cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Novel Evaluation Metric for Deep Learning-Based Side Channel Analysis and Its Extended Application to Imbalanced Data
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiajia
name: Zheng, Mengce
name: Nan, Jiehui
name: Hu, Honggang
name: Yu, Nenghai
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2020

description: Since Kocher (CRYPTO’96) proposed timing attack, side channel analysis (SCA) has shown great potential to break cryptosystems via physical leakage. Recently, deep learning techniques are widely used in SCA and show equivalent and even better performance compared to traditional methods. However, it remains unknown why and when deep learning techniques are effective and efficient for SCA. Masure et al. (IACR TCHES 2020(1):348–375) illustrated that deep learning paradigm is suitable for evaluating implementations against SCA from a worst-case scenario point of view, yet their work is limited to balanced data and a specific loss function. Besides, deep learning metrics are not consistent with side channel metrics. In most cases, they are deceptive in foreseeing the feasibility and complexity of mounting a successful attack, especially for imbalanced data. To mitigate the gap between deep learning metrics and side channel metrics, we propose a novel Cross Entropy Ratio (CER) metric to evaluate the performance of deep learning models for SCA. CER is closely related to traditional side channel metrics Guessing Entropy (GE) and Success Rate (SR) and fits to deep learning scenario. Besides, we show that it works stably while deep learning metrics such as accuracy becomes rather unreliable when the training data tends to be imbalanced. However, estimating CER can be done as easy as natural metrics in deep learning algorithms with low computational complexity. Furthermore, we adapt CER metric to a new kind of loss function, namely CER loss function, designed specifically for deep learning in side channel scenario. In this way, we link directly the SCA objective to deep learning optimization. Our experiments on several datasets show that, for SCA with imbalanced data, CER loss function outperforms Cross Entropy loss function in various conditions.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 3
Reflektometrie mit Synchrotronstrahlung
Creators: name: Krumrey, Michael
name: Cibik, Levent
name: Fischer, Andreas
name: Gottwald, Alexander
name: Kroth, Udo
name: Scholze, Frank
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Reflektometrie
subject: UV-Strahlung
subject: VUV-Strahlung
subject: EUV-Strahlung
subject: Röntgenstrahlung
subject: Nanoschichten
subject: Avogadro-Konstante
subject: optische Konstanten
subject: Polarisation

description: PTB-Mitteilungen. Band 124 (2014), Heft 3, Seite 35 - 41. ISSN 0030-834X
Generative Thermal Design Through Boundary Representation and Multi-Agent Cooperative Environment
Creators: name: Keramati, Hadi
name: Hamdullahpur, Feridun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Generative design has been growing across the design community as a viable method for design space exploration. Thermal design is more complex than mechanical or aerodynamic design because of the additional convection-diffusion equation and its pertinent boundary interaction. We present a generative thermal design using cooperative multi-agent deep reinforcement learning and continuous geometric representation of the fluid and solid domain. The proposed framework consists of a pre-trained neural network surrogate model as an environment to predict heat transfer and pressure drop of the generated geometries. The design space is parameterized by composite Bezier curve to solve multiple fin shape optimization. We show that our multi-agent framework can learn the policy for design strategy using multi-objective reward without the need for shape derivation or differentiable objective function.
Why Ethiopian Airlines Becomes Successful and What are the Lessons for other Public Companies
Creators: name: G/egziabher, Selamawit
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2012

description: This research has been done to solve the relatively poor performance problem of different public companies and enhance economic growth of Ethiopian economy through public sector capacity building. Accordingly, this study examined the success of Ethiopian Airlines, its determinant factors as well as lessons that can be taken by other public companies from its experience. In doing that, descriptive as well as econometric analysis based on performance indicators and endogenous growth model are respectively used. -------'lThe-resttlts--etf--tleseripti-ve--ltf\ftlys-is-itlciieale Ihftl ...... Ethitlpiftft--Ait>lines-is-a-sl:leeessfu-l-------'enterprise. This is mainly because the airline is a profitable, with a culture of continuous improvement, paramount productivity growth, higher market share etc. In this regard, several factors have contributed for the success of thc airline: its working standard, overall system, dedication of workforce, safety trend, best practice, current and recurrent trainings, formation history, state art teclmology, autonomous management, its market strategy, visionary leadership style etc. Similarly, the results of econometric analysis reveal that the major determinants for the growth/success of Ethiopian Airlines are physical capital accumulation and human capital creation. Therefore, it is the combination of the earlier qualitative determinants with both physical and human capital that has played a significant role for its success. Finally, based on the findings, government and different public enterprises can take the aforementioned success leading factors as a lesson. Provided that different public enterprises have different character of their own that they should apply everything based on the type of their business.
