cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(401736) Mary McGibbon
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Build it up-Tear it down: protein quality control in the cardiac sarcomere
Creators: name: Patterson, Cam
name: Schisler, Jonathan C.
name: Willis, Monte S.
name: Portbury, Andrea L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The assembly and maintenance of the cardiac sarcomere, which contains the basic contractile components of actin and myosin, are essential for cardiac function. While often described as a static structure, the sarcomere is actually dynamic and undergoes constant turnover, allowing it to adapt to physiological changes while still maintaining function. A host of new factors have been identified that play a role in the regulation of protein quality control in the sarcomere, including chaperones that mediate the assembly of sarcomere components and ubiquitin ligases that control their specific degradation. There is clear evidence of sarcomere disorganization in animal models lacking muscle-specific chaperone proteins, illustrating the importance of these molecules in sarcomere structure and function. Although ubiquitin ligases have been found within the sarcomere structure itself, the role of the ubiquitin proteasome system in cardiac sarcomere regulation, and the factors that control its activity, are only just now being elucidated. The number of ubiquitin ligases identified with specificity for sarcomere proteins, each with distinct target substrates, is growing, allowing for tight regulation of this system. In this review, we highlight the dynamic interplay between sarcomere-specific chaperones and ubiquitin-dependent degradation of sarcomere proteins that is necessary in order to maintain structure and function of the cardiac sarcomere.
Krüppel-like factor 15 regulates BMPER in endothelial cells
Creators: name: Pahl, Heike L.
name: Volkmar, Franziska
name: Helbing, Thomas
name: Goebel, Ulrich
name: Diehl, Philipp
name: Patterson, Cam
name: Moser, Martin
name: Bode, Christoph
name: Heinke, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are involved in embryonic and adult blood vessel formation in health and disease. Previous studies have shown that BMP endothelial cell precursor-derived regulator (BMPER) plays an important role in endothelial cell function and blood vessel formation. BMPER is a key regulator of BMP4 activity and a prerequisite for BMP pathway activation by BMP4 in endothelial cells. Here, we characterize the BMPER promoter and elucidate mechanisms of BMPER regulation.
Analyse des écarts fiscaux au Maroc Cas de la TVA.pdf
Creators: name: Htitich, Mohamed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140215 Public Economics- Taxation and Revenue
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: VAT is considered to be the main source of state funding, given the importance of the revenues it generates. Thus, this work evaluates the performance of the VAT throughthe estimation of its potential and its tax gaps, following the "top-down" approach of deducting the VAT gap from national accounts and consumption survey data, thus providing an exhaustive assessment of revenue losses that may be due mainly to two factors: the lack of compliance by taxpayers and tax policy effects. This work also takes a closer look at the structure of the VAT tax base, analysis of which has shown that the wealthiest population absorbs the largest share of consumption expenditure, and therefore benefits from a relatively higher share of VAT-related tax expenditure, while the least wealthy households devote a higher share of their consumption to under-taxed and exempted products. It is also shown from the calculation of VAT tax gaps from 2007 to 2015, that its performance is largely impacted by taxpayer compliance, while losses due to tax policy have remained relatively the same throughout the period, showing a lack of reforms to make the VAT tax structure more uniform, to limit the effect of the application of differentiated rates on VAT revenues, and to mitigate control and enforcement problems by the tax administration.
Multiply-Robust Causal Change Attribution
Creators: name: Quintas-Martinez, Victor
name: Bahadori, Mohammad Taha
name: Santiago, Eduardo
name: Mu, Jeff
name: Janzing, Dominik
name: Heckerman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Comparing two samples of data, we observe a change in the distribution of an outcome variable. In the presence of multiple explanatory variables, how much of the change can be explained by each possible cause? We develop a new estimation strategy that, given a causal model, combines regression and re-weighting methods to quantify the contribution of each causal mechanism. Our proposed methodology is multiply robust, meaning that it still recovers the target parameter under partial misspecification. We prove that our estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal. Moreover, it can be incorporated into existing frameworks for causal attribution, such as Shapley values, which will inherit the consistency and large-sample distribution properties. Our method demonstrates excellent performance in Monte Carlo simulations, and we show its usefulness in an empirical application. Our method is implemented as part of the Python library DoWhy (arXiv:2011.04216, arXiv:2206.06821).
Long-term improvement in mdx cardiomyopathy after therapy with peptide-conjugated morpholino oligomers†
Creators: name: Sazani, Peter
name: Kole, Ryszard
name: Willis, Monte S.
name: Jearawiriyapaisarn, Natee
name: Moulton, Hong M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The cardiomyopathy found in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is responsible for death due to heart failure in ∼30% of patients and additionally contributes to many DMD morbidities. Strategies to bypass DMD-causing mutations to allow an increase in body-wide dystrophin have proved promising, but increasing cardiac dystrophin continues to be challenging. The purpose of this study was to determine if therapeutic restoration of cardiac dystrophin improved the significant cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction identified in X-linked muscular dystrophy (mdx) dystrophin-null mouse due to a truncation mutation over time after treatment.
The ubiquitin-proteasome system and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Creators: name: Eschenhagen, Thomas
name: Willis, Monte S.
name: Carrier, Lucie
name: Schlossarek, Saskia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Cardiomyopathies represent an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality due to heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden death. Most forms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are familial with an autosomal-dominant mode of inheritance. Over the last 20 years, the genetic basis of the disease has been largely unravelled. HCM is considered as a sarcomeropathy involving mutations in sarcomeric proteins, most often β-myosin heavy chain and cardiac myosin-binding protein C. ‘Missense’ mutations, more common in the former, are associated with dysfunctional proteins stably integrated into the sarcomere. ‘Nonsense’ and frameshift mutations, more common in the latter, are associated with low mRNA and protein levels derived from the diseased allele, leading to haploinsufficiency of the remaining healthy allele. The two quality control systems responsible for the removal of the affected mRNAs and proteins are the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), respectively. This review discusses clinical and genetic aspects of HCM and the role of NMD and UPS in the regulation of mutant proteins, evidence for impairment of UPS as a pathogenic factor, as well as potential therapies for HCM.
New sum rule for the nuclear magnetic polarizability
Creators: name: Gorchtein, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I extend the well-known photonuclear sum rule that relates the strength of the photoexcitation of the giant dipole resonance in a nucleus to the number of elementary scatterers-nucleons to the case of virtual photons. The new sum rule relates the size of the magnetic polarizability of a nucleus to the slope of the transverse virtual photoabsorption cross section integrated over the energy in the nuclear range. I check this sum rule for the deuteron where necessary data is available, discuss possible applications and connection with other sum rules postulated in the literature.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Revised version submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. Fig.1 changed, references added, acknowledgments expanded
Role of Autonomic Reflex Arcs in Cardiovascular Responses to Air Pollution Exposure
Creators: name: Farraj, Aimen K.
name: Perez, Christina M.
name: Hazari, Mehdi S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The body responds to environmental stressors by triggering autonomic reflexes in the pulmonary receptors, baroreceptors, and chemoreceptors to maintain homeostasis. Numerous studies have shown that exposure to various gases and airborne particles can alter the functional outcome of these reflexes, particularly with respect to the cardiovascular system. Modulation of autonomic neural input to the heart and vasculature following direct activation of sensory nerves in the respiratory system, elicitation of oxidative stress and inflammation, or through other mechanisms is one of the primary ways that exposure to air pollution affects normal cardiovascular function. Any homeostatic process that utilizes the autonomic nervous system to regulate organ function might be affected. Thus, air pollution and other inhaled environmental irritants have the potential to alter both local airway function and baro-and chemoreflex responses, which modulate autonomic control of blood pressure and detect concentrations of key gases in the body. While each of these reflex pathways causes distinct responses, the systems are heavily integrated and communicate through overlapping regions of the brainstem to cause global effects. This short review summarizes the function of major pulmonary sensory receptors, baroreceptors, and carotid body chemoreceptors and discusses the impacts of air pollution exposure on these systems.
Dynamic critical exponent in quantum long-range models
Creators: name: Benedetti, Dario
name: Gurau, Razvan
name: Lettera, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum long-range models at zero temperature can be described by fractional Lifshitz field theories, that is, anisotropic models whose actions are short-range in time and long-range in space. In this paper we study the renormalization of fractional Lifshitz field theories with weakly relevant cubic or quartic self-interactions. Their nontrivial infrared fixed points exhibit Lifshitz scale invariance, and we compute the lowest-order corrections to the dynamic critical exponent.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
title: Low-cost, custom-made, pseudo-anthropomorphic phantom for clinical training in Thoracic Ultrasound
Creators: name: Llanos Gonzalez, Ana Belen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Thorax
subject: Ultrasound physics
subject: Experimental
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: Education and training
subject: Infection
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: A low-cost, custom-made, pseudo-anthropomorphic phantom was designed and fabricated to offer clinical practitioners a suitable tool to gain diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities in the use of ultrasound (US) imaging. The proposed phantom mimics...
(401732) Kate Walker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Effects of Natural Cross-Linkers on the Stability of Dentin Collagen and the Inhibition of Root Caries in vitro
Creators: name: Walter, R.
name: Yamauchi, M.
name: Arnold, R. R.
name: Pereira, P. N.R.
name: Duarte, W. R.
name: Miguez, P. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: To evaluate the effects of dentin collagen modifications induced by various cross-linkers on the stability of collagen matrix and the inhibition of root caries.
(401734) Agnes Cochrane
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Fluoride Concentration in Dentin of Exfoliated Primary Teeth as a Biomarker for Cumulative Fluoride Exposure
Creators: name: Rozier, R. G.
name: Dela Cruz, G. G.
name: Bawden, J. W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: A biomarker for lifetime fluoride exposure would facilitate population-based research and policy making but currently does not exist. This study examined the suitability of primary tooth dentin as a biomarker by comparing dentin fluoride concentration and fluoride exposures. Ninety-nine children's exfoliated primary teeth were collected from 2 fluoridated and 2 fluoride-deficient communities in North Carolina. Coronal dentin was isolated by microdissection and fluoride concentration assayed using the microdiffusion, ion-specific electrode technique. Information on children's fluoride exposures since birth from drinking water, toothpaste, supplements, rinses, food and beverages was collected by a self-reported questionnaire administered to caregivers. Only a small portion of the variance (10%) in incisor dentin fluoride (mean 792, SD 402 mg/kg) was accounted for by the best linear regression model as evaluated by the adjusted R2. A moderate portion of the variance (60%) of molar dentin fluoride (mean 768, SD 489 mg/kg) was predicted by dietary fluoride supplement exposures, community of residence, and frequent tea consumption. Results for molars suggest that primary tooth dentin concentration may prove to be a satisfactory biomarker for fluoride exposure.
Increased Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Bone Sialoprotein Response to Human Coronal Caries
Creators: name: Yamauchi, M.
name: Nagaoka, H.
name: Boushell, L. W.
name: Nagaoka, H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: It has been suggested that host matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) present in dentin may be involved in caries progression, however, its response to caries is not known. Bone sialoprotein (BSP) has been implicated in dentin mineralization and MMP-2 modulation.
(401730) Maud Margaret Walker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Spatial-frequency Dual-Domain Feature Fusion Network for Low-Light Remote Sensing Image Enhancement
Creators: name: Yao, Zishu
name: Fan, Guodong
name: Fan, Jinfu
name: Gan, Min
name: Chen, C. L. Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Low-light remote sensing images generally feature high resolution and high spatial complexity, with continuously distributed surface features in space. This continuity in scenes leads to extensive long-range correlations in spatial domains within remote sensing images. Convolutional Neural Networks, which rely on local correlations for long-distance modeling, struggle to establish long-range correlations in such images. On the other hand, transformer-based methods that focus on global information face high computational complexities when processing high-resolution remote sensing images. From another perspective, Fourier transform can compute global information without introducing a large number of parameters, enabling the network to more efficiently capture the overall image structure and establish long-range correlations. Therefore, we propose a Dual-Domain Feature Fusion Network (DFFN) for low-light remote sensing image enhancement. Specifically, this challenging task of low-light enhancement is divided into two more manageable sub-tasks: the first phase learns amplitude information to restore image brightness, and the second phase learns phase information to refine details. To facilitate information exchange between the two phases, we designed an information fusion affine block that combines data from different phases and scales. Additionally, we have constructed two dark light remote sensing datasets to address the current lack of datasets in dark light remote sensing image enhancement. Extensive evaluations show that our method outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods. The code is available at https://github.com/iijjlk/DFFN.
description: 14 page
Prolate-oblate shape transitions and O(6) symmetry in even-even nuclei: A theoretical overview
Creators: name: Bonatsos, Dennis
name: Martinou, Andriana
name: Peroulis, S. K.
name: Mertzimekis, T. J.
name: Minkov, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prolate to oblate shape transitions have been predicted in an analytic way in the framework of the Interacting Boson Model (IBM), determining O(6) as the symmetry at the critical point. Parameter-independent predictions for prolate to oblate transitions in various regions on the nuclear chart have been made in the framework of the proxy-SU(3) and pseudo-SU(3) symmetries, corroborated by recent non-relativistic and relativistic mean field calculations along series of nuclear isotopes, with parameters fixed throughout, as well as by shell model calculations taking advantage of the quasi-SU(3) symmetry. Experimental evidence for regions of prolate to oblate shape transitions is in agreement with regions in which nuclei bearing the O(6) dynamical symmetry of the IBM have been identified, lying below major shell closures. In addition, gradual oblate to prolate transitions are seen when crossing major nuclear shell closures, in analogy to experimental observations in alkali clusters.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
(401731) Nellie Walker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Cumulative Effective Dose in Pediatric CT: Has “Image Gently” Missed “Image Frequently”?
Creators: name: Frush, Donald
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Education and training
subject: Patterns of Care

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: There has been a recent and growing focus and attendant active discussion on patients with relatively high cumulative effective doses (CEDs). The relevance to the pediatric population has not received the same attention, especially considering the...
Review and Recommendations for Zero-Inflated Count Regression Modeling of Dental Caries Indices in Epidemiological Studies
Creators: name: Kincade, M. E.
name: Stamm, J. W.
name: Long, D. L.
name: Preisser, J. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Over the past five to ten years, zero-inflated count regression models have been increasingly applied to the analysis of dental caries indices (e.g., DMFT, dfms, etc). The main reason for that is linked to the broad decline in children’s caries experience, such that dmf and DMF indices more frequently generate low or even zero counts. This article specifically reviews the application of zero-inflated Poisson and zero-inflated negative binomial regression models to dental caries, with emphasis on the description of the models and the interpretation of fitted model results given the study goals. The review finds that interpretations provided in the published caries research are often imprecise or inadvertently misleading, particularly with respect to failing to discriminate between inference for the class of susceptible persons defined by such models and inference for the sampled population in terms of overall exposure effects. Recommendations are provided to enhance the use as well as the interpretation and reporting of results of count regression models when applied to epidemiological studies of dental caries.
Travelling waves and conservation laws for highly nonlinear wave equations modelling Hertz chains
Creators: name: Przedborski, Michelle
name: Anco, Stephen C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A highly nonlinear, fourth-order wave equation that models the continuum theory of long wavelength pulses in weakly compressed, discrete, homogeneous chains with a general power-law contact interaction is studied. For this wave equation, all solitary wave solutions and all nonlinear periodic wave solutions, along with all conservation laws, are derived. The solutions are explicitly parameterized in terms of the asymptotic value of the wave amplitude in the case of solitary waves and the peak of the wave amplitude in the case of nonlinear periodic waves. All cases in which the solution expressions can be stated in an explicit analytic form using elementary functions are worked out. In these cases, explicit expressions for the total energy and total momentum for all solutions are obtained as well. The derivation of the solutions uses the conservation laws combined with an energy analysis argument to reduce the wave equation directly to a separable first-order differential equation which determines the wave amplitude in terms of the travelling wave variable. This method can be applied more generally to other highly nonlinear wave equations.
(401726) Marie Daninger
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Colours and luminosities of z=0.1 simulated galaxies in the EAGLE simulations
Creators: name: Trayford, James W.
name: Theuns, Tom
name: Bower, Richard G.
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Furlong, Michelle
name: Schaller, Matthieu
name: Frenk, Carlos S.
name: Crain, Robert A.
