cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Multi Camera Unsupervised Domain Adaptation Pipeline for Object Detection in Cultural Sites through Adversarial Learning and Self-Training
Creators: name: Pasqualino, Giovanni
name: Furnari, Antonino
name: Farinella, Giovanni Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Object detection algorithms allow to enable many interesting applications which can be implemented in different devices, such as smartphones and wearable devices. In the context of a cultural site, implementing these algorithms in a wearable device, such as a pair of smart glasses, allow to enable the use of augmented reality (AR) to show extra information about the artworks and enrich the visitors' experience during their tour. However, object detection algorithms require to be trained on many well annotated examples to achieve reasonable results. This brings a major limitation since the annotation process requires human supervision which makes it expensive in terms of time and costs. A possible solution to reduce these costs consist in exploiting tools to automatically generate synthetic labeled images from a 3D model of the site. However, models trained with synthetic data do not generalize on real images acquired in the target scenario in which they are supposed to be used. Furthermore, object detectors should be able to work with different wearable devices or different mobile devices, which makes generalization even harder. In this paper, we present a new dataset collected in a cultural site to study the problem of domain adaptation for object detection in the presence of multiple unlabeled target domains corresponding to different cameras and a labeled source domain obtained considering synthetic images for training purposes. We present a new domain adaptation method which outperforms current state-of-the-art approaches combining the benefits of aligning the domains at the feature and pixel level with a self-training process. We release the dataset at the following link https://iplab.dmi.unict.it/OBJ-MDA/ and the code of the proposed architecture at https://github.com/fpv-iplab/STMDA-RetinaNet.
Coherent state Quantization of quaternions
Creators: name: Muraleetharan, B.
name: Thirulogasanthar, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R30, 46E22

description: Parallel to the quantization of the complex plane, using the canonical coherent states of a right quaternionic Hilbert space, quaternion field of quaternionic quantum mechanics is quantized. Associated upper symbols, lower symbols and related quantities are analysed. Quaternionic version of the harmonic oscillator and Weyl-Heisenberg algebra are also obtained.
description: 19 pages
$3$-anti-circulant digraphs are $α$-diperfect and BE-diperfect
Creators: name: Freitas, Lucas Ismaily Bezerra
name: Lee, Orlando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $D$ be a digraph. A subset $S$ of $V(D)$ is a stable set if every pair of vertices in $S$ is non-adjacent in $D$. A collection of disjoint paths $\mathcal{P}$ of $D$ is a path partition of $V(D)$, if every vertex in $V(D)$ is exactly on a path of $\mathcal{P}$. We say that a stable set $S$ and a path partition $\mathcal{P}$ are orthogonal if each path of $P$ contains exactly one vertex of $S$. A digraph $D$ satisfies the $α$-property if for every maximum stable set $S$ of $D$, there exists a path partition $\mathcal{P}$ such that $S$ and $\mathcal{P}$ are orthogonal. A digraph $D$ is $α$-diperfect if every induced subdigraph of $D$ satisfies the $α$-property. In 1982, Claude Berge proposed a characterization for $α$-diperfect digraphs in terms of forbidden anti-directed odd cycles. In 2018, Sambinelli, Silva and Lee proposed a similar conjecture. A digraph $D$ satisfies the Begin-End-property or BE-property if for every maximum stable set $S$ of $D$, there exists a path partition $\mathcal{P}$ such that (i) $S$ and $\mathcal{P}$ are orthogonal and (ii) for each path $P \in \mathcal{P}$, either the start or the end of $P$ belongs to $S$. A digraph $D$ is BE-diperfect if every induced subdigraph of $D$ satisfies the BE-property. Sambinelli, Silva and Lee proposed a characterization for BE-diperfect digraphs in terms of forbidden blocking odd cycles. In this paper, we verified both conjectures for $3$-anti-circulant digraphs. We also present some structural results for $α$-diperfect and BE-diperfect digraphs.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2111.12168
Stochastic ratcheting of two dimensional colloids : Directed current and dynamical transitions
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Dipanjan
name: Chaudhuri, Debasish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of molecular dynamics simulations for two-dimensional repulsively interacting colloids driven by a one dimensional asymmetric and commensurate ratchet potential, switching on and off stochastically. This drives a time-averaged directed current of colloids, exhibiting resonance with change in ratcheting frequency, where the resonance frequency itself depends non-monotonically on density. Using scaling arguments, we obtain analytic results that show good agreement with numerical simulations. With increasing ratcheting frequency, we find non-equilibrium re-entrant transitions between solid and modulated liquid phases.
description: paper and supplementary; published version
Cross-Layer Approximation For Printed Machine Learning Circuits
Creators: name: Armeniakos, Giorgos
name: Zervakis, Georgios
name: Soudris, Dimitrios
name: Tahoori, Mehdi B.
name: Henkel, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Printed electronics (PE) feature low non-recurring engineering costs and low per unit-area fabrication costs, enabling thus extremely low-cost and on-demand hardware. Such low-cost fabrication allows for high customization that would be infeasible in silicon, and bespoke architectures prevail to improve the efficiency of emerging PE machine learning (ML) applications. However, even with bespoke architectures, the large feature sizes in PE constraint the complexity of the ML models that can be implemented. In this work, we bring together, for the first time, approximate computing and PE design targeting to enable complex ML models, such as Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs), in PE. To this end, we propose and implement a cross-layer approximation, tailored for bespoke ML architectures. At the algorithmic level we apply a hardware-driven coefficient approximation of the ML model and at the circuit level we apply a netlist pruning through a full search exploration. In our extensive experimental evaluation we consider 14 MLPs and SVMs and evaluate more than 4300 approximate and exact designs. Our results demonstrate that our cross approximation delivers Pareto optimal designs that, compared to the state-of-the-art exact designs, feature 47% and 44% average area and power reduction, respectively, and less than 1% accuracy loss.
description: Accepted for publication at the 25th Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference (DATE'22), Mar 14-23 2022, Antwerp, Belgium
Measurement-based interleaved randomised benchmarking using IBM processors
Creators: name: Strydom, Conrad
name: Tame, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computers have the potential to outperform classical computers in a range of computational tasks, such as prime factorisation and unstructured searching. However, real-world quantum computers are subject to noise. Quantifying noise is of vital importance, since it is often the dominant factor preventing the successful realisation of advanced quantum computations. Here we propose and demonstrate an interleaved randomised benchmarking protocol for measurement-based quantum computers that can be used to estimate the fidelity of any single-qubit measurement-based gate. We tested the protocol on IBM superconducting quantum processors by estimating the fidelity of the Hadamard and T gates - a universal single-qubit gate set. Measurements were performed on entangled cluster states of up to 31 qubits. Our estimated gate fidelities show good agreement with those calculated from quantum process tomography. By artificially increasing noise, we were able to show that our protocol detects large noise variations in different implementations of a gate.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, appendix
Non-Equilibrium Electrons in the Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Avestruz, Camille
name: Nagai, Daisuke
name: Lau, Erwin T.
name: Nelson, Kaylea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of X-ray and Sunyaev-Zeldovich measurements of the intracluster medium (ICM) assumes that electrons are in thermal equilibrium with ions in the plasma. However, electron-ion equilibration timescales can be comparable to the Hubble time in the low density galaxy cluster outskirts, leading to differences between the electron and ion temperatures. This temperature difference can lead to systematic biases in cluster mass estimates and mass-observable scaling relations. To quantify the impact of non-equilibrium electrons on the ICM profiles in cluster outskirts, we use a high resolution cosmological simulation with a two-temperature model assuming the Spitzer equilibration timescale for the electrons. First, we show how the radial profile of this temperature bias depends on both the mass and mass accretion rate of the cluster; the bias is most pronounced in the most massive and most rapidly accreting clusters. For the most extreme case in our sample, we find that the bias is of order 10% at half of the cluster virial radius and increases to 40% at the edge of the cluster. We also find that gas in filaments is less susceptible to the non-equilibrium effect, leading to azimuthal variations at large cluster-centric radii. By analyzing mock Chandra observations of simulated clusters, we show that such azimuthal variations can be probed with deep X-ray observations. Finally, the mass-dependent temperature bias introduces biases in hydrostatic mass and cluster temperature, which has implications for cluster-based cosmological inferences. We provide a mass-dependent model for the temperature bias profile which can be useful for modeling the effect of electron-ion equilibration in galaxy clusters.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Updated to match published version on ApJ
FWO Junior postdoctoral fellowship – Application TERRYN Freya
Creators: name: Terryn, Freya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This file is an extension of my application for a FWO Junior Postdoctoral Fellowship. It is an overview of the main sources that will be used to achieve objective 1 = to define moral education and its place in educational policies of the Meiji period. It constitutes out of secondary sources discussing education in Japan, moral education in Japan, educational material published by the Ministry of Education, and sources assembling primary source material such as educational policies promulgated by the Ministry of Education during the Meiji period (proceeded by an *). All sources are either already in my possession (book or pdf format) or can be accessed via interlibrary loan services (Berlin State Library) as well as digital collections (National Diet Library Digital Collections).
Symmetries of curved superspace in five dimensions
Creators: name: Kuzenko, Sergei M.
name: Novak, Joseph
name: Tartaglino-Mazzucchelli, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a formalism to construct supersymmetric backgrounds within the superspace formulation for five-dimensional (5D) conformal supergravity given in arXiv:0802.3953. Our approach is applicable to any off-shell formulation for 5D minimal Poincare and anti-de Sitter supergravity theories realized as the Weyl multiplet coupled with two compensators. For those superspace backgrounds which obey the equations of motion for (gauged) supergravity, we naturally reproduce the supersymmetric solutions constructed a decade ago by Gauntlett et al. For certain supersymmetric backgrounds with eight supercharges, we construct a large family of off-shell supersymmetric sigma models such that the superfield Lagrangian is given in terms of the Kahler potential of a real analytic Kahler manifold.
description: 47 pages; V2: references added, minor modifications, published version
Using Artificial Intelligence in the Reconstruction of Signals from the PADME Electromagnetic Calorimeter
Creators: name: Dimitrova, Kalina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The PADME apparatus was built at the Frascati National Laboratory of INFN to search for a dark photon ($A'$) produced via the process $e^+ e^- \rightarrow A' γ$. The central component of the PADME detector is an electromagnetic calorimeter composed of 616 BGO crystals dedicated to the measurement of the energy and position of the final state photons. The high beam particle multiplicity over a short bunch duration requires reliable identification and measurement of overlapping signals. A regression machine-learning-based algorithm has been developed to disentangle with high efficiency close-in-time events and precisely reconstruct the amplitude of the hits and the time with sub-nanosecond resolution. The performance of the algorithm and the sequence of improvements leading to the achieved results are presented and discussed.
UAS-based Remote Sensing Techniques for Detecting Evapotranspiration, and the Effects of LEPA/LESA and MESA Sprinkler Configurations for Precision Irrigation Management
Creators: name: Molaei, Behnaz
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Crop lodging
Evapotranspiration
LESA/LEPA and MESA
METRIC energy balance model
Spearmint
Unmanned aerial systems imagery

description: This was a study of various methods for site-specific irrigation management. The effects of low elevation spray/precision application system (LESA/LEPA) and mid-elevation spray application (MESA) on spearmint and peppermint oil yield, crop lodging, and evapotranspiration (ET) suppression were studied. The results showed that a LESA/LEPA system could reduce water use by at least 15% without reducing oil concentration and mint oil yield. MESA caused the significantly higher amount of lodging in spearmint. The entropy value, or texture feature, is a viable method for estimating lodging using low-altitude RGB imagery. The total reduction in ET due to the microclimate modifications from wind drift and evaporation losses was small (0.5% of the total applied water) compared to the 15-20% differences in irrigation application efficiency between MESA and LESA. The second part of this thesis focused on improving ET estimation of the unmanned aerial system (UAS)-based METRIC energy balance model. The UAS-METRIC model is adapted from the Landsat METRIC model, which auto-selects two extreme temperatures, a hot pixel (dry, bare soil) and a cold pixel (fully irrigated and fully transpiring crop) for the internal calibration of the model. The results of this study showed that with UAS imagery, auto-selection of hot and cold pixels could result in poor internal calibration due to the limited scale of the imagery. Therefore, temperatures of several reference surfaces were compared with temperatures of dry, bare agricultural soil and fully irrigated grass to find the best correlated artificial hot and cold reference surfaces for the UAS data acquisition. A green sponge floating in the water and a terra cotta saucer plate full of water were the selected artificial cold reference surfaces. These were between 1.9–8.3 °C warmer than the non-stressed spearmint canopy. A dry mulch and dry terra cotta saucer plate were selected as the artificial hot pixel references. Application of dry red mulch/wet sponge and dry/wet saucer plate as artificial hot and cold reference surfaces for internal calibration of the UAS-METRIC model results in overestimating ET compared to using fully irrigated spearmint crop and dry red mulch as the cold and hot pixels respectively.
Topology optimization of locomoting soft bodies using material point method
Creators: name: Sato, Yuki
name: Kobayashi, Hiroki
name: Yuhn, Changyoung
name: Kawamoto, Atsushi
name: Nomura, Tsuyoshi
name: Kikuchi, Noboru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Topology optimization methods have widely been used in various industries, owing to their potential for providing promising design candidates for mechanical devices. However, their applications are usually limited to the objects which do not move significantly due to the difficulty in computationally efficient handling of the contact and interactions among multiple structures or with boundaries by conventionally used simulation techniques. In the present study, we propose a topology optimization method for moving objects incorporating the material point method, which is often used to simulate the motion of objects in the field of computer graphics. Several numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and the utility of the proposed method.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Extremals for $α$-Strichartz inequalities
Creators: name: Di, Boning
name: Yan, Dunyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A38 (Primary), 35B38, 35Q41 (Secondary)

description: A necessary and sufficient condition on the precompactness of extremal sequences for one dimensional $α$-Strichartz inequalities, equivalently $α$-Fourier extension estimates, is established based on the profile decomposition arguments. One of our main tools is an operator-convergence dislocation property consequence which comes from the van der Corput Lemma. Our result is valid in asymmetric cases as well. In addition, we obtain the existence of extremals for non-endpoint $α$-Strichartz inequalities.
description: 31 pages. Some small typos fixed
A Neural-Network based estimator to search for primordial non-Gaussianity in Planck CMB maps
Creators: name: Novaes, C. P.
name: Bernui, A.
name: Ferreira, I. S.
name: Wuensche, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an upgraded combined estimator, based on Minkowski Functionals and Neural Networks, with excellent performance in detecting primordial non-Gaussianity in simulated maps that also contain a weighted mixture of Galactic contaminations, besides real pixel's noise from Planck cosmic microwave background radiation data. We rigorously test the efficiency of our estimator considering several plausible scenarios for residual non-Gaussianities in the foreground-cleaned Planck maps, with the intuition to optimize the training procedure of the Neural Network to discriminate between contaminations with primordial and secondary non-Gaussian signatures. We look for constraints of primordial local non-Gaussianity at large angular scales in the foreground-cleaned Planck maps. For the $\mathtt{SMICA}$ map we found ${f}_{\rm \,NL} = 33 \pm 23$, at $1σ$ confidence level, in excellent agreement with the WMAP-9yr and Planck results. In addition, for the other three Planck maps we obtain similar constraints with values in the interval ${f}_{\rm \,NL} \in [33, 41]$, concomitant with the fact that these maps manifest distinct features in reported analyses, like having different pixel's noise intensities.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1312.3293
Combinatorics of tropical Hurwitz cycles
Creators: name: Hampe, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14T05, 14N10

description: We study properties of the tropical double Hurwitz loci defined by Bertram, Cavalieri and Markwig. We show that all such loci are connected in codimension one. If we mark preimages of simple ramification points, then for a generic choice of such points the resulting cycles are weakly irreducible, i.e. an integer multiple of an irreducible cycle. We study how Hurwitz cycles can be written as divisors of rational functions and show that they are numerically equivalent to a tropical version of a representation as a sum of boundary divisors. The results and counterexamples in this paper were obtained with the help of a-tint, an extension for polymake for tropical intersection theory.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures. Minor revisions, to appear in Journal of Algebraic Combinatorics
Robust Controllers for a Flexible Satellite Model
Creators: name: Govindaraj, Thavamani
name: Humaloja, Jukka-Pekka
name: Paunonen, Lassi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93C20, 93D23, 93B52, 35L99 (Primary) 93B28 (Secondary)

description: We consider a PDE-ODE model of a flexible satellite that is composed of two identical flexible solar panels and a center rigid body. We prove that the satellite model is exponentially stable in the sense that the energy of the solutions decays to zero exponentially. In addition, we construct two internal model based controllers, a passive controller and an observer based controller, such that the linear and angular velocities of the center rigid body converge to the given sinusoidal signals asymptotically. A numerical simulation is presented to compare the performances of the two controllers.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures
On Residually Finite Semigroups of Cellullar Automata
Creators: name: Ceccherini-Silberstein, Tullio
name: Coornaert, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E26, 20M30, 37B10, 37B15, 68Q80

description: We prove that if $M$ is a monoid and $A$ a finite set with more than one element, then the residual finiteness of $M$ is equivalent to that of the monoid consisting of all cellular automata over $M$ with alphabet $A$.
Governance Options for a Canadian Northern Corridor
Creators: name: Sulzenko, Andrei
name: Koch, Katharina
Publisher: name: The School of Public Policy Publications
Year: 2020

description: The purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework for the consideration of governance structures and processes related to the development of a new northern corridor. The framework divides corridor development into four stages: policy development; corridor routing; project implementation; and ongoing operations management. Governance options are examined for each of these stages, with an analysis of advantages and disadvantages. In doing so, the paper draws on examples of other major transportation infrastructure projects in Canada and abroad. Finally, the paper provides an assessment of a practical way forward and outlines the sequence of steps governments and other stakeholders could pursue towards a successful outcome.
description: The School of Public Policy Publications, Vol. 13 (2020)
A forensic analysis of the Google Home: repairing compressed data without error correction
Creators: name: Barral, Hadrien
name: Jaloyan, Georges-Axel
name: Thomas-Brans, Fabien
name: Regnery, Matthieu
name: Géraud-Stewart, Rémi
name: Heckmann, Thibaut
name: Souvignet, Thomas
name: Naccache, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper provides a detailed explanation of the steps taken to extract and repair a Google Home's internal data. Starting with reverse engineering the hardware of a commercial off-the-shelf Google Home, internal data is then extracted by desoldering and dumping the flash memory. As error correction is performed by the CPU using an undisclosed method, a new alternative method is shown to repair a corrupted SquashFS filesystem, under the assumption of a single or double bitflip per gzip-compressed fragment. Finally, a new method to handle multiple possible repairs using three-valued logic is presented.
description: 28 pages, modified version of paper that appeared originally at Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation
Strong Constraints on Sub-GeV Dark Matter from SLAC Beam Dump E137
Creators: name: Batell, Brian
name: Essig, Rouven
name: Surujon, Ze'ev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new constraints on sub-GeV dark matter and dark photons from the electron beam-dump experiment E137 conducted at SLAC in 1980-1982. Dark matter interacting with electrons (e.g., via a dark photon) could have been produced in the electron-target collisions and scattered off electrons in the E137 detector, producing the striking, zero-background signature of a high-energy electromagnetic shower that points back to the beam dump. E137 probes new and significant ranges of parameter space, and constrains the well-motivated possibility that invisibly decaying dark photons can explain the $\sim 3.6 σ$ discrepancy between the measured and SM value of the muon anomalous magnetic moment. It also restricts the parameter space in which the relic density of dark matter in these models is obtained from thermal freeze-out. E137 also convincingly demonstrates that (cosmic) backgrounds can be controlled and thus serves as a powerful proof-of-principle for future beam-dump searches for sub-GeV dark matter scattering off electrons in the detector.
description: 5 pages + references , 2 figures. v2: Fig. 2 now contains all constraints from visible A' searches; note added
Around Van den Bergh's double brackets for different bimodule structures
Creators: name: Fairon, Maxime
name: McCulloch, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A double Poisson bracket, in the sense of M. Van den Bergh, is an operation on an associative algebra $A$ which induces a Poisson bracket on each representation space $\operatorname{Rep}(A,n)$ in an explicit way. In this note, we study the impact of changing the Leibniz rules underlying a double bracket. This change amounts to make a suitable choice of $A$-bimodule structure on $A\otimes A$. In the most important cases, we describe how the choice of $A$-bimodule structure fixes an analogue to Jacobi identity, and we obtain induced Poisson brackets on representation spaces. The present theory also encodes a formalisation of the widespread tensor notation used to write Poisson brackets of matrices in mathematical physics.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure. Comments are welcome
Lawrence Weiskrantz additional information from Lawrence Weiskrantz. 28 March 1926—27 January 2018
Creators: name: Goodale, Melvyn Alan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: Neuroscience

description: Lawrence (Larry) Weiskrantz, widely recognized as one of the world's leading researchers in cognitive neuroscience, was professor and head of the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Oxford from 1967 until his retirement in 1993. Under his leadership, the department became, and continues to be, one of the world's leading centres for research in cognitive neuroscience. While at Oxford, he led a series of ground-breaking neuropsychological studies of residual cognitive and behavioural processing in patients with amnesia and cortical blindness. It was his demonstration of residual, but unconscious, visually-driven behaviour in patients who were clinically blind from damage to primary visual cortex that is his greatest legacy. He coined the now familiar term ‘Blindsight’ to refer to this remarkable ability. This work established Larry as a leader in research on unconscious processing, showing that operations from the control of action to high-level cognitive functions can unfold without conscious awareness. Because of his pioneering work, the study of the neural substrates of unconscious cognitive processes is now an essential and prominent part of the cognitive neuroscience enterprise worldwide.
Quasi-two-dimensional $S=1/2$ magnetism of Cu[C$_6$H$_2$(COO)$_4$][C$_2$H$_5$NH$_3$]$_2$
Creators: name: Nath, R.
name: Padmanabhan, M.
name: Baby, S.
name: Thirumurugan, A.
name: Ehlers, D.
name: Hemmida, M.
name: von Nidda, H. -A. Krug
name: Tsirlin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report structural and magnetic properties of the spin-$\frac12$ quantum antiferromagnet Cu[C$_6$H$_2$(COO)$_4$][C$_2$H$_5$NH$_3$]$_2$ by means of single-crystal x-ray diffraction, magnetization, heat capacity, and electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements on polycrystalline samples, as well as band-structure calculations. The triclinic crystal structure of this compound features CuO$_4$ plaquette units connected into a two-dimensional framework through anions of the pyromellitic acid [C$_6$H$_2$(COO)$_4$]$^{4-}$. The ethylamine cations [C$_2$H$_5$NH$_3]^+$ are located between the layers and act as spacers. Magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity measurements establish a quasi-two-dimensional, weakly anisotropic and non-frustrated spin-$\frac12$ square lattice with the ratio of the couplings $J_a/J_c\simeq 0.7$ along the $a$ and $c$ directions, respectively. No clear signatures of the long-range magnetic order are seen in thermodynamic measurements down to 1.8\,K. However, the gradual broadening of the ESR line suggests that magnetic ordering occurs at lower temperatures. Leading magnetic couplings are mediated by the organic anion of the pyromellitic acid and exhibit a non-trivial dependence on the Cu--Cu distance, with the stronger coupling between those Cu atoms that are further apart.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables
Lawrence Weiskrantz bibliography from Lawrence Weiskrantz. 28 March 1926—27 January 2018
Creators: name: Goodale, Melvyn Alan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: Neuroscience

description: Lawrence (Larry) Weiskrantz, widely recognized as one of the world's leading researchers in cognitive neuroscience, was professor and head of the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Oxford from 1967 until his retirement in 1993. Under his leadership, the department became, and continues to be, one of the world's leading centres for research in cognitive neuroscience. While at Oxford, he led a series of ground-breaking neuropsychological studies of residual cognitive and behavioural processing in patients with amnesia and cortical blindness. It was his demonstration of residual, but unconscious, visually-driven behaviour in patients who were clinically blind from damage to primary visual cortex that is his greatest legacy. He coined the now familiar term ‘Blindsight’ to refer to this remarkable ability. This work established Larry as a leader in research on unconscious processing, showing that operations from the control of action to high-level cognitive functions can unfold without conscious awareness. Because of his pioneering work, the study of the neural substrates of unconscious cognitive processes is now an essential and prominent part of the cognitive neuroscience enterprise worldwide.
Orbital angular momentum photonic quantum interface
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhi-Yuan
name: Li, Yan
name: Ding, Dong-Sheng
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Shi, Shuai
name: Shi, Bao-Sen
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) has great potential in enhancing the information channel capacity in both classical and quantum optical communications. Long distance optical communication requires the wavelengths of light are situated in the low-loss communication windows, but most quantum memories currently being developed for use in a quantum repeater work at different wavelengths, so a quantum interface to bridge the wavelength gap is necessary. So far, such an interface for OAM-carried light has not been realized yet. Here, we report the first experimental realization of a quantum interface for a heralded single photon carrying OAM using a nonlinear crystal in an optical cavity. The spatial structures of input and output photons exhibit strong similarity. More importantly, single-photon coherence is preserved during up-conversion as demonstrated.
description: Accepted for publication in journal, Light:Science &Applications
Integer circulant determinants of order 16
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Yuka
name: Yamaguchi, Naoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11C20, 15B36

description: We solve Olga Taussky-Todd's circulant problem in the case of order 16.
The Spatial Distribution of Satellite Galaxies Within Halos: Measuring the Very Small Scale Angular Clustering of SDSS Galaxies
Creators: name: Piscionere, Jennifer A.
name: Berlind, Andreas A.
name: McBride, Cameron K.
name: Scoccimarro, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the angular clustering of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 in order to probe the spatial distribution of satellite galaxies within their dark matter halos. Specifically, we measure the angular correlation function on very small scales (7-320") in a range of luminosity threshold samples (absolute r-band magnitudes of -18 up to -21) that are constructed from the subset of SDSS that has been spectroscopically observed more than once (the so-called plate overlap region). We choose to measure angular clustering in this reduced survey footprint in order to minimize the effects of fiber collision incompleteness, which are otherwise substantial on these small scales. We model our clustering measurements using a fully numerical halo model that populates dark matter halos in N-body simulations to create realistic mock galaxy catalogs. The model has free parameters that specify both the number and spatial distribution of galaxies within their host halos. We adopt a flexible density profile for the spatial distribution of satellite galaxies that is similar to the dark matter Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) profile, except that the inner slope is allowed to vary. We find that the angular clustering of our most luminous samples (Mr< -20 and -21) suggests that luminous satellite galaxies have substantially steeper inner density profiles than NFW. Lower luminosity samples are less constraining, however, and are consistent with satellite galaxies having shallow density profiles. Our results confirm the findings of Watson et al. 2012 while using different clustering measurements and modeling methodology.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures. Published in the Astrophysical Journal
Double-semion topological order from exactly solvable quantum dimer models
Creators: name: Qi, Yang
name: Gu, Zheng-Cheng
name: Yao, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a generalized quantum dimer model on two-dimensional nonbipartite lattices including the triangular lattice, the star lattice and the kagome lattice. At the Rokhsar-Kivelson (RK) point, we obtain its exact ground states that are shown to be a fully gapped quantum spin liquid with the double-semion topological order. The ground-state wave function of such a model at the RK point is a superposition of dimer configurations with a nonlocal sign structure determined by counting the number of loops in the transition graph. We explicitly demonstrate the double-semion topological order in the ground states by showing the semionic statistics of monomer excitations. We also discuss possible implications of such double-semion resonating valence bond states to candidate quantum spin-liquid systems discovered experimentally and numerically in the past few years.
description: 12pages, 10 figures; added the journal references
Sensitivity of predictions in an effective model -- application to the chiral critical end point position in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model
Creators: name: Biguet, Alexandre
name: Hansen, Hubert
name: Costa, Pedro
name: Borgnat, Pierre
name: Brugière, Timothée
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of the position of the chiral critical end point (CEP) in the QCD phase diagram is under debate. While it is possible to predict its position by using effective models specifically built to reproduce some of the features of the underlying theory (QCD), the quality of the predictions (\textit{e.g.}, the CEP position) obtained by such effective models, depends on whether solving the model equations constitute a well- or ill-posed inverse problem. Considering these predictions as being inverse problems provides tools to evaluate if the problem is ill-conditioned, meaning that infinitesimal variations of the inputs of the model can cause comparatively large variations of the predictions. If it is ill-conditioned, it has major consequences because of finite variations that could come from experimental and/or theoretical errors. In the following, we shall apply such a reasoning on the predictions of a particular Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model within the mean field + ring approximations, with special attention to the prediction of the chiral CEP position in the $(T-μ)$ plane. We find that the problem is ill-conditioned (\idest very sensitive to input variations) for the $T$-coordinate of the CEP, whereas, it is well-posed for the $μ$-coordinate of the CEP. As a consequence, when the chiral condensate varies in a $10$ MeV range, $μ_{CEP}$ varies far less. As an illustration to understand how problematic this could be, we show that the main consequence when taking into account finite variation of the inputs, is that the existence of the CEP itself cannot be predicted anymore: for a deviation as low as 0.6 \% with respect to vacuum phenomenology (well within the estimation of the first correction to the ring approximation) the CEP may or may not exist.
description: Improved version: slightly modified title, the introduction of the sensitivity was improved; reformulation of the sections; v2 with 20 pages and only 9 figures. Version accepted for publication in EPJA
Faithful realizability of tropical curves
Creators: name: Cheung, Man-Wai
name: Fantini, Lorenzo
name: Park, Jennifer
name: Ulirsch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14T05

description: We study whether a given tropical curve $Γ$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$ can be realized as the tropicalization of an algebraic curve whose non-archimedean skeleton is faithfully represented by $Γ$. We give an affirmative answer to this question for a large class of tropical curves that includes all trivalent tropical curves, but also many tropical curves of higher valence. We then deduce that for every metric graph $G$ with rational edge lengths there exists a smooth algebraic curve in a toric variety whose analytification has skeleton $G$, and the corresponding tropicalization is faithful. Our approach is based on a combination of the theory of toric schemes over discrete valuation rings and logarithmically smooth deformation theory, expanding on a framework introduced by Nishinou and Siebert.
description: 16 pages, introduction improved and other minor modifications, to appear in IMRN, comments very welcome!
VU Data Conversations: Open Science, Responsible Research Practices, Failures, Setbacks and Resilience
Creators: name: Karvovskaya, Lena
name: Cheplygina, Veronika
name: Tijdink, Joeri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Data Conversations
Open Data
FAIR data
Research Data Management
Failure
Open Science
Responsible Research Practices

description: Presentations given at the online edition of Data Conversations held at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and organised by the VU University Library on 28 October 2020. The theme of this edition was "Open Science, Responsible Research Practices, Failures, Setbacks and Resilience ". This edition of the Data Conversations was a part of the awareness campaign the Data Horror Week organized by the VU Library. We talked about the research culture, responsible research practices, and the importance of failures. Research transparency is unthinkable without a safe space to acknowledge and discuss errors and mistakes. Agenda 12:50 - 13:00 Sign in; check your microphone 13:00 Data Conversations begin Veronika Cheplygina "How I Fail in Open Science - Data horrors and fighting ghosts" -  you can also watch the recording of Veronika’s talk. Joeri Tijdink "How can Open Science foster responsible research practices" Q&A session About Data Conversations Data Conversations started at the University of Lancaster in the UK. The Lancaster Data Conversations aim to bring data practitioners together to talk about how researchers create, collect, use and share data. The Data Conversations at the VU Amsterdam share the same aim and are intended to provide a forum for researchers from different subjects and disciplines to exchange practices and ideas around open data, FAIR data, research data management and related open science topics.
Information-Theoretically Private Matrix Multiplication From MDS-Coded Storage
Creators: name: Zhu, Jinbao
name: Li, Songze
name: Li, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study two problems of private matrix multiplication, over a distributed computing system consisting of a master node, and multiple servers that collectively store a family of public matrices using Maximum-Distance-Separable (MDS) codes. In the first problem of Private and Secure Matrix Multiplication (PSMM) from colluding servers, the master intends to compute the product of its confidential matrix $\mathbf{A}$ with a target matrix stored on the servers, without revealing any information about $\mathbf{A}$ and the index of target matrix to some colluding servers. In the second problem of Fully Private Matrix Multiplication (FPMM) from colluding servers, the matrix $\mathbf{A}$ is also selected from another family of public matrices stored at the servers in MDS form. In this case, the indices of the two target matrices should both be kept private from colluding servers. We develop novel strategies for the two PSMM and FPMM problems, which simultaneously guarantee information-theoretic data/index privacy and computation correctness. We compare the proposed PSMM strategy with a previous PSMM strategy with a weaker privacy guarantee (non-colluding servers), and demonstrate substantial improvements over the previous strategy in terms of communication and computation overheads. Moreover, compared with a baseline FPMM strategy that uses the idea of Private Information Retrieval (PIR) to directly retrieve the desired matrix multiplication, the proposed FPMM strategy significantly reduces storage overhead, but slightly incurs large communication and computation overheads.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Soziale Unterschiede in der Inanspruchnahme medizinischer Leistungen von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland – Querschnittergebnisse aus KiGGS Welle 2
Creators: name: Lampert, Thomas
name: Prütz, Franziska
name: Rommel, Alexander
name: Kuntz, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: SOZIOÖKONOMISCHER STATUS
subject: GESUNDHEITLICHE UNGLEICHHEIT
subject: GESUNDHEITSVERSORGUNG
subject: GESUNDHEITSMONITORING
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Die Daten der Studie zur Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland (KiGGS) erlauben Aussagen über die Inanspruchnahme ambulanter und stationärer medizinischer Leistungen von Kindern und Jugendlichen unter Berücksichtigung des sozioökonomischen Status (SES) der Familie. Die Ergebnisse der zweiten Folgebefragung von KiGGS (KiGGS Welle 2), die sich auf die Jahre 2014 bis 2017 beziehen, machen deutlich, dass Kinder und Jugendliche aus Familien mit niedrigem SES häufiger Fachärztinnen und -ärzte für Allgemeinmedizin, Gynäkologie, Psychiatrie, Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie sowie Psychologinnen und Psychologen beziehungsweise psychologische Psychotherapeutinnen und -therapeuten in Anspruch nehmen. Kinderärztliche, dermatologische sowie zahnärztliche beziehungsweise kieferorthopädische Praxen hingegen werden vermehrt von Kindern und Jugendlichen aus Familien mit hohem SES aufgesucht. Keine bedeutsamen Unterschiede zwischen den Statusgruppen sind in Bezug auf die Inanspruchnahme ambulanter ärztlicher Leistungen in Krankenhäusern festzustellen. Allerdings werden Kinder und Jugendliche aus der niedrigen Statusgruppe häufiger in Krankenhäusern stationär versorgt und sie verbringen im Durchschnitt mehr Nächte im Krankenhaus. Die Ergebnisse spiegeln sowohl statusspezifische Unterschiede in der Krankheitshäufigkeit und im Versorgungsbedarf als auch statusspezifische Unterschiede im Inanspruchnahmeverhalten wider.
The crucial role of adhesion in the transmigration of active droplets through interstitial orifices
Creators: name: Tiribocchi, A.
name: Durve, M.
name: Lauricella, M.
name: Montessori, A.
name: Marenduzzo, D.
name: Succi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active fluid droplets are a class of soft materials exhibiting autonomous motion sustained by an energy supply. Such systems have been shown to capture motility regimes typical of biological cells and are ideal candidates as building-block for the fabrication of soft biomimetic materials of interest in pharmacology, tissue engineering and lab on chip devices. While their behavior is well established in unconstrained environments, much less is known about their dynamics under strong confinement. Here, we numerically study the physics of a droplet of active polar fluid migrating within a microchannel hosting a constriction with adhesive properties, and report evidence of a striking variety of dynamic regimes and morphological features, whose properties crucially depend upon droplet speed and elasticity, degree of confinement within the constriction and adhesiveness to the pore. Our results suggest that non-uniform adhesion forces are instrumental in enabling the crossing through narrow orifices, in contrast to larger gaps where a careful balance between speed and elasticity is sufficient to guarantee the transition. These observations may be useful for improving the design of artificial micro-swimmers, of interest in material science and pharmaceutics, and potentially for cell sorting in microfluidic devices.
description: Post-peer-review version of an article published in Nature Communications