed nano-immuno-engager is high efficacious and safe in mice bearing either lung cancer or breast cancer. Not only that all the mice were cured, but they also generated a “immune memory” effect, such that when those treated mice were later challenged with new tumor cells, tumors were not able to form. We anticipate that such nano-immuno-engager, given together with the FDA approved check point antibodies or ICIs, will be able to improve the survival, quality of life, and possibly cure of many lung cancer patients. Cancer immunotherapy always carries a risk of over stimulating the immune system of the patient causing autoimmune disease of various degrees. Thus far, our mouse data did not show any significant side effects. The mice were cured and healthy. This research will provide a new and safe approach to augment the patients’ own immune system to fight cancer.
Role of Chemerin and Its Receptors in Lung Inflammation and COPD
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure is the predominant risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a disease which is characterized by chronic lung inflammation and airflow obstruction. During lung inflammation, white blood cells enter the lung tissue and airways and cause tissue damage. Attractant proteins play an important role in lung inflammation through coordinating the entry of leukocytes into lung tissue and airways. This chronic inflammation contributes to the eventual development of COPD. We discovered the white blood cell attractant chemerin and its receptor CMKLR1. In experimental COPD models, CS exposure increased chemerin levels in the airways, and CMKLR1 was required for maximal lung inflammation. We published several papers showing that CMKLR1 was responsible for worse inflammatory disease in an experimental model of autoimmune multiple sclerosis (MS). We sought to discover and develop drugs that could interfere with chemerin:CMKLR1 interactions. We successfully identified potent CMKLR1-targeted drugs that can be administered orally to block chemerin:CMKLR1 signaling and suppress experimental MS. Under this pilot award from the TRDRP, using mice we generated that are genetically deficient in chemerin, we propose to evaluate the role of chemerin in experimental CS-induced lung inflammation and COPD. We also propose to evaluate CMKLR1-targeted drugs for safety and efficacy in suppressing lung inflammation and COPD associated with CS exposure. We propose that chemerin and its receptors represent targets for future therapies for tobacco related diseases from asthma to lung cancer.
Mirivena robusta Yao, Cai & Ren, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Yao, Yunzhi
name: Cai, Wanzhi
name: Ren, Dong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Mirivena
Mirivena robusta

description: Mirivena robusta Yao, Cai & Ren, sp. nov.
(Figs. 1–3)
Description. Body about 2.5 times as long as wide; head 1.4 times as wide as long, apex rounded; first antennal segment slightly thicker than second; eyes prominent, 0.5 times as wide as vertex. Pronotum about 2.5 times as wide as long, slightly narrowing anteriad, anterior margin concave, lateral margins convex, moderately arcuate, anterior and posterior angles both feebly rounded; fore legs simple, femur and tibia subequal in length, femur distinctly thicker than tibia; mid legs similar to hind legs, femora and tibiae thicker than those of fore legs; scutellum as long as pronotum at midline, lateral margins nearly straight, apex acute; fore wing extending beyond tip of abdomen by one-sixth of hemelytron length, clavus and corium smooth, clavus 0.4 times as long as hemelytron, almost 0.2 times as wide as long, claval commissure 1.4 times as long as scutellum, veins R and M forming a merged vein at base of corium, R nearly reaching middle of anterior margin of corium, apex of vein M indistinct, visible part straight; cuneus dark, 1.7 times as long as wide, apex of membrane round, veins indistinct. Abdomen oval, width subequal to length, fourth segment widest, last abdominal sterna greatly narrowed.
Measurements (in mm). Body length 10.9, maximal abdomen width 5.4; length head 1.2, width 1.8; length pronotum 1.8, width 4.4; length fore leg: femur 2.2, tibia 2.2; length scutellum 1.7, width 2.1; length hemelytron 8.7, width 3.4, length anterior margin of corium 7.2, length clavus 4.7, width 0.8; length claval commissure 1.2, length cuneus 1.6, width 0.9; length abdomen 5.2.
Holotype. No. CNU-HE-NN 2006001. Daohugou Village, Shantou Township, Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia, China. Middle Jurassic.
This specific name is derived from the Latin robusta, referring to the broadly rounded body.
description: Published as part of Yao, Yunzhi, Cai, Wanzhi & Ren, Dong, 2007, The oldest known fossil plant bug (Hemiptera: Miridae), from Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China, pp. 37-41 in Zootaxa 1442 on pages 38-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.176040
Molecular characterization of smoke-driven enzyme deficiency in pulmonary fibrosis
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive scarring of the lung with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. The majority of IPF cases have been found to be associated with environmental/occupational insults, predominantly exposure to tobacco smoking. Although FDA has recently approved two novel therapeutic agents, nintedanib and pirfenidone, for IPF treatment, the median survival of IPF patients remains less than 5 years from the time of diagnosis. These drugs fail to prevent the gradual loss of lung function in IPF patients. For these reasons, novel and better therapeutics are urgently needed for those diagnosed with IPF. Metabolic dysregulation such as arginine metabolism has recently been considered a driver to trigger pulmonary fibrosis development and progression. We applied metabolomic studies that utilized lung fibroblasts derived from healthy donors and IPF patients to characterize crucial metabolic enzymes and aberrant pathways that regulate fibrogenic signaling. Both our metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses indicated downregulation of argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1) expression at transcriptional level in lung fibroblasts isolated from smokers with IPF. Given that a majority of IPF fibroblasts are deficient in ASS1, targeting ASS1-deficient fibroblasts has the potential to shed new light on IPF treatment. The overall objective of this application is to determine the pro-fibrogenic nature of smoke-associated lung fibroblasts lacking ASS1. Based on our initial work, we hypothesize that smoke reduces ASS1 activity, which stimulates pertinent signaling pathways and subsequently leads to the development of lung fibrosis. In this study, we will identify the molecular events associated with ASS1 downregulation in the regulation of pro-fibrogenic signaling pathways. We will also characterize the molecular driving forces of ASS1 deficiency in smoking-related lung fibrosis. With successful completion of the work proposed in this application, our findings from the study of smoke-driven metabolic dysregulation will give us important clues on how to design better therapies for smoke-related lung fibrosis.
Neoplecostomus paraty Cherobim, Lazzarotto & Langeani 2016
Creators: name: Langeani, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Loricariidae
Neoplecostomus
Neoplecostomus paraty

