cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Malmidea reunionis Kalb 2012, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kalb, Klaus
name: Buaruang, Kawinnat
name: Mongkolsuk, Pachara
name: Boonpragob, Kansri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Malmideaceae
Malmidea
Malmidea reunionis

description: Malmidea reunionis Kalb sp. nov. (Fig. 2H) Mycobank MB 564183
 Sicut Malmidea polycampia (Tuck.) Kalb & Lücking sed ascosporis maioribus, soraliis deficientibus differt.
 Type:— MASCARENE ISLANDS. Reunion: Forêt de Bébour, a few km NW of Plaine-des-Palmistes, sentier botanique, in a pristine tropical mountain rainforest, 1300 m, 21°08’ S, 55°35’30’’ E, 31 August 1991, K. & A. Kalb (holotype hb. Kalb 25202).
 Etymology:—The new lichen is named after the island where the type was collected.
 Thallus crustose, corticolous, continuous, 50–90 µm thick, minutely verrucose, soralia and isidia absent. Medulla of verrucae and thallus cream to yellowish, KOH+ orange to pale purple. Photobiont chlorococcoid, cells 5–7 µm diam. Apothecia sessile, rounded, 0.7–1.5 mm diam. and 0.4–0.5 mm high; disc plane to slightly convex, chocolate brown; margin of granifera - type, thin, entire, slightly prominent, depressed with age, cream coloured to pale yellow. Excipulum hyaline at periphery, internally with a medullary layer composed of loosely arranged, periclinal hyphae with constricted septa, 120–150 µm wide, incrusted with ochraceousyellow hydrophobic granules, dissolving in KOH with a lemon yellow reaction. Hypothecium 180–250 µm high, pale brown to honey brown, KOH-. Epihymenium indistinct. Hymenium 160–200 µm high, hyaline. Asci 90–110 × 20–25 µm, (2–)4(–8) spored. Ascospores non-septate, wall not uniformly thickened, i.e. distinctly thicker at the ends, halonate, ellipsoid to fusiform, 22–30 × 12–15 µ m, halo 1–1.5 µm wide. Chemistry: no atranorin detected, but at least 6 unknown lichen substances present, among them one major yellow pigment with relative R f -values 50, 34, 35 in solvents A, B’ and C (Elix & Ernst-Russell 1993).
 Notes:—The new species is distinguished by the rather large ascospores with distinct, terminal wall thickenings. Similar ascospores are known from M. chrysostigma (Vain.) Kalb, Rivas Plata & Lumbsch and M. incrassata Kalb (see above). The former can be distinguished by its golden to orange-red medulla and the presence of emodin as a major metabolite while the latter is distinguished by a piperis - type exciple, the lack of thalline warts and the much smaller ascospores. From M. polycampia, it is distinguished by the absence of soralia.
 Additional material examined: — MASCARENE ISLANDS. Reunion: Cirques de Cilaos; Mare à Joseph between Thermales and Bras Sec, in remnants of a pristine rainforest, 1350 m, 21°07’30’’ S, 55°30’ E, 24 August 1991, K. & A. Kalb (hb. Kalb 38967).
description: Published as part of Kalb, Klaus, Buaruang, Kawinnat, Mongkolsuk, Pachara & Boonpragob, Kansri, 2012, New or otherwise interesting Lichens. VI, including a lichenicolous fungus, pp. 35-47 in Phytotaxa 42 on pages 42-44, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.42.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/4894823
Constraints on the time variation of the gravitational constant using gravitational-wave observations of binary neutron stars
Creators: name: Vijaykumar, Aditya
name: Kapadia, Shasvath J.
name: Ajith, Parameswaran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to constrain the variation of the gravitational constant $G$ with cosmic time using gravitational-wave (GW) observations of merging binary neutron stars. The method essentially relies on the fact that the maximum and minimum allowed masses of neutron stars at a particular cosmic epoch has a simple dependence on the value of $G$ at that epoch. GWs carry an imprint of the value of $G$ at the time of the merger. Thus, if the value of $G$ at merger is significantly different from its current value, the masses of the neutron stars inferred from the GW observations will be inconsistent with the theoretically allowed range. This enables us to place bounds on the variation of $G$ between the merger epoch and the present epoch. Using the observation of the binary neutron star system GW170817, we constrain the fractional difference in $G$ between the merger and the current epoch to be in the range $-1 \lesssim ΔG/G \lesssim 8$. Assuming a monotonic variation in $G$, this corresponds to a bound on the average rate of change of $-7 \times 10^{-9}~\mathrm{yr}^{-1} \le \dot{G}/G \le 5 \times 10^{-8}~\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ between these epochs. Future observations will put tight constraints on the deviation of $G$ over vast cosmological epochs not probed by other observations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, resembles the version published in Phys. Rev. Lett
Smart Contract-based Secure Spectrum Sharing in Multi-Operators Wireless Communication Networks
Creators: name: Zheng, Shuang
name: Han, Tao
name: Jiang, Yuna
name: Ge, Xiaohu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiple-operators (multi-OPs) spectrum sharing mechanism can effectively improve the spectrum utilization in fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication networks. The secondary users are introduced to opportunistically access the licensed spectrum of idle operators (OPs). However, the identity privacy and data security issues raise great concerns about the secure spectrum sharing among multi-OPs. To address these challenges, a consortium blockchain trust framework is proposed for the spectrum sharing in multi-OPs wireless communication networks in this paper. A real consortium blockchain is constructed among multi-OPs. The Multi-Ops Spectrum Sharing (MOSS) smart contract is designed on the constructed consortium blockchain to implement the spectrum trading among multi-OPs. Without the need of trustless spectrum broker, the MOSS smart contract enforces multi-OPs to share the spectrum truthfully and designs a punishment mechanism to punish malicious OPs. Simulation results tested on the Remix integrated development environment (IDE) indicate the feasibility of the designed MOSS smart contract. The performance analysis of the proposed consortium blockchain trust framework demonstrates that the privacy, openness and fairness of the proposed solution are better than traditional spectrum allocation solutions.
Merging Black Holes in the Low-mass and High-mass Gaps from 2+2 Quadruple Systems
Creators: name: Fragione, Giacomo
name: Loeb, Abraham
name: Rasio, Frederic A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the black hole (BH) binary mergers observed by LIGO-Virgo is still uncertain, as are the boundaries of the stellar BH mass function. Stellar evolution models predict a dearth of BHs both at masses $\gtrsim 50$ M$_\odot$ and $\lesssim 5$ M$_\odot$, thus leaving low- and high-mass gaps in the BH mass function. A natural way to form BHs of these masses is through mergers of neutron stars (NSs; for the low-mass gap) or lower-mass BHs (for the high-mass gap); the low- or high-mass-gap BH produced as a merger product can then be detected by LIGO-Virgo if it merges again with a new companion. We show that the evolution of a 2+2 quadruple system can naturally lead to BH mergers with component masses in the low- or high-mass gaps. In our scenario, the BH in the mass gap originates from the merger of two NSs, or two BHs, in one of the two binaries and the merger product is imparted a recoil kick (from anisotropic gravitational wave emission), which triggers its interaction with the other binary component of the quadruple system. The outcome of this three-body interaction is usually a new eccentric compact binary containing the BH in the mass gap, which can then merge again. The merger rate is $\sim 10^{-7} - 10^{-2}$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ and $\sim 10^{-3} - 10^{-2}$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ for BHs in the low-mass and high-mass gap, respectively. As the sensitivity of gravitational wave detectors improves, tighter constraints will soon be placed on the stellar BH mass function.
description: 8 pages, 1 Table, 4 Figures, accepted by ApJ Lett
The incomplete beta function law for parallel tempering sampling of classical canonical systems
Creators: name: Predescu, Cristian
name: Predescu, Mihaela
name: Ciobanu, Cristian V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the acceptance probability for swaps in the parallel tempering Monte Carlo method for classical canonical systems is given by a universal function that depends on the average statistical fluctuations of the potential and on the ratio of the temperatures. The law, called the incomplete beta function law, is valid in the limit that the two temperatures involved in swaps are close to one another. An empirical version of the law, which involves the heat capacity of the system, is developed and tested on a Lennard-Jones cluster. We argue that the best initial guess for the distribution of intermediate temperatures for parallel tempering is a geometric progression and we also propose a technique for the computation of optimal temperature schedules. Finally, we demonstrate that the swap efficiency of the parallel tempering method for condensed-phase systems decreases naturally to zero at least as fast as the inverse square root of the dimensionality of the physical system.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures; minor changes; to appear in J. Chem. Phys
A biocultural perspective of theory in international relations: Cognition, culture, and interaction
Creators: name: Knight, Katherine Laverne
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: A paradox of international relations is that while its subject is ostensibly about multicultural interaction, culture has been treated as an epiphenomenon; either it has been viewed as a problem to be overcome, or it has been ignored. This underlies the theoretical crisis that has plagued the discipline since its inception. The failure to "problematize" culture has convoluted our understanding of international politics and disguised the parameters of social science. In this dissertation I argue that the failure of international relations theories is rooted in a misconceptualization of phenomena--agents, structures, and their interaction. This misconceptualization has perpetuated structuralism and denied agency. Recent attempts to overcome the agent-structure dualism continue the structuralist bias. Thus, we need to consider the problem in a new way to explain why structuralism is persistent and difficult to detect. Utilizing themes from the evolutionary, biological, and brain sciences, a model is developed that critiques prevailing conceptualizations of agents and structures and reconstructs the explanation of interaction. Agents and structures are deconstructed to their most essential characteristics, cognition and culture, and a multidisciplinary synthesis is offered to explain the generative structure of each variable. Evolutionary biology and neuroscience explain how culture structures cognition. A retardation in the pattern of human ontogenetic development results in delayed maturation of cognitive structures. Neuroplasticity allows synaptic connections in the brain to develop hierarchical patterns in response to environmental stimuli; thus, culture structures cognition. Clarifications made in evolutionary biology concerning the nature of causation are applied to the explanation of the structure of culture. As an artificial system, culture has ultimate (teleologic) and proximate (teleonomic) levels of causation, and cognition is the source of teleology. Failure to make this distinction confuses our understanding of culture and underpins structuralism. Neuroscience explains the distributed and associative structure of memory, which I relate to the multimodal structure of culture to explain why structuralism is persistent. The contribution of the model is the explanation of the causal mechanisms (neuroplasticity and teleology) of interaction. These explanations are then linked to the issues of epistemology, ontology, and conceptual anarchy in international relations.
Ancylandrena timberlakei Zavortink 1974
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Andrenidae
Ancylandrena
Ancylandrena timberlakei

description: Ancylandrena timberlakei Zavortink, 1974
[Holotype: CASC; ♂ 914–1036 mts, Spring Mountains, 20.9 km NW. of Las Vegas, Clark County, Nevada, US; May 11, 1969]
Ancylandrena timberlakei has been documented in California and both peninsular states. We examined one specimen from the Lower Colorado Desert from April 1973 (EMEC). For the BCP states there are only publicly accessible records from BC. In this project’s fieldwork, one female specimen was collected in the Baja California Mountains of Sierra Juárez in May 2022, and eight males and three females were collected in the transition zone between the Succulent Coastal Sage and the Central Desert in April 2023 (MABC). See fig. 6.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
A biocultural perspective of theory in international relations: Cognition, culture, and interaction
Creators: name: Knight, Katherine Laverne
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: A paradox of international relations is that while its subject is ostensibly about multicultural interaction, culture has been treated as an epiphenomenon; either it has been viewed as a problem to be overcome, or it has been ignored. This underlies the theoretical crisis that has plagued the discipline since its inception. The failure to "problematize" culture has convoluted our understanding of international politics and disguised the parameters of social science. In this dissertation I argue that the failure of international relations theories is rooted in a misconceptualization of phenomena--agents, structures, and their interaction. This misconceptualization has perpetuated structuralism and denied agency. Recent attempts to overcome the agent-structure dualism continue the structuralist bias. Thus, we need to consider the problem in a new way to explain why structuralism is persistent and difficult to detect. Utilizing themes from the evolutionary, biological, and brain sciences, a model is developed that critiques prevailing conceptualizations of agents and structures and reconstructs the explanation of interaction. Agents and structures are deconstructed to their most essential characteristics, cognition and culture, and a multidisciplinary synthesis is offered to explain the generative structure of each variable. Evolutionary biology and neuroscience explain how culture structures cognition. A retardation in the pattern of human ontogenetic development results in delayed maturation of cognitive structures. Neuroplasticity allows synaptic connections in the brain to develop hierarchical patterns in response to environmental stimuli; thus, culture structures cognition. Clarifications made in evolutionary biology concerning the nature of causation are applied to the explanation of the structure of culture. As an artificial system, culture has ultimate (teleologic) and proximate (teleonomic) levels of causation, and cognition is the source of teleology. Failure to make this distinction confuses our understanding of culture and underpins structuralism. Neuroscience explains the distributed and associative structure of memory, which I relate to the multimodal structure of culture to explain why structuralism is persistent. The contribution of the model is the explanation of the causal mechanisms (neuroplasticity and teleology) of interaction. These explanations are then linked to the issues of epistemology, ontology, and conceptual anarchy in international relations.
Parity violation in deuteron photo-disintegration
Creators: name: Fujiwara, M.
name: Titov, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the energy dependence for two types of parity-non-conserving (PNC) asymmetries in the reaction $γD\to np$ in the near-threshold region. The first one is the asymmetry in reaction with circularly polarized photon beam and unpolarized deuteron target. The second one corresponds to those with an unpolarized photon beam and polarized target. We find that the two asymmetries have quite different energy dependence, and their shapes are sensitive to the PNC-meson exchange coupling constants. The predictions for the future possible experiments to provide definite constraints for the PNC-coupling constants are discussed.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures. Submitted to Phys.Rev.C 10Oct.03
XALQARO TIJORAT ARBITRAJIDA UNIDROIT PRINSIPLARIDAN FOYDALANISH
Creators: name: Mamirov Jamshid Faxritdin o'g'li
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: ANNOTATSIYA

Ushbu tezisda  Xalqaro tijorat arbitrajida Prinsiplardan foydalanishning faqat ikkinchi va uchinchi variantlari, shuningdek, UNIDROIT tamoyillari asosida qabul qilingan hakamlik sudining qarorini bekor qilish yoki tan olish va ijro etishdan bosh tortish xavfi ko‘rib chiqiladi

Kalit so’zlar: Xalqaro tijorat arbitraji, UNIDROIT, prinsip, ICAC, ICC, UNCITRAL
Measurements of $H_0$ in modified gravity theories: The role of lensed quasars in the late-time Universe
Creators: name: D'Agostino, Rocco
name: Nunes, Rafael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we obtain measurements of the Hubble constant in the context of modified gravity theories. We set up our theoretical framework by considering viable cosmological $f(R)$ and $f(T)$ models, and we analyzed them through the use of geometrical data sets obtained in a model-independent way, namely, gravitationally lensed quasars with measured time delays, standard clocks from cosmic chronometers, and standard candles from the Pantheon Supernovae Ia sample. We find $H_0=(72.4\pm 1.4)$ km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$ and $H_0=(71.5\pm 1.3)$ km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$ for the $f(R)$ and $f(T)$ models, respectively. Our results represent 1.9\% and 1.8\% measurements of the Hubble constant, which are fully consistent with the local estimate of $H_0$ by the Hubble Space Telescope. We do not find significant departures from general relativity, as our study shows that the characteristic parameters of the extensions of gravity beyond general relativity are compatible with the $Λ$CDM cosmology. Moreover, within the standard cosmological framework, our full joint analysis suggests that it is possible to measure the dark energy equation of state parameter at 1.2\% accuracy, although we find no statistical evidence for deviations from the cosmological constant case.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. Matches the version published in PRD
Searching for Quark-Gluon Plasma(QGP) Bubble effects at RHIC/LHC
Creators: name: Lindenbaum, S. J.
name: Longacre, R. S.
name: Kramer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the early eighties, we have shared with Leon Van Hove the following view. That if a QGP were produced in high energy heavy ion colliders, that its hadronization products would likely come from small localized in phase space bubbles of plasma. We develop a model based on HIJING, to which we added a ring of adjoining multiple bubbles in the central rapidity region. Our simulations were designed to be tested by the forthcoming RHIC STAR detector data for 65 GeV/n Au colliding with 65 GeV/n Au. We took into account background and resonance effects to allow a direct comparison with the data. Later 100 GeV/n Au colliding with 100 GeV/n Au and LHC data could also test these ideas. We used two charged particle correlation's as a sensitive method to test for bubbles.
description: 32 pages, 18 figures
Spatio-Temporal Handwriting Imitation
Creators: name: Mayr, Martin
name: Stumpf, Martin
name: Nicolaou, Anguelos
name: Seuret, Mathias
name: Maier, Andreas
name: Christlein, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most people think that their handwriting is unique and cannot be imitated by machines, especially not using completely new content. Current cursive handwriting synthesis is visually limited or needs user interaction. We show that subdividing the process into smaller subtasks makes it possible to imitate someone's handwriting with a high chance to be visually indistinguishable for humans. Therefore, a given handwritten sample will be used as the target style. This sample is transferred to an online sequence. Then, a method for online handwriting synthesis is used to produce a new realistic-looking text primed with the online input sequence. This new text is then rendered and style-adapted to the input pen. We show the effectiveness of the pipeline by generating in- and out-of-vocabulary handwritten samples that are validated in a comprehensive user study. Additionally, we show that also a typical writer identification system can partially be fooled by the created fake handwritings.
description: Main paper: 16 pages, supplemental material: 7 pages
The effects of a problem-solving program utilizing environmental issues on achievement of Finite Mathematics students
Creators: name: Lee, Raymond Ellis
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy

description: The Department of Mathematics and Statistics at The American University was concerned about the ability of students to demonstrate skills in mathematics and to reason quantitatively at the college level. The department wanted to investigate changes that would help students with limited backgrounds in mathematics meet the minimum mathematics requirements for university competency. This study examined the effects of a program which incorporated environmental issues as a central theme in Finite Mathematics classes. This study involved two sections of Finite Mathematics each semester during the 91-92 academic year. Each semester the control groups followed the outline of material as traditionally presented. The experimental groups covered the same concepts using problems and examples involving environmental issues as a central theme in the presentation. As a result of using environmental issues as a central theme, there was a significant qualitative difference in responses to a questionnaire which demonstrated more interest and verbal interaction on the part of the experimental groups. More students from the experimental groups had positive comments about the structure of the course and expressed a belief that their experiences from the course would be useful later. Also, it was found that more students from the Fall 1991 experimental group enrolled in related courses for the Spring 1992 semester.
On the Origin of Ground-State Vacuum-Field Catalysis: Equilibrium Consideration
Creators: name: Li, Tao E.
name: Nitzan, Abraham
name: Subotnik, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments suggest that vibrational strong coupling (VSC) may significantly modify ground-state chemical reactions and their rates even without external pumping. The intrinsic mechanism of this "vacuum-field catalysis" remains largely unclear. Generally, modifications of thermal reactions in the ground electronic states can be caused by equilibrium or non-equilibrium effects. The former are associated with modifications of the reactant equilibrium distribution as expressed by the transition state theory of chemical reaction rates, while the latter stem from the dynamics of reaching and leaving transition configurations. Here, we examine the VSC effect in a cavity environment on chemical rates as calculated by transition state theory. Our approach is to examine the effect of coupling to cavity mode(s) on the potential of mean force (PMF) associated with the reaction coordinate. Within the context of classical nuclei and classical photons, we find that while the PMF can be affected by the cavity environment, this effect is negligible for the usual cavities used to examine VSC situations.
Merger-inspired rotation laws and the low-T/W instability in neutron stars
Creators: name: Passamonti, Andrea
name: Andersson, Nils
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Implementing a family of differential rotation laws inspired by binary neutron-star merger remnants, we consider the impact of the rotation profile on the low-T/W instability. We use time evolutions of the linearised dynamical equations, in Newtonian gravity, to study non-axisymmetric oscillations and identify the unstable modes. The presence and evolution of the low-T/W instability is monitored with the canonical energy and angular momentum, while the growth time is extracted from the evolved kinetic energy. The results for the new rotation laws highlight similarities with the commonly considered j-constant law. The instability sets in when an oscillation mode co-rotates with the star (i.e. whenever there is a point where the mode's pattern speed matches the bulk angular velocity) and grows faster deep inside the co-rotation region. However, the new profiles add features, like an additional co-rotation point to the problem, which affect the onset of instability. The rotation laws influence more drastically the oscillation frequencies of the l=m=2 f-mode in fast rotating models, but affect the instability growth time at any rotation rate. We also identify models where the low-T/W instability appears to be triggered by inertial modes. We discuss to what extent the inferred qualitative behaviour is likely to be of observational relevance.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures and 4 tables. Version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Fair Collective Choice Rules: Their Origin and Relationship
Creators: name: Nishimura, Yukihiro
name: Nishimura, Yukihiro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: Welfare Economics
subject: Social Choice
subject: Efficiency
subject: Equity
subject: No-Envy

description: This paper provides a conceptual framework on fair collective choice rules that synthesizes the studies of Goldman and Sussangkarn (1978) and Suzumura (1981) on the one hand and Tadenuma (2002, 2005) on the other. We show that both frameworks have the following binary relation as a common origin: an allocation x is at least as good as an allocation z if (i) x Pareto dominates z, or (ii) x equity-dominates z. Its transitive-closure and the strict relation derive different ranking criteria, but remarkably, with respect to the maximal elements, they have a set-inclusive relationship.
The effects of a problem-solving program utilizing environmental issues on achievement of Finite Mathematics students
Creators: name: Lee, Raymond Ellis
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The Department of Mathematics and Statistics at The American University was concerned about the ability of students to demonstrate skills in mathematics and to reason quantitatively at the college level. The department wanted to investigate changes that would help students with limited backgrounds in mathematics meet the minimum mathematics requirements for university competency. This study examined the effects of a program which incorporated environmental issues as a central theme in Finite Mathematics classes. This study involved two sections of Finite Mathematics each semester during the 91-92 academic year. Each semester the control groups followed the outline of material as traditionally presented. The experimental groups covered the same concepts using problems and examples involving environmental issues as a central theme in the presentation. As a result of using environmental issues as a central theme, there was a significant qualitative difference in responses to a questionnaire which demonstrated more interest and verbal interaction on the part of the experimental groups. More students from the experimental groups had positive comments about the structure of the course and expressed a belief that their experiences from the course would be useful later. Also, it was found that more students from the Fall 1991 experimental group enrolled in related courses for the Spring 1992 semester.
The Origins of the Institutions of Marriage
Creators: name: Adshade, Marina E.
name: Kaiser, Brooks
name: Adshade, Marina E.
name: Kaiser, Brooks
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Oxytocin
subject: Vasopressin
subject: Neurohormones
subject: Marriage
subject: Monogamy
subject: Polygamy
subject: Development of Institutions
subject: Family structure

description: Standard economic theories of household formation predict the rise of institutionalized polyg- yny in response to increased resource inequality among men. We propose a theory, within the framework of a matching model of marriage, in which, in some cases, institutionalized monogamy prevails, even when resources are unequally distributed, as a result of agricultural externalities that increase the presence of pair-bonding hormones. Within marriage, hormone levels contribute to the formation of the marital pair bond, the strength of which determines a man's willingness to invest in his wife's children. These pair bonds are reinforced through phys- ical contact between the man and his wife and can be amplified by externalities produced by certain production technologies. Both the presence of additional wives and the absence of these externalities reduce the strength of the marital bond and, where the fitness of a child is increas- ing in paternal investment, reduce a woman's expected lifetime fertility. Multiple equilibria in terms of the dominant form of marriage (for example, polygyny or monogamy) are possible, if the surplus to a match is a function of reproductive success as well as material income. Using evidence from the Standard Cross Cultural Sample and Murdock's Ethnographic Atlas, we find that agricultural production externalities that affect neurological pair-bonding incentives significantly reduce the tendency to polygyny, even when resource inequality is present.
Probability density function of turbulent velocity fluctuations in rough-wall boundary layer
Creators: name: Mouri, H.
name: Takaoka, M.
name: Hori, A.
name: Kawashima, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The probability density function of single-point velocity fluctuations in turbulence is studied systematically using Fourier coefficients in the energy-containing range. In ideal turbulence where energy-containing motions are random and independent, the Fourier coefficients tend to Gaussian and independent of each other. Velocity fluctuations accordingly tend to Gaussian. However, if energy-containing motions are intermittent or contaminated with bounded-amplitude motions such as wavy wakes, the Fourier coefficients tend to non-Gaussian and dependent of each other. Velocity fluctuations accordingly tend to non-Gaussian. These situations are found in our experiment of a rough-wall boundary layer.
description: 6 pages, to appear in Physical Review E
Porpidia albocaerulescens var. polycarpiza Rambold & Hertel 1989
Creators: name: Kalb, Klaus
name: Buaruang, Kawinnat
name: Mongkolsuk, Pachara
name: Boonpragob, Kansri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecideales
Lecideaceae
Porpidia
Porpidia albocaerulescens
Porpidia albocaerulescens (wulf.) hertel & knoph var. polycarpiza (vain.) rambold & hertel

description: Porpidia albocaerulescens (Wulf.) Hertel & Knoph var. polycarpiza (Vain.) Rambold & Hertel
 Porpidia albocaerulescens is characterized by a whitish grey thallus and immersed apothecia with whitepruinose discs. The norstictic acid containing chemotype has a center of distribution in the subtropical and tropical regions of South-East Asia. It has been reported from the southern Mediterranean region, eastern North America, the tropical parts of eastern Australia (Rambold 1989), the Philippines, India, China, Taiwan, Japan and Indonesia (Hertel 1977). Therefore the finding in Thailand is not surprising. It is a further addition to the Thai lichen biota.
 Specimen examined:— THAILAND. Chiang Mai Province: Lumphun, Mae On, ESE of Chiang Mai; descent from Doi Mon Larn to Mae Kam Pong village, on a low arenite boulder in an evergreen mountain forest dominated by Lithocarpus, Quercus and Castanopsis, ca. 1500 m. 18°51’22’’ N, 99°22’02’’ E, 19 March 2008, K. Kalb, K. Buaruang & W. Saipunkaew (hb. Kalb, 36889, dupl. RAMK). Chemistry: norstictic acid (major) and connorstictic acid (minor).
description: Published as part of Kalb, Klaus, Buaruang, Kawinnat, Mongkolsuk, Pachara & Boonpragob, Kansri, 2012, New or otherwise interesting Lichens. VI, including a lichenicolous fungus, pp. 35-47 in Phytotaxa 42 on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.42.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/4894823
Consequences of neutrino self interactions for weak decoupling and big bang nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Grohs, E.
name: Fuller, George M.
name: Sen, Manibrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate and discuss the implications of neutrino self-interactions for the physics of weak decoupling and big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) in the early universe. In such neutrino-sector extensions of the standard model, neutrinos may not free-stream, yet can stay thermally coupled to one another. Nevertheless, the neutrinos exchange energy and entropy with the photon, electron-positron, and baryon component of the early universe only through the ordinary weak interaction. We examine the effects of neutrino self-interaction for the primordial helium and deuterium abundances and $N_{\rm eff}$, a measure of relativistic energy density at photon decoupling. These quantities are determined in, or may be influenced by, the physics in the weak decoupling epoch. Self interacting neutrinos have been invoked to address a number of anomalies, including as a possible means of ameliorating tension in the Hubble parameter. Our calculations show that surprisingly subtle changes in BBN accompany some of these neutrino self-interaction schemes. Such minute signals require high-precision measurements, making deuterium the best abundance for BBN constraints in the models explored here.
description: Version accepted by JCAP. 26 pages, 5 figures; mistakes in Sec. 5 corrected; model clarified in Sec. 1
Fort Custer 076
Creators: name: Bauer, Herb
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2019

description: Capt [Enzo F.] Costaldo, Col [John H.] Sturgeon, Lt Col [Michael L.] Mason, maj Broehm [?] Review 12th Gen. Hosp. May 23, 1942 at Ft Custer, Mich--handwritten on back of photograph.
The matrix regularization for Riemann surfaces with magnetic fluxes
Creators: name: Adachi, Hiroyuki
name: Ishiki, Goro
name: Matsumoto, Takaki
name: Saito, Kaishu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the matrix regularization of fields on a Riemann surface which couple to gauge fields with a nonvanishing magnetic flux. We show that such fields are described as rectangular matrices in the matrix regularization. We construct the matrix regularization explicitly for the case of the sphere and torus based on the Berezin-Toeplitz quantization, and also discuss a possible generalization to cases with higher genera. We also discuss the matrix version of the Laplacian acting on the rectangular matrices.
description: 42 pages, 1 figure; v3: some references and 1 figure with some comments added, minor modifications
The Role of Implied Volatility in Forecasting Future Realized Volatility and Jumps in Foreign Exchange, Stock, and Bond Markets
Creators: name: Busch, Thomas
name: Jesper Christensen, Bent
name: Orregaard Nielsen, Morten
name: Busch, Thomas
name: Jesper Christensen, Bent
name: Orregaard Nielsen, Morten
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Bipower variation
subject: HAR
subject: Heterogeneous
subject: Autoregressive Model
subject: implied volatility
subject: jumps
subject: options
subject: realized volatility
subject: VecHAR
subject: volatility forecasting

description: We study the forecasting of future realized volatility in the foreign exchange, stock, and bond markets from variables in the information set, including implied volatility backed out from option prices. Realized volatility is separated into its continuous and jump components, and the heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR) model is applied with implied volatility as an additional forecasting variable. A vector HAR (VecHAR) model for the resulting simultaneous system is introduced, controlling for possible endogeneity issues. We find that implied volatility contains incremental information about future volatility in all three markets, relative to past continuous and jump components, and it is an unbiased forecast in the foreign exchange and stock markets. Out-of-sample forecasting experiments confirm that implied volatility is important in forecasting fu- ture realized volatility components in all three markets. Perhaps surprisingly, the jump component is, to some extent, predictable, and options appear calibrated to incorporate information about future jumps in all three markets.
Migration from Turkey and the Uncertainty of the Accession of Turkey to the EU
Creators: name: Beton, Demet
name: Jenkins, Glenn
name: Beton, Demet
name: Jenkins, Glenn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Turkey
subject: Migration
subject: Uncertainty
subject: Accession
subject: European Union

description: There is a fear that if Turkey were given admission to the EU massive migration to the other member countries of the EU would result. This paper develops a theoretical framework for the migration decision that takes into consideration the impact on uncertainty of some of the important economic and social variables that are addressed by the EU membership and institutions. It emphasizes future expectations of living conditions and the level of uncertainty associated with them as a key variable in making migration decisions. It suggests that the more prosperous and stable Turkey is expected to be in the future the less likely a person will now want to migrate. Hence, the greater certainty now that Turkey will gain admission in to EU, the more attractive is it for potential migrants to remain in Turkey. This framework suggests that measures to hinder Turkey’s entry into the EU by having national referendums to approve its entry will increase the uncertainty of the future economic and social prospects in Turkey and will encourage migrants to migrate now to the member countries of the EU.
A Wearable Gait Monitoring System for 17 Gait Parameters Based on Computer Vision
Creators: name: Chen, Jiangang
name: Sun, Yung-Hong
name: Pickett, Kristen
name: King, Barbara
name: Hu, Yu Hen
name: Jiang, Hongrui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We developed a shoe-mounted gait monitoring system capable of tracking up to 17 gait parameters, including gait length, step time, stride velocity, and others. The system employs a stereo camera mounted on one shoe to track a marker placed on the opposite shoe, enabling the estimation of spatial gait parameters. Additionally, a Force Sensitive Resistor (FSR) affixed to the heel of the shoe, combined with a custom-designed algorithm, is utilized to measure temporal gait parameters. Through testing on multiple participants and comparison with the gait mat, the proposed gait monitoring system exhibited notable performance, with the accuracy of all measured gait parameters exceeding 93.61%. The system also demonstrated a low drift of 4.89% during long-distance walking. A gait identification task conducted on participants using a trained Transformer model achieved 95.7% accuracy on the dataset collected by the proposed system, demonstrating that our hardware has the potential to collect long-sequence gait data suitable for integration with current Large Language Models (LLMs). The system is cost-effective, user-friendly, and well-suited for real-life measurements.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures. This paper was submitted for publication to the IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
Monetary Transmission Mechanism in a Small Open Economy: A Bayesian Structural VAR Approach
Creators: name: Bhuiyan, Rokon
name: Bhuiyan, Rokon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Monetary policy
subject: structural VAR
subject: block exogeneity
subject: impulse response

description: This paper develops an open-economy Bayesian structural VAR model for Canada in order to estimate the effects of monetary policy shocks, using the overnight target rate as the policy instrument. I allow the policy variable and the financial variables of the model to interact simultaneously with each other and with a number of other home and foreign variables. When I estimate this over-identified VAR model, I find that the policy shock transmits to real output through both the interest rate and exchange rate channels, and the shock does not induce a departure from uncovered interest rate parity. I also find that the impulse response of the monetary aggregate, M1, does not exactly follow the impulse response of the target rate. Finally, I find that Canadian variables significantly responds to the US federal funds rate shock, and external shocks are an important source of Canadian output fluctuations.
Variability of Narrow, Associated Absorption Lines in Moderate- and Low-Redshift Quasars
Creators: name: Wise, J. H.
name: Eracleous, M.
name: Charlton, J. C.
name: Ganguly, . R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a search for variability in the equivalent widths (EWs) of narrow, associated (Delta v < 5,000 km/s) absorption lines found in the UV spectra of z < 1.5 quasars. The goal of this search was to use variability as a means of identifying absorption lines arising in gas that is intrinsic to the quasar central engine. We have compared archival HST/FOS spectra of quasars with recent spectra obtained as part of our own snapshot survey of the same objects with STIS. The intervals between observations are 4-10 years. We primarily focused on the C IV absorption lines, although we also studied other lines available in the same spectra (e.g., Ly-alpha, N V, O VI). Our main result is that 4 out of 15 quasars, or 4 out of 19 associated absorption systems, contained variable narrow absorption lines, which are indicative of intrinsic absorption. We conclude that a minimum of 21% of the associated absorption-line systems are variable. Because not all systems will have necessarily varied, this is a lower limit on this fraction and it is consistent with previous estimates based on variability, partial coverage analysis, or statistical arguments. If we interpret the upper limits on the variability time scale as upper limits on the recombination time of the absorber, we constrain the density of the absorber to be n_e > 3000 cm^{-3} and its distance from the ionizing source to be R < 100pc. Moreover, we are now able to pick out specific intrinsic absorption-line systems to be followed up with high-dispersion spectroscopy in order to constrain the geometry, location, and physical conditions of the absorber. We briefly illustrate how followup studies can yield such constraints by means of a simulation.
description: 42 pages, including 2 tables and 8 figures. To appear in ApJ, vol. 613, 20 Sep. 2004
First-principles study of ultrafast dynamics of Dirac plasmon in graphene
Creators: name: Novko, Dino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploring low-loss two-dimensional plasmon modes is considered central for achieving light manipulation at the nanoscale and applications in plasmonic science and technology. In this context, pump-probe spectroscopy is a powerful tool for investigating these collective modes and the corresponding energy transfer processes. Here, I present a first-principles study on non-equilibrium Dirac plasmon in graphene, wherein damping channels under ultrafast conditions are still not fully explored. The laser-induced blueshift of plasmon energy is explained in terms of thermal increase of the electron-hole pair concentration in the intraband channel. Interestingly, while damping pathways of the equilibrium graphene plasmon are entirely ruled by scatterings with acoustic phonons, the photoinduced plasmon predominantly transfers its energy to the strongly coupled hot optical phonons, which explains the experimentally-observed tenfold increase of the plasmon linewidth. The present study paves the way for an in-depth theoretical comprehension of plasmon temporal dynamics in novel two-dimensional systems and heterostructures.
description: Article as accepted for publication in "New Journal of Physics"
Cosmological Variation of the Fine Structure Constant versus a new Interaction
Creators: name: Angstmann, E. J.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Karshenboim, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show why a dynamically varying fine structure constant does not impact on the Webb group's analysis as suggested by Bekenstein. We also provide a limit on the size of a possible correction to the Dirac Hamiltonian caused by a perturbation due to a dynamically varying alpha in hydrogen.