cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Diversité de la main-d'oeuvre et discrimination : du devoir de juste représentation à l'obligation d'accommodement syndicale.
Creators: name: Brunelle, Christian.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Law.

description: La diversité, qu'elle soit raciale, religieuse, sexuelle ou physique (âge, handicap), est une nouvelle donne dans les rapports collectifs de travail. Elle interpelle les syndicats en les incitant à revoir des méthodes parfois empreintes du seul souci d'assurer la protection des intérêts majoritaires, au détriment des femmes, des jeunes et des minorités dont la présence sur les lieux de travail se fait grandissante. Au devoir syndical de juste représentation des codes du travail, pensé voilà plus de 50 ans dans une perspective de défense des intérêts collectifs d'une main-d'oeuvre pour ainsi dire homogène--salarié hétérosexuel, de race blanche, de sexe masculin, de religion catholique, travaillant à temps plein, principalement dans le secteur manufacturier--est venu s'ajouter, dans la foulée des chartes et lois sur les droits de la personne, un devoir d'accommodement qui oblige les syndicats à faire primer les intérêts individuels des salariés jusqu'à la limite ultime de la «contrainte excessive». Une analyse critique des précédents révèle que la notion de «discrimination» au coeur de ces devoirs syndicaux n'est manifestement pas identique. Produit d'une conception où l'égalité est synonyme de traitement identique (égalité formelle), le devoir de juste représentation vise la discrimination en général mais s'intéresse essentiellement aux motivations syndicales. Ce sont les distinctions «arbitraires» ou, autrement dit, dépourvues de «lien rationnel» qui sont seules mises en échec par les tribunaux. Conçu à notre époque où l'égalité est de plus en plus synonyme de traitement distinct et adapté (égalité réelle), le devoir d'accommodement vise la discrimination fondée sur une énumération, tantôt limitative, tantôt indicative, de caractéristiques personnelles mais s'intéresse à la fois à l'objet et aux effets de l'action syndicale. Dans cette perspective, ce sont toutes les distinctions «préjudiciables» qui peuvent être entachées d'illégalité. Ce devoir d'accommodement, nettement plus exigeant pour le syndicat, pose au mouvement syndical un défi sans précédent dont il néglige actuellement l'importance: repenser, à son tour, sa notion d'égalité pour répondre plus adéquatement aux besoins d'une main-d'oeuvre à l'hétérogénéité croissante.
Nonlinear eleastic modeling of pipeline in sloping clay under high Ko.
Creators: name: Salem, Hicham J.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Civil.

description: Numerous cases of pipeline failures are documented every year, triggering new problems for research and the need for re-examination of already established design guidelines and standards. The problem of soil/pipeline interaction has been thoroughly researched over the years; however, further investigation is required in some areas. This thesis presents an investigation. using numerical modeling to simulate the installation of a steel pipeline in overconsolidated clay. Some factors related to the site geometry (sloping ground) and construction methods (fill compaction), as well as the stiffness of the pipeline section, are also investigated. This study shows that the reaction of the soil mass to the trench excavation continued for as long as four years after backfilling. In addition, the following conclusions can be drawn from the results presented in this thesis: (1) When the pipeline is installed in a trench, at the base of a v-shaped depression, a higher total stress acts at the base and crown of the pipeline with level ground and smaller ground slopes causing more deformation in the pipeline section than with steep ground slopes. (2) A static, surcharge-type compaction for a reasonable duration is found to reduce damaging stresses at the base and crown of the pipeline, during and after surcharge loading. (3) A less rigid pipeline section would carry less of the weight of overlying fill material and will cause more of the load to be carried by the fill material on either side of the pipeline. This results in higher lateral pressure (in the pipeline section and slower dissipation of pore water pressure around the pipeline.
The production of HIV suppressive factors by CD28, CD38 and HLA-DR subpopulations of CD8+ T cells.
Creators: name: Jiang, Janina Q.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Immunology.

description: We have examined CD8+ sub-populations to determine whether these subsets are critical to the production of CD8+ T cell nonlytic factors. The production of the beta-chemokines MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and RANTES, and the chemoattractant cytokine IL-16 were measured in cells derived from 24 HIV-infected and 25 uninfected subjects. Asymptomatic HIV+ subjects (CD4 > 200/ul) produced significantly higher levels of MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta from CD8+ T cells and some sub-phenotypes. Higher RANTES levels were produced by CD28-, CD38- and HLA-DR+/- sub-phenotypes. However, IL-16 was only modulated in the CD38+ subset in comparison to total CD8+ T cells. Infection of CD8+ T cells and sub-populations resulted in generally increased levels of chemokine and IL-16 production, which dissipated over a 15 day time course. Moreover, CD8+ antiviral factor (CAF) activity, another major component of CD8+ T cell nonlytic suppression factors, was not associated with chemokine production. However, significantly higher levels of CAF were produced by CD38+ and HLA-DR+ sub-populations. In addition, we also showed that in CD8+ T cell populations, the production of MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and IL-16 was inversely correlated with virus copy number. These findings shed light on the noncytotoxic responses of CD8+ T cells in controlling the natural course of HIV infection.
INSTITUTIONAL CONTACT RATES AS A DRIVER OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Creators: name: Johnson, Stephanie Sikavitsas
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Modeling
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Occupational Health
subject: Public Health

description: For many infectious diseases, pathogen transmission requires close contact between infectious and susceptible hosts. Contact rates- the number of close contacts per infected individual- are influenced by demographics, behaviors, and contextual elements such as occupation and cultural practices. Workplaces are significant areas for disease transmission, due to frequent interactions among employees or between them and their clients. Moreover, cultural norms within workplaces can shape contact patterns, further influencing disease spread. Context-specific data enables a comprehensive understanding of contact rates and networks, facilitating targeted interventions. Amid COVID-19, university policies altered attendance rules, prompting our investigation into policy impacts on employee social contacts. Participants, consisting of university employees, engaged in two surveys conducted during periods of virtual and in-person classes. Results revealed a notable increase in contacts from the first to the second survey (median of 3 contacts to 7), accompanied by a shift from family members towards interactions with strangers and students. Such findings emphasize the importance of considering employees in pandemic planning efforts and implementing targeted precautionary measures.
description: We created a simulation-based study that explored how staffing levels affect methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) acquisition in intensive care units (ICUs). Utilizing compartmental modeling, scenarios with infinite and finite workload conceptualizations and differing nurse-to-patient ratios and intensivist staffing levels were explored. Under baseline conditions, our model had a median of 8.2 MRSA acquisitions per year. The large differential in MRSA acquisition dependent on workload conceptualization underscores the need for tailored staffing strategies in hospital infection control.
description: Veterinary hospitals present unique challenges in managing infectious diseases, particularly due to elevated risks of zoonotic infections among veterinary staff. We created a direct observation pilot study to assess time use and activity patterns among different staff types and departments within a veterinary teaching hospital. Analysis of 12,079 tasks highlighted significant variations between staff types and departments, underscoring the necessity for tailored occupational health interventions.
description: This research highlights the crucial role of institutional policies in shaping contact patterns and disease transmission, especially in workplaces. By combining surveys, models, and observations, researchers can gauge policy impacts and devise effective infection prevention strategies.
title: Volumetric regression ratio of the primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes after induction chemotherapy predicts overall survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
title: a retrospective analysis
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Elicin, Olgun
name: Schmuecking, Michael
name: Broemmel, Jens
name: Rauch, Daniel
name: Ambarcioglu, Pinar
name: Plasswilm, Ludwig
name: Geretschlaeger, Andreas
name: Ghadjar, Pirus
name: Giger, Roland
name: Aebersold, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: computed tomography
subject: head and neck squa-mous cell carcinoma
subject: induction chemotherapy
subject: survival
subject: volume
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: We looked for any predictive value of change in primary tumor and metastatic lymph node volumes after induction chemotherapy (IC) on oncologic outcome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods: Nineteen patients with stage IVA/B HNSCC treated between 2004 and 2010 with at least one cycle of IC (docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil / TPF) and concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with cisplatin were retrospectively analyzed. Volumes were calculated separately for primary tumor (Vtm), lymph node metastases (Vln) and their sum (Vsum) on computed tomography (CT) images before and after IC. The effect of volumetric changes on locoregional failure (LRF), distant metastasis (DM) and overall survival (OS) was assessed. P values <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The median follow-up of surviving patients was 25 months (range: 10.7-83.3). The median number of cycles and duration of TPF was 3 (range: 1-4) and 44 days (range: 4-116), respectively. Empirical area under the curve (AUC) analyses for death, LRF and DM revealed optimal cut-off values of Vtm diminution (30.54%, AUC: 87%) and Vsum decrease (35.45%, AUC: 64.55%) only for OS (p <0.05). Among those, a reduction in Vsum more than 35.4% between pre- and post-IC was significantly correlated with better OS (100 vs 43% at 2 years, p <0.05). Conclusion: Volumetric shrinkage of the tumor load after IC assessed with CT seems to predict OS. The assessment of volumetric shrinkage upon IC might be used to decide whether to offer patients alternative strategies like palliative/de-intensified treatments or more aggressive combined modalities after IC.
Analysing situated meanings and figured worlds in Conversations about sustainability: bringing critical discourse analsysis (CDA) to NVivo 12
Creators: name: Melles, Gavin
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as defined by James Gee (2011) focuses on the interactive construction of figured worlds (FW) in interview and related contexts. Figured worlds (Holland et al 1998) are an interactive reflection of the more stable Discourses (discursive identities) from which speakers make claims about the topic at hand. Being 'in the Discourse' in CDA also means having a position relative to the Conversations (competing discourses) about the relevant topic, e.g. sustainability, that typify the field. Qualitative software such as NVivo has a natural affinity with grounded coding interpretative approaches but appears less able to facilitate CDA. This paper - drawing on two sets of interview data from the UK and Australia - focuses on how the interactive and relational imagined communities (FW) of organisational practice in HEI sustainability teaching (UK) and reporting (Australia) can be analysed, memoed and coded. A core insight is that figured worlds (FW) are not only possible analytic categories for CAQDAS but that they are interactive accomplishments where agency relative to Discourses is possible.
The presentation 1) explains the CDA approach of Gee; 2) Identifies the key analytic categories of figured worlds and Conversations in D/discourse; 3) identifies the challenges for software coding approaches to manage such analysis; 4) exemplifies a solution to this using Nvivo tools; 5) draws conclusions about challenges and benefits
Loss of MeCP2 disrupts cell autonomous and autocrine BDNF signaling in mouse glutamatergic neurons
Creators: name: Sampathkumar, Charanya
name: Wu, Yuan-Ju
name: Vadhvani, Mayur
name: Trimbuch, Thorsten
name: Eickholt, Britta
name: Rosenmund, Christian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Mutations in the MECP2 gene cause the neurodevelopmental disorder Rett syndrome (RTT). Previous studies have shown that altered MeCP2 levels result in aberrant neurite outgrowth and glutamatergic synapse formation. However, causal molecular mechanisms are not well understood since MeCP2 is known to regulate transcription of a wide range of target genes. Here, we describe a key role for a constitutive BDNF feed forward signaling pathway in regulating synaptic response, general growth and differentiation of glutamatergic neurons. Chronic block of TrkB receptors mimics the MeCP2 deficiency in wildtype glutamatergic neurons, while re-expression of BDNF quantitatively rescues MeCP2 deficiency. We show that BDNF acts cell autonomous and autocrine, as wildtype neurons are not capable of rescuing growth deficits in neighboring MeCP2 deficient neurons in vitro and in vivo. These findings are relevant for understanding RTT pathophysiology, wherein wildtype and mutant neurons are intermixed throughout the nervous system.
Promoting equitable global health research: a policy analysis of the Canadian funding landscape
Creators: name: Plamondon, Katrina
name: Walters, Dylan
name: Campbell, Sandy
name: Hatfield, Jennifer
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Background: Recognising radical shifts in the global health research (GHR) environment, participants in a 2013 deliberative dialogue called for careful consideration of equity-centred principles that should inform Canadian funding polices. This study examined the existing funding structures and policies of Canadian and international funders to inform the future design of a responsive GHR funding landscape. Methods: We used a three-pronged analytical framework to review the ideas, interests and institutions implicated in publically accessible documents relevant to GHR funding. These data included published literature and organisational documents (e.g. strategic plans, progress reports, granting policies) from Canadian and other comparator funders. We then used a deliberative approach to develop recommendations with the research team, advisors, industry informants and low- and middle-income country (LMIC) partners. Results: In Canada, major GHR funders invest an estimated CA$90 M per annum; however, the post-2008 re-organization of funding structures and policies resulted in an uncoordinated and inefficient Canadian strategy. Australia, Denmark, the European Union, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States of America invest proportionately more in GHR than Canada. Each of these countries has a national strategic plan for global health, some of which have dedicated benchmarks for GHR funding and policy to allow funds to be held by partners outside of Canada. Key constraints to equitable GHR funding included (1) funding policies that restrict financial and cost burden aspects of partnering for GHR in LMICs; and (2) challenges associated with the development of effective governance mechanisms. There were, however, some Canadian innovations in funding research that demonstrated both unconventional and equitable approaches to supporting GHR in Canada and abroad. Among the most promising were found in the International Development Research Centre and the (no longer active) Global Health Research Initiative. Conclusion: Promoting equitable GHR funding policies and practices in Canada requires cooperation and actions by multiple stakeholders, including government, funding agencies, academic institutions and researchers. Greater cooperation and collaboration among these stakeholders in the context of recent political shifts present important opportunities for advancing funding policies that enable and encourage more equitable investments in GHR.
Quality of service management for multicast applications using MPEG-4/DMIF.
Creators: name: Yang, Zhen.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Computer Science.

description: The main objective of this thesis is to introduce an approach of quality of service management for multicast multimedia applications based on the Delivery Multimedia Integration Framework (DMIF) of MPEG-4 as a session management protocol. We consider that the distributed multicasting applications may involve a large number of users, therefore, a single quality of service level may not be appropriate for all participants. It is necessary to distribute part of the QoS management process and allow each user process to make certain QoS decisions based on its local context. This report gives an overview of some background knowledge, presents the design of a teleteaching system that uses our paradigm for QoS management, explains how DMIF can be adapted as a session protocol for such an application, and finally, provides the implementation details of the system.
title: Who’s sick of what?
title: belonging in pandemics, the pandemic of unbelonging
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Mohebali, Milad
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2022
Subjects: belonging
poststructuralism
racialization
social media
university
Higher education administration
public abstract
Social Justice

description: This two-article dissertation explores and exploits the heterogeneity of the social world that becomes visible at times of crisis—in this case, the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic created a portal to study the dynamics of race and capitalism. In this dissertation, I conduct critical analyses of systems of oppression at the institutional level in article one and at the structural level in article two. In the first article, using critical qualitative research, particularly critical discourse analysis, I interrogate the ideological work of the rhetoric of science, technology, and medicine when the University of Iowa communicated its public good purpose at a time of crisis. I find that the University of Iowa communicated its scientific and medical research to advance a vision of the world where the COVID-19 crisis will be overcome by science, facilitated by professionals trained at the school, and the knowledge delivered from the university to the outside world. I critique the ideological work of science and technology rhetoric and offer implications toward an engaged practice of world-making. In the second article, I employ situational analysis to understand how the University of Iowa contains the evolving situation of the COVID-19 pandemic and how modes of containment racialize social relations on the campus. I find that as the University of Iowa attempted to keep the campus community healthy, maintain its educational programs, and advance racial justice, it sought to contain the virus and opposing perspectives. Containment of the virus overlaps with an entangled process of racialization through cultural signification of what is healthy and what matters and structural reproduction through institutionalized racism. I discuss how these processes of containment and racialization shape who can belong at the university and offer implications for the political potentiality of belonging in higher education research and practice.
MATERNAL VACCINATIONS PROVIDE ANTI-VIRAL ANTIBODY PROTECTION TO FETUS IN UTERO
Creators: name: Lauritsen, Cody
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: vaccination
pregnant women
SARS-CoV-2
Respiratory Syncytial Virus
RSV
Rift Valley fever virus
RVFV
antibody transfer
Pregnancy

description: The maternal transfer of antibodies is a vital process that provides newborns with passive immunity against various pathogens. This study delves into the dynamics of antibody transfer in the context of SARS-CoV-2, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV). Our results indicate that vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy not only yields a higher quality and quantity of anti-viral antibodies but also facilitates their enhanced transfer to the fetus. Additionally, the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine appears to reduce inflammation in pregnant women, which may further benefit the antibody transfer process. In contrast, maternal RSV infection correlates with a reduced transfer of antibodies, and these antibodies are of lower quality. This reduction may be linked to an increased inflammatory state in mothers, which could impede the antibody transfer and compromise their efficacy. For RVFV, maternal vaccination leads to elevated titers of antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies, suggesting a strong potential for protective maternal and neonatal immunity. These findings highlight the significance of maternal vaccination in improving neonatal outcomes and underscore the need for ongoing research into the optimization of vaccine strategies for pregnant women.
Practical interventions to protect employee mental health and mental ill-health in the workplace
Creators: name: Quinane, Erin
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This research examines what practical interventions are available for Senior Executives (SEs) to implement to protect employee mental health (MH) and mental ill-health (Mi-H) and the tensions that SEs face in protecting employee MH and Mi-H. This study was designed in two phases. Phase One explored from 26 Australian SEs how they are currently protecting employee MH and Mi-H. Phase Two explored from 22 global elites, and experts what practical interventions are available for SEs to implement at an organisational level. The benefit of this research contributes a literature gap of understanding leaders' perspectives of managing the MH of employees.
title: Predictors of screen viewing time in young Singaporean children
title: the GUSTO cohort
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Bernard, Jonathan Y.
name: Padmapriya, Natarajan
name: Chen, Bozhi
name: Cai, Shirong
name: Tan, Kok Hian
name: Yap, Fabian
name: Shek, Lynette
name: Chong, Yap-Seng
name: Gluckman, Peter D.
name: Godfrey, Keith M.
name: Kramer, Michael S.
name: Saw, Seang Mei
name: Mueller-Riemenschneider, Falk
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Television
subject: Computer
subject: Hand-held device
subject: Sedentary lifestyle
subject: Childhood
subject: Cohort studies
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Higher screen viewing time (SVT) in childhood has been associated with adverse health outcomes, but the predictors of SVT in early childhood are poorly understood. We examined the sociodemographic and behavioral predictors of total and device-specific SVT in a Singaporean cohort. Methods At ages 2 and 3 years, SVT of 910 children was reported by their parents. Interviewer- administered questionnaires assessed SVT on weekdays and weekends for television, computer, and hand-held devices. Multivariable linear mixed-effect models were used to examine the associations of total and device-specific SVT at ages 2 and 3 with predictors, including children’s sex, ethnicity, birth order, family income, and parental age, education, BMI, and television viewing time. Results At age 2, children’s total SVT averaged 2.4 ± 2.2 (mean ± SD) hours/day, including 1.6 ± 1.6 and 0.7 ± 1.0 h/day for television and hand- held devices, respectively. At age 3, hand-held device SVT was 0.3 (95% CI: 0.2, 0.4) hours/day higher, while no increases were observed for other devices. SVT tracked moderately from 2 to 3 years (r = 0.49, p
Solutions to controllability and observability problems in distributed testing.
Creators: name: Whittier, David William.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Computer Science.

description: The objective of protocol testing is to confirm that a protocol implementation under test conforms to its specification. However, in protocol test architectures that utilize multiple remote testers in a distributed environment, this objective can be complicated by the fact that testers may encounter problems relating to controllability and observability during the application of a test sequence. Solutions in literature to these problems usually involve first generating a test sequence from the specification of an implementation under test, then inserting coordination messages or appending selected test subsequences that will allow the testers to solve the controllability and observability problems. This thesis proposes a method that uses a set of transformation rules to construct a directed graph from a given specification. A transition tour of this directed graph based on a rural Chinese postman tour will result in a test sequence with no potential for controllability or observability problems, and where the use of coordination messages is either minimized or, if possible, avoided altogether.
EMI potential of multiple sources within a shielded enclosure.
Creators: name: Crawhall, Robert J. H.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: An analytic model is developed for the prediction of electromagnetic emissions potential due to multiple integrated circuits (ICs) within a shielded enclosure. Detailed analysis of radiated emissions from an IC leads to dipole representations of the sources. These dipole sources are then applied in the determination of the fields and currents induced on the inside of the enclosure. The magnitude of these disturbances is taken as a metric of electromagnetic emissions potential. The power spectral density and the radiation efficiency of the ICs are investigated. ICs are represented by magnetic and electric dipoles, the magnitude and polarization of which are determined through measurement or calculation. Green's functions are derived that relate the dipole sources to the electromagnetic disturbances induced on the walls of the enclosure. Mapping matrices are proposed that relate multiple sources to multiple points on the wall. The role of source diversity in the summing problem is discussed. A stochastic analysis of the multiple source problem determines the distribution of disturbances due to known probability distributions of significant source factors. The shielding effectiveness of enclosures is determined using perturbation models of the leakage paths driven by the disturbances calculated through the application of the mapping matrices.
Pharmacology of the inhibitory innervation in the gastroduodenum of Sprague Dawley rat: An in vivo study.
Creators: name: Glasgow, Ian.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Biology, Neuroscience.

description: Intrinsic inhibitory innervation of the mammalian gut is non-adrenergic and non-cholinergic (NANC) in nature. Candidate NANC inhibitory transmitters include ATP, VIP and nitric oxide (NO) and there is considerable evidence for multiple NANC inhibitory nerve types. The goal of the research presented here was to determine the nature of the neurotransmitter(s) mediating relaxant motor activity in the rat gastroduodenum in vivo. Duodenal motor activity was patterned into 'Grouped' (periods of intense motor activity) interposed with 'Intergroup' periods of low motor activity. Spontaneous relaxant activity in the rat gastroduodenum can thus be differentiated: antral and duodenal 'Intergroup' relaxations are NO dependent and GABA$\rm\sb{A}$ receptors mediate the pathways controlling these relaxations. The pathway(s) controlling 'Intergroup' NO relaxations involve functional ATP$\rm\sb{2y}$ receptors. 'Grouped' relaxations are mediated by ATP via ATP$\rm\sb{2x}$ receptors and are modulated by NO. Lastly, VIP can evoke relaxations of (i) the antral longitudinal smooth muscle by targeting the A-GABAergic-nitrergic pathway and (ii) the antral circular muscle either directly or via a neural pathway, both of which involve NO. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Perceptions, attitudes, and subjective norms influencing the decisions of physically frail seniors to exercise or not to exercise: An application of the theory of planned behavior.
Creators: name: Holdway, Kathleen M. B.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Gerontology.

description: Guided by the Theory of planned Behavior (TPB), this study was an exploratory investigation of attitudinal, normative, and perceptual determinants of exercise behavior among community residing older adults who reported difficulties in performing one or more activities of daily living. The objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the relationship between various components of the TPB model and exercise behavior in a sample of community-dwelling physically frail older adults aged 65 and over, and (2) to examine the differences between "low actives" and "high actives" with respect to the TPB variables and selected sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. This descriptive comparative study involved two phases: (1) instrument development to measure the TPB constructs and pilot testing on a purposive sample of 10 seniors; and (2) a cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of 99 community-dwelling seniors in the Ottawa-Carleton Region. Subjects were recruited from a variety of community settings, using both direct (in-person) and indirect (key informant) approaches. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Modelling approach for control options affecting the Campylobacter concentration in the caecal content of broilers
Creators: name: Nauta, Maarten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: campylobacter
subject: control
subject: broiler
subject: primary production
subject: biosecurity
subject: population-attributable fraction
subject: modelling
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C8779
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C125
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C1665
subject: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34329
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C21204
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C150

description: Note: on 9 June 2020 the file Campy Regression model KJ version 2.xlsx has been replaced with Campy Regression model KJ version 3.xlsx. This model was developed by Maarten Nauta and applied by the EFSA Working Group on ‘Update and review of Campylobacter control options in broilers’ during the preparatory work on the BIOHAZ Scientific Opinion on ‘Update and review of Campylobacter control options in broilers’ (https://doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6090). The linear regression model, consumer phase model (CPM) and dose (DR) model are combined and implemented in an Excel spreadsheet using the model implementation approach described by Nauta and Christensen (2011). The model allows an estimation of the relative risk reduction to be made based on a mean and standard deviation of the effect of the intervention in terms of log reduction in caecal concentration (d and sd); the regression line slope (a); the choice of an EU Member State (MS) or the EU average (for current concentrations of broiler skin after processing (mskin and sskin)); a value of the log difference between skin samples and meat (τ) ; the choice of a CPM; the choice of a DR model. A version of the model implemented in @Risk version 7.6 allows analysis of the uncertainty by providing the uncertainty of the input parameters a, d and τ, as well as the uncertainty in the choice of the MS (mskin and sskin), the choice of the CPM and the choice of the DR. Variability is included into the model analytically, uncertainty is modelled by Monte Carlo simulation, using 250.000 iterations per simulation. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of different modelling choices on the estimated effects of the selected control options.
description: EU; XLSX; biohaz@efsa.europa.eu
Synthesis of chiral bidentate aminophosphine palladium (II) complexes and their use in asymmetric cycloaddition reactions.
Creators: name: Sleiman, Nassrin.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Chemistry, Inorganic.

description: The chiral (P,N)-ligated dichloropalladium (II) complexes, cis-dichloro[(+) O-diphenylphosphino-N-methylephedrine] palladium dichloride (2.15a), cis-dichloro[(S)-Prophos] palladium dichloride (2.15b), and cis-dichloro[(S)-1-methyl-2-(diphenylphosphinomethyl)pyrrolidine] palladium dichloride (2.15c) complexes, have been synthesized and completely characterized in the solid state. The synthetic procedure involves a simple one pot reaction of equivalent amounts of (CH3CN) 2PdCl2 and the corresponding ligand. These complexes are active precatalysts for the cycloaddition reactions of aziridines and heterocumulenes, yielding imidazolidinimines (2.34, X=NAr) for the case of carbodiimides. The cycloaddition reactions of aziridines and isocyanates are dependent on the catalyst used. When 2.15b is the catalyst, one product (imidazolidinones 2.34, X=O) is formed. However, when either 2.15(a,c) are used, two products (imidazolidinones 2.34, X=O and oxazolidinimines 2.35, X=O) are formed. Catalysts 2.15(a--c) failed to provide stereoselectivity. The one pot reaction of (CH3CN) 2PdCl2 and two equivalents of the chiral aminophosphinite ligand L*, [L* = (+)O-diphenylphosphino-N-methylephedrine (2.2), (S)-1-methyl-2-(diphenylphosphinomethyl) pyrrolidine (2.8)] resulted in the formation of [Ph2P(O)PdL*Cl] 2.18(a,c). A mechanism was proposed explaining the formation of the phosphine oxide moiety [Ph2P(O)] in these complexes. The structure of 2.18a was confirmed by an X-Ray crystal structure determination. The geometry of the compound is square planar with a slight distortion caused by the "trans-influence" of the phosphorus groups, causing them to be cis to each other.* *Please refer to dissertation for diagrams.
A comparison of endogenous versus exogenous heating on the subsequent development of hypothermia.
Creators: name: Scott, Christopher G.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Rehabilitation and Therapy.

description: This study investigated the effect of endogenous and exogenous heating on body core cooling rate, afterdrop and re-warming rate in humans during subsequent cold-water immersion. On three separate days, following 30 min baseline resting at an ambient temperature of 25°C, seven subjects were either: (1) seated upright for 15 min rest (Control); (2) exercised 15 min on a cycle ergometer at 70% VO2 max (Exercise); or, (3) immersed 16.8 +/- 6.2 min in warm water (40°C) (Warm-water immersion) to an esophageal temperature (TES) similar to that of end of exercise. Subjects were then cooled in water (7°C) to a TES of 34.5°C and rewarmed by spontaneous shivering (shivering thermogenesis) in air. There was a 1.3-fold increase in the overall body core cooling rate during Exercise as compared to Control (P < 0.01). Warm-water immersion demonstrated the largest difference in overall cooling rate above Exercise and Control with a 2.5- and 3.3-fold increase, respectively (P < 0.01). The greatest difference between trials occurred within the initial 15 min (i.e., a 2.0- and 4.9-fold increase above Control for Exercise and Warm-water immersion, respectively). There was no significant difference in the TES afterdrop (∼0.5°C) nor afterdrop duration (∼15 min). Similarly, rewarming rates were almost identical under all conditions (∼3.1°C·h-1). These data show that pre-warming can have a detrimental effect on survival time during a subsequent cold-water immersion.
Punching strengthening of reinforced concrete slabs with CFRP
Creators: name: Saleh, Haifa
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The main objective of this research was to assess different strengthening material in improving the punching shear capacity of slabs. Behaviour of slabs with different strengthening methods was examined via two phases of the experimental program, followed by extensive numerical simulations and parametric studies. The first phase of this research studied punching shear behaviour of HSC slabs by testing three large-scale RC slabs, simulating an interior slab-column connection. The second phase of this research investigated the efficiency of using L-CFRP laminate as shear reinforcement on the punching shear behaviour of slabs by testing four large-scale RC slabs.
On the mechanical characterization of a class of viscoelastic materials using a dynamic system approach.
Creators: name: Yu, Ping.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Mechanical.

description: The present research aims at the use of the dynamic system approach for the characterization of the mechanical response of linear viscoelastic materials. The new and basic idea of the research is to consider the viscoelastic material as a dynamic system. Starting with this concept, the research is carried out according to the following steps: (1) Developing a method for the identification of a general dynamic system. Discrete-time system analysis is introduced to achieve this goal. (2) Extending the method mentioned under (1) above to characterize the creep (or relaxation) function of the viscoelastic material from the measurements of the strain (or stress) output and the corresponding rate of the stress (or strain) input signals. (3) Extending the method further to characterize the creep (or relaxation) function directly from the measurements of the strain (or stress) output and the corresponding stress (or strain) input signals. In this part, the linear viscoelastic material is considered as a dynamic system. From this point of view, a dynamic system identification method is developed for the determination of the creep or relaxation function of the material from dynamic experimental measurements. First, the relation between the creep or relaxation function and the transfer function of the system is established by assuming a model of rational functions of polynomials for the transfer function. Second, a discrete-time system analysis method is introduced to identify the order and parameters of the proposed model from the discrete-time series of both the input and output signals. The numerical examples dealt with in the thesis show that the proposed procedure is reasonable and the models are accurate and efficient.
Landscape review of current HIV ‘kick and kill’ cure research - some kicking, not enough killing
Creators: name: Thorlund, Kristian
name: Horwitz, Marc S.
name: Fife, Brian T.
name: Lester, Richard T.
name: Cameron, D. William
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Background: Current antiretroviral therapy (ART) used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients is life-long because it only suppresses de novo infections. Recent efforts to eliminate HIV have tested the ability of a number of agents to reactivate (‘Kick’) the well-known latent reservoir. This approach is rooted in the assumption that once these cells are reactivated the host’s immune system itself will eliminate (‘Kill’) the virus. While many agents have been shown to reactivate large quantities of the latent reservoir, the impact on the size of the latent reservoir has been negligible. This suggests that the immune system is not sufficient to eliminate reactivated reservoirs. Thus, there is a need for more emphasis on ‘kill’ strategies in HIV cure research, and how these might work in combination with current or future kick strategies. Methods: We conducted a landscape review of HIV ‘cure’ clinical trials using ‘kick and kill’ approaches. We identified and reviewed current available clinical trial results in human participants as well as ongoing and planned clinical trials. We dichotomized trials by whether they did not include or include a ‘kill’ agent. We extracted potential reasons why the ‘kill’ is missing from current ‘kick and kill’ strategies. We subsequently summarized and reviewed current ‘kill’ strategies have entered the phase of clinical trial testing in human participants and highlighted those with the greatest promise. Results: The identified ‘kick’ trials only showed promise on surrogate measures activating latent T-cells, but did not show any positive effects on clinical ‘cure’ measures. Of the ‘kill’ agents currently being tested in clinical trials, early results have shown small but meaningful proportions of participants remaining off ART for several months with broadly neutralizing antibodies, as well as agents for regulating immune cell responses. A similar result was also recently observed in a trial combining a conventional ‘kick’ with a vaccine immune booster (‘kill’). Conclusion: While an understanding of the efficacy of each individual component is crucial, no single ‘kick’ or ‘kill’ agent is likely to be a fully effective cure. Rather, the solution is likely found in a combination of multiple ‘kick and kill’ interventions.
Implementation of a Phase Detection Algorithm for Dynamic Cardiac Computed Tomography Analysis Based on Time Dependent Contrast Agent Distribution
Creators: name: Kendziorra, Carsten
name: Meyer, Henning
name: Dewey, Marc
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: This paper presents a phase detection algorithm for four-dimensional (4D) cardiac computed tomography (CT) analysis. The algorithm detects a phase, i.e. a specific three-dimensional (3D) image out of several time-distributed 3D images, with high contrast in the left ventricle and low contrast in the right ventricle. The purpose is to use the automatically detected phase in an existing algorithm that automatically aligns the images along the heart axis. Decision making is based on the contrast agent distribution over time. It was implemented in KardioPerfusion – a software framework currently being developed for 4D CT myocardial perfusion analysis. Agreement of the phase detection algorithm with two reference readers was 97% (95% CI: 82–100%). Mean duration for detection was 0.020 s (95% CI: 0.018–0.022 s), which was times less than the readers needed (s, ). Thus, this algorithm is an accurate and fast tool that can improve work flow of clinical examinations.
Small area variations in surgical rates: Simulation as an aid in interpretation of findings.
Creators: name: Howard, Andrew William.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistics.

description: Purpose. To explore Monte Carlo simulation for interpretation of small area variations in surgical rates. Methods. Simulation was used to generate sets of surgical rates under the null hypothesis of equal rates. The distributions of the extremal quotient, coefficient of variation, chi square, systematic component of variation, and case count were described. The null hypothesis was modified to allow reasonable variability. Results. The chi-square, CV, and CC had interpretable values and adequate power over the range of parameters tested. The EQ and the SCV did not. Only two of the five operations studied had greater variability than expected under a modified null hypothesis, compared with five out of five under traditional testing. Conclusions. Simulation can estimate the distributions of nonstandard statistics. The new defined case count adds valuable policy-relevant information. Modification of the null hypothesis improves decisions about which variations need further investigation.
Differentiation of Psychopathy and Sexualization in Sexual Offenders, Non-Sexual Offenders, and Non-Offenders
Creators: name: Wood, Chelsea
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2019
Subjects: sexual coercion
psychopathy
sexualization
sexual offending
Sexual Behavior

description: This study examined differential levels of psychopathy and sexualization among samples of sexual offenders, non-sexual offenders, and non-offenders. The current study also examined the role of sexual coercion in the domains of psychopathy and sexualization. Adult males convicted of sexual crimes, adult males convicted of nonsexual crimes, and adult males with no criminal histories were administered the Multidimensional Assessment of Sex and Aggression (MASA). Participants self-reported within the MASA whether or not they had every used coercion or force to attempt or complete sexual intercourse with a woman. On all scales of psychopathy and sexualization, sexual offenders and nonsexual offenders were statistically significantly higher than non-offender controls. Regardless of criminality, individuals who were convicted of sexually coercive crimes and individuals who reported sexually coercive behavior were significantly higher on all psychopathy and sexualization scales than their non-coercive counterparts.
Modeling Geometric Design Consistency Measures Using Instrumented Vehicles for Two-Lane Rural Highways
Creators: name: Malaghan, Vinayak Devendra
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The horizontal alignment design plays an important role in road safety as significant number of crashes are reported on the horizontal curves and tangent-to-curve transitions. For safe manoeuvre, it is essential to achieve consistent operating speed depending on the driver's expectations instead of designer's perception. This research aims to develop and evaluate the models that can be used to assess the geometric design consistency using a novel data collection methodology that relies on instrumented vehicles. The comfort threshold model is helpful for highway designers in determining the margin of safety between the estimated comfort thresholds and recommended side friction demand.