cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An explanatory model for food-web structure and evolution
Creators: name: Rossberg, A. G.
name: Matsuda, H.
name: Amemiya, T.
name: Itoh, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Food webs are networks describing who is eating whom in an ecological community. By now it is clear that many aspects of food-web structure are reproducible across diverse habitats, yet little is known about the driving force behind this structure. Evolutionary and population dynamical mechanisms have been considered. We propose a model for the evolutionary dynamics of food-web topology and show that it accurately reproduces observed food-web characteristic in the steady state. It is based on the observation that most consumers are larger than their resource species and the hypothesis that speciation and extinction rates decrease with increasing body mass. Results give strong support to the evolutionary hypothesis.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
title: Το διαδίκτυο των πραγμάτων (IOT) στα συστήματα βιομηχανικού αυτοματισμού
title: IOT in industrial automation systems
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ρουμελιώτης, Παναγιώτης
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Διαδίκτυο πραγμάτων
Βιομηχανικός αυτοματισμός
Έξυπνοι αισθητήρες
Εκπομπές διοξειδίου του άνθρακα
Βιομηχανικό διαδίκτυο πραγμάτων
Internet of things

description: Το Διαδίκτυο των Πραγμάτων (αγγλ.: IoT / Internet of Things) έχει φέρει μια νέα επανάσταση στις βιομηχανίες. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, έχει δημιουργήσει τον όρο «Βιομηχανία 4.0», όπου τα συστήματα συνδέονται μεταξύ τους μέσω του διαδικτύου και μπορούν να επικοινωνούν μεταξύ τους για να λάβουν τις απαραίτητες αποφάσεις (ονομάζεται επίσης επικοινωνία M2M – Machine to Machine) μέσω της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης (Niranjan, Madhukar, Ashwini, Muddsar, & Saish, 2017). Το IoT ενεργοποιείται από τις τελευταίες εξελίξεις στην ταυτοποίηση μέσω ραδιοσυχνοτήτων (αγγλ.: RFID / Radio Frequency Identification), στους έξυπνους αισθητήρες, στις τεχνολογίες επικοινωνίας και στα πρωτόκολλα διαδικτύου. Η βασική προϋπόθεση είναι η ύπαρξη έξυπνων αισθητήρων που συνεργάζονται απευθείας χωρίς ανθρώπινη συμμετοχή για την παροχή μιας νέας κατηγορίας εφαρμογών. Η τρέχουσα επανάσταση στις τεχνολογίες διαδικτύου, κινητής τηλεφωνίας και μηχανής με μηχανή μπορεί να θεωρηθεί ως η πρώτη φάση του IoT. Τα επόμενα χρόνια, το IoT αναμένεται να γεφυρώσει διάφορες τεχνολογίες για να επιτρέψει νέες εφαρμογές συνδέοντας φυσικά αντικείμενα μεταξύ τους για την υποστήριξη της έξυπνης λήψης αποφάσεων (Yadav & Sharma, 2017). Η παρούσα εργασία ασχολείται με το ζήτημα της εφαρμογής του IoT στον κλάδο της αυτοματοποίησης, παρουσιάζοντας τα κίνητρα πίσω από την επιλογή της αξιοποίησής του, τα πλεονεκτήματα που προσφέρει και τα πιθανά ρίσκα που μπορεί να ενέχει η χρήση του, χρησιμοποιώντας παράλληλα ένα παράδειγμα (μέσω της μεθόδου της μελέτης περίπτωσης) μιας συγκεκριμένης εφαρμογής του στο κομμάτι της αυτοματοποίησης των διεργασιών εντός μίας επιχείρησης. Στο τελικό κομμάτι του πονήματος, καταγράφονται τα συμπεράσματα τα οποία προέκυψαν από τη μελέτη.
