cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Active- and transfer-learning applied to microscale-macroscale coupling to simulate viscoelastic flows
Creators: name: Zhao, Lifei
name: Li, Zhen
name: Wang, Zhicheng
name: Caswell, Bruce
name: Ouyang, Jie
name: Karniadakis, George Em
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active- and transfer-learning are applied to polymer flows for the multiscale discovery of effective constitutive approximations required in viscoelastic flow simulation. The result is macroscopic rheology directly connected to a microstructural model. Micro and macroscale simulations are adaptively coupled by means of Gaussian process regression to run the expensive microscale computations only as necessary. This active-learning guided multiscale method can automatically detect the inaccuracy of the learned constitutive closure and initiate simulations at new sampling points informed by proper acquisition functions, leading to an autonomic microscale-macroscale coupled system. Also, we develop a new dissipative particle dynamics model with the range of interaction cutoff between particles allowed to vary with the local strain-rate invariant, which is able to capture both the shear-thinning viscosity and the normal stress difference functions consistent with rheological experiments for aqueous polyacrylamide solutions. Our numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of using active- and transfer-learning schemes to on-the-fly couple a spectral element solver and a mesoscopic particle-based simulator, and verify that the microscale-macroscale coupled model with effective constitutive closure learned from microscopic dynamics can outperform empirical constitutive models compared to experimental observations. The effective closure learned in a channel simulation is then transferred directly to the flow past a circular cylinder, where the results show that only two additional microscopic simulations are required to achieve a satisfactory constitutive model to once again close the continuum equations. This new paradigm of active- and transfer-learning for multiscale modeling is readily applicable to other microscale-macroscale coupled simulations of complex fluids and other materials.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures
Emerging Issues in the U.S. Organic Industry
Creators: name: Greene, Catherine R.
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
name: Lin, Biing-Hwan
name: McBride, William D.
name: Oberholtzer, Lydia
name: Smith, Travis A.
name: Greene, Catherine R.
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
name: Lin, Biing-Hwan
name: McBride, William D.
name: Oberholtzer, Lydia
name: Smith, Travis A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: organic agriculture
subject: farmers
subject: handlers
subject: consumers
subject: organic production costs
subject: organic supply
subject: marketing organic products
subject: organic label
subject: organic price premiums
subject: local food
subject: organic food imports

description: Consumer demand for organic products has widened over the last decade. While new producers have emerged to help meet demand, market participants report that a supply squeeze is constraining growth for both individual firms and the organic sector overall. Partly in response to shortages in organic supply, Congress in 2008 included provisions in the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act (2008 Farm Act) that, for the first time, provide financial support to farmers to convert to organic production. This report examines recent economic research on the adoption of organic farming systems, organic production costs and returns, and market conditions to gain a better understanding of the organic supply squeeze and other emerging issues in this rapidly changing industry.
Additional file 1 of Strengthening the spiritual domain in palliative care through a listening consultation service by spiritual caregivers in Dutch PaTz-groups: an evaluation study
Creators: name: Klop, Hanna T.
name: Koper, Ian
name: Schweitzer, Bart P. M.
name: Jongen, Esli
name: Onwuteaka-Philipsen, Bregje D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Topic lists of semi-structured individual interviews with spiritual caregivers
Effects of simultaneous real-time fMRI and EEG neurofeedback in major depressive disorder evaluated with brain electromagnetic tomography
Creators: name: Zotev, Vadim
name: Bodurka, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, we reported an emotion self-regulation study (Zotev et al., 2020), in which patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) used simultaneous real-time fMRI and EEG neurofeedback (rtfMRI-EEG-nf) to upregulate two fMRI and two EEG activity measures, relevant to MDD. The target measures included fMRI activities of the left amygdala and left rostral anterior cingulate cortex, and frontal EEG asymmetries in the alpha band (FAA) and high-beta band (FBA). Here we apply the exact low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA) to investigate EEG source activities during the rtfMRI-EEG-nf procedure. The exploratory analyses reveal significant changes in hemispheric lateralities of upper alpha and high-beta current source densities in the prefrontal regions, consistent with upregulation of the FAA and FBA during the rtfMRI-EEG-nf task. Similar laterality changes are observed for current source densities in the amygdala. Prefrontal upper alpha current density changes show significant negative correlations with anhedonia severity. Changes in prefrontal high-beta current density are consistent with reduction in comorbid anxiety. Comparisons with results of previous LORETA studies suggest that the rtfMRI-EEG-nf training is beneficial to MDD patients, and may have the ability to correct functional deficiencies associated with anhedonia and comorbid anxiety in MDD.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, to appear in NeuroImage: Clinical
Unconventional superconductivity and magnetism in $\rm CePt_3Si_{1-x}Ge_x$
Creators: name: Bauer, E.
name: Hilscher, G.
name: Michor, H.
name: Sieberer, M.
name: Scheidt, E. W.
name: Gribanov, A.
name: Seropegin, Yu.
name: Rogl, P.
name: Amato, A.
name: Song, W. Y.
name: Park, J. -G.
name: Adroja, D. T.
name: Nicklas, M.
name: Sparn, G.
name: Yogi, M.
name: Kitaoka, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $\rm CePt_3Si$ is a novel ternary compound exhibiting antiferromagnetic order at $T_N \approx 2.2$ K and superconductivity (SC) at $T_c \approx 0.75$ K. Large values of $H_{c2}' \approx -8.5$ T/K and $H_{c2}(0) \approx 5$ T indicate Cooper pairs formed out of heavy quasiparticles. The mass enhancement originates from Kondo interaction with a characteristic temperature $T_K \approx 8$ K. NMR and $μ$SR measurements evidence coexistence of SC and long range magnetic order on a microscopic scale. Moreover, $\rm CePt_3Si$ is the first heavy fermion SC without an inversion symmetry. This gives rise to a novel type of the NMR relaxation rate $1/T_1$ which is very unique and never reported before for other heavy fermion superconductors. Studies of Si/Ge substitution allow us to establish a phase diagram.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures, SCES'04
Beginning Farmers and Ranchers
Creators: name: Ahearn, Mary Clare
name: Newton, Doris J.
name: Ahearn, Mary Clare
name: Newton, Doris J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: agricultural production
subject: Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS)
subject: beginning farmers and ranchers
subject: Census of Agriculture
subject: farm assets
subject: Food
subject: Conservation
subject: and Energy Act of 2008
subject: Conservation Reserve Program
subject: operator characteristics

description: USDA defines beginning farmers and ranchers as those who have operated a farm or ranch for 10 years or less either as a sole operator or with others who have operated a farm or ranch for 10 years or less. Beginning farmers tend to be younger than established farmers and to operate smaller farms or ranches, some of which may provide no annual production. Beginning farmers often face obstacles getting started, including high startup costs and limited availability of land. USDA—through the Farm Service Agency and the Natural Resources Conservation Service—provides loans and conservation assistance to beginning farmers and ranchers. This report draws on data from annual surveys and the Census of Agriculture to provide policymakers with a better understanding of beginning farmers and ranchers, including how they contribute to U.S. agricultural production.
Additional file 2 of Strengthening the spiritual domain in palliative care through a listening consultation service by spiritual caregivers in Dutch PaTz-groups: an evaluation study
Creators: name: Klop, Hanna T.
name: Koper, Ian
name: Schweitzer, Bart P. M.
name: Jongen, Esli
name: Onwuteaka-Philipsen, Bregje D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Practical recommendations for interventions concerning integration of spiritual care in palliative care
Understanding the superfluid phase diagram in trapped Fermi gases
Creators: name: Chen, Qijin
name: Regal, C. A.
name: Greiner, M.
name: Jin, D. S.
name: Levin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trapped ultracold Fermi gases provide a system that can be tuned between the BCS and BEC regimes by means of a magnetic-field Feshbach resonance. Condensation of fermionic atom pairs in a $^{40}$K gas was demonstrated experimentally by a sweep technique that pairwise projects fermionic atoms onto molecules. In this paper we examine previous data obtained with this technique that probed the phase boundary in the temperature-magnetic field plane. Comparison of the $^{40}$K data to a theoretically computed phase diagram demonstrates good agreement between the two.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PRA Rapid
Continuity of identity through meaningful occupation : the experience of older adults living in long-term care facilities
Creators: name: Caron, Staci
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Disability often accompanies aging due to multiple impairments commonly experienced by older adults. Many older people admitted to Long-Term Care (LTC) facilities experience loneliness, helplessness, and boredom, which often lead to depression (Thomas, 1996). Yerxa (1998) explored the relationship between health and the human spirit for occupation, where occupation was considered the self-initiated, self-directed, productive daily activity that provides individuals with a sense of identity and purpose in life, which, in turn, contributes to their health. Through qualitative research, this study aimed to contribute to the understanding of meaningful occupational engagement for older adults living in LTC facilities. A narrative approach using in-depth semi-structured interviews was used to explore the meaning of occupation for nine residential care facility residents, specifically through their current and past occupations and related perceptions of health, aging, and the LTC facility environment. Continuity theory and the emergent discipline of occupational science provided a conceptual approach to this research. Findings of the study showed that the meaning of occupation was shaped within the context of participants' experience of living in a LTC facility, including their perceived losses, functional constraints, and afforded opportunities. Four themes of meaningful occupation emerged from the data; 1) reliance: maintaining a sense of independence within a supportive environment, 2) relationships: maintaining and fostering social relationships, 3) rewards: doing things that have purpose and contribute personally and socially, and 4) reflection: reflecting on life's experiences, accomplishments, and regrets. These themes were closely linked to an additional theme concerning the preservation and expression self-identity. Participants' chose to occupy themselves with activities that provided continuity with previous occupations, defining their sense of self. Rehabilitation therapists and other professionals who work with elderly residents are called to be innovative and flexible in designing programs and carrying out daily care activities within LTC facilities, in a manner that enables continuity for each resident and is tailored to fit with his or her sense of self. Study findings have implications for occupational therapy practice and social planning for the aging population. Understanding the meaning that occupations have for older adults, and how engagement in them reflects a continuity of identity involves an appreciation of their "life contexts". Environments that provide opportunity for choice and self-determination can enable older adults to maintain necessary connections between their past, present, and future, engage in meaningful occupations, and in turn, foster healthy expressions of themselves as capable and worthy.
Additional file 1 of Defining the commercial determinants of health: a systematic review
Creators: name: Lacy-Vawdon, Cassandra De
name: Livingstone, Charles
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Search strategies. Complete commercial determinants of health search strategies from database and grey literature searches.
Farmers’ Awareness and Use of IPM for Soybean Aphid Control: Report of Survey Results for the 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007 Crop Years
Creators: name: Olson, Kent D.
name: Badibanga, Thaddee Mutumba
name: DiFonzo, Christina
name: Olson, Kent D.
name: Badibanga, Thaddee Mutumba
name: DiFonzo, Christina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: In response to the introduction and rapid spread of soybean aphid, farmers in the Upper Midwest were surveyed about their treatment of and knowledge about soybean aphids for crop years 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007. Overall, the farmers showed a fairly good understanding of soybean aphids and their impact on soybeans. Over 80% said soybean aphids could be treated and repopulate in the same crop year. For 2004-2006, at least 75% of the farmers said aphids damaged their soybeans by sucking sap. However this percentage dropped to 59% for 2007 with a greater percentage pointing at a combination of damage methods. This lower percentage for 2007 may be due to a broader, randomly selected sample of farmers who received the surveys by mail versus farmers who attended meetings in the first three years. However, even though fewer seemed to have a clear understanding of how aphids damage soybeans, other measures indicate a stable or improved understanding of soybean aphid biology and control. Over 70% said the frequency with which aphids should be treated for profitable control depends on aphid counts, weather conditions and plant growth stage. About a third of the farmers believed that aphids inflict the most damage during early flowering through pod set (R1-R3); however, about a third also thought aphids could inflict the most damage at any stage. Over half the farmers considered the lowest aphid density for profitable aphid control to be 250 aphids per plant. Over 80% said scouting reports were very important for making a decision to treat for aphids; over half the farmers said plant growth stage was also very important.
Quantum D-modules and generalized mirror transformations
Creators: name: Iritani, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D45 (Primary) 14N35 (Secondary)

description: In the previous paper, the author defined equivariant Floer cohomology for a complete intersection in a toric variety and showed that it is isomorphic to the small quantum D-module after a mirror transformation when the first Chern class c_1(M) of the tangent bundle is nef. In this paper, even when c_1(M) is not nef, we show that the equivariant Floer cohomology reconstructs the big quantum D-module under certain conditions on the ambient toric variety. The proof is based on a mirror theorem by Coates and Givental. The reconstruction procedure here gives a generalized mirror transformation first observed by Jinzenji in low degrees.
description: 54 pages; v2: corrected typos; v3: added reference; v4: corrected errors in the proof of the main theorem; v5: major revision. In the main theorem, we added a condition on the ambient toric variety
Assessing the Impacts of Soil Carbon Credits and Risk on No-Till Rice Profitability
Creators: name: Watkins, K. Bradley
name: Hignight, Jeffrey A.
name: Anders, Merle M.
name: Watkins, K. Bradley
name: Hignight, Jeffrey A.
name: Anders, Merle M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: certainty equivalent
subject: landlord
subject: no-till
subject: rice
subject: risk premium

description: Rice is a major cash crop in eastern Arkansas, but most rice acres are intensively cultivated and grown on rented land. No-till is an effective means of sequestering soil carbon and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and economic incentives exist for no-till in the form of carbon credits. Studies evaluating the economic potential of carbon credits focus on producers only and do not take into consideration the landlord’s perspective. This analysis evaluates the profitability and risk efficiency of no-till management and carbon credits in Arkansas rice production from the prospective if the landlord using simulation and stochastic efficiency with respect to a function (SERF). The results indicate carbon credits may have potential to enhance preference for no-till in rice production by risk-averse landlords.
BUBBLES IN PRICES OF EXHAUSTIBLE RESOURCES
Creators: name: Jovanovic, Boyan
name: Jovanovic, Boyan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: wine
subject: exhaustible resource
subject: bubble

description: Aside from the equilibrium that Hotelling (1931) displayed, his model of non-renewable resources also contains a continuum of bubble equilibria. In all the equilibria the price of the resource rises at the rate of interest. In a bubble equilibrium, however, the consumption of the resource peters out, and a positive fraction of the original stock continues to be traded forever. And that may well be happening in the market for high-end Bordeaux wines.
UNIVERSIDAD ESTATAL DE NUEVO MEXICO NMSU. CAMPUS LAS CRUCES: PROGRAMAS DE POSGRADO EN ECONOMIA AGRICOLA Y AGRONEGOCIOS
Creators: name: Ramirez, Octavio A.
name: Ramirez, Octavio A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: NMSU
subject: Las Cruces
subject: graduate degree and Ph.D. programs
subject: programas de maestría y doctorado.

description: The New Mexico State University, which is denominated as New Mexico's “Land Grant University”, is formed by more than 24,000 students within its five sites throughout the state of NewMexico. The main site, which is located in the bicultural city of Las Cruces, houses around 16,000 students, including 3,300 graduate ones distributed in 51 graduate degree programs and 25 Ph.D. programs. NMSUis classified by the Carnegie Foundation as a “Research Extensive” University. In terms of administration it is divided into six faculties, including the Agriculture and Domestic Economy Faculty (CAHE).
Dissipative quantum chaos: transition from wave packet collapse to explosion
Creators: name: Carlo, Gabriel G.
name: Benenti, Giuliano
name: Shepelyansky, Dima L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the quantum trajectories approach we study the quantum dynamics of a dissipative chaotic system described by the Zaslavsky map. For strong dissipation the quantum wave function in the phase space collapses onto a compact packet which follows classical chaotic dynamics and whose area is proportional to the Planck constant. At weak dissipation the exponential instability of quantum dynamics on the Ehrenfest time scale dominates and leads to wave packet explosion. The transition from collapse to explosion takes place when the dissipation time scale exceeds the Ehrenfest time. For integrable nonlinear dynamics the explosion practically disappears leaving place to collapse.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Impact of quark quasiparticles on transport coefficients in hot QCD
Creators: name: Mykhaylova, Valeriya
name: Sasaki, Chihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the bulk and shear viscosity and the electrical conductivity in a quasiparticle approach to Yang-Mills theory and QCD with light and strange quarks to assess the dynamical role of quarks in transport properties at finite temperature. The interactions with a hot medium are embodied in effective masses of the constituents through a temperature-dependent running coupling extracted from the lattice QCD thermodynamics. In Yang-Mills theory, the bulk viscosity to entropy density ratio exhibits a non-monotonous structure around the phase transition temperature. In QCD, this is totally dissolved because of a substantial contribution from quark quasiparticles. The bulk to shear viscosity ratio near the phase transition behaves consistently to the scaling with the speed of sound derived in the AdS/CFT approach, whereas at high temperature it obeys the same parametric dependence as in perturbation theory. Thus, the employed quasiparticle model is adequate to capture the transport properties in the weak and strong coupling regimes of the theory. This feature is not altered by including dynamical quarks which, however, retards the system from restoring conformal invariance. We also examine the individual flavor contributions to the electrical conductivity and show that the obtained behavior agrees qualitatively well with the recent results of lattice simulations and with a class of phenomenological approaches.
description: The version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Twisted bilayer graphene fabricated by direct bonding in a high vacuum
Creators: name: Imamura, Hitoshi
name: Visikovskiy, Anton
name: Uotani, Ryosuke
name: Kajiwara, Takashi
name: Ando, Hiroshi
name: Iimori, Takushi
name: Iwata, Kota
name: Miyamachi, Toshio
name: Nakatsuji, Kan
name: Mase, Kazuhiko
name: Shirasawa, Tetsuroh
name: Komori, Fumio
name: Tanaka, Satoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twisted bilayer graphene (TBG), in which two monolayer graphene are stacked with an in-plane rotation angle, has recently become a hot topic due to unique electronic structures. TBG is normally produced in air by the tear-and-stack method of mechanical exfoliation and transferring graphene flakes, by which a sizable, millimeter-order area, and importantly clean interface between layers are hard to obtain. In this study, we resolved these problems by directly transferring the easy-to-exfoliate CVD-grown graphene on SiC substrate to graphene in a high vacuum without using any transfer assisting medium and observed electronic band modulations due to the strong interlayer coupling.
FIBRAA BASE DE FRUTAS, VEGETALES Y CEREALES: FUNCIÓN DE SALUD
Creators: name: Duarte, Patricia Rayas
name: Romero Baranzini, Ana Lourdes
name: Duarte, Patricia Rayas
name: Romero Baranzini, Ana Lourdes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Dietary fiber
subject: soluble and insoluble fiber
subject: food sources of fiber
subject: recommended consumption
subject: Fibra dietaria
subject: fibra soluble e insoluble
subject: fuentes de fibra
subject: recomendaciones alimentarias de fibra dietaria.

description: Dietary fiber has many health benefits, including positive impact on numerous chronic and life threatening diseases. Whole grain foods, legumes, fruits and vegetables are important sources of dietary fiber. In this article, the definitions of soluble and insoluble fiber, their mechanism of action and impact on health are discussed. Further, the characteristics and advantages of resistant starch, a high fiber product used by the food industry are outlined. There is a Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for fiber in place for adults and children; it is recommended to cover that amount with natural food sources rather than in form of capsules. However, there are also natural high fiber supplements on the market; one of these food sources is Plantago psyllium, whose seed husk has high fiber content. Practical guidelines for a sufficient daily fiber intake are also given
ANALISIS PROSPECTIVO DE LA IMPORTANCIA EN LA GESTION DE LOS TALENTOS HUMANOS EN LAS INSTITUCIONES DE ENSENANZA, INVESTIGACION Y DESARROLLO AGROPECUARIO Y FORESTAL
Creators: name: Moctezuma Lopez, Georgel
name: Espinosa Garcia, Jose Antonio
name: Moctezuma Lopez, Georgel
name: Espinosa Garcia, Jose Antonio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: education
subject: research and farming
subject: livestock and forestry development
subject: foresight
subject: Public sector
subject: management system and human talents
subject: instituciones de enseñanza
subject: investigación y desarrollo agropecuario y forestal
subject: prospectiva
subject: sector público
subject: sistema de gestión y talentos humanos.

description: The talents management analysis in the institutions of education, research and farming, livestock and forestry development to public sector of Mexico, comprises of an research at Latin American and the Caribbean level, which is based on the captured answers of 58 panelists experts which they represented 22 education at university level, national and international and research centers and governmental dependencies link to science and technology of the farming, livestock and forestry sector that were captured in a delphi questionnaire designed specifically, as well as 26 participant, decision makers mainly and researchers who represented 16 institutions jeopardize with the farming, livestock and forestry sector development, which expressed their opinions in a strategies forum, during which recommendations of strategic operations were generated. The experts were analyzed, 14 system management elements for the human talents motivation in the education, research and farming livestock development, country public organizations in which it was asked to them on the present and future importance of each one of the elements and with the combination of both questions made an analysis of the evolution to develop the capacities of motivation of talents, since the perception of the panelists changed of evaluations of between 6 and 8 for the management elements, considered like of medium to high importance, towards evaluations of between 8 and 9, considered like of high importance to importance extremely elevated. Finally, they indicated some strategy actions for the human talents motivation as training to the scientific personnel, competitive income, interinstitutional interchanges, financing for the professional stability and institutional infrastructure improves.
An investigation of methane autoignition behaviour under diesel engine-relevant conditions
Creators: name: Iaconis, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: As an extension to recent experimental methane ignition delay time measurements conducted at diesel engine-relevant temperatures and pressures, further work has been conducted in an attempt to more closely converge shock tube results with actual engine operating environments. This was performed in three phases that involved reviewing previous homogeneous autoignition delay time data, characterizing a gaseous fuel injector for use in non-premixed ignition studies, and finally conducting non-premixed autoignition delay time measurements in a shock tube. First, in response to recent homogenous methane autoignition delay results that questioned the applicability of existing induction time correlations at low temperatures/high pressures, a series of homogeneous methane autoignition experiments were conducted to isolate whether pressure or temperature differences between recent results and existing correlations were responsible for observed discrepancies. Shock tube experiments were conducted at pressures between 2-4 bar and temperatures between 1100-2000 K, facilitating direct comparison with existing correlations over high temperatures and with recent results at lower, engine-relevant temperatures. These experiments indicated existing correlations could predict ignition delay times at low pressures, but differences in ignition detection methods caused noticeable scatter between correlations. Subsequently, the characteristics of a gaseous fuel injector were investigated to determine the influence of injection parameters on the injector's performance and on the jet produced. These experiments investigated the influence of injection duration and pressure on resultant jets, along with exploring the effects of pulsed injection, and the effects of various obstructions and of an enclosure on overall jet development. These experiments yielded correlations for predicting the injector's behaviour under all intended operating conditions. Finally, the coupling between chemical kinetics and fluid mechanics was explored in a series of non-premixed autoignition delay experiments. These shock tube experiments utilized a standard reflected shock technique, but with fuel injected into the shock-heated air after reflection of the incident shock wave. Chemical kinetic effects were explored by varying air temperatures and pressures, while the effects of fluid mechanic parameters were investigated by varying the fuel injection pressure and duration. These experiments suggested that high-pressure, partially premixed, pulsed direct injection could form an autoignition delay reduction strategy for diesel engines.
Opportunities and Challenges of Generative-AI in Finance
Creators: name: Desai, Akshar Prabhu
name: Mallya, Ganesh Satish
name: Luqman, Mohammad
name: Ravi, Tejasvi
name: Kota, Nithya
name: Yadav, Pranjul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Gen-AI techniques are able to improve understanding of context and nuances in language modeling, translation between languages, handle large volumes of data, provide fast, low-latency responses and can be fine-tuned for various tasks and domains. In this manuscript, we present a comprehensive overview of the applications of Gen-AI techniques in the finance domain. In particular, we present the opportunities and challenges associated with the usage of Gen-AI techniques. We also illustrate the various methodologies which can be used to train Gen-AI techniques and present the various application areas of Gen-AI technologies in the finance ecosystem. To the best of our knowledge, this work represents the most comprehensive summarization of Gen-AI techniques within the financial domain. The analysis is designed for a deep overview of areas marked for substantial advancement while simultaneously pin-point those warranting future prioritization. We also hope that this work would serve as a conduit between finance and other domains, thus fostering the cross-pollination of innovative concepts and practices.
description: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10825658
Observability of a Sharp Majorana Transition in a Few-Body Model
Creators: name: Bland, Jared
name: Greene, Chris H.
name: Wehefritz-Kaufmann, Birgit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose experimentally observable signatures of of topological Majorana quasiparticles in the few-body limit of the interacting cold-atom model of [Iemini et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 200404 (2017)]. In this limit, the total on-site density and single-body correlations change smoothly with the model parameters, while the calculated mutual information of opposite ends of the lattice indicates a sharp transition of the system to a topological ground state. Furthermore, local density and parity measurements provide an experimentally viable path for observing the ground state Majorana quasiparticles in ultracold atoms. Our results lay out a promising future for utilizing few-body systems as a testing ground for Majorana physics.
description: 5 pages 6 figures
Resilience of long modes in cosmological observables
Creators: name: Matarrese, Sabino
name: Pilo, Luigi
name: Rollo, Rocco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By a careful implementation of gauge transformations involving long-wavelength modes, we show that a variety of effects involving squeezed bispectrum configurations, for which one Fourier mode is much shorter than the other two, cannot be gauged away, except for the unphysical exactly infinite-wavelength ($k=0$) limit. Our result applies, in particular, to the Maldacena consistency relation for single-field inflation, yielding a local non-Gaussianity strength $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm local} = - (5/12)(n_S-1)$ (with $n_S$ the primordial spectral index of scalar perturbations), and to the $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm GR} = -5/3$ term, appearing in the dark matter bispectrum and in the halo bias, as a consequence of the general relativistic non-linear evolution of matter perturbations. Such effects are therefore physical and observable in principle by future high-sensitivity experiments.
description: 19 pages, no figures. LaTex. Version accepted for publication in JCAP, minor changes
Dark Matter and Galaxy Formation: Challenges for the Next Decade
Creators: name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the galaxies represents an important focus of current cosmological research, both observational and theoretical. Its resolution involves a comprehensive understanding of star formation, galaxy dynamics, the cosmology of the very early universe, and the nature of the dark matter. In this review, I will focus on those aspects of dark matter that are relevant for understanding galaxy formation, and describe the outlook for detecting the most elusive component, non-baryonic dark matter.
description: To be published in joint proceedings for Mitchell Symposium on Observational Cosmology and Strings and Cosmology Conference, College Station, April 2004, eds. R. Allen and C. Pope, AIP, New York, and in proceedings for PASCOS04/NathFest, Boston, August 2004, eds. G. Alverson and M. Vaughan, World Scientific, Singapore
Globalisation and the WTO: Attitudes Expressed by Pressure Groups and by Less Developed Countries
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: WTO
subject: Economic Globalization
subject: Trade Unions

description: The WTO and other Bretton Woods institutions are widely seen as facilitators of the process of economic globalisation, a process which has been underway for many centuries but which has accelerated since World War II. The role of the WTO, and other organizations, in this process is currently generating considerable social conflict. This article outlines the views of pressure groups from more developed countries about the role of the WTO in economic globalisation paying particular attention to concerns about labour and environmental standards. The views of trade union and labour bodies, of business organizations, farmers and environmentalists, principally from higher income countries, are presented. To some extent, labour bodies, environmentalists and trade-protected farmers appear to have formed a political alliance. In considering the views of developing countries, particular attention is given to the ‘official’ position of India in relation to the WTO. India opposes the introduction of labour and environmental standards into the WTO agenda and now appears to hold a position akin to that of many business organizations, except that it deplores economic globalisation as an inescapable evil. India is being wooed by administrators of Bretton Woods bodies to take a more prominent role in their agendas. But it is doubtful, if the views of the Indian Minister of Commerce are any indication, whether India will able to provide effective political leadership to developing countries because increasingly it has the appearance of the being handmaiden of Western capitalist interests supportive of a narrow traditional forms of economic rationalism. It is possible that China may be able to provide that leadership after it joins WTO but this will depend on its development and support for an appropriate global social philosophy which might be anchored on the notion of sustainable development. But given that China itself is undergoing considerable variation in its social and economic philosophy, the future leadership role of China for the developing world is unclear.
MAKTABGACHA TA'LIM TASHKILOTLARINI INNOVATSION BOSHQARISH: NAZARIY VA METODIK YONDASHUVLAR
Creators: name: Temirov, A.A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Mazkur maqolada maktabgacha ta’lim tashkilotlarini boshqarishda innovatsion yondashuvlarning ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Jamiyatning jadal rivojlanishi va ta’lim sifatiga qo‘yilayotgan talablarning oshishi sharoitida boshqaruv jarayonlarini takomillashtirish zaruriyati asoslanadi. Tadqiqotda innovatsion yondashuvlarning nazariy va uslubiy asoslari ko‘rib chiqilgan.
Additional file 1 of Ocular lesions in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: genetics and clinical characteristics
Creators: name: Gómez-Acebo, Inés
name: Prado, Sara Rodríguez
name: Mora, Ángel De La
name: Puente, Roberto Zarrabeitia
name: Varela, Beatriz De La Roza
name: Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad
name: Llorca, Javier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Association of ocular telangiectasias with personal history. Supplementary Table 2. Association of ocular involvement with bleeding in other locations. Supplementary Table 3. Association of ocular involvement with epistaxis characteristics. Supplementary Table 4. Association of ocular telangiectasias with lung involvement.
Sustainability: The Economic Bottom Line
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: conservation
subject: sustainability
subject: biodiversity

description: Points out that sustainability as such does not provide a clearcut guide to policy. First one has to decide what is to be sustained. If this is agreed, it must be in an operational from. However, difficulties may still emerge since opinions may differ about how to achieve. This is illustrated by differences in the views of economists about how sustainable development is to be achieved. Orthodox economists stress the importance of the accumulation of man-made capital to achieve this end whereas neo-Malthusians stress the importance of conserving natural resource and environmental capital. Both take an anthropocentric point of view. For political reasons the neo-Malthusian has had little support but it may eventually turn out to be correct. Economics is concerned with reducing economic scarcity and economists have traditionally suggested four main ways of doing this of which economic growth is one. However, neo-Malthusian economists believe that this may not be a sustainable strategy – it may result in future poverty. It should be noted that economic systems are embedded in social and natural systems and depend on these. Economic sustainability depends on the sustainability of these other systems. So from this point of view, it is just one of several bottom lines. Values must be considered in relation to sustainability. Economics is completely anthropocentric in its approach. Therefore, economic approaches to conservation and sustainability can be at odds with the values of deep ecologists or those willing to accord rights to other sentient beings or ecosystems independent of human wishes, or those who want to make use of value judgments other than those based on the measuring rod of money. Consequently economics evaluation is sometimes ineffective in resolving social conflict, including conflict about what should be sustained. As a rule economics alone should not be the final arbiter of social decisions. It is a part (often an important part) of the social evaluation process but not the bottom line, or just one of many lines.
Nonrelativistic QED approach to the bound-electron g factor
Creators: name: Pachucki, K.
name: Jentschura, U. D.
name: Yerokhin, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within a systematic approach based on nonrelativistic quantum electrodynamics (NRQED), we derive the one-loop self-energy correction of order alpha (Zalpha)^4 to the bound-electron g factor. In combination with numerical data, this analytic result improves theoretical predictions for the self-energy correction for carbon and oxygen by an order of magnitude. Basing on one-loop calculations, we obtain the logarithmic two-loop contribution of order alpha^2 (Zalpha)^4 ln[(Zalpha)^-2] and the dominant part of the corresponding constant term. The results obtained improve the accuracy of the theoretical predictions for the 1S bound-electron g factor and influence the value of the electron mass determined from g factor measurements.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX
Hadronic Interactions of Ultra-High Energy Photons with Protons and Light Nuclei in the Dipole Picture
Creators: name: Strikman, T. C. Rogers M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the dipole formalism that has been developed to describe low-x deep inelastic scattering to the case of ultra-high energy real photons with nucleon and nuclear targets. We hope that there will be future modeling applications in high-energy particle astrophysics. We modify the dipole model of McDermott, Frankfurt, Guzey, and Strikman (MFGS) by fixing the cross section at the maximum value allowed by the unitarity constraint whenever the dipole model would otherwise predict a unitarity violation. We observe that, under reasonable assumptions, a significant fraction of the real photon cross section results from dipole interactions where the QCD coupling constant is small, and that the MFGS model is consistent with the Froissart bound. The resulting model predicts a rise of the cross section of about a factor of 12 when the the photon energy is increased from $10^{3}$ GeV to $10^{12}$ GeV. We extend the analysis to the case of scattering off a $^{12}$C target. We find that, due to the low thickness of the light nuclei, unitarity for the scattering off individual nucleons plays a larger role than for the scattering off the nucleus as a whole. At the same time the proximity to the black disk limit results in a substantial increase of the amount of nuclear shadowing. This, in turn, slows down the rate of increase of the total cross section with energy as compared to the proton case. As a result we find that the $^{12}$C nuclear cross section rises by about a factor of 7 when the photon energy is increased from $10^{3}$ GeV to $10^{12}$ GeV. We also find that the fraction of the cross section due to production of charm reaches 30% for the highest considered energies with a $^{12}$C target.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures 32 pages, 12 figures fixed typos, added background remarks, added reference and curve to figure 4
Trade and Environment: Evidence from China's Manufacturing Sector
Creators: name: Chai, Joseph C.H.
name: Chai, Joseph C.H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: trade liberalization
subject: China
subject: manufacturing

description: This paper uses the manufacturing sector in China to consider whether globalization of the Chinese economy over the past two decades has contributed to the decline in environmental conditions. The results show that China's experience with the trade liberalization-environment nexus is consistent with international evidence. On one hand, trade liberalization has had various positive effects on the environment. Firstly, it promoted specialization in areas of comparative advantage, which, in general, included industries that contributed less to environmental degradation. Secondly, it allowed China to access and adopt the best international practices in pollution abatement technology. Thirdly, it enabled China to transfer environmental costs to other countries by importing intermediate products whose production contributed to environmental degradation. On the other hand, these positive effects were overwhelmed by a negative scale effect, which was the result of a huge increase in the demand for Chinese exports. The paper concludes that if China is to prevent pollution from reaching a critical threshold, environmental regulations need to be tightened.
Additional file 1 of Socioeconomic inequality in tobacco expenditure in Iran: a cross-sectional analysis at national and subnational levels
Creators: name: Rezaei, Satar
name: Pulok, Mohammad Habibullah
name: Ebrahimi, Mohammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Proportion of households with positive tobacco expenditure in the past month by province in Iran, 2018. The proportion of households with tobacco expenditure more than zero in the last month was about 20%. These proportions for provinces based on their Human Development Index (HDI) were 18.7%, 22.9, and 18.8% (high, middle, and low, correspondingly).