cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
HIDDEN WOMEN: REDISCOVERING THE SINGLEWOMEN OF EARLY MODERN ENGLAND
Creators: name: Froide, Amy
Publisher: name: Local Population Studies Society
Year: 2002

description: Amy Froide attempts to estimate the proportion ofsingle (that is, never-married) women in the adult female populationusing the Marriage Duty assessments. Froide explains that various biasesin the Marriage Duty listings, not to mention some conventions adoptedby historical demographers, mean that, unless the analyst is careful,some adult ‘singlewomen’ will not be identified (mainly because theywill be classified as children). Using data from Southampton, she showsthat single women comprised at least one third of the adult femalepopulation of the city in the 1690s. More generally, a higher proportionof adult women was single, and a lower proportion married, in urbanareas than in the countryside. Indeed, in the towns for which data areavailable, fewer than half of the adult women were married.
Additional file 1 of TRPA1 activation and Hsp90 inhibition synergistically downregulate macrophage activation and inflammatory responses in vitro
Creators: name: Radhakrishnan, Anukrishna
name: Mukherjee, Tathagata
name: Mahish, Chandan
name: Kumar, P Sanjai
name: Goswami, Chandan
name: Chattopadhyay, Subhasis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional File 1: Supplementary/Supporting Informations
Population demographics of golden perch (Macquaria ambigua) in the Darling River prior to a major fish kill: A guide for rehabilitation
Creators: name: Zampatti, BP
name: Fanson, BG
name: Baumgartner, LJ
name: Butler, GL
name: Brooks, SG
name: Crook, David
name: Doyle, K
name: King, Alison
name: Koster, WM
name: Maas, R
name: Sadekov, A
name: Scott, P
name: Strawbridge, A
name: Thiem, JD
name: Tonkin, Z
name: Wilson, PJ
name: Woodhead, J
name: Woods, R
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310304
subject: Freshwater ecology

description: An understanding of population demographics and life history processes is integral to the rehabilitation of fish populations. In Australia's highly modified Murray-Darling Basin, native fish are imperilled and fish deaths in the Darling River in 2018-19 highlighted their vulnerability. Golden perch (Macquaria ambigua) is a long-lived percichthyid that was conspicuous in the fish kills. To guide population rehabilitation in the Darling River, pre-fish kill age structure, provenance and movement of golden perch were explored using otolith microstructure and chemistry (87Sr/86Sr). Across the Lower and Mid-Darling River, recruitment was episodic, with dominant cohorts associated with years characterised by elevated discharge. There was substantial variability in age structure, recruitment source and movement patterns between the Lower and Mid-Darling River. In the Mid-Darling River, tributaries were an important recruitment source, whereas in the Lower Darling fish predominantly originated in the Darling River itself. Downstream movement of juveniles, upstream migration of adults and return movements to natal locations were important drivers of population structure. Restoring resilient golden perch populations in the Darling River will be reliant on mitigating barriers to movement, promoting a connected mosaic of recruitment sources and reinstating the hydrological and hydraulic factors associated with spawning, recruitment and dispersal. Globally, increasing water resource development and climate change will necessitate such integrated approaches to the management of long-lived migratory riverine fishes.
title: 'Let us run in love together' : Master Jordan of Saxony (d. 1237) and participation of women in the religious life of the Order of Preachers
Creators: name: Watts, Steven Edra
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02wn5qz54
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2016

description: In this thesis I argue that Jordan of Saxony (d. 1237), Master of the Order of Preachers, fostered a culture of openness toward the participation of women in the religious life of the Dominican order. This is demonstrated, in part, through the study of the nature of Jordan's support for Diana d'Andalò (d. 1236) and her convent of Sant'Agnese and his presentation of female pastoral care in the Libellus, his history of the order. The argument is also developed by means of a chronologically-informed reading of Jordan's letters, which explores his use of familial language, his employment of the topoi of spiritual friendship, and the significance he attributes to the role of religious women's prayer in the order's evangelical mission. Jordan's friendship with Diana d'Andalò and her convent of Sant'Agnese is well-known, if not necessarily well-explored. It is usually treated as a case apart from the order's increasing hostility to the pastoral care of religious and devout women, which gained momentum over the course of Jordan's tenure. This thesis seeks to break down this compartmentalized view by articulating not only the close parallels between Jordan's perception of friars and nuns within the order, but also the way in which he extended bonds of mutual religious commitment to religious women outside the order. As such, this study also intends to contribute to a growing historiography that explores the various ways in which medieval men and women participated together in religious life.
Additional file 2 of Crystal structure of rice APIP6 reveals a new dimerization mode of RING-type E3 ligases that facilities the construction of its working model
Creators: name: Zheng, Yangyang
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Liu, Yang
name: Zhu, Tongtong
name: Wu, Xuefeng
name: Ning, Yuese
name: Liu, Junfeng
name: Wang, Dongli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Other intermolecular hydrogen interactions in APIP6-RING homodimer. Figure S2. Controls of Y2H assays. Figure S3. Evaluation of the critical residues of APIP6-RING for E2 interaction with LCI assay.
Additional file 2 of Development of a nomogram for the prediction of complicated appendicitis during pregnancy
Creators: name: Zheng, Xiaosong
name: He, Xiaojun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional File 2: The nomogram of ROC
Generating Functions of Switched Linear Systems: Analysis, Computation, and Stability Applications
Creators: name: Hu, Jianghai
name: Shen, Jinglai
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2010
Subjects: Character generation
Computer applications
Convergence
Linear systems
Optimal control
Postal services
stability
Stability analysis
Sufficient conditions
switched systems
Switched systems
Systems engineering and theory

description: In this paper, a unified framework is proposed to study the exponential stability of discrete-time switched linear systems and, more generally, the exponential growth rates of their trajectories under three types of switching rules: arbitrary switching, optimal switching, and random switching. It is shown that the maximum exponential growth rates of system trajectories over all initial states under these three switching rules are completely characterized by the radii of convergence of three suitably defined families of functions called the strong, the weak, and the mean generating functions, respectively. In particular, necessary and sufficient conditions for the exponential stability of the switched linear systems are derived based on these radii of convergence. Various properties of the generating functions are established, and their relations are discussed. Algorithms for computing the generating functions and their radii of convergence are also developed and illustrated through examples.
The cell wall polysaccharides of a photosynthetic relative of apicomplexans, Chromera velia
Creators: name: Tortorelli, G
name: Pettolino, F
name: Lai, DH
name: Tomčala, A
name: Bacic, Tony
name: Oborník, M
name: Lukeš, J
name: McFadden, GI
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 3005
subject: Fisheries sciences
classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3103
subject: Ecology
classificationCode: 3108
subject: Plant biology

description: Chromerids are a group of alveolates, found in corals, that show peculiar morphological and genomic features. These organisms are evolutionary placed in-between symbiotic dinoflagellates and parasitic apicomplexans. There are two known species of chromerids: Chromera velia and Vitrella brassicaformis. Here, the biochemical composition of the C. velia cell wall was analyzed. Several polysaccharides adorn this structure, with glucose being the most abundant monosaccharide (approx. 80%) and predominantly 4-linked (approx. 60%), suggesting that the chromerids cell wall is mostly cellulosic. The presence of cellulose was cytochemically confirmed with calcofluor white staining of the algal cell. The remaining wall polysaccharides, assuming structures are similar to those of higher plants, are indicative of a mixture of galactans, xyloglucans, heteroxylans, and heteromannans. The present work provides, for the first time, insights into the outermost layers of the photosynthetic alveolate C. velia.
Improving Air Mobility for Pre-Disaster Planning with Neural Network Accelerated Genetic Algorithm
Creators: name: Acharya, Kamal
name: Velasquez, Alvaro
name: Liu, Yongxin
name: Liu, Dahai
name: Sun, Liang
name: Song, Houbing
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: UMBC Security and Optimization for Networked Globe Laboratory ?(SONG Lab)
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing

description: Weather disaster related emergency operations pose a great challenge to air mobility in both aircraft and airport operations, especially when the impact is gradually approaching. We propose an optimized framework for adjusting airport operational schedules for such pre-disaster scenarios. We first, aggregate operational data from multiple airports and then determine the optimal count of evacuation flights to maximize the impacted airport's outgoing capacity without impeding regular air traffic. We then propose a novel Neural Network (NN) accelerated Genetic Algorithm(GA) for evacuation planning. Our experiments show that integration yielded comparable results but with smaller computational overhead. We find that the utilization of a NN enhances the efficiency of a GA, facilitating more rapid convergence even when operating with a reduced population size. This effectiveness persists even when the model is trained on data from airports different from those under test.
Multiwavelength Investigation of ?-ray Source MGRO J1908+06 Emission Using Fermi--LAT, VERITAS, and HAWC
Creators: name: Shang, Ruo-Yu
name: Eagle, Jordan
name: Kumar, Sajan
name: De León, S. Coutiño
name: Valverde, J
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena

description: This paper investigates the origin of the ?-ray emission from MGRO J1908+06 in the GeV-TeV energy band. By analyzing the data collected by {\it Fermi}--LAT, VERITAS, and HAWC, with the addition of spectral data previously reported by LHAASO, a multiwavelength (MW) study of the morphological and spectral features of MGRO J1908+06 provides insight into the origin of the ?-ray emission. The mechanism behind the bright TeV emission is studied by constraining the magnetic field strength, the source age, and the distance through detailed broadband modeling. Both spectral shape and energy-dependent morphology support the scenario that inverse-Compton (IC) emission of an evolved pulsar wind nebula (PWN) associated with PSR J1907+0602 is responsible for the MGRO J1908+06 ?-ray emission with a best-fit true age of T=22±9 kyr and a magnetic field of B=5.4±0.8 ?G, assuming the distance to the pulsar dPSR=3.2 kpc.
Observing atmospheric rivers using multi-GNSS airborne radio occultation: system description and data evaluation
Creators: name: Cao, Bing
name: Haase, Jennifer S.
name: Murphy Jr., Michael J.
name: Wilson, Anna M.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024

description: Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) are narrow filaments of high moisture flux responsible for most of the horizontal transport of water vapor from the tropics to mid-latitudes. Improving forecasts of ARs through numerical weather prediction (NWP) is important for increasing the resilience of the western US to flooding and droughts. These NWP forecasts rely on the improved understanding of AR physics and dynamics from satellite, radar, aircraft, and in situ observations, and now airborne radio occultation (ARO) can contribute to those goals. The ARO technique is based on precise measurements of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) signal delays collected from a receiver onboard an aircraft from setting or rising GNSS satellites. ARO inherits the advantages of high vertical resolution and all-weather capability of spaceborne RO observations and has the additional advantage of continuous and dense sampling of the targeted storm area. This work presents a comprehensive ARO dataset recovered from four years of AR Reconnaissance (AR Recon) missions over the eastern Pacific. The final dataset is comprised of ? 1700 ARO profiles from 39 flights (? 260 flight hours) from multiple GNSS constellations. Profiles extend from aircraft cruising altitude (13–14 km) down into the lower troposphere, with more than 50 % of the profiles extending below 4 km, below which the receiver loses or cannot initiate lock. The horizontal drift of the tangent points that comprise a given ARO profile greatly extends the area sampled from just underneath the aircraft to both sides of the flight track (up to ? 400 km). The estimated refractivity accuracy with respect to dropsondes is ? 1.2 %, in the upper troposphere where the sample points are closely collocated. For the lower troposphere, the agreement is within ? 7 % which is the level of consistency expected given the nature of atmospheric variations over the 300–700 km separation between the lowest point and the dropsonde.
Congenital Syphilis
Creators: name: Sanchez, Thomas
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Bones
subject: Extremities
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Congenital

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 4 days
description: Clinical History: A 4 day-old late pre-term infant was born to a woman found to have a positive reactive plasma reagin (RPR) test. The infant also showed a positive RPR and thrombocytopenia. There was no prenatal care or prior ultrasound. Final Diagnosis: Congenital syphilis
Additional file 1 of Crystal structure of rice APIP6 reveals a new dimerization mode of RING-type E3 ligases that facilities the construction of its working model
Creators: name: Zheng, Yangyang
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Liu, Yang
name: Zhu, Tongtong
name: Wu, Xuefeng
name: Ning, Yuese
name: Liu, Junfeng
name: Wang, Dongli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Structures of RING-type E3 homodimers. Table S2. Structures of RING-type E3 in complex with E2 or E2/Ub.
REVISION: Rendering Tools Enable Spatial Fidelity in Vision-Language Models
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Agneet
name: Luo, Yiran
name: Gokhale, Tejas
name: Yang, Yezhou
name: Baral, Chitta
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

description: Comment: Accepted to ECCV 2024. Project Page : https://agneetchatterjee.com/revision/
description: Text-to-Image (T2I) and multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have been adopted in solutions for several computer vision and multimodal learning tasks. However, it has been found that such vision-language models lack the ability to correctly reason over spatial relationships. To tackle this shortcoming, we develop the REVISION framework which improves spatial fidelity in vision-language models. REVISION is a 3D rendering based pipeline that generates spatially accurate synthetic images, given a textual prompt. REVISION is an extendable framework, which currently supports 100+ 3D assets, 11 spatial relationships, all with diverse camera perspectives and backgrounds. Leveraging images from REVISION as additional guidance in a training-free manner consistently improves the spatial consistency of T2I models across all spatial relationships, achieving competitive performance on the VISOR and T2I-CompBench benchmarks. We also design RevQA, a question-answering benchmark to evaluate the spatial reasoning abilities of MLLMs, and find that state-of-the-art models are not robust to complex spatial reasoning under adversarial settings. Our results and findings indicate that utilizing rendering-based frameworks is an effective approach for developing spatially-aware generative models.
High infectivity and waterborne transmission of seagrass wasting disease
Creators: name: Eisenlord, Morgan E.
name: Agnew, M. Victoria
name: Winningham, Miranda
name: Lobo, Olivia J.
name: Vompe, Alex D.
name: Wippel, Bryanda
name: Friedman, Carolyn S.
name: Harvell, C. Drew
name: Burge, Colleen
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: marine disease
Labyrinthula zosterae
plant–pathogen interactions
Zostera marina
seagrass wasting disease
transmission

description: Pathogen transmission pathways are fundamental to understanding the epidemiology of infectious diseases yet are challenging to estimate in nature, particularly in the ocean. Seagrass wasting disease (SWD), caused by Labyrinthula zosterae, impacts seagrass beds worldwide and is thought to be a contributing factor to declines; however, little is known about natural transmission of SWD. In this study, we used field and laboratory experiments to test SWD transmission pathways and temperature sensitivity. To test transmission modes in nature, we conducted three field experiments out-planting sentinel Zostera marina shoots within and adjacent to natural Z. marina beds (20 ± 5 and 110 ± 5 m from bed edge). Infection rates and severity did not differ among outplant locations, implicating waterborne transmission. The infectious dose of L. zosterae through waterborne exposure was assessed in a controlled laboratory experiment. The dose to 50% disease was 6 cells ml?1 and did not differ with the temperatures tested (7.5°C and 15°C). Our results show L. zosterae is transmissible through water without direct contact with infected plants. Understanding the transmission dynamics of this disease in the context of changing ocean conditions will improve Z. marina protection and restoration in critical coastal habitats worldwide.
Intracranial Anatomy of Oxyodontherium zeballosi (Litopterna, Macraucheniidae) from the Río Quinto Formation, San Luis Province, Argentina
Creators: name: Del Pino, Santiago Hernández
name: Schmidt, Gabriela I.
name: Cerdeño, Esperanza
name: Chiesa, Jorge O.
name: Ojeda, Guillermo E.
name: Mosconi, Sergio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Utilising segmental data of MHIN-UNSL-GEO-V 465, we extend and re-evaluate previous observations on the morphology of the macraucheniid Oxyodontherium zeballosi comparing with additional micro and medical CT evidence from published data on Litopterna and other South American Native Ungulates (SANU). This new anatomical information includes qualitative and quantitative data on cranial pneumatization, nasal and encephalic cavities, and body mass estimates. The calculated Encephalization Quotients for MHIN-UNSL-GEO-V 465 range between 0.32 and 0.43, which are relatively low compared to other macraucheniids. The neopallial height ratio indicates a less expanded neopallial surface than in Huayqueriana and other Miocene SANU, and a higher ratio than several early ungulates. Our data reveal that O. zeballosi shares characteristics with the protolipternid cf. Miguelsoria parayirunhor, such as a shallow rostral tympanic process and a bulkier pars canalicularis of the inner ear. Although O. zeballosi shows less pneumatic spaces than other macraucheniids, it does show an important degree of pneumatization in the anterior portion of the caudal cranium, especially affecting frontals, parietals, and the alisphenoid. Finally, the estimated body mass of O. zeballosi is around 122–180 kg. This study increases the knowledge of the internal cranial anatomy of litopterns providing potentially valuable characters for future phylogenetic analyses.
Additional file 3 of Development of a nomogram for the prediction of complicated appendicitis during pregnancy
Creators: name: Zheng, Xiaosong
name: He, Xiaojun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional File 3: The baseline data of CA (Complicated Appendicitis) group and UA (Uncomplicated Appendicitis) group
Assessment of the causes and solutions to the significant 2018-19 fish deaths in the Lower Darling River, New South Wales, Australia
Creators: name: Sheldon, F
name: Barma, D
name: Baumgartner, LJ
name: Bond, Nick
name: Mitrovic, SM
name: Vertessy, R
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310304
subject: Freshwater ecology

description: In late 2018 to early 2019, three significant fish death events occurred in the Lower Darling River, Australia, with mortality estimates of millions of fish. We examined the proximate and ultimate causes of these events. We determined that not only were the conditions existing at the time a significant contributing factor, but that antecedent conditions, particularly during the period 2010-17, also contributed. The extreme hot and dry climate during 2018, extending into 2019, shaped the conditions that saw a large fish biomass, which had flourished in the Darling River and Menindee Lakes since favourable spawning conditions in 2016, isolated in weir pools, with no means of escaping upstream or downstream. Strong and persistent weir pool stratification created hypoxic conditions in the hypolimnion. A series of sudden cool changes subsequently initiated rapid and sudden mixing of the stratified waters, causing depletion of oxygen throughout the water column and resulting in the fish deaths. The events were also shaped by broader climatic, hydrological and basin management contexts that placed the Lower Darling River at risk of such fish deaths. Our observations have implications for future river management, and we make several suggestions how policy makers and river operators can minimise fish death risks into the future.
Additional file 1 of Patient-reported outcome measures used to improve youth mental health services: a systematic review
Creators: name: Thapa Bajgain, Kalpana
name: Amarbayan, Mungunzul
name: Wittevrongel, Krystle
name: McCabe, Erin
name: Naqvi, Syeda Farwa
name: Tang, Karen
name: Aghajafari, Fariba
name: Zwicker, Jennifer D.
name: Santana, Maria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Search strategy for PROMs used in child and youth mental illnesses: Supplementary file (S1): Search strategy (MEDLINE).
The Solar Magnetic Hump, Heliopause, and the Very Local Interstellar Medium
Creators: name: Burlaga, L. F.
name: Park, Jeewoo
name: Berdichevsky, D. B.
name: Jian, L. K.
name: Szabo, A.
Publisher: name: IOP
Year: 2024

description: The magnetic hump was observed from 2020.4 to ?2022 by Burlaga et al. who offered the hypothesis that it originated at the Sun during the declining phase of the solar cycle. Voyager 1 observed intermittency of 1 hr increments of the magnetic field from 2013 through 2019, as well as in the magnetic hump that began at the jump pf2 at 2020.4 and ended at ?2022. Throughout this interval, the intermittency in the components of B and the magnitude B was described by the Tsallis distribution (q-Gaussian distribution). The q-Gaussian distributions have been observed throughout the solar wind and heliosheath. However, there was little or no intermittency in the 1 hr increments of the magnetic field observed by Voyager 1 from ?2022.0 through day 270, 2023. During this interval Voyager 1 observed intermittency with a Gaussian distribution, which is associated with Boltzmann–Gibbs statistics. The boundary between these two regions, at ?2022.0, coincides with the heliopause predicted by Fisk & Gloeckler. Alternatively, the Voyager 1 observations might be a solar cycle effect.
New discovery of a late Middle Pleistocene mammalian fauna in Ganxian Cave, Southern China
Creators: name: Liang, Hua
name: Liao, Wei
name: Shao, Qingfeng
name: Chen, Qiong
name: Tian, Chun
name: Yao, Yanyan
name: Li, Jinyan
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This report describes fossils recovered from Ganxian Cave in 2008 and 2018 by the Natural History Museum and Anthropology Museum of Guangxi. The cave sedimentary fill yielded rich mammalian fossils consisting mainly of isolated teeth of medium- to large-sized mammals (Primates, Proboscidea, Perissodactyla, Carnivora, Rodentia, Artiodactyla) of typical ‘Ailuropoda-Stegodon’ fauna, (e.g. Stegodon orientalis, Ailuropoda baconi, Pongo weidenreichi, Tapirus sinensis, Megatapirus augustus, Crocuta ultima), and more numerous extant species belonging to 28 taxa in total. The biochronological age of the fauna agreed with the age estimates obtained using Uranium–series and coupled ESR/U-series dating. Collectively, these results indicate a Ganxian fossil age range of 168.9 ± 2.4 ka to 362 ± 78 ka and establish Ganxian Cave as one of the most precisely dated Middle Pleistocene fossil sites in southern China. Comparison of Ganxian fauna with Pleistocene fossil records of the well-documented faunas of southern China and southeast Asia indicates that the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) probably first appeared in Ganxian Cave. Paleoenvironmental reconstruction-based analysis of the large mammalian fossil assemblage from Ganxian Cave indicates that during the late Middle Pleistocene, the habitat consisted mainly of forests with some open areas and the climate was warm and humid.
Risk of severe illness from COVID-19 among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults: the construct of ‘vulnerable populations’ obscures the root causes of health inequities
Creators: name: Thurber, KA
name: Barrett, EM
name: Agostino, J
name: Chamberlain, Catherine
name: Ward, J
name: Wade, V
name: Belfrage, M
name: Maddox, R
name: Peiris, D
name: Walker, J
name: Baffour, B
name: Wenitong, M
name: Law, C
name: Senior, T
name: Priest, N
name: Freeman, K
name: Schramm, T
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4202
subject: Epidemiology
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Objective: To quantify the prevalence of known health-related risk factors for severe COVID-19 illness among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults, and their relationship with social determinants. Methods: Weighted cross-sectional analysis of the 2018-19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey; Odds Ratios for cumulative risk count category (0, 1, or ≥2 health-related risk factors) by social factors calculated using ordered logistic regression. Results: Of the adult population, 42.9%(95%CI:40.6,45.2) had none of the examined health-related risk factors; 38.9%(36.6,41.1) had 1, and 18.2%(16.7,19.7) had ≥2. Adults experiencing relative advantage across social indicators had significantly lower cumulative risk counts, with 30-70% lower odds of being in a higher risk category. Conclusions: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples must continue to be recognised as a priority population in all stages of pandemic preparedness and response as they have disproportionate exposure to social factors associated with risk of severe COVID-19 illness. Indigeneity itself is not a ‘risk’ factor and must be viewed in the wider context of inequities that impact health. Implications for public health: Multi-sectoral responses are required to improve health during and after the COVID-19 pandemic that: enable self-determination; improve incomes, safety, food security and culturally-safe healthcare; and address discrimination and trauma.
On the asymptotics of penalized spline smoothing
Creators: name: Wang, Xiao
name: Shen, Jinglai
name: Ruppert, David
Publisher: name: Duke University Press
Year: 2011
Subjects: 62G05
62G08
62G20
Boundary kernel
difference penalty
equivalent kernel
Green’s function
P-spline

description: This paper performs an asymptotic analysis of penalized spline estimators. We compare P-splines and splines with a penalty of the type used with smoothing splines. The asymptotic rates of the supremum norm of the difference between these two estimators over compact subsets of the interior and over the entire interval are established. It is shown that a P-spline and a smoothing spline are asymptotically equivalent provided that the number of knots of the P-spline is large enough, and the two estimators have the same equivalent kernels for both interior points and boundary points.
OPTIMISE: a pragmatic stepped wedge cluster randomised trial of an intervention to improve primary care for refugees in Australia
Creators: name: Russell, GM
name: Long, K
name: Lewis, Virginia
name: Enticott, JC
name: Gunatillaka, N
name: Cheng, IH
name: Marsh, Geraldine
name: Vasi, S
name: Advocat, J
name: Saito, S
name: Song, H
name: Casey, S
name: Smith, M
name: Harris, MF
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Objectives: To examine whether primary care outreach facilitation improves the quality of care for general practice patients from refugee backgrounds. Design: Pragmatic, cluster randomised controlled trial, with stepped wedge allocation to early or late intervention groups. Setting, participants: 31 general practices in three metropolitan areas of Sydney and Melbourne with high levels of refugee resettlement, November 2017 ‒ August 2019. Intervention: Trained facilitators made three visits to practices over six months, using structured action plans to help practice teams optimise routines of refugee care. Major outcome measure: Change in proportion of patients from refugee backgrounds with documented health assessments (Medicare billing). Secondary outcomes were refugee status recording, interpreter use, and clinician-perceived difficulty in referring patients to appropriate dental, social, settlement, and mental health services. Results: Our sample comprised 14 633 patients. The intervention was associated with an increase in the proportion of patients with Medicare-billed health assessments during the preceding six months, from 19.1% (95% CI, 18.6–19.5%) to 27.3% (95% CI, 26.7–27.9%; odds ratio, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.42–2.50). The impact of the intervention was greater in smaller practices, practices with larger proportions of patients from refugee backgrounds, recent training in refugee health care, or higher baseline provision of health assessments for such patients. There was no impact on refugee status recording, interpreter use increased modestly, and reported difficulties in refugee-specific referrals to social, settlement and dental services were reduced. Conclusions: Low intensity practice facilitation may improve some aspects of primary care for people from refugee backgrounds. Facilitators employed by local health services could support integrated approaches to enhancing the quality of primary care for this vulnerable population. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12618001970235 (retrospective).
Economic dimensions of violence against women: policy interventions needed
Creators: name: Miah, MD Rafid Abrar
name: Sifat, Ridwan Islam
Publisher: name: springer
Year: 2024
Subjects: Dowry induced
Rape
Bangladesh
Domestic violence
Unemployment
Policy

description: Violence against women is a common phenomenon in all societies, and in countries where gender inequality persists, such as Bangladesh, this issue is even more pronounced. Violence against any entity often stems from subordination, and it is generally accepted that empowering women can help prevent violence against them. The objective of the study is to unmask how different the role of economic performance of both men and women is impacting types of violence against women. With numerical data from the World Bank and Ain o Salish Kendra (ASK), we used Pearson correlation and OLS regression to extract the results from the raw data collected. The study finds that male unemployment is positively correlated with violence against women (including domestic violence, dowry-induced violence, and rape), while female unemployment shows an inverse relationship with the severity of violence. The findings emphasize the urgent need for policy interventions to address the underlying factors, effectively mitigate violence against women, inform policymakers and contribute to the development of effective strategies to promote a more equitable society.
Shapley values for feature selection: The good, the bad, and the axioms
Creators: name: Fryer, Daniel
name: Strumke, I
name: Nguyen, Hien
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: The Shapley value has become popular in the Explainable AI (XAI) literature, thanks, to a large extent, to a solid theoretical foundation, including four “favourable and fair” axioms for attribution in transferable utility games. The Shapley value is provably the only solution concept satisfying these axioms. In this paper, we introduce the Shapley value and draw attention to its recent uses as a feature selection tool. We call into question this use of the Shapley value, using simple, abstract “toy” counterexamples to illustrate that the axioms may work against the goals of feature selection. From this, we develop a number of insights that are then investigated in concrete simulation settings, with a variety of Shapley value formulations, including SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and Shapley Additive Global importancE (SAGE). The aim is not to encourage any use of the Shapley value for feature selection, but we aim to clarify various limitations around their current use in the literature. In so doing, we hope to help demystify certain aspects of the Shapley value axioms that are viewed as “favourable”. In particular, we wish to highlight that the favourability of the axioms depends non-trivially on the way in which the Shapley value is appropriated in the XAI application.
Intracranial Anatomy of Oxyodontherium Zeballosi (Litopterna, Macraucheniidae) from the Río Quinto Formation, San Luis Province, Argentina
Creators: name: Del Pino, Santiago Hernández
name: Schmidt, Gabriela I.
name: Cerdeño, Esperanza
name: Chiesa, Jorge O.
name: Ojeda, Guillermo E.
name: Mosconi, Sergio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Utilising segmental data of MHIN-UNSL-GEO-V 465, we extend and re-evaluate previous observations on the morphology of the macraucheniid Oxyodontherium zeballosi comparing with additional micro and medical CT evidence from published data on Litopterna and other South American Native Ungulates (SANU). This new anatomical information includes qualitative and quantitative data on cranial pneumatization, nasal and encephalic cavities, and body mass estimates. The calculated Encephalization Quotients for MHIN-UNSL-GEO-V 465 range between 0.32 and 0.43, which are relatively low compared to other macraucheniids. The neopallial height ratio indicates a less expanded neopallial surface than in Huayqueriana and other Miocene SANU, and a higher ratio than several early ungulates. Our data reveal that O. zeballosi shares characteristics with the protolipternid cf. Miguelsoria parayirunhor, such as a shallow rostral tympanic process and a bulkier pars canalicularis of the inner ear. Although O. zeballosi shows less pneumatic spaces than other macraucheniids, it does show an important degree of pneumatization in the anterior portion of the caudal cranium, especially affecting frontals, parietals, and the alisphenoid. Finally, the estimated body mass of O. zeballosi is around 122–180 kg. This study increases the knowledge of the internal cranial anatomy of litopterns providing potentially valuable characters for future phylogenetic analyses.
Role of RNA structural plasticity in modulating HIV-1 genome packaging and translation
Creators: name: Yasin, Saif
name: Lesko, Sydney L.
name: Kharytonchyk, Siarhei
name: Brown, Joshua D.
name: Chaudry, Issac
name: Geleta, Samuel A.
name: Tadzong, Ndeh F.
name: Zheng, Mei Y.
name: Patel, Heer B.
name: Kengni, Gabriel
name: Neubert, Emma
name: Quiambao, Jeanelle Mae C.
name: Becker, Ghazal
name: Ghinger, Frances Grace
name: Thapa, Sreeyasha
name: Williams, A’Lyssa
name: Radov, Michelle H.
name: Boehlert, Kellie
name: Hollmann, Nele Merret
name: Singh, Karndeep
name: Bruce, James W.
name: Marchant, Jan
name: Telesnitsky, Alice
name: Sherer, Nathan M.
name: Summers, Michael F.
Publisher: name: PNAS
Year: 2024

description: HIV-1 transcript function is controlled in part by twinned transcriptional start site usage, where 5? capped RNAs beginning with a single guanosine (1G) are preferentially packaged into progeny virions as genomic RNA (gRNA) whereas those beginning with three sequential guanosines (3G) are retained in cells as mRNAs. In 3G transcripts, one of the additional guanosines base pairs with a cytosine located within a conserved 5? polyA element, resulting in formation of an extended 5? polyA structure as opposed to the hairpin structure formed in 1G RNAs. To understand how this remodeling influences overall transcript function, we applied in vitro biophysical studies with in-cell genome packaging and competitive translation assays to native and 5? polyA mutant transcripts generated with promoters that differentially produce 1G or 3G RNAs. We identified mutations that stabilize the 5? polyA hairpin structure in 3G RNAs, which promote RNA dimerization and Gag binding without sequestering the 5? cap. None of these 3G transcripts were competitively packaged, confirming that cap exposure is a dominant negative determinant of viral genome packaging. For all RNAs examined, conformations that favored 5? cap exposure were both poorly packaged and more efficiently translated than those that favored 5? cap sequestration. We propose that structural plasticity of 5? polyA and other conserved RNA elements place the 5? leader on a thermodynamic tipping point for low-energetic (~3 kcal/mol) control of global transcript structure and function.
Study protocol: a mixed-methods study of the implementation of doula care to address racial health equity in six state Medicaid programs
Creators: name: Jarlenski, Marian
name: Kennedy, Susan
name: Johnson, Annaliese
name: Hale, Caroline
name: D’Angelo, Zoe
name: Nedhari, Aza
name: Coffee, Gerria
name: Chappell-McPhail, Molly
name: Green, Kiddada
name: Méndez, Dara D.
name: Goetschius, Leigh G.
name: Gareau, Sarah
name: Ashford, Kristin
name: Barnes, Andrew J.
name: Ahrens, Katherine A.
name: Zivin, Kara
name: Mosley, Elizabeth
name: Tang, Lu
name: Writing Committee For Medicaid Outcomes Distributed Research Network
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024
Subjects: Doula
Implementation science
Postpartum
Medicaid
Pregnancy

description: Racial inequities in severe maternal morbidity (SMM) and mortality constitute a public health crisis in the United States. Doula care, defined as care from birth workers who provide culturally appropriate, non-clinical support during pregnancy and postpartum, has been proposed as an intervention to help disrupt obstetric racism as a driver of adverse pregnancy outcomes in Black and other birthing persons of colour. Many state Medicaid programs are implementing doula programs to address the continued increase in SMM and mortality. Medicaid programs are poised to play a major role in addressing the needs of these populations with the goal of closing the racial gaps in SMM and mortality. This study will investigate the most effective ways that Medicaid programs can implement doula care to improve racial health equity.
Support for Aboriginal health services in reducing harms from alcohol: 2-year service provision outcomes in a cluster randomized trial
Creators: name: Dzidowska, M
name: Lee, Kylie
name: Conigrave, JH
name: Dobbins, TA
name: Hummerston, B
name: Wilson, S
name: Haber, PS
name: Gray, D
name: Conigrave, KM
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 420699
subject: Public health not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 450499
subject: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health and wellbeing not elsewhere classified

description: Background and aims: There is a higher prevalence of unhealthy alcohol use among Indigenous populations, but there have been few studies of the effectiveness of screening and treatment in primary health care. Over 24 months, we tested whether a model of service-wide support could increase screening and any alcohol treatment. Design: Cluster-randomized trial with 24-month implementation (12 months active, 12 months maintenance). Setting: Australian Aboriginal Community Controlled primary care services. Participants: Twenty-two services (83 032 clients) that use Communicare practice software and see at least 1000 clients annually, randomized to the treatment arm or control arm. Intervention and comparator: Multi-faceted early support model versus a comparator of waiting-list control (11 services). Measurements: A record (presence = 1, absence = 0) of: (i) Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test—Consumption (AUDIT-C) screening (primary outcome), (ii) any-treatment and (iii) brief intervention. We received routinely collected practice data bimonthly over 3 years (1-year baseline, 1-year implementation, 1-year maintenance). Multi-level logistic modelling was used to compare the odds of each outcome before and after implementation. Findings: The odds of being screened within any 2-month reference period increased in both arms post-implementation, but the increase was nearly eight times greater in early-support services [odds ratio (OR) = 7.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.04–15.63, P < 0.001]. The change in odds of any treatment in early support was nearly double that of waiting-list controls (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.19–2.98, P = 0.01) but was largely driven by decrease in controls. There was no clear evidence of difference between groups in the change in the odds of provision of brief intervention (OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 0.53–7.17, P = 0.32). Conclusions: An early support model designed to aid routine implementation of alcohol screening and treatment in Aboriginal health services resulted in improvement of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test—Consumption screening rates over 24 months of implementation, but the effect on treatment was less clear.
Force-Motion Control For A Six Degree-Of-Freedom Robotic Manipulator
Creators: name: Ojha, Sagar
name: Leodler, Karl
name: Barbieri, Lou
name: Wu, TseHuai
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computer Science - Robotics
Mathematics - Dynamical Systems

description: This paper presents a unified algorithm for motion and force control for a six degree-of-freedom spatial manipulator. The motion-force controller performs trajectory tracking, maneuvering the manipulator's end-effector through desired position, orientations and rates. When contacting an obstacle or target object, the force module of the controller restricts the manipulator movements with a novel force exertion method, which prevents damage to the manipulator, the end-effector, and the objects during the contact or collision. The core strategy presented in this paper is to design the linear acceleration for the end-effector which ensures both trajectory tracking and restriction of any contact force at the end-effector. The design of the controller is validated through numerical simulations and digital twin validation.
Additional file 3 of Genomic and transcriptional characterization of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Zhao, Jingjing
name: Jia, Xiya
name: Li, Qiaojuan
name: Zhang, Hena
name: Wang, Jianjun
name: Huang, Shenglin
name: Hu, Zhixiang
name: Li, Caiping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. The DEGs between tumor and normal.
Stewardship e TDM antimicrobici, due facce della stessa medaglia?
Creators: name: Bianco, Ines
name: Conti, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Antimicrobial stewardship

WHO-La stewardship antimicrobica

Mettere in pratica

Integrated approach to optimizing use of antimicrobials towards universal health coverage

WHO for Europe

ECDC - EU Guidelines

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Utilità del TDM degli Antimicrobici

Quando fare il TDM? Il punto di vista del Farmacologo clinico

Vantaggi e limiti del TDM tramite UHPLC-MS/MS

Voriconazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Additional file 1 of Network pharmacology prediction and molecular docking-based strategy to discover the potential pharmacological mechanism of Huang–Qi–Gui–Zhi–Wu–Wu decoction against deep vein thrombosis
Creators: name: Fan, Wei
name: Lan, Shuangli
name: Yang, Yunkang
name: Liang, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file: 1. Effective compounds of Huang-Qi-Gui-Zhi-Wu-Wu Decoction.