cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Permutation symmetry in large N Matrix Quantum Mechanics and Partition Algebras
Creators: name: Barnes, George
name: Padellaro, Adrian
name: Ramgoolam, Sanjaye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe the implications of permutation symmetry for the state space and dynamics of quantum mechanical systems of matrices of general size $N$. We solve the general 11- parameter permutation invariant quantum matrix harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian and calculate the canonical partition function. The permutation invariant sector of the Hilbert space, for general Hamiltonians, can be described using partition algebra diagrams forming the bases of a tower of partition algebras $P_k(N)$. The integer $k$ is interpreted as the degree of matrix oscillator polynomials in the quantum mechanics. Families of interacting Hamiltonians are described which are diagonalised by a representation theoretic basis for the permutation invariant subspace which we construct for $ N \ge 2k $. These include Hamiltonians for which the low-energy states are permutation invariant and can give rise to large ground state degeneracies related to the dimensions of partition algebras. A symmetry-based mechanism for quantum many body scars discussed in the literature can be realised in these matrix systems with permutation symmetry. A mapping of the matrix index values to lattice sites allows a realisation of the mechanism in the context of modified Bose-Hubbard models. Extremal correlators analogous to those studied in AdS/CFT are shown to obey selection rules based on Clebsch-Gordan multiplicities (Kronecker coefficients) of symmetric groups.
description: 64 pages + Appendices, 2 figures
Weak antilocalization in HgTe quantum well with inverted energy spectrum
Creators: name: Minkov, G. M.
name: Germanenko, A. V.
name: Rut, O. E.
name: Sherstobitov, A. A.
name: Dvoretski, S. A.
name: Mikhailov, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of experimental study of the magnetoconductivity of 2D electron gas caused by suppression of the interference quantum correction in HgTe single quantum well heterostructure with the inverted energy spectrum are presented. It is shown that only the antilocalization magnetoconductivity is observed at the relatively high conductivity $σ>(20-30)G_0$, where $G_0= e^2/2π^2\hbar$. The antilocalization correction demonstrates a crossover from $0.5\ln{(τ_ϕ/τ)}$ to $1.0\ln{(τ_ϕ/τ)}$ behavior with the increasing conductivity or decreasing temperature (here $τ_ϕ$ and $τ$ are the phase relaxation and transport relaxation times, respectively). It is interpreted as a result of crossover to the regime when the two chiral branches of the electron energy spectrum contribute to the weak antilocalization independently. At lower conductivity $σ
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Development of Tools for the Classification of Peer Groups Geographies in the Analysis of Health Care Variation
Creators: name: Pinzari, Ludovico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.3; J.3
subject: 60

description: This dissertation is based on a project co-founded by the Health Market Quality Program (now Rozetta Institute) and the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. The overall objective of this work is to provide a framework and a tool for classification and clustering of homogeneous geographic areas based on aggregated population data. Thus, to enable the presentation and reporting of comparable information of individual units with peers, I develop the Homogeneity and Location indices to measure respectively the dispersion and central tendency of a categorical ordinal distribution. The advantages of such indices include statistical efficiency and a simple presentation of results. Our approach is founded on the general theory of probability distributions, and our aim is to provide a natural benchmark for a homogeneity measure in terms of what is a "high" and "low" concentration of a probability distribution. Currently, there is no accepted benchmark that could be used to assess the homogeneity of a categorical ordinal variable. In this work, the proposed statistical indices are used to assess the socioeconomic homogeneity of the commonly used SA3 Australia census geography and analyse the variation of GP attenders in the metropolitan area of Sydney. The approach can be used to classify any geographic area and explore variation across any specified geographical boundaries. The SA3 dataset and scripts (R/Python) to develop these indices have been made available on my GitHub account: https://github.com/lpinzari/homogeneity-location-index
description: 235 pages, 30 figures
Bulk viscosity of dilute monatomic gases
Creators: name: Sharma, Bhanuday
name: Kumar, Rakesh
name: Pareek, Savitha
name: Singh, Ashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensive research has been carried out in the past to estimate the bulk viscosity of dense monatomic fluids; however, little attention has been paid to estimate the same in the dilute gas regime. In this work, we perform precise Green-Kubo calculations in molecular dynamics simulations to estimate the bulk viscosity of dilute argon gas. The investigated temperature and pressure range is 300 to 750 K and 0.5 to 1.5 bar respectively. It is observed that the estimated bulk viscosity is $O(10^{-10})$ Pa s, which is several orders of magnitude smaller than that of other diatomic and polyatomic gases, but nonetheless, not an absolute zero as typically assumed. It implies that Stokes' hypothesis is true for dilute monatomic gases only in an approximate rather than absolute sense. The variation of bulk viscosity with pressures at constant temperatures has also been studied and is found to be of quadratic nature. The obtained bulk viscosity values are also reported in the reduced Lennard-Jones units to enable extension of the present results to other noble gases as well. It has also been observed that the bulk viscosity of Lennard-Jones monatomic gases becomes temperature independent at very low densities.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Anderson localization in dissipative lattices
Creators: name: Longhi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anderson localization predicts that wave spreading in disordered lattices can come to a complete halt, providing a universal mechanism for {dynamical localization}. In the one-dimensional Hermitian Anderson model with uncorrelated diagonal disorder, there is a one-to-one correspondence between dynamical localization and spectral localization, i.e. the exponential localization of all the Hamiltonian eigenfunctions. This correspondence can be broken when dealing with disordered dissipative lattices. Recently, it has been shown that when the system exchanges particles with the surrounding environment and random fluctuations of the dissipation are introduced, spectral localization is observed but without dynamical localization. Such previous studies considered lattices with mixed conservative (Hamiltonian) and dissipative dynamics, and were restricted to a semiclassical analysis. However, Anderson localization in purely dissipative lattices, displaying an entirely Lindbladian dynamics, remains largely unexplored. Here we consider the purely-dissipative Anderson model in the framework of a Lindblad master equation and show that, akin to the semiclassical models with conservative hopping and random dissipation, one observes dynamical delocalization in spite of strong spectral localization of all eigenstates of the Liouvillian superoperator. This result is very distinct than delocalization observed in the Anderson model with dephasing effects, where dynamical delocalization arises from the delocalization of the stationary state of the Liouvillian superoperator.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Annalen der Physik
Zeno effect and switching of solitons in nonlinear couplers
Creators: name: Abdullaev, F. Kh.
name: Konotop, V. V.
name: Ogren, M.
name: Soerensen, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Zeno effect is investigated for soliton type pulses in a nonlinear directional coupler with dissipation. The effect consists in increase of the coupler transparency with increase of the dissipative losses in one of the arms. It is shown that localized dissipation can lead to switching of solitons between the arms. Power losses accompanying the switching can be fully compensated by using a combination of dissipative and active (in particular, parity-time -symmetric) segments.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Optics Letters
Obstacle-Transformer: A Trajectory Prediction Network Based on Surrounding Trajectories
Creators: name: Zhang, Wendong
name: Chai, Qingjie
name: Zhang, Quanqi
name: Wu, Chengwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recurrent Neural Network, Long Short-Term Memory, and Transformer have made great progress in predicting the trajectories of moving objects. Although the trajectory element with the surrounding scene features has been merged to improve performance, there still exist some problems to be solved. One is that the time series processing models will increase the inference time with the increase of the number of prediction sequences. Another lies in which the features can not be extracted from the scene's image and point cloud in some situations. Therefore, this paper proposes an Obstacle-Transformer to predict trajectory in a constant inference time. An ``obstacle'' is designed by the surrounding trajectory rather than images or point clouds, making Obstacle-Transformer more applicable in a wider range of scenarios. Experiments are conducted on ETH and UCY data sets to verify the performance of our model.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Reversible Dissipative Processes, Conformal Motions and Landau Damping
Creators: name: Herrera, L.
name: Di Prisco, A.
name: Ibañez, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of a dissipative flux vector is known to be compatible with reversible processes, provided a timelike conformal Killing vector (CKV) $χ^α=\frac{V^α}{T}$ (where $V^α$ and $T$ denote the four-velocity and temperature respectively) is admitted by the space-time. Here we show that if a constitutive transport equation, either within the context of standard irreversible thermodynamics or the causal Israel--Stewart theory, is adopted, then such a compatibility also requires vanishing dissipative fluxes. Therefore, in this later case the vanishing of entropy production generated by the existence of such CKV is not actually associated to an imperfect fluid, but to a non-dissipative one. We discuss also about Landau damping.
description: 3 pages Revtex. To appear in Phys. Lett. A
Dynamical change under slowly changing conditions: the quantum Kruskal-Neishtadt-Henrard theorem
Creators: name: Stabel, Peter
name: Anglin, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adiabatic approximations break down classically when a constant-energy contour splits into separate contours, forcing the system to choose which daughter contour to follow; the choices often represent qualitatively different behavior, so that slowly changing conditions induce a sudden and drastic change in dynamics. The Kruskal-Henrard-Neishtadt theorem relates the probability of each choice to the rates at which the phase space areas enclosed by the different contours are changing. This represents a connection within closed-system mechanics, and without dynamical chaos, between spontaneous change and increase in phase space measure, as required by the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Quantum mechanically, in contrast, dynamical tunneling allows adiabaticity to persist, for very slow parameter change, through a classical splitting of energy contours; the classical and adiabatic limits fail to commute. Here we show that a quantum form of the Kruskal-Neishtadt-Henrard theorem holds nonetheless, due to unitarity.
Topological magnetic phase transition in Eu-based A-type antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Heinrich, Eliot
name: Posske, Thore
name: Flebus, Benedetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) was observed in EuCd$_2$P$_2$ -- a compound that does not fit the conventional mixed-valence paradigm. Instead, experimental evidence points at a resistance driven by strong magnetic fluctuations within the two-dimensional ($2d$) ferromagnetic (FM) planes of the layered antiferromagnetic (AFM) structure. While the experimental results have not yet been fully understood, a recent theory relates the CMR to a topological vortex-antivortex unbinding, i.e., Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT), phase transition. Motivated by these observations, in this work we explore the magnetic phases hosted by a microscopic classical magnetic model for EuCd$_2$P$_2$, which easily generalizes to other Eu A-type antiferromagnetic compounds. Using Monte Carlo techniques to probe the specific heat and the helicity modulus, we show that our model can exhibit a vortex-antivortex unbinding phase transition. We find that this phase transition displays the same sensitivity to in-plane magnetization, interlayer coupling, and easy-plane anisotropy that is observed experimentally in the CMR signal, providing qualitative numerical evidence that the effect is related to a magnetic BKT transition.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Quantum Refrigerator and the III-law of Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Levy, Amikam
name: Alicki, Robert
name: Kosloff, Ronnie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rate of temperature decrease of a cooled quantum bath is studied as its temperature is reduced to the absolute zero. The III-law of thermodynamics is then quantified dynamically by evaluating the characteristic exponent ζ of the cooling process dT(t)/dt \sim -T^ζ when approaching the absolute zero, T \rightarrow 0. A continuous model of a quantum refrigerator is employed consisting of a working medium composed either by two coupled harmonic oscillators or two coupled 2-level systems. The refrigerator is a nonlinear device merging three currents from three heat baths: a cold bath to be cooled, a hot bath as an entropy sink, and a driving bath which is the source of cooling power. A heat driven refrigerator (absorption refrigerator) is compared to a power driven refrigerator. When optimized both cases lead to the same exponent ζ, showing a lack of dependence on the form of the working medium and the characteristics of the drivers. The characteristic exponent is therefore determined by the properties of the cold reservoir and its interaction with the system. Two generic heat baths models are considered, a bath composed of harmonic oscillators and a bath composed from ideal Bose/Fermi gas. The restrictions on the interaction Hamiltonian imposed by the III-law are discussed. In the appendix the theory of periodicaly driven open systems and its implication to thermodynamics is outlined.
Discovery of $T_{c\bar s 0}^a(2900)^{0,++}$ implies new charmed-strange pentaquark system
Creators: name: An, Hong-Tao
name: Liu, Zhan-Wei
name: Yu, Fu-Sheng
name: Liu, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the very recently discovered tetraquark states $T_{c\bar s 0}^a(2900)^{0,++}$ from the LHCb Collaboration, we predict the existence of a new charmed-strange pentaquark system, $c\bar s nnn$, which is closely connected to $c\bar s n\bar n$ by exchanging $\bar n$ into $nn$ with $n=u,d$. Especially, it is suggested to experimentally search for the predicted new pentaquark system via the weak decays of $B$ mesons or $b$-baryons, with the support from the study of the mass spectrum and the decay properties. The predicted new pentaquark system must attract extensive attention from experimentalists and theorists when it constructs the ``particle zoo 2.0" in the near future.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures and 2 tables
SDSS J133401.39+331534.3: A New Subarcsecond Gravitationally Lensed Quasar
Creators: name: Rusu, Cristian E.
