cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Upper Bounds on Lepton-number Violating Processes
Creators: name: Atre, Anupama
name: Barger, Vernon
name: Han, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider four lepton-number violating (\lv) processes: (a) neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ), (b) Delta L = 2 tau decays, (c) Delta L = 2 rare meson decays and (d) nuclear muon-positron conversion. In the absence of exotic \lv interactions, the rates for these processes are determined by effective neutrino masses _{\ell_1\ell_2}, which can be related to the sum of light neutrino masses, the neutrino mass-squared differences, the neutrino mixing angles, a Dirac phase and two Majorana phases. We sample the experimentally allowed ranges of _{\ell_1\ell_2} based on neutrino oscillation experiments as well as cosmological observations, and obtain a stringent upper bound _{\ell_1\ell_2} \lsim 0.14 eV. We then calculate the allowed ranges for _{\ell_1\ell_2} from the experimental rates of direct searches for the above Delta L = 2 processes. Comparing our calculated rates with the currently or soon available data, we find that only the $0νββ$ experiment may be able to probe _{ee} with a sensitivity comparable to the current bound. Muon-positron conversion is next in sensitivity, while the limits of direct searches for the other Delta L = 2 processes are several orders of magnitude weaker than the current bounds on _{\ell_1\ell_2}. Any positive signal in those direct searches would indicate new contributions to the \lv interactions beyond those from three light Majorana neutrinos.
description: 20 pages, revtex4, 2 figures (5 files), Version published in Physical Review D
A Koopman framework for rare event simulation in stochastic differential equations
Creators: name: Zhang, Benjamin
name: Sahai, Tuhin
name: Marzouk, Youssef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We exploit the relationship between the stochastic Koopman operator and the Kolmogorov backward equation to construct importance sampling schemes for stochastic differential equations. Specifically, we propose using eigenfunctions of the stochastic Koopman operator to approximate the Doob transform for an observable of interest (e.g., associated with a rare event) which in turn yields an approximation of the corresponding zero-variance importance sampling estimator. Our approach is broadly applicable and systematic, treating non-normal systems, non-gradient systems, and systems with oscillatory dynamics or rank-deficient noise in a common framework. In nonlinear settings where the stochastic Koopman eigenfunctions cannot be derived analytically, we use dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) methods to compute them numerically, but the framework is agnostic to the particular numerical method employed. Numerical experiments demonstrate that even coarse approximations of a few eigenfunctions, where the latter are built from non-rare trajectories, can produce effective importance sampling schemes for rare events.
description: Added minor revisions to the description of the methodology in Section 2, explanation of numerical examples in Section 3, and additional discussion in Section 6. One additional numerical example is provided in Section 3. Results are unchanged. Journal of Computational Physics, 2022
Policy Innovation and Institutional Capacity Building: Putting Market-Based Instruments Into Practice in South Australia
Creators: name: Shi, Tian
name: Shi, Tian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: Market-based instruments
subject: Institutional capacity building
subject: Policy instrument
subject: Instrument compatibility
subject: Natural resource management
subject: South Australia

description: As market-based instruments (MBIs) become a buzzword, there is an emerging expectation among policy makers and natural resource managers that MBIs should be more widely adopted. However, without the change of existing ideas and institutions, governments tend to continue to use the default regulatory and voluntary instruments. This paper provides an overview of policy instruments and the general expectations about the instrument choice when governments face policy implementation. Although it does not provide specific choice of individual instruments, some key issues and opportunities are identified for the wide adoption of MBIs in South Australia for sustainable NRM and economic development.
title: Chicorée :
title: Richtlinien für die Durchführung der Prüfung auf Unterscheidbarkeit, Homogenität und Beständigkeit.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Group identity.
New Varieties of Plants
Witloof Chicory

description: Zweck dieser Richtlinien („Prüfungsrichtlinien“) ist es, die in der Allgemeinen Einführung (Dokument TG/1/3) und deren verbundenen TGP-Dokumenten enthaltenen Grundsätze in detaillierte praktische Anleitung für die harmonisierte Prüfung der Unterscheidbarkeit, der Homogenität und der Beständigkeit (DUS) umzusetzen und insbesondere geeignete Merkmale für die DUS-Prüfung und die Erstellung harmonisierter Sortenbeschreibungen auszuweisen.
Symmetric three-particle motion in Stokes flow: equilibrium for heavy spheres in contrast to "end-of-world" for point forces
Creators: name: Ekiel-Jezewska, Maria L.
name: Wajnryb, Eligiusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A stationary stable solution of the Stokes equations for three identical heavy solid spheres falling in a vertical plane is found. It has no analog in the point-particle approximation. Three spheres aligned horizontally at equal distances evolve towards the equilibrium relative configuration while the point particles collapse onto a single point in a finite time.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures
Hosts and triggers of AGNs in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Zhang, Ziwen
name: Wang, Huiyuan
name: Luo, Wentao
name: Mo, H. J.
name: Liang, Zhixiong
name: Li, Ran
name: Yang, Xiaohu
name: Wang, Tinggui
name: Zhang, Hongxin
name: Hong, Hui
name: Wang, Xiaoyu
name: Wang, Enci
name: Li, Pengfei
name: Shi, JingJing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the spectroscopic and shear catalogs for SDSS galaxies in the local Universe, we compare optically-selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with control star-forming and quiescent galaxies on galactic, inter-halo and larger scales. We find that AGNs are preferentially found in two specific stages of galaxy evolution: star-burst and `green valley' phases, and that the stellar population of their host galaxies is quite independent of stellar mass, different from normal galaxies. Combining galaxy-galaxy lensing and galaxy clustering on large scales, we measure the mass of AGN host halos. The typical halo mass is about $10^{12}h^{-1}\rm M_{\odot}$, similar to the characteristic mass in the stellar mass-halo mass relation (SHMR). For given stellar mass, AGN host galaxies and star-forming galaxies share the same SHMR, while quiescent galaxies have more massive halos. Clustering analysis on halo scales reveals that AGNs are surrounded by a larger number of satellites (with stellar mass down to 1/1000 of the mass of the central galaxy) than star-forming galaxies, and that galaxies with larger stellar velocity dispersion have more satellites. The number of satellites also increase with halo mass, reaching unity around $10^{12}h^{-1}\rm M_{\odot}$. Our results suggest a scenario, in which the interaction of the central galaxy with the satellites triggers an early episode of star burst and AGN activities, followed by multiple AGN cycles driven by the non-axisymmetric structure produced by the interaction. The feedback from the starburst and AGN reduces the amount of cold gas for fueling the central black hole, producing a characteristic halo mass scale, $\sim 10^{12}h^{-1}\rm M_{\odot}$, where the AGN fraction peaks.
description: accepted by A&A, 17 pages, 11 figures
Exploring natural resource management tradeoffs in an agricultural landscape - an application of the MOSAIC model.
Creators: name: Lawson, Kenton
name: Hill, Christine M.
name: Hodges, Andrew
name: Jacobs, Brent
name: Lawson, Kenton
name: Hill, Christine M.
name: Hodges, Andrew
name: Jacobs, Brent
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: natural resource management
subject: cost effectiveness
subject: land use change
subject: multicriteria
subject: spatial optimisation

description: We describe a landscape scale non-linear discrete choice spatial optimisation model for identifying cost-effective strategies for achieving environmental goals. Spatial heterogeneity and configuration issues such as fencing costs, patch sizes and network linkages are explicitly accounted for and quasi-optimal allocations are determined using simulated annealing. Applications of the model being developed with New South Wales Catchment Management Authorities are discussed. These focus on targeting investments in revegetation to control dryland salinity and erosion and provide biodiversity benefits whilst minimising direct and opportunity costs. We compare our approach with alternate investment approaches.
Decays of an exotic $1^{-+}$ hybrid meson resonance in QCD
Creators: name: Woss, Antoni J.
name: Dudek, Jozef J.
name: Edwards, Robert G.
name: Thomas, Christopher E.
name: Wilson, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first determination of the hadronic decays of the lightest exotic $J^{PC}=1^{-+}$ resonance in lattice QCD. Working with SU(3) flavor symmetry, where the up, down and strange quark masses approximately match the physical strange-quark mass giving $m_π\sim 700$ MeV, we compute finite-volume spectra on six lattice volumes which constrain a scattering system featuring eight coupled channels. Analytically continuing the scattering amplitudes into the complex energy plane, we find a pole singularity corresponding to a narrow resonance which shows relatively weak coupling to the open pseudoscalar--pseudoscalar, vector--pseudoscalar and vector--vector decay channels, but large couplings to at least one kinematically-closed axial-vector--pseudoscalar channel. Attempting a simple extrapolation of the couplings to physical light-quark mass suggests a broad $π_1$ resonance decaying dominantly through the $b_1 π$ mode with much smaller decays into $f_1 π$, $ρπ$, $η' π$ and $ηπ$. A large total width is potentially in agreement with the experimental $π_1(1564)$ candidate state, observed in $ηπ$, $η' π$, which we suggest may be heavily suppressed decay channels.
description: 33 pages, 20 figures, small changes to match published version
Quantitative studies of the optical and UV spectra of Galactic early B supergiants I. Fundamental parameters
Creators: name: Searle, Samantha C.
name: Prinja, Raman K.
name: Massa, Derck
name: Ryans, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We undertake an optical and ultraviolet spectroscopic analysis of a sample of 20 Galactic B0 - B5 supergiants of luminosity classes Ia, Ib, Iab and II. Fundamental stellar parameters are obtained from optical diagnostics and a critical comparison of the model predictions to observed UV spectral features is made. These parameters are derived for individual stars using CMFGEN, the nLTE, line-blanketed model atmosphere code of Hillier et al., 1998. The B supergiant temperature scale derived here shows a reduction of 1000 - 3000 K compared to previous results obtained using unblanketed codes. Mass loss rate estimates are in good agreement with predicted theoretical values and all of the 20 B0 - B5 supergiants analysed show evidence for CNO processing. The observed WLR values calculated for B0 - B0.7 supergiants are larger than predicted values, whereas the reverse is true for B1 - B5 supergiants. This means that the discrepancy between observed and theoretical values cannot be resolved by adopting clumped (i.e., lower) mass loss rates, as for O stars. The most surprising result is that, although CMFGEN succeeds in reproducing the optical spectrum accurately, it fails to reproduce key UV diagnostics, such as NV and CIV P Cygni profiles, precisely. This problem arises because the models are not ionised enough and fail to reproduce the full extent of the observed absorption trough of the P Cygni profiles. These findings add further support to the need to revise the standard model of massive star winds.
description: A&A in press; 35 pages, 33 figures
Antitrust damages' claims in Spain
Creators: name: Marcos, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Competition Law
Antitrust Law
Damages
Private Enforcement
Derecho de la competencia
Daños
Aplicación privada
Spain
España

description: Tras describir brevemente el marco institucional y legal de las reclamaciones de daños y perjuicios por infracciones del Derecho de la competencia en España, este trabajo analiza la experiencia de nuestros tribunales en la decisión de estas acciones y muestra el aumento de las demandas follow-on en casos de cárteles en los últimos cinco años. Adicionalmente, las reclamaciones por daños y perjuicios por infracciones de la competencia declaradas o conocidas con posterioridad al 27 de mayo de 2017 se regirán por las disposiciones legales nacionales que trasponen la Directiva 2014/104/UE. Aunque en el pasado ha habido algunos pronunciamientos sobre daños por abuso de posición dominante y restricciones verticales (tanto follow-on como stand-alone), ahora las acciones follow-on en caso de cárteles son las más numerosas. En ellas, los demandantes privados “pisan los talones” a las autoridades de competencia. El descubrimiento por parte de las autoridades de competencia de algunos carteles en varias industrias ha allanado el camino para las demandas por daños de sus víctimas. Después de que el Tribunal Supremo dictara dos sentencias pioneras sobre la indemnización de los daños y perjuicios causados por el cártel del azúcar, se han planteado sucesivas reclamaciones de daños por los afectados por el cártel de los sobres de papel, el cártel de los seguros inmobiliarios decenales y, sobre todo, el cártel de los fabricantes de camiones. After briefly describing the institutional and l egal framework for antitrust damages claims in Spain, this article surveys the courts’ experience in deciding these actions and shows the rise in cartel follow-on claims in the last five years. Damages claims for antitrust infringements declared or known after the 27 May 2017 will be governed by national legal provisions implementing Directive 2014/104/UE. Although there had been in the past some antitrust damages cases for abuse of dominance and vertical restraints (both follow-on and stand-alone), nowadays follow-on cartel actions are the most numerous. Therein, private plaintiffs tread on the heels of competition authorities. Competition authorities’ unearthing of major cartels in several industries has paved the way for damages suits by their victims. After the Supreme Court decided the leading case of damages’ claims in the sugar cartel, follow-on on damages claims have germinated from the paper envelopes cartel, the decennial real estate insurance cartel and, most notably, the truck manufacturers’ cartel.
Directed motion emerging from two coupled random processes: Translocation of a chain through a membrane nanopore driven by binding proteins
Creators: name: Ambjoernsson, T.
name: Lomholt, M. A.
name: Metzler, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the translocation of a stiff polymer consisting of M monomers through a nanopore in a membrane, in the presence of binding particles (chaperones) that bind onto the polymer, and partially prevent backsliding of the polymer through the pore. The process is characterized by the rates: k for the polymer to make a diffusive jump through the pore, q for unbinding of a chaperone, and the rate q kappa for binding (with a binding strength kappa); except for the case of no binding kappa=0 the presence of the chaperones give rise to an effective force that drives the translocation process. Based on a (2+1) variate master equation, we study in detail the coupled dynamics of diffusive translocation and (partial) rectification by the binding proteins. In particular, we calculate the mean translocation time as a function of the various physical parameters.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, IOP style
Laser Ablation of Electrodes for Next Generation Batteries
Creators: name: Pfleging, Wilhelm
name: Sterzl, Yannic
name: Rist, Ulrich
name: Reinhold, Carolyn
name: Straßburger, Niclas
name: Meyer, Alexandra
name: Zhu, Penghui
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2024
Subjects: laser ablation
3D battery
ultrafast laser
upscaling

description: More than a decade ago, a new area of research was initiated in the field of laser ablation of electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. While the initial focus was on fundamental studies using nanosecond laser radiation and compact thin-film electrodes (<3 μm) for micro-batteries, application-oriented research using composite thick-film electrodes (50-150 μm) with high areal capacity (2-6 mAh/cm2) for mobile applications increasingly became the subject of intense investigations [1]. The development of an efficient research process was made possible by combining laser process technology with battery manufacturing, as well as corresponding analysis at the laboratory level. The control of the electrode porosity, design, and composition via tape casting or laser printing [2], and the short distances to battery assembly, formation, and analysis are crucial factors in this process. Mainly driven by the strong demand for low-cost, reliable, high-energy, and high-capacity batteries for electric vehicles, laser ablation became a promising technology to enable advanced 3D electrode architectures with exceptional electrochemical performances. The implementation of specific 3D electrode designs has been demonstrated to be advantageous in multiple ways, with benefits extending to both battery manufacturing and operation. This facilitates enhanced cost-efficiency in production and improvements in performance, including a fourfold increase in cycle lifetime and optimized rapid charging capabilities. Furthermore, there is evidence that these designs have the potential to contribute to enhanced battery safety, through the reduction of lithium plating [3]. Given the highly functional nature of battery materials and their specific micro- and nano-scale design regarding mechanical and chemical stability, as well as diffusion kinetic properties, the laser-material interaction, the ablation mechanism, and the impact of laser ablation on material level (Figure) and on electrochemical performance on battery level were subjected to detailed analysis. The most prevalent method for electrode structuring is the utilization of ultrafast laser ablation, with the objective of reducing thermally driven material modifications. Recently, high-power ultrafast lasers (>300 W), GHz lasers, and multi-beam processing strategies were developed and employed in roll-to-roll machining to match with processing speeds required for battery production. The upscaling of the 3D battery concept, with capacities of up to 20 Ah, was successfully demonstrated.
New Limit for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay of $^{100}$Mo from the CUPID-Mo Experiment
Creators: name: Armengaud, E.
name: Augier, C.
name: Barabash, A. S.
name: Bellini, F.
name: Benato, G.
name: Benoît, A.
name: Beretta, M.
name: Bergé, L.
name: Billard, J.
name: Borovlev, Yu. A.
name: Bourgeois, Ch.
name: Brudanin, V. B.
name: Camus, P.
name: Cardani, L.
name: Casali, N.
name: Cazes, A.
name: Chapellier, M.
name: Charlieux, F.
name: Chiesa, D.
name: de Combarieu, M.
name: Dafinei, I.
name: Danevich, F. A.
name: De Jesus, M.
name: Dixon, T.
name: Dumoulin, L.
name: Eitel, K.
name: Ferri, F.
name: Fujikawa, B. K.
name: Gascon, J.
name: Gironi, L.
name: Giuliani, A.
name: Grigorieva, V. D.
name: Gros, M.
name: Guerard, E.
name: Helis, D. L.
name: Huang, H. Z.
name: Huang, R.
name: Johnston, J.
name: Juillard, A.
name: Khalife, H.
name: Kleifges, M.
name: Kobychev, V. V.
name: Kolomensky, Yu. G.
name: Konovalov, S. I.
name: Leder, A.
name: Loaiza, P.
name: Ma, L.
name: Makarov, E. P.
name: de Marcillac, P.
name: Mariam, R.
name: Marini, L.
name: Marnieros, S.
name: Misiak, D.
name: Navick, X. -F.
name: Nones, C.
name: Norman, E. B.
name: Novati, V.
name: Olivieri, E.
name: Ouellet, J. L.
name: Pagnanini, L.
name: Pari, P.
name: Pattavina, L.
name: Paul, B.
name: Pavan, M.
name: Peng, H.
name: Pessina, G.
name: Pirro, S.
name: Poda, D. V.
name: Polischuk, O. G.
name: Pozzi, S.
name: Previtali, E.
name: Redon, Th.
name: Rojas, A.
name: Rozov, S.
name: Rusconi, C.
name: Sanglard, V.
name: Scarpaci, J. A.
name: Schäffner, K.
name: Schmidt, B.
name: Shen, Y.
name: Shlegel, V. N.
name: Siebenborn, B.
name: Singh, V.
name: Tomei, C.
name: Tretyak, V. I.
name: Umatov, V. I.
name: Vagneron, L.
name: Velázquez, M.
name: Welliver, B.
name: Winslow, L.
name: Xue, M.
name: Yakushev, E.
name: Zarytskyy, M.
name: Zolotarova, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CUPID-Mo experiment at the Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (France) is a demonstrator for CUPID, the next-generation ton-scale cryogenic $0νββ$ experiment. It consists of a 4.2 kg array of 20 enriched Li$_{2}$$^{100}$MoO$_4$ scintillating bolometers to search for the lepton number violating process of $0νββ$ decay in $^{100}$Mo. With more than one year of operation (2.16 kg$\times$yr of physics data), no event in the region of interest and hence no evidence for $0νββ$ is observed. We report a new limit on the half-life of $0νββ$ decay in $^{100}$Mo of $T_{1/2} > 1.5 \times 10^{24}\,$yr at 90 % C.I. The limit corresponds to an effective Majorana neutrino mass $\langle m_{ββ} \rangle$ $
Evidence for differentiation in the iron-helicoidal-chain in GdFe$_{3}$(BO$_{3}$)$_{4}$
Creators: name: Klimin, S.
name: Fausti, D.
name: Meetsma, A.
name: Bezmaternykh, L. N.
name: van Loosdrecht, P. H. M.
name: Palstra, T. T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a single-crystal X-ray structure study of $GdFe_{3}(BO_{3})_{4}$ at room temperature and at T=90 K. At room temperature $GdFe_{3}(BO_{3})_{4}$ crystallizes in a trigonal space group R32 (No. 155), the same as found for other members of iron-borate family $RFe_{3}(BO_{3})_{4}$. At 90 K the structure of $GdFe_{3}(BO_{3})_{4}$ has transformed to the space group $P3_{1}2_{1}$ (No. 152). The low-temperature structure determination gives new insight into the weakly first-order structural phase transition at 156 K and into the related Raman phonon anomalies. The discovery of two inequivalent iron chains in the low temperature structure provide new point of view on the low-temperature magnetic properties.
description: Subm. to Acta Cryst. B
The effects of acid mine drainage at Britannia Beach, B.C., on fucus gardneri and associated intertidal algae
Creators: name: Marsden, Allan Dale
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Copper ore was extracted from Britannia Mine, British Columbia, Canada, from 1902 until the mine ceased operations in 1974. Rain, snowmelt and groundwater now percolate through the mine tunnels, producing an acidic solution of dissolved metals known as Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). A portion of the AMD from the mine flows into Britannia Creek, which in turn flows into Howe Sound, 50 km north of Vancouver, B.C. This study examined the effects of this effluent on the distribution of intertidal macroalgae with a focus on Fucus gardneri Silva, a seaweed which thrives 2 km from the mouth of Britannia Creek but is absent from the shore near the Creek. F. gardneri provides habitat and food for benthic invertebrates, which are a major food source for chum salmon fry and chinook salmon fry and smolts. Algal communities were quantified at 7 intertidal stations to the north and south of the mouth of Britannia Creek and at 6 similar stations at nearby Furry Creek, a reference site. Algal cover was almost non-existent within 200 m of the mouth of Britannia Creek, and F. gardneri was completely absent on the 600 m of shoreline south of Britannia Creek and on 1000 m of shoreline north of the same Creek. There was, however, a heavy cover of filamentous green algae, mainly Enteromorpha compressa (L.) Link, at sites 300 m and 700 m south and north of Britannia Creek, respectively, suggesting that these algae can better tolerate AMD. Experimental work consisted of transplanting F. gardneri-covered cobbles from a control site to Britannia Beach and monitoring the plants' growth, survivorship and copper content. In five experiments conducted from June 1997 to November 1998, plants moved to within 100 m of Britannia Creek generally had lower survivorships and lower growth rates than plants at the control site, as well as higher tissue copper concentrations. Survivorship and growth rates of plants moved to areas farther from Britannia Creek (300-700 m) were not significantly different from control plants.
Renormalization group dependence of the QCD coupling
Creators: name: Peng, G. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general relation between the standard expansion coefficients and the beta function for the QCD coupling is exactly derived in a mathematically strict way. It is accordingly found that an infinite number of logarithmic terms are lost in the standard expansion with a finite order, and these lost terms can be given in a closed form. Numerical calculations, by a new matching-invariant coupling with the corresponding beta function to four-loop level, show that the new expansion converges much faster.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, RevTex4 style
Semiclassical approximation and critical temperature shift for weakly interacting trapped bosons
Creators: name: Deuchert, Andreas
name: Seiringer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a system of N trapped bosons with repulsive interactions in a combined semiclassical mean-field limit at positive temperature. We show that the free energy is well approximated by the minimum of the Hartree free energy functional - a natural extension of the Hartree energy functional to positive temperatures. The Hartree free energy functional converges in the same limit to a semiclassical free energy functional, and we show that the system displays Bose-Einstein condensation if and only if it occurs in the semiclassical free energy functional. This allows us to show that for weak coupling the critical temperature decreases due to the repulsive interactions.
description: 59 pages
A STUDY OF CEREAL PRICE INTERRELATIONSHIPS ACROSS MARKETS AND COMMODITIES AT THE WHOLESALE AND RETAIL LEVELS IN MALI
Creators: name: Barry, Abdoul Wahab
name: Barry, Abdoul Wahab
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: Beginning in 1981, the government of Mali undertook several policy reforms to allow participation of private traders in cereal marketing, which up to that date was officially controlled by a parastatal. These reforms can be expected to have an impact on the working of the cereals market. One of the main objectives of this study is to assess the performance of the cereal marketing system. The task is to study how different markets are interrelated in terms of price formation, by using wholesale and retail price data and different techniques of analysis. These methods of analysis include bivariate correlations, calculation of margins, and multiple regression techniques. Not only is the research aimed at showing the differences and similarities of the different methods of analysis, but also at showing the strength and weaknesses of different data sets on cereal prices in Mali. Another objective of this paper is to study the price interrelationships across commodities in order to determine the degree of substitutability between the cereals involved.
