cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
STAR Highlights
Creators: name: Masui, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report selected results from STAR collaboration at RHIC, focusing on jet-hadron and jet-like correlations, quarkonium suppression and collectivity, di-electron spectrum in both p+p and Au+Au, and higher moments of net-protons as well as azimuthal anisotropy from RHIC Beam Energy Scan program.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, proceedings for the Quark Matter 2011 conference
Gregory-Laflamme instability of a slowly rotating black string
Creators: name: Yoo, Chul-Moon
name: Tanzawa, Sugure
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Gregory-Laflamme instability of a 5-dimensional slowly rotating black string in which the 4-dimensional section is described by the Kerr black hole. We treat the rotation in a perturbative way introducing a small parameter for the rotation. It is found that rotation makes the Gregory-Laflamme instability stronger. Both the critical wavelength at the onset of instability and the growth time-scale are found to decrease as the rotation increases.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure
The metallicity of the nebula surrounding the ultra-luminous X-ray source NGC 1313 X-2
Creators: name: Ripamonti, E.
name: Mapelli, M.
name: Zampieri, L.
name: Colpi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent models of the formation of ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs) predict that they preferentially form in low-metallicity environments. We look at the metallicity of the nebula surrounding NGC 1313 X-2, one of the best-studied ULXs. Simple estimates, based on the extrapolation of the metallicity gradient within NGC 1313, or on empirical calibrations (relating metallicity to strong oxygen lines) suggest a quite low metal content (Z ~ 0.1 Zsun). But such estimates do not account for the remarkably strong X-ray flux irradiating the nebula. Then, we build photoionization models of the nebula using CLOUDY; using such models, the constraints on the metallicity weaken substantially, as we find 0.15 Zsun <= Z <= 0.5 Zsun.
description: 4 pages. Accepted for publication in the Astronomische Nachrichten, to appear in the proceedings of the conference "Ultra-Luminous X-ray sources and Middle Weight Black Holes" (Madrid, May 24-26, 2010)
Ocean Bottom Pressure Variability: Can It Be Reliably Modeled?
Creators: name: Androsov, Alexey
name: Boebel, Olaf
name: Schröter, Jens
name: Danilov, Sergey
name: Macrander, Andreas
name: Ivanciu, Ioana
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Ocean bottom pressure (OBP) variability serves as a proxy of ocean mass variability, the knowledge of which is needed in geophysical applications. The question of how well it can be modeled by the present general ocean circulation models on time scales in excess of 1 day is addressed here by comparing the simulated OBP variability with the observed one. To this end, a new multiyear data set is used, obtained with an array of bottom pressure gauges deployed deeply along a transect across the Southern Ocean. We present a brief description of OBP data and show large-scale correlations over several thousand kilometers at all time scales using daily and monthly averaged data. Annual and semiannual cycles are weak. Close to the Agulhas Retroflection, signals of up to 30 cm equivalent water height are detected. Further south, signals are mostly intermittent and noisy. It is shown that the models simulate consistent patterns of bottom pressure variability on monthly and longer scales except for areas with high mesoscale eddy activity, where high resolution is needed to capture the variability due to eddies. Furthermore, despite good agreement in the amplitude of variability, the in situ and simulated OBP show only modest correlation.
Natural Resources and Users Benefit from the Conservation Reserve Program
Creators: name: Ribaudo, Marc O.
name: Colacicco, Daniel
name: Langner, Linda L.
name: Piper, Steven
name: Schaible, Glenn D.
name: Ribaudo, Marc O.
name: Colacicco, Daniel
name: Langner, Linda L.
name: Piper, Steven
name: Schaible, Glenn D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Conservation Reserve Program
subject: land retirement program
subject: natural resources
subject: erosion
subject: soil productivity
subject: water quality
subject: air quality
subject: wildlife habitat
subject: groundwater supply

description: The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) may generate $6-$14 billion (present value) in benefits to natural resources if 45 million acres of highly erodible or environmentally sensitive cropland are removed from agricultural production by 1990. Protecting the soil by retiring and planting permanent grasses and trees on such land for 10 years will improve soil productivity, water quality, air quality, wildlife habitat, and groundwater supply. But the magnitude and distribution of benefits can be altered by changing the emphasis of the program. This report estimates how retiring cropland benefits natural resources under three scenarios of CRP enrollment.
Influence of Mercury's Exosphere on the Structure of the Magnetosphere
Creators: name: Exner, Willi
name: Simon, Sven
name: Heyner, Daniel
name: Motschmann, Uwe
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Mercury is embedded in a tenuous and highly anisotropic sodium exosphere, generated mainly by plasma-surface interactions. The absolute values of the sodium ion density are still under debate. Observations by MESSENGER's Fast Imaging Plasma Spectrometer (FIPS) instrument suggest the density of exospheric ions to be several orders of magnitude lower than the upstream solar wind density, indicating that the sodium exosphere has no substantial influence on the magnetospheric current systems. However, MESSENGER magnetic field observations of field line resonances revealed sodium ion densities comparable to the upstream solar wind density. To investigate how a dense exosphere would affect the current systems within Mercury's magnetosphere, we apply an established hybrid (kinetic ions, fluid electrons) model and conduct multiple model runs with gradually increasing exospheric density, ranging from no sodium ions at all to comet-like configurations. We demonstrate how a sufficiently dense exosphere leads to self-shielding of the sodium ion population from the ambient electric field and a significant inflation and symmetrization of Mercury's magnetosphere, which is decreasingly affected by the dipole offset. Once the sodium ion density is sufficiently high, Region 2 field-aligned currents emerge close to the planet. The modeled Region 2 currents are located below the orbit of MESSENGER, thereby providing a possible explanation for the absence of these currents in observations. The sodium exosphere also closes a significant fraction of the Region 1 currents through Pedersen and Hall currents before the “guiding” magnetic field lines even reach the planetary surface. The modeled sodium ion and solar wind densities agree well with observations.
Use of Markov Chains to Design an Agent Bidding Strategy for Continuous Double Auctions
Creators: name: Birmingham, W. P.
name: Durfee, E. H.
name: Park, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As computational agents are developed for increasingly complicated e-commerce applications, the complexity of the decisions they face demands advances in artificial intelligence techniques. For example, an agent representing a seller in an auction should try to maximize the seller's profit by reasoning about a variety of possibly uncertain pieces of information, such as the maximum prices various buyers might be willing to pay, the possible prices being offered by competing sellers, the rules by which the auction operates, the dynamic arrival and matching of offers to buy and sell, and so on. A naive application of multiagent reasoning techniques would require the seller's agent to explicitly model all of the other agents through an extended time horizon, rendering the problem intractable for many realistically-sized problems. We have instead devised a new strategy that an agent can use to determine its bid price based on a more tractable Markov chain model of the auction process. We have experimentally identified the conditions under which our new strategy works well, as well as how well it works in comparison to the optimal performance the agent could have achieved had it known the future. Our results show that our new strategy in general performs well, outperforming other tractable heuristic strategies in a majority of experiments, and is particularly effective in a 'seller?s market', where many buy offers are available.
Vertical profiles of aerosol mass concentration derived by unmanned airborne in situ and remote sensing instruments during dust events
Creators: name: Mamali, Dimitra
name: Marinou, Eleni
name: Sciare, Jean
name: Pikridas, Michael
name: Kokkalis, Panagiotis
name: Kottas, Michael
name: Binietoglou, Ioannis
name: Tsekeri, Alexandra
name: Keleshis, Christos
name: Engelmann, Ronny
name: Baars, Holger
name: Ansmann, Albert
name: Amiridis, Vassilis
name: Russchenberg, Herman
name: Biskos, George
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: accuracy assessment
subject: aerosol
subject: airborne survey
subject: climate modeling
subject: climate signal
subject: concentration (composition)
subject: dust
subject: in situ measurement
subject: instrumentation
subject: lidar
subject: remote sensing
subject: unmanned vehicle
subject: vertical profile
subject: 550

description: In situ measurements using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and remote sensing observations can independently provide dense vertically resolved measurements of atmospheric aerosols, information which is strongly required in climate models. In both cases, inverting the recorded signals to useful information requires assumptions and constraints, and this can make the comparison of the results difficult. Here we compare, for the first time, vertical profiles of the aerosol mass concentration derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) observations and in situ measurements using an optical particle counter on board a UAV during moderate and weak Saharan dust episodes. Agreement between the two measurement methods was within experimental uncertainty for the coarse mode (i.e. particles having radii > 0.5 μm), where the properties of dust particles can be assumed with good accuracy. This result proves that the two techniques can be used interchangeably for determining the vertical profiles of aerosol concentrations, bringing them a step closer towards their systematic exploitation in climate models.
Linear Relationship Between Aftershock Productivity and Seismic Coupling in the Northern Chile Subduction Zone
Creators: name: Hainzl, S.
name: Sippl, C.
name: Schurr, B.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: The aftershock productivity is known to strongly vary for different mainshocks of the same magnitude, which cannot be simply explained by random fluctuations. In addition to variable source mechanisms, different rheological properties might be responsible for the observed variations. Here we show, for the subduction zone of northern Chile, that the aftershock productivity is linearly related to the degree of mechanical coupling along the subduction interface. Using the earthquake catalog of Sippl et al. (2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JB015384), which consists of more than 100,000 events between 2007 and 2014, and three different coupling maps inferred from interseismic geodetic deformation data, we show that the observed aftershock numbers are significantly lower than expected from the Båth's law. Furthermore, the productivity decays systematically with depth in the uppermost 80 km, while the b value increases. We show that this lack of aftershocks and the observed depth dependence can be simply explained by a linear relationship between the productivity and the coupling coefficient, leading to Båth law only in the case of full coupling. Our results indicate that coupling maps might be useful to forecast aftershock productivity and vice versa.
Experimental techniques for the calibration of lidar depolarization channels in EARLINET
Creators: name: Belegante, Livio
name: Bravo-Aranda, Juan Antonio
name: Freudenthaler, Volker
name: Nicolae, Doina
name: Nemuc, Anca
name: Ene, Dragos
name: Alados-Arboledas, Lucas
name: Amodeo, Aldo
name: Pappalardo, Gelsomina
name: D'Amico, Giuseppe
name: Amato, Francesco
name: Engelmann, Ronny
name: Baars, Holger
name: Wandinger, Ulla
name: Papayannis, Alexandros
name: Kokkalis, Panos
name: Pereira, Sérgio N.
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: accuracy assessment
subject: aerosol
subject: calibration
subject: data quality
subject: experimental study
subject: lidar
subject: measurement method
subject: uncertainty analysis
subject: 550

description: Particle depolarization ratio retrieved from lidar measurements are commonly used for aerosol-typing studies, microphysical inversion, or mass concentration retrievals. The particle depolarization ratio is one of the primary parameters that can differentiate several major aerosol components but only if the measurements are accurate enough. The accuracy related to the retrieval of particle depolarization ratios is the driving factor for assessing and improving the uncertainties of the depolarization products. This paper presents different depolarization calibration procedures used to improve the quality of the depolarization data. The results illustrate a significant improvement of the depolarization lidar products for all the selected lidar stations that have implemented depolarization calibration procedures. The calibrated volume and particle depolarization profiles at 532-nm show values that fall within a range that is generally accepted in the literature.
Effect of bonding variation and component combination on dynamic characteristics of compound semi-bonded carbon fiber reinforced elastomeric isolator (CSB-CFREI)
Creators: name: Adib Natanzi, Heshmatollah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Over the past thirty years, seismic isolation has been considered a viable earthquake damage mitigation technique and has been implemented to protect new and existing structures. However, due to the high production cost and implementation challenges of conventional seismic isolators, application of this protective technology has been limited to high value buildings with important and sensitive contents. To ensure widespread application of the base isolation systems for ordinary residential and commercial buildings, especially in developing countries, not only the production cost must be reduced, but the implementation efficiency must improve as well. With this intention in this study, a new cost effective Elevated Semi-Bonded Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Elastomeric Isolator (ESB-CFREI) with lower production cost and higher implementation efficiency is designed, manufactured, and tested. The innovative ESB-CFREI undergoes lateral cyclic excitations with a unique deformation mechanism that differs from that of conventional Steel Reinforced Elastomeric Isolators SREI and Bonded and Un-Bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Elastomeric Isolators. The ESB-CFREI can be used in isolation as an independent “Component Isolator” or combined with other component isolators to form a CESB-CFREI “Compound Isolator.” According to the experimental results, isolators with different bonding levels (BL) are characterized by different overall dynamic characteristics. Depending on component combination configurations, the compound isolators have different average bonding values that result in different damping, effective lateral shear, and axial compression stiffness. Results from experimental tests on different compound isolators demonstrated that change in combination configuration effectively influences the dynamic characteristics of the compound isolator. Dynamic characteristics of component (ESB-CFREI) and compound isolator (CESB-CFREI) as low-cost seismic isolators were investigated by conducting analytical and experimental studies. The isolator’s effective lateral shear and axial compression stiffness along with the isolation efficiency (IE) were defined. The experimental outcome demonstrated the effect of bonding variation on the dynamic characteristics, performance, and efficiency of the ESB-CFREI. The effects of component combination on the dynamic characteristics of the compound isolators were also investigated. Component material testing to investigate the hyper-elastic behaviour of the isolator’s rubber component and long duration excitation tests to study the isolator’s durability and performance were conducted as well.
Engaging Communities in Digital Development for the Native American Languages Collection
Creators: name: Raina Heaton
name: Kavon Hooshiar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: linguistics
language documentation
native americans
language collection

description: Engaging Communities in Digital Development for the Native American Languages Collection

Raina Heaton & Kavon Hooshiar

Presented 7 October 2022 at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities at the Conference Where Do We Need to Go From Here? - Language Documentation and Archiving,  in the UNESCO International Decade of Indigenous Languages
Tropical precipitation influencing boreal winter midlatitude blocking
Creators: name: Gollan, Gereon
name: Bastin, Swantje
name: Greatbatch, Richard J.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Recent studies using reanalysis data and complex models suggest that the Tropics influence midlatitude blocking. Here, the influence of tropical precipitation anomalies is investigated further using a dry dynamical model driven by specified diabatic heating anomalies. The model uses a quasi-realistic setup based on idealized orography and an idealized representation of the land-ocean thermal contrast. Results concerning the El Niño Southern Oscillation and the Madden-Julian Oscillation are mostly consistent with previous studies and emphasize the importance of tropical dynamics for driving the variability of blocking at midlatitudes. It is also shown that a common bias in models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), namely, excessive tropical precipitation, leads to an underestimation of midlatitude blocking in our model, also a common bias in the CMIP5 models. The strongest blocking anomalies associated with the tropical precipitation bias are found over Europe, where the underestimation of blocking in CMIP5 models is also particularly strong.
Spectroscopic Characterisation of 250um-Selected Hyper-Luminous Star Forming Galaxies
Creators: name: Casey, C. M.
name: Chapman, S. C.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Alaghband-Zadeh, S.
name: Bothwell, M. S.
name: Swinbank, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present near-infrared spectroscopic observations from VLT ISAAC of thirteen 250μm-luminous galaxies in the CDF-S, seven of which have confirmed redshifts which average to = 2.0 \pm 0.4. Another two sources of the 13 have tentative z > 1 identifications. Eight of the nine redshifts were identified with Hα detection in H- and K-bands, three of which are confirmed redshifts from previous spectroscopic surveys. We use their near-IR spectra to measure Hα line widths and luminosities, which average to 415 \pm 20 km/s and 3 \times 10^35 W (implying SFR(Hα)~200 M_\odot /yr), both similar to the Hα properties of SMGs. Just like SMGs, 250 μm-luminous galaxies have large Hα to far-infrared (FIR) extinction factors such that the Hα SFRs underestimate the FIR SFRs by ~8-80 times. Far-infrared photometric points from observed 24μm through 870μm are used to constrain the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) even though uncertainty caused by FIR confusion in the BLAST bands is significant. The population has a mean dust temperature of Td = 52 \pm 6 K, emissivity β = 1.73 \pm 0.13, and FIR luminosity LFIR = 3 \times 10^13 L_\odot. Although selection at 250μm allows for the detection of much hotter dust dominated HyLIRGs than SMG selection (at 850μm), we do not find any >60 K 'hot-dust' HyLIRGs. We have shown that near-infrared spectroscopy combined with good photometric redshifts is an efficient way to spectroscopically identify and characterise these rare, extreme systems, hundreds of which are being discovered by the newest generation of IR observatories including the Herschel Space Observatory.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures; Revised with minor corrections from the referee, MNRAS
Circulation and Thermohaline Variability of the Hanna Shoal Region on the Northeastern Chukchi Sea Shelf
Creators: name: Fang, Ying-Chih
name: Weingartner, Thomas J.
name: Dobbins, Elizabeth L.
name: Winsor, Peter
name: Statscewich, Hank
name: Potter, Rachel A.
name: Mudge, Todd D.
name: Stoudt, Chase A.
name: Borg, Keath
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: We analyzed velocity and hydrographic data from 23 moorings in the northeast Chukchi Sea from 2011 to 2014. In most years the eastern side of Hanna Shoal was strongly stratified year-round, while weakly stratified regions prevailed on the shelf south and west of the Shoal. Stratification differences cause differential vertical mixing rates, which in conjunction with advection of different bottom water properties resulted in seasonally varying along-isobath density gradients. In agreement with numerical models, we find that bottom waters flow anticyclonically around the Shoal. Whereas most of the shelf responded barotropically to wind-forcing, there was a strong baroclinic component to the flow field northeast of Hanna Shoal, resulting in no net vertically integrated transport on average. In contrast there is a net eastward transport from west of the Shoal, which implies convergence north of the Shoal. Convergence and along-isobath density gradients may foster cross-shelf exchange north of Hanna Shoal. Modal analyses indicate that the shelf south of the Shoal and Barrow Canyon responded coherently to local and remote winds, whereas the wind-current response around Hanna Shoal was less coherent. Barotropic topographic waves, of ~3-day period, were generated episodically northeast of the Shoal and propagate clockwise around Hanna Shoal, but are blocked from entering Barrow Canyon and are possibly scattered by the horizontally sheared flow and converging isobaths on the western side of the Shoal. Analysis of water properties on the western side of Hanna Shoal suggests that these include contributions from the western and southern portions of the Chukchi Sea.
Concentrating Energy by Measurement
Creators: name: Beige, Almut
name: Capolupo, Antonio
name: Kurcz, Andreas
name: Del Giudice, Emilio
name: Vitiello, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent article [A. Kurcz et al., Phys. Rev. A 81, 063821 (2010)] we predicted an energy concentrating mechanism in composite quantum systems. Its result is a non-zero stationary state photon emission rate even in the absence of external driving. Here we discuss the possible origin of the predicted effect. We attribute it to the presence of a non-trivial interaction between different system components and to repeated environment-induced photon measurements.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Controlling Through-Space and Through-Bond Exchange Pathways in Bis-Cobaltocenes for Molecular Spintronics†
Creators: name: Puhl, Sarah
name: Steenbock, Torben
name: Herrmann, Carmen
name: Heck, Jürgen
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Abstract Pinching molecules via chemical strain suggests intuitive consequences, such as compression at the pinched site and clothespin-like opening of other parts of the structure. If this opening affects two spin centers, it should result in reduced communication between them. We show that for naphthalene-bridged biscobaltocenes with competing through-space and through-bond pathways, the consequences of pinching are far less intuitive: despite the known dominance of through-space interactions, the bridge plays a much larger role for exchange spin coupling than previously assumed. Based on a combination of chemical synthesis, structural, magnetic, and redox characterization, and a newly developed theoretical pathway analysis, we can suggest a comprehensive explanation for this non-intuitive behavior. These results are of interest for molecular spintronics, as naphthalene-linked cobaltocenes can form wires on surfaces for potential spin-only information transfer.
A Review of Vertical Organic Transistors
Creators: name: Kleemann, Hans
name: Krechan, Kevin
name: Fischer, Axel
name: Leo, Karl
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Abstract Powerful electronic devices require performant short-channel transistors. For organic electronics, though, promising low-cost and flexible electronic circuits, high processing costs for short channel devices are not acceptable. In this regard, vertical organic transistors (VOTs) are an attractive alternative, and in fact, today they reach the highest transition frequency (40 MHz) and the highest footprint current density (>1 MA cm−2) among all organic transistors. Here, all VOT concepts are reviewed, while discussing device physics, integration approaches, and highlighting the recent developments. The upcoming challenges for the VOT technology are also presented with a guideline for further developments.
Stability of spin-orbit coupled Fermi gases with population imbalance
Creators: name: Iskin, M.
name: Subasi, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the self-consistent mean-field theory to analyze the effects of Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling (SOC) on the ground-state phase diagram of population-imbalanced Fermi gases throughout the BCS-BEC evolution. We find that the SOC and population imbalance are counteracting, and that this competition tends to stabilize the uniform superfluid phase against the phase separation. However, we also show that the SOC stabilizes (destabilizes) the uniform superfluid phase against the normal phase for low (high) population imbalances. In addition, we find topological quantum phase transitions associated with the appearance of momentum space regions with zero quasiparticle energies, and study their signatures in the momentum distribution.
description: 4+ pages with 3 figures; to appear in PRL
First-Order System Least Squares and the Energetic Variational Approach for Two-Phase Flow
Creators: name: Adler, J. H.
name: Brannick, J.
name: Liu, C.
name: Manteuffel, T.
name: Zikatanov, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper develops a first-order system least-squares (FOSLS) formulation for equations of two-phase flow. The main goal is to show that this discretization, along with numerical techniques such as nested iteration, algebraic multigrid, and adaptive local refinement, can be used to solve these types of complex fluid flow problems. In addition, from an energetic variational approach, it can be shown that an important quantity to preserve in a given simulation is the energy law. We discuss the energy law and inherent structure for two-phase flow using the Allen-Cahn interface model and indicate how it is related to other complex fluid models, such as magnetohydrodynamics. Finally, we show that, using the FOSLS framework, one can still satisfy the appropriate energy law globally while using well-known numerical techniques.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures submitted to Journal of Computational Physics
Tunable Thermoelastic Anisotropy in Hybrid Bragg Stacks with Extreme Polymer Confinement
Creators: name: Wang, Zuyuan
name: Rolle, Konrad
name: Schilling, Theresa
name: Hummel, Patrick
name: Philipp, Alexandra
name: Kopera, Bernd A. F.
name: Lechner, Anna M.
name: Retsch, Markus
name: Breu, Josef
name: Fytas, George
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Abstract Controlling thermomechanical anisotropy is important for emerging heat management applications such as thermal interface and electronic packaging materials. Whereas many studies report on thermal transport in anisotropic nanocomposite materials, a fundamental understanding of the interplay between mechanical and thermal properties is missing, due to the lack of measurements of direction-dependent mechanical properties. In this work, exceptionally coherent and transparent hybrid Bragg stacks made of strictly alternating mica-type nanosheets (synthetic hectorite) and polymer layers (polyvinylpyrrolidone) were fabricated at large scale. Distinct from ordinary nanocomposites, these stacks display long-range periodicity, which is tunable down to angstrom precision. A large thermal transport anisotropy (up to 38) is consequently observed, with the high in-plane thermal conductivity (up to 5.7 W m−1 K−1) exhibiting an effective medium behavior. The unique hybrid material combined with advanced characterization techniques allows correlating the full elastic tensors to the direction-dependent thermal conductivities. We, therefore, provide a first analysis on how the direction-dependent Young's and shear moduli influence the flow of heat.
General Neutralino NLSPs at the Early LHC
Creators: name: Ruderman, Joshua T.
name: Shih, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking (GMSB) is a theoretically well-motivated framework with rich and varied collider phenomenology. In this paper, we study the Tevatron limits and LHC discovery potential for a wide class of GMSB scenarios in which the next-to-lightest superpartner (NLSP) is a promptly-decaying neutralino. These scenarios give rise to signatures involving hard photons, $W$'s, $Z$'s, jets and/or higgses, plus missing energy. In order to characterize these signatures, we define a small number of minimal spectra, in the context of General Gauge Mediation, which are parameterized by the mass of the NLSP and the gluino. Using these minimal spectra, we determine the most promising discovery channels for general neutralino NLSPs. We find that the 2010 dataset can already cover new ground with strong production for all NLSP types. With the upcoming 2011-2012 dataset, we find that the LHC will also have sensitivity to direct electroweak production of neutralino NLSPs.
description: 26 pages
Theory of electrostatically induced shape transitions in carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Shklyaev, Oleg E.
name: Mockensturm, Eric
name: Crespi, Vincent H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mechanically bistable single-walled carbon nanotube can act as a variable-shaped capacitor with a voltage-controlled transition between collapsed and inflated states. This external control parameter provides a means to tune the system so that collapsed and inflated states are degenerate, at which point the tube's susceptibility to diverse external stimuli-- temperature, voltage, trapped atoms -- diverges following a universal curve, yielding an exceptionally sensitive sensor or actuator that is characterized by a vanishing energy scale. For example, the boundary between collapsed and inflated states can shift hundreds of Angstroms in response to the presence or absence of a single gas atom in the core of the tube. Several potential nano-electromechanical devices can be based on this electrically tuned crossover between near-degenerate collapsed and inflated configurations.
Spontaneous Crystallization of Perovskite Nanocrystals in Nonpolar Organic Solvents: A Versatile Approach for their Shape-Controlled Synthesis
Creators: name: Huang, He
name: Li, Yanxiu
name: Tong, Yu
name: Yao, En-Ping
name: Feil, Maximilian W.
name: Richter, Alexander F.
name: Döblinger, Markus
name: Rogach, Andrey L.
name: Feldmann, Jochen
name: Polavarapu, Lakshminarayana
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Abstract The growing demand for perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) for various applications has stimulated the development of facile synthetic methods. Perovskite NCs have often been synthesized by either ligand-assisted reprecipitation (LARP) at room temperature or by hot-injection at high temperatures and inert atmosphere. However, the use of polar solvents in LARP affects their stability. Herein, we report on the spontaneous crystallization of perovskite NCs in nonpolar organic media at ambient conditions by simple mixing of precursor–ligand complexes without application of any external stimuli. The shape of the NCs can be controlled from nanocubes to nanoplatelets by varying the ratio of monovalent (e.g. formamidinium+ (FA+) and Cs+) to divalent (Pb2+) cation–ligand complexes. The precursor–ligand complexes are stable for months, and thus perovskite NCs can be readily prepared prior to use. Moreover, we show that this versatile synthetic process is scalable and generally applicable for perovskite NCs of different compositions.
Micromagnetic analysis of magnetic noise in ferromagnetic nanowires
Creators: name: Yoon, Jungbum
name: You, Chun-Yeol
name: Jo, Younghun
name: Park, Seung-Young
name: Jung, Myung-Hwa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the magnetic thermal noise in magnetic nanowires with and without a domain wall by employing micromagnetic simulations. The magnetic thermal noise due to random thermal fluctuation fields gives important physical quantities related with the magnetic susceptibility. We find that the resonance frequency of a domain wall is distinguishable from one of a magnetic domain itself. For the single domain without a domain wall, the resonance frequency is well described by the Kittel's formula considering a ferromagnetic specimen as a simple ellipsoid with demagnetizing factors for various wire widths and thicknesses. However, additional resonance frequencies from the magnetic domain wall show the different dependences of the wire width and thickness. It implies that the spins inside the domain wall have different effective fields and the spin dynamics.
description: 5 figures
Coordination Chemistry of P4S3 and P4Se3 towards the Iron Fragments [Fe(Cp)(CO)2]+ and [Fe(Cp)(PPh3)(CO)]+
Creators: name: Weis, Philippe
name: Riddlestone, Ian M.
name: Scherer, Harald
name: Krossing, Ingo
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Abstract The complexes Ag(L)n[WCA] (L=P4S3, P4Se3, As4S3, and As4S4; [WCA]=[Al(ORF)4]− and [F{Al(ORF)3}2]−; RF=C(CF3)3; WCA=weakly coordinating anion) were tested for their performance as ligand-transfer reagents to transfer the poorly soluble nortricyclane cages P4S3, P4Se3, and As4S3 as well as realgar As4S4 to different transition-metal fragments. As4S4 and As4S3 with the poorest solubility did not yield complexes. However, the more soluble silver-coordinated P4S3 and P4Se3 cages were transferred to the electron-poor Fp+ moiety ([CpFe(CO)2]+). Thus, reaction of the silver salt in the presence of the ligand with Fp−Br yielded [Fp−P4S3][Al(ORF)4] (1 a), [Fp−P4S3][F(Al(ORF)3)2] (1 b), and [Fp−P4Se3][Al(ORF)4] (2). Reactions with P4S3 also yielded [FpPPh3−P4S3][Al(ORF)4] (3), a complex with the more electron-rich monophosphine-substituted Fp+ analogue [FpPPh3]+ ([CpFe(PPh3)(CO)]+). All complex salts were characterized by single-crystal XRD, NMR, Raman, and IR spectroscopy. Interestingly, they show characteristic blueshifts of the vibrational modes of the cage, as well as structural contractions of the cages upon coordination to the Fp/FpPPh3 moieties, which oppose the typically observed cage expansions that lead to redshifts in the spectra. Structure, bonding, and thermodynamics were investigated by DFT calculations, which support the observed cage contractions. Its reason is assigned to σ and π donation from the slightly P−P and P−E antibonding P4E3-cage HOMO (e symmetry) to the metal acceptor fragment.
Additional file 1 of KRT13 promotes stemness and drives metastasis in breast cancer through a plakoglobin/c-Myc signaling pathway
Creators: name: Yin, Lijuan
name: Li, Qinlong
name: Mrdenovic, Stefan
name: Chu, Gina Chia-Yi
name: Wu, Boyang Jason
name: Bu, Hong
name: Duan, Peng
name: Kim, Jayoung
name: You, Sungyong
name: Lewis, Michael S.
name: Liang, Gangning
name: Wang, Ruoxiang
name: Zhau, Haiyen E.
name: Chung, Leland W. K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional file of KRT13 promotes stemness and drives metastasis in breast cancer through a plakoglobin/c-Myc signaling pathway.
New Roll-to-Roll Processable PEDOT-Based Polymer with Colorless Bleached State for Flexible Electrochromic Devices
Creators: name: Macher, Sven
name: Schott, Marco
name: Sassi, Mauro
name: Facchinetti, Irene
name: Ruffo, Riccardo
name: Patriarca, Giorgio
name: Beverina, Luca
name: Posset, Uwe
name: Giffin, Guinevere A.
name: Löbmann, Peer
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Abstract Conjugated electrochromic (EC) polymers for flexible EC devices (ECDs) generally lack a fully colorless bleached state. A strategy to overcome this drawback is the implementation of a new sidechain-modified poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) derivative that can be deposited in thin-film form in a customized high-throughput and large-area roll-to-roll polymerization process. The sidechain modification provides enhanced EC properties in terms of visible light transmittance change, Δτv = 59% (ΔL* = 54.1), contrast ratio (CR = 15.8), coloration efficiency (η = 530 cm² C−1), and color neutrality (L* = 83.8, a* = −4.3, b* = −4.1) in the bleached state. The intense blue-colored polymer thin films exhibit high cycle stability (10 000 cycles) and fast response times. The design, synthesis, and polymerization of the modified 3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene derivative are discussed along with a detailed optical, electrochemical, and spectroelectrochemical characterization of the resulting EC thin films. Finally, a flexible see-through ECD with a visible light transmittance change of Δτv = 47% (ΔL* = 51.9) and a neutral-colored bleached state is developed.
Additional file 1 of The mixed blessing of AMPK signaling in Cancer treatments
Creators: name: Sadria, Mehrshad
name: Seo, Deokhwa
name: Layton, Anita T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Energy-efficient user association and power allocation in a two-tier heterogeneous network
Creators: name: Ye, Guanshan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: The number of mobile devices is exponentially increasing these years. Driven by new generation wireless devices, the exponential increasing of data traffic triggers great challenge of wireless network to meet the communications requirements. Heterogeneous networks provide flexible deployments for operators to improve spectrum efficiency and increase coverage. Global warming and climate change have been a growing worldwide concern. The mobile industry is contributing to carbon dioxide emission through network operations and mobile equipments. Therefore, energy-efficient design has emerged as a promising technique in heterogeneous networks. We study the energy efficiency problem for downlink transmissions by jointly considering user association and power allocation in a two-tier heterogeneous network. The energy efficiency is maximized under certain prescribed quality-of-service requirement and maximum power limit constraint. Convex relaxation and decomposition method are employed to solve this problem. We use a convex optimization method to obtain a user association solution. A gradient-based algorithm is used to solve the power allocation problem. Then, an iterative joint user association and power allocation algorithm is proposed to maximize the downlink energy efficiency of the system. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has improved energy efficiency when compared with the existing schemes.
1,1-Ethendiol – Das lange Zeit schwer fassbare Enol der Essigsäure
Creators: name: Mardyukov, Artur
name: Eckhardt, André K.
name: Schreiner, Peter R.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Abstract Wir berichten über die erste spektroskopische Identifizierung des bisher unbekannten 1,1-Ethendiol, dem Enol-Tautomer der Essigsäure. Das Enol wurde durch Hochvakuumblitzpyrolyse bei 400 °C aus Malonsäure in der Gasphase dargestellt. Alle Zersetzungsprodukte wurden anschließend in kryogenen Argonmatrices bei 10 K isoliert und mittels IR- und UV/Vis-Spektroskopie charakterisiert. Alle experimentell gewonnenen Spektren wurden mit berechneten AE-CCSD(T)/cc-pCVTZ und B3LYP/6–311++G(2d,2p) Spektren abgeglichen. Nach Belichtung mit λ=254 nm lagert das Enol zur Essigsäure um oder wird zu Keten und Wasser zersetzt.
Direct stau production at hadron colliders in cosmologically motivated scenarios
Creators: name: Lindert, Jonas M.
name: Steffen, Frank D.
name: Trenkel, Maike K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate dominant cross section contributions for stau pair production at hadron colliders within the MSSM, taking into account left-right mixing of the stau eigenstates. We find that b-quark annihilation and gluon fusion can enhance the cross sections by more than one order of magnitude with respect to the Drell-Yan predictions. These additional production channels are not yet included in the common Monte Carlo analysis programs and have been neglected in experimental analyses so far. For long-lived staus, we investigate differential distributions and prospects for their stopping in the collider detectors. New possible strategies are outlined to determine the mass and width of the heavy CP-even Higgs boson H0. Scans of the relevant regions in the CMSSM are performed and predictions are given for the current experiments at the LHC and the Tevatron. The obtained insights allow us to propose collider tests of cosmologically motivated scenarios with long-lived staus that have an exceptionally small thermal relic abundance.
description: 49 pages, 13 figures; v2: references added, typos corrected, text streamlined, results unchanged
Methode zur Klassifizierung von Tragfähigkeitsmessergebnissen des Falling Weight Deflectometers bei Asphaltbefestigungen
Creators: name: Chakar, Thomas
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2009
Subjects: Tragfähigkeit
FWD
Substanzbewertung

description: Mit dem Falling Weight Deflectometer können Tragfähigkeitsmuster als Merkmal für die strukturellen Gegebenheiten einer Straßenkonstruktion erfasst werden. Zur Bewertung dieser Tragfähigkeitsmuster (Deflexionsmulden) wurde durch Generierung theoretischer Deflexionsmulden eine bereits vorhandene Datenbank erweitert und dieser Datenbestand klassifiziert. Durch den Einsatz von Künstlichen Neuronalen Netzen wurde außerdem eine pragmatische Anwendung des klassifizierten Datenbestandes dargestellt.
Experimental Design for the Gemini Planet Imager
Creators: name: McBride, James
name: Graham, James R.
name: Macintosh, Bruce
name: Beckwith, Steven V. W.
name: Marois, Christian
name: Poyneer, Lisa A.
name: Wiktorowicz, Sloane J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) is a high performance adaptive optics system being designed and built for the Gemini Observatory. GPI is optimized for high contrast imaging, combining precise and accurate wavefront control, diffraction suppression, and a speckle-suppressing science camera with integral field and polarimetry capabilities. The primary science goal for GPI is the direct detection and characterization of young, Jovian-mass exoplanets. For plausible assumptions about the distribution of gas giant properties at large semi-major axes, GPI will be capable of detecting more than 10% of gas giants more massive than 0.5 M_J around stars younger than 100 Myr and nearer than 75 parsecs. For systems younger than 1 Gyr, gas giants more massive than 8 M_J and with semi-major axes greater than 15 AU are detected with completeness greater than 50%. A survey targeting young stars in the solar neighborhood will help determine the formation mechanism of gas giant planets by studying them at ages where planet brightness depends upon formation mechanism. Such a survey will also be sensitive to planets at semi-major axes comparable to the gas giants in our own solar system. In the simple, and idealized, situation in which planets formed by either the "hot-start" model of Burrows et al. (2003) or the core accretion model of Marley et al. (2007), a few tens of detected planets are sufficient to distinguish how planets form.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, revised after referee's comments and resubmitted to PASP