cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 17 of Eggshell and environmental bacteria contribute to the intestinal microbiota of growing chickens
Creators: name: Maki, Joel J.
name: Bobeck, Elizabeth A.
name: Sylte, Matthew J.
name: Looft, Torey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 17: Figure S12. Beta-diversity of mucosal bacterial communities between different microbiota input groups within the (A) jejunum, (B) ileum, and (C) cecum for both T1 and T2 at weeks 1, 3, and 6. Ellipses were generated around points to aid in visualizing group differences assuming a multivariate T-distribution with a 95% confidence interval. Population level PERMANOVA statistics (F.models and q-values) were also assessed between microbiota input groups within the same trial and between trials within the same input group for the (D) jejunum, (E) ileum, and (F) cecum.
Additional file 2 of A new type of flexible CP12 protein in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana
Creators: name: Shao, Hui
name: Wenmin Huang
name: Luisana Avilan
name: Receveur-Bréchot, Véronique
name: Puppo, Carine
name: Puppo, Rémy
name: Lebrun, Régine
name: Gontero, Brigitte
name: Launay, Hélène
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Figure 1. The oligomerisation of CP12 is independent of the His-tag and does not involve disulfide bond. a Normalised SEC profile of recombinant His-tagged CP12 with (red) and without (blue) 1mM TCEP recorded on a Superdex 200 Increase 10 mm x 300 mm. Under reducing condition, His-tagged CP12 was treated with 10 mM TCEP before injection onto the column. b Normalised SEC profile of recombinant CP12 before (blue) and after His-tag removal (red) by thrombin, recorded on an Agilent Bio-SEC-3 300 Å column. Supplementary Table 1: Percentage of α-helices, strand, turn and other type of secondary structures of CP12 (included unstructured) derived from the CD profiles using different deconvolution methods: Bestsel, Dichroweb using the CDSSTR, SELCON3 and CONTIN methods and the reference set 7.
Additional file 1 of FOXD1 regulates cell division in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Bond, Kyle H.
name: Fetting, Jennifer L.
name: Lary, Christine W.
name: Emery, Ivette F.
name: Oxburgh, Leif
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Table S1: Summary of patient clinical data used for FOXD1 immunohistochemistry analysis. Table S2: Primers used for FOXD1 genotyping and off-target analysis. * Blue indicates primers used for sequencing mismatch region. ** Red bases indicate mismatches from FOXD1. Table S3: Primers for reference genes, FOXD1 targets, and mitochondrial metabolism components. Table S4: Nuclear morphology analysis of 786-O and 786-OFOXD1null. *Immunocytochemistry analysis of cells in different phases of the cell cycle after low density plating, based on nuclear and actin morphologies and localization. Percentage values are based on analysis of 100 cells per group across several fields. **Defects panel indicates collection of possible mitotic defects including lack of chromosome condensation (prophase), loss of spindle polarity (metaphase/anaphase), incomplete sister chromosome separation (cytokinesis), and death of daughter cell (post-mitosis G1). Figure S1: FOXD1 grade and stage analyses. (A) FOXD1 expression level comparisons at different ccRCC tumor grades based on transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (B) FOXD1 expression level comparisons at different ccRCC tumor stages based on transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. (C-D) Kaplan-Meier survival analyses for ccRCC patients with high versus low tumor expression of FOXD1, analyzed based of tumor stage. *p
The involvement of CER5 in wax secretion of arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Pighin, Jamie Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Plant waxes are found on the surface of plants as a protective layer against many environmental stresses. In Arabidopsis thaliana, they are formed from very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA) precursors that are synthesized in the cytoplasm of epidermal cells. Many eceriferum (cer) mutants of Arabidopsis have been identified that have stems with reduced epicuticular wax. The Cer5 mutant is most interesting because of its unusual cellular phenotype. In the epidermal cells, it contains cytoplasmic extensions into the vacuole with "trilamellar inclusions" within this cytoplasm. Similar sheets are associated with the human neurodegenerative disorder, adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD). In ALD patients, these trilamellar inclusions occur due to a disrupted ABC transporter involved in VLCFA transport through the membrane of peroxisomes. The approximate location of the CER5 gene on chromosome 1 was identified through positional mapping. Two ABC transporter genes were found within this region. Salk T-DNA insertional mutants were obtained with lesions in each of these ABC transporters and one mutant line exhibited a glossy phenotype. A complementation test confirmed that the T-DNA insertion and the cer5 mutation were at the same locus. Molecular complementation of the original Cer5 mutant was done to confirm that the correct gene had been cloned. Gas chromatography was used to quantify the wax load on the surface of Arabidopsis stems in both mutant and transformed lines. To determine the nature of the "trilamellar inclusions", gas chromatography was used to differentiate between the wax content within the epidermal cells, and wax on the exterior of the epidermis. The total wax content inside the epidermal cells of the mutant was similar to wildtype, while the wax on the exterior of the mutant was reduced compared to wild-type. This is consistent with a defect in a transporter, which leads to wax buildup inside the epidermal cells. Staining of mutant epidermal peels using Nile Red, a lipid stain, showed that Cer5 cells fluoresced more brightly than the wild-type cells, confirming the lipidic nature of the inclusions. My results identify the first known function of an ABC transporter in wax export in plants.
