cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Employment First* (not only)
Creators: name: Taylor, Brittany
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: Do you know your preferred employment outcome? Many of you reading this editorial may not have a disability, but if you do and you qualify to receive employment services, your options are being limited as you read this because of a policy known as Employment First. This approach sets “community-based, integrated employment – which pays at least the minimum wage – [as] the first option for employment services for youth and adults with significant disabilities” (Scaglione, 2015). Employment First is a federal policy that has been adopted in many states, and is currently being set in New York State after Governor Cuomo issued an Executive Order establishing an Employment First policy commission in September 2014 (Executive Order No. 136, 2014). To understand how this policy has come about, it is crucial that we understand its origins in the evolving definition of inclusion.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 13 No 1 (2015)
On asymptotic approximations to the log-Gamma and Riemann-Siegel theta functions
Creators: name: Brent, Richard P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M06, 33B15, 65D20 (Primary), 33B99 (Secondary)

description: We give bounds on the error in the asymptotic approximation of the log-Gamma function $\lnΓ(z)$ for complex $z$ in the right half-plane. These improve on earlier bounds by Behnke and Sommer (1962), Spira (1971), and Hare (1997). We show that $|R_{k+1}(z)/T_k(z)| < \sqrt{πk}$ for nonzero $z$ in the right half-plane, where $T_k(z)$ is the $k$-th term in the asymptotic series, and $R_{k+1}(z)$ is the error incurred in truncating the series after $k$ terms. If $k \le |z|$, then the stronger bound $|R_{k+1}(z)/T_k(z)| < (k/|z|)^2/(π^2-1) < 0.113$ holds. Similarly for the asymptotic approximation of $\lnΓ(z+\frac{1}{2})$, except that a factor $η_k = 1/(1-2^{1-2k})$ multiplies some of the bounds. We deduce similar bounds for asymptotic approximation of the Riemann-Siegel theta function $\vartheta(t)$. We show that the accuracy of a well-known approximation to $\vartheta(t)$ can be improved by including an exponentially small term in the approximation. This improves the attainable accuracy for real $t>0$ from $O(\exp(-πt))$ to $O(\exp(-2πt))$. We discuss a similar example due to Olver (1964), and a connection with the Stokes phenomenon.
description: 23 pages, 2 tables, corrected typos and added new results in v2
Constraining IGM enrichment and metallicity with the C IV forest correlation function
Creators: name: Tie, Suk Sien
name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
name: Kakiichi, Koki
name: Bosman, Sarah E. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production and distribution of metals in the diffuse intergalactic medium (IGM) have implications for galaxy formation models and the baryon (re)cycling process. The relative abundance of metals in high versus low-ionization states has also been argued to be sensitive to the Universe's reionization history. However, measurements of the background metallicity of the IGM at z~4 are sparse and in poor agreement with one another, and reduced sensitivity in the near-IR renders detecting individual metal absorbers nearly impossible. We present a new clustering-based technique that enables the detection of these weak IGM absorbers by statistically averaging over all spectral pixels, here applied to the C IV forest. We simulate the z=4.5 IGM with different models of inhomogeneous metal distributions and investigate its two-point correlation function (2PCF) using mock skewers of the C IV forest. The 2PCF demonstrates a clear peak at the doublet separation of the C IV line. The peak amplitude scales quadratically with metallicity, while enrichment morphology affects both the shape and amplitude of the 2PCF. The effect of enrichment topology can also be framed in terms of the metal mass- and volume-filling factors, and we show their trends as a function of the enrichment topology. For models consistent with the distribution of metals at z~3, we find that we can constrain [C/H] to within 0.2 dex, log$\,M_{\rm{min}}$ to within 0.4 dex, and $R$ to within 15%. We show that strong absorbers arising from the circumgalactic medium of galaxies can be easily identified and masked, allowing one to recover the underlying IGM signal. The auto-correlation of the metal-line forest presents a new and compelling avenue to simultaneously constrain IGM metallicity and enrichment topology with high precision at z>4, thereby pushing such measurements into the Epoch of Reionization.
description: 19 pages, 17 figures, 1 appendix. Submitted to MNRAS
With Shoes Tied Around My Neck
Creators: name: Mohsenian-Rahman, Sepideah
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: This paper explores the history and modern-day social relevance of state-sanctioned acceptance and support of trans-identified individuals in Iran. As a result of a declaration made by Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini in 1987, Gender Confirmation Surgery (GCS) has become a state-subsidized option for trans-identified persons looking to transition. Iran now completes more GCS annually than almost any other nation. Additionally, Iran furnishes its newly transitioned citizens with new identification, corresponding rights, and other tools to proceed in a gender-segregated society. Although these statistics may seem progressive, other alternative expressions of sexual identity are illegal and even punishable by death. Research indicates that trans-exceptionalism in Iran creates pressure for non-trans-identified men who have sex with men (MSM) and women who have sex with women (WSW) to undergo GCS in order to gain legality, safety, and acceptance in Iran. Furthermore, the social experience of the LGBT community as a whole has not caught up to the progressive policies that some in this community enjoy.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 13 No 1 (2015)
Glauber gluons in pion-induced Drell-Yan processes revisited
Creators: name: Li, Hsiang-nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reanalyze the anomalous angular distribution of lepton pairs produced in a pion-induced Drell-Yan process by taking into account the Glauber gluon effect in the $k_T$ factorization theorem. Compared to the previous study, we adopt the realistic parton distribution functions (PDFs) for a proton from the CTEQ and for a pion from the xFitter, include the QCD evolutions of the strong coupling and the PDFs, and integrate the differential cross section over the kinematic regions for the NA10, E615 and COMPASS experiments. These improvements then allow rigorous confrontations of theoretical results with the data. It is shown that the lepton angular distribution and the violation of the Lam-Tung relation measured in all the above experiments can be well accommodated with a single Glauber phase. We illustrate the Glauber effect in the geometric picture for a Drell-Yan process, and its distinction from the conventional Boer-Mulders mechanism. The observables are pointed out, which can be used to discriminate the two proposals, when data become more precise.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, discussion on rotational-invariant observables and more references added, journal version
Raise the Age
Creators: name: Spivack, Laura Pearl
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: Juvenile justice policies in New York State put adolescents at risk for experiencing trauma in the criminal justice system. As a result of their precarious stage of development and limitations in brain functioning, adolescents face grave consequences when prosecuted and sentenced as adults. Adolescents need to be given sustainable solutions through rehabilitation in order to discourage recidivism upon release. Juvenile justice is not accomplishing its goals of lowering crime rates, nor is it working to reduce recidivism. These realities, in addition to theory, help to prove that reform is necessary.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 13 No 1 (2015)
Reaching the Unreachable
Creators: name: Parekh, Amrita
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: A 2005 study by the National Commission on Macroeconomics and Health indicated that at least 71 million people in India have a serious mental disorder. Despite this alarming statistic, infrastructure as well as manpower for mental health in the country is severely inadequate. Furthermore, 70% of the population lives in rural areas, far removed from the majority of mental health facilities. In light of the enormous treatment gap, wherein about 76–85% of serious cases of mental illness in less-developed countries are left untreated, telepsychiatry, defined as “the use of information and communication technology to provide or support psychiatric services across distances,” is a promising delivery method to reach millions of individuals in rural India who are unable to access mental health services and whom the mental health system is currently underequipped to serve (Malhotra, Chakrabarty & Shah, 2013). Through an exploration of the history, applications, effectiveness, and challenges of telepsychiatry, this paper makes a case for the potential of telepsychiatry to narrow the treatment gap in India.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 13 No 1 (2015)
Spatial statistics with applications to palaeomagnetism
Creators: name: Padazelos, Tim.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The role of research libraries in the consolidation of the PID landscape
Creators: name: de Castro, Pablo
name: Herb, Ulrich
name: Rothfritz, Laura
name: Schöpfel, Joachim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Parallel Session 12 – FAIR and Open: from theory to practice
persistent identifier (PID)
ORCID

description: Abstract In the autumn of 2021 the Knowledge Exchange (KE) commissioned a study on the current persistent identifier (PID) landscape with an emphasis on the risks and trust-related issues posed by its rapidly evolving character [1]. The KE is a collaboration network between the national research information management offices of six European countries (SURF in the Netherlands, Jisc in the United Kingdom, the German Research Foundation DFG, the Finnish CSC, DeiC in Denmark and the CNRS in France) all of which feature advanced PID implementation strategies. The outcomes of this project were released in Feb 2022 [2] and include an overarching report „Building the plane as we fly it: the promise of PIDs” and seven case studies examining the current status of the PID landscape for various types of PIDs – such as author IDs, OrgIDs, Crossref DOI-based grant IDs, PIDs for research instrument and facilities and International Generic Sample Numbers (IGSNs). The consultants behind this work – the four co-authors of this contribution – are also active as scholarly communications experts at their institutions. They subsequently included in their final report a specific reference to researchperforming organisations (RPOs) and their libraries in the recommendations for a trustworthy development of the PID landscape going forward. The role of libraries for an orderly consolidation of PID adoption is perceived to be very significant. Libraries are often the main contact points for research support, which puts them at the core of any PID-related dissemination effort towards researchers. They also tend to play a key role in the content management workflows for institutional systems such as repositories and CRISs, where research funders are increasingly requiring PIDs to be included [3]. Finally, research libraries are typically best placed to push for an institutional PID policy [4] and even to pilot the early implementation of emerging PIDs such as organisational IDs (RORs), Crossref DOI-based grant IDs issued by research funders or Research Activity IDs (RAiDs). This contribution summarises the findings of the PID study conducted for the KE – which was based on a wide number of in-depth interviews with experts in the domain from various countries, organisations and roles/ stakeholders. A special emphasis is made on what research libraries should be aware of and what role(s) they can play in an area in which they are often already represented via ORCID consortia or other collaborative networks. Some early best practices are discussed as well as a number of challenges posed by the highly fragmented current PID landscape in terms of actors, competing technical solutions and frequent lack of awareness of PID-related initiatives going on in parallel.
Revisiting a classic: the Parker-Moffatt problem
Creators: name: Pezzi, O.
name: Parashar, T. N.
name: Servidio, S.
name: Valentini, F.
name: Vasconez, C. L.
name: Yang, Y.
name: Malara, F.
name: Matthaeus, W. H.
name: Veltri, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of two colliding Alfvén wave packets is here described by means of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and hybrid kinetic numerical simulations. The MHD evolution revisits the theoretical insights described by Moffatt, Parker, Kraichnan, Chandrasekhar and Elsässer in which the oppositely propagating large amplitude wave packets interact for a finite time, initiating turbulence. However, the extension to include compressive and kinetic effects, while maintaining the gross characteristics of the simpler classic formulation, also reveals intriguing features which go beyond the pure MHD treatment.
The "Giraffe": Discovery of a stripped red giant in an interacting binary with a ${\sim}2~M_\odot$ lower giant
Creators: name: Jayasinghe, T.
name: Thompson, Todd A.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Rowan, D. M.
name: Martin, D. V.
name: El-Badry, Kareem
name: Vallely, P. J.
name: Hinkle, J. T.
name: Huber, D.
name: Isaacson, H.
name: Tayar, J.
name: Auchettl, K.
name: Ilyin, I.
name: Howard, A. W.
name: Badenes, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a stripped giant + lower giant binary, 2M04123153+6738486 (2M0412), identified during a search for non-interacting compact object-star binaries. 2M0412 is an evolved ($T_{\rm eff, giant}\simeq4000$ K), luminous ($L_{\rm giant}\simeq150~L_\odot$) red giant in a circular $P=81.2$ day binary. 2M0412 is a known variable star previously classified as a semi-regular variable. The cross-correlation functions of follow-up Keck/HIRES and LBT/PEPSI spectra show an RV-variable second component with implied mass ratio $q=M_{\rm giant}/M_{\rm comp}\simeq0.20\pm0.01$. The ASAS-SN, ATLAS, TESS and ZTF light curves show that the giant is a Roche lobe filling ellipsoidal variable with an inclination of $49.4^\circ{}\pm{0.3^{\circ}}$, and a giant mass of $M_{\rm giant}=0.38\pm0.01~ M_\odot$ for a distance of $\simeq3.7$ kpc. The mass of the giant indicates that its envelope has been stripped. The giant companion on the lower red giant branch has a mass of $M_{\rm comp}=1.91\pm0.03~M_\odot$ with $T_{\rm eff, comp}\simeq5000$ K, $L_{\rm comp}\simeq60~L_\odot$ and $R_{\rm comp}\simeq11~R_\odot$. We also identify an orbital phase dependent, broad $\rm Hα$ emission line which could indicate ongoing accretion from the stripped red giant onto the companion.
description: Revised version of the paper following comments from the referee, submitted to MNRAS. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2101.02212
Understanding Female Genital Cutting in the United Kingdom within Immigrant Communities
Creators: name: Onwu, Christelle N.
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: The age-old tradition of Female Genital Cutting (FGC), most commonly known as Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), is a coming-of-age ritual practiced in some countries in Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and Latin America. It is also practiced in the immigrant communities that migrate from these regions to Western countries. There are a multitude of physical and mental health issues associated with FGC, including chronic infections, infertility, anxiety and depression, complications during childbirth, and death. In 1985, the United Kingdom criminalized the practice of FGC in order to eliminate it. However, evidence suggests that criminalization has been ineffective and that immigrant communities continue to practice FGC without proper medical training and equipment. This paper proposes that replacing criminalization with harm reduction programs will allow policy makers to obtain accurate data on FGC in the UK in order to inform the development of future programs that will ultimately eradicate the practice.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 13 No 1 (2015)
Evaluating the Success of Written Mitigation in Reducing Prison Sentences and Achieving Alternatives to Incarceration for Parole Violations
Creators: name: Onyema, Nnenna
name: Buseman, Jaime
name: Maldovan, Carrie
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: It is estimated that 2.4 million individuals are incarcerated in federal, state, and county prisons and jails in the United States, the largest number seen in the developed world (Flatow, 2014). In addition, there are an estimated 4.75 million, or 1 in 51, adults under community supervision in the United States (Herberman & Bonczar, 2014). This includes individuals on probation, parole, and other forms of post-prison supervision. There are issues with the mass incarceration system in the United States that extend beyond the sheer number of individuals incarcerated. For instance, people of color make up 30% of the population but 60% of those imprisoned (Kerby, 2012). For the about 850,000 on parole, many face struggles adapting to society and attaining basic needs such as health care, housing, and employment. These factors, among many others, lead these individuals to violate parole and become re-imprisoned, creating a cycle of perpetual contact with the legal system. The Parole Revocation Defense Unit at the Legal Aid Society provides services for those who have had their parole revoked or face parole revocation. Social workers work together with lawyers to provide comprehensive plans to reduce sentences and recommend alternatives to incarceration. One tool, known to be powerful within PRDU at the Legal Aid Society, is written mitigation, a process used to advocate for and provide holistic presentations of clients. This paper evaluates the benefits of written mitigation by looking at the sentencing for 20 cases before and after written mitigation. The findings show that written mitigation was helpful in reducing sentences and resulting in alternatives to incarceration with statistical significance. This information learned contributes to the larger discussion of the relevance of social workers in legal settings to provide holistic services and broader conversations of criminal justice reform and elimination of institutions that produce outcomes that do more harm than good.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 14 No 1 (2016)
Fluid and hybrid simulations of the ionization instabilities in Hall thruster
Creators: name: Chapurin, Oleksandr
name: Smolyakov, Andrei
name: Hagelaar, Gerjan
name: Boeuf, Jean-Pierre
name: Raitses, Yevgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-frequency axial oscillations (5-50 kHz) stand out as a pervasive feature observed in many types of Hall thrusters. While it is widely recognized that the ionization effects play the central role in this mode, as manifested via the large scale oscillations of neutral and plasma density, the exact mechanism(s) of the instabilities remain unclear. To gain further insights into the physics of the breathing mode and evaluate the role of kinetic effects, a one-dimensional time-dependent full nonlinear low-frequency model describing neutral atoms, ions, and electrons, is developed in full fluid formulation and compared to the hybrid model in which the ions and neutrals are kinetic. Both models are quasineutral and share the same electron fluid equations that include the electron diffusion, mobility across the magnetic field, and the electron energy evolution. The ionization models are also similar in both approaches. The predictions of fluid and hybrid simulations are compared for different test cases. Two main regimes are identified in both models: one with pure low-frequency behaviour and the other one, where the low-frequency oscillations coexist with higher frequency oscillations (with the characteristic time scale of the ion channel flyby time, 100-200 kHz). The other test case demonstrate the effect of a finite temperature of injected atoms which is shown to have a substantial effect on the oscillation amplitude.
description: 37 pages, 42 figures
Anomalous thermalization in ergodic systems
Creators: name: Luitz, David J.
name: Lev, Yevgeny Bar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is commonly believed that quantum isolated systems satisfying the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) are diffusive. We show that this assumption is too restrictive, since there are systems that are asymptotically in a thermal state, yet exhibit anomalous, subdiffusive thermalization. We show that such systems satisfy a modified version of the ETH ansatz and derive a general connection between the scaling of the variance of the offdiagonal matrix elements of local operators, written in the eigenbasis of the Hamiltonian, and the dynamical exponent. We find that for subdiffusively thermalizing systems the variance scales more slowly with system size than expected for diffusive systems. We corroborate our findings by numerically studying the distribution of the coefficients of the eigenfunctions and the offdiagonal matrix elements of local operators of the random field Heisenberg chain, which has anomalous transport in its thermal phase. Surprisingly, this system also has non-Gaussian distributions of the eigenfunctions, thus directly violating Berry's conjecture.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; generalized derivations and introduced analogy with Thouless time
Is Criminalizing Re-Homing the Best Solution? A Look Into Safe Adoption Policy
Creators: name: Zhang, Yunqi
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: This paper will examine existing state policies of criminalizing re-homing, and their potential benefits and costs. Recommendations are made to mitigate the potential costs of criminalizing re-homing and to prevent families from reaching the point of re-homing their adopted child.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 14 No 1 (2016)
Seismic interpretation and basin analysis of the Eastern Otway Basin-Colac Trough area
Creators: name: O'Brien, Tim .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Addressing the Homelessness Crisis in New York City
Creators: name: Shan, LeeAnn
name: Sandler, Matt
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: Homelessness continues to be a persistent and highly visible public health issue in New York City. New York/New York III, the current initiative that aims to expand supportive housing services for New York City’s chronically homeless mentally ill population, will expire in June 2016. In the context of shifting policies reflecting the growing popularity of the Housing First model, the authors of this paper call attention to the unique needs of the severely and persistently mentally ill (SPMI) homeless population. The authors propose that the current and future states of homelessness initiatives are inadequate in their levels of funding, coordination, and regulation, thereby negatively affecting New York City’s most vulnerable residents. Drawing on evidence from the literature, we compare the Housing First and traditional housing readiness models in New York City, the latter of which has become increasingly controversial in recent years. The authors provide suggestions for bridging the current gaps in research, policy, and practice in hopes of increasing accessibility and prioritizing housing for this population.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 14 No 1 (2016)
Long-period Pulsars as Possible Outcomes of Supernova Fallback Accretion
Creators: name: Ronchi, Michele
name: Rea, Nanda
name: Graber, Vanessa
name: Hurley-Walker, Natasha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For about half a century the radio pulsar population was observed to spin in the ~0.002-12s range, with different pulsar classes having a spin-period evolution that differs substantially depending on their magnetic fields or past accretion history. The recent detection of several slowly rotating pulsars has re-opened the long-standing question of the exact physics, and observational biases, driving the upper bound of the period range of the pulsar population. In this work, we perform a parameter study of the spin-period evolution of pulsars interacting with supernova fallback matter and specifically look at the fallback accretion disk scenario. Depending on the initial conditions at formation, this evolution can differ substantially from the typical dipolar spin-down, resulting in pulsars that show spin periods longer than their coeval peers. By using general assumptions for the pulsar spin period and magnetic field at birth, initial fallback accretion rates and including magnetic field decay, we find that very long spin periods (>100s) can be reached in the presence of strong, magnetar-like magnetic fields (>10^{14}G) and moderate initial fallback accretion rates (~10^{22-27} g s^{-1}). In addition, we study the cases of two recently discovered periodic radio sources, the pulsar PSR J0901-4046 (P = 75.9 s) and the radio transient GLEAM-X\,J162759.5-523504.3 (P = 1091 s), in light of our model. We conclude that the supernova fallback scenario could represent a viable channel to produce a population of long-period isolated pulsars that only recent observation campaigns are starting to unveil.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures; ApJ in press
Chemistry of nickel aqueous species and solids in sulphate brines ; importance to nickel laterite mineral processing
Creators: name: Leelarathna, Don.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A Narrative Inquiry of Charter School Social Work and the “No Excuses” Behavior Model
Creators: name: Balogh, Allison
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: Neoliberal education reform has resulted in a growing number of charter schools across the country, many of which are concentrated in low-income communities of color (Kahlenberg & Potter, 2014). Charter schools serving these demographics often practice a “no excuses” pedagogy featuring two components: (1) universal, precise behavioral expectations and (2) systematic rewards for compliance and penalties for disobedience (Golan, 2015; Goodman, 2013; Whitman, 2008). This article examines overlooked consequences of the “no excuses” model by presenting a narrative inquiry involving 3 social workers from charter schools in Harlem, New York. Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted about professional background, roles and responsibilities, the school community, and the political context of charter schools. The collective narrative that emerged from this framework describes how participants have met their concern that a “no excuses” model creates traumatic or unsupportive environments for marginalized students with evidence-based advocacy. This article serves to foster the community of charter school social workers who wish to critique the “no excuses” model within their schools and on a broader scale.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 14 No 1 (2016)
Baryons as relativistic three-quark bound states
Creators: name: Eichmann, Gernot
name: Sanchis-Alepuz, Helios
name: Williams, Richard
name: Alkofer, Reinhard
name: Fischer, Christian S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the spectrum and electromagnetic properties of baryons described as relativistic three-quark bound states within QCD. The composite nature of baryons results in a rich excitation spectrum, whilst leading to highly non-trivial structural properties explored by the coupling to external (electromagnetic and other) currents. Both present many unsolved problems despite decades of experimental and theoretical research. We discuss the progress in these fields from a theoretical perspective, focusing on nonperturbative QCD as encoded in the functional approach via Dyson-Schwinger and Bethe-Salpeter equations. We give a systematic overview as to how results are obtained in this framework and explain technical connections to lattice QCD. We also discuss the mutual relations to the quark model, which still serves as a reference to distinguish 'expected' from 'unexpected' physics. We confront recent results on the spectrum of non-strange and strange baryons, their form factors and the issues of two-photon processes and Compton scattering determined in the Dyson-Schwinger framework with those of lattice QCD and the available experimental data. The general aim is to identify the underlying physical mechanisms behind the plethora of observable phenomena in terms of the underlying quark and gluon degrees of freedom.
description: 140 pages, 52 figures, 3 tables. Invited review for Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics. Changes from v1: minor additions, corrected typos and added references; brief discussion on light-front and holographic QCD in Sec. 3.2; updated Figs. 3.22-3.23 and corresponding discussion
The Promise of Music Therapy
Creators: name: Hershenson, Kimberley
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: Research has historically dismissed the prevalence of eating disorders in people with disabilities, yet studies and clinical observations suggest that individuals with physical disabilities are at increased risk for developing eating disorders. Due to this discrepancy, there is little awareness of how to treat eating disorders among this population. Self-understanding is a key component in treating both individuals with physical disabilities and individuals with eating disorders. With this finding, this article seeks to demonstrate that music therapy is an effective treatment option for those with both an eating disorder and a physical disability due to its focus on self-understanding.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 14 No 1 (2016)
Queerspawn on the Couch
Creators: name: McKnight, Megan
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: Support for LGBTQ families is on the rise and many research studies have been published proving that children with LGBTQ parents fare just as well as children raised by heterosexual, cisgender parents. However, despite the growing acceptance of LGBTQ families, much of the literature and many community resources have only focused on the parents. We still know very little about the experiences and development of queerspawn. In particular, many are unfamiliar with the kinds of support queerspawn need, the language they may use to speak about their identity/ies, and their unique relationship to queerness and queer community. The culmination of this paper includes clinical recommendations for providers to consider when working in clinical settings with queerspawn.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 14 No 1 (2016)
AGN accretion and black hole growth across compact and extended galaxy evolution phases
Creators: name: Aird, James
name: Coil, Alison L.
name: Kocevski, Dale D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extent of black hole growth during different galaxy evolution phases and the connection between galaxy compactness and AGN activity remain poorly understood. We use Hubble Space Telescope imaging of the CANDELS fields to identify star-forming and quiescent galaxies at z=0.5-3 in both compact and extended phases and use Chandra X-ray imaging to measure the distribution of AGN accretion rates and track black hole growth within these galaxies. Accounting for the impact of AGN light changes ~20% of the X-ray sources from compact to extended galaxy classifications. We find that ~10-25% of compact star-forming galaxies host an AGN, a mild enhancement (by a factor ~2) compared to extended star-forming galaxies or compact quiescent galaxies of equivalent stellar mass and redshift. However, AGN are not ubiquitous in compact star-forming galaxies and this is not the evolutionary phase, given its relatively short timescale, where the bulk of black hole mass growth takes place. Conversely, we measure the highest AGN fractions (~10-30%) within the relatively rare population of extended quiescent galaxies. For massive galaxies that quench at early cosmic epochs, substantial black hole growth in this extended phase is crucial to produce the elevated black hole mass-to-galaxy stellar mass scaling relation observed for quiescent galaxies at z~0. We also show that AGN fraction increases with compactness in star-forming galaxies and decreases in quiescent galaxies within both the compact and extended sub-populations, demonstrating that AGN activity depends closely on the structural properties of galaxies.
description: 30 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Primary results are shown in Fig 7 and summarised by Fig 11. See Fig 15 and 16 for key interpretation/conclusions
Editorial
Creators: name: Johnston, Stephen
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: nsufficient definitions within New York State’s mandatory reporting laws have created a “legal-ethical feedback loop” (Johnston, 2015) that can cause an increase in potential victims through the exclusion of certain persons seeking treatment. These non-offending individuals seeking treatment for pedophilia can become subjects of investigations by Child Protective Services because of ambiguous language in the laws, wherein their treatment is jeopardized. This paper will examine how the langue of current New York statutes creates a propensity for over-reporting possible abuse cases when they are unfounded, and potentially risks increasing the number of sexual abuse victims because of a lack of access to or trust in licensed clinicians. This paper proposes several alternatives to closing this “feedback loop” and thereby further protecting one of New York’s most vulnerable populations: children.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 15 No 1 (2017)
LGBTQI-Identifying Members of the Middle Eastern-American Community
Creators: name: Baitoo, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: While the contemporary landscape of sociological and psychological literature boasts nuances that account for many cultural identities, there exists a paucity in research pertaining to the lived experiences of Middle Eastern-American (MEA) members of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, or Intersex (LGBTQI) community within the United States. Researchers have investigated the experiences of LGBTQI-identifying individuals and those of MEAs, but the idiosyncrasies that occur at the intersection of these identities is still a largely unexplored terrain. Narrative accounts suggest that this group faces a high risk of adverse quality of life outcomes directly resulting from persecution along axes of race, gender expression, and sexual orientation. Moreover, this persecution is bolstered by post-9/11 American societal views, heteronormative Middle Eastern values, and non-MEA members of the LGBTQI community. Anecdotal evidence also indicates promise in exploring interventions, such as community building to curb psychosocial pathways that could otherwise result in self-injurious behaviors (including suicide) amongst Middle Eastern-American individuals who identify as LGBTQI. Unfortunately, the lack of research on this topic acts as a barrier to both understanding this extremely vulnerable group and providing its members with culturally competent support. This review will synthesize information germane to the experiences of LGBTQI MEAs in order to illuminate gaps in literature and indicate areas which further research could better inform social service practices on behalf of this group.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 15 No 1 (2017)
CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF 3D TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Husiev, Vitalii
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Structural engineering

description: Постановка проблеми. 3D-друк – це процес друку, який включає в себе створення тривимірних об'єктів з цифрових моделей шляхом накладання великої кількості тонких шарів швидковисихаючого матеріалу один на одного. Технологія стала можливою завдяки значному прогресу як в комп'ютерних технологіях, так і в технологіях матеріалів, які відбулися в останні десятиліття. У будівельній галузі було проведено багато нових експериментів, щоб вивчити весь потенціал, який може принести 3D-друк. Однак ці експерименти дуже фрагментарні й уривчасті, тому необхідний критичний огляд сучасного розвитку 3D-друку в будівельній галузі.
Developing Mental Health Laws in Ghana, Kenya, and Zambia
Creators: name: Obame, Grace-Cecile Eya
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: Mental health has become a national health priority in the West; however, it is still an overlooked issue in most African countries. Sixty-four percent of African countries do not have any mental health legislations or fail to adequately promote the rights of people diagnosed with mental illnesses (Mental Health and Poverty Project & World Health Organization, n.d). As a direct consequence, individuals with mental illnesses in African nations often do not receive adequate treatment. This review evaluates the barriers of appropriate development and implementation of mental health laws in Ghana, Kenya, and Zambia. Legislative actions that have been taken in these three countries will be examined in an effort to improve mental health laws, via an analysis of strengths and areas of improvement. Through these analyses, the author hopes to raise awareness about legislations in Africa regarding mental health issues, build a stronger path towards comprehensive mental health laws, and work towards the effective provision of treatment for people with mental health issues in Ghana, Kenya, Zambia, and the rest of the African continent.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 15 No 1 (2017)
Map Equation Centrality: Community-aware Centrality based on the Map Equation
Creators: name: Blöcker, Christopher
name: Nieves, Juan Carlos
name: Rosvall, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To measure node importance, network scientists employ centrality scores that typically take a microscopic or macroscopic perspective, relying on node features or global network structure. However, traditional centrality measures such as degree centrality, betweenness centrality, or PageRank neglect the community structure found in real-world networks. To study node importance based on network flows from a mesoscopic perspective, we analytically derive a community-aware information-theoretic centrality score based on network flow and the coding principles behind the map equation: map equation centrality. Map equation centrality measures how much further we can compress the network's modular description by not coding for random walker transitions to the respective node, using an adapted coding scheme and determining node importance from a network flow-based point of view. The information-theoretic centrality measure can be determined from a node's local network context alone because changes to the coding scheme only affect other nodes in the same module. Map equation centrality is agnostic to the chosen network flow model and allows researchers to select the model that best reflects the dynamics of the process under study. Applied to synthetic networks, we highlight how our approach enables a more fine-grained differentiation between nodes than node-local or network-global measures. Predicting influential nodes for two different dynamical processes on real-world networks with traditional and other community-aware centrality measures, we find that activating nodes based on map equation centrality scores tends to create the largest cascades in a linear threshold model.
On the exponential of semi-infinite quasi-Toeplitz matrices
Creators: name: Bini, Dario A.
name: Meini, Beatrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $a(z)=\sum_{i\in\mathbb Z}a_iz^i$ be a complex valued function defined for $|z|=1$, such that $\sum_{i\in\mathbb Z}|ia_i|
Preventing the Re-Traumatization of Individuals who are Arrested for Prostitution by Implementing Trauma-Informed Practices in the Criminal Justice System
Creators: name: Ostad-Hashemi, Leila
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: Most literature suggests that at least half of those who engage in prostitution have a history of physical or sexual abuse. Individuals who have experienced trauma are constantly re-traumatized during their sex work. Standard procedures used in arrests of people engaging in prostitution can have profoundly triggering effects on individuals with histories of trauma. To reduce re-traumatization and promote rehabilitation, it is critical to create trauma-informed practices within law enforcement and the criminal justice system to better serve individuals arrested for prostitution. Specific trauma-informed training for law enforcement officers and legal counsel staff who work with people charged with prostitution can be created using components from several existing trauma-specific models which this paper will address in detail.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 15 No 1 (2017)
Intensity-surged and Bandwidth-extended Terahertz Radiation in Two-foci Cascading Plasmas
Creators: name: Zhang, Yizhu
name: Jiao, Zhi-Hong
name: He, Tao
name: Zhao, Jingjing
name: Fan, Xingwang
name: Chen, Taotao
name: Wang, Guo-Li
name: Yan, Tian-Min
name: Zhou, Xiao-Xin
name: Jiang, Yuhai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-color strong-field mixing in gas medium is a widely-used approach to generate bright broadband terahertz (THz) radiation. Here, we present a new and counterintuitive method to promote THz performance in two-color scheme. Beyond our knowledge that the maximum THz generation occurs with two-color foci overlapped, we found that, when the foci of two-color beams are noticeably separated along the propagation axis resulting in cascading plasmas, the THz conversion efficiency is surged by one order of magnitude and the bandwidth is stretched by more than 2 times, achieving $10^{-3}$ conversion efficiency and $>$100 THz bandwidth under the condition of 800/400 nm, $\sim$35 fs driving lasers. With the help of the pulse propagation equation and photocurrent model, the observations can be partially understood by the compromise between THz generation and absorption due to the spatial redistribution of laser energy in cascading plasmas. Present method can be extended to mid-infrared driving laser, and the new records of THz peak power and conversion efficiency are expected.
Factors that Contribute to Intimate Partner Violence in Same-Sex Relationships with HIV/AIDS
Creators: name: Raskin, Aviva
name: Rodriguez, Darwin
name: Freeman, Jason
name: Gilbert, Samuel
Publisher: name: Columbia Social Work Review
Year: 2019

description: The proposed study is designed to begin research into the impact of HIV/AIDS status on intimate partner violence (IPV) in same-sex couples. By comparing IPV in gay men’s relationships in which HIV/AIDS is present and relationships in which it is not, the proposal asserts that this research is necessary to further research and create prevention interventions in the LGBTQIA communities that take intersectionality into account. The proposal theorizes that HIV/AIDS status should be looked at as a correlate to IPV, in addition to the factors previously identified as correlates such as: socioeconomic status, substance use, relationship history, and other psychological and emotional factors.
description: Columbia Social Work Review, Vol 15 No 1 (2017)
Geophysical constraints of shear zones and geometry of the Hiltaba Suite granites in the western Gawler Craton, Australia
Creators: name: McLean, Mark A. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.