cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Returns to smallholder dairying in the Kilirnanjaro region, Tanzania
Creators: name: Mdoe, Ntengua
name: Wiggins, Steve
name: Mdoe, Ntengua
name: Wiggins, Steve
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: Tanzania is a net importer of dairy products despite its large cattle herd and successive government efforts to promote dairying. This paper draws on survey data to examine the financial attractiveness of dairying to smallholders in an area of high dairy potential on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro. On mixed farms in which coffee and bananas are the other main enterptises, producers keep small herds of mainly crossbred and grade cattle, mostly fed in stalls on cut forage and crop residues. Using a herd model, a benefit-cost analysis of dairying was carried out. This showed that at prevailing ptices, returns to dairying were around 20%. There was, however, no difference in the returns gained by the larger scale farmers who had more of the grade cows and managed them intensively, compared to those using a less intensive system with lower potential stock. Moreover, the profitability of dairying for the former was underwtitten by subsidies on inputs and fuel which are difficult to justify. Policy has apparently over-emphasised improving yields and the development of intensive dairying, and has not been sufficiently concerned with keeping down the costs of dairying.
Soft leptogenesis in the NMSSM with a singlet right-handed neutrino superfield
Creators: name: Abdallah, Waleed
name: Kumar, Abhass
name: Saha, Abhijit Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we explore soft leptogenesis in the NMSSM framework extended by a right-handed neutrino superfield. We calculate the CP asymmetry, $\varepsilon$, and find it to be non-zero at tree-level without using thermal effects for the final state particles. This is in contrast to soft leptogenesis in the MSSM extended by a right-handed neutrino superfield where thermal effects are essential. The difference arises due to the presence of a 3-body decay of the sneutrino in the NMSSM that violates lepton number at tree-level. Apart from this, we also find that $\varepsilon\neq 0$ if the additional singlet scalar has a complex vacuum expectation value while all the other NMSSM parameters including the soft SUSY breaking ones relevant for CP asymmetry remain real. We estimate the order of magnitudes of these parameters to produce sufficient baryon asymmetry of the Universe.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, version accepted for publication in JHEP
CP violation in the radiative dileptonic B-meson decays
Creators: name: Erkol, Guray
name: Turan, Gursevil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the CP violating asymmetry, the forward backward asymmetry and the CP violating asymmetry in the forward-backward asymmetry for the radiative dileptonic B-meson decays $B_{d}\to γ\ell^+ \ell^-$ for the $\ell= e, μ, τ$ channels. It is observed that these asymmetries are quite sizable and $B_{d}\to γ\ell^+ \ell^-$ decays seem promising for investigating CP violation.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures; version to appear in J. Phys. G
Toxic landscape: Excavating a polluted world
Creators: name: Stewart, Haeden
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017
Subjects: archaeology of the contemporary
industrial archaeology
human-environment interactions
western Canada

description: Studies of the heritage industry, museology and archaeology and nationalism have highlighted vital ways in which the objects archaeologists study—far from being inert representations of the past—are lively, political, and potent in the present. This paper proposes that in order to investigate the long-term impacts of humans on the environment we as archaeologists must extend this reflexive turn to questions of ecological harm and pollution. First, archaeologists need to approach forms of human-derived pollutants as a type of artifact to attend to both the conditions of their production as well as the social effects of ecological degradation in the past. Second, archaeologists need to investigate the ongoing nature of this ecological degradation and its effects in the present. Drawing from my excavations of an early twentieth-century industrial site in Western Canada, I investigate how the rise of industrial-scale production in Edmonton, Alberta, remade the urban landscape by providing new consumer goods and manufacturing jobs, as well as—due to rampant pollution—remaking the environment and the ways in which the local population interacted with it. At the same time, I outline how the remains of this industry impacts the present as a form of pollution that affects local water quality and soil chemistry. Through these effects, industrial artifacts continue to actively transform the ecological relationships of humans and non-humans alike. In so doing, this project demonstrates the value of archaeology as a discipline whose focus on long temporalities and materiality provide unique insight into one of the most pressing contemporary political issues, ecological devastation and its social impact.
MOESM14 of Human mesenchymal stromal cells broadly modulate high glucose-induced inflammatory responses of renal proximal tubular cell monolayers
Creators: name: Md Islam
name: TomÃ¡S Griffin
name: Sander, Elizabeth
name: Rocks, Stephanie
name: Junaid Qazi
name: Cabral, Joana
name: McCaul, Jasmin
name: McMorrow, Tara
name: Griffin, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 14: Table S5. List of DEGs with significant Fold Changes in RPTEC/TERT1 cells without and with MSC co-culture in high glucose (HG) condition.
title: 02_0306
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: LaMOP

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Spatial Ecology of Great Barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda) around Buck Island Reef National Monument, St. Croix, U.S.V.I.
Creators: name: Becker, Sarah L
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasing in popularity as a tool to manage fish stocks through conservation of entire habitats and fish assemblages. Quantifying the habitat use, site fidelity, and movement patterns of marine species is vital to this method of marine spatial planning. The success of these protected areas requires that sufficient habitat is guarded against fishing pressure. For large animals, which often have correspondingly large home range areas, protecting an entire home range can be logistically challenging. For MPAs to successfully protect large top predator species, it is important to understand what areas of a home range are especially important, such as breeding and feeding grounds. New technologies, such as acoustic telemetry, have made it possible to track marine animal movements at finer spatial and temporal scales than previously possible, better illuminating these spatial use patterns. This study focused on the movement patterns of great barracuda (n=35), an ecologically important top predator, around Buck Island Reef National Monument, a no-take MPA in St. Croix, U.S.V.I. managed by the National Park Service. As developing standardized methods for acoustic telemetry is still a work in progress, the first half of this study focuses on determining appropriate tools for generating home range size estimates for great barracuda and analyzing ecological parameters driving these results. The second half of this study focused on the use of network analysis to look at spatial divisions within individual home ranges and to compare individual to population level spatial patterns, as well as to generate a relative estimate of population density within the park. Barracuda within the park demonstrated high site fidelity to individual territories, but at the population level they consistently used all habitats within the array. Core use areas within home ranges were evenly distributed throughout all habitats monitored by the acoustic array, although movement corridors were detected along high rugosity reef structures. Greater population densities within the park indicate that density dependent behaviors may be influencing habitat use within the park, and suggest that barracuda are contributing high levels of top down pressure through predation within the park boundaries.
A Unitary and Renormalizable Theory of the Standard Model in Ghost-Free Light-Cone Gauge
Creators: name: Srivastava, Prem P.
name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light-front (LF) quantization in light-cone (LC) gauge is used to construct a unitary and simultaneously renormalizable theory of the Standard Model. The framework derived earlier for QCD is extended to the Glashow, Weinberg, and Salam (GWS) model of electroweak interaction theory. The Lorentz condition is automatically satisfied in LF-quantized QCD in the LC gauge for the free massless gauge field. In the GWS model, with the spontaneous symmetry breaking present, we find that the 't Hooft condition accompanies the LC gauge condition corresponding to the massive vector boson. The two transverse polarization vectors for the massive vector boson may be chosen to be the same as found in QCD. The non-transverse and linearly independent third polarization vector is found to be parallel to the gauge direction. The corresponding sum over polarizations in the Standard model, indicated by $K_{μν}(k),$ has several simplifying properties similar to the polarization sum $D_{μν}(k)$ in QCD. The framework is ghost-free, and the interaction Hamiltonian of electroweak theory can be expressed in a form resembling that of covariant theory, except for few additional instantaneous interactions which can be treated systematically. The LF formulation also provides a transparent discussion of the Goldstone Boson (or Electroweak) Equivalence Theorem, as the illustrations show.
description: Latex, 36 pages
Heavy Light: Transformation of Matter in Relation to Growth and Decay
Creators: name: Bennett, Lauren A
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Through my artwork I explore the cyclical relationship and inherent inevitability between the processes of growth and decay. I engage notions of place, memory, fluctuation, and ephemerality. Drawing inspiration from an abandoned house and its many atrophying, accumulated contents, I examine the human impact upon our ecological surroundings and personal domains, tied to notions of finality and sustainability. Using light and time as both narrative elements and the physical components to cultivate images, I create hybrid prints that weave a story of our ever-changing territories. I present visual works that challenge our idealized views of life, and call attention to the surprising beauty within overlooked natural processes, particularly decomposition. My generative process and use of amorphous materials embed meaning through use of metaphor, and underlie my fascination with the transformation of the ordinary or the unexpected.
The Pauli and $\text{Lévy-Leblond}$ Equations, and the Spin Current Density
Creators: name: Wilkes, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the literature on the Pauli equation and its current density, discussing the progression from the original phenomenological version of Pauli to its derivation by $\text{Lévy-Leblond}$ from a linearization of the $\text{Schrödinger}$ equation. It was established conclusively by $\text{Lévy-Leblond}$'s work that the spin of a spin-1/2 particle such as an electron is non-relativistic in nature, contrary to what was often stated following Dirac's derivation of a relativistic wave equation, and his subsequent demonstration that Pauli's spin interaction term appeared in the non-relativistic limit. In this limit, the Gordon decomposition of the associated probability current density was found to contain a spin-dependent term. Such a term does not follow, however, from the usual derivation of the current density from the Pauli equation, although various physically motivated but otherwise ad hoc explanations were put forward to account for it. We comment on the only exception to these of which we are aware implying the spin term in the current was in fact non-relativistic in nature. However, the earlier work of $\text{Lévy-Leblond}$ had already shown, with no additional assumptions, that this term was a prominent feature of the current density derived from his equation. Hence, just as with the spin itself, the spin current was non-relativistic, claims to the contrary notwithstanding. We present a somewhat simplified derivation of the $\text{Lévy-Leblond}$ equation and its current density, commenting on possibilities for experimental work that might indicate measurable consequences of the spin term in the current density.
description: 11 pages, no figures, corrected typos, separated section I into two sections, improved derivations in section IV ( results unchanged), references added
Eustia of the Tarnished Wings: The Visual Novel in Translation
Creators: name: Bird, Matthew R
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: The center of this thesis proposal is a translation of the first book of AUGUST Software’s Eustia of the Tarnished Wings 穢翌のユースティア, a 2011 dark fantasy visual novel. As visual novels are practically unknown in English or Japanese academic writing, this thesis will provide an introduction to the medium’s history, as well as common display and organizational formats of the medium; a literary overview of Eustia of the Tarnished Wings and its characters and themes of choice and sacrifice; and a discussion of translation methodology and goals pursued in the accompanying excerpts.
The translation presented consists of selected excerpts from the Prologue of Eustia of the Tarnished Wings, introducing the main characters, the floating city-state of Novus Aether, and the uneasy social climate of the city. Presented scenes are selected on the basis of plot or thematic relevance or translational interest, as well as scenes that are necessary to contextualize plot or character developments discussed in the critical introduction.
This thesis will serve as an introduction to a developing medium that has been overlooked by most academics in the field of Japanese popular culture, as well as a look at the utilization of choice mechanics and branching story structure to In addition, it will present a personal methodology of and approach to translation as related to Eustia’s many and varied characters, social strata and situations, and maintaining individual and consistent voices for different characters and a first-person narrator in fiction.
Syringogaster amazonensis Prado 1969
Creators: name: Marshall, S. A.
name: Buck, M.
name: Skevington, J. H.
name: Grimaldi, D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syringogastridae
Syringogaster
Syringogaster amazonensis

description: Syringogaster amazonensis Prado
Map 1
 Syringogaster amazonensis Prado, 1969: 12.
 This species remains known only from the type female collected in the state of Pará, Brazil and deposited in the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro. We have thus far been unable to examine the type, and Prado (1969) provided only a wing figure and a sketch of the head. The wing venation, with the fork of CuA basal to bm-cu, is more plesiomorphic than in any other known species of Syringogaster, and places S. amazonensis in the figurata -group. The species appears to be similar to S. atricalyx and can be separated from the latter by the characters provided in the key.
TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype ♀ (not examined): BRAZIL. Pará, Road Belém – Bragança km 100, H.S. Lopes, 13.vii.1965 (FIOC, No. 13.380)
description: Published as part of Marshall, S. A., Buck, M., Skevington, J. H. & Grimaldi, D., 2009, A revision of the family Syringogastridae (Diptera: Diopsoidea), pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 1996 (1) on page 18
Marketing reforms, market development and agricultural production in China
Creators: name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Rozelle, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Chinese agricultural reforms have consisted of two transitional stages; initially decollectivization in the late 1970s followed by market liberalization in the mid 1980s. While much research has been conducted on the initial stage of increasing the incentives for farmers in collective cultivation, little quantitative evidence exists on how marketing reforms and the development of rural markets has affected agricultural production decisions. Using more accurate and disaggregated measures of the reform and market development components of liberalization than previous research, this study examined the effects of these liberalization policies on the agricultural production decisions in Shaanxi province. Procurement quota levels were found to be positively associated with the area planted to grain crops. Thus, quotas represent an effective way of increasing grain production and thereby also a means of achieving food self sufficiency which remains an important policy objective for the Chinese government. The involvement of state grain stations in free market grain trade and the expansion of rural markets has increased the area planted to the two potential cash crops, soybeans and wheat, and reduced the sown area of the subsistence crop, corn reflecting the reduced need to plant corn as a self insurance mechanism for smoothing consumption. An increase in procurement quotas increases fertilizer use on grain crops, due to the policy of linking quotas to access to below-market priced fertilizer, but decreases the use of labor, which shifts to other more profitable enterprises. Market development has increased these off-farm employment opportunities and the earnings associated with them, thereby promoting the shift of labor out of crop production and increased the use of fertilizer which has also become more available.
Shear viscosity as a probe of nodal topology
Creators: name: Moore, Marianne
name: Surowka, Piotr
name: Juricic, Vladimir
name: Roy, Bitan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic materials can sustain a variety of unusual, but symmetry protected touchings of valence and conduction bands, each of which is identified by a distinct topological invariant. Well-known examples include linearly dispersing pseudo-relativistic fermions in monolayer graphene, Weyl and nodal-loop semimetals, biquadratic (bicubic) band touching in bilayer (trilayer) graphene, as well as mixed dispersions in multi-Weyl systems. Here we show that depending on the underlying band curvature, the shear viscosity in the collisionless regime displays a unique power-law scaling with frequency at low temperatures, bearing the signatures of the band topology, which are distinct from the ones when the system resides at the brink of a topological phase transition into a band insulator. Therefore, besides the density of states (governing specific heat, compressibility) and dynamic conductivity, shear viscosity can be instrumental to pin nodal topology in electronic materials.
description: Published Version: 6 Pages, 2 Figures (Supplementary as Ancillary file)
Restoration: Bridging the Gaps A Graphic Translation of Ecological Restoration
Creators: name: Black, Alyssandra
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: The terms restoration ecology and ecological restoration are used interchangeably confusing the definition and work of ecological restoration and its many components. Restoration ecology is a type of scientific practice whose work will be a component of a restoration project while ecological restoration is the sum of practices, social, historical and ecological that constitute the field of restoration (Higgs, 2005). Within our rapidly urbanizing society the role of ecological restoration and restoring ecosystem services is increasingly important, especially within our coastal cities. The goals of restoration differ when the classification of restoration techniques is by ecosystem service, not ecological function, framing restoration around people’s use of the ecosystem, not the ecosystems needs. The problems faced in restoration work affect social, historical and ecological aspects that reach beyond the physical and political boundaries of the restoration site. Ecological restorationists need to understand the differences in framing that a non-universal definition for ecological restoration creates, while also understanding how to bridge these differences. One solution is graphic communication and representation of the different components that scientists and non-scientists alike can understand. This study uses restoration project plans to illustrate the goals within projects, and shows where the goals of scientists and designers conflict and harmonize. Shown through map overlays and graphics, this comparison provides professionals within the field, with resources and illustrations to better communicate. In addition, graphics and matrices will illustrate key terms, concepts and the intersection of restoration types with habitat types, ecosystem services and social components. In conclusion, this study addresses differences in ways of learning, and kinds of knowledge other than science needed in ecological restoration projects, and uses graphics to bridge these gaps.
Measuring the Phases of G_E and G_M of the Nucleon
Creators: name: Rock, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleon electromagnetic form factors G_E and G_M are complex quantities in the time-like region. The absolute values can be determined by measuring the angular distribution of the nucleons in e^+ e^- --> N N-bar. The complex phase can only be determined by measuring one or more polarizations of the initial or final state. For PEP-N, we can use unpolarized e+ and e- and measure the polarization of one of the outgoing nucleons.
description: e+e- Physics at Intermediate Energies Workshop Contribution W14
We Are French. Et Anglais Nous Restons.
Creators: name: Bowie, Alison Jane
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: French Canadian playwright Joseph Armand Leclaire (1888-1931) was very well known and respected in his time. Although he wrote over thirty plays, lyrics to several songs and an abundance of political poems, most of his work has been lost and Leclaire himself seems to have been forgotten. Several of his plays were produced at the time they were written, including his 1916 play La petite maîtresse de l'école (later published in 1929 as Le petit maître d'école), but none have been presented postumously nor have any been translated. This M. F. A. thesis presents the first ever translation and adpatation of Leclaire's play, titled in English as The Little Schoolmaster. The first half of the thesis provide historical context for the play's significance, as well as information about Armand Leclaire and the changes he made to his own work between the original 1916 version and the 1929 published version. The thesis then analyses the creative acts of translation and adaptation, proposing a new model of translation for a linguistically rich audience. Through this new model of translation-adaptation for a bilingual spectrum, the thesis concludes by demonstrating that dramaturgy can serve as a dynamic instrument for communities to engage in the exploration of bilingual and bicultural identity.
A Quantization of 2+1-Gravity Related to High-Energy Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Ciafaloni, M.
name: Munier, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that canonical quantization of the two-body problem in 2+1-Gravity is related to the high-energy equation in Yang-Mills theory by a proper ordering of the relevant operators. This feature arises from expanding the Hamiltonian around its conformal limit - or treating running coupling effects in the Yang-Mills case - and yields a peculiar short distance behaviour of the wave functions.
description: 11 pages
Charge and statistics of lattice quasiholes from density measurements: a Tree Tensor Network study
Creators: name: Macaluso, Elia
name: Comparin, Tommaso
name: Umucalılar, Rifat Onur
name: Gerster, Matthias
name: Montangero, Simone
name: Rizzi, Matteo
name: Carusotto, Iacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the properties of the quasihole excitations above the bosonic fractional Chern insulator state at filling $ν= 1/2$, in the specific case of the Harper-Hofstadter Hamiltonian with hard-core interactions. For this purpose we employ a Tree Tensor Network technique, which allows us to study systems with up to $N=18$ particles on a $16 \times 16$ lattice and experiencing an additional harmonic confinement. First, we observe the quantization of the quasihole charge at fractional values and its robustness against the shape and strength of the impurity potentials used to create and localize such excitations. Then, we numerically characterize quasihole anyonic statistics by applying a discretized version of the relation connecting the statistics of quasiholes in the lowest Landau level to the depletions they create in the density profile [Macaluso et al., arXiv:1903.03011]. Our results give a direct proof of the anyonic statistics for quasiholes of fractional Chern insulators, starting from a realistic Hamiltonian. Moreover, they provide strong indications that this property can be experimentally probed through local density measurements, making our scheme readily applicable in state-of-the-art experiments with ultracold atoms and superconducting qubits.
description: 13 pages (incl appendix), 7 figures -- updated references -- to be published in Phys. Rev. Research
MOESM2 of Room4Birth - the effect of an adaptable birthing room on labour and birth outcomes for nulliparous women at term with spontaneous labour start: study protocol for a randomised controlled superiority trial in Sweden
Creators: name: Berg, Marie
name: Goldkuhl, Lisa
name: Nilsson, Christina
name: Wijk, Helle
name: Gyllensten, Hanna
name: Lindahl, Göran
name: Moberg, Kerstin Uvnäs
name: Begley, Cecily
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Room4Birth study variables.
Hot exciton transport in WSe2 monolayers
Creators: name: Leon, Darwin F. Cordovilla
name: Li, Zidong
name: Jang, Sung Woon
name: Deotare, Parag B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate hot exciton transport in h-BN encapsulated WSe2 monolayers via spatially and temporally resolved photoluminescence measurements at room temperature. We show that the nonlinear evolution of the mean squared displacement of the non-resonantly excited hot exciton gas is primarily due to the relaxation of its excess kinetic energy and is characterized by a density-dependent fast expansion that converges to a slower, constant rate expansion. We also observe saturation of the hot exciton gas' expansion rate at high excitation densities due to the balance between Auger-assisted hot exciton generation and the phonon-assisted hot exciton relaxation processes.
Polarized Virtual Photon Structure Function $g_2^γ$ and Twist-3 Effects in QCD
Creators: name: Baba, Hideshi
name: Sasaki, Ken
name: Uematsu, Tsuneo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the twist-3 effects in the polarized virtual photon structure. The structure functions $g_1^γ$ and $g_2^γ$ of polarized photon could be experimentally studied in the future polarized $ep$ or $e^+e^-$ colliders. The leading contributions to $g_1^γ$ are the twist-2 effects, while another structure function $g_2^γ$, which only exists for the virtual photon target, receives not only the twist-2 but also twist-3 contributions. We first show that the twist-3 effects actually exist in the box-diagram contributions and we extract the twist-3 part, which can also be reproduced by the pure QED operator product expansion. We then calculate the non-trivial lowest moment ($n=3$) of the twist-3 contribution to $g_2^γ$ in QCD. For large $N_c$ (the number of colors), the QCD analysis of the twist-3 effects in the flavor nonsinglet part of $g_2^γ$ becomes tractable and we can obtain its moments in a compact form for all $n$.
description: 27 pages, LaTeX, 9 eps figures, eqsection.sty file included, Appendix A added, some minor changes for Fig.1
Almost sure Weyl law for quantized tori
Creators: name: Vogel, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the eigenvalues of the Toeplitz quantization of complex-valued functions on the torus subject to small random perturbations given by a complex-valued random matrix whose entries are independent copies of a random variable with mean $0$, variance $1$ and bounded fourth moment. We prove that the eigenvalues of the perturbed operator satisfy a Weyl law with probability close to one, which proves in particular a conjecture by T. Christiansen and M. Zworski.
description: 47 pages, 1 figure
Anomalous transverse acoustic phonon broadening in the relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O_3
Creators: name: Koo, T. -Y.
name: Gehring, P. M.
name: Shirane, G.
name: Kiryukhin, V.
name: Lee, G.
name: Cheong, S. -W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsic linewidth $Γ_{TA}$ of the transverse acoustic (TA) phonon observed in the relaxor ferroelectric compound Pb(Mg$_{1/3}$Nb$_{2/3})_{0.8}$Ti$_{0.2}$O$_3$ (PMN-20%PT) begins to broaden with decreasing temperature around 650 K, nearly 300 K above the ferroelectric transition temperature $T_c$ ($\sim 360$ K). We speculate that this anomalous behavior is directly related to the condensation of polarized, nanometer-sized, regions at the Burns temperature $T_d$. We also observe the ``waterfall'' anomaly previously seen in pure PMN, in which the transverse optic (TO) branch appears to drop precipitously into the TA branch at a finite momentum transfer $q_{wf} \sim 0.15$ Å$^{-1}$. The waterfall feature is seen even at temperatures above $T_d$. This latter result suggests that the PNR exist as dynamic entities above $T_d$.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Kinetics of Aluminization and Homogenization in Wrought H-X750 Nickel-Base Superalloy
Creators: name: Reilly, Sean
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description:  
In sub-millimeter sheets of wrought H-X750 Nickel-base superalloy, aluminum-rich coatings are bonded to matrix with a vapor phase aluminization process. If an appropriate amount of aluminum is bonded to matrix with homogenization treatment, the resulting diffusion couple will diffuse into coherent (g/g’) heterogeneous phases creating matrix that is both precipitation and solid solution strengthened.
The diffusional mechanisms for solid solution mass transport involved with the growth and dispersion of bonded aluminum-rich coatings in the aluminization process only differ from the no external mass flow homogenization process with annealing treatment in that the boundary conditions are different. In each case these forces that activate diffusion at the macroscopic level are connected to the activation energies of random walks of atoms on a wide scale at the angstrom level.
An overview of wrought Nickel-base superalloy is presented. Starting with thin sheets the alloy will be aluminized and homogenized. The research from this study will determine the parameters for the movement of the phase boundaries, mass transport, and the time variant concentration fields for both the aluminization and homogenization processes. This is predictable for both single dimension fluxes assuming the interdiffusivities and fluxes at the phase boundaries are known. Because mass-transport is related to the movement of the phase boundaries through density, an investigation into the less dense aluminum-rich coatings and resultant matrix is also included.
Hovering
Creators: name: Blatt, Benjamin J
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Hovering is an attempt to navigate the contemporary digital environment through traditional means. The imagery created function as paintings, photographs, prints, and drawings. They explore and raise questions about visual perception and sensory awareness, as well as highlighting the modular limitations of the pixelated image and the illusion of reality in the digital landscape.
Vegetable Protein Intake and Early Menopause in the Nurses’ Health Study II
Creators: name: Boutot, Maegan
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Early menopause, the cessation of ovarian function prior to age 45, affects 5-10% of Western women and is associated with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes, including premature mortality and cardiovascular disease. Recent literature suggests that high vegetable protein intake may prolong female reproductive function, but no study has evaluated the association between this exposure and early menopause. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between cumulative vegetable protein intake as a percentage of total calories and early menopause in the Nurses’ Health Study II cohort. Women included in analyses were premenopausal at baseline (1991) and followed for up to 20 years. Cases (n=2,077) were defined as women experiencing natural menopause before age 45; women were excluded if early menopause was a result of hysterectomy, oophorectomy or radiation treatment. Non-cases were women whose age at menopause was 45 or greater or who were older than 45 and still premenopausal in 2011 (n=51,007). Intake of vegetable and animal protein was assessed every four years via food frequency questionnaires. In Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for age, smoking, diet, and behavioral factors, women in the highest quintile of cumulatively averaged vegetable protein intake (median=6.5%) had a significant 18% lower likelihood of experiencing early menopause as compared to women in the lowest quintile (3.9%) (95% CI: 0.71-0.94; P-trend=0.004). In contrast, animal and total protein was unrelated to risk. Results were similar in analyses limited to never smokers and never oral contraceptive users. Our findings suggest vegetable protein intake may be inversely associated with early menopause.
Scattering of partially coherent radiation by non-Hermitian localized structures having Parity-Time symmetry
Creators: name: Brandão, Paulo. A.
name: Cavalcanti, Solange B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical model based on two-point scatterers is suggested to investigate scattering of partially coherent radiation by a non-Hermitian localized structure, invariant under the simultaneous symmetry operations of parity inversion and time reversal. Within the first-order Born approximation, and the formalism of classical coherence theory, the spectral density of the scattered field in the far zone is obtained analytically. We find that the unidirectional character of the scattered radiation, which is one of the principal effects present in non-Hermitian structures, may be suppressed due to the coherence properties of the radiation without changing the geometry of the structure. Asymmetric spectral changes of the scattered radiation due to the non-Hermitian character of the material are also observed.
LISA, binary stars, and the mass of the graviton
Creators: name: Cutler, Curt
name: Hiscock, William A.
name: Larson, Shane L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend and improve earlier estimates of the ability of the proposed LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) gravitational wave detector to place upper bounds on the graviton mass, m_g, by comparing the arrival times of gravitational and electromagnetic signals from binary star systems. We show that the best possible limit on m_g obtainable this way is ~ 50 times better than the current limit set by Solar System measurements. Among currently known, well-understood binaries, 4U1820-30 is the best for this purpose; LISA observations of 4U1820-30 should yield a limit ~ 3-4 times better than the present Solar System bound. AM CVn-type binaries offer the prospect of improving the limit by a factor of 10, if such systems can be better understood by the time of the LISA mission. We briefly discuss the likelihood that radio and optical searches during the next decade will yield binaries that more closely approach the best possible case.
description: ReVTeX 4, 6 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Phys Rev D
Inflation of fireballs, the gluon wind and the homogeneity of the HBT radii at RHIC
Creators: name: Csorgo, T.
name: Zimanyi, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve analytically the ellipsoidally expanding fireball hydrodynamics with source terms in the momentum and the energy equations, using the non-relativistic approximation. We find that energy transport from high pt jets of gluons to the medium leads to a transient, exponential inflation of the fireballs created in high energy heavy ion collisions. In this transient, inflatory period, the slopes of the single particle spectra increase, while the HBT radius parameters decrease exponentially with time. This effect is shown to be similar to the development of the homogeneity of our Universe due to an inflatory period. Independently of the initial conditions, and the exact value of the freeze-out time and temperature, the meausurables (single particle spectra, the correlation functions, the slope parameters, elliptic flow, HBT radii and cross terms) become time independent during the late, non-inflatory stages of the expansion, and they satisfy new kind of scaling laws. If the expansion starts with a transient inflation caused by the gluon wind, it leads naturally to large transverse flows and the simultaneous equality and scaling behaviour of the HBT radius parameters, R_{side} \approx R_{out} \approx R_{long} \approx t_f \sqrt{T_f/m}. With certain relativistic corrections, the scaling limit is τ_f \sqrt{T_f/m_t}, where m_t is the mean transverse mass of the pair.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, uses budapest1.sty, Heavy Ion Physics in press
Are models and respondents talking the same language: evidence from stated and inferred discontinuous preferences in a choice experiment valuing public goods?
Creators: name: Espinosa, Maria
name: Rodriguez, Macario
name: Madureira, Livia Maria Costa
name: Santos, Jose Lima
name: Gomez Y Paloma, Sergio
name: Espinosa, Maria
name: Rodriguez, Macario
name: Madureira, Livia Maria Costa
name: Santos, Jose Lima
name: Gomez Y Paloma, Sergio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Choice Experiments
subject: discontinuous preferences
subject: stated preferences
subject: inferred preferences
subject: 2k latent class model

description: In the choice experiment framework, it is assumed that respondents consider all the attributes when making their choices. However, there is evidence that respondents may not consider all the attributes. This study has proved that in our Choice Experiment survey evaluating public goods, there is significant correlation between the stated preferences declared in a continuous scale by the respondents and the parameter estimates inferred from the models. The correlation has been tested for the coefficient of variation estimated in a Random Parameter Logit and the probability of ignoring derived from a 2K latent class model.
Relationship between attention and choice making
Creators: name: Grebitus, Carola
name: Seitz, Carolin
name: Grebitus, Carola
name: Seitz, Carolin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Attention
subject: Attributes
subject: Bias
subject: Choice experiments
subject: Perception

description: Choice experiments are often used to determine consumers’ preferences and willingness to pay for product attributes. The design of choice experiments and its influence on measurement of consumer choices has received considerable attention. This study analyzes the influence of attention on the final choice by combining choice experiments with eye tracking. Furthermore, the role of choice set complexity on choice is investigated. Results show that in less complex designs the total gaze time, i.e., overall attention, influences the choice. In contrast, in more complex designs the time to first fixation, i.e., the first look at an attribute affects the choice.
Information, Random Regret Minimisation, Random Utility Maximisation: Willingness to pay for Renewable Energy
Creators: name: Longo, Alberto
name: Boeri, Marco
name: Longo, Alberto
name: Boeri, Marco
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Random Regret Minimization
subject: Random Utility Maximisation
subject: renewable energy
subject: energy security
subject: greenhouse gases emissions

description: We investigate how different levels of information affect respondents’ preferences as well as choice behaviour in choice experiments by analysing respondents’ choices using two choice paradigms: the Random Utility Maximisation (RUM) and the Random Regret Minimization (RRM). The RRM offers a tractable, regret-based model complementary to the dominant RUM. Analysing choice related to hypothetical programmes for the promotion of renewable energy, we find that varying the level of information does not affect preferences and scale, whilst it does affect the choice paradigm. Additional information increases the probability that a respondent’s choices are better explained by the RUM than the RRM.
Are ranking preferences information methods comparable with the choice experiment information in predicting actual behavior?
Creators: name: Yangui, Ahmed1
name: Akaichi, Faiçal
name: Costa-Font, Montserrat
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Yangui, Ahmed1
name: Akaichi, Faiçal
name: Costa-Font, Montserrat
name: Gil, Jose Maria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: conjoint analysis
subject: best worst scaling
subject: external validity
subject: experimental economics
subject: hypothetical bias

description: Parting from the issue which elicited value method best predict real consumer’ behavior, this study compares the ability of hypothetical and non-hypothetical choice experiment respect to incentive compatible ranking conjoint analysis and sequential best worst scaling in terms of estimated partworths, internal and external predictive power, estimated WTP, and participants’ response consistency. In general, the results reveal higher preferences regularity between the respondents across the different treatments implying not statistically difference in the marginal participants’ WTP. Additionally, the participants behave similarly whether there are asked to choose or to state their most preferred through two ranking elicitation mechanism. However, the advantage of the best worst scaling in it cognitive process which could be considered clearness for participants has been illustrated in statistical significant increment of external predictive power of the method compared with ranking conjoint analysis