cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chandra follow up of the Hectospec Cluster Survey: Comparison of Caustic and Hydrostatic Masses and Constraints on the Hydrostatic Bias
Creators: name: Logan, Crispin H. A.
name: Maughan, Ben J.
name: Diaferio, Antonaldo
name: Duffy, Ryan T.
name: Geller, Margaret J.
name: Rines, Kenneth
name: Sohn, Jubee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clusters of galaxies are powerful probes with which to study cosmology and astrophysics. However, for many applications an accurate measurement of a cluster's mass is essential. A systematic underestimate of hydrostatic masses from X-ray observations (the so-called hydrostatic bias) may be responsible for tension between the results of different cosmological measurements. We compare X-ray hydrostatic masses with masses estimated using the caustic method (based on galaxy velocities) in order to explore the systematic uncertainties of both methods and place new constraints on the level of hydrostatic bias. Hydrostatic and caustic mass profiles were determined independently for a sample of 44 clusters based on Chandra observations of clusters from the Hectospec Cluster Survey. This is the largest systematic comparison of its kind. Masses were compared at a standardised radius ($R_{500}$) using a model that includes possible bias and scatter in both mass estimates. The systematics affecting both mass determination methods were explored in detail. The hydrostatic masses were found to be systematically higher than caustic masses on average, and we found evidence that the caustic method increasingly underestimates the mass when fewer galaxies are used to measure the caustics. We limit our analysis to the 14 clusters with the best-sampled caustics where this bias is minimised ($\ge210$ galaxies), and find that the average ratio of hydrostatic to caustic mass at $R_{500}$ is $M_X/M_C=1.12^{+0.11}_{-0.10}$. We interpret this result as a constraint on the level of hydrostatic bias, favouring small or zero levels of hydrostatic bias (less than $20\%$ at the $3σ$ level). However, we find systematic uncertainties associated with both mass estimation methods remain at the $10-15\%$ level, which would permit significantly larger levels of hydrostatic bias.
description: 15 pages plus appendices. Updated to match version accepted for publication in A&A. Updates include additional tests of systematics. Main results are unchanged
Comparison of Cepheid's Analyte-Specific Reagents with BD Directigen for Detection of Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Creators: name: Miller, M. B.
name: Goodrich, J. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: For detection of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the BD Directigen RSV rapid antigen assay was compared to Cepheid's real-time reverse transcriptase PCR RSV analyte-specific reagents. The Directigen RSV assay resulted in a 23% false-negative rate, using PCR and chart review as the gold standard, indicating that rapid RSV PCR results would be advantageous.
Observation of light thermalization to negative temperature Rayleigh-Jeans equilibrium states in multimode optical fibers
Creators: name: Baudin, K.
name: Garnier, J.
name: Fusaro, A.
name: Berti, N.
name: Michel, C.
name: Krupa, K.
name: Millot, G.
name: Picozzi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the temperature of a thermodynamic system is usually believed to be a positive quantity, under particular conditions, negative temperature equilibrium states are also possible. Negative temperature equilibriums have been observed with spin systems, cold atoms in optical lattices and two-dimensional quantum superfluids. Here we report the observation of Rayleigh-Jeans thermalization of light waves to negative temperature equilibrium states. The optical wave relaxes to the equilibrium state through its propagation in a multimode optical fiber, i.e., in a conservative Hamiltonian system. The bounded energy spectrum of the optical fiber enables negative temperature equilibriums with high energy levels (high order fiber modes) more populated than low energy levels (low order modes). Our experiments show that negative temperature speckle beams are featured, in average, by a non-monotonous radial intensity profile. The experimental results are in quantitative agreement with the Rayleigh-Jeans theory without free parameters. Bringing negative temperatures to the field of optics opens the door to the investigation of fundamental issues of negative temperature states in a flexible experimental environment.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures
The electronic structure of Co-substituted $\textrm{Fe}\textrm{Se}$ superconductor probed by soft X-ray spectroscopy and density functional theory
Creators: name: Perez, I.
name: McLeod, J. A.
name: Green, R. J.
name: Escamilla, R.
name: Ortiz, V.
name: Moewes, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the crystalline and electronic properties of the $\textrm{Fe}_{1-x}\textrm{Co}_x\textrm{Se}$ system ($x=0$, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0) using X-ray diffraction, X-ray spectroscopy and density functional theory. We show that the introduction of Co $3d$ states in FeSe relaxes the bond strengths and induces a structural transition from tetragonal to hexagonal whose crossover takes place at $x\approx0.38$. This structural transition in turn modifies the magnetic order which can be related to the spin state. Using resonant inelastic X-ray spectroscopy we estimate the spin state of the system; FeSe is found to be in a high spin state (S=2), but Fe is reduced to a low spin state upon Co substitution of $x \le 0.25$, well below the structural transition. Finally, we show evidence that FeSe is a moderately correlated system but the introduction of Co into the host lattice weakens the correlation strength for $x\ge0.25$. These novel findings are important to unravel the mechanisms responsible for the superconducting state in iron-chalcogenide superconductors.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, to be published in PRB
Comparison of Performance Characteristics of Three Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR Test Systems for Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis C Virus
Creators: name: Wilkinson, D. S.
name: Langley, M. R.
name: Sabato, M. F.
name: Ferreira-Gonzalez, A.
name: Shiffman, M. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: We evaluated the performance characteristics of three real-time reverse transcription-PCR test systems for detection and quantification of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and performed a direct comparison of the systems on the same clinical specimens. Commercial HCV panels (genotype 1b) were used to evaluate linear range, sensitivity, and precision. The Roche COBAS TaqMan HCV test for research use only (RUO) with samples processed on the MagNA Pure LC instrument (Roche RUO-MPLC) and Abbott analyte-specific reagents (ASR) with QIAGEN sample processing (Abbott ASR-Q) showed a sensitivity of 1.0 log10 IU/ml with a linear dynamic range of 1.0 to 7.0 log10 IU/ml. The Roche ASR in combination with the High Pure system (Roche ASR-HP) showed a sensitivity of 1.4 log10 IU/ml with a linear dynamic range of 2.0 to 7.0 log10 IU/ml. All of the systems showed acceptable reproducibility, the Abbott ASR-Q being the most reproducible of the three systems. Seventy-six clinical specimens (50 with detectable levels of HCV RNA and various titers and genotypes) were tested, and results were compared to those of the COBAS Amplicor HCV Monitor v2.0. Good correlation was obtained for the Roche RUO-MPLC and Abbott ASR-Q (R2 = 0.84 and R2 = 0.93, respectively), with better agreement for the Abbott ASR-Q. However, correlation (R2 = 0.79) and agreement were poor for Roche ASR-HP, with bias relative to concentration and genotype. Roche ASR-HP underestimated HCV RNA for genotypes 3 and 4 as much as 2.19 log10 IU/ml. Our study demonstrates that Roche RUO-MPLC and Abbott ASR-Q provided acceptable results and agreed sufficiently with the COBAS Amplicor HCV Monitor v2.0.
Resonance-enhanced vibrational spectroscopy of molecules on a superconductor
Creators: name: Homberg, Jan
name: Weismann, Alexander
name: Markussen, Troels
name: Berndt, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular vibrational spectroscopy with the scanning tunneling microscope is feasible but usually detects few vibrational modes. We harness sharp Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states observed from molecules on a superconductor to significantly enhance the vibrational signal. From a lead phthalocyanin molecule 46 vibrational peaks are resolved enabling a comparison with calculated modes. The energy resolution is improved beyond the thermal broadening limit and shifts induced by neighbor molecules or the position of the microscope tip are determined. Vice versa, spectra of vibrational modes are used to measure the effect of an electrical field on the energy of YSR states. The method may help to further probe the interaction of molecules with their environment and to better understand selection rules for vibrational excitations.
FLAME: Federated Learning Across Multi-device Environments
Creators: name: Cho, Hyunsung
name: Mathur, Akhil
name: Kawsar, Fahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated Learning (FL) enables distributed training of machine learning models while keeping personal data on user devices private. While we witness increasing applications of FL in the area of mobile sensing, such as human activity recognition (HAR), FL has not been studied in the context of a multi-device environment (MDE), wherein each user owns multiple data-producing devices. With the proliferation of mobile and wearable devices, MDEs are increasingly becoming popular in ubicomp settings, therefore necessitating the study of FL in them. FL in MDEs is characterized by being not independent and identically distributed (non-IID) across clients, complicated by the presence of both user and device heterogeneities. Further, ensuring efficient utilization of system resources on FL clients in a MDE remains an important challenge. In this paper, we propose FLAME, a user-centered FL training approach to counter statistical and system heterogeneity in MDEs, and bring consistency in inference performance across devices. FLAME features (i) user-centered FL training utilizing the time alignment across devices from the same user; (ii) accuracy- and efficiency-aware device selection; and (iii) model personalization to devices. We also present an FL evaluation testbed with realistic energy drain and network bandwidth profiles, and a novel class-based data partitioning scheme to extend existing HAR datasets to a federated setup. Our experiment results on three multi-device HAR datasets show that FLAME outperforms various baselines by 4.3-25.8% higher F1 score, 1.02-2.86x greater energy efficiency, and up to 2.06x speedup in convergence to target accuracy through fair distribution of the FL workload.
An Elusive Vector Dark Matter
Creators: name: Chen, Chuan-Ren
name: Chu, Yu-Kuang
name: Tsai, Ho-Chin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even though the sensitivity of direct dark matter search experiments reach the level about $10^{-45}~{\rm cm}^2$, there is no confident signal of dark matter been observed. We point out that, if dark matter is a vector boson, the null result in direct dark matter search experiments may due to the destructive effects in dark-matter-nucleon elastic scattering. We illustrate the scenario using a modified Higgs portal model that includes exotic quarks. The significant cancellation can occur for certain mass gap between heavy quark and dark matter. As a result, the spin-independent dark-matter-nucleon elastic scattering is so suppressed that the future direct search experiments can hardly observe the signal of dark matter.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Comparison of Plaque- and Flow Cytometry-Based Methods for Measuring Dengue Virus Neutralization
Creators: name: de Silva, A. M.
name: Haymore, L. B.
name: Messer, W.
name: Kraus, A. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: As dengue vaccines enter clinical trials, there is a need for rapid and quantitative assays to measure neutralization. We have developed flow-based neutralization assays which generated results similar to those generated by the established, plaque reduction neutralization test. The flow assays are an improvement, as they use human cells and allow for high-throughput screening.
Massive molecular gas companions uncovered by VLA CO(1-0) observations of the $z$ = 5.2 radio galaxy TN J0924$-$2201
Creators: name: Lee, Kianhong
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Hatsukade, Bunyo
name: Egusa, Fumi
name: Yamashita, Takuji
name: Schramm, Malte
name: Ichikawa, Kohei
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Izumi, Takuma
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Toba, Yoshiki
name: Umehata, Hideki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) K-band (19 GHz) observations of the redshifted CO(1-0) line emission toward the radio galaxy TN J0924$-$2201 at $z=5.2$, which is one of the most distant CO-detected radio galaxies. With the angular resolution of $\sim2''$, the CO(1-0) line emission is resolved into three clumps, within $\pm500$ km\,s$^{-1}$ relative to its redshift, where is determined by Ly$α$. We find that they locate off-center and 12-33 kpc away from the center of the host galaxy, which has counterparts in $HST$ $i$-band, $Spitzer$/IRAC and ALMA Band-6 (230 GHz; 1.3 mm). With the ALMA detection, we estimate $L_{\rm IR}$ and SFR of the host galaxy to be $(9.3\pm1.7)\times10^{11} L_{\odot}$ and $110\pm20$ $M_{\odot}\,\rm yr^{-1}$, respectively. We also derive the $3σ$ upper limit of $M_{\rm H_{2}}<1.3\times10^{10}$ $M_{\odot}$ at the host galaxy. The detected CO(1-0) line luminosities of three clumps, $L'_{\rm CO(1-0)}$ = (3.2-4.7)$\times10^{10}$ $\rm\,K\,km\,s^{-1}pc^{2}$, indicate the presence of three massive molecular gas reservoirs with $M_{\rm H_{2}}$ = (2.5-3.7)$\times10^{10}$ $M_{\odot}$, by assuming the CO-to-H$_{2}$ conversion factor $α_{\rm CO} = 0.8$ $M_{\rm \odot}\rm\,(K\,km\,s^{-1}pc^{2})^{-1}$, although the star formation rate (SFR) is not elevated because of the non-detection of ALMA 1.3 mm continuum (SFR $<$ 40 $M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$). From the host galaxy, the nearest molecular gas clump labeled as clump A, is apparently aligning with the radio jet axis, showing the radio-CO alignment. The possible origin of these three clumps around TN J0924$-$2201 can be interpreted as merger, jet-induced metal enrichment and outflow.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Почитание св. Николая Чудотворца на Руси в контексте борисоглебского культа
Creators: name: Петров Николай Игоревич
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2015
Subjects: СВВ. НИКОЛАЙ ЧУДОТВОРЕЦ
STS NICHOLAS THE WONDER-WORKER
БОРИС И ГЛЕБ
BORIS & GLEB
НЕСТОР
NESTOR
СВЯТОСЛАВ ЯРОСЛАВИЧ
SVYATOSLAV YARO-SLAVICH
КИЕВ
KIEV
ВЫШГОРОД
VYSHGOROD
ДОРОГОБУЖ ВОЛЫНСКИЙ
DOROGOBUZH VOLINSKIY
ЧУДО О СУХОРУКОЙ ЖЕНЕ
THE MIRACLE ABOUT A WOMAN WITH A WITHERED ARM
ЧУДО ОБ УТОПШЕМ ДЕТИЩЕ
THE MIRACLE ABOUT A DROWNED BABY

description: Чудо о сухорукой жене, повествующее, согласно «Чтению о житии и погублении блаженных страстотерпцев Бориса и Глеба», о ее наказании свв. Ни-колаем, Борисом и Глебом, может быть сопоставлено с киевским княжением Свя-тослава-Николая Ярославича: сопровождение небесного патрона этого князя его родовыми покровителями находит себе соответствие в активном участии послед-него в распространении борисоглебского культа вскоре после 1072 г. Однако, в указанном нарративе вряд ли стоит видеть агиографическую основу палеосных изображений свв. Бориса и Глеба на трех новгородских иконах св. Николая XIII в. Лишь в памятниках русского искусства XVI в. можно встретить соединения обра-зов этих святых, соотносимые с отмеченным эпизодом чуда о сухорукой жене.According to the “Lection about the life and death of the blessed passion-sufferers bearers Boris and Gleb” the miracle about a woman with a withered arm nar-rates a punishment of that woman by Sts Nicholas, Boris and Gleb. This miracle can be connected with the reign of prince Svyatoslav-Nicholas Yaroslavich in Kiev: an escort of his saint patron by his ancestral protectors corresponds to the great activity of this prince in propagation of Sts Boris and Gleb’s cult right after 1072. However we should not consider this narrative as hagiographical basis for the marginal images of Sts Boris and Gleb on three St Nicholas’s icons of the 13th century from Novgorod. Just among the objects of Russian art of the 16th century it is possible to meet combinations of the images of these saints, which can be connected with the mentioned episode from the miracle about a woman with a withered arm.
Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections in North American Women by Testing SurePath Liquid-Based Pap Specimens in APTIMA Assays
Creators: name: D'Ascoli, P.
name: Chernesky, M.
name: Freund, G. G.
name: Martens, M.
name: Leone, P.
name: Hook, E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The APTIMA COMBO 2 assay, which detects and amplifies rRNA from Chlamydia trachomatis and/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is approved for use on ThinPrep liquid-based Pap test specimens. The objective was to determine the clinical utility of the APTIMA assays (APTIMA COMBO 2 assay, APTIMA CT assay for Chlamydia trachomatis, and APTIMA GC assay for Neisseria gonorrhoeae) for screening women during their annual Pap exam, using SurePath liquid-based Pap test specimens. Two cervical samples were collected from 1,615 females attending six clinical sites in North America. A cervical broom sample was processed for cytology, with the residuum aliquoted into an APTIMA specimen transfer kit tube. The second cervical swab sample was put into APTIMA specimen transport medium, and both samples were tested with each APTIMA assay on a direct sampling system. Using a subject-infected status that utilized cervical-swab specimen results from two APTIMA assays, the prevalence was 7.9% for Chlamydia trachomatis and 2.5% for N. gonorrhoeae. For the liquid-based Pap samples, the sensitivities, specificities, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values for Chlamydia trachomatis detection were 85.2%, 99.5%, 93.2%, and 98.7%, respectively, for the APTIMA COMBO 2 assay and 89.1%, 98.7%, 85.7%, and 99.1%, respectively, for the APTIMA CT assay. For N. gonorrhoeae detection, the values were 92.5%, 100%, 100%, and 99.8%, respectively, for the APTIMA COMBO 2 assay and 92.5%, 99.9%, 97.4%, and 99.8%, respectively, for the APTIMA GC assay. The high predictive values support the use of the assays with SurePath liquid-based Pap specimens processed with the APTIMA specimen transfer kit.
Three in One: The VLBI Radio View of the X-ray Quasar RX J1456.0+5048
Creators: name: Frey, Sándor
name: Tar, Ingrid
name: Perger, Krisztina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RX J1456.0+5048 is a prominent X-ray source detected by ROSAT. There is ~100-mJy level radio emission associated with the X-ray source. However, interferometric observations with increasing angular resolution revealed that three distinct objects located within 2 arcmin are responsible for the measured total flux density. Whether these radio sources lining up in the sky are physically associated or just seen close to each other in projection is not immediately clear. In fact, incorrect cross-identification of the X-ray, optical and radio sources can already be found in the literature. Here we summarise the current knowledge about this intriguing group of objects, where two of the three sources show compact radio emission detected with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). We present a VLBI image of one of them for the first time, based on archival European VLBI Network (EVN) data taken at 5 GHz.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the European VLBI Network Mini-Symposium and Users' Meeting 2021, Proceedings of Science, PoS(EVN2021)006
Ultrasensitive p24 Antigen Assay for Diagnosis of Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection
Creators: name: Respess, R. A.
name: Abrams, E. J.
name: Wiener, J.
name: Cachafeiro, A.
name: Fiscus, S. A.
name: Bulterys, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: We evaluated an ultrasensitive p24 antigen enzyme immunosorbent assay on 802 plasma specimens from 582 infants and children of 0 to 180 days of age. Overall sensitivity and specificity were 91.7% and 98.5%, respectively. After exclusion of infants of less than 7 days of age, the sensitivity and specificity were 93.7% and 98.3%, respectively.
High-precision FoM measurement setup for Ti:Sapphire crystals
Creators: name: Miller, Vojtech
name: Zidek, Karel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The figure of merit (FoM) of Ti:Sapphire (Ti:Sa) crystals is a generally used means to evaluate the quality of the crystals. Despite the importance of Ti:Sa, the question of FoM measurement precision stayed out of focus, while the commercially available spectrometers provide unsatisfactory 3-sigma precision reaching 60 %. In this paper, we present a setup for a single-pass high-precision transmission measurement for three different wavelengths (532 nm, 780 nm, and 1560 nm) based on Nd:YAG and Er:YAG lasers. A synchronous detection via a double integrated sphere enabled us to achieve the transmission uncertainty of 0,01-0,03%. With the presented setup, we show that it is possible to determine the FoM values with 3-sigma precision of 7,5 %. Owing to the high FoM precision, we were able to trace spatial inhomogeneities of an unannealed Ti:Sa crystal produced by a commercial manufacturer Crytur. Our measurements demonstrate that the FoM values can be significantly affected by the crystal inhomogeneities and angular mismatch between the c-axis of the Ti:Sa and polarization orientation.
X-ray observations of VY Scl type nova-like binaries in the high and low state
Creators: name: Zemko, P.
name: Orio, M.
name: Mukai, K.
name: Shugarov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Four VY Scl-type nova-like systems were observed in X-rays during both the low and the high optical states. We examined Chandra, ROSAT, Swift and Suzaku archival observations of BZ Cam, MV Lyr, TT Ari, and V794 Aql. The X-ray flux of BZ Cam is higher during the low state, but there is no supersoft X-ray source (SSS) as hypothesized in previous articles. No SSS was detected in the low state of the any of the other systems, with the X-ray flux decreasing by a factor between 2 and 50. The best fit to the Swift X-ray spectra is obtained with a multi-component model of plasma in collisional ionization equilibrium. The high state high resolution spectra of TT Ari taken with Chandra ACIS-S and the HETG gratings show a rich emission line spectrum, with prominent lines of in Mg, Si, Ne, and S. The complexity of this spectrum seems to have origin in more than one region, or more than one single physical mechanism. While several emission lines are consistent with a cooling flow in an accretion stream, there is at least an additional component. We discuss the origin of this component, which is probably arising in a wind from the system. We also examine the possibility that the VY Scl systems may be intermediate polars, and that while the boundary layer of the accretion disk emits only in the extreme ultraviolet, part of the X-ray flux may be due to magnetically driven accretion.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication by MNRAS
Matter Effects of Sterile Neutrino in Light of Renormalization-Group Equations
Creators: name: Zeng, Shuge
name: Xu, Fanrong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The renormalization-group equation (RGE) approach to neutrino matter effects is further developed in this work. We derive a complete set of differential equations for effective mixing elements, masses and Jarlskog-like invariants in presence of a light sterile neutrino. The evolutions of mixing elements as well as Jarlskog-like invariants are obtained by numerically solving these differential equations. We calculate terrestrial matter effects in long-baseline (LBL) experiments, taking NOvA, T2K and DUNE as examples. In both three-flavor and four-flavor frameworks, electron-neutrino survival probabilities as well as the day-night asymmetry of solar neutrino are also evaluated as a further examination of the RGE approach.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; 22 pages, the version accepted by JHEP
title: Letteratura parascolastica e nazionalismo nella Prima Repubblica
Creators: name: Santos Junior Simões , Alvaro
Publisher: name: Roma Tre-Press
Year: 2013

description: Abstract:

Nei primi decenni repubblicani la letteratura parascolastica ha svolto, come raccomandava José Veríssimo, l’importante funzione di contribuire all’«integrazione dello spirito nazionale». Ma oltre a combattere il «campanilismo» delle diverse regioni del paese, i libri scolastici si proponevano di fronteggiare il «pericolo straniero» rappresentato dall’immigrazione incontrollata e dall’imperialismo economico e militare. Una breve analisi dei Contos pátrios (1894) e A Pátria brasileira (1909), scritti a quattro mani da Olavo Bilac e Coelho Neto, e di Porque me ufano do meu país (1901), del conte de Afonso Celso, rivela alcuni strumenti utilizzati dagli autori per suscitare il sentimento di fratellanza, di solidarietà e di vincolo collettivo fra i bambini brasiliani, scongiurando le minacce che sovrastavano il paese. Si evidenzia anche come l’interpretazione del passato nazionale, dal quale provenivano eroi, martiri e leader che dovevano essere venerati e imitati dai bambini, contrapponesse radicalmente il monarchico Afonso Celso e i repubblicani Bilac e Coelho Neto.

Abstract:

In the early decades of Brazilian Republic, didactic literature played an important role in contributing to the «spirit of national integration», as José Veríssimo recommended. But, in addition to fighting the «parochialism» of different regions of the vast country, didactic literary works intended to combat the «foreign threat» represented by uncontrolled immigration and the economic and military imperialism. Brief analysis of Contos Pátrios (1894) and A Pátria Brasileira (1909), written by Olavo Bilac and Coelho Neto, and Porque Me Ufano do Meu País (1901), by earl of Afonso Celso, aims to reveal some of the resources used by the authors to elicit the feeling of brotherhood, solidarity and collective bond among Brazilian children, driving away threats that hung over the country. It also indicates that the interpretation of the national past, from which came the heroes, martyrs and leaders to be worshiped and imitated by children, radically opposed the monarchist Afonso Celso and the republicans Bilac and Coelho Neto.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.1 – 2013 – APOLOGIE
Характер личности благоверного князя Владимира Святославича в ранних древнерусских гомилиях XI-XII вв
Creators: name: Кириллин Владимир Михайлович
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2015
Subjects: ДРЕВНЕРУССКАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА
OLD RUSSIAN LITERATURE
ОБРАЗ
IMAGE
УПОДОБЛЕНИЕ
ASSIMILATION
СРАВНЕНИЕ
COMPARISON
АНАЛОГИЯ
ANALOGY
КОНТРАПОЗИЦИЯ
ЭПИТЕТ
EPITHET
ИМЕНОВАНИЕ
NAMING
ПОВТОР
REPETITION
БИБЛЕЙСКАЯ ПАРАЛЛЕЛЬ
BIBLICAL ALLUSION
ЭТИКЕТ
ETIQUETTE
ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННЫЙ
ИКОНОЛОГИЧНЫЙ
CON-TRAPOSITION
FICTIONAL
ICONO-LOGICAL

description: В статье на примере посвященных Владимиру Святославичу пане-гирических разделов «Слова о Законе и Благодати», «Похвалы князю» Иакова Мниха, «Чтения и Борисе и Глебе» и Повести временных лет» анализируется ха-рактер развития представлений о крестителе Руси как идеальном правителе и свя-том под влиянием церковной и народной традиций.The development of ideas about the Baptist of Rus’ as the ideal ruler and saint under the influence of church and folk traditions is analyzed by the examples of panegyric parts of ‘The Sermon on Low and Grace’, ‘The Praise of the Prince’ by Jacob Mnich, ‘Tales about Boris and Gleb’, ‘Primary Chronicle’ devoted to Vladimir Sviatoslavich.
Comparison of Serological and Real-Time PCR Assays To Diagnose Bordetella pertussis Infection in 2007
Creators: name: Van Rie, A.
name: Wendelboe, A. M.
name: Andre, P.
name: Njamkepo, E.
name: Caro, V.
name: Guiso, N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Bacterial culture for diagnosing pertussis infection has high specificity but poor sensitivity and is slow. Highly sensitive real-time PCR assays and single-serum pertussis serology have been developed to overcome these limitations, but there are few data available on the relative sensitivities and specificities of such assays for pertussis diagnosis. Using data on 195 participants (≥7 years old) from an epidemiological study, we assessed the sensitivity, specificity, and performance (Youden index) for pertussis diagnosis of the pertussis toxin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (using single and paired serology) and of real-time PCR assays (using the IS481 and ptxA-Pr targets). All available diagnostic information (clinical and laboratory) was pooled to serve as the gold standard. Single serology was the most efficient diagnostic test (Youden index, 0.57 to 0.58), with relatively high sensitivity (>64%) and high specificity (>90%), independent of the cutoff level. IS481 PCR performance was superior to that of ptxA-Pr PCR, and it was the second-most-efficient tool (Youden index, 0.30). Performing both ptxA-Pr and IS481 PCRs did not improve diagnostic performance. The greatest test efficiency (Youden index, 0.69 to 0.74) was achieved when single-serum serology was used in combination with IS481 or ptxA-Pr PCR or paired serology. Combining single serology with one PCR or paired serology increased the sensitivity with an associated limited decrease in specificity. The most specific tests for diagnosis of pertussis were single serology and ptxA-Pr PCR, and the most sensitive diagnostic tool was the combination of IS481 PCR with single serology.
Supine blood pressure normalised by daytime series values is independently associated with ischaemic wake-up stroke
Creators: name: Kowalczyk, Kamil
name: Kwarciany, Mariusz
name: Narkiewicz, Krzysztof
name: Karaszewski, Bartosz
name: Gąsecki, Dariusz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Wake-up stroke constitutes up to 1/4 of all ischaemic strokes; however, its pathomechanisms remain largely unknown. Although low nocturnal blood flow may be the underlying cause, little is known about blood pressure (BP) characteristic of wake-up stroke patients. The aim of our study was to look for differences in BP variables between wake-up stroke and known-onset stroke patients and to seek BP indices which could distinguish wake-up stroke patients from other stroke patients. In the study, we included ischaemic stroke patients in whom office BP measurement and Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) were recorded at day 7, after acute hypertensive response. The daytime period was defined as the interval from 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. From ABPM, we obtained parameters of BP variability. Additionally, we calculated the BP percentage differences defined as (supine office BP–average daytime BP)/average daytime BP for systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure. We calculated analogous indices for night-time. The univariate and multivariate relationships between BP variables and wake-up stroke were analysed. Among the recruited 120 patients (aged 61.6 ± 12.3; 88 [73%] males; the baseline National Institutes of Health stroke scale score 4 [3–8]), 36 (30%) had wake-up stroke. In a univariate analysis, the systolic and mean daytime and night-time BP differences were significantly lower in patients with wake-up stroke [(−1.92 (−11.55 to 3.95) vs 4.12 (−2.48 to 11.31), p = 0.006 and −6.20 (−12.32 to 7.42) vs 2.00 (−6.86 to 11.65), p = 0.029 for daytime, respectively; 0.00 (−9.79 to 11.82) vs 9.84 (0.00 to 18.25), p = 0.003 and 0.51 (−8.49 to 12.08) vs 7.82 (−2.47 to 20.39), p = 0.026, for night-time, respectively]. After adjustment for possible confounders, the systolic BP difference remained significantly associated with wake-up stroke (odds ratio = 0.96, 95% confidence interval = 0.92–1.00, p = 0.039). The subacute office-ambulatory BP difference including the dynamic (systolic BP), but not static BP component was independently associated with wake-up stroke.
The Abundance of Belatedly Habitable Planets and Ambiguities in Definitions of the Continuously Habitable Zone
Creators: name: Tuchow, Noah W.
name: Wright, Jason T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A planet's history dictates its current potential to host habitable conditions and life. The concept of the Continuously Habitable Zone (CHZ) has been used to define the region around a star most likely to host planets with long-term habitability. However, definitions of the CHZ vary in the literature and often conflict with each other. Calculating the fraction of habitable zone planets in the CHZ as a function of stellar properties, we find that the quality of a star as a host for planets with long-term habitability and biosignatures depends strongly on the formulation of the CHZ used. For instance, older M stars are either excellent or sub-optimal hosts for CHZ planets, depending on whether one's definition of habitability prioritizes the total time spent in the habitable zone or the continuity of habitable conditions from the delivery of volatiles to its current age. In this study, we focus on Belatedly Habitable Zone (BHZ) planets, i.e. planets which enter the habitable zone after formation due to the evolution of their host star. We find that between ~29-74% of planets in the habitable zone belong to this class of BHZ planets depending on the timescale for the delivery of volatiles. Whether these planets can retain their volatiles and support habitable conditions is unclear. Since BHZ planets comprise a large portion of the planets we expect to survey for biosignatures with future missions, the open question of their habitability is an important factor for mission design, survey strategies, and the interpretation of results.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Comparison of Two Rapid Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Assays, Determine HIV-1/2 and OraQuick Advance Rapid HIV-1/2, for Detection of Recent HIV Seroconversion
Creators: name: Fiscus, S. A.
name: Cachafeiro, A. A.
name: Kshatriya, R.
name: Kerr, R. J. S.
name: Nelson, J. A. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Modified protocols of two rapid tests were compared with a less sensitive (LS) (detuned) enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for their abilities to distinguish recent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroconversion from long-term infections. The results for samples from 100 HIV-positive patient that had previously been tested by the Vironostika LS EIA had a 97% concordance with the results of the Determine HIV 1/2 assay and 93% concordance with those of the OraQuick HIV 1/2 assay.
Образ святого равноапостольного Владимира как царя в древнерусской гимнографии
Creators: name: Василик Владимир Владимирович
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2015
Subjects: ЦАРЬ
KING
КНЯЗЬ
PRINCE
КАГАН
KAGAN
АПОСТОЛЬСТВО
УЧИТЕЛЬСТВО
TEACHING
МИССИЯ
MISSION
ЦЕР-КОВЬ
АРХЕТИП
ARCHETYPE
ОБРАЗ
IMAGE
САКРАЛЬНОСТЬ
APOSTOLATE
CHURCH
SACREDNESS

description: В статье рассматривается образ св. равноапостольного князя Вла-димира как царя в посвященных ему церковно-поэтических текстах. Титул царя не соответствует ни его прижизненному наименованию князя, ни традиции XI в., в которой креститель Руси именуется степным хазарским титулом «каганом». Име-нование св. равнапостольного князя Владимира царем носило не политический, а сакральный характер, связанный с его священным учительством и апостольством, с образом ромейского автократора-священника и восходит к христианским и биб-лейским архетипам сакральной власти св. равноапостольного царя Константина, царя Давида и Соломона. Связь гимнографического образа св. Владимира с обра-зом св. императора Константина обусловлена проповедью христианства и под-держкой Церкви, сердечным характером веры и отеческим характером власти.The article deals with the image of St. Prince Vladimir as a king in the church poetic texts. The title of the king does not match his lifetime Prince name nor the tradi-tion of the XI century, when the Baptizer of Rus was called by the steppe Khazars title “Kagan”. The naming of St. Prince Vladimir as a king was motivated not in a political but in a sacred character associated with his sacred magisterium and the apostolate, with the image of Romans autocrat-priest and goes back to the Christian and biblical arche-types of the sacred power St. Emperor Constantine, Kings David and Solomon. The tie of hymnographic image of St. Vladimir with the image of St. Emperor Constantine stipu-lates by the preaching of Christianity and the support of the Church, of the cordial na-ture of faith and of the Patriotic nature of power.
Царские речи в составе Стоглава и их место в композиции памятника
Creators: name: Ляховицкий Евгений Александрович
Publisher: name: Палеоросия. Древняя Русь во времени, в личностях, в идеях
Year: 2015
Subjects: СТОГЛАВЫЙ СОБОР 1551 Г
ONE HUNDRED CHAPTER CHURCH COUNCIL OF 1551
СТОГЛАВ
STOGLAV
ИВАН IV
IVAN IV
МИТРОПОЛИТ МАКАРИЙ
METROPOLITAN MACARIUS

description: Статья посвящена месту и значению в составе Стоглава четырех «Царских речей» обращений Ивана IV к Стоглавому собору, размещенных в начальной части памятника. Анализ этих текстов приводит к выводу о том, что их следует рассматривать не как предисловие к дальнейшему изложению постанов-лений собора, а как полноценный раздел Стоглава, несущий наиболее фундамен-тальные для русского общества того времени правовые нормы.The article is dedicated to the problem of the place of the «Tsar speaches» in the contest of the Stoglav. The analysis of those texts leads to the conclusion, that the texts are the valuable part of the Stoglav, which includes the most fundamental legal norms.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ МОЛОДЕЖНЫХ ДОСУГОВЫХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЙ
Creators: name: Пашкова, Людмила
Publisher: name: ООО Цифра
Year: 2023
Subjects: youth
leisure facilities
functional zoning
молодежь
досуговые учреждения
функциональное зонирование

description: Современное строительство и архитектура, Выпуск 10 (41) 2023
Neural Program Repair: Systems, Challenges and Solutions
Creators: name: Zhong, Wenkang
name: Li, Chuanyi
name: Ge, Jidong
name: Luo, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated Program Repair (APR) aims to automatically fix bugs in the source code. Recently, as advances in Deep Learning (DL) field, there is a rise of Neural Program Repair (NPR) studies, which formulate APR as a translation task from buggy code to correct code and adopt neural networks based on encoder-decoder architecture. Compared with other APR techniques, NPR approaches have a great advantage in applicability because they do not need any specification (i.e., a test suite). Although NPR has been a hot research direction, there isn't any overview on this field yet. In order to help interested readers understand architectures, challenges and corresponding solutions of existing NPR systems, we conduct a literature review on latest studies in this paper. We begin with introducing the background knowledge on this field. Next, to be understandable, we decompose the NPR procedure into a series of modules and explicate various design choices on each module. Furthermore, we identify several challenges and discuss the effect of existing solutions. Finally, we conclude and provide some promising directions for future research.
description: accepted by Internetware '22
Urlaub von der Geschichte? Historisches Denken in der Reisezeit
Creators: name: Kühberger, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2013

description: Die Urlaubszeit ist vorbei. Jetzt lohnt sich eine kritische Rückschau auf den Sommer und die Begegnungen mit Geschichte im Urlaub. Ich stolperte im Juli im Hongkong Museum of History in der ur- und frühgeschichtlichen Abteilung auf eine Interpretation, welche mir zwar zugänglich war, mich jedoch zum Nachdenken anregte. Vor einer Vitrine mit Keramikfunden aus dem Neolithikum am südchinesischen Meer wurde von der Museumsführerin erklärt, dass es sich hierbei um einige der ersten Keramikfunde handelt, welche bereits sehr früh auf die spätere große Tradition der weltbekannten chinesischen Keramiken verweisen würden. Ist es auch zulässig, dies für eine bekannte im oberösterreichischen Salzkammergut ansässige Keramikmanufaktur zu behaupten? Funde aus der Eiszeit würden dies auch für den österreichischen Fall dokumentieren. Ein Blick von außen, vielleicht sogar aus einem anderen Kulturkreis, ermöglicht es eben, die Besonderheiten von Erzählungen über die Vergangenheit wahrzunehmen und mit der nötigen Distanz zu hinterfragen.
Diminished Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 DNA Yield from Dried Blood Spots after Storage in a Humid Incubator at 37 C Compared to -20 C
Creators: name: Moye, J.
name: Aldrovandi, G.
name: Luzuriaga, K.
name: Frenkel, L.
name: Mitchell, C.
name: Fitzgibbon, J.
name: Amedee, A. M.
name: Somasundaran, M.
name: Palumbo, P.
name: Fiscus, S.
name: Beck, I.
name: Stevens, W.
name: Coombs, R.
name: Jennings, C.
name: Brambilla, D.
name: Reichelderfer, P.
name: Decker, D.
name: Bremer, J. W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Collecting whole blood on filter paper simplifies the processing, transport, and storage of specimens used for the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and other tests. Specimens may be collected in tropical or rural areas with minimal facilities for handling specimens. To compare simulated tropical conditions with freezer storage, we examined the stability of HIV-1 DNA in dried blood spots (DBS) stored in humid heat and at −20°C. DBS were created by spotting 50-μl aliquots of whole blood on 903 filter paper. DNA was extracted from DBS at baseline and after 2, 6, or 12 months of storage at −20°C or at 37°C with ∼85% humidity. The DNA was tested undiluted or diluted using the Amplicor HIV-1 DNA PCR (Roche), version 1.5. Each reaction was scored positive, negative, or indeterminate based on optical density. Results were compared between storage conditions and over time. A total of 1,832 reactions from 916 DBS were analyzed, including 100 DBS at baseline, 418 stored at −20°C, and 398 stored at 37°C. A chi-square test showed fewer positive reactions for DBS stored at 37°C (55%) than for those stored at −20°C (78%) (P < 0.0001). Samples stored at −20°C showed little change in the probability of detection of HIV-1 DNA over time; the odds ratio (OR) was 0.93 after storage for 1 year. Samples stored at 37°C demonstrated a significant change in detection at 1 year (OR, 0.29). We conclude that exposure of DBS to 37°C and high humidity impaired the recovery of HIV-1 DNA from DBS, whereas DNA recovery was preserved when DBS were stored frozen.
Recommended high performance telescope system design for the TianQin project
Creators: name: Fan, Zichao
name: Zhao, Lujia
name: Peng, Jianguo
name: Ji, Huiru
name: Zhu, Zhengbo
name: Wei1, Shili
name: Mo, Yan
name: Chen, Hanyuan
name: Ma, Donglin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: China is planning to construct a new space-borne gravitational-wave (GW) observatory, the TianQin project, in which the spaceborne telescope is an important component in laser interferometry. The telescope is aimed to transmit laser beams between the spacecrafts for the measurement of the displacements between proof-masses in long arms. The telescope should have ultra-small wavefront deviation to minimize noise caused by pointing error, ultra-stable structure to minimize optical path noise caused by temperature jitter, ultra-high stray light suppression ability to eliminate background noise. In this paper, we realize a telescope system design with ultra-stable structure as well as ultra-low wavefront distortion for the space-based GW detection mission. The design requirements demand extreme control of high image quality and extraordinary stray light suppression ability. Based on the primary aberration theory, the initial structure design of the mentioned four-mirror optical system is explored. After optimization, the maximum RMS wavefront error is less than lamda/300 over the full field of view (FOV), which meets the noise budget on the telescope design. The stray light noise caused by the back reflection of the telescope is also analyzed. The noise at the position of optical bench is less than 10-10 of the transmitted power, satisfying the requirements of space gravitational-wave detection. We believe that our design can be a good candidate for TianQin project, and can also be a good guide for the space telescope design in any other similar science project.