cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards a Unified and Coherent Land Surface Temperature Earth System Data Record from Geostationary Satellites
Creators: name: Pinker, Rachel T.
name: Ma, Yingtao
name: Chen, Wen
name: Hulley, Glynn
name: Borbas, Eva
name: Islam, Tanvir
name: Hain, Chris
name: Cawse-Nicholson, Kerry
name: Hook, Simon
name: Basara, Jeff
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: Land Surface Temperature (LST)
satellite retrievals of LST
LST from GEOS satellites

description: Our objective is to develop a framework for deriving long term, consistent Land Surface Temperatures (LSTs) from Geostationary (GEO) satellites that is able to account for satellite sensor updates. Specifically, we use the Radiative Transfer for TOVS (RTTOV) model driven with Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA-2) information and Combined ASTER and MODIS Emissivity over Land (CAMEL) products. We discuss the results from our comparison of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite East (GOES-E) with the MODIS Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity (MOD11) products, as well as several independent sources of ground observations, for daytime and nighttime independently. Based on a six-year record at instantaneous time scale (2004–2009), most LST estimates are within one std from the mean observed value and the bias is under 1% of the mean. It was also shown that at several ground sites, the diurnal cycle of LST, as averaged over six years, is consistent with a similar record generated from satellite observations. Since the evaluation of the GOES-E LST estimates occurred at every hour, day and night, the data are well suited to address outstanding issues related to the temporal variability of LST, specifically, the diurnal cycle and the amplitude of the diurnal cycle, which are not well represented in LST retrievals form Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites.
Effect of a Cationic Surfactant on Microemulsion Globules and Drug Release from Hydrogel Contact Lenses
Creators: name: Torres-Luna, Cesar
name: Hu, Naiping
name: Koolivand, Abdollah
name: Fan, Xin
name: Zhu, Yuli
name: Domszy, Roman
name: Yang, Jeff
name: Yang, Arthur
name: Wang, Nam Sun
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: drug delivery
microemulsion
contact lenses
cationic surfactant
controlled release

description: The present study evaluates the in vitro release of diclofenac sodium (DFNa) from contact lenses based on poly-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (pHEMA) hydrogels containing an embedded microemulsion to extend release duration. The oil (ethyl butyrate)-in-water microemulsion systems are prepared with two non-ionic surfactants, Brij 97 or Tween 80, together with a long-alkyl chain cationic surfactant, cetalkonium chloride (CKC). Without CKC, Brij 97 or Tween 80-based microemulsions showed average droplet sizes of 12 nm and 18 nm, respectively. The addition of CKC decreased the average droplet sizes to 2–5 nm for both non-ionic surfactants. Such significant reduction in the average droplet size corresponds to an increase in the DFNa release duration as revealed by the in vitro experiments. Contact lens characterization showed that important properties such as optical transparency and water content of Brij 97-based contact lenses with cationic microemulsions was excellent. However, the optical transparency of the corresponding Tween 80 based contact lenses was unsatisfactory. The results indicate that cationic microemulsion-laden contact lenses can benefit from combinatory effects of microemulsions and cationic surfactant at low CKC weight percentage, e.g., with the release of 70% of the drug in 45, 10, and 7 h for B97-CKC-0.45%, CKC-0.45%, and control lenses, respectively. However, the microemulsion effect on extending DFNa release became negligible at the highest CKC weight percentage (1.8%).
EMPHASIS-PREP Deliverable D4.5: Data policy rules
Creators: name: Tardieu, Francois
name: Neveu, Pascal
name: Pommier, Cyril
name: Usadel, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: plant phenotyping, data management, research infrastructure, data policy

description: Executive Summary This document presents the plan for managing the datasets generated and processed during and after experiments carried out in the EMPHASIS infrastructure. The main objective is that datasets are findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR standard), in such a way that the datasets can be analysed by several groups inside and outside of the EMPHASIS consortium. The data management plan presents the different data categories, data sources and how data are collected, structured, stored and made accessible for the purpose of analysis and reuse. It presents unambiguous identification of all objects involved in experiments, the rules for variable naming and data storage, together with standards for data identification, file formats, and workflows. The document also presents the ownership of the different categories of data collected in experiments, with the rationale of optimizing analyses by involved groups (users and providers), and by other groups of the scientific community.
Family Constraining of Iterative Algorithms
Creators: name: Censor, Yair
name: Pantelimon, Ioana
name: Popa, Constantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In constraining iterative processes, the algorithmic operator of the iterative process is pre-multiplied by a constraining operator at each iterative step. This enables the constrained algorithm, besides solving the original problem, also to find a solution that incorporates some prior knowledge about the solution. This approach has been useful in image restoration and other image processing situations when a single constraining operator was used. In the field of image reconstruction from projections a priori information about the original image, such as smoothness or that it belongs to a certain closed convex set, may be used to improve the reconstruction quality. We study here constraining of iterative processes by a family of operators rather than by a single operator.
description: Revised: July 5, 2013, Numerical Algorithms, accepted for publication
EMPHASIS-PREP Deliverable D5.4: Governance framework including roles and responsibilities for the implementation phase
Creators: name: Traini, Richard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: plant phenotyping, research infrastructure, governance framework

description: Executive Summary The Implementation Phase (IP) is a critical part of moving EMPHASIS towards operation. Like other ESFRI projects, the Implementation Phase refers to the stage in the lifecycle which goes beyond preparation and looks to the setup of the infrastructure and services. The definition given by ESFRI in the 2018 Roadmap is as follows: “Implementation- site construction and deployment of organisation and legal entity, recruitment, IPR and innovation policies, operation and upgrade plan, secure funding for operation."
 This deliverable aims to increase understanding of how the IP will be established and operate and includes information on: Case studies of other distributed ESFRI projects Description of proposed EMPHASIS IP Governance-roles and responsibilities Mechanism for formal governance during IP- Letter of Intent Draft Rules for participation of the decision-making body In developing the draft EMPHASIS IP, requirements of an IP have been closely considered to ensure EMPHASIS meeting the requirements of its stakeholders including ESFRI. Based on this rationale, it makes sense for EMPHASIS to establish its Implementation Phase as two actions as addressed as below: EMPHASIS Pilot: Develop and test specific services/access specific for the infrastructure EMPHASIS via an internal agreement between EMPHASIS-PREP members, integration of partners outside EMPHASIS-PREP and considers work being done by EPPN2020. Formal Implementation Phase governance: develop a formal governance framework for the Implementation Phase to ensure continuation of EMPHASIS after the Preparatory Phase project, work to be done, further services to be tested, steps towards operation. Discussions to set up the Implementation Phase will need to take place with the funders/ministries of EMPHASIS with the aim to establish well before the project EMPHASIS-PREP ends to ensure a smooth transition. This may be in the form of a Letter of Intent, association, limited company, collaboration agreement etc. For EMPHASIS, a Letter of Intent is likely to suffice, a draft of the letter can be seen at Annex 1 along with a formal terms of reference.
Light curve and spectral evolution of the Type IIb SN 2011fu
Creators: name: Kumar, Brajesh
name: Pandey, S. B.
name: Sahu, D. K.
name: Vinko, J.
name: Moskvitin, A. S.
name: Anupama, G. C.
name: Bhatt, V. K.
name: Ordasi, A.
name: Nagy, A.
name: Sokolov, V. V.
name: Sokolova, T. N.
name: Komarova, V. N.
name: Kumar, Brijesh
name: Bose, Subhash
name: Roy, Rupak
name: Sagar, Ram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the low-resolution spectroscopic and UBVRI broad-band photometric investigations of the Type IIb supernova 2011fu, discovered in UGC 01626. The photometric follow-up of this event has been initiated a few days after the explosion and covers a period of about 175 days. The early-phase light curve shows a rise followed by steep decay in all bands and shares properties very similar to that seen in case of SN 1993J, with a possible detection of the adiabatic cooling phase. Modelling of the quasi-bolometric light curve suggests that the progenitor had an extended ($\sim 1 \times 10^{13}$ cm), low-mass ($\sim 0.1$ $M_\odot$) H-rich envelope on top of a dense, compact ($\sim 2 \times 10^{11}$ cm), more massive ($\sim$ 1.1 $M_\odot$) He-rich core. The nickel mass synthesized during the explosion was found to be $\sim$ 0.21 $M_\odot$, slightly larger than seen in case of other Type IIb SNe. The spectral modelling performed with SYNOW suggests that the early-phase line velocities for H and Fe\,{\sc ii} features were $\sim 16000$ km s$^{-1}$ and $\sim 14000$ km s$^{-1}$, respectively. Then the velocities declined up to day +40 and became nearly constant at later epochs.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables, accepted to MNRAS
Contributions of Net Charge on the PlyC Endolysin CHAP Domain
Creators: name: Shang, Xiaoran
name: Nelson, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: endolysin
PlyC CHAP
protein net charge
CBD-independent
FoldX

description: Bacteriophage endolysins, enzymes that degrade the bacterial peptidoglycan (PG), have gained an increasing interest as alternative antimicrobial agents, due to their ability to kill antibiotic resistant pathogens efficiently when applied externally as purified proteins. Typical endolysins derived from bacteriophage that infect Gram-positive hosts consist of an N-terminal enzymatically-active domain (EAD) that cleaves covalent bonds in the PG, and a C-terminal cell-binding domain (CBD) that recognizes specific ligands on the surface of the PG. Although CBDs are usually essential for the EADs to access the PG substrate, some EADs possess activity in the absence of CBDs, and a few even display better activity profiles or an extended host spectrum than the full-length endolysin. A current hypothesis suggests a net positive charge on the EAD enables it to reach the negatively charged bacterial surface via ionic interactions in the absence of a CBD. Here, we used the PlyC CHAP domain as a model EAD to further test the hypothesis. We mutated negatively charged surface amino acids of the CHAP domain that are not involved in structured regions to neutral or positively charged amino acids in order to increase the net charge from -3 to a range from +1 to +7. The seven mutant candidates were successfully expressed and purified as soluble proteins. Contrary to the current hypothesis, none of the mutants were more active than wild-type CHAP. Analysis of electrostatic surface potential implies that the surface charge distribution may affect the activity of a positively charged EAD. Thus, we suggest that while charge should continue to be considered for future engineering efforts, it should not be the sole focus of such engineering efforts.
Antimicrobial Effect and Probiotic Potential of Phage Resistant Lactobacillus plantarum and its Interactions with Zoonotic Bacterial Pathogens
Creators: name: Nagarajan, Vinod
name: Peng, Mengfei
name: Tabashsum, Zajeba
name: Salaheen, Serajus
name: Padilla, Joselyn
name: Biswas, Debabrata
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: probiotic
Lactobacillus plantarum
bacteriophage
zoonotic bacterial pathogen

description: Development of phage-resistant probiotic particularly Lactobacillus is an alternative approach to enhance their beneficial effects as in animal feed supplements. In this study, we developed phage-resistant Lactobacillus plantarum (LP+PR) mutant and compared their antimicrobial effects and probiotic potential against zoonotic bacterial pathogens including Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes with phage-sensitive L. plantarum (LP) strain. LP+PR strain showed markedly higher growth rate than wild-type LP strain. In co-culture with LP+PR and in the presence of cell-free cultural supernatants (CFCSs) of LP+PR, the growth of S. Typhimurium, EHEC, S. aureus, and L. monocytogenes were reduced significantly (P < 0.05). The adhesion ability of LP+PR was slightly higher than the LP on human epithelial INT-407 cells. Most importantly, LP+PR strain significantly inhibited the adhesive and invasive abilities of all four zoonotic pathogens to INT-407 cells (P < 0.05). Moreover, real-time qPCR revealed that in the presence of LP+PR strain or its CFCSs, expression of virulence genes of these zoonotic bacterial pathogens were suppressed significantly (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the LP+PR strain is capable of inhibiting major zoonotic bacterial pathogens efficiently and would be a potential candidate for industrial usage in animal production or fermentation.
Validation and Improvement of the WRF Building Environment Parametrization (BEP) Urban Scheme
Creators: name: Gohil, Kanishk
name: Jin, Menglin S.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: WRF
BEP
urbanheat island effect
urban dynamic system

description: The building environment parameterization scheme (BEP) is a built-in “urban physics” scheme in the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model. The urbanized College Park (CP) in Maryland state (MD) in the United States (US) covers an approximate land area of 14.8 km2 and has a population of 32,000 (reported by The United States Census Bureau, as of 2017). This study was an effort to validate and improve the BEP urban physics scheme for a small urban setting, College Park, MD. Comparing the WRF/BEP-simulated two-meter air temperatures with the local rooftop WeatherBug® observations and with the airport observations, systemic deficiencies in BEP for urban heat island effect simulation are evident. Specifically, WRF/BEP overestimates the two-meter air temperature by about 10 °F during clear summer nights and slightly underestimates it during noon of the same days by about 1–3 °F. Similar deficiencies in skin temperature simulations are also evident in WRF/BEP. Modification by adding an anthropogenic heat flux term resulted in better estimates for both skin and two-meter air temperatures on diurnal and seasonal scales.
Synthesis of Topological Quantum Circuits
Creators: name: Paler, Alexandru
name: Devitt, Simon J.
name: Nemoto, Kae
name: Polian, Ilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological quantum computing has recently proven itself to be a very powerful model when considering large- scale, fully error corrected quantum architectures. In addition to its robust nature under hardware errors, it is a software driven method of error corrected computation, with the hardware responsible for only creating a generic quantum resource (the topological lattice). Computation in this scheme is achieved by the geometric manipulation of holes (defects) within the lattice. Interactions between logical qubits (quantum gate operations) are implemented by using particular arrangements of the defects, such as braids and junctions. We demonstrate that junction-based topological quantum gates allow highly regular and structured implementation of large CNOT (controlled-not) gate networks, which ultimately form the basis of the error corrected primitives that must be used for an error corrected algorithm. We present a number of heuristics to optimise the area of the resulting structures and therefore the number of the required hardware resources.
description: 7 Pages, 10 Figures, 1 Table
Embedded surfaces of arbitrary genus minimizing the Willmore energy under isoperimetric constraint
Creators: name: Keller, Laura Gioia Andrea
name: Mondino, Andrea
name: Rivière, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isoperimetric ratio of an embedded surface in $R^3$ is defined as the ratio of the area of the surface to power three to the squared enclosed volume. The aim of the present work is to study the minimization of the Willmore energy under fixed isoperimetric ratio when the underlying abstract surface has fixed genus $g\geq 0$. The corresponding problem in the case of spherical surfaces, i.e. $g=0$, was recently solved by Schygulla with different methods.
description: 38 pages
Nonlinear-optical up and down frequency-converting backward-wave metasensors and metamirrors
Creators: name: Popov, Alexander K.
name: Nefedov, Igor S.
name: Myslivets, Sergey A.
name: Shalaev, Mikhail I.
name: Slabko, Vitaly V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A concept of a family of unique backward-wave photonic devices, such as frequency up and down converting nonlinear-optical mirrors, sensors, modulators, filters and amplifiers is proposed. Novel materials are considered, which support coexistence of ordinary and backward waves and thus enable enhanced nonlinear-optical frequency-conversion processes. Particular properties of short-pulse regime are investigated.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Probing Vector Mesons in Deuteron Break-up Reactions
Creators: name: Freese, Adam J.
name: Sargsian, Misak M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study vector meson photoproduction from the deuteron at high momentum transfer, accompanied by break-up of the deuteron into a proton and neutron. The large $-t$ involved allows one of the nucleons to be identified as struck, and the other as a spectator to the $γN\rightarrow VN$ subprocess. Corrections to the plane wave impulse approximation involve final state interactions (FSIs) between the struck nucleon or the vector meson, either of which is energetic, with the slow spectator nucleon. In this regime, the eikonal approximation is valid, so is employed to calculate the cross-section for the reaction. Due to the high-energy nature of the FSIs, the maxima of the rescatterings are located at nearly transverse directions of the fast hadrons. This results in two peaks in the angular distribution of the spectator nucleon, each corresponding to either the $V$-$N$ or the $p$-$n$ rescattering. The $V$-$N$ peak provides a new means of probing the $V$-$N$ interaction. This is checked for near-threshold $ϕ$ and $J/Ψ$ photoproduction reactions which demonstrate that the $V$-$N$ peak can be used to extract the largely unknown amplitudes of $ϕ$-$N$ and $J/Ψ$-$N$ interactions. Two additional phenomena are observed when extending the calculation of $J/Ψ$ photoproduction to the sub-threshold and high-energy domains. In the first case we observe overall suppression of FSI effects due to a restricted phase space for sub-threshold production in the rescattering amplitude. In the second, we observe cancellation of the $V$-$N$ rescattering amplitudes for vector mesons produced off of different nucleons in the deuteron.
description: 27 pages, 13 figures
EMPHASIS-PREP Deliverable D5.5: Report on operations for selection of host country for EMPHASIS
Creators: name: Traini, Richard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: plant phenotyping, research infrastriucture, host country

description: Executive Summary As part of its progress towards an ERIC (as confirmed by the EMPHASIS Interim General Assembly (IGA) at the 4th IGA meeting, March-2021) and in order to fulfil its aims and objectives as a fully realised pan-European research infrastructure (RI), EMPHASIS will require the selection of a host country / statutory seat.
 This report proposes a process for the selection (including assessment) of the host country for EMPHASIS central hub and potential services. The proposed selection process detailed in this report is not final and will require ratification by the EMPHASIS IGA (or its successor) once agreement on the EMPHASIS Operational Phase strategic direction has been agreed.
Identifying Research Fields within Business and Management: A Journal Cross-Citation Analysis
Creators: name: Mingers, John
name: Leydesdorff, Loet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A discipline such as business and management (B&M) is very broad and has many fields within it, ranging from fairly scientific ones such as management science or economics to softer ones such as information systems. There are at least two reasons why it is important to identify these sub-fields accurately. Firstly, for the purpose of normalizing citation data as it is well known that citation rates vary significantly between different disciplines. Secondly, because journal rankings and lists tend to split their classifications into different subjects, for example the the Association of Business Schools (ABS) list, which is a standard in the UK, has 22 different fields. Unfortunately, at the moment these are created in an ad hoc manner with no underlying rigour. The purpose of this paper is to identify possible sub-fields in B&M rigorously based on actual citation patterns. We have examined 450 journals in B&M which are included in the ISI Web of Science (WoS) and analysed the cross-citation rates between them enabling us to generate sets of coherent and consistent sub-fields that minimise the extent to which journals appear in several categories. Implications and limitations of the analysis are discussed
Algorithm to Determine the Knee Point on Capacity Fade Curves of Lithium-Ion Cells
Creators: name: Diao, Weiping
name: Saxena, Saurabh
name: Han, Bongtae
name: Pecht, Michael
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: lithium-ion batteries
capacity fade
algorithm
knee point identification
slope-changing ratio

description: Lithium-ion batteries typically exhibit a transition to a more rapid capacity fade trend when subjected to extended charge–discharge cycles and storage conditions. The identification of the knee point can be valuable to identify the more severe degradation trend, and to provide guidance when scheduling battery replacements and planning secondary uses of the battery. However, a concise and repeatable determination of a knee point has not been documented. This paper provides a definition of the knee point which can be used as a degradation metric, and develops an algorithm to identify it. The algorithm is implemented on various data cases, and the results indicate that the approach provides repeatable knee point identification.
Electric field and photo-excited control of the carrier concentration in GdN
Creators: name: Warring, Harry
name: Ruck, B. J.
name: Trodahl, H. J.
name: Natali, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present both electric-field and photo-excited control of the carrier concentration in GdN. There is no evidence in the results of a carrier-mediated contribution to the Gd-Gd exchange interaction that has been suggested to explain a measured Curie temperature that is much higher than obtained within theoretical treatments. Persistent carrier concentrations seen in both the field-effect and photo-induced conductivities point to a distribution of long-lived trap states below the conduction band, very likely centred at nitrogen vacancies
mgwr: A Python Implementation of Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression for Investigating Process Spatial Heterogeneity and Scale
Creators: name: Oshan, Taylor M.
name: Li, Ziqi
name: Kang, Wei
name: Wolf, Levi J.
name: Fotheringham, A. Stewart
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: multiscale
gwr
spatial statistics
heterogeneity
scale
mgwr

description: Geographically weighted regression (GWR) is a spatial statistical technique that recognizes that traditional ‘global’ regression models may be limited when spatial processes vary with spatial context. GWR captures process spatial heterogeneity by allowing effects to vary over space. To do this, GWR calibrates an ensemble of local linear models at any number of locations using ‘borrowed’ nearby data. This provides a surface of location-specific parameter estimates for each relationship in the model that is allowed to vary spatially, as well as a single bandwidth parameter that provides intuition about the geographic scale of the processes. A recent extension to this framework allows each relationship to vary according to a distinct spatial scale parameter, and is therefore known as multiscale (M)GWR. This paper introduces mgwr, a Python-based implementation of MGWR that explicitly focuses on the multiscale analysis of spatial heterogeneity. It provides novel functionality for inference and exploratory analysis of local spatial processes, new diagnostics unique to multi-scale local models, and drastic improvements to efficiency in estimation routines. We provide two case studies using mgwr, in addition to reviewing core concepts of local models. We present this in a literate programming style, providing an overview of the primary software functionality and demonstrations of suggested usage alongside the discussion of primary concepts and demonstration of the improvements made in mgwr.
Thermal Management of High-Power Density Electric Motors for Electrification of Aviation and Beyond
Creators: name: Deisenroth, David C.
name: Ohadi, Michael
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: electric aircraft
motor cooling
thermal management

description: Enhanced cooling, coupled with novel designs and packaging of semiconductors, has revolutionized communications, computing, lighting, and electric power conversion. It is time for a similar revolution that will unleash the potential of electrified propulsion technologies to drive improvements in fuel-to-propulsion efficiency, emission reduction, and increased power and torque densities for aviation and beyond. High efficiency and high specific power (kW/kg) electric motors are a key enabler for future electrification of aviation. To improve cooling of emerging synchronous machines, and to realize performance and cost metrics of next-generation electric motors, electromagnetic and thermomechanical co-design can be enabled by innovative design topologies, materials, and manufacturing techniques. This paper focuses on the most recent progress in thermal management of electric motors with particular focus on electric motors of significance to aviation propulsion.
Cost-Effective Options for the Renovation of an Existing Education Building toward the Nearly Net-Zero Energy Goal—Life-Cycle Cost Analysis
Creators: name: Hu, Ming
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: nearly net-zero energy
life-cycle cost analysis
renovation
cost-effective

description: A comprehensive case study on life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) was conducted on a two- story education building with a projected 40-year lifespan in College Park, Maryland. The aim of this paper was to (1) create a life cycle assessment model, using an education building to test the model, (2) compare the life cycle cost (LCC) of different renovation scenarios, taking into account added renewable energy resources to achieve the university’s overall carbon neutrality goal, and (3) verify the robustness of the LCC model by conducting sensitivity analysis and studying the influence of different variables. Nine renovation scenarios were constructed by combining six renovation techniques and three renewable energy resources. The LCCA results were then compared to understand the cost-effective relation between implementing energy reduction techniques and renewable energy sources. The results indicated that investing in energy-efficient retrofitting techniques was more cost-effective than investments in renewable energy sources in the long term. In the optimum scenario, renovation and renewable energy, when combined, produced close to a 90% reduction in the life cycle cost compared to the baseline. The payback period for the initial investment cost, including avoided electricity costs, varies from 1.4 to 4.1 years. This suggests that the initial investment in energy-efficient renovation is the primary factor in the LCC of an existing building.
Complementarity Reveals Bound Entanglement of Two Twisted Photons
Creators: name: Hiesmayr, Beatrix C.
name: Löffler, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We witness for the first time the generation of bound entanglement of two photon qutrits, whose existence has been predicted by the Horodecki family in 1998. Detection of these heavily mixed entangled states, from which no pure entanglement can be distilled, is possible using a key concept of Nature: complementarity. This captures one of the most counterintuitive differences between a classical and quantum world, for instance, the well-known wave-particle duality is just an example of complementary observables. Our protocol uses maximum complementarity between observables: the knowledge about the result of one of them precludes any knowledge about the result of the other. It enables ample detection of entanglement in arbitrary high-dimensional systems, including the most challenging case, the detection of bound entanglement. For this we manipulate "twisted" twin photons in their orbital angular momentum degrees of freedom. Our experimentally demonstrated "maximum complementarity protocol" is very general and applies to all dimensions and arbitrary number of particles, thus enables simple entanglement testing in high-dimensional quantum information and opens up the quest of understanding the meaning of this type of entanglement in Nature.
description: 7 pages, added error discussion
EMPHASIS-PREP Deliverable D5.6: Governance and Statutes for the EMPHASIS Operational Phase
Creators: name: Traini, Richard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: plant phenotyping, research infrastructure, legal framework

description: Executive Summary A critical component of the work within EMPHASIS-PREP work package 5 is the drafting of governance options and statutes for the EMPHASIS Operational Phase. It is vital that the development of these aspects of EMPHASIS are done with ample opportunities for ministry stakeholders (via the EMPHASIS Interim General Assembly (IGA)) to feedback on key features and legal requirements. A prerequisite of progress within these tasks revolve around important decision which require IGA ratification, specifically the decision on an Operational Phase legal entity. COVID-19 represented a challenge to the original decision-making timeline for these considerations and as such A decision on this was reached during the 4th EMPHASIS IGA meeting (March-2021). As such there was a knock-on delay to decision on EMPHASIS Operational Phase strategy, which in turn has delayed the finalisation of aspects of this deliverable. Given the sensitive status of discussion with the EMPHASIS IGA it has been agree with the EMPHASIS Project Officer that once the statutes (and thus governance structure) have been approved by the IGA, the final version will publish on the EMPHASIS homepage.
Antimicrobial Nanoparticles Incorporated in Edible Coatings and Films for the Preservation of Fruits and Vegetables
Creators: name: Xing, Yage
name: Li, Wenxiu
name: Wang, Qin
name: Li, Xuanlin
name: Xu, Qinglian
name: Guo, Xunlian
name: Liu, Xiaocui
name: Shui, Yuru
name: Lin, Hongbin
name: Yang, Hua
name: Bi, Xiufang
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: chitosan coating
antimicrobial activities
physical characteristics
nanoparticle application
food preservation

description: Edible coatings and films (ECF) are employed as matrixes for incorporating antimicrobial nanoparticles (NPs), and then they are applied on the fruits and vegetables to prolong shelf life and enhance storage quality. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the preparation, antimicrobial properties and mechanisms, surface and physical qualities of ECF containing antimicrobial NPs, and its efficient application to vegetables and fruits as well. Following an introduction on the properties of the main edible coating materials, the preparation technologies of ECF with NPs are summarized. The antimicrobial activity of ECF with NPs against the tested microorganism was observed by many researchers. This might be mainly due to the electrostatic interaction between the cationic polymer or free metal ions and the charged cell membrane, the photocatalytic reaction of NPs, the detachment of free metal ion, and partly due to the antimicrobial activity of edible materials. Moreover, their physical, mechanical and releasing properties are discussed in detail, which might be influenced by the concentration of NPs. The preservation potential on the quality of fruits and vegetables indicates that various ECF with NPs might be used as the ideal materials for food application. Following the introduction on these characteristics, an attempt is made to predict future trends in this field.
title: Brucellosis: Although risk of infection from mare's milk is low in Germany, BfR still recommends heat treatment: BfR Opinion No 028/2018 of 5 September 2018
Creators: name: Bundesinstitut Für Risikobewertung
Publisher: name: Bundesbehörden und Einrichtungen im Geschäftsbereich des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 000

description: BfR-Stellungnahmen, vol. 2018, no. 028
La optica de imagenes en la extension universitaria de Unicamp
Creators: name: Lunazzi, Jose Joaquin
name: Magalhaes, Daniel Souza Ferreira
name: Amon, Maria Clara Igrejas
name: Toledo, Rolando Serra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics teaching particularly the optics teaching always have faced motivational problems, mostly due to the loss of the link between the social practice and the daily life of the student. Moreover, the laboratory practices have lost space in high school attributable to a lack of resources or caused by the fact that the main purpose of the high school is being no more than the access to the University. This work shows how an extension activity called "Holographic Exhibit" tries to motivate high school students by means of experimentation, observation and the application of physics concepts in daily life, awakening their interests to the general physics. La ensenanza de la fisica y en particular de la optica siempre ha enfrentado problemas de aspecto motivacional principalmente por la perdida del vinculo con la practica social y con la vida cotidiana del estudiante. Ademas, las practicas de laboratorio han perdido mucho espacio en la ensenanza media por carencias de las escuelas o debido a que tiene apenas como objeto el examen de ingreso a la universidad. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar como una actividad de extensión universitaria llamada 'Exposicion de Holografia' intenta motivar a estudiantes de enseñanza media a traves de la experimentacion, observacion y aplicacion de conceptos fisicos en la vida cotidiana, despertando sus intereses por la física general.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. in Portuguese
Nuclear Deformation in Response to Mechanical Confinement is Cell Type Dependent
Creators: name: Doolin, Mary T.
name: Ornstein, Thea S.
name: Stroka, Kimberly M.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: nucleus
confinement
mesenchymal stem cell
fibroblast

description: Mechanosensing of the mechanical microenvironment by cells regulates cell phenotype and function. The nucleus is critical in mechanosensing, as it transmits external forces from the cellular microenvironment to the nuclear envelope housing chromatin. This study aims to elucidate how mechanical confinement affects nuclear deformation within several cell types, and to determine the role of cytoskeletal elements in controlling nuclear deformation. Human cancer cells (MDA-MB-231), human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and mouse fibroblasts (L929) were seeded within polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices containing microchannels of varying cross-sectional areas, and nuclear morphology and volume were quantified via image processing of fluorescent cell nuclei. We found that the nuclear major axis length remained fairly constant with increasing confinement in MSCs and MDA-MB-231 cells, but increased with increasing confinement in L929 cells. Nuclear volume of L929 cells and MSCs decreased in the most confining channels. However, L929 nuclei were much more isotropic in unconfined channels than MSC nuclei. When microtubule polymerization or myosin II contractility was inhibited, nuclear deformation was altered only in MSCs in wide channels. This work informs our understanding of nuclear mechanics in physiologically relevant spaces, and suggests diverging roles of the cytoskeleton in regulating nuclear deformation in different cell types.
How Urban Form Characteristics at Both Trip Ends Influence Mode Choice: Evidence from TOD vs. Non-TOD Zones of the Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area
Creators: name: Nasri, Arefeh
name: Zhang, Lei
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: transit-oriented development
mode choice
urban form
built environment
travel behavior

description: Understanding travel behavior and its relationship with built environment is crucial for sustainable transportation and land-use policy-making. This study provides additional insights into the linkage between the built environment and travel mode choice by looking at the built environment characteristics at both the trip origin and destination in the context of transit-oriented development (TOD). The objective of this research is to provide a better understanding of how travel mode choice is influenced by the built environment surrounding both trip end locations. Specifically, it investigates the effect of transit-oriented development policy and the way it affects people’s mode choice decisions. This is accomplished by developing discrete choice models and consideration of urban form characteristics at both trip ends. Our findings not only confirmed the important role the built environment plays in influencing mode choice, but also highlighted the influence of policies, such as TOD, at both trip end locations. Results suggest that the probability of choosing transit and non-motorized modes is higher for trips originating and ending in TOD areas. However, the magnitude of this TOD effect is larger at trip origin compared to destination. Higher residential and employment densities at both trips ends are also associated with lower probability of auto and higher probability of transit and non-motorized mode choices.
Generative Discussions on Generative AI: Preparing Librarians to Teach about Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Pierdinock-Weed, Amber
name: Shaw, Benjamin
name: Yocco, Daria
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2023
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence
Academic Libraries

description: AI is the latest issue in higher education that librarians are finding themselves needing to address in the classroom. With the capabilities of AI changing daily, it has been difficult for librarians to keep abreast of the latest developments. Additionally, AI is an overwhelming concept for many librarians to grasp. The Teaching and Learning Services unit at the University of Maryland created instructional resources and a community of support for UMD librarians to teach and learn about AI. These included an LMS module, a structured workshop series, and a collaborative repository to share lesson plans.
EMPHASIS-PREP Deliverable D6.2: Report on an integrated business plan
Creators: name: Fahrner, Sven
name: Pieruschka, Roland
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: plant phenotyping, research infrasturucture, business plan

description: Executive Summary This deliverable presents the EMPHASIS business plan as key document resulting from the EMPHASIS-Prep project. It addresses all strategic aspects of relevance for implementing EMPHASIS as a pan-European service organisation, including the: Business model, User and service provision strategy, Legal and governance issues, Cost model, and Implementation work plan. At the time of the finalisation of this deliverable, EMPHASIS has entered a crucial step in its life cycle. It has started conceptualising its Implementation Phase already 2018 and worked towards establishing an interim governance enabling high-level decision making since then. Accordingly, it has established its Interim General Assembly as its highest governing during the Implementation Phase which has already taking key decisions towards the end of the preparatory project in June 2021. These (among others) comprise a decision on the business model, the user strategy, the content and financial support for the Implementation Phase as described in the implementation work plan, and on the long-term legal framework (=ERIC). Other major decisions (on the cost model and the statutory seat country) are foreseen to be taken in the second half of 2021. Thus, this deliverable can present details on the strategic decisions already taken, while aspects still being negotiated within the Interim General Assembly are described on a coarser level in line with the current negotiation situation.
Pattern dynamics near homoclinic bifurcation in Rayleigh-Bénard convection
Creators: name: Pal, Pinaki
name: Kumar, Krishna
name: Maity, Priyanka
name: Dana, Syamal Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76E06

description: We report for the first time the pattern dynamics in the vicinity of an inverse homoclinic bifurcation in an extended dissipative system. We observe, in direct numerical simulations of three dimensional Rayleigh-Bénard convection, a spontaneous breaking of a competition of two mutually perpendicular sets of oscillating cross rolls to one of two possible sets of oscillating cross rolls as the Rayleigh number is raised above a critical value. The time period of the cross-roll patterns diverges, and shows scaling behavior near the bifurcation point. This is an example of a transition from nonlocal to local pattern dynamics near an inverse homoclinic bifurcation. We also present a simple four-mode model that captures the pattern dynamics quite well.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Man's Feelings Toward Animals and Their Uses: A Source Book of Literature Citations and Animal Welfare Organization Data
Creators: name: Witter, Daniel J.
name: Witter, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: This document contains 486 citations of work addressing man's feelings toward animals and their uses, and 80 citations of related social scientific works. The citations are grouped alphabetically by author in four categories: (1) general coverage; (2) animals as recreational and aesthetic resources (3) animals as industrial resources and in biological research; and (4) related social scientific literature. Additionally, the address, foundation date, membership and staff size, purpose, and periodicals of each of 141 national organizations concerned with animal welfare are listed.
description: Research was conducted as part of the N.R.E.D. predator control project.
Laplace-Laplace analysis of the fractional Poisson process
Creators: name: Gorenflo, Rudolf
name: Mainardi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A33, 33E12, 45K05, 60G18, 60G50, 60G52, 60K05, 76R50

description: We generate the fractional Poisson process by subordinating the standard Poisson process to the inverse stable subordinator. Our analysis is based on application of the Laplace transform with respect to both arguments of the evolving probability densities.
description: 20 pages. Some text may overlap with our E-prints: arXiv:1305.3074, arXiv:1210.8414, arXiv:1104.4041
Aneura Marshall
Creators: name: Amorim, Dalton De Souza
name: Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Metzgeriales
Aneuraceae
Aneura

description: Aneura Marshall
 Aneura Marshall 1896: 256, 287. Type-species, A. boletinoides Marshall (mon.).
 A. basalis Freeman 1951: 53, fig. 106 (♂ terminalia). Type-locality: Argentina, Río Negro, Puerto Blest. Holotype ♂, NHM.
(Figure 8)
 Notes. The type series included the male holotype and a male paratype, both of which are at the NHM. The labels of the holotype are: “ Aneura / basalis [hw] / Freeman. / HOLOTYPE ” [printed on red label]” // [male terminalia on a microslide attached to a pinned acetate sheet]” // “HOLO- / TYPE” [printed in black on a rounded label with red border]” // “Nahuel Huapi, / Puerto Blest. / 2–3.xii.1926.” // “ Argentina: / Terr. Río Negro. / F. & M. Edwards / B.M. 1927–63.” // “BMNH(E) # / 257918”. The holotype is in good condition, as well as the paratype (BMNH (E) # 257919).
 A. longistila Freeman 1951: 52, fig. 105 (♂ terminalia). Type-locality: Argentina, Río Negro, Lago Correntoso. Holotype ♂, NHM.
(Figure 9)
 Notes. The type series included the male holotype, eleven male and twelve female paratypes, of which the holotype, ten male and eight female paratypes are at the NHM. The labels of the holotype are: “ Aneura / longistila [hw] / Freeman. / HOLOTYPE ” [printed on red label]” // [male terminalia on a microslide attached to a pinned plastic stripe]” // “HOLO- / TYPE” [printed in black on a rounded label with red border]” // “Lago Correntoso. / 18–25.xii.1926.” // “ Argentina: / Prov. Río Negro. / F. & M. Edwards / B.M. 1927–63.” // “BMNH(E) # / 257899”. Most of the paratypes are in excellent condition (BMNH (E) # 257900-17).
description: Published as part of Amorim, Dalton De Souza & Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira, 2013, Types of Neotropical Mycetophilidae (Diptera) at the Natural History Museum collection, London, pp. 1-119 in Zootaxa 3726 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3726.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5267220