cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Forecasting of Many Count-Valued Time Series
Creators: name: Berry, Lindsay R.
name: West, Mike
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We develop and exemplify application of new classes of dynamic models for time series of nonnegative counts. Our novel univariate models combine dynamic generalized linear models for binary and conditionally Poisson time series, with dynamic random effects for over-dispersion. These models estimate dynamic regression coefficients in both binary and nonzero count components. Sequential Bayesian analysis allows fast, parallel analysis of sets of decoupled time series. New multivariate models then enable information sharing in contexts when data at a more highly aggregated level provide more incisive inferences on shared patterns such as trends and seasonality. A novel multiscale approach—one new example of the concept of decouple/recouple in time series—enables information sharing across series. This incorporates cross-series linkages while insulating parallel estimation of univariate models, and hence enables scalability in the number of series. The major motivating context is supermarket sales forecasting. Detailed examples drawn from a case study in multistep forecasting of sales of a number of related items showcase forecasting of multiple series, with discussion of forecast accuracy metrics, comparisons with existing methods, and broader questions of probabilistic forecast assessment.
INVESTMENT FUNDS IN MASS PRIVATIZATION AND BEYOND EVIDENCE FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND RUSSIA
Creators: name: Pistor, Katharina
name: Spicer, Andrew
name: Pistor, Katharina
name: Spicer, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
International Development

description: This paper traces the development of investment privatization funds (IPFs) in Russia and the Czech Republic following the completion of their mass privatization programs. It examines the role that was assigned to IPFs by the architects of mass privatization programs and compares this with the actual development of IPFs in the two countries. The tentative findings suggest that, contrary to expectations, the majority of IPFs have not developed into viable financial intermediaries or key agents of corporate governance. While IPFs faced markedly different constraints in the two countries with respect to the ownership structure of firms and the economic and legal environment in which they had to operate, some important commonalities emerge. Most importantly, the development of IPFs into portfolio managing investment funds appears to have been hampered by a lack of regulatory oversight and investor protection that has undermined the credibility of capital markets and restricted the funds' ability to raise new capital on the market. In response, many IPFs have gone out of business, while the remaining funds have been transformed into holding companies or have sought shelter in financial groups. The paper concludes by stressing the need for additional comparative research on the impact of mass privatization for the development of viable capital markets.
An Investigation of Ethnic and Socioeconomic Inequalities in Stillbirth Rates Using National Perinatal Mortality Surveillance Data for England
Creators: name: Matthews, Ruth J.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Background: Stillbirths, where a baby dies before or during birth, are a major public health issue. Stillbirth rates in the UK were higher than many high-income countries and targets have been set to reduce rates by 2025. Stillbirth rates differ by geography, socioeconomic deprivation and ethnicity, but research of the complex intersectionality between social risk factors is limited.
Methods: I investigated the use of perinatal mortality surveillance data linked with routine birth notification data to monitor stillbirth inequalities, exploring the availability and measurement of ethnicity and socioeconomic status across the UK. This study makes an original contribution to the field through the use of person centred methods to describe the complex intersectionality between ethnicity and socioeconomic status, identifying groups of women with similar social factors and exploring differences in stillbirth rates between these groups. I used variable centred methods of analysis to look at stillbirth inequalities by disaggregated ethnicity, exploring time trends and differences in cause of stillbirth between ethnic groups. Finally, I compared the two methods to provide further insight on stillbirth inequalities in England and optimal ways of monitoring them in the future.
Key Findings: The monitoring of socioeconomic and ethnic inequalities in stillbirth rates is hindered by a lack of harmonised data across the UK and a lack of detailed information for live births. However, the use of measures of multiple deprivation provided little improvement over the measure of income deprivation currently in use by MBRRACE-UK perinatal mortality surveillance. Person centred methods of analysis allowed for the complex intersections between factors to be explored. However, this was at the loss of information on individual risk factors. Variable centred methods showed persistent inequalities, highlighting the importance of reporting on disaggregated ethnic groups, with Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi ethnicities having different stillbirth risk, and different socioeconomic backgrounds.
The Non-abelian Chern-Simons Coefficient in the Higgs Phase
Creators: name: Kao, Hsien-chung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the one loop corrections to the Chern-Simons coefficient $κ$ in the Higgs phase of Yang-Mills Chern-Simons Higgs theories. When the gauge group is SU(N), we show, by taking into account the effect of the would be Chern-Simons term, that the corrections are always integer multiples of ${1\over 4π}$, as they should for the theories to be quantum-mechanically consistent. In particular, the correction is vanishing for SU(2). The same method can also be applied to the case that the gauge group is SO(N). The result for SO(2) agrees with that found in the abelian Chern-Simons theories. Therefore, the calculation provides with us a unified understanding of the quantum correction to the Chern-Simons coefficient.
description: 14 pages, Revtex, FEYNMAN is used to generate the Feynman diagram
Odd-even phonon transport effects in strained carbon atomic chains bridging graphene nanoribbon electrodes
Creators: name: Kim, Hu Sung
name: Kim, Tae Hyung
name: Kim, Yong-Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on first-principles approaches, we study the ballistic phonon transport properties of finite monatomic carbon chains stretched between graphene nanoribbons, an $sp$-$sp^2$ hybrid carbon nanostructure that has recently seen significant experimental advances in its synthesis. We find that the lattice thermal conductance anomalously increases with tensile strain for the even-numbered carbon chains that adopt the alternating bond-length polyyne configuration. On the other hand, in the odd-numbered carbon chain cases, which assume the equal bond-length cumulene configuration, phonon conductance decreases with increasing strain. We show that the strong odd-even phonon transport effects originate from the characteristic longitudinal acoustic phonon modes of carbon wires and their unique strain-induced redshifts with respect to graphene nanoribbon phonon modes. The novel phonon transport properties and their atomistic mechanisms revealed in this work will provide valuable guidelines in de-signing hybrid carbon nanostructures for next-generation electronic, bio, and energy device applications.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
The environmental conditions of endemism hotspots shape the functional traits of mammalian assemblages
Creators: name: Shipley, Benjamin
name: McGuire, Jenny
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310402
subject: Biogeography and phylogeography
classificationCode: 310302
subject: Community ecology (excl. invasive species ecology)

description: 01_IUCN_TraitManagement: R script that takes the data from the COMBINE dataset, changes the taxonomy to match the IUCN range data, and scales and transforms the trait data for normality (if applicable).02_OccurrenceTable: R script that takes a list of species and the ecoregions they are resident to and creates a community matrix (sites as rows, species as columns).03_FunctionalMetrics: R script that takes the community matrix and scaled trait data to create the assemblage means and multidimensional functional metrics04_GLM_Analysis: R script that conducts the GLM analysis described in the manuscript.05_FourthCorner: R script that conducts the fourth-corner regressions described in the manuscript.EndemicPlots: R script to create plots of global endemism and assemblage means.Ecoregion_Residents_WWF: data frame of global WWF ecoregions and which species are found in them (see Supplementary Appendix 1)SpeciesRanges: data frame of each species used in the analysis and their IUCN range size (as of autumn 2023). Use to calculate weighted endemism: sum(1/rangesize).Taxonomy_Corrections_Traits: taxonomy crosswalk between COMBINE dataset and IUCN dataset.Taxonomy_Corrections_Phylacine: taxonomy crosswalk between IUCN and Phylacine dataset. WWF_EndemismMetrics_75: data frame of WWF ecoregions and their associated endemism (see Supplementary Appendix 1). TraitFinal_Scaled: data frame of the funcitonal traits of each species (created from 01_IUCN_TraitManagement R script).Full_CommunityTraits_Final: data frame of ecoregions with assemblage means and multidimensional functional metrics (created from 03_FunctionalMetrics R script)OccurrenceTable.csv: Community matrix of global ecoregions (created from 02_OccurrenceTable R script)
Novel Excerpt 1.docx
Creators: name: Pearson, Payton
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: This is an excerpt of a novel I am writing. It is in very rough draft form, but I wanted to be available for anyone who is interested in reading it.
Effect of Coulomb collisions on time variations of the solar neutrino flux
Creators: name: Malyshkin, Leonid
name: Kulsrud, Russell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility of time variations of the solar neutrino flux due to the radial motion of the Earth and neutrino interference effects. We calculate the time variations of the detected neutrino flux and the extent to which they are suppressed by Coulomb collisions of the neutrino emitting nuclei. To properly treat the collisions, it is necessary to simultaneously include in our analysis all other significant physical decoherence effects: the energy averaging and the averaging over the position of neutrino emission. A simple and clear physical picture of the time dependent solar neutrino problem is presented and qualitative coherence criteria are discussed. Exact results for the detected neutrino flux and its time variations are obtained for both the case of a solar neutrino line, and the case of the continuous neutrino spectrum with a Gaussian shape of the energy response function of the neutrino detector. We give accurate constraints on the vacuum mixing angle and the neutrino masses required for flux time variations to not be suppressed. Pac(s): 26.65.+t, 14.60.Pq, 96.60.Jw
description: 43 pages, 8 figures, 4 appendices; changed title, MSW jump probability formula and figures
Forecast Error Variance Decompositions with Local Projections
Creators: name: Gorodnichenko, Yuriy
name: Lee, Byoungchan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose and study properties of an estimator of the forecast error variance decomposition in the local projections framework. We find for empirically relevant sample sizes that, after being bias-corrected with bootstrap, our estimator performs well in simulations. We also illustrate the workings of our estimator empirically for monetary policy and productivity shocks. KEYWORDS: Forecast error variance decomposition; Local projections.
Near infrared spectroscopy and star-formation histories of 3
Creators: name: Schreiber, C.
name: Glazebrook, K.
name: Nanayakkara, T.
name: Kacprzak, G. G.
name: Labbe, I.
name: Oesch, P.
name: Yuan, T.
name: Tran, K. -V.
name: Papovich, C.
name: Spitler, L.
name: Straatman, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Keck-MOSFIRE H and K spectra for a sample of 24 candidate quiescent galaxies (QGs) at 33, and offer the first insights on their formation history. [abridged]
description: 30 pages (+ appendix), 18 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Asymptotically Uniform Tests After Consistent Model Selection in the Linear Regression Model
Creators: name: McCloskey, Adam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: This article specializes the critical value (CV) methods that are based upon (refinements of) Bonferroni bounds, introduced by McCloskey to a problem of inference after consistent model selection in a general linear regression model. The post-selection problem is formulated to mimic common empirical practice and is applicable to both cross-sectional and time series contexts. We provide algorithms for constructing the CVs in this setting and establish uniform asymptotic size results for the resulting tests. The practical implementation of the CVs is illustrated in an empirical application to the effect of classroom size on test scores.
Psychological Distress and Socioeconomic Status. A Consideration of Associated Factors
Creators: name: Walsh, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2024

description: Section one reports a quantitative systematic literature review which
 explores the

 acceptability of mental health services for people of low socioeconomic
 status. Four

 databases were searched (PsycInfo, CINAHL complete, MEDLINE and Academic
 Search

 Ultimate) and ten studies met the inclusion criteria. A narrative
 synthesis approach was implemented to systematically explore the findings
 of the papers. The psychological factors considered in relation to
 acceptability were: affective attitude, burden, perceived effectiveness,
 ethicality, intervention coherence, opportunity costs, self-efficacy and
 cultural competence. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanne
 Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross
 Sectional Studies. Concerns were noted regarding the measures of predictor
 and outcome variables. Strengths were found in the statistical analysis of
 confounders.

 Section two reports an empirical study investigating food insecurity in
 the United

 Kingdom. This research aimed to understand 1) the relationship between
 food insecurity and psychological distress and 2) whether shame moderates
 the relationship between these variables. Participants were aged 18+ and
 self-identified as food insecure within the previous six months. A
 cross-sectional survey was conducted online and via paper copies,
 consisting of measures of food insecurity, psychological distress and
 shame. The study findings show that food insecurity and shame account for
 74% of the variance in psychological distress in people who report food
 insecurity. No moderation was found suggesting the relationship between
 food insecurity and psychological distress is not moderated by shame.
 However, a significant interaction may not have been found, as the study
 may have been underpowered. The findings of this research have
 implications for those working in both mental health services and food aid
 organisations and these are discussed.

 Section three contains a critical appraisal of issues relating to research
 into

 deprivation, including discussion of the sociopolitical context in which
 this research took place. Suggestions for future research are given.
title: ÐÐ¸Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð°ÐºÐºÑÐ¼ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¸
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð»ÑÐµÐ², Ð®ÑÐ¸Ð¹
name: ÐÑÐµÑÑÐ¾, ÐÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ð½
Publisher: name: ÐÐÐ
Year: 1984
Subjects: ÐÐ¸Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð°ÐºÐºÑÐ¼ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ

description: ÐÐ°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµÐµ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² ÐÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð½Ð³ÑÐ°Ð´ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑÐ°, Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Â«ÐÐ¸Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°Â», Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð¸Ñ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾
Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ ÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐ¼ Ð¸ Ð´Ð¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¾Ð¼Ð½ÑÐ¼ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð¼, Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐ¼ Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð°ÐºÐºÑÐ¼ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÑÑÑÐ¸Ð¼ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼. ÐÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð²Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð² Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð°Ð¼ Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð°ÐºÐºÑÐ¼ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¹, ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐµ Ð¸ ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð°Ð¼ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹, Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð´ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð² Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð², Ð¸ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼
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Shared shrinkage horseshoe priors for Dirichlet-Tree Multinomial regression
Creators: name: Post, Erin W.
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2024

description: Multivariate count data is ubiquitous in many areas of research including the physical, biological, and social sciences. These data are traditionally modeled with the Dirichlet Multinomial distribution (DM). A new, more flexible Dirichlet-Tree Multinomial (DTM) model is gaining in popularity. Here, we consider Bayesian DTM regression models. Our contribution is to introduce a novel shared shrinkage prior for use on the regression coefficients. The proposed prior enables branches in the Dirichlet trees to borrow information from one another, which encourages similar levels of shrinkage on covariates throughout the model. We focus on modeling multivariate count data in social and community settings like educational outcomes, crime rates, and voting data. In these setting, the interpretation of the regression coefficients is of particular interest. With that in mind, we pay special attention to both the interpretation of model parameters and the process ofselecting a tree structure. A simulation study demonstrates the benefits of our proposed shared shrinkage prior against existing alternatives. We show the usefulness of the proposed prior in the analyses of two real datasets. The first dataset examines connections between household conditions and post-graduation intentions for high school seniors in Iowa’s public school districts. The second dataset looks at the relationship between community characteristics and instances of different categories of crimes as reported by the FBI.
The stable environmental conditions of endemism hotspots shape the functional traits of mammalian assemblages
Creators: name: Shipley, Benjamin
name: McGuire, Jenny
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310402
subject: Biogeography and phylogeography
classificationCode: 310302
subject: Community ecology (excl. invasive species ecology)

description: Endemism_Traits.csv: Dataset of the endemism for each World Wildlife Fund ecoregion (taken from Shipley & McGuire 2023; Global Change Biology) the community weighted means of the traits within each WWF ecoregion assemblage, and the multidimensional functional metrics calculated for each one. Refer to the COMBINE dataset metadata (Soria et al. 2021) for more information on the values of the community weighted means.

IUCN_Traits.csv: Cleaned dataset of species traits (from Soria et al. 2021), with taxonomy discrepancies reconciled.

OccurrenceTable.csv: Table of presence-absence for each species and each ecoregion. Used in fourth-corner analysis.

GLM_Analysis.R: R script to generate GLMs for both comunity weighted means and the multidimensional functional metrics

Functional_Metrics.R: R script for conducting a PCoA on the traits of each species and for calculating the multidimensional functional metrics (functional richness, divergence, etc.)

FourthCorner.R: R script for conducting fourth corner analysis for the trait-occurrence-endemism relationship.
Instantons and Non-Perturbative Dynamics of N=2 Supersymmetric Abelian Gauge Theories in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Penin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study N=2 supersymmetric Abelian gauge model with the Fayet-Iliopoulos term and an arbitrary number of chiral matter multiplets in two dimensions. By analyzing the instanton contribution we compute the non-perturbative corrections to the mass spectrum of the theory and the quantum deformation of the classical vacua space. In contrast to known examples the non-perturbative bosonic potential is saturated by the one-instanton contribution and can be directly found within the semiclassical expansion around the one-instanton saddle point.
description: journal version
Multifractality: generic property of eigenstates of 2D disordered metals.
Creators: name: Fal'ko, Vladimir I.
name: Efetov, K. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distribution function of local amplitudes of eigenstates of a two-dimensional disordered metal is calculated. Although the distribution of comparatively small amplitudes is governed by laws similar to those known from the random matrix theory, its decay at larger amplitudes is non-universal and much slower. This leads to the multifractal behavior of inverse participation numbers at any disorder. From the formal point of view, the multifractality originates from non-trivial saddle-point solutions of supersymmetric $σ$-model used in calculations.
description: 4 two-column pages, no figures, submitted to PRL.
Newcastle Living Lab
Creators: name: Jamieson, David
name: Wilson, Rob
name: Martin, Mike
name: Bester, Andre
name: Rodway, Craig
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 80306 Open Software
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Newcastle Living Lab (NLL) is a web-based tool and is based on the use of multi-screen visualisations and animations. It's design and use intention is to allow participants to negotiate shared intentions and to co-produce reflections and designs of envisaged socio-technical systems. This allows participants to appropriate and operationalise the existing and required architectural discourse.
This tool has been deployed throughout various European contexts and projects including the Co-Creation of Service Innovation in Europe (CoSiE) project.
For further information, feel free to contact the Newcastle Living Lab team via info@livinglab.org.uk.
Additional file 5 of Role of CD133 in human embryonic stem cell proliferation and teratoma formation
Creators: name: Wang, Hua
name: Gong, Peng
name: Li, Jie
name: Fu, Yudong
name: Zhou, Zhongcheng
name: Liu, Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. Potential off-target sites (OTs) and primers.
Bayesian forecasting of many count-valued time series
Creators: name: Berry, Lindsay R.
name: West, Mike
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We develop and exemplify application of new classes of dynamic models for time series of non-negative counts. Our novel univariate models combine dynamic generalized linear models for binary and conditionally Poisson time series, with dynamic random effects for over-dispersion. These models estimate dynamic regression coefficients in both binary and non-zero count components. Sequential Bayesian analysis allows fast, parallel analysis of sets of decoupled time series. New multivariate models then enable information sharing in contexts when data at a more highly aggregated level provide more incisive inferences on shared patterns such as trends and seasonality. A novel multi-scale approach– one new example of the concept of decouple/recouple in time series– enables information sharing across series. This incorporates cross-series linkages while insulating parallel estimation of univariate models, and hence enables scalability in the number of series. The major motivating context is supermarket sales forecasting. Detailed examples drawn from a case study in multi-step forecasting of sales of a number of related items showcase forecasting of multiple series, with discussion of forecast accuracy metrics, comparisons with existing methods, and broader questions of probabilistic forecast assessment.
Lean back or lean in? Exploring social loafing in human–robot teams
Creators: name: Cymek, Dietlind Helene
name: Truckenbrodt, Anna
name: Onnasch, Linda
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
subject: human-robot interaction
subject: team effects
subject: motivation
subject: social loafing
subject: quality control
subject: sequential redundancy

description: Introduction: Thanks to technological advances, robots are now being used for a wide range of tasks in the workplace. They are often introduced as team partners to assist workers. This teaming is typically associated with positive effects on work performance and outcomes. However, little is known about whether typical performance-reducing effects that occur in human teams also occur in human–robot teams. For example, it is not clear whether social loafing, defined as reduced individual effort on a task performed in a team compared to a task performed alone, can also occur in human–robot teams. Methods: We investigated this question in an experimental study in which participants worked on an industrial defect inspection task that required them to search for manufacturing defects on circuit boards. One group of participants worked on the task alone, while the other group worked with a robot team partner, receiving boards that had already been inspected by the robot. The robot was quite reliable and marked defects on the boards before handing them over to the human. However, it missed 5 defects. The dependent behavioural measures of interest were effort, operationalised as inspection time and area inspected on the board, and defect detection performance. In addition, subjects rated their subjective effort, performance, and perceived responsibility for the task. Results: Participants in both groups inspected almost the entire board surface, took their time searching, and rated their subjective effort as high. However, participants working in a team with the robot found on average 3.3 defects. People working alone found significantly more defects on these 5 occasions–an average of 4.2. Discussion: This suggests that participants may have searched the boards less attentively when working with a robot team partner. The participants in our study seemed to have maintained the motor effort to search the boards, but it appears that the search was carried out with less mental effort and less attention to the information being sampled. Changes in mental effort are much harder to measure, but need to be minimised to ensure good performance.
A Smooth Nonparametric, Multivariate, Mixed-Data Location-Scale Test
Creators: name: Racine, Jeffrey S.
name: Van Keilegom, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A number of tests have been proposed for assessing the location-scale assumption that is often invoked by practitioners. Existing approaches include Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Cramer–von Mises statistics that each involve measures of divergence between unknown joint distribution functions and products of marginal distributions. In practice, the unknown distribution functions embedded in these statistics are typically approximated using nonsmooth empirical distribution functions (EDFs). In a recent article, Li, Li, and Racine establish the benefits of smoothing the EDF for inference, though their theoretical results are limited to the case where the covariates are observed and the distributions unobserved, while in the current setting some covariates and their distributions are unobserved (i.e., the test relies on population error terms from a location-scale model) which necessarily involves a separate theoretical approach. We demonstrate how replacing the nonsmooth distributions of unobservables with their kernel-smoothed sample counterparts can lead to substantial power improvements, and extend existing approaches to the smooth multivariate and mixed continuous and discrete data setting in the presence of unobservables. Theoretical underpinnings are provided, Monte Carlo simulations are undertaken to assess finite-sample performance, and illustrative applications are provided.
title: East African Journal of Sciences, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2024): East African Journal of Sciences
title: East African Journal of Sciences
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: East African Journal Of Sciences
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Sciences
Year: 2024

description: The East African Journal of Sciences (EAJS) is nationally accredited journal publishes original scientific papers and disseminates scientific and technological information to the users in Eastern Africa and elsewhere in the world. It also enhances exchange of ideas among scientists engaged in research and development activities and accepts papers from anywhere else in the world. 
description: Registering a New Provitamin A-rich Maize Variety Named ‘BHA5211’ for Cultivation in Ethiopia...89-96
Registration of ‘Jabaa’ Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L). Moench] Variety...83-88
Cytogenetic, Hematobiochemical, and Histopathological Assessment of Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Fed on Gluten Extracts...71-82
Teachers’ Knowledge on Classification and Binomial Nomenclature of Cultivated Plants and Inclusion of the Plants in Current Curriculum in Nekemte Primary Schools, Ethiopia...55-70
Variations in the Composition and Biomass of Phytoplankton Species as a Function of Physicochemical Factors in Lake Kuriftu, Central Ethiopia ...41-54
Performance and Stability of Finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn] Genotypes in Northwestern Ethiopia...29-40
Floristic Composition of Harla-Ija Aneni Valley and Mountain Complex in the Semi-arid Ecosystem of Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia...15-28
Design, Manufacturing and Testing of Composite Type Cylinder Sorghum Thresher...1-14
Leptogenesis with virtual Majorana neutrinos
Creators: name: Frere, J. -M.
name: Ling, F. -S.
name: Tytgat, M. H. G.
name: Van Elewyck, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a mechanism of leptogenesis based on the out-of-equilibrium decay of a scalar particle into heavy virtual Majorana neutrinos. This scheme presents many conceptual advantages over the conventional scenario of Fukugita and Yanagida. In particular, the standard techniques of quantum field theory can be used to compute the lepton asymmetry, without resorting to the phenomenological approximations usually made to describe unstable particles. This simplification allows us to address in a well-defined framework some issues raised in the recent literature. We also show, in a toy model, that a successful leptogenesis scenario is possible and requires a rather light scalar particle, $10^6 GeV < m < 10^{13} GeV$. A natural embedding of this scheme in a gauged unified theory encompassing the Majorana fermions seems however difficult.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, using Latex and epsfig
Super star cluster feedback driving ionization, shocks and outflows in the halo of the nearby starburst ESO 338-IG04
Creators: name: Bik, A.
name: Östlin, G.
name: Menacho, V.
name: Adamo, A.
name: Hayes, M.
name: Herenz, E. C.
name: Melinder, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar feedback strongly affects the interstellar medium (ISM) of galaxies. Stellar feedback in the first galaxies likely plays a major role in enabling the escape of LyC photons, which contribute to the re-ionization of the Universe. Nearby starburst galaxies serve as local analogues allowing for a spatially resolved assessment of the feedback processes in these galaxies. We characterize the feedback effects from the star clusters in the local high-redshift analogue ESO 338-IG04 on the ISM and compare the results with the properties of the most massive clusters. We use high quality VLT/MUSE optical integral field data to derive the physical properties of the ISM such as ionization, density, shocks, and perform new fitting of the spectral energy distributions of the brightest clusters in ESO 338-IG04 from HST imaging. ESO 338-IG04 has a large ionized halo which we detect to a distance of 9 kpc. We identify 4 Wolf-Rayet (WR) clusters based on the blue and red WR bump. We follow previously identified ionization cones and find that the ionization of the halo increases with distance. Analysis of the galaxy kinematics shows two complex outflows driven by the numerous young clusters in the galaxy. We find a ring of shocked emission traced by an enhanced [OI]/H$α$ ratio surrounding the starburst and at the end of the outflow. Finally we detect nitrogen enriched gas associated with the outflow, likely caused by the WR stars in the massive star clusters. Photo-ionization dominates the central starburst and sets the ionization structure of the entire halo, resulting in a density bounded halo, facilitating the escape of LyC photons. Outside the central starburst, shocks triggered by an expanding super bubble become important. The shocks at the end of the outflow suggest interaction between the hot outflowing material and the more quiescent halo gas.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 22 pages, 15 figures
The Importance of Anti-oppression Education in Chinese Higher Education
Creators: Zhou, Mingming
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2025

This paper explores the existence and roots of oppressive education within the Chinese higher education system, focusing on Confucian traditional influence on educational practices. While Confucianism emphasizes social harmony and moral cultivation, its emphasis on social hierarchy and obedience to authority indirectly contributes to oppressive educational practices. This model prioritizes indoctrination and rote memorization, neglecting critical thinking and the development of student agency, potentially exacerbating educational inequality. This paper analyzes the current system’s shortcomings regarding gender discrimination, regional disparities, and socioeconomic inequality. By comparing Chinese and Western educational models, it highlights the effectiveness of student development. Finally, the article suggests specific reforms, including curriculum reform, teaching training, diversified assessment, and institutional support to achieve equality and inclusion in higher education. The key to building an anti-oppressive system. The article concludes, lie in integrating critical thinking with Confucian principles of reflection, while respecting Chinese cultural traditions.
Comparing Possibly Misspecified Forecasts
Creators: name: Patton, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Recent work has emphasized the importance of evaluating estimates of a statistical functional (such as a conditional mean, quantile, or distribution) using a loss function that is consistent for the functional of interest, of which there is an infinite number. If forecasters all use correctly specified models free from estimation error, and if the information sets of competing forecasters are nested, then the ranking induced by a single consistent loss function is sufficient for the ranking by any consistent loss function. This article shows, via analytical results and realistic simulation-based analyses, that the presence of misspecified models, parameter estimation error, or nonnested information sets, leads generally to sensitivity to the choice of (consistent) loss function. Thus, rather than merely specifying the target functional, which narrows the set of relevant loss functions only to the class of loss functions consistent for that functional, forecast consumers or survey designers should specify the single specific loss function that will be used to evaluate forecasts. An application to survey forecasts of U.S. inflation illustrates the results.
Perturbative QCD analysis of $B(B\to Xl\barν)$, charm yield $$ in B decay, and $τ(Λ_b)/τ(B_d)$
Creators: name: Chang, We-Fu
name: Li, Hsiang-nan
name: Yu, Hoi-Lai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply perturbative QCD factorization theorems to inclusive heavy hadron decays, and obtain simultaneously a low semileptonic branching ratio $B(B\to Xl\barν)=10.16%$, the average charm yield $=1.17$ per $B$ decay, a small lifetime ratio $τ(Λ_b)/τ(B_d)=0.78$, and the correct absolute decay widths of the $B$ meson and of the $Λ_b$ baryon.
description: 13 pages in a latex file, numerical results are revised, We obtain $B(B\to Xl\bar{\nu})=10.16%$, $=1.17$, $\tau(\Lambda_b)/\tau(B_d)=0.78$, and the correct absolute decay widths of the $B$ meson and of the $\Lambda_b$ baryon
Additional file 7 of Role of CD133 in human embryonic stem cell proliferation and teratoma formation
Creators: name: Wang, Hua
name: Gong, Peng
name: Li, Jie
name: Fu, Yudong
name: Zhou, Zhongcheng
name: Liu, Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7: Table S4. Genes related to embryonic germ layers from RNA-seq.
Status of the Muon (g-2) Experiment
Creators: name: Roberts, B. Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The status of the muon (g-2) experiment, E821 at the Brookhaven AGS, is given. A new result with a precision of 5 parts per million has been obtained with direct muon injection into the ring and is presented. The theoretical motivation for the experiment, and a discussion of the sensitivity to non-standard model physics is also discussed.
description: 12 pages, Latex, special macros needed: LP99macros.tex, Invited presentation at the XIX International Symposium on Lepton and Photon Interactions at High Energy, Stanford University, August 1999
Asymptotically Uniform Tests After Consistent Model Selection in the Linear Regression Model*
Creators: name: McCloskey, Adam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: This paper specializes the critical value methods, that are based upon (refinements of) Bonferroni bounds, introduced by McCloskey (2017) to a problem of inference after consistent model selection in a general linear regression model. The post-selection problem is formulated to mimic common empirical practice and is applicable to both cross-sectional and time series contexts. We provide algorithms for constructing the critical values in this setting and establish uniform asymptotic size results for the resulting tests. The practical implementation of the critical values is illustrated in an empirical application to the effect of classroom size on test scores.
Basis-Independent Spectral Methods for Non-linear Optical Response in Arbitrary Tight-binding Models
Creators: name: João, S. M.
name: Lopes, J. M. V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we developed a basis-independent perturbative method for calculating the non-linear optical response of arbitrary non-interacting tight-binding models. Our method is based on the non-equilibrium Keldysh formalism and allows an efficient numerical implementation within the framework of the Kernel Polynomial Method for systems which are not required to be translation-invariant. Some proof-of-concept results of the second-order optical conductivity are presented for the special case of gapped graphene with vacancies and an on-site Anderson disordered potential.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
Integrating sustainability in the design process of urban service robots
Creators: name: Van Der Schoor, Michel Joop
name: Göhlich, Dietmar
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
subject: sustainability
subject: product development
subject: urban service robot
subject: social sustainability
subject: sustainable design
subject: service robot

description: The concept of sustainability and sustainable development has been well discussed and was subject to many conferences of the EU and UN resulting in agendas, goals, and resolutions. Yet, literature shows that the three dimensions of sustainability (ecological, social, and economic) are unevenly accounted for in the design of mechatronic products. The stated reasons range from a lack or inapplicability of tools for integration into the design process, models for simulation, and impact analyses to necessary changes in policy and social behavior. The influence designers have on the sustainability of a product lies mostly in the early design phases of the development process, such as requirements engineering and concept evaluation. Currently, these concepts emerge mostly from performance-based requirements rather than sustainability impact-based requirements, which are also true for service robots in urban environments. So far, the main focus of research in this innovative and growing product branch lies in performance in perception, navigation, and interaction. This paper sets its focus on integrating all three dimensions of sustainability into the design process. Therefore, we describe the development of an urban service robot supporting municipal waste management in the city of Berlin. It is the set goal for the robot to increase the service and support the employees while reducing emissions. For that, we make use of a product development process (PDP) and its adaptable nature to build a specific development process suited to include the three dimensions of sustainability during the requirements engineering and evaluation activities. Herein, we show how established design methods like the life cycle assessment or life cycle costing can be applied to the development of urban service robots and which aspects are underrepresented. Especially, the social dimension required us to look beyond standardized methods in the field of mechanical engineering. Based on our findings, we introduce a new activity to the development process that we call preliminary social assessment in order to incorporate social aspects in the early design phase.
The Structural and Kinematic Evolution of Central Star Clusters in Dwarf Galaxies and Their Dependence on Dark Matter Halo Profiles
Creators: name: Webb, Jeremy J.
name: Vesperini, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through a suite of direct N-body simulations, we explore how the structural and kinematic evolution of a star cluster located at the center of a dwarf galaxy is affected by the shape of its host's dark matter density profile. The stronger central tidal fields of cuspier halos minimize the cluster's ability to expand in response to mass loss due to stellar evolution during its early evolutionary stages and during its subsequent long-term evolution driven by two-body relaxation. Hence clusters evolving in cuspier dark matter halos are characterized by more compact sizes, higher velocity dispersions and remain approximately isotropic at all clustercentric distances. Conversely, clusters in cored halos can expand more and develop a velocity distribution profile that becomes increasingly radially anisotropic at larger clustercentric distances. Finally, the larger velocity dispersion of clusters evolving in cuspier dark matter profiles results in them having longer relaxation times. Hence clusters in cuspy galaxies relax at a slower rate and, consequently, they are both less mass segregated and farther from complete energy equipartition than cluster's in cored galaxies. Application of this work to observations allows for star clusters to be used as tools to measure the distribution of dark matter in dwarf galaxies and to distinguish isolated star clusters from ultra-faint dwarf galaxies.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS