cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reinforcement Learning Control of a Biomechanical Model of the Upper Extremity
Creators: name: Fischer, Florian
name: Bachinski, Miroslav
name: Klar, Markus
name: Fleig, Arthur
name: Müller, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Among the infinite number of possible movements that can be produced, humans are commonly assumed to choose those that optimize criteria such as minimizing movement time, subject to certain movement constraints like signal-dependent and constant motor noise. While so far these assumptions have only been evaluated for simplified point-mass or planar models, we address the question of whether they can predict reaching movements in a full skeletal model of the human upper extremity. We learn a control policy using a motor babbling approach as implemented in reinforcement learning, using aimed movements of the tip of the right index finger towards randomly placed 3D targets of varying size. We use a state-of-the-art biomechanical model, which includes seven actuated degrees of freedom. To deal with the curse of dimensionality, we use a simplified second-order muscle model, acting at each degree of freedom instead of individual muscles. The results confirm that the assumptions of signal-dependent and constant motor noise, together with the objective of movement time minimization, are sufficient for a state-of-the-art skeletal model of the human upper extremity to reproduce complex phenomena of human movement, in particular Fitts' Law and the 2/3 Power Law. This result supports the notion that control of the complex human biomechanical system can plausibly be determined by a set of simple assumptions and can easily be learned.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Ferroelectricity and multiferroicity in anti-Ruddlesden-Popper structures
Creators: name: Markov, Maxime
name: Alaerts, Louis
name: Miranda, Henrique P. C.
name: Petretto, Guido
name: Chen, Wei
name: George, Janine
name: Bousquet, Eric
name: Ghosez, Philippe
name: Rignanese, Gian-Marco
name: Hautier, Geoffroy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining ferroelectricity with other properties such as visible light absorption or long-range magnetic order requires the discovery of new families of ferroelectric materials. Here, through the analysis of a high-throughput database of phonon band structures, we identify a new structural family of anti-Ruddlesden-Popper phases A$_4$X$_2$O (A=Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu, X=Sb, P, As, Bi) showing ferroelectric and anti-ferroelectric behaviors. The discovered ferroelectrics belong to the new class of hyperferroelectrics which polarize even under open-circuit boundary conditions. The polar distortion involves the movement of O anions against apical A cations and is driven by geometric effects resulting from internal chemical strains. Within this new structural family, we show that Eu$_4$Sb$_2$O combines coupled ferromagnetic and ferroelectric order at the same atomic site, a very rare occurrence in materials physics.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures with supplemental information attached
Electric field effects on the band gap and edge states of monolayer 1T'-WTe2
Creators: name: Maximenko, Yulia
name: Chang, Yueqing
name: Chen, Guannan
name: Hirsbrunner, Mark R.
name: Swiech, Waclaw
name: Hughes, Taylor L.
name: Wagner, Lucas K.
name: Madhavan, Vidya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolayer 1T'-WTe2 is a quantum spin Hall insulator with a gapped bulk and gapless helical edge states persisting to temperatures around 100 K. Recent studies have revealed a topological-to-trivial phase transition as well the emergence of an unconventional, potentially topological superconducting state upon tuning the carrier concentration with gating. However, despite extensive studies, the effects of gating on the band structure and the helical edge states have not yet been established. In this work we present a combined low-temperature STM and first principles study of back-gated monolayer 1T'-WTe2 films grown on graphene. Consistent with a quantum spin Hall system, the films show well-defined bulk gaps and clear edge states that span the gap. By directly measuring the density of states with STM spectroscopy, we show that the bulk band gap magnitude shows substantial changes with applied gate voltage, which is contrary to the naïve expectation that a gate would rigidly shift the bands relative to the Fermi level. To explain our data, we carry out density functional theory and model Hamiltonian calculations which show that a gate electric field causes doping and inversion symmetry breaking which polarizes and spin-splits the bulk bands. Interestingly, the calculated spin splitting from the effective Rashba-like spin-orbit coupling can be in the tens of meV for the electric fields in the experiment, which may be useful for spintronics applications. Our work reveals the strong effect of electric fields on the bulk band structure of monolayer 1T'-WTe2, which will play a critical role in our understanding of gate-induced phenomena in this system.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Hybrid quantum-classical algorithms for approximate graph coloring
Creators: name: Bravyi, Sergey
name: Kliesch, Alexander
name: Koenig, Robert
name: Tang, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to apply the recursive quantum approximate optimization algorithm (RQAOA) to MAX-$k$-CUT, the problem of finding an approximate $k$-vertex coloring of a graph. We compare this proposal to the best known classical and hybrid classical-quantum algorithms. First, we show that the standard (non-recursive) QAOA fails to solve this optimization problem for most regular bipartite graphs at any constant level $p$: the approximation ratio achieved by QAOA is hardly better than assigning colors to vertices at random. Second, we construct an efficient classical simulation algorithm which simulates level-$1$ QAOA and level-$1$ RQAOA for arbitrary graphs. In particular, these hybrid algorithms give rise to efficient classical algorithms, and no benefit arising from the use of quantum mechanics is to be expected. Nevertheless, they provide a suitable testbed for assessing the potential benefit of hybrid algorithm: We use the simulation algorithm to perform large-scale simulation of level-$1$ QAOA and RQAOA with up to $300$ qutrits applied to ensembles of randomly generated $3$-colorable constant-degree graphs. We find that level-$1$ RQAOA is surprisingly competitive: for the ensembles considered, its approximation ratios are often higher than those achieved by the best known generic classical algorithm based on rounding an SDP relaxation. This suggests the intriguing possibility that higher-level RQAOA may be a potentially useful algorithm for NISQ devices.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures
Incidence and distribution of cassava mosaic begomoviruses in Côte d’Ivoire
Creators: name: Eshabel Andra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Botany
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 99901 Agricultural Engineering
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Education

description: Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) caused by the whitefly- transmitted begomoviruses (family Geminiviridae) is a major threat to production of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Côte d’Ivoire. A survey was conducted in the major production zones in Côte d’Ivoire to assess the incidence, severity, and distribution of cassava viral diseases. At each survey site, up to ten plants were assessed for symptom severity; incidence and samples were taken for virus testing. Techniques based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for the detection of cassava mosaic begomoviruses (CMBs) in the sampled leaves. Incidence of CMD varied from 0 to 100% and symptom severity from 1 to 5. Incidence differed significantly between the various agro-ecological zones (P<0.001), but severity was the same in those zones. Out of the 335 samples tested, African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV) was detected in 43.3%, East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus (EACMCV) in 5.7%, and both ACMV and EACMCV in 31.3%; 19.7% of the samples analyzed were negative to all the viruses tested. None of the samples was tested positive to the East African cassava mosaic virus-Uganda (EACMV-Ug). These results suggest high incidence of CMD in the cassava production zones in Côte d’lvoire and underscores a need for implementation of control measures including phytosanitary measures with utilization of CMD-free materials for planting and adoption of resistant varieties.
Study of momentum diffusion with the effect of adiabatic focusing
Creators: name: Wang, J. F.
name: Qin, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Momentum diffusion of the energetic charged particles is an important mechanism of the transport process in astrophysics, physics of the fusion devices, and laboratory plasmas. In addition to the uniform field momentum diffusion, we obtain the modifying term due to the focusing effect of the large-scale magnetic field. After evaluating the modifying term, we find that it is determined by the sign of the focusing characteristic length and the Fokker-Planck coefficients $D_{μμ}$, $D_{μp}$, $D_{pμ}$, and $D_{pp}$. It is shown that we get a new second order acceleration mechanism in this work.
description: Published in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 257:44 (34pp), 2021 December
Explainable machine learning of the underlying physics of high-energy particle collisions
Creators: name: Lai, Yue Shi
name: Neill, Duff
name: Płoskoń, Mateusz
name: Ringer, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an implementation of an explainable and physics-aware machine learning model capable of inferring the underlying physics of high-energy particle collisions using the information encoded in the energy-momentum four-vectors of the final state particles. We demonstrate the proof-of-concept of our White Box AI approach using a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) which learns from a DGLAP-based parton shower Monte Carlo event generator. We show, for the first time, that our approach leads to a network that is able to learn not only the final distribution of particles, but also the underlying parton branching mechanism, i.e. the Altarelli-Parisi splitting function, the ordering variable of the shower, and the scaling behavior. While the current work is focused on perturbative physics of the parton shower, we foresee a broad range of applications of our framework to areas that are currently difficult to address from first principles in QCD. Examples include nonperturbative and collective effects, factorization breaking and the modification of the parton shower in heavy-ion, and electron-nucleus collisions.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Automorphisms of (Affine) SL(2,q)-Unitals
Creators: name: Möhler, Verena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51A10, 05E18

description: $\operatorname{SL}(2,q)$-unitals are unitals of order $q$ admitting a regular action of $\operatorname{SL}(2,q)$ on the complement of some block. They can be obtained from affine $\operatorname{SL}(2,q)$-unitals via parallelisms. We compute a sharp upper bound for automorphism groups of affine $\operatorname{SL}(2,q)$-unitals and show that exactly two parallelisms are fixed by all automorphisms. In $\operatorname{SL}(2,q)$-unitals obtained as closures of affine $\operatorname{SL}(2,q)$-unitals via those two parallelisms, we show that there is one block fixed under the full automorphism group.
description: 15 pages; references updated. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2012.10129
On the Darwin-Howie-Whelan equations for the scattering of fast electrons described by the Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Koprucki, Thomas
name: Maltsi, Anieza
name: Mielke, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35J10 74J20

description: The Darwin-Howie-Whelan equations are commonly used to describe and simulate the scattering of fast electrons in transmission electron microscopy. They are a system of infinitely many envelope functions, derived from the Schrödinger equation. However, for the simulation of images only a finite set of envelope functions is used, leading to a system of ordinary differential equations in thickness direction of the specimen. We study the mathematical structure of this system and provide error estimates to evaluate the accuracy of special approximations, like the two-beam and the systematic-row approximation.
A Serre-Swan Theorem for Coisotropic Algebras
Creators: name: Dippell, Marvin
name: Menke, Felix
name: Waldmann, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Coisotropic algebras are used to formalize coisotropic reduction in Poisson geometry as well as in deformation quantization and find applications in various other fields as well. In this paper we prove a Serre-Swan Theorem relating the regular projective modules over the coisotropic algebra built out of a manifold $M$, a submanifold $C$ and an integrable smooth distribution $D \subseteq TC$ with vector bundles over this geometric situation and show an equivalence of categories for the case of a simple distribution.
description: 31 pages
In orbit performance of UVIT over the 5 years
Creators: name: Ghosh, S. K.
name: Joseph, P.
name: Kumar, A.
name: Postma, J.
name: Stalin, C. S.
name: Subramaniam, A.
name: Tandon, S. N.
name: Barve, I. V.
name: Devaraj, A.
name: George, K.
name: Girish, V.
name: Hutchings, J. B.
name: Kamath, P. U.
name: Kathiravan, S.
name: Lancelot, J. P.
name: Leahy, D.
name: Mahesh, P. K.
name: Mohan, R.
name: Nagabhushana, S.
name: Pati, A. K.
name: Rao, N. Kameswara
name: Sankarasubramanian, K.
name: Sreekumar, P.
name: Sriram, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last 5 years, UVIT has completed observations of more than 500 proposals with ~ 800 unique pointings. In addition, regular planned monitoring observations have been made and from their analysis various key parameters related to in orbit performance of UVIT have been quantified. The sensitivities of the UV channels have remained steady indicating no effect of potential molecular contamination confirming the adequacy of all the protocols implemented for avoiding contamination. The quality of the PSF through the years confirms adequacy of thermal control measures. The early calibrations obtained during the Performance Verification (PV) phase have been further revised for more subtle effects. These include flat fields and detector distortions with greater precision. The operations of UVIT have also evolved through in orbit experience, e.g. tweaking of operational sequencing, protocol for recovery from bright object detection (BOD) shutdowns, parameters for BOD thresholds, etc. Finally, some effects of charged particle hits on electronics led to opimised strategy for regular resetting. The Near-UV channel was lost in one of such operations. All the above in-orbit experiences are presented here.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Astrophysics & Astronomy, 11 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
Effects of the antipsychotic paliperidone on stress-induced changes in the endocannabinoid system in rat prefrontal cortex
Creators: name: MacDowell, Karina S.
name: Sayd, Aline
name: García-Bueno, Borja
name: Caso, Javier R.
name: Madrigal, José L. M.
name: Leza, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objectives There is a need to explore novel mechanisms of action of existing/new antipsychotics. One potential candidate is the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The present study tried to elucidate the effects of the antipsychotic paliperidone on stress-induced ECS alterations. Methods Wister rats were submitted to acute/chronic restraint stress. Paliperidone (1 mg/kg) was given prior each stress session. Cannabinoid receptors and endocannabinoids (eCBs) synthesis and degradation enzymes were measured in prefrontal cortex (PFC) samples by RT-PCR and Western Blot. Results In the PFC of rats exposed to acute stress, paliperidone increased CB1 receptor (CB1R) expression. Furthermore, paliperidone increased the expression of the eCB synthesis enzymes N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine- hydrolysing phospholipase D and DAGLα, and blocked the stress-induced increased expression of the degrading enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase. In chronic conditions, paliperidone prevented the chronic stress-induced down-regulation of CB1R, normalised DAGLα expression and reverted stress-induced down-regulation of the 2-AG degrading enzyme monoacylglycerol lipase. ECS was analysed also in periphery. Acute stress decreased DAGLα expression, an effect prevented by paliperidone. Contrarily, chronic stress increased DAGLα and this effect was potentiated by paliperidone. Conclusions The results obtained described a preventive effect of paliperidone on stress-induced alterations in ECS. Considering the diverse alterations on ECS described in psychotic disease, targeting ECS emerges as a new therapeutic possibility.
Advances in guanidine ligand design: synthesis of a strongly electron-donating, imidazolin-2-iminato functionalized guanidinate and its properties on iron
Creators: name: Castillo, Maximiliano
name: Barreda, Omar
name: Arnab K. Maity
name: Barraza, Brian
name: Lu, Jeffrey
name: Metta-Magaña, Alejandro J.
name: Fortier, Skye
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Imidazolin-2-imines (ImRN-), derived from N-heterocyclic carbenes, have been shown to be strong electron donors when directly coordinated to metals or when used as a substituent in larger ligand frameworks. In an attempt to enhance the electron-donating properties of the guanidine ligand class, the effect of appending an ImRN- backbone onto a guanidinate scaffold was investigated. Addition of 1 equiv of [Li(Et2O)][ImtBuN] to the aryl carbodiimide (dippN)2C (dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) cleanly affords the lithium ImtBuN-functionalized guanidinate [Li(THF)2][(ImtBuN)C(Ndipp)2] (1). Subsequent metalation of the ligand with FeBr2 gives the yellow Fe(II) complex {[(ImtBuN)C(Ndipp)2]FeBr}2 (4) in good yield. Solid-state structural analyses of 1 and 4 show the ImtBuN- group acts as a non-coordinating backbone substituent. Direct structural comparison of 4 to the closely related guanidinate and ketimine-guanidinate complexes {[(X)C(Ndipp)2]FeBr}2 (X = tBu2C=N (5); N(iPr)2 (6)), differing only in their backbone, reveals a resonance contribution of the ImtBuN- group to the guanidinate ligand electronic structure. Moreover, the Fe(II)/Fe(III) redox couple of 4 (E1/2 = −0.67 V) is cathodically shifted by greater than 200 mV from the oxidation potentials of 5 (E1/2 = −0.42 V) and 6 (E1/2 = −0.45 V), demonstrating the [(ImtBuN)C(Ndipp)2]− system to be a quantifiably superior electron donor.
Ferulone A and ferulone B: two new coumarin esters from Ferula orientalis L. roots
Creators: name: Razavi, Seyed Mehdi
name: Lutfun Nahar
name: Talischi, Hamideh
name: Sarker, Satyajit Dey
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: Ferula orientalis (Apiaceae) is a well-known perennial herb growing wild in Iran used in traditional medicine. To perform phytochemical studies, dried ground roots of F. orientalis were sequentially Soxhlet-extracted using n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol. A combination of vacuum liquid chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatographic analyses were performed to isolate coumarin esters. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic means, and in vitro free-radical-scavenging property was determined by the DPPH assay. Two new coumarin esters, 7-O-(4,8,12,16-tetrahydroxy-4,8,12,16-tetramethyl-heptadecanoyl)-coumarinand 7-O-(4-hydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyl-trideca-7,11-dienoyl)-coumarin, named ferulone A and ferulone B, respectively, were isolated from the n-hexane extract of the roots of F. orientalis. Both compounds showed a low level of free-radical-scavenging property with the RC50 values of 0.252 and 0.556 mg/mL for compounds 1 and 2, respectively, as opposed to that of the positive control (quercetin) 0.004 mg/mL. This is the first report on the purification of coumarin esters from the genus Ferula.
Non-nociceptive pain in rheumatoid arthritis is frequent and affects disease activity estimation: cross-sectional data from the FRAME study
Creators: name: AW Christensen
name: S Rifbjerg-Madsen
name: R Christensen
name: L Dreyer
name: H Tillingsøe
name: S Seven
name: M Boesen
name: K Ellegaard
name: H Bliddal
name: B Danneskiold-Samsøe
name: K Amris
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: The painDETECT questionnaire (PDQ) is a mechanism-based pain classification tool assigning patients to one of three categories depending on the quality of the experienced pain. Patients with non-nociceptive pain score high on the PDQ. The objective was to assess the proportions of the three PDQ classification groups in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to explore differences in clinical characteristics. Method: RA patients initiating or escalating their RA therapy were included prospectively and underwent a thorough examination programme. Low (PDQ score < 13), medium (PDQ score 13–18), and high (PDQ score > 18) scores indicate nociceptive, unclear/possible neuropathic, or neuropathic pain mechanisms, respectively. Results: The 102 included patients were classified into the following PDQ classification groups: low = 65%, medium = 23%, and high = 12%. Patients in the medium and high PDQ groups scored worse on indicators of anxiety, depression, disability, mental health-related quality of life, pain, and fatigue. They also had more tender points and an RA disease activity score based on 28 joints (DAS28) where a higher fraction of the composite score pertained to non-inflammatory factors compared to patients in the low PDQ classification group. There were no differences in objective inflammatory indices across groups. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the tender joint count (TJC) and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF36) mental component summary (MCS) score were independently associated with the PDQ score. Conclusions: In patients initiating or intensifying medical treatment for their RA, non-nociceptive pain (PDQ score ≥ 13) is common. In these patients, the pain mechanisms result in increased disease activity scores on a non-inflammatory basis.
Corrections to {\it Uniformity of rational points} and further comments
Creators: name: Caporaso, Lucia
name: Harris, Joe
name: Mazur, Barry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper corrects an error in the authors' earlier work, by proving stronger forms of the basic lemmas
Solvent-dependent moulding of porphyrin-based nanostructures: solid state, solution and on surface self-assembly
Creators: name: Ðorđević, Luka
name: Demitri, Nicola
name: Bonifazi, Davide
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A novel porphyrin derivative 1∙Zn was synthesised in order to mimic the self-assembly properties of natural light-harvesting antennas and its self-assembly behaviour in solution and in solid state were studied by NMR and X-Ray spectroscopies. The self-assembly of this molecule was triggered in apolar solvents and studied in solution by UV-Vis spectroscopy, suggesting it is able to form slipped face-to-face aggregates, or J-aggregates. The nanoscopic and microscopic morphology of the aggregates was elucidated by atomic force microscopy, revealing the formation of extended two-dimensional structures.
Science with the $AstroSat$ Soft X-ray Telescope: an overview
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Sudip
name: Singh, Kulinder Pal
name: Stewart, Gordon
name: Chandra, Sunil
name: Dewangan, Gulab C.
name: Kamble, Nilima S.
name: Vishwakarma, Sandeep
name: Koyande, Jayprakash G.
name: Chitnis, Varsha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT) aboard the $AstroSat$ satellite is the first Indian X-ray telescope in space. It is a modest size X-ray telescope with a charge coupled device (CCD) camera in the focal plane, which provides X-ray images in the $\sim 0.3-8.0$ keV band. A forte of SXT is in providing undistorted spectra of relatively bright X-ray sources, in which it excels some current large CCD-based X-ray telescopes. Here, we highlight some of the published spectral and timing results obtained using the SXT data to demonstrate the capabilities and overall performance of this telescope.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in The Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy
The Timing of Phones and Transitions: Toward a Nucleus-Based Model of English Duration
Creators: name: Hertz, Susan R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1992

description: This paper presents a brief overview of a new duration model for General American English, which I am currently developing in connection with work being done at both Cornell University and Eloquent Technology, Inc. in speech synthesis by rule. In addition to pursuing the standard goals of synthesis rule development, such as high intelligibility and naturalness, we strive in this work to develop a linguistically realistic system with which we can gain insights into the timing structure of English and other
 languages.
 The paper expands upon Hertz (1991), which describes and motivates a model of speech timing called the phone-anti-transition model. While the phone-and-transition model provides an appropriate framework for synthesis of any language or dialect (see Hertz, 1990a), this paper will focus on its application to General American English (henceforth "GA"). presenting the basic rule algorithm for determining the internal timing structure of stressed syllable nuclei in GA. The first section gives a brief outline of the phone-and-transition model. The second section describes the methodology being used to develop the duration model for GA. The third section discusses the duration model, focussing on the rules that compute the durations of the sub-units of stressed syllable nuclei. A final section provides some concluding remarks.
description: This paper is copyrighted, and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) - see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Coherence-Based Prediction of Galaxy Phase Alignment and Spin Bias through Coherence Based Large Scale Eigenmodes
Creators: name: Thavarajah, Rogan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This work presents a first-principles theoretical and mathematical framework that derives galaxy phase alignment and spin bias as emergent phenomena from recursive symmetry breaking within a coherence field model. It introduces coherence eigenmodes that seed macroscopic phase correlations and directional spin asymmetries. Explicit predictions—such as the clockwise vs. counterclockwise galaxy spin excess, spin alignment correlation functions, redshift-dependent coherence decay, and large-scale filament formation—are derived and shown to be in agreement with data from JWST, COSMOS, Horizon-AGN, and CMB anomalies. Supplementary derivations provide detailed analytic support for each prediction, grounded in the spinor field dynamics of the model.

Contact darkcoherence@gmail.com to colloborate and see the full model
Managing Costs to Meet Stormwater Permit Requirements
Creators: name: Mackie, Evan
name: Tzanetos, Joe
name: Bradlee, Noah
name: Branch, Jeremy
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2025

description: The pollution of stormwater can lead to many issues. Many chemicals are collected by stormwater as it flows to the stormwater systems. This can lead to a wide variety of environmental issues. In order to combat these problems, the EPA implemented new stormwater regulations in 2018 and requires a permit to operate stormwater infrastructure. While these regulations help improve water quality, many towns have struggled to meet the permit demands due to high costs. We will examine the permit and through the analysis of surveys, interviews, and research look for areas where it may be possible to reduce the costs.
Cancer Cells Also Prefer Group Action.doc
Creators: name: Roberts, Hannah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 60101 Analytical Biochemistry
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Alfa Chemistry offers an extensive catalog of building blocks, reagents, catalysts, reference materials, and research chemicals in a wide range of applications ( http://www.alfa-chemistry.com/services/discovery-services.html ). Visit http://www.alfa-chemistry.com/ to know more.
Source: http://www.wikigenes.org/e/pub/e/783.html
Parallel Newton-Krylov-BDDC and FETI-DP deluxe solvers for implicit time discretizations of the cardiac Bidomain equations
Creators: name: Huynh, Ngoc Mai Monica
name: Pavarino, Luca Franco
name: Scacchi, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N55, 65M55, 65F10, 92C30

description: Two novel parallel Newton-Krylov Balancing Domain Decomposition by Constraints (BDDC) and Dual-Primal Finite Element Tearing and Interconnecting (FETI-DP) solvers are here constructed, analyzed and tested numerically for implicit time discretizations of the three-dimensional Bidomain system of equations. This model represents the most advanced mathematical description of the cardiac bioelectrical activity and it consists of a degenerate system of two non-linear reaction-diffusion partial differential equations (PDEs), coupled with a stiff system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). A finite element discretization in space and a segregated implicit discretization in time, based on decoupling the PDEs from the ODEs, yields at each time step the solution of a non-linear algebraic system. The Jacobian linear system at each Newton iteration is solved by a Krylov method, accelerated by BDDC or FETI-DP preconditioners, both augmented with the recently introduced {\em deluxe} scaling of the dual variables. A polylogarithmic convergence rate bound is proven for the resulting parallel Bidomain solvers. Extensive numerical experiments on linux clusters up to two thousands processors confirm the theoretical estimates, showing that the proposed parallel solvers are scalable and quasi-optimal.
Basic Knowledge of Chemistry.doc
Creators: name: Roberts, Hannah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 60101 Analytical Biochemistry
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: About AuthorAlfa Chemistry offers an extensive catalog of building blocks, reagents, catalysts, reference materials, and research chemicals in a wide range of applications. It also provides analytical services and laboratory services to our customers. Visit http://www.alfa-chemistry.com/services/medicinal-chemistry.html to know more detailed information. Source:http://www.wikigenes.org/e/pub/e/782.html
Computing One-bit Compressive Sensing via Double-Sparsity Constrained Optimization
Creators: name: Zhou, Shenglong
name: Luo, Ziyan
name: Xiu, Naihua
name: Li, Geoffrey Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: One-bit compressive sensing gains its popularity in signal processing and communications due to its low storage costs and low hardware complexity. However, it has been a challenging task to recover the signal only by exploiting the one-bit (the sign) information. In this paper, we appropriately formulate the one-bit compressive sensing into a double-sparsity constrained optimization problem. The first-order optimality conditions for this nonconvex and discontinuous problem are established via the newly introduced $τ$-stationarity, based on which, a gradient projection subspace pursuit (\texttt{GPSP}) algorithm is developed. It is proven that \texttt{GPSP} can converge globally and terminate within finite steps. Numerical experiments have demonstrated its excellent performance in terms of a high order of accuracy with a fast computational speed.
Bias in error-corrected quantum sensing
Creators: name: Rojkov, Ivan
name: Layden, David
name: Cappellaro, Paola
name: Home, Jonathan
name: Reiter, Florentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sensitivity afforded by quantum sensors is limited by decoherence. Quantum error correction (QEC) can enhance sensitivity by suppressing decoherence, but it has a side-effect: it biases a sensor's output in realistic settings. If unaccounted for, this bias can systematically reduce a sensor's performance in experiment, and also give misleading values for the minimum detectable signal in theory. We analyze this effect in the experimentally-motivated setting of continuous-time QEC, showing both how one can remedy it, and how incorrect results can arise when one does not.
description: 6 + 13 pages, 2 + 8 figures. Comments welcome
Hamiltonian structures for integrable nonabelian difference equations
Creators: name: Casati, Matteo
name: Wang, Jing Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37K06(primary), 37K25, 37K30

description: In this paper we extensively study the notion of Hamiltonian structure for nonabelian differential-difference systems, exploring the link between the different algebraic (in terms of double Poisson algebras and vertex algebras) and geometric (in terms of nonabelian Poisson bivectors) definitions. We introduce multiplicative double Poisson vertex algebras (PVAs) as the suitable noncommutative counterpart to multiplicative PVAs, used to describe Hamiltonian differential-difference equations in the commutative setting, and prove that these algebras are in one-to-one correspondence with the Poisson structures defined by difference operators, providing a sufficient condition for the fulfilment of the Jacobi identity. Moreover, we define nonabelian polyvector fields and their Schouten brackets, for both finitely generated noncommutative algebras and infinitely generated difference ones: this allows us to provide a unified characterisation of Poisson bivectors and double quasi-Poisson algebra structures. Finally, as an application we obtain some results towards the classification of local scalar Hamiltonian difference structures and construct the Hamiltonian structures for the nonabelian Kaup, Ablowitz-Ladik and Chen-Lee-Liu integrable lattices.
description: 66 pages - final version
Lie brackets on Hopf algebra cohomology
Creators: name: Karadağ, Tekin
name: Witherspoon, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: By work of Farinati, Solberg, and Taillefer, it is known that the Hopf algebra cohomology of a quasi-triangular Hopf algebra, as a graded Lie algebra under the Gerstenhaber bracket, is abelian. Motivated by the question of whether this holds for nonquasi-triangular Hopf algebras, we show that Gerstenhaber brackets on Hopf algebra cohomology can be expressed via an arbitrary projective resolution using Volkov's homotopy liftings as generalized to some exact monoidal categories. This is a special case of our more general result that a bracket operation on cohomology is preserved under exact monoidal functors - one such functor is an embedding of Hopf algebra cohomology into Hochschild cohomology. As a consequence, we show that this Lie structure on Hopf algebra cohomology is abelian in positive degrees for all quantum elementary abelian groups, most of which are nonquasi-triangular.
description: 10 pages
No Scalar-Haired Cauchy Horizon Theorem in Einstein-Maxwell-Horndeski Theories
Creators: name: Devecioglu, Deniz O.
name: Park, Mu-In
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a no inner (Cauchy) horizon theorem for static black holes with non-trivial scalar hairs has been proved in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theories. In this paper, we extend the theorem to the static black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-Horndeski theories. We study the black hole interior geometry for some exact solutions and find that the spacetime has a (space-like) curvature singularity where the black hole mass gets an extremum and the Hawking temperature vanishes. We discuss further extensions of the theorem, including general Horndeski theories from disformal transformations.
description: More readable plots, Clarifications on Einstein coupling gamma, Added appendix on regularity condition at the horizons, Added footnote and reference, Typos corrected, 15 pages, 2 figures, Accepted in PLB
The primary proton spectrum of the hadronic PeVatron candidate HAWC J1825-134
Creators: name: Dzhatdoev, Timur
name: Podlesnyi, Egor
name: Vaiman, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $γ$-ray spectrum of the source HAWC J1825-134 measured with the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory extends beyond 200 TeV without any evidence for a steepening or cutoff. There are some indications that the $γ$-rays detected with HAWC were produced by cosmic ray protons or nuclei colliding with the ambient gas. Assuming primary protons, we inquire which shape of the primary proton spectrum is compatible with the HAWC measurements. We find that the primary proton spectrum with the power-law shape of $γ_{p}$=2.2 and the cutoff energy $E_{c-p} > 500$ TeV describes the data well. However, much harder spectra with $γ_{p}$ down to 1.3 and $E_{c-p}$ as low as 200 TeV also do not contradict the HAWC measurements. The former option might be realized if the accelerator is inside or very near to the $γ$-ray production zone. The latter option is viable for the case of a cosmic ray source which effectively confines low-energy ($E_{p} < 10$ TeV) accelerated protons. Using publicly-available data of the Fermi-LAT space $γ$-ray telescope, we derive upper limits on the intensity of the HAWC J1825-134 source in the 1 GeV -- 1 TeV energy range. We show that the account of these upper limits drastically changes the interpretation: only hard ($γ_{p} < 1.7$) spectra describe the combined HAWC and Fermi-LAT datasets well.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Moderate changes w.r.t. v.2
Magneto-acoustic oscillations observed in a solar plage region
Creators: name: Ji, Haisheng
name: Hashim, Parida
name: Hong, Zhenxiang
name: Xu, Zhe
name: Shen, Jinhua
name: Ji, Kaifan
name: Cao, Wenda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We gave an extensive study for the quasi-periodic perturbations on the time profiles of the line of sight (LOS) magnetic field in 10x10 sub-areas in a solar plage region (corresponds to a facula on the photosphere). The perturbations are found to be associated with enhancement of He I 10830 A absorption in a moss region, which is connected to loops with million-degree plasma. FFT analysis to the perturbations gives a kind of spectrum similar to that of Doppler velocity: a number of discrete periods around 5 minutes. The amplitudes of the magnetic perturbations are found to be proportional to magnetic field strength over these sub-areas. In addition, magnetic perturbations lag behind a quarter of cycle in phase with respect to the p-mode Doppler velocity. We show that the relationships can be well explained with an MHD solution for the magneto-acoustic oscillations in high-\b{eta} plasma. Observational analysis also shows that, for the two regions with the stronger and weaker magnetic field, the perturbations are always anti-phased. All findings show that the magnetic perturbations are actually magneto-acoustic oscillations on the solar surface, the photosphere, powered by p-mode oscillations. The findings may provide a new diagnostic tool for exploring the relationship between magneto-acoustic oscillations and the heating of solar upper atmosphere, as well as their role in helioseismology.
The simplicity of the C*-algebras associated to arbitrary labeled spaces
Creators: name: Kang, EunJi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we consider the simplicity of the C*-algebra associated to an arbitrary weakly left-resolving labeled space (E, L, E), where E is the smallest non-degenerate accommodating set. We classify all gauge-invariant ideals of C*(E, L, E) and characterize minimality of (E, L, E) in terms of ideal structure of C*(E, L, E). Using these results, we prove simplicity results for C*-algebras associated to arbitrary labeled spaces.
Stochastic solutions of generalized time-fractional evolution equations
Creators: name: Bender, Christian
name: Butko, Yana A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a general class of integro-differential evolution equations which includes the governing equation of the generalized grey Brownian motion and the time- and space-fractional heat equation. We present a general relation between the parameters of the equation and the distribution of the underlying stochastic processes, as well as discuss different classes of processes providing stochastic solutions of these equations. For a subclass of evolution equations, containing Saigo-Maeda generalized time-fractional operators, we determine the parameters of the corresponding processes explicitly. Moreover, we explain how self-similar stochastic solutions with stationary increments can be obtained via linear fractional Lévy motion for suitable pseudo-differential operators in space.
Unification of massless field equations solutions for any spin
Creators: name: Hojman, Sergio A.
name: Asenjo, Felipe A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unification of Klein--Gordon, Dirac, Maxwell, Rarita--Schwinger and Einstein equations exact solutions (for the massless fields cases) is presented. The method is based on writing all of the relevant dynamical fields in terms of products and derivatives of pre--potential functions, which satisfy d'Alambert equation. The coupled equations satisfied by the pre--potentials are non-linear. Remarkably, there are particular solutions of (gradient) orthogonal pre--potentials that satisfy the usual wave equation which may be used to construct {\it{exact non--trivial solutions to Klein--Gordon, Dirac, Maxwell, Rarita--Schwinger and (linearized and full) Einstein equations}}, thus giving rise to a unification of the solutions of all massless field equations for any spin. Some solutions written in terms of orthogonal pre--potentials are presented. Relations of this method to previously developed ones, as well as to other subjects in physics are pointed out.
The ${\rm SL}(2,\mathbb{C})$-character variety of a Montesinos knot
Creators: name: Chen, Haimiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K10, 57K31

description: For each Montesinos knot $K$, we propose an efficient method to explicitly determine the irreducible ${\rm SL}(2,\mathbb{C})$-character variety, and show that it can be decomposed as $\mathcal{X}_0(K)\sqcup\mathcal{X}_1(K)\sqcup\mathcal{X}_2(K)\sqcup\mathcal{X}'(K)$, where $\mathcal{X}_0(K)$ consists of trace-free characters, $\mathcal{X}_1(K)$ consists of characters of "unions" of representations of rational knots (or rational link, which appears at most once), $\mathcal{X}_2(K)$ is an algebraic curve, and $\mathcal{X}'(K)$ consists of finitely many points when $K$ satisfies a generic condition.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures; final version