cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Upper Critical Field of Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ under In-Plane Uniaxial Pressure
Creators: name: Jerzembeck, Fabian
name: Steppke, Alexander
name: Pustogow, Andrej
name: Luo, Yongkang
name: Chronister, Aaron
name: Sokolov, Dmitry A.
name: Kikugawa, Naoki
name: Li, You-Sheng
name: Nicklas, Michael
name: Brown, Stuart E.
name: Mackenzie, Andrew P.
name: Hicks, Clifford W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In-plane uniaxial pressure has been shown to strongly tune the superconducting state of Sr2RuO4 by approaching a Lifshitz transition and associated Van Hove singularity (VHS) in the density of states. At the VHS, $T_c$ and the in- and out-of-plane upper critical fields are all strongly enhanced, and the latter has changed its curvature as a function of temperature from convex to concave. However, due to strain inhomogeneity it has not been possible so far to determine how the upper critical fields change with strain. Here, we show the strain dependence of both upper critical fields, which was achieved due to an improved sample preparation. We find that the in-plane upper critical field is mostly linear in $T_c$. On the other hand, the out-of-plane upper critical field varies with a higher power in $T_c$, and peaks strongly at the VHS. The strong increase in magnitude and the change in form of $H_\mathrm{c2||c}$ occur very close to the Van Hove strain, and points to a strong enhancement of both the density of states and the gap magnitude at the Lifshitz transition.
Common origin of reactor and sterile neutrino mixing
Creators: name: Merle, Alexander
name: Morisi, Stefano
name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the hints for light sterile neutrinos from short-baseline anomalies are to be taken seriously, global fits indicate active-sterile mixings of a magnitude comparable to the known reactor mixing. We therefore study the conditions under which the active-sterile and reactor mixings could have the same origin in an underlying flavour model. As a starting point, we use $μ-τ$ symmetry in the active neutrino sector, which (for three neutrinos) yields a zero reactor neutrino angle and a maximal atmospheric one. We demonstrate that adding one sterile neutrino can change this setting, so that the active-sterile mixing and non-zero $θ_{13}$ can be generated simultaneously. From the phenomenological perspective, electron (anti)neutrino disappearance can be easily accommodated, while muon neutrino disappearance can vanish. It is, however, difficult to reconcile the LSND results with this scenario. From the theory perspective, the setting requires the misalignment of some of the flavon vacuum expectation values, which may be achieved in an $A_4$ or $D_4$ flavour symmetry model using extra dimensions.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures; v2: analysis extended to also include non-zero Majorana phases; accepted by JHEP
Optical activity of oriented molecular systems in terms of the magnetoelectric tensor of gyrotropy
Creators: name: Arteaga, Oriol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical activity of oriented molecular systems is investigated using bianisotropic material constitutives for Maxwell's equations. It is shown that the circular birefringence and circular dichroism in a given direction can be conveniently expressed in terms of the two components of the symmetric magnetoelectric tensor of gyrotropy that are perpendicular to this direction of light propagation. This description establishes a direct link between measurable anisotropic optical activity and the tensors that describe the oscillating electric and magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments induced by the optical wave.
MP-SeizNet: A Multi-Path CNN Bi-LSTM Network for Seizure-Type Classification Using EEG
Creators: name: Albaqami, Hezam
name: Hassan, Ghulam Mubashar
name: Datta, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Seizure type identification is essential for the treatment and management of epileptic patients. However, it is a difficult process known to be time consuming and labor intensive. Automated diagnosis systems, with the advancement of machine learning algorithms, have the potential to accelerate the classification process, alert patients, and support physicians in making quick and accurate decisions. In this paper, we present a novel multi-path seizure-type classification deep learning network (MP-SeizNet), consisting of a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a bidirectional long short-term memory neural network (Bi-LSTM) with an attention mechanism. The objective of this study was to classify specific types of seizures, including complex partial, simple partial, absence, tonic, and tonic-clonic seizures, using only electroencephalogram (EEG) data. The EEG data is fed to our proposed model in two different representations. The CNN was fed with wavelet-based features extracted from the EEG signals, while the Bi-LSTM was fed with raw EEG signals to let our MP-SeizNet jointly learns from different representations of seizure data for more accurate information learning. The proposed MP-SeizNet was evaluated using the largest available EEG epilepsy database, the Temple University Hospital EEG Seizure Corpus, TUSZ v1.5.2. We evaluated our proposed model across different patient data using three-fold cross-validation and across seizure data using five-fold cross-validation, achieving F1 scores of 87.6% and 98.1%, respectively.
Anomalous behavior of control pulses in presence of noise with singular autocorrelation
Creators: name: Stanek, Daniel
name: Fauseweh, Benedikt
name: Stihl, Christopher
name: Pasini, Stefano
name: Uhrig, Götz S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the anomalous behavior of control pulses for spins under spin-spin relaxation and subject to classical noise with a singular autocorrelation function. This behavior is not detected for noise with analytic autocorrelation functions. The effect is manifest in the different scaling behavior of the deviation of a real pulse to the ideal, instantaneous one. While a standard pulse displays scaling $\propto τ_\mathrm{p}^1$, a first-order refocusing pulse normally shows scaling $\propto τ_\mathrm{p}^2$. But in presence of cusps in the noise autocorrelation the scaling $\propto τ_\mathrm{p}^{3/2}$ occurs. Cusps in the autocorrelation are characteristic for fast fluctuations in the noise with a spectral density of Lorentzian shape. We prove that the anomalous exponent cannot be avoided; it represents a fundamental limit. On the one hand, this redefines the strategies one has to adopt to design refocusing pulses. On the other hand, the anomalous exponent, if found in experiment, provides important information on the noise properties.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Scribe of Ages: un viaje lúdico-formativo a través del espacio-tiempo
Creators: name: Castro Correa, Ainoa
name: Justo Sánchez, Daniel
name: Luis Corral, Fernando
name: Álvarez López, Francisco J.
name: Álvarez López, Francisco José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Paleography
Palaeography
Manuscript Studies
Medieval History
gamification

description: Póster del videojuego-gamificación Scribe of Ages, elaborado por el equipo de trabajo formado por A. Castro, D. Justo, F. Luis y F. Álvarez de la Universidad de Salamanca como participación en la I Jornada de Innovación Docente, Universidades públicas de Castilla y León celebrada el 22 de abril de 2022.
NLO evolution of 3-quark Wilson loop operator
Creators: name: Balitsky, I.
name: Grabovsky, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that high-energy scattering of a meson from some hadronic target can be described by the interaction of that target with a color dipole formed by two Wilson lines corresponding to fast quark-antiquark pair. Moreover, the energy dependence of the scattering amplitude is governed by the evolution equation of this color dipole with respect to rapidity. Similarly, the energy dependence of scattering of a baryon can be described in terms of evolution of a three-Wilson-lines operator with respect to the rapidity of the Wilson lines. We calculate the evolution of the 3-quark Wilson loop operator in the next-to-leading order (NLO) and present a quasi-conformal evolution equation for a composite 3-Wilson-lines operator. We also obtain the linearized version of that evolution equation describing the amplitude of the odderon exchange at high energies.
Quantification of volatile organic compounds in cities in the UK and Africa
Creators: name: Bernard, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This work centred on the analysis of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) in the ambient atmosphere from selected sites in Leicester city (Europe) and Lagos city (Africa). In Leicester, it was observed that vehicular emission was a major contributor to the NMVOCs, while Lagos had in addition to vehicular emissions, there were alternative sources such as industrial emission, and other anthropogenic activities. The impact of covid 19 lockdown on the United Kingdom environment, was considered to ascertain the prevalence and variation of non-methane volatile organic compounds load in the atmosphere and the ozone formation potential of the NMVOC was explored. During lockdown in contrast to the other compounds, ozone (O3) increased while NO2 and NMVOCs from regular anthropogenic sources decreased. All measurement in this study were within EU regulatory limit during the lockdown, but benzene was slightly above the 5 μg/m3 annual average limit for pre-lockdown and post-lockdown periods. Chemical ionization reaction mass spectrometry (CIR-MS) was used to determine the total volatile organic compounds present in the Leicester atmosphere with oxygen as the reagent ion (O2+) for the purpose of ascertaining, quantifying and development of method for calculating the total volatile organic carbon in the atmosphere. The total volatile organic carbon calculation for n-alkane (C2− C9) and aromatic hydrocarbon revealed that n-alkanes had fragments of m/z < 72 and the aromatics had fragments > 77 so the estimate of organic carbon could be calculated as a group contribution with a spread of about 13 % to 30 %. This thesis will aim to examine, identify, and ascertain the prevalence and variation of NMVOCs and the impact of Covid 19 on the atmosphere and develop a method for the calculation of total organic carbon in the atmosphere from selected NMVOCs.
Formations supérieures dans le numérique : heureusement qu’il y a « le privé »
Creators: name: Poilane, Yves
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: Sur les 20 dernières années, faute d’un accroissement de la subvention de l’Etat, le nombre d’écoles d’ingénieurs publiques du numérique et le nombre de diplômés de ces écoles n’ont crû que modestement (10/15% de croissance) alors que dans le même temps des écoles privées du numérique se créaient et que le nombre de diplômés de ces écoles explosait. Compréhensible puisque, pour l’Etat, les écoles publiques sont une charge alors que pour le « privé », la formation d’ingénieurs est un marché, très porteur et solvable. Insupportable, car l’Etat a les outils pour soutenir la croissance du nombre d’ingénieurs formés dans ses écoles publiques.
Faddeev fixed-center approximation to the $ηK^*\bar{K}^*$, $πK^*\bar{K}^*$ and $KK^*\bar{K}^*$ systems
Creators: name: Shen, Qing-Hua
name: Xie, Ju-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-body $ηK^*\bar{K}^*$, $πK^*\bar{K}^*$ and $KK^*\bar{K}^*$ systems are investigated within the framework of fixed-center approximation to the Faddeev equations, where $K^*\bar{K}^*$ is treated as the scalar meson $f_0(1710)$. The interactions between $π$, $η$, $K$ and $K^*$ are taking from the chiral unitary approach. By scattering the $η$ meson on the clusterized $(K^*\bar{K}^*)_{f_0(1710)}$ system, we find a peak in the modulus squared of the three-body scattering amplitude and it can be associated as a bound state with quantum numbers $I^G(J^{PC})=0^+(0^{-+})$. Its mass and width are around 2054 MeV and 60 MeV, respectively. This state could be associated to the $η(2100)$ meson. For the $π(K^*\bar{K}^*)_{f_0(1710)}$ scattering, we find a bump structure around 1900-2000 MeV with quantum numbers $1^-({0^{-+}})$. While for the $K K^* \bar{K}^*)_{f_0(1710)}$ system, there are three structures. One of them is much stable and its mass is about 2130 MeV. It is expected that these theoretical predictions here could be tested by future experimental measurements, such as by the BESIII, BelleII and LHCb collaborations.
description: 10 pages, 15 figures
The Counter Hydro-Hegemonic Strategy and GERD - Under Threat
Creators: name: Mohammed, Yusuf Ali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Nile River, GERD, Hydro-Hegemony, Counter Hydro-Hegemony

description: The world is endowed with so many more transboundary watercourse resources. Among those, east Africa’s Nile River, which stretches 6,825 km across 11 riparian states all the way to the Mediterranean Sea, is not only considered the longest river on earth but also one of the most contentious ones. Egypt’s recent move in taking the matter to the US, Arab League, and UN Security Council adds fuel to the existing already burning Nile Basin dispute. The failed US-brokered negotiation over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) among the most key player of the Nile River basin, Ethiopia, Egypt & Sudan, is evident in this regard. Against the backdrop of these developments, the study at hand analyzes the matter from the wider perspective of the Nile Hydro-hegemony and its counter-movement. In particular, the study ascertains why the counter Hydro-Hegemonic strategy is under threat. Finally, the study provides a way forward that paves a path to overcome the aforesaid threat.
Constraints on ultra-slow-roll inflation from the third LIGO-Virgo observing run
Creators: name: Mu, Bo
name: Cheng, Gong
name: Liu, Jing
name: Guo, Zong-Kuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonattractor evolution in ultra-slow-roll (USR) inflation results in the amplification of superhorizon curvature perturbations and then induces a strong and detectable stochastic gravitational wave background. In this letter, we search for such a stochastic gravitational wave background in data from the third LIGO-Virgo observing run and place constraints on the USR inflationary models. The $e$-folding number of the USR phase are constrained to be $ΔN \lesssim 2.9$ at the 95% confidence level and the power spectrum of curvature perturbations amplified during the USR phase is constrained to be $\log_{10}P_{R\mathrm{p}}<-1.7$ at the scales $2.9\times10^5 ~\mathrm{pc^{-1}} \lesssim k \lesssim 1.7\times10^{11}~\mathrm{pc^{-1}}$. Besides, we forecast the ability of future experiments to constrain USR inflation, and find $P_{R\mathrm{p}}\lesssim 10^{-3.6}$ for LISA and Taiji, $P_{R\mathrm{p}}\lesssim 10^{-3.3}$ for Cosmic Explore and Einstein Telescope, $P_{R\mathrm{p}}\lesssim 10^{-5.5}$ for DECIGO and Big Bang Observer and $P_{R\mathrm{p}}\lesssim 10^{-5.2}$ for Square Kilometre Array.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
ATOS : un européen dans la course à l’informatique quantique
Creators: name: Leconte, Marc
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: L’informatique quantique a fait la une des journaux spécialisés et même généralistes il y a peu avec la suprématie quantique revendiquée par Google et contestée aussitôt par IBM. L’affaire semblait concerner seulement un petit cénacle de géants industriels situé au Etats-Unis mais il n’en est rien, l’Europe et la France sont également présents dans cette course avec son champion ATOS.
Effects of kination and scalar-tensor cosmologies on sterile neutrinos
Creators: name: Rehagen, Thomas
name: Gelmini, Graciela B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of kination and scalar-tensor pre-Big Bang Nucleosynthesis cosmologies on the non-resonant production of sterile neutrinos. We show that if the peak of the production rate of sterile neutrinos occurs during the non-standard cosmological phase, the relic number density of sterile neutrinos could be reduced with respect to the number expected in the standard cosmology. Consequently, current bounds on active-sterile neutrino mixing derived from the relic energy density of sterile neutrinos could be greatly relaxed. In particular, we show that the sterile neutrinos which could explain the anomalies found in short-baseline neutrino experiments are compatible with recent joint Planck upper limits on their contribution to the energy density of the Universe in a scalar-tensor or a low-reheating temperature pre-Big Bang Nucleosynthesis cosmology.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures; v2: section on general constraints on H added, text and figures improved, 1 figure added, accepted for publication in JCAP
TechEthos D5.4: Criteria for ethical review by RECs in emerging technology research
Creators: name: Tambornino, Lisa
name: Seedall, Carly Jean
name: Lindemann, Tom
name: Klar, Renate
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: New and emerging technologies, including neurotechnology (NT), digital extended reality (DXR), and climate engineering (CE), have the potential to profoundly impact society. However, research on these technologies raises a broad set of ethical concerns – ranging from questions on autonomy, misuse, and mental and physical health to privacy, equity, and ecosystems. These ethical concerns are often associated with the long-term societal and environmental impacts of these technologies, thus necessitating a reshaping of the research governance system supporting ethical research practices.
Ethics review bodies – referred to herein as research ethics committees (RECs) – play a vital role in furthering ethical research. However, the scope, structure, expertise, and principles of RECs, designed with a primary focus on reviewing biomedical research, are often ill-suited to conduct comprehensive ethics assessments of research related to NT, DXR, and CE as well as other new and emerging technologies.
To aid RECs in supporting ethical research related to NT, DXR, and CE, this deliverable addresses the following research questions:

What challenges do RECs face when reviewing research involving new and emerging technologies, especially NT, DXR, and CE?1
Do the scope and structure of RECs allow for adequate support for ethical research in new and emerging technologies?
$Ψ$ and $Υ$ Production In pp Collisions at 8.0 TeV
Creators: name: Kisslinger, Leonard S.
name: Das, Debasish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is an extension of recent studies for $Υ(nS), n=1,2,3,$ and $J/Ψ(1S),Ψ(2S)$ production at the LHC in pp collisions, and with the ALICE detector at 7.0 TeV, with new predictions at 8.0 TeV
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Intense whistler-mode waves at foreshock transients: characteristics and regimes of wave-particle resonant interaction
Creators: name: Shi, Xiaofei
name: Liu, Terry
name: Artemyev, Anton
name: Angelopoulos, Vassilis
name: Zhang, Xiao-Jia
name: Turner, Drew L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermalization and heating of plasma flows at shocks result in unstable charged-particle distributions which generate a wide range of electromagnetic waves. These waves, in turn, can further accelerate and scatter energetic particles. Thus, the properties of the waves and their implication for wave-particle interactions are critically important for modeling energetic particle dynamics in shock environments. Whistler-mode waves, excited by the electron heat flux or a temperature anisotropy, arise naturally near shocks and foreshock transients. As a result, they can often interact with supra-thermal electrons. The low background magnetic field typical at the core of such transients and the large wave amplitudes may cause such interactions to enter the nonlinear regime. In this study, we present a statistical characterization of whistler-mode waves at foreshock transients around Earth bow shock, as they are observed under a wide range of upstream conditions. We find that a significant portion of them are sufficiently intense and coherent to warrant nonlinear treatment. Copious observations of background magnetic field gradients and intense whistler wave amplitudes suggest that phase trapping, a very effective mechanism for electron acceleration in inhomogeneous plasmas, may be the cause. We discuss the implications of our findings for electron acceleration in planetary and astrophysical shock environments.
description: Submitted to APJ
L’hydrogène, un vecteur énergétique d’avenir ?
Cette source d’énergie sera-t-elle la panacée pour tous les usages à décarboner ?
Creators: name: Sanchis, Gérald
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: Depuis quelques années l’hydrogène est considéré comme une source d’énergie incontournable pour atteindre la neutralité carbone d’ici 2050. Mais l’hydrogène va-t-il tenir ses promesses ? Est-il l’élément miraculeux que l’on nous présente ? Pourra-t-on compenser dans ses usages le bilan carbone de la production de ce gaz présent un peu partout dans l’univers, mais qui n’existe pratiquement pas à l’état naturel sur terre ? Dans ce dossier, vous trouverez une vision plus réaliste à travers le témoignage de chercheurs et d’industriels.
The Counter Hydro-Hegemonic Strategy and GERD - Under Threat
Creators: name: Mohammed, Yusuf Ali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Nile River, GERD, Hydro-Hegemony, Counter Hydro-Hegemony

description: The world is endowed with so much more trans-boundary water river. Among those, the east Africa’s Nile River, which stretches 6,825 km across 11 riparian states all the way to Mediterranean sea, is not only considered the longest river on [earth], but also one of the most contentious one. Throughout the centuries, it was in recent memory that because of the failed most contentious US brokered negotiation over a particular Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), among the most key player of Nile river basin – Ethiopia, Egypt & Sudan –, issue has reached its pick and become the regional security crises. Again, Egypt’s recent move in taking the matter to the US, Arab league, UN Security Council adds a fuel to the existing already burning Nile Basin dispute. Having the latter move, the author tried to analyze the matter from the wider perspective of the Nile Hydro hegemony and its counter Hydro-hegemonic movement in general, and the motive behind the GERD construction alongside it’s threat over counter Hydro-Hegemonic strategy is scrutinized in this paper.
Quelques questions et déjà beaucoup de réponses
De l’utilisation de l’hydrogène dans le futur mix énergétique
Creators: name: Hissel, Daniel
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: Depuis plusieurs mois, l’hydrogène, en tant que vecteur énergétique, se positionne au cœur du débat relatif à notre futur mix énergétique. Il présente, en effet, de nombreux atouts : environnementaux, écologiques, sociétaux, industriels. Sa polyvalence lui assure en outre une applicabilité aisée dans de nombreux secteurs économiques. Voici, sous forme de questions - réponses, un tour d’horizon du sujet.
The brain as a dynamically active organ
Creators: name: Brembs, Björn
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Nervous systems are typically described as a static network passively responding to external stimuli (i.e., the ‘sensorimotor hypothesis’). However, for more than a century now, evidence has been accumulating that this passive-static perspective is wrong. Instead, evidence suggests that nervous systems dynamically change their connectivity and actively generate behavior in order to control their sensory feedback. This review provides a brief overview of the different historical perspectives on general brain function and details some select modern examples falsifying the sensorimotor hypothesis.
Atouts et enjeux de l’électrolyse pour la transition énergétique
Creators: name: Du, Marc Le
name: Françon, Mathilde
name: Aberto Tejeda
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: Quel sera l’impact sur le système électrique français d’un développement massif de l’électrolyse prévu par la transition énergétique pour produire de l’hydrogène à partir d’électricité à bas niveau de carbone, et ce à moyen et long terme ?
A parameterization for the radio emission of air showers as predicted by CoREAS simulations and applied to LOFAR measurements
Creators: name: Nelles, Anna
name: Buitink, Stijn
name: Falcke, Heino
name: Hörandel, Jörg
name: Huege, Tim
name: Schellart, Pim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring radio emission from air showers provides excellent opportunities to directly measure all air shower properties, including the shower development. To exploit this in large-scale experiments, a simple and analytic parameterization of the distribution of the radio signal at ground level is needed. Data taken with the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) show a complex two-dimensional pattern of pulse powers, which is sensitive to the shower geometry. Earlier parameterizations of the lateral signal distribution have proven insufficient to describe these data. In this article, we present a parameterization derived from air-shower simulations. We are able to fit the two-dimensional distribution with a double Gaussian, requiring five fit parameters. All parameters show strong correlations with air shower properties, such as the energy of the shower, the arrival direction, and the shower maximum. We successfully apply the parameterization to data taken with LOFAR and discuss implications for air shower experiments.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures
Quantum dynamics of gravitational massive shell
Creators: name: Góźdź, Andrzej
name: Kisielowski, Marcin
name: Piechocki, Włodzimierz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum dynamics of a self-gravitating thin matter shell in vacuum has been considered. Quantum Hamiltonian of the system is positive definite. Within chosen set of parameters, the quantum shell bounces above the horizon. Considered quantum system does not collapse to the gravitational singularity of the corresponding classical system.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures; version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Distinguishing co-spectral quantum graphs by scattering
Creators: name: Mugnolo, Delio
name: Pivovarchik, Vyacheslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34B45, 05C50, 35P15, 81Q35

description: We propose a simple method for resolution of co-spectrality of Schrödinger operators on metric graphs. Our approach consists of attaching a lead to them and comparing the $S$-functions of the corresponding scattering problems on these (non-compact) graphs. We show that in several cases -- including general graphs on at most 6 vertices, general trees on at most 9 vertices, and general fuzzy balls -- eigenvalues and scattering data are together sufficient to distinguish co-spectral metric graphs.
Two-state thermodynamics of the ST2 model for supercooled water
Creators: name: Holten, Vincent
name: Palmer, Jeremy C.
name: Poole, Peter H.
name: Debenedetti, Pablo G.
name: Anisimov, Mikhail A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermodynamic properties of the ST2 model for supercooled liquid water exhibit anomalies similar to those observed in real water. A possible explanation of these anomalies is the existence of a metastable, liquid-liquid transition terminated by a critical point. This phenomenon, whose possible existence in real water is the subject of much current experimental work, has been unambiguously demonstrated for this particular model by most recent simulations. In this work, we reproduce the anomalies of two versions of the ST2 model with an equation of state describing water as a non-ideal "mixture" of two different types of local molecular order. We show that the liquid-liquid transition in the ST2 water is energy-driven. This is in contrast to another popular model, mW, in which non-ideality in mixing of two alternative local molecular orders is entropy-driven, and is not sufficiently strong to induce a liquid-liquid transition.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
L’hydrogène dans le secteur routier de marchandises
Analyse de la demande potentielle et de l’infrastructure à mettre en place pour y répondre
Creators: name: Hauet, Jean-Pierre
name: Auverlot, Dominique
name: Lacire, Servan
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: L’hydrogène d’origine électrolytique est aujourd’hui considéré comme un vecteur énergétique susceptible de concourir, en complément ou parallèle à l’usage direct de l’électricité, à la décarbonation de l’économie. Des concours publics très importants sont mobilisés pour promouvoir une industrie de l’hydrogène européenne et française en particulier. Mais hormis les applications industrielles qui sont relativement bien connues, quels marchés cet hydrogène pourra-t-il intéresser ? Une étude réalisée par Equilibre des Energies a évalué les besoins potentiels des transports routiers de marchandises et précisé l’écosystème des infrastructures à mettre en place aux horizons 2030 et 2050 pour répondre à ces besoins.
$P^Λ_{ψs}(4459)$ and $P^Λ_{ψs}(4338)$ as molecular states in $ J/ψΛ$ invariant mass spectra
Creators: name: Zhu, Jun-Tao
name: Kong, Shu-Yi
name: He, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the LHCb Collaboration has reported two strange hidden-charm pentaquark states named $P^Λ_{ψs}(4459)$ and $P^Λ_{ψs}(4338)$ in the $ J/ψΛ$ invariant mass spectra of decays $Ξ_b^-$$\to$$ J/ψΛK^-$ and $B^-$$\to$$J/ψΛ\bar{p}$,respectively. In this work, we perform a coupled-channel study of the interactions $Ξ_c^*\bar{D}^*$, $Ξ'_c\bar{D}^*$, $Ξ^*_c\bar{D}$, $Ξ_c\bar{D}^*$, $Ξ'_c\bar{D}$, $Λ_c\bar{D}_s^{*}$, $Ξ_c\bar{D}$, $Λ_c\bar{D}_s$, and $ΛJ/ψ$ in the quasipotential Bethe-Salpeter equation approach to estimate the $ J/ψΛ$ invariant mass spectra. With the help of effective Lagrangians, the potential kernel can be constructed by meson exchanges to obtain the scattering amplitudes, from which the poles of the bound states and the invariant mass spectra can be reached. The coupled-channel calculation results in that the width of state $Ξ_c\bar{D}^{*}(1/2^-)$ is about $18$~MeV and that of state $Ξ_c\bar{D}^{*}(3/2^-)$ is only about $1.6$~MeV. By comparison with experimental data, it indicates that the structure $P^Λ_{ψs}(4459)$ is mainly from the contribution from the $Ξ_c \bar{D}^{*}(1/2^-)$ state while the role of state $Ξ_c \bar{D}^{*}(3/2^-)$ cannot be excluded. The line shape of the structure $P^Λ_{ψs}(4338)$ can be reproduced roughly by a narrow molecular state from the $Ξ_c \bar{D}$ interaction with $J^P$=$1/2^-$, which is extremely close to the threshold, with a large interference effect. Besides, an additional state $Ξ'_c \bar{D}(1/2^-)$ is suggested to be observed as a dip structure in the $J/ψΛ$ invariant mass spectrum.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Analysing spectral lines in Gaia low-resolution spectra
Creators: name: Weiler, Michael
name: Carrasco, Josep Manel
name: Fabricius, Claus
name: Jordi, Carme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With its third data release, European Space Agency's Gaia mission publishes for the first time low resolution spectra for a large number of celestial objects. These spectra however differ in their nature from typical spectroscopic data. They do not consist of wavelength samples with associated flux values, but are represented by a linear combination of Hermite functions. We derive an approach to the study of spectral lines that is robust and efficient for spectra that are represented as a linear combination of Hermite functions. For this purpose, we combine established computational methods for orthogonal polynomials with the peculiar mathematical properties of Hermite functions and basic properties of the Gaia spectrophotometers. Particular use is made of the simple computation of derivatives of linear combinations of Hermite functions and their roots. A simple and efficient computational method for deriving the position in wavelength, the statistical significance, and the line strengths is presented for spectra represented by a linear combination of Hermite functions. The derived method is fast and robust enough to be applied to large numbers of Gaia spectra without high performance computing resources or human interaction. Example applications to hydrogen Balmer lines, He I lines, and a broad interstellar band in Gaia DR3 low resolution spectra are presented.
description: Version accepted for publication by A&A, but not yet language edited
Radial excitations of heavy-light mesons from QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Gelhausen, P.
name: Khodjamirian, A.
name: Pivovarov, A. A.
name: Rosenthal, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: QCD sum rules are commonly used to predict the characteristics of ground-state hadrons. We demonstrate that two-point sum rules for the decay constants of charmed ($D^{(*)},D_s^{(*)}$) and bottom ($B^{(*)},B_s^{(*)}$) mesons can also be modified to estimate the decay constants of the first radial excitations, $D^{(*)'},D_s^{(*)'}$ and $B^{(*)'},B_s^{(*)'}$, respectively, provided the masses of these resonances are used as an input. For the radially excited charmed mesons we use available experimental data, whereas the masses of analogous bottom mesons are estimated from the heavy-quark limit. The decay constants predicted for the radial excitations of heavy-light pseudoscalar and vector mesons are systematically smaller than those of the ground states and we comment on the possible origin of this difference. Our results can be used in the sum rule calculations of heavy-to-light form factors and in the factorization approximations for nonleptonic $B$-meson decays where the decay constants of charmed mesons enter as input parameters.
description: 16 pages, a few comments added, version to appear in EPJ C
Le développement des éoliennes en mer en France
Creators: name: Meyer, Bruno
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: L’éolien en mer a le vent en poupe. Grâce à des mâts et des pales de grandes dimensions, l’off-shore permet d’atteindre des puissances unitaires dépassant 10 MW. En outre, le vent plus fort et plus régulier offre un facteur de charge plus important que dans l’éolien terrestre, et donc permet de produire davantage d’énergie. La France a lancé son premier appel d’offres en 2011 pour de l’éolien en mer. Pourtant, dix ans plus tard, aucune éolienne off-shore industrielle n’est encore en service. Toutefois les premières éoliennes en mer devraient mises en service prochainement. Deux options sont possibles, les installations posées, dominantes, et la prometteuse filière des éoliennes flottantes.
Quantum metric on the Brillouin Zone in correlated electron systems and its relation to topology for Chern insulators
Creators: name: Kashihara, Takahiro
name: Michishita, Yoshihiro
name: Peters, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometric aspects of physics play a crucial role in modern condensed matter physics. The quantum metric is one of these geometric quantities which defines the distance on a parameter space and contributes to various physical phenomena, such as superconductivity and nonlinear conductivity. Despite its importance, the quantum metric in interacting systems is poorly understood. In this paper, we introduce a generalized quantum metric(GQM) on the Brillouin zone for correlated electron systems. This quantum metric is based on the optical conductivity that is written by single-particle Green's functions. We analytically prove that this definition is equivalent to the existing definition of the quantum metric in noninteracting systems and that it is positive semi-definite as necessary for a metric. Furthermore, we point out the relationship between the GQM and the Chern number in interacting systems. We then numerically confirm these properties of the GQM in the Qi-Wu-Zhang model with and without interaction. We believe that the GQM will be a step toward generalizing the quantum metric to the interacting regime.
description: 6 pages,6 figures
Controlling cluster synchronization by adapting the topology
Creators: name: Lehnert, Judith
name: Hövel, Philipp
name: Selivanov, Anton
name: Fradkov, Alexander
name: Schöll, Eckehard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest an adaptive control scheme for the control of zero-lag and cluster synchronization in delay-coupled networks. Based on the speed-gradient method, our scheme adapts the topology of a network such that the target state is realized. It is robust towards different initial condition as well as changes in the coupling parameters. The emerging topology is characterized by a delicate interplay of excitatory and inhibitory links leading to the stabilization of the desired cluster state. As a crucial parameter determining this interplay we identify the delay time. Furthermore, we show how to construct networks such that they exhibit not only a given cluster state but also with a given oscillation frequency. We apply our method to coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators, a paradigmatic normal form that naturally arises in an expansion of systems close to a Hopf bifurcation. The successful and robust control of this generic model opens up possible applications in a wide range of systems in physics, chemistry, technology, and life science.
Modification of three-magnon splitting in a flexed magnetic vortex
Creators: name: Körber, Lukas
name: Heins, Christopher
name: Soldatov, Ivan
name: Schäfer, Rudolf
name: Kákay, Attila
name: Schultheiss, Helmut
name: Schultheiss, Katrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental and numerical study of three-magnon splitting in a micrometer-sized magnetic disk with the vortex state strongly deformed by static in-plane magnetic fields. Excited with a large enough power at frequency $f_\mathrm{RF}$, the primary radial magnon modes of a cylindrical magnetic vortex can decay into secondary azimuthal modes via spontaneous three-magnon splitting. This nonlinear process exhibits selection rules leading to well-defined and distinct frequencies $f_\mathrm{RF}/2\pm Δf$ of the secondary modes. Here, we demonstrate that three-magnon splitting in vortices can be significantly modified by deforming the magnetic vortex with in-plane magnetic fields, leading to a much richer three-magnon response. We find that, with increasing field, an additional class of secondary modes is excited which are localized to the highly-flexed regions adjacent to the displaced vortex core. While these modes satisfy the same selection rules of three-magnon splitting, they exhibit a much lower three-magnon threshold power compared to regular secondary modes of a centered vortex. The applied static magnetic fields are small ($\simeq$ 10 mT), providing an effective parameter to control the nonlinear spectral response of confined vortices. Our work expands the understanding of nonlinear magnon dynamics in vortices and advertises these for potential neuromorphic applications based on magnons.
Behind The Veil Of Silence: An Exploratory Invistigation Into The Silence Of Female Saudi Arabian Learners Of English
Creators: name: Al-Ahmadi, Shaza T.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This mixed-methods study investigates the unexplored issue of silence in Saudi female university foreign language (EFL) classroom. Inspired by personal experiences and informed by the complexity approaches to study learner silence, I adopt an approximate replication of King’s (2013b) methodology to perform an extensive investigation of the phenomenon of learner silence in the Saudi female higher education context. To this end, a multi-site study using structured observation methodology was employed to investigate the classroom behaviour of over 500 language learners across three Saudi female universities. To effectively measure the extent of macro-level silence in these research settings, a modified version of the classroom oral participation scheme (King, 2013a,b) was developed. A total of 45 hours of data were collected using a minute-by-minute systematic sampling strategy that uncovered some startling results. Specifically, I found that over 90 % of the total observed lessons time was characterised by the learners’ silence, and an extreme lack of students’ voluntarily participation in the EFL classroom at only less than quarter of a one percent of the total lessons time. This striking quantitative evidence is further corroborated by qualitative results. My analysis of over 100,000-word of transcribed data collected in two types of qualitative interviews provided valuable insights into students’ experiences about remaining silent in their L2 educational context. Specifically, to uncover the process of learners’ thinking and to understand their feelings during silence episodes, I conducted a series of 10 stimulated recall interviews employing an event-specific focus on classroom silence. The final phase of the data collection focused on individual analysis of learners’ perspectives and fundamental beliefs about classroom silence drawing on 14 semi-structured interviews. Applying Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST) as an analytical framework, the investigation moves away from the reductionist approach of generating single cause-effect explanation of the phenomenon of Saudi female EFL learners’ silence. The study uncovered multiple interconnected factors rooted in the Saudi sociocultural and educational contexts. The results highlight the multi-dimensional nature of the seemingly simple act of not speaking and emphasize the need to view Saudi female silence as a potential veil that should be examined from the perspective of the interplay between both individual psychological factors and the environmental influences of the institutional and higher societal levels.
Les réseaux gaziers au service du développement de l’hydrogène
Comment le transporteur GRTgaz voit le développement de l’hydrogène en France et en Europe ?
Creators: name: Lacombe, Marion
name: Martin, François
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2021

description: La transition énergétique est au cœur des politiques européennes et françaises de lutte contre le changement climatique, avec pour objectif de décarboner massivement notre économie afin d’atteindre une neutralité carbone en 2050. L’hydrogène bas-carbone et renouvelable, au-delà d’être identifié comme un vecteur énergétique majeur des économies neutres en carbone, est aussi une opportunité industrielle pour la France et l’Europe. Dans cette perspective, les réseaux gaziers joueront un rôle clé pour relier une production et une consommation d’hydrogène en croissance régulière.
Variable-delay Polarization Modulators for Cryogenic Millimeter-wave Applications
Creators: name: Chuss, David T.
name: Eimer, Joseph R.
name: Fixsen, Dale J.
name: Hinderks, James
name: Kogut, Alan J.
name: Lazear, Justin
name: Mirel, Paul
name: Switzer, Eric
name: Voellmer, George M.
name: Wollack, Edward J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the design, construction, and initial validation of the variable-delay polarization modulator (VPM) designed for the PIPER cosmic microwave background polarimeter. The VPM modulates between linear and circular polarization by introducing a variable phase delay between orthogonal linear polarizations. Each VPM has a diameter of 39 cm and is engineered to operate in a cryogenic environment (1.5 K). We describe the mechanical design and performance of the kinematic double-blade flexure and drive mechanism along with the construction of the high precision wire grid polarizers.
description: 8 pages, 10 Figures, Submitted to Review of Scientific Instruments
Harmonising primary care data using international standard vocabularies for observational research
Creators: name: Farshid, Sanjay
name: Jonnagaddala, Jitendra
name: Guo, Guan
name: Wu, Mike
name: Liaw, Siaw-Teng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Vocabulary mapping
EHR
OMOP CDM
Observational Research
Primary Care

description: This poster describes the process of harmonising primary care Electronic Health Records (EHR) data by converting it into the OMOP Common Data Model (CDM). The poster discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the OMOP CDM and challenges faced during vocabulary mapping with initial results of demographics concepts mappings.

This poster was presented at HIC 2018.