name: Vecchia, Claudio Dalla
name: McCarthy, Ian G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the colours and luminosities of redshift z = 0.1 galaxies from the EAGLE simulation suite using the GALAXEV population synthesis models. We take into account obscuration by dust in birth clouds and diffuse ISM using a two-component screen model, following the prescription of Charlot and Fall. We compare models in which the dust optical depth is constant to models where it depends on gas metallicity, gas fraction and orientation. The colours of EAGLE galaxies for the more sophisticated models are in broad agreement with those of observed galaxies. In particular, EAGLE produces a red sequence of passive galaxies and a blue cloud of star forming galaxies, with approximately the correct fraction of galaxies in each population and with g-r colours within 0.1 magnitudes of those observed. Luminosity functions from UV to NIR wavelengths differ from observations at a level comparable to systematic shifts resulting from a choice between Petrosian and Kron photometric apertures. Despite the generally good agreement there are clear discrepancies with observations. The blue cloud of EAGLE galaxies extends to somewhat higher luminosities than in the data, consistent with the modest underestimate of the passive fraction in massive EAGLE galaxies. There is also a moderate excess of bright blue galaxies compared to observations. The overall level of agreement with the observed colour distribution suggests that EAGLE galaxies at z = 0.1 have ages, metallicities and levels of obscuration that are comparable to those of observed galaxies.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, submitted to MNRAS
title: Evaluation of radiomics models based on dual-energy CT for distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid nodules
Creators: name: Guo, Lili
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Head and neck
subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: CT
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Experimental
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Cancer
subject: Image verification
subject: Pathology

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The incidence of thyroid nodules has been on the rise in recent years [1] . Approximately 4% to 5% of thyroid nodules are malignant, mainly consisting of papillary carcinoma [2] . Regular follow-up is needed for benign thyroid nodules, among which a...
Characteristics, Detection Methods and Treatment of Questionable Occlusal Carious Lesions: Findings from The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network
Creators: name: Pihlstrom, D. J.
name: Gordan, V. V.
name: Rindal, D. B.
name: Qvist, V.
name: Gilbert, G. H.
name: Funkhouser, E.
name: Makhija, S. K.
name: Bader, J. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Questionable occlusal carious lesions (QOC) can be defined as an occlusal tooth surface with no cavitation and no radiographic radiolucencies, but caries is suspected due to roughness, surface opacities, or staining. An earlier analysis of data from this study indicates ⅓ of patients have a QOC. The objective of this report is to quantify the characteristics of these common lesions, diagnostic aids used, and treatment of QOC. A total of 82 dentist and hygienist practitioner-investigators from the United States and Denmark in The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network participated. When consented patients presented with a QOC, information was recorded about the patient, tooth, lesion, and treatments. 2,603 QOC from 1,732 patients were analyzed. Lesions were usually associated with a fissure, on molars, and varied from yellow to black in color. Half presented with a chalky luster and had a rough surface when examined with an explorer. There was an association between color and luster, 10% were chalky-light, 47% were shiny-dark, and 42% were mixtures. A higher proportion of chalky than shiny lesions were light (22% vs. 9%; p < 0.001). Lesions light in color were less common in adults than pediatric patients (9% vs. 32%; p < 0.001). Lesions that were chalky and light were more common among pediatric than adult patients (22% vs. 6%, p < 0.001). This is the first study to investigate characteristics of QOC in routine clinical practice. Clinicians commonly face this diagnostic uncertainty. Determining the characteristics of these lesions are relevant when making diagnostic and treatment decisions.
title: Adrenal masses: radiologic-pathologic correlation
Creators: name: Hernández García-Calvo, Ana María
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Oncology
subject: Retroperitoneum
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the main imaging characteristics of adrenal pathology and its histological...
(401729) Chrissie Gordon
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: What if we eliminate the excretory phase of CT-urography?
Creators: name: Lanzarote Vargas, Silvia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Neoplasia

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Urothelial carcinoma is a common pathology that usually requires the use of CT-urography both for a first detection and for extension and follow-up studies. The recommended examination protocol includes an unenhanced phase, a venous phase 60 seconds...
Resonant Trapping in the Galactic Disc and Halo and its Relation with Moving Groups
Creators: name: Moreno, Edmundo
name: Pichardo, Barbara
name: Schuster, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the use of a detailed Milky Way nonaxisymmetric potential, observationally and dynamically constrained, the effects of the bar and the spiral arms in the Galaxy are studied in the disc and in the stellar halo. Especially the trapping of stars in the disc and Galactic halo by resonances on the Galactic plane, induced by the Galactic bar, has been analysed in detail. To this purpose, a new method is presented to delineate the trapping regions using empirical diagrams of some orbital properties obtained in the Galactic potential. In these diagrams we plot in the inertial Galactic frame a characteristic orbital energy versus a characteristic orbital angular momentum, or versus the orbital Jacobi constant in the reference frame of the bar, when this is the only nonaxisymmetric component in the Galactic potential. With these diagrams some trapping regions are obtained in the disc and halo using a sample of disc stars and halo stars in the solar neighbourhood. We compute several families of periodic orbits on the Galactic plane, some associated with this resonant trapping. In particular, we find that the trapping effect of these resonances on the Galactic plane can extend several kpc from this plane, trapping stars in the Galactic halo. The purpose of our analysis is to investigate if the trapping regions contain some known moving groups in our Galaxy. We have applied our method to the Kapteyn group, a moving group in the halo, and we have found that this group appears not to be associated with a particular resonance on the Galactic plane.
description: 20 pages, 48 figures, Accepted MNRAS
Response of Chondrocytes to Local Mechanical Injury in an Ex Vivo Model
Creators: name: Morales, Teresa I.
name: Lee, Greta M.
name: Lyman, Jeffrey R.
name: Chappell, Jonathan D.
name: Kelley, Scott S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Background:Our goal was to set up an ex vivo culture system to assess whether cartilage wounding (partial-thickness defects) can induce morphological changes in neighboring chondrocytes and whether these cells can translocate to the surface of the defect.Methods:Two-millimeter partial-depth defects were created in human osteochondral explants followed by culture for up to 4 weeks. Frozen sections of defects and defect-free regions were labeled using immunofluorescence for a plasma membrane protein, CD44, and actin with TRITC-phalloidin. Viable nuclei were detected with Hoechst 33342. Differential interference contrast (DIC), confocal, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to examine process extension.Results:Significant changes in cell morphology occurred in response to wounding in the superficial and deep cartilage zones. These included cell flattening, polarization of the actin cytoskeleton, extension of pseudopods projecting towards the edge of the defect, and interactions of these filopodia with collagen fibers. Cell density decreased progressively in the 300-µm zone adjacent to the defect to an average of approximately 25% to 35% after 3 weeks. Concomitant increases in cell density in the defect margin were observed. By contrast, minimal changes were seen in the middle cartilage zone.Conclusions:These novel observations strongly suggest active cartilage cell responses and movements in response to wounding. It is proposed that cartilage cells use contact guidance on fibrillated collagen to move into and populate defect areas in the superficial and deep zones.
Design principles for shift current photovoltaics
Creators: name: Cook, Ashley M.
name: Fregoso, Benjamin M.
name: de Juan, Fernando
name: Coh, Sinisa
name: Moore, Joel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the basic principles and limitations of conventional solar cells are well understood, relatively little attention has gone toward maximizing the potential efficiency of photovoltaic devices based on shift currents. In this work, we outline simple design principles for the optimization of shift currents for frequencies near the band gap, derived from the analysis of a general effective model. The use of a novel sum rule allows us to express the band edge shift current in terms of a few model parameters and to show it depends explicitly on wavefunctions via Berry connections in addition to standard band structure. We use our approach to identify two new classes of shift current photovoltaics, ferroelectric polymer films and single-layer orthorhombic monochalcogenides such as GeS. We introduce tight-binding models for these systems, and show that they exhibit the largest shift current responsivities at the band edge reported so far. Moreover, exploring the parameter space of these models we find photoresponsivities that can exceed $100$ mA/W. Our results show how the study of the shift current via effective models allows one to improve the possible efficiency of devices based on this mechanism and better grasp their potential to compete with conventional solar cells.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, AC and BMF share equal contributions. Published in Nature Communications
Temporal Changes in Collagen Cross-Links in Spontaneous Articular Cartilage Repair
Creators: name: West, Paul
name: Penmatsa, Madhuri
name: Hidaka, Chisa
name: Damle, Sheela
name: Bostrom, Mathias
name: Pleshko, Nancy
name: Terajima, Masahiko
name: Yamauchi, Mitsuo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Little is known about how the biochemical properties of collagen change during tissue regeneration following cartilage damage. In the current study, temporal changes in cartilage repair tissue biochemistry were assessed in a rabbit osteochondral defect.
Understanding Early Elementary Children's Conceptual Knowledge of Plant Structure and Function through Drawings
Creators: name: Jones, Alan M.
name: Ellis, Jane P.
name: Anderson, Janice L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We present the results of an early elementary study (K–1) that used children's drawings to examine children's understanding of plant structure and function.This study examined children's drawings to explain children's conceptual understanding of plant structure and function. The study explored whether the children's drawings accurately reflect their conceptual understanding about plants in a manner that can be interpreted by others. Drawing, survey, interview, and observational data were collected from 182 students in grades K and 1 in rural southeastern United States. Results demonstrated the children held a wide range of conceptions concerning plant structure and function. These young children held very simple ideas about plants with respect to both their structure and function. Consistent with the drawings, the interviews presented similar findings.
title: The role of water-soluble contrast enemas in assessing anastomoses prior to ileostomy reversal, and their influence on patient outcomes.
Creators: name: Giucca, Alice
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Colon
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Barium enema
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Surgery
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Water-soluble contrast enemas (WSCE) are routinely performed to check anastomotic integrity and patency in patients who have undergone a low anterior resection and loop ileostomy formation (Figure 1) , in preparation for subsequent ileostomy...
An ALMA survey of Sub-millimeter Galaxies in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South: Physical properties derived from ultraviolet-to-radio modelling
Creators: name: da Cunha, Elisabete
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Smail, Ian
name: Swinbank, Mark
name: Simpson, James
name: Decarli, Roberto
name: Hodge, Jacqueline
name: Weiss, Axel
name: van der Werf, Paul
name: Bertoldi, Frank
name: Chapman, Scott
name: Cox, Pierre
name: Danielson, Alice
name: Dannerbauer, Helmut
name: Greve, Thomas
name: Ivison, Rob
name: Karim, Alexander
name: Thomson, Alasdair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [abridged] The ALESS survey has followed-up a sample of 122 sub-millimeter sources in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South at 870um with ALMA, allowing to pinpoint the positions of sub-millimeter galaxies (SMGs) to 0.3'' and to find their precise counterparts at different wavelengths. This enabled the first compilation of the multi-wavelength spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of a statistically reliable survey of SMGs. In this paper, we present a new calibration of the MAGPHYS modelling code that is optimized to fit these UV-to-radio SEDs of z>1 star-forming galaxies using an energy balance technique to connect the emission from stellar populations, dust attenuation and dust emission in a physically consistent way. We derive statistically and physically robust estimates of the photometric redshifts and physical parameters for the ALESS SMGs. We find that they have a median stellar mass $M_\ast=(8.9\pm0.1)\times10^{10} M_\odot$, SFR$=280\pm70 M_\odot$/yr, overall V-band dust attenuation $A_V=1.9\pm0.2$ mag, dust mass $M_\rm{dust}=(5.6\pm1.0)\times10^8 M_\odot$, and average dust temperature Tdust~40 K. The average intrinsic SED of the ALESS SMGs resembles that of local ULIRGs in the IR range, but the stellar emission of our average SMG is brighter and bluer, indicating lower dust attenuation, possibly because they are more extended. We explore how the average SEDs vary with different parameters, and we provide a new set of SMG templates. To put the ALESS SMGs into context, we compare their stellar masses and SFRs with those of less actively star-forming galaxies at the same redshifts. At z~2, about half of the SMGs lie above the star-forming main sequence, while half are at the high-mass end of the sequence. At higher redshifts (z~3.5), the SMGs tend to have higher SFR and Mstar, but the fraction of SMGs that lie significantly above the main sequence decreases to less than a third.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. The new MAGPHYS model libraries used in this paper will appear in www.iap.fr/magphys. The SMG SED templates shown in Section 6.1 are available at http://astronomy.swinburne.edu.au/~ecunha/ecunha/SED_Templates.html
Basis set extrapolation from the vanishing counterpoise correction condition
Creators: name: Fishman, Vladimir
name: Semidalas, Emmanouil
name: Martin, Jan M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Basis set extrapolations are typically rationalized either from analytical arguments involving the partial-wave or principal expansions of the correlation energy in helium-like systems, or from fitting extrapolation parameters to reference energetics for a small(ish) training set. Seeking to avoid both, we explore a third alternative: extracting extrapolation parameters from the requirement that the BSSE (basis set superposition error) should vanish at the complete basis set limit. We find this to be a viable approach provided that the underlying basis sets are not too small and reasonably well balanced. For basis sets not augmented by diffuse functions, BSSE minimization and energy fitting yield quite similar parameters.
description: J. Phys. Chem. A, ASAP (Gustavo E. Scuseria festschrift); CC:BY 4.0 Open Access
(401724) Jessie [or Janet] Nairn
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.