cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Hyperbolic-Elliptic Systems in the Bounded Domain
Creators: name: Chemetov, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35D05, 35L60, 78A25, 92C17

description: In the article we study a hyperbolic-elliptic system of PDE. The system can describe two different physical phenomena: 1st one is the motion of magnetic vortices in the II-type superconductor and 2nd one \ is the collective motion of cells. Motivated by real physics, we consider this system with boundary conditions, describing the flux of vortices (and cells, respectively) through the boundary of the domain. We prove the global solvability of this problem.\ To show the solvability result we use a "viscous" parabolic-elliptic system. Since the viscous solutions do not have a compactness property, we justify the limit transition on a vanishing viscosity, using a kinetic formulation of our problem. As the final result of all considerations we have solved a very important question related with a so-called "boundary layer problem", showing the strong convergence of the viscous solutions to the solution of our hyperbolic-elliptic system.
Airport Barriers to Entry
Creators: name: Dresner, Martin
name: Windle, Robert
name: Yao, Yuliang
name: Dresner, Martin
name: Windle, Robert
name: Yao, Yuliang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 42nd Transportation Research Forum meeting, Nov.29-Dec.1, 2000, Annapolis, MD
The Battle for Air Canada: Will Global Alliances Dominate Domestic Policy?
Creators: name: Kaduck, Raymon
name: Pustay, Michael
name: Kaduck, Raymon
name: Pustay, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 42nd Transportation Research Forum meeting, Nov.29-Dec.1, 2000, Annapolis, MD
Revolutionary Change for Public Transportation: The Small Aircraft Transportation System
Creators: name: Bowen, Brent
name: Hansen, Frederick D.
name: Holmes, Bruce
name: Bowen, Brent
name: Hansen, Frederick D.
name: Holmes, Bruce
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 42nd Transportation Research Forum meeting, Nov.29-Dec.1, 2000, Annapolis, MD
title: Intertwined Histories and Ecologies: Early architectural and hydraulic treatises and practices in the Venetian Region.
Creators: name: Toscani, Chiara
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023

description: Looking critically at ecology, contemporary thinkers such as Bruno Latour, Philippe Descola, and Maria Puig de la Bellacasa make a case that the idea of nature has changed throughout history. This requires a new perspective that overcomes established divisions between humans and non-humans, moving beyond the dualism of nature and culture. Their contributions emphasise a new philosophical framework for an ecological vision that suggests alternate ways of working through them.


 To define an imaginary narrative for cities and their territories, the thesis adopts the lens of the Arcadian discourse, meant as a narrative, historical and conceptual tool for unearthing ecological concepts in history according to three dimensions: the physical, the political, and the symbolic. Coined by Donald Worster through reading Gilbert White’s works, and rooted in Virgil’s works, this definition embodies a sympathetic approach towards nature, posing an alternative to imperialist approaches that assert dominion over nature.


This research focuses on the historical period between the 15th and 17th centuries, corresponding to rhetorical Arcadian naturalism in architecture, just before what Manfredo Tafuri defined as Enlightenment naturalism, and to the revival of the Arcadian genre in Italian literary works. Among these, Theogenius by Leon Battista Alberti explores a conception of nature that echoes Arcadian components in terms of their implications for architectural theory. Subsequent comparison with Daniele Barbaro’s Commentary provides an opportunity to move from the world of abstract ideas to the concrete matter of fact of Venice and its surrounding territory, which had always experienced the negative impacts of human beings on their environment. 


Situating these discourses and their effects in the reading of early hydraulic theories, projects, visual and graphic representations, laws, and human and non-human stories related to Venice’s practices of land and water management, the re-articulation of contemporary ecological concerns has been prompted through a historical lens.
Low-Energy Signals from Kinetic Mixing with a Warped Abelian Hidden Sector
Creators: name: McDonald, Kristian L.
name: Morrissey, David E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the detailed phenomenology of a light Abelian hidden sector in the Randall-Sundrum framework. Relative to other works with light hidden sectors, the main new feature is a tower of hidden Kaluza-Klein vectors that kinetically mix with the Standard Model photon and Z. We investigate the decay properties of the hidden sector fields in some detail, and develop an approach for calculating processes initiated on the ultraviolet brane of a warped space with large injection momentum relative to the infrared scale. Using these results, we determine the detailed bounds on the light warped hidden sector from precision electroweak measurements and low-energy experiments. We find viable regions of parameter space that lead to significant production rates for several of the hidden Kaluza-Klein vectors in meson factories and fixed-target experiments. This offers the possibility of exploring the structure of an extra spacetime dimension with lower-energy probes.
description: (1+32) Pages, 13 Figures. v2: JHEP version (minor modifications, results unchanged)
Isotropisation at small scales of rotating helically-driven turbulence
Creators: name: Mininni, P. D.
name: Rosenberg, D.
name: Pouquet, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical evidence of how three-dimensionalization occurs at small scale in rotating turbulence with Beltrami (ABC) forcing, creating helical flow. The Zeman scale $\ell_Ω$ at which the inertial and eddy turn-over times are equal is more than one order of magnitude larger than the dissipation scale, with the relevant domains (large-scale inverse cascade of energy, dual regime in the direct cascade of energy $E$ and helicity $H$, and dissipation) each moderately resolved. These results stem from the analysis of a large direct numerical simulation on a grid of $3072^3$ points, with Rossby and Reynolds numbers respectively equal to 0.07 and $2.7\times 10^4$. At scales smaller than the forcing, a helical wave-modulated inertial law for the energy and helicity spectra is followed beyond $\ell_Ω$ by Kolmogorov spectra for $E$ and $H$. Looking at the two-dimensional slow manifold, we also show that the helicity spectrum breaks down at $\ell_Ω$, a clear sign of recovery of three-dimensionality in the small scales.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
The Friedmann equation in modified entropy-area relation from entropy force
Creators: name: Liu, Bin
name: Dai, Yun-Chuan
name: Hu, Xian-Ru
name: Deng, Jian-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the formal holographic principle, a modification to the assumption of holographic principle in Verlinder's investigation of entropy force is obtained. A more precise relation between entropy and area in the holographic system is proposed. With the entropy corrections to the area-relation, we derivate Newton's laws and Einstein equation with a static spherically symmetric holographic screen. Furthermore we derived the correction terms to the modified Friedmann equation of the FRW universe starting from the holographic principle and the Debye model.
description: Mod. Phys. Lett. A26, 489-500 (2011)
title:   MIGRANT-ACTIVIST EVIDENTIARY PRACTICES IN THE AEGEAN SEA
Creators: name: Abbott, Beatrice
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 1.5
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: This project examines digital maps and images made by migrants and activists traversing or helping others to traverse the Greek-Turkish maritime border in 2015 and early 2016, when over a million people arrived to European shores, mostly by way of the Aegean Sea. These maps were made using applications such as Google Maps, Bing Maps, Maps.me, and WhatsApp and circulated on public Facebook groups and pages. Through a visual analysis of these digital artifacts, I look at how they can be read to witness and contest deadly border geographies produced through migratory policies and practices of deterrence. Further, I argue that these map and image making practices innovate new evidentiary forms with which to visualize border space and document the violence inflicted there. Approaching migrant-activists as creative and adept cartographers, the resulting map artifacts this project examines are sites where aesthetic border politics, critical cartography, and counter-forensic practice come together in generative ways.
description: 2023 Beatrice A. Abbott
Nine Box Ethical Open-Source License (NBEOSL) - Version 1.4
Creators: name: Meira Costa, João Lucas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: ## Nine Box Ethical Open-Source License (NBEOSL) - Version 1.4

The filename is **"Nine Box Ethical Open-Source License (NBEOSL).md"**, but the document version inside is **Version 1.4**.  

### 🔒 SHA-256 Hash Verification:To verify the integrity of this document, compare the SHA-256 hash below:

1b7b09538cc01c59ec3d652727525f38e3d77fd8365a2a773ce42ca2b2f1716e

### 🔹 How to Verify:Run the following command after downloading:

```bashsha256sum "Nine Box Ethical Open-Source License (NBEOSL).md"
The next-generation liquid-scintillator neutrino observatory LENA
Creators: name: Wurm, Michael
name: Beacom, John F.
name: Bezrukov, Leonid B.
name: Bick, Daniel
name: Blümer, Johannes
name: Choubey, Sandhya
name: Ciemniak, Christian
name: D'Angelo, Davide
name: Dasgupta, Basudeb
name: Dighe, Amol
name: Domogatsky, Grigorij
name: Dye, Steve
name: Eliseev, Sergey
name: Enqvist, Timo
name: Erykalov, Alexey
name: von Feilitzsch, Franz
name: Fiorentini, Gianni
name: Fischer, Tobias
name: Göger-Neff, Marianne
name: Grabmayr, Peter
name: Hagner, Caren
name: Hellgartner, Dominikus
name: Hissa, Johannes
name: Horiuchi, Shunsaku
name: Janka, Hans-Thomas
name: Jaupart, Claude
name: Jochum, Josef
name: Kalliokoski, Tuomo
name: Kuusiniemi, Pasi
name: Lachenmaier, Tobias
name: Lazanu, Ionel
name: Learned, John G.
name: Lewke, Timo
name: Lombardi, Paolo
name: Lorenz, Sebastian
name: Lubsandorzhiev, Bayarto
name: Ludhova, Livia
name: Loo, Kai
name: Maalampi, Jukka
name: Mantovani, Fabio
name: Marafini, Michela
name: Maricic, Jelena
name: Undagoitia, Teresa Marrodán
name: McDonough, William F.
name: Miramonti, Lino
name: Mirizzi, Alessandro
name: Meindl, Quirin
name: Mena, Olga
name: Möllenberg, Randolph
name: Nahnhauer, Rolf
name: Nesterenko, Dmitry
name: Novikov, Yuri N.
name: Nuijten, Guido
name: Oberauer, Lothar
name: Pakvasa, Sandip
name: Palomares-Ruiz, Sergio
name: Pallavicini, Marco
name: Pascoli, Silvia
name: Patzak, Thomas
name: Peltoniemi, Juha
name: Potzel, Walter
name: Räihä, Tomi
name: Raffelt, Georg G.
name: Ranucci, Gioacchino
name: Razzaque, Soebur
name: Rummukainen, Kari
name: Sarkamo, Juho
name: Sinev, Valerij
name: Spiering, Christian
name: Stahl, Achim
name: Thorne, Felicitas
name: Tippmann, Marc
name: Tonazzo, Alessandra
name: Trzaska, Wladyslaw H.
name: Vergados, John D.
name: Wiebusch, Christopher
name: Winter, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the liquid-scintillator detector LENA (Low Energy Neutrino Astronomy) as a next-generation neutrino observatory on the scale of 50 kt. The outstanding successes of the Borexino and KamLAND experiments demonstrate the large potential of liquid-scintillator detectors in low-energy neutrino physics. LENA's physics objectives comprise the observation of astrophysical and terrestrial neutrino sources as well as the investigation of neutrino oscillations. In the GeV energy range, the search for proton decay and long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments complement the low-energy program. Based on the considerable expertise present in European and international research groups, the technical design is sufficiently mature to allow for an early start of detector realization.
description: Whitepaper for the LENA low-energy neutrino detector, 67 pages, 32 figures
Neutron stars in generalized f(R) gravity
Creators: name: Santos, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85A15

description: Quartic gravity theory is considered with the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangean $R+aR^{2}+bR_{μν}R^{μν},$ $R_{μν}$ being Ricciś tensor and R the curvature scalar. The parameters $a$ and $b$ are taken of order 1 km$^{2}.$ Arguments are given which suggest that the effective theory so obtained may be a plausible approximation of a viable theory. A numerical integration is performed of the field equations for a free neutron gas. As in the standard Oppenheimer-Volkoff calculation the star mass increases with increasing central density until about 1 solar mass and then decreases. However a dramatic difference exists in the behaviour of the baryon number, which increases monotonically. The calculation suggests that the theory allows stars in equilibrium with arbitrary baryon number, no matter how large.
description: Keywords: stars, neutron stars; gravity; modified gravity Accepted in Astrophysics and Space Science
ENJOI Final event in Brussels and Bolonia
Creators: name: Conti, Francesca
name: Salandin, Tanja
name: Bonelli, Giulia
name: Tola, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ENJOI
science communication
journalism
events
dissemination
co-creation

description: The ENJOI final event was crucial for communicating and disseminating the project results. The last phase of the communication and dissemination strategy entailed close communication and strengthening the bonds with key actors. Dissemination and communication were focused on maintaining stakeholders' engagement and preparing the ground for a long-lasting legacy from where future projects and initiatives could emerge and build up. At the end of the project, the results were disseminated during two events inviting journalists, science communication practitioners, EC officers, the scientific community, and representatives of the quadruple helix stakeholders.
To maximise the impact of disseminating the project results, an ENJOI Policy event was organised in Brussels in October 2023, to engage and inform policymakers about ENJOI's results, outcomes and future steps. During this event, the project outcomes were presented to all relevant stakeholders, with the opportunity to organise a collaborative and participatory session in collaboration with relevant partners, where the policy recommendations were discussed and finalised.
In November 2023, the two-day ENJOI Final event was hosted in Bologna to reinforce the ENJOI community in the Mediterranean area and discuss about engagement as a key asset of innovation in (science) journalism.
During both the final events, the public launch of the ENJOI Observatory as a reference platform for SPIs, Manifesto, guidelines, recommendations and practical tools for the realisation of OOSC.
This report describes all the details of the events organised.
Charged spin textures over the Moore-Read quantum Hall state
Creators: name: Romers, Jesper
name: Huijse, Liza
name: Schoutens, Kareljan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study charged spin textures (CST) over the Moore-Read quantum Hall state at filling factor 5/2. We develop an algebraic framework and show that the pairing condition that is inherent in the Moore-Read state naturally leads to a class of charged spin textures, labeled by winding numbers [w_I, w_II]. The fundamental CST, with labels [1,0] and electric charge e/4, is identified with the polar core vortex known in the spin-1 BEC literature. The spin texture carried by the fusion product of fundamental CSTs is correlated with the fusion channel of the underlying non-Abelian quasiholes.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Update rate, accuracy, and age of information in a wireless sensor network
Creators: name: Dai, Xinlu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Age of Information (AoI), namely the time that has elapsed since the most recently delivered packet was generated, is receiving increasing attention with the emergence of many real-time applications that rely on the exchange of time-sensitive information. AoI captures the freshness of the information from the perspective of the destination. The term “accuracy of information” is introduced in this thesis to assess how close the information estimated by the destination is to the information monitored by the sensor. The mean squared error (MSE) between the estimate and the information being tracked by the sensor is used to evaluate the accuracy of information. In this thesis, we consider a single-sensor wireless network with this sensor monitoring a time-sensitive physical process, which is modelled as a random walk. The update scheme is that whenever the state of the underlying random walk changes by more than a specified amount, the sensor generates a status update packet and transmits it instantly to the destination over an error-free channel. When there are no status updates, the destination assumes the status is the same as what it received most recently. We address the problem of finding the minimum update rate under AoI and accuracy of information constraints. More specifically, we develop methods to derive analytical expressions for the three metrics: the update rate, the AoI, and the MSE. As expected, the AoI and the MSE decrease with the update rate. The analytical results are verified by using Monte-Carlo simulation experiments.
So, Just What Are the Benefits of Rural Transit and How Can We Measure Them?
Creators: name: Painter, Kathleen
name: Casavant, Kenneth
name: Scott, Robert Douglass
name: Painter, Kathleen
name: Casavant, Kenneth
name: Scott, Robert Douglass
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 42nd Transportation Research Forum meeting, Nov.29-Dec.1, 2000, Annapolis, MD
Bianchi spaces and their 3-dimensional isometries as S-expansions of 2-dimensional isometries
Creators: name: Caroca, Ricardo
name: Kondrashuk, Igor
name: Merino, Nelson
name: Nadal, Felip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we show that some 3-dimensional isometry algebras, specifically those of type I, II, III and V (according Bianchi's classification), can be obtained as expansions of the isometries in 2 dimensions. It is shown that in general more than one semigroup will lead to the same result. It is impossible to obtain the algebras of type IV, VI-IX as an expansion from the isometry algebras in 2 dimensions. This means that the first set of algebras has properties that can be obtained from isometries in 2 dimensions while the second set has properties that are in some sense intrinsic in 3 dimensions. All the results are checked with computer programs. This procedure can be generalized to higher dimensions, which could be useful for diverse physical applications.
description: 23 pages, one of the authors is new, title corrected, finite semigroup programming is added, the semigroup construction procedure is checked by computer programs, references to semigroup programming are added, last section is extended, appendix added, discussion of all the types of Bianchi spaces is included
Probability distribution function of dipolar field in two-dimensional spin ensemble
Creators: name: Panov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically determine the probability distribution function of the net field of the random planar structure of dipoles which represent polarized particles. At small surface concentrations c of the point dipoles this distribution is expressed in terms of special functions. At the surface concentrations of the dipoles as high as 0.6 the dipolar field obey the Gaussian law. To obtain the distribution function within transitional region c<0.6, we propose the method based on the cumulant expansion. We calculate the parameters of the distributions for some specific configurations of the dipoles. The distribution functions of the ordered ensembles of the dipoles at the low and moderate surface concentrations have asymmetric shape with respect to distribution medians. The distribution functions allow to calculate various physical parameters of two-dimensional interacting nanoparticle ensembles.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Multidimensional spline integration of scattered data
Creators: name: Endrodi, Gergely
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a numerical method for reconstructing a multidimensional surface using the gradient of the surface measured at some values of the coordinates. The method consists of defining a multidimensional spline function and minimizing the deviation between its derivatives and the measured gradient. Unlike a multidimensional integration along some path, the present method results in a continuous, smooth surface, furthermore, it also applies to input data that are non-equidistant and not aligned on a rectangular grid. Function values, first and second derivatives and integrals are easy to calculate. The proper estimation of the statistical and systematical errors is also incorporated in the method.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Open or Closed? Access and the Regulatory Future of the Canadian Rail Industry
Creators: name: Nolan, James
name: Fulton, Murray
name: Nolan, James
name: Fulton, Murray
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 42nd Transportation Research Forum meeting, Nov.29-Dec.1, 2000, Annapolis, MD
Lindblad resonance torques in relativistic discs: I. Basic equations
Creators: name: Hirata, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lindblad resonances have been suggested as an important mechanism for angular momentum transport and heating in discs in binary black hole systems. We present the basic equations for the torque and heating rate for relativistic thin discs subjected to a perturbation. The Lindblad resonance torque is written explicitly in terms of metric perturbations for an equatorial disc in a general axisymmetric, time-stationary spacetime with a plane of symmetry. We show that the resulting torque formula is gauge-invariant. Computations for the Schwarzschild and Kerr spacetimes are presented in the companion paper.
description: Matches MNRAS accepted version
Lindblad resonance torques in relativistic discs: II. Computation of resonance strengths
Creators: name: Hirata, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fully relativistic computation of the torques due to Lindblad resonances from perturbers on circular, equatorial orbits on discs around Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes. The computation proceeds by establishing a relation between the Lindblad torques and the gravitational waveforms emitted by the perturber and a test particle in a slightly eccentric orbit at the radius of the Lindblad resonance. We show that our result reduces to the usual formula when taking the nonrelativistic limit. Discs around a black hole possess an m=1 inner Lindblad resonance with no Newtonian Keplerian analogue; however its strength is very weak even in the moderately relativistic regime (r/M ~ few tens), which is in part due to the partial cancellation of the two leading contributions to the resonant amplitude (the gravitoelectric octupole and gravitomagnetic quadrupole). For equatorial orbits around Kerr black holes, we find that the m=1 ILR strength is enhanced for retrograde spins and suppressed for prograde spins. We also find that the torque associated with the m>=2 inner Lindblad resonances is enhanced relative to the nonrelativistic case; the enhancement is a factor of 2 for the Schwarzschild hole even when the perturber is at a radius of 25M.
description: matches MNRAS accepted version
Galaxy Properties from the Ultra-violet to the Far-Infrared: Lambda-CDM models confront observations
Creators: name: Somerville, R. S.
name: Gilmore, R. C.
name: Primack, J. R.
name: Dominguez, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation with simple analytic recipes describing the absorption and re-emission of starlight by dust in the interstellar medium of galaxies. We use the resulting models to predict galaxy counts and luminosity functions from the far-ultraviolet to the sub-mm, from redshift five to the present, and compare with an extensive compilation of observations. We find that in order to reproduce the rest-UV and optical luminosity functions at high redshift, we must assume an evolving normalization in the dust-to-metal ratio, implying that galaxies of a given bolometric luminosity (or metal column density) must be less extinguished than their local counterparts. In our best-fit model, we find remarkably good agreement with observations from rest-frame 1500 Angstroms to 250 microns. At longer wavelengths, most dramatically in the sub-mm, our models underpredict the number of bright galaxies by a large factor. The models reproduce the observed total IR luminosity function fairly well. We show the results of varying several ingredients of the models, including various aspects of the dust attenuation recipe, the dust emission templates, and the cosmology. We use our models to predict the integrated Extragalactic Background Light (EBL), and compare with an observationally-motivated EBL model and with other available observational constraints.
description: 27 pages, 17 figures, 1 table, accepted to MNRAS, this version matches accepted manuscript
Bianchi I model in terms of nonstandard loop quantum cosmology: Quantum dynamics
Creators: name: Malkiewicz, Przemyslaw
name: Piechocki, Wlodzimierz
name: Dzierzak, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the quantum Bianchi I model in the setting of the nonstandard loop quantum cosmology. Elementary observables are used to quantize the volume operator. The spectrum of the volume operator is bounded from below and discrete. The discreteness may imply a foamy structure of spacetime at semiclassical level. The results are described in terms of a free parameter specifying loop geometry to be determined in astro-cosmo observations. An evolution of the quantum model is generated by the so-called true Hamiltonian, which enables an introduction of a time parameter valued in the set of all real numbers.
description: 18 pages, version accepted for publication by Class. Quant. Grav
Exploring beginning teachers’ agency : a case study of three Chinese secondary school teachers
Creators: name: Chen, Jiewei
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: The purpose of this research was to explore beginning teachers’ agency at a time of curriculum reform in China and in the context of an early-career mentoring program. Guided by a subject-centered sociocultural approach (Eteläpelto, Vähäsantanen, Hökkä, & Paloniemi, 2013), this qualitative study utilized a case study design. Data sources included semi-structured interviews with three secondary school chemistry teachers, signed mentorship agreement documents, and reflective mentoring/teaching journals. The findings revealed different forms of novice teachers’ agency in educational change, i.e., proactive agency and passive agency, manifested as acceptance and resistance to curriculum change. Beginning teachers’ pedagogical decisions and actions were the result of their critical analysis of multiple factors. On the one hand, school culture and structure must be carefully considered if agency is to be realized in a professional setting. Specifically, sociocultural factors included the status of the exam-oriented education system, mentor power, and work cultures. On the other hand, although novice teachers were embedded in similar sociocultural contexts, their identity impacted the different ways in which they exercised their agency. This study strongly supported the interrelationship between teacher agency and teacher identity. Teacher identity factors involved work history and experience, professional knowledge and competence, professional commitment, motivations and interests, and professional goals and ideals. This study provides rich perspectives on beginning teachers’ agency and its manifestations in the context of curriculum reform and in relation to early-career mentoring; findings serve as a strong scaffold for future research on how mentoring better promotes novice teachers’ agency and ultimately, professional development. The findings also offer lessons for those interested in investigating novice teachers’ agency in other educational settings undergoing similar changes.
High-resolution simulations of planetesimal formation in turbulent protoplanetary discs
Creators: name: Johansen, Anders
name: Klahr, Hubert
name: Henning, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution computer simulations of dust dynamics and planetesimal formation in turbulence generated by the magnetorotational instability. We show that the turbulent viscosity associated with magnetorotational turbulence in a non-stratified shearing box increases when going from 256^3 to 512^3 grid points in the presence of a weak imposed magnetic field, yielding a turbulent viscosity of $α\approx0.003$ at high resolution. Particles representing approximately meter-sized boulders concentrate in large-scale high-pressure regions in the simulation box. The appearance of zonal flows and particle concentration in pressure bumps is relatively similar at moderate (256^3) and high (512^3) resolution. In the moderate-resolution simulation we activate particle self-gravity at a time when there is little particle concentration, in contrast with previous simulations where particle self-gravity was activated during a concentration event. We observe that bound clumps form over the next ten orbits, with initial birth masses of a few times the dwarf planet Ceres. At high resolution we activate self-gravity during a particle concentration event, leading to a burst of planetesimal formation, with clump masses ranging from a significant fraction of to several times the mass of Ceres. We present a new domain decomposition algorithm for particle-mesh schemes. Particles are spread evenly among the processors and the local gas velocity field and assigned drag forces are exchanged between a domain-decomposed mesh and discrete blocks of particles. We obtain good load balancing on up to 4096 cores even in simulations where particles sediment to the mid-plane and concentrate in pressure bumps.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, with some changes in response to referee report
Increasing the Fine Structure Visibility of the Hinode SOT Ca II H Filtergrams
Creators: name: Tavabi, E.
name: Koutchmy, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the improved so-called Madmax (OMC) operator selecting maxima of convexities computed in multiple directions around each pixel rewritten in MatLab and shown to be very efficient for pattern recognition. The aim of the algorithm is to trace the bright hair-like features (for ex. chromospheric thin jets or spicules) of solar ultimate observations polluted by a noise of different origins. This popular spatial operator uses the second derivative in the optimally selected direction for which its absolute value has a maximum value. Accordingly, it uses the positivity of the resulting intensity signal affected by a superposed noise. The results are illustrated using a test artificially generated image and real SOT (Hinode) images are also used, to make your own choice of the sensitive parameters to use in improving the visibility of images.
description: 12 pages, 3 figurs, submitted in Solar Physics
Homotopy Relations for Topological VOA
Creators: name: Zeitlin, Anton M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a parameter-dependent version of the homotopy associative part of the Lian-Zuckerman homotopy algebra and provide the interpretation of multilinear operations of this algebra in terms of integrals over certain polytopes. We explicitly prove the pentagon relation up to homotopy and propose a construction of higher operations.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, typos corrected
Comparison of Thermodynamic Characteristics in Ordinary Quantum and Classical Approaches and Game Theory
Creators: name: Sakhnovich, Lev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81P20, 82B10, 81Q10, 91A05

description: We fix the temperature $T$ and consider mean energy and Boltzmann-Gibbs-Shannon entropy as two players of a game. As a result, basic formulas for the ordinary quantum mean energy and the Boltzmann-Gibbs-Shannon entropy are derived. We compare also the quantum and classical approaches without a demand for Plank's constant being small. Important inequalities for statistical sum, quantum energy, quantum entropy, and their classical analogs follow.
description: An improved and slighly corrected version
Self-limited oxide formation in Ni(111) oxidation
Creators: name: Flege, J. Ingo
name: Meyer, Axel
name: Falta, Jens
name: Krasovskii, Eugene E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The oxidation of the Ni(111) surface is studied experimentally with low energy electron microscopy and theoretically by calculating the electron reflectivity for realistic models of the NiO/Ni(111) surface with an ab-initio scattering theory. Oxygen exposure at 300 K under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions leads to the formation of a continuous NiO(111)-like film consisting of nanosized domains. At 750 K, we observe the formation of a nano-heterogeneous film composed primarily of NiO(111)-like surface oxide nuclei, which exhibit virtually the same energy-dependent reflectivity as in the case of 300 K and which are separated by oxygen-free Ni(111) terraces. The scattering theory explains the observed normal incidence reflectivity R(E) of both the clean and the oxidized Ni(111) surface. At low energies R(E) of the oxidized surface is determined by a forbidden gap in the k_parallel=0 projected energy spectrum of the bulk NiO crystal. However, for both low and high temperature oxidation a rapid decrease of the reflectivity in approaching zero kinetic energy is experimentally observed. This feature is shown to characterize the thickness of the oxide layer, suggesting an average oxide thickness of two NiO layers.
description: 10 pages (in journal format), 9 figures
title: After the Summit: progress in public policy on AI
Creators: name: Hawes, Ben
name: Hall, Dame Wendy
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: AI, Summit

description: The UK's international Artificial Intelligence Safety Summit has answered some questions and sparked new ones. This is a good moment to reflect on what it delivered, what it didn't cover, and how to influence development of AI in the future, in the interests of societies globally.

First, it's great to be able to report that the Summit was in many ways a success, indeed more of a success than many people thought it could be. It was arranged and delivered fast. It had to manage difficult questions about the scope and the invitee list. There were good reasons to fear that it might not be more than a superficial, passing event. It is greatly to the credit of the organisers that it became more than that.

The Summit could also easily have been submerged among other recent developments, because there have been enough of those. The last month has been busy for AI and AI policy, even in the context of a packed year so far.

Immediately before the summit, the United Nations announced a new high-level advisory council on AI, and Iâm proud to say that they invited me to be a member.

And then two days before the Summit, the White House issued President Bidenâs Executive Order on Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence. The order âestablishes new standards for AI safety and security, protects Americansâ privacy, advances equity and civil rights, stands up for consumers and workers, promotes innovation and competition, advances American leadership around the world, and more.â

The Executive order sets out expansive, complex and diverse ambitions for AI in the USA, including on equity, civil rights and impacts on workers. It is a major step forward. The EU AI Act has been the subject of very heated debate within and between EU institutions. It appears close to agreement, though the nature of recent debates shows how difficult it is for legislation to keep up with technology developments. The US had previously made much less ground in comparison on proposals for government action and legislation on AI. That has now changed, and in the UK we will need to track how those ambitions are taken forward in practice, and how potential conflicts between economic and social aspirations are managed.
On hyperbolicity of SU(2)-equivariant, punctured disc bundles over the complex affine quadric
Creators: name: Iannuzzi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a holomorphic line bundle over the complex affine quadric $Q^2$, we investigate its Stein, SU(2)-equivariant disc bundles. Up to equivariant biholomorphism, these are all contained in a maximal one, say $Ω_{max}$. By removing the zero section to $Ω_{max}$ one obtains the unique Stein, SU(2)-equivariant, punctured disc bundle over $Q^2$ which contains entire curves. All other such punctured disc bundles are shown to be Kobayashi hyperbolic.
description: 15 pages, v2: minor changes, to appear in Transformation Groups
The coherence-incoherence crossover and the mass-renormalization puzzles in Sr2RuO4
Creators: name: Mravlje, Jernej
name: Aichhorn, Markus
name: Miyake, Takashi
name: Haule, Kristjan
name: Kotliar, Gabriel
name: Georges, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the electronic structure of Sr2RuO4, treating correlations in the framework of dynamical mean-field theory. The approach successfully reproduces several experimental results and explains the key properties of this material: the anisotropic mass renormalization of quasiparticles and the crossover into an incoherent regime at a low temperature. While the orbital differentiation originates from the proximity of the van Hove singularity, strong correlations are caused by the Hund's coupling. The generality of this mechanism for other correlated materials is pointed out.
description: 4 pages, 4 figs, minor changes, published version
Prospects for Change in Europe's and the United State's Airline Ownership Rules
Creators: name: Chang, Yu-Chun
name: Williams, George
name: Chang, Yu-Chun
name: Williams, George
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 42nd Transportation Research Forum meeting, Nov.29-Dec.1, 2000, Annapolis, MD
A Proposed Decision Support System/Expert System for Guiding Fresh Students in Selecting a Faculty in Gomal University, Pakistan
Creators: name: Aslam, Muhammad Zaheer
name: Nasimullah
name: Khan, Abdur Rashid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.1

description: This paper presents the design and development of a proposed rule based Decision Support System that will help students in selecting the best suitable faculty/major decision while taking admission in Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. The basic idea of our approach is to design a model for testing and measuring the student capabilities like intelligence, understanding, comprehension, mathematical concepts plus his/her past academic record plus his/her intelligence level, and applying the module results to a rule-based decision support system to determine the compatibility of those capabilities with the available faculties/majors in Gomal University. The result is shown as a list of suggested faculties/majors with the student capabilities and abilities.
description: I have withdrawn for some changes
Laser-launched evanescent surface plasmon polariton field utilized as a direct coherent pumping source to generate emitted nonlinear four-wave mixing radiation
Creators: name: Zhang, Qun
name: Lin, Ke
name: Luo, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a concept of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) based four-wave mixing (4WM), in which a laser-launched evanescent SPP field is utilized as a coherent pumping source to involve directly in a nonlinear 4WM process at the dielectric/metal interface. Conversion efficiency of the resulting 4WM radiation is expected to be dramatically increased due to the local-field enhancement effect. Feasibility of implementing this concept at the air/gold film and graphene flake/gold film interfaces is further examined by numerical simulations. The concept shows intriguing promise for applications in newly emerging nanophotonics, optoelectronics, and active plasmonics.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted to Optics Express
Dijet resonance from leptophobic Z' and light baryonic cold dark matter
Creators: name: Ko, P.
name: Omura, Y.
name: Yu, Chaehyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In light of the recent CDF report on the excess in the Wjj channel, we analyze (non)supersymmetric U(1)_B x U(1)_L model, interpreting the dijet peak as a leptophobic U(1)_B gauge boson. If this excess is confirmed, it has an interesting implication for the baryonic cold dark matter (CDM) in the model: there should be light CDM with a few GeV mass, and direct detection cross section at the level of a few x 10^{-2} pb.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, version published in Phys. Lett. B
Dynamical Mean-Field Theory for Quantum Chemistry
Creators: name: Lin, Nan
name: Marianetti, C. A.
name: Millis, Andrew J.
name: Reichman, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical mean-field concept of approximating an unsolvable many-body problem in terms of the solution of an auxiliary quantum impurity problem, introduced to study bulk materials with a continuous energy spectrum, is here extended to molecules, i.e., finite systems with a discrete energy spectrum. The application to small clusters of hydrogen atoms yields ground state energies which are competitive with leading quantum chemical approaches at intermediate and large interatomic distances as well as good approximations to the excitation spectrum.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Chaotic neuron clock
Creators: name: Bershadskii, A.
name: Ikegaya, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple threshold model of neuron firing (with the neuron membrane electrochemical potential governed by the chaotic Rossler attractor) has been analyzed by mapping the generated irregular spiking time-series into telegraph signals. In this model the fundamental frequency of the chaotic Rossler attractor provides (with a period doubling) the strong periodic component of the generated irregular signal. The exponentially decaying broad-band part of the spectrum of the Rossler attractor has been transformed by the threshold firing mechanism into a scaling tale. These results are compared with irregular spiking time-series obtained in vitro from a spontaneous activity of hippocampal (CA3) singular neurons (rat's brain slice culture). The comparison shows good agreement between the model and experimentally obtained spectra.