cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Population III X-ray Binaries and their Impact on the Early Universe
Creators: name: Sartorio, Nina S.
name: Fialkov, A.
name: Hartwig, T.
name: Mirouh, G. M.
name: Izzard, R. G.
name: Magg, M.
name: Klessen, R. S.
name: Glover, S. C. O.
name: Chen, L.
name: Tarumi, Y.
name: Hendriks, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first population of X-ray binaries (XRBs) is expected to affect the thermal and ionization states of the gas in the early Universe. Although these X-ray sources are predicted to have important implications for high-redshift observable signals, such as the hydrogen 21-cm signal from cosmic dawn and the cosmic X-ray background, their properties are poorly explored, leaving theoretical models largely uninformed. In this paper we model a population of X-ray binaries arising from zero metallicity stars. We explore how their properties depend on the adopted initial mass function (IMF) of primordial stars, finding a strong effect on their number and X-ray production efficiency. We also present scaling relations between XRBs and their X-ray emission with the local star formation rate, which can be used in sub-grid models in numerical simulations to improve the X-ray feedback prescriptions. Specifically, we find that the uniformity and strength of the X-ray feedback in the intergalactic medium is strongly dependant on the IMF. Bottom-heavy IMFs result in a smoother distribution of XRBs, but have a luminosity orders of magnitude lower than more top-heavy IMFs. Top-heavy IMFs lead to more spatially uneven, albeit strong, X-ray emission. An intermediate IMF has a strong X-ray feedback while sustaining an even emission across the intergalactic medium. These differences in X-ray feedback could be probed in the future with measurements of the cosmic dawn 21-cm line of neutral hydrogen, which offers us a new way of constraining population III IMF.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 17 pages, 9 figures
Improvement of PSO algorithm by memory based gradient search - application in inventory management
Creators: name: Varga, Tamás
name: Király, András
name: Abonyi, János
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Advanced inventory management in complex supply chains requires effective and robust nonlinear optimization due to the stochastic nature of supply and demand variations. Application of estimated gradients can boost up the convergence of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm but classical gradient calculation cannot be applied to stochastic and uncertain systems. In these situations Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation can be applied to determine the gradient. We developed a memory based algorithm where instead of generating and evaluating new simulated samples the stored and shared former function evaluations of the particles are sampled to estimate the gradients by local weighted least squares regression. The performance of the resulted regional gradient-based PSO is verified by several benchmark problems and in a complex application example where optimal reorder points of a supply chain are determined.
description: book chapter, 20 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Copy number variation in schizophrenia in Sweden
Creators: name: Bergen, S E
name: Kähler, A
name: Magnusson, P K E
name: Moran, J L
name: Walters, J
name: Owen, M J
name: Sklar, P
name: Sullivan, P F
name: Kim, Y
name: Chambert, K
name: Crowley, J J
name: O'Dushlaine, C
name: Fromer, M
name: Hultman, C M
name: Szatkiewicz, J P
name: McCarroll, S A
name: Scolnick, E
name: Neale, B M
name: O'Donovan, M C
name: Purcell, S
name: Akterin, S
name: Ruderfer, D
name: Rees, E
name: Kirov, G
name: Chen, G
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Schizophrenia is a highly heritable neuropsychiatric disorder of complex genetic etiology. Previous genome-wide surveys have revealed a greater burden of large, rare CNVs in schizophrenia cases and identified multiple rare recurrent CNVs that increase risk of schizophrenia although with incomplete penetrance and pleiotropic effects. Identification of additional recurrent CNVs and biological pathways enriched for schizophrenia CNVs requires greater sample sizes. We conducted a genome-wide survey for CNVs associated with schizophrenia using a Swedish national sample (4,719 cases and 5,917 controls). High-confidence CNV calls were generated using genotyping array intensity data and their effect on risk of schizophrenia was measured. Our data confirm increased burden of large, rare CNVs in schizophrenia cases as well as significant associations for recurrent 16p11.2 duplications, 22q11.2 deletions and 3q29 deletions. We report a novel association for 17q12 duplications (odds ratio=4.16, P=0.018), previously associated with autism and mental retardation but not schizophrenia. Intriguingly, gene set association analyses implicate biological pathways previously associated with schizophrenia through common variation and exome sequencing (calcium channel signaling and binding partners of the fragile X mental retardation protein). We found significantly increased burden of the largest CNVs (>500Kb) in genes present in the post-synaptic density, in genomic regions implicated via schizophrenia genome-wide association studies, and in gene products localized to mitochondria and cytoplasm. Our findings suggest that multiple lines of genomic inquiry – genome-wide screens for CNVs, common variation, and exonic variation – are converging on similar sets of pathways and/or genes.
Dynamics-dependent symmetries in Newtonian mechanics
Creators: name: Holland, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exhibit two symmetries of one-dimensional Newtonian mechanics whereby a solution is built from the history of another solution via a generally nonlinear and complex potential-dependent transformation of the time. One symmetry intertwines the square roots of the kinetic and potential energies and connects solutions of the same dynamical problem (the potential is an invariant function). The other symmetry connects solutions of different dynamical problems (the potential is a scalar function). The existence of corresponding conserved quantities is examined using Noethers theorem and it is shown that the invariant-potential symmetry is correlated with energy conservation. In the Hamilton-Jacobi picture the invariant-potential transformation provides an example of a field-dependent symmetry in point mechanics. It is shown that this transformation is not a symmetry of the Schroedinger equation.
Disruption of MBD5 contributes to a spectrum of psychopathology and neurodevelopmental abnormalities
Creators: name: Mitchell, E
name: Skinner, S A
name: Lin, A E
name: Hanson, R R
name: Keelean-Fuller, D
name: Rogers, R C
name: Tapp, C
name: Zou, Y S
name: DuPont, B
name: Kearney, H M
name: Gusella, J F
name: Chaubey, A
name: Everman, D B
name: Talkowski, M E
name: Hanscom, C
name: Kirmani, S
name: Mullegama, S V
name: Hodge, J C
name: Pillalamarri, V
name: Tan, W H
name: Bartel, F
name: Powell, C M
name: Boyd, E
name: Elsea, S H
name: Toler, T L
name: Morton, C C
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Microdeletions of chromosomal region 2q23.1 that disrupt MBD5 contribute to a spectrum of neurodevelopmental phenotypes, however the impact of this locus in human psychopathology has not been described. To characterize the structural variation landscape of MBD5 disruptions and the associated psychopathology, 22 individuals with genomic disruption of MBD5 (translocation, point mutation, and deletion) were identified through whole-genome sequencing or cytogenomic microarray at 11 molecular diagnostic centers. The genomic impact ranged from a single base pair to 5.4 Mb. Parents were available for 11 cases, all of which confirmed the rearrangement arose de novo. Phenotypes were largely indistinguishable between patients with full-segment 2q23.1 deletions and those with intragenic MBD5 rearrangements, including alterations confined entirely to the 5′UTR, confirming the critical impact of non-coding sequence at this locus. We found heterogeneous, multi-system pathogenic effects of MBD5 disruption and characterized the associated spectrum of psychopathology, which includes sensory integration disorder, anxiety, self-hugging, bipolar disorder and others. Importantly, unique features of the oldest assessed patient were early-onset dementia and behavioral regression. Analyses also revealed phenotypes that distinguish MBD5 disruptions from seven well-established syndromes with significant diagnostic overlap. This study indicates that haploinsufficiency of MBD5 causes diverse phenotypes, yields insight into the spectrum of resulting neurodevelopmental and behavioral psychopathology, and provides clinical context for interpretation of MBD5 structural variations. Empirical evidence also suggests that disruption of non-coding MBD5 regulatory regions is sufficient for clinical manifestation, highlighting the limitations of exon-focused assessments. These results suggest an ongoing perturbation of neurological function throughout the lifespan, including risks for neurobehavioral regression and early-onset dementia.
Evidence for the role of EPHX2 gene variants in anorexia nervosa
Creators: name: Johnson, C
name: Phillips, T
name: Kaplan, A S
name: Pham, P
name: Berenson, G
name: Smith, E N
name: Levy, S
name: Duvvuri, V
name: Tewhey, R
name: Halmi, K A
name: Bansal, V
name: Torkamani, A
name: Crow, S
name: Scott-Van Zeeland, A A
name: Mitchell, J E
name: Zhang, G
name: Wineinger, N
name: La Via, M
name: Carson, A
name: Tisch, R
name: Darst, B F
name: Brandt, H
name: Srinivasan, S
name: Murray, S
name: Chen, W
name: Libiger, O
name: Fichter, M M
name: Strober, M
name: Villarasa, N
name: Galvez, L
name: Bloss, C S
name: Crawford, S
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Anorexia nervosa (AN) and related eating disorders are complex, multifactorial neuropsychiatric conditions with likely rare and common genetic and environmental determinants. To identify genetic variants associated with AN, we pursued a series of sequencing and genotyping studies focusing on the coding regions and upstream sequence of 152 candidate genes in a total of 1205 AN cases and 1948 controls. We identified individual variant associations in the Estrogen Receptor-ß (ESR2) gene, as well as a set of rare and common variants in the Epoxide Hydrolase 2 (EPHX2) gene, in an initial sequencing study of 261 early-onset severe AN cases and 73 controls (P=0.0004). The association of EPHX2 variants was further delineated in: (1) a pooling-based replication study involving an additional 500 AN patients and 500 controls (replication set P=0.00000016); (2) single-locus studies in a cohort of 386 previously genotyped broadly defined AN cases and 295 female population controls from the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS) and a cohort of 58 individuals with self-reported eating disturbances and 851 controls (combined smallest single locus P<0.01). As EPHX2 is known to influence cholesterol metabolism, and AN is often associated with elevated cholesterol levels, we also investigated the association of EPHX2 variants and longitudinal body mass index (BMI) and cholesterol in BHS female and male subjects (N=229) and found evidence for a modifying effect of a subset of variants on the relationship between cholesterol and BMI (P<0.01). These findings suggest a novel association of gene variants within EPHX2 to susceptibility to AN and provide a foundation for future study of this important yet poorly understood condition.
Essential Oils as Multicomponent Mixtures and Their Potential for Human Health and Well-Being
Creators: name: Bunse, Marek
name: Daniels, Rolf
name: Gründemann, Carsten
name: Heilmann, Jörg
name: Kammerer, Dietmar R.
name: Keusgen, Michael
name: Lindequist, Ulrike
name: Melzig, Matthias F.
name: Morlock, Gertrud E.
name: Schulz, Hartwig
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: essentail oils
subject: multicomponent mixtures
subject: integrative medicine
subject: phytotherapy
subject: antibiotic resistance
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Essential oils (EOs) and their individual volatile organic constituents have been an inherent part of our civilization for thousands of years. They are widely used as fragrances in perfumes and cosmetics and contribute to a healthy diet, but also act as active ingredients of pharmaceutical products. Their antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties have qualified EOs early on for both, the causal and symptomatic therapy of a number of diseases, but also for prevention. Obtained from natural, mostly plant materials, EOs constitute a typical example of a multicomponent mixture (more than one constituent substances, MOCS) with up to several hundreds of individual compounds, which in a sophisticated composition make up the property of a particular complete EO. The integrative use of EOs as MOCS will play a major role in human and veterinary medicine now and in the future and is already widely used in some cases, e.g., in aromatherapy for the treatment of psychosomatic complaints, for inhalation in the treatment of respiratory diseases, or topically administered to manage adverse skin diseases. The diversity of molecules with different functionalities exhibits a broad range of multiple physical and chemical properties, which are the base of their multi-target activity as opposed to single isolated compounds. Whether and how such a broad-spectrum effect is reflected in natural mixtures and which kind of pharmacological potential they provide will be considered in the context of ONE Health in more detail in this review.
On the Origin of Dust Structures in Protoplanetary Disks: Constraints from the Rossby Wave Instability
Creators: name: Chang, Eonho
name: Youdin, Andrew N.
name: Krapp, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High resolution sub-mm observations of protoplanetary disks with ALMA have revealed that dust rings are common in large, bright disks. The leading explanation for these structures is dust-trapping in a local gas pressure maximum, caused by an embedded planet or other dynamical process. Independent of origin, such dust traps should be stable for many orbits to collect significant dust. However, ring-like perturbations in gas disks are also known to trigger the Rossby Wave Instability (RWI). We investigate whether axisymmetric pressure bumps can simultaneously trap dust and remain stable to the RWI. The answer depends on the thermodynamic properties of pressure bumps. For isothermal bumps, dust traps are RWI-stable for widths from ${\sim}1$ to several gas scale-heights. Adiabatic dust traps are stable over a smaller range of widths. For temperature bumps with no surface density component, however, all dust traps tend to be unstable. Smaller values of disk aspect ratio allow stable dust trapping at lower bump amplitudes and over a larger range of widths. We also report a new approximate criterion for RWI. Instability occurs when the radial oscillation frequency is $\lesssim75$\% of the Keplerian frequency, which differs from the well-known Lovelace necessary (but not sufficient) criterion for instability. Our results can guide ALMA observations of molecular gas by constraining the resolution and sensitivity needed to identify the pressure bumps thought to be responsible for dust rings.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted to ApJL
Evidence that duplications of 22q11.2 protect against schizophrenia
Creators: name: Richards, A L
name: Legge, S E
name: Levinson, D
name: Kendler, K S
name: Walters, J T R
name: Craddock, N
name: Duan, J
name: Morris, D
name: Shi, J
name: Chambert, K D
name: Sanders, A
name: O'Neill, F A
name: Kirov, G
name: Genovese, G
name: Moy, W
name: Cormican, P
name: Szatkiewicz, J
name: Pato, M
name: Rees, E
name: Hultman, C
name: Pato, C
name: Sklar, P
name: Jones, I
name: Green, E K
name: Gill, M
name: Moran, J L
name: Sullivan, P F
name: Davies, G
name: Corvin, A
name: O'Dushlaine, C
name: Riley, B
name: Göring, H H H
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: A number of large, rare copy number variants (CNVs) are deleterious for neurodevelopmental disorders, but large, rare, protective CNVs have not been reported for such phenotypes. Here we show in a CNV analysis of 47 005 individuals, the largest CNV analysis of schizophrenia to date, that large duplications (1.5–3.0 Mb) at 22q11.2—the reciprocal of the well-known, risk-inducing deletion of this locus—are substantially less common in schizophrenia cases than in the general population (0.014% vs 0.085%, OR=0.17, P=0.00086). 22q11.2 duplications represent the first putative protective mutation for schizophrenia.
Predicting species richness for Australian freshwater macroinvertebrates: do we want to know?
Creators: name: Growns, J. E
name: Growns, I. O
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The identification of freshwater macroinvertebrates to family level is becoming increasingly popular for surveys, predictive models and pollution indices in Australia because it is quicker and cheaper than genus or species level identification, and it requires less specialised knowledge. Family richness has been used as a predictor of species richness for other taxonomic groups such as vertebrates, ants and plants and we were interested in seeing whether this might be a useful method for freshwater macroinvertebrates. Taxon lists from one Papua New Guinean and 34 Australisn datasets from lentic and lotic waters were used to regress the number of families against the total number of taxa (species where possible). Also, the ability of the number of species and morphospecies within some orders (Coleoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera) to predict overall species richness was investigated. The number of all families explained 91% of the variation in species richness. The number of species within each of the ordersexplained between 60 and 85% of the variation in overall species richness. We conclude that it would be posiible to predict species richness in this way, particularly if sampling techniques and sampling effort were standardised. The terms 'Species richness' and 'Biodiversity' are often used synonymously although the former is only a subset of the latter. Some of the limitations and dangers of assessing species richness instead of biodiversity are discussed.
A Transient Supergiant X-ray Binary in IC10. An Extragalactic SFXT?
Creators: name: Laycock, Silas
name: Cappallo, Rigel
name: Oram, Kathleen
name: Balchunas, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a large amplitude (factor of $\sim$100) X-ray transient (IC 10 X-2, CXOU J002020.99+591758.6) in the nearby dwarf starburst galaxy IC10 during our Chandra monitoring project. Based on the X-ray timing and spectral properties, and an optical counterpart observed with Gemini, the system is a high mass X-ray binary (HMXB) consisting of a luminous blue supergiant and a neutron star (NS). The highest measured luminosity of the source was 1.8$\times$10$^{37}$ erg s$^{-1}$ during an outburst in 2003. Observations before, during and after a second outburst in 2010 constrain the outburst duration to be less than 3 months (with no lower limit). The X-ray spectrum is a hard powerlaw ($Γ$=0.3) with fitted column density ($N_H$=6.3$\times$10$^{21}$ atom cm$^{-2}$) consistent with the established absorption to sources in IC10. The optical spectrum shows hydrogen Balmer lines strongly in emission, at the correct blueshift (-340 km/s) for IC10. The NIII triplet emission feature is seen, accompanied by He II [4686] weakly in emission. Together these features classify the star as a luminous blue supergiant of the OBN subclass, characterized by enhanced nitrogen abundance. Emission lines of HeI are seen, at similar strength to H$β$. A complex of FeII permitted and forbidden emission lines are seen, as in B[e] stars. The system closely resembles galactic supergiant fast X-ray transients (SFXTs), in terms of its hard spectrum, variability amplitude and blue supergiant primary.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Conformational mechanism for the stability of microtubule-kinetochore attachments
Creators: name: Bertalan, Zsolt
name: La Porta, Caterina A. M.
name: Maiato, Helder
name: Zapperi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Regulating the stability of microtubule(MT)-kinetochore attachments is fundamental to avoiding mitotic errors and ensure proper chromosome segregation during cell division. While biochemical factors involved in this process have been identified, its mechanics still needs to be better understood. Here we introduce and simulate a mechanical model of MT-kinetochore interactions in which the stability of the attachment is ruled by the geometrical conformations of curling MT-protofilaments entangled in kinetochore fibrils. The model allows us to reproduce with good accuracy in vitro experimental measurements of the detachment times of yeast kinetochores from MTs under external pulling forces. Numerical simulations suggest that geometrical features of MT-protofilaments may play an important role in the switch between stable and unstable attachments.
Polygenic dissection of diagnosis and clinical dimensions of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
Creators: name: Nurnberger, J
name: Andreassen, O A
name: Nimgaonkar, V
name: Holmans, P
name: Kelsoe, J R
name: Djurovic, S
name: Fanous, A H
name: Ripke, S
name: Gejman, P V
name: O'Donovan, M C
name: Jamain, S
name: Craddock, N
name: Smoller, J W
name: Leboyer, M
name: Amdur, R L
name: Landén, M
name: Ruderfer, D M
name: Sullivan, P F
name: Corvin, A
name: Sklar, P
name: Hultman, C M
name: Kendler, K S
name: McQuillin, A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are two often severe disorders with high heritabilities. Recent studies have demonstrated a large overlap of genetic risk loci between these disorders but diagnostic and molecular distinctions still remain. Here, we perform a combined GWAS of 19,779 BP and SCZ cases versus 19,423 controls, in addition to a direct comparison GWAS of 7,129 SCZ cases versus 9,252 BP cases. In our case-control analysis, we identify five previously identified regions reaching genome-wide significance (CACNA1C, IFI44L, MHC, TRANK1, MAD1L1) and a novel locus near PIK3C2A. We create a polygenic risk score that is significantly different between BP and SCZ and show a significant correlation between a BP polygenic risk score and the clinical dimension of mania in SCZ patients. Our results indicate that first, combining diseases with similar genetic risk profiles improves power to detect shared risk loci and second, that future direct comparisons of BP and SCZ are likely to identify loci with significant differential effects. Identifying these loci should aid in the fundamental understanding of how these diseases differ biologically. These findings also indicate that combining clinical symptom dimensions and polygenic signatures could provide additional information that may someday be used clinically.
(:unas) unassigned
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2024

description: Lo studio prende in esame il testo di Battista Guarini T’amo mia vita, nelle intonazioni di Claudio Monteverdi e Carlo Gesualdo. La lirica del poeta ferrarese ha avuto una diffusione notevole, sia nella sua dimensione puramente letteraria sia grazie alle molteplici intonazioni musicali a cui ha dato vita. In particolare, il confronto tra la ver sione di Monteverdi e quella di Gesualdo mette in luce le logiche delle tecniche compositive, gli aspetti formali e la gestione del testo poetico proprie degli stili dei due compositori, in un concentrato di innovazioni e idee contrappuntistiche. Emerge un quadro che si può considerare emblematico per i rapporti poesia-musica nel passaggio tra Cinquecento e Seicento.
description: The study examines Battista Guarini’s text T’amo mia vita, in the intonations of Claudio Monteverdi and Carlo Gesualdo. The Ferrarese poet’s lyrics had considerable circulation, both in its purely literary dimension and thanks to the many musical intonations to which it gave rise. In particular, the comparison between Monteverdi’s version and Gesualdo’s highlights the logic of the compositional techniques, formal aspects and handling of the poetic text typical of the styles of the two composers, in a concentration of innovations and contrapuntal ideas. A picture emerges that may be considered emblematic of the relationship between poetry and music in the transition between the 16th and 17th centuries.
Assessing indirect methods to determine black hole masses using NGC 4151
Creators: name: Williams, James K.
name: Gliozzi, Mario
name: Bockwoldt, Kyle A.
name: Shuvo, Onic I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurately determining the black hole mass ($M_\mathrm{BH}$) in active galactic nuclei (AGN) is crucial to constraining their properties and to studying their evolution. While direct methods yield reliable measurements of $M_\mathrm{BH}$ in unobscured type 1 AGN, where the dynamics of stellar or gas components can be directly observed, only indirect methods can be applied to the vast majority of heavily absorbed type 2 AGN, which represent most of the AGN population. Since it is difficult to evaluate the accuracy and precision of these indirect methods, we utilize the nearby X-ray bright Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151, whose $M_\mathrm{BH}$ has been tightly constrained with several independent direct methods, as a laboratory to assess the reliability of three indirect methods that have been applied to obscured AGN. All three, the X-ray scaling method, the fundamental plane of black hole activity, and the M-$σ$ correlation, yield $M_\mathrm{BH}$ values consistent with those inferred from direct methods and can therefore be considered accurate. However, only the X-ray scaling method and the M-$σ$ correlation are precise because the substantial scatter in the fundamental plane of BH activity allows only for crude estimates. Of the four M-$σ$ correlations we used, only the one from Kormendy and Ho yields a value consistent with the dynamical estimates. This study suggests that the best approach to estimating the black hole mass in systems where direct dynamical methods cannot be applied is to utilize a combination of indirect methods, taking into account their different ranges of applicability.
description: Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Evaluating historical candidate genes for schizophrenia
Creators: name: Corvin, A
name: Werge, T
name: Sklar, P
name: O'Donovan, M C
name: Ophoff, R A
name: Cichon, S
name: Owen, M J
name: Sullivan, P F
name: Farrell, M S
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Prior to the genome-wide association era, candidate gene studies were a major approach in schizophrenia genetics. In this invited review, we consider the current status of 25 historical candidate genes for schizophrenia (e.g., COMT, DISC1, DTNBP1, and NRG1). The initial study for 24 of these genes explicitly evaluated common variant hypotheses about schizophrenia. Our evaluation included a meta-analysis of the candidate gene literature, incorporation of the results of the largest genomic study yet published for schizophrenia, ratings from informed researchers who have published on these genes, and ratings from 24 schizophrenia geneticists. On the basis of current empirical evidence and mostly consensual assessments of informed opinion, it appears that the historical candidate gene literature did not yield clear insights into the genetic basis of schizophrenia. A likely reason why historical candidate gene studies did not achieve their primary aims is inadequate statistical power. However, the considerable efforts embodied in these early studies unquestionably set the stage for current successes in genomic approaches to schizophrenia.
Best Practices for Supporting People Who Use Substances Toolkit
Creators: name: SafeLink Alberta
name: Jackson, K.
name: Dey, K.
name: Williamson, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Toolkit
Harm Reduction
People who use Drugs

description: Between 2021-2023, SafeLink Alberta conducted a review of available literature and consulted with people with lived and living experience, service providers who support people who use substances, and other industry experts to inform our Best Practices for Supporting People Who Use Substances Toolkit. As of January 2023, we have conducted 55 individual consultations with 31 people who use substances and 24 people who support people who use substances as a service provider. We’ve also included learnings from our own implementation experience, and we welcome you to connect with our team as you navigate this document and as you begin or expand upon your own journey to implement these practices into your work. In general, key considerations for supporting people who use drugs should include: Engaging in best practices for supporting people who use drugs, including getting to know the stories and lived realities of people who use substances, and providing services in a non-judgemental and low-barrier manner. Looking to people who use drugs for advice on program design so programs better meet their needs. The meaningful engagement of people with lived and living experience in program delivery, such as facilitating opportunities for people to share their lived experience and obtain employment with organizations serving people who use drugs. This Toolkit will benefit any service provider supporting people who use substances.
Rapid assessment of Australian rivers using macroinvertebrates: cost and efficiency of 6 methods of sample processing
Creators: name: Growns, Jane E
name: Chessman, Bruce C
name: Jackson, Jean E
name: Ross, David G
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The cost and efficiency of different techniques for processing rapid-assessment samples of lotic macroinvertebrates were evaluated. Subsamples of 50, 100, and 150 selectively picked individuals were compared to determine the optimal subsample size for selective picks. Selective subsampling of a set number of animals was then compared with subsampling by picking for a set time (30 min), exhaustive picking of a sample, and randomly subsampling 100 animals. Identification was to family level. Efficiency was assessed by comparing the ability of data generated by each technique to discriminate between unpolluted reference sites and sites with mild to severe pollution by municipal effluent and urban stormwater runoff. This discrimination was tested using both univariate metrics (SIGNAL biotic index, family richness, and EPT [Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera] family richness) and multivariate tests (analysis of similarity--ANOSIM). Cost was assessed as the amount of time each method required for picking and identification. The selective 100-animal subsample is recommended as the most cost-effective method for assessing sites affected by municipal sewage-treatment-plant discharges and urban stormwater runoff. SIGNAL was the best of the 3 metrics, having the most highly significant differences between reference and polluted sites and being most robust to variations in processing method. ANOSIM could distinguish between the reference and polluted sites using any of the sample processing methods, but the degree of the distinction varied with sample processing method.
The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Environmental analysis of the orbital structures of passive galaxies
Creators: name: Santucci, Giulia
name: Brough, Sarah
name: van de Sande, Jesse
name: McDermid, Richard
name: Barsanti, Stefania
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Bryant, Julia J.
name: Croom, Scott M.
name: Lagos, Claudia
name: Lawrence, Jon S.
name: Owers, Matt S.
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: Vaughan, Sam P.
name: Yi, Sukyoung K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most dynamical models of galaxies to date assume axisymmetry, which is not representative of a significant fraction of massive galaxies. We have built triaxial orbit-superposition Schwarzschild models of galaxies observed by the SAMI Galaxy Survey, in order to reconstruct their inner orbital structure and mass distribution. The sample consists of 153 passive galaxies with total stellar masses in the range $10^{9.5}$ to $10^{12} M_{\odot}$. We present an analysis of the internal structures and intrinsic properties of these galaxies as a function of their environment. We measure their environment using three proxies: central or satellite designation, halo mass and local $5^{th}$ nearest neighbour galaxy density. We find that although these intrinsic properties correlate most strongly with stellar mass, environment does play a secondary role: at fixed stellar mass, galaxies in the densest regions are more radially anisotropic. In addition, central galaxies, and galaxies in high local densities show lower values of edge-on spin parameter proxy \lam. We also find suggestions of a possible trend of the fractions of orbits with environment for lower-mass galaxies (between $10^{9.5}$ and $10^{11} M_{\odot}$) such that, at fixed stellar mass, galaxies in higher local densities and halo mass have higher fractions of hot orbits and lower fractions of warm orbits. Our results demonstrate that after stellar mass, environment does play a role in shaping present-day passive galaxies.
description: 21 pages. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Genetic contributions to variation in general cognitive function: a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in the CHARGE consortium (N=53 949)
Creators: name: Srikanth, V
name: Starr, J M
name: Seshadri, S
name: Schofield, P R
name: Deary, I J
name: Sachdev, P S
name: Wilson, J F
name: Amouyel, P
name: Schmidt, R
name: Weir, D R
name: Fitzpatrick, A L
name: Chouraki, V
name: Adams, H
name: van Duijn, C
name: Mosley, T H
name: Huffman, J
name: Launer, L
name: Turner, S T
name: Rudan, I
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: General cognitive function is substantially heritable across the human life course from adolescence to old age. We investigated the genetic contribution to variation in this important, health- and well-being-related trait in middle-aged and older adults. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of 31 cohorts (N=53 949) in which the participants had undertaken multiple, diverse cognitive tests. A general cognitive function phenotype was tested for, and created in each cohort by principal component analysis. We report 13 genome-wide significant single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations in three genomic regions, 6q16.1, 14q12 and 19q13.32 (best SNP and closest gene, respectively: rs10457441, P=3.93 × 10−9, MIR2113; rs17522122, P=2.55 × 10−8, AKAP6; rs10119, P=5.67 × 10−9, APOE/TOMM40). We report one gene-based significant association with the HMGN1 gene located on chromosome 21 (P=1 × 10−6). These genes have previously been associated with neuropsychiatric phenotypes. Meta-analysis results are consistent with a polygenic model of inheritance. To estimate SNP-based heritability, the genome-wide complex trait analysis procedure was applied to two large cohorts, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (N=6617) and the Health and Retirement Study (N=5976). The proportion of phenotypic variation accounted for by all genotyped common SNPs was 29% (s.e.=5%) and 28% (s.e.=7%), respectively. Using polygenic prediction analysis, ~1.2% of the variance in general cognitive function was predicted in the Generation Scotland cohort (N=5487; P=1.5 × 10−17). In hypothesis-driven tests, there was significant association between general cognitive function and four genes previously associated with Alzheimer's disease: TOMM40, APOE, ABCG1 and MEF2C.
The conservation status of dragonflies (Odonata) from south-eastern Australia
Creators: name: Hawking, John H
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The conservation status of the dragonflies from south-eastern Australia is documented and species with limited distribution and/or larval habitats which are vulnerable are discussed. One hundred and seven species are recorded from South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania and southern New South Wales. No species is considered endangered, but nine species have high conservation priority. These species are endemic to Australia and all have restricted distributions. The vulnerablitiy of the larval habitats is discussed and suggestions for their conservation and management are made.
Formation of Stoichiometric CsF$_n$ Compounds
Creators: name: Zhu, Qiang
name: Oganov, Artem R.
name: Zeng, Qingfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alkali halides $MX$, have been viewed as typical ionic compounds, characterized by 1:1 ratio necessary for charge balance between M$^+$ and X$^-$. It was proposed that group I elements like Cs can be oxidized further under high pressure. Here we perform a comprehensive study for the CsF-F system at pressures up to 100 GPa, and find extremely versatile chemistry. A series of CsF$_n$ ($n$ $\geq$ 1) compounds are predicted to be stable already at ambient pressure. Under pressure, 5$p$ electrons in Cs atoms become active, with growing tendency to form Cs$^{3+}$ and Cs$^{5+}$ valence states at fluorine-rich conditions. Although Cs$^{2+}$ and Cs$^{4+}$ are not energetically favoured, the interplay between two mechanisms (polyfluoride anions and polyvalent Cs cations) allows CsF$_2$ and CsF$_4$ compounds to be stable under pressure. The estimated defluorination temperatures of CsF$_n$ (n=2,3,5) compounds at atmospheric pressure (218 $^\circ$C, 150 $^\circ$C, -15 $^\circ$C, respectively), are attractive for fluorine storage applications.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Albaxona Szalay 1944
Creators: name: Smit, Harry
name: Pešić, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Aturidae
Albaxona

description: Genus Albaxona Szalay, 1944
Species attributed to the genus Albaxona are known from Europe, Russia, South Korea, Java, Japan, Vietnam, Liberia, India and North America,.
description: Published as part of Smit, Harry & Pešić, Vladimir, 2014, Water mites from Mount Kinabalu and the Crocker Range, Borneo, Malaysia (Acari: Hydrachnidia), with the description of 34 new species, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 3876 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3876.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/287281
Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies six novel loci associated with habitual coffee consumption
Creators: name: Eriksson, J
name: Monda, K L
name: Musani, S K
name: Byrne, E M
name: Yu, K
name: Renstrom, F
name: Lahti, J
name: Rawal, R
name: Teumer, A
name: Nalls, M A
name: Burlutsky, G
name: Cavadino, A
name: Ngwa, J S
name: Nolte, I M
name: Geller, F
name: Esko, T
name: Paynter, N
name: Hui, J
name: Zhao, J H
name: Wojczynski, M K
name: Fischer, K
name: Mikkilä, V
name: Vink, J M
name: Marques-Vidal, P
name: Luan, J
name: Lemaitre, R N
name: Huikari, V
name: Tanaka, T
name: Manichaikul, A
name: Ganna, A
name: Cornelis, M C
name: Amin, N
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Coffee, a major dietary source of caffeine, is among the most widely consumed beverages in the world and has received considerable attention regarding health risks and benefits. We conducted a geno ...
Shock shaping? Nebular Spectroscopy of Nova V906 Carinae
Creators: name: Harvey, É. J.
name: Aydi, E.
name: Izzo, L.
name: Morisset, C.
name: Darnley, M. J.
name: Fitzgerald, K.
name: Molaro, P.
name: Murphy-Glaysher, F.
name: Redman, M. P.
name: Shrestha, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V906 Carinae was one of the best observed novae of recent times. It was a prolific dust producer and harboured shocks in the early evolving ejecta outflow. Here, we take a close look at the consequences of these early interactions through study of high-resolution UVES spectroscopy of the nebular stage and extrapolate backwards to investigate how the final structure may have formed. A study of ejecta geometry and shaping history of the structure of the shell is undertaken following a spectral line SHAPE model fit. A search for spectral tracers of shocks in the nova ejecta is undertaken and an analysis of the ionised environment. Temperature, density and abundance analyses of the evolving nova shell are presented.
A scalable analytic model for single event upsets in radiation-hardened field programmable gate arrays in the PHENIX interaction region
Creators: name: Skutnik, Steven Eugene
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: fpga
programmable logic devices
level-1 trigger
radiation-hardening
pisa
geant
hijing

description: Reprogrammable logic devices have already demonstrated themselves to be most useful on several of PHENIX subsystems outside the actual IR, most notably on the Level-1 Trigger. The primary purpose of this study is to characterize the nature of the radiation environment within PHENIX. This model can ultimately be used to create a better understanding of single event upsets induced in a hypothetical FPGA in the IR; an issue of particularly importance in considerations for future experiments and detector upgrades. The model can also provide a means of evaluating the feasibility of using field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to replace the traditional ASIC components in on-detector electronics.
Spermatogenic cell-specific type 1 hexokinase is the predominant hexokinase in sperm
Creators: name: Shibata, Haruna
name: Eddy, Edward M.
name: Nakamura, Noriko
name: Mori, Chisato
name: O'Brien, Deborah A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Hexokinase is the first enzyme in the glycolytic pathway and utilizes ATP to convert glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P). We previously identified three variant transcripts of Hk1 that are expressed specifically in spermatogenic cells, have different 5′ untranslated regions, and encode a protein (HK1S, spermatogenic cell-specific type 1 hexokinase) in which the porin-binding domain (PBD) of HK1 is replaced by a novel N-terminal spermatogenic cell-specific region (SSR). However, the level of expression of the individual variant transcripts or of the other members of the hexokinase gene family (Hk2, Hk3, and Gck) in spermatogenic cells remains uncertain. We show that Hk1, Hk2, and Hk3 transcripts levels are quite low in spermatocytes and spermatids and Gck transcripts are relatively abundant in spermatids, but that GCK is not detected in spermatozoa. Using real time RT-PCR (qPCR) with primers specific for each of the three variant forms and RNA from whole testis and isolated germ cells, we found that transcripts for Hk1_v2 and Hk1_v3, but not for Hk1_v1, are relatively high in spermatids. Similar results were seen using spermatogenic cells isolated by laser-capture microdissection (LCM). Immunoblotting studies found that HK1S is abundant in sperm, and immunostaining confirmed that HK1S is located mainly in the principal piece of the sperm flagellum, where other spermatogenic cell-specific glycolytic enzymes have been found. These results strongly suggest that HK1, HK2, HK3 and GCK are unlikely to have a role in glycolysis in sperm and that HK1S encoded by Hk1_v2 and Hk1_v3 serves this role.
The effectiveness of a small constructed wetland in ameliorating diffuse nutrient loadings from an Australian rural catchment
Creators: name: Raisin, G. W
name: Mitchell, D. S
name: Croome, R. L
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

This paper assesses the capacity of a small (450 m2) constructed wetland in Victoria, Australia, to decrease nutrient loads generated by both background flows and storm events within the period March 1993 to January 1995. Under Australian conditions the effectiveness of wetlands in controlling diffuse pollution is influenced by extreme hydrological events which often carry a large proportion of the annual load from the catchment. The wetland retained a varying proportion of the nitrogen and phosphorus load over a range of hydrological events and seasonal conditions. The wetland also acted as a source of these nutrients on occasions. An annual nutrient budget was calculated for the period February 1994 to January 1995 by measuring all loads between and during storm events entering and leaving the wetland. The wetland ‘retained' 10 kg N yr−1 (23 g N m−2 yr−1) of nitrogen and 1.24 kg P yr−1 (2.80 g P m−2 yr−1) of phosphorus, representing 11 and 17%, respectively of the incoming nutrient loads for the budget period.Storm event size influenced the impact of the wetland on the nutrient loads generated in these events. Increasing event volumes generally resulted in decreased nutrient interception. The results of this study indicate that for significant load reduction to occur the scale of the wetland should be such that there is sufficient residence time to enable wetland processes to operate. Small strategically located wetlands high up in catchments which will have a cumulative impact on runoff generated in large storm events are likely to be more effective in intercepting nutrient loads than larger downstream structures.
ANALYSIS OF THE CONTROLLED SECURITY MODEL WITH UNCOUNTABLE NUMBER OF LINEAR LIMITATIONS ON MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
Creators: name: O.B. Zaitseva
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: controlled semi-Markov process
safety
management
strategy
randomization
optimization problem

description: The work analyzes the security model described by the controlled semi-Markov process with catastrophes. Management optimization is associated with determining the frequency of restoration work of the subsystem (security subsystem) which acts up attempts of malicious persons to disrupt the normal operation of the main system. The optimization criterion is the mathematical expectation of the time before the catastrophe (the moment of the first successful attempt to disrupt the normal operation of the main system). In the context of new linear limitations on management strategies, the structure of the optimal strategy was examined.