cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: ACHIP at SwissFEL - Electron Beam Shaping with Dielectric Micro Structures
Creators: name: Hermann, Benedikt
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 530 Physics

description: Particle accelerators are the workhorse not only for modern particle physics but also for many other scientific and medical applications. For example, at CERN, the success in exploring matter on the smallest scale is based on the large hadron collider, a 27- kilometer long circular accelerator. Impactful research in biochemistry and material science has been enabled by bright X-ray light sources such as free-electron lasers. They require accelerators on the kilometer-scale which are only available at national research facilities. Regarding medical applications, proton therapy is a successful method to fight tumors in the human body. However, the access to such complex and costly machines is limited to a fraction of humanity.

The size of the accelerator facilities in operation today is dominated by the achievable electric field gradients. During the recent century, the standard technology using metallic cavities driven by microwaves has been heavily optimized but is approaching a fundamental limit: The gradients cannot be increased beyond the vacuum breakdown limit. Plasma and dielectric accelerators are novel techniques that promise more compact and cost-efficient devices with extremely high field gradients.

This thesis focuses on diagnostics, technology and applications for dielectric electron accelerators. A new diagnostic for strongly focused electron beams has been developed: Nano-fabricated metallic wires were successfully used for phase space tomography with sub-micrometer resolution. This tool could be applied at other advanced accelerator research facilities operating with micrometer-scale beams. Furthermore, the applicability of dielectric accelerators for beam shaping at existing free-electron laser facilities has been investigated. A tunable dielectric wakefield structure has been designed and tested for passive beam shaping. This device could serve to prepare a desired longitudinal phase space for a specific free-electron laser mode. A theoretical study explores the use of a dielectric laser accelerator for pulse train generation at free-electron lasers.
ВИРУСОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ОТВЕТ ПРИ ЛЕЧЕНИИ НСV – ИНФЕКЦИИ АНТИВИРУСНЫМИ ПРЕПАРАТАМИ.
Creators: name: Фарманова, Махтоб
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Изучены эпидемиологические особенности, больных с HCV–инфекцией, которые находились под диспансерным наблюдение в поликлиниках Бухарской области, количество больных 319, из них 110(34,5%) больных мужчин и 209(65,5%) женщин. Этиологическая диагностика ХГС проводилась путём выявления РНК и генотипа вируса HCV–инфекции в сыворотке крови методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени. Выявлены у 63,9% (n=204) больных первых генотип вируса, 0,5% (n=18) второй; у 21,9% (n=70) в третий, 0,8% (n=27) четвертий. До противовирусной терапии в основной группе больных у 22 (20%) выявлен фиброз F0, у 30 (27%) F1, у 36 (31,8%) F2, у 23 (21%) больных F3. Фиброз F4 стадии отмечен у 2 (0,2%) пациентов.
Phase Diagram for Magnetic Reconnection in Heliophysical, Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasmas
Creators: name: Ji, Hantao
name: Daughton, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in understanding the physics of magnetic reconnection is conveniently summarized in terms of a phase diagram which organizes the essential dynamics for a wide variety of applications in heliophysics, laboratory and astrophysics. The two key dimensionless parameters are the Lundquist number and the macrosopic system size in units of the ion sound gyroradius. In addition to the conventional single X-line collisional and collisionless phases, multiple X-line reconnection phases arise due to the presence of the plasmoid instability either in collisional and collisionless current sheets. In particular, there exists a unique phase termed "multiple X-line hybrid phase" where a hierarchy of collisional islands or plasmoids is terminated by a collisionless current sheet, resulting in a rapid coupling between the macroscopic and kinetic scales and a mixture of collisional and collisionless dynamics. The new phases involving multiple X-lines and collisionless physics may be important for the emerging applications of magnetic reconnection to accelerate charged particles beyond their thermal speeds. A large number of heliophysical and astrophysical plasmas are surveyed and grouped in the phase diagram: Earth's magnetosphere, solar plasmas (chromosphere, corona, wind and tachocline), galactic plasmas (molecular clouds, interstellar media, accretion disks and their coronae, Crab nebula, Sgr A*, gamma ray bursts, magnetars), extragalactic plasmas (Active Galactic Nuclei disks and their coronae, galaxy clusters, radio lobes, and extragalactic jets). Significance of laboratory experiments, including a next generation reconnection experiment, is also discussed.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Physics of Plasmas
Amphipoda
Creators: name: Ivan, Marin
name: Sergey, Sinelnikov
name: Agniya, Sokolova
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda

description: Order Amphipoda
description: Published as part of Ivan, Marin, Sergey, Sinelnikov & Agniya, Sokolova, 2013, Ecological remarks and re-description of the hermit crab-associated pleustid amphipod Pleusymtes japonica (Gurjanova, 1938) (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Pleustidae: Pleusymtinae) from the Russian coasts of the Sea of Japan, pp. 581-588 in Zootaxa 3640 (4) on page 582, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3640.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/220563
Quark contribution to the gluon Regge trajectory at NLO from the high energy effective action
Creators: name: Chachamis, G.
name: Hentschinski, M.
name: Martinez, J. D. Madrigal
name: Vera, A. Sabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two loop (NLO) diagrams with quark content contributing to the gluon Regge trajectory are computed within the framework of Lipatov's effective action for QCD, using the regularization procedure for longitudinal divergencies recently proposed by two of us in http://arXiv.org/abs/arXiv:1110.6741. Perfect agreement with previous results in the literature is found, providing a robust check of the regularization prescription and showing that the high energy effective action is a very useful computational tool in the quasi-multi-Regge limit.
description: 12 page, many figures
Novel imatinib-loaded Silver nanoparticles for enhanced apoptosis of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells
Creators: name: Shandiz, Seyed Ataollah Sadat
name: Ardestani, Mehdi Shafiee
name: Shahbazzadeh, Delavar
name: Assadi, Artin
name: Cohan, Reza Ahangari
name: Asgary, Vahid
name: Salehi, Soheil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30306 Synthesis of Materials
subject: Cancer
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In the current study, in vitro biological feature of imatinib-loaded silver nanoparticles (IMAB-AgNPs) on human breast cancer cell line was investigated. The formation of synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was characterized by UV–Visible spectroscopy, EDS, TEM imaging, SEM, FTIR, DLS and Zeta potentiometer. The developed IMAB-AgNPs with maximum percentage of loading efficiency was demonstrated in the average of 130nm and mostly spherical. Additionally, in vitro drug release study showed a slow and continuous release of imatinib over a period of 80 h. We demonstrated that the synthesized IMAB-AgNPs exhibited a dose-dependent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell line. Then, real-time PCR method was also applied for the investigation of Bax and Bcl-2 gene expression in the cells. Comparing IMAB-AgNPs to AgNPs and Imatinib revealed the ability of IMAB-AgNPs to up-regulating Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. An induction of apoptosis was evidenced by Annexin–V/PI detection assay. Based on the current obtained data, the IMAB-AgNPs can exhibit inhibitory effect on viability through up regulation of apoptosis in MCF-7 cancer cells, which provides influencing evidence for the green synthesized AgNPs as a promising sustained drug delivery system.
On the simulation of the energy transmission in the forbidden band-gap of a spatially discrete double sine-Gordon system
Creators: name: Macías-Díaz, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 02.60.Lj, 02.70.Bf, 45.10.-b

description: In this work, we present a numerical method to consistently approximate solutions of a spatially discrete, double sine-Gordon chain which considers the presence of external damping. In addition to the finite-difference scheme employed to approximate the solution of the difference-differential equations of the model under investigation, our method provides positivity-preserving schemes to approximate the local and the total energy of the system, in such way that the discrete rate of change of the total energy with respect to time provides a consistent approximation of the corresponding continuous rate of change. Simulations are performed, first of all, to assess the validity of the computational technique against known qualitative solutions of coupled sine-Gordon and coupled double sine-Gordon chains. Secondly, the method is used in the investigation of the phenomenon of nonlinear transmission of energy in double sine-Gordon systems; the qualitative effects of the damping coefficient on the occurrence of the nonlinear process of supratransmission are briefly determined in this work, too.
Trichodesma discigera Champion 1914
Creators: name: Schnepp, Kyle E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Anobiidae
Trichodesma
Trichodesma discigera

description: Trichodesma discigera Champion 1914: 668
Figures 11–14
One specimen, holotype, was seen by Champion with the following labels “Acapulco, / Guerrero. / Höge. // 1907–156. // B.C.A.Coll. III.(2). / Trichodesma // [handwritten] Trichodesma / discigera Ch. // [circle outlined in red] Type / H.T.”; deposited in the NHMUK.
description: Published as part of Schnepp, Kyle E., 2023, An illustrated type catalog of Trichodesma LeConte, 1861 (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from Mexico, with description of a new species, pp. 1-19 in Insecta Mundi 2023 (24) on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10621762
String Vertex Operators and Cosmic Strings
Creators: name: Skliros, Dimitri
name: Hindmarsh, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct complete sets of (open and closed string) covariant coherent state and mass eigenstate vertex operators in bosonic string theory. This construction can be used to study the evolution of fundamental cosmic strings as predicted by string theory, and is expected to serve as a self-contained prototype toy model on which realistic cosmic superstring vertex operators can be based on. It is also expected to be useful for other applications where massive string vertex operators are of interest. We pay particular attention to all the normalization constants, so that these vertices lead directly to unitary S-matrix elements.
description: 54 pages and 2 figures. Contains also material from the withdrawn preprint hep-th/0911.5354
Replication files for "Green Urbanization"
Creators: name: Eeckhout, Jan
name: Hedtrich, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Follow the instructions in README.txt to replicate the results in the paper "Green Urbanization" by Jan Eeckhout and Christoph Hedtrich. In case you use any of the material in this repository please cite the original paper.
THE ROLE OF THE NATIONAL IDEA AND IDEOLOGY IN THE PROCESS OF GLOBALIZATION
Creators: name: Isaboyeva, Dilyora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In this study, on the example of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the forms of manifestation of the globalization process, its specific aspects, the work being carried out on the issue of educating young people in the spirit of patriotism in the conditions of globalization, the need and conditions for protecting the youth of Uzbekistan from ideas that do not correspond to their national mentality have been analyzed. During the analysis, the work of foreign researchers in this regard was commented. In the study, proposals and recommendations, scientific conclusions related to the education of young people in the spirit of patriotism and not giving in to foreign ideas are presented on the example of Uzbekistan in the context of globalization.
Magnetic adatom induced skyrmion-like spin texture in surface electron waves
Creators: name: Lounis, Samir
name: Bringer, Andreas
name: Blügel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a foreign atom is placed on a surface of a metal, the surrounding sea of electrons responds screening the additional charge leading to oscillations or ripples. On surfaces, those electrons are sometimes confined to two-dimensional surface states, whose spin-degeneracy is lifted due to the Rashba effect arising from the spin-orbit interaction of electrons and the inversion asymmetric environment. It is believed that at least for a single adatom scanning tunneling microscopy measurements are insensitive to the Rashba splitting i.e. no signatures in the charge oscillations will be observed. Resting on scattering theory, we demonstrate that, if magnetic, one single adatom is enough to visualize the presence of the Rashba effect in terms of an induced spin-magnetization of the surrounding electrons exhibiting a twisted spin texture described as superposition of two skyrmionic waves of opposite chirality.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev. Letters
Trichodesma gorhami Pic. While 1901
Creators: name: Schnepp, Kyle E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Anobiidae
Trichodesma
Trichodesma gorhami

description: Trichodesma gorhami Pic 1901: 93
Figures 15–18
 There is ambiguity regarding the names and relationships between this and Trichodesma imperator (Laporte de Castelnau). Pic (1901) provides a new name for T. imperator without any explanation why a name is needed. He indicates the author as Gorham even though Gorham (1883) attributes authorship to Laporte de Castelnau (1838) and Gorham simply provides a figure for the species. If Pic believed that Gorham was describing it and created a homonym, then his new name would be justified. It seems, however, that Pic simply renamed the species, as Champion (1913) states; “Pic renamed the insect from this figure, but he did not describe it in any way”. If we believe that both Pic and Champion thought that the figure for T. imperator from Gorham (1883) did not match the description from Laporte de Castelnau (1838), then it is possible that Pic’s 1901 name is simply a new name and not a replacement name.
 The specimen Gorham’s figure is based on is from Almolonga, Mexico, and is from Höge’s collection. This specimen, which would be the holotype, should be in the NHMUK as Champion (1913) states “The above description is taken from the two examples in the “Biologia” collection, one of these having been figured by Gorham as T. imperator.” There is a specimen in the MNHM labeled as the type of both T. imperator Gorham and T. gorhami Pic. While this specimen is from Almolonga and the “Hoege” collection, it does not match Gorham’s figure nor Champion’s description and may be mislabeled. This specimen, figured here, is the putative type from the MNHM and has the following labels “Almolonga, / Mexico. / Hoege. // [handwritten] type // [handwritten] gorhami / Pic // Museum Paris / Coll. M. Pic // [on red] SYNTYPE // SYNTYPE / Trichodesma / imperator Gorham, 1883 // SYNTYPE / Trichodesma / gorhami Pic, 1901 // MNHN, Paris / EC19799 / [QR code]”. Additional research into the identity of the specimen figured in Gorham (1883) is ongoing.
description: Published as part of Schnepp, Kyle E., 2023, An illustrated type catalog of Trichodesma LeConte, 1861 (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from Mexico, with description of a new species, pp. 1-19 in Insecta Mundi 2023 (24) on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10621762
Progress in Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory
Creators: name: Casida, M. E.
name: Huix-Rotllant, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classic density-functional theory (DFT) formalism introduced by Hohenberg, Kohn, and Sham in the mid-1960s, is based upon the idea that the complicated N-electron wavefunction can be replaced with the mathematically simpler 1-electron charge density in electronic struc- ture calculations of the ground stationary state. As such, ordinary DFT is neither able to treat time-dependent (TD) problems nor describe excited electronic states. In 1984, Runge and Gross proved a theorem making TD-DFT formally exact. Information about electronic excited states may be obtained from this theory through the linear response (LR) theory formalism. Begin- ning in the mid-1990s, LR-TD-DFT became increasingly popular for calculating absorption and other spectra of medium- and large-sized molecules. Its ease of use and relatively good accuracy has now brought LR-TD-DFT to the forefront for this type of application. As the number and the diversity of applications of TD-DFT has grown, so too has grown our understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of the approximate functionals commonly used for TD-DFT. The objective of this article is to continue where a previous review of TD-DFT in this series [Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 55: 427 (2004)] left off and highlight some of the problems and solutions from the point of view of applied physical chemistry. Since doubly-excited states have a particularly important role to play in bond dissociation and formation in both thermal and photochemistry, particular emphasis will be placed upon the problem of going beyond or around the TD-DFT adiabatic approximation which limits TD-DFT calculations to nominally singly-excited states. Posted with permission from the Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, Volume 63 \c{opyright} 2012 by Annual Reviews, http://www.annualreviews.org.
title: Fokus Jugend 2021
title: Ein Überblick in Zahlen
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schipfer, Rudolf Karl
Year: 2021
Subjects: Jugendforschung
Familienforschung
Kinderforschung
Sozialststistik

description: Die Publikation „Fokus Jugend“ bietet für Personen, die in den Bereichen Jugendpolitik und Jugendarbeit tätig sind, übersichtlich aufbereitete Zahlen, die die Situation der Jugend in Österreich darstellen und Trends sichtbar machen. Aus den Bereichen Bevölkerungsstatistik, Migration, Bildung und Ausbildung, Internetnutzung, Arbeitswelt sowie Gesundheit und Lebensbedingungen sind die wichtigsten jugendrelevanten Eckdaten in diesem Heft zusammengefasst.
title: Pigeon fanciers lung: A study of the clinical, lung function and immunological responses among pigeon fanciers
Creators: name: Tengku Ismail, Tengku Saifudin
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Immunology.

description: Pigeon Fanciers Lung (PFL) is one of the commonest causes of Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis (EAA) or Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP). It is induced by repeated inhalation of antigens from pigeons in a sensitised individual. Since the majority of fanciers do not develop the disease despite being exposed to similar amount of antigen exposure, the host's susceptibility factors including constitutional and environmental factors and the combination of these factors are prerequisite to the development of disease. Among these predisposing factors, it has been proposed that certain genetic susceptibility such as alleles of the major histocompatibility complex may increase an individual's susceptibility to develop the disease. Other environmental factors such as cigarette smoking and amount of antigen exposure may also play a role. PFL is characterised by inflammation of the lung parenchyma but it also involves small and large airways. Apart from respiratory symptoms, fanciers with PFL also develop systemic symptoms such as fever and myalgia that usually occurs 4-8 hours after antigen exposure and can last until 24 hours. The sequence of immunopathological events that contribute to the development of PFL is unresolved. Evidence supports the role of immune complexes with the exuberant antibody response and the delay in the onset of symptoms. T cell mediated response also plays a vital role with the appearance of granuloma. It is likely that these 2 processes occur simultaneously and complement each other as the immune response progresses. In view of the different clinical presentations and dynamic nature of the disease, the disease can be divided into 3 groups consisting of acute progressive, acute intermittent non progressive and chronic disease. Fanciers with an antibody response but without symptoms should be regarded as having subclinical disease as there is evidence of ongoing immune and inflammatory response and they are at risk of progressing to clinical disease. This thesis examines the immunological response and its correlation with the clinical status and other factors that may influence this response amongst pigeon fanciers. This study emphasises the complexity and the dynamic nature of this disease. The variation in each individual's immune responsiveness towards avian antigen and the various different immunological mechanisms involved in the disease process is highlighted. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
Optical Integral Field Spectroscopy of NGC 5850
Creators: name: Bremer, M.
name: Scharwächter, J.
name: Eckart, A.
name: Zuther, J.
name: Fischer, S.
name: Valencia-S, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present the preliminary results of the analysis of VIMOS observations of the central 4.5 kpc of the double-barred galaxy NGC 5850. We use optical diagnostic diagrams to study the main ionization mecahnism across the field of view confirming the LINER nature in the continuum peak location. Also a star-forming (SF) region is found close to it (0.46 kpc), a second SF region is located east of the center (1.6 kpc). Further the data reveals a complex nuclear gas kinematics which is likely to be dominated by the secondary bar.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Scalpellidae Pilsbry
Creators: name: Carriol, René-Pierre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Maxillopoda
Pedunculata
Scalpellidae

description: Family SCALPELLIDAE Pilsbry, 1907
description: Published as part of Carriol, René-Pierre, 2013, Two new species of scalpelliform barnacles (Cirripedia: Thoracica) from the Plio-Pleistocene of Cotentin, northwest France, pp. 21-30 in Zootaxa 3641 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3641.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/283685
Oscillatory exchange bias and training effects in nanocrystalline Pr0.5Ca0.5MnO3
Creators: name: Jammalamadaka, S. Narayana
name: Rao, S. S.
name: Bhat, S. V.
name: Vanacken, J.
name: Moshchalkov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on exchange bias effects in 10 nm particles of Pr0.5Ca0.5MnO3 which appear as a result of competing interactions between the ferromagnetic (FM)/anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) phases. The fascinating new observation is the demonstration of the temperature dependence of oscillatory exchange bias (OEB) and is tunable as a function of cooling field strength below the SG phase, may be attributable to the presence of charge/spin density wave (CDW/SDW) in the AFM core of PCMO10. The pronounced training effect is noticed at 5 K from the variation of the EB field as a function of number of field cycles (n) upon the field cooling (FC) process. For n > 1, power-law behavior describes the experimental data well; however, the breakdown of spin configuration model is noticed at n \geq 1.
Effective field theory for hydrodynamics: thermodynamics, and the derivative expansion
Creators: name: Dubovsky, Sergei
name: Hui, Lam
name: Nicolis, Alberto
name: Son, Dam Thanh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the low-energy effective field theory describing the infrared dynamics of non-dissipative fluids. We extend previous work to accommodate conserved charges, and we clarify the matching between field theory variables and thermodynamical ones. We discuss the systematics of the derivative expansion, for which field theory offers a conceptually clear and technically neat scheme. As an example, we compute the correction to the sound-wave dispersion relation coming from a sample second-order term. This formalism forms the basis for a study of anomalies in hydrodynamics via effective field theory, which is initiated in a companion paper.
description: 10 pages
Geometric conditions for the existence of an intrinsic rolling
Creators: name: Molina, Mauricio Godoy
name: Grong, Erlend
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37J60, 53A55, 53A17

description: We give a complete answer to the question of when two curves in two different Riemannian manifolds can be seen as trajectories of rolling one manifold on the other without twisting or slipping. We show that up to technical hypotheses, a rolling along these curves exists if and only if the geodesic curvatures of each curve coincide. By using the anti-developments of the curves, which we claim can seen of as a generalization of the geodesic curvatures, we are able to extend the result to arbitrary absolutely continuous curves. For a manifold of constant sectional curvature rolling on itself, two such curves can only differ by an isometry. In the case of surfaces, we give conditions for when loops in the manifolds lift to loops in the configuration space of the rolling.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure
A Gedankenexperiment in Gravitation
Creators: name: Gaspar, Yves
name: Acquaviva, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83Cxx

description: In this paper we consider a thought experiment involving the effect of gravitation on an ideal scale containing a photon. If the tidal forces inherent to a gravitational field are neglected, then one is led to scenario which seems to bring about perpetual motion violating the first and second principle of thermodynamics. The tidal effects of gravity must neccessarily be included in order to obtain a consistent physical theory. As a result, Albert Einstein's thought experiments according to which the physical effects of inertia in an accelerated reference frame are equivalent to the effects of gravity in a frame at rest on the surface of a massive body must be reconsidered, since linearly accelerated frames do not produce tidal effects. We argue that the equivalence between inertial effects and gravitation can be restored for rotating frames and in this context a relation with the possible nature of quantum gravity is conjectured.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Trichodesma mexicana Pic 1901
Creators: name: Schnepp, Kyle E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Anobiidae
Trichodesma
Trichodesma mexicana

description: Trichodesma mexicana Pic 1901: 93
Figures 19–22
 Although the specimen figured here is labeled with syntype labels, Pic (1901) does not specify how many specimens he had available, the description is written using a singular tense, indicating there was one specimen. The specimen available, presumably the holotype, is labeled as follows “Sierra de / Durango // [handwritten] Mexique // [handwritten] mexicana / Pic // [handwritten] type // [on red] TYPE // [handwritten] L. Ech. no 204 / 1901 p. 93 // Museum Paris / Coll. M. Pic // [on red] SYNTYPE // SYNTYPE / Trichodesma / mexicana Pic, 1901 // MNHN, Paris / EC19798 / [QR code]”; deposited in the MNHN.
description: Published as part of Schnepp, Kyle E., 2023, An illustrated type catalog of Trichodesma LeConte, 1861 (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from Mexico, with description of a new species, pp. 1-19 in Insecta Mundi 2023 (24) on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10621762
A variational framework for flow optimization using semi-norm constraints
Creators: name: Foures, D. P. G.
name: Caulfield, C. P.
name: Schmid, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76E99

description: When considering a general system of equations describing the space-time evolution (flow) of one or several variables, the problem of the optimization over a finite period of time of a measure of the state variable at the final time is a problem of great interest in many fields. Methods already exist in order to solve this kind of optimization problem, but sometimes fail when the constraint bounding the state vector at the initial time is not a norm, meaning that some part of the state vector remains unbounded and might cause the optimization procedure to diverge. In order to regularize this problem, we propose a general method which extends the existing optimization framework in a self-consistent manner. We first derive this framework extension, and then apply it to a problem of interest. Our demonstration problem considers the transient stability properties of a one-dimensional (in space) averaged turbulent model with a space- and time-dependent model "turbulent viscosity". We believe this work has a lot of potential applications in the fluid dynamics domain for problems in which we want to control the influence of separate components of the state vector in the optimization process.
description: 30 pages
Phase separation and rotor self-assembly in active particle suspensions
Creators: name: Schwarz-Linek, J.
name: Valeriani, C.
name: Cacciuto, A.
name: Cates, M. E.
name: Marenduzzo, D.
name: Morozov, A. N.
name: Poon, W. C. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adding a non-adsorbing polymer to passive colloids induces an attraction between the particles via the `depletion' mechanism. High enough polymer concentrations lead to phase separation. We combine experiments, theory and simulations to demonstrate that using active colloids (such as motile bacteria) dramatically changes the physics of such mixtures. First, significantly stronger inter-particle attraction is needed to cause phase separation. Secondly, the finite size aggregates formed at lower inter-particle attraction show unidirectional rotation. These micro-rotors demonstrate the self assembly of functional structures using active particles. The angular speed of the rotating clusters scales approximately as the inverse of their size, which may be understood theoretically by assuming that the torques exerted by the outermost bacteria in a cluster add up randomly. Our simulations suggest that both the suppression of phase separation and the self assembly of rotors are generic features of aggregating swimmers, and should therefore occur in a variety of biological and synthetic active particle systems.
description: Main text: 6 pages, 5 figures. Supplementary information: 5 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary movies available from httP://www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.1116334109/-/DCSupplemental
Connectivity of edge and surface states in topological insulators
Creators: name: Jiang, Yongjin
name: Lu, Feng
name: Zhai, Feng
name: Low, Tony
name: Hu, Jiangping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The edge states of a two-dimensional quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulator form a one-dimensional helical metal which is responsible for the transport property of the QSH insulator. Conceptually, such a one-dimensional helical metal can be attached to any scattering region as the usual metallic leads. We study the analytical property of the scattering matrix for such a conceptual multiterminal scattering problem in the presence of time reversal invariance. As a result, several theorems on the connectivity property of helical edge states in two-dimensional QSH systems as well as surface states of three-dimensional topological insulators are obtained. Without addressing real model details, these theorems, which are phenomenologically obtained, emphasize the general connectivity property of topological edge/surface states from the mere time reversal symmetry restriction.
STAR results and perspectives on transverse spin asymmetries
Creators: name: Poljak, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The STAR collaboration reported precision measurements on the transverse single spin asymmetries for the production of forward $π^0$ mesons from polarized proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 200 GeV. To disentangle contributions to measured forward asymmetries one has to look beyond inclusive $π^0$ production to the production of forward jets or direct photons. In 2006, STAR with the Forward Pion Detector++ (FPD++) in place, collected 6.8 pb$^{-1}$ of forward data with an average polarization of 60%. FPD++ had sufficient acceptance for "jet-like" objects, which are clustered responses of an electromagnetic calorimeter primarily sensitive to incident photons, electrons and positrons. For these objects, the angle of the outgoing leading $π^0$ with respect to the fragmenting parton was reconstructed, thus enabling us to disentangle the contributions to the forward $π^0$ asymmetries. The simulated data set shows that on average there are approximately 2.5 fragmenting mesons per one "jet-like" object, making them reasonably "jetty". Preliminary results provide no evidence of measured contributions to the asymmetry from jet fragmentation, implying the Sivers distribution functions play a substantial role in producing the large inclusive forward $π^0$ asymmetries. A similar effort was made in the mid-rapidity $(|η|<1)$ region of the STAR detector, where 2.2 pb$^{-1}$ of data was collected. We present progress made by making measurements of the azimuthal asymmetry of leading charged pions in jets produced by transversely polarized proton collisions.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, proceedings of the Transversity 2011 workshop
LEGAL REGULATION OF E-COMMERCE RELATIONS UNDER THE LEGISLATION OF THE EU AND CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Nusratillayev, Eldor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article discusses the regulation of e-commerce relations under the legislation of the EU and Central Asia. The existing problems and solutions in the implementation of e-commerce are presented. Normative legal documents, international acts and conventions, opinions of scientists and researchers, statistical data and features of dispute regulation in these countries are analyzed.
Exchange bias and training effects in antiferromagnetically coupled La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 / SrRuO3 superlattices
Creators: name: Jammalamadaka, S. Narayana
name: Vanacken, J.
name: Moshchalkov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exchange bias (EB) and the training effects (TE) in an antiferromagnetically coupled La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 / SrRuO3 superlattices were studied in the temperature range 1.8 - 150 K. Strong antiferromagnetic (AFM) interlayer coupling is evidenced from AC - susceptibility measurements. Below 100 K, vertical magnetization shifts are present due to the two remanent states corresponding to the two ferromagnetic (FM) layers at FM and AFM coupling condition. After field cooling (FC), significant decrease in the exchange bias field (HEB) is observed when cycling the system through several consecutive hysteresis loops. Quantitative analysis for the variation of HEB vs. number of field cycles (n) indicates an excellent agreement between the theory, based on triggered relaxation phenomena, and our experimental observations. Nevertheless, the crucial fitting parameter K indicates smooth training effect upon repeated field cycling, in accordance with our observation.
description: Accepted Europhysics Letters
title: Διερεύνηση θερμικής απόδοσης PVT
title: PVT thermal efficiency investigation
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Χριστοφίδης, Νικόλαος-Ταξιάρχης
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: PVT συλλέκτες
Ηλιακοί συλλέκτες
Ηλιακή ακτινοβολία
Θερμική απόδοση
Μέθοδος καμπυλών f
Θερμικές αναλύσεις

description: Στην παρούσα διπλωματική, γίνεται αναφορά στους PVT συλλέκτες και πιο συγκεκριμένα στη θερμική τους απόδοση. Πιο αναλυτικά, αφού παρουσιαστούν ορισμένα θεωρητικά στοιχεία όσον αφορά τη λειτουργία και τα είδη των PVT συλλεκτών, θα ακολουθήσει μια θερμική ανάλυση, δηλαδή μια παρουσίαση των στοιχείων εκείνων που απαιτούνται για τον υπολογισμό τόσο του στιγμιαίου βαθμού απόδοσης όσο και του μακροχρόνιου. Πραγματοποιείται σύγκριση 4 απλών ηλιακών συλλεκτών με 4 PVT με σκοπό τη σύγκριση του μέσου μηνιαίου βαθμού απόδοσης καθώς επίσης και του ποσοστού f κάλυψης των απαιτούμενων θερμικών αναγκών και παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας όπως επίσης και τα συμπεράσματα.
Antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer properties of phyto-Synthesised Artemisa quttensis podlech extract mediated AgNPs
Creators: name: Ghanbar, Farinaz
name: Mirzaie, Amir
name: Ashrafi, Fatemeh
name: Noorbazargan, Hassan
name: Jalali, Mojgan Dalirsaber
name: Salehi, Soheil
name: Shandiz, Seyed Ataollah Sadat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30306 Synthesis of Materials
subject: Cancer
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The focus of this study is on a rapid and cost-effective approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Artemisia quttensis Podlech aerial parts extract and assessment of their antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities. The prepared AgNPs were determined by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering and zeta-potential analysis. The AgNPs and A. quttensis extract were evaluated for their antiradical scavenging activity by 2, 2-diphenyl, 1-picryl hydrazyl assay and anticancer activity against colon cancer (human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line 29) compared with normal human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. Also, the prepared AgNPs were studied for its antibacterial activity. The AgNPs revealed a higher antioxidant activity compared with A. quttensis extract alone. The phyto-synthesised AgNPs and A. quttensis extract showed a dose–response cytotoxicity effect against HT29 and HEK293 cells. As evidenced by Annexin V/propidium iodide staining, the number of apoptotic HT29 cells was significantly enhanced, following treatment with AgNPs as compared with untreated cells. Besides, the antibacterial property of the AgNPs indicated a significant effect against the selected pathogenic bacteria. These present obtained results show the potential applications of phyto-synthesised AgNPs using A. quttensis aerial parts extract.
The height of a white-light flare and its hard X-ray sources
Creators: name: Oliveros, Juan-Carlos Martínez
name: Hudson, Hugh S.
name: Hurford, Gordon J.
name: Krucker, Säm
name: Lin, R. P.
name: Lindsey, Charles
name: Couvidat, Sebastien
name: Schou, Jesper
name: Thompson, W. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe observations of a white-light flare (SOL2011-02-24T07:35:00, M3.5) close to the limb of the Sun, from which we obtain estimates of the heights of the optical continuum sources and those of the associated hard X-ray sources.For this purpose we use hard X-ray images from the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI), and optical images at 6173 Åfrom the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). We find that the centroids of the impulsive-phase emissions in white light and hard X-rays (30-80 keV) match closely in central distance (angular displacement from Sun center), within uncertainties of order 0.2". This directly implies a common source height for these radiations, strengthening the connection between visible flare continuum formation and the accelerated electrons. We also estimate the absolute heights of these emissions, as vertical distances from Sun center. Such a direct estimation has not been done previously, to our knowledge. Using a simultaneous 195 Åimage from the Solar-Terrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO-B) spacecraft to identify the heliographic coordinates of the flare footpoints, we determine mean heights above the photosphere (as normally defined; τ= 1 at 5000 Å) of 305 \pm 170 km and 195 \pm 70 km, respectively, for the centroids of the hard X-ray (HXR) and white light (WL) footpoint sources of the flare. These heights are unexpectedly low in the atmosphere, and are consistent with the expected locations of τ= 1 for the 6173 Åand the ~40 keV photons observed, respectively.
description: Accepted in ApJ Letters, 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Βιώσιμη ηγεσία και βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη στο σύγχρονο σχολείο
title: Sustainable leadership and sustainable development in the modern school
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Μητσοπούλου, Φωτεινή
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη
subject: Βιώσιμη ηγεσία
subject: Πολιτικές
subject: Εκπαιδευτικό σύστημα
subject: Εκπαιδευτικοί
subject: Βιώσιμη κοινωνία
subject: Προκλήσεις

description: Στόχος της παρούσας μελέτης είναι να διερευνήσει το επίπεδο της βιώσιμης ανάπτυξης και της βιώσιμης ηγεσίας εντός των σύγχρονων ελληνικών σχολικών μονάδων. Ειδικότερα, μέσω της εν λόγω έρευνας επιχειρείται η μελέτη του ρόλου των σχολικών ηγετών στην προώθηση των βιώσιμων πρακτικών, αλλά και στην επίτευξη θετικών περιβαλλοντικών, κοινωνικών και οικονομικών αποτελεσμάτων, ενώ επιδιώκεται, επίσης, να αναδειχθούν οι προκλήσεις που αντιμετωπίζουν οι σχολικοί ηγέτες στο συγκεκριμένο ζήτημα και να εντοπιστούν επιτυχημένες στρατηγικές που μπορούν να εφαρμοστούν με αποτελεσματικό τρόπο. Συγκεκριμένα, ο παραπάνω στόχος υλοποιήθηκε μέσω της ποσοτικής μεθοδολογίας, καθώς χρησιμοποιήθηκε το εργαλείο του ερωτηματολογίου σε 143 εκπαιδευτικούς, που αντιπροσωπεύουν διαφορετικές ομάδες από ποικίλα εκπαιδευτικά ιδρύματα. Εν κατακλείδι, τα ευρήματα αποκαλύπτουν μια μικτή εικόνα σχετικά με την υιοθέτηση των αρχών της βιωσιμότητας στην καθημερινή ζωή, με περιορισμένη ευαισθητοποίηση και κατανόηση μεταξύ του γενικού πληθυσμού, ενώ η μελέτη τονίζει την ανάγκη για ολοκληρωμένες πολιτικές και συλλογική δράση για τη δημιουργία ενός ευνοϊκού περιβάλλοντος για βιώσιμες πρακτικές. Ωστόσο, η μελέτη υποδεικνύει, ακόμη, την έλλειψη έμφασης στη βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη εντός του ελληνικού εκπαιδευτικού συστήματος, γεγονός που εγείρει ανησυχίες σχετικά με την προετοιμασία των μελλοντικών γενεών αναφορικά με την αντιμετώπιση των περιβαλλοντικών προκλήσεων.
Trichodesma nancyae Schnepp 2023, new species
Creators: name: Schnepp, Kyle E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Anobiidae
Trichodesma
Trichodesma nancyae

description: Trichodesma nancyae Schnepp, new species
Figures 23–28
 Two specimens were seen by the author, the holotype with the following labels “ MEXICO: Guerrero / 10 km. N Chilpancingo / 22 July 1987 / R. Turnbow // [on red] HOLOTYPE / Trichodesma nancyae / Schnepp, 2023 ”; deposited in the FSCA.
description: Published as part of Schnepp, Kyle E., 2023, An illustrated type catalog of Trichodesma LeConte, 1861 (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from Mexico, with description of a new species, pp. 1-19 in Insecta Mundi 2023 (24) on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10621762
A generalization of the Pontryagin-Hill theorems to projective modules over Prüfer domains
Creators: name: Macías-Díaz, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13C10, 13C05, 16D40, 13F05

description: Motivated by the Pontryagin-Hill criteria of freeness for abelian groups, we investigate conditions under which unions of ascending chains of projective modules are again projective. Several extensions of these criteria are proved for modules over arbitrary rings and domains, including a genuine generalization of Hill's theorem for projective modules over Prüfer domains with a countable number of maximal ideals. More precisely, we prove that, over such domains, modules which are unions of countable ascending chains of projective, pure submodules are likewise projective.
Distinguishing Coulomb and electron-phonon interactions for massless Dirac fermions
Creators: name: LeBlanc, J. P. F.
name: Hwang, Jungseek
name: Carbotte, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While many physical properties of graphene can be understood qualitatively on the basis of bare Dirac bands, there is specific evidence that electron-electron (EE) and electron-phonon (EP) interactions can also play an important role. We discuss strategies for extracting separate images of the EE and EP interactions as they present themselves in the electron spectral density and related self-energies. While for momentum, $k$, equal to its Fermi value, $k_F$, a composite structure is obtained which can be difficult to separate into its two constituent parts, at smaller values of $k$ the spectral function shows distinct incoherent sidebands on the left and right of the main quasiparticle line. These image respectively the EE and EP interactions, each being most prominent in its own energy window. We employ a maximum entropy inversion technique on the self energy to reveal the electron-phonon spectral density separate from the excitation spectrum due to coulomb correlations. Our calculations show that this technique can provide important new insights into inelastic scattering processes in graphene.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures