cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Zielorientierung stationär versorgter Patienten als motivationale Grundlage zur Verbesserung des physiotherapeutischen Therapieerfolges : eine kontrollierte klinische Studie
Creators: name: Rucker, Alfred Maria Lorenz
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Zielorientierung ist ein bedeutsamer Faktor für die Therapiemotivation in der stationären Physiotherapie. Untersuchungsgegenstand ist der Effekt einer gemeinsamen Zielvereinbarung auf den Therapieerfolg im Vergleich zu einer Standardtherapie. Die Verbesserung der IG zeigte sich deutlicher. Die Zielorientierung partnerschaftlicher Abklärung und Festlegung messbarer Therapieziele zeigt eine Verbesserung der Behandlungserfolge. Regelmäßige Erfolgskontrollen können den Effekt unterstützen. Die ungeklärte Ursache der Wirksamkeit erfordert weitergehende Untersuchungen.
description: Goal orientation plays a meaningful role to encourage therapeutic motivation in an inpatient physiotherapy setting. The subject of the study is to investigate a possible effect of goal orientation on therapeutic success compared a standard therapy. The improvement of the intervention group was significantly higher. The goal orientation of a cooperative clarification and determination of measurable therapy goals showed an improvement of treatment success. Regular checks can support the effect. The unexplained cause of the efficacy requires further investigation.
Leveraging a Common Representation for Personalized Search and
Summarization in a Medical Digital Library
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Elhadad, Noemie
name: Hatzivassiloglou, Vasileios
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: Despite the large amount of online medical literature, it can be difficult for clinicians to find relevant information at the point of patient care. In this paper, we present techniques to personalize the results of search, making use of the online patient record as a sophisticated, pre-existing user model. Our work in PERSIVAL, a medical digital library, includes methods for re-ranking the results of search to prioritize those that better match the patient record. It also generates summaries of the re-ranked results which highlight information that is relevant to the patient under the physician's care. We focus on the use of a common representation for the articles returned by search and the patient record which facilitates both the re-ranking and the summarization tasks. This common approach to both tasks has a strong positive effect on the ability to personalize information.
Paranoides Denken : Assoziation mit kognitiven Leistungen bei Patienten mit Schizophrenie und gesunden Kontrollen
Creators: name: Regensburger, Carolin Ellen
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Paranoide Gedanken können in der Allgemeinbevölkerung als subklinisches Korrelat von paranoidem Wahn beobachtet werden. Dabei bilden paranoides Denken und Wahn je die beiden Extrempole entlang eines Kontinuums und können durch zahlreiche Einflussfaktoren begünstigt werden. Als ein ätiologischer Faktor beschreibt Mahers Theorie, der perzeptiv-kognitiven Anomalien, paranoide Phänomene resultieren aus einer subjektiv als sinnvoll erlebten Interpretation veränderter Wahrnehmung. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, diese Theorie auf Assoziationen sowohl mit paranoidem Denken bei gesunden Kontrollen (n = 56) als auch mit paranoidem Wahn bei Schizophreniepatienten (n = 60) zu überprüfen. Die Operationalisierung von paranoiden Denkprozessen erfolgt mittels GPTS bzw. PANSS sowie Mahers Theorie mithilfe CAPS, TMT, FWIT und WCST. Die Ergebnisse zeigen nicht nur eine Assoziation von Wahrnehmungsveränderungen mit paranoiden Gedanken sowohl in der Patientengruppe, als auch im gesunden Kollektiv, sondern stehen darüber hinaus mit basalen kognitiven Störungen in Verbindung.
description: Paranoid thoughts can be observed in the general population as a subclinical correlate of paranoid delusion. Paranoid thinking and delusion each form the two extreme poles along a continuum and can be influenced by numerous factors. As an etiological factor, Maher’s theory of perceptive-cognitive anomalies describes paranoid phenomena as resulting from a subjectively experienced interpretation of changed perception. The aim of this thesis is to test this theory for associations both with paranoid thinking in healthy controls (n = 56) and with paranoid delusion in schizophrenia patients (n = 60). The operationalization of paranoid thought processes is done by GPTS or PANSS as well as Maher’s theory by CAPS, TMT, FWIT and WCST. The results show not only an association of changes in perception with paranoid thoughts both in the patient group and in the healthy collective, but are also associated with basal cognitive disorders.
Poincaré recurrences of DNA sequence
Creators: name: Frahm, K. M.
name: Shepelyansky, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the statistical properties of Poincaré recurrences of Homo sapiens, mammalian and other DNA sequences taken from Ensembl Genome data base with up to fifteen billions base pairs. We show that the probability of Poincaré recurrences decays in an algebraic way with the Poincaré exponent $β\approx 4$ even if oscillatory dependence is well pronounced. The correlations between recurrences decay with an exponent $ν\approx 0.6$ that leads to an anomalous super-diffusive walk. However, for Homo sapiens sequences, with the largest available statistics, the diffusion coefficient converges to a finite value on distances larger than million base pairs. We argue that the approach based on Poncaré recurrences determines new proximity features between different species and shed a new light on their evolution history.
description: Research at http://www.quantware.ups-tlse.fr/, Revtex 6 pages, 5 figures, discussion updated and one figure added
Empirically estimating order constraints for content planning in generation
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Duboue, Pablo A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: In a language generation system, a content planner embodies one or more "plans" that are usually hand--crafted, sometimes through manual analysis of target text. In this paper, we present a system that we developed to automatically learn elements of a plan and the ordering constraints among them. As training data, we use semantically annotated transcripts of domain experts performing the task our system is designed to mimic. Given the large degree of variation in the spoken language of the transcripts, we developed a novel algorithm to find parallels between transcripts based on techniques used in computational genomics. Our proposed methodology was evaluated two--fold: the learning and generalization capabilities were quantitatively evaluated using cross validation obtaining a level of accuracy of 89%. A qualitative evaluation is also provided.
Local phase damping of single qubits sets an upper bound on the phase damping rate of entangled states
Creators: name: Dürr, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I derive an inequality in which the phase damping rates of single qubits set an upper bound for the phase damping rate of entangled states of many qubits. The derivation is based on two assumptions: first, that the phase damping can be described by a dissipator in Lindblad form and, second, that the phase damping preserves the population of qubit states in a given basis.
MPEC 2025-F200 : 2025 FL12
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2025 FL12

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
The black hole information problem beyond quantum theory
Creators: name: Mueller, Markus P.
name: Oppenheim, Jonathan
name: Dahlsten, Oscar C. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of black hole entropy and the black hole information problem provide important clues for trying to piece together a quantum theory of gravity. Thus far, discussions on this topic have mostly assumed that in a consistent theory of gravity and quantum mechanics, quantum theory will be unmodified. Here, we examine the black hole information problem in the context of generalisations of quantum theory. In particular, we examine black holes in the setting of generalised probabilistic theories, in which quantum theory and classical probability theory are special cases. We compute the time it takes information to escape a black hole, assuming that information is preserved. We find that under some very general assumptions, the arguments of Page (that information should escape the black hole after half the Hawking photons have been emitted), and the black-hole mirror result of Hayden and Preskill (that information can escape quickly) need to be modified. The modification is determined entirely by what we call the Wootters-Hardy parameter associated with a theory. We find that although the information leaves the black hole after enough photons have been emitted, it is fairly generic that it fails to appear outside the black hole at this point -- something impossible in quantum theory due to the no-hiding theorem. The information is neither inside the black hole, nor outside it, but is delocalised. Our central technical result is an information decoupling theorem which holds in the generalised probabilistic framework.
description: 12 pages + appendix, 5 figures. Comments welcome. v2: typos corrected, published version
Evolution of interactions and cooperation in the spatial prisoner's dilemma game
Creators: name: Zhang, Chunyan
name: Zhang, Jianlei
name: Xie, Guangming
name: Wang, Long
name: Perc, Matjaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the evolution of cooperation in the spatial prisoner's dilemma game where players are allowed to establish new interactions with others. By employing a simple coevolutionary rule entailing only two crucial parameters, we find that different selection criteria for the new interaction partners as well as their number vitally affect the outcome of the game. The resolution of the social dilemma is most probable if the selection favors more successful players and if their maximally attainable number is restricted. While the preferential selection of the best players promotes cooperation irrespective of game parametrization, the optimal number of new interactions depends somewhat on the temptation to defect. Our findings reveal that the "making of new friends" may be an important activity for the successful evolution of cooperation, but also that partners must be selected carefully and their number limited.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in PLoS ONE
Does a Surface Polariton Have Spin?
Creators: name: Bliokh, Konstantin Y.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a p-polarized surface electromagnetic wave (a classical surface polariton) at the interface between the vacuum and a metal or left-handed medium. We show that the evanescent electromagnetic waves forming the surface polariton inevitably possess a backward spin energy flow, which, together with a superluminal orbital energy flow, form the total Poynting vector. This spin energy flow generates a well-defined (but not quantized) spin angular momentum of surface polaritons which is orthogonal to the propagation direction. The spin of evanescent waves arises from the imaginary longitudinal component of the electric field which makes the polarization effectively elliptical in the propagation plane. We also examine the connection between the spin and chirality of evanescent modes.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A (Rapid Communications)
ProGenIE: Biographical descriptions for intelligence analysis
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Duboue, Pablo A.
name: Hatzivassiloglou, Vasileios
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: Intelligence analysts face the need for immediate, up-to-date information about individuals of interest. While biographies can be written and stored in text databases, we argue that they can get quickly obsolete for living persons. We present here the architecture of PROGENIE,a biographical description generator currently under construction,focusing on the requirements of the task and its impact on potential users.
Separation probabilities for products of permutations
Creators: name: Bernardi, Olivier
name: Morales, Alejandro H.
name: Stanley, Richard P.
name: Du, Rosena R. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the mixing properties of permutations obtained as a product of two uniformly random permutations of fixed cycle types. For instance, we give an exact formula for the probability that elements $1,2,...,k$ are in distinct cycles of the random permutation of $\{1,2,...,n\}$ obtained as product of two uniformly random $n$-cycles.
Superconductivity and Ferromagnetism in Oxide Interface Structures: Possibility of Finite Momentum Pairing
Creators: name: Michaeli, Karen
name: Potter, Andrew C.
name: Lee, Patrick A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a model to explain the observed ferromagnetism and superconductivity in LAO/STO oxide interface structures. Due to the polar catastrophe mechanism, 1/2 charge per unit cell is transferred to the interface layer. We argue that this charge localizes and orders ferromagnetically via exchange with the conduction electrons. Ordinarily this ferromagnetism would destroy superconductivity, but due to strong spin-orbit coupling near the interface, the magnetism and superconductivity can coexist by forming an FFLO-type condensate of Cooper pairs at finite momentum, which is surprisingly robust in the presence of strong disorder.
description: 6 pages of Supplementary materials added containing details of calculation and further discussion of the FFLO state with disorder, references added, final version as published
Quantitative analysis of the effect of irrigation sequences on root canal wall dentin erosion
Creators: name: Qian, Wei
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect on root canal wall dentin and compare the level of erosion caused by different irrigation sequences. Material and methods: Dentin specimens of the middle third of the root of extracted teeth with one root canal were instrumented and randomly divided into five groups. Each group was subjected to 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 17% ethylene-glycoltetraacetic acid (EGTA), or 10% citric acid (CA) and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) varying the time of irrigation and the order of the irrigants. The blocks were prepared for and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Digital images at a magnification of 2000× were taken at randomized areas on the root canal dentin surface, and the area of tubule openings was measured by a semi-automatic method using image analysis software image-Pro Discovery 5.0. Results: Erosion of peritubular and intertubular dentin was detected when EDTA, EGTA or CA were used as the initial rinse (even for 30 s ), followed by 5.25% NaOCl. The area of dentin tubule opening increased markedly when compared to the sequences where NaOCl was used first, before the chelators or CA (P<0.05). An initial rinse with the chelators or CA for 5 min, followed by a final rinse with NaOCl, regardless of the duration of the NaOCl rinse (1 - 5 min), resulted in over 100% increase in the area of dentin tubule openings (P<0.01). Conclusions: Irrigation using 5.25% sodium hypochlorite after demineralization agent(s) on root canal wall dentin with smear layer causes marked erosion at the dentin surface.
The role of L tyrosine in oxazolone induced skin inflammation
Creators: name: Tso, Marcus
name: Lin, Yujia
name: Liao, Shan
Publisher: name: Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Lymphatics
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Perinodal adipose tissue
subject: Inflammation

description: Perinodal adipose tissues (PAT) are adipose tissue that directly surrounds lymph nodes (LN). Under local immune stimulation, PAT had been shown to breakdown fat and supply fatty acids essential to proliferating lymphoid cells. However, knowledge of the interaction between PAT and LN remains incomplete. Metabolomic analysis identified 458 common metabolites between the LN and PAT. Within these common metabolites, L-tyrosine was found to be significantly reduced in LN, PAT, and plasma during oxazolone (OX) skin sensitization induced inflammation. Literature show that immune cells can increase uptake of amino acids and alter their metabolic profiles to respond to immune stimulation. This study investigates the role of L-tyrosine in OX-induced skin inflammation. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), one of the major enzymes that metabolizes L-tyrosine, was found to be expressed in the lymph nodes of normal mice. Immunofluorescence imaging showed that TH was expressed by cells mostly in the T cell zone. TH expression pattern and co-staining with various cell markers suggested that TH was expressed by neurons in the lymph node. The TH expressing neurons appears to wiring CD4+ cells. Further experiments are needed to characterize TH-expressing cells, and to determine changes in TH expression between control and OX-inflamed LNs.
Super-Poincare' algebras, space-times and supergravities (II)
Creators: name: Santi, Andrea
name: Spiro, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83E50, 58A50, 17B70

description: The presentation of supergravity theories of our previous paper "Super-Poincare' algebras, space-times and supergravities (I)" is re-formulated in the language of Berezin-Leites-Kostant theory of supermanifolds. It is also shown that the equations of Cremmer, Julia and Scherk's theory of 11D-supergravity are equivalent to manifestly covariant equations on a supermanifold.
description: 31 pages
Towards generating patient specific summaries of medical articles
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Elhadad, Noemie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: The end users of medical digital libraries need quick access to information that is specific to the patients under their care. We present a summarization system that finds and extracts results from multiple medical journal articles returned by a search, filters results that match the patient and merges and orders the remaining facts for the summary. Our approach features an integration of text categorization, information extraction, information fusion and text reformulation for the summarization task.
Transition from viscous to inertial regime in dense suspensions
Creators: name: Trulsson, Martin
name: Andreotti, Bruno
name: Claudin, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Brownian suspensions present a transition from Newtonian behavior in the zero-shear limit to a shear thickening behaviour at a large shear rate, none of which is clearly understood so far. Here, we carry out numerical simulations of such an athermal dense suspension under shear, at an imposed confining pressure. This set-up is conceptually identical to the recent experiments of Boyer and co-workers [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107,188301 (2011)]. Varying the interstitial fluid viscosities, we recover the Newtonian and Bagnoldian regimes and show that they correspond to a dissipation dominated by viscous and contact forces respectively. We show that the two rheological regimes can be unified as a function of a single dimensionless number, by adding the contributions to the dissipation at a given volume fraction.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Content planner construction via evolutionary algorithms and a corpus-based fitness function
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Duboue, Pablo A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: In this paper, we present a novel technique to learn a tree-like structure for a content planner from an aligned corpus of semantic inputs and corresponding, human-produced, outputs. We apply a stochastic search mechanism with a two-level fitness function. As a first stage, we use high level order constraints to quickly discard unpromising planners. As a second stage, alignments between regenerated text and human output are employed. We evaluate our approach by using the existing symbolic planner in our system as a gold standard, obtaining a 66 % improvement over a random baseline in just 20 generations of genetic search.
Finding Terminology Translations From Non-Parallel Corpora
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Fung, Pascale
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: In this paper, we present an initial algorithm for translating technical terms using a pair of non-parallel corpora. Evalution results show translation precisions at around 30% when only the top candidate is considered. While this precision is lower than that achieved with parallel corpora, we show that top 20 candidate output from our algorithm allows translators to increase their accuracy by 50.9%. In the following sections, we first describe a pair of non-parallel corpora we use for experiments, and then we introduce the Word Relation Matrix (WoRM), a statistical word feature representation for technical term translation from non-parallel corpora. We evaluate the effectiveness of this feature with two sets of experiments, using English/English, and English/Japanese non-parallel corpora.
The rigidity of periodic body-bar frameworks on the three-dimensional fixed torus
Creators: name: Ross, Elissa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C25

description: We present necessary and sufficient conditions for the generic rigidity of body-bar frameworks on the three-dimensional fixed torus. These frameworks correspond to infinite periodic body-bar frameworks in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with a fixed periodic lattice.
description: 31 pages, 12 figures
Pew Research Center: American Trends Panel Wave 72
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Attachment to your local community (1); military service (1); volunteering in past 12 months (1); disability or handicap (1); internet (2); religion (3); marriage (1); retired (1); enrolled in school (1); follow government and public affairs (3); return to normal after coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (1); experiences during coronavirus outbreak (24); use of mask or face covering (1); experience with coronavirus (1); own or rent (1); voted in previous elections (3); influence of corporations and financial interests on news (1).
Effect of Environment & Portion Size on Energy Intake
Creators: name: Roberts, Araby
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2019
Subjects: eating behaviours
portion size
portion size effect
eating
social psychology

description: This study utilized a 2(Environment: Lab, Lounge) x 2(Portion Size: Standard, Large) mixed-design factorial analysis of variance to examine the effect of environment and portion size and energy intake. Participants attended two sessions: one in a lab and one in a lounge. During both sessions, participants were provided with either a standard (100g) or large (200g) portion of popcorn. The data analyses were non-significant. There was no main effect of environment on energy intake and no main effect of portion size on energy intake. In addition, there was no interaction between environment and portion size on energy intake.
Common themes in data management emerge at the MRC's open data workshop
Creators: name: Crout, Phillip
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FAIR data
RDM
Research Data Mangement
MRC

description: A FAIRy tale by Phillip Crout – a personal story about how I work with FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data.
-----
In Phillip Crout's account of the open-data seminar at the Medical Research Council Biostatistics unit, he highlights the recurrent themes in data management that emerged among researchers in the life sciences. Despite varied research interests, the challenges in handling data remained consistent, revealing a universal resonance among attendees.
He noticed how the FAIR principles encapsulated these challenges, resonating even with those new to the FAIR principles. The seminar unveiled a prevailing tendency among researchers to underestimate the importance of completing the final steps in their open-data efforts.
One consistent oversight was the lack of long-term data hosting solutions. Discussions emphasised the significance of reliable data repositories, contrasting issues with post-publication dataset accessibility against platforms like Figshare and Zenodo.
Phillip's reflections on the workshop underscore the diverse perspectives and the intrinsic value of good data management practices. The tale emphasises the impact of  data curation—advocating for stable hosting platforms and the provision of accurate, concise and comprehensive metadata.
Sentence ordering in multidocument summarization
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Barzilay, Regina
name: Elhadad, Noemie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: The problem of organizing information for multidocument summarization so that the generated summary is coherent has received relatively little attention. In this paper, we describe two naive ordering techniques and show that they do not perform well. We present an integrated strategy for ordering information, combining constraints from chronological order of events and cohesion. This strategy was derived from empirical observations based on experiments asking humans to order information. Evaluation of our augmented algorithm shows a significant improvement of the ordering over the two naive techniques we used as baseline.
Densest binary sphere packings
Creators: name: Hopkins, Adam B.
name: Stillinger, Frank H.
name: Torquato, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The densest binary sphere packings in the alpha-x plane of small to large sphere radius ratio alpha and small sphere relative concentration x have historically been very difficult to determine. Previous research had led to the prediction that these packings were composed of a few known "alloy" phases including, for example, the AlB2 (hexagonal omega), HgBr2, and AuTe2 structures, and to XYn structures composed of close-packed large spheres with small spheres (in a number ratio of n to 1) in the interstices, e.g., the NaCl packing for n = 1. However, utilizing an implementation of the Torquato-Jiao sphere-packing algorithm [S. Torquato and Y. Jiao, Phys. Rev. E 82, 061302 (2010)], we have discovered that many more structures appear in the densest packings. For example, while all previously known densest structures were composed of spheres in small to large number ratios of one to one, two to one, and very recently three to one, we have identified densest structures with number ratios of seven to three and five to two. In a recent work [A. B. Hopkins, Y. Jiao, F. H. Stillinger, and S. Torquato, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 125501 (2011)], we summarized these findings. In this work, we present the structures of the densest-known packings and provide details about their characteristics. Our findings demonstrate that a broad array of different densest mechanically stable structures consisting of only two types of components can form without any consideration of attractive or anisotropic interactions. In addition, the novel structures that we have identified may correspond to currently unidentified stable phases of certain binary atomic and molecular systems, particularly at high temperatures and pressures.
description: 45 pages, 23 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Physical Review E on January 27th, 2012
Columbia’s Newsblaster: New Features and Future Directions
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Barzilay, Regina
name: Chen, John
name: Elson, David K.
name: Evans, David
name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Nenkova, Ani
name: Schiffman, Barry
name: Sigelman, Sergey
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: Columbia's Newsblaster tracking and summarization system is a robust system that clusters news into events, categorizes events into broad topics and summarizes multiple articles on each event. Here we outline our most current work on tracking events over days, producing summaries that update a user on new information about an event, outlining the perspectives of news coming from different countries and clustering and summarizing non-English sources.
Frobenius character formula and spin generic degrees for Hecke-Clifford algebra
Creators: name: Wan, Jinkui
name: Wang, Weiqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The spin analogues of several classical concepts and results for Hecke algebras are established. A Frobenius type formula is obtained for irreducible characters of the Hecke-Clifford algebra. A precise characterization of the trace functions allows us to define the character table for the algebra. The algebra is endowed with a canonical symmetrizing trace form, with respect to which the spin generic degrees are formulated and shown to coincide with the spin fake degrees. We further provide a characterization of the trace functions and the symmetrizing trace form on the spin Hecke algebra which is Morita super-equivalent to the Hecke-Clifford algebra.
description: 34 pages, v2, updated references, mild corrections of typos, to appear in Proc. London Math. Soc
Columbia University at DUC 2004
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Barzilay, Regina
name: Nenkova, Ani
name: Schiffman, Barry
name: Sigelman, Sergey
name: Schlaiker, Andrew
name: Blair-Goldensohn, Sasha
name: Hatzivassiloglou, Vasileios
name: Evans, David
name: Siddharthan, Advaith
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: We describe our participation in tasks 2, 4 and 5 of the DUC 2004 evaluation. For each task, we present the system (s) used, focusing on novel and newly developed aspects. We also analyze the results of the human and automatic evaluations.
Enhancing data quality in knowledge bases: A FAIR approach
Creators: name: Lera-Ramirez, Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FAIR data
RDM
Research Data Mangement
PomBase
Schizosaccharomyces pombe

description: A FAIRy tale by Manuel Lera-Ramírez – a personal story about how I work with FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data.
------
In this tale of navigating the complexities of data management, Manuel Lera-Ramírez invites us into his world of grappling with data quality within the PomBase model organism knowledge base. He narrates the challenges encountered in curating genotype-to-phenotype annotations, particularly the hurdles stemming from manually inputting allele descriptions.
Manuel's journey revolves around addressing the persistent issues of syntax errors and sequence inconsistencies. To combat these, he created a software pipeline to not just rectifying errors but offering broader applicability beyond PomBase.
The tale concludes with Manuel's reflections on the journey – how these improvements didn't just elevate data quality but exemplified a dedication to making information more accessible and reliable (FAIR).
Extracting paraphrases from a parallel corpus
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Barzilay, Regina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: While paraphrasing is critical both for interpretation and generation of natural language, current systems use manual or semi-automatic methods to collect paraphrases. We present an unsupervised learning algorithm for identification of paraphrases from a corpus of multiple English translations of the same source text. Our approach yields phrasal and single word lexical paraphrases as well as syntactic paraphrases.
Global existence for an L^2 critical Nonlinear Dirac equation in one dimension
Creators: name: Candy, Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove global existence from $L^2$ initial data for a nonlinear Dirac equation known as the Thirring model. Local existence in $H^s$ for $s>0$, and global existence for $s>1/2$, has recently been proven by Selberg and Tesfahun by using $X^{s, b}$ spaces together with a type of null form estimate. In contrast, motivated by the recent work of Machihara, Nakanishi, and Tsugawa, we first prove local existence in $L^2$ by using null coordinates, where the time of existence depends on the profile of the initial data. To extend this to a global existence result we need to rule out concentration of $L^2$ norm, or charge, at a point. This is done by decomposing the solution into an approximately linear component and a component with improved integrability. We then prove global existence for all $s>0$.
Statistical acquisition of content selection rules for natural language generation
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Duboue, Pablo A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: A Natural Language Generation system produces text using as input semantic data. One of its very first tasks is to decide which pieces of information to convey in the output. This task, called Content Selection, is quite domain dependent, requiring considerable re-engineering to transport the system from one scenario to another. In this paper, we present a method to acquire content selection rules automatically from a corpus of text and associated semantics. Our proposed technique was evaluated by comparing its output with information selected by human authors in unseen texts, where we were able to filter half the input data set without loss of recall.
Traveling kinks in cubic nonlinear Ginzburg-Landau equations
Creators: name: Rosu, H. C.
name: Cornejo-Perez, O.
name: Ojeda-May, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear cubic Euler-Lagrange equations of motion in the traveling variable are usually derived from Ginzburg-Landau free energy functionals frequently encountered in several fields of physics. Many authors considered in the past damped versions of such equations with the damping term added by hand simulating the friction due to the environment. It is known that even in this damped case kink solutions can exist. By means of a factorization method, we provide analytic formulas for several possible kink solutions of such equations of motion in the undriven and constant field driven cases, including the recently introduced Riccati parameter kinks which were not considered previously in such a context. The latter parameter controls the delay of the switching stage of the kinks
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, final version
Contextual Phrase-Level Polarity Analysis using Lexical Affect Scoring
and Syntactic N-grams
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Agarwal, Apoorv
name: Biadsy, Fadi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present a classiﬁer to predict contextual polarity of subjective phrases in a sentence. Our approach features lexical scoring derived from the Dictionary of Affect in Language (DAL) and extended through WordNet, allowing us to automatically score the vast majority of words in our input avoiding the need for manual labeling. We augment lexical scoring with n-gram analysis to capture the effect of context. We combine DAL scores with syntactic constituents and then extract ngrams of constituents from all sentences. We also use the polarity of all syntactic constituents within the sentence as features. Our results show signiﬁcant improvement over a majority class baseline as well as a more difﬁcult baseline consisting of lexical n-grams.
Classifying Subject Ratings of Emotional Speech Using Acoustic Features
Creators: name: Liscombe, Jackson
name: Venditti, Jennifer
name: Hirschberg, Julia Bell
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: This paper presents results from a study examining emotional speech using acoustic features and their use in automatic machine learning classification. In addition, we propose a classification scheme for the labeling of emotions on continuous scales. Our findings support those of previous research as well as indicate possible future directions utilizing spectral tilt and pitch contour to distinguish emotions in the valence dimension.
title: Математика на Python
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет
Year: 2023

description: В практикуме изложены основные положения алгоритмизации и программирования, вводятся и иллюстрируются примерами основные управляющие конструкции, функции на примере языка программирования Python. Уделено внимание спискам, кортежам, строкам, словарям; вводятся понятия: одномерный, двумерный массив, запись/структура, файл. Показаны особенности алгоритмов решения задач внутренней сортировки и поиска данных, а также рекурсивных алгоритмов. Приводится большое количество задач для самостоятельного решения, причем задачи не привязаны к конкретному языку программирования, компилятору или среде. Предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по направлению подготовки 02.03.01 Математика и компьютерные науки, профилю подготовки «Анализ данных и искусственный интеллект», может быть использовано учителями информатики.
Zusammensetzung von IGF2BP1-enthaltenden Ribonukleoproteinkomplexen
Creators: name: Baude, Anne
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Insulin-like-Growth-Factor-Binding-Protein-7
subject: Ribonucleoproteine
subject: 572

description: Die posttranskriptionelle Kontrolle der Genregulation der mRNA wird im Wesentlichen durch spezifische Ribonukleoprotein-Komplexe (RNPs) gesteuert, in denen regulatorische Faktoren wie z. B. RNA-bindende Proteine (RBPs) und diverse Klassen von RNAs z.B. miRNAs mitwirken. In diesem Kontext beinflusst das RNA-bindende Protein IGF2BP1 die Stabilisierung der MYC-mRNA, indem es diese vor endonukleolytischem Abbau schützt. Darüber hinaus reguliert es auch die ACTB-mRNA Translation und steuert die subzelluläre Sortierung dieses Transkripts. Durch Regulation verschiedener Zieltranskripte fördert IGF2BP1 als onkofötales Protein auf diese Weise mesenchymale Zelleigenschaften wie Polarität, Proliferation und Migration während der Embryogenese sowie der Tumorbildung. Bislang ist jedoch noch nicht vollständig geklärt, mit welchen RBPs IGF2BP1 innerhalb des RNPs interagiert und inwieweit diese Interaktionen Einfluss auf die Expression der Zielgene nehmen.
description: The post-transcriptional control of the gene regulation of mRNA is essentially controlled by specific Ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) in which regulatory factors such as RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and various classes of RNAs, e.g. miRNAs, are involved. In this context, the RNA-binding protein IGF2BP1 influences the stabilization of MYC-mRNA by protecting it from endonucleolytic degradation. It also regulates ACTB-mRNA translation and subcellular sorting of this transcript. By regulating different target transcripts, IGF2BP1 as an oncofetal protein promotes mesenchymal cell properties such as polarity, proliferation and migration during embryogenesis and tumor formation. These regulatory processes are assumed to be interactions with other factors, in particular RBPs. However, it has not yet been fully clarified which RBPs IGF2BP1 interacts with within the RNP and to what extent these interactions influence the expression of the target genes.
Obtaining One-loop Gravity Amplitudes Using Spurious Singularities
Creators: name: Dunbar, David C.
name: Ettle, James H.
name: Perkins, Warren B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decomposition of a one-loop scattering amplitude into elementary functions with rational coefficients introduces spurious singularities which afflict individual coefficients but cancel in the complete amplitude. These cancellations create a web of interactions between the various terms. We explore the extent to which entire one-loop amplitudes can be determined from these relationships starting with a relatively small input of initial information, typically the coefficients of the scalar integral functions as these are readily determined. In the context of one-loop gravity amplitudes, of which relatively little is known, we find that some amplitudes with a small number of legs can be completely determined from their box coefficients. For increasing numbers of legs, ambiguities appear which can be determined from the physical singularity structure of the amplitude. We illustrate this with the four-point and N=1,4 five-point (super)gravity one-loop amplitudes.
description: Minor corrections. Appendix added
Columbia at the Document Understanding Conference 2003
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Barzilay, Regina
name: Nenkova, Ani
name: Schiffman, Barry
name: Sigelman, Sergey
name: Schlaiker, Andrew
name: Blair-Goldensohn, Sasha
name: Hatzivassiloglou, Vasileios
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: The Columbia Summarizer for DUC 2003, Task 2, is based on the multi-document summarization system that we developed for DUC 2002 (McKeown et al., 2002). It uses different summarization strategies depending on the type of documents in the input set. Four different strategies are used, one for single events, one for multiple related events, one for biographies and one for discussion of an issue with related events. The summarization strategy encoded in MULTIGEN is used for single event document sets. All other strategies are encoded in DEMS, which uses different parameter settings for different document input types. For Task 4, we adapted an open-ended question answering system that we have been developing as part of our AQUAINT project. The version used in DUC contains only a subset of the different techniques contained in the AQUAINT system given the differences in problem specification.
First steps towards the certification of an ARM simulator using Compcert
Creators: name: Shi, Xiaomu
name: Monin, Jean-François
name: Tuong, Frederic
name: Blanqui, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The simulation of Systems-on-Chip (SoC) is nowadays a hot topic because, beyond providing many debugging facilities, it allows the development of dedicated software before the hardware is available. Low-consumption CPUs such as ARM play a central role in SoC. However, the effectiveness of simulation depends on the faithfulness of the simulator. To this effect, we propose here to prove significant parts of such a simulator, SimSoC. Basically, on one hand, we develop a Coq formal model of the ARM architecture while on the other hand, we consider a version of the simulator including components written in Compcert-C. Then we prove that the simulation of ARM operations, according to Compcert-C formal semantics, conforms to the expected formal model of ARM. Size issues are partly dealt with using automatic generation of significant parts of the Coq model and of SimSoC from the official textual definition of ARM. However, this is still a long-term project. We report here the current stage of our efforts and discuss in particular the use of Compcert-C in this framework.
description: First International Conference on Certified Programs and Proofs 7086 (2011)
Where's the Verb? Correcting Machine Translation During Question Answering
Creators: name: Ma, Wei-Yun
name: McKeown, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Computer science

description: When a multi-lingual question-answering (QA)  system provides an answer that has been  incorrectly translated, it is very likely to be
regarded as irrelevant. In this paper, we  propose a novel method for correcting a  deletion error that affects overall  understanding of the sentence. Our post-editing  technique uses information available at query  time: examples drawn from related documents  determined to be relevant to the query. Our results show that 4%-7% of MT sentences are
missing the main verb and on average, 79% of the modified sentences are judged to be more comprehensible. The QA performance also
benefits from the improved MT: 7% of irrelevant response sentences become relevant.
Intonational Phrases for Speech Summarization
Creators: name: Maskey, Sameer R.
name: Rosenberg, Andrew
name: Hirschberg, Julia Bell
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science

description: Extractive speech summarization approaches select relevant segments of spoken documents and concatenate them to generate a summary. The extraction unit chosen, whether a sentence, syntactic constituent, or other segment, has a signiﬁcant impact on the overall quality and ﬂuency of the summary. Even though sentences tend to be the choice of most the extractive speech summarizers, in this paper, we present the results of an empirical study indicating that intonational phrases are better units of extraction for summarization. Our study compared four types of input segmentation: sentences, two pause-based segmentation, and intonational phrases (IP). We found that IPs are the best candidates for extractive summarization, improving over the second highest-performing approach, sentence-based summarization, by 8.2% F-measure.