cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Algebraic structures in comodule categories over weak bialgebras
Creators: name: Walton, Chelsea
name: Wicks, Elizabeth
name: Won, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16T05, 18D10, 16T15

description: For a bialgebra $L$ coacting on a $\Bbbk$-algebra $A$, a classical result states that $A$ is a right $L$-comodule algebra if and only if $A$ is an algebra in the monoidal category $\mathcal{M}^{L}$ of right $L$-comodules; the former notion is formulaic while the latter is categorical. We generalize this result to the setting of weak bialgebras $H$. The category $\mathcal{M}^H$ admits a monoidal structure by work of Nill and Böhm-Caenepeel-Janssen, but the algebras in $\mathcal{M}^H$ are not canonically $\Bbbk$-algebras. Nevertheless, we prove that there is an isomorphism between the category of right $H$-comodule algebras and the category of algebras in $\mathcal{M}^H$. We also recall and introduce the formulaic notion of $H$ coacting on a $\Bbbk$-coalgebra and on a Frobenius $\Bbbk$-algebra, respectively, and prove analogous category isomorphism results. Our work is inspired by the physical applications of Frobenius algebras in tensor categories and by symmetries of algebras with a base algebra larger than the ground field (e.g. path algebras). We produce examples of the latter by constructing a monoidal functor from a certain corepresentation category of a bialgebra $L$ to the corepresentation category of a weak bialgebra built from $L$ (a "quantum transformation groupoid"), thereby creating weak quantum symmetries from ordinary quantum symmetries.
description: v2: 34 pages. Final version
Diploids and polyploids in the Santolina chamaecyparissus complex (Asteraceae) show different karyotype asymmetry
Creators: name: Giacò, Antonio
name: De Giorgi, Paola
name: Astuti, Giovanni
name: Varaldo, Lucia
name: Sáez, Llorenç
name: Carballal, Rodrigo
name: Serrano, Miguel
name: Casazza, Gabriele
name: Caputo, Paolo
name: Bacchetta, Gianluigi
name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: A traditional karyomorphological approach was carried out in order to investigate the cytotaxonomic relationships among the species of the Santolina chamaecyparissus complex. All the 14 species included in this species complex were analysed for a total of 39 populations. Metaphase plates were obtained by squashing root tips stained with Feulgen technique. Measurable metaphase plates available in literature were also re-analysed. Chromosome number (2n), total haploid (monoploid) length (THL), and karyotype asymmetry indices (CVCL and MCA) were calculated for each of the 14 species. Chromosome data are provided for the first time for S. benthamiana and S. vedranensis, while a new hexaploid cytotype is reported for S. villosa. Five different ploidy levels are detected: diploid, triploid (a single individual of the otherwise diploid S. virens), tetraploid, pentaploid, and hexaploid. Our analyses reveal that polyploids are characterized by a more asymmetric karyotype with respect to diploids. The possible origin of polyploids, and in particular of the cultivated pentaploid S. chamaecyparissus, is briefly discussed.
Defining relations for quantum symmetric pair coideals of Kac-Moody type
Creators: name: De Clercq, Hadewijch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B37, 17B67, 81R50

description: Classical symmetric pairs consist of a symmetrizable Kac-Moody algebra $\mathfrak{g}$, together with its subalgebra of fixed points under an involutive automorphism of the second kind. Quantum group analogs of this construction, known as quantum symmetric pairs, replace the fixed point Lie subalgebras by one-sided coideal subalgebras of the quantized enveloping algebra $U_q(\mathfrak{g})$. We provide a complete presentation by generators and relations for these quantum symmetric pair coideal subalgebras. These relations are of inhomogeneous $q$-Serre type and are valid without restrictions on the generalized Cartan matrix. We draw special attention to the split case, where the quantum symmetric pair coideal subalgebras are generalized $q$-Onsager algebras.
description: 51 pages
Interferometric resonance signatures of Majorana bound states
Creators: name: Golub, Anatoly
name: Horovitz, Baruch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the current noise power spectrum in a nanoscopic interferometer consisting of a Majorana bound state (MBS) and a localized spin. We show that for large voltage (though less than the superconducting gap) several strong resonance peaks appear at frequencies that depend on the Zeeman splitting of the localized spin and on its tunneling to the localized spin. We also evaluate the differential conductance and find the unitary limit peak $2e^2/h$ at zero voltage as well as peaks at voltages corresponding to the resonances. We propose that detection of the resonances and related peaks in the differential conductance provide a strong support for the presence of an MBS.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, typos corrected, new reference added
Il Rotolo 3 dell’Archivio capitolare d’Arezzo: un caso ancora aperto
Creators: name: Nicolaj, Giovanna
Publisher: name: Scrineum Rivista
Year: 2018

description: The author once again considers an important document of the Capitular Archive of Arezzo (the Roll 3) whose dating has long been discussed among scholars: some have considered the Roll 3 a copy set up between the end of the 9th century and the beginning of the 10th century, while others considered the scroll an 11th century product. Here it is reiterated the dating to the IX-X century of the document, already proposed by Carlrichard Brühl on the basis of an opinion by Bernhard Bischoff, linking together the history of legal practice of the Carolingian age with the history of writing in Arezzo and its territory.
description: Scrineum Rivista, 15 (2018)
Fast Matlab compatible sparse assembly on multicore computers
Creators: name: Engblom, Stefan
name: Lukarski, Dimitar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68W10, 65Y10

description: We develop and implement in this paper a fast sparse assembly algorithm, the fundamental operation which creates a compressed matrix from raw index data. Since it is often a quite demanding and sometimes critical operation, it is of interest to design a highly efficient implementation. We show how to do this, and moreover, we show how our implementation can be parallelized to utilize the power of modern multicore computers. Our freely available code, fully Matlab compatible, achieves about a factor of 5 times in speedup on a typical 6-core machine and 10 times on a dual-socket 16 core machine compared to the built-in serial implementation.
Optimal Polynomial Prediction Measures and Extremal Polynomial Growth
Creators: name: Bos, L.
name: Levenberg, N.
name: Ortega-Cerda, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the problem of finding the measure supported on a compact subset K of the complex plane such that the variance of the least squares predictor by polynomials of degree at most n at a point exterior to K is a minimum, is equivalent to the problem of finding the polynomial of degree at most n, bounded by 1 on K with extremal growth at this external point. We use this to find the polynomials of extremal growth for the interval [-1,1] at a purely imaginary point. The related problem on the extremal growth of real polynomials was studied by Erdős in 1947.
Bibbie atlantiche e non solo nella biblioteca della cattedrale di Messina in epoca normanna
Creators: name: Caldelli, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Scrineum Rivista
Year: 2018

description: Studying the old Cathedral Library of Messina, whose holdings are today preserved mostly in Madrid (BNE), we have focused on the presence of at least two “Atlantic” Bibles and some non-biblical manuscripts with a format similar to that of the Bibles. The production of these books can be located in Central Italy, perhaps in Rome, since they share features of this region. They transmit mostly biblical commentaries or patristic writings, such as those of Augustine and Gregory the Great. Why were these manuscripts included in the holdings of the Cathedral Library and when? Three hypotheses will be pursued. First, someone from the cathedral staff could have commissioned them, as was the case for the manuscripts of the diocese of Troia, commissioned by Bishop William. Second, the manuscripts could have been bought by the clerics of the cathedral for liturgical needs; third, the manuscripts could have been left as gifts by a donor (one or more clerics) who had arrived in Sicily with his own books. Why was this format chosen for these books? Two hypotheses will be explored. First, the intent to declare the intellectual and political dependency of at least one part of the diocese of Messina on papal power as opposed to other political forces. Or, second, the need to provide books for liturgical and ecclesiastical uses, drawing from the books available in the Norman kingdom or in other lands. In the latter case, the presence of manuscripts with this format might be explained as a preference for book production other than that of Southern Italy, because it seems Norman readers did not have a taste for Southern Italian books in the Beneventana script.
description: Scrineum Rivista, 15 (2018)
Magnetic excitations, phase diagram and order-by-disorder in the extended triangular-lattice Hubbard model
Creators: name: Willsher, Josef
name: Jin, Hui-Ke
name: Knolle, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical structure factor is an important observable of quantum magnets but due to numerical and theoretical limitations, it remains a challenge to make predictions for Hubbard-like models beyond one dimension. In this work, we study the magnetic excitations of the triangular lattice Hubbard model including next-nearest neighbor hopping. Starting from the 120$^{\circ}$ and stripe magnetic orders we compute the magnon spectra within a self-consistent random phase approximation. In the stripe phase, we generically find accidental zero modes related to a classical degeneracy known from the corresponding $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg model. We extend the order-by-disorder mechanism to Hubbard systems and show how quantum fluctuations stabilize the stripe order. In addition, the frustration-induced condensation of magnon modes allows us to map out the entire phase diagram which is in remarkable agreement with recent numerical works. We discuss connections to experiments on triangular lattice compounds and the relation of our results to the proposed chiral spin liquid phase.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Organizzazione territoriale e produzione documentaria tra XII e XIII secolo: primi sondaggi sul caso genovese
Creators: name: Ruzzin, Valentina
Publisher: name: Scrineum Rivista
Year: 2018

