cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
S17(0) Determined from the Coulomb Breakup of 83 MeV/nucleon 8B
Creators: name: Davids, B.
name: Anthony, D. W.
name: Aumann, T.
name: Austin, Sam M.
name: Baumann, T.
name: Bazin, D.
name: Clement, R. R. C.
name: Davids, C. N.
name: Esbensen, H.
name: Lofy, P. A.
name: Nakamura, T.
name: Sherrill, B. M.
name: Yurkon, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A kinematically complete measurement was made of the Coulomb dissociation of 8B nuclei on a Pb target at 83 MeV/nucleon. The cross section was measured at low relative energies in order to infer the astrophysical S factor for the 7Be(p,gamma)8B reaction. A first-order perturbation theory analysis of the reaction dynamics including E1, E2, and M1 transitions was employed to extract the E1 strength relevant to neutrino-producing reactions in the solar interior. By fitting the measured cross section from Erel = 130 keV to 400 keV, we find S17(0) = 17.8 (+1.4, -1.2) eV b.
Additional file 1 of The role of SK3 in progesterone-induced inhibition of human fallopian tubal contraction
Creators: name: Zhang, Duo
name: Zhu, Qian
name: Xia, Wei
name: Zhu, Chenfeng
name: Zhao, Xiaoya
name: Zhang, Yiqin
name: He, Chuqing
name: Ji, Sifan
name: Li, Xiaocui
name: Zhang, Jian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Antibodies used for western blotting (WB), immunohistochemisctry (IHC) and immunocytochemistry (ICC).
Additional file 8: of High-resolution population structure and runs of homozygosity reveal the genetic architecture of complex traits in the Lipizzan horse
Creators: name: Grilz-Seger, Gertrud
name: Druml, Thomas
name: Neuditschko, Markus
name: Dobretsberger, Max
name: Horna, Michaela
name: Brem, Gottfried
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Gene Ontology (GO) terms and KEGG pathways based on annotated genes embedded in ROH islands for the Lipizzan horses from the Hungarian state stud farm SzilvasvĂĄrad. (DOC 62 kb)
Solving Two-Player Games under Progress Assumptions
Creators: name: Schmuck, Anne-Kathrin
name: Thejaswini, K. S.
name: Sağlam, Irmak
name: Nayak, Satya Prakash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers the problem of solving infinite two-player games over finite graphs under various classes of progress assumptions motivated by applications in cyber-physical system (CPS) design.
 Formally, we consider a game graph G, a temporal specification $Φ$ and a temporal assumption $ψ$, where both are given as linear temporal logic (LTL) formulas over the vertex set of G. We call the tuple $(G,Φ,ψ)$ an 'augmented game' and interpret it in the classical way, i.e., winning the augmented game $(G,Φ,ψ)$ is equivalent to winning the (standard) game $(G,ψ\implies Φ)$. Given a reachability or parity game $(G,Φ)$ and some progress assumption $ψ$, this paper establishes whether solving the augmented game $(G,Φ,ψ)$ lies in the same complexity class as solving $(G,Φ)$. While the answer to this question is negative for arbitrary combinations of $Φ$ and $ψ$, a positive answer results in more efficient algorithms, in particular for large game graphs.
 We therefore restrict our attention to particular classes of CPS-motivated progress assumptions and establish the worst-case time complexity of the resulting augmented games. Thereby, we pave the way towards a better understanding of assumption classes that can enable the development of efficient solution algorithms in augmented two-player games.
description: VMCAI 2024. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1904.12446 by other authors
The 1.4 GHz Cosmic Star Formation History at z < 1.3
Creators: name: Upjohn, James E.
name: Brown, Michael J. I.
name: Hopkins, Andrew M.
name: Bonne, Nicolas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the cosmic star formation history out to z = 1.3 using a sample of 918 radio-selected star forming galaxies within the 2 square degree COSMOS field. To increase our sample size, we combine 1.4 GHz flux densities from the VLA-COSMOS catalogue with flux densities measured from the VLA-COSMOS radio continuum image at the positions of I < 26.5 galaxies, enabling us to detect 1.4 GHz sources as faint as 40 uJy. We find radio measurements of the cosmic star formation history are highly dependent on sample completeness and models used to extrapolate the faint end of the radio luminosity function. For our preferred model of the luminosity function, we find the star formation rate density increases from 0.019 Solar masses per year per cubic Mpc at z = 0.225 to 0.104 Solar masses per year per cubic Mpc, which agrees to within 33% of recent UV, IR and 3 GHz measurements of the cosmic star formation history.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia
The Stress Transmission Universality Classes of Periodic Granular Arrays
Creators: name: Ball, R. C.
name: Grinev, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transmission of stress is analysed for static periodic arrays of rigid grains, with perfect and zero friction. For minimal coordination number (which is sensitive to friction, sphericity and dimensionality), the stress distribution is soluble without reference to the corresponding displacement fields. In non-degenerate cases, the constitutive equations are found to be simple linear in the stress components. The corresponding coefficients depend crucially upon geometrical disorder of the grain contacts.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Constraints on dark energy from TDCOSMO & SLACS lenses
Creators: name: Hogg, Natalie B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Problems with the cosmological constant model of dark energy motivate the investigation of alternative scenarios. I make the first measurement of the dark energy equation of state using the hierarchical strong lensing time delay likelihood provided by TDCOSMO. I find that the combination of seven TDCOSMO lenses and 33 SLACS lenses is only able to provide a weak constraint on the dark energy equation of state, $w < -1.75$ at 68% confidence, which nevertheless implies the presence of a phantom dark energy component. When the strong lensing time delay data is combined with a collection of cosmic microwave background, baryon acoustic oscillation and Type Ia supernova data, I find that the equation of state is $w = -1.025\pm 0.029$.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures. V2 matches version published in MNRAS Letters
Anomalous diffusion through coupling to a fractal environment: Microscopic derivation of the "whip-back" effect
Creators: name: Lutz, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two models for quantum Brownian motion - the Oscillator Bath (OB) model and the Random-Band-Matrix (RBM) model - are compared and a relation between the spectral density function I(w) and the variance (Vab)^2 is established. The extension to a fractal environment is then considered and the microscopic origin of anomalous diffusion is discussed. In particular, it is shown that the asymptotic behavior of the normalized velocity auto-correlation function (VACF) is entirely determined by the band form factor. This allows for a microscopic derivation of the "whip-back" effect.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 7: of High-resolution population structure and runs of homozygosity reveal the genetic architecture of complex traits in the Lipizzan horse
Creators: name: Grilz-Seger, Gertrud
name: Druml, Thomas
name: Neuditschko, Markus
name: Dobretsberger, Max
name: Horna, Michaela
name: Brem, Gottfried
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Gene Ontology (GO) terms and KEGG pathways based on annotated genes embedded in ROH islands for the Lipizzan horses from the Croatian state stud farms Lipik/Ä akovo. (DOC 61 kb)
SOT-MRAM 300mm integration for low power and ultrafast embedded memories
Creators: name: Garello, K.
name: Yasin, F.
name: Couet, S.
name: Souriau, L.
name: Swerts, J.
name: Rao, S.
name: Van Beek, S.
name: Kim, W.
name: Liu, E.
name: Kundu, S.
name: Tsvetanova, D.
name: Jossart, N.
name: Croes, K.
name: Grimaldi, E.
name: Baumgartner, M.
name: Crotti, D.
name: Furnémont, A.
name: Gambardella, P.
name: Kar, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We demonstrate for the first time full-scale integration of top-pinned perpendicular MTJ on 300 mm wafer using CMOS-compatible processes for spin-orbit torque (SOT)-MRAM architectures. We show that 62 nm devices with a W-based SOT underlayer have very large endurance (> 5x10^10), sub-ns switching time of 210 ps, and operate with power as low as 300 pJ.
description: presented at VLSI2018 session C8-2
Additional file 2 of The role of SK3 in progesterone-induced inhibition of human fallopian tubal contraction
Creators: name: Zhang, Duo
name: Zhu, Qian
name: Xia, Wei
name: Zhu, Chenfeng
name: Zhao, Xiaoya
name: Zhang, Yiqin
name: He, Chuqing
name: Ji, Sifan
name: Li, Xiaocui
name: Zhang, Jian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 2. Drugs and chemicals used in the isometric tension experiment.
title: Majorana-metal transition in a disordered superconductor: percolation in a landscape of topological domain walls
Creators: name: Zakharov, V. A.
name: Fulga, I. C.
name: Lemut, Gal
name: Tworzydło, J.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Majorana-metal transition
subject: disordered superconductor
subject: topological domain walls
classificationCode: 530
subject: Physik

description: Most superconductors are thermal insulators. A disordered chiral p-wave superconductor, however, can make a transition to a thermal metal phase. Because heat is then transported by Majorana fermions, this phase is referred to as a Majorana metal. Here we present numerical evidence that the mechanism for the phase transition with increasing electrostatic disorder is the percolation of boundaries separating domains of different Chern number. We construct the network of domain walls using the spectral localizer as a 'topological landscape function', and obtain the thermal metal–insulator phase diagram from the percolation transition.
Gauge theories for fluids in 2+1 dimensions through master actions
Creators: name: Dayi, Omer F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two actions which are functionals of different variables but describing the same dynamical system can be shown to possess the same origin by constructing a master action which generates both of them. We first present the master action which produces an action depending on the fluid variables and a gauge theory action whose equations of motion are equivalent to the incompressible fluid Euler equations in $2+1$ dimensions. We then introduce the master action generating the actions which on shell provide the linearized shallow water equations. One of them is a functional of the variables of the shallow water and the other one is the Maxwell-Chern-Simons gauge theory action.The maps between gauge vector fields and fluid variables are obtained for both of the systems. We employ them to derive the corresponding gauge theory solutions of the Hopfion and the coastal Kelvin wave solutions.
description: 8 pages
Vortex Density of States and Absorption in Clean Layered Superconductors
Creators: name: Koulakov, A. A.
name: Larkin, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectrum of the states localized in the vortex cores in the mixed state of clean layered superconductors. S-wave coupling is assumed. It is found that in a large region of parameters adjacent to the superclean case a new universal (i.e. independent of the density of impurities) class of level statistics arises. It is the circular unitary random matrix ensemble. The density of states for such conditions is calculated. The absorption resulting from the Landau-Zener transitions between these levels is different from the classical result for an isotropic three-dimensional system.
description: 4 pages, 2 beautiful Postscript figures, submitted to PRB
Local Poincaré Algebra from Quantum Chaos
Creators: name: Ouseph, Shoy
name: Furuya, Keiichiro
name: Lashkari, Nima
name: Leung, Kwing Lam
name: Moosa, Mudassir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local two-dimensional Poincaré algebra near the horizon of an eternal AdS black hole, or in proximity to any bifurcate Killing horizon, is generated by the Killing flow and outward null translations on the horizon. In holography, this local Poincaré algebra is reflected as a pair of unitary flows in the boundary Hilbert space whose generators under modular flow grow and decay exponentially with a maximal Lyapunov exponent. This is a universal feature of many geometric vacua of quantum gravity. To explain this universality, we show that a two-dimensional Poincaré algebra emerges in any quantum system that has von Neumann subalgebras associated with half-infinite modular time intervals (modular future and past subalgebras) in a limit analogous to the near-horizon limit. In ergodic theory, quantum dynamical systems with future or past algebras are called quantum K-systems. The surprising statement is that modular K-systems are always maximally chaotic.
 Interacting quantum systems in the thermodynamic limit and large $N$ theories above the Hawking-Page phase transition are examples of physical theories with future/past subalgebras. We prove that the existence of (modular) future/past von Neumann subalgebras also implies a second law of (modular) thermodynamics and the exponential decay of (modular) correlators. We generalize our results from the modular flow to any dynamical flow with a positive generator and interpret the positivity condition as quantum detailed balance.
description: 67 pages, 13 figures
title: FAIRification of the DMRichR pipeline: advancing epigenetic research on environmental and evolutionary model organisms
Creators: name: Salam, Wassim
name: Wojewodzic, Marcin W.
name: Frisch, Dagmar
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: epigenetic research
subject: environmental models
subject: modern risk assessment of chemicals
classificationCode: 004
subject: Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: Bioinformatics tools often prioritize humans or human-related model organisms, overlooking the requirements of environmentally relevant species, which limits their use in ecological research. This gap is particularly challenging when implementing existing software, as inadequate documentation can delay the innovative use of environmental models for modern risk assessment of chemicals that can cause aberration in methylation patterns. The establishment of fairness in ecological and evolutionary studies is already constrained by more limited resources in these fields of study, and an additional imbalance in tool availability further hinders comprehensive ecological research. To address these gaps, we adapted the DMRichR package, a tool for epigenetic analysis, for use with custom, non-model genomes. As an example, we here use the crustacean Daphnia, a keystone grazer in aquatic ecosystems. This adaptation involved the modification of specific code, computing three new species-specific packages (BSgenome, TxDb, and org.db), and computing a CpG islands track using the makeCGI package. Additional adjustments to the DMRichR package were also necessary to ensure proper functionality. The developed workflow can now be applied not only to different Daphnia species that were previously unsupported but also to any other species for which an annotated reference genome is available.
Conscience Issue Tracker - October 2024
Creators: name: Prouse, Chantal
name: Tyhurst, Charlotte
name: Jolicoeur-Becotte, Marie
name: Bechthold, Kristina
name: Miksza, Jerod
name: Lamberti, Dylan
name: Barclay, Christophe
name: Gold, E. Richard
Publisher: name: Conscience
Year: 2024

description: Conscience Issue Tracker - October 2024

Issues in this edition:

Medicare pilot aims for $2 generic drugs

Pan-Canadian Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance: Year 1 Progress Report (June 2023 to May 2024)

Liberal, NDP bill to cover diabetes and birth control medication receives royal assent

Cancer centers launch Cancer AI Alliance (CAIA) to unlock discoveries, transform care using cancer data and applied AI

FDA Perspective on the Regulation of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care and Biomedicine
title: Phosphorus doped few layer WS2 flakes grown by chemical vapor deposition for hydrogen evolution reactions
Creators: name: Rahmani, Elham
name: Reyhani, Ali
name: Khanlary, Mohammad Reza
name: Mortazavi, Seyedeh Zahra
name: Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza
name: Dau, Holger
name: Gholami, Mohammad Fardin
name: Mohammadi, Alireza Beig
name: Rabe, Jürgen P.
name: Soleimani, Majid
name: Zarabadipoor, Mehrdad
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Tungsten disulfide
subject: Phosphorus doped WS2 nanoflakes
subject: Hydrogen evolution reaction
subject: Electro-catalyst
subject: Water splitting
classificationCode: 530
subject: Physik

description: Water splitting is a promising pathway for hydrogen production, providing an environmentally friendly fuel source. More recently, great attention has been given to transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) because of their interesting chemical and physical properties. In particular, tungsten disulfide (WS2) has garnered significant attention as a catalyst for this application due to its unique layered 2D structure. In this study, few-layered WS2 and phosphorus-doped WS2 (WS2/P) nanoflakes are synthesized on SiO2/Si substrates as electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) in acidic conditions. Analyses of the synthesized WS2 and WS2/P films reveal that the few-layered WS2 is of high quality, exhibiting continuity and uniformity. The presence of a strong peak in the photoluminescence spectrum confirms the mono/few layer nature of the synthesized samples. In additionally, scanning force microscopy in quantitative imaging mode reveals that the thinnest layers observed on the substrate have a height of 1.35 nm, indicating the presence of double-layer WS2. The WS2/P electrocatalyst demonstrates superior HER performance compared to pristine WS2, showing a low overpotential of 245 mV at 10 mA.cm−2 and a small Tafel slope of 123 mV.dec−1. Furthermore, WS2/P exhibits a greater electrochemical surface area and excellent catalytic stability under acidic conditions. Consequently, few layer phosphorus-doped WS2 proves to be a highly suitable electrocatalyst for hydrogen production compared to the WS2.
MOESM6 of Muscle glycogen level and occurrence of acid meat in commercial hybrid pigs are regulated by two low-frequency causal variants with large effects and multiple common variants with small effects
Creators: name: Liu, Xianxian
name: Zhou, Lisheng
name: Xie, Xianhua
name: Wu, Zhongzi
name: Xiong, Xinwei
name: Zhang, Zhiyan
name: Yang, Jie
name: Xiao, Shijun
name: Zhou, Mengqing
name: Ma, Junwu
name: Huang, Lusheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6: TableÂ S3. Information about the 73 SNPs selected and genotyped on the whole DLY population. Of the 73 genotyped markers, 31 marked with a grey line were derived from PRKAG3 re-sequencing data, and the other 42 SNPs adjacent to PRKAG3 were screened from online databases (e.g. the UCSC Genome Browser, NCBI and Ensembl), the literature and our own whole-genome sequence data of different European commercial pig breeds.
Fractal Landscapes in Policy Optimization
Creators: name: Wang, Tao
name: Herbert, Sylvia
name: Gao, Sicun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Policy gradient lies at the core of deep reinforcement learning (RL) in continuous domains. Despite much success, it is often observed in practice that RL training with policy gradient can fail for many reasons, even on standard control problems with known solutions. We propose a framework for understanding one inherent limitation of the policy gradient approach: the optimization landscape in the policy space can be extremely non-smooth or fractal for certain classes of MDPs, such that there does not exist gradient to be estimated in the first place. We draw on techniques from chaos theory and non-smooth analysis, and analyze the maximal Lyapunov exponents and Hölder exponents of the policy optimization objectives. Moreover, we develop a practical method that can estimate the local smoothness of objective function from samples to identify when the training process has encountered fractal landscapes. We show experiments to illustrate how some failure cases of policy optimization can be explained by such fractal landscapes.
description: 18 pages and 28 figures
Additional file 6: of High-resolution population structure and runs of homozygosity reveal the genetic architecture of complex traits in the Lipizzan horse
Creators: name: Grilz-Seger, Gertrud
name: Druml, Thomas
name: Neuditschko, Markus
name: Dobretsberger, Max
name: Horna, Michaela
name: Brem, Gottfried
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology

description: Gene Ontology (GO) terms and KEGG pathways based on annotated genes embedded in ROH islands for the Lipizzan horses from the Slovak national stud farm of Topol’čianky. (DOC 48 kb)
title: New method provides first evidence of fine-scale in situ heterogeneity in glacier algal photophysiology
Creators: name: Williamson, Christopher J.
name: Anesio, Alex M. B.
name: Benning, Liane G.
name: Tranter, Martyn
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Glacier algae
subject: Greenland
subject: PAM
subject: photophysiology
classificationCode: 550
subject: Geowissenschaften

description: Streptophyte “glacier algae” thrive on the melting surfaces of glaciers and ice sheets, producing conspicuous blooms during summer ablation seasons. To-date, the direct application of pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) fluorometry to measure the in situ responses of glacier algae to their environment has been prevented by the high ambient light environment, causing over-saturation of fibre- and imaging-PAM systems. The use of cuvette-based systems has also relied upon bulk sampling and prolonged melting of surface ice, reducing or removing the short-term light history of glacier algae prior to measurements. Here, we outline a simple method that allows the rapid liberation of glacier algal cells into suspension for the measurement of their photophysiology using the sensitive Walz Water-PAM cuvette system, moving from ice to measurement with only a 5-min dark-adaptation period. We illustrate the effectiveness of our method by performing rapid light curves (RLCs) on glacier algae from naturally shaded versus fully exposed ice surfaces on the Greenland Ice Sheet and contrast this with typical 24 h melt/dark-adapt approaches employed to-date. Results highlight that fine-scale heterogeneity is apparent in glacier algal in situ photophysiology relative to dominant environmental forcings, with our method effective at constraining the near actual photochemistry of glacier algae as opposed to their more optimal photochemistry measured previously. Easy to implement on the ice, our method should allow future mapping of the fine-scale patterning in glacier algal responses to surface ice stressors.
Crossover from the chiral to the standard universality classes in the conductance of a quantum wire with random hopping only
Creators: name: Mudry, Christopher
name: Brouwer, P. W.
name: Furusaki, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conductance of a quantum wire with off-diagonal disorder that preserves a sublattice symmetry (the random hopping problem with chiral symmetry) is considered. Transport at the band center is anomalous relative to the standard problem of Anderson localization both in the diffusive and localized regimes. In the diffusive regime, there is no weak-localization correction to the conductance and universal conductance fluctuations are twice as large as in the standard cases. Exponential localization occurs only for an even number of transmission channels in which case the localization length does not depend on whether time-reversal and spin rotation symmetry are present or not. For an odd number of channels the conductance decays algebraically. Upon moving away from the band center transport characteristics undergo a crossover to those of the standard universality classes of Anderson localization. This crossover is calculated in the diffusive regime.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Universal fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions in the Fermi energy domain
Creators: name: Botet, R.
name: Ploszajczak, M.
name: Chbihi, A.
name: Borderie, B.
name: Durand, D.
name: Frankland, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the scaling laws of both the charged fragments multiplicity fluctuations and the charge of the largest fragment fluctuations for Xe+Sn collisions in the range of bombarding energies between 25 MeV/A and 50 MeV/A. We show close to E_{lab}=32 MeV/A the transition in the fluctuation regime of the charge of the largest fragment which is compatible with the transition from the ordered to disordered phase of excited nuclear matter. The size (charge) of the largest fragment is closely related to the order parameter characterizing this process.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Doping of Self-Standing CNT Fibers: Promising Flexible Air-Cathodes for High Energy Density Structural Zn-air batteries
Creators: name: Pendashteh, Afshin
name: Palma, Jesus
name: Anderson, Marc
name: Vilatela, Juan J.
name: Marcilla, Rebeca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finding proper electrocatalysts capable of efficient catalyzing both ORR and OER is of great importance for metal-air batteries. With increasing inclination towards structural and flexible devices, developing a high-performance self-standing air-cathode is highly demanded and challenging, as most of oxygen catalysts are powder and need to be further processed. Here, we construct highly bifunctional air catalyst from macroscopic CNT fibers (CNTf) through direct CVD spinning followed by hydrothermal method. The electrocatalytic properties of the samples were tuned by altering nitrogen-doping and defect densities readily adjusted at different hydrothermal reaction temperatures. The treated CNTfs showed excellent bifunctional activity (ΔE=Ej=10-E1/2=0.81 V) and demonstrated exceptional performance as carbon-based self-standing air-cathodes in liquid and solid-state rechargeable Zn-air batteries, with high capacity of 698 mAh g-1 and ultrahigh energy density of 838 Wh kg-1. The rechargeable Zn-air batteries exhibit a low discharge-charge overpotential and excellent stability. This work provides novel simply achieved self-standing air electrodes with exceptional performance for structural Zn-air batteries.
Quantumness near a Schwarzschild black hole
Creators: name: Haddadi, S.
name: Yurischev, M. A.
name: Abd-Rabbou, M. Y.
name: Azizi, M.
name: Pourkarimi, M. R.
name: Ghominejad, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The merging of quantum information science with the relativity theory presents novel opportunities for understanding the enigmas surrounding the transmission of information in relation to black holes. For this purpose, we study the quantumness near a Schwarzschild black hole in a practical model under decoherence. The scenario we consider in this paper is that a stationary particle in the flat region interacts with its surroundings while another particle experiences free fall in the vicinity of a Schwarzschild black hole's event horizon. We explore the impacts of Hawking radiation and decoherence on the system under investigation and find that these effects can limit the survival of quantum characteristics, but cannot destroy them completely. Hence, the results of this study possess the potential to yield valuable insights into the comprehension of the quantum properties of a real system operating within a curved space-time framework.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. All comments are welcome
Additional file 5: of High-resolution population structure and runs of homozygosity reveal the genetic architecture of complex traits in the Lipizzan horse
Creators: name: Grilz-Seger, Gertrud
name: Druml, Thomas
name: Neuditschko, Markus
name: Dobretsberger, Max
name: Horna, Michaela
name: Brem, Gottfried
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology

description: Gene Ontology (GO) terms and KEGG pathways based on annotated genes embedded in ROH islands for the Lipizzan horses from the Austrian stud farm Piber. (DOC 47 kb)
Solutions of $\mathfrak{gl}_{m|n}$ XXX Bethe ansatz equation and rational difference operators
Creators: name: Huang, Chenliang
name: Lu, Kang
name: Mukhin, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study solutions of the Bethe ansatz equations of the non-homogeneous periodic XXX model associated to super Yangian $\mathrm Y(\mathfrak{gl}_{m|n})$. To a solution we associate a rational difference operator $\mathcal D$ and a superspace of rational functions $W$. We show that the set of complete factorizations of $\mathcal D$ is in canonical bijection with the variety of superflags in $W$ and that each generic superflag defines a solution of the Bethe ansatz equation. We also give the analogous statements for the quasi-periodic supersymmetric spin chains.
description: LaTeX, 27 pages
First order perturbations of hypersurfaces of arbitrary causal character
Creators: name: Nolan, Brien C.
name: Reina, Borja
name: Sousa, Kepa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the problem of first order perturbations of a general hypersurface, i.e. with arbitrary causal character at each point. We extend the framework by Mars (Class. Quantum Grav. 22 3325 (2005)) where this problem was studied to second order for everywhere timelike or spacelike hypersurfaces, and we adapt it to cover the general case. We apply the formalism to the matching of spacetimes across a general hypersurface to first order in perturbation theory.
description: 31 pages + appendices, 2 figures
Rosetta Stone at KSAA-RD Shared Task: A Hop From Language Modeling To Word--Definition Alignment
Creators: name: ElBakry, Ahmed
name: Gabr, Mohamed
name: ElNokrashy, Muhammad
name: AlKhamissi, Badr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A Reverse Dictionary is a tool enabling users to discover a word based on its provided definition, meaning, or description. Such a technique proves valuable in various scenarios, aiding language learners who possess a description of a word without its identity, and benefiting writers seeking precise terminology. These scenarios often encapsulate what is referred to as the "Tip-of-the-Tongue" (TOT) phenomena. In this work, we present our winning solution for the Arabic Reverse Dictionary shared task. This task focuses on deriving a vector representation of an Arabic word from its accompanying description. The shared task encompasses two distinct subtasks: the first involves an Arabic definition as input, while the second employs an English definition. For the first subtask, our approach relies on an ensemble of finetuned Arabic BERT-based models, predicting the word embedding for a given definition. The final representation is obtained through averaging the output embeddings from each model within the ensemble. In contrast, the most effective solution for the second subtask involves translating the English test definitions into Arabic and applying them to the finetuned models originally trained for the first subtask. This straightforward method achieves the highest score across both subtasks.
description: Proceedings of ArabicNLP 2023
Zero Temperature Phases of the Electron Gas
Creators: name: Ortiz, G.
name: Harris, M.
name: Ballone, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability of different phases of the three-dimensional non-relativistic electron gas is analyzed using stochastic methods. With decreasing density, we observe a {\it continuous} transition from the paramagnetic to the ferromagnetic fluid, with an intermediate stability range ($25\pm 5 \leq r_s\leq 35 \pm 5$) for the {\it partially} spin-polarized liquid. The freezing transition into a ferromagnetic Wigner crystal occurs at $r_s=65 \pm 10$. We discuss the relative stability of different magnetic structures in the solid phase, as well as the possibility of disordered phases.
description: 4 pages, REVTEX, 3 ps figures
MOESM8 of Muscle glycogen level and occurrence of acid meat in commercial hybrid pigs are regulated by two low-frequency causal variants with large effects and multiple common variants with small effects
Creators: name: Liu, Xianxian
name: Zhou, Lisheng
name: Xie, Xianhua
name: Wu, Zhongzi
name: Xiong, Xinwei
name: Zhang, Zhiyan
name: Yang, Jie
name: Xiao, Shijun
name: Zhou, Mengqing
name: Ma, Junwu
name: Huang, Lusheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 8: Table S4. Effects of four missense SNPs in PRKAG3 on RG level in the replication cohort. The effects of PRKAG3 G52S, I199V, L53P and R200Q mutations on RG level were assessed. G52S and I199V were not significantly associated with RG level (P = 0.97 and 0.053, respectively), whereas R200Q and L53P showed the same significant (P = 2.77 × 10−9) association with this trait.
Coherence scale of the Kondo lattice
Creators: name: Burdin, S.
name: Georges, A.
name: Grempel, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the large-N approach yields two energy scales for the Kondo lattice model. The single-impurity Kondo temperature, $T_K$, signals the onset of local singlet formation, while Fermi liquid coherence sets in only below a lower scale, $T^{\star}$. At low conduction electron density $n_c$ ("exhaustion" limit), the ratio $T^{\star}/T_K$ is much smaller than unity, and is shown to depend only on $n_c$ and not on the Kondo coupling. The physical meaning of these two scales is demonstrated by computing several quantities as a function of $n_c$ and temperature.
description: 4 pages, 4 eps figures. Minor changes. To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Additional file 1: of Potential life-years gained over a 5-year period by correcting DOPPS-identified modifiable practices in haemodialysis: results from the European MONITOR-CKD5 study
Creators: name: Combe, Christian
name: Mann, Johannes
name: Goldsmith, David
name: Dellanna, Frank
name: Zaoui, Philippe
name: GĂŠrard London
name: Denhaerynck, Kris
name: Krendyukov, Andriy
name: Abraham, Ivo
name: MacDonald, Karen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary List of all Ethical Review Committees for MONITOR-CKD5. (DOCX 99 kb)
Propagation of light in cold emitter ensembles with quantum position correlations due to static long-range dipolar interactions
Creators: name: Bean, G. J.
name: Drummond, N. D.
name: Ruostekoski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the scattering of light from dipolar emitters whose disordered positions exhibit correlations induced by static, long-range dipole-dipole interactions. The quantum-mechanical position correlations are calculated for zero temperature bosonic atoms or molecules using variational and diffusion quantum Monte Carlo methods. For stationary atoms in dense ensembles in the limit of low light intensity, the simulations yield solutions for the optical responses to all orders of position correlation functions that involve electronic ground and excited states. We calculate how coherent and incoherent scattering, collective linewidths, line shifts, and eigenmodes, and disorder-induced excitation localization are influenced by the static interactions and the density. We find that dominantly repulsive static interactions in strongly confined oblate and prolate traps introduce short-range ordering among the dipoles which curtails large fluctuations in the light-mediated resonant dipole-dipole interactions. This typically results in an increase in coherent reflection and optical depth, accompanied by reduced incoherent scattering. The presence of static dipolar interactions permits the highly selective excitation of subradiant eigenmodes in dense clouds. This effect becomes even more pronounced in a prolate trap, where the resonances narrow below the natural linewidth. When the static dipolar interactions affect the optical transition frequencies, the ensemble exhibits inhomogeneous broadening due to the nonuniformly experienced static dipolar interactions that suppress cooperative effects, but we argue that, e.g., for Dy atoms such inhomogeneous broadening is negligible.
description: Expanded experimental considerations, etc
Azimuthal angle dependence of the longitudinal spin polarization in relativistic heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Sun, Yifeng
name: Ko, Che Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The azimuthal angle dependence of quark spin polarization in the longitudinal beam direction of non-central relativistic heavy ion collisions is studied in the chiral kinetic approach. Contrary to the prediction from models based on the assumption of thermal equilibrium of spin degrees of freedom that the quark spin polarization always points along the direction of local vorticity field, we find the two can have opposite directions due to the effect from the transversal component of vorticity field, which can lead to a redistribution of axial charges in the produced matter. Our finding is consistent with the azimuthal angle dependence of the longitudinal spin polarization of $Λ$ hyperons, which is mainly determined by that of the strange quark, recently measured in the experiments by the STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC).
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Charge-density-wave formation by Van Hove nesting in the α-phase of Sn/Ge(111)
Creators: name: Gonzalez, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the role of electron correlations in the formation of the surface charge-density-wave state in the Sn/Ge(111) interface. The Fermi energy of the overlayer is treated as a dynamical variable, which undergoes a substantial renormalization by the interaction. We show that the Fermi level turns out to be pinned to a Van Hove singularity in the density of states, which explains the formation of the charge-density-wave, the observation of a very flat band in photoemission experiments and the reduction of the spectral weight in the low-temperature phase.
description: 4 pages, 4 Postscript figures
Low energy measurement of the 7Be(p,gamma)8B cross section
Creators: name: Hammache, F.
name: Bogaert, G.
name: Aguer, P.
name: Angulo, C.
name: Barhoumi, S.
name: Brillard, L.
name: Chemin, J. F.
name: Claverie, G.
name: Coc, A.
name: Hussonnois, M.
name: Jacotin, M.
name: Kiener, J.
name: Lefebvre, A.
name: Naour, C. Le
name: Ouichaoui, S.
name: Scheurer, J. N.
name: Tatischeff, V.
name: Thibaud, J. P.
name: Virassamyna"iken, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the cross section of the 7Be(p,gamma)8B reaction for E_cm = 185.8 keV, 134.7 keV and 111.7 keV using a radioactive 7Be target (132 mCi). Single and coincidence spectra of beta^+ and alpha particles from 8B and 8Be^* decay, respectively, were measured using a large acceptance spectrometer. The zero energy S factor inferred from these data is 18.5 +/- 2.4 eV b and a weighted mean value of 18.8 +/- 1.7 eV b (theoretical uncertainty included) is deduced when combining this value with our previous results at higher energies.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Additional file 4: of High-resolution population structure and runs of homozygosity reveal the genetic architecture of complex traits in the Lipizzan horse
Creators: name: Grilz-Seger, Gertrud
name: Druml, Thomas
name: Neuditschko, Markus
name: Dobretsberger, Max
name: Horna, Michaela
name: Brem, Gottfried
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Gene Ontology (GO) terms and KEGG pathways based on annotated genes embedded in ROH islands for the entire Lipizzan sample. (DOC 44 kb)
Simulating the structural diversity of carbon clusters across the planar to fullerene transition
Creators: name: Bonnin, Maëlle A.
name: Falvo, Cyril
name: Calvo, Florent
name: Pino, Thomas
name: Parneix, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Together with the second generation REBO reactive potential, replica-exchange molecular dynamics simulations coupled with systematic quenching were used to generate a broad set of isomers for neutral C$_n$ clusters with $n=24$, 42, and 60. All the minima were sorted in energy and analyzed using order parameters to monitor the evolution of their structural and chemical properties. The structural diversity measured by the fluctuations in these various indicators is found to increase significantly with energy, the number of carbon rings, especially 6-membered, exhibiting a monotonic decrease in favor of low-coordinated chains and branched structures. A systematic statistical analysis between the various parameters indicates that energetic stability is mainly driven by the amount of sp$^2$ hybridization, more than any geometrical parameter. The astrophysical relevance of these results is discussed in the light of the recent detection of C$_{60}$ and C$_{60}^+$ fullerenes in the interstellar medium.