cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The Geologic History of Subsurface Arkosic Sedimentary Rocks in the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) Borehole, Central California
Creators: name: Draper, Sarah D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2007

description: The aim of the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) project, a component of the NSF Earthscope Initiative, is to directly observe active fault processes at seismogenic depths through the drilling of a 3 km deep (true vertical depth) inclined borehole across San Andreas fault. Preliminary subsurface models based on surface mapping and geophysical data predicted different lithologies than were actually encountered. At 1920 meters measured depth (mmd), a sequence of well-indurated, interbedded arkosic conglomerates, sandstones, and siltstones was encountered. We present a detailed lithologic and structural characterization as a step toward understanding the complex geologic history of this fault-bounded block of arkosic sedimentary rocks. We divide the arkosic section into three lithologic units with different compositional, structural, and sedimentary features: the upper arkose, 1920-2530 mmd, the clay-rich zone, 2530-2680 Illtlld, and the lower arkose, 2680-3150 mmd. We interpret the section to have been deposited in a Salinian transtensional basin, in either a subaqueous or subaerial fan setting. We suggest four different possibly equivalent sedimentary units to the SAFOD arkoses, the locations of which are dependent on how the San Andreas fault system has evolved over time in the vicinity of the SAFOD site. Detailed analysis of three subsidiary faults encountered in the arkosic section at 1920 mmd, 2530 mmd, and 3060 mmd, shows that subsurface faults have similar microstructures and composition as exhumed faults at the surface, with less evidence of alteration from extensive fluid flow.
Attention demands of movements of varying complexity
Creators: name: Tennant, James Mark
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The experiment was designed to divide the attention demands of a total motor response time into two components, the initiation of a response and the execution of a movement. The purpose was to determine the effects of movement complexity on the relative degree of attention required during these component processes. Six male right handed S's were tested in a situation involving two discrete reactions to two stimuli separated by a short time interval. The first stimulus was associated with the performance of a primary motor task that was varied in complexity and that was performed with the S's right hand. The second or probe stimulus was associated with a simple reaction time performed with the left hand. The probe stimulus was presented during the S's performance of the primary task and the reaction to this stimulus was used as an index of the attentional demands of the primary task. The results of the primary task indicate that the reaction time (RT) component of the response was not a function of movement complexity, although there was an apparent difference between the simplest response and responses of greater complexity. Movement complexity affected the movement time (MT) component of the response in that MT increased as complexity increased. The second or probe reaction time (PRT) was delayed when the probe occurred during the initiation of the response and during the execution of the response. When the probe was presented during the initiation of the response, the PRT was related directly to the RT, and when presented during the execution of the response, the PRT related directly to MT. PRT was also seen to vary throughout the range of movement with the longest PRTs occurring at the beginning and end of a movement terminated at a target. These results provide evidence for a model of human performance that suggests component processes of limited capacity in that the attention demands of initiating and executing a motor task tend to vary with task complexity and position of the responding limb in moving to a target. Further, the results indicated that in general RT and MT can be used to assess the attention demands of a particular motor response.
Epimerization of trans-Cycloalkenes with the X–C=C–SeR*-Unit – The Steric Demand of X = H, F, Cl, Br, I, Me, Et and CF3
Creators: name: Poleschner, Helmut
name: Heydenreich, Matthias
name: Achazi, Andreas Johannes
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: trans-Cycloalkenes
subject: DFT calculations
subject: Epimerization
subject: Fluorine
subject: NMR spectroscop
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Trans-cycloalkenes with the X–C=C–SeR*-unit and ring sizes from 9 to 20 have been synthesized. Bond the selenium atom is the chiral (S)-o-(1-Methoxypropyl)phenyl-residue R*, and X = H, F, Cl, Br, I, Me, Et and CF3. The planar-chiral trans-cycloalkenes in combination with the chiral residue R* exist as two diastereomers. These can be distinguished in principle by NMR spectroscopy. We have studied the epimerization of the trans-cycloalkenes, i.e., the 180° rotation of the X–C=C-unit through the cavity of the ring. The measurements were done with variable temperature 13C NMR spectroscopy in the range from –110 to 140°C. The obtained values of the Gibbs energy of activation ΔG‡C depend strongly on the ring size. Furthermore, the ΔG‡C values show dramatic steric effects due to the groups X. The steric requirement of X increases in the series H << F << Cl < Me < Br < I < Et < CF3. Here, F is significantly larger than H, and CF3 is larger than Et. The corresponding iPr-compounds could not be synthesized. The transition state structures of the ring inversion for ring sizes 8–20 were calculated at the DFT level of theory.
title: Assessing Depressive Symptoms in Adolescent Boys: Pre- Versus Postpubescent, Delinquent Versus Nondelinquent
Creators: name: DeFrancesco, David P.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1990

description: The purpose of this study was to compare depressive symptoms reported by boys who were either pre- or postpubescent and who were legally designated delinquent or had no legal histories. A self-report puberty scale and a semi-structured interview (the Child Assessment Schedule-CAS) were administered to 48 boys. Results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Significance levels between groups were examined with Duncan's range test. No significant differences were found between pre- and postpubescent boys for reporting depressive symptoms, but delinquent youths were found to report significantly more depressive symptoms than nondelinquent youths. The implications of these results are discussed in relation to the measures used and recommendations for future research.
Bones and bytes from Lincolnshire to Jersey
Creators: name: Osborne, David
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Electrolytic production of aluminium : fundamental and applied studies on the effect of anode composition on the anode-electrolyte interfacial conditions.
Creators: name: Osborne, John Anthony
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis deals with a study of the wettability of amorphous carbon, of the type employed as anode material in the production of aluminium, by cryolite based solutions. The wettability of carbon has been improved by the addition of inorganic additives of the type used in cryolite electrolytes, such as aluminium oxide, calcium flanride and carbonate, and lithium flunride and carbonate. Particular improvements in carbon wettability are noted when the system is contained in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide - carbon monoxide, corresponding to practical production conditions. Furtheremore, when anodes prepared containing these additives are used in a laboratory aluminium cell, notable reductions in cell voltage are achieved at practical an0de current densities. The improved adhesion of the two phases has also been demonstrated by measurement of the current density and voltage conditions required to llinduce anode effects in this cell. Improvements in power requirements and carbon consumption per unit weight of product are shown, and finally, an assessment of the project potential under industrial operating conditions has been made.
One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of carbon dots-immobilized hydrozincite for ZnO-based nanocomposite lighting applications
Creators: name: Suzuki, Kazumasa
name: Miyamura, Hiroshi
name: Balachandran, Jeyadevan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: The immobilization of fluorescent nanomaterials in host–guest systems is one of the important factors for the further development of light-emitting properties in nanocomposite materials. In this study, one-pot hydrothermal synthesis was performed to generate advanced fluorescent nanocomposite by immobilizing carbon dots (C-dots) in a layered hydrozincite matrix while synthesizing them in a reaction solution. The one-pot reaction was performed by hydrothermal treatment starting from zinc acetate, urea, and diammonium hydrogen citrate in solution as precursor. The reaction condition that C-dots and hydrozincite could be synthesized together in a one-pot hydrothermal reaction at 200°C was investigated by adjusting the pH of the precursor, and the formation criteria depending on the pH were discussed. Based on the changes in crystal structure and in the surface state of the resulting composite powder compared with the single hydrozincite powder, the interaction that contributed to the immobilization of carbon dots was discussed. The fluorescence properties of the C-dots immobilized zinc compounds were characterized. Further sintering under an appropriate condition for the C-dots–hydrozincite composite allowed conversion into the C-dots–zinc oxide composite exhibiting quite different fluorescent characteristics.
Speculative evaluation in parallel implementations of lazy functional languages
Creators: name: Partridge, Andrew Simon
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The usual technique for extracting parallelism from lazy functional languages is to use strictness analysis to annotate function applications that can safely be performed as call-by-value. However, practical strictness analyses can only find partial strictness information about some programs. Speculative evaluation can gain parallelism in the presence of incomplete strictness information by creating a task to evaluate the argument of some applications in parallel with evaluation of the function, before it is known whether the value of the argument is eventually going to be needed. This thesis presents a scheme for adding speculative evaluation to the parallel implementation of lazy functional languages. Speculative tasks are assigned scheduling priorities to prevent them from hogging processing and memory resources. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the scheme in a shared-memory system. Implementation of speculative evaluation on distributed systems is also described, including a load distribution algorithm that deals with tasks according to their scheduling priorities. The performance of speculative evaluation on distributed systems remains an open research topic.
X-ray reflection in a sample of X-ray bright Ultraluminous X-ray sources
Creators: name: Caballero-Garcia, M. D.
name: Fabian, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a reflection-based model to the best available XMM-Newton spectra of X-ray bright UltraLuminous X-ray (ULX) sources (NGC 1313 X-1, NGC 1313 X-2, M 81 X-6, Holmberg IX X-1, NGC 5408 X-1 and Holmberg II X-1). A spectral drop is apparent in the data of all the sources at energies 6-7 keV. The drop is interpreted here in terms of relativistically-blurred ionized reflection from the accretion disk. A soft-excess is also detected from these sources (as usually found in the spectra of AGN), with emission from O K and Fe L, in the case of NGC 5408 X-1 and Holmberg II X-1, which can be understood as features arising from reflection of the disk. Remarkably, ionized disk reflection and the associated powerlaw continuum provide a good description of the broad-band spectrum, including the soft-excess. There is no requirement for thermal emission from the inner disk in the description of the spectra. The black holes of these systems must then be highly spinning, with a spin close to the maximum rate of a maximal spinning black hole. The results require the action of strong light bending in these sources. We suggest that they could be strongly accreting black holes in which most of the energy is extracted from the flow magnetically and released above the disc thereby avoiding the conventional Eddington limit.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: The Relationship Between Raw Scores on the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children and School Attendance for Sioux Children Ages 8-12
Creators: name: Cummings, Mike
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1990

description: A study was conducted to examine one aspect of construct validity for the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC). Forty-eight Sioux children at five age levels (8 to 12.5) were used in this study. Relying on theories of child development, most tests of mental abilities have been constructed so that raw scores will increase with age. Pearson r correlation coefficients between age and raw scores were calculated across five age levels for this sample of Sioux children. The Simultaneous-, Sequential-, and Achievement-scale raw scores significantly correlate with age at the .05 level for a one-tailed test of significance. Number Recall and Word Order did not significantly correlate with age. Z-score comparisons between the standardization sample (n = 900) and the Sioux sample were calculated. Statistically significant Z-score discrepancies were obtained on a two-tailed test of significance (.05) for the total Simultaneous scale, for Spatial Memory, and for Hand Movements. Gender differences were found between the Sioux males and standardization males.
This study also examined the possible effects of school attendance and gender on three K-ABC global scales. An ANOVA (method of unweighted means) test of statistical significance was computed to determine main and interaction effects on the Simultaneous, Sequential, and Achievement scales. There was no significant main effect between the two classification variables and the three global scale scores. Results did indicate Sioux males tended to obtain lower Sequential scores in the low attendance condition and low attending females obtained lower scores on the Simultaneous scale.
Investigation the effect of Sb on phase boundary variation of 0.965(Na0.5K0.5)(Nb1-xSbx)-0.035BaZrO3 ceramics and the corresponding piezoelectric properties
Creators: name: Ma, Xing-Hua
name: Xia, Junjia
name: Zhang, Zhenlu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: CuO-added 0.965(Na0.5K0.5)(Nb1-xSbx)-0.035BaZrO3 ceramics (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) were well prepared at 1070°C for 8 hours. And the effect of Sb5+ ions on the phase boundary variation and the corresponding piezoelectric properties were studied. It was found that the crystal structures varied from orthorhombic-tetragonal, orthorhombic-tetragonal-rhombohedral, orthorhombic-rhombohedral PPB and finally to rhombohedral structures of 0.965(Na0.5K0.5)(Nb1-xSbx)-0.035BaZrO3 with x value increasing, and the corresponding piezoelectric properties varied according to the variation of crystal structures. Particularly, the specimen with an Amm2 orthorhombic (11.1%) – R3m rhombohedral (88.9%) dominant PPB structure (x = 0.08) showed the highest d33 value of 415 pC/N and strain of 0.12% at 4.5 kV/mm.
Micropasts volunteer transcriber
Creators: name: Osmond Dale, Elaine
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Mucus-Inspired Self-Healing Hydrogels: A Protective Barrier for Cells against Viral Infection
Creators: name: Bej, Raju
name: Nie, Chuanxiong
name: Ludwig, Kai
name: Kerkhoff, Yannic
name: Pigaleva, Marina
name: Adler, Julia Maria
name: Page, Taylor M.
name: Trimpert, Jakob
name: Block, Stephan
name: Kaufer, Benedikt B.
name: Haag, Rainer
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: broad-spectrum virus inhibition
subject: live-cell microscopy
subject: mucus-inspired hydrogels
subject: self-healing hydrogels
subject: single-particle tracking microrheology
subject: transwell assay
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Mucus is a dynamic biological hydrogel, composed primarily of the glycoprotein mucin, exhibits unique biophysical properties and forms a barrier protecting cells against a broad-spectrum of viruses. Here, this work develops a polyglycerol sulfate-based dendronized mucin-inspired copolymer (MICP-1) with ≈10% repeating units of activated disulfide as cross-linking sites. Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) analysis of MICP-1 reveals an elongated single-chain fiber morphology. MICP-1 shows potential inhibitory activity against many viruses such as herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and SARS-CoV-2 (including variants such as Delta and Omicron). MICP-1 produces hydrogels with viscoelastic properties similar to healthy human sputum and with tuneable microstructures using linear and branched polyethylene glycol-thiol (PEG-thiol) as cross-linkers. Single particle tracking microrheology, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-SEM) are used to characterize the network structures. The synthesized hydrogels exhibit self-healing properties, along with viscoelastic properties that are tuneable through reduction. A transwell assay is used to investigate the hydrogel's protective properties against viral infection against HSV-1. Live-cell microscopy confirms that these hydrogels can protect underlying cells from infection by trapping the virus, due to both network morphology and anionic multivalent effects. Overall, this novel mucin-inspired copolymer generates mucus-mimetic hydrogels on a multi-gram scale. These hydrogels can be used as models for disulfide-rich airway mucus research, and as biomaterials.
title: The Examination of Variables That Influence Response Rates to Mailed Questionnaires
Creators: name: Parthasarathy, Anuradha
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1990

description: The intent of this research was to examine variables that might influence the response rates to mailed questionnaires. The variables examined were the socioeconomic statuses of the subjects, the time of payment of a monetary incentive, and the amount of payment. Subjects were 375 residents of Cache County, Utah, selected from three levels of socioeconomic status. The subjects were selected on the basis of information they provided about their income and education levels during a telephone interview. Subjects within each level of socioeconomic status were further divided into four treatment groups and one control group. All groups were mailed the questionnaire. In addition, subjects in Group 1 were sent an enclosed $1, those in Group 2 received $2, those in Group 3 were promised $1 if they returned the completed questionnaire, those in Group 4 were similarly promised $2 if they returned a completed questionnaire, and subjects in Group 5 were neither paid nor promised any incentive. The questionnaire itself was developed with the help of Utah State University's Extension Services, who needed to survey the local population on issues pertaining to family and economic well-being.
The response rate for the entire sample was 56.8%. Subjects from the high socioeconomic status group had the highest response rate, while subjects with the lowest socioeconomic status had the lowest response rate. Including the monetary incentive along with the questionnaire yielded a higher response rate than did promising an incentive for returning the questionnaire. Similarly, subjects receiving $2 had a higher response rate than those receiving $1. It was also found that the higher the socioeconomic status, the less the difference made by the time of payment of the incentive.
When the cost effectiveness of the different treatments was analyzed it was found that at the higher levels of response rate, prepaying the incentive was a more efficient method, while promising the incentive proved cheaper at the lower levels of response rate.
Criterion for faithful teleportation with an arbitrary multiparticle channel
Creators: name: Cheung, Chi-Yee
name: Zhang, Zhan-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quantum teleportation when the given entanglement channel is an arbitrary multiparticle state. A general criterion is presented, which allows one to judge if the channel can be used to teleport faithfully an arbitrary quantum state of a given dimension. The general protocol proposed here is much easier to implement experimentally than the others found in the literature.
description: 5 pages, no figure
Effects of oxides on optical absorption and homogeneity of GeS2-­Sb2S3-based glass
Creators: name: Furukawa, Mikiya
name: Tanaka, Toshiyuki
name: Wada, Noriyuki
name: Yamamoto, Shigeru
name: Shiono, Takeshi
name: Wakasugi, Takashi
name: Okada, Arifumi
name: Kadono, Kohei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plasma Physics
subject: Computational Biology

description: We investigated the effects of oxygen impurities on the optical absorption, glass structure, and homogeneity of a sulfide glass that is a potential candidate for use as an infrared-transmitting material. We prepared glasses based on the pseudo-binary GeS2-Sb2S3 system by a conventional method using metals and sulfur as raw materials in an evacuated silica glass ampoule. The oxygen impurity content according to oxygen analysis was 0.034 mass% (340 ppm) for 20GeS2·80SbS3/2 glass. The oxygen impurities were distributed as oxides bonded to Ge and Sb with a distribution constant, although most of the oxygen was bonded to Ge. In addition, oxysulfide glasses were prepared by substituting GeO2 or Sb2O3 for the corresponding sulfides. In this case, the oxygen of the added oxides bonded mainly to Ge in the glasses. When more than 2 mol% of the oxides was substituted for the corresponding sulfides in the 20GeS2·80SbS3/2 glass, the glass became translucent or opaque. Microscopy observation revealed that droplet phases with diameters of 2 to 4 µm were precipitated. These phases were rich in germanium and oxygen. The inhomogeneity is induced by the addition of oxides to the glasses, particularly, in those with a large fraction of Sb2S3 in the composition.
CoPOWER: investigating power and social marginality in later prehistoric Europe
Creators: name: Perego, Eli
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
The application of DNA-based methods to the diet of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba)
Creators: name: Passmore, Abraham John
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Studying the diet of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana) is important for modelling the flow of energy and nutrients through the Southern Ocean food web. Previous studies have demonstrated that krill consume a diverse range of prey, but, have failed to detect or quantify the contribution of important prey groups. The aim of this thesis was to examine whether new DNA based methods can contribute to the analysis of krill diet. Initial work developed methods for preserving, extracting and analysing prey DNA derived from krill stomachs. These methods were shown to be capable of preserving large amounts of intact prey DNA and generating reproducible diet data. However, two problems with the method were identified. The first problem was the presence of a large amount of predator DNA in diet samples that competed with prey DNA during PCR amplification. Further work developed methods that removed predator DNA prior to PCR, or, blocked predator DNA amplification during PCR. These methods were successful when applied to a simplified test system but failed when applied to real field samples. The second problem was a discrepancy between the results obtained with DNA and concurrent results obtained with microscopy. This suggested the initial method suffered from bias that skewed results for some prey groups. Subsequent work attempted to resolve this problem by changing the approach from quantifying various prey within individual krill stomachs to quantifying the presence or absence of various prey groups in a large number of krill. When applied to field samples this approach correctly identified the same prey groups as microscopy, and, suggested that gastropods are a more important component of krill diet than previously recognised. However, there were still issues regarding the quantification of prey. The remaining work focused on fundamental issues related to the longevity and quantification of prey DNA in krill stomachs. In krill stomachs, prey DNA was found to: be stable for several hours after ingestion, vary in quantity over six orders of magnitude; and, exit the stomach faster when krill continued to engage in feeding activity. Overall the results were promising and the application of DNA methods to krill diet warrants further investigation.
Decaying Dark Matter as a Probe of Unification and TeV Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Arvanitaki, Asimina
name: Dimopoulos, Savas
name: Dubovsky, Sergei
name: Graham, Peter W.
name: Harnik, Roni
name: Rajendran, Surjeet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In supersymmetric unified theories the dark matter particle can decay, just like the proton, through grand unified interactions with a lifetime of order of 10^{26} sec. Its decay products can be detected by several experiments -- including Fermi, HESS, PAMELA, ATIC, and IceCube -- opening our first direct window to physics at the TeV scale and simultaneously at the unification scale 10^{16} GeV. We consider possibilities for explaining the electron/positron spectra observed by HESS, PAMELA, and ATIC, and the resulting predictions for the gamma-ray, electron/positron, and neutrino spectra as will be measured, for example, by Fermi and IceCube. The discovery of an isotropic, hard gamma ray spectral feature at Fermi would be strong evidence for dark matter and would disfavor astrophysical sources such as pulsars. Substructure in the cosmic ray spectra probes the spectroscopy of new TeV-mass particles. For example, a preponderance of electrons in the final state can result from the lightness of selectrons relative to squarks. Decaying dark matter acts as a sparticle injector with an energy reach potentially higher than the LHC. The resulting cosmic ray flux depends only on the values of the weak and unification scales.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, New Refs added
First principle investigation of the linker length effects on the thermodynamics of divalent pseudorotaxanes
Creators: name: Achazi, Andreas Johannes
name: Mollenhauer, Doreen
name: Paulus, Beate
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: density functional theory (DFT)
subject: dispersion correction
subject: Gibbs energy
subject: pseudorotaxanes
subject: solvent effects
subject: COSMO-RS
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie

description: The Gibbs energies of association (Gibbs free (binding) energies) for divalent crown-8/ammonium pseudorotaxanes are determined by investigating the influence of different linkers onto the binding. Calculations are performed with density functional theory including dispersion corrections. The translational, rotational and vibrational contributions are taken into account and solvation effects including counter ions are investigated by applying the COSMO-RS method, which is based on a continuum solvation model. The calculated energies agree well with the experimentally determined ones. The shortest investigated linker shows an enhanced binding strength due to electronic effects, namely the dispersion interaction between the linkers from the guest and the host. For the longer linkers this ideal packing is not possible due to steric hindrance.
Archaeology for (all) the Ages
Creators: name: Nash, Carole
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Nonlocality in sequential correlation scenarios
Creators: name: Gallego, Rodrigo
name: Würflinger, Lars Erik
name: Chaves, Rafael
name: Acín, Antonio
name: Navascues, Miguel
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik

description: As first shown by Popescu (1995 Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 2619), some quantum states only reveal their nonlocality when subjected to a sequence of measurements while giving rise to local correlations in standard Bell tests. Motivated by this manifestation of 'hidden nonlocality' we set out to develop a general framework for the study of nonlocality when sequences of measurements are performed. Similar to Gallego et al (2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 070401) our approach is operational, i.e. the task is to identify the set of allowed operations in sequential correlation scenarios and define nonlocality as the resource that cannot be created by these operations. This leads to a characterization of sequential nonlocality that contains as particular cases standard nonlocality and hidden nonlocality.
Launching of jets by cold, magnetized disks in Kerr Metric
Creators: name: Sadowski, Aleksander
name: Sikora, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We confirm recent discovery by Cao that in the vicinity of fast rotating black holes jets can be launched centrifugally by cold, magnetized disks even for nearly vertically shaped magnetic flux surfaces. Outflows produced under such extreme conditions are investigated via studying kinematics of test particles in the force-free magnetosphere approximation. Implications of a possibility of magneto-centrifugal launching of very well collimated central outflows around the fast rotating black holes are discussed in the general context of the jet formation scenarios in AGNs.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, submitted to "A&A", revised references
title: The Effects of Parental Involvement with Preschoolers At Risk for Developmental and Behavioral Problems
Creators: name: Skoien-Bradley, Robin
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1991

description: Parental involvement 1n early childhood intervention with children at risk has been reported as an effective variable in treatment both in popular literature and research reviews. However, the results of meta-analyses of early intervention literature have concluded that research evidence is not currently available to support this notion. Therefore, research which employs strong methodology to study the efficacy of parental involvement in early interventions with children at risk is needed. The purpose of this study was to determine whether, in a sample of preschoolers exhibiting developmental and behavioral risk, there are posttreatment differences between different levels of parent-involved groups in developmental skill, problem behavior, or parents' childrearing behaviors and knowledge of behavioral principles.
Forty-two 3- to 5-year-old children and their parents served as the study sample. The selection criteria included showing evidence of mild or moderate developmental or behavioral problems or other risk indices. Risk data was obtained by parent report and by scores on the Battelle Developmental Inventory. Demographic data was also obtained.
Three intervention groups provided either high parental involvement, low parental involvement, or a no-treatment waiting list. Children in the high and low parental involvement groups participated 1n a four-month center - based program. Parents in the high involvement group participated in an intensive center-based program and home-based activities. Parents in the low involvement group completed only homebased activities. The children were assessed with the Battelle Developmental Inventory and the Burk's Behavior Inventory. Parents were assessed with the Iowa Parent Behavior Inventory and the Knowledge of Behavioral Principles as Applied to Children.
The three study groups were found to be comparable in terms of demographic variables and pretreatment developmental screening scores. No significant differences were found between groups on any of the child assessments. Mothers in the high parental involvement group scored significantly higher on a test of Knowledge of Behavioral Principles as Applied to Children. Additional information was provided in the study on actual (vs. intended) treatment participation and on quality of parent-child interactions. Possible reasons for lack of child treatment effects and strengths and weaknesses of this study were discussed. It was recommended that future research combine high - quality research designs with a strong conceptual framework and assess both quantitative and qualitative treatment outcomes in exploring the benefits of parental involvement in early intervention with children at risk.
Gravitational Field Season
Creators: name: Pope, Matthew
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.
Effect of past movement experiences on the reproduction of discrete movements
Creators: name: Leveille, Serge Michel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The possible proactive inhibition effect of long-term past experiences upon the reproduction of discrete measurements was investigated. Ten subjects were assigned to each of the eight cells of a 2x2x2 factorial design. The two retention intervals were, 0 sec. and 30 sec; the two locations, 60° and 120°; the two movement lengths, 10° and 50°. Each subject received five standard-reproduction trials with an intertrial interval of 30 sec. The biasing effect of long-term past experiences measured by constant error, was not significant. Different target locations did not influence the intraindividual variability of a given movement length. Significant differences were obtained between movement lengths for both constant error, in that the shorter movement was overshot to a greater extent than the longer movement; and variable error, showing a greater variability for the longer movement. The significant increase in variable error over the retention intervals indicates that the memory trace weakened as time elapsed between the presentation of the standard and its reproduction.
title: Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Adolescent Depression: Effects on Multiple Parameters
Creators: name: Curtis, Steven E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1992

description: Clinical depression is the most frequently reported mental health problem for adolescents. Previously studied psychological treatment approaches for adolescent depression have recently been combined and packaged into a comprehensive psychoeducational intervention titled the Adolescent Coping With Depression Course (ACWDC). This study investigated whether treatment of clinically depressed adolescents using the ACWDC resulted in significant emotional, behavioral, and/or academic performance changes as reported by the adolescent, and observed by the parents and teachers.
Nineteen clinically depressed adolescents were identified by screening 876 students in a local high school, using a multistage screening procedure. All selected subjects met the DSM III-R criteria of major depression or dysthymia. Identified subjects were randomly assigned to either a treatment or a waitlist-control condition. Subjects in the treatment condition received treatment while subjects in the waitlist-control condition received no treatment until after the completion of the study (eight weeks later). Treatment consisted of participation in the ACWDC, conducted in 12 two-hour teaching sessions held over an eight-week period after school. Outcome measures included a variety of self-report, teacher, and parent rating scales. A pretest-posttest randomized experimental design was utilized to examine treatment effects.
At post-testing, subjects receiving treatment reported significantly greater decreases in depression and problem behaviors than subjects not receiving treatment. However, at post-testing there were no significant differences between treatment conditions on parent- and teacher-observed problem behaviors, or teacher-reported academic performance changes.
Based on the results of this study and previous studies, participation by clinically depressed adolescents in the ACWDC does result in significant self-reported decreases in depression and problem behaviors. However, contrary to expectations, these self-reported changes have not been consistently observed by parents or teachers in reductions of problem behaviors at home or school, nor in significant teacher-observed academic improvement at school.
The Lie algebroid Poisson sigma model
Creators: name: Zucchini, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Poisson--Weil sigma model, worked out by us recently, stems from gauging a Hamiltonian Lie group symmetry of the target space of the Poisson sigma model. Upon gauge fixing of the BV master action, it yields interesting topological field theories such as the 2--dimensional Donaldson-Witten topological gauge theory and the gauged A topological sigma model. In this paper, generalizing the above construction, we construct the Lie algebroid Poisson sigma model. This is yielded by gauging a Hamiltonian Lie groupoid symmetry of the Poisson sigma model target space. We use the BV quantization approach in the AKSZ geometrical version to ensure consistent quantization and target space covariance. The model has an extremely rich geometry and an intricate BV cohomology, which are studied in detail.
description: 52 pages, Latex
Cotswold Archaeology: Life in the Marine (Archaeology) Corps
Creators: name: Cotswold Archaeology
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2017

description: This resource is a single blog post created as part of the Day of Archaeology initiative. The Day of Archaeology project aimed to provide a window into the daily lives of archaeologists from all over the world. The project asked people working, studying or volunteering in the archaeological world to participate in a 'Day of Archaeology' each year by recording their day and sharing it through text, images or video on the Day of Archaeology blog.
The project asked anyone with a personal, professional or voluntary interest in archaeology to get involved, and help highlight the reasons why archaeology is vital to protect the past and inform our futures. The resulting Day of Archaeology project archive demonstrates the wide variety of work the archaeological profession undertakes day-to-day across the globe, and helps to raise public awareness of the relevance and importance of archaeology to the modern world.
The first ever Day of Archaeology was held in 2011 and, since then, the project had thousands of archaeologists take part in the event, from those working in the field through to specialists working in laboratories and behind computers. The last Day of Archaeology was on Friday 28th July 2017.