cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Estimating Willingness to Pay for E10 fuel: a contingent valuation study
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Sanjoy
name: Petrolia, Daniel R.
name: Herndon, Cary W.
name: Bhattacharjee, Sanjoy
name: Petrolia, Daniel R.
name: Herndon, Cary W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: E10 ethanol
subject: perceptions and economic choice
subject: latent variable
subject: random utility models

description: In this study, we measure willingness to pay for E10 fuel by US consumers employing a contingent valuation technique in a simultaneous latent variable equation framework. The simultaneous equation framework helps us to understand the way consumers' perceptions about ethanol are developed and influence their respective buying behavior.
Bimodal Galaxies and Bimodality in Globular Cluster Systems
Creators: name: Forbes, Duncan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various galaxy properties are not continuous over a large range in mass, but rather reveal a remarkable transition or `bimodality' at a stellar mass of 3 x 10^{10} Mo. These properties include colors, stellar populations, Xray emission and mass-to-light ratios. This behavior has been interpreted as the transition from hot to cold flows by Dekel & Birnboim (2005). Here we explore whether globular cluster (GC) systems also reveal a bimodal nature with regard to this critical mass scale. Globular clusters probe star formation at early epochs in the Universe and survive subsequent galaxy mergers and accretions. We use new data from the ACS Virgo Cluster Survey (Peng etal 2005), which provides a homogeneous sample of the GC systems around one hundred Virgo early-type galaxies covering a range of five hundred in galaxy mass. Their classification of the GC color distributions is taken to examine a key quantity -- the number of GCs per unit galaxy luminosity. Below the critical mass, this quantity (called the GC specific frequency) increases dramatically in its mean value and spread. This increase may be due to regulated star formation in low mass galaxies, which in turn is due to mass loss via winds and the transition from hot to cold gas accretion flows. We also note that above the critical mass, galaxies possess two GC subpopulations (with blue and red mean colors) but below this mass, galaxies reveal an increasing proportion of single (blue) GC systems.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
(farsi - فارسی‎) 2024 تقویم علمی مکتب
Creators: name: Álvarez Maylín, Carlota
name: García Doval, Fátima M.
name: Macho Stadler, Marta
name: Rozada, F.
name: González Merino, Paloma
name: Martínez Cortés, Juan Pablo
name: Laga Lázaro, Eduardo
name: González Pedraz, Cristina
name: Gallar Martínez, Ángeles Consuelo
name: Manuelian, Carmen L.
name: Aguilera, Jorge
name: Valldecabres, Ainhoa
name: Fernández-Bayo, Jesús D.
name: Santillan-Urquiza, Esmeralda
name: Cervera Mata, Ana
name: ALLA-Academia De La Llingua Asturiana
name: Chaib, Djalila
name: Cátedra De Cultura Científica De La Universidad Del País Vasco/ Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea
name: Mosquera Carregal, Xesús M.
name: Naya Riveiro, M. Cristina
name: Perea Marco, Mari Carmen
name: Martínez Martínez, Rosa
name: Roldán Zafra, Juan Narciso
name: Hervás, Gonzalo
name: Frutos, Pilar
name: Marcos Cordero, Benita
name: Rodríguez Lozano, Pablo
name: Hidalgo, Aurelio
name: Bazán, Juanjo
name: Manzano-Arrondo, Vicente
name: Busto, Bernardo
name: Rascón, Andrés
name: Federación Española De Esperanto
name: Gonçalves, Flávio C.
name: Equipo Canaima GNU/Linux
name: Nieto, Cristina
name: Palancar Larena, Marina
name: García Díaz, Marta
name: Cantera, Xiomara
name: Santo, Eva
name: Aierbe, Eneko
name: Fayez, Ahmad Farhad
name: Fonseca, Pablo A. S.
name: Comisión Mujeres Y Geología De La Sociedad Geológica De España
name: Fundación Odón De Buen
name: Díaz Losada, Elisabeth
name: Campillo, Santiago
name: Gallego Barco, Lydia
name: Toral, Pablo G.
Publisher: name: Digital.CSIC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Divulgación
subject: Calendarios
subject: Educación
subject: Niños
subject: Investigación y desarrollo
subject: Tecnología
subject: http://metadata.un.org/sdg/4
subject: http://metadata.un.org/sdg/5
subject: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
subject: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

description: El proyecto “Calendario Científico Escolar 2024” ha consistido en la elaboración de un calendario dirigido al alumnado de educación primaria y secundaria obligatoria. Cada día se ha recogido un aniversario científico o tecnológico como, por ejemplo, nacimientos de personas de estos ámbitos o conmemoraciones de hallazgos destacables. Además, el calendario se acompaña de una guía didáctica con orientaciones para el aprovechamiento educativo transversal del calendario en las clases, incluyendo actividades adaptadas a cada rango de edad y al alumnado con necesidades especiales. Se trata de la cuarta edición de este proyecto de divulgación científica.
Predictions from an anisotropic inflationary era
Creators: name: Pitrou, Cyril
name: Pereira, Thiago S.
name: Uzan, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article investigates the predictions of an inflationary phase starting from a homogeneous and anisotropic universe of the Bianchi I type. After discussing the evolution of the background spacetime, focusing on the number of e-folds and the isotropization, we solve the perturbation equations and predict the power spectra of the curvature perturbations and gravity waves at the end of inflation. The main features of the early anisotropic phase is (1) a dependence of the spectra on the direction of the modes, (2) a coupling between curvature perturbations and gravity waves, and (3) the fact that the two gravity waves polarisations do not share the same spectrum on large scales. All these effects are significant only on large scales and die out on small scales where isotropy is recovered. They depend on a characteristic scale that can, but a priori must not, be tuned to some observable scale. To fix the initial conditions, we propose a procedure that generalises the one standardly used in inflation but that takes into account the fact that the WKB regime is violated at early times when the shear dominates. We stress that there exist modes that do not satisfy the WKB condition during the shear-dominated regime and for which the amplitude at the end of inflation depends on unknown initial conditions. On such scales, inflation loses its predictability. This study paves the way to the determination of the cosmological signature of a primordial shear, whatever the Bianchi I spacetime. It thus stresses the importance of the WKB regime to draw inflationary predictions and demonstrates that when the number of e-folds is large enough, the predictions converge toward those of inflation in a Friedmann-Lemaitre spacetime but that they are less robust in the case of an inflationary era with a small number of e-folds.
description: 48 pages
What Effect Does Free Trade in Agriculture Have on Developing Country Populations Around the World?
Creators: name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agricultural trade liberalization
subject: income and price elasticity
subject: income distribution
subject: developing countries

description: Highlighted in the “battle in Seattle” in 1999, anti-trade sentiments still persist, even with development considerations placed at the core of reform negotiations at the World Trade Organization, in which two-thirds of the members are developing countries. In this paper, the impact of agricultural trade liberalization on food consumption through changes in income and prices is considered. First, agricultural trade liberalization is estimated to raise economic growth by 0.43% and 0.46% in developing and industrialized countries, respectively. Since food consumption of households with lower income are more responsive to changes in income, their food consumption increases more under a trade liberalization regime. Second, trade liberalization is expected to raise world commodity prices in the range of 3% to 34%. Since, in general, border protection is much higher in developing countries and the level of their tariff rates are likely to exceed the rate of price increases, 87% to 99% of the 83 to 98 countries examined would have lower domestic prices under liberalization. Again, given that low-income countries are more responsive to changes in prices, food consumption in these countries would increase more. Finally, empirical evidence shows that if there is any harm on small net selling producers in a net importing country, it is neither large in scale nor widespread because the substitution effect dominates the net income effect from the lower domestic prices.
Black Hole Perturbations and Quasinormal Modes in Hybrid Metric-Palatini Gravity
Creators: name: Chen, Che-Yu
name: Kung, Yu-Hsien
name: Chen, Pisin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid advancement of gravitational wave astronomy in recent years has paved the way for the burgeoning development of black hole spectroscopy, which enhances the possibility of testing black holes by their quasinormal modes (QNMs). In this paper, the axial gravitational perturbations and the QNM frequencies of black holes in the hybrid metric-Palatini gravity (HMPG) are investigated. The HMPG theory is characterized by a dynamical scalar degree of freedom and is able to explain the late-time accelerating expansion of the universe without introducing any \textit{ad hoc} screening mechanism to preserve the dynamics at the Solar System scale. We obtain the master equation governing the axial gravitational perturbations of the HMPG black holes and calculate the QNM frequencies. Moreover, in the scrutiny of the black holes and their QNMs, we take into account the constraints on the model parameters based on the post-Newtonian analysis, and show how the QNM frequencies of the HMPG black holes would be altered in the observationally consistent range of parameter space.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures. Updated to match the published version
Collaboration Models Between Industry and  Academia. Whitepaper on behalf of the Section Industry Engagement of the National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI).
Creators: name: Stahl, Florian
name: Hamann, Andreas
name: Hoff, Kai
name: Kockelmann, Kai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Research Data Management
Industry Collaboration
NFDI
Section Industry Engagement

description: Collaborations between academia and industry can serve as a vital tool, bringing together all available resources and knowledge from both parties to cope with the rapid pace and complexity of technological evolution and the demand for innovative solutions to pressing societal problems. However, despite their potential advantages for both sides, industry-academia collaborations still appear to be difficult to establish in practice. Frequently, it seems, those collaborations are not even put in place even if they could be advantageous for both parties. Therefore, this whitepaper encompasses a comprehensive examination of existing collaboration models between industry and academia and serves as a guide for the future appropriate and successful establishment of collaborations.
Valuing Recreational Benefits of a National Park in Andean Colombia
Creators: name: Alvarez, Sergio
name: Larkin, Sherry L.
name: Alvarez, Sergio
name: Larkin, Sherry L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: consumer surplus
subject: non-market valuation
subject: willingness to pay
subject: zonal travel cost

description: Protected undeveloped areas are an important tool for land conservation in developing nations. Efficient land allocation decisions and resource management requires knowledge of non-market benefits. Using travel cost and contingent valuation data from on-site interviews and secondary data on visitation, this study will value a national park in Columbia.
Determinants of Agricultural Disaster Payments in the Southeastern U.S.: County Level Analysis
Creators: name: Nadolnyak, Denis A.
name: Nadolnyak, Denis A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Public Economics

description: This paper evaluates the relevance of weather and climate data in explaining county-level crop disaster payments in Georgia. Following previous research, regional socio-economic and community data are also used to control for factors other than weather. While weather and ENSO data explain the payments well, available economic variables do not.
The Value of Regional Annual Nitrogen Needs Information for Wheat Producers in Oklahoma
Creators: name: Roberts, David C.
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Raun, William R.
name: Solie, John B.
name: Roberts, David C.
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Raun, William R.
name: Solie, John B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: nitrogen seeds
subject: nitrogen use efficiency
subject: precision agriculture
subject: wheat

description: Crop producers are increasingly interested in reducing nitrogen use without sacrificing yield. Technology is available for precise application at the sub-field level, but adoption has been sluggish. This paper estimates the relative profitability of a field level annual predictor of mid-season N requirements and a regional predictor of the same.
Statistical Mechanics of Histories: A Cluster Monte Carlo Algorithm
Creators: name: Gulbahce, Natali
name: Alexander, Francis J.
name: Johnson, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient computational approach to sample the histories of nonlinear stochastic processes. This framework builds upon recent work on casting a $d$-dimensional stochastic dynamical system into a $d+1$-dimensional equilibrium system using the path integral approach. We introduce a cluster algorithm that efficiently samples histories and discuss how to include measurements that are available into the estimate of the histories. This allows our approach to be applicable to the simulation of rare events and to optimal state and parameter estimation. We demonstrate the utility of this approach for $ϕ^4$ Langevin dynamics in two spatial dimensions where our algorithm improves sampling efficiency up to an order of magnitude.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, to appear in PRE (2006). extended discussion and minor changes
Predicting activation energies for vacancy-mediated diffusion in alloys using a transition-state cluster expansion
Creators: name: Li, Chenyang
name: Nilson, Thomas
name: Cao, Liang
name: Mueller, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kinetic Monte Carlo models parameterized by first principles calculations are widely used to simulate atomic diffusion. However, accurately predicting the activation energies for diffusion in substitutional alloys remains challenging due to the wide variety of local environments that may exist around the diffusing atom. We address this challenge using a cluster expansion model that explicitly includes a sublattice of sites representing transition states and assess its accuracy in comparison with other models, such as the broken bond model and a model related to Marcus theory, by modeling vacancy-mediated diffusion in Pt-Ni nanoparticles. We find that the prediction error of the cluster expansion is similar to that of other models for small training sets, but with larger training sets the cluster expansion has a significantly lower prediction error than the other models with comparable execution speed. Of the simpler models, the model related to Marcus theory yields predictions of nanoparticle evolution that are most similar to those of the cluster expansion, and a weighted average of the two approaches has the lowest prediction error for activation energies across all training set sizes.
title: TiO₂, SiO₂, and Al₂O₃ coated nanopores and nanotubes produced by ALD in etched ion-track membranes for transport measurements
Creators: name: Spende, Anne
name: Sobel, Nicolas
name: Lukas, Manuela
name: Zierold, Robert
name: Riedl, Jesse C.
name: Gura, Leonard
name: Schubert, Ina
name: Moreno, Josep M. Montero
name: Nielsch, Kornelius
name: Stühn, Bernd
name: Hess, Christian
name: Trautmann, Christina
name: Toimil-Molares, Maria E.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: Low-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) of TiO₂, SiO₂, and Al₂O₃ was applied to modify the surface and to tailor the diameter of nanochannels in etched ion-track polycarbonate membranes. The homogeneity, conformity, and composition of the coating inside the nanochannels are investigated for different channel diameters (18–55 nm) and film thicknesses (5–22 nm). Small angle x-ray scattering before and after ALD demonstrates conformal coating along the full channel length. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy provide evidence of nearly stoichiometric composition of the different coatings. By wet-chemical methods, the ALD-deposited film is released from the supporting polymer templates providing 30 μm long self-supporting nanotubes with walls as thin as 5 nm. Electrolytic ion-conductivity measurements provide proof-of-concept that combining ALD coating with ion-track nanotechnology offers promising perspectives for single-pore applications by controlled shrinking of an oversized pore to a preferred smaller diameter and fine-tuning of the chemical and physical nature of the inner channel surface.
Maize in Thailand: Production Systems, Constraints, and Research Priorities
Creators: name: Ekasingh, Benchaphun
name: Gypmantasiri, Phrek
name: Thong-Ngam, Kuson
name: Grudloyma, Pichet
name: Ekasingh, Benchaphun
name: Gypmantasiri, Phrek
name: Thong-Ngam, Kuson
name: Grudloyma, Pichet
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This is one of a series of seven in-depth country studies on maize production systems in Asia, funded by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). It is part of a project designed to promote sustainable intensification of maize production systems while ensuring equitable income growth and improved food security, especially for poor households that depend on maize. Maize is one of five major crops grown in the uplands of Thailand, along with rice, cassava, sugar cane, and rubber trees. Government-promoted crop diversification, increased population growth, improved transportation networks, inter national trade, expansion of upland farming areas, and increased demand for grains from the domestic livestock and poultry industry stimulated Thailand's maize production beginning in the 1980s. However, Thailand's domestic maize supply is currently not sufficient to meet the needs of its in-country demands, and small quantities have to be imported. Rapid economic growth and accelerated urbanization are expected to create an even higher demand for maize in Thailand. This trend will lead to the intensification of current maize production systems, with more land being shifted to maize production, particularly in marginal areas. Thailand's challenge is to produce more maize for an expanding market, while preserving the natural resource base and the environment through careful agricultural planning. Effective policy design and implementation must be based on comprehensive, accurate data on the current state of maize-based farming systems. This study characterized the social and biophysical maize production environment of Thailand; examined its response to increasing maize demand; determined constraints to future productivity growth; indicated the potential envir onmental consequences, and examined the options available for promoting sustainable growth in maize production.
Interfacial roughening in field theory
Creators: name: Köpf, Michael H.
name: Münster, Gernot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the rough phase, the width of interfaces separating different phases of statistical systems increases logarithmically with the system size. This phenomenon is commonly described in terms of the capillary wave model, which deals with fluctuating, infinitely thin membranes, requiring ad hoc cut-offs in momentum space. We investigate the interface roughening from first principles in the framework of the Landau-Ginzburg model, that is renormalized field theory, in the one-loop approximation. The interface profile and width are calculated analytically, resulting in finite expressions with definite coefficients. They are valid in the scaling region and depend on the known renormalized coupling constant.
description: 16 pages, 4 Postscript figure
Depletion of the Bose-Einstein condensate in Bose-Fermi mixtures
Creators: name: Powell, Stephen
name: Sachdev, Subir
name: Buchler, Hans Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the properties of a mixture of fermionic and bosonic atoms, as they are tuned across a Feshbach resonance associated with a fermionic molecular state. Provided the number of fermionic atoms exceeds the number of bosonic atoms, we argue that there is a critical detuning at which the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is completely depleted. The phases on either side of this quantum phase transition can also be distinguished by the distinct Luttinger constraints on their Fermi surfaces. In both phases, the total volume enclosed by all Fermi surfaces is constrained by the total number of fermions. However, in the phase without the BEC, which has two Fermi surfaces, there is a _second_ Luttinger constraint: the volume enclosed by one of the Fermi surfaces is constrained by the total number of_bosons_, so that the volumes enclosed by the two Fermi surfaces are separately conserved. The phase with the BEC may have one or two Fermi surfaces, but only their total volume is conserved. We obtain the phase diagram as a function of atomic parameters and temperature, and describe critical fluctuations in the vicinity of all transitions. We make quantitative predictions valid for the case of a narrow Feshbach resonance, but we expect the qualitative features we describe to be more generally applicable. As an aside, we point out intriguing connections between the BEC depletion transition and the transition to the fractionalized Fermi liquid in Kondo lattice models.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, REVTeX 4, submitted to Phys. Rev. B Minor changes throughout
You Shall not Repackage! Demystifying Anti-Repackaging on Android
Creators: name: Merlo, Alessio
name: Ruggia, Antonio
name: Sciolla, Luigi
name: Verderame, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.4.6

description: App repackaging refers to the practice of customizing an existing mobile app and redistributing it in the wild. In this way, the attacker aims to force some mobile users to install the repackaged(likely malicious) app instead of the original one. This phenomenon strongly affects Android, where apps are available on public stores, and the only requirement for an app to execute properly is to be digitally signed. Anti-repackaging techniques try counteracting this attack by adding logical controls in the app at compile-time. Such controls activate in case of repackaging and lead the repackaged app to fail at runtime. On the other side, the attacker must detect and bypass the controls to repackage safely. The high-availability of working repackaged apps in the Android ecosystem suggests that the attacker's side is winning. In this respect, this paper aims to bring out the main issues of the current anti-repackaging approaches. The contribution of the paper is three-fold: 1) analyze the weaknesses of the current state-of-the-art anti-repackaging schemes (i.e., Self-Protection through Dex Encryption, AppIS, SSN, SDC, BombDroid, and NRP), 2) summarize the main attack vectors to anti-repackaging techniques composing those schemes, and 3) show how such attack vectors allow circumventing the current proposals. The paper will also show a full-fledged attack to NRP, the only publicly-available anti repackaging tool to date.
Prevention, Impacts, and Response to COVID-19 among the Batwa Indigenous Peoples in Uganda: A Policy Brief
Creators: name: Namanya, Didas
name: Nuwagira, Richard
name: Ainembabazi, Triphine
name: Kazaana, Christopher
name: Nkalubo, Jonathan
name: Nahabwe, Haven
name: Okware, Samuel
name: Lwasa, Shuaib
name: Ford, James
name: Zavaleta-Cortijo, Carol
name: Chicmana, Victoria
name: Galappaththi, Eranga
name: Perera, Dharshani
name: Angula, Martha M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160508 Health Policy

description: This work is part of the COVID Observatories research project that runs in other countries including Canada, Peru, Bolivia, Fiji, Sri Lanka, Ghana, South Africa, Namibia, and India. The research teams have been working with IPs and decision-makers to document the impacts COVID-19 is having on indigenous communities and how people are responding. This policy brief has been worked with The Batwa Indigenous people in Uganda. The findings include key themes of COVID-19 epidemiology & knowledge, lived experiences (characterized under livelihoods, access to health facilities, food security, and sexual gender-based violence -SGBV), COVID-19 response, challenges faced and policy recommendations. This brief aims to help understand and communicate the unique context challenges, resilience factors, and needs of Indigenous communities for COVID-19 response and recovery, informing local and global decision-making now and in the future.
Anisotropic magnetic interactions in hexagonal AB-stacked kagome lattice structures: Applications to $\mathrm{Mn}_3\mathrm{X}$ ($\mathrm{X}$ = $\mathrm{Ge}$, $\mathrm{Sn}$, $\mathrm{Ga}$) compounds
Creators: name: Zelenskiy, A.
name: Monchesky, T. L.
name: Plumer, M. L.
name: Southern, B. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $\mathrm{Mn}_3\mathrm{X}$ compounds in which the magnetic $\mathrm{Mn}$ atoms form AB-stacked kagome lattices have received a tremendous amount of attention since the observation of the anomalous Hall effect in $\mathrm{Mn}_3\mathrm{Ge}$ and $\mathrm{Mn}_3\mathrm{Sn}$. Although the magnetic ground state has been known for some time to be an inverse triangular structure with an induced in-plane magnetic moment, there have been several controversies about the minimal magnetic Hamiltonian. We present a general symmetry-based model for these compounds that includes a previously unreported interplane Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, as well as anisotropic exchange interactions. The latter are shown to compete with the single-ion anisotropy which strongly affects the ground state configurations and elementary spin-wave excitations. Finally, we present the calculated elastic and inelastic neutron scattering intensities and point to experimental assessment of the types of magnetic anisotropy in these compounds that may be important.
Topological quantization of the spin Hall effect in two-dimensional paramagnetic semiconductors
Creators: name: Qi, Xiao-Liang
name: Wu, Yong-Shi
name: Zhang, Shou-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose models of two dimensional paramagnetic semiconductors where the intrinsic spin Hall effect is exactly quantized in integer units of a topological charge. The model describes a topological insulator in the bulk, and a "holographic metal" at the edge, where the number of extended edge states crossing the Fermi level is dictated by (exactly equal to) the bulk topological charge. We also demonstrate the spin Hall effect explicitly in terms of the spin accumulation caused by the adiabatic flux insertion.
description: the expanded version published on Phys. Rev. B
Universal Magnetic-Field-Driven Metal-Insulator-Metal Transformations in Graphite and Bismuth
Creators: name: Kopelevich, Y.
name: Pantoja, J. C. Medina
name: da Silva, R. R.
name: Moehlecke, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applied magnetic field induces metal - insulator and re-entrant insulator-metal transitions in both graphite and rhombohedral bismuth. The corresponding transition boundaries plotted on the magnetic field - temperature (B - T) plane nearly coincide for these semimetals and can be best described by power laws T ~ (B - B_c)^k, where B_c is a critical field at T = 0 and k = 0.45 +/- 0.05. We show that insulator-metal-insulator (I-M-I) transformations take place in the Landau level quantization regime and illustrate how the IMT in quasi-3D graphite transforms into a cascade of I-M-I transitions, related to the quantum Hall effect in quasi-2D graphite samples. We discuss the possible coupling of superconducting and excitonic correlations with the observed phenomena, as well as the signatures of quantum phase transitions associated with the M-I and I-M transformations.
description: 23 pages including 14 figures
On the Stress Tensor Light-ray Operator Algebra
Creators: name: Belin, Alexandre
name: Hofman, Diego M.
name: Mathys, Grégoire
name: Walters, Matthew T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study correlation functions involving generalized ANEC operators of the form $\int dx^- \left(x^-\right)^{n+2} T_{--}(\vec{x})$ in four dimensions. We compute two, three, and four-point functions involving external scalar states in both free and holographic Conformal Field Theories. From this information, we extract the algebra of these light-ray operators. We find a global subalgebra spanned by $n=\{-2, -1, 0, 1, 2\}$ which annihilate the conformally invariant vacuum and transform among themselves under the action of the collinear conformal group that preserves the light-ray. Operators outside this range give rise to an infinite central term, in agreement with previous suggestions in the literature. In free theories, even some of the operators inside the global subalgebra fail to commute when placed at spacelike separation on the same null-plane. This lack of commutativity is not integrable, presenting an obstruction to the construction of a well defined light-ray algebra at coincident $\vec{x}$ coordinates. For holographic CFTs the behavior worsens and operators with $n \neq -2$ fail to commute at spacelike separation. We reproduce this result in the bulk of AdS where we present new exact shockwave solutions dual to the insertions of these (exponentiated) operators on the boundary.
description: 56 pages + appendices, 9 figures; published version
Assessment of the effectiveness of maize seed assistance to vulnerable farm households in Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Langyintuo, Augustine S.
name: Setimela, Peter S.
name: Langyintuo, Augustine S.
name: Setimela, Peter S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: Agricultural development
subject: Technical aid
subject: Farm income
subject: Food production
subject: Maize
subject: Open pollination
subject: Hybrids
subject: Zimbabwe

description: The publication describes outcomes of a study to assess the effectiveness of a large-scale crop seed relief effort in Zimbabwe during 2003-07. Aims of the effort, which was supported by the British Department for International Development (DfID) and coordinated by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) regional office in Harare, included broader diffusion of open-pollinated maize varieties (OPVs), as opposed to hybrids. Based on the findings of the study, the authors recommend that, to increase benefits to vulnerable groups, participants in such efforts should effectively disseminate information on selecting and recycling seed, supported by training and field demonstrations, and should target relatively well-endowed farmers initially. Recommendations also included promotion of OPVs by commercial seed companies and developing a simple, farmer-friendly system for naming varieties.
Dielectrophoresis of nanocolloids: a molecular dynamics study
Creators: name: Salonen, E.
name: Terama, E.
name: Vattulainen, I.
name: Karttunen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dielectrophoresis (DEP), the motion of polarizable particles in non-uniform electric fields, has become an important tool for the transport, separation, and characterization of microparticles in biomedical and nanoelectronics research. In this article we present, to our knowledge, the first molecular dynamics simulations of DEP of nanometer-sized colloidal particles. We introduce a simplified model for polarizable nanoparticles, consisting of a large charged macroion and oppositely charged microions, in an explicit solvent. The model is then used to study DEP motion of the particle at different combinations of temperature and electric field strength. In accord with linear response theory, the particle drift velocities are shown to be proportional to the DEP force. Analysis of the colloid DEP mobility shows a clear time dependence, demonstrating the variation of friction under non-equilibrium. The time dependence of the mobility further results in an apparent weak variation of the DEP displacements with temperature.
A Bayesian approach to case-control studies with errors in the covariates
Creators: name: Vallée, Marc
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: It is not uncommon to be faced with imprecise exposure measurements when dealing with case-control data. In cancer case-control studies, for instance, smoking histories may be unreliable. The usual methods of analysis involve logistic regression with different correction factors. The approach we adopt involves Bayesian fitting of a retrospective discriminant analysis model. The parameters of interest are the regression coefficients in the prospective logodds ratio for disease. Under a standard non-informative prior, the posterior means of these parameters are infinite. Posterior medians, however, perform reasonably relative to other estimators that adjust for covariate imprecision. For models with only continuous exposures, the Bayesian inference can be implemented with exact posterior simulation. The presence of binary covariates requires some elements of a covariance matrix to be fixed. We develop a general approach for sampling such a constrained covariance matrix. The Bayesian inference in this context now demands the use of a Gibbs sampling algorithm.
Statistical coupling constants from hidden sector entanglement
Creators: name: Balasubramanian, Vijay
name: Heckman, Jonathan J.
name: Lipeles, Elliot
name: Turner, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String theory predicts that the couplings of Nature descend from dynamical fields. All known string-motivated particle physics models also come with a wide range of possible extra sectors. It is common to posit that such moduli are frozen to a background value, and that extra sectors can be nearly completely decoupled. Performing a partial trace over all sectors other than the visible sector generically puts the visible sector in a mixed state, with coupling constants drawn from a quantum statistical ensemble. An observable consequence of this entanglement between visible and extra sectors is that the reported values of couplings will appear to have an irreducible variance. Including this variance in fits to experimental data gives an important additional parameter that can be used to distinguish this scenario from the case where couplings are treated as fixed parameters. There is a consequent interplay between energy range and precision of an experiment that allows an extended reach for new physics.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX
Confirmation of a correlation between the X-ray luminosity and spectral slope of AGNs in the Chandra Deep Fields
Creators: name: Saez, C.
name: Chartas, G.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Lehmer, B. D.
name: Bauer, F. E.
name: Dai, X.
name: Garmire, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a statistical analysis of 173 bright radio-quiet AGNs selected from the Chandra Deep Field-North and Chandra Deep Field-South surveys (hereafter, CDFs) in the redshift range of 0.1 < z < 4. We find that the X-ray power-law photon index (Gamma) of radio-quiet AGNs is correlated with their 2-10 keV rest-frame X-ray luminosity (L_X) at the > 99.5 percent confidence level in two redshift bins, 0.3 < z < 0.96, and 1.5 < z < 3.3 and is slightly less significant in the redshift bin 0.96 < z < 1.5. We investigate the redshift evolution of the correlation between the power-law photon index and the hard X-ray luminosity and find that the slope and offset of a linear fit to the correlation change significantly (at the > 99.9 percent confidence level) between redshift bins of 0.3 < z < 0.96 and 1.5 < z < 3.3. We explore physical scenarios explaining the origin of this correlation and its possible evolution with redshift in the context of steady corona models focusing on its dependency on variations of the properties of the hot corona with redshift.
description: Comments: 20 pages, includes 17 figures, Accepted for publication in AJ
2-Group Symmetries of 6d Little String Theories and T-duality
Creators: name: Del Zotto, Michele
name: Ohmori, Kantaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the 2-group structure constants for all the six-dimensional little string theories (LSTs) geometrically engineered in F-theory without frozen singularities. We use this result as a consistency check for T-duality: the 2- groups of a pair of T-dual LSTs have to match. When the T-duality involves a discrete symmetry twist the 2-group used in the matching is modified. We demonstrate the matching of the 2-groups in several examples.
description: 27 pages, references added, typos fixed, version to appear in Annales Henri Poincar\'e
The Effect of the U.S. Foreign Market Development Program on Import Demand for Shelled Peanuts in the European Union
Creators: name: Boonsaeng, Tullaya
name: Fletcher, Stanley M.
name: Boonsaeng, Tullaya
name: Fletcher, Stanley M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Factor demand
subject: Shelled peanuts
subject: U.S. Foreign Market Development Program

description: The main objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the U.S. Foreign Market Development (FMD) program on the European Union imported demand for shelled peanuts. We find that the FMD program had a positive effect on the EU demand for U.S. shelled peanuts. This result suggests that the information provided to manufactures through the FMD has helped to maintain U.S. peanuts in the EU markets. The marginal return per EURO dollars of U.S. export promotion expenditures on the FMD program is 277 EURO dollars for U.S. shelled peanuts.
Assessing Economic and Environmental Impacts of Ethanol Production on Fertilizer Use in Corn Production
Creators: name: Nehring, Richard F.
name: Vialou, Alexandre
name: Erickson, Kenneth W.
name: Sandretto, Carmen L.
name: Nehring, Richard F.
name: Vialou, Alexandre
name: Erickson, Kenneth W.
name: Sandretto, Carmen L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: quality-adjusted fertilizer
subject: corn production
subject: ethanol
subject: excess nutrients

description: The share of corn used in ethanol production has been growing rapidly. USDA predicts that more than 30 percent of the corn crop will be used for ethanol production in 2009/2010. Expanded corn acreage contributes to the application of more fertilizer and is likely to introduce a larger volume of nutrients into the environment. This study found that an increase in ethanol production is consistent with a significant increase in quality-adjusted fertilizer use in selected corn states.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EUROPEAN AUSTRALIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Creators: name: Valiyeva, Irodakhon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The aim of this study is to examine the key features and differences of the Australian English variant (AuE). The work included an analysis of the concept of "language variant", a review of the historical background of the formation of this variant of the English language, and a study of its grammatical and lexical features. The relevance of the study is due to the growing economic, political and cultural interest in the Australian continent. As a result, it was found that the regional differences between Australian English and British English are gradually increasing, which allows us to consider it as a variant that is already beginning to assert itself as an independent language.
Controllable phase transitions between multiple charge density waves in monolayer 1T-VSe$_2$ via doping and strain engineering
Creators: name: Wang, Zishen
name: Zhou, Jun
name: Loh, Kian Ping
name: Feng, Yuan Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) materials are known to possess emergent properties that are not found in their bulk counterparts. Recent experiments have shown a $\sqrt7 \times \sqrt3$ charge density wave (CDW) in monolayer 1T-VSe$_2$, in contrast to the $4\times 4\times 3$ phase in bulk. Here, via first-principles calculations, we show that multiple CDW phases compete in monolayer VSe$_2$, the ground state of which can be tuned by charge doping and in-plane biaxial strain. With doping, the $\sqrt7 \times \sqrt3$ CDW of the pristine VSe$_2$ transfers to a $3 \times \sqrt3$ and $4\times 4$ phase, the latter of which is a projection of the bulk counterpart, at critical doping concentrations of around 0.2 holes per formula unit and 0.25 electrons per formula unit, respectively. The $4\times 4$ CDW phase can also be stabilized under compressive strain. Although electron-phonon coupling is prevailing in the CDW formation, we show that Fermi surface nesting is a good starting point to explain most of these transitions in monolayer 1T-VSe$_2$. These results make VSe$_2$ an appealing material for electronic devices based on controllable CDW phase transitions.
Preparation of excited states for nuclear dynamics on a quantum computer
Creators: name: Roggero, Alessandro
name: Gu, Chenyi
name: Baroni, Alessandro
name: Papenbrock, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two different methods to prepare excited states on a quantum computer, a key initial step to study dynamics within linear response theory. The first method uses unitary evolution for a short time $T=\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{1-F})$ to approximate the action of an excitation operator $\hat{O}$ with fidelity $F$ and success probability $P\approx1-F$. The second method probabilistically applies the excitation operator using the Linear Combination of Unitaries (LCU) algorithm. We benchmark these techniques on emulated and real quantum devices, using a toy model for thermal neutron-proton capture. Despite its larger memory footprint, the LCU-based method is efficient even on current generation noisy devices and can be implemented at a lower gate cost than a naive analysis would suggest. These findings show that quantum techniques designed to achieve good asymptotic scaling on fault tolerant quantum devices might also provide practical benefits on devices with limited connectivity and gate fidelity.
description: 25 pages, 19 figures (some circuits shown as figures); small modifications; title changed; version accepted for publication
Biodiesel Mandate Laws in Argentina and Brazil: An Estimation of Soybean Oil Foregone Export Revenues
Creators: name: Nardi, Matias G.
name: Carpio, Carlos E.
name: Davis, Todd D.
name: Ward, William A.
name: Nardi, Matias G.
name: Carpio, Carlos E.
name: Davis, Todd D.
name: Ward, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Soybean oil foregone export revenues from the adoption of biodiesel incentive policies in Argentina and Brazil are estimated using a partial equilibrium displacement model. Two scenarios are modeled for each country, one based on the mandate laws and one based on phased biodiesel capacities according to planned investments.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 02/22/08.
Improved quantitative regularity for the Navier-Stokes equations in a scale of critical spaces
Creators: name: Palasek, Stan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q35, 76D05

description: We prove a quantitative regularity theorem and blowup criterion for classical solutions of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations satisfying certain critical conditions. The solutions we consider have $\|r^{1-\frac3q}u\|_{L_t^\infty L_x^q}
description: The final version to appear in ARMA. 48 pages, 1 figure
A large family of quantum weak coin-flipping protocols
Creators: name: Mochon, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Each classical public-coin protocol for coin flipping is naturally associated with a quantum protocol for weak coin flipping. The quantum protocol is obtained by replacing classical randomness with quantum entanglement and by adding a cheat detection test in the last round that verifies the integrity of this entanglement. The set of such protocols defines a family which contains the protocol with bias 0.192 previously found by the author, as well as protocols with bias as low as 1/6 described herein. The family is analyzed by identifying a set of optimal protocols for every number of messages. In the end, tight lower bounds for the bias are obtained which prove that 1/6 is optimal for all protocols within the family.
description: 17 pages, REVTeX 4 (minor corrections in v2)