cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Log-normal distribution based EMOS models for probabilistic wind speed forecasting
Creators: name: Baran, Sándor
name: Lerch, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ensembles of forecasts are obtained from multiple runs of numerical weather forecasting models with different initial conditions and typically employed to account for forecast uncertainties. However, biases and dispersion errors often occur in forecast ensembles, they are usually under-dispersive and uncalibrated and require statistical post-processing. We present an Ensemble Model Output Statistics (EMOS) method for calibration of wind speed forecasts based on the log-normal (LN) distribution, and we also show a regime-switching extension of the model which combines the previously studied truncated normal (TN) distribution with the LN. Both presented models are applied to wind speed forecasts of the eight-member University of Washington mesoscale ensemble, of the fifty-member ECMWF ensemble and of the eleven-member ALADIN-HUNEPS ensemble of the Hungarian Meteorological Service, and their predictive performances are compared to those of the TN and general extreme value (GEV) distribution based EMOS methods and to the TN-GEV mixture model. The results indicate improved calibration of probabilistic and accuracy of point forecasts in comparison to the raw ensemble and to climatological forecasts. Further, the TN-LN mixture model outperforms the traditional TN method and its predictive performance is able to keep up with the models utilizing the GEV distribution without assigning mass to negative values.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures
Executive Summary: A Conservation and Management Plan for the National Heritage Listed Fitzroy River Catchment Estate (No. 1)
Creators: name: RiverOfLife Martuwarra
name: Poelina, Anne
name: R. Quentin Grafton
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110403 Traditional Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Medicine and Treatments
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 130301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 160501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 180101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 210301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 200201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultural Studies
subject: FOS: Other humanities
subject: 80701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Knowledge Management
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 169902 Studies of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Society
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 200501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Literature
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 210101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Archaeology
subject: 200319 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages
subject: 190401 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Performing Arts
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 50201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Environmental Knowledge
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The Executive Summary for the Plan publication 'A Conservation and Management Plan for the National Heritage Listed Fitzroy River Catchment Estate (No. 1)' for the Martuwarra Fitzroy River Council.
Chasing the Locals in Urban Japan
Creators: name: Purkarthofer, Florian
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: The term “local” often has positive associations, adding a warm familiarity to ordinary phenomena and items and creating “a sense of home.” Local communities, locally produced products, and local traditions carry sentiments of belonging, often capitalized on through branding strategies, policies, or even political propaganda. In contrast, this paper takes a closer look at dissonance and conflicting conceptions of the local. Because it is essential to critically rethink what constitutes locality, our central question is: How can we define a type of “local” that is not based upon the demands of a single (scientific) discipline or ideology like the “idealized image of the local community,” but on qualitative parameters and factors of influence? The goal of this research project, in which this paper is only a small but significant step on a long journey, is to get one step closer to an analytical understanding of the local in an anthropocentric sense, by rendering the local and existing conceptions through the layer of sensory possibilities and affective processes. This anthropocentric and sensory-sensitive approach to the local is achieved by analyzing empirical data from fieldwork in urban neighborhoods in Tokyo.
description: Asien, Nr. 158/159 (2021): ASIEN (Januar/April)
Debt Risk after the Reform
Creators: name: Michlmayr, Timna
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: Land-backed borrowing emerged as one of China’s major economic risks after the accumulation of local-government debts and the implementation of the CNY 4 trillion fiscal stimulus package in 2008. Despite the introduction of far-reaching debt reform and the reorganization of local-borrowing mechanisms in 2015, the era of land-backed debt increases and the leveraging of public-land resources is not yet over. As exemplified by the recent developments in China’s municipal-bond market, new mechanisms for land-backed borrowing were introduced on a trial basis in 2017 under the novel debt-management regime. By critically evaluating the introduction of land-backed municipal bonds, this paper sheds light on recent developments in local-government borrowing in China that have not been discussed in detail so far by the scholarship. My evaluation draws on an in-depth analysis of central and local policy documents issued after 2008, a dataset on municipal bonds issued after 2017, insights from preliminary field research trips, and secondary literature on the topic. I argue that the introduction of land-backed bonds reflects an attempt to strengthen the top-down control over local borrowing, with the leveraging of land necessarily being upheld due to institutional constraints and path dependency.
description: Asien, Nr. 158/159 (2021): ASIEN (Januar/April)
The 17 GHz active region number
Creators: name: Selhorst, C. L.
name: Costa, J. E. R.
name: de Castro, C. G. Giménez
name: Valio, A.
name: Pacini, A. A.
name: Shibasaki, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the statistics of the number of active regions (NAR) observed at 17 GHz with the Nobeyama Radioheliograph between 1992, near the maximum of cycle 22, and 2013, that also includes the maximum of cycle 24, and we compare with other activity indexes. We find that NAR minima are shorter than those of the sunspot number (SSN) and radio flux at 10.7 cm (F10.7). This shorter NAR minima could reflect the presence of active regions generated by faint magnetic fields or spotless regions, which were a considerable fraction of the counted active regions. The ratio between the solar radio indexes F10.7/NAR shows a similar reduction during the two minima analyzed, which contrasts with the increase of the ratio of both radio indexes in relation to the SSN during the minimum of cycle 23-24. These results indicate that the radio indexes are more sensitive to weaker magnetic fields than those necessary to form sunspots, of the order of 1500 G. The analysis of the monthly averages of the active region brightness temperatures shows that its long term variation mimics the solar cycle, although, due to the gyro-resonance emission, a great number of intense spikes are observed in the maximum temperature study. The decrease, in number, of these spikes is also evident during the current cycle 24, a consequence of the sunspot magnetic field weakening in the last years.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Taiwan with a Side of New Public Diplomacy
Creators: name: Mandl, Martin
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: This paper is about the presentation of Taiwanese cuisine abroad. This is important for two reasons: (1) according to the concept of gastrodiplomacy, a country can use its national cuisine as a form of public diplomacy, and (2) Taiwan’s national identity is described as “contested and largely undefined at home and abroad” (Rawnsley 2017: 991). As one part of the nation’s identity-building process, its national cuisine is undergoing a process of “making and shaping.” The Taipei Representative Offices, Taiwan’s de facto embassies and consulates in German-speaking Europe, function as an important intermediary in shaping Taiwan’s image — including that of its cuisine — among foreign audiences. This paper analyzes the role of food in newsletters sent out by the Berlin, Bern, and Vienna offices in 2017 and 2018.The results of this analysis contribute to our understanding of the roles played by food in public diplomacy in general and in the Taiwanese context in particular. Moreover, it makes a significant contribution to research on the characteristics of Taiwanese cuisine and how it is constructed by political actors in an “attempt to distinguish it from others” (Chen 2011: 316).
description: Asien, Nr. 158/159 (2021): ASIEN (Januar/April)
Crystal growth and annealing study of fragile, non-bulk superconductivity in YFe$_2$Ge$_2$
Creators: name: Kim, H.
name: Ran, S.
name: Mun, E. D.
name: Hodovanets, H.
name: Tanatar, M. A.
name: Prozorov, R.
name: Bud'ko, S. L.
name: Canfield, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the occurrence and nature of superconductivity in single crystals of YFe$_2$Ge$_2$ grown out of Sn flux by employing x-ray diffraction, electrical resistivity, and specific heat measurements. We found that the residual resistivity ratio (RRR) of single crystals can be greatly improved, reaching as high as $\sim$60, by decanting the crystals from the molten Sn at $\sim$350$^\circ$C and/or by annealing at temperatures between 550$^\circ$C and 600$^\circ$C. We found that samples with RRR $\gtrsim$ 34 showed resistive signatures of superconductivity with the onset of the superconducting transition $T_c\approx1.4$ K. RRR values vary between 35 and 65 with, on average, no systematic change in $T_c$ value, indicating that systematic changes in RRR do not lead to comparable changes in $T_c$. Specific heat measurements on samples that showed clear resistive signatures of a superconducting transition did not show any signature of a superconducting phase transition, which suggests that the superconductivity observed in this compound is either some sort of filamentary, strain stabilized superconductivity associated with small amounts of stressed YFe$_2$Ge$_2$ (perhaps at twin boundaries or dislocations) or is a second crystallographic phase present at levels below detection capability of conventional powder x-ray techniques.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures
Controlling spin polarization of a quantum dot via a helical edge state
Creators: name: Probst, Benedikt
name: Virtanen, Pauli
name: Recher, Patrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a Zeeman-split quantum dot (QD) containing a single spin 1/2 weakly coupled to a helical Luttinger liquid (HLL) within a generalized master equation approach. The HLL induces a tunable magnetization direction on the QD controlled by an applied bias voltage when the quantization axes of the QD and the HLL are noncollinear. The backscattering conductance (BSC) in the HLL is finite and shows a resonance feature when the bias voltage equals the Zeeman energy in magnitude. The observed BSC asymmetry in bias voltage directly reflects the quantization axis of the HLL spin.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
The first flare observation with a new solar microwave spectrometer working in 35-40 GHz
Creators: name: Yan, F.
name: Wu, Z.
name: Shang, Z.
name: Wang, B.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Chen, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microwave spectrum contains valuable information about solar flares. Yet, the present spectral coverage is far from complete and broad data gaps exist above 20 GHz. Here we report the first flare (the X2.2 flare on 2022 April 20) observation of the newly-built Chashan Broadband Solar millimeter spectrometer (CBS) working from 35 to 40 GHz. We use the CBS data of the new Moon to calibrate,and the simultaneous NoRP data at 35 GHz to cross-calibrate. The impulsive stage has three local peaks with the middle one being the strongest and the maximum flux density reaches 9300 SFU at 35-40 GHz. The spectral index of the CBS data (alpha_C) for the major peak is mostly positive, indicating the gyrosynchrotron turnover frequency (nu_t) goes beyond 35-40 GHz. The frequency nu_t is smaller yet still larger than 20 GHz for most time of the other two peaks according to the spectral fittings with NoRP-CBS data. The CBS index manifests the general rapid-hardening-then-softening trend for each peak and gradual hardening during the decay stage, agreeing with the fitted optically-thin spectral index (alpha_tn) for nu_t < 35 GHz. In addition, the obtained turnover frequency during the whole impulsive stage correlates well with the corresponding intensity (I_t) according to a power-law dependence (It~nu_t^4.8) with a correlation coefficient of 0.82.This agrees with earlier studies on flares with low turnover frequency (<17 GHz), yet being reported for the first time for events with a high turnover frequency (>20 GHz).
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
SOA-MZI All-Optical RoF Signal Mixing
Creators: name: Kastritsis, Dimitrios
name: Zoiros, Kyriakos E.
name: Rampone, Thierry
name: Sharaiha, Ammar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fiber-optic transmission of high radiofrequency (RF) signals is being established as a key means for efficiently dealing with the ever-demanding bandwidth, services and cost requirements of modern broadband wireless networks and systems. Implementation of this technology critically relies on the capability of processing RF signals in the optical layer. A Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) which incorporates semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) is an attractive scheme for executing all-optically the important task of RF signal frequency transposition via mixing function. In this paper we present the progress and main outcomes obtained so far on the work carried-out to achieve this goal under collaborative project `Choraal'. In this context we characterize, evaluate, demonstrate and discuss the performance capabilities, limitations and perspectives of the SOA-MZI when it is architecturally configured to realize RF signal conversion into the microwave frequency band. Two different architectures, based on a SOA-MZI acting as an all-optical switch or as an all-optical modulator, are compared.
Valorization of typical agricultural productions and related biomasses as sources of bioactive compounds
Creators: name: Bottone, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: BIO/15 BIOLOGIA FARMACEUTICA
subject: Natural products
subject: Metabolomics

description: 2017 - 2018
description: Main target of this PhD project was to define the metabolome of the main by-products, and in certain cases of the edible parts, of selected agroalimentary productions, that are the flowers of Opuntia ficus indica Mill. (nopal cactus), the leaves of Ficus carica L. (common fig), the leaves, the husks, the shells and the kernels of Prunus dulcis Mill. (sweet almond) and Pistacia vera L. (pistachio). Attention was mainly focused on valorizing the waste material generated from manufacturing processes as potential sources of bioactives, pointing out their perspective employment in nutraceutics and cosmetics. Particularly, the selected plant parts were extracted by employing different solvents and extraction methods. The obtained extracts were submitted to LC-HRMS/MS experiments, in order to achieve a preliminary overview on their chemical composition. Polar extracts were fractionated by different chromatographic approaches, and the isolated compounds were characterized by 1D and 2D-NMR experiments, further supported by HRMS experiments. In addition, total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu assay, while radical scavenging activity was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assays. Moreover, the main constituents of certain extracts were quantified by LC-MS/MS experiments by a Multiple Reaction Monitoring approach. The obtained results highlighted sweet almonds and pistachios as rich sources of unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidant phenolics. On the other hand, the main by-products of the selected species exhibited a variegated metabolome, with several constituents belonging to different chemical classes, mainly phenolics, reported for their antioxidant and antinflammatory properties, suggesting their potential employment for the manufacturing of nutraceutical and cosmetic formulations. [edited by Author]