Mass measurements in protoplanetary disks from hydrogen deuteride
Creators: name: McClure, Melissa
name: Bergin, Ted
name: Cleeves, Ilse
name: van Dishoeck, Ewine
name: Blake, Geoff
name: Evans, Neal
name: Green, Joel
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Öberg, Karin
name: Pontoppidan, Klaus
name: Salyk, Colette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The total gas mass of a protoplanetary disk is a fundamental, but poorly determined, quantity. A new technique \citep{bergin+13} has been demonstrated to assess directly the bulk molecular gas reservoir of molecular hydrogen using the HD J=1-0 line at 112 $μ$m. In this work we present a {\it Herschel} Space Observatory\footnote{Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.} survey of six additional T Tauri disks in the HD line. Line emission is detected at $>$3$σ$ significance in two cases: DM Tau and GM Aur. For the other four disks, we establish upper limits to the line flux. Using detailed disk structure and ray tracing models, we calculate the temperature structure and dust mass from modeling the observed spectral energy distributions, and include the effect of UV gas heating to determine the amount of gas required to fit the HD line. The range of gas masses are 1.0-4.7$\times10^{-2}$ for DM Tau and 2.5-20.4$\times10^{-2}$ for GM Aur. These values are larger than those found using CO for GM Aur, while the CO-derived gas mass for DM Tau is consistent with the lower end of our mass range. This suggests a CO chemical depletion from the gas phase of up to a factor of five for DM Tau and up to two orders of magnitude for GM Aur. We discuss how future analysis can narrow the mass ranges further.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 14 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables
Refined architecture of the WASP-8 system: a cautionary tale for traditional Rossiter-McLaughlin analysis
Creators: name: Bourrier, V.
name: Cegla, H. M.
name: Lovis, C.
name: Wyttenbach, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probing the trajectory of a transiting planet across the disk of its star through the analysis of its Rossiter-McLaughlin effect can be used to measure the differential rotation of the host star and the true obliquity of the system. Highly misaligned systems could be particularly conducive to these mesurements, which is why we reanalysed the HARPS transit spectra of WASP-8b using the 'Rossiter-McLaughlin effect reloaded' (reloaded RM) technique. This approach allows us to isolate the local stellar CCF emitted by the planet-occulted regions. As a result we identified a $\sim$35% variation in the local CCF contrast along the transit chord, which might trace a deepening of the stellar lines from the equator to the poles. Whatever its origin, such an effect cannot be detected when analyzing the RV centroids of the disk-integrated CCFs through a traditional velocimetric analysis of the RM effect. Consequently it injected a significant bias into the results obtained by Queloz et al. (2010) for the projected rotational velocity $v_{eq} \sin i_{\star}$ (1.59$\stackrel{+0.08}{_{-0.09}}$ km/s) and the sky-projected obliquity $λ$ (-123.0$\stackrel{+3.4}{_{-4.4}}^{\circ}$). Using our technique, we measured these values to be $v_{eq} \sin i_{\star}$ = 1.90$\pm$0.05 km/s and $λ$ = -143.0$\stackrel{+1.6}{_{-1.5}}^{\circ}$. We found no compelling evidence for differential rotation of the star, although there are hints that WASP-8 is pointing away from us with the stellar poles rotating about 25% slower than the equator. Measurements at higher accuracy during ingress/egress will be required to confirm this result. In contrast to the traditional analysis of the RM effect, the reloaded RM technique directly extracts the local stellar CCFs, allowing us to analyze their shape and to measure their RV centroids, unbiased by variations in their contrast or FWHM.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 12 pages
Auditory analogue pattern transmission
Creators: name: Seligman, Peter Misha
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Investigating Profiled Side-Channel Attacks Against the DES Key Schedule
Creators: name: Heyszl, Johann
name: Miller, Katja
name: Unterstein, Florian
name: Schink, Marc
name: Wagner, Alexander
name: Gieser, Horst
name: Freud, Sven
name: Damm, Tobias
name: Klein, Dominik
name: Kügler, Dennis
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2020

description: Recent publications describe profiled single trace side-channel attacks (SCAs) against the DES key-schedule of a “commercially available security controller”. They report a significant reduction of the average remaining entropy of cryptographic keys after the attack, with surprisingly large, key-dependent variations of attack results, and individual cases with remaining key entropies as low as a few bits. Unfortunately, they leave important questions unanswered: Are the reported wide distributions of results plausible - can this be explained? Are the results device-specific or more generally applicable to other devices? What is the actual impact on the security of 3-key triple DES? We systematically answer those and several other questions by analyzing two commercial security controllers and a general purpose microcontroller. We observe a significant overall reduction and, importantly, also observe a large key-dependent variation in single DES key security levels, i.e. 49.4 bit mean and 0.9 % of keys < 40 bit (first investigated security controller; other results similar). We also observe a small fraction of keys with exceptionally low security levels that can be called weak keys. It is unclear, whether a device’s side-channel security should be assessed based on such rare weak key outliers. We generalize results to other leakage models by attacking the hardware DES accelerator of a general purpose microcontroller exhibiting a different leakage model. A highly simplified leakage simulation also confirms the wide distribution and shows that security levels are predictable to some extent. Through extensive investigations we find that the actual weakness of keys mainly stems from the specific switching noise they cause. Based on our investigations we expect that widely distributed results and weak outliers should be expected for all profiled attacks against (insufficiently protected) key-schedules, regardless of the algorithm and specific implementation. Finally, we describe a sound approach to estimate actual 3-key triple-DES security levels from empirical single DES results and find that the impact on the security of 3-key triple-DES is limited, i.e. 96.1 bit mean and 0.24 % of key-triples < 80 bit for the same security controller.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 3
Shakedown of elastoplastic grids
Creators: name: Spencer, William John
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Simultaneous localisation and map building : the kidnapped way
Creators: name: Spero, Dorian Jack
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A novel fracture mechanics approach for the determination of susceptibility of engineering materials to stress corrosion cracking
Creators: name: Rihan, Rihan Omar
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Development of catalysis-related vocabularies: An overview
Creators: name: Moustakas, Nikolaos
name: Dörr, Mark
name: Linke, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Vocabularies
NFDI4Cat

description: A flyer for 56. Jahrestreffen Deutscher Katalytiker (Weimar, 15-17 / 3 / 2023 ) describing main the creation and curation of vocabularies within NFDI4Cat.
Strengthening Sequential Side-Channel Attacks Through Change Detection
Creators: name: Frittoli, Luca
name: Bocchi, Matteo
name: Mella, Silvia
name: Carrera, Diego
name: Rossi, Beatrice
name: Fragneto, Pasqualina
name: Susella, Ruggero
name: Boracchi, Giacomo
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2020

description: The sequential structure of some side-channel attacks makes them subject to error propagation, i.e. when an error occurs during the recovery of some part of a secret key, all the following guesses might as well be chosen randomly. We propose a methodology that strengthens sequential attacks by automatically identifying and correcting errors. The core ingredient of our methodology is a change-detection test that monitors the distribution of the distinguisher values used to reconstruct the secret key. Our methodology includes an error-correction procedure that can cope both with false positives of the change-detection test, and inaccuracies of the estimated location of the wrong key guess. The proposed methodology is general and can be included in several attacks. As meaningful examples, we conduct two different side-channel attacks against RSA-2048: an horizontal power-analysis attack based on correlation and a vertical timing attack. Our experiments show that, in all the considered cases, strengthened attacks outperforms their original counterparts and alternative solutions that are based on thresholds. In particular, strengthened attacks achieve high success rates even when the side-channel measurements are noisy or limited in number, without prohibitively increasing the computing time.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 3
Entanglement dynamics for uniformly accelerated two-level atoms coupled with electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations
Creators: name: Yang, Yiquan
name: Hu, Jiawei
name: Yu, Hongwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the entanglement dynamics of two uniformly accelerated atoms with the same acceleration perpendicular to their separation. The two-atom system is treated as an open system coupled with fluctuating electromagnetic fields in the Minkowski vacuum, and in the Born-Markov approximation the master equation that describes the completely positive time evolution of the two-atom system is derived. In particular, we investigate the phenomena of entanglement degradation, generation, revival and enhancement. As opposed to the scalar-field case, the entanglement dynamics is crucially dependent on the polarization directions of the atoms. For the two-atom system with certain acceleration and separation, the polarization directions of the atoms may determine whether entanglement generation, revival or enhancement happens, while for entanglement degradation, they affect the decay rate of entanglement. A comparison between the entanglement evolution of accelerated atoms and that of static ones immersed in a thermal bath at the Unruh temperature shows that they are the same only when the acceleration is extremely small.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures, published version
Optimal synthesis of nonhomogeneous laterally loaded plane two-dimensional systems
