cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The low-luminosity galaxy population in the NGC 5044 Group
Creators: name: Cellone, Sergio A.
name: Buzzoni, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multicolour imaging for 33 dwarf and intermediate-luminosity galaxies in the field of the NGC 5044 Group, complemented with mid-resolution spectroscopy for a subsample of 13 objects. With these data, a revised membership and morphological classification is made for the galaxies in the sample. We were able to confirm all but one of the "definite members" included in the spectroscopic subsample, which were originally classified based on morphological criteria; however, an important fraction of background galaxies is probably present among "likely" and "possible" members. The presence of a nucleus could be detected in just five out of the nine galaxies originally classified as dE,N, thus confirming the intrisic difficulty of photographic-plate morphological classification for this kind of object. Our deep surface photometry provided clear evidences for disc structure in at least three galaxies previously catalogued as dE or dS0. Their transition-type properties are also evident from the colour-magnitude diagram, where they lie near the late-type galaxies locus, suggesting an evolutionary connection between a parent disc-galaxy population and at least part of present-day dEs. Six new dSph candidates were also found, most of them at small projected distances from NGC 5044, the central galaxy of the Group. The NGC 5044 Group appears clearly defined in redshift space, with a mean heliocentric radial velocity, =2461 +/- 84 km/s (z=0.0082), and a moderate dispersion, σ_{v_r}=431 km/s. Our data show no luminosity segregation for early-type galaxies: both dwarf and bright E/S0 systems show very similar velocity distributions (σ_{v_r} ~ 290 km/s), in contrast to late-type galaxies that seem to display a broader distribution (σ_{v_r} ~ 680 km/s).
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, uses mn2e.cls. To be published in MNRAS. For more info, full-resolution paper and colour figures see http://www.bo.astro.it/~eps/home.html
Estimate of the superradiance spectrum in dispersive media
Creators: name: Torres, Theo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2016, the Nottingham group detected the rotational superradiance effect. While this experiment demonstrated the robustness of the superradiance process, it still lacks a complete theoretical description due to the many effects at stage in the experiment. In this paper, we shine new light on this experiment by deriving an estimate of the reflection coefficient in the dispersive regime by means of a WKB analysis. This estimate is used to evaluate the reflection coefficient spectrum of counter rotating modes in the Nottingham experiment. Our finding suggests that the vortex flow in the superradiance experiment was not purely absorbing, contrary to the event horizon of a rotating black hole. While this result increases the gap between this experimental vortex flow and a rotating black hole, it is argued that it is in fact this gap that is the source of novel ideas.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Proceeding paper for the discussion meeting "The next generation of analogue gravity experiments" (The Royal Society, London, December 9-10, 2019). Accepted for publication in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A
Generation of Coherent Phonons via a Cavity Enhanced Photonic Lambda Scheme
Creators: name: Bourhill, Jeremy
name: Carvalho, Natalia do Carmo
name: Goryachev, Maxim
name: Galliou, Serge
name: Tobar, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the generation of coherent phonons in a quartz Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) resonator through the photoelastic properties of the crystal, via the coupling to a microwave cavity enhanced by a photonic lambda scheme. This is achieved by imbedding a single crystal BAW resonator between the post and the adjacent wall of a microwave reentrant cavity resonator. This 3D photonic lumped LC resonator at the same time acts as the electrodes of a BAW phonon resonator, and allows the direct readout of coherent phonons via the linear piezoelectric response of the quartz. A microwave pump, $ω_p$ is tuned to the cavity resonance $ω_0$, while a probe frequency, $ω_{probe}$, is detuned and varied around the red and blue detuned values with respect to the BAW phonon frequency, $Ω_m$. The pump and probe power dependence of the generated phonons unequivocally determines the process to be electrostrictive, with the phonons produced at the difference frequency between pump and probe, with no back action effects involved. Thus, the phonons are created without threshold and can be considered analogous to a Coherent Population Trapped (CPT) maser scheme.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Nonrelativistic spinning strings
Creators: name: Roychowdhury, Dibakar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct nonrelativistic spinning string solutions corresponding to $ SU(1,2|3) $ Spin-Matrix theory (SMT) limit of strings in $ AdS_5 \times S^5 $. Considering various nonrelativistic spinning string configurations both in $ AdS_5 $ as well as $ S^5 $ we obtain corresponding dispersion relations in the strong coupling regime of SMT where the strong coupling ($ \sim \sqrt{\mathfrak{g}} $) corrections near the BPS bound have been estimated in the slow spinning limit of strings in $ AdS_5 $. We generalize our results explicitly by constructing three spin folded string configurations that has two of its spins along $ AdS_5 $ and one along $ S^5 $. Our analysis reveals that the correction to the spectrum depends non trivially on the length of the NR string in $ AdS_5 $. The rest of the paper essentially unfolds the underlying connection between $ SU(1,2|3) $ Spin-Matrix theory (SMT) limit of strings in $ AdS_5 \times S^5 $ and the nonrelativistic Neumann-Rosochatius like integrable models in 1D. Taking two specific examples of NR spinning strings in $ R \times S^3 $ as well as in certain sub-sector of $ AdS_5 $ we show that similar reduction is indeed possible where one can estimate the spectrum of the theory using 1D model.
description: Latex, 19 pages, Revised version, Version accepted in JHEP
title: The Teaching And Learning Of Vocabulary: With Special Reference To Bilingual Pupils
Creators: name: Robinson, P. J.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2000

description: The study reported here examines the English language knowledge and performance of bilingual school children of Middle School age in Britain, in particular their acquisition and use of vocabulary. One of the chief premises of the research is that pupils from bilingual minority ethnic backgrounds suffer a major disadvantage while learning from the National Curriculum because they lack the necessary richness of word knowledge, accompanied by the conceptual frameworks expected in learning subjects such as science and geography. Furthermore, it is believed that by raising awareness among teachers and by the adoption of appropriate methods of vocabulary teaching founded on research, the vocabulary learning of bilingual pupils can be greatly increased. The aim of the study is to identify, describe and evaluate methods of vocabulary instruction currently used and to provide recommendations for suitable methods to be introduced. By means of an action research methodology implemented in a middle school, and with the joint participation of some members of staff and some pupils, classroom data was collected over a two and a half year period from teachers of science, geography and English and their pupils, supplemented with semi-structured interviews with teachers and support staff and conversations with children. These data provided material for a detailed analysis of exactly how individual words develop from first introduction into the pupils’ active vocabulary
Additional file 1 of Transgenerational epigenetic effects from male exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds: a systematic review on research in mammals
Creators: name: Cauwenbergh, Olivia Van
name: Serafino, Alessandra Di
name: Tytgat, Jan
name: Soubry, Adelheid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. List of studied endocrine disrupting compounds. Potential EDCs of category 1. These 194 chemicals are also listed as the European Union's priority list for future evaluation of their role in endocrine disruption [33, 34].
Inflation and late-time accelerated expansion driven by $k$-essence degenerate dynamics
Creators: name: Junior, Alexsandre L. Ferreira
name: Pinto-Neto, Nelson
name: Zanelli, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a k-essence model in which a single scalar field can be responsible for both primordial inflation and the present observed acceleration of the cosmological background geometry, while also admitting a nonsingular de Sitter beginning of the Universe (it arises from de Sitter and ends in de Sitter). The early one is driven by a slow-roll potential, and the late one is driven by a dynamical dimensional reduction process which freezes the scalar field in a degenerate surface, turning it into a cosmological constant. This is done by proposing a realizable stable cosmic time crystal, although giving a different interpretation to the ''moving ground stat'', in which there is no motion because the system loses degrees of freedom. Furthermore, the model is free of pathologies such as propagating superluminal perturbations, negative energies, and perturbation instabilities.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures. Replaced to match published version
Haldane-gap chains in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Essler, Fabian H. L.
name: Affleck, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quasi one dimensional spin-1 Heisenberg chains with crystal field anisotropy in a uniform magnetic field. We determine the dynamical structure factor in various limits and obtain a fairly complete qualitative picture of how it changes with the applied field. In particular, we discuss how the width of the higher energy single magnon modes depends on the field. We consider the effects of a weak interchain coupling. We discuss the relevance of our results for recent neutron scattering experiments on the quasi-1D Haldane-gap compound NDMAP.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures
Factors determining profitability of production of selected agricultural products by 2020
Creators: name: Skarżyńska, Aldona
name: Skarżyńska, Aldona
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: direct costs
subject: projection model
subject: Development trend
subject: production value
subject: yields
subject: production profitability
subject: Cereals
subject: cultivation costs

description: Growing volatility of farming conditions makes farmers resort ever more often to different tools helping them in the decision-making process. What also increases is the demand for results of forecasts and projections which are aimed at encouraging to take up actions to strengthen the development trend considered as favourable or to counteract the one recognised as undesir-able. The results of projections for 2020, prepared under ordinary conditions, i.e. resulting from long-term trends, point to decreasing profitability of winter wheat farming by 2.4 percentage points, and spring barley by 8.6 percentage points given a stronger growth rate of costs over income. For rye and winter rape farming, it is expected that profitability will improve by 6.2 and 4.8 percentage points, respectively. Whereas, the profitability of sugar beet farming will most likely remain at a level similar to the reference years for the projection (2011-2013). Research showed that fluctuations in the selling prices, which are caused by changes over the years, have a stronger impact on the level of income than crop fluctuations. Rye and rape are the most sensitive to crop and price fluctuations. Costs are another important element of profitability account. Among the examined field crops, rye farming was characterized by the great-est sensitivity, which means that a unit change in their level has the strong-est impact on a change in income.
Binary black hole spacetimes with a helical Killing vector
Creators: name: Klein, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary black hole spacetimes with a helical Killing vector, which are discussed as an approximation for the early stage of a binary system, are studied in a projection formalism. In this setting the four dimensional Einstein equations are equivalent to a three dimensional gravitational theory with a $SL(2,\mathbb{C})/SO(1,1)$ sigma model as the material source. The sigma model is determined by a complex Ernst equation. 2+1 decompositions of the 3-metric are used to establish the field equations on the orbit space of the Killing vector. The two Killing horizons of spherical topology which characterize the black holes, the cylinder of light where the Killing vector changes from timelike to spacelike, and infinity are singular points of the equations. The horizon and the light cylinder are shown to be regular singularities, i.e. the metric functions can be expanded in a formal power series in the vicinity. The behavior of the metric at spatial infinity is studied in terms of formal series solutions to the linearized Einstein equations. It is shown that the spacetime is not asymptotically flat in the strong sense to have a smooth null infinity under the assumption that the metric tends asymptotically to the Minkowski metric. In this case the metric functions have an oscillatory behavior in the radial coordinate in a non-axisymmetric setting, the asymptotic multipoles are not defined. The asymptotic behavior of the Weyl tensor near infinity shows that there is no smooth null infinity.
description: to be published in Phys. Rev. D, minor corrections
Additional file 2 of The feasibility and acceptability of an early intervention in primary care to prevent chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in adults: randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: O’Dowd, Hazel
name: Beasant, Lucy
name: Ingram, Jenny
name: Montgomery, Alan
name: Hollingworth, Will
name: Gaunt, Daisy
name: Collin, Simon M.
name: Horne, Sarah
name: Jones, Beth
name: Crawley, Esther
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. CONSORT 2010 checklist of information to include when reporting a pilot or feasibility trial.
Tunable Thermal Expansion Behavior in the Intermetallic YbGaGe
Creators: name: Drymiotis, F. R.
name: Lee, Y.
name: Lawes, G.
name: Lashley, J. C.
name: Kimura, T.
name: Shapiro, S. M.
name: Migliori, A.
name: Correa, V.
name: Fisher, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of carbon and boron doping on the thermal expansion in the hexagonal (P63/mmc) intermetallic YbGaGe. X-ray powder diffraction was used to measure the lattice constants on pure and doped (C or B at nominal levels of 0.5 %) samples from T~10 K to T~300 K. Also measured were resistivity, specific-heat, and magnetic susceptibility. While the pure YbGaGe samples exhibit positive thermal volume expansion, (V300K-V10K)/V300K = 0.94%, the volume expansion in the lightly C and B-doped samples, contract and tend towards zero volume expansion. Such a strong response with such light doping suggests that the underlying mechanism for the reported zero volume expansion is substitutional disorder, and not the previously proposed valence fluctuations.
description: 18 pages including 5 figures and 1 table
Additional file 1 of Genetic diversity in developmental responses to light spectral quality in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Creators: name: Monteagudo, Arantxa
name: Kiss, Tibor
name: Mayer, Marianna
name: Casas, Ana M.
name: Igartua, Ernesto
name: Karsai, Ildikó
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary data
Introduction to Markov Chain Monte Carlo Simulations and their Statistical Analysis
Creators: name: Berg, Bernd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is a tutorial on Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations and their statistical analysis. The theoretical concepts are illustrated through many numerical assignments from the author's book on the subject. Computer code (in Fortran) is available for all subjects covered and can be downloaded from the web.
description: Invited lectures given at the National University of Singapore
title: European Automotive OEMs: leveraging connected technologies and digitalization as a vital prerequisite to sustain Coping with the changing customer demand in a disruptive business environment
Creators: name: Schmidt, Michael
name: Ytsma, Hielke
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Connected Car
subject: Customer Journey
subject: Gen Y & Z
subject: Profitability
subject: Digitalization

description: This Master Thesis will assess the question; how much digitalization, and connected technology is of importance to sustain as an automotive OEM in the long run. Our research focuses on the 3 leading German premium OEMs namely Audi, BMW and Mercedes, a Daimler brand, as we believe they provide a representative picture of the overall OEM's status quo when it comes to applying connected technology and digitization in their vehicles. In addition, we will study whether digitalization and connected technologies are vital prerequisites to be understood and embraced in full by automotive OEMs in order to sustain as a brand, or even as an entire industry. In order to study this and find supporting evidence to confirm our hypothesis, we created a model allowing us to combine the behavior of the customer, the (mega)trends within society, the business structure of the automotive industry as well as the (smart)phone industry and the offerings of the chosen 3 German OEMs. The inputs for this model are based on available datasets provided by global acting research institutes, qualitative analysis, and scientific research papers. By applying the Porter’s 5 Forces (P5F) model to assess the industry and its connected offering, and blending our findings with customer behavior, customer generation assessment, and mega trends influencing the automotive industry, we aim to improve our understanding of where the chosen OEMs and – pars pro toto – the entire automotive industry is situated and heading to, in regard to connected technology. Comparing the automotive industry with the mobile/smartphone industry and its inherent business disruption that occurred starting in the mid-2000s, we intend to transparently showcase both the growing force of the buyer, and the lack of customer understanding leading to new entrants taking over a mature and established market place. Placing a special focus on the upcoming Self-Aware and Self-Centered customer generations (Y & Z), and their disruptive change in purchase behavior, brand perception, and information gathering, will assist in understanding future needs when it comes to creating relevant mobility products for the end customer.
A search for fast pulsars in globular clusters
Creators: name: Bégin, Steve
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Millisecond pulsars (MSP) are old neutron stars that have been spun up to high spin frequencies (as fast as 716 Hz) through the accretion of matter from a companion star. The extreme steller densities in the core of globular clusters creates numerous accreting neutron star systems through exchange interactions: this leads to the formation of MSPs in larger numbers than the galactic disk. Over the course of this project, we have collected over 17 TB of data on the 3 globular clusters M28 NGC6440 and NGC6441 plus 2 observations on NGC6522 and NGC6624 as part of the recently begun S-band survey using the Green Bank telescope. I have analyzed and conducted acceleration searches on 70% of the data and discovered 7 of the 23 new millisecond pulsars reported in this work. One year of timing observations of the pulsars in M28 and NGC6440 has led to the phase connected solution for 12 of the 15 new pulsars in those two clusters, 7 of which are in binaries. We have measured the rate of advance of periastron for two highly eccentric binaries and assuming this is purely due to general relativity, this leads to total system masses of (1.616 ± 0.014)M [circle with central dot] and 2.2 ± 0.8)M [circle with central dot] for M28C and NGC6440B respectively. The small mass function combined with this information imply that the most likely neutron star mass of NGC6440B is either very large or else there could be significant contribution to the advance of periastron from a nonzero quadrupole moment due to tidal interaction with the companion. Measurements of the period derivatives for many of the pulsars show that they are dominated by the dynamical effect of the gravitational field of the clusters. Finally, we have discovered the potential presence of a Mars-mass planet orbiting the pulsar NGC6440C with a period of ~21 days. A dedicated timing campaign will be necessary to confirm the presence of such an object.
Competitiveness of the major types of agricultural holdings in Germany
Creators: name: Kleinhanss, Werner
name: Kleinhanss, Werner
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: opportunity costs in agricultural
subject: factors of production
subject: FNI index
subject: type of farming
subject: structural and economic indices
subject: agricultural
subject: competitiveness index
subject: competitiveness agricultural holdings

description: The paper presents findings of the research on competitiveness of agricultural holdings covered by FADN in Germany in 2004/2005 and 2012/2013. Their competitiveness was assessed with the use of the CI (Competitiveness Index), determined by the rate of income from an agricultural holding to opportunity costs of own factors of production, and the management income category which represents the difference between the income from an agricultural holding and opportunity costs of own factors of production. The competitiveness assessment takes account of the major types of agricultural holdings, their legal forms and regions. The research showed that 40-50% of the German farms covered by the research was able to develop, i.e. was competitive. The best were the results of farms targeted at crop production, followed by dairy farms, and the worst – pig and mixed holdings.
Additional file 1 of How do 66 European institutional review boards approve one protocol for an international prospective observational study on traumatic brain injury? Experiences from the CENTER-TBI study
Creators: name: Timmers, Marjolein
name: Dijck, Jeroen T. J. M. Van
name: Wijk, Roel P. J. Van
name: Legrand, Valerie
name: Veen, Ernest Van
name: Maas, Andrew I. R.
name: Menon, David K.
name: Citerio, Giuseppe
name: Stocchetti, Nino
name: Kompanje, Erwin J. O.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Supplementary files.
Market delimination on the example of the sugar sector
Creators: name: Pietrzak, Michał
name: Mucha, Marcin
name: Pietrzak, Michał
name: Mucha, Marcin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: market delimitation
subject: antitrust authorities
subject: Elzinga-Hogarty method
subject: LOFI/LIFO tests
subject: transnational market
subject: relevant market
subject: merger control
subject: substitutability

description: This paper is aimed at: (1) discussion of the geographical market delimitation, considering the decision-making methods used by antitrust authorities; and (2) verification of the geographical range of the sugar market using the Elzinga-Hogarty test. This market is defined as domestic market in the decisions of the European Commission and Polish antitrust authorities. The comprehensive research (covering ca. 80 countries of the world supplying ca. 98% of the global sugar supply) showed that – in the light of the Elzinga-Hogarty method – most of the countries fail to meet the criteria of the LOFI/LIFO tests, which means that the geographical range of the sugar market is usually transnational. The findings comply – in the gen- eral dimension – with the mainstream of the criticism of the European antitrust authorities for too narrow definition of the markets and, in the detailed dimension – with the opinion of the representatives of the industry and scientists dealing with the sugar sector concerning the transnational range of the sugar market. This controversy points to the need for further research and discussions on the geographical market delimitation. Moreover, the issue should be covered with reference to other agri-food markets – using both the methodology developed with antitrust proceedings in mind, as well as the concepts stemming from strategic management.
title: Development of a method to determine productivity in engineering services for creating lean offers
Creators: name: Laddha, Naresh
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Automotive
subject: Productivity
subject: Engineering service
subject: Lean

description: “The single great challenge... in developed countries of the world is to raise the productivity of knowledge .... This challenge will ultimately determine the competitive performance of companies … and the quality of life in every industrialized nation” (Drucker, 1991, p. 94). The automotive industry is in a fast transition towards clean energy driven powertrains and digitalization. To win the outsourced opportunities from the ‘Original Equipment Manufacturers’ (OEMs), apart from technical competences, ‘leanness of the offers’ is the key for the ‘Engineering Service Providers’ (ESPs). From the well-established principles of lean, this means: ‘deliver customer-defined value by reducing waste’. The measurement of productivity is an important element in the assessment of leanness. The common methods of productivity measurements in the manufacturing sector cannot be applied in the engineering services, due to the highly intangible contents of both output and input. This research: (1) Identifies and analyses the parameters, which constitute the inputs & outputs of an automotive ESP and establishes quantifiable ‘Key Performance Indicators’ (KPIs) of these parameters; (2) Develops a method to analyze an offer for its productiveness; (3) Recommends a framework of proposals to achieve lean offers. The method developed for the productivity measurement was tested using offers of an ESP. The results demonstrate the suitability of the method and its capability in highlighting the areas of improvement in an offer, to make it lean.
Prospects of a Search for Neutral, Long-Lived Particles using Photon Timing at CDF
Creators: name: Wagner, P.
name: Toback, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the prospects of searches for neutral, long-lived particles which decay to photons using their time of arrival measured with a newly installed EMTiming system at CDF. Using GMSB $\tildeχ_{1}^{0}\toγ\tilde{G}$ models we estimate the expected 95% confidence level exclusion regions as a function of the neutralino mass and lifetime. We find that a combination of single photon and diphoton analyses should allow the Tevatron in run II to easily extend the exclusion regions from ALEPH at LEP II, and cover parts of the theoretically favored $m_{\tilde{G}}$ < few keV/c^2 GMSB parameter space.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures; Proceedings for the DPF2004 Conference
Phase transitions in the Haldane-Hubbard model
Creators: name: He, Wan-Xiu
name: Mondaini, Rubem
name: Luo, Hong-Gang
name: Wang, Xiaoqun
name: Hu, Shijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Haldane-Hubbard model is a prime example of the combined effects of band topology and electronic interaction. We revisit its spinful phase diagram at half-filling as a consensus on the presence of SU($2$) symmetry is currently lacking. To start, we utilize the Hartree-Fock mean-field method, which offers a direct understanding of symmetry breaking through the effective mass term that can acquire spin dependence. Our results, in agreement with previous studies, provide an instructive insight into the regime where the Chern number $C=1$, with only one spin species remaining topological. Besides that, we numerically study the phase diagram of the Haldane-Hubbard model via a large-scale infinite-density matrix renormalization group (iDMRG) method. The phase boundaries are determined by the Chern number and the correlation lengths obtained from the transfer-matrix spectrum. Unlike previous studies, the iDMRG method investigates the Haldane-Hubbard model on a thin and infinitely long cylinder and examines scenarios consistent with the two-dimensional thermodynamic limit. Here, the phase diagram we obtained qualitatively goes beyond the Hartree-Fock scope, particularly in the $C=1$ region, and serves as a quantitative benchmark for further theoretical and experimental investigations.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Vacuum effects induced by a plate in de Sitter spacetime in the presence of a cosmic string
Creators: name: Santos, W. Oliveira dos
name: de Mello, E. R. Bezerra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the vacuum expectation values of the field squared and the energy-momentum tensor associated to a charged massive scalar quantum field in a $(1+D)$-dimensional de Sitter spacetime induced by a plate (flat boundary) and a carrying-magnetic-flux cosmic string. In our analysis we admit that the flat boundary is perpendicular to the string, and the scalar field obeys the Robin boundary condition on the plate. In order to do develop this analysis, we obtain the complete set of normalized positive-energy solution of the Klein-Gordon equation compatible with the model setup. Having obtained these bosonic modes, we construct the corresponding Wightman function. The latter is given by the sum of two terms: one associated with the boundary-free spacetime, and the other induced by the flat boundary. Although we have imposed the Robin boundary condition on the field, we apply our formalism considering specifically the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. The corresponding parts have opposite signs. Because the analysis of bosonic vacuum polarization in boundary-free de Sitter space and in presence of a cosmic string, in some sense, has been developed in the literature, here we are mainly interested in the calculations of the effects induced by the boundary. In this way, closed expressions for the corresponding expectation values are provided, as well as their asymptotic behavior in different limiting regions. We show that the conical topology due to the cosmic string enhances the boundary induced vacuum polarization effects for both field squared and the energy-momentum tensor, compared to the case of a boundary in pure de Sitter spacetime. Moreover, the presence of cosmic string and boundary induce non-zero stress along the direction normal to the boundary. The corresponding vacuum force acting on the boundary is also investigated.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures. Revised version accepted for publication in Universe
Spiral-like Holographic Structures: Unwinding Interference Carpets of Coulomb-Distorted Orbits in Strong-Field Ionization
Creators: name: Maxwell, Andrew S
name: Lai, XuanYang
name: Sun, RenPing
name: Liu, XiaoJun
name: Faria, Carla Figueira de Morisson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We unambiguously identify, in experiment and theory, a previously overlooked holographic interference pattern in strong-field ionization, dubbed "the spiral", stemming from two trajectories for which the binding potential and the laser field are equally critical. We show that, due to strong interaction with the core, these trajectories are optimal tools for probing the target \textbf{after} ionization and for revealing obfuscated phases in the initial bound states. The spiral is shown to be responsible for interference carpets, formerly attributed to direct above-threshold ionization trajectories, and we show the carpet-interference condition is a general property due to the field symmetry.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Rare top quark and Higgs boson decays in Alternative Left-Right Symmetric Models
Creators: name: Gaitan, R.
name: Miranda, O. G.
name: Cabral-Rosetti, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Top quark and Higgs boson decays induced by flavor-changing neutra currents (FCNC) are very much suppressed in the Standard Model (SM). Their detection in colliders like the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), Next Linear Collider (NLC) or Tevatron would be a signal of new physics. We evaluate the FCNC decays t \to H^0 + c, t \to Z + c, and H^0 \to t + {\bar c} in the context of Alternative Left-Right symmetric Models (ALRM) with extra isosinglet heavy fermions; in this case, FCNC decays occurs at tree-level and they are only suppressed by the mixing between ordinary top and charm quarks, which is poorly constraint by current experimental values. This provides the possibility for future colliders, either to detect new physics, or to improve present bounds on the parameters of the model.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. Change in title to fit with version published in Phys. Rev. D
The Three Hundred Project: Mapping The Matter Distribution in Galaxy Clusters Via Deep Learning from Multiview Simulated Observations
Creators: name: de Andres, Daniel
name: Cui, Weiguang
name: Yepes, Gustavo
name: De Petris, Marco
name: Ferragamo, Antonio
name: De Luca, Federico
name: Aversano, Gianmarco
name: Rennehan, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A galaxy cluster as the most massive gravitationally-bound object in the Universe, is dominated by Dark Matter, which unfortunately can only be investigated through its interaction with the luminous baryons with some simplified assumptions that introduce an un-preferred bias. In this work, we, {\it for the first time}, propose a deep learning method based on the U-Net architecture, to directly infer the projected total mass density map from idealised observations of simulated galaxy clusters at multi-wavelengths. The model is trained with a large dataset of simulated images from clusters of {\sc The Three Hundred Project}. Although Machine Learning (ML) models do not depend on the assumptions of the dynamics of the intra-cluster medium, our whole method relies on the choice of the physics implemented in the hydrodynamic simulations, which is a limitation of the method. Through different metrics to assess the fidelity of the inferred density map, we show that the predicted total mass distribution is in very good agreement with the true simulated cluster. Therefore, it is not surprising to see the integrated halo mass is almost unbiased, around 1 per cent for the best result from multiview, and the scatter is also very small, basically within 3 per cent. This result suggests that this ML method provides an alternative and more accessible approach to reconstructing the overall matter distribution in galaxy clusters, which can complement the lensing method.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, published in MNRAS
Prompting Video-Language Foundation Models with Domain-specific Fine-grained Heuristics for Video Question Answering
Creators: name: Yu, Ting
name: Fu, Kunhao
name: Wang, Shuhui
name: Huang, Qingming
name: Yu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Video Question Answering (VideoQA) represents a crucial intersection between video understanding and language processing, requiring both discriminative unimodal comprehension and sophisticated cross-modal interaction for accurate inference. Despite advancements in multi-modal pre-trained models and video-language foundation models, these systems often struggle with domain-specific VideoQA due to their generalized pre-training objectives. Addressing this gap necessitates bridging the divide between broad cross-modal knowledge and the specific inference demands of VideoQA tasks. To this end, we introduce HeurVidQA, a framework that leverages domain-specific entity-action heuristics to refine pre-trained video-language foundation models. Our approach treats these models as implicit knowledge engines, employing domain-specific entity-action prompters to direct the model's focus toward precise cues that enhance reasoning. By delivering fine-grained heuristics, we improve the model's ability to identify and interpret key entities and actions, thereby enhancing its reasoning capabilities. Extensive evaluations across multiple VideoQA datasets demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms existing models, underscoring the importance of integrating domain-specific knowledge into video-language models for more accurate and context-aware VideoQA.
description: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Fermionic states in pure 4D deconstruction
Creators: name: Hung, P. Q.
name: Tran, Ngoc-Khanh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the structure of fermionic mass eigenstates in a pure four-dimensional deconstruction approach. Unlike the case with the usual higher dimensional deconstruction (or latticized extra dimension), here the doubling of fermionic degrees of freedom is physical, thus there is no need to invoke Wilson terms to eliminate them. The fermionic structure is shaped by two key factors, namely the boundary conditions on fermions and the ratio of two breaking scales involved. The singular value decomposition theorem of linear algebra is employed to shed light into the phenomenologically crucial role of chiral boundary conditions. In this approach, we can explain the "localization" or "delocalization" nature of fermionic zero mode in flavor space and obtain analytically all higher modes. The application of boundary conditions on fermions to the implementation of CKM quark mixing is also found.
description: 25 pages, discussion expanded, new references added, version to appear in Physical Review D
COMMUNITY SUPPORTED AGRICULTURE ALS NEUER IMPULS FÜR DIE REGIONALVERMARKTUNG? STAND DER FORSCHUNG UND ABGRENZUNG VON ANDEREN ALTERNATIVEN LEBENSMITTELNETZWERKEN
Creators: name: Wellner, Marie
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
name: Wellner, Marie
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Erzeuger-Verbraucher-Gemeinschaft
subject: lokale Versorgungsstrukturen
subject: Entwicklung von Community Supported Agriculture
subject: landwirtschaftliche Nischenstrategie

description: Alternative Lebensmittelnetzwerke (ALN), wie Community Supported Agriculture (CSA), Urban Agriculture oder Abo- und Lieferdienste, breiten sich zunehmend in urbanen Ballungsräumen und deren Umfeld aus. Mit einem regionalen Lebensmittelangebot, das Verbrauchern durch eine kurze Wertschöpfungskette den direkten Kontakt zur Lebensmittelproduktion ermöglicht, versprechen ALN eine hohe Transparenz sowie positive ökologische, soziale und ökonomische Effekte auf den urbanen, den peri-urbanen sowie den ruralen Raum. Die Beziehung zwischen Konsumenten und Verbrauchern sowie zwischen Stadt und Land wird im besonderen Maß durch das CSA-Konzept gestärkt, das in der deutschen Wissenschaft bisher kaum Beachtung gefunden hat. Anhand einer Literaturanalyse gibt der Beitrag eine Übersicht zum gegenwärtigen Stand der Forschung zu ALN und CSA. Die Abgrenzung der einzelnen ALN ermöglicht es erstmals, das Forschungsgebiet eindeutig zu umreißen. Anschließend werden die Kernelemente des CSA-Konzepts vor dem Hintergrund der Regionalvermarktung dargestellt und ein Ausblick über den weiteren Forschungsbedarf gegeben.
WAS BEDINGT DIE BEREITSCHAFT DEUTSCHER MILCHERZEUGER ZUR TEILNAHME AN EINEM NACHHALTIGKEITSSTANDARD? ERGEBNISSE EINER EMPIRISCHEN UNTERSUCHUNG
Creators: name: Luhmann, Henrike
name: Schape, Christian
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
name: Weiland, Ingke
name: Luhmann, Henrike
name: Schape, Christian
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
name: Weiland, Ingke
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Milchbranche
subject: Nachhaltigkeitsstandard
subject: Teilnahmebereitschaft
subject: Regressionsanalyse

description: Die deutsche Milchindustrie zählt zu den umsatzstärksten Sektoren der Land- und Ernährungswirtschaft und nimmt innerhalb der EU-28 eine führende Stellung ein. Gleichzeitig steht die Milchbranche vielfältigen Herausforderungen gegenüber, wie bspw. volatilen Märkten, einer hohen Intensität des internationalen Wettbewerbs, einem marktmächtigen Lebensmitteleinzelhandel und einer wachsenden Kritik der Gesellschaft an den Tierwohlstandards und Umweltwirkungen der Milchproduktion. Das Konzept eines Nachhaltigkeitsstandards kann vor diesem Hintergrund ein Instrument darstellen, um Wettbewerbsvorteile zu generieren und auf gesellschaftliche Ansprüche an die Milchproduktion zu reagieren. Vorliegende Studien zeigen, dass die erfolgreiche Implementierung eines betrieblichen Nachhaltigkeitsmanagements eng mit der Innovationsbereitschaft sowie den Motiven von Landwirten verbunden ist. Welche dieser Einflussfaktoren die Einführung eines Nachhaltigkeitsstandards in der Milchproduktion bedingen, ist bisher allerdings nicht näher untersucht worden und daher Gegenstand dieser Studie. 226 Landwirte sind befragt worden, um ihre Bereitschaft zur Implementierung eines Nachhaltigkeitsstandards zu erfassen und die auf die Teilnahmebereitschaft wirkenden Motive und ihre Innovationsbereitschaft zu analysieren. Die Ergebnisse der durchgeführten Untersuchung zeigen, dass insbesondere finanzielle Motive, die Wahrnehmung gesellschaftlicher Forderungen und eine hohe Innovationsbereitschaft einen Einfluss auf die Teilnahmebereitschaft der Landwirte haben. Aus der Studie können Handlungsempfehlungen für Molkereien, die einen Nachhaltigkeitsstandard für die Milchproduktion einführen wollen, abgeleitet werden.
Additional file 5 of Terminating contamination: large-scale search identifies more than 2,000,000 contaminated entries in GenBank
Creators: name: Steinegger, Martin
name: Salzberg, Steven L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5 Review history.
Spatial homogeneity of optically switched semiconductor photonic crystals and of bulk semiconductors
Creators: name: Euser, Tijmen G.
name: Vos, Willem L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper discusses free carrier generation by pulsed laser fields as a mechanism to switch the optical properties of semiconductor photonic crystals and bulk semiconductors on an ultrafast time scale. Requirements are set for the switching magnitude, the time-scale, the induced absorption as well as the spatial homogeneity, in particular for silicon at lambda= 1550 nm. Using a nonlinear absorption model, we calculate carrier depth profiles and define a homogeneity length l_hom. Homogeneity length contours are visualized in a plane spanned by the linear and two-photon absorption coefficients. Such a generalized homogeneity plot allows us to find optimum switching conditions at pump frequencies near v/c= 5000 cm^{-1} (lambda= 2000 nm). We discuss the effect of scattering in photonic crystals on the homogeneity. We experimentally demonstrate a 10% refractive index switch in bulk silicon within 230 fs with a lateral homogeneity of more than 30 micrometers. Our results are relevant for switching of modulators in absence of photonic crystals.
The Evolution of Supernovae in Circumstellar Wind-Blown Bubbles I. Introduction and One-Dimensional Calculations
Creators: name: Dwarkadas, Vikram V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mass loss from massive stars ($\ga 8 \msun$) can result in the formation of circumstellar wind blown cavities surrounding the star, bordered by a thin, dense, cold shell. When the star explodes as a core-collapse supernova (SN), the resulting shock wave will interact with this modified medium around the star, rather than the interstellar medium. In this work we first explore the nature of the circumstellar medium around massive stars in various evolutionary stages. This is followed by a study of the evolution of SNe within these wind-blown bubbles. The evolution depends primarily on a single parameter $Λ$, the ratio of the mass of the dense shell to that of the ejected material. We investigate the evolution for different values of this parameter. We also plot approximate X-ray surface brightness plots from the simulations. Our results show that in many cases the SN remnant spends a significant amount of time within the bubble. The low density within the bubble can delay the onset of the Sedov stage, and may end up reducing the amount of time spent in the Sedov stage. The complicated density profile within the bubble makes it difficult to infer the mass-loss properties of the pre-SN star by studying the evolution of the resulting supernova remnant.
description: 42 pages, 13 figures. Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal, Sept 2004