cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient Quantum Frequency Conversion of Ultra-Violet Single Photons from a Trapped Ytterbium Ion
Creators: name: Yu, Seungwoo
name: Lee, Kyungmin
name: Park, Sumin
name: Kim, Kyunghye
name: Goo, Junhong
name: Park, Jeonghyun
name: Kim, Taehyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ion trap system is a leading candidate for quantum network privileged by its long coherence time, high-fidelity gate operations, and the ion-photon entanglement that generates an ideal pair of a stationary memory qubit and a flying communication qubit. Rapid developments in nonlinear quantum frequency conversion techniques have enhanced the potential for constructing a trapped ion quantum network via optical fiber connections. The generation of long-distance entanglement has been demonstrated with ions such as Ca$^{+}$ and Ba$^{+}$, which emit photons in visible or near-infrared range naturally. On the other hand, as the qubit-native photons reside in ultra-violet (UV) spectrum, the Yb$^{+}$ ion has not been considered as a strong competitor for telecommunication qubits despite extensive research on it. Here, we demonstrate an efficient difference-frequency conversion of UV photons, emitted from a trapped Yb$^{+}$ ion, into a visible range. We provide experimental evidence that confirms the converted photons are radiated from the Yb$^{+}$ ion. Our results provide a crucial step toward realizing a long-distance trapped ion quantum network based on Yb$^{+}$ ions through quantum frequency conversion.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables.; The following article has been accepted by Applied Physics Letters
The Escape of Ionizing Photons from the Galaxy
Creators: name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Maloney, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Magellanic Stream and several high velocity clouds have now been detected in optical line emission. The observed emission measures and kinematics are most plausibly explained by photoionization due to hot, young stars in the Galactic disk. The highly favorable orientation of the Stream allows an unambiguous determination of the fraction of ionizing photons, F_esc, which escape the disk. We have modelled the production and transport of ionizing photons through an opaque interstellar medium. Normalization to the Stream detections requires F_esc = 6%, in reasonable agreement with the flux required to ionize the Reynolds layer. Neither shock heating nor emission within a hot Galactic corona can be important in producing the observed H-alpha emission. If such a large escape fraction is typical of L_* galaxies, star-forming systems dominate the extragalactic ionizing background. Within the context of this model, both the three-dimensional orientation of the Stream and the distances to high-velocity clouds can be determined by sensitive H-alpha observations.
description: 4 pages; LaTeX2e, emulateapj.sty, apjfonts.sty; 4 encapsulated PS figures. For correct labels, may need to print Fig. 3 separately due to psfig limitation. Astrophysical Journal (Letters), accepted
Numerical modelling of hydraulic fracturing in naturally fractured rock
Creators: name: Obeysekara, Asiri
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: This thesis presents a novel approach for hydro-geomechanical modelling of fractured rocks by linking a solid mechanics model with a multi-fluids and multi-phase fluid flow model using the immersed-body approach for coupling fluids and solids. The method uses conservative mesh-to-mesh projection to pass variables between an mesh adapting multi-phase fluid-flow solver and a deformation and fracturing solid geomechanics solver. The adaptive mesh refining and coarsening of the fluid model further permits the flow within and near to fractures (e.g. localised flow, leak off) to be represented using a locally refining mesh. The mass conservation between the coupled fluid and solid fields is ensured through a globally conservative Galerkin projection-based mesh interpolation. To simulate the nonlinear deformation of natural fractures in rock, the geomechanics model is integrated with a joint constitutive model that can capture the aperture variation of rough fractures under normal and/or shear loading. The solid mechanics is modelled using a Lagrangian specification in a Finite-Discrete Element Method (FEMDEM) framework called Solidity Project. Multi-phase (incompressible and compressible) fluid flow in porous media is considered through a Control-Volume Finite-Element Method (CV-FEM) based Darcy Flow solver and is called the Imperial College Finite-Element Reservoir Simulator (IC-FERST). The one-way (solid to fluid) coupled model is validated against analytical solutions for single-phase flow through a smooth/rough fracture and other reported numerical solutions for multi-phase flow through intersecting fractures. Examples of modelling single- and multi-phase flows through fracture networks under in-situ stresses are further presented, illustrating the important geomechanical effects on the hydrological behaviour of fractured porous media. The two-way coupled model for fluid-driven fracturing is validated using available laboratory hydraulic fracturing experiments in un-stressed and stressed regimes. The coupling framework is extended to three-dimensional, coupled modelling of flow modelling and fluid-driven fracturing through the creation of locally enriched shell-mesh elements at pre-existing and new fracture surfaces. The coupled framework can be extended to other perturbed states than fluid pressure driven fracturing, such as during underground excavation and dewatering. Application of the coupled framework to assess the stability of tunnel walls during tunnel excavation in saturated highly-fractured porous rock has been investigated in the context of deep-geological disposal of nuclear waste.
