cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Plain convergence of adaptive algorithms without exploiting reliability and efficiency
Creators: name: Gantner, Gregor
name: Praetorius, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider h-adaptive algorithms in the context of the finite element method (FEM) and the boundary element method (BEM). Under quite general assumptions on the building blocks SOLVE, ESTIMATE, MARK, and REFINE of such algorithms, we prove plain convergence in the sense that the adaptive algorithm drives the underlying a posteriori error estimator to zero. Unlike available results in the literature, our analysis avoids the use of any reliability and efficiency estimate, but only relies on structural properties of the estimator, namely stability on non-refined elements and reduction on refined elements. In particular, the new framework thus covers also problems involving non-local operators like the fractional Laplacian or boundary integral equations, where (discrete) efficiency is (currently) not available.
Multi-drug resistance profile of PR20 HIV-1 protease is attributed to distorted conformational and drug binding landscape: molecular dynamics insights
Creators: name: Sarentha Chetty
name: Soumendranath Bhakat
name: Martin, Alberto J.M.
name: Soliman, Mahmoud E.S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Computational Biology
Cancer
Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Pharmacology
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: The PR20 HIV-1 protease, a variant with 20 mutations, exhibits high levels of multi-drug resistance; however, to date, there has been no report detailing the impact of these 20 mutations on the conformational and drug binding landscape at a molecular level. In this report, we demonstrate the first account of a comprehensive study designed to elaborate on the impact of these mutations on the dynamic features as well as drug binding and resistance profile, using extensive molecular dynamics analyses. Comparative MD simulations for the wild-type and PR20 HIV proteases, starting from bound and unbound conformations in each case, were performed. Results showed that the apo conformation of the PR20 variant of the HIV protease displayed a tendency to remain in the open conformation for a longer period of time when compared to the wild type. This led to a phenomena in which the inhibitor seated at the active site of PR20 tends to diffuse away from the binding site leading to a significant change in inhibitor–protein association. Calculating the per-residue fluctuation (RMSF) and radius of gyration, further validated these findings. MM/GBSA showed that the occurrence of 20 mutations led to a drop in the calculated binding free energies (ΔGbind) by ~25.17 kcal/mol and ~5 kcal/mol for p2-NC, a natural peptide substrate, and darunavir, respectively, when compared to wild type. Furthermore, the residue interaction network showed a diminished inter-residue hydrogen bond network and changes in inter-residue connections as a result of these mutations. The increased conformational flexibility in PR20 as a result of loss of intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bond interactions and other prominent binding forces led to a loss of protease grip on ligand. It is interesting to note that the difference in conformational flexibility between PR20 and WT conformations was much higher in the case of substrate-bound conformation as compared to DRV. Thus, developing analogues of DRV by retaining its key pharmacophore features will be the way forward in the search for novel protease inhibitors against multi-drug resistant strains.
A correspondence between boundary coefficients of real flag manifolds and height of roots
Creators: name: Lambert, Jordan
name: Rabelo, Lonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 05A05, 14M15, 57T15

description: In this paper we prove a new formula for the coefficients of the cellular homology of real flag manifolds in terms of the height of certain roots. In particular, for flag manifolds of type A, we get a very simple formula for these coefficients and an explicit expression for the first and second homology groups with integer coefficients.
description: 14 pages
A numerical stability analysis for the Einstein-Vlasov system
Creators: name: Günther, Sebastian
name: Körner, Jacob
name: Lebeda, Timo
name: Pötzl, Bastian
name: Rein, Gerhard
name: Straub, Christopher
name: Weber, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q75, 83C05, 85A05, 35B35, 35B30

description: We investigate stability issues for steady states of the spherically symmetric Einstein-Vlasov system numerically in Schwarzschild, maximal areal, and Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates. Across all coordinate systems we confirm the conjecture that the first binding energy maximum along a one-parameter family of steady states signals the onset of instability. Beyond this maximum perturbed solutions either collapse to a black hole, form heteroclinic orbits, or eventually fully disperse. Contrary to earlier research, we find that a negative binding energy does not necessarily correspond to fully dispersing solutions. We also comment on the so-called turning point principle from the viewpoint of our numerical results. The physical reliability of the latter is strengthened by obtaining consistent results in the three different coordinate systems and by the systematic use of dynamically accessible perturbations.
description: 35 pages, 12 figures
AIFNet: Automatic Vascular Function Estimation for Perfusion Analysis Using Deep Learning
Creators: name: de la Rosa, Ezequiel
name: Sima, Diana M.
name: Menze, Bjoern
name: Kirschke, Jan S.
name: Robben, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Perfusion imaging is crucial in acute ischemic stroke for quantifying the salvageable penumbra and irreversibly damaged core lesions. As such, it helps clinicians to decide on the optimal reperfusion treatment. In perfusion CT imaging, deconvolution methods are used to obtain clinically interpretable perfusion parameters that allow identifying brain tissue abnormalities. Deconvolution methods require the selection of two reference vascular functions as inputs to the model: the arterial input function (AIF) and the venous output function, with the AIF as the most critical model input. When manually performed, the vascular function selection is time demanding, suffers from poor reproducibility and is subject to the professionals' experience. This leads to potentially unreliable quantification of the penumbra and core lesions and, hence, might harm the treatment decision process. In this work we automatize the perfusion analysis with AIFNet, a fully automatic and end-to-end trainable deep learning approach for estimating the vascular functions. Unlike previous methods using clustering or segmentation techniques to select vascular voxels, AIFNet is directly optimized at the vascular function estimation, which allows to better recognise the time-curve profiles. Validation on the public ISLES18 stroke database shows that AIFNet reaches inter-rater performance for the vascular function estimation and, subsequently, for the parameter maps and core lesion quantification obtained through deconvolution. We conclude that AIFNet has potential for clinical transfer and could be incorporated in perfusion deconvolution software.
description: Preprint submitted to Elsevier
Black Hole Hair Removal For N=4 CHL Models
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Subhroneel
name: Govindarajan, Suresh
name: Shanmugapriya, P
name: Srivastava, Yogesh K.
name: Virmani, Amitabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although BMPV black holes in flat space and in Taub-NUT space have identical near-horizon geometries, they have different indices from the microscopic analysis. For K3 compactification of type IIB theory, Sen et al in a series of papers identified that the key to resolving this puzzle is the black hole hair modes: smooth, normalisable, bosonic and fermionic degrees of freedom living outside the horizon. In this paper, we extend their study to N = 4 CHL orbifold models. For these models, the puzzle is more challenging due to the presence of the twisted sectors. We identify hair modes in the untwisted as well as twisted sectors. We show that after removing the contributions of the hair modes from the microscopic partition functions, the 4d and 5d horizon partition functions agree. Special care is taken to present details on the smoothness analysis of hair modes for rotating black holes, thereby filling an essential gap in the literature.
description: 64 pages, no figures, 4 tables; v2: typos corrected + ref and note added + discussions added/improved in section 7, version to appear in JHEP; v3: typos corrected + refs added; v4: table 3 + two paragraphs in section 7.1 corrected, footnote 8 added, supersedes published version
HAMLET: A Hierarchical Agent-based Machine Learning Platform
Creators: name: Esmaeili, Ahmad
name: Gallagher, John C.
name: Springer, John A.
name: Matson, Eric T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hierarchical Multi-Agent Systems provide convenient and relevant ways to analyze, model, and simulate complex systems composed of a large number of entities that interact at different levels of abstraction. In this paper, we introduce HAMLET (Hierarchical Agent-based Machine LEarning plaTform), a hybrid machine learning platform based on hierarchical multi-agent systems, to facilitate the research and democratization of geographically and/or locally distributed machine learning entities. The proposed system models a machine learning solutions as a hypergraph and autonomously sets up a multi-level structure of heterogeneous agents based on their innate capabilities and learned skills. HAMLET aids the design and management of machine learning systems and provides analytical capabilities for research communities to assess the existing and/or new algorithms/datasets through flexible and customizable queries. The proposed hybrid machine learning platform does not assume restrictions on the type of learning algorithms/datasets and is theoretically proven to be sound and complete with polynomial computational requirements. Additionally, it is examined empirically on 120 training and four generalized batch testing tasks performed on 24 machine learning algorithms and 9 standard datasets. The provided experimental results not only establish confidence in the platform's consistency and correctness but also demonstrate its testing and analytical capacity.
A statistical inference approach to time-delay interferometry for gravitational-wave detection
Creators: name: Baghi, Quentin
name: Thorpe, James Ira
name: Slutsky, Jacob
name: Baker, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The future space-based gravitational wave observatory LISA will consist of a constellation of three spacecraft in a triangular constellation, connected by laser interferometers with 2.5 million-kilometer arms. Among other challenges, the success of the mission strongly depends on the quality of the cancellation of laser frequency noise, whose power lies eight orders of magnitude above the gravitational signal. The standard technique to perform noise removal is time-delay interferometry (TDI). TDI constructs linear combinations of delayed phasemeter measurements tailored to cancel laser noise terms. Previous work has demonstrated the relationship between TDI and principal component analysis (PCA). We build on this idea to develop an extension of TDI based on a model likelihood that directly depends on the phasemeter measurements. Assuming stationary Gaussian noise, we decompose the measurement covariance using PCA in the frequency domain. We obtain a comprehensive and compact framework that we call PCI for "principal component interferometry," and show that it provides an optimal description of the LISA data analysis problem.
description: More realistic gravitational-wave source used as a case study. Figures 3-7 modified. Rationale and conclusions unchanged
Лебедь, закованный льдом. Эстетические воззрения Стефана Малларме
Creators: name: Маньковская Надежда Борисовна
Publisher: name: Художественная культура
Year: 2020
Subjects: Малларме
эстетика
искусство
поэзия
символ
суггестия
стиль
ритм
прекрасное

description: В статье реконструируется эстетика С. Малларме, внесшего приоритетный вклад в создание теории символизма. В его творчестве органически сочетаются поэзия, метафизика, эстетика и философия искусства. Краеугольный камень его эстетической концепции – понятие суггестии; заслуга теоретической разработки, распространения и систематического его применения принадлежит именно Малларме. Тайну символа как «абсолютной силы» художественного творчества он видит в нацеленности на суггестию – иррационально-мистическое внушение, чья специфика – указывать, не определяя, но создавая аллюзии, цель – вызывать и длить эстетическую эмоцию, а отнюдь не передавать конкретное сообщение. Суггестия в его понимании – язык соответствий мира идей, души и природы. Поэзия для Малларме – идеал духовной деятельности, восхождение от мира земного к воображаемому миру идей. Путь такого восхождения – не рассудочно-умозрительный, а интуитивно-бессознательный, что предопределяет стилистический герметизм его поэтического языка, повышенный интерес к ритмической организации стиха, проблематике синтеза искусств и синестезии в тотальном произведении искусства. Эстетические воззрения Малларме органически сопряжены с созданием им новой суггестивной поэзии – дерзкой, беспрецедентной, более чем за полтора века предвосхитившей опыты леттризма и концептуальной поэзии, а также экспериментальных стихотворений в прозе.
Проблемы символизма в интерпретации Валентины Крючковой
Creators: name: Светлов Игорь Евгеньевич
Publisher: name: Художественная культура
Year: 2020
Subjects: символизм
образ
эмоциональное состояние
метафора
природа
цвет
плоскостность
объем
творческий диапазон
наблюдение
поэтический взгляд.

description: Валентина Крючкова вывела на новый уровень изучение в нашем искусствознании проблем искусства европейского символизма. Ее книга «Символизм в изобразительном искусстве. Франция и Бельгия 1870– 1900 гг.», опубликованная в 1994 году, до сих пор не в полной мере осознана как прорыв в решении дискуссионных теоретических проблем, понимании символизма как духовно-философской категории и одновременно противостоящего рационализму живого искательства. Индивидуально и смело, обращаясь к разным традициям, анализирует автор варианты метафорического мышления таких известных представителей европейской живописи рубежа ХIХ–ХХ веков, как О. Редон, П. Пюви де Шаванн, Г. Моро, Э. Карьер, демонстрируя, как часто их творческие открытия были вдохновлены встречей с жизнью и природой. Глубоко раскрываются В. Крючковой связи символизма с разными эпохами в истории искусства, прежде всего с античностью и средневековьем. Вместе с тем, отвергая представление о символизме как о жесткой системе образов и настроений, она принципиально расширила круг имен, обогативших его художественный мир.
A LCMT1-PME-1 methylation equilibrium controls mitotic spindle size
Creators: name: Xiaoyu Xia
name: Ankur Gholkar
name: Senese, Silvia
name: Torres, Jorge Z
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Leucine carboxyl methyltransferase-1 (LCMT1) and protein phosphatase methylesterase-1 (PME-1) are essential enzymes that regulate the methylation of the protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit (PP2AC). LCMT1 and PME-1 have been linked to the regulation of cell growth and proliferation, but the underlying mechanisms have remained elusive. We show here an important role for an LCMT1-PME-1 methylation equilibrium in controlling mitotic spindle size. Depletion of LCMT1 or overexpression of PME-1 led to long spindles. In contrast, depletion of PME-1, pharmacological inhibition of PME-1 or overexpression of LCMT1 led to short spindles. Furthermore, perturbation of the LCMT1-PME-1 methylation equilibrium led to mitotic arrest, spindle assembly checkpoint activation, defective cell divisions, induction of apoptosis and reduced cell viability. Thus, we propose that the LCMT1-PME-1 methylation equilibrium is critical for regulating mitotic spindle size and thereby proper cell division.
«Культурные индустрии» как часть публичной сферы: трансформация форм соучастия
Creators: name: Новикова Анна Алексеевна
Publisher: name: Художественная культура
Year: 2020
Subjects: культурные индустрии
публичная сфера
культура соучастия
медиапроекты для музеев
цифровое кураторство.

description: Современный этап развития культурных индустрий определяется двумя факторами. Во-первых, активной цифровизацией произведений искусства и практик взаимодействия с ним зрителей. Во-вторых, изменением структуры и законов коммуникации в публичной сфере, расширяющей круг платформ, теряющей привычную иерархию и механизмы влияния. В этой ситуации важно взглянуть на историю развития культурных индустрий через призму современной «культуры соучастия». В статье рассматривается трансформация исследовательских подходов к проблеме взаимоотношений искусства и медиа, процессу медиатизации художественных практик, а также изменению роли художественного критика и «эмансипированного зрителя» в новой конфигурации публичной сферы. Анализ современных музейных, выставочных и театральных проектов с точки зрения использования в них ресурса медиакоммуникаций позволяет нам рассматривать цифровое кураторство как способ воздействия на аудиторию, дающий возможность менять не только художественные, но и социальные установки через использование культурных индустрий как инструмента «мягкой силы».
Влияние местных культур и строительных традиций на архитектуру крымских усадеб конца XVIII – начала XX века
Creators: name: Нащокина Мария Владимировна
Publisher: name: Художественная культура
Year: 2020
Subjects: усадьбы Крыма
местные архитектурные традиции
восточные мотивы
дворец в Бахчисарае
фонтаны «себиль»
местная топонимика
этнография Крыма
архитектор Н.П. Краснов
Ливадийский дворец

description: Взаимосвязи русских усадеб в Крыму с местными архитектурными традициями представляют интерес для понимания более общей проблемы – взаимодействия культуры России с культурами населявших ее народов. Древняя земля Крыма с конца XVIII века привлекла внимание русской аристократии, начавшей строить на морских берегах усадебные комплексы, в которых находили отражение местные архитектурные традиции. Наиболее важными источниками усадебных образов стали крымско-татарское архитектурное наследие, дополненное самыми разнообразными восточными мотивами, и античное наследие, известное больше по памятникам Италии и Греции. Эти формы соседствовали в крымских усадьбах до начала XX века.
Unsupervised Clustering and Performance Prediction of Vortex Wakes from Bio-inspired Propulsors
Creators: name: Calvet, Alejandro G.
name: Dave, Mukul
name: Franck, Jennifer A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An unsupervised machine learning strategy is developed to automatically cluster the vortex wakes of bio-inspired propulsors into groups of similar propulsive thrust and efficiency metrics. A pitching and heaving foil is simulated via computational fluid dynamics with $121$ unique kinematics by varying the frequency, heaving amplitude, and pitching amplitude. A Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model is employed to simulate the flow over the oscillating foils at $Re=10^6$, computing the propulsive efficiency, thrust coefficient and the unsteady vorticity wake signature. Using a pairwise Pearson correlation it is found that the Strouhal number most strongly influences the thrust coefficient, whereas the relative angle of attack, defined by both the mid-stroke and maximum have the most significant impact on propulsive efficiency. Next, the various kinematics are automatically clustered into distinct groups exclusively using the vorticity footprint in the wake. A convolutional autoencoder is developed to reduce vortex wake images to their most significant features, and a k-means++ algorithm performs the clustering. The results are assessed by comparing clusters to a thrust versus propulsive efficiency map, which confirms that wakes of similar performance metrics are successfully clustered together. This automated clustering has the potential to identify complex vorticity patterns in the wake and modes of propulsion not easily discerned from traditional classification methods.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
Halide ion effect on the 1H NMR chemical shifts of the residual protons in commonly employed deuterated solvents with tetra-n-butylammonium chloride – Part 2
Creators: name: Assiri, Yousif
name: Shofiur Rahman
name: Georghiou, Paris Elias
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Many 1H NMR spectroscopic studies involving supramolecular binding of tetra-n-butylammonium halides (TBAX) with a variety of molecular receptors have been reported to date. Previously we demonstrated that the reference residual proton signal of the deuterochloroform solvent itself in TBAX solutions shifted downfield in a linear TBAX concentration-dependent relationship. We now report that a similar downfield chemical shift behaviour of the residual protons of other commonly employed deuterated solvents with TBACl can be seen for dichloromethane-d2 and acetonitrile-d3, but in acetone-d6, methanol-d4 and DMSO-d6, upfield shifts are observed. A hypothesis based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) modelling is presented to account for this behaviour.
Abel-Ruffini's Theorem: Complex but Not Complicated!
Creators: name: Ramond, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, using only elementary knowledge of complex numbers, we sketch a proof of the celebrated Abel--Ruffini theorem, which states that the general solution to an algebraic equation of degree five or more cannot be written using radicals, that is, using its coefficients and arithmetic operations $+,-,\times,÷,$ and $\sqrt{\ }$. The present article is written purposely with concise and pedagogical terms and dedicated to students and researchers not familiar with Galois theory, or even group theory in general, which are the usual tools used to prove this remarkable theorem. In particular, the proof is self-contained and gives some insight as to why formulae exist for equations of degree four or less (and how they are constructed), and why they do not for degree five or more.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Joint predictions of multi-modal ride-hailing demands: a deep multi-task multigraph learning-based approach
Creators: name: Ke, Jintao
name: Feng, Siyuan
name: Zhu, Zheng
name: Yang, Hai
name: Ye, Jieping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ride-hailing platforms generally provide various service options to customers, such as solo ride services, shared ride services, etc. It is generally expected that demands for different service modes are correlated, and the prediction of demand for one service mode can benefit from historical observations of demands for other service modes. Moreover, an accurate joint prediction of demands for multiple service modes can help the platforms better allocate and dispatch vehicle resources. Although there is a large stream of literature on ride-hailing demand predictions for one specific service mode, little efforts have been paid towards joint predictions of ride-hailing demands for multiple service modes. To address this issue, we propose a deep multi-task multi-graph learning approach, which combines two components: (1) multiple multi-graph convolutional (MGC) networks for predicting demands for different service modes, and (2) multi-task learning modules that enable knowledge sharing across multiple MGC networks. More specifically, two multi-task learning structures are established. The first one is the regularized cross-task learning, which builds cross-task connections among the inputs and outputs of multiple MGC networks. The second one is the multi-linear relationship learning, which imposes a prior tensor normal distribution on the weights of various MGC networks. Although there are no concrete bridges between different MGC networks, the weights of these networks are constrained by each other and subject to a common prior distribution. Evaluated with the for-hire-vehicle datasets in Manhattan, we show that our propose approach outperforms the benchmark algorithms in prediction accuracy for different ride-hailing modes.
Disruption of Sphingolipid Metabolism Augments Ceramide-Induced Autophagy in Preeclampsia
Creators: name: Melland-Smith, Megan
name: Ermini, Leonardo
name: Chauvin, Sarah
name: Craig-Barnes, Hayley
name: Tagliaferro, Andrea
name: Todros, Tullia
name: Post, Martin
name: Caniggia, Isabella
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Meta Science
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Bioactive sphingolipids including ceramides are involved in a variety of pathophysiological processes by regulating cell death and survival. The objective of the current study was to examine ceramide metabolism in preeclampsia, a serious disorder of pregnancy characterized by oxidative stress and increased trophoblast cell death and autophagy. Maternal circulating and placental ceramide levels quantified by tandem mass spectrometry were elevated in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia. Placental ceramides were elevated due to greater de novo synthesis via high serine palmitoyltransferase activity and reduced lysosomal breakdown via diminished ASAH1 expression caused by TGFB3-induced E2F4 transcriptional repression. SMPD1 activity was reduced; hence, sphingomyelin degradation by SMPD1 did not contribute to elevated ceramide levels in preeclampsia. Oxidative stress triggered similar changes in ceramide levels and acid hydrolase expression in villous explants and trophoblast cells. MALDI-imaging mass spectrometry localized the ceramide increases to the trophophoblast layers and syncytial knots of placentae from pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia. ASAH1 inhibition or ceramide treatment induced autophagy in human trophoblast cells via a shift of the BOK-MCL1 rheostat towards prodeath BOK. Pharmacological inhibition of ASAH1 activity in pregnant mice resulted in increased placental ceramide content, abnormal placentation, reduced fetal growth and increased autophagy via a similar shift in the BOK-MCL1 system. Our results reveal that oxidative stress-induced reduction of lysosomal hydrolase activities in combination with elevated de novo synthesis leads to ceramide overload, resulting in increased trophoblast cell autophagy, and typifies preeclampsia as a sphingolipid storage disorder.
New data acquisition system of the Lintott magnetic spectrometer at the S-DALINAC
Creators: name: Singer, M.
name: Bonnes, U.
name: D'Alessio, A.
name: Hilcker, M.
name: von Neumann-Cosel, P.
name: Pietralla, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new data acquisition system for the high resolution magnetic spectrometer Lintott at the superconducting Darmstadt electron linear accelerator S-DALINAC was developed. It allows inclusive and coincidence electron scattering experiments with event rates up to 10 kHz.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
Saturation effects in SIDIS at very forward rapidities
Creators: name: Iancu, E.
name: Mueller, A. H.
name: Triantafyllopoulos, D. N.
name: Wei, S. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the dipole picture for electron-nucleus deep inelastic scattering at small Bjorken $x$, we study the effects of gluon saturation in the nuclear target on the cross-section for SIDIS (single inclusive hadron, or jet, production). We argue that the sensitivity of this process to gluon saturation can be enhanced by tagging on a hadron (or jet) which carries a large fraction $z \simeq 1$ of the longitudinal momentum of the virtual photon. This opens the possibility to study gluon saturation in relatively hard processes, where the virtuality $Q^2$ is (much) larger than the target saturation momentum $Q_s^2$, but such that $z(1-z)Q^2\lesssim Q_s^2$. Working in the limit $z(1-z)Q^2\ll Q_s^2$, we predict new phenomena which would signal saturation in the SIDIS cross-section. For sufficiently low transverse momenta $k_\perp\ll Q_s$ of the produced particle, the dominant contribution comes from elastic scattering in the black disk limit, which exposes the unintegrated quark distribution in the virtual photon. For larger momenta $k_\perp\gtrsim Q_s$, inelastic collisions take the leading role. They explore gluon saturation via multiple scattering, leading to a Gaussian distribution in $k_\perp$ centred around $Q_s$. When $z(1-z)Q^2\ll Q^2$, this results in a Cronin peak in the nuclear modification factor (the $R_{pA}$ ratio) at moderate values of $x$. With decreasing $x$, this peak is washed out by the high-energy evolution and replaced by nuclear suppression ($R_{pA}<1$) up to large momenta $k_\perp\gg Q_s$. Still for $z(1-z)Q^2\ll Q_s^2$, we also compute SIDIS cross-sections integrated over $k_\perp$. We find that both elastic and inelastic scattering are controlled by the black disk limit, so they yield similar contributions, of zeroth order in the QCD coupling.
description: 53 pages, 13 figures, 6 appendices. New appendix on double-logarithmic corrections, 2 additional figures and minor corrections. Published in JHEP
Caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1) vaginal infection of goats: clinical efficacy of fig latex
Creators: name: Camero, Michele
name: Mariarosaria Marinaro
name: Losurdo, Michele
name: Larocca, Vittorio
name: Buonavoglia, Canio
name: Tempesta, Maria
name: Bodnar, Livia
name: Patruno, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry

description: The latex of Ficus carica Linn. (Moraceae) has been shown to interfere with the replication of caprine herpesvirus (CpHV)-1 in vitro. The present study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of vaginal administration of fig latex in goats experimentally infected with CpHV-1. The fig latex reduced the clinical signs of the herpetic disease although it slightly influenced the titres of CpHV-1 shed. Thus, the fig latex maintained a partial efficacy in vivo.
Современные социальные фотопроекты в медиа-пространстве: эстетика и смыслы
Creators: name: Юргенева Александра Львовна
Publisher: name: Художественная культура
Year: 2020
Subjects: социальная фотография
телесность
интернет-СМИ
социальные сети
культурная травма
фоторепортаж
флешмоб

description: В статье анализируются современные социальные фотопроекты, отличительной чертой которых является специфическое взаимодействие с аудиторией, которое во многом определяется их активным существованием в интернет-среде. Здесь тяжелые, часто натуралистичные материалы фотопроектов на остросоциальные темы оказываются вовлеченными в сферу досугового и развлекательного контента. По мнению авторов, этот факт заставляет выделиться негативной стороне подобных фотопроектов. Выполняя задачу продвижения идей толерантности, гуманности и активной социальной позиции, они становятся обширной частью того избыточного информационного фона, который оказывает ежедневное воздействие на человека и вводит его в состояние перманентной тревожности и эмоциональной истощенности.
Эскиз к портрету М.А. Балакирева (по материалам личной библиотеки и архива композитора)
Creators: name: Зайцева Татьяна Андреевна
Publisher: name: Художественная культура
Year: 2020
Subjects: личная библиотека Балакирева
либретто
оперные замыслы
драматургический сценарий

description: Основа нового знания о Балакиреве – материалы архивов, остающиеся мало иccледованными. В их числе – библиотека композитора. Ее изучение позволяет опровергнуть легенды о Балакиреве, имевшие длительное широкое хождение, осветить неизвестные страницы его творческой биографии, прояснить загадки нелегкого творческого пути мастера. В числе таковых – облик Балакирева – оперного драматурга. Благодаря архивным разысканиям найден рукописный «Каталог книг М.А. Балакирева», составленный Ю.С. Ляпуновым, введены в научный обиход ряд либретто, книг, нот из балакиревского собрания. Анализ этих материалов в совокупности с перепиской мастера позволил выделить в его коллекции специальный раздел, посвященный либретто. Даты их изданий доказывают, что композитор испытывал долголетний интерес к драматургии опер. В этом ключе рассматриваются взаимоотношения Балакирева и Р. Вагнера, влияние которого на главу «Могучей кучки» оказалось значительней, чем считалось ранее. Расширен круг возможных оперных замыслов самого Балакирева. Параллельно затрагивается вопрос о причинах отбора им либретто, в частности – «Орлеанской девы» Чайковского. Как показано в статье, мастер отбирал подходящие сюжеты не только для себя, но и для своих учеников. И – много шире: глава Новой русской школы задумывался о развитии мирового оперного искусства, прозорливо намечая пути в будущее.
Profiling Water-Soluble Organic Matter from Urban Aerosols Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography
Creators: name: Matos, João T. V.
name: Freire, Sandra M. S. C.
name: Duarte, Regina M. B. O.
name: Duarte, Armando C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Science
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC×LC) coupled with a diode array detector (DAD) has been used for the first time to investigate chemical heterogeneity and map the hydrophobicity versus molecular weight distribution of the most hydrophobic acid fractions in water-soluble organic matter (WSOM) from fine atmospheric aerosols collected over different seasons at a urban location. The use of LC×LC–DAD, combining the use of two independent separation mechanisms (per aqueous liquid chromatography [PALC] versus size-exclusion chromatography [SEC]), has shown a great potential for unraveling and resolving the heterogeneity of WSOM, further providing a deeper insight into how size-distinguished aerosol WSOM fractions differ in hydrophobicity during different seasonal events. The combination of PALC×SEC–DAD data with an already proposed data treatment procedure revealed that the WSOM samples collected during warm seasons are enriched in aliphatic structures, while those collected during colder seasons exhibit a higher degree of structures with conjugation of π-bonds (e.g., aromatics) alongside aliphatic structures. Copyright 2015 American Association for Aerosol Research
Comparative effects of indole derivatives as antifouling agents on the growth of two marine diatom species
Creators: name: Wenjun Sun
name: Cuiyun Yang
name: Sujing Liu
name: Chuanhai Xia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology

description: Antifouling agents, used to prevent biofouling, need to be assessed for their impacts on marine organisms and environment before the application. Diatoms are one of the main components of fouling biofilms, which play important roles in the formation of biofouling. Particularly, diatoms are also the important ingredients of primary production and present interest as ecotoxicological models in marine environment. In this study, two benthic diatoms Nitzschia closterium f. minutissima and Navicula climacospheniae, widely distributed in fouling biofilm, were used as models for screening the activities of potential antifoulants. Nine indole derivatives were tested and CuSO4 was used as a reference. Indole derivatives showed significant anti-algal activities and the EC50 values of most indole derivatives were lower than that of CuSO4. Halogen substituent enhanced the anti-algal activities of compounds, and the most efficient compounds for N. closterium f. minutissima were gramine and 7-chloroindole with the EC50 values of 1.94 and 2.1 mg/L, while for N. climacospheniae, 7-chloroindole and 6-bromoindole were the most efficient and the EC50 values were 3.91 and 4.25 mg/L, respectively. In conclusion, indole derivatives would be one of the promising candidates as antifoulants and our results strengthened the need to perform antifouling activity assays and environment-friendly evaluations.
Comprehensive test of the Brink-Axel hypothesis in the energy region of the pygmy dipole resonance
Creators: name: Markova, M.
name: von Neumann-Cosel, P.
name: Larsen, A. C.
name: Bassauer, S.
name: Görgen, A.
name: Guttormsen, M.
name: Garrote, F. L. Bello
name: Berg, H. C.
name: Bjørøen, M. M.
name: Dahl-Jacobsen, T.
name: Eriksen, T. K.
name: Gjestvang, D.
name: Isaak, J.
name: Mbabane, M.
name: Paulsen, W.
name: Pedersen, L. G.
name: Pettersen, N. I. J.
name: Richter, A.
name: Sahin, E.
name: Scholz, P.
name: Siem, S.
name: Tveten, G. M.
name: Valsdottir, V. M.
name: Wiedeking, M.
name: Zeiser, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The validity of the Brink-Axel hypothesis, which is especially important for numerous astrophysical calculations, is addressed for 116,120,124Sn below the neutron separation energy by means of three independent experimental methods. The $γ$-ray strength functions (GSFs) extracted from primary $γ$-decay spectra following charged-particle reactions with the Oslo method and with the Shape method demonstrate excellent agreement with those deduced from forward-angle inelastic proton scattering at relativistic beam energies. In addition, the GSFs are shown to be independent of excitation energies and spins of the initial and final states. The results provide a critical test of the generalized Brink-Axel hypothesis in heavy nuclei, demonstrating its applicability in the energy region of the pygmy dipole resonance.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Phys. Rev. Lett. (in press)
Mesh Reconstruction from Aerial Images for Outdoor Terrain Mapping Using Joint 2D-3D Learning
Creators: name: Feng, Qiaojun
name: Atanasov, Nikolay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses outdoor terrain mapping using overhead images obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle. Dense depth estimation from aerial images during flight is challenging. While feature-based localization and mapping techniques can deliver real-time odometry and sparse points reconstruction, a dense environment model is generally recovered offline with significant computation and storage. This paper develops a joint 2D-3D learning approach to reconstruct local meshes at each camera keyframe, which can be assembled into a global environment model. Each local mesh is initialized from sparse depth measurements. We associate image features with the mesh vertices through camera projection and apply graph convolution to refine the mesh vertices based on joint 2-D reprojected depth and 3-D mesh supervision. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations using real aerial images show the potential of our method to support environmental monitoring and surveillance applications.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures. Accepted at ICRA 2021
$L^p$-Convergence Rate of Backward Euler Schemes for Monotone SDEs
Creators: name: Liu, Zhihui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a unified method to derive the strong convergence rate of the backward Euler scheme for monotone SDEs in $L^p(Ω)$-norm, with general $p \ge 4$. The results are applied to the backward Euler scheme of SODEs with polynomial growth coefficients. We also generalize the argument to the Galerkin-based backward Euler scheme of SPDEs with polynomial growth coefficients driven by multiplicative trace-class noise.
Strandoceras Flower 1946
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Discosorida
Protophragmoceratidae
Strandoceras

description: Genus Strandoceras Flower, 1946
Type species
Protophragmoceras tyriense Strand, 1934, Stavnestangen, Ringerike, Norway, Gastropod Limestone, late Katian, Late Ordovician; by original designation.
Diagnosis
Strongly compressed cyrtocones with narrowly rounded venter; in conch cross section shallow longitudinal furrow at left and right flank in direct vicinity of siphuncle; siphuncle close to concave margin of conch; sutures with shallow lateral lobe and acute ventral saddle; septal necks are short cyrtochoanitic; connecting ring thick, strongly expanded within chambers; aperture is open with shallow peristomal saddle at flank. (Adopted from Kröger 2007.)
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2013, The cephalopods of the Boda Limestone, Late Ordovician, of Dalarna, Sweden, pp. 1-110 in European Journal of Taxonomy 41 on page 16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2013.41, http://zenodo.org/record/3814221
Balanced metrics for Kähler-Ricci solitons and quantized Futaki invariants
Creators: name: Ioos, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that a Kähler-Ricci soliton on a Fano manifold can always be smoothly approximated by a sequence of relative anticanonically balanced metrics, also called quantized Kähler-Ricci solitons. The proof uses a semiclassical estimate on the spectral gap of an equivariant Berezin transform to extend a strategy due to Donaldson, and can be seen as the quantization of a method due to Tian and Zhu, using quantized Futaki invariants as obstructions for quantized Kähler-Ricci solitons. As corollaries, we recover the uniqueness of Kähler-Ricci solitons up to automorphisms, and show how our result also applies to Kähler-Einstein Fano manifolds with general automorphism group.
description: 53 pages, published version
Enquire One's Parent and Child Before Decision: Fully Exploit Hierarchical Structure for Self-Supervised Taxonomy Expansion
Creators: name: Wang, Suyuchen
name: Zhao, Ruihui
name: Chen, Xi
name: Zheng, Yefeng
name: Liu, Bang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Taxonomy is a hierarchically structured knowledge graph that plays a crucial role in machine intelligence. The taxonomy expansion task aims to find a position for a new term in an existing taxonomy to capture the emerging knowledge in the world and keep the taxonomy dynamically updated. Previous taxonomy expansion solutions neglect valuable information brought by the hierarchical structure and evaluate the correctness of merely an added edge, which downgrade the problem to node-pair scoring or mini-path classification. In this paper, we propose the Hierarchy Expansion Framework (HEF), which fully exploits the hierarchical structure's properties to maximize the coherence of expanded taxonomy. HEF makes use of taxonomy's hierarchical structure in multiple aspects: i) HEF utilizes subtrees containing most relevant nodes as self-supervision data for a complete comparison of parental and sibling relations; ii) HEF adopts a coherence modeling module to evaluate the coherence of a taxonomy's subtree by integrating hypernymy relation detection and several tree-exclusive features; iii) HEF introduces the Fitting Score for position selection, which explicitly evaluates both path and level selections and takes full advantage of parental relations to interchange information for disambiguation and self-correction. Extensive experiments show that by better exploiting the hierarchical structure and optimizing taxonomy's coherence, HEF vastly surpasses the prior state-of-the-art on three benchmark datasets by an average improvement of 46.7% in accuracy and 32.3% in mean reciprocal rank.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. To appear in The Web Conference (WWW) 2021
Kiaeroceras Strand 1934
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Discosorida
Protophragmoceratidae
Kiaeroceras

description: Genus Kiaeroceras Strand, 1934
Type species
Kiaeroceras frognoyense Strand, 1934, Frognøya, Ringerike, Norway, Sørbakken Formation, late Katian, Late Ordovician; by original designation.
Diagnosis
Slender brevicones with ovate compressed cross section; a mature body chamber with pronounced constriction somewhat adapical of the peristome; aperture with deep and broad hyponomic sinus; sutures with lateral lobes and pronounced saddle on prosiphuncular side; siphuncle close to conch margin, with broadly expanded siphuncular segments, with prominent bulletes. (Adopted from Strand 1934.)
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2013, The cephalopods of the Boda Limestone, Late Ordovician, of Dalarna, Sweden, pp. 1-110 in European Journal of Taxonomy 41 on page 14, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2013.41, http://zenodo.org/record/3814221