cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The "Bootstrap Program" for Integrable Quantum Field Theories in 1+1 Dim
Creators: name: Babujian, H.
name: Karowski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of the "bootstrap program" is to construct integrable quantum field theories in 1+1 dimensions in terms of their Wightman functions explicitly. As an input the integrability and general assumptions of local quantum field theories are used. The object is to be achieved in tree steps: 1) The S-matrix is obtained using a qualitative knowledge of the particle spectrum and the Yang-Baxter equations. 2) Matrix elements of local operators are calculated by means of the "form factor program" using the S-matrix as an input. 3) The Wightman functions are calculated by taking sums over intermediate states. The first step has been performed for a large number of models and also the second one for several models. The third step is unsolved up to now. Here the program is illustrated in terms of the sine-Gordon model alias the massive Thirring model. Exploiting the "off-shell" Bethe Ansatz we propose general formulae for form factors. For example the n-particle matrix element for all higher currents are given and in particular all eigenvalues of the higher conserved charges are calculated. Furthermore quantum operator equations are obtained in terms of their matrix elements, in particular the quantum sine-Gordon field equation. Exact expressions for the finite wave function and mass renormalization constants are calculated.
description: Latex, 23 pages
Anomalies, a mod 2 index, and dynamics of 2d adjoint QCD
Creators: name: Cherman, Aleksey
name: Jacobson, Theodore
name: Tanizaki, Yuya
name: Ünsal, Mithat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that $2$d adjoint QCD, an $SU(N)$ gauge theory with one massless adjoint Majorana fermion, has a variety of mixed 't Hooft anomalies. The anomalies are derived using a recent mod $2$ index theorem and its generalization that incorporates 't Hooft flux. Anomaly matching and dynamical considerations are used to determine the ground-state structure of the theory. The anomalies, which are present for most values of $N$, are matched by spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking. We find that massless $2$d adjoint QCD confines for $N >2$, except for test charges of $N$-ality $N/2$, which are deconfined. In other words, $\mathbb Z_N$ center symmetry is unbroken for odd $N$ and spontaneously broken to $\mathbb Z_{N/2}$ for even $N$. All of these results are confirmed by explicit calculations on small $\mathbb{R}\times S^1$. We also show that this non-supersymmetric theory exhibits exact Bose-Fermi degeneracies for all states, including the vacua, when $N$ is even. Furthermore, for most values of $N$, $2$d massive adjoint QCD describes a non-trivial symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phase of matter, including certain cases where the number of interacting Majorana fermions is a multiple of $8$. As a result, it fits into the classification of $(1+1)$d SPT phases of interacting Majorana fermions in an interesting way.
description: Various minor improvements to exposition and clarifications on relations to previous literature
Impact of EU biofuel policies on the French arable sector: A micro-level analysis using global market and farm-based supply models
Creators: name: Louhichi, Kamel
name: Valin, Hogo
name: Louhichi, Kamel
name: Valin, Hogo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: This paper aims to ex-ante assess the micro-economic impacts of current EU biofuel policies on the French arable sector using an agricultural supply model (ASMMA) coupled with a computable general equilibrium model (MIRAGE-BioF). The application of this modelling framework confirms that biofuel policies would significantly affect the EU agricultural market, with price increase by 2020 as high as +40% in the case of rapeseed compared with a status quo at 2008 level. This would strongly impact land use and production of first-generation feedstock crops in France (rapeseed, cereals and sugar beets). The highest percentage increase would be in land dedicated to rapeseed (+50%), likely to occur in regions with a low initial rapeseed land share. This increase would boost farm income of most arable farms (+10% on average); however, the environment would face increase pressure from agricultural production with more use of pesticide (+5%) and increase in N2O emissions (+2.5%).
title: The Credit Composition of Global Liquidity
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Herwartz, Helmut
name: Ochsner, Christian
name: Rohloff, Hannes
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: financial cycle
credit composition
dynamic factor model
global liquidity
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: We conceptualize global liquidity as global monetary policy and credit components by means of a large-scale dynamic factor model. Going beyond previous work, we decompose aggregate credit components into credit supply and demand flows directed at businesses, households and governments. We show that this decomposition enhances the understanding of global liquidity considerably. Whereas global government sector credit supply is best understood as a safe-haven lending factor from an investors perspective, lenders supply the business and households with credit to maximize profits along the financial cycle. Morever, the goverment sector demands credit in times of bust-episodes, whereas private entities demand credit in times of boos. In particular, we find that our global credit estimates explain substantial variance shares of a large panel of international financial aggregates.
Anomalous behavior of the $E_u^1$ infrared-active phonon mode in a Bi$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$Se$_3$ crystal
Creators: name: Melnikov, A. A.
name: Boldyrev, K. N.
name: Selivanov, Yu. G.
name: Chekalin, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied spectral evolution of the $E_u^1$ phonon line of a topological insulator Bi$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$Se$_3$ with temperature. Unlike the Raman-active phonons, the $E_u^1$ mode demonstrates softening upon cooling the crystal, and the corresponding spectral line acquires a pronounced Fano-like shape at temperatures $T\lesssim100$ K. We interpret the latter effect as a signature of specific coupling of the bulk infrared active phonons to surface Dirac electrons. Using coherent resonant excitation of the $E_u^1$ mode as a surface sensitive tool, we have detected softening of the surface counterpart of the bulk $E_u^1$ phonon mode upon strontium doping. This observation can be an evidence of enhanced electron-phonon interaction at the surface of the Bi$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$Se$_3$ crystal.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Sensitivity analysis and optimization in low order thermoacoustic models
Creators: name: Aguilar Perez, Jose Guillermo
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Thermoacoustics
Adjoint based sensitivity analysis
Low order network models

description: Lean combustion technologies in gas turbines reduce the generation of NOx but increase the susceptibility to thermoacoustic oscillations. These oscillations can produce structural damage and need to be eliminated. The stability of a given configuration can be examined with a thermoacoustic model. In this thesis a wave-based network model is used. Using adjoint methods the gradients of the eigenvalue with respect to system parameters can be obtained at a low computational cost. This information is used as an input to an optimization routine to find stable thermoacoustic configurations. In this thesis thermocaoustic oscillations are analysed using a linear low order network model. This modelling approach is used to predict the unstable modes of five different configurations: a Rijke tube, a choked combustor, a longitudinal combustor, a generic lean premix prevaporized annular combustor and the laboratory scale annular combustor built in Cambridge University Engineering Department. The continuous and discrete adjoint equations for the low order network model are derived. Using the adjoint equations the sensitivities of the eigenvalues to changes in base state parameters such as time delays, areas, lengths and mean radii are computed. Similarly, the sensitivity of the eigenvalues to the introduction of a feedback device such as a drag mesh or a secondary heat source is investigated. By fitting experimental data to a low Mach number model of the Rijke tube, the predictions of the growth rate and frequency shifts due to the presence of these mechanisms are improved. Finally, using the sensitivity information, two different optimization algorithms are developed to stabilize the thermoacoustic systems. Different stabilization scenarios are presented, showing the changes required in each section of the configurations to eliminate thermoacoustic oscillations. The techniques presented as part of this thesis are readily scalable to more complex models and geometries and the inclusion of further constraints. This demonstrates that adjoint-based sensitivity analysis and optimization could become an indispensable tool for the design of thermoacoustically-stable combustors.
description: Cambridge Trust and CONACyT
Local Dimension Invariant Qudit Stabilizer Codes
Creators: name: Gunderman, Lane G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protection of quantum information from noise is a massive challenge. One avenue people have begun to explore is reducing the number of particles needing to be protected from noise and instead use systems with more states, so called qudit quantum computers. These systems will require codes which utilize the full computational space. Many prior qudit codes are very restrictive on relations between parameters. In this paper we show that codes for these systems can be derived from already known codes, often relaxing the constraints somewhat, a result which could prove to be very useful for fault-tolerant qudit quantum computers.
description: 9 pages, 0 figures, edits made
The Anglo-Australian Observatory's 2dF Facility
Creators: name: Lewis, I. J.
name: Cannon, R. D.
name: Taylor, K.
name: Glazebrook, K.
name: Bailey, J. A.
name: Baldry, I. K.
name: Barton, J. R.
name: Bridges, T. J.
name: Dalton, G. B.
name: Farrell, T. J.
name: Gray, P. M.
name: Lankshear, A.
name: McCowage, C.
name: Parry, I. R.
name: Sharples, R. M.
name: Shortridge, K.
name: Smith, G. A.
name: Stevenson, J.
name: Straede, J. O.
name: Waller, L. G.
name: Whittard, J. D.
name: Wilcox, J. K.
name: Willis, K. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 2dF (Two-degree Field) facility at the prime focus of the Anglo-Australian Telescope provides multiple object spectroscopy over a 2 degree field of view. Up to 400 target fibres can be independently positioned by a complex robot. Two spectrographs provide spectra with resolutions of between 500 and 2000, over wavelength ranges of 440nm and 110nm respectively. The 2dF facility began routine observations in 1997. 2dF was designed primarily for galaxy redshift surveys and has a number of innovative features. The large corrector lens incorporates an atmospheric dispersion compensator, essential for wide wavelength coverage with small diameter fibres. The instrument has two full sets of fibres on separate field plates, so that re-configuring can be done in parallel with observing. The robot positioner places one fibre every 6 seconds, to a precision of 0.3 arcsec (20micron) over the full field. All components of 2dF, including the spectrographs, are mounted on a 5-m diameter telescope top-end ring for ease of handling and to keep the optical fibres short in order to maximise UV throughput . There is a pipeline data reduction system which allows each data set to be fully analysed while the next field is being observed. In this paper we provide the historical background to the 2dF facility, the design philosophy, a full technical description and a summary of the performance of the instrument. We also briefly review its scientific applications and possible future developments.
description: MNRAS accepted, 22 pages, 15 figures
MOESM10 of Genomic interrogation of familial short stature contributes to the discovery of the pathophysiological mechanisms and pharmaceutical drug repositioning
Creators: name: Wong, Henry
name: Lin, Ying-Ju
name: Hsing-Fang Lu
name: Liao, Wen-Ling
name: Chien-Hsiun Chen
name: Jer-Yuarn Wu
name: Wei-Chiao Chang
name: Fuu-Jen Tsai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 10: Table S5. Tissues with enrichment (p
In vitro diversification of chimeric human/chicken antibodies
Creators: name: Peris, Daniela
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Antibodies
DT40 cells
Antibody engineering
Chimeric antibodies
Antibody evolution
human antibodies
Antibody diversification

description: Cells that constitutively diversify their immunoglobulin genes can be used for selection of novel antibodies and refining affinities and specificities of existing ones (Cumbers et al., 2002). The chicken derived DT40 B cell line has been adapted for the expression and diversification of humanized antibodies. Human antibodies in the form of scFvs expressed in the surface of these cells have been successfully diversified to produce a scFv library, from which antibodies of desired specificity and improved affinity can be evolved using a combination of flow cytometry (FACS) and magnetic beads (MACS) (Lim et al., 2016). In this thesis I further developed the system by finding an alternative approach to antibody humanization and evolution that overcomes the obstacles encountered during the evolution of human scFvs in DT40. I tested different approaches and, although presenting new challenges, I found that chimeric human/chicken antibodies could be engineered and expressed in this cell line and overcame many of the problems experienced with scFvs evolution. This approach was used to generate a combinatorial library for the screening of novel antibodies and to introduce V genes of antibodies of known specificity that could be evolved for improved affinity. In addition to the engineering of the DT40 cell line, and with the aim to obtain a sustainable antibody diversification rate over time, I generated a cell cycle-regulated, nuclear restricted version of Activation Induced Deaminase AID that yields high rates of mutations in chimeric human/chicken antibodies. To conclude, a new and promising approach for antibody evolution in DT40 was developed. The new system posed new challenges that were identified and either solved or used to outlined future directions for the development and improvement of the technique.
description: My PhD studies were funded by the Cesar Milstein Scholarship from the Darwin Trust of Edinburgh.
title: Global Credit Shocks and Real Economies
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Herwartz, Helmut
name: Ochsner, Christian
name: Rohloff, Hannes
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: real economy
FAVAR
Economics
Wirtschaft
structural VAR
credit shocks
credit composition

description: We estimate the marginal effects of identified components of global liquidity on 43 real economies. To this end, we employ global public and private credit components of Herwatz, Ochsner and Rohloff (2021) in factor-augmented vector-autoregressions to trace credit shocks through the real economy (output, inflation and unemployment). Specifically, two components of global credit boost the business cycle and lower unemplyment in the short-run, namely government credit demand and business credit supply, whereas household credit supply is found to deteriorate output. We find substantial heterogeneity with respect to prevalence and amplitude of global sectoral credit effects on real aggregates within the time and cross-sectional (country) dimension.
An investigation of gravitational lens determinations of H_o in quintessence cosmologies
Creators: name: Lewis, Geraint F.
name: Ibata, Rodrigo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is growing evidence that the majority of the energy density of the universe is not baryonic or dark matter, rather it resides in an exotic component with negative pressure. The nature of this `quintessence' influences our view of the universe, modifying angular diameter and luminosity distances. Here, we examine the influence of a quintessence component upon gravitational lens time delays. As well as a static quintessence component, an evolving equation of state is also considered. It is found that the equation of state of the quintessence component and its evolution influence the value of the Hubble's constant derived from gravitational lenses. However, the differences between evolving and non-evolving cosmologies are relatively small. We undertake a suite of Monte Carlo simulations to examine the potential constraints that can be placed on the universal equation of state from the monitoring of gravitational lens system, and demonstrate that at least an order of magnitude more lenses than currently known will have to be discovered and analysed to accurately probe any quintessence component.
description: 8pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Total factor productivity change of Swiss dairy farms in the mountain region in the period 1999 to 2008
Creators: name: Jan, Pierrick
name: Lips, Markus
name: Jan, Pierrick
name: Lips, Markus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Livestock Production/Industries

description: In the present contribution we assess the total factor productivity (TFP) change in the period 1999-2008 of Swiss dairy farms located in the mountain region using the Malmquist productivity index. We furthermore analyze the robustness of the results of this assessment to the effect of the type of panel used and to different modelling options regarding the inclusion of the ecological and ethological direct payments in the output set. The yearly TFP growth is shown to vary between +1.3% and +3.0% depending on the panel type and modelling option chosen. The results of our work suggest that the TFP growth rate of Swiss dairy farms in the mountain region is not lower than the levels observed in the dairy sector of other European countries. More generally, our investigation shows how sensitive the results of TFP change assessments are to data-related methodological choices and thus highlights the necessity of considering this issue when performing such assessments.
LARGE SCALE LAND ACQUISITIONS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES - OPPORTUNITIES, THREATS AND INSTITUTIONAL CHALLENGES FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND FOOD SECURITY
Creators: name: Brüntrup, Michael
name: Brüntrup, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Food Security and Poverty
International Development

description: Large scale land acquisitions for food and biofuel production by (mostly foreign) agro-industrial investors have surged as a substantial phenomenon in developing countries in the last 2-3 years. Already 30 million hectares or half of Europe’s agricultural land are said to have been bought or leased, much of it in poor and poorly governed countries in Subsahara Africa. Although food presently seems to dominate motivations for land acquisitions, in the end food and biofuel production are two sides of the same coin if it comes to large scale land acquisitions: They fundamentally change the access of local populations to natural resources, the way resources are used, and the way production and incomes are organised, owned and distributed, not to talk about the changes of ways of live of rural populations. In addition, often production and raw materials can be easily switched between different purposes. Due to the size of these acquisitions there are justified fears that they can substantially harm rural development and food security in the affected countries. On the other hand, these investments bring desperately needed capital, innovation, market access and jobs into rural areas which are often not ideal worlds but marked by poverty, food insecurity and long-term soil mining and resource degradation. The present article discusses whether large scale land acquisition can be expected to be a long term phenomenon, which opportunities and threats exist for different actors, and which institutional challenges have to be dealt with if such investments are to be development-friendly. It is based on a case study on bioenergy potential in Namibia and an analysis of the literature. Unfortunately, the latter is of limited value for the time being because details of land acquisition deals are generally not open to public scrutiny. Thus, the key conclusion is that more transparency in this kind of deals is indispensable. In addition, existing land and user rights as well as compensation mechanisms have to be carefully respected, food security clauses have to be integrated into international trade, investment agreements and investment contracts, land use management, environmental and biosafety rules must be respected, provisions for risk management, moderation and litigation should be formulated, and overall policy coordination is important to make large scale land investments development friendly.
Encoding of Matrix Product States into Quantum Circuits of One- and Two-Qubit Gates
Creators: name: Ran, Shi-Ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The matrix product state (MPS) belongs to the most important mathematical models in, for example, condensed matter physics and quantum information sciences. However, to realize an $N$-qubit MPS with large $N$ and large entanglement on a quantum platform is extremely challenging, since it requires high-level qudits or multi-body gates of two-level qubits to carry the entanglement. In this work, an efficient method that accurately encodes a given MPS into a quantum circuit with only one- and two-qubit gates is proposed. The idea is to construct the unitary matrix product operators that optimally disentangle the MPS to a product state. These matrix product operators form the quantum circuit that evolves a product state to the targeted MPS with a high fidelity. Our benchmark on the ground-state MPS's of the strongly-correlated spin models show that the constructed quantum circuits can encode the MPS's with much fewer qubits than the sizes of the MPS's themselves. This method paves a feasible and efficient path to realizing quantum many-body states and other MPS-based models as quantum circuits on the near-term quantum platforms.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
MOESM1 of Causes of brain dysfunction in acute coma: a cohort study of 1027 patients in the emergency department
Creators: name: Schmidt, Wolf
name: Ploner, Christoph
name: Lutz, Maximilian
name: Möckel, Martin
name: Lindner, Tobias
name: Braun, Mischa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Left-hand columns – detailed frequencies of main diagnoses in 854 patients with persistent CUE (463 males, 391 females; median age 65; median GCS 5), ordered by classes I-III. Second column of numbers – numbers of patients diagnosed with accessory pathologies besides their main diagnosis. Center – coincidences between main diagnoses (rows) and detailed accessory coma-explaining pathologies detected during ED management (columns), given in absolute numbers. (As we gave priority to diagnoses from class I by definition, only pathologies from classes II and III appear in columns).
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Magnetization Studies of the Ferromagnetic Ordering Temperature Suppression in Ru Deficient SrRuO3
Creators: name: Han, Z. H.
name: Budnick, J. I.
name: Daniel, M.
name: Hines, W. A.
name: Pease, D. M.
name: Klamut, P. W.
name: Dabrowski, B.
name: Mini, S. M.
name: Maxwell, M.
name: Kimball, C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The synthesis of SrRuO3 under high-pressure oxygen produces a nonstoichiometric form with randomly distributed vacancies on the Ru-sites, along with a significantly reduced ferromagnetic ordering temperature. In order to gain additional insight into the suppression of the ferromagnetism, local studies utilizing 99,101 Ru zero-field spin-echo NMR, and Ru K-edge XAFS, along with complimentary magnetization and x-ray diffraction measurements, have been carried out on samples of SrRuO3 annealed at both ("ambient") atmospheric pressure and "high-pressure" oxygen (600 atm). Consistent with previous work, the NMR spectrum for "ambient" SrRuO3 consists of two well-defined peaks at 64.4 MHz and 72.2 MHz corresponding to the 99Ru and 101Ru isotopes, respectively, and a hyperfine field of 329 kG. Although the magnetization measurements show a lower ferromagnetic ordering temperature for the "high-pressure" oxygen sample (90 K compared to 160 K for the "ambient" sample), the NMR spectrum shows no significant shift in the two peak frequencies. However, the two peaks exhibit considerable broadening, along with structure on both the low and high frequency sides which is believed to be quadrupolar in origin. Analysis of the Ru K-edge XAFS reveals more disorder in the Ru-O bond for the "high-pressure" oxygen sample compared to the "ambient" sample. Furthermore, XANES of Ru K-edge analysis indicates no difference in the valence of Ru between the two samples. The magnetic behavior indicates the existence of some vacancies on the Ru sites for the "high-pressure" oxygen sample.
description: Proceedings of the 3rd Polish-US Workshop on Magnetism and Superconductivity of Advanced Materials, July 14-19, 2002, Ladek Zdroj (Poland), to appear in Physica C
Substrate recognition by the 26S proteasome
Creators: name: Kisonaite, Migle
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: 26S proteasome
cryo-electron microscopy
protein degradation
degron
proteolysis

description: The 26S proteasome is a large protein complex found in all eukaryotes. It controls the degradation of a wide range of proteins in the cell, and thus it is crucial for homeostasis, regulated cell division and apoptosis. It is known that specific signals (called degrons) on the substrates are recognised by the proteasome, including ubiquitin and a disordered region. The main focus of this thesis is to better understand how the ubiquitin containing degron binds to intrinsic ubiquitin receptors in the 26S proteasome and how the architecture of the degradation signal influences the affinity of the interaction. Firstly, I optimised the purification of the human 26S proteasome, resulting in a high yield and purity sample. I showed that my 26S proteasome sample is fully functional – can recognise and bind the substrate, unfold it, translocate it into the proteolytic chamber and digest it to small peptides. I also investigated the stability of the 26S proteasome and discovered some novel insights about divalent cation effects on the proteasome activity. During this project I prepared and optimised a large number of model degrons with variable lengths and composition of their disordered regions. Degron optimisation was an iterative process, thus during my project I designed, cloned, purified and characterised more than 50 different proteins. I found the best binding degron, co-purified it with the human 26S proteasome and obtained a homogeneous sample suitable for structural studies. Finally, I solved two cryo-EM structures of the degron-bound 26S proteasome. The structures revealed two novel conformations of the proteasome and the subunits responsible for the interaction with the ubiquitin. Using the solved molecular models, together with biophysical data obtained during the project, I explored the mechanistic details of the ubiquitin recognition and conformational changes of the 26S proteasome upon the interaction with a degradation signal.
New limits on double-beta decay of $^{190}$Pt and $^{198}$Pt
Creators: name: Danevich, F. A.
name: Hult, M.
name: Junghans, A.
name: Kasperovych, D. V.
name: Kropivyansky, B. N.
name: Lutter, G.
name: Marissens, G.
name: Polischuk, O. G.
name: Romaniuk, M. V.
name: Stroh, H.
name: Tessalina, S.
name: Tretyak, V. I.
name: Ware, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for double-beta decay of $^{190}$Pt and $^{198}$Pt with emission of $γ$-ray quanta was realized at the HADES underground laboratory with a 148 g platinum sample measured by two ultralow-background HPGe detectors over 8946 h. The isotopic composition of the platinum sample has been measured with high precision using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. New lower limits for the half-lives of $^{190}$Pt relative to different channels and modes of the decays were set on the level of $\lim T_{1/2}\sim 10^{14}-10^{16}$ yr. A possible exact resonant $0νKN$ transition to the 1,2 1326.9 keV level of $^{190}$Os is limited for the first time as $T_{1/2} \geq 2.5 \times10^{16}$ yr. A new lower limit on the double-beta decay of $^{198}$Pt to the first excited level of $^{198}$Hg was set as $T_{1/2} \geq 3.2\times10^{19}$ yr, one order of magnitude higher than the limit obtained in the previous experiment.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables
Supersymmetry and the relationship between a class of singular potentials in arbitrary dimensions
Creators: name: Gonul, B.
name: Ozer, O.
name: Kocak, M.
name: Tutcu, D.
name: Cancelik, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eigenvalues of the potentials $V_{1}(r)=\frac{A_{1}}{r}+\frac{A_{2}}{r^{2}}+\frac{A_{3}}{r^{3}}+\frac{A_{4 }}{r^{4}}$ and $V_{2}(r)=B_{1}r^{2}+\frac{B_{2}}{r^{2}}+\frac{B_{3}}{r^{4}}+\frac{B_{4}}{r^ {6}}$, and of the special cases of these potentials such as the Kratzer and Goldman-Krivchenkov potentials, are obtained in N-dimensional space. The explicit dependence of these potentials in higher-dimensional space is discussed, which have not been previously covered.
description: 13 pages article in LaTEX (uses standard article.sty). Please check "http://www1.gantep.edu.tr/~ozer" for other studies of Nuclear Physics Group at University of Gaziantep
Predicting long-term publication impact through a combination of early citations and journal impact factor
Creators: name: Abramo, Giovanni
name: D'Angelo, Ciriaco Andrea
name: Felici, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ability to predict the long-term impact of a scientific article soon after its publication is of great value towards accurate assessment of research performance. In this work we test the hypothesis that good predictions of long-term citation counts can be obtained through a combination of a publication's early citations and the impact factor of the hosting journal. The test is performed on a corpus of 123,128 WoS publications authored by Italian scientists, using linear regression models. The average accuracy of the prediction is good for citation time windows above two years, decreases for lowly-cited publications, and varies across disciplines. As expected, the role of the impact factor in the combination becomes negligible after only two years from publication.
Metabolic activation of aegeline mediated by CYP2C19
Creators: name: Tian, Min
name: Zhou, Shenzhi
name: Li, Wei
name: Li, Jiaru
name: Yang, Lan
name: Peng, Ying
name: Zheng, Jiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Virology

description: Aegeline (AGL) is a natural alkaloidal amide mainly isolated from the leaves and fruits of tropical plant Aegle marmelos, with multiple pharmacological activities.As one component of several dietary supplements, AGL caused a series of acute and chronic liver injuries. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of AGL-induced hepatotoxicity remain unclear. This study was conducted to identify reactive metabolite(s), to determine related metabolic pathways, and define the possible association of the bioactivation with AGL cytotoxicity.A demethylation metabolite (M1) and a GSH conjugate (M2) were detected in rat liver microsomal incubations containing AGL and GSH. The two metabolites were both found in bile of rats and rat primary hepatocytes after AGL administration.Recombinant P450 enzyme incubations showed that CYP2C19 was the principal enzyme catalysing this metabolic activation.Ticlopidine, a selective inhibitor of CYP2C19, decreased the formation of M1 and M2 in hepatocytes and attenuated the susceptibility of hepatocytes to the cytotoxicity of AGL. The results suggest that AGL was metabolized to a p-quinone methide intermediate which could in part participate in AGL-induced cytotoxicity. Aegeline (AGL) is a natural alkaloidal amide mainly isolated from the leaves and fruits of tropical plant Aegle marmelos, with multiple pharmacological activities. As one component of several dietary supplements, AGL caused a series of acute and chronic liver injuries. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of AGL-induced hepatotoxicity remain unclear. This study was conducted to identify reactive metabolite(s), to determine related metabolic pathways, and define the possible association of the bioactivation with AGL cytotoxicity. A demethylation metabolite (M1) and a GSH conjugate (M2) were detected in rat liver microsomal incubations containing AGL and GSH. The two metabolites were both found in bile of rats and rat primary hepatocytes after AGL administration. Recombinant P450 enzyme incubations showed that CYP2C19 was the principal enzyme catalysing this metabolic activation. Ticlopidine, a selective inhibitor of CYP2C19, decreased the formation of M1 and M2 in hepatocytes and attenuated the susceptibility of hepatocytes to the cytotoxicity of AGL. The results suggest that AGL was metabolized to a p-quinone methide intermediate which could in part participate in AGL-induced cytotoxicity.
title: Natural Resource Rents, Autocracy and Economic Freedom
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Endrikat, Morten
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: Institutions
Natural Resources
Economic Liberalization, Entrepreneurship
Resource Curse
Taxation
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: This paper theoretically and empirically investigates the effect of natural resource rents on the process of economic liberalization and a potential moderating effect of the level of democracy. A simple political-economic model is developed in which the government in an autocratic country faces a trade-off between liberalizing the economy to broaden the tax base on the one hand and consolidating its political power by preventing the rise of an economically independent middle class striving for political participation on the other hand. Whilst the theoretical model predicts that rents from natural resources lead to economic liberalization in both autocratic and democratic countries, the empirical analysis finds evidence that increasing resource abundance may lead to deliberalization in autocracies but may promote liberalization in democracies. The empirical evidence is robust to using both static panel data methods that control for unobserved country heterogeneity as well as a dynamic GMM estimator that further controls for potential endogeneity issues.
BIOFUEL PROGRAMS AND FARM SUPPORT: NEW TOOLS FOR OLD POLICIES?
Creators: name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
name: Treguer, David
name: Valin, Hugo
name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
name: Treguer, David
name: Valin, Hugo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Agricultural Policies
subject: Biofuels
subject: Computable General Equilibrium.

description: In this paper, we focus on some indirect effects of biofuel policies that have not attracted a lot of attention, in particular the linkages with agricultural policy. In brief, biofuel policies re-introduce in the agricultural policy some of the mechanisms that characterized the farm support of the 1980s. In both the European Union (EU) and the United States (US) these policies relied on market price support achieved through a set of guaranteed prices, public purchases and export programs. By creating an "artificial" demand of agricultural products for non food use, biofuel policies play a rather similar role to the ones played by former EU intervention/export subsidies policy and to the US export enhancement/target price programs. We focus on the welfare effects of current biofuel policies compared to old farm support policies, and we explore the similarities and differences. Finally, we present some empirical illustrations of the overall differentiated effects using a large scale general equilibrium model.
A Measurement of the B0 -> J/psi pi+pi- Branching Fraction
Creators: name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the branching fraction for the decay of the neutral $B$ meson into the final state $J/ψπ^+π^-$. The data set contains approximately 56 million $B\bar{B}$ pairs produced at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance and recorded with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ storage ring. The result of this analysis is $\mathcal{B}$($B^0\to J/ψπ^+π^-$) = (4.6 $\pm$ 0.7 $\pm$ 0.6)$\times 10^{-5}$, where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. In addition we measure $\mathcal{B}(B^0\to J/ψρ^0) = (1.6 \pm 0.6 \pm 0.4 )\times 10^{-5}$.
description: 7 pages, 2 postscript figues
MOESM3 of Microbial communities of the house fly Musca domestica vary with geographical location and habitat
Creators: name: Park, Rahel
name: Dzialo, Maria
name: Spaepen, Stijn
name: Nsabimana, Donat
name: Gielens, Kim
name: Devriese, Herman
name: Crauwels, Sam
name: Tito, Raul
name: Raes, Jeroen
name: Lievens, Bart
name: Verstrepen, Kevin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Alpha diversity measured by Shannon index and observed amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) of the grouped samples. Table S3. The prevalence and abundance of pathogenic bacteria from house flies displaying location specific patterns. Initial analysis and selection was based on Table 1 in Khamesipour et al 2018 [16] enlisting main pathogenic bacterial genera and species observed in house flies. Table S6. Composition of the mock communities.
title: Measuring the Effects of COVID-19-Related Night Curfews: Empirical Evidence from Germany
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: de Haas, Samuel
name: Götz, Georg
name: Heim, Sven
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19
Difference in Differences Analysis
Night Curfew
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: Curfews present the most restrictive measure aiming to fight the spread of the COVID 19-pandemic. A somewhat weaker form are night time curfews. Night time curfews were imposed all over the world (e.g. USA, France, Germany or Argentina) and are still in force in many countries and have been even re-enforced recently in some countries. The public debate around night curfews is heated and evidence on their effectiveness is still scarce so far. Empirical evidence is the only way to reduce the emotionality in this discourse and to provide guidance for the decisions of policymaker. In this paper we estimate the impact of local night curfews in Hesse, the fifth most populous federal state in Germany, on the growth of incidences of COVID-19 cases during the "second wave" of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using this setup we take advantage of the fact that counties in Hesse had the same measures in place with the only difference that some additionally had to implement night curfews. This allows us to identify the effect of night curfews in isolation. We find no statistical evidence that night curfews were effective in slowing down the spread of the pandemic.
title: Performing Best When It Matters the Most: Evidence from Professional Handball
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Bühren, Christoph
name: Gabriel, Marvin
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
psychological traits
Performance under pressure
sports data
survey

description: We analyze the impact of psychological pressure on individual performance with handball penalties thrown in the decisive stage vs. the rest of the game. Contrary to the phenomenon of choking under pressure, we observe that most of the analyzed players perform best when it matters the most. The positive effect of pressure on performance is especially pronounced when the score is level or when the thrower’s team is lagging. We control for gender and psychological traits assessed with a survey. Female players score with a higher probability than male players in our sample. The positive impact of pressure is not significantly higher for female players.
title: We analyze the impact of psychological pressure on individual performance with handball penalties thrown in the decisive stage vs. the rest of the game. Contrary to the phenomenon of choking under pressure, we observe that most of the analyzed players perform best when it matters the most. The positive effect of pressure on performance is especially pronounced when the score is level or when the thrower’s team is lagging. We control for gender and psychological traits assessed with a survey. Female players score with a higher probability than male players in our sample. The positive impact of pressure is not significantly higher for female players.
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Götz, Georg
name: Herold, Daniel
name: Klotz, Phil-Andrian
name: Schäfer, Jan
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft

description: This article investigates the efficiency of the roll-out of Covid-19 vaccinations
when vaccines are scarce. Using Germany as an example, we find considerable differences across federal states in terms of efficiency, defined as the ability to get most vaccinations out of a given number of available doses. Back-of-theenvelope calculations for the past five months show that vaccinations would have been 3.7–6.6% higher if all federal states had adopted a similar ratio between vaccinations given and vaccines stored as the most efficient ones. We also find evidence that the integration of doctor’s offices into the vaccination campaign significantly increased the share of vaccinations out of a given stocks of vaccine doses.
title: Specifying and Assigning “Bundles of Rights” on Data: An Economic Perspective
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Kerber, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
bundle of rights
data governance
data access
data rights
property rights

description: This paper shows that with respect to data the legal category of "property" (physical property or intellectual property) is not a suitable model for dealing with the complexity of data governance problems. Although data can be a valuable asset and might need incentives for its generation, the economic and technological conditions regarding data differ significantly from the problems regarding physical goods, innovation, and creative works. Through the much easier excludability and the greater importance of the non-rivalry and context-dependency of the use of data, not the incentive problem for data generation but the problems of access and sharing of data have become the most urgent policy issues. One particularly important reason can be the exclusive de facto control of firms over data, for which no formal property rights exist, but which can lead to market failures with respect to competition and innovation. The "bundle of rights" approach (based upon the economic theory of property rights) with its flexibility and wide range of options, how to specify these rights and to whom these rights can be assigned, offers a framework that allows for finding appropriate data governance solutions that fit to the specific economic and technological conditions of different industries and contexts. The paper also shows that current digital policy discussions can be interpreted as discussions about the proper specification and assignment of bundles of rights on data (as, e.g., with regard to the GDPR, data portability or the Digital Markets Act).
Deep HST-WFPC2 photometry of NGC 288. II. The Main Sequence Luminosity Function
Creators: name: Bellazzini, M.
name: Pecci, Flavio Fusi
name: Montegriffo, Paolo
name: Messineo, Maria
name: Monaco, L.
name: Rood, R. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Main Sequence Luminosity Function (LF) of the Galactic globular cluster NGC 288 has been obtained using deep WFPC2 photometry. We have employed a new method to correct for completeness and fully account for bin-to-bin migration due to blending and/or observational scatter. The effect of the presence of binary systems in the final LF is quantified and is found to be negligible. There is a strong indication of the mass segregation of unevolved single stars and clear signs of a depletion of low mass stars in NGC 288 with respect to other clusters. The results are in good agreement with the prediction of theoretical models of the dynamical evolution of NGC 288 that take into account the extreme orbital properties of this cluster.
description: 16 pages, 6 .ps figures. Low resolution version of fig. 1; full resolution figure soon available at http://www.bo.astro.it/bap/BAPhome.html l. Latex. emulateapj5.sty macro included. Accepted for publication by The Astronomical Journal