cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Association of AMPA Receptors with a Subset of Glutamate Receptor-Interacting Protein In Vivo
Creators: name: Dunah, Anthone W.
name: Sheng, Morgan
name: Weinberg, Richard
name: Kim, Eunjoon
name: Wyszynski, Michael
name: Valtschanoff, Juli G.
name: Standaert, David G.
name: Naisbitt, Scott
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The NMDA and AMPA classes of ionotropic glutamate receptors are concentrated at postsynaptic sites in excitatory synapses. NMDA receptors interact via their NR2 subunits with PSD-95/SAP90 family proteins, whereas AMPA receptors bind via their GluR2/3 subunits to glutamate receptor-interacting protein (GRIP), AMPA receptor-binding protein (ABP), and protein interacting with C kinase 1 (PICK1). We report here a novel cDNA (termed ABP-L/GRIP2) that is virtually identical to ABP except for additional GRIP-like sequences at the N-terminal and C-terminal ends. Like GRIP (which we now term GRIP1), ABP-L/GRIP2 contains a seventh PDZ domain at its C terminus. Using antibodies that recognize both these proteins, we examined the subcellular localization of GRIP1 and ABP-L/GRIP2 (collectively termed GRIP) and their biochemical association with AMPA receptors. Immunogold electron microscopy revealed the presence of GRIP at excitatory synapses and also at nonsynaptic membranes and within intracellular compartments. The association of native GRIP and AMPA receptors was confirmed biochemically by coimmunoprecipitation from rat brain extracts. A majority of detergent-extractable GluR2/3 was complexed with GRIP in the brain. However, only approximately half of GRIP was associated with AMPA receptors. Unexpectedly, immunocytochemistry of cultured hippocampal neurons and rat brain at the light microscopic level showed enrichment of GRIP in GABAergic neurons and in GABAergic nerve terminals. Thus GRIP is associated with inhibitory as well as excitatory synapses. Collectively, these findings support a role for GRIP in the synaptic anchoring of AMPA receptors but also suggest that GRIP has additional functions unrelated to the binding of AMPA receptors.
Uptake of Precursor and Synthesis of Transmitter in a Histaminergic Photoreceptor
Creators: name: Morgan, Jennifer R.
name: Gebhardt, Kelley A.
name: Stuart, Ann E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: As a first step in understanding how the supply of the neurotransmitter histamine is maintained in a photoreceptor, we followed the uptake and metabolism of the immediate precursor of histamine, histidine. [
First detection of the field star overdensity in the Perseus arm
Creators: name: Monguió, Maria
name: Grosbøl, Preben
name: Figueras, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. The main goal of this study is to detect the stellar overdensity associated with the Perseus arm in the anticenter direction. Methods. We used the physical parameters derived from Strömgren photometric data to compute the surface density distribution as a function of galactocentric distance for different samples of intermediate young stars. The radial distribution of the interstellar absorption has also been derived. Results. We detected the Perseus arm stellar overdensity at 1.6+-0.2 kpc from the Sun with a significance of 4-5σ and a surface density amplitude of around 10%, slightly depending on the sample used. Values for the radial scale length of the Galactic disk have been simultaneously fitted obtaining values in the range [2.9,3.5] kpc for the population of the B4-A1 stars. Moreover, the interstellar visual absorption distribution is congruent with a dust layer in front of the Perseus arm. Conclusions. This is the first time that the presence of the Perseus arm stellar overdensity has been detected through individual star counts, and its location matches a variation in the dust distribution. The offset between the dust lane and the overdensity indicates that the Perseus arm is placed inside the co-rotation radius of the Milky Way spiral pattern.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
On Nested Sequents for Constructive Modal Logics
Creators: name: Strassburger, Lutz
name: Das, Anupam
name: Arisaka, Ryuta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present deductive systems for various modal logics that can be obtained from the constructive variant of the normal modal logic CK by adding combinations of the axioms d, t, b, 4, and 5. This includes the constructive variants of the standard modal logics K4, S4, and S5. We use for our presentation the formalism of nested sequents and give a syntactic proof of cut elimination.
description: 33 pages
Figure S10 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk.
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parameterized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared with observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, with the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
Figure S9 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parametrized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared to observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, to the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
Figure S7 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk.
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parameterized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared with observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, with the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
Adaptive importance sampling for control and inference
Creators: name: Kappen, Hilbert Johan
name: Ruiz, Hans Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Path integral (PI) control problems are a restricted class of non-linear control problems that can be solved formally as a Feyman-Kac path integral and can be estimated using Monte Carlo sampling. In this contribution we review path integral control theory in the finite horizon case. We subsequently focus on the problem how to compute and represent control solutions. Within the PI theory, the question of how to compute becomes the question of importance sampling. Efficient importance samplers are state feedback controllers and the use of these requires an efficient representation. Learning and representing effective state-feedback controllers for non-linear stochastic control problems is a very challenging, and largely unsolved, problem. We show how to learn and represent such controllers using ideas from the cross entropy method. We derive a gradient descent method that allows to learn feed-back controllers using an arbitrary parametrisation. We refer to this method as the Path Integral Cross Entropy method or PICE. We illustrate this method for some simple examples. The path integral control methods can be used to estimate the posterior distribution in latent state models. In neuroscience these problems arise when estimating connectivity from neural recording data using EM. We demonstrate the path integral control method as an accurate alternative to particle filtering.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
A MAP Kinase-Signaling Pathway Mediates Neurite Outgrowth on L1 and Requires Src-Dependent Endocytosis
Creators: name: Schmid, Ralf Steffen
name: Pruitt, Wendy M.
name: Maness, Patricia F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: The neural cell adhesion molecule L1 mediates the axon outgrowth, adhesion, and fasciculation necessary for proper development of synaptic connections. Mutations of human L1 cause an X-linked mental retardation syndrome termed CRASH (corpus callosum hypoplasia, retardation, aphasia, spastic paraplegia, and hydrocephalus), and L1 knock-out mice display defects in neuronal process extension resembling the CRASH phenotype. Little is known about the biochemical or cellular mechanism by which L1 performs neuronal functions. Here it is demonstrated that clustering of L1 with antibodies or L1 protein in rodent B35 neuroblastoma and cerebellar neuron cultures induced the phosphorylation/activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2. MAPK activation was essential for L1-dependent neurite outgrowth, because chemical inhibitors [2-(2'-amino-3'-methoxyphenyl)-oxanaphthalen-4-one and 1,4-diamino-2, 3-dicyano-1,4-bis(2-aminophenylthio)butadiene] of the MAPK kinase MEK strongly suppressed neurite outgrowth by cerebellar neurons on L1. The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase pp60(c-src) was required for L1-triggered MAPK phosphorylation, as shown in src-minus cerebellar neurons and by expression of the kinase-inactive mutant Src(K295M) in B35 neuroblastoma cells. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) and the small GTPase p21(rac) were identified as signaling intermediates to MAPK by phosphoinositide and Rac-GTP assays and expression of inhibitory mutants. Antibody-induced endocytosis of L1, visualized by immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy of B35 cells, was blocked by expression of kinase-inactive Src(K295M) and dominant-negative dynamin(K44A) but not by inhibitors of MEK or PI3-kinase. Dynamin(K44A) also inhibited L1 antibody-triggered MAPK phosphorylation. This study supports a model in which pp60(c-src) regulates dynamin-mediated endocytosis of L1 as an essential step in MAPK-dependent neurite outgrowth on an L1 substrate.
Critical Role of Zur and SmtB in Zinc Homeostasis of Mycobacterium smegmatis
Creators: name: Goethe, Elke
name: Laarmann, Kristin
name: Lührs, Janita
name: Jarek, Michael
name: Meens, Jochen
name: Lewin, Astrid
name: Goethe, Ralph
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: zinc homeostasis
subject: zinc transporter
subject: zinc starvation
subject: zinc excess
subject: Zur regulon
subject: SmtB regulon
subject: zinc regulation
subject: zitA
subject: zinc import
subject: zinc export
subject: transcriptomics
subject: mycobacteria
subject: znuABC
subject: alternative ribosomal proteins
subject: chromatin immunoprecipitation
subject: coregulation
subject: export
subject: import
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Zinc homeostasis is crucial for bacterial cells, since imbalances affect viability. However, in mycobacteria, knowledge of zinc metabolism is incomplete. Mycobacterium smegmatis (MSMEG) is an environmental, nonpathogenic Mycobacterium that is widely used as a model organism to study mycobacterial metabolism and pathogenicity. How MSMEG maintains zinc homeostasis is largely unknown. SmtB and Zur are important regulators of bacterial zinc metabolism. In mycobacteria, these regulators are encoded by an operon, whereas in other bacterial species, SmtB and Zur are encoded on separate loci. Here, we show that the smtB-zur operon is consistently present within the genus Mycobacterium but otherwise found only in Nocardia, Saccharothrix, and Corynebacterium diphtheriae. By RNA deep sequencing, we determined the Zur and SmtB regulons of MSMEG and compared them with transcriptional responses after zinc starvation or excess. We found an exceptional genomic clustering of genes whose expression was strongly induced by zur deletion and zinc starvation. These genes encoded zinc importers such as ZnuABC and three additional putative zinc transporters, including the porin MspD, as well as alternative ribosomal proteins. In contrast, only a few genes were affected by deletion of smtB and zinc excess. The zinc exporter ZitA was most prominently regulated by SmtB. Moreover, transcriptional analyses in combination with promoter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed a special regulation of the smtB-zur operon itself: an apparently zinc-independent, constitutive expression of smtB-zur resulted from sensitive coregulation by both SmtB and Zur. Overall, our data revealed yet unknown peculiarities of mycobacterial zinc homeostasis.
Figure S8 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parametrized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared to observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, to the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
B-meson spectroscopy in HQET at order 1/m
Creators: name: Bernardoni, Fabio
name: Blossier, Benoît
name: Bulava, John
name: Della Morte, Michele
name: Fritzsch, Patrick
name: Garron, Nicolas
name: Gérardin, Antoine
name: Heitger, Jochen
name: von Hippel, Georg
name: Simma, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the B spectrum performed in the framework of Heavy Quark Effective Theory expanded to next-to-leading order in 1/m and non-perturbative in the strong coupling. Our analyses have been performed on Nf=2 lattice gauge field ensembles corresponding to three different lattice spacings and a wide range of pion masses. We obtain the Bs-meson mass and hyperfine splittings of the B- and Bs-mesons that are in good agreement with the experimental values and examine the mass difference m_{Bs}-m_B as a further cross-check of our previous estimate of the b-quark mass. We also report on the mass splitting between the first excited state and the ground state in the B and Bs systems.
description: 35 pages, 14 tables, 17 figures; Introduction extended and typos corrected. Version accepted for publication in PRD
Supplementary Figure captions from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parametrized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared to observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, to the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
(1368) Matthew Henry Thompson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Figure S10 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parametrized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared to observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, to the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
Figure S6 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk.
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parameterized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared with observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, with the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
(1364) William Earnshaw
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(1365) Harry Hindle Morley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Limits on Population III star formation in minihaloes implied by Planck
Creators: name: Visbal, Eli
name: Haiman, Zoltan
name: Bryan, Greg L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Planck measured a value of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) optical depth due to electron scattering of $τ=0.066 \pm 0.016$. Here we show that this low value leaves essentially no room for an early partial reionisation of the intergalactic medium (IGM) by high-redshift Population III (Pop III) stars, expected to have formed in low-mass minihaloes. We perform semi-analytic calculations of reionisation which include the contribution from Pop II stars in atomic cooling haloes, calibrated with high-redshift galaxy observations, and Pop III stars in minihaloes with feedback due to Lyman-Werner (LW) radiation and metal enrichment. We find that without LW feedback or prompt metal enrichment (and assuming a minihalo escape fraction of 0.5) the Pop III star formation efficiency cannot exceed $\sim{\rm a~few}\times 10^{-4}$, without violating the constraints set by Planck data. This excludes massive Pop III star formation in typical $10^6 M_\odot$ minihaloes. Including LW feedback and metal enrichment alleviates this tension, allowing large Pop III stars to form early on before they are quenched by feedback. We find that the total density of Pop III stars formed across cosmic time is $\lesssim 10^{4-5}~M_\odot~{\rm Mpc^{-3}}$ and does not depend strongly on the feedback prescription adopted. Additionally, we perform a simple estimate of the possible impact on reionisation of X-rays produced by accretion onto black hole remnants of Pop III stars. We find that unless the accretion duty cycle is very low ($\lesssim 0.01$), this could lead to an optical depth inconsistent with Planck.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, replaced with version accepted by MNRAS. Added simple treatment of metal enrichment
Evidence That Separate Neural Circuits in the Nucleus Accumbens Encode Cocaine Versus “Natural” (Water and Food) Reward
Creators: name: Crumling, Alison J.
name: Carelli, Regina M.
name: Ijames, Stephanie G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Electrophysiological recording procedures were used to examine nucleus accumbens (Acb) cell firing in rats trained to press a lever on a multiple schedule [ fixed ratio (FR)1, FR1] for either two "natural" reinforcers (food and water), or a natural reinforcer and intravenous self-administration of cocaine. Of 180 cells recorded during water and food reinforcement (n = 13 rats), 77 neurons were classified as phasically active, exhibiting one of three well-defined types of patterned discharges relative to the reinforced-response (Carelli and Deadwyler, 1994). Of the 77 phasic cells, the majority (68%) showed similar types of patterned discharges across the two natural reinforcer conditions. In contrast, of 127 neurons recorded during water and cocaine reinforcement (n = 8 rats), only 5 of 60 phasically active cells (8%) exhibited similar types of patterned discharges relative to water- and cocaine-reinforced responding. The remaining 55 phasic cells (92%) displayed patterned discharges relative to the cocaine-reinforced response (n = 26 cells), or relative to the water-reinforced response (n = 29 cells), but not both. For some rats (n = 3), food was substituted for water in the task. Again, the majority of phasic neurons (13 of 14 cells, 93%) exhibited nonoverlapping firing patterns across the drug and natural reinforcer conditions. These findings indicate that in the well-trained animal, cocaine activates a neural circuit in the Acb that is largely separate from the circuit that processes information about food and water reward.
Closed-form expressions for nonparaxial accelerating beams with pre-engineered trajectories
Creators: name: Penciu, Raluca-Sorina
name: Paltoglou, Vassilis
name: Efremidis, Nikolaos K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we propose a general real-space method for the generation of nonparaxial accelerating beams with arbitrary predefined convex trajectories. Our results lead to closed-form expressions for the required phase at the input plane. We present such closed-form results for a variety of caustic curves: besides circular, elliptic, and parabolic, we find for the first time general power-law and exponential trajectories. Furthermore, by changing the initial amplitude we can design different intensity profiles along the caustic.
description: Accepted for publication in Optics Letters
Response of Benthic Organisms to External Conditions in Matagorda Bay
Creators: name: Kinsey, Julie
name: Montagna, Paul A.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2005
Subjects: Matagorda Bay
benthic analysis
Lavaca Bay
benthic organisms
Lavaca-Colorado Estuary

description: The Lavaca-Colorado Estuary is a major estuarine system along the Texas coast that provides a major economic benefit to the region by supporting a variety of agricultural, residential, industrial, and recreational functions. The Matagorda Bay Health Evaluation (MBHE) component of the LCRA/SAWS Water Project (LSWP) Study Plan was created to assess the environmental effects that could result from further changes to inflow patterns in the Matagorda Bay system. Benthic analysis is one of several measures outlined in the MBHE framework to determine bay health. This study examined how benthic macrofaunal community structure has varied over space and time in response to changes in inflow in both the Lavaca and Matagorda Bay systems. In general, the Matagorda stations E, F and D exhibit healthier ecosystem function than the Lavaca Bay stations. The investigation also found direct relationships between inflow and salinity on benthic communities. While there were few significant relationships found between univariate macrofaunal community measures and salinity or wet/dry periods, there were nevertheless distinct station differences in community structure along salinity gradients. Also, there were three indicator species of freshwater inflow effects. The polychaete Streblospio benedicti declined continuously from freshwater stations to marine stations D. The bivalves Macoma mitchelli and Mulinia lateralis exhibited strong declines along the salinity gradient from freshwater to marine. This implies that reduced flows will cause the upstream communities to take on characteristics of downstream communities. Over the next year, more analyses will be performed to assess if trophic levels are as important as species-level data, and if rare species play a significant role in ecosystem function. Neither of these factors were analyzed in the current preliminary report. Thus, further analysis of existing data, as well as possibly more field studies, is needed to more thoroughly assess the relationship between inflow and community structure in the Lavaca-Colorado estuary
Relay Selection for Wireless Communications Against Eavesdropping: A Security-Reliability Tradeoff Perspective
Creators: name: Zou, Yulong
name: Zhu, Jia
name: Li, Xuelong
name: Hanzo, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article examines the secrecy coding aided wireless communications from a source to a destination in the presence of an eavesdropper from a security-reliability tradeoff (SRT) perspective. Explicitly, the security is quantified in terms of the intercept probability experienced at the eavesdropper, while the outage probability encountered at the destination is used to measure the transmission reliability. We characterize the SRT of conventional direct transmission from the source to the destination and show that if the outage probability is increased, the intercept probability decreases, and vice versa. We first demonstrate that the employment of relay nodes for assisting the source-destination transmissions is capable of defending against eavesdropping, followed by quantifying the benefits of single-relay selection (SRS) as well as of multi-relay selection (MRS) schemes. More specifically, in the SRS scheme, only the single "best" relay is selected for forwarding the source signal to the destination, whereas the MRS scheme allows multiple relays to participate in this process. It is illustrated that both the SRS and MRS schemes achieve a better SRT than the conventional direct transmission, especially upon increasing the number of relays. Numerical results also show that as expected, the MRS outperforms the SRS in terms of its SRT. Additionally, we present some open challenges and future directions for the wireless relay aided physical-layer security.
description: 16 pages, IEEE Network, 2015
(1361) Ellen Morley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Functional Interactions between Drosophila bHLH/PAS, Sox, and POU Transcription Factors Regulate CNS Midline Expression of the slit Gene
Creators: name: Crews, Stephen T.
name: Gao, Yanping
name: Niemitz, Emily
name: Ma, Yue
name: Certel, Kaan
name: Huseinovic, Neda
name: Mukherjee, Ashim
name: Mosher, Jack
name: Johnson, Wayne A.
name: Mutsuddi, Mousumi
name: Nambu, John R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: During
Έρευνα αγοράς για τη λειτουργία μιας πλατφόρμας κυκλικής οικονομίας και ανάλυση των δυνητικών χρηστών της και των απαιτήσεών τους
Creators: name: Διάφας, Γέωργιος
name: Βιτετζάκης, Εμμανουήλ
name: Πρίφτη, Άννα-Μαρία
name: Παπαχαραλάμπους, Αλέξανδρος
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: πλατφόρμα, κυκλική οικονομία, οικονομία διαμοιρασμού, βιωσιμότητα, έρευνα αγοράς

description: Η μη αξιοποίηση και η μη επαναχρησιμοποίηση των ανεκμετάλλευτων πόρων κι εξοπλισμού, ζημιώνει τόσο τις επιχειρήσεις όσο και το περιβάλλον. Επιπρόσθετα, η ποσότητα βιομηχανικών αποβλήτων είναι μεγάλη. Αυτό το πρόβλημα θα προσπαθήσει να επιλύσει το EFFICIOUS, μια διαδικτυακή πλατφόρμα κυκλικής οικονομίας, η οποία θα φέρνει σε επαφή τις εταιρείες, με σκοπό την ανταλλαγή μη χρήσιμων προϊόντων, εξοπλισμού ή υπηρεσιών. Η πλατφόρμα αυτή θα προσφέρει επιπλέον την δυνατότητα της ανακύκλωσης προϊόντων, ακόμα και της δωρεάς σε φιλανθρωπικές οργανώσεις ή ιδρύματα που το έχουν ανάγκη. Σε αυτή τη δημοσίευση θα παρουσιαστούν τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας αγοράς που πραγματοποιήθηκε προκειμένου να μελετηθεί η αγορά και να αναγνωριστούν οι δυνητικοί χρήστες της πλατφόρμας και οι απαιτήσεις τους.
The Plot to Overthrow Genocide: State Laws Mandating Education about the Foulest Crime of ALl
Creators: name: Bitensky, Susan
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2018

description: 2 This Article shines a light on a little noticed phenomenon in American law: the promulgation of ten state statutes and one state regulation, each requiring education about genocide in elementary and/or secondary schools. The mandates, adopted from 1989 through 2018, appear to be only the beginning inasmuch as in 2017 another nineteen states publicly pledged to pass such mandates as well.
Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Developing Mammalian Motoneurons: Regulation of Programmed Cell Death Among Motoneuron Subtypes
Creators: name: Houenou, Lucien J.
name: Oppenheim, Ronald W.
name: Parsadanian, Alexender S.
name: Prevette, David
name: Snider, William D.
name: Shen, Liya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Because of discrepancies in previous reports regarding the role of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in motoneuron (MN) development and survival, we have reexamined MNs in GDNF-deficient mice and in mice exposed to increased GDNF after
Figure S5 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk.
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parameterized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared with observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, with the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
Adustoporia sinuosa Audet, Mushrooms
Creators: name: Yang, Lu Wang Xin
name: Zhao, Changlin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Polyporales
Fomitopsidaceae
Adustoporia
Adustoporia sinuosa

description: 2. Adustoporia sinuosa (Fr.) Audet, Mushrooms
nomenclatural novelties 11: 1 (2017). Brown rot in a broad-leaved forest. Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve, Heping Town, Zhenyuan County, Puer, Yunnan Province, China, on a fallen trunk of angiosperm, 11 January 2018, CLZhao 4818.
description: Published as part of Yang, Lu Wang Xin & Zhao, Changlin, 2024, The wood-decaying fungal diversity unveiled by morphology and phylogeny in Ailaoshan Mountain, Yunnan, China, pp. 1-30 in Phytotaxa 661 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13218270
On the Global Topology of Moduli Spaces of Riemannian Metrics with Holonomy $\operatorname{Sp}(n)$
Creators: name: Degen, David
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: Topology of Moduli Spaces of Riemannian Metrics
Moduli Spaces of Hyperkähler Metrics

description: We discuss aspects of the global topology of moduli spaces of hyperkähler metrics. If the second Betti number is larger than $4$, we show that each connected component of these moduli spaces is not contractible. Moreover, in certain cases, we show that the components are simply connected and determine the second rational homotopy group. By that, we prove that the rank of the second homotopy group is bounded from below by the number of orbits of MBM-classes in the integral cohomology. \\ An explicit description of the moduli space of these hyperkähler metrics in terms of Torelli theorems will be given. We also provide such a description for the moduli space of Einstein metrics on the Enriques manifold. For the Enriques manifold, we also give an example of a desingularization process similar to the Kummer construction of Ricci-flat metrics on a Kummer $K3$ surface.\\ We will use these theorems to provide topological statements for moduli spaces of Ricci-flat and Einstein metrics in any dimension larger than $3$. For a compact simply connected manifold $N$ we show that the moduli space of Ricci flat metrics on $N\times T^k$ splits homeomorphically into a product of the moduli space of Ricci flat metrics on $N$ and the moduli of sectional curvature flat metrics on the torus $T^k$.
(1363) Sabina Morley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Search for octupole correlations in $^{147}$Nd
Creators: name: Ruchowska, E.
name: Mach, H.
name: Kowal, M.
name: Skalski, J.
name: Plociennik, W. A.
name: Fogelberg, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of excited states in $^{147}$Nd have been studied with multispectra and $γγ$ coincidence measurements. Twenty-four new $γ$-lines and three new levels have been introduced into the level scheme of $^{147}$Nd. Lifetimes of eight excited levels in $^{147}$Nd, populated in the $β$ decay of $^{147}$Pr, have been measured using the advanced time-delayed $βγγ$(t) method. Reduced transition probabilities have been determined for 30 $γ$-transitions in $^{147}$Nd. Potential energy surfaces on the ($β_{2}$,$β_{3}$) plane calculated for $^{147}$Nd using the Strutinsky method predict two single quasiparticle configurations with nonzero octupole deformation, with K=1/2 and K=5/2. We do not observe parity doublet bands with K=5/2. For pair of opposite parity bands that could form the K=1/2 parity doublet we were able only to determine lower limit of the dipole moment, $|D_0|\geq$0.02 e$\cdot fm$.
description: Submitted to PRC
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Inhibits Mature Oligodendrocyte Apoptosis during Primary Demyelination
Creators: name: Ye, P.
name: Mason, J. L.
name: Suzuki, K.
name: D'Ercole, A. J.
name: Matsushima, G. K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Metabolic insult results in apoptosis and depletion of mature oligodendrocytes during demyelination. To examine the role of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) during acute demyelination and remyelination in the adult CNS, we exposed transgenic mice that continuously express IGF-1 (