description: The paper aims to analyze the imbreviatura of the pronouncements, written by the Genoese notaries, released by the local consules of different territorial realities, in order to verify the adhesion with the documentary model offered by the pronouncements given by the Commune of Genoa, being one of the aspects of the jurisdictional control in fieri.
description: Scrineum Rivista, 15 (2018)
Astragalus sect. Elvendia (Fabaceae), a new tragacanthic section recorded from Mt. Alvand, a center of endemism in W Iran
Creators: name: Bagheri, Ali
name: Maassoumi, Ali Asghar
name: Noroozi, Jalil
name: Blattner, Frank R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: A new section of Astragalus from Mt. Alvand, W Iran, was recognized namely Astragalus sect. Elvendia Bagheri & Maassoumi, sect. nov., which is described here based on A. leucargyreus Bornm. A full description and diagnosis of the new section are given and taxonomic relationships of the section and its allied taxa are discussed. Molecular phylogenetic data obtained from the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as well as plastid ycf1 and matK genes strongly support that the species of the new section is separated from sections Hymenostegis and Adiaspastus, where A. leucargyreus was placed before, and forms a distinct clade. In addition, we discuss the floristic, endemism, and conservation status of the Mt. Alvand region (type locality of the new section). Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2022.2036846 .
Irreversible quantum evolution with quadratic generator: Review
Creators: name: Teretenkov, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81S22, 81Q05, 81V80

description: We review results on GKSL-type equations with multi-modal generators which are quadratic in bosonic or fermionic creation and annihilation operators. General forms of such equations are presented. The Gaussian solutions are obtained in terms of equations for the first and the second moments. Different approaches for their solutions are discussed.
Una Bibbia inedita a Montecassino: il ms. Archivio Privato dell’Abbazia, 3
Creators: name: Casavecchia, Roberta
Publisher: name: Scrineum Rivista
Year: 2018

description: This paper presents an unpublished Bible dating from the second half of the 13th century, acquired from Montecassino’s Abbey in 1882, where it was held in the Private Archive (Montecassino, Archivio Privato dell’Abbazia, 3). The manuscript mirrors the features of the so-called ‘Paris Bible’, with very few exceptions, although it also exhibits some characteristics typical of Bibles produced in Italy during the 13-14th centuries. The analysis of its material and textual features, in particular the manner of its illumination, links this bible to a group of manuscripts presumably produced in the Roman area in the third quarter of the 13th century (now held in collections in Paris, Bologna, Assisi, and Vatican Apostolic Library in Rome).
description: Scrineum Rivista, 15 (2018)
On simultaneous approximation of algebraic numbers
Creators: name: Kumar, Veekesh
name: Thangadurai, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Γ\subset \bar{\mathbb Q}^{\times}$ be a finitely generated multiplicative group of algebraic numbers. Let $α_1,\ldots,α_r\in\bar{\mathbb Q}^\times$ be algebraic numbers which are $\mathbb{Q}$-linearly independent and let $ε>0$ be a given real number. One of the main results that we prove in this article is as follows; There exist only finitely many tuples $(u, q, p_1,\ldots,p_r)\inΓ\times\mathbb{Z}^{r+1}$ with $d = [\mathbb{Q}(u):\mathbb{Q}]$ for some integer $d\geq 1$ satisfying $|α_i q u|>1$, $α_i q u$ is not a pseudo-Pisot number for some integer $i\in\{1, \ldots, r\}$ and $$ 0<|α_j qu-p_j|<\frac{1}{H^ε(u)|q|^{\frac{d}{r}+\varepsilon}} $$ for all integers $j = 1, 2,\ldots, r$, where $H(u)$ is the absolute Weil height. In particular, when $r =1$, this result was proved by Corvaja and Zannier in [3]. As an application of our result, we also prove a transcendence criterion which generalizes a result of Hančl, Kolouch, Pulcerová and Štěpnička in [4]. The proofs rely on the clever use of the subspace theorem and the underlying ideas from the work of Corvaja and Zannier.
description: Accepted for publication in 'Mathematika'
Photon shot-noise limited transient absorption soft X-ray spectroscopy at the European XFEL
Creators: name: Guyader, Loïc Le
name: Eschenlohr, Andrea
name: Beye, Martin
name: Schlotter, William
name: Döring, Florian
name: Carinan, Cammille
name: Hickin, David
name: Agarwal, Naman
name: Boeglin, Christine
name: Bovensiepen, Uwe
name: Buck, Jens
name: Carley, Robert
name: Castoldi, Andrea
name: D'Elia, Alessandro
name: Delitz, Jan-Torben
name: Ehsan, Wajid
name: Engel, Robin
name: Erdinger, Florian
name: Fangohr, Hans
name: Fischer, Peter
name: Fiorini, Carlo
name: Föhlisch, Alexander
name: Gelisio, Luca
name: Gensch, Michael
name: Gerasimova, Natalia
name: Gort, Rafael
name: Hansen, Karsten
name: Hauf, Steffen
name: Izquierdo, Manuel
name: Jal, Emmanuelle
name: Kamil, Ebad
name: Karabekyan, Suren
name: Kluyver, Thomas
name: Laarmann, Tim
name: Lojewski, Tobias
name: Lomidze, David
name: Maffessanti, Stefano
name: Mamyrbayev, Talgat
name: Marcelli, Augusto
name: Mercadier, Laurent
name: Mercurio, Giuseppe
name: Miedema, Piter S.
name: Ollefs, Katharina
name: Rossnagel, Kai
name: Rösner, Benedikt
name: Rothenbach, Nico
name: Samartsev, Andrey
name: Schlappa, Justine
name: Setoodehnia, Kiana
name: Chiuzbaian, Gheorghe Sorin
name: Spieker, Lea
name: Stamm, Christian
name: Stellato, Francesco
name: Techert, Simone
name: Teichmann, Martin
name: Turcato, Monica
name: Van Kuiken, Benjamin
name: Wende, Heiko
name: Yaroslavtsev, Alexander
name: Zhu, Jun
name: Molodtsov, Serguei
name: David, Christian
name: Porro, Matteo
name: Scherz, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Femtosecond transient soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) is a very promising technique that can be employed at X-ray Free Electron Lasers (FELs) to investigate out-of-equilibrium dynamics for material and energy research. Here we present a dedicated setup for soft X-rays available at the Spectroscopy & Coherent Scattering (SCS) instrument at the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (EuXFEL). It consists of a beam-splitting off-axis zone plate (BOZ) used in transmission to create three copies of the incoming beam, which are used to measure the transmitted intensity through the excited and unexcited sample, as well as to monitor the incoming intensity. Since these three intensity signals are detected shot-by-shot and simultaneously, this setup allows normalized shot-by-shot analysis of the transmission. For photon detection, the DSSC imaging detector, which is capable of recording up to 800 images at 4.5 MHz frame rate during the FEL burst, is employed and allows approaching the photon shot-noise limit. We review the setup and its capabilities, as well as the online and offline analysis tools provided to users.
description: 11 figures
Cosmographic analysis of redshift drift
Creators: name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
name: Mimoso, Jose Pedro
name: Visser, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Redshift drift is the phenomenon whereby the observed redshift between an emitter and observer comoving with the Hubble flow in an expanding FLRW universe will slowly evolve -- on a timescale comparable to the Hubble time. There are nevertheless serious astrometric proposals for actually observing this effect. We shall however pursue a more abstract theoretical goal, and perform a general cosmographic analysis of this effect, eschewing (for now) dynamical considerations in favour of purely kinematic symmetry considerations and Taylor series expansions based on FLRW spacetimes. We shall develop various exact results and series expansions for the redshift drift (and its derivative) in terms of the present day Hubble, deceleration, jerk, snap, crackle, and pop parameters, as well as the present day redshift of the source. In particular, potential observation of this redshift drift effect is intimately related to the universe exhibiting a nonzero deceleration parameter.
description: V1: 24 pages. V2: 25 pages, 2 references added, no physics changes; V3: Now 24 Pages; this version closely resembles the final published version. (Reformatted; some discussion added; several references added.)
Correlation Analysis of Decaying Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter in the Context of the SRG Mission
Creators: name: Barinov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a correlation analysis of signatures associated with traces of the dark matter decay and the galaxy spatial distribution according to the 2MRS catalog of galaxies. Signature data analysis plays an important role in the context of current and future observations and cosmological constraints. Attention is paid to the constraints that can be obtained for decaying sterile neutrinos when analyzing observations in the context of the Spectr-Roentegn-Gamma (SRG) mission. We study the correlation spectra of dark matter and galaxies, which can be obtained both for the eROSITA telescope and for the first time for the ART-XC telescope. The analysis is carried out both within the framework of the Limber approximation and within the framework of the extended Limber approximation, which makes it possible to more accurately study the power spectra in the region of small multipoles. We calculate the power spectra in both approaches and examine the contribution of different ranges of multipoles to the resulting constraints on sterile neutrino parameters.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
What is a Natural SUSY scenario?
Creators: name: Casas, J. Alberto
name: Moreno, Jesus M.
name: Robles, Sandra
name: Rolbiecki, Krzysztof
name: Zaldivar, Bryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea of "Natural SUSY", understood as a supersymmetric scenario where the fine-tuning is as mild as possible, is a reasonable guide to explore supersymmetric phenomenology. In this paper, we re-examine this issue in the context of the MSSM including several improvements, such as the mixing of the fine-tuning conditions for different soft terms and the presence of potential extra fine-tunings that must be combined with the electroweak one. We give tables and plots that allow to easily evaluate the fine-tuning and the corresponding naturalness bounds for any theoretical model defined at any high-energy (HE) scale. Then, we analyze in detail the complete fine-tuning bounds for the unconstrained MSSM, defined at any HE scale. We show that Natural SUSY does not demand light stops. Actually, an average stop mass below 800 GeV is disfavored, though one of the stops might be very light. Regarding phenomenology, the most stringent upper bound from naturalness is the one on the gluino mass, which typically sets the present level of fine-tuning at ${\cal O}(1\%)$. However, this result presents a strong dependence on the HE scale. E.g. if the latter is $10^7$ GeV the level of fine-tuning is $\sim$ four times less severe. Finally, the most robust result of Natural SUSY is by far that Higgsinos should be rather light, certainly below 700 GeV for a fine-tuning of ${\cal O}(1\%)$ or milder. Incidentally, this upper bound is not far from $\simeq1$ TeV, which is the value required if dark matter is made of Higgsinos.
description: 41 pages, 8 figures, 9 tables. References added, matches JHEP published version
PARTISANSHIP AND SATISFACTION WITH DEMOCRACY: AN EXAMINATION OF DIFFERENT SHADES OF NEGATIVE PARTISANS
Creators: name: Castro, Eliza Maria Osorio
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 440803
subject: Comparative government and politics

