cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Cyclic electrodialysis process : investigation of closed systems
Creators: name: Bass, Dieter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Cyclic electrodialysis is a novel separation process in which a modified membrane stack is operated in a periodic unsteady-state manner. Repeated reversals of polarity could avoid the main problems encountered in conventional electrodialysis; fouling and scale formation on the membranes. In cyclic electrodialysis the standard electrodialysis stack is converted into an adsorption-desorption stack with only one set of flow channels, the other set being replaced by storage compartments. Thesr compartments are in the form of three-layer membranes consisting of an anion and a cation selective membrane enclosing a core of non- selective material. The depleted and enriched products are produced successively in the single set of channels instead of simultaneously in adjacent channels. The process is potentially applicable for commercial desalination of brackish water to make it potable, to remove harmful ions from discharge waters, or to concentrate ionic solutions for recovery of valuable materials. Previously reported experiments with aqueous NaCl solutions in a closed (batch) system showed that a large separation factor could be obtained in cyclic electrodialysis. Batch operation is somewhat analogous to total reflux in distillation. The present work extends the earlier work to potentially more useful operating conditions in which feed is supplied and product removed. A constant-rate model has been developed for the process and used extensively throughout the work as a simple and efficient tool to compare various operating cycles and modes of operation. Scattered articles in the literature on the resistance of an electrodialysis stack have been compiled to develop a stack resistance model. Good agreement was obtained between the model predictions and measured values of resistance. Experimental apparatus is described and the effects of the following eight system parameters are reported: (i) Demineralizing path length (ii) Production rate (iii) Pause time (iv) Applied voltage (v) Initial concentration (vi) No-pause operation (vii) Pure-pause operation (vii) Semi-symmetric operation Large separations were achieved for asymmetrical paused operation with long demineralizing path, long pause time, high applied voltage, low feed concentration and small production rate. Despite the strong trade-off between production rate and separation, a separation factor as high as 50 was obtained at the highest production rate used. This value is higher than that obtained in commercial plants currently in use. The process looks promising and is worth further consideration.
Adiabatic initial conditions for perturbations in interacting dark energy models
Creators: name: Majerotto, Elisabetta
name: Valiviita, Jussi
name: Maartens, Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new systematic analysis of the early radiation era solution in an interacting dark energy model to find the adiabatic initial conditions for the Boltzmann integration. In a model where the interaction is proportional to the dark matter density, adiabatic initial conditions and viable cosmologies are possible if the early-time dark energy equation of state parameter is $w_e > -4/5$. We find that when adiabaticity between cold dark matter, baryons, neutrinos and photons is demanded, the dark energy component satisfies automatically the adiabaticity condition. As supernovae Ia or baryon acoustic oscillation data require the recent-time equation of state parameter to be more negative, we consider a time-varying equation of state in our model. In a companion paper [arXiv:0907.4987] we apply the initial conditions derived here, and perform a full Monte Carlo Markov Chain likelihood analysis of this model.
description: 12 pages. V2: Minor changes, references added, conclusions extended; Accepted by MNRAS
Power to the people? Populism, democracy, and political participation: a citizen's perspective
Creators: name: Zaslove, Andrej
name: Geurkink, Bram
name: Jacobs, Kristof
name: Akkerman, Agnes
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Much research is devoted to the relationship between populist parties and democracy. However, relatively little is known about the relationship between citizens’ populist attitudes and democracy. This article examines the relationship between populist attitudes, support for democracy, and political participation (voting, protest, support for referendums, and support for deliberative forms of participation). Using survey data from the Netherlands, this article shows that individuals with stronger populist attitudes are more supportive of democracy, are less likely to protest, are more supportive of referendums, and are more supportive of deliberative forms of political participation compared to individuals with weaker populist attitudes. Results show no relationship between populist attitudes and voting. These findings provide important insights into the relationship between populism, democracy, and political participation from a citizen’s perspective.
Electronic, magnetic, half-Metallic, pressure-induced elastic and curie temperature predictions of Zr2RhTl Heusler alloy: DFT and EFT studies
Creators: name: Özdemir, Evren Görkem
name: Doğruer, Semih
name: Merdan, Ziya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The DFT method investigated the total and partial magnetic moments, half-metallic characters, and pressure-dependent elastic properties of Zr2RhTl alloy. According to the ground state properties, the FM phase is more stable in energy than the AFM and NM phases. The Curie temperature value was obtained as 897.43 K with the help of the energy differences of the AFM and FM phases. The total magnetic moment of Zr2RhTl alloy was obtained as 2.00 µB/f.u. Partial magnetic moment values were obtained as 0.810, 0.506, 0.032, and 0.009 µB for Zr1, Zr2, Rh, and Tl atoms, respectively. All these total and partial magnetic moment values and Curie temperatures were supported by the Effective Field Theory (EFT) method. In addition, partial Curie temperatures of Zr2RhTl alloy were calculated by EFT separately for each element. The up-spins of Zr2RhTl alloy show metallic character in both the GGA and GGA + mBJ approximations, while the down-spins have band gaps of 0.698 and 0.699 eV, respectively. Electronic properties were also supported by GGA + U (U = 1, 2, 3 eV) interactions. Therefore, Zr2RhTl alloy is a true half-metallic ferromagnetic material. Zr2RhTl alloy was elastically stable, and the Debye temperature was calculated as 221.496 K at 0 GPa. All calculations obtained using two different methods (DFT and EFT) and two different approximations (GGA and GGA + mBJ) support each other. Therefore, Zr2RhTl alloy proved to be a very suitable material to be used as an alternative for spintronics.
La inspiración en el quehacer literario: de dónde nos vienen las ideas
Creators: name: Kam Wen, Siu
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: La inspiración en el quehacer literario: de dónde nos vienen las ideas
description: Altre Modernità, 2014: NUMERO SPECIALE Migrazioni, diaspora, esilio nelle letterature e culture ispanoamericane
Aqueous Alteration on Asteroids Simplifies Soluble Organic Matter Mixtures
Creators: name: Isa, Junko
name: Orthous-Daunay, François-régis
name: Beck, Pierre
name: Herd, Christopher D. K.
name: Vuitton, Veronique
name: Flandinet, Laurène
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Biologically relevant abiotic extraterrestrial soluble organic matter (SOM) has been widely investigated to study the origin of life and the chemical evolution of protoplanetary disks. Synthesis of biologically relevant organics, in particular, seems to require aqueous environments in the early solar system. However, SOM in primitive meteorites includes numerous chemical species besides the biologically relevant ones, and the reaction mechanisms that comprehensively explain the complex nature of SOM are unknown. Besides, the initial reactants, which formed before asteroid accretion, were uncharacterized. We examined the mass distribution of SOM extracted from three distinct Tagish Lake meteorite fragments, which exhibit different degrees of aqueous alteration though they originated from a single asteroid. We report that mass distributions of SOM in the primordial fragments are well fit by the SchulzZimm (SZ) model for the molecular weight distribution patterns found in chain growth polymerization experiments. Also, the distribution patterns diverge further from SZ with increasing degrees of aqueous alteration. These observations imply that the complex nature of the primordial SOM (1) was established before severe alteration on the asteroid, (2) possibly existed before parent-body accretion, and (3) later became simplified on the asteroid. Therefore, aqueous reactions on asteroids are not required conditions for cultivating complex SOM. Furthermore, we found that overall H over C ratios of SOM decrease with increasing aqueous alteration, and the estimate of H loss from the SOM is 10% to 30%. Organics seem to be a significant H2 source that may have caused subsequent chemical reactions in the Tagish Lake meteorite parent body.
description: 29 pages
Additional file 5 of Individual or combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a time-to-event meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jiang, Chuang
name: Cheng, Gong
name: Liao, Mingheng
name: Huang, Jiwei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Table 1. The NOS quality assessment of included cohort studies.
Estimation of tonic and phasic pupillometric signals
Creators: name: Mittner, Matthias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Neuroscience and Physiological Psychology
subject: 170110 Psychological Methodology, Design and Analysis

description: This is an outline of a novel algorithm for estimating tonic and phasic contributes to the global pupillometric signal.
“Los moertos te avlan en linguas de atras”. Tela de sevoya di Myriam Moscona
Creators: name: Cassani, Alessia
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: “Los moertos te avlan en linguas de atras”.
Tela de sevoya di Myriam Moscona
(Myriam Moscona, Tela de sevoya, México, Random House Mondadori,
2012, 292 pp. ISBN 978-607-311-147-8)
di Alessia Cassani
description: Altre Modernità, 2014: NUMERO SPECIALE Migrazioni, diaspora, esilio nelle letterature e culture ispanoamericane
The development of a border strip irrigation system in the Nicola Valley
Creators: name: Madani, Seyed Ali
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The research reported has been carried out to develop a border irrigation system for the semi-arid region in the Nicola Valley in British Columbia. To develop a border irrigation system in the Valley a 60 acre field was surveyed and the design of land grading prepared. A small section of the larger prepared field was selected for this study and three border strips, each having the same length with different widths, were constructed. .Formulas and curves were used for the design calculation of slope, discharge, depth of water to be applied, required amount of water, and the time of application for each strip. Infiltration rates, soil moisture capacities and soil classification are reported.
ยาต้านมะเร็งที่มีฤทธิ์ยับยั้งไซคลินดีเพนเดนท์ไคเนส ;Cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitors
Creators: name: สรายุทธ์ จันทร์มหเสถียร
Publisher: name: คณะเภสัชศาสตร์ ม.ศิลปากร/โรงพิมพ์เพชรเกษมพริ้นติ้ง กรุ๊ป
Year: 2549
Subjects: cell cycle, cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitors,flavapiridol, UCN-01

description: ม.ค.-ต.ค., 3, ไทยไภษัชยนิพนธ์
Veto power fosters cooperative behaviour: institutional incentives and government-opposition voting in the German Bundestag
Creators: name: Hohendorf, Lukas
name: Saalfeld, Thomas
name: Sieberer, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This article argues that opposition veto power in institutional arenas such as second chambers can foster a more consensual relationship between government and opposition parties in parliament. This theoretical claim is supported in the article using data on legislative voting behaviour in the German Bundestag. The statistical analysis shows that opposition and government parties are much more likely to vote the same way, if the opposition controls a majority in the second chamber and this chamber enjoys veto power. This pattern holds even when controlling for policy-area specific ideological distances between government and opposition parties and electoral signalling incentives. The article’s findings suggest that government and opposition parties seek compromises early in the legislative process and that bicameral conflicts are often already resolved in the lower chamber. The results here support theoretical arguments on the absorption of institutional veto players and challenge the frequent claim that opposition veto power leads to more competitive behaviour and gridlock.
Lorentzian spacetimes with constant curvature invariants in four dimensions
Creators: name: Coley, Alan
name: Hervik, Sigbjorn
name: Pelavas, Nicos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate four dimensional Lorentzian spacetimes with constant curvature invariants ($CSI$ spacetimes). We prove that if a four dimensional spacetime is $CSI$, then either the spacetime is locally homogeneous or the spacetime is a Kundt spacetime for which there exists a frame such that the positive boost weight components of all curvature tensors vanish and the boost weight zero components are all constant. We discuss some of the properties of the Kundt-$CSI$ spacetimes and their applications. In particular, we discuss $\mathcal{I}$-symmetric spaces and degenerate Kundt $CSI$ spacetimes.
description: 20pages, CQG accepted
The compressibility of quark matter under strong magnetic field in the NJL model
Creators: name: Yang, Li
name: Wen, Xin-Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The compressibility of magnetized quark matter is investigated in the SU(2) NJL model. The increases of the chemical potential and the temperature can reduce the compressibility, and lead to the much stiffer equation of state. The variation of the compressibility with the magnetic field will depend on the phase region. Due to the anisotropic structure, the compressibility is different in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the field. The discontinuity of longitudinal compressibility with the chemical potential and the temperature captures the signature of a first-order chiral phase transition and the crossover at high temperature. Moreover, the magnetic-field-and-temperature running coupling would have an important effect on the position of the phase transition. Under the lowest landau level approximation at zero temperature, the longitudinal compressibility has a direct inverse proportional relation to the magnetic field strength and the chemical potential square as $κ^\parallel_{\mathrm{LLL},χ}\propto1/(eB μ^2)$.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Complex dynamics in coevolution models with ratio-dependent functional response
Creators: name: Rikvold, Per Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the complex dynamical behavior of two simple predator-prey models of biological coevolution that on the ecological level account for interspecific and intraspecific competition, as well as adaptive foraging behavior. The underlying individual-based population dynamics are based on a ratio-dependent functional response [W.M. Getz, J. Theor. Biol. 108, 623 (1984)]. Analytical results for fixed-point population sizes in some simple communities are derived and discussed. In long kinetic Monte Carlo simulations we find quite robust, approximate 1/f noise in species diversity and population sizes, as well as power-law distributions for the lifetimes of individual species and the durations of periods of relative evolutionary stasis. Adaptive foraging enhances coexistence of species and produces a metastable low-diversity phase and a stable high-diversity phase.
description: 19 pages
Vulnerability to Environmental Exposure in the Context of Air Pollution Changes and Daily Out-Patient Visits in Chiang Mai, Thailand
Creators: name: Nareerut Pudpong
Publisher: name: คณะสิ่งแวดล้อมและทรัพยากรศาสตร์
Year: 2011
Subjects: Vulnerability, Air pollution, Exposure, Out-patient visits, Chiang Mai, Thailand

description: 2, 9, Environment and Natural Resources Journal
Physical and Geometrical Parameters of the Evolved Binary System HD6009
Creators: name: Al-Wardat, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atmospheric modeling and dynamical analysis of the components of the visually close binary system (VCBS) HD6009 were used to estimate their individual physical and geometrical parameters. Model atmospheres were constructed using a grid of Kurucz solar metalicity blanketed models and used to compute the individual synthetic spectral energy distribution (SED) for each component separately. These SEDs were combined together to compute the entire SED for the system from the net luminosities of the components $a$ and $b$ located at a distance $d$ from the Earth. %The entire observational SED of the system was used as a reference for the comparison with the synthetic ones. We used the feedback modified parameters and iteration method to get the best fit between synthetic and observational entire SEDs. The physical and geometrical parameters of the system's components were derived as: $T_{\rm eff}^{a} =5625\pm75$\,K, $T_{\rm eff}^{b} =5575\pm75$\,K, log $g_{a}=3.75\pm0.25$, log $g_{b}=3.75\pm0.25$, $R_{a}=2.75\pm0.30 R_\odot$, $R_{b}=2.65\pm0.30 R_\odot$, $M_v^{a}= 2\fm80\pm0.30$, $M_v^{b}=2\fm93\pm0.30$, $M_a= 1.42\pm0.15 M_{\odot}$, $M_b=1.40\pm0.15 M_{\odot}$, $L_a=6.80\pm0.75 L_\odot$, $L_b=6.09\pm0.75 L_\odot$ and $π=14.43$mas dynamical parallax. The system is shown to be consist of G6 IV primary and G6 IV secondary components.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 7 Tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1311.5721, arXiv:1204.4589
Observational constraints on an interacting dark energy model
Creators: name: Valiviita, Jussi
name: Maartens, Roy
name: Majerotto, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use observations of cosmic microwave background anisotropies, supernova luminosities and the baryon acoustic oscillation signal in the galaxy distribution to constrain the cosmological parameters in a simple interacting dark energy model with a time-varying equation of state. Using a Monte Carlo Markov Chain technique we determine the posterior likelihoods. Constraints from the individual data sets are weak, but the combination of the three data sets confines the interaction constant $Γ$ to be less than 23% of the expansion rate of the Universe $H_0$; at 95% CL $-0.23 < Γ/H_0 < +0.15$. The CMB acoustic peaks can be well fitted even if the interaction rate is much larger, but this requires a larger or smaller (depending on the sign of interaction) matter density today than in the non-interacting model. Due to this degeneracy between the matter density and the interaction rate, the only observable effect on the CMB is a larger or smaller integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect. While SN or BAO data alone do not set any direct constraints on the interaction, they exclude the models with very large matter density, and hence indirectly constrain the interaction rate when jointly analysed with the CMB data. To enable the analysis described in this paper, we present in a companion paper [arXiv:0907.4981] a new systematic analysis of the early radiation era solution to find the adiabatic initial conditions for the Boltzmann integration.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures. V2: Improved typography (2-column format); References and a motivation of CPL parametrization added; Accepted by MNRAS
Seat enlargements in mixed-member proportional systems: evidence from the German Länder
Creators: name: Weinmann, Philipp
name: Grotz, Florian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cancer
Science Policy

description: The German mixed-member proportional (MMP) system is considered a role model worldwide. Nevertheless, it has a neglected side-effect: it may produce greatly enlarged parliaments, like the 2017 Bundestag with 111 additional seats. Thus, it is highly relevant to know under which conditions MMP systems lead to such seat enlargements. The article explores this question for the German Länder that have used various MMP versions and seen occasional parliamentary inflations. The analysis demonstrates that a two-stage model of party-system features and institutional factors explain enlargements under MMP systems in 156 Länder elections from 1947 to 2019. Concerning the party system features, enlargements are driven by high seat concentrations in single-member districts and low list-vote shares of the largest party. Institutionally, high ratios of SMD seats and full levelling of surplus seats affect parliamentary oversize. These results have important implications for MMP systems in Germany and other countries.
Phase behaviour of deionized binary mixtures of charged colloidal spheres
Creators: name: Lorenz, Nina J
name: Schoepe, Hans Joachim
name: Reiber, Holger
name: Palberg, Thomas
name: Wette, Patrick
name: Klassen, Ina
name: Holland-Moritz, Dirk
name: Herlach, Dieter
name: Okubo, Tsuneo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent work on the phase behaviour of binary charged sphere mixtures as a function of particle concentration and composition. Both size ratios and charge ratios are varied over a wide range. By contrast to hard spheres the long ranged Coulomb interaction stabilizes the crystal phase at low particle concentrations and shifts the occurrence of amorphous solids to particle concentrations considerably larger than the freezing concentration. Depending on size- and charge ratios we observe upper azeotrope, spindle, lower azeotrope and eutectic types of phase diagrams, all known well from metal systems. Most solids are of body centred cubic structure. Occasionally stoichiometric compounds are formed at large particle concen-trations. For very low size ratios entropic effects dominate and induce a fluid-fluid phase separation. As for charged spheres also the charge ratio is decisive for the type of phase behaviour, future experiments with charge variable silica spheres are suggested.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables
Stellar populations in local AGNs: evidence for enhanced star formation in the inner 100pc
Creators: name: Dahmer-Hahn, L. G.
name: Riffel, R.
name: Rodríguez-Ardila, A.
name: Riffel, R. A.
name: Storchi-Bergmann, T.
name: Marinello, M.
name: Davies, R. I.
name: Burtscher, L.
name: Ruschel-Dutra, D.
name: Rosario, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In modern models and simulations of galactic evolution, the star formation in massive galaxies is regulated by an ad hoc active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback process. However, the physics and the extension of such effects on the star formation history of galaxies is matter of vivid debate. In order to shed some light in the AGN effects over the star formation, we analyzed the inner 500$\times$500pc of a sample of 14 Seyfert galaxies using GMOS and MUSE integral field spectroscopy. We fitted the continuum spectra in order to derive stellar age, metallicity, velocity and velocity dispersion maps in each source. After stacking our sample and averaging their properties, we found that the contribution of young SP, as well as that of AGN featureless continuum both peak at the nucleus. The fraction of intermediate-age SPs is smaller in the nucleus if compared to outer regions, and the contribution of old SPs vary very little within our field of view (FoV). We also found no variation of velocity dispersion or metallicity within our FoV. Lastly, we detected an increase in the dust reddening towards the center of the galaxies. These results lead us to conclude that AGN phenomenon is usually related to a recent star formation episode in the circumnuclear region.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures. Accepted for publication at MNRAS
‘It’s the economy, stupid’: when new politics parties take on old politics issues
Creators: name: Jae-Jae Spoon
name: Williams, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Green parties have been quintessential issue owners since their founding. In recent national and European elections, however, these parties have begun to emphasize additional issues. This article seeks to understand when the greens expand their issue focus to talk about economic issues. It develops a theory of issue expansion which posits that the greens’ issue expansion is related to both party competition and economic context. In particular, it posits that the size of the radical-left party and the rate of unemployment influence the degree to which green parties focus on the economy in their election manifestos. It then tests the theory on a dataset of European green parties which have run in national elections between 1981 and 2017 in 14 West and East European countries. The findings have important implications for understanding party competition in general and the issue evolution of new politics parties more specifically.
The Host Galaxies of Gamma-Ray Bursts I: ISM Properties of Ten Nearby Long-Duration GRB Hosts
Creators: name: Levesque, Emily M.
name: Berger, Edo
name: Kewley, Lisa J.
name: Bagley, Megan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first observations from a large-scale survey of nearby (z < 1) long-duration gamma-ray burst (LGRB) host galaxies, which consist of eight rest-frame optical spectra obtained at Keck and Magellan. Along with two host galaxy observations from the literature, we use optical emission line diagnostics to determine metallicities, ionization parameters, young stellar population ages, and star formation rates. We compare the LGRB host environments to a variety of local and intermediate-redshift galaxy populations, as well as the newest grid of stellar population synthesis and photoionization models generated with the Starburst99/Mappings codes. With these comparisons we investigate whether the GRB host galaxies are consistent with the properties of the general galaxy population, and therefore whether they may be used as reliable tracers of star formation. We find that LGRB host galaxies generally have low-metallicity ISM environments out to z ~ 1. The ISM properties of our GRB hosts, including metallicity, ionization parameter, and young stellar population age, are significantly different from the general galaxy population, host galaxies of nearby broad-lined Type Ic supernovae, and nearby metal-poor galaxies.
description: 29 pages, 19 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in AJ
An Efficient Hidden Markov Model for Offline Handwritten Numeral Recognition
Creators: name: Saritha, B. S.
name: Hemanth, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traditionally, the performance of ocr algorithms and systems is based on the recognition of isolated characters. When a system classifies an individual character, its output is typically a character label or a reject marker that corresponds to an unrecognized character. By comparing output labels with the correct labels, the number of correct recognition, substitution errors misrecognized characters, and rejects unrecognized characters are determined. Nowadays, although recognition of printed isolated characters is performed with high accuracy, recognition of handwritten characters still remains an open problem in the research arena. The ability to identify machine printed characters in an automated or a semi automated manner has obvious applications in numerous fields. Since creating an algorithm with a one hundred percent correct recognition rate is quite probably impossible in our world of noise and different font styles, it is important to design character recognition algorithms with these failures in mind so that when mistakes are inevitably made, they will at least be understandable and predictable to the person working with the
description: 6pages, 5 figures
Antiperovskite superconductor LaPd$_{3}$P with noncentrosymmetric cubic structure
Creators: name: Iyo, Akira
name: Hase, Izumi
name: Fujihisa, Hiroshi
name: Gotoh, Yoshito
name: Ishida, Shigeyuki
name: Ninomiya, Hiroki
name: Yoshida, Yoshiyuki
name: Eisaki, Hiroshi
name: Hirose, Hishiro T.
name: Terashima, Taichi
name: Kawashima, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Antiperovskites are a promising candidate structure for the exploration of new materials. We discovered an antiperovskite phosphide, LaPd$_{3}$P, following our recent synthesis of $A$Pd$_{3}$P ($A$ = Ca, Sr, Ba). While $A$Pd$_{3}$P and (Ca,Sr)Pd$_{3}$P were found to be tetragonal or orthorhombic systems, LaPd$_{3}$P is a new prototype cubic system ($a$ = 9.0317(1) A) with a noncentrosymmetric space group ($I-43m$). LaPd$_{3}$P exhibited superconductivity with a transition temperature ($T_\mathrm{c}$) of 0.28 K. The upper critical field, Debye temperature, and Sommerfeld constant ($γ$) were determined as 0.305(8) kOe, 267(1) K, 6.06(4) mJ mol-1 K-2 f.u.-1, respectively. We performed first-principles electronic band structure calculations for LaPd$_{3}$P and compared the theoretical and experimental results. The calculated Sommerfeld constant (2.24 mJ mol-1 K-2 f.u.-1) was much smaller than the experimental value of $γ$ because the Fermi energy ($E_\mathrm{F}$) was located slightly below the density of states (DOS) pseudogap. This difference was explained by the increase in the DOS at $E_\mathrm{F}$ due to the approximately 5 at.% La deficiency (hole doping) in the sample. The observed Tc value was much lower than that estimated using the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer equation. To explain the discrepancy, we examined the possibility of an unconventional superconductivity in LaPd$_{3}$P arising from the lack of space inversion symmetry.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
Lobbying during government formations: do policy advocates attain their preferences in coalition agreements?
Creators: name: Romeijn, Jeroen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Elections produce shifts in power and policy that give lobbyists incentives to influence the policy plans of new governments, but very little is known about such lobbying. This study directly observes lobbying during government coalition negotiations and its consequences for coalition agreements by studying the letters that policy advocates send to the (in)formateur steering coalition formation negotiations. While political parties are crucial for the preference attainment of lobbyists, the analysis shows that advocates that are traditional allies of a negotiating party tend to benefit more from making a request in line with the preferences of that political party than other advocates. This seems to be especially the case when advocates represent a constituency that is important to a party’s electoral strategy, suggesting that the policy implications of ties between parties and organized interests are determined by more than the presence of historical ties between parties and groups alone.
Ministerial influence on the machinery of government: insights on the inside
Creators: name: Kuipers, Sanneke
name: Kutsal Yesilkagit
name: Carroll, Brendan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The structure and organisation of the machinery of government are key to the ambitions of political coalitions. When portfolio allocation and agencification are a function of political choice, political volatility should also affect the internal structure of government administrations. This study tests the effects of political turnover of individual ministers and of the political ideology of coalitions on a dataset of intra-ministerial changes in Dutch ministries between 1980 and 2014. Findings indicate that the turnover of political heads of departments and the shifts in policy preferences between successive coalitions indeed affects the internal structure of ministerial departments. Political variables have a strong impact, particularly changes in the left–right position of the government. A clear pattern for how precisely politics affect the structural design of public organisations remains absent, in spite of the robustness of the findings. Most ministries experience significant effect of executive turnover, sometimes increasing the hazards of intra-organisational transitions and sometimes increasing stability. It turns out that ministers can substantially re-arrange their organisations in line with their policy preferences but do not necessarily do so. Sometimes the effect of liberal ideology dominates, sometimes the effect of the policy preferences with respect to a specific domain prevails.
de Haas-van Alphen oscillations for non-relativistic fermions coupled to an emergent U(1) gauge field
Creators: name: Fritz, Lars
name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate magento-oscillations in the specific heat of non-relativistic fermions with a Fermi surface minimally coupled to a fluctuating U(1) gauge field. Our study is motivated by the recent observation of quantum oscillations in the underdoped cuprates, and by theoretical models of pocket Fermi surfaces realizing a non-Fermi liquid `algebraic charge liquid'. Our main result is the computation of the order 1/N correction to the Lifshitz-Kosevich expression for the oscillation amplitude in the dirty limit in a model with N species of fermions.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Unsupervised Online Learning for Robotic Interestingness with Visual Memory
Creators: name: Wang, Chen
name: Qiu, Yuheng
name: Wang, Wenshan
name: Hu, Yafei
name: Kim, Seungchan
name: Scherer, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous robots frequently need to detect "interesting" scenes to decide on further exploration, or to decide which data to share for cooperation. These scenarios often require fast deployment with little or no training data. Prior work considers "interestingness" based on data from the same distribution. Instead, we propose to develop a method that automatically adapts online to the environment to report interesting scenes quickly. To address this problem, we develop a novel translation-invariant visual memory and design a three-stage architecture for long-term, short-term, and online learning, which enables the system to learn human-like experience, environmental knowledge, and online adaption, respectively. With this system, we achieve an average of 20% higher accuracy than the state-of-the-art unsupervised methods in a subterranean tunnel environment. We show comparable performance to supervised methods for robot exploration scenarios showing the efficacy of our approach. We expect that the presented method will play an important role in the robotic interestingness recognition exploration tasks.
description: Accepted to The IEEE Transactions on Robotics (T-RO). A substantial extension of the ECCV 2020 paper arXiv:2005.08829
Rafael Ramírez Heredia, La Mara
Creators: name: Cairati, Elisa
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: Rafael Ramírez Heredia, La Mara
(México, Alfaguara, [2004] 2011, 2nda edición 2012,
344 pp. ISBN 978-607-11-1978-0)
di Elisa Cairati
description: Altre Modernità, 2014: NUMERO SPECIALE Migrazioni, diaspora, esilio nelle letterature e culture ispanoamericane
Long range crossed Andreev reflections in high Tc superconductors
Creators: name: Herrera, William J.
name: Yeyati, A. Levy
name: Martin-Rodero, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the non-local transport properties of a d-wave superconductor coupled to metallic electrodes at nanoscale distances. We show that the non-local conductance exhibits an algebraical decay with distance rather than the exponential behavior which is found in conventional superconductors. Crossed Andreev processes, associated with electronic entanglement, are favored for certain orientations of the symmetry axes of the superconductor with respect to the leads. These properties would allow its experimental detection using present technologies.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Quantum states of a binary mixture of spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Xu, Z. F.
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Zhang, Yunbo
name: You, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the structure of quantum states for a binary mixture of spin-1 atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. In contrast to collision between identical bosons, the s-wave scattering channel between inter-species does not conform to a fixed symmetry. The spin-dependent Hamiltonian thus contains non-commuting terms, making the exact eigenstates more challenging to obtain because they now depend more generally on both the intra- and inter-species interactions. We discuss two limiting cases, where the spin-dependent Hamiltonian reduces respectively to sums of commuting operators. All eigenstates can then be directly constructed, and they are independent of the detailed interaction parameters.
description: 5 pages, no figures
Reconstructing the Hubble diagram of gamma-ray bursts using deep learning
Creators: name: Tang, Li
name: Lin, Hai-Nan
name: Li, Xin
name: Liu, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calibrate the distance and reconstruct the Hubble diagram of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) using deep learning. We construct an artificial neural network, which combines the recurrent neural network and Bayesian neural network, and train the network using the Pantheon compilation of type-Ia supernovae. The trained network is used to calibrate the distance of 174 GRBs based on the Combo-relation. We verify that there is no evident redshift evolution of Combo-relation, and obtain the slope and intercept parameters, $γ=0.856^{+0.083}_{-0.078}$ and $\log A=49.661^{+0.199}_{-0.217}$, with an intrinsic scatter $σ_{\rm int}=0.228^{+0.041}_{-0.040}$. Our calibrating method is independent of cosmological model, thus the calibrated GRBs can be directly used to constrain cosmological parameters. It is shown that GRBs alone can tightly constrain the $Λ$CDM model, with $Ω_{\rm M}=0.280^{+0.049}_{-0.057}$. However, the constraint on the $ω$CDM model is relatively looser, with $Ω_{\rm M}=0.345^{+0.059}_{-0.060}$ and $ω
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Accurate Photometry of Saturated Stars Using the Point-Spread-Function Wing Technique with Spitzer
Creators: name: Su, Kate Y. L.
name: Rieke, G. H.
name: Marengo, M.
name: Schlawin, Everett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Spitzer 3.6 and 4.5 $μ$m photometry of 11 bright stars relative to Sirius, exploiting the unique optical stability of the Spitzer Space Telescope point spread function (PSF). Spitzer's extremely stable beryllium optics in its isothermal environment enables precise comparisons in the wings of the PSF from heavily saturated stars. These bright stars stand as the primary sample to improve stellar models, and to transfer the absolute flux calibration of bright standard stars to a sample of fainter standards useful for missions like JWST and for large groundbased telescopes. We demonstrate that better than 1% relative photometry can be achieved using the PSF wing technique in the radial range of 20--100\arcsec\ for stars that are fainter than Sirius by 8 mag (from outside the saturated core to a large radius where a high signal-to-noise profile can still be obtained). We test our results by (1) comparing the [3.6]$-$[4.5] color with that expected between the WISE W1 and W2 bands, (2) comparing with stars where there is accurate $K_{\text{S}}$ photometry, and (3) also comparing with relative fluxes obtained with the DIRBE instrument on COBE. These tests confirm that relative photometry is achieved to better than 1%.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in the AAS Journal
title: Genome-wide Organization of the Basal Transcription Factor TFIID
Creators: name: García-Moreno Alcántara, Sergio
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2022

description: TFIID is a multi-subunit complex containing TBP and 13 TBP-associated factors (TAFs). It plays a key role in the initiation of transcription by recognizing promoter-specific sequence elements, leading to the assembly of the pre-initiation complex (PIC) machinery and the recruitment of the RNA-polymerase II. In vitro, TFIID uses different subunits to interact with such elements and changes its structural configuration when binding DNA. While motif composition is very diverse at endogenous promoters, whether all TFIID subunits are present across promoters or whether its binding organization changes in vivo with consequences for transcription is not understood. Here, we used ChIP-nexus, a technique that detects in vivo binding at base-pair resolution, to investigate the DNA-bound composition and organization of all 14 TFIID subunits in the Drosophila melanogaster genome. We found that the in vivo footprints of TFIID can be divided into three structurally distinguishable sub-modules whose binding is remarkably homogeneous across different promoter types. In contrast to the TAFs, the footprints for TBP were distinct for TATA, DPR, and housekeeping promoter types and revealed their underlying sequence elements. At most promoter types, TBP is found upstream and downstream of the start site dependent on the transcriptional state, but the amount and exact profile at each position differs between promoter types. We propose that TBP is first loaded downstream of the core promoter and then transferred upstream to assemble the transcription machinery, and that the time spent at each location depends on the promoter type and transcriptional activity. Taken together, our results suggest different rate-limiting states of TFIID recruitment between promoter types. We discuss the implications of this model for the transcription properties of each promoter.
Towards Efficiently Evaluating the Robustness of Deep Neural Networks in IoT Systems: A GAN-based Method
Creators: name: Bai, Tao
name: Zhao, Jun
name: Zhu, Jinlin
name: Han, Shoudong
name: Chen, Jiefeng
name: Li, Bo
name: Kot, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intelligent Internet of Things (IoT) systems based on deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely deployed in the real world. However, DNNs are found to be vulnerable to adversarial examples, which raises people's concerns about intelligent IoT systems' reliability and security. Testing and evaluating the robustness of IoT systems becomes necessary and essential. Recently various attacks and strategies have been proposed, but the efficiency problem remains unsolved properly. Existing methods are either computationally extensive or time-consuming, which is not applicable in practice. In this paper, we propose a novel framework called Attack-Inspired GAN (AI-GAN) to generate adversarial examples conditionally. Once trained, it can generate adversarial perturbations efficiently given input images and target classes. We apply AI-GAN on different datasets in white-box settings, black-box settings and targeted models protected by state-of-the-art defenses. Through extensive experiments, AI-GAN achieves high attack success rates, outperforming existing methods, and reduces generation time significantly. Moreover, for the first time, AI-GAN successfully scales to complex datasets e.g. CIFAR-100 and ImageNet, with about $90\%$ success rates among all classes.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2002.02196