Rhinolophus microglobosus Csorba &amp; Jenkins 1998
Creators: name: Burgin, Connor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus microglobosus

description: 90. Vietnamese Brown Horseshoe <i>Bat</i> <i>Rhinolophus microglobosus</i> <b>French:</b> <i>Rhinolophe</i> à petit nez <b> <i>I</i> German:</b> Braune <i>Vietnam-Hufeisennase</i> / <b>Spanish:</b> Herradura <i>de Vietnam</i> <b>Other common names:</b> <i>Indochinese</i> Brown Horseshoe <i>Bat</i>, Indochinese Lesser <i>Brown</i> Horseshoe Bat Taxonomy. <i>Rhinolophus stheno microglobosus</i> Csorba &amp;Jenkins, 1998, “ Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tuyen Quang <i>Province</i>, Vietnam, between 22°16’ and 22°31’N, 105°22’ and 105°29’E, altitude 100-1082 m.” <i>Rhinolophus microglobosus</i> is <i>currently</i> included in the <i>euryotis</i> species group, due to its close relationship with <i>R. stheno.</i> It has typically been treated as a subspecies of <i>R.stheno,</i> but is now recognized as a distinct species on morphological grounds according to P. Soisook and colleagues in 2008. Some recently collected specimens from China most <i>likely</i> represent this species, although their echolocation calls fall within the range of <i>R.stheno;</i> further comparison is needed. <i>Monotypic</i>. Distribution. Myanmar, S China (Yunnan), Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and at least N &amp; C Vietnam; exact distributional limits are uncertain. <b>Descriptive notes.</b> Head-body 39-9-60- 1 mm, tail 14-5—22- 4 mm, ear 12-3-17- 6 mm, hindfoot 6-9- 5 mm, forearm 41-4—46- 3 mm; <i>weight</i> 5-9 g. Dorsal pelage is grayish brown to yellowish brown, and ventral pelage is pale brown. Ears are small to medium in length. Noseleaf has long, straight-sided lancet with cuneate tip and median septum that is wider than middle pockets; connecting process is rounded and covered in scattered long hairs; sella has nearly parallel sides; horseshoe is wide (6-9— 9 mm), covering much of muzzle, and has shallow median emargination and conspicuous secondary leaflets; outer ring of horseshoe is darker than paler area around the nostrils. Lower lip has three mental grooves. Skull is slender with subequal zygomatic and mastoid widths (narrower than in Lesser Brown Horseshoe <b>Bat</b>, <i>R. stheno)',</i> anterior median rostral swellings are high and <i>abrupdy</i> elevated (their anterior wall is perpendicular to upper tooth row); posterior swellings are reduced rostral profile is <i>posteriorly very</i> concave; sagittal crest is moderately developed (anterior median swellings are less inflated and narrower than in the Lesser Brown Horseshoe Bat); frontal depression is deep (shallower than in the Lesser Brown Horseshoe Bat); supraorbital crests are high; interorbital region is <i>very</i> narrow. P2 is large, with a distinct cusp, and is within tooth row, which separates C1 and P4; P3 is small and <i>completely</i> displaced, allowing P2 and P4 to touch. Karyotype is 2n = 62 (Thailand). Habitat. <i>Mainly</i> known from limestone karsts and lowland to hill evergreen forests. Recorded at elevations from sea level up to 1082 m. <b>Food and Feeding.</b> No information. Breeding. A pregnant female was captured in late <i>February</i>, and a lactating female in May in central Thailand. <b>Activity patterns.</b> Vietnamese Brown Horseshoe Bats are nocturnal and roost in caves during the day. Torpid individuals have been reported in their day roosts in July. Call shape is FM/CF/FM with a peak F recorded at 87-2 kHz in Yunnan, China, 94-1-100-3 kHz in northern Thailand, 85-95 kHz in western Thailand, 92-97 kHz and 101-5-101-7 kHz in two areas of Myanmar, and 95 kHz in Laos. <b>Movements, Home range and Social organization.</b> The Vietnamese Brown Horseshoe Bat roosts in small or large colonies with up to c.1200 individuals reported in one cave in Thailand. Roosts with 10-50 individuals are common. <b>Status and</b> Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on <i>The IUCN ed List.</i> There are <i>currently</i> no major threats facing this widespread species, although roost disturbance may locally affect some populations. The Vietnamese Brown Horseshoe Bat is <i>apparendy</i> hunted in north-eastern Thailand, but this probably does not have a significant effect on the population. <b>Bibliography.</b> Csorba &amp; Jenkins (1998), Csorba <i>et</i> al. (2003), Francis (2008a), Harada et al. (1985), Kruskop (2013a), Soisook (2008, 2017a), Soisook et al. (2008), Stoffberg <i>et</i> al. (2010), Zhang Jinshuo et al. (2005), Zhang <i>Libiao</i>, Jones et al. (2009).
description: Published as part of <i>Burgin, Connor, 2019, Rhinolophidae, pp. 280-332 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions</i> on page 322, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3748525