ConsistentDreamer: View-Consistent Meshes Through Balanced Multi-View Gaussian Optimization
Creators: name: Şahin, Onat
name: Altillawi, Mohammad
name: Eskandar, George
name: Carbone, Carlos
name: Liu, Ziyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in diffusion models have significantly improved 3D generation, enabling the use of assets generated from an image for embodied AI simulations. However, the one-to-many nature of the image-to-3D problem limits their use due to inconsistent content and quality across views. Previous models optimize a 3D model by sampling views from a view-conditioned diffusion prior, but diffusion models cannot guarantee view consistency. Instead, we present ConsistentDreamer, where we first generate a set of fixed multi-view prior images and sample random views between them with another diffusion model through a score distillation sampling (SDS) loss. Thereby, we limit the discrepancies between the views guided by the SDS loss and ensure a consistent rough shape. In each iteration, we also use our generated multi-view prior images for fine-detail reconstruction. To balance between the rough shape and the fine-detail optimizations, we introduce dynamic task-dependent weights based on homoscedastic uncertainty, updated automatically in each iteration. Additionally, we employ opacity, depth distortion, and normal alignment losses to refine the surface for mesh extraction. Our method ensures better view consistency and visual quality compared to the state-of-the-art.
description: Manuscript accepted by Pattern Recognition Letters. Project Page: https://onatsahin.github.io/ConsistentDreamer/
Ardea americana Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Pelecaniformes
Ardeidae
Ardea
Ardea americana

description: Ardea americana [spec. nov.]
A. vertice temporibusque nudis papillosis, fronte nucha remigibusque primariis nigris, corpore albo.
Grus americana alba. Catesb. carol. 1. p. 75. t. 75. Edw. av. 132. t. 132.
Habitat in America septentrionali.
Caput subtus ad maxillam inferiorem rubrum est.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 142, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The impact of electron-capture supernovae on merging double neutron stars
Creators: name: Giacobbo, Nicola
name: Mapelli, Michela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Natal kicks are one of the most debated issues about double neutron star (DNS) formation. Several observational and theoretical results suggest that some DNSs have formed with low natal kicks ($\lesssim{}50$ km s$^{-1}$), which might be attributed to electron-capture supernovae (ECSNe). We investigate the impact of ECSNe on the formation of DNSs by means of population synthesis simulations. In particular, we assume a Maxwellian velocity distribution for the natal kick induced by ECSNe with one dimensional root-mean-square $σ_{\rm ECSN} = 0,7,15,26,265$ km s$^{-1}$. The total number of DNSs scales inversely with $σ_{\rm ECSN}$ and the number of DNS mergers is higher for relatively low kicks. This effect is particularly strong if we assume low efficiency of common-envelope ejection (described by the parameter $α=1$), while it is only mild for high efficiency of common-envelope ejection ($α=5$). In most simulations, more than 50 per cent of the progenitors of merging DNSs undergo at least one ECSN and the ECSN is almost always the first SN occurring in the binary system. Finally, we have considered the extreme case in which all neutron stars receive a low natal kick ($\lesssim{}50$~km~s$^{-1}$). In this case, the number of DNSs increases by a factor of ten and the percentage of merging DNSs which went through an ECSN is significantly suppressed ($<40$ per cent).
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 1 tables, to appear in MNRAS
Curtas Fora de Portas 2023
Creators: name: Soares, José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cartaz das Curtas Fora de Portas 2023

description: Poster to publicize and proPoster to publicize and promote Curtas Fora de Portas 2023, an event that brings together people to make short films in 24 hours (Tertúlia do Politécnico de Santarém, 18 and 19 November 2023).The poster is available in 2 versions, one for use on social media and another for printing.
Asymmetric Orbifolds and Wilson Lines
Creators: name: Kakushadze, Zurab
name: Tye, S. -H. Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the rules for the free fermionic string construction to include other asymmetric orbifolds. Examples are given to illustrate the use of these rules.
description: 25 pages; minor misprints corrected; old macro replaced with LaTeX
Where are our universities going? A review, twenty years later
Creators: name: Inglesi-Lotz, Roula
name: Pouris, Anastassios
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160506 Education Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Globally, the classification and ratings of universities are based mainly on an institution’s research productivity. South Africa, especially in the last decade, has experienced an increasing skills shortage, making the need for new and appropriately qualified graduates a priority for the nation. A review in 1991 by Pouris examined the trends in the output of science and arts graduates at South African universities during 1984–88. His conclusion was that South Africa had no ‘technological’ or ‘general’ universities. The study reported here follows the same methods, but covers the period 2000–06. Conclusions are similar to before, even though the government’s declared policy has been to produce more graduates in the sciences. We examine the policy implications of the current funding formula for universities and propose how the Department of Education could augment graduate numbers in the way desired. A key recommendation is revising the funding formulae and introducing weightings that give preferential support to the disciplines to be prioritized.
Plane Curves with Hyperbolic and C-hyperbolic Complements
Creators: name: Dethloff, Gerd
name: Zaidenberg, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The general problem which initiated this work is: What are the quasiprojective varieties which can be uniformized by means of bounded domains in $\cz^n$ ? Such a variety should be, in particular, C--hyperbolic, i.e. it should have a Carathéodory hyperbolic covering. We study here the plane projective curves whose complements are C--hyperbolic. For instance, we show that most of the curves whose duals are nodal or, more generally, immersed curves, belong to this class. We also give explicit examples of irreducible such curves of any even degree d greater or equal 6.
description: Final version, published in 1996, subsuming version 1 of this preprint and another work by the same authors on "Examples of Plane Curves with Hyperbolic and C-hyperbolic Complements"
Trial designs and the evaluation of interventions for stable angina
Creators: name: Thompson, David
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is in widespread use in clinical practice for the treatment of (a) acute myocardial infarction and (b) chronic stable angina. Use of PCI in acute myocardial infarction has consistently demonstrated improvement in major adverse cardiac events in clinical trials however, all trials of PCI in chronic stable angina to date have been carried out in the absence of a double-blind design and therefore the benefits are not clear. The main results of the ORBITA trial showed that in a group of 200 patients with chronic stable angina attributable to single-vessel coronary artery disease and optimally managed using pharmacological anti-anginal agents, there was no significant change in exercise tolerance observed between groups randomly allocated to receive PCI or a sham procedure. In this thesis, I begin with a quantitative overview of the published literature for procedures developed for the treatment of stable angina and show that increasing levels of bias resistance in trial design is associated with smaller sizes of effect and that the largest sizes of effect are seen in studies that lack the design features necessary to resist bias. I go on to explore the accuracy and reproducibility of a physical activity tracking device before using the device in ORBITA trial patients to quantify activity levels in patients following randomisation - the first use of such a device in a clinical trial of PCI. I report the findings of the questionnaire-based evaluations of angina and quality of life which offer unique insight due to the blinded trial design. I then describe the effects of PCI on the myocardium using dobutamine stress echocardiography and explore whether ischaemic burden is related to response to treatment with PCI.
Ardea antigone Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Pelecaniformes
Ardeidae
Ardea
Ardea antigone

description: Ardea antigone [spec. nov.]
A. capite nudo collarique papilloso, corpore cinereo, remigibus nigris.
Grus major indica. Edw. av. 45. t. 45.
Habitat in Asia.
Pone oculos macula parva alba, & vertex albus.
* * * Ciconiae.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 142, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Resiliency as it Relates to Spirituality and Religiosity
Creators: name: Abdelhamid, Lamese
Publisher: name: Midwestern University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Clinical Psychology

description:       Religion and spirituality are typically combined concepts in research. Though research identifies a significant overlap and relationship between religion and spirituality as they relate to an individual’s resiliency, they are indeed different in functionality (Villani et al., 2019). To that point, there is a significant gap in the current research regarding the differentiation between spirituality and religiosity and their impact on resilience as they are utilized interchangeably. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spirituality and resilience, as well as the relationship between religiosity and resilience. Additionally, the second aim of the study was to investigate the moderating role of religion as it relates to spirituality and resilience. The Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) was used to measure resiliency. Spirituality was measured using the Spirituality Health and Life Orientation Measure (SHALOM) and religion was measured by the Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS). A hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between spirituality and resilience, religiosity and resilience, as well as examining religiosity as a moderator in the relationship between spirituality and resiliency. Results of the study indicate that the level of an individual’s spirituality (SHALOM) does not have a significant relationship to the level of resilience (BRS) an individual experiences. Similarly, results of this study provide evidence that an individual’s religiosity (CRS) does not strongly relate to resiliency levels (BRS). Moreover, this study also suggests that spirituality with a religious affiliation does not significantly strengthen one’s level of resiliency. These findings have important implications in the integration of spirituality and religiosity as it relates to resiliency.
Designmönster: Gruppsamarbete
Creators: name: Olsson, Ulf
name: Engel, Hugues
Publisher: name: Stockholm University Design Patterns
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Det här är ett designmönster som skapats i ett utvecklingsprojekt på Centrum för universitetslärarutbildning vid Stockholms universitet. Projektet syftar till att utveckla pedagogiska praktiker för universitetslärare som arbetar med lärplattformar för att planera och organisera sin undervisning. Designmönster är en etablerad metod för att kartlägga bl.a. pedagogiska problem och erbjuda förslag till lösningar. Det här designmönstret är ett förslag hur en lärare kan arbeta med kursdesign, framförallt i den lärplattform som Stockholms universitet, kallad "Athena". Detta mönster handlar om att organisera studenternas samarbete i Athena.

This is a design pattern created in conjunction with a development project at the Center for the Advancement of University Teaching at Stockholm University. The project aims at developing educational practice for university teachers who work with learning managementplatforms enabling them to plan and organize their teaching. Design patterns are an established method of identifying and mapping educational problems in order to offer solutions. This design pattern is a proposal how a teacher can work with course design, especially in Stockholm University learning platform "Athena". This pattern is about organising students' collaboration in Athena.
Detta designmönster kan användas i relation till ett annat mönster i databasen med titeln "Gruppsamarbete utan insyn mellan grupperna" se https://doi.org/10.17045/sthlmuni.7092827.v1
Search for the rare fully leptonic decay B+ → μ+ μ− μ+ ν at LHCb
Creators: name: Stefkova, Slavomira
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: This thesis presents a first search for the fully leptonic decay B+ → μ+ μ− μ+ ν in any experiment. This search is performed using proton-proton collision data at LHCb corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb^{−1} . The search is carried out in the region where the minimum of the two μ+ μ− mass combinations is below 980 MeV/c^{2}. The measurement of the branching fraction of this decay is even more interesting given that the recent theoretical prediction [1] of the branching fraction for B+ → μ+ μ− μ+ ν of 1.3 × 10^{−7} is high. Moreover, this decay is sensitive to the magnitude of the coupling strength between b and u quarks, which is of great interest given that there are some tensions in measurements of this magnitude. The data are consistent with the background only hypothesis and a limit of 1.4×10^{−8} at 95% confidence level is set on the branching fraction in the stated kinematic region. This is therefore not consistent with the theoretical prediction made in Ref. [1]. This thesis also presents a study of the response of the detector if three muons pass through it. This study shows that correlations induced by a trimuon system in the detector are substantial and they need to be addressed properly.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ТРАНСДЕМАЛЬНОЙ ЛИПОСОМАЛЬНОЙ ФОРМЫ ИБУПРОФЕНА
Creators: name: Азимова, Н.А.
name: Эргашева, М.Д.
name: Муйдинова, Д.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В данной работе была разработана технология получения гели трансдемальной липосомальной формы ибупрофена. Липосомы были сформированы из фосфолипидов мембран, родственных с фосфолипидам мембран организма, с включением в их состав веществ, придающих липосомам проникать через глубокие слои кожи. Методом электронной микроскопии доказано формирование мультиламмеларных липосом. Сравнительное изучение анальгезирующей эффективности в условиях эксперимента показало в сравнении с традиционным гелем показало, что липосомальная форма геля ибупрофена проявляет более выраженный анальгетический эффект по сравнению с традиционным гелем.
Quantization of Poisson Groups
Creators: name: Gavarini, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 17B37, 81R50

description: Let $ G^τ$ be a connected simply connected semisimple algebraic group, endowed with generalized Sklyanin-Drinfel'd structure of Poisson group, let $ H^τ$ be its dual Poisson group. By means of quantum double construction and dualization via formal Hopf algebras, we construct new quantum groups $ U_{q,φ}^M(\frak{h}) $ --- dual of $ U_{q,φ}^{M'}(\frak{g}) $ --- which yield infinitesimal quantization of $ H^τ$ and $ G^τ\, $, we study their specializations at roots of 1 (in particular, their classical limits), thus discovering new quantum Frobenius morphisms. The whole description dualize for $ H^τ$ what was known for $ G^τ$, completing the quantization of the pair $ (G^τ,H^τ) $.
description: AMS-TeX file, 45 pages, final author's version of the printed paper
Designmönster - Samarbete i studentpar
Creators: name: Olsson, Ulf
name: Engel, Hugues
Publisher: name: Stockholm University Design Patterns
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Det här är ett designmönster som skapats i ett utvecklingsprojekt på Centrum för universitetslärarutbildning vid Stockholms universitet. Projektet syftar till att utveckla pedagogiska praktiker för universitetslärare som arbetar med lärplattformar för att planera och organisera sin undervisning. Designmönster är en etablerad metod för att kartlägga bl.a. pedagogiska problem och erbjuda förslag till lösningar. Det här designmönstret är ett förslag hur en lärare kan arbeta med kursdesign, framförallt i den lärplattform som Stockholms universitet, kallad "Athena". Detta mönster handlar om att organisera studenternas samarbete i par i Athena.

This is a design pattern created in conjunction with a development project at the Center for the Advancement of University Teaching at Stockholm University. The project aims at developing educational practice for university teachers who work with learning managementplatforms enabling them to plan and organize their teaching. Design patterns are an established method of identifying and mapping educational problems in order to offer solutions. This design pattern is a proposal how a teacher can work with course design, especially in Stockholm University learning platform "Athena". This pattern is about organising students' work in pairs in Athena.
The Stellar Populations of NGC 3109: Another Dwarf Irregular Galaxy with a Population II Stellar Halo
Creators: name: Minniti, Dante
name: Zijlstra, Albert
name: Alonso, M. Victoria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained V and I-band photometry for about 17500 stars in the field of the dwarf irregular galaxy NGC3109, located in the outskirts of the Local Group. The photometry allows us to study the stellar populations present inside and outside the disk of this galaxy. From the VI color-magnitude diagram we infer metallicities and ages for the stellar populations in the main body and in the halo of NGC3109. The stars in the disk of this galaxy have a wide variety of ages, including very young stars with approximately 10^7 yr. Our main result is to establish the presence of a halo consisting of population II stars, extending out to about 4.5 arcmin (or 1.8 kpc) above and below the plane of this galaxy. For these old stars we derive an age of > 10 Gyr and a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -1.8 +/- 0.2. We construct a deep luminosity function, obtaining an accurate distance modulus (m-M)_0 = 25.62 +/- 0.1 for this galaxy based on the I-magnitude of the red giant branch (RGB) tip and adopting E(V-I) = 0.05.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal 23 pages, latex, 12 Figures (Fig 1 not available in electronic format)
Ardea ciconia Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Pelecaniformes
Ardeidae
Ardea
Ardea ciconia

description: Ardea ciconia [spec. nov.]
A. alba, remigibus nigris, cute sanguinea.
Ardea alba, remigibus rubris. Fn. svec. 136.
Ciconia. Bell. av. 45. a. Gesn. av. 262. Aldr. orn. l. 20. c. 1. Jonst. av. 147 t. 50. Marsil. danub. 5. p. 26. t. 11.
Ciconia alba. Will. orn. 210. Raj. av. 97. Alb. av. 2. p. 59. t. 64.
Habitat in Europa, Asia, Africa.
Cutis corporis sub pennis sanguinea. Nidus ad pagos in altis, resonans Passeribus; huic honos serpentum exitio tantus, ut occidere nefas; noctu stridet; migrat trans pontum in Aegyptum, Aethiopiam; aestivat inter Sveciam & Italiam.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 142, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The septin cage: a novel mechanism of host defence to restrict bacterial replication
Creators: name: Sirianni, Andrea
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Autophagy is a highly conserved intracellular degradation process crucial for cell-autonomous immunity against bacterial infection. However, some bacteria may subvert the host cytoskeleton to escape recognition from autophagy. In the cytosol, Shigella flexneri and Listeria monocytogenes use actin-based motility to avoid cell-autonomous immunity and spread from cell-to-cell. The host cytoskeleton plays a key role in autophagy and its ability to restrict or promote bacterial replication. Septins, a cytoskeletal component that interacts with cellular membranes and actin filaments, are GTP-binding proteins that polymerize into non-polar filaments and rings. Our lab has discovered that septin cage-like structures entrap actin-polymerising Shigella targeted to autophagy. The septin cage is recognized as a mechanism of host defence mechanism, however the precise fate of septin cage entrapped Shigella remains unknown. Evidence has suggested that mitochondria provide membrane for the biogenesis of autophagosomes during starvation. The role of the mitochondria during the autophagy of Shigella is unknown. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles characterised by events of membrane fission and fusion. Work has previously established a role for the host cell division machinery, i.e. actin and myosin, in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics (a process called ‘mitokinesis’). Whether septins are also involved in mitochondrial dynamics has not yet been tested. For my thesis, the entrapment of Shigella by septin cages was used as a paradigm to better understand host defence against bacterial infection and to discover new septin biology. Results have shown that mitochondria mediate the assembly of septins into cage that target Shigella to degradation by autophagy. We have also discovered that septins regulate mitochondrial fission. Finally, we have revealed a new link between septins, autophagy, and host cell metabolism. Together these results suggest that a more complete understanding of septin biology during bacterial infection can enable its manipulation for therapeutic purposes.
Development of a multi-physics and multi-scale model of thrombolysis for patient-specific appplications
Creators: name: Piebalgs, Andris
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Thromboembolic diseases such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke are one of the main causes of death in the world. These pathologies occur when an abnormal blood clot develops in the human body and travels throughout the circulatory system as an embolus. If the occlusion takes place in the cerebral arteries, it can lead to acute ischemic stroke which, if not treated rapidly, will cause morbidity and death. One of the forms of treatment for ischemic stroke is thrombolytic therapy whereby a drug known as alteplase is provided intravenously to the patient so as to dissolve the occluding thrombus. This treatment, however, can provoke life-threatening side-effects such as intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and therefore is limited to only a subset of patients that are free of contraindications. Furthermore, thrombolytic therapy can sometimes be ineffective in treating certain types of occlusions. As such, there is considerable interest in the medical community in determining the scenarios where thrombolytic therapy can be ineffective and how existing treatment can be optimised. To this end, a multi-physics and multi-scale computational model has been developed in an attempt to simulate the treatment of ischemic stroke with thrombolytic therapy. Blood flow and drug transport are described by partial differential equations that are solved with the aid of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. Fibrinolysis is described using a microscale model whereby changes in the clot microstructure give rise to changes in macroscopic properties of the clot such as clot resistance and composition. Arterial geometries include idealised models using CAD software and patient-specific models extracted from computed tomography angiography (CTA) images. Physiological flow boundary conditions are implemented by using 3 element Windkessel models while drug transport boundary conditions are determined with the aid of a compartmental model. Clots of different shapes, lengths and locations are studied and their dissolution patterns are examined under different thrombolysis regimens. Predicted changes in the intra-arterial flowrate and pressure are consistent with data in the literature. The results show that under the assumption of homogeneous clot properties, clot lysis patterns are strongly dependent on clot position, whereas clot dissolution time is merely determined by clot length. Numerical simulations of different thrombolysis regimens indicate that treatment dose and duration can be personalised according to clot length and clot composition in order to lower the risk of ICH (intracerebral haemorrhage) and ensure successful vessel recanalization. It is demonstrated that the computational model developed in this study can be used to investigate clot dissolution in patient-specific geometries. Future work will attempt to test the use of this computational model in clinical settings and as an aid in the development of new therapies.
Exploring the generalized loosely bound Skyrme model
Creators: name: Gudnason, Sven Bjarke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Skyrme model is extended with a sextic derivative term - called the BPS-Skyrme term - and a repulsive potential term - called the loosely bound potential. A large part of the model's parameter space is studied for the 4-Skyrmion which corresponds to the Helium-4 nucleus and emphasis is put on preserving as much of the platonic symmetries as possible whilst reducing the binding energies. We reach classical binding energies for Helium-4 as low as 0.2%, while retaining the cubic symmetry of the 4-Skyrmion, and after taking into account the quantum mass correction to the nucleon due to spin/isospin quantization, we get total binding energies as low as 3.6% - still with the cubic symmetry intact.
description: LaTeX: 26 pages, 13 figures, 1 table; V2: improved definition of the order parameter in sec. 2.2
Quantum Coherent Absorption of Squeezed Light
Creators: name: Hardal, Ali Ü. C.
name: Wubs, Martijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate coherent perfect absorption (CPA) in quantum optics, in particular when pairs of squeezed coherent states of light are superposed on an absorbing beam splitter. First, by employing quantum optical input-output relations, we derive the absorption coefficients for quantum coherence and for intensity, and reveal how these will differ for squeezed states. Secondly, we present the remarkable properties of a CPA-gate: two identical but otherwise arbitrary incoming squeezed coherent states can be completely stripped off their coherence, producing a pure entangled squeezed vacuum state that with its finite intensity escapes from an otherwise perfect absorber. Importantly, this output state of light is not entangled with the absorbing beam splitter by which it was produced. Its loss-enabled functionality makes the CPA gate an interesting new tool for continuous-variable quantum state preparation.
description: New discussions added. 11 pages and 5 figures
Ardea nigra Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Pelecaniformes
Ardeidae
Ardea
Ardea nigra

description: Ardea nigra [spec. nov.]
A. nigra, pectore abdomineque albo. Fn. svec. 135.
Ciconia nigra. Gesn. av. 97. Aldr. orn. l. 20. c. 2. Will. orn. 211. Alb. av. 3. p. 77. t. 82.
Habitat in Europa boreali.
Migrat aestate supra Sveciam.
* * * * Ardeae.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 142, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Pygmy resonances: what's in a name?
Creators: name: Broglia, R. A.
name: Barranco, F.
name: Idini, A.
name: Potel, G.
name: Vigezzi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The centroid, width and percentage of energy weighted sum rule of dipole resonances can be strongly affected by dynamical fluctuations and static deformations of the nuclear surface, deformations and fluctuations which, in turn, depend on pairing, and thus on Cooper pairs. Because of angular momentum conservation, such insight is restricted, to lowest order, to deformations of quadrupole and monopole type. The latter being closely connected with the neutron (excess) skin and thus with soft dipole modes. From the values $(N-Z)/A \approx 0.18$, 0.21, and 0.45 for the nuclei $^{122}$Sn, $^{208}$Pb, and $^{11}$Li, it is expected that the latter system, which is weakly bound by pairing effects (spatially extended single Cooper pair and odd proton acting as spectator), constitutes an attractive laboratory to study the properties of soft $E1$--modes and thus of isospin nuclear deformation. From the calculation of the full dipole response function in QRPA, discretizing the continuum in a spherical box of radius of 40 fm, one finds a GDR with centroid $E_x \approx 24$ MeV, width $Γ\approx$ 11 MeV and carrying 90\% of the EWSR, and a low--lying collective resonance characterized by $E_X = 0.75$ MeV, $Γ= 0.5$ MeV and $6.2\%$ EWSR The wave function of the latter resonance is built out of about fifteen components (both protons and neutrons), typical of a collective mode. The transition densities indicate this soft $E1$--mode to be generated by surface density oscillation of the neutron skin ($Δr_{np} \approx 1.71$ fm) relative to an approximately isospin--saturated core. Through a detailed study of the full dipole response of $^{11}$Li we will draw a comparison between the soft $E1$--mode of this halo nucleus and the PDR of heavy stable nuclei, pointing to the physical similarities and also to the basic differences.
description: submitted to Physica Scripta, Focus-issue-on-Nuclear-Shapes-and-Symmetries-From-Experiment-to-Theory
title: ADCO, Boursier de Cîteaux : comptes (1489-1493) (11 H 1166), f. 00190
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: comptes
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Boursier de Cîteaux : comptes (1489-1493), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1166). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Boursier de Cîteaux : comptes (1489-1493), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1166), f. 00190, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
The Calculation of the Two-Loop Spin Splitting Functions $P_{ij}^{(1)}(x)$
Creators: name: Mertig, R.
name: van Neerven, W. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the calculation of the two-loop spin splitting functions $P_{ij}^{(1)}(x)\; (i,j = q,g)$ contributing to the next-to-leading order corrected spin structure function $g_1(x,Q^2)$. These splitting functions, which are presented in the \MSbs, are derived from the order $α_s^2$ contribution to the anomalous dimensions $γ_{ij}^{m} \; (i,j = q,g)$. The latter correspond to the local operators which appear in the operator product expansion of two electromagnetic currents. Some of the properties of the anomalous dimensions will be discussed. In particular our findings are in agreement with the supersymmetric relation $γ_{qq}^{m}+γ_{gq}^{m}-γ_{qg}^{m}-γ_{gg}^{m}=0$ up to order $α_s^2$.
description: Updated to match the journal version. LaTeX, 34 pages, 6 figures (in Postscript file). Corrected formulas: (3.66), (3.67), (3.75), (3.76), (3.88), (4.97), (4.108). Modified renormalization discussions. Corrected conclusion and discussion about validity of supersymmetric relation. Figures improved
Fluid dynamics of orbitally shaken shallow fluid layers
Creators: name: Alpresa Gutiérrez, Paola
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Motivated by the pathological effect of blood flow on endothelial cells and its relevance in the progress of atherosclerosis, this thesis investigates the fluid dynamics of orbitally shaken shal- low fluid layers in cylindrical containers. The study uses computational and analytical models to characterise flow in 33 case studies, which map the parameter space of the dimensionless numbers that govern the physics. A travelling wave characterises the flow and wave breaking and wall boundaries determine the multidirectional character of the shear stress field. A novel shear stress metric (transWSSmin) has been investigated by combining numerical simulations with laboratory experiments, and evidence is presented that transWSSmin correlates with en- dothelial permeability changes, implying that cells align close to the direction that minimises the transverse shear stresses instead of the mean flow direction, as widely accepted. A potential flow theory has been shown to be a powerful tool to predict the surface amplitude up to the onset of the wave breaking, which allows for classification in non-breaking/breaking regimes based on an amplitude breaking threshold identified in the simulations. An improved analytical model for the prediction of the shear stress, the PT-Stokes WSS model, has been developed, which is a generalisation of the classic Stokes solution. The model consists of a Stokes boundary layer coupled with the potential flow, and thus takes into account the free surface and side walls. Even in highly nonlinear cases, the PT-Stokes model predicts shear stress within 50% accuracy except at resonant conditions. A strong correlation has been found between the bottom wall shear stress and the surface velocity, showing that the largest source of error is the surface velocity predictions by the potential flow model due to the omission of viscous effects. Finally, results are translated into recommendations and tools for the investigation of endothelial cells in orbital shakers.
Chemical probes for phosphatidylinositol phosphates used as tools to interrogate lipid-protein interactions
Creators: name: Reeh, Katharina
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs) are membrane phospholipids and have been studied owing to their crucial role in a wide range of cellular functions. Amongst the seven naturally occurring PIPs, PI(4,5)P2 has been primarily investigated and linked to cellular events related to cell growth, proliferation and apoptosis. Changes of cellular PIP levels and a disruption of the equilibrium between the different PIPs has been linked to the development of a host of diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, bipolar disorder or cancer. The development of a chemical tool which is capable to control these PIP levels can thus have the potential for diagnostic and therapeutic application. Previously, it was shown by our group that small molecules which bind to PIPs can be employed to disrupt protein-PIP interactions. By binding to the PIP headgroups, the small molecule prevents the protein from interacting with PIPs, resulting in an apparent reduction of target PIP available and as a consequence, proteins are not recruited to the membrane and downstream signalling pathways can be disrupted. Following from these results, the aim of this project was to investigate the potential of these small molecules to be developed into optical probes and also further expand the library of small molecules for PIP targets. A series of small molecule-receptors were synthesised based on previous leads, incorporating the same recognition motifs for PIPs. Additionally, fluorophores were attached to the scaffold with the aim of studying the host-guest interaction as well as to monitor the cellular uptake of the new receptors. Additionally, we investigated the effect of introducing solubilising substituents on the receptor to facilitate both synthesis and application of these receptors. Moreover, a receptor based on a tripodal scaffold was synthesised, which differed from previously investigated receptor arrangements. In vitro investigations showed that the inclusion of an optical unit changes both binding affinity and PIP-binding selectivity compared to previous small molecule-receptors. Additionally, it was shown that the tripodal scaffold, containing an extra target recognition motif, is capable of binding PIP with higher affinity compared to receptors based on one set of recognition motifs and additionally, PIP-binding selectivity is shifted compared to previously investigated lead compounds. Preliminary results suggest this tripodal receptor is able to enter cells and bind its preferred PIP target in vivo. Combined with its in vitro binding affinities, this suggests that the tripodal arrangement has the potential to generate potent PIP binders, which could be further investigated both for diagnostic or therapeutic application.
Severe Limits on Variations of the Speed of Light with Frequency
Creators: name: Schaefer, Bradley E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Explosive astrophysical events at high red shift can be used to place severe limits on the fractional variation in the speed of light ($Δc/c$), the photon mass ($m_γ$), and the energy scale of quantum gravity ($E_{QG}$). I find $Δc/c < 6.3 \times 10^{-21}$ based on the simultaneous arrival of a flare in GRB 930229 with a rise time of $220 \pm 30 μs$ for photons of 30 keV and 200 keV. The limit on $m_γ$ is $4.2 \times 10^{-44} g$ for GRB 980703 from radio to gamma ray observations. The limit on $E_{QG}$ is $8.3 \times 10^{16}$ GeV for GRB 930131 from 30 keV to 80 MeV photons.
description: 7 pages, Submitted to PRL
Development of one-step post-polymerisation methods for semiconducting polymers
Creators: name: Creamer, Adam David
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Organic semiconductors have several advantages over their inorganic counterparts. For example, the solution processability allows for the fabrication of flexible, lightweight and low-cost semiconducting devices. However, much work is needed to compete with the high-performance of inorganics. The first half of this work focuses primarily on nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reactions with molecules and polymers containing the fluorinated 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BT) unit. Chapter 2 explores the effect the type of heteroatom on the BT unit (N, O and S) of a carbazole-based polymer has on the optical properties and organic photovoltaic (OPV) performance. The following chapter focuses on post-polymerisation SNAr reactions, in which thiols were found to displace fluorine groups on a variety of polymers, including polymers containing fluorinated benzotriazole (BTz) and thienothiophene (TT) units instead of BT. The reaction was then taken a step further, by substituting fluorine atoms on P(F8fBT) with a diverse range of end-functionalised thiols, thioacetates and alcohols. It was also found that the amount of thiol substitution could be finely tuned, which led to the development of multifunctionalised polymers. The second half of this thesis explores the possible applications of the BT SNAr reaction towards semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPN) and OPVs. In Chapter 4, SPNs from polymers functionalised with azide and carboxylic groups were synthesised and the surface was found to be reactive to strained-alkynes and amines, respectively. In the final chapter, a trimethoxysilane-functionalised OPV polymer was synthesised and was found to increase the thermal stability of devices via cross-linking, with no additives required.