cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effect of spin-conserving scattering on Gilbert damping in ferromagnetic semiconductors
Creators: name: Shen, K.
name: Tatara, G.
name: Wu, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gilbert damping in ferromagnetic semiconductors is theoretically investigated based on the $s$-$d$ model. In contrast to the situation in metals, all the spin-conserving scattering in ferromagnetic semiconductors supplies an additional spin relaxation channel due to the momentum dependent effective magnetic field of the spin-orbit coupling, thereby modifies the Gilbert damping. In the presence of a pure spin current, we predict a new contribution due to the interplay of the anisotropic spin-orbit coupling and a pure spin current.
description: 4 pages
Cooperation of Sperm in Two Dimensions: Synchronization, Attraction and Aggregation through Hydrodynamic Interactions
Creators: name: Yang, Yingzi
name: Elgeti, Jens
name: Gompper, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sperm swimming at low Reynolds number have strong hydrodynamic interactions when their concentration is high in vivo or near substrates in vitro. The beating tails not only propel the sperm through a fluid, but also create flow fields through which sperm interact with each other. We study the hydrodynamic interaction and cooperation of sperm embedded in a two-dimensional fluid by using a particle-based mesoscopic simulation method, multi-particle collision dynamics (MPC). We analyze the sperm behavior by investigating the relationship between the beating-phase difference and the relative sperm position, as well as the energy consumption. Two effects of hydrodynamic interaction are found, synchronization and attraction. With these hydrodynamic effects, a multi-sperm system shows swarm behavior with a power-law dependence of the average cluster size on the width of the distribution of beating frequencies.
The MedSeq Project: A randomized trial of integrating whole genome sequencing into clinical medicine
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Attitude of Health Personnel
Cardiomyopathies
Clinical Competence
Curriculum
Education, Medical, Continuing
Female
Genetic Counseling
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Genetic Testing
Genome, Human
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
Humans
Inservice Training
Male
Middle Aged
Phenotype
Predictive Value of Tests
Primary Health Care
Prognosis
Research Design
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Young Adult

description: Background: Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is already being used in certain clinical and research settings, but its impact on patient well-being, health-care utilization, and clinical decision-making remains largely unstudied. It is also unknown how best to communicate sequencing results to physicians and patients to improve health. We describe the design of the MedSeq Project: the first randomized trials of WGS in clinical care.Methods/Design: This pair of randomized controlled trials compares WGS to standard of care in two clinical contexts: (a) disease-specific genomic medicine in a cardiomyopathy clinic and (b) general genomic medicine in primary care. We are recruiting 8 to 12 cardiologists, 8 to 12 primary care physicians, and approximately 200 of their patients. Patient participants in both the cardiology and primary care trials are randomly assigned to receive a family history assessment with or without WGS. Our laboratory delivers a genome report to physician participants that balances the needs to enhance understandability of genomic information and to convey its complexity. We provide an educational curriculum for physician participants and offer them a hotline to genetics professionals for guidance in interpreting and managing their patients' genome reports. Using varied data sources, including surveys, semi-structured interviews, and review of clinical data, we measure the attitudes, behaviors and outcomes of physician and patient participants at multiple time points before and after the disclosure of these results.Discussion: The impact of emerging sequencing technologies on patient care is unclear. We have designed a process of interpreting WGS results and delivering them to physicians in a way that anticipates how we envision genomic medicine will evolve in the near future. That is, our WGS report provides clinically relevant information while communicating the complexity and uncertainty of WGS results to physicians and, through physicians, to their patients. This project will not only illuminate the impact of integrating genomic medicine into the clinical care of patients but also inform the design of future studies.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01736566. © 2014 Vassy et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
State-space based mass event-history model I: many decision-making agents with one target
Creators: name: Fushing, Hsieh
name: Zhu, Li
name: Shapiro-Ilan, David I.
name: Campbell, James F.
name: Lewis, Edwin E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A dynamic decision-making system that includes a mass of indistinguishable agents could manifest impressive heterogeneity. This kind of nonhomogeneity is postulated to result from macroscopic behavioral tactics employed by almost all involved agents. A State-Space Based (SSB) mass event-history model is developed here to explore the potential existence of such macroscopic behaviors. By imposing an unobserved internal state-space variable into the system, each individual's event-history is made into a composition of a common state duration and an individual specific time to action. With the common state modeling of the macroscopic behavior, parametric statistical inferences are derived under the current-status data structure and conditional independence assumptions. Identifiability and computation related problems are also addressed. From the dynamic perspectives of system-wise heterogeneity, this SSB mass event-history model is shown to be very distinct from a random effect model via the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) in a numerical experiment. Real data showing the mass invasion by two species of parasitic nematode into two species of host larvae are also analyzed. The analysis results not only are found coherent in the context of the biology of the nematode as a parasite, but also include new quantitative interpretations.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS189 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Nucleation efficiency of nuclear recoils in bubble chambers
Creators: name: Durnford, Daniel
name: Piro, Marie-Cécile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bubble chambers using liquid xenon (and liquid argon) have been operated (resp. planned) by the Scintillating Bubble Chamber (SBC) collaboration for GeV-scale dark matter searches and CE$ν$NS from reactors. This will require a robust calibration program of the nucleation efficiency of low-energy nuclear recoils in these target media. Such a program has been carried out by the PICO collaboration, which aims to directly detect dark matter using $\mathrm{C_3 F_8}$ bubble chambers. Neutron calibration data from mono-energetic neutron beam and Am-Be source has been collected and analyzed, leading to a global fit of a generic nucleation efficiency model for carbon and fluorine recoils, at thermodynamic thresholds of $2.45$ and $3.29\,\mathrm{keV}$. Fitting the many-dimensional model to the data ($34$ free parameters) is a non-trivial computational challenge, addressed with a custom Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach, which will be presented. Parametric MC studies undertaken to validate this methodology are also discussed. This fit paradigm demonstrated for the PICO calibration will be applied to existing and future scintillating bubble chamber calibration data.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Derivation of non-Markoffian transport equations for trapped cold atoms in nonequilibrium thermal field theory
Creators: name: Nakamura, Y.
name: Sunaga, T.
name: Mine, M.
name: Okumura, M.
name: Yamanaka, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-Markoffian transport equations for the systems of cold Bose atoms confined by a external potential both without and with a Bose-Einstein condensate are derived in the framework of nonequilibrium thermal filed theory (Thermo Field Dynamics). Our key elements are an explicit particle representation and a self-consistent renormalization condition which are essential in thermal field theory. The non-Markoffian transport equation for the non-condensed system, derived at the two-loop level, is reduced in the Markoffian limit to the ordinary quantum Boltzmann equation derived in the other methods. For the condensed system, we derive a new transport equation with an additional collision term which becomes important in the Landau instability.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Development of a ROS-based Architecture for Intelligent Autonomous on Demand Last Mile Delivery
Creators: name: Novtony, Georg
name: Morales-Alvarez, Walter
name: Smirnov, Nikita
name: Olaverri-Monreal, Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents the development of the JKU-ITS Last Mile Delivery Robot. The proposed approach utilizes a combination of one 3D LIDAR, RGB-D camera, IMU and GPS sensor on top of a mobile robot slope mower. An embedded computer, running ROS1, is utilized to process the sensor data streams to enable 2D and 3D Simultaneous Localization and Mapping, 2D localization and object detection using a convolutional neural network.
Dirac nodal pockets in the antiferromagnetic parent phase of FeAs superconductors
Creators: name: Harrison, N.
name: Sebastian, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that previously measured small Fermi surface pockets within the antiferromagnetic phase of SrFe2As2 and BaFe2As2 are consistent with a Dirac dispersion modulated by interlayer hopping, giving rise to a Dirac point in k-space and a cusp in the magnetic field angle-dependent magnetic quantum oscillation frequencies. These findings support the existence of a nodal spin-density wave in these materials, which could play an important role in protecting the metallic state against localization effects. The speed of the Dirac fermions in SrFe2As2 and BaFe2As2 is found to be 14-20 times slower than in graphene, suggesting that the pnictides provide a laboratory for exploring the effects of strongly interacting Dirac fermions.
description: 4 pages
Correlation based Imaging for rotating satellites
Creators: name: Leibovich, Matan
name: Papanicolaou, George
name: Tsogka, Chrysoula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 78A45, 78A46, 35R30, 49N30, 78M35, 78M99

description: We consider imaging of fast moving small objects in space, such as low earth orbit satellites, which are also rotating around a fixed axis. The imaging system consists of ground based, asynchronous sources of radiation and several passive receivers above the dense atmosphere. We use the cross-correlation of the received signals to reduce distortions from ambient medium fluctuations. Imaging with correlations also has the advantage of not requiring any knowledge about the probing pulse and depends weakly on the emitter positions. We account for the target's orbital velocity by introducing the necessary Doppler compensation. To image a fast rotating object we also need to compensate for the rotation. We show that the rotation parameters can be extracted directly from the auto-correlation of the data before the formation of the image. We then investigate and analyze an imaging method that relies on backpropagating the cross-correlation data structure to two points rather than one, thus forming an interference matrix. The proposed imaging method consists of estimating the reflectivity as the top eigenvector of the migrated cross-correlation data interference matrix. We call this the rank-1 image and show that it provides superior image resolution compared to the usual single-point migration scheme for fast moving and rotating objects. Moreover, we observe a significant improvement in resolution due to the rotation leading to a diffraction limited resolution. We carry out a theoretical analysis that illustrates the role of the two point migration method as well as that of the inverse aperture and rotation in improving resolution. Extensive numerical simulations support the theoretical results.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2003.00131
Calcium binding-mediated sustained release of minocycline from hydrophilic multilayer coatings targeting infection and inflammation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents
Calcium
Drug Delivery Systems
Humans
Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
Infections
Inflammation
Minocycline
Prostheses and Implants

description: Infection and inflammation are common complications that seriously affect the functionality and longevity of implanted medical implants. Systemic administration of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs often cannot achieve sufficient local concentration to be effective, and elicits serious side effects. Local delivery of therapeutics from drug-eluting coatings presents a promising solution. However, hydrophobic and thick coatings are commonly used to ensure sufficient drug loading and sustained release, which may limit tissue integration and tissue device communications. A calcium-mediated drug delivery mechanism was developed and characterized in this study. This novel mechanism allows controlled, sustained release of minocycline, an effective antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drug, from nanoscale thin hydrophilic polyelectrolyte multilayers for over 35 days at physiologically relevant concentrations. pH-responsive minocycline release was observed as the chelation between minocycline and Ca2+ is less stable at acidic pH, enabling 'smart' drug delivery in response to infection and/or inflammation-induced tissue acidosis. The release kinetics of minocycline can be controlled by varying initial loading, Ca2+ concentration, and Ca2+ incorporation into different layers, enabling facile development of implant coatings with versatile release kinetics. This drug delivery platform can potentially be used for releasing any drug that has high Ca2+ binding affinity, enabling its use in a variety of biomedical applications. Copyright: © 2014 Zhang et al.
Combining Latent Space and Structured Kernels for Bayesian Optimization over Combinatorial Spaces
Creators: name: Deshwal, Aryan
name: Doppa, Janardhan Rao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of optimizing combinatorial spaces (e.g., sequences, trees, and graphs) using expensive black-box function evaluations. For example, optimizing molecules for drug design using physical lab experiments. Bayesian optimization (BO) is an efficient framework for solving such problems by intelligently selecting the inputs with high utility guided by a learned surrogate model. A recent BO approach for combinatorial spaces is through a reduction to BO over continuous spaces by learning a latent representation of structures using deep generative models (DGMs). The selected input from the continuous space is decoded into a discrete structure for performing function evaluation. However, the surrogate model over the latent space only uses the information learned by the DGM, which may not have the desired inductive bias to approximate the target black-box function. To overcome this drawback, this paper proposes a principled approach referred as LADDER. The key idea is to define a novel structure-coupled kernel that explicitly integrates the structural information from decoded structures with the learned latent space representation for better surrogate modeling. Our experiments on real-world benchmarks show that LADDER significantly improves over the BO over latent space method, and performs better or similar to state-of-the-art methods.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Avoidance memory requires CaMKII activity to persist after recall
Creators: name: Radiske, Andressa
name: Gonzalez, Maria Carolina
name: Rossato, Janine I.
name: Apolinário, Gênedy
name: de Oliveira, João R.
name: Bevilaqua, Lia R. M.
name: Cammarota, Martín
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Extended materials and methods, detailed information of statistics, and step-down latencies during SDIA training.
Giant pulse ruby laser and a holographic system for laser parameter measurement
Creators: name: Jones, Douglas Wayne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Three areas concerning a giant pulse ruby laser are dealt with in this work. First, the semi-classical theory of a giant pulse ruby laser utilizing a saturable absorber Q-switch is developed. Second, a novel holographic system for measuring various laser parameters of the giant pulse ruby laser is discussed in detail from a theoretical point of view. Third, a description is given of the experimental apparatus constructed, including l) a giant pulse ruby laser, 2) two laser radiation detectors, 3) a laser beam expansion and alignment system, and 4) the holographic system mentioned above.
Residential racial composition and black-white obesity risks: Differential effects of neighborhood social and built environment
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: obesity
neighborhood
racial segregation
social cohesion
built environment

description: This study investigates the association between neighborhood racial composition and adult obesity risks by race and gender, and explores whether neighborhood social and built environment mediates the observed protective or detrimental effects of racial composition on obesity risks. Cross-sectional data from the 2006 and 2008 Southeastern Pennsylvania Household Health Survey are merged with census-tract profiles from 2005-2009 American Community Survey and Geographic Information System-based built-environment data. The analytical sample includes 12,730 whites and 4,290 blacks residing in 953 census tracts. Results from multilevel analysis suggest that black concentration is associated with higher obesity risks only for white women, and this association is mediated by lower neighborhood social cohesion and socioeconomic status (SES) in black-concentrated neighborhoods. After controlling for neighborhood SES, black concentration and street connectivity are associated with lower obesity risks for white men. No association between black concentration and obesity is found for blacks. The findings point to the intersections of race and gender in neighborhood effects on obesity risks, and highlight the importance of various aspects of neighborhood social and built environment and their complex roles in obesity prevention by socio-demographic groups. © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Search for single top quark production in pbar p collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV in the missing transverse energy plus jets topology
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
name: Aaltonen, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a search for single top quark production with the CDF II detector using 2.1 fb-1 of integrated luminosity of pbar p collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV. The data selected consist of events characterized by large energy imbalance in the transverse plane and hadronic jets, and no identified electrons and muons, so the sample is enriched in W -> tau nu decays. In order to suppress backgrounds, additional kinematic and topological requirements are imposed through a neural network, and at least one of the jets must be identified as a b-quark jet. We measure an excess of signal-like events in agreement with the standard model prediction, but inconsistent with a model without single top quark production by 2.1 standard deviations (sigma), with a median expected sensitivity of 1.4 sigma. Assuming a top quark mass of 175 GeV/c2 and ascribing the excess to single top quark production, the cross section is measured to be 4.9+2.5-2.2(stat+syst)pb, consistent with measurements performed in independent datasets and with the standard model prediction.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Investigating Barotropic Zonal Flow in Jupiter's Deep Atmosphere using Juno Gravitational Data
Creators: name: Kulowski, Laura
name: Cao, Hao
name: Yadav, Rakesh K.
name: Bloxham, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-precision Juno gravitational measurements allow us to infer the structure of Jupiter's deep atmospheric zonal flow. Since this inference is nonunique, it is important to explore the space of possible solutions. In this paper, we consider a model in which Jupiter's deep atmospheric zonal flow is barotropic, or invariant along the direction of the rotation axis, until it is truncated at depth by some dynamical process (e.g., Reynolds stress, Lorentz or viscous force). We calculate the density perturbation produced by the $z$-invariant part of the flow using the thermal wind equation and compare the associated odd zonal gravitational harmonics ($J_{3}$, $J_{5}$, $J_{7}$, $J_{9}$) to the Juno-derived values. Most of the antisymmetric gravitational signal measured by Juno can be explained by extending observed winds between $20.9^{\circ}\rm{S}-26.4^{\circ}\rm{N}$ to depths of $\sim 1000$ km. Because the small-scale features of the mid/high latitude zonal flow may not persist to depth, we allow the zonal flow in this region to differ from the observed surface winds. We find that the Juno odd zonal gravitational harmonics can be fully explained by $\sim 1000$ km deep barotropic zonal flows involving the observed winds between $20.9^{\circ}\rm{S}-26.4^{\circ}$N and a few broad mid/high latitude jets.
description: Published in JGR: Planets
An Algorithmic and a geometric characterization of coarsening at random
Creators: name: Gill, Richard D.
name: Grünwald, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62A01 (Primary), 62N01 (Secondary)

description: We show that the class of conditional distributions satisfying the coarsening at random (CAR) property for discrete data has a simple and robust algorithmic description based on randomized uniform multicovers: combinatorial objects generalizing the notion of partition of a set. However, the complexity of a given CAR mechanism can be large: the maximal "height" of the needed multicovers can be exponential in the number of points in the sample space. The results stem from a geometric interpretation of the set of CAR distributions as a convex polytope and a characterization of its extreme points. The hierarchy of CAR models defined in this way could be useful in parsimonious statistical modeling of CAR mechanisms, though the results also raise doubts in applied work as to the meaningfulness of the CAR assumption in its full generality.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AOS532 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
On the Dual Formulation of Boosting Algorithms
Creators: name: Shen, Chunhua
name: Li, Hanxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study boosting algorithms from a new perspective. We show that the Lagrange dual problems of AdaBoost, LogitBoost and soft-margin LPBoost with generalized hinge loss are all entropy maximization problems. By looking at the dual problems of these boosting algorithms, we show that the success of boosting algorithms can be understood in terms of maintaining a better margin distribution by maximizing margins and at the same time controlling the margin variance.We also theoretically prove that, approximately, AdaBoost maximizes the average margin, instead of the minimum margin. The duality formulation also enables us to develop column generation based optimization algorithms, which are totally corrective. We show that they exhibit almost identical classification results to that of standard stage-wise additive boosting algorithms but with much faster convergence rates. Therefore fewer weak classifiers are needed to build the ensemble using our proposed optimization technique.
description: Fixed typos. 16 pages. Published in IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (TPAMI), Dec. 2010
Additional file 2 of Avoidance memory requires CaMKII activity to persist after recall
Creators: name: Radiske, Andressa
name: Gonzalez, Maria Carolina
name: Rossato, Janine I.
name: Apolinário, Gênedy
name: de Oliveira, João R.
name: Bevilaqua, Lia R. M.
name: Cammarota, Martín
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Full-length versions of blots shown in Fig. 1.
LEXICOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION OF LEXICAL ARCHAISMS
Creators: name: Usmonova, Umida
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article explores issues related to the phenomenon of lexical archaism and the linguistic interpretation of lexical archaisms of the Uzbek language, lexicographic description, semantic classification. Also described are archaism, lexeme archaism, semema archaism, historism, linguistic features within the framework of historical word concepts, commonalities and particularities in relations. Opinions were made on the types, classification of archaism, the causes and factors of their occurrence, methodological features.
Medium modification of jet shape observables in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$= 2.76 TeV using EPOS and JEWEL event generators
Creators: name: Saha, Sumit Kumar
name: Sarkar, Debojit
name: Chattopadhyay, Subhasis
name: Sheikh, Ashik Ikbal
name: Prasad, Sidharth Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The substructure of charged jets gets modified due to the presence of the medium in heavy-ion collisions which is an indication of redistribution of energy inside the jet cone. It helps to understand the energy loss mechanisms of jets in the medium. A model dependent study of the modification of differential jet shape $(ρ(r))$ and the angularity (g) due to medium, has been performed in the most central Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV in the jet range of 20-40 GeV/c.
Dynamical properties of quasiparticles in a gapped graphene sheet
Creators: name: Qaiumzadeh, A.
name: Joibari, F. K.
name: Asgari, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical calculations of the impact of charge carriers-carriers interactions on the dynamical properties of quasiparticles such as renormalized velocity and quasiparticle inelastic scattering lifetime in a gapped graphene sheet. Our formalism is based on the many-body $G_0W$-approximation for the self-energy. We present results for the many-body renormalized velocity suppression and the renormalization constant over a broad range of energy gap values. We find that the renormalized velocity is almost independence of the carrier densities at large density regime. We also show that the quasiparticle inelastic scattering lifetime decreases by increasing the gap value. Finally, we present results for the mean free path of charge carriers suppression over the energy gap values.
description: 12 pages
Electrodynamic Casimir Effect in a Medium-Filled Wedge
Creators: name: Brevik, Iver
name: Ellingsen, Simen Å
name: Milton, Kimball A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the electrodynamic Casimir effect in a wedge defined by two perfect conductors making dihedral angle α=π/p. This system is analogous to the system defined by a cosmic string. We consider the wedge region as filled with an azimuthally symmetric material, with permittivity/permeability ε_1,μ_1 for distance from the axis ra. The results are closely related to those for a circular-cylindrical geometry, but with non-integer azimuthal quantum number mp. Apart from a zero-mode divergence, which may be removed by choosing periodic boundary conditions on the wedge, and may be made finite if dispersion is included, we obtain finite results for the free energy corresponding to changes in 'a' for the case when the speed of light is the same inside and outside the radius 'a', and for weak coupling, |ε_1- ε_2| \ll 1, for purely dielectric media. We also consider the radiation produced by the sudden appearance of an infinite cosmic string, situated along the cusp line of the pre-existing wedge.
description: 16 pages REVTEX4, 5 figures. Substantial revision; new references added. To appear in Phys. Rev. E
Diffuse Atomic and Molecular Gas in the Interstellar Medium of M82 toward SN 2014J
Creators: name: Ritchey, Adam M.
name: Welty, Daniel E.
name: Dahlstrom, Julie A.
name: York, Donald G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analysis of interstellar absorption lines seen in moderately-high resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio optical spectra of SN 2014J in M82. Our observations were acquired over the course of six nights, covering the period from ~6 days before to ~30 days after the supernova reached its maximum B-band brightness. We examine complex absorption from Na I, Ca II, K I, Ca I, CH+, CH, and CN, arising primarily from diffuse gas in the interstellar medium (ISM) of M82. We detect Li I absorption over a range in velocity consistent with that exhibited by the strongest Na I and K I components associated with M82; this is the first detection of interstellar Li in a galaxy outside of the Local Group. There are no significant temporal variations in the absorption-line profiles over the 37 days sampled by our observations. The relative abundances of the various interstellar species detected reveal that the ISM of M82 probed by SN 2014J consists of a mixture of diffuse atomic and molecular clouds characterized by a wide range of physical/environmental conditions. Decreasing N(Na I)/N(Ca II) ratios and increasing N(Ca I)/N(K I) ratios with increasing velocity are indicative of reduced depletion in the higher-velocity material. Significant component-to-component scatter in the N(Na I)/N(Ca II) and N(Ca I)/N(Ca II) ratios may be due to variations in the local ionization conditions. An apparent anti-correlation between the N(CH+)/N(CH) and N(Ca I)/N(Ca II) ratios can be understood in terms of an opposite dependence on gas density and radiation field strength, while the overall high CH+ abundance may be indicative of enhanced turbulence in the ISM of M82. The Li abundance also seems to be enhanced in M82, which supports the conclusions of recent gamma-ray emission studies that the cosmic-ray acceleration processes are greatly enhanced in this starburst galaxy.
description: 32 pages, 6 figures, accepted to ApJ; added table giving single-epoch equivalent widths; improved discussion regarding the lack of temporal variations; improved analysis of the Li I region
Parameterization of Deformed Nuclei for Glauber Modeling in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Shou, Q. Y.
name: Ma, Y. G.
name: Sorensen, P.
name: Tang, A. H.
name: Videbæk, F.
name: Wang, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density distributions of large nuclei are typically modeled with a Woods-Saxon distribution characterized by a radius $R_{0}$ and skin depth $a$. Deformation parameters $β$ are then introduced to describe non-spherical nuclei using an expansion in spherical harmonics $R_{0}(1+β_2Y^0_2+β_4Y^0_4)$. But when a nucleus is non-spherical, the $R_{0}$ and $a$ inferred from electron scattering experiments that integrate over all nuclear orientations cannot be used directly as the parameters in the Woods-Saxon distribution. In addition, the $β_2$ values typically derived from the reduced electric quadrupole transition probability B(E2)$\uparrow$ are not directly related to the $β_2$ values used in the spherical harmonic expansion. B(E2)$\uparrow$ is more accurately related to the intrinsic quadrupole moment $Q_{0}$ than to $β_2$. One can however calculate $Q_0$ for a given $β_2$ and then derive B(E2)$\uparrow$ from $Q_0$. In this paper we calculate and tabulate the $R_0$, $a$, and $β_2$ values that when used in a Woods-Saxon distribution, will give results consistent with electron scattering data. We then present calculations of the eccentricity $\varepsilon_2$ and $\varepsilon_3$ with the new and old parameters. We demonstrate that $\varepsilon_3$ is particularly sensitive to $a$ and argue that using the incorrect value of $a$ has important implications for the extraction of $η/s$ from the QGP created in Heavy Ion collisions.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Some Characterizations of Exponential Distribution Based on Order Statistics
Creators: name: Milošević, Bojana
name: Obradović, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62E10, 62G30

description: In this paper some new characterizing theorems of exponential distribution based on order statistics are presented. Some existing results are generalized and the open conjecture by Arnold and Villasenor is solved.
High-Mass Star Formation in the Near and Far 3-KPC Arms
Creators: name: Green, J. A.
name: McClure-Griffiths, N. M.
name: Caswell, J. L.
name: Ellingsen, S. P.
name: Fuller, G. A.
name: Quinn, L.
name: Voronkov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the presence of 6.7-GHz methanol masers, known tracers of high-mass star formation, in the 3-kpc arms of the inner Galaxy. We present 49 detections from the Methanol Multibeam Survey, the largest Galactic plane survey for 6.7-GHz methanol masers, which coincide in longitude, latitude and velocity with the recently discovered far-side 3-kpc arm and the well known near-side 3-kpc arm. The presence of these masers is significant evidence for high-mass star formation actively occurring in both 3-kpc arms.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, published in ApJ letters 696, L156-158
Two-dimensional Kolmogorov-type Goodness-of-fit Tests Based on Characterizations and their Asymptotic Efficiencies
Creators: name: Milošević, Bojana
name: Obradović, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60F10, 62G10, 62G20, 62G30

description: In this paper new two-dimensional goodness of fit tests are proposed. They are of supremum-type and are based on different types of characterizations. For the first time a characterization based on independence of two statistics is used for goodness-of-fit testing. The asymptotics of the statistics is studied and Bahadur efficiencies of the tests against some close alternatives are calculated. In the process a theorem on large deviations of Kolmogorov-type statistics has been extended to the multidimensional case.
Additional file 3 of Avoidance memory requires CaMKII activity to persist after recall
Creators: name: Radiske, Andressa
name: Gonzalez, Maria Carolina
name: Rossato, Janine I.
name: Apolinário, Gênedy
name: de Oliveira, João R.
name: Bevilaqua, Lia R. M.
name: Cammarota, Martín
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Pre-recall intra-CA1 AIP administration impairs SDIA memory recall but not maintenance.
Using virtual reality to augment perception, enhance sensorimotor adaptation, and change our minds
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: brain augmentation
motor adaptation
posture control
prism adaptation cross-modal processing
sensorimotor integration
vection
virtual reality environment

description: Technological advances that involve human sensorimotor processes can have both intended and unintended effects on the central nervous system (CNS). This mini review focuses on the use of virtual environments (VE) to augment brain functions by enhancing perception, eliciting automatic motor behavior, and inducing sensorimotor adaptation. VE technology is becoming increasingly prevalent in medical rehabilitation, training simulators, gaming, and entertainment. Although these VE applications have often been shown to optimize outcomes, whether it be to speed recovery, reduce training time, or enhance immersion and enjoyment, there are inherent drawbacks to environments that can potentially change sensorimotor calibration. Across numerous VE studies over the years, we have investigated the effects of combining visual and physical motion on perception, motor control, and adaptation. Recent results from our research involving exposure to dynamic passive motion within a visually-depicted VE reveal that short-term exposure to augmented sensorimotor discordance can result in systematic aftereffects that last beyond the exposure period. Whether these adaptations are advantageous or not, remains to be seen. Benefits as well as risks of using VE-driven sensorimotor stimulation to enhance brain processes will be discussed.
Numerical optimal control for HIV prevention with dynamic budget allocation
Creators: name: Gromov, Dmitry
name: Bulla, Ingo
name: Romero-Severson, Ethan O.
name: Serea, Oana Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This paper is about numerical control of HIV propagation. The contribution of the paper is threefold: first, a novel model of HIV propagation is proposed; second, the methods from numerical optimal control are successfully applied to the developed model to compute optimal control profiles; finally, the computed results are applied to the real problem yielding important and practically relevant results.
description: Submitted paper
PBW deformations of a Fomin-Kirillov algebra and other examples
Creators: name: Heckenberger, I.
name: Vendramin, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16T05, 05E15

description: We begin the study of PBW deformations of graded algebras relevant to the theory of Hopf algebras. One of our examples is the Fomin-Kirillov algebra FK3. Another one appeared in a paper of García Iglesias and Vay. As a consequence of our methods, we determine when the deformations are semisimple and we are able to produce PBW bases and polynomial identities for these deformations.
description: 22 pages. Accepted for publication in Algebr. Represent. Theory
The relationship between area poverty rate and site-specific cancer incidence in the United States
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: poverty
socioeconomic status
surveillance
incidence
health disparities

description: BACKGROUND The relationship between socioeconomic status and cancer incidence in the United States has not traditionally been a focus of population-based cancer surveillance systems. METHODS Nearly 3 million tumors diagnosed between 2005 and 2009 from 16 states plus Los Angeles were assigned into 1 of 4 groupings based on the poverty rate of the residential census tract at time of diagnosis. The sex-specific risk ratio of the highest-to-lowest poverty category was measured using Poisson regression, adjusting for age and race, for 39 cancer sites. RESULTS For all sites combined, there was a negligible association between cancer incidence and poverty; however, 32 of 39 cancer sites showed a significant association with poverty (14 positively associated and 18 negatively associated). Nineteen of these sites had monotonic increases or decreases in risk across all 4 poverty categories. The sites most strongly associated with higher poverty were Kaposi sarcoma, larynx, cervix, penis, and liver; those most strongly associated with lower poverty were melanoma, thyroid, other nonepithelial skin, and testis. Sites associated with higher poverty had lower incidence and higher mortality than those associated with lower poverty. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the importance and relevance of including a measure of socioeconomic status in national cancer surveillance. © 2014 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society.
Heating of near-Earth objects and meteoroids due to close approaches to the Sun
Creators: name: Marchi, S.
name: Delbo', M.
name: Morbidelli, A.
name: Paolicchi, P.
name: Lazzarin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that near-Earth objects (NEOs) during their orbital evolution may often undergo close approaches to the Sun. Indeed it is estimated that up to ~70% of them end their orbital evolution colliding with the Sun. Starting from the present orbital properties, it is possible to compute the most likely past evolution for every NEO, and to trace its distance from the Sun. We find that a large fraction of the population may have experienced in the past frequent close approaches, and thus, as a consequence, a considerable Sun-driven heating, not trivially correlated to the present orbits. The detailed dynamical behaviour, the rotational and the thermal properties of NEOs determine the exact amount of the resulting heating due to the Sun. In the present paper we discuss the general features of the process, providing estimates of the surface temperature reached by NEOs during their evolution. Moreover, we investigate the effects of this process on meteor-size bodies, analyzing possible differences with the NEO population. We also discuss some possible effects of the heating which can be observed through remote sensing by ground-based surveys or space missions.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Cryptosporidiosis: A Zoonotic Threat to Veterinary Professionals
Creators: name: Vishav Bharti
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: An emerging coccidian parasite of zoonotic importance is Cryptosporidium. It belongs to the family Cryptosporidiidae, order Eucoccidiida, class Sporozoa and phylum Apicomplexa. The parasite's location within the cell membrane and outside the cytoplasm is what makes it unique among other protozoans. There is presence of a distinct parsitophorous vacuole allows the parasite to feed. This gastrointestinal protozoan parasite causes diarrhoea in a variety of neonatal farm animals and can be fatal if not treated timely. Cattle are mostly affected by Cryptosporidium parvum, C. bovis, and C. hominis, which can induce diarrhoea, stunted growth and weight loss in calves, which results in major economic losses to dairy and beef industry. Close association to livestock can put humans in animal related profession at risk for occupational illness. The disease can spread bothways between humans and animals through the faeco-oral pathway. Others ways for human to contract the disease is by drinking contaminated water from lakes, swimming pools, water parks  and other recreational areas,
Vertex algebras and quantum master equation
Creators: name: Li, Si
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effective Batalin-Vilkovisky quantization theory for chiral deformation of two dimensional conformal field theories. We establish an exact correspondence between renormalized quantum master equations for effective functionals and Maurer-Cartan equations for chiral vertex operators. The generating functions are proven to have modular property with mild holomorphic anomaly. As an application, we construct an exact solution of quantum B-model (BCOV theory) in complex one dimension that solves the higher genus mirror symmetry conjecture on elliptic curves.
description: 49 pages. References added; statements and arguments improved
Observational constraints on a unified dark matter and dark energy model based on generalized Chaplygin gas
Creators: name: Park, Chan-Gyung
name: Hwang, Jai-chan
name: Park, Jaehong
name: Noh, Hyerim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a generalized version of Chaplygin gas as unified model of dark matter and dark energy. Using realistic theoretical models and the currently available observational data from the age of the universe, the expansion history based on the type Ia supernovae, the matter power spectrum, the cosmic microwave background radiation anisotropy power spectra, and the perturbation growth factor we put the unified model under observational test. As the model has only two free parameters in the flat Friedmann background [$Λ$CDM (cold dark matter) model has only one free parameter] we show that the model is already tightly constrained by currently available observations. The only parameter space extremely close to the $Λ$CDM model is allowed in this unified model.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures