cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adherence to adjuvant hormonal therapy and associated factors among women with breast cancer attending at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia, 2019.
Creators: name: Wako, Zerko
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: Background: Breast cancer is one of leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia. Adjuvant hormonal therapy (AHT) is one of the treatment modality given for a patient with breast cancer with estrogen receptor positive after primary treatment for 5-10 years. Nonadherence to adjuvant hormone therapy in breast cancer survivors is common and associated with increased risk of recurrence of cancer, invade the other breast, and consequently increase morbidity and mortality. Objective: To assess level of adherence to adjuvant hormonal therapy and associated factors among women with breast cancer who attends oncology outpatient at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Method: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted. Convenience sampling technique was used to select 216 participants. A semi-structured questionnaire was used after some modifications and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Data were entered in EpiData version 4.4.2.1 and exported to SPSS version 24, and analyzed using ordinal logistic regression with OR and 95%CI. Result: Out of 216, 209 women with breast cancer participated in the study with response rate of 97%. The level of adherence was 41%, 33%, and 26% for low, medium and high adherence respectively. Age group <45 is likely to be high adherence compared to >65 with (OR= 2.6, CI (3.8-7.6) p-value 0.001); being from urban (OR= 1.5, CI (1.1-2.8, p-value 0.001); being on tamoxifen (OR= 1.6, CI (0.4-2.2), p-value 0.005); having side effect (OR= 1.5, CI (0.4-1.9), pvalue 0.004); comorbidity (OR= 1.6, CI (1.5-3.4, p-value 0.001) and Getting a thorough therapeutic communication (OR= 1.7, CI (1.2-3.2), p-value 0.001) were found to be significantly associated with adherence to AHT. Conclusions and recommendations: In summary, the high adherence level to AHT among women with breast cancer was 26% in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Age, place of residence, types of AHT, side effect, comorbidity, therapeutic communication from health care providers were significantly associated with adherence. Healthcare provider should give health education concerning medication usage, management of side effects and should also give due attention to rural patient.
The Final Model Building for the Supersymmetric Pati-Salam Models from Intersecting D6-Branes
Creators: name: He, Weikun
name: Li, Tianjun
name: Sun, Rui
name: Wu, Lina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All the possible three-family ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric Pati-Salam models constructed with intersecting D6-branes from Type IIA orientifolds on $T^6/(\mathbb{Z}_2\times \mathbb{Z}_2)$ are recently presented in arXiv: 2112.09632. Taking models with largest wrapping number $5$ and approximate gauge coupling unification at GUT scale as examples, we show string scale gauge coupling unification can be realized through two-loop renormalization group equation running by introducing seven pairs of vector-like particles from ${\cal N}=2$ sector. The number of these introduced vector-like particles are fully determined by the brane intersection numbers while there are two D6-brane parallel to each other along one two-torus. We expect this will solve the gauge coupling unification problem in the generic intersecting brane worlds by introducing vector-like particles that naturally included in the ${\cal N}=2$ sector.
description: 3 figures
Hyperplanes in abelian groups and twisted signatures
Creators: name: Eismeier, Mike Miller
name: Sagerman, Aiden
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K40, 20K01

description: We investigate the following question: if $A$ and $A'$ are products of finite cyclic groups, when does there exist an isomorphism $f: A \to A'$ which preserves the union of coordinate hyperplanes (equivalently, so that $f(x)$ has some coordinate zero if and only if $x$ has some coordinate zero)? We show that if such an isomorphism exists, then $A$ and $A'$ have the same cyclic factors; if all cyclic factors have order larger than $2$, the map $f$ is diagonal up to permutation, hence sends coordinate hyperplanes to coordinate hyperplanes. Thus one can recover the coordinate hyperplanes from knowledge of their union. This result is well-adapted for application to invariants with a certain multiplicativity property. As a model application, we show using twisted signatures that there exists a family of compact 4-manifolds $X(n)$ with $H_1 X(n) = \mathbb Z/n$ with the property that $\prod X(n_i) \cong \prod X(n'_j)$ if and only if the factors may be identified (up to permutation), and that the induced map on first homology is (up to permutation) represented by a diagonal matrix.
description: Accepted version, to appear in Topology & its Applications
Multi-qudit interactions in molecular spins
Creators: name: Gómez-León, Álvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study photon-mediated interactions between molecular spin qudits in the dispersive regime of operation. We derive from a microscopic model the effective interaction between molecular spins, including their crystal field anisotropy (i.e., the presence of non-linear spin terms) and their multi-level structure. Finally, we calculate the long time dynamics for a pair of interacting molecular spins using the method of multiple scales analysis. This allows to find the set of 2-qudit gates that can be realized for a specific choice of molecular spins and to determine the time required for their implementation. Our results are relevant for the implementation of logical gates in general systems of qudits with unequally spaced levels or to determine an adequate computational subspace to encode and process the information.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures and Appendix. To be published in PRA
Studieninteresse - welche Unterschiede bestehen zwischen traditionell und nicht traditionell Studierenden?
Creators: name: Jürgens, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2014

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, ob es im Zusammenhang mit dem Studieninteresse Unterschiede zwischen Studierenden mit schulischer Hochschulzugangsberechtigung (HZB) und beruflichen Qualifizierten gibt. Nach der Einordnung der Themenrelevanz für Deutschland wird zunächst der Forschungsstand zur Studienerfolgsprognose zusammengefasst und dann über Erkenntnisse zum Studienerfolg bei nicht traditionell Studierenden, insbesondere über Studierende ohne schulische HZB berichtet. Im Hauptteil des vorliegenden Beitrages wird eine eigene Erhebung vorgestellt, die zuerst die allgemeine Studienmotivation, Erwartungen und Bedenken der beruflich Qualifizierten aufzeigt und dann im Vergleichsgruppendesign das Studieninteresse untersucht. Abschließend werden die Ergebnisse der Studie diskutiert und offene Forschungsfragen gestellt.
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 2 Nr. 1 (2014): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Phase Aberration Correction for in vivo Ultrasound Localization Microscopy Using a Spatiotemporal Complex-Valued Neural Network
Creators: name: Xing, Paul
name: Porée, Jonathan
name: Rauby, Brice
name: Malescot, Antoine
name: Martineau, Éric
name: Perrot, Vincent
name: Rungta, Ravi L.
name: Provost, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Ultrasound Localization Microscopy (ULM) can map microvessels at a resolution of a few micrometers (μm). Transcranial ULM remains challenging in presence of aberrations caused by the skull, which lead to localization errors. Herein, we propose a deep learning approach based on complex-valued convolutional neural networks (CV-CNNs) to retrieve the aberration function, which can then be used to form enhanced images using standard delay-and-sum beamforming. CV-CNNs were selected as they can apply time delays through multiplication with in-phase quadrature input data. Predicting the aberration function rather than corrected images also confers enhanced explainability to the network. In addition, 3D spatiotemporal convolutions were used for the network to leverage entire microbubble tracks. For training and validation, we used an anatomically and hemodynamically realistic mouse brain microvascular network model to simulate the flow of microbubbles in presence of aberration. The proposed CV-CNN performance was compared to the coherence-based method by using microbubble tracks. We then confirmed the capability of the proposed network to generalize to transcranial \textit{in vivo} data in the mouse brain (n=3). Vascular reconstructions using a locally predicted aberration function included additional and sharper vessels. The CV-CNN was more robust than the coherence-based method and could perform aberration correction in a 6-month-old mouse. After correction, we measured a resolution of 15.6 μm for younger mice, representing an improvement of 25.8 $\%$, while the resolution was improved by 13.9 $\%$ for the 6-month-old mouse. This work leads to different applications for complex-valued convolutions in biomedical imaging and strategies to perform transcranial ULM.
A Novel Algorithm to Solve for an Underwater Line Source Sound Field Based on Coupled Modes and a Spectral Method
Creators: name: Tu, Houwang
name: Wang, Yongxian
name: Yang, Chunmei
name: Wang, Xiaodong
name: Ma, Shuqing
name: Xiao, Wenbin
name: Liu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A high-precision numerical sound field is the basis of underwater target detection, positioning and communication. A line source in a plane is a common type of sound source in computational ocean acoustics. The exciting waveguide in a range-dependent ocean environment is often structurally complicated; however, traditional algorithms often assume that the waveguide has a simple seabed boundary and that the line source is located at a horizontal range of 0 m, although this ideal situation is rarely encountered in the actual ocean. In this paper, a novel algorithm is designed that can solve for the sound field excited by a line source at any position in a range-dependent ocean environment. The proposed algorithm uses the classic stepwise approximation approach to address the range dependence of the environment and uses the Chebyshev--Tau spectral method to solve for the horizontal wavenumbers and modes of approximately range-independent segments. Once the modal information of these flat segments has been obtained, a global matrix is constructed to solve for the coupling coefficients of all segments, and finally, the complete sound field is synthesized. Numerical experiments using a robust numerical program developed based on this algorithm verify the correctness and usability of our novel algorithm and software. Furthermore, a detailed analysis and test of the computational cost of this algorithm show that it is efficient.
description: 34 pages, 18 figures
A practical application of Physics Education Research-informed teaching interventions in a first-year physics service course
Creators: name: Ahrensmeier, Daria
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2013

description: First-year physics service courses across North America typically face similar problems, such as the lack of math preparation of the incoming students, or the perception by the students that the course content is irrelevant for their future studies. It should be described how to apply changes informed by Physics Education Research, in particular the labatorial model, to such a course on a short time scale and under tight practical constraints. Examples for student activities are given, and the observations, challenges, and anticipated long-term benefits for the students as well as the department are pointed out. Keywords: Physics Education Research, First year service course, Labatorials
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2013): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Non-diffusive Lattice Thermal Transport in Si-Ge Alloy Nanowires
Creators: name: Upadhyaya, M.
name: Aksamija, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the lattice thermal conductivity of Si-Ge nanowires (NWs), based on solving the Boltzmann transport equation by the Monte Carlo method of sampling the phonon mean free paths. We augment the previous work with the full phonon dispersion and a partially diffuse momentum-dependent specularity model for boundary roughness scattering. We find that phonon flights are comprised of a mix of long free-flights over several μm interrupted by bursts of short flights, resulting in a heavy tailed distribution of flight lengths, typically encountered in Lévy walk dynamics. Consequently, phonon transport in Si-Ge NWs is neither entirely ballistic nor diffusive; instead, it falls into an intermediate regime called superdiffusion where thermal conductivity scales with the length of the NW as $κ\propto L^α$ with the exponent of length dependence $α\approx 0.33$ over a broad range of wire lengths 10 nm$
Theoretische Konzeption einer allgemeinen technischen Problemlösefähigkeit und Möglichkeiten ihrer Diagnose
Creators: name: Stemmann, Jennifer
name: Lang, Martin
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2014

description: Dem Technikunterricht wird die Aufgabe zugesprochen, allgemeine technische Problemlösekompetenzen zu fördern. Eine der Förderung zugrundeliegende empirische Forschung ist desiderabel, jedoch in der allgemeinbildenden Technikdidaktik kaum existent. Dieser Beitrag strukturiert zunächst Problemlösekompetenz nach Problemtypen, deren Gemeinsamkeit in einer dynamischen Problemsituation besteht. Anschließend wird, basierend auf einer theoretischen Konzeption allgemeiner technischer Problemlösekompetenz, ein Instrument vorgestellt, das die Konstruktion dynamischer Items zur computerbasierten Erfassung technischer Problemlösekompetenz ermöglicht, ohne auf die Expertise externer Computerspezialisten zurückgreifen zu müssen.
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 2 Nr. 1 (2014): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Modelling a second-order process with dead time from the response to a step input
Creators: name: Edwards, Robert John Albert.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Environment Dependent Electron Mass and the H$_0$-Tension
Creators: name: Solomon, Rance
name: Agarwal, Garvita
name: Stojkovic, Dejan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A difference in the electron mass at recombination from the measured value today has been shown to relieve the Hubble tension. In this article we propose a simple mechanism that would allow for such a mass difference. Similar in form to the Higgs field, we consider a Yukawa coupling between the symmetron scalar field and the electron. However, the symmetron vacuum expectation value depends on the matter density of its environment which, in principle, would allow its contribution towards the electron mass to differ between recombination and today. We detail the coupling and discuss possible observables.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Survival Status and Associated Factors of Death Among Cervical Cancer Patients Attending at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Creators: name: Wassie, Mulugeta
