cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The role of translation equivalents in bilingual word learning
Creators: name: Tan, Alvin W. M.
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Bilingualism in children
subject: Learning
subject: Language acquisition

description: Bilingual environments present an interesting context for word learning, notably due to the existence of translation equivalents (TEs)—words in different languages that share very similar meanings. Understanding how these TEs are learnt may give us insight into mechanisms underlying word learning in young children. In Study 1, we investigated this by conducting a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of TEs in children's vocabularies, finding significant variability with age as a moderator. In Study 2, we then conducted an analysis of Communicative Development Inventory (CDI) data from bilingual children, finding that older children and children with more balanced language exposure had a higher proportion of TE pairs in their vocabularies. However, both of these approaches were susceptible to the baseline problem—the potential confound of overall vocabulary growth (which would lead to a greater set of opportunities for learning TEs). Hence, in Study 3, we moved to an item-level analysis, finding that knowing a word's TE increased the likelihood of knowing that word itself for younger children, and for TEs that are more similar phonologically. Thus, TEs provide an alternative source of information for younger children, thereby allowing bilingual children to bootstrap their word learning in one language using their knowledge of the other language.
Odd Correlations and their Gravitational Duals in the SYK Model
Creators: name: Abdalla, Ahmed
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: SYK
subject: JT
subject: Jackiw-Teitelboim
subject: Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev
subject: Quantum gravity

description: We investigate two-point correlation functions on the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model. SYK describes a system of N-Majorana fermions with random all-to-all q-couplings. In the low energy limit SYK becomes a nearly conformal theory (NCFT), which in turn has an approximate holographic dual in a nearly AdS2 or NAdS2 spacetime described by Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity. Drawing on black hole information theory guides the addition of various topological effects in the genus expansion for thermal expectation values. We compare these expected results with numerical simulations of two-point correlations for varying values of N mod 8. We see that previous correlation calculations almost perfectly account for all numeric phenomena save for an anomalous bump in the N = 4 mod 8 case and an unexpectedly high correlation plateau for N = 3 mod 8. These calculations imply the need to include higher order topologies when calculating boundary observables.
Virtual water controlled demographic growth of nations
Creators: name: Suweis, Samir
name: Rinaldo, Andrea
name: Maritan, Amos
name: D'Odorico, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Population growth is in general constrained by food production, which in turn depends on the access to water resources. At a country level, some populations use more water than they control because of their ability to import food and the virtual water required for its production. Here, we investigate the dependence of demographic growth on available water resources for exporting and importing nations. By quantifying the carrying capacity of nations based on calculations of the virtual water available through the food trade network, we point to the existence of a global water unbalance. We suggest that current export rates will not be maintained and consequently we question the long-run sustainability of the food trade system as a whole. Water rich regions are likely to soon reduce the amount of virtual water they export, thus leaving import-dependent regions without enough water to sustain their populations. We also investigate the potential impact of possible scenarios that might mitigate these effects through (1) cooperative interactions among nations whereby water rich countries maintain a tiny fraction of their food production available for export; (2) changes in consumption patterns; and (3) a positive feedback between demographic growth and technological innovations. We find that these strategies may indeed reduce the vulnerability of water-controlled societies.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
The Effects of Post-Wildfire Soil Microbial Communities on Coast Redwood Seed Germination
Creators: name: Villa, Lydia
name: Peay, Kabir
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biology
Wildfire Ecology
Mycology

description: Wildfires in California and the Western United States are increasing in size, frequency, and severity due to colonial fire suppression and climate change. As these catastrophic fires typically result in full-stand replacement, soil microbial communities, and specifically symbiotic fungi, may hold the key to understanding if and how these forests may recover. A high-profile megafire recently burned some of the last remaining old-growth coast redwood forests at the southern extent of their range. While fire is a naturally-occurring and well-studied phenomenon in these ecosystems, there is an important gap in our understanding of the microbial component of post-fire seedling germination dynamics. Germination is a critical stage of forest recovery after a fire, as trees race to access newly available resources including nutrients, water, and sunlight. Elucidating how post-fire microbial communities contribute to dynamics of seedling germination and therefore fire recovery will be critical in understanding and predicting post-fire tree recruitment. We germinated both coast redwood and Douglas fir (a co-dominant competitor species) seeds in live and sterile soil collected across a gradient of burn severities in Big Basin State Park to test the role of post-fire microbial communities on seedling germination. We found that regardless of burn severity or microbial treatment, the total percentage of seed germinated remained the same for both species with Douglas firs having a higher total percentage of germination than coast redwoods. However the rate of germination increased for coast redwoods in both burned soils and soils with live microbial communities. Douglas fir germination rates were also affected, increasing in live soil community and varying amongst burn severities. Our results suggest that symbiotic fungi and microbial communities as a whole play an important role in the rates of regeneration of multiple species in coast redwood forests after wildfire. Seed germination is often overlooked in greenhouse studies, and these results provide evidence that soil microbes and burn severity interact to influence early stage recruitment in coast redwood forests. This study contributes to our understanding of how wildfire may threaten the already shrinking range of coast redwoods and makes predictions about how soil microbes might affect the long-term trajectory of these forests in the wake of recent megafires.
High velocity outflows from young star-forming galaxies in the UKIDSS Ultra-Deep Survey
Creators: name: Bradshaw, E. J.
name: Almaini, O.
name: Hartley, W. G.
name: Smith, K. T.
name: Conselice, C. J.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
name: Simpson, C.
name: Chuter, R. W.
name: Cirasuolo, M.
name: Foucaud, S.
name: McLure, R. J.
name: Mortlock, A.
name: Pearce, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate galactic-scale outflows in the redshift range 0.71 < z < 1.63, using 413 K-band selected galaxies observed in the spectroscopic follow-up of the UKIDSS Ultra-Deep Survey (UDSz). The galaxies have an average stellar mass of ~10^9.5 solar masses and span a wide range in rest-frame colours, representing typical star-forming galaxies at this epoch. We stack the spectra by various galaxy properties, including stellar mass, [OII] equivalent width, star-formation rate, specific star-formation rate and rest-frame spectral indices. We find that outflows are present in virtually all spectral stacks, with velocities ranging from 100-1000 km s^-1, indicating that large-scale outflowing winds are a common property at these redshifts. The highest velocity outflows (>500 km s^-1) are found in galaxies with the highest stellar masses and the youngest stellar populations. Our findings suggest that high velocity galactic outflows are mostly driven by star-forming processes rather than AGN, with implied mass outflow rates comparable to the rates of star formation. Such behaviour is consistent with models required to reproduce the high-redshift mass-metallicity relation.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures, accepted by MNRAS
“What Does Support Look Like For You Today?": Designing Learning Containers for K-12 Instructional Leaders
Creators: name: Strong, Savannah
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Educational Partnerships Program (U.S.)
subject: organizational leadership
subject: design thinking
subject: Stanford d.school

description: This field project supported the work of PhD student, Kemi Oyewole, who conducted a research-practice-partnership with a group of Bay Area-based K-12 instructional leaders. The final deliverable comprised a design workshop and retreat during which participants were given space to reflect on group learnings from the 2021-22 academic year, recharge at the end of their 3rd year of pandemic teaching, engage in mutual learning with POLS students, activate their learnings through a workshop with d.school professors, and dream expansively about what the future of their network will look like. While the final deliverable for this project was the retreat itself, the following article constitutes the author's reflections surrounding the experience of organizing and hosting it.
Ulysses Kay with other members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Composers
African American composers

description: Ulysses Kay was elected as a member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters in 1979. He is shown here in this photograph taken in the early 1990s, sitting to the right of his former teacher at Columbia, Otto Luening, and with Jack Beeson standing just above him, to the right.
Overcoming the Barriers to Accreditation in the Food & Drink Manufacturing Sector in Wales: A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Evans, Ellen W.
name: Lacey, Jessica
name: Taylor, Helen R.
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supporting small Welsh food and drink manufacturing businesses to obtain food safety certification will help to ensure the safety, security and integrity of the food supply chain, as well as enable growth of the food industry in Wales. The Food Innovation Wales “Barriers to Accreditation” report identified the potential barriers for Welsh manufacturers in obtaining certification. Although other research studies have identified potential barriers, few have explored suitable support mechanisms. None have implemented interventions to overcome barriers. The purpose of this pilot project was to determine the most appropriate and effective way to support small manufacturing businesses in Wales in gaining certification. The development of the bespoke support package was informed by industry-based research and was delivered by experienced Food Innovation Wales technologists.
Dynamical Spin Injection into p-type Germanium at Room Temperature
Creators: name: Koike, Mariko
name: Shikoh, Eiji
name: Ando, Yuichiro
name: Shinjo, Teruya
name: Yamada, Shinya
name: Hamaya, Kohei
name: Shiraishi, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate dynamical spin injection into p-type germanium (Ge) at room temperature (RT) using spin pumping. The generated pure spin current is converted to a charge current by the inverse spin-Hall effect (ISHE) arising in the p-type Ge sample. A clear electromotive force due to the ISHE is detected at RT. The spin-Hall angle for p-type Ge is estimated to be θSHE = 2.6x10-3 at RT, which is much larger than that for p-type Si.
description: 14 Pages, 3 Figures, 1 Table (To appear in Applied Physics Express)
Quadrature phase interferometer for high resolution force spectroscopy
Creators: name: Paolino, Pierdomenico
name: Sandoval, Felipe A. Aguilar
name: Bellon, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we present a deflection measurement setup for Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). It is based on a quadrature phase differential interferometer: we measure the optical path difference between a laser beam reflecting above the cantilever tip and a reference beam reflecting on the static base of the sensor. A design with very low environmental susceptibility and another allowing calibrated measurements on a wide spectral range are described. Both enable a very high resolution (down to $\SI{2.5E-15}{m/\sqrt{Hz}}$), illustrated by thermal noise measurements on AFM cantilevers. They present an excellent long-term stability, and a constant sensitivity independent of the optical phase of the interferometer. A quick review shows that our precision is equaling or out-performing the best results reported in the literature, but for a much larger deflection range, up to a few $\SI{}{\micro m}$.
Fabrication of paper-based microfluidic devices for animal disease detection
Creators: name: Streethran, Nithiya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: lab-on-a-chip
biomedical applications
computer-aided design
microfluidics
disease diagnostics
point-of-care

description: Fabrication of paper-based microfluidic devices for animal disease detection
by Nithiya Streethran (nmstreethran@gmail.com)
This was my undergraduate honours project at Heriot-Watt University.
https://github.com/nmstreethran/paper-based-microfluidics
Fabrication of paper-based microfluidic devices for animal disease detection
Creators: name: Streethran, Nithiya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: lab-on-a-chip
microfluidics
biomedical applications
diagnostics

description: Fabrication of paper-based microfluidic devices for animal disease detection

This was my undergraduate honours project at Heriot-Watt University, submitted April 2016.

https://github.com/nmstreethran/paper-based-microfluidics
Circle maps and C*-algebras
Creators: name: Schmidt, Thomas L.
name: Thomsen, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a construction of C*-algebras from continuous piecewise monotone maps on the circle which generalizes the crossed product construction for homeomorphisms and more generally the construction of Renault, Deaconu and Anantharaman-Delaroche for local homeomorphisms. Assuming that the map is surjective and not locally injective we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the simplicity of the C*-algebra and show that it is then a Kirchberg algebra. We provide tools for the calculation of the K-theory groups and turn them into an algorithmic method for Markov maps.
description: 37 pages, 4 figures
Fabrication of paper-based microfluidic devices for animal disease detection
Creators: name: Streethran, Nithiya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: computer-aided design
paper-based microfluidics
animal disease diagnostics
point-of-care testing
biomedical applications
lab-on-a-chip

description: Fabrication of paper-based microfluidic devices for animal disease detection

by Nithiya Streethran (nmstreethran@gmail.com)

This was my undergraduate honours project at Heriot-Watt University.

https://github.com/nmstreethran/paper-based-microfluidics
Outpatient Gastroenterology follow-up reduces GI-specific readmissions among patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis
Creators: name: Barber, Grant
name: Zhuo, Justin
name: Okafor, Philip
name: Chen, Ying
name: Hsing, Ann
name: Streett, Sarah
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Inflammatory bowel diseases
subject: Ulcerative colitis
subject: readmission
subject: follow-up

description: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that is characterized by pathologic inflammation and ulcerations in the colon resulting in bloody bowel movements, anemia and malnutrition with a relapsing and remitting course. Hospitalization for disease flares is common in cases with a severe phenotype and requires intensive monitoring and intravenous therapies; readmission within 30 days occurs in up to 18% of patients, for which the most common indication is disease flare. Readmissions are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, as well as costs, but the importance of post-discharge follow-up with a gastroenterology specialist as well as the optimal interval are unknown. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 223 patients with medically-managed ulcerative colitis who were admitted to the Stanford University Hospital between 2010 and 2020. We included adult patients with UC who were admitted for a UC flare. Patients with a colectomy by time of discharge or who were diagnosed with Clostridium difficile infection at the index hospitalization were excluded. The primary outcome was time to readmission for a GI-related indication, and the primary predictor of interest was follow-up with a gastroenterology provider. Patients were censored 180 days after discharge. At the index hospitalization, 60.9% had pan-colitis, and 87.9% had moderate-to-severely active endoscopic disease. Follow-up occurred within 7 days in 65 patients (29%), within 30 days in 153 patients (68.7%), and within 180 days in 198 patients (89%). Readmission occurred in 57 patients (25%); 31 happened within 30 days for a 30-day readmission rate of 13.9%. In the Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age, sex, and albumin level using follow-up with a gastroenterology provider as a time-dependent predictor, follow-up was associated with fewer readmissions (hazard ratio 0.42, 95% confidence interval 0.22-0.81, p=0.009). In particular, follow-up within 7 days after discharge (occurred in 65 patients) was strongly associated with reduced risk of subsequent readmission (HR 0.24, 95% CI 0.09-0.69, p-0.008). Via the log-rank test for trend, earlier follow-up was found to be associated with fewer less readmissions (p<0.0001). Our analysis demonstrates the benefits of early post-discharge follow-up in patient, which may represent an important approach to reduce the burdens of readmissions in this patient group.
Research Support for "Illuminating the Textures of Disability-Race Intersections"
Creators: name: Cung, Thu
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Special education
subject: Disproportionality
subject: Trajectories
subject: Critical race theory

description: As part of a research assistantship, these works hold three different elements from which to better understand the issue of disproportionality in special education: history, theory, policy.  The paper focusing on history shares insight into how certain policies and practices within special education and the broader construction of ability were and continue to be deployed as forms of marginalization. The analytic memo provides a working theoretical framework which connects technologies, multiple trajectories, and Critical Race Theory as a guiding frame for an ongoing research project. The policy brief highlights the current landscape of disproportionality in California and suggests recommendations aimed at creating a more holistic and proactive approach to the issue of disproportionate identification of children and youth for special education.
KAPAO: a MEMS-based natural guide star adaptive optics system
Creators: name: Severson, Scott A.
name: Choi, Philip I.
name: Contreras, Daniel S.
name: Gilbreth, Blaine N.
name: Littleton, Erik
name: McGonigle, Lorcan P.
name: Morrison, William A.
name: Rudy, Alex R.
name: Wong, Jonathan R.
name: Xue, Andrew
name: Spjut, Erik
name: Baranec, Christoph
name: Riddle, Reed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe KAPAO, our project to develop and deploy a low-cost, remote-access, natural guide star adaptive optics (AO) system for the Pomona College Table Mountain Observatory (TMO) 1-meter telescope. We use a commercially available 140-actuator BMC MEMS deformable mirror and a version of the Robo-AO control software developed by Caltech and IUCAA. We have structured our development around the rapid building and testing of a prototype system, KAPAO-Alpha, while simultaneously designing our more capable final system, KAPAO-Prime. The main differences between these systems are the prototype's reliance on off-the-shelf optics and a single visible-light science camera versus the final design's improved throughput and capabilities due to the use of custom optics and dual-band, visible and near-infrared imaging. In this paper, we present the instrument design and on-sky closed-loop testing of KAPAO-Alpha as well as our plans for KAPAO-Prime. The primarily undergraduate-education nature of our partner institutions, both public (Sonoma State University) and private (Pomona and Harvey Mudd Colleges), has enabled us to engage physics, astronomy, and engineering undergraduates in all phases of this project. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0960343.
description: 10 pages and 11 figures
An Algorithm for Splitting Parallel Sums of Linearly Composed Monotone Operators, with Applications to Signal Recovery
Creators: name: Becker, Stephen
name: Combettes, Patrick L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 47H05, Secondary 65K05, 90C25

description: We present a new primal-dual splitting algorithm for structured monotone inclusions in Hilbert spaces and analyze its asymptotic behavior. A novelty of our framework, which is motivated by image recovery applications, is to consider inclusions that combine a variety of monotonicity-preserving operations such as sums, linear compositions, parallel sums, and a new notion of parallel composition. The special case of minimization problems is studied in detail, and applications to signal recovery are discussed. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the implementation of the algorithm.
Food for the Future
Creators: name: Evans, Ellen W.
name: Fairchild, Ruth
name: Wickett, Hilary
name: Rowlands, Bethan
name: Holmes, Janet
name: Old, Jamie
name: Winter, Ginnie
name: Lacey, Jessica
name: Pressdee, Katie
name: Taylor, Helen R.
name: Ellis, Leanne
name: Sutherland, Martin
name: Lloyd, David
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A review of food, health and nutrition policy by the ZERO2FIVE Food Industry Centre at Cardiff Metropolitan University on behalf of the Welsh Government
Matter From Geometry Without Resolution
Creators: name: Grassi, Antonella
name: Halverson, James
name: Shaneson, Julius L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We utilize the deformation theory of algebraic singularities to study charged matter in compactifications of M-theory, F-theory, and type IIa string theory on elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds. In F-theory, this description is more physical than that of resolution. We describe how two-cycles can be identified and systematically studied after deformation. For ADE singularities, we realize non-trivial ADE representations as sublattices of Z^N, where N is the multiplicity of the codimension one singularity before deformation. We give a method for the determination of Picard-Lefschetz vanishing cycles in this context and utilize this method for one-parameter smooth deformations of ADE singularities. We give a general map from junctions to weights and demonstrate that Freudenthal's recursion formula applied to junctions correctly reproduces the structure of high-dimensional ADE representations, including the 126 of SO(10) and the 43,758 of E_6. We identify the Weyl group action in some examples, and verify its order in others. We describe the codimension two localization of matter in F-theory in the case of heterotic duality or simple normal crossing and demonstrate the branching of adjoint representations. Finally, we demonstrate geometrically that deformations correctly reproduce the appearance of non-simply-laced algebras induced by monodromy around codimension two singularities, showing the reduction of D_4 to G_2 in an example. A companion mathematical paper will follow.
description: 30 pages + references, appendices. v2: references and two figures added, typos corrected
Perspective: Advances and challenges in treating van der Waals dispersion forces in density functional theory
Creators: name: Klimeš, Jiří
name: Michaelides, Angelos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron dispersion forces play a crucial role in determining the structure and properties of biomolecules, molecular crystals and many other systems. However, an accurate description of dispersion is highly challenging, with the most widely used electronic structure technique, density functional theory (DFT), failing to describe them with standard approximations. Therefore, applications of DFT to systems where dispersion is important have traditionally been of questionable accuracy. However, the last decade has seen a surge of enthusiasm in the DFT community to tackle this problem and in so-doing to extend the applicability of DFT-based methods. Here we discuss, classify, and evaluate some of the promising schemes to emerge in recent years. A brief perspective on the outstanding issues that remain to be resolved and some directions for future research are also provided.
Euler Characteristic in Odd Dimensions
Creators: name: MacLaurin, Colin
name: Robertson, Guyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57Q15

description: It is well known that the Euler characteristic of an odd dimensional compact manifold is zero. An Euler complex is a combinatorial analogue of a compact manifold. We present here an elementary proof of the corresponding result for Euler complexes.
Understanding Barriers to Accreditation in the Food & Drink Sector in Wales
Creators: name: ZERO2FIVE Food  Industry Centre
name: Evans, Ellen W.
name: Ellis, Leanne
name: Lacey, Jessica
name: Taylor, Helen R.
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: DECK TWO: Report FindingsA report by the ZERO”FIVE Food Industry Centre at Cardiff Metropolitan University for the Welsh Government Food Division as part of Lot 9: Programmes to Support the Food & Drink Sector.
 Food Safety Schemes (FSSs) are essential to the food and drink industry. FSSs provide the framework for compliance within the industry to assist in the production of safe and legal food. FSSs are differentiated by having their own criteria for food safety,quality and operational control. FSSs aim to fulfil legal compliance and maintain both brand and consumer protection.
Prevention and treatment of metastatic disease in thrombocytotic cancer patients
Creators: name: Damment, Stephen
name: Franklin, Richard
name: Erusalimsky, Jorge D.
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cancer therapy (excl. chemotherapy and radiation therapy)

description: INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
 International Publication Number WO 2016/102952 Al
 [001] The present invention relates to the use of the anti-megakaryocytic agent anagrelide or a therapeutically active metabolite thereof, in the prevention and/or treatment of metastatic disease in cancer patients displaying paraneoplastic thrombocytosis. In particular the invention relates to reducing the formation and progression of potentially fatal bone, lung and other metastases most evident in such patients. [002] The present invention also relates to the use of the anti-megakaryocytic agent anagrelide or a therapeutically active metabolite thereof, for enhancing the efficacy of conventional cancer chemotherapeutic drugs in thrombocytotic cancer patients. [003] The drug may be formulated in an appropriate side-effect modulating (SEM)/cardiac­sparing formulation, which minimises the PDEIII inhibitory actions and thereby cardiostimulant activity of the drug. Suitable formulations include those previously established to reduce or avoid first pass metabolism and thus, in this case, the generation of anagrelide's highly potent PDEIII inhibitory cardioactive metabolite. Such preparations have the potential to inhibit platelet-mediated cancer cell proliferation, tumour development and formation of cancer metastases without the unwanted cardiotoxicity usually associated with anagrelide.
Exchange-correlation energy for the 3D homogeneous electron gas at arbitrary temperature
Creators: name: Brown, Ethan W.
name: DuBois, Jonathan L.
name: Holzmann, Markus
name: Ceperley, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fit finite-temperature path integral Monte Carlo calculations of the exchange-correlation energy of the 3D finite-temperature homogeneous electron gas in the warm-dense regime (r_{s} = (3/4πn)^{1/3} a_{B}^{-1} < 40 and Θ= T/T_{F} > 0.0625). In doing so, we construct a Padé approximant which collapses to Debye-Hückel theory in the high-temperature, low-density limit. Likewise, the zero-temperature limit matches the numerical results of ground-state quantum Monte Carlo, as well as analytical results in the high-density limit.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Neutral-cluster implantation in polymers by computer experiments
Creators: name: Cardia, Roberto
name: Melis, Claudio
name: Colombo, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we perform atomistic model potential molecular dynamics simulations by means of state-of-the art force-fields to study the implantation of a single Au nanocluster on a Polydimethylsiloxane substrate. All the simulations have ben performed on realistic substrate models containing up to 4.6 millions of atoms having depths up to 90 nm and lateral dimensions up to 25 nm. We consider both entangled-melt and cross-linked Polydimethylsiloxane amorphous structures. We show that even a single cluster impact on the Polydimethylsiloxane substrate remarkably changes the polymer local temperature and pressure. Moreover we observe the presence of craters created on the polymer surface having lateral dimensions comparable to the cluster radius and depths strongly dependent on the implantation energy. Present simulations suggest that the substrate morphology is largely affected by the cluster impact and that most-likely such modifications favor the the penetration of the next impinging clusters.
Observations of The High Mass X-ray Binary A0535+26 in Quiescence
Creators: name: Rothschild, Richard
name: Markowitz, Alex
name: Hemphill, Paul
name: Caballero, Isabel
name: Pottschmidt, Katja
name: Kuehnel, Matthias
name: Wilms, Joern
name: Fuerst, Felix
name: Doroshenko, Victor
name: Camero-Arranz, Ascension
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed 3 observations of the High Mass X-ray Binary A0535+26 performed by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) 3, 5, and 6 months after the last outburst in 2011 February. We detect pulsations only in the second observation. The 3-20 keV spectra can be fit equally well with either an absorbed power law or absorbed thermal bremsstrahlung model. Re-analysis of 2 earlier RXTE observations made 4 years after the 1994 outburst, original BeppoSAX observations 2 years later, re-analysis of 4 EXOSAT observations made 2 years after the last 1984 outburst, and a recent XMM-Newton observation in 2012 reveal a stacked, quiescent flux level decreasing from ~2 to <1 x 10^{-11} ergs/cm2/s over 6.5 years after outburst. Detection of pulsations during half of the quiescent observations would imply that accretion onto the magnetic poles of the neutron star continues despite the fact that the circumstellar disk may no longer be present. The accretion could come from material built-up at the corotation radius or from an isotropic stellar wind.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, and 4 tables. Accepted for publication in Ap.J
A Measurement of the Absorption of Liquid Argon Scintillation Light by Dissolved Nitrogen at the Part-Per-Million Level
Creators: name: Jones, B. J. P.
name: Chiu, C. S.
name: Conrad, J. M.
name: Ignarra, C. M.
name: Katori, T.
name: Toups, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a measurement of the absorption length of scintillation light in liquid argon due to dissolved nitrogen at the part-per-million (ppm) level. We inject controlled quantities of nitrogen into a high purity volume of liquid argon and monitor the light yield from an alpha source. The source is placed at different distances from a cryogenic photomultiplier tube assembly. By comparing the light yield from each position we extract the absorption cross section of nitrogen. We find that nitrogen absorbs argon scintillation light with strength of $(1.51\pm 0.15)\times10^{-4} \;\mathrm{cm^{-1} ppm^{-1}}$, corresponding to an absorption cross section of $(7.14 \pm 0.74)\times10^{-21}\;\mathrm{cm^{2} molecule^{-1}}$. We obtain the relationship between absorption length and nitrogen concentration over the 0 to 50 ppm range and discuss the implications for the design and data analysis of future large liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) detectors. Our results indicate that for a current-generation LArTPC, where a concentration of 2 parts per million of nitrogen is expected, the attenuation length due to nitrogen will be $30 \pm 3$ meters.
description: v2: Correct mistake in molecular absorption cross section calculation, and a minor typo in fig 8
Theory of the random potential and conductivity at the surface of a topological insulator
Creators: name: Skinner, Brian
name: Shklovskii, B. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the disorder potential induced by random Coulomb impurities at the surface of a topological insulator (TI). We use a simple model in which positive and negative impurities are distributed uniformly throughout the bulk of the TI, and we derive the magnitude of the disorder potential at the TI surface using a self-consistent theory based on the Thomas-Fermi approximation for screening by the Dirac mode. Simple formulas are presented for the mean squared potential both at the Dirac point and far from it, as well as for the characteristic size of electron/hole puddles at the Dirac point and the total concentration of electrons/holes that they contain. We also derive an expression for the autocorrelation function for the potential at the surface and show that it has an unusually slow decay, which can be used to verify the bulk origin of disorder. The implications of our model for the electron conductivity of the surface are also presented.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; section about conductivity added
Traitement approximatif des requêtes flexibles avec groupement d'attributs et jointure
Creators: name: Sassi-Hidri, Minyar
name: Bdira, Soukaina Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses the problem of approximate processing for flexible queries in the form SELECT-FROM-WHERE-GROUP BY with join condition. It offers a flexible framework for online aggregation while promoting response time at the expense of result accuracy.
description: in French. The 13\`eme Conf\'erence Francophone sur l'Extraction et la Gestion des Connaissances (EGC), pp. 29-30, 2013
Risk-laden migration as a response to relative deprivation: A hypothesis
Creators: name: Stark, Oded
name: Stark, Oded
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Public Economics
subject: Social preferences
subject: Relative deprivation
subject: Risk-laden migration

description: Received migration research has it that higher relative deprivation strengthens the incentive for people to migrate, and that migration is often a risky enterprise. Relative deprivation has been seen as a push factor in migration, and the level of risk involved in migration has been understood to reduce its attraction. Here we show a positive relationship between the level of relative deprivation experienced at origin and willingness to undertake risk-laden migration: we show that higher relative deprivation is matched by riskier acceptable migration options. In expanding the range of acceptable risk-laden migration options, relative deprivation experienced at origin acts also as a pull factor for migration.
In Vitro Propagation of Phyllanthus Niruri for the Improved Production of Phenolic Content by Using Plant Growth Regulators; A Medicinally Important Plant
Creators: name: S, Boobalan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Plant developmental and reproductive biology
Plant cell and molecular biology

description: Plants have been considered as a powerful agent for the treatment of disorders regarding their traditional use. Phyllanthus niruri is commonly known as "Chancapedra" (or) stone breaker. It is relative to the sprung, belonging to the genus Phyllanthus of the family phyllanthesea. An efficient regeneration for Phyllanthus niruri was developed using nodal explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with different combinations and concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) for enhancing the phenolic compounds in the plant. Phyllanthus niruri is rich in a diversity of phytochemicals e.g., phenols, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and glycosides, etc., The phenolic compounds are extracted and identified the name of the compounds by Thin Layer Chromatography in the different solvent system (TLC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis such as 3-Acetoxy-3-hydroxypropionic acid, methyl ester, 2-Hydroxy-4-methylbenzoic acid, and 9,12,15-Octadecaic acid, (Z, Z, Z)-trieno. The phenolic fractions are harvested from TLC could be tested for their antibacterial activity by well diffusion method against different human pathogens. Hence, the presence of phenolic compounds enriched with potential health benefits in the prevention and treatment of several chronic pathological conditions such as cancer, diabetes and obesity.
Neutral $ρ$ and $A$ mesons in magnetic field in SU(2) lattice gauge theory
Creators: name: Luschevskaya, E. V.
name: Larina, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlators of vector, axial and pseudoscalar currents have been calculated in external strong magnetic field in SU(2) gluodynamics on the lattice. Neutral $ρ$ and $A$ meson masses with a zero spin projection to the axis parallel to the external magnetic field $B$ are calculated. The mass of the neutral $ρ$ meson with zero spin decreases with increasing of the magnetic field for available values of the magnetic field $eB\lesssim 2-2.5\, \Gev^2$, such behavior is necessary for a condensation of $ρ$ mesons in a strong magnetic field.
description: This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to absence of new results in this paper
Specification of 'normal' wind turbine operating behaviour for rapid anomaly detection: through the use of machine learning algorithms
Creators: name: Streethran, Nithiya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: wind turbine
operation and maintenance
fault prediction
machine learning
renewable energy
asset management
python

description: Specification of 'normal' wind turbine operating behaviour for rapid anomaly detection: through the use of machine learning algorithms

by Nithiya Streethran (nmstreethran@gmail.com)

Files from my master's dissertation, completed between May and August 2017 at Heriot-Watt University and Natural Power Consultants.

https://github.com/nmstreethran/WindTurbineClassification
XMM-Newton monitoring of the close pre-main-sequence binary AK Sco. Evidence of tide driven filling of the inner gap in the circumbinary disk
Creators: name: de Castro, Ana I. Gomez
name: Lopez-Santiago, Javier
name: Talavera, Antonio
name: Sytov, A. Yu.
name: Bisikalo, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AK~Sco stands out among pre-main sequence binaries because of its prominent ultraviolet excess, the high eccentricity of its orbit and the strong tides driven by it. AK Sco consists of two F5 type stars that get as close as 11R$_*$ at periastron passage. The presence of a dense ($n_e \sim 10^{11}$~cm$^{-3}$) extended envelope has been unveiled recently. In this article, we report the results from a XMM-Newton based monitoring of the system. We show that at periastron, X-ray and UV fluxes are enhanced by a factor of $\sim 3$ with respect to the apastron values. The X-ray radiation is produced in an optically thin plasma with T$\sim 6.4\times 10^{6}$ K and it is found that the N$_H$ column density rises from 0.35$\times 10^{21}$~cm$^{-2}$ at periastron to 1.11$\times 10^{21}$~cm$^{-2}$ at apastron, in good agreement with previous polarimetric observations. The UV emission detected in the Optical Monitor band seems to be caused by the reprocessing of the high energy magnetospheric radiation on the circumstellar material. Further evidence of the strong magnetospheric disturbances is provided by the detection of line broadening of 278.7~km~s$^{-1}$ in the N~V line with HST/STIS. Numerical simulations of the mass flow from the circumbinary disk to the components have been carried out. They provide a consistent scenario with which to interpret AK~Sco observations. We show that the eccentric orbit acts like a gravitational piston. At apastron, matter is dragged efficiently from the inner disk border, filling the inner gap and producing accretion streams that end as ring-like structures around each component of the system. At periastron, the ring-like structures come into contact, leading to angular momentum loss, and thus producing an accretion outburst.
description: Accepted in ApJ
Improving the quality of spatial quantum channels
Creators: name: Tang, Ning
name: Fan, Zi-Long
name: Zeng, Hao-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show, for the non-Markovian or time-dependent Markovian process, by breaking up a spatial quantum channel (SQC) into a series of periodically arranged sub-components, that the quality of information transmission described by the purity, fidelity and concurrence of the output states can be improved. The relation to the quantum zero effect and possible applications of the idea have been discussed.
description: 6 pages, 4 figutes
Stability analysis of chromo-natural inflation and possible evasion of Lyth's bound
Creators: name: Dimastrogiovanni, Emanuela
name: Peloso, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform the complete stability study of the model of chromo-natural inflation (Adshead and Wyman '12), where, due to its coupling to a SU(2) vector, a pseudo-scalar inflaton chi slowly rolls on a steep potential. As a typical example, one can consider an axion with a sub-Planckian decay constant f. The phenomenology of the model was recently studied (Dimastrogiovanni, Fasiello, and Tolley '12) in the m_g >> H limit, where m_g is the mass of the fluctuations of the vector field, and H the Hubble rate. We show that the inflationary solution is stable for m_g > 2 H, while it otherwise experiences a strong instability due to scalar perturbations in the sub-horizon regime. The tensor perturbations are instead standard, and the vector ones remain perturbatively small. Depending on the parameters, this model can give a gravity wave signal that can be detected in ongoing or forthcoming CMB experiments. This detection can occur even if, during inflation, the inflaton spans an interval of size Delta chi = O (f) which is some orders of magnitude below the Planck scale, evading a well known bound that holds for a free inflaton (Lyth '97).
description: 15 pages, 4 figures. Revised study of tensor modes
Fernerkundung : Anwendungspotenziale in Afrika. TAB-Fokus
Creators: name: Gerlinger, Katrin
Publisher: name: Büro für Technikfolgen-Abschätzung beim Deutschen Bundestag (TAB)
Year: 2013

description: Fernerkundungssatelliten sind ein Kernbereich derdeutschen Raumfahrttechnologie und ein Schwerpunkt der Hightech-Strategie der Bundesregierung, der mit erheblichen öffentlichen Mitteln gefördert wird. In Entwicklungsländern gibt es vielfältige Anwendungspotenziale für Fernerkundungsdaten (z. B. Wetterdienste, Umweltüberwachung, Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Stadtentwicklung, Katastrophenmanagement). Zur Realisierung dieser Potenziale müssen nutzerorientierte Informationsdienste entwickelt werden. Hierbei gibt es in Afrika im Vergleich zu anderen Kontinenten noch erhebliche Defizite. Der Staat als wichtiger Förderer, Träger und Regulator der Technikentwicklung kann Anwendungen in Entwicklungsländern vielfach unterstützen.