cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Integrin alpha IIb promoter-targeted expression of gene products in megakaryocytes derived from retrovirus-transduced human hematopoietic cells
Creators: name: White II, G. C.
name: Wilcox, D. A.
name: Ishizawa, L.
name: Griffith, M.
name: Olsen, J. C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Megakaryocyte-specific expression of the platelet-adhesion receptor, integrin alphaIIbbeta3, is caused by the presence of regulatory elements of the alphaIIb promoter that direct high-level, selective gene transcription early in megakaryocytopoiesis. To develop methods for targeted expression of transgenes, we transduced human CD34+ peripheral blood cells with a murine leukemia virus (MuLV) vector controlled by the human integrin alphaIIb promoter (nucleotides -889 to +35). A naturally occurring cDNA encoding the Pl(A2) alloantigen form (Pro(33)) of the integrin beta3 subunit was subcloned into this construct (-889Pl(A2)beta3) and transduced into cells that endogenously synthesized Pl(A1)beta3 (Leu(33)) as a marker for detection of provirus-derived beta3. The ability of this vector to target expression of Pl(A2)beta3 to megakaryocytes was first examined in cell lines. Immunoblot analysis with human anti-Pl(A2) alloserum detected synthesis of Pl(A2)beta3 in transduced promegakaryocytic cells; however, Pl(A2)beta3 protein was not detected in transduced epithelial cells. Human hematopoietic CD34+ cells were transduced with -889Pl(A2)beta3 virions and induced to differentiate with megakaryocyte growth and development factor. A hybrid alphaIIbbeta3 complex was formed in progeny megakaryocytes where provirus-derived Pl(A2)beta3 was detected associated with endogenous alphaIIb subunit. Another alphaIIb promoter-driven MuLV vector (-889nlacZ) encoding Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase was used to demonstrate that transgene expression was selectively targeted to the megakaryocyte progeny of transduced CD34+ cells. These studies demonstrate the feasibility of using alphaIIb promoter-driven MuLV vectors for gene transfer of hematopoietic CD34+ cells to target transgene expression in developing megakaryocytes and platelets and indicate potential applications toward human gene therapy for platelet disorders.
Computational Tools for Probing Interactions in Multiple Linear Regression, Multilevel Modeling, and Latent Curve Analysis
Creators: name: Bauer, Daniel J.
name: Preacher, Kristopher J.
name: Curran, Patrick J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Simple slopes, regions of significance, and confidence bands are commonly used to evaluate interactions in multiple linear regression (MLR) models, and the use of these techniques has recently been extended to multilevel or hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) and latent curve analysis (LCA). However, conducting these tests and plotting the conditional relations is often a tedious and error-prone task. This article provides an overview of methods used to probe interaction effects and describes a unified collection of freely available online resources that researchers can use to obtain significance tests for simple slopes, compute regions of significance, and obtain confidence bands for simple slopes across the range of the moderator in the MLR, HLM, and LCA contexts. Plotting capabilities are also provided.
Intake of fruits, vegetables, folic acid and related nutrients and risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women
Creators: name: Simonsen, Naal
name: Croghan, Carry
name: Kohlmeier, Lenore
name: Thorand, Barbara
name: Thamm, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of fruit and vegetable consumption and dietary intake of folic acid and related nutrients such as methionine, cysteine and alcohol in the aetiology of breast cancer.

DESIGN: Population based case-control study.

SETTING: Part of the European Community Multicentre Study on Antioxidants, Myocardial Infarction, and Cancer of the Breast (EURAMIC) in Berlin, Germany.

SUBJECTS: As part of the EURAMIC study, dietary intake data were collected in 43 postmenopausal women diagnosed with breast cancer between 1991 and 1992 in Berlin, Germany, and compared to 106 population-based controls.

RESULTS: Odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for major risk factors of breast cancer but not for total energy intake showed a non-significant inverse association between a high intake of vegetables (OR=0.76, 95% CI=0.48-1.20) and fruits (OR=0.74, 95% CI=0.48-1.15) and breast cancer. Once results were adjusted for total energy intake the associations became much weaker (vegetables: R=0.86, 95% CI=0.51-1.46; fruits: OR=0.82, 95% CI=0.51-1.32). For all nutrients, the effect of energy adjustment was more profound and the inverse associations disappeared when results were adjusted for energy intake (total folate-not energy adjusted: OR = 0.79, 95% CI=0.51-1.21; energy adjusted: OR=1.14, 95% CI=0.73-1.79; folate equivalents-not energy adjusted: OR=0.81, 95% CI=0.53-1.23; energy adjusted: OR=1.16, 95% CI=0.78-1.74; methionine-not energy adjusted: OR=0.60, 95% CI=0.35-1.03; energy adjusted: OR=1.29, 95% CI=0.76-2.19; cysteine-not energy adjusted: OR=0.52, 95% CI=0.29-0.94; energy adjusted: OR=1.22, 95% CI=0.75-1.97). Alcohol intake was inversely associated with breast cancer in a non-significant way, possibly due to the relatively low alcohol intake of the study population.

CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study do not provide firm evidence that a high intake of fruits and vegetables, folic acid, methionine or cysteine reduces the risk of getting breast cancer.
Improved Mixed Dark Matter Halo Model for Ultralight Axions
Creators: name: Vogt, Sophie M. L.
name: Marsh, David J. E.
name: Laguë, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a complete halo model for mixed dark matter composed of cold dark matter (CDM) and ultralight axion-like particles (ULAs). Our model treats ULAs as a biased tracer of CDM, in analogy to treatments of massive neutrinos and neutral hydrogen. The model accounts for clustering of ULAs around CDM host halos, and fully models the cross correlations of both components. The model inputs include the ULA Jeans scale, and soliton density profile. Our model can be used to predict the matter power spectrum, $P(k)$, on non-linear scales for sub-populations of ULAs across the mass range $10^{-33}\text{ eV}\leq m\leq 10^{-21}\text{ eV}$, and can be calibrated against future mixed DM simulations to improve its accuracy. The mixed DM halo model also allows us to assess the importance of various approximations.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, codes are available at https://github.com/SophieMLV/axionHMcode and https://github.com/SophieMLV/nuHMcode, paper was accepted for publication as a Regular Article in Physical Review D
Association between low levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and breast cancer risk
Creators: name: Garrett, Peter A.
name: Schildkraut, Joellen M.
name: Lester, Gayle E.
name: Weinberg, Clarice R.
name: Hulka, Barbara S.
name: Millikan, Robert C.
name: Janowsky, Esther C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: OBJECTIVE: To determine if blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-D) or its active metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-D), are lower in women at the time of first diagnosis of breast cancer than in comparable women without breast cancer.

DESIGN: This was a clinic-based case-control study with controls frequency-matched to cases on race, age, clinic and month of blood drawing.

SETTING: University-based breast referral clinics.

SUBJECTS: One hundred and fifty-six women with histologically documented adenocarcinoma of the breast and 184 breast clinic controls.

RESULTS: There were significant mean differences in 1,25-D levels (pmol ml(-1)) between breast cancer cases and controls; white cases had lower 1,25-D levels than white controls (mean difference +/-SE: -11.08+/-0.76), and black cases had higher 1.25-D levels than black controls (mean difference +/-SE: 4.54+/-2.14), although the number of black women in the study was small. After adjustment for age, assay batch, month of blood draw, clinic and sample storage time, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval, CI) for lowest relative to highest quartile was 5.2 (95% CI 2.1, 12.8) for white cases and controls. The association in white women was stronger in women above the median age of 54 than in younger women, 4.7 (95% CI 2.1, 10.2) vs. 1.5 (95% CI 0.7, 3.0). There were no case-control differences in 25-D levels in either group.

CONCLUSIONS: These data are consistent with a protective effect of 1,25-D for breast cancer in white women.
Dietary intake and gallbladder disease: a review
Creators: name: Tseng, Marilyn
name: Everhart, James E.
name: Sandler, Robert S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Dietary intake has long been looked upon as a potentially modifiable risk factor for gallbladder disease (GBD), here defined as either having gallstones or having had surgery for gallstones. This paper reviews the epidemiological evidence for an association between dietary intake and GBD, focusing on six dietary factors that have received the most attention in studies in this area: energy intake, fatty acids, cholesterol, carbohydrates and fibre, calcium and alcohol. The objectives of this review are to evaluate the potential usefulness of altering the diet to prevent GBD and to consider future research in this area. We reviewed all English-language epidemiological studies on diet and cholelithiasis that were cross-sectional, cohort or case-control in design and that were indexed in the Medline database from 1966 to October 1997. A positive association was suggested with simple sugars and inverse associations with dietary fibre and alcohol. No convincing evidence was found for a role for energy intake or intake of fat or cholesterol. Variable means of ascertaining cases and inaccurate measurement of dietary intake may contribute to variation in results across studies. Some specific components of the diet that may affect GBD include simple sugars, fibre and alcohol, but whether risk for GBD can be reduced by altering intake of a specific dietary factor has not been established. Although no specific dietary recommendations can be made to reduce risk of GBD per se, a 'healthy' diet aimed at reducing risk of other diseases might be expected to reduce risk for GBD as well.
(2283) Emma Wiseman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Health potential of soy isoflavones for menopausal women
Creators: name: Washburn, Scott A.
name: Cline, J. Mark
name: Anthony, Mary S.
name: Anderson, John J.B.
name: Garner, Sanford C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: OBJECTIVE: To review the current literature on the effects of soy isoflavones, one class of phyto-oestrogens, on cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, cancer and climacteric symptoms.

DESIGN: Many study designs were employed in the reports reviewed here, including prospective human trials, observational human studies, animal experiments and in vitro cell studies that explored the protective or preventive effects of soy isoflavones (genistein, daidzein and glycitein alone or mixed).

SETTING: Diverse settings were employed, depending on study design.

SUBJECTS: Human subjects, mostly menopausal or postmenopausal, were included, as were animal models and specific cell types.

RESULTS: The findings were: (i) isoflavones plus soy protein together were needed to obtain the highly significant beneficial results on blood lipids and arterial dimensions; (ii) isoflavone treatments alone at high doses (relative to above) consistently improved bone parameters in rodent ovariectomized models, but not in humans or primates; (iii) isoflavones were not consistent in exerting positive effects regarding the prevention or treatment of cancers of the mammary glands, uterus and colon; and (iv) the effects of isoflavones on climacteric symptoms were not clear-cut.