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: Background: Cervical cancer is a cancer of uterine cervix caused by mostly sexually-acquired infection called Human papillomavirus (HPV). Death of cervical cancer varied 18-fold between different regions of the world. In developing countries, less than 50% of women with cervical cancer survive longer than 5 years. Thirty-five point nine new cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed and 22.6 die per 100,000 women annually in Ethiopia. Objective: The objective of this study was to asses survival status and associated factors of death among cervical cancer patients attending at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia,2019. Methods and materials: Institutional based retrospective cohort study was conducted from March to April 2019 at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital oncology department (TASH). Data was collected from patient's chart using pre-tested and structured checklist prepared in English. Differences in survival among different variables was compared using the log-rank test. Variables with pvalue <0.05 in multivariate analysis were considered as significantly associated to survival time. Result: The overall survival rate was 38.62% at five years. It is found that there were a significance differences in survival experience between categories of stage of cervical cancer, age of patients, comorbidity, substance use, base line anemia and treatment modalities. Being stage IV [AHR = 11.76; 95% CI (4.02-34.4)] ,being advanced age [AHR = 5.99; 95% CI (2.117.08)], being comorbid[AHR=1.58; 95%CI(1.14-2.19)], using substance[AHR=1.56;95% CI(1.09-2.22)] and being anemic [AHR=1.6;95% CI(1.11-2.36)] increased the risk of death. Conclusion: The five-year overall probability of survival rate among cervical cancer patient was 38.62.%, which is lower when compared with those of high- and middle-income countries. Significant factors of death after diagnosis of cervical cancer were; advanced FIGO stage, base line anemia, comorbidity, substance use, advanced age and treatment modality. Recommendations: Better to expand cervical cancer early screening programs and treatment facilities, give priority for comorbid and anemic patients, strengthen awareness in collaboration with public medias about cervical cancer prevention, screening and treatment options.
Boron based new high entropy alloy superconductor Mo0.11W0.11V0.11Re0.34B0.33
Creators: name: Motla, Kapil
name: Arushi
name: Meena, Pavan K.
name: Singh, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting high entropy alloys (HEAs) are new members of disordered superconductors. We report the synthesis and investigation of a new superconducting high entropy alloy Mo$_{0.11}$W$_{0.11}$V$_{0.11}$Re$_{0.34}$B$_{0.33}$ (MWVRB). It crystallized in the tetragonal CuAl$_2$ crystal structure with space group (I4/$mcm$). Comprehensive transport, magnetization and heat capacity measurements confirmed bulk type-II superconductivity having transition temperature T$_{C}$ = 4.0 K. The low temperature electronic specific heat suggests a fully gapped superconducting state in weak coupling limit.
description: 7 pages, 5figures
MONDian dynamical modeling of NGC 288 with $β\neq 0$
Creators: name: Hernandez, X.
name: Cortes, R. A. M.
name: Scarpa, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 288 is a diffuse Galactic globular cluster, it is remarkable in that its low density results in internal accelerations being below the critical MOND $a_{0}$ acceleration throughout. This makes it an ideal testing ground for MONDian gravity, as the details of the largely unknown transition function between the Newtonian and modified regimes become unimportant. Further, exact analytical solutions exist for isothermal spherical equilibrium structures in MOND, allowing for arbitrary values of the anisotropy parameter, $β$. In this paper we use observations of the velocity dispersion profile of NGC 288, which is in fact isothermal, as dynamical constraints on MONDian models for this cluster, where the remaining free parameters are adjusted to fit the observed surface brightness profile. We find the optimal fit requires $β=0$, an isotropic solution with a total mass of $3.5 \pm 1.1 \times 10^{4} M_{\odot}$.
description: 7 Pages, 7 Figures, Accepted for Publication in MNRAS
Mechanisms of radiation-induced structural transformations in deposited gold clusters
Creators: name: Verkhovtsev, Alexey V.
name: Erofeev, Yury
name: Solov'yov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physical mechanisms of structural transformations in deposited metallic clusters exposed to an electron beam of a transmission electron microscope (TEM) are studied theoretically and computationally. Recent TEM experiments with size-selected Au$_{923}$ clusters softly deposited on a carbon substrate showed that the clusters undergo structural transformations from icosahedron to decahedron and face-center cubic (fcc) structures upon exposure to a 200-keV electron beam. In this paper, we demonstrate that the relaxation of collective electronic (plasmon) excitations formed in deposited metal clusters can induce the experimentally observed structural transformations. Such excitations in the clusters are formed mainly due to the interaction with low-energy secondary electrons emitted from a substrate. The characteristic occurrence times for plasmon-induced energy relaxation events are several orders of magnitude shorter than those for the momentum transfer events by energetic primary electrons to atoms of the cluster. The theoretical analysis is complemented by molecular dynamics simulations, which show that an icosahedral Au$_{923}$ cluster softly deposited on graphite is transformed into an fcc-like structure due to the vibrational excitation of the cluster.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Trusted Media Challenge Dataset and User Study
Creators: name: Chen, Weiling
name: Chua, Sheng Lun Benjamin
name: Winkler, Stefan
name: Ng, See-Kiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The development of powerful deep learning technologies has brought about some negative effects to both society and individuals. One such issue is the emergence of fake media. To tackle the issue, we have organized the Trusted Media Challenge (TMC) to explore how Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies could be leveraged to combat fake media. To enable further research, we are releasing the dataset that we had prepared from the TMC challenge, consisting of 4,380 fake and 2,563 real videos, with various video and/or audio manipulation methods employed to produce different types of fake media. All the videos in the TMC dataset are accompanied with audios and have a minimum resolution of 360p. The videos have various durations, background, illumination, and may contain perturbations that mimic transmission errors and compression. We have also carried out a user study to demonstrate the quality of the TMC dataset and to compare the performance of humans and AI models. The results showed that the TMC dataset can fool human participants in many cases, and the winning AI models of the Trusted Media Challenge outperformed humans. The TMC dataset is available for research purpose upon request via tmc-dataset@aisingapore.org.
Making the Tacit Explicit: Self-study and the Spectre of Technology Education
Creators: name: Bullock, Shawn
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2013

description: This paper explores the challenges associated with helping future science teachers to develop professional knowledge of how to teach using digital technologies. First some of the salient literature on science teachers’ professional knowledge is reviewed. Extending the dominant concept of PCK to the realm of knowledge about technology is argued to be inherently problematic. Then a theoretical framework, grounded in professional competencies, is presented that seems to be a more useful way to think about how future science teachers learn to teach using technology. Self-study methodologies are then offered as a way for documenting and analyzing one’s own practice, before making a final case for more research that explicitly explores connections between frameworks from research in educational technology and the self-study of teacher education practices. Keywords: professional knowledge of science teachers, self-study methodology, competency model, technology and teacher education
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2013): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Time-reversal symmetry breaking in frustrated superconductor Re$_2$Hf
Creators: name: Manda, Manasi
name: Kataria, Anshu
name: Patra, Chandan
name: Singh, D.
name: Biswas, P. K.
name: Hillier, A. D.
name: Das, Tanmoy
name: Singh, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometrical frustration leads to novel quantum phenomena such as the spin-liquid phase in triangular and Kagomé lattices. Intra-band and inter-band Fermi surface (FS) nesting can drive unique superconducting (SC) ground states with $d$-wave and $s^{\pm}$ pairing symmetries, respectively, according to the criterion that the SC gap changes sign across the nesting wavevector. For an odd number of FSs, when multiple inter-band nesting is of comparable strength, the sign-reversal criterion between different FS sheets can leads to frustration, which promotes novel SC order parameters. Here we report the experimental observation of a time-reversal symmetry breaking pairing state in Re$_2$Hf resulting from FS nesting frustration. Furthermore, our electronic specific heat and transverse-field $μ$SR experiments suggest a fully gaped pairing symmetry. The first-principle electronic structure calculation reveals multiple Fermi surface sheets with comparable inter-band nesting strength. Implementing the {\it ab-initio} band structure, we compute spin-fluctuation mediated SC pairing symmetry which reveals a $s+is'$-pairing state - consistent with experimental observations. Our investigation demonstrates a novel SC state which provides a putative setting for both applied and fundamental study.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Quantifying Quantum Causal Influences
Creators: name: Hutter, Lucas
name: Chaves, Rafael
name: Nery, Ranieri
name: Moreno, George
name: Brod, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Causal influences are at the core of any empirical science, the reason why its quantification is of paramount relevance for the mathematical theory of causality and applications. Quantum correlations, however, challenge our notion of cause and effect, implying that tools and concepts developed over the years having in mind a classical world, have to be reevaluated in the presence of quantum effects. Here, we propose the quantum version of the most common causality quantifier, the average causal effect (ACE), measuring how much a target quantum system is changed by interventions on its presumed cause. Not only it offers an innate manner to quantify causation in two-qubit gates but also in alternative quantum computation models such as the measurement-based version, suggesting that causality can be used as a proxy for optimizing quantum algorithms. Considering quantum teleportation, we show that any pure entangled state offers an advantage in terms of causal effects as compared to separable states. This broadness of different uses showcases that, just as in the classical case, the quantification of causal influence has foundational and applied consequences and can lead to a yet totally unexplored tool for quantum information science.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures. Comments welcome!
Effect of Weak Disorder on the BCS-BEC crossover in a two-dimensional Fermi Gas
Creators: name: Khan, Ayan
name: Tanatar, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we study the two-dimensional (2D) ultracold Fermi gas with weak impurity in the framework of mean-field theory where the impurity is introduced through Gaussian fluctuations. We have investigated the role of the impurity by studying the experimentally accessible quantities such as condensate fraction and equation of state of the ultracold systems. Our analysis reveals that, at the crossover the disorder enhances superfluidity, which we attribute to the unique nature of the unitary region and to the dimensional effect.
description: To appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. B
The Economy Wide Impact of the Devaluation of Ethiopian Currency: A Recursive Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium Approach
Creators: name: Aklilu, Abebe
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: In recent times, Ethiopia has experienced far-reaching economic growth and development changes. Despite this growth, the country has been chronically running a trade deficit. Devaluation is one of the most important but controversial trade policies recommended by the IMF for most of the developing countries in restoring the trade balance and increasing real GDP growth. To this end, this study analyzes the economy-wide impact of the devaluation of Ethiopian currency (birr) using Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium (DCGE) Model. The model used an updated version of 2009/10 Ethiopian SAM developed by Ethiopian Development Research Institute (EDRI). Three different simulation scenarios have been simultaneously used to evaluate the real impact of devaluation on the economy; 15%, 25% and 35% increase in exchange rate respectively. The findings of the study reveal that devaluation results in a decline in the overall GDP growth and domestic absorption. On the other hand, the trade balance has been improved under all simulation scenarios. Moreover, the productions of agriculture and service sectors expand whereas that of the industrial sector shrinks at a higher rate. By and large, real consumption, fixed investment, GDP, government revenue and household welfare are all adversely affected justifying that devaluation has contractionary effects on the Ethiopian economy. Based on the findings, the researcher suggests the monetary authority to stick to its managed floating policy stance and make changes in cautious and predictable manner. Moreover, there is an obvious need to combine monetary policy measures with fiscal policy in order to promote sustained economic development.
Rank List Sensitivity of Recommender Systems to Interaction Perturbations
Creators: name: Oh, Sejoon
name: Ustun, Berk
name: McAuley, Julian
name: Kumar, Srijan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Prediction models can exhibit sensitivity with respect to training data: small changes in the training data can produce models that assign conflicting predictions to individual data points during test time. In this work, we study this sensitivity in recommender systems, where users' recommendations are drastically altered by minor perturbations in other unrelated users' interactions. We introduce a measure of stability for recommender systems, called Rank List Sensitivity (RLS), which measures how rank lists generated by a given recommender system at test time change as a result of a perturbation in the training data. We develop a method, CASPER, which uses cascading effect to identify the minimal and systematical perturbation to induce higher instability in a recommender system. Experiments on four datasets show that recommender models are overly sensitive to minor perturbations introduced randomly or via CASPER - even perturbing one random interaction of one user drastically changes the recommendation lists of all users. Importantly, with CASPER perturbation, the models generate more unstable recommendations for low-accuracy users (i.e., those who receive low-quality recommendations) than high-accuracy ones.
description: Accepted for publication at: 31st ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM 2022). Code and data at: https://github.com/srijankr/casper
Microprocessor based pilot-plant control system
Creators: name: Pereira, J. E. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Multivalued fundamental diagrams of traffic flow in the kinetic Fokker-Planck limit
Creators: name: Visconti, Giuseppe
name: Herty, Michael
name: Puppo, Gabriella
name: Tosin, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90B20, 65Z05, 35Q20, 35Q70, 35Q84

description: Starting from interaction rules based on two levels of stochasticity we study the influence of the microscopic dynamics on the macroscopic properties of vehicular flow. In particular, we study the qualitative structure of the resulting flux-density and speed-density diagrams for different choices of the desired speeds. We are able to recover multivalued diagrams as a result of the existence of a one-parameter family of stationary distributions, whose expression is analytically found by means of a Fokker-Planck approximation of the initial Boltzmann-type model.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures
Automorphism Ensemble Decoding of Quasi-Cyclic LDPC Codes by Breaking Graph Symmetries
Creators: name: Geiselhart, Marvin
name: Ebada, Moustafa
name: Elkelesh, Ahmed
name: Clausius, Jannis
name: Brink, Stephan ten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider automorphism ensemble decoding (AED) of quasi-cyclic (QC) low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Belief propagation (BP) decoding on the conventional factor graph is equivariant to the quasi-cyclic automorphisms and therefore prevents gains by AED. However, by applying small modifications to the parity-check matrix at the receiver side, we can break the symmetry without changing the code at the transmitter. This way, we can leverage a gain in error-correcting performance using an ensemble of identical BP decoders, without increasing the worst-case decoding latency. The proposed method is demonstrated using LDPC codes from the CCSDS, 802.11n and 5G standards and produces gains of 0.2 to 0.3 dB over conventional BP decoding. Compared to the similarly performing saturated BP (SBP), the proposed algorithm reduces the average decoding latency by more than eight times.
description: 5 pages, submitted to IEEE for possible publication
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Nurses regarding to Post-operative pain management at Hospitals of Arsi zone, Southeast Ethiopia, 2018.
Creators: name: Girma, Bruhalem
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Background: Patients' recovery after surgery is one of the most important health processes in hospital healthcare. Effective pain management requires precise knowledge; attitude and competent assessment skills on practice. Nurses should have a solid foundation of pain knowledge and develop a correct attitude towards post-operative pain management. Little is known about the knowledge and there is no evidence to understand the attitude gaps and nurses practices of post-operative pain management by nurses working at Arsi zone hospitals. Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice on postoperative pain management practice among nurses working at hospitals of Arsi zone east [1]. Pain management practices are defined as a set of activities that should be provided by nurses to manage patient care effectively. west,2018. Methods: A survey was implemented from April to June 2018. The study population was selected from Arsi zonal hospitals with a sample size of 144 nurses. Data was collected using structured self-administered, questionnaire and was verified, coded and entered to Epi Info Software version 3.5.4 and then it exported and analyzed by SPSS version 21 Software. After analysis frequency and percentages were used to summarize the finding and significance of determinant factors were tested using Logistic regression and Odds Ratio & P< 0.05 at 95% CI. Binary logistic regressions were used to see the association or the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Result: The result of this study showed that, the nurses had good knowledge and had Unfavorable attitude and low practice in regard to post-operative pain management. There is a significant association among sex, age and postoperative management practice with (AOR=1.181,95% CI 0.493,2.834) for age between30-40 yrs(p<0.05). Age groups between 20-30 (67%) had good knowledge on post-operative pain management. Other variables such as, educational level, total work experience, length of work of experience, work unit not associated knowledge on post-operative pain management. Conclusion: As the nurses are the most important parts in pain management, their knowledge and attitude make a big difference. So, there is a need for regular in-service education on pain management according to the recommendation of standard.
Concept learning in technology education
Creators: name: De Vries, Marc
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2013

description: Learning concepts is an important domain within technology education. Not much research has been spent on it, unfortunately. Also it is not clear, how concepts can be learnt. In this paper some ideas about that will be presented. In particular the role of design as a pedagogical strategy will be highlighted. Keywords: concept learning, artifacts, structure, function
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2013): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Interacting fermionic symmetry-protected topological phases in two dimensions
Creators: name: Wang, Chenjie
name: Lin, Chien-Hung
name: Gu, Zheng-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We classify and construct models for two-dimensional (2D) interacting fermionic symmetry-protected topological (FSPT) phases with general finite Abelian unitary symmetry $G_f$. To obtain the classification, we couple the FSPT system to a dynamical discrete gauge field with gauge group $G_f$ and study braiding statistics in the resulting gauge theory. Under reasonable assumptions, the braiding statistics data allows us to infer a potentially complete classification of 2D FSPT phases with Abelian symmetry. The FSPT models that we construct are simple stacks of the following two kinds of existing models: (i) free-fermion models and (ii) models obtained through embedding of bosonic symmetry-protected topological (BSPT) phases. Interestingly, using these two kinds of models, we are able to realize almost all FSPT phases in our classification, except for one class. We argue that this exceptional class of FSPT phases can never be realized through models (i) and (ii), and therefore can be thought of as intrinsically interacting and intrinsically fermionic. The simplest example of this class is associated with $\mathbb Z_4^f\times\mathbb Z_4\times\mathbb Z_4$ symmetry. We show that all 2D FSPT phases with a finite Abelian symmetry of the form $ \mathbb Z_2^f\times G$ can be realized through the above models (i), or (ii), or a simple stack of them. Finally, we study the stability of BSPT phases when they are embedded into fermionic systems.
description: 32 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Superconductivity in Bi based Bi2PdPt
Creators: name: Kataria, A.
name: Agarwal, T.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Singh, D.
name: Marik, S.
name: Singh, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report synthesis and properties of superconducting Bi$_2$PdPt, a new member of Bi-Pd based compounds known for their simultaneous existence of topological surfaces states and superconductivity. It crystallizes in a hexagonal structure having space group $P6_3/mmc$. A detailed investigation of the properties via transport, magnetization, and specific heat measurements confirm bulk superconductivity with transition temperature, \textit{T}$_{C}$ = 4.0(1) K in moderate coupling limit.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Clinically-Inspired Multi-Agent Transformers for Disease Trajectory Forecasting from Multimodal Data
Creators: name: Nguyen, Huy Hoang
name: Blaschko, Matthew B.
name: Saarakkala, Simo
name: Tiulpin, Aleksei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep neural networks are often applied to medical images to automate the problem of medical diagnosis. However, a more clinically relevant question that practitioners usually face is how to predict the future trajectory of a disease. Current methods for prognosis or disease trajectory forecasting often require domain knowledge and are complicated to apply. In this paper, we formulate the prognosis prediction problem as a one-to-many prediction problem. Inspired by a clinical decision-making process with two agents -- a radiologist and a general practitioner -- we predict prognosis with two transformer-based components that share information with each other. The first transformer in this framework aims to analyze the imaging data, and the second one leverages its internal states as inputs, also fusing them with auxiliary clinical data. The temporal nature of the problem is modeled within the transformer states, allowing us to treat the forecasting problem as a multi-task classification, for which we propose a novel loss. We show the effectiveness of our approach in predicting the development of structural knee osteoarthritis changes and forecasting Alzheimer's disease clinical status directly from raw multi-modal data. The proposed method outperforms multiple state-of-the-art baselines with respect to performance and calibration, both of which are needed for real-world applications. An open-source implementation of our method is made publicly available at \url{https://github.com/Oulu-IMEDS/CLIMATv2}.
description: Accepted in IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 2023
Technik in der Interdisziplinaritätsfalle - Anmerkungen aus Sicht der Philosophie
Creators: name: Gehring, Petra
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2013

description: Das Erfordernis, technische Disziplinen, Technikforschung und auch Technikdidaktik sollten sich fachübergreifend aufstellen, wird kaum jemand bestreiten. Dennoch ist schwer zu sagen, was daraus - namentlich für die Lehre und lehrbezogene Forschung - folgt. Der Beitrag sichtet hierfür Gründe, beginnend mit der Vagheit des Begriffs „Interdisziplinarität“ und der wechselvollen Geschichte von Interdisziplinaritätspostulaten selber. Insbesondere hat ein irreleitender Singular das Programmwort zur Falle gemacht. Konkretisierung tut für das Feld der Technik Not. Der Beitrag schlägt hier eine reduzierte, pragmatisch zweigeteilte Lesart von Interdisziplinarität vor, die den Begriff pluralisiert und an methodischen Gebrauchswerten orientiert. Schlüsselwörter: Interdisziplinarität, Wissenschaftsforschung, Technikphilosophie.
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2013): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Linearized self-consistent quasiparticle GW method: Application to semiconductors and simple metals
Creators: name: Kutepov, Andrey L.
name: Oudovenko, Viktor S.
name: Kotliar, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a code implementing the linearized self-consistent quasiparticle GW method (scQPGW) in the LAPW basis. Our approach is based on the linearization of the self-energy around zero frequency which differs it from the existing implementations of the scQPGW method. The linearization allows us to use Matsubara frequencies instead of real ones. As a result it gives us an advantage in terms of efficiency, allowing us easily switch to the imaginary time representation the same way as in the space time method. The all electron LAPW basis set eliminates the need for pseudopotentials. We discuss the advantages of our approach, such as its N^3 scaling with the system size, as well as its shortcomings. We apply our approach to study electronic properties of selected semiconductors, insulators, and simple metals and show that our code produces results very close to the previously published scQPGW data. Our implementation is a good platform for further many body diagrammatic resummations such as GW+DMFT.
description: 15 pages, 3 tables