Insensitivity of the elastic proton-nucleus reaction to the neutron radius of 208Pb
Creators: name: Piekarewicz, J.
name: Weppner, S. P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sensitivity--or rather insensitivity--of the elastic proton-nucleus reaction to the neutron radius of 208Pb is investigated using a non-relativistic impulse-approximation approach. The energy region (Tlab=500 MeV and Tlab=800 MeV) is selected so that the impulse approximation may be safely assumed. Therefore, only free nucleon-nucleon scattering data are used as input for the optical potential. Further, the optical potential includes proton and neutron ground-state densities that are generated from accurately-calibrated models. Even so, these models yield a wide range of values (from 0.13 fm to 0.28 fm) for the poorly known neutron skin thickness in 208Pb. An excellent description of the experimental cross section is obtained with all neutron densities. We have invoked analytic insights developed within the eikonal approximation to understand the insensitivity of the differential cross section to the various neutron densities. As the diffractive oscillations of the cross sections are controlled by the matter radius of the nucleus, the large spread in the neutron skin among the various models gets diluted into a mere 1.5% difference in the matter radius. This renders ineffective the elastic reaction as a precision tool for the measurement of neutron radii.
description: 17 pages with 5 figures
Additional file 4 of Prospective study of emergency medicine provider wellness across ten academic and community hospitals during the initial surge of the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Kelker, Heather
name: Yoder, Kyle
name: Musey, Paul
name: Harris, Madison
name: Johnson, Olivia
name: Sarmiento, Elisa
name: Vyas, Punit
name: Henderson, Brooke
name: Adams, Zachary
name: Welch, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Supplement Table 3. “Emergency Medicine Provider Wellness Survey Responses – Identified Needs.” The table provides data from the COVID specific branching questions that identify further wellness needs of the respondents.
Efficiency and Distribution in Contract Farming: The Case of Indian Poultry Growers
Creators: name: Ramaswami, Bharat
name: Birthal, Pratap Singh
name: Joshi, P.K.
name: Ramaswami, Bharat
name: Birthal, Pratap Singh
name: Joshi, P.K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Contract Farming
subject: Contracting
subject: Poultry
subject: Vertical Integration

description: This paper is an empirical analysis of the gains from contract farming in the case of poultry production in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. The paper finds that contract production is more efficient than noncontract production. The efficiency surplus is largely appropriated by the processor. Despite this, contract growers still gain appreciably from contracting in terms of lower risk and higher expected returns. Improved technology and production practices as well as the way in which the processor selects growers are what make these outcomes possible. In terms of observed and unobserved characteristics, contract growers have relatively poor prospects as independent growers. With contract production, these growers achieve incomes comparable to that of independent growers.
Bounding the number of arithmetical structures on graphs
Creators: name: Keyes, Christopher
name: Reiter, Tomer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G$ be a connected undirected graph on $n$ vertices with no loops but possibly multiedges. Given an arithmetical structure $(\textbf{r}, \textbf{d})$ on $G$, we describe a construction which associates to it a graph $G'$ on $n-1$ vertices and an arithmetical structure $(\textbf{r}', \textbf{d}')$ on $G'$. By iterating this construction, we derive an upper bound for the number of arithmetical structures on $G$ depending only on the number of vertices and edges of $G$. In the specific case of complete graphs, possibly with multiple edges, we refine and compare our upper bounds to those arising from counting unit fraction representations.
description: 11 pages
Additional file 3 of Prospective study of emergency medicine provider wellness across ten academic and community hospitals during the initial surge of the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Kelker, Heather
name: Yoder, Kyle
name: Musey, Paul
name: Harris, Madison
name: Johnson, Olivia
name: Sarmiento, Elisa
name: Vyas, Punit
name: Henderson, Brooke
name: Adams, Zachary
name: Welch, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Supplement Table 2. “Nonrespondent Characteristics.” The non-respondent group has similar occupational characteristics as the participant group.
Additional file 2 of Prospective study of emergency medicine provider wellness across ten academic and community hospitals during the initial surge of the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Kelker, Heather
name: Yoder, Kyle
name: Musey, Paul
name: Harris, Madison
name: Johnson, Olivia
name: Sarmiento, Elisa
name: Vyas, Punit
name: Henderson, Brooke
name: Adams, Zachary
name: Welch, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplement Table 1. “Timeline of Selected Events and Wellness Initiatives for EM Providers During the Study Period.” Weekly wellness survey data were analyzed and reported to departmental and institutional leadership who designed and implemented interventions to address identified provider needs. The table provides a timeline of selected events and wellness initiatives for EM providers across the study sites during the study period.
Food policy liberalization in Bangladesh: How the Markets and the Government Delivered?
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Nuimuddin
name: Farid, Naser
name: Roy, Devesh
name: Chowdhury, Nuimuddin
name: Farid, Naser
name: Roy, Devesh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Food policy
subject: Liberalization
subject: Government policy
subject: Markets
subject: Food security

description: Three factors, advent of new technology (HYV), development of infrastructure and market liberalization working in tandem have delivered favorable food security outcomes for Bangladesh. Bangladesh’s food-policy has benefited from a liberalized trade regime and a consistent downsizing of the government, all with favorable effects on poverty and nutrition. Post liberalization, the findings suggest a perceptible increase in the cost-effectiveness of the public food grain distribution system (PFDS). The favorable effects of liberalization are also evident in growths in outputs, market size, the size of private stocks, the emergence of a two peak harvest seasonality, and finally in declining real rice prices. The government has moreover downsized the PFDS, making poverty-reduction a priority basis for grain allocation. While imports relative to total availability have remained virtually unchanged during the last 25 years, public issue relative to the availability has fallen by about a half. Average food grain consumption has fallen slightly during the 1990s but in face of rising incomes, this could partly be driven by diversifying tastes. Comparing the efficiency of the private and the public sector, the private marketing margin is slightly higher. In spite of the significant advantage(s) enjoyed by the public sector, the margin being thin is significant. In order to account for the expected global changes under the Doha round, simulations using competitive spatial-equilibrium models for the world’s rice and wheat markets forecast increase in prices for rice and wheat by 21.7% and 10.1% respectively by 2013. USDA global CGE models (2001) show figures of increase in wheat prices by 18.1%, and rice prices by 10.1%. These estimates are used in a multi-market model for Bangladesh as estimates for global price shocks. Sensitivity analysis shows that over a range of values involving both an upper and a lower limit, small declines will occur in real incomes and caloric levels of both urban poor and rural landless households, while large farms will experience a small gain in their real incomes. Based on values corresponding to the lower limit, overall effects on food security are however quite small.
Hopf algebras, from basics to applications to renormalization
Creators: name: Manchon, Dominique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 16W30; 81R50

description: An extended version of a series of lectures given at Bogota in december 2002. It consists in a presentation of some aspects of Connes' and Kreimer's work on renormalization in the context of general connected Hopf algebras, in particular Birkhoff decomposition and, in the graded case, the scattering-type formula.
description: Minor corrections, BCH approach precised in subsection II.6, references added. plain TeX, 6 eps figures, some xypic diagrams
title: An Upper Bound of the Bias of Nadaraya-Watson Kernel Regression under Lipschitz Assumptions
Creators: name: Tosatto, Samuele
name: Akrour, Riad
name: Peters, Jan
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description: The Nadaraya-Watson kernel estimator is among the most popular nonparameteric regression technique thanks to its simplicity. Its asymptotic bias has been studied by Rosenblatt in 1969 and has been reported in several related literature. However, given its asymptotic nature, it gives no access to a hard bound. The increasing popularity of predictive tools for automated decision-making surges the need for hard (non-probabilistic) guarantees. To alleviate this issue, we propose an upper bound of the bias which holds for finite bandwidths using Lipschitz assumptions and mitigating some of the prerequisites of Rosenblatt’s analysis. Our bound has potential applications in fields like surgical robots or self-driving cars, where some hard guarantees on the prediction-error are needed.
Additional file 15 of Eggshell and environmental bacteria contribute to the intestinal microbiota of growing chickens
Creators: name: Maki, Joel J.
name: Bobeck, Elizabeth A.
name: Sylte, Matthew J.
name: Looft, Torey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 15: Figure S10. Changes in mucosal microbiota alpha-diversity (Shannon index) for different microbiota input groups throughout the 6-week trial period for both T1 and T2. Comparisons between Shannon indices between microbiota input groups, weeks, and trials were made using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by subsequent pairwise comparisons with the Tukey’s “Honest Significant Difference” method. Significance bars with an asterisk (*) indicate difference between microbiota input groups and/or time points (P
What Can the Poor Expect From Trade Liberalization? Opening the "Black Box" of Trade Modeling
Creators: name: Bouet, Antoine
name: Bouet, Antoine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trade modeling
subject: Poverty alleviation
subject: General equilibrium model
subject: Assessment

description: Trade liberalization is expected to act positively on development and poverty alleviation, both of which have become a high priority of international community. This explains why numerous studies have focused on assessing the expected benefits of trade liberalization on poverty. The main empirical tool for these assessments has been the use of multi-country Computable General Equilibrium Models (CGEM). These models, however, have produced divergent results. As demonstrated by recent studies, the associated increase in world welfare from full trade liberalization ranges from 0.2% to 3.1% — results that differ by a factor of 15 to 1! The impact on poverty headcount is also very divergent as the number of people lifted out from poverty ranges from 72 million to 446 million —a ratio of 5.5 to 1! This is a rather contrasting picture of the effects of trade liberalization on poverty. It gives the impression that with global trade modeling, divergent results are the rule. Moreover, as a sophisticated and complex tool of analysis, CGEM often appears as a “Black Box”, the results of which are difficult to understand. The objective of this study is to examine the efficiency of trade modeling in capturing the benefits from trade liberalization. It will provide a survey of methodologies utilized to assess the impact of trade liberalization on poverty and will examine the extent to which such assessments diverge. The survey also demonstrates the benefits of “complementary analysis”, which utilizes different methodologies to study a specific topic. First, the paper examines the advantages and drawbacks of each method, with a particular focus on multi-country general equilibrium models. Second, the paper undertakes a global modeling under general equilibrium — MIRAGE model— the results of which are compared to those obtained in recent studies.
All-Optically Controlled Memristor
Creators: name: Hu, Lingxiang
name: Yang, Jing
name: Wang, Jingrui
name: Cheng, Peihong
name: Chua, Leon O.
name: Zhuge, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Memristors have emerged as key candidates for beyond-von-Neumann neuromorphic or in-memory computing owing to the feasibility of their ultrahigh-density three-dimensional integration and their ultralow energy consumption. A memristor is generally a two-terminal electronic element with conductance that varies nonlinearly with external electric stimuli and can be remembered when the electric power is turned off. As an alternative, light can be used to tune the memconductance and endow a memristor with a combination of the advantages of both photonics and electronics. Both increases and decreases in optically induced memconductance have been realized in different memristors; however, the reversible tuning of memconductance with light in the same device remains a considerable challenge that severely restricts the development of optoelectronic memristors. Here we describe an all-optically controlled (AOC) analog memristor with memconductance that is reversibly tunable over a continuous range by varying only the wavelength of the controlling light. Our memristor is based on the relatively mature semiconductor material InGaZnO (IGZO) and a memconductance tuning mechanism of light-induced electron trapping and detrapping. We demonstrate that spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) learning can be realized in our device, indicating its potential applications in AOC spiking neural networks (SNNs) for highly efficient optoelectronic neuromorphic computing.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures
Policy distortions in the segmented rice market
Creators: name: Rakotoarisoa, Manitra A.
name: Rakotoarisoa, Manitra A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Exports
subject: Subsidies
subject: Rice trade
subject: Rice markets
subject: Tariffs
subject: Imports

description: High production and export subsidies in developed countries and high protection in both developed and developing countries have distorted rice trade. This study estimates the impact of rice policy distortions on developing countries’ rice production and trade potential. Because rice markets are highly segmented, major rice types are differentiated to estimate the impact of current and likely policy reforms. Analysis in long-grain, high-quality rice focuses on rice import and export markets in Latin America and shows that reduction of direct and implicit export subsidies in the US will benefit regional suppliers such as Argentina and Uruguay. Analysis of Indonesia’s import market of ordinary long-grain rice, where protection is high, reveals that tariff hikes in this large importing country are in part a response to increased support from the exporting side. Level of domestic stocks also determines tariff movements. In the short/medium grain rice market, this study focuses on the highly supported and protected rice market in Japan and find that only aggressive rates of increase in import tariff-rate quota and reduction in production subsidies would have significant impact on import volume and price. Prices and trade would also be affected by a reduction of the high over-quota tariff.
Additional file 1 of Prospective study of emergency medicine provider wellness across ten academic and community hospitals during the initial surge of the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Kelker, Heather
name: Yoder, Kyle
name: Musey, Paul
name: Harris, Madison
name: Johnson, Olivia
name: Sarmiento, Elisa
name: Vyas, Punit
name: Henderson, Brooke
name: Adams, Zachary
name: Welch, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplement File 1. “COVID Wellness Survey.” The 47-item survey instrument is a combination of customized COVID-19 specific wellness questions and three validated tools for assessing wellness (Well-Being Index), burnout (Physician Work Life Study item), and resilience (Brief Resilience Scale). The survey is comprised of multiple choice, scaled rating, and yes-no questions with branching logic to minimize respondent burden.
Additional file 1 of How and who manage hemodialysis inpatients at national university hospitals in Japan? Based on questionnaire survey
Creators: name: Nakata, Takeshi
name: Shibata, Hirotaka
name: Kamijo, Yuji
name: Konta, Tsuneo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary table 1. The questionnaire: questions and answers.
Additional file 1 of Exploring the barriers and facilitators of psychological safety in primary care teams: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Remtulla, Ridhaa
name: Hagana, Arwa
name: Houbby, Nour
name: Ruparell, Kajal
name: Nivaran Aojula
name: Anannya Menon
name: Santhosh G. Thavarajasingam
name: Meyer, Edgar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file A- Interview Schedule.
Spectrum formation in X-ray pulsars at very low mass accretion rate: Monte-Carlo approach
Creators: name: Mushtukov, Alexander A.
name: Suleimanov, Valery F.
name: Tsygankov, Sergey S.
name: Zwart, Simon Portegies
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently discovered that the transition of X-ray pulsars to the low luminosity state ($L\lesssim10^{35}\,{\rm erg\,s^{-1}}$) is accompanied by a dramatic spectral change. Namely, the typical power-law-like spectrum with high energy cutoff transforms into a two-component structure with a possible cyclotron absorption feature on top of it. It was proposed that these spectral characteristics can be explained qualitatively by the emission of cyclotron photons in the atmosphere of the neutron star caused by collisional excitation of electrons to upper Landau levels and further comptonization of the photons by electron gas. The latter is expected to be overheated in a thin top layer of the atmosphere. In this paper, we perform Monte Carlo simulations of the radiative transfer in the atmosphere of an accreting neutron star while accounting for a resonant scattering of polarized X-ray photons by thermally distributed electrons. The spectral shape is shown to be strongly polarization-dependent in soft X-rays ($\lesssim 10\,{\rm keV}$) and near the cyclotron scattering feature. The results of our numerical simulations are tested against the observational data of X-ray pulsar A 0535+262 in the low luminosity state. We show that the spectral shape of the pulsar can be reproduced by the proposed theoretical model. The applications of the discovery to the observational studies of accreting neutron stars are discussed.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Philippine Rice and Rural Poverty: An Impact Analysis of Market Reform Using CGE
Creators: name: Cororaton, Caesar B.
name: Cororaton, Caesar B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Rice
subject: Impact analysis
subject: Agriculture
subject: Poverty
subject: Computable general equilibrium CGE
subject: Trade reform
subject: Doha agreement
subject: Free trade
subject: Rural households
subject: Urban households
subject: Consumer prices
subject: Philippines

description: This paper looks at how Philippine trade reform which consists of tariff reduction and elimination of quantitative restrictions (QR) on rice imports will affect poverty within two world trade scenarios: Doha and free world trade. The impact of Doha is very small and generates biased effects against agriculture. The impact of Philippine trade reform within the Doha agenda magnifies this biased effect, making rural households worse-off compared to urban households. However, eliminating rice QR generates a set of effects where consumer price reduction dominates nominal income decline. Thus, real income improves and poverty declines across household groups, but the net effects are lower in rural than in urban households. The impact of a free world trade economy is favorable in terms of higher export prices and export demand for agriculture and agriculture-related manufacturing industries. This mitigates the biased effects against agriculture, and is therefore favorable to rural households. However, if Philippine trade reform is added to the analysis, the result switches back to the previous biased effects on agriculture and on rural households.
The Power of Triply Complementary Priors for Image Compressive Sensing
Creators: name: Zha, Zhiyuan
name: Yuan, Xin
name: Zhou, Joey Tianyi
name: Zhou, Jiantao
name: Wen, Bihan
name: Zhu, Ce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent works that utilized deep models have achieved superior results in various image restoration applications. Such approach is typically supervised which requires a corpus of training images with distribution similar to the images to be recovered. On the other hand, the shallow methods which are usually unsupervised remain promising performance in many inverse problems, \eg, image compressive sensing (CS), as they can effectively leverage non-local self-similarity priors of natural images. However, most of such methods are patch-based leading to the restored images with various ringing artifacts due to naive patch aggregation. Using either approach alone usually limits performance and generalizability in image restoration tasks. In this paper, we propose a joint low-rank and deep (LRD) image model, which contains a pair of triply complementary priors, namely \textit{external} and \textit{internal}, \textit{deep} and \textit{shallow}, and \textit{local} and \textit{non-local} priors. We then propose a novel hybrid plug-and-play (H-PnP) framework based on the LRD model for image CS. To make the optimization tractable, a simple yet effective algorithm is proposed to solve the proposed H-PnP based image CS problem. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed H-PnP algorithm significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques for image CS recovery such as SCSNet and WNNM.
Additional file 1 of Short-term effect of electroacupuncture on rehabilitation after arthroscopic triangular fibrocartilage complex repair: a randomised study
Creators: name: Chiu-Ming Chang
name: Cheng-En Hsu
name: Lee, Yu-Chen
name: Yeh, Chen-Wei
name: Yung-Cheng Chiu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. CONSORT Checklist.
Spin-orbit and tensor interactions in homogeneous matter of nucleons: accuracy of modern many-body theories
Creators: name: Bombaci, I.
name: Fabrocini, A.
name: Polls, A.
name: Vidana, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the energy per particle of symmetric nuclear matter and pure neutron matter using realistic nucleon--nucleon potentials having non central tensor and spin--orbit components, up to three times the empirical nuclear matter saturation density, $ρ_0=0.16$ fm$^{-3}$. The calculations are carried out within the frameworks of the Brueckner--Bethe--Goldstone (BBG) and Correlated Basis Functions (CBF) formalisms, in order to ascertain the accuracy of the methods. The two hole--line approximation, with the continuous choice for the single particle auxiliary potential, is adopted for the BBG approach, whereas the variational Fermi Hypernetted Chain/Single Operator Chain theory, corrected at the second order perturbative expansion level, is used in the CBF one. The energies are then compared with the available Quantum and Variational Monte Carlo results in neutron matter and with the BBG, up to the three hole--line diagrams. For neutron matter and potentials without spin--orbit components all methods, but perturbative CBF, are in reasonable agreement up to $ρ\sim$ 3 $ρ_0$. After the inclusion of the LS interactions, we still find agreement around $ρ_0$, whereas it is spoiled at larger densities. The spin--orbit potential lowers the energy of neutron matter at $ρ_0$ by $\sim$ 3--4 MeV per nucleon. In symmetric nuclear matter, the BBG and the variational results are in agreement up to $\sim$ 1.5 $ρ_0$. Beyond this density, and in contrast with neutron matter, we find good agreement only for the potential having spin--orbit components.
description: 18 pages, 4 tables. Accepted in PLB
Temperature dependence of the energy of a vortex in a two-dimensional Bose gas
Creators: name: Rajagopal, K. K.
name: Tanatar, B.
name: Vignolo, P.
name: Tosi, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the thermodynamic critical angular velocity Omega_c(T) for creation of a vortex of lowest quantized angular momentum in a strictly two-dimensional Bose gas at temperature T, using a mean-field two-fluid model for the condensate and the thermal cloud. Our results show that (i) a Thomas-Fermi description of the condensate badly fails in predicting the particle density profiles and the energy of the vortex as functions of T; and (ii) an extrapolation of a simple Thomas-Fermi formula for Omega_c(0) is nevertheless approximately useful up to T = 0.5 T_c.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Seeking a Common Path: Structuring Multistakeholder Dialogue on Agricultural Biotechnology in Africa
Creators: name: Von Grebmer, Klaus
name: Omamo, Steven Were
name: Von Grebmer, Klaus
name: Omamo, Steven Were
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: biotechnology
subject: consensus-building
subject: conflict resolution
subject: Africa
subject: food security
subject: Genetically modified food
subject: Biosafety
subject: Capacity building

description: This paper analyzes an ongoing effort by national, regional, and international partners to raise awareness, promote dialogue, and catalyze consensus-building mechanisms among stakeholder groups on the role of biotechnology in agricultural development and food security in southern Africa. Stakeholders include public bodies, the private sector, and civil society. The paper argues that while responsible adoption of agricultural biotechnology promises significant gains to the countries of southern Africa, governments must clarify its specific role, improve policies for its application, and assess the place of biotechnology in broader development strategies. The issues that surround the introduction, creation, and application of agricultural biotechnology in southern Africa are complex, and the passions behind them are strong. The best chance of building consensus lies in bringing different views to the table for deliberation and information sharing, thus starting a process of collaborative planning, implementation, and evaluation of various activities. Deepening the dialogue and involving more parties has many challenges. Strong conflicts among members are to be expected, and there is a risk of dissolution of the dialogue process as a result of these conflicts and other factors such as lack of interest and shortage of resources. If stakeholders focus on the process, these obstacles can be overcome. Building trust and commitment among the members, maintaining communication, exchanging knowledge, and being open to revision of old views will help the dialogue continue and will ultimately make it more productive.
Additional file 13 of Eggshell and environmental bacteria contribute to the intestinal microbiota of growing chickens
Creators: name: Maki, Joel J.
name: Bobeck, Elizabeth A.
name: Sylte, Matthew J.
name: Looft, Torey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13: Figure S8. List of jejunum-associated bacterial ASVs shared between bacterial input groups and trials. ASVs are listed with a number followed by the associated family and genus classifications and a number if there are multiple, unique ASVs with the same family and genus classifications. Bolded numbers are > 1.0% relative abundance. Core shared ASVs in the upper table are those present at > 1.0% relative abundance in a least one of the microbial input groups in both trials. ASVs present at > 1.0% relative abundance in a least one of the microbial input groups in only one trial are found in the lower potion of the table. Venn diagrams at the bottom of the figure show the sharing of ASVs between microbial input groups with > 10 reads within a trial.
The Private Sector in Agricultural R&D: Policies and Institutions to Foster its Growth in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Naseem, Anwar
name: Omamo, Steven Were
name: Spielman, David J.
name: Naseem, Anwar
name: Omamo, Steven Were
name: Spielman, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Agricultural research and development
subject: Private sector
subject: Agricultural productivity
subject: Research and development
subject: Poverty reduction
subject: Investments
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Food policy
subject: Agricultural research

description: New technologies are critical to enhancing agricultural productivity and reducing poverty in many developing countries. While public-sector investment in research has historically driven technological change in agriculture, recent trends suggest that the public sector’s role may not be as significant in the future. There is much optimism about the private sector’s capacity to deliver new technologies, even though current levels of private investment in research in developing countries remain low. This paper examines the determinants of private investment in agricultural research and development in developing countries, the market and institutional constraints that limit private investment growth, and the incentive mechanisms that can strengthen private investment responses in agricultural R&D—from both the demand and supply sides—particularly in relation to pro-poor growth.
Additional file 14 of Eggshell and environmental bacteria contribute to the intestinal microbiota of growing chickens
Creators: name: Maki, Joel J.
name: Bobeck, Elizabeth A.
name: Sylte, Matthew J.
name: Looft, Torey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 14: Figure S9. List of all bacterial ASVs shared between bacterial input groups and trials. ASVs are listed with a number followed by the associated family and genus classifications and a number if there are multiple, unique ASVs with the same family and genus classifications. Bolded numbers are > 1.0% relative abundance. Core shared ASVs in the upper table are the core ASVs shared between both trials present at > 1.0% relative abundance in a least one of the microbial input groups in both trials and present at > 10 reads in all the microbial input groups in both trials. ASVs present at > 1.0% relative abundance in a least one of the microbial input groups and present at > 10 reads in all the microbial input groups within only one trial are found in the lower potion of the table. Venn diagrams at the bottom of the figure show the sharing of ASVs between microbial input groups with > 10 reads within a trial.
Analysis for biotechnology innovations using Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)
Creators: name: Lanacre, Nicholas A.
name: Gaskell, Joanne
name: Rosegrant, Mark W.
name: Falck-Zepeda, Jose Benjamin
name: Quemada, Hector
name: Halsey, Mark
name: Birner, Regina
name: Lanacre, Nicholas A.
name: Gaskell, Joanne
name: Rosegrant, Mark W.
name: Falck-Zepeda, Jose Benjamin
name: Quemada, Hector
name: Halsey, Mark
name: Birner, Regina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: risk
subject: Strategic Environmental Assessment
subject: Genetically Modified
subject: GMO
subject: LMO
subject: Living Modified Organisms
subject: biotechnology
subject: Environmental risk

description: Meeting the food needs of the world’s growing population while reducing poverty and protecting the environment is a major global challenge. Genetically modified crops appear to provide a promising option to deal with this challenge. However there is a need to make strategic decisions on how to spend limited agricultural research funds in order to achieve a maximum impact with regard to finding sustainable solutions to end hunger and poverty. In international development institutions, there is growing interest in the potential use of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) as part of a research based Environmental Management System (EMS) to promote mainstreaming of environmental considerations in policy development. SEA was developed as an approach to integrate environmental considerations at a policy level, where alternatives environmental policies can be evaluated. In this paper, we propose using SEA in a policy research and priority setting process regarding new technologies, taking the development of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) as an example. We propose that this method would be a useful tool for the international agricultural research centers of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), streamlining business processes, strengthening accountability, sharpening the research agenda it supports, fostering broader partnerships, and increasing the relevance and impact of CGIAR research in achieving international development goals. Currently international law requires only Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) of specific biotechnology projects. The incorporation of environmental considerations only at the level of specific projects precludes the adoption of alternative environmental policies. In this review, we outline an SEA approach currently being considered at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) for use in evaluating biotechnology policies. SEA may be a useful tool to inform the evaluation of biotechnology policies and priorities by taking account of information on the economic, social, and environmental benefits, cost and risks of adopting those policies.
The Origin of a Peculiar Extra U(1)
Creators: name: Barr, S. M.
name: Dorsner, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of a family-independent "extra U(1)", discovered by Barr, Bednarz, and Benesh and independently by Ma, and whose phenomenology has recently been studied by Ma and Roy, is discussed. Even though it satisfies anomaly constraints in a highly economical way, with just a single extra triplet of leptons per family, this extra U(1) cannot come from four-dimensional grand unification. However, it is shown here that it can come from a Pati-Salam scheme with an extra U(1), which explains the otherwise surprising cancellation of anomalies.
description: 9 pages, RevTeX4; changed content, added references
Water Pricing and Valuation in Indonesia: Case Study of the Brantas River Basin
Creators: name: Rodgers, Charles
name: Hellegers, Petra J.G.J.
name: Rodgers, Charles
name: Hellegers, Petra J.G.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: institutions
subject: water pricing
subject: cost recovery
subject: value of water
subject: Irrigation--Economic aspects
subject: prices
subject: water--pricing

description: The increasing demand for water and limited degree of cost recovery for irrigation water delivery are important challenges for policymakers in Indonesia. To meet the increasing demand for water, it is important to reduce water use in irrigated paddy cultivation, long the dominant consumptive user, and to divert water away from agriculture to domestic and industrial sectors. Reducing water use in irrigated agriculture can be achieved through various means, including rationing, improved user management, and water markets. The appropriate method depends on the situation specific to each basin. In the Brantas Basin in East Java, rationing is already practiced, but often leaves the non-licensed, (non-paying) irrigators with insufficient supplies. Moreover, very low irrigation service fee recovery rates hamper ongoing water sector reforms, which seek to strengthen the capacity of local institutions to co-manage water resources. In the Brantas Basin the average value of water in the production of important irrigated crops substantially exceeds estimated water supply costs and current ISF. However, increased water use fees would impose a substantial burden on farm economic welfare, while water savings would be relatively modest. Therefore, to conserve water and enhance the financial autonomy of irrigators alternative management systems are proposed, including ‘Integrated Crop and Resource Management’ and a water brokerage mechanism.
Succession Decisions in U.S. Family Farm Businesses
Creators: name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: El-Osta, Hisham S.
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: El-Osta, Hisham S.
name: Shaik, Saleem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: education
subject: endogeneity
subject: farm household wealth
subject: farm transfer
subject: household income
subject: intergenerational succession
subject: life cycle
subject: logit model
subject: off-farm work

description: Farm transfer or succession by the “next generation” holds a place of central importance in the determination of industry structure and total number of farmers and has profound implications for farm families. The family farm sector relies heavily on intergenerational succession. Succession and retirement are linked and reflective of the life cycles of the farm household and the farm business. A large farm-level data set and a logistic regression model were used to examine the determinants of farm succession decisions in the United States, with special emphasis given to the treatment of endogenous wealth and farm size variables. Results point to the importance of farmer’s age, educational attainment of farm operators, off-farm work by the operator or operator and spouse, expected household wealth, and farm business location on the decision to have succession plans.