Creators: name: Rozvany, G.I.N.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Why Ortho- and Para-Hydroxy Metabolites Can Scavenge Free Radicals that the Parent Atorvastatin Cannot? Important Pharmacologic Insight from Quantum Chemistry
Creators: name: Baldea, Ioan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The pharmaceutical success of atorvastatin (ATV), a widely employed drug against the "bad" cholesterol (LDL) and cardiovascular diseases, traces back to its ability to scavenge free radicals. Unfortunately, information on its antioxidant properties is missing or unreliable. Here, we report detailed quantum chemical results for ATV and its ortho- and para-hydroxy metabolites (o-ATV, p-ATV) in the methanolic phase. They comprise global reactivity indices, bond order indices, and spin densities as well as all relevant enthalpies of reaction (bond dissociation BDE, ionization IP and electron attachment EA, proton detachment PDE and proton affinity PA, and electron transfer ETE). With these properties in hand, we can provide the first theoretical explanation of the experimental finding that, due to their free radical scavenging activity, ATV hydroxy metabolites rather than the parent ATV, have substantial inhibitory effect on LDL and the like. Surprisingly (because it is contrary to the most cases currently known), we unambiguously found that HAT (direct hydrogen atom transfer) rather than SPLET (sequential proton loss electron transfer) or SET-PT (stepwise electron transfer proton transfer) is the thermodynamically preferred pathway by which o-ATV and p-ATV in methanolic phase can scavenge DPPH$^\bullet$ (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radicals. From a quantum chemical perspective, the ATV's species investigated are surprising because of the nontrivial correlations between bond dissociation energies, bond lengths, bond order indices and pertaining stretching frequencies, which do not fit the framework of naive chemical intuition.
The geometry of differential constraints for a class of evolution PDEs
Creators: name: De Vecchi, Francesco C.
name: Morando, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35A30, 35B06

description: The problem of computing differential constraints for a family of evolution PDEs is discussed from a constructive point of view. A new method, based on the existence of generalized characteristics for evolution vector fields, is proposed in order to obtain explicit differential constraints for PDEs belonging to this family. Several examples, with applications in non-linear stochastic filtering theory, stochastic perturbation of soliton equations and non-isospectral integrable systems, are discussed in detail to verify the effectiveness of the method.
description: Revised abstract and introduction
Empirical Characterization of the Dynamic Effects of Fiscal Policy Shocks on Key Macroeconomic variables in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Abebe, Daniel
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2012

description: The Ethiopian economy has recorded an impressive growth performance for nearly a decade. The government has had a substantial and persistent size in the economy over these years. The dynamic effect of fiscal policy on macroeconomic variables is, however, far from being obvious. The objectives of this study are, therefore, to empirically characterize the dynamic effects of net government spending, net tax revenue as well as disaggregated government spending components on key macroeconomic variables in Ethiopia using quarterly data over the period 1998/99:1-2010/11:4. A five variable and six variables SVAR models are constructed and the Blanchard and Perotti (2002) approach is employed to identify structural innovations. Impulse responses and variance decompositions are then estimated, respectively, to trace out the dynamic effects and unveil the relative importance of shocks in explaining the endogenous variables in the models. To substantiate the result, the recursive identification approach based on Cholesky decomposition is also used. Government expenditure shocks are expansionary and have inflationary impact at least in the short term. Tax shocks, on the other hand, have positive effect on output through increasing expenditures and have little impact on inflation. In view of the narrow tax base, there is a need to enhance the capacity to collect and administer tax. In normal times capital spending are more expansionary. Current spending can be used to stimulate the economy at the expense of lower output in the long run.
Development of a frequency encoded chipless RFID tag
Creators: name: Roy, Sushim Mukul
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
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 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA SOSIAL DALAM PENGEMBANGAN BISNIS PEMPEK AL–KINDI DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Creators: name: Esya Alhadi
name: Mariskha Z
name: Yusleli Herawati
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Penjualan
Offline
Online
Promosi

description: Persaingan dalam dunia usaha menuntut pelaku bisnis untuk dapat
 membuat dan merancang sebuah strategi yang akurat dan tepat sasaran,
 salah satunya adalah dalam bidang promosi. Salah satu pelaku usaha yang
 bergerak dalam bidang kuliner adalah Pempek Al-Kindi Palembang.
