cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Oscillating Strange Quark Matter Objects Excited in Stellar Systems
Creators: name: Kutschera, Marek
name: Bratek, Łukasz
name: Jałocha, Joanna
name: Kubis, Sebastian
name: Kędziorek, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that strange quark matter (SQM) objects, stars, and planets, can very efficiently convert the mechanical energy into hadronic energy when they oscillate. This is because the mass density at the edge of SQM objects, $ρ_0{=}4.7{\times}10^{14}\frac{\mathrm{g}}{\mathrm{cm}^3}$, is the critical density below which SQM is unstable with respect to decay into photons, hadrons, and leptons. We consider here radial oscillations of SQM objects that could be induced in stellar or planetary systems where tidal interactions are ubiquitous. Oscillations of $0.1\%$ radius amplitude already result in $1\,$keV per unit baryon number excitation near the surface of SQM stars. The excitation energy is converted into electromagnetic energy in a short time of 1 ms, during a few oscillations. Higher amplitude oscillations result in faster energy release that could lead to fragmentation or dissolution of SQM stars. This would have significant consequences for hypothetical SQM star binaries and planetary systems of SQM planets with regard to gravitational wave emission.
description: 7 pages, 3 captioned figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 1 of A probabilistic health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in edible vegetable oils consumed in Hamadan, Iran
Creators: name: Mehri, Fereshteh
name: Heshmati, Ali
name: Ghane, Elaheh Talebi
name: Khazaei, Mohammad
name: Mahmudiono, Trias
name: Fakhri, Yadolah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. THQ in the adults consumers due to ingestion traditional vegetable oils content of PTEs. Appendix 2. THQ in the children consumers due to ingestion traditional vegetable oils content of PTEs. Appendix 3. THQ in the adults consumers due to ingestion industrial vegetable oils content of PTEs. Appendix4. THQ in the children consumers due to ingestion industrial vegetable oils content of PTEs.
Fuelwood or Grain? A Conjoint Analysis of Trait Preferences for Pigeonpea among Smallholders in Southern Malawi
Creators: name: Tsusaka, T.
name: Orr, A.
name: Msere, H.
name: Harris, D.
name: Rao, N. Vpr Ganga
name: Tsusaka, T.
name: Orr, A.
name: Msere, H.
name: Harris, D.
name: Rao, N. Vpr Ganga
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: An experimental study was conducted on pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan), an important grain legume in poverty-stricken Southern Malawi. Crop productivity has remained low primarily because of the stagnant adoption of improved varieties. However, within the last decade the non-improved variety Nthawajuni has been widely and rapidly adopted, with its popularity attributed to its early maturity and alleged higher stem biomass, used as fuelwood. By adapting conjoint design and analysis to producers case, the study attempted to unpack producers preferences for different traits by gender. The ordered probit and other regression models were estimated to identify the marginal effects of the six key traits on varietal scoring: crop yield, grain color, maturity period, stem production, disease resistance, and cooking time. Whilst the descriptive statistics confirmed the heavy reliance on stems for fuelwood, the results showed that the targeted producers valued high-yielding and disease-resistance traits most, with fuelwood the least important trait. The low marginal effect of stem biomass suggests that producers are satisfied with the current quantity of fuelwood they obtain from improved varieties. It is recommended that development of the next generation of pigeonpea varieties focus on yield-enhancing traits including disease resistance, while maintaining the current level of biomass in stems. Acknowledgement : The authors thank the CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Systems for funding the fieldwork. The CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes provided administrative support, where Drs. Moses Siambi and Patrick Okori approved the implementation. The team of field enumerators performed computer assisted personal interviews with women and men respondents from sampled households; namely, Esther Zidana, Dalitso Mpeketula, Ellen Zangewa, Gerald Kangombe, Thokozani Kamwala, James Mbughi, Emmanuel Nsangwa, and Kondwani N gon gola. The outcome of this research fits within the framework of the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions and Markets led by International Food Policy Research Institute.
Stochastic evolution of scalar fields with continuous symmetries during inflation
Creators: name: Adshead, Peter
name: Pearce, Lauren
name: Shelton, Jessie
name: Weiner, Zachary J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During inflation, scalar fields with masses less than the Hubble scale acquire vacuum expectation values (vevs) via stochastic processes driven by quantum fluctuations. For nearly massless spectator scalars transforming nontrivially under a continuous symmetry group, we demonstrate that the evolution of the vev depends on the dimensionality of the scalar field space. Fields in larger representations both attain larger vacuum expectation values and converge more rapidly to equilibrium. We present an argument demonstrating how this higher-dimensional evolution can be obtained in unitary gauge for fields transforming under local symmetries with a mass gap that is small compared to the Hubble scale. Finally, we show that accounting for the full number of degrees of freedom in the Standard Model Higgs multiplet tightens Higgs stability constraints on the inflationary scale at the percent level and has more dramatic consequences for both the vev and the energy stored in the Higgs field after inflation.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures Updated to match version accepted by PRD
Does non-farm income affect food security? Evidence from India
Creators: name: Rahman, A.
name: Mishra, S.
name: Rahman, A.
name: Mishra, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Livelihood diversification and greater non-farm income have been considered as useful mechanisms to propel growth, lower rural poverty and augment farm income in the developing countries. Little, however, is known about its im- plications for nutritional outcomes such as dietary diversity. This article con- tributes to the literature by investigating whether greater non-farm income helps in improving food consumption patterns and dietary diversity. Using a nationally representative panel data of rural India and an instrumental variable (IV) approach, we investigate this association and find that non-farm income increases expenditure on food products especially non-cereal prod- ucts, leading to greater household dietary diversity. This has crucial policy implications for nutrition transition and livelihood diversification, further contributing to the existing knowledge on agriculture-nutrition pathways. Acknowledgement :
An egg for an egg and a bean for a bean? How production diversity determines dietary diversity of smallholder farmers in rural India
Creators: name: Ludwig, T.
name: Ludwig, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: On-farm production diversity of smallholder farmers can improve the nutrition security of the household. The objective is to determine the significance and relevance of this relationship by considering the different degrees of separability between both the commercial and consumptive production of food. A household-level survey covering socioeconomic, agricultural and nutritional data was conducted in three regions of India from January to June 2017 including 1324 households in 119 villages. Various regression specifications (OLS, Poisson, Probit, IV / non-IV) were used to estimate the effect of production diversity on dietary diversity. Average yearly rainfall since 1981 is the excluded instrument. A positive association is estimated ( : 0.417 / 0.016 | IV / non-IV). Access to markets improve dietary diversity on average by 0.5 food groups. The increase is significant only for a few food groups (dairy products, nuts and vegetable) and primarily, it is the higher income groups that benefit from market integration. In conclusion, production diversity does improve nutrition security, but the positive market effect is stronger for farming households that have a higher income. Acknowledgement : The author would like to thank Professor Joachim von Braun and Professor Arijita Dutta for their guidance and suggestions. The author gratefully acknowledges the support of Pravah, Welthungerhilfe and GIZ for conducting the surveys. The author also thanks Guido L chters, Chiara Kofol, Davide Pesenti, Claudia Witkowski, Poornima Thapa, Gayatri Mitra, and Krishna Kant without whom the study would have not been possible. Financial support was provided by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development and by the Fiat Panis Foundation. All errors are my own.
The retention quagmire: Successful retention of African American faculty in a Predominantly White Institution of higher education
Creators: name: Bass, Cedric T.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3903
subject: Education systems
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: This study examined the perceptions that African American faculty members have about the institutional environment of a Predominantly White Institution of higher education (PWI) which led to a higher retention rate of African American faculty members than that reported in other PWIs. This study described the retention policies and practices of that PWI. This study, consistent with its purpose, also led to the creation of a profile of the African American faculty members at the PWI of this study. The PWI of this study was initially a small private academy but had since grown into a major public university that offered a wealth of educational resources. The main campus of the subject PWI offered a small-town college atmosphere that provided easy access to two major metropolitan cities. African American faculty members who participated in this study reported on employment impacting factors such as commitment, racial and ethnic relations, academic preparation, and the labor pool. Findings from this study indicated that most African American faculty members worked towards achieving personal goals. African American faculty members also expected to be treated just as other faculty members. African American faculty members at the PWI of this study believed they held positions that offered them the potential to achieve tenure and promotion. The findings of this study differ from findings for African American faculty retention reported in the literature. For example, African American faculty at this PWI indicated that factors such as campus isolation and social situations had little or no impact on their retention. African American faculty members at the subject PWI were focused on opportunities to achieve tenure, to present at conferences and to perform research.
The Role of Gender in ICT-mediated Agricultural Information Campaigns
Creators: name: Van Campenhout, B.
name: Spielman, D.
name: Lecoutere, E.
name: Van Campenhout, B.
name: Spielman, D.
name: Lecoutere, E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: In agricultural information dissemination campaigns through agricultural advisory services, seemingly small design attributes, such as the way the information is delivered, who delivers the information, or who is targeted by the message, can result in significant differences in effectiveness and inclusiveness of the intervention. In the context of Information & Communication Technology (ICT) mediated knowledge transfer, this study investigates the importance of the gender composition of the person(s) who provide(s) the information and the gender composition of the person(s) who receive(s) the information. In particular, we set up a field experiment among smallholder maize farmers in Uganda to assess if reducing asymmetric information within the household leads to improved outcomes. In addition, we study the effectiveness of promoting a more cooperative approach to household farming. Finally, we test for gender homophily effects, where female farmers learn more from female trainers. Effectiveness is assessed in terms of knowledge gained, adoption of modern inputs and recommend practices, yield, and poverty reduction. Outcomes are dis-aggregated by gender to study changes in intra-household equity and women empowerment. While endline of the study is planned for February 2018, we preview encouraging effects on knowledge transfer as measured immediately after administering the treatments. Acknowledgement : We acknowledge support from USAID's Global Development Lab and Digital Green.
Fertigation: Enhancing Crop Yield with Precision Nutrient Management
Creators: name: Dr. Bharat Malunjkar¹, Dr. Vaibhav S. Malunjkar², Dr. Nilesh Magar³
Publisher: name: trends in Agriculture Science
Year: 2024

description: Fertigation, the process of applying water and fertilizers simultaneously through irrigation systems, is transforming modern agriculture by improving crop yields and optimizing nutrient use efficiency. This article divides into the principles, advantages, and best practices of fertigation, emphasizing its significance in sustainable farming. By precisely delivering nutrients to the root zone, fertigation reduces nutrient loss, mitigates environmental impact, and fosters healthier crop development. The article also examines the compatibility of various water-soluble fertilizers with drip irrigation systems across different crops and soil types. This article helps to understand how fertigation enhances crop productivity, supports sustainable agricultural practices, and contributes to global food security.
Static fluid cylinders and their fields: global solutions
Creators: name: Bicak, J.
name: Ledvinka, T.
name: Schmidt, B. G.
name: Zofka, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The global properties of static perfect-fluid cylinders and their external Levi-Civita fields are studied both analytically and numerically. The existence and uniqueness of global solutions is demonstrated for a fairly general equation of state of the fluid. In the case of a fluid admitting a non-vanishing density for zero pressure, it is shown that the cylinder's radius has to be finite. For incompressible fluid, the field equations are solved analytically for nearly Newtonian cylinders and numerically in fully relativistic situations. Various physical quantities such as proper and circumferential radii, external conicity parameter and masses per unit proper/coordinate length are exhibited graphically.
Additional file 1 of Impacts of school feeding on educational and health outcomes of school-age children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Dongqing Wang
name: Wafaie W. Fawzi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional File 1. PubMed search strategy.
Three essays on the effects of social transfers, non-farm income, and international migration: Microeconometric evidence from Albania
Creators: name: Kilic, Talip
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: The first essay uses the 2002 and 2005 Albanian Living Standards Measurement Surveys (ALSMS02 & ALSMS05) to estimate the effects of participation in the Ndihma Ekonomike (NE) social assistance program and old-age pensions on household welfare. Given the lack of consumption panel data, the empirical methodology is propensity score matching. We find that NE households record lower per capita consumption, and exhibit a higher degree of discontent with life than their comparators. These differences are induced by the trends in urban areas. Alternatively, the avenge differences in all welfare outcomes between pensioners and non-pensioners are not statistically significant, regardless of urban or rural residence. The impact of NE on welfare may be driven by negative labor response to program transfers. We test this hypothesis using the Albanian Panel Survey and recover a large and negative effect of household NE receipts on individual labor supply measured in tertres of labor force participation and number of hours or weeks worked. The impact is only in urban areas, and larger among women. Conversely, pension receipts do not significantly impact any labor outcomes of interest. The second essay uses the ALSMS05 to explore the impact of Waal household nonfarm income generating activities on agricultural expenditures and technical efficiency. Our results show that overall, Albanian rural households utilize their non-faint earnings not to invest in efficiency-increasing technologies, but to move out of crop production. We derive similar findings when the same relation is estimated separately for commercial and subsistence farmers. However, among commercial farmers, household non-farm earnings are positively associated with livestock expenditures. The last essay employs the ALSMS05 to assess the impact of household past migration experience on non-farm business ownership. Our results indicate that household past migration experience exerts a positive impact on non-farm business ownership. In particular while one additional year in Greece increases the probability of business ownership by roughly 7 percent, a similar experience in Italy or further destinations raises the likelihood by over 30 percent. Although household past migration experience for the period of 1990--2000 is positively associated with the probability of owning a non-farm enterprise, a similar impact does not materialize for the recent period of 2001--2004.
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) petrellum
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) petrellum (Cockerell, 1903)
[Holotype: USNM; ♀ San Pedro, California, USA; July 11]
Lasioglossum petrellum inhabits the CFP and SD in the southwestern USA and the BCP, Mexico, where it has been previously documented in the Coastal Sage Matorral in the Coronado Islands, the Gulf Coast in Isla Carmen, and the Sarcocaulescent Shrubland ecoregions (Gardner & Gibbs 2020). The BBPT collected this species in the Coastal Sage Matorral in May (1 ♀), and June 2020 (1 ♀), July 2022 (1 ♀), and July 2023 (1 ♀); and in the Baja California Mountains in Sierra Juarez in May 2022 (2 ♀). Voucher specimens are in MABC, and ECOAB. See fig. 179.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 261, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
Three essays on the effects of social transfers, non-farm income, and international migration: Microeconometric evidence from Albania
Creators: name: Kilic, Talip
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The first essay uses the 2002 and 2005 Albanian Living Standards Measurement Surveys (ALSMS02 & ALSMS05) to estimate the effects of participation in the Ndihma Ekonomike (NE) social assistance program and old-age pensions on household welfare. Given the lack of consumption panel data, the empirical methodology is propensity score matching. We find that NE households record lower per capita consumption, and exhibit a higher degree of discontent with life than their comparators. These differences are induced by the trends in urban areas. Alternatively, the avenge differences in all welfare outcomes between pensioners and non-pensioners are not statistically significant, regardless of urban or rural residence. The impact of NE on welfare may be driven by negative labor response to program transfers. We test this hypothesis using the Albanian Panel Survey and recover a large and negative effect of household NE receipts on individual labor supply measured in tertres of labor force participation and number of hours or weeks worked. The impact is only in urban areas, and larger among women. Conversely, pension receipts do not significantly impact any labor outcomes of interest. The second essay uses the ALSMS05 to explore the impact of Waal household nonfarm income generating activities on agricultural expenditures and technical efficiency. Our results show that overall, Albanian rural households utilize their non-faint earnings not to invest in efficiency-increasing technologies, but to move out of crop production. We derive similar findings when the same relation is estimated separately for commercial and subsistence farmers. However, among commercial farmers, household non-farm earnings are positively associated with livestock expenditures. The last essay employs the ALSMS05 to assess the impact of household past migration experience on non-farm business ownership. Our results indicate that household past migration experience exerts a positive impact on non-farm business ownership. In particular while one additional year in Greece increases the probability of business ownership by roughly 7 percent, a similar experience in Italy or further destinations raises the likelihood by over 30 percent. Although household past migration experience for the period of 1990--2000 is positively associated with the probability of owning a non-farm enterprise, a similar impact does not materialize for the recent period of 2001--2004.
The Reality of Food Losses: A New Measurement Methodology
Creators: name: Torero, M.
name: Schuster, M.
name: Delgado, L.
name: Torero, M.
name: Schuster, M.
name: Delgado, L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Measuring food loss, identifying where in the food system it occurs, and developing effective policies along the value chain are essential first steps toward addressing the problem in developing countries. Food loss have been defined in many ways, and disagreement remains over proper terminology and measurement methodology. Although the terms postharvest loss, food loss , and food waste are frequently used interchangeably, they do not refer to the same aspects of the problem. Also, none of these classifications includes preharvest losses. Consequently and despite its presumed importance, figures on food loss are highly inconsistent, precise causes for food loss remain undetected and success stories of decreasing food loss are few. We address this measurement gap by developing and testing three methodologies that assess the magnitude of food loss; we compare these against the methodology traditionally used. The methods account for losses from pre-harvest to distribution, and include quantity loss and quality deterioration. We apply the instrument to producers, middlemen and wholesalers in eight staple food value chains in six developing countries. Results suggest that losses are highest at the producer level and most product deterioration occurs previous to harvest. Traiditionally used self-reported measures seem to consistently underestimate the loss. Acknowledgement :
Modular Techniques for Effective Localization and Double Ideal Quotient
Creators: name: Ishihara, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: By double ideal quotient, we mean $(I:(I:J))$ where ideals $I$ and $J$. In our previous work [11], double ideal quotient and its variants are shown to be very useful for checking prime divisor and generating primary component. Combining those properties, we can compute "direct localization" effectively, comparing with full primary decomposition. In this paper, we apply modular techniques effectively to computation of such double ideal quotient and its variants, where first we compute them modulo several prime numbers and then lift them up over rational numbers by Chinese Remainder Theorem and rational reconstruction. As a new modular technique for double ideal quotient and its variants, we devise criteria for output from modular computations. Also, we apply modular techniques to intermediate primary decomposition. We examine the effectiveness of our modular techniques for several examples by preliminary computational experiences on Singular.
Additional file 1 of A formula for predicting emphysema extent in combined idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema
Creators: name: Wells, Athol U.
name: Jacob, Joseph
name: Sverzellati, Nicola
name: Cross, Gary
name: Barnett, Joseph
name: De Lauretis, Angelo
name: Antoniou, Katerina
name: Weycker, Derek
name: Atwood, Mark
name: Kirchgaessler, Klaus-Uwe
name: Cottin, Vincent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
The endogenous role of BDNF/TrkB activity in the insular cortex during methylphenidate-induced taste avoidance
Creators: name: Wetzell, B. Bradley
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Drug intake is thought to reflect an affective balance, such that a drug's rewarding effects increase the propensity for use, while its aversive effects limit it. A common behavioral assay to assess the aversive effects of drugs is the conditioned taste avoidance procedure (CTA). The insular cortex (IC) is believed to be a critical center for higher order processing of CTA learning and the activity in this region of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor, the tropomyosin related kinase receptor type B (TrkB), has been repeatedly demonstrated to be involved in the phenomenon. The present set of studies examined the endogenous role of IC BDNF/TrkB in CTA induced by methylphenidate (MPH) via employment of two behavioral manipulations known to alter a CTA's strength (i.e., age effects and preexposure effects), followed by assessment of the expression of BDNF, TrkB and its activated form, pTrkB, using Western blots. IC BDNF/TrkB was found to both potentiate and attenuate the strength of CTA learning, which appeared to depend upon its relative concentration and temporal relation to other CTA related signaling cascades in the region. Implications and future directions are discussed.
The Synthetic Emission Line COSMOS catalog: H$α$ and [OII] galaxy luminosity functions and counts at $0.3
Creators: name: Saito, Shun
name: de la Torre, Sylvain
name: Ilbert, Olivier
name: Dubois, Cédric
name: Yabe, Kiyoto
name: Coupon, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Star-forming galaxies with strong nebular and collisional emission lines are privileged target galaxies in forthcoming cosmological large galaxy redshift surveys. We use the COSMOS2015 photometric catalog to model galaxy spectral energy distributions and emission-line fluxes. We adopt an empirical but physically-motivated model that uses information from the best-fitting spectral energy distribution of stellar continuum to each galaxy. The emission-line flux model is calibrated and validated against direct flux measurements in subsets of galaxies that have 3D-HST or zCOSMOS-Bright spectra. We take a particular care in modelling dust attenuation such that our model can explain both H$α$ and [OII] observed fluxes at different redshifts. We find that a simple solution to this is to introduce a redshift evolution in the dust attenuation fraction parameter, $f=E_{\rm star}(B-V)/E_{\rm gas}(B-V)$, as $f(z)=0.44+0.2z$. From this catalog, we derive the H$α$ and [OII] luminosity functions up to redshifts of about 2.5 after carefully accounting for emission line flux and redshift errors. This allows us to make predictions for H$α$ and [OII] galaxy number counts in next-generation cosmological redshift surveys. Our modeled emission lines and spectra in the COSMOS2015 catalog shall be useful to study the target selection for planned next-generation galaxy redshift surveys and we make them publicly available as `EL-COSMOS' on the ASPIC database.
description: 21 pages, 22 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Our catalog is available as "EL-COSMOS" on the ASPIC database, http://cesam.lam.fr/aspic/. A few typos corrected
Land Access, Land Rental Markets and Rural Poverty Dynamics in Northern Ethiopian Highlands: Panel Data evidence using Survival Models
Creators: name: Ghebru, H.
name: Holden, S.
name: Ghebru, H.
name: Holden, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: There is growing interest in understanding the links between land reforms, land markets and poverty reduction in Africa. The study uses four-wave panel data from Norther highlands of Ethiopia to assess the dynamics of rural poverty taking into account rural households status of participation in the land rental market. Applying both non-parametric (Kaplan-Meier estimator) and semi-parametric survival models that control for duration dependence of poverty transition, results show participation and degree of participation on the supply side of the tenancy market (landlords) have highly significant and positive effect on the chances of escaping poverty while the same cannot be said about the demand side of the tenancy market (tenants). The empirical evidence also confirms that households headed by older and literate people have relatively larger exit rates from poverty as compared to households headed by younger and illiterate ones. Though transacting farmers may engage themselves in win win rental arrangements by the time they join the tenancy market, results indicate that gains are unequal as those tenants who enter the markets from low economic leverage (were poor) are liable to face lower margin of net gains, which may limit their ability to move out of poverty. Acknowledgement : Funding for this research has been received from the Research Council of Norway, the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs,and the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD) and further finanicial support from the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets, led byIFPRI. None of these funders were directly involved in the design or implementation of the surveys and analytical work. The authors are not aware of any conflicts of interestrelated to the paper. The authors acknowledge valuable cooperation with Mekelle University and the Ethiopia Development Research Institute. All remaining errors are the sole responsibility of the authors.
Neutrinos from the Propagation of a Relativistic Jet Through a Star
Creators: name: Pruet, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the neutrino signature of a relativistic jet propagating through a stellar envelope, a scenario realized in the collapsar model for Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). It is shown that the dramatic slowing of the jet deep within the star is accompanied by inelastic neutron-nucleon collisions and the conversion of a substantial fraction of the jet kinetic energy to neutrinos. These neutrinos have observed energies in the range two to tens of GeV and an estimated detection rate comparable to or larger than the detection rate of GeV neutrinos from other GRB-related processes. The time delay between the arrival of these neutrinos and the GRB photons is tens of seconds. An observation of this delay would provide an indication that the GRB jet originated in a massive star.
description: To appear in ApJ
Key rates for quantum key distribution protocols with asymmetric noise
Creators: name: Murta, Gláucia
name: Rozpędek, Filip
name: Ribeiro, Jérémy
name: Elkouss, David
name: Wehner, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the asymptotic key rates achieved in the simplest quantum key distribution protocols, namely the BB84 and the six-state protocols, when non-uniform noise is present in the system. We first observe that higher qubit error rates do not necessarily imply lower key rates. Secondly, we consider protocols with advantage distillation and show that it can be advantageous to use the basis with higher quantum bit error rate for the key generation. We then discuss the relation between advantage distillation and entanglement distillation protocols. We show that applying advantage distillation to a string of bits formed by the outcomes of measurements in the basis with higher quantum bit error rate is closely connected to the two-to-one entanglement distillation protocol DEJMPS. Finally, we discuss the implications of these results for implementations of quantum key distribution.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Typos corrected and references added. Close to the published version
Effects of Advertising on the Demand for Cheese, January 1982-June 1989
Creators: name: Blaylock, James R.
name: Blisard, William N.
name: Blaylock, James R.
name: Blisard, William N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Cheese
subject: advertising
subject: demand
subject: entry
subject: exit
subject: distributed lag
subject: econometric
subject: generic
subject: processed
subject: elasticities

description: Increased advertising raised natural cheese sales by about 21 million pounds and processed cheese sales by about 193 million pounds during September 1984- June 1989. These sales were for cheese consumed at home. Declining real prices of natural cheese increased sales by about 566 million pounds. Increasing real incomes raised natural cheese sales by 379 million pounds and increased processed cheese sales by about 10 million pounds. An assessment of 15 cents per hundredweight of milk sold commercially, mandated by the Dairy and Tobacco Adjustment Act of 1983, funded the advertising. The authors used estimated econometric demand models to simulate these results.
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) punctatoventre
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) punctatoventre (Crawford, 1907)
[Holotype: USNM; ♀ Claremont, California, USA]
Lasioglossum punctatoventre is distributed in the western temperate regions, ranging from southwestern Canada to northern Mexico. Within BC, it has only been recorded in the Coastal Sage Matorral in March, and April 1941 (Cockerell 1941). We examined one male collected in the Baja California Mountains in Sierra San Pedro Mártir in July 2017 (MABC). Additionally, the BBPT collected specimens in Coastal Sage Matorral in June 2020 (1 ♀), and April 2021 (1 ♀); Chaparral in May 2022 (2 ♂), and May 2023 (1 ♀); and Baja California Mountains in Sierra Juarez in May 2022 (2 ♀). See fig. 179.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 262, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
The endogenous role of BDNF/TrkB activity in the insular cortex during methylphenidate-induced taste avoidance
Creators: name: Wetzell, B. Bradley
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5202
subject: Biological psychology

description: Drug intake is thought to reflect an affective balance, such that a drug's rewarding effects increase the propensity for use, while its aversive effects limit it. A common behavioral assay to assess the aversive effects of drugs is the conditioned taste avoidance procedure (CTA). The insular cortex (IC) is believed to be a critical center for higher order processing of CTA learning and the activity in this region of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor, the tropomyosin related kinase receptor type B (TrkB), has been repeatedly demonstrated to be involved in the phenomenon. The present set of studies examined the endogenous role of IC BDNF/TrkB in CTA induced by methylphenidate (MPH) via employment of two behavioral manipulations known to alter a CTA's strength (i.e., age effects and preexposure effects), followed by assessment of the expression of BDNF, TrkB and its activated form, pTrkB, using Western blots. IC BDNF/TrkB was found to both potentiate and attenuate the strength of CTA learning, which appeared to depend upon its relative concentration and temporal relation to other CTA related signaling cascades in the region. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Metallicity of the intergalactic medium using pixel statistics: III. Silicon
Creators: name: Aguirre, Anthony
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Kim, Tae-Sun
name: Theuns, Tom
name: Rauch, Michael
name: Sargent, Wallace L. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Modified) We study the abundance of silicon in the intergalactic medium by analyzing the statistics of SiIV, CIV, and HI pixel optical depths in a sample of 19 high-quality quasar absorption spectra spanning redshifts z ~ 2 - 4, which we compare to realistic spectra drawn from a hydrodynamical simulation. We find that silicon is highly overabundant relative to carbon and that the scatter in Si/C is much smaller than that in C/H, implying a common origin for Si and C. The inferred [Si/C] depends upon the shape of the UV background (UVB) (harder backgrounds leading to higher [Si/C]), ranging from [Si/C] ~ 1.5 for a quasar-only UVB, to [Si/C] ~ 0.25 for a UVB including both galaxies and an artificial softening. For our fiducial UVB, which includes both quasars and galaxies, we find [Si/C]=0.77 +/- 0.05, with a possible systematic error of ~ 0.1 dex. There is no evidence for evolution in [Si/C] and the data are inconsistent with previous claims of a sharp change in the SiIV/CIV ratio (or the UVB) at z ~ 3. Comparisons with low-metallicity halo stars and nucleosynthetic yields suggest that either our fiducial UVB is too hard or that supermassive Pop III stars might have to be included. The inferred [Si/C] corresponds to a contribution to the cosmic Si abundance of [Si/H] = -2.0, a significant fraction of all Si production expected by z ~ 3.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures. Accepted by ApJ. Revised version with minor corrections to match proofed published article
Gender, sex work, and human rights: A study of the legal reform of commercial sex in contemporary Taiwan
Creators: name: Wang, Yi-Lu
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4405
subject: Gender studies
classificationCode: 48
subject: Law and legal studies

description: This dissertation discusses the issue of commercial sex in Taiwan. In Today's Taiwan, the only place to conduct legal sexual transaction is in the very few licensed brothels. Even though the Social Maintenance Law (SOMA) allows the local governments to establish red-light district in their territories; however, none of them so far have considered establishing such red-light district. Outside of the red-light district that does not exist and the licensed brothels, Article 80 of SOMA sanctions sex workers and their clients with administrative fines. With almost no place to conduct legal sexual transactions, the sex industry hides in shadows. Murders, exploitations, and trafficking are haunted in this underground industry. In order to protect human rights of sex workers, legal reform is needed. I use this dissertation to argue the current criminalization legal regime in Taiwan is not working and should be discarded, and the new legal regime focusing on protecting the human rights of sex workers should be established. In order to find the best approach that assures human rights of sex workers, I discuss and analyze the policies of the United States (Criminalization Approach and Legalization of brothels), Sweden (Criminalizing clients), the Netherlands (Legalization Approach), and the New Zealand (Decriminalization Approach). I concluded the Decriminalization Approach is so far the best approach to ensure the human rights of sex workers. I argue the Constitutional Court in Taiwan should issue Interpretation to recognize the legal status of sex work and the SOMA should cease to be implemented. Lastly, for establishing the new decriminalization regime, I propose my own suggestions toward the new legislation regulating commercial sex.
Search for dijet resonances in events with an isolated charged lepton using $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for dijet resonances in events with at least one isolated charged lepton is performed using $139~{\text{fb}}^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The dijet invariant-mass ($m_{jj}$) distribution constructed from events with at least one isolated electron or muon is searched in the region $0.22 < m_{jj} < 6.3$ TeV for excesses above a smoothly falling background from Standard Model processes. Triggering based on the presence of a lepton in the event reduces limitations imposed by minimum transverse momentum thresholds for triggering on jets. This approach allows smaller dijet invariant masses to be probed than in inclusive dijet searches, targeting a variety of new-physics models, for example ones in which a new state is produced in association with a leptonically decaying $W$ or $Z$ boson. No statistically significant deviation from the Standard Model background hypothesis is found. Limits on contributions from generic Gaussian signals with widths ranging from that determined by the detector resolution up to 15% of the resonance mass are obtained for dijet invariant masses ranging from 0.25 TeV to 6 TeV. Limits are set also in the context of several scenarios beyond the Standard Model, such as the Sequential Standard Model, a technicolor model, a charged Higgs boson model and a simplified Dark Matter model.
description: 41 pages in total, author list starting at page 25, 7 figures, published on JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2018-32
Estimates of the Costs of Producing Milk in Seven Major Milk- Producing Countries, 1986
Creators: name: Baker, Derek
name: Hallberg, M. C.
name: Tanjuakio, Rodolfo
name: Elterich, Joachim
name: Beck, Robert L.
name: Liebrand, Carolyn Betts
name: Baker, Derek
name: Hallberg, M. C.
name: Tanjuakio, Rodolfo
name: Elterich, Joachim
name: Beck, Robert L.
name: Liebrand, Carolyn Betts
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Cost of production
subject: dairy
subject: milk
subject: New Zealand
subject: Germany
subject: France
subject: Canada
subject: Ireland
subject: Netherlands

description: Milk production costs per cwt in the United States and the Netherlands are quite similar and are in the middle of the range of costs estimated for the seven countries included in this analysis. New Zealand is the lowest cost milk-producing country in the world while. costs in France and West Germany are substantially higher than in the United States. Costs in Ireland are somewhat lower than in the United States, while milk production costs in Canada are also quite high compared with the United States, but significantly lower than in France or West Germany. Although the estimates are subject to error, and in some cases missing information, the estimated totals appear to be useful approximations of relative costs of producing milk in the seven countries included in the- analysis.
Thermal conductivity in the doped two-leg ladder antiferromagnet Sr$_{14-x}$Ca$_{x}$Cu$_{24}$O$_{41}$
Creators: name: Qin, Jihong
name: Feng, Shiping
name: Yuan, Feng
name: Chen, Wei Yeu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the t-J model, the heat transport of the doped two-leg ladder material Sr$_{14-x}$Ca$_{x}$Cu$_{24}$O$_{41}$ is studied in the doped regime where superconductivity appears under pressure in low temperatures. The energy dependence of the thermal conductivity $κ_{c}(ω)$ shows a low-energy peak, while the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity $κ_{c}(T)$ is characterized by a broad band. In particular, $κ_{c}(T)$ increases monotonously with increasing temperature at low temperatures $T<0.05J$, and is weakly temperature dependent in the temperature range $0.05J0.1J$, in qualitative agreement with experiments. Our result also shows that although both dressed holons and spinons are responsible for the thermal conductivity, the contribution from the dressed spinons dominates the heat transport of Sr$_{14-x}$Ca$_{x}$Cu$_{24}$O$_{41}$.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, added new references and discussions, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. A