cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spatial Navigation in Arnhem Land - A Novel Approach to Contextualize Geospatial and Language Data. NZGRC 2022.
Creators: name: Cialone, Claudia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 90903 Geospatial Information Systems
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: This chapter is part of a wider research project focussed on how Bininj Kunwok people from Western Arnhem, in the top end of Australia, conceptualize their land, the strategies they adopt to orientate and navigate through it, and how they verbalize all this. This chapter focuses on the design and application of a novel field methodology to record spatially contextualized language in relation to navigation largely absent in previous empirical methodological approaches related to geospatial and language studies. The most innovative aspect of the method is the synchronization of GoPro cameras and GPS tracks during people’s walks and the creation of small-scale navigation stimuli to enhance further elicitation of navigation-related language. The use of this novel methodology in addition to paving the way for more research aimed at collecting geospatial and linguistic navigation data on the go, has allowed to confirm and expand on previous ethnographical evidence related to Bininj Kunwok use of orientation systems and led to the discovery of their navigation strategies.
Hamiltonian effective field theory study of the $\mathbf{N^*(1535)}$ resonance in lattice QCD
Creators: name: Liu, Zhan-Wei
name: Kamleh, Waseem
name: Leinweber, Derek B.
name: Stokes, Finn M.
name: Thomas, Anthony W.
name: Wu, Jia-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Drawing on experimental data for baryon resonances, Hamiltonian effective field theory (HEFT) is used to predict the positions of the finite-volume energy levels to be observed in lattice QCD simulations of the lowest-lying $J^P=1/2^-$ nucleon excitation. In the initial analysis, the phenomenological parameters of the Hamiltonian model are constrained by experiment and the finite-volume eigenstate energies are a prediction of the model. The agreement between HEFT predictions and lattice QCD results obtained on volumes with spatial lengths of 2 and 3 fm is excellent. These lattice results also admit a more conventional analysis where the low-energy coefficients are constrained by lattice QCD results, enabling a determination of resonance properties from lattice QCD itself. Finally, the role and importance of various components of the Hamiltonian model are examined.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; version published in Phys. Rev. Lett
Die Stellung der Konfessionen zur Inspiration und Irrtumslosigkeit der Bibel
Creators: name: Jung, Friedhelm
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1646930851
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 23 (2009): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 23
Two-point correlation function studies for the Milky Way: discovery of spatial clustering from disk excitations and substructure
Creators: name: Hinkel, Austin
name: Gardner, Susan
name: Yanny, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a two-particle correlation function (2PCF) for the Milky Way, constructed to probe spatial correlations in the orthogonal directions of the stellar disk in the Galactic cylindrical coordinates of $R$, $ϕ$, and $z$. We use this new tool to probe the structure and dynamics of the Galaxy using the carefully selected set of solar neighborhood stars ($d \lesssim 3\, \rm kpc$) from Gaia Data Release 2 we previously employed for studies of axial symmetry breaking in stellar number counts. We make additional, extensive tests, comparing to reference numerical simulations, to ensure our control over possibly confounding systematic effects. Supposing either axial or North-South symmetry we divide this data set into two nominally symmetric sectors and construct the 2PCF, in the manner of the Landy-Szalay estimator, from the Gaia data. In so doing, working well away from the mid-plane region in which the spiral arms appear, we have discovered distinct symmetry-breaking patterns in the 2PCF in its orthogonal directions, thus establishing the existence of correlations in stellar number counts at sub-kiloparsec length scales for the very first time. Particularly, we observe extensive wave-like structures of amplitude greatly in excess of what we would estimate if the system were in a steady state. We study the variations in these patterns across the Galactic disk, and with increasing $|z|$, and we show how our results complement other observations of non-steady-state effects near the Sun, such as vertical asymmetries in stellar number counts and the Gaia snail.
description: 35 pages, 13 figures (48 figure panels), accepted for publication in ApJ. Added acknowledgments and minor corrections in proofs
Distinguishing Dirac and Majorana Heavy Neutrinos at Lepton Colliders
Creators: name: Drewes, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the potential to observe lepton number violation (LNV) in displaced vertex searches for heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) at future lepton colliders. Even though a direct detection of LNV is impossible for the dominant production channel because lepton number is carried away by an unobservable neutrino, there are several signatures of LNV that can be searched for. They include the angular distribution and spectrum of decay products as well as the HNL lifetime. We comment on the perspectives to observe LNV in realistic neutrino mass models and argue that the dichotomy of Dirac vs Majorana HNLs is in general not sufficient to effectively capture their phenomenology, but these extreme cases nevertheless represent well-defined benchmarks for experimental searches. Finally, we present accurate analytic estimates for the number of events and sensitivity regions during the $Z$-pole run for both Majorana and Dirac HNLs.
description: Typos corrected, an error fixed, discussion extended, references added, link to GitHub repository with code for sensitivity region estimates added. Contribution to the proceedings of the 41st International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP2022). Footnotes added with additional explanations that cannot be accommodated in the PoS page limit, but will hopefully make the document more useful
A Note on Coupled Dirac Operators
Creators: name: Hitchin, Nigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C07, 14D20

description: The article considers some concrete solutions to the Dirac equation coupled to a vector bundle with connection, arising in the study of Yang-Mills equations and vector bundles on Riemann surfaces.
description: Dedicated to Jean-Pierre Bourguignon on the occasion of his 75th birthday
Rényi Mutual Information in Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Kudler-Flam, Jonah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a proper definition of Rényi mutual information (RMI) in quantum field theory as defined via the Petz Rényi relative entropy. Unlike the standard definition, the RMI we compute is a genuine measure of correlations between subsystems, as evidenced by its non-negativity and monotonicity under local operations. Furthermore, the RMI is UV finite and well-defined in the continuum limit. We develop a replica path integral approach for the RMI in quantum field theories and evaluate it explicitly in 1+1D conformal field theory using twist fields. We prove that it bounds connected correlation functions and check our results against exact numerics in the massless free fermion theory.
description: 4 pages; v2: typos corrected, minor improvement to correlation bound
Charged Fermion Masses and Mixing from a SU(3) Family Symmetry Model
Creators: name: Hernandez-Galeana, Albino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of a Beyond Standard Model (BSM) with a local $SU(3)$ family symmetry, we report an updated fit of parameters which account for the known spectrum of quarks and charged lepton masses and the quark mixing in a $4\times 4$ non-unitary $V_{CKM}$. In this scenario, ordinary heavy fermions, top and bottom quarks and tau lepton, become massive at tree level from Dirac See-saw mechanisms implemented by the introduction of a new set of $SU(2)_L$ weak singlet vector-like fermions, $U,D,E,N$, with $N$ a sterile neutrino. The $N_{L,R}$ sterile neutrinos allow the implementation of a $8\times 8$ general See-saw Majorana neutrino mass matrix with four massless eigenvalues at tree level. Hence, light fermions, including neutrinos, obtain masses from loop radiative corrections mediated by the massive $SU(3)$ gauge bosons. $SU(3)$ family symmetry is broken spontaneously in two stages, whose hierarchy of scales yield an approximate $SU(2)$ global symmetry associated with the $Z_1, Y_1^\pm$ gauge boson masses of the order of 2 TeV. A global fit of parameters to include neutrino masses and lepton mixing is in progress.
description: LaTex 14 pages, 1 figure. Contribution to Proceedings to the 18th Bled workshop "What comes beyond the standard models.", 11-19 July, 2015, Bled, Slovenia. version with minor improvements and corrections. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1212.4571, arXiv:1312.3403
Theory of Truncation Resonances in Continuum Rod-based Phononic Crystals with Generally Asymmetric Unit Cells
Creators: name: Ba'ba'a, Hasan B. Al
name: Willey, Carson L.
name: Chen, Vincent W.
name: Juhl, Abigail T.
name: Nouh, Mostafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phononic crystals exhibit Bragg bandgaps, frequency regions within which wave propagation is forbidden. In solid continua, bandgaps are the outcome of destructive interferences resulting from periodically alternating layers. Under certain conditions, natural frequencies emerge within these bandgaps in the form of high-amplitude localized vibrations near a structural boundary, referred to as truncation resonances. In this paper, we investigate the vibrational spectrum of finite phononic crystals which take the form of a one-dimensional rod, and explain the factors that contribute to the origination of truncation resonances. By identifying a unit cell symmetry parameter, we define a family of finite phononic rods which share the same dispersion relation, yet distinct truncated forms. A transfer matrix method is utilized to derive closed-form expressions of the characteristic equations governing the natural frequencies of the finite system and decipher the truncation resonances emerging across different boundary conditions. The analysis establishes concrete connections between the localized vibrations associated with a truncation resonance, boundary conditions, and the overall configuration of the truncated chain as dictated by unit cell choice. The study provides tools to predict, tune, and selectively design truncation resonances, to meet the demands of various applications that require and uniquely benefit from such truncation resonances.
Renormalization group and UV completion of cosmological perturbations: Gravitational collapse as a critical phenomenon
Creators: name: Rampf, Cornelius
name: Hahn, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological perturbation theory is known to converge poorly for predicting the spherical collapse and void evolution of collisionless matter. Using the exact parametric solution as a testing ground, we develop two asymptotic methods in spherical symmetry that resolve the gravitational evolution to much higher accuracy than Lagrangian perturbation theory (LPT), which is the current gold standard in the literature. One of the methods selects a stable fixed-point solution of the renormalization-group flow equation, thereby predicting already at the leading order the critical exponent of the phase transition to collapsed structures. The other method completes the truncated LPT series far into the UV regime, by adding a non-analytic term that captures the critical nature of the gravitational collapse. We find that the UV method most accurately resolves the evolution of the nonlinear density as well as its one-point probability distribution function. Similarly accurate predictions are achieved with the renormalization-group method, especially when paired with Padé approximants. Further, our results yield new, very accurate, formulas to relate linear and nonlinear density contrasts. Finally, we chart possible ways on how to adapt our methods to the case of cosmological random field initial conditions.
description: 11 pages + appendices and references, 10 figures, v3: updated Figs. 1,2,3,5 now showing sign changes in the particle positions after collapse; matches published version
"Bekennen" und "Bekenntnis" in der Bibel
Creators: name: Buchegger-Müller, Jürg
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 164672027X
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 23 (2009): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 23
Single- and Few-Layer WTe2 and Their Suspended Nanostructures: Raman Signatures and Nanomechanical Resonances
Creators: name: Lee, Jaesung
name: Ye, Fan
name: Wang, Zenghui
name: Yang, Rui
name: Hu, Jin
name: Mao, Zhiqiang
name: Wei, Jiang
name: Feng, Philip X. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single crystal tungsten ditelluride (WTe2) has recently been discovered to exhibit non-saturating extreme magnetoresistance in bulk; it has also emerged as a new layered material from which atomic layer crystals can be extracted. While atomically thin WTe2 is attractive for its unique properties, little study has been conducted on single- and few-layer WTe2. Here we report the isolation of single- and few-layer WTe2, as well as fabrication and characterization of the first WTe2 suspended nanostructures. We have observed new Raman signatures of few-layer WTe2 that have been theoretically predicted but not yet reported to date, in both on-substrate and suspended WTe2 flakes. We have further probed the nanomechanical properties of suspended WTe2 structures by measuring their flexural resonances, and obtain a Young's modulus of E_Y~80GPa for the suspended WTe2 flakes. This study paves the way for future investigations and utilization of the multiple new Raman fingerprints of single- and few-layer WTe2, and for exploring mechanical control of WTe2 atomic layers.
description: 12 Pages, 5 Figures in Nanoscale 8, 7854-7860 (2016)
Wilsonian approach to the interaction $ϕ^2(iϕ)^\varepsilon$
Creators: name: Ai, Wen-Yuan
name: Alexandre, Jean
name: Sarkar, Sarben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the renormalisation of the non-Hermitian $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric scalar field theory with the interaction $ϕ^2(iϕ)^\varepsilon$ using the Wilsonian approach and without any expansion in $\varepsilon$. Specifically, we solve the Wetterich equation in the local potential approximation, both in the ultraviolet regime and with the loop expansion. We calculate the scale-dependent effective potential and its infrared limit. The theory is found to be renormalisable at the one-loop level only for integer values of $\varepsilon$, a result which is not yet established within the $\varepsilon$-expansion. Particular attention is therefore paid to the two interesting cases $\varepsilon=1,2$, and the one-loop beta functions for the coupling associated with the interaction $iϕ^3$ and $-ϕ^4$ are computed. It is found that the $-ϕ^4$ theory has asymptotic freedom in four-dimensional spacetime. Some general properties for the Euclidean partition function and $n$-point functions are also derived.
description: 18 pages; v2: refs added, published version
The LOFAR search for radio pulsars and fast transients in M33, M81 & M82
Creators: name: Mikhailov, K.
name: van Leeuwen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radio pulsar and rotating radio transient populations are only known in and near the Milky Way. Investigating such populations in other galaxies requires deep pulsar and transient searches. We performed 4-h radio observations of nearby galaxies M33, M81 and M82 with LOFAR. Our main purpose was to characterise the bright end of the pulsar population in other galaxies, and compare it to that of the Milky Way. We searched for extragalactic radio pulsars through a periodic-pulse search, and for sporadic fast radio transients through a single-pulse search. We coherently combined at most 23 LOFAR Core High-Band Antenna (HBA) stations and covered M33, M81, and M82 in their entirety using multiple tied-array beams. No pulsating sources or single pulses were found. We have, therefore established stricter limits on the extragalactic pulsar flux density at lower frequencies than those obtained in previous Arecibo, GBT, and WSRT searches. We conclude that in nearby galaxies M33, M81, and M82 there are no pulsars shining toward Earth with pseudo luminosities greater than a few times that of the brightest pulsars in our Milky Way.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables, A&A accepted; re-evaluated (improved) sensitivity limits
Two-gluon rapidity correlations of strong colour field in $pp$, $pA$ and $AA$ collisions
Creators: name: Zhao, Ye-Yin
name: Xu, Ming-Mei
name: Zhang, Heng-Ying
name: Wu, Yuan-Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the CGC formalism, we calculate the two-gluon rapidity correlations of strong colour fields in $pp$, $pA$ and $AA$ collisions, respectively. If one trigger gluon is fixed at central rapidity, a ridge-like correlation pattern is obtained in symmetry $pp$ and $AA$ collisions, and a huge bump-like correlation pattern is presented in asymmetry $pA$ collisions. It is demonstrated that the ridge-like correlation patterns are caused by the stronger correlation with the gluon of colour source. The transverse momentum and incident energy dependence of the ridge-like correlation pattern is also systematically studied. The ridge is more likely observed at higher incident energy and lower transverse momentum of trigger gluon.
Distinguishing Dirac/Majorana Sterile Neutrinos at the LHC
Creators: name: Dib, Claudio O.
name: Kim, C. S.
name: Wang, Kechen
name: Zhang, Jue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the purely leptonic decays of $W^\pm \to e^\pm e^\pm μ^\mp ν$ and $μ^\pm μ^\pm e^\mp ν$ produced at the LHC, induced by sterile neutrinos with mass $m_N$ below $M_W$ in the intermediate state. Since the final state neutrino escapes detection, one cannot tell whether this process violates lepton number, what would indicate a Majorana character for the intermediate sterile neutrino. Our study shows that when the sterile neutrino mixings with electrons and muons are different enough, one can still discriminate between the Dirac and Majorana character of this intermediate neutrino by simply counting and comparing the above decay rates. After performing collider simulations and statistical analysis, we find that at the $14~\text{TeV}$ LHC with an integrated luminosity of $3000~\text{fb}^{-1}$, for two benchmark scenarios $m_N$ = 20 GeV and 50 GeV, at least a $3σ$ level of exclusion on the Dirac case can be achieved for disparities as mild as e.g. $|U_{Ne}|^2 < 0.7~ |U_{Nμ}|^2$ or $|U_{Nμ}|^2 < 0.7~ |U_{N e}|^2$, provided that $|U_{Ne}|^2$, $|U_{Nμ}|^2$ are both above $\sim 2\times 10^{-6}$.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Emergence of Hadron Mass and Structure
Creators: name: Ding, Minghui
name: Roberts, Craig D.
name: Schmidt, Sebastian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Visible matter is characterised by a single mass scale; namely, the proton mass. The proton's existence and structure are supposed to be described by quantum chromodynamics (QCD); yet, absent Higgs boson couplings, chromodynamics is scale invariant. Thus, if the Standard Model is truly a part of the theory of Nature, then the proton mass is an emergent feature of QCD; and emergent hadron mass (EHM) must provide the basic link between theory and observation. Nonperturbative tools are necessary if such connections are to be made; and in this context, we sketch recent progress in the application of continuum Schwinger function methods to an array of related problems in hadron and particle physics. Special emphasis is given to the three pillars of EHM -- namely, the running gluon mass, process-independent effective charge, and running quark mass; their role in stabilising QCD; and their measurable expressions in a diverse array of observables.
description: 65 pages, 27 figures, 4 tables. Contribution to a Special Issue of PARTICLES: "Strong Interactions in the Standard Model: Massless Bosons to Compact Stars". Version accepted for publication
A Cautionary Tale of Mis-measured Tails from $q/g$ Bias
Creators: name: Martin, Adam
name: Roy, Tuhin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jet substructure techniques such as subjet $p_T$-asymmetry, mass-drop, and grooming have become powerful and widely used tools in experimental searches at the LHC. While these tools provide much-desired handles to separate signal from background, they can introduce unexpected mass scales into the analysis. These scales may be misinterpreted as excesses if these are not correctly incorporated into background modeling. As an example, we study the ATLAS hadronic di-$W/Z$ resonance search. There, we find that the substructure analysis -- in particular the combination of a subjet asymmetry cut with the requirement on the number of tracks within a jet -- induces a mass scale where the dominant partonic subprocess in the background changes from $pp \to g \!+\! q/\bar q$ to $pp \to q\bar{q}$. In light of this scale, modeling the QCD background using a simple smooth function with monotonically decreasing slope appears insufficient.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures. Version published in Phys. Rev. D
Robust Sound Source Localization Using a Microphone Array on a Mobile Robot
Creators: name: Valin, Jean-Marc
name: Michaud, François
name: Rouat, Jean
name: Létourneau, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The hearing sense on a mobile robot is important because it is omnidirectional and it does not require direct line-of-sight with the sound source. Such capabilities can nicely complement vision to help localize a person or an interesting event in the environment. To do so the robot auditory system must be able to work in noisy, unknown and diverse environmental conditions. In this paper we present a robust sound source localization method in three-dimensional space using an array of 8 microphones. The method is based on time delay of arrival estimation. Results show that a mobile robot can localize in real time different types of sound sources over a range of 3 meters and with a precision of 3 degrees.
description: 6 pages
Chaos and Thermalization in the Spin-Boson Dicke Model
Creators: name: Villaseñor, David
name: Pilatowsky-Cameo, Saúl
name: Bastarrachea-Magnani, Miguel A.
name: Lerma-Hernández, Sergio
name: Santos, Lea F.
name: Hirsch, Jorge G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of the connection between chaos and the onset of thermalization in the spin-boson Dicke model. This system has a well-defined classical limit with two degrees of freedom, and it presents both regular and chaotic regions. Our studies of the eigenstate expectation values and the distributions of the off-diagonal elements of the number of photons and the number of excited atoms validate the diagonal and off-diagonal eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) in the chaotic region, thus ensuring thermalization. The validity of the ETH reflects the chaotic structure of the eigenstates, which we corroborate using the von Neumann entanglement entropy and the Shannon entropy. Our results for the Shannon entropy also make evident the advantages of the so-called "efficient basis" over the widespread employed Fock basis when investigating the unbounded spectrum of the Dicke model. The efficient basis gives us access to a larger number of converged states than what can be reached with the Fock basis.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures. This work is dedicated to Professor Giulio Casati on the occasion of his 80th birthday
title: Depicting the role of the FT functional domains in antiprion mediated neurodegeneration
Creators: name: Reimann, Regina
name: Varol, Ahmet
name: Caflisch, Lisa
name: Hermann, Mario
name: Hornemann, Simone
name: Senatore, Assunta
name: Chandrasekar, Vijay
name: Einsiedler, Melanie
name: Nuvolone, Mario
name: Schneider, Bernard
name: Aguzzi, Adriano
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Neurodegeneration is one of the central pathological hallmarks of fatal transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) affecting humans and animals. Prions represent the causative infectious agent in TSE, which are associated with PrPSC, a pathological conformer of the cellular prion protein (PrPC). [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: Joint-Meeting of the German Society for Neuropathology and Neuroanatomy (DGNN) and the Scandinavian Neuropathological Society (SNS)
Different effects on different people: advancing gender protection and equality in disaster displacement and disaster management in the Caribbean
Creators: name: Montagnin, Sara
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: natural disaster
climatic changes
internally displaced persons
Caribbean area
gender discrimination
women
Dominican Republic
Haiti

description: Second semester University: Ruhr-University Bochum
description: Natural disasters and climate change are continuously threatening the life and livelihoods of millions of people worldwide, and especially in the Caribbean. While a small number of communities have proven to be resilient to such events, the majority are forced to relocate, becoming internally displaced persons. Within this context, women experience the impacts of disasters in unique ways, as they often face additional vulnerabilities that make them highly susceptible to such events. These vulnerabilities include widespread inequalities, gender-based violence and culture of masculinity. Therefore, there is the need to protect and enhance women’s rights during disasters and displacements through the development and adoption of specific laws and policies. This thesis aims at analyzing the current disaster displacement in the Caribbean SIDS, and the vulnerabilities and impacts of women in such situations. Within this context, the national legal frameworks of two selected Caribbean SIDS, namely Haiti and the Dominican Republic, will be analyzed in order to understand whether and to what extent they mainstream gender. The research concludes that women are partially included in national policies and laws, but their vulnerabilities and rights are not sufficiently addressed. Therefore, the thesis provides a set of recommendations to overcome the main issues found. Key Words: Natural Disasters, DRR, Gender Mainstreaming, Caribbean, SIDS, Internal Displacement, Haiti, Dominican Republic.
Tuning the charge transfer in Fx-TCNQ/rubrene single-crystal interfaces
Creators: name: Krupskaya, Yulia
name: Lezama, Ignacio Gutiérrez
name: Morpurgo, Alberto F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interfaces formed by two different organic semiconductors often exhibit a large conductivity, originating from transfer of charge between the constituent materials. The precise mechanisms driving charge transfer and determining its magnitude remain vastly unexplored, and are not understood microscopically. To start addressing this issue, we have performed a systematic study of highly reproducible single-crystal interfaces based on rubrene and Fx-TCNQ, a family of molecules whose electron affinity can be tuned by increasing the fluorine content. The combined analysis of transport and scanning Kelvin probe measurements reveals that the interfacial charge carrier density, resistivity, and activation energy correlate with the electron affinity of Fx-TCNQ crystals, with a higher affinity resulting in larger charge transfer. Although the transport properties can be described consistently and quantitatively using a mobility-edge model, we find that a quantitative analysis of charge transfer in terms of single-particle band diagrams reveals a discrepancy ~ 100 meV in the interfacial energy level alignment. We attribute the discrepancy to phenomena known to affect the energetics of organic semiconductors, which are neglected by a single-particle description, such as molecular relaxation and band-gap renormalization due to screening. The systematic behavior of the Fx-TCNQ/rubrene interfaces opens the possibility to investigate these phenomena experimentally, under controlled conditions.
title: Proximale Humerusfrakturen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen – eine Metaanalyse der Behandlungsoptionen
Creators: name: Hohloch, Lisa
name: Reising, Kilian
name: Wagner, Ferdinand
name: Eberbach, Helge
name: Südkamp, Norbert P.
name: Zwingmann, Jörn
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: proximale Humerusfraktur
subject: Kindesalter
subject: Adoleszenz
subject: Metaanalyse
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: Frakturen des proximalen Humerus im Kindes- und Jugendalter stellen mit einer Inzidenz von 2-5 % eine seltene Verletzung dar. Die Art der Behandlung dieser Frakturen beruht weniger auf evidenzbasierten Richtlinien als vielmehr auf Expertenmeinungen. Ziel dieser Metaanalyse [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2016)
Mā te kupu te whenua e ora ai : The Challenges of Geospatial Natural Language Processing with New Zealand Māori. NZGRC 2022.
Creators: name: Aflaki, Niloofar
name: Mackenzie, Kierin
name: Morris, Hone
name: Guesgen, Hans
name: Procter, Jonathan
name: Stock, Kristin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 90903 Geospatial Information Systems
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Recent years have seen concerted efforts to revitalise New Zealand Māori, the indigenous language of Aotearoa New Zealand, after earlier attempts at suppression during colonisation. Automated methods for natural language processing together with the increasing availability of written Māori language resources have great potential for extracting knowledge from text to increase understanding of current and historical Māori worldviews. In the geographic domain, these methods can be used to increase knowledge of Māori conceptualisations of landscape and to enable information retrieval for purposes such as mapping of species distribution and disaster events. However, most existing tools are based on the form and syntax of English and other well-resourced languages and pose challenges when applied to Māori, including lack of annotated data, inappropriate grammatical assumptions and high levels of polysemy. We discuss these challenges as discovered during (1) the creation of a large Māori corpus through the amalgamation of multiple other language resources; and (2) the comparison of five rule-based and machine learning bag of words methods to identify geographic senses of a collection of 11 geographic feature type words, many of which have multiple other meanings.
Geometric origin of superfluidity in the Lieb lattice flat band
Creators: name: Julku, Aleksi
name: Peotta, Sebastiano
name: Vanhala, Tuomas
name: Kim, Dong-Hee
name: Törmä, Päivi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state and transport properties of the Lieb lattice flat band in the presence of an attractive Hubbard interaction are considered. It is shown that the superfluid weight can be large even for an isolated and strictly flat band. Moreover the superfluid weight is proportional to the interaction strength and to the quantum metric, a band structure invariant obtained from the flat-band Bloch functions. These predictions are amenable to verification with ultracold gases and may explain the anomalous behaviour of the superfluid weight of high-Tc superconductors.
description: Revised version
Synchronization transition of the second-order Kuramoto model on lattices
Creators: name: Ódor, Géza
name: Deng, Shengfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The second-order Kuramoto equation describes synchronization of coupled oscillators with inertia, which occur in power grids for example. Contrary to the first-order Kuramoto equation it's synchronization transition behavior is much less known. In case of Gaussian self-frequencies it is discontinuous, in contrast to the continuous transition for the first-order Kuramoto equation. Here we investigate this transition on large 2d and 3d lattices and provide numerical evidence of hybrid phase transitions, that the oscillator phases $θ_i$, exhibit a crossover, while the frequency spread a real phase transition in 3d. Thus a lower critical dimension $d_l^O=2$ is expected for the frequencies and $d_l^R=4$ for the phases like in the massless case. We provide numerical estimates for the critical exponents, finding that the frequency spread decays as $\sim t^{-d/2}$ in case of aligned initial state of the phases in agreement with the linear approximation. However in 3d, in the case of initially random distribution of $θ_i$, we find a faster decay, characterized by $\sim t^{-1.8(1)}$ as the consequence of enhanced nonlinearities which appear by the random phase fluctuations.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
A New Learning Method for Inference Accuracy, Core Occupation, and Performance Co-optimization on TrueNorth Chip
Creators: name: Wen, Wei
name: Wu, Chunpeng
name: Wang, Yandan
name: Nixon, Kent
name: Wu, Qing
name: Barnell, Mark
name: Li, Hai
name: Chen, Yiran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.1.3; I.2.6; I.5.1

description: IBM TrueNorth chip uses digital spikes to perform neuromorphic computing and achieves ultrahigh execution parallelism and power efficiency. However, in TrueNorth chip, low quantization resolution of the synaptic weights and spikes significantly limits the inference (e.g., classification) accuracy of the deployed neural network model. Existing workaround, i.e., averaging the results over multiple copies instantiated in spatial and temporal domains, rapidly exhausts the hardware resources and slows down the computation. In this work, we propose a novel learning method on TrueNorth platform that constrains the random variance of each computation copy and reduces the number of needed copies. Compared to the existing learning method, our method can achieve up to 68.8% reduction of the required neuro-synaptic cores or 6.5X speedup, with even slightly improved inference accuracy.
description: 6 pages; 9 figures; DAC 2016
Aqueous ammonium thiocyanate solutions as refractive index-matching fluids with low density and viscosity
Creators: name: Borrero-Echeverry, Daniel
name: Morrison, Benjamin C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that aqueous solutions of ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN) can be used to match the index of refraction of several transparent materials commonly used in experiments, while maintaining low viscosity and density compared to other common refractive index-matching liquids. We present empirical models for estimating the index of refraction, density, and kinematic viscosity of these solutions as a function of temperature and concentration. Finally, we summarize the chemical compatibility of ammonium thiocyanate with materials commonly used in apparatus.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. Corrected missing minus signs in Table 1
X-ray Absorption Lines in the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium: Probing Chandra observations with the CAMEL simulations
Creators: name: Contreras, Amanda Butler
name: Lau, Erwin T.
name: Oppenheimer, Benjamin D.
name: Bogdán, Ákos
name: Tillman, Megan
name: Nagai, Daisuke
name: Kovács, Orsolya E.
name: Burkhart, Blakesley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Known as the "Missing Baryon Problem", about one-third of baryons in the local universe remain unaccounted for. The missing baryons are thought to reside in the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) of the cosmic web filaments, which are challenging to detect. Recent Chandra X-ray observations used a novel stacking analysis and detected an OVII absorption line toward the sightline of a luminous quasar, hinting that the missing baryons may reside in the WHIM. To explore how the properties of the OVII absorption line depend on feedback physics, we compare the observational results with predictions obtained from the Cosmology and Astrophysics with MachinE Learning (CAMEL) Simulation suite. CAMELS consists of cosmological simulations with state-of-the-art supernova (SN) and active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback models from the IllustrisTNG and SIMBA simulations, with varying strengths. We find that the simulated OVII column densities are higher in the outskirts of galaxies than in the large-scale WHIM, but they are consistently lower than those obtained in the Chandra observations, for all feedback runs. We establish that the OVII distribution is primarily sensitive to changes in the SN feedback prescription, whereas changes in the AGN feedback prescription have minimal impact. We also find significant differences in the OVII column densities between the IllustrisTNG and SIMBA runs. We conclude that the tension between the observed and simulated OVII column densities cannot be explained by the wide range of feedback models implemented in CAMELS.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures. Matching to the published version on MNRAS
Factorization approach to superintegrable systems: Formalism and applications
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Angel
name: Herranz, Francisco J.
name: Kuru, Sengul
name: Negro, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The factorization technique for superintegrable Hamiltonian systems is revisited and applied in order to obtain additional (higher-order) constants of the motion. In particular, the factorization approach to the classical anisotropic oscillator on the Euclidean plane is reviewed, and new classical (super)integrable anisotropic oscillators on the sphere are constructed. The Tremblay-Turbiner-Winternitz system on the Euclidean plane is also studied from this viewpoint.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. Minor corrections. Based on the contribution presented at "The IX International Symposium on Quantum Theory and Symmetries" (QTS-9), July 13-18, 2015, Yerevan, Armenia
A relation between diffusion,temperature and the cosmological constant
Creators: name: Haba, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the temperature of a diffusing fluid with the diffusion constant κ^{2} in an expanding universe approaches a constant limit T=κ^{2}/H in its final de Sitter stage characterized by the horizon 1/H determined by the Hubble constant. If de Sitter surface temperature in the final equilibrium state coincides with the fluid temperature then the cosmological constant Λ=3H^{2}=6πκ^{2}.
description: 9 pages
title: Catalase essentially promotes the osteogenic differentiation potential of regular as well as osteogenically dysfunctional adipose tissue-derived stem cells
Creators: name: Suschek, Christoph V.
name: Sahlender, Benita
name: Grotheer, Vera
name: Windolf, Joachim
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Objectives: The treatment of bone defects with mesenchymal stem cells is becoming increasingly important. Particularly, multipotent stem cells of adipose tissue (ASCs) are gaining increasing importance in regenerative medicine. A challenge in this context is the reduced osteogenic differentiation potential[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2016)
Fractional Hofstadter States in Graphene on Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Creators: name: DaSilva, Ashley M.
name: Jung, Jeil
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In fractionally filled Landau levels there is only a small energy difference between broken translational symmetry electron-crystal states and exotic correlated quantum fluid states. We show that the spatially periodic substrate interaction associated with the long period moiré patterns present in graphene on nearly aligned hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) tilts this close competition in favor of the former, explaining surprising recent experimental findings.
Out-Of-Distribution Detection Is Not All You Need
Creators: name: Guérin, Joris
name: Delmas, Kevin
name: Ferreira, Raul Sena
name: Guiochet, Jérémie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The usage of deep neural networks in safety-critical systems is limited by our ability to guarantee their correct behavior. Runtime monitors are components aiming to identify unsafe predictions and discard them before they can lead to catastrophic consequences. Several recent works on runtime monitoring have focused on out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, i.e., identifying inputs that are different from the training data. In this work, we argue that OOD detection is not a well-suited framework to design efficient runtime monitors and that it is more relevant to evaluate monitors based on their ability to discard incorrect predictions. We call this setting out-ofmodel-scope detection and discuss the conceptual differences with OOD. We also conduct extensive experiments on popular datasets from the literature to show that studying monitors in the OOD setting can be misleading: 1. very good OOD results can give a false impression of safety, 2. comparison under the OOD setting does not allow identifying the best monitor to detect errors. Finally, we also show that removing erroneous training data samples helps to train better monitors.
title: Rekonstruktion biomechanischer Parameter bei Kurzschaft-Endoprothesen der Hüfte
Creators: name: Boese, Christoph
name: Budde, Stefan
name: Eysel, Peer
name: Flörkemeier, Thilo
name: Lechler, Philipp
name: Bredow, Jan
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Kurschaftprothesen
subject: Hüftendoprothese
subject: Biomechanik
subject: Anatomie
subject: Hüfte
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: In den vergangenen Jahren hat die Verbreitung von Kurzschaftprothesen (SHT) deutlich zugenommen. Sie gelten als knochensparende Alternativ zu Standardprothesen und es wird berichtet, die anatomisch Rekonstruktion der nativen Hüftanatomie sei vorteilhaft. Klinische Ergebnisse zeigen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2016)
Chromatic optical polarization of BL Lac: while faint and bright
Creators: name: Shablovinskaya, Elena
name: Malygin, Eugene
name: Oparin, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the first results on astrophysical X-ray polarization provided by \textit{IXPE} observatory, the interest in wavelength-dependent synchrotron polarization of BL Lac type objects increases. This paper presents the results of multi-band optical observations of the well-known blazar named BL Lac ($z=0.069$) in polarized light. It was shown that the object's emission, regardless of its phase of activity, is characterized by the intraday variability of brightness and polarization with changes occurring on a time-scale of up to 1.5 hours without any stable oscillation period. Polarimetric observations in the different optical bands show that the degree and angle of polarization of the blazar depend on the wavelength, and the maximum chromatism, as well as the maximum observed polarization degree, was detected during the minimum brightness state; during the flare state, the polarization chromatism changed along with the flux gradient on the time-scale of an hour. Qualitatively, such behaviour can be described by the shock-in-jet model, yet the chromatism amplitude and its rapid changes differ significantly from the model predictions and challenge the numerical calculations.
description: Published in MNRAS