cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mathematical appendices, simulation details, and additional results from Coadaptation of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, and the cost of mother's curse
Creators: name: Connallon, Tim
name: M. Florencia Camus
name: Morrow, Edward H.
name: Dowling, Damian K.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Strict maternal inheritance renders the mitochondrial genome susceptible to accumulating mutations that harm males, but are otherwise benign or beneficial for females. This ‘mother's curse’ effect can degrade male survival and fertility if unopposed by counteracting evolutionary processes. Coadaptation between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes—with nuclear genes evolving to compensate for male-harming mitochondrial substitutions—may ultimately resolve mother's curse. However, males are still expected to incur a transient fitness cost during mito-nuclear coevolution, and it remains unclear how severe such costs should be. We present a population genetic analysis of mito-nuclear coadaptation to resolve mother's curse effects, and show that the magnitude of the ‘male mitochondrial load’—the negative impact of mitochondrial substitutions on male fitness components—may be large, even when genetic variation for compensatory evolution is abundant. We also find that the male load is surprisingly sensitive to population size: male fitness costs of mito-nuclear coevolution are particularly pronounced in both small and large populations, and minimized in populations of intermediate size. Our results reveal complex interactions between demography and genetic constraints during the resolution of mother's curse, suggesting potentially widespread species differences in susceptibility to mother's curse effects.
Increase in traffic injury crashes following the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake in Japan: A model comparison
Creators: name: Tominaga, Ryotaro
name: Maruyama, Takuya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Following natural disasters, the number of motor vehicle crashes may increase as drivers are often forced to drive under stressful conditions. This study aims to analyze the changes in motor vehicle crashes that resulted in injury or death (injury crash) following the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake in Japan. An existing study reported that the increased crashes resulted in property damage following the earthquake; however, the effects on injury crashes remain unreported. Interrupted time series analysis is employed to investigate the changes in injury crashes following the earthquake. The results are compared based on several time series models, including negative binomial and autoregressive integrated moving average models. Monthly injury-crash data from 2011 to 2020 in Kumamoto and Fukuoka city is used. The results reveal a 1,642-count or 20% increase (1.20-times increase, 95% confidence interval: 1.12, 1.27) in injury crashes due to the earthquake in Kumamoto city, where the earthquake damage was heavy. In contrast, statistically significant change is not detected in Fukuoka city, where the earthquake damage is negligible. The results indicate that the earthquake has increased the motor-vehicle-crash risk and that traffic crash alerts are important following disasters.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF WASTE EGGSHELL-BASED COBALT OXIDE AND ZINC OXIDE NANO COMPOSITE FOR ADSORPTIVE REMOVAL OF CHROMIUM(VI) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Creators: name: SEID MOHAMMED SEID
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Chromium is one of the most hazardous pollutants in industrial effluents, the leather industry takes larger share. The goal of this study was, thus, to investigate the adsorptive capacity of eggshell-based cobalt oxide and zinc oxide nano composite for the removal of Cr (VI) ions from its aqueous solutions. The eggshell was cleared and pre-treated with hydrochloric acid. Then, the eggshell-based cobalt oxide and zinc oxide nano composite was synthesised by crafting cobalt and zinc oxides on treated eggshell and then calcinated at 600 °C for 3 hrs. The synthesized composite was characterized using scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, particle size analyser, BET, differential scanning calorimeter, thermal gravimetric analyses. The results reveal that the composite fulfils nano composite materials and adsorbents requirements. As was seen from the SEM image and evidenced from particle size analyser, the composite particles size was found in the range of 1.5–5 nm, the average being 2.4 nm. Besides, BET results showed that the nano composite had considerable surface (142 m2 /g) for adsorption. The nano composite as was studied using TGA showed that it can sustain up to 600 °C temperature. Moreover, the nano composite was 68.5% crystal as shown in the XRD analysis.
THE BACON not the bacon: How children and adults understand accented and unaccented noun phrases
Creators: name: Arnold, Jennifer E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Two eye-tracking experiments examine whether adults and 4 and 5 year old children use the presence or absence of accenting to guide their interpretation of noun phrases (e.g., the bacon) with respect to the discourse context. Unaccented nouns tend to refer to contextually accessible referents, while accented variants tend to be used for less accessible entities. Experiment 1 confirms that accenting is informative for adults, who show a bias toward previously-mentioned objects beginning 300 msec after the onset of unaccented nouns and pronouns. But contrary to findings in the literature, accented words produced no observable bias. In Experiment 2, 4 and 5 year olds were also biased toward previously-mentioned objects with unaccented nouns and pronouns. This builds on findings of limits on children’s on-line reference comprehension (Arnold, Brown-Schmidt, & Trueswell, in press), showing that children’s interpretation of unaccented nouns and pronouns is constrained in contexts with one single highly accessible object.
(400893) Oscar Fitzerland Gillett
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Cliffordtori and unbiased vectors
Creators: name: Andersson, Ole
name: Bengtsson, Ingemar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence problem for mutually unbiased bases is an unsolved problem in quantum information theory. A related question is whether every pair of bases admits vectors that are unbiased to both. Mathematically this translates to the question whether two Lagrangian Clifford tori intersect, and a body of results exists concerning it. These (deep!) results are however rather weak when viewed from the point of view of the first problem. We make a detailed study of how the intersections behave in the simplest non-trivial case, that of complex projective 2-space (the qutrit), for which the set of Clifford tori can be usefully parametrized by the unistochastic subset of Birkhoff's polytope. An interesting picture emerges. A foray into higher dimensions is included.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures; version 2 is the journal version
Additional n=4,5 clusters and cluster coordinates from Quantum chemical study of the structure, spectroscopy and reactivity of NO+.(H2O)n=1−5 clusters.
Creators: name: Linton, Kirsty A.
name: Wright, Timothy G.
name: Besley, Nicholas A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 40199 Atmospheric Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 30799 Theoretical and Computational Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Quantum chemical methods including Møller–Plesset perturbation (MP2) theory and density functional theory (DFT) have been used to study the structure, spectroscopy and reactivity of NO+.(H2O)n=1−5 clusters. MP2/6-311++ G** calculations are shown to describe the structure and spectroscopy of the clusters well. DFT calculations with exchange–correlation functionals with a low fraction of Hartree–Fock exchange give a binding energy of NO+.(H2O) that is too high and incorrectly predict the lowest energy structure of NO+.(H2O)2, and this error may be associated with a delocalization of charge onto the water molecule directly binding to NO+. Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations were performed to study the NO+.(H2O)5 → H+.(H2O)4 + HONO reaction to investigate the formation of HONO from NO+.(H2O)5. Whether an intracluster reaction to form HONO is observed depends on the level of electronic structure theory used. Of note is that methods that accurately describe the relative energies of the product and reactant clusters did not show reactions on the timescales studied. This suggests that in the upper atmosphere the reaction may occur owing to the energy present in the NO+.(H2O)5 complex following its formation.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modern theoretical chemistry’.
Babel revisited: a taxonomy for ordinary images indexing in a bilingual retrieval context
Creators: name: Ménard, Elaine
name: Smithglass, Margaret
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Search
subject: Image indexing
subject: Image retrieval
subject: bilingual taxonomy
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/XKUZIVQY
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/8RJ9U9BC
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/59ITCJ1Y

description: With the large volume of digital images now accessible on the World Wide Web, users
 searching for images can be overwhelmed by many factors. Too many available images,
 images indexed with an incomprehensible vocabulary or one that is too specialized to be
 useful are but a few examples of issues leading to frustration. In addition, language barriers
 still prevent Web users from retrieving the images they need.
 This contribution presents the preliminary results of a study proposing to explore the
 behaviours of image searchers from four different linguistic communities. The purpose of
 this preliminary study is to examine queries formulated by image searchers to learn about
 the terminology used and evaluate how this terminology can be eventually incorporated
 into the development of a bilingual taxonomy for digital image indexing. Forty participants
 from four different linguistic communities (English, French, Chinese and Russian native
 speakers) were asked to write the queries they would use to retrieve ten images that were
 shown to them consecutively. Then they were invited to fill out a questionnaire on their
 behaviours as an image searcher on the Web.
 The results of this research allowed the acquisition of knowledge of user terminology
 standards and an assessment of how that terminology might be integrated in the develop-
 ment of a bilingual taxonomy for improved indexing of ordinary digital images. Moreover,
 since language barriers regularly prevent users from easily accessing information of all kinds, the
 bilingual taxonomy will constitute a clear benefit for image searchers who are not overly
 familiar with images indexed in English, which is still the dominant language of the Web.
NLO Corrections to Double Higgs Production in the Higgs Singlet Model
Creators: name: Dawson, S.
name: Lewis, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higgs pair production at the LHC from gluon fusion is small in the Standard Model, but can be enhanced in models where a resonant enhancement is allowed. We examine the effect of a resonant contribution from a second scalar arising in a model with a gauge singlet scalar field in addition to the usual SU(2) scalar doublet, with mass up to $M_H$~600 GeV and discuss the interference effects in double Higgs production. We compute the NLO QCD corrections in the large $m_t$ limit and show that they can significantly distort kinematic distributions near the resonance peak.
description: 27 pages, 22 figures. References updated, typos fixed, and discussion added to introduction, Section IVB, and conclusion. Version to appear in PRD
title: Pilot study for the use of MO.MA proximal protection system for tandem lesions in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Creators: name: Knurowska, Agata
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Interventional vascular
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Recanalisation
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: In cerebrovascular imaging, the term tandem vascular lesions refer to the simultaneous presence of stenosis or occlusion of the cervical internal carotid artery and occlusion of the intracranial terminal internal carotid artery, usually the middle...
title: Do sonographically typical fibroadnomas in the <30 cohort require biopsy?
Creators: name: Muthuswamy, Keerthini
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Neoplasia

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: - Establish the rate of malignancy and characteristics of breast lesions in women between the ages of 25 and 30 presenting to our department, including sonographically typical fibroadenomas - Discuss the rationale for core needle biopsy of typical...
Reference production in young speakers with and without autism: Effects of discourse status and processing constraints
Creators: name: Bennetto, Loisa
name: Arnold, Jennifer E.
name: Diehl, Joshua J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: We examine the referential choices (pronouns/zeros vs. names/descriptions) made during a narrative by high-functioning children and adolescents with autism and a well-matched typically developing control group. The process of choosing appropriate referring expressions has been proposed to depend on two areas of cognitive functioning: a) judging the attention and knowledge of one’s interlocutor, and b) the use of memory and attention mechanisms to represent the discourse situation. We predicted possible group differences, since autism is often associated with deficits in a) mentalizing and b) memory and attention, as well as a more general tendency to have difficulty with the pragmatic aspects of language use. Results revealed that some of the participants with autism were significantly less likely to produce pronouns or zeros in some discourse contexts. However, the difference was only one of degree. Overall, all participants in our analysis exhibited fine-grained sensitivity to the discourse context. Furthermore, referential choices for all participants were modulated by factors related to the cognitive effort of language production.
title: Perfecting the art of writing compelling conclusions: a radiologist guide
Creators: name: Babar, Khalid
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Emergency
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Acute
subject: Education and training
subject: Patterns of Care

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To help and improve quality of radiological reports by providing clear and concise...
Witt sheaves and the $η$-inverted sphere spectrum
Creators: name: Ananyevskiy, Alexey
name: Levine, Marc
name: Panin, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P42, 14F42, 19G38, 11E81

description: Ananyevsky has recently computed the stable operations and cooperations of rational Witt theory. These computations enable us to show a motivic analog of Serre's finiteness result: Theorem: Let $k$ be a field. Then $π^{\mathbb{A}^1}_ n(\mathbb{S}^- _k )_*$ is torsion for $n > 0$. As an application we define a category of Witt motives over $k$ and show that rationally this category is equivalent to the minus part of $SH(k)_\mathbb{Q}$.
description: 16 pages
Additional n=4,5 clusters and cluster coordinates from Quantum chemical study of the structure, spectroscopy and reactivity of NO+.(H2O)n=1−5 clusters
Creators: name: Linton, Kirsty A.
name: Wright, Timothy G.
name: Besley, Nicholas A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 40199 Atmospheric Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 30799 Theoretical and Computational Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Quantum chemical methods including Møller–Plesset perturbation (MP2) theory and density functional theory (DFT) have been used to study the structure, spectroscopy and reactivity of NO+.(H2O)n=1−5 clusters. MP2/6-311++ G** calculations are shown to describe the structure and spectroscopy of the clusters well. DFT calculations with exchange–correlation functionals with a low fraction of Hartree–Fock exchange give a binding energy of NO+.(H2O) that is too high and incorrectly predict the lowest energy structure of NO+.(H2O)2, and this error may be associated with a delocalization of charge onto the water molecule directly binding to NO+. Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations were performed to study the NO+.(H2O)5 → H+.(H2O)4 + HONO reaction to investigate the formation of HONO from NO+.(H2O)5. Whether an intracluster reaction to form HONO is observed depends on the level of electronic structure theory used. Of note is that methods that accurately describe the relative energies of the product and reactant clusters did not show reactions on the timescales studied. This suggests that in the upper atmosphere the reaction may occur owing to the energy present in the NO+.(H2O)5 complex following its formation.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modern theoretical chemistry’.
Skeletons of stable maps I: Rational curves in toric varieties
Creators: name: Ranganathan, Dhruv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the Berkovich analytification of the space of genus $0$ logarithmic stable maps to a toric variety $X$ and present applications to both algebraic and tropical geometry. On algebraic side, insights from tropical geometry give two new geometric descriptions of this space of maps -- (1) as an explicit toroidal modification of $\overline M_{0,n}\times X$ and (2) as a tropical compactification in a toric variety. On the combinatorial side, we prove that the tropicalization of the space of genus $0$ logarithmic stable maps coincides with the space of tropical stable maps, giving a large new collection of examples of faithful tropicalizations for moduli. Moreover, we identify the optimal settings in which the tropicalization of the moduli space of maps is faithful. The Nishinou--Siebert correspondence theorem is shown to be a consequence of this geometric connection between the algebraic and tropical moduli spaces.
description: 28 pages, 5 TikZ figures. Final version to appear in Journal of the London Mathematical Society
(400894) Emily Barret
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Schwinger variational principle theory of collisions in the presence of multiple potentials
Creators: name: Robicheaux, F.
name: Giannakeas, P.
name: Greene, Chris H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical method for treating collisions in the presence of multiple potentials is developed by employing the Schwinger variational principle. The current treatment agrees with the local (regularized) frame transformation theory and extends its capabilities. Specifically, the Schwinger variational approach gives results without the divergences that need to be regularized in other methods. Furthermore, it provides a framework to identify the origin of these singularities and possibly improve the local frame transformation. We have used the method to obtain the scattering parameters for different confining potentials symmetric in $x,y$. The method is also used to treat photodetachment processes in the presence of various confining potentials, thereby highlighting effects of the infinitely many closed channels. Two general features predicted are the vanishing of the total photoabsorption probability at {\it every} channel threshold and the occurrence of resonances below the channel thresholds for negative scattering lengths. In addition, the case of negative ion photodetachment in the presence of uniform magnetic fields is also considered where unique features emerge at large scattering lengths.
Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson classes for Schubert cells in flag manifolds
Creators: name: Aluffi, Paolo
name: Mihalcea, Leonardo C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C17, 14N15

description: We obtain an algorithm computing the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson (CSM) classes of Schubert cells in a generalized flag manifold G/B. In analogy to how the ordinary divided difference operators act on Schubert classes, each CSM class of a Schubert class is obtained by applying certain Demazure-Lusztig type operators to the CSM class of a cell of dimension one less. These operators define a representation of the Weyl group on the homology of G/B. By functoriality, we deduce algorithmic expressions for CSM classes of Schubert cells in any flag manifold G/P. We conjecture that the CSM classes of Schubert cells are an effective combination of (homology) Schubert classes, and prove that this is the case in several classes of examples. We also extend our results and conjectures to the torus equivariant setting.
description: This version includes the equivariant case
title: Realabily of MR and CT in management of post Covid invasive fungal sinusitis
Creators: name: Khedr, Doaa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Abscess
subject: Acute
subject: Inflammation

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The worldwide spread of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections, seen associated with challenges in the management and treatments options 1 . Variable studies reported opportunistic infections in COVID patients are associated with increased...
title: Chest wall tumors: a systematic approach
Creators: name: Servietti, Martina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Education
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: In this article, we analyze the most common chest wall tumors (CWT) findings in adult patients and describe a systematic, epidemiological, and radiological approach in order to provide valid diagnostic...
Lattice topology and spontaneous parametric down-conversion in quadratic nonlinear waveguide arrays
Creators: name: Leykam, Daniel
name: Solntsev, Alexander S.
name: Sukhorukov, Andrey A.
name: Desyatnikov, Anton S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze spontaneous parametric down-conversion in various experimentally feasible 1D quadratic nonlinear waveguide arrays, with emphasis on the relationship between the lattice's topological invariants and the biphoton correlations. Nontrivial topology results in a nontrivial "winding" of the array's Bloch waves, which introduces additional selection rules for the generation of biphotons. These selection rules are in addition to, and independent of existing control using the pump beam's spatial profile and phase matching conditions. In finite lattices, nontrivial topology produces single photon edge modes, resulting in "hybrid" biphoton edge modes, with one photon localized at the edge and the other propagating into the bulk. When the single photon band gap is sufficiently large, these hybrid biphoton modes reside in a band gap of the bulk biphoton Bloch wave spectrum. Numerical simulations support our analytical results.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
title: Dual-energy CT in Musculoskeletal imaging, a promising tool.
Creators: name: Da Silva Torres, Marina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Oedema

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review the basic principles of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) and its main post processing tools. Collect the main applications in the musculoskeletal...
title: Ground-Glass Opacity: CT Findings and Differential Diagnosis
Creators: name: Clemenza, Mariangela
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Education
subject: Acute
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To highlight the HRCT pattern of ground-glass opacity (GGO). To define acute and chronic causes of GGO. To describe radiological features of diseases which reproduce this...
Modeling faults among mountainous highway fatal crash-involved drivers with different route familiarity levels
Creators: name: Xue, Gang
name: Zhu, Zian
name: Liu, Qiandong
name: Wen, Huiying
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: With the constrained topography and road geometry, adverse weather conditions and restricted roadway facilities, mountainous highway crash rates and fatality rates are much higher. Considering the potential influence of driver’s route familiarity level on driving behavior and fault assignment, this research investigates high- and low- route familiarity level drivers (HRF and LRF drivers) fault assignment in mountainous highway fatal crashes in Yunnan Province of China by examining factors of driver, crash/environment and pre-crash behaviors. Yunnan Province is famous for its tourism, and tourism can also bring in many drivers with low-route familiarity levels. Spatial distance away from residence-based method is used for identifying route familiarity levels of the drivers in this study. We employed two separate binary logistic regression models to investigate the effects of the explanatory variables on the likelihoods that the HRF or LRF drivers were at fault in the mountainous highway fatal crashes. The results show that driver under alcohol influence, sharp turn, dawn/dusk and left turning are 4 common factors that significantly influence both HRF and LRF drivers’ fault assignments. Factors including driver age, driver seatbelt use, weather condition, road type, section type, lighting condition and pre-crash behaviors have different or opposite influences on HRF and LRF drivers’ fault assignments. HRF drivers are much easier to be distracted under the conditions that are without the need of extra attention. LRF drivers have much more difficulties in figuring out, responding to and making timely driving behavior adjustment to ensure their driving safety on the high-risk sections like tunnels, continuous long downhills and sharp turns. Street parking/backing and left turning of the LRF drivers are very serious problems on the mountainous highways in China. There is a large difference of significant factors contributing to the fault assignment of HRF and LRF drivers in mountainous highway fatal crashes. Some more effective and targeted countermeasures are put forward for HRF and LRF drivers and transportation managers to improve mountainous highway traffic safety.
title: Incidental Findings in Chest CT by Artificial Intelligence Products in an Overworked COVID-19 Hospital's Radiology Department
Creators: name: Petrash, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Cancer
subject: Osteoporosis

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The pandemic significantly increases radiologists' workload in hospitals with many admitted COVID-19 patients. Under conditions of increased workload [1] and a large focus on COVID-19, doctors may miss other pathologies [2], mainly in other organs....
Electronic supplementary material from Rapid phenotypic evolution following shifts in life cycle complexity.
Creators: name: Bonett, Ronald M.
name: Phillips, John G.
name: Nicholus M. Ledbetter
name: Martin, Samuel D.
name: Lehman, Luke
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Contains supplemental Tables and Figures
Grotesque images and carnival culture in the tradition of Ovid
Creators: name: Pasakaleva, Bogdana
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2023
Subjects: Grotesque
Metamorphosis
Image
Time

description: The text aims at developing a new definition of the grotesque as an esthetic category on the basis of Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of the expression of carnival culture in grotesque images that prioritizes the process of becoming over the state of being. This new definition understands the grotesque as a "dialectical image" (W. Benjamin), that is an image that discloses time as dimension. The analysis focuses on Renaissance grotesques in Dante’s “Inferno” and Rabelais’ “Gargantua” and collocates them to Ovid’s stylistic inventions in the representation of the mythical metamorphoses in order to disclose the intricate relationship between popular medieval tradition of grotesque images and early modern re-interpretation of Classical Antiquity. This relationship creates the historical-temporal aspect of their message.
title: Feasibility of 3-T susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) for detection and evaluation of intrarticular hemosiderin deposit in patient with adult's onset Stills disease: a pilot study.
Creators: name: Monti, Riccardo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Haemorrhage

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Adult onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic autoinflammatory condition, characterised by fever, arthritis, skin rash, and joint involvement is one of its clinical manifestation.The most common MRI finding in AOSD is the presence of...
electronic supplementary material from Rapid phenotypic evolution following shifts in life cycle complexity
Creators: name: Bonett, Ronald M.
name: Phillips, John G.
name: Nicholus M. Ledbetter
name: Martin, Samuel D.
name: Lehman, Luke
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Contains supplemental Tables and Figures
Homology of braid groups, the Burau representation, and $\mathbb{F}_q$-points on superelliptic curves
Creators: name: Chen, Weiyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The reduced Burau representation $V_n$ of the braid group $B_n$ is obtained from the action of $B_n$ on the homology of an infinite cyclic cover of the disc with $n$ punctures. The group homology $H_*(B_n;V_n)$ of braid groups with coefficients in the complexified reduced Burau representation is calculated. Our topological calculation has the following arithmetic interpretation (which also has different algebraic proofs): the expected number of points on a random superelliptic curve of a fixed genus over $\mathbb{F}_q$ is exactly $q$.
description: 18 pages. v3: minor changes
(400896) Jane Wilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Wear or not wear the Mask, this is shouldn´t be the issue!
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Luís
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Professional issues
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Mammography
subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Workforce

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019, is showing us that one-third of the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cases are asymptomatic. A universal masking policy is needed inside of our healthcare facilities. Healthcare professionals comply...
A new method for deriving the stellar birth function of resolved stellar populations
Creators: name: Gennaro, Mario
name: Tchernyshyov, Kirill
name: Brown, Tom
name: Gordon, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method for deriving the stellar birth function (SBF) of resolved stellar populations. The SBF (stars born per unit mass, time, and metallicity) is the combination of the initial mass function (IMF), the star-formation history (SFH), and the metallicity distribution function (MDF). The framework of our analysis is that of Poisson Point Processes (PPPs), a class of statistical models suitable when dealing with points (stars) in a multidimensional space (the measurement space of multiple photometric bands). The theory of PPPs easily accommodates the modeling of measurement errors as well as that of incompleteness. Compared to most of the tools used to study resolved stellar populations, our method avoids binning stars in the color-magnitude diagram and uses the entirety of the information (i.e., the whole likelihood function) for each data point; the proper combination of the individual likelihoods allows the computation of the posterior probability for the global population parameters. This includes unknowns such as the IMF slope and combination of SFH and MDF, which are rarely solved for simultaneously in the literature, however entangled and correlated they might be. Our method also allows proper inclusion of nuisance parameters, such as distance and extinction distributions. The aim of this paper, is to assess the validity of this new approach under a range of assumptions, using only simulated data. Forthcoming work will show applications to real data. Although it has a broad scope of possible applications, we have developed this method to study multi-band HST observations of the Milky Way Bulge. Therefore we will focus on simulations with characteristics similar to those of the Galactic Bulge.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Natural forces as agents: Reconceptualizing the animate–inanimate distinction
Creators: name: Lowder, Matthew W.
name: Gordon, Peter C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Research spanning multiple domains of psychology has demonstrated preferential processing of animate as compared to inanimate entities—a pattern that is commonly explained as due to evolutionarily adaptive behavior. Forces of nature represent a class of entities that are semantically inanimate but which behave as if they are animate in that they possess the ability to initiate movement and cause actions. We report an eye-tracking experiment demonstrating that natural forces are processed like animate entities during online sentence processing: they are easier to integrate with action verbs than instruments, and this effect is mediated by sentence structure. The results suggest that many cognitive and linguistic phenomena that have previously been attributed to animacy may be more appropriately attributed to perceived agency. To the extent that this is so, the cognitive potency of animate entities may not be due to vigilant monitoring of the environment for unpredictable events as argued by evolutionary psychologists but instead may be more adequately explained as reflecting a cognitive and linguistic focus on causal explanations that is adaptive because it increases the predictability of events.
Bulk disorder in the superconductor affects proximity-induced topological superconductivity
Creators: name: Hui, Hoi-Yin
name: Sau, Jay D.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate effects of ordinary nonmagnetic disorder in the bulk of a superconductor on magnetic adatom-induced Shiba states and on the proximity-induced superconductivity in a nanowire that is tunnel coupled to the bulk superconductor. Within the formalism of self-consistent Born approximation, we show that, contrary to widespread belief, the proximity-induced topological superconductivity can be adversely affected by the bulk superconducting disorder even in the absence of any disorder in the nanowire (or the superconductor-nanowire interface) when the proximity tunnel coupling is strong. In particular, bulk disorder can effectively randomize the Shiba-state energies. In the case of a proximate semiconductor nanowire, we numerically compute the dependence of the effective disorder and pairing gap induced on the wire as a function of the semiconductor-superconductor tunnel coupling. We find that the scaling exponent of the induced disorder with respect to coupling is always larger than that of the induced gap, implying that at weak coupling, the proximity-induced pairing gap dominates, whereas at strong coupling, the induced disorder dominates. These findings bring out the importance of improving the quality of the bulk superconductor itself (in addition to the quality of the nanowire and the interface) in the experimental search for solid-state Majorana fermions in proximity-coupled hybrid structures and, in particular, points out the pitfall of pursuing strong coupling between the semiconductor and the superconductor in a goal toward having a large proximity gap. In particular, our work establishes that the bulk superconductor in strongly coupled hybrid systems for Majorana studies must be in the ultraclean limit, since otherwise the bulk disorder is likely to completely suppress all induced topological superconductivity effects.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
title: CSF pressure changes: what you should recognize in neuroimaging
Creators: name: Pasquarelli, Aline
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Cerebrospinal fluid

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Intracranial hypotension and idiopathic intracranial hypertension are often underdiagnosed syndromes, which are caused by pressure changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compartment. The aim of this study is to describe imaging findings of these...
(400891) Oscar Fitzallen Gillette
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Smile to see the forest: Facially expressed positive emotions broaden cognition
Creators: name: Johnson, Kareem J.
name: Waugh, Christian E.
name: Fredrickson, Barbara L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The broaden hypothesis, part of Fredrickson’s (1998, 2001) broaden-and-build theory, proposes that positive emotions lead to broadened cognitive states. Here, we present evidence that cognitive broadening can be produced by frequent facial expressions of positive emotion. Additionally, we present a novel method of using facial electromyography (EMG) to discriminate between Duchenne (genuine) and non-Duchenne (non-genuine) smiles. Across experiments, Duchenne smiles occurred more frequently during positive emotion inductions than neutral or negative inductions. Across experiments, Duchenne smiles correlated with self-reports of specific positive emotions. In Experiment 1, high frequencies of Duchenne smiles predicted increased attentional breadth on a global–local visual processing task. In Experiment 2, high frequencies of Duchenne smiles predicted increased attentional flexibility on a covert attentional orienting task. These data underscore the value of using multiple methods to measure emotional experience in studies of emotion and cognition.
(400892) Juliet Barclay
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Cognitive vulnerability to depression: A comparison of the weakest link, keystone and additive models
Creators: name: Weitlauf, Amy S.
name: Ciesla, Jeffrey A.
name: Reilly, Laura C.
name: Anderson, Nicholas L.
name: Felton, Julia W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Multiple theories of cognitive vulnerability to depression have been proposed, each focusing on different aspects of negative cognition and utilising different measures of risk. Various methods of integrating such multiple indices of risk have been examined in the literature, and each demonstrates some promise. Yet little is known about the interrelations among these methods, or their incremental validity in predicting changes in depression. The present study compared three integrative models of cognitive vulnerability: the additive, weakest link, and keystone models. Support was found for each model as predictive of depression over time, but only the weakest link model demonstrated incremental utility in predicting changes in depression over the other models. We also explore the correlation between these models and each model’s unique contribution to predicting onset of depressive symptoms.