cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Investigating the structural and functional diversity of gut microbial beta-glucuronidases
Creators: name: Lianjie Wei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Gut microbial beta-glucuronidases are one of the key players in reactivating drug metabolites in the gut lumen. This reactivation can sometimes lead to dose-limiting side effects, such as severe diarrhea and intestinal bleeding. Thus, understanding the structures and functions of these beta-glucuronidases is critical for developing adjuvant therapies to alleviate the gut microbial beta-glucuronidase-induced gastrointestinal toxicities. However, the structural and functional diversities of gut microbial beta-glucuronidase enzyme class are still poorly characterized. In this thesis, we describe three independent studies to understand these diversities. First, we studied the biochemical aspects of Streptococcus Agalactiae beta-glucuronidase and Bacteroides dorei beta-glucuronidase and of structural aspects Bacteroides dorei beta-glucuronidase inhibition. Next, we used loop swap mutants in an attempt to understand the function diversity caused by the extended active site loops. Last, we performed biochemical assays on a previously poorly characterized class of beta-glucuronidase. Our works are a part of a collective effort to explore the gut microbial beta-glucuronidase as an enzyme family. In the future, we can use our knowledge gained from these studies to further our knowledge on the interactions between the gut microbiota and drug metabolites and select beta-glucuronidases as targets for inhibitor design.
Initial conditions of pre-inflation with Hilltop potential in loop quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Shahalam, M.
name: Yesmakhanova, Kuralay
name: Umurzakhova, Zhanar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of pre-inflation with Hilltop potential in the framework of loop quantum cosmology. The initial conditions of inflaton field at the quantum bounce is categorized into two classes, first one is dominated by kinetic energy and second one by potential energy. In both cases, the physically viable initial values of inflaton field at the bounce are obtained numerically that generate the desired slow-roll inflation and also sufficient number of $e$-folds. To be consistent with observations at least 60 $e$-folds are required. In case of kinetic energy dominated initial conditions of inflaton field at the bounce, the numerical evolution of the background prior to preheating is divided into three different regions: {\it bouncing, transition and slow-roll inflation} whereas bouncing and transition phases disappear in the potential energy dominated case but still slow-roll inflation is achieved. This is true in case of $p=4$ and $v=1 M_{Pl}$ of Hilltop potential. However for other cases, slow-roll inflation can not be obtained. Moreover, we study the phase space analysis for Hilltop potential and discuss the phase space trajectories under the chosen parameters.
description: 11 pages, 7 caption figures
Perceived burden and need for support among caregivers of cancer patients
Creators: name: Gjerset, Gunhild M.
name: Kiserud, Cecilie E.
name: Wisløff, Torbjørn
name: McCarthy, Jane B.
name: Thorsen, Lene
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: The aims of this study were to examine (1) the perceived burden among caregivers and identify those in risk of high burden and (2) the need for support among caregivers and identify associated factors. Cancer patients who participated in an educational program at the Montebello Center (MBC) in Norway between May 2021 and February 2022 were asked to invite a caregiver to answer a questionnaire. The caregiving burden was assessed with the Caregivers Reaction Assessment (CRA) that consists of 24 questions scored from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), covering five domains. A mean sum score was calculated for each domain. Higher subscale scores indicate higher levels of burden, except for caregiver esteem where a high score indicates a low burden. Need for support was assessed with 13 questions. Of 464 invitations, 185 caregivers responded (response 40%), median age was 58.0 years and 58% were male. Caregiver burden mean scores were: 2.6 (SD 1.03) for Impact on schedule, 2.1 (SD 0.79) for Lack of family support, 2.1 (SD 0.76) for Impact on health, 2.0 (SD 0.86) for Impact on finances, and 4.2 (SD 0.47) for Caregiver esteem. Female caregivers, younger, higher education, having comorbidities, caring for patients having recurrence of cancer, and shorter time since diagnosis were associated with higher burden measured on individual subscales of the CRA. Most reported needs were information about: cancer, late effects and rehabilitation services and support from peers and professionals to cope with the new situation. Younger, caregiver comorbidity and recurrence of cancer of the patient were associated with more needs. The results indicate that caregivers of cancer patients participating at the MBC report moderate caregiver burden, however, numerous caregivers reported need for support within several areas. Our findings need to be confirmed in a larger unselected group.
Universal structure of two and three dimensional self-gravitating systems in the quasi-equilibrium state
Creators: name: Tashiro, Tohru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a universal structure of two and three dimensional self-gravitating systems in the quasi-equilibrium state. It is shown numerically that the two dimensional self-gravitating system in the quasi-equilibrium state has the same kind of density profile as the three dimensional one. We develop a phenomenological model to describe this universal structure by using a special Langevin equation with a distinctive random noise to self-gravitating systems. We find that the density profile derived theoretically is consistent well with results of observations and simulations.
On the Accuracy of Analog Neural Network Inference Accelerators
Creators: name: Xiao, T. Patrick
name: Feinberg, Ben
name: Bennett, Christopher H.
name: Prabhakar, Venkatraman
name: Saxena, Prashant
name: Agrawal, Vineet
name: Agarwal, Sapan
name: Marinella, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Specialized accelerators have recently garnered attention as a method to reduce the power consumption of neural network inference. A promising category of accelerators utilizes nonvolatile memory arrays to both store weights and perform $\textit{in situ}$ analog computation inside the array. While prior work has explored the design space of analog accelerators to optimize performance and energy efficiency, there is seldom a rigorous evaluation of the accuracy of these accelerators. This work shows how architectural design decisions, particularly in mapping neural network parameters to analog memory cells, influence inference accuracy. When evaluated using ResNet50 on ImageNet, the resilience of the system to analog non-idealities - cell programming errors, analog-to-digital converter resolution, and array parasitic resistances - all improve when analog quantities in the hardware are made proportional to the weights in the network. Moreover, contrary to the assumptions of prior work, nearly equivalent resilience to cell imprecision can be achieved by fully storing weights as analog quantities, rather than spreading weight bits across multiple devices, often referred to as bit slicing. By exploiting proportionality, analog system designers have the freedom to match the precision of the hardware to the needs of the algorithm, rather than attempting to guarantee the same level of precision in the intermediate results as an equivalent digital accelerator. This ultimately results in an analog accelerator that is more accurate, more robust to analog errors, and more energy-efficient.
description: Changes in v3: modified definition of state-independent error (factor of 2) for fairer comparison to state-proportional. Added more results on INT4 network
The optical theorem for the conservation of the electromagnetic helicity: Its significance for molecular transfer and enantiomeric discrimination by dichroism
Creators: name: Nieto-Vesperinas, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We put forward the physical meaning of the conservation equation for the helicity on scattering of an electromagnetic field with a generally magnetodielectric bi-isotropic dipolar object. This is the optical theorem for the helicity that, as we find, plays a role for this quantity analogous to that of the optical thorem for energy. We discuss its consequences for helicity transfer between molecules and for new detection procedures of circular dichroism based on ellipsometric measurements.
Approximate Pythagoras Numbers on $*$-algebras over $\mathbb{C}$
Creators: name: Abbasi, Paria
name: Gribling, Sander
name: Klingler, Andreas
name: Netzer, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Pythagoras number of a sum of squares is the shortest length among its sums of squares representations. In many algebras, for example real polynomial algebras in two or more variables, there exists no upper bound on the Pythagoras number for all sums of squares. In this paper, we study how Pythagoras numbers in $*$-algebras over $\mathbb{C}$ behave with respect to small perturbations of elements. More precisely, the approximate Pythagoras number of an element is the smallest Pythagoras number among all elements in its $\varepsilon$-ball. We show that these approximate Pythagoras numbers are often significantly smaller than their exact versions, and allow for (almost) dimension-independent upper bounds. Our results use low-rank approximations for Gram matrices of sums of squares and estimates for the operator norm of the Gram map.
description: v2: new title, added a table collecting all norms in the paper
Patient-centered development of Embrace Pain: an online acceptance and commitment therapy intervention for cancer survivors with chronic painful chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
Creators: name: van de Graaf, Daniëlle L.
name: Smeets, Tom
name: van der Lee, Marije L.
name: Trompetter, Hester R.
name: Baars-Seebregts, Aafke
name: Børøsund, Elin
name: Nes, Lise Solberg
name: Schreurs, Karlein M. G.
name: Mols, Floortje
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Around 30% of cancer survivors suffer from chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) ≥6 months after completion of chemotherapy, which comes with limitations in daily functioning and worsened quality of life(QoL). Treatment options are scarce. Our aim was to develop an online self-help intervention based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to reduce pain interference in cancer survivors experiencing painful chronic CIPN. This article applied a patient-centered design process using the Center for eHealth Research (CeHRes) roadmap. User needs were examined using online semi-structured interviews with patients and experts (N = 23). Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. Personas were created based on interviews. Intervention content was based on identified user needs and ACT. Content and design were finalized using low-fidelity prototype testing (N = 5), and high-fidelity prototype testing (N = 7). Patients appreciated and agreed with the elements of ACT, had varying guidance needs, and wanted to have autonomy (e.g., moment and duration of use). Additionally, it was important to be aware that patients have had a life-threatening disease which directly relates to the symptoms they experience. Patients reported to prefer a user-friendly and accessible intervention. Similar points also emerged in the expert interviews. The final intervention, named Embrace Pain, includes six sessions. Session content is based on psychoeducation and all ACT processes. Further interpretation of the intervention (such as quotes, guidance, and multimedia choices) is based on the interviews. This development demonstrated how a patient-centered design process from a theoretical framework can be applied. Theory-driven content was used as the basis of the intervention. Findings show an online ACT intervention designed for cancer survivors with painful chronic CIPN.
Fig. S1;Fig. S2;Table S1 from Genomic estimates of mutation and substitution rates contradict the evolutionary speed hypothesis of the latitudinal diversity gradient
Creators: name: Liu, Haoxuan
name: Sun, Mengyi
name: Zhang, Jianzhi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Evolutionary Biology not elsewhere classified
Genomics

description: Comparison of dS, dN, or dN/dS between the lower-temperature and higher-temperature ingroup species of 234 trios.;Normalized difference in dN between the two ingroup species per trio divided by their growth temperature difference (ΔT) tends to decrease with their average growth temperature. ;Correlation between phylogenetically independent contrasts of mutation rate and growth temperature in all, unicellular, and multicellular eukaryotes, respectively.
Twitter Stance Detection with Textual, Sentiment, and Target-specific Models
Creators: name: Xu, Yuxuan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Today more and more users express their opinions and stances on social media platforms such as Twitter. In this paper, I proposed different approaches to automatically detect the stance of a single tweet. I investigated whether including additional sentiment polarity information and the target information would be beneficial for the stance detection task. Moreover, I also researched whether target-specific features could be generalized to other datasets with different targets for the stance detection task.
The association between education and fear of recurrence among breast cancer patients in follow-up – and the mediating effect of self-efficacy
Creators: name: Larsen, Cecilie
name: Kirchhoff, Kirstine S.
name: Saltbæk, Lena
name: Thygesen, Lau C.
name: Karlsen, Randi V.
name: Svendsen, Mads N.
name: Høeg, Beverley L.
name: Horsbøl, Trine A.
name: Bidstrup, Pernille E.
name: Christensen, Helle G.
name: Johansen, Christoffer
name: Dalton, Susanne O.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Major restructuring of surveillance after breast cancer treatment with less follow-up consultations may result in insecurity and fear of recurrence (FCR) among the less resourceful breast cancer patients. We investigate the association between breast cancer patients’ education and FCR and if self-efficacy mediates the associations between education and FCR. A questionnaire survey was conducted from 2017 to 2019, among 1773 breast cancer patients shortly after having their follow-up switched from regular outpatient visits with an oncologist to either nurse-led or patient-initiated follow-up, with a subsequent questionnaire after 12 months. Data on disease and treatment characteristics were extracted from medical records and the Danish Breast Cancer Group Database. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between education and FCR. Separate analyses were conducted for patients ≤ and >5 years since diagnosis and all models were adjusted for age and cohabitation status. To explore potential mediation by self-efficacy, we conducted regression analyses on education and FCR further adjusting for self-efficacy. The participation rate was 57%, and after the exclusion of patients due to missing data, 917 were included in analyses. Patients with long education had significantly less FCR compared to patients with short education (OR (95% CI) 0.71 (0.51;0,99)). When separated by time since diagnosis, there was no association among patients >5 years since diagnosis while the OR was 0.51 (95% CI, 0.30;0.85) for patients ≤5 years since diagnosis. Further adjusting for self-efficacy among patients <5 years since diagnosis resulted in an OR of 0.56 (95% CI, 0.33;0.95) among patients with long compared to short education. Up to 5 years after diagnosis, breast cancer patients with long education are less likely to experience FCR than patients with short education. Self-efficacy mediated only a very small part of this association, indicating that other factors play a role in socioeconomic differences in FCR among breast cancer patients.
Mixed multiplicities, Hilbert polynomials and homaloidal surfaces
Creators: name: Dimca, Alexandru
name: Sticlaru, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the relationship among several numerical invariants associated to a (free) projective hypersurface $V$: the sequence of mixed multiplicities of its Jacobian ideal, the Hilbert polynomial of its Milnor algebra, and the sequence of exponents when $V$ is free. As a byproduct, we obtain explicit equations for some of the homaloidal surfaces in the projective 3-dimensional space constructed by C. Ciliberto, F. Russo and A. Simis.
description: v5: the following key reference added: N. V. Trung, Positivity of mixed multiplicities, Math. Ann. 319 (2001), 33-63
Exploration in Deep Reinforcement Learning: From Single-Agent to Multiagent Domain
Creators: name: Hao, Jianye
name: Yang, Tianpei
name: Tang, Hongyao
name: Bai, Chenjia
name: Liu, Jinyi
name: Meng, Zhaopeng
name: Liu, Peng
name: Wang, Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) and Deep Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) have achieved significant successes across a wide range of domains, including game AI, autonomous vehicles, robotics, and so on. However, DRL and deep MARL agents are widely known to be sample inefficient that millions of interactions are usually needed even for relatively simple problem settings, thus preventing the wide application and deployment in real-industry scenarios. One bottleneck challenge behind is the well-known exploration problem, i.e., how efficiently exploring the environment and collecting informative experiences that could benefit policy learning towards the optimal ones. This problem becomes more challenging in complex environments with sparse rewards, noisy distractions, long horizons, and non-stationary co-learners. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive survey on existing exploration methods for both single-agent and multi-agent RL. We start the survey by identifying several key challenges to efficient exploration. Beyond the above two main branches, we also include other notable exploration methods with different ideas and techniques. In addition to algorithmic analysis, we provide a comprehensive and unified empirical comparison of different exploration methods for DRL on a set of commonly used benchmarks. According to our algorithmic and empirical investigation, we finally summarize the open problems of exploration in DRL and deep MARL and point out a few future directions.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems (TNNLS)
Pairwise Interactions in Chimney Swift Flocks
Creators: name: Wiener, William
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Chimney swifts, Chaetura pelagica, are small (0.3 m wingspan) insectivorous birds which roost overnight in chimneys during their fall migration. Hundreds to thousands of swifts flock and roost together, necessitating the formation of enormous, cylindrical holding patterns as the flock slowly enters its chimney each evening. Despite the large size of the flock, previous studies identified no internal organization and found that swifts typically maintain five or more wingspans distance from their neighbors. However, recent analysis of shorebird flocks revealed organized subgroups within larger less organized flocks, raising the possibility that such subgroups could also exist within the chimney swift roosting flock. I hypothesized that subgroup structure might be present between reciprocal nearest neighbors (RNNs), or two birds who were closest to one another and that RNNs would be more aligned with one another than non-RNNs, independent of distance and fly in a consistent formation. To test this hypothesis, I used data on a flock of chimney swifts in Raleigh, NC collected using three synchronized video cameras and then digitally reconstructed the individual birds’ positions. Measurements of alignment showed that RNNs were more closely aligned than non-RNNs. However, RNNs also tended to be closer together than non-RNNs. Once this difference in average distance was factored in, RNNs and non-RNNs were similarly aligned with similar spatial distributions. Thus, my hypothesis was not supported. Ultimately, a deeper understanding of how swifts determine and maintain their spacing will still continue to contribute to the development of collective behavior models.
Assessment of Employee Relation Practice (In Case of National Tobacco Enterprise (Ethiopia) S.C)
Creators: name: Mulugeta Alemu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: This research work is designed to assess employee relation practices of National Tobacco Enterprise (Ethiopia) Share Company. 248 employee and management members are selected using cross sectional sampling methods. In this research with the objective of assessing employee relation practice the following questions are raised: existence policy and procedure to guide the practice, Major employee relation issue that affect employee relation, how conflicts are resolved, how does the tripartite agreement help in resolving conflict. To gather information for the study questionnaires with close and open ended are used. Accordingly, a total of 248 questionnaires were distributed both to the management and employees and interview was conducted with six top management members (Department managers and service heads) and four labor union representatives (Labor union head and other executive committee members) the data collected were analyzed using SPSS software. On the basis of the data obtained from the respondents, the study identified: the enterprise has employee relation polices and procedure and the enterprise has also place importance to employee relation issue, employee relation issues like health and safety, learning & development, fair and just treatment and financial benefit are found to be very important for employees, the enterprise also has good employee relation practice. The study also identified existence of tripartite agreement in the enterprise that manifested by respecting and understanding the concern of each parties and maintaining honesty and openness among both employer and employee and trade union. In light of the findings, the following recommendations were forwarded.
Counting Lines on Quartic Surfaces
Creators: name: González-Alonso, Víctor
name: Rams, Sławomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 14J25, 14N25, Secondary: 14N20, 14J70

description: We prove the sharp bound of at most 64 lines on complex projective quartic surfaces (resp. affine quartics) that are not ruled by lines. We study configurations of lines on certain non-K3 surfaces of degree four and give various examples of singular quartics with many lines.
Implications of the Landau Equations for Iterated Integrals
Creators: name: Hannesdottir, Holmfridur S.
name: McLeod, Andrew J.
name: Schwartz, Matthew D.
name: Vergu, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a method for deriving constraints on the symbol of Feynman integrals from the form of their asymptotic expansions in the neighborhood of Landau loci. In particular, we show that the behavior of these integrals near singular points is directly related to the position in the symbol where one of the letters vanishes or becomes infinite. We illustrate this method on integrals with generic masses, and as a corollary prove the conjectured bound of $\lfloor \frac {D \ell} 2\rfloor$ on the transcendental weight of polylogarithmic $\ell$-loop integrals of this type in integer numbers of dimensions $D$. We also derive new constraints on the kinematic dependence of certain products of symbol letters that remain finite near singular points.
description: 5+2 pages; v2: minor clarifications and typos, updating to published version
Biomechanical and Behavioral Determinants of Flapping Frequency in Cliff Swallows
Creators: name: Chizhikova, Sophia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: One of the central predictions of applying aerodynamic theory to the flapping flight of birds and other animals is the quadratic relationship between wingbeat frequency and airspeed. This relationship has been observed in theoretical models of flapping flight and experimental studies of birds and bats flying in wind tunnels. The U-shaped curve arises from the varying power requirements for producing lift and overcoming drag at different air speeds. Because changes in wingbeat frequency have the most scope for varying muscle power output, the U-shaped cost of flight relationship is expected to lead to a U-shaped wingbeat frequency curve in all flying birds. However, the degree to which these U-shaped relationships are characteristic of natural flight behavior and the extent to which birds might modify this basic aerodynamic response to accommodate other behaviors are less well-known. We analyzed videos of wild Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) engaged in tandem (i.e., following or being followed by a conspecific) and non-tandem flight behavior to collect birds' wingbeat phases and 3-D position, velocity, and acceleration through time. These data were used to determine the relationship between wingbeat frequency, air speed, and other kinematic properties such as elevation gain and centripetal acceleration. After accounting for the Cliff Swallow's intermittent flapping flight style, we found that non-tandem birds had a wingbeat frequency-speed relationship consistent with theoretical models and wind tunnel experiments, though they typically did not fly at speeds faster than the minimum-frequency speed. Cliff Swallows engaged in tandem flight behavior flew with higher wingbeat frequencies that did not vary systematically with speed, contrary to aerodynamic expectations. They also reached faster flight speeds than were seen in non-tandem behavior. These results support the applicability of the predicted wingbeat frequency-speed model to natural flight, but also show that birds can substantially modify this underlying pattern to support different flight behaviors.
Kuramoto synchronization of quantum tunneling polarons for describing the dynamic structure in cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Velasco, Victor
name: Neto, Marcello B. Silva
name: Perali, Andrea
name: Wimberger, Sandro
name: Bishop, Alan R.
name: Conradson, Steven D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A major open topic in cuprates is the interplay between the lattice and electronic dynamics and the importance of their coupling to the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity (HTSC). As evidenced by Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure experiments (EXAFS), anharmonic structural effects are correlated with the charge dynamics and the transition to a superconducting phase in different HTSC compounds. Here we describe how structural anharmonic effects can be coupled to electronic and lattice dynamics in cuprate systems by performing the exact diagonalization of a prototype anharmonic many-body Hamiltonian on a relevant six-atom cluster and show that the EXAFS results can be understood as a Kuramoto synchronization between coupled internal quantum tunneling polarons associated with the two-site distribution of the copper-apical-oxygen ($Cu-O_{ap}$) pair in the dynamic structure. Furthermore, we find that this first order, anti-phase synchronization transition can be fine tuned by temperature and anharmonicity of the lattice vibrations, and promotes the pumping of charge, initially stored at the apical oxygen reservoirs, into the copper-oxide planes. Simultaneously, the internal quantum tunneling polaron extends to the copper-planar-oxygen ($Cu-O_{pl}$) pair. All these findings support an interpretation of the EXAFS data in terms of an effective, quantum mechanical triple-well-potential, which accurately represents the anti-phase synchronization of apical oxygens displacements and lattice-assisted charge transfer to the $CuO_2$ plane.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to Physical Review B
Association of patient-reported pain with survival in bladder cancer: a post-hoc analysis of the iBLAD trial
Creators: name: Stormoen, Dag Rune
name: Taarnhøj, Gry Assam
name: Friis, Rasmus Blechingberg
name: Johansen, Christoffer
name: Pappot, Helle
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Association of patient-reported pain with survival in bladder cancer: a post-hoc analysis of the iBLAD trial
Scaling of the 1-halo terms with bias
Creators: name: Abramo, L. Raul
name: Balmès, Irène
name: Lacasa, Fabien
name: Lima, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Halo Model, galaxies are hosted by dark matter halos, while the halos themselves are biased tracers of the underlying matter distribution. Measurements of galaxy correlation functions include contributions both from galaxies in different halos, and from galaxies in the same halo (the so-called 1-halo terms). We show that, for highly biased tracers, the 1-halo term of the power spectrum obeys a steep scaling relation in terms of bias. We also show that the 1-halo term of the trispectrum has a steep scaling with bias. The steepness of these scaling relations is such that the 1-halo terms can become key contributions to the $n$-point correlation functions, even at large scales. We interpret these results through analytical arguments and semi-analytical calculations in terms of the statistical properties of halos.
description: Matches version published on MNRAS. 12 pages, 8 figures
Bayesian Inference of a Social Graph with Trace Feasibility Guarantees
Creators: name: Papanastasiou, Effrosyni
name: Giovanidis, Anastasios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Network inference is the process of deciding what is the true unknown graph underlying a set of interactions between nodes. There is a vast literature on the subject, but most known methods have an important drawback: the inferred graph is not guaranteed to explain every interaction from the input trace. We consider this an important issue since such inferred graph cannot be used as input for applications that require a reliable estimate of the true graph. On the other hand, a graph having trace feasibility guarantees can help us better understand the true (hidden) interactions that may have taken place between nodes of interest. The inference of such graph is the goal of this paper. Firstly, given an activity log from a social network, we introduce a set of constraints that take into consideration all the hidden paths that are possible between the nodes of the trace, given their timestamps of interaction. Then, we develop a nontrivial modification of the Expectation-Maximization algorithm by Newman [1], that we call Constrained-EM, which incorporates the constraints and a set of auxiliary variables into the inference process to guide it towards the feasibility of the trace. Experimental results on real-world data from Twitter confirm that Constrained-EM generates a posterior distribution of graphs that explains all the events observed in the trace while presenting the desired properties of a scale-free, small-world graph. Our method also outperforms established methods in terms of feasibility and quality of the inferred graph.
description: Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM), Nov 2021, The Hague, Netherlands
Application of FAIR principles in occupational health
Creators: name: Kreismanis, Ingmars
name: Lakisa, Svetlana
name: Paegle, Linda
name: Vanadzins, Ivars
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FAIR
RDM
RDA
EOSC

description: This poster was presented at the World Congress of Latvian Scientists (27-29 June, 2023). The goal of the poster was to inform Latvian research community of the FAIR principles and the main steps to achieve them in practice. The poster proposes principal phases to ensure smooth research data management practice in research performing organisations. The poster was created with the support of the funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 101017536.
description: Poster is published also here (p. 35) in Latvian language: https://www.izm.gov.lv/sites/izm/files/media_file/staenda-referati_digitala-transformacija.pdf
Differences in dietary patterns by sexual orientation and sex in the US: NHANES 2011-2016
Creators: name: Prestemon, Carmen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Objective
To determine whether dietary intake differs by sexual orientation and sex among US adults. 

Methods
We examined 24-h dietary recall data from adults (n=8,851) participating in the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES). We compared daily caloric intake from specific food groups and Healthy Eating Index scores for sexual orientation groups (heterosexual vs. GLB [gay/lesbian/bisexual]), stratified by sex and adjusted for demographic characteristics and survey wave.

Results
Among males, red and processed meat/poultry/seafood (p=0.01) and sandwiches (p=0.02) were smaller contributors to caloric intake for gay/bisexual males compared to heterosexual males. Among females, cereals (p=0.04) and mixed dishes (p=0.02) were smaller contributors to caloric intake for lesbian/bisexual females compared to heterosexual females. Gay/bisexual males had significantly higher total HEI scores than heterosexual males (53.40 (1.36) vs. 49.29 (0.32), difference=4.14, p=0.004). Lesbian/bisexual females did not differ in total or component HEI scores from heterosexual females.

Conclusions
While GLB groups were similar for a variety of dietary outcomes compared to heterosexual groups, gay and bisexual males displayed healthier patterns for processed meat and overall dietary quality compared to heterosexual males.
Tomopeas ravus G. S. Miller 1900
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Mittermeier, Russell A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Molossidae
Tomopeas
Tomopeas ravus

description: 1. Blunt-eared Bat Tomopeas ravus French: Murin-molosse / German: Stumpfohrfledermaus / Spanish: Tomopeo de Perl Other common names: Blunt-eared Free-tailed Bat, Peruvian Crevice-dwelling Bat Taxonomy. Tomopeas ravus G. S. Miller, 1900, “Yayan, Cajamarca, Peru (alt. 1000 metres).” This species is monotypic. Distribution. W Peru from Piura to Ica departments. Descriptive notes. Head—body 36-42 mm, tail 29-45 mm, ear 11-16 mm, hindfoot 4-5-6 mm, forearm 31-36 mm; weight 2-4 g. Dorsum of the Blunt-eared Batis pale yellowish brown, with hairs having blackish bases; venter is grayish buffy, with hairs having black bases and cream tips. It has broad flaring upperlips, fringed with pale hairs. Nostrils are well defined and tubular. Ears are triangular, with slightly rounded tips. Skin membranes are brownish. Uropatagium extends to nearly end of tail exceptfor at least last two vertebrae, which are free. Calcar is about as long as tibia and keeled for one-half its length. Auditory bullae are distinctively disk-shaped and flattened. Dental formulais11/2, C1/1,P 1/2, M 3/3 (2) = Habitat. Dry, desert-like habitats on western slopes of Andes from sea level up to elevations of ¢. 2300 m. Food and Feeding. The Blunt-eared Bat primarily eats beetles (Coleoptera). Breeding. Pregnant Blunt-eared Bats have been found in February and July-August and lactating females in July-August. Activity patterns. Blunt-eared Bats roost in crevices of granite boulders and caves. Movements, Home range and Social organization. The Blunt-eared Bat roosts alone. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Blunteared Bat is experiencing ongoing population decline and has a small fragmented distribution. Area of occupancy is estimated at less than 100 km?®. It occurs in only twelve known localities, but 4-5 of these in northern Peru are less than 3 km apart. Availability of day roosts is decreasing due to extreme habitat change caused by agriculture, urban expansion, and other anthropogenic factors. Local extirpation due to destruction of habitat from changes in land use is a possibility. Bibliography. Barkley (2008), Davis (1970c), Miller (1900a), Velazco, Cadenillas et al. (2013), Zamora etal. (2014).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Molossidae, pp. 598-672 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 621, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6418279
Association of patient-reported pain with survival in bladder cancer: a post-hoc analysis of the iBLAD trial
Creators: name: Stormoen, Dag Rune
name: Taarnhøj, Gry Assam
name: Friis, Rasmus Blechingberg
name: Johansen, Cristhoffer
name: Pappot, Helle
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Association of patient-reported pain with survival in bladder cancer: a post-hoc analysis of the iBLAD trial
On polyharmonic helices in space forms
Creators: name: Branding, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we study polyharmonic curves of constant curvature where we mostly focus on the case of curves on the sphere. We classify polyharmonic curves of constant curvature in three-dimensional space forms and derive an explicit family of polyharmonic curves on the sphere. Our results give new insights into the geometric structure of higher order variational problems.
Flipping Districts: The Role of Major Party Organizations in Descriptive Representation
Creators: name: Cecil, Miranda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Though American voters can point to specific election years (e.g. 1992, 2018) that have been coined "the year of the woman," the reality is that the US Congress remains far from gender parity. The purpose of this study is to fill gaps in the existing literature surrounding the role of party organizations funded by the DCCC and NRCC in female candidate recruitment for primary elections for the House of Representatives. The central question answered with this research is, “How can female candidate recruitment from major party organizations be explained at a congressional district level?” Using a logistic regression model, the study seeks to explain the relationship between female candidate recruitment by major party organizations and competition, women-friendliness variables, and district partisanship makeup.
Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Carbide: A Low-loss Deposited Dielectric for Microwave to Submillimeter Wave Superconducting Circuits
Creators: name: Buijtendorp, B. T.
name: Vollebregt, S.
name: Karatsu, K.
name: Thoen, D. J.
name: Murugesan, V.
name: Kouwenhoven, K.
name: Hähnle, S.
name: Baselmans, J. J. A.
name: Endo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-loss deposited dielectrics will benefit superconducting devices such as integrated superconducting spectrometers, superconducting qubits and kinetic inductance parametric amplifiers. Compared with planar structures, multi-layer structures such as microstrips are more compact and eliminate radiation loss at high frequencies. Multi-layer structures are most easily fabricated with deposited dielectrics, which typically exhibit higher dielectric loss than crystalline dielectrics. We measured the sub-kelvin and low-power microwave and mm-submm wave dielectric loss of hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H), using a superconducting chip with NbTiN/a-SiC:H/NbTiN microstrip resonators. We deposited the a-SiC:H by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition at a substrate temperature of 400°C. The a-SiC:H has a mm-submm loss tangent ranging from $0.80 \pm 0.01 \times 10^{-4}$ to $1.43 \pm 0.04 \times 10^{-4}$ in the range of 270 to 385 GHz. The microwave loss tangent is $3.2 \pm 0.2 \times 10^{-5}$. These are the lowest low-power sub-kelvin loss tangents that have been reported for microstrip resonators at mm-submm and microwave frequencies. We observe that the loss tangent increases with frequency. The a-SiC:H films are free of blisters and have low stress: $-$20 MPa compressive at 200 nm thickness to 60 MPa tensile at 1000 nm thickness.
Homo sapiens nasopharyngeal carcinoma raw sequence reads
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2015
Subjects: raw sequence reads
Monoisolate

description: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play a considerable role in the development and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC). Despite accumulating studies on the molecular mechanisms of NPC, the miRNA regulatory networks in cancer progression remain largely unknown. Laser capture microdissection(LCM) and deep sequencing are powerful tools that can help us to detect the integrated view of miRNA-target network.
Fiscal Policy, Public Investment and Economic Growth in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tilahun, Solomon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: It remained a big intellectual puzzle both on theoretical and empirical front that the question of whether or not fiscal policy spurs economic growth. Proponents of government intervention believe that government involvement in economic phenomena is crucial for growth, but opponents have a view that government involvements are naturally bureaucratic and unproductive and therefore retarding rather than promoting growth. This contradicting view comes up with equally mixed results in the empirical literature. In line with argument, objective of this study is to contribute towards the literature on fiscal policy, public investment and economic growth in Ethiopia. This study used time series techniques and applied empirical model by Kneller et al (1999) and Bleaney et al (2000) to investigate the link between various components of fiscal policy on growth on annual data for the period 1981 – 2013. It employed the autoregressive distributed lag estimation technique. Results of the bound tests indicated that there was a long-run relationship between the variables. Disaggregating government expenditure into productive and unproductive and tax revenue into distortionary and non distortionary. The study found unproductive expenditure and nondistortionary tax revenue to be neutral to growth as predicted by economic theory. Productive expenditure has positive effect on growth while there was evidence of distortionary effects on growth. On the other hand, government investment was found to be beneficial to growth in the long run. These results give right signal to policy makers in Ethiopia in formulating expenditure and tax policies to ensure unproductive expenditures are reduced while at the same time boosting public investment.
Pivot Hamiltonians as generators of symmetry and entanglement
Creators: name: Tantivasadakarn, Nathanan
name: Thorngren, Ryan
name: Vishwanath, Ashvin
name: Verresen, Ruben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well-known that symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases can be obtained from the trivial phase by an entangler, a finite-depth unitary operator $U$. Here, we consider obtaining the entangler from a local 'pivot' Hamiltonian $H_{piv}$ such that $U = e^{iπH_{piv}}$. This perspective of Hamiltonians pivoting between the trivial and SPT phase opens up two new directions which we explore here. (i) Since SPT Hamiltonians and entanglers are now on the same footing, can we iterate this process to create other interesting states? (ii) Since entanglers are known to arise as discrete symmetries at SPT transitions, under what conditions can this be enhanced to $U(1)$ 'pivot' symmetry generated by $H_{piv}$? In this work we explore both of these questions. With regard to the first, we give examples of a rich web of dualities obtained by iteratively using an SPT model as a pivot to generate the next one. For the second question, we derive a simple criterion guaranteeing that the direct interpolation between the trivial and SPT Hamiltonian has a $U(1)$ pivot symmetry. We illustrate this in a variety of examples, assuming various forms for $H_{piv}$, including the Ising chain, and the toric code Hamiltonian. A remarkable property of such a $U(1)$ pivot symmetry is that it shares a mutual anomaly with the symmetry protecting the nearby SPT phase. We discuss how such anomalous and non-onsite $U(1)$ symmetries explain the exotic phase diagrams that can appear, including an SPT multicritical point where the gapless ground state is given by the fixed-point toric code state.
description: 22+6 pages, 6 figures. v2 published version