cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Marked augmentation of PLGA nanoparticle-induced metabolically beneficial impact of γ-oryzanol on fuel dyshomeostasis in genetically obese-diabetic ob/ob mice
Creators: name: Kozuka, Chisayo
name: Shimizu-Okabe, Chigusa
name: Takayama, Chitoshi
name: Nakano, Kaku
name: Morinaga, Hidetaka
name: Kinjo, Ayano
name: Fukuda, Kotaro
name: Kamei, Asuka
name: Yasuoka, Akihito
name: Kondo, Takashi
name: Abe, Keiko
name: Egashira, Kensuke
name: Masuzaki, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Our previous works demonstrated that brown rice-specific bioactive substance, γ-oryzanol acts as a chaperone, attenuates exaggerated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in brain hypothalamus and pancreatic islets, thereby ameliorating metabolic derangement in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese diabetic mice. However, extremely low absorption efficiency from intestine of γ-oryzanol is a tough obstacle for the clinical application. Therefore, in this study, to overcome extremely low bioavailability of γ-oryzanol with super-high lipophilicity, we encapsulated γ-oryzanol in polymer poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (Nano-Orz), and evaluated its metabolically beneficial impact in genetically obese-diabetic ob/ob mice, the best-known severest diabetic model in mice. To our surprise, Nano-Orz markedly ameliorated fuel metabolism with an unexpected magnitude (∼1000-fold lower dose) compared with regular γ-oryzanol. Furthermore, such a conspicuous impact was achievable by its administration once every 2 weeks. Besides the excellent impact on dysfunction of hypothalamus and pancreatic islets, Nano-Orz markedly decreased ER stress and inflammation in liver and adipose tissue. Collectively, nanotechnology-based developments of functional foods oriented toward γ-oryzanol shed light on the novel approach for the treatment of a variety of metabolic diseases in humans.
Representation of 'ideal image in woman' in Martha Stewart and Harumi Kurihara's cooking magazines
Creators: name: Kasai, Mayumi
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Cooking magazine
Harumi kurihara
Ideal image
Martha Stewart

description: Even though there are many studies on domestic advice experts, the total coordination of lifestyle, and the images of women promoted through commercialized domesticity, there has been comparatively little research into the relationship between domesticity and women's images in different cultures, particularly through cooking magazines. In this thesis, I will compare two periodicals, Martha Stewart's Martha Stewart Living (MSL) and Harumi Kurihara's haru_mi in order to examine how Stewart and Kurihara convey their images of homemaker through their magazines, how and why they are different (such as cultural, linguistic, social, and economic factors) and the kinds of messages they send to their readers. In order to answer these questions, the following issues will be discussed: 1) the historical background of women in society in both the U.S. and Japan, with a focus on changes in the roles of women in society during 1960s to 1990s, 2) how Stewart and Kurihara manipulate their images as homemakers in their magazines in order to promote not only the lifestyles they suggest but more so for their products, and 3) the kinds of influences Stewart and Kurihara have had on their readers through magazines and their products.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 23450.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 07.09.1970, erstellt von Werner Scheidegger
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1970

