cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Earthshine on a Young Moon: Explaining the Lunar Farside Highlands
Creators: name: Roy, Arpita
name: Wright, Jason T.
name: Sigurdsson, Steinn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lunar farside highlands problem refers to the curious and unexplained fact that the farside lunar crust is thicker, on average, than the nearside crust. Here we recognize the crucial influence of Earthshine, and propose that it naturally explains this hemispheric dichotomy. Since the accreting Moon rapidly achieved synchronous rotation, a surface and atmospheric thermal gradient was imposed by the proximity of the hot, post-Giant-Impact Earth. This gradient guided condensation of atmospheric and accreting material, preferentially depositing crust-forming refractories on the cooler farside, resulting in a primordial bulk chemical inhomogeneity that seeded the crustal asymmetry. Our model provides a causal solution to the lunar highlands problem: the thermal gradient created by Earthshine produced the chemical gradient responsible for the crust thickness dichotomy that defines the lunar highlands.
description: 4 pages, accepted for publication in ApJL
Gradient-induced Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
Creators: name: Liang, Jinghua
name: Chshiev, Mairbek
name: Fert, Albert
name: Yang, Hongxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) that arises in the magnetic systems with broken inversion symmetry plays an essential role in topological spintronics. Here, by means of atomistic spin calculations, we study an intriguing type of DMI (g-DMI) that emerges in the films with composition gradient. We show that both the strength and chirality of g-DMI can be controlled by the composition gradient even in the disordered system. The layer-resolved analysis of g-DMI unveils its additive nature inside the bulk layers and clarifies the linear thickness dependence of g-DMI observed in experiments. Furthermore, we demonstrate the g-DMI induced chiral magnetic structures, such as spin spirals and skyrmions, and the g-DMI driven field-free spin-orbit torque (SOT) switching, both of which are crucial towards practical device application. These results elucidate the underlying mechanisms of g-DMI and open up a new way to engineer the topological magnetic textures.
description: in production in Nano Letters
title: „Always on“ – Einfluss der Fahrsituation auf die Nutzung von Smartphones und Infotainmentsystemen in Fahrzeugen
Creators: name: Franz, Benjamin
name: Zöller, Ilka
name: Schulz, Leander
name: Abendroth, Bettina
name: Bruder, Ralph
Publisher: name: GfA-Press
Year: 2023

description: Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der verkehrssituationsabhängigen Nutzung von Smartphones und Infotainmentsystemen in Fahrzeugen. Eine Online-Befragung mit 215 Probanden zeigt, dass Smartphones und Infotainmentsysteme situationsabhängig verwendet werden und situationsspezifische Gestaltungsmaßnahmen in Zukunft notwendig sind.
Master integrals for the two-loop penguin contribution in non-leptonic B-decays
Creators: name: Bell, Guido
name: Huber, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the master integrals that arise in the calculation of the leading penguin amplitudes in non-leptonic B-decays at two-loop order. The application of differential equations in a canonical basis enables us to give analytic results for all master integrals in terms of iterated integrals with rational weight functions. It is the first application of this method to the case of two different internal masses.
description: 41 pages, 3 figures. The analytic results for all master integrals are attached in electronic form to the source file of the present submission
title: Ultra-Fast Langmuir Probe Diagnostic for Magnetised Plasma
Creators: name: Hickling, Christopher
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: In order to better understand the processes behind nuclear fusion, high precision and reliable diagnostics are required. Traditionally, analogue diagnostics have been used, mostly due to cost and availability. Analogue electronics take up a large volume and often have to be completely redesigned when moving to different systems or making changes to their function. In recent decades, huge advancements in digital technology has made the use of digital systems more affordable and more robust. The Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) can provide a low-cost and modular solution to the analogue problem. This thesis will describe the designing, implementation and testing of a new diagnostic for future installation onto Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak - Upgrade (MASTU), the Ultra Fast Langmuir Probe (UFLP). The UFLP aims to solve the Langmuir equation in real time utilising only a single Langmuir probe configuration to return the electron temperature, ion saturation current and plasma floating potential. It achieves this via fast biasing and dynamic adjustment of the bias range to ensure samples are taken within the transition region. The design of such a system both in terms of FPGA design and electrical hardware will be described. To ensure properly functionality, real-world testing results in low temperature magnetron systems will be presented.
The Viability of Continuous Experimentation in Early-Stage Software Startups: A Descriptive Multiple-Case Study
Creators: name: Mäntylä, Vihtori
name: Lehtelä, Bettina
name: Fagerholm, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: Continuous experimentation (CE) has been proposed as a data-driven approach to software product development. Several challenges with this approach have been described in large organisations, but its application in smaller companies with early-stage products remains largely unexplored. Aims: The goal of this study is to understand what factors could affect the adoption of CE in early-stage software startups. Method: We present a descriptive multiple-case study of five startups in Finland which differ in their utilisation of experimentation. Results: We find that practices often mentioned as prerequisites for CE, such as iterative development and continuous integration and delivery, were used in the case companies. CE was not widely recognised or used as described in the literature. Only one company performed experiments and used experimental data systematically. Conclusions: Our study indicates that small companies may be unlikely to adopt CE unless 1) at least some company employees have prior experience with the practice, 2) the company's limited available resources are not exceeded by its adoption, and 3) the practice solves a problem currently experienced by the company, or the company perceives almost immediate benefit of adopting it. We discuss implications for advancing CE in early-stage startups and outline directions for future research on the approach.
description: 23rd International Conference on Product-Focused Software Process Improvement (PROFES 2022)
title: Grief-writing: Navigating ecological suffering through a relational pedagogy
Creators: name: Latremouille, Jodi
Publisher: name: Art/Research International
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Grief
subject: Found poetry

description: This article was originally published as: Latremouille, J. (2022). Grief-writing: Navigating ecological suffering through a relational pedagogy. Art/Research International, 7(2), 439-457. https://doi.org/10.18432/ari29669
description: It’s been a tough couple of years. Each one among us could list off the news headlines as a lengthy and overwhelming reminder. And each one among us could certainly curate a personalized list that amplifies and extends our collective sufferings. The past couple of years have left me wondering, “what could possibly be next?” I heed David Geoffrey Smith’s (2014) call to “reimagine new, wiser human possibilities” for our overlapping worlds of suffering. As an educator, mother, world-lover deeply concerned with all forms of justice, I share grief-writing: poetic stories of small-town sufferings through floods, stories of family hurts, heartaches and loss, stories of love enduring through hopelessness. I engage life writing and poetic inquiry to undertake a dialogue with my own heart-memories, my loved ones, my scholarly ancestors— towards hopeful pedagogical possibilities for healing.
Velocity offset between emission and absorption lines might be an effective indicator of dual core system
Creators: name: Zheng, Qi
name: Liu, Shuang
name: Zhang, Xueguang
name: Yuan, Qirong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a detection of significant velocity offset between emission and absorption lines for a dual core system in SDSS~J155708.82+273518.74 (= SDSS~J1557). The photometric image of SDSS~J1557 exhibits clear two cores with a projected separation of $\sim$2.2 arcseconds (4.9 kpc) determined by GALFIT. Based on the applications of the commonly accepted pPXF code with 636 theoretical SSP templates, the host galaxy contribution can be well determined. Then, the emission line features of SDSS~J1557 can be well measured after subtraction of host starlight. It is found that the velocity offset of emission lines with respect to absorption lines reaches $458 \pm 13$ km/s. According to the Baldwin-Phillips-Terlevich (BPT) diagram, SDSS J1557 is a composite galaxy. In addition, SDSS J1557 can well fit the $M_{\rm BH}-σ_{\ast}$ relation of bulges and the galaxy merger would not change this relation. Two reasonable models (say, AGN-driven outflow vs. dual core system) have been discussed to explain this velocity offset. The model of AGN-driven outflow fails to interpret the systematic redshift of emission lines and similar velocity offsets for various emission lines in SDSS~J1557. A significant velocity offset between emission and absorption lines might be an effective indicator of dual core system.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, accepted to be published in ApJ
A Statistical Modeling Approach to Computer-Aided Quantification of Dental Biofilm
Creators: name: Mansoor, Awais
name: Patsekin, Valery
name: Scherl, Dale
name: Robinson, J. Paul
name: Rajwa, Bartlomiej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Biofilm is a formation of microbial material on tooth substrata. Several methods to quantify dental biofilm coverage have recently been reported in the literature, but at best they provide a semi-automated approach to quantification with significant input from a human grader that comes with the graders bias of what are foreground, background, biofilm, and tooth. Additionally, human assessment indices limit the resolution of the quantification scale; most commercial scales use five levels of quantification for biofilm coverage (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). On the other hand, current state-of-the-art techniques in automatic plaque quantification fail to make their way into practical applications owing to their inability to incorporate human input to handle misclassifications. This paper proposes a new interactive method for biofilm quantification in Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) images of canine teeth that is independent of the perceptual bias of the grader. The method partitions a QLF image into segments of uniform texture and intensity called superpixels; every superpixel is statistically modeled as a realization of a single 2D Gaussian Markov random field (GMRF) whose parameters are estimated; the superpixel is then assigned to one of three classes (background, biofilm, tooth substratum) based on the training set of data. The quantification results show a high degree of consistency and precision. At the same time, the proposed method gives pathologists full control to post-process the automatic quantification by flipping misclassified superpixels to a different state (background, tooth, biofilm) with a single click, providing greater usability than simply marking the boundaries of biofilm and tooth as done by current state-of-the-art methods.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 2014. keywords: {Biomedical imaging;Calibration;Dentistry;Estimation;Image segmentation;Manuals;Teeth}, http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6758338&isnumber=6363502
Temnothorax goniops
Creators: name: Prebus, Matthew M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Temnothorax
Temnothorax goniops

description: goniops group overview With five species (two described as new here), the goniops group spans the low-to-mid elevations of Central America and the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico (Fig. 114). Nest collections of the members of this group have been rare and restricted to those made from orchids in quarantine at United States ports of entry. Other collections have been made from leaf litter extractions. The generalized habitus of the members of this group make them easy to confuse with others in the salvini clade. They can be separated from other species with conservative morphology such as the acuminatus group, T. acutispinosus sp. nov., and T. altinodus sp. nov. by the presence of erect setae on the dorsum of the propodeum (absent in the preceding species), from T. subditivus by the petiolar node (squamiform in T. subditivus), and from members of the pulchellus group by geography (the pulchellus group spans the islands of the Caribbean and southern Florida).
description: Published as part of Prebus, Matthew M., 2021, Taxonomic revision of the Temnothorax salvini clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a key to the clades of New World Temnothorax, pp. 1-462 in PeerJ (e 11514) (e 11514) 9 on page 174, DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11514, http://zenodo.org/record/5102026
Transient non-Hermitian skin effect
Creators: name: Gu, Zhongming
name: Gao, He
name: Xue, Haoran
name: Li, Jensen
name: Su, Zhongqing
name: Zhu, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) has opened an exciting direction for unveiling unusual physics and phenomena in non-Hermitian system. Despite notable theoretical breakthroughs, actual observation of NHSE's whole evolvement, however, relies mainly on gain medium to provide amplified mode. It typically impedes the development of simple, robust system. Here, we show that a passive system is fully capable of supporting the observation of the complete evolution picture of NHSE, without the need of any gain medium. With a simple lattice model and acoustic ring resonators, we use complex-frequency excitation to create virtual gain effect, and experimentally demonstrate that exact NHSE can persist in a totally passive system during a quasi-stationary stage. This results in the transient NHSE: passive construction of NHSE in a short time window. Despite the general energy decay, the localization character of skin modes can still be clearly witnessed and successfully exploited. Our findings unveil the importance of excitation in realizing NHSE and paves the way towards studying the peculiar features of non-Hermitian physics with diverse passive platforms.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Dass in Hannover ge[sp]rochen wurde, war früher „gan[k] und g[e​ː]be". Eine soziolinguistische Betrachtung[k] der Sprache in der ländlichen Gemeinde Isernhagen.
Creators: name: Von Pander, Sophie
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Isernhagen
subject: Linguistik
subject: Deutsch
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik

description: Der weitverbreitete sprachliche Mythos, dass in der Region Hannover das ‚reine‘ (oder ‚beste‘) Hochdeutsch gesprochen werden würde, wird im Zuge des DFG-Projekts Die Stadtsprache Hannovers erforscht. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Sprachsituation in Isernhagen, einer Gemeinde in der Region Hannover, und reiht sich damit mit in die studentischen Vergleichsstudien des Projekts ein. Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, wie sich die Sprache in Isernhagen in Bezug auf Standarddivergenz und Standardkonformität verhält, wurde mit 30 Gewährspersonen ein mehrgliedriges Sprachexperiment durchgeführt. Dieses wurde im Anschluss statistisch ausgewertet. Anhand von sechs niederdeutsch-basierten, linguistischen Variablen konnten damit Aussagen über die standard-divergente Aussprache in Hinblick auf Alter, Geschlecht, Erhebungskontext und linguistische Variable getroffen werden. Ein anschließendes sprachbiografisches Interview, welches mit jeder Gewähr-sperson durchgeführt wurde, ergänzt die Ergebnislage. Dabei zeigte sich, dass die Anwohnenden Isernhagens ein hohes Bewusstsein über die eigene Fähigkeit, Hochdeutsch zu sprechen, besitzen. Dies steht allerdings im Kontrast zur sprachlichen Realität in Isernhagen. Die Auswertung ergab, dass die Gewährspersonen aus Isernhagen die untersuchten Variablen im Durchschnitt zu 47 % standard-divergent realisieren. Dabei wurde die Hebung von langem [ɛː] zu [eː] mit 83 % am häufigsten standarddivergent realisiert. Danach folgt der Gebrauch des Frikativs [f] anstatt der Affrikate [p͜f] mit 61 % standarddivergenter Realisierung. Die Rundung von kurzem [ɪ] zu [ʏ] (48 %), der Erhalt alter Vokalkürze (36 %) und die Realisierung von [ŋ] als [ŋk] (30 %) kommen sehr variabel vor, da sie je nach soziodemografischer Variable unterschiedlich oft auftauchen. Die /g/-Spirantisierung im Aus-laut wird mit 13 % am seltensten standarddivergent realisiert. Es zeigt sich zudem, dass das Alter bei den Variablen Rundung von kurzem [ɪ] zu [ʏ], Erhalt alter Vokalkürze, Realisierung von [ŋ] als [ŋk] und /g/-Spirantisierung im Auslaut einen Einfluss auf die standarddivergente Aussprache hat. Mit Ausnahme der Rundung von kurzem [ɪ] zu [ʏ] werden diese Variablen mit abnehmendem Alter sig-nifikant häufiger standardkonform verwendet. Die Rundung zeigt einen gegenläufigen Trend: Sie wird mit abnehmendem Alter signifikant häufiger standarddivergent realisiert. Insgesamt unterscheidet sich die standarddivergente Aussprache Isernhagens zu den anderen Vergleichsstudien aus dem nordostfälischen Dialektraum nur geringfügig. Der Sprachmythos konnte somit ebenfalls für Isernhagen widerlegt werden.
title: „Große Arbeitsobjekte“ in Flugzeugbau und -wartung
Creators: name: Landau, Kurt
name: Nadeau, Sylvie
name: Salmanzadeh, Hamed
name: Abendroth, Bettina
Publisher: name: GfA-Press
Year: 2023

description: Im Flugzeugbau und auch in der Flugzeugwartung führen die durchweg großen Bauteile zu besonderen Herausforderungen bei Arbeitsbelastung, -beanspruchung und Arbeitssicherheit. Der Terminus „große Bauteile“ ist jedoch nicht hinreichend präzise definiert. Es wurde deshalb ein exploratives Expertenpanel (6 männliche und 6 weibliche Diplom-Ingenieure aus Forschung und Praxis) für insgesamt 22 vermutete Größenmerkmale anhand von 12 Bauteil-Abbildungen (7 Luftfahrtbereich, 5 verarbeitendes Gewerbe) durchgeführt. Die Belastungen durch Zwangshaltungen, insbesondere Kniehaltungen und Überkopfarbeit, extensive Armreichweiten sowie sicherheitstechnische Gestaltung wurden bezüglich des Kriteriums „große Arbeitsobjekte“ höher eingestuft als die Vergleichsarbeitsplätze aus dem verarbeitenden Gewerbe. Bei den erforderlichen Aktionskräften und den resultierenden Umweltbelastungen unterscheiden sich die beiden Stichproben jedoch nicht. Auf die der Bauteilgröße angepassten Arbeitsgestaltungsvorschläge wird eingegangen. Eine Anwendung des graphischen Beurteilungsverfahrens Design Check auf fünf Arbeitsplätze des militärischen Flugzeugbaus erhärtet die Befunde des Expertenpanels.
Charge transport in doped conjugated polymers for organic thermoelectrics
Creators: name: Scheunemann, Dorothea
name: Järsvall, Emmy
name: Liu, Jian
name: Beretta, Davide
name: Fabiano, Simone
name: Caironi, Mario
name: Kemerink, Martijn
name: Müller, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Research on conjugated polymers for thermoelectric applications has made tremendous progress in recent years, which is accompanied by surging interest in molecular doping as a means to achieve the high electrical conductivities that are required. A detailed understanding of the complex relationship between the doping process, the structural as well as energetic properties of the polymer films, and the resulting thermoelectric behavior is slowly emerging. This review summarizes recent developments and strategies that permit enhancing the electrical conductivity of p- and n-type conjugated polymers via molecular doping. The impact of the chemical design of both the polymer and the dopant, the processing conditions, and the resulting nanostructure on the doping efficiency and stability of the doped state are discussed. Attention is paid to the interdependence of the electrical and thermal transport characteristics of semiconductor host-dopant systems and the Seebeck coefficient. Strategies that permit to improve the thermoelectric performance, such as an uniaxial alignment of the polymer backbone in both bulk and thin film geometries, manipulation of the dielectric constant of the polymer, and the variation of the dopant size, are explored. A combination of theory and experiment is predicted to yield new chemical design principles and processing schemes that will ultimately give rise to the next generation of organic thermoelectric materials.
Lessons from the Milky Way: the Kapteyn Universe
Creators: name: van der Kruit, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn (1851-1922) presented a model for the distribution of stars in space together with a dynamical interpretation in terms of an equilibrium between the gravitational field of the stars and their random motion and rotation. In the vertical direction Kapteyn's results are substantially correct. Usually the Kapteyn Universe is described as being flawed due to neglect of interstellar absorption. Kapteyn was led to adopt this on the basis of widely accepted evidence by Shapley on an absence of reddening of stars in globular clusters. But another, equally important misconception was Kapteyn's interpretation of the two Star Streams as manifestations of two groups of stars rotating around a center in opposite directions. This was supported by the observation of very different mixes in stellar types in the two streams. Had Kapteyn adopted the absorption as he himself had determined it he would not have been able to arrive at a consistent picture.
description: To appear in LESSONS FROM THE LOCAL GROUP: A Conference in Honour of David Block and Bruce Elmegreen, eds. Freeman, K.C., Elmegreen, B.G., Block, D.L.and Woolway, M., Springer: New York
Fundamental Properties of Late-Type Stars in Eclipsing Binaries
Creators: name: Morales, J. C.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Giménez, Á.
name: Baroch, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evidence from the analysis of eclipsing binary systems revealed that late-type stars are larger and cooler than predicted by models, and that this is probably caused by stellar magnetic activity. In this work, we revisit this problem taking into account the advancements in the last decade. We provide and updated a list of 32 eclipsing binary or multiple systems, including at least one star with a mass $\lesssim 0.7$ M$_{\odot}$ and with mass and radius measured to an accuracy better than 3%. The~comparison with stellar structure and evolution theoretical models reveals an overall discrepancy of about 7% and -4% for the radius and effective temperature, respectively, and that it may be larger than previously found below the full convection boundary. Furthermore, the hypothesis of stellar activity is reinforced by the comparison of different systems with similar components. Further eclipsing binaries with accurately determined masses and radii, and with estimated activity levels, as well as the implementation of magnetic activity in theoretical models will help to improve our knowledge of low-mass stars, which are prime targets for exoplanet surveys.
description: 17 pages, 2 tables, 4 figures. Author version of the manuscript
HACC: Simulating Sky Surveys on State-of-the-Art Supercomputing Architectures
Creators: name: Habib, Salman
name: Pope, Adrian
name: Finkel, Hal
name: Frontiere, Nicholas
name: Heitmann, Katrin
name: Daniel, David
name: Fasel, Patricia
name: Morozov, Vitali
name: Zagaris, George
name: Peterka, Tom
name: Vishwanath, Venkatram
name: Lukic, Zarija
name: Sehrish, Saba
name: Liao, Wei-keng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current and future surveys of large-scale cosmic structure are associated with a massive and complex datastream to study, characterize, and ultimately understand the physics behind the two major components of the 'Dark Universe', dark energy and dark matter. In addition, the surveys also probe primordial perturbations and carry out fundamental measurements, such as determining the sum of neutrino masses. Large-scale simulations of structure formation in the Universe play a critical role in the interpretation of the data and extraction of the physics of interest. Just as survey instruments continue to grow in size and complexity, so do the supercomputers that enable these simulations. Here we report on HACC (Hardware/Hybrid Accelerated Cosmology Code), a recently developed and evolving cosmology N-body code framework, designed to run efficiently on diverse computing architectures and to scale to millions of cores and beyond. HACC can run on all current supercomputer architectures and supports a variety of programming models and algorithms. It has been demonstrated at scale on Cell- and GPU-accelerated systems, standard multi-core node clusters, and Blue Gene systems. HACC's design allows for ease of portability, and at the same time, high levels of sustained performance on the fastest supercomputers available. We present a description of the design philosophy of HACC, the underlying algorithms and code structure, and outline implementation details for several specific architectures. We show selected accuracy and performance results from some of the largest high resolution cosmological simulations so far performed, including benchmarks evolving more than 3.6 trillion particles.
description: 23 pages, 20 figures
Numerical Study on Excitation of Turbulence and Oscillation in Above-the-loop-top Region of a Solar Flare
Creators: name: Shibata, Kengo
name: Takasao, Shinsuke
name: Reeves, Katharine K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme ultraviolet imaging spectroscopic observations often show an increase in line width around the loop-top or above-loop-top (ALT) region of solar flares, suggestive of turbulence. In addition, recent spectroscopic observations found the oscillation in the Doppler velocity around the ALT region. We performed three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations to investigate the dynamics in the ALT region, with a particular focus on the generation of turbulence and the excitation of the oscillatory motion. We found a rapid growth of MHD instabilities around the upper parts of the ALT region (arms of the magnetic tuning fork). The instabilities grow more rapidly than the magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor-type instabilities at the density interface beneath the reconnecting current sheet. Eventually, the ALT region is filled with turbulent flows. The arms of the magnetic tuning fork have bad-curvature and transonic flows. Therefore, we consider that the rapidly growing instabilities are combinations of pressure-driven and centrifugally driven Rayleigh-Taylor-type instabilities. Despite the presence of turbulent flows, the ALT region shows a coherent oscillation driven by the backflow of the reconnection jet. We examine the numerical results by re-analyzing the solar flare presented in Reeves et al. 2020. We find that the highest non-thermal velocity is always at the uppermost visible edge of the ALT region, where oscillations are present. This result is consistent with our models. We also argue that the turbulent magnetic field has a significant impact on the confinement of non-thermal electrons in the ALT region.
description: 21 pages, 20 figures, This article has been accepted for Astrophysical Journal
A new double radio relic in PSZ1 G096.89+24.17 and a radio relic mass-luminosity relation
Creators: name: de Gasperin, F.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Bruggen, M.
name: Vazza, F.
name: Bonafede, A.
name: Intema, H. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio relics are diffuse synchrotron sources in galaxy clusters that are believed to trace large-scale shock waves. We have discovered a new double radio relic system in PSZ1 G096.89+24.17 (z=0.3) and have carried out a full-polarization radio observation using the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) at 1.4 GHz. The observation revealed the presence of two relics located on the two diametrically opposite sides of the cluster and hints of a central radio halo. The linear sizes of the relics are $\sim 0.9$ and $\sim 1.4$ Mpc. We carried out an analysis of all known double radio relics by using radio, X-ray and Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) data. We find that the radio luminosity of double relics is a steep function of the cluster mass, with $L_R \propto M^{2.83\pm0.39}$. If we include single radio relics, this relation is maintained. This dependence has implications for the origin of magnetic fields at the relic's locations.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures, accepted MNRAS
title: Female breast cancer in the UK: Understanding the process of familial disclosure and considering hair loss experiences
Creators: name: Wynter, Eloise
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: This thesis explores women’s experiences of breast cancer in the UK. The first chapter of the thesis is an empirical paper exploring the experiences of younger women of colour who have lost their hair due to chemotherapy for breast cancer. Hair loss can change a woman’s sense of identity and self, impacting mood and wellbeing. This may be considered within the context of social identity theory. Management of hair loss may be influenced by age, heritage and societal norms resulting in varying narratives around hair. When hair loss occurs it is important that women receive appropriate support. Due to varying health inequalities, women of colour are less likely to receive equity in healthcare from physical healthcare services, including in relation to breast cancer. This may extend to support offered to manage the impact of treatment, including hair loss. Chapter one captures experiences of women’s journey of hair loss, within the context of having a breast cancer diagnosis as a younger woman of colour. The term ‘women of colour’ was used following consultation with experts by experience, but also to promote inclusivity. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to explore and analyse data. The systematic review question was directly generated from the empirical paper, after participants shared their concerns and experiences of disease disclosure and what informed the decisions they made regarding disclosure. Some participants chose to share their diagnosis very openly with their loved ones, whilst others did not feel comfortable to do so and shared their reasons for doing this. This prompted chapter 2, a systematic review exploring experiences of women in the UK when sharing their diagnosis of breast cancer with their families. The systematic review followed ‘The Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research’ (ENTREQ) statement. It was important this the present review specifically focused on the UK context for appropriate recommendations to be made. Included studies explored the experiences of adult women communicating their breast cancer diagnosis to family members, and the experiences of family members hearing about the diagnosis and managing its impact. Familial perspectives included the experiences of children and spouses. One study focussed on the experiences of women sharing both their diagnoses of breast cancer and their BRCA gene status. The results were analysed using thematic analysis and reported using a narrative summary. Clinical implications and recommendations for future research are discussed.
The MedConnect Program: Symptomatology, Return Visits, and Hospitalization of COVID-19 Outpatients Following Discharge from the Emergency Department
Creators: name: Bayly, BL
name: Kercheval, JB
name: Cranford, JA
name: Girgla, T
name: Adapa, AR
name: Busschots, GV
name: Li, KY
name: Perry, M
name: Fung, CM
name: Greineder, CF
name: Losman, ED
Publisher: name: Cureus
Year: 2022
Subjects: covid 19
discharge to home
emergency medicine and trauma
followup
medical student

description: Background and objective Although hospitalization is required for only a minority of those infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the high rates of morbidity and mortality among these patients have led researchers to focus on the predictors of admission and adverse outcomes in the inpatient population. However, there is scarce data on the clinical trajectory of individuals symptomatic enough to present for emergency care, but not sick enough to be admitted. In light of this, we aimed to examine the symptomatology, emergency department (ED) revisits, and hospitalization of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outpatients after discharge from the ED. Methods Adult patients with COVID-19 infection were prospectively enrolled after discharge from the ED between May and December 2020. Patients were followed up longitudinally for 14 days via phone interviews designed to provide support and information and to track symptomatology, ED revisits, and hospitalization. Results A volunteer, medical student-run program enrolled 199 COVID-19 patients discharged from the ED during the first nine months of the pandemic. Of the 176 patients (88.4%) who completed the 14-day protocol, 29 (16.5%) had a second ED visit and 17 (9.6%) were admitted, 16 (9%) for worsening COVID-19 symptoms. Age, male sex, comorbid illnesses, and self-reported dyspnea, diarrhea, chills, and fever were associated with hospital admission for patients with a subsequent ED visit. For those who did not require admission, symptoms generally improved following ED discharge. Age >65 years and a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were associated with a longer duration of cough, but generally, patient characteristics and comorbidities did not significantly affect the overall number or duration of symptoms. Conclusions Nearly one in five patients discharged from the ED with COVID-19 infection had a second ED evaluation during a 14-day follow-up period, despite regular phone interactions aimed at providing support and information. More than half of them required admission for worsening COVID-19 symptoms. Established risk factors for severe disease and self-reported persistence of certain symptoms were associated with hospital admission, while those who did not require hospitalization had a steady improvement in symptoms over the 14-day period.
Ks band secondary eclipses of WASP-19b and WASP-43b with the Anglo-Australian Telescope
Creators: name: Zhou, G.
name: Bayliss, D. D. R.
name: Kedziora-Chudczer, L.
name: Salter, G.
name: Tinney, C. G.
name: Bailey, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new Ks band secondary eclipse observations for the hot-Jupiters WASP-19b and WASP-43b. Using the IRIS2 infrared camera on the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT), we measured significant secondary eclipses for both planets, with depths of 0.287 -0.020/+0.020% and 0.181 -0.027/+0.027% for WASP-19b and WASP-43b respectively. We compare the observations to atmosphere models from the VSTAR line-by-line radiative transfer code, and examine the effect of C/O abundance, top layer haze, and metallicities on the observed spectra. We performed a series of signal injection and recovery exercises on the observed light curves to explore the detection thresholds of the AAT+IRIS2 facility. We find that the optimal photometric precision is achieved for targets brighter than Kmag = 9, for which eclipses as shallow as 0.05% are detectable at >5 sigma significance.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 13 pages, 10 figures
Simulation, experimentation and calibration of nanoparticle sintering for a microscale selective laser sintering process
Creators: name: Dibua, Obehi Georgina
name: 0000-0003-0112-7890
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2018
Subjects: Modeling
Nanoparticles
Sintering

description: This thesis presents an approach for modeling the sintering of hundreds of 3D nanoparticles in a microscale selective laser sintering process. A phase field modeling approach is utilized in this thesis for studying the densification and microstructural evolution taking place within the nanoparticle bed during sintering. This model is important because there are currently no known simulations that are capable of modeling 3D nanoparticle sintering for over a hundred particles. These simulations are necessary for understanding the effects of sintering parameters on the final properties of sintered parts. From this understanding, input sintering parameters can be varied to create optimum parts. Additionally, post processing algorithms are developed in this thesis for visualizing the evolution of the sintered particles with time and for deriving the densification and shrinkage curves from the data obtained from the sintering simulation. The thesis also discusses in detail the experiments done to provide actual densification curves of copper nanoparticles undergoing sintering. These densification curves are used to validate the simulations and calibrate the simulations to extract sintering constants which cannot be determined experimentally. Examples of sintering constants are presented and mapped from simulation units to physical units and checked against bulk copper constants. Comparing the results of the simulations to the experiments shows that the trend derived from the densification of the simulation is the same as that derived from the experiments. Also, there is found to be good agreement between the sintering constant derived from the simulations in this study and those found in literature from the sintering of bulk copper. These results validate the phase field modeling approach for evaluating the microstructural evolution of nanoparticle beds during sintering operations and provides us with a valuable tool for modeling and understanding the microscale selective laser sintering process.
The role of charge relaxation in electrified tip streaming
Creators: name: Rubio, M.
name: Rodríguez-Díaz, P.
name: López-Herrera, J. M.
name: Herrada, M. A.
name: Gañán-Calvo, A. M.
name: Montanero, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study experimentally and numerically the onset of tip streaming in an electrified droplet. The experiments show that, for a sufficiently small dimensionless conductivity, the droplet apex oscillates before ejecting a liquid jet. This effect is caused by the limited charge transfer from the bulk to the interface. This reduces the electrostatic pressure at the droplet's stretching tip, preventing liquid ejection. This reduction of electrostatic pressure is compensated for by the electric shear stress arising during the apex oscillations, which eventually leads to the jet formation. The stability limit calculated from the global stability analysis perfectly agrees with the experimental results. However, this analysis predicts non-oscillatory, non-localized instability in all the cases, suggesting that both the oscillatory behavior and the small local scale characterizing tip streaming arise during the nonlinear droplet deformation.
description: 8 pages, 12 figures
िशा तथा सूचना िविधमा मडलाको उपयोग
Creators: name: Nepal, Ananda
name: Mishra, A.K
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: कोिवड–१९ को माहामारी पिछको समयमा शैिक याकलापलाई कसरी विथत बनाएर अगािड बने भे िवषयमा िवापी िचता, चासो र अनेकन योग भइरहेका छन् । यस सदभमा पूवय दशनको सबैभदा सश तुितको मायम “मडला” को दाशिनक तथा संरचनामक आधारमा शैिक याकलापको वातावरण िनमाण गन सके भचुअल िसकाइलाई सय सहभागी िसकाइमा परवतन गन सकने देिखछ । यसै उदेयले मडला िशा र डाटाबेस णालीको अवधारणामक समु िवकासको योजना तयार पारएको हो । यो आलेख पिन यही सदभमा आधारत छ ।
description: https://w.radioamargadhi.org/news-details/6289/2022-12-06
title: Auswirkungen eines Abstandsregelsystems auf Fahrerverhalten und Akzeptanz
Creators: name: Abendroth, Bettina
name: Landau, Kurt
Publisher: name: GfA-Press
Year: 2023

description: Auf dem Gebiet der Aktiven Fahrzeugsicherheit werden Assistenzsysteme zur Unterstützung des Fahrers bei zahlreichen Aufgaben der Fahrzeugführung entwickelt. Fahrerassistenzsysteme haben das Hauptziel der Unfallvermeidung; sie sollen einerseits die Informationen für den Fahrer verbessern und ergänzen und andererseits Kontrollaufgaben des Fahrers automatisieren sowie in die Fahrzeugführung eingreifen (vgl. MICHON et al. 1990, BIEHL 1993). Vor allem Systeme, die die Aufgaben des Fahrers in den Bereichen Kontrolle und Fahrzeugführung übernehmen, müssen so ausgelegt sein, dass sie dem Verhalten des Fahrers entsprechen. Um Fahrerassistenzsysteme nach diesem Kriterium gestalten zu können, ist es notwendig, das Fahrerverhalten in den zu unterstützenden Fahrsituationen zu analysieren.
The Lightest of Black Holes
Creators: name: Calmet, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider general relativity in the large $N$ limit, where $N$ stands for the number of particles in the model. Studying the resummed graviton propagator, we propose to interpret its complex poles as black hole precursors. Our main result is the calculation of the mass and width of the lightest of black holes. We show that the values of the masses of black hole precursors depend on the number of fields in the theory. Their masses can be lowered down to the TeV region by increasing the number of fields in a hidden sector that only interacts gravitationally with the standard model.
Experimental characterization and numerical modelling of the translaminar fracture of woven-ply hybrid fibers reinforced thermoplastic laminates
Creators: name: Bouvet, Christophe
name: Vieille, B.
name: Pujols-Gonzalez, J-D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study was aimed at investigating the influence of initial notch orientation on the translaminar fracture of woven-ply hybrid fibers reinforced thermoplastic polyether ether ketone (PEEK) laminates. This work is based on the experimental characterization of translaminar fracture of Single-edge-notch bending (SENB) specimens with two initial notches (0{\textdegree} and 45{\textdegree}). Such geometry results in a complex stress state within the laminates plies as well as simultaneous tension/compression failures. A digital image analysis technique has been implemented to monitor the crack initiation and growth during mechanical loading. To better understand the role played by the initial notch orientation as well as the plies orientation contribution to fracture behavior, a specific Finite Element mesoscale modelling was built to account for the deformation mechanisms (namely local plasticity) and the different damage behaviours (fiber breakage in tension and compression, kinking/crushing in compression, delamination) occurring within the plies of quasi-isotropic laminates. Linear elastic fracture mechanics concepts have been applied to quantify the critical translaminar fracture toughness (about 40 kJ/m${}^2$ in both cases). Finally, the G-R curves were computed from the compliance method to investigate the influence of the initial notch orientation on the evolution of the fracture energy.
Combined Magnetic Imaging and Anisotropic Magnetoresistance Detection of Dipolar Skyrmions
Creators: name: Tang, Jin
name: Jiang, Jialiang
name: Wang, Ning
name: Wu, Yaodong
name: Wang, Yihao
name: Li, Junbo
name: Soh, Y.
name: Xiong, Yimin
name: Kong, Lingyao
name: Wang, Shouguo
name: Tian, Mingliang
name: Du, Haifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic skyrmions are localized particle-like nontrivial swirls that are promising in building high-performance topological spintronic devices. The read-out functions in skyrmionic devices require the translation of magnetic skyrmions to electrical signals. Here, we report combined real-space magnetic imaging and anisotropic magnetoresistance studies on dipolar skyrmions. A single skyrmion chain and single skyrmion are observed using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy imaging. Meanwhile, the field, helicity, and skyrmion count dependence of anisotropic magnetoresistance of the Fe3Sn2 nanostructures are obtained simultaneously. Our results demonstrate that the anisotropic magnetoresistance of skyrmions is independent of the helicity and proportional to the skyrmion count. Our work could promote read-out operations in skyrmion-based spintronic devices.
title: Beurteilung von Fahrerassistenzsystemen aus der Sicht älterer Fahrer
Creators: name: Abendroth, Bettina
name: Eichert, Lukas
name: Langer, Ingmar
name: Bruder, Ralph
Publisher: name: GfA-Press
Year: 2023

description: Anhand einer Befragung wurden ältere und jüngere Autofahrer zu informierenden, warnenden und eingreifenden Fahrerassistenzsystemen befragt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine generell positivere Einstellung der Fahrer gegenüber informierenden und warnenden Unterstützungssystemen als gegenüber eingreifenden Systemen. Ältere und jüngere Fahrer beurteilen unterschiedliche Arten der Informationsdarstellung als unterschiedlich hilfreich.