cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
STEEL AND BASALT FIBER COMPARISON IN THE FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE
Creators: name: Gubran, Saad Musaed Musaed
name: Almsajdi Sami Abdullah Abdullah Saleh
name: Nankya Hilda
name: Abdulwahed Baleegh Mohammed Hazaa
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2021
Subjects: БАЗАЛЬТОВОЕ ВОЛОКНО
СТАЛЬНОЕ ВОЛОКНО
ПРОЧНОСТЬ НА ИЗГИБ
АРМИРОВАННЫЙ ФИБРОБЕТОН
АРМИРОВАННЫЙ ВОЛОКНАМИ
BASALT FIBER
STEEL FIBER
FLEXURAL STRENGTH
FRC-FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

description: Plain conventional concrete structural elements are known for their brittleness. This brittleness causes the weakness and failure suffered by these elements. The plain concrete normally contains numerous micro cracksand under sustained loading conditions, it fails in tension. To solve these problems, this paper investigated the effect of dispersed chopped steel and basalt fiber in conventional concrete rectangular prisms. The main objective of this research paper was to determine the flexural strength of basalt fiber and steel fiber reinforced concrete specimens for different fiber dosages and compare the flexural strengths of the two types of fiber reinforced concrete with those of control (plain) concrete. The fiber dosages chosen for the study were 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% of total volume of concrete. Four sets of concrete mixtures were used of which each set produced 9 rectangular prisms which were tested for flexure on day 7, day 14 and day 28 per 3 rectangular prisms. The experimental results showed that addition of chopped fiber increased the flexural strength of the concrete prism. 1.5% fiber gave the best flexural strength in both basalt fiber reinforced concrete and steel fiber reinforced concrete. Basalt fiber reinforced concrete showed more plasticity with lesser cracks than steel fiber reinforced concrete.
ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG USE AND VETERINARY COSTS IN U.S. LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION
Creators: name: Mathews, Kenneth H.
name: Mathews, Kenneth H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Antimicrobial drugs
subject: pathogens
subject: growth promotion
subject: feed efficiency
subject: therapeutic drug use
subject: subtherapeutic drug use
subject: subclinical

description: Antimicrobial drugs are fed to animals at low levels to treat diseases, to promote growth, and to increase feed efficiency. Incorporating low levels of antimicrobial drugs in livestock feeds has been shown to be a factor stimulating the development of antimicrobial drug resistant bacteria in livestock. Since many of the drugs used to treat livestock are the same as or are related to drugs used in human health care, there is concern that resistant organisms may pass from animals to humans through the handling of animals or food derived from animals. The movement of pathogens from animals to humans, and vice versa, has been documented, but the extent to which it has occurred or could occur is unknown. Although it is estimated that as little as 10 percent of the problems of drug-resistant pathogens in humans originate in livestock health care practices, there is currently considerable debate about the frequency and costs of human disease outbreaks resulting from animals infected with drug-resistant pathogens. Several European countries have banned the growth-promoting use of antimicrobial drugs in livestock production as a precautionary measure to prevent resistant organisms from passing from animals to humans. This report presents preliminary estimates suggesting that discontinuing the use of antimicrobial drugs in hog production would initially decrease feed efficiency, raise feed costs, reduce production, and raise prices to consumers. Longer term effects were not examined.
Time keeping and searching for new physics using metastable states of Cu, Ag and Au
Creators: name: Dzuba, V. A.
name: Allehabi, Saleh O.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Li, Jiguang
name: Schiller, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the prospects of using the electric quadrupole transitions from the ground states of Cu, Ag and Au to the metastable state $^2{\rm D}_{5/2}$ as clock transitions in optical lattice clocks. We calculate lifetimes, transition rates, systematic shifts, and demonstrate that the fractional uncertainty of the clocks can be similar to what is achieved in the best current optical clocks. The use of these proposed clocks for the search of new physics, such as time variation of the fine structure constant, search for low-mass scalar dark matter, violation of Local Position Invariance and violation of Lorenz Invariance is discussed.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
A minimal model for chaotic shear banding in shear-thickening fluids
Creators: name: Aradian, A.
name: Cates, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a minimal model for spatiotemporal oscillation and rheochaos in shear-thickening complex fluids at zero Reynolds number. In the model, a tendency towards inhomogeneous flows in the form of shear bands combines with a slow structural dynamics, modelled by delayed stress relaxation. Using Fourier-space numerics, we study the nonequilibrium `phase diagram' of the fluid as a function of a steady mean (spatially averaged) stress, and of the relaxation time for structural relaxation. We find several distinct regions of periodic behavior (oscillating bands, travelling bands, and more complex oscillations) and also regions of spatiotemporal rheochaos. A low-dimensional truncation of the model retains the important physical features of the full model (including rheochaos) despite the suppression of sharply defined interfaces between shear bands. Our model maps onto the FitzHugh-Nagumo model for neural network dynamics, with an unusual form of long-range coupling.
description: Revised version (in particular, new section III.E. and Appendix A)
Economic Implications of the Methyl Bromide Phaseout
Creators: name: Osteen, Craig D.
name: Osteen, Craig D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The pesticide methyl bromide is being phased out internationally under the Montreal Protocol. Methyl bromide has been used for over 50 years to control insect, nematodes, pathogens, and weeds. It is used for soil fumigation before planting many fruits, vegetables, ornamentals, and agricultural nurseries; for post-harvest fumigation of commodities in storage and prior to shipment; and for government-required quarantine treatment to prevent the spread of regulated exotic pests. Many U.S. users are concerned that existing alternatives to methyl bromide will be less effective and cause financial losses. To help mitigate the impacts of the phaseout, USDA, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), universities, and private firms are working to develop new alternatives and make them available to methyl bromide users.
title: GFS-Powered Machine Learning Weather Prediction: A Comparative Study on Training GraphCast with NOAA’s GDAS Data for Global Weather Forecasts
Creators: name: SADEGHI TABAS, SADEGH
name: Wang, Jun
name: Li, Wei
name: Row, Mallory
name: Zhang, Zhan
name: Zhu, Lin
name: Li, Wei
name: Carley, Jacob
Publisher: name: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00ndyev54
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Office note (National Centers for Environmental Prediction (U.S.)) ; 521
description: Our study represents the efforts to advance the state-of-the-art by devising a methodology for parallel training of GraphCast using Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) data obtained from NCEP’s current operational Global Forecast System (GFS version 16). GDAS provides real-time initial conditions to make the experimental real-time MLWP global forecasts possible. Our study includes a framework that includes model training, validation, and testing processes, along with a performance comparison of GraphCast. In addition to this comparative analysis, we examine the benefits and drawbacks of GraphCast's forecasting ability using GDAS data and suggest possible ways to improve subsequent iterations of this research.
Additional file 2 of Completion of draft bacterial genomes by long-read sequencing of synthetic genomic pools
Creators: name: Derakhshani, Hooman
name: Bernier, Steve P.
name: Marko, Victoria A.
name: Surette, Michael G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Comparison of the cost of PacBio SMRT library preparation between standard multiplexing approach and SGP
Towards Feynman rules for conformal blocks
Creators: name: Hoback, Sarah
name: Parikh, Sarthak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conjecture a simple set of "Feynman rules" for constructing $n$-point global conformal blocks in any channel in $d$ spacetime dimensions, for external and exchanged scalar operators for arbitrary $n$ and $d$. The vertex factors are given in terms of Lauricella hypergeometric functions of one, two or three variables, and the Feynman rules furnish an explicit power-series expansion in powers of cross-ratios. These rules are conjectured based on previously known results in the literature, which include four-, five- and six-point examples as well as the $n$-point comb channel blocks. We prove these rules for all previously known cases, as well as for a seven-point block in a new topology and the even-point blocks in the "OPE channel." The proof relies on holographic methods, notably the Feynman rules for Mellin amplitudes of tree-level AdS diagrams in a scalar effective field theory, and is easily applicable to any particular choice of a conformal block.
description: 59 pages + appendices, several figures
Colonomyia freemani Amorim & Rindali 2007
Creators: name: Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes
name: Amaral, Edna Maria
name: Lamas, Carlos José Einicker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Rangomaramidae
Colonomyia
Colonomyia freemani

description: Colonomyia freemani Amorim & Rindalı 2007
 (Fig. 3)
Amorim & Rindalı 2007: 16 (original description)ı figs. 22 (head)ı 23‑24 (wing)ı 25 (thorax)ı 26 (male terminalia)ı 27 (female terminalia). Ref. – Amorim & Falaschiı 2012: 21 (catalogue).
 Type locality: Chileı Dalcahueı I. Chiloé. Distr. – Neotropical: Chile (Dalcahue). Holotype ♂ ı MZUSP.
 Holotype ♂ with labels (Fig. 3): (1) printed on white paper: “ Dalcahueı I. Chiloé | Chile | IV.‑1968 | L.E. Peña [Luís Cláudio Peña] col.”; (2) printed on white paper: “ MZ 004522 ”; (3) printed with handwritten inscriptions on red paper: “ Colonomyia | freemani | Amorim & Rindal | Holotype ”.
 Condition of holotype: On slideı right antenna broken. Missing parts: None.
 Paratype ♀ with labels: (1) printed on white paper: “ Dalcahueı I. Chiloé | Chile | IV‑1968 | L.E. Peña [Luís Cláudio Peña] col.”; (2) printed on white paper: “ MZ 004523 ”; (3) printed with handwritten inscriptions on yellow paper: “ Paratype | Colonomyia | freemani | D.S. Amorim det. | 2007 ”.
 Condition of paratype: On slide. Missing parts: None.
 3 Paratypes ♀ with the same labels aboveı except: (2) printed on white paper:“ ♀ ”; (4) printed with handwritten inscriptions on yellow paper:“ MZ 004523 ”.
 Condition of paratypes: All pinned.Missing parts: None.
 8 Paratypes ♂ with the same labels aboveı except: (2) printed on white paper:“ ♂ ”.
 Condition of paratypes: All pinned.Missing parts: None.
 4 Paratypes ♂ and 1 Paratype ♀ with the same labels aboveı except: (1) printed on white paper: “Dalcahueı I. Chiloé | Chile | I‑1962 | L.E. Peña [Luís Cláudio Peña] col.”.
 Condition of paratypes: All pinnedı one very damaged. Missing parts: damaged exemplar without antennaeı right wingı abdomenı left legs and fore and mid right legs.
 Paratype ♂ with the same labels aboveı except: (1) printed on white paper: “Dalcahueı I. Chiloé | Chile | II‑1967 | L.E. Peña [Luís Cláudio Peña] col.”.
 Condition of paratype: Pinned. Missing parts: None.
description: Published as part of Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes, Amaral, Edna Maria & Lamas, Carlos José Einicker, 2020, Catalogue of Rangomaramidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) types housed in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Pauloı Brazil, pp. 1-4 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 on pages 3-4, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.15, http://zenodo.org/record/3875182
Additional file 1 of Completion of draft bacterial genomes by long-read sequencing of synthetic genomic pools
Creators: name: Derakhshani, Hooman
name: Bernier, Steve P.
name: Marko, Victoria A.
name: Surette, Michael G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Genomic distances of selected human gut isolates. Mash (v.2.1.1) was used for measuring the genimic distances of all isolates and b uilding the distance matrix. The scale bar depicts a Mash distance of 1.0 (A MASH distance of 0.05 corresponds to ~ANI of 95%, or ~ 70% DNA-DNA reassociation, a historical approximation for bacterial species definition [Ondov et al. 2016]”.
Intersection of black hole theory and quantum chromodynamics: the gluon propagator corresponding to linear confinement at large distances and relativistic bound states in the confining SU(N)-Yang-Mills fields
Creators: name: Goncharov, Yu. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact nonperturbative confining solutions of the SU(3)-Yang-Mills equations recently obtained by author in Minkowski spacetime with the help of the black hole theory techniques are analysed and on the basis of them the gluon propagator corresponding to linear confinement at large distances (small momenta) is constructed in a nonperturbative way. At small distances (large momenta) the resulting propagator passes on to the standard (nonperturbative) gluon propagator used in the perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The results suggest some scenario of linear confinement for mesons and quarkonia which is also outlined. As a consequence there arises a motivation for studying the relativistic bound states in the above confining SU($N$)-Yang-Mills fields. This possiblity is realized for $N=2,3,4$ with the aid of the black hole theory results about spinor fields on black holes with a subsequent application to the charmonium spectrum in the most important physical case N=3. Incidentally uniqueness of the confining solutions is discussed and a comparison with the nonrelativistic potential approach is given.
description: 56 pages, LaTeX
U.S. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption: Who, What, Where, and How Much
Creators: name: Lin, Biing-Hwan
name: Reed, Jane
name: Lucier, Gary
name: Lin, Biing-Hwan
name: Reed, Jane
name: Lucier, Gary
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: For good health, USDA urges American consumers to eat more fruits and vegetables-5 to 9 servings per day-and to choose a healthier, more varied mix of these foods. The variety of produce available to Americans has blossomed in recent years, but are consumers responding? The first step in determining this is to ask who eats what, where, and how much. Since 2000, ERS has been analyzing data from national USDA food consumption surveys, and we are ready to share some highlights.
Agreements between Enterprises digitized by Smart Contracts in the Domain of Industry 4.0
Creators: name: Wallis, Kevin
name: Stodt, Jan
name: Jastremskoj, Eugen
name: Reich, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The digital transformation of companies is expected to increase the digital interconnection between different companies to develop optimized, customized, hybrid business models. These cross-company business models require secure, reliable, and traceable logging and monitoring of contractually agreed information sharing between machine tools, operators, and service providers. This paper discusses how the major requirements for building hybrid business models can be tackled by the blockchain for building a chain of trust and smart contracts for digitized contracts. A machine maintenance use case is used to discuss the readiness of smart contracts for the automation of workflows defined in contracts. Furthermore, it is shown that the number of failures is significantly improved by using these contracts and a blockchain.
description: CCSEA, BIoT, DKMP, CLOUD, NLCAI, SIPRO - 2020 pp. 23-32, 2020. CS & IT - CSCP 2020
A Commentary on the Unsupervised Learning of Disentangled Representations
Creators: name: Locatello, Francesco
name: Bauer, Stefan
name: Lucic, Mario
name: Rätsch, Gunnar
name: Gelly, Sylvain
name: Schölkopf, Bernhard
name: Bachem, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The goal of the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations is to separate the independent explanatory factors of variation in the data without access to supervision. In this paper, we summarize the results of Locatello et al., 2019, and focus on their implications for practitioners. We discuss the theoretical result showing that the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations is fundamentally impossible without inductive biases and the practical challenges it entails. Finally, we comment on our experimental findings, highlighting the limitations of state-of-the-art approaches and directions for future research.
Stability of Horava-Witten Spacetimes
Creators: name: Lehners, J. -L.
name: Smyth, P.
name: Stelle, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Horava-Witten spacetimes necessarily include two branes of opposite tension. If these branes are BPS we are led to a puzzle: a negative tension brane should be unstable as it can loose energy by expanding, whereas a BPS brane should be stable as it resides at a minimum of the energy. We provide a detailed analysis of the energy of such braneworld spacetimes in 5 dimensions. This allows us to show by a non-perturbative positive energy theorem that Horava-Witten spacetimes are stable, essentially because the dynamics of the branes is entirely accounted for by the behaviour of the bulk fields. We also perform an ADM perturbative Hamiltonian analysis at quadratic order in order to illustrate the stability properties more explicitly.
description: 21 pages, plain Latex. Updated references and improved discussion of energy conservation in section 3
STRUCTURE OF THE GLOBAL MARKETS FOR MEAT
Creators: name: Dyck, John H.
name: Nelson, Kenneth E.
name: Dyck, John H.
name: Nelson, Kenneth E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Meat trade
subject: competitiveness
subject: trade policy
subject: sanitary barriers
subject: consumer preferences
subject: industrial structure

description: Meat trade flows among countries and world regions are determined largely by differences among countries in their resource base, their preferences for meat types and cuts, the extent and character of barriers to trade, and the industry structure. Future growth of meat trade depends on further liberalization of protectionist barriers, eradication of animal diseases, economic development, and population growth. Trade growth is likely to feature greater complexity in trade patterns, with more countries engaging in trade, and with an increased tendency for individual countries to import and export meat cuts and offal from the same animal species.
A K-theory Anomaly Free Supersymmetric Flipped SU(5) Model from Intersecting Branes
Creators: name: Chen, C. -M.
name: Kraniotis, G. V.
name: Mayes, V. E.
name: Nanopoulos, D. V.
name: Walker, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an N=1 supersymmetric three-family flipped SU(5) model from type IIA orientifolds on $T^6/(\Z_2\times \Z_2)$ with D6-branes intersecting at general angles. The model is constrained by the requirement that Ramond-Ramond tadpoles cancel, the supersymmetry conditions, and that the gauge boson coupled to the $U(1)_X$ factor does not get a string-scale mass via a generalised Green-Schwarz mechanism. The model is further constrained by requiring cancellation of K-theory charges. The spectrum contains a complete grand unified and electroweak Higgs sector, however the latter in a non-minimal number of copies. In addition, it contains extra matter both in bi-fundamental and vector-like representations as well as two copies of matter in the symmetric representation of SU(5).
description: 17 Pages, LaTeX
Kelly, Henry Ansgar: The Devil at Baptism
Creators: name: Winkler, Gerhard B.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 71 (1987): Oriens christianus, Band 71
BoXHED: Boosted eXact Hazard Estimator with Dynamic covariates
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaochen
name: Pakbin, Arash
name: Mortazavi, Bobak J.
name: Zhao, Hongyu
name: Lee, Donald K. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The proliferation of medical monitoring devices makes it possible to track health vitals at high frequency, enabling the development of dynamic health risk scores that change with the underlying readings. Survival analysis, in particular hazard estimation, is well-suited to analyzing this stream of data to predict disease onset as a function of the time-varying vitals. This paper introduces the software package BoXHED (pronounced 'box-head') for nonparametrically estimating hazard functions via gradient boosting. BoXHED 1.0 is a novel tree-based implementation of the generic estimator proposed in Lee, Chen, Ishwaran (2017), which was designed for handling time-dependent covariates in a fully nonparametric manner. BoXHED is also the first publicly available software implementation for Lee, Chen, Ishwaran (2017). Applying BoXHED to cardiovascular disease onset data from the Framingham Heart Study reveals novel interaction effects among known risk factors, potentially resolving an open question in clinical literature.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables
Additional file 1 of Plant species richness increases with light availability, but not variability, in temperate forests understorey
Creators: name: Dormann, Carsten F.
name: Bagnara, Maurizio
name: Boch, Steffen
name: Hinderling, Judith
name: Janeiro-Otero, Andrea
name: Schäfer, Deborah
name: Schall, Peter
name: Hartig, Florian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional information and analyses.
POLICY OPTIONS TO STABILIZE FOOD SUPPLIES: A CASE STUDY OF SOUTHERN AFRICA
Creators: name: Trueblood, Michael A.
name: Shapouri, Shahla
name: Henneberry, Shida Rastegari
name: Trueblood, Michael A.
name: Shapouri, Shahla
name: Henneberry, Shida Rastegari
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food security
subject: supply stabilization
subject: food aid
subject: Southern Africa Development Community (SADC)
subject: grain stocks
subject: import insurance

description: For the southern Africa region, both a grain stocking program and an import insurance program would have reduced food supply variability more than historical food aid during 1970-95. The stocking program and the import insurance program would have been less expensive than food aid from a donor point of view. These options may be attractive policy alternatives for donors and countries in other regions, given the decline in food aid budgets in recent years and projections of rising global food gaps.
The Nuclear matter stability in a non-local chiral quark model
Creators: name: Rezaeian, Amir H.
name: Pirner, Hans-Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability of the nuclear matter in a non-local Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. We work out the equation of state in a relativistic Faddeev approach where we take into account the internal structure of nucleon. We show that the binding energy saturates when the nucleon as a composite particle made of quarks is incorporated. After truncation of the two-body channels to the scalar and axial-vector diquarks, a relativistic Faddeev equation for nucleon bound states in medium is solved in the covariant diquark-quark picture. We investigate the nucleon properties in the nuclear medium such as the role of diquarks within the nucleon and the in-medium modification of the nucleon mass and size.
description: 25 pages (RevTeX), 7 figures (eps), references added, new appendix on numerical methods, revised version to be published in Nucl.Phys. A
Propagation control of octahedral tilt in SrRuO3 via artificial heterostructuring
Creators: name: Jeong, Seung Gyo
name: Han, Gyeongtak
name: Song, Sehwan
name: Min, Taewon
name: Mohamed, Ahmed Yousef
name: Park, Sungkyun
name: Lee, Jaekwang
name: Jeong, Hu Young
name: Kim, Young-Min
name: Cho, Deok-Yong
name: Choi, Woo Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bonding geometry engineering of metal-oxygen octahedra is a facile way of tailoring various functional properties of transition metal oxides. Several approaches, including epitaxial strain, thickness, and stoichiometry control, have been proposed to efficiently tune the rotation and tilting of the octahedra, but these approaches are inevitably accompanied by unnecessary structural modifications such as changes in thin-film lattice parameters. In this study, we propose a method to selectively engineer the octahedral bonding geometries, while maintaining other parameters that might implicitly influence the functional properties. A concept of octahedral tilt propagation engineering has been developed using atomically designed SrRuO3/SrTiO3 superlattices. In particular, the propagation of RuO6 octahedral tilting within the SrRuO3 layers having identical thicknesses was systematically controlled by varying the thickness of adjacent SrTiO3 layers. This led to a substantial modification in the electromagnetic properties of the SrRuO3 layer, significantly enhancing the magnetic moment of Ru. Our approach provides a method to selectively manipulate the bonding geometry of strongly correlated oxides, thereby enabling a better understanding and greater controllability of their functional properties.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures, 6 supplementary figures
High temperature membrane bioreactor treating kraft evaporator condensate under steady and transient conditions
Creators: name: Jen, Ruey-Chiu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Research results from Bérubé (2000) have shown that the treatment of kraft evaporator condensate for reuse using a high temperature membrane bioreactor (MBR) is not only technically feasible, but can also be economically attractive. However, dynamics in daily operating conditions at kraft mills would result in non-steady state loadings to such a treatment system. Hence, the influence of transient operating conditions on an MBR system requires investigation before the system could be considered for full-scale plants. Two bench-scale, high temperature MBRs (called RI for Reactor 1 and R2 for Reactor 2) were operated under conditions proposed by Bérubé (2000) to examine system performance under steady state operation. The operating parameters selected were as follows - 38-day sludge retention time (SRT), 9-hr hydraulic retention time (HRT), and evaporator condensate that contained 1,200 mg methanol /L. During the steady state experiment, the MBRs exhibited stable removal of the main contaminants. Removal efficiencies of 95 % for methanol and 64 % for organic components expressed as total organic carbon (TOC) were observed. Observed growth yields as low as 0.037 for RI and 0.025 for R2 were found. Effects of methanol shock loadings, black liquor spills, and pulp mill shutdown on a high temperature MBR treating condensate were the focus of the present research project. The reactors were subjected to four shock loadings to investigate long-term effects, and one shock loading to identify short-term effects. Results showed that the high temperature MBRs were reasonably stable and able to achieve the same removal efficiency when the load was increased by 1.5 and 2 times instantaneously. Overload of methanol was observed during the methanol shock loading test with 2.5 times the regular methanol concentration. However, the system recovered 4 hours after the short-term shock loadings, and two days after the long-term shock loadings. The MBRs started to shown inhibitory effects after the long-term black liquor carryover test with 8 mL black liquor per litre condensate. During the black liquor carryover test with 16 mL black liquor per litre condensate, methanol removal efficiency was greatly decreased and this negatively influenced TOC and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies. However, the system recovered 4 hours after the short-term shock loadings, and two days after the long-term shock loadings. During the tests, the colour of the MBR permeates remained relatively constant while the dissolved solids concentrations of the permeates increased slightly. Methanol, TOC, and COD utilization coefficients decreased during the shutdown period. However, the MBR system recovered along with resumption of loading fairly well. The MBR was capable of handling the 10-day shutdown period and recovered in 4 days to full capacity. No deleterious effects from 10-day shutdown were observed.
Additional file 1 of Socioeconomic status, health-related behaviours, and death among older people: the Concord health and aging in men project prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Khalatbari-Soltani, Saman
name: Blyth, Fiona M.
name: Naganathan, Vasi
name: Handelsman, David J.
name: Couteur, David G. Le
name: Seibel, Markus J.
name: Waite, Louise M.
name: Cvejic, Erin
name: Cumming, Robert G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 Checklist S1. STROBE Statement—Checklist of items that should be included in reports of cohort studies. Table S1. Missing values of health-related behaviours and body mass index in each follow-up. Table S2. Characteristics of the participants included and excluded from the analysis. Table S3. Associations between baseline health behaviours and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, the CHAMP study – ANALYSES STRATIFIED BY AGE GROUP. Table S4. Role of health-related behaviours, used as time-dependent covariates, in explaining the association between cumulative socioeconomic status score and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, the CHAMP study – ANALYSES STRATIFIED BY AGE GROUP. Table S5. Role of health-related behaviours, used as time-dependent covariates, in explaining the association between individual socioeconomic status indicators and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, the CHAMP study. Figure S1. Sample restriction flow chart. Figure S2. Prevalence of unhealthy behaviours at baseline, first, second, and third follow-up as a function of cumulative SES, the CHAMP study. Figure S3. Association of socioeconomic status indicators with all-cause and cause-specific mortality, the CHAMP study - ANALYSES STRATIFIED BY AGE GROUP. Figure S4. Contribution of health behaviours and body mass index, used as time-dependent covariates, in explaining the association between socioeconomic status and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, the CHAMP study-AFTER EXCLUDING PARTICIPANTS WHO DIED IN THE FIRST TWO YEARS OF FOLLOEW-UP. Figure S5. Contribution of health behaviours and body mass index, used as time-dependent covariates, in explaining the association between socioeconomic status and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, the CHAMP study-complete-case analysis.
THE IMPACT OF FOOD PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS ON CONSUMER PURCHASING BEHAVIOR: THE CASE OF FRANKFURTERS
Creators: name: Harris, James Michael
name: Harris, James Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Consumers purchase different foods with differing characteristics. These reasons undoubtedly extend beyond prices to include taste, convenience, and the presence or absence of nutrients. Mandatory food product labeling now provides information on nutrients in food products. However, survey data indicates that consumers value taste more highly than nutrition when they purchase food, at least for some food products. This study employs hedonic price analysis to demonstrate that consumers value taste more than nutrition when they purchase frankfurters.
Additional file 1 of Unmet family planning needs among female refugees and asylum seekers in Germany – is free access to family planning services enough? Results of a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Inci, Melisa Guelhan
name: Kutschke, Nadja
name: Nasser, Sara
name: Alavi, Sara
name: Abels, Ingar
name: Kurmeyer, Christine
name: Jalid Sehouli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire
Multiwavelength monitoring of BD+53 2790, the optical counterpart to 4U~2206+54
Creators: name: Blay, P.
name: Negueruela, I.
name: Reig, P.
name: Coe, M. J.
name: Corbet, R. H. D.
name: Fabregat, J.
name: Tarasov, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of our long-term monitoring of BD+53 2790, the optical counterpart to the X-ray source 4U~2206+54. Unlike previous studies that classify the source as a Be/X-ray binary, we find that its optical and infrared properties differ from those of typical Be stars: the variability of the V/R ratio is not cyclical; there are variations in the shape and strength of the H$α$ emission line on timescales less than 1 day; and no correlation between the EW and the IR magnitudes or colors is seen. Our observations suggest that BD+53 2790 is very likely a peculiar O9.5V star. In spite of exhaustive searches we cannot find any significant modulation in any emission line parameter or optical/infrared magnitudes. Spectroscopy of the source extending from the optical to the K-band confirms the peculiarity of the spectrum: not only are the He lines stronger than expected for an O9.5V star but also there is no clear pattern of variability. The possibility that BD+53 2790 is an early-type analogue to He-strong stars (like theta^1 Ori C) is discussed.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, 6 Tables
Moolan, John: The Period of Annunciation-Nativity in the East Syrian Calendar, Kottayam 1985
Creators: name: Winkler, Gerhard B.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 71 (1987): Oriens christianus, Band 71
SERVING CURRENT AND EMERGING BUSINESS STRATEGIES: SUSTA (SOUTHERN UNITED STATES TRADE ASSOCIATION)
Creators: name: Hansen, Scott
name: Hansen, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Mission Statement: The SUSTA mission is to increase the export of Southern U. S. food and agricultural products in order to enhance the economic well-being of the region.
Additional file 3 of Prevalence of severe Plasmodium knowlesi infection and risk factors related to severe complications compared with non-severe P. knowlesi and severe P. falciparum malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Manas Kotepui
name: Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui
name: Milanez, Giovanni D.
name: Masangkay, Frederick R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Characteristic of severe and non-severe complications of Plasmodium knowlesi.
FINANCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF REFRIGERATED FOOD PRODUCTS TRUCKING FIRMS IN THE U.S.
Creators: name: Quesada, Alina M.
name: Allen, Albert J.
name: Reeves, Jeanne M.
name: Quesada, Alina M.
name: Allen, Albert J.
name: Reeves, Jeanne M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This study provides an overview of the financial characteristics of U. S. refrigerated food products trucking firms as a group and by regions. The analytical tools used for evaluating the financial assessment of the industry were several commonly used liquidity, profitability, and solvency ratios. One of the results reveals that the pre-tax income-to-gross revenue ratio, a measure of profitability, for the firms as a group averaged 0.01. This value means that one-cent of every dollar earned in services ("sales") was available to pay taxes and distribute profits.
Additional file 4 of Prevalence of severe Plasmodium knowlesi infection and risk factors related to severe complications compared with non-severe P. knowlesi and severe P. falciparum malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Manas Kotepui
name: Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui
name: Milanez, Giovanni D.
name: Masangkay, Frederick R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table S3. Characteristic of severe Plasmodium knowlesi and P. falciparum.
Symmetries of 2HDM, different vacua, CP violation and possible relation to a history of time
Creators: name: Ginzburg, I. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The same physical reality in Two Higgs doublet model (2HDM) can be described by different Lagrangians. We call this property the reparametrization invariance (in space of Lagrangians) and study corresponding symmetry group and its subgroup describing rephasing invariance. Next we consider the $Z_2$-symmetry of the Lagrangian, which prevents a $ϕ_1\leftrightarrowϕ_2$ transitions, and the different levels of its violation, soft and hard. We argue that the 2HDM with a soft breaking of $Z_2$-symmetry is a natural model in the description of EWSB. We also consider vacuum structure of the 2HDM. We find very simple condition for a CP violation in the Higgs sector. In the Model II for Yukawa interactions we obtain the set of relations among the couplings to gauge bosons and to fermions which allows one to analyze different physical situations (including CP violation) in terms of these very couplings, instead of the parameters of Lagrangian. We discuss possible interaction of Higgs fields of SM or 2HDM with inflatory Higgs field describing exponential expansion of Universe after Big Bang and possible variation in the scenario of beginning of Time.
description: 15 pages
Data Confidentiality In P2P Communication And Smart Contracts Of Blockchain In Industry 4.0
Creators: name: Stodt, Jan
name: Reich, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Increased collaborative production and dynamic selection of production partners within industry 4.0 manufacturing leads to ever-increasing automatic data exchange between companies. Automatic and unsupervised data exchange creates new attack vectors, which could be used by a malicious insider to leak secrets via an otherwise considered secure channel without anyone noticing. In this paper we reflect upon approaches to prevent the exposure of secret data via blockchain technology, while also providing auditable proof of data exchange. We show that previous blockchain based privacy protection approaches offer protection, but give the control of the data to (potentially not trustworthy) third parties, which also can be considered a privacy violation. The approach taken in this paper is not utilize centralized data storage for data. It realizes data confidentiality of P2P communication and data processing in smart contracts of blockchains.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
STORE POSITIONING AS A COMPETITIVE STRATEGY IN FOOD RETAILING
Creators: name: Langrehr, Frederick W.
name: Robinson, Richard K.
name: Langrehr, Frederick W.
name: Robinson, Richard K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Supermarket executives are facing aggressive price competition from limited selection food outlets. The authors conducted a study to determine competitive responses to these reduced price outlets.
Superfluids in Polymer Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Berra-Montiel, Jasel
name: Castellanos, Elías
name: Molgado, Alberto
name: Trinidad-García, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we analyze the corrections obtained on a homogeneous one-dimensional Bose gas within the high densities limit by means of the polymer quantization scheme. Thus, starting from the Bogoliubov formalism, we analyze the ground expectation value of the polymer momentum operator in terms of semiclassical states, in order to obtain an analytic expression for the ground state energy of the N-body system, which allows us to solve the pathological behavior commonly associated with the one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensation through the introduction of finite size effects characterized by the contribution of the polymer corrections. We also discuss the speed of sound in our polymer version of the Bose gas and the corresponding relative shift induced by the introduction of a minimum length parameter. Finally, by considering the idea that the Bose-Einstein condensation phenomenon is closely related to that of superfluidity, we investigate the emergent superfluid behavior in our polymer model by implementing an appropriate Landau's criterion. In this case, we are able to consequently analyze the changes in the critical velocity which defines the limit between the superfluid-condensate regions, thus deducing that the polymer length acts as a kind of pseudo-potential which induces a dissipationless flow associated with the superfluid phase even in the absence of self-interactions.
description: 14 pages
Shift Symmetry and Inflation in Supergravity
Creators: name: Brax, Philippe
name: Martin, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider models of inflation in supergravity with a shift symmetry. We focus on models with one moduli and one inflaton field. The presence of this symmetry guarantees the existence of a flat direction for the inflaton field. Mildly breaking the shift symmetry using a superpotential which depends not only on the moduli but also on the inflaton field allows one to lift the inflaton flat direction. Along the inflaton direction, the eta-problem is alleviated. Combining the KKLT mechanism for moduli stabilization and a shift symmetry breaking superpotential of the chaotic inflation type, we find models reminiscent of ``mutated hybrid inflation'' where the inflationary trajectory is curved in the moduli--inflaton plane. We analyze the phenomenology of these models and stress their differences with both chaotic and hybrid inflation.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures
Hidden Consequence of Active Local Lorentz Invariance
Creators: name: Rodrigues, W. A.
name: da Rocha, Roldao
name: Vaz, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate a hidden consequence of the hypothesis that Lagrangians and field equations must be invariant under active local Lorentz transformations. We show that this hypothesis implies in an equivalence between spacetime structures with several curvature and torsion possibilities.
description: Some misprints appearing in the published version have been corrected
Additional file 2 of Prevalence of severe Plasmodium knowlesi infection and risk factors related to severe complications compared with non-severe P. knowlesi and severe P. falciparum malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Manas Kotepui
name: Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui
name: Milanez, Giovanni D.
name: Masangkay, Frederick R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Search term.
Abundances from disentangled component spectra: the eclipsing binary V578 Mon
Creators: name: Pavlovski, K.
name: Hensberge, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chemical abundances of the early-B type components of the binary V578 Mon are derived from disentangled component spectra. This is a pilot study showing that, even with moderately high line-broadening, metal abundances can be derived from disentangled spectra with a precision 0.1 dex, relative to sharp-lined single stars of the same spectral type. This binary is well-suited for such an assessment because of its youth as a member of the Rosette Nebula cluster NGC 2244, strengthening the expectation of an unevolved ZAMS chemical composition. The method is of interest to study rotational driven mixing in main-sequence stars, with fundamental stellar parameters known with higher accuracy in (eclipsing) binaries. The paper also includes an evaluation of the bias that might be present in disentangled spectra.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 8 pages, 2 figures