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Genkwanin nanosuspensions: a novel and potential antitumor drug in breast carcinoma therapy
Creators: name: Li, Yijing
name: Hong, Jingyi
name: Li, Haowen
name: Qi, Xiaoyu
name: Guo, Yifei
name: Han, Meihua
name: Wang, Xiangtao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Recently, genkwanin (GKA) has been shown to display in vitro antitumor activity against some cancer cells, but its poor solubility restricted the in vivo study and further investigation of its antitumor therapeutic efficacy. In this paper, genkwanin nanosuspensions (GKA-NSps) were successfully prepared using D-alpha tocopherol acid polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) as a stabilizer using the precipitation-homogenization method. The obtained GKA-NSps had an average particle size of 183.1 ± 4.4 nm, a PDI value of 0.16 ± 0.07, a zeta potential of −16.2 ± 0.1 mV, and a drug loading content of 49.36 ± 0.14%. GKA-NSps showed spherical morphology and very good stability in normal saline, phosphate buffer saline (PBS, pH 7.4), 5% glucose, artificial gastric juice, artificial intestinal juice and plasma; thus, it is suitable for both oral and intravenous administration. The resultant GKA-NSps displayed sustained drug release behavior and stronger in vitro cytotoxicity against 4T1, MCF-7, MDA-MB-453, HeLa, HepG2, BT474, and A549 cells than free GKA. The in vivo study in MCF-7 tumor-bearing nude mice indicated that GKA-NSps (60 mg/kg, i.v.) achieved similar therapeutic efficacy as PTX injection (8 mg/kg, i.v.) (62.09% vs. 61.27%), while the minimal lethal dose was more than 320 mg/kg, indicating good safety. By using nanotechnology, our study suggested that some antitumor flavonoids of low potency, such as GKA, are promising as safe but effective anticancer drugs.
Altered liver parameters in a genetic mouse model of porphyria cutanea tarda and possible involvement of ABC transporters in the disease
Creators: name: Arch, Dorinda Deana
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Liver parameters
Mouse model

description: The project sought to examine the changes in the liver associated with porphyria and whether ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters in the hepatocyte might in some manner be connected with the disruption of porphyrin homeostasis. The animal model of porphyria selected for the study was a genetic mouse model of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) that spontaneously develops the disorder with maturity. This model affords the opportunity to comprehensively evaluate liver changes without the administration of any exogenous compounds, which in other animal models are used to precipitate PCT. Many changes in hepatic parameters were present in the porphyric mouse model. Total liver heme concentration was increased, select cytochrome P450 activities were decreased while others were unchanged, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity was unchanged while glutathione S-transferase activity was elevated. Because of their broad and overlapping substrate selectivities, changes in specific transporters are most easily investigated through changes in mRNA expression.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 23466.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 23.09.1970, erstellt von Fritz Riesen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1970

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 23492.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.10.1970, erstellt von Fritz Riesen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1970

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel. Es sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
Insulin-loaded PLGA microspheres for glucose-responsive release
Creators: name: Wu, Jun-Zi
name: Williams, Gareth R.
name: Li, He-Yu
name: Wang, Dong-Xiu
name: Li, Shu-De
name: Zhu, Li-Min
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres were prepared, loaded with insulin, and then coated in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and a novel boronic acid-containing copolymer [poly(acrylamide phenyl boronic acid-co-N–vinylcaprolactam); p(AAPBA-co-NVCL)]. Multilayer microspheres were generated using a layer-by-layer approach depositing alternating coats of PVA and p(AAPBA-co-NVCL) on the PLGA surface, with the optimal system found to be that with eight alternating layers of each coating. The resultant material comprised spherical particles with a porous PLGA core and the pores covered in the coating layers. Insulin could successfully be loaded into the particles, with loading capacity and encapsulation efficiencies reaching 2.83 ± 0.15 and 82.6 ± 5.1% respectively, and was found to be present in the amorphous form. The insulin-loaded microspheres could regulate drug release in response to a changing concentration of glucose. In vitro and in vivo toxicology tests demonstrated that they are safe and have high biocompatibility. Using the multilayer microspheres to treat diabetic mice, we found they can effectively control blood sugar levels over at least 18 days, retaining their glucose-sensitive properties during this time. Therefore, the novel multilayer microspheres developed in this work have significant potential as smart drug-delivery systems for the treatment of diabetes.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 27.12.1970, erstellt von Simona Nicolescu, Observatorium Bukarest
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1970