description: Neoplecostomus paraty Cherobim, Lazzarotto & Langeani (2016).
Holotype: DZSJRP 20429, 82.2 mm SL, rio Perequê-Açú affluent, stream on the road Parati-Cunha, Serra da Bocaina National Park, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 23°11’54”S, 44°49’48”W, el. 378 m, cols. F. Langeani, A.M. Cherobim, H. Lazzarotto & A. Angulo, 27 May 2015 (Fig. 14).
Paratypes: 8 lots, 58 specimens; DZSJRP 12481, 10 (1 c&s, tissue samples of 3 specimens), 44.2–75.3 mm SL, stream on the road Parati-Cunha, near the Serra da Bocaina National Park, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el.
179 m, 23°12’53.5”S, 44°47’29.0”W, 20 May 2010, cols. F. Langeani, M. C. Chiachio & F. O. Martins; DZSJRP 13914, 8 (1 c&s, tissue samples of 2 specimens), 32.4–68.3 mm SL, stream on the road Parati-Cunha, Penha neighborhood, near Serra da Bocaina National Park, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 179 m, 23°12'53.7"S 44°47'28.6"W, cols. F. Langeani, M. C. Chiachio & F. O. Martins, 2 June 2011; DZSJRP 18726, 2, 59.3–75.1 mm SL, stream on the road Parati-Cunha, in front of the Cantina das Pedras Bar, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 179 m, 23°12'53.5"S 44°47'29.0"W, cols. F. Langeani, B. N. Andrade & A. M. Cherobim, 6 Jul 2013; DZSJRP 18733, 1, 35.8 mm SL, stream on the road Parati-Cunha, near the village, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 38 m, 23°13'28"S 44°46'32"W, cols. F. Langeani, B. N. Andrade & A. M. Cherobim, 6 Jul 2013; DZSJRP 20425, 2, 86.8–92.0 mm SL, rio Perequê-Açú, at the end of the branch road on the road Parati-Cunha, 5 km from the SP/RJ border, Serra da Bocaina National Park, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 1043 m, 23°11'29"S 44°50'41"W, cols. F. Langeani, A. M. Cherobim, H. Lazzarotto & A. Angulo, 27 May 2015; DZSJRP 20433, 11 (tissue sample of 1 specimen), 35.7–66.6 mm SL, rio Carrasquinho, road Parati-Cunha, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 296 m, 23°12'34"S 44°47'39"W, cols. F. Langeani, A. M. Cherobim, H. Lazzarotto & A. Angulo, 27 May 2015; DZSJRP 20440, 2, 83.0– 90.6 mm SL, stream on the right bank of rio Graúna, Graúna's village, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 89 m, 23°08'58"S 44°43'55"W, cols. F. Langeani, A. M. Cherobim, H. Lazzarotto & A. Angulo, 28 May 2015; and DZSJRP 20442, 22 (tissue sample of 3 specimens), 35.4–79.3 mm SL, rio Corisco or Mateus Nunes, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 386 m, 23°15'16"S 44°48'18"W, cols. F. Langeani, A. M. Cherobim, H. Lazzarotto & A. Angulo, 28 May 2015.
description: Published as part of Langeani, Francisco, 2017, Annotated catalog of the type specimens deposited at the fish collection of the " Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de São José do Rio Preto ", São Paulo, Brazil (DZSJRP), pp. 435-460 in Zootaxa 4319 (3) on pages 451-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4319.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/890303
Imbalanced signaling of Protein Kinase C (PKC) isozymes in Colorectal Cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Cigarette and e-cigarette smoking, including passive smoking, predisposes individuals to a dramatically higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Colorectal cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide and a leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Tobacco produces more than 4000 hazardous compounds, which can perturb key kinase signaling pathways to promote colorectal cancer and its metastasis. One of such pathways is mediated by Protein Kinase C (PKC), which consists of three different isozymes: the conventional, the novel, and the atypical. Different PKC isoforms have been found to play critical but highly context-dependent roles in tumorigenesis. Smoke generally elevates PKC activity in colorectal cancer cells and promotes their growth through stimulating downstream signaling. On the other hand, conventional PKC was found to suppress CRC progression and is linked to better patient prognosis. Atypical PKC could promote the progression of several cancers, but it suppresses CRC metastasis by maintaining cell polarity. As a result, the exact function of each PKC isozyme and the precise molecular mechanisms of how tobacco products misregulate PKC signaling pathways to promote colorectal cancer are poorly understood.
 Our lab extensively works on developing novel tools to dissect the spatiotemporal regulation of kinase signaling pathways. Using our newest generation of PKC activity reporters, we showed that different PKC isozymes are localized to distinct subcellular compartments and have different activity kinetics, both of which are essential for their signaling specificity and biological functions. We hypothesize that the precise spatiotemporal control of PKC isozymes is out-of-balance in colorectal cells, which can be further misregulated by smoke products to promote colorectal cancer growth and metastasis. We will further develop molecular tools and advanced imaging technologies to interrogate the spatiotemporal regulation of PKC isozymes by smoke products in colorectal cancer. Our long-term goal is to identify therapeutic targets leading to novel prevention and treatment of smoke-related colorectal cancer and raise awareness of tobacco usage.
Répartition anatomique des éléments de chouette harfang de la grotte de Gabillou Anatomical distribution of owl parts from the Gabillou Cave
Creators: name: Ducasse, Sylvain
name: Langlais, Mathieu
name: Laroulandie, Véronique
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: archéologie
Préhistoire
archéozoologie
avifaune
avifauna
archaeozoology
prehistory
archaeology
Paléolithique
Magdalénien
France
Aquitaine
Dordogne
Palaeolithic
magdalenian

description: Répartition anatomique des éléments de chouette harfang, exprimée en pourcentage de survie (nmi = 6).
Anatomical distribution of owl parts, expressed as a percentage of survival (mni = 6).
Design and development of a multi-degree-of-freedom nanopositioning system for self-assembly-based nanomanufacturing of DNA patterns
Creators: name: Mastroianni, Gregory Augustus
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: This thesis presents the design, development, and control of multi-degree-of-freedom nanopositioning stage for applications in self-assembly-based nanomanufacturing of DNA patterns.  High speed nanopositioning is needed in a variety of applications, such as nanomanufacture and construction.  Particularly, nanopositioning developed in this work can be utilized to study the effect that inducing nano- to micro- scale oscillations in the DNA pattern self-assembly process has on the fabrication efficiency and quality.  A system was designed to provide three degrees of freedom that provides both versatility and positioning precision to the study of the self-assembly process. Actual component manufacture was completed for two dimensional motions, with the third dimension designed for concept.     Piezoelectric bimorph actuators were chosen for their low cost and high precision positioning to provide motion to the system.  For the applications of the bimorph actuators in multi-dimensional positioning however, adverse effects, including the vibration dynamics and the nonlinear hysteresis behavior of the actuators, challenge the precision tracking of the desired trajectory.  Moreover, incorporating multiple degrees of freedom inherits an undesirable cross-axis dynamics coupling effect between two or more directions of motion.  In this project, two recently-developed iterative control techniques, the modeling-free inverse-based iterative control (MIIC) and the high-order difference modeling-free iterative control (HODMIIC) techniques were comparatively studied through experiments to tackle these critical issues.  These two techniques were compared through their use in controlling one-dimensional non-coupled motion trajectories of a variety of amplitude and frequency conditions.  The superior HODMIIC algorithm is then further proven through successful control of two-dimensional coupled motion trajectories across similar amplitude and frequencies.
Carpomya incompleta
Creators: name: El-Hawagry, Magdi S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Carpomya
Carpomya incompleta

description: Carpomya incompleta (Becker, 1903)
Trypeta incompleta Becker, 1903: 135. Holotype. Egypt (Suez) (ZMHB). Distribution. AF: Sudan, Ethiopia. PA: Egypt, Iraq, Israel, Saudi Arabia, South Europe. Egyptian localities. Widespread throughout the country.
Host plants. Christ's thorn jujube (Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf.) and jujube (Ziziphus jujube Mill.). Source: Freidberg & Kugler (1989).
Dates of collection. October to May.
description: Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S., 2017, Catalogue of Egyptian Tephritoidea (Diptera: Schizophora: Acalyptratae), pp. 151-190 in Zootaxa 4299 (2) on page 178, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4299.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/843233
Commit to Quit Pilot: Mobilizing Arab American Women to Reduce Tobacco-Related Harms
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: We propose to pilot test a program to help underserved California Arab American women and their families quit smoking and create smokefree homes. Many Arab American men smoke cigarettes, while men and women also smoke waterpipes in the home. There are currently no tobacco programs focusing on Arab Americans in California. In our current project we found that while men expressed interest in quitting or cutting back, they were not likely to seek treatment. In addition, frequent exposure to other smokers was identified as an obstacle to quitting. Women in our project were very interested in meeting to learn about smoking, to support each other in making changes in their tobacco use, and to protect their children’s health. Our Community Advisory Board strongly supports women’s leadership; and despite COVID-19 conditions we have organized meetings with Arab American women to develop a framework vision and leadership structure. Building on these strengths, we propose to pilot test our tobacco prevention program for Arab American women and their families, Commit to Quit. We will train and guide women leaders to be knowledgeable about basic tobacco health science and prevention methods; support their efforts to make changes in their own smoking behaviors and home smoking; help them design and share out ways to talk with family and community members about smoking and ways to prevent tobacco-related harms; survey the community to examine their awareness of the project, and their experiences trying to make changes in smoking and smoke exposures. Our community program was designed by Community Co-PI Abdelhalim, based on her prior experiences and training in community change leadership and her deep engagement with the Arab American community. Our research and evaluation plan was designed by Academic Co-PI Lee, based on her prior experiences and training in community-based research and evaluation. Our project is well-connected to the community through our project-specific Community Advisory Board, as well as our prior and on-going tobacco research and action activities.
Elucidating the role of airway neuroendocrine cells in smoking-related asthmatic disease
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Despite the persistence and prevalence of smoking in human societies, we still do not fully understand the effects of smoke exposure on the lung. We are especially interested in the role of airway neuroendocrine (NE) cells in smoking-related diseases. While best known as the cell type that gives rise to small cell lung cancer, NE cells also play key roles in other smoking-related diseases such as smoking-related asthma. Indeed, as part of the lining layer of our airways, NE cells are exposed to every puff of smoke and inhaled irritants. In addition, like neurons, NE cells sense the internal and external worlds and release molecules that modulate our nervous and immune systems, both key systems in asthma. However, we do not understand what these cells are sensing, how they sense, or how these sensory properties change in disease.

 We have begun to study fundamental aspects of how neuroendocrine cells sense their environment and release molecules that affect their surroundings. Interestingly, we have found that these cells are mechanosensitive, which may be important in many smoking-related diseases, such as COPD and asthma, where the mechanical properties of the lung are altered in ways that make breathing more difficult. We have also found that not all NE cells are alike, with key differences shape, sensory properties, and released molecules between cells in different parts of the airways and even among closely positioned cells.

 With a TRDRP Pilot award, we plan to investigate how airway NE respond to and drive asthma-like inflammation. Using mouse models of asthma and smoking-induced allergic inflammation, we will broadly characterize how NE cells change in disease. Using RNA-sequencing, we will assess changes in gene expression in NE cells. We will directly evaluate differences in how NE cells respond to their environment in health and disease. Finally, we will establish a mouse model of smoking-induced asthma relevant to human smoking behavior and use this model to test for the importance of NE cells in various aspects of disease.

 Ultimately, neuronal and cell-cell communication processes are among the most drugged processes in medicine, in part due to their accessibility to drugs. Thus, studying fundamental aspects of NE cell function in health and disease may ultimately nominate potential new treatment targets for smoking-related disease.
Neoplecostomus selenae Zawadzki, Pavanelli & Langeani 2008
Creators: name: Langeani, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Loricariidae
Neoplecostomus
Neoplecostomus selenae

description: Neoplecostomus selenae Zawadzki, Pavanelli & Langeani (2008).
Paratypes: 1 lot, 4 specimens; DZSJRP 7449 (1 c&s), 56.5–95.8 mm SL, ribeirão das Batéias, upstream from the bridge at Ribeirão Grande to Intervales road, affluent of the rio Paranapanema, rio Paraná basin, Ribeirão Grande, São Paulo, Brazil, 24°6’S, 48°20’59”W, cols. O.T. Oyakawa & A. Akama, 24 August 1997.
description: Published as part of Langeani, Francisco, 2017, Annotated catalog of the type specimens deposited at the fish collection of the " Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de São José do Rio Preto ", São Paulo, Brazil (DZSJRP), pp. 435-460 in Zootaxa 4319 (3) on page 454, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4319.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/890303
Reducing Tobacco Use in Substance Use Treatment: Policy and Legislative Approaches
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: People with substance use disorder (SUD) smoke at rates that are nearly three times that of the general population. The high prevalence of smoking in this population is associated with increased medical problems, increased tobacco-related mortality, and worse SUD treatment outcomes. In 2018, the California Tobacco Control Program (CTCP) implemented an initiative designed to help California SUD treatment programs adopt and implement tobacco-free grounds. Supported by the UCSF Smoking Cessation Leadership Center, participating programs engaged in an 18-month intervention designed to develop and implement tobacco free grounds (TFG) policies and increase access to tobacco cessation services for clients. Twelve programs participated in the initiative. Our research team conducted an evaluation of the initiative and found that implementation of TFG policies was associated with a decrease in client smoking prevalence (from 54.2% to 26.6%), and increased receipt of Nicotine Replacement Therapy among clients (from 11.9% to 25.2%). This finding is consistent with other reports on TFG policies, however little is known about whether such policies are sustained over time. The current proposal aims to address this gap by exploring smoking prevalence and cessation services in these 12 programs 24 months post implementation.

 The CTCP initiative, and the associated findings reported above, contributed to a larger and longstanding movement toward better addressing smoking in behavioral health populations. Assembly Bill 541 (AB541, Berman) was signed by the Governor on August 31, 2021 and is expected to go into effect in January 2022. AB541 requires all licensed/certified California SUD treatment programs to assess patients for tobacco use, to educate patients about the harms of tobacco, to include tobacco cessation in the treatment plan, and to offer treatment or referral for cessation services. Building on our partnerships with 8 additional SUD programs, including pre-AB541 data collection in those programs, the current application will also explore the implementation of AB541 and assess for associated changes in smoking prevalence or cessation services.
title: Character Shifts in Harry Potter Fanfiction
Creators: name: Brottrager, Judith
name: Doat, Joël
name: Häußler, Julian
name: Weitin, Thomas
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2025

description: In fanfictions, authors can explore the fictitious universe of a fandom without restricting themselves to its canonical rules and orders. These explorations are often linked to diverging character conceptualizations based on readers’ response to omissions and indeterminacies in the source material. Following a three part structure, we examine these character shifts in German Harry Potter fanfictions by (1) comparing basic frequency distributions of character names, (2) analyzing character co-occurrences in order to identify central character pairings as well as collocations surrounding these characters, and (3) using a word embedding-based approach to sentiment analysis to quantify the emotional charging of characters. We identified certain character types predestined for re-conceptualization, such as minor characters or figures from pre- or sequels who generate interest among fanfiction writers, as well as villainous characters whose redesign follows typical fanfiction tropes such as »Enemies to Lovers«.
Dasornis abdoun Bourdon & Amaghzaz & Bouya 2010, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Bourdon, Estelle
name: Amaghzaz, Mbarek
name: Bouya, Baâdi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Pelagornithidae
Dasornis
Dasornis abdoun

description: Dasornis abdoun, sp. nov., Bourdon
ETYMOLOGY: Refers to the phosphate basin where the holotype was found.
HOLOTYPE: OCP.DEK/GE 1033, incomplete right humerus.
TYPE LOCALITY: Ouled Abdoun Basin, Sidi Daoui (southeast of TS area, 32°50′87 N and 06°38′48 W: see Gheerbrant et al., 2003).
TYPE HORIZON: Intercalary beds II/I (level 13), basal Ypresian, Lower Eocene (see Gheerbrant et al., 2003).
REFERRED MATERIAL: OCP.DEK/GE 1016, distal part of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/ GE 1021, distal part of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1022, incomplete distal end and fragment of shaπ of right ulna; OCP.DEK/GE 1030, distal part of leπ radius; OCP.DEK/GE 1031, proximal part of leπ humerus; OCP.DEK/GE 1096, fragment of shaπ of right femur; OCP. DEK/GE 1151, fragment of shaπ of right tibiotarsus close to proximal end; OCP.DEK/GE 1158, distal part of leπ carpometacarpus; OCP.DEK/GE 1191, fragment of shaπ of right tibiotarsus; MHNL 20-149225, distal end of leπ humerus.
LOCALITIES: Ouled Abdoun Basin, Sidi Daoui (Krupp, RP13 and TS areas).
HORIZONS: Intercalary beds II/I, basal Ypresian, Lower Eocene.
DIAGNOSIS: Gannet-sized odontopterygiform with a wingspan of 1.5–1.7 m that differs from D. emuinus and D. toliapica in the following features: much smaller size; humerus, distal almond-shaped foramen pneumaticum absent; intumescentia humeri displaced proximally and more developed; ulna, papillae remigales caudales smooth and narrow; radius, convexity cranial to sulcus tendinosus more prominent with a more strongly curved edge; carpometacarpus, os metacarpale majus caudocranially flattened.
MEASUREMENTS: See table 2.
description: Published as part of Bourdon, Estelle, Amaghzaz, Mbarek & Bouya, Baâdi, 2010, Pseudotoothed Birds (Aves, Odontopterygiformes) from the Early Tertiary of Morocco, pp. 1-72 in American Museum Novitates 2010 (3704) on page 49, DOI: 10.1206/3704.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4597660
Carpomya pardalina
Creators: name: El-Hawagry, Magdi S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Carpomya
Carpomya pardalina

description: Carpomya pardalina (Bigot, 1891)
Carpomyia pardalina Bigot, 1891: 51. Syntypes. Pakistan (Beloutchistan [Baluchistan]) (UMO).
Carpomyia (Myiopardalis) caucasica Zaitzev, 1919: 64. Syntypes. Azerbaijan (east Transcaucasia: Elisavetn [= Elisavetpol]) (ZISP). Type missing (V. Korneyev, personal communication).
Distribution. AF: Senegal. OR: India. PA: Afghanistan, Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Egypt, Iran, Iraq,
Israel, Lebanon, Pakistan, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, Ukraine.
Egyptian localities. Sinai: Qantara.
Host plants. Cucurbitaceous plants, particularly: melon (Cucumis melo L.).
Dates of collection. April.
description: Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S., 2017, Catalogue of Egyptian Tephritoidea (Diptera: Schizophora: Acalyptratae), pp. 151-190 in Zootaxa 4299 (2) on page 178, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4299.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/843233
Dissecting the mechanism of electronic cigarette induced vascular remodeling
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Electronic-cigarette (e-cig) use is increasing rapidly in the United States, especially amongst the youth, underscoring the vital need to improve understanding of its health risks. Emerging data suggest e-cigs have short and long term cardiovascular (CV) effects, including significantly increased risk of heart attacks. Yet the mechanisms of how it leads to CV disease remain unclear. A better understanding of the mechanistic effects of e-cigs on the biology of CV disease will improve our estimate of the CV risk from e-cigs, and aid future policy and clinical decisions about e-cigs.

 This study will characterize the effect of e-cigs on the cells and tissues involved in blood vessel plaque build up, with a particular focus on the smooth muscle cells. We will exploit our recent findings on the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) gene and preliminary data showing potential role of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway in how the vascular wall responds to e-cigs. We hypothesize that e-cigs increase a specific type of stress in smooth muscle cells resulting in atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability and that modulation of the AHR and UPR pathways can reverse these e-cig derived changes. The successful completion of this project will improve our understanding of how e-cigs can cause coronary heart disease, and identify novel molecular drivers of atherosclerosis. This project will also provide a framework to study the effect of other toxic exposures, including tobacco and pollution on cardiovascular health.
Neoplecostomus yapo Zawadzki, Pavanelli & Langeani 2008
Creators: name: Langeani, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Loricariidae
Neoplecostomus
Neoplecostomus yapo

