cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Competition in Local Food Markets
Creators: name: Connolly, Cristina
name: Klaiber, H. Allen
name: Connolly, Cristina
name: Klaiber, H. Allen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: direct marketing
subject: market entry
subject: market structure

description: While local food production plays an increasingly prominent role in U.S. agriculture, there is growing concern about oversaturation. Using a national dataset, we identify locational attributes that are conducive to the establishment of direct-marketing operations and assess competitive behavior. Our model links firm-entry decisions to market size using reduced-form profit functions, which are characterized by the cost of agricultural land and demand variables. We find significant heterogeneity in the required population to support direct-marketing entrants and show that markets become perfectly competitive upon entry of the third direct-marketing establishment, with heterogeneous market potential for new entrants.
Unwrapping of DNA-protein complexes under external stretching
Creators: name: Sakaue, Takahiro
name: Löwen, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A DNA-protein complex modelled by a semiflexible chain and an attractive spherical core is studied in the situation when an external stretching force is acting on one end monomer of the chain while the other end monomer is kept fixed in space. Without stretching force, the chain is wrapped around the core. By applying an external stretching force, unwrapping of the complex is induced. We study the statics and the dynamics of the unwrapping process by computer simulation and simple phenomenological theory. We find two different scenarios depending on the chain stiffness: For a flexible chain, the extension of the complex scales linearly with the external force applied. The sphere-chain complex is disordered, i.e. there is no clear winding of the chain around the sphere. For a stiff chain, on the other hand, the complex structure is ordered, which is reminiscent to nucleosome. There is a clear winding number and the unwrapping process under external stretching is discontinuous with jumps of the distance-force curve. This is associated to discrete unwinding processes of the complex. Our predictions are of relevance for experiments, which measure force-extension curves of DNA-protein complexes, such as nucleosome, using optical tweezers.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Le sentiment d’auto-efficacité personnelle d’enseignants du secondaire : comparaison entre classe régulière et classe spéciale. Revue internationale de communication et de socialisation, 3(1), 77-91
Creators: name: Tremblay, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Education

description: Dans le cadre d’une recherche descriptive, le sentiment d’auto-efficacité des enseignants québécois du secondaire (langues, sciences et mathématiques) selon le contexte d’enseignement (classes régulière, spéciale ou mixte) a été analysé. Pour ce faire, des enseignants ont été interrogés à l’aide d’un questionnaire basé sur l’échelle d’auto-efficacité des enseignants. Ce questionnaire a été soumis à 253 enseignants d’écoles secondaires du Québec. Les résultats montrent peu de différences significatives entre les trois groupes d’enseignants, sauf en ce qui concerne la capacité d’adaptation du niveau des travaux, la gestion des cas difficiles et l’importance de l’influence familiale sur les apprentissages des élèves. Les résultats obtenus ont été comparés à ceux d’une autre recherche utilisant le même échantillon et portant sur l’attitude des enseignants envers l’inclusion scolaire.
Additional file 1 of Low frequency of disease flare in patients with rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases who received SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine
Creators: name: Spinelli, Francesca Romana
name: Favalli, Ennio Giulio
name: Garufi, Cristina
name: Cornalba, Martina
name: Colafrancesco, Serena
name: Conti, Fabrizio
name: Caporali, Roberto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Flow-chart of the phone call interview. Figure S2. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showing age- and sex-adjusted risk of systemic adverse events after I and II dose of vaccination in patients and controls. Figure S3. Occurrence of adverse events following immunization according to age and sex in patients and controls. Figure S4. Risk of adverse events following immunization in RMD patients according to ongoing treatment, previous SARS-CoV2 infection and treatment withdrawal prior to vaccination.
Temporal stimulated intersubband emission of photoexcited electrons
Creators: name: Vasko, F. T.
name: Hernandez-Cabrera, A.
name: Aceituno, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the transient evolution of electrons distributed over two levels in a wide quantum well, with the two levels below the optical phonon energy, after an ultrafast interband excitation and cascade emission of optical phonons. If electrons are distributed near the top of the passive region, a temporal negative absorption appears to be dominant in the intersubband response. This is due to the effective broadening of the upper level state under the optical phonon emission. We have then considered the amplification of the ground mode in a THz waveguide with a multiquantum well placed at the center of the cavity. A huge increase of the probe signal is obtained, which permits the temporal stimulated emission regime of the photoexcited electrons in the THz spectral region.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, brief report
Statistical properties of transport in plasma turbulence
Creators: name: Naulin, Volker
name: Garcia, Odd Erik
name: Nielsen, Anders Henry
name: Rasmussen, Jens Juul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistical properties of the $E \times B$ flux in different types of plasma turbulence simulations are investigated using probability density distribution functions (PDF). The physics included in the models ranges from two dimensional drift-wave turbulence to three dimensional MHD simulations. The PDFs of the flux surface averaged transport are in good agreement with an extreme value distribution (EVD). This is interpreted as a signature of localized vortical structures dominating the transport on a flux surface. Models accounting for a local input of energy and including the global evolution of background profiles show a more bursty behavior in 2D as well as 3D simulations of interchange and drift type turbulence. Although the PDFs are not Gaussian, again no algebraic tails are observed. The tails are, in all cases considered, in excellent agreement with EVDs.
description: 16 pages and 11 figures
New insight into the exotic states strongly coupled with the $D\bar{D}^*$ from the $T^+_{cc}$
Creators: name: Wang, Guang-Juan
name: Yang, Zhi
name: Wu, Jia-Jun
name: Oka, Makoto
name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the internal structure of the open- and hidden-charmed ($DD^*$/$\bar DD^*$) molecules in the unified framework. We first fit the experimental lineshape of the $T^+_{cc}$ state and extract the $DD^*$ interaction, from which the $T^+_{cc}$ is assumed to arise solely. Then we obtain the $D\bar{D}^*$ interaction by charge conjugation. Our results show that the $D\bar{D}^*$ interaction is attractive but insufficient to form $X(3872)$ as a bound state. Instead, its formation requires the crucial involvement of the coupled channel effect between the $D\bar D^*$ and $c\bar c$ components, although the $c\bar c$ accounts for approximately $1\%$ only. Besides $X(3872)$, we have obtained a higher-energy state around $3957.9$ MeV with a width of $16.7$ MeV, which may be a potential candidate for the $X(3940)$. In $J^{PC}=1^{+-}$ sector, we have found two states related to the iso-scalar $\tilde X(3872)$ and $h_c(2P)$, respectively. Our combined study provides valuable insights into the nature of these $DD^*$/$D\bar D^*$ exotic states.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, version accepted for publication in Science Bulletin
Remember our ancestor’s teachings : a personal journey in education
Creators: name: Kirk, David
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: How does cultural identity influence an Aboriginal learners’ education? I am particularly interested in how cultural identities is recognized and nourished including the programmatic aspect of such culturally focused education (i.e. formal or informal, provincially initiated or from the Aboriginal communities). This topic is of great interest to me as I grew up being removed from my culture and have been on a path in my adulthood to rediscover my cultural identity as a Two-Spirited Sto:lo Man. In order to understand my cultural identity it is important to examine what it is to be Two-Spirited and the history that goes along with that identity. In my field of work as a First Nation’s advisor for post secondary students I have observed first hand the influence of cultural identity and how that can be nurtured in an institutional setting. The one common thread throughout the literature is that of transformation and how that is key to cultural identity amongst Aboriginal learners.
Cool Jupiters greatly outnumber their toasty siblings: Occurrence rates from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search
Creators: name: Wittenmyer, Robert A.
name: Wang, Songhu
name: Horner, Jonathan
name: Butler, R. P.
name: Tinney, C. G.
name: Carter, B. D.
name: Wright, D. J.
name: Jones, H. R. A.
name: Bailey, J.
name: O'Toole, S. J.
name: Johns, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our understanding of planetary systems different to our own has grown dramatically in the past 30 years. However, our efforts to ascertain the degree to which the Solar system is abnormal or unique have been hindered by the observational biases inherent to the methods that have yielded the greatest exoplanet hauls. On the basis of such surveys, one might consider our planetary system highly unusual - but the reality is that we are only now beginning to uncover the true picture. In this work, we use the full eighteen-year archive of data from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search to examine the abundance of 'Cool Jupiters' - analogs to the Solar system's giant planets, Jupiter and Saturn. We find that such planets are intrinsically far more common through the cosmos than their siblings, the hot Jupiters. We find that the occurrence rate of such 'Cool Jupiters' is $6.73^{+2.09}_{-1.13}$\%, almost an order of magnitude higher than the occurrence of hot Jupiters (at $0.84^{+0.70}_{-0.20}$\%). We also find that the occurrence rate of giant planets is essentially constant beyond orbital distances of $\sim$1\,au. Our results reinforce the importance of legacy radial velocity surveys for the understanding of the Solar system's place in the cosmos.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Theoretical Prediction of Magnetic Exchange Coupling Constants from Broken-Symmetry Coupled Cluster Calculations
Creators: name: Schurkus, Henry F.
name: Chen, Dian-Teng
name: Cheng, Hai-Ping
name: Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic
name: Stanton, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exchange coupling constants ($J$) are fundamental to the understanding of spin spectra of magnetic systems. Here we investigate the broken-symmetry (BS) approaches of Noodleman and Yamaguchi in conjunction with coupled cluster (CC) methods to obtain exchange couplings. $J$ values calculated from CC in this fashion converge smoothly towards the FCI result with increasing level of CC excitation. We compare this BS-CC scheme to the complementary EOM-CC approach on a selection of bridged molecular cases and give results from a few other methodologies for context.
Tracing the Magnetic Field in Orion A
Creators: name: Houde, Martin
name: Dowell, C. Darren
name: Hildebrand, Roger. H.
name: Dotson, Jessie L.
name: Vaillancourt, John E.
name: Phillips, Thomas G.
name: Peng, Ruisheng
name: Bastien, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use extensive 350 um polarimetry and continuum maps obtained with Hertz and SHARC II along with HCN and HCO+ spectroscopic data to trace the orientation of the magnetic field in the Orion A star-forming region. Using the polarimetry data, we find that the direction of the projection of the magnetic field in the plane of the sky relative to the orientation of the integral-shaped filament varies considerably as one moves from north to south. While in IRAS 05327-0457 and OMC-3 MMS 1-6 the projection of the field is primarily perpendicular to the filament it becomes better aligned with it at OMC-3 MMS 8-9 and well aligned with it at OMC-2 FIR 6. The OMC-2 FIR 4 cloud, located between the last two, is a peculiar object where we find almost no polarization. The projected angle of the field is more complicated in OMC-1 where it exhibits smooth variations in its orientation across the face of this massive complex. By combining the polarimetry and spectroscopic data we were able to measure a set of average values for the inclination angle of the magnetic field relative to the line of sight. We find that the field is oriented quite close to the plane of the sky in most places. More precisely, the inclination of the magnetic field is ~73 deg. around OMC-3 MMS 6, ~74 deg. at OMC-3 MMS 8-9, ~80 deg. at OMC-2 FIR 4, ~65 deg. in the northeastern part of OMC-1, and ~49 deg. in the Bar. We also present polarimetry data for the OMC-4 region located some 13 arcminutes south of OMC-1.
description: Accepted for publication in the ApJ, 49 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables
Item 3: ‘It’s cowboy country up there’: Ruination and Ruinenlust in the wilds of Broughton
Creators: name: Scott, Joanne Emma
Publisher: name: University of Salford
Year: 2020
Subjects: classificationCode: 360503
subject: Digital and electronic media art

description: This article articulates and reflects on dual practices that arise from concurrently responding to my home locality through creative research and resident action. It considers these parallel practices through the dual notions of wildness and ruins/ruination. The critical writing is punctuated with artefacts of both practices, generating a mode of intermedial writing that, through placing these elements and critical reflection in direct conversation, allows feeling-thoughts to emerge about the process of researching a locality in which you are embedded, as well as the wild and ruined features of contemporary urban landscapes.
Is There a “Cage-Free” Lunch in U.S. Egg Production? Public Views of Laying-Hen Housing Attributes
Creators: name: Ochs, Daniel
name: Wolf, Christopher A.
name: Widmar, Nicole J.
name: Bir, Courtney
name: Ochs, Daniel
name: Wolf, Christopher A.
name: Widmar, Nicole J.
name: Bir, Courtney
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: animal welfare index
subject: best–worst scaling
subject: egg industry
subject: hen welfare
subject: preference elicitation

description: Animal welfare–related production attributes are increasingly considered by U.S. consumers making food purchasing decisions and U.S. voters at the ballot box. This research considers U.S. consumer preferences for egg production attributes. The results reveal preferences for less hen stress, more natural hen behavior, and improved worker health and welfare. We propose an index combining animal welfare scores and consumer preference shares for determining preferred combinations of egg production attributes. When weighting hen housing systems by consumer preference for animal and worker welfare attributes, the preferred system is enriched colony housing, which differs from recent retailer commitments to cage-free aviaries.
WISE/NEOWISE Multi-Epoch Imaging of the Potentially Geminid-related Asteroids: (3200) Phaethon, 2005 UD and 1999 YC
Creators: name: Kasuga, Toshihiro
name: Masiero, Joseph R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present space-based thermal infrared observations of the presumably Geminid-associated asteroids: (3200)Phaethon, 2005 UD and 1999 YC using WISE/NEOWISE. The images were taken at the four wavelength bands 3.4$μ$m(W1),4.6$μ$m(W2),12$μ$m(W3),and 22$μ$m(W4). We find no evidence of lasting mass-loss in the asteroids over the decadal multi-epoch datasets. We set an upper limit to the mass-loss rate in dust of Q<2kg s$^{-1}$ for Phaethon and <0.1kg s$^{-1}$ for both 2005 UD and 1999 YC, respectively, with little dependency over the observed heliocentric distances of R=1.0$-$2.3au. For Phaethon, even if the maximum mass-loss was sustained over the 1000(s)yr dynamical age of the Geminid stream, it is more than two orders of magnitude too small to supply the reported stream mass (1e13$-$14kg). The Phaethon-associated dust trail (Geminid stream) is not detected at R=2.3au, corresponding an upper limit on the optical depth of $τ$<7e-9. Additionally, no co-moving asteroids with radii r<650m were found. The DESTINY+ dust analyzer would be capable of detecting several of the 10$μ$m-sized interplanetary dust particles when at far distances(>50,000km) from Phaethon. From 2005 UD, if the mass-loss rate lasted over the 10,000yr dynamical age of the Daytime Sextantid meteoroid stream, the mass of the stream would be ~1e10kg. The 1999 YC images showed neither the related dust trail ($τ$<2e-8) nor co-moving objects with radii r<170m at R=1.6au. Estimated physical parameters from these limits do not explain the production mechanism of the Geminid meteoroid stream. Lastly, to explore the origin of the Geminids, we discuss the implications for our data in relation to the possibly sodium (Na)-driven perihelion activity of Phaethon.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal, 8 tables, 7 figures
Tropidozineus inexpectatus
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Tropidozineus
Tropidozineus inexpectatus

description: 8. Tropidozineus inexpectatus (Melzer, 1934)
Type locality — Brazil, Minas Gerais: Mar de Espanha. (MZSP). Distribution — Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro).
 Ozineus inexpectatus Melzer, 1934b: 234, pl. 18, fig. 33; Zikán & Wygodzinsky, 1948: 62 (type); Zajciw, 1972a: 64 (distr.).
 Tropidozineus inexpectatus; Monné & Martins, 1976: 71.
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Analyse d’un parcours d’accompagnement d’une équipe-école souhaitant intégrer le modèle de réponse à l’intervention (RAI) en lecture par l’entremise d’une communauté d’apprentissage professionnelle (CAP). Revue internationale de communication et de socialisation, 3(1), 44-63
Creators: name: Philion, Ruth
name: Bourassa, Michelle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Education

description: Cet article s’appuie sur les résultats d’une recherche-action menée avec des enseignantes, œuvrant dans deux écoles de milieu défavorisé, qui souhaitent parfaire leurs compétences en enseignement de la lecture, de manière à offrir à leurs élèves un accompagnement plus adapté à leurs besoins. Soutenues par les services éducatifs de leur Commission scolaire, elles s’engagent dans un projet d'implantation du modèle de réponse à l’intervention (RAI). Pour favoriser l’appropriation de ce modèle, elles participent à une communauté d’apprentissage professionnelle (CAP), une modalité reconnue pour favoriser le développement professionnel des enseignants. Le présent article met l’accent sur le parcours d’accompagnement offert à ces enseignantes pour leur permettre d’actualiser l’appropriation de ce modèle par l’entremise d’une CAP. Il en ressort, entre autres, que les enseignantes ont surtout besoin de formation et d’accompagnement en mode individuel ou en dyade. Ce n’est qu’au terme des trois années du projet de recherche, qu’elles considèrent poursuivre leur développement professionnel au sein d’une CAP.
Dispositifs de développement et de soutien à l’expertise par les pairs mis en place pour assurer le déploiement de pratiques professionnelles spécialisées. Revue internationale de communication et de socialisation, 3(1), 64-76
Creators: name: Ruel, Julie
name: Kalubi, Jean-Claude
name: Caouette, Martin
name: Girard, Karoline
name: Daudelin-Peltier, Camille
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Education

description: Au cours des dernières décennies, le réseau de la santé et de services sociaux du Québec a connu plusieurs changements importants. Ces transformations entrainent souvent un ajustement des pratiques professionnelles et le besoin de développer de nouvelles compétences. Les Centres de réadaptation en déficience intellectuelle et en troubles du spectre de l’autisme du Québec ont fait un virage vers la spécialisation de leurs services à la suite d’une transformation du réseau. Une recherche a permis de documenter les dispositifs de développement et de soutien à l’expertise « par les pairs » mis en place dans ces centres afin d’assurer le déploiement de pratiques spécialisées. Les résultats illustrent que les regroupements par les pairs se présentent sous des formes et des termes très variés. Cependant, l’analyse de ces dispositifs montre qu’ils correspondent en très grande majorité aux caractéristiques de la communauté de pratique professionnelle.
Item 5: New Processes for Digital Encounters with Wild Green Spaces - Part 2
Creators: name: Scott, Joanne Emma
Publisher: name: University of Salford
Year: 2020
Subjects: classificationCode: 360504
subject: Interactive media
classificationCode: 360503
subject: Digital and electronic media art

description: This second part of a 'digital postcard', comprised of audio and video material, evokes an emergent set of practices and training prompts that arise from my wanderings with a digital mobile device in urban ‘wildscapes’ – environments in cities where ‘natural as opposed to human agency appears to be shaping the land’ (Jorgensen 2012, p.1). In the past year, I have attempted to train myself to use my device differently, intersecting playfully with its capacities to capture, record and ‘sample’ the spaces I move through. I have challenged myself to think through and re-position the computational processes of the mobile device in relation to my encounter with the processes of nature happening in such spaces. This practice has been led by an interest in wildness as present in nature, the digital device and within me too.
How Do Mental Health Practitioners Consider and Understand Identities, Beliefs and Practices That Are Associated With Islam When Encountered in Clinical Practice
Creators: name: Al-Alaway, Sara
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Islam
subject: Muslims
subject: Mental Health
subject: UK
subject: Islamophobia
subject: Orientalism
subject: Professional Judgements
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Psychiatry
subject: Mental Health Nurses

description: Islam is a growing religion in the UK, however it is also highly politicised and marginalised, as highlighted by the increasing Islamophobia in social and political discourses seen in the West. Discrimination and social inequalities affect Muslim groups in the UK, both of which are shown to have a negative impact on mental health and wellbeing. However, access to inclusive, culturally and religiously sensitive mental health care appears to limit Muslim populations from receiving appropriate mental health support. Some research has importantly considered Muslim service users’ experiences of mental health services and found that mainstream mental health care may not respond appropriately to their religious or cultural needs. Furthermore, experiences of stereotyping and discrimination from professionals were noted. However, ideas about stigma or other ‘cultural’ barriers to accessing help appear to dominate professional ideas about low access rates. This research sought to explore the way that mental health professionals construct Islam and whether these go on to impact professionals’ judgements and clinical decisions in their contact with Muslim service users. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 mental health professionals based in the UK. These findings highlighted the way that religious and cultural unfamiliarity with Islam and the prevailing Islamophobic and Orientalist discourses available in the West may affect professionals’ perceptions about Muslim service users and lead to decisions about care which exclude or overlook their needs. The implicit prioritisation of Western mental health frameworks was also seen to lead to the discrediting or problematising of different cultural or religious understandings of distress. However, examples of practice which attempted to reduce this epistemic inequality and adapt interventions to be more in line with Muslim service users’ frameworks were highlighted as having fostered improved relationships with Muslim service users, families and communities. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Macroscopic and Microscopic Investigation on the History Dependence of the Mechanical Behaviour of Powders
Creators: name: Kadau, D.
name: Brendel, L.
name: Bartels, G.
name: Wolf, D. E.
name: Morgeneyer, M.
name: Schwedes, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an example for history dependent mechanical behaviour of cohesive powders experiments and computer simulations of uniaxial consolidation are compared. Some samples were precompacted transversally to the consolidation direction and hence had a different history. The experiments were done with two carbonyl iron powders, for which the average particle diameters differed by a factor of ca. 2. Whereas the particle diameter was the only characteristic length in the simulations, the evaluation of the experimental data indicates that at least a second characteristic length must be present.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Algorithmic Differentiation for Automated Modeling of Machine Learned Force Fields
Creators: name: Schmitz, Niklas Frederik
name: Müller, Klaus-Robert
name: Chmiela, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reconstructing force fields (FFs) from atomistic simulation data is a challenge since accurate data can be highly expensive. Here, machine learning (ML) models can help to be data economic as they can be successfully constrained using the underlying symmetry and conservation laws of physics. However, so far, every descriptor newly proposed for an ML model has required a cumbersome and mathematically tedious remodeling. We therefore propose using modern techniques from algorithmic differentiation within the ML modeling process -- effectively enabling the usage of novel descriptors or models fully automatically at an order of magnitude higher computational efficiency. This paradigmatic approach enables not only a versatile usage of novel representations and the efficient computation of larger systems -- all of high value to the FF community -- but also the simple inclusion of further physical knowledge such as higher-order information (e.g. Hessians, more complex partial differential equations constraints etc.), even beyond the presented FF domain.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Antineutrinos from Earth: A reference model and its uncertainties
Creators: name: Mantovani, Fabio
name: Carmignani, Luigi
name: Fiorentini, Gianni
name: Lissia, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict geoneutrino fluxes in a reference model based on a detailed description of Earth's crust and mantle and using the best available information on the abundances of uranium, thorium, and potassium inside Earth's layers. We estimate the uncertainties of fluxes corresponding to the uncertainties of the element abundances. In addition to distance integrated fluxes, we also provide the differential fluxes as a function of distance from several sites of experimental interest. Event yields at several locations are estimated and their dependence on the neutrino oscillation parameters is discussed. At Kamioka we predict N(U+Th)=35 +- 6 events for 10^{32} proton yr and 100% efficiency assuming sin^2(2theta)=0.863 and delta m^2 = 7.3 X 10^{-5} eV^2. The maximal prediction is 55 events, obtained in a model with fully radiogenic production of the terrestrial heat flow.
description: 24 pages, ReVTeX4, plus 7 postscript figures; minor formal changes to match version to be published in PRD
Farmers’ Choice of Credit among the Farm Credit System, Commercial Banks, and Nontraditional Lenders
Creators: name: Brewer, Brady E.
name: Bergtold, Jason S.
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Wilson, Christine A.
name: Brewer, Brady E.
name: Bergtold, Jason S.
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Wilson, Christine A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: banking

description: Understanding the factors that affect a farmer’s credit source is useful for lending institutions to more effectively target customers and provides insight into credit sources that would be affected sooner if a credit crisis would occur and the characteristics that are correlated with a customer using a particular lending institution. Results of this paper suggest that the customers of commercial banks would be the most at risk as they are the most leveraged. Results also show that as conditions deteriorate, farmers add more lending institutions and are also more likely to use a commercial bank or nontraditional lender.
title: Export and Regulatory Properties of MalE Hybrid Proteins in Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Zupanc, Marianne Michaela
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2000

description: The maltose binding protein (MalE) of Escherichia coli is a secreted 370 residue polypeptide which serves as the periplasmic receptor for high-affinity membrane transport of maltose and maltodextrins. Cells tolerate synthesis and translocation across the plasma membrane of large quantities of MalE. Similarly, the outer membrane protein Omp A is not toxic when expressed in physiological amounts. Expression of an ompA-malE hybrid gene consisting of the first 274 residues of OmpA and the last 251 residues of MalE was, however, toxic, although synthesis of the OmpA part alone was not. To examine the effect of synthesis of the MalE part of the hybrid, the malE fragment was cloned into a vector where it was preceded by the gene coding for the OmpA signal peptide and was inducible by isopropy Ithiogalactoside.
 Upon induction, a polypeptide of the expected size was made, but expression of the truncated MalE turned out to be even more toxic than that of the OmpA-MalE hybrid. The MalE fragment was exported to the periplasm and did not interfere with the export of other secreted polypeptides. A search for suppressors of this toxicity was performed. In a chromosomal gene bank of E. coli, such a suppressor was found which coded for a 102 A-terminal residue fragment of the 217 residue protein NlpE (new outer membrane lipoprotein). NlpE is known to combat the toxicity of the cytosolic ß-galactosidase (LacZ) when artificially exported to the periplasm. This suppression is achieved by activation of the Cpx two-component signal transduction pathway controlling expression of the periplasmic protease DegP. Increased synthesis of DegP caused degradation of LacZ. The same mechanism appears to operate for the degradation of the MalE fragment. In a degP background, the NlpE fragment could not suppress toxicity. Mutants (cpxA*) exist which, without any signal, produced increased levels of DegP. In a cpxA* strain, the MalE fragment was no longer toxic.
 The toxicity caused by the MalE fragment can still not entirely be explained. However, several lines of evidence, such as the expression of the periplasmic spheroplast protein Y in cells producing MalE251, suggest that the most likely explanation for the lethality is a defect in the cell wall of induced cells.
Effets d’une démarche collaborative sur le sentiment d’efficacité personnel des enseignants-ressources à l’école secondaire. Revue internationale de communication et de socialisation, 3(1), 32-43
Creators: name: Dubé, France
name: Granger, Nancy
name: Dufour, France
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Education

description: Cette recherche-action-formation visait l’accompagnement des enseignants-ressources qui interviennent auprès des élèves à risque ou en difficulté secondaire. En tout, 29 enseignants-ressources et enseignants titulaires ont participé à des rencontres collaboratives portant sur les caractéristiques et les besoins des élèves en difficulté, de même que sur les stratégies d'apprentissage efficaces en lecture et en écriture dans les différentes disciplines. Un questionnaire a été administré afin d’évaluer le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle des enseignants et des entrevues semi-dirigées ont aussi été conduites afin de mieux cerner la perception de leur rôle et leur sentiment d’efficacité à intervenir auprès des élèves et à accompagner les enseignants titulaires. Les facilitateurs et les obstacles seront exposés et les pistes de solutions seront proposées pour améliorer ce type de collaboration.
Dissipative conductivity of a dirty superconductor with Dynes subgap states under a dc bias current up to the depairing current density
Creators: name: Kubo, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dissipative conductivity $σ_1$ of a dirty superconductor with a finite Dynes parameter $Γ$ under a dc-biased weak time-dependent field. The Usadel equation for the current-carrying state is solved to calculate the pair potential, penetration depth, supercurrent density, and quasiparticle spectrum. It is shown that, while the depairing current density $j_d$ for $Γ=0$ is coincident with the Kupriyanov-Lukichev theory, a finite $Γ$ decreases the superfluid density, resulting in a reduction of $j_d$. The broadening of the peaks of the quasiparticle density of states induced by a combination of a finite $Γ$ and a dc bias can reduce $σ_1$ below that for the ideal dirty BCS superconductor with $Γ=0$, while subgap states at Fermi level proportional to $Γ$ results in a residual conductivity at $T\to 0$. We find the optimum combination of $Γ$ and the dc bias to minimize $σ_1$ by scanning all $Γ$ and all currents up to $j_d$. By using the results, it is possible to improve $j_d$ and reduce electromagnetic dissipation in various superconducting quantum devices.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Tropidozineus pauper
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Tropidozineus
Tropidozineus pauper

description: 9. Tropidozineus pauper (Melzer, 1931)
Type locality — Brazil, São Paulo: São Paulo (Santo Amaro). (MZSP). Distribution — Brazil (São Paulo to Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay.
 Ozineus pauper Melzer, 1931a: 69, pl. 14, fig. 22; Zikán & Wygodzinsky, 1948: 62 (type); Viana, 1972: 381 (distr.).
 Tropidozineus pauper; Monné & Martins, 1976: 69.
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Reduction of Tc due to Impurities in Cuprate Superconductors
Creators: name: Kudo, Kiwamu
name: Yamada, Kosaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to explain how impurities affect the unconventional superconductivity, we study non-magnetic impurity effect on the transition temperature using on-site U Hubbard model within a fluctuation exchange (FLEX) approximation. We find that in appearance, the reduction of Tc roughly coincides with the well-known Abrikosov-Gor'kov formula. This coincidence results from the cancellation between two effects; one is the reduction of attractive force due to randomness, and another is the reduction of the damping rate of quasi-particle arising from electron interaction. As another problem, we also study impurity effect on underdoped cuprate as the system showing pseudogap phenomena. To the aim, we adopt the pairing scenario for the pseudogap and discuss how pseudogap phenomena affect the reduction of Tc by impurities. We find that 'pseudogap breaking' by impurities plays the essential role in underdoped cuprate and suppresses the Tc reduction due to the superconducting (SC) fluctuation.
description: 14 pages, 28 figures To be published in JPSJ
Quantifying the Topology of Magnetic Skyrmions in three Dimensions
Creators: name: Raftrey, David
name: Finizio, Simone
name: Chopdekar, Rajesh V.
name: Dhuey, Scott
name: Bayaraa, Temuujin
name: Ashby, Paul
name: Raabe, Jörg
name: Santos, Tiffany
name: Griffin, Sinéad
name: Fischer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic skyrmions have so far been treated as two-dimensional spin structures characterized by a topological winding number describing the rotation of spins across the skyrmion. However, in real systems with a finite thickness of the material being larger than the magnetic exchange length, the skyrmion spin texture extends into the third dimension and cannot be assumed as homogeneous. Using soft x-ray laminography we reconstruct with about 20nm spatial (voxel) resolution the full three-dimensional spin texture of a skyrmion in an 800 nm diameter and 95 nm thin disk patterned into a trilayer [Ir/Co/Pt] thin film structure. A quantitative analysis finds that the evolution of the radial profile of the topological skyrmion number and the chirality is non-uniform across the thickness of the disk. Estimates of local micromagnetic energy densities suggest that the changes in topological profile are related to non-uniform competing energetic interactions. Theoretical calculations and micromagnetic simulations are consistent with the experimental findings. Our results provide the foundation for nanoscale magnetic metrology for future tailored spintronics devices using topology as a design parameter, and have the potential to reverse-engineer a spin Hamiltonian from macroscopic data, tying theory more closely to experiment.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Universal early-time response in high-contrast electromagnetic scattering
Creators: name: Weichman, Peter B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time-domain response of highly conducting targets following a rapidly terminated electromagnetic pulse displays three distinct regimes: early, intermediate and late time. The intermediate and late times are characterized by a superposition of exponentially decaying eigenmodes. At early time an ever increasing number of rapidly decaying modes contribute, with the result that the scattered electric field displays a universal $t^{-1/2}$ power law which emerges from the diffusive decay of a pattern of surface currents induced by the pulse. The power law amplitude reflects the surface geometry of the target, a property that may prove useful in buried target classification in geophysical remote sensing applications.
description: 4 pages, no figures
Boundary and impurity effects on entanglement of Heisenberg chains
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaoguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study entanglement of a pair of qubits and the bipartite entanglement between the pair and the rest within open-ended Heisenberg $XXX$ and XY models. The open boundary condition leads to strong oscillations of entanglements with a two-site period, and the two kinds of entanglements are 180 degree out of phase with each other. The mean pairwise entanglement and ground-state energy per site in the $XXX$ model are found to be proportional to each other. We study the effects of a single bulk impurity on entanglement, and find that there exists threshold values of the relative coupling strength between the impurity and its nearest neighbours, after which the impurity becomes pairwise entangled with its nearest neighbours.
description: 6 pages and 6 figures
Finding of a population of active galactic nuclei showing a significant luminosity decline in the past $\sim 10^{3-4}$ yrs
Creators: name: Pflugradt, J.
name: Ichikawa, K.
name: Akiyama, M.
name: Kokubo, M.
name: Vijarnwannaluk, B.
name: Noda, H.
name: Chen, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations have revealed an interesting active galactic nuclei (AGN) subclass that shows strong activity at large scales ($\sim1$ kpc) but weaker at small scales ($<10$ pc), suggesting a strong change in the mass accretion rate of the central engine in the past $10^{3-4}$ yr. We systematically search for such declining or fading AGN by cross-matching the SDSS type-1 AGN catalog at $z<0.4$, covering the [OIII]$\lambda5007$ emission line which is a tracer for the narrow-line region (NLR) emission, with the WISE mid-infrared (MIR) catalog covering the emissions from the dusty tori. Out of the 7,653 sources, we found 57 AGN whose bolometric luminosities estimated from the MIR band are at least one order of magnitude fainter than those estimated from the [OIII]$\lambda5007$ emission line. This luminosity declining AGN candidate population shows four important properties: 1) the past AGN activity estimated from the [OIII]$\lambda5007$ line reaches around the Eddington-limit, 2) more than 30% of the luminosity declining AGN candidates show a large absolute variability of $ΔW1 > 0.45$ mag in the previous $\sim10$ yr at the WISE 3.4 $μ$m band, 3) the median ratio of $\log$([NII]$\lambda6584/ \mathrm{H}α\lambda6563)=-0.52$, suggesting a lower gas metallicity and/or higher ionization parameter compared to other AGN populations. 4) the second epoch spectra of the population indicate a spectral type change for 15% of the sources. This population provides insights on the possible connection between the luminosity decline which started $\sim10^{3-4}$ yr ago and the decline in the recent $10$ yr.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables (1 MRT), accepted for publication in ApJ
The PointGroupNRG code for numerical renormalization group calculations with discrete point-group symmetries
Creators: name: Calvo-Fernández, Aitor
name: Blanco-Rey, María
name: Eiguren, Asier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The numerical renormalization group (NRG) has been widely used as a magnetic impurity solver since the pioneering works by Wilson. Over the past decades, a significant attention has been focused on the application of symmetries in order to reduce the computational cost of the calculations and to improve their accuracy. In particular, a notable progress has been made in implementing continuous symmetries such as $SO(3)$, useful for studying impurities in an isotropic medium, or $SU(N)$, which is applicable to a wide range of systems. In this work, we focus on the application of discrete point group symmetries, which are particularly relevant for impurity systems in metals where crystal field effects are important. With this aim, we have developed an original NRG code written in the Julia language, PointGroupNRG, where we have implemented crystal point-group symmetries for the Anderson impurity model, as well as the continuous spin and charge symmetries. Among other results, we demonstrate the advantage of our procedure by applying the code to a two-impurity model with RKKY interaction and an impurity system with two orbitals of $E_g$ symmetry and two channels. We also provide benchmarks to show the performance improvements obtained by exploiting the orbital symmetries.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures