cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Distributed Continuous-Time and Discrete-Time Optimization With Nonuniform Unbounded Convex Constraint Sets and Nonuniform Stepsizes
Creators: name: Lin, Peng
name: Ren, Wei
name: Yang, Chunhua
name: Gui, Weihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49K15

description: This paper is devoted to distributed continuous-time and discrete-time optimization problems with nonuniform convex constraint sets and nonuniform stepsizes for general differentiable convex objective functions. The communication graphs are not required to be strongly connected at any time, the gradients of the local objective functions are not required to be bounded when their independent variables tend to infinity, and the constraint sets are not required to be bounded. For continuous-time multi-agent systems, a distributed continuous algorithm is first introduced where the stepsizes and the convex constraint sets are both nonuniform. It is shown that all agents reach a consensus while minimizing the team objective function even when the constraint sets are unbounded. After that, the obtained results are extended to discrete-time multi-agent systems and then the case where each agent remains in a corresponding convex constraint set is studied. To ensure all agents to remain in a bounded region, a switching mechanism is introduced in the algorithms. It is shown that the distributed optimization problems can be solved, even though the discretization of the algorithms might deviate the convergence of the agents from the minimum of the objective functions. Finally, numerical examples are included to show the obtained theoretical results.
description: 11 pages, 3figures
Differential effects of SARS-CoV-2 variants on central nervous system cells and blood-brain barrier functions.
Creators: name: Proust, Alizé
name: Queval, Christophe J
name: Harvey, Ruth
name: Adams, Lorin
name: Bennett, Michael
name: Wilkinson, Robert J
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
subject: Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
subject: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Disease
subject: Model organisms

description: BACKGROUND: Although mainly causing a respiratory syndrome, numerous neurological symptoms have been identified following of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, how the virus affects the brain and how the mutations carried by the different variants modulate those neurological symptoms remain unclear. METHODS: We used primary human pericytes, foetal astrocytes, endothelial cells and a microglial cell line to investigate the effect of several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern or interest on their functional activities. Cells and a 3D blood-brain barrier model were infected with the wild-type form of SARS-CoV-2, Alpha, Beta, Delta, Eta, or Omicron (BA.1) variants at various MOI. Cells and supernatant were used to evaluate cell susceptibility to the virus using a microscopic assay as well as effects of infection on (i) cell metabolic activity using a colorimetric MTS assay; (ii) viral cytopathogenicity using the xCELLigence system; (iii) extracellular glutamate concentration by fluorometric assay; and (iv) modulation of blood-brain barrier permeability. RESULTS: We demonstrate that productive infection of brain cells is SARS-CoV-2 variant dependent and that all the variants induce stress to CNS cells. The wild-type virus was cytopathic to all cell types except astrocytes, whilst Alpha and Beta variants were only cytopathic for pericytes, and the Omicron variant cytopathic for endothelial cells and pericytes. Lastly wild-type virus increases blood-brain barrier permeability and all variants, except Beta, modulate extracellular glutamate concentration, which can lead to excitotoxicity or altered neurotransmission. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 is neurotropic, with deleterious consequences for the blood-brain barrier integrity and central nervous system cells, which could underlie neurological disorders following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
(501842) Dr Carlyle
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Quadruplet Network with One-Shot Learning for Fast Visual Object Tracking
Creators: name: Dong, Xingping
name: Shen, Jianbing
name: Wu, Dongming
name: Guo, Kan
name: Jin, Xiaogang
name: Porikli, Fatih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the same vein of discriminative one-shot learning, Siamese networks allow recognizing an object from a single exemplar with the same class label. However, they do not take advantage of the underlying structure of the data and the relationship among the multitude of samples as they only rely on pairs of instances for training. In this paper, we propose a new quadruplet deep network to examine the potential connections among the training instances, aiming to achieve a more powerful representation. We design four shared networks that receive multi-tuple of instances as inputs and are connected by a novel loss function consisting of pair-loss and triplet-loss. According to the similarity metric, we select the most similar and the most dissimilar instances as the positive and negative inputs of triplet loss from each multi-tuple. We show that this scheme improves the training performance. Furthermore, we introduce a new weight layer to automatically select suitable combination weights, which will avoid the conflict between triplet and pair loss leading to worse performance. We evaluate our quadruplet framework by model-free tracking-by-detection of objects from a single initial exemplar in several Visual Object Tracking benchmarks. Our extensive experimental analysis demonstrates that our tracker achieves superior performance with a real-time processing speed of 78 frames-per-second (fps).
Pseudo-Periodic Natural Higgs Inflation
Creators: name: Marian, I. G.
name: Defenu, N.
name: Jentschura, U. D.
name: Trombettoni, A.
name: Nandori, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inflationary cosmology represents a well-studied framework to describe the expansion of space in the early universe, as it explains the origin of the large-scale structure of the cosmos and the isotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation. The recent detection of the Higgs boson renewed research activities based on the assumption that the inflaton could be identified with the Higgs field. At the same time, the question whether the inflationary potential can be be extended to the electroweak scale and whether it should be necessarily chosen ad hoc in order to be physically acceptable are at the center of an intense debate. Here, we perform the slow-roll analysis of the so-called Massive Natural Inflation (MNI) model which has three adjustable parameters, the explicit mass term, a Fourier amplitude u, and a frequency parameter $β$, in addition to a constant term of the potential. This theory has the advantage to present a structure of infinite non-degenerate minima and is amenable to an easy integration of high-energy modes. We show that, using PLANCK data, one can fix, in the large $β$-region, the parameters of the model in a unique way. We also demonstrate that the value for the parameters chosen at the cosmological scale does not influence the results at the electroweak scale. We argue that other models can have similar properties both at cosmological and electroweak scales, but with the MNI model one can complete the theory towards low energies and easily perform the integration of modes up to the electroweak scale, producing the correct order-of-magnitude for the Higgs mass.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, published in Nuclear Physics B
(501841) Jane Carlyle
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
On asymptotic expansions of generalized Bergman kernels on symplectic manifolds
Creators: name: Kordyukov, Yuri A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A full off-diagonal asymptotic expansion is established for the generalized Bergman kernels of the renormalized Bochner Laplacians associated with high tensor powers of a positive line bundle over a compact symplectic manifold. As an application, the algebra of Toeplitz operators on the symplectic manifold associated with the renormalized Bochner Laplacian is constructed.
description: 21 page, v3: final version
Minimization of fraction function penalty in compressed sensing
Creators: name: Li, Haiyang
name: Zhang, Qian
name: Cui, Angang
name: Peng, Jigen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the paper, we study the minimization problem of a non-convex sparsity promoting penalty function $$P_{a}(x)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}p_{a}(x_{i})=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\frac{a|x_{i}|}{1+a|x_{i}|}$$ in compressed sensing, which is called fraction function. Firstly, we discuss the equivalence of $\ell_{0}$ minimization and fraction function minimization. It is proved that there corresponds a constant $a^{**}>0$ such that, whenever $a>a^{**}$, every solution to $(FP_{a})$ also solves $(P_{0})$, that the uniqueness of global minimizer of $(FP_{a})$ and its equivalence to $(P_{0})$ if the sensing matrix $A$ satisfies a restricted isometry property (RIP) and, last but the most important, that the optimal solution to the regularization problem $(FP_{a}^λ)$ also solves $(FP_{a})$ if the certain condition is satisfied, which is similar to the regularization problem in convex optimal theory. Secondly, we study the properties of the optimal solution to the regularization problem $(FP^λ_{a})$ including the first-order and the second optimality condition and the lower and upper bound of the absolute value for its nonzero entries. Finally, we derive the closed form representation of the optimal solution to the regularization problem ($FP_{a}^λ$) for all positive values of parameter $a$, and propose an iterative $FP$ thresholding algorithm to solve the regularization problem $(FP_{a}^λ)$. We also provide a series of experiments to assess performance of the $FP$ algorithm, and the experiment results show that, compared with soft thresholding algorithm and half thresholding algorithms, the $FP$ algorithm performs the best in sparse signal recovery with and without measurement noise.
description: 12 pages
(501840) Amelia Alexandrina Klentz [Dickson]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Large-scale estimation of random graph models with local dependence
Creators: name: Babkin, Sergii
name: Stewart, Jonathan
name: Long, Xiaochen
name: Schweinberger, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A class of random graph models is considered, combining features of exponential-family models and latent structure models, with the goal of retaining the strengths of both of them while reducing the weaknesses of each of them. An open problem is how to estimate such models from large networks. A novel approach to large-scale estimation is proposed, taking advantage of the local structure of such models for the purpose of local computing. The main idea is that random graphs with local dependence can be decomposed into subgraphs, which enables parallel computing on subgraphs and suggests a two-step estimation approach. The first step estimates the local structure underlying random graphs. The second step estimates parameters given the estimated local structure of random graphs. Both steps can be implemented in parallel, which enables large-scale estimation. The advantages of the two-step estimation approach are demonstrated by simulation studies with up to 10,000 nodes and an application to a large Amazon product recommendation network with more than 10,000 products.
(501839) Catherine Roberta Dunbar Klentz [Dickson]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Visual region understanding: unsupervised extraction and abstraction
Creators: name: Gupta, Gaurav
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2012

description: The ability to gain a conceptual understanding of the world in uncontrolled environments is the ultimate goal of vision-based computer systems. Technological societies today are heavily reliant on surveillance and security infrastructure, robotics, medical image analysis, visual data categorisation and search, and smart device user interaction, to name a few. Out of all the complex problems tackled by computer vision today in context of these technologies, that which lies closest to the original goals of the field is the subarea of unsupervised scene analysis or scene modelling. However, its common use of low level features does not provide a good balance between generality and discriminative ability, both a result and a symptom of the sensory and semantic gaps existing between low level computer representations and high level human descriptions. In this research we explore a general framework that addresses the fundamental problem of universal unsupervised extraction of semantically meaningful visual regions and their behaviours. For this purpose we address issues related to (i) spatial and spatiotemporal segmentation for region extraction, (ii) region shape modelling, and (iii) the online categorisation of visual object classes and the spatiotemporal analysis of their behaviours. Under this framework we propose (a) a unified region merging method and spatiotemporal region reduction, (b) shape representation by the optimisation and novel simplication of contour-based growing neural gases, and (c) a foundation for the analysis of visual object motion properties using a shape and appearance based nearest-centroid classification algorithm and trajectory plots for the obtained region classes. Specifically, we formulate a region merging spatial segmentation mechanism that combines and adapts features shown previously to be individually useful, namely parallel region growing, the best merge criterion, a time adaptive threshold, and region reduction techniques. For spatiotemporal region refinement we consider both scalar intensity differences and vector optical flow. To model the shapes of the visual regions thus obtained, we adapt the growing neural gas for rapid region contour representation and propose a contour simplication technique. A fast unsupervised nearest-centroid online learning technique next groups observed region instances into classes, for which we are then able to analyse spatial presence and spatiotemporal trajectories. The analysis results show semantic correlations to real world object behaviour. Performance evaluation of all steps across standard metrics and datasets validate their performance.
(501838) John Sydney Hogg
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(501837) Frank Long
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(501836) Constantia Grey [Manisty]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(501835) Henry Manisty
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Persistent Currents in Ferromagnetic Condensates
Creators: name: Lamacraft, Austen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Persistent currents in Bose condensates with a scalar order parameter are stabilized by the topology of the order parameter manifold. In condensates with multicomponent order parameters it is topologically possible for supercurrents to `unwind' without leaving the manifold. We study the energetics of this process in the case of ferromagnetic condensates using a long wavelength energy functional that includes both the superfluid and spin stiffnesses. Exploiting analogies to an elastic rod and rigid body motion, we show that the current carrying state in a 1D ring geometry transitions between a spin helix in the energy minima and a soliton-like configuration at the maxima. The relevance to recent experiments in ultracold atoms is briefly discussed.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Accepted version
The British army of the Rhine and the Germans (1948-1957): from enemies to partners
Creators: name: Speiser, Peter
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2012

description: This thesis focuses on the attempt by the post-war British Labour and Conservative administrations to use the British Army of the Rhine (BAOR) as a tool to improve relations with the German civilian population during the early stages of the Cold War. The original contribution to knowledge lies in the evaluation of the efforts made by both the British and the German administrations to transform the BAOR from an occupation army to a protecting force and utilise its presence to strengthen German integration into the Western defence against communism. Although historians have evaluated the BAOR’s role in Germany from a strategic and military perspective, the political and social contexts resulting from the presence of nearly 80,000 British troops and their families during the early period of post-war German sovereignty have so far been largely neglected. This study considers not only the official contacts between the Services and the Germans, but also the more individual levels of contact, including living conditions of troops, social interaction and points of friction between soldiers and civilians. The thesis argues that the success of the transformation of the BAOR from a force of occupation to a tool of integration depended on two factors: the receptiveness of the German population to the new role of the BAOR and the attitudes of the British Services in conducting their new relationships with German civilians. It examines the German perceptions of the British Services by analysing hostile incidents between troops and civilians as well as comparing the popularity of the British Services with that of the other occupying powers in the young Federal Republic. Furthermore, it seeks to establish to what extent the widespread unwillingness of the Services to engage with Germans, which was evident in 1948, was transformed by the mid-1950s. This entails the analysis of the representation of Germany in British media and popular culture as an influence on troops in the BAOR as well as initiatives taken by the Services themselves to improve relations. The main findings of the thesis are that, although significant changes were implemented by the British administration to improve relations, the BAOR was not an effective tool to strengthen the Anglo-German partnership. This was partly due to the organisational structure of the Services but also due to a widespread reluctance by British troops to engage with the German population. Despite some local successes, the main achievement of the British and German administrations throughout the period in question was not an improvement but rather the prevention of a deterioration of relations between British Servicemen and German civilians in a crucial period of German integration into the Western defence against Communism.
D2D-Based Grouped Random Access to Mitigate Mobile Access Congestion in 5G Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Han, Bin
name: Sciancalepore, Vincenzo
name: Holland, Oliver
name: Dohler, Mischa
name: Schotten, Hans D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Fifth Generation (5G) wireless service of sensor networks involves significant challenges when dealing with the coordination of ever-increasing number of devices accessing shared resources. This has drawn major interest from the research community as many existing works focus on the radio access network congestion control to efficiently manage resources in the context of device-to-device (D2D) interaction in huge sensor networks. In this context, this paper pioneers a study on the impact of D2D link reliability in group-assisted random access protocols, by shedding the light on beneficial performance and potential limitations of approaches of this kind against tunable parameters such as group size, number of sensors and reliability of D2D links. Additionally, we leverage on the association with a Geolocation Database (GDB) capability to assist the grouping decisions by drawing parallels with recent regulatory-driven initiatives around GDBs and arguing benefits of the suggested proposal. Finally, the proposed method is approved to significantly reduce the delay over random access channels, by means of an exhaustive simulation campaign.
description: First submission to IEEE Communications Magazine on Oct.28.2017. Accepted on Aug.18.2019. This is the camera-ready version
(501834) Dorothy Manisty
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
High-density quantum sensing with dissipative first order transitions
Creators: name: Raghunandan, Meghana
name: Wrachtrup, Jörg
name: Weimer, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sensing of external fields using quantum systems is a prime example of an emergent quantum technology. Generically, the sensitivity of a quantum sensor consisting of $N$ independent particles is proportional to $\sqrt{N}$. However, interactions invariably occuring at high densities lead to a breakdown of the assumption of independence between the particles, posing a severe challenge for quantum sensors operating at the nanoscale. Here, we show that interactions in quantum sensors can be transformed from a nuisance into an advantage when strong interactions trigger a dissipative phase transition in an open quantum system. We demonstrate this behavior by analyzing dissipative quantum sensors based upon nitrogen-vacancy defect centers in diamond. Using both a variational method and numerical simulation of the master equation describing the open quantum many-body system, we establish the existence of a dissipative first order transition that can be used for quantum sensing. We investigate the properties of this phase transition for two- and three-dimensional setups, demonstrating that the transition can be observed using current experimental technology. Finally, we show that quantum sensors based on dissipative phase transitions are particularly robust against imperfections such as disorder or decoherence, with the sensitivity of the sensor not being limited by the $T_2$ coherence time of the device. Our results can readily be applied to other applications in quantum sensing and quantum metrology where interactions are currently a limiting factor.
description: 6+3 pages, 6+3 figures
Gorenstein simplices with a given $δ$-polynomial
Creators: name: Hibi, Takayuki
name: Tsuchiya, Akiyoshi
name: Yoshida, Koutarou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B12, 52B20

description: To classify the lattice polytopes with a given $δ$-polynomial is an important open problem in Ehrhart theory. A complete classification of the Gorenstein simplices whose normalized volumes are prime integers is known. In particular, their $δ$-polynomials are of the form $1+t^k+\cdots+t^{(v-1)k}$, where $k$ and $v$ are positive integers. In the present paper, a complete classification of the Gorenstein simplices with the above $δ$-polynomials will be performed, when $v$ is either $p^2$ or $pq$, where $p$ and $q$ are prime integers with $p \neq q$. Moreover, we consider the number of Gorenstein simplices, up to unimodular equivalence, with the expected $δ$-polynomial.
description: 14 pages, to appear in Discrete Mathematics
Modelling the Impacts of International Trade Policies on Biodiversity. Deliverable 7.1: Co-designed Modelling Framework for Supply Chain Governance Initiatives.
Creators: name: Harrison, Michelle
name: Sihvonen, Heli
name: Vargas, Juan Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: biodiversity
modelling
biodiversity model
lifecycle assessment
econometric model
scenario modelling
GLOBIOM

description: Modelling in CLEVER aims to provide a holistic perspective on the relationship between the international trade of non-food crops, forest commodities and fishmeal and their impacts on biodiversity. The primary aim of the simulations is to understand the influence of trade-related interventions, both private and policy-driven, on biodiversity outcomes, capitalizing on potential leverage points. This occurs through collaboration with a diverse group of research bodies, using varying methodologies, coupled with stakeholder co-design and participation. The aim of this report is to make the modelling framework of CLEVER clearer for its stakeholders enabling them to contribute to research.
(501833) Frances Green
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Gowers norms control diophantine inequalities
Creators: name: Walker, Aled
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A central tool in the study of systems of linear equations with integer coefficients is the Generalised von Neumann Theorem of Green and Tao. This theorem reduces the task of counting the weighted solutions of these equations to that of counting the weighted solutions for a particular family of forms, the Gowers norms $\Vert f \Vert_{U^{s+1}[N]}$ of the weight $f$. In this paper we consider systems of linear inequalities with real coefficients, and show that the number of solutions to such weighted diophantine inequalities may also be bounded by Gowers norms. Furthermore, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition for a system of real linear forms to be governed by Gowers norms in this way. We present applications to cancellation of the Möbius function over certain sequences. The machinery developed in this paper can be adapted to the case in which the weights are unbounded but suitably pseudorandom, with applications to counting the number of solutions to diophantine inequalities over the primes. Substantial extra difficulties occur in this setting, however, and we have prepared a separate paper on these issues.
description: 75 pages. Reworked introduction based on referee comments. To appear in Algebra & Number Theory
(501832) Francis George West
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Braided module categories via quantum symmetric pairs
Creators: name: Kolb, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37, 81R50

description: Let ${\mathfrak g}$ be a finite dimensional complex semisimple Lie algebra. The finite dimensional representations of the quantized enveloping algebra $U_q({\mathfrak g})$ form a braided monoidal category $O_{int}$. We show that the category of finite dimensional representations of a quantum symmetric pair coideal subalgebra $B_{c,s}$ of $U_q({\mathfrak g})$ is a braided module category over an equivariantization of $O_{int}$. The braiding for $B_{c,s}$ is realized by a universal K-matrix which lies in a completion of $B_{c,s}\otimes U_q({\mathfrak g})$. We apply these results to describe a distinguished basis of the center of $B_{c,s}$.
description: Substantial revision following referee comments; modified definition of the universal K-matrix to obtain a braided module category in all cases; added interpretation of the multiplicative behavior of the distinguished basis of the center in full generality; rewrote Section 3.4 to also hold in the Kac-Moody case; 33 pages, 6 figures
Connectedness properties and splittings of groups with isolated flats
Creators: name: Hruska, G. Christopher
name: Ruane, Kim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F67, 20E08

description: In this paper we study CAT(0) groups and their splittings as graphs of groups. For one-ended CAT(0) groups with isolated flats we prove a theorem characterizing exactly when the visual boundary is locally connected. This characterization depends on whether the group has a certain type of splitting over a virtually abelian subgroup. In the locally connected case, we describe the boundary as a tree of metric spaces in the sense of Świątkowski. A significant tool used in the proofs of the above results is a general convex splitting theorem for arbitrary CAT(0) groups. If a CAT(0) group splits as a graph of groups with convex edge groups, then the vertex groups are also CAT(0) groups.
description: 37 pages. The introduction has been substantially rewritten. A claimed result from an earlier version about the semistability of all CAT(0) groups with isolated flats has been removed because the proof contained an error. A correct proof of that result can be found in the article arXiv:1904.12947. Some theorem numbers may have changed
Stakeholder Engagement in CLEVER. Deliverable 8.5. Approaches to and Insights from Stakeholder Engagement at the End of the First Year of the Project
Creators: name: Vargas, Juan Manuel
name: Sihvonen, Heli
name: Brooks, Sharon
name: Lisen Runsten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: stakeholder
co-design
biodiversity
engagement

description: The report presents the CLEVER project's (Creating leverage to enhance biodiversity outcomes of global biomass trade) approach to stakeholder engagement and co-design. The main objectives of stakeholder engagement in CLEVER are to enable diverse stakeholders to refine the research questions, to facilitate knowledge transfer and uptake, and to provide an opportunity to participate in the co-design process for innovative policy recommendations and governance instruments.

 The project sets up a Stakeholder Reference Group (SRF) comprising representatives from the policy sector, business, certification, and civil society initiatives. The SRF helps refine assumptions, hypotheses, and modelling scenarios, ensuring relevance, credibility, and legitimacy of the outcomes. Insights from stakeholder engagement in the creation of a conceptual framework for the project reveal the importance of understanding the timing and location of trade impacts on biodiversity, the drivers of biodiversity loss, effective conservation practices, and multi-actor negotiation processes.
(501831) Arthur Richard Whitham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Bayesian Decision Making in Groups is Hard
Creators: name: Hązła, Jan
name: Jadbabaie, Ali
name: Mossel, Elchanan
name: Rahimian, M. Amin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 91B06, 68Q25, 91A35, 62C10

description: We study the computations that Bayesian agents undertake when exchanging opinions over a network. The agents act repeatedly on their private information and take myopic actions that maximize their expected utility according to a fully rational posterior belief. We show that such computations are NP-hard for two natural utility functions: one with binary actions, and another where agents reveal their posterior beliefs. In fact, we show that distinguishing between posteriors that are concentrated on different states of the world is NP-hard. Therefore, even approximating the Bayesian posterior beliefs is hard. We also describe a natural search algorithm to compute agents' actions, which we call elimination of impossible signals, and show that if the network is transitive, the algorithm can be modified to run in polynomial time.
Classifications of exact structures and Cohen-Macaulay-finite algebras
Creators: name: Enomoto, Haruhisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18E10 (Primary), 16G10, 16G30, 16G50 (Secondary)

description: We give a classification of all exact structures on a given idempotent complete additive category. Using this, we investigate the structure of an exact category with finitely many indecomposables. We show that the relation of the Grothendieck group of such a category is generated by AR conflations. Moreover, we obtain an explicit classification of (1) Gorenstein-projective-finite Iwanaga-Gorenstein algebras, (2) Cohen-Macaulay-finite orders, and more generally, (3) cotilting modules $U$ with $^\perp U$ of finite type. In the appendix, we develop the AR theory of exact categories over a noetherian complete local ring, and relate the existence of AR conflations to the AR duality and dualizing varieties.
description: 27 pages, Final version
(501830) Patrick Dickson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Sprachen und Sprachmittlung in der Gastarbeiter_innenmigration: die galicischen Arbeitsmigrant_innen in Hannover
Creators: name: Estévez Grossi, Marta
Publisher: name: Wiesbaden : Springer VS
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Community Interpreting
subject: Migrationslinguistik
subject: Arbeitsmigration
subject: Gastarbeiter_innen
subject: Minderheitensprachen
subject: galicische Migration
subject: spanische Migration
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik

description: Der Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit der sprachlichen Situation der Gastarbeiter_innen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland mit besonderer Berücksichtigung ihres Sprachmittlungsbedarfs. Der Fokus soll auf der Lage einer Sprecher_innengemeinschaft einer Minderheitensprache im Migrationskontext liegen, die der eigenen Territorialsprache nicht vollständig mächtig ist. Dafür wird exemplarisch die galicische Arbeitsmigration in der Stadt Hannover aus sprachwissenschaftlicher Sicht vorgestellt und ihre sprachmittlerischen Praktiken anhand eines dolmetschwissenschaftlichen Ansatzes erläutert. Die Migrationslinguistik als Teildisziplin der angewandten Sprachwissenschaft und das Community Interpreting als Teildisziplin der Dolmetschwissenschaft und Translatologie bilden die theoretischen Grundlagen der Analyse.
(501828) Goldsborough Dickson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Security CTF Problems For Beginning Developers Of Low-Resource Real-Time Embedded Systems Software
Creators: name: Chadha, Arshi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: As our society’s reliance on automations increases, so does the importance of the security of the embedded systems that control these automations. Unfortunately, there is currently a scarcity in educational material for embedded systems security due to the area’s relative nascency. In this thesis, we explore how to design Capture The Flag (CTF) problems that showcase common beginner mistakes in embedded systems programming. We started by designing a storyline that involves a protagonist and her companion robot, which runs on a low-resource real-time embedded system. As it happens, the programming of this robot contains multiple subtle mistakes that would allow the antagonists in our story to become saboteurs. The goal of the learners is to role-play as the antagonists and discover how to generate malicious inputs that trigger these mistakes. Our effort to date has generated 5 CTF problems, each featuring a FreeRTOS program that implements the corresponding scenario. Our programs utilize the ocial FreeRTOS POSIX/Linux Simulator so that they can run on any traditional Linux server. This approach eliminates the need to access embedded hardware when playing our CTF problems, thus allowing our effort to scale to a large number of learners and support remote learning.
Intuitionistic fuzzy XML query matching and rewriting
Creators: name: Alzebdi, Mohammed Sharaf A A
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2013

description: With the emergence of XML as a standard for data representation, particularly on the web, the need for intelligent query languages that can operate on XML documents with structural heterogeneity has recently gained a lot of popularity. Traditional Information Retrieval and Database approaches have limitations when dealing with such scenarios. Therefore, fuzzy (flexible) approaches have become the predominant. In this thesis, we propose a new approach for approximate XML query matching and rewriting which aims at achieving soft matching of XML queries with XML data sources following different schemas. Unlike traditional querying approaches, which require exact matching, the proposed approach makes use of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Trees to achieve approximate (soft) query matching. Through this new approach, not only the exact answer of a query, but also approximate answers are retrieved. Furthermore, partial results can be obtained from multiple data sources and merged together to produce a single answer to a query. The proposed approach introduced a new tree similarity measure that considers the minimum and maximum degrees of similarity/inclusion of trees that are based on arc matching. New techniques for soft node and arc matching were presented for matching queries against data sources with highly varied structures. A prototype was developed to test the proposed ideas and it proved the ability to achieve approximate matching for pattern queries with a number of XML schemas and rewrite the original query so that it obtain results from the underlying data sources. This has been achieved through several novel algorithms which were tested and proved efficiency and low CPU/Memory cost even for big number of data sources.