SAURIA
Creators: name: Sahni, Ashok
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1972
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: ORDER SAURIA
With the greater collecting efficiency achieved by the use of screening methods, not only has the taxonomy of small mammals become clearer but so has that of other small vertebrates, notably lizards.
The lizards are represented by a fragmentary assortment of dentaries, maxillae, and vertebrae. Most of the jaw pieces reveal the presence of well-worn or digested teeth. Some of the better preserved specimens come from Clayball Hill, where the productive layer is a silty shale in which the delicate bones are less fragmented than in the bone concentrate from Clambank Hollow. There are no differences among the identifiable lizards of the Judith River Formation, Montana, and the Lance Formation, Wyoming, at the species level.
Gilmore (1928, 1938) was the pioneer in the study of Cretaceous lizards and snakes. Gilmore (1943) also discussed the lizards obtained from the Djadochta Formation of Mongolia and described nine genera representing the families Agamidae, Chamaeleontidae, Ametosauridae, Amphisbaenidae, Varanidae, and Anguidae. Commendable as his efforts were, they were hampered by the fragmentary and eroded nature of his material and by insufficient Recent comparative material. Consequently Estes (1964) revised the lizard genera recovered from the Lance Formation, Wyoming.
The lizard fauna of the Campanian, in comparison with the Maestrichtian, was quite poorly known until the current investigation, as no lizard genus had been reported from the Judith River Formation. Of the two genera described from the Oldman Formation of Alberta as lizards, Palaeosaniwa canadensis Gilmore (1928) and Polyodontosaurus grandis Gilmore (1932), only P. canadensis is actually a lizard. Sternberg (195 1) and McDowell and Bogert (1954) showed that P. grandis was a dinosaur.
The lacertilian fauna was collected chiefly from Clayball Hill and Clambank Hollow, and is composed of six genera and six species previously known from the Lance Formation.
The presence of a new genus of lizard in the Judith River Formation is indicated by a number of varanoid-like vertebrae. These vertebrae cannot as yet be associated with any of the dentaries or maxillae in the collection. They are smaller and structurally dissimilar to the vertebrae of Palaeosaniwa canadensis, but resemble, in certain features, the ophidian, Coniophis. Other specimens are present in the Judith River Formation which are evidently different from those of the Lance Formation, but the material is too fragmentary and inadequate to make a meaningful comparison.
description: Published as part of Sahni, Ashok, 1972, The vertebrate Fauna of the Judith River formation, Montana, pp. 319-416 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 147 (6) on pages 351-352, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3382461
title: Essays on outward foreign direct investment and technological innovation
Creators: name: Li, Yunxiong
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2021

description: This thesis studies outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) of Chinese multinational enterprises (CMNEs) and technological innovation. The first three chapters explore how home country contexts influence OFDI decisions, strategies and post investment performance. Chapter 1 develops a “three internationalization advantages” framework in which CMNEs invest abroad not only on the basis of firm-specific advantages (FSA) but also on state-created and network-based advantages which can make up for the shortage of FSA. The necessary condition for the OFDI of Chinese firms is “relative FSA” over domestic competitors, to get access to state-created and network-based advantages. Chapter 2 combines the local-global connectivity literature with host location choice studies to explain the location strategies of CMNEs. Firms originating from different subnational home regions (31 Chinese provinces), show heterogenous spatial patterns in global expansion patterns, which can be partly attributed to prior connectivity between home regions and foreign countries. Export, patent co-invention activities as well as the “friendship city” relationship facilitate OFDI, and such an influence differs across investment motives. Chapter 3 focuses on post-OFDI innovation performance of CMNEs and the influence of inward FDI (IFDI). Using quasi-experimental models, empirical results indicate that OFDI has a significant impact on their subsequent innovation performance, which is affected by Chinese firms’ prior within- and between-firm interactions with IFDI and also moderated by the country of origin of the IFDI. Chapter 4 focuses on technological dynamics and rare metals (RMs). Through text mining 5,214,307 USPTO granted patents over the period 1976-2015, we found that RMs work as an important material basis for modern technologies. At the level of technology subgroups, increases in the supply of a certain RM significantly boost the innovation output of technology areas which rely heavily on this RM.
Purpose Clauses
Creators: name: Beck, Ethel
name: Manker, Jonathan
name: Ridley, Ruth
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: haa
subject: Han language

description: Han_RR_EB_07122014_13: purpose clauses; most verbs ‘hunt’ and ‘eat;’ different combinations with different aspects and tenses. Han_RR_EB_07142014_14: more purpose clauses; ‘looking for firewood,’ ‘making snowshoes;’ habitual purpose, future purpose, imperfective purpose, optative purpose, etc.
AGRICULTURAL CREDIT UTILIZATION AND PROJECTED NEEDS IN CANADA
Creators: name: Charland, Andre
name: Charland, Andre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: The technological and economic development at the beginning of the century started to disrupt that pattern but the real revolution took place after the Second World War. During the past 20 years, the pace of change in agriculture accelerated and this trend will probably continue to accelerate during the seventies. One of the results of this revolution is a tremendous need for capital which cannot be generated internally by the farm business. Therefore, farmers have to rely more and more on credit. In Canada, the principle provider of long-term funds for the farmer is a crown agency, the Farm Credit Corporation. The important changes we saw in the past year are not heading toward a stop or a pause. On the contrary, the acceleration of the last years seem to continue. Consequently, we could forecast an increase in borrowing capital by 1981 because it will be more difficult for a family to generate the capital needed to finance a farm enterprise. This assumes that the family farm will still be the predominant type of farm.
Spectroscopic Confirmation of Multiple Red Galaxy-Galaxy Mergers in MS1054-03 (z=0.83)
Creators: name: Tran, Kim-Vy H.
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: Franx, Marijn
name: Illingworth, Garth D.
name: Kelson, Daniel D.
name: Schreiber, Natascha M. Forster
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present follow-up spectroscopy of the galaxy cluster MS1054-03 (z=0.83) confirming that at least six of the nine merging galaxy pairs identified by van Dokkum et al. (1999) are indeed bound systems: they have projected separations of R_s<10 kpc and relative line-of sight velocities of dv<165 km/s. For the remaining three pairs, we were unable to obtain redshifts of both constituent galaxies. To identify a more objective sample of merging systems, we select bound red galaxy pairs (R_s<=30 kpc, dv<=300 km/s) from our sample of 121 confirmed cluster members: galaxies in bound red pairs make up 15.7+/-3.6% of the cluster population. The (B-K_s) color-magnitude diagram shows that the pair galaxies are as red as the E/S0 members and have a homogeneous stellar population. The red pair galaxies span a large range in luminosity and internal velocity dispersion to include some of the brightest, most massive members (L>L*, sigma>200 km/s); these bound galaxy pairs must evolve into E/S0 members by z~0.7. These results combined with MS1054's high merger fraction and reservoir of likely future mergers indicates that most, if not all, of its early-type members evolved from (passive) galaxy-galaxy mergers at z
description: accepted by ApJ Letters; high resolution version of Fig. 2 available at http://www.exp-astro.phys.ethz.ch/tran/outgoing/ms1054mgrs.ps.gz
Towards complete leading-order predictions for neutrinoless double $β$ decay
Creators: name: Cirigliano, Vincenzo
name: Dekens, Wouter
name: de Vries, Jordy
name: Hoferichter, Martin
name: Mereghetti, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The amplitude for the neutrinoless double $β$ ($0νββ$) decay of the two-neutron system, $nn\to ppe^-e^-$, constitutes a key building block for nuclear-structure calculations of heavy nuclei employed in large-scale $0νββ$ searches. Assuming that the $0νββ$ process is mediated by a light-Majorana-neutrino exchange, a systematic analysis in chiral effective field theory shows that already at leading order a contact operator is required to ensure renormalizability. In this work, we develop a method to estimate the numerical value of its coefficient in analogy to the Cottingham formula and validate the result by reproducing the charge-independence-breaking contribution to the nucleon-nucleon scattering lengths. Our central result, while derived in the $\overline{\text{MS}}$ scheme, is given in terms of the renormalized amplitude $\mathcal{A}_ν(|\mathbf{p}|,|\mathbf{p}^\prime|)$, matching to which will allow one to determine the contact-term contribution in regularization schemes employed in nuclear-structure calculations. Our results thus greatly reduce a crucial uncertainty in the interpretation of searches for $0νββ$ decay.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; journal version. See arXiv:2102.03371 for an extended version
THE REFORM OF AGRICULTURAL MARKETING AND SUPPLY COOPERATIVES IN CHINA
Creators: name: Yao, Xianbin
name: Yao, Xianbin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This paper analyzes the current reforms of the agricultural supply and marketing cooperatives in China. The emphasis of the paper is on describing the institutional changes in China's agricultural economy and stressing the theoretical reasons why the cooperatives can be an efficient marketing alternative. This paper argues that performance of an agricultural marketing and supply cooperative is affected by its internal organization and its external relationships. These two issues are discussed in some detail with the reference to the situation in China.
The Vancouver Peretz Institute Yiddish Library : the social history of a jewish community library
Creators: name: Jones, Faith
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis examines the Vancouver Peretz Institute Library, a Yiddish language library housed in a secular humanist Jewish community centre. The organization provides supplementary schooling for children, and holds seniors' groups, adult classes, and special events. In this thesis the organization's library is placed in the context of Yiddish library history, the history of the Yiddish secular school movement, and the mainstream Jewish community in Vancouver. Attention is given to the organization's founding in 1945, and its creation of the library in 1976, as well as its relationship to the Vancouver Jewish community and other organizations in the Yiddish cultural movement, such as YIVO and the National Yiddish Book Center. The school's philosophy was highly influenced by the Holocaust and its destruction of much of Yiddish-speaking Jewry; by the left-wing affiliations of many members and much of the Yiddish cultural community; and by the emergence of McCarthyism in Vancouver's Jewish community. The library emerged from the personal vision of a member who is a Holocaust survivor, Paulina Kirman. Although never heavily used, and although financial difficulties are a constant factor in the organization, the library has been maintained due to the institute's attachment to Yiddish culture. The future of community Yiddish libraries such as this one is examined in light of technical and social factors, including cataloguing and preservation difficulties and the development of a Yiddish literary canon. Finally, the Vancouver Peretz Institute Library is placed in the context of the larger issue of the role of Yiddish in modern Jewish identities. Although usage of the Yiddish language is in decline, the continuation of this library illustrates the symbolic role which it continues to play in the imagination of Diaspora Jews. The marginality of Yiddish appeals especially to those with emotional connections to secular, left-wing, and other minority Jewish identities.
Precipitation of amorphous ferromagnetic semiconductor phase in epitaxially grown Mn-doped Ge thin films
Creators: name: Sugahara, Satoshi
name: Lee, Kok Leong
name: Yada, Shinsuke
name: Tanaka, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the origin of ferromagnetism in epitaxially grown Mn-doped Ge thin films. Using low-temperature molecular beam epitaxy, Mn-doped Ge films were successfully grown without precipitation of ferromagnetic Ge-Mn intermetallic compounds, such as Mn5Ge3. Magnetic circular dichroism measurements revealed that the epitaxially grown Mn-doped Ge films exhibited clear ferromagnetic behavior, but the Zeeman splitting observed at the critical points was not induced by the s,p-d exchange interactions. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses show phase separation of amorphous Ge1-xMnx clusters with high Mn content from a Mn-free monocrystalline Ge matrix. Since amorphous Ge1-xMnx was characterized as a homogeneous ferromagnetic semiconductor, the precipitation of the amorphous Ge1-xMnx clusters is the origin of the ferromagnetic semiconductor behavior of the epitaxially grown Mn-doped Ge films.
description: 12pages, 4figures
ATLAS Violating CP Effectively
Creators: name: Bakshi, Supratim Das
name: Chakrabortty, Joydeep
name: Englert, Christoph
name: Spannowsky, Michael
name: Stylianou, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CP violation beyond the Standard Model (SM) is a crucial missing piece for explaining the observed matter-antimatter symmetry in the Universe. Recently, the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider has performed an analysis of electroweak $Zjj$ production, thereby excluding the SM locally at 95\% confidence level in the measurement of CP-sensitive observables. We take the excess' interpretation in terms of anomalous gauge-Higgs interactions at face value and discuss further steps that are required to scrutinize its origin. In particular, we discuss the relevance of multi-boson production using adapted angular observables to show how they can be used to directly tension the reported $Zjj$ excess in a more comprehensive analysis. To connect the excess to a concrete UV scenario for which the underlying assumptions of the $Zjj$ analysis are valid, we identify vector-like leptons as a candidate theory consistent with the observed CP-odd Wilson coefficient hierarchy observed by ATLAS. We perform a complete one-loop matching calculation to motivate further model-specific and correlated new physics searches. In parallel, we provide estimates of the sensitivity reach of the LHC's high luminosity phase for this particular scenario of CP-violation in light of electroweak precision and Run-2 Higgs data. These provide strong constraints on the model's CP-even low-energy phenomenology, but also inform the size of the CP-odd SM deformation indirectly via our model hypothesis.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables; version published in PRD;
Bianchi-I classical and quantum spinor cosmology with signature change
Creators: name: Vakili, B.
name: Sepangi, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the classical and quantum evolution of a universe in which the matter source is a massive Dirac spinor field and the universe is described by a Bianchi type I metric. We focus attention on those classical solutions that admit a degenerate metric in which the scale factors have smooth behavior in transition from a Euclidean to a Lorentzian domain and show that this transition happens when the cosmological constant, $Λ$, is negative. The resulting quantum cosmology and the corresponding Wheeler-DeWitt equation are also studied and closed form expressions for the wave functions of the universe is presented. We have shown that there is a close relationship between the quantum states and signature changing classical solutions, suggesting a mechanism for creation of a Lorentzian universe from a Euclidean region by a continuous change of signature. The quantum solutions also represent a quantization rule for the mass of the spinor field.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
A REVIEW OF SELECTED RESEARCH ON POST-HARVEST LOSSES OF GRAINS AND THE UTILIZATION OF FARM LEVEL STORAGE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Vaccaro, Carlos Ma
name: Vaccaro, Carlos Ma
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: An analysis of food production and population trends reveals that mankind will continue to struggle to feed itself. From 1970-1976, annual per capita food production increased 1.4% in developed countries and at less than 1% in developing ones. Population growth rates have been declining in the former, but have remained more or less constant and at much higher levels in the latter. Therefore increasing food supply is more critical in developing countries. Three approaches are often mentioned to help cope with the possible world food shortage: 1) increase food supplies by increasing production; 2) reduce future increase in demand by slowing population growth; and 3) increase food availability by reducing post-harvest losses. All three approaches are necessary in an overall strategy to solve the world food problem.