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Astronomischen Observatorium Bukarest, Solarsektor, Rumänien. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund weiterer Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Instrument: Zeiss-Refraktor (Öffnung 130mm, f = 1950mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
Job satisfaction among intensive care nurses as related to professional growth needs and performance appraisal systems
Creators: name: Kontas, Anna S.
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Intensive Care Units

description: Nursing service administrators strive to provide quality patient care through retention of competent, motivated nurses.  Nurse job satisfaction is essential to retention and critical in Intensive Care Units (ICUs).  Although there are many variables contributing to nurse job satisfaction, this study examined ICU staff nurse job satisfaction in relationship to performance appraisal systems, frequency of feedback and certain demographic characteristics.  ICU staff nurses from three private hospitals responded to the study by completing a Personal Satisfaction Inventory instrument, a question on frequency of feedback and demographic questionnaire.  An expert panel, instructed in motivational theory, examined the three hospitals' job descriptions/performance evaluation instruments for congruence and motivational design.  Consensus of the panel was numerically translated on a Likert scale to allow statistical analysis with job satisfaction scores.  Frequency of feed back and marital status achieved significant correlations with job satisfaction.  No significant relationship was found with congruence/design of performance appraisal systems.
Self-ordering titania nanotube arrays: electrochemical anodization, functionalization, and application
Creators: name: Smith, York Reed
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2014

description: Hydrogen is envisioned as a viable fu e l o f the future. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen generation by water splitting reaction is the most promising method to obtain renewable hydrogen. The U.S. Department of Energy has determined that for PEC hydrogen to be economically feasible, and competitive with steam reforming hydrogen production, a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 10% maintained for 1 ,0 0 0 hours of operation is required. Selection of durable photo-electrodes capable of withstanding the harsh aqueous environment in PEC hydrogen generation is an important factor. Semiconductor nanostructured metal oxides, such as titanium dioxide, are generally more stable in such environments, making them suitable candidate materials. In the present investigation, self-organizing nanotubular titanium dioxide synthesized by electrochemical anodization and heterostructures thereof were examined for PEC hydrogen generation. In the first part, new synthesis methods were explored such as light-assisted anodization, surface treatment prior to anodization to achieve hierarchical nanotubular titanium dioxide, and binary acid anodization for in situ metal doping. A mechanism for pore nucleation and nanotube wall separation has also been proposed. In the second part, titania nanotubes were sensitized with nanocrystalline CdO, CdS, and Mn2+ or Co2+ doped CdS as visible light absorber layers. The material properties were examined using different characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), ultra violet-visible (UV-vis) photospectroscopy, x-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. The PEC activity of the photoanodes was examined under simulated air mass (AM) 1.5 irradiation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Mott-Schotty analysis were also used to ascertain the PEC results and correlate with material properties.
Canadian Gallup Poll # 502-1
Creators: name: Inc., The Canadian Gallup Poll
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); economic outlook(1); nuclear power generation(1); Young Offenders Act(2); immigration to Canada(2); Canada's defense spending(1); free trade with US(1). Note: Demographics(17).
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 23506.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 07.11.1970, erstellt von Fritz Riesen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1970

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Synthesis of Hepatitis C virus RNA targeted therapeutics and studies towards the Epidithiodiketopiperazine Alkylation in Chaetomin
Creators: name: De Costa, Narahenpitage Tilani Sandamala
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Hepatitis C virus
RNA
Targeted therapeutics
Epidithiodiketopiperazine
Alkylation
Chaetomin

description: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has become a leading killer worldwide, affecting more than 170 million people and leading to cirrhosis of the liver, end-stage liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Current therapies for HCV are associated with significant side effects, as well as increased resistance. Therefore, there is a clear  need for a less toxic and more effective therapy. RNA is becoming an important therapeutic target, despite the challenge associated with developing molecules targeting  RNA. The HCV internal ribosome entry site (IRES) located at the 5 untranslated region of the viral RNA has become a most attractive therapeutic target. Domain II of the HCV IRES has a 90o bent helical structure, which is crucial for the function of the IRES.  Benzimidazole based HCV replication inhibitors that exert their activity by altering the structure of the domain IIa of the HCV IRES have been reported.  The Rainier group, in collaboration with the Davis, Cheatham and Hagedorn groups of the University of Utah, plan to reach the goal of developing efficient HCV  therapeutics. The plan centers around utilizing the previously reported synthesis of quaternary substituted indolines and thiopyranylindolines by Rh(II) mediated diazo decomposition to examine the scope of potential HCV inhibitors. A serotonin derivative was coupled with a vinyl diazo ester in the presence of Rh2(OAc)4 to provide a quaternary substituted indoline, which after cyclization with TFA provided the pyrroloindoline based potential HCV inhibitors.  Chaetomin was isolated from Chaetomium sp. and was found to possess antibiotic effects, immunomodulatory activity, and anti cancer activity. Thus, the fascinating  architecture, as well as its striking biological activity, have made chaetomin an attractive synthetic target. The indole-diketopiperazine bridge in chaetomin is an important structural feature of its northern hemisphere. The bridgehead carbanion in the epidithiodiketopiperazine moiety was quenched with a skatole derivative to produce an  indole-diketopiperazine coupled product.  Outlined here are the studies directed toward the synthesis of pyrroloindoline based potential HCV inhibitors, and the synthesis of the indole-diketopiperazine bridge in chaetomin.
A novel solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) for improved stability and oral bioavailability of an oily drug, 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol
Creators: name: Kim, Kyeong Soo
name: Yang, Eun Su
name: Kim, Dong Shik
name: Kim, Dong Wuk
name: Yoo, Hye Hyun
name: Yong, Chul Soon
name: Youn, Yu Seok
name: Oh, Kyung Taek
name: Jee, Jun-Pil
name: Kim, Jong Oh
name: Jin, Sung Giu
name: Choi, Han Gon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: To develop a novel solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) for a water-insoluble oily drug, 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG) with improved stability and oral bioavailability, numerous S-SNEDDS were prepared with surfactant, hydrophilic polymer, antioxidant, and calcium silicate (porous carrier) using the spray-drying method. Their physicochemical properties were evaluated using emulsion droplet size analysis, SEM and PXRD. Moreover, the solubility, dissolution, stability, and pharmacokinetics of the selected S-SNEDDS were assessed compared with the drug and a commercial soft capsule. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) with the highest drug solubility were selected as surfactant and hydrophilic polymer, respectively. Among the antioxidants tested, only butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) could completely protect the drug from oxidative degradation. The S-SNEDDS composed of PLAG/SLS/HPMC/BHA/calcium silicate at a weight ratio of 1: 0.25: 0.1: 0.0002: 0.5 provided an emulsion droplet size of less than 300 nm. In this S-SNEDDS, the drug and other ingredients might exist in the pores of carrier and attach onto its surface. It considerably improved the drug stability (about 100 vs. 70%, 60 °C for 5 d) and dissolution (about 80 vs. 20% in 60 min) compared to the commercial soft capsule. Moreover, the S-SNEDDS gave higher AUC, Cmax, and Tmax values than the commercial soft capsule; in particular, the former improved the oral bioavailability of PLAG by about 3-fold. Our results suggested that this S-SNEDDS provided excellent stability and oral bioavailability of PLAG. Thus, this S-SNEDDS would be recommended as a powerful oral drug delivery system for an oily drug, PLAG.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 23473.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 30.09.1970, erstellt von Fritz Riesen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1970

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
The role of osmolarity adjusting agents in the regulation of encapsulated cell behavior to provide a safer and more predictable delivery of therapeutics
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Pujana, Ainhoa
name: Rementeria, Aitor
name: Blanco, Francisco Javier
name: Igartua, Manoli
name: Pedraz, Jose Luis
name: Santos-Vizcaino, Edorta
name: Hernandez, Rosa Maria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Transplantation of cells within alginate microspheres has been extensively studied for sustained drug delivery. However, the lack of control over cell behavior represents a major concern regarding the efficacy and the safety of the therapy. Here, we demonstrated that when formulating the biosystem, an adequate selection of osmolarity adjusting agents significantly contributes to the regulation of cell responses. Our data showed that these agents interact in the capsule formation process, influencing the alginate crosslinking degree. Therefore, when selecting inert or electrolyte-based osmolarity adjusting agents to encapsulate D1 multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), alginate microcapsules with differing mechanical properties were obtained. Since mechanical forces acting on cells influence their behavior, contrasting cell responses were observed both, in vitro and in vivo. When employing mannitol as an inert osmolarity adjusting agent, microcapsules presented a more permissive matrix, allowing a tumoral-like behavior. This resulted in the formation of enormous cell-aggregates that presented necrotic cores and protruding peripheral cells, rendering the therapy unpredictable, dysfunctional, and unsafe. Conversely, the use of electrolyte osmolarity adjusting agents, including calcium or sodium, provided the capsule with a suitable crosslinking degree that established a tight control over cell proliferation and enabled an adequate therapeutic regimen in vivo. The crucial impact of these agents was confirmed when gene expression studies reported pivotal divergences not only in proliferative pathways, but also in genes involved in survival, migration, and differentiation. Altogether, our results prove osmolarity adjusting agents as an effective tool to regulate cell behavior and obtain safer and more predictable therapies.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 23413.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 27.07.1970, erstellt von Fritz Riesen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1970

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
“Fusion and binding inhibition” key target for HIV-1 treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis: targets, drug delivery and nanotechnology approaches
Creators: name: Malik, Tanushree
name: Chauhan, Gaurav
name: Rath, Goutam
name: Murthy, R. S. R.
name: Goyal, Amit K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: More than 35 million people are living with HIV worldwide with approximately 2.3 million new infections per year. Cascade of events (cell entry, virus replication, assembly and release of newly formed virions) is involved in the HIV-1 transmission process. Every single step offers a potential therapeutic strategy to halt this progression and HIV fusion into the human host cell is one such stage. Controlling the initial event of HIV-1 transmission is the best way to control its dissemination especially when prophylaxis is concerned. Action is required either on the HIV’s or host’s cell surface which is logically more rational when compared with other intracellular acting moieties. Aim of this manuscript is to detail the significance and current strategies to halt this initial step, thus blocking the entry of HIV-1 for further infection. Both HIV-1 and the possible host cell’s receptors/co-receptors are under focus while specifying the targets available for inhibiting this fusion. Current and under investigation moieties are categorized based on their versatile mechanisms. Advanced drug delivery and nanotechnology approaches present a key tool to exploit the therapeutic potential in a boosted way. Current drug delivery and the impact of nanotechnology in potentiating this strategy are detailed.
Injectable long-acting formulations (ILAFs) and manufacturing techniques
Creators: name: Magar, Kosheli Thapa
name: Boucetta, Hamza
name: Zhao, Zongmin
name: Xu, Ying
name: Liu, Zhengxia
name: He, Wei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Most therapeutics delivered using short-acting formulations need repeated administration, which can harm patient compliance and raise failure risks related to inconsistent treatment. Injectable long-acting formulations (ILAFs) are controlled/sustained-release formulations fabricated to deliver active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and extend their half-life over days to months. Longer half-lives of ILAFs minimize the necessity for frequent doses, increase patient compliance, and reduce the risk of side effects from intravenous (IV) infusions. Using ILAF technologies, the immediate drug release can also be controlled, thereby minimizing potential adverse effects due to high initial drug blood concentrations. In this review, we have discussed various ILAFs, their physiochemical properties, fabrication technologies, advantages, and practical issues, as well as address some major challenges in their application. Especially, the approved ILAFs are highlighted. ILAFs are sustained-release formulations with extended activity, which can improve patient compliance. ILAFs are designed to deliver APIs like proteins and peptides and extend their half-life over days to months. The specific properties of each ILAF preparation, such as extended-release and improved drug targeting capabilities, make them an effective approach for precise and focused therapy. Furthermore, this is especially helpful for biopharmaceuticals with short biological half-lives and low stability since most environmental conditions can protect them from sustained-release delivery methods.
Dirichlet's Theorem and L-functions
Creators: name: Snellman, Robbie
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Dirichlet principle

description: Dirichlet's Theorem states that given any two relatively prime positive integers a, m,  there are infinitely-many primes p in the arithmetic progression a + mk where k is any  nonnegative integer. This thesis will start with an introduction to the foundations of  algebra, number theory, and analysis, and will build on these concepts to introduce  the advanced concepts used in the proof of Dirichlet's Theorem.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 23399.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 11.07.1970, erstellt von Fritz Riesen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1970

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Age of menarche in the rural population of southern Haiti
Creators: name: Bandi, Faye C.
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Haiti
Physiiological
Environmental

description: This descriptive survey was designed to identify the age of menarche among rural women of Southern Haiti. Within this cross-sectional design, age of menarche was assessed by a recall method and confirmed by determining that age at which more than half the subjects were postmenarcheal. An interview technique was utilized to sample 97 subjects aged 10 to 19 during the summer of 1979.  In addition to identifying the menarcheal age for this population, this study explored certain physiological and environmental variables, as they related to age of menarche. The limited size of the sample selected in a nonrandom fashion prohibited statistical demonstration of correlations.  It was observed that the expected menarcheal age for this population was 14 years old. Among the environmental variables examined, there was a positive relationship between age of menarche and number of siblings, number of sisters, and number of cohabitants in the subjects' households. There was a negative association between the subjects' educational achievement and age of menarche. Whether or not the subjects' families owned land had no relationship with the event of menarche. No relationship between the geographic location of the subjects' homes and age of menarche could be established.  Consideration of physiological variables revealed that subjects who experienced menarche prior to the expected age of 14 were larger in height and weight than those subjects who experienced menarche at 14 years old or older. There was no relationship between age of menarche and hemoglobin values obtained at the time of the interview. Efforts to elicit personal evaluations of health status from the subjects in order to relate this to menarcheal age were inconclusive.  The researcher postulated that, although menarche is an event which is vulnerable to a variety of factors, nutrition exerts a significant effect on the temporal event of menarche and recommends further investigation aimed to scientifically verify this hypothesis.
Carbonate apatite nanoparticles carry siRNA(s) targeting growth factor receptor genes egfr1 and erbb2 to regress mouse breast tumor
Creators: name: Tiash, Snigdha
name: Kamaruzman, Nur Izyani Binti
name: Chowdhury, Ezharul Hoque
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Cancer cells lose their control on cell cycle by numerous genetic and epigenetic alterations. In a tumor, these cells highly express growth factor receptors (GFRs), eliciting growth, and cell division. Among the GFRs, epidermal growth factor receptor-1 (EGFR1) (Her1/ERBB1) and epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (EGFR2) (Her2/ERBB2) from epidermal growth factor (EGF) family and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) are highly expressed on breast cancer cells, thus contributing to the aggressive growth and invasiveness, have been focused in this study. Moreover, overexpression of these receptors is related to suppression of cell death and conferring resistance against the classical drugs used to treat cancer nowadays. Therefore, silencing of these GFRs-encoding genes by using selective small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) could be a powerful approach to treat breast cancer. The inorganic pH sensitive carbonate apatite nanoparticles (NPs) were used as a nano-carrier to deliver siRNA(s) against single or multiple GFR genes in breast cancer cells as well as in a mouse model of breast carcinoma. Silencing of egfr1 and erbb2 simultaneously led to a reduction in cell viability with an increase in cell death signal in the cancer cells and regression of tumor growth in vivo.
Carbonate apatite nanoparticles carry siRNA(s) targeting growth factor receptor genes egfr1 and erbb2 to regress mouse breast tumor
Creators: name: Tiash, Snigdha
name: Kamaruzman, Nur Izyani Binti
name: Hoque Chowdhury, Ezharul
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Cancer cells lose their control on cell cycle by numerous genetic and epigenetic alterations. In a tumor, these cells highly express growth factor receptors (GFRs), eliciting growth, and cell division. Among the GFRs, epidermal growth factor receptor-1 (EGFR1) (Her1/ERBB1) and epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (EGFR2) (Her2/ERBB2) from epidermal growth factor (EGF) family and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) are highly expressed on breast cancer cells, thus contributing to the aggressive growth and invasiveness, have been focused in this study. Moreover, overexpression of these receptors is related to suppression of cell death and conferring resistance against the classical drugs used to treat cancer nowadays. Therefore, silencing of these GFRs-encoding genes by using selective small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) could be a powerful approach to treat breast cancer. The inorganic pH sensitive carbonate apatite nanoparticles (NPs) were used as a nano-carrier to deliver siRNA(s) against single or multiple GFR genes in breast cancer cells as well as in a mouse model of breast carcinoma. Silencing of egfr1 and erbb2 simultaneously led to a reduction in cell viability with an increase in cell death signal in the cancer cells and regression of tumor growth in vivo.
Characterization of the Source and Function of Interleukin-10 During Lyme Arthritis Development
Creators: name: Sonderegger, F. Lynn
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2014

description: IL-10 is a non-redundant inflammatory modulator that suppresses the development of arthritis in Borrelia burgdorferi infected mice. Previous microarray studies of infected B6 and C3H joint tissue found IL-10 to be induced only in B6 mice, leading to the hypothesis that the inability to produce IL-10 was a factor in arthritis development in C3H mice. Expression of IL-10 was robust in the skin from around the ankle joint in both B6 and C3H mice, suggesting that arthritis in C3H mice develops through pathways not regulated by IL-10. B6 IL-10-/- mice were previously found to have a robust and sustained interferoninducible response in joint tissues, and the current study identified high concentrations of IFN-γ in sera. Infection of IL-10 reporter mice demonstrated that macrophages and CD4+ T cells were the primary sources of IL-10 in the infected joint and skin tissues, which suggested that early local production of IL-10 dampened the pro-arthritic interferon response. In fact, treatment of IL-10-/- mice with anti-IFN-γ reduced arthritis severity and suppressed interferon-inducible transcripts to wild type levels, thereby linking dysregulation of IFN-γ to disease in the IL-10-/- mouse. Arthritis in IL-10 deficient mice was associated with elevated numbers of NK cell, NKT cell, α/β T cell, and macrophage infiltration of the infected joint. FACS lineage sorting revealed NK cells and CD4+ T cells as sources of IFN-γ in the joint tissue of IL-10-/- mice. These findings suggest the presence of a positive feedback loop in the joint tissue of infected IL-10-/- mice, where iv production of inflammatory chemokines, infiltration of IFN-γ producing cells, and additional production of inflammatory cytokines result in arthritis. This mechanism of arthritis is in contrast to that seen in C3H mice, where arthritis development is linked to transient production of Type I interferon, and develops independently of IFN-γ. Due to the sustained interferon response driven by NK cells and T cells, we propose the IL-10-/- mouse as a potential model to study the prolonged symptoms observed in some human Lyme disease patients.
Redox-responsive PEGylated self-assembled prodrug-nanoparticles formed by single disulfide bond bridge periplocymarin-vitamin E conjugate for liver cancer chemotherapy
Creators: name: Zhang, Huiyun
name: Xu, Wenqian
name: Omari-Siaw, Emmanuel
name: Liu, Yingkun
name: Chen, Baoding
name: Chen, Deyu
name: Yu, Jiangnan
name: Xu, Ximing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Periplocymarin (PPM), a cardiac glycoside, has a narrow therapeutic index, poor tumor selectivity and severe cardiovascular toxicity which hinder its wide clinical applications in cancer treatment. Herein, we report novel redox-responsive prodrug-nanoparticles (MPSSV-NPs) self-assembled by co-nanoprecipitation of PPM-vitamin E conjugate and a PEG derivative of linoleate (mPEG2000-LA) in water. It was found that the characteristics of PPM-vitamin E nanoparticles (PSSV-NPs) were improved through co-nanoprecipitation with increased percentages of mPEG2000-LA. Moreover, the MPSSV-NPs were optimized according to the in vitro release and cytotoxicity study. Furthermore, the optimized MPSSV-NPs dramatically enhanced the circulation time and tumor distribution of PSSV-NPs after single intravenous injection. The in vivo studies in malignant H22-bearing mice revealed that MPSSV-NPs could effectively suppress tumor growth without causing obvious systemic toxicity. Altogether, these results suggested that MPSSV-NPs could offer a safe, multifunctional and viable nanoplatform for cardiac glycosides in cancer treatment.
Misinterpretation and misapplication of biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease: how do we avoid this?
Creators: name: Varley, Robert B
name: Lee, James C
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: Gene Expression
subject: Gene Expression
classificationCode: Immunology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: Genetics & Genomics
subject: Genetics & Genomics
classificationCode: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Human Biology & Physiology
classificationCode: Cell Biology
subject: Cell Biology

description: INTRODUCTION: The management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has evolved substantially over the past decade, with the emergence of new advanced therapies presenting unprecedented challenges in clinical decision-making. While these therapies provide patients with more opportunities to get better, biomarkers to guide their use remain elusive. AREAS COVERED: This article highlights the challenges associated with biomarker discovery, interpretation, and application in IBD - based on literature review, first-hand experience of biomarker discovery, and personal opinion. We highlight problems including the misinterpretation of predictive capabilities, lack of independent validation, and reverse causation in retrospective studies, and explain why associations with clinical parameters or seropositivity to microbial antigens often fail to meet the rigorous performance metrics required for clinical utility. The relative need for different biomarkers is also discussed - particularly in light of recent evidence from the PROFILE trial, which emphasizes the considerably greater risk posed by uncontrolled disease than by the potential side-effects of medications. EXPERT OPINION: Despite multiple challenges, the potential of biomarkers for precision medicine in IBD remains promising, particularly in combination with other clinical and biochemical parameters. Further research into combinatorial biomarker approaches is needed, but must be combined with learning how to communicate results that are inherently uncertain.
Descriptive study of the transition from employment to retirement for women
Creators: name: Ludwig, Patti Ann
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Study
Labor Force
Transition

description: Most of the research on work and retirement has been conducted with men.  However, as more women enter the labor force, it is increasingly probable that the nurse in any setting will encounter women making the transition from employment to retirement.  Because of the dearth of information available, nurses lack a knowledge base for dealing with these women.  At the most basic level, no attempts have been made to identify how women define and evaluate themselves in relation to work and what the experience of retirement means.  This exploratory/descriptive study was designed to describe and explore the process of retirement for women.  Forty-seven retired women and 13 employed women were interviewed.  Content analysis of the interviews constituted data analysis.  The phenomenon of retirement was examined in the context of the women's professional and personal life.  Included in the data analysis were a demographic profile; cataclysmic and personal changes experienced; general patterns and types of employment; reasons for seeking employment; problems associated with employment; constituents of a good job; reasons for retiring; attitudes toward and preparation for retirement; problems associated with retirement; health changes; measures taken to preserve health; hindrances and help to adjustment to retirement; and relocation after retirement.  This study has raised a host of questions.  Two concepts particularly important for the future direction this line of research should take are: a) identifying optimal preparation to minimize problems experienced by women making the transition to retirement, and b) developing a plan to integrate concepts nurses can use to assist the women in this transition throughout nursing education and practice.