A unified derivation of Voronoi, power, and finite-element Lagrangian computational fluid dynamics
Creators: name: Duque, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most approaches in Lagrangian fluid dynamics simulations proceed from the definition of particle volumes, from which discrete versions of the spatial differential operators are derived. Recently, Gallouët and Mérigot [1] simultaneously tackled physical dynamics and geometrical optimization, with the result that the pressure field is linked to a geometric feature: the weights of a power diagram. Their resulting dynamics, surprisingly, does not feature a pressure gradient, but spring-like forces between each particle and the centroid of its cell. Inspired by this work, both geometrical and mechanical optimization are here included within a framework due to Arroyo and Ortiz [2]. In a systematic way, we first find a connection with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method. In what we will call the ``low-temperature limit'', we show that the requirement of zeroth order consistency leads to the Voronoi diagram, and a pressure field enforcing incompressibility leads to Gallouët and Mérigot's method. If the requirement of first order consistency is added, the particle finite element method (pFEM) is recovered. However, it features an additional spring-like term that has been missing from previous formulations of the method. Different methods are tested on two standard inviscid single-phase cases:the rotating Gresho vortex \added{and the Taylor-Green vortex sheet}, showing the superiority of pFEM, which is slightly increased by the additional force found here.
Crossing Boundaries
Creators: name: Li, Jiachuan
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: The fox-woman, a literary figure able to shape-shift from fox to woman and vice versa, originated in Chinese mythology, thereafter appearing often in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean folklore. The figure was first introduced to Europe in the nineteenth century, at a time when fascination with Asian literature and art was blooming. The character and the narrative structure of the East Asian fox-woman stories have been adapted and interpreted in various cultural contexts, establishing connections between Eastern and Western traditions, and between tradition and modernity. In the last 20 years, more novelists from other cultures have adapted the fox-woman story into their own writing than ever before. This paper argues that the fox-woman in twenty-first-century novels is used to portray the ambiguous boundaries between cultures, genders, and human-animal spheres against a background of globalization and technological development. The fox-woman is therefore becoming a cultural symbol of those who cross boundaries in postmodern society, individuals with heterogeneous identities who transform themselves in order to live in different environments. Until now, studies on the fox-woman have remained mainly within the limits of national literature. This paper adds new perspectives to these readings by exploring the fox-woman story within a broader context that goes beyond that typical national framework. Several examples from twenty-first-century novels featuring the fox-woman are taken up and explored using different methodological approaches, such as critical feminist, postcolonial, new materialist, ecocritical, and animal studies.
description: Asien, Nr. 158/159 (2021): ASIEN (Januar/April)
Conductivity Tensor in a Holographic Quantum Hall Ferromagnet
Creators: name: Hutchinson, J.
name: Kristjansen, C.
name: Semenoff, G. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hall and longitudinal conductivities of a recently studied holographic model of a quantum Hall ferromagnet are computed using the Karch-O'Bannon technique. In addition, the low temperature entropy of the model is determined. The holographic model has a phase transition as the Landau level filling fraction is increased from zero to one. We argue that this phase transition allows the longitudinal conductivity to have features qualitatively similar to those of two dimensional electron gases in the integer quantum Hall regime. The argument also applies to the low temperature limit of the entropy. The Hall conductivity is found to have an interesting structure. Even though it does not exhibit Hall plateaux, it has a flattened dependence on the filling fraction with a jump, analogous to the interpolation between Hall plateaux, at the phase transition.
description: 7 pages, double column format, 4 figures
Chandra and XMM Monitoring of the Black Hole X-ray Binary IC 10 X-1
Creators: name: Laycock, Silas G. T.
name: Cappallo, Rigel C.
name: Moro, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The massive black hole + Wolf-Rayet binary IC10 X-1 was observed in a series of 10 Chandra and 2 XMM-Newton observations spanning 2003-2012, showing consistent variability around 7 x10^37 erg/s, with a spectral hardening event in 2009. We phase-connected the entire light-curve by folding the photon arrival times on a series of trial periods spanning the known orbital period and its uncertainty, refining the X-ray period to P = 1.45175(1)d. The duration of minimum-flux in the X-ray eclipse is 5 hr which together with the optical radial velocity curve for the companion yields a radius for the eclipsing body of 8-10 Rsun for the allowed range of masses. The orbital separation of 18.5-22 Rsun then provides a limiting inclination i>63 degrees for total eclipses to occur. The eclipses are asymmetric (egress duration 0.9 hr) and show energy dependence, suggestive of an accretion-disk hotspot and corona. The eclipse is much (5X) wider than the 1.5-2 Rsun WR star, pointing to absorption/scattering in the dense wind of the WR star. The same is true of the close analog NGC 300 X-1. RV measurements of the He II [4686] line from the literature show a phase-shift with respect to the X-ray ephemeris such that the velocity does not pass through zero at mid-eclipse. The X-ray eclipse leads inferior conjunction of the RV curve by 90 degrees, so either the BH is being eclipsed by a trailing shock/plume, or the He II line does not directly trace the motion of the WR star and instead originates in a shadowed partially-ionized region of the stellar wind.
description: Submitted to MNRAS. 13 Pages with 10 Figures
Opportunities and Disadvantages
Creators: name: Jung, Marianne
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: North Korean defectors struggle with economic and social integration into South Korean society. Facing structural disadvantages in the job market, they are mainly employed in low-wage and undignified jobs that are undesired by South Koreans. A growing proportion of defectors look to self-employment as an alternative. Literature in the research field has shown that those defectors who are self-employed earn notably higher incomes than those defectors who stay in dependent employment, which positively affects their upward economic mobility. Institutional theory has brought to light that opportunity existence and the quality of formal and informal institutions stimulate the formation of enterprises. However, prior research has reported an insufficient start-up system for defector entrepreneurs. This article therefore asks what opportunities and disadvantages North Korean defector entrepreneurs encounter as a result of the formal and informal institutions in South Korea. Using a quantitative and qualitative research design, this article indicates the perceived supportiveness of institutional support for defector entrepreneurs. Results show that while bureaucratic hurdles to establishing a business are kept low, general start-up support is mainly targeted at highly innovative start-ups. As most defectors’ businesses are concentrated in low-productive sectors such as service or restaurant businesses, defectors are not eligible for entrepreneurship support. Concerning the Korea Hana Foundation’s support for defectors’ start-ups, qualitative and quantitative interview results indicate that strict requirements and short application periods limit their perceived usefulness.
description: Asien, Nr. 158/159 (2021): ASIEN (Januar/April)
The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Fragility Factor within the International System
Creators: name: Palamara, Graziano
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2020
Subjects: International relations
Covid-19
China

description: This paper addresses the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the international order. The analysis focuses mainly on the role of China, the country where the epidemic origi-nated and the main protagonist of the global transformations of recent decades. Among the possible future scenarios, our reflection contextualizes the role of the Asian giant in the framework of an international order already affected by major processes of political and economic rebalancing.
Of Dying Machines and Grievable Digital Lives — Framing War and Life in NieR:Automata
Creators: name: Gmeinbauer, Christina
name: Polak-Rottmann, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: War and death are common topics in popular culture. In war-themed digital games, reflections on armed conflict and its atrocities vary greatly, ranging from games that trivialize the consequences of killing and loss to ones that offer critical perspectives on the player’s actions instead. In this paper we analyze the 2017 war-themed game NieR:Automata (Platinum Games) which revolves around an endless war between androids and other machines in a distant future. We focus on how the game reflects on war and death, showing that it discusses these topics in complex ways. At the beginning of the game, NieR:Automata illustrates how during war enemies are framed as “non-lives” that need to be exterminated. Gradually, however, the game questions these framings and depicts machines as lives that are vulnerable and that may be grieved for. While NieR:Automata at first applies genre-typical frames of death and makes the reversibility of the latter explicit in ludic and narrative elements of the game, it later introduces permanent loss of protagonists, antagonists, and — in the end — also the save files. The game therefore discusses the vulnerable and hence grievable lives of machines, offering rich perspectives on life in war.
description: Asien, Nr. 158/159 (2021): ASIEN (Januar/April)
The choice of scaling technique matters for classification performance
Creators: name: de Amorim, Lucas B. V.
name: Cavalcanti, George D. C.
name: Cruz, Rafael M. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dataset scaling, also known as normalization, is an essential preprocessing step in a machine learning pipeline. It is aimed at adjusting attributes scales in a way that they all vary within the same range. This transformation is known to improve the performance of classification models, but there are several scaling techniques to choose from, and this choice is not generally done carefully. In this paper, we execute a broad experiment comparing the impact of 5 scaling techniques on the performances of 20 classification algorithms among monolithic and ensemble models, applying them to 82 publicly available datasets with varying imbalance ratios. Results show that the choice of scaling technique matters for classification performance, and the performance difference between the best and the worst scaling technique is relevant and statistically significant in most cases. They also indicate that choosing an inadequate technique can be more detrimental to classification performance than not scaling the data at all. We also show how the performance variation of an ensemble model, considering different scaling techniques, tends to be dictated by that of its base model. Finally, we discuss the relationship between a model's sensitivity to the choice of scaling technique and its performance and provide insights into its applicability on different model deployment scenarios. Full results and source code for the experiments in this paper are available in a GitHub repository.\footnote{https://github.com/amorimlb/scaling\_matters}
Universal non-equilibrium properties of dissipative Rydberg gases
Creators: name: Marcuzzi, M.
name: Levi, E.
name: Diehl, S.
name: Garrahan, J. P.
name: Lesanovsky, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the out-of-equilibrium behavior of a dissipative gas of Rydberg atoms that features a dynamical transition between two stationary states characterized by different excitation densities. We determine the structure and properties of the phase diagram and identify the universality class of the transition, both for the statics and the dynamics. We show that the proper dynamical order parameter is in fact not the excitation density and find evidence that the dynamical transition is in the "model A" universality class, i.e. it features a non-trivial $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry and a dynamics with non-conserved order parameter. This sheds light on some relevant and observable aspects of dynamical transitions in Rydberg gases. In particular, it permits a quantitative understanding of a recent experiment [C. Carr et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 113901 (2013)] which observed bistable behaviour as well as power-law scaling of the relaxation time. The latter emerges not due to critical slowing down in the vicinity of a second order transition, but from the non-equilibrium dynamics near a so-called spinodal line.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures New version: 1 added reference 3 typos corrected
A Philosophy of Teaching
Creators: name: Milton, Michael A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 130303 Education Assessment and Evaluation
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Michael A. Milton's Philosophy of Teaching (2022) seeks to model a cogent and cohesive philosophy of multimodal teaching and learning. The design seeks to state the method, means, and goals of the author as curator of higher education along with disclosure of worldview commitments. The model provides an intentionally brief but succinct reference to biblical passages, the Socratic method, and influential works.
Scripts, Art, 3D Models, Raw Assets
Creators: name: Lousky, Laurent
name: Dyantakar, Saeed
name: Shavonne Yu
name: Shmock, Asia
name: Suparman, Jeanie
name: Lee, Andrew
name: Anderson, Travis
name: Loch Brown
name: Weijun Chu
name: Chen, Janet
name: Oh, Ryan Dahoon
name: Schuster, Luke
name: Ngan, Jason
name: Kao, Peter
name: Gowtham Mohan
name: Qi, Karen
name: Green, Arthur G.
name: Fum, Darren
name: Sepand Dyanatkar
name: Kikuchi, Theresa
name: Turner, Derek
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2018
Subjects: environmentalhistory
geography
oer
openeducation
politicalecology
virtualreality

description: In addition to scripts, many of the materials we used to develop assets and experiment outputs we developed can be found here. They are openly licensed. All of the assets used in the VR experience are in the Code section of this project.
Influence of different subgrid-scale models in low-order LES of supersonic jet flows
Creators: name: Junqueira-Junior, Carlos
name: Yamouni, Sami
name: Azevedo, João Luiz F.
name: Wolf, William R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work is concerned with a study of large eddy simulations (LES) of unsteady turbulent jet flows. In particular, the present analysis is focused on the effects of the subgrid-scale modeling used when a second-order spatial discretization methodology is employed for the numerical simulations. The present effort addresses perfectly expanded supersonic jets, because the authors want to emphasize the effects of the jet mixing phenomena. The LES formulation is discretized using the finite difference approach, after the equations are rewritten in a generalized coordinate system. Both space and time discretizations are second-order accurate and an explicit time march is adopted. Special care is dedicated to the discretization of the energy equation to appropriately model the set of filtered equations appearing in the LES formulation. The classical Smagorinsky, the dynamic Smagorinsky and the Vreman models are the subgrid-scale closures selected for the present work. The computational results are compared to data in the literature to validate the present simulation tool. Results indicate that the characteristics of numerical discretization can be as important as the effects of the subgrid-scale models for such low-order spatial discretization schemes. A detailed analysis is presented for the performance of each subgrid closure in the numerical context here considered.
description: 44 pages article
Osmotic buckling of spherical capsules
Creators: name: Knoche, Sebastian
name: Kierfeld, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the buckling of elastic spherical shells under osmotic pressure with the osmolyte concentration of the exterior solution as control parameter. We compare our results for the bifurcation behavior with results for buckling under mechanical pressure control, that is, with an empty capsule interior. We find striking differences for the buckling states between osmotic and mechanical buckling. Mechanical pressure control always leads to fully collapsed states with opposite sides in contact, whereas uncollapsed states with a single finite dimple are generic for osmotic pressure control. For sufficiently large interior osmolyte concentrations, osmotic pressure control is qualititatively similar to buckling under volume control with the volume prescribed by the osmolyte concentrations inside and outside the shell. We present a quantitative theory which also captures the influence of shell elasticity on the relation between osmotic pressure and volume. These findings are relevant for the control of buckled shapes in applications. We show how the osmolyte concentration can be used to control the volume of buckled shells. An accurate analytic formula is derived for the relation between the osmotic pressure, the elastic moduli and the volume of buckled capsules. This also allows to use elastic capsules as osmotic pressure sensors or to deduce elastic properties and the internal osmolyte concentration from shape changes in response to osmotic pressure changes. We apply our findings to published experimental data on polyelectrolyte capsules.
Sponsored-influencer marketing: Effects of the commercial orientation of influencer-created content on followers’ willingness to search for information
Creators: name: Gamage, Thilini
name: Ashill, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 350699
subject: Marketing not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 359999
subject: Other commerce, management, tourism and services not elsewhere classified

description: No description supplied
Burden and Well-Being Among a Diverse Sample of Cancer, Congestive Heart Failure, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Caregivers
Creators: name: Tulsky, James A.
name: Olsen, Maren K.
name: Steinhauser, Karen E.
name: Burton, Allison M.
name: Hays, Judith C.
name: Sautter, Jessica M.
name: Lindquist, Jennifer Hoff
name: Zimmerman, Sheryl I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Three important causes of death in the U.S. (cancer, congestive heart failure [CHF], and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]) are preceded by long periods of declining health; often, family members provide the majority of care for individuals who are living with serious illnesses and are at risk for impaired well-being.
Supplementary information from Counterfactual thinking elicits emotional change in young children
Creators: name: Gautam, Shalini
name: Suddendorf, Thomas
name: Redshaw, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Adults often reason about what might have happened had they chosen an alternative course of action in the past, which can elicit the counterfactual emotion of regret. It is unclear whether young children's emotions are similarly impacted by counterfactual thinking about past possibilities. In this study, 4- to 9-year-old children (N = 160) opened one of two boxes, which concealed small and large prizes, respectively. Some children had the means to open either box, whereas other children only had the means to open one box. After seeing that the prize they did not obtain was larger than the one they did obtain, children were significantly more likely to report a negative change in emotion when the non-obtained prize had been a straightforward counterfactual possibility than when it had not. This shows that even young children experience counterfactual emotions following choices, which may ultimately drive them to make better choices in the future.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Thinking about possibilities: mechanisms, ontogeny, functions and phylogeny’.
Detecting the Emergence of Chronic Pain in Sickle Cell Disease
Creators: name: Kisaalita, Nkaku R.
name: Hollins, Mark
name: Stonerock, Gregory L.
name: Gil, Karen M.
name: Jones, Susan
name: Orringer, Eugene
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited hematological disease marked by intense pain. Early in life the pain is episodic, but it becomes increasingly chronic in many cases. Little is known about this emergence of a chronic pain state.
Gender and side effects of group cognitive behavior psychotherapy
Creators: name: Linden, Michael
name: Muschalla, Beate
name: Walter, Mara
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Gesundheit
subject: Geschlechterdifferenz
subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: Psychotherapie

description: Males and females are different in their interactional behavior, their way of suffering, and their way of expressing themselves. It is therefore supposed that they react differently in group settings. This includes the degree to which they experience burdens and side effects of group psychotherapy. The objective of the study was to explore side effects of group psychotherapy in relation to gender. Seventy one patients in cognitive behavioral group psychotherapy were assessed with the UE G scale (unwanted events in groups). Burdens or side effects were reported by 98.6% of patients, severe and extremely severe burdens by 43.7% of patients. The highest average scores were found for “I was afraid not to know how to proceed in the future (1,34)”, “I realized how complicated everything is (1,32)”, “I have experienced the ongoing group therapy as burdensome (1,29)”, and “I have learned that group therapy is not my thing (1,01)”. Males score higher in their global judgement that group therapy was burdensome. There were no further signifi cant differences in any of the specifi c items. The data suggest that side effects are a regular companion of group psychotherapy. A major negative effect of group psychotherapy is demoralization because of the observation of other patients, their problems and problem explanations. This is the same for both sexes. Research is needed on how to minimize burdens for patients.
Factors Associated With the Provision of Hospice Care for Children
Creators: name: Jacobson Vann, Julie
name: Mark, Barbara A.
name: Song, Mi-Kyung
name: Domino, Marisa
name: Lindley, Lisa C.
name: Daniel Lee, Shoou-Yih
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Children at end of life often lack access to hospice care at home or in a dedicated facility. The factors that may influence whether or not hospices provide pediatric care are relatively unknown.
Optical characterization of RTV615 silicone rubber compound
Creators: name: Li, W.
name: Huber, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Room Temperature Vulcanized (RTV) silicone compounds are commonly used to bond optical components. For our application, we needed to identify an adhesive with good ultraviolet transmission characteristics, to couple photomultipliers to quartz windows in a Heavy Gas Cerenkov detector that is being constructed for Experimental Hall C of Jefferson Lab to provide pi/K separation up to 11 GeV/c. To this end, we present the light transmission results for Momentive RTV615 silicone rubber compound for wavelengths between 195-400 nm, obtained with an adapted reflectivity apparatus at Jefferson Lab. All samples cured at room temperature have transmissions ~93% for wavelengths between 360-400 nm and fall sharply below 230 nm. Wavelength dependent absorption coefficients were extracted with four samples of different thicknesses cured at normal temperature (25oC for 7 days). The absorption coefficient drops approximately two orders in magnitude from 220-400 nm, exhibiting distinct regions of flattening near 250 nm and 330 nm. We also investigated the effect of a high temperature curing method (100oC for 1 hour) and found 5-10% better transmission than with the normal method. The effect was more significant with larger sample thickness (3.35 mm) over the wavelength range of 220-280 nm.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement Ameliorates the Impact of Pain on Self-Reported Psychological and Physical Function Among Opioid-Using Chronic Pain Patients
Creators: name: Garland, Eric L.
name: Howard, Matthew O.
name: Thomas, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Chronic pain impacts one-third of the U.S. population, and its effects are debilitating for individuals and costly to the medical system. Although opioids are commonly prescribed to address chronic pain, they confer risk for misuse and addiction, and may not fully restore life function – particularly with regard to psychosocial factors. Because of the multiplicity of impacts that chronic pain may have on daily functioning, broad-spectrum behavioral interventions are needed.
Properties of the Young Milky Way Globular Cluster Whiting 1 from Near-Infrared Photometry
Creators: name: Valcheva, A. T.
name: Ovcharov, E. P.
name: Lalova, A. D.
name: Nedialkov, P. L.
name: Ivanov, V. D.
name: Carraro, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whiting 1 is a member of the fast-growing group of young globular clusters in the Milky Way halo. Preliminary estimates of its fundamental parameters have been provided using optical photometry and low resolution spectroscopy. In an attempt to strengthen our knowledge of Whiting 1, in this study we employ a complementary approach. Isochrone fitting method was applied on the Near-Infrared Color-Magnitude Diagram and yields an age t=5.7$\pm$0.3 Gyr, metallicity $z$=0.006$\pm$0.001 ([Fe/H]=$-$0.5$\pm$0.1) and distance modulus $(m-M)_0$=17.48$\pm$0.10. Our results confirm that Whiting 1 is a young and moderately metal-rich globular cluster. It is one of the youngest from the Sgr dSph. We fitted an Elson, Fall and Freeman (EFF) profile to the near-infrared number counts, and measured cluster core radius $r_c$=9.1${\prime\prime}$$\pm$3.9${\prime\prime}$. Two probable eclipsing variables in the cluster were found from multi-epoch $V$ band photometry. Finally, an unknown galaxy cluster was identified on our $K$ vs. $(J-K)$ color-magnitude diagram. It has a redshift z$\sim$1, and it is located at about 1${\prime}$ from the center of Whiting 1 at $α_{J2000}=02^{h} 02^{m} 56.6^{s}$, $δ_{J2000}=-03^{\circ} 16{\prime} 09{\prime\prime}$, contaminating the cluster photometry.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 6 pages, 8 figures