description: Neoplecostomus yapo Zawadzki, Pavanelli & Langeani (2008).
Holotype: DZSJRP 6714, 97.4 mm SL, riacho Fortaleza, at Fazenda Santo Amaro, tributary to rio Yapó, rio Tibagi drainage, rio Paranapanema basin, upper rio Paraná, Tibagi, Paraná, Brazil, 24°30’34”S, 50°24’49”W, cols. A.M. Gealh & K. de Geus, 18 February 2002 (Fig.15).
Paratypes: 1 lot, 6 specimens; DZSJRP 6194 (1 c&s), viscera removed in two specimens, 69.3–105.2 mm SL, collected with the holotype.
description: Published as part of Langeani, Francisco, 2017, Annotated catalog of the type specimens deposited at the fish collection of the " Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de São José do Rio Preto ", São Paulo, Brazil (DZSJRP), pp. 435-460 in Zootaxa 4319 (3) on page 454, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4319.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/890303
Mathematical model development for salmonella transfer during washing and subsequent growth in fresh cut produce
Creators: name: Lin, Fang-Yu
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: The causes of most fresh produce outbreaks in U.S. are unknown, but cross contamination during washing or improper storage temperatures during retail storage, distribution or home storage may play a role. The first objective of our research was to integrate and compare published data, published models and data from the ComBase database relevant to Salmonella growth in fresh and fresh-cut produce. The second objective of our research was to develop a cross contamination model that predicts the concentration of contaminated produce and the concentration of non- contaminated produce after washing using literature data.    A literature research was conducted to find relevant data on the growth of Salmonella on fresh cut produce. Data for Salmonella growth in a variety of fruit and vegetable products was also extracted from ComBase. Calculated growth rates were converted to square-root growth rates for comparative purposes and analyzed. Four published Salmonella growth models (Koseki and Isobe on iceberg lettuce; Pan and Schaffner on cut tomatoes; Li et al on cut melons; and Sant'Ana et al on lettuce) were compared to the extracted data. The most conservative model (Koseki and Isobe, 2005) was fail-safe for all but 5.5% (6/109) of the extracted data, predicting faster growth that that actually observed.    A literature research was conducted to find relevant published data on the cross contamination rates between contaminated produce after wash, wash water and non- contaminated produce after wash. Data were converted to the same units, log transformed, used to create histograms and figures using Microsoft Excel. GInaFit and BestFit software were used to select suitable distributions. The software program 3RISK was used to build a risk model. The simulation model predicted that when tomatoes were contaminated at 4 log CFU/tomato, after washing at 100 ppm chlorine, those same tomatoes contained ~1.0 log CFU/tomato, while contaminated cantaloupes contain ~2.8 log CFU/cantaloupe after washing at 0 ppm chlorine. The simulation model also predicted that uncontaminated tomatoes after washing at 0 ppm chlorine with contaminated tomatoes will contain ~ -0.59 log CFU/tomato (or 1 in 4 tomatoes containing ≥ 1 CFU), while uncontaminated cantaloupes after washing at 100 ppm chlorine with contaminated cantaloupes will contain ~ -2.83 log CFU/cantaloupe (or 1 in 6&6 tomatoes containing ≥ 1 CFU).
Vitamin A Derivative-Mediated Inhibition of Immune Suppression in Lung Cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer with 80-90% of all lung cancer deaths being associated with smoking. Currently, lung cancer remains the deadliest form of cancer, claiming the lives of 1.8 million people across the world in 2020. While treatment options have improved with the advent of modern immunotherapies, there are many patients who do not respond to therapy or develop resistance. Additionally, a significant subset of patients have mutations which have been identified to cause therapy resistance. Patients with these mutations possess tumors that are characterized by an increase in immune suppressive cells. These immune suppressive cells are believed to play a critical role in tumor progression as they block the tumor killing functions of other immune cells present in the tumor. Recently, we discovered that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a compound derived from vitamin A, has a therapeutic effect against lung cancer in multiple mouse models. Additionally, we have shown that ATRA can block the function of immune suppressive cells in the tumor and may enhance the function of tumor-killing cells. However, the mechanism by which ATRA inhibits tumor growth remains poorly understood. Therefore, we plan to perform detailed studies using our mouse models of lung cancer to understand the effect of ATRA on immune suppressive cells and tumor killing cells. We believe our findings will lead to a greater understanding of ATRA and may potentially lead to better therapeutic options for patients with lung cancer.
Food allergy: Update on prevention and tolerance
Creators: name: Lack, Gideon
name: Du Toit, George
name: Akdis, Cezmi A.
name: Burks, A. Wesley
name: Plaut, Marshall
name: Sampson, Hugh A.
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2017

description:
Of the many possible hypotheses that explain the recent increase in childhood food allergy (FA), the dual-allergen exposure hypothesis has been the most extensively investigated. This chapter serves as a review and update on the prevention of FA and focuses on recently published randomized controlled trials exploring the efficacy of oral tolerance induction in infancy for the prevention of FA. As a result of these RCTs, National Institutes of Health recommendations now actively encourage the early introduction of peanut for the prevention of peanut allergy, and other countries/settings recommend the inclusion of potential common food allergens, including peanut and egg, in complementary feeding regimens commencing at approximately 6 months but not before 4 months of age. Further studies that explore the efficacy of oral tolerance induction to other common food allergens and that focus on optimal timing, duration, and adherence are required.
Otothyropsis alicula Lippert, Calegari & Reis 2014
Creators: name: Langeani, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Loricariidae
Otothyropsis
Otothyropsis alicula

description: Otothyropsis alicula Lippert, Calegari & Reis (2014).
Paratypes: 1 lot, 4 specimens; DZSJRP 14874, 32.1–34.2 mm SL, rio Santo Antonio, a tributary to rio Sapucaí, rio Grande basin, Delfim Moreira, Minas Gerais, Brazil, el. 890 m, 22°28’05”S, 45°20’57”W, cols. Nicatec team, 18 November 2011.
description: Published as part of Langeani, Francisco, 2017, Annotated catalog of the type specimens deposited at the fish collection of the " Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de São José do Rio Preto ", São Paulo, Brazil (DZSJRP), pp. 435-460 in Zootaxa 4319 (3) on page 454, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4319.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/890303