cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Design of a Representation Information Repository for the Long-Term Usability of Digital Building Documents
Creators: name: Borghoff, Uwe M.
name: Pfeiffer, Eberhard
name: Rödig, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The long-term usability of digital building documents is essential for the maintenance and optimization of infrastructure portfolios. It supports the preservation of building-specific knowledge and the cultural heritage hidden within. However, having to do this throughout the lifecycle of a building - or even indefinitely - remains a major challenge. This is especially true for organizations responsible for large collections of digital building documents, such as public administrations or archives. In this article, we first describe the challenges and requirements associated with preservation tasks, and then introduce the concept of so-called representation information within BIM (Building Information Modeling). This type of information is important to give meaning to the stored bit sequences for a particular community. Then, we design a repository for representation information and introduce some so-called 23 BIMcore content elements. Finally, we focus on BIM and the construction sector and explain how the proposed repository can be used to implement the two concepts introduced in the ISO reference model OAIS (Open Archival Information System), namely the representation information and the context information, as well as the concept of significant properties, which has not yet been explicitly modeled in OAIS.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
CBS News/New York Times Poll: Iowa Survey, January 1988
Creators: name: CBS News
name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Likelihood of participating in the caucus(3); the economy(3); ASKED ONLY OF REPUBLICAN CAUCUS GOERS: Republican presidential candidates(27). ASKED ONLY OF DEMOCRATIC CAUCUS GOERS: Democratic presidential candidates(29) Mario Cuomo(4).
Additional file 11 of Crowdsourced benchmarking of taxonomic metagenome profilers: lessons learned from the sbv IMPROVER Microbiomics challenge
Creators: name: Poussin, Carine
name: Khachatryan, Lusine
name: Sierro, Nicolas
name: Narsapuram, Vijay Kumar
name: Meyer, Fernando
name: Kaikala, Vinay
name: Chawla, Vandna
name: Muppirala, Usha
name: Kumar, Sunil
name: Belcastro, Vincenzo
name: Battey, James N. D.
name: Scotti, Elena
name: Boué, Stéphanie
name: McHardy, Alice C.
name: Peitsch, Manuel C.
name: Ivanov, Nikolai V.
name: Hoeng, Julia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 11.
"As Popular as Pin-Up Girls:" The Armed Services Editions and American Print Culture, 1943-1947
Creators: name: Poole, Alexander H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009
Subjects: Literature--Appreciation--United States--History--20th century
World War, 1939-1945--United States
Books and reading--United States--History--20th century
Middle class--United States--History--20th century
Popular culture--United States--History--20th Century
Self-culture--History--20th century

description: During the Second World War, the United States government collaborated with American publishers to provide servicemen with unprecedented access to reading material. Between 1943 and 1947, the Armed Services Editions project supplied 1,322 titles and nearly 123 million books in all genres, from classics to westerns. Using both primary and secondary sources, the following essay probes the interplay between culture and society, home front and theaters of war, as viewed through the lens of the Armed Services Editions. The project provides a case study, in short, through which to analyze what historians Carl Kaestle and Janice Radway call "print culture" between 1943 and 1947. The Armed Service Editions initiative reveals not only changes in modern book publishing and in modern book reading, but also documents larger trends in modern American culture, notably the ascendance of "middlebrow" culture during the second quarter of the twentieth century. Ultimately, the Armed Services Editions represent a valuable - yet often overlooked - chapter in American cultural history.
Excitation-Dependent Features and Artifacts in 2-D Terahertz Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Liu, Albert
name: Disa, Ankit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, two-dimensional terahertz spectroscopy (2DTS) has attracted increasing attention for studying complex solids. A number of recent studies have applied 2DTS either with long pulses or away from any material resonances, situations that yield unconventional 2DTS spectra that are often difficult to interpret. Here, we clarify the generic origins of observed spectral features by examining 2DTS spectra of ZnTe, a model system with a featureless optical susceptibility at low terahertz frequencies. These results also reveal possible artifacts that may arise from electro-optic sampling in collinear 2DTS experiments, including the observation of spurious rectified or second harmonic signals.
Additional file 3 of Crowdsourced benchmarking of taxonomic metagenome profilers: lessons learned from the sbv IMPROVER Microbiomics challenge
Creators: name: Poussin, Carine
name: Khachatryan, Lusine
name: Sierro, Nicolas
name: Narsapuram, Vijay Kumar
name: Meyer, Fernando
name: Kaikala, Vinay
name: Chawla, Vandna
name: Muppirala, Usha
name: Kumar, Sunil
name: Belcastro, Vincenzo
name: Battey, James N. D.
name: Scotti, Elena
name: Boué, Stéphanie
name: McHardy, Alice C.
name: Peitsch, Manuel C.
name: Ivanov, Nikolai V.
name: Hoeng, Julia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 3.
Joint Transmit Waveform and Passive Beamforming Design for RIS-Aided DFRC Systems
Creators: name: Liu, Rang
name: Li, Ming
name: Liu, Yang
name: Wu, Qingqing
name: Liu, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a promising technology for 6G networks owing to its superior ability to enhance the capacity and coverage of wireless communications by smartly creating a favorable propagation environment. In this paper, we investigate the potential of employing RIS in dual-functional radar-communication (DFRC) systems for improving both radar sensing and communication functionalities. In particular, we consider a RIS-assisted DFRC system in which the multi-antenna base station (BS) simultaneously performs both multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar sensing and multi-user multi-input single-output (MU-MISO) communications using the same hardware platform. We aim to jointly design the dual-functional transmit waveform and the passive beamforming of RIS to maximize the radar output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) achieved by space-time adaptive processing (STAP), while satisfying the communication quality-of-service (QoS) requirement under one of three metrics, the constant-modulus constraint on the transmit waveform, and the unit-modulus constraint of RIS reflecting coefficients. An efficient algorithm framework based on the alternative direction method of multipliers (ADMM) and majorization-minimization (MM) methods is developed to solve the complicated non-convex optimization problem. Simulation results verify the advancement of the proposed RIS-assisted DRFC scheme and the effectiveness of the developed ADMM-MM-based joint transmit waveform and passive beamforming design algorithm.
description: accepted by IEEE J. Sel. Topics Signal Process., 15 pages, 9 figures
National Survey, August 1988
Creators: name: CBS News
name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1989

description: George Bush(5); Michael Dukakis(5); degree of candidate support(3); Bush vs. Dukakis(2); Jesse Jackson(5); hypothetical Republican vice-presidential candidates(2); the Reagan Administration(3); Democratic National Convention(2); Democratic vs. Republican party(7); hypothetical constitutional amendments(3).
Sustainability and Reliability in an Academic-Public Library Collaborative Instruction Program: a case study
Creators: name: Quiroz, Sally F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006
Subjects: Cooperation--College and university libraries
Cooperative library systems--Teaching
Computer-assisted instruction--Case studies
Internet--Teaching
Cooperation--Public libraries

description: The Workshops in Public Libraries Program (WPLP), a partnership between an academic library and three public libraries providing computer instruction, is considered to be a resounding success by all stakeholders. This qualitative study reviews some of its strengths and weaknesses as they relate to sustainability and reliability. The workshops will be analyzed from several different perspectives in order identify the elements that contribute to its sustainability and make it a potential model for academic and public library collaborative programming. Information was collected from all stakeholders and participants regarding their involvement and their perception of its strengths and weaknesses.  Semi-structured interviews were conducted with professional librarians at the stakeholder libraries.  The crucial role of the coordinator of the program was analyzed.  A survey was done of the volunteers who have participated in the program as workshop instructors.
A Direct Translation from LTL with Past to Deterministic Rabin Automata
Creators: name: Azzopardi, Shaun
name: Lidell, David
name: Piterman, Nir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a translation from linear temporal logic with past to deterministic Rabin automata. The translation is direct in the sense that it does not rely on intermediate non-deterministic automata, and asymptotically optimal, resulting in Rabin automata of doubly exponential size. It is based on two main notions. One is that it is possible to encode the history contained in the prefix of a word, as relevant for the formula under consideration, by performing simple rewrites of the formula itself. As a consequence, a formula involving past operators can (through such rewrites, which involve alternating between weak and strong versions of past operators in the formula's syntax tree) be correctly evaluated at an arbitrary point in the future without requiring backtracking through the word. The other is that this allows us to generalize to linear temporal logic with past the result that the language of a pure-future formula can be decomposed into a Boolean combination of simpler languages, for which deterministic automata with simple acceptance conditions are easily constructed.
description: 32 pages. This is the full version of a paper published in MFCS'24. Changes since last version: Minor errata to match published version, and minor fix in one proof
Spin-injection-generated shock waves and solitons in a ferromagnetic thin film: the spin piston problem
Creators: name: Hu, Mingyu
name: Iacocca, Ezio
name: Hoefer, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unsteady, nonlinear magnetization dynamics induced by spin injection in an easy-plane ferromagnetic channel subject to an external magnetic field are studied analytically. Leveraging a dispersive hydrodynamic description, the Landau-Lifshitz equation is recast in terms of hydrodynamic-like variables for the magnetization's perpendicular component (spin density) and azimuthal phase gradient (fluid velocity). Spin injection acts as a moving piston that generates nonlinear, dynamical spin textures in the ferromagnetic channel with downstream quiescent spin density set by the external field. In contrast to the classical problem of a piston accelerating a compressible gas, here, variable spin injection and field lead to a rich variety of nonlinear wave phenomena from oscillatory spin shocks to solitons and rarefaction waves. A full classification of solutions is provided using nonlinear wave modulation theory by identifying two key aspects of the fluid-like dynamics: subsonic/supersonic conditions and convex/nonconvex hydrodynamic flux. Familiar waveforms from the classical piston problem such as rarefaction (expansion) waves and shocks manifest in their spin-based counterparts as smooth and highly oscillatory transitions, respectively. The spin shock is an example of a dispersive shock wave, which arises in many physical systems. New features without a gas dynamics counterpart include composite wave complexes with "contact" spin shocks and rarefactions. Magnetic supersonic conditions lead to two pronounced piston edge behaviors including a stationary soliton and an oscillatory wavetrain. These coherent wave structures have physical implications for the generation of high frequency spin waves from pulsed injection and persistent, stable stationary and/or propagating solitons in the presence of magnetic damping. The analytical results are favorably compared with numerical simulations.
Mesoscopic transport signatures of disorder-induced non-Hermitian phases
Creators: name: Michen, Benjamin
name: Budich, Jan Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact on basic quantum transport properties of disorder-induced exceptional points (EPs) that emerge in a disorder-averaged Green's function description of two-dimensional (2D) Dirac semimetals with spin- or orbital-dependent potential scattering. Remarkably, we find that EPs may promote the nearly vanishing conductance of a finite sample at the Dirac point to a sizable value that increases with disorder strength. This striking behavior exhibits a strong directional anisotropy that is closely related to the Fermi arcs connecting the EPs. We corroborate our results by numerically exact simulations, thus revealing the fingerprints of characteristic non-Hermitian spectral features also on the localization properties of the considered systems. Finally, several candidates for the experimental verification of our theoretical analysis are discussed, including disordered electronic square-net materials and cold atoms in spin-dependent optical lattices.
NBC News/Wall Street Journal Poll:
Creators: name: NBC News
name: Wall Street Journal
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1995

description: 1992 election(1); direction of nation(1); public figures(9); Clinton job performance(3); 1996 election(4); most important problem(1); Congressional job performance(1); Congressional election(3); economy(4); GATT(1); health care(2); responsibility for own actions(1); crime(9); social and economic problems facing America(9); inner cities(2); social and economic goals(6); foreign policy issues(2); Haiti(8); Cuba(1); Ireland(1); O.J. Simpson(3); race relations(20).
Circular geodesic orbits in the equatorial plane of a charged rotating disc of dust
Creators: name: Rumler, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Equatorial circular geodesic orbits of neutral test particles in the exterior spacetime of a charged rotating disc of dust are analyzed in dependence of its specific charge and a relativity parameter. The charged rotating disc of dust is an axisymmetric, stationary solution of the Einstein-Maxwell equations in terms of a post-Newtonian expansion. In particular, photon, marginally bound and marginally stable orbits are discussed. It turns out that general formulae in closed form for angular velocity, specific energy and specific angular momentum of the test particles can be derived, which hold for any (exterior) asymptotically flat, axisymmetric, stationary and reflection symmetric (electro-)vacuum spacetime. Furthermore, circular motion in the exterior spacetime of the charged rotating disc of dust is qualitatively very similar to that around a Kerr-Newman black hole for sufficiently large radii, but differs strongly in the respective closer vicinity.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures; v2: final version, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Digital Photographs as Electronic Records: How are Archives Handling Born-Digital Photographs?
Creators: name: Merryman, Kristen M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010
Subjects: Digital Photography
Photographic archives
Photographs
Archives--North Carolina

description: Born-digital photographs, which are photographs captured originally on digital cameras, pose new considerations for archivists.  Sharing qualities of both electronic records and analog photographs, these objects bring together the issues inherent in both.  While there are best practice guidelines available for how to preserve these electronic documents, there is little information on what archivists are actually doing to ingest born-digital photographs.  Using qualitative interviews with archivists located in the Triangle area of North Carolina, this study has investigated what archivists are doing to address born-digital photographs.
NBC/WSJ Poll # 6008
Creators: name: NBC News
name: Wall Street Journal
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2000

description: Direction Of the Nation (1): Clinton Job Performance (4): Congressional Job Performance (2): Congressional Elections (2): Favorability of Public Figures (12): 2000 Presidential Election (5): Cheney V. Lieberman (1): Cheney (3): Lieberman (4): Gore V. Bush (22): Religion in Presidential Election (1): Rate Important Issues (4): Rate Important Presidential Qualities (12): Presidential Debates (3): Patients Bill of Rights (1): Prescription Drugs (1): Social Security (1): taxes (3): Gore (2): Clinton (3): Voting Intentions (1): McCain (2): Democrats V. Republicans (6): Power of Political Groups (10): Surplus Funds (2): U.S. Military (2): Foreign Policy (1): 2000 Olympics (1)
A space-based quantum gas laboratory at picokelvin energy scales
Creators: name: Gaaloul, Naceur
name: Meister, Matthias
name: Corgier, Robin
name: Pichery, Annie
name: Boegel, Patrick
name: Herr, Waldemar
name: Ahlers, Holger
name: Charron, Eric
name: Williams, Jason R.
name: Thompson, Robert J.
name: Schleich, Wolfgang P.
name: Rasel, Ernst M.
name: Bigelow, Nicholas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold quantum gases are ideal sources for high-precision space-borne sensing as proposed for Earth observation, relativistic geodesy and tests of fundamental physical laws as well as for studying new phenomena in many-body physics extended free fall. By performing experiments with the Cold Atom Lab aboard the International Space Station, we have achieved exquisite control over the quantum state of single Bose-Einstein condensates paving the way for future high-precision measurements. In particular, we have applied fast transport protocols to shuttle the atomic cloud over a millimeter distance with sub-micrometer accuracy and subsequently drastically reduced the total expansion energy to below 100 pK with matterwave lensing techniques.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures
Some sharp bilinear space-time estimates for the wave equation
Creators: name: Bez, Neal
name: Jeavons, Chris
name: Ozawa, Tohru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B45, 35L05, 42B37

description: We prove a family of sharp bilinear space-time estimates for the half-wave propagator. As a consequence, for radially symmetric initial data, we establish sharp estimates of this kind for a range of exponents beyond the classical range.
description: 18 pages
Probing infrared excess connection with Li enhancement among red clump giants
Creators: name: Mallick, Anohita
name: Reddy, Bacham E.
name: Muthumariappan, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a search among low mass red giants for finding evidence for merger scenario for triggering He-flash and subsequent Li enhancement. We chose a sample of red giants from GALAH survey with well-measured Li abundances, and near and mid-IR fluxes from 2MASS and WISE surveys, respectively. The sample contains 418 cool red clump giants and 359 upper red giant branch giants. Most of the giants and majority of super Li-rich giants show no IR excess. Only five red clump giants and one RGB giant show IR excess. Notably, of the five red clump giants with IR excess, three are super Li-rich (A(Li) > = 3.2 dex), and two are Li-rich (A(Li) > = 1.0 dex). Results suggest Li enhancement among red clump giants may be due to two channels: one resulting from in-situ He-flash in single star evolution and the other due to He-flash triggered by events like merger of He-white dwarfs with giants He-inert core on RGB. In the latter case, IR excess, as a result of mass loss, is expected from merger events. We have modelled IR excess in all six giants using DUSTY code and derived dust parameters. The estimated kinematic ages and time scales of dust envelopes of the super Li-rich phase suggest Li enhancement took place very recently. Further, the analysis shows a significantly higher proportion (four out of five red clump giants) of rapid rotators (vsini > = 8 km/s) among Li-rich giants with IR excess compared to Li-normal and Li-rich giants with no IR excess.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables
Additional file 4 of Crowdsourced benchmarking of taxonomic metagenome profilers: lessons learned from the sbv IMPROVER Microbiomics challenge
Creators: name: Poussin, Carine
name: Khachatryan, Lusine
name: Sierro, Nicolas
name: Narsapuram, Vijay Kumar
name: Meyer, Fernando
name: Kaikala, Vinay
name: Chawla, Vandna
name: Muppirala, Usha
name: Kumar, Sunil
name: Belcastro, Vincenzo
name: Battey, James N. D.
name: Scotti, Elena
name: Boué, Stéphanie
name: McHardy, Alice C.
name: Peitsch, Manuel C.
name: Ivanov, Nikolai V.
name: Hoeng, Julia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 4.
Shared Annotations: Attitudes and Behaviors of Scholars
Creators: name: TerMaat, Julia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011
Subjects: Annotations
Scholarly communication

description: Annotations, in the form of markings and comments on the text, are often part of scholarly work. Digital platforms increasingly allow these annotations to be shared in group and public environments. To explore scholars' current behavior and attitudes toward shared annotations, semi-structured interviews with 11 doctoral students in the life sciences were conducted. The findings suggest that socio-cognitive processes are integral to scholars' creation and use of shared annotations. This paper discusses common themes from the findings and their implications for effective design of annotation systems supporting scholarly communication.
NBC/WSJ Poll # 6009
Creators: name: NBC News
name: Wall Street Journal
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2001

description: 2000 election(5): direction of nation(1): Clinton job performance(3): Congress(6): important people(11): voting intention(4): debates(2): Cheney Vs Lieberman(1): important issues(5): Bush Vs Gore(33): Religion in politics(1): economy(4): gas prices(1): RU-488(1): Israel(3)
Abundance ratios of red giants in low mass ultra faint dwarf spheroidal galaxies
Creators: name: François, P.
name: Monaco, L.
name: Bonifacio, P.
name: Bidin, C. Moni
name: Geisler, D.
name: Sbordone, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low mass dwarf spheroidal galaxies are key objects for our understanding of the chemical evolution of the pristine Universe and the Local Group of galaxies. Abundance ratios in stars of these objects can be used to better understand their star formation and chemical evolution. We report on the analysis of a sample of 11 stars belonging to 5 different ultra faint dwarf spheroidal galaxies (UfDSph) based on X-Shooter spectra obtained at the VLT. Medium resolution spectra have been used to determine the detailed chemical composition of their atmosphere. We performed a standard 1D LTE analysis to compute the abundances. Considering all the stars as representative of the same population of low mass galaxies, we found that the [alpha/Fe] ratios vs [Fe/H] decreases as the metallicity of the star increases in a way similar to what is found for the population of stars belonging to dwarf spheroidal galaxies. The main difference is that the solar [alpha/Fe] is reached at a much lower metallicity for the UfDSph than the dwarf spheroidal galaxies. We report for the first time the abundance of strontium in CVnI. The star we analyzed in this galaxy has a very high [Sr/Fe] and a very low upper limit of barium which makes it a star with an exceptionally high [Sr/Ba] ratio. Our results seem to indicate that the galaxies which have produced the bulk of their stars before the reionization (fossil galaxies) have lower [X/Fe] ratios at a given metallicity than the galaxies that have experienced a discontinuity in their star formation rate (quenching).
description: 22 pages, 12 figures, submitted to A&A
VRS State Primary Exit Poll: North Carolina Republican Primary
Creators: name: ABC News
name: CBS News
name: CNN
name: NBC News
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1993

description: Voting record(3); most important issue(1); candidates issues(6); voting intentions(4); national issues(1); government performance(1); ideology (1); party ID(1); economic situation(2); president job approval(1).
Ontology-enhanced Prompt-tuning for Few-shot Learning
Creators: name: Ye, Hongbin
name: Zhang, Ningyu
name: Deng, Shumin
name: Chen, Xiang
name: Chen, Hui
name: Xiong, Feiyu
name: Chen, Xi
name: Chen, Huajun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Few-shot Learning (FSL) is aimed to make predictions based on a limited number of samples. Structured data such as knowledge graphs and ontology libraries has been leveraged to benefit the few-shot setting in various tasks. However, the priors adopted by the existing methods suffer from challenging knowledge missing, knowledge noise, and knowledge heterogeneity, which hinder the performance for few-shot learning. In this study, we explore knowledge injection for FSL with pre-trained language models and propose ontology-enhanced prompt-tuning (OntoPrompt). Specifically, we develop the ontology transformation based on the external knowledge graph to address the knowledge missing issue, which fulfills and converts structure knowledge to text. We further introduce span-sensitive knowledge injection via a visible matrix to select informative knowledge to handle the knowledge noise issue. To bridge the gap between knowledge and text, we propose a collective training algorithm to optimize representations jointly. We evaluate our proposed OntoPrompt in three tasks, including relation extraction, event extraction, and knowledge graph completion, with eight datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach can obtain better few-shot performance than baselines.
description: Accepted by WWW2022
Group-aware Parameter-efficient Updating for Content-Adaptive Neural Video Compression
Creators: name: Chen, Zhenghao
name: Zhou, Luping
name: Hu, Zhihao
name: Xu, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Content-adaptive compression is crucial for enhancing the adaptability of the pre-trained neural codec for various contents. Although these methods have been very practical in neural image compression (NIC), their application in neural video compression (NVC) is still limited due to two main aspects: 1), video compression relies heavily on temporal redundancy, therefore updating just one or a few frames can lead to significant errors accumulating over time; 2), NVC frameworks are generally more complex, with many large components that are not easy to update quickly during encoding. To address the previously mentioned challenges, we have developed a content-adaptive NVC technique called Group-aware Parameter-Efficient Updating (GPU). Initially, to minimize error accumulation, we adopt a group-aware approach for updating encoder parameters. This involves adopting a patch-based Group of Pictures (GoP) training strategy to segment a video into patch-based GoPs, which will be updated to facilitate a globally optimized domain-transferable solution. Subsequently, we introduce a parameter-efficient delta-tuning strategy, which is achieved by integrating several light-weight adapters into each coding component of the encoding process by both serial and parallel configuration. Such architecture-agnostic modules stimulate the components with large parameters, thereby reducing both the update cost and the encoding time. We incorporate our GPU into the latest NVC framework and conduct comprehensive experiments, whose results showcase outstanding video compression efficiency across four video benchmarks and adaptability of one medical image benchmark.
description: Accepted by ACM MM 2024, Melbourne, Australia
An analysis of Wiki website for scholarly communication for academic conferences
Creators: name: Yi, Wenyang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006
Subjects: Academic conference
Wiki
Scholarly communication

description: This paper is a preliminary analysis of the 2005 ASIST conference Wiki website, and its effectiveness as an application for academic conferences. Page views and page edits information of the 2005 ASIST conference Wiki website were recorded each day from the first day of the conference to the thirtieth day after the conference. The result of this study contributes to understanding the value of building Wiki website for scholarly communication for academic conferences. Moreover, it also offers suggestions for the future design and management of Wikis for conferences.
ABC News / The Washington Post Poll: September, 1988
Creators: name: ABC News
name: Washington Post
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1989

description: Reagan's job performance(2); 1984 presidential vote(2); Bush vs. Dukakis(24); degree of candidate support(2); vice-presidential candidates(5); abortion(2); school prayer(2); Pledge of Allegiance(2); SDI(2); taxes(2); drugs(2); child care(2); federal budget deficit(2).
CBS News/New York Times Poll: Virginia Democratic Primary Day Exit Poll
Creators: name: CBS News
name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1989

description: Presidential primary vote(1); reasons for candidate choice(2); presidential candidates(5); strength of candidate choice(1); Reagan's job performance(1); 1984 presidential vote(1); hypothetical 1988 presidential vote(1).
Environmental Trade-offs of Different Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Recycling Strategies for the City of São Paulo, Brazil
Creators: name: Mascarenhas, Zila
name: Belizario-Silva, Fernanda
name: Vasconcelos, Kamilla
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Environmental Benefit
Waste Management
Case Study

description: Different destination scenarios can be considered to the end-of-life waste materials such as reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). In São Paulo city, Brazil, the current practice consists of downcycling the RAP into soil aggregate mix, that can be applied in base layer, or into cold asphalt mixture to be applied as base layer in pavement rehabilitation and construction across the city. This study aims to assess the environmental trade-offs of RAP recycling strategies based on the RAP amount available annually. Three different scenarios were evaluated considering the two downcycling strategies currently adopted by the city administration, and a third alternative of RAP recycling that has not been in use so far. For the environmental analysis, life cycle stages of raw material production, material transportation and asphalt mixing were considered. The Global Warming Potential (GWP) is expressed in t CO2 equivalent for each destination scenario. The results of the recycling and downcycling scenarios are compared, showing that RAP recycling can improve the environmental performance of the pavement maintenance and construction strategies. If higher amount of RAP would be available and higher shares of RAP in the asphalt mixture would be considered, the difference between the recycling scenarios could be more pronounced.
Predicting Wind-Driven Spatial Deposition through Simulated Color Images using Deep Autoencoders
Creators: name: Fernández-Godino, M. Giselle
name: Lucas, Donald D.
name: Kong, Qingkai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For centuries, scientists have observed nature to understand the laws that govern the physical world. The traditional process of turning observations into physical understanding is slow. Imperfect models are constructed and tested to explain relationships in data. Powerful new algorithms can enable computers to learn physics by observing images and videos. Inspired by this idea, instead of training machine learning models using physical quantities, we used images, that is, pixel information. For this work, and as a proof of concept, the physics of interest are wind-driven spatial patterns. These phenomena include features in Aeolian dunes and volcanic ash deposition, wildfire smoke, and air pollution plumes. We use computer model simulations of spatial deposition patterns to approximate images from a hypothetical imaging device whose outputs are red, green, and blue (RGB) color images with channel values ranging from 0 to 255. In this paper, we explore deep convolutional neural network-based autoencoders to exploit relationships in wind-driven spatial patterns, which commonly occur in geosciences, and reduce their dimensionality. Reducing the data dimension size with an encoder enables training deep, fully connected neural network models linking geographic and meteorological scalar input quantities to the encoded space. Once this is achieved, full spatial patterns are reconstructed using the decoder. We demonstrate this approach on images of spatial deposition from a pollution source, where the encoder compresses the dimensionality to 0.02% of the original size, and the full predictive model performance on test data achieves a normalized root mean squared error of 8%, a figure of merit in space of 94% and a precision-recall area under the curve of 0.93.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Generalized parton distributions from the pseudo-distribution approach on the lattice
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Shohini
name: Cichy, Krzysztof
name: Constantinou, Martha
name: Metz, Andreas
name: Nurminen, Niilo
name: Steffens, Fernanda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalized parton distributions (GPDs) are key quantities for the description of a hadron's three-dimensional structure. They are the current focus of all areas of hadronic physics -- phenomenological, experimental, and theoretical, including lattice QCD. Synergies between these areas are desirable and essential to achieve precise quantification and understanding of the structure of, particularly nucleons, as the basic ingredients of matter. In this paper, we investigate, for the first time, the numerical implementation of the pseudo-distribution approach for the extraction of zero-skewness GPDs for unpolarized quarks. Pseudo-distributions are Euclidean parton correlators computable in lattice QCD that can be perturbatively matched to the light-cone parton distributions of interest. Being closely related to the quasi-distributions and coming from the same lattice-extracted matrix elements, they are, however, subject to different systematic effects. We use the data previously utilized for quasi-GPDs and extend it with other momentum transfers and nucleon boosts, in particular a higher one ($P_3=1.67$ GeV) with eight-fold larger statistics than the largest one used for quasi-distributions ($P_3=1.25$ GeV). We renormalize the matrix elements with a ratio scheme and match the resulting Ioffe time distributions to the light cone in coordinate space. The matched distributions are then used to reconstruct the $x$-dependence with a fitting ansatz.We investigate some systematic effects related to this procedure, and we also compare the results with the ones obtained in the framework of quasi-GPDs. Our final results involve the invariant four-momentum transfer squared ($-t$) dependence of the flavor non-singlet ($u-d$) $H$ and $E$ GPDs.
description: 35 pages, 29 figures, compatible with journal version
Additional file 6 of Crowdsourced benchmarking of taxonomic metagenome profilers: lessons learned from the sbv IMPROVER Microbiomics challenge
Creators: name: Poussin, Carine
name: Khachatryan, Lusine
name: Sierro, Nicolas
name: Narsapuram, Vijay Kumar
name: Meyer, Fernando
name: Kaikala, Vinay
name: Chawla, Vandna
name: Muppirala, Usha
name: Kumar, Sunil
name: Belcastro, Vincenzo
name: Battey, James N. D.
name: Scotti, Elena
name: Boué, Stéphanie
name: McHardy, Alice C.
name: Peitsch, Manuel C.
name: Ivanov, Nikolai V.
name: Hoeng, Julia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 6.
Observation of wave-packet branching through an engineered conical intersection
Creators: name: Wang, Christopher S.
name: Frattini, Nicholas E.
name: Chapman, Benjamin J.
name: Puri, Shruti
name: Girvin, Steven M.
name: Devoret, Michel H.
name: Schoelkopf, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In chemical reactions, the interplay between coherent evolution and dissipation is central to determining key properties such as the rate and yield. Of particular interest are cases where two potential energy surfaces cross at features known as conical intersections (CIs), resulting in nonadiabatic dynamics that may promote ultrafast and highly efficient reactions when rovibrational damping is present. A prominent chemical reaction that involves a CI is the cis-trans isomerization reaction in rhodopsin, which is crucial to vision. CIs in real molecular systems are typically investigated via optical pump-probe spectroscopy, which has demanding spectral bandwidth and temporal resolution requirements, and where precise control of the environment is challenging. A complementary approach for understanding chemical reactions is to use quantum simulators that can provide access to a wider range of observables, though thus far combining strongly interacting linear (rovibrational) and nonlinear (electronic) degrees of freedom with engineered dissipation has yet to be demonstrated. Here, we create a tunable CI in a hybrid qubit-oscillator circuit QED processor and simultaneously track both a reactive wave-packet and electronic qubit in the time-domain. We identify dephasing of the electronic qubit as the mechanism that drives wave-packet branching along the reactive coordinate in our model. Furthermore, we directly observe enhanced branching when the wave-packet passes through the CI. Thus, the forces that influence a chemical reaction can be viewed as an effective measurement induced dephasing rate that depends on the position of the wave-packet relative to the CI. Our results set the groundwork for more complex simulations of chemical dynamics, offering deeper insight into the role of dissipation in determining macroscopic quantities of interest such as the quantum yield of a chemical reaction.
Cylindrical Dyck paths and the Mazorchuk-Turowska equation
Creators: name: Hartwig, Jonas T.
name: Rosso, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We classify all solutions (p,q) to the equation p(u)q(u)=p(u+b)q(u+a) where p and q are complex polynomials in one indeterminate u, and a and b are fixed but arbitrary complex numbers. This equation is a special case of a system of equations which ensures that certain algebras defined by generators and relations are non-trivial. We first give a necessary condition for the existence of non-trivial solutions to the equation. Then, under this condition, we use combinatorics of generalized Dyck paths to describe all solutions and a canonical way to factor each solution into a product of irreducible solutions.
description: 21 pages
From Science to Librarianship: Career Motivations of the Scientist-Turned-Librarian
Creators: name: Walker, Shannon A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010
Subjects: Science librarians
Surveys--Librarians
Special librarianship
Librarians--Careers
Librarianship as a profession

description: Why might someone with science training pursue an information career? This secondary analysis of the Workforce Issues in Library and Information Science (WILIS) study compares those who earned a natural science degree prior to the LIS program with others who did not. The results point to more similarities than differences. All LIS graduates showed broad agreement on job motivations, values, and satisfaction; however, some differences were found. Science majors were less interested in school libraries and more in special libraries. Scientists were more likely to self-identify as "information professional" alone or in tandem with "librarian" and more likely to cite computer interest as one motivation. Science graduates were significantly more likely to claim responsibilities for academic research and publications, database development, and "other" IT and consulting. Very few entrants to LIS programs have science degrees, but the potential exists to attract more.
Modified Starobinsky inflation by the $R\ln\left( \square\right) R$ term
Creators: name: Bezerra-Sobrinho, J.
name: Medeiros, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of effective theories of gravity, a minimalist bottom-up approach which takes into account $1$-loop quantum corrections leads to modifications in the Einstein-Hilbert action through the inclusion of four extra terms: $R^{2}$, $C_{κραβ}C^{κραβ}$, $R\ln\left( \square\right) R$ and $C_{κραβ}\ln\left( \square\right) C^{κραβ}$. The first two terms are necessary to guarantee the renormalizability of the gravitational theory, and the last two terms (nonlocal terms) arise from the integration of massless/light matter fields. This work aims to analyze how one of the nonlocal terms, namely $R\ln\left( \square\right) R$, affects the Starobinsky inflation. We consider the nonlocal term as a small correction to the $R^{2}$ term, and we demonstrate that the model behaves like a local model in this context. In addition, we show that the approximate model in the Einstein frame is described by a canonical scalar field minimally coupled to general relativity. Finally, we study the inflationary regime of this model and constrain its free parameters through observations of CMB anisotropies.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures; v3: matches the published version
Robust constraints on tensor perturbations from cosmological data: a comparative analysis from Bayesian and frequentist perspectives
Creators: name: Galloni, Giacomo
name: Henrot-Versillé, Sophie
name: Tristram, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze primordial tensor perturbations using the latest cosmic microwave background and gravitational waves data, focusing on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, and the tensor spectral tilt, $n_t$. Utilizing data from Planck PR4, BICEP/Keck, and LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA, we employ both Bayesian and frequentist methods to provide robust constraints on these parameters. Our results indicate more conservative upper limits for $r$ with profile likelihoods compared to Bayesian credible intervals, highlighting the influence of prior selection and volume effects. The profile likelihood for $n_t$ shows that the current data do not provide sufficient information to derive quantitative bounds, unless extra assumptions on $r$ are used. Additionally, we conduct a 2D profile likelihood analysis of $r$ and $n_t$, indicating a closer agreement between both statistical methods for the largest values of $r$. This study not only updates our understanding of the tensor perturbations but also highlights the importance of employing both statistical methods to explore less constrained parameters, crucial for future explorations in cosmology.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables; Conclusions unchanged; Added Appendix C; Coherent with published version