Eumerus tricolor
Creators: name: Gilasian, Ebrahim
name: Steenis, Jeroen van
name: Parchami-Araghi, Mehrdad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Eumerus
Eumerus tricolor

description: Identification key to the males of the Eumerus tricolor species group in Iran
Females are not included in the following key because they are either unknown for most of the species or morphologically difficult to separate from each other.
1. Basoflagellomere radially furrowed, apicolaterally with clearly demarcated, ellipsoidal fossa (Fig. 11 A–I); katepisternum almost entirely pilose; wing vein costa with a row of long posterodorsal setae basally (Fig. 8F); terga often more or less red coloured; anterior surstylus lobe undeveloped (Figs 18 A–F, 19A–E) .............................................................................................. tricolor group 2
– Basoflagellomere without radial grooves, its fossa unclear; katepisternum with separate dorsal and ventral pile patch; wing vein costa with at most short posterodorsal pile basally; terga black coloured, in some species with yellow transparent maculae on tergum II laterally; anterior surstylus lobe more or less developed ............................................................................................ other Eumerus groups
2. Eyes pilose (as in Fig. 15A); scutum and scutellum shiny metallic, weakly pollinose (as in Fig. 3C); legs predominantly black; metafemur slightly enlarged (as in Fig. 9A) .......................................... 3
– Eyes bare (Fig. 15 C–D); scutum and scutellum strongly pollinose, with very short yellowish pile and with 4 longitudinal blackish vittae (Fig. 3F); legs predominantly orange (Fig. 6F); metafemur strongly enlarged ....................................................................................... E. jacobsoni Becker, 1913
3. Metaleg extremely long and slender (Fig. 7G) ................................................................................. 4
– Metaleg not elongated, clearly enlarged (especially metafemur) ..................................................... 5
4. Eyes widely spaced (Fig. 17E); face white pilose; scutum brownish pilose, without pollinose vittae; wing infuscated (Fig. 4G); abdominal terga II–IV predominantly reddishorange .......................................................................................... E. tadzhikorum Stackelberg, 1949
– Eyes only about 1 ommatidium spaced (Fig. 15G); face black pilose, in some specimens entirely white pilose; scutum white pilose, with 2 narrow median pollinose vittae; wing hyaline (Fig. 3H); abdomen black ............................................................................................ E. longitarsis Peck, 1979
5. Wing extensively bare of microtrichia, also on apical half; protarsus with strong setae along posterior margin, especially basitarsomere with several setae along entire posterior margin; subscutellar pile fringe long and dense and with apices strongly bent medially; pleura above metacoxa pilose ................................................................................................. E. persarum Stackelberg, 1961
– Wing almost entirely covered with microtrichia, basal cells sometimes partly bare; protarsus without strong setae along posterior margin, or at most with one apical seta on each tarsomere; subscutellar pile fringe long or short, not dense, and with apices at most very slightly bent medially; pleura above metacoxa bare ................................................................................................................................... 6
6. Wing at least slightly infuscated; metatarsus with dense thick black pile fringe ............................. 7
– Wing hyaline; metatarsus without dense thick black pile fringe ...................................................... 8
7. Eyes 3–4 ommatidia spaced (Fig. 17A); scutum and pleurae with relatively long pile; metafemur with long ventral pile, about ¼–⅓ width of metafemur; dense dorsal thick pile fringe on metatibia almost absent (Fig. 10B); metatarsus with pile fringe on entire dorsal surface (Fig. 10C); wing slightly infuscated in apical half from anterior margin to anterior half of cell dm; male genitalia as in Figs 19C, 21C, 23C ............................................... E. pilosipedes Gilasian & van Steenis sp. nov.
– Eyes about 1 ommatidium spaced (Fig. 15E); scutum and pleurae with short pile; metafemur with short ventral pile, about ⅛–1/7 width of metafemur; metatibia with dense dorsal thick pile fringe apically (Fig. 10A); metatarsus pile fringe confined to antero-dorsal margin of metatarsus; wing strongly infuscated reaching to posterior margin of wing; male genitalia as in Figs 19B, 21B, 23B ..................................................................................................... E. kazanovzkyae Paramonov, 1927
8. Eyes holoptic with long eye contiguity ............................................................................................ 9
– Eyes dichoptic, in some species coalescent in one point ................................................................ 10
9. Eye contiguity about 0.7 times as long as frontal triangle; face and frontal triangle white pilose (Fig. 13H); scutum with long yellowish pile (Fig. 6D); abdomen predominantly reddish-orange (Fig. 3D); male genitalia as in Figs 18C, 20C, 22C ........................................................................... ................................................................................... E. chekabicus Gilasian & van Steenis sp. nov.
– Eye contiguity about 0.4 times as long as frontal triangle; face and frontal triangle black pilose (Fig. 16 C–D); scutum with mix of white and black pile (Fig. 7B); abdomen brownish-black (Fig. 4B); male genitalia as in Figs 19A, 21A, 23A ......................................... E. hissaricus Stackelberg, 1949
10. Eyes widely spaced, distance between eyes more than width of ocellar triangle (Fig. 13E); scutum pilose, with two bare longitudinal areas posteromedially; scutellum, in lateral view, strongly arched basally, more than half as high as long ........................................................... E. falsus Becker, 1922
– Eyes less widely spaced, distance between eyes less than width of ocellar triangle; scutum entirely and evenly pilose; scutellum more flat, at most ¼ as high as long ..................................................11
11. Pile on scutum at least equal to combined length of two basal segments of arista ........................ 12
– Pile on scutum very short, shorter than combined length of two basal segments of arista ............ 16
12. Basoflagellomere black or brownish-black .................................................................................... 13
– Basoflagellomere orange ................................................................................................................ 14
13. Eyes 6–7 ommatidia spaced (Fig. 17G); tergum III entirely and tergum II mostly orange; male genitalia as in Figs 19D, 21D, 23D; body length: 6 mm .................................................................... ...................................................................................... E. vallicolus Gilasian & van Steenis sp. nov.
– Eyes coalescent in one point (Fig. 13A); terga almost entirely reddish-brown (Fig. 3A); male genitalia as in Figs 18A, 20A, 22A; body length: 9.7 mm ....... E. atricolorus Gilasian & van Steenis sp. nov.
14. Eyes distinctly dichoptic; scutum and scutellum with dense pile; legs long pilose; abdomen mostly orange ............................................................................................................................................. 15
– Eyes coalescent in one point (Fig. 17C); scutum and scutellum with less dense pile; legs short pilose; abdomen brownish-black; male genitalia as in Figs 18F, 20F, 22F ...... E. richteri Stackelberg, 1960
15. Basoflagellomere egg-shaped (Fig. 11G); eyes 8–9 ommatidia spaced (Fig. 16E); ocellar triangle isosceles; vein R 4+5 slightly sinuate; legs predominantly black except for orange apex of femora and orange basal third of tibiae; abdominal tergum III almost entirely orange; male genitalia as in Figs 18E, 20E, 22E .................................................... E. ovoformus Gilasian & van Steenis sp. nov.
– Basoflagellomere not egg-shaped; eyes about 4 ommatidia spaced (Fig. 15A); ocellar triangle equilateral; vein R 4+5 deeply sinuate; tarsi and basal half of tibiae orange; abdominal tergum III with distinct median black vitta; male genitalia as in Figs 18D, 20D, 22D .... E. coeruleus (Becker, 1913)
16. Basoflagellomere orange (Fig. 11B); frontal triangle with dense pile; tibiae orange in basal third; abdomen black (Fig. 3B); male genitalia as in Figs 18B, 20B, 22B .................................................. .................................................................................. E. brevipilosus Gilasian & van Steenis sp. nov.
– Basoflagellomere black; frontal triangle with less dense pile (Fig. 13I); tibiae predominantly black except for narrow basal orange margin; abdomen predominantly orange; male genitalia as in Grković et al. (2017: 188, fig. 11d) ...................................................................... E. tricolor (Fabricius, 1798)
description: Published as part of Gilasian, Ebrahim, Steenis, Jeroen van & Parchami-Araghi, Mehrdad, 2020, Review of the Eumerus tricolor species group (Diptera: Syrphidae) in Iran, with description of six new species, pp. 106-152 in European Journal of Taxonomy 722 on pages 146-148, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.722.1139, http://zenodo.org/record/4239287