description: Negative partisanship, which stems from negative affect towards an opposing party, exerts influence on evaluations of democratic performance (see Ridge 2020; Spoon and Kanthak 2019), but we still need to add more pieces to the puzzle of negative partisanship. To contribute to this literature, I examine negative partisans against another group with similar parameters on the negative side of the spectrum. I argue that our partisanship is not unidimensional, negative positions could exist beyond one party, and we could be negatively inclined to more than one party. The experience of democracies is used as a baseline to analyze the systemic effects on satisfaction with democracy over both types of partisans. First, social identities are explored to establish the foundation of the proposed partisans. Findings showed that negative partisans are affected by two motivators: marginalization and a threat to the status quo. In some cases, clear trends were uncovered regardless of the status of democracy, and some others diverged by context and became clearer when democratic settings were explored. Evidence also showed that the regime’s status as consolidated or young democracy plays an important role when negative partisans ponder how their democracy is performing. Finally, when emotional piling happens, satisfaction with democracy is affected negatively due to vulnerability to frustration. The background of the regime is another piece that differentiates negative partisans because democracies built on ideological post-communist regimes are not the same as a background of one-party rule or a military regime. Findings showed that institutional pacts from these regimes through authoritarian successor parties are not as negative in the effects from parties that are the product of the new regime. Also, satisfaction over time certainly makes negative partisans more comfortable with democracies, regardless of the setbacks and even how polarized the systems are. Moreover, systemic elements affect negative partisans’ perception of democracy’s performance through compensatory and non-compensatory mechanisms. Negative partisans behave differently not only in different democratic settings but also when they are following the rules to elect representatives. They are affected more negatively in their satisfaction when their partisanship is stronger or without the influence of a party. This context is exacerbated when the electoral design or system has dynamics that incentivize rivalry compared to “include all” or mixed designs. This study adds elements to the literature of negative partisanship and opens new lines to examine negative partisans worldwide.
Different degrees of non-compactness for optimal Sobolev embeddings
Creators: name: Lang, Jan
name: Mihula, Zdeněk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E35 (Primary) 47B06, 46B50 (Secondary)

description: The structure of non-compactness of optimal Sobolev embeddings of $m$-th order into the class of Lebesgue spaces and into that of all rearrangement-invariant function spaces is quantitatively studied. Sharp two-sided estimates of Bernstein numbers of such embeddings are obtained. It is shown that, whereas the optimal Sobolev embedding within the class of Lebesgue spaces is finitely strictly singular, the optimal Sobolev embedding in the class of all rearrangement-invariant function spaces is not even strictly singular.
description: 21 pages
Syzygies in equivariant cohomology for non-abelian Lie groups
Creators: name: Franz, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55N91 (Primary), 13C14, 13D02, 57R91 (Secondary)

description: We extend the work of Allday-Franz-Puppe on syzygies in equivariant cohomology from tori to arbitrary compact connected Lie groups G. In particular, we show that for a compact orientable G-manifold X the analogue of the Chang-Skjelbred sequence is exact if and only if the equivariant cohomology of X is reflexive, if and only if the equivariant Poincare pairing for X is perfect. Along the way we establish that the equivariant cohomology modules arising from the orbit filtration of X are Cohen-Macaulay. We allow singular spaces and introduce a Cartan model for their equivariant cohomology. We also develop a criterion for the finiteness of the number of infinitesimal orbit types of a G-manifold.
description: 28 pages; minor changes
Medical Physics and the Metaverse
Creators: name: Douglass, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: medical physics
bolus
surface mold
radiotherapy
metaverse
photogrammetry
lidar
neural radiance field
nerf
3d scanning

