cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
CAREER: Intelligent Representations: How to Blend Physical and Virtual Representations by Adapting to the Individual Student's Needs in Real Time
Creators: name: Rau, Martina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: representations
virtual
physical
learning
science education
chemistry
embodied cognition
embodied learning

description: I will develop a theory that describes how complementary affordances of representation modes affect students’ learning of representation skills and domain knowledge. I will use this theory to develop a design framework for educational technologies that intelligently blend physical and virtual representations while adapting to student needs. Partnerships with instructors will ensure the technologies are usable in real educational contexts.
The Corona Borealis supercluster: connectivity, collapse, and evolution
Creators: name: Einasto, Maret
name: Kipper, Rain
name: Tenjes, Peeter
name: Lietzen, Heidi
name: Tempel, Elmo
name: Liivamägi, Lauri Juhan
name: Einasto, Jaan
name: Tamm, Antti
name: Heinämäki, Pekka
name: Nurmi, Pasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the Corona Borealis (CB) supercluster. We determined the high-density cores of the CB and the richest galaxy clusters in them, and studied their dynamical state and galaxy content. We determined filaments in the supercluster to analyse the connectivity of clusters. We compared the mass distribution in the CB with predictions from the spherical collapse model and analysed the acceleration field in the CB. We found that at a radius $R_{\mathrm{30}}$ around clusters in the CB (A2065, A2061, A2089, and Gr2064) (corresponding to the density contrast $Δρ\approx 30$), the galaxy distribution shows a minimum. The $R_{30}$ values for individual clusters lie in the range of $3 - 6$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc. The radii of the clusters (splashback radii) lie in the range of $R_{\mathrm{cl}} \approx 2 - 3$ $R_{\mathrm{vir}}$. The projected phase space diagrams and the comparison with the spherical collapse model suggest that $R_{\mathrm{30}}$ regions have passed turnaround and are collapsing. Galaxy content in clusters varies strongly. The cluster A2061 has the highest fraction of galaxies with old stellar populations, and A2065 has the highest fraction of galaxies with young stellar populations. The number of long filaments near clusters vary from one at A2089 to five at A2061. During the future evolution, the clusters in the main part of the CB may merge and form one of the largest bound systems in the nearby Universe. Another part of the CB, with the cluster Gr2064, will form a separate system. The structures with a current density contrast $Δρ\approx 30$ have passed turnaround and started to collapse at redshifts $z \approx 0.3 - 0.4$. The comparison of the number and properties of the most massive collapsing supercluster cores from observations and simulations may serve as a test for cosmological models.
description: 24 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in A&A, references updated
Electrocardiographic Screening in the First Days of Life for Diagnosing Long QT Syndrome: Findings from a Birth Cohort Study in Germany
Creators: name: Simma, Alexander
name: Potapow, Antonia
name: Brandstetter, Susanne
name: Michel, Holger
name: Melter, Michael
name: Seelbach-Göbel, Birgit
name: Apfelbacher, Christian J.
name: Kabesch, Michael
name: Gerling, Stephan
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sudden infant death · Electrocardiography screening · Long QT syndrome · Newborn · Birth cohort
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Introduction: Newborn sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has failed to decrease in the last decades, and a third of the neonatal cases occurred within the first 6 days of life. The long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetic disease with a prevalence of 1 in 2,000 live births and contributes to almost 10% of SIDS cases. Early identification of LQTS through electrocardiogram (ECG) screening is likely to reduce mortality. Methods and Results: In this ongoing prospective study we evaluated 2,251 ECGs from newborns participating in the KUNO Kids birth cohort study between July 2015 and July 2018. ECGs were recorded at a mean age of 2.0 days (IQR 0 days). The QT interval was corrected for heart rate using Bazett's formula (QTc). A QTc between 451 and 460, 461-470, and >470 ms was measured in 23 (1.0), 14 (0.6), and 62 (2.8%) participants, respectively. Fourteen neonates (0.62%) were admitted and monitored because their initial QTc was >= 500 ms. In 2 genetically analyzed participants, a mutation was found. One disease-causing for LQTS type 1 and the other of unclear significance. Cascade screening revealed affected members in both families. Conclusion: A standardized neonatal ECG screening in the first days of life is able to identify neonates with a relevant transient form of prolonged QT intervals and to aid diagnosing congenital LQTS.
Cosmological Evolution of the Formation Rate of Short Gamma-ray Bursts With and Without Extended Emission
Creators: name: Dainotti, Maria Giovanna
name: Petrosian, Vahe'
name: Bowden, Luke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14J60

description: Originating from neutron star-neutron star (NS-NS) or neutron star-black hole (NS-BH) mergers, short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) are the first electromagnetic emitters associated with gravitational waves. This association makes the determination of SGRB formation rate (FR) a critical issue. We determine the true SGRB FR and its relation to the cosmic star formation rate (SFR). This can help in determining the expected Gravitation Wave (GW) rate involving small mass mergers. We present non-parametric methods for the determination of the evolutions of the luminosity function (LF) and the FR using SGRBs observed by {\it Swift}, without any assumptions. These are powerful tools for small samples, such as our sample of 68 SGRBs. We combine SGRBs with and without extended emission (SEE), assuming that both descend from the same progenitor. To overcome the incompleteness introduced by redshift measurements we use the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test to find flux thresholds yielding a sample of sources with a redshift drawn from the parent sample including all sources. Using two subsamples of SGRBs with flux limits of $4.57 \times 10^{-7}$ and $2.15 \times 10^{-7}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ with respective KS {\it p=(1, 0.9)}, we find a 3 $σ$ evidence for luminosity evolution (LE), a broken power-law LF with significant steepening at $L\sim 10^{50}$ erg s$^{-1}$, and a FR evolution that decreases monotonically with redshift (independent of LE and the thresholds). Thus, SGRBs may have been more luminous in the past with a FR delayed relative to the SFR as expected in the merger scenario.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures contained in 4 panel, 1 table. The paper is about to appear on ApJL
Siting waste disposal facilities in host communities : impacts and acceptance
Creators: name: Zeiss, Christopher Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The siting of municipal solid waste disposal facilities is often unsuccessful or delayed because of host community opposition. Physical, economic, social and political impacts of landfill and an incinerator site are identified, assessed and combined in a rational model to explain the cause of opposition. Residents' beliefs about facility impacts correspond well with the assessed physical impacts at the landfill in identifying odor, birds, traffic, water emissions and explosion risks as negative impacts and convenient disposal as a benefit. At the incinerator, common resident beliefs comprise odors, noise, traffic and air emissions as negative impacts and energy recovery as a benefit. Underlying these obvious physical impacts, however is a group of non-physical beliefs about the harm to community image, loss of control, unfairness, and property value losses in the host community. These non-physical impacts influence the attitude about the facility as strongly as the physical impacts. Finally, exposure to obvious physical impacts is shown to negatively influence the beliefs about physical and non-physical (economic, social and political) impacts. Thus, by screening the host community from obvious physical impacts (nuisances), the beliefs about community image, control, fairness and property values can be enhanced. Since negative attitude and opposition action are strongest prior to facility construction, the siting efforts need to be focused on this period. After construction, the host community adapts to the new situation. The facility impacts are combined into a model to define a criterion for acceptance. The net value of facility impacts and benefits must reach or exceed in value the narrow tolerance range at the original host community reference point to avoid significant host community opposition. Impact reduction rather than compensation is theoretically shown to be the more effective approach to fulfilling the acceptance criterion. This approach is empirically tested at typical waste facility sites. Despite higher costs for prevention and emission control methods to reduce physical and non-physical impacts, these methods are shown to be superior to mitigation and compensation in gaining community acceptance. Based on the conclusions, the policy statement on waste facility sitings recommends first, defining entitlements and rules for the siting process, establishing increasing waste reduction and separation in a waste management plan, and using participative community planning as long-term, preventive facility siting measures. Short term siting measures comprise, the negotiation of siting agreements, the use of best available technical emission controls and continued monitoring by an overview committee. The focused use of prevention and control measures to address host community concerns can substantially enhance community acceptance of municipal solid waste facilities.
Convection, Heat Generation and Particle Deposition in Direct Laser Writing of Metallic Microstructures
Creators: name: Palmer, Thomas
name: Waller, Erik H.
name: Andrä, Heiko
name: Steiner, Konrad
name: von Freymann, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional metallic microstructures find applications as stents in medicine, as ultrabroadband antennas in communications, in micromechanical parts or as structures of more fundamental interest in photonics like metamaterials. Direct metal printing of such structures using three-dimensional laser lithography is a promising approach, which is not extensively applied yet, as fabrication speed, surface quality, and stability of the resulting structures are limited so far. In order to identify the limiting factors, we investigate the influence of light-particle interactions and varying scan speed on heat generation and particle deposition in direct laser writing of silver. We introduce a theoretical model which captures diffusion of particles and heat as well as the fluid dynamics of the photo-resist. Chemical reactions are excluded from the model but particle production is calibrated using experimental data. We find that optical forces generally surmount those due to convection of the photo-resist. Simulations predict overheating of the photo-resist at laser powers similar to those found in experiments. The thermal sensitivity of the system is essentially determined by the largest particles present in the laser focus. Our results suggest that to improve particle deposition and to achieve higher writing speeds in metal direct laser writing, strong optical trapping of the emerging particles is desirable. Furthermore, precise control of the particle size reduces the risk of spontaneous overheating.
description: Corrected formatting of metadata
Mitochondria-targeted Porphyrinoids: A New class of Photosensitizer for One and Two-photon Targeted Photodynamic Therapy
Creators: name: Rangasamy, Sabarinathan
name: Bandini, Elisa
name: Venturini, Alessandro
name: Manet, Ilse
name: Bombelli, Cecilia
name: Heitz, Valérie
name: Bolze, Frédéric
name: Ventura, Barbara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Poster presented at the "Annual Congress of the Italian Society of Photobiology – SIFB2019", 19-21 June 2019, CNR-ISOF, Bologna, Italy.
description: Poster Presentation PC8
Enhanced biological phosphorus removal using a sequencing batch RBC
Creators: name: Simm, Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The objective of the research program was to demonstrate the technical feasibility of removing phosphorus, by the enhanced biological phosphorus removal mechanism, from domestic wastewater using a laboratory scale Sequencing Batch Rotating Biological Contactor (SBRBC). The rotating discs of the RBC were subjected to alternating anaerobic/aerobic conditions by varying the water level in the reaction vessel. At the start of the treatment cycle, the RBC reactor would be filled submerging the rotating discs and ensuring anaerobic conditions in the RBC biofilm. Acetate would be added to the reaction vessel at this time. Following the batch anaerobic react period part of the reactor contents were decanted to either the sewage feed tank or a separate holding vessel to later become part of the influent for the next treatment cycle. With the rotating: discs of the-RBC partially submerged oxygen was available to the bacteria, in the RBC biofilm. Three operating schedules were tried with the above process. Each operating schedule differed in the way the decanted wastewater from the anaerobic phase was handled. Batch tests were conducted weekly to determine the nature of the biological reactions taking place in each of the batch anaerobic and aerobic phases. The SBRBC process showed promise for enhanced biological phosphorus removal from domestic wastewater. Carbon removal and nitrification of the wastewater were secondary benefits to this process. The success of the process was found to be dependent on the attainment of proper anaerobic conditions at the start of each treatment cycle.
‘The Arches’ – The Falcon Study Immersive Digital Story
Creators: name: Turpin, Holly
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2024

description: A 360 degree narrated video.

A co-created immersive digital story co-created with participants with experiences of homelessness, part of the PhD research 'Understanding Homelessness in Loughborough Through Co-Creative Immersive Digital Storytelling'.
Unravelling the Full Relaxation Dynamics of Superexcited Helium Nanodroplets
Creators: name: Asmussen, Jakob D.
name: Michiels, Rupert
name: Dulitz, Katrin
name: Ngai, Aaron
name: Bangert, Ulrich
name: Barranco, Manuel
name: Binz, Marcel
name: Bruder, Lukas
name: Danailov, Miltcho
name: Di Fraia, Michele
name: Eloranta, Jussi
name: Feifel, Raimund
name: Giannessi, Luca
name: Pi, Marti
name: Plekan, Oksana
name: Prince, Kevin C.
name: Squibb, Richard J.
name: Uhl, Daniel
name: Wituschek, Andreas
name: Zangrando, Marco
name: Callegari, Carlo
name: Stienkemeier, Frank
name: Mudrich, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relaxation dynamics of superexcited superfluid He nanodroplets is thoroughly investigated by means of extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) femtosecond electron and ion spectroscopy complemented by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). Three main paths leading to the emission of electrons and ions are identified: Droplet autoionization, pump-probe photoionization, and autoionization induced by re-excitation of droplets relaxing into levels below the droplet ionization threshold. The most abundant product of both droplet autoionization and photoionization is He$_2^+$, whereas the delayed appearance of He$^+$ is indicative of the ejection of excited He atoms from the droplets. The state-resolved time-dependent photoelectron spectra reveal that intermediate excited states of the droplets are populated in the course of the relaxation, terminating in the lowest-lying metastable singlet and triplet He atomic states. The slightly faster relaxation of the triplet state compared to the singlet state is in agreement with the simulation showing faster formation of a bubble around a He atom in the triplet state.
title: Финансовое право
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2025

description: Настоящий практикум включает в себя комплекс заданий по закреплению обучающимися знаний, навыков и умений по наиболее важным институтам финансового права: принципы и сущностные характеристики финансовой деятельности государства, организация финансового контроля, основы бюджетного права и бюджетного процесса, правовой режим государственных внебюджетных фондов социального назначения, правовое регулирование государственных доходов, в том числе государственного кредита и государственного долга, страхования за счет средств государственного бюджета и банковской деятельности. Предлагаемые задания основаны на практической деятельности органов публичной власти, в том числе правоохранительных и контрольно-надзорных органов. Практикум подготовлен в соответствии с Федеральным государственным образовательным стандартом высшего образования. Предназначен для студентов всех специальностей и направлений подготовки высшего образования, учебными планами которых предусмотрено изучение дисциплины «Финансовое право». Также издание будет интересно преподавателям, аспирантам и адъюнктам высших учебных заведений.
title: Über die Besonderheit der städtischen Angelfischerei am Beispiel von Hamburg
Creators: name: Gellers, Sören
name: Hedling, Rikard
name: Blenckner, Thorsten
name: Boonstra, Wiebren Johannes
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Fischerei
Year: 2024

description: Der größte Teil der Angelfischerei findet an der Küste oder in Seen, Flüssen oder Teichen statt. Da viele Menschen in Städten leben, wird die Angelfischerei auch in städtischen Gebieten ausgeübt. In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, ob die städtische Angelfischerei und die Angler:innen im Hinblick auf eine nachhaltige Bewirtschaftung der aquatischen Umwelt besondere Aufmerksamkeit verdienen. Die Untersuchung geht von der Hypothese aus, dass zwei Herausforderungen, mit denen die Angelfischerei häufig konfrontiert ist, in einem städtischen Kontext an Bedeutung gewinnen könnten: Konflikte mit anderen Interessengruppen über den Zugang zu und die Kontrolle über aquatische Ressourcen sowie moralische Bedenken und Debatten über den Schaden, den Angler:innen den Fischen möglicherweise zufügen. Wir diskutieren diese Prämissen anhand einer Studie über Streetfishing und Fischereimanagement in der Stadt Hamburg. Das Beispiel Hamburg veranschaulicht die soziale und kulturelle Vielfalt innerhalb der städtischen Angelfischerei sowie tiefgreifende Machtungleichheiten, die mit dieser Vielfalt einhergehen. Die Ergebnisse unterstützen die Erwartung, dass das Potenzial für Interessen- und Wertekonflikte zwischen Freizeitanglern und anderen Interessengruppen im städtischen Kontext sehr hoch ist.
description: For the most important part recreational fishing takes place in nature areas along the seacoast or in lakes, rivers, or ponds. But with more people living in cities, fishing is also regularly performed in urban environments. In this paper we investigate whether urban fisheries and fishers merit any special attention in terms of management of aquatic environments. The research hypothesizes that in an urban context two challenges that frequently confront recreational fisheries might become more arresting: conflicts with other stakeholders concerning access to and control over aquatic resources; and the moral concerns and debate over the harm that fishers potentially inflict on fish. We discuss this premise using results from a case study of street angling and fisheries management in the city of Hamburg, Germany. The case illustrates the social and cultural diversity within urban fisheries, as well as profound inequalities in power associated with the diversity between stakeholders. These findings lend support for the expectation that the potential for interest- and value conflicts in an urban context between recreational fishers and other stakeholders is profound.
Topological Content Delivery with Feedback and Random Receiver Cache
Creators: name: Vahid, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of content delivery in two-user interference channels with altering topology, random available cache at the receivers, and delayed channel knowledge at the transmitter. We establish a new set of outer-bounds on the achievable rates when each receiver has access to a random fraction of the message intended for the other receiver, and when each transmitter is aware of which part of its own message is known to the unintended receiver. The outer-bounds reveal the significant potential rate boost associated with even a small amount of side-information at each receiver. The key in deriving the bounds is to quantify the baseline entropy that will always become available to the unintended receiver given the altering topology and the already available side-information. We will also present matching achievable rates in certain scenarios and outline the challenges in more general settings.
Forschungsdatenmanagement mit bwFDM entschlüsseln. Schulungs- und Weiterbildungsangebote der Landesinitiative
Creators: name: Habinger, Sophie G.
name: Heber, Maximilian
name: Krömer, Cora F.
name: Mikautsch, Emilia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: SaxFDM Tagung
SaxFDM
bwFDM

description: Posterbeitrag im Rahmen der 5. SaxFDM-Tagung an der Universitätsbibliothek der TU Bergakademie Freiberg.
UTJECAJ BIODINAMIČKE POLJOPRIVREDE NA BIORAZNOLIKOST RODOVA NEMATODA U TLU TIJEKOM 2020/21. GODINE U NASADU POVRĆA
Creators: name: Parmačević, Marina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Biodinamička ili ekološka poljoprivreda njeguje tla na način koji potiče i podržava život u zemlji. Plodno tlo vrvi od života koje se prostim okom najčešće ne vidi. „Ono je puno raznih životinjica: gujavica, crvi, ličinki kukaca, te mnogobrojnih mikroorganizma, koji neplodnu glinu pretvaraju u plodno zemljište“ (Burčak, 2007.). Neki od njih su vrlo osjetljivi i na najmanje promjene koje se događaju u tlu. Primjerice, nematode, koje žive u filmu vode oko čestica tla, te svaka promjena u tlu preko njihove kutikule utječe na strukturu njihove zajednice. Promjena zajednica nematoda u tlu podložna je utjecaju obrade tla, gnojidbi, poboljšivačima tla, toksičnim elementima iz pesticida i fungicida. Za razliku od drugih organizama posjeduju karakteristike koje ih čine dobrim bioindikatorima. Spoznaje o funkcioniranju i osjetljivosti ekosustava tla na osnovu nematoda kao bioindikatora omogućiti će očuvanje ekološki čistog tla u svrhu biološke produktivnosti i očuvanje okoliša.
description: THE INFLUENCE OF BIODYNAMIC AGRICULTURE ON THE BIODIVERSITY OF GENDER NEMATODES IN SOIL DURING 2020/21. YEARS IN THE VEGETABLE PLANTATION
Thin Film Growth of Heavy Fermion Chiral Magnet YbNi3Al9
Creators: name: Shishido, Hiroaki
name: Okumura, Akira
name: Saimyoji, Tatsuya
name: Nakamura, Shota
name: Ohara, Shigeo
name: Togawa, Yoshihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We grew thin films of a heavy fermion chiral magnet YbNi$_3$Al$_9$ by using molecular beam epitaxy. They were grown on $c$-plane sapphire substrates under ultra-high vacuum while maintaining a deposition rate at a stoichiometric ratio among Yb, Ni, and Al. The resulting thin films contain epitaxial grains with a $c$ axis parallel to the substrate surface: The YbNi$_3$Al$_9$ $c$ axis is parallel to the sapphire $b$ or $a$ axis. The temperature dependence of the resistivity exhibits a typical feature of a dense Kondo system with a broad shoulder structure at $\sim$40\,K, as well as a kink as a signature of the chiral helimagnetic ordering at 3.6\,K. These features are consistent with those previously observed in bulk samples. The shift in the kink associated with the field-induced phase transition is found in the magnetoresistance curves under a magnetic field applied in the direction perpendicular to the $c$-axis. The magnetic phase diagram well reproduces that for the bulk crystals, implying that the chiral soliton lattice phase arises under magnetic fields, even in thin films.
Device-spectroscopy of magnetic field effects in a polyfluorene organic light-emitting diode
Creators: name: Nguyen, T. D.
name: Rybicki, J.
name: Sheng, Y.
name: Wohlgenannt, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform charge-induced absorption and electroluminescence spectroscopy in a polyfluorene organic magnetoresistive device. Our experiments allow us to measure the singlet exciton, triplet exciton and polaron densities in a live device under an applied magnetic field, and to distinguish between three different models that were proposed to explain organic magnetoresistance. These models are based on different spin-dependent interactions, namely exciton formation, triplet exciton-polaron quenching and bipolaron formation. We show that the singlet exciton, triplet exciton and polaron densities and conductivity all increase with increasing magnetic field. Our data are inconsistent with the exciton formation and triplet-exciton polaron quenching models.
description: 4 pages, two figures
Elko as self-interacting fermionic dark matter with axis of locality
Creators: name: Ahluwalia, D. V.
name: Lee, Cheng-Yang
name: Schritt, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We here provide further details on the construction and properties of mass dimension one quantum fields based on Elko expansion coefficients. We show that by a judicious choice of phases, the locality structure can be dramatically improved. In the process we construct a fermionic dark matter candidate which carries not only an unsuppressed quartic self interaction but also a preferred axis. Both of these aspects are tentatively supported by the data on dark matter.
description: Published version
Atomic Biology, Electrostatics, and Ionic Channels
Creators: name: Eisenberg, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I believe an atomic biology is needed to supplement present day molecular biology, if we are to design and understand proteins, as well as define, make, and use them. Topics in the paper are molecular biology and atomic biology. Electrodiffusion in the open channel. Electrodiffusion in mixed electrolytes. Models of permeation. State Models of Permeation are Inconsistent with the Electric Field. Making models in atomic biology. Molecular dynamics. Temporal Limitations; Spatial Limitations; Periodic boundary conditions. Hierarchy of models of the open channel. Stochastic Motion of the Channel. Langevin Dynamics. Simulations of the Reaction Path: the Permion. Chemical reactions. What was wrong? Back to the hierarchy: Occam's razor can slit your throat. Poisson-Nernst-Planck PNP Models Flux Ratios; Pumping by Field Coupling. Gating in channels of one conformation. Gating by Field Switching; Gating Current; Gating in Branched Channels; Blocking. Back to the hierarchy: Linking levels. Is there a theory? At what level will the adaptation be found? Simplicity, evolution, and natural function.
description: This is a submission without substantive change of a chapter in the hard to find book, "New Developments and Theoretical Studies of Proteins" World Scientific Publishing Philadelphia, Edited by Ron Elber, published in 1996 ISBN-10:9810221967; ISBN-13:978-9810221966. RS Eisenberg is also known as Bob Eisenberg. Headers and Footers have been modified in versions 2 and 3
Two-dimensional quantum-dot helium in a magnetic field: Variational theory
Creators: name: Ciftja, Orion
name: Faruk, M. Golam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A trial wave function for two-dimensional quantum dot helium in an arbitrary perpendicular magnetic field (a system of two interacting electrons in a two-dimensional parabolic confinement potential) is introduced. A key ingredient of this trial wave function is a Jastrow pair correlation factor that has a displaced Gaussian form. The above choice of the pair correlation factor is instrumental on assuring the overall quality of the wave function at all values of the magnetic field.Exact numerical diagonalization results are used to gauge the quality of the proposed trial wave function.We find out that this trial wave function is an excellent representation of the true ground state at all values of the magnetic field including weak (or zero) and strong magnetic fields.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
Long period variables and Gaia
Creators: name: Lebzelter, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The third Gaia Data Release included the second Gaia catalogue of long-period variables (LPVs), with G variability amplitudes larger than 0.1 mag. The catalogue contains 1 720 558 LPV candidates, including 392 240 stars with published periods (ranging from 35 to ∼1000 days) and 546 468 stars classified as C-star candidates. This talk summarizes some first results from this unprecedented database.
Unraveling the binding characteristics of small ligands to telomeric DNA by pressure modulation
Creators: name: Oliva, Rosario
name: Mukherjee, Sanjib
name: Winter, Roland
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Chemistry
subject: 540

description: Recently, non-canonical DNA structures, such as G-quadruplexes (GQs), were found to be highly pressure sensitive, suggesting that pressure modulation studies can provide additional mechanistic details of such biomolecular systems. Using FRET and CD spectroscopy as well as binding equilibrium measurements, we investigated the effect of pressure on the binding reaction of the ligand ThT to the quadruplex 22AG in solutions containing different ionic species and a crowding agent mimicking the intracellular milieu. Pressure modulation helped us to identify the different conformational substates adopted by the quadruplex at the different solution conditions and to determine the volumetric changes during complex formation and the conformational transitions involved. The magnitudes of the binding volumes are a hallmark of packing defects and hydrational changes upon ligand binding. The conformational substates of the GQ as well as the binding strength and the stoichiometry of complex formation depend strongly on the solution conditions as well as on pressure. High hydrostatic pressure can also impact GQs inside living cells and thus affect expression of genetic information in deep sea organisms. We show that sub-kbar pressures do not only affect the conformational dynamics and structures of GQs, but also their ligand binding reactions.
description: Scientific reports;11. 2021, Art. No. 9714
Interfacial Characteristics of Cement Mortars Containing Aggregate Derived from Industrial Slag Waste
Creators: name: Sung-In Hong
name: Hanif, Asad
name: Younghwan Kim
name: Hongseob Oh
name: Chuanlin Hu
name: Hyeongi Lee
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Abstract: In this study, the porosity assessment of cement mortars containing Precious Slag (PS) Ball – an industrial waste produced by rapid cooling of slag generated from steel making process by Slag Atomizing Technology (SAT) – is done by backscattered electron (BSE) image analysis. PS incorporated mortars were prepared. And tested for strength at different ages. Later, the BSE analysis was done by employing the pore segmentation method.  Binarization on the images using Otsu’s thresholding method was done followed by the porosity determination. As the interfacial attributes was the primary concern, the porosity was determined from the aggregate surface to the 100μm width. A total of 24 sections were analysed and the mean values were plotted. Although the PS Ball incorporated mortar exhibited 10% lower strength at 28-day age, it showed stronger and less porous interface between aggregate and paste matrix (from particle surface up to 35μm width) as compared to that of normal mortar containing sand, which is justifiable by the chemical composition of PS Ball attributed to the potential chemical binding. Further, the porosity decreased as the distance from aggregate surface increased. While the use of PS Ball is environmental friendly, its enhanced interfacial properties with a meagre strength loss of cement mortars when used as 100% sand replacer, encourage its use in sustainable construction materials.
Billiards in Nearly Isosceles Triangles
Creators: name: Hooper, W. Patrick
name: Schwartz, Richard Evan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D50 (Primary) 37E15, 51M04 (Secondary)

description: We prove that any sufficiently small perturbation of an isosceles triangle has a periodic billiard path. Our proof involves the analysis of certain infinite families of Fourier series that arise in connection with triangular billiards, and reveals some self-similarity phenomena in irrational triangular billiards. Our analysis illustrates the surprising fact that billiards on a triangle near a Veech triangle is extremely complicated even though Billiards on a Veech triangle is very well understood.
description: Errors have been corrected in Section 9 from the prior and published versions of this paper. In particular, the formulas associated to homology classes of curves corresponding to stable periodic billiard paths in obtuse Veech triangles were corrected. See Remark 9.1 of the paper for more information. The main results and the results from other sections are unaffected. 82 pages, 43 figures
Quantum Cryptography for Secured Key Distribution
Creators: name: Amujo, Oluyemi
name: Hammawa, M.B
name: Atumoshi, A.Y.
name: Abdulrahman, A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80303 Computer System Security
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Applied Computer Science
subject: Theoretical Computer Science

description: The strength of modern cryptography algorithms are based on the factors such as keys-space, transmission techniques and fundamental process of executing one-way/trapdoor functions which are said to be intractable. But modern cryptography is vulnerable to advancement in technology and computing power that can make possible billions guesses of keys within a short period of time. In other words, by the evolvement of high-speed computers such as quantum computers, the popular schemes used in modern cryptography are becoming insignificant. As a way-forward, the quantum mechanics and computer engineering together offer a new way for securing data known as quantum cryptography with major primitive such as quantum key distribution (QKD). QKD provides secure key distribution over a network by the laws of quantum physics and ensures that encryption keys are transmitted securely even in the presence of eavesdropper. This paper focuses on quantum cryptography and how it contributes value to a long-time strategy pertaining to completely secure key distribution. The scope of this paper covers the weaknesses of modern/classical cryptosystems, the fundamental concepts of quantum cryptography that contributes to its strength such as entanglement, superposition and quantum uncertainty. Finally, the paper demonstrates, through evaluation method, that all the family of one-way/trapdoor functions is tractable on quantum system.
In-line forces on a slender structure subjected to combined waves and currents
Creators: name: Hughes, Brian R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The present investigation considers the hydrodynamic forces acting on a slender structure subjected to a combined wave and current flow regime. The experimental aspect of the study measured the in-line peak-to-peak forces on a vertical cylinder mounted in a wave-current flume. Although there were some inconsistencies in the data, the general trend indicated a substantial increase in the force with a positive underlying current and a less pronounced increase for a negative current. A numerical analysis of the problem evaluated Morison's equation using the current-invariant force transfer coefficients and flow kinematics obtained through Stokes Fifth Order Wave Theory. The results of this analysis revealed a trend qualitatively similar to that found experimentally. The important distinction between the results obtained through the experimental investigation and those obtained numerically was the consistent over-prediction observed in the numerical analysis.
Comprehensive evaluation of post-approval regulatory actions during the drug lifecycle – a focus on benefits and risks
Creators: name: Bloem, Lourens T.
name: Karomi, Mariana
name: Hoekman, Jarno
name: van der Elst, Menno E.
name: Leufkens, Hubert G.M.
name: Klungel, Olaf H.
name: Mantel-Teeuwisse, Aukje K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background: Prior studies investigated regulatory actions that reflected a negative impact on drug risks. We aimed to evaluate occurrence of regulatory actions that reflected a negative or positive impact on benefits or risks, as well as relations between them. Research design and methods: We followed EMA-approved innovative drugs from approval (2009–2010) until July 2020 or withdrawal to identify regulatory actions. We assessed these for impact on benefits or risks and relations between actions. Additionally, we scrutinized drug lifecycles for time-variant characteristics that may contribute to specific patterns of regulatory actions. Results: We identified 14 letters and 361 label updates for 40 drugs. Of the label updates, 85 (24%) reflected a positive impact, mostly concerning indications, and 276 (76%) a negative impact, mostly adverse drug reactions. Many updates (54%) occurred simultaneously with other updates, also if these reflected a different impact. Furthermore, levels of patient exposure, innovativeness, needs for regulatory learning and unexpected risks may contribute to patterns of regulatory actions. Conclusions: Almost a quarter of regulatory actions reflected a positive impact on benefits and risks. Also, simultaneous learning about benefits and risks suggests an important role for drug development in risk characterization. These findings may impact regulatory analyses and decision-making.
Galois objects and cocycle twisting for locally compact quantum groups
Creators: name: De Commer, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L65

description: In this article, we investigate the notion of a Galois object for a locally compact quantum group M. Such an object consists of a von Neumann algebra N equipped with an ergodic integrable coaction of M on N, such that the crossed product is a type I factor. We show how to construct from such a coaction a new locally compact quantum group P, which we call the reflection of M along N. By way of application, we prove the following statement: any twisting of a locally compact quantum group by a unitary 2-cocycle is again a locally compact quantum group.
description: 40 pages, to be published in the Journal of Operator Theory; this is a shortened version of the previous submission, whose results have been subsumed in our PhD thesis (available at http://hdl.handle.net/1979/2662).
Additional file 1 of Association between stress hyperglycemia ratio and delirium in older hospitalized patients: a cohort study
Creators: name: Song, Quhong
name: Dai, Miao
name: Zhao, Yanli
name: Lin, Taiping
name: Huang, Li
name: Yue, Jirong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table A1. Univariate analysis to identify potential risk factors associated with delirium. Table A2. Comparison of clinical characteristics between delirium and non-delirium patients, stratified by the presence/absence of background hyperglycemia.
Evidence for multiple origins of fast declining Type II supernovae from spectropolarimetry of SN 2013ej and SN 2017ahn
Creators: name: Nagao, T.
name: Patat, F.
name: Taubenberger, S.
name: Baade, D.
name: Faran, T.
name: Cikota, A.
name: Sand, D. J.
name: Bulla, M.
name: Kuncarayakti, H.
name: Maund, J. R.
name: Tartaglia, L.
name: Valenti, S.
name: Reichart, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the diverse light-curve shapes of Type II supernovae (SNe), and whether they come from similar or distinct progenitors, has been actively discussed for decades. Here we report spectropolarimetry of two fast declining Type II (Type IIL) SNe: SN 2013ej and SN 2017ahn. SN 2013ej exhibited high continuum polarization from very soon after the explosion to the radioactive tail phase with time-variable polarization angles. The origin of this polarimetric behavior can be interpreted as the combination of two different aspherical structures, namely an aspherical interaction of the SN ejecta with circumstellar matter (CSM) and an inherently aspherical explosion. Aspherical explosions are a common feature of slowly declining Type II (Type IIP) SNe. By contrast, SN 2017ahn showed low polarization not only in the photospheric phase but also in the radioactive tail phase. This low polarization in the tail phase, which has never before been observed in other Type IIP/L SNe, suggests that the explosion of SN 2017ahn was nearly spherical. These observations imply that Type IIL SNe have, at least, two different origins: they result from stars that have different explosion properties and/or different mass-loss processes. This fact might indicate that 13ej-like Type IIL SNe originate from a similar progenitor to those of Type IIP SNe accompanied by an aspherical CSM interaction, while 17ahn-like Type IIL SNe come from a more massive progenitor with less hydrogen in its envelope.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: The roles, motivations, and capacities of the community in the desistance process: A case study of the Knowsley area.
Creators: name: Campbell, W
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2019

description: This research study explores the roles, motivations, and capacities that communities within Knowsley, Merseyside, England, can play in the re-integration and re-settlement of ex-prisoners. It takes place during the time when transformations to rehabilitation are operational in practice. The research speaks to those directly involved and impacted by the success and failure of these measures to rehabilitate ex-prisoners. Speaking to these individuals serves to explore what impact this has had upon their role in the desistance processes of ex-prisoners (if any). Gaining a greater understanding of their readiness, willingness, and ability to play a role, this research can help influence how best to re-integrate and re-settle ex-prisoners. This was done through semi-structured interviews and focus groups, and the narratives of those representing who are active, passive, formally, and informally involved were collected. Upon doing so, it came to be established that communities are an important factor in an ex-prisoner’s ability to desist and cease from re-offending. Having knowledge of an offender’s life histories pre-, during, and post-release, was considered to increase the potential for an individual to be motivated to play an actively positive role in the desistance processes of ex-prisoners, with the role an individual performs being influenced by their capacities in practice.
Time dependent black holes and thermal equilibration
Creators: name: Bak, Dongsu
name: Gutperle, Michael
name: Karch, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study aspects of a recently proposed exact time dependent black hole solution of IIB string theory using the AdS/CFT correspondence. The dual field theory is a thermal system in which initially a vacuum density for a non-conserved operator is turned on. We can see that in agreement with general thermal field theory expectation the system equilibrates: the expectation value of the non-conserved operator goes to zero exponentially and the entropy increases. In the field theory the process can be described quantitatively in terms of a thermofield state and exact agreement with the gravity answers is found.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures, References and one comment added, one more comment added
Numerical method for the equilibrium configurations of a Maier-Saupe bulk potential in a Q-tensor model of an anisotropic nematic liquid crystal
Creators: name: Schimming, Cody D.
name: Viñals, Jorge
name: Walker, Shawn W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical method, based on a tensor order parameter description of a nematic phase, that allows fully anisotropic elasticity. Our method thus extends the Landau-de Gennes $\mathbf{Q}$-tensor theory to anisotropic phases. A microscopic model of the nematogen is introduced (the Maier-Saupe potential in the case discussed in this paper), combined with a constraint on eigenvalue bounds of $\mathbf{Q}$. This ensures a physically valid order parameter $\mathbf{Q}$ (i.e., the eigenvalue bounds are maintained), while allowing for more general gradient energy densities that can include cubic nonlinearities, and therefore elastic anisotropy. We demonstrate the method in two specific two dimensional examples in which the Landau-de Gennes model including elastic anisotropy is known to fail, as well as in three dimensions for the cases of a hedgehog point defect, a disclination line, and a disclination ring. The details of the numerical implementation are also discussed.
description: 37 pages, 8 figures