cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Okeniella gorodkovi Ozerov 2006
Creators: name: Šifner, František
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Okeniella
Okeniella gorodkovi

description: Okeniella gorodkovi Ozerov, 2006
 Okeniella gorodkovi Ozerov, 2006: 336. HOLOTYPE: J, Russia, Altai Mts., Ukok plateau, lake Kal’dzin-Kul’and Kal’dzin-Kul’-Bas, 2400 m a.s.l., 20.vii.2006, T. Novgorodova leg. (SZMN).
 Distribution. Russia – East Siberia (OZEROV 2006: 336)
description: Published as part of Šifner, František, 2008, A catalogue of the Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Palaearctic region, with notes on their taxonomy and faunistics, pp. 111-196 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1) on page 144, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5342493
THE INTEGRATION OF THEORY AND PRACTICE: ITS HISTORY AND AN APPLICATION TO THE UNITED STATES
Creators: name: Itzkowitz, Gary
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Sociologists who engage in theoretical debate are often hard pressed to produce applications of their theories. At the same time political activists have engaged in political activity without a thorough understanding of theoretical principles. Historically sociologists have vigorously debated the proper unit of analysis when combining research with the reality of concrete events. One school of thought that emerged from this debate, Marxism, concludes that a sociological methodology must contain three basic elements; first, an ideological framework from which the method is based; second, a scientific method which concretely categorizes sub-elements of the ideological framework into an understandable political economy; and third, an analysis of political practice which is derived from, and at the same time can alter, conclusions of the first two elements. The advantage of Marxist methodology rests in its ability to integrate social, political and economic factors. It is through this integration of theory and practice that the structure of society is objectified and a constructive political practice made possible. The body of this dissertation is an attempt to evaluate the dynamics of the relationship of theory and practice relevant to both macro-sociologists and political activists in two ways: first, in understanding the sociological heritage of prior attempts at integrating theory and practice; and second, by beginning a discussion of how theory and practice may be integrated in modern America. Part I of this work describes in some detail the theoretical, economic and political debates that have occupied major Marxists of the past. It also carries out an educational function by showing what the integration of theory and practice entails, and suggests pitfalls where prior attempts have failed. Part II of this study begins the process required for the integration of theory and practice in the United States. To accomplish this task it is necessary to adapt Marx's political economy to present developments and critique political strategy as it is being practiced in the United States.
THE INTEGRATION OF THEORY AND PRACTICE: ITS HISTORY AND AN APPLICATION TO THE UNITED STATES
Creators: name: Itzkowitz, Gary
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4410
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Sociologists who engage in theoretical debate are often hard pressed to produce applications of their theories. At the same time political activists have engaged in political activity without a thorough understanding of theoretical principles. Historically sociologists have vigorously debated the proper unit of analysis when combining research with the reality of concrete events. One school of thought that emerged from this debate, Marxism, concludes that a sociological methodology must contain three basic elements; first, an ideological framework from which the method is based; second, a scientific method which concretely categorizes sub-elements of the ideological framework into an understandable political economy; and third, an analysis of political practice which is derived from, and at the same time can alter, conclusions of the first two elements. The advantage of Marxist methodology rests in its ability to integrate social, political and economic factors. It is through this integration of theory and practice that the structure of society is objectified and a constructive political practice made possible. The body of this dissertation is an attempt to evaluate the dynamics of the relationship of theory and practice relevant to both macro-sociologists and political activists in two ways: first, in understanding the sociological heritage of prior attempts at integrating theory and practice; and second, by beginning a discussion of how theory and practice may be integrated in modern America. Part I of this work describes in some detail the theoretical, economic and political debates that have occupied major Marxists of the past. It also carries out an educational function by showing what the integration of theory and practice entails, and suggests pitfalls where prior attempts have failed. Part II of this study begins the process required for the integration of theory and practice in the United States. To accomplish this task it is necessary to adapt Marx's political economy to present developments and critique political strategy as it is being practiced in the United States.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE TUITION TAX CREDIT PROPOSAL FOR HIGHER EDUCATION
Creators: name: Kennedy-Keel, Franmarie Theresa
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: The higher education tuition tax credit remains a popular form of federal assistance legislation in both the Congress and the present Administration. In light of this base of support for the tuition tax credit, successful enactment of a higher education tuition tax credit appears to be a real possibility. Since the future of higher education depends heavily upon continued federal funding, potential federal assistance legislation such as the higher education tuition tax credit is of significant importance to higher education. The purpose of this study was to analyze the perceived implications of the higher education tuition tax credit for both public and private higher education. A document analysis was employed to categorize, tabulate, and measure the main issues associated with the tuition tax credit which were identified from the available tuition tax credit literature. The primary focus of the study was to analyze the perceived implications of the higher education tax credit on both public and private institutions. The secondary focus was to analyze the proponent and opponent arguments to ascertain their significance to the tuition tax credit issue. Five main issues were identified and surveyed: Constitutionality, Access and Opportunity in Higher Education, Economic Effects of the Tuition Tax Credit on Higher Education, Comprehensive Effects of the Tuition Tax Credit on Higher Education, and Alternative Methods to the Tuition Tax Credit. The following conclusions were drawn from the study: (1) The constitutionality of the higher education tuition tax credit will be upheld by the Supreme Court. (2) The tuition tax credit will provide an efficient, easily administered, accountable, and controllable financial aid program which provides a tax incentive encouraging students to pay a portion of their educational expenses. (3) The tuition tax credit will not significantly affect either negatively or positively higher education because it is merely a tax incentive plan. To the extent that the tuition tax credit fulfills its purpose of encouraging students to pay a portion of their educational costs, the tuition tax credit will have a positive but minor effect on higher education.
An investigation into low­‐flow showerheads in Place Vanier's Tec de Monterrey Residence
Creators: name: Chen, Brian
name: Tang, William
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This report provides insight to UBC Student Housing and Hospitality Services about possible alternative showerheads for Place Vanier’s Tec de Monterrey to decrease water consumption whilst providing a satisfactory experience to students living as residents. This report builds on previously conducted reports of showerheads and provides alternatives that are more affordable and provide long term benefits. Viability of shower heads will be assessed through a Triple Bottom Line (TBL) assessment. A TBL assessment evaluates the environmental, social, and economic impacts of each alternative. The report compares three proposed alternative shower heads: the Niagara Earth Massage, WaterPik Model ETC-411, and American Standard 1660.710.002 to the current replacement showerhead Delta RP44809BN. To assess environmental impacts, an estimate of average water consumption of each shower head is provided; the social impacts are determined through a satisfaction survey offered to TDM residents. The economic impacts are estimated using a life cycle cost analysis of each shower head. The TBL analysis has determined that the American Standard 1660.710.002 has the most balanced performance compared to all other alternatives. Analysis of survey results and the TBL assessment agree with this result. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Hamilton-Jacobi formalism of the massive Yang-Mills theory revisited
Creators: name: Baleanu, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Hamilton-Jacobi formalism we investigated the massive Yang-Mills theory on both extended and reduced phase-space. The integrability conditions were discussed and the actions were calculated.
description: LATEX, 8 pages
Estimating and modeling relative survival
Creators: name: Dickman, Paul W.
name: Coviello, Enzo
name: Dickman, Paul W.
name: Coviello, Enzo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: strs
subject: excess mortality
subject: relative survival
subject: survival analysis
subject: Poisson regression
subject: life table
subject: cancer survival
subject: period analysis

description: When estimating patient survival using data collected by population-based cancer registries, it is common to estimate net survival in a relative-survival framework. Net survival can be estimated using the relative-survival ratio, which is the ratio of the observed survival of the patients (where all deaths are considered events) to the expected survival of a comparable group from the general population. In this article, we describe a command, strs, for life-table estimation of relative survival. We discuss three methods for estimating expected survival, as well as the cohort, period, and hybrid approaches for estimating relative survival. We also implement a life-table version of the Pohar Perme (2012, Biometrics 68: 113–120) estimator of net survival, and we describe two methods for age standardization. We also explain how, in addition to net probabilities of death, crude probabilities of death due to cancer and due to other causes can be estimated using the method of Cronin and Feuer (2000, Statistics in Medicine 19: 1729–1740). We conclude this article with discussion and examples of modeling excess mortality using various approaches, including the full-likelihood approach (using the ml command) and Poisson regression (using the glm command with a user-specified link function).
Two-Stream Aural-Visual Affect Analysis in the Wild
Creators: name: Kuhnke, Felix
name: Rumberg, Lars
name: Ostermann, Jörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.5; I.4.9

description: Human affect recognition is an essential part of natural human-computer interaction. However, current methods are still in their infancy, especially for in-the-wild data. In this work, we introduce our submission to the Affective Behavior Analysis in-the-wild (ABAW) 2020 competition. We propose a two-stream aural-visual analysis model to recognize affective behavior from videos. Audio and image streams are first processed separately and fed into a convolutional neural network. Instead of applying recurrent architectures for temporal analysis we only use temporal convolutions. Furthermore, the model is given access to additional features extracted during face-alignment. At training time, we exploit correlations between different emotion representations to improve performance. Our model achieves promising results on the challenging Aff-Wild2 database.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, Face and Gesture 2020 Workshop Paper (ABAW2020 competition)
A robust test for weak instruments in Stata
Creators: name: Pflueger, Carolin E.
name: Wang, Su
name: Pflueger, Carolin E.
name: Wang, Su
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: weakivtest
subject: F statistic
subject: heteroskedasticity
subject: autocorrelation
subject: clustered
subject: weak instruments
subject: testing

description: We introduce a routine, weakivtest, that implements the test for weak instruments by Montiel Olea and Pflueger (2013, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics 31: 358–369). weakivtest allows for errors that are not conditionally homoskedastic and serially uncorrelated. It extends the Stock and Yogo (2005, Testing for weak instruments in linear IV regression. In Identification and Inference for Econometric Models: Essays in Honor of Thomas Rothenberg, ed. D. W. K. Andrews and J. J. Stock, 80–108. [Cambridge University Press]) weak-instrument tests available in ivreg2 and in the ivregress postestimation command estat firststage. weakivtest tests the null hypothesis that instruments are weak or that the estimator’s Nagar (1959, Econometrica 27: 575–595) bias is large relative to a benchmark for both two-stage least-squares estimation and limited-information maximum likelihood with one endogenous regressor. The routine can accommodate Eicker–Huber–White heteroskedasticity robust estimates, Newey and West (1987, Econometrica 55: 703–708) heteroskedasticity- and autocorrelation-consistent estimates, and clustered variance estimates.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE TUITION TAX CREDIT PROPOSAL FOR HIGHER EDUCATION
Creators: name: Kennedy-Keel, Franmarie Theresa
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The higher education tuition tax credit remains a popular form of federal assistance legislation in both the Congress and the present Administration. In light of this base of support for the tuition tax credit, successful enactment of a higher education tuition tax credit appears to be a real possibility. Since the future of higher education depends heavily upon continued federal funding, potential federal assistance legislation such as the higher education tuition tax credit is of significant importance to higher education. The purpose of this study was to analyze the perceived implications of the higher education tuition tax credit for both public and private higher education. A document analysis was employed to categorize, tabulate, and measure the main issues associated with the tuition tax credit which were identified from the available tuition tax credit literature. The primary focus of the study was to analyze the perceived implications of the higher education tax credit on both public and private institutions. The secondary focus was to analyze the proponent and opponent arguments to ascertain their significance to the tuition tax credit issue. Five main issues were identified and surveyed: Constitutionality, Access and Opportunity in Higher Education, Economic Effects of the Tuition Tax Credit on Higher Education, Comprehensive Effects of the Tuition Tax Credit on Higher Education, and Alternative Methods to the Tuition Tax Credit. The following conclusions were drawn from the study: (1) The constitutionality of the higher education tuition tax credit will be upheld by the Supreme Court. (2) The tuition tax credit will provide an efficient, easily administered, accountable, and controllable financial aid program which provides a tax incentive encouraging students to pay a portion of their educational expenses. (3) The tuition tax credit will not significantly affect either negatively or positively higher education because it is merely a tax incentive plan. To the extent that the tuition tax credit fulfills its purpose of encouraging students to pay a portion of their educational costs, the tuition tax credit will have a positive but minor effect on higher education.
COMPETENCE, CONFORMITY, AND PERFORMANCE EXPECTATIONS: THE IMPACT OF GENDER AND SEX ROLE
Creators: name: Rice, Carol Arlene
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The present study examined the effects of gender, competence, sex role, and group surveillance on conformity. The BSRI (Bem, 1974) was used to measure subjects' sex role. Masculine, feminine, and androgynous subjects, randomly assigned to a high- or low-competence condition, were exposed to two conformity inductions, once with and once without group surveillance. Low-competent and feminine subjects conformed significantly more than other subjects. No other main effects or interactions had a significant effect on conformity. However, the competence manipulation was subject to both gender and sex-role effects. Results are discussed in light of recent research on sex differences in conformity, moral development, and expectations for success.
Okeniella stackelbergeri Gorodkov 1967
Creators: name: Šifner, František
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Okeniella
Okeniella stackelbergeri

description: Okeniella stackelbergeri Gorodkov, 1967
 Okeniella stackelbergeri Gorodkov, 1967:448. HOLOTYPE: J, Russia, East Siberia, East Sayan, Tunkinskiye Mts., N from Mondy, 22.vii.1965, 2500 m a.s.l., swamp, Gorodkov leg. (ZMAS).
 Distribution. Russia – East Siberia (GORODKOV 1967: 448).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František, 2008, A catalogue of the Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Palaearctic region, with notes on their taxonomy and faunistics, pp. 111-196 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1) on page 144, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5342493
Vortices with magnetic field inversion in noncentrosymmetric superconductors
Creators: name: Garaud, Julien
name: Chernodub, Maxim N.
name: Kharzeev, Dmitri E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting materials with noncentrosymmetric lattices lacking space inversion symmetry exhibit a variety of interesting parity-breaking phenomena, including the magneto-electric effect, spin-polarized currents, helical states, and the unusual Josephson effect. We demonstrate, within a Ginzburg-Landau framework describing noncentrosymmetric superconductors with $O$ point group symmetry, that vortices can exhibit an inversion of the magnetic field at a certain distance from the vortex core. In stark contrast to conventional superconducting vortices, the magnetic-field reversal in the parity-broken superconductor leads to non-monotonic intervortex forces, and, as a consequence, to the exotic properties of the vortex matter such as the formation of vortex bound states, vortex clusters, and the appearance of metastable vortex/anti-vortex bound states.
description: Added analytic expressions of the physical quantities in the London limit; Replaced with a version in print in Phys. Rev. B; 12 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 3 of A trans fatty acid substitute enhanced development of liver proliferative lesions induced in mice by feeding a choline-deficient, methionine-lowered, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet
Creators: name: Suzuki-Kemuriyama, Noriko
name: Abe, Akari
name: Uno, Kinuko
name: Ogawa, Shuji
name: Watanabe, Atsushi
name: Sano, Ryuhei
name: Yuki, Megumi
name: Miyajima, Katsuhiro
name: Nakae, Dai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Nonproliferative histopathological features at the week 26.
Global rigidity and exponential moments for soft and hard edge point processes
Creators: name: Charlier, Christophe
name: Claeys, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish sharp global rigidity upper bounds for universal determinantal point processes describing edge eigenvalues of random matrices. For this, we first obtain a general result which can be applied to general (not necessarily determinantal) point processes which have a smallest (or largest) point: it allows to deduce global rigidity upper bounds from the exponential moments of the counting function of the process. By combining this with known exponential moment asymptotics for the Airy and Bessel point processes, we improve on the best known upper bounds for the global rigidity of the Airy point process, and we obtain new global rigidity results for the Bessel point process. Secondly, we obtain exponential moment asymptotics for the Wright's generalized Bessel process and the Meijer-$\mathrm{G}$ process, up to and including the constant term. As a direct consequence, we obtain new results for the expectation and variance of the associated counting functions. Furthermore, by combining these asymptotics with our general rigidity theorem, we obtain new global rigidity upper bounds for these point processes.
description: 53 pages, 9 figures
Flat linear connections in terms of flat linear transports in tensor bundles
Creators: name: Iliev, Bozhidar Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C99 (Primary) 53B99, 57R35 (Secondary)

description: The parallel linear transports defined by flat linear connection are axiomatically described. On this basis a number of properties, some of which are new, of these transports and connections are derived.
description: 15 LaTeX pages. For related papers, visit the "publication" pages at http://theo.inrne.bas.bg/~bozho/
Paracosmetopus helleni Hackman 1956
Creators: name: Šifner, František
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Paracosmetopus
Paracosmetopus helleni

description: Paracosmetopus helleni Hackman, 1956
 Paracosmetopus helleni Hackman, 1956: 26. HOLOTYPE: J, Russia, European part, Kola peninsula, Kusomen [= Kuzomen], W. Hellén leg. (MZHF).
 Distribution. Czech Republic (ŠIFNER 2003a: 43); Russia – European Russia (GORODKOV 1986: 25).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František, 2008, A catalogue of the Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Palaearctic region, with notes on their taxonomy and faunistics, pp. 111-196 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5342493
Supplementary Materials - Efficient vasculature investment in tissues can be determined without global information.pdf
Creators: name: Duran-Nebreda, Salva
name: Bassel, George
name: Johnston, Iain G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Computational Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60114 Systems Biology

description: Description of a diffusion based alternative to vasculature formation models, expanded discussion on local vs non-local methods used in the main text.
COMPETENCE, CONFORMITY, AND PERFORMANCE EXPECTATIONS: THE IMPACT OF GENDER AND SEX ROLE
Creators: name: Rice, Carol Arlene
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology

description: The present study examined the effects of gender, competence, sex role, and group surveillance on conformity. The BSRI (Bem, 1974) was used to measure subjects' sex role. Masculine, feminine, and androgynous subjects, randomly assigned to a high- or low-competence condition, were exposed to two conformity inductions, once with and once without group surveillance. Low-competent and feminine subjects conformed significantly more than other subjects. No other main effects or interactions had a significant effect on conformity. However, the competence manipulation was subject to both gender and sex-role effects. Results are discussed in light of recent research on sex differences in conformity, moral development, and expectations for success.
Paracosmetopus Hackman 1956
Creators: name: Šifner, František
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Paracosmetopus

description: Paracosmetopus Hackman, 1956
 Paracosmetopus Hackman, 1956: 26. Type species: Paracosmetopus helleni Hackman, 1956: 26; by original designation.
description: Published as part of Šifner, František, 2008, A catalogue of the Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Palaearctic region, with notes on their taxonomy and faunistics, pp. 111-196 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5342493
Additional file 1 of A trans fatty acid substitute enhanced development of liver proliferative lesions induced in mice by feeding a choline-deficient, methionine-lowered, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet
Creators: name: Suzuki-Kemuriyama, Noriko
name: Abe, Akari
name: Uno, Kiniko
name: Ogawa, Shuji
name: Watanabe, Atsushi
name: Sano, Ryuhei
name: Yuki, Megumi
name: Miyajima, Katsuhiro
name: Nakae, Dai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Compositions of experimental diets used in this study.
Outer-magnetospheric model for Vela-like pulsars:formation of sub-GeV spectrum
Creators: name: Takata, J.
name: Shibata, S.
name: Hirtotani, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the $γ$-ray emission from a outer-gap accelerator, which is located in the outer-magnetosphere of a pulsar. The charge depletion from the Goldreich-Julian density causes a large electric field along the magnetic field lines. The electric field accelerates electrons and positrons to high energies. We solve the formation of the electric field self-consistently with the radiation and the pair-creation processes in one-dimensional geometry along the magnetic field lines, and calculate curvature spectrum to compare with the observations. We find that because the particles escape from the accelerating region with large Lorentz factors as $10^{7.5}$, curvature radiation from the outside of the gap, in which there is no electric field, still has a important contribution to the spectrum. Including the outside emission, the model spectra are improved between 100 MeV and 1 GeV for the Vela-type pulsars. Since the field line curvature close to the light cylinder affects the spectrum in several hundred MeV, there is a possibility to diagnose the field structure by using the spectrum in these bands. The difference found in the $γ$-ray spectra of the twin pulsars, PSR B0833-45 (Vela) and B1706-44, is deduced from the dimensionless electric current running through the gap. The extension to the three-dimensional modeling with self-consistent electrodynamics is necessary to understand the difference in the observed flux between the twin pulsars.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A GENERAL APPROACH TO THE MISSING DATA PROBLEM
Creators: name: Samuhel, Michael Edward
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences
classificationCode: 4905
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Survey data are often subject to item nonresponse; that is, a response is recorded for some but not all items in a unit. It is well known that if the values are missing at random, then only a slight penalty in terms of increased standard error is incurred by ignoring the missing data. If the missing at random assumption is not valid, as is often the case, then substantial penalty in terms of bias is incurred. This work shows how maximum likelihood estimators can sometimes be found when the item nonresponse is nonignorable. The distribution of the values for the item subject to nonresponse is modeled by assuming a prior probability distribution for the population and a probability of nonresponse conditional on the value of the item. The product of the prior distribution and the conditional distribution is the joint distribution of the item and a random variable indicating whether or not the value is recorded. This joint distribution is defined for every unit. When the value is not recorded, the joint distribution becomes the marginal probability of nonresponse. Assuming the items are independent and identically distributed, the likelihood function is the product of the joint probabilities associated with each unit. This approach is shown to be general in several senses: it is equally applicable to both response and sampling mechanisms; it may be used with any prior or conditional distribution; it applies equally well to multivariate data; and it allows for a test of the missing at random assumption. This approach requires, however, that one know enough about the data to model the conditional probability of nonresponse. Other methods developed for modeling censoring at a fixed known or unknown censoring point are special cases. Simulations and an application to the well known Current Population Survey show the maximum likelihood estimates to have good statistical properties provided the random censoring occurs on only one side of the probability distribution. In relatively small samples the estimators are approximately normally distributed, and they are robust against both lack of normality and outliers.
Evolution of MU69 from a binary planetesimal into contact by Kozai-Lidov oscillations and nebular drag
Creators: name: Lyra, Wladimir
name: Youdin, Andrew N.
name: Johansen, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The New Horizons flyby of the cold classical Kuiper Belt object MU69 showed it to be a contact binary. The existence of other contact binaries in the 1-10km range raises the question of how common these bodies are and how they evolved into contact. Here we consider that the lobes of MU69 formed as a binary in the Solar nebula, and calculate its orbital evolution in the presence of gas. We find that the sub-Keplerian wind of the disk brings the drag timescales for 10km bodies under 1 Myr for quadratic-velocity drag. In the Kuiper belt, however, the drag is linear with velocity and the effect of the wind cancels out as the angular momentum gained in half an orbit is lost in the other half: the drag timescales for 10 km bodies remain over 10 Myr. In this situation we find that a combination of drag and Kozai-Lidov oscillations is a promising channel for collapse. We analytically solve the hierarchical three-body problem with drag and implement it into a Kozai plus tidal friction model. The permanent quadrupoles of the lobes make the Kozai oscillations stochastic, and as drag shrinks the semimajor axis it more easily allows the fluctuations to bring the system into contact. Evolution to contact happens very rapidly (within $10^4$ yr) in the pure, double-average quadrupole, Kozai region between $\approx 85-95^\circ$, and within 3 Myr in the drag-assisted region beyond it. The synergy between $J_2$ and gas drag widens the window of contact to 80-100$^\circ$ initial inclination, over a larger range of semimajor axes. As such, the model predicts an initial contact binary fraction of about 10\% for the cold classicals in the Kuiper belt. The speed at contact deviates from the escape velocity only because of the oblateness. For MU69, the contact velocity should be 3.3-4.2 m/s, in line with the observational evidence from the lack of deformation features and estimate of the tensile strength.
description: 13 pages (main article) + 15 pg appendix; 14 figures. Accepted by Icarus. To appear in Icarus' special issue on Arrokoth. Proof published online on May 22nd, 2020, at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001910352030213X?via%3Dihub
Mapping stationary axisymmetric phase-space distribution functions by orbit libraries
Creators: name: Thomas, J.
name: Saglia, R. P.
name: Bender, R.
name: Thomas, D.
name: Gebhardt, K.
name: Magorrian, J.
name: Richstone, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the first of a series of papers dedicated to unveil the mass composition and dynamical structure of a sample of flattened early type galaxies in the Coma cluster. We describe our modifications to the Schwarzschild code of Richstone et al. (in preparation). Applying a Voronoi tessellation in the surface of section we are able to assign accurate phase-space volumes to individual orbits and to reconstruct the full three-integral phase-space distribution function (DF) of any axisymmetric orbit library. Two types of tests have been performed to check the accuracy with which DFs can be represented by appropriate orbit libraries. First, by mapping DFs of spherical gamma-models and flattened Plummer models on to the library we show that the resulting line-of-sight velocity distributions and internal velocity moments of the library match those directly derived from the DF to a precision better than that of present day observational errors. Second, by fitting libraries to the projected kinematics of the same DFs we show that the distribution function reconstructed from the fitted library matches the input DF to a rms of about 15 per cent over a region in phase-space covering 90 per cent of the mass of the library. The achieved accuracy allows us to implement effective entropy-based regularisation to fit real, noisy and spatially incomplete data.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Pogonota Zetterstedt 1860
Creators: name: Šifner, František
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Pogonota

description: Pogonota Zetterstedt, 1860
 Pogonota Zetterstedt, 1860: 6333. Type species: Cordylura hircus Zetterstedt, 1838: 735; subsequent designation by BECKER (1894: 138).
description: Published as part of Šifner, František, 2008, A catalogue of the Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Palaearctic region, with notes on their taxonomy and faunistics, pp. 111-196 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5342493
A GENERAL APPROACH TO THE MISSING DATA PROBLEM
Creators: name: Samuhel, Michael Edward
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Survey data are often subject to item nonresponse; that is, a response is recorded for some but not all items in a unit. It is well known that if the values are missing at random, then only a slight penalty in terms of increased standard error is incurred by ignoring the missing data. If the missing at random assumption is not valid, as is often the case, then substantial penalty in terms of bias is incurred. This work shows how maximum likelihood estimators can sometimes be found when the item nonresponse is nonignorable. The distribution of the values for the item subject to nonresponse is modeled by assuming a prior probability distribution for the population and a probability of nonresponse conditional on the value of the item. The product of the prior distribution and the conditional distribution is the joint distribution of the item and a random variable indicating whether or not the value is recorded. This joint distribution is defined for every unit. When the value is not recorded, the joint distribution becomes the marginal probability of nonresponse. Assuming the items are independent and identically distributed, the likelihood function is the product of the joint probabilities associated with each unit. This approach is shown to be general in several senses: it is equally applicable to both response and sampling mechanisms; it may be used with any prior or conditional distribution; it applies equally well to multivariate data; and it allows for a test of the missing at random assumption. This approach requires, however, that one know enough about the data to model the conditional probability of nonresponse. Other methods developed for modeling censoring at a fixed known or unknown censoring point are special cases. Simulations and an application to the well known Current Population Survey show the maximum likelihood estimates to have good statistical properties provided the random censoring occurs on only one side of the probability distribution. In relatively small samples the estimators are approximately normally distributed, and they are robust against both lack of normality and outliers.
VALIDATING A GROUP INTERVIEW PROCEDURE FOR THE SELECTION OF TEACHER-EDUCATION CANDIDATES IN ISRAEL
Creators: name: Shechtman, Zipora
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this study was the validation of a group interview as a technique for the selection of students into a teacher-training program in Israel. It was hypothesized that this procedure would significantly predict teacher-evaluation ratings and would be more effective than the existing tools. The group procedure was designed essentially as a semi-structured interview and included a leaderless group discussion and a feedback process. It was designed to assess certain aspects of intelligence, interpersonal interaction, intrapersonal attributes, and motivation. The study sample included 143 graduates of the Gordon Teacher-Training College in Israel in the years 1982 and 1983. Of these, 97 took part in the group interview at the time of admission and 46 applicants were interviewed individually. Single and multiple correlations were calculated among all independent variables (I.Q. Test, 16 PF, Bagrut, the individual interview, and the group interview) and the dependent variables (practice teaching evaluation; college G.P.A. and the evaluation of motivation, human interaction, and leadership skills). Also, a factor analysis of interview ratings was calculated to determine the underlying factors of the group interview. Finally, the inter-rater reliability was measured. The results indicated that the group interview was the best available predictor of success in teaching. It was capable of significantly predicting future success and discriminating significantly between the acceptable and the non-acceptable students. It was particularly effective in identifying the best candidates. The I.Q. test showed no significantly predictive ability, and the Bagrut contributed significantly only to the prediction of G.P.A. A combination of several scales of the 16 PF also significantly predicted future success. The best prediction was obtained from a combination of both the group interview and the 16 PF. In general, this study indicates that certain aspects of intelligence and interpersonal interaction are the central components of effective teaching. Both are evaluated more effectively through the group procedure than by traditional admission procedures. The implications of this study go beyond the selection of candidates to this particular program to the selection procedures of similar programs, as well as to the re-evaluation of teacher-training programs.
title: Drone-Based Localization of Hazardous Chemicals by Passive Smart Dust
Creators: name: Nerger, Tino
name: Neumann, Patrick P.
name: Weller, Michael G.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: passive smart dust
subject: remote sensing
subject: drone
subject: UAV
subject: hazard
subject: optical detection
subject: chemosensor
subject: pH indicator
subject: paper-based sensors
subject: confetti-like sensor
subject: harmful chemicals
subject: accidents
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften
subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten

description: The distribution of tiny sensors over a specific area was first proposed in the late 1990s as a concept known as smart dust. Several efforts focused primarily on computing and networking capabilities, but quickly ran into problems related to power supply, cost, data transmission, and environmental pollution. To overcome these limitations, we propose using paper-based (confetti-like) chemosensors that exploit the inherent selectivity of chemical reagents, such as colorimetric indicators. In this work, cheap and biodegradable passive sensors made from cellulose could successfully indicate the presence of hazardous chemicals, e.g., strong acids, by a significant color change. A conventional color digital camera attached to a drone could easily detect this from a safe distance. The collected data were processed to define the hazardous area. Our work presents a combination of the smart dust concept, chemosensing, paper-based sensor technology, and low-cost drones for flexible, sensitive, economical, and rapid detection of hazardous chemicals in high-risk scenarios.
Regression models for count data from truncated distributions
Creators: name: Hardin, James W.
name: Hilbe, Joseph M.
name: Hardin, James W.
name: Hilbe, Joseph M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: trncregress
subject: truncation
subject: generalized Poisson
subject: negative binomial
subject: Poisson-inverse Gaussian
subject: Famoye
subject: Waring
subject: PIG
subject: NB-P
subject: NB-F

description: We present new commands for analyzing count-data regression models for truncated distributions. The trncregress command allows specification of a regression model for the mean of the truncated distribution through options. In addition to support for truncated Poisson and negative binomial, trncregress fits models based on truncated versions of distributions including generalized Poisson, Poisson-inverse Gaussian, three-parameter negative binomial power, three-parameter Waring negative binomial, and three-parameter Famoye negative binomial.
Additional file 5 of A trans fatty acid substitute enhanced development of liver proliferative lesions induced in mice by feeding a choline-deficient, methionine-lowered, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet
Creators: name: Suzuki-Kemuriyama, Noriko
name: Abe, Akari
name: Uno, Kinuko
name: Ogawa, Shuji
name: Watanabe, Atsushi
name: Sano, Ryuhei
name: Yuki, Megumi
name: Miyajima, Katsuhiro
name: Nakae, Dai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S3. Primary antibody list and specifications
Staegeria Rondani 1856
Creators: name: Šifner, František
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Scathophagidae
Staegeria

description: Staegeria Rondani, 1856
 Staegeria Rondani, 1856: 99. Type species: Cordylura kunzei Zetterstedt, 1821: 263; by original designation.
description: Published as part of Šifner, František, 2008, A catalogue of the Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Palaearctic region, with notes on their taxonomy and faunistics, pp. 111-196 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1) on page 146, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5342493
Controlling in-gap end states by linking nonmagnetic atoms and artificially-constructed spin chains on superconductors
Creators: name: Schneider, Lucas
name: Brinker, Sascha
name: Steinbrecher, Manuel
name: Hermenau, Jan
name: Posske, Thore
name: Dias, Manuel dos Santos
name: Lounis, Samir
name: Wiesendanger, Roland
name: Wiebe, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chains of magnetic atoms with either strong spin-orbit coupling or spiral magnetic order which are proximity-coupled to superconducting substrates can host topologically non-trivial Majorana bound states. The experimental signature of these states consists of spectral weight at the Fermi energy and spatially localized near the ends of the chain. However, topologically trivial Yu-Shiba-Rusinov in-gap states localized near the ends of the chain can lead to similar spectra. Here, we explore a protocol to disentangle these contributions by artificially augmenting a candidate Majorana spin chain with orbitally-compatible nonmagnetic atoms. Combining scanning tunneling spectroscopy with ab-initio and tight-binding calculations, we realize a sharp spatial transition between the proximity-coupled spiral magnetic order and the non-magnetic superconducting wire termination, with persistent zero-energy spectral weight localized at either end of the magnetic spiral. Our findings open a new path towards the control of the spatial position of in-gap end states, trivial or Majorana, via different chain terminations, and the realization of designer Majorana chain networks for demonstrating topological quantum computation.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures