cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Slides Presentation: Just like Biobanks? A New Approach to Human Osteological Collections.
Creators: name: Alves-Cardoso, Francisca
name: Riso, Brígida
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Human remains
biobanks
ethics
heritage

description: Presented at: 28th Annual Meeting of the European Association of Archaeologists (EAA), Budapeste, Hungria, 31 Agosto a 3 September European Association of Archaeologists (EAA) (Budapest, Hungria) This presentation forwards a new understanding of Human Osteological Collections (HOC), their role in advancing science, and their importance as agents of research agendas. Rather than framing HOC exclusively within cultural heritage and archaeological contexts, it expands their profile into the arena of biological and medical sciences, bringing a different perspective that may have implications on current practices and decision-making on storing human remains (regardless of their provenance), and consequently in societal policy-making. To achieve this, we will draw a comparison with the notion of biobanks – repositories of human biological samples associated both with personal and medical data. It explores how HOC would fit into this concept, specifically identified HOC, since these contain human remains and associated biographical data (e.g. sex, age, cause of death, and other information). Additionally, the ongoing academic discussion on the definition and provenance of samples/remains incorporated into HOC is not far from biobanks. As so, expanding the profile of HOC sets in motion the need to consider additional ethical, social, legal and practical issues when considering the storing and accessibility of HOC and associated data, as it happens with biobanks. Furthermore, we will address this latter point by combining the "cultural heritage" framework. This new approach to HOC raises questions that have not been considered to date, and that may impact curation and preservation practices and policies, by establishing HOC as relevant, reliable, and valuable resources for research. Keywords: Human remains; biobanks; ethics; heritage; material culture.
description: Funding: Francisca Alves Cardoso is supported by FCT within the scope of CRIA - Centro em Rede de Investigação em Antropologia (UIDB/04038/2020) Strategic Development Plan. FAC research is associated to the research projects Bone Matters / Matérias Ósseas (IF/00127/2014/CP1233/CT0003/ funded by FCT/Portugal), and Life After Death: Rethinking Human Remains and Human Osteological Collections as Cultural Heritage and Biobanks (2020.01014.CEECIND / funded by FCT/Portugal). Brígida Riso is currently supported by European Union's Horizon 2020 under grant agreement no 952377, project ERA Chair iSTARS.
The technological and scientific development of ASKAP
Creators: name: Koribalski, B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Science results from pilot surveys with the full 36-antenna Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) have increased strongly over the last few years. This trend is likely to continue with full surveys scheduled to commence later this year. Thanks to novel Phased Array Feeds each ASKAP pointing covers around 30 square degr, making it a fast survey machine delivering high-resolution radio images of the sky. Among recent science highlights are the studies of neutral hydrogen in the Magellanic Clouds as well as nearby galaxy groups and clusters, catalogs of millions of radio continuum sources, the discovery of odd radio circles, and the localization of fast radio bursts, to name just a few. To demonstrate the ASKAP survey speed we also conducted the Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey (RACS) covering the whole sky south of declination +41 degr at 15 arcsec resolution.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures, invited ASKAP review at the 3rd URSI AT-AP-RASC, Gran Canaria, 29 May - 3 June 2022
Causality Analysis of Terms of Trade and Economic Growth of Five East African Countries: Vector Auto-regressive Approach
Creators: name: Ahmed, Yekin
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis analyses causal linkages between terms of trade and economic growth in five East African countries using annual data for the time period 1980-2009. It also analyses the impacts of openness and financial development on economic growth and terms of trade. To achieve these objectives: unit root (ADF and PP tests), co integration (Johansen's procedure), and Grangercausality (Wald coefficient restriction test, 2 and F- statistics) are carried out. The results of the unit root tests show that the series of the interest are stationary in first differences. Co-integration and causality between terms of trade and economic growth are tested and compared using two types of bi-variate vector autoregressive models: models without exogenous variables VAR (p), and models with exogenous variables VARX (p, b). The results of co-integration tests on both types of bi-variate models show that two Granger-causality alternative models (VAR in first difference and Error Correction Models) fit for this study. In both types of models, Grangercausality (unidirectional or bidirectional causations) between terms of trade and economic growth are tested using Chi – square and F – statistics from Wald coefficient restriction test: terms of trade causes GDP and GDP causes TOT hypotheses are accepted in all countries investigated more for VARX (p, b) than for VAR(p). Openness, in this study, is found to result in negative growth in Ethiopia, Burundi and Rwanda and in positive growth in Sudan and Kenya; and also found to deteriorate terms of trade of Ethiopia and Rwanda while it has no impact on terms of trade of other countries. The economic growth impact of financial development is positive for Burundi and Kenya whereas, it is negative for Rwanda and insignificant for Ethiopia and Sudan. The terms of trade impact of financial development is positive for Burundi and Kenya, negative for Rwanda and null For Ethiopia and Sudan. This study lends support to export friendly outward and inward oriented policies whose long term impacts are yet to be observed.
A step further in bioremediation: mycoremediation for soil recovery
Creators: name: Bagnato, Fiora
name: Ciacciarelli, Rachele
name: Crognale, Silvia
name: D'Annibale, Alessandro
name: Lelli, Davide
name: Petruccioli, Maurizio
name: Villani, Federico
name: Bonfedi, Guido
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: LIFE MySOIL project presentation delivered by Fiora Bagnato, from Eni Rewind, and Davide Lelli, from the University of La Tuscia (UNITUS) during Ecomondo 2022, which was held between November 7th-10th, 2022, in Rimini (Italy).
description: This project has received funding from the LIFE Programme of the European Commission under contract number LIFE20 ENV/ES/000416.
title: Evaluation of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) focused to Septoria petroselini and Plasmopara petroselini causing Septoria blight and downy mildew
Creators: name: Marthe, Frank
name: Bruchmüller, Tobias
name: Börner, Andreas
name: Lohwasser, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2016

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv 453
The Performance of Privatized Public Enterprises in Ethiopia: The Case of Hotel Enterprises
Creators: name: Tenaw, Aweke
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2011

description: Ethiopia has been in the process of privatization since 1995.Since then, a total of 287 firms were transferred from the public to the private sector for which 34 are Hotel enterprises. The primary objective of privatization in Ethiopia is to generate revenue that enables to finance the development activities under gone by the government. The total revenue obtained from the Privatization program has a share less than 6% of the government expenditure for the year 2009/10 and revenue from privatization of hotel enterprises is insignificant to finance the government budget. This proves that the privatization program of Ethiopia never achieves its objective of generating revenue. The effect of privatization program of Ethiopia in the case of employment is consistent with the theory. Most hotel firms reduce the number of work employees during the contract time. It is expected that privatization can bring better economic development by increasing investment, enhancing technological transformation and so on. But the capital expenditure on investment is so limited that it does not bring forth development. Therefore privatization in Ethiopia does not meet its objectives due to poor implementation of the existing proclamations.
Determinants of Child Labor and Schooling in Rural Households of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Wubale, Tseganesh
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2011

description: Ethiopia is characterized by high incidence of child labour and low school enrollment. There is no specialized body with the primary responsibility of mitigating child labour; even worse, the existing legal provisions about child rights are far from implementation in the rural parts of the country where the vast majority of the children reside and where child labour is pervasive. With the objective of investigating factors that determine child labour and schooling the study adopted a more inclusive definition of child work. Using the seventh round Ethiopian Rural Household Survey data the study adopted multinomial logit (MNL) model to estimate child work-schooling outcomes. The results from the empirical analysis suggest that both economic and sociological factors are important determinants of child labour and school attendance in rural Ethiopia. The main findings from the study are the existence of positive and significant association between child work and number of infants and biological relationship to the household head while age and education level of the household head, household size and average schooling level of the community, among others, having significant but negative effect on child work specialization. The major determinants of school attendance include education level of the household head, eqqub membership of household, average schooling level in the peasant association and distance to school. The finding that some of the variables (number of adults, number of infants, access to loan) affect work-school outcomes differently for boys and girls shows the presence of gender bias. From policy perspective, provision of productive and labour saving assets, instituting saving and credit associations and investment in educational infrastructure should deserve essential place in the move to curb child labour and promote school attendance.
