cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The X-ray properties of Be/X-ray pulsars in quiescence
Creators: name: Tsygankov, Sergey S.
name: Wijnands, Rudy
name: Lutovinov, Alexander A.
name: Degenaar, Nathalie
name: Poutanen, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of accreting neutron stars (NS) with strong magnetic fields can be used not only for studying the accretion flow interaction with NS magnetospheres, but also for understanding the physical processes inside NSs and for estimating their fundamental parameters. Of particular interest are (i) the interaction of a rotating neutron star (magnetosphere) with the in-falling matter at different accretion rates, and (ii) the theory of deep crustal heating and the influence of a strong magnetic field on this process. Here, we present results of the first systematic investigation of 16 X-ray pulsars with Be optical companions during their quiescent states, based on data from the Chandra, XMM-Newton and Swift observatories. The whole sample of sources can be roughly divided into two distinct groups: i) relatively bright objects with a luminosity around ~10^34 erg/s and (hard) power-law spectra, and ii) fainter ones showing thermal spectra. X-ray pulsations were detected from five objects in group i) with quite a large pulse fraction of 50-70 per cent. The obtained results are discussed within the framework of the models describing the interaction of the in-falling matter with the neutron star magnetic field and those describing heating and cooling in accreting NSs.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, accepted by MNRAS
Adaptive estimation of a time-varying phase with a power-law spectrum via continuous squeezed states
Creators: name: Dinani, Hossein T.
name: Berry, Dominic W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When measuring a time-varying phase, the standard quantum limit and Heisenberg limit as usually defined, for a constant phase, do not apply. If the phase has Gaussian statistics and a power-law spectrum $1/|ω|^p$ with $p>1$, then the generalized standard quantum limit and Heisenberg limit have recently been found to have scalings of $1/{\cal N}^{(p-1)/p}$ and $1/{\cal N}^{2(p-1)/(p+1)}$, respectively, where ${\cal N}$ is the mean photon flux. We show that this Heisenberg scaling can be achieved via adaptive measurements on squeezed states. We predict the experimental parameters analytically, and test them with numerical simulations. Previous work had considered the special case of $p=2$.
description: 11 pages, comments welcome
Three-dimensional localized-delocalized Anderson transition in the time domain
Creators: name: Delande, Dominique
name: Morales-Molina, Luis
name: Sacha, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems which can spontaneously reveal periodic evolution are dubbed time crystals. This is in analogy with space crystals that display periodic behavior in configuration space. While space crystals are modelled with the help of space periodic potentials, crystalline phenomena in time can be modelled by periodically driven systems. Disorder in the periodic driving can lead to Anderson localization in time: the probability for detecting a system at a fixed point of configuration space becomes exponentially localized around a certain moment in time. We here show that a three-dimensional system exposed to a properly disordered pseudo-periodic driving may display a localized-delocalized Anderson transition in the time domain, in strong analogy with the usual three-dimensional Anderson transition in disordered systems. Such a transition could be experimentally observed with ultra-cold atomic gases.
description: version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett., supplemental material included
title: Boron isotope fractionation in subducting oceanic crust
Creators: name: Xu, Jie
name: Marschall, Horst
name: Gerdes, Axel
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The boron stable isotope ratio is employed to investigate fluid-rock interaction processes in subducting slabs and the slab–mantle interface. Two groups of subduction-related rocks were collected from Syros (Greece): the first group includes high-pressure metamorphic (HPM) rocks, which are interpreted as metamorphosed oceanic crust. They are characterized by prograde mineral assemblages; the second group of samples were collected from reaction zones, which formed in a high-pressure mélange zone and are characterized by the metasomatic formation of hydrous minerals (tourmaline, white mica, glaucophane) and secondary omphacite during exhumation.

Tourmaline and mica show the highest B contents, but in mica-free samples, glaucophane and omphacite control the boron budget. Boron isotope ratios of whole rocks, white mica, glaucophane and omphacite were determined at FIERCE by LA-MC-ICPMS. Published data for tourmaline in these samples are also available.

Group–1 HPM rocks show an average δ11B value of 0 ±5 ‰ (4 samples), which is higher than predicted from oceanic-crust dehydration modelling. This may suggest that published models strongly overestimate boron isotope fractionation in subduction zones, likely caused by erroneous assumptions on the B speciation in dehydration fluids. For the boron isotope fractionation among coexisting minerals we found the following: tourmaline–white mica +13 4 ‰ (3 samples); tourmaline–glaucophane: +11 ±4 ‰ (2); tourmaline–omphacite: +15 ±5 ‰ (5). These values suggest that boron shows the same coordination to oxygen (i.e. tetrahedral) in white mica, glaucophane and omphacite, which contrasts with the dominantly trigonal coordination of B in tourmaline.
British Gallup Poll CQ 992
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Government approval (1); Harold Wilson performance (1); Margaret Thatcher performance (1); Jeremy Thorpe performance (1); party support (1); last general election (2); urgent problems (2); best party to handle problems (1); next general election (2); government's price & income policy (15); Northern Ireland situation (8); restaurant advertisement (19); kitchen furniture (47); bedroom furniture (40); Open University (14); newspaper readership (1); read romances (19).
Repair Duality with Locally Repairable and Locally Regenerating Codes
Creators: name: Gligoroski, Danilo
name: Kralevska, Katina
name: Jensen, Rune E.
name: Simonsen, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We construct an explicit family of locally repairable and locally regenerating codes whose existence was proven in a recent work by Kamath et al. about codes with local regeneration but no explicit construction was given. This explicit family of codes is based on HashTag codes. HashTag codes are recently defined vector codes with different vector length $α$ (also called a sub-packetization level) that achieve the optimal repair bandwidth of MSR codes or near-optimal repair bandwidth depending on the sub-packetization level. We applied the technique of parity-splitting code construction. We show that the lower bound on the size of the finite field for the presented explicit code constructions can be lower than the one given in the work of Kamath et al. Finally, we discuss the importance of having two ways for node repair with locally regenerating HashTag codes: repair only with local parity nodes or repair with both local and global parity nodes. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first work where this duality in repair process is discussed. We give a practical example and experimental results in Hadoop where we show the benefits of having this repair duality.
description: Accepted as a full paper for publication at IEEE DataCom 2017
Non-Commutative Vector Bundles for Non-Unital Algebras
Creators: name: Rennie, Adam
name: Sims, Aidan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We revisit the characterisation of modules over non-unital $C^*$-algebras analogous to modules of sections of vector bundles. A fullness condition on the associated multiplier module characterises a class of modules which closely mirror the commutative case. We also investigate the multiplier-module construction in the context of bi-Hilbertian bimodules, particularly those of finite numerical index and finite Watatani index.
Line Integral Solution of Hamiltonian Systems with Holonomic Constraints
Creators: name: Brugnano, Luigi
name: Gurioli, Gianmarco
name: Iavernaro, Felice
name: Weinmueller, Ewa B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65P10, 65L80, 65L06

description: In this paper, we propose a second-order energy-conserving approximation procedure for Hamiltonian systems with holonomic constraints. The derivation of the procedure relies on the use of the so-called line integral framework. We provide numerical experiments to illustrate theoretical findings.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables
Passive high-yield seawater desalination at below one sun by modular and low-cost distillation
Creators: name: Chiavazzo, Eliodoro
name: Morciano, Matteo
name: Viglino, Francesca
name: Fasano, Matteo
name: Asinari, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although seawater is abundant, desalination is energy-intensive and expensive. Using the sun as an energy source is attractive for desalinating seawater; however, the performance of state-of-the-art passive devices is unsatisfactory when operated at less than one sun ($
description: The rinse strategy for salt removal has been designed and experimentally verified. The quality of figures has been improved. Previous results (both v1 and v2) unchanged
Joining X-ray to lensing: an accurate combined analysis of MACS J0416.1$-$2403
Creators: name: Bonamigo, M.
name: Grillo, C.
name: Ettori, S.
name: Caminha, G. B.
name: Rosati, P.
name: Mercurio, A.
name: Annunziatella, M.
name: Balestra, I.
name: Lombardi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel approach for a combined analysis of X-ray and gravitational lensing data and apply this technique to the merging galaxy cluster MACS J0416.1$-$2403. The method exploits the information on the intracluster gas distribution that comes from a fit of the X-ray surface brightness, and then includes the hot gas as a fixed mass component in the strong lensing analysis. With our new technique, we can separate the collisional from the collision-less diffuse mass components, thus obtaining a more accurate reconstruction of the dark matter distribution in the core of a cluster. We introduce an analytical description of the X-ray emission coming from a set of dual Pseudo-Isothermal Elliptical (dPIE) mass distributions, which can be directly used in most lensing softwares. By combining \emph{Chandra} observations with Hubble Frontier Fields imaging and MUSE spectroscopy in MACS J0416.1$-$2403, we measure a projected gas over total mass fraction of approximately $10\%$ at $350$ kpc from the cluster center. Compared to the results of a more traditional cluster mass model (diffuse halos plus member galaxies), we find a significant difference in the cumulative projected mass profile of the dark matter component and that the dark matter to total mass fraction is almost constant, out to more than $350$ kpc. In the coming era of large surveys, these results show the need of multi-probe analyses for detailed dark matter studies in galaxy clusters.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
A first-principles DFT+GW study of spin-filter and spin-gapless semiconducting Heusler compounds
Creators: name: Tas, M.
name: Sasioglu, E.
name: Friedrich, C.
name: Galanakis, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among Heusler compounds, the ones being magnetic semiconductors (also known as spin-filter materials) are widely studied as they offer novel functionalities in spintronic/magnetoelectronic devices. The spin-gapless semiconductors are a special case. They possess a zero or almost-zero energy gap in one of the two spin channels. We employ the $GW$ approximation, which allows an elaborate treatment of the electronic correlations, to simulate the electronic band structure of these materials. Our results suggest that in most cases the use of $GW$ self energy instead of the usual density functionals is important to accurately determine the electronic properties of magnetic semiconductors.
description: Final version as published
Full-counting statistics of energy transport of molecular junctions in the polaronic regime
Creators: name: Tang, Gaomin
name: Yu, Zhizhou
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the full-counting statistics (FCS) of energy transport carried by electrons in molecular junctions for the Anderson-Holstein model in the polaronic regime. Using two-time quantum measurement scheme, generating function (GF) for the energy transport is derived and expressed as a Fredholm determinant in terms of Keldysh nonequilibrium Green's function in the time domain. Dressed tunneling approximation is used in decoupling the phonon cloud operator in the polaronic regime. This formalism enables us to analyze the time evolution of energy transport dynamics after a sudden switch-on of the coupling between the dot and the leads towards the stationary state. The steady state energy current cumulant GF in the long time limit is obtained in the energy domain as well. Universal relations for steady state energy current FCS are derived under finite temperature gradient with zero bias and this enables us to express the equilibrium energy current cumulant by a linear combination of lower order cumulants. Behaviors of energy current cumulants in steady state under temperature gradient and external bias are numerically studied and explained. Transient dynamics of energy current cumulants is numerically calculated and analyzed. The universal scaling of normalized transient energy cumulants is found under both temperature gradient and external bias.
Using Redescription Mining to Relate Clinical and Biological Characteristics of Cognitively Impaired and Alzheimer's Disease Patients
Creators: name: Mihelčić, Matej
name: Šimić, Goran
name: Leko, Mirjana Babić
name: Lavrač, Nada
name: Džeroski, Sašo
name: Šmuc, Tomislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We used redescription mining to find interpretable rules revealing associations between those determinants that provide insights about the Alzheimer's disease (AD). We extended the CLUS-RM redescription mining algorithm to a constraint-based redescription mining (CBRM) setting, which enables several modes of targeted exploration of specific, user-constrained associations. Redescription mining enabled finding specific constructs of clinical and biological attributes that describe many groups of subjects of different size, homogeneity and levels of cognitive impairment. We confirmed some previously known findings. However, in some instances, as with the attributes: testosterone, the imaging attribute Spatial Pattern of Abnormalities for Recognition of Early AD, as well as the levels of leptin and angiopoietin-2 in plasma, we corroborated previously debatable findings or provided additional information about these variables and their association with AD pathogenesis. Applying redescription mining on ADNI data resulted with the discovery of one largely unknown attribute: the Pregnancy-Associated Protein-A (PAPP-A), which we found highly associated with cognitive impairment in AD. Statistically significant correlations (p <= 0.01) were found between PAPP-A and various different clinical tests. The high importance of this finding lies in the fact that PAPP-A is a metalloproteinase, known to cleave insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Since it also shares similar substrates with A Disintegrin and the Metalloproteinase family of enzymes that act as α-secretase to physiologically cleave amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the non-amyloidogenic pathway, it could be directly involved in the metabolism of APP very early during the disease course. Therefore, further studies should investigate the role of PAPP-A in the development of AD more thoroughly.
Collision dynamics of two-dimensional non-Abelian vortices
Creators: name: Mawson, T.
name: Petersen, T. C.
name: Simula, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study computationally the collision dynamics of vortices in a two-dimensional spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensate. In contrast to Abelian vortex pairs, which annihilate or pass through each other, we observe non-Abelian vortex pairs to undergo rungihilation - an event that converts the colliding vortices into a rung vortex. The resulting rung defect subsequently decays to another pair of non-Abelian vortices of different type, accompanied by a magnetization reversal.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; edited as per referee comments
Verification of a dynamic scaling for the pair correlation function during the slow drainage of a porous medium
Creators: name: Moura, Marcel
name: Måløy, Knut Jørgen
name: Flekkøy, Eirik Grude
name: Toussaint, Renaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give experimental grounding for the remarkable observation made by Furuberg et al. in Ref. [furuberg1988] of an unusual dynamic scaling for the pair correlation function $N(r,t)$ during the slow drainage of a porous medium. The authors of that paper have used an invasion percolation algorithm to show numerically that the probability of invasion of a pore at a distance $r$ away and after a time $t$ from the invasion of another pore, scales as $N(r,t)\propto r^{-1}f\left(r^{D}/t\right)$, where $D$ is the fractal dimension of the invading cluster and the function $f(u)\propto u^{1.4}$, for $u \ll 1$ and $f(u)\propto u^{-0.6}$, for $u \gg 1$. Our experimental setup allows us to have full access to the spatiotemporal evolution of the invasion, which was used to directly verify this scaling. Additionally, we have connected two important theoretical contributions from the literature to explain the functional dependency of $N(r,t)$ and the scaling exponent for the short-time regime ($t \ll r^{D}$). A new theoretical argument was developed to explain the long-time regime exponent ($t \gg r^{D}$).
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Mechanism of Contact between a Droplet and an Atomically Smooth Substrate
Creators: name: Lo, Hau Yung
name: Liu, Yuan
name: Xu, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a droplet gently lands on an atomically smooth substrate, it will most likely contact the underlying surface in about 0.1 s. However, theoretical estimation from fluid mechanics predicts a contact time of 10 to 100 s. What causes this large discrepancy, and how does nature speed up contact by 2 orders of magnitude? To probe this fundamental question, we prepare atomically smooth substrates by either coating a liquid film on glass or using a freshly cleaved mica surface, and visualize the droplet contact dynamics with 30 nm resolution. Interestingly, we discover two distinct speed-up approaches: (1) droplet skidding due to even minute perturbations breaks rotational symmetry and produces early contact at the thinnest gap location, and (2) for the unperturbed situation with rotational symmetry, a previously unnoticed boundary flow around only 0.1 mm/s expedites air drainage by over 1 order of magnitude. Together, these two mechanisms universally explain general contact phenomena on smooth substrates. The fundamental discoveries shed new light on contact and drainage research.
description: Published version
Approximate fast graph Fourier transforms via multi-layer sparse approximations
Creators: name: Magoarou, Luc Le
name: Gribonval, Rémi
name: Tremblay, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is an algorithm of paramount importance in signal processing as it allows to apply the Fourier transform in O(n log n) instead of O(n 2) arithmetic operations. Graph Signal Processing (GSP) is a recent research domain that generalizes classical signal processing tools, such as the Fourier transform, to situations where the signal domain is given by any arbitrary graph instead of a regular grid. Today, there is no method to rapidly apply graph Fourier transforms. We propose in this paper a method to obtain approximate graph Fourier transforms that can be applied rapidly and stored efficiently. It is based on a greedy approximate diagonalization of the graph Laplacian matrix, carried out using a modified version of the famous Jacobi eigenvalues algorithm. The method is described and analyzed in detail, and then applied to both synthetic and real graphs, showing its potential.
The development of problem-solving ability on addition and subtraction of Garde-4 students using Polya's problem solving process with Bar model
Creators: name: Prapaporn Nongharnpituk
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Polya's problem solving process
Bar model
Problem-solving ability

description: Journal of Science and Science Education, 6, 2, 269-279
Bifurcation controller designs for the generalized cusp plants of Bogdanov--Takens singularity with an application to ship control
Creators: name: Gazor, Majid
name: Sadri, Nasrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34H20, 34K18, 34C20, 58E25

description: Nonlinear controlled plants with Bogdanov-Takens singularity may experience surprising changes in their number of equilibria, limit cycles and/or their stability types when the controllers slightly vary in the vicinity of critical parameter varieties. Each such a change is called a local bifurcation. We derive novel results with regards to truncated parametric normal form classification of the generalized cusp plants. Then, we suggest effective nonlinear bifurcation control law designs for precisely locating and accurately controlling many different types of bifurcations for two measurable plants from this family. The first is a general quadratic plant with a possible multi-input linear controller while the second is a Z_2-equivariant general plant with possible multi-input linear (Z_2-symmetry preserving) and quadratic (symmetry-breaking) controllers. The bifurcations include from primary to quinary bifurcations of either of the following types: saddle-node, transcritical and pitchfork of equilibria, Z_2-equivariant bifurcations of multiple limit cycles through Hopf, homoclinic, heteroclinic, saddle-node, and saddle-connection, and finally their one-parameter symmetry breaking bifurcations. Using our parametric normal form analysis, we propose a new approach for efficient treatment of tracking and regulating engineering problems with smooth manoeuvering possiblities. Due to the nonlinearity of a ship maneuvering characteristic, there is a need for a controller design in a ship steering system so that the ship follows a desired sea route. The results in bifurcation control analysis are applied to two nonlinear ship course models for such controller designs. Symbolic implementations in Maple and numerical simulations in MATLAB confirm our theoretical results and accurate predictions.
description: 33 pages
Stabilization of the Homotopy Groups of the Moduli Spaces of $k$-Higgs Bundles
Creators: name: Zúñiga-Rojas, Ronald A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55Q52, 14H60, 14D07

description: The work of Hausel proves that the Białynicki-Birula stratification of the moduli space of rank two Higgs bundles coincides with its Shatz stratification. He uses that to estimate some homotopy groups of the moduli space of $k$-Higgs bundles of rank two. Unfortunately, those two stratifications do not coincide in general. Here, the objective is to present a different proof of the stabilization of the homotopy groups of $\mathcal{M}^k(2,d)$, and generalize it to $\mathcal{M}^k(3,d)$, the moduli spaces of $k$-Higgs bundles of degree $d$, and ranks two and three respectively, using the results from the works of Hausel and Thaddeus, among other tools.
description: 19 pages, v3 updated version, corrected typos; to appear in Revista Colombiana de Matem\'aticas
title: Online Safety in the Pacific: A Report on a Living Lab in Kiribati, Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands
Creators: name: Third, Amanda
name: Lala, Girish
name: Moody, Lilly
name: Ogun, Nukte
Publisher: name: Western Sydney University
Year: 2020

description: With cable internet systems rolling out across the Pacific, access to affordable and fast digital connectivity in the region is set to rapidly expand, opening up unprecedented opportunities for children but also potentially exposing them to new risks of harm. Child online safety in the Pacific region thus stands at a critical juncture. However, there is very little rigorous and reliable evidence to guide policy and decision making in relation to children’s digital practices and online safety
This report presents the key findings of research undertaken to map the challenges and opportunities that technology presents for children in the Solomon Islands, Kiribati and Papua New Guinea. The project deployed a qualitative, participatory research methodology developed by the Young and Resilient Research Centre and previously deployed in over 70 countries.
From December 2019 to March 2020, the Young and Resilient Research Centre at Western Sydney University, ChildFund Australia and Plan International Australia conducted half-day creative workshops conducted separately with 96 children aged 10-18; 58 parents and carers; and 50 representatives of government departments, local and international NGOs, schools, police, telecommunications companies, religious organisations and community leaders.
Workshop activities explored key themes relating to each group’s perceptions and experiences of children’s digital media use and online safety, with the overall aim of generating an evidence base for ChildFund Australia’s and Plan International Australia’s future child protection programming in the Pacific region. Activities included writing, discussion, polls, and arts-based tools. Participants were engaged individually, in small groups, and as a whole group.
Overall, despite different cultural practices and contexts at play in the three countries that participated in the study, across the sample, there were remarkable similarities in children’s, parents’/carers’ and other adult stakeholders’ experiences of navigating online safety issues for and with children.
title: Debunking the myth of Germany being a country poorly endowed in high technology raw materials
Creators: name: Gutzmer, Jens
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
For several decades, there has been a widely accepted paradigm that „Germany is rich in poor ore deposits“. This paradigm was communicated with conviction especially by experts, i.e. geoscientists active in the raw materials sector. And, indeed, this paradigm appeared well justified as the known endowment of Germany in bulk commodities such as iron, manganese or copper was small in resource tonnage and of too low grade in comparison to world-class deposits in countries such as Australia, South Africa or Chile. Yet, from today’s perspective there are some sound arguments why this paradigm may be outdated. Tangible reasons include (a) a marked shift in the portfolio of mineral commodities that are in the focus of a global raw materials industry that needs to generate the supply needed to meet the ambitious goals of the energy transition sensu lato; (b) the almost complete lack of modern mineral exploration across most of Germany for more than 30 years – and thus a sincere lack of knowledge about mineral endowment in the subsurface environment; (c) the well-recognised need to render global mineral exploration and production more sustainable. These arguments, combined with the well-known exceptional mineral endowment of regions such as the Erzgebirge or the Kupferschiefer basin across central and south-eastern Germany provide motivation to revise the widely held paradigm. Germans should, indeed, today be regarded as a highly prospective and attractive exploration frontier located in the heart of Europe.
Dynamic encoding of phonetic categories and complex acoustic features in zebra finch auditory forebrain
Creators: name: Liu, Wanyi
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: To process information in a dynamically changing environment, our sensory systems need to adaptively encode sensory signals while remaining resistant to the variations in those signals so as to form invariant representations. The ability of perceptual invariance is crucial for vocal communication. Humans and other animals can form acoustic categories for human speech phonemes and abstract acoustic features. The invariant representation of acoustic signals emerges hierarchically in the auditory system. This study aims to investigate the neural representations of acoustic categories in zebra finch auditory forebrain and the influence of passive familiarization on those neural representations. Extracellular neural responses in the primary (Field L) and secondary (NCM) auditory areas were recorded when zebra finches were passively exposed to acoustic stimuli using natural human speech produced by different speakers and synthetic acoustic stimuli. Results showed that NCM neurons can form a generalized representation for word categories independent of individual variations, and this representation improves with passive familiarization. Similar effects were also seen for the abstract acoustic features in synthetic stimuli. Taken together, the results provide insights into the neural mechanisms of categorical representation and the dynamic encoding process underlying the formation of generalized representations.
Orbital flips in hierarchical triple systems: relativistic effects and third-body effects to hexadecapole order
Creators: name: Will, Clifford M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the secular evolution of hierarchical triple systems in the post-Newtonian approximation to general relativity. We expand the Newtonian three-body equations of motion in powers of the ratio $a/A$, where $a$ and $A$ are the semimajor axis of the inner binary's orbit and of the orbit of the third body relative to the center of mass of the inner binary, respectively. The leading order "quadrupole" terms, of order $(a/A)^3$ relative to the $1/a^2$ acceleration within the inner binary, are responsible for the well-known Kozai-Lidov oscillations of orbital inclination and eccentricity. The octupole terms, of order $(a/A)^4$ have been shown to allow the inner orbit to "flip" from prograde relative to the outer orbit to retrograde and back, and to permit excursions to very large eccentricities. We carry the expansion of the equations of motion to hexadecapole order, corresponding to contributions of order $(a/A)^5$. We also include the leading orbital effects of post-Newtonian theory, namely the pericenter precessions of the inner and outer orbits. Using the Lagrange planetary equations for the orbit elements of both binaries, we average over orbital timescales, obtain the equations for the secular evolution of the elements through hexadecapole order, and employ them to analyze cases of astrophysical interest. We find that, for the most part, the orbital flips found at octupole order are robust against both relativistic and hexadecapole perturbations. We show that, for equal-mass inner binaries, where the octupole terms vanish, the hexadecapole contributions can alone generate orbital flips and excursions to very large eccentricities.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, typos corrected; matches published version
Microwave attenuators for use with quantum devices below 100 mK
Creators: name: Yeh, Jen-Hao
name: LeFebvre, Jay
name: Premaratne, Shavindra
name: Wellstood, F. C.
name: Palmer, B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To reduce the level of thermally generated electrical noise transmitted to superconducting quantum devices operating at 20 mK, we have developed thin-film microwave power attenuators operating from 1 to 10 GHz. The 20 dB and 30 dB attenuators are built on a quartz substrate and use 75 nm thick films of nichrome for dissipative components and 0.001 mm thick silver films as hot electron heat sinks. The noise temperature of the attenuators was quantified by connecting the output to a 3D cavity containing a transmon qubit and extracting the dephasing rate of the qubit as a function of temperature and dissipated power P_d in the attenuator. The minimum noise temperature T_n of the output from the 20 dB attenuator was T_n less than and equal to 53 mK for no additional applied power and T_n about 120 mK when dissipating 30 nW. In the limit of large dissipated power (P_d > 1 nW) we find T_n proportional to P_d^(1/5.4), consistent with detailed thermal modeling of heat flow in the attenuators.
Robo-AO Kepler Asteroseismic Survey. I. Adaptive optics imaging of 99 asteroseismic Kepler dwarfs and subgiants
Creators: name: Schonhut-Stasik, Jessica S.
name: Baranec, Christoph
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Ziegler, Carl
name: Atkinson, Dani
name: Gaidos, Eric
name: Law, Nicholas M.
name: Riddle, Reed
name: Hagelberg, Janis
name: van der Marel, Nienke
name: Hodapp, Klaus W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used the Robo-AO laser adaptive optics system to image 99 main sequence and subgiant stars that have Kepler-detected asteroseismic signals. Robo-AO allows us to resolve blended secondary sources at separations as close as 0.15" that may contribute to the measured Kepler light curves and affect asteroseismic analysis and interpretation. We report 8 new secondary sources within 4.0" of these Kepler asteroseismic stars. We used Subaru and Keck adaptive optics to measure differential infrared photometry for these candidate companion systems. Two of the secondary sources are likely foreground objects and at least 6 of the secondaries are background sources; however we cannot exclude the possibility that three of the objects may be physically associated. We measured a range of i'-band amplitude dilutions for the candidate companion systems from 0.43% to 15.4%. We find that the measured amplitude dilutions are insufficient to explain the previously identified excess scatter in the relationship between asteroseismic oscillation amplitude and the frequency of maximum power.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables. Updated version, accepted to AJ
title: Big Data in Geoscience – How to approach our largest challenge of today?
Creators: name: Grötsch, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
In the past decades, the amount of digital subsurface and geoscience data has grown exponentially, and many companies and government organizations are dealing nowadays with Petabyte-scales of data, still growing fast. On the other hand, hardware, storage solutions, technical applications and data management utilities have not kept up with such rapid developments. This resulted in a big gap and hampers the use of AI and data-driven workflows in complex subsurface projects, be it in hydrocarbon exploration and development, geothermal energy projects, CCS, H2-storage and the search for nuclear waste sites, but also integrated scientific research programs.

The Open Subsurface Data Universe (OSDU) project is aiming at addressing this challenge and has already resulted in a fundamental change the energy industry approaches data management. OSDU is a consortium with now some 228 companies with geoscience, software technology, data center and service industry backgrounds pooling their efforts to address above challenges via a common open-source, cloud-agnostic data platform, ie OSDU. Also, government organizations and universities are participating in the project.

Georeferencing, data security and accessibility via API layers in the cloud are key features in making data searchable, secure, sharable, and easily retrievable. The project managed by the Open Group Organization has generated not only a fully scalable geoscience data platform but also a new application ecosystem for geoscientists and engineers with many more use cases to come resulting in a revolutionary change on how we can deal with geoscience data and workflows.
Astrophysical uncertainties on stellar microlensing constraints on multi-Solar mass primordial black hole dark matter
Creators: name: Green, Anne M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has recently been interest in multi-Solar mass Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) as a dark matter (DM) candidate. There are various microlensing, dynamical and accretion constraints on the abundance of PBHs in this mass range. Taken at face value these constraints exclude multi-Solar mass PBHs making up all of the DM for both delta-function and extended mass functions. However the stellar microlensing event rate depends on the density and velocity distribution of the compact objects along the line of sight to the Magellanic Clouds. We study the dependence of the constraints on the local dark matter density and circular speed and also consider models where the velocity distribution varies with radius. We find that the largest mass constrained by stellar microlensing can vary by an order of magnitude. In particular the constraints are significantly weakened if the velocity dispersion of the compact objects is reduced. The change is not sufficiently large to remove the tension between the stellar microlensing and dynamical constraints. However this demonstrates that it is crucial to take into account astrophysical uncertainties when calculating and comparing constraints. We also confirm the recent finding that the tension between the constraints is in fact increased for realistic, finite width mass functions.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, v2: version to appear in PRD with cosmetic changes to figs. 1 & 4
Die Veränderung von Einstellungen und Selbstwirksamkeit im Hinblick auf inklusiven Unterricht bei Lehramtsstudierenden im Praxissemester
Creators: name: Vriesen, Judith Barbara
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Inklusion
subject: Praxissemester
subject: Einstellung zu inklusivem Unterricht
subject: Selbstwirksamkeit in Bezug auf inklusiven Unterricht
subject: Professionelle Kompetenz von Lehrkräften (COACTIV)
subject: 370
subject: Inklusiver Unterricht
subject: Schule
subject: Lehrkräfte

description: Spätestens seit der Ratifizierung der UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention im Jahr 2007 ist inklusiver Unterricht zu realisieren. Angehende Lehrkräfte werden an den Hochschulen unterschiedlich darauf vorbereitet. Das Praxissemester, eine besondere Lerngelegenheit im Studium, wird mit Hilfe wissenschaftsbezogener, universitärer Seminare vorbereitet und begleitet. Hier können Studierende aller Schulformen Erfahrungen mit Menschen mit Behinderungen im schulischen Kontext machen und inklusive Kompetenzfacetten (abgeleitet aus dem COACITV-Kompetenzmodell) entwickeln und erweitern. Ausgehend von diesen Überlegungen hat sich diese Studie mit der Veränderung von Einstellungen und Selbstwirksamkeit im Hinblick auf inklusiven Unterricht von Studierenden der Lehrämter an Grundschulen, der Sekundarstufe I, für sonderpädagogische Förderung und an Gymnasien und Gesamtschulen während der Vorbereitungs- und Durchführungsphase des Praxissemesters auseinandergesetzt. Eng damit verbunden sind die Bedeutung von Erfahrungen mit Menschen mit Behinderungen und die Häufigkeit der Lerngelegenheiten bezogen auf inklusiven Unterricht. Als Datengrundlage dienten 837 Fragebögen, die an drei verschiedenen Messzeitpunkten (Konvergenzmodell) gesammelt wurden. Im Ergebnis konnten verschiedene Veränderungsprozesse aufgezeigt sowie inklusive Erkenntnisse zum Praxissemester gewonnen werden. So zeigte sich, dass alle Lehramtsstudierenden bereits zu Beginn der Vorbereitung auf das Praxissemester positive Einstellungen zu inklusivem Unterricht haben, die meisten Veränderungen während der wissenschaftsorientierten Vorbereitung erfolgen und rund 75% aller Studierenden eigene Erfahrungen mit Schülerinnen und Schülern mit sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf sammeln konnten. Insgesamt bieten die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse erste Hinweise zu inklusiven Lerngelegenheiten und dem Erwerb inklusiver Kompetenzfacetten während des Praxissemesters.
Self-induced dust traps: overcoming planet formation barriers
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Jean-François
name: Laibe, Guillaume
name: Maddison, Sarah T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planet formation is thought to occur in discs around young stars by the aggregation of small dust grains into much larger objects. The growth from grains to pebbles and from planetesimals to planets is now fairly well understood. The intermediate stage has however been found to be hindered by the radial-drift and fragmentation barriers. We identify a powerful mechanism in which dust overcomes both barriers. Its key ingredients are i) backreaction from the dust onto the gas, ii) grain growth and fragmentation, and iii) large-scale gradients. The pile-up of growing and fragmenting grains modifies the gas structure on large scales and triggers the formation of pressure maxima, in which particles are trapped. We show that these self-induced dust traps are robust: they develop for a wide range of disc structures, fragmentation thresholds and initial dust-to-gas ratios. They are favored locations for pebbles to grow into planetesimals, thus opening new paths towards the formation of planets.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures. Added a 1-page erratum correcting an inconsequential error in Appendix C. A higher resolution version of the paper, as well as the online videos, are available at https://cral.univ-lyon1.fr/labo/perso/jean-francois.gonzalez/Papers/SIDT/
On the Fourth Power Moment of Fourier Coefficients of Cusp Form
Creators: name: Li, Jinjiang
name: Wang, Panwang
name: Zhang, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $a(n)$ be the Fourier coefficients of a holomorphic cusp form of weight $κ=2n\geqslant12$ for the full modular group and $A(x)=\sum\limits_{n\leqslant x}a(n)$. In this paper, we establish an asymptotic formula of the fourth power moment of $A(x)$ and prove that \begin{equation*} \int_1^TA^4(x)\mathrm{d}x=\frac{3}{64κπ^4}s_{4;2}(\tilde{a}) T^{2κ}+O\big(T^{2κ-δ_4+\varepsilon}\big) \end{equation*} with $δ_4=1/8$, which improves the previous result.
description: 11 pages
Campania generalului rus Baratov în Persia, partea a II-a (toamna anului 1916 – sfârșitul anului1917)
Creators: name: Morar, Bogdan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Campania generalului rus Baratov în Persia, partea a II-a (toamna anului 1916 – sfârșitul anului 1917)
Relative periodic orbits form the backbone of turbulent pipe flow
Creators: name: Budanur, Nazmi Burak
name: Short, Kimberly Y.
name: Farazmand, Mohammad
name: Willis, Ashley P.
name: Cvitanović, Predrag
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chaotic dynamics of low-dimensional systems, such as Lorenz or Rössler flows, is guided by the infinity of periodic orbits embedded in their strange attractors. Whether this also be the case for the infinite-dimensional dynamics of Navier--Stokes equations has long been speculated, and is a topic of ongoing study. Periodic and relative periodic solutions have been shown to be involved in transitions to turbulence. Their relevance to turbulent dynamics---specifically, whether periodic orbits play the same role in high-dimensional nonlinear systems like the Navier--Stokes equations as they do in lower-dimensional systems---is the focus of the present investigation. We perform here a detailed study of pipe flow relative periodic orbits with energies and mean dissipations close to turbulent values. We outline several approaches to reduction of the translational symmetry of the system. We study pipe flow in a minimal computational cell, and report a library of invariant solutions found with the aid of the method of slices. Detailed study of the unstable manifolds of a sample of these solutions is consistent with the picture that relative periodic orbits are embedded in the chaotic saddle and that they guide the turbulent dynamics.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
ESA/CSEE Aug 2022 OOS23-2 Forecasting Cumulative Effects in the James Bay Lowlands
Creators: name: Hughes, Josie
name: Stewart, Frances E. C.
name: L. Baltzer, Jennifer
name: Venier, Lisa
name: Avery-Gomm, Stephanie
name: Alfaro Sánchez, Raquel
name: Chubaty, Alex M.
name: Cumming, Steven G.
name: Endicott, Sarah
name: Frid, Leonardo
name: Johnson, Cheryl
name: McFarlane, Samantha
name: McIntire, Eliot
name: Wiebe, Philip A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Slides for OOS23-2 at ESA/CSEE 2022, Montreal Weds August 17th https://cdmcd.co/zYByRQ
 Forecasting cumulative effects of anticipated resource development on wildlife and vegetation in the James Bay Lowlands of Northern Ontario, Canada. Phase 1 Prototype development.