cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thiol-Methylsulfone Based Hydrogels: Enhanced Control on Gelation Kinetics for 3D Cell Encapsulation
Creators: name: Farrukh, Aleeza
name: Włodarczyk-Biegun, Malgorzata K.
name: Del Campo, Aránzazu
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : American Chemical Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 3D cell culture
subject: thiol-mediated chemistry
subject: coupling under physiological conditions
subject: aromatic methylsulfones
subject: gelation kinetics
subject: 540

description: Hydrogels are useful temporal matrices for cell culture technologies. The successful mixing and encapsulation of cells within the gel requires the selection of efficient and cytocompatible gelation reactions occurring in the minute timescale under physiological conditions. The thiol-methylsulfonyl (MS) chemical reaction is introduced here as a novel chemistry to encapsulate cells in polymeric matrices. Thiol-MS crosslinking does not require a light activation step and can occur within the seconds-to-minutes timescale by adjusting the pH in the physiological range 8.0-6.6. This reaction is cytocompatible and the reaction product is hydrolytically stable in cell culture media up to 4 weeks. Cell encapsulation protocols enabling comfortable handling and yielding homogenous distribution of the embedded cells are described. All these features are relevant for the application of this crosslinking reaction to biomedical scenarios. Finally, this manuscript also compares the performance of thiol-MS hydrogels with the established thiol-maleimide and thiol-vinylsulfone hydrogels. The benefit of thiol-MS crosslinking in terms of control over hydrogelation kinetics is demonstrated.
title: Effects of Heavy Metals (Cadmium, Copper, and Mercury) on Reproduction, Growth, and Survival of Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina) from the Great Salt Lake
Creators: name: Gebhardt, Karl A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: The purpose of this paper is to report findings concerning the effects of cadmium , copper, and mercury on the brine shrimp Artemia Salina, of the Great Salt Lake. Metal toxicity was observed in relation to acute susceptibility, growth, reproduction, and hatching of the brine shrimp.
Heavy metal concentrations such as cadmium, copper, and mercury are known to be considerably higher in the Great Salt Lake than those in both freshwater and seawater. No published study has been concerned with heavy metal effects on organisms in salinities greater than seawater (35 grams per liter total dissolved solids). The experiments reported in this paper were carried out in salinities approximating the Great Salt Lake (150-320 grams per liter total dissolved solids).
Results of this study indicate that cadmium, copper, and mercury toxicities to the brine shrimp may not be comparable at varying salinities. Findings of acute toxicity experiments were compared to other heavy metal studies on marine organisms. The brine shrimp was found to be very resistant to cadmium and copper poisoning and moderately resistant to mercury.
Neither cadmium nor copper inhibited hatching of the brine shrimp eggs although mercury caused severe inhibition at concentrations of 0.3 milligrams per liter. Only cadmium at concentrations between 1.0 and 33 milligrams per liter significantly suppressed growth rate and reproduction. Mercury and copper were not found to affect growth and reproduction below concentrations causing acute poisoning.
Mercury was found to be the most lethal to the adult brine shrimp with a range of times to 50 percent mortality from 126 to 8.5 hours at mercury concentrations of 0.01 to 100 milligrams per liter respectively. Copper caused mortalities at concentrations of 1 to 67 milligrams per liter with respective times to 50 percent mortality of 124 and 12 hours. Copper was shown to precipitate out at concentrations near 12 milligrams per liter, Cadmium was found to be the least lethal with a range of times to 50 percent mortality from 94 to 320 hours with respective cadmium concentrations of 100 and 3.3 milligrams per liter.
Professional autonomy as a criterion for classification of social work tasks in a child welfare setting
Creators: name: Carlton, Lois M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study developed from results obtained in a recent MSW thesis entitled, "Utilization of Manpower at Children’s Aid Society of Vancouver, B.C." by Adams, et. al. (U.B.C. School of Social Work, 1967). In the main, our assignment was to select and rank a wide range of tasks performed by agency staff in the field of child welfare. Using the Adams et. al. recommendation regarding "worker autonomy," we selected a panel of fifteen judges representing the three levels of employment - administrative, supervisory, and line worker, developed an adequate method of judging, and analysed the data. The Adams, et. al. study proved useful in our inquiry in providing clues to the various personal assignments we had set for our project group. The entire project covered a period of less than three months and because of this comparatively short research period, we resorted to simplified techniques of judging. We found a high percentage of agreement among the judges. This not only indicates that the tasks can be differentiated by social workers in the field of child welfare but also that the "forced choice" phase of the judging probably does not adversely affect reliability. Further, we suggested in the Adam's study, it would appear that "worker autonomy” can usefully be used as a criterion in ranking tasks in a child welfare agency.
Polityka Spójności na lata 2014-2020 jako kluczowy instrument finansowy w rozwoju gospodarczym JST
Creators: name: Wylon, Mirosław
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Prezentacja przedstawia kierunki wsparcia Polityki Spójności na lata 2014-2020 w Polsce w ujęciu przestrzennym na poziomie powiatów. Szczegółowej analizie poddano projekty wdrażane przez jednostki samorządu terytorialnego z naciskiem na liczbę podpsianych umów oraz wielkość dofinansowania UE według wybranych obszarów wsparcia. Porównano także poziom wsparcia z Polityki Spójności z natężeniem obszarów problemowych wskazanych  Krajowej Strategii Rozwoju Regionalnego 2030.
Dark matter annihilation and non-thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect: I. galaxy cluster
Creators: name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Bi, Xiaojun
name: Huang, Feng
name: Chen, Xuelei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we calculate the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect due to the $e^+e^-$ from dark matter (DM) annihilation in galaxy clusters. Two candidates of DM particle, (1) the weakly-interacting massive particle (WIMP) and (2) the light dark matter (LDM) are investigated. For each case, we also consider several DM profiles with and without central cusp. We generally find smaller signals than previously reported. Moreover, the diffusion of electrons and positrons in the galaxy clusters, which was generally thought to be negligible, is considered and found to have significant effect on the central electron/positron distribution for DM profile with large spatial gradient. We find that the SZ effect from WIMP is almost always non-observable, even for the highly cuspy DM profile, and using the next generation SZ interferometer such as ALMA. Although the signal of the LDM is much larger than that of the WIMP, the final SZ effect is still very small due to the smoothing effect of diffusion. Only for the configuration with large central cusp and extremely small diffusion effect, the LDM induced SZ effect might have a bit chance of being detected.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures and 1 table. Added the diffusion of electrons. Accepted for publication in JCAP
title: Attitudinal Effects of Unified Mathematics at Hillcrest High School
Creators: name: Samuels, Willis Dean
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between ( 1) attitude as expressed on Aiken 1s Mathematics Attitude Scale between students who had been taught Unified Mathematics and similar students who had not been taught Unified Mathematics. The sample consisted of 37 students in the treatment group and 46 students in the control group.
The students were given a copy of Aiken's Mathematics Attitude Scale. The responses were scored by the researcher. Seven null hypotheses were examined by calculating the means and standard deviations of each group. Comparison of the posttest means was performed by using the z test for each of the relationships stated in seven hypotheses.
It was concluded from this study that:
1. The Unified Mathematics program had a less positive effect on the attitudes of the students in the treatment than students in the control group.
2. The Unified Mathematics program had a negative effect on females in the treatment but not on the males in the same group.
3 . The non-Unified Mathematics program did not produce negative attitudes on students as did the Unified Mathematics program.
4. The Unified Mathematics program had no negative effect on the attitudes of male students.
title: Plant Demographic Studies of Tall Threetip Sagebrush-Grass Vegetation on the Eastern Snake River Plains, Idaho
Creators: name: Rea, Kenneth Harold
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: It has commonly been assumed that grazing decreases the longevity of plants, however, very few studies address this question. Knowledge of mean age, longevity and other aspects of population dynamics would help improve estimates of productivity and nutrient cycling and aid understanding of range condition and trend. These data would also aid in developing a theory of community organization and control.
As a step toward these ends, pantograph records from twelve 1 m2 plots established at the U. S. Sheep Station on the Snake River Plains of southeastern Idaho between 1923 and ' l935 were examined. The plots were mapped almost yearly until 1956. These records were analyzed for establishment and survival of populations of major vascular, perennial plant species of the tall threetip sagebrush-grass vegetation type.
Average longevities of the grazed plants were significantly different from ungrazed populations for some species. For the pastures grazed by sheep in the fall the average longevities of the dominant grass and two subdominant grasses were increased whereas the average longevity of tall threetip sagebrush was reduced by grazing. The differences in average longevity due to grazing are thought due to alteration of competitive relationships. The photosynthetically active sagebrush is sensitive to grazing in the fall whereas the grasses are dormant. A slight reduction in the total volume of the sagebrush apparently releases resources to the grasses the following spring.
The greatest mortality was observed during the first year of life for all species . Survivorship curves for the first eleven years of life of most species could be linearized by logarithmic transformations on both axes indicating that the chance for survival improved with age, up to the physiological maximum.
No linear relationships of increasing size to age were found in these plants. This indicates a considerable plasticity in the growth characteristics of these plants, where in poor years negative growth can occur by the reduction of unsupportable biomass. This all ows plant size to fluctuate with fluctuating environment, and allows for stands of even sized plants with great age differences.
Labeling recruitment to these plant populations as "pulse" phenomena becomes a matter of definition. If a log-normal distribution is expected, as indicated by some researchers, outliers are not present and "pulse" regeneration does not occur in this system. However, if recruitment is expected to follow a normal distribution then the years with high numbers of seedlings become "pulses," by definition.
From these analyses, it appears that these semi-desert communities are closed (the available resources are totally used) and replacement of individuals is somewhat random following more or less random death.
ROS from Physical Plasmas: Redox Chemistry for Biomedical Therapy
Creators: name: Privat-Maldonado, Angela
name: Schmidt, Anke
name: Lin, Abraham
name: Weltmann, Klaus-Dieter
name: Wende, Kristian
name: Bogaerts, Annemie
name: Bekeschus, Sander
Publisher: name: London: Hindawi
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physical plasmas
subject: reactive oxygen
subject: nitrogen species
subject: 610

description: Physical plasmas generate unique mixes of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS or ROS). Only a bit more than a decade ago, these plasmas, operating at body temperature, started to be considered for medical therapy with considerably little mechanistic redox chemistry or biomedical research existing on that topic at that time. Today, a vast body of evidence is available on physical plasma-derived ROS, from their spatiotemporal resolution in the plasma gas phase to sophisticated chemical and biochemical analysis of these species once dissolved in liquids. Data from in silico analysis dissected potential reaction pathways of plasma-derived reactive species with biological membranes, and in vitro and in vivo experiments in cell and animal disease models identified molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic benefits of physical plasmas. In 2013, the first medical plasma systems entered the European market as class IIa devices and have proven to be a valuable resource in dermatology, especially for supporting the healing of chronic wounds. The first results in cancer patients treated with plasma are promising, too. Due to the many potentials of this blooming new field ahead, there is a need to highlight the main concepts distilled from plasma research in chemistry and biology that serve as a mechanistic link between plasma physics (how and which plasma-derived ROS are produced) and therapy (what is the medical benefit). This inevitably puts cellular membranes in focus, as these are the natural interphase between ROS produced by plasmas and translation of their chemical reactivity into distinct biological responses. © 2019 Angela Privat-Maldonado et al.
Spacetime and orbits of bumpy black holes
Creators: name: Vigeland, Sarah J.
name: Hughes, Scott A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our universe contains a great number of extremely compact and massive objects which are generally accepted to be black holes. Precise observations of orbital motion near candidate black holes have the potential to determine if they have the spacetime structure that general relativity demands. As a means of formulating measurements to test the black hole nature of these objects, Collins and Hughes introduced "bumpy black holes": objects that are almost, but not quite, general relativity's black holes. The spacetimes of these objects have multipoles that deviate slightly from the black hole solution, reducing to black holes when the deviation is zero. In this paper, we extend this work in two ways. First, we show how to introduce bumps which are smoother and lead to better behaved orbits than those in the original presentation. Second, we show how to make bumpy Kerr black holes -- objects which reduce to the Kerr solution when the deviation goes to zero. This greatly extends the astrophysical applicability of bumpy black holes. Using Hamilton-Jacobi techniques, we show how a spacetime's bumps are imprinted on orbital frequencies, and thus can be determined by measurements which coherently track a small orbiting body's orbital phase. We find that weak-field orbits of bumpy black holes are modified exactly as expected from a Newtonian analysis of a body with a prescribed multipolar structure, reproducing well-known results from the celestial mechanics literature. The impact of bumps on strong-field orbits is especially strong, suggesting that this framework will allow observations to set robust limits on the extent to which a spacetime's multipoles deviate from the black hole expectation.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures, accepted to Phys. Rev. D. This version corrects some typos and incorporates suggested edits
On the physical properties of z~6-8 galaxies
Creators: name: Schaerer, Daniel
name: de Barros, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the most distant galaxies discovered with the Hubble Space telescope and from the COSMOS survey and determine their physical properties, such as stellar age and mass, dust attenuation, and star-formation rate. We use our SED fitting tool including the effects of nebular emission to analyse three samples of z ~6-8 galaxies with observed magnitudes J_AB~23 to 29. Our models cover a wide parameter space. We find that the physical parameters of most galaxies cover a wide range of acceptable values. Stellar ages, in particular, are not strongly constrained, even for objects detected longward of the Balmer break. As already pointed out earlier, the effects of nebular lines significantly affect the age determinations of star-forming galaxies at z ~6-8. We find no need for stellar populations with extreme metallicities or other non-standard assumptions (IMF, escape fraction) to explain the observed properties of faint z-dropout galaxies. Albeit with large uncertainties, our fit results show indications of dust attenuation in some of the z ~6-8 galaxies, which have best-fit values of A_V up to ~1. Furthermore, we find a possible trend of increasing dust attenuation with galaxy mass, and a relatively large scatter in specific star-formation rates, SFR/M*. The physical parameters of very high-z galaxies may be more uncertain than indicated by previous studies. Dust attenuation seems also to be present in some z ~6-8 galaxies, and may be correlated with galaxy mass, as is also the case for SFR.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 28 Figures. Final, language edited version, with Figs. 6 and 12 corrected.
title: Aerial Photography in Estimating Waterfowl Populations in Northern Utah
Creators: name: Provan, Timothy H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: The purpose of this project was to evaluate effectiveness of aerial photography as a waterfowl census technique. An aerial photographic pattern was formulated and tested during the spring and fall months of 1971 and 1972 at Ogden Bay Waterfowl Management Area, Weber County, Utah. The reliability and feasibility of the technique for censusing waterfowl proved effective and practical.
Eight flights per season, 4 routes per flight, and 30 photos per route taken over unit 1 of the Ogden Bay Waterfowl Management Area was the experimental design or pattern for the study. The level of accuracy and the cost involved with this design was:
Spring 1971 27% sampling error cost $566.90
Spring 1972 33% sampling error cost $566.90
Fall 1971 30% sampling error cost $566.90
Fall 1972 17% sampling error cost $566.90
The effectiveness of other patterns were calculated using different intensities of flights, routes and photos. The patterns of flights, routes, photos, and costs calculated to achieve reliable and feasible estimates of waterfowl numbers at an acceptable sampling error of 21% or less at the 95% confidence level, calculated in tabular form, would have varied per season from 6 flights, 4 routes, and 5 photos to 16 flights, 6 routes, and 35 photos; costing from $220.00 to $1,550.00.
Two-dimensional magnetism in the pnictide superconductor parent material SrFeAsF probed by muon-spin relaxation
Creators: name: Baker, P. J.
name: Franke, I.
name: Lancaster, T.
name: Blundell, S. J.
name: Kerslake, L.
name: Clarke, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report muon-spin relaxation measurements on SrFeAsF, which is the parent compound of a newly discovered iron-arsenic-fluoride based series of superconducting materials. We find that this material has very similar magnetic properties to LaFeAsO, such as separated magnetic and structural transitions (TN = 120 K, Ts = 175 K), contrasting with SrFe2As2 where they are coincident. The muon oscillation frequencies fall away very sharply at TN, which suggests that the magnetic exchange between the layers is weaker than in comparable oxypnictide compounds. This is consistent with our specific heat measurements, which find that the entropy change S = 0.05 J/mol/K largely occurs at the structural transition and there is no anomaly at TN.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
DEVELOPING METHODS OF USING WATER ENERGY IN IRRIGATION NETVORKS
Creators: name: Norkulov, Bexzod
name: Hazratov, Ruslan
name: Karimova, Dilorom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The article presents the results of research on improving the reliability of electricity for the local population through small and micro hydroelectric power plants, as well as providing electricity supply to settlements located in hard-to-reach places in the event of sudden or pre-planned outages in individual energy regions or consumer power networks.  In particular, the scheme of micro HPP for the Sichankul collector was developed based on the hydrological regime of the stream, topographic data of the area.
Factors affecting the drug addicts treatment involvement
Creators: name: Dryden, David Lloyd George
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Since the Narcotic Addiction Foundation of British Columbia opened its doors in 1958 it has been successful in contacting a large number of drug addicts in the Vancouver area. There has, however, been some concern expressed by the agency treatment staff over the high ratio of patients who discontinue treatment after the first few contacts. The authors of this exploratory study have undertaken the task of determining some of the factors which might influence the drug addict's continued treatment involvement at the Narcotic Addiction Foundation. This study sets the base for a projected three year study of the stated problem. The study was divided into two phases. The first is the retrospective study which utilizes the Paulus Study (55) conducted in 1964. Though pursued for different reasons, this study provides a convenient, and suitable sample of 105 addicts (50 male and 55 female) for the present research. The immediate aim of this retrospective study is to identify certain factors which are discernible at the time the addict presents himself for treatment and to relate them to the addict's subsequent treatment involvement. The second phase, a longitudinal study, will utilize the specific factors which emerge from the retrospective study as being significantly related to the addict's continued treatment involvement. The longitudinal study, to further prove the validity of each factor, has been projected to cover a twelve month period from the time the addict first presents himself for treatment. The results of the study point out some of the difficulties and areas of concern regarding the treatment of the drug addict and some recommendations pertaining to follow-up studies of this kind. While the drug addict exhibits some characteristics similar to clients of any agency, he is unique in many ways. The factors discerned in this study clarify some of this uniqueness and, it is hoped, (using the significant factors brought out,) that they will eventually lead to better prognostication of the addict's future success for continued treatment involvement. It should prove to be especially helpful to the staff of the Narcotic Addiction Foundation and other agencies geared to treating the drug addict in guiding changes in the treatment program and organization.
Health literacy and healthcare system navigation for people who have had, or are at risk of, a cardiac event
Creators: name: van der Ploeg, WJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: As the first study looking at health literacy and healthcare system navigation in Tasmania, the findings make a significant contribution to Australian-based health literacy research. Derived from a mixed methods survey of 18 mostly senior, regional participants with cardiac ill health, the data revealed a group for whom the abilities to access, understand and apply health information were largely inadequate. Yet remarkably, in light of that finding, most participants' experiences of healthcare system navigation were positive and most spoke with confidence about being able to perform the task. Participants' recollections were examined for factors that contributed to their experiences. Analysis of the individual, service and system level themes that emerged from participants' recollections produced a complex picture of factors understood to impact their navigational experiences. In seeking to interpret and explain that complexity a framework was developed which highlights the role of health literacy at the individual level. The cogwheels depicted in the framework represent the interrelated nature of the factors impacting navigation at the various levels; the dynamic nature of healthcare navigation; and the influence health literacy may have on it. That said, the contribution participants' health literacy made towards understanding the complexities of their navigational experiences were both conclusive and inconclusive. Conclusively, the data revealed a positive association between participants' health literacy and their depth of cardiac knowledge and subsequent ability to respond appropriately when symptomatic; their understanding of treatment protocols; and their self efficacy with filling out forms, reading hospital materials and learning about their cardiac conditions. However, data analysis revealed that in many ways the contribution participants' health literacy made towards understanding their navigational experiences was inconclusive. Self management motivation; advice and support with navigational decision making; and service accessibility, for example, were also shown to assist participants who achieved across the range of possible health literacy proficiencies. Collectively, those findings evidenced the vulnerability of participants with limited health literacy whilst demonstrating health literacy was one of a number of factors impacting the healthcare navigation experience. Thus, although limited health literacy risked making navigation more difficult it could be offset by other factors such as motivation, advice, support and service accessibility to make the overall experience a positive and manageable one. From the findings of this study it is recommended health literacy is addressed as part of a multifactorial intervention strategy to improve individuals' successful navigation of health care systems, whilst also advocating further research in the area.
Elevated H2AX Phosphorylation Observed with kINPen Plasma Treatment Is Not Caused by ROS-Mediated DNA Damage but Is the Consequence of Apoptosis
Creators: name: Bekeschus, Sander
name: Schütz, Clarissa S.
name: Nießner, Felix
name: Wende, Kristian
name: Weltmann, Klaus-Dieter
name: Gelbrich, Nadine
name: Von Woedtke, Thomas
name: Schmidt, Anke
name: Stope, Matthias B.
Publisher: name: London: Hindawi
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Phosphorylated histone 2AX (γH2AX)
subject: oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS)
subject: DNA
subject: 610

description: Phosphorylated histone 2AX (γH2AX) is a long-standing marker for DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) from ionizing radiation in the field of radiobiology. This led to the perception of γH2AX being a general marker of direct DNA damage with the treatment of other agents such as low-dose exogenous ROS that unlikely act on cellular DNA directly. Cold physical plasma confers biomedical effects majorly via release of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS). In vitro, increase of γH2AX has often been observed with plasma treatment, leading to the conclusion that DNA damage is a direct consequence of plasma exposure. However, increase in γH2AX also occurs during apoptosis, which is often observed with plasma treatment as well. Moreover, it must be questioned if plasma-derived ROS can reach into the nucleus and still be reactive enough to damage DNA directly. We investigated γH2AX induction in a lymphocyte cell line upon ROS exposure (plasma, hydrogen peroxide, or hypochlorous acid) or UV-B light. Cytotoxicity and γH2AX induction was abrogated by the use of antioxidants with all types of ROS treatment but not UV radiation. H2AX phosphorylation levels were overall independent of analyzing either all nucleated cells or segmenting γH2AX phosphorylation for each cell cycle phase. SB202190 (p38-MAPK inhibitor) and Z-VAD-FMK (pan-caspase inhibitor) significantly inhibited γH2AX induction upon ROS but not UV treatment. Finally, and despite γH2AX induction, UV but not plasma treatment led to significantly increased micronucleus formation, which is a functional read-out of genotoxic DNA DSBs. We conclude that plasma-mediated and low-ROS γH2AX induction depends on caspase activation and hence is not the cause but consequence of apoptosis induction. Moreover, we could not identify lasting mutagenic effects with plasma treatment despite phosphorylation of H2AX.
Additional file 1 of Cross-cultural translation, adaptation, and validation of the Amharic version pain self-efficacy questionnaire in people with low back pain in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Chala, Mulugeta Bayisa
name: Donnelly, Catherine
name: Yemataw Wondie
name: Ghahari, Setareh
name: Miller, Jordan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. The final version of the PSEQ-Am.
Supplementary document for Computationally-driven Discovery of Second Harmonic Generation in EuBa₃(B₃O₆)₃ Through Centrosymmetry Breaking - 6635263.pdf
Creators: name: He, Jingyang
name: Alaerts, Louis
name: Wang, Yu
name: Trinquet, Victor
name: Sanni, Victor
name: Claes, Romain
name: Katzbaer, Rowan
name: Krysko, Evan
name: Schaak, Raymond
name: Rignanese, Gian-Marco
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Information and Cif files
title: Development of a Water Quality Model Applicable to Great Salt Lake, Utah
Creators: name: Jones, Craig T.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: The development of a model capable of predicting the long term (seasonal) distribution of water quality constituents within Great Salt Lake was undertaken as a portion of the ongoing Great Salt Lake project at Utah State University. The overall goal of the project is the development of a modeling framework to assist the relevant decision making bodies in the comprehensive management of the Great Salt Lake system. Phase I of the project provided the overall structural framework for management of the Great Salt Lake system, identified data needs, and established priorities for the development of submodels for incorporation into the overall framework. Phase II of the project involves the process of developing submodels, and Phase III will be concerned with application of the framework of models to specific management problems.
This study provides, as part of the second phase of the Great Salt Lake project, a model capable of predicting the long term distribution of quality constituents within the lake. This capability is a necessary component of the modeling framework since it will allow the investigation of the effects which alternative water quality management plans will have on the distribution of water quality constituents within the lake.
The water quality model of the lake is based on the application of the advection-diffusion equation to the three-dimensional transport of a quality constituent. The modeling technique is formulated by discretizing the system as a network of nodes interconnected by channels in both the horizontal and vertical directions. This representation of the system allowed the horizontal transport to be treated mathematically as one-dimensional. The resulting modeling technique is applicable to any lake, estuary, or bay in which the concentration gradients must be described in all three coordinate directions.
In applying the model to Great Salt Lake a two-layered vertical network was employed due t o the physical characteristics of the system. The model was further simplified by describing vertical transport by diffusion alone. Using observed total dissolved solids concentrations, a method was developed during the study for establishing the vertical diffusion coefficient as a function of depth.
A unique feature of this water quality modeling technique is that it allows the seasonal distribution of a quality constituent to be studied without the necessity of developing a hydrodynamic model of the system . The advective transport is designed to be input to the model based on observed long term circulation patterns . In the case of Great Salt Lake, circulation patterns are not yet well known. However, approximate patterns h a ,, e been established from some observations to date , and those were used to provide preliminary tests of the validity and response characteristics of the model. These tests have demonstrated that the model will be a practical and useful tool for monitoring the distribution of quality constituents within the lake.
The Internal Spin Angular Momentum of an Asymptotically Flat Spacetime
Creators: name: Randono, Andrew
name: Sloan, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the manner in which the internal spin angular momentum of a spinor field is encoded in the gravitational field at asymptotic infinity. The inclusion of internal spin requires us to re-analyze our notion of asymptotic flatness. In particular, the Poincaré symmetry at asymptotic infinity must replaced by a spin-enlarged Poincaré symmetry. Likewise, the generators of the asymptotic symmetry group must be supplemented to account for the internal spin. In the Hamiltonian framework of first order Einstein-Cartan gravity, the extra generator comes from the boundary term of the Gauss constraint in the asymptotically flat context. With the additional term, we establish the relations among the Noether charges of a Dirac field, the Komar integral, and the asymptotic ADM-like geometric integral. We show that by imposing mild restraints on the generating functionals of gauge transformations at asymptotic infinity, the phase space is rendered explicitly finite. We construct the energy-momentum and the new total (spin+orbital) angular momentum boundary integrals that satisfy the appropriate algebra to be the generators of the spin-enlarged Poincaré symmetry. This demonstrates that the internal spin is encoded in the tetrad at asymptotic infinity. In addition, we find that a new conserved and (spin-enlarged) Poincaré invariant charge emerges that is associated with the global structure of a gauge transformation.
description: V2: No major changes, journal reference added
Study of \bar B\to Λ_c\bar Λ_c and \bar B\to Λ_c\bar Λ_c \bar K
Creators: name: Cheng, Hai-Yang
name: Chua, Chun-Khiang
name: Hsiao, Yu-Kuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the doubly charmful two-body and three-body baryonic B decays $\bar B\to Λ_c^+\bar Λ_c^-$ and $\bar B\to Λ_c^+\bar Λ_c^- \bar K$. As pointed out before, a naive estimate of the branching ratio ${\cal O}(10^{-8})$ for the latter decay is too small by three to four orders of magnitude compared to experiment. Previously, it has been shown that a large enhancement for the $Λ_c^+\barΛ_c^-\bar K$ production can occur due to a charmonium-like resonance (e.g. X(4630) discovered by Belle) with a mass near the $Λ_c\barΛ_c$ threshold. Motivated by the BaBar's observation of a resonance in the $Λ_c \bar K$ system with a mass of order 2930 MeV, we study in this work the contribution to $\bar B\toΛ_c^+\barΛ_c^-\bar K$ from the intermediate state $Ξ_c(2980)$ which is postulated to be a first positive-parity excited $D$-wave charmed baryon state. Assuming that a soft $q\bar q$ quark pair is produced through the $σ$ and $π$ meson exchanges in the configuration for $\bar B\to Ξ_c(2980)\barΛ_c$ and $Λ_c\barΛ_c$, it is found that branching ratios of $\bar B\to Λ_c^+\bar Λ_c^- \bar K$ and $\bar B\to Λ_c^+\bar Λ_c^-$ are of order $3.5\times 10^{-4}$ and $5\times 10^{-5}$, respectively, in agreement with experiment except that the prediction for the $Λ_c\barΛ_c K^-$ is slightly smaller. In conjunction with our previous analysis, we conclude that the enormously large rate of $\bar B\to Λ_c^+\bar Λ_c^-\bar K$ arises from the resonances $Ξ_c(2980)$ and X(4630).
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, version to appear in PRD
Polynomial method to study the entanglement of pure N-qubit states
Creators: name: Mäkelä, H.
name: Messina, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a mapping which associates pure N-qubit states with a polynomial. The roots of the polynomial characterize the state completely. Using the properties of the polynomial we construct a way to determine the separability and the number of unentangled qubits of pure N-qubit states.
description: 7 pages. Extensively revised and shortened
title: Projected Employment and Population Impacts of Oil Shale Development in Uintah County, Utah
Creators: name: Kakish, Muin S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: This study provides a critique of regional base method for population and employment impacts. It uses a new approach to calculate the regional employment multiplier. The new approach tries to preserve the advantages of the regional base method and at the same time avoid some of the problems associated with it.
This study estimates the changes in local service employment by industry and population in Uintah County, Utah, resulting from an oil shale development project with a 100,000 barrel-per-day capacity and an operating labor force of 2500. It also estimates the changes in total local service employment and population on a yearly basis for a period of 20 years.
ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF PLANTS USED FOR THE TREATMENT OF RESPIRATORY DISORDER AMONG THE INHABITANT OF LASPUR VALLEY, HINDUKUSH RANGE, CHITRAL NORTHERN PAKISTAN
Creators: name: GHULAM QADIR
name: GHULAM MUJTABA SHAH
name: MANZOOR HUSSAIN
name: JAN ALAM
name: KHURSHEED UR RAHMAN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ethnobotany Respiratory Diseases Used Plant Species Eastern Hindukush.

description: Abstract

The abundance of medicinal plant species in the region provide as a valuable resource for affordable healthcare, particularly for respiratory ailments within local inhabitants. This initial study was undertaken through the primary objective of systematically documenting traditional knowledge of folk herbal medicine used for respiratory disorders. Current study focused on the indigenous people of Laspur Valley in Northern Pakistan, using quantitative ethnobotanical methods to gather and analyze data. Method. The field study was conducted in study area from March 2017 to October 2019. The required data was gathered through interview with local communities, collected information was then analyzed using statistical indices Use Value index (UVi) and the (RFC) Relative Frequency Citation. Results. The study identified a total of 50 plant species belonging to 22 families that are ethnomedicinally used to treat nine (09) different respiratory disorders. Flowers emerged as the most frequently utilized plant parts and majority of medicines were made as decoctions. Significantly Carthamus tinctorius was the highest use value (0.47), followed by Juglans regia (0.42). Lens cullinaris (0.65) and Hordium vulgare (0.62) was noted with high Relative Citations Frequency (RCFC), indicating their significant mention among the informants. Conclusion. Current study presents for the first time information of traditional herbal medicines used by local communities in Laspur, Northern Pakistan, for respiratory disorders that are still in common practice. Certain newly documented ethnobotanical privileges in this study shown further clinical exploration. The medicinal plant species with the maximum use values, as documented in this study, suggest the potential presence of valued phytochemical, compounds. This signifies the importance of conducting further research to identify and explore these compounds for their potential as new drugs for the cure of various respiratory ailments.
Observational constraints on Horava-Lifshitz cosmology
Creators: name: Dutta, Sourish
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use observational data from Type Ia Supernovae (SNIa), Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), along with requirements of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), to constrain the cosmological scenarios governed by Horava-Lifshitz gravity. We consider both the detailed and non-detailed balance versions of the gravitational sector, and we include the matter and radiation sectors. We conclude that the detailed-balance scenario cannot be ruled out from the observational point of view, however the corresponding likelihood contours impose tight constraints on the involved parameters. The scenario beyond detailed balance is compatible with observational data, and we present the corresponding stringent constraints and contour-plots of the parameters. Although this analysis indicates that Horava-Lifshitz cosmology can be compatible with observations, it does not enlighten the discussion about its possible conceptual and theoretical problems.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, version published in JCAP
Computational study of structural, elastic, electronic, phonon dispersion relation and thermodynamic properties of orthorhombic CaZrS$_3$ for optoelectronic applications
Creators: name: Kassa, M. D.
name: Debelo, N. G.
name: Woldemariam, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chalcogenide perovskites offer superior thermal and aqueous stability as well as a benign elemental composition compared to organic halide perovskites for optoelectronic applications. In this study, the structural, electrical, elastic, phonon dispersion, and thermodynamic features of the orthorhombic phase of chalcogenide perovskite CaZrS$_3$ (space group Pnma) were examined by first principles calculations utilizing the plane wave pseudopotentials (PW-PPs) in generalized gradient approximations (GGA). The ground state properties such as lattice parameters, unit cell volume, bulk modulus, and its derivative were calculated and are in a good agreement with existing findings. The mechanical properties such as bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young's modulus and elastic anisotropy were calculated from the obtained elastic constants. The ratio of bulk modulus to shear modulus confirms that the orthorhombic phase of CaZrS$_3$ is a ductile material. The absence of negative frequencies in phonon dispersion curve and the phonon density of states give an indication that the structure is dynamically stable. Finally, thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, entropy, and heat capacity were calculated with variation in temperature. The estimated findings follow the same pattern as previous efforts.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables
How strange are compact star interiors ?
Creators: name: Blaschke, D.
name: Klahn, T.
name: Lastowiecki, R.
name: Sandin, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) type quantum field theoretical approach to the quark matter equation of state with color superconductivity and construct hybrid star models on this basis. It has recently been demonstrated that with increasing baryon density, the different quark flavors may occur sequentially, starting with down-quarks only, before the second light quark flavor and at highest densities also the strange quark flavor appears. We find that color superconducting phases are favorable over non-superconducting ones which entails consequences for thermodynamic and transport properties of hybrid star matter. In particular, for NJL-type models no strange quark matter phases can occur in compact star interiors due to mechanical instability against gravitational collapse, unless a sufficiently strong flavor mixing as provided by the Kobayashi-Maskawa-'t Hooft determinant interaction is present in the model. We discuss observational data on mass-radius relationships of compact stars which can put constraints on the properties of dense matter equation of state.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the International Conference SQM2009, Buzios, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Sep.27-Oct.2, 2009
title: An Inheritance Study of Sedimentation Values in Three Winter Wheat Crosses
Creators: name: Baker, Douglas J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1969

description: Three crosses were used to study the inheritance of the sedimentation properties in hard red winter wheat. The parents of the three crosses were the variety Delmar, and the breeding lines 217-61- 7-14 and 217 - 19- 5. Delmar has high sedimentation properties, 217-6 1-7-14 is intermediate, and 217-19-5 has very poor sedimentation qualities.
Sedimentation tests were run on five replications of the parents and 300 samples of the F3 populations in each cross. A semi-micro sedimentation test (a one-fourth scale test) was run on 200 F2 plants and the F1's from each cross. The distributions from each cross were analyzed and the type of gene action and possible number of genes involved were estimated.
There were two general trends apparent in the progeny of all three crosses. (1) In the F2 generation there were more low parental types than high parental types recovered. This situation was reversed in each of the F3 populations where more high parental types were recovered than the low parental types (2) All three F3means were about 10 units higher than their respective F2 means.
The type of gene action appeared to be mainly additive but with some partial dominance for the high parent in each cross. Depending on the cross, from one to three genes were estimated to be functioning in the determination of the sedimentation properties.