cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Syndemic effects in complex humanitarian emergencies : A framework for understanding political violence and improving multi-morbidity health outcomes
Creators: name: Kohrt, Brandon A.
name: Carruth, Lauren
Publisher: name: Social Science and Medicine
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: A hallmark of complex humanitarian emergencies is the collective exposure, often over extended periods of time, to political violence in the forms of war, terrorism, political intimidation, repression, unlawful detention, and forced displacement. Populations in complex humanitarian emergencies have higher risks of multiple co-morbidities: mental disorders, infectious diseases, malnutrition, and chronic non-communicable diseases. However, there is wide variation in the health impacts both across and within humanitarian emergencies. Syndemic theory is an approach to conceptualizing disease and social determinants to understand differential patterns of multi-morbidity, elucidate underlying mechanisms, and better design interventions. Syndemic theory, if applied to complex humanitarian emergencies, has the potential to uncover origins of localized patterns of multi-morbidity resulting from political violence and historical inequities. In this paper, we present two case studies based on mixed-methods research to illustrate how syndemic models can be applied in complex humanitarian emergencies. First, in a Nepal case study, we explore different patterns of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression co-morbidity among female former child soldiers returning home after war. Despite comparable exposure to war-related traumas, girl soldiers in high-caste Hindu communities had 63% co-morbidity of PTSD and depression, whereas girl soldiers in communities with mixed castes and religions, had 8% PTSD prevalence, but no cases of PTSD and depression co-morbidity. In the second case study, we explore the high rates of type 2 diabetes during a spike in political violence and population displacement. Despite low rates of obesity and other common risk factors, Somalis in Ethiopia experienced rising cases of and poor outcomes from type-2 diabetes. Political violence shapes healthcare resources, diets, and potentially, this epidemiological anomaly. Based on these case studies we propose a humanitarian syndemic research agenda for observational and intervention studies, with the central focus being that public health efforts need to target violence prevention at family, community, national, and global levels.
On quasiconformal close-to-convex harmonic mappings involving starlike functions
Creators: name: Wang, Zhi-Gang
name: Huang, Xin-Zhong
name: Liu, Zhi-Hong
name: Kargar, Rahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C45, 58E20

description: In the present paper, we discuss several basic properties of a class of quasiconformal close-to-convex harmonic mappings with starlike analytic part, such results as coefficient inequalities, an integral representation, a growth theorem, an area theorem, and radii of close-to-convexity of partial sums of the class, are derived.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Development and validation of Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1)-specific patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for clinical monitoring and for clinical trials
Creators: name: Elstein, Deborah
name: Belmatoug, Nadia
name: Deegan, Patrick
name: Göker-Alpan, Özlem
name: Hughes, Derralynn A.
name: Schwartz, Ida Vanessa D.
name: Weinreb, Neal
name: Bonner, Nicola
name: Panter, Charlotte
name: Fountain, Donna
name: Lenny, Andrew
name: Longworth, Louise
name: Miller, Rachael
name: Shah, Koonal
name: Schenk, Jörn
name: Sen, Rohini
name: Zimran, Ari
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Patient reported outcome measure (rmGD1-PROM).
Topological quantization of gravitational fields
Creators: name: Patino, Leonardo
name: Quevedo, Hernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the method of topological quantization for gravitational fields in a systematic manner. First we show that any vacuum solution of Einstein's equations can be represented in a principal fiber bundle with a connection that takes values in the Lie algebra of the Lorentz group. This result is generalized to include the case of gauge matter fields in multiple principal fiber bundles. We present several examples of gravitational configurations that include a gravitomagnetic monopole in linearized gravity, the C-energy of cylindrically symmetric fields, the Reissner-Nordström and the Kerr-Newman black holes. As a result of the application of the topological quantization procedure, in all the analyzed examples we obtain conditions implying that the parameters entering the metric in each case satisfy certain discretization relationships.
description: Latex file, 18 pages
Simplified analysis of structures using applied element method
Creators: name: Lincy Christy, D.
name: Nagarajan, Praveen
name: T. M. Madhavan Pillai
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2021
Subjects: applied element method
stiffness matrix
formulation
natural frequency
mode shape

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology (SJST), 43, 1, 133-143
Understanding the Instability of the Halide Perovskite CsPbI$_3$ through Temperature-Dependent Structural Analysis
Creators: name: Straus, Daniel B.
name: Guo, Shu
name: Abeykoon, Milinda
name: Cava, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the tremendous interest in halide perovskites in solar cells, the reason that the all-inorganic perovskite CsPbI$_3$ is unstable at room temperature remains mysterious. Here single-crystal X-ray diffraction and powder pair distribution function (PDF) measurements characterize bulk perovskite CsPbI$_3$ from 100 to 295 K to elucidate its thermodynamic instability. While Cs occupies a single site from 100 to 150 K, it splits between two sites from 175 to 295 K with the second site having a lower effective coordination number, which along with other structural parameters suggests that Cs rattles in its coordination polyhedron. PDF measurements reveal that on the length scale of the unit cell, the Pb-I octahedra concurrently become greatly distorted, with one of the I-Pb-I angles approaching 82° compared to the ideal 90°. The rattling of Cs, low number of Cs-I contacts, and high degree of octahedral distortion cause the instability of perovskite-phase CsPbI$_3$. These results provide detailed structural information that may help to engineer greater stability of CsPbI$_3$ and other all-inorganic perovskites for use in solar cells.
description: 21 pages including supporting information. 4 figures, 7 supporting figures, 2 supporting tables
Demand for Imported-Frozen versus Domestic-Traditionally Processed Fish in Africa: Panel Data Evidence from Nigeria
Creators: name: Liverpool-Tasie, L.S.O.
name: Sanou, A.
name: Reardon, T.
name: Liverpool-Tasie, L.S.O.
name: Sanou, A.
name: Reardon, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Fish
subject: Aquaculture
subject: Nigeria
subject: Fish production markets

description: • Fish consumption in Nigeria is higher in the richer South than the poorer North. • Fish consumption is surprisingly similar in urban and rural areas, controlling for the region. Rural fish consumption (as well as that of the North in general) is heavily skewed toward traditional forms (dried, smoked) and somewhat less frozen/imported. • Fish consumption is found to be relatively expenditure inelastic (compared with poultry and milk), thus signaling “perception as necessity” by consumers. • Among fish forms, traditional forms such as dried and smoked fish tend to be income inelastic while the modern frozen fish form is income elastic • Currently imported frozen fish prices are much higher than fresh domestic fish or the fresh equivalent price of dried fish. This creates opportunities for domestic fish production to compete with imports
Additional file 1 of Preeclampsia at delivery is associated with lower serum vitamin D and higher antiangiogenic factors: a case control study
Creators: name: Seifer, David B.
name: Lambert-Messerlian, Geralyn
name: Palomaki, Glenn E.
name: Silver, Robert M.
name: Parker, Corette
name: Rowland Hogue, Carol J.
name: Stoll, Barbara J.
name: Saade, George R.
name: Goldenberg, Robert L.
name: Dudley, Donald J.
name: Bukowski, Radek
name: Pinar, Halit
name: Reddy, Uma M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: sFigure 1. Log-linear regression of endoglin, sFlt-1 and vitamin D measurements vs gestational age at delivery. The horizontal axes shows the gestational age at birth in decimal weeks, while the vertical logarithmic axes shows the three analyte levels on a logarithmic scale. Solid line shows the unweighted regression results. Correlations, intercepts, slopes and p-values are contained in sTable 1. sFigure 2. Log-linear regression of endoglin, sFlt-1 and vitamin D measurements expressed as multiple of the gestational age-specific medians (MoM) vs the mother’s body mass index. The horizontal axes shows the mother’s body mass index (BMI), while the vertical logarithmic axes shows the three analyte levels on a logarithmic scale. The solid line shows the regression results. The correlations, intercepts, slopes and p-values are contained in sTable 1. sFigure 3. Scatterplots of Endoglin, sFlt-1 and vitamin D levels at delivery in pregnancies with (left column) and without (right column) preeclampsia, after adjusting for gestational age and body mass index (BMI). sTable 1. Parameters for the logarithmic linear regression analyses for the three biochemical measurements to account for the associations with gestational age and body mass index (BMI) among control pregnancies.
Identifying and characterising price leadership in British supermarkets
Creators: name: Seaton, Jonathan S.
name: Waterson, Michael
name: Seaton, Jonathan S.
name: Waterson, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: Price leadership is a concept that lacks precision. We propose a deliberately narrow, falsifiable, definition and illustrate its feasibility using the two leading British supermarket chains. We find both firms engaging in leadership behaviour over a range of products, with the larger being somewhat more dominant but the smaller increasing leadership activity over time. Surprisingly, more price leadership events are price reductions than price increases, but the increases are of larger monetary amounts (so average price increases over time) and the events appear not necessarily related to cost changes. Price leadership appears to play some role in price increases.
title: The Matrix‐Free Macro‐Element Hybridized Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Steady and Unsteady Compressible Flows
Creators: name: Badrkhani, Vahid
name: Eikelder, Marco F. P. ten
name: Hiemstra, René R.
name: Schillinger, Dominik
Publisher: name: John Wiley & Sons
Year: 2025

description: The macro‐element variant of the hybridized discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) method combines advantages of continuous and discontinuous finite element discretization. In this paper, we investigate the performance of the macro‐element HDG method for the analysis of compressible flow problems at moderate Reynolds numbers. To efficiently handle the corresponding large systems of equations, we explore several strategies at the solver level. On the one hand, we utilize a second‐layer static condensation approach that reduces the size of the local system matrix in each macro‐element and hence the factorization time of the local solver. On the other hand, we employ a multi‐level preconditioner based on the FGMRES solver for the global system that integrates well within a matrix‐free implementation. In addition, we integrate a standard diagonally implicit Runge–Kutta scheme for time integration. We test the matrix‐free macro‐element HDG method for compressible flow benchmarks, including Couette flow, flow past a sphere, and the Taylor–Green vortex. Our results show that unlike standard HDG, the macro‐element HDG method can operate efficiently for moderate polynomial degrees, as the local computational load can be flexibly increased via mesh refinement within a macro‐element. Our results also show that due to the balance of local and global operations, the reduction in degrees of freedom, and the reduction of the global problem size and the number of iterations for its solution, the macro‐element HDG method can be a competitive option for the analysis of compressible flow problems.
Pion-nucleon scattering in a meson-exchange model
Creators: name: Gasparyan, A. M.
name: Haidenbauer, J.
name: Hanhart, C.
name: Speth, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pi-N interaction is studied within a meson-exchange model and in a coupled-channels approach which includes the channels pi-N, eta-N, as well as three effective pi-pi-N channels namely rho-N, pi-Delta, and sigma-N. Starting out from an earlier model of the Julich group systematic improvements in the dynamics and in some technical aspects are introduced. With the new model an excellent quantitative reproduction of the pi-N phase shifts and inelasticity parameters in the energy region up to 1.9 GeV and for total angular momenta J leq 3/2 is achieved. Simultaneously, good agreement with data for the total and differential pi-N -> eta-N transition cross sections is obtained. The connection of the pi_N dynamics in the S_{11} partial wave with the reaction pi-N -> eta-N is discussed.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures
Feasibility Study of Solar, Wind and Diesel Based Pumping Systems in Nyala Region
Creators: name: Abdalgader, Ahmed Osman Elamin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90608 Renewable Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Solar Cells)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 90607 Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Renewable Power)

description: Darfur region has a great deal of underground water resources and fertile land not fully utilized for agriculture. Agricultural land is irrigated using diesel engines. The diesel price is high due to transportation distance and risks. Darfur region has a good potential of solar, and wind energy. The objective of this study is to compare between the usability of solar, wind, and diesel in water pumping for irrigation in Nyala valley, South Darfur State. The required daily energy was calculated based on the estimation of daily amount of water and head for pumping. The daily amount of water was determined by the types of plants, weather condition, type of soil and cultivated area. The solar, wind, and diesel systems were selected to give the required quantity of water and head. The cost estimation and economic feasibility have been calculated based on the net present value of the money (NPV). A farm land of forty feddans (16.8 hectares) was chosen in the study. The water was estimated to be 2850 m3/day using CROPWAT program. The total dynamic head for the water pumping has been determined as 19.1 m and the energy was 401 kWh/day. In order to meet the water requirements of the farm, the following systems were sized and selected; (a) Three photovoltaic (PV) solar water pumping systems each delivers 1000m3/day, (b) One set of wind turbine used to generate electricity with capacity of 476 kWh/day, (c) Twenty four units of wind direct water pumping systems each gives 120 m3/day, (d) Three sets of diesel pumps each gives1000m3/day. The results of the feasibility showed that the cost of photovoltaic solar water pumping systems, wind turbine used to generate electricity, wind direct pumping systems, and diesel engine system are 193 000, 214 000, 353 000 and 447 000 US dollars respectively. The results of the comparison between the alternatives showed that the best choice is to use photovoltaic solar water pumping systems since it is cost effective, reliable, and needs less maintenance. In addition, unlike wind energy systems there are many companies for installation and maintenance of photovoltaic solar pumping systems in Sudan.
Additional file 1 of How can community engagement in health research be strengthened for infectious disease outbreaks in Sub-Saharan Africa? A scoping review of the literature
Creators: name: Vanderslott, Samantha
name: Van Ryneveld, Manya
name: Marchant, Mark
name: Lees, Shelley
name: Nolna, Sylvie Kwedi
name: Marsh, Vicki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Conceptual framework of 3 core themes for effective CE. We show a diagrammatic representation of the nature of and interplay between these three elements, illustrating the way they may work together towards supporting effective CE and providing a ‘marker’ for community responsiveness. Relevant benchmarks from the ‘state-of-the-art’ reports are shown in the diagram, indicating their role in an overall analysis
Runaway electron synchrotron radiation in a vertically translated plasma
Creators: name: Hoppe, M.
name: Papp, G.
name: Wikjamp, T.
name: Perek, A.
name: Decker, J.
name: Duval, B.
name: Embreus, O.
name: Fülöp, T.
name: Sheikh, U. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synchrotron radiation observed from runaway electrons (REs) in tokamaks depends upon the position and size of the RE beam, the RE energy and pitch distributions, as well as the location of the observer. We show that experimental synchrotron images of a vertically moving runaway electron beam sweeping past the detector in the TCV tokamak agree well with predictions from the synthetic synchrotron diagnostic Soft. This experimental validation lends confidence to the theory underlying the synthetic diagnostics which are used for benchmarking theoretical models of and probing runaway dynamics. We present a comparison of synchrotron measurements in TCV with predictions of kinetic theory for runaway dynamics in uniform magnetic fields. We find that to explain the detected synchrotron emission, significant non-collisional pitch angle scattering as well as radial transport of REs would be needed. Such effects could be caused by the presence of magnetic perturbations, which should be further investigated in future TCV experiments.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Nuclear Fusion
Farm-Nonfarm Linkages in the West African Semi-Arid Tropics: New Evidence from Niger and Senegal
Creators: name: Hopkins, Jane
name: Kelly, Valerie
name: Delgado, Christopher
name: Hopkins, Jane
name: Kelly, Valerie
name: Delgado, Christopher
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Consumer/Household Economics

description: Data from two recent household surveys in Africa are used to estimate growth multipliers. The paper provides evidence of larger multipliers and stronger nonfarm linkages than previously attributed to African smallholders. It indicates that broad-based agricultural growth will have large indirect benefits to the local economy.
Syndemic effects in complex humanitarian emergencies : A framework for understanding political violence and improving multi-morbidity health outcomes
Creators: name: Kohrt, Brandon A.
name: Carruth, Lauren
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: A hallmark of complex humanitarian emergencies is the collective exposure, often over extended periods of time, to political violence in the forms of war, terrorism, political intimidation, repression, unlawful detention, and forced displacement. Populations in complex humanitarian emergencies have higher risks of multiple co-morbidities: mental disorders, infectious diseases, malnutrition, and chronic non-communicable diseases. However, there is wide variation in the health impacts both across and within humanitarian emergencies. Syndemic theory is an approach to conceptualizing disease and social determinants to understand differential patterns of multi-morbidity, elucidate underlying mechanisms, and better design interventions. Syndemic theory, if applied to complex humanitarian emergencies, has the potential to uncover origins of localized patterns of multi-morbidity resulting from political violence and historical inequities. In this paper, we present two case studies based on mixed-methods research to illustrate how syndemic models can be applied in complex humanitarian emergencies. First, in a Nepal case study, we explore different patterns of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression co-morbidity among female former child soldiers returning home after war. Despite comparable exposure to war-related traumas, girl soldiers in high-caste Hindu communities had 63% co-morbidity of PTSD and depression, whereas girl soldiers in communities with mixed castes and religions, had 8% PTSD prevalence, but no cases of PTSD and depression co-morbidity. In the second case study, we explore the high rates of type 2 diabetes during a spike in political violence and population displacement. Despite low rates of obesity and other common risk factors, Somalis in Ethiopia experienced rising cases of and poor outcomes from type-2 diabetes. Political violence shapes healthcare resources, diets, and potentially, this epidemiological anomaly. Based on these case studies we propose a humanitarian syndemic research agenda for observational and intervention studies, with the central focus being that public health efforts need to target violence prevention at family, community, national, and global levels.
Planetary coordinate reference systems & mapping
Creators: name: Rossi, Angelo Pio
Publisher: name: Europlanet GMAP Winter School 2024, Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Introduction to CRS for the 2024 GMAP Winter School  (overall repository at: https://github.com/europlanet-gmap/winter-school-2024).

An interactive version is (as of end 2023) available at: https://aprossi.eu/content/crs2024/

A web archive catpure (probaly with visualisation issues) is available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20240104133956/https://aprossi.eu/content/crs2024/
Electron-electron scattering effects on the Full Counting Statistics of Mesoscopic Conductors
Creators: name: Pilgram, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the hot electron regime, electron-electron scattering strongly modifies not only the shot noise but also the full counting statistics. We employ a method based on a stochastic path integral to calculate the counting statistics of two systems in which noise in the hot electron regime has been experimentally measured. We give an analytical expression for the counting statistics of a chaotic cavity and find that heating due to electron-electron scattering renders the distribution of transmitted charge symmetric in the shot noise limit. We also discuss the frequency dispersion of the third order correlation function and present numerical calculations for the statistics of diffusive wires in the hot electron regime.
THE DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS OF PRIVATE SECTOR R&D MANAGEMENT: IN-HOUSE AND AT PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
Creators: name: Parker, Douglas D.
name: Zilberman, David
name: Parker, Douglas D.
name: Zilberman, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Public Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper compares alternative mechanisms for research and development of new or improved inputs. The research alternatives considered include producer control and finance, producer control and government finance, and monopolistic input manufacturer control and finance. This final alternative includes the control and finance of university research by the private sector.
Additional file 1 of Land-use intensification differentially affects bacterial, fungal and protist communities and decreases microbiome network complexity
Creators: name: Romdhane, Sana
name: Spor, Aymé
name: Banerjee, Samiran
name: Breuil, Marie-Christine
name: Bru, David
name: Chabbi, Abad
name: Hallin, Sara
name: van der Heijden, Marcel G. A.
name: Saghai, Aurélien
name: Philippot, Laurent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Total carbon and nitrogen in continuous cropping (CC), temporary grassland (TG) and perennial grassland (PG). Figure S1. Experimental design of the long-term observatory near Lusignan, France. (a) The experiment is set up as a randomized complete block design divided in four blocks comprising (b) a three year crop rotation of maize-wheat-barley (CC), a three-year temporary grassland alternated with the three-year crop rotation (TG) and a permanent grassland (PG). Figure S2. α-diversity of the microbial communities in continuous cropping (CC), temporary grassland (TG) and perennial grassland (PG). (a) Simpson’s reciprocal, (b) Shannon, (c) observed species and (d) Faith’s phylogenetic diversity (PD) indices are shown. Different letters above the boxplots indicate significant differences according to Tukey’s test (p-value
PRICE COMPETITION AND INFORMATIONAL PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION EFFECTIVENESS: THE CASE OF EDIBLE VEGETABLE OILS IN THE U.S.
Creators: name: Othman, Jamal B.
name: McIntosh, Christopher S.
name: Houston, Jack B.
name: Othman, Jamal B.
name: McIntosh, Christopher S.
name: Houston, Jack B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: A time-varying parameter model was used to analyze the effectiveness of a product differentiation strategy. A negative promotional campaign focussed attention on health issues associated with tropical oils in the U.S. Permanent changes in palm oil edible use occurred, while edible use demand for soybean oil remained stable.
CONSISTENT COMPARATIVE STATICS FOR THE FOOD INDUSTRIES
Creators: name: Holloway, Garth J.
name: Holloway, Garth J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: consistent conjectures
subject: food industry conduct
subject: identical firms

description: Consistent conjectures are derived in an oligopoly model with homogeneous products and I identical firms. The exercise uncovers two important findings: Absent entry, the monopolistic conjecture is the unique consistent conjecture. With endogenous entry, no consistent conjecture exists. These results provide foundations for deriving consistent comparative statics for the food industries.
EXPORT SUBSIDIES AND THE GAINS FROM TRADE LIBERALIZATION: THE CASE OF CANADA-U.S. DURUM WHEAT TRADE
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Gray, Richard
name: Sumner, Daniel A.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Gray, Richard
name: Sumner, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade

description: Following the 1989 Canadian-U.S. Free Trade Agreement sales of Canadian wheat to the United States have grown rapidly, resulting in political confrontations and several trade disputes. The economic basis of the conflicts has revolved around the trade effects of other farm policies. The existence of other farm policies modifies the size and distribution of the gains from trade, and makes implementing a free trade agreement difficult, but may still permit increased trade volume and mutual benefits from freer trade. In the case of durum wheat, Canada is likely to gain from increased access to the U.S. market, especially because the U.S. export subsidy program raises U.S. domestic prices and this makes it attractive for Canada to sell into the United States, rather than to third markets. In theory, given its export subsidy policy and internal farm programs, the United States might gain or lose from more imports. An empirical analysis suggests that, given the U.S. policy of subsidizing durum exports to third countries, the United States would be better off as a result of restricting durum wheat imports from Canada in a normal year. However, in a year such as 1993/94, where weather-damaged U.S. durum is a poor substitute for Canadian durum, closing the border would result in U.S. welfare losses overall.
Neutrino masses and mixing angles in a model with six Higgs triplets and $A_4$ symmetry
Creators: name: Hundi, Raghavendra Srikanth
name: Sethi, Itishree
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have considered a model \cite{ma-weg}, where masses and a mixing pattern for neutrinos are governed by six Higgs triplets and $A_4$ symmetry. In this model we have applied a certain diagonalisation procedure through which we have shown that neutrino masses can have both normal or inverted hierarchy. We have also shown that current neutrino oscillation data can be explained in this model.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure; apart form minor changes a new section on phenomenological implications of the model and new references are added, conclusions are unchanged; accepted by PRD
Dating COVID-induced recession in the U.S.
Creators: name: Li, Haixi
name: Sheng, Xuguang
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The COVID-induced recession began in March 2020 for the United States. We identify this turning point by applying a Bayesian sequential quickest detection method to a real-time index of economic activity. Supporting evidence is also found from macroeconomic data releases and stock markets.
CODAR: A Contextual Duration-Aware Qubit Mapping for Various NISQ Devices
Creators: name: Deng, Haowei
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Li, Quanxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computing devices in the NISQ era share common features and challenges like limited connectivity between qubits. Since two-qubit gates are allowed on limited qubit pairs, quantum compilers must transform original quantum programs to fit the hardware constraints. Previous works on qubit mapping assume different gates have the same execution duration, which limits them to explore the parallelism from the program. To address this drawback, we propose a Multi-architecture Adaptive Quantum Abstract Machine (maQAM) and a COntext-sensitive and Duration-Aware Remapping algorithm (CODAR). The CODAR remapper is aware of gate duration difference and program context, enabling it to extract more parallelism from programs and speed up the quantum programs by 1.23 in simulation on average in different architectures and maintain the fidelity of circuits when running on Origin Quantum noisy simulator.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2001.06887
POSTERIOR MOMENTS COMPUTED BY MIXED INTEGRATION
Creators: name: Van Dijk, H. K.
name: Kloek, T.
name: Van Dijk, H. K.
name: Kloek, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: A flexible numerical integration method is proposed for the computation of moments of a multivariate posterior density with different tail properties in different directions. The method (called mixed integration) amounts to a combination of classical numerical integration and Monte Carlo integration. Mixed integration is parsimonious in the sense that the method makes use of the same parameters as the more restrictive multivariate normal importance function.
Dating COVID-induced recession in the U.S.
Creators: name: Li, Haixi
name: Sheng, Xuguang
Publisher: name: Applied Economics Letters
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: The COVID-induced recession began in March 2020 for the United States. We identify this turning point by applying a Bayesian sequential quickest detection method to a real-time index of economic activity. Supporting evidence is also found from macroeconomic data releases and stock markets.
Observed binary populations reflect the Galactic history. Explaining the orbital period-mass ratio relation in wide hot subdwarf binaries
Creators: name: Vos, Joris
name: Bobrick, Alexey
name: Vuckovic, Maja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wide hot subdwarf B (sdB) binaries with main-sequence companions are outcomes of stable mass transfer from evolved red giants. The orbits of these binaries show a strong correlation between their orbital periods and mass ratios. The origins of this correlation have, so far, been lacking a conclusive explanation. We aim to find a binary evolution model which can explain the observed correlation. Radii of evolved red giants, and hence the resulting orbital periods, strongly depend on their metallicity. We have performed a small but statistically significant binary population synthesis study with the binary stellar evolution code MESA. We have used a standard model for binary mass loss and a standard Galactic metallicity history. The resulting sdBs were selected based on the same criteria as used in observations and then compared with the observed population. We have achieved an excellent match to the observed period - mass ratio correlation without explicitly fine-tuning any parameters. Furthermore, our models produce a good match to the observed period - metallicity correlation. We predict several new correlations which link the observed sdB binaries to their progenitors, and a correlation between the period, metallicity and core mass for subdwarfs and young low-mass He white dwarfs. We also predict that sdB binaries have distinct orbital properties depending on whether they formed in the bulge, thin or thick disc, or the halo. We demonstrate, for the first time, how the metallicity history of the Milky Way is imprinted in the properties of the observed post-mass transfer binaries. We show that Galactic chemical evolution is an important factor in binary population studies of interacting systems containing at least one evolved low-mass (Mi < 1.6 Msol) component. Finally, we provide an observationally supported model of mass transfer from low-mass red giants onto main-sequence stars.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, updated references and language editing
Additional file 2 of Land-use intensification differentially affects bacterial, fungal and protist communities and decreases microbiome network complexity
Creators: name: Romdhane, Sana
name: Spor, Aymé
name: Banerjee, Samiran
name: Breuil, Marie-Christine
name: Bru, David
name: Chabbi, Abad
name: Hallin, Sara
name: van der Heijden, Marcel G. A.
name: Saghai, Aurélien
name: Philippot, Laurent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Script 1. R code for differential abundance analysis using DESeq2 package. Script 2. R code of network analysis using a sparse multivariate Poisson log-normal (PLN) model.
On multi-sector and multi-technique models, production functions and Goodwin cycles : A reply to Libman
Creators: name: Blecker, Robert
name: Setterfield, Mark
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Emiliano Libman’s constructive comments on our recent book, Heterodox Macroeconomics: Models of Demand, Distribution and Growth (HM), raise three main points of contention: the suitability of single-sector/single-technique (as opposed to multi-sector/multi-technique) models; the appropriate choice of production function; and the distinction between limit cycles and closed orbits as representations of Goodwinian dynamics. In this reply, we respond to Libman’s critique in a manner that is designed to develop his arguments into a useful addendum to our book. In so doing, we hope that this exchange will engage interested students and other readers in issues and avenues of inquiry that lie beyond some of the first-pass simplifications in HM.
Additional file 2 of How can community engagement in health research be strengthened for infectious disease outbreaks in Sub-Saharan Africa? A scoping review of the literature
Creators: name: Vanderslott, Samantha
name: Van Ryneveld, Manya
name: Marchant, Mark
name: Lees, Shelley
name: Nolna, Sylvie Kwedi
name: Marsh, Vicki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Scoping Review Search terms. Search terms of trial search on Scopus and final search across all included databases
Hybrid Inflation without Flat Directions and without Primordial Black Holes
Creators: name: Dimopoulos, K.
name: Axenides, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility that the Universe may inflate due to moduli fields, corresponding to flat directions of supersymmetry, lifted by supergravity corrections. Using a hybrid-type potential we obtain a two-stage inflationary model. Depending on the curvature of the potential the first stage corresponds to a period of fast-roll inflation or a period of `locked' inflation, induced by an oscillating inflaton. This is followed by a second stage of fast-roll inflation. We demonstrate that these two consecutive inflationary phases result in enough total e-foldings to encompass the cosmological scales. Using natural values for the parameters (masses of order TeV and vacuum energy of the intermediate scale corresponding to gravity mediated supersymmetry breaking) we conclude that the $η$-problem of inflation is easily overcome. The greatest obstacle to our scenario is the possibility of copious production of cosmologically disastrous primordial black holes due to the phase transition switching from the first into the second stage of inflation. We study this problem in detail and show analytically that there is ample parameter space where these black holes do not form at all. To generate structure in the Universe we assume the presence of a curvaton field. Finally we also discuss the moduli problem and how it affects our considerations.
description: 20 pages, LaTeX, 4 figures, added material and references, version submitted to journal
BAYESIAN STOPPING RULES FOR A CLASS OF STOCHASTIC GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION METHODS
Creators: name: Boender, C. G. E.
name: Rinnooy Kan, A. H. G.
name: Boender, C. G. E.
name: Rinnooy Kan, A. H. G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Development

description: By far the most efficient methods for global optimization are based on starting a local optimization routine from uniformly distributed starting points. As the number of local optima is frequently unknown in advance, it is then a crucial problem when to stop the sequence of sampling and searching. By viewing a set of observed local optima as a sample from a multinomial distribution whose cells correspond to the local optima of the objective function, statistical inferences can be made about the number of local optima and the relative size of their regions of attraction. This information is used to construct optimal Bayesian stopping rules for the sequential sample.
Additional file 1 of A collaborative approach to adopting/adapting guidelines. The Australian 24-hour movement guidelines for children (5-12 years) and young people (13-17 years): An integration of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep
Creators: name: Okely, Anthony D.
name: Ghersi, Davina
name: Loughran, Sarah P.
name: Cliff, Dylan P.
name: Shilton, Trevor
name: Jones, Rachel A.
name: Stanley, Rebecca M.
name: Sherring, Julie
name: Toms, Natalie
name: Eckermann, Simon
name: Olds, Timothy S.
name: Zhang, Zhiguang
name: Parrish, Anne-Maree
name: Kervin, Lisa
name: Downie, Sandra
name: Salmon, Jo
name: Bannerman, Clair
name: Needham, Tamie
name: Marshall, Elaine
name: Kaufman, Jordy
name: Brown, Layne
name: Wille, Janecke
name: Wood, Greg
name: Lubans, David R.
name: Biddle, Stuart J. H.
name: Pill, Shane
name: Hargreaves, Anthea
name: Jonas, Natalie
name: Schranz, Natasha
name: Campbell, Perry
name: Ingram, Karen
name: Dean, Hayley
name: Verrender, Adam
name: Ellis, Yvonne
name: Chong, Kar Hau
name: Dumuid, Dorothea
name: Katzmarzyk, Peter T.
name: Draper, Catherine E.
name: Lewthwaite, Hayley
name: Tremblay, Mark S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
On multi-sector and multi-technique models, production functions and Goodwin cycles : A reply to Libman
Creators: name: Blecker, Robert
name: Setterfield, Mark
Publisher: name: European Journal of Economics and Economic Policies: Intervention
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: Emiliano Libman’s constructive comments on our recent book, Heterodox Macroeconomics: Models of Demand, Distribution and Growth (HM), raise three main points of contention: the suitability of single-sector/single-technique (as opposed to multi-sector/multi-technique) models; the appropriate choice of production function; and the distinction between limit cycles and closed orbits as representations of Goodwinian dynamics. In this reply, we respond to Libman’s critique in a manner that is designed to develop his arguments into a useful addendum to our book. In so doing, we hope that this exchange will engage interested students and other readers in issues and avenues of inquiry that lie beyond some of the first-pass simplifications in HM.
Planning for Compilation of a Quantum Algorithm for Graph Coloring
Creators: name: Do, Minh
name: Wang, Zhihui
name: O'Gorman, Bryan
name: Venturelli, Davide
name: Rieffel, Eleanor
name: Frank, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The problem of compiling general quantum algorithms for implementation on near-term quantum processors has been introduced to the AI community. Previous work demonstrated that temporal planning is an attractive approach for part of this compilationtask, specifically, the routing of circuits that implement the Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA) applied to the MaxCut problem on a quantum processor architecture. In this paper, we extend the earlier work to route circuits that implement QAOA for Graph Coloring problems. QAOA for coloring requires execution of more, and more complex, operations on the chip, which makes routing a more challenging problem. We evaluate the approach on state-of-the-art hardware architectures from leading quantum computing companies. Additionally, we apply a planning approach to qubit initialization. Our empirical evaluation shows that temporal planning compares well to reasonable analytic upper bounds, and that solving qubit initialization with a classical planner generally helps temporal planners in finding shorter-makespan compilations for QAOA for Graph Coloring. These advances suggest that temporal planning can be an effective approach for more complex quantum computing algorithms and architectures.
description: 8 pages, 4 tables, 5 figures
On the asymptotic properties of a canonical diffraction integral
Creators: name: Assier, Raphael C.
name: Abrahams, I. David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce and study a new canonical integral, denoted $I_{+-}^{\varepsilon}$, depending on two complex parameters $α_1$ and $α_2$. It arises from the canonical problem of wave diffraction by a quarter-plane, and is heuristically constructed to capture the complex field near the tip and edges. We establish some region of analyticity of this integral in $\mathbb{C}^2$, and derive its rich asymptotic behaviour as $|α_1|$ and $|α_2 |$ tend to infinity. We also study the decay properties of the function obtained from applying a specific double Cauchy integral operator to this integral. These results allow us to show that this integral shares all of the asymptotic properties expected from the key unknown function $G_{+-}$ arising when the quarter-plane diffraction problem is studied via a two-complex-variables Wiener--Hopf technique (see Assier \& Abrahams, arXiv:1905.03863, 2020). As a result, the integral $I_{+ -}^{\varepsilon}$ can be used to mimic the unknown function $G_{+ -}$ and to build an efficient `educated' approximation to the quarter-plane problem.
The β-term for D^* --> D γwithin a heavy-light chiral quark model
Creators: name: Hiorth, A.
name: Eeg, J. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the β-term for D^* --> D gamma within a heavy-light chiral quark model. Within the model, soft gluon effects in terms of the gluon condensate with lowest dimension are included. Also, calculations of 1/m_c corrections are performed. We find that the value of βis rather sensitive to the constituent quark mass compared to other quantities calculated within the same model. Also, to obtain a value close to the experimental value, one has to choose a constituent light quark mass larger than for other quantities studied in previous papers. For a light quark mass in the range 250 to 300 MeV and a quark condensate in the range -(250-270 MeV)^3 we find the value (2.5 +- 0.6) GeV^-1. This value is in agreement with the value of βextracted from experiment 2.7 +- 0.2 GeV^-1.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures