cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hydrate formation in natural environment
Creators: name: Zatsepina, Olga
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A quantitative understanding of hydrate formation and dissociation in the sea floor requires detailed knowledge of the phase equilibrium between hydrate and sea water. An important factor is the concentration of dissolved gas in the pore fluid. The gas concentration required to form hydrate is examined by evaluating equilibrium concentration of dissolved gas (or solubility) when hydrate is present. The theoretical calculations predict how the solubility varies as a function of pressure, temperature and salinity. The calculations of gas solubility in sea water are used to predict the rate and distribution of hydrate formation and dissociation in the sea floor. When hydrate forms in the natural environment kinetics of the phase transition is important. Since hydrate formation occurs by means of nucleation and growth, an excess energy is required to overcome a nucleation barrier. The energy needed to initiate nucleation is expected to be bigger at low gas concentrations. Consequently, the formation of hydrate in marine sediments in the absence of bulk gas is sometimes questioned. Our experiments are the first to show that hydrate can form in porous media under realistic conditions when free gas is absent. The experimental results provide good evidence that hydrate should nucleate and grow from dissolved methane in fluids that migrate toward the sea floor from below. The concentration of gas required to form hydrate in the sea floor is found to be significantly lower than the concentration needed to form gas bubbles. Our experimental evidence for lower gas concentrations during hydrate formation imposes less stringent requirements on the biogenic sources of methane. Nucleation characteristics recovered from our experimental data are used to extrapolate to conditions in the sea floor. The results show that the position where hydrate is expected to nucleate occurs tens to hundreds of meters above the base of the stability zone. In summary, this study proves on thermodynamic ground that hydrate can form from solution. Second, it shows that although nucleation is the rate limiting step in hydrate formation, it should not impede the process in the ocean floor. Nucleation is expected when methane migrates from depth because the hydrate stability zones is deep enough to ensure that a sufficient overcooling can be achieved in the sediments. The study also suggests that local equilibrium in the immediate vicinity of hydrate crystals is readily established and that the kinetics of growth and dissociation is mainly limited by diffusion of gas when hydrate forms from aqueous solution.
title: Pancreaticopleural fistula; case report and literature review of imaging findings
Creators: name: Hanin, Sacha
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Pancreas
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: MR-Cholangiography
subject: Cholangiography
subject: Fistula

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
To discuss characteristics of pancreaticopleural fistulas (PPF) on cross-sectional imaging and to increase the awareness of PPF in patients with chronic pancreatitis presenting with recurrent pleural...
Ab initio calculations of quantum light-matter interactions in general electromagnetic environments
Creators: name: Svendsen, Mark Kamper
name: Thygesen, Kristian Sommer
name: Rubio, Angel
name: Flick, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emerging field of strongly coupled light-matter systems has drawn significant attention in recent years due to the prospect of altering physical and chemical properties of molecules and materials. Because this emerging field draws on ideas from both condensed-matter physics and quantum optics, it has attracted attention from theoreticians from both fields. While the former employ accurate descriptions of the electronic structure of the matter the description of the electromagnetic environment is often oversimplified. Contrastingly, the latter often employs sophisticated descriptions of the electromagnetic environment, while using simple few-level approximations for the matter. Both approaches are problematic because the oversimplified descriptions of the electronic system are incapable of describing effects such as light-induced structural changes, while the oversimplified descriptions of the electromagnetic environments can lead to unphysical predictions because the light-matter interactions strengths are misrepresented. Here we overcome these shortcomings and present the first method which can quantitatively describe both the electronic system and general electromagnetic environments from first principles. We realize this by combining macroscopic QED (MQED) with Quantum Electrodynamical Density-functional Theory. To exemplify this approach, we consider an absorbing spherical cavity and study the impact of different parameters of both the environment and the electronic system on the transition from weak-to-strong coupling for different aromatic molecules. As part of this work, we also provide an easy-to-use tool to calculate the cavity coupling strengths for simple cavity setups. Our work is a step towards parameter-free ab initio calculations for strongly coupled quantum light-matter systems and will help bridge the gap between theoretical methods and experiments in the field.
Mechanical Model for Relativistic Blast Waves and Stratified Fireballs
Creators: name: Uhm, Z.
name: Beloborodov, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple mechanical model for relativistic explosions with both forward and reverse shocks, which allows one to do fast calculations of GRB afterglow. The blast wave in the model is governed by pressures P_F and P_R at the forward and reverse shocks. We show that the simplest assumption P_F=P_R is in general inconsistent with energy conservation law. The model is applied to GRBs with non-uniform ejecta. Such "stratified fireballs" are likely to emerge with a monotonic velocity profile after an internal-shock stage. We calculate the early afterglow emission expected from stratified fireballs.
description: to be published in AIP Conference Proceedings "Gamma Ray Bursts in the Swift Era," Nov. 29 - Dec. 2, 2005, Washington, DC
Analyzing Growth and Welfare Effects of Public Policies in Models of Endogenous Growth with Human Capital: Evidence from South Africa
Creators: name: Badibanga, Thaddee Mutumba
name: Badibanga, Thaddee Mutumba
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Fiscal Policy
subject: Government Expenditures and Education
subject: Growth Model

description: Since the abolition of its Apartheid regime in 1994, South Africa has launched a massive program of education, which has been financed through resources representing on average 21% of the national budget or 7% of GDP. Today, the GDP share of public spending on education is 1.3 times the average of industrialized countries (5.4%) and almost twice that of developing countries (3.9%). In this paper, we simulate fiscal policy experiments to analyze the growth and welfare effects of a shift in the allocation of government expenditures between public spending on education and transfers as well as those of a change in the tax rate in a model of endogenous growth with human capital accumulation for the South African economy. The results of simulations demonstrate that a shift in the allocation of fiscal resources between educational spending and transfers does not affect the long run allocation decisions. In the transition, however, this shift generates a negative effect on the rate of growth of GDP. In fact, a reallocation of expenditures shifts resources away from saving and toward consumption, and translate into lower rate of growth but higher welfare. Nonetheless, these growth and welfare effects are very small. On the other hand, a tax cut generates growth effects in the long run as well as in transition. In fact, reducing or cutting the tax rate in the long run lowers the interest rate, which in turn creates disincentives for saving and results in low rate of growth of GDP. However, in the transition, it reduces or removes distortions and translates into high work effort, high accumulation of human capital, and thus high rate of growth of GDP. Nonetheless, its welfare effect is negative.
ภาษาที่ใช้ในการตั้งชื่อของชาวไทลื้อ 2 กลุ่มอายุ ที่อำเภอภูซาง จังหวัดพะเยา
Creators: name: พรทิพย์ เฉิดฉินนภา
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2014
Subjects: -

description: วรรณวิทัศน์, 14, พฤศจิกายน, 83-106
title: Imaging evaluation of oculomotor nerve (CN III) palsy: a pictorial review
Creators: name: Yang, Yi Xian Cassandra
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: MR
subject: Other
subject: Inflammation
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
To review the radiological anatomy of the oculomotor nerve, and to describe the possible aetiologies of oculomotor nerve palsy on magnetic resonance imaging...
Interim Performance Report Experimental Use of Thermoplastic Pavement-Striping Materials
Creators: name: Scott, John W.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1966
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The purposes and objectives of this study are: 1) to evaluate the application and performance characteristics of hot-melt plastic, pavement-striping materials which are presently prominent and known commercially as "Catatherm" and "Perma-Line"; 2) to compare the performance of these materials with the performance of painted stripes applied and renewed according to the current practices of the Kentucky Department of Highways; and 3) to evaluate the economics of these striping materials in terms of cost per mile per day of useful life. The project is described more fully in the "Proposal ... " (approved by Division Engineer, September 7, 1962) and in Report No. 1 (pre-Construction Report) submitted September 19, 1962. Report No. 2 (Interim Construction Report) was submitted in April, 1963; and Report No. 3 (Final Construction and Interim Performance Report) was submitted May 15, 1964. Attachment No. 1 shows the location of the test sites.
Mixed Max-and-Min Fractional Programming for Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Chen, Yannan
name: Zhao, Licheng
name: Shen, Kaiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fractional programming (FP) plays a crucial role in wireless network design because many relevant problems involve maximizing or minimizing ratio terms. Notice that the maximization case and the minimization case of FP cannot be converted to each other in general, so they have to be dealt with separately in most of the previous studies. Thus, an existing FP method for maximizing ratios typically does not work for the minimization case, and vice versa. However, the FP objective can be mixed max-and-min, e.g., one may wish to maximize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the legitimate receiver while minimizing that of the eavesdropper. We aim to fill the gap between max-FP and min-FP by devising a unified optimization framework. The main results are three-fold. First, we extend the existing max-FP technique called quadratic transform to the min-FP, and further develop a full generalization for the mixed case. Second. we provide a minorization-maximization (MM) interpretation of the proposed unified approach, thereby establishing its convergence and also obtaining a matrix extension; another result we obtain is a generalized Lagrangian dual transform which facilitates the solving of the logarithmic FP. Finally, we present three typical applications: the age-of-information (AoI) minimization, the Cramer-Rao bound minimization for sensing, and the secure data rate maximization, none of which can be efficiently addressed by the previous FP methods.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
title: Prevalence of hemoptysis in VQ diagnosed pulmonary embolism in a modern patient cohort
Creators: name: Lau, Han Xin
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: SPECT
subject: Other
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Epidemiology

description: Purpose
Methods and materials
Results
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Purpose:
Imaging for Pulmonary Embolism (PE) in hemoptysis is frequently requested in the Emergency Department or acute setting, despite being an uncommon cause at presentation (4.2%) in a recent prospective study [1]. The prevalence of hemoptysis in PE...
Thermal Inflation and the Gravitational Wave Background
Creators: name: Easther, Richard
name: Giblin, John T.
name: Lim, Eugene A.
name: Park, Wan-Il
name: Stewart, Ewan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the impact of thermal inflation -- a short, secondary period of inflation that can arise in supersymmetric scenarios -- on the stochastic gravitational wave background. We show that while the primordial inflationary gravitational wave background is essentially unchanged at CMB scales, it is massively diluted at solar system scales and would be unobservable by a BBO style experiment. Conversely, bubble collisions at the end of thermal inflation can generate a new stochastic background. We calculate the likely properties of the bubbles created during this phase transition, and show that the expected amplitude and frequency of this signal would fall within the BBO range.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures; accepted for JCAP; a reference added; table reformatted
Exact and approximate continuous-variable gate decompositions
Creators: name: Kalajdzievski, Timjan
name: Quesada, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We gather and examine in detail gate decomposition techniques for continuous-variable quantum computers and also introduce some new techniques which expand on these methods. Both exact and approximate decomposition methods are studied and gate counts are compared for some common operations. While each having distinct advantages, we find that exact decompositions have lower gate counts whereas approximate techniques can cover decompositions for all continuous-variable operations but require significant circuit depth for a modest precision.
title: Roux-en-Y postoperative anatomy and complications; an imaging review.
Creators: name: Stanley, Benjamin
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: CT
subject: Surgery
subject: Acute

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
To understand the normal postoperative imaging findings following RYGB. To be familiar with some of the common, unique and rare anatomical complications following RYGB, and to be able to recognise imaging findings associated with these...
First tests of wavefront sensing with a constellation of laser guide beacons
Creators: name: Lloyd-Hart, M.
name: Baranec, C.
name: Milton, N. M.
name: Stalcup, T.
name: Snyder, M.
name: Putnam, N.
name: Angel, J. R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adaptive optics to correct current telescopes over wide fields, or future very large telescopes over even narrow fields, will require real-time wavefront measurements made with a constellation of laser beacons. Here we report the first such measurements, made at the 6.5 m MMT with five Rayleigh beacons in a 2 arcmin pentagon. Each beacon is made with a pulsed beam at 532 nm, of 4 W at the exit pupil of the projector. The return is range-gated from 20-29 km and recorded at 53 Hz by a 36-element Shack-Hartmann sensor. Wavefronts derived from the beacons are compared with simultaneous wavefronts obtained for individual natural stars within or near the constellation. Observations were made in seeing averaging 1.0 arcsec with 2/3 of the aberration measured to be from a ground layer of mean height 380 m. Under these conditions, subtraction of the simple instantaneous average of the five beacon wavefronts from the stellar wavefronts yielded a 40% rms reduction in the measured modes of the distortion over a 2 arcmin field. We discuss the use of multiple Rayleigh beacons as an alternative to single sodium beacons on 8 m telescopes, and the impact of the new work on the design of a multi-sodium beacon system for the 25 m Giant Magellan Telescope.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures, uses aastex.cls, to be published in the Astrophys. J
A Case Study of the Impact of Bioenergy Development Upon Crop Production, Livestock Feeding, and Water Resource Usage in Kansas
Creators: name: O'Brien, Daniel M.
name: Woolverton, Mike
name: Maddy, Lucas
name: Pozo, Veronica F.
name: Roe, Joshua D.
name: Tajchman, Jenna R.
name: Yeager, Elizabeth A.
name: O'Brien, Daniel M.
name: Woolverton, Mike
name: Maddy, Lucas
name: Pozo, Veronica F.
name: Roe, Joshua D.
name: Tajchman, Jenna R.
name: Yeager, Elizabeth A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Livestock Production/Industries
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The development of grain-based ethanol production in Kansas has had a marked impact upon the feedgrain and livestock industries of the state. The increased focus on feedgrain production stemming from ethanol development impacts the use and sustainability of Kansas water resources, and has changed the proportional mix of crops grown in the state. The need to handle increased amounts of feedgrains and to transport them to ethanol plants has affected the functional role of local grain elevators as well as the directional flow of grain within the state. The grain trucking industry has been dramatically affected by the increase in demand for moving both feedstock inputs and co-product outputs to and from ethanol plants in the state.
Price-Quality Tradeoffs in the Selection of Fresh Fruit: A Look at Apples
Creators: name: Jones, Eugene
name: Jones, Eugene
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: This study used supermarket scanner data to analyze purchase behavior for higher- and lower-income shoppers in six stores in Columbus, Ohio. Three higher- and three lower-income stores are selected and consumer purchases are observed for 17 varieties of apples. The results show that lower-income shoppers pay lower per unit prices for most varieties of apples. More importantly, these purchases are made without sacrificing quality for a lower price.
Quantum Velocity Limits for Multiple Observables: Conservation Laws, Correlations, and Macroscopic Systems
Creators: name: Hamazaki, Ryusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How multiple observables mutually influence their dynamics has been a crucial issue in statistical mechanics. We introduce a new concept, "quantum velocity limits," to establish a quantitative and rigorous theory for non-equilibrium quantum dynamics for multiple observables. Quantum velocity limits are universal inequalities for a vector the describes velocities of multiple observables. They elucidate that the speed of an observable of our interest can be tighter bounded when we have knowledge of other observables, such as experimentally accessible ones or conserved quantities, compared with the conventional speed limits for a single observable. We first derive an information-theoretical velocity limit in terms of the generalized correlation matrix of the observables and the quantum Fisher information. The velocity limit has various novel consequences: (i) conservation law in the system, a fundamental ingredient of quantum dynamics, can improve the velocity limits through the correlation between the observables and conserved quantities; (ii) speed of an observable can be bounded by a nontrivial lower bound from the information on another observable; (iii) there exists a notable non-equilibrium tradeoff relation, stating that speeds of uncorrelated observables, e.g., anti-commuting observables, cannot be simultaneously large; (iv) velocity limits for any observables on a local subsystem in locally interacting many-body systems remain convergent even in the thermodynamic limit. Moreover, we discover another distinct velocity limit for multiple observables on the basis of the local conservation law of probability current, which becomes advantageous for macroscopic transitions of multiple quantities.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures
title: Missed and misdiagnosed early-stage glioblastomas: pictorial review
Creators: name: Settipalli, Krishna Pranathi
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose
Methods and materials
Results
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Purpose:
Glioblastoma is the commonest and most aggressive primary adult cerebral malignancy with a 5-year survival of less than 5% [1]. Patients frequently present with acute neurological symptoms prompting investigation with an initial non-contrast...
Hadron production from resonance decay in relativistic collisions
Creators: name: Pal, Subrata
name: Danielewicz, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A statistical model for decay and formation of heavy hadronic resonances is formulated. The resonance properties become increasingly uncertain with increasing resonance mass. Drawing on analogy with the situation in low-energy nuclear physics, we employ the Weisskopf approach to the resonance processes. In the large-mass limit, the density of resonance states in mass is governed by a universal Hagedorn-like temperature T_H. As resonances decay, progressively more and more numerous lighter states get populated. For T_H \simeq 170 MeV, the model describes data for the hadron yield ratios at the RHIC and SPS energies under the extreme assumption of a single heavy resonance giving rise to measured yields.
description: Revtex, 15 pages, 5 figs, Version to appear in PLB
Renormalization Theory based on Flow Equations
Creators: name: Kopper, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I give an overview over some work on rigorous renormalization theory based on the differential flow equations of the Wilson-Wegner renormalization group. I first consider massive Euclidean $ϕ_4^4$-theory. The renormalization proofs are achieved through inductive bounds on regularized Schwinger functions. I present relatively crude bounds which are easily proven, and sharpened versions (which seem to be optimal as regards large momentum behaviour). Then renormalizability statements in Minkowski space are presented together with analyticity properties of the Schwinger functions. Finally I give a short description of further results.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, lecture in honour of Jacques Bros on the occasion of his 70th birthday
The 3d $\mathcal{N}=6$ Bootstrap: From Higher Spins to Strings to Membranes
Creators: name: Binder, Damon J.
name: Chester, Shai M.
name: Jerdee, Max
name: Pufu, Silviu S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the space of 3d ${\cal N} = 6$ SCFTs by combining numerical bootstrap techniques with exact results derived using supersymmetric localization. First we derive the superconformal block decomposition of the four-point function of the stress tensor multiplet superconformal primary. We then use supersymmetric localization results for the ${\cal N} = 6$ $U(N)_k\times U(N+M)_{-k}$ Chern-Simons-matter theories to determine two protected OPE coefficients for many values of $N,M,k$. These two exact inputs are combined with the numerical bootstrap to compute precise rigorous islands for a wide range of $N,k$ at $M=0$, so that we can non-perturbatively interpolate between SCFTs with M-theory duals at small $k$ and string theory duals at large $k$. We also present evidence that the localization results for the $U(1)_{2M}\times U(1+M)_{-2M}$ theory, which has a vector-like large-$M$ limit dual to higher spin theory, saturates the bootstrap bounds for certain protected CFT data. The extremal functional allows us to then conjecturally reconstruct low-lying CFT data for this theory.
description: 61 pages plus appendices, 9 figures, v3 accepted to JHEP
Decomposing galaxies with BANG: an automated morpho-kinematical decomposition of the SDSS-DR17 MaNGA survey
Creators: name: Rigamonti, Fabio
name: Dotti, Massimo
name: Covino, Stefano
name: Haardt, Francesco
name: Cortese, Luca
name: Landoni, Marco
name: Varisco, Ludovica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From a purely photometric perspective galaxies are generally decomposed into a bulge+disc system, with bulges being dispersion-dominated and discs rotationally-supported. However, recent observations have demonstrated that such a framework oversimplifies complexity, especially if one considers galaxy kinematics. To address this issue we introduced with the GPU-based code \textsc{bang} a novel approach that employs analytical potential-density pairs as galactic components, allowing for a computationally fast, still reliable fit of the morphological and kinematic properties of galaxies. Here we apply \textsc{bang} to the SDSS-MaNGA survey, estimating key parameters such as mass, radial extensions, and dynamics, for both bulges and discs of +10,000 objects. We test our methodology against a smaller subsample of galaxies independently analysed with an orbit-based algorithm, finding agreement in the recovered total stellar mass. We also manage to reproduce well-established scaling relations, demonstrating how proper dynamical modelling can result in tighter correlations and provide corrections to standard approaches. Finally, we propose a more general way of decomposing galaxies into "hot" and "cold" components, showing a correlation with orbit-based approaches and visually determined morphological type. Unexpected tails in the "hot-to-total" mass-ratio distribution are present for galaxies of all morphologies, possibly due to visual morphology misclassifications.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, accepted for pubblication on MNRAS
Marketing Agreement, Food Safety and Contract Design
Creators: name: Liang, Jing
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Liang, Jing
name: Jensen, Helen H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: contract
subject: food safety
subject: principal-agent
subject: market agreements
subject: GAPs
subject: on-farm inspection

description: Recent outbreaks of food-borne illness related to fruit and vegetables have led to increased concerns about the safety of produce. In response, the industry has adopted marketing agreements to ensure consistency of product safety. Contracts now are widely used between processors and growers to specify product safety attributes. This paper uses a principal-agent model to examine how the inclusion of a marketing agreement influences the behavior of growers and processors under processor-grower contracts. We conclude that: (1) the processor offers a contract with a higher premium and a lower base payment under the contract with a marketing agreement (2) contract parameters change in similar manner under the two contracts (3) under a contract with a marketing agreement the processor earns less profit. The individual contract scenarios are discussed in detail.
title: The utility of ultrasound in excluding lower-limb deep venous thrombosis in patients with leg oedema
Creators: name: Settipalli, Krishna Pranathi
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Vascular
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Oedema

description: Purpose
Methods and materials
Results
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Purpose:
Lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the most common venous thromboembolic disorder. It is estimated to affect 53 in 100,000 Australians annually 1 , with a significantly higher prevalence in hospitalised patients. Three patterns of thrombosis...
Quarterly Storage Model of U.S. Cotton Market: Estimation of the Basis under Rational Expectations
Creators: name: Tokovenko, Oleksiy
name: Gunter, Lewell F.
name: Tokovenko, Oleksiy
name: Gunter, Lewell F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The paper outlines an approach to estimation and analysis of the futures basis in the U.S. cotton market under weakly rational expectations. Given the model specification derived from the underlying dynamic profit optimization problem of the dealers, the intermediary market model is estimated using the self-organizing state-space (SOSS) approach. Estimation results are used to evaluate the prediction power of the method and test the main assumptions about the existence and consistency of the subjective rational expectations incorporated in the model.
Comment on "Solitons and excitations in the duality-based matrix model"
Creators: name: Bardek, V.
name: Meljanac, S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a method for constructing exact multi-solitonic solutions of the coupled BPS equations in the duality-based generalization of the hermitean matrix model, which was put forward in a recent paper, is not correct.
description: 5 pages, no figures, JHEP-style, submitted to JHEP
Ultra low-mass and small-radius white dwarfs made of heavy elements
Creators: name: Xia, Cheng-Jun
name: Huang, Yong-Feng
name: Li, Hong-Bo
name: Shao, Lijing
name: Xu, Ren-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Seven ultra low-mass and small-radius white dwarfs (LSPM J0815+1633, LP 240-30, BD+20 5125B, LP 462-12, WD J1257+5428, 2MASS J13453297+4200437, and SDSS J085557.46+053524.5) have been recently identified with masses ranging from $\sim$0.02 $M_\odot$ to $\sim$0.08 $M_\odot$ and radii from $\sim$ 4270 km to 10670 km. The mass-radius measurements of these white dwarfs pose challenges to traditional white dwarf models assuming they are mostly made of nuclei lighter than $^{56}$Fe. In this work we consider the possibility that those white dwarfs are made of heavier elements. Due to the small charge-to-mass ratios in heavy elements, the electron number density in white dwarf matter is effectively reduced, which reduces the pressure with additional contributions of lattice energy and electron polarization corrections. This consequently leads to white dwarfs with much smaller masses and radii, which coincide with the seven ultra low-mass and small-radius white dwarfs. The corresponding equation of state and matter contents of dense stellar matter with and without reaching the cold-catalyzed ground state are presented, which are obtained using the latest Atomic Mass Evaluation (AME 2020). Further observations are necessary to unveil the actual matter contents in those white dwarfs via, e.g., spectroscopy, asteroseismology, and discoveries of other ultra low-mass and small-radius white dwarfs.
O'qituvchilarning kasbiy kompetensiyasini takomillashtirishda testologik va IT madaniyatining o'rni
Creators: name: Matmuratova Mohinur Qozoqboyevna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Mazkur maqolada o‘qituvchilarning kasbiy kompetensiyasini takomillashtirishda testologik bilimlar va axborot texnologiyalaridan samarali foydalanish madaniyatining o‘rni yoritilgan. Testologik yondashuvlar orqali o‘quvchilarning bilim darajasini adolatli va tizimli baholash imkoniyatlari, shuningdek, IT vositalari yordamida dars jarayonini zamonaviylashtirishning afzalliklari tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, pedagog kadrlar uchun raqamli savodxonlik va baholash kompetensiyasini rivojlantirish zarurati asoslab berilgan.
Vibrations and tunneling of strained nanoribbons at finite temperature
Creators: name: Hanakata, Paul Z.
name: Bhabesh, Sourav S.
name: Yllanes, David
name: Nelson, David R.
name: Bowick, Mark J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystalline sheets (e.g., graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides) liberated from a substrate are a paradigm for materials at criticality because flexural phonons can fluctuate into the third dimension. Although studies of static critical behaviors (e.g., the scale-dependent elastic constants) are plentiful, investigations of dynamics remain limited. Here, we use molecular dynamics to study the time dependence of the midpoint (the height center-of-mass) of doubly clamped nanoribbons, as prototypical graphene resonators, under a wide range of temperature and strain conditions. By treating the ribbon midpoint as a Brownian particle confined to a nonlinear potential (which assumes a double-well shape beyond the buckling transition), we formulate an effective theory describing the ribbon's tunneling rate across the two wells and its oscillations inside a given well. We find that, for nanoribbbons compressed above the Euler buckling point and thermalized above a temperature at which the non-linear effects due to thermal fluctuations become significant, the exponential term (the ratio between energy barrier and temperature) depends only on the geometry, but not the temperature, unlike the usual Arrhenius behavior. Moreover, we find that the natural oscillation time for small strain shows a non-trivial scaling $τ_{\rm o}\sim L_0^{\,z}T^{-η/4}$, with $L_0$ being the ribbon length, $z=2-η/2$ being the dynamic critical exponent, $η=0.8$ being the scaling exponent describing scale-dependent elastic constants, and $T$ being the temperature. These unusual scale- and temperature-dependent dynamics thus exhibit dynamic criticality and could be exploited in the development of graphene-based nanoactuators.
title: Ultrasound guided occipital nerve blocks
Creators: name: Settipalli, Krishna Pranathi
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Head and neck
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Other

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
Outline the pertinent anatomy, sonographic anatomy, imaging, and technique in performing ultrasound guided occipital nerve block procedures for headache...
Earthquake forecasting and its verification
Creators: name: Holliday, James R.
name: Nanjo, Kazuyoshi Z.
name: Tiampo, Kristy F.
name: Rundle, John B.
name: Turcotte, Donald L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: No proven method is currently available for the reliable short time prediction of earthquakes (minutes to months). However, it is possible to make probabilistic hazard assessments for earthquake risk. These are primarily based on the association of small earthquakes with future large earthquakes. In this paper we discuss a new approach to earthquake forecasting. This approach is based on a pattern informatics (PI) method which quantifies temporal variations in seismicity. The output is a map of areas in a seismogenic region (``hotspots'') where earthquakes are forecast to occur in a future 10-year time span. This approach has been successfully applied to California, to Japan, and on a worldwide basis. These forecasts are binary--an earthquake is forecast either to occur or to not occur. The standard approach to the evaluation of a binary forecast is the use of the relative operating characteristic (ROC) diagram, which is a more restrictive test and less subject to bias than maximum likelihood tests. To test our PI method, we made two types of retrospective forecasts for California. The first is the PI method and the second is a relative intensity (RI) forecast based on the hypothesis that future earthquakes will occur where earthquakes have occurred in the recent past. While both retrospective forecasts are for the ten year period 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2009, we performed an interim analysis 5 years into the forecast. The PI method out performs the RI method under most circumstances.
description: 10(+1) pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to Nonlinearl Processes in Geophysics on 5 August 2005
Distributional Impacts of Agritourism in the Arkansas Delta Byways region
Creators: name: Das, Biswa R.
name: Rainey, Daniel V.
name: Das, Biswa R.
name: Rainey, Daniel V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: ARIMA
subject: Agritourism Demand
subject: Economic Impact Analysis
subject: Rural Economic Development

description: Replaced with revised version of paper 06/16/09.
ПРОКУРАТУРА ТУВИНСКОЙ НАРОДНОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ (1921-1944 ГГ.)
Creators: name: Дубровский О.Н.
name: Биче-Оол А.М.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: Тувинская народная республика
Тыва
Тува
ТНР
история прокуратуры
история
становление прокуратуры
прокурор
государственное обвинение
надзорная детальность
надзор
правоохранительная деятельность
правоохранительная система.

description: Статья посвящена становлению, функционированию Прокуратуры Тувинской народной республики (1921-1944 гг.). Изучены проблемы прокуратуры на переходном этапе тувинского общества, роль прокуратуры при формировании нового правосознания и смены правовой парадигмы тувинцев, место прокуратуры в системе правоохранительных органов Тувинской народной республики.
title: Unpacking the first and second surgical neck levels: sonographic localisation and assessment of lymph nodes
Creators: name: Settipalli, Krishna Pranathi
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Head and neck
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
To illustrate the sonographic anatomy of the first and second surgical neck levels, highlighting the pertinent anatomical landmarks used in localising lymph nodes, and differentiating the appearances of benign and malignant...
title: Sonographic imaging of adult tonsilitis and complications – are radiologists keeping abreast of point of care ultrasound use?
Creators: name: Settipalli, Krishna Pranathi
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Head and neck
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Drainage
subject: Abscess
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
Illustrate tonsillar and peritonsillar sonographic relative anatomy, Demonstrate the technique to identify adult tonsils on ultrasound; and their normal sonographic size and appearance, Outline the sonographic appearance of tonsillar and...
A multi-state mapping approach to surface hopping
Creators: name: Runeson, Johan E.
name: Manolopoulos, David E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a multiple electronic state adaptation of the mapping approach to surface hopping introduced recently by Mannouch and Richardson (J. Chem. Phys. 158, 104111 (2023)). This adaptation treats populations and coherences on an equal footing and is guaranteed to give populations in any electronic basis that tend to the correct quantum-classical equilibrium values in the long-time limit (assuming ergodicity). We demonstrate its accuracy by comparison with exact benchmark results for three- and seven-state models of the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex, obtaining electronic populations and coherences that are significantly more accurate than those of fewest switches surface hopping and at least as good as those of any other semiclassical method we are aware of. Since these results were obtained by adapting the scheme of Mannouch and Richardson, we go on to compare our results with theirs for a variety of problems with two electronic states. We find that their method is sometimes more accurate, and especially so in the Marcus inverted regime. However, in other situations the accuracies are comparable, and since our scheme can be used with multiple electronic states it can be applied to a wider variety of systems.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Early events in insulin fibrillization studied by time-lapse atomic force microscopy
Creators: name: Podesta', A.
name: Tiana, G.
name: Milani, P.
name: Manno, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The importance of understanding the mechanism of protein aggregation into insoluble amyloid fibrils relies not only on its medical consequences, but also on its more basic properties of self--organization. The discovery that a large number of uncorrelated proteins can form, under proper conditions, structurally similar fibrils has suggested that the underlying mechanism is a general feature of polypeptide chains. In the present work, we address the early events preceeding amyloid fibril formation in solutions of zinc--free human insulin incubated at low pH and high temperature. Aside from being a easy--to--handle model for protein fibrillation, subcutaneous aggregation of insulin after injection is a nuisance which affects patients with diabetes. Here, we show by time--lapse atomic force microscopy (AFM) that a steady-state distribution of protein oligomers with an exponential tail is reached within few minutes after heating. This metastable phase lasts for few hours until aggregation into fibrils suddenly occurs. A theoretical explanation of the oligomer pre--fibrillar distribution is given in terms of a simple coagulation--evaporation kinetic model, in which concentration plays the role of a critical parameter. Due to high resolution and sensitivity of AFM technique, the observation of a long-lasting latency time should be considered an actual feature of the aggregation process, and not simply ascribed to instrumental inefficency. These experimental facts, along with the kinetic model used, claim for a critical role of thermal concentration fluctuations in the process of fibril nucleation.
Observation of Terahertz Spin Hall Conductivity Spectrum in GaAs with Optical Spin Injection
Creators: name: Fujimoto, Tomohiro
name: Kurihara, Takayuki
name: Murotani, Yuta
name: Tamaya, Tomohiro
name: Kanda, Natsuki
name: Kim, Changsu
name: Yoshinobu, Jun
name: Akiyama, Hidefumi
name: Kato, Takeo
name: Matsunaga, Ryusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first observation of the spin Hall conductivity spectrum in GaAs at room temperature. Our terahertz polarimetry with a precision of several $μ$rads resolves the Faraday rotation of terahertz pulses arising from the inverse spin Hall effect of optically injected spin-polarized electrons. The obtained spin Hall conductivity spectrum exhibits an excellent quantitative agreement with theory, demonstrating a crossover in the dominant origin from impurity scattering in the DC regime to the intrinsic Berry-curvature mechanism in the terahertz regime. Our spectroscopic technique opens a new pathway to analyze anomalous transports related to spin, valley, or orbital degrees of freedom.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Accounting for Geographic Heterogeneity in Recreation Demand Models
Creators: name: Sardana, Kavita
name: Bowker, James Michael
name: Bergstrom, John C.
name: Starbuck, C. Meghan
name: English, Donald B.K.
name: Sardana, Kavita
name: Bowker, James Michael
name: Bergstrom, John C.
name: Starbuck, C. Meghan
name: English, Donald B.K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Spatial differences in site characteristics and user populations may result in heterogeneity of recreation preferences and values across geographic regions. Non-linear mixed effects models provide a potential means of accounting for this heterogeneity. This approach was tested by estimating a national-level recreation demand model with encouraging results.
title: Classification of status and location of axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer patients
Creators: name: Settipalli, Krishna Pranathi
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Breast
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
To define sonographic landmarks used to localize lymph nodes to axillary levels I, II and...