cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Costs and Benefits of Reducing Acid Rain
Creators: name: Burtraw, Dallas
name: Krupnick, Alan J.
name: Mansur, Erin T.
name: Austin, David H.
name: Farrell, Deirdre
name: Burtraw, Dallas
name: Krupnick, Alan J.
name: Mansur, Erin T.
name: Austin, David H.
name: Farrell, Deirdre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: acid rain
subject: sulfur dioxide
subject: nitrogen oxides
subject: cost-benefit analysis
subject: Clean Air Act
subject: Title IV

description: Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments initiated a dramatic reduction in emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides by electric power plants. This paper presents the results of an integrated assessment of the benefits and costs of the program, using the Tracking and Analysis Framework (TAF) developed for the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP). Although dramatic uncertainties characterize our estimates especially with respect to the benefits of the program, many of which we have modeled explicitly, we find that the benefits can be expected to substantially outweigh the costs of the emission reductions. The lion's share of benefits result from reduced risk of premature mortality, especially through reduced exposure to sulfates, and these expected benefits measure several times the expected costs of the program. Significant benefits are also estimated for improvements in health morbidity, recreational visibility and residential visibility, each of which measures approximately equal to costs. In contrast, areas that were the focus of attention in the 1980s including effects to soils, forests and aquatic systems still have not been modeled comprehensively, but evidence suggests benefits in these areas to be relatively small, at least with respect to "use values" for the environmental assets that are affected.
Владимир-на-Клязьме и художественная жизнь Москвы XIV–XV веков
Creators: name: Лаврентьев Александр Владимирович
Publisher: name: Вестник сектора древнерусского искусства
Year: 2020
Subjects: Владимир-на-Клязьме
Москва
архитектура
фрески
Успенский собор
Андрей Рублев
Свидригайло Ольгердович
Василий Ермолин

description: В статье обсуждается вопрос о влиянии художественной жизни Москвы середины XIV — начала XV в. на состояние и судьбу памятников домонгольского времени на землях Великого княжества Владимирского. Успенский собор Владимира-на-Клязьме, постоянно пребывал в фокусе политической жизни великого князя Ивана Калиты и его потомков. Возвращение московскими мастерами храму златоверхого покрытия, появление здесь фресковых росписей и иконостаса кисти московских иконописцев, сохранение и преумножение московскими князьями храмовой казны Успенского собора демонстрируют особое место Владимира-на-Клязьме, второй на Руси после Киева «матери градов».
Seismic behavior & computer modeling of low-rise steel frame structures
Creators: name: Bakhtavar, Mark S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Recorded motion of structures during recent earthquakes provide valuable information on the performance of various types of the buildings under seismic loading. This information can be used to evaluate the accuracy of structural analysis techniques and the efficiency of the current design methods. The objective of the first part of this study was to extract as much information as possible from the recorded motion of 11 well instrumented low-rise steel frame buildings in California, which experienced the 1987 Whittier, 1989 Loma Prieta, 1992 Landers and 1994 Northridge Earthquakes. The results showed that, in most cases, the periods of the buildings were significantly higher that those estimated by the code empirical formulae. Three of the buildings which had fundamental periods of greater than 1.0 second (with six to seven stories), behaved in a way that is usually expected from high-rise buildings. The second part of this research included computer modeling of one of the above mentioned structures, the Burbank 6-story office building, and comparing the anticipated response of the building using various analysis methods to the actual response, measured during the Whittier and Northridge earthquakes. The results indicated that proper modeling of the structure for a dynamic time-history analysis may predict the seismic response of the structures very accurately. A comparative study was performed to evaluate the accuracy and the efficiency of the various analysis techniques. At the end, Non-Linear Time-History Analysis was used to predict the performance of the Burbank 6-story office building, under higher levels of ground motion.
A model for conservative chaos constructed from multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates with a trap in 2 dimensions
Creators: name: Yamasaki, Hisatsugu
name: Natsume, Yuhei
name: Nakamura, Katsuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To show a mechanism leading to the breakdown of a particle picture for the multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates(BECs) with a harmonic trap in high dimensions, we investigate the corresponding 2-$d$ nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger equation (Gross-Pitaevskii equation) with use of a modified variational principle. A molecule of two identical Gaussian wavepackets has two degrees of freedom(DFs), the separation of center-of-masses and the wavepacket width. Without the inter-component interaction(ICI) these DFs show independent regular oscillations with the degenerate eigen-frequencies. The inclusion of ICI strongly mixes these DFs, generating a fat mode that breaks a particle picture, which however can be recovered by introducing a time-periodic ICI with zero average. In case of the molecule of three wavepackets for a three-component BEC, the increase of amplitude of ICI yields a transition from regular to chaotic oscillations in the wavepacket breathing.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Резные иконы митрополита Виссариона в Музеях Ватикана: к истории русскоитальянских связей в XV веке
Creators: name: Стерлигова Ирина Анатольевна
Publisher: name: Вестник сектора древнерусского искусства
Year: 2020
Subjects: Византийско-русско-итальянские связи первой трети XV в.
древнерусские резные складни моржовой кости

description: Обоснование атрибуции рельефов резной кости из Сокровищницы собора Святого Петра в Ватикане, принадлежавших митрополитам Исидору Киевскому и Виссариону Никейскому, как частей портативного моленного складня, изготовленного в конце 1430-х гг. в Великом Новгороде. В качестве аргументов рассматриваются стилистические и иконографические особенности рельефов, а также их русские надписи и материал — моржовая кость.
Real-time optimal quantum control of mechanical motion at room temperature
Creators: name: Magrini, Lorenzo
name: Rosenzweig, Philipp
name: Bach, Constanze
name: Deutschmann-Olek, Andreas
name: Hofer, Sebastian G.
name: Hong, Sungkun
name: Kiesel, Nikolai
name: Kugi, Andreas
name: Aspelmeyer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to accurately control the dynamics of physical systems by measurement and feedback is a pillar of modern engineering. Today, the increasing demand for applied quantum technologies requires to adapt this level of control to individual quantum systems. Achieving this in an optimal way is a challenging task that relies on both quantum-limited measurements and specifically tailored algorithms for state estimation and feedback. Successful implementations thus far include experiments on the level of optical and atomic systems. Here we demonstrate real-time optimal control of the quantum trajectory of an optically trapped nanoparticle. We combine confocal position sensing close to the Heisenberg limit with optimal state estimation via Kalman filtering to track the particle motion in phase space in real time with a position uncertainty of 1.3 times the zero point fluctuation. Optimal feedback allows us to stabilize the quantum harmonic oscillator to a mean occupation of $n=0.56\pm0.02$ quanta, realizing quantum ground state cooling from room temperature. Our work establishes quantum Kalman filtering as a method to achieve quantum control of mechanical motion, with potential implications for sensing on all scales. In combination with levitation, this paves the way to full-scale control over the wavepacket dynamics of solid-state macroscopic quantum objects in linear and nonlinear systems.
Борис Годунов и его семья в зеркале русской средневековой многоименности
Creators: name: Литвина Анна Феликсовна
Publisher: name: Вестник сектора древнерусского искусства
Year: 2020
Subjects: Средневековая Русь
Борис Годунов
царевич Федор Борисович
имянаречение в допетровской Руси
мирская христианская двуименность
культ личных небесных покровителей.

description: В настоящей работе предлагается новый взгляд на «антропонимическое досье» Бориса Годунова и членов его семьи. В свое время недостаточная осведомленность относительно структуры русской средневековой многоименности могла приводить не только к появлению в научных трудах лишних, никогда не существовавших людей, но и к возникновению у лиц вполне реальных — лишних, фантомных имен, которых у них не было, а зачастую и не могло быть. В статье рассматриваются имена, которыми царь обладал бесспорно, и те, что ему усваиваются в исследовательской литературе (Борис, Боголеп, Иаков, Богдан, Феодот). Особое внимание уделяется культу личных патрональных святых в семье Годунова, прежде всего св. Феодоту, и поднимаются вопросы, связанные с атрибуцией и датировкой отдельных артефактов.
title: Bresinstrumentarium Sigma: Deelrapport 2. Gevoeligheidsanalyse bresgroeiparameters
Creators: name: Coen, Leen
name: Peeters, Patrik
Publisher: name: Flanders Hydraulics
Year: 2023

description: Title : WL Rapporten. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen.
Volume : 21_004_2
Issue :
Pagination : VIII, 44
Evidence for an Untruncated Accretion Disk in the Broad-Line Radio Galaxy 4C+74.26
Creators: name: Ballantyne, D. R.
name: Fabian, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present evidence for a broad, ionized Fe K line in the XMM-Newton spectrum of the broad-line radio galaxy (BLRG) 4C+74.26. This is the first indication that the innermost regions of the accretion flow in BLRGs contain thin, radiatively efficient disks. Analysis of the 35 ks XMM-Newton observation finds a broad line with an inner radius close to the innermost stable circular orbit for a maximally spinning black hole. The outer radius of the relativistic line is also found to be within 10 gravitational radii. The Fe K line profile gives an inclination angle of ~40 degrees, consistent with the radio limit. There are two narrow components to the Fe K complex: one at 6.4 keV from neutral Fe, and one at 6.2 keV. These may form the blue and red horns of a diskline from farther out on the disk, but a longer observation is required to confirm this hypothesis. We discuss the implications of this observation for models of jet production, and suggest that BLRGs and radio-loud quasars will have larger than average black hole masses, thus resulting in thicker accretion flows close to the black hole.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted by ApJ Letters
Происхождение «черневой гравюры» в русском ювелирном искусстве XVI века
Creators: name: Зюзева Светлана Геннадиевна
Publisher: name: Вестник сектора древнерусского искусства
Year: 2020
Subjects: Русское ювелирное искусство
XVI век
кремлевские мастерские
влияние итальянского искусства
чернь

description: Статья посвящена вопросу происхождения «черневой гравюры» на металле, получившей значительное развитие во второй половине XVI в. в ювелирном искусстве Москвы. В статье прослеживаются связи русского ювелирного дела и итальянского декоративноприкладного искусства, где техника черни была особенно распространена в церковном искусстве во второй половине XV — XVI столетии. В работе обосновывается новая атрибуция (1550-е гг.) оклада иконы «Иоанн Предтеча» из коллекции Музеев Московского Кремля и выдвигается предположение, что оклад мог быть создан итальянским мастером.
The Second-Best Use of Social Cost Estimates
Creators: name: Burtraw, Dallas
name: Krupnick, Alan J.
name: Burtraw, Dallas
name: Krupnick, Alan J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: electricity
subject: environment
subject: social costs
subject: adders
subject: externalities

description: A significant literature has developed to estimate the damages to third parties from new electricity generation technologies. This paper focuses on how such estimates can be profitably used in the present regulatory environment, and in the potential new environment that may result from restructuring in the electricity industry.
Electronic structure, magnetic and optical properties of intermetallic compounds R2Fe17 (R=Pr,Gd)
Creators: name: Knyazev, Yu. V.
name: Lukoyanov, A. V.
name: Kuz'min, Yu. I.
name: Kuchin, A. G.
name: Nekrasov, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we report comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigation of magnetic and electronic properties of the intermetallic compounds Pr2Fe17 and Gd2Fe17. For the first time electronic structure of these two systems was probed by optical measurements in the spectral range of 0.22-15 micrometers. On top of that charge carriers parameters (plasma frequency and relaxation frequency) and optical conductivity s(w) were determined. Self-consistent spin-resolved bandstructure calculations within the conventional LSDA+U method were performed. Theoretical interpetation of the experimental s(w) dispersions indicates transitions between 3d and 4p states of Fe ions to be the biggest ones. Qualitatively the line shape of the theoretical optical conductivity coincides well with our experimental data. Calculated by LSDA+U method magnetic moments per formula unit are found to be in good agreement with observed experimental values of saturation magnetization.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Bericht über die Begegnung des Rates der EKD mit Mitgliedern des Stabes des Ökumenischen Rates der Kirchen in Genf am 7. Juni 1974
Creators: name: Lange, Ernst
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 23 Nr. 3 (1974): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 23, Heft 3
SMGO: A Set Membership Approach to Data-Driven Global Optimization
Creators: name: Sabug, Lorenzo
name: Ruiz, Fredy
name: Fagiano, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C26

description: Many science and engineering applications feature non-convex optimization problems where the objective function can not be handled analytically, i.e. it is a black box. Examples include design optimization via experiments, or via costly finite elements simulations. To solve these problems, global optimization routines are used. These iterative techniques must trade-off exploitation close to the current best point with exploration of unseen regions of the search space. In this respect, a new global optimization strategy based on a Set Membership (SM) framework is proposed. Assuming Lipschitz continuity of the cost function, the approach employs SM concepts to decide whether to switch from an exploitation mode to an exploration one, and vice-versa. The resulting algorithm, named SMGO (Set Membership Global Optimization) is presented. Theoretical properties regarding convergence and computational complexity are derived, and implementation aspects are discussed. Finally, the SMGO performance is evaluated on a set of benchmark non-convex problems and compared with those of other global optimization approaches.
Identification of exotic jet topologies via three particle correlations in PHENIX
Creators: name: Ajitanand, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modifications of jet properties resulting from the coupling of jets to the strongly interacting matter produced in RHIC collisions are of great current interest. In recent work, the PHENIX collaboration has applied a novel technique to the analysis of two particle azimuthal correlations which extinguishes the harmonic part of the underlying event revealing the true jet shape. Recent extensions of the method to three particle correlations allow for a more revealing study of jet topologies in Au+Au collisions at ($\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}$=200 GeV).
description: Poster presented at Quark Matter 2005
Poverty and the Environment: Exploring the Relationship between Household Incomes, Private Assets, and Natural Assets
Creators: name: Narain, Urvashi
name: Gupta, Shreekant
name: Van 'T Veld, Klaas
name: Narain, Urvashi
name: Gupta, Shreekant
name: Van 'T Veld, Klaas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Using purpose-collected survey data from 537 households in 60 different villages of the Jhabua district of India, this paper investigates the extent to which rural households depend on common-pool natural resources for their daily livelihood. Previous studies have found that resource dependence- defined as the fraction of total income derived from common-pool resources-strongly decreases with income. Our study finds a more complex relationship. First, for the subsample of households that use positive amounts of resources, we find that dependence follows a U-shaped relationship with income, declining at first but then increasing. Second, we find that the probability of being in the subsample of common-pool resource users follows an inverse U-shaped relationship with income: the poorest and richest households are less likely to collect resources than those with intermediate incomes. Resource use by the rich is therefore bimodal: either very high or-for the very richest households-zero. Third, we find that resource dependence increases at all income levels with an increase in the level of common-pool biomass availability. The combination of these results suggests that the quality of natural resources matters to a larger share of the rural population than had been previously believed; common-pool resources contribute a significant fraction of the income not just of the desperately poor, but also of the relatively rich.
Серебряные раки русских чудотворцев XVII века. К вопросу о конструктивных особенностях и декоративном оформлении драгоценных рельефных надгробий при первых царях из династии Романовых
Creators: name: Пивоварова Надежда Валерьевна
Publisher: name: Вестник сектора древнерусского искусства
Year: 2020
Subjects: Рака
рельефное надгробие
Серебряная палата
Александр Свирский
Кирилл Белозерский
Пафнутий Боровский
Савва Звенигородский

description: Статья посвящена анализу широко известных произведений древнерусского среброделия — ракам русских чудотворцев. Автор сосредотачивает внимание на фрагментах рак преподобных Александра Свирского, Кирилла Белозерского, Пафнутия Боровского, Саввы Звенигородского, а также анализирует данные письменных и графических источников, имеющих отношение к их изготовлению, конструкции и переделкам. Предлагается новая датировка рак преподобных Александра Свирского и Кирилла Белозерского; впервые публикуются тексты, находившиеся на стенках раки Кирилла Белозерского. В исследовании использованы документальные источники архива Оружейной палаты, впервые вводимые в научный оборот
Socioeconomic Determinants of Disease Transmission in Cambodia
Creators: name: Deolalikar, Anil B.
name: Laxminarayan, Ramanan
name: Deolalikar, Anil B.
name: Laxminarayan, Ramanan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: disease transmission
subject: sanitation
subject: infection
subject: public health

description: The process of acquiring an infection has two components: first, exposure through proximity to another infected individual, and second, transmission of the disease. Earlier studies of the socioeconomic factors that affect the probability of acquiring an illness assume uniform exposure to infected individuals and may therefore result in biased estimates. This paper develops an empirical model, consistent with epidemiological models of spread of infections, to estimate the impact of socioeconomic variables on the extent of disease transmission within villages in Cambodia. Data from the 1997 Cambodia Socioeconomic Survey are used in this analysis.
«Благовещение» Тициана из церкви Сан Сальвадор в Венеции и русская иконопись первой половины XVIII века
Creators: name: Гамлицкий Андрей Викторович
name: Буренкова Елена Валерьевна
Publisher: name: Вестник сектора древнерусского искусства
Year: 2020
Subjects: Русское искусство XVII–XVIII вв.
западные влияния
русская иконопись
Оружейная палата
Троицкий собор в Пскове
Тициан
Корнелис Корт
иконография сюжета «Благовещение»

description: В статье впервые исследуются два произведения русской иконописи первой половины XVIII века, в которых использована в качестве образца картина Тициана «Благовещение» (1559–1564. Капелла Сан-Августин, церковь Сан-Сальвадор, Венеция). Это икона неизвестного мастера из иконостаса Троицкого собора, Псков (1704) и икона московского Емельяна Никитина (1730–1750-е, Третьяковская галерея). Авторы предполагают, что русские иконописцы использовали гравюры Корнелиса Корта (около 1566) или Питера Гооссена (1640–1670-е), воспроизводящие полотно Тициана. Установлено, что наряду с произведением Тициана, русские иконописцы привлекали и другие западноевропейские гравюры. Анализируя стиль, приемы живописи, методы интерпретации образца, авторы приходят к выводу, что икона Е. Никитина связана с традицией иконописи московской Оружейной палаты второй половины XVII в. Икона Троицкого собора в Пскове отмечает развитие тенденций европейского барокко в русской живописи. Обнаруженные авторами статьи две иконы являются самым ранним известным сегодня фактом обращения русских художников к искусству Тициана. Они отмечают сложную и противоречивую картину развития русской иконописи первой половины XVIII в., где возрастала роль новых европейских форм, которые соединялись с наследием искусства Позднего Средневековья.
xPPN: An implementation of the parametrized post-Newtonian formalism using xAct for Mathematica
Creators: name: Hohmann, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a package for the computer algebra system Mathematica, which implements the parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism. This package, named xPPN, is built upon the widely used tensor algebra package suite xAct, and in particular the package xTensor therein. The main feature of xPPN is to provide functions to perform a proper $3+1$ decomposition of tensors, as well as a perturbative expansion in so-called velocity orders, which are central tasks in the PPN formalism. Further, xPPN implements various rules for quantities appearing in the PPN formalism, which aid in perturbatively solving the field equations of any metric theory of gravity. Besides Riemannian geometry, also teleparallel and symmetric teleparallel geometry are implemented.
description: 35 pages, no figures, journal version
Bose-Einstein Condensates in Optical Quasicrystal Lattices
Creators: name: Sanchez-Palencia, Laurent
name: Santos, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the physics of Bose-Einstein condensates confined in 2D quasi-periodic optical lattices, which offer an intermediate situation between ordered and disordered systems. First, we analyze the time-of-flight interference pattern that reveals quasi-periodic long-range order. Second, we demonstrate localization effects associated with quasi-disorder as well as quasiperiodic Bloch oscillations associated with the extended nature of the wavefunction of a Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical quasicrystal. In addition, we discuss in detail the crossover between diffusive and localized regimes when the quasi-periodic potential is switched on, as well as the effects of interactions.
Applications of the Hawking Energy in Inhomogeneous Cosmology
Creators: name: Stock, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The past lightcone of an observer in a cosmological spacetime is the unique geometric structure directly linked to observations. After general properties of the Hawking energy along slices of the past lightcone have previously been studied, the present work continues along this path by providing explicit cosmological applications of the Hawking energy associated with a lightcone. Firstly, it is shown that amongst all two-dimensional non-trapped spheres with equal area and average matter density, a shear-free matter distribution maximizes the Hawking energy for sufficiently high densities. Secondly, a Robertson-Walker reference slice is constructed for every lightcone slice based on area and energy. Thirdly, after a few pedagogical examples in concrete FLRW spacetimes, the implications of monotonicity of the energy down the lightcone are explored, arriving at two new bounds on the cosmic fluid's density and equation-of-state parameter.
description: matches published version
Timber Supply Model 96: A Global Timber Supply Model with a Pulpwood Component
Creators: name: Sedjo, Roger A.
name: Lyon, Kenneth S.
name: Sedjo, Roger A.
name: Lyon, Kenneth S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: timber models
subject: markets
subject: optimal control
subject: projections
subject: timber supply

description: This study involves an update of our earlier Timber Supply Model, which was fully developed in our book, The Adequacy Of Global Timber Supply by Sedjo and Lyon (1990), published by Resources for the Future. The new version, called Timber Supply Model 1996 (TSM96), uses an economic market supply/demand approach to project an intertemporal time path of the world's price and output level of industrial wood. As did the original TSM, the TSM96 provides projections of the time path of the equilibrium output levels of the several regions into which the world has been subdivided. A major new feature of TSM96 is that industrial wood, treated as homogeneous in the earlier study, has be subdivided into two different wood types -- pulpwood and solidwood. The supply of these two commodities is not independent. Rather they can be viewed as joint products in production. The study develops a base-case projection, which gives the authors' best judgment of the timber situation likely to develop over the next few decades. Over that period total industrial wood production increases from about 1.7 billion cubic meters to 2.3 billion cubic meters, an increase of about 35 percent, while global pulpwood production increases from about 700 million cubic meters in 1995 to about 1.325 billion in 2045. Pulpwood price shows a fairly substantial increase throughout the first one-third of the period, a more modest increase over the second third, and a slight decline during the last third. Solidwood prices are almost the inverse of pulpwood, declining over the first third of the decade, increasing slightly over the next third and increasing in the last third of the decade. Over the whole of the 50-year period overall price increases are 30 percent for pulpwood and only about 8 percent for solidwood.
CHANGING THE ROLE AND USAGE OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES: A SPECIAL REFERENCE TO DISTRICT CENTRAL LIBRARY, TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT – A STUDY
Creators: name: Thangiah, Raja
name: I, Ravi Kumar Kennedy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 461006
subject: Library studies

description: Now a day’s Public libraries play a vital for society development from top to bottom in all aspects like education, career skills, entertainment, community functions, competitions, National important day’s celebrations etc. The public libraries in India also contribute to the public in various ways like inculcating the reading habit, awareness cum coaching programmes to the job seekers for government examinations etc. In the present 81.1 percentage of the male respondents participated, 69.8 percentages of the male respondents were using the library at moderate level. 72.7 percentage of the job seekers were using the library for high level competitive examinations, and civil service competitive examinations.
Welfare and Distributional Effects of Road Pricing Schemes for Metropolitan Washington, DC
Creators: name: Safirova, Elena
name: Gillingham, Kenneth
name: Parry, Ian W.H.
name: Nelson, Peter
name: Harrington, Winston
name: Mason, David
name: Safirova, Elena
name: Gillingham, Kenneth
name: Parry, Ian W.H.
name: Nelson, Peter
name: Harrington, Winston
name: Mason, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: traffic congestion
subject: congestion pricing
subject: value pricing
subject: HOT lanes
subject: HOV lanes

description: Economists have long advocated congestion pricing as an efficient way of allocating scarce roadway capacity. However, with a few exceptions, congestion tolls are rarely used in practice and strongly opposed by the public and elected officials. Although high implementation costs and privacy issues are alleviated as appropriate technologies are developed, the concerns that congestion pricing will adversely affect low-income travelers remain. In this paper, we use a strategic transportation planning model calibrated for the Washington, DC, metropolitan area to compare the welfare and distributional effects of three pricing schemes: value pricing (HOT lanes), limited congestion pricing, and comprehensive congestion pricing. We find that social welfare gains from HOT lanes amount to three-quarters of those from the comprehensive road pricing. At the same time, a HOT lanes policy turns out to be much more equitable than other road pricing schemes, with all income groups strictly benefiting even before the toll revenue is recycled.
Intracluster Planetary Nebulae as dynamical probes of the diffuse light in galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Arnaboldi, Magda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I will review the latest results for the presence of diffuse light in the nearby universe and at intermediate redshift, and then discuss the latest results from hydrodynamical cosmological simulations of cluster formation on the expected properties of diffuse light in clusters. I shall present how intracluster planetary nebulae (ICPNe) can be used as excellent tracers of the diffuse stellar population in nearby clusters, and how their number density profile and radial velocity distribution can provide an observational test for models of cluster formation. The preliminary comparison of available ICPN samples with predictions from cosmological simulations support late infall as the most likely mechanism for the origin of diffuse stellar light in clusters.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Invited review to the Conference on Planetary Nebulae as Astronomical Tools (Gdansk, Poland, 28 June-2 July 2005)
Technology Prizes for Climate Change Mitigation
Creators: name: Newell, Richard G.
name: Wilson, Nathan E.
name: Newell, Richard G.
name: Wilson, Nathan E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: inducement prize
subject: research and development
subject: climate change
subject: technology
subject: policy

description: We analyze whether technology inducement prizes could be a useful complement to standard research grants and contracts in developing climate change mitigation technologies. We find that there are important conceptual advantages to using inducement prizes in certain circumstances. These conceptual inferences are borne out by an examination of the track record of prizes inducing research into public goods, including relevant energy technologies. However, we also find that the prizes' successes are contingent on their proper design. We analyze how several important design elements could influence the effectiveness of a climate technology prize.
Segundo ejemplo práctico de elaboración de Informe de Validación Gráfica (IVG)
Creators: name: Pérez Romero, Antonio Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: TOPOGRAFÍA
GEOMÁTICA
CATASTRAL
IVG
RGA
GML

description: Segundo ejemplo práctico de elaboración de RGA/IVG
ACT Now or Later: The Economics of Malaria Resistance
Creators: name: Laxminarayan, Ramanan
name: Laxminarayan, Ramanan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: malaria
subject: mathematical models
subject: drug resistance
subject: bioeconomics

description: In the past, malaria control efforts in sub-Saharan Africa have relied on a combination of vector control and effective treatment using chloroquine. With increasing resistance to chloroquine, attention has now turned to alternative treatment strategies to replace this failing drug. Although there are strong theoretical arguments in favor of switching to more expensive artemisinin-based combination treatments (ACTs), the validity of these arguments in the face of financial constraints has not been previously analyzed. In this paper, we use a Bioeconomic model of malaria transmission and evolution of drug resistance to examine questions of optimal treatment strategy and coverage when drug resistance places an additional constraint on choices available to the policymaker. Our main finding is that introducing ACTs sooner is more economically efficient if the planner had a relatively longer time horizon. However, for shorter planning horizons, delaying the introduction of ACTs is preferable.
Crossing w=-1 in Gauss-Bonnet Brane World with Induced Gravity
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Zhang, Hong-Sheng
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent type Ia supernovas data seemingly favor a dark energy model whose equation of state $w(z)$ crosses -1 very recently, which is a much more amazing problem than the acceleration of the universe. In this paper we show that it is possible to realize such a crossing without introducing any phantom component in a Gauss-Bonnet brane world with induced gravity, where a four dimensional curvature scalar on the brane and a five dimensional Gauss-Bonnet term in the bulk are present. In this realization, the Gauss-Bonnet term and the mass parameter in the bulk play a crucial role.
description: Revtex 16 pages including 10 eps files, references added, to appear in Comm. Theor. Phys
Development of toll roads
Creators: name: Chang, Joyce
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Toll roads have re-emerged over the last few decades as a result of growing transportation problems outpacing government funding sources. This thesis provides a general background on tolling and public-private-partnership issues that arise when developing public and private toll roads. The following are some of the major findings: (1) Build-operate-transfer arrangements are extremely complex financially and legally. (2) The major obstacle in developing toll roads is overcoming public opposition. Where public opposition has been fierce, the issues have become political agendas, which have delayed or stopped the project. (3) Most toll roads have failed to meet their toll revenues. Based on a report by Muller and Morgan (1996), 10 of 14 toll roads missed their projections by 20% to 75% in the initial years after opening. The cost and time to develop the agreements are grossly underestimated. (4) Private toll projects are costly and delayed because of lengthy land negotiations, lack of definition in the preliminary design, and stringent environmental reviews and approvals. The findings from this study show that the use of private toll roads will be limited unless government is willing to support the private sector by providing financial contributions and clearing the project of land and environmental approvals, where possible. If government does not provide substantial support for development of private toll roads, the future trend will lean towards public toll road development, assumed by an authority that would be responsible for a number of toll projects for the following reasons: (1) Lack of available private toll road projects that would be profitable and capable of being supported by tolls alone. To increase revenues and reduce diversion, a system of toll roads will be required. (2) Based on past toll road revenues, the private sector will be more cautious in entering build-operate-transfer (BOT) agreements and lenders will be more cautious with their funds. Non-recourse financing will be more difficult to obtain. (3) Reduced project cost by reducing the time required to develop private agreements and to obtain right-of-way and environmental approvals.
Learning Category- and Instance-Aware Pixel Embedding for Fast Panoptic Segmentation
Creators: name: Gao, Naiyu
name: Shan, Yanhu
name: Zhao, Xin
name: Huang, Kaiqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Panoptic segmentation (PS) is a complex scene understanding task that requires providing high-quality segmentation for both thing objects and stuff regions. Previous methods handle these two classes with semantic and instance segmentation modules separately, following with heuristic fusion or additional modules to resolve the conflicts between the two outputs. This work simplifies this pipeline of PS by consistently modeling the two classes with a novel PS framework, which extends a detection model with an extra module to predict category- and instance-aware pixel embedding (CIAE). CIAE is a novel pixel-wise embedding feature that encodes both semantic-classification and instance-distinction information. At the inference process, PS results are simply derived by assigning each pixel to a detected instance or a stuff class according to the learned embedding. Our method not only demonstrates fast inference speed but also the first one-stage method to achieve comparable performance to two-stage methods on the challenging COCO benchmark.
PROPAGACIÓN DEL TUNAL E INFESTACIÓN DE COCHINILLA DEL CARMÍN
Creators: name: ARG, TunayCochinilla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 70302 Agronomy
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries
subject: 70201 Animal Breeding
subject: FOS: Animal and dairy science

description: Desarrollar la Propagación del tunal e infestación de cochinilla del carmín
Dowlingoceras undefined-B
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Oncoceratida
Diestoceratidae
Dowlingoceras
Dowlingoceras undefined-B

description: Dowlingoceras sp. B
Fig. 27J
Material examined
ESTONIA • Paope quarry; Kõrgessaare Formation, Vormsi Regional Stage; TUG 47-866.
Description
The specimen is a straight, slightly deformed (compressed) fragment of ca eight chambers of the phragmocone and a nearly complete mature body chamber. At the base of the body chamber, the conch diameter is 47 mm, the diameter slightly increases adorally over a distance of ca 20 mm to 60 mm, then continuously decreases to a diameter of 58 mm near the aperture. A shallow and wide constriction is present ca 20 mm from the peristome. The peristome is only partially preserved. The body chamber is ca 60 mm long.
The phragmocone increases in diameter from 42 mm to 57 mm at a length of 52 mm (angle of expansion 16°). The sutures are straight and directly transverse while traces of the siphuncle are present near the conch margin, which are too poorly preserved measure. The remaining traces suggest that the siphuncle was fusiform.
Remarks
The poor preservation of this specimen does not allow further determination. The conch shape combined with the subfusiform siphuncle identify the specimen as a Dowlingoceras.
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on pages 72-73, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
Electronic Democracy and Environmental Governance: A Survey of the States
Creators: name: Beierle, Thomas C.
name: Cahill, Sarah
name: Beierle, Thomas C.
name: Cahill, Sarah
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: public participation
subject: electronic democracy
subject: Internet
subject: state government
subject: electronic rulemaking

description: Just as information technology is rapidly changing how we work, shop, and play, it is changing how we practice democracy. This paper focuses on one area where the Internet is broadening public participation in governance: the administration of environmental laws and regulations. It describes a survey of how each of the 50 states is using the Internet to provide citizens with environmental information, gather public input on agency decisions, and foster networks of interested citizens. As "laboratories for democracy," the states may be the source of ideas and experience that anticipate how environmental governance at all levels of government will change over the next decade. The survey results suggest that electronic democracy in state-level environmental decision-making is in an early and experimental phase. All state environmental agencies have Web sites and most provide substantial amounts of information on-line. However, opportunities for active on-line interaction between citizens and government, as well as among citizens themselves, are quite limited. Relatively few states, for example, allow citizens to comment on proposed rules electronically. Overall, the survey suggests that it is a good time for states to learn from each other as more innovative states push the envelope of what technology allows and more cautious states continue to adopt basic features as decision-makers become convinced of their efficacy.
Qualifying quantum approaches for hard industrial optimization problems. A case study in the field of smart-charging of electric vehicles
Creators: name: Dalyac, Constantin
name: Henriet, Loïc
name: Jeandel, Emmanuel
name: Lechner, Wolfgang
name: Perdrix, Simon
name: Porcheron, Marc
name: Veshchezerova, Margarita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to qualify quantum algorithms for industrial NP-Hard problems, comparing them to available polynomial approximate classical algorithms and not only to exact ones -- exponential by nature -- , is necessary. This is a great challenge as, in many cases, bounds on the reachable approximation ratios exist according to some highly-trusted conjectures of Complexity Theory. An interesting setup for such qualification is thus to focus on particular instances of these problems known to be "less difficult" than the worst-case ones and for which the above bounds can be outperformed: quantum algorithms should perform at least as well as the conventional approximate ones on these instances, up to very large sizes. We present a case study of such a protocol for two industrial problems drawn from the strongly developing field of smart-charging of electric vehicles. Tailored implementations of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) have been developed for both problems, and tested numerically with classical resources either by emulation of Pasqal's Rydberg atom based quantum device or using Atos Quantum Learning Machine. In both cases, quantum algorithms exhibit the same approximation ratios than conventional approximation algorithms, or improve them. These are very encouraging results, although still for instances of limited size as allowed by studies on classical computing resources. The next step will be to confirm them on larger instances, on actual devices, and for more complex versions of the problems addressed.
О недавно раскрытой византийской иконе Богоматери XV века
Creators: name: Лифшиц Лев Исаакович
Publisher: name: Вестник сектора древнерусского искусства
Year: 2020
Subjects: Иконы
стиль
живопись
иконография Богоматери
колорит
тон
Палеологовская эпоха

description: Статья посвящена недавно раскрытой греческой иконе Богоматери, находящейся в частном собрании в Москве. Сравнительный стилистический анализ дает прочное основание для отнесения этого выдающегося по качеству памятника к лучшим произведениям византийской живописи первой четверти XV в. Особенности его иконографии позволяют видеть в нем список с одной из наиболее чтимых святынь Константинополя. Введение этого произведения в историю искусств позволяет уточнить наши представления об этапах развития позднепалеологовского стиля, пересмотреть существующие в научной литературе датировки таких известных икон, как образ св. Марины из собрания Византийского музея в Афинах.
Икона конца XVI века «Воскресение — Сошествие во ад» в частном собрании в Москве. Редкие особенности иконографии и стиля
Creators: name: Смирнова Энгелина Сергеевна
Publisher: name: Вестник сектора древнерусского искусства
Year: 2020
Subjects: Икона
«Воскресение Христово»
иконографическая традиция
праотцы
своеобразие русских вариантов
композиционная структура
русская иконопись конца XVI в.

description: Небольшая икона-пядница конца XVI в. «Сошествие во ад» (собрание Н.В.Шутова в Москве) воспроизводит иконографию какого-то несохранившегося крупного образа. Фигура праотца Ноя в левой группе праотцев, уникальная для изображений данного сюжета, подтверждает уже отмечавшееся в научной литературе своеобразие русской иконографической традиции. Композиционная структура произведения отражает концепцию одного из значительных направлений в русской иконописи позднего XVI столетия.
COMPLETING FINAN & NET WORTH STATEMENTS - SOME ISSUES
Creators: name: Schwab, Gerald
name: Betz, Roger
name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Schwab, Gerald
name: Betz, Roger
name: Wittenberg, Eric
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: We welcome all Michigan State University Extension (MSU-E) agents embarking upon a journey to improve the accuracy and usefulness of Michigan farm record data. We believe that analysis of accurate farm records will enable the farm owner/operator(s) to use his/her (their) farm records as a diagnostic tool that in turn can provide a benchmark for planning. We do recognize that this activity requires a time commitment from the MSU-E agent and also a willingness to bear some responsibility in improving the accuracy and consistency of the farm record database. It is to this problem of farm record consistency that this paper is addressed.