cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A high bandwidth quantum repeater
Creators: name: Munro, W. J.
name: Van Meter, R.
name: Louis, Sebastien G. R.
name: Nemoto, Kae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a physical- and link-level design for the creation of entangled pairs to be used in quantum repeater applications where one can control the noise level of the initially distributed pairs. The system can tune dynamically, trading initial fidelity for success probability, from high fidelity pairs (F=0.98 or above) to moderate fidelity pairs. The same physical resources that create the long-distance entanglement are used to implement the local gates required for entanglement purification and swapping, creating a homogeneous repeater architecture. Optimizing the noise properties of the initially distributed pairs significantly improves the rate of generating long-distance Bell pairs. Finally, we discuss the performance trade-off between spatial and temporal resources.
description: 5 pages
On Smarandache Bryant Schneider group of a Smarandache loop
Creators: name: Jaiyeola, Temitope Gbolahan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20NO5 ; 08A05

description: The concept of Smarandache Bryant Schneider Group of a Smarandache loop is introduced. Relationship(s) between the Bryant Schneider Group and the Smarandache Bryant Schneider Group of an S-loop are discovered and the later is found to be useful in finding Smarandache isotopy-isomorphy condition(s) in S-loops just like the formal is useful in finding isotopy-isomorphy condition(s) in loops. Some properties of the Bryant Schneider Group of a loop are shown to be true for the Smarandache Bryant Schneider Group of a Smarandache loop. Some interesting and useful cardinality formulas are also established for a type of finite Smarandache loop.
description: 14 pages
Assessment of the impact of the rise in Lake Victoria water levels on urban flooding using a GIS-based spatial flood modelling approach
Creators: name: Mugume, Seith N.
name: Abasabyoona, Greson
name: Engwau, Jorem
name: Sempewo, Jotham
name: Van de Sande, Bas
name: Butler, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: During the period 2018–2021, Lake Victoria experienced a rapid rise in water levels that caused significant urban flooding consequences. However, there are no studies that have extensively investigated the effect of the rising lake water levels on urban flooding. This research responds to this by developing and applying a GIS-based spatial flood modelling approach to simulate the resulting flooding impacts in Entebbe City, Uganda, corresponding to the May 2021 observed maximum lake water level of 13.49 m. Using the validated GIS-based flood model, the simulated flooded area and average flood depth were determined as 9.1 km2 and 1.52 m, respectively. Furthermore, through application of GIS overlay analysis, the total number of affected buildings and length of urban roads were quantified. The proposed methodology provides a robust and computationally efficient approach for identification of at-risk buildings along the lake shoreline and for testing the effectiveness of potential adaptation strategies.
Relativistic Flows in TeV Blazars
Creators: name: Levinson, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rapid variability of the TeV emission in several blazars implies a central black hole mass $M_{BH}<10^8M_\odot$, appreciably smaller than the values estimated from the $M_{BH}-L_{bulg}$ relation, and Doppler factors for the $γ$-ray emitting fluid much larger than those associated with radio patterns. We discuss the conditions in the central engine required to account for the short timescales and large luminosities observed, and propose some explanations for the inferred kinematics of the source on various scales.
description: 8 pages, prc. "Blazar variability across the electromagnetic spectrum", Palaiseau, France, minor changes
Danaini Boisduval 1833
Creators: name: Pohl, Greg
name: Anweiler, Gary
name: Schmidt, Christian
name: Kondla, Norbert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nymphalidae

description: Danaini 1157 * M H Danaus plexippus (Linnaeus, 1758) ssp. plexippus Jul – – G (Linnaeus, 1758) Monarch L: Bird et al. (1995), Layberry et al. (1998), Guppy and Shepard (2001) C: CNC, NFRC, OLDS, PMAE, UASM
description: Published as part of Pohl, Greg, Anweiler, Gary, Schmidt, Christian & Kondla, Norbert, 2010, An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada, pp. 1-549 in ZooKeys 38 (38) on page 180, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.38.383, http://zenodo.org/record/576629
description: {"references": ["Bird CD, Hilchie GJ, Kondla NG, Pike EM, Sperling FAH (1995) Alberta butterflies. The Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, 349 pp.", "Layberry RA, Hall PW, Lafontaine JD (1998) The butterflies of Canada. NRC Research Press, Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information, in association with University of Toronto Press, Toronto, ON, 280 pp.", "Guppy CS, Shepard JH (2001) Butterflies of British Columbia. University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver, BC, 414 pp."]}
Absence of superconductivity in the half-filled band Hubbard model on the anisotropic triangular lattice
Creators: name: Clay, R. T.
name: Li, H.
name: Mazumdar, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report exact calculations of magnetic and superconducting pair-pair correlations for the half-filled band Hubbard model on an anisotropic triangular lattice. Our results for the magnetic phases are similar to those obtained with other techniques. The superconducting pair-pair correlations at distances beyond nearest neighbor decrease monotonically with increasing Hubbard interaction U for all anisotropy, indicating the absence of frustration-driven superconductivity within the model.
description: 4 pages, 4 EPS figures
SuDSbury: A serious game to support the adoption of sustainable drainage solutions
Creators: name: Nguyen, Jessica
name: Mittal, Aashna
name: Kapelan, Zoran
name: Scholten, Lisa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: There is an urgent need for urban environments to be flood resilient due to increasing urbanization and climate change. This can be addressed by adopting sustainable drainage solutions (SuDS) in households. However, lack of knowledge and awareness among urban residents is a barrier. In this paper, we present an educational serious game called SuDSbury to overcome this barrier and a pre-/post-game survey-based evaluation to study whether the game can educate citizens (and to what degree). An exploratory study with 14 players across three game sessions suggests that playing SuDSbury induced changes in knowledge, comprehension, and personal norms regarding SuDS. However, comprehension of concepts related to urban drainage can be improved by increasing game realism. The game should be further tested with a larger sample and a diverse demographic of urban residents. The participants further found that SuDSbury is fun and engaging to play, making it suitable for broader public interventions.
A characterization of Dirac morphisms
Creators: name: Loubeau, E.
name: Slobodeanu, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Relating the Dirac operators on the total space and on the base manifold of a horizontally conformal submersion, we characterize Dirac morphisms, i.e. maps which pull back (local) harmonic spinor fields onto (local) harmonic spinor fields.
description: 18 pages; restricted to the even-dimensional case
Limenitidini
Creators: name: Pohl, Greg
name: Anweiler, Gary
name: Schmidt, Christian
name: Kondla, Norbert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nymphalidae

description: Limenitidini 1158 * R Limenitis arthemis (Drury, 1773) ssp. rubrofasciata Jul M B G (Barnes and McDunnough, 1916) White Admiral L: McGugan (1958), Bird et al. (1995), Layberry et al. (1998), Guppy and Shepard (2001) C: NFRC, OLDS, PMAE, UASM 1159 * R Limenitis weidemeyerii Edwards, 1861 ssp. oberfoelli L Jun – M Jul – – G Brown, 1960 Weidemeyer’s Admiral L: Bird et al. (1995), Layberry et al. (1998), Guppy and Shepard (2001) C: NGKC, E. M. Pike collection 1160 * R Limenitis lorquini Boisduval, 1852 ssp. itelkae Jul M – – Guppy 2001 Lorquin’s Admiral L: Bird et al. (1995), Layberry et al. (1998), Guppy and Shepard (2001) C: OLDS, PMAE, UASM 1161 * R Limenitis archippus (Cramer, 1775) Jul – B G Viceroy L: McGugan (1958), Bird et al. (1995), Layberry et al. (1998), Guppy and Shepard (2001) C: NFRC, OLDS, PMAE, UASM
description: Published as part of Pohl, Greg, Anweiler, Gary, Schmidt, Christian & Kondla, Norbert, 2010, An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada, pp. 1-549 in ZooKeys 38 (38) on pages 180-181, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.38.383, http://zenodo.org/record/576629
description: {"references": ["McGugan BM (1958) Forest Lepidoptera of Canada reported by the Forest Insect Survey, Vol. 1: Papilionidae to Arctiidae. Canada Department of Agriculture, Forest Biology Division, Publication No. 1034, 76 pp.", "Bird CD, Hilchie GJ, Kondla NG, Pike EM, Sperling FAH (1995) Alberta butterflies. The Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, 349 pp.", "Layberry RA, Hall PW, Lafontaine JD (1998) The butterflies of Canada. NRC Research Press, Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information, in association with University of Toronto Press, Toronto, ON, 280 pp.", "Guppy CS, Shepard JH (2001) Butterflies of British Columbia. University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver, BC, 414 pp."]}
Radius and surface tension of microscopic bubbles by second gradient theory
Creators: name: Dell'Isola, Francesco
name: Gouin, Henri
name: Seppecher, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical theory of Laplace is not suitable for describing the behavior of microscopic bubbles. The theory of second gradient fluids (which are able to exert shear stresses in equilibrium conditions) allows us to obtain a new expression for surface tension and radius of these bubbles in terms of functionals of the chemical potential. This relationship allows us to generalize the results of Cahn-Hilliard and Tolman.
description: 9 pages
On a local characterization of pseudoconvex domains
Creators: name: Nikolov, Nikolai
name: Pflug, Peter
name: Thomas, Pascal J.
name: Zwonek, Wlodzimierz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32F17

description: Pseudoconvexity of a domain in $\Bbb C^n$ is described in terms of the existence of a locally defined plurisubharmonic/holomorphic function near any boundary point that is unbounded at the point.
z~7-10 Galaxies behind Lensing Clusters: Contrast with Field Search Results
Creators: name: Bouwens, Rychard J.
name: Illingworth, Garth D.
name: Bradley, Larry D.
name: Ford, Holland
name: Franx, Marijn
name: Zheng, Wei
name: Broadhurst, Tom
name: Coe, Dan
name: Jee, M. James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct a search for z>~7 dropout galaxies behind 11 massive lensing clusters using 21 arcmin**2 of deep HST NICMOS, ACS, and WFPC2 image data. In total, over this entire area, we find only one robust z~7 z-dropout candidate (previously reported around Abell 1689). Four less robust z-dropout and J-dropout candidates are also found. The nature of the four weaker candidates could not be precisely determined due to the limited depth of the available optical data, but detailed simulations suggest that all four could be low-redshift interlopers. We compare these numbers with what we might expect using the z~7 UV luminosity function (LF) determined from field searches. We predict 2.7 z~7 z-dropouts and 0.3 z~9 J-dropouts over our cluster search area, in reasonable agreement with our observational results, given the small numbers. The number of z>~7 candidates we find in the present search are much lower than has been reported in several previous studies of the prevalence of z>~7 galaxies behind lensing clusters. To understand these differences, we examined z>~7 candidates in other studies and conclude that only a small fraction are likely to be z>~7 galaxies. Our findings support models that show that gravitational lensing from clusters is of the most value for detecting galaxies at magnitudes brighter than L* (H
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables, in press
Silver-enhanced lateral flow immunoassay for detection of microcystin-LR in drinking water
Creators: name: Zvereva, Elena A.
name: Hendrickson, Olga D.
name: Zherdev, Anatoly V.
name: Dzantiev, Boris B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology

description: An immunochromatographic test system based on the indirect competitive format has been developed for the rapid control of cyanotoxin microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in drinking water. To increase the assay sensitivity, a hydroquinone-based reduction of silver ions on the surface of gold nanoparticles as part of the immune complexes formed on the immunochromatographic membrane has been carried out. This stage allows for the enhancement of the colouration in test strip zones. The developed test system is characterised by an instrumental limit of detection of 0.05 ng/mL, a cut-off of 0.5 ng/mL, and a working range of the detectable concentrations of 0.08–0.42 ng/mL. The assay duration was 17 min. The applicability of the test system for MC-LR detection in drinking water is demonstrated. The assay recoveries vary from 90% to 120%.
Heavy metal concentration in water, soil and cultivated vegetables at the edge of Kashaf Roud River, Mashhad, Iran: ecological risk assessment and bioaccumulation factor
Creators: name: Ranjbar, Ghasem
name: Kariminejad, Fatemeh
name: Jamali, Jamshid
name: Shams, Mahmoud
name: Najafpoor, Ali Asghar
name: Dehghan, Aliakbar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology

description: The entrance of heavy metals through human activities causes pollution of water, soil, and plants. The aim of this study was to measure the heavy metals concentration (Hg, Pb, As, and Cd) and their ecological impacts on water, soil, and vegetables in the Kashaf Roud River basin. Hence, 72 samples of irrigation water, 72 samples of soils, and 216 samples of vegetables (dill, leek, and basil) were collected. The contamination levels were evaluated by several ecological indices including Ecological Risks index (ERI), Heavy Metal Evaluation Index (HEI), Contamination factor (Cf), Pollution Index (PI), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), Potential ecological risk index (RI), Pollution load index (PLI), and modified degree of contamination (MDC). Based on obtained results, concentrations of heavy metals in water and soil samples were in the order of Pb>As>Cd>Hg. In addition, Pb and As had the highest concentration in vegetables with the mean total concentrations of 1.60 and 0.08 mgkg−1 wet weight, respectively. According to ERI value (238), water sampling site no. 3 had higher pollution than other places and was classified in the considerable ecological risk. Among the soil samples, the Cf average values followed the declining order of Cd (7.78)>Pb (6.91)>Hg (4.26)>As (2.68), so that Pb and Cd presented high contamination levels. Moreover, all soil samples of the studied region possessed PLI>1, which confirms their contamination with heavy metals. Finally, the trends in the BAF values for heavy metals in various vegetables were in order of Hg>Cd≈Pb>As for Leek and Hg>As> Pb>Cd for Dill and Basil. Concentrations of heavy metals in soil and water samples were within the national and international standard ranges. However, the concentrations of these metals in some vegetable samples exceeded the national and international levels. The utilisation of standard quality effluent for agricultural irrigation requires control measures and good organisational performance.
Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous samples using recycled polystyrene for pipette tip-solid phase extraction followed by HPLC-FLD
Creators: name: Lopez-Tellez, Jorge
name: Rodriguez, Jose A.
name: Miranda, Jose M.
name: Mondragon, Alicia C.
name: Ibarra, Israel S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Expanded polystyrene is widely produced and used due to its properties and, recently, its ability to present π–π interactions has been described. Therefore, this work proposed to use recycled polystyrene for solid phase extraction of 12 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aqueous samples. Recycled polystyrene films were formed and characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and affinity experiments. A moderate interaction was found, which allowed its integration in pipette tip-solid phase extraction followed by HPLC-FLD analysis. The method presents limits of detection in the range of 0.05–0.14 ng mL−1 for 12 PAHs analytes, with a precision (expressed as relative standard deviation) <10%. The methodology was applied to tap water samples, and the results were compared to those obtained using the official methodology, with no statistically significant differences. The proposed method is efficient, fast and has a low consumption of organic solvent.
Field theory of bi- and tetracritical points: Statics
Creators: name: Folk, R.
name: Holovatch, Yu.
name: Moser, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the static critical behavior of systems of $O(n_\|)\oplus O(n_\perp)$ symmetry by renormalization group method within the minimal subtraction scheme in two loop order. Summation methods lead to fixed points describing multicritical behavior. Their stability boarder lines in the space of order parameter components $n_\|$ and $n_\perp$ and spatial dimension $d$ are calculated. The essential features obtained already in two loop order for the interesting case of an antiferromagnet in a magnetic field ($n_\|=1$, $n_\perp=2$) are the stability of the biconical fixed point and the neighborhood of the stability border lines to the other fixed points leading to very small transient exponents. We are also able to calculate the flow of static couplings, which allows to consider the attraction region. Depending on the nonuniversal background parameters the existence of different multicritical behavior (bicritical or tetracritical) is possible including a triple point.
description: 6 figures
Monitoring of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins/Furans (PCDDs/Fs) in smoke released from chimneys of charcoal grilled meat-restaurants in Amman-Jordan
Creators: name: Arar, Sharif H.
name: Ikbarieh, Sarya G.
name: Alawi, Mahmoud A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins/Furans (PCDDs/Fs) were investigated for their relocation properties and adverse effects for chimneys air-flue emissions of charcoal-grilled meat restaurants in Jordan. Restaurants were given the codes (S, Z, G, B, and J). Levels of PCDDs/Fs depend on the quantity of used charcoal, amount of grilled meat, and sampling season. The PCDD/Fs compounds were extracted from the filter using the QuEChERS and detected in extracts using GC/MS. The results showed that PCDD/Fs concentrations in international toxic equivalents (I-TEQs) in (ng I- TEQ/m3) were found in the following order: S restaurant (87.03) > B (7.24) > G (4.90) > J (3.36) > Z (0.54) where some samples contained 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD in considerable amounts. The emitted concentrations of PCDD/Fs through chimneys were found to depend on many factors that were measured such as type and quantity of grilling fuels, amount quantities of grilled food after marinating and sampling season. This study is featured as the first of its kind in the Middle East and North Africa that reveals the dangers of using charcoal for grilling because it causes contamination of food and air. It also calls for advising people to minimise the consumption of grilled food since it will contain a portion of carcinogenic (group 1) 2,3,7,8-TCDD. Charcoal-grilled restaurants are worldwide and part of international cuisine.
Deuterium Abundance in the Most Metal-Poor Damped Lyman alpha System: Converging on Omega_baryons
Creators: name: Pettini, Max
name: Zych, Berkeley J.
name: Murphy, Michael T.
name: Lewis, Antony
name: Steidel, Charles C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most metal-poor DLA known to date, at z = 2.61843 in the spectrum of the QSO Q0913+072, with an oxygen abundance only about 1/250 of the solar value, shows six well resolved D I Lyman series transitions in high quality echelle spectra recently obtained with the ESO VLT. We deduce a value of the deuterium abundance log (D/H) = -4.56+/-0.04 which is in good agreement with four out of the six most reliable previous determinations of this ratio in QSO absorbers. We find plausible reasons why in the other two cases the 1 sigma errors may have been underestimated by about a factor of two. The addition of this latest data point does not change significantly the mean value of the primordial abundance of deuterium, suggesting that we are now converging to a reliable measure of this quantity. We conclude that = -4.55+/-0.03 and Omega_b h^2 (BBN) = 0.0213+/-0.0010 (68% confidence limits). Including the latter as a prior in the analysis of the five year data of WMAP leads to a revised best-fitting value of the power-law index of primordial fluctuations n_s = 0.956+/-0.013 (1 sigma) and n_s < 0.990 with 99% confidence. Considering together the constraints provided by WMAP 5, (D/H)_p, baryon oscillations in the galaxy distribution, and distances to Type Ia supernovae, we arrive at the current best estimates Omega_b h^2 = 0.0224+/-0.0005 and n_s = 0.959+/-0.013.
description: 13 pages, 8 Figures. Revised version following referee's comments. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. A few typos corrected
Rayleigh scattering by H2 in the extrasolar planet HD209458b
Creators: name: Etangs, A. Lecavelier des
name: Vidal-Madjar, A.
name: Desert, J. -M.
name: Sing, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transiting planets, such as HD209458b, offer a unique opportunity to scrutinize the planetary atmospheric content. Although molecular hydrogen is expected to be the main atmospheric constituent, H2 remains uncovered because of the lack of strong transition from near-ultraviolet to near-infrared. Here we analyse the absorption spectrum of HD209458b obtained by Sing et al. (2008a) which provides a measurement of the absorption depth in the 3000-6200 AA wavelength range. We show that the rise in absorption depth at short wavelengths can be interpreted as Rayleigh scattering within the atmosphere of HD209458b. Since Rayleigh scattering traces the entire atmosphere, this detection enables a direct determination of the pressure-altitude relationship, which is required to determine the absolute fraction of other elements such as sodium. At the zero altitude defined by the absorption depth of 1.453%, which corresponds to a planetary radius of 0.1205 times the stellar radius, we find a pressure of 33+/-5 mbar. Using the variation of the Rayleigh scattering cross-section as a function of wavelength, we determine the temperature to be 2200+/-260 K at 33 mbar pressure.
description: To be published in A&A
The Density Contrast of the Shapley Supercluster
Creators: name: Muñoz, Joseph A.
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the density contrast of the Shapley Supercluster (SSC) based on the enhanced abundance of X-ray clusters in it using the extended Press-Schechter formalism. We derive a total SSC mass of M_tot=(4.4+-0.44)x10^{16} M_sun within a sphere of 50 Mpc centered at a distance of about 160 Mpc. The nonlinear fractional density contrast of the sphere is (1+delta)=1.76+-0.17 relative to the mean matter density in the Universe, but the contrast increases in the interior of the SSC. Including the cosmological constant, the SSC region is found to be gravitationally unbound. The SSC contributes only a minor portion (9.0%+-2.1%) of the peculiar velocity of the local group.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; submitted to MNRAS
Application of ecofriendly magnetic nanocomposite synthesized from natural materials for separation and determination of diazinon pesticide in real water samples
Creators: name: Hassanpoor, Shahed
name: Rajabi, Mehdi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: In this study, a cheap, novel, ecofriendly and effective nanosorbent was synthesised with natural materials such as sand beach and eggshell for diazinon determination in natural water. The synthesised nanosorbent was successfully characterised using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), field emission scanning- electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) methods. Effective parameters were optimised for the extraction of diazinon and determination was done by UV-Vis spectroscopy at 248 nm. The method was linear in the range of 50–400 µg L−1 and the limit of detection was 6.9 µg L−1. Adsorption kinetic and isotherm studies were performed. Also, for measurement of diazinon in water samples of Gilan province, sampling was performed from important points such as river water, Anzali lagoon, well water, agricultural streams, and tap water. The results shows good spiked recovery (97.6–103.4%) in all samples. The accuracy of the method was also confirmed by the student’s t -test with HPLC analysis of real samples.
Sub-Alfvenic Non-Ideal MHD Turbulence Simulations with Ambipolar Diffusion: I. Turbulence Statistics
Creators: name: Li, Pak Shing
name: McKee, Christopher F.
name: Klein, Richard I.
name: Fisher, Robert T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most numerical investigations on the role of magnetic fields in turbulent molecular clouds (MCs) are based on ideal magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD). However, MCs are weakly ionized, so that the time scale required for the magnetic field to diffuse through the neutral component of the plasma by ambipolar diffusion (AD) can be comparable to the dynamical time scale. We have performed a series of 256^3 and 512^3 simulations on supersonic but sub-Alfvenic turbulent systems with AD using the Heavy-Ion Approximation developed in Li, McKee, & Klein (2006). Our calculations are based on the assumption that the number of ions is conserved, but we show that these results approximately apply to the case of time-dependent ionization in molecular clouds as well. Convergence studies allow us to determine the optimal value of the ionization mass fraction when using the heavy-ion approximation for low Mach number, sub-Alfvenic turbulent systems. We find that ambipolar diffusion steepens the velocity and magnetic power spectra compared to the ideal MHD case. Changes in the density PDF, total magnetic energy, and ionization fraction are determined as a function of the AD Reynolds number. The power spectra for the neutral gas properties of a strongly magnetized medium with a low AD Reynolds number are similar to those for a weakly magnetized medium; in particular, the power spectrum of the neutral velocity is close to that for Burgers turbulence.
description: 37 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables
Occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in meat and meat products: systematic review, meta-analysis and probabilistic human health risk
Creators: name: Kalteh, Safa
name: Ahmadi, Ehsan
name: Ghaffari, Hamidreza
name: Yousefzadeh, Samira
name: Abtahi, Mehrnoosh
name: Dobaradaran, Sina
name: Saeedi, Reza
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of toxic chemicals formed during incomplete combustion of organic materials. In this study, the 16 PAHs were investigated in meat and meat products. Literature search was performed in Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science databases from 2000 to 2021. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used. Fifteen (15) studies containing 155 observations were selected based on the criteria. The sum of 16 PAHs ranged from 0.4 to 2290.32 µg/kg (wet weight). Low-weight PAH were dominant species. The pooled weight of the studies indicated that the effect size of PAH concentration was 4.02 µg/kg (95% CI = 0.495 to 7.545, p = 0.03) with the I2, Q statistics and Tau2 corresponding to 47.61, 638.36 values and 100%, respectively. The upper confidence limit (UCL) for excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) estimates ranged from 2.76 × 10−5 to 1.15 and in 97% of estimates, the ELCR value showed high potential risk. The UCL for the hazard index (HI) estimates ranged from 2.53 × 10−3 to 33.9 from which 39.35% of the estimates displayed high non-carcinogenic health risks. Environmental contamination in raw samples and cooking procedures in processed samples were responsible for further PAH formation.
Inference Graphs for CNN Interpretation
Creators: name: Konforti, Yael
name: Shpigler, Alon
name: Bar-Hillel, Boaz Lernerand Aharon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved superior accuracy in many visual related tasks. However, the inference process through intermediate layers is opaque, making it difficult to interpret such networks or develop trust in their operation. We propose to model the network hidden layers activity using probabilistic models. The activity patterns in layers of interest are modeled as Gaussian mixture models, and transition probabilities between clusters in consecutive modeled layers are estimated. Based on maximum-likelihood considerations, nodes and paths relevant for network prediction are chosen, connected, and visualized as an inference graph. We show that such graphs are useful for understanding the general inference process of a class, as well as explaining decisions the network makes regarding specific images.
Graphene oxide supported Fe3O4-MnO2 nanocomposites for adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of dyestuff: ultrasound effect, surfactants role and real sample analysis
Creators: name: Singh, Ankit Kumar
name: Gautam, Ravindra Kumar
name: Agrahari, Shreanshi
name: Prajapati, Jyoti
name: Tiwari, Ida
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Virology

description: Present work demonstrates the synthesis, characterisation and application of a novel hybrid nanocomposite GO@Fe3O4-MnO2 for adsorption and catalytic degradation of dyestuff malachite green and tartrazine from wastewater. The nanocomposite GO@Fe3O4-MnO2 was characterised by FT-IR, XRD, SEM-EDS and pHzpc. Effects of various optimising parameters such as contact time, solution pH, surfactants, light, adsorbent dose, ultrasonication and coexisting ions were investigated. The removal efficiencies of malachite green and tartrazine were observed as high as 99.9% and 98% under direct sunlight, respectively. The adsorption kinetics follows the pseudo-second order model (R2 = 0.99) where k2 for malachite green and tartrazine were 0.0097 and 0.0011 g mg−1 min−1, respectively, that means adsorption was controlled by chemisorption. Equilibrium adsorption isotherm of these dyes was analysed in the context of Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Langmuir isotherm was found to be 8.0 and 5.1 mg g−1 for malachite green and tartrazine, respectively. The percentage removal was initially low, but when the ultrasound was irradiated, the removal percentage (96% for malachite green and 98% for tartrazine) was drastically increased because of the formation of highly active •H and •OH radicals in the water through the decomposition of water molecules by the formation of hot spots. On treatment with H2O2, advance oxidation processes were observed with high remediation percentage (99.5% for malachite green and 98% for tartrazine) of dye. The synthesised GO@Fe3O4-MnO2 was finally used for the treatment of dyes from real water samples. The used nanocomposite was separated using an external magnet and recycled with 0.1 N HCl or 0.1 N NaOH as desired.
Super-Keplerian Frequencies in Accretion Disks. Implications for Mass and Spin Measurements of Compact Objects from X-ray Variability Studies
Creators: name: Mao, S. A.
name: Psaltis, D.
name: Milsom, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of fast quasi-periodic variability from accreting black holes and neutron stars has been used to constrain their masses, radii, and spins. If the observed oscillations are linear modes in the accretion disks, then bounds can be placed on the properties of the central objects by assuming that these modes are locally sub-Keplerian. If, on the other hand, the observed oscillations correspond to non-linear resonances between disk modes, then the properties of the central objects can be measured by assuming that the resonant modes are excited at the same radial annulus in the disk. In this paper, we use numerical simulations of vertically integrated, axisymmetric hydrodynamic accretion disks to provide examples of situations in which the assumptions implicit in both methods are not satisfied. We then discuss our results for the robustness of the mass and spin measurements of compact objects from variability studies.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, submitted to ApJ
The recovery of subsurface reflectivity and impedance structure from reflection seismograms
Creators: name: Scheuer, Tim Ellis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis is concerned with the problem of estimating broadband acoustic impedance from normal incidence reflection seismograms. This topic is covered by following the linear inverse formalisms described by Parker (1977) and Oldenburg (1980). The measured seismogram is modelled as a convolution of subsurface reflectivity with a source wavelet. Then an appraisal of the seismogram is performed to obtain unique bandlimited reflectivity information. This bandlimited reflecitivity information is then utilized in two different construction algorithms which provide a broadband estimate of reflectivity; from which a broadband impedance function may be computed. The first construction method is a maximum entropy method which uses an autoregressive representation of a small portion of the reflectivity spectrum to predict spectral values outside that small portion. The second and most versatile construction method is the linear programming approach of Levy and Fullagar (1981) which utilizes the unique bandlimited spectral information obtained from an appraisal and provides a broadband reflectivity function which has a minimum 1( norm. Both methods have been tested on synthetic and real seismic data and have shown good success at recovering interpretable broadband impedance models. Errors in the data and the uniqueness of constructed reflectivity models play important roles in estimating the impedance function and in assessing its uniqueness. The Karhunen-Loeve transformation is discussed and applied on real data to stabilize the construction results in the presence of noise. The generally accepted idea that low frequency impedance information must be supplied from well log or velocity analyses because of the bandlimited nature of seismic data has been challenged. When accurate, bandlimited reflectivity information can be recovered from the seismic trace, then an interpretable, broadband impedance model may be recovered using the two construction algorithms presented in this thesis.
Crossing the Cosmological Constant Line on a Warped DGP Brane
Creators: name: Nozari, Kourosh
name: Behrouz, N.
name: Azizi, T.
name: Fazlpour, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dynamics of the equation of state parameter for a dark energy component non-minimally coupled to induced gravity on a warped DGP brane. We show that there are appropriate domains of the model parameters space that account for crossing of the phantom divide line. This crossing, which is possible for both branches of the scenario, depends explicitly on the values of the non-minimal coupling and warp factor. The effect of warp factor appears in the value of the redshift parameter at which phantom divide line crossing occurs.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, revised version to appear in Prog. Theor. Phys
Flux networks in metabolic graphs
Creators: name: Warren, Patrick B.
name: Queiros, Silvio M. Duarte
name: Jones, Janette L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A metabolic model can be represented as bipartite graph comprising linked reaction and metabolite nodes. Here it is shown how a network of conserved fluxes can be assigned to the edges of such a graph by combining the reaction fluxes with a conserved metabolite property such as molecular weight. A similar flux network can be constructed by combining the primal and dual solutions to the linear programming problem that typically arises in constraint-based modelling. Such constructions may help with the visualisation of flux distributions in complex metabolic networks. The analysis also explains the strong correlation observed between metabolite shadow prices (the dual linear programming variables) and conserved metabolite properties. The methods were applied to recent metabolic models for Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Methanosarcina barkeri. Detailed results are reported for E. coli; similar results were found for the other organisms.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, RevTeX 4.0, supplementary data available (excel)
GRB 170817A Afterglow from a Relativistic Electron-Positron Pair Wind Observed Off-axis
Creators: name: Li, Long
name: Dai, Zi-Gao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A relativistic electron-positron ($e^{+}e^{-}$) pair wind from a rapidly rotating, strongly magnetized neutron star (NS) would interact with a gamma-ray burst (GRB) external shock and reshapes afterglow emission signatures. Assuming that the merger remnant of GW170817 is a long-lived NS, we show that a relativistic $e^{+}e^{-}$ pair wind model with a simple top-hat jet viewed off-axis can reproduce multi-wavelength afterglow lightcurves and superluminal motion of GRB 170817A. The Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is adopted to obtain the best-fitting parameters, which give the jet half-opening angle $θ_{j}\approx0.11$ rad, and the viewing angle $θ_{v}\approx0.23$ rad. The best-fitting value of $θ_{v}$ is close to the lower limit of the prior which is chosen based on the gravitational-wave and electromagnetic observations. In addition, we also derive the initial Lorentz factor $Γ_{0}\approx47$ and the isotropic kinetic energy $E_{\rm K,iso}\approx2\times10^{52}\rm\ erg$. A consistence between the corrected on-axis values for GRB 170817A and typical values observed for short GRBs indicates that our model can also reproduce the prompt emission of GRB 170817A. An NS with a magnetic field strength $B_{p}\approx1.6\times10^{13}\rm\ G$ is obtained in our fitting, indicating that a relatively low thermalization efficiency $η\lesssim10^{-3}$ is needed to satisfy observational constraints on the kilonova. Furthermore, our model is able to reproduce a late-time shallow decay in the X-ray lightcurve and predicts that the X-ray and radio flux will continue to decline in the coming years.
description: 16 pages including 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Oshman, Rotem
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Software and its engineering → Distributed systems organizing principles
subject: Computing methodologies → Distributed computing methodologies
subject: Computing methodologies → Concurrent computing methodologies
subject: Hardware → Fault tolerance
subject: Information systems → Data structures
subject: Networks
subject: Theory of computation
subject: Theory of computation → Models of computation
subject: Theory of computation → Design and analysis of algorithms

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 281, 37th International Symposium on Distributed Computing (DISC 2023), pages 0:i-0:xx
Current Star Formation in the Ophiuchus and Perseus Molecular Clouds: Constraints and Comparisons from Unbiased Submillimeter and Mid-Infrared Surveys. II
Creators: name: Jorgensen, Jes
name: Johnstone, Doug
name: Kirk, Helen
name: Myers, Philip
name: Allen, Lori
name: Shirley, Yancy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a census of the population of deeply embedded young stellar objects (YSOs) in the Ophiuchus molecular cloud complex based on a combination of Spitzer Space Telescope mid-infrared data from the "Cores to Disks" (c2d) legacy team and JCMT/SCUBA submillimeter maps from the COMPLETE team. We have applied a method developed for identifying embedded protostars in Perseus to these datasets and in this way construct a relatively unbiased sample of 27 candidate embedded protostars with envelopes more massive than our sensitivity limit (about 0.1 M_sun). Embedded YSOs are found in 35% of the SCUBA cores - less than in Perseus (58%). On the other hand the mid-infrared sources in Ophiuchus have less red mid-infrared colors, possibly indicating that they are less embedded. We apply a nearest neighbor surface density algorithm to define the substructure in each of the clouds and calculate characteristic numbers for each subregion - including masses, star formation efficiencies, fraction of embedded sources etc. Generally the main clusters in Ophiuchus and Perseus (L1688, NGC1333 and IC348) are found to have higher star formation efficiencies than small groups such as B1, L1455 and L1448, which on the other hand are completely dominated by deeply embedded protostars. We discuss possible explanations for the differences between the regions in Perseus and Ophiuchus, such as different evolutionary timescales for the YSOs or differences, e.g., in the accretion in the two clouds.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ (56 pages, 13 figures; abstract abridged). Version with full-resolution figures available at http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~jes/paper120.pdf
Anomalous WW $γ$ coupling in photon-induced processes using forward detectors at the LHC
Creators: name: Kepka, O.
name: Royon, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method to test the Standard Model expectations at the LHC using photon-induced $WW$ production. Both $W$ decay in the main ATLAS or CMS detectors while scattered protons are measured in forward detectors. The sensitivity to anomalous $WWγ$ triple gauge coupling can be improved by more than a factor 5 or 30 compared to the present LEP or Tevatron sensitivity respectively.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures