cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Policy Implications of Tariff Preferences in Rural Water Management: Insights from Chile
Creators: name: Fernández, Francisco J.
name: Vásquez-Lavín, Felipe
name: Rivera, Diego
name: Hernández, Francisco
name: Bopp, Carlos
name: Campos-Requena, Nélyda
name: Ponce, Roberto D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2024
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis

description: A tariff is a crucial tool for managing rural water supply services. It helps cover the costs of operation, maintenance, and repair, ensuring the sustainability of these services. Unfortunately, due to suboptimal tariff structures, rural water systems lack the financial liquidity to handle unforeseen events. This puts them in a difficult position, especially with the increasing water demand and resource scarcity driven by climate change. Therefore, adjusting the current tariff settings is necessary to achieve financial and operational sustainability, balancing cost recovery with other social, economic, and environmental objectives. This study aims to determine how pricing components, such as fixed charges and variable costs, influence consumer acceptability of different tariff systems. Using a choice experiment, we evaluated Chilean rural water consumers' preferences for different tariff schemes. The results show that individuals are highly conservative regarding the price structure. Participants preferred maintaining existing tariffs, consistently favoring the status quo over alternative tariff structures. Significantly, the likelihood of selecting a new tariff structure is influenced more by alterations in the variable component than by changes in the fixed price of water. These findings provide valuable insights for achieving a balanced and sustainable approach to rural water management and help policy designs.
CASA VERMELHA:  A ANTITESE ENTRE A PUREZA DA INFÂNCIA E A  EXPLORAÇÃO SEXUAL NO FILME ANJOS DO SOL
Creators: name: Waldimeiry Corrêa da Silva
name: Acácia Gardênia Santos Leli
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: SUMÁRIO: 1. Introdução; 2. A vida de “Maria, de Inês” e de outras “Marias” retratadas no filme Anjos do sol;  3. Da pobreza ao trabalho infantil: Analise jurídica de Anjos do sol; 4. A exploração sexual: uma das piores formas de trabalho infantil; 5. A violação da dignidade humana na perspectiva dos direitos humanos.
Bombus (Bombus) affinis Cresson 1863
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus affinis

description: Bombus (Bombus) affinis Cresson 1863
County records: Alcona, Allegan, Alpena, Barry, Benzie, Berrien, Branch, Calhoun, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Clinton, Emmet, Genesee, Gladwin, Grand Traverse, Gratiot, Hillsdale, Ingham, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kalkaska, Kent, Lapeer, Lenawee, Livingston, Macomb, Manistee, Marquette, Mason, Mecosta, Midland, Monroe, Montcalm, Montmorency, Newaygo, Oakland, Oceana, Ogemaw, Osceola, Ottawa, Saginaw, Sanilac, Shiawassee, St. Joseph, Tuscola, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne, Wexford.
Notes. The US Fish and Wildlife Service has approved this species for endangered status, after being sued for failing to act on a petition to list the species in an appropriate time frame. Although described as ‘uncommon’ in Michigan by Husband et al. (1980), Bombus affinis is relatively well represented in the LP historically as represented by specimens deposited at MSUC. Bombus affinis has suffered a catastrophic decline in population size (Giles & Ascher 2006; Cameron et al. 2011). No specimens are known from Michigan since 2000, but with extensive sampling effort (e.g., Cameron et al. 2011), a small number of recent specimens (since 2001) have been collected, photographed (see http://bugguide.net and http://bumblebeewatch.org), or observed in Ontario, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Minnesota, Ohio, Virginia, and Wisconsin. A specimen collected in 2013 from Toledo, Lucas Co., Ohio, less than 13 km south of the Michigan border (http://bumblebeewatch.org), suggests that this species may persist in southeastern Michigan.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Research and Post-war Economic Problems of Western Agriculture
Creators: name: Thomas, W. Preston
name: Blanch, George T.
name: Thomas, W. Preston
name: Blanch, George T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1945
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Proceedings of the Western Farm Economics Association Eighteenth Annual Meeting, Fort Collins, CO, June 27-29, 1945
Bombus (Bombus) terricola Kirby 1837
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus terricola

description: Bombus (Bombus) terricola Kirby 1837
County records: Alcona, Alger, Allegan, Alpena, Antrim, Arenac, Baraga, Bay, Benzie, Cass, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Clinton, Crawford, Delta, Dickinson, Emmet, Gladwin, Gogebic, Grand Traverse, Gratiot, Hillsdale, Houghton, Huron, Ingham, Ionia, Iosco, Iron, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kalkaska, Kent, Keweenaw, Lake, Leelanau, Lenawee, Livingston, Luce, Mackinac, Macomb, Manistee, Marquette, Mason, Mecosta, Menominee, Midland, Missaukee, Montcalm, Montmorency, Muskegon, Newaygo, Oakland, Oceana, Ogemaw, Ontonagon, Osceola, Oscoda, Otsego, Presque Isle, Roscommon, Saginaw, Schoolcraft, Shiawassee, St. Joseph, Tuscola, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne, Wexford.
Notes. Bombus terricola has undergone large contractions in its US distribution (Cameron et al. 2011) but with evidence of a recent partial recovery in some areas. Historically, the primarily northern species has been recorded throughout Michigan, but only rarely in the SLP (Husband et al. 1980). Recent collections examined are few and restricted to the NLP in Antrim, Leelanau, and Oceana Counties and Keweenaw County in the UP.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Bombus (Cullumanobombus) griseocollis
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus griseocollis

description: Bombus (Cullumanobombus) griseocollis (DeGeer 1773) (griseocollis group)
County records: Alcona, Allegan, Alpena, Arenac, Barry, Bay, Benzie, Berrien, Branch, Calhoun, Cass, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Clinton, Crawford, Delta, Dickinson, Eaton, Emmet, Genesee, Gladwin, Grand Traverse, Gratiot, Hillsdale, Huron, Ingham, Ionia, Iosco, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kalkaska, Kent, Lake, Lapeer, Leelanau, Lenawee, Livingston, Mackinac, Macomb, Manistee, Mason, Mecosta, Midland, Missaukee, Monroe, Montcalm, Montmorency, Muskegon, Newaygo, Oakland, Oceana, Ogemaw, Osceola, Oscoda, Otsego, Ottawa, Roscommon, Saginaw, Sanilac, Shiawassee, St. Clair, St. Joseph, Tuscola, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne, Wexford.
Notes. Nests are made at the surface (Plath 1927).
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Resident perceptions of natural resources between cities and across scales in the Pacific Northwest
Creators: name: Morzillo, Anita T.
name: Kreakie, Betty J.
name: Netusil, Noelwah R.
name: Yeakley, J. Alan
name: Ozawa, Connie P.
name: Duncan, Sally L.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2016
Subjects: human dimensions
landscape ecology
natural resources
Pacific Northwest
perceptions
urban ecosystems
land use
land-use planning

description: As the global population becomes increasingly urban, research is needed to explore how local culture, land use, and policy will influence urban natural resource management. We used a broad-scale comparative approach and survey of residents within the Portland (Oregon)-Vancouver (Washington) metropolitan areas, USA, two states with similar geographical and ecological characteristics, but different approaches to land-use planning, to explore resident perceptions about natural resources at three scales of analysis: property level (“at or near my house”), neighborhood (“within a 20-minute walk from my house”), and metro level (“across the metro area”). At the metro-level scale, nonmetric multidimensional scaling revealed that the two cities were quite similar. However, affinity for particular landscape characteristics existed within each city with the greatest difference generally at the property-level scale. Portland respondents expressed affinity for large mature trees, tree-lined streets, public transportation, and proximity to stores and services. Vancouver respondents expressed affinity for plentiful accessible parking. We suggest three explanations that likely are not mutually exclusive. First, respondents are segmented based on preferences for particular amenities, such as convenience versus commuter needs. Second, historical land-use and tax policy legacies may influence individual decisions. Third, more environmentally attuned worldviews may influence an individual’s desire to produce environmentally friendly outcomes. Our findings highlight the importance of acknowledging variations in residents’ affinities for landscape characteristics across different scales and locations because these differences may influence future land-use policies about urban natural resources.
description: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grants #0948983, #0948826, and #0949042, Oregon State University General Research Fund, Portland State University, and Reed College. Use of human subjects was approved by Oregon State University (IRB #5022), Portland State University (#111816), Washington State University (#12019), Reed College (#Netusil 2012), and University of Connecticut (#H14-194).
description: http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-08478-210314
Experimental Investigations and Theoretical/Empirical Analyses of Forced-Convective Boiling of Confined Impinging Jets and Flows through Annuli and Channels
Creators: name: Devahdhanush, V.S.
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Experimental methods in fluid flow, heat and mass transfer
Multiphysics flows (incl. multiphase and reacting flows)
Turbulent flows

description: This study comprises experimental investigations and theoretical/empirical analyses of three forced-convective (pumped) boiling schemes: (i) confined round single jet and jet array impingement boiling, and flow boiling through conventional-sized (ii) concentric circular annuli and (iii) rectangular channels. These schemes could be utilized in the thermal management of various applications including high-heat-flux electronic devices, power devices, electric vehicle charging cables, avionics, future space vehicles, etc.
Bombus (Cullumanobombus) rufocinctus Cresson 1863
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus rufocinctus

description: Bombus (Cullumanobombus) rufocinctus Cresson 1863 (rufocinctus group)
County records: Alger, Alpena, Baraga, Bay, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Emmet, Gladwin, Gogebic, Grand Traverse, Gratiot, Huron, Ingham, Iosco, Iron, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kalkaska, Kent, Keweenaw, Lapeer, Livingston, Luce, Mackinac, Manistee, Mason, Mecosta, Menominee, Midland, Missaukee, Montcalm, Montmorency, Muskegon, Oakland, Ogemaw, Osceola, Otsego, Presque Isle, Saginaw, Shiawassee, Tuscola, Washtenaw, Wayne, Wexford.
Notes. Nests are made both underground and at the surface. A highly variable species, uncommonly seen in the state.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Effectiveness of Moroccan public policies in promoting pro-poor growth
Creators: name: MAKHROUT Samir
name: CHOUKAR Elhoussain
name: EL HAMIDI Nabil
name: AIT HBIBI Amina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This study examines the impact of public policies on pro-poor growth in Morocco, focusing on five key areas. Using data from 2000 to 2022 and a robust least squares estimation methodology, the results show that public efforts to improve access to education, create jobs, redistribute income, promote financial inclusion, and enhance institutional quality all have a positive and significant impact on pro-poor growth. Improving access to education has a strongly positive effect on pro-poor growth, strengthening human capital and increasing productivity. Job creation shows a significant, albeit moderate, positive impact, highlighting the importance of investments in infrastructure and the labor market. Income redistribution through social and health expenditures also has a significant positive effect, improving the well-being of poor populations. Promoting financial inclusion shows a moderate positive effect, allowing disadvantaged populations to access financial services. The quality of institutions has a strongly positive impact, fostering political stability and transparency. Additionally, some control variables such as inflation and trade openness have a negative impact on pro-poor growth. High inflation erodes the purchasing power of poor households, and trade openness can exacerbate economic imbalances and inequalities. The management of public debt did not show a significant relationship with pro-poor growth in this model.
Bombus (Psithyrus) Lepeletier
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus

description: Subgenus Psithyrus Lepeletier
Biology. All members of this subgenus are social parasites of other bumble bees.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
A New Keynesian Model With Wealth In The Utility Function
Creators: name: Michaillat, Pascal
name: Saez, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: This paper extends the textbook New Keynesian model by introducing wealth, in the form of government bonds, in households' utility function. This extension modifies the properties of the New Keynesian IS curve: the real interest rate is now negatively related to output instead of being constant, equal to the time discount rate. As a result, when price rigidity and marginal utility of wealth are sufficient, the equilibrium admits a unique steady state, and this steady state is always a source, whether the economy is at the zero lower bound or away from it. These properties greatly simplify the analysis of the zero lower bound, and they eliminate several zero-lower-bound pathologies, such as the forward-guidance puzzle.
Bombus (Psithyrus) ashtoni
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus ashtoni

description: Bombus (Psithyrus) ashtoni (Cresson 1864) (bohemicus group)
County records: Alcona, Alger, Allegan, Alpena, Arenac, Baraga, Barry, Bay, Benzie, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Clinton, Crawford, Delta, Dickinson, Emmet, Gladwin, Gogebic, Grand Traverse, Gratiot, Houghton, Huron, Ingham, Iosco, Iron, Isabella, Kalamazoo, Kalkaska, Keweenaw, Lake, Leelanau, Lenawee, Livingston, Luce, Mackinac, Manistee, Marquette, Mason, Mecosta, Menominee, Midland, Missaukee, Montmorency, Oakland, Ogemaw, Ontonagon, Osceola, Oscoda, Otsego, Presque Isle, Roscommon, Schoolcraft, Shiawassee, Washtenaw, Wexford.
Notes. Bombus ashtoni is a social parasite of B. affinis and B. terricola (Plath 1922, 1927). The severe declines in B. affinis and range contractions to the north of B. terricola (Cameron et al. 2011) imply even greater declines in B. ashtoni, decline of which was first noted in the late 1990s at Ithaca, Tompkins Co., New York by JSA (pers. obs.). To our knowledge, no specimen has been collected in Michigan since at least 1993 (OSUC record), but there has been a lack of recent collections in the UP and NLP where B. terricola is still present. Williams et al. (2014) treat B. ashtoni as a junior synonym of B. bohemicus Seidl, 1838, a relatively common species in the Palaearctic region. There are subtle differences between the two in male genitalia (Williams 1991), but DNA sequence data show few differences (Cameron et al. 2007; Williams et al. 2014). Because of this synonymy, Hatfield et al. (2016) list this species as data deficient due to the need for a global analysis, although the North American populations are recognized as critically endangered. Lack of recent records in both specimen and image databases (e.g., http:// bugguide.net) validates concern about the status of North American populations of this bee.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on pages 41-42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Bombus (Psithyrus) citrinus
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus citrinus

description: Bombus (Psithyrus) citrinus (Smith 1854) (citrinus group)
County records: Alger, Allegan, Alpena, Antrim, Arenac, Barry, Bay, Berrien, Calhoun, Cass, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clinton, Delta, Dickinson, Emmet, Genesee, Gladwin, Grand Traverse, Gratiot, Hillsdale, Huron, Ingham, Ionia, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kalkaska, Kent, Keweenaw, Lake, Lapeer, Lenawee, Livingston, Luce, Mackinac, Macomb, Marquette, Mecosta, Menominee, Midland, Missaukee, Monroe, Montcalm, Muskegon, Newaygo, Oakland, Oceana, Osceola, Oscoda, Otsego, Ottawa, Presque Isle, Roscommon, Saginaw, Schoolcraft, Shiawassee, St. Joseph, Tuscola, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne, Wexford.
Notes. Social parasite of B. impatiens, B. bimaculatus and B. vagans.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Bombus (Psithyrus) fernaldae
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus fernaldae

description: Bombus (Psithyrus) fernaldae (Franklin 1911) (sylvestris group)
County records: Alger, Alpena, Baraga, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Gogebic, Huron, Ingham, Kalamazoo, Keweenaw, Livingston, Luce, Marquette, Schoolcraft.
Notes. Social parasite of B. rufocinctus. No recent specimens examined, although it still occurs in the eastern United States. Williams et al. (2014) treat B. fernaldae as a junior synonym of B. flavidus Eversmann.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Farm Labor and Agricultural Policies
Creators: name: Duffy, Walter A.
name: King, Joe J.
name: Duffy, Walter A.
name: King, Joe J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1946
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Labor and Human Capital

description: Proceedings of the Western Farm Economics Association Ninteenth Annual Meeting, Gearhart, OR, June 26-28, 1946
DAÑOS PUNITIVOS:  LA VALIDEZ DEL INSTITUTO EN EL DERECHO PRIVADO  ARGENTINO
Creators: name: Leonardo A. Urruti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: Sumario: I. Introito. II. “Conceptualización de los daños punitivos”. III. Análisis de los argumentos críticos a la viabilidad de la figura en nuestro derecho. a. Enriquecimiento sin causa del damnificado. b. Naturaleza jurídica. ¿Figura penal o del derecho privado? c. Acerca de la vulneración de garantías constitucionales y necesidad de modificar el proceso civil para comprenderlas. d. Afectación del principio de legalidad. e. Posibilidad de doble punición por un mismo hecho (non bis in ídem).f. Arbitrariedad en su determinación o falta de criterios. g. Efecto social y económicamente negativo. IV. Conclusión.
Facets of Computation Platforms: From Conceptual Frameworks to Practical Instantiations
Creators: name: Khare, Rishabh
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Electronic and magnetic properties of condensed matter; superconductivity
Condensed matter physics not elsewhere classified
Statistical mechanics, physical combinatorics and mathematical aspects of condensed matter

description: We live in an age in which computation touches upon every aspect of our lives in ever increasing ways. To meet the demand for increased computing power and ability, new computation strategies are continually being proposed. In this dissertation, we consider two research projects related to two such cutting edge paradigms. We first consider developing superconducting devices that implement asynchronous reversible ballistic computation. This paradigm was developed to circumvent Landauer’s principle of a minimum energy required per bitwise computation operation. We report the design of a new device, the rotary, which is a critical step towards developing universal computation gates in the scheme of synchronous reversible ballistic computation. Next, we turn to the consideration of anyons which have been predicted to enable topological quantum computing, a quantum computing paradigm that is relatively immune to environmental noise. We consider initial steps in the development of a Bethe ansatz solvable model that will help decipher the many-body properties of Majorana zero modes in superconducting Kitaev wires.
Bombus (Psithyrus) insularis
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus insularis

description: Bombus (Psithyrus) insularis (Smith 1861) (citrinus group)
County records: Alger, Alpena, Baraga, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Crawford, Delta, Emmet, Ingham, Kalamazoo, Luce, Mackinac, Marquette, Menominee, Schoolcraft.
Notes. Social parasite of B. fervidus, B. rufocinctus, B. ternarius and B. terricola. No recent specimens examined from Michigan, and the species has evidently declined more generally in its limited (northern) historical range in the eastern United States, although it remains numerous further north in Canada and further west in North America.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Bombus (Pyrobombus) bimaculatus Cresson 1863
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus bimaculatus

description: Bombus (Pyrobombus) bimaculatus Cresson 1863 (lapponicus group)
County records: Allegan, Alpena, Antrim, Arenac, Barry, Berrien, Branch, Calhoun, Cass, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Eaton, Emmet, Gladwin, Grand Traverse, Gratiot, Hillsdale, Huron, Ingham, Ionia, Iosco, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kent, Leelanau, Lenawee, Livingston, Mackinac, Macomb, Manistee, Mason, Mecosta, Midland, Missaukee, Monroe, Montcalm, Oakland, Oceana, Oscoda, Ottawa, Presque Isle, Roscommon, Saginaw, Schoolcraft, Shiawassee, St. Clair, St. Joseph, Tuscola, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne, Wexford.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Some Extension Service Functions in Economic, Statistical, and Marketing Information
Creators: name: Breithaupt, L.R.
name: Breithaupt, L.R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1946
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Proceedings of the Western Farm Economics Association Ninteenth Annual Meeting, Gearhart, OR, June 26-28, 1946
Bombus (Pyrobombus) frigidus Smith 1854
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus frigidus

description: Bombus (Pyrobombus) frigidus Smith 1854 (pratorum group)
County records: None.
Notes. This is an alpine/boreal species recorded from Michigan based on misidentified specimens, but it may nevertheless occur in the state. Milliron (1939) included specimens from Isle Royale identified by Frison as B. frigidus var. couperi. These were re-examined by JG (MSUC, INHS) and were determined to be B. sandersoni, which is consistent with the couperi epithet being a junior synonym of B. sandersoni. Wolf & Ascher (2009) record this species from Oneida County, Wisconsin, which is directly south of Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. Laverty & Harder (1988) also map this species to the Thunder Bay area of Ontario, very near Isle Royale. The distribution of the species is such that the UP is likely part of its southern range in the east (Williams et al. 2014).
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Geophysikalische Verfahren zur Strukturerkundung und Schwachstellenanalyse von Flussdeichen - ein Handbuch
Creators: name: Lewis, Ronald
name: Niederleithinger, Ernst
name: Weller, Andreas
Publisher: name: BAM; Technische Informationsbibliothek u. Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Flussdeich
subject: Schwachstellenanalyse
subject: Engineering
subject: ZI 6755
subject: 56.30 Wasserbau

description: Forschungsbericht // Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung; 281
Bombus (Pyrobombus) impatiens Cresson 1863
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus impatiens

description: Bombus (Pyrobombus) impatiens Cresson 1863 (lapponicus group)
County records: Alcona, Allegan, Alpena, Antrim, Barry, Bay, Benzie, Berrien, Branch, Calhoun, Cass, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Clare, Clinton, Crawford, Eaton, Emmet, Genesee, Gladwin, Grand Traverse, Gratiot, Hillsdale, Huron, Ingham, Ionia, Iosco, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kent, Lake, Lapeer, Leelanau, Lenawee, Livingston, Mackinac, Macomb, Manistee, Mason, Mecosta, Menominee, Midland, Missaukee, Monroe, Montcalm, Muskegon, Newaygo, Oakland, Oceana, Osceola, Ottawa, Saginaw, Sanilac, St. Clair, St. Joseph, Tuscola, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne, Wexford.
Notes. Bombus impatiens is often the most common wild pollinator of agricultural crops in Michigan. It is abundant as queens and workers in spring crops such as apple, blueberry and tart cherry (Gibbs et al. 2016; Russo et al. 2015) and the workers visit field crops such as cucumber and pumpkin (Artz & Nault 2011; Petersen et al. 2013; Smith et al. 2013). It nests underground (Plath 1922). Commercially produced colonies of this species are available, with a production facility located in Michigan.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Bombus (Pyrobombus) perplexus Cresson 1863
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus perplexus

description: Bombus (Pyrobombus) perplexus Cresson 1863 (hypnorum group)
County records: Alcona, Alger, Allegan, Alpena, Antrim, Baraga, Barry, Benzie, Calhoun, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Delta, Dickinson, Emmet, Gladwin, Gogebic, Gratiot, Hillsdale, Houghton, Huron, Ingham, Iosco, Iron, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kent, Keweenaw, Lapeer, Leelanau, Lenawee, Livingston, Luce, Mackinac, Manistee, Marquette, Mason, Mecosta, Missaukee, Montcalm, Montmorency, Oakland, Oceana, Ontonagon, Osceola, Oscoda, Ottawa, Saginaw, Schoolcraft, Shiawassee, St. Clair, Van Buren, Washtenaw.
Notes. Nests at surface and in hollow of trees and logs.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Bombus (Pyrobombus) sandersoni Franklin 1913
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus sandersoni

description: Bombus (Pyrobombus) sandersoni Franklin 1913 (pratorum group)
County records: Alger, Baraga, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Keweenaw, Marquette.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
EXPERIMENTS AND MODELING OF WALL NUCLEATION IN SUBCOOLED BOILING FLOW
Creators: name: Zhao, Yang
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other engineering not elsewhere classified

description: To improve the prediction of two-phase local structure and heat transfer in subcooled boiling flow, the wall nucleation phenomenon was studied to accurately model the wall source term in the interfacial area transport equation (IATE) for the use with the two-fluid model. The existing experimental datasets and modeling works of departure diameter, departure frequency and active nucleation site density were comprehensively reviewed. Since these parameters are coupled in the bubble ebullition cycles, simultaneous measurements of departure diameter, departure frequency and active nucleation site density were performed in a vertical annular test section. The ranges of the existing experimental database were extended to high pressure and high heat flux conditions. The stochastic characteristics of the departure diameter and departure frequency measured from a single nucleation site and over multiple nucleation sites were investigated. Significant variations between different nucleation sites were observed. A parametric study of departure diameter, departure frequency and nucleation site density were conducted at varying system pressure, heat flux, flow rate and subcooling conditions. The existing models of these parameters were evaluated with the experimental dataset of the existing and the present works. Significant discrepancies were observed between model predictions and experimental data, which indicates that the mechanism of nucleate boiling is not fully understood. The heat flux partitioning model was also evaluated. The results show that the heat flux at high pressure or low flow rate conditions was significantly underestimated. This may suggest that major heat transfer mechanisms are missing in the heat flux partitioning model.
Bombus (Pyrobombus) ternarius Say 1837
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus ternarius

description: Bombus (Pyrobombus) ternarius Say 1837 (lapponicus group)
= Bombus ternarius var. expallidus Cockerell 1916: 9. (Michigan holotype; Fig. 7D)
Holotype. ♀ USA: Michigan: Schoolcraft Co.: Floodwood, 20 Jul. 1915, F.M. Gaige (NMNH: 40085).
County records: Alcona, Alger, Alpena, Arenac, Baraga, Benzie, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Crawford, Delta, Dickinson, Emmet, Gladwin, Gogebic, Grand Traverse, Gratiot, Houghton, Huron, Ingham, Iosco, Iron, Kalkaska, Kent, Keweenaw, Leelanau, Luce, Mackinac, Marquette, Mason, Mecosta, Menominee, Midland, Missaukee, Montcalm, Montmorency, Oakland, Oceana, Ogemaw, Ontonagon, Oscoda, Otsego, Presque Isle, Roscommon, Saginaw, Schoolcraft, Shiawassee, Van Buren, Wayne, Wexford.
Notes. The holotype of B. t. expallidus differs from most B. ternarius in having metasomal terga 2 and 3 entirely yellow (Cockerell 1916; Williams et al. 2014). Bumble bees routinely vary in color due to both genetic variation and wear, and it is not currently recognized as a valid taxon.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on pages 43-44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
The Relation of Management and Conservation of' Natural Resources Soil, Water, Vegetal Cover and Wild Life - to a Regional Economy
Creators: name: Dwyer, Carroll H.
name: Dwyer, Carroll H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1947
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Proceedings of the Western Farm Economics Association Twentieth Annual Meeting, Logan UT, June 25-27, 1947
Bombus (Pyrobombus) vagans subsp. vagans vagans Smith 1854
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus vagans
Bombus (pyrobombus) vagans vagans smith 1854

description: Bombus (Pyrobombus) vagans vagans Smith 1854 (vagans group)
County records: Alcona, Alger, Allegan, Alpena, Antrim, Arenac, Baraga, Barry, Bay, Benzie, Berrien, Branch, Calhoun, Cass, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Clinton, Crawford, Delta, Dickinson, Eaton, Emmet, Genesee, Gladwin, Gogebic, Grand Traverse, Gratiot, Hillsdale, Huron, Ingham, Iosco, Iron, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kalkaska, Kent, Keweenaw, Lake, Lapeer, Leelanau, Lenawee, Livingston, Luce, Mackinac, Macomb, Manistee, Marquette, Mason, Mecosta, Menominee, Midland, Missaukee, Monroe, Montcalm, Montmorency, Muskegon, Newaygo, Oakland, Oceana, Ogemaw, Ontonagon, Osceola, Oscoda, Otsego, Ottawa, Presque Isle, Roscommon, Saginaw, Schoolcraft, Shiawassee, St. Joseph, Tuscola, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne, Wexford.
Notes. Nests underground and at surface (Plath 1922).
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
New Methods in Marketing Fruits and Vegetables
Creators: name: Calhoun, Wendell T.
name: Calhoun, Wendell T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1947
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Proceedings of the Western Farm Economics Association Twentieth Annual Meeting, Logan UT, June 25-27, 1947
The Transition From a Seller's to a Buyer's Market for Dairy Products
Creators: name: Lee, Gerald A.
name: Lee, Gerald A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1947
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Proceedings of the Western Farm Economics Association Twentieth Annual Meeting, Logan UT, June 25-27, 1947
Bombus (Subterraneobombus) borealis Kirby 1837
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus borealis

description: Bombus (Subterraneobombus) borealis Kirby 1837
County records: Alcona, Alger, Alpena, Arenac, Baraga, Barry, Bay, Benzie, Berrien, Calhoun, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Clinton, Delta, Dickinson, Eaton, Emmet, Grand Traverse, Houghton, Huron, Ingham, Iosco, Iron, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Keweenaw, Lake, Leelanau, Lenawee, Livingston, Mackinac, Manistee, Marquette, Mason, Mecosta, Menominee, Midland, Missaukee, Montmorency, Oakland, Oceana, Ontonagon, Osceola, Otsego, Ottawa, Presque Isle, Saginaw, Schoolcraft, St. Clair, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wexford.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Bombus (Thoracobombus) fervidus
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus fervidus

description: Bombus (Thoracobombus) fervidus (Fabricius 1798) (pensylvanicus group)
County records: Alcona, Alger, Allegan, Alpena, Arenac, Barry, Bay, Benzie, Berrien, Branch, Calhoun, Cass, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Clinton, Crawford, Delta, Dickinson, Eaton, Emmet, Genesee, Gladwin, Gogebic, Grand Traverse, Gratiot, Hillsdale, Huron, Ingham, Ionia, Iosco, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kalkaska, Kent, Lake, Lapeer, Leelanau, Lenawee, Livingston, Luce, Mackinac, Macomb, Manistee, Mason, Mecosta, Menominee, Midland, Missaukee, Monroe, Montcalm, Muskegon, Newaygo, Oakland, Oceana, Ogemaw, Ontonagon, Osceola, Otsego, Ottawa, Presque Isle, Roscommon, Saginaw, Sanilac, Schoolcraft, Shiawassee, St. Joseph, Tuscola, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne, Wexford.
Notes. Nest locations may be above or below ground (Plath 1922).
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Comments on the Report of the Agricultural Policy Committee
Creators: name: Robertson, C.E.
name: Elkinton, Charles M.
name: Halcrow, Harold G.
name: Tapp, Jesse W.
name: Robertson, C.E.
name: Elkinton, Charles M.
name: Halcrow, Harold G.
name: Tapp, Jesse W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1948
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Proceedings of the Western Farm Economics Association Twenty-first Annual Meeting, Davis, CA, June 23-25, 1948
Bombus (Thoracobombus) pensylvanicus
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus pensylvanicus

description: Bombus (Thoracobombus) pensylvanicus (DeGeer 1773) (pensylvanicus group)
County records: Alger, Allegan, Alpena, Arenac, Barry, Bay, Benzie, Berrien, Branch, Calhoun, Cass, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Clinton, Eaton, Gladwin, Gogebic, Hillsdale, Huron, Ingham, Ionia, Iosco, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kent, Lapeer, Lenawee, Livingston, Macomb, Manistee, Mason, Mecosta, Midland, Monroe, Muskegon, Newaygo, Oakland, Oceana, Otsego, Saginaw, Sanilac, Shiawassee, St. Clair, St. Joseph, Tuscola, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne.
Notes. No recent specimens examined. Bombus pensylvanicus is evidently a declining species in the northern extent of its historical range (Grixti et al. 2009), but is still commonly seen in the south and western part of its range (Cameron et al. 2011; many recent records at http://bugguide.net/node/view/65631).
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on pages 44-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Eucera (Synhalonia) Patton
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Eucera

description: Subgenus Synhalonia Patton
Revision: Timberlake (1969)
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Motor fitness profiling of elite and novice karate practitioners
Creators: name: Keshishian, Hovik
Publisher: name: Australian Catholic University
Year: 2013

description: Despite the popularity of karate as a sport and its rise to Olympic status, evidence-based data to guide approaches to talent identification/development and training practices are lacking. Thus, the aims of this study were to assess in elite and novice karate practitioners: (i) general and karate-specific motor fitness characteristics that discriminate these two groups; (ii) the energetic demands of karate sparring; and (iii) decrements in performance following simulated karate sparring. Elite male national and international sparring competitors (black belt and above; N=12) were compared to a group of novice karate participants (green belt and lower; N=12). Between the groups, there were differences in punching power (P<0.05), punching speed (P<0.01), karate agility (P<0.05), seated lateral leg flexibility (P<0.01), sit and reach flexibility (P<0.05), static balance (P<0.01), Margaria-Kalamen power test (P<0.05), peak arm ergometer cadence (P<0.001), and Wingate peak power (P<0.05), with no differences in or Wingate mean power. Results from the discriminate analysis identified that general motor fitness and karate-specific tests discriminated karate sparring abilities with almost equal effectiveness, with the discriminant analysis stepwise method showing that punching speed and seated lateral leg flexibility have the best capacity to differentiate elite from novice practitioners. Measures of oxygen consumption during a three-minute bout of simulated sparring showed a similar average aerobic relative demand between groups (elite: 61% ; novice: 63% ; P=0.79; effect size = 0.08), while peak values for the elite group (68% ) were lower than the novice group (80% ; P=0.07; effect size = -0.88). Fatigue from simulated sparring resulted in elite and novice participants displaying decreases in punching speed and punching power, increases in punching response time to a stimulus, and increased blood lactate concentrations. While elite participants still performed better in these measures post sparring, the reductions in performance occurred at similar rates, except for a greater relative loss in punching speed in the elite group. Taken together, the data suggest that both general and karate-specific motor fitness characteristics related to peak anaerobic power, agility and flexibility can discriminate between elite and novice practitioners. Assessment of these qualities, together with an understanding of energy utilisation and fatigue decrements during sparring, may assist in (i) identifying and/or developing talent at early stages of karate participation, and (ii) designing training programs that focus on performance characteristics that best discriminate between elite and novice karate practitioners, to optimise karate sparring preparation for all standards of participant.
Comparison of a single versus a four intradermal sterile water injection technique for the relief of lower back pain for women in labour: A mixed methods study
Creators: name: Lee, Nigel
Publisher: name: Australian Catholic University
Year: 2013

description: Significant back pain is often experienced by women in labour and may increase the need for pharmacological pain relief, often with associated side effects including excessive sedation and restriction to mobility. Sterile water injections (SWIs) are a simple, safe, effective, non-pharmacological technique for relieving back pain in labour; however, the number of injections required to achieve optimal analgesia is unknown. Furthermore, administration of SWI causes a brief, but intense, pain which may influence the acceptability of the procedure to labouring women. There is limited data from previous trials on how women view SWI, and the benefits of this particular analgesic option, versus the pain associated with administration. No previous studies have examined how midwives regard the prospect of causing pain to labouring women; albeit to relieve pain. The aim of this research was to determine if a single injection of sterile water was clinically similar to four injections in terms of degree of analgesia and to examine the experiences of labouring women and midwives receiving, and administering, SWIs...