description: The video game industry gave rise to the current innovations in deep learning research that we are seeing today, through the development of fast and affordable GPU technology. The next technological revolution, augmented/virtual reality and the Metaverse will benefit medical physics through accurate and affordable 3D scanning and 3D printing technologies which have seen widespread adoption for commercial applications. Such technologies include photogrammetry, Lidar and structured light scanning (SLS) [1,2] which are now available on some consumer smartphones. SLS is already used in radiation oncology for surface guided radiation therapy. Photogrammetry and Lidar scanning are two inexpensive technologies for 3D printing patient specific bolus [1,3] for external beam radiotherapy treatments or superficial brachytherapy applicators. In this horizon scanning presentation, we discuss recent developments in the field of optical 3D scanning technologies in radiation oncology which may compliment CT and MRI as a useful imaging modality in a radiation therapy treatment planning workflow.
Hyperbolic Secant Varieties of M-Curves
Creators: name: Kummer, Mario
name: Sinn, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M12, 14P05, 14P25

description: We relate the geometry of curves to the notion of hyperbolicity in real algebraic geometry. A hyperbolic variety is a real algebraic variety that (in particular) admits a real fibered morphism to a projective space whose dimension is equal to the dimension of the variety. We study hyperbolic varieties with a special interest in the case of hypersurfaces that admit a real algebraic ruling. The central part of the paper is concerned with secant varieties of real algebraic curves where the real locus has the maximal number of connected components, which is determined by the genus of the curve. For elliptic normal curves, we further obtain definite symmetric determinantal representations for the hyperbolic secant hypersurfaces, which implies the existence of symmetric Ulrich sheaves of rank one on these hypersurfaces.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures; Comments welcome!
Nondestructive thermographic detection of internal defects using pixel-pattern based laser excitation and photothermal super resolution reconstruction
Creators: name: Lecompagnon, Julien
name: Hirsch, Philipp Daniel
name: Rupprecht, Christian
name: Ziegler, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we present a novel approach to photothermal super resolution based thermographic resolution of internal defects using two-dimensional pixel pattern-based active photothermal laser heating in conjunction with subsequent numerical reconstruction to achieve a high-resolution reconstruction of internal defect structures. With the proposed adoption of pixelated patterns generated using laser coupled high-power DLP projector technology the complexity for achieving true two-dimensional super resolution can be dramatically reduced taking a crucial step forward towards widespread practical viability. Furthermore, based on the latest developments in high-power DLP projectors, we present their first application for structured pulsed thermographic inspection of macroscopic metal samples. In addition, a forward solution to the underlying inverse problem is proposed along with an appropriate heuristic to find the regularization parameters necessary for the numerical inversion in a laboratory setting. This allows the generation of synthetic measurement data, opening the door for the application of machine learning based methods for future improvements towards full automation of the method. Finally, the proposed method is experimentally validated and shown to outperform several established conventional thermographic testing techniques while conservatively improving the required measurement times by a factor of 8 compared to currently available photothermal super resolution techniques.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Line Simplification
Creators: name: Jiang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an important practice of map generalization, the aim of line simplification is to reduce the number of points without destroying the essential shape or the salient character of a cartographic curve. This subject has been well-studied in the literature. This entry attempts to introduce how line simplification can be guided by fractal geometry, or the recurring scaling pattern of far more small things than large ones. The line simplification process involves nothing more than removing small things while retaining large ones based on head/tail breaks.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Borel structures on the space of left-orderings
Creators: name: Calderoni, Filippo
name: Clay, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E15, 06F15, 20F60, 54H05

description: In this paper we study the Borel structure of the space of left-orderings $\mathrm{LO}(G)$ of a group $G$ modulo the natural conjugacy action, and by using tools from descriptive set theory we find many examples of countable left-orderable groups such that the quotient space $\mathrm{LO}(G)/G$ is not standard. This answers a question of Deroin, Navas, and Rivas. We also prove that the countable Borel equivalence relation induced from the conjugacy action of $\mathbb{F}_{2}$ on $\mathrm{LO}(\mathbb{F}_{2})$ is universal, and leverage this result to provide many other examples of countable left-orderable groups $G$ such that the natural $G$-action on $\mathrm{LO}(G)$ induces a universal countable Borel equivalence relation.
description: Example 2.10 was fixed. This version supersedes the published version
ESM1 from Colour moult phenology and camouflage mismatch in polymorphic populations of Arctic foxes
Creators: name: Zimova, Marketa
name: Moberg, Dick
name: Mills, L. Scott
name: Dietz, Andreas J.
name: Angerbjörn, Anders
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Supplementary text, figures and tables
Geometric stability of the Coulomb energy
Creators: name: Burchard, Almut
name: Chambers, Gregory R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 26D15, 31B05, 35J35, 51M16

