cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On safe post-selection for Bell tests with ideal detectors: Causal diagram approach
Creators: name: Blasiak, Pawel
name: Borsuk, Ewa
name: Markiewicz, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reasoning about Bell nonlocality from the correlations observed in post-selected data is always a matter of concern. This is because conditioning on the outcomes is a source of non-causal correlations, known as a selection bias, rising doubts whether the conclusion concerns the actual causal process or maybe it is just an effect of processing the data. Yet, even in the idealised case without detection inefficiencies, post-selection is an integral part of experimental designs, not least because it is a part of the entanglement generation process itself. In this paper we discuss a broad class of scenarios with post-selection on multiple spatially distributed outcomes. A simple criterion is worked out, called the all-but-one principle, showing when the conclusions about nonlocality from breaking Bell inequalities with post-selected data remain in force. Generality of this result, attained by adopting the high-level diagrammatic tools of causal inference, provides safe grounds for systematic reasoning based on the standard form of multipartite Bell inequalities in a wide array of entanglement generation schemes, without worrying about the dangers of selection bias. In particular, it can be applied to post-selection defined by single-particle events in each detection chanel when the number of particles in the system is conserved.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
title: Structure-activity relationships and molecular docking studies of chromene and chromene based azo chromophores
title: a novel series of potent antimicrobial and anticancer agents
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Afifi, Tarek H.
name: Okasha, Rawda M.
name: Ahmed, Hany E.A.
name: Ilaš, Janez
name: Saleh, Tarek
name: Abd-El-Aziz, Alaa S.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: chromene compounds
subject: chromene azo dyes
subject: antitumor activity
subject: biological applications
subject: 2D QSAR and docking simulations
subject: 610

description: The design of novel materials with significant biological properties is a main target in drug design research. Chromene compounds represent an interesting medicinal scaffold in drug replacement systems. This report illustrates a successful synthesis and characterization of two novel series of chromene compounds using multi-component reactions. The synthesis of the first example of azo chromophores containing chromene moieties has also been established using the same methodology. The antimicrobial activity of the new molecules has been tested against seven human pathogens including two Gm+ve, two Gm-ve bacteria, and four fungi, and the results of the inhibition zones with minimum inhibitory concentrations were reported as compared to reference drugs. All the designed compounds showed significant potent antimicrobial activities, among of them, four potent compounds 4b, 4c, 13e, and 13i showed promising MIC from 0.007 to 3.9 μg/mL. In addition, antiproliferative analysis against three target cell lines was examined for the novel compounds. Compounds 4a, 4b, 4c, and 7c possessed significant antiproliferative activity against three cell lines with an IC50 of 0.3 to 2 μg/mL. Apoptotic analysis was performed for the most potent compounds via caspase enzyme activity assays as a potential mechanism for their antiproliferative effects. Finally, the computational 2D QSAR and docking simulations were accomplished for structure-activity relationship analyses.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Deep Learning for Regularization Prediction in Diffeomorphic Image Registration
Creators: name: Wang, Jian
name: Zhang, Miaomiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a predictive model for estimating regularization parameters of diffeomorphic image registration. We introduce a novel framework that automatically determines the parameters controlling the smoothness of diffeomorphic transformations. Our method significantly reduces the effort of parameter tuning, which is time and labor-consuming. To achieve the goal, we develop a predictive model based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) that learns the mapping between pairwise images and the regularization parameter of image registration. In contrast to previous methods that estimate such parameters in a high-dimensional image space, our model is built in an efficient bandlimited space with much lower dimensions. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model on both 2D synthetic data and 3D real brain images. Experimental results show that our model not only predicts appropriate regularization parameters for image registration, but also improving the network training in terms of time and memory efficiency.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Highly asymmetric quantum cloning in arbitrary dimension
Creators: name: Fiurasek, Jaromir
name: Filip, Radim
name: Cerf, Nicolas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the universal asymmetric cloning of states in a Hilbert space of arbitrary dimension. We derive the class of optimal and fully asymmetric 1->3 cloners, which produce three copies, each having a different fidelity. A simple parametric expression for the maximum achievable cloning fidelity triplets is then provided. As a side-product, we also prove the optimality of the 1->2 asymmetric cloning machines that have been proposed in the literature.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX 4
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF EXPORT-PRODUCING INDUSTRY IN MINNESOTA
Creators: name: Maki, Wilbur R.
name: Stenberg, Peter L.
name: Chen, Mason
name: Maki, Wilbur R.
name: Stenberg, Peter L.
name: Chen, Mason
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
International Relations/Trade

description: In this report, the role and importance of export-producing industries in Minnesota are discussed. Major emphasis is on agricultural-related industries and their economic importance to the State in value of gross output and contribution to gross state product.
Particle-like platonic solutions in scalar gravity
Creators: name: Kleihaus, Burkhard
name: Kunz, Jutta
name: Myklevoll, Kari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct globally regular gravitating solutions, which possess only discrete symmetries. These solutions of Yang-Mills-dilaton theory may be viewed as exact (numerical) solutions of scalar gravity, by considering the dilaton as a kind of scalar graviton, or as approximate solutions of Einstein-Yang-Mills theory. We focus on platonic solutions with cubic symmetry, related to a rational map of degree N=4. We present the first two solutions of the cubic N=4 sequence, and expect this sequence to converge to an extremal Reissner-Nordstrom solution with magnetic charge P=4.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Accelerating Custom Circuits for Sensors using OpenFASOC
Creators: name: Saligane, Mehdi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open-Source
FOSS
CAD
EDA
OpenFASOC

description: OUTLINE:

* Evolution of Software Dev till the 90s * Context and Background* Lowering Costs & Barriers to Chip Design* On-Going Projects & Contributions* Overview of FASOC - Fully Autonomous SoC Synthesis* Automated & Open Nanotechnology Platform* Open Cryogenic CMOS* Open-Source NanoFab Contributions Gallery* OpenFASOC’s GLayout Framework* Building Confidence in Open Design* What is next?* Bridging Gaps between Hardware & Software
Quasilocal Quark Models as Effective Theory of Non-perturbative QCD
Creators: name: Andrianov, A. A.
name: Andrianov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Quasilocal Quark Model of NJL type (QNJLM) as an effective theory of non-perturbative QCD including scalar (S), pseudoscalar (P), vector (V) and axial-vector (A) four-fermion interaction with derivatives. In the presence of a strong attraction in the scalar channel the chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken and as a consequence the composite meson states are generated in all channels. With the help of Operator Product Expansion the appropriate set of Chiral Symmetry Restoration (CSR) Sum Rules in these channels are imposed as matching conditions to QCD at intermediate energies. The mass spectrum and some decay constants for ground and excited meson states are calculated.
description: 5 pages, Talk at the International Symposium "MENU 2004", 29.August-4.September, Beijing,China
POLAND'S AGRICULTURE: SERIOUS COMPETITOR OR EUROPE'S POORHOUSE? SURVEY RESULTS ON FARM PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED POLISH VOIVODSHIPS AND A COMPARISON WITH GERMAN FARMS
Creators: name: Petrick, Martin
name: Spychalski, Grzegorz
name: Switlyk, Michal
name: Tyran, Ewa
name: Petrick, Martin
name: Spychalski, Grzegorz
name: Switlyk, Michal
name: Tyran, Ewa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: agriculture
subject: farm performance
subject: survey data
subject: Poland
subject: Germany

description: The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of farm-level data collected in a survey of 464 Polish farms in 2000. Performance indicators of farms in three Polish voivodships are compared with farm accountancy data from two German Länder. The results show that Polish farms were much less profitable than their German counterparts. The gap in income levels is much higher between persons employed in the agricultural sector than between average working persons in the two countries. Living standards within the Polish farm sector decline from the north-west to the south-east. The analysis suggests that the lower profitability of farms is a consequence of pronounced structural deficiencies due to a quite unfavourable workforce-land ratio on Polish farms and hardly a result of lower product prices. Serious technical and economic inefficiencies in the production process become visible in the data. There is a generally conservative attitude among farmers that prefers the continuation of farming over leaving the sector. Nevertheless, income from agriculture is to a substantial extent complemented by off-farm employment in the southern regions. Formal education of farm managers and access to finance appeared not to be crucial for their economic success in the past, although especially the most profitable farms in the north did not obtain as much credit as desired. Our overall conclusion is that Polish farms currently are in the midst of a regional, economic, and social differentiation process fuelled by huge imbalances in terms of income levels between rural and urban population groups. This process is however seriously slowed down or even halted by a number of effective institutional barriers, particularly with regard to rural labour markets. These barriers should be properly addressed by a formulation of future policies in order to avoid further social frictions in the course of the Polish EU accession.
"Anstöße" - Entwurf einer strukturellen Änderung der kirchlichen Arbeit
Creators: name: Ulrich, Heinrich-Hermann
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 18 Nr. 3 (1969): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 18, Heft 3
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Moe, Bernt
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1842

description: Moe, som er utgiver av Tidsskrift for den norske personalhistorie, sender 3 hefter av tidsskriftet og ber om pengestøtte
AGRICULTURALLY INDUCED ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS IN RUSSIA
Creators: name: Shvytov, Igor
name: Shvytov, Igor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This paper is concerned with environmental impacts in Russia, focusing in particular on agriculturally induced environmental impacts. First it discusses the current environmental situation in Russia. The paper provides an overview of Russia, including a description of its geographical and bioclimatic resources. The environmental pressures induced by human activity have been covered in more detail. The current situation regarding atmospheric emissions and waste water discharges are also considered in this paper. The environmental impacts of agriculture are stressed, with a focus on land degradation and especially soil erosion. A discussion of some policy suggestions to avoid environmental problems concludes the paper.
Governance and community participation : a collective approach for upgrading the Mahaiyawa slum community in Kandy, Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Ranjith, J. G. Sri.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this thesis is to explore a feasible approach for upgrading the largest slum community, known as Mahaiyawa, in the inner city area of the Kandy, Sri Lanka. The community has been living in this location for over three generations, but the existing government institutional structure has not responded to ensure the economic, social and environmental well-being of the people. The existing practices of the urban governmental system to solve the problems of the community have not been successful. Instead, the further fragmentation of urban institutional network is the norm in Kandy. Considering the empirical evidence of institutional constraints and conflicts, the thesis mainly focuses on the lack of local government capacity as a crucial factor to be addressed in taking measures for upgrading the slum community. Although Sri Lanka implemented a decentralization policy at the beginning of 1980s, the functional autonomy of the local governments is still limited due to a number of factors. The lack of local governments' capacity is identified in four major areas, i.e. fiscal powers, access to financial resources, legal authority and professionally qualified personnel. This impairs accountability, transparency, management efficiency and the active role of civil society groups in governance. The thesis argues that capacity-building of the local government through decentralization of powers is a necessary policy reform, but this is not a sufficient condition for creating a new form of good governance. It requires both the ability and the collective responsibility of local authorities, actors in civil society, including representatives of the slum communities, if a new form of governance is to be created for addressing the problems of slum communities. The thesis concludes that the inability to solve the problems of Mahaiyawa slum community is mainly due to the lack of local government capacity, and therefore, certain aspects of the local governments' capacity should be strengthened. Capacity-building of local government necessarily involves promotion of collective planning and implementation to solve the problems for upgrading the Mahaiyawa slum community. This study suggests that any effort to upgrade the slum community or relocate it to another area should be made in consultation and negotiation with the community and its leaders, to sufficiently address their concerns, particularly regarding ethnicity, culture and social aspects, and their locational dependency on the city for economic reasons.
Cellular uptake and anti-tumor activity of gemcitabine conjugated with new amphiphilic cell penetrating peptides
Creators: name: Zakeri-Milani, Parvin
name: Mussa Farkhani, Samad
name: Shirani, Ali
name: Mohammadi, Samaneh
name: Shahbazi Mojarrad, Javid
name: Akbari, Jafar
name: Valizadeh, Hadi
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: cell penetrating peptide
subject: gemcitabine
subject: toxicity
subject: drug delivery
subject: 610

description: Gemcitabine (Gem) is used as a single agent or in combination with other anticancer agents to treat many types of solid tumors. However, it has many limitations such as a short plasma half-life, dose-limiting toxicities and drug resistance. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides which may deliver a large variety of cargo mole- cules into the cancerous cells. The current study was designed to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of gemcita- bine chemically conjugated to CPPs. The peptides were synthesized using solid phase synthesis procedure. The uptake efficiency of CPPs into cells was examined by flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. The synthesized peptides were chemically conjugated to Gem and the in vitro cytotoxicity of conjugates was tested by MTT assay on A594 cell line. According to the obtained results, cellular uptake was increased with increasing the concentra- tion of CPPs. On the other hand the coupling of Gem with peptides containing block sequence of arginine (R5W3R4) and some alternating sequences (i.e. [RW]6 and [RW]3) exhibited improved antitumor activity of the drug. The findings in this study support the advantages of using cell-penetrating peptides for improving intracellular delivery of Gem into tumor as well as its activity.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Radiative and chiral corrections to elastic lepton-proton scattering in chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Talukdar, Pulak
name: Shastry, Vanamali C.
name: Raha, Udit
name: Myhrer, Fred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unified treatment of both chiral and radiative corrections to the low-energy elastic lepton-proton scattering processes is presented in Heavy Baryon Chiral Perturbations Theory. The proton hadronic chiral corrections include the next-to-next-to leading order corrections whereas the radiative corrections include the next-to-leading order terms in our novel power counting scheme. We find that the net fractional well-defined chiral corrections with respect to the leading order Born cross section can be as large as $10\%$ ($20\%$) for electron (muon) scattering process for MUon proton Scattering Experiment (MUSE) kinematics. We show {\it via} our model-independent treatment of the low-energy lepton-proton kinematics, that the largest theoretical uncertainty is due to the recent different published values of the proton's rms radius while, e.g., the next higher order hadronic chiral terms are expected to give rather nominal errors. For the radiative corrections we demonstrate a systematic order by order cancellation of all infrared singularities and present our finite ultraviolet regularization results. We find that the radiative corrections for muon-proton scattering is of the order of $2\%$, whereas for electron scattering the radiative corrections could be as large as $25\%$. We attribute such a contrasting result partially to the fact that in muon scattering the leading radiative order correction goes through zero in some intermediate low-momentum transfer region, leaving the sub-leading radiative chiral order effects to play a dominant role in this particular kinematic region. For the low-energy MUSE experiment, the often neglected lepton mass as well as the Pauli form factor contributions of the relativistic leptons are incorporated in all our computations.
description: 46 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in PhysRevD
AGRICULTURAL TRADE POLICIES AND TRADE RELATIONS IN TRANSITION ECONOMIES
Creators: name: Bergschmidt, Angela
name: Hartmann, Monika
name: Bergschmidt, Angela
name: Hartmann, Monika
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The economic changes during transition involved a shift away from the planned foreign trade organization within the council for mutual economic assistance. Following a phase of farreaching trade policy liberalization, the agricultural sector in the Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) has in the last years again been increasingly regulated. At the same time as the CEECs are striving for accession to the European Union, regional free trade agreements (FTA) and membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) have gained importance. The analysis shows that an effective reduction of agricultural protectionism as a result of WTO obligations can only be expected from a small number of CEECs. The effects induced through changes in international agricultural commodity markets in the CEECs depend particularly on the trade status and the trade structure in the agricultural sector, as well as on internal macro- and agricultural economic distortions. An appraisal of regional FTAs such as the Central European Free Trade Agreement and the Baltic Free Trade Agreement has to take into consideration the "Vinerian" effects of trade creation and trade diversion, as well as non-traditional effects, such as an increase in credibility of political decisions, and the strengthening of the bargaining power of the countries involved. The Europe Agreements and the aim of accession to the EU are of crucial importance to the CEECs. In the framework of an empirical analysis it is shown that the countries which have not been invited to the first round of accession negotiations might be adversely affected by the first east enlargement of the EU.
Coloured peak algebras and Hopf algebras
Creators: name: Bergeron, Nantel
name: Hohlweg, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S99 (Primary), 05E05, 05E10, 16S34, 16W30, (Secondary)

description: For $G$ a finite abelian group, we study the properties of general equivalence relations on $G_n=G^n\rtimes \SG_n$, the wreath product of $G$ with the symmetric group $\SG_n$, also known as the $G$-coloured symmetric group. We show that under certain conditions, some equivalence relations give rise to subalgebras of $\k G_n$ as well as graded connected Hopf subalgebras of $\bigoplus_{n\ge o} \k G_n$. In particular we construct a $G$-coloured peak subalgebra of the Mantaci-Reutenauer algebra (or $G$-coloured descent algebra). We show that the direct sum of the $G$-coloured peak algebras is a Hopf algebra. We also have similar results for a $G$-colouring of the Loday-Ronco Hopf algebras of planar binary trees. For many of the equivalence relations under study, we obtain a functor from the category of finite abelian groups to the category of graded connected Hopf algebras. We end our investigation by describing a Hopf endomorphism of the $G$-coloured descent Hopf algebra whose image is the $G$-coloured peak Hopf algebra. We outline a theory of combinatorial $G$-coloured Hopf algebra for which the $G$-coloured quasi-symmetric Hopf algebra and the graded dual to the $G$-coloured peak Hopf algebra are central objects.
description: 26 pages latex2e
MIGRATION DURCH EU-INTEGRATION? FOLGEN FÜR DEN LÄNDLICHEN RAUM
Creators: name: Poganietz, Witold-Roger
name: Glauch, Lydia
name: Poganietz, Witold-Roger
name: Glauch, Lydia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: The collapse of the planned economies in Central and Eastern Europe at the beginning of this decade and the opening up of the national economies led to considerable migration flows into Western Europe. The description of earlier migration flows from Central and Eastern Europe and reasons of migration provide the basis for assessing the extent of migration to be expected after an EU-accession of individual Central and Eastern European countries. Since economic motives can be assumed to be dominant, the income development differing between Western and Eastern Europe is central to this prognosis. Rather than the destination region, the region of origin, in particular rural areas, are focused on with respect to the economic effects of migration. The developments are illustrated with the example of Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic.
Causal Understanding of Fake News Dissemination on Social Media
Creators: name: Cheng, Lu
name: Guo, Ruocheng
name: Shu, Kai
name: Liu, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress towards computational fake news detection. To mitigate its negative impact, we argue that it is critical to understand what user attributes potentially cause users to share fake news. The key to this causal-inference problem is to identify confounders -- variables that cause spurious associations between treatments (e.g., user attributes) and outcome (e.g., user susceptibility). In fake news dissemination, confounders can be characterized by fake news sharing behavior that inherently relates to user attributes and online activities. Learning such user behavior is typically subject to selection bias in users who are susceptible to share news on social media. Drawing on causal inference theories, we first propose a principled approach to alleviating selection bias in fake news dissemination. We then consider the learned unbiased fake news sharing behavior as the surrogate confounder that can fully capture the causal links between user attributes and user susceptibility. We theoretically and empirically characterize the effectiveness of the proposed approach and find that it could be useful in protecting society from the perils of fake news.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
title: Steroid resistance and concomitant respiratory infections
title: a challenging battle in pulmonary clinic
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dua, Kamal
name: Hansbro, Nicole G.
name: Hansbro, Philip M.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 610

description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
What can we learn from the conformal noninvariance of the Klein-Gordon equation?
Creators: name: Hammad, F.
name: Sadeghi, P.
name: Fleury, N.
name: Leblanc, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the Klein-Gordon equation in curved spacetime is conformally noninvariant, both with and without a mass term. We show that such a noninvariance provides nontrivial physical insights at different levels, first within the fully relativistic regime, then in the nonrelativistic regime leading to the Schrödinger equation, and then within the de Broglie-Bohm causal interpretation of quantum mechanics. The conformal noninvariance of the Klein-Gordon equation coupled to a vector potential is confronted with the conformal invariance of Maxwell's equations in the presence of a charged current. The conformal invariance of the non-minimally coupled Klein-Gordon equation to gravity is then examined in light of the conformal invariance of Maxwell's equations. Finally, the consequence of the noninvariance of the equation on the Aharonov-Bohm effect in curved spacetime is discussed.
description: Length reduced, typos corrected, references added, main results emphasized. Accepted in IJMPA
Milchproduktion und -verarbeitung in Weissrussland: Eine Analyse der Wettbewerbsfahigkeit
Creators: name: Lajtos, Ildiko
name: Ramanovich, Mikhail
name: Lajtos, Ildiko
name: Ramanovich, Mikhail
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Seit dem Beginn des Transformationsprozesses ist in Weissrussland eine stetige Reduktion der Milcherzeugung und Herstellung von Milchprodukten zu beobachten. Der Transformations-prozess fuhrte zu verschiedenen Friktionen in der gesamten weissrussischen Agrar- und Ernahrungswirtschaft. Aufgrund der Bedeutung des Milchsektors stellt die Erhohung seiner Wettbewerbfahigkeit ein ubergeordnetes Ziel der weissrussischen Agrarpolitik dar. Dies soll insbesondere durch eine Verbesserung der Anpassungsfahigkeit der Unternehmen an das sich andernde okonomische und institutionelle Umfeld erreicht werden, damit Effizienzsteige-rungen mittel- und langfristig zu einem wettbewerbsfahigen Molkereisektor fuhren. Im Rahmen dieses Discussion Papers wird eine Analyse der Wettbewerbsfahigkeit der weissrussischen Milchwirtschaft vorgenommen. Die Analyse wurde mit dem Ziel durch-gefuhrt, die Merkmale der Wettbewerbsvorteile und -nachteile zu identifizieren und mogliche Empfehlungen fur eine Verbesserung der Wettbewerbsfahigkeit zu erarbeiten. Es wurden folgende Wettbewerbsvorteile Weissrusslands in der Milchwirtschaft definiert: grosser Anteil an landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben, hohe Pro-Kopf-Milcherzeugung, grosser Anlieferungsanteil. Als Nachteile werden staatliche Regulierung, Unrentabilitat der Milch-erzeugung und niedriges Modernisierungs- und Investitionsniveau genannt.
Odd-primary homotopy exponents of compact simple Lie groups
Creators: name: Davis, Donald M
name: Theriault, Stephen D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55Q52, 57T20

description: We note that a recent result of the second author yields upper bounds for odd-primary homotopy exponents of compact simple Lie groups which are often quite close to the lower bounds obtained from v_1-periodic homotopy theory.
description: This is the version published by Geometry & Topology Monographs on 22 February 2008
INTERREGIONALE DISPARITATEN UND ENTWICKLUNG LANDLICHER RAUME ALS REGIONALPOLITISCHE HERAUSFORDERUNG FUR DIE NEUEN EU-MITGLIEDSSTAATEN
Creators: name: Baum, Sabine
name: Weingarten, Peter
name: Baum, Sabine
name: Weingarten, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Regional disparities
subject: rural area
subject: regional policy
subject: structural policy
subject: Central and Eastern Europe
subject: EU Eastern Enlargement
subject: regional types

description: ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Seit Beginn der Transformation haben in den Ländern Mittel- und Osteuropas (MOEL) die interregionalen Disparitäten zugenommen. Insbesondere die Stadt-Land-Gegensätze haben sich verstärkt. Dieser Beitrag zeigt die Entwicklung der Disparitäten auf und diskutiert auf der Basis theoretischer Überlegungen und politischer Ziele die Notwendigkeit und Ausgestaltung regionalpolitischer Maßnahmen. Bei der ländlichen Entwicklung in den neuen EU-Mitglied-staaten kommt den Bereichen Institutionenaufbau, Wettbewerbsfähigkeit des Agrarsektors, außer-landwirtschaftliche Einkommensquellen und Arbeitsmobilität eine große Bedeutung zu. Diese Maßnahmen sollten den spezifischen Charakteristika der jeweiligen Gebiete angepasst sein. Die regionalpolitischen Bemühungen in diesen Ländern sind seit Ende der 1990er Jahre stark von der Vorbereitung auf den EU-Beitritt geprägt. Das SAPARD-Programm hat die institutionellen Mechanismen und den Kapazitätenaufbau gestärkt. Dennoch bleibt dieser Bereich eine wichtige Herausforderung. Schlüsselwörter: Regionale Disparitäten, ländlicher Raum, Regionalpolitik, Strukturpolitik, Mittel- und Osteuropa, EU-Osterweiterung, Regionstypen INTERREGIONAL DISPARITIES AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT AS CHALLENGES FOR REGIONAL POLICY IN THE NEW EU MEMBER STATES Since the beginning of transition, interregional disparities in the Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) have increased. Particularly, the differences between urban and rural areas have grown. This paper shows the development of these disparities and discusses, based on theoretical considerations and political objectives, the need for and the design of regional policy measures. For rural development in the new EU Member States, institution building, competitiveness of the agri-food sector, non-farm income sources and labour mobility are crucial. These measures should be adapted to the specific characteristics of the respective areas. Since the end of the 1990's, the efforts of regional policy in the CEECs have been highly influenced by the preparation for EU-accession. The SAPARD programme has strengthened institutional mechanisms and capacity building. Nevertheless, there remain important challenges in this field.
Accelerating self-gravitating hydrodynamics simulations with adaptive force updates
Creators: name: Grudić, Michael Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many astrophysical hydrodynamics simulations must account for gravity, and evaluating the gravitational field at the positions of all resolution elements can incur significant cost. Typical algorithms update the gravitational field at the position of each resolution element every time the element is updated hydrodynamically, but the actual required update frequencies for hydrodynamics and gravity can be different in general. We show that the gravity calculation in hydrodynamics simulations can be optimised by only updating gravity on a timescale dictated by the already-determined maximum timestep for accurate gravity integration $Δt_{\rm grav}$, while staying well within the typical error budget of hydro schemes and gravity solvers. Our implementation in the GIZMO code uses the tidal timescale introduced in Grudić & Hopkins 2020 to determine $Δt_{\rm grav}$ and the force update frequency in turn, and uses the jerk evaluated by the gravity solver to construct a predictor of the acceleration for use between updates. We test the scheme on standard self-gravitating hydrodynamics test problems, finding solutions very close to the naïve scheme while evaluating far fewer gravity forces, optimising the simulations. We also demonstrate a $\sim 70\%$ speedup in a STARFORGE MHD GMC simulation, with larger gains likely in higher-resolution runs. In general, this scheme introduces a new tunable parameter for obtaining an optimal compromise between accuracy and computational cost, in conjunction with e.g. time-step tolerance, numerical resolution, and gravity solver tolerance.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Resubmitted to MNRAS with revisions, including new merging polytropes test in 3.2
The quantum adiabatic search with decoherence in the instantaneous energy eigenbasis
Creators: name: Åberg, Johan
name: Kult, David
name: Sjöqvist, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Phys. Rev. A {\bf 71}, 060312(R) (2005) the robustness of the local adiabatic quantum search to decoherence in the instantaneous eigenbasis of the search Hamiltonian was examined. We expand this analysis to include the case of the global adiabatic quantum search. As in the case of the local search the asymptotic time complexity for the global search is the same as for the ideal closed case, as long as the Hamiltonian dynamics is present. In the case of pure decoherence, where the environment monitors the search Hamiltonian, we find that the time complexity of the global quantum adiabatic search scales like $N^{3/2}$, where $N$ is the list length. We moreover extend the analysis to include success probabilities $p<1$ and prove bounds on the run time with the same scaling as in the conditions for the $p\to 1$ limit. We supplement the analytical results by numerical simulations of the global and local search.
description: Material added, journal reference added
Iron Needles in Supernova Remnants?
Creators: name: Gomez, H L
name: Dunne, L
name: Eales, S
name: Gomez, E
name: Edmunds, M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested by Dwek (2004) that iron needles could explain the submillimetre emission from the Cas A supernova remnant (SNR) with only a very small total mass. We investigate whether a similar model holds for the Kepler supernova remnant, and find that its emission could indeed be explained by a dust mass of less than 10^-2 M_sun dependent on the axial ratio (l/a) of the needles - which we constrain to be less than 700. But the implied needle model for Kepler is inconsistent with that suggested for Cas A since either the needles would have to have a resistivity one or two orders of magnitude greater than those in Cas A or the electron density in Kepler's shocked plasma must be 40 times greater than suggested by X-ray observations. An additional problem with the needle model is that the implied thickness of the needles seems to be implausibly small, if the emission properties are calculated under the usual approximations.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, accepted to MNRAS, replacement due to updated references
Breit, Herbert, Höhne, Wolfang: Die provozierte Kirche
Creators: name: De Vries, C. Michael
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 18 Nr. 3 (1969): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 18, Heft 3
Quantifying Entanglement with Coherence
Creators: name: Pathania, Neha
name: Qureshi, Tabish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantifying entanglement is a work in progress which is important for the active field of quantum information and computation. A measure of bipartite pure state entanglement is proposed here, named entanglement coherence, which is essentially the normalized coherence of the entangled state in its Schmidt basis. Its value is 1 for maximally entangled states, and 0 for separable states, irrespective of the dimensionality of the Hilbert space. So a maximally entangled state is also the one which is maximally coherent in its Schmidt basis. Quantum entanglement and quantum coherence are thus intimately connected. Entanglement coherence turns out to be closely related to the unified entropy of the reduced state of one of the subsystems. Additionally it is shown that the entanglement coherence is closely connected to the Wigner-Yanase skew information of the reduced density operator of one of the subsystems, in an interesting way.
description: Thoroughly revised and expanded. To appear in IJTP
X-ray studies of the phases and phase transitions of liquid crystals
Creators: name: Clegg, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a short review of recent x-ray diffraction studies of the phases and phase transitions of thermotropic liquid crystals. The areas covered are twist-grain-boundary phases, antiferroelectric phases studied with resonant x-ray diffraction, and smectic phases within gel structures. In all areas x-ray diffraction has played a key role. Nonetheless open questions remain: the nature of the smectic-C variant of the twist-grain-boundary phase, the origin of antiferroelectric phases, and whether novel Bragg glass states exist for smectic-A gel samples.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
EIGENTUMSVERHÄLTNISSE, RENTABILITÄT UND SCHULDEN LANDWIRTSCHAFTLICHER GROßBETRIEBE IM GEBIET WOLGOGRAD
Creators: name: Schulze, Eberhard
name: Tillack, Peter
name: Gerasin, Sergej
name: Schulze, Eberhard
name: Tillack, Peter
name: Gerasin, Sergej
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Farm Management
subject: large-scale farms
subject: land ownership
subject: vote mode
subject: profitability
subject: debts

description: Discussion Paper 32 contains information on property relations and profitability of 100 Russian large-scale farm enterprises, gathered in interviews in the Volgograd region in 2000. They are an integrated part of research activities concerning the privatisation and restructuring of farm enterprises in Central and Eastern Europe and take up the subject of Discussion Paper 18. 31 questions were formulated. The answers were evaluated using multivariate statistical methods. Comprehensive knowledge was obtained about number and size of land and capital shares, voting mode, indebtedness, cost of social security contributions for the employees and of the support for household plots and ensuing consequences for the profitability of enterprises. Within a farm, land shares are principally of the same size varying between 2.6 and 48.5 hectares. Farm workers hold 53.0 % of the land shares and 53.3 % of the capital. In 14 out of 23 corporations the voting mode was not in agreement with the legal rules. A significant nonlinear relationship between acreage and profitability could be confirmed. Compared with medium-sized farms, the profitability was higher in some very large (>20 thousand ha) and also in relatively small farms (approx. 4 thousand ha). In case of the latter it was to be checked up whether and which way restructuring would be feasible in order to raise the profitability level. The average cost efficiency of large-scale farms as used in Russia for reporting on profitability was 3.4 % in 1999. If the costs of social security contributions by the farms for the workers, support for family farms and sometimes unusually high depreciation rates are neglected, the average cost efficiency is clearly higher (25.5 %). 15 farms out of 59 believe that they are able to settle the debt problem under their own steam; 9 hope for contributions by the government, and 35 expect a full assumption of their debts by the state.
Real-time observation of Cooper pair splitting showing strong non-local correlations
Creators: name: Ranni, Antti
name: Brange, Fredrik
name: Mannila, Elsa T.
name: Flindt, Christian
name: Maisi, Ville F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlled generation and detection of quantum entanglement between spatially separated particles constitute an essential prerequisite both for testing the foundations of quantum mechanics and for realizing future quantum technologies. Splitting of Cooper pairs from a superconductor provides entangled electrons at separate locations. However, experimentally accessing the individual split Cooper pairs constitutes a major unresolved issue as they mix together with electrons from competing processes. Here, we overcome this challenge with the first real-time observation of the splitting of individual Cooper pairs, enabling direct access to the time-resolved statistics of Cooper pair splitting. We determine the correlation statistics arising from two-electron processes and find a pronounced peak that is two orders of magnitude larger than the background. Our experiment thereby allows to unambiguously pinpoint and select split Cooper pairs with 99 % fidelity. These results open up an avenue for performing experiments that tap into the spin-entanglement of split Cooper pairs.
VERMINDERN TRANSFERZAHLUNGEN DEN KONFLIKT ZWISCHEN GEWINNERN UND VERLIERERN IN EINER SICH TRANSFORMIERENDEN VOLKSWIRTSCHAFT?
Creators: name: Poganietz, Witold-Roger
name: Poganietz, Witold-Roger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Political Economy

description: This paper discusses whether compensation payments in a transition economy can contribute to a reduction of the conflict between winners and losers of the transformation. The political relevancy of this issue is obvious. The failure of both parties to realize their political objectives due to a lack of power, they will obstruct each other, restraining the transformation process. The analysis is based on an overlapping generation model following DIAMOND, which was extended by technical progress relevant for productivity and improvement of the product quality. Hence, whether the aim of the compensatory payments will be achieved or not, depends on their financing and on the reference point of the household in assessing the effects of transfer payments. Older households, i.e. potential losers, will prefer generally a way of financing the payments which are for the younger generation, as the potential winners, disadvantageous.
Self-cooling cryogenic microcalorimeters made of SINIS junctions
Creators: name: Furlan, Miha
name: Kirk, Eugenie
name: Zehnder, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High quality low leakage SINIS devices made of Al-AlMn-Al layers were fabricated for energy dispersive single photon detection. Information on different heat flow channels was extracted from the measured dynamics of detector signals due to X-ray events. At the optimum operation point, the extracted effective electron temperature decreased from 88 mK down to 43 mK due to self-cooling, roughly doubling the detector sensitivity.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Mesoscopic continuous and discrete channels for quantum information transfer
Creators: name: de Pasquale, F.
name: Giorgi, G.
name: Paganelli, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of realizing perfect quantum state transfer in mesoscopic devices. We discuss the case of the Fano-Anderson model extended to two impurities. For a channel with an infinite number of degrees of freedom, we obtain coherent behavior in the case of strong coupling or in weak coupling off-resonance. For a finite number of degrees of freedom, coherent behavior is associated to weak coupling and resonance conditions.
Discovery of a very extended X-ray halo around a quiescent spiral galaxy - the "missing link" of galaxy formation
Creators: name: Pedersen, Kristian
name: Rasmussen, Jesper
name: Sommer-Larsen, Jesper
name: Toft, Sune
name: Benson, Andrew J.
name: Bower, Richard G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot gaseous haloes surrounding galaxies and extending well beyond the distribution of stars are a ubiquitous prediction of galaxy formation scenarios. The haloes are believed to consist of gravitationally trapped gas with a temperature of millions of Kelvin. The existence of such hot haloes around massive elliptical galaxies has been established through their X-ray emission. While gas out-flowing from starburst spiral galaxies has been detected, searches for hot haloes around normal, quiescent spiral galaxies have so far failed, casting doubts on the fundamental physics in galaxy formation models. Here we present the first detection of a hot, large-scale gaseous halo surrounding a normal, quiescent spiral galaxy, NGC 5746, alleviating a long-standing problem for galaxy formation models. In contrast to starburst galaxies, where the X-ray halo can be powered by the supernova energy, there is no such power source in NGC 5746. The only compelling explanation is that we are here witnessing a galaxy forming from gradually in-flowing hot and dilute halo gas.
description: New Astronomy, in press