cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Agriculture-Industry Relation and the Question of ‘Home Market’: Towards Closing a Century’s Old Debate
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Saumya
name: Chakrabarti, Saumya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Industrial expansion
subject: Agricultural support
subject: Home market
subject: Supply-constraint
subject: Kalecki
subject: Domestic exports
subject: Commodity mobility
subject: Commodity speculation.

description: In our journey through the literature on ‘home market’ for industry we find that, time and again, agriculture has been identified as the potential sector. However, our basic point is that, it is rather the appropriate government intervention creating scope for Kaleckian ‘domestic exports’ that can mitigate the short-run problem of ‘effective demand’ faced by industry. But, we also propose that agriculture must provide industry with sufficient quantity of food – the critical ‘wage-good’. Furthermore, our Kaleckian framework shows: consistency requires complementarities between demand and supply-side supports for industrial expansion. Thus, domestic-exports/home-market and adequate food-supply should simultaneously act on industry and only under such a situation ‘realisation crises’ of both agriculture and industry could be mitigated. However, by extending our macro-framework we show, under the possibilities of international food-outflow and especially of finance-capital inflow leading to ‘commodity speculation’ the ‘autonomy’ of ‘domestic exports’ as the home market for industry reduces significantly, even becoming counter-productive.
Undemocratic, Uncertain and Politically Unviable? An Analysis of and Response to Objections to a Proposed Racial Non-Discrimination Clause as Part of Constitutional Reforms for Indigenous Recognition
Creators: name: Morris, Shireen
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: The aim of this paper is to further understand and respond to objections to the proposal for a constitutional prohibition on racial discrimination, proposed as part of constitutional reforms for Indigenous recognition. These common objections are: first, that a racial non-discrimination clause in the Constitution would be undemocratic; second, that its operation would be too uncertain; and third, that the proposal would be politically unviable in any case, and would fail at a referendum. I seek to respond to the three objections in the following manner. First, I argue that the undemocratic objection to the proposed clause is outweighed by the fact that the race clauses in the Constitution are in themselves undemocratic. In a liberal democracy, citizens should have an equal say via their equal vote, and should be treated equally by governments on the basis of individual circumstances, rather than on the basis of race, ethnicity or skin colour. I argue, therefore, that those who see the Constitution as a structural document which sets up the procedures of government and democracy — without supporting entrenchment of a broader bill of rights — should nonetheless support correcting the undemocratic ‘race error’ in our Constitution. While a restraint on government’s power to racially discriminate would be judicially adjudicated, like the rest of the Constitution, this does not necessarily mean that such a clause is undemocratic. Rather, a reform entrenching a basic element of liberal democracy — equality before the law with respect to race — would be a democratic improvement on the current situation, which promotes and allows differential treatment of citizens on the arbitrary, unfair and unclear basis of race. Second, in response to the uncertainty objection, I argue that given the fact of racial discrimination in the Constitution, the proposed racial non-discrimination clause may be the most clear and certain way to address the problems at hand. Third, responding to the political unviability objection, I make the political argument that a stable and cohesive society requires a sense of national unity on the basis of equal citizenship that is free from racial differentiations, and that the racial non-discrimination proposal is capable of winning bipartisan and popular support by appealing to these ideals.
Counting immersed surfaces in hyperbolic 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Masters, Joseph D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50, 57N16, 57M27

description: We count the number of conjugacy classes of maximal, genus g, surface subroups in hyperbolic 3-manifold groups. For any closed hyperbolic 3-manifold, we show that there is an upper bound on this number which grows factorially with g. We also give a class of closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds for which there is a lower bound of the same type.
description: Published by Algebraic and Geometric Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/agt/AGTVol5/agt-5-35.abs.html
Algorithms for the Multiplication Table Problem
Creators: name: Brent, Richard
name: Pomerance, Carl
name: Purdum, David
name: Webster, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $M(n)$ denote the number of distinct entries in the $n \times n$ multiplication table. The function $M(n)$ has been studied by Erdős, Tenenbaum, Ford, and others, but the asymptotic behaviour of $M(n)$ as $n \to \infty$ is not known precisely. Thus, there is some interest in algorithms for computing $M(n)$ either exactly or approximately. We compare several algorithms for computing $M(n)$ exactly, and give a new algorithm that has a subquadratic running time. We also present two Monte Carlo algorithms for approximate computation of $M(n)$. We give the results of exact computations for values of $n$ up to $2^{30}$, and of Monte Carlo computations for $n$ up to $2^{100,000,000}$, and compare our experimental results with Ford's order-of-magnitude result.
description: 15 pages, 3 tables, small improvements and references added in v2
The Mythology of Salomon's Case and the Law Dealing with the Tort Liabilities of Corporate Groups: An Historical Perspective
Creators: name: Lipton, Phillip
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Salomon’s Case has for a long time been widely seen as a landmark case that is the keystone of modern company law. A mythology has developed around the case that has resulted in the Salomon principle exercising an iron grip on company law. The rigid application of the principle in Salomon’s Case to corporate groups has enabled corporate groups to structure themselves in ways that limit the tort liabilities of the group as a whole and so raises important social, economic and ethical questions regarding the allocation of risk that are not addressed by the application of the Salomon principle. This article suggests that given the importance of the social, economic and ethical issues raised in cases of mass torts that invariably involve corporate groups, it is preferable that these issues are resolved by tort law, which is concerned with the allocation of risk, thereby circumventing the dead hand of Salomon.
Agricultural Growth and Economic Convergence in Indian Agriculture
Creators: name: Kumar, Shiv
name: Lala, Kamble A.
name: Chaudhary, Khyali R.
name: Kumar, Shiv
name: Lala, Kamble A.
name: Chaudhary, Khyali R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Economic convergence
subject: Agricultural growth
subject: India

description: The benefits of agricultural growth have been concentrated in India’s richer states, leaving the poorer states lagging further behind. The convergence process of agricultural economic growth in the context of globalisation and economic liberalisation would reveal the implications for support for or withdrawal from economic reform and for further opening of the Indian economy. Evidence of absolute β-convergence in per hectare net state domestic product (NSDP) agricultural levels across Indian states reveals the tendency of states to converge to identical steady states level. Bernard Jones approach confirms that convergence is conditional. Fertiliser, public finance, small-landholdings, cropping intensity, agricultural research and education, physical infrastructure, agricultural mechanisation and diversification were the discerned factors for causing conditional convergence. The study concludes that the benefits of economic reforms started by Government of India have shown impact on the convergence process of per hectare NSDP agriculture among Indian states.
SHUG’ULLANUVCHI SPORTCHILAR (O’QUVCHI, BOLALAR) SHAXSINING PSIXOLOGIK MUAMMOLARI
Creators: name: Karimov, Bekzod Boyqobilovich
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: Faoliyat
psixologik xususiyatlar
individual xususiyatlar
shaxs
omil
jismoniy rivojlanish
jismoniy tayyorgarlik
sezgi
idrok
diqqat
xotira
tasavvur
hayol
tafakkur
nutq

description: Ushbu maqolada o’quvchi bolalarni psixologik muammolarni ularning individual xususiyatlarigina insonni shaxsga aylantirishi uning shaxslilik darajasi ushbu individual xususiyatlarining qanchalik rivojlanganligiga bog’liq bo’lishini, shuningdek, ehtiyojlari va hissiyotlariga asoslanganligi bayon qilingan
Christie, Section 137 and Forensic Science Evidence (After Dupas v The Queen and R v XY)
Creators: name: Edmond, Gary
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This content was published in the Monash University Law Review, the flagship academic journal of Monash Law School, managed by a team of student editors.
Essential self-adjointness of Schroedinger type operators on manifolds
Creators: name: Braverman, Maxim
name: Milatovic, Ognjen
name: Shubin, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain several essential self-adjointness conditions for a Schroedinger type operator D*D+V acting in sections of a vector bundle over a manifold M. Here V is a locally square-integrable bundle map. Our conditions are expressed in terms of completeness of certain metrics on M; these metrics are naturally associated to the operator. We do not assume a priori that M is endowed with a complete Riemannian metric. This allows us to treat e.g. operators acting on bounded domains in the euclidean space. For the case when the principal symbol of the operator is scalar, we establish more precise results. The proofs are based on an extension of the Kato inequality which modifies and improves a result of Hess, Schrader and Uhlenbrock.
description: 52 pages, Minor corrections are made; To appear in Russian Math. Surveys
A Preliminary Investigation of Private Railcars in North America
Creators: name: Corsi, Thomas M.
name: Casavant, Ken
name: Graciano, Tim A.
name: Corsi, Thomas M.
name: Casavant, Ken
name: Graciano, Tim A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This paper analyzes the economic conditions of a dramatic change in railcar ownership over the last 10 years. Private railcar ownership has increased to the point where they now carry 54% of ton-miles and 56% of tonnage for all railroads. Despite the increasing reliance on private railcars, returns to railcar ownership are decreasing, with current rates of return falling below those necessary to fund future investment. The problem is further exacerbated by shifting costs from railroad to shipper. A large drop in private investment could pose a serious threat to the railroad industry, shippers, and the economy as a whole.
Commercial Stevia does not inhibit growth or biofilm formation of Escherichia coli strain MG1655
Creators: name: Soroski, Thomas
name: Tsankov, Boyan K.
name: Hossain, Al R.
name: Lee, Derek
Publisher: name: Undergraduate Journal of Experimental Microbiology and Immunology
Year: 2020

description: Stevia is a readily available, non-caloric sugar alternative with demonstrated non-carcinogenic and non-genotoxic activity. The sweetener is gaining worldwide popularity as a non-nutritive sweetener, with the global stevia market growing about 8% yearly since 2016. However, recent findings suggest that some non-stevia sweeteners may cause adverse health consequences by altering the gut microbiome’s composition and diversity, raising concern about stevia. Growth and adhesion are fundamental processes in the microbiome, and previous observations suggest that stevia may impact these processes. Therefore, we investigated the effects of commercial stevia on growth, adhesion, and biofilm formation of Escherichia coli MG1655. E. coli growth and biofilm formation were significantly inhibited when treated with 40% (v/v) stevia, compared to the untreated control. E. coli attachment was not significantly inhibited in any growth condition, despite inhibited biofilm formation. These findings suggest that relatively high concentrations of stevia affect E. coli surface-based biofilm formation, and planktonic growth.
description: Undergraduate Journal of Experimental Microbiology and Immunology, Vol. 6 (2020): Undergraduate Journal of Experimental Microbiology and Immunology (UJEMI+)
Abispa Mitchell 1838
Creators: name: Carpenter, James M.
name: Brown, Graham R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Vespidae
Abispa

description: Genus Abispa Mitchell
Abispa Mitchell 1838: 104, subgenus of Vespa Linnaeus.
Type species: Vespa (Abispa) australiana Mitchell 1838, by monotypy.
Monerebia de Saussure 1852: 98, genus.
Type species: Odynerus splendidus Guérin-Méneville 1838, by subsequent designation of van der Vecht 1960: 92.
Taxonomy: de Saussure 1855: 169 (genus; syn.: Monerebia de Saussure).— Smith 1857: 42 (Monorebia [!]; syn. of Abispa Mitchell).— Ashmead 1902: 208 (Abisba [!]; invalid designation of type species Vespa ephippium Fabricius as type species, not originally included).— Perkins 1912: 120 (male antenna).— Meade-Waldo 1914: 461 (syn. of Polistes Latreille; Monerebia a valid genus).— Bridwell 1919: 120, 121 (Monerobia [!]; syn. of Abispa Mitchell).—van der Vecht 1960: 95–96 (key to species).— Cardale 1985: 160–162 (cat. Australian species).
Distribution: Australia and New Guinea.
Ethology: The nests are familiar objects, large mud structures, consisting of multiple cells with thick walls, covered with pellets, and with a downwardly pointing entrance funnel that is destroyed at the end of construction; provisioning is either mass or progressive; prey: micolepidopterous caterpillars. Mating has observed to be scramble competition at water, and trap-lining of nests.
description: Published as part of Carpenter, James M. & Brown, Graham R., 2021, Catalogue of the Australian Eumeninae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 4919 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4919.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4473370
Band splitting with vanishing spin polarizations in noncentrosymmetric crystals
Creators: name: Liu, Kai
name: Luo, Wei
name: Ji, Junyi
name: Barone, Paolo
name: Picozzi, Silvia
name: Xiang, Hongjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dresselhaus and Rashba effects are well-known phenomena in solid-state physics, in which spin-orbit coupling (SOC) splits spin-up and spin-down energy bands of nonmagnetic non-centrosymmetric crystals. Here, we discover a new phenomenon, dubbed as band splitting with vanishing spin polarizations (BSVSP), in which, as usual, SOC splits the energy bands in nonmagnetic non-centrosymmetric systems; surprisingly, however, both split bands show no net spin polarization along certain high-symmetry lines in the Brillouin zone. In order to rationalize this phenomenon, we propose a new classification of point groups into pseudo-polar and non-pseudo-polar groups. By means of first-principles simulations, we demonstrate that BSVSP can take place in both symmorphic (e.g., bulk GaAs) and non-symmorphic systems (e.g., two dimensional ferroelectric SnTe). Furthermore, we propose a novel linear magnetoelectric coupling in reciprocal space, which could be employed to tune the spin polarization with an external electric field. The BSVSP effect and its manipulation could therefore pave a new way to novel spintronic devices.
Freedom Beyond the Commons: Managing the Tension Between Faith and Equality in a Multicultural Society
Creators: name: Harrison, Joel
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: As religious traditions and equality norms increasingly collide, commentators in Australia have questioned the existence and scope of exceptions to anti-discrimination law for religious bodies. The authors argue that this presents a shifting understanding of anti-discrimination law’s purpose. Rather than focusing on access or distribution, antidiscrimination law is said to centre on self-identity. When justified by this and related values, anti-discrimination law tends towards a universal application — all groups must cohere to its norms. In defending religion based exceptions, the authors argue that this universalising fails to recognise central principles of religious liberty (principally the authority of the group) and the multicultural reality of Australia. The authors argue that more attention should be given to a social pluralist account of public life and the idea of a federation of cultures. Non-discrimination norms ought to operate in the ‘commons’ in which members of the community come together in a shared existence, and where access and participation rights need to be protected. Beyond the commons, however, different groups should be able to maintain their identity and different beliefs on issues such as sexual practice through, where relevant, their staffing, membership or service provision policies.
Disappearance of American Wealth and Its Impact on Air Travel: An Empirical Investigation
Creators: name: Bhadra, Dispasis
name: Bhadra, Dispasis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Recently, the Federal Reserve reported that U.S. households net worth dropped by $17 trillion, a stunning 26% loss from the peak of the cycle to the bottom. The precipitous drop in home and stock prices that continued through the first quarter of 2009 accelerated the drop in household wealth. Meanwhile, U.S. air travel suffered tremendously. While the economy contracted by around 1% in 2008 and the first part of 2009, total domestic enplanement dropped more than 4% over its 2007 level. Gross domestic product (GDP) or some other measure of current income has been a good predictor of air travel in the past. While current income is considered to be a good proxy for current discretionary spending, of which air travel is only one small part, recent destruction of wealth has significantly reduced the average consumer’s traditional appetite for expenditure, including air travel. Interestingly, there is very little empirical analysis that establishes a link between wealth and air travel. The paper seeks to address this gap by asking and investigating two empirical questions: (a) Does wealth have any quantifiable impact on U.S. air travel, controlling for all other relevant variables such as current income, past wealth, fare, and credit availability? (b) What has been the quantitative impact of wealth loss on air travel? The paper finds that the household wealth loss of U.S. $17 trillion yielded a loss of air travel demand of 730,000 passengers; or a loss of revenue of $244 million. As household wealth improved during the last two years, air travel recovered. Some of the lost passenger demand has been recouped (435,000) but a complete wealth-induced recovery still seems to be far off. Results of this analysis are important for both understanding future transitions in U.S. air travel, and hence forecasting, and formulating policy responses that may be designed more narrowly and effectively.
Freight Distribution Systems with Cross Docking: A Multidisciplinary Analysis
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Feliu, Jesus
name: Gonzalez-Feliu, Jesus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Freight transport assures a vital link between suppliers and customers and it represents a major source of employment. Multi-echelon distribution is one of the most common strategies in this field. This paper presents the main concepts of multi-echelon distribution with cross-docking through a multidisciplinary analysis that includes an optimization study and an interview-based analysis. The optimization analysis uses both a geographic approach based on the concept of accessibility and a scenario simulation analysis for collaborative freight transportation. The interview-based analysis includes a conceptual framework for logistics and transport pooling systems and a simulation method for strategic planning optimization.
A Jacobi spectral method for computing eigenvalue gaps and their distribution statistics of the fractional Schrödinger operator
Creators: name: Bao, Weizhu
name: Chen, Lizhen
name: Jiang, Xiaoyun
name: Ma, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a spectral method by using the Jacobi functions for computing eigenvalue gaps and their distribution statistics of the fractional Schrödinger operator (FSO). In the problem, in order to get reliable gaps distribution statistics, we have to calculate accurately and efficiently a very large number of eigenvalues, e.g. up to thousands or even millions eigenvalues, of an eigenvalue problem related to the FSO. The proposed Jacobi spectral method is extremely suitable and demanded for the discretization of an eigenvalue problem when a large number of eigenvalues need to be calculated. Then the Jacobi spectral method is applied to study numerically the asymptotics of the nearest neighbour gaps, average gaps, minimum gaps, normalized gaps and their distribution statistics in 1D. Based on our numerical results, several interesting numerical observations (or conjectures) about eigenvalue gaps and their distribution statistics of the FSO in 1D are formulated. Finally, the Jacobi spectral method is extended to the directional fractional Schrödinger operator in high dimensions and extensive numerical results about eigenvalue gaps and their distribution statistics are reported.
description: 6 tables, 25 figures
Gentamicin-induced resistance to T7 bacteriophage lysis in Escherichia coli is not due to an extracellularly released factor
Creators: name: Ahadzadeh, Farhang
name: Deretic, Nikola
name: Liu, Shirley
name: Patel, Ronil
Publisher: name: Undergraduate Journal of Experimental Microbiology and Immunology
Year: 2020

description: The worldwide emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria necessitates the search for alternative treatments for bacterial infections. A promising potential therapeutic is the use of bacteriophages that can lyse bacteria such as Escherichia coli. However, some antibiotics such as gentamicin have been shown to decrease the lysis rate of bacteriophages in E. coli. This ‘protective factor’ has been theorized to be released from the bacteria, such as outer membrane vesicles that competitively bind phage particles. To determine if the gentamicin-induced protective factor is extracellularly released, E. coli UB1005 was treated with different sub-inhibitory concentrations of gentamicin and cell filtrates were tested for protective ability against T7 bacteriophage. We hypothesized that if we transferred filtrate from gentamicin-treated E. coli to untreated cultures, then the untreated cultures would obtain protection against bacteriophage-mediated lysis, indicating that the protective factor was extracellularly released. We observed that filtrate from gentamicin-treated cultures was not able to confer protection to untreated cultures, refuting our hypothesis and disproving the outer membrane vesicle model of protection.
description: Undergraduate Journal of Experimental Microbiology and Immunology, Vol. 6 (2020): Undergraduate Journal of Experimental Microbiology and Immunology (UJEMI+)
IMPROVING FAMILIY AND SCHOOLCOOPERATION IN THE FORMATION OF NATIONAL DENTITY IN STUDENTS
Creators: name: Dilsuz Bakhtiyorovna Khurramova
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: economic
national
improving
education
cultivate
labor
intimacy
reason
kinship.

description: This article discusses the improvement of family and school cooperation in the formation of national identity in students. The role of parents in this is enormous
Methodology to Measure the Benefits and Costs of Rural Road Closure: A Kansas Case Study
Creators: name: Babcock, Michael W.
name: Alakshendra, Abhinav
name: Babcock, Michael W.
name: Alakshendra, Abhinav
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: While rural roads are essential to state economies, increasing farm size and the corresponding increase in farm vehicle size coupled with declining rural population have stressed the rural road system. As county population declines the financial ability of counties to maintain and rebuild the road and bridge system isn’t keeping up with the rate of deterioration. If counties can’t maintain the rural road system as it currently exists, reducing the size of the system should be considered. The overall objective of the paper is to estimate the economic impact on selected county road systems from reducing the size of the system. The specific objectives include (a) for a sample of three Kansas counties, measure the benefits and costs of keeping the road system as it currently exists and (b) for the same sample of Kansas counties, measure the benefits and costs of several scenarios of county road closure. The main conclusion is that rural counties will be able to save money by closing some relatively low traffic volume roads and redirecting the savings toward increasing the quality of other county roads. Counties with relatively extensive road systems (miles of road per square mile) and relatively high population density are less likely to realize savings from road closure. In contrast, counties with less extensive road systems and relatively low population density are more likely to realize significant savings from closure of relatively low volume roads.
Wavelet Imaging Cleaning Method for Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes
Creators: name: Lessard, R. W.
name: Cayón, L.
name: Sembroski, G. H.
name: Gaidos, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method of image cleaning for imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The method is based on the utilization of wavelets to identify noise pixels in images of gamma-ray and hadronic induced air showers. This method selects more signal pixels with Cherenkov photons than traditional image processing techniques. In addition, the method is equally efficient at rejecting pixels with noise alone. The inclusion of more signal pixels in an image of an air shower allows for a more accurate reconstruction, especially at lower gamma-ray energies that produce low levels of light. We present the results of Monte Carlo simulations of gamma-ray and hadronic air showers which show improved angular resolution using this cleaning procedure. Data from the Whipple Observatory's 10-m telescope are utilized to show the efficacy of the method for extracting a gamma-ray signal from the background of hadronic generated images.
description: to be published in Astroparticle Physics
Phono-magnetic analogs to opto-magnetic effects
Creators: name: Juraschek, Dominik M.
name: Narang, Prineha
name: Spaldin, Nicola A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magneto-optical and opto-magnetic effects describe the interaction of light with a magnetic medium. The most prominent examples are the Faraday and Cotton-Mouton effects that modify the transmission of light through a medium, and the inverse Faraday and inverse Cotton-Mouton effects that produce effective magnetic fields for the spin in the material. Here, we introduce the phenomenology of the analogous magneto-phononic and phono-magnetic effects, in which vibrational quanta take the place of the light quanta. We show, using a combination of first-principles calculations and phenomenological modeling, that the effective magnetic fields exerted by the phonon analogs of the inverse Faraday and inverse Cotton-Mouton effects on the spins of antiferromagnetic nickel oxide yield magnitudes comparable to and potentially larger than those of the opto-magnetic originals.
Glycine Betaine synthesis and transport Proteins, BetTIBA and ProPU, in Escherichia coli K12 do not confer Resistance to SDS-EDTA induced Outer Membrane Stress
Creators: name: Chui, Timothy
name: Kim, Wayne
name: Shahali Ramsheh, Amin
name: Yang, Cindy
Publisher: name: Undergraduate Journal of Experimental Microbiology and Immunology
Year: 2020

description: Glycine betaine is a small organic molecule derived from choline that acts as an osmoprotectant in Escherichia coli responsible for providing cellular stability during environmental stress. It is synthesized by biosynthetic proteins encoded in the betTIBA operon and transported in and out of the cell by the ProP and ProU transporters. Among its various functions, it is also known to protect the cell against abiotic stress factors by acting as a chemical chaperone to prevent protein denaturation. Knowing that glycine betaine can perform a myriad of functions, we were interested in determining whether this osmolyte confers resistance to outer membrane stress in E. coli. Here, we attempted to determine if E. coli that is unable to synthesize glycine betaine, due to a betTIBA deletion and/or proPU deletion, would affect cell susceptibility to SDS-EDTA induced outer membrane stress by assessing cell viability. Cell viability was measured by determining growth of the wild-type, ΔbetTIBA, and ΔbetTIBAΔproPU mutants over a 16-hour period through OD600 readings using the EpochTM Microplate Spectrophotometer (Biotek). Results from growth assays under SDS-EDTA conditions showed that betTIBA and proPU deletions resulted in decreased susceptibility to SDS-EDTA relative to the no SDS control. The results suggest that glycine betaine does not contribute to protecting the outer membrane from stress factors such as SDS and EDTA.
description: Undergraduate Journal of Experimental Microbiology and Immunology, Vol. 25 (2020): Undergraduate Journal of Experimental Microbiology and Immunology (UJEMI)
The Brauer indecomposability of Scott modules with semidihedral vertex
Creators: name: Koshitani, Shigeo
name: Tuvay, İpek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C20, 20C05, 20C15

description: We present a sufficient condition for the $kG$-Scott module with vertex $P$ to remain indecomposable under the Brauer construction for any subgroup $Q$ of $P$ as $k[Q\,C_G(Q)]$-module, where $k$ is a field of characteristic $2$, and $P$ is a semidihedral $2$-subgroup of a finite group $G$. This generalizes results for the cases where $P$ is abelian or dihedral. The Brauer indecomposability is defined \linebreak by R.~Kessar, N.~Kunugi and N.~Mitsuhashi. The motivation of \linebreak this paper is a fact that the Brauer indecomposability of a $p$-permutation bimodule ($p$ is a prime) is one of the key steps in order to obtain a splendid stable equivalence of Morita type by making use of the gluing method due to Broué, Rickard, Linckelmann and Rouquier, that then can possibly be lifted to a splendid derived (splendid Morita) equivalence.
description: 10 pages
Modeling and Optimization with Gaussian Processes in Reduced Eigenbases -- Extended Version
Creators: name: Gaudrie, David
name: Riche, Rodolphe Le
name: Picheny, Victor
name: Enaux, Benoit
name: Herbert, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Parametric shape optimization aims at minimizing an objective function f(x) where x are CAD parameters. This task is difficult when f is the output of an expensive-to-evaluate numerical simulator and the number of CAD parameters is large. Most often, the set of all considered CAD shapes resides in a manifold of lower effective dimension in which it is preferable to build the surrogate model and perform the optimization. In this work, we uncover the manifold through a high-dimensional shape mapping and build a new coordinate system made of eigenshapes. The surrogate model is learned in the space of eigenshapes: a regularized likelihood maximization provides the most relevant dimensions for the output. The final surrogate model is detailed (anisotropic) with respect to the most sensitive eigenshapes and rough (isotropic) in the remaining dimensions. Last, the optimization is carried out with a focus on the critical dimensions, the remaining ones being coarsely optimized through a random embedding and the manifold being accounted for through a replication strategy. At low budgets, the methodology leads to a more accurate model and a faster optimization than the classical approach of directly working with the CAD parameters.
What Process Do Disputants Want? An Experiment in Disputant Preferences
Creators: name: Condliffe, Peter
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: A unique empirical study into the high density housing sector was used as a domain for the development of an alternative model of dispute management to that contained in the relevant statutory regime. This formed the basis for a simulation that was empirically tested on two hundred and fi fty-two participants at three levels. These levels were their preferences, their perceptions of justice and some elements of effi ciency. Each of these levels was tested in relation to three processes: mediation followed by arbitration conducted by the same person (‘Med/Arb.Same’); mediation followed by arbitration conducted by a different person (‘Med/ Arb.Diff’); and arbitration followed by mediation conducted by the same person (‘Arb/Med’). This article describes that area of the research concerned with preferences. The research was constructed around two content theories: the ‘instrumental model’ and the ‘relational model’. The instrumental model is principally concerned with the distribution of control in intervention processes. Control theory in particular underpinned the preference research. The study is important because of the rudimentary state of knowledge in this area and addresses two important questions: First, how do disputants make procedural preferences? Second, will these preferences impact on their perception of fairness of the process actually used? The fi ndings demonstrated that participants preferred the Med/Arb procedure over Arb/Med. Med/Arb.Same was by far the most preferred process. This was highly consistent across the experimental conditions. That is, the ability to mediate a matter fi rst to potentially deny the imposition of the arbitration option was highly preferred. Participants’ reasons for these preferences could be explained by reference to their need for control rather than what was more just or fairer. However, their subjective rationales for choosing a particular process were largely based upon fairness perceptions. Party role, gender, or status of residence seemed to have little impact upon the preferences made or the reasons for those preferences. Empirical fi ndings with respect to preferences are especially important given that courts and tribunals in Australia are currently experimenting and trialling various ADR processes in order to meet the policy directions of government or to improve their case management practices. Implications for dispute system design are discussed.
Non-perturbative BRST invariance and what it might be good for
Creators: name: Shamir, Yigal
name: Golterman, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a local, gauge-fixed, lattice Yang-Mills theory with an exact BRST invariance, and with the same perturbative expansion as the standard Yang-Mills theory. The ghost sector, and some of its BRST transformation rules, are modified to get around Neuberger's theorem. A special term is introduced in the action to regularize the Gribov horizons, and the limit where the regulator is removed is discussed. We conclude with a few comments on what might be the physical significance of this theory. We speculate that there may exist new strong-interaction phases apart from the anticipated confinement phase.
description: 3 pages, Lattice2002(theoretical), For additional technical details see ref. 1
Proportionality, Rights-Consistent Interpretation and Declarations under the Victorian Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities: The Momcilovic Litigation and Beyond
Creators: name: Debeljak, Julie
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: The meaning, scope and interaction of the key provisions relating to the rights-compatibility of legislation under the Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities Act 2006 (Vic) were analysed by the Victorian Court of Appeal inRv Momcilovic. On appeal, the High Court of Australia reviewed this analysis and considered the constitutionality of the key provisions. Although overall the High Court upheld the provisions as constitutional, no majority opinion emerged on the scope and operation of the provisions in Victoria, with similar differences of opinion refl ected in the Victorian superior courts. Opinions differed on: the role, if any, of limitations under s 7(2); whether s 32(1) is an ordinary rule of statutory construction or a ‘remedial’ rule of interpretation; and the constitutionality and role of s 36(2) declarations of inconsistent interpretation. Even where a degree of agreement was apparent on one provision, the reasoning underlying the agreement differed, and/or there was no agreement on the interlinking provisions. An overarching theme concerned the methodology by which to approach the key provisions, which again produced disagreement. This article will critically analyse the multiplicity of views in the High Court, both because of the importance of the decision and because its application in Victoria is unclear. Regarding the latter, the Victorian superior courts have considered the Court of Appeal decision to not be overruled by the High Court, and continue to rely on it in varying degrees, whilst also seeking to identify a ratio from the High Court. By way of background, the article will explore the choices facing the Court of Appeal and its decision. It will then analyse the fi ve High Court judgments, focussing on the thematic issues of limitations, ordinary/ remedial interpretation, declarations, and methodology. It concludes with a review of the Victorian superior courts’ reaction to the High Court decision. Analysis will be limited to consideration of the Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities Act 2006 (Vic) as it operates in Victoria. In addition to the specifi c disagreements on the key provisions, broaderissues of parliamentary sovereignty, the proper role of the judiciary and democratic governance will be examined.
Throwing Babies Out with the Bathwater? — Adversarialism, ADR and the Way Forward
Creators: name: Baron, Paula
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Negative comments about the workings of the adversarial system have resonated from the judiciary, government agencies, lawyers and other stakeholders. In response to such criticisms, there has been an increasing emphasis upon non-adversarial approaches to justice and alternative dispute resolution (ADR). This is a development that should be welcomed. Proponents hold that these ‘new’ approaches to legal disputes will enhance justice in many areas and reduce negative factors such as the cost, time investment, delays, stress and disempowerment often experienced by those involved in the litigation process. At the same time, we take up the Hon Michael Kirby’s point that for ADR to assume all the functions of the court would be to ‘throw the baby out with the bathwater’; but it would also be counterproductive for ADR to too closely assume judicial procedures. We agree that the relationship between the two processes needs to be ‘correct and evolving’ and the success of both hinges largely on the integrity and expertise of the personnel involved and their understanding of conduct appropriate to each process. In this article, we consider the ways in which the borders between adversarial and ADR processes may blur; and the ways in which a lack of understanding of appropriate conduct by participants who are representing parties in mediation may detrimentally impact both processes.
Implicitization of surfaces in P^3 in the presence of base points
Creators: name: Buse, Laurent
name: Cox, David
name: D'Andrea, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14Q10 (Primary) 13D02, 65D17 (Secondary)

description: We show that the method of moving quadrics for implicitizing surfaces in P^3 applies in certain cases where base points are present. However, if the ideal defined by the parametrization is saturated, then this method rarely applies. Instead, we show that when the base points are a local complete intersection, the implicit equation can be computed as the resultant of the first syzygies.
description: 27 pages. Revised version. Accepted for publication in the Journal of Algebra and its Applications
Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Law Students: How Student Behaviours Affect Student Wellbeing
Creators: name: Skead, Natalie
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: There is growing national and international concern for the mental wellbeing of law students and law graduates. Some excellent work has been, and continues to be, done in several Australian law schools on how law schools and law teachers can promote mental health in their law students through curriculum design and teaching practices. The relationship between mental health in law students and student behaviours has, however, remained largely unexplored. To fi ll this void in the research, in 2013 the authors undertook an empirical study at the University of Western Australia involving over 500 law and psychology students. This article reports on the results of that study and identifi es the correlations between the levels of stress, anxiety and depression in law students and certain behaviours. By exploring the impact students’ own behaviours have on their wellbeing, this article provides guidance to law students and law schools on managing mental health.
ASSESSMENT OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN AGRICULTURE OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Creators: name: S. U. Sharipova
name: U. V. Jurayeva
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: agriculture
proportionality ratio
Lilien index
structural change
national economy
economic growth
benchmark content

description: This article is devoted to the assessment of structural changes in agriculture in the Republic of Uzbekistan. First of all, the article deals with current issues of agriculture and the tasks of the Republic of Uzbekistan. This is followed by a brief review of the scientific literature on the subject, i.e. ideas on structural change, structural growth, and the concept of reference content. The research methodology then outlines the formulas used to find the reference values for the agricultural composition, the proportionality to the reference content (in coefficients), and the value of the improved Lilien index (MLI). The results of the empirical analysis express the share of production of basic agricultural products in the structure of the economy (in percent), changes in the structure of production of basic agricultural products (in percent to total) and reference values. At the end of the article, summarizing all the results of the calculations, there are scientific conclusions and recommendations on changes in the structure of production of basic agricultural products in the country.
Deletions in the capsular polysaccharide wzy Cassette Genes differentially affect susceptibility to Nitrofurantoin in Escherichia coli K-12 compared to Escherichia coli K30
Creators: name: Thobani, Rehanna
name: Savage, Gillian
name: Shah, Malhar
Publisher: name: Undergraduate Journal of Experimental Microbiology and Immunology
Year: 2020

description: The wzy cassette is a set of genes responsible for capsular polysaccharide and exopolysaccharide polymerization and export. It has been shown that knockouts of the wzy cassette in Escherichia coli K30 strain increases susceptibility to the antibiotic nitrofurantoin, but a similar effect has not been observed in E. coli K-12. Based on this, we hypothesized that deletion of genes within the wzy cassette would change the susceptibility to nitrofurantoin differentially in E. coli K-12 compared to E. coli K30. To test this, susceptibilities to nitrofurantoin of mutants with knockouts in the wzy cassette compared to wildtypes were determined with disc diffusion assays at 28℃ and 37℃, as well as through a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) microtitration assay. Furthermore, the presence of capsule in all variants was determined with india ink staining to investigate the role of capsule in nitrofurantoin resistance. Our results show an increase in susceptibility to nitrofurantoin in only the E. coli K30 wzb and full wzy cassette knockouts at 37℃, but an increase in resistance in the E. coli K-12 wza knockout at 28℃. The MIC assay in liquid media showed the MIC for E. coli K30 wza was higher than the MIC of the E. coli K30 wildtype whereas the wzb and full cassette knockouts showed no change. Furthermore, capsule was only visualized in the E. coli K30 wildtype. Altogether our results suggest that the E. coli K30 and K-12 wzy cassette mutants respond differentially to nitrofurantoin and this effect occurs through a capsule-independent mechanism.
description: Undergraduate Journal of Experimental Microbiology and Immunology, Vol. 6 (2020): Undergraduate Journal of Experimental Microbiology and Immunology (UJEMI+)