cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An ethnography of communication and its implications for teachers of native Indian students
Creators: name: Nowell Preston, Jo-Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: One urban native Indian community was observed over a period of seven months in order to: 1. Complete an ethnography of communication, describing the sociolinguistic rules of interaction followed by members of one Native community. 2. Examine the school environment to see whether differences between Mainstream rules for interaction and native Indian rules for interaction may cause miscommunication. 3. Discuss ways in which teachers can be better prepared for Standard English as a Second Dialect situations, either in special S.E.S.D. programs, or as classroom teachers. Data were collected in a wide variety of situations, mainly involving school age children and their interactants, in mainly pedagogical and school settings. Observation showed considerable diversity in the communication behaviours of community members. This variation occurred in two dimensions: young-old and traditional-Mainstream, and was especially apparent in four areas: volume, intonation, pause-time and eye contact. Degree of intimacy and age of participants seemed to be important in determining whether a situation was classed as speech or nonspeech. In addition, many sociolinguistic behaviours seemed linked to (if not generated by) various value orientations. The value "respect elders" was reflected in rules for interruptions, topic control, and the absence of "why" challenges. Respect for the individual seemed to be the basis for rules regarding introductions, performance, pulling strings, requesting assistance, and children's degree of independence. The importance of family appeared to influence topic choice, and naming. An avoidance of drawing attention to oneself seemed to explain rules for greetings, farewells, showing off, praise, and taking oneself seriously. Finally, this community appeared to be more context-oriented than Mainstream society. A comparison of home-talk and school-talk suggested differences in the use of directives, closed questions, and in assumptions about when to talk, specifically regarding degree of intimacy, focus on task, and getting communicative space. Findings of this study suggest that teachers can facilitate communication (and thus education) in five ways, by: 1. Getting out of the classroom and into the community. 2. Dealing with parents on their terms. 3. Adjusting classroom atmosphere. 4. Adjusting classroom language. 5. Teaching sociolinguistic rules.
Unified quark-hadron EoS and critical endpoint in the QCD phase diagram
Creators: name: Blaschke, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a recent development towards a unified description of quark-hadron matter in the QCD phase diagram that is based on a cluster decomposition of the generalized Beth-Uhlenbeck approach to quark matter, selfconsistently coupled to Polyakov-loop and mesonic background fields. The Mott dissociation of hadrons under extreme conditions of temperature and density is triggered by chiral symmetry restoration and confining aspects are modeled by the coupling to the background mean fields. First results for the QCD phase diagram with the capability to describe critical endpoints as well as crossover-all-over are presented and an excellent agreement with lattice QCD on the temperature axis is obtained.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, Contribution to the Proceedings of the Workshop on "Criticality in QCD and the Hadron Resonance Gas", Wroclaw, 31. July 2020
Rotating relativistic thin disks as sources of charged and magnetized Kerr-NUT spacetimes
Creators: name: García-Reyes, Gonzalo
name: González, Guillermo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A family of models of counterrotating and rotating relativistic thin discs of infinite extension based on a charged and magnetized Kerr-NUT metric are constructed using the well-known "displace, cut and reflect" method extended to solutions of vacuum Einstein-Maxwell equations. The metric considered has as limiting cases a charged and magnetized Taub-NUT solution and the well known Kerr-Newman solutions. We show that for Kerr-Newman fields the eigenvalues of the energy-momentum tensor of the disc are for all the values of the parameters real quantities so that these discs do not present heat flow in any case, whereas for charged and magnetized Kerr-NUT and Taub-NUT fields we find always regions with heat flow. We also find a general constraint over the counterrotating tangential velocities needed to cast the surface energy-momentum tensor of the disc as the superposition of two counterrotating charged dust fluids. We show that, in general, it is not possible to take the two counterrotating fluids as circulating along electrogeodesics nor take the two counterrotating tangential velocities as equal and opposite.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, Latex
The prompt, high resolution spectroscopic view of the "naked-eye" GRB080319B
Creators: name: D'Elia, V.
name: Fiore, F.
name: Perna, R.
name: Krongold, Y.
name: Covino, S.
name: Fugazza, D.
name: Lazzati, D.
name: Nicastro, F.
name: Antonelli, L. A.
name: Campana, S.
name: Chincarini, G.
name: D'Avanzo, P.
name: Della Valle, M.
name: Goldoni, P.
name: Guetta, D.
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Meurs, E. J. A.
name: Molinari, F. Mirabel E.
name: Norci, L.
name: Piranomonte, S.
name: Stella, L.
name: Stratta, G.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Ward, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB080319B reached 5th optical magnitude during the burst prompt emission. Thanks to the VLT/UVES rapid response mode, we observed its afterglow just 8m:30s after the GRB onset when the magnitude was R ~ 12. This allowed us to obtain the best signal-to-noise, high resolution spectrum of a GRB afterglow ever (S/N per resolution element ~ 50). The spectrum is rich of absorption features belonging to the main system at z=0.937, divided in at least six components spanning a total velocity range of 100 km/s. The VLT/UVES observations caught the absorbing gas in a highly excited state, producing the strongest Fe II fine structure lines ever observed in a GRB. A few hours later the optical depth of these lines was reduced by a factor of 4-20, and the optical/UV flux by a factor of ~ 60. This proves that the excitation of the observed fine structure lines is due to "pumping" by the GRB UV photons. A comparison of the observed ratio between the number of photons absorbed by the excited state and those in the Fe II ground state suggests that the six absorbers are ~ 2-6 kpc from the GRB site, with component I ~ 3 times closer to the GRB site than components III to VI. Component I is characterized also by the lack of Mg I absorption, unlike all other components. This may be due both to a closer distance and a lower density, suggesting a structured ISM in this galaxy complex.
description: 7 pages, 6 .ps figures, ApJL, submitted version #2. Substantial modification with respect to version #1
Nonlocal and nonadiabatic Pauli potential for time-dependent orbital-free density functional theory
Creators: name: Jiang, Kaili
name: Shao, Xuecheng
name: Pavanello, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-dependent orbital-free density functional theory (TD-OFDFT) is an efficient ab-initio method for calculating the electronic dynamics of large systems. In comparison to standard TD-DFT, it computes only a single electronic state regardless of system size, but it requires an additional time-dependent Pauli potential term. We propose a nonadiabatic and nonlocal Pauli potential whose main ingredients are the time-dependent particle and current densities. Our calculations of the optical spectra of metallic and semiconductor clusters indicate that nonlocal and nonadiabatic TD-OFDFT performs accurately for metallic systems and semiquantitatively for semiconductors. This work opens the door to wide applicability of TD-OFDFT for nonequilibrium electron and electron-nuclear dynamics of materials.
Future of the universe in modified gravitational theories: Approaching to the finite-time future singularity
Creators: name: Bamba, Kazuharu
name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the future evolution of the dark energy universe in modified gravities including $F(R)$ gravity, string-inspired scalar-Gauss-Bonnet and modified Gauss-Bonnet ones, and ideal fluid with the inhomogeneous equation of state (EoS). Modified Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) dynamics for all these theories may be presented in universal form by using the effective ideal fluid with an inhomogeneous EoS without specifying its explicit form. We construct several examples of the modified gravity which produces accelerating cosmologies ending at the finite-time future singularity of all four known types by applying the reconstruction program. Some scenarios to resolve the finite-time future singularity are presented. Among these scenarios, the most natural one is related with additional modification of the gravitational action in the early universe. In addition, late-time cosmology in the non-minimal Maxwell-Einstein theory is considered. We investigate the forms of the non-minimal gravitational coupling which generates the finite-time future singularities and the general conditions for this coupling in order that the finite-time future singularities cannot emerge. Furthermore, it is shown that the non-minimal gravitational coupling can remove the finite-time future singularities or make the singularity stronger (or weaker) in modified gravity.
description: 25 pages, no figure, title changed, accepted in JCAP
The candidate filament close to the 3C295 galaxy cluster: optical and X-ray spectroscopy
Creators: name: D'Elia, Valerio
name: Fiore, Fabrizio
name: Mathur, Smita
name: Cocchia, Filomena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of the overdensity of X-ray sources colse to the 3C 295 galaxy cluster (z=0.46) to assess whether it is associated with a filament of the large-scale structure of the Universe. We obtained optical spectra of the optical counterparts of eleven sources associated with the filament, finding that one is at z=0.474. This is a type 1 AGN at 1.5 arcmin from the cluster center. We found three more sources with a redshift in the range 0.37 - 0.53. We extracted the stacked X-ray spectrum of 47 X-ray sources belonging to the putative filament. We found a significant narrow (at the resolution of the Chandra ACIS-I) line at E ~ 4.4 keV, the energy of the iron Kalpha line at the redshift of the cluster. The detection of this line is confirmed at a confidence level of better than 3sigma and its energy is constrained to be in the range 6.2--6.47 (at a 90% confidence level), excluding an identification with the 6.7 helium-like iron line from the hot cluster ICM at better than 4 sigma. We conclude that the detection of the redshifted line is a strong indication that at least several of the excess sources lie at z ~ 0.46 and that AGNs are efficient tracers of the ``filament'' connected with the central cluster of galaxies.
description: 7 Pages 9 .ps figures, A&A in press
Inventory of smart and novel technologies
Creators: name: Jaubin, Jelle
name: Anne-Claire Legon
name: Kondratenko, Irena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: EPC, smart technology, novel technology, energy assessment

description: This deliverable describes the process that has been followed in ePANACEA Task 2.2 Inventory of smart and novel technologies. The objective of this task is to develop an inventory, containing novel, smart and innovative technologies which have an impact on the building energy performance. This inventory has mapped a number of relevant technologies, and for each a brief description was given. In addition, the potential impact on the building energy performance or on the energy system was assessed. To this initial inventory of technologies, a process of prioritisation was applied, and together with three rounds of consultation of involved partners this has led to the selection of minimum three technologies for which in task 4.2 a methodology will be developed to assess the impact on the building energy performance (or the wider energy system) and which can be incorporated in simplified energy balance calculations of existing energy performance certification schemes.
Assessing the N-Nitrosamine Formation Potential of Selected Ionic Liquids, 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Bromide and 1-Ethyl-1-Methylpyrrolidinium Bromide, Treated With the Drinking Water Disinfectant Monochloramine
Creators: name: Vander Meulen, Ian J
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Libraries
Year: 2019

Abstract
Thorough analysis of input physics in CESAM and CLES codes
Creators: name: Montalban, Josefina
name: Lebreton, Yveline
name: Miglio, Andrea
name: Scuflaire, Richard
name: Morel, Pierre
name: Noels, Arlette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This contribution is not about the quality of the agreement between stellar models computed by CESAM and CLES codes, but more interesting, on what ESTA-Task~1 run has taught us about these codes and about the input physics they use. We also quantify the effects of different implementations of the same physics on the seismic properties of the stellar models, that in fact is the main aim of ESTA experiments.
description: 11 pages, 12 fig. Accepted for publication in ApSS CoRoT/ESTA Volum
Additional file 1 of Dose-response association between device-measured physical activity and incident dementia: a prospective study from UK Biobank
Creators: name: Petermann-Rocha, Fanny
name: Lyall, Donald M.
name: Gray, Stuart R.
name: Gill, Jason M. R.
name: Sattar, Naveed
name: Welsh, Paul
name: Quinn, Terence J.
name: Stewart, William
name: Pell, Jill P.
name: Ho, Frederick K.
name: Celis-Morales, Carlos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:. List of morbidities. Table S1. Associations between categories of MVPA and incident dementia (all-cause, Alzheimer’s disease, and vascular dementia). Figure S1. Device-measured PA and its association with indecent dementia (all-cause, Alzheimer’s disease, and vascular dementia) using min/week. Figure S2. Device-measured PA and its association with indecent dementia (all-cause, Alzheimer’s disease, and vascular dementia) using a 2-year landmark. Figure S3. Cumulative hazard plot of Alzheimer’s disease incidence by categories of MVPA and follow-up time. Figure S4. Cumulative hazard plot of Alzheimer’s disease incidence by categories of MVPA and age. Figure S5. Cumulative hazard plot of vascular dementia incidence by categories of MVPA and follow-up time. Figure S6. Cumulative hazard plot of vascular dementia incidence by categories of MVPA and age.
Comparing two samples by penalized logistic regression
Creators: name: Fokianos, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G05 (Primary) 62G20 (Secondary)

description: Inference based on the penalized density ratio model is proposed and studied. The model under consideration is specified by assuming that the log--likelihood function of two unknown densities is of some parametric form. The model has been extended to cover multiple samples problems while its theoretical properties have been investigated using large sample theory. A main application of the density ratio model is testing whether two, or more, distributions are equal. We extend these results by arguing that the penalized maximum empirical likelihood estimator has less mean square error than that of the ordinary maximum likelihood estimator, especially for small samples. In fact, penalization resolves any existence problems of estimators and a modified Wald type test statistic can be employed for testing equality of the two distributions. A limited simulation study supports further the theory.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-EJS078 the Electronic Journal of Statistics (http://www.i-journals.org/ejs/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Harms of Gender Exclusivity and Challenges in Non-Binary Representation in Language Technologies
Creators: name: Dev, Sunipa
name: Monajatipoor, Masoud
name: Ovalle, Anaelia
name: Subramonian, Arjun
name: Phillips, Jeff M
name: Chang, Kai-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Gender is widely discussed in the context of language tasks and when examining the stereotypes propagated by language models. However, current discussions primarily treat gender as binary, which can perpetuate harms such as the cyclical erasure of non-binary gender identities. These harms are driven by model and dataset biases, which are consequences of the non-recognition and lack of understanding of non-binary genders in society. In this paper, we explain the complexity of gender and language around it, and survey non-binary persons to understand harms associated with the treatment of gender as binary in English language technologies. We also detail how current language representations (e.g., GloVe, BERT) capture and perpetuate these harms and related challenges that need to be acknowledged and addressed for representations to equitably encode gender information.
Physical instrumental vetoes for gravitational-wave burst triggers
Creators: name: Ajith, P.
name: Hewitson, M.
name: Smith, J. R.
name: Grote, H.
name: Hild, S.
name: Strain, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a robust strategy to \emph{veto} certain classes of instrumental glitches that appear at the output of interferometric gravitational-wave (GW) detectors.This veto method is `physical' in the sense that, in order to veto a burst trigger, we make use of our knowledge of the coupling of different detector subsystems to the main detector output. The main idea behind this method is that the noise in an instrumental channel X can be \emph{transferred} to the detector output (channel H) using the \emph{transfer function} from X to H, provided the noise coupling is \emph{linear} and the transfer function is \emph{unique}. If a non-stationarity in channel H is causally related to one in channel X, the two have to be consistent with the transfer function. We formulate two methods for testing the consistency between the burst triggers in channel X and channel H. One method makes use of the \emph{null-stream} constructed from channel H and the \emph{transferred} channel X, and the second involves cross-correlating the two. We demonstrate the efficiency of the veto by `injecting' instrumental glitches in the hardware of the GEO 600 detector. The \emph{veto safety} is demonstrated by performing GW-like hardware injections. We also show an example application of this method using 5 days of data from the fifth science run of GEO 600. The method is found to have very high veto efficiency with a very low accidental veto rate.
description: Minor changes, To appear in Phys. Rev. D
The Evolution of Galaxies
Creators: name: Palouš, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of galaxies results from a combination of internal and external processes. The star formation is an internal process transforming cold and dense cores of molecular clouds to stars. It may be triggered internally by expanding shells, or externally, e. g. by galaxy collisions. The gas accretion and galaxy merging events are external contributors to galaxy evolution. They compete with another internal process of galaxy evolution, which is the secular evolution redistributing the mass and angular momentum inside of galaxies as a consequence of bar and spiral arms formation. As a nearby example of gas accretion we mention the interacting system Milky Way - Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. Stripping of ISM in galaxy clusters is reviewed as another example of interaction of galaxies with their environment.
description: 9 pages, no figures, invited lecture at the School "Helioshpere and Galaxy"
Additional file 1 of Overt speech critically changes lateralization index and did not allow determination of hemispheric dominance for language: an fMRI study
Creators: name: Berro, David Hassanein
name: Lemée, Jean-Michel
name: Leiber, Louis-Marie
name: Emery, Evelyne
name: Menei, Philippe
name: Ter Minassian, Aram
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. An example illustrating the paradigm used in our functional session. There were blocks of 16 seconds of word-sentences matching task (4 x 4 seconds) alternating with blocks of 16 seconds of tones-listening. A French random word (example: “Chien”) were audibly given to the subject who generated a short sentence (example: “Je promène mon chien”) semantically linked to the heard word. Each tone in the tones-listening block was a combination of three tones of increased frequency. Figure S2. Changes in the laterality index (LI) from Covert to Overt contrasts in specific brain areas. A: within the temporal mask. B: within the frontal mask excluding the precentral gyri. C: within the parietal mask excluding the postcentral gyri. Positive LI indicates left lateralization. Figure S3. Group-level one-sample t-test of the contrast covert speech production vs tone listening (A) and the contrast overt speech production vs tone listening (B), analyzed within the specific masks of the language (LANG), cingulo-opercular (CO) and ventral attention (VAN) networks. Images are projected on an MNI template. the left side of the brain is on the left. Images are shown corrected for multiple comparison FWE = 0.05 at the voxel-level with a minimum cluster extent k = 5. The color bar indicates T values. White numbers are the coordinates of the corresponding slices. In both the Covert and Overt contrasts, an intersection was found in a 208- and 389-voxel cluster, respectively, within right presupplementary motor area. Table S1. Maximal amplitudes of the 6 dimensions of head motion for the 33 subjects, in the overt and covert functional sessions. SD: standard deviation. Table S2. LI values for each contrast (Covert and Overt) and for each resting-state network (LANG, VAN, and CO), with and without the different used excluding masks. Table S3. One-sample t-test, group-level, 2nd order analysis of the contrast covert sentence generation vs tone listening within the mask FWE 0.05 corrected cluster-level (uncorrected 0.001 voxel-level) of the salience network as identified by functional connectivity analysis (n = 33). Peaks of activity are reported FWE 0.05 corrected at the voxel-level. Table S4. One-sample t-test, group-level, 2nd order analysis of the contrast overt sentence generation vs tone listening within the mask FWE 0.05 corrected cluster-level (uncorrected 0.001 voxel-level) of the salience network as identified by functional connectivity analysis (n = 33). Peaks of activity are reported FWE 0.05 corrected at the voxel-level.
Delivering Gigabit Capacities to Passenger Trains Tales from an Operator on the Road to 5G
Creators: name: Jamaly, Nima
name: Mauron, Stefan
name: Merz, Ruben
name: Schumacher, Adrian
name: Wenger, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Delivering reliable and high-capacity Internet connectivity to high-speed train users is a challenge. Modern railway cars act as Faraday cages and a typical train consist comprises several hundreds of users moving at high velocity. Furthermore, with the global availability of fourth generation (4G) Long Term Evolution (LTE), user expectations have dramatically increased: it is expected to be online anytime and anywhere. Demand for mobile high-capacity is being driven by video and music streaming services, for lower latency and higher availability by gaming, and for more reliability and even uplink capacity by mission critical applications. Finally, the life-cycle of the railway industry is much longer than for telecommunications, which makes supporting 5G challenging. In this paper, we survey the challenges associated with delivering high-capacity connectivity to train users, describe potential options, and highlight how a leading western European operator is tackling these challenges and preparing for 5G and beyond.
description: Published in IEEE Communications Magazine (Volume: 57, Issue: 9, September 2019)
On the homotopy type of the Deligne-Mumford compactification
Creators: name: Ebert, Johannes
name: Giansiracusa, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32G15; 30F60; 14A20; 14D22

description: An old theorem of Charney and Lee says that the classifying space of the category of stable nodal topological surfaces and isotopy classes of degenerations has the same rational homology as the Deligne-Mumford compactification. We give an integral refinement: the classifying space of the Charney-Lee category actually has the same homotopy type as the moduli stack of stable curves, and the etale homotopy type of the moduli stack is equivalent to the profinite completion of the classifying space of the Charney-Lee category.
description: 14 pages, published version
System Design for the Event Horizon Imaging Experiment Using the PECMEO Concept
Creators: name: Kudriashov, V.
name: Martin-Neira, M.
name: Barat, I.
name: Iglesias, P. Martin
name: Daganzo-Eusebio, E.
name: Alagha, N.
name: Valenta, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept for space interferometry from Polar or Equatorial Circular Medium Earth Orbits (the PECMEO concept) is a promising way to acquire the image of the "shadow" of the event horizon of Sagittarius A* with an angular resolution of circa 5 microarcseconds. The concept is intended to decrease the size of the main reflector of the instrument to about 3 m using a precise orbit reconstruction based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) navigation, inter-satellite range and range-rate measurements, and data from the Attitude and Orbit Determination System (AODS). The paper provides the current progress on the definition of the subsystems required for the concept on the basis of simulations, radio regulations, and available technology. The paper proposes the requirement for the localization of the phase centre of the main reflector. The paper provides information about the visibility of GNSS satellites and the needed accuracies of the AODS. The paper proposes the frequency plan for the instrument and its Inter-Satellite Links (ISLs). The concepts for measurement of range and range rate using ISLs (as well as for the data exchange at these ISLs) are presented. The block diagram of the interferometer is described and its sensitivity is estimated. The link budget for both ISLs is given as well as their critical components. The calculated measurement quality factors are given. The paper shows the expected performance of the sub-systems of the interferometer. The requirements for the localization of the main reflectors and the information about the availability of the GNSS satellites are based on the simulations results. (Two sentences have been deleted in order to satisfy the maximum symbol count established by arXiv rules.) The paper provides input information for the development of the orbit reconstruction filter and the whole PECMEO system.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Cyclicity of period annuli and principalization of Bautin ideals
Creators: name: Gavrilov, Lubomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34C07, 37G20

description: We prove that the maximal number of limit cycles which bifurcate from an open period annulus under a given multi-parameter analytic deformation of a given analytic vector field is the same as in an appropriate one-parameter analytic deformation of the field, provided that this cyclicity is finite. Along the same lines we give also a bound of the cyclicity of homoclinic saddle loops.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Radiation from matter-antimatter annihilation in the quark nugget model of dark matter
Creators: name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Samsonov, I. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the properties of positron cloud in quark nugget (QN) model of dark matter (DM). In this model, dark matter particles are represented by compact composite objects composed of a large number of quarks or antiquarks with total baryon number $B\sim 10^{24}$. These particles have a very small number density in our galaxy which makes them "dark" to all DM detection experiments and cosmological observations. In this scenario, anti-quark nuggets play special role because they may manifest themselves in annihilation with visible matter. We study electron-positron annihilation in collisions of free electrons, hydrogen and helium gases with the positron cloud of anti-quark nuggets. We show that a strong electric field of anti-quark nuggets destroys positronium, hydrogen and helium atoms and prevents electrons from penetrating deeply in positron cloud, thus reducing the probability of the electron-positron annihilation by nearly five orders of magnitude. Therefore, electron annihilation in the positron cloud of QNs cannot explain the observed by SPI/INTEGRAL detector photons with energy 511 keV in the center of our galaxy. These photons may be explained by a different mechanism in which QN captures protons which annihilate with anti-quarks in the quark core or transform to neutrons thus reducing the QN core charge and increasing QN temperature. As a result QN loses positrons to space which annihilate with electrons there. Even more positrons are produced from charged pions resulting from the proton annihilation. Another manifestation may be emission of photons from $π^0$ decays.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures; v2: minor corrections, references added
Characteristic Energy of the Coulomb Interactions and the Pileup of States
Creators: name: Mazur, Daniel
name: Gray, K. E.
name: Zasadzinski, J. F.
name: Ozyuzer, L.
name: Beloborodov, I. S.
name: Zheng, H.
name: Mitchell, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunneling data on $\mathrm{La_{1.28}Sr_{1.72}Mn_2O_7}$ crystals confirm Coulomb interaction effects through the $\sqrt{\mathrm{E}}$ dependence of the density of states. Importantly, the data and analysis at high energy, E, show a pileup of states: most of the states removed from near the Fermi level are found between ~40 and 130 meV, from which we infer the possibility of universal behavior. The agreement of our tunneling data with recent photoemission results further confirms our analysis.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL
The effects of sensitization to text structure and headings as cues to text structure on the quantity and organization of fifth grade students' delayed written recall of expository prose
Creators: name: Goble, Jo-Anne Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The effects of instruction focusing on sensitizing fifth grade students to expository text structure and headings as cues to structure were investigated. Measures of quantity and organization of ideas in delayed written recall were examined prior to and subsequent to treatment. Experimental instruction focusing on headings and organization of propositions in text was compared with the more conventional classroom procedure of answering questions after reading expository text. The experimental instruction group had higher scores for quantity and organization of ideas in delayed written recall. Further analysis revealed that subjects in the experimental group used more headings in recall than the conventional group. Ability level was not a significant factor for either group. Implications for instruction and further research are discussed.
RESULTS OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE KIDNEYS DURING ACUTE, SUB-ACUTE AND PROLONGED PERIOD OF SEVERE BRAIN INJURY.
Creators: name: Khuseynova, Gulshan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article provides information on the results of assessment of the morphological features of 3-month rats and morphological features due to a severe head of brain. Morphological analysis of rats of rats was conducted in the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day after the brain injury.
A qualitative case study of teacher-led professional development: middle school science and the Close Read Initiative
Creators: name: Farrell, Christine
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: In response to the adoption of the Common Core State Standards for Language Arts Literacy by the New Jersey Department of Education, Chesterport K-8 Public School District implemented a district-wide program to promote reading skills across all academic subjects called the Close Read Initiative (CRI). This study reviews and analyzes the Stanton Middle School science teachers’ professional development (PD) for the CRI. It specifically looks at teachers’ perspectives about the needs and challenges of PD for implementing the CRI, as well as their perceptions of efforts to provide research-based PD to support the implementation of the CRI. In addition, the study documents challenges and supports that I experienced as an emerging teacher leader who attempted to provide research-based PD to support the district’s overall CRI. A qualitative research approach was used for this case study. The PD program began in November 2012 and ended in March 2013. The science teachers at Stanton made up a purposeful sample with nine teachers in the department, and all volunteered to participate in the study to some degree. The group consisted of sixth, seventh, and eighth grade teachers with three per grade. I taught science honors to all three grades and served not only as a colleague implementing CRI in my own classroom but also as a PD designer, facilitator, and evaluator. Findings are based on my reflexive analysis of the data as I, a classroom teacher, stepped out of my traditional role to act as researcher and PD facilitator. Results suggest teachers were very receptive to research-based PD but needs varied greatly from teacher to teacher, requiring flexibility and creativity to individualize the learning experience. The study also revealed cultural and structural challenges encountered by an informal teacher leader.
Additional file 1 of Stroke of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy in patients with coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Shao, Qiao Yu
name: Wang, Zhi Jian
name: Ma, Xiao Teng
name: Lin, Xu Ze
name: Pan, Liu
name: Zhou, Yu Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology

description: Additional file 1. Detailed search strategies; Tables S1. Cochrane risk of bias for the individual studies included; Table S2. Characteristics of included studies; Figure S1. Estimates of risk for intracranial hemorrhage between intensive antithrombotic therapy and conservative antithrombotic therapy; Figure S2. Estimates of risk for all stroke between intensive antithrombotic therapy and conservative antithrombotic therapy for subgroup of antiplatelet; Figure S3. Estimates of risk for ischemic stroke between intensive antithrombotic therapy and conservative antithrombotic therapy for subgroup of antiplatelet; Figure S4. Estimates of risk for hemorrhagic stroke between intensive antithrombotic therapy and conservative antithrombotic therapy for subgroup of antiplatelet; Figure S5. Estimates of risk for intracranial hemorrhage between intensive antithrombotic therapy and conservative antithrombotic therapy for subgroup of antiplatelet; Figure S6. Estimates of risk for all stroke between intensive antithrombotic therapy and conservative antithrombotic therapy for subgroup of ACS; Figure S7. Estimates of risk for ischemic stroke between intensive antithrombotic therapy and conservative antithrombotic therapy for subgroup of ACS; Figure S8. Estimates of risk for hemorrhagic stroke between intensive antithrombotic therapy and conservative antithrombotic therapy for subgroup of ACS; Figure S9. Estimates of risk for intracranial hemorrhage between intensive antithrombotic therapy and conservative antithrombotic therapy for subgroup of ACS.
Rico: An Accurate Cosmological Recombination Code
Creators: name: Fendt, W. A.
name: Chluba, J.
name: Rubino-Martin, J. A.
name: Wandelt, B. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Rico, a code designed to compute the ionization fraction of the Universe during the epoch of hydrogen and helium recombination with an unprecedented combination of speed and accuracy. This is accomplished by training the machine learning code Pico on the calculations of a multi-level cosmological recombination code which self-consistently includes several physical processes that were neglected previously. After training, Rico is used to fit the free electron fraction as a function of the cosmological parameters. While, for example at low redshifts (z
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, submitted to PRD
Renormalizability of alternative theories of gravity: differences between power counting and entropy argument
Creators: name: Bajardi, Francesco
name: Bascone, Francesco
name: Capozziello, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that General Relativity cannot be considered under the standard of a perturbatively renormalizable quantum field theory, but asymptotic safety is taken into account as a possibility for the formulation of gravity as a non-perturbative renormalizable theory. Recently, the entropy argument has however stepped into the discussion claiming for a "no-go" to the asymptotic safety argument. In this paper, we present simple counter-examples, considering alternative theories of gravity, to the entropy argument as further indications, among others, on the possible flows in the assumptions on which the latter is based on. We consider different theories, namely curvature based extensions of General Relativity as $f(R)$, $f(\mathcal{G})$, extensions of Teleparallel Gravity as $f(T)$, and Horava-Lifshitz gravity, working out the explicit spherically symmetric solutions in order to make a comparison between power counting and the entropy argument. Even in these cases, inconsistencies are found.
description: 13 pages. Accepted for publication in "Universe"
Smooth matter and source size in microlensing simulations of gravitationally lensed quasars
Creators: name: Bate, Nicholas F.
name: Webster, Rachel L.
name: Wyithe, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several gravitationally lensed quasars are observed with anomalous magnifications in pairs of images that straddle a critical curve. Simple theoretical arguments suggest that the magnification of these images should be approximately equivalent, whereas one image is observed to be significantly demagnified. Microlensing provides a possible explanation for this discrepancy. There are two key parameters when modelling this effect. The first, the fraction of smooth matter in the lens at the image positions, has been explored by Schechter and Wambsganss (2002). They have shown that the anomalous flux ratio observed in the lensed quasar MG 0414+0534 is a priori a factor of 5 more likely if the assumed smooth matter content in the lens model is increased from 0% to 93%. The second parameter, the size of the emission region, is explored in this paper, and shown to be more significant. We find that the broadening of the magnification probability distributions due to smooth matter content is washed out for source sizes that are predicted by standard models for quasars. We apply our model to the anomalous lensed quasar MG 0414+0534, and find a 95% upper limit of 2.62 x 10^(16) h^(-1/2) (M/Msun)^(1/2) cm on the radius of the I-band emission region. The smooth matter percentage in the lens is unconstrained.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures. To be published in MNRAS
The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey :Evolution of the major merger rate since z~1 from spectroscopicaly confirmed galaxy pairs
Creators: name: de Ravel, L.
name: Fèvre, O. Le
name: Tresse, L.
name: Bottini, D.
name: Garilli, B.
name: Brun, V. Le
name: Maccagni, D.
name: Scaramella, R.
name: Scodeggio, M.
name: Vettolani, G.
name: Zanichelli, A.
name: Adami, C.
name: Arnouts, S.
name: Bardelli, S.
name: Bolzonella, M.
name: Cappi, A.
name: Charlot, S.
name: Ciliegi, P.
name: Contini, T.
name: Foucaud, S.
name: Franzetti, P.
name: Gavignaud, I.
name: Guzzo, L.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Iovino, A.
name: Lamareille, F.
name: McCracken, H. J.
name: Marano, B.
name: Marinoni, C.
name: Mazure, A.
name: Meneux, B.
name: Merighi, R.
name: Paltani, S.
name: Pellò, R.
name: Pollo, A.
name: Pozzetti, L.
name: Radovich, M.
name: Vergani, D.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Zucca, E.
name: Bondi, M.
name: Bongiorno, A.
name: Brinchmann, J.
name: Cucciati, O.
name: de la Torre, S.
name: Gregorini, L.
name: Memeo, P.
name: Perez-Montero, E.
name: Mellier, Y.
name: Merluzzi, P.
name: Temporin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the VIMOS VLT Deep Survey we use a sample of 6447 galaxies with I_{AB} < 24 to identify 251 pairs of galaxies, each member with a secure spectroscopic redshift, which are close in both projected separation and in velocity. We find that at z ~ 0.9, 10.9 +/- 3.2 % of galaxies with M_B(z) < -18-Qz are in pairs with separations dr < 20 kpc/h, dv < 500 km/s, and with dM_B < 1.5, significantly larger than 3.76 +/- 1.71 % at z ~ 0.5; we find that the pair fraction evolves as (1+z)^m with m = 2.49 +/- 0.56. For brighter galaxies with M_B(z=0) < -18.77, the pair fraction is higher and its evolution with redshift is somewhat flatter with m=1.88 \pm 0.40, a property also observed for galaxies with increasing stellar masses. Early type, dry mergers, pairs increase their relative fraction from 3 % at z ~ 0.9 to 12 % at z ~ 0.5. We find that the merger rate evolves as N_{mg}=(9.05 +/- 3.76) * 10^{-4}) * (1+z)^{2.43 +/- 0.76}. We find that the merger rate of galaxies with M_B(z) < -18-Qz has significantly evolved since z ~ 1. The merger rate is increasing more rapidly with redshift for galaxies with decreasing luminosities, indicating that the flat evolution found for bright samples is not universal. The merger rate is also strongly dependent on the spectral type of galaxies involved, late type mergers being more frequent in the past, while early type mergers are more frequent today, contributing to the rise in the local density of early type galaxies. About 20 % of the stellar mass in present day galaxies with log(M/M_{sun}) > 9.5 has been accreted through major merging events since z ~ 1, indicating that major mergers have contributed significantly to the growth in stellar mass density of bright galaxies over the last half of the life of the Universe.
description: 22 pages, 19 figures, accepted in A&A
Classroom communication : a case study of Native Indian adolescents
Creators: name: Nakonechny, Carole
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Language arts curriculum researchers are placing increasing emphasis on the role of students talk in classroom learning, both in terms of cognitive development and as a preparation for literacy. A limited body of literature pertaining to the classroom language of Native Indian students suggests that it would be difficult to implement these guidelines with this population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inherent potential of "talking to learn" methodology for a population of Native Indian students with varying socio-cultural backgrounds. The communication patterns of teachers and students were analyzed to determine basic levels of fluency during student transactional turns in relation to variables of turn content and taachers' verbal strategies. The study was designed as a micro-ethnography of communication patterns during classroom lessons at Outreach, an alternative school for Native Indian students of varying backgrounds. A series of transcripts of ninety hours of classroom lessons performed the original body of data. One thousand two hundred and forty-nine (1,249) turns were categorized, coded and analyzed according to length, content and function. Teacher turns were also coded for instructional .strategies. The relationship among the variables were tested for significance with SPSS:X using chi-square. The empirical results were interpreted in the context of naturally occurring verbatim excerpts from the transcripts through which classroom attitudes and communicative strategies could be inferred. The findings of the study demonstrate that the students displayed a marked preference for unelaborated language. Instances of sociolinguistic interference may have collectively influenced the abbreviated turn lengths. Student transactional long turn production (3 or more clausal chunks) was significantly related to turn content: 60% of student turns with private content fell within the over 3 clausal chunk range, while only 28% of student turns with public content reached this length. The effect of specific teacher strategy on turn length was largely undermined although closed questions emerged as a particularly ineffective strategy in the elicitation of long turns. The findings of the study indicate that a successful oracy component within the language arts program would be dependent upon modifications of both the standard classroom discourse structure and curriculum content.