Determinants of Gross Domestic Saving: An Empirical Evidence From east Africa
Creators: name: Gmichael, Weldemariam
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: The objective of this paper was to investigate the determinants of gross domestic saving in the Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda using annual panel datasets form 1991-2012.In this study, effort has been made to identify the fundamental determinants of domestic saving in the region of East Africa using the Fixed Effects (FE) model. Estimated results revealed that GDP per capita growth (gdpp) and degree of urbanization (urb) are the only significant determinants of gross domestic saving in the region. However, inflation rate, working age group as a percentage of total population (py), age dependency ratio to working age (agedp), money and quasi money as a percentage of GDP (m2), and government expenditure as a percentage of GDP (ggov) are found to be not statistically significant at the conventional levels. It seems fairly imperative to suggest that governments should give amplified concern for GDP per capita growth and degree of urbanization more than other candidates if they are in a position to design policies for the sake of boosting up domestic savings. On the other hand, this in turn, may be boosting up sustainable economic growth through encouraging investment over the region of interest. Key Words: Lifecycle/Permanent-income theory; gross domestic saving; panel data, fixed effects; East Africa
An Economic Survey of the Northern Lake States Region: Statistical Supplement to Agricultural Economic Report No. 108
Creators: name: Perkinson, Leon B.
name: Perkinson, Leon B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1969
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Consumer/Household Economics
Financial Economics
Labor and Human Capital
Public Economics

description: Excerpts from the report Preface: This statistical supplement was prepared to aid public and private groups and individuals interested in stimulating economic growth in the Lake States--Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin. Its main purpose is to bring together a broad array of social and economic data from many sources to provide a basic handbook of county, substate, and State data. Those interested in a summary and analysis of the Region are referred to An Economic Survey of the Northern Lake States Region, by R. Loomis and M. Wirth (Agr. Econ. Rpt. 108, U.S. Dept. Agr., Feb. 1967).
description: In cooperation with Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station / Michigan State University
Periódicos de Acesso Aberto e taxas de processamento de artigos: análise das publicações científicas dos Institutos Federais do Nordeste do Brasil
Creators: name: Nascimento, Bruna Laís Campos do
name: Felipe, Carla Beatriz Marques
name: Silva, Fábio Mascarenhas e
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão "Pecha Kucha II" da 14ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, Natal Brasil, de 18 a 21 de setembro de 2023.
The Effect of Climate Change Induced Productivity Change On Food Security and Food Market of Ethiopia: CGE Modeling
Creators: name: Kebede, Wondmunegn
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2012

description: Ethiopia is known as food insufficient country. It depends mainly on its agricultural sector for food production which is rainfall dependent. The performance of this sector has remained low mainly because of recurrent drought inherently happened as a result of climate change. Owing to the variability of the rainfall and temperature in the country, Climate change is anticipated to have an impact on the productivity of the agricultural sector. The thesis is therefore simulates the effect of climate change induced agricultural productivity change on food security and food market of Ethiopia. A recursive dynamic CGE model is used with three climate scenarios (CGCM2, PCM and HadCM3). In the finding, it is revealed that food availability problem is stressed from a decline in per capita food production with negative yield growth elasticity and an increase in food supply price under climate change. In addition, food access problem is also hassled with a reduction in per capita income and per capita food consumption expenditure. In a nutshell, food poverty is intensified from general welfare loss under climate change. The HadCM3 climate projection provides the worst scenario followed by the CGCM2 climate forecasting. It has generalized that climate change will be the main challenge to the future on the food security problem of Ethiopia. Finally, the paper recommended that climate change adaptation is required to create resilience capacity; diversification of the income source for both the rural and urban households and improving the farming technology and practice is suggested. It is also required to expand farm irrigation, develop road infrastructure, establishing efficient climate forecasting and communication technology, and improving market efficiency.
The Relationship between Imports and GDP Growth in Ethiopia: An Empirical Analysis
Creators: name: Pawlos, Sewasew
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2002

description: In this study, the relationship between import and GDP growth, and the contribution of imported intermediate and capital goods to economic growth during the period 1960/61- 1999/2000 in Ethiopia is studied. Cointegration and error correction mechanisms are used so as to separate the long run and short run relationship between import and GDP. The effect of imported intermediate and capital goods on economic growth (measured by real GDP) is also studied using the same procedure. The estimated cointegrating vectors using Johansen's cointegrating approach indicates that the long run elasticity of imports with respect to real GDP is positive but it is insignificant at 5 percent level of significance. On the other hand, real international reserve is found to affect imports positively and significantly. However, the short run elasticity of imports with respect to real GDP is positive and significant. The policy implication of the short run high-income elasticity of imports is that policies of aggregate demand or stabilization may not improve the balance of payment position.The results of the estimation of imported intermediate and capital goods on economic growth indicate that in the long run imported intermediate goods positively and significantly affect real GDP. However, in the short run, the change in imported intermediate goods before one year has a positive and significant effect on the change in current real GDP.