Bottom-up design of spin-split and reshaped electronic band structures in spin-orbit-coupling free antiferromagnets: Procedure on the basis of augmented multipoles
Creators: name: Hayami, Satoru
name: Yanagi, Yuki
name: Kusunose, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an efficient microscopic design procedure of electronic band structures having intrinsic spin and momentum dependences in spin-orbit-coupling free antiferromagnets. Our bottom-up design approach to creating desired spin-split and reshaped band structures could result in further findings of practical spin-orbit-coupling free materials exhibiting a giant spin-dependent and/or nonreciprocal transport, magneto-electric and elastic responses as a consequence of such band structures. We establish a systematic guideline to construct symmetric/antisymmetric spin-split and antisymmetrically deformed spin-independent band structures in spin-orbit-coupling free systems by using two polar multipole degrees of freedom, electric and magnetic toroidal multipoles. The two polar multipoles describe arbitrary degrees of freedom in the hopping Hamiltonian, whose onsite and offsite degrees of freedom in a cluster are described as the cluster and bond multipoles, respectively, and another degree of freedom connecting between clusters is expressed as momentum multipoles. By using these multipole descriptions, we elucidate simple microscopic conditions to realize intrinsic band deformations in magnetically ordered states: The symmetric spin splitting is realized in collinear magnets when cluster and bond multipoles contain the same symmetry of multipoles. The antisymmetric spin splitting occurs in noncollinear antiferromagnets when a bond-type magnetic toroidal multipole is present. Furthermore, the antisymmetric band deformation with spin degeneracy is realized in noncoplanar antiferromagnets. We exemplify three lattice systems in order to demonstrate the band deformations under the magnetic ordering. On the basis of the proposed procedure, we list up various candidate materials showing intrinsic band deformations in accordance with MAGNDATA, magnetic structures database.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures, 19 tables
Powiązania cen zbytu ziarna z kosztami ochrony zbóż w Polsce uwzględniające wymagania fitosanitarne Unii Europejskiej
Creators: name: Jaczewska-Kalicka, Anna
name: Krasiński, Tomasz
name: Jaczewska-Kalicka, Anna
name: Krasiński, Tomasz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Production Economics
subject: cereals
subject: plant protection
subject: price of grain
subject: profitability
subject: / zboża
subject: koszty ochrony roślin
subject: ceny ziarna
subject: opłacalność

description: An increasing importance of grain quality in the world cereal markets, especially in the European Union, is observed. An appropriate application of pesticides enables to obtain a high yield of good quality. The aim of the study was an estimation of plant protection costs and of the profitability of pests control. A field experiment was conducted in central part of Poland in 2004- 2009. The costs of plant protection in this period were stable. A close relation of costs and yields was stated. However, the costs of plant protection did not influence the grain prices. This resulted in unstable profits for producers. / Synopsis. Na światowych rynkach zbóż, w tym szczególnie w Unii Europejskiej, coraz większe znaczenie ma jakość ziarna oferowanego do sprzedaży. Wysoki plon dobrej jakości, można uzyskać poprzez umiejętne stosowanie środków ochrony roślin. Celem pracy było określenie wysokości kosztów ochrony i opłacalności zwalczania organizmów szkodliwych. Ścisłe doświadczenia poletkowe prowadzono na pszenicy ozimej uprawianej w centralnej Polsce w latach 2004-2009. W badanym okresie najbardziej stabilne były koszty ochrony. Bardzo zróżnicowany był plon ziarna, zależny często od warunków pogodowych. Stwierdzono, że koszty miały wpływ na wielkość plonu, natomiast nie miały większego wpływu na wysokość cen ziarna zbóż. Powodowało to niestabilność zysków dla producentów.
Vertex and edge expansion properties for rapid mixing
Creators: name: Montenegro, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J10

description: We show a strict hierarchy among various edge and vertex expansion properties of Markov chains. This gives easy proofs of a range of bounds, both classical and new, on chi-square distance, spectral gap and mixing time. The 2-gradient is then used to give an isoperimetric proof that a random walk on the grid [k]^n mixes in time O*(k^2 n).
Znaczenie usług w rolnictwie polskim i niemieckim
Creators: name: Kołodziejczak, Małgorzata
name: Kołodziejczak, Małgorzata
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agriculture
subject: intermediate consumption
subject: agricultural services
subject: veterinary expenses
subject: financial intermediation services
subject: services absorbency
subject: / rolnictwo
subject: zużycie pośrednie
subject: usługi rolnicze
subject: usługi weterynaryjne
subject: usługi pośrednictwa finansowego
subject: usługochłonność

description: The aim of the paper was to assess the role of services in Polish and German agriculture in comparison with that in the other EU countries. The analysis was based on the Economic Accounts for Agriculture. The research covered agricultural services, veterinary expenses and financial intermediation services. Their share in intermediate consumption, value of the studied services per one hectare of agricultural land, as well as services absorbency of agricultural production in 1999-2009 were evaluated. It was proved that significant difference between the role of these services in Poland and Germany existed. / Synopsis. W artykule podjęto próbę przedstawienia znaczenia usług w rolnictwie polskim i niemieckim na tle rolnictwa w UE-27. Badanie przeprowadzono w oparciu o Rachunki Ekonomiczne dla Rolnictwa. Analizą objęto usługi rolnicze, weterynaryjne oraz pośrednictwa finansowego. Zidentyfikowano ich udział w zużyciu pośrednim, a także wartość poszczególnych grup usług w przeliczeniu na 1 ha UR oraz usługochłonność produkcji rolniczej w latach 1999-2009. Wykazano, że występuje zauważalna różnica pomiędzy znaczeniem tych usług w Polsce i w Niemczech.
Low-Temperature Permittivity of Insulating Perovskite Manganites
Creators: name: Cohn, J. L.
name: Peterca, M.
name: Neumeier, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the low-frequency (f<=100 kHz) permittivity and conductivity at T<= 150 K are reported for La(1-x)Ca(x)MnO(3) (0<=x<=1) and Ca(1-y)Sr(y)MnO(3) (0<=y<=0.75) having antiferromagnetic, insulating ground states covering a broad range of Mn valencies from Mn(3+) to Mn(4+). Static dielectric constants are determined from the low-T limiting behavior. With increasing T, relaxation peaks associated with charge-carrier hopping are observed in the real part of the permittivities and analyzed to determine dopant binding energies. The data are consistent with a simple model of hydrogenic impurity levels and imply effective masses m*/m_e~3 for the Mn(4+) compounds. Particularly interesting is a large dielectric constant (~100) associated with the C-type antiferromagnetic state near the composition La(0.2)Ca(0.8)MnO(3).
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, PRB in press
Reframing regulatory science : Trans-Atlantic conflicts over GM crops
Creators: name: Levidow, Les
name: Murphy, Joseph
name: Levidow, Les
name: Murphy, Joseph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: regulatory science
subject: GM crops
subject: evaluation
subject: environmental risks

description: Regulatory science has been reframed for evaluating environmental risks of GM crops in both the USA and Europe. Social conflict has contributed to disputes over scientific evidence and thus increased scientific uncertainty. Environmentalist criticisms have influenced mainstream debates about how to define harm, how to evaluate GM crops vis-à-vis alternatives, and how to design risk research. Regulatory criteria have been reconstructed through socio-cultural values, public protest and institutional responses. Regulatory changes can be understood as four related processes. New scientific uncertainties have arisen from public-scientific debate. Extra-scientific judgements have been acknowledged within regulatory issues and expert advice, rather than remain hidden behind ‘science’. Criteria for evidence of safety have become more stringent, specifically regarding environmental norms and causal pathways of potential harm. Trans-Atlantic trade conflicts have been a source of political opportunities and scientific resources for those regulatory changes, especially in the US.
title: Random finite sets: theory and an image processing application
Creators: name: Repp, Rene
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: random finite sets
subject: image processing
subject: PHD
subject: probability hypothesis density
subject: multi-object state estimation
subject: measure theory
subject: finite set statistics
subject: FISST
subject: multi-object detection
subject: localization

description: Starting in the early 2000s, there has been a steadily growing interest in random finite sets in the research community worldwide. Since then, the theory of random finite sets has been successfully used in a wide variety of scientific fields on applications such as radar and sonar systems, air traffic control and navigation, telecommunications, medicine, audio and image processing, visual tracking in videos, robotics, agriculture, and forestry. The first main contribution of this thesis is to provide a systematic, detailed, and rigorous introduction to the theory of random finite sets that can serve as an entry point for readers with no prior exposure to this field. In the second main contribution, we apply the theory of random finite sets to the problem of estimating the states of an unknown and random number of objects based on image observations. We investigate a scenario where two independent sensors record partly overlapping images of a bigger scene and derive an estimator based on the posterior probability hypothesis density. We show how the estimation performance can be improved by exchanging information between the sensors over the case where each sensor calculates the estimates separately. Furthermore, we propose a novel algorithm to solve this estimation problem and demonstrate the algorithm-s performance in simulated scenarios.
Additional file 6 of Brain natriuretic peptide to predict successful liberation from mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Deschamps, Jean
name: Andersen, Sarah K.
name: Webber, Jordan
name: Featherstone, Robin
name: Sebastianski, Meghan
name: Vandermeer, Ben
name: Senaratne, Janek
name: Bagshaw, Sean M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Moses-Littenberg analysis of either ΔBNP or ΔBNP% methods of measurements in studies that excluded SBT failure (group 2) from liberation failure analysis.
Investigating the effect of computer-assisted science instruction on Korean middle school boys’ and girls’ achievement, attitudes and career aspirations
Creators: name: Park, Hyeran
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study explores the effectiveness of Computer-Assisted Instructions (CAI) in science classrooms in terms of CAI and students' achievement, achievement and Attitudes toward Science (AtoS), AtoS changes and future Career Aspirations (CA), and gender differences on these three constructs with 110 boy and 124 girl Korean middle school students. This study includes the perspectives of educational equity theorist (actualist) and information and knowledge based society: the investigation of the potential of CAI as a compensatory curriculum for low achieving students from socially disadvantageous families and enhancement of young students' computer literacy through curriculum. Based on previous year Grade Point of Average (GPA), participants were categorized into five different achievement groups. The data of pre-test achievement scores were the previous year GPA, and post-test achievement was conducted the same style with pre-tests at the end of this study. The data of AtoS, CA and gender were collected by pre- and post-questionnaires and were quantitatively analyzed with Windows Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 11.5. The research findings are: (1) achievement, AtoS, and CA were improved significantly (p<.05) after utilizing CAI, (2) the lowest achievement group in the pre-test showed the most significant improvement in a post-test (p=.000), (3) the improvement of student achievement significantly influenced AtoS (p=.019) and CA related to science areas (p=.000), and (4) gender differences were statistically significant in favor of boys on three variables (p<.05). This research provides the evidence that CAI has the potential to help low achievement . students as a compensatory tool in science classes, and help young students enhance ICT literacy.
Some Useful Integral Representations for Information-Theoretic Analyses
Creators: name: Merhav, Neri
name: Sason, Igal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This work is an extension of our earlier article, where a well-known integral representation of the logarithmic function was explored, and was accompanied with demonstrations of its usefulness in obtaining compact, easily-calculable, exact formulas for quantities that involve expectations of the logarithm of a positive random variable. Here, in the same spirit, we derive an exact integral representation (in one or two dimensions) of the moment of a nonnegative random variable, or the sum of such independent random variables, where the moment order is a general positive noninteger real (also known as fractional moments). The proposed formula is applied to a variety of examples with an information-theoretic motivation, and it is shown how it facilitates their numerical evaluations. In particular, when applied to the calculation of a moment of the sum of a large number, $n$, of nonnegative random variables, it is clear that integration over one or two dimensions, as suggested by our proposed integral representation, is significantly easier than the alternative of integrating over $n$ dimensions, as needed in the direct calculation of the desired moment.
description: Published in Entropy, vol. 22, no. 6, paper 707, pages 1-29, June 2020. Available at: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/6/707
Excited states nonlinear integral equations for an integrable anisotropic spin 1 chain
Creators: name: Suzuki, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a set of nonlinear integral equations to describe on the excited states of an integrable the spin 1 chain with anisotropy. The scaling dimensions, evaluated numerically in previous studies, are recovered analytically by using the equations. This result may be relevant to the study on the supersymmetric sine-Gordon model.
description: 15 pages, 2 Figures, typos corrected
OGM et relations commerciales transatlantiques
Creators: name: Cadot, Olivier
name: Suwa-Eisenmann, Akiko
name: Traça, Daniel
name: Cadot, Olivier
name: Suwa-Eisenmann, Akiko
name: Traça, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: biotechnology
subject: protectionism
subject: market access
subject: norms

description: This paper examines some of the trade-related aspects of the transatlantic conflict over agricultural biotechnology regulation. We first review the notion of “regulatory protectionism” and the difficulties arising in its definition. We also discuss its economic rationale in the light of the strategic trade policy literature. Next, we turn to an empirical assessment of the trade effects of EU biotechnology regulations, verifying the evidence in support of US claims that those regulations have hurt US agricultural exports. Preliminary econometric results at a disaggregated level seem to indicate that there was no shock on US exports of corn seeds for planting in the years 1997-2000. Evidence for soybeans points to a price effect. The paper then turns to a comparison of GMO regulation in the US and EU, assessing the importance of trade vs non-trade issues.
TeaMPI -- Replication-based Resilience without the (Performance) Pain
Creators: name: Samfass, Philipp
name: Weinzierl, Tobias
name: Hazelwood, Benjamin
name: Bader, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In an era where we can not afford to checkpoint frequently, replication is a generic way forward to construct numerical simulations that can continue to run even if hardware parts fail. Yet, replication often is not employed on larger scales, as naïvely mirroring a computation once effectively halves the machine size, and as keeping replicated simulations consistent with each other is not trivial. We demonstrate for the ExaHyPE engine -- a task-based solver for hyperbolic equation systems -- that it is possible to realise resiliency without major code changes on the user side, while we introduce a novel algorithmic idea where replication reduces the time-to-solution. The redundant CPU cycles are not burned "for nothing". Our work employs a weakly consistent data model where replicas run independently yet inform each other through heartbeat messages whether they are still up and running. Our key performance idea is to let the tasks of the replicated simulations share some of their outcomes, while we shuffle the actual task execution order per replica. This way, replicated ranks can skip some local computations and automatically start to synchronise with each other. Our experiments with a production-level seismic wave-equation solver provide evidence that this novel concept has the potential to make replication affordable for large-scale simulations in high-performance computing.
Fast Transit Computation Using Tabulated Stellar Intensities
Creators: name: Short, Donald R.
name: Orosz, Jerome A.
name: Windmiller, Gur
name: Welsh, William F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Limb darkening laws are convenient parameterizations of the stellar intensity center-to-limb variation, and their use is ubiquitous in eclipse and transit modeling. But they are not "laws" in any sense -- they are simple approximations of the real intensity variations, and their limitations are becoming more and more apparent as stellar atmosphere models improve and higher precision data become available. When fitting eclipses and transit light curves, one would ideally like to use model intensities that are based on fundamental stellar parameters such as the mass, radius, and effective temperature of the star, rather than a limb darkening law representation and its coefficients. This is especially true when attempting to detect higher-order effects such as planetary oblateness, rings, satellites, or atmospheres. However, using model intensities requires numerically integrating many small-area "tiles" on the model stellar surface(s) and this has traditionally been too computationally expensive for general use. Here we present a fast technique to compute light curves and the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect that uses tabulated stellar models intensities. This is a step in the development of tools that obviate the need for limb darkening laws.
description: published 23 October 2020
Dark Matter
Creators: name: Cacciatori, Sergio Luigi
name: Gorini, Vittorio
name: Re, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we address the mystery of dark matter. We expound the various evidences, astrophysical and cosmological, leading to hypothesize the existence of an invisible form of matter, whose attempts at detecting it have so far all failed. We also discuss some alternative suggestions that replace the hypothesis of exotic matter with the assumption of modifications of the gravitational dynamics. For each of the various proposals we also discuss the strong and weak points.
description: 46 pages; reproduced with permission of Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Supplementary Table 1: Impact of excess activin A on the lipids, metabolites, and steroids of adult mousereproductive organs
Creators: name: Hutchison, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of Melbourne
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 310903
subject: Animal developmental and reproductive biology

description: Table S1: LC gradient conditions. Percentage of mobile phase A (60% acetonitrile containing 10 mM ammonium formate and 1% formic acid) and mobile phase B (10 mM ammonium formate and 1% formic acid made in 90% isopropyl alcohol and 10% acetonitrile) utilised in LC gradients.
Additional file 4 of Brain natriuretic peptide to predict successful liberation from mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Deschamps, Jean
name: Andersen, Sarah K.
name: Webber, Jordan
name: Featherstone, Robin
name: Sebastianski, Meghan
name: Vandermeer, Ben
name: Senaratne, Janek
name: Bagshaw, Sean M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Baseline patient characteristics comparison between successful and unsuccessful liberation from mechanical ventilation.
Event-Based Angular Velocity Regression with Spiking Networks
Creators: name: Gehrig, Mathias
name: Shrestha, Sumit Bam
name: Mouritzen, Daniel
name: Scaramuzza, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are bio-inspired networks that process information conveyed as temporal spikes rather than numeric values. A spiking neuron of an SNN only produces a spike whenever a significant number of spikes occur within a short period of time. Due to their spike-based computational model, SNNs can process output from event-based, asynchronous sensors without any pre-processing at extremely lower power unlike standard artificial neural networks. This is possible due to specialized neuromorphic hardware that implements the highly-parallelizable concept of SNNs in silicon. Yet, SNNs have not enjoyed the same rise of popularity as artificial neural networks. This not only stems from the fact that their input format is rather unconventional but also due to the challenges in training spiking networks. Despite their temporal nature and recent algorithmic advances, they have been mostly evaluated on classification problems. We propose, for the first time, a temporal regression problem of numerical values given events from an event camera. We specifically investigate the prediction of the 3-DOF angular velocity of a rotating event camera with an SNN. The difficulty of this problem arises from the prediction of angular velocities continuously in time directly from irregular, asynchronous event-based input. Directly utilising the output of event cameras without any pre-processing ensures that we inherit all the benefits that they provide over conventional cameras. That is high-temporal resolution, high-dynamic range and no motion blur. To assess the performance of SNNs on this task, we introduce a synthetic event camera dataset generated from real-world panoramic images and show that we can successfully train an SNN to perform angular velocity regression.
Partial Gauge Symmetry Breaking via Bare Mass
Creators: name: Haba, Naoyuki
name: Takenaga, Kazunori
name: Yamashita, Toshifumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study gauge symmetry breaking patterns in supersymmetric gauge models defined on $M^4\times S^1$. Instead of utilizing the Scherk-Schwarz mechanism, supersymmetry is broken by bare mass terms for gaugino and squarks. Though the matter content is the same, depending on the magnitude of the bare mass, the gauge symmetry breaking patterns are different. We present two examples, in one of which the partial gauge symmetry breaking $SU(3)\to SU(2)\times U(1)$ is realized.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
title: Μεταδημοκρατία : Θεωρητικό πλαίσιο και κριτική αποτίμηση
title: Post-democracy : theoretical framework and critical assessment
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ποριάζη, Βασιλική
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πελοποννήσου
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Δημοκρατία
subject: Πολιτική συμμετοχή
subject: Μεταδημοκρατία
subject: Δημοκρατία
subject: Θεσμοί
subject: Παρακμή

description: Η μεταδημοκρατία ως όρος φέρει τη σφραγίδα του βρετανού επιστήμονα Colin Crouch, ο οποίος με το ομώνυμο βιβλίο του το 2004 έθεσε το πλαίσιο ανάπτυξης και εδραίωσης του φαινομένου αυτού. Περιγράφει την κατάσταση του τρέχοντος και του μελλοντικού πολιτικοκοινωνικού συστήματος των δυτικών κυρίως χωρών, το οποίο αν και καλείται δημοκρατία, ουσιαστικά συνιστά μια επίφασή της, μια παρακμιακή κατάσταση, η οποία κάνει την εμφάνισή της στο τέλος του 20ου αιώνα. Ως φαινόμενο η μεταδημοκρατία επέρχεται ως απότοκο πολλών αιτιών που σχετίζονται κατά κύριο λόγο με τις μεταβολές στη λειτουργία του πολιτικού συστήματος και των θεσμών. Κρίσιμες είναι οι συνέπειές της τόσο στην πολιτική ζωή, όσο και στον τρόπο διαβίωσης των πολιτών σε οικονομικό και κοινωνικό επίπεδο. Η επίδραση και οι συνέπειες στους θεσμούς και στην ίδια τη δημοκρατία είναι σφοδρές και δύσκολα αναστρέφονται.
title: Implementing patterns and designs in seam lines to create aesthetic impression to tensile membrane structures
Creators: name: Fadzullah, Umarul Hakeem
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Membrane Structure
subject: Patterns
subject: Design
subject: Seam Lines
subject: tensile structure

description: The popularity of building tensile membrane structure has increased the construction field globally. The lightweight membrane material which is supported minimal structural works makes it a preferred choice in the modern age. Using tensile membrane technology, large span could be achieved by using the single layer material, odd and artistic forms are created due to the flexibility and the combination of its durability with low maintenance requirement, tensile membrane structure is becoming a firm favourite amongst end user. To produce the required final forms and shapes, the membrane has to be cut and joint or seamed. Using which ever seaming methods, a thicker, opaque floating lines in space will be visible to the user. These lines, which appears as straight lines, requires to be fabricated quickly and properly as it will have to reproduce 90% of the strength of the original material. Patterns and printings has been done on the membrane surface, as an additional to create a customised finishing to the membrane. Having an option to impose these customised finishing to the seam lines could provide more options to end users. Instead of having visible straight lines, a research on how customised artistic seams could impact the image of a membrane surface will need to be conducted.
New measures to test modified gravity cosmologies
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Jiro
name: Okumura, Teppei
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed accelerated expansion of the Universe may be explained by dark energy or the breakdown of general relativity (GR) on cosmological scales. When the latter case, a modified gravity scenario, is considered, it is often assumed that the background evolution is the same as the $Λ$CDM model but the density perturbation evolves differently. In this paper, we investigate more general classes of modified gravity, where both the background and perturbation evolutions are deviated from those in the $Λ$CDM model. We introduce two phase diagrams, $α{\rm-}fσ_8$ and $H{\rm-}fσ_8$ diagrams; $H$ is the expansion rate, $fσ_8$ is a combination of the growth rate of the Universe and the normalization of the density fluctuation which is directly constrained by redshift-space distortions, and $α$ is a parameter which characterizes the deviation of gravity from GR and can be probed by gravitational lensing. We consider several specific examples of Horndeski's theory, which is a general scalar-tensor theory, and demonstrate how deviations from the $Λ$CDM model appears in the $α{\rm-}fσ_8$ and $H{\rm-}fσ_8$ diagrams. The predicted deviations will be useful for future large-scale structure observations to exclude some of the modified gravity models.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, accepted to JCAP
Solution to the King's problem with observables being not mutually complementary
Creators: name: Horibe, Minoru
name: Hayashi, Akihisa
name: Hashimoto, Takaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the King's problem of the measurement of operators $\vec{n}_k \nobreak \cdot \nobreak \vecσ (k=1,2,3)$ instead of the three Cartesian components $σ_x$, $σ_y$ and $σ_z$ of the spin operator $\vecσ$. Here, $\vec{n}_k$ are three-dimensional real unit vectors. We show the condition over three vectors $\vec{n}_k$ to ascertain the result for measurement of any one of these operators.
description: 7 pages
On the metric representation of the vertices of a graph
Creators: name: Mora, Mercè
name: Puertas, María Luz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C12, 05C62

description: The metric representation of a vertex $u$ in a connected graph $G$ respect to an ordered vertex subset $W=\{ω_1, \dots , ω_n\}\subset V(G)$ is the vector of distances $r(u\vert W)=(d(u,ω_1), \dots , d(u,ω_n))$. A vertex subset $W$ is a resolving set of $G$ if $r(u\vert W)\neq r(v\vert W)$, for every $u,v\in V(G)$ with $u\neq v$. Thus, a resolving set with $n$ elements provides a set of metric representation vectors $S\subset \mathbb{Z}^n$ with cardinal equal to the order of the graph. In this paper, we address the reverse point of view, that is, we characterize the finite subsets $S\subset \mathbb{Z}^n$ that are realizable as the set of metric representation vectors of a graph $G$ with respect to some resolving set $W$. We also explore the role that the strong product of paths plays in this context. Moreover, in the case $n=2$, we characterize the sets $S\subset \mathbb{Z}^2$ that are uniquely realizable as the set of metric representation vectors of a graph $G$ with respect to a resolving set $W$.
Diffractive Interaction and Scaling Violation in pp->pi^0 Interaction and GeV Excess in Galactic Diffuse Gamma-Ray Spectrum of EGRET
Creators: name: Kamae, T.
name: Abe, T.
name: Koi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here a new calculation of the gamma-ray spectrum from pp->pi^0 in the Galactic ridge environment. The calculation includes the diffractive pp interaction and incorporates the Feynman scaling violation for the first time. Galactic diffuse gamma-rays come, predominantly, from pi^0->gamma gamma in the sub-GeV to multi-GeV range. Hunter et al. found, however, an excess in the GeV range ("GeV Excess") in the EGRET Galactic diffuse spectrum above the prediction based on experimental pp->pi^0 cross-sections and the Feynman scaling hypothesis. We show, in this work, that the diffractive process makes the gamma-ray spectrum harder than the incident proton spectrum by ~0.05 in power-law index, and, that the scaling violation produces 30-80% more pi^0 than the scaling model for incident proton energies above 100GeV. Combination of the two can explain about a half of the "GeV Excess" with the local cosmic proton (power-law index ~2.7). The excess can be fully explained if the proton spectral index in the Galactic ridge is a little harder (~0.2 in power-law index) than the local spectrum. Given also in the paper is that the diffractive process enhances e^+ over e^- and the scaling violation gives 50-100% higher p-bar yield than without the violation, both in the multi-GeV range.
description: 35 pages, 11 figures, to appear in Astrophysical Journal
Determinants of poor glycaemic control and proteinuria in patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective analysis of general practice records in Ireland
Creators: name: Sullivan, Maria
name: O'Connor, Raymond
name: HANNIGAN, AILISH
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background Analysis of general practice records can address the information gap on the epidemiology of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Ireland, informing practice and the development of interventions in primary care. The aim of this study was to identify patients with poor glycaemic control, risk factors for complications and evidence of end organ damage in a large multi-practice study and to profile their characteristics. Methods Patients with T2DM were identified using disease coding in Health One practice management software in 41 general practices. Patients’ demographics and clinical data were extracted. Rates of poor glycaemic control (glycated haemoglobin > 58 mmol/mol) and albumin creatinine ratio > 3 mg/mmol were calculated. A multilevel logistic regression analysis using both patient and practice variables was conducted. Results Data was collected from 3188 patients of whom 29% (95% CI 28 to 31%) had poor glycaemic control, which was associated with younger age, higher BMI and higher total cholesterol. Only 42% of patients (n = 1332) had albumin creatinine ratio measured with 42% (95% CI 40 to 45%) of these having values > 3 mg/mmol. Older age groups, men, those with hypertension, eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 and poor glycaemic control were most associated with higher values of albumin creatinine ratio. Conclusions Analysing this large multi-practice dataset gives important information on the prevalence and characteristics of diabetic patients who are most at risk of poor outcomes. It highlights that recording of some data could be improved.
Superconducting pi qubit with a ferromagnetic Josephson junction
Creators: name: Yamashita, T.
name: Tanikawa, K.
name: Takahashi, S.
name: Maekawa, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid-state qubits have the potential for the large-scale integration and for the flexibility of layout for quantum computing. However, their short decoherence time due to the coupling to the environment remains an important problem to be overcome. We propose a new superconducting qubit which incorporates a spin-electronic device: the qubit consists of a superconducting ring with a ferromagnetic pi junction which has a metallic contact and a normal Josephson junction with an insulating barrier. Thus, a quantum coherent two-level state is formed without an external magnetic field. This feature and the simple structure of the qubit make it possible to reduce its size leading to a long decoherence time.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Renormalization Group Technique Applied to the Pairing Interaction of the Quasi-One-Dimensional Superconductivity
Creators: name: Fuseya, Y.
name: Kohno, H.
name: Miyake, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mechanism of the quasi-one-dimensional (q1d) superconductivity is investigated by applying the renormalization group techniques to the pairing interaction. With the obtained renormalized pairing interaction, the transition temperature Tc and corresponding gap function are calculated by solving the linearized gap equation. For reasonable sets of parameters, Tc of p-wave triplet pairing is higher than that of d-wave singlet pairing due to the one-dimensionality of interaction. These results can qualitatively explain the superconducting properties of q1d organic conductor (TMTSF)2PF6 and the ladder compound Sr2Ca12Cu24O41.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Quantum transport through a DNA wire in a dissipative environment
Creators: name: Gutierrez, R.
name: Mandal, S.
name: Cuniberti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Electronic transport through DNA wires in the presence of a strong dissipative environment is investigated. We show that new bath-induced electronic states are formed within the bandgap. These states show up in the linear conductance spectrum as a temperature dependent background and lead to a crossover from tunneling to thermal activated behavior with increasing temperature. Depending on the strength of the electron-bath coupling, the conductance at the Fermi level can show a weak exponential or even an algebraic length dependence. Our results suggest a new environmental-induced transport mechanism. This might be relevant for the understanding of molecular conduction experiments in liquid solution, like those recently performed on poly(GC) oligomers in a water buffer (B. Xu et al., Nano Lett 4, 1105 (2004)).
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Le couplage des modèles agronomiques et économiques : intérêt pour l'analyse des politiques
Creators: name: Flichman, Guillermo
name: Jacquet, Florence
name: Flichman, Guillermo
name: Jacquet, Florence
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Integrating agronomic and economic models falls within the realm of bioeconomic models whereby biological processes under study are explicitly represented. In the case of agriculture, this approach is based, on the one hand, on an agronomic model specification of production technologies integrated to an economic model – most often of a constrained optimisation type – and on the other hand, on their impacts in terms of yields and environmental externalities. This explicit (primal) representation of technologies is well suited to study the environmental impacts of agricultural policies and represents an interesting alternative to the dual approach that is frequently used in the econometrics. It also enables ones not only to assess the effects of new agricultural policy instruments such as decoupled subsidies and agri-environmental contracts but also to take into account the non-convexities between agriculture and the environment.
Non-rational divisors over non-Gorenstein terminal singularities
Creators: name: Stepanov, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J45

description: Let $(X,o)$ be a germ of a 3-dimensional terminal singularity of index $m\geq 2$. If $(X,o)$ has type cAx/4, cD/3-3, cD/2-2, or cE/2, then assume that the standard equation of $X$ in $\mathbb{C}^4/\mathbb{Z}_m$ is non-degenerate with respect to its Newton diagram. Let $π\colon Y\to X$ be a resolution. We show that there are not more than 2 non-rational divisors $E_i$, $i=1,2$, on $Y$ such that $π(E_i)=o$ and discrepancy $a(E_i,X)\leq 1$. When such divisors exist, we describe them as exceptional divisors of certain blowups of $X$ and study their birational type.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX2e
Évaluation de la précision d’estimateurs de fonctionnelles : l’exemple de la consommation alimentaire
Creators: name: Bertail, Patrice
name: Boizot, Christine
name: Combris, Pierre
name: Bertail, Patrice
name: Boizot, Christine
name: Combris, Pierre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Hadamar differentiability
subject: bootstrap
subject: consumption survey
subject: confidence intervals

description: This paper proposes several methods for computing precise confidence intervals or evaluating the precision of some statistics related to individual food consumption, based on complex household food survey datas. We show how it is possible to obtain asymptotic confidence intervals for non-linear functionals thanks to the delta method and the notion of Hadamard differentiability. However asymptotic confidence intervals may not be very precise and to not take into account the dissymetries of the statistics or the underlying distributions. We develop two different methods based on resampling ideas to obtain precise confidence intervals. The first one is a transposition of the weighted bootstrap to survey sampling. The second uses the universal properties of subsampling and extrapolation methods to obtain rapidly accurate results. We compare and apply these methods to the construction of confidence intervals for means, fractiles, dispersion indexes of individual food consumptions (with or without null consumptions). We apply these methods to several products from the 1994 Secodip french panel.
Reexamination of optimal quantum state estimation of pure states
Creators: name: Hayashi, A.
name: Hashimoto, T.
name: Horibe, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A direct derivation is given for the optimal mean fidelity of quantum state estimation of a d-dimensional unknown pure state with its N copies given as input, which was first obtained by M. Hayashi in terms of an infinite set of covariant positive operator valued measures (POVM's) and by Bruss and Macchiavello establishing a connection to optimal quantum cloning. An explicit condition for POVM measurement operators for optimal estimators is obtained, by which we construct optimal estimators with finite POVM using exact quadratures on a hypersphere. These finite optimal estimators are not generally universal, where universality means the fidelity is independent of input states. However, any optimal estimator with finite POVM for M(>N) copies is universal if it is used for N copies as input.
description: v3(journal version): title changed, presentation improved