cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Binary Annular Phase Mask to Regulate Spherical Aberration and Allow Super-Localization in Single-Particle Tracking over Extended Depth-of-Focus
Creators: name: Gresil, Quentin
name: Lee, Antony
name: Leveque, Olivier
name: Caicedo, Karen
name: Munoz, Blanca Martin
name: Kulcsar, Caroline
name: Goudail, Francois
name: Bon, Pierre
name: Cognet, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Important applications of single-particle tracking (SPT) aim at deciphering the diffusion properties of single fluorescent nanoparticles immersed in heterogeneous environments, such as multi-cellular biological tissues. To maximize the particle localization precision in such complex environments, high numerical aperture objectives are often required, which intrinsically restrict depth-of-focus (DOF) to less than a micrometer and impedes recording long trajectories when particles escape the plane of focus. In this work, we show that a simple binary phase mask can work with the spherical aberration inevitably induced by thick sample inhomogeneities, to extend the DOF of a single-molecule fluorescence microscope over more than 4 μm. The effect of point-spread-function (PSF) engineering over spherical aberration regularizes inhomogeneities of the PSF along the optical axis by restricting it to a narrow distribution. This allows the use of a single fitting function (i.e. Gaussian function) to localize single emitters over the whole extended DOF. Application of this simple approach on diffusing nanoparticles demonstrate that SPT trajectories can be recorded on significantly longer times.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
IRDIS, the dual-band imager camera of SPHERE: testing the performances in laboratory
Creators: name: Zurlo, A.
name: Vigan, A.
name: Moutou, C.
name: Mesa, D.
name: Gratton, R.
name: Langlois, M.
name: Beuzit, J. -L.
name: Costille, A.
name: Desidera, S.
name: Dolhen, K.
name: Gry, C.
name: Madec, F.
name: Mignant, D. Le
name: Mouillet, D.
name: Sauvage, J. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Next year the second generation instrument SPHERE will begin science operations at the Very Large Telecope (ESO). This instrument will be dedicated to the search for exoplanets through the direct imaging techniques, with the new generation extreme adaptive optics. In this poster, we present the performances of one of the focal instruments, the Infra-Red Dual-beam Imaging and Spectroscopy (IRDIS). All the results have been obtained with tests in laboratory, simulating the observing conditions in Paranal. We tested several configurations using the sub-system Integral Field Spectrograph (IFS) in parallel and simulating long coronographic exposures on a star, calibrating instrumental ghosts, checking the performance of the adaptive optics system and reducing data with the consortium pipeline. The contrast one can reach with IRDIS is of the order of 2\times 10^{-6}$ at 0.5 arcsec separation from the central star.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, IAU Symposium n 299 proceedings
Der geprellte Wucherer; 1849
Creators: name: Albrecht, ...
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Verlags-Eigenthum v. L. Mossbeck, Neubau Nro. 128. lith. v. Albrecht
Small $x$ Physics Beyond Eikonal Approximation: an Effective Hamiltonian Approach
Creators: name: Li, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the spin structure of hadrons in the small $x$ regime is an important direction to unravel the spin puzzle in hadronic physics. To include spin degrees of freedom in the small $x$ regime requires going beyond the usual eikonal approximation in high energy QCD. We developed an effective Hamiltonian approach to study spin related observables in the small $x$ regime using the shockwave formalism. The small-$x$ effective Hamiltonian incorporates both quark and gluon propagators in the background fields and the background field induced interaction vertices up to next-to-eikonal order. A novel feature of sub-eikonal interactions is the background gluon field induced gluon radiation inside the shockwave. Its relation to chromo-electrically polarized Wilson line correlator is established both in small $x$ helicity evolution and in longitudinal double-spin asymmetry for gluon production.
description: 45 pages, 7 figures
PHENIX Results on Nuclear Modification of Hadron Production in Small and Large Systems
Creators: name: Drees, Axel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: raa
small systems
nuclear
modification
p+au
d+au
3he+au
cu+au
u+u
p+al
run8
run12
run15
flow
invariant yield
π0
φ
kaon
hp20

description: Oral presentation at Hard Probes 2020
Surveillance Schemes: the GATT's New Trade Policy Review Mechanism
Creators: name: Mavroidis, Petros C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: International trade
subject: Commercial treaties
subject: International law
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This article describes and analyzes the current form of the Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM), and advances some proposals for its future formation. The article is divided into five parts: Part I deals with the origin and the objectives of the TPRM; Part II analyzes the TPRM scheme and its functioning thus far; Part III presents the legal underpinnings of the TPRM; Part IV reviews and compares the surveillance schemes of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) with the TPRM, since it is my belief that GATT's TPRM can draw some valuable lessons from the experience of other international organizations; and Part V sets forth conclusions and proposals to strengthen GATT's newly introduced surveillance scheme.
Additional file 1 of Climatic variations and Yersinia pestis host-vector abundance: a case study in Ankazobe district to understand plague epidemiology in Madagascar
Creators: name: Rasoamalala, Fanohinjanaharinirina
name: Fell, Henry G.
name: Maminirina, Lanto A.
name: Bodoarison, Zaina
name: Randriamiharisoa, Lalatiana O.
name: Randriamanantsoa, Mamy G.
name: Ramambason, Haingotiana R.
name: Andrianaivoarimanana, Voahangy
name: Harimalala, Mireille
name: Rajerison, Minoarisoa
name: Ramasindrazana, Beza
name: Atkinson, Steve
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Kinetics of the Multiferroic Switching in MnWO$_4$
Creators: name: Baum, M.
name: Leist, J.
name: Finger, Th.
name: Schmalzl, K.
name: Hiess, A.
name: Regnault, L. P.
name: Becker, P.
name: Bohaty, L.
name: Eckold, G.
name: Braden, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time dependence of switching multiferroic domains in MnWO$_4$ has been studied by time-resolved polarized neutron diffraction. Inverting an external electric field inverts the chiral magnetic component within rise times ranging between a few and some tens of milliseconds in perfect agreement with macroscopic techniques. There is no evidence for any faster process in the inversion of the chiral magnetic structure. The time dependence is well described by a temperature-dependent rise time suggesting a well-defined process of domain reversion. As expected, the rise times decrease when heating towards the upper boundary of the ferroelectric phase. However, switching also becomes faster upon cooling towards the lower boundary, which is associated with a first-order phase transition.
Singlet-triplet Crossover in the Two-dimensional Dimer Spin System YbAl3C3
Creators: name: Kittaka, Shunichiro
name: Sugiyama, Tomoyoshi
name: Shimura, Yasuyuki
name: Sakakibara, Toshiro
name: Matsuda, Saori
name: Ochiai, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-temperature magnetization (M) measurements down to 0.1 K have been performed in magnetic fields up to 14.5 T for a single piece of a tiny single-crystalline sample (0.2 mg weight) of the spin-gap system YbAl3C3. At the base temperature of 0.1 K, several metamagnetic transitions were clearly observed for H // c in the range 6 T < H < 9 T whereas only two transitions were observed, one at 4.8 T and the other at 6.6 T, for H // a. At fields above 9 T, the magnetization becomes almost saturated for both H // a and H // c. The present results indicate that a singlet-triplet crossover occurs in a relatively narrow field range, suggesting a rather weak interdimer interaction in spite of the nearly triangular lattice of Yb ions.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, proceedings of ICM 2012
Muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment in a low scale type I see-saw model
Creators: name: Dinh, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental results on muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment have shown a $4.2σ$ tension with the SM prediction, which has blown a fresh wind into the elementary particle physics community. The problem is believed to be explained only by physics beyond the standard model. Current work considers the anomalous moment in a scenario of models with mirror symmetry and type I see-saw mechanism at low energy scale of electroweak interactions. After a brief introduction to the model, a detailed numerical analysis of muon anomalous phenomenology will be carefully performed. Analysis results show that the model is not successful in explaining the muon moment problem, however the contributions of channels involving neutral Higgs scalars, including both the light and heavy ones, might provide sizable corrections to the discrepancy.
description: 17 pages, 2 tables, 6 figues, version published in Nuclear Physics B
Theoretical Electronic and Rovibrational Studies for Anions of Interest to the DIBs
Creators: name: Fortenberry, Ryan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dipole-bound excited state of the methylene nitrile anion (CH2CN-) has been suggested as a candidate carrier for a diffuse interstellar band (DIB) at 803.8 nm. Its corresponding radical has been detected in the interstellar medium (ISM), making the existence for the anion possible. This work applies state-of-the-art ab initio methods such as coupled cluster theory to reproduce accurately the electronic excitations for CH2CN- and the similar methylene enolate anion, CH2CHO-. This same approach has been employed to indicate that 19 other anions may possess electronically excited states, five of which are valence in nature. Concurrently, in order to assist in the detection of these anions in the ISM, work has also been directed towards predicting vibrational frequencies and spectroscopic constants for these anions through the use of quartic force fields (QFFs). Theoretical rovibrational work on anions has thus far included studies of CH2CN-, C3H-, and is currently ongoing for similar systems.
description: 5 pages, 2 tables; to appear in "The Diffuse Interstellar Bands" (proceedings of IAU Symposium No. 297, Eds. J. Cami and N. Cox); contributed talk
Using Brachypodium as a Model to Study Key Genes Regulating Reproductive Development in Temperate Grasses
Creators: name: Saada, Safia
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: MADS-box genes encode a family of transcription factors (TFs) that are central to reproductive development in plants. Within this family, C-class and D-class genes control the development of the third and the fourth whorls in flowers that contain the reproductive organs, stamens and carpel, respectively. Investigating the role of these genes in essential crops such as wheat and barley will provide new insights into the genetic and molecular control of the formation of floral organs and in grain development. This study aimed to investigate the roles of C and D class genes in the monocot grass model system, Brachypodium in comparison to wheat and barley. The first objective was to identify all MADS-box MIKC-type genes in four species (Brachypodium distachyon, Oryza sativa, Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare and Arabidopsis thaliana) and investigate their spatio-temporal expression patterns across developmental stages to suggest potential functions. The second objective was to investigate the effect of the loss-of-function of BdMADS3 from C-lineage, and BdMADS13 from the D-lineage on Brachypodium distachyon and try to select their potential targets.This study established that there was an expansion in some MADS-box genes families in wheat and barley. Also, these genes were expressed during grain development which may suggest roles here. The comparative quantitative expression of C and D-class genes showed a conserved pattern across the three species (Brachypodium, wheat and barley) in addition to their high expression during grain filling. This expression was localised in Brachypodium grain sections in the degenerating mesocarp prior and after anthesis, then in the cellularising syncytial endosperm at full length stage, and finally in the aleurone layer at maturity. Furthermore, our functional analysis of BdMADS3 and BdMADS13 in Brachypodium revealed they are essential for plant fertility and proper spikelet formation. Finally, differential expression showed that BdMADS13 might regulate the reactive oxygen species level at pre-anthesis stage.
Variability and Evolution in Systems of Systems
Creators: name: Botterweck, Goetz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this position paper (1) we discuss two particular aspects of Systems of Systems, i.e., variability and evolution. (2) We argue that concepts from Product Line Engineering and Software Evolution are relevant to Systems of Systems Engineering. (3) Conversely, concepts from Systems of Systems Engineering can be helpful in Product Line Engineering and Software Evolution. Hence, we argue that an exchange of concepts between the disciplines would be beneficial.
description: In Proceedings AiSoS 2013, arXiv:1311.3195
Das Verschwinden der Zwanziger im Jahre 1848; 1849
Creators: name: Albrecht, ...
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Verlags-Eigenthum v. L. Mossbeck, Neubau Nro. 128. lith. v. Albrecht
Hawking radiation of rotating BTZ Black hole based on modified dispersion relation and Rarita-Schwinger equation
Creators: name: Devi, Sapam Gayatri
name: Meitei, I. Ablu
name: Singh, T. Ibungochouba
name: Singh, Aheibam Keshwarjit
name: Singh, K. Yugindro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, tunneling of fermions from rotating BTZ black hole is investigated using modified dispersion relation (MDR) and Rarita-Schwinger equation. The effect of modified dispersion relation (MDR) on the tunneling of fermions rises the Hawking temperature of rotating BTZ black hole. It is observed that the modified Hawking temperature of the black hole depends not only on the radial parameters of the black hole but also on the angular parameters of the black hole and the coupling constant σ. Further, the entropy and the heat capacity of the black hole are also studied.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures and submitted to International Journal of Modern Physics A bearing revised manuscript number IJMPA-D-23-00039R1
Zusammentreffen zweier Rothmäntler von verschiedenen Kaliber; 1848
Creators: name: Lanzedelly, Karl
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Gez. u. lith. v. C. Lanzedelli Wieden Wienstrasse No. 883 in Wien. mit Vorbehalt des Nachdrucks
Taxonomy of Digital Cookies and Online Trackers
Creators: name: Shah, H.
name: Gialelis, Y.
name: Konstantinopoulos, I.
name: Lantavou, K.
name: Karakonstanti, A.
name: Rigler, D.
name: Stepankova, O.
name: Ignat, A.
name: Celentano, U.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: App investigations
AdTech
AppTrackingTransparency
Apple
Browser
Cookies
First-party;
FLoC
Google
Internet
Server
Third-party
Third-party requests
Tracking
Web investigations
World wide web
Zero-party.

description: This deliverable presents a classification of cookies and trackers and is aimed at the general public, including parents and teachers who can guide school pupils and children to safeguard their personal data. In this CSI-COP report, a taxonomy of the types and purposes of digital cookies and tracking techniques is detailed with examples from the project’s citizen scientists’ investigations of websites and apps. These include duration cookies (session; persistent) and cookies that help to measure the performance of a website or an app, as well as tracking tools for marketing and advertising purposes to observe our behaviour as we navigate across the internet. Readers are invited to review CSI-COP citizen scientists’ investigations available as open-access databases from the project’s website. Future work involves pulling together CSI-COP’s citizen scientists and project team members’ investigations into a searchable repository. This is currently under development and expected for launch in May 2023. The outcome of the taxonomy and the project is to instil an effort to avoid the temptation of ‘accepting cookies’ without knowing what these are.
description: This is the first of two deliverables from the project's work package 5. CSI-COP's taxonomy is a classification of the cookies and trackers found in the websites and apps the project's citizen scientists uncovered during their investigations. The next WP5 deliverable is expected in May 2023: an open-access repository of citizen scientists GDPR compliance investigations in websites and apps.
Iterative approach to the characteristic time for chemical reactions of type A + B ! C + D
Creators: name: Aldrovandi, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analytic solution for the kinetic description of binary reactions can be seen as the continuum version of a basic discrete iterate mapping. This fact allows a clear definition of the reaction characteristic time which takes the backward effect into account.
Loss of LIN-35, the Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of the tumor suppressor p105Rb, results in enhanced RNA interference
Creators: name: Lehner, Ben
name: Calixto, Andrea
name: Crombie, Catriona
name: Tischler, Julia
name: Fortunato, Angelo
name: Chalfie, Martin
name: Fraser, Andrew
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Caenorhabditis elegans
subject: Genomics
subject: RNA intereference
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Biology

description: Background: Genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screening is a very powerful tool for analyzing gene function in vivo in Caenorhabditis elegans. The effectiveness of RNAi varies from gene to gene, however, and neuronally expressed genes are largely refractive to RNAi in wild-type worms. Results: We found that C. elegans strains carrying mutations in lin-35, the worm ortholog of the tumor suppressor gene p105Rb, or a subset of the genetically related synMuv B family of chromatin-modifying genes, show increased strength and penetrance for many germline, embryonic, and post-embryonic RNAi phenotypes, including neuronal RNAi phenotypes. Mutations in these same genes also enhance somatic transgene silencing via an RNAi-dependent mechanism. Two genes, mes-4 and zfp-1, are required both for the vulval lineage defects resulting from mutations in synMuv B genes and for RNAi, suggesting a common mechanism for the function of synMuv B genes in vulval development and in regulating RNAi. Enhanced RNAi in the germline of lin-35 worms suggests that misexpression of germline genes in somatic cells cannot alone account for the enhanced RNAi observed in this strain. Conclusion: A worm strain with a null mutation in lin-35 is more sensitive to RNAi than any other previously described single mutant strain, and so will prove very useful for future genome-wide RNAi screens, particularly for identifying genes with neuronal functions. As lin-35 is the worm ortholog of the mammalian tumor suppressor gene p105Rb, misregulation of RNAi may be important during human oncogenesis.
Additional file 2 of Climatic variations and Yersinia pestis host-vector abundance: a case study in Ankazobe district to understand plague epidemiology in Madagascar
Creators: name: Rasoamalala, Fanohinjanaharinirina
name: Fell, Henry G.
name: Maminirina, Lanto A.
name: Bodoarison, Zaina
name: Randriamiharisoa, Lalatiana O.
name: Randriamanantsoa, Mamy G.
name: Ramambason, Haingotiana R.
name: Andrianaivoarimanana, Voahangy
name: Harimalala, Mireille
name: Rajerison, Minoarisoa
name: Ramasindrazana, Beza
name: Atkinson, Steve
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 2
New exact solutions in multi-scalar field cosmology
Creators: name: Russo, Jorge G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the method of the superpotential to derive exact solutions describing inflationary cosmologies in multi-field models. An example that describes a solution that interpolates between two de Sitter universes is described in detail. New analytical solutions for axion-dilaton cosmologies are also presented.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures. V3 Expanded (new sections and references added). Published version in JCAP
RIGHT TO FOOD IN TIMES OF CRISIS: LEGAL RESPONSES AND CHALLENGES
Creators: name: Aakash Malik
name: Dr. Vinay Sharma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The right to food is a fundamental human right enshrined in international human rights instruments and national constitutions worldwide. However, this right faces severe challenges in times of crisis, such as natural disasters, armed conflicts, and pandemics. This research paper explores the legal responses and challenges associated with ensuring the right to food during these critical periods. The paper begins by examining the international legal framework surrounding the right to food and its applicability in crisis situations. It delves into the obligations of states under international treaties and the role of international organizations in assisting states in upholding this right. Through a comparative analysis of case studies from different regions and crises, the paper identifies the various legal mechanisms employed by states to address food insecurity during times of crisis. These mechanisms include emergency food distribution, humanitarian aid coordination, and legal safeguards for vulnerable populations. The research highlights the legal challenges encountered in ensuring the right to food in crisis situations. These challenges encompass issues of access, distribution, and accountability. The paper also discusses the ethical and human rights dilemmas faced by governments when balancing food security measures with civil liberties. The study reveals that while legal responses are in place, their effectiveness in safeguarding the right to food during crises varies significantly. Factors such as political will, resource allocation, and the level of preparedness greatly impact the outcomes.
Abundance analysis of the Gamma Doradus - Delta Scuti hybrid metallic line (Am) star HD 8801
Creators: name: Neuteufel, R.
name: Weiss, W.
name: Handler, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low frequency oscillation, typical for Gamma Doradus g-mode type stellar core sensitive pulsation, as well as higher frequency Delta Scuti type pulsation typical for p-modes, sensitive to the envelope, make HD 8801 a remarkable hybrid pulsator with the potential to probe a stellar structure over a wide range of radius. In addition HD 8801 is a rare pulsating metallic line (Am) star. We determined the astrophysical fundamental parameters to locate HD 8801 in the HR diagram. We analyzed the element abundances, paying close attention to the errors involved, and confirm the nature of HD 8801 as a metallic line (Am) star. We also determined an upper limit on the magnetic field strength. Our abundance analysis is based on classical techniques, but uses for the final step a model atmosphere calculated with the abundances determined by us. We also discuss spectropolarimetric observations obtained for HD 8801. This object is remarkable in several respects. It is a non-magnetic metallic line (Am) star, pulsating simultaneously in p- and g-modes, but also shows oscillations with periods in between these two domains, whose excitation requires explanation. Overall, the pulsational incidence in unevolved classical Am stars is believed to be quite low; HD 8801 does not conform to this picture. Finally, about 75% of Am stars are located in short-period binaries, but there is no evidence that HD 8801 has a companion.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables, plus two additional tables and figures each; accepted for publication in Astronomische Nachrichten
Biographieforschung als Zugang zu einer lesbisch-feministischen Befreiungstheologie
Creators: name: Söderblom, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Bd. 11 Nr. 1 (2004): Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Band 11, Heft 1
Tunneling Anisotropic Thermopower and Seebeck Effects in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions
Creators: name: López-Monís, Carlos
name: Matos-Abiague, Alex
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Tunneling Anisotropic Magneto-Thermopower (TAMT) and the Tunneling Anisotropic Spin-Seebeck (TASS) effects are studied for a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) composed of a ferromagnetic electrode, a zinc-blende semiconductor and a normal metal. We develop a theoretical model for describing the dependence of a thermally induced tunneling current across the MTJ on the in-plane orientation of the magnetization in the ferromagnetic layer. The model accounts for the specific Bychkov-Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions present in these systems, which are responsible for the $C_{2v}$ symmetry we find in the TAMT and the TASS.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Submitted for publication to Physical Review B
Electrostatic solitary waves in dusty pair-ion plasmas
Creators: name: Misra, A. P.
name: Adhikary, N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of electrostatic waves in an unmagnetized collisionless pair-ion plasma with immobile positively charged dusts is studied for both large- and small-amplitude perturbations. Using a two-fluid model for pair-ions, it is shown that there appear two linear ion modes, namely the "fast" and "slow" waves in dusty pair-ion plasmas. The properties of these wave modes are studied with different mass $(m)$ and temperature $(T)$ ratios of negative to positive ions, as well as the effects of immobile charged dusts $(δ)$. For large-amplitude waves, the pseudopotential approach is performed, whereas the standard reductive perturbation technique (RPT) is used to study the small-amplitude Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) solitons. The profiles of the pseudopotential, the large amplitude solitons as well as the dynamical evolution of KdV solitons are numerically studied with the system parameters as above. It is found that the pair-ion plasmas with positively charged dusts support the propagation of solitary waves (SWs) with only the negative potential. The results may be useful for the excitation of SWs in laboratory dusty pair-ion plasmas, electron-free industrial plasmas as well as for observation in space plasmas where electron density is negligibly small compared to that of negative ions.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures; To appear in Physics of Plasmas (2013); Citations for figures 8 to 11 are rectified in the revised version
Systems of Systems Modeled by a Hierarchical Part-Whole State-Based Formalism
Creators: name: Pazzi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper presents an explicit state-based modeling approach aimed at modeling Systems of Systems behavior. The approach allows to specify and verify incrementally safety and liveness rules without using model checking techniques. The state-based approach allows moreover to use the system behavior directly as an interface, greatly improving the effectiveness of the recursive composition needed when assembling Systems of Systems. Such systems are, at the same time, both parts and wholes, thus giving a formal characterization to the notion of Holon.
description: In Proceedings AiSoS 2013, arXiv:1311.3195
Near-wall diffusion tensor of an axisymmetric colloidal particle
Creators: name: Lisicki, Maciej
name: Cichocki, B
name: Wajnryb, E
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2016

description: Hydrodynamic interactions with confining boundaries often lead to drastic changes in the diffusive behaviour of microparticles in suspensions. For axially symmetric particles, earlier numerical studies have suggested a simple form of the near-wall diffusion matrix which depends on the distance and orientation of the particle with respect to the wall, which is usually calculated numerically. In this work, we derive explicit analytical formulae for the dominant correction to the bulk diffusion tensor of an axially symmetric colloidal particle due to the presence of a nearby no-slip wall. The relative correction scales as powers of inverse wall-particle distance and its angular structure is represented by simple functions in sines and cosines of the particle’s inclination angle to the wall. We analyse the correction for translational and rotational motion, as well as the translation-rotation coupling. Our findings provide a simple approximation to the anisotropic diffusion tensor near a wall, which completes and corrects relations known from earlier numerical and theoretical findings.
description: M.L. acknowledges support from the National Center of Science Grant No. 2012/07/N/ST3/03120. Part of the research has been conducted under a David Crighton Fellowship awarded to M.L. at the University of Cambridge, and within the Mobility Plus Fellowship awarded to M.L. by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education.
Twenty-Five Sub-Arcsecond Binaries Discovered By Lunar Occultations
Creators: name: Richichi, A.
name: Fors, O.
name: Cusano, F.
name: Moerchen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on 25 sub-arcsecond binaries, detected for the first time by means of lunar occultations in the near-infrared as part of a long-term program using the ISAAC instrument at the ESO Very Large Telescope. The primaries have magnitudes in the range K=3.8 to 10.4, and the companions in the range K=6.4 to 12.1. The magnitude differences have a median value of 2.8, with the largest being 5.4. The projected separations are in the range 6 to 748 milliarcseconds and with a median of 18 milliarcseconds, or about 3 times less than the diffraction limit of the telescope. Among our binary detections are a pre-main sequence star and an enigmatic Mira-like variable previously suspected to have a companion. Additionally, we quote an accurate first-time near-IR detection of a previously known wider binary. We discuss our findings on an individual basis as far as made possible by the available literature, and we examine them from a statistical point of view. We derive a typical frequency of binarity among field stars of ~10%, in the resolution and sensitivity range afforded by the technique (~0.003" to ~0.5", and K~12mag, respectively). This is in line with previous results by the same technique but we point out interesting differences that we can trace up to sensitivity, time sampling, and average distance of the targets. Finally, we discuss the prospects for further follow-up studies.
description: 8 Pages, 6 Figures, 2 Tables. Accepted for publication in AJ
Doha, Dohalf, or Dohaha? The WTO Licks Its Wounds
Creators: name: Mavroidis, Petros C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dispute resolution (Law)
subject: Doha Development Agenda
subject: Treaties
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: International law

description: The most flattering statement regarding the Doha Round is that there is a lot of uncertainty surrounding its fate. The Doha Round, as originally designed and understood, is not an option anymore. Although a formula has been found to keep the ball rolling, at this stage it is impossible to predict what direction it will take. There exists a lack of leadership to conclude the round and it suffers from inherent birth defects. This absence of a conclusion might send the wrong message at a moment when the WTO is emerging as the only genuine forum of multilateral cooperation. Though this is not the first trade round in the history of the multilateral trading system and definitely not the only one that is taking longer than planned to complete, it is the first time that the round risks being ditched altogether. In all previous rounds, which were essentially ‘business’ deals, trading nations managed to come up with an agreement in the end. This is the first time that they have announced ‘we do it for development’, and they now risk delivering nothing. Something has got to give at this stage, and we are running out of time as far as options regarding ‘deliverables’ are concerned. The accent has correctly been placed on priority issues for the bottom billion. The WTO, even if this effort succeeds, will have to face some tough tests in the near future arising from issues which were not at all addressed during the Doha Round.
SN 2020udy: a SN Iax with strict limits on interaction consistent with a helium-star companion
Creators: name: Maguire, Kate
name: Magee, Mark R.
name: Leloudas, Giorgos
name: Miller, Adam A.
name: Dimitriadis, Georgios
name: Pursiainen, Miika
name: Bulla, Mattia
name: De, Kishalay
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Perley, Daniel A.
name: Fremling, Christoffer
name: Karambelkar, Viraj R.
name: Nordin, Jakob
name: Reusch, Simeon
name: Schulze, Steve
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Terreran, Giacomo
name: Yang, Yi
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Groom, Steven L.
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
name: Lacroix, Leander
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Purdum, Josiah N.
name: Sharma, Yashvi
name: Smith, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early observations of transient explosions can provide vital clues to their progenitor origins. In this paper we present the nearby Type Iax (02cx-like) supernova (SN), SN 2020udy that was discovered within hours ($\sim$7 hr) of estimated first light. An extensive dataset of ultra-violet, optical, and near-infrared observations was obtained, covering out to $\sim$150 d after explosion. SN 2020udy peaked at -17.86$\pm$0.43 mag in the r band and evolved similarly to other 'luminous' SNe Iax, such as SNe 2005hk and 2012Z. Its well-sampled early light curve allows strict limits on companion interaction to be placed. Main-sequence companion stars with masses of 2 and 6 M$_\odot$ are ruled out at all viewing angles, while a helium-star companion is allowed from a narrow range of angles (140-180$^\circ$ away from the companion). The spectra and light curves of SN2020udy are in good agreement with those of the 'N5def' deflagration model of a near Chandrasekhar-mass carbon-oxygen white dwarf. However, as has been seen in previous studies of similar luminosity events, SN 2020udy evolves slower than the model. Broad-band linear polarisation measurements taken at and after peak are consistent with no polarisation, in agreement with the predictions of the companion-star configuration from the early light curve measurements. The host galaxy environment is low metallicity and is consistent with a young stellar population. Overall, we find the most plausible explosion scenario to be the incomplete disruption of a CO white dwarf near the Chandrasekhar-mass limit, with a helium-star companion.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Solid phase properties and crystallization in simple model systems
Creators: name: Turci, Francesco
name: Schilling, Tanja
name: Yamani, Mohammad Hossein
name: Oettel, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review theoretical and simulational approaches to the description of equilibrium bulk crystal and interface properties as well as to the nonequilibrium processes of homogeneous and heterogeneous crystal nucleation for the simple model systems of hard spheres and Lennard-Jones particles. For the equilibrium properties of bulk and interfaces, density functional theories employing fundamental measure functionals prove to be a precise and versatile tool, as exemplified with a closer analysis of the hard sphere crystalliquid interface. A detailed understanding of the dynamic process of nucleation in these model systems nevertheless still relies on simulational approaches. We review bulk nucleation and nucleation at structured walls and examine in closer detail the influence of walls with variable strength on nucleation in the Lennard-Jones fluid. We find that a planar crystalline substrate induces the growth of a crystalline film for a large range of lattice spacings and interaction potentials. Only a strongly incommensurate substrate and a very weakly attractive substrate potential lead to crystal growth with a non-zero contact angle.
Gravitational Waves as Cosmological Probes for New Physics between the Electroweak and the Grand-Unification Scale
Creators: name: Sagunski, Laura
name: DESY
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: Unveröffentlichte Hochschulschrift

description: Univ. Hamburg, Diplomarbeit, 2013; DESY Thesis (2013). = Univ. Hamburg, Diplomarbeit, 2013
description: Published by DESY, Hamburg
[Portrait von Alfred Fürst zu Windisch-Grätz]; [um 1850]
Creators: name: Mahlknecht, Karl
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Stahlstich v. C. Mahlknecht in Wien. St. Ullrich, Pelikangasse No. 23. 1. Stock, Thür No. 6
Polarised parton distribution functions and proton spin
Creators: name: Cheng, Peng
name: Yu, Yang
name: Xing, Hui-Yu
name: Chen, Chen
name: Cui, Zhu-Fang
name: Roberts, Craig D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supposing there exists an effective charge which defines an evolution scheme for both unpolarised and polarised parton distribution functions (DFs) that is all-orders exact and using Ansätze for hadron-scale proton polarised valence quark DFs, constrained by flavour-separated axial charges and insights from perturbative quantum chromodynamics, predictions are delivered for all proton polarised DFs at the scale $ζ_{\rm C}^2 = 3\,$GeV$^2$. The pointwise behaviour of the predicted DFs and, consequently, their moments, compare favourably with results inferred from data. Notably, flavour-separated singlet polarised DFs are small. On the other hand, the polarised gluon DF, $ΔG(x;ζ_{\rm C})$, is large and positive. Using our result, we predict $\int_{0.05}^1\,dx\,ΔG(x;ζ_{\rm C}) = 0.214(4)$ and that experimental measurements of the proton flavour-singlet axial charge should return $a_0^{\rm E}(ζ_{\rm C}) = 0.35(2)$.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Students’ Use of Representations in Solving Physics Problems: Complete and Incomplete Force Diagrams
Creators: name: Judyanto Sirait
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Physics concepts can be represented in many different forms such as verbal descriptions, sketches or pictures, graphs, diagrams, and equations. Force diagrams, or some say free body diagrams (FBDs), as physics representations are usually employed to teach and learn force concepts. Recent studies, which mostly have used quantitative approaches, indicate that the use of force diagrams can support or hinder students’ performance in solving physics problems. This study investigates students’ use of force diagrams when solving force problems. An interpretivist approach was implemented to answer four research questions including students’ views about physics problem solving, students’ views about representations, how students draw force diagrams when solving force problems, and students’ views about drawing force diagrams. For data collection, surveys and interviews were conducted involving university students. A problem solving survey and representations survey aimed to obtain students’ perceptions. Along with both surveys, two force problems were given to see students’ performance in solving problems including their diagrams. Some students were invited to participate in individual clinical interviews, and later in paired interviews to obtain students’ views about drawing force diagrams. The results show that most students viewed that mathematical knowledge as the most important element in solving physics problems and students often used representations for helping them to understand the problem and find the correct answer. Based on students’ solutions, diagrams were categorised as complete, incomplete, and inappropriate. Students who drew complete diagrams tended to gain the correct answers in contrast to students who drew inappropriate diagrams. An interesting finding is that some students could solve problems correctly with drawing incomplete diagrams. From interviews, students asserted some reasons for drawing diagrams including to find the sign and direction of forces and to support in selecting mathematical equations. They recognised that physics and mathematical concepts are important in drawing force diagrams.
The importance of non-photon noise in stellar spectropolarimetry. The spurious detection of a non-existing magnetic field in the A0 supergiant HD 92207
Creators: name: Bagnulo, Stefano
name: Fossati, Luca
name: Kochukhov, Oleg
name: Landstreet, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-resolution, Cassegrain mounted, FORS spectropolarimeter of the ESO Very Large Telescope is being extensively used for magnetic field surveys. Some of the new discoveries suggest that relatively strong magnetic fields may play an important role in numerous physical phenomena observed in the atmospheres as well as in the circumstellar environments of certain kinds of stars. We show in detail how small instabilities or data-reduction inaccuracies represent an alternative explanation for the origin of certain signals of circular polarisation published in recent years. With the help of analytical calculations we simulate the observation of a spectral line in spectropolarimetric mode, adding very small spurious wavelength shifts, which may mimic the effects of seeing variations, rapid variations of the stellar radial velocity, or instrument instabilities. As a case study, we then re-visit the FORS2 measurements that have been used to claim the discovery of a magnetic field in the A0 supergiant HD 92207. In addition, we present new observations of this star obtained with the HARPSpol instrument. Both calibration and science data show compelling evidence that photon-noise is not the only source of error in magnetic field measurements, especially in sharp spectral lines. Non-photon noise may be kept under control by accurate data reduction and quality controls. Our re-analysis of FORS2 observations of HD 92207 shows no evidence of a magnetic field, and we are able to reproduce the previous FORS detection only by degrading the quality of our wavelength calibration. Our HARPSpol spectropolarimetric measurements show no evidence of a magnetic field at the level of 10 G.
description: Accepted for publication by A&A. This new version replaces the original one to accommodate a request from Markus Schoeller, who wants his name removed from the acknowledgments. We have also implemented some minor changes to Figs. 4, 5, 6, 8
[Portrait von Joseph Graf Jellachich]; [um 1850]
Creators: name: Mahlknecht, Karl
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Stahlstich v. C. Mahlknecht in Wien. St. Ullrich, Pelikangasse No. 23. 1. Stock, Thür No. 6
Electromagnetic force distribution inside matter
Creators: name: Mansuripur, Masud
name: Zakharian, Armis R.
name: Wright, Ewan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Finite Difference Time Domain method, we solve Maxwell's equations numerically and compute the distribution of electromagnetic fields and forces inside material media. The media are generally specified by their dielectric permittivity epsilon(w) and magnetic permeability mu(w), representing small, transparent dielectric and magnetic objects such as platelets and micro-beads. Using two formulations of the electromagnetic force-density, one due to H. A. Lorentz [Collected Papers 2, 164 (1892)], the other due to A. Einstein and J. Laub [Ann, Phys. 331, 541 (1908)], we show that the force-density distribution inside a given object can differ substantially between the two formulations. This is remarkable, considering that the total force experienced by the object is always the same, irrespective of whether the Lorentz or the Einstein-Laub formula is employed. The differences between the two formulations should be accessible to measurement in deformable objects.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, 21 equations, 47 references