cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of green tea, its polyphenols and nanoformulation in experimental colitis and the role of non-canonical and canonical nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kB) pathway: a preclinical in-vivo and in-silico exploratory study
Creators: name: Shoban Babu Varthya
name: Phulen Sarma
name: Bhatia, Alka
name: Nishant Shekhar
name: Prajapat, Manisha
name: Kaur, Hardeep
name: Pugazhenthan Thangaraju
name: Subodh Kumar
name: Singh, Rahul
name: Siingh, Ashutosh
name: Prakash, Ajay
name: Medhi, Bikash
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: NF-kB plays a major role in the aetiopathogenesis of inflammatory-colitis. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of green tea and its polyphenols and their nanoformulation in Tri-Nitro Benzene Sulfonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis in in-vivo system (Rat) and the involvement of non-canonical and canonical NF-kB pathway in green tea mediated protection (in-silico platform). We used the Wister rat model of TNBS-induced colitis. Rats were grouped into eleven groups (six animals each) and administered vehicle (ethanol), TNBS, Epicatechin (EC), Epigallocatechin (EGC), Epicatechin-gallate (ECG), Epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG), sulfasalazine, green tea, EGCG + sulfasalazine, nano-EGCG and nano-EGCG + sulfasalazine for 14 days after induction of colitis. Colonic tissue was evaluated for the level of malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase activity, catalase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, NF-κB and morphological and histopathological evidence of damage. In the in-silico part, molecular docking and dynamic simulation study of EGCG was done against different targets in NF-kB for detailed evaluation of the role of non-canonical and canonical NF-KB pathway. In our study, EGCG reduced colonic inflammation, markers of oxidative stress, TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-1β and IL-6. Nano-EGCG + sulfasalazine was more efficacious when compared to EGCG + sulfasalazine. In molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies, EGCG showed a good binding profile to the inhibitor binding sites of IKK-beta, IKK-alpha and NIK. Thus, it can be concluded that EGCG showed protective action in experimental colitis acting through both non-canonical and canonical NF-kB pathway. Nano-EGCG + sulfasalazine combination showed better protection than nano-EGCG alone. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Two-loop HTL-resummed thermodynamics for N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Du, Qianqian
name: Strickland, Michael
name: Tantary, Ubaid
name: Zhang, Ben-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the two-loop hard-thermal-loop (HTL) resummed thermodynamic potential for N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM). Our final result is manifestly gauge-invariant and was renormalized using only simple vacuum energy, gluon mass, scalar mass, and quark mass counter terms. The HTL mass parameters m_D, M_D, and m_q are then determined self-consistently using a variational prescription which results in a set of coupled gap equations. Based on this, we obtain the two-loop HTL-resummed thermodynamic functions of N=4 SYM. We compare our final result with known results obtained in the weak- and strong-coupling limits. We also compare to previously obtained approximately self-consistent HTL resummations and Padé approximants. We find that the two-loop HTL resummed results for the scaled entropy density is a quantitatively reliable approximation to the scaled entropy density for 0 <= lambda
description: 38 pages, 7 figures
LARGE SCALE CLOSED COOPERATIVE SWINE PRODUCTION UNDER UNCERTAINTY
Creators: name: Poray, Michael C.
name: Ginder, Roger G.
name: Poray, Michael C.
name: Ginder, Roger G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: We evaluate returns from establishing closed (defined membership) cooperatives owned by grain producers to produce hogs in Iowa. Using a computer simulated production model incorporating biological factors and statistical techniques we model uncertainty of production and market environment. Using a MOTAD model, an efficient Expected Income-Mean Absolute Income Deviation (E-A) frontier is developed for the proposed closed swine production cooperatives.
