cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
First detection in space of the high-energy isomer of cyanomethanimine: H2CNCN
Creators: name: Andrés, David San
name: Rivilla, Víctor M.
name: Colzi, Laura
name: Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun
name: Martín-Pintado, Jesús
name: Megías, Andrés
name: López-Gallifa, Álvaro
name: Martínez-Henares, Antonio
name: Massalkhi, Sarah
name: Zeng, Shaoshan
name: Sanz-Novo, Miguel
name: Tercero, Belén
name: de Vicente, Pablo
name: Martín, Sergio
name: Requena-Torres, Miguel A.
name: Molpeceres, Germán
name: de la Concepción, Juan García
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first detection in the interstellar medium of $N$-cyanomethanimine (H$_2$CNCN), the stable dimer of HCN of highest energy, and the most complex organic molecule identified in space containing the prebiotically relevant NCN backbone. We have identified a plethora of $a$-type rotational transitions with 3 $\leq J_\text{up} \leq$ 11 and $K_\text{a} \leq$ 2 that belong to this species towards the Galactic Center G+0.693-0.027 molecular cloud, the only interstellar source showing the three cyanomethanimine isomers (including the $Z$- and $E$- isomers of $C$-cyanomethanimine, HNCHCN). We have derived a total column density for H$_2$CNCN of (2.9$\, \pm \,$0.1)$\times$10$^{12}$ cm$^{-2}$, which translates into a total molecular abundance with respect to H$_2$ of (2.1$\, \pm \,$0.3)$\times$10$^{-11}$. We have also revisited the previous detection of $E$- and $Z$-HNCHCN, and found a total $C/N$-cyanomethanimine abundance ratio of 31.8$\, \pm \,$1.8 and a $Z/E$-HNCHCN ratio of 4.5$\, \pm \,$0.2. While the latter can be explained on the basis of thermodynamic equilibrium, chemical kinetics are more likely responsible for the observed $C/N$-cyanomethanimine abundance ratio, where the gas-phase reaction between methanimine (CH$_2$NH) and the cyanogen radical (CN) arises as the primary formation route.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, 2 appendix - Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Dimension-eight Operator Basis for Universal Standard Model Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Corbett, Tyler
name: Desai, Jay
name: Eboli, O. J. P.
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the basis of dimension-eight operators associated with universal theories. We first derive a complete list of independent dimension-eight operators formed with the Standard Model bosonic fields characteristic of such universal new physics scenarios. Without imposing C or P symmetries the basis contains 175 operators -- that is, the assumption of Universality reduces the number of independent SMEFT coefficients at dimension eight from 44807 to 175. 89 of the 175 universal operators are included in the general dimension-eight operator basis in the literature. The 86 additional operators involve higher derivatives of the Standard Model bosonic fields and can be rotated in favor of operators involving fermions using the Standard Model equations of motion for the bosonic fields. By doing so we obtain the allowed fermionic operators generated in this class of models which we map into the corresponding 86 independent combinations of operators in the dimension-eight basis of Ref. arXiv:2005.00059
description: 38 pages, 9 Tables; added a new section with few examples of UV completions, typos corrected, references added
Post-Project Exploitation Plan (Publishable Summary)
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Juan Luis
name: Bath, Tristan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The Deliverable D6.7 Post-project exploitation plan contains a report of the activities conducted in WP6 to transparently identify the utility of project Results and clarify IP management aspects, such as ownership claims, protection strategies, and post-project access rights required for the development of post-project exploitation plans. Accordingly, this document outlines the steps taken to ensure that all relevant partners are aware of the rights and responsibilities to use Background and Results after end of the project. Thisreport also highlights the strategic measures adopted to ensure the post-project use of the Results. This involves identifying the further R&D initiative to scale up the Technology Readiness Level of the exploitable Results and certification roadmap toward the potential industrial application and commercialisation of demostrator products and process (See WP5 demostrators). By doing so, the consortium aims to ensure that such innovative solutions can be effectively brought to market. In addition, the report emphasises the importance of continuous collaboration and knowledge sharing among the partners, which includes maintaining open channels of communication and fostering a culture of innovation and mutual support after the end of the project. Overall, this report is submitted jointly with the deliverable D6.6 Final Report on Dissemination & Communication tools and measures and D7.3 Final Data Management Plan describing a clear framework to ensure that the project results are effectively utilized and disseminated in the future.
Development Of User-Friendly System Identification Techniques
Creators: name: Geerardyn, Egon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: system identification

description: To understand, simulate and control physical systems, good mathematical models are required.

System identification is a set of powerful tools that distill mathematical models from measurements of the physical world.

To this end, one has to:

	perform experiments to observe the system in a meaningful way,
	suppress unwanted effects and extract the features of interest from the measurements,
	fit a model to the measurements.

Unfortunately, the effective use of system identification hinges strongly on the skill of the user. This doctorate focuses on easy-to-use system identification tools.

These should allow both beginners to obtain good models, and seasoned practitioners to obtain better models with ease.

The first part of this work focuses on the design of a robust experiment.

In contrast to optimal designs, only a few assumptions about the system, e.g. the minimal damping and the frequency bands of interest, are made.

Therefore, such a constructed multisine signal can be used to measure many different systems efficiently.

The second part of this thesis describes non-parametric estimators for the frequency response function (FRF) that estimate and suppress leakage and noise effects.

Extensions of the Local Polynomial and Local Rational Method (LPM and LRM) are investigated. These approximate the input-output measurements in local frequency domain windows by either polynomial or rational models.

Such local models can be used to great effect e.g. for the flexible dynamics of mechanical structures.

 These local models have been used to obtain a more detailed view of the many resonance peaks of an active vibration isolation system than typical FRFs provide and unlike high-order models, they don’t incur laborious model-order selection.

Consequently, the measurement time and modeling effort can be reduced significantly.

The final part of the thesis considers the use of FRF smoothers to obtain better initial values to fit parametric models to the measurement data.

In particular for low signal-to-noise ratios, local modeling or regularization provide considerable improvements.

This allows users to obtain better models, even from poor measurements.
Ensemble X-Ray Variability Of Active Galactic Nuclei At Intermediate And Long Time Lags
Creators: name: Vagnetti, Fausto
name: Middei, Riccardo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Active Galactic Nuclei

description: We present a variability analysis for a sample of 2700 active galactic nuclei extracted from the latest release of the XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue. The structure function of this sample increases up to rest-frame time lags of about 5 years. Moreover, comparing observations performed by the XMM-Newton and ROSAT satellites, we are able to extend the X-ray structure function to 20 years rest-frame, showing a further increase of variability without any evidence of a plateau. Our results are compared with similar analyses in the optical band, and discussed in relation to the physical sizes of the emitting regions.
Supporting people with Motor Neuron Disease (MND) to make decisions about gastrostomy feeding tube placement: a survey of UK healthcare professionals’ practice and beliefs
Creators: name: White, Sean
name: O’Cathain, Alicia
name: Halliday, Vanessa
name: Bradburn, Michael
name: McDermott, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Understand the practice and beliefs of healthcare professionals (HCPs) supporting the decision-making of people with MND (pwMND) about gastrostomy placement, including identifying differences between professions. An online cross-sectional survey disseminated to HCPs who support the decision-making of pwMND about gastrostomy placement. A total of 139 participants completed the survey including representation from a range of healthcare professions. A third (36/101, 36%) initiated discussions about gastrostomy later in practice than they believed was ideal. In relation to the outcome of declining compared to accepting gastrostomy, participants were more likely to discuss aspiration (80% vs. 68%), choking (76% vs. 58%) and prognosis (36% vs. 22%). Participants believed gastrostomies should be placed after a mean 8.1% weight loss since symptom-onset. More participants favored gastrostomy placement before pwMND presented with respiratory symptoms (45%) compared to onset of dysphagia (11%). Half believed pwMND placed gastrostomies too late. Participants were more likely to ‘often’/‘always’ recommend pwMND to have a gastrostomy (23%) than continue without (7%) or decline (4%) gastrostomy, when believing these were the best option for pwMND. Nurses and dietitians discussed the broadest range of information, while doctors were more likely to discuss mortality risk and prognosis. There is variation in HCPs practice and beliefs about initiating discussions, the sharing of information and recommendations, and timing, about gastrostomy placement. The information shared varies by profession and there is evidence of sub-optimal communication between HCPs. Further research is required to understand how these findings may impact on the decision-making of pwMND about gastrostomy.
Instruments And Effects Of Monetary And Fiscal Policy: The Relationship Between Inflation, Vat, And Deposit Interest Rate
Creators: name: Dogdu, Ali
name: Kayacan, Murad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of VAT revenues and Deposit Interest Rates on Inflation in Turkey between 1985-2022. Within the framework of econometric analysis of the obtained data, the analysis was carried out using ADF unit root test, Johansen Co-Integration Test, Error Terms and VECM (Vector Error Correction Model) models. According to the analysis results, it was understood that the data were stationary at the I(I) level, it was determined that there was a cointegrated relationship between them in the long term, and by estimating the error term, causality findings were determined within the framework of VECM analysis. According to the causality results of the Wald Test; causality is found from Deposit Interest Rate to VAT and Inflation, and from Inflation to VAT and Deposit Interest Rate (bidirectional), while causality is also found from VAT to Inflation and Deposit Interest Rates.
description: in Turkish language
Medication use and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: using machine learning for an exposome-wide screen of a large clinical database
Creators: name: Rotem, Ran S
name: Bellavia, Andrea
name: Paganoni, Sabrina
name: Weisskopf, Marc G
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Accumulating evidence suggests that non-genetic factors have important etiologic roles in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), yet identification of specific culprit factors has been challenging. Many medications target biological pathways implicated in ALS pathogenesis, and screening large pharmacologic datasets for signals could greatly accelerate the identification of risk-modulating pharmacologic factors for ALS. We conducted a high-dimensional screening of patients’ history of medication use and ALS risk using an advanced machine learning approach based on gradient-boosted decision trees coupled with Bayesian model optimization and repeated data sampling. Clinical and medication dispensing data were obtained from a large Israeli health fund for 501 ALS cases and 4,998 matched controls using a lag period of 3 or 5 years prior to ALS diagnosis for ascertaining medication exposure. Of over 1,000 different medication classes, we identified 8 classes that were consistently associated with increased ALS risk across independently trained models, where most are indicated for control of symptoms implicated in ALS. Some suggestive protective effects were also observed, notably for vitamin E. Our results indicate that use of certain medications well before the typically recognized prodromal period was associated with ALS risk. This could result because these medications increase ALS risk or could indicate that ALS symptoms can manifest well before suggested prodromal periods. The results also provide further evidence that vitamin E may be a protective factor for ALS. Targeted studies should be performed to elucidate the possible pathophysiological mechanisms while providing insights for therapeutics design.
Critical behavior of dirty parafermionic chains
Creators: name: Pandey, Akshat
name: Cowsik, Aditya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A family of $\mathbb Z_n$-symmetric non-Hermitian models of Baxter was shown by Fendley to be exactly solvable via a parafermionic generalization of the Clifford algebra. We study these models with spatially random couplings, and obtain several exact results on thermodynamic singularities as the distributions of couplings are varied. We find that these singularities, independent of $n$, are identical to those in the random transverse-field Ising chain; correspondingly the models host infinite-randomness critical points. Similarities in structure to exact methods for random Ising models, a strong-disorder renormalization group, and generalizations to other models with free spectra, are discussed.
Barjols, atelier Fabre, fabrication d'un tambourin, humidification des planches encollées avec une éponge
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Digital markers of motor speech impairments in spontaneous speech of patients with ALS-FTD spectrum disorders
Creators: name: Shellikeri, Sanjana
name: Cho, Sunghye
name: Ash, Sharon
name: Gonzalez-Recober, Carmen
name: Mcmillan, Corey T.
name: Elman, Lauren
name: Quinn, Colin
name: Amado, Defne A.
name: Baer, Michael
name: Irwin, David J.
name: Massimo, Lauren
name: Olm, Christopher A.
name: Liberman, Mark Y.
name: Grossman, Murray
name: Nevler, Naomi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology

description: To evaluate automated digital speech measures, derived from spontaneous speech (picture descriptions), in assessing bulbar motor impairments in patients with ALS-FTD spectrum disorders (ALS-FTSD). Automated vowel algorithms were employed to extract two vowel acoustic measures: vowel space area (VSA), and mean second formant slope (F2 slope). Vowel measures were compared between ALS with and without clinical bulbar symptoms (ALS + bulbar (n = 49, ALSFRS-r bulbar subscore: x¯ = 9.8 (SD = 1.7)) vs. ALS-nonbulbar (n = 23), behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD, n = 25) without a motor syndrome, and healthy controls (HC, n = 32). Correlations with bulbar motor clinical scales, perceived listener effort, and MRI cortical thickness of the orobuccal primary motor cortex (oral PMC) were examined. We compared vowel measures to speaking rate, a conventional metric for assessing bulbar dysfunction. ALS + bulbar had significantly reduced VSA and F2 slope than ALS-nonbulbar (|d|=0.94 and |d|=1.04, respectively), bvFTD (|d|=0.89 and |d|=1.47), and HC (|d|=0.73 and |d|=0.99). These reductions correlated with worse bulbar clinical scores (VSA: R = 0.33, p = 0.043; F2 slope: R = 0.38, p = 0.011), greater listener effort (VSA: R=-0.43, p = 0.041; F2 slope: p > 0.05), and cortical thinning in oral PMC (F2 slope: β = 0.0026, p = 0.017). Vowel measures demonstrated greater sensitivity and specificity for bulbar impairment than speaking rate, while showing independence from cognitive and respiratory impairments. Automatic vowel measures are easily derived from a brief spontaneous speech sample, are sensitive to mild-moderate stage of bulbar disease in ALS-FTSD, and may present better sensitivity to bulbar impairment compared to traditional assessments such as speaking rate.
Moiré superlattices of antimonene on a Bi(111) substrate with van Hove singularity and Rashba-type spin polarization
Creators: name: Nakamura, Tomonori
name: Chen, Yitao
name: Nemoto, Ryohei
name: Qian, Wenxuan
name: Fukushima, Yuto
name: Kawaguchi, Kaishu
name: Mori, Ryo
name: Kondo, Takeshi
name: Yamaji, Youhei
name: Tsuda, Shunsuke
name: Yaji, Koichiro
name: Uchihashi, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Moiré superlattices consisting of two-dimensional materials have attracted immense attention because of emergent phenomena such as flat band-induced Mott insulating states and unconventional superconductivity. However, the effects of spin-orbit coupling on these materials have not yet been fully explored. Here, we show that single- and double-bilayer antimony honeycomb lattices, referred to as antimonene, form moiré superlattices on a Bi(111) substrate due to lattice mismatch. Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) measurements reveal the presence of spectral peaks near the Fermi level, which are spatially modulated with the moiré period. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) combined with density functional theory calculations clarify the surface band structure with saddle points near the Fermi level, which allows us to attribute the observed STM spectral peaks to the van Hove singularity. Moreover, spin-resolved ARPES measurements reveal that the observed surface states are Rashba-type spin-polarized. The present work has significant implications in that Fermi surface instability and symmetry breaking may emerge at low temperatures, where the spin degree of freedom and electron correlation also play important roles.
description: 37 pages including Supplementary Information
Explicit constructions of Diophantine tuples over finite fields
Creators: name: Kim, Seoyoung
name: Yip, Chi Hoi
name: Yoo, Semin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D72, 11D45, 11T24, 11B83

description: A Diophantine $m$-tuple over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ is a set $\{a_1,\ldots, a_m\}$ of $m$ distinct elements in $\mathbb{F}_{q}^{*}$ such that $a_{i}a_{j}+1$ is a square in $\mathbb{F}_q$ whenever $i\neq j$. In this paper, we study $M(q)$, the maximum size of a Diophantine tuple over $\mathbb{F}_q$, assuming the characteristic of $\mathbb{F}_q$ is fixed and $q \to \infty$. By explicit constructions, we improve the lower bound on $M(q)$. In particular, this improves a recent result of Dujella and Kazalicki by a multiplicative factor.
description: 9 pages
Improving the measurement properties of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R): deriving a valid measurement total for the calculation of change
Creators: name: Young, Carolyn A
name: Chaouch, Amina
name: Mcdermott, Christopher J
name: Al-Chalabi, Ammar
name: Chhetri, Suresh K
name: Talbot, Kevin
name: Malaspina, Andrea
name: Mills, Roger
name: Tennant, Alan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Hematology

description: The Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) total score is a widely used measure of functional status in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Motor Neuron Disease (ALS), but recent evidence has raised doubts about its validity. The objective was to examine the measurement properties of the ALSFRS-R, aiming to produce valid measurement from all 12 scale items. Longitudinal ALSFRS-R data were collected between 2013-2020 from 1120 people with ALS recruited from 35 centers, together with other scales in the Trajectories of Outcomes in Neurological Conditions-ALS (TONiC-ALS) study. The ALSFRS-R was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Rasch Analysis (RA) and Mokken scaling. No definite factor structure of the ALSFRS-R was confirmed by CFA. RA revealed the raw score total to be invalid even at the ordinal level because of multidimensionality; valid interval level subscale measures could be found for the Bulbar, Fine-Motor and Gross-Motor domains but the Respiratory domain was only valid at an ordinal level. All four domains resolved into a single valid, interval level measure by using a bifactor RA. The smallest detectable difference was 10.4% of the range of the interval scale. A total ALSFRS-R ordinal raw score can lead to inferential bias in clinical trial results due to its non-linear nature. On the interval level transformation, more than 5 points difference is required before a statistically significant detectable difference can be observed. Transformation to interval level data should be mandatory in clinical trials.
Mourre theory and spectral analysis of energy-momentum operators in relativistic quantum field theory
Creators: name: Kruse, Janik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Q10

description: A central task of theoretical physics is to analyse spectral properties of quantum mechanical observables. In this endeavour, Mourre's conjugate operator method emerged as an effective tool in the spectral theory of Schrödinger operators. This paper introduces a novel class of examples from relativistic quantum field theory that are amenable to Mourre's method. By assuming Lorentz covariance and the spectrum condition, we derive a limiting absorption principle for the energy-momentum operators and provide new proofs of the absolute continuity of the energy-momentum spectra. Moreover, under the assumption of dilation covariance, we show that the spectrum of the relativistic mass operator is purely absolutely continuous in $(0,\infty)$.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Time from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis symptom onset to key disease milestones: analysis of data from a multinational cross-sectional survey
Creators: name: Gebrehiwet, Paulos
name: Brekke, Johan
name: Rudnicki, Stacy A.
name: Mellor, Jennifer
name: Wright, Jack
name: Earl, Lucy
name: Ball, Nathan
name: Iqbal, Halima
name: Thomas, Owen
name: Castellano, Giorgio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: To determine the average time from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) symptom onset to 11 pre-defined milestones, overall and according to ALS progression rate and geographic location. Data were drawn from the Adelphi Real World ALS Disease-Specific ProgrammeTM, a point-in-time survey of neurologists caring for people living with ALS (pALS) conducted in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States from 2020–2021. ALS progression rate was calculated using time since symptom onset and ALS Functional Rating Scale Revised score. Survey results were available for N = 1003 pALS (progression rate for N = 867). Mean time from symptom onset was 3.8 months to first consultation, 8.0 months to diagnosis, 16.2 months to employment change (part-time/sick leave/retirement/unemployment), 17.5 months to use of a walking aid, 18.5 months to first occurrence of caregiver support, 22.8 months to use of a wheelchair, 24.6 months to use of a communication aid, 27.3 months to use of a respiratory aid, 28.6 months to use of gastrostomy feeding, 29.7 months to use of eye gaze technology and 30.3 months to entering a care facility. Multivariate analysis indicated significant effects of fast (versus slow) progression rate on time to reach all 11 milestones, as well as US (versus European) location, age, body mass index and bulbar onset (versus other) on time to reach milestones. pALS rapidly reached clinical and disease-related milestones within 30 months from symptom onset. Milestones were reached significantly faster by pALS with fast versus slow progression. Geographic differences were observed.
Designing Fluid-Exuding Cartilage for Biomimetic Robots Mimicking Human Joint Lubrication Function
Creators: name: Miki, Akihiro
name: Sahara, Yuta
name: Miyama, Kazuhiro
name: Yoshimura, Shunnosuke
name: Ribayashi, Yoshimoto
name: Hasegawa, Shun
name: Kawaharazuka, Kento
name: Okada, Kei
name: Inaba, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The human joint is an open-type joint composed of bones, cartilage, ligaments, synovial fluid, and joint capsule, having advantages of flexibility and impact resistance. However, replicating this structure in robots introduces friction challenges due to the absence of bearings. To address this, our study focuses on mimicking the fluid-exuding function of human cartilage. We employ a rubber-based 3D printing technique combined with absorbent materials to create a versatile and easily designed cartilage sheet for biomimetic robots. We evaluate both the fluid-exuding function and friction coefficient of the fabricated flat cartilage sheet. Furthermore, we practically create a piece of curved cartilage and an open-type biomimetic ball joint in combination with bones, ligaments, synovial fluid, and joint capsule to demonstrate the utility of the proposed cartilage sheet in the construction of such joints.
description: Accepted at RoboSoft2024
Fully quantum arbitrarily varying channel coding for entanglement-assisted communication
Creators: name: Belzig, Paula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If a sender and a receiver lack precise knowledge about the communication line that connects them, designing a scheme to reliably transmit information becomes more challenging. This has been studied in classical and quantum information theory in the context of compound channel models and arbitrarily varying channel models. However, a fully quantum version of system uncertainty allows for an even more challenging coding scenario with entangled channel uses. This type of model has previously been investigated for classical and quantum capacity. Here, we address the problem of entanglement-assisted capacity in the presence of such system uncertainty. We find that, under the assumption of a finite environment dimension, it is equal to a corresponding compound capacity. Intriguingly, our results imply that in certain fully quantum arbitrarily varying channel models, the entanglement-assisted capacity can be positive while the classical capacity is equal to zero, a phenomenon that does not occur in regular single-channel coding.
description: To be presented at ISIT 2024
ALSFRS-R decline rate prior to baseline is not useful for stratifying subsequent progression of functional decline
Creators: name: Hamatani, Tatsuto
name: Atsuta, Naoki
name: Sano, Fumiya
name: Nakamura, Ryoichi
name: Hayashi, Yukikazu
name: Sobue, Gen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: One of the difficulties in developing a novel drug for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the significant variation in the clinical course. To control this variation, a 12-week run-in period is used in some clinical trials. Based on the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale Revised (ALSFRS-R) change during the run-in period, only moderate progressors are selected in some clinical trials. Some reports showed that the ALSFRS-R progression rate was associated with survival. However, it is unclear whether the ALSFRS-R change in the run-in period is a useful prognostic factor of the ALSFRS-R change from baseline. In addition, we explore the inclusion criteria that could control the variability in ALS-function progression without setting a run-in period. We utilized the Japanese and US ALS registry databases (JaCALS and PRO-ACT). Patients were classified into three populations (rapid, moderate, and slow progressors) based on the ALSFRS-R change prior to baseline. We also classified patients into three prognostic populations based on the ALSFRS-R change from baseline. We confirmed whether each of the three populations were matched with their respective three prognostic populations. Our data showed that the three groups classified by the ALSFRS-R change during the 12 weeks prior to baseline or by the rate of progression from onset to baseline did not accord with the three prognostic groups. Our results showed that the ALSFRS-R change in the run-in period or from onset to baseline is not useful for stratifying subsequent progression of functional decline in clinical trials.
Emulating generator coordinate method with extended eigenvector continuation: Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model
Creators: name: Luo, Q. Y.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Chen, L. H.
name: Yao, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a benchmark study of generator coordinate method (GCM) combined with eigenvector continuation (EC) in two different schemes for the low-lying states of Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick (LMG) model, where the interaction strength is treated as a controlling parameter, simulating quantum many-body systems with the phase transition from non-collective to collective states. We demonstrate that the EC$_{\rm kmax}$ scheme accurately reproduces the low-lying states of the LMG model. In this scheme, the EC basis consists of the wave functions of low-lying states up to the $k_{\rm max}$-th state of sampling Hamiltonians. Compared to EC$_1$, which only includes the wave functions of the $k$-th state of sampling Hamiltonians for the $k$-th state of a target Hamiltonian, the EC$_{\rm kmax}$ scheme exhibits significantly improved efficiency and accuracy. This study suggests the potential utilization of the extended EC scheme as an efficient emulator for GCM calculations.
description: 9 pages with 12 figures
Prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients after tracheostomy invasive ventilation in Korea
Creators: name: Kim, Jong-Su
name: Park, Minae
name: Park, Sojeong
name: Chae, Juhee
name: Hong, Yoon-Ho
name: Park, Kyung Seok
name: Sung, Jung-Joon
name: Choi, Seok-Jin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Background: Tracheostomy invasive ventilation (TIV) is applied to a subset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients; however, its frequency and impact on prognosis vary across countries. Methods: We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study using Korean National Health Insurance claims data. All patients diagnosed with sporadic ALS from 2012 to 2017 were included, with the observation period until 2020. The survival time between the TIV and non-TIV groups was compared using propensity score matching analysis, and prognostic factors were assessed within the TIV group. Results: This study included 3484 ALS patients (mean [standard deviation] age, 62.4 [11.9] years, 60.4% male), among whom 1230 (35.3%) underwent TIV. After 1:1 propensity score matching, the survival duration between the two groups was not significantly different (28 vs. 25 months, p = 0.057). Cox regression indicated that older age (hazard ratios [HRs] for each decade compared to <40 years: 3.89, 3.83, 5.30, 6.78, and 8.40 [≥80 years]; p < 0.005 for all) and lower income (HR, 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–1.52; p = 0.003) negatively impacted survival, while gastrostomy (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.50–0.66; p < 0.001) and supportive care services (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.32–0.59; p < 0.001) were associated with prolonged survival. Conclusions: TIV was administered to more than one-third of Korean ALS patients without significant survival prolongation. Older age, lower income, lack of gastrostomy, and insufficient supportive care were independent poor prognostic factors for survival, underscoring the importance of comprehensive management for ALS patients.
Organisational culture in ‘better’ group homes for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities in England: A qualitative study
Creators: name: Fox, D
name: Beadle-Brown, J
name: Bradshaw, J
name: Bigby, Christine
name: Richardson, L
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5204
subject: Cognitive and computational psychology
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology
classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5201
subject: Applied and developmental psychology

description: Background: Previous research identifies organisational culture as one of a number of factors associated with the quality of life outcomes of group home residents' with intellectual and developmental disabilities. This study aims to elaborate on the dimensions of group home culture in settings in England. Method: Participant observations and semi-structured interviews with staff were carried out in two group homes. Field-notes, interview notes and transcripts were analysed using inductive thematic analysis by a researcher naïve to the project and the previous literature. Initial coding was re-examined after sensitisation to theorised models in previous literature to identify the most parsimonious fit. The two settings were rated and compared using a five-point Likert scale for each of the dimensions. Results: The findings describe group home culture across seven dimensions. There were mixed ratings across the different dimensions reflecting inconsistencies in culture that were reflected in staff practice. The challenge in assigning a global rating of culture in group homes, which includes interactions across multiple staff and multiple residents over time, was highlighted. Conclusion: The development of an observational measure of culture is highlighted as potentially helpful in understanding and responding to culture in services for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
title: Ancillary benefits of GHG abatement policies in developing countries: a literature survey
Creators: name: Ravetti, Chiara
name: Swanson, Timothy M
name: Quan, Mu
name: Xie, X.
name: Zhang, Shiqiu
Publisher: name: Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/007ygn379
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2014

description: CIES Research Paper ; no. 26
Enhancing biological activities and phenolic content of wild grapevine roots by severe drought stress
Creators: name: Daldoul, Samia
name: Hanzouli, Faouzia
name: Fares, Nadia
name: Tabbene, Olfa
name: Zemni, Hassène
name: Vincenzi, Simone
name: Mliki, Ahmed
name: Gargouri, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Wild grapevines are a rich source of polyphenolic compounds. Various environmental factors can influence these bioactive metabolites, contributing to stress mitigation and adaptation. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of prolonged drought stress on the accumulation of phytochemicals, antioxidants, and antimicrobial activity in the roots of the endangered Tunisian wild grapevine (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris) "Tebaba" genotype. The results revealed that under prolonged drought stress, there was a significant increase in total phenolic compounds, total flavonoid content, and stilbenes, which showed a positive and significant correlation with the total antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the ethanolic extracts demonstrated an enhanced in vitro antibacterial effect against selected human pathogenic bacterial strains, including Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values, relative to prolonged drought stress, ranged from 125 to 250 µg/mL. The values of the ratio between MBC and the MIC showed that the activity of the root extract was bactericidal in all cases (MBC/MIC ≤ 2). This study highlights the potential of wild grapevine roots enriched with drought-inducible phenolic compounds, as a promising source of antimicrobial agents relevant to human health applications.
Strengthening the third pillar of Rutgers University: exploring practical institutional self-assessment and data collection practices in support of a public service mission
Creators: name: Pelham, Mark Allen
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2024

description: This dissertation intends to inform self-assessment and data collection practices within Rutgers University and act upon the encouragement of university leadership to advance the potential of the public service mission. These goals are accomplished by exploring relevant questions to inform the practices of institutional research (IR) and institutional effectiveness (IE) professionals. These questions include ●What IR and IE pursuits would have the most significant impact on supporting the long-term growth and success of Rutgers’ public service initiatives? ●What data and measures can be utilized for tracking institutional performance and stakeholder activities vis-à-vis Rutgers’ public service mission? Several additional supporting questions provide further areas of exploration (see Appendix B). Using a qualitative design, this research combines interview feedback from within and outside of Rutgers University, as well as evidence and data from publicly available research, publications, and secondary sources. Ultimately, this evidence informs the design of a dissertation writeup that conforms to a problem of practice dissertation standard and addresses challenges within a particular professional context with practical practice and policy proposals. This research asserts that if we evolve an IR culture, we can better understand ourselves as an ongoing supporter of public service and community engagement. IR offices can also explore what data, measures, and assessments can be employed for tracking institutional performance and stakeholder activities vis-à-vis a public service mission. This dissertation also offers several larger practice and policy recommendations, including connecting equity and social mobility ideals to its public service mission, evolving the university’s bureaucratic structures to support public and community engagement, and developing a university-wide expectation that every school and unit identifies how they engage with the public.
Hot Coronae In Nearby Seyfert Galaxies
Creators: name: Tortosa, Alessia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Active Galactic Nuclei

description: The primary X-ray emission in AGN is believed to be produced by Comptonization of optical/UV disk photons scattered up to the X-ray band by a hot corona located above the accretion disk. The emitted spectrum is, at the first order, a power-law with a high-energy cutoff, where the photon index and the cutoff energy are directly related to the temperature and to the optical depth of the plasma of hot electrons responsible for the inverse Compton scattering.

To investigate the physical properties of the corona and provide constraints on its parameters, we have studied the broad band spectra of a sample of local Seyfert galaxies observed with NuSTAR (in coordination with XMM-Newton, Suzaku or Swift). We will discuss the general properties of the sample, and show a few particularly interesting cases.
The Quasar Catalogue for S-PLUS DR4 (QuCatS) and the estimation of photometric redshifts
Creators: name: Nakazono, L.
name: Valença, R. R.
name: Soares, G.
name: Izbicki, R.
name: Ivezić, Ž.
name: Lima, E. V. R.
name: Hirata, N. S. T.
name: Sodré, L.
name: Overzier, R.
name: Almeida-Fernandes, F.
name: Schwarz, G. B. Oliveira
name: Schoenell, W.
name: Kanaan, A.
name: Ribeiro, T.
name: de Oliveira, C. Mendes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The advent of massive broad-band photometric surveys enabled photometric redshift estimates for unprecedented numbers of galaxies and quasars. These estimates can be improved using better algorithms or by obtaining complementary data such as narrow-band photometry, and broad-band photometry over an extended wavelength range. We investigate the impact of both approaches on photometric redshifts for quasars using data from Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS) DR4, Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) DR6/7, and the unWISE catalog for the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) in three machine learning methods: Random Forest, Flexible Conditional Density Estimation (FlexCoDE), and Bayesian Mixture Density Network (BMDN). Including narrow-band photometry improves the root-mean-square error by 11% in comparison to a model trained with only broad-band photometry. Narrow-band information only provided an improvement of 3.8% when GALEX and WISE colours were included. Thus narrow bands play a more important role for objects that do not have GALEX or WISE counterparts, which respectively makes 92% and 25% of S-PLUS data considered here. Nevertheless, the inclusion of narrow-band information provided better estimates of the probability density functions obtained with FlexCoDE and BMDN. We publicly release a value-added catalogue of photometrically selected quasars with the photo-z predictions from all methods studied here. The catalogue provided with this work covers the S-PLUS DR4 area (~3000deg$^2$), containing 645 980, 244 912, 144 991 sources with the probability of being a quasar higher than, 80%, 90%, 95% up to r < 21.3 and good photometry quality in the detection image. More quasar candidates can be retrieved from the S-PLUS data base by considering less restrictive selection criteria.
Additional file 1 of Phenotypic variation and genome-wide association studies of main culm panicle node number, maximum node production rate, and degree-days to heading in rice
Creators: name: Sanchez, Darlene L.
name: Samonte, Stanley Omar PB.
name: Alpuerto, Jasper Benedict B.
name: Croaker, Peyton A.
name: Morales, Karina Y.
name: Yang, Yubin
name: Wilson, Lloyd T.
name: Tabien, Rodante E.
name: Yan, Zongbu
name: Thomson, Michael J.
name: Septiningsih, Endang M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional File 1. Supplementary Figures
Porophyllum sp. pl. (Asteraceae): chemical compounds obtained by hydrodistillation and supercritical CO2 extraction procedures
Creators: name: de Carvalho Maia, Iana
name: Vestena, Angelica Signor
name: Bordignon, Sérgio
name: Cassel, Eduardo
name: Vargas, Rubem M. F.
name: Apel, Miriam A.
name: von Poser, Gilsane Lino
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Species of Porophyllum are characterized by the presence of essential oils, with reports of the occurrence of thiophenes. Essential oils have most often been obtained by hydrodistillation while thiophenes are isolated from nonpolar extracts and also by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). In this study, essential oils from P. ruderale, P. lanceolatum, P. angustissimum and P. curticeps were obtained by hydrodistillation. Porophyllum lanceolatum, collected in greater quantity, was subjected to SFE under different pressures (90–250 bar). Except for P. lanceolatum, which showed high levels of aldehydes such as decanal (60.24%) and dodecadienal (12.14%), all species were rich in hydrocarbon monoterpenes. The fraction obtained by SFE at 90 bar, when analyzed by GC/MS, presented monoterpenes, with limonene as the main component (22.58%) while decanal constituted only 3% of the sample. All the fractions obtained by supercritical extraction contained compounds with chromatographic profile of thiophenes. The compounds, distinguished by intense fluorescence, were isolated by planar circular chromatography and subjected to 1H NMR analyses. The spectra exhibited the characteristic signals of thiophenes. The mass spectra also presented the fragments expected for these compounds. The present data confirm this genus as a producer of potentially active molecules that deserve deeper studies.