CONCLUSIONS: The promise of soy isoflavones reducing chronic disease risk seems to be non-uniform, with the most conclusive benefits occurring in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, but other organ systems, such as skeletal and reproductive tissues, may also benefit from the consumption of soy and soy-derived products.
(2279) John Wiseman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Testing gravitational wave propagation with multiband detections
Creators: name: Baker, Tessa
name: Barausse, Enrico
name: Chen, Anson
name: de Rham, Claudia
name: Pieroni, Mauro
name: Tasinato, Gianmassimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective field theories (EFT) of dark energy (DE) -- built to parameterise the properties of DE in an agnostic manner -- are severely constrained by measurements of the propagation speed of gravitational waves (GW). However, GW frequencies probed by ground-based interferometers lie around the typical strong coupling scale of the EFT, and it is likely that the effective description breaks down before even reaching that scale. We discuss how this leaves the possibility that an appropriate ultraviolet completion of DE scenarios, valid at scales beyond an EFT description, can avoid present constraints on the GW speed. Instead, additional constraints in the lower frequency LISA band would be harder to escape, since the energies involved are orders of magnitude lower. By implementing a method based on GW multiband detections, we show indeed that a single joint observation of a GW150914-like event by LISA and a terrestrial interferometer would allow one to constrain the speed of light and gravitons to match to within $10^{-15}$. Multiband GW observations can therefore firmly constrain scenarios based on the EFT of DE, in a robust and unambiguous way.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Updated to match the version published in JCAP
nakanokoji-SI-R1 from Totally synthetic microperoxidase-11.
Creators: name: Tanabe, Junichi
name: Nakano, Koji
name: Hirata, Ryutaro
name: Himeno, Toshiki
name: Ishimatsu, Ryoichi
name: Imato, Toshihiko
name: Okabe, Hirotaka
name: Matsuda, Naoki
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Detailed synthetic procedures including analysis data.
FINDE: Neural Differential Equations for Finding and Preserving Invariant Quantities
Creators: name: Matsubara, Takashi
name: Yaguchi, Takaharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Many real-world dynamical systems are associated with first integrals (a.k.a. invariant quantities), which are quantities that remain unchanged over time. The discovery and understanding of first integrals are fundamental and important topics both in the natural sciences and in industrial applications. First integrals arise from the conservation laws of system energy, momentum, and mass, and from constraints on states; these are typically related to specific geometric structures of the governing equations. Existing neural networks designed to ensure such first integrals have shown excellent accuracy in modeling from data. However, these models incorporate the underlying structures, and in most situations where neural networks learn unknown systems, these structures are also unknown. This limitation needs to be overcome for scientific discovery and modeling of unknown systems. To this end, we propose first integral-preserving neural differential equation (FINDE). By leveraging the projection method and the discrete gradient method, FINDE finds and preserves first integrals from data, even in the absence of prior knowledge about underlying structures. Experimental results demonstrate that FINDE can predict future states of target systems much longer and find various quantities consistent with well-known first integrals in a unified manner.
description: 25 pages
Family non-universal Z' models with protected flavor-changing interactions
Creators: name: Celis, Alejandro
name: Fuentes-Martin, Javier
name: Jung, Martin
name: Serodio, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define a new class of $Z'$ models with neutral flavor-changing interactions at tree level in the down-quark sector. They are related in an exact way to elements of the quark mixing matrix due to an underlying flavored $U(1)'$ gauge symmetry, rendering these models particularly predictive. The same symmetry implies lepton-flavor non-universal couplings, fully determined by the gauge structure of the model. Our models allow to address presently observed deviations from the SM and specific correlations among the new physics contributions to the Wilson coefficients $C_{9,10}^{(\prime) \ell}$ can be tested in $b \to s \ell^+ \ell^-$ transitions. We furthermore predict lepton-universality violations in $Z'$ decays, testable at the LHC.
description: 15 pages, 3 tables, 2 figures. v2: discussion improved, version accepted in PRD
Indigenising Service standards: The role of tikanga & kaupapa Māori in the establishment of Indigenous service protocols
Creators: name: Lilley, Spencer
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023

description: This paper focuses on the place that Indigenous protocols have on the delivery of services and resources to Indigenous communities in libraries. Ethical codes and protocols act as guidelines as to how we should approach the provision of information resources and services. Ethics particularly is one of the hallmarks of professionalism, where institutions and individuals abide by moral principles that represent right from wrong. Like many other aspects of the information and heritage professions these codes, protocols, frameworks, models, principles, guidelines, etc. have been determined and written without Indigenous input. In determining a new direction for developing guidelines for services to Indigenous peoples, it is necessary to take into consideration the complexity that the diverse range of Indigenous populations presents. This includes ensuring that the customs, beliefs, and values of each community of Indigenous people are not compromised by this process.
Food intake patterns and gallbladder disease in Mexican Americans
Creators: name: Kohlmeier, Lenore
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Everhart, James E.
name: Devellis, Robert F.
name: Khare, Meena
name: Maurer, Kurt R.
name: Tseng, Marilyn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: OBJECTIVE: Results of previous studies on diet and gallbladder disease (GBD), defined as having gallstones or having had surgery for gallstones, have been inconsistent. This research examined patterns of food intake in Mexican Americans and their associations with GBD.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional.

SUBJECTS: The study population included 4641 Mexican Americans aged 20-74 years who participated in the 1988-94 third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). GBD was diagnosed by ultrasound. Food intake patterns were identified by principal components analysis based on food frequency questionnaire responses. Component scores representing the level of intake of each pattern were categorized into quartiles, and prevalence odds ratios (POR) were estimated relative to the lowest quartile along with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

RESULTS: There were four distinct patterns in women (vegetable, high calorie, traditional, fruit) and three in men (vegetable, high calorie, traditional). After age adjustment, none were associated with GBD in women. However, men in the third (POR = 0.42, 95%CI 0.21-0.85) and fourth (POR = 0.53, 95%CI 0.28-1.01) quartiles of the traditional intake pattern were half as likely to have GBD as those in the lowest quartile.

CONCLUSIONS: These findings add to a growing literature suggesting dietary intake patterns can provide potentially useful and relevant information on diet-disease associations. Nevertheless, methods to do so require further development and validation.
LIVANDA KUCHLI JAMIYAT UCHUN O'TMISHDAN SABOQ
Creators: name: Sharofova, Diyora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu maqola Livanning uzoq davom etgan urushining iqtisodiyot uchun oqibatlari va uning yaqin kelajakdagi istiqbollarini ko'rib chiqadi. Hozirgi vaqtda Livan keskin tezlashgan inflyatsiya darajasi bilan birga og'ir iqtisodiy tushkunlik va qashshoqlik holatiga kirmoqda. Iqtisodiyotning asosiy holati va uning tashvishli pul va moliyaviy sharoitlarining eng ko'zga ko'ringan belgisi Livan funt sterlingining barcha asosiy valyutalarga nisbatan qadrsizlanishi hisoblanadi. Hujjatning ta'kidlashicha, urushning iqtisodiyotning ishlab chiqarish qobiliyatiga ta'sirini hisobga olsak, bu davlat moliyasining portlovchi holati mamlakatni giperinflyatsiyaga va Livan funtining tez qadrsizlanishiga olib keladi.
(2280) Lee Wiseman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
nakanokoji-SI-R1 from Totally synthetic microperoxidase-11
Creators: name: Tanabe, Junichi
name: Nakano, Koji
name: Hirata, Ryutaro
name: Himeno, Toshiki
name: Ishimatsu, Ryoichi
name: Imato, Toshihiko
name: Okabe, Hirotaka
name: Matsuda, Naoki
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Detailed synthetic procedures including analysis data.
(2277) Harriet [Wiseman]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 1 of The relationship between capacity and utilization of nonpharmacologic therapies in the US Military Health System
Creators: name: Bolton, Rendelle
name: Ritter, Grant
name: Highland, Krista
name: Larson, Mary Jo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: A1. Nonpharmacologic therapy (NPT) therapies and bundles with corresponding procedure codes. A2. Study Flow diagram. A3. Average nonpharmacologic therapy utilization at MTFs (n = 130 facilities).
(2278) George Wiseman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Electronic supplementary support (S1 to S4) from Springtail community structure is influenced by functional traits but not biogeographic origin of leaf litter in soils of novel forest ecosystems.
Creators: name: Raymond-Léonard, Laura J.
name: Gravel, Dominique
name: Reich, Peter B.
name: I. Tanya Handa
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Site description (S1.1 & S1.2), Litter traits (S2.1 & S2.2), Springtail species list (S3), Auclair procruste correlation (S4)
title: Freedom of association in the UK: the public/private distinction in labour law
Creators: name: McDermott, Muireann
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: This thesis traces the evolution of freedom of association as it relates to and is informed by the public/private distinction in legal and political thought, by public and private law and by the public and private dimensions of contracting for work. Within legal theory the public/private distinction has sparked much controversy due to its capacity to depoliticize certain key questions and to obscure the significance of distributive outcomes. This thesis identifies two distinct concepts of workers’ Freedom of Association, (neo)liberal and social democratic, and gives a detailed account of the historical origins of these conceptions. The former which – in either its classical or ‘neo’ instantiation – ultimately prioritises private ordering and the latter which subordinates it to public-political concerns as dictated by collective interests, are disaggregated in order to sharpen and assess their place within labour law and legal scholarship today. Disaggregating the concepts in these ways illustrates that the contours of Freedom of Association in the UK are determined in large part by prior political decisions concerning the goods and ends of unionization and association and how they relate to the social and economic world. The thesis argues that the public-political concerns, the class relations as well as relations between individual workers and employers, which are at stake must not be overlooked or obscured. On that basis, it argues that the social democratic conception of workers Freedom of Association is the more coherent and morally compelling and the one which should inform current and future debates concerning workers’ rights today.
Serum carotenoids and radiographic knee osteoarthritis: the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project
Creators: name: Renner, Jordan B.
name: Craft, Neal
name: Luta, Gheorghe
name: De Roos, Anneclaire J.
name: Hochberg, Marc C.
name: Arab, Lenore
name: Jordan, Joanne M.
name: Helmick, Charles G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Antioxidant intake has been associated with less progression of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA), but studies of carotenoid biomarkers and OA have not been done. We examined associations between serum concentrations of nine naturally occurring carotenoids and radiographic knee OA. The study design was matched case–control. Sera were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography for nine carotenoids: lutein, zeaxanthin, α- and β-cryptoxanthin, trans- and cis-lycopene, α-carotene, and trans- and cis-β-carotene. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the association between tertiles of each carotenoid and radiographic knee OA, independent of body mass index, education, serum cholesterol, and the other carotenoids. Johnston County, North Carolina, United States of America. Two-hundred cases with radiographic knee OA (Kellgren–Lawrence grades ≥2) and 200 controls (Kellgren–Lawrence grade = 0) were randomly selected from the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project, and were matched on age, gender and race. Participants with serum levels of lutein or β-cryptoxanthin in the highest tertile were approximately 70% less likely to have knee OA than controls {odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 0.28 [0.11, 0.73] and 0.36 [0.14, 0.95], respectively}. Those in the highest tertile of trans-β-carotene (OR = 6.40 [1.86, 22.1]) and zeaxanthin (OR = 3.06 [1.19, 7.85]) were more likely to have knee OA. While certain carotenoids may protect against knee OA, others may increase the odds of knee OA. Further study of carotenoids and knee OA are warranted before clinical recommendations about these substances and knee OA can be made.
Supplementary methods, figures and tables from Exaggerated groups: amplification in ensemble coding of temporal and spatial features.
Creators: name: Kanaya, Shoko
name: Hayashi, Masamichi J.
name: Whitney, David
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary methods, figures and tables
(2273) John Wiseman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Second Moment of the Pion Light-cone Distribution Amplitude from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Braun, V. M.
name: Collins, S.
name: Göckeler, M.
name: Pérez-Rubio, P.
name: Schäfer, A.
name: Schiel, R. W.
name: Sternbeck, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a lattice study of the second moment of the light-cone pion distribution amplitude using two flavors of dynamical (clover) fermions on lattices of different volumes and pion masses down to $m_π\sim 150 \, \mathrm {MeV}$. At lattice spacings between $0.06 \, \mathrm {fm}$ and $0.08 \, \mathrm {fm}$ we find for the second Gegenbauer moment the value $a_2 = 0.1364(154)(145)$ at the scale $μ=2 \, \mathrm {GeV}$ in the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ scheme, where the first error is statistical including the uncertainty of the chiral extrapolation, and the second error is the estimated uncertainty coming from the nonperturbatively determined renormalization factors.
description: 14 Pages, 13 figures. PACS numbers: 12.38Gc, 13.60Le, 14.40Be
A Diet Quality Index for Pregnancy detects variation in diet and differences by sociodemographic factors
Creators: name: Bodnar, Lisa M.
name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Methods currently used to assess nutritional status during pregnancy have limitations if one wishes to examine the overall quality of the diet. A Diet Quality Index for Pregnancy (DQI-P) was developed to reflect current nutritional recommendations for pregnancy and national dietary guidelines. Dietary intake was assessed during the second trimester using a food-frequency questionnaire. The DQI-P includes eight components: % recommended servings of grains, vegetables and fruits, % recommendations for folate, iron and calcium, % energy from fat, and meal/snack patterning score. Scores can range from 0 to 80; each component contributed 10 points. Two public prenatal clinics in central North Carolina. N = 2063 pregnant women who participated in the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition (PIN) Study. The DQI-P quantitatively differentiated diets. The mean score for the population was 56.0 (standard deviation 12.0). Women who were
Electronic supplementary support (S1 to S4) from Springtail community structure is influenced by functional traits but not biogeographic origin of leaf litter in soils of novel forest ecosystems
Creators: name: Raymond-Léonard, Laura J.
name: Gravel, Dominique
name: Reich, Peter B.
name: I. Tanya Handa
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Site description (S1.1 & S1.2), Litter traits (S2.1 & S2.2), Springtail species list (S3), Auclair procruste correlation (S4)
A new stage of the nutrition transition in China
Creators: name: Du, Shufa
name: Zhai, Fengying
name: Lu, Bing
name: Popkin, Barry M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: OBJECTIVE: To fully explore the long-term shifts in the nutrition transition and the full implications of these changes in the Chinese diet.

DESIGN: A descriptive, population-based study.

SETTING: Data come from nationally representative surveys: the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1989-1997), the China National Nutrition Survey (1982 and 1992), the annual household consumption surveys of the State Statistical Bureau, and the Annual Death Report of China.

RESULTS: During the first part of the major economic transformation in China (before 1985), cereal intake increased but decreased thereafter. There was also a long-term reduction of vegetable consumption that has now stabilised. Intake of animal foods increased slowly before 1979 and more quickly after the economic reforms occurred. While the total energy intake of residents has decreased, as has energy expenditure, large changes in the composition of energy have occurred. The overall proportion of energy from fat increased quickly, reaching an overall average of 27.3% and 32.8% for urban residents in 1997. Over a third of all Chinese adults and 60.1% of those in urban areas consumed over 30% of their energy from fat in 1997. Large shifts towards increased inactivity at work and leisure occurred. These changes are linked with rapid increases of overweight, obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases (DR-NCDs) as well as total mortality for urban residents.

CONCLUSIONS: The long-term trend is a shift towards a high-fat, high-energy-density and low-fibre diet. The Chinese have entered a new stage of the nutrition transition.
Commensurate-incommensurate transition in the chiral Ashkin-Teller model
Creators: name: Nyckees, Samuel
name: Mila, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the classical chiral Ashkin-Teller model on a square lattice with the corner transfer matrix renormalisation group (CTMRG) algorithm. We show that the melting of the period-4 phase in the presence of a chiral perturbation takes different forms depending on the coefficient of the four-spin term in the Ashkin-Teller model. Close to the clock limit of two decoupled Ising models, the system undergoes a two-step commensurate-incommensurate transition as soon as the chirality is introduced, with an intermediate critical floating phase bounded by a Kosterlitz-Thouless transition at high temperature and a Pokrovsky-Talapov transition at low temperature. By contrast, close to the four-states Potts model, we argue for the existence of a unique commensurate-incommensurate transition that belongs to the chiral universality class, and for the presence of a Lifshitz point where the ordered, disordered and floating phases meet. Finally, we map the whole phase diagram, which turns out to be in qualitative agreement with the 40 year old prediction by Huse and Fisher.
Biomarkers and the measurement of fatty acids
Creators: name: Akbar, Jabar
name: Arab, Lenore
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: OBJECTIVE: To review the various biomarkers of dietary intakes of fatty adds in human populations, their measurement, limitations and analytical considerations.

DESIGN: Review of the literature.

RESULTS: Although there is no good biomarker of intake of total fat, a number of alternatives exist for assessing the intakes of exogenously produced fatty acids that are consumed. Adipose tissue, erythrocyte membrane concentrations and serum or plasma levels can reflect prior intakes over the past few hours to the past few years. The concentrations of individual fatty acids in these media generally reflect relative levels, and are influenced by a number of factors. Although relatively expensive to analyse, a single analysis by gas chromatography or high-performance liquid chromatography provides information on multiple fatty acids, and is superior to attempting to measure specific fatty acids using traditional dietary assessment methods.

CONCLUSIONS: Biomarkers of fatty acids that reflect long-term intake are available for nutritional epidemiology purposes. Analytical methods have become very accurate and able to detect and quantify smaller families, such as trans-fatty acids.
(2274) George Wiseman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary methods, figures and tables from Exaggerated groups: amplification in ensemble coding of temporal and spatial features
Creators: name: Kanaya, Shoko
name: Hayashi, Masamichi J.
name: Whitney, David
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary methods, figures and tables
Tea consumption and the reduced risk of colon cancer – results from a national prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Su, L. Joseph
name: Arab, Lenore
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: OBJECTIVE: This study examines the relationship between tea consumption and colon cancer risk in the US population.

DESIGN: Data from the NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up study (NHEFS) were used to examine the hypothesis. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the hypothesis of a protective effect of frequent tea consumption on colon cancer occurrence.

SETTING: Due to differences in the precision of the exposure data, we analysed two cohort periods based on the NHEFS. Cohort I was based on the survey conducted at the NHEFS baseline and Cohort II began at the first follow-up.

SUBJECTS: After excluding non-incidence cases and cases lost to follow-ups, there were 2359 tea users and 6498 non-tea users at baseline and 7656 tea users and 4514 non-tea users at the first follow-up.

RESULTS: : After adjusting for confounders, the relative risks of colon cancer are 0.57 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42, 0.78) and 0.59 (95% 1.00) for subjects who consumed 1.5 cups per day, respectively, compared with non-tea users in Cohort II. Although more women consumed tea and the mean intake was higher, the preventive effect of tea consumption on colon cancer was found predominantly in men. The relative risks of colon cancer are 0.41 (95% 0.66) for men who consumed 1.5 cups day-1 of tea consumption (P-value for trend <0.01). No significant results were found in Cohort I.

CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests an inverse association between colon cancer risk and habitual tea consumption.
(2275) Barbara [Wiseman]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The underweight/overweight household: an exploration of household sociodemographic and dietary factors in China
Creators: name: Bentley, Margaret
name: Popkin, Barry
name: Doak, Colleen
name: Fengying, Zhai
name: Adair, Linda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: OBJECTIVE: The goal of this paper is to explore the hypothesis that the nutrition transition is related to households having an underweight and an overweight member simultaneously (under/over households and under/over pairs).

DESIGN: The 1993 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was used to test the association between being an under/over household and household characteristics related to the nutrition transition. Sociodemographic and diet patterns were tested for the main age combinations of the under/over pairs.

SETTING: In China, 8.1% of all households were found to have underweight and overweight members within the same household.

SUBJECTS: Results are from the 1993 China Health and Nutrition Survey and are based on a sample of 13814 persons from 3340 households.

RESULTS: The under/over household was more urban, had a higher income and was more likely to have assets such as a television, a motor vehicle and a washing machine, even after controlling for sociodemographic confounders. The under/over household had a diet that was higher in fat and protein compared with the underweight and normal weight households. There were no significant differences between the under/over and overweight households, with many of the associations near unity. Comparisons of the under/over subgroups by age of the under/over pairs showed some differences by income and occupation, but not for diet.

CONCLUSIONS: It is imperative, as more individuals become exposed to the diet and lifestyle patterns of the nutrition transition, to find effective public health programmes that can simultaneously promote a healthy lifestyle, improve diet quality and address both undernutrition and chronic disease.
The unique aspects of the nutrition transition in South Korea: the retention of healthful elements in their traditional diet
Creators: name: Lee, Min June
name: Popkin, Barry M.
name: Kim, Soowon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this paper are to describe the unique aspects of the nutrition transition in South Korea, including trends in food consumption and obesity, patterns of morbidity and mortality; to focus on efforts to maintain the traditional diet in the midst of rapid economic growth and the introduction of Western culture; and to provide insights for other countries.

DESIGN: We analysed secondary dietary intake, anthropometric, morbidity and mortality data from published reports and articles.

RESULTS: In South Korea, the level and rate of increase in fat intake have remained very low, whereas vegetable intake has been high and fruit intake has increased greatly. South Korea also has a relatively low prevalence of obesity compared with other Asian countries. The traditional Korean diet is a low-fat and high-vegetable diet. Therefore, the government and nutrition specialists have been initiating numerous efforts to advertise and teach the public that the traditional diet is a healthy diet. They are also working on revival of the traditional diet using an approach that is acceptable to contemporary Koreans.

CONCLUSIONS: The nutrition transition in South Korea is unique. A range of government, nutrition specialists and some private organisation efforts has worked to retain healthful elements of the traditional diet in South Korea. The continued low level of total fat in the overall diet and the high intake of fruits and vegetables bode well for South Korea.