Upper bounds on the compactness at the innermost light ring of anisotropic horizonless spheres
Creators: name: Peng, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the background of isotropic horizonless spheres, Hod recently provided an analytical proof of a bound on the compactness at the innermost light ring with the dominant energy and non-negative trace conditions. In this work, we extend the discussion of isotropic spheres to anisotropic spheres. With the same dominant energy and non-negative trace conditions, we prove that Hod's bound also holds in the case of anisotropic horizonless spheres.
description: 7 pages
IMMIGRATION, MEAT PACKING, AND TRADE: IMPLICATIONS FOR IOWA
Creators: name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Miranowski, John A.
name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Miranowski, John A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Labor and Human Capital
Livestock Production/Industries

description: For a postscript copy of this paper, click here. The paper examines changes in employment and wage patterns, industrial restructuring, and foreign competition that affect opportunities of recent immigrants to the non-metropolitan Midwest, especially to Iowa. The focus is on food and kindred products where meat and poultry packing and processing are major components. Although total employment in this industry declined between 1980 and 1990, a significant increase in employment of Hispanic- and Asian- origin persons occurred in Iowa. As unions weakened and the real wage rate declined sharply during 1980-85 in meat and poultry packing and processing, new job opportunities for recent immigrants became available. These jobs provided full-time year-round work at significantly above the minimum wage and made regular schooling for their children and frequently home ownership possible. Note: Tables are not included in the PDF file--contact the authors for more information.
Workshop Summary: Experiment
Creators: name: Hicks, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A summary of experimental results from the Pentaquark 2004 Workshop held at the SPring-8 facility in Japan is given. New results from the LEPS collaboration are highlighted, and older results are reviewed. Non-observations are also discussed in light of theoretical estimates of possible $Θ^+$ production mechanisms. The problem of the narrow width and the parity of the $Θ^+$ are explored and point to future experimental work that is needed.
description: 8 pages, no figures, proceedings of the Pentaquark 2004 Workshop held at SPring-8 (Japan), July 2004
Assessment of absorbed power density and temperature rise for nonplanar body model under electromagnetic exposure above 6 GHz
Creators: name: Diao, Yinliang
name: Rashed, Essam A.
name: Hirata, Akimasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The averaged absorbed power density (APD) and temperature rise in body models with nonplanar surfaces were computed for electromagnetic exposure above 6 GHz. Different calculation schemes for the averaged APD were investigated. Additionally, a novel compensation method for correcting the heat convection rate on the air/skin interface in voxel human models was proposed and validated. The compensation method can be easily incorporated into bioheat calculations and does not require information regarding the normal direction of the boundary voxels, in contrast to a previously proposed method. The APD and temperature rise were evaluated using models of a two-dimensional cylinder and a three-dimensional partial forearm. The heating factor, which was defined as the ratio of the temperature rise to the APD, was calculated using different APD averaging schemes. Our computational results revealed different frequency and curvature dependences. For body models with curvature radii of >30 mm and at frequencies of >20 GHz, the differences in the heating factors among the APD schemes were small.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures
THE VIABILITY OF METHANE PRODUCTION BY ANAEROBIC DIGESTION ON IOWA SWINE FARMS
Creators: name: Ernst, Matthew
name: Rodecker, Jared
name: Luvaga, Ebby
name: Alexander, Terence
name: Kliebenstein, James B.
name: Miranowski, John A.
name: Ernst, Matthew
name: Rodecker, Jared
name: Luvaga, Ebby
name: Alexander, Terence
name: Kliebenstein, James B.
name: Miranowski, John A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Energy production and use has long been a major policy concern in Iowa. The 1990 Comprehensive Energy Plan for Iowa established two statewide goals around which current energy policy is structured: To meet all future demand for energy by increasing efficiency rather than supply; To increase the use of alternative energy resources from 2% of Iowa's total energy consumption to 5% by the year 2005 and 10% by 2015. While much of the current interest in Iowa concerning new applications of anaerobic digestion focuses on agriculture, the primary application of the process in the United States has been to treat wastewater from industrial sites. These applications include slaughterhouse, dairy and cheese, distillery, and starch production processes. This report begins with a general discussion of anaerobic digestion and then moves to two primary focal points: the first examining an anaerobic digester in a swine (livestock) production setting, and the second focusing on an anaerobic digester within a packing plant (industrial) setting. The report ends with a summary of key considerations in the viability of methane production by anaerobic digestion.
Effects of Time-Odd Components in Mean Field on Large Amplitude Collective Dynamics
Creators: name: Hinohara, Nobuo
name: Nakatsukasa, Takashi
name: Matsuo, Masayuki
name: Matsuyanagi, Kenichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the adiabatic self-consistent collective coordinate (ASCC) method to the multi-O(4) model and study collective mass (inertia function) of the many-body tunneling motion. Comparing results with those of the exact diagonalization, we show that the ASCC method succeeds in describing gradual change of excitation spectra from an anharmonic vibration about the spherical shape to a doublet pattern associated with a deformed double-well potential possessing the oblate-prolate symmetry. The collective mass is significantly increased by the quadrupole-pairing contribution to time-odd components of the moving mean field. In contrast, the cranking (Inglis-Belyaev) mass based on the constrained mean field, which ignores the time-odd components, is smaller than the ASCC mass and fails to reproduce the exact spectra.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures
Geometric variational approach to the dynamics of porous media filled with incompressible fluid
Creators: name: Farkhutdinov, Tagir
name: Gay-Balmaz, François
name: Putkaradze, Vakhtang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive the equations of motion for the dynamics of a porous media filled with an incompressible fluid. We use a variational approach with a Lagrangian written as the sum of terms representing the kinetic and potential energy of the elastic matrix, and the kinetic energy of the fluid, coupled through the constraint of incompressibility. As an illustration of the method, the equations of motion for both the elastic matrix and the fluid are derived in the spatial (Eulerian) frame. Such an approach is of relevance e.g. for biological problems, such as sponges in water, where the elastic porous media is highly flexible and the motion of the fluid has a 'primary' role in the motion of the whole system. We then analyze the linearized equations of motion describing the propagation of waves through the media. In particular, we derive the propagation of S-waves and P-waves in an isotropic media. We also analyze the stability criteria for the wave equations and show that they are equivalent to the physicality conditions of the elastic matrix. Finally, we show that the celebrated Biot's equations for waves in porous media are obtained for certain values of parameters in our models.
description: 34 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Acta Mechanica
SETTING EFFICIENT INCENTIVES FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH: LESSONS FROM PRINCIPAL-AGENT THEORY II
Creators: name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Just, Richard E.
name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Just, Richard E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: research management
subject: research incentives
subject: heterogenous ability
subject: agriculture
subject: principal-agent theory
subject: implicit contracting
subject: funding mechanisms

description: This paper presents one of the first systematic treatments of economic incentives in the management of academic research and major inefficiencies in common funding mechanisms. Building on well-known but unusual attributes of research whereby the research payoff is only the "best" of scientists' outputs, payoffs are highly uncertain, asymmetric information exists on scientists' effort, and scientists' are more risk averse than administrators, we consider how incentives should be structured to elicit optimal research effort and payoffs using a principal-agent model with heterogenous ability across scientists. We then conduct a systematic analysis of the implications from the model for the three major forms of agricultural experiment station funding--external grant programs, incentive contracts with outsiders, and formula/program funding. External competitive grant programs are shown to be a relatively inefficient funding mechanism.
The ASTRO-F Mission : Large Area Infrared Survey
Creators: name: Matsuhara, Hideo
name: Shibai, Hiroshi
name: Onaka, Takashi
name: Usui, Fumihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ASTRO-F is the first Japanese satellite mission dedicated for large area surveys in the infrared. The 69cm aperture telescope and scientific instruments are cooled to 6K by liquid Helium and mechanical coolers. During the expected mission life of more than 500 days, ASTRO-F will make the most advanced all-sky survey in the mid- to far-infrared since the Infrared astronomical Satellite (IRAS). The survey will be made in 6 wavebands and will include the first all sky survey at >100-160(mu)m. Deep imaging and spectroscopic surveys with pointed observations will also be carried out in 13 wavelength bands from 2-160(mu)m. ASTRO-F should detect more than a half million galaxies tracing the large-scale structure of the Universe out to redshifts of unity, detecting rare, exotic extraordinarily luminous objects at high redshift, numerous brown dwarfs, Vega-like stars, protostars, and will reveal the large-scale structure of nearby galactic star forming regions. ASTRO-F is a perfect complement to Spitzer Space Telescope in respect of its wide sky and wavelength coverage. Approximately 30 percent of pointed observations will be allocated to an open-time opportunity. Updated pre-flight ensitivities as well as the observation plan including the large-area surveys are described.
description: accepted for publication in Advances in Space Research, 15 pages, 7 Postscript figures, uses elsart.cls
Extrapolation of hydroxytyrosol and its analogues as potential anti-inflammatory agents
Creators: name: Kumar, Naresh
name: Gorai, Biswajit
name: Saurabh Gupta
name: , Shiva
name: Goel, Nidhi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Discovery of potential lead molecule is a challenging, and complex process which require lots of money, patience, and manpower. Human beings are using natural products, predominantly secondary metabolites, for this purpose since ancient time and they are still working on them as a potent source for drug discovery due to their wide structural diversity. Phenolic phytochemicals such as hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol are natural antioxidant and involved in many biological disease cure. Herein, we have carried out the quantum chemical calculations for conformational analysis, geometry optimization and computation of electronic as well as optical properties of hydroxytyrosol and its analogues (1a–1k) in terms of density functional theory by using Gaussian 09 program suite. The eventual charge transfer within the molecules has been confirmed by the analysis of frontier molecular orbitals. The molecular docking studies of 1a–1k with cyclooxygenase-2 showed the noticeable binding affinity as compared to other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs viz. aspirin, naproxen and celecoxib. Computation of pharmacokinetics and pharmacological properties confirmed the lead/drug like potential of these screened molecules. Furthermore, the molecular dynamics simulation of best three docked ligands (1f, 1h and 1k)-receptor complex and their binding free energy calculations reveals that these molecules bind in the catalytic cavity of cyclooxygenase-2 and found stable during the 100 ns of simulation. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Thermal conductivity of amorphous and crystalline GeTe thin film at high temperature: Experimental and theoretical study
Creators: name: Ghosh, Kanka
name: Kusiak, Andrzej
name: Noé, Pierre
name: Cyrille, Marie-Claire
name: Battaglia, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal transport properties bear a pivotal role in influencing the performance of phase change memory (PCM) devices, in which the PCM operation involves fast and reversible phase change between amorphous and crystalline phases. In this paper, we present a systematic experimental and theoretical study on the thermal conductivity of GeTe at high temperatures involving fast change from amorphous to crystalline phase upon heating. Modulated photothermal radiometry (MPTR) is used to experimentally determine thermal conductivity of GeTe at high temperatures in both amorphous and crystalline phases. Thermal boundary resistances are accurately taken into account for experimental consideration. To develop a concrete understanding of the underlying physical mechanism, rigorous and in-depth theoretical exercises are carried out. For this, first-principles density functional methods and linearized Boltzmann transport equations (LBTE) are employed using both direct and relaxation time based approach (RTA) and compared with that of the phenomenological Slack model. The amorphous phase experimental data has been described using the minimal thermal conductivity model with sufficient precision. The theoretical estimation involving direct solution and RTA method are found to retrieve well the trend of the experimental thermal conductivity for crystalline GeTe at high temperatures despite being slightly overestimated and underestimated, respectively, compared to the experimental data. A rough estimate of vacancy contribution has been found to modify the direct solution in such a way that it agrees excellently with the experiment. Umklapp scattering has been determined as the significant phonon-phonon scattering process. Umklapp scattering parameter has been identified for GeTe for the whole temperature range which can uniquely determine and compare Umklapp scattering processes for different materials
Effective potentials for Folding Proteins
Creators: name: Chen, Nan-yow
name: Su, Zheng-Yao
name: Mou, Chung-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A coarse-grained off-lattice model that is not biased in any way to the native state is proposed to fold proteins. To predict the native structure in a reasonable time, the model has included the essential effects of water in an effective potential. Two new ingredients, the dipole-dipole interaction and the local hydrophobic interaction, are introduced and are shown to be as crucial as the hydrogen bonding. The model allows successful folding of the wild-type sequence of protein G and may have provided important hints to the study of protein folding.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Physical Review Letters
Design and Making Epistemology: Critical Engagement via the African Informal Settlement
Creators: name: Sanya, Tom
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330313
subject: Social design
classificationCode: 330314
subject: Sustainable design

description: A poster describing a participatory design-build project for a small public space in Khayelitsha informal settlement in Cape Town. See full poster.
Flow of Geometries and Instantons on the Null Orbifold
Creators: name: Berkooz, Micha
name: Komargodski, Zohar
name: Reichmann, Dori
name: Shpitalnik, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study condensation of twisted sector states in the null orbifold geometry. As the singularity is time-dependent, we probe it using D-Instantons. We present evidence that the null-orbifold flows to the $Z_N$ orbifold. We also comment on the subtleties of quantizing the closed superstring in this background.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures, Latex2e, uses JHEP3.cls; v2: references added
Understanding dual delivery of doxorubicin and paclitaxel with boron nitride and phosphorene nanosheets as highly efficient drug delivery systems
Creators: name: Hashemzadeh, Hassan
name: Heidar Raissi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Dual delivery of Doxorubicin (DOX) and Paclitaxel (PTX) anticancer drug molecules with boron nitride (BN) and phosphorene (PH) nanosheets are investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Several quantities are employed to examine the adsorption mechanism of DOX and PTX on the carriers. The obtained results indicate that the drug molecules spontaneously move toward the carriers and form stable complexes. In the interaction of the drugs and BN, the contribution of van der Walls (vdW) is higher than electrostatic energy which can be related to the formation of strong π–π interactions between the drugs and the carrier. Moreover, in the same manner, in the adsorption of drugs on the PH surface, the role of vdW interaction is more than electrostatic energy. Moreover, the oxidative properties of BN and PH nanosheets are examined. The obtained results indicated that the diffusion coefficient values of PTX and DOX molecules in the presence of hydroxyl groups are increased, which can attribute to the blocking effect of functional groups. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
A Covariant Geometrical Representation of Quantum Interacting Electrons
Creators: name: Galehouse, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A study of fundamental geometrical interactions shows that the Dirac electron can be represented as a conformal wave. A Riemannian space is used, having coordinates that transform locally as spinors. The wave function becomes a gradient. Anti-commuting matrices map the eight-dimensional waves into five dimensions. A projection into space time gives the known gravitational and electromagnetic forces. The electron transforms into a neutrino under hyper-rotations. First quantization is automatic. The theory is covariant and contains the known electron interactions.
description: 4 pages, no figures, Revtex. Send comments or suggestions for publication to dcg@uakron.edu
A REGIONAL ECONOMETRIC MODEL OF U.S. APPLE SUPPLY AND DEMAND
Creators: name: Roosen, Jutta
name: Roosen, Jutta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: apple
subject: econometrics
subject: regional
subject: three-stage least square

description: An econometric model of U.S. apple supply and demand is estimated using annual data for 1971-1997. Supply is arranged into four geographical regions, the Northwest, the Southwest, the Central, and the East. The structural model consists of five components: supply, allocation between fresh and processed utilization, pricing, demand and net imports. Estimated supply elasticities illustrate regional differences in growers' ability to respond to market changes.
TING: PSyclone Performance
Creators: name: Ford, Rupert
name: Porter, Andrew
name: Siso, Sergi
name: Kavcic, Iva
name: Joerg Henrichs
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: UM User Workshop 18th June 2019, TING: PSyclone Performance. This presentation gave an update of performance improvements made to PSyclone by the Technical Infrastructure for Next Generation Modelling group (TING) over the last year and planned next steps.
Domain wall dynamics in expanding spaces
Creators: name: Cao, F. J.
name: Zamora-Sillero, E.
name: Quintero, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects on the dynamics of kinks due to expansions and contractions of the space. We show that the propagation velocity of the kink can be adiabatically tuned through slow expansions/contractions, while its width is given as a function of the velocity. We also analyze the case of fast expansions/contractions, where we are no longer on the adiabatic regime. In this case the kink moves more slowly after an expansion-contraction cycle as a consequence of loss of energy through radiation. All these effects are numerically studied in the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations (both for the sine-Gordon and for the phi^4 potential), and they are also studied within the framework of the collective coordinate evolution equations for the width and the center of mass of the kink. These collective coordinate evolution equations are obtained with a procedure that allows us to consider even the case of large expansions/contractions.
description: LaTeX, 18 pages, 2 figures, improved version to appear in Phys Rev E
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS OF THE U.S. PORK SECTOR
Creators: name: Hayenga, Marvin L.
name: Hayenga, Marvin L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: What countries will have a competitive advantage in producing pork for international customers in the next decades? We briefly examine the changing competitive structure, emphasizing costs of production and processing, for four major pork exporting countries - the United States, Denmark, The Netherlands, and Canada. Several productivity and cost differences, and their causes are profiled for pork producers and processors in each country. Changing environmental constraints and differences likely to play an important role in affecting exports from each country are summarized. After considering each of the changes occurring and the relative costs in each country's pork sector individually, we conclude that western Canada could develop a competitive advantage if it develops a more competitive processing industry, that the United States' very efficient processing industry and the lower cost hog production should help expand its market share, but Denmark is likely to remain the leading exporter despite their higher cost system.
Storied voices in Native American texts : Harry Robinson, Thomas King, James Welch and Leslie Marmon Silko
Creators: name: Chester, Blanca Schorcht
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: "Storied Voices in Native American Texts: Harry Robinson, Thomas King, James Welch and Leslie Marmon Silko" approaches Native American literatures from within an interdisciplinary framework that complicates traditional notions o f literary "origins" and canon. It situates the discussion of Native literatures in a Native American context, suggesting that contemporary Native American writing has its roots in Native oral storytelling traditions. Each of these authors draws on specific stories and histories from his or her Native culture. They also draw on European elements and contexts because these are now part o f Native American experience. I suggest that Native oral tradition is already inherently novelistic, and the stories that lie behind contemporary Native American writing explicitly connect past and present as aspects o f current Native reality. Contemporary Native American writers are continuing an on-going and vital storytelling tradition through written forms. A comparison of the texts o f a traditional Native storyteller, Robinson, with the highly literate novels of King, Welch and Silko, shows how orally told stories connect with the process o f writing. Robinson's storytelling suggests how these stories "theorize" the world as he experiences it; the Native American novel continues to theorize Native experience in contemporary times. Native writers use culturally specific stories to express an on-going Native history. Their novels require readers to examine their assumptions about who is telling whose story, and the traditional distinctions made between fact and fiction, history and story. King's Green Grass. Running Water takes stories from Western European literary traditions and Judeao-Christian mythology and presents them as part of a Native creation story. Welch's novel Fools Crow re-writes a particular episode from history, the Marias River Massacre, from a Blackfeet perspective. Silko's Almanac of the Dead recreates the Mayan creation story o f the Popol Vuh in the context o f twentiethcentury American culture. Each of these authors maintains the dialogic fluidity of oral storytelling performance in written forms and suggests that stories not only reflect the world, but that they create it in the way that Robinson understands storytelling as a form of theory.
Compact Object Modeling with the StarTrack Population Synthesis Code
Creators: name: Belczynski, K.
name: Kalogera, V.
name: Rasio, F. A.
name: Taam, R. E.
name: Zezas, A.
name: Bulik, T.
name: Maccarone, T. J.
name: Ivanova, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive description of the population synthesis code StarTrack. The original code has been significantly modified and updated. Special emphasis is placed here on processes leading to the formation and further evolution of compact objects (white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes). Both single and binary star populations are considered. The code now incorporates detailed calculations of all mass-transfer phases, a full implementation of orbital evolution due to tides, as well as the most recent estimates of magnetic braking. This updated version of StarTrack can be used for a wide variety of problems, with relevance to many current and planned observatories, e.g., studies of X-ray binaries (Chandra, XMM-Newton), gravitational radiation sources (LIGO, LISA), and gamma-ray burst progenitors (HETE-II, Swift). The code has already been used in studies of Galactic and extra-galactic X-ray binary populations, black holes in young star clusters, Type Ia supernova progenitors, and double compact object populations. Here we describe in detail the input physics, we present the code calibration and tests, and we outline our current studies in the context of X-ray binary populations.
description: 40 pages, 14 figures, accepted to ApJS (major extensions/revisions)
Drug repurposing studies targeting SARS-CoV-2: an ensemble docking approach on drug target 3C-like protease (3CLpro)
Creators: name: Koulgi, Shruti
name: Jani, Vinod
name: Mallikarjunachari Uppuladinne
name: Uddhavesh Sonavane
name: Asheet Kumar Nath
name: Darbari, Hemant
name: Joshi, Rajendra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has been responsible for several deaths worldwide. The causative agent behind this disease is the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome – novel Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the category of RNA viruses. The main protease, responsible for the cleavage of the viral polyprotein is considered as one of the hot targets for treating COVID-19. Earlier reports suggest the use of HIV anti-viral drugs for targeting the main protease of SARS-CoV, which caused SARS in the year 2002–2003. Hence, drug repurposing approach may prove to be useful in targeting the main protease of SARS-CoV-2. The high-resolution crystal structure of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (PDB ID: 6LU7) was used as the target. The Food and Drug Administration approved and SWEETLEAD database of drug molecules were screened. The apo form of the main protease was simulated for a cumulative of 150 ns and 10 μs open-source simulation data was used, to obtain conformations for ensemble docking. The representative structures for docking were selected using RMSD-based clustering and Markov State Modeling analysis. This ensemble docking approach for the main protease helped in exploring the conformational variation in the drug-binding site of the main protease leading to the efficient binding of more relevant drug molecules. The drugs obtained as top hits from the ensemble docking possessed anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties. This in silico ensemble docking approach would support the identification of potential candidates for repurposing against COVID-19. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Dissipative Kerr solitons in photonic molecules
Creators: name: Helgason, Óskar B.
name: Arteaga-Sierra, Francisco R.
name: Ye, Zhichao
name: Twayana, Krishna
name: Andrekson, Peter A.
name: Karlsson, Magnus
name: Schröder, Jochen
name: Torres-Company, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many physical systems display quantized energy states. In optics, interacting resonant cavities show a transmission spectrum with split eigenfrequencies, similar to the split energy levels that result from interacting states in bonded multi-atomic, i.e. molecular, systems. Here, we study the nonlinear dynamics of photonic diatomic molecules in linearly coupled microresonators and demonstrate that the system supports the formation of self-enforcing solitary waves when a laser is tuned across a split energy level. The output corresponds to a frequency comb (microcomb) whose characteristics in terms of power spectral distribution are unattainable in single-mode (atomic) systems. Photonic molecule microcombs are coherent, reproducible, and reach high conversion efficiency and spectral flatness whilst operated with a laser power of a few milliwatts. These properties can favor the heterogeneous integration of microcombs with semiconductor laser technology and facilitate applications in optical communications, spectroscopy and astronomy.
TRADE POLICY AND TIME CONSISTENCY IN AN OLIGOPSONISTIC WORLD MARKET
Creators: name: Gervais, Jean-Philippe
name: Lapan, Harvey E.
name: Gervais, Jean-Philippe
name: Lapan, Harvey E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Precommitment
subject: time consistency
subject: optimal tariff and quota
subject: oligopsony

description: This paper investigates the strategic behavior between countries that have purchasing power on the world market for a certain good. Tariffs and quotas are not equivalent protection instruments in this oligopsonistic market. Policy active importers would be better off by colluding and setting their trade instrument cooperatively. In a non-cooperative setting, if production decisions occur before consumption decisions, the ex-ante optimal policy is not time consistent because the ex-post elasticity of the residual foreign export supply curve is lower than the ex-ante elasticity. However, we show that the importers' inability to irrevocably commit to their trade instrument may be welfare superior to the precommitment solution. The negative welfare implication of non-cooperative behavior may be balanced off by the welfare effect of the ex-port elasticity. A numerical example is proposed to provide insights on the theoretical results.
Digging Deep In Time
Creators: name: RODRIGUES, TENSING CARLOS
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: History

description: You might have noted a chronological inconsistency in our previous discussion of the Figueiredo. The portaria appointing Vicente João de Figueiredo as the Administrador Particular of Canacona, Bally and Chondravadi categorically refers to the ‘antiga agencia que foi successivamente exercida por seu avo e pai’ (former agency that was successively carried out by his grandfather and father). [Portaria Nomeando Administrador Particular Das Tres Províncias De Canacona, Bally e Chondravadi (No. 135), in Xavier, 1840 : Collecção De Bandos e Outras Differentes Providencias…, Vol. I, 225] But we do not know exactly when his father and grandfather were involved in the administration of the three provinces; I have not been able to find any documents appointing them for any posts. Counting back two generations from 1841, we would easily land around 1780, if not before that. These provinces came into definitive Portuguese possession only in 1795. [Xavier, 1840 : Collecção De Bandos e Outras Differentes Providencias…, Vol. I, I] That is the incongruity; because it implies that the service of his father and grandfather (that his appointment order refers to), happened before the Portuguese ? Could that be the case with the Miranda too ?
TRANSACTION COSTS, FADS, AND POLITICALLY MOTIVATED MISDIRECTION IN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
Creators: name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Just, Richard E.
name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Just, Richard E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper examines efficiency implications of national and local policies for fund allocation and management of agricultural research, which produce pure and impure public goods. The possibility is examined that competitive grants programs increase rent seeking activities by scientists relative to specific block grants or formula allocations and thereby reduce both the real resources available to produce traditional research outputs and the productivity with which research resources are used. Management of local research units, including advantages of incentive compatible contracts, is also considered. Additional conceptual and empirical work are needed before the issues are resolved.
Reducing the beta-shift in domain wall fermion simulations
Creators: name: Allkoci, Alban
name: Borici, Artan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The beta-shift induced from dynamical domain wall quarks leads to increased roughness of the gauge field, thus reversing the effect of smoothing from the gauge action improvement. By exploiting the relation of overlap and domain wall fermions in greater detail,we propose an algorithm which reduces the beta-shift to the level of dynamical overlap fermions.
description: 6 pages, Lattice 2005 (Machines and algorithms)
Improving impact monitoring through Line Of Variations densification
Creators: name: Del Vigna, A.
name: Guerra, F.
name: Valsecchi, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a densification algorithm to improve the Line Of Variations (LOV) method for impact monitoring, which can fail when the information is too little, as it may happen in difficult cases. The LOV method uses a 1-dimensional sampling to explore the uncertainty region of an asteroid. The close approaches of the sample orbits are grouped by time and LOV index, to form the so-called returns, and each return is analysed to search for local minima of the distance from the Earth along the LOV. The strong non-linearity of the problem causes the occurrence of returns with so few points that a successful analysis can be prevented. Our densification algorithm tries to convert returns with length at most 3 in returns with 5 points, properly adding new points to the original return. Due to the complex evolution of the LOV, this operation is not necessarily achieved all at once: in this case the information about the LOV geometry derived from the first attempt is exploited for a further attempt. Finally, we present some examples showing that the application of our method can have remarkable consequences on impact monitoring results, in particular about the completeness of the virtual impactors search.
ANALYSIS OF SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION 1 (SJR1): PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO THE IOWA CONSTITUTION FOR LIMITING STATE GENERAL FUND EXPENDITURES AND TAX REVENUES
Creators: name: Edelman, Mark A.
name: Edelman, Mark A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Analysis Summary: 1. Potential shift in the executive/legislative balance of power and potential conflict with other provisions of the Iowa Consortium. 2. Process to access "rainy day" funds under SJR 1 appears to be substantively different from current Iowa Code. 3. Iowa's current financial position is more attributable to state sales and use tax increase than 99 percent expenditure rule. 4. The proposed Amendment and existing statutory 99 percent expenditure rule remain untested by circumstances other than robust economic conditions. 5. Allocation of any surplus revenues to the GAAP Reduction Account is dropped. 6. A minority of 21 votes in the Senate may defeat a question involving a tax increase. Reduced flexibility for state government response during cycle of political economy. 7. Probable consequences of the 60 percent voting rule include reductions in spending growth for functions of state government, state aid to local government and increase in property taxes and other local taxes. 8. Among the surrounding states, only South Dakota imposes a supermajority requirement for increasing taxes. No supermajority requirements are imposed in 36 states; only 11 states apply a supermajority requirement to all state taxes. 9. Incentive for developing special purpose funds and for earmarking state revenues. 10. Iowa's tax burden relatively flat over four decades. Dramatic increase not likely. Appears to be lack of compelling arguments for proposed amendment over status quo statutory policies already in effect.
Facilitated diffusion of DNA-binding proteins
Creators: name: Klenin, Konstantin V.
name: Merlitz, Holger
name: Langowski, Joerg
name: Wu, Chen-Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffusion-controlled limit of reaction times for site-specific DNA-binding proteins is derived from first principles. We follow the generally accepted concept that a protein propagates via two competitive modes, a three-dimensional diffusion in space and a one-dimensional sliding along the DNA. However, our theoretical treatment of the problem is new. The accuracy of our analytical model is verified by numerical simulations. The results confirm that the unspecific binding of protein to DNA, combined with sliding, is capable to reduce the reaction times significantly.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures Nov 22 2005 - accepted for PRL
Non-universality of Anderson localization in short-range correlated disorder
Creators: name: Titov, M.
name: Schomerus, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an analytic theory of Anderson localization on a lattice with a weak short-range correlated disordered potential. Contrary to the general belief we demonstrate that even next-neighbor statistical correlations in the potential can give rise to strong anomalies in the localization length and the density of states, and to the complete violation of single parameter scaling. Such anomalies originate in additional symmetries of the lattice model in the limit of weak disorder. The results of numerical simulations are in full agreement with our theory, with no adjustable parameters.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures