cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Map #41, 5MT3875, Masonry Surface Structure106 and Arbitrary Unit 101, Stratigraphic Profile
Creators: name: DeVos, Jim
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Southwestern Colorado
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2810/southwestern-colorado
subject: Southwestern US
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84604/southwestern-us
subject: Basketmaker III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/78/basketmaker-iii
subject: Pueblo II
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/55/pueblo-ii
subject: Shepherd Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118016/shepherd-site
subject: 5MT3875
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118017/5mt3875

description: 5MT3875, Masonry Surface Structure106 and Arbitrary Unit 101, Stratigraphic Profile
Excited nucleon electromagnetic form factors from broken spin-flavor symmetry
Creators: name: Buchmann, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A group theoretical derivation of a relation between the N --> Delta charge quadrupole transition and neutron charge form factors is presented.
description: 4 pages, Proc. of the 12 th Int'l. Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleons, NSTAR 2009, Beijing, April 19-22, 2009
Foreign Investment in Ukrainian Agriculture: A Comprehensive Discussion of the Moratorium on Sale of Agricultural Land and Other Non-Economic Risks for Investors
Creators: name: Raransky, Alexander
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ukraine
Political risk
FDI
Agriculture

description: Ukraine is currently undergoing a series of land reforms that will result in the creation of a private market for the sale of agricultural land. These reforms will lead to drastic changes in Ukraine's agricultural industry and are intended to promote economic and regional growth. Ukraine is still faced with daunting challenges with security and a high degree of corruption, however, the Zelensky government is working to address some of the major issues and has also worked out a plan to begin undergoing land reform this year. The creation of a private market for agricultural land through lifting the current moratorium on the sale of agricultural land will create vast opportunities for foreign agricultural investors. Ukraine needs foreign investment to develop the agricultural sector, acquire new technologies and farming strategies, improve infrastructure such as roads, and create jobs in rural regions. This thesis examines Ukraine's plan for land law reforms to evaluate the risks and benefits of the proposed strategy on foreign investment in the agricultural sector.
Tunable Multifunctional Topological Insulators in Ternary Heusler Compounds
Creators: name: Chadov, S.
name: Qi, X. -L.
name: Kübler, J
name: Fecher, G. H.
name: Felser, C.
name: Zhang, S. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the Quantum Spin Hall effect (QSH) was theoretically predicted and experimentally realized in a quantum wells based on binary semiconductor HgTe[1-3]. QSH state and topological insulators are the new states of quantum matter interesting both for fundamental condensed matter physics and material science[1-11]. Many of Heusler compounds with C1b structure are ternary semiconductors which are structurally and electronically related to the binary semiconductors. The diversity of Heusler materials opens wide possibilities for tuning the band gap and setting the desired band inversion by choosing compounds with appropriate hybridization strength (by lattice parameter) and the magnitude of spin-orbit coupling (by the atomic charge). Based on the first-principle calculations we demonstrate that around fifty Heusler compounds show the band inversion similar to HgTe. The topological state in these zero-gap semiconductors can be created by applying strain or by designing an appropriate quantum well structure, similar to the case of HgTe. Many of these ternary zero-gap semiconductors (LnAuPb, LnPdBi, LnPtSb and LnPtBi) contain the rare earth element Ln which can realize additional properties ranging from superconductivity (e. g. LaPtBi[12]) to magnetism (e. g. GdPtBi[13]) and heavy-fermion behavior (e. g. YbPtBi[14]). These properties can open new research directions in realizing the quantized anomalous Hall effect and topological superconductors.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Generating Function For Network Delay
Creators: name: Sukhov, A. M.
name: Kuznetsova, N. Yu.
name: Pervitsky, A. K.
name: Galtsev, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.5

description: In this paper correspondence between experimental data for packet delay and two theoretical types of distribution is investigated. Statistical tests have shown that only exponential distribution can be used for the description of packet delays in global network. Precision experimental data to within microseconds are gathered by means of the RIPE Test Box. Statistical verification of hypothesis has shown that distribution parameters remain constants during 500 second intervals at least. In paper cumulative distribution function and generating function for packet delay in network are in an explicit form written down, the algorithm of search of parameters of distribution is resulted.
description: 5 pages, 4 Tables, 5 Figures
Festsetzung der Entschädigung für die Bemühungen bei den Diplomprüfungen an Joseph Wolfgang von Deschwanden (1819-1866), beschlossen durch den Schweizerischen Schulrat
Creators: name: Schule, Eidgenössische Polytechnische, Behörden, Lehrkörper und Verwaltung
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1862

description: Auszug des Beschlusses vom 26.8.1862 in Zürich aus dem Protokoll des Präsidenten des Schweiz. Schulrates, zuhanden von J. W. von Deschwanden, unter Angabe der Höhe der Entschädigung (50 Franken).
Unterzeichnet von Johann Gustav Stocker (1820-1889), Sekretär des Schweiz. Schulrates
Map #21, 5MT10684, Kiva 108, Nonstructure 103, and Arbitrary Unit 102, Stratigraphic Profile
Creators: name: DeVos, Jim
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Southwestern Colorado
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2810/southwestern-colorado
subject: Southwestern US
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84604/southwestern-us
subject: Basketmaker III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/78/basketmaker-iii
subject: Pueblo II
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/55/pueblo-ii
subject: Pueblo III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/56/pueblo-iii
subject: 5MT10684
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118034/5mt10684
subject: Dry Ridge site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118033/dry-ridge-site

description: Site 5MT10684, Kiva 108, Nonstructure 103, and Arbitrary Unit 102, Stratigraphic Profile.
Joseph Wolfgang von Deschwanden (1819-1866) an die Gemeinderatskanzlei Unterstrass
Creators: name: Deschwanden, Joseph Wolfgang von
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1863

description: Brief aus dem Schanzenberg.
Abmeldung bei der Kanzlei, unter Angabe des Umzugs nach dem Schanzenberg, Gemeinde Zürich.
Zusätzlich darauf notiert: Mitteilung der Gemeinderatskanzlei Unterstrass
Know you, no me : people seek others' political leanings but withhold their own in first encounters
Creators: name: Thomas, Irein Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: In a first conversation with a stranger, people choose what information they want to seek from others and reveal about themselves. How do they make these choices with political information? One guiding factor might be how much political identity represents the true self, who someone really is. The true self has moral content, and because peoples’ political identity unveils their moral worldview, people might use political identity to understand others’ true self. A first between-subjects study (N = 187, 1122 observations) found that people thought political identities, compared to other identities (e.g., religion, occupation, gender, socioeconomic status, ethnicity), was the most representative of the true self. Study 2 (N = 217, 868 observations) replicated Study 1’s findings using a relationship app context: people chose to both seek others’ politics and reveal their own politics more on the app when they prioritized the true self (vs. superficial self). Study 3 (N = 111, 1539 observations) found that people preferred to seek others’ politics (to know others’ true self) more than reveal their own politics (to not reveal their own true self) in a first conversation. Study 4 (N = 592 participants, 5920 observations) established that the true self is the mechanism underlying the asymmetrical political information exchange in first encounters—when people see a true self prompt (vs. a superficial self prompt vs. no-prompt) on a relationship app, they reveal more political information. We discuss implications and future directions.
Dynamics of soil organic carbon in the steppes of Russia and Kazakhstan under past and future climate and land use
Creators: name: Rolinski, Susanne
name: Prishchepov, Alexander
name: Guggenberger, Georg
name: Bischoff, Norbert
name: Kurganova, Irina
name: Schierhorn, Florian
name: Müller, Daniel
name: Müller, Christoph
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Carbon emissions
subject: Soil carbon stocks
subject: Model simulations
subject: Steppe region
subject: Cropland expansion
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: Changes in land use and climate are the main drivers of change in soil organic matter contents. We investigated the impact of the largest policy-induced land conversion to arable land, the Virgin Lands Campaign (VLC), from 1954 to 1963, of the massive cropland abandonment after 1990 and of climate change on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in steppes of Russia and Kazakhstan. We simulated carbon budgets from the pre-VLC period (1900) until 2100 using a dynamic vegetation model to assess the impacts of observed land-use change as well as future climate and land-use change scenarios. The simulations suggest for the entire VLC region (266 million hectares) that the historic cropland expansion resulted in emissions of 1.6⋅ 1015 g (= 1.6 Pg) carbon between 1950 and 1965 compared to 0.6 Pg in a scenario without the expansion. From 1990 to 2100, climate change alone is projected to cause emissions of about 1.8 (± 1.1) Pg carbon. Hypothetical recultivation of the cropland that has been abandoned after the fall of the Soviet Union until 2050 may cause emissions of 3.5 (± 0.9) Pg carbon until 2100, whereas the abandonment of all cropland until 2050 would lead to sequestration of 1.8 (± 1.2) Pg carbon. For the climate scenarios based on SRES (Special Report on Emission Scenarios) emission pathways, SOC declined only moderately for constant land use but substantially with further cropland expansion. The variation of SOC in response to the climate scenarios was smaller than that in response to the land-use scenarios. This suggests that the effects of land-use change on SOC dynamics may become as relevant as those of future climate change in the Eurasian steppes.
An O(loglog n)-Competitive Binary Search Tree with Optimal Worst-Case Access Times
Creators: name: Bose, Prosenjit
name: Douïeb, Karim
name: Dujmovic, Vida
name: Fagerberg, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the zipper tree, an $O(\log \log n)$-competitive online binary search tree that performs each access in $O(\log n)$ worst-case time. This shows that for binary search trees, optimal worst-case access time and near-optimal amortized access time can be guaranteed simultaneously.
description: IMADA-preprint-cs
The Protocol on Water and Health as a Strategy for Global Water Governance Integration
Creators: name: Viñuales, Jorge
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019

description: The 2018 report issued by a High-Level Panel on Water convened by the UN Secretary-General and the President of the World Bank, and consisting of 11 sitting heads of State and government, concluded that one of the main challenges facing global water governance is integration. Finding ways of integrating the different layers and areas of global water governance will, in turn, require institutional innovation. This article explores the potential of a well-tested yet largely under-studied approach to integration, namely that provided by the UNECE/WHO-Europe Protocol on Water and Health. It proposes that the Protocol be relied on both as an instrument and as a model that can be harnessed in four main ways: accession by a State or a regional organization (eg the EU) to the Protocol; amendment to give the Protocol a global scope; as a model framework for development, cooperation and foreign policy; as a model framework for the adoption of a contextualized instrument in another regional context.
description: Newton Fund (ESRC grant no ES/N013174/1, BRIDGE Project)
title: Early Permian rhyolite volcanism and Jurassic alteration, Northern Schwarzwald, Germany - new evidence from geochemistry and U-Pb dating of zircon, monazite, uraninite, and xenotime
Creators: name: Drüppel, Kirsten
name: Agca, Emre
name: Zeh, Armin
name: Grimmer, Jens
name: Waitzinger, Michael
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Formation of Early Permian rhyolites in the Schwarzwald postdates the exhumation of Variscan granites and gneisses. Although similar Permian volcanics are recognized across Central Europe, little is known so far about their source(s), precise ages, magmatic evolution, and later alteration. To answer these questions, we investigated 68 rhyolite samples (lavas, tuffs, ignimbrites, diatremes) from five different localities in the Northern Schwarzwald.

Most rhyolite samples contain phenocrysts of quartz, K-feldspar, and biotite set in a fine grained groundmass rich in secondary illite and hematite. Igneous zircon, monazite, Fe-Ti oxides, apatite, and uraninite are common accessories. All samples are peraluminous high-SiO2 rhyolites with calc-alkaline compositions. Mantle-normalized trace element patterns show negative Ba, Sr, Eu, and Ti anomalies, indicating plagioclase and Fe-Ti oxide fractionation. REE patterns with LREE enrichment and deep negative Eu anomalies characterize them as hot-dry-reduced rhyolites, typically occurring above areas of mantle upwelling. A likely source are lower crustal dry metasediments.

Secondary alteration is correlated with increases in Al2O3, LOI, Li, and As. At one locality, a unique secondary REE-P-As-Th-S assemblage, comprising monazite, gasparite, thorite, xenotime, and galenite, is observed. The As-REE-rich phases presumably originated from alteration of primary monazite, zircon, and apatite by As-rich aqueous fluids.

U-Pb La-ICP-MS dating of igneous zircon, monazite, and uraninite from different localities yields consistent crystallization ages of 296.0 ± 1.3, 297.5 ± 2.9 Ma, and 296.2 ± 1.1, respectively. A later Early Jurassic alteration event is evidenced by U-Pb ages of 181.5 ± 2.1 and 173.5 ± 1.6 Ma determined for secondary xenotime.
A finite element method for second order nonvariational elliptic problems
Creators: name: Lakkis, Omar
name: Pryer, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30, 65Y20, 65F99

description: We propose a numerical method to approximate the solution of second order elliptic problems in nonvariational form. The method is of Galerkin type using conforming finite elements and applied directly to the nonvariational (nondivergence) form of a second order linear elliptic problem. The key tools are an appropriate concept of a 'finite element Hessian' and a Schur complement approach to solving the resulting linear algebra problem. The method is illustrated with computational experiments on three linear and one quasilinear PDE, all in nonvariational form.
description: 6 figures and 2 tables
title: Subsidence monitoring above the gas storage cavern field Epe (North Rhine-Westphalia) with Interferometric SAR displacement time series
Creators: name: Seidel, Alison
name: Westerhaus, Malte
name: Even, Markus
name: Kutterer, Hansjörg
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The first Hydrogen storage caverns of Germany are planned to be constructed at the salt cavern field Epe in NRW, where 114 caverns, of which more than 50 are currently used for natural gas storage, are located. Since gas filled caverns experience convergence over time and thus cause subsidence at the surface, it is important to have a monitoring concept with high spatial and temporal resolution, to predict future subsidence and potential damage to infrastructure, but also to detect unexpected subsidence quickly and assist in identifying the cause.

Epe displays a complex surface deformation field, consisting of cavern convergence caused linear trends, as well as precipitation dependent seasonal and cavern pressure dependent contributions as shown in previous studies of the area.

As part of the SAMUH2-Project, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Climate Protection, we are working on a monitoring concept to incorporate the already established methods of yearly levelling and GNSS measurements into our approach of using Interferometric SAR (InSAR) time series, which provide not only high spatial, but also good temporal resolution. Here, we use Sentinel-1 SAR data from 2015 to 2022, and process time series by using a joint approach of persistent scatterer (PS) and distributed scatterer (DS) techniques.

Our results show good agreement of the InSAR time series with other geodetic measuring methods. We can distinguish the signals of the different source mechanisms well and can even model varying cavern convergence rates, depending on the extent of the yearly cavern depletion and filling.
title: The complimentary records of ancient differentiation events preserved by Archean-aged crust and modern ocean island basalts
Creators: name: Peters, Bradley James
name: Ravindran, Arathy
name: Halfar, Marc
name: Mundl-Petermeier, Andrea
name: Herret, Marie-Theres
name: Rundhaug, Courtney Jean
name: Finlayson, Valerie A.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Modern terrestrial mantle-derived rocks display a rich diversity of isotopic compositions that have been key to understanding the assembly of the silicate Earth over the last 2-3 billion years. Parallel to these advancements was an increasing understanding that Archean-aged cratonic rocks provide a window into foundational terrestrial processes that occurred in the first 1-2 billion years of Earth history. The study and application of these distinct records remained mostly independent until statistical and instrumental precision improved enough to measure meaningful heterogeneity in short-lived radiogenic isotopes (especially 142Nd and 182W) among young mantle-derived rocks. Recent developments in the study of ocean island basalts have revealed that some early domains in Earth’s mantle have never been fully homogenized and may also preserve information about foundational Earth processes.

The 182W/184W records of Archean and modern rocks are especially complimentary and reflect differing perspectives on core formation and subsequent late accretion processes. On the other hand, the 142Nd/144Nd signatures of some ocean island basalts may reflect the same global differentiation event preserved by many less altered cratonic rocks of Archean age. Continuing advancement in analytical precision will increase the potential to integrate the study of Archean-aged and modern rocks as mutually beneficial tools to understand processes such as core and dynamo formation, crustal differentiation, plate tectonics, and impact events. In turn, a detailed understanding of our planet’s early history in these respects is critical to identify which terrestrial exoplanets have the geological propensity to host life.
title: Spatio-temporal Dynamics of Hydrothermal Circulation over 10 million years of Ultraslow- Rifting and Spreading
Creators: name: Garcia-Pintado, Javier
name: Perez-Gussinye, Marta
name: Mezri, Leila
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Present spatiotemporal variations of hydrothermal fluxes in the modern and recent ocean provide an observational snapshot of the dynamic interaction between the tectonics of ocean basins and submarine hydrothermal systems. In order to support the understanding of feedbacks between tectonics and the life cycle of hydrothermal systems, we discuss the mechanical, fluid flow and heat flux patterns in a coupled ThermoHydroMechanical model at the ocean basin scale. The case study is an ultra-slow spreading basin, evolving from the initial rifting stages up to the ridge formation. Heat release by plastic deformation at fractures and faults, exothermic serpentinization reactions, sensible and latent crystallization heat from magmatic emplacement and radiogenic heat provide different energy-source signatures promoting hydrothermal activity. The large basin-scale domain allows us to navigate through the evolution of the modelled concurrent hydrothermal systems, emerging and decaying in consonance with the tectonics and the energy-sources. We discuss how the evolving permeability field in crust and sediments exerts a strong control on the hydrothermal circulation, and describe the dynamics of reorganization patterns in fluid flow in response to the mechanical strains and heat sources.
Apathy after stroke: Diagnosis, mechanisms, consequences, and treatment
Creators: name: Tay, Jonathan
name: Morris, Robin G
name: Markus, Hugh S
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Review
Apathy
depression
stroke
diagnosis
outcomes
neurobiology
treatment

description: Apathy is a reduction in goal-directed activity in the cognitive, behavioral, emotional, or social domains of a patient’s life and occurs in one out of three patients after stroke. Despite this, apathy is clinically under-recognized and poorly understood. This overview provides a contemporary introduction to apathy in stroke for researchers and practitioners, covering topics including diagnosis, neurobiological mechanisms, associated consequences, and potential treatments for apathy. Apathy is often misdiagnosed as other post-stroke conditions such as depression. Accurate differential diagnosis of apathy, which manifests as reductions in initiative, and depression, which manifests as negative emotionality, is important as it informs prognosis. Research on the neurobiology of apathy suggests that there are few consistent associations between stroke lesion location and the development of apathy. These may be resolved by adopting a network neuroscience approach, which models apathy as a pathology arising from structural or functional damage to brain networks underlying motivated behavior. Importantly, networks can be affected by physiological changes related to stroke, including the acute infarct but also diaschisis and neurodegeneration. Aside from neurobiological changes, apathy is also associated with other negative outcome measures such as functional disability, cognitive impairment, and emotional distress, suggesting that apathy is indicative of a worse prognosis following stroke. Unfortunately, high-quality trials aimed at treating apathy are scarce. Antidepressants may have limited effects on apathy. Acetylcholine and dopamine pharmacotherapy, behavioral interventions, and transcranial magnetic stimulation may be more promising avenues for treatment.
Map #415, Site 5MT10647, Nonstructure 112, Arbitrary Unit 107, and Arbitrary Unit 113, Stratigraphic Profile
Creators: name: DeVos, Jim
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Southwestern Colorado
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2810/southwestern-colorado
subject: Southwestern US
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84604/southwestern-us
subject: Basketmaker III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/78/basketmaker-iii
subject: Pueblo I
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/54/pueblo-i
subject: Pueblo II
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/55/pueblo-ii
subject: 5MT10647
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118013/5mt10647
subject: Dillard Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118012/dillard-site

description: Site 5MT10647, Nonstructure 112, Arbitrary Unit 107, and Arbitrary Unit 113, Stratigraphic Profile
title: The Geometadatenplattform METAVER and its application in the state Brandenburg/Germany
Creators: name: Lukas, Beate
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
METAVER (https://metaver.de/) is the central platform for recording and publishing (INSPIRE) geospatial metadata from various federal states of Germany. It offers various interfaces for recording and further processing metadata. An editor tailored to the requirements in the institutional area supports standard-compliant recording, according to various aspects of metadata rules in Germany. A web application enables comfortable research and visualization of data sources and providing services. METAVER was implemented with the INGRID software, which is being developed as part of an administrative cooperation of all federal states of Germany.
 In the state of Brandenburg, and here specifically in the environmental sector, various requirements are covered by the application. The requirements result, for example, from the Environmental Information Act, the INSPIRE Directive and the OpenData Act.
 The talk describes the framework conditions of the application and its basic structure and discusses the synergy effects of the application throughout the METAVER partners.. It also describes the integration of data interfaces of the state of Brandenburg and their integration into processes such as the Opendata strategy and provision of metadata according to the INSPIRE Directive.
title: Fracture permeability evolution as a result of long-term geochemical granite alteration in geothermal systems: A combined experiment and modelling approach
Creators: name: Harpers, Nick
name: Kampman, Niko
name: Buckman, Jim
name: Menke, Hannah
name: Maes, Julien
name: Busch, Andreas
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Geothermal systems in crystalline basement rocks require fractures and faults to allow economic heat production. Sufficient permeability of these flow paths is vital and affects the lifetime of such systems. As fluids are produced and reinjected, the resulting flow, fluid mixing as well as related pressure and temperature changes affect the geochemical equilibria between fluids and host rock. Disequilibria of fluids and rock then potentially drive geochemical alteration (e.g., dissolution, precipitation, illitisation). Such changes can affect the hydraulic properties of the major flow paths of the fault zones. Cornwall in SW England hosts several granitic plutons that are subject of current geothermal projects (United Downs Deep Geothermal Power and Eden Projects). These projects target fault zones in crystalline rock as pathways for fluid flow.

To study the effects of geochemical alterations on fracture permeability in granites, we conducted a series of long-term reactive transport experiments in our unique flow-through reactor setup. Carnmenellis granite samples from central Cornwall have been collected of which small, artificially fractured plugs (15 mm length, 10 mm width) and powders (< 125 μm grain size) were prepared. We injected water with different fluid composition, representing brines encountered around geothermal systems, into the fractured granite plugs and pulverized gouges at 80 °C and 20 MPa confining pressure. The development of sample permeability and effluent composition are analysed. CT-scans are used to analyse changes in fracture and gouge structure. To complement the experiments, we model our system with GeoChemFoam [Maes and Menke, 2021], an OpenFOAM-based reactive-transport modelling code.
Opportunistic diagnosis of osteoporosis, fragile bone strength and vertebral fractures from routine CT scans; a review of approved technology systems and pathways to implementation
Creators: name: Aggarwal, Veena
name: Maslen, Christina
name: Abel, Richard L.
name: Bhattacharya, Pinaki
name: Bromiley, Paul A
name: Clark, Emma M.
name: Compston, Juliet E.
name: Crabtree, Nicola
name: Gregory, Jennifer S.
name: Kariki, Eleni P.
name: Harvey, Nicholas C.
name: Ward, Kate A.
name: Poole, Kenneth E. S.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Review
artificial intelligence
computed tomography
epidemiology
fragility fracture
innovation
Osteoporosis
QCT
screening
technology
vertebral fracture

description: Osteoporosis causes bones to become weak, porous and fracture more easily. While a vertebral fracture is the archetypal fracture of osteoporosis, it is also the most difficult to diagnose clinically. Patients often suffer further spine or other fractures, deformity, height loss and pain before diagnosis. There were an estimated 520,000 fragility fractures in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2017 (costing £4.5 billion), a figure set to increase 30% by 2030. One way to improve both vertebral fracture identification and the diagnosis of osteoporosis is to assess a patient’s spine or hips during routine computed tomography (CT) scans. Patients attend routine CT for diagnosis and monitoring of various medical conditions, but the skeleton can be overlooked as radiologists concentrate on the primary reason for scanning. More than half a million CT scans done each year in the National Health Service (NHS) could potentially be screened for osteoporosis (increasing 5% annually). If CT-based screening became embedded in practice, then the technique could have a positive clinical impact in the identification of fragility fracture and/or low bone density. Several companies have developed software methods to diagnose osteoporosis/fragile bone strength and/or identify vertebral fractures in CT datasets, using various methods that include image processing, computational modelling, artificial intelligence and biomechanical engineering concepts. Technology to evaluate Hounsfield units is used to calculate bone density, but not necessarily bone strength. In this rapid evidence review, we summarise the current literature underpinning approved technologies for opportunistic screening of routine CT images to identify fractures, bone density or strength information. We highlight how other new software technologies have become embedded in NHS clinical practice (having overcome barriers to implementation) and highlight how the novel osteoporosis technologies could follow suit. We define the key unanswered questions where further research is needed to enable the adoption of these technologies for maximal patient benefit.
Variability and stability in blazar jets on time scales of years: Optical polarization monitoring of OJ287 in 2005-2009
Creators: name: Villforth, C.
name: Nilsson, K.
name: Heidt, J.
name: Takalo, L. O.
name: Pursimo, T.
name: Berdyugin, A.
name: Lindfors, E.
name: Pasanen, M.
name: Winiarski, M.
name: Drozdz, M.
name: Ogloza, W.
name: Kurpinska-Winiarska, M.
name: Siwak, M.
name: Koziel-Wierzbowska, D.
name: Porowski, C.
name: Kuzmicz, A.
name: Krzesinski, J.
name: Kundera, T.
name: Wu, J. -H.
name: Zhou, X.
name: Efimov, Y.
name: Sadakane, K.
name: Kamada, M.
name: Ohlert, J.
name: Hentunen, V. -P.
name: Nissinen, M.
name: Dietrich, M.
name: Assef, R. J.
name: Atlee, D. W.
name: Bird, J.
name: DePoy, D. L.
name: Eastman, J.
name: Peeples, M. S.
name: Prieto, J.
name: Watson, L.
name: Yee, J. C.
name: Liakos, A.
name: Niarchos, P.
name: Gazeas, K.
name: Dogru, S.
name: Donmez, A.
name: Marchev, D.
name: Coggins-Hill, S. A.
name: Mattingly, A.
name: Keel, W. C.
name: Haque, S.
name: Aungwerojwit, A.
name: Bergvall, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) OJ287 is a BL Lac object that has shown double-peaked bursts at regular intervals of ~12 yr during the last ~40 yr. We analyse optical photopolarimetric monitoring data from 2005-2009, during which the latest double-peaked outburst occurred. The aim of this study is twofold: firstly, we aim to analyse variability patterns and statistical properties of the optical polarization light-curve. We find a strong preferred position angle in optical polarization. The preferred position angle can be explained by separating the jet emission into two components: an optical polarization core and chaotic jet emission. The optical polarization core is stable on time scales of years and can be explained as emission from an underlying quiescent jet component. The chaotic jet emission sometimes exhibits a circular movement in the Stokes plane. We interpret these events as a shock front moving forwards and backwards in the jet, swiping through a helical magnetic field. Secondly, we use our data to assess different binary black hole models proposed to explain the regularly appearing double-peaked bursts in OJ287. We compose a list of requirements a model has to fulfil. The list includes not only characteristics of the light-curve but also other properties of OJ287, such as the black hole mass and restrictions on accretion flow properties. We rate all existing models using this list and conclude that none of the models is able to explain all observations. We discuss possible new explanations and propose a new approach to understanding OJ287. We suggest that both the double-peaked bursts and the evolution of the optical polarization position angle could be explained as a sign of resonant accretion of magnetic field lines, a 'magnetic breathing' of the disc.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (26 pages, 24 figures, 4 tables)
Remote care for mental health: qualitative study with service users, carers and staff during the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Liberati, Elisa
name: Richards, Natalie
name: Parker, Jennie
name: Willars, Janet
name: Scott, David
name: Boydell, Nicola
name: Pinfold, Vanessa
name: Martin, Graham
name: Dixon-Woods, Mary
name: Jones, Peter
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Mental health
1506
1712
mental health
qualitative research
COVID-19

description: Objectives: To explore the experiences of service users, carers and staff seeking or providing secondary mental health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: Qualitative interview study, codesigned with mental health service users and carers. Methods: We conducted semistructured, telephone or online interviews with a purposively constructed sample; a lived experience researcher conducted and analysed interviews with service users. Analysis was based on the constant comparison method. Setting: National Health Service (NHS) secondary mental health services in England between June and August 2020. Participants: Of 65 participants, 20 had either accessed or needed to access English secondary mental healthcare during the pandemic; 10 were carers of people with mental health difficulties; 35 were members of staff working in NHS secondary mental health services during the pandemic. Results: Experiences of remote care were mixed. Some service users valued the convenience of remote methods in the context of maintaining contact with familiar clinicians. Most participants commented that a lack of non-verbal cues and the loss of a therapeutic ‘safe space’ challenged therapeutic relationship building, assessments and identification of deteriorating mental well-being. Some carers felt excluded from remote meetings and concerned that assessments were incomplete without their input. Like service users, remote methods posed challenges for clinicians who reported uncertainty about technical options and a lack of training. All groups expressed concern about intersectionality exacerbating inequalities and the exclusion of some service user groups if alternatives to remote care are lost. Conclusions: Though remote mental healthcare is likely to become increasingly widespread in secondary mental health services, our findings highlight the continued importance of a tailored, personal approach to decision making in this area. Further research should focus on which types of consultations best suit face-to-face interaction, and for whom and why, and which can be provided remotely and by which medium.
Integrated New Approach Methods Using Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Larvae and Transcriptomics Produce Points of Departure that are Protective of Chronic Toxicity Effects
Creators: name: Curry, Jory
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Transcriptomics
subject: Point of Departure
subject: Ecotoxicology
subject: Toxicology
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Dose Response
subject: New Approach Methods
subject: Concentration response
subject: Integrated approaches to testing and assessment
subject: chemical risk assessment

description: There is growing concern that current toxicological test methods are too slow and expensive to evaluate the safety of the thousands of chemicals in the Canadian economy. In this thesis, a novel zebrafish embryo test, with integrated behaviour, energy expenditure and gene transcription assays, was used to assess the hazard of a diverse suite of 29 chemicals. I hypothesized that points of departure (PODs) from the integrated test would be protective of the long-term toxic effects of these chemicals. I found that: 1) integrating alternative test methods enhanced the sensitivity of the zebrafish embryo acute toxicity (FET) test, 2) integrated results provided a holistic understanding of potential mechanisms of action and effects, and 3) transcriptional PODs were protective of PODs from traditional long-term and short-term juvenile and adult fish toxicity tests reported in the literature. This integrated zebrafish embryo test is a sensitive, informative and protective chemical hazard screening tool.
Exploring the antisaccade task in relation to motor and cognitive functions in adults with mild to moderate idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease
Creators: name: Kuzmuk, Leah Elsie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor impairments including bradykinesia, rest tremor, and postural instability. In addition, motor dysfunction appears in oculomotor abnormalities, specifically saccadic eye movement deficits. It is now recognized that PD extends beyond motor impairments and affects sensory and cognitive domains. PD alters a range of cognitive functions, but particularly affects response inhibition, even early in the disease course. The antisaccade task is an oculomotor paradigm used to evaluate response inhibition and is a sensitive indicator of PD. Antisaccade task performance has been well characterized in PD patients, but it is unclear what factors contribute to these deficits. Here we investigated whether antisaccade performance in mild to moderate PD is related to motor function, executive function, and or general cognitive ability. We evaluated pro- and antisaccade performance in 17 patients and 20 matched controls. Saccade latencies, amplitudes, and error rates were compared between groups, and were correlated to performance on a series of motor (Timed up and Go test) and cognitive tasks (Trail Making Task, Stroop Task, and matrices sub-test of the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Index). Relative to controls, patients showed smaller amplitude prosaccades, and more than double the frequency of errors when executing antisaccades (patients M=21.7% SD= 18.6%; controls M=10.5%, SD=11.43%; p=0.013; d= 0.72). However, patients performed equal to, or better than controls on the battery of motor and cognitive assessments. Our results cautiously suggest that PD patients show deficits in response inhibition despite an absence of cognitive dysfunction on standard neuropsychological tools. With additional investigation, antisaccade task performance has the potential to be a sensitive indicator of early changes in response inhibition in PD, to be used as a tool in compliment with clinical evaluation.
Changes in daily mental health service use and mortality at the commencement and lifting of COVID-19 ‘lockdown’ policy in 10 UK sites: a regression discontinuity in time design
Creators: name: Bakolis, Ioannis
name: Stewart, Robert
name: Baldwin, David
name: Beenstock, Jane
name: Bibby, Paul
name: Broadbent, Matthew
name: Cardinal, Rudolf
name: Chen, Shanquan
name: Chinnasamy, Karthik
name: Cipriani, Andrea
name: Douglas, Simon
name: Horner, Philip
name: Jackson, Caroline A
name: John, Ann
name: Joyce, Dan W
name: Lee, Sze Chim
name: Lewis, Jonathan
name: McIntosh, Andrew
name: Nixon, Neil
name: Osborn, David
name: Phiri, Peter
name: Rathod, Shanaya
name: Smith, Tanya
name: Sokal, Rachel
name: Waller, Rob
name: Landau, Sabine
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Mental health
1506
2474
1712
COVID-19
mental health
organisation of health services
adult psychiatry
old age psychiatry

description: Objectives: To investigate changes in daily mental health (MH) service use and mortality in response to the introduction and the lifting of the COVID-19 ‘lockdown’ policy in Spring 2020. Design: A regression discontinuity in time (RDiT) analysis of daily service-level activity. Setting and participants: Mental healthcare data were extracted from 10 UK providers. Outcome measures: Daily (weekly for one site) deaths from all causes, referrals and discharges, inpatient care (admissions, discharges, caseloads) and community services (face-to-face (f2f)/non-f2f contacts, caseloads): Adult, older adult and child/adolescent mental health; early intervention in psychosis; home treatment teams and liaison/Accident and Emergency (A&E). Data were extracted from 1 Jan 2019 to 31 May 2020 for all sites, supplemented to 31 July 2020 for four sites. Changes around the commencement and lifting of COVID-19 ‘lockdown’ policy (23 March and 10 May, respectively) were estimated using a RDiT design with a difference-in-difference approach generating incidence rate ratios (IRRs), meta-analysed across sites. Results: Pooled estimates for the lockdown transition showed increased daily deaths (IRR 2.31, 95% CI 1.86 to 2.87), reduced referrals (IRR 0.62, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.70) and reduced inpatient admissions (IRR 0.75, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.83) and caseloads (IRR 0.85, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.91) compared with the pre lockdown period. All community services saw shifts from f2f to non-f2f contacts, but varied in caseload changes. Lift of lockdown was associated with reduced deaths (IRR 0.42, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.66), increased referrals (IRR 1.36, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.60) and increased inpatient admissions (IRR 1.21, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.42) and caseloads (IRR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.12) compared with the lockdown period. Site-wide activity, inpatient care and community services did not return to pre lockdown levels after lift of lockdown, while number of deaths did. Between-site heterogeneity most often indicated variation in size rather than direction of effect. Conclusions: MH service delivery underwent sizeable changes during the first national lockdown, with as-yet unknown and unevaluated consequences.
Order flow dynamics around extreme price changes on an emerging stock market
Creators: name: Mu, Guo-Hua
name: Zhou, Wei-Xing
name: Chen, Wei
name: Kertesz, Janos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We study the dynamics of order flows around large intraday price changes using ultra-high-frequency data from the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. We find a significant reversal of price for both intraday price decreases and increases with a permanent price impact. The volatility, the volume of different types of orders, the bid-ask spread, and the volume imbalance increase before the extreme events and decay slowly as a power law, which forms a well-established peak. The volume of buy market orders increases faster and the corresponding peak appears earlier than for sell market orders around positive events, while the volume peak of sell market orders leads buy market orders in the magnitude and time around negative events. When orders are divided into four groups according to their aggressiveness, we find that the behaviors of order volume and order number are similar, except for buy limit orders and canceled orders that the peak of order number postpones two minutes later after the peak of order volume, implying that investors placing large orders are more informed and play a central role in large price fluctuations. We also study the relative rates of different types of orders and find differences in the dynamics of relative rates between buy orders and sell orders and between individual investors and institutional investors. There is evidence showing that institutions behave very differently from individuals and that they have more aggressive strategies. Combing these findings, we conclude that institutional investors are more informed and play a more influential role in driving large price fluctuations.
description: 22 pages
title: Leaf-wax n-alkane composition of an extinct Middle to Late Jurassic plant assemblage dominated by bennettitaleans
Creators: name: von Nolting, Lisa
name: Rohrmann, Alexander
name: Pott, Christian
name: Jiang, Baoyu
name: Hethke, Manja
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Leaf-wax n-alkane concentrations and average chain lengths (ACL) significantly vary among extant gymnosperm groups. When investigating deep-time archives, further plant groups need to be considered that since went extinct. Also, entirely aquatic plants, as known in the angiosperm clade, are not known to be amongst any fossil or extant gymnosperm group. The Middle to Late Jurassic macroplant assemblage preserved in the volcanic lake deposits of the Haifanggou Formation in Inner Mongolia, China, and attributed to the Yanliao Fossillagerstätte, reflects such a gymnosperm-dominated environment, amongst which the extinct Bennettitales constituted the dominant seed-plant component, with ginkgophytes and cupressoid conifers as additional major components. This fossil environment existed c. 35 million years prior to the rise of the angiosperms. The current study examines the relative n-alkane concentrations preserved in 33 samples from two excavations in the Haifanggou Formation. Despite the high age of the sampled strata, n-alkane preservation is excellent. In addition, the two excavations yield mean ACL25–37 values of 28.2 and 27.8, respectively, and the n-alkane distributions are dominated by n-C27 alkanes and, in some samples, by n-C25 alkanes. Thus, given that Bennettitales were the dominant plant group in the assemblage, we hypothesize that bennettitalean cuticles were composed of n-alkanes with relatively short chain lengths compared to extant gymnosperm groups. To corroborate this hypothesis, further verification through direct analysis of well-preserved fossil cuticles of Bennettitales is warranted.