Trimyema foissneri Li &amp; Zhuang &amp; Feng &amp; Al-Farraj &amp; Schrecengost &amp; Roưerova &amp; Beinart &amp; Hu 2023, sp.nov.
Creators: name: Li, Ran
name: Zhuang, Wenbao
name: Feng, Xiaochen
name: Al-Farraj, Saleh A.
name: Schrecengost, Anna
name: Roưerova, Johana
name: Beinart, Roxanne A.
name: Hu, Xiaozhong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ciliophora
Kinetofragminophora
Trichostomatida
Trimyemidae
Trimyema
Trimyema foissneri

description: <i>Trimyema foissneri</i> sp.nov. <b>(Figs 2, 3; Table 2)</b> <i>ZooBank registration:</i> urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8AD1A266- 44AF-4BD0-A0ED-0E0A6ACFE65E. <i>Diagnosis:</i> Cell size 20–35 × 10–20 μm <i>in vivo</i>, shape fusiform; 26–32 longitudinal somatic ciliary rows, forming three oblique ciliary girdles, making a turn slightly more than 360°. Region below posterior end of last girdle about 36% of body length, with spare cilia inserted. Caudal cilium about half body length. Epaulet present, including two to four kineties on right dorsal side with four to six kinetosomes, respectively. Ventrolateral fragment comprised of three or four kinetosomes. Oral opening oval, about 30% of cell length. Oral ciliature composed of two semicircular kineties intersecting spatially and one short kinety. <i>Etymology:</i> We dedicate this new species to Prof. Wilhelm Foissner, University of Salzburg, Austria, in recognition of his significant contribution to the taxonomy of ciliates. <i>Type locality:</i> Sediments of intertidal zone in Tangdao Bay Park, ºingdao, China (35°55ʹ53.8″N; 120°12ʹ09.1″E). <i>Type deposition:</i> The protargol slide (registration number: LR2020062501-01) with the holotype specimen (Figs 2H, I, 3P) and several paratype specimens, and another slide (registration number: LR2020062501-02) with paratype specimens were deposited in the Laboratory of Protozoology, Ocean University of China, ºingdao, China. The holotype was marked by a black ink circle on back side of the slide. <i>Description of Chinese population:</i> Body non-contractile, 20–35 × 10–20 μm <i>in vivo</i> with a ratio of length to width 1.9–2.4:1 and decreased to 1.2–1.7:1 a&amp;hstrok;er protargol staining. Body fusiform with anterior and posterior end slightly narrowed, dorsal side with slight concavity in posterior-third of body (Figs 2A–C, 3A–C, J, L). Macronucleus spherical to broadly ellipsoidal, centrally located or a liưle downward, 5–8 × 4–7 µm <i>in vivo</i>, many nucleoli always aưached to its outer surface in stained cells, but hardly observed <i>in vivo</i> (Figs 2A, C, G, 3C, D, G, P). Single globular micronucleus aưached to, or located near, macronucleus, 1–2 μm across in stained cells, usually unrecognizable <i>in vivo</i> (Figs 2G, 3D). Endoplasm colourless, containing numerous 1–2 μm across lipid droplets, few acontractile vacuoles and food vacuoles located at posterior part of cell (Figs 2A, 3A–C, J, M). Swims slowly by rotating around main body axis, always spiralling to the le&amp;hstrok;. Somatic cilia 5–10 μm long, arranged in 26–32 longitudinal somatic ciliary rows, forming three oblique parallel ciliary girdles, visible in both living and stained individuals (Figs 2A, D, H, I, 3F–I, L, P, º). Girdles beginning right to several kinetids located at the anterior end of oral kineties, extending downward along the cell surface, slightly more than 360°, with the passing surface a liưle dented (Figs 2D, 3M). Region below posterior end of last girdle 5–11 μm long, 36% of body length, with cilia irregularly and loosely arranged, mixing with mucocysts (Figs 2H, I, 3P, º). One flexible caudal cilium, 11–18 μm long, about half cell length (Figs 2A–C, 3A, C). Two to four somatic kineties on right dorsal side of oral area, composed of four to six kinetosomes each, forming a quadrilateral area so-called epaulet (Figs 2I, 3G–I). Ventrolateral fragment (VLF) located at right ventral side, about the same level as posterior end of oral kineties, comprised of three or four kinetosomes, arranged obliquely, further from somatic and oral kineties (Figs 2H, 3P, º). Thin argentophilic lines visible a&amp;hstrok;er staining, connecting longitudinally somatic ciliary rows (Figs 2H, I, 3N). All data are based on protargol-stained specimens.Measurements in μm.Abbreviations:CV,coefficient of variation in %; M, median; Max, maximum;Min, minimum;Mean, arithmetic mean; <i>N</i>, number of specimens examined;SD, standard deviation. Oral region oval in shape, 4–8 μm long, about 30% of cell length (Figs 2A–C, 3J). Funnel-like buccal cavity, transversely extending from lower half of oral region to dorsal side (Figs 2C, 3K). Oral ciliature including three monokinetidal oral kineties on le&amp;hstrok; margin of oral region. Two longer oral kineties in a semicircle. Oral kinety 2 (OK2) slightly shorter than oral kinety 1 (OK1). OK1 and OK2 crossed at about midportion or slightly below (Figs 2E, F, H, 3F, O –º). Oral kinety 3 (OK3) especially short, hard to distinguish on ventral side, but sometimes recognized in le&amp;hstrok; lateral view (Figs 2F, 3F). Kinetidal composition at the anterior part of OK1 is highly variable, usually formed by three dikinetids but a few individuals appear in other combinations such as two dikinetids or two dikinetids with one trikinetid (Figs 2E, H, 3O). Cytopharyngeal fibres thin, S-shaped, only visible in stained cells, 11–17 μm long (Fig. 3E).
description: Published as part of <i>Li, Ran, Zhuang, Wenbao, Feng, Xiaochen, Al-Farraj, Saleh A., Schrecengost, Anna, Roưerova, Johana, Beinart, Roxanne A. &amp; Hu, Xiaozhong, 2023, Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of three anaerobic plagiopyleans (Alveolata: Ciliophora), retrieved from two geographically distant localities in Asia and North America, pp. 493-510 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 199 (2)</i> on pages 496-499, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad015, http://zenodo.org/record/8426115