 Pempek Al-Kindi adalah salah satu UMKM di Kota Palembang yang
 didirikan kurang lebih 5 tahun lalu dan bergerak di bidang kuliner
 tradisional pempek yang berlokasi di Jalan Soekarno Hatta, Karya Baru,
 Kec. Alang-Alang Lebar, Kota Palembang Sumatera Selatan. Permasalahan
 yang dihadapi di usaha Pempek Al-kindi tersebut yaitu pada (1) Bidang
 Pemasaran. (2) Bidang Promosi (3) Bidang Produksi. Metode yang
 dilakukan adalah dengan sosialisasi terlebih dahulu, kemudian
 pelaksanaan kegiatan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah mitra lebih siap untuk
 beralih pada penjualan online. Mitra lebih maksimal menggunakan media
 sosial atau media online dalam mempromosikan produk. Kemudian tim
 juga ikut membantu membuat desain yang menarik dalam
 mempromosikan produk mitra di media sosial, sehingga produk mitra
 akan lebih dikenal di masyarakat dan dapat mengurangi jumlah produk
 yang tidak habis terjual.
Blending and characterisation of modified polyethylene coatings for improved cathodic disbondment performance on steel
Creators: name: Roy, Debashis
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Test of a hypothesis of realism in quantum theory using a bayesian approach
Creators: name: Nikitin, N.
name: Toms, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose a time-independent \textit{equality} and time-dependent \textit{inequality}, suitable for an experimental test of the hypothesis of realism. The derivation of these relations is based on the concept of conditional probability and on Bayes' theorem in the framework of Kolmogorov's axiomatics of probability theory. The equality obtained is intrinsically different from the well known GHZ-equality and its variants, because violation of the new equality might be tested in experiments with only two microsystems in a maximally entangled Bell state $\big\vert\, Ψ^-\,\big\rangle$, while a test of the GHZ-equality requires at least three quantum systems in a special state $\big\vert\, Ψ^{\textrm{GHZ}}\,\big\rangle$. The obtained inequality differs from Bell's, Wigner's, and Leggett-Garg inequalities, because it deals with spin $s=1/2$ projections onto only two non-parallel directions at two different moments of time, while a test of the Bell and Wigner inequalities requires at least three non-parallel directions, and a test of the Leggett-Garg inequalities -- at least three distinct moments of time. Hence, the proposed inequality seems to allow one to avoid the "contextuality loophole". Violation of the proposed equality and inequality is illustrated with the behaviour of a pair of anti-correlated spins in an external magnetic field and also with the oscillations of flavour-entangled pairs of neutral pseudoscalar mesons.
description: 39 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. A
Luminous and Variable Stars in M31 and M33. IV. Luminous Blue Variables, Candidate LBVs, and the B[e] Supergiants; How to Tell Them Apart
Creators: name: Humphreys, Roberta M.
name: Gordon, Michael S.
name: Martin, John C.
name: Weis, Kerstin
name: Hahn, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this series of papers we have presented the results of a spectroscopic survey of luminous and variable stars in the nearby spirals M31 and M33. In this paper, we present spectroscopy of 132 additional luminous stars, variables, and emission line objects. Most of the stars have emission line spectra, including LBVs and candidate LBVs, Fe II emission line stars and the B[e] supergiants, and the warm hypergiants. Many of these objects are spectroscopically similar and are often confused with each other. With this large spectroscopic data set including various types of emission line stars, we examine their similarities and differences and propose the following criteria that can be used to help distinguish these stars in future work: 1. The B[e] supergiants have emission lines of [O I] and [Fe II] in their spectra. Most of the spectroscopically confirmed sgB[e] stars also have warm circumstellar dust in their SEDs. 2. Confirmed LBVs do not have the [O I] emission lines in their spectra. Some LBVs have [Fe II] emission lines, but not all. Their SEDS shows free-free emission in the near-infrared but no evidence for warm dust. Their most important and defining characteristic is the S Dor-type variability. 3. The warm hypergiants spectroscopically resemble both the LBVs in their eruption or dense wind state and the B[e] supergiants. However, they are very dusty. Some have [Fe II] and [O I] emission in their spectra like the sgB[e] stars, but can be distinguished by their absorption line spectra characteristic of A and F-type supergiants. In contrast, the B[e] supergiant spectra have strong continua and few if any apparent absorption lines.
description: 42 pages, 6 figures, 7 tables. Submitted to ApJ for publication, November 2016
Estimation of pollution accumulation for stormwater washoff modelling
Creators: name: Smith, Wendy
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
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 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Willingness to Pay for Improved Water Services in Sierra Leone: Evidence from Makeni
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Brima
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2003

description: Many developing are experiencing rapid urbanization in human settlements, at the same time, available fresh water supplies continue to decline. Recognizing the harm to health, economic productivity, and quality of life that can result from inadequate services, international donors and governments of developing countries have mounted numerous efforts to avert this problem. So far, the strategies of these organizations have been supply oriented, totally ignoring the importance of demand in the selection of appropriate policies. Hence, it is necessary to undertake a study on the demand side, which will depicts the needs of the consumers and whether they are willing to pay for such services.The study used the Contingency Valuation Method with a checklist format and bidding game to analyse households' Willingness To Pay for improved water services in Makeni, and to determine the appropriateness of the existing government policy in relation to water supply and draw up appropriate policy implications and recommendations based on the findings.Descriptive analysis of survey findings reveals that households in Makeni are willing to pay less than the previously existing tariff. Despite this, the aggregate WTP value per month is Le14 million (approximately US$7000) and this amount is almost ten times greater than the previously realised monthly figure. The results further reveal that starting point bias affects the final willingness to pay bids of the respondents. The multivariate analysis used the Heckman selection model. The probit results indicate that responsibility for water management, water quality and income produce the largest marginal effects. The OLS results depict that willingness to pay is positively related to income, education and water quality while it is negatively related to the age of the respondent and responsibility. However, since the contingent valuation method is hypothetical, the estimated values should be regarded as approximations and that the actual behavior of the households can only be gauged when the improved water system is reintroduced.
Helicity, anisotropies and their competition in a multiferroic magnet: insight from the phase diagram
Creators: name: Gvozdikova, M. V.
name: Ziman, T.
name: Zhitomirsky, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the complex phase diagram of MnWO4, we investigate competition between anisotropy, magnetic field, and helicity for the anisotropic next-nearest-neighbor Heisenberg model. Apart from two competing exchanges, which favor a spiral magnetic structure, the model features the bi-axial single-ion anisotropy. The model is treated in the real-space mean-field approximation and the phase diagram containing various incommensurate and commensurate states is obtained for different field orientations. We discuss similarities and differences of the theoretical phase diagram and the experimental diagram of MnWO4.
description: 5 pages, as accepted
Management Effect on the Weed Control Efficiency in Double Cropping Systems
Creators: name: Schmidt, Fruzsina
name: Böhm, Herwart
name: Graß, Rüdiger
name: Wachendorf, Michael
name: Piepho, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: organic agriculture
subject: winter cover crop
subject: silage maize
subject: roller-crimper
subject: tillage
subject: row width
subject: relative species abundance
subject: 630
subject: Biologische Landwirtschaft
subject: Silomais
subject: Häckselmaschine
subject: Biodiversität
subject: Bodenbearbeitung

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
Massive vectors and loop observables: the $g-2$ case
Creators: name: Biggio, Carla
name: Bordone, Marzia
name: Di Luzio, Luca
name: Ridolfi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the use of massive vectors for the interpretation of some recent experimental anomalies, with special attention to the muon $g-2$. We restrict our discussion to the case where the massive vector is embedded into a spontaneously broken gauge symmetry, so that the predictions are not affected by the choice of an arbitrary energy cut-off. Extended gauge symmetries, however, typically impose strong constraints on the mass of the new vector boson and for the muon $g-2$ they basically rule out, barring the case of abelian gauge extensions, the explanation of the discrepancy in terms of a single vector extension of the standard model. We finally comment on the use of massive vectors for $B$-meson decay and di-photon anomalies.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure. References added, to appear in JHEP
Three-dimensional non-Bosonic non-Fermionic quasiparticle through a quantized topological defect of crystal dislocation
Creators: name: Li, Mingda
name: Song, Qichen
name: Dresselhaus, Mildred S.
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is a fundamental postulate that quasiparticles in 3D space obey either Bosonic or Fermionic statistics, satisfying either canonical commutation or anti-commutation relation. However, under certain constraints, such as the 2D dimensional constraint, canonical quantization algebra is allowed to break down, and quasiparticles can obey other statistics, such as anyonic statistics. In this study, we show that dislons- the quasiparticles in 3D due to quantized displacement field of a dislocation- can also obey neither Bosonic nor Fermionic statistics due to the topological constraint of the dislocation. With this theory, an effective electron field theory based on the electron-dislon interaction is obtained, which consists of two types of interactions. One classical-type of interaction is reducible to the well-known deformation potential scattering, and the other quantum-type of interaction indicates an effective attraction between electrons. The role of dislocations in superconductivity is clarified as the competition between the classical and quantum interactions, showing excellent agreement with experiments.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. Comments are welcome
Evolution of Protoplanetary Discs with Magnetically Driven Disc Winds
Creators: name: Suzuki, Takeru K.
name: Ogihara, Masahiro
name: Morbidelli, Alessandro
name: Crida, Aurélien
name: Guillot, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We investigate the evolution of protoplanetary discs (PPDs hereafter) with magnetically driven disc winds and viscous heating. Methods: We consider an initially massive disc with ~0.1 Msun to track the evolution from the early stage of PPDs. We solve the time evolution of surface density and temperature by taking into account viscous heating and the loss of the mass and the angular momentum by the disc winds within the framework of a standard alpha model for accretion discs. Our model parameters, turbulent viscosity, disc wind mass loss, and disc wind torque, which are adopted from local magnetohydrodynamical simulations and constrained by the global energetics of the gravitational accretion, largely depends on the physical condition of PPDs, particularly on the evolution of the vertical magnetic flux in weakly ionized PPDs. Results: Although there are still uncertainties concerning the evolution of the vertical magnetic flux remaining, surface densities show a large variety, depending on the combination of these three parameters, some of which are very different from the surface density expected from the standard accretion. When a PPD is in a "wind-driven accretion" state with the preserved vertical magnetic field, the radial dependence of the surface density can be positive in the inner region <1-10 au. The mass accretion rates are consistent with observations, even in the very low level of magnetohydrodynamical turbulence. Such a positive radial slope of the surface density gives a great impact on planet formation because (i)it inhibits the inward drift or even results in the outward drift of pebble/boulder-sized solid bodies, and (ii) it also makes the inward type-I migration of proto-planets slower or even reversed. Conclusions: The variety of our calculated PPDs should yield a wide variety of exoplanet systems.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures embedded, accepted by A&A (comments are welcome)
Macroeconomic Determinants of Unemployment in Ethiopia: Time Series Analysis using auto-regressive distributed lag model
Creators: name: Dejene, Bekele
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: This study examined the macroeconomic determinants of unemployment in Ethiopia over a period of 1978 to 2018 by investigating the empirical relationship between unemployment (UN), real gross domestic product (RGDP), net foreign direct investment (NFDI), external debt (ED), real exchange rate (RER), inflation rate (INFR) and Proclamation that encourage private employment agencies as dummy variable (DM_LM) using Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model and Error Correction model (ECM). The result reveals that RGDP,NFDI and INFR) affect unemployment negatively in the short run while ED and RER have positive relation with unemployment and statistically significant at 5% level in the short run. However, in the long run, only RGDP and RER are negatively related with unemployment and statistically significant. The effect of economic growth is higher than other determinants in short run and long run. The ECM equilibrates the short run dynamics to the long run dynamics by the speed of 19.93%. The relationship between unemployment and inflation rate is negative in the short run and positive in the long run which implies Phillips curve exists only in the short run. It is recommended that policies and strategies focusing on increasing economic growth focusing on agriculture, improving trade balance through devaluing domestic currency relative to foreign currency, enhancing infant domestic industries instead of attracting FDI, reduce external loan, control inflationary problem, investing in modernizing labour market service provision are crucial and that government should give due attention to reduce unemployment in Ethiopia.
Elastic analysis and behaviour of box girders
Creators: name: Bennetts, Ian D.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Modeling of bound electron effects in particle-in-cell simulation
Creators: name: An, Xiangyan
name: Chen, Min
name: Sheng, Zheng-Ming
name: Zhang, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To include the bound electron effects in particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation, we propose a model in which the response of the dipole components of partially ionized ions to external electromagnetic fields can be included. Instead of treating the macro-ion particle as a single particle without an internal structure, the ions are considered to have a structure composed of a central nucleus and a bounded electron cloud in our model. The two parts experience the interactions of both the external electromagnetic fields and the internal Coulomb fields. In this way, the laser scattering effects by a partially ionized medium can be modeled properly in the PIC simulation. The laser propagation in a neutral medium and the Bragg scattering of the laser in crystal structure have been simulated with a PIC code modified based on our model as the benchmark. Our model may find applications to study some interesting problems, such as the x-ray laser-driven wakefield acceleration in crystals, the x-ray laser-driven high energy density physics, and intense laser propagation in partially ionized nonlinear optical materials, etc.
description: published as Communications in Computational Physics, 32 (2022), pp. 583-594
Generalization of Quadratic Manifolds for Reduced Order Modeling of Nonlinear Structural Dynamics
Creators: name: Rutzmoser, J. B.
name: Rixen, D. J.
name: Tiso, P.
name: Jain, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a generalization of a quadratic manifold approach for the reduction of geometrically nonlinear structural dynamics problems is presented. This generalization is constructed by a linearization of the static force with respect to the generalized coordinates, resulting in a shift of the quadratic behavior from the force to the manifold. In this framework, static derivatives emerge as natural extensions to modal derivatives for displacement fields other than the vibration modes, such as the Krylov subspace vectors. Here the dynamic problem is projected onto the tangent space of the quadratic manifold, allowing for a much less number of generalized coordinates compared to linear basis methods. The potential of the quadratic manifold approach is investigated in a numerical study, where several variations of the approach are compared on different examples, indicating a clear pattern where the proposed approach is applicable.
Lightning climatology of exoplanets and brown dwarfs guided by Solar System data
Creators: name: Hodosán, Gabriella
name: Helling, Christiane
name: Asensio-Torres, Rubén
name: Vorgul, Irena
name: Rimmer, Paul B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clouds form on extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs where lightning could occur. Lightning is a tracer of atmospheric convection, cloud formation and ionization processes as known from the Solar System, and may be significant for the formation of prebiotic molecules. We study lightning climatology for the different atmospheric environments of Earth, Venus, Jupiter and Saturn. We present lightning distribution maps for Earth, Jupiter and Saturn, and flash densities for these planets and Venus, based on optical and/or radio measurements from the WWLLN and STARNET radio networks, the LIS/OTD satellite instruments, the Galileo, Cassini, New Horizons and Venus Express spacecraft. We also present flash densities calculated for several phases of two volcano eruptions, Eyjafjallajökull's (2010) and Mt Redoubt's (2009). We estimate lightning rates for sample, transiting and directly imaged extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs. Based on the large variety of exoplanets, six categories are suggested for which we use the lightning occurrence information from the Solar System. We examine lightning energy distributions for Earth, Jupiter and Saturn. We discuss how strong stellar activity may support lightning activity. We provide a lower limit of the total number of flashes that might occur on transiting planets during their full transit as input for future studies. We find that volcanically very active planets might show the largest lightning flash densities. When applying flash densities of the large Saturnian storm from 2010/11, we find that the exoplanet HD 189733b would produce high lightning occurrence even during its short transit.
description: References updated, typos fixed. 24 pages, 7 figures, 7 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
$B_c\to B_{sJ}$ form factors and $B_c$ decays into $B_{sJ}$ in covariant light-front approach
Creators: name: Shi, Yu-Ji
name: Wang, Wei
name: Zhao, Zhen-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest to study the $B_{s}$ and its excitations $B_{sJ}$ in the $B_c$ decays. We calculate the $B_c\to B_{sJ}$ and $B_c\to B_{J}$ form factors within the covariant light-front quark model, where the $B_{sJ}$ and $B_{J}$ denote an s-wave or p-wave $\bar bs$ and $\bar bd$ meson, respectively. The form factors at $q^2=0$ are directly computed while their $q^2$-distributions are obtained by the extrapolation. The derived form factors are then used to study semileptonic $B_c\to (B_{sJ},B_{J})\bar\ellν$ decays, and nonleptonic $B_c\to B_{sJ}π$. Branching fractions and polarizations are predicted in the standard model. We find that the branching fractions are sizable and might be accessible at the LHC experiment and future high-energy $e^+e^-$ colliders with a high luminosity at the $Z$-pole. The future experimental measurements are helpful to study the nonperturbative QCD dynamics in the presence of a heavy spectator and also of great value for the spectroscopy study.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures