Classic Period Occupation on the Santa Cruz Flats: The Santa Cruz Flats Archaeological Project, Part 1
Creators: name: Jelinek, Lauren
Publisher: name: Northland Research, Inc.
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Santa Cruz Flats
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76829/santa-cruz-flats
subject: Picacho Mountains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/16532/picacho-mountains
subject: Casa Grande Mountains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76835/casa-grande-mountains
subject: Santa Cruz River
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76790/santa-cruz-river
subject: Gila Basin
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76827/gila-basin
subject: Hohokam Sedentary period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/143/hohokam-sedentary-period
subject: Hohokam Classic period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/144/hohokam-classic-period
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: AZ AA:6:31(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/5709/az-aa631asm
subject: AZ AA:6:32(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/5710/az-aa632asm
subject: AZ AA:6:33(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/5711/az-aa633asm
subject: AZ AA:6:34(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/5712/az-aa634asm
subject: Hotts Hawk
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/3933/hotts-hawk
subject: El Viento
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/3935/el-viento
subject: The Gecko Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/3938/the-gecko-site
subject: Los Rectangulos
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/3939/los-rectangulos
subject: AZ AA:6:22(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/5700/az-aa622asm
subject: AZ AA:6:23(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/5701/az-aa623asm
subject: AZ AA:6:24(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/5702/az-aa624asm
subject: AZ AA:6:25(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/5703/az-aa625asm
subject: AZ AA:6:26(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/5704/az-aa626asm
subject: AZ AA:6:27(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/5705/az-aa627asm
subject: AZ AA:6:28(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/5706/az-aa628asm
subject: AZ AA:6:29(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/5707/az-aa629asm
subject: AZ AA:6:3(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/5708/az-aa63asm
subject: Funerary and Burial Structures or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/301/funerary-and-burial-structures-or-features
subject: Resource Extraction / Production / Transportation Structure or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/272/resource-extraction-production-transportation-structure-or-features
subject: Agricultural or Herding
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/273/agricultural-or-herding
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: Artifact Scatter
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/340/artifact-scatter
subject: Hearth
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/343/hearth
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Settlements
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/252/settlements
subject: Encampment
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/253/encampment
subject: Hamlet / Village
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/254/hamlet-village
subject: Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/256/domestic-structures
subject: Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/355/pit
subject: Refuse Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/356/refuse-pit
subject: Wattle &amp; Daub (Jacal) Structure
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/261/wattle-daub-jacal-structure
subject: Roasting Pit / Oven / Horno
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/357/roasting-pit-oven-horno
subject: Pit House / Earth Lodge
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/263/pit-house-earth-lodge
subject: Room Block / Compound / Pueblo
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/264/room-block-compound-pueblo
subject: Pollen
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/13/pollen
subject: Shell
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/14/shell
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Dating Sample
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/3/dating-sample
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Fire Cracked Rock
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/5/fire-cracked-rock
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Human Remains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/9/human-remains
subject: Macrobotanical
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/10/macrobotanical
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/134691/hohokam
subject: Residential
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/134854/residential
subject: Resource / Extraction Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/125817/resource-extraction-site
subject: Archaeological Overview
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/1/archaeological-overview
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Research Design / Data Recovery Plan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/9/research-design-data-recovery-plan

description: This report presents the results of archaeological investigations at 13 prehistoric sites located on the Santa Cruz Flats. The investigations were sponsored by the Bureau of Reclamation in order to mitigate the impact to prehistoric resources in the construction of the Central Arizona Irrigation and Drainage District, Central Unit II and III irrigation systems. These systems are located southwest of Interstate 10, south and west of Eloy, Arizona, south and east of Arizona City, Arizona, and north of Friendly Comers, Arizona. The 13 sites included three villages, one farmstead, and nine resource procurement loci; most of these were occupied during the late Sedentary or Classic periods. The primary goal of the study was to describe and elucidate the Classic period occupation of the Santa Cruz Flats. Evidence presented here indicates that there was a change in the structure and distribution of settlement between the late pre-Classic and Classic periods on the Santa Cruz Flats. The contrasts in settlement structure suggest that this change involved the transition from economically autonomous village communities to a centrally coordinated platform mound complex. A change in subsistence patterns may also be indicated. The locations of pre-Classic communities suggest that there was greater diversification of subsistence options, with procurement of resources across a wide range of rnicroenvironments. During the Classic period, this diversification was supplanted by an intense focus on agriculture. Although it is clear that wild or gathered resources continued to supplement the diet, these may have been obtained in part through exchange networks established with other mound communities located to exploit the same set of resources as in the pre-Classic period.