description: The Coulomb energy of a charge that is uniformly distributed on some set is maximized (among sets of given volume) by balls. It is shown here that near-maximizers are close to balls.
description: 12 pages. Very minor revision --- corrected typos, added acknowledgments, and u[dated references
Improved bounds on sizes of generalized caps in $AG(n,q)$
Creators: name: Tait, Michael
name: Won, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B10, 05D99, 11B75, 51E15

description: An $m$-general set in $AG(n,q)$ is a set of points such that any subset of size $m$ is in general position. A $3$-general set is often called a capset. In this paper, we study the maximum size of an $m$-general set in $AG(n,q)$, significantly improving previous results. When $m=4$ and $q=2$ we give a precise estimate, solving a problem raised by Bennett.
description: Revised version. To appear in SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics
Time-dependent theory of optical electro- and magnetostriction
Creators: name: Partanen, Mikko
name: Anghinoni, Bruno
name: Astrath, Nelson G. C.
name: Tulkki, Jukka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrostriction, the deformation of dielectric materials under the influence of an electric field, is of continuous interest in optics. The classic experiment by Hakim and Higham [Proc. Phys. Soc. 80, 190 (1962)] for a stationary field supports a different formula of the electrostrictive force density than the recent experiment by Astrath et al. [Light Sci. Appl. 11, 103 (2022)] for an optical field. In this work, we study the origin of this difference by developing a time-dependent covariant theory of optical force densities in photonic materials. When a light pulse propagates in a bulk dielectric, the field-induced force density consists of two parts: (i) The optical wave momentum force density carries the wave momentum of light and drives forward a mass density wave of the covariant coupled field-material state of light. (ii) The optostrictive force density arises from the atomic density dependence of the electric and magnetic field energy densities. It represents an optical Lorentz-force-law-based generalization of the electro- and magnetostrictive force densities well known for static electromagnetic fields and derived from the principle of virtual work. Since the work done by the optostrictive force density is not equal to the change of the field energy density during the contraction of the material, we have to describe this difference by optostriction-related dissipation terms to fulfill the energy conservation. The detailed physical model of the dissipation is left for further works. The optostrictive force density can be understood in terms of field-induced pair interactions inside the material. Because of the related action and reaction effects, this force density cannot contribute to the net momentum transfer of the optical field. We also use the theory to simulate the propagation of a Gaussian light pulse through a dielectric material.
Secure multi-party quantum computation with few qubits
Creators: name: Lipinska, Victoria
name: Ribeiro, Jérémy
name: Wehner, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the task of secure multi-party distributed quantum computation on a quantum network. We propose a protocol based on quantum error correction which reduces the number of necessary qubits. That is, each of the $n$ nodes in our protocol requires an operational workspace of $n^2+Θ(s) n$ qubits, as opposed to previously shown $Ω\big((n^3+n^2s^2)\log n\big)$ qubits, where $s$ is a security parameter. To achieve universal computation, we develop a distributed procedure for verifying magic states based on magic state distillation and statistical testing of randomly selected states. This allows us to apply distributed $T$ gate and which may be of independent interest. We showcase our protocol on a small example for a 7-node network.
description: 12 + 5 (appendix) + 5 pages (erratum), 5 figures
Copula deep learning control chart for multivariate zero inflated count response variables
Creators: name: Kim, Jong-Min
name: Do Ha, Il
name: Kim, Sangjin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: With the increasing popularity of big data analysis, research on zero-inflated count data with the copula method has garnered significant attention because zero-inflated count data do not follow a normal distribution and have high correlation among variables. Within the domain of quality control, there has been limited emphasis on multivariate statistical process control (SPC) techniques that specifically address the challenge of multicollinearity within regression models for multivariate zero-inflated count responses. In this paper, we explain a computational challenge in handling big data with parametric generalized linear models, such as the zero-inflated Poisson model. This challenge motivates us to introduce a copula-based deep learning and neural network model involving multivariate zero-inflated count response variables with highly correlated explanatory variables. This approach builds upon existing deep learning and neural network models designed for univariate count responses, expanding them to encompass multivariate count response models through the integration of a copula regression framework. To evaluate the performance of our proposed methodology, we conduct a comparative analysis of accuracies using the zero-inflated Poisson model, univariate deep learning and neural network models, multivariate count response deep learning and neural network models, and our proposed copula deep learning and neural network models. This assessment involves employing metrics such as root mean square error (RMSE), weighted mean absolute percentage error (WMAPE), and mean absolute deviation (MAD). We include both copula-based asymmetrical zero-inflated simulated data and real-world data. We also propose a temporal dependence control chart for assessing the temporal dependence between bivariate zero-inflated count response variables. Our proposed copula deep learning and neural network temporal control charts can check time-varying dependence and outliers by leveraging the Shewhart statistical process control chart and t-copula ARMA-GARCH dynamic control correlation.
'Majorana mass' fermions as untrue Majorana particles, rather endowed with pseudoscalar-type charges than genuinely neutral
Creators: name: Ziino, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea of a `Majorana mass' to make a chiral neutrino really neutral is here reconsidered. It is pointed out that such an approach, unlike Majorana's (non-chiral) old one, does not strictly lead, in general, to a true self-conjugate particle. This can be seen on directly using the basic definition (or fundamental representation) of charge conjugation $C$ in Quantum Field Theory, as an operation just acting on annihilation and creation operators and just expressing particle--antiparticle interchange. It is found, indeed, that the `active' and `sterile' whole fields which can be obtained from mixing the chiral components of two mutually charge-conjugate Dirac fields are themselves `charge conjugate' to each other (rather than individually self-conjugate). These fields, taken as mass eigenfields (as in the `Majorana mass' case), are shown to describe particles carrying pseudoscalar-type charges and being neutral relative to scalar-type charges only. For them, `$CP$ symmetry' would be nothing but pure mirror symmetry, and $C$ violation (already implied in their respective `active' and `sterile' behaviors) should then involve time-reversal violation as well. The new (no longer strictly chargeless) `Majorana mass' neutrino model still proves, however, neither to affect the usual expectation for a neutrinoless double $β$-decay, nor to prevent `active' and `sterile' neutrino varieties from generally taking different mass values. One has, on the other hand, that any fermion being just a genuine (i.e. really self-conjugate) Majorana particle cannot truly exist in two distinct $-$ `active' and `sterile' $-$ versions, and it can further bear only a unified mass kind which may at once be said to be either a `Majorana-like' or a `Dirac-like' mass kind.
description: The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/[10.1007/s10773-015-2818-5]
RD50-MPW3: A fully monolithic digital CMOS sensor for future tracking detectors
Creators: name: Sieberer, Patrick
name: Zhang, Chenfan
name: Bergauer, Thomas
name: Mohr, Raimon Casanova
name: Irmler, Christian
name: Karim, Nissar
name: de Cos, Jose Mazorra
name: Pilsl, Bernhard
name: Vilella, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CERN-RD50 CMOS working group develops the RD50-MPWseries of monolithic high-voltage CMOS pixel sensors for potential use in future high luminosity experiments such as the HL-LHC and FCC-hh. In this contribution, the design of the latest prototype in this series, RD50-MPW3, is presented. An overview of its pixel matrix and digital readout periphery is given, with discussion of the new structures implemented in the chip and the problems they aim to solve. The main analog and digital features of the sensor are already tested and initial laboratory characterisation of the chip is presented.
Grand unified hidden-sector dark matter
Creators: name: Lonsdale, Stephen J.
name: Volkas, Raymond R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore GxG unified theories with the visible and the hidden or dark sectors paired under a Z2 symmetry. Developing a system of 'asymmetric symmetry breaking' we motivate such models on the basis of their ability to generate dark baryons that are confined with a mass scale just above that of the proton, as motivated by asymmetric dark matter. This difference is achieved from the distinct but related confinement scales that develop in unified theories that have the two factors of $G$ spontaneously breaking in an asymmetric manner. We show how Higgs potentials that admit different gauge group breaking chains in each sector can be constructed, and demonstrate the capacity for generating different fermion mass scales. Lastly we discuss supersymmetric extensions of such schemes.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, Revised version to match published version in Phys. Rev. D. Corrected figures 3-6
Taking advantage of multiplet structure for lineshape analysis in Fourier space
Creators: name: Beckert, Adrian
name: Sigg, Hans
name: Aeppli, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lineshape analysis is a recurrent and often computationally intensive task in optics, even more so for multiple peaks in the presence of noise. We demonstrate an algorithm which takes advantage of peak multiplicity (N) to retrieve line shape information. The method is exemplified via analysis of Lorentzian and Gaussian contributions to individual lineshapes for a practical spectroscopic measurement and benefits from a linear increase in sensitivity with the number N. The robustness of the method and its benefits in terms of noise reduction and order of magnitude improvement in run-time performance are discussed.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures