cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Marginal deformations and quasi-Hopf algebras
Creators: name: Dlamini, Hector
name: Zoubos, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish the existence of a quasi-Hopf algebraic structure underlying the Leigh-Strassler N=1 superconformal marginal deformations of the N=4 Super-Yang-Mills theory. The scalar-sector R-matrix of these theories, which is related to their one-loop spin chain Hamiltonian, does not generically satisfy the Quantum Yang-Baxter Equation. By constructing a Drinfeld twist which relates this R-matrix to that of the N=4 SYM theory, but also produces a non-trivial co-associator, we show that the generic Leigh-Strassler R-matrix satisfies the quasi-Hopf version of the QYBE. We also use the twist to define a suitable star product which directly relates the N=4 SYM superpotential to that of the marginally deformed gauge theories. We expect our results to be relevant to studies of integrability (and its breaking) in these theories, as well as to provide useful input for supergravity solution-generating techniques.
description: 38 pages, 2 figures, Mathematica notebook submitted. v2: Typos fixed, references added
title: Autonomous underwater vehicle based camera and side-scan sonar assessments of scallop grounds in West Iceland
Creators: name: Singh, Warsha
name: Ornolfsdottir, Erla B.
name: Stefansson, Gunnar
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session F
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Underwater robots, such as autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) equipped with digital and acoustic imaging capabilities, offer a new platform for fishery studies with some known benefits over conventional methods. The proposed approach here was to investigate the use of this survey technique for macrobenthic organisms, specifically the Iceland scallop (Chlamys islandica). A pilot survey in Breidafjordur, western Iceland, was conducted in September 2010, where ten sites were surveyed. Sample locations were previously known scallop dredging sites, with one exception. Two to four parallel transects, 30–50 m apart, were taken at each site, sampling between 400–800 m in length. The AUV was programmed to bottom‐track either at 2.0 or 2.5 m from the seabed. Photos taken from a downward‐facing camera at 2.0 m from the bottom covered approximately 3 m2 of ground area. High‐ and low‐frequency sidescan sonar images were also taken at 10 m and 30 m range, respectively. Image‐enhancement techniques were used to identify and count scallops from the digital photos. Other organisms, such as the common whelk and sea urchins, were also quantifiable. Maps of sidescan sonar images revealed the substrate type at the scallop grounds. Furthermore, it was apparent that higher quality photos were obtained at 2 m from the bottom, where organisms could be identified without difficulty. The imminent objectives are to obtain population density estimates of the scallops within a defined area and relate the distribution and population density to habitat type.
LEASING AND ITS ADVANTAGES FROM CONVENTIONAL LEASE RELATIVELY
Creators: name: Luarsabishvili, M.
name: Shamugia, A.
Publisher: name: Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: Leasing
Investments
Lease

description: The restoration, development and prosperity of Georgian economy requires significant investment, which is almost impossible due to its limited financial resources. The way out of this situation is development of leasing relations. The relevance of research topic is determined by its practical purpose. It is important to determine an advantages of leasing arising from the characteristics of leasing as a finance lease. Leasing dates back to time immemorial and people have known it by many names, including leasing and renting. The lease agreement is very similar in nature to an obligations of other legal entities. In the scientific literature, the most heated discussion is the question of equating a lease agreement with a Leasing agreement. It is necessary to form a unified approach that will contribute to development of this institution. A number of criteria set out in an article allow us to distinguish between "leasing" and "lease" two different legal categories of obligations. Based on the materials used, our mutual opinion clearly reveals the purpose and possibilities of leasing as a legal entity, which leads to the discovery of similarities and differences between financial and operating leasing. And between the lessee, an approaches to accounting for financial leasing and conventional leasing there are analyzed by an authors. An article discusses the practical situations that would typically lead to the classification of a lease as a finance lease, individually or in combination, the recognized advantages of leasing derive from the characteristics of leasing as a finance lease.
Inverse obstacle scattering for Maxwell's equations in an unbounded structure
Creators: name: Li, Peijun
name: Wang, Jue
name: Zhang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is concerned with analysis of electromagnetic wave scattering by an obstacle which is embedded in a two-layered lossy medium separated by an unbounded rough surface. Given a dipole point source, the direct problem is to determine the electromagnetic wave field for the given obstacle and unbounded rough surface; the inverse problem is to reconstruct simultaneously the obstacle and unbounded rough surface from the electromagnetic field measured on a plane surface above the obstacle. For the direct problem, a new boundary integral equation is proposed and its well-posedness is established. The analysis is based on the exponential decay of the dyadic Green function for Maxwell's equations in a lossy medium. For the inverse problem, the global uniqueness is proved and a local stability is discussed. A crucial step in the proof of the stability is to obtain the existence and characterization of the domain derivative of the electric field with respect to the shape of the obstacle and unbounded rough surface.
MODELING THE PHOTOELECTRIC PARAMETERS OF THIN SILICON-BASED SOLAR CELLS USING THE SENTAURUS TCAD
Creators: name: Komilov, M.
Publisher: name: Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: solar cell
modeling
Sentaurus TCAD
I-V characteristics

description: The Sentaurus TCAD software package is widely used in the modeling of semiconductor devices. This article presents the stages of modeling silicon-based solar cells and the results obtained based on the modeling. In this case, the I-V characteristics of a thin silicon-based solar cell were determined. It has a short-circuit current density of 26 mA/cm2 and an operating voltage of 0.46 V. It was found that the thickness of the base of the solar cell has a significant effect not only on the current density but also on the voltage.
Fractal Dimensions and Scaling Laws in the Interstellar Medium: a new Field Theory approach
Creators: name: de Vega, H. J.
name: S'anchez, N.
name: Combes, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a field theoretical approach to the cold interstellar medium (ISM). We show that a non-relativistic self-gravitating gas in thermal equilibrium with variable number of atoms or fragments is exactly equivalent to a field theory of a single scalar field ϕ({\vec x}) with exponential self interaction.We analyze this field theory perturbatively and non-perturbatively through the renormalization group approach.We show scaling behaviour(critical) for a continuous range of the temperature and of the other physical parameters. We derive in this framework the scaling relation Delta M(R) \sim R^{d_H} for the mass on a region of size R, and Delta v \sim R^q for the velocity dispersion where q = (d_H -1)/2. For the density-density correlations we find a power-law behaviour for large distances \sim|{\vec r_1} -{\vec r_2}|^{2 d_H -6}. The fractal dimension d_H turns to be related with the critical exponent nu of the correlation length by d_H = 1/nu. The renormalization group approach for a single component scalar field in three dimensions states that the long- distance critical behaviour is governed by the (non-perturbative) Ising fixed point. The corresponding values of the scaling exponents are nu = 0.631..., d_H = 1.585... and q = 0.293.... Mean field theory yields for the scaling exponents nu =1/2, d_H = 2 and q = 1/2. Both the Ising and the mean field values are compatible with the present ISM observational data: 1.4 \leq d_H \leq 2, 0.3 \leq q \leq 0.6.As typical in critical phenomena, the scaling behaviour and critical exponents of the ISM can be obtained without dwelling into the dynamical (time-dependent) behaviour. The relevant rôle of self- gravity is stressed by the authors in a Letter to Nature, September 5, 1996.
description: Latex file, 25 pages, no figures. Few minor changes. To appear in Phys. Rev. D, November 15, 1996
title: Agreement of net and acoustical methods for surveying euphausiids using a net based LED strobe light system
Creators: name: Wiebe, Peter H.
name: Lawson, Gareth L.
name: Lavery, Andone C.
name: Copley, Nancy J.
name: Horgan, Erich
name: Bradley, Albert
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session F
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Euphausiids are well known for their ability to avoid capture by standard oceanographic plankton nets. During a study of euphausiid/herring interactions in Franklin Basin (Gulf of Maine), MOCNESS tows were made at night and during daylight to provide ground‐truth for acoustic surveying of the euphausiids and fish. A 1‐m2 MOCNESS was equipped with an LED‐based strobe light with peak output between 490 and 520 nm that filled a region in front of the net with light several orders higher than normal. Concurrent acoustic data were collected at 43, 120, 200, and 420 kHz. To evaluate its efficacy in increasing euphausiid capture, two horizontal tows were done at a site where euphausiids (mostly Meganyctiphanes norvegica) were present. During each tow (6075 m at night; 160–190 m during daylight), four of the eight nets sampled with the strobe flashing and four sampled with the strobe off, in a random sequence. There was a significant increase in biovolume catch of zooplankton when the strobe light was activated with total displacement volume increased by a factor of 2.2 at night and by a factor of 5.5 during the day. This was due largely to a higher abundance of euphausiids between 10 and 35 mm during the night (factor of 4.5) and during the day (factor of 11.0). Euphausiids caught with the strobe light on accounted for most of the observed volume backscattering at 43 and 120 kHz, whereas those caught with the strobe light off did not. In addition, with the strobe light on the abundance of euphausiids collected by the nets matched the acoustically estimated abundances.
Additional file 5 of Exploring transcription factors reveals crucial members and regulatory networks involved in different abiotic stresses in Brassica napus L.
Creators: name: Wang, Pei
name: Yang, Cuiling
name: Chen, Hao
name: Luo, Longhai
name: Leng, Qiuli
name: Li, Shicong
name: Han, Zujing
name: Li, Xinchun
name: Song, Chunpeng
name: Zhang, Xiao
name: Wang, Daojie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The finally identified 315 crucial DEGs. (PDF 128 kb)
Accommodative shifting in learner: native-speaker contacts
Creators: name: James, Carl
Publisher: name: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics
Year: 1991

description: (no abstract available)
description: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics, Vol 4 (1991): Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium: Description and/or Comparison of English and Greek, Thessaloniki 23-25 April 1990
On the dative alternation in English and Mod Greek
Creators: name: Kakouriotis, Thanos
Publisher: name: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics
Year: 1991

description: (no abstract available)
description: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics, Vol 4 (1991): Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium: Description and/or Comparison of English and Greek, Thessaloniki 23-25 April 1990
OBJECTIVE REASONS FOR THE SOCIALIZATION OF THE MARKET ECONOMY
Creators: name: Bazarbayeva, L.
name: Bazarbayev, M.
Publisher: name: Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: economy
market economy
market
competition
subject
object
state
socialization

description: In the article, the authors assess the nature of the market system. Objects and subjects are defined. The essence of the market system as a system of a democratic plan is revealed. The main principles and mechanisms of the system's operation are highlighted, thereby identifying the main objective reasons for the need to socialize the market system
Phase Transitions Driven by Vortices in 2D Superfluids and Superconductors: From Kosterlitz-Thouless to 1st Order
Creators: name: Alvarez, G.
name: Fort, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson hamiltonian is studied for different values of the parameter $λ$ which multiplies the quartic term (it turns out that this is equivalent to consider different values of the coherence length $ξ$ in units of the lattice spacing $a$). It is observed that amplitude fluctuations can change dramatically the nature of the phase transition: for small values of $λ$ ($ξ/a > 0.7$), instead of the smooth Kosterlitz-Thouless transition there is a {\em first order} transition with a discontinuous jump in the vortex density $v$ and a larger non-universal drop in the helicity modulus. In particular, for $λ$ sufficiently small ($ξ/a \cong 1$), the density of bound pairs of vortex-antivortex below $T_c$ is so low that, $v$ drops to zero almost for all temperature $T
description: 8 pages, 5 .eps figures
Plasma-grains interaction mediated by streaming non-Maxwellian ions
Creators: name: Sundar, Sita
name: Moldabekov, Zhandos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive parametric study of plasma-grain interaction for non-Maxwellian streaming ions in steady-state employing particle-in-cell simulations is delineated. Instead of considering the inter-grain interaction potential to be the linear sum of isolated grain potentials, we incorporate the numerical advancement developed fully for grain shielding by including nonlinear contributions from the plasma and shadowing effect. The forces acting on grains versus inter-grain distance, streaming velocity of the ions, and impact of trapped ions density (number) are characterized for non- Maxwellian ions in the presence of charge-exchange collisions. It is found that the nonlinear plasma response considerably modifies the plasma-grains interaction. Unlike the stationary plasma case, for two identical grains separated by a distance in the presence of streaming ions, the electrostatic force is neither repulsive for all grain separations nor equivalent to the force due to one isolated grain. Inadequacy of the linear response formalism in dealing with the systems having very large grain charges is also discussed. The smallest inter-grain separation for which the role of the shadow effect can be ignored is reported.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, regular article
Empowering Dancers Through Mixed Reality: Designing Tools that Help Dancers Explore Movement Qualities in Solo Learning Environments
Creators: name: Yiliu Hong
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Design

description: Movement quality is defined as the way humans execute movements with respect to time and space. In the field of dance, movement quality is the expressive part of movement that allows dancers communicate emotions with others.
 Within the circle of dance learners, one of the challenges is the difficulty of exploring a variety of movement qualities of dance moves. Learners wish to easily find different ways of executing one dance move, and be able to understand new movement qualities so that they can learn and expand the expressive power of their own body. However, existing dance learning environments prevent learners from either (a) see enough quality variations, (b) compare two movement qualities, or (c) focus on self movement and progress. Unfortunately, all three are required for a fruitful movement quality exploration.
My thesis project explores opportunities for mixed reality technology to help dancers explore a variety of movement qualities in solo learning environments. Based on the derived design insights and principles from research, I designed a desktop application with an armband controller to help dancers (a) discover new movement qualities via both crowd-sourced collection and body awareness (b) easily understand the relations between the body and movement qualities via 3 types of feedback, and (c) increase exploration efficiency via a seamless practice flow
Growth of clogs in parallel microchannels
Creators: name: Sauret, Alban
name: Somszor, Katarzyna
name: Villermaux, Emmanuel
name: Dressaire, Emilie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the transport of colloidal suspensions in microchannels, the deposition of particles can lead to the formation of clogs, typically at constrictions. Once a clog is formed in a microchannel, advected particles form an aggregate upstream from the site of the blockage. This aggregate grows over time, which leads to a dramatic reduction of the flow rate. In this paper, we present a model that predicts the growth of the aggregate formed upon clogging of a microchannel. We develop an analytical description that captures the time evolution of the volume of the aggregate, as confirmed by experiments performed using a pressure-driven suspension flow in a microfluidic device. We show that the growth of the aggregate increases the hydraulic resistance in the channel and leads to a drop in the flow rate of the suspensions. We then derive a model for the growth of aggregates in multiple parallel microchannels where the clogging events are described using a stochastic approach. The aggregate growths in the different channels are coupled. Our work illustrates the critical influence of clogging events on the evolution of the flow rate in microchannels. The coupled dynamics of the aggregates described here for parallel channels is key to bridge clogging at the pore scale with macroscopic observations of the flow rate evolution at the filter scale.
title: In-situ measurements of the individual acoustic backscatter of European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) and sardine (Sardina Pilchardus), with concurrent optical identification
Creators: name: Doray, Mathieu
name: Berger, Laurent
name: Coail, Jean Yves
name: Vacherot, Jean Philippe
name: Bavouzet, Gérard
name: Petitgas, Pierre
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session F
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Knowledge of the acoustic response of a single fish (or target strength, TS) is of prime importance for acoustic target classification and abundance estimation. TS is a stochastic variable which varies in the wild in response to changes in physical (tilt angle, depth) or biological (physiology) singlefish attributes. The first requirement in making sound TS measurements is to accurately identify the species comprising the fish targets. Fish target identification is usually carried out by fishing. The comparison between fishing and acoustic data may be biased by the large differences in sampling volume and selectivity between acoustic and fishing devices. Optical systems can improve target identification by providing images of the fish simultaneously ensonified by the echosounder. We used Ifremer’s towed body ”EROC”, fitted with an optical–acoustic system, to conduct in situ TS measurements of Biscay anchovy and sardine, with concurrent optical identification. The towed body was equipped with a Simrad EK60 200 kHz split‐beam echosounder and a low‐light black and white still camera. Combined optical–acoustic observations were made at various depths (10–100 m) during day and night, with or without concurrent pelagic trawling, to devise the most efficient way of measuring TS of optically identified small pelagic fish.
STAFFING OF THE STATE AND MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM
Creators: name: Zelentsova, S.
name: Khadasevich, N.
Publisher: name: Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: personnel
state and municipal management
labor potential
personnel policy

description: The article considers the directions of the state personnel policy, in particular, the provision of personnel for the system of state and municipal administration in the subjects of the Russian Federation.
title: Spatio-temporal variation in the distribution of gadoid fishes (family: Gadidae) in relation to the installation history of offshore artificial structures in the North Sea
Creators: name: Fujii, Toyonobu
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session G
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.There are no less than 500 offshore installations extracting oil and gas from the continental shelf in the North Sea. Initially, marine policy issues surrounding the offshore activities were focused primarily upon the effects of new production facilities on fish stocks and fisheries because they could generate negative externalities, either by increasing local pollution levels or by making considerable fishing areas inaccessible for fishing vessels. However, recent studies have suggested that the presence of physical structures of offshore platforms may in fact have beneficial effects for fisheries because they may serve as artificial reefs that attract marine life and increase the number of economically important fish and invertebrates around the structures. The aim of this presentation is to assess the potential value of existing offshore platforms as reef habitat and thereby advance research in the field of habitat utilization by marine fish. Many species belonging to the fish family Gadidae have been shown to exhibit enhanced abundance around offshore structures in the North Sea, and hence changes in the distributions of these fish in the past 25 years have been mapped and analysed in relation to key environmental variables such as temperature, salinity, depth, and slope, as well as the installation history of offshore artificial structures using GIS applications. Results from the statistical analysis demonstrated there are significant influences of the presence of the offshore structures on the distribution of certain gadoids of particular age classes, and implications for the marine spatial management of the seabed will be presented.
Signature of Gravity Waves in Polarization of the Microwave Background
Creators: name: Seljak, Uros
name: Zaldarriaga, Matias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using spin-weighted decomposition of polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) we show that a particular combination of Stokes $Q$ and $U$ parameters vanishes for primordial fluctuations generated by scalar modes, but does not for those generated by primordial gravity waves. Because of this gravity wave detection is not limited by cosmic variance as in the case of temperature fluctuations. We present the exact expressions for various polarization power spectra, which are valid on any scale. Numerical evaluation in inflation-based models shows that the expected signal is of the order of 0.5 $μK$, which could be directly tested in future CMB experiments.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX, matches the accepted version (to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett.); code available at http://arcturus.mit.edu:80/~matiasz/CMBFAST/cmbfast.html
The impact of language on Greek political advertising
Creators: name: Kazamia, Vasilia
Publisher: name: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics
Year: 1991

description: (no abstract available)
description: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics, Vol 4 (1991): Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium: Description and/or Comparison of English and Greek, Thessaloniki 23-25 April 1990
Decoding Schemes for Foliated Sparse Quantum Error Correcting Codes
Creators: name: Bolt, A.
name: Poulin, D.
name: Stace, T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Foliated quantum codes are a resource for fault-tolerant measurement-based quantum error correction for quantum repeaters and for quantum computation. They represent a general approach to integrating a range of possible quantum error correcting codes into larger fault-tolerant networks. Here we present an efficient heuristic decoding scheme for foliated quantum codes, based on message passing between primal and dual code 'sheets'. We test this decoder on two different families of sparse quantum error correcting code: turbo codes and bicycle codes, and show reasonably high numerical performance thresholds. We also present a construction schedule for building such code states.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
DISCOVERING “BRAIN”, “LOGIC”, AND “SENSATION” IN JOYCE’S RUSSIAN PUBLICATIONS IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
Creators: name: Dobrovolskaya, M.
Publisher: name: Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: Joyce and Russian writers
brain
translation

description: This article discusses James Joyce’s novel Ulysses through Russian translations in the 20th century. Using Vygotsky’s theory of the identical psychological processes of the perception and creation of a work of art and the processes of perception and creation of a word, the present study traces a variety of critical opinions on Joyce’s unique mental abilities, including memory, his intensive “brainwork” in writing Ulysses. The role of academic studies and some critical opinions are illustrated in the research as they draw parallels between Joyce and Russian writers.
The metal-insulator transition in amorphous Si_{1-x}Ni_x: Evidence for Mott's minimum metallic conductivity
Creators: name: Mobius, A.
name: Frenzel, C.
name: Thielsch, R.
name: Rosenbaum, R.
name: Adkins, C. J.
name: Schreiber, M.
name: Bauer, H. -D.
name: Grotzschel, R.
name: Hoffmann, V.
name: Krieg, T.
name: Matz, N.
name: Vinzelberg, H.
name: Witcomb, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the metal-insulator transition in two sets of amorphous Si_{1-x}Ni_x films. The sets were prepared by different, electron-beam-evaporation-based technologies: evaporation of the alloy, and gradient deposition from separate Ni and Si crucibles. The characterization included electron and scanning tunneling microscopy, glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, and Rutherford back scattering. Investigating the logarithmic temperature derivative of the conductivity, w = d ln sigma / d ln T, we observe that, for insulating samples, w(T) shows a minimum increasing at both low and high T. Both the minimum value of w and the corresponding temperature seem to tend to zero as the transition is approached. The analysis of this feature of w(T,x) leads to the conclusion that the transition in Si_{1-x}Ni_x is very likely discontinuous at zero temperature in agreement with Mott's original views.
description: RevTex-file: 25 pages, 17 Postscript figures, 1 GIF figure (original Ps file can be obtained on request). Published version. Changes of v2: Sec. VII completed by two paragraphs on nature of transition, several refs. added
Tunneling singularities in the open Hubbard chain
Creators: name: Frahm, Holger
name: Bedürftig, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study singularities in the I-V characteristics for sequential tunneling from resonant localized levels (e.g. a quantum dot) into a one dimensional electron system described by a Hubbard model. Boundary conformal field theory together with the exact solution of the Hubbard model subject to boundary fields allows to compute the exponents describing the singularity arising when the energy of the local level is tuned through the Fermi energy of the wire as a function of electron density and magnetic field. For boundary potentials with bound states a sequence of such singularities can be observed.
description: LaTeX2e, 16 pp. incl. 9 figures
Average eigenstate entanglement entropy of the XY chain in a transverse field and its universality for translationally invariant quadratic fermionic models
Creators: name: Hackl, Lucas
name: Vidmar, Lev
name: Rigol, Marcos
name: Bianchi, Eugenio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recently showed [Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 220602 (2018)] that the average bipartite entanglement entropy of all energy eigenstates of the quantum Ising chain exhibits a universal (for translationally invariant quadratic fermionic models) leading term that scales linearly with the subsystem's volume, while in the thermodynamic limit the first subleading correction does not vanish at the critical field (it only depends on the ratio $f$ between the volume of the subsystem and volume of the system) and vanishes otherwise. Here we show, analytically for bounds and numerically for averages, that the same remains true for the spin-1/2 XY chain in a transverse magnetic field. We then tighten the bounds for the coefficient of the universal volume-law term, which is a concave function of $f$. We develop a systematic approach to compute upper and lower bounds, and provide explicit analytic expressions for up to the fourth order bounds.
description: 11+9 pages, 6+1 figures
Algebraic treatment of three-body problems
Creators: name: Bijker, R.
name: Leviatan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss an algebraic treatment of three-body systems in terms of a U(7) spectrum generating algebra. In particular, we develop the formalism for nonlinear configurations and present an algebraic description of vibrational and rotational excitations of symmetric (X_3) and asymmetric tops (XY_2 and XYZ). The relevant point group symmetry is incorporated exactly.
description: revised and updated version: 14 pages, 2 figures. Few-Body Systems, in press
Additional file 1: of Leptin receptor gene polymorphisms and sex modify the association between acetaminophen use and asthma among young adults: results from two observational studies
Creators: name: Ziyab, Ali
name: Mukherjee, Nandini
name: Kurukulaaratchy, Ramesh
name: Zhang, Hongmei
name: Ewart, Susan
name: Arshad, Hasan
name: Karmaus, Wilfried
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Cardiology

description: Supplementary Material. Kuwait University Allergy (KUA) study – Study setting and population. Isle of Wight (IOW) birth cohort study – Study setting and population. LEP and LEPR genotyping – IOW study. Additional file: Table S1. Genotype and minor allele frequencies of leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms: results from the Isle of Wight study. Additional file:Table S2. Evaluating three-way statistical interactions on a multiplicative scale between sex, acetaminophen use and polymorphisms in leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) genes on the risk of current asthma: results from the Isle of Wight study. Additional file 1: Table S3. Associations between acetaminophen use and current asthma stratified by sex and genotypes of leptin receptor (LEPR) gene polymorphisms: results from the Isle of Wight study. Addtional file 1: Table S4. Associations between acetaminophen use and current asthma in the total population and stratified by sex: results of sensitivity analysis from the Isle of Wight and Kuwait University Allergy studies. Additional file 1: Figure S1. Estimates of linkage disequilibrium (LD) between leptin (LEP) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms. (A) LD estimates using D′ values and (B) LD estimates using r2 values: results from the Isle of Wight study. Additional file 1: Figure S2. Estimates of linkage disequilibrium (LD) between leptin receptor (LEPR) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms. (A) LD estimates using D′ values and (B) LD estimates using r2 values: results from the Isle of Wight study. (PDF 147 kb)
Fundamental exciton linewidth broadening in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Gupta, Garima
name: Majumdar, Kausik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDS) are highly luminescent materials despite being sub-nanometer thick due to the ultra-short ($<1$ ps) radiative lifetime of the strongly bound bright excitons hosted by these materials. The intrinsically short radiative lifetime results in a large broadening in the exciton band with a magnitude that is about two orders greater than the spread of the light cone itself. The situation calls for a need to revisit the conventional light cone picture. We present a modified light cone concept which places the light line $(\hbar cQ)$ as the generalized lower bound for allowed radiative recombination. A self-consistent methodology, which becomes crucial upon inclusion of large radiative broadening in the exciton band, is proposed to segregate the radiative and the non-radiative components of the homogeneous exciton linewidth. We estimate a fundamental radiative linewidth of $1.54\pm0.17\ $meV, owing purely to finite radiative lifetime in the absence of non-radiative dephasing processes. As a direct consequence of the large radiative limit, we find a surprisingly large ($\sim 0.27 $ meV) linewidth broadening due to zero-point energy of acoustic phonons. This obscures the precise experimental determination of the intrinsic radiative linewidth and sets a fundamental limit on the non-radiative linewidth broadening at $T = 0$ K.
Hopping between Random Locations: Spectrum and Instanton
Creators: name: Zee, A.
name: Affleck, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Euclidean random matrices appear in a broad class of physical problems involving disorder. The problem of determining their spectra can be mapped, using the replica method, into the study of a scalar field theory with an interaction of the type e^(psi^2). We apply the instanton method to study their spectral tails.
description: 9 pages, Revtex, 2 postscript figures
title: Using the EUNIS habitat classification system in broadscale regional mapping: some problems and potential solutions from case studies in the English Channel
Creators: name: Coggan, Roger
name: James, Ceri
name: Pearce, Bryony
name: Plim, Jennifer
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session G
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The EUNIS (European Nature Information System) habitat classification system provides a standard for recording European marine habitats and biotopes. Its hierarchical structure introduces physical, environmental, and biological parameters at different levels, making it attractive for use in broadscale predictive mapping. We have developed a modelled EUNIS map for an area of 12 755 km2 in the eastern English Channel, but in doing so met two difficulties which stem from the structure of the EUNIS classification system. First, it includes only two major substrate classes, ”rock” and ”sediment”, so provides no solution for areas where rock is covered by a thin (<1.0 m) sediment layer. Acoustic surveys indicate such areas as rock but grab surveys show them as sediment, and the communities they support can be distinct from those in pure rock or sediment habitats. Second, there is an inconsistency in the level at which EUNIS introduces biological zones into the hierarchy. The littoral, infralittoral, and circalittoral zones are introduced at EUNIS level 2 for both rock and sediment habitats, but the deep‐circalittoral is introduced at level 4, and then only for sediment habitats. As a result, broadscale maps classified at EUNIS levels 2 or 3 are frequently invalid, as they cannot discriminate the deep circalittoral from the circalittoral, something that is important when considering habitat sensitivity to disturbance. Through our case study we offer solutions to these problems through modifications to the EUNIS system, introducing a new substrate class of ”rock and thin sediment” and allowing biological zones to be represented equitably.
Supplementary Table 1 from Temperature-dependent development of the blow fly Chrysomya pinguis and its significance in estimating postmortem interval.
Creators: name: zhang, Yingna
name: Wang, Yu
name: Sun, Jian
name: Hu, Guoliang
name: Wang, Man
name: Amendt, Jens
name: Wang, Jiangfeng
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019

description: The life stages of Chrysomya pinguis related to sample ages (hours)
Reactive Urban Space: Designing Semantic Wayfinding Experience with Spatial Augmentation
Creators: name: Jeong, Nurie
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Design

description: Finding one's way in unfamiliar urban centerscan be overwhelming for pedestrians giventhe quantity of information available anduncertainty of decisions. Moving betweenmultiple different types of informationand navigating at the same time causescognitive overload. On top of that, usersalso experience safety hazard while walkingthrough an unsafe neighborhood or roadwith no sidewalk as guided by their GPS.This is because most current map solutionsfocus mainly on navigation, moving from oneplace to another at the shortest distance.Wayfinding, on the other hand, can be definedas spatial problem solving, which requiresthe users to get various kinds of peripheralinformation including safety, unexpecteddelay, and so on. The ideal wayfindingexperience should be able to reflect travelers’ability to achieve a specific destinationby providing semantic information. Thisproject, targeting pedestrians exploringin urban space, envisions the near futurewhere the real space becomes the next webbrowser, powered by 3D model mapping,augmented reality technology and speechrecognition. The illustrations will show howthe urban explorers get semantic wayfindinginformation directly from the real spaceand buildings, supporting the ideal urbannavigation experience.
Thermally versus dynamically assisted Schwinger pair production
Creators: name: Torgrimsson, Greger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electron-positron pair production by the combination of a strong, constant electric field and a thermal background. We show that this process is similar to dynamically assisted Schwinger pair production, where the strong field is instead assisted by another coherent field, which is weaker but faster. We treat the interaction with the photons from the thermal background perturbatively, while the interaction with the electric field is nonperturbative (i.e. a Furry picture expansion in $α$). At $\mathcal{O}(α^2)$ we have ordinary perturbative Breit-Wheeler pair production assisted nonperturbatively by the electric field. Already at this order we recover the same exponential part of the probability as previous studies, which did not expand in $α$. This means that we do not have to consider higher orders, so our approach allows us to calculate the pre-exponential part of the probability, which has not been obtained before in this regime. Although the prefactor is in general subdominant compared to the exponential part, in this case it can be important because it scales as $α^2\ll1$ and is therefore much smaller than the prefactor at $\mathcal{O}(α^0)$ (pure Schwinger pair production). We show that, because of the exponential enhancement, $\mathcal{O}(α^2)$ still gives the dominant contribution for temperatures above a certain threshold, but, because of the small prefactor, the threshold is higher than what the exponential alone would suggest.
description: Version 2: Results unchanged, references added, matches PRD version. 9 pages, 4 figures
GENERAL-THEORETICAL ISSUES RELATED TO DIGITAL EVIDENCE: PROBLEM AND SOLUTION
Creators: name: Khamidov, B.
Publisher: name: Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: electronic proof
digital proof
identification
authentication
image
hash function

description: In this paper, the concepts of electronic or digital evidence are scientifically analyzed. In particular, the legal and technical features of digital evidence, issues related to their collection, storage, verification, transportation and evaluation were studied. At the same time, the problems and gaps in national legislation and law enforcement practice in dealing with digital evidence have been critically examined. Scientifically based ways and criteria for their elimination have been developed. The article is based on scientific and practical research in the field of working with digital evidence, the views of theoretical scientists and practitioners, as well as technical research. As a result of the research, the methodological rules of working with digital evidence were analyzed. National legislation, investigative and judicial practice, best international practices and practices are studied, their achieve-ments and shortcomings are substantiated on the basis of the author's conclusions. Based on this, the most appro-priate criteria have been developed for law enforcement entities to collect, verify and evaluate digital evidence. The article analyzes the problems in the field from a systematic, legal, scientific and methodological point of view, on which the author's conclusions are formed. At the same time, issues related to ensuring the acceptability of digital evidence, their identification and authentication, verification and evaluation of expert opinions are also covered. Scientifically based proposals and recommendations have been developed for the legislature and its sub-jects.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of PCV20 to prevent pneumococcal disease in the Canadian pediatric population
Creators: name: Lytle, Derek
name: Beltrán, Ana Gabriela Grajales
name: Perdrizet, Johnna
name: Yahia, Nassim Ait
name: Cane, Alejandro
name: Yarnoff, Benjamin
name: Chapman, Ruth
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) in Canadian infants aged <2 years versus the standard of care (SoC), a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), or a potential 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV15). A decision-analytic Markov model was developed to compare PCV20 with PCV13 or PCV15 in a 2 + 1 schedule over 10 years. Vaccine effect estimates (direct and indirect) across all ages were informed by PCV13 clinical effectiveness and impact studies as well as PCV7 efficacy studies. Epidemiologic, clinical, health state utilities, utility decrements, cost per event, and list price data were from Canadian sources where available. Clinical and economic outcomes related to invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), hospitalized and non-hospitalized pneumonia, and simple and complex otitis media (OM) were calculated for each strategy. Cost-effectiveness was evaluated from the publicly funded healthcare system perspective. Over 10 years, PCV20 versus PCV13 was estimated to avert over 11,000 IPD cases, 316,000 hospitalized and non-hospitalized pneumonia cases, 335,000 simple and complex OM cases, and 15,000 deaths, resulting in cost savings of over 3.2 billion Canadian dollars (CAD) and 47,000 more quality-adjusted life years (i.e. dominant strategy). Compared with PCV15, PCV20 was estimated to result in over 1.4 billion CAD in cost savings and 21,000 more QALYs (i.e. dominant strategy). PCV20 was dominant over both PCV13 and PCV15. Given broader serotype coverage, substantial incremental benefits and cost-savings, PCV20 should be considered as a replacement for the SoC in the publicly funded Canadian infant immunization program.
Avoidance of Collapse by Circular Current-Carrying Cosmic String Loops
Creators: name: Carter, Brandon
name: Peter, Patrick
name: Gangui, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Earlier attempts to calculate the nonlinear dynamical evolution of Witten type superconducting vacuum vortex defects relied on the use of approximate conducting string models that were too simple to take proper account of the effect of current saturation. This effect is however allowed for adequately in a newly developed class of rather more complicated, though still conveniently analytic, conducting string models. These more realistic models have recently been employed by Larsen and Axenides for investigating the collapse of circular string loops in the case for which angular momentum is absent. The present work extends this investigation to the generic case of circular string loops for which angular momentum is present, so that there will be a centrifugal potential barrier. This barrier will prevent collapse unless the initial conditions are such that the relevant current saturation limit is attained, in which case the string description of the vortex defect will break down, so that its subsequent fate is hard to foresee. On the other hand if saturation is avoided one would expect that the loop will eventually radiate away its excess energy and settle down into a vorton type equilibrium state.
description: 15 pp RevTeX plus 6 PostScript figures