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Inada, Naohisa
name: Kayo, Issha
name: Iye, Masanori
name: Hayano, Yutaka
name: Oya, Shin
name: Hattori, Masayuki
name: Saito, Yoshihiko
name: Ito, Meguru
name: Minowa, Yosuke
name: Pyo, Tae-Soo
name: Terada, Hiroshi
name: Takami, Hideki
name: Watanabe, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasar SDSS J133401.39+331534.3 at z = 2.426 is found to be a two-image gravitationally lensed quasar with the image separation of 0.833. The object is first identified as a lensed quasar candidate in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens Search, and then confirmed as a lensed system from follow-up observations at the Subaru and University of Hawaii 2.2-meter telescopes. We estimate the redshift of the lensing galaxy to be 0.557 based on absorption lines in the quasar spectra as well as the color of the galaxy. In particular, we observe the system with the Subaru Telescope AO188 adaptive optics with laser guide star, in order to derive accurate astrometry, which well demonstrates the usefulness of the laser guide star adaptive optics imaging for studying strong lens systems. Our mass modeling with improved astrometry implies that a nearby bright galaxy $\sim 4"$ apart from the lensing galaxy is likely to affect the lens potential.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures. ApJ, in press
The BCS-Bogoliubov and the su(2)-Algebraic Approach to the Pairing Model in Many-Fermion System
Creators: name: Tsue, Y.
name: Providencia, C.
name: da Providencia, J.
name: Yamamura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between two approaches to the su(2)-algebraic many-fermion model is discussed: (1) the BCS-Bogoliubov approach in terms of the use of the quasiparticles representing all the degrees of freedom except those related to the Cooper-pairs and (2) the conventional algebraic approach in terms of the use of the minimum weight states, from which the Cooper-pairs are excluded. In order to arrive at the goal, the idea of the quasiparticles is brought up in the conservation of the fermion number. Under the c-number replacement for the three su(2)-generators, the quasiparticles suggested in this paper are reduced to those in the BCS-Bogoliubov approach. It is also shown that the two approaches are equivalent through the c-number replacement. Further, a certain modification of the BCS-Bogoliubov approach is discussed.
description: 23 pages, no figure
A handbook of holographic 4-point functions
Creators: name: Bzowski, Adam
name: McFadden, Paul
name: Skenderis, Kostas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive discussion of tree-level holographic $4$-point functions of scalar operators in momentum space. We show that each individual Witten diagram satisfies the conformal Ward identities on its own and is thus a valid conformal correlator. When the $β= Δ- d/2$ are half-integral, with $Δ$ the dimensions of the operators and $d$ the spacetime dimension, the Witten diagrams can be evaluated in closed form and we present explicit formulae for the case $d=3$ and $Δ=2,3$. These correlators require renormalization, which we carry out explicitly, and lead to new conformal anomalies and beta functions. Correlators of operators of different dimension may be linked via weight-shifting operators, which allow new correlators to be generated from given `seed' correlators. We present a new derivation of weight-shifting operators in momentum space and uncover several subtleties associated with their use: such operators map exchange diagrams to a linear combination of exchange and contact diagrams, and special care must be taken when renormalization is required.
description: 98 pp, 7 figs. v2: published version, new material on the OPE limit and exchange diagrams with derivative vertices
Stabilization of Stochastic Quantum Dynamics via Open and Closed Loop Control
Creators: name: Ticozzi, Francesco
name: Nishio, Kazunori
name: Altafini, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate parametrization-free solutions of the problem of quantum pure state preparation and subspace stabilization by means of Hamiltonian control, continuous measurement and quantum feedback, in the presence of a Markovian environment. In particular, we show that whenever suitable dissipative effects are induced either by the unmonitored environment or by non Hermitian measurements, there is no need for feedback control to accomplish the task. Constructive necessary and sufficient conditions on the form of the open-loop controller can be provided in this case. When open-loop control is not sufficient, filtering-based feedback control laws steering the evolution towards a target pure state are provided, which generalize those available in the literature.
Covariant fractional extension of the modified Laplace-operator used in 3D-shape recovery
Creators: name: Herrmann, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Extending the Liouville-Caputo definition of a fractional derivative to a nonlocal covariant generalization of arbitrary bound operators acting on multidimensional Riemannian spaces an appropriate approach for the 3D shape recovery of aperture afflicted 2D slide sequences is proposed. We demonstrate, that the step from a local to a nonlocal algorithm yields an order of magnitude in accuracy and by using the specific fractional approach an additional factor 2 in accuracy of the derived results.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, draft for proceedings IFAC FDA12 in Nanjing, China
An affine Weyl group action on the basic hypergeometric series arising from the $q$-Garnier system
Creators: name: Idomoto, Taiki
name: Suzuki, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B80, 33D15, 34M56, 39A13

description: Recently, we formulated the $q$-Garnier system and its variations as translations of an extended affine Weyl group of type $A^{(1)}_{2n+1}\times A^{(1)}_1\times A^{(1)}_1$. On the other hand, those systems admit particular solutions in terms of the basic hypergeometric series ${}_{n+1}ϕ_n$. In this article, we investigate an action of the extended affine Weyl group on ${}_{n+1}ϕ_n$.
description: 16 pages
On kinetic theories with color and spin from amplitudes
Creators: name: de la Cruz, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend a previously developed approach to relate thermal currents in the high temperature regime and classical limits of amplitudes. We consider the bi-adjoint scalar theory, which has the basic structure of a cubic theory and which is related to QCD and gravity through the double copy. In addition, we consider a generalization of scalar QED to model classical spin, where massive scalars are complex higher-spin fields. We derive Vlasov-type kinetic equations for bi-adjoint scalars and study their iterative solutions, while for QED we use well-known kinetic equations. In both cases we find consistency between these solutions and the amplitude-like approach.
description: 24 pages. V2: typos fixed and references updated. Version to be published
Instationäre Grenzschichteffekte an Tragflügelprofilen
Creators: name: Krüger, Stefan
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 1992
Subjects: classificationCode: 52.00
subject: Maschinenbau, Energietechnik, Fertigungstechnik: Allgemeines

description: Es wird ein Verfahren zur Berechnung von laminarer Ablösung sowie Stabilität und Transition von instationären zweidimensionalen Grenzschichten angegeben. Die laminare Grenzschichtrechnung erfolgt mit einem instationär modifizierten Karman-Pohlhausen-Verfahren. Die Lösung der instationär erweiterten Sommerfeld-Gleichung durch eine Galerkin-Approximation des instationären Eigenspektrums mittels Abspaltung der Zeitabhängigkeit liefert den Stabilitätspunkt der laminaren Lösung. Der Umschlagspunkt wird durch eine integrale Anfachungsrechnung unter Verwendung eines halbempirischen Transitionskriteriums ermittelt. Die Anwendung des vorgestellten Verfahrens auf instationäre Profilgrenzschichten liefert stets plausible Ergebnisse, in den wenigen Fällen, wo experimentelle Untersuchungen vorliegen, lassen sich die wesentlichen Effekte reproduzieren.
Molecular Layer Deposition of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Resists for Electron-Beam and Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Lithography
Creators: name: Ravi, Ajay
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: photoresists, molecular layer deposition, thin films, electron-beam lithography

description: The development of new resist materials is vital to fabrication techniques for next- generation microelectronics. Hybrid organic-inorganic materials are a promising class of resists because they have higher etch resistance, are more impervious to pattern collapse, and are more absorbing of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation than organic resists. However, there is limited understanding about how they behave under irradiation. In this work, we study the molecular layer deposition of Hf- and Al-based hybrid thin film resists, known as “hafnicone,” “oxygen- rich alucone,” and “standard alucone.” These resists were grown at 100ºC using the metal precursor tetrakis(dimethylamido)hafnium(IV) or trimethylaluminum as well as the organic precursor ethylene glycol. Electron-beam lithography, scanning electron microscopy and profilometry are used to investigate the resist performance of hafnicone, oxygen-rich alucone, and standard alucone. Like hafnicone, oxygen-rich alucone behaves as a negative tone resist that can resolve 50-nm line widths, though the line patterns of oxygen-rich alucone are more sharply defined than those of hafnicone. Whereas hafnicone displays a sensitivity of 400 μC/cm2 using 3 M HCl as the developer, the sensitivity of oxygen-rich alucone—4800 μC/cm2 using 0.125 M HCl—is not as good. Compared to oxygen-rich alucone, standard alucone offers superior (sub-25 nm) resolution at the expense of lower sensitivity (>13,000 μC/cm2 using 0.01 M HCl). In addition to determining the resist properties of the three films, we characterize hafnicone via x- ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and infrared spectroscopy (IR) to investigate its patterning mechanism, which is described in the context of classical nucleation theory. This study of hafnicone and alucone hybrid MLD demonstrates the ability for the bottom-up vapor deposition of inorganic resists to be used in advanced e-beam and EUV lithographic techniques.
Mapping Milky Way disk perturbations in stellar number density and vertical velocity using Gaia DR3
Creators: name: Widmark, Axel
name: Widrow, Lawrence M.
name: Naik, Aneesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have mapped the number density and mean vertical velocity of the Milky Way's stellar disk out to roughly two kiloparsecs from the Sun using Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) and complementary photo-astrometric distance information from StarHorse. For the number counts, we carefully masked spatial regions that are compromised by open clusters, great distances, or dust extinction and used Gaussian processes to arrive at a smooth, non-parametric estimate for the underlying number density field. We find that the number density and velocity fields depart significantly from an axisymmetric and mirror-symmetric model. These departures, which include projections of the Gaia phase-space spiral, signal the presence of local disturbances in the disk. We identify two features that are present in both stellar number density and mean vertical velocity. One of these features appears to be associated with the Local Spiral Arm. It is most prominent at small heights and is largely symmetric across the mid-plane of the disk. The density and velocity field perturbations are phase-shifted by roughly a quarter wavelength, suggesting a breathing mode that is propagating in the direction of Galactic longitude $l\sim 270$ deg. The second feature is a gradient in the stellar number density and mean vertical velocity with respect to Galactocentric radius. This feature, which extends across the entire region of our analysis, may be associated with the extension of the Galactic warp into the Solar neighbourhood in combination with more localised bending waves.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, appendices add 12 pages, 11 figures; accepted for publication in A&A
On the Peculiar Rotational Evolution of PSR B0950+08
Creators: name: Gügercinoğlu, Erbil
name: Köksal, Elif
name: Güver, Tolga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long-term rotational evolution of the old, isolated pulsar, PSR B0950+08 is intriguing in that its spin-down rate displays sinusoidal-like oscillations due to alternating variations, both in magnitude and sign, of the second time derivative of the pulse frequency. We show that the large internal temperature to pinning energy ratio towards the base of the crust implied by the recent high surface temperature measurement of PSR B0950+08 leads to linear creep interaction between vortex lines and pinning sites to operate in this pulsar. Vortex lines assume a parabolic shape due to pinning to nuclear clusters and finite tension of vortices acts as a restoring force that tends to bring a vortex back to its straight shape. The resulting low frequency oscillations of vortex lines combined with the time variable coupling between the internal superfluid components and the external pulsar braking torque give rise to an oscillatory spin-down rate. We apply this model to PSR B0950+08 observations for several external torque models. Our model has potential to constrain the radial extension of the closed magnetic field region in the outer core of neutron stars from the oscillation period of the spin-down rate.
description: 7 pages and 2 figures. MNRAS, in press
The macroeconomic effect of the information and communication technology in Hungary
Creators: name: Sasvari, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: It was not until the beginning of the 1990s that the effects of information and communication technology on economic growth as well as on the profitability of enterprises raised the interest of researchers. After giving a general description on the relationship between a more intense use of ICT devices and dynamic economic growth, the author identified and explained those four channels that had a robust influence on economic growth and productivity. When comparing the use of information technonology devices in developed as well as in developing countries, the author highlighted the importance of the available additional human capital and the elimination of organizational inflexibilities in the attempt of narrowing the productivity gap between the developed and developing nations. By processing a large quantitiy of information gained from Hungarian enterprises operating in several economic sectors, the author made an attempt to find a strong correlation between the development level of using ICT devices and profitability together with total factor productivity. Although the impact of using ICT devices cannot be measured unequivocally at the microeconomic level because of certain statistical and methodological imperfections, by applying such analytical methods as cluster analysis and correlation and regression calculation, the author managed to prove that both the correlation coefficient and the gradient of the regression trend line showed a positive relationship between the extensive use of information and communication technology and the profitability of enterprises.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Turing patterns in systems with high-order interactions
Creators: name: Muolo, Riccardo
name: Gallo, Luca
name: Latora, Vito
name: Frasca, Mattia
name: Carletti, Timoteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Turing theory of pattern formation is among the most popular theoretical means to account for the variety of spatio-temporal structures observed in Nature and, for this reason, finds applications in many different fields. While Turing patterns have been thoroughly investigated on continuous support and on networks, only a few attempts have been made towards their characterization in systems with higher-order interactions. In this paper, we propose a way to include group interactions in reaction-diffusion systems, and we study their effects on the formation of Turing patterns. To achieve this goal, we rewrite the problem originally studied by Turing in a general form that accounts for a microscropic description of interactions of any order in the form of a hypergraph, and we prove that the interplay between the different orders of interaction may either enhance or repress the emergence of Turing patterns. Our results shed light on the mechanisms of pattern-formation in systems with many-body interactions and pave the way for further extensions of Turing original framework.
A note on conjugacy problem for finite Sylow subgroups of infinite linear groups
Creators: name: Uğurlu, Pınar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G99, 03C20

description: We prove the conjugacy of Sylow $2$-subgroups in pseudofinite $\mathfrak{M}_c$ (in particular linear) groups under the assumption that there is at least one finite Sylow $2$-subgroup. We observe the importance of the pseudofiniteness assumption by analyzing an example of a linear group with non-conjugate finite Sylow $2$-subgroups which was constructed by Platonov.
Manifestly gauge invariant theory of the nonlinear cosmological perturbations in the leading order of the gradient expansion
Creators: name: Hamazaki, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the full nonlinear cosmological perturbation theory in the leading order of the gradient expansion, all the types of the gauge invariant perturbation variables are defined. The metric junction conditions across the spacelike transition hypersurface are formulated in a manifestly gauge invariant manner. It is manifestly shown that all the physical laws such as the evolution equations, the constraint equations, and the junction conditions can be written using the gauge invariant variables which we defined only. Based on the existence of the universal adiabatic growing mode in the nonlinear perturbation theory and the $ρ$ philosophy where the physical evolution are described using the energy density $ρ$ as the evolution parameter, we give the definitions of the adiabatic perturbation variable and the entropic perturbation variables in the full nonlinear perturbation theory. In order to give the analytic order estimate of the nonlinear parameter $f_{NL}$, we present the exponent evaluation method. As the models where $f_{NL}$ changes continuously and becomes large, using the $ρ$ philosophy, we investigate the non-Gaussianity induced by the entropic perturbation of the component which does not govern the cosmic energy density, and we show that in order to obtain the significant non-Gaussianity it is necessary that the scalar field which supports the entropic perturbation is extremely small compared with the scalar field which supports the adiabatic perturbation.
Generative Surrogates for Fast Simulation: TPC Case
Creators: name: Ratnikov, Fedor
name: Maevskiy, Artem
name: Zinchenko, Alexander
name: Riabov, Victor
name: Sukhorosov, Alexey
name: Evdokimov, Dmitrii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulation of High Energy Physics experiments is widely used, necessary for both detector and physics studies. Detailed Monte-Carlo simulation algorithms are often limited due to the computational complexity of such methods, and therefore faster approaches are desired. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are well suited for aggregating a number of detailed simulation steps into a surrogate probability density estimator readily available for fast sampling. In this work, we demonstrate the power of the GAN-based fast simulation model on the use case of simulating the response for the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) in the MPD experiment at the NICA accelerator complex. We show that our model can generate high-fidelity TPC responses, while accelerating the TPC simulation by at least an order of magnitude. We describe alternative representation approaches for this problem and also outline the roadmap for the deployment of our method into the software stack of the experiment.
description: Submitted to NIMA
Mixing Convex Polytopes
Creators: name: Cunningham, Gabe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The mixing operation for abstract polytopes gives a natural way to construct the minimal common cover of two polytopes. In this paper, we apply this construction to the regular convex polytopes, determining when the mix is again a polytope, and completely determining the structure of the mix in each case.
Testing Standard Model extensions with few-electron ions
Creators: name: Debierre, Vincent
name: Oreshkina, Natalia S.
name: Valuev, Igor A.
name: Harman, Zoltán
name: Keitel, Chistoph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When collecting spectroscopic data on at least four isotopes, nonlinearities in the King plot are a possible sign of Physics beyond the Standard Model. In this work, an improved approach to the search for hypothetical new interactions with isotope shift spectroscopy of few-electron ions is presented. Very careful account is taken of the small nuclear corrections to the energy levels and the gyromagnetic factors, which cause deviations from King linearity within the Standard Model and are hence a possible source of confounds. In this new approach, the experimental King nonlinearity is not compared to the vanishing prediction of the Standard Model at the leading order, but to the calculated full Standard Model contribution to King nonlinearity. This makes searching for beyond-the-Standard-Model physics with King linearity analysis possible in a very-high-precision experimental regime, avoiding confounds. The bounds which can be set on beyond-the-Standard-Model parameters remain limited by the uncertainties on the small Standard Model nuclear corrections which cause King nonlinearity. Direct comparison between theory and experiment on a single pair of isotopes is advocated as a more suitable approach for few-electron ions.
Equilibrium current distributions and W_{infinity} gauge theory in quantum Hall systems of conventional electrons and Dirac electrons
Creators: name: Shizuya, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In equilibrium planer systems of Hall electrons, such as GaAs heterostructures and graphene, support two species of current counterflowing along the system edges, as observed recently in experiment using a nanoscale magnetometer. We examine distinct origins and distinctive features of these equilibrium currents, with the Coulombic many-body effects taken into account, and derive their real-space distributions. Our basic tool of analysis is a reformulation of quantum Hall systems as a W_{infinity} gauge theory, which allows one to diagonalize the total Hamiltonian according to the resolutions of external probes. These equilibrium currents are deeply tied to the orbital magnetization in quantum Hall systems. Special attention is drawn to the case of graphene, especially the neutral (nu=0) ground state and its intrinsic diamagnetic response that combines with the equilibrium currents to govern the orbital magnetization and its oscillations with filling.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, revtex
Monomial ideals whose depth function has any given number of strict local maxima
Creators: name: Bandari, Somayeh
name: Herzog, Jürgen
name: Hibi, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13A15, 13C13

description: We construct monomial ideals with the property that their depth function has any given number of strict local maxima.
High Thermal Conductivity in Wafer Scale Cubic Silicon Carbide Crystals
Creators: name: Cheng, Zhe
name: Liang, Jianbo
name: Kawamura, Keisuke
name: Asamura, Hidetoshi
name: Uratani, Hiroki
name: Graham, Samuel
name: Ohno, Yutaka
name: Nagai, Yasuyoshi
name: Shigekawa, Naoteru
name: Cahill, David G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High thermal conductivity electronic materials are critical components for high-performance electronic and photonic devices as either active functional materials or thermal management materials. We report an isotropic high thermal conductivity over 500 W m-1K-1 at room temperature in high-quality wafer-scale cubic silicon carbide (3C-SiC) crystals, which is the second highest among large crystals (only surpassed by diamond). Furthermore, the corresponding 3C-SiC thin films are found to have record-high in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivity, even higher than diamond thin films with equivalent thicknesses. Our results resolve a long-lasting puzzle that the literature values of thermal conductivity for 3C-SiC are perplexingly lower than the structurally more complex 6H-SiC. Further analysis reveals that the observed high thermal conductivity in this work arises from the high purity and high crystal quality of 3C-SiC crystals which excludes the exceptionally strong defect-phonon scatterings in 3C-SiC. Moreover, by integrating 3C-SiC with other semiconductors by epitaxial growth, we show that the measured 3C-SiC-Si TBC is among the highest for semiconductor interfaces. These findings not only provide insights for fundamental phonon transport mechanisms, also suggest that 3C-SiC may constitute an excellent wide-bandgap semiconductor for applications of power electronics as either active components or substrates.
A Role of the Quasiparticle in the Conservation of the Fermion Number
Creators: name: Tsue, Y.
name: Providencia, C.
name: da Providencia, J.
name: Yamamura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of the "quasiparticle" introduced in last paper by the present authors is discussed. It serves as a guide for the deformation of the Cooper-pair in the BCS-Bogoliubov approach. As an illustrative example, a certain case is treated. This case produces the su(1,1)-like behavior in the su(2)-algebraic many-fermion system.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
MisRoBÆRTa: Transformers versus Misinformation
Creators: name: Truică, Ciprian-Octavian
name: Apostol, Elena-Simona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Misinformation is considered a threat to our democratic values and principles. The spread of such content on social media polarizes society and undermines public discourse by distorting public perceptions and generating social unrest while lacking the rigor of traditional journalism. Transformers and transfer learning proved to be state-of-the-art methods for multiple well-known natural language processing tasks. In this paper, we propose MisRoBÆRTa, a novel transformer-based deep neural ensemble architecture for misinformation detection. MisRoBÆRTa takes advantage of two transformers (BART \& RoBERTa) to improve the classification performance. We also benchmarked and evaluated the performances of multiple transformers on the task of misinformation detection. For training and testing, we used a large real-world news articles dataset labeled with 10 classes, addressing two shortcomings in the current research: increasing the size of the dataset from small to large, and moving the focus of fake news detection from binary classification to multi-class classification. For this dataset, we manually verified the content of the news articles to ensure that they were correctly labeled. The experimental results show that the accuracy of transformers on the misinformation detection problem was significantly influenced by the method employed to learn the context, dataset size, and vocabulary dimension. We observe empirically that the best accuracy performance among the classification models that use only one transformer is obtained by BART, while DistilRoBERTa obtains the best accuracy in the least amount of time required for fine-tuning and training. The proposed MisRoBÆRTa outperforms the other transformer models in the task of misinformation detection. To arrive at this conclusion, we performed ample ablation and sensitivity testing with MisRoBÆRTa on two datasets.