Cholla Project Archaeology, Volume 4, The Tonto-Roosevelt Region
Creators: name: Brin, Adam
Publisher: name: Cultural Resource Management Division, Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Black Mesa
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3678/black-mesa
subject: Coon Creek
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/18351/coon-creek
subject: DeVore Wash
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/79990/devore-wash
subject: Cherry Creek
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/16711/cherry-creek
subject: Pinal Creek
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/82043/pinal-creek
subject: 12th Century
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/2499/12th-century
subject: 13th Century
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/3030/13th-century
subject: Pueblo III Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/152/pueblo-iii-period
subject: 14th Century
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/2552/14th-century
subject: Mogollon
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/34/mogollon
subject: Anasazi
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/84/anasazi
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Salado
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/70/salado
subject: AZ V:9:107 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/86513/az-v9107-asm
subject: AZ V:5:37 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/86484/az-v537-asm
subject: AZ V:1:4 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/86291/az-v14-asm
subject: AZ V:1:6 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/90232/az-v16-asm
subject: AZ V:5:42 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/90231/az-v542-asm
subject: AZ V:5:44 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/90233/az-v544-asm
subject: AZ V:5:35 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/86556/az-v535-asm
subject: AZ V:5:12 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/86653/az-v512-asm
subject: AZ V:5:45 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/86432/az-v545-asm
subject: AZ V:5:14 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/86752/az-v514-asm
subject: AZ V:5:49 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/86376/az-v549-asm
subject: AZ V:9:105 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/86407/az-v9105-asm
subject: AZ V:5:46 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/86571/az-v546-asm
subject: Funerary and Burial Structures or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/301/funerary-and-burial-structures-or-features
subject: Burial Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/307/burial-pit
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: Artifact Scatter
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/340/artifact-scatter
subject: Foundation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1142/foundation
subject: Slab-Lined Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1241/slab-lined-pit
subject: Pot Break
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1567/pot-break
subject: Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/256/domestic-structures
subject: Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/355/pit
subject: Courtyard
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/996/courtyard
subject: Post Hole / Post Mold
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/359/post-hole-post-mold
subject: Room Block / Compound / Pueblo
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/264/room-block-compound-pueblo
subject: Rock Alignment
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/360/rock-alignment
subject: Rock Shelter
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/265/rock-shelter
subject: Bedrock Mortar
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1354/bedrock-mortar
subject: Pollen
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/13/pollen
subject: Shell
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/14/shell
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Human Remains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/9/human-remains
subject: Macrobotanical
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/10/macrobotanical
subject: Cholla Project
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/158077/cholla-project
subject: Archaeological Mitigation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/49744/archaeological-mitigation
subject: Cholla-Saguaro Transmission Line
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/157123/cholla-saguaro-transmission-line
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Site Evaluation / Testing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/10/site-evaluation-testing
subject: Systematic Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/12/systematic-survey

description: The Arizona Public Service Cholla-Saguaro Transmission Line Mitigation Project, an undertaking as large in scope as its full title suggests, began in April of 1977. It is hereafter referred to as Cholla. The project's obvious purpose was to mitigate construction impacts to prehistoric sites along that portion of the line extending from the Cholla generating plant near the Little Colorado River to the upper drainage of Devore Wash south of Lake Roosevelt, a distance of 135 transmission-line miles. The Tonto-Roosevelt Region constitutes a geographic unit only in the sense that it labels a dispersed group of sites impacted by APS construction activities. As a region, it is not a spatially significant analytic unit. Likewise, the study areas that subdivide this region have meaning only as convenient labels for smaller groups of sites. If defined as drainages (see Gregory 1979), these study areas have the potential to structure future archaeological investigation. The study areas include, from north to south, Lower Cherry Creek, Coon Creek, Black Mesa, and Devore Wash. In this report, however, they structure the presentation of site information, and reference different areas of archaeological investigation in the Tonto-Roosevelt Region. Seventy-nine sites were identified in the Tonto-Roosevelt Region of the Cholla Project; 13 were intensively investigated. At only four of these did excavations exceed simple test pits. This small number of sites representing relatively simple occupations presented excruciating problems to the archaeological fieldwork. The seemingly straightforward mitigation of impacts to simple sites was exacerbated by conditions of the environment, the APS construction schedule, and the uncertainty with which the Arizona State Museum, National Forest Service, and APS initially coordinated efforts to comply with nascent Federal regulations. Aspects of this history bear directly upon the conduct of the archaeological research and thus provide a perspective from which to evaluate the content and structure of the research.