cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Robust superconductivity intertwined with charge density wave and disorder in Pd-intercalated ErTe$_3$
Creators: name: Fang, Alan
name: Singh, Anisha G.
name: Straquadine, Joshua A. W.
name: Fisher, Ian R.
name: Kivelson, Steven A.
name: Kapitulnik, Aharon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pd-intercalated ErTe$_3$ is studied as a model system to explore the effect of "intertwined" superconducting and charge density wave (CDW) orders. Despite the common wisdom that superconductivity emerges only when CDW is suppressed, we present data from STM and AC susceptibility measurements that show no direct competition between CDW order and superconductivity. Both coexist over most of the intercalation range, with uniform superconductivity over length scales that exceed the superconducting coherence length. This is despite persisting short-range CDW order and increased scattering from the Pd intercalation. While superconductivity is insensitive to local defects in either of the bi-directional CDWs, vestiges of the Fermi-level distortions are observed in the properties of the superconducting state.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
NEW ROUND OF SOCIAL TENSIONS, AND REMEMBRANCE OF WOLE SOYINKA'S SEASON OF ANOMY.pdf
Creators: name: Amechi Akwanya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Literature

description: Thinking the present social tensions in Nigeria, there is a sense of a new chapter. There were earlier chapters, like the tensions over Sharia Law in the 1980s and the regional and ethnic rivalries that culminated in civil war in the 1960s. Newness here is as in mythopoiesis where the surface properties of a component of an old or received myth are substituted, without affecting the total significance of the myth. The result is that there is underlying sameness in the novelty. This is what occasions for this paper remembrance of Wole Soyinka’s Season of Anomy in the functionality of a proverb. Season of Anomy is a work in which a converging pattern of actions, some in pursuit of profit motive, some in the way of exercise of power and domination, still others in selfless community-building efforts culminate in a vast and lethal explosion. This is anomy, but it is coming in season. The time of the reign of this particular chaos will pass – till a full cycle; and then begins again. This paper will draw from Northrop Frye’s archetypes of literature and Michel Foucault’s theory of similitude to elucidate the capacity of a literary work to function as a proverb.
Neutron Scattering Study of Quantum Phase Transitions in Integral Spin Chains
Creators: name: Zheludev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quite a few low-dimensional magnets are quantum-disordered ``spin liquids'' with a characteristic gap in the magnetic excitation spectrum. Among these are antiferromagnetic chains of integer quantum spins. Their generic feature are long-lived massive (gapped) excitations (magnons) that are subject to Zeeman splitting in external magnetic fields. The gap in one of the magnon branches decreases with field, driving a soft-mode quantum phase transition. The system then enters a qualitatively new high-field phase. The actual properties at high fields, particularly the spin dynamics, critically depend on the system under consideration. Recent neutron scattering studies of organometallic polymer crystals NDMAP (Haldane spin chains with anisotropy) and NTENP (dimerized S=1 chains) revealed rich and unique physics.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, semi-plenary lecture at the LT24 conference, Orlando, Florida, August 2005
High resolution imaging with Fresnel interferometric arrays: suitability for exoplanet detection
Creators: name: Koechlin, L.
name: Serre, D.
name: Duchon, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new kind of interferometric array that yields images of high dynamic range and large field. The numerous individual apertures in this array form a pattern related to a Fresnel zone plate. This array can be used for astrophysical imaging over a broad spectral bandwidth spanning from the U.V. (50 nanometers) to the I.R. (20 microns). Due to the long focal lengths involved, this instrument requires formation-flying of two space borne vessels. We present the concept and study the S/N ratio in different situations, then apply these results to probe the suitability of this concept to detect exoplanets.
description: 12 pages, 19 figures, to be published in A&A
GTAP-E: AN ENERGY-ENVIRONMENTAL VERSION OF THE GTAP MODEL
Creators: name: Burniaux, Jean-March
name: Truong, Truong P.
name: Burniaux, Jean-March
name: Truong, Truong P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Energy is an important commodity in many economic activities. Its usage affects the environment via CO2 emissions and the Greenhouse Effect. Modeling the energy-economy-environment-trade linkages is an important objective in applied economic policy analysis. Previously, however, the modeling of these linkages in GTAP has been incomplete. This is because energy substitution, a key factor in this chain of linkages, is absent from the standard model specification. This technical paper remedies this deficiency by incorporating energy substitution into the standard GTAP model. It begins by first reviewing some of the existing approaches to this problem in contemporary CGE models. It then suggests an approach for GTAP which incorporates some of these desirable features of energy substitution. The approach is implemented as an extended version of the GTAP model called GTAP-E, which includes the standard GTAP model as a special case. In addition, GTAP-E incorporates carbon emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels and this revised version of GTAP-E provides for a mechanism to trade these emissions internationally. The resulting behavior of agents in the model is analyzed using general equilibrium demand elasticities which summarize the combined effect of the new model specification. Implications for policy analysis are demonstrated via a simple simulation experiment in which global carbon emissions are reduced via a carbon tax. Results show that incorporating energy substitution into GTAP is essential for conducting analysis of this problem. The policy relevance of GTAP-E in the context of the existing debate about climate change is illustrated by some simulations of the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. It is hoped that the proposed model will be used by individuals in the GTAP network who may not be themselves energy modelers, but who require a better representation of the energy-economy linkages than is currently offered in the standard GTAP model.
Experiences of contemporary Chinese queer individuals: images of physical and online lives
Creators: name: Zhou, Siya
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200104 Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 200102 Communication Technology and Digital Media Studies
subject: 200205 Culture, Gender, Sexuality
subject: FOS: Other humanities

description: This research aims to study the current situation of Chinese queer groups in the new media environment. As the popularity of the internet and the promotion of global queer politics grows, China's queer research is still in its infancy. Due to China's unique political and cultural atmosphere, discussions on the identity of sexual minorities have always been marginalized. This study aims to obtain real life status of the Chinese contemporary queer group through close-range online observation and in-depth interviews with the queer group. This study selected Weibo, China's largest social platform, as a virtual observation site to study how the queer group can express and socialize on such a virtual platform. The interview part of the research focuses on the differences and commonalities of queer individuals, through their own narratives, to study the current queer group's dilemma and their real-life experiences. In the past, there has been little empirical research on Chinese queer groups, and there was a dominant phenomenon of Western queer theory in Chinese queer studies. This study will combine Chinese and Western queer theory to provide empirical research for Chinese queer research as an archive of Chinese contemporary queer group images.
A GRAPHICAL EXPOSITION OF THE GTAP MODEL
Creators: name: Brockmeier, Martina
name: Brockmeier, Martina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This paper offers a graphical exposition of the GTAP model of global trade. Particular emphasis is placed on the accounting, or equilibrium, relationships in the model. It begins with a treatment of the a one region version of GTAP, thereafter adding a rest of world region to highlight the treatment of trade flows in the model. The implementation of policy instruments in GTAP is also explored, using simple supply-demand graphics. The material provided in this paper was first developed as an introduction to GTAP for participants taking the annual short course. Based on its success in that venue, this paper has been placed on the "highly recommended" reading list for individuals seeking an introduction and overview of the GTAP framework. This paper offers a graphical exposition of the GTAP model of global trade. Particular emphasis is placed on the accounting, or equilibrium, relationships in the model. It begins with a treatment of the a one region version of GTAP, thereafter adding a rest of world region to highlight the treatment of trade flows in the model. The implementation of policy instruments in GTAP is also explored, using simple supply-demand graphics. The material provided in this paper was first developed as an introduction to GTAP for participants taking the annual short course. Based on its success in that venue, this paper has been placed on the highly recommended reading list for individuals seeking an introduction and overview of the GTAP framework.
Numerical assessment of the penetroviscometer approach for large, rapid and transient shear deformations
Creators: name: Fakhari, Ahmad
name: Galindo-Rosales, Francisco J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rheological characterisation of complex fluids is mostly performed under simple shear flow in rotational rheometers. Their modern commercial versions are extremely sensitive instruments which are able to provide very accurate measurements of low values of different material functions, such as viscosity, viscoelastic moduli, etc., under certain ideal flow conditions. Nevertheless, they fail in providing reliable data when characterising the response of complex fluids at short time scales, due to artefacts induced by either instrument or fluid inertia. This is crucial in the analysis of the rheological properties of new formulations of shear thickening fluids specifically developed for protective applications, in which the performance is extremely linked to the time dependent structural changes provoked by the sudden impact loads. Thus, the necessity of providing a reliable experimental tool able to impose large, rapid, transient shear deformation for their rheological characterisation in conditions similar to those of the applications becomes evident. This numerical study aims at assessing the potential use of the penetroviscometer for the measurement of the transient shear viscosity of complex fluids at short time scales beyond the current limits of commercial rotational rheometers.
Single twistor description of massless, massive, AdS, and other interacting particles
Creators: name: Bars, Itzhak
name: Picon, Moises
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Penrose transform between twistors and the phase space of massless particles is generalized from the massless case to an assortment of other particle dynamical systems, including special examples of massless or massive particles, relativistic or non-relativistic, interacting or non-interacting, in flat space or curved spaces. Our unified construction involves always the \it{same} twistor Z^A with only four complex degrees of freedom and subject to the \it{same} helicity constraint. Only the twistor to phase space transform differs from one case to another. Hence a unification of diverse particle dynamical systems is displayed by the fact that they all share the same twistor description. Our single twistor approach seems to be rather different and strikingly economical construction of twistors compared to other past approaches that introduced multiple twistors to represent some similar but far more limited set of particle phase space systems.
description: 31 pages, LaTeX
MODELING COUNTRY RISK AND CAPITAL FLOWS IN GTAP
Creators: name: Malcolm, Gerard
name: Malcolm, Gerard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This paper describes how the standard GTAP framework may be used to assess the short-run impacts of changes in international capital market conditions. It describes a technique that can be used to examine the short-run effects of changes in country risk. In the standard GTAP model investment demand is spread across regions according to a simple rate-of-return-equalizing rule. By making the risk premium in this rule explicit, we are able to examine the effects of changes in these risk premium. This work was originally developed as part of the course material for the South African GTAP short course in January 1998. South Africa has experienced a series of dramatic changes during the last decade, and these have had very significant effects on the capital account. Thus, this paper also contains an application of the technique developed to the recent South African experience, and an assessment of how well the simulated changes in this application match actual outcomes.
Effects of Inhomogeneities on Cosmic Expansion
Creators: name: Siegel, E. R.
name: Fry, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the effect of inhomogeneity energy on the expansion rate of the universe. Our method is to expand to Newtonian order in potential and velocity but to take into account fully nonlinear density inhomogeneities. To linear order in density, kinetic and gravitational potential energy contribute to the total energy of the universe with the same scaling with expansion factor as spatial curvature. In the strongly nonlinear regime, growth saturates, and the net effect of the inhomogeneity energy on the expansion rate remains negligible at all times. In particular, inhomogeneity contributions never mimic the effects of dark energy or induce an accelerated expansion.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, requires emulateapj.cls, revised version submitted to ApJ Letters, references added and discussion expanded
DECOMPOSING WELFARE CHANGES IN THE GTAP MODEL
Creators: name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Huff, Karen
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Huff, Karen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This paper develops a complete decomposition of the change in global welfare in the GTAP model. In particular, this money metric change is broken down into component parts, each of which relates to a quantity change interacting with a distortion in the model. This enables the user to assess, for example, how much of the gains from trade reform are attributable to a given commodity and/or a given region. The commodity and region specific changes in allocative efficiency can be further decomposed by transaction/tax instrument. We find that this greatly facilitates the presentation and analysis of results from GTAP. We motivate the derivation of this decomposition with the case of a one region, three commodity, analogue to the GTAP model. This permits us to focus on purely allocative efficiency effects (no terms of the trade changes). Extension to the multiregion model adds the prospect of terms of trade effects on regional EV, and the multiregion decomposition isolates the contribution of tradable price changes to regional welfare. This is demonstrated in a 3 region, 3 commodity example. Finally, we offer a more complete decomposition which takes into account the impact of changes in endowments and technology on regional welfare. This revised (2001) version introduces a number of important changes to the original (1996) paper. In particular, we build on the new final demand structure for GTAP proposed by McDougall (2001). This includes explicit recognition of changes in the marginal utility of income, as well as a per capita decomposition. We also take account of version 5.0 changes in the standard GTAP model, including the introduction of multiple international margins commodities.
Ethical considerations of machine learning based tools in media research: A case study on BBC Media Action’s Klahan-9 project in Cambodia and El Kul in Libya
Creators: name: González-Barboza, Sofía
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200104 Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 200102 Communication Technology and Digital Media Studies

description: The most frequent applications of artificial intelligence nowadays come, not in the form of sentient robots, but as code and large pools of data. The use of computational methods to analyse large quantities of information is a very helpful tool for a wide range of disciplines, from finance analysis to weather forecasting. When it comes to media research, employing big data analysis can provide great insight into an audience - and thus help create media products targeted at a specific population. Despite its benefits, media researchers must also take a look at what comprises an ethical use of such technologies.This study focuses on analysing the ethical considerations of using big data research, specifically machine learning tools, in media research. The examination of ethics frameworks is applied to two BBC Media Action projects: Klahan-9 in Cambodia and El Kul in Libya. The analysis of both case studies does not only intend to provide a deeper understanding on data ethics applied to media but also aid in the creation of ethics guidelines for media researchers.As the BBC Media Action research team had questions in regards to both the technology and its implications, the study adopted a participatory approach. Workshops were pivotal in providing the researchers with relevant information regarding big data and machine learning while also setting the groundwork for the creation of an ethics guide. These sessions discussed aspects such as informed consent within a big data context, ensuring the privacy and anonymity of the dataset (as well as the participants that comprise the data), the publication of both the results and the data as a means of ensuring transparency and the technical knowledge required on behalf of the research team to successfully carry out all of the objectives.The El Kul and Klahan-9 case studies became an ethics testing ground that generated relevant points for the creation of a new framework for media research. Such products, however, must be understood as an ongoing process that require constant feedback through future research on the subject.
Measuring the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect from the low-density regions of the universe
Creators: name: Dong, Fuyu
name: Yu, Yu
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Yang, Xiaohu
name: Zhang, Pengjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect is caused by the decay of cosmological gravitational potential, and is therefore a unique probe of dark energy. However, its robust detection is still problematic. Various tensions between different data sets, different large scale structure (LSS) tracers, and between data and the $Λ$CDM theory prediction, exist. We propose a novel method of ISW measurement by cross correlating CMB and the LSS traced by "low-density-position" (LDP, \citet{2019ApJ...874....7D}). It isolates the ISW effect generated by low-density regions of the universe, but insensitive to selection effects associated with voids. We apply it to the DR8 galaxy catalogue of the DESI Legacy imaging surveys, and obtain the LDPs at $z\leq 0.6$ over $\sim$ 20000 $deg^2$ sky coverage. We then cross correlate with the Planck temperature map, and detect the ISW effect at $3.2σ$. We further compare the measurement with numerical simulations of the concordance $Λ$CDM cosmology, and find the ISW amplitude parameter $A_{ISW}=1.14\pm0.38$ when we adopt a LDP definition radius $R_s=3^{'}$, fully consistent with the prediction of the standard $Λ$CDM cosmology ($A_{ISW}=1$). This agreement with $Λ$CDM cosmology holds for all the galaxy samples and $R_s$ that we have investigated. Furthermore, the S/N is comparable to that of galaxy ISW measurement. These results demonstrate the LDP method as a competitive alternative to existing ISW measurement methods, and provide independent checks to existing tensions.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures
IRRIGATION WATER SUPPLY AS A BIOECONOMIC PROCESS
Creators: name: Lynne, Gary D.
name: Boggess, William G.
name: Portier, Kenneth M.
name: Lynne, Gary D.
name: Boggess, William G.
name: Portier, Kenneth M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Irrigation water is produced within the irrigation subprocess of a farm. Water supply is identified for effective field water, which sets the upper bound on water available for plant use. Georgescu-Roegen process analysis concepts are merged with the neoclassical theory of cost as the underlying framework. The approach is illustrated for a permanent overhead system used in a Florida citrus grove. The marginal cost for the 2.54 centimeters application depth dominates all other depths for the higher water levels. Process analysis is an important analytical tool for increasing understanding of the features of irrigation water supply.
Security bound of two-bases quantum key-distribution protocols using qudits
Creators: name: Nikolopoulos, Georgios M.
name: Alber, Gernot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the security bounds of quantum cryptographic protocols using $d$-level systems. In particular, we focus on schemes that use two mutually unbiased bases, thus extending the BB84 quantum key distribution scheme to higher dimensions. Under the assumption of general coherent attacks, we derive an analytic expression for the ultimate upper security bound of such quantum cryptography schemes. This bound is well below the predictions of optimal cloning machines. The possibility of extraction of a secret key beyond entanglement distillation is discussed. In the case of qutrits we argue that any eavesdropping strategy is equivalent to a symmetric one. For higher dimensions such an equivalence is generally no longer valid.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Coherent and incoherent $J/Ψ$ photoproduction in $PbPb$ collisions at the LHC, HE -- LHC and FCC
Creators: name: Goncalves, Victor P.
name: Martins, Daniel E.
name: Sena, Celso R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coherent and incoherent $J/Ψ$ photoproduction in $PbPb$ collisions are investigated considering the possible states of nucleon configurations in the nuclear wave function and taking into account of the non - linear corrections to the QCD dynamics. The cross sections and the rapidity and transverse momentum distributions are estimated for the energies of the next run of the LHC, High -- Energy LHC and Future Circular Collider. Our results indicate that a future experimental analysis of these processes will be useful to discriminate between different approaches for the QCD dynamics as well to improve our description of the gluon saturation effects.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
ECONOMIC THRESHOLDS UNDER UNCERTAINTY WITH APPLICATION TO CORN NEMATODE MANAGEMENT
Creators: name: Moffitt, L. Joe
name: Hall, Darwin C.
name: Osteen, Craig D.
name: Moffitt, L. Joe
name: Hall, Darwin C.
name: Osteen, Craig D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Risk and Uncertainty

description: An economic threshold of agricultural pest management is derived. Results provide a method for researchers to use in making improved pest control recommendations to farmers without farm level decision-making. An empirical illustration for lesion nematode management in irrigated corn is given and directions for further research are indicated.
Are jets in symbiotic stars driven by magnetic fields?
Creators: name: Stute, Matthias
name: Camenzind, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare two scenarios to launch jets -- formation by MHD processes or formation by thermal pressure in the boundary layer (BL) -- with respect to their compatibility with observational data of jets in symbiotic stars, especially in the well studied jet source MWC 560. Finally, we discuss points of further research to be done.
description: 4 pages, accepted for publication in A & A Letters
EFFECTS OF INCREASING PANAMA CANAL TOLL RATES ON U.S. GRAIN EXPORTS
Creators: name: Fuller, Stephen W.
name: Makus, Larry D.
name: Gallimore, William
name: Fuller, Stephen W.
name: Makus, Larry D.
name: Gallimore, William
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Some believe Panama Canal toll rates will increase dramatically as Panama's sovereignty over the Canal becomes complete at the end of this century. This paper focuses on the ability of Panama Canal management to extract additional toll revenues from United States grain traversing the Canal and the impact of increased toll rates on export grain flows. Analyses show toll rates established by a revenue-maximizing Canal management would exceed historical and current rates. A monopolizing Canal operator would have moderately increased Pacific port exports in the mid-1970's; whereas, in the 1979-82 period, Pacific port flows would have exceeded historical levels.
Signature of $N^{\star}$ resonance in mass spectrum of the $K\bar{K}N$ decay channels
Creators: name: Marri, Sajjad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-body calculations of $I=\frac{1}{2}$, $J^π=\frac{1}{2}^{+}$ state of $K\bar{K}N$ system were performed. Using separable potentials for two-body interactions in the Faddeev equation, different reaction process for $K\bar{K}N$ three-body system were studied. Within this method, the $πΣ{K}$ and $πη{N}$ mass spectra were extracted. Different types of $\bar{K}N-πΣ$ potentials based on phenomenological and chiral SU(3) approach were used and the dependence of the mass spectra to the $\bar{K}N$ model of interaction were studied. It was shown that the $πΣ{K}$ and $πη{N}$ mass spectra could be a useful tool to study the properties of the $N^{\star}$ resonance.
description: 17 pages
The narrative and tropes of the Italian anti-vaccination movement in their online communication in 2017
Creators: name: Concer, Marco
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200104 Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 200102 Communication Technology and Digital Media Studies

description: This dissertation explores the narrative and the propaganda used by the Italian anti-vaccination movement in their online communication. The analysis is based on the comments posted on Facebook by the activists in the period between the 1st June 2017 and the 31st of August 2017. This time-frame was selected in order to include the 28th of July 2017, the date in which the Italian Parliament passed a new vaccination law, making 12 vaccines obligatory for children. During this time period, the NO-VAX activists were particularly active on social networks advocating against the new law. This work researches contemporary topics in media and communication studies: political communication through social networks, online communication in social movements, and the role of narrative in their communication and propaganda.
Through the content analysis of the comments, I examined the most relevant tropes and rhetoric techniques used by anti-vaccination activists. When they are engaging a discussion online, I identified four main components in their communication:
• Attacking the opposition: this involves accusing vaccination supporters of being moved by unclear interests. Media and politicians are suspected of hiding information about the dangers of vaccines;
• Skewing the science: this consists of denigrating scientific facts that do not support their thesis while accepting only ‘non-aligned’ research;• Supporting the battle: showing support and commitment to the people who fight against vaccinations, while presenting an ‘US vs THEM’ rhetoric;• Shifting hypotheses: when a group of theories displayed by the anti-vax movement gets refuted by the scientific community, the movement’s supporters modify their thesis and challenge a different aspect of the topic. This may also involve presenting a personal story in order to discredit statistical facts.The elements of their communication presents several similarities to what is defined as political propaganda, such as the presence of a vicious enemies to fight against (media, politicians and ‘mainstream’ physicians), a group of brave heroes and super-human figures (‘non-aligned’ researchers), and a major ideal to fight for (the freedom of choice).
This topic is particularly relevant because of the alarming news about the low Italian vaccination rate. Because of that, defeated diseases like measles have started to spread again in the country. The effectiveness of the anti-vaccination propaganda played a key role in increasing disinformation about this topic and worsened the situation. In order to be able to produce a powerful counter-narrative to contradict their claims, it is important to understand what kind of tropes and rhetorical elements they are using to gain support and to influence policy-makers.
Five-dimensional Supergravity and Hyperbolic Kac-Moody Algebra G2H
Creators: name: Mizoguchi, Shun'ya
name: Mohri, Kenji
name: Yamada, Yasuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent analysis of the E10 sigma model for the study of M theory, we study a one-dimensional sigma model associated with the hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebra G2H and its link to D=5, N=2 pure supergravity, which closely resembles in many ways D=11 supergravity. The bosonic equations of motion and the Bianchi identity for D=5 pure supergravity match the equations of the level l<=3 truncation of the G2H sigma model up to higher level terms, just as they do for the D=11 case. We also compute low level root and outer multiplicities in the A3 decomposition, and indeed find singlets at l=4k, k=2,3,... corresponding to the scaling of ER^{k+1} terms, although the missing singlet at l =4 remains a puzzle.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF SOLAR ENERGY APPLICATIONS WITH ENDOGENOUS SYSTEM SIZING
Creators: name: Gunter, Lewell F.
name: Smathers, Webb M.
name: Gunter, Lewell F.
name: Smathers, Webb M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper is concerned with analysis of economic feasibility of solar energy systems. Methodology for estimating energy output from different sized systems is briefly presented, and this is used to determine technical coefficients for a mixed integer model which optimizes the size of the solar heating unit for a particular use. An empirical example of hot water heating on a Georgia dairy is presented. Cost curves are provided for the dairy example to illustrate the effect of sizing on the economic feasibility of solar heating and to elucidate the structure of the optimal sizing decision.
Pretreatments of Al-2024 T3 alloy for BTSE silane deposition
Creators: name: Lee, Michael Che-Chiang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Work in this thesis studied different alkaline etching procedures performed on Al-2024 alloy prior to deposition of bis-triethoxysilylethane (BTSE). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the chemistry and morphology of the surfaces formed after the various pretreatments and coatings have been applied. The corrosion performance of these samples were assessed using polarisation curve measurements and immersion testing. Sonicating tests were performed to determine, semi-quantitatively, the adhesion of BTSE to Al-2024 panels after application of the various pretreatments. Alkaline etching of the coated and uncoated Al-2024 panels was performed using 10% NaOH in deionised water, varying the duration of the treatment from 1 minute to 10 minutes. It is shown on uncoated Al-2024 that longer etching times increase surface roughness of the substrate, but also reduce corrosion resistance, cause copper enrichment at the surface, and form loosely-bonded etching products which affect the subsequent silane deposition steps. BTSE solutions varying from 1% to 10% (v/v) BTSE were used to coat the pretreated panels. It is found that BTSE-coated samples perform better than their uncoated counterparts in corrosion testing, and that more-concentrated BTSE solutions on identically prepared panels produce thicker coatings, with better passivation. It is also found that, while increasing the alkaline etching time may lead to conditions where more BTSE is deposited to the surface, this "enhanced" silane layer is not as securely-bonded to the surface and will not aid in the passivation of the substrate. Finally, the effects of the HNO₃ desmutting step were studied by varying the treatment times that the Al-2024 panels received in 10% FINO₃ after 1 minute of alkaline etching. It is found that for up to 30 minutes of treatment, FINO₃ is beneficial to silane deposition as it removes the etching product created during the NaOH treatment, builds up the oxide layer and creates more sites for the silane bonding. However, with longer exposure, HNO₃ acts as a corrosion agent removing previously-built oxide layer which reduces the amount of securely-bonded BTSE.
Additional file 1 of The utility of diagnostic tests in the detection and prediction of glucose intolerance in the early and late postpartum period in women after gestational diabetes: a longitudinal cohort study
Creators: name: Quansah, Dan Yedu
name: Gross, Justine
name: Mbundu-Ilunga, Richard
name: Jardena J. Puder
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Prevalence of glucose intolerance according to different diagnostic tests at different postpartum periods in CON participants. Table S2. Detection of glucose intolerance according to diagnostic tests at different postpartum periods (cross-sectional) in CON participants. Table S3. Changes in prevalence of glucose intolerance according to diagnostic tests in CON participants. Table S4. Prediction of 1-year pathological glucose intolerance according to diagnostic tests at 4–12 weeks postpartum period in CON participants (longitudinal) (N=60). Table S5. Clinical characteristics at 4–12 weeks postpartum between participants with and without data for the 1-year postpartum visit. Table S6. Clinical characteristics at 4–12 weeks postpartum between participants with and without data for the 3-year postpartum visit.
Modeling Helping Behavior in Emergency Evacuations Using Volunteer's Dilemma Game
Creators: name: Kwak, Jaeyoung
name: Lees, Michael H
name: Cai, Wentong
name: Ong, Marcus EH
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: People often help others who are in trouble, especially in emergency evacuation situations. For instance, during the 2005 London bombings, it was reported that evacuees helped injured persons to escape the place of danger. In terms of game theory, it can be understood that such helping behavior provides a collective good while it is a costly behavior because the volunteers spend extra time to assist the injured persons in case of emergency evacuations. In order to study the collective effects of helping behavior in emergency evacuations, we have performed numerical simulations of helping behavior among evacuees in a room evacuation scenario. Our simulation model is based on the volunteer's dilemma game reflecting volunteering cost. The game theoretic model is coupled with a social force model to understand the relationship between the spatial and social dynamics of evacuation scenarios. By systematically changing the cost parameter of helping behavior, we observed different patterns of collective helping behaviors and these collective patterns are summarized with a phase diagram.
description: International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) 2020 Conference Paper
Dark Matter Dynamics and Indirect Detection
Creators: name: Bertone, Gianfranco
name: Merritt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-baryonic, or "dark," matter is believed to be a major component of the total mass budget of the universe. We review the candidates for particle dark matter and discuss the prospects for direct detection (via interaction of dark matter particles with laboratory detectors) and indirect detection (via observations of the products of dark matter self-annihilations), focusing in particular on the Galactic center, which is among the most promising targets for indirect detection studies. The gravitational potential at the Galactic center is dominated by stars and by the supermassive black hole, and the dark matter distribution is expected to evolve on sub-parsec scales due to interaction with these components. We discuss the dominant interaction mechanisms and show how they can be used to rule out certain extreme models for the dark matter distribution, thus increasing the information that can be gleaned from indirect detection searches.
description: 17 pages. Invited review for Modern Physics Letters A
Additional file 1 of Community-based progress indicators for prevention of mother-to-child transmission and mortality rates in HIV-exposed children in rural Mozambique
Creators: name: Fuente-Soro, Laura
name: Fernández-Luis, Sheila
name: López-Varela, Elisa
name: Orvalho Augusto
name: Tacilta Nhampossa
name: Nhacolo, Ariel
name: Bernardo, Edson
name: Burgueño, Blanca
name: Ngeno, Bernadette
name: Aleny Couto
name: Guambe, Helga
name: Kwalila Tibana
name: Urso, Marilena
name: Naniche, Denise
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. HIV testing history among seropositive women in our cohort and their children who participated in a study of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Manhiça District, Mozambique. Table S1. Leading causes of death among deceased children (n = 82) in a study of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Manhiça District, Mozambique. Children with unknown cause of death due to absence of verbal autopsy were excluded from the denominator. Figure S2. HIV testing history and PMTCT retention among women found at home who participated in a study of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Manhiça District, Mozambique.
Quantum Theory of Molecular Magnetism
Creators: name: Schnack, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The synthesis of molecular magnets has undergone rapid progress in recent years. Each of the identical molecular units can contain as few as two and up to several dozens of paramagnetic ions (spins). Although these materials appear as macroscopic samples, i.e. crystals or powders, the intermolecular magnetic interactions are utterly negligible as compared to the intramolecular interactions. Therefore, measurements of their magnetic properties reflect mainly ensemble properties of single molecules. Their magnetic features promise a variety of applications in physics, magneto-chemistry, biology, biomedicine and material sciences as well as in quantum computing. It appears that in the majority of these molecules the localized single-particle magnetic moments couple antiferromagnetically and the spectrum is rather well described by the Heisenberg model with isotropic nearest neighbor interaction sometimes augmented by anisotropy terms. Thus, the interest in the Heisenberg model, which is known already for a long time, but used mostly for infinite one-, two-, and three-dimensional systems, was renewed by the successful synthesis of magnetic molecules. Studying such spin arrays focuses on qualitatively new physics caused by the finite size of the system. Theoretical inorganic chemistry itself provides several methods to understand and describe molecular magnetism. In this contribution we would like to focus on those subjects which are of general interest in the context of quantum magnetism.
description: Chapter of the proceedings of the IFF Spring School on Nanomagnetism 2005. The chapter is similar to the one published in Lect. Notes Phys. 645, 155-194 (2004). More information at http://obelix.physik.uni-osnabrueck.de/~schnack/
Automatic Domain Adaptation Outperforms Manual Domain Adaptation for Predicting Financial Outcomes
Creators: name: Sedinkina, Marina
name: Breitkopf, Nikolas
name: Schütze, Hinrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we automatically create sentiment dictionaries for predicting financial outcomes. We compare three approaches: (I) manual adaptation of the domain-general dictionary H4N, (ii) automatic adaptation of H4N and (iii) a combination consisting of first manual, then automatic adaptation. In our experiments, we demonstrate that the automatically adapted sentiment dictionary outperforms the previous state of the art in predicting the financial outcomes excess return and volatility. In particular, automatic adaptation performs better than manual adaptation. In our analysis, we find that annotation based on an expert's a priori belief about a word's meaning can be incorrect -- annotation should be performed based on the word's contexts in the target domain instead.
description: Accepted at ACL2019
STATE-LEVEL ANALYSIS OF NATIONAL BEEF POLICY: THE USE OF STATE ECONOMETRIC MODELS
Creators: name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: Martin, William J.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: Martin, William J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Interest has grown in analyzing the impact of national imports of foreign beef on state agricultural sectors. In this study, an interfaced Hawaiian-national model is simulated for a change in national beef imports. Hawaiian and national impacts demonstrate wide variation in both sign and magnitude. Usefulness of state models is emphasized for situations where state impacts of national policies are of interest.
Additional file 1 of Heart rate variability change during a stressful cognitive task in individuals with anxiety and control participants
Creators: name: Held, Judith
name: Vîslă, Andreea
name: Wolfer, Christine
name: Messerli-Bürgy, Nadine
name: Flückiger, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Additional information on methods: Participants, Working memory task. Table S1: Demographic characteristics of the included participants. Figure S1: Experimental procedure. Additional results: Analysis of the self-reported level of worry across the WM task. Table S2: Bivariate correlations.
Flavour Breaking Effects of Wilson twisted mass fermions
Creators: name: Jansen, K.
name: McNeile, C.
name: Michael, C.
name: Nagai, K.
name: Papinutto, M.
name: Pickavance, J.
name: Shindler, A.
name: Urbach, C.
name: Wetzorke, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the flavour breaking effects appearing in the Wilson twisted mass formulation of lattice QCD. In this quenched study, we focus on the mass splitting between the neutral and the charged pion, determining the neutral pion mass with a stochastic noise method to evaluate the disconnected contributions. We find that these disconnected contributions are significant. Using the Osterwalder-Seiler interpretation of the connected piece of the neutral pion correlator, we compute the corresponding neutral pion mass to study with more precision the scaling behaviour of the mass splitting.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Entanglement renormalization
Creators: name: Vidal, Guifre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of real-space renormalization group methods, we propose a novel scheme for quantum systems defined on a D-dimensional lattice. It is based on a coarse-graining transformation that attempts to reduce the amount of entanglement of a block of lattice sites before truncating its Hilbert space. Numerical simulations involving the ground state of a 1D system at criticality show that the resulting coarse-grained site requires a Hilbert space dimension that does not grow with successive rescaling transformations. As a result we can address, in a quasi-exact way, tens of thousands of quantum spins with a computational effort that scales logarithmically in the system's size. The calculations unveil that ground state entanglement in extended quantum systems is organized in layers corresponding to different length scales. At a quantum critical point, each rellevant length scale makes an equivalent contribution to the entanglement of a block with the rest of the system.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, updated version