cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analysis of dietary trends in Chinese adolescents from 1991 to 2011
Creators: name: Yu, A.L.
name: López-Olmedo, N.
name: Popkin, B.M.
Publisher: name: HEC Press
Year: 2018

description: Background and Objectives: To examine temporal trends in dietary energy, fat, carbohydrate, protein, sodium and potassium intake of Chinese adolescents aged 12 - 17 years by sex and urbanicity, using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Methods and Study Design: Individual level, consecutive 3 - day 24-hour recalls were analyzed from survey years 1991 (n=504), 2000 (n=665), and 2011 (n=267) from nine provinces representing a range of geography, economic development, and health indicators in China. Linear multivariable regression models were conducted to predict mean intakes of energy, macronutrients, sodium, and potassium. Models were adjusted for age, per capita income, parental education, region, and family size. Results: From 1991 to 2011, total energy consumption decreased among both sexes and all urbanicity groups (p < 0.05). Sodium intake decreased in all sex and urbanicity groups except the high urbanicity group, which was the only group to show significant change in potassium intake (p < 0.05). Sodium-potassium ratios decreased overall and across both sexes (p < 0.05). However, the major observed shift was a structural change from carbohydrates to fat and protein. Both sexes showed decrease in carbohydrate-derived energy (p < 0.05). Proportion of fat-derived energy increased in female adolescents. Proportion of protein-derived energy increased in male adolescents, as well as in the low and high urbanicity groups (p < 0.01). Conclusions: This suggests Chinese adolescents are transitioning to a low carbohydrate diet. Urbanicity appears to play a role in sodium, potassium and protein intake. Improvements of sodiumpotassium ratios are primarily due to decreased sodium intake and require further reduction efforts.
Signature of strong spin-orbital coupling in the large non-saturating magnetoresistance material WTe2
Creators: name: Jiang, J.
name: Tang, F.
name: Pan, X. C.
name: Liu, H. M.
name: Niu, X. H.
name: Wang, Y. X.
name: Xu, D. F.
name: Yang, H. F.
name: Xie, B. P.
name: Song, F. Q.
name: Wan, X. G.
name: Feng, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detailed electronic structure of WTe$_2$ by high resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Unlike the simple one electron plus one hole pocket type of Fermi surface topology reported before, we resolved a rather complicated Fermi surface of WTe$_2$. Specifically, there are totally nine Fermi pockets, including one hole pocket at the Brillouin zone center $Γ$, and two hole pockets and two electron pockets on each side of $Γ$ along the $Γ$-$X$ direction. Remarkably, we have observed circular dichroism in our photoemission spectra, which suggests that the orbital angular momentum exhibits a rich texture at various sections of the Fermi surface. As reported previously for topological insulators and Rashiba systems, such a circular dichroism is a signature for spin-orbital coupling (SOC). This is further confirmed by our density functional theory calculations, where the spin texture is qualitatively reproduced as the conjugate consequence of SOC. Since the backscattering processes are directly involved with the resistivity, our data suggest that the SOC and the related spin and orbital angular momentum textures may be considered in the understanding of the anomalous magnetoresistance of WTe$_2$.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
ความรู้ความเข้าใจและทักษะการปฏิบัติงานบัญชีที่มีผลต่อประสิทธิภาพรายงานทางการเงินของกำลังพลในสังกัดสำนักงานตำรวจแห่งชาติ
Creators: name: สาโรช  พลพินิจ
Publisher: name: คณะนิเทศศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏรำไพพรรณี
Year: 2566
Subjects: ความรู้ความเข้าใจ
ทักษะการปฏิบัติงาน
ประสิทธิภาพ
รายงานการเงิน

description: วารสารสหวิทยาการสังคมศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร, 6, 3, 143-161
Diet quality and its association with type 2 diabetes and major cardiometabolic risk factors among adults in China
Creators: name: Gordon-Larsen, P.
name: Wang, Z.
name: Cai, J.
name: Siega-Riz, A.M.
name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Adair, L.S.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2018

description: Aim: We examined the association between diet quality and diabetes and major cardiometabolic risks among adults in China. Methods and Results: We developed the China Dietary Guideline Index (CDGI) based on the 2007 Chinese dietary guidelines and tailored the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (which we call the tAHEI) to assess diet quality. Our analysis linked the dietary intake and covariates measured in 2006 with CM risk factors measured in 2009. We used diet data the longitudinal China Health and Nutrition Survey 2006 collected in 3 consecutive 24-h recalls from 4440 adults aged 18 to 65 to calculate both the tAHEI and the CDGI scores. We performed multivariable logistic regressions to analyze the association of each 2006 score with diabetes, abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, and lipid-related cardiometabolic risk factors in 2009. After we adjusted for potential confounders, adults in the top quintile compared with the bottom quintile of the tAHEI scores showed 36% lower odds of high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (odds ratio [OR] 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.46, 0.90] in men and 33% lower odds (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.49, 0.91) in women, while the CDGI scores showed 35% lower odds of high LDL-C (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.46, 0.92) in men only. Further, the CDGI scores indicated 55% lower odds of diabetes in the top versus the bottom quintile (OR 0.45; 95% CI 0.23, 0.87) in men only, whereas a null association was observed for the tAHEI scores for both sexes. Both index scores showed null associations with other cardiometabolic risk factors. Conclusions: Chinese diets that scored high on both the CDGI and the tAHEI showed similarly negative associations with high LDL-C risk, whereas only CDGI score was negatively related to diabetes risk in men.
อิทธิพลของปัจจัยภายในและภายนอกที่มีผลต่อการวางแผนทางการเงินส่วนบุคคลของพนักงานในเขตนิคมอุตสาหกรรมนวนคร
Creators: name: อังคณา อ้นจีน
Publisher: name: คณะนิเทศศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏรำไพพรรณี
Year: 2566
Subjects: ปัจจัยภายใน
ปัจจัยภายนอก
วางแผนทางการเงินส่วนบุคคล
พนักงาน
นิคมอุตสาหกรรมนวนคร

description: วารสารสหวิทยาการสังคมศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร, 6, 3, 62-171
SLA-Aware Multiple Migration Planning and Scheduling in SDN-NFV-enabled Clouds
Creators: name: He, TianZhang
name: Toosi, Adel N.
name: Buyya, Rajkumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.4

description: In Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-enabled cloud data centers, live migration is a key approach used for the reallocation of Virtual Machines (VMs) in cloud services and Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) in Service Function Chaining (SFC). Using live migration methods, cloud providers can address their dynamic resource management and fault tolerance objectives without interrupting the service of users. However, in cloud data centers, performing multiple live migrations in arbitrary order can lead to service degradation. Therefore, efficient migration planning is essential to reduce the impact of live migration overheads. In addition, to prevent Quality of Service (QoS) degradations and Service Level Agreement (SLA) violations, it is necessary to set priorities for different live migration requests with various urgency. In this paper, we propose SLAMIG, a set of algorithms that composes the deadline-aware multiple migration grouping algorithm and on-line migration scheduling to determine the sequence of VM/VNF migrations. The experimental results show that our approach with reasonable algorithm runtime can efficiently reduce the number of deadline misses and has a good migration performance compared with the one-by-one scheduling and two state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of total migration time, average execution time, downtime, and transferred data. We also evaluate and analyze the impact of multiple migration planning and scheduling on QoS and energy consumption.
Correlations of mutual positions of charge density waves nodes in side-by-side placed InAs wires measured with scanning gate microscopy
Creators: name: Zhukov, A. A.
name: Volk, Ch.
name: Winden, A.
name: Hardtdegen, H.
name: Schaepers, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the correlations of mutual positions of charge density waves nodes in side-by-side placed InAs nanowires in presence of a conductive atomic force microscope tip served as a mobile gate at helium temperatures. Scanning gate microscopy scans demonstrate mutual correlation of positions of charge density waves nodes of two wires. A general mutual shift of the nodes positions and "crystal lattice mismatch" defect were observed. These observations demonstrate the crucial role of Coulomb interaction in formation of charge density waves in InAs nanowires.
รูปแบบการส่งเสริมพฤติกรรมจิตอาสาของนักเรียนระดับมัธยมศึกษาตอนต้นโรงเรียนสังกัดองค์กรปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่น จังหวัดจันทบุรี
Creators: name: จริยา เจนทนา
Publisher: name: คณะนิเทศศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏรำไพพรรณี
Year: 2566
Subjects: รูปแบบการส่งเสริม
พฤติกรรมจิตอาสา

description: วารสารสหวิทยาการสังคมศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร, 6, 3, 172-182
A strategic timing of arrivals to a linear slowdown processor sharing system
Creators: name: Ravner, Liron
name: Haviv, Moshe
name: Vu, Hai L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a discrete population of users with homogeneous service demand who need to decide when to arrive to a system in which the service rate deteriorates linearly with the number of users in the system. The users have heterogeneous desired departure times from the system, and their goal is to minimize a weighted sum of the travel time and square deviation from the desired departure times. Users join the system sequentially, according to the order of their desired departure times. We model this scenario as a non-cooperative game in which each user selects his actual arrival time. We present explicit equilibria solutions for a two-user example, namely the subgame perfect and Nash equilibria and show that multiple equilibria may exist. We further explain why a general solution for any number of users is computationally challenging. The difficulty lies in the fact that the objective functions are piecewise convex, i.e., non-smooth and non-convex. As a result, the minimization of the costs relies on checking all arrival and departure order permutations, which is exponentially large with respect to the population size. Instead we propose an iterated best-response algorithm which can be efficiently studied numerically. Finally, we compare the equilibrium arrival profiles to a socially optimal solution and discuss the implications.
Kinetic derivation of a time-dependent SEIRD reaction-diffusion system for COVID-19
Creators: name: Zagour, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a time-dependent Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered-Died (SEIRD) reaction-diffusion system for the COVID-19 pandemic and we deal with its derivation from a kinetic model. The derivation is obtained by mathematical description delivered at the micro-scale of individuals. Our approach is based on the micro-macro decomposition which leads to an equivalent formulation of the kinetic model which couples the microscopic equations with the macroscopic equations. We develop a numerical asymptotic preservation scheme to solve the kinetic model. The proposed approach is validated by various numerical tests where particular attention is paid to the Moroccan situation against the actual pandemic.
Accounting for Selectivity Bias and Correlation Across the Sequence from Elevated Blood Pressure to Hypertension Diagnosis and Treatment
Creators: name: Guilkey, D.K.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Gordon-Larsen, P.
name: Du, S.
name: Howard, A.G.
name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Attard, S.M.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2018

description: BACKGROUND It is unknown whether efforts to reduce hypertension burden in countries with very high prevalence, would be more effective if directed at hypertension diagnosis vs. treatment. Most analyses do not address bias and correlation across the sequence from elevated blood pressure (BP) to hypertension diagnosis and treatment, leading to potentially misleading findings. METHODS Using data spanning 18 years of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (n = 18,926; ages 18-75 years), we used an innovative 3-step, integrated system of equations to predict the sequence from: (i) elevated BP (systolic/diastolic BP ≥ 140/90 mm Hg) to (ii) diagnosed hypertension conditional on elevated BP, and to (iii) treatment (medication use) conditional on diagnosis, accounting for measured and unmeasured individual- and community-level confounders at each of the 3 steps. We compared results to separate traditional logistic regression models without control for unmeasured confounding. RESULTS Using our 3-step model, elevated BP increased from 12.6% and 8.5% (1991) to 36.8% and 29% (2009) in men and women, respectively, but diagnosis remained under 50%. We found widening disparities in hypertension diagnosis (higher hypertension at lower vs. higher education (difference of 2% in 1991 that widened to 5% in 2009)) and narrowing disparities in education (difference of 6% in 1991 to 4% in 2009) and insurance status (difference of 7% in 1991 to 2% in 2009) for treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our 3-step model improved model fit over traditionally used models. Our findings highlight serious barriers to hypertension diagnosis in Chinese adults, particularly among men and individuals of low attained education.
Archioncaea arabica gen. et sp. nov., a remarkable oncaeid (Copepoda: Poecilostomatoida) from the northern Arabian Sea
Creators: name: BÖTTGER-SCHNACK, Ruth
name: HUYS, Rony
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1997

description: A new genus, Archioncaea, is proposed to accommodate a new species of Oncaeidae (Poecilostomatoida) collected from the deep northern Arabian Sea. A. arabica gen. et sp. nov. is known from females only and is considered the most primitive oncaeid copepod known to date on account of the combined presence of a trisetose exopod on leg 5 and along inner coxal seta on leg 1. Other unique plesiomorphic character states are found in the armature of the antennule,
 maxilla and maxilliped and in the presence of an endopodal surface suture marking the ancestral segmentation of the antenna. A. arabica differs from all other oncaeids in the naked endopodal claw of the maxilliped, the presence of distinctly 2-segmented endopods on all swimming legs and the absence of the outer basal seta of leg 5. The discovery of A. arabica is of major significance in assessing and polarizing the evolutionary changes of certain characters in the family, such as the
 ornamentation of mandible blades and the evolution of integumental conical processes on the swimming legs.
Equity impacts of price policies to promote healthy behaviours
Creators: name: Sassi, F.
name: Vellakkal, S.
name: Salti, N.
name: Mirelman, A.J.
name: Belloni, A.
name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Visaruthvong, C.
name: Nugent, R.
name: Thomas, A.
name: Suhrcke, M.
Publisher: name: Lancet Publishing Group
Year: 2018

description: Governments can use fiscal policies to regulate the prices and consumption of potentially unhealthy products. However, policies aimed at reducing consumption by increasing prices, for example by taxation, might impose an unfair financial burden on low-income households. We used data from household expenditure surveys to estimate patterns of expenditure on potentially unhealthy products by socioeconomic status, with a primary focus on low-income and middle-income countries. Price policies affect the consumption and expenditure of a larger number of high-income households than low-income households, and any resulting price increases tend to be financed disproportionately by high-income households. As a share of all household consumption, however, price increases are often a larger financial burden for low-income households than for high-income households, most consistently in the case of tobacco, depending on how much consumption decreases in response to increased prices. Large health benefits often accrue to individual low-income consumers because of their strong response to price changes. The potentially larger financial burden on low-income households created by taxation could be mitigated by a pro-poor use of the generated tax revenues.
FysikLab@FKF: Project-based learning & didactics. Efterskolebesøg. FysikLab får besøg af 11 elever fra Kerteminde Efterskole. 26. marts 2025.
Creators: name: Hinse, Tobias Cornelius
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: STEM
STEAM
Science Communication
Videnskabsformidling
Public Outreach

description: SDU/FKF FysikLab welcomed Kerteminde Efterskole for a 3 hr long mini workshop on extrasolar planets. A highlight during the workshop was a hands-on exercise where students worked with real-world photometric data to extract a light curve of a transiting extrasolar planet.
Siphonostomatoid copepods from deep-sea hydrothermal sites on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge west of the Azores
Creators: name: HUMES, Arthur G.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1997

description: Two new siphonostomatoid copepods are described from a depth of 1688 m at a hydrothermal area on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (37°N, 32°W). Aphotopontius temperatus n. sp. is characterized by the rectangular shape of the female genital double -somite. In legs 1-4 of copepodid V, the female has 2-segmented rami, but in the male these rami are segmented as in the adult (3-segmented except for a 2-segmented endopod in leg 4). The number of postgenital somites in copepodid V is reduced to 2 in the female and 3 in the male. Aphotopontius atlanteus is reported from very close to its type
 locality on Lucky Strike. Stygiopontius rimivagus n. sp., known only from the male, has 3 setae on the free segment of leg 5 and the third segment of the endopod of leg 2 has the formula IV,2.
90th Anniversary Commentary: Consumption of Sweetened Beverages Predicts the Occurrence of Type 2 Diabetes
Creators: name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Bray, G.A.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2018

description: Carbohydrate and sugar are recurring themes in the history of diet and disease. After the agricultural revolution 10,000 y ago, nutrition changed from a hunter-gatherer way of life to one in which food could be grown in one locale, avoiding the challenges of continuing to move to find food. The domestication of animals and the development of many grains and other crops allowed civilizations to develop and reduced most effects of seasonality on food supplies for many countries. The agricultural revolution also led to the growth of cities and, with it, a group of infectious diseases that dominated the health of people for thousands of years and led to the continued development of many new caloric foods and beverages over the last 10,000–12,000 y.
The socioeconomic disparities in intakes and purchases of less-healthy foods and beverages have changed over time in urban Mexico
Creators: name: Taillie, L.S.
name: Popkin, B.M.
name: López-Olmedo, N.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2018

description: Background: To our knowledge, the association between diet and socioeconomic status (SES), using both purchase and intake data, in the Mexican population has not been examined, which is particularly important given the high prevalence of diet-related diseases in Mexico. Objective: Our objectivewas to examine the SES-diet relation using household food purchases and individual food intake data. Methods: We analyzed purchases of packaged food and beverages of 5240 households with the use of the 2012- 2014 Nielsen Mexico Consumer Panel Service Dataset, representative of urban areas. Likewise, we examined 9672 individuals over 2 y with food and beverage intake information collected using a single 24-h recall as part of the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012. Multivariate linear regression models were conducted to predict per capita daily purchases and intakes of food and beverages classified as healthy and less healthy by SES, and adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Results: Per capita daily purchases of healthy and less-healthy foods were, on average, 142% and 55% higher in highthan in low-SES households, respectively, from 2012 to 2014 (P < 0.05). Intakes of healthy and less-healthy foods in urban areas were, on average, 7% and 136% higher in high- than in low-SES groups (P < 0.05). Per capita daily purchases of healthy beverages were, on average, 56% higher in high- than in low-SES households from 2012 to 2014 (P < 0.05), whereas purchases of less-healthy beverageswere 27% and 17% higher in low- than in high-SES households in 2012 and 2014, respectively (P < 0.05). Per capita daily intake of healthy beverages was 33% higher in high- than in low-SES groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Higher-SES groups from urban areas had greater purchases and intakes of less-healthy foods and healthy beverages. Lower-SES households had greater purchases of less-healthy beverages, but also had the largest reduction in these purchases from 2012 to 2014, which could be associated with the beverage tax implemented in Mexico in 2014.
Extending dualities to trialities deepens the foundations of dynamics
Creators: name: Smolin, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dualities are often supposed to be foundational, but they may come into conflict with background independence, because a hidden fixed structures is needed to define the duality transformation. This conflict can be eliminated by extending a duality to a triality. This renders that fixed structure dynamical, while unifying it with the dual variables. To illustrate this, we study matrix models with a cubic action, and show how breaking its natural triality symmetry by imposing different compactifications yields particle mechanics, string theory and Chern-Simons theory. These result from compactifying, respectively, one, two and three dimensions. This may explain the origin of Born's duality between position and momenta operators in quantum theory, as well as some of the the dualities of string theory.
description: Latex, 12 pages
ปัจจัยส่วนประสมทางการตลาดที่มีผลต่อความพึงพอใจในการสั่งซื้อสินค้าจากประเทศจีนผ่านช่องทางออนไลน์ของผู้ซื้อรายย่อยในเขตเทศบาลเมืองนครราชสีมา
Creators: name: พิชนิกา มาสุข
Publisher: name: คณะนิเทศศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏรำไพพรรณี
Year: 2566
Subjects: ความพึงพอใจ
การสั่งซื้อสินค้า
ช่องทางออนไลน์
ผู้ซื้อรายย่อย

description: วารสารสหวิทยาการสังคมศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร, 6, 3, 183-194
Pitfalls of the self-regulation of advertisements directed at children on Mexican television
Creators: name: Bahena, L.
name: Hernández-Zenil, E.
name: Théodore, F.L.
name: Barquera, S.
name: Popkin, B.
name: Velasco, A.
name: Tolentino-Mayo, L.
name: Rivera, J.A.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2017

description: Background: There are no academic studies that characterize advertisements directed at children from the companies that signed the self-regulation. Objective: The aim of this paper was to assess the extent and nature of food advertisements and the persuasive techniques used to market unhealthy food and beverages (UFB) to children, by signatory companies of self-regulation. Methods: From December 2012 to April 2013, 600 h of programming were recorded on the four broadcast public television channels in Mexico with the highest rating nationwide. Marketing aimed at children directly (broadcast on children's programmes or advertisements with a specific appeal to children) or indirectly (aimed at other target audiences with messages or scenes that link children to the product) were considered. Results: About 74.9% (2148) of the total food and beverage advertisements tried to influence children directly and indirectly. Companies, which had signed the self-regulation, focused 92.7% of their advertisements on UFB. Of the total number, 23.9% were aimed at children, 7.1% at adolescents, 12.5% at parents and 56.2% at the general public. Most of these advertisements were broadcast on movies (29.8%), cartoons (18%), soap operas (17.6%), entertainment shows (17.2%) and sports programs (6.4%). Conclusion: Despite the self-regulation of television marketing, children were surrounded by UFB advertisements. Signatory companies influence children indirectly by targeting other audiences and by marketing during family television programs, which are also watched by children.
On singular log Calabi-Yau compactifications of Landau-Ginzburg models
Creators: name: Przyjalkowski, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the procedure that constructs log Calabi-Yau compactifications of weak Landau-Ginzburg models of Fano varieties. We apply it for del Pezzo surfaces and coverings of projective spaces of index one. For the coverings of degree greater then 2 the log Calabi-Yau compactification is singular; moreover, no smooth projective log Calabi-Yau compactification exists. We also prove in the cases under consideration the conjecture saying that the number of components of the fiber over infinity %and of finite fibers is equal to the dimension of an anticanonical system of the Fano variety.
description: 18 pages; the title and the main result are modified; singular log Calabi-Yau compactifications appeared
(427) Charles Crawford
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Can biodiverse streetscapes mitigate the effects of noise and air pollution on human wellbeing?
Creators: name: Rankin, Eleanor
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: Changes to the behaviours and priorities of the human population have led to an unprecedented number of urban inhabitants worldwide. Urban dwellers are exposed to high levels of air and noise pollution that negatively impact both human well-being and species diversity. However, research has shown that biodiversity present within urban areas can positively contribute toward human well-being. Despite this, no literature to date has examined the potential for urban biodiversity to mitigate or lessen the negative associations between air and noise pollution and mental well-being. This study used parallel mediation models to examine the complex interplay between these factors, testing whether species richness (actual and perceived) can mediate the relationship between air (PM2.5) and noise (dB) pollution and well-being (mental well-being and happiness) across 30 streetscapes in the city of Leeds, UK. The results revealed that greater actual flowering plant richness reduced the negative impact of noise pollution on resident's self-reported well-being across streetscapes. Additionally, there was a direct negative association between noise pollution and flowering plant and pollinator richness. This could be because residents are deterred from gardening in streetscapes where noise pollution is high. However, noise pollution can also have a direct negative impact on pollinator species. No direct or mediated negative associations between air pollution and well-being measures were identified in this study. This thesis provides a valuable insight into the complex interplay between streetscape pollution, biodiversity and human mental well-being, which until now remained largely unexamined. Increasing plant diversity should be considered a priority within any future plans to reduce urban noise. In turn, critical gains in pollinator conservation can also be made. Trends in population growth, increased pollution and declines in mental health that characterise cities worldwide, mean that the findings presented here are applicable to a multitude of urban settings.
SSB taxes and diet quality in US preschoolers: estimated changes in the 2010 Healthy Eating Index
Creators: name: Poti, J.M.
name: Ford, C.N.
name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Ng, S.W.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2017

description: Background: Taxing sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has been proposed as a strategy to combat child obesity. Yet it is unclear how a tax on SSBs might influence the overall quality of diet in preschool children. Thus, we use simulated price increases and the 2010 Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010) to explore the relationship between SSB taxes and diet quality in preschool children. Methods: Price and purchase data from the 2009–2012 Nielsen Homescan Panel and a two-part marginal effects model were used to estimate relative changes in purchases with a 20% increase in the price of SSBs. Demand elasticities were applied to dietary intake data for children ages 2–5 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009–2010 and 2011–2012) to estimate the impact of a 20% SSB tax on dietary intake and quality (HEI-2010). Results: A 20% increase in the price of SSBs was associated with lower total caloric intake (−28 kcal d−1, p < 0.01), caloric intake from juice drinks (−20 kcal d−1, p < 0.01), added sugars (−4.1 servings d−1, p = 0.03), refined grains (−0.63 servings d−1, p < 0.01) and total meat (−0.56 servings d−1, p < 0.01). Beneficial decreases in empty calories and refined grains were offset by unfavourable changes in fatty acid profile, total protein, vegetables and fruit, such that total HEI scores (0–100 range) were not meaningfully changed with a 20% increase in SSB price (difference: −0.85, p < 0.01). Conclusions: A 20% tax on SSBs could decrease caloric intake, and intakes of added sugars and SSBs, but may not improve diet quality as an isolated intervention among US preschool children.
แนวทางการฟื้นฟูการท่องเที่ยวเชิงวัฒนธรรมคอมมิวนิสต์มาลายา
Creators: name: ซูซัน หามะ
Publisher: name: คณะนิเทศศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏรำไพพรรณี
Year: 2566
Subjects: แนวทางการฟื้นฟู
การท่องเที่ยวเชิงวัฒนธรรม
คอมมิวนิสต์มาลายา

description: วารสารสหวิทยาการสังคมศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร, 6, 3, 195-205
Understanding bias in relationships between the food environment and diet quality: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study
Creators: name: Shikany, J.M.
name: Meyer, K.A.
name: Gordon-Larsen, P.
name: Rummo, P.E.
name: Ng, S.W.
name: Reis, J.P.
name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Guilkey, D.K.
Publisher: name: BMJ Publishing Group
Year: 2017

description: Background The relationship between food environment exposures and diet behaviours is unclear, possibly because the majority of studies ignore potential residual confounding. Methods We used 20 years (1985-1986, 1992-1993 2005-2006) of data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study across four US cities (Birmingham, Alabama; Chicago, Illinois; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Oakland, California) and instrumental variables (IV) regression to obtain causal estimates of longitudinal associations between the percentage of neighbourhood food outlets (per total food outlets within 1 km network distance of respondent residence) and an a priori diet quality score, with higher scores indicating higher diet quality. To assess the presence and magnitude of bias related to residual confounding, we compared results from causal models (IV regression) to non-causal models, including ordinary least squares regression, which does not account for residual confounding at all and fixed-effects regression, which only controls for time-invariant unmeasured characteristics. Results The mean diet quality score across follow-up was 63.4 (SD=12.7). A 10% increase in fast food restaurants (relative to full-service restaurants) was associated with a lower diet quality score over time using IV regression (β=-1.01, 95% CI -1.99 to -0.04); estimates were attenuated using non-causal models. The percentage of neighbourhood convenience and grocery stores (relative to supermarkets) was not associated with diet quality in any model, but estimates from non-causal models were similarly attenuated compared with causal models. Conclusion Ignoring residual confounding may generate biased estimated effects of neighbourhood food outlets on diet outcomes and may have contributed to weak findings in the food environment literature.
Morality, Machines and the Interpretation Problem: A Value-based, Wittgensteinian Approach to Building Moral Agents
Creators: name: Badea, Cosmin
name: Artus, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present what we call the Interpretation Problem, whereby any rule in symbolic form is open to infinite interpretation in ways that we might disapprove of and argue that any attempt to build morality into machines is subject to it. We show how the Interpretation Problem in Artificial Intelligence is an illustration of Wittgenstein's general claim that no rule can contain the criteria for its own application, and that the risks created by this problem escalate in proportion to the degree to which to machine is causally connected to the world, in what we call the Law of Interpretative Exposure. Using game theory, we attempt to define the structure of normative spaces and argue that any rule-following within a normative space is guided by values that are external to that space and which cannot themselves be represented as rules. In light of this, we categorise the types of mistakes an artificial moral agent could make into Mistakes of Intention and Instrumental Mistakes, and we propose ways of building morality into machines by getting them to interpret the rules we give in accordance with these external values, through explicit moral reasoning, the Show, not Tell paradigm, the adjustment of causal power and structure of the agent, and relational values, with the ultimate aim that the machine develop a virtuous character and that the impact of the Interpretation Problem is minimised.
(429) Isabella Crawford
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Investigation of the Spinfoam Path integral with Quantum Cuboid Intertwiners
Creators: name: Bahr, Benjamin
name: Steinhaus, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the 4d path integral for Euclidean quantum gravity on a hypercubic lattice, as given by the Spin Foam model by Engle, Pereira, Rovelli, Livine, Freidel and Krasnov (EPRL-FK). To tackle the problem, we restrict to a set of quantum geometries that reflects the large amount of lattice symmetries. In particular, the sum over intertwiners is restricted to quantum cuboids, i.e. coherent intertwiners which describe a cuboidal geometry in the large-$j$ limit. Using asymptotic expressions for the vertex amplitude, we find several interesting properties of the state sum. First of all, the value of coupling constants in the amplitude functions determines whether geometric or non-geometric configurations dominate the path integral. Secondly, there is a critical value of the coupling constant $α$, which separates two phases. In both phases, the diffeomorphism symmetry appears to be broken. In one, the dominant contribution comes from highly irregular, in the other from highly regular configurations, both describing flat Euclidean space with small quantum fluctuations around them, viewed in different coordinate systems. On the critical point diffeomorphism symmetry is nearly restored, however. Thirdly, we use the state sum to compute the physical norm of kinematical states, i.e. their norm in the physical Hilbert space. We find that states which describe boundary geometry with high torsion have exponentially suppressed physical norm. We argue that this allows one to exclude them from the state sum in calculations.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures, changed to match published version, title changed to match journal specifications
ÉTUDE DES TENEURS EN OXYGÈNE DANS LES EAUX INTERSTITIELLES DE L'ABER DE ROSCOFF
Creators: name: AMOUREUX, L.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1963

description: A systematic study of the oxygen dissolved in interstitial waters has been made in the “Aber of Roscoff”. First, the methods of sampling and titration are explained and discussed critically; then, the precision of the results is given.
It is proved, from the facts, that oxygen content remains the same all the time the sands are uncovered, except in some particular spots. The results obtained during three different seasons in the year are shown in three illustrative maps. It appears that there is but little oxygen generally in all seasons, still less in summer where half the Aber titrates below 0,6 mg/1 oxygen in interstitial water.
A comparison is made between the different concentrations of oxygen and the distribution of some Annelids Polychaetae : Leiochone clipeata, Lanice conchilega, Nerine cirratulus and Arenicola marina.
Efficient numerical approximation of a non-regular Fokker--Planck equation associated with first-passage time distributions
Creators: name: Boehm, Udo
name: Cox, Sonja
name: Gantner, Gregor
name: Stevenson, Rob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In neuroscience, the distribution of a decision time is modelled by means of a one-dimensional Fokker--Planck equation with time-dependent boundaries and space-time-dependent drift. Efficient approximation of the solution to this equation is required, e.g., for model evaluation and parameter fitting. However, the prescribed boundary conditions lead to a strong singularity and thus to slow convergence of numerical approximations. In this article we demonstrate that the solution can be related to the solution of a parabolic PDE on a rectangular space-time domain with homogeneous initial and boundary conditions by transformation and subtraction of a known function. We verify that the solution of the new PDE is indeed more regular than the solution of the original PDE and proceed to discretize the new PDE using a space-time minimal residual method. We also demonstrate that the solution depends analytically on the parameters determining the boundaries as well as the drift. This justifies the use of a sparse tensor product interpolation method to approximate the PDE solution for various parameter ranges. The predicted convergence rates of the minimal residual method and that of the interpolation method are supported by numerical simulations.
COVIDx-US -- An open-access benchmark dataset of ultrasound imaging data for AI-driven COVID-19 analytics
Creators: name: Ebadi, Ashkan
name: Xi, Pengcheng
name: MacLean, Alexander
name: Tremblay, Stéphane
name: Kohli, Sonny
name: Wong, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a devastating effect on the health and well-being of the global population. Apart from the global health crises, the pandemic has also caused significant economic and financial difficulties and socio-physiological implications. Effective screening, triage, treatment planning, and prognostication of outcome plays a key role in controlling the pandemic. Recent studies have highlighted the role of point-of-care ultrasound imaging for COVID-19 screening and prognosis, particularly given that it is non-invasive, globally available, and easy-to-sanitize. Motivated by these attributes and the promise of artificial intelligence tools to aid clinicians, we introduce COVIDx-US, an open-access benchmark dataset of COVID-19 related ultrasound imaging data. The COVIDx-US dataset was curated from multiple sources and its current version, i.e., v1.2., consists of 150 lung ultrasound videos and 12,943 processed images of patients infected with COVID-19 infection, non-COVID-19 infection, other lung diseases/conditions, as well as normal control cases. The COVIDx-US is the largest open-access fully-curated dataset of its kind that has been systematically curated, processed, and validated specifically for the purpose of building and evaluating artificial intelligence algorithms and models.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, to be submitted to Nature Scientific Data
การศึกษาเปรียบเทียบกลไกการตรวจสอบการละเมิดมาตรฐานทางจริยธรรมอย่างร้ายแรงของผู้ดำรงตำแหน่งทางการเมืองตามรัฐธรรมนูญ
Creators: name: อาณัติ มานพ
Publisher: name: คณะนิเทศศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏรำไพพรรณี
Year: 2566
Subjects: มาตรฐานทางจริยธรรม
การถอดถอนออกจากตำแหน่ง
ผู้ดำรงตำแหน่งทางการเมือง

description: วารสารสหวิทยาการสังคมศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร, 6, 3, 206-218
Sodium reduction in US households' packaged food and beverage purchases, 2000 to 2014
Creators: name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Dunford, E.K.
name: Poti, J.M.
Publisher: name: American Medical Association
Year: 2017

description: IMPORTANCE Initiatives to reduce sodium in packaged foods have been launched in the United States, yet corresponding changes in the amount of sodium that US households obtain from packaged foods have not been evaluated, to our knowledge. OBJECTIVE To assess 15-year changes in the amount of sodium that US households acquire from packaged food purchases, the sodium content of purchases, and the proportion of households that have purchases with optimal sodium density. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Longitudinal study of US households in the 2000 to 2014 Nielsen Homescan Consumer Panel, a population-based sample of households that used barcode scanners to record all packaged foods purchased throughout the year. Time-varying brand- and product-specific nutrition information was used for 1 490 141 products. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Sociodemographic-adjusted changes in mean sodium per capita (mg/d) and sodium content (mg/100 g), overall and for top food group sources of sodium, and the proportion of households that have total purchases with sodium density of 1.1mg/kcal or less. RESULTS In a nationwide sample of 172 042 US households (754 608 year-level observations), the amount of sodium that households acquired from packaged food and beverage purchases decreased significantly between 2000 and 2014 by 396mg/d (95%CI, -407 to -385mg/d) per capita. The sodium content of households' packaged food purchases decreased significantly during this 15-year period by 49mg/100 g (95%CI, -50 to -48 mg/100 g), a 12.0% decline; decreases began in 2005 and continued through 2014. Moreover, the sodium content of households' purchases decreased significantly for all top food sources of sodium between 2000 and 2014, including declines of more than 100 mg/100 g for condiments, sauces, and dips (-114mg/100 g; 95%CI, -117 to -111mg/100 g) and salty snacks (-142mg/100 g; 95%CI, -144 to -141mg/100 g). However, in all years, less than 2%of US households had packaged food and beverage purchases with sodium density of 1.1mg/kcal or less. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this nationwide study, significant reductions in sodium from packaged food purchases were achieved in the past 15 years. Nonetheless, most US households had food and beverage purchases with excessive sodium density. Findings suggest that more concerted sodium reduction efforts are needed in the United States.
(430) William Graham Crawford
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Intergenerational diabetes and obesity—A cycle to break?
Creators: name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Ma, R.C.W.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2017

description: Globally, efforts to prevent diabetes and obesity have attained mixed success. Although prevalence of adult-onset diabetes is declining in some countries, the prevalence of childhood obesity and young-onset diabetes, with risk of associated complications, continues to increase in many high- and lower-income countries. More than 1. 9 billion children and adults are overweight and obese, and prevalence is rapidly rising, with the greatest increase found among children.