Aligning Kitwood’s model of person-centered dementia care with music therapy practice
Creators: name: Kelly, Lisa
name: AHESSY, BILL
name: RICHARDSON, ITA
name: Moss, Hilary
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: Music

description: Person-centered dementia care has been extensively integrated into music therapy practice; its central aim being to meet the core psychological needs of people with dementia, uphold personhood, and contribute to enhanced quality of life. Furthermore, Kitwood’s model has been widely referenced as the theoretical framework underpinning multiple studies with people with dementia. However, few studies explore it in more concrete terms, expand on how it is implemented in practice, or describe how “positive person work” can be facilitated in music therapy with this population. This paper aims to address these lacunae, by presenting a comprehensive overview of Kitwood’s model; identifying how it has informed music therapy practice, and highlighting current applications of “person-centered music therapy” in relation to meeting the core psychological needs of people with dementia. Furthermore, the authors present practical considerations on facilitating “positive person work” in music therapy, drawing on their experiences of providing music therapy in dementia care.
Position-aware Structure Learning for Graph Topology-imbalance by Relieving Under-reaching and Over-squashing
Creators: name: Sun, Qingyun
name: Li, Jianxin
name: Yuan, Haonan
name: Fu, Xingcheng
name: Peng, Hao
name: Ji, Cheng
name: Li, Qian
name: Yu, Philip S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Topology-imbalance is a graph-specific imbalance problem caused by the uneven topology positions of labeled nodes, which significantly damages the performance of GNNs. What topology-imbalance means and how to measure its impact on graph learning remain under-explored. In this paper, we provide a new understanding of topology-imbalance from a global view of the supervision information distribution in terms of under-reaching and over-squashing, which motivates two quantitative metrics as measurements. In light of our analysis, we propose a novel position-aware graph structure learning framework named PASTEL, which directly optimizes the information propagation path and solves the topology-imbalance issue in essence. Our key insight is to enhance the connectivity of nodes within the same class for more supervision information, thereby relieving the under-reaching and over-squashing phenomena. Specifically, we design an anchor-based position encoding mechanism, which better incorporates relative topology position and enhances the intra-class inductive bias by maximizing the label influence. We further propose a class-wise conflict measure as the edge weights, which benefits the separation of different node classes. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superior potential and adaptability of PASTEL in enhancing GNNs' power in different data annotation scenarios.
description: Accepted by CIKM 2022
The Impact of Education on Farm and Off-Farm Income in Rural Households of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Mekonnen, Yalew
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2011

description: This study analyses the impact of education on farm and off- farm income of rural households of Ethiopia. The study is conducted to analyze how education of the household affects the labor allocation and hence the income of the rural households of Ethiopia. Farm household model is constructed to see how farm households allocate their time to farm and off-farm activities. The Seventh round Ethiopian Rural Household Survey data, collected by the School of Economics, Addis Ababa University, in collaboration with other organizations is used for analysis. The labor allocation of the households in to farm and off- farm activities is affected by average education of the household. In addition the household head's education alone also affects labor allocation of the household. As the households get more education, they reduce labor supply to farm and increase it to off-farm wage employment. The effect of education goes beyond determining labor allocation; it also affects farm and off--farm income. Even though education reduces labor allocation to farm, its overall effect on farm income is positive. This finding suggests that expanding education in rural increases farm income, though it reduces on farm labor supply. Therefore, expansion of education in rural Ethiopia is important to improve farm income and alleviate poverty.
title: РЕПЛИКА В ДИЗАЙНЕ: ИНДУСТРИАЛЬНАЯ ПОЛЕМИКА МЕЖДУ ЭФФЕКТИВНЫМ И ЭФФЕКТНЫМ
Creators: name: Варакина, Галина
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: В статье рассмотрен феномен реплики, связанный с буквальным или свободным воспроизведением иконических объектов дизайна. Актуальность данной темы обусловлена не только парадоксом распространенности данного явления наряду с его малой изученностью, но и значимостью в контексте современной культуры. Реплика, как воплощенная дизайнерская идея, поставленная на поток и адаптированная к потребителю с усредненными духовными и художественными запросами и материальными возможностями, нами осмысливается как симулякр культурных ценностей, реализованных доступными средствами. Тем самым, данный феномен выступает как одна из форм китча. Однако метод репликации встречается и в «высоком» дизайне, как выразительный прием на грани иронии и гротеска. Эта двойственность усиливается терминологической неопределенностью: повторение, реплика, ре-дизайн.
A step further in bioremediation: mycoremediation for soil recovery
Creators: name: Diamantino, Jorge
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: LIFE MySOIL project presentation delivered by Jorge Diamantino, from KEPLER Ingeniería y Ecogestión, during the World Soil Day, event organised by the Regional Government of Andalusia on December 1st, 2022.
description: This project has received funding from the LIFE Programme of the European Commission under contract number LIFE20 ENV/ES/000416.
The Impact of Foreign Capital Inflows on Economic Growth, Savings, and Investment in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Wubu, Wondwesen
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2011

description: This study analyzes the effect of Foreign Capital Inflow (FCI) on the economic growth, saving and investment in Ethiopia for the period 1974/75 to 2008/09. Empirical analysis has been performed by using Johansen Maximum likelihood method. The main result shows that foreign aid has a significant and positive effect on economic growth in the long run as well as in the short run. It has also positive and statistically significant effect on investment in the long run. However, aid has insignificant and negative effect on saving in the long run while it has significantly negative influence in the short run. The net FDI has negative impact on economic growth in both long and short run where as Foreign direct investment has positive and statistically significant effect on saving both in the long and short run. The result further reveals that net FDI has insignificant but positive effect on investment. In the context of policy recommendations, it is clear that aid contributes positively to economic growth both in the long run and short run. So, Ethiopia should focus on aid for the sake of economic growth. In addition, attention should be given in improving the political environment so as to raise the aggregate investment.
Genealogies and Research Networks in Forensic Anthropology: Hidden biases and Ethical Concerns
Creators: name: Alves-Cardoso, Francisca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Presented @VIII Congresso da Associação Portuguesa de Antropologia Short Abstract: In the last 20 years, scientific publications based on forensic anthropology have increased significantly. These testify to the rising profile of research, methodological developments and diversification of institutions, scholars and other stakeholders involved in Forensic Anthropology research (FAR). This paper explores the profile of those involved in the FAR. Long Abstract: Scientific publications based on forensic anthropology have increased significantly in the last 20 years, testifying to the growing landscape of research agendas, scholarly research, methodological increments, and teaching developments. Forensic Anthropology (FA) has become a buzzword in higher education institutes, and amongst undergraduate and postgraduate students, with its impact expanding beyond academia. This paper explores the profile of those involved in the FA research. It will explore this via the analysis of data associated with peer-review Journals. It will target major journals that publish FA research, within the timeframe comprehending 2010-2021/2022. Data will 1) identify who (individuals and institutions) is publishing in Forensic Anthropology (FA); 2) identify research agendas/topics, as well as repeated/duplicated research agendas/topics and reviews; 3) identify major funding bodies Results will highlight singular scholars, research networks and institutions, quantifying research outputs, further identifying networks, institutional and funding biases. It will also allow pinpointing intertwined relationships that may bias/act on science production that may not be transparent to scholars. This approach will identify hidden biases, discussed within the framework of ethical concerns on research, and scientific research driven by the analysis and curation of human remains.
description: Funding: Francisca Alves Cardoso is supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologoa (FCT) within the scope of CRIA - Centro em Rede de Investigação em Antropologia (UIDB/04038/2020) Strategic Development Plan & Research project Life After Death: Rethinking Human Remains and Human Osteological Collections as Cultural Heritage and Biobanks (2020.01014.CEECIND / funded by FCT/Portugal).
The Determinant of Aggregate Import Demand in Ethiopia: Co Integration Analysis.
Creators: name: Otoro, Wubshet
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2008

description: In this paper, the determinant of Ethiopia aggregate demand is studies using yearly data in the period 1971/2 to 2006/7. The main objective of the paper is to identify the main determinant of Ethiopia import and the relative elasticity of explanatory variables. The augmented dickey fuller and Phillips Peron test is used to test the unit root test. Johansen co integration and error correction model is employed on yearly data in order to approve the existence of long run relationship and to identify the long run and short run relationship. The main finding is that, in the long run Ethiopia import is mainly affected by real effective exchange rate, real gross domestic product and relative price. It shows elastic import demand with respect to explanatory variables except relative price. The sign of real effective exchange rate is unexpected in the long run. The short run adjustment coefficient is identified and has a correct negative sign; however, most of the coefficients of short run variables are statistically insignificant. The implication of the finding is that, ineffectiveness exchange rate policy in the long run, effectiveness of pricing policy and difficulty of substituting imported goods by domestic product.
The Escarpão Plateau (South of Portugal) – A study case of nesting geosites from the aspiring algarvensis geopark
Creators: name: Veiga-Pires, Cristina
name: Oliveira, Sónia
name: Moura, Delminda
name: Pereira, Luís
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The plateau is deeply scarved by the Quarteira Rivulet forming a valley that crosses the most complete sedimentary sequence of the Upper Jurassic of the Eastern Algarve (161,2 to 145,5 million years) (Terrinha et al., 2006). This sequence includes five geological formations representing different depths of carbonate ramp deposition from the Tethys Sea: Peral Formation, Jordana Formation, Cerro da Cabeça Formation, Escarpão Formation and Limestone Formation with Anchispirocyclina lusitanica (foraminifera), from the oldest to the most recent at the top (Fig. 2) (Leinfelder et al., 2005; Ramalho,2015; Terrinha et al., 2006). Throughout the Quaternary Period, the karst processes shaped a landscape of sparse and poor soils in which successive generations knew how to adapt their subsistence agriculture and way of life.
Analysis of Households' Preferences For improved Solid Waste Management in Adama Town: Application of Choice Modeling
Creators: name: Berihun, Yonas
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2010

description: In recent years, the generation of solid waste is increasing in Adama town due to rapid urbanization and population growth. Currently, out of the total waste generated in the town about 50-60 % is properly collected and disposed. The remaining amount of the waste is disposed on open spaces, streets and drainage channels along roadsides of the town. This uncollected solid waste in many places of the town may have serious adverse effect on public health and environmental quality. Moreover, the formal dumpsite, located some 8 km away from the center of the town, does not appear to have proper measures to control runoffs from rain fall. Thus, conducting a study on the demand for improved solid waste collection and disposal services is essential. The principal objective of this study is to analyze households' preferences for improved solid waste management in Adama town. Different solid waste management options are defined by the service attributes of frequency of waste collection from households, separation of waste at source, pollution control measures at the dumpsite and monthly service charge. The study employed the choice modeling technique, which is a stated preference method for the valuation of non-marketed environmental goods and services. The survey was administered on a random sample of 188 households in the town. The data was analyzed using Multinomial Logit and Random Parameter Logit models. The results of the study revealed that improvement in the levels of all the non-monetary attributes of the service increase the utility of respondents. In addition, households with higher monthly total income, larger family size, as well as respondents with higher levels of education favor the improved plans of solid waste management more frequently. Furthermore, households have a positive willingness to pay for improvement in the level of each non-monetary attribute. In conclusion, households in Adama town are willing to pay for improved solid waste collection and disposal services. The implication is that any policy directed towards the provision of effective solid waste management in the town should incorporate demand side information.
Rotor-Router Walk on a Semi-infinite Cylinder
Creators: name: Papoyan, Vl. V.
name: Poghosyan, V. S.
name: Priezzhev, V. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the rotor-router walk with the clockwise ordering of outgoing edges on the semi-infinite cylinder. Imposing uniform conditions on the boundary of the cylinder, we consider growth of the cluster of visited sites and its internal structure. The average width of the surface region of the cluster evolves with time to the stationary value by a scaling law whose parameters are close to the standard KPZ exponents. We introduce characteristic labels corresponding to closed clockwise contours formed by rotors and show that the sequence of labels has in average an ordered helix structure.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Complex-Valued Kernel Methods for Regression
Creators: name: Boloix-Tortosa, Rafael
name: Murillo-Fuentes, Juan José
name: Velázquez, Irene Santos
name: Pérez-Cruz, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Usually, complex-valued RKHS are presented as an straightforward application of the real-valued case. In this paper we prove that this procedure yields a limited solution for regression. We show that another kernel, here denoted as pseudo kernel, is needed to learn any function in complex-valued fields. Accordingly, we derive a novel RKHS to include it, the widely RKHS (WRKHS). When the pseudo-kernel cancels, WRKHS reduces to complex-valued RKHS of previous approaches. We address the kernel and pseudo-kernel design, paying attention to the kernel and the pseudo-kernel being complex-valued. In the experiments included we report remarkable improvements in simple scenarios where real a imaginary parts have different similitude relations for given inputs or cases where real and imaginary parts are correlated. In the context of these novel results we revisit the problem of non-linear channel equalization, to show that the WRKHS helps to design more efficient solutions.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
At Ease with Your Warnings: The Principles of the Salutogenesis Model Applied to Automatic Static Analysis
Creators: name: Ostberg, Jan-Peter
name: Wagner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The results of an automatic static analysis run can be overwhelming, especially for beginners. The overflow of information and the resulting need for many decisions is mentally tiring and can cause stress symptoms. There are several models in health care which are designed to fight stress. One of these is the salutogenesis model created by Aaron Antonovsky. In this paper, we will present an idea on how to transfer this model into a triage and recommendation model for static analysis tools and give an example of how this can be implemented in FindBugs, a static analysis tool for Java.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
FCN-Transformer Feature Fusion for Polyp Segmentation
Creators: name: Sanderson, Edward
name: Matuszewski, Bogdan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Colonoscopy is widely recognised as the gold standard procedure for the early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Segmentation is valuable for two significant clinical applications, namely lesion detection and classification, providing means to improve accuracy and robustness. The manual segmentation of polyps in colonoscopy images is time-consuming. As a result, the use of deep learning (DL) for automation of polyp segmentation has become important. However, DL-based solutions can be vulnerable to overfitting and the resulting inability to generalise to images captured by different colonoscopes. Recent transformer-based architectures for semantic segmentation both achieve higher performance and generalise better than alternatives, however typically predict a segmentation map of $\frac{h}{4}\times\frac{w}{4}$ spatial dimensions for a $h\times w$ input image. To this end, we propose a new architecture for full-size segmentation which leverages the strengths of a transformer in extracting the most important features for segmentation in a primary branch, while compensating for its limitations in full-size prediction with a secondary fully convolutional branch. The resulting features from both branches are then fused for final prediction of a $h\times w$ segmentation map. We demonstrate our method's state-of-the-art performance with respect to the mDice, mIoU, mPrecision, and mRecall metrics, on both the Kvasir-SEG and CVC-ClinicDB dataset benchmarks. Additionally, we train the model on each of these datasets and evaluate on the other to demonstrate its superior generalisation performance.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Magnetic Diagnostics of the Solar Chromosphere with the Mg II h-k Lines
Creators: name: Alemán, Tanausú del Pino
name: Casini, Roberto
name: Sainz, Rafael Manso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the formation of the Mg II h-k doublet in a weakly magnetized atmosphere (20-100 G) using a newly developed numerical code for polarized RT in a plane-parallel geometry, which implements a recent formulation of partially coherent scattering by polarized multi-term atoms in arbitrary magnetic field regimes. Our results confirm the importance of partial redistribution effects in the formation of the Mg II h and k lines, as pointed out by previous work in the non-magnetic case. We show that the presence of a magnetic field can produce measurable modifications of the broadband linear polarization even for relatively small field strengths (~10 G), while the circular polarization remains well represented by the classical magnetograph formula. Both these results open an important new window for the weak-field diagnostics of the upper solar atmosphere.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, accepted
Potential Market Structure, Competition, Liberalization and Trade in Services after Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs): The Case of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Fisseha, Yemesrach
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2010

description: The conception of market led international trade as a means to mutual benefits for all engaged bodies is a truth rooted in the invisible hand notion of Adam Smith (1776). Carrying on this 18th century factual understanding of free trade and aiming at realizing the full benefits of international trade, regional and international agreements and negotiations are underway to reduce and eventually eliminate restrictions on free functioning of markets. Among these, Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) being negotiated between EU and ACP countries are comprehensive accords attempting to promote free workings of markets. Beyond the common tariff and quota-free understanding of free trade, EPAs include provisions on investment and trade in services with an ultimate aim of creating market-led service industries. As an economy negotiating EPA with EU, potential outcomes of the agreement on the Ethiopian service industries call for assessment. In this regard, this study examines the potential post-EPA competition, trade and investment in three fundamental but restricted service industries of the Ethiopian economy. Based on reviews of CARIFORUM (sates that have completed EPA negotiations) experiences, EPA service provisions, the service industry structures and regulatory framework of the industries in Ethiopia; findings of the study reveal that, aligned with the objective of EPAs, the telecommunications, finance and maritime transport industries of Ethiopia would move towards a competitive industry structure, trade and liberalization for investments in the post-EPA future.
The Herschel-ATLAS Data Release 1 Paper II: Multi-wavelength counterparts to submillimetre sources
Creators: name: Bourne, N.
name: Dunne, L.
name: Maddox, S. J.
name: Dye, S.
name: Furlanetto, C.
name: Hoyos, C.
name: Smith, D. J. B.
name: Eales, S.
name: Smith, M. W. L.
name: Valiante, E.
name: Alpaslan, M.
name: Andrae, E.
name: Baldry, I. K.
name: Cluver, M. E.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Driver, S. P.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
name: Grootes, M. W.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Jarrett, T. H.
name: Liske, J.
name: Madore, B. F.
name: Popescu, C. C.
name: Robotham, A. G.
name: Rowlands, K.
name: Seibert, M.
name: Thompson, M. A.
name: Tuffs, R. J.
name: Viaene, S.
name: Wright, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is the second in a pair of articles presenting data release 1 (DR1) of the Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS), the largest single open-time key project carried out with the Herschel Space Observatory. The H-ATLAS is a wide-area imaging survey carried out in five photometric bands at 100, 160, 250, 350 and 500$μ$m covering a total area of 600deg$^2$. In this paper we describe the identification of optical counterparts to submillimetre sources in DR1, comprising an area of 161 deg$^2$ over three equatorial fields of roughly 12$^\circ$x4.5$^\circ$ centred at 9$^h$, 12$^h$ and 14.5$^h$ respectively. Of all the H-ATLAS fields, the equatorial regions benefit from the greatest overlap with current multi-wavelength surveys spanning ultraviolet (UV) to mid-infrared regimes, as well as extensive spectroscopic coverage. We use a likelihood-ratio technique to identify SDSS counterparts at r<22.4 for 250-$μ$m-selected sources detected at $\geq$ 4$σ$ ($\approx$28mJy). We find `reliable' counterparts (reliability R$\geq$0.8) for 44,835 sources (39 per cent), with an estimated completeness of 73.0 per cent and contamination rate of 4.7 per cent. Using redshifts and multi-wavelength photometry from GAMA and other public catalogues, we show that H-ATLAS-selected galaxies at $z<0.5$ span a wide range of optical colours, total infrared (IR) luminosities, and IR/UV ratios, with no strong disposition towards mid-IR-classified AGN in comparison with optical selection. The data described herein, together with all maps and catalogues described in the companion paper (Valiante et al. 2016), are available from the H-ATLAS website at www.h-atlas.org.
description: MNRAS accepted
Modelling the processes of atom structure formation of a superconducting spin valve
Creators: name: Vakhrushev, A. V.
name: Fedotov, A. Yu.
name: Savva, Yu. B.
name: Sidorenko, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article considers the simulation of the formation of a multilayer nanocomposite, the combination of elements of which gives rise to the effect of a spin valve. The relevance and importance of the effects in the field of spintronics and related materials and devices are described. The composition and atomic structure of individual layers of the multilayer nanocomposite, as well as the composition and morphology of the interface of the nanocomposite layers are the object of research. A sample with a periodic superconductor - ferromagnetic structure consisting of more than 20 alternating layers of niobium and cobalt was analyzed as a sample. The deposition process took place under deep vacuum conditions. Modeling was performed by the molecular dynamics method using the potential of the modified submerged atom method. The formation of the layers was performed in the stacionar mode.
The Economy Wide Impact of Comesa FTA on Ethiopia: A Recursive Dynamic CGE Model
Creators: name: Mindaye, Mussie
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2011

description: This study examines the economy wide impact of COMESA FTA on Ethiopia. The analysis is made based on Ethiopian social accounting matrix (SAM) of 2005/06 constructed by EDRI. The study has utilized a recursive dynamic CGE model. The model is simulated for an import tariff reduction on different sectors using three different scenarios. The main findings of the analysis are: in the first scenario, removal of import tariff on agriculture and non agricultural sector results in an increase of consumption expenditure of households, commodity output and GDP. On the other hand, government revenue, price of import and price of export declined. Moreover, domestic activity has mixed outcomes. There is some trade creation but no trade diversion effects induced by the tariff reduction. . Mean while, under the second scenario removal of import tariff on agriculture sector only has no impact on Ethiopian economy. Furthermore, the removal of import tariff from non agricultural sector in the third scenario is resulted in similar outcomes as that of the first scenario. Key word: Recursive dynamic CGE model, COMESA FTA, import tariff reduction, Ethiopia.
Strain controlled valley filtering in multi-terminal graphene structures
Creators: name: Milovanovic, S. P.
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Valley-polarized currents can be generated by local straining of multi-terminal graphene devices. The pseudo-magnetic field created by the deformation allows electrons from only one valley to transmit and a current of electrons from a single valley is generated at the opposite side of the locally strained region. We show that valley filtering is most effective with bumps of a certain height and width. Despite the fact that the highest contribution to the polarized current comes from electrons from the lowest sub-band, contributions of other sub-bands are not negligible and can significantly enhance the output current.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures