cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins α and β regulate the tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 gene promoter
Creators: name: Morrison, Thomas E.
name: Bristol, Jillian A.
name: Kenney, Shannon C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) transcription factors play essential roles in regulating an array of cellular processes, including differentiation, energy metabolism, and inflammation. In this report we demonstrate that both C/EBPα and C/EBPβ activate the promoter driving transcription of the tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1). TNFR1 is the major receptor for tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a critical cytokine mediator of the inflammatory response. Although the TNFR1 protein has been shown to be regulated through post-translational modifications, very little is known about the transcriptional regulation of the TNFR1 gene. Here we have identified a specific C/EBP binding site within the TNFR1 promoter, and shown that this site is required for both C/EBPα and C/EBPβ activation of the promoter in reporter gene assays. Furthermore, we show that both C/EBPα and C/EBPβ are bound to the TNFR1 promoter in cells using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Finally, we demonstrate that reducing the level of C/EBPα and C/EBPβ expression in cells using siRNA technology leads to decreased expression of the TNFR1 protein. These results suggest that the C/EBPα and C/EBPβ transcription factors enhance expression of the TNFR1 protein in cells. Given that TNF and C/EBPβ are known to activate each other's expression, C/EBPβ may greatly amplify the initial TNF signal through a positive auto-regulatory mechanism.
Integrable Gross-Neveu models with fermion-fermion and fermion-antifermion pairing
Creators: name: Thies, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The massless Gross-Neveu and chiral Gross-Neveu models are well known examples of integrable quantum field theories in 1+1 dimensions. We address the question whether integrability is preserved if one either replaces the four-fermion interaction in fermion-antifermion channels by a dual interaction in fermion-fermion channels, or if one adds such a dual interaction to an existing integrable model. The relativistic Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approach is adequate to deal with the large N limit of such models. In this way, we construct and solve three integrable models with Cooper pairing. We also identify a candidate for a fourth integrable model with maximal kinematic symmetry, the "perfect" Gross-Neveu model. This type of field theories can serve as exactly solvable toy models for color superconductivity in quantum chromodynamics.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Reconstructing the XUV Spectra of Active Sun-like Stars Using Solar Scaling Relations with Magnetic Flux
Creators: name: Namekata, Kosuke
name: Toriumi, Shin
name: Airapetian, Vladimir S.
name: Shoda, Munehito
name: Watanabe, Kyoko
name: Notsu, Yuta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kepler Space Telescope and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite unveiled that Sun-like stars frequently host exoplanets. These exoplanets are subject to fluxes of ionizing radiation in the form of X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) radiation that may cause changes in their atmospheric dynamics and chemistry. While X-ray fluxes can be observed directly, EUV fluxes cannot be observed because of severe interstellar medium absorption. Here, we present a new empirical method to estimate the whole stellar XUV (X-ray plus EUV) and FUV spectra as a function of total unsigned magnetic fluxes of stars. The response of the solar XUV and FUV spectrum (0.1-180 nm) to the solar total unsigned magnetic flux is investigated by using the long-term Sun-as-a-star dataset over 10 yrs, and the power-law relation is obtained for each wavelength with a spectral resolution of 0.1-1 nm. We applied the scaling relations to active young Sun-like stars (G-dwarfs), EK Dra (G1.5V), $π^1$ Uma (G1.5V) and $κ^1$ Ceti (G5V), and found that the observed spectra (except for the unobservable longward EUV wavelength) are roughly consistent with the extension of the derived power-law relations with errors of an order of magnitude. This suggests that our model is a valuable method to derive the XUV/FUV fluxes of Sun-like stars including the EUV band mostly absorbed at wavelengths longward of 36 nm. We also discuss differences between the solar extensions and stellar observations at the wavelength in the 2-30 nm band and concluded that simultaneous observations of magnetic and XUV/FUV fluxes are necessary for further validations.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Macrocyclic ligand design. Effect of donor-set and ringsize variation on silver(I)/lead(II) discrimination within an extended series of dibenzo substituted rings
Creators: name: Adam, Kenneth R
name: Baldwin, Darren S
name: Duckworth, Paul A
name: Lindoy, Leonard F
name: McPartlin, Mary
name: Bashall, Alan
name: Powell, Harold R
name: Tasker, Peter A
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The effect of systematic variation of the donor-atom set within dibenzo-substituted, 17- to 20-membered macrocycles on their ability to discriminate between silver(I) and lead(II) has been investigated. The log K values for the respective complexes. determined potentiometrically in 95% methanol (l = 0.1 mol dm(-3), NEt(4)ClO(4)), show that successive replacement of either nitrogen or oxygen heteroatoms by thioether donors leads to increasing affinity for silver(I) relative to lead(II), as does the incorporation of an 'aliphatic' NON or NSN donor sequence in the structure. For the 17-membered system incorporating a S2N2S-donor set, exceptional discrimination (of the order of 10(9)) was observed. The characterisation of selected complexes has included the crystal structure of the sliver perchlorate complex of the 17-membered ON2S2 macrocycle (L(17)). The silver ion in [AgL(17)]ClO4 has a very distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry with all metal to donor bond lengths appearing normal. The complex crystallises in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n with lattice parameters a = 19.410(4), b = 9.602(2), c = 12.747(3) Angstrom, beta = 103.67(2)degrees and Z = 4.
Energy calibration at high-energy photon colliders
Creators: name: Telnov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calibration of the absolute energy scale at high-energy photon (gamma-gamma, gamma-electron) colliders is discussed. The luminosity spectrum at photon colliders is broad and has a rather sharp high-energy edge, which can be used, for example, to measure the mass of the Higgs boson in the process gamma-gamma to H or masses of charged scalars by observing the cross-section threshold. In addition to the precise knowledge of the edge energy of the luminosity spectrum, it is even more important to have a way to calibrate the absolute energy scale of the detector. At first sight, Compton scattering itself provides a unique way to determine the beam energies and produce particles of known energies that could be used for detector calibration. The energy scale is given by the electron mass m_e and laser photon energy ω_0. However, this does not work at realistic photon colliders due to large nonlinear effects in Compton scattering at the conversion region (ξ^2 \sim 0.3). It is argued that the process gamma-electron to eZ_0 provides the best way to calibrate the energy scale of the detector, where the energy scale is given by m_Z.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, Latex. Talk at Int. conf. on instrumentation for colliding beam physics (INSTR 2014), Feb. 24 - March 1, 2014, BINP, Novosibirsk. To be published in JINST
CD19 signaling is impaired in murine peritoneal and splenic B-1 B lymphocytes
Creators: name: Dasu, Trivikram
name: Bondada, Subbarao
name: Sindhava, Vishal
name: Clarke, Stephen H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: B-1 cells reside predominantly within the coelomic cavities, tonsils, Peyer’s patches, spleen (a minor fraction – ∼5%) and are absent in the lymph nodes. They are the primary sources of natural IgM in the body. B-1 cells express polyreactive B cell receptors (BCR) that cross react with self antigens and thus implicated in auto-immune disorders. Previously, we reported that peritoneal B-1 cells are deficient in CD19-mediated intracellular signals leading to Ca2+ mobilization. Here, we find that splenic B-1 cells, like peritoneal B-1 cells, are defective in Ca2+ release upon B cell activation by co-cross-linking BCR and CD19. In the absence of extracellular sources of Ca2+, intracellular Ca2+ flux is similar between B-1 and B-2 cells. Moreover, the intracellular component of Ca2+ release in both subsets of B cells is mostly PI3K dependent. BCR and CD19 co-cross-linking activates Akt, a key mediator of survival and proliferation signals downstream of PI3K in splenic B-2 cells. Splenic B-1 cells, on the other hand, do not phosphorylate Akt (S473) upon similar treatment. Furthermore, BCR + CD19 cross-linking induced phosphorylation of JNK is much reduced in splenic B-1 cells. In contrast, B-1 cells exhibited increased levels of constitutively active pLyn which appears to have an inhibitory role. The CD19 induced Ca2+ response and BCR induced proliferation response were restored by a partial inhibition of pLyn with Src kinase specific inhibitors. These findings suggest a defect in CD19 mediated signals in both peritoneal and splenic B-1 B lymphocytes, which is in part, due to higher levels of constitutively active Lyn.
Dépendance , innovation et coordination gérontologique : des dispositifs socio-techniques pour l'autonomie des personnes âgées ?
Creators: name: Humbert, Christophe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: dependency ; autonomy ; innovation ; gerontological coordination ; Telecare ; Telehealth ; information system ; old age ; aging ; socio-technical device ; gerontechnology

description: This Phd work aims to question recent transformations in the field of support and care
 for the so-called "dependent" elderly. In France, innovation in Health and Autonomy
 technologies is widely encouraged by public authorities and is one of the major
 challenges of modernizing the Health System. These innovations are expected to
 promote the optimization of the quality of care, in the same way as the performance of
 the health system. While the notion of user and patient autonomy is central in the
 institutional literature, these innovations question the possibility for the elderly to stay
 at home in an "autonomous" way. This, insofar as some devices dedicated to
 "dependent" people aim to limit the risks that may induce hospitalizations, even thoug
 respect of autonomy underlies a fundamental right, which is that of taking risks,
 including life-threatening.
 One of the central objectives of this thesis is to develop a definition of autonomy, as it
 is brought into play in innovative socio-technical devices used in gerontology. This
 research is based on the analysis of the deployment of an information system (IS) for
 gerontological coordination, in Alsace. Four consecutive years along, I followed the
 innovation trajectory of this IS, between 2015 and 2018. I mainly analyze its impact on
 “dependence trajectories” of ten elderly people, at different stages of deployment of the
 device.
 Through the qualitative analysis of the material collected, composed mainly of
 participant observations and semi-structured interviews (N = 61), I identify eight idealtypical
 forms of autonomy. These forms of autonomy are the subjects of negociations.
 I thus sought to define if, and how, online exchanges linked to coordination by an IS
 promote the support of these forms of autonomy in home care. Quantitative use of the
 database of messages sent out, in particular, makes it possible to demonstrate that the IS
 constitutes an analyzer of the power relations between actors, from health, social and
 medico-social sectors. The crossing of quantitative and qualitative data teaches us that
 it also acts as a catalyst for developments. The question of the "free choice" of the
 elderly, including a certain right to take risks, has been the subject of pluriprofessional
 debate, making the support of autonomy a territorial issue.
Methane fluxes from an Australian floodplain wetland: the importance of emergent macrophytes
Creators: name: Boon, Paul I
name: Sorrell, Brian K
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Methane emissions were quantified from beds of Eleocharis sphacelata R.Br., Myriophyllum sp., and Vallisneria gigantea Graeb. in a small floodplain lake (Ryans 1 Billabong; 36°07′S, 146°58′E) in south-eastern Australia over a 15-mo period, from March 1993 to May 1994. Gas from sediments of Vallisneria beds had the highest methane concentrations (about 60-90% v/v); methane concentrations in gas from sediments of Myriophyllum beds were the lowest (falling to 17 ± 3% v/v in May 1994), and concentrations in sediments of Eleocharis beds varied from about 25% v/v in winter to about 60-82% v/v in summer-autumn. Total water-atmosphere methane fluxes, measured with 0.8 m3 static chambers, varied from <0.01 to 2.75 mmol m-2 h-1 in Eleocharis beds, <0.01 to 0.95 mmol m-2 h-1 in Myriophyllum beds, and <0.01 to 1.64 mmol m-2 h-1 in areas of open water colonised by Vallisneria. Total fluxes were highly seasonal, being greatest in summer-autumn, when sediment temperatures exceeded 20°C. Strong diurnal and diel variations were also observed, especially in Eleocharis beds during the warmer months. Ebullition rates varied from <0.05 to 1.61 mmol m-2 h-1 and, like total water-atmosphere fluxes, fluctuated according to season, being lowest in winter and highest in summer-autumn. Ebullition seemingly accounted for 6-15% of total methane fluxes from Eleocharis beds in the cooler months, and 30-90% in the warmer months. Eleocharis shoots could generate pressures of up to 550 Pa during summer days, and the seasonal pattern to plant pressurization matched closely the seasonality of total methane emissions from Eleocharis beds. Manipulative experiments provided additional evidence that emergent shoots of Eleocharis were a significant pathway for methane transport from the benthos to the atmosphere, because cutting shoots below the water decreased emissions.
Identification of a dominant CD4 T cell epitope in the membrane lipoprotein Tul4 from Francisella tularensis LVS
Creators: name: McPherson, Pamela L.
name: Kawula, Thomas H.
name: Frelinger, Jeffrey A.
name: Valentino, Michael D.
name: Woolard, Matthew D.
name: Frelinger, John G.
name: Skrombolas, Denise
name: Hensley, Lucinda L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Francisella tularensis is a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium that is the causative agent of tularemia. Small mammals such as rodents and rabbits, as well as some biting arthropods, serve as the main vectors for environmental reservoirs of F. tularensis. The low infectious dose, ability to aerosolize the organism, and the possibility of generating antibiotic resistant strains make F. tularensis a prime organism for use in bioterrorism. As a result, some strains of F. tularensis have been placed on the CDC category A select agent list. T cell immune responses are thought to be a critical component in protective immunity to this organism. However, investigation into the immune responses to F. tularensis has been hampered by the lack of molecularly defined epitopes. Here we report the identification of a major CD4+ T cell epitope in C57Bl/6 (B6) mice. The murine model of F. tularensis infection is relevant as mice are a natural host for F. tularensis LVS and exhibit many of the same features of tularemia seen in humans. Using T cell hybridomas derived from B6 mice that had either been inoculated with F. tularensis and allowed to clear the infection or which had been immunized by conventional means using purified recombinant protein in adjuvant, we have identified amino acids 86–99 of the lipoprotein Tul4 (RLQWQAPEGSKCHD) as an immunodominant CD4 T cell epitope in B6 mice. This epitope is a major component of both the acute and memory responses to F. tularensis infection and can constitute as much as 20% of the responding CD4 T cells in an acute infection. Reactive T cells can also effectively enter the long-term memory T cell pool. The identification of this epitope will greatly aid in monitoring the course of F. tularensis infection and will also aid in the development of effective vaccine strategies for F. tularensis.
On the efficiency of energy harvesting using vortex-induced vibrations of cables
Creators: name: Grouthier, Clement
name: Michelin, Sebastien
name: Bourguet, Remi
name: Modarres-Sadeghi, Yahya
name: de Langre, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many technologies based on fluid-structure interaction mechanisms are being developed to harvest energy from geophysical flows. The velocity of such flows is low, and so is their energy density. Large systems are therefore required to extract a significant amount of energy. The question of the efficiency of energy harvesting using vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) of cables is addressed in this paper, through two reference configurations: (i) a long tensioned cable with periodically-distributed harvesters and (ii) a hanging cable with a single harvester at its upper extremity. After validation against either direct numerical simulations or experiments, an appropriate reduced-order wake- oscillator model is used to perform parametric studies of the impact of the harvesting parameters on the efficiency. For both configurations, an optimal set of parameters is identified and it is shown that the maximum efficiency is close to the value reached with an elastically-mounted rigid cylinder. The variability of the efficiency is studied in light of the fundamental properties of each configuration, i.e. body flexibility and gravity-induced spatial variation of the tension. In the periodically-distributed harvester configuration, it is found that the standing-wave nature of the vibration and structural mode selection play a central role in energy extraction. In contrast, the efficiency of the hanging cable is essentially driven by the occurrence of traveling wave vibrations.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
(:unas) unassigned
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2024

description: Il contributo costituisce la prima parte d’un saggio relativo all’insegnamento della declamazione all’Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze negli anni successivi alla morte di Antonio Morrocchesi. Protagonista indiscusso di questo nuovo capitolo della storia dell’istituzione fu il filodrammatico e drammaturgo fiorentino Filippo Berti, del quale, in questa sede, si presenterà un profilo biografico e si prenderà in esame il primo biennio di incarico accademico come aiuto del maestro Ferdinando Ceccherini. Nella seconda parte, che sarà prossimamente pubblicata su questa stessa rivista, si passerà ad analizzare la sua successiva attività di insegnamento, contrassegnata dalle alterne vicende del Ginnasio Drammatico e dal tentativo di innestare nell’educazione pubblica un inedito modello di partecipazione privata.
description: This is the first part of an essay on the teaching of declamation at the Accademia di Belle Arti in Florence, in the years following Antonio Morrocchesi's death. The undisputed protagonist of this new chapter in the history of the Florentine fine art academy was the philodramatist and playwright Filippo Berti. In this part of my research, is presented a biographical profile of him and is examined the first two years of his tenure at the Academy, as an assistant to maestro Ferdinando Ceccherini. In the second part (it will be published in one of the next issues of this journal), there is an analysis of his subsequent teaching activity, marked by the creation of the Ginnasio Drammatico and the attempt to graft into public education an unprecedented model of private participation.
Fe and Mg Isotope compositions Indicate a Hybrid Mantle Source for Young Chang'E 5 Mare Basalts
Creators: name: Y., Jiang
name: T., Kang J.
name: Y., Liao S.
name: M., Elardo S.
name: Q., Zong K.
name: J., Wang S.
name: C., Nie
name: Y., Li P.
name: J., Yin Z.
name: F., Huang
name: B, Hsu W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chang'E 5 (CE-5) samples represent the youngest mare basalt ever known and provide an access into the late lunar evolution. Recent studies have revealed that CE-5 basalts are the most evolved lunar basalt, yet controversy remains over the nature of their mantle sources. Here we combine Fe and Mg isotope analyses with a comprehensive study of petrology and mineralogy on two CE-5 basalt clasts. These two clasts have a very low Mg# (~29) and show similar Mg isotope compositions with Apollo low-Ti mare basalts as well as intermediate TiO2 and Fe isotope compositions between low-Ti and high-Ti mare basalts. Fractional crystallization or evaporation during impact cannot produce such geochemical signatures which otherwise indicate a hybrid mantle source that incorporates both early- and late-stage lunar magma ocean (LMO) cumulates. Such a hybrid mantle source would be also compatible with the KREEP-like REE pattern of CE-5 basalts. Overall, our new Fe-Mg isotope data highlight the role of late LMO cumulate for the generation of young lunar volcanism.
description: This paper has already been Accepted by APJL,including 22 pages,9 figures,and 6 tables
title: Des cocktails délétères : Les inégalités d’exposition aux pollutions de l’air en France (LIEPP Policy Brief, n°64)
Creators: name: Salesse, Camille
Publisher: name: Sciences Po - LIEPP
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: FOS: Social sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Ce policy brief présente les résultats de recherche d’une évaluation des inégalités sociales d’exposition à plusieurs polluants de l’air en mobilisant de nouveaux indicateurs. Les écarts d’exposition entre communes sont mesurés à travers le nombre de jours d’exposition à risque et la composition des jours de pollution. Les résultats montrent que les communes urbaines cumulent de nombreux jours d’exposition dont une part importante sont des jours de multi exposition (jours cocktails). Les communes rurales, quant à elles, ont moins de jours d’exposition et les mélanges de polluants sont moins fréquents. Aussi, parmi les communes urbaines denses, les communes les plus défavorisées cumulent davantage de jours d’exposition à la pollution alors que parmi les communes rurales le résultat est inverse, toutes choses égales par ailleurs. Cet écart est cependant beaucoup plus faible pour les communes rurales. Enfin, dernier résultat présenté dans ce policy brief, les jours de pollution des communes rurales les plus aisées sont composés d’une plus grande part de jours cocktail. En revanche, les communes urbaines pauvres et aisées ont une part en moyenne équivalente de jours cocktails, toutes choses égales par ailleurs.
description: This policy brief presents the research results of an assessment of social inequalities in exposure to several air pollutants using new indicators. Exposure differences between municipalities are measured through the number of exposure days at risk and the composition of pollution days. The results show that urban communities accumulate many exposure days, a significant part of which are multi-exposure days (cocktail days). Rural communities have fewer exposure days and mixtures of pollutants are less frequent. Also, among dense urban municipalities, the most disadvantaged municipalities accumulate more days of exposure to pollution, whereas among rural municipalities the result is the opposite, all other things being equal. However, this difference is much smaller for rural municipalities. Finally, the last result presented in this policy brief is that the pollution days of the most affluent rural communes are composed of a larger share of cocktail days. In contrast, poor and affluent urban municipalities have an equivalent average share of cocktail days, all other things being equal.
Methanogenesis in the sediments of an Australian freshwater wetland: comparison with aerobic decay, and factors controlling methanogenesis
Creators: name: Boon, Paul I
name: Mitchell, Alison
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Sediment oxygen demands and water-atmosphere methane emissions of a highly productive, freshwater wetland on the floodplain of the River Murray in south-eastern Australia were quantified over a 14 month period in 1993–1994. Total sediment oxygen demands ranged from 1.3 to 3.3 mmol m−2 h−1, of which < 3 to 90% was due to chemical oxygen demand. Methane emissions ranged from < 0.01 mmol m−2 h−1 in winter to 2.75 mmol m−2 h−1 in summer. Methanogenesis accounted for at least 60% of the combined aerobic and methanogenic carbon flux in sediments from Eleocharis sphacelata beds, and at least 30% and 40% of the combined flux in sediments from Myriophyllum sp. beds and Vallisneria gigantea beds, respectively. In vitro incubations, using additions of sulfate and of molybdate, failed to indicate unequivocally competition for substrates between sulfate-reducing and methanogenic bacteria. However, in vitro methanogenesis was strongly inhibited by nitrate, suggesting an interaction between benthic methanogens and denitrifying or other nitrate-reducing bacteria. Fe3+ decreased in vitro methanogenesis by 16–49% during January, February and March 1994; oxidation of organic matter at the expense of the reduction of ferric ions could be a significant route for detritus processing in Eleocharis-bed sediments in the warmer months. Methanogenesis was increased consistently by additions of some low molecular weight substrates, such as acetate, but not by others, such as methanol, propionate and trimethylamine. Complex polymeric substrates, such as cellulose, starch and aquatic plant matter, increased in vitro methanogenesis rapidly and markedly. Despite this, no relationship between methane emissions and benthic cellulase activity was observed in the field. Methanogenesis was strongly temperature dependent, being maximal at 30 to 40°C and minimal at 5°C, thereby explaining the strong seasonality observed in methane emissions in situ.
Rapamycin enhances LPS induction of tissue factor and tumor necrosis factor-α expression in macrophages by reducing IL-10 expression
Creators: name: Baker, Alyson K.
name: Wang, Ruipeng
name: Mackman, Nigel
name: Luyendyk, James P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces monocytes/macrophages to express proinflammatory cytokines and tissue factor (TF), the primary activator of the coagulation cascade. Anti-inflammatory signaling pathways including the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway inhibit proinflammatory and TF gene expression in macrophages. We determined the role of Akt, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and interleukin-10 in the inhibition of LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine and TF gene expression in peritoneal macrophages (PMs). We used wild type (WT) peritoneal macrophages (PMs), and PMs from PTENflox/flox/LysMCre mice (PTEN−/− PMs), which have increased Akt activity. Pharmacologic inhibition of mTOR with rapamycin inhibited LPS induction of IL-10 mRNA and protein, and enhanced the expression of TF and the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα in WT PMs. Furthermore, neutralizing IL-10 with anti-IL-10 antibody enhanced LPS induction of TNFα and TF expression in WT PMs. The addition of recombinant IL-10 abolished rapamycin enhancement of LPS-induced TNFα and TF expression in WT PMs. Consistent with enhanced Akt activation, LPS-induced IL-10 expression was increased in PTEN−/− PMs compared to WT PMs. In contrast, LPS-induced TNFα and TF expression was significantly reduced in PTEN−/− PMs compared to WT PMs. However, the neutralizing IL-10 antibody did not completely prevent inhibition of LPS-induced TNFα and TF expression in PTEN−/− PMs. The results indicate that mTOR-dependent IL-10 expression leads to inhibition of LPS induction of TF and the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα in WT macrophages. In contrast, the decrease in LPS-induced TNFα and TF expression in PTEN−/− PMs also requires an IL-10-independent pathway.
Reverse Time Migration for Reconstructing Extended Obstacles in Planar Acoustic Waveguides
Creators: name: Chen, Zhiming
name: Huang, Guanghui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35R30, 78A46, 78A50

description: We propose a new reverse time migration method for reconstructing extended obstacles in the planar waveguide using acoustic waves at a fixed frequency. We prove the resolution of the reconstruction method in terms of the aperture and the thickness of the waveguide. The resolution analysis implies that the imaginary part of the cross-correlation imaging function is always positive and thus may have better stability properties. Numerical experiments are included to illustrate the powerful imaging quality and to confirm our resolution results.
Coronal Magnetic Fields derived with Images acquired during the 21 August 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Creators: name: Bemporad, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coronal magnetic field, despite its overwhelming importance to the physics and dynamics of the corona, has only rarely been measured. Here, the electron density maps derived from images acquired during the total solar eclipse of August 21st, 2017 are employed to demonstrate a new technique to measure the coronal magnetic fields. The strength of the coronal magnetic fields is derived with a semiempirical formula relating the plasma magnetic energy density to the gravitational potential energy. The resulting values are compared with those provided by more advanced coronal field reconstruction methods based on MHD simulations of the whole corona starting from photospheric field measurements, finding a very good agreement. Other parameters such as the plasma-$β$ and Alfvén velocity are also derived and compared with those of MHD simulations. Moreover, the plane-of-sky (POS) orientation of the coronal magnetic fields is derived from the observed inclination of the coronal features in the filtered images, also finding a close agreement with magnetic field reconstructions. Hence, this work demonstrates for the first time that the 2D distribution of coronal electron densities measured during total solar eclipses is sufficient to provide the coronal magnetic field strengths and inclinations projected on the POS. These are among the main missing pieces of information that limited so far our understanding of physical phenomena going on in the solar corona.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
(:unas) unassigned
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2024

description: Il saggio intende focalizzarsi sull’impatto esercitato dal teatro di Pasolini sulla scena contemporanea, attraverso l’analisi, in particolare, di P. P. Pasolini ovvero Elogio al disimpegno (2004) per la Compagnia della Fortezza di Armando Punzo (Leone d’oro alla carriera Biennale Teatro 2023) e Orgia (2016) per Licia Lanera (Premio UBU regia 2022), allestimenti entrambi degli anni Duemila che partono dalla drammaturgia pasoliniana per portare sulla scena la tematica della diversità e dell’emarginazione.
description: The essay intends to focus on the impact of Pasolini's theater on the contemporary scene, through the analysis, in particular, of P. P. Pasolini ovvero Elogio al disimpegno (2004) for Armando Punzo's Compagnia della Fortezza (Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement at the Biennale Teatro 2023) and Orgia (2016) for Licia Lanera (UBU Director Award 2022), both productions from the 2000s that start from Pasolini's dramaturgy to bring the theme of diversity and marginalization to the stage.
Signaling pathways mediating β3-adrenergic receptor-induced production of interleukin-6 in adipocytes
Creators: name: Tchivileva, Inna E.
name: Nackley, Andrea G.
name: Romanov, Sergei
name: Diatchenko, Luda
name: Makarov, Sergei S.
name: Flood, Patrick M.
name: Medvedev, Alexander V.
name: Maixner, William
name: Tan, Kai Soo
name: Gambarian, Maria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The β3-adrenergic receptor (β3AR) is an essential regulator of metabolic and endocrine functions. A major cellular and clinically significant consequence of β3AR activation is the substantial elevation in interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Although the β3AR-dependent regulation of IL-6 expression is well established, the cellular pathways underlying this regulation have not been characterized. Using a novel method of homogenous reporters, we assessed the pattern of activation of 43 transcription factors in response to the specific β3AR agonist {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"CL316243","term_id":"44896132","term_text":"CL316243"}}CL316243 in adipocytes, cells that exhibit the highest expression of β3ARs. We observed a unique and robust activation of the CRE-response element, suggesting that IL-6 transcription is regulated via the Gs-protein/cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) but not nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. However, pretreatment of adipocytes with pharmacologic inhibitors of PKA pathway failed to block β3AR-mediated IL-6 up-regulation. Additionally, stimulation of adipocytes with the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) agonist did not induce IL-6 expression. Instead, the β3AR-mediated transcription of IL-6 required activation of both the p38 and PKC pathways. Western blot analysis further showed that transcription factors CREB and ATF-2 but not ATF-1 were activated in a p38- and PKC-dependent manner. Collectively, our results suggest that while stimulation of the β3AR leads to a specific activation of CRE-dependent transcription, there are several independent cellular pathways that converge at the level of CRE-response element activation, and in the case of IL-6 this activation is mediated by p38 and PKC but not PKA pathways.
A Study of Motivational Factors and Cultural Adjustment of Chinese Youth Studying of Living in Thailand: The Case of Nonthaburi
Creators: name: Ormwajee Pibool
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2022
Subjects: Motivational Factors
Cultural Adaptation
Chinese Youth
Chinese Youth in Thailand

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 2, 5, 379-396
Generation of arbitrary cylindrical vector beams on the higher order Poincare sphere
Creators: name: Chen, Shizhen
name: Zhou, Xinxing
name: Liu, Yachao
name: Ling, Xiaohui
name: Luo, Hailu
name: Wen, Shuangchun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel interferometric approach to generate arbitrary cylindrical vector beams on the higher order Poincare sphere. Our scheme is implemented by collinear superposition of two orthogonal circular polarizations with opposite topological charges. By modifying the amplitude and phase factors of the two beams, respectively, any desired vector beams on the higher order Poincare sphere with high tunability can be acquired. Our research provides a convenient way to evolve the polarization states in any path on the high order Poincare sphere.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Evaluation of the Project to Promote and Develop Learning Center According to the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy for Sustainability, Bannongbuasaadpokom School, Phibun Rak District, Udon Thani Province
Creators: name: Napussanun Sompong
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2022
Subjects: Project Evaluation
Learning Center
Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 2, 5, 397-414
Javalbiopsis Cook 1967
Creators: name: Smit, Harry
name: Pešić, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Aturidae
Javalbiopsis

description: Subgenus Javalbiopsis Cook, 1967
Diagnosis (after Cook 1974, revised). Glandularia platelets in dorsal furrow greatly enlarged. Dorsal shield either indented anteriorly and with glandularia lying free in these indentations, or without indentations and these glandularia fused with dorsal shield. Vgl-4 either fused with ventral shield or lying separated. Excretory pore fused with the dorsal shield in both sexes.
Thus far, only J. africana Cook, 1966 (Liberia) and J. persica Pešić, Smit & Saboori, 2012 (SE-Iran) are known.
description: Published as part of Smit, Harry & Pešić, Vladimir, 2014, Water mites from Mount Kinabalu and the Crocker Range, Borneo, Malaysia (Acari: Hydrachnidia), with the description of 34 new species, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 3876 (1) on page 40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3876.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/287281
Accurate structure prediction of peptide–MHC complexes for identifying highly immunogenic antigens
Creators: name: Collins, Edward J.
name: Miller, Keith R.
name: Park, Sung Yong
name: Park, Min-Sun
name: Lee, Ha Youn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Designing an optimal HIV-1 vaccine faces the challenge of identifying antigens that induce a broad immune capacity. One factor to control the breadth of T cell responses is the surface morphology of a peptide-MHC complex. Here, we present an in silico protocol for predicting peptide-MHC structure. A robust signature of a conformational transition was identified during all-atom molecular dynamics, which results in a model with high accuracy. A large test set was used in constructing our protocol and we went another step further using a blind test with a wild-type peptide and two highly immunogenic mutants, which predicted substantial conformational changes in both mutants. The center residues at position five of the analogs were configured to be accessible to solvent, forming a prominent surface, while the residue of the wild-type peptide was to point laterally towards the side of the binding cleft. We then experimentally determined the structures of the blind test set, using high resolution of X-ray crystallography, which verified predicted conformational changes. Our observation strongly supports a positive association of the surface morphology of a peptide-MHC complex to its immunogenicity. Our study offers the prospect of enhancing immunogenicity of vaccines by identifying MHC binding immunogens.
Materiali per lo studio della fauna Tunisina raccolti da G. e L. Doria. III. Rassegna delle formiche della Tunisia.
Creators: name: Emery, C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1884
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Ponera punctatissima Rog. Tunisi (G. e L. Doria) § 9.
description: Published as part of Emery, C., 1884, Materiali per lo studio della fauna Tunisina raccolti da G. e L. Doria. III. Rassegna delle formiche della Tunisia., pp. 373-386 in Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria (Genova) 21 on page 377
The Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on the James Webb Space Telescope V. Optimal algorithms for planning multi-object spectroscopic observations
Creators: name: Bonaventura, N.
name: Jakobsen, P.
name: Ferruit, P.
name: Arribas, S.
name: Giardino, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of the capabilities and key algorithms employed in the so-called eMPT software suite developed for planning scientifically optimized, multi-object spectroscopic (MOS) observations with the Micro-Shutter Array (MSA) of the Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) instrument on board the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the first multi-object spectrograph to operate in space. NIRSpec MOS mode is enabled by a programmable MSA, a regular grid of ~250,000 individual apertures that projects to a static, semi-regular pattern of available slits on the sky and makes the planning and optimization of an MSA observation a rather complex task. As such, the eMPT package is offered to the NIRSpec user community as a supplement to the MSA Planning Tool (MPT) included in the STScI Astronomer's Proposal Tool (APT) to assist in the planning of NIRSpec MOS proposals requiring advanced functionality to meet ambitious science goals. The eMPT produces output that can readily be imported and incorporated into the user's observing program within the APT to generate a customized MPT MOS observation. Furthermore, its novel algorithms and modular approach make it highly flexible and customizable, providing users the option to finely control the workflow and even insert their own software modules to tune their MSA slit masks to the particular scientific objectives at hand.
G-protein signaling modulator-3, a gene linked to autoimmune diseases, regulates monocyte function and its deficiency protects from inflammatory arthritis
Creators: name: Buckley, Brian K.
name: Giguère, Patrick M.
name: Siderovski, David P.
name: Liu, Peng
name: Billard, Matthew J.
name: Tarrant, Teresa K.
name: Foreman, Oded
name: Esserman, Denise
name: Timoshchenko, Roman G.
name: McGinnis, Marcus W.
name: Laroche, Geneviève
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Polymorphism at the GPSM3 gene locus is inversely associated with four systemic autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. G-protein signaling modulator-3 (GPSM3) expression is most pronounced in myeloid cells, in which it targets heterotrimeric G-protein Gαi subunits of chemokine receptors, critical to immune function. To begin to explore the regulatory role of GPSM3 in monocytes, human THP-1 and primary mouse myeloid cells were cultured under stimulus conditions; GPSM3 was found by immunoblotting to be expressed at highest levels in the mature monocyte. To evaluate the effects of GPSM3 deficiency on a myeloid-dependent autoimmune disease, Collagen Antibody-Induced Arthritis (CAIA) was induced in Gpsm3−/− and control mice, which were then analyzed for clinical score, paw swelling, intra-articular proinflammatory markers, and histopathology. Mice lacking GPSM3 were protected from CAIA, and expression of monocyte-representative pro-inflammatory chemokine receptors and cytokines in paws of Gpsm3−/− mice were decreased. Flow cytometry, apoptosis, and transwell chemotaxis experiments were conducted to further characterize the effect of GPSM3 deficiency on survival and chemokine responsiveness of monocytes. GPSM3-deficient myeloid cells had reduced migration ex vivo to CCL2, CX3CL1, and chemerin and enhanced apoptosis in vitro. Our results suggest that GPSM3 is an important regulator of monocyte function involving mechanisms of differentiation, survival, and chemotaxis, and deficiency in GPSM3 expression is protective in acute inflammatory arthritis.
title: Welfare Economics and Neoliberalism: Interpreting the ideal type of perfect competition general equilibrium (LIEPP Working Paper, n°143)
Creators: name: Carbonnier, Clément
Publisher: name: Sciences Po - LIEPP
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: FOS: Social sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Both institutional economists preparing public policies and academic economists evaluating them keep the premise of perfect competition markets as reference, despite market failures are broadly acknowledged. Actually, a large bunch of economic research has explored deviations from the ideal-type (imperfect competition or information, positive or negative exter- nalities, poverty traps, bounded rationality...). Yet, this large literature keeps the ideal-type of perfect competition general equilibrium as the reference to which are compared more realistic models and toward which are supposed to tend actual economic organizations, thanks to the proposed public policies. Mainly, the virtual reference of perfect competition markets is considered as efficient, but not attained because of market failures: the aim of public policies is then to intervene to close the gap between actual market allocation and this supposed efficiency. The present article aims at understanding the characteristics of this dominant ideal-type, and specifically what is called efficiency. It analyzes: i. the way the concept of Pareto optimum is interpreted as an efficiency criterium; ii. the mechanisms through which the market process is supposed to lead to a Pareto optimal situation; iii. which one is selected amid the multiple potentially Pareto optimal situations. It allows to conclude to a false interpretation of efficiency of perfect competition, which is essentially a mechanism of gathering information by weighting individual preferences in proportion to their purchasing power. The use of perfect competition as reference and the limit of the concept of efficiency are illustrated through examples of public policies, notably green taxes.