cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
West African fisheries : past, present and 'futures?'
Creators: name: Belhabib, Dyhia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: This thesis provides evidence for why more complete fisheries catch estimates should be included in fisheries assessments. West African fisheries suffer over-exploitation, illegal fishing and overcapacity. Certainly, overlooking small-scale sectors and attributing “zero” to existing gaps do not improve the situation. Under-reporting masks fisheries real trends and overcapacity, contributing to intensifying over-exploitation, whose impacts, along with the effects of climate change, could be disastrous. My research focuses on the fisheries of the Western part of the African continent. I begin by presenting methods to estimate the “invisible” catch through the case study of Senegal. I designed this “catch reconstruction” to illustrate the effects of illegal fishing on small-scale fisheries whose geographical range has increased significantly. I used reconstructed data for small-scale fisheries to quantify their contribution to employment and the economy, their profitability and the evolution of fisher’s income as compared to the national poverty line. I found that people increasingly rely on fisheries despite their low income, now dangerously close to the poverty line. Foreign fisheries also contribute to generating income, but also to income losses. I compare the performance of fisheries by China and Europe in West Africa in terms of reporting, illegal fishing and compensation. It appears that despite the inherent policy differences between China and Europe in terms of their Distant Water Fleet (DWF) operations, they both under-reported catches, fished illegally and undercompensated for fishing agreements. They also both contribute to reducing the biomass of fish available to local fishers, and hence to a reduction fishing opportunities and incomes. Fish stocks, and therefore, fisheries are also affected by climate change. I examine these effects and overlap them with some fisheries socio-economic indicators and found that artisanal fishers were more likely to “follow the fish” by expanding their fishing range, while industrial fishers seem to have more flexible as their range of adaptation strategies appears to be wider. In summary, the work on West African fisheries refutes the myth of “lack of data”, and I show that sufficient data exist to analyze the effects of current fisheries policy, and by implication, to formulate alternatives.
Effects of mineral versus organic fertilizers on soil fertility and organic carbon stocks in agricultural topsoil and subsoil
Creators: name: YASER OSTOVARI
name: Guigue, Julien
name: Neumeier, Anke
name: Overtuf, Emily
name: Muskolus, Andreas
name: Martens, Henk
name: Mešinović, Emina
name: Knabner, Ingrid Kögel
name: Creamer, Rachel
name: Van Groenigen, Jan Willem
name: Vidal, Alix
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Organic amendments, Organic carbon stocks, subsoil

description: The main goals of sustainable agricultural practices are to rebuild soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and to sustain soil fertility. The use of organic amendments such as manure, slurry and biogas digestate, as sources of carbon and nutrients, is one of the levers to achieve these goals, as an alternative to the use of mineral fertilizers. However, the effects of organic amendments compared with traditional mineral fertilizers on topsoil and subsoil SOC stocks and soil fertility are still uncertain. Hence, we aimed at investigating the effects of mineral and organic fertilizers (i.e., manure, pig slurry and biogas digestate) on topsoil and subsoil biogeochemistry, and soil structure, after seven years of application. To this end, we sampled soil cores down to 1 m depth in a randomized field experiment in North Germany, running since 2011. We quantified the SOC and nitrogen stocks, as well as some nutrient contents (e.g., nitrate, available phosphorus). Selected samples were further analysed for aggregate size distribution, as well as organic carbon and nitrogen contents within these aggregates. A hyperspectral camera in the range of Vis-NIR was used to scan undisturbed core-samples in order to reveal hotspots of carbon storage along the soil profile. Soil carbon distribution was predicted as a function of spectral response coupled with a machine learning ensemble. Overall, the mean SOC stocks were low (53 t ha-1), reflecting the sandy loam texture of the Northeast German soils under permanent cropping. The application of organic fertilizers (whatever their nature) resulted in higher SOC contents in the first 10 cm (+26 %) and from 20-40 cm (+30%), as compared to the mineral fertilizer treatments. The application of mineral fertilizer or digestate, as compared to the control, resulted in higher relative amount of microaggregates (versus macroaggregates) (+ 19-40 %) in the soil down to 80 cm. These results will provide essential information to develop management strategies that could increase nutrient recycling as well as SOC stocks.
description: Eurosoil 2021
Inclusive b-jet production in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inclusive b-jet production cross section in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is measured using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The cross section is presented as a function of the jet transverse momentum in the range 18 < pT < 200 GeV for several rapidity intervals. The results are also given as the ratio of the b-jet production cross section to the inclusive jet production cross section. The measurement is performed with two different analyses, which differ in their trigger selection and b-jet identification: a jet analysis that selects events with a b jet using a sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34 inverse picobarns, and a muon analysis requiring a b jet with a muon based on an integrated luminosity of 3 inverse picobarns. In both approaches the b jets are identified by requiring a secondary vertex. The results from the two methods are in agreement with each other and with next-to-leading order calculations, as well as with predictions based on the PYTHIA event generator.
description: Submitted to the Journal of High Energy Physics. This version equivalent to the published version
Dynamical regime of electron transport in correlated one-dimensional conductor with defect
Creators: name: Artemenko, S. N.
name: Aseev, P. P.
name: Shapiro, D. S.
name: Vakhitov, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron transport in a 1D conductor with an isolated local defect such as an impurity or a non-adiabatic contact is studied theoretically. New regime of conduction in correlated 1D systems is predicted beyond the well-known regime of tunneling resulting in the power-law I-V-curves. In this regime a quantum wire becomes "opened" at voltage biases above the threshold value $V_T$, giving rise to a rapid increase of the dc current, $\bar I$, accompanied by ac oscillations of frequency $f = \bar I/e$. The effect of ac generation is related to sliding of the Friedel oscillations of electronic density produced by the defect. Manifestations of the effect resemble the Coulomb blockade and the Josephson effect. The spin bias applied to the system is shown to affect the I-V curves due to violation of the spin-charge separation at the defect site. In short quantum wires of length $L < L_0 \sim \hbar v_F/eV_T$ and at high temperatures $T > T_0 \sim eV_T/k_B$ the effect is destroyed by fluctuations. The threshold voltage $V_T$ is determined by $2k_F$-component of impurity potential renormalized by fluctuations. The 1D conductor is described in terms of the Tomonaga-Luttinger Hamiltonian with short range or long-range Coulomb interaction by means of the bosonization technique. We derive boundary conditions that take into account relaxation in the leads and permit to solve non-equilibrium problems. Charge fluctuations are studied by means of Gaussian model which can be justified strictly in the limit of large voltages or strong enough inter-electronic repulsion. Spin fluctuations are taken into account strictly by means of the refermionization technique applicable in case of spin-rotation invariant interaction.
description: 32 pages, 1 figure
Fluorination of alkyl radicals using electrophilic N-F reagents and investigation on the intramolecular chemoselectivity of alkoxy radicals
Creators: name: Rueda Becerril, Montserrat
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The selective fluorination of organic molecules has become increasingly important for the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries, given that the presence of this atom enhances the lipophilicity and bioavailability of molecules. Despite the extensive research in fluorine chemistry, there is a paucity of selective and safe sources of fluorine for radical reactions. I hereby present the investigation of N−F reagents as efficient fluorine atom transfer agents to alkyl radicals. Although most of the research presented in this work focuses on fluorination methodologies, a study on the intramolecular chemoselectivity of alkoxy radicals is also discussed. Chapter 2 describes the exploratory work into the feasibility of transferring a fluorine atom to alkyl radicals from electrophilic sources of fluorine. Diacyl peroxides and t-butylperesters were homolyzed to generate alkyl radicals in the presence of different N−F fluorine sources. Primary, secondary, and tertiary fluoroalkanes were successfully synthesized under the reaction conditions. This methodology was successfully applied to the fluorination of a cholic acid derivative. In Chapter 3, photoredox catalysis was explored as an alternative method to generate alkyl radicals in the context of radical fluorination. Trisbipyridylruthenium (II) and visible light were utilized to promote the decarboxylative fluorination of phenoxyacetic acid derivatives. Electronwithdrawing groups on the aryl ring favoured the transformation, while electron-donating groups provided undesired products. An estrone derivative was successfully fluorinated with our visible-light mediated methodology. Additionally, transient absorption spectroscopy studies in collaboration with the Wolf group at the University of British Columbia, along with cyclic voltammetry experiments performed in collaboration with the Bizzotto group at the same institution, provided evidence to support an oxidative mechanism of the photocatalytic cycle. Chapter 4 describes a study to assess the chemoselectivity of alkoxy radical cyclizations onto silyl enol ethers, when other radical pathways can occur. Cyclization of intramolecular competition substrates showed that 5-exo cyclization of alkoxy radicals onto silyl enol ethers were preferred over 5-exo cyclizations onto terminal, disubstituted and trisubstituted alkenes, as well as 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer reactions and β-fragmentations. Silyl enol ethers as alkoxy radical acceptors strongly favour 6-exo cyclization over 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer from an allylic position.
SMART-M3 v.0.9: A semantic event processing engine supporting information level interoperability in ambient intelligence
Creators: name: Morandi, Francesco
name: Vergari, Fabio
name: D'Elia, Alfredo
name: Roffia, Luca
name: Salmon Cinotti, Tullio
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: ING-INF/05 Sistemi di elaborazione delle informazioni

description: This tutorial is addressed to all students in Electronic Engineering and Information Engineering at the Scuola di Ingegneria e Architettura of the University of Bologna attending the following courses: Laboratory of Interoperability of Embedded Systems, "Calcolatori Elettronici M" and "Attività Progettuale di Calcolatori Elettronici M".
This tutorial  includes the guidelines to build distributed applications where clients may interact with physical space. Inter-client interaction occurs through a semantic event processing engine. Information interoperability is based on a shared knowledge representation model named ontology. This tutorial is focused on client design and on the SPARQL primitives that provide the means for client-event processing engine interaction.
Untersuchungen zur Wirkung von Adefovir-Dipivoxil und Pitavastatin auf die Funktion humaner T-Zellen
Creators: name: Voss, Linda
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: T-Zellen
subject: Adefovir-Dipivoxil
subject: Pitavastatin
subject: Immunsystem
subject: 571.6

description: Zielstellung der Arbeit Die Entwicklung neuer Medikamente ist ein langwieriger und kostenintensiver Prozess, der mit einem großen Risiko behaftet ist. Eine Alternative zur klassischen Arzneimittelentwicklung stellt das Drug Repositioning oder Drug Repurposing dar. Die Strategie beruht darauf, für bereits bekannte Wirkstoffe eine neue Anwendung zu finden. Ein wesentliches Ziel der vorliegenden Promotionsarbeit war es deshalb, durch ein zelluläres Screening-System zur Proliferation mononukleärer Zellen (MNZ) die Wirkung von 786 zugelassenen Medikamenten zu untersuchen, um potentielle Kandidaten für eine Neuanwendung bei T-Zell-vermittelten Autoimmunreaktionen zu identifizieren. Da prä-aktivierte autoreaktive T-Zellen wesentlich an der Immunpathogenese dieser Erkrankungen beteiligt sind, sollten potentielle Kandidaten effektiv die Proliferation sowohl frisch stimulierter als auch prä-aktivierter MNZ hemmen. Die Untersuchung der Substanzbibliothek identifizierte Adefovir Dipivoxil und Pitavastatin als zwei derartige Substanzen, welche im Rahmen der Arbeit weiter charakterisiert werden sollten. Dazu wurde die Wirkung von Adefovir Dipivoxil auf die Proliferation, die T-Zell-Aktivierung und die Zytokin-Produktion frisch stimulierter und prä-aktivierter T-Zellen untersucht. Aufgrund der molekularen Struktur wurde darüber hinaus abgeklärt, ob die Substanz DNA-Doppelstrangbrüche induziert und damit einhergehend p53 aktiviert. Weiter wurde die Wirkung von Adefovir Dipivoxil auf den Zellzyklus, eine mögliche Induktion von Apoptose und die damit im Zusammenhang stehenden molekularen Mechanismen betrachtet. Parallel wurde der Einfluss von Pitavastatin auf die Proliferation, T-Zell Aktivierung und Zytokin-Produktion sowie auf den Zellzyklus und die Apoptose-Induktion frisch stimulierter und prä-aktivierter T-Zellen evaluiert. Aufgrund des Wirkmechanismus der Substanz erfolgte nachfolgend die Untersuchung der Expression von pERK1/2 und eines möglichen molekularen Zusammenhangs dieser mit der Apoptose-Induktion.
Einstein Hermitian Metrics of Positive Sectional Curvature
Creators: name: Koca, Caner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we will prove that the only compact 4-manifold M with an Einstein metric of positive sectional curvature which is also hermitian with respect to some complex structure on M, is the complex projective plane CP^2, with its Fubini-Study metric.
Local dynamics in high-order harmonic generation using Bohmian trajectories
Creators: name: Wu, J.
name: Augstein, B. B.
name: Faria, C. Figueira de Morisson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate high-order harmonic generation from a Bohmian-mechanical perspective, and find that the innermost part of the core, represented by a single Bohmian trajectory, leads to the main contributions to the high-harmonic spectra. Using time-frequency analysis, we associate this central Bohmian trajectory to an ensemble of unbound classical trajectories leaving and returning to the core, in agreement with the three step model. In the Bohmian scenario, this physical picture builds up non-locally near the core via the quantum mechanical phase of the wavefunction. This implies that the flow of the wavefunction far from the core alters the central Bohmian trajectory. We also show how this phase degrades in time for the peripheral Bohmian trajectories as they leave the core region.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; the manuscript has been considerably extended and modified with regard to the previous versions
Scientometrična analiza člankov s področja obvladovanja pandemije COVID-19 v socialnem varstvu
Creators: name: Kastrin, Alja Nike
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Živimo v času spopada s pandemijo koronavirusa SARS-CoV-2. Pandemija se hitro razvija in za seboj pušča milijone izgubljenih življenj. Hkrati se pandemija odraža tudi v negativnih družbenih, gospodarskih in političnih posledicah. V prispevku predstavim rezultate scientometrične analize znanstvenih člankov s področja obvladovanja pandemije COVID-19 na področju socialnega varstva. V zbirki Web of Science sem identificirala 7857 relevantnih bibliografskih zapisov. Iz zapisov sem izluščila bibliografske sezname in zgradila omrežje citiranj. V omrežju sem identificirala 44 homogenih gruč raziskovalnih tematik in najbolj reprezentativne tudi interpretirala.
Search for quark compositeness in dijet angular distributions from pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for quark compositeness using dijet angular distributions from pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV is presented. The search has been carried out using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.2 inverse femtobarns, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Normalized dijet angular distributions have been measured for dijet invariant masses from 0.4 TeV to above 3 TeV and compared with a variety of contact interaction models, including those which take into account the effects of next-to-leading-order QCD corrections. The data are found to be in agreement with the predictions of perturbative QCD, and lower limits are obtained on the contact interaction scale, ranging from 7.5 up to 14.5 TeV at 95% confidence level.
description: Submitted to the Journal of High Energy Physics. This version equivalent to the published version
Gezielter Proteinabbau in Pflanzen mittels chimärer E3-Ubiquitin-Ligasen
Creators: name: Sorge, Eberhard
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 570

description: Der gezielte Abbau von Proteinen in zellulärer Umgebung erlaubt direkte Rückschlüsse auf deren Wirkung in komplexen Signalkaskaden oder Pathomechanismen. Techniken auf Basis von DeGradFP (Degradation of fluorescent proteins) wurden verwendet, um den gezielten kompartimentspezifischen Proteinabbau in transgenen Pflanzen nachzuweisen und Auswirkungen des Abbaus pathogener Effektorproteine zu analysieren. Abbauversuche der Zielproteine EYFP-CENH3 bzw. SAP11-GFP5 zeigten, dass sich chimäre E3-Ligasen für die Degradation kernlokalisierter Proteine eignen bzw. SAP11-spezifische Phänotypen abgemildert werden können. Hinsichtlich des Abbaus einer pathogenen Methyltransferase wurden Einzeldomänenantikörper mit millimolarer Bindungsaffinität durch Phagen-Display selektiert. Der erfolgreiche Einsatz einer Peptidmembran in der Antikörperselektion wurde gezeigt und könnte zukünftig die Herstellung von Bindeproteinen gegen schwierige Ziele (Membranproteine oder hochmolekularer Proteine) verbessern.
description: The targeted degradation of proteins in cellular environments allows direct conclusions about their effect on complex signaling cascades or pathological mechanisms. Techniques based on DeGradFP (Degradation of fluorescent proteins) were used for targeted compartment-specific protein degradation in transgenic plants and to analyze the effects of degradation of pathogenic effector proteins. Degradation experiments of the target proteins EYFP-CENH3 and SAP11-GFP5 showed that chimeric E3 ligases are suitable for the degradation of nuclear-localized proteins and that SAP11-specific phenotypes can be mitigated. In prospect of the degradation of a pathogenic methyltransferase, single-domain antibodies with millimolar binding affinity were selected using phage display. The successful use of a peptide membrane for biopanning has been demonstrated. It could, in the future, improve the production of binding proteins against challenging targets (membrane or high molecular weight proteins).
Deformation by cocycles of pointed Hopf algebras over non-abelian groups
Creators: name: Garcia, Gaston Andres
name: Mastnak, Mitja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16T05

description: We introduce a method to construct explicitly multiplicative 2-cocycles for bosonizations of Nichols algebras B(V) over Hopf algebras H. These cocycles arise as liftings of H-invariant linear functionals on V tensor V and give a close formula to deform braided commutator-type relations. Using this construction, we show that all known finite dimensional pointed Hopf algebras over the dihedral groups D_m with m=4t > 11, over the symmetric group S_3 and some families over S_4 are cocycle deformations of bosonizations of Nichols algebras.
description: 20 pages. This version: extended version following the referee's suggestions. Intended for non-experts
The effects of real and simulated microgravity on human cancer cells
Creators: name: Kopp, Sascha
Publisher: name: Otto von Guericke University Library, Magdeburg, Germany
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Krebszelle
subject: Mikrogravitation
subject: cancer cells
subject: microgravitation
subject: 571.638

description: Since NASA announced their plans to take mankind deeper into space, the need to understand the basic reaction of human cells to the altered gravity environment has increased. Generally, it is hypothesized that human cells sense gravity changes via the cytoskeleton. However, live cell imaging was not possible until now. In addition, various cell types cultured under microgravity conditions grew in the form of multicellular spheroids (MCS). These MCS often closely resemble the in vivo tissue from which they originate. This thesis includes four publications highlighting cytoskeletal alterations in cancer cells under altered gravity conditions, as well as, the formation and the mechanisms of MCS growth in thyroid- and breast cancer cells. The first paper focused on the development of a compact fluorescence microscope (FLUMIAS) for fast live-cell imaging in real microgravity. For the first time, the F-actin cytoskeleton was visualized in living Lifeact-GFP expressing follicular thyroid cancer cells (FTC-133) in response to microgravity. The second paper investigated the early changes in gene expression of follicular thyroid cancer cells exposed to the RPM. The genes were regulated in a pro-angiogenic manner in MCS compared to controls. Driven by the hypothesis that cells form tissue-specific MCS under microgravity conditions, MCF-7 breast cancer cells were exposed to the RPM. After a five-day RPM-exposure, the majority of MCS presented a cell-free lumen resembling ducts formed in vivo by human epithelial breast cells. Pathway analyses revealed involvement in the organization and regulation of cell shape, cell tip formation and membrane-to-membrane docking (Paper 3). Paper number 4 demonstrated the importance of NF-κB for MCS formation in RPM-exposed MCF-7 cells. An interaction analysis of 47 investigated genes suggested that HMOX-1, ICAM1 and NF-κB variants are activated when multicellular spheroids are formed. In addition, the application of NF-κB inhibitors resulted in a decrease in MCS formation.
Hydrodynamics of galaxy mergers with supermassive black holes: is there a last parsec problem ?
Creators: name: Chapon, Damien
name: Mayer, Lucio
name: Teyssier, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) binary and the shrinking of the separation of the two holes to sub-pc scales starting from a realistic major merger between two gas-rich spiral galaxies with mass comparable to our Milky Way. The simulations, carried out with the Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) code RAMSES, are capable of resolving separations as small as 0.1 pc. The collision of the two galaxies produces a gravo-turbulent rotating nuclear disk with mass (10^9 Msun) and size (60 pc) in excellent agreement with previous SPH simulations with particle splitting that used a similar setup (Mayer et al. 2007) but were limited to separations of a few parsecs. The AMR results confirm that the two black holes sink rapidly as a result of dynamical friction onto the gaseous background, reaching a separation of 1 pc in less than 10^7 yr. We show that the dynamical friction wake is well resolved by our model and we find good agreement with analytical predictions of the drag force as a function of the Mach number. Below 1 pc, black hole pairing slows down significantly, as the relative velocity between the sinking SMBH becomes highly subsonic and the mass contained within their orbit falls below the mass of the binary itself, rendering dynamical friction ineffective. In this final stage, the black holes have not opened a gap as the gaseous background is highly pressurized in the center. Non-axisymmetric gas torques do not arise to restart sinking in absence of efficient dynamical friction, at variance with previous calculations using idealized equilibrium nuclear disk models. (abridged)
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 10 pages, 6 figures
title: Tannenberg, Battle of
title: Tannenberg, Battle of
Creators: name: Nagornaya, Oxana Sergeevna
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Tannenberg / Schlacht [1914]
subject: Tannenberg, Battle of, Stębark, Poland, 1914

description: The Battle of Tannenberg (26-30 August 1914), in which General Aleksandr Samsonov’s 2nd Russian (''Narevskaia'') Army was surrounded and completely annihilated, was one of the largest battles on the Eastern Front in World War I. The battle acquired a significance that was not so much strategic as symbolic, and became an integral part of both Russia’s and Germany’s commemorative and political culture of the interwar period.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
The massive wave equation in asymptotically AdS spacetimes
Creators: name: Warnick, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the massive wave equation on asymptotically AdS spaces. We show that the timelike scri behaves like a finite timelike boundary, on which one may impose the equivalent of Dirichlet, Neumann or Robin conditions for a range of (negative) mass parameter which includes the conformally coupled case. We demonstrate well posedness for the associated initial-boundary value problems at the $H^1$ level of regularity. We also prove that higher regularity may be obtained, together with an asymptotic expansion for the field near scri. The proofs rely on energy methods, tailored to the modified energy introduced by Breitenlohner and Freedman. We do not assume the spacetime is stationary, nor that the wave equation separates.
description: Minor changes, 26 pages
Motor- und Aggregate-Akustik : 11. Magdeburger Symposium : Tagungsband
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Otto von Guericke University Library, Magdeburg, Germany
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Messtechnik
subject: Geräuschentwicklung
subject: Psychoakustik
subject: SChallentstehung
subject: 629.04

description: Aufgrund der COVID-19-Pandemie mussten wir auch das auf März 2021 verschobene 11. SYMPOSIUM MOTOR- UND AGGREGATEAKUSTIK leider absagen. Dennoch haben wir es durch die Mithilfe der Autoren geschafft, ein Tagungsband mit aktuellen Beiträgen aus Industrie und Forschung zusammenzustellen. Durch die zunehmende Dynamik bei der Weiterentwicklung von Fahrzeugantrieben von konventionellen Verbrennungsmotoren hin zu Hybrid- und alleinigen Elektroantrieben, die Fortschritte beim Downsizing von Verbrennungsmotoren und dem Leichtbau, neue Prüfverfahren und Grenzwerte zur Reduzierung der Geräusch- und Abgasemissionen gewinnt die Akustik weiter an Bedeutung. Daneben spielt das Geräusch- und Schwingungsverhalten eine wesentliche Rolle bei der Kaufentscheidung eines Fahrzeuges. Dies stellt die Fahrzeugakustik immer wieder vor neue Herausforderungen und macht sie zu einem Entwicklungsschwerpunkt. Dieser Band enthält eine Auswahl der geplanten Beiträge des 11. Magdeburger Akustik-Symposiums und gibt einen Überblick über aktuelle Themen der Fahrzeug- und Antriebsakustik. Im Fokus steht dabei die Betrachtung zukünftiger NVH-Entwicklungen, die angewandte Psychoakustik, die Simulation komplexer akustischer Systeme und neue Messverfahren. Dieses Buch ist sowohl für Interessierte aus den Bereichen Forschung, Entwicklung, Konstruktion sowie Berechnung, Versuch und Produktion bei Automobilherstellern, Zulieferern und Ingenieurdienstleistern als auch für Studenten der Ingenieurwissenschaften gedacht.
title: War Aims and War Aims Discussions (Great Britain and Ireland)
title: War Aims and War Aims Discussions (Great Britain and Ireland)
Creators: name: Millman, Brock
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Großbritannien
subject: Kriegsziel
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Great Britain
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Causes
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Diplomatic history

description: When Britain entered the First World War its war aims were simple: to restore Belgian sovereignty (as it was obliged to do, by the Treaty of London, 1839), and to maintain the balance of power in Europe by defending France and chastening Germany. Britain’s permanent war aims did not change. The list of contingent, instrumental and subordinate war aims, however, grew very large and ultimately many of these were mistaken as non-negotiable. This process occurred due to the requirements of coalition diplomacy, a very pessimistic assessment of the war’s probable outcome in the later stages of the conflict, and the emergence, by 1917, of ideological challenges from the nascent Soviet Union and the United States.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Giving knowledge with no strings attached : Brazil's use of technical cooperation as a foreign policy tool and the case of ‘biofuels diplomacy’
Creators: name: Farias, Deborah Barros Leal
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Since the mid-2000s, Brazil became deeply committed to transferring biofuels-related knowledge to as many countries as possible. Through bilateral and multilateral technical cooperation agreements, over 80 countries in the world have demonstrated their interest in learning from Brazil’s unique experience with mass-scale use of biofuels – especially sugarcane-based ethanol. The initial puzzle of why was Brazil fostering potential competitors is made even more intriguing by a particular characteristic: Brazil was transferring knowledge without demanding anything in return. This dissertation takes the empirical case of why Brazil has chosen to provide biofuels-related knowledge through no-strings-attached technical cooperation as a springboard for other reflections, with two in particular. First, why do countries provide technical cooperation in the context of development assistance? Second, why would a country give something to another country without demanding anything in return? The argument developed is that a country committed to providing unconditional and untied technical cooperation is strategically prioritizing mid/long term diplomatic over short term commercial gains, counting on the expectation of reciprocity from its recipients. The analysis is based upon academic literatures involving power, foreign policy analysis, development assistance, South-South Cooperation, so-called ‘emerging’ donors, and Brazilian foreign policy. The Brazilian biofuels’ case is developed from academic literature, official documents, and almost 100 interviews done in Brazil with diplomats, civil servants, and academics; a significant portion of this data originated from material available only in Portuguese. Among key contributions, this study demonstrates how technical cooperation has been – and continues to be – used as a foreign policy tool. Countries can seek different gains from the provision of knowledge, and it is necessary to look at domestic forces pushing policymakers to choose which interest(s) they will prioritize. The empirical analysis sheds light on the power dynamics underneath the act of giving with no demands. The material also sheds light on similarities and differences among strategies pursued by Brazil, China, India and South Africa. Finally, the study makes significant contributions for the still sparse English-based literature on Brazilian foreign policy and its path to becoming a reference in biofuels.
title: Thomas, Albert
title: Thomas, Albert
Creators: name: Mollenhauer, Daniel
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Thomas, Albert
subject: Thomas, Albert, 1878-1932

description: Albert Thomas was a French socialist who served as minister of armaments in the French government during the war. In the postwar period, he became the first director of the International Labour Office.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Initial result on the use of tetrahedra-based imaging for limited angle tomography
Creators: name: Biguri, Ander
name: Towsyfyan, Hossein
name: Boardman, Richard
name: Blumensath, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: CT, tetrahedra, GPU

description: Using tetrahedra as image basis in tomography has potentially beneficial consequences for industrial CT, especially when the shape of the piece to be scanned is known a priori. This work explores how voxel-based and tetrahedra-based images compare in the limited angle CT case, using iterative algorithms with and without boundary masking. The study shows that the tetrahedra based image reconstruction can discriminate surface features with more detail than the voxel-based image.
Two algorithms for fitting constrained marginal models
Creators: name: Evans, Robin J.
name: Forcina, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study in detail the two main algorithms which have been considered for fitting constrained marginal models to discrete data, one based on Lagrange multipliers and the other on a regression model. We show that the updates produced by the two methods are identical, but that the Lagrangian method is more efficient in the case of identically distributed observations. We provide a generalization of the regression algorithm for modelling the effect of exogenous individual-level covariates, a context in which the use of the Lagrangian algorithm would be infeasible for even moderate sample sizes. An extension of the method to likelihood-based estimation under $L_1$-penalties is also considered.
description: 12 pages
title: Mare, André
title: Mare, André
Creators: name: Graffin, Laurence
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mare, André
subject: Mare, André, 1885-1932

description: André Mare was an artist close to the avant-garde movement and was called to service on 2 August 1914. He was involved in the first “camouflage” operations in official history, alongside hundreds of artists instructed to devise means to deceive the enemy. He detailed this remarkable endeavour in ten sketchbooks illustrated with figurative and cubist watercolours.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Insights into the mechanisms of mitochondria-regulated airway epithelial cell dysfunction upon cigarette smoke extract exposure and pneumococcal infection
Creators: name: Aghapour Ask, Mahyar
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atemwege
subject: Epithelzelle
subject: Mitochondrium
subject: Zigarettenrauch
subject: Streptococcus pneumoniae
subject: 616.24

description: Cigarette smoking is considered as one of the major risk factors for development of airway diseases, inducing airway epithelial dysfunction, sustained inflammation as well as a decline in lung function. Bacterial and viral infections may aggravate smoke-induced airway diseases by inducing further airway inflammation. Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) is one of the most commonly isolated bacteria from the airways during airway diseases that may escalate condition by eliciting further oxidative stress and inflammation. Mitochondria as the central regulator of ROS production were also recently identified to be involved in innate immune responses to the pathogens. Mitochondrial function is impaired in airway epithelial cells of smokers. However, the mechanistic pathways linking mitochondrial dysfunction to airway epithelial innate immune responses and airway epithelial barrier function is still lacking. We found that mitochondrial dysfunction induced by cigarette smoke extract may link to dampen innate immune responses and disrupted epithelial barriers upon Sp infection in the airway epithelium. Mitochondrial dysfunction was reversible by using mitochondrial targeted compounds, which may provide a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome bacterial-induced airway epithelial cell dysfunction.
Electroweak two-loop corrections to sin^2θ(eff,bb) and R(b) using numerical Mellin-Barnes integrals
Creators: name: Freitas, A.
name: Huang, Yi-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-loop integrals can be evaluated numerically using Mellin-Barnes representations. Here this technique is applied to the calculation of electroweak two-loop correction with closed fermion loops for two observables: the effective weak mixing angle for bottom quarks, sin^2θ(eff,bb), and the branching ratio of the Z boson into bottom quarks, R(b). Good agreement with a previous result for sin^2θ(eff,bb) is found. The result for R(b) is new, and a simple parametrization formula is provided which approximates the full result within integration errors.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures. V2: typos in eqs. (9)-(14) fixed; error in the treatment of the running bottom-quark mass corrected, resulting in small shifts of the results in Tabs. 3,4, Fig. 2, and eqs. (21),(23); conclusions unchanged. V3: bug in calculation of R(b) corrected, resulting in a sizable reduction of the size of the two-loop correction
Schwingungsanalysen unter ganzheitlicher Berücksichtigung elektromagnetischer Lasten
Creators: name: Wegner, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Schwingungslehre
subject: Dynamik
subject: Technische Mechanik
subject: Mehrkörpersimulationen
subject: 620.37

description: Der Klimawandel zwingt weite Bereiche der Industrie und Forschung, vorhandene Konzepte zu überarbeiten und Technologien einzusetzen, die weniger Treibhausgase, wie Kohlenstoffioxid, während des Lebenszyklus ausstoßen. Aus diesen Veränderungen resultiert Forschungsbedarf, um die neuen Herausforderungen bestmöglich zu lösen und so Wettbewerbsvorteile gegenüber Mitbewerbern zu generieren. Aus den genannten Gründen gewinnen Elektrofahrzeuge zunehmend an Bedeutung und verdrängen die derzeitig dominierenden Fahrzeuge mit Verbrennungsmotor zunehmend. Durch die Verwendung elektrischer Motoren ist ein neuer Anregungsmechanismus im Antriebsstrang des Fahrzeugs vorhanden, der sich unter anderem durch seine Akustik deutlich vom bisher verwendeten Verbrennungsmotor unterscheidet. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Wechselwirkung elektromagnetischer Felder und den daraus resultierenden Lasten mit den Schwingungen des mechanischen Systems, wie dem Motorgehäuse oder dem Antriebsstrang, am Beispiel eines elektrischen Bootsmotors. Diese Wechselwirkungen werden beispielsweise durch translatorische Relativbewegungen zwischen Rotor und Stator hervorgerufen, welche die elektromagnetischen Felder und damit auch Lasten verändern und so das Schwingungsverhalten und die Relativbewegung selbst beeinflussen. Dazu wird ein ganzheitlicher Simulationsansatz umgesetzt, indem ein Programm für Mehrkörpersimulationen, um elektrodynamische Lasten erweitert wird. Die Verwendung von Mehrkörperanalysen erlaubt eine Schwingungsanalyse bei allgemeiner räumlicher Bewegung. Die Erweiterung verwendet die Finite Elemente Methode, um die elektromagnetischen Felder in Abhängigkeit der aktuellen Zustandsgrößen zu ermitteln und daraus die Lasten abzuleiten. Auf diese Weise werden die Interaktionen des mechanischen und elektrischen Systems berücksichtigt. Die Kenntnis dieser Größen ermöglicht die Durchführung nachgelagerter Untersuchungen. Beispielhaft wird die Akustik des untersuchten Motors unter Berücksichtigung der ermittelten elektromagnetischen Lasten bei verschiedenen Außengeometrien bestimmt und daraus resultierend ein verbesserter Prototyp entwickelt. Durch die ganzheitliche Betrachtung von elektrischem und mechanischem System wird eine bessere Prediktionsgüte umgesetzt, wodurch sich der experimentelle Aufwand verringert und weniger Prototypen, welche mit erheblichen Kosten verbunden sind, notwendig sind.
Therapeutic use of a mutant Caveolin-1 peptide to reduce atherosclerosis induced by hypercholesterolemia and diabetes
Creators: name: Sharma, Arpeeta
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Endothelial dysfunction is a well-established response to cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypercholesterolemia and diabetes, and is the critical first step of atherogenesis. Nitric oxide (NO), the key regulator of endothelial function, is greatly diminished in atherosclerotic disease settings resulting in augmented oxidative stress and endothelial activation, a process that involves upregulation of endothelial adhesion molecules and increased leukocyte-endothelial interactions, all of which are major steps in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Pharmacological inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), the main vascular source of protective NO, induces endothelial dysfunction and promotes atherosclerosis. While there is little doubt that endothelial dysfunction is directly linked to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease in patients, whether the endogenous pool of eNOS and associated NO release can be considered a direct, therapeutically relevant primary target for atheroprotection is unknown. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), the major coat protein of plasma membrane caveolae, binds to and inhibits endogenous eNOS. Previously, we have reported that a Cav-1-derived cell permeable peptide with an inactivated eNOS inhibitory domain, known as CavNOxin is able to increase basal NO release without interfering with the biological activities of Cav-1. Herein the current thesis, I hypothesize that ‘antagonizing’ the eNOS/Cav-1 interaction to specifically relieve eNOS from the inhibitory clamp of Cav-1, through the intracellular delivery of CavNOxin, is a potentially novel and unexplored anti-atherosclerotic therapeutic strategy. I show that CavNOxin is able to significantly attenuate hypercholesterolemia- and diabetes-induced atherosclerosis. In contrast, mice lacking eNOS showed resistance to CavNOxin treatment, indicating eNOS specificity. Mechanistically, I show that CavNOxin reduces oxidative stress, expression of pro-atherogenic mediators (in particular VCAM-1) and leukocyte-endothelial interactions. These data are the first to document the use of an eNOS-specific activator to directly reduce oxidative stress and increase atheroprotective endothelial function specifically through endogenous eNOS. In addition, this study provides target validation for the eNOS/Cav-1 interaction, which is highly endothelium-specific, as a strategy for the development of anti-atherosclerotic compounds.
title: Loucheur, Louis
title: Loucheur, Louis
Creators: name: Mollenhauer, Daniel
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Loucheur, Louis
subject: Loucheur, Louis, 1872-1931

description: Louis Loucheur was a French industrialist and politician. From December 1916 until the end of the war, he served as undersecretary of state for artillery and munitions and later as armaments minister. After the war, he continued a brilliant political career until his early death in 1931.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Robust computation of linear models by convex relaxation
Creators: name: Lerman, Gilad
name: McCoy, Michael
name: Tropp, Joel A.
name: Zhang, Teng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62H25, 65K05, 90C22

description: Consider a dataset of vector-valued observations that consists of noisy inliers, which are explained well by a low-dimensional subspace, along with some number of outliers. This work describes a convex optimization problem, called REAPER, that can reliably fit a low-dimensional model to this type of data. This approach parameterizes linear subspaces using orthogonal projectors, and it uses a relaxation of the set of orthogonal projectors to reach the convex formulation. The paper provides an efficient algorithm for solving the REAPER problem, and it documents numerical experiments which confirm that REAPER can dependably find linear structure in synthetic and natural data. In addition, when the inliers lie near a low-dimensional subspace, there is a rigorous theory that describes when REAPER can approximate this subspace.
description: Formerly titled "Robust computation of linear models, or How to find a needle in a haystack"
The targum (1871:Nov.)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1871

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.