cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Concessional Sales, Open Market Demand and Consumption of Rice in Sri Lanka, 1953-1989
Creators: name: Guanwardana, P.J.
name: Guanwardana, P.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: demand
subject: rice
subject: Sri Lanka

description: This paper analyses the impact of concessional sales of rice under public food distribution schemes on the open market demand and total consumption of rice in Sri Lanka from 1953 to 1989. The results show that, on average, 73 per cent of the concessional issues of rice under the non-targeted (universal) rationing scheme during 1953-1977 has served to replace a potential quantity that would have otherwise been demanded by consumers in the open market. The remaining 27 per cent has served as an addition to the total quantity of rice consumed in the country. Under the rationing and food stamp schemes targeted towards low income households, the annual average replacement of the quantity of open market rice was 51 percent during 1978-1989, while the addition to the total consumption of rice was 49 per cent. This suggests that the targeting of public rice distribution during 1978-1989 was fairly successful in maintaining the consumption of rice, particularly by low-income households.
Additional file 1 of Mental ill-health during COVID-19 confinement
Creators: name: Jané-Llopis, Eva
name: Anderson, Peter
name: Segura, Lidia
name: Zabaleta, Edurne
name: Muñoz, Regina
name: Ruiz, Gemma
name: Rehm, Jürgen
name: Cabezas, Carmen
name: Colom, Joan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Encoding Metal Mask Projection for Metal Artifact Reduction in Computed Tomography
Creators: name: Lyu, Yuanyuan
name: Lin, Wei-An
name: Liao, Haofu
name: Lu, Jingjing
name: Zhou, S. Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Metal artifact reduction (MAR) in computed tomography (CT) is a notoriously challenging task because the artifacts are structured and non-local in the image domain. However, they are inherently local in the sinogram domain. Thus, one possible approach to MAR is to exploit the latter characteristic by learning to reduce artifacts in the sinogram. However, if we directly treat the metal-affected regions in sinogram as missing and replace them with the surrogate data generated by a neural network, the artifact-reduced CT images tend to be over-smoothed and distorted since fine-grained details within the metal-affected regions are completely ignored. In this work, we provide analytical investigation to the issue and propose to address the problem by (1) retaining the metal-affected regions in sinogram and (2) replacing the binarized metal trace with the metal mask projection such that the geometry information of metal implants is encoded. Extensive experiments on simulated datasets and expert evaluations on clinical images demonstrate that our novel network yields anatomically more precise artifact-reduced images than the state-of-the-art approaches, especially when metallic objects are large.
description: accepted by MICCAI 2020
Ceriporia amazonica Soares, Sotao & Ryvarden 2014, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Soares, Adriene Mayra Da Silva
name: Sotão, Helen Maria Pontes
name: Ryvarden, Leif
name: Gibertoni, Tatiana Baptista
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Polyporales
Phanerochaetaceae
Ceriporia
Ceriporia amazonica

description: Ceriporia amazonica Soares, Sotão & Ryvarden, sp. nov. (Fig. 1: A−C)
Mycobank no.: MB 808528
 This species differs from the other Ceriporia species by its combination of salmon basidioma, large angular pores (1 –3 per mm) and small ellipsoid spores.
 Holotype: — BRAZIL. Amapá: Amapá National Forest, December 2009, leg. H. Sotão 2009-278 (MG 203521, isotype in O).
 Etymology: —the name refers to the region where the specimen was collected.
Basidioma annual, resupinate; pore surface salmon (45) to peach (46) colored when fresh and snuff brown (17) when dry, fading to yellowish brown, pores shallow, angular to honeycomb in a reticulate pattern, 1−3 per mm, margin narrow, concolorous with pore surface, tube layer up to 0.5 mm deep, drying brittle, subiculum thin, up to 300 μm thick, soft, white. Hyphal system monomitic, generative hyphae simple-septate, thin-walled, 2−5 μm in diam. Cystidia or other sterile hymenial elements absent. Basidia not seen. Basidiospores ellipsoid, 3 × 2 μm, negative in Melzer’s reagent.
 Distribution: —Known only from the type locality in state of Amapá, Brazil.
 Ecology: —On a dead, fallen hardwood.
 Taxonomic remarks:— The salmon-coloured basidioma makes this a conspicuous species when observed in the field. Ceriporia spissa (Schwein. ex Fr.) Rajchenb. has a similar color, but it has pores ranging from 7−9 per mm and allantoid basidiospores (Aime et al. 2007). In addition, the basidiospores of C. amazonica are among the smallest in the genus and should aid in the identification of the species. Ceriporia incrustata M. Mata & Ryvarden and C. microspora I. Lindblad & Ryvarden have basidiospores of similar size (3−3.5 × 1.8−2 μm and 3−3.5 × 1.5−2 μm, respectively), but smaller pores (6−8 per mm in both species). Besides, the former has ochraceous basidiomata and the latter, white basidiomata (Lindblad & Ryvarden 1999, Mata & Ryvarden 2010).
description: Published as part of Soares, Adriene Mayra Da Silva, Sotão, Helen Maria Pontes, Ryvarden, Leif & Gibertoni, Tatiana Baptista, 2014, Ceriporia amazonica (Phanerochaetaceae, Basidiomycota), a new species from the Brazilian Amazonia, and C. albobrunnea, a new record to Brazil, pp. 176-180 in Phytotaxa 175 (3) on pages 177-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.175.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/5143889
Ceriporia albobrunnea Ryvarden & Iturriaga, Mycologia
Creators: name: Soares, Adriene Mayra Da Silva
name: Sotão, Helen Maria Pontes
name: Ryvarden, Leif
name: Gibertoni, Tatiana Baptista
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Polyporales
Phanerochaetaceae
Ceriporia
Ceriporia albobrunnea

description: Ceriporia albobrunnea Ryvarden & Iturriaga, Mycologia 95(6): 1070 (2003).
 Description: —Ryvarden & Iturriaga (2003).
 Distribution:— It was known only from Venezuela, but now it is also known in Brazil.
 Ecology: —The species has been reported on dead, fallen hardwood (Ryvarden & Iturriaga 2003).
 Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Amapá: Amapá National Forest, December 2009, leg. H. Sotão 2009-289 (MG 205212).
 Taxonomic remarks: —This species is characterized by the large angular pores (2–3 per mm), pale whitish brown pore surface when fresh, and cylindrical basidiospores, 4–4.5 × 1.5 µm (Ryvarden & Iturriaga 2003). However, the Brazilian specimen has a cream to beige pore surface which becomes ochraceous upon drying. Further, it has slightly different basidiospores (4.5–5.5 × 1.25−2.5 μm) than reported in the original collection from Venezuela.
description: Published as part of Soares, Adriene Mayra Da Silva, Sotão, Helen Maria Pontes, Ryvarden, Leif & Gibertoni, Tatiana Baptista, 2014, Ceriporia amazonica (Phanerochaetaceae, Basidiomycota), a new species from the Brazilian Amazonia, and C. albobrunnea, a new record to Brazil, pp. 176-180 in Phytotaxa 175 (3) on page 178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.175.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/5143889
Computing gravitational waves from slightly nonspherical stellar collapse to black hole: Odd-parity perturbation
Creators: name: Harada, Tomohiro
name: Iguchi, Hideo
name: Shibata, Masaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonspherical stellar collapse to a black hole is one of the most promising gravitational wave sources for gravitational wave detectors. We numerically study gravitational waves from a slightly nonspherical stellar collapse to a black hole in linearized Einstein theory. We adopt a spherically collapsing star as the zeroth-order solution and gravitational waves are computed using perturbation theory on the spherical background. In this paper we focus on the perturbation of odd-parity modes. Using the polytropic equations of state with polytropic indices $n_p=1$ and 3, we qualitatively study gravitational waves emitted during the collapse of neutron stars and supermassive stars to black holes from a marginally stable equilibrium configuration. Since the matter perturbation profiles can be chosen arbitrarily, we provide a few types for them. For $n_p=1$, the gravitational waveforms are mainly characterized by a black hole quasinormal mode ringing, irrespective of perturbation profiles given initially. However, for $n_p=3$, the waveforms depend strongly on the initial perturbation profiles. In other words, the gravitational waveforms strongly depend on the stellar configuration and, in turn, on the ad hoc choice of the functional form of the perturbation in the case of supermassive stars.
description: 31 pages, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D, typos and minor errors corrected
A decision problem for bank branch site selection: A GIS Mapping perspective with Maximal Covering Location Problem: A case study of Isfahan, Iran
Creators: name: Namazian, Zahra
name: Roghanian, Emad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the most significant decision-making processes is the site selection. If the site correctly selected, the access for the best customers as well as the greatest market potential would be guaranteed. Bank branch optimal location is one of the most significant strategic issues in the competitive market especially for private banks because of the global competition and high customer expectations. This study presents a Geographic Information System (GIS) based model for locating suitable sites for making new branches by using data sources. Also, Maximal Covering Location Problem (MCLP) was used to select branches that the maximum demand might be reached within a pre-specified target travel time. The model was implemented for Ansar bank in Isfahan, Iran. The criteria were restricted through demographic attributes, competition, transportation, flexibility and cost in GIS mapping approach. Finally, the results illustrated the efficiency and applicability of the proposed integrated method.
A Unified Approach to High Density: Pion Fluctuations in Skyrmion Matter
Creators: name: Lee, Hee-Jung
name: Park, Byung-Yoon
name: Min, Dong-Pil
name: Rho, Mannque
name: Vento, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the first in a series of systematic work on dense hadronic matter, we study the properties of the pion in dense medium using Skyrme's effective Lagrangian as a unified theory of the hadronic interactions applicable in the large $N_c$ limit. Dense baryonic matter is described as the ground state of a skyrmion matter which appears in two differentiated phases as a function of matter density: i) at high densities as a stable cubic-centered (CC) half-skyrmion crystal; ii) at low densities as an unstable face-centered cubic (FCC) skyrmion crystal. We substitute the latter by a stable inhomogeneous phase of lumps of dense matter, which represents a naive Maxwell construction of the phase transition. This baryonic dense medium serves as a background for the pions whose effective {\em in-medium} Lagrangian we construct by allowing time-dependent quantum fluctuations on the classical dense matter field. We find that the same parameter which describes the phase transition for baryonic matter, the expectation value of the $σ$ field, also describes the phase transition for the dynamics of the {\em in-medium} pion. Thus, the structure of the baryonic ground state $crucially$ determines the behavior of the pion in the medium. As matter density increases, $$ decreases, a phenomenon which we interpret to signal, in terms of the parameters of the effective pion Lagrangian $f_π^*$ and $m_π^*$, the restoration of chiral symmetry at high density. Our calculation shows also the important role played by the higher powers in the density as it increases and chiral symmetry is being restored. This feature is likely to be generic at high density although our ground state may not be the true ground state.
Therapeutic advances in Dravet syndrome: a targeted literature review
Creators: name: Strzelczyk, Adam
name: Schubert-Bast, Susanne
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Dravet syndrome (DS), a prototypic developmental and genetic epileptic encephalopathy (DEE), is characterized by an early onset of treatment-refractory seizures, together with impairments in motor control, behavior, and cognition. Even with multiple conventional anti-epileptic drugs, seizures remain poorly controlled, and there has been a considerable unmet need for effective and tolerable treatments. This targeted literature review aims to highlight recent changes to the therapeutic landscape for DS by summarizing the most up-to-date, evidence-based research, including pivotal data from the clinical development of stiripentol, cannabidiol, and fenfluramine, which are important milestones for DS treatment, together with the latest findings of other pharmacotherapies in development. In phase III, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials stiripentol, cannabidiol, and fenfluramine have shown clinically relevant reductions in convulsive seizure frequency, and are generally well tolerated. Stiripentol was associated with responder rates (greater than 50% reduction in convulsive seizure frequency) of 67%-71%, when added to valproic acid and clobazam; cannabidiol was associated with responder rates of 43%-49% (48%-63% in conjunction with clobazam), and fenfluramine of 54%-68% across studies. Therapies in development include soticlestat, ataluren, verapamil, and clemizole, with strategies to treat the underlying cause of DS, including gene therapy and antisense oligonucleotides beginning to emerge from preclinical studies. Despite the challenges of drug development in rare diseases, this is an exciting time for the treatment of DS, with the promise of new efficacious and well-tolerated therapies, which may pave the way for treatment advances in other DEEs.
Hydrodynamic Simulations of Disrupted Planetary Accretion Discs Inside the Core of an AGB Star
Creators: name: Guidarelli, Gabriel
name: Nordhaus, Jason
name: Chamandy, Luke
name: Chen, Zhuo
name: Blackman, Eric G.
name: Frank, Adam
name: Carroll-Nellenback, Jonathan
name: Liu, Baowei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Volume complete sky surveys provide evidence for a binary origin for the formation of isolated white dwarfs with magnetic fields in excess of a MegaGauss. Interestingly, not a single high-field magnetic white dwarf has been found in a detached system suggesting that if the progenitors are indeed binaries, the companion must be removed or merge during formation. An origin scenario consistent with observations involves the engulfment, inspiral, and subsequent tidal disruption of a low-mass companion in the interior of a giant star during a common envelope phase. Material from the shredded companion forms a cold accretion disc embedded in the hot ambient around the proto-white dwarf. Entrainment of hot material may evaporate the disc before it can sufficiently amplify the magnetic field, which typically requires at least a few orbits of the disc.Using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of accretion discs with masses between 1 and 10 times the mass of Jupiter inside the core of an Asymptotic Giant Branch star, we find that the discs survive for at least 10 orbits (and likely for 100 orbits), sufficient for strong magnetic fields to develop.
description: Submitted to MNRAS
The Origin of Gāṁvkārī
Creators: name: RODRIGUES, TENSING CARLOS
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Archaeology
subject: Geography
subject: Sociology

description: Last time we had speculated on whether the institutions of ‘mahājan’ and ‘gāṁvkārī’ could be traced back to the early settlers in Kōṁkaṇ. We need to place this in the context of ‘a different story’ suggested by works like Sahyādrikhaṇḍ and Grāmapaddhatī. The latter is said to be a part of the former, and contains the rules pertaining to the governance of villages, their classification and the names of all important households in them, which gives a comprehensive idea of what Saletore calls ‘the great village assemblies’ in ancient Tuluvanadu (modern South Kanara district of Karnataka). Both the above works seem to have originated from a common source and therefore tell the same story : the settlement of an uninhabited Kōṁkaṇ by brāhmaṇ brought from Ahicchatra by Parśurām and Mayūravarmā, the Kadamba king. But this proposition appears to be weak; it is more reasonable to trace the origin of the gāṁvkārī to the primitive communities like the kuṁḷbī.
In-flight calibrations of IBIS/PICsIT
Creators: name: Malaguti, G.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: Bird, A. J.
name: Di Cocco, G.
name: Foschini, L.
name: Laurent, P.
name: Segreto, A.
name: Stephen, J. B.
name: Ubertini, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PICsIT (Pixellated Imaging CaeSium Iodide Telescope) is the high energy detector of the IBIS telescope on-board the INTEGRAL satellite. It consists of 4096 independent detection units, ~0.7 cm^2 in cross-section, operating in the energy range between 175 keV and 10 MeV. The intrinsically low signal to noise ratio in the gamma-ray astronomy domain implies very long observations, lasting 10^5-10^6 s. Moreover, the image formation principle on which PICsIT works is that of coded imaging in which the entire detection plane contributes to each decoded sky pixel. For these two main reasons, the monitoring, and possible correction, of the spatial and temporal non-uniformity of pixel performances, expecially in terms of gain and energy resolution, is of paramount importance. The IBIS on-board 22Na calibration source allows the calibration of each pixel at an accuracy of <0.5% by integrating the data from a few revolutions at constant temperature. The two calibration lines, at 511 and 1275 keV, allow also the measurement and monitoring of the PICsIT energy resolution which proves to be very stable at ~19% and ~9% (FWHM) respectively, and consistent with the values expected analytical predictions checked against pre-launch tests.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication on A&A Special Issue on First Science with INTEGRAL
Global existence and asymptotic behaviour in the future for the Einstein-Vlasov system with positive cosmological constant
Creators: name: Tchapnda, S. B.
name: Rendall, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behaviour of expanding cosmological models with collisionless matter and a positive cosmological constant is analysed. It is shown that under the assumption of plane or hyperbolic symmetry the area radius goes to infinity, the spacetimes are future geodesically complete, and the expansion becomes isotropic and exponential at late times. This proves a form of the cosmic no hair theorem in this class of spacetimes.
The 5-CB Algebra and Fused $SU(2)$ Lattice Models
Creators: name: Belavin, Vladimir
name: Gepner, Doron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fused $SU(2)$ models put forward by Date et al., that are a series of models with arbitrary number of blocks, which is the degree of the polynomial equation obeyed by the Boltzmann weights. We demonstrate by a direct calculation that a version of BMW (Birman--Murakami--Wenzl) algebra is obeyed by five, six and seven blocks models, conjecturing that it is part of the algebra valid for any model with more than two blocks. To establish this conjecture, we assume that a certain ansatz holds for the baxterization of the models. We use the Yang--Baxter equation to describe explicitly the algebra for five blocks, obtaining $19$ additional non--trivial relations. We name this algebra 5--CB (Conformal Braiding) algebra. Our method can be utilized to describe the algebra for any solvable model of this type and for any number of blocks.
description: 20 pages, no figures, Mathematica notebook attached. Added references and corrected some erroneous 5--CB relations
title: O Partido Republicano Conservador. Documentos de uma tentativa baldada
Creators: name: Barbosa, Ruy
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: in-8
description: Source: Bibliothèque patrimoniale Villon (Rouen), fonds Leber, m-1435
New intensity and visibility aspects of a double loop neutron interferometer
Creators: name: Suda, M.
name: Rauch, H.
name: Peev, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various phase shifters and absorbers can be put into the arms of a double loop neutron interferometer. The mean intensity levels of the forward and diffracted beams behind an empty four plate interferometer of this type have been calculated. It is shown that the intensities in the forward and diffracted direction can be made equal using certain absorbers. In this case the interferometer can be regarded as a 50/50 beam splitter. Furthermore the visibilities of single and double loop interferometers are compared to each other by varying the transmission in the first loop using different absorbers. It can be shown that the visibility becomes exactly 1 using a phase shifter in the second loop. In this case the phase shifter in the second loop must be strongly correlated to the transmission coefficient of the absorber in the first loop. Using such a device homodyne-like measurements of very weak signals should become possible.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in the Journal of Optics B - Quantum and Semiclassical Optics
Hypnale zara
Creators: name: Figueroa, Alex
name: Low, Martyn E. Y.
name: Lim, Kelvin K. P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Viperidae
Hypnale
Hypnale zara

description: Hypnale zara (Gray, 1849) — Erroneous.
Lowland Hump-nosed Pit Viper
Singapore records.
Trigonocephalus zara — Gray, 1849: 15.
Hypnale zara —Wallach et al., 2014: 343.
Remarks. Gray (1849) described H. zara and specified Singapore as its type locality based on a specimen from Argent’s collection. However, H. zara is endemic to Sri Lanka (Maduwage et al. 2009). In their revision of the genus, Maduwage et al. (2009) discussed that no populations of Hypnale occur east of Peninsular India and suggested that the specimen was presumably collected around Galle when a ship from Singapore destined for Europe anchored there. Nonetheless, the type locality for H. zara remains unamended (Wallach et al. 2014).
LKCNHM & NHMUK Museum specimens. No specimens.
Additional Singapore museum specimens. No specimens.
Genus Ovophis Lacépède, 1804 (1 species)
description: Published as part of Figueroa, Alex, Low, Martyn E. Y. & Lim, Kelvin K. P., 2023, Singapore's herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution, pp. 1-378 in Zootaxa 5287 (1) on pages 279-280, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5287.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7960319
Additional file 2 of Genetic diversity in global chicken breeds in relation to their genetic distances to wild populations
Creators: name: Malomane, Dorcus Kholofelo
name: Weigend, Steffen
name: Schmitt, Armin Otto
name: Weigend, Annett
name: Reimer, Christian
name: Simianer, Henner
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Observed heterozygosity vs. Reynolds’ genetic distance to the Gallus gallus estimated from 1000 SNP samples in 100 replicates. The dashed lines represent the 100 sample sets and the gray area shows the 95% confidence interval. Figure S2. Relationship between the observed heterozygosity and genetic differentiation ( $${F}_{\mathrm{ST}})$$ F ST ) from G. gallus (left), and the relationship between $${F}_{\mathrm{ST}}$$ F ST and Reynolds’ genetic distance to G. gallus (right). The regression lines of the relationships are drawn in red. The R2 is equal to 0.885 and 0.988, for the left and right figures, respectively. Different breed categories are denoted in different colors and/or shapes. Figure S3. Comparison of the relationship between the genetic distance to G. gallus and the observed heterozygosity estimated from the non-synonymous class vs. 100 random samples of the same number of SNPs as the non-synonymous class from the overall SNPs. The black dotted lines represent estimations with the overall SNPs, the red solid line represents the non-synonymous SNPs. The shaded areas represent the 95% confidence intervals of the regression lines. The mean R2 of the 100 samples is 0.880 and the mean slope is − 0.708. Figure S4. Comparison of the relationship between the genetic distances to G. gallus and the observed heterozygosity estimated from intronic SNPs vs. the overall set. The black dashed lines represent estimations with the 100 replicates of 1000 randomly samples SNPs from the intronic SNPs and the red solid line represents overall SNPs. The 95% confidence intervals are shaded in gray. The mean R2 and slope of the 100 samples are 0.880 and − 0.711, respectively. Figure S5. Comparison of the relationship between the genetic distance to G. gallus and the observed heterozygosity estimated from intergenic SNPs vs. the overall set. The black dashed lines represent estimations with the 100 replicates of 1000 randomly sampled SNPs from the intergenic SNPs and the red solid line represents overall SNPs. The 95% confidence intervals are shaded in gray. The mean R2 and slope of the 100 samples are 0.878 and − 0.701, respectively.
Proper and Improper Separability
Creators: name: Timpson, Christopher G
name: Brown, Harvey R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distinction between proper and improper mixtures is a staple of the discussion of foundational questions in quantum mechanics. Here we note an analogous distinction in the context of the theory of entanglement. The terminology of `proper' versus `improper' separability is proposed to mark the distinction.
description: 10 pages, LaTex, uses amsmath, 2 .eps figures. v2 additional figure; and reference and footnote to Seevinck and Uffink (2001). To appear in International Journal of Quantum Information
Rhammatophyllum gaudanense Al-Shehbaz & O. Appel, Novon 2002
Creators: name: Moazzeni, Hamid
name: Zarre, Shahin
name: Assadi, Mostafa
name: Joharchi, Mohammad Reza
name: German, Dmitry A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Rhammatophyllum
Rhammatophyllum gaudanense

description: Rhammatophyllum gaudanense (Litv.) Al-Shehbaz & O. Appel, Novon 12: 3. 2002 [2 Apr. 2002]
 Basionym: Erysimum gaudanense Litvinov, Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 1: 33. 1902.
 Synonyms: Prionotrichon gaudanense (Litv.) Botschantzev, Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 3: 125. (1966).
 Rhammatophyllum gaudanense (Litv.) Kamelin, Bot. Zhurn. 87, 12: 109. 2002 [24 Dec. 2002], comb. superfl.
 TYPE: TURKMENISTAN. Turcomania. In declivibus herbosis montium pr. Gaudan, 28 IV 1898, D. I. Litwinow 518 (lectotype, LE!, designated by Botschantzev (1966: 125, “type”); isolectotypes, B!, BRNM!, JE!, LE!, WU!). Figs. 1D, 2.
 Distribution: Iran and Turkmenistan (endemic to Kopet-Dagh).
 Plants subshrubs. Trichomes on stems, leaves, pedicels, sepals, and fruits softly malpighiaceous or submalpighiaceous, with two (rarely three) equal or unequal, unbranched or rarely branched principal rays, usually crisped and predominantly bearing a few lateral minute branches; simple on petals. Stems erect to ascending, (20) 30–45 cm tall, usually several at base, branched below (annual shoots unbranched) and slightly swollen at nodes. Basal leaves fasciculate, spatulate, 5–15 × 1–2(3) mm, round at apex, attenuate at base. Cauline leaves sessile or shortly petiolate, linear to oblanceolate, entire, often longitudinally plicate, 10–35 × 1–2 mm. Racemes 6–16-flowered, ebracteate, corymbose, considerably elongated in fruit. Fruiting pedicels straight, slender, divaricate-ascending to suberect, (4)5– 8(10) mm. Sepals oblong, membranous at margin, 3–4 mm long. Petals creamy white, becoming yellow when drying, 5–8 × 2–3 mm, pubescent outside. Stamens 6, tetradynamous; filaments not dilated or slightly flattened at base; anthers oblong, apiculate at apex. Fruits dehiscent siliques 25–50 × 1.5–2 mm, linear, latiseptate, sessile or shortly stipitate, suberect, straight or slightly flexuous, shallowly constricted between seeds; valves torulose, with a narrow midvein; style obsolete or distinct, up to 2 mm long; stigma capitate, 2-lobed. Seeds winged at top, oblong, strongly flattened; seed coat not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons accumbent.
 Specimen examined: IRAN. Khorasan, S Kalat-e Naderi, between Baghkand and Ortekand. 1900 m, 10 July 2002, Joharchi 34207 (FUMH!)
description: Published as part of Moazzeni, Hamid, Zarre, Shahin, Assadi, Mostafa, Joharchi, Mohammad Reza & German, Dmitry A., 2014, Erysimum hezarense, a new species and Rhammatophyllum gaudanense, a new record of Brassicaceae from Iran, pp. 241-248 in Phytotaxa 175 (5) on page 244, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.175.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5143941
Additional file 1 of Genetic diversity in global chicken breeds in relation to their genetic distances to wild populations
Creators: name: Malomane, Dorcus Kholofelo
name: Weigend, Steffen
name: Schmitt, Armin Otto
name: Weigend, Annett
name: Reimer, Christian
name: Simianer, Henner
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Categories of chicken breeds. Table S2. Relationship between observed heterozygosity and genetic distance to Gallus gallus for different groups of populations. Table S4. List and functions of the genes in the top and lowest 5% slope ranges.
Optimal uptake of second-generation genetically-modified crops
Creators: name: Kaye-Blake, William
name: Saunders, Caroline M.
name: Fairweather, John
name: Kaye-Blake, William
name: Saunders, Caroline M.
name: Fairweather, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: genetically modified food
subject: survey
subject: consumer research
subject: second-generation
subject: New Zealand

description: The results of a nationwide New Zealand survey into willingness to pay (WTP) for six different genetically modified (GM) food products were used to estimate market-level demand curves for the products. The raw results clearly indicate that different New Zealanders have different WTP for GM food. An estimated sigmoid regression curve showed that, with one exception, the type of GM product offered had little effect on WTP. This estimated demand curve was used to calculate the optimal uptake of GM crops, which is the percentage of total output that should be GM in order to maximise industry revenues.
Drift velocity saturation and large current density in an intrinsic three-dimensional Dirac semimetal cadmium arsenide
Creators: name: Kubakaddi, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport of electrons at high electric fields is investigated in an intrinsic three-dimensional Dirac semimetal cadmium arsenide, considering the scattering of electrons from acoustic and optical phonons. Screening and hot phonon effect are taken in to account. Expressions for the hot electron mobility $μ$ and power loss $P$ are obtained as a function of electron temperature $T_e$. The dependence of drift velocity $v_d$ on electric field $E$ and electron density $n_e$ has been studied. Hot phonon effect is found to set in the saturation of $v_d$ at relatively low $E$ and significantly degrades its magnitude. The drift velocity is found to saturate at a value $v_{ds} \sim 10^7$ cm/s and it is weakly dependent on $n_e$. A large saturation current density $\sim 10^6$ A/cm$^2$ is predicted.
ESTIMATION OF THE KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVER EFFECTS BETWEEN FIRMS IN BIO-RELATED INDUSTRIES
Creators: name: Kim, Hanho
name: Kim, Jae-Kyung
name: Kim, Hanho
name: Kim, Jae-Kyung
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: knowledge spillover
subject: patent
subject: bio-related industries

description: Knowledge spillover is a kind of externality originating from imperfect appropriation of R&D performances, which implies that the knowledge created by one agent could be transmitted to other related agents by affecting their R&D or other economic performances. For the estimation of knowledge spillover effects based on firm-level patent data between firms in bio-related industries, patents production function, as a proxy of knowledge production function, is formulated and estimated. Knowledge spillovers from some industries to other industries are observed and strong competition effects also seem to exist.
X-ray spectroscopy on Abell 478 with XMM-Newton
Creators: name: de Plaa, J.
name: Kaastra, J. S.
name: Tamura, T.
name: Pointecouteau, E.
name: Mendez, M.
name: Peterson, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results from a spatially resolved spectroscopy study with XMM-Newton on the relaxed cluster of galaxies Abell 478. From the EPIC data we extract a temperature profile and radial abundance profiles for Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ca, Fe and Ni. The abundance profiles follow the same trends as observed in other clusters. The spectra of the core of the cluster can be best fitted with a multi-temperature model. We argue that this multi-temperature behavior is mostly due to projection effects, because of the strong temperature gradient in the core. Contributions from other effects, for example, intrinsic temperature stratification cannot be fully excluded. For the first time we measure an underabundance of oxygen in the Galactic absorption component toward a cluster. The measured oxygen abundance in this absorber is about 0.5 times the solar oxygen abundance as determined by Anders & Grevesse (1989).
description: 9 pages. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Dry Eye, Contact Lenses and Preservatives in Glaucoma Medication
Creators: name: Tzamouranis, Dorotheos Dimitrios
name: Chandrinos Aristeidis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111399 Ophthalmology and Optometry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: 111303 Vision Science
subject: Pharmacology

description: Current review focus on hidden links between glaucoma, contact lenses and Ocular Surface Disease (OSD). In glaucoma the most important treatment is the control of progression through targeted pharmaceutical protection, keeping low intraocular pressure, by prescribing ophthalmic medications. On the other hand, use of preservatives in glaucoma medications is a common practice in order to maintain their effectiveness for an extended period of time. Anti-glaucoma medications enclose preservatives and the 70% of them contain a very common preserving agent, the Benzalkonium chloride (BAK). In glaucoma medications BAK toxicity includes, loss of tear film stability, direct damages to the cornea and conjunctival epithelium, and possible immune allergic reactions. Other types of preservatives may exhibit less toxicity but are still irritating agents. Of course, concentration and duration of treatment determine the extent of side effects of the preservatives. High content hydrogel contact lenses, absorb BAK molecules and release them slowly onto the corneal epithelium over time. So, patients that use contact lenses may wear them better 15 minutes after the medication. The prolonged exposure to BAK is well known to increase symptoms of ocular inflammation. A diminish of patient's life quality is observed and patient compliance to the specific anti-glaucoma medication, is also undermined. Conversely, there are more causes of dry eye in glaucoma patients, as the majority of the glaucomatous patients are elderly. Such factor is the decrease of tear production with increasing of age and numerous changes in the composition of the tear film. At the same time, elderly often suffer from other pathological diseases that encourage the development of dry eye and eye irritations. Adding the anti-glaucoma eye drops containing preservatives along with the constant use of contact lenses, we are led to a serious multifactorial dry eye condition. The last years several antiglaucoma agents have been marketed such as preservative-free or benzalkonium chloride-free formulations in an attempt to reduce the side effects related to the preservatives.
Mutually orthogonal binary frequency squares
Creators: name: Britz, Thomas
name: Cavenagh, Nicholas J.
name: Mammoliti, Adam
name: Wanless, Ian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A \emph{frequency square} is a matrix in which each row and column is a permutation of the same multiset of symbols. We consider only {\em binary} frequency squares of order $n$ with $n/2$ zeroes and $n/2$ ones in each row and column. Two such frequency squares are \emph{orthogonal} if, when superimposed, each of the 4 possible ordered pairs of entries occurs equally often. In this context we say that a $k$-MOFS$(n)$ is a set of $k$ binary frequency squares of order $n$ in which each pair of squares is orthogonal. A $k$-MOFS$(n)$ must satisfy $k\le(n-1)^2$, and any MOFS achieving this bound are said to be \emph{complete}. For any $n$ for which there exists a Hadamard matrix of order $n$ we show that there exists at least $2^{n^2/4-O(n\log n)}$ isomorphism classes of complete MOFS$(n)$. For $2
Quantum thermodynamics: thermodynamics at the nanoscale
Creators: name: Allahverdyan, A. E.
name: Balian, R.
name: Nieuwenhuizen, Th. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A short introduction on quantum thermodynamics is given and three new topics are discussed: 1) Maximal work extraction from a finite quantum system. The thermodynamic prediction fails and a new, general result is derived, the ``ergotropy''. 2) In work extraction from two-temperature setups, the presence of correlations can push the effective efficiency beyond the Carnot bound. 3) In the presence of level crossing, non-slow changes may be more optimal than slow ones.
description: 5 pages. Talk given at Physics of Quantum Electronics (PQE2004), Snowbird, by Th.M. Nieuwenhuizen
Ovophis convictus
Creators: name: Figueroa, Alex
name: Low, Martyn E. Y.
name: Lim, Kelvin K. P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Viperidae
Ovophis
Ovophis convictus

description: Ovophis convictus (Stoliczka, 1870) — Erroneous.
Indo-Malayan Mountain Pit Viper
Singapore records.
Trimeresurus monticola — Boulenger, 1890a: 427.—Sworder, 1923: 73.—Pope, 1935: 415.— de Haas, 1950: 610.—K.K.P. Lim & L.M. Chou, 1990: 55.—K.K.P. Lim & F.L.K. Lim, 1992: 149.—L.M. Chou et al., 1994: 106.
Lachesis monticola — Boulenger, 1896: 548, 549.— Flower, 1896: 896.—Ridley, 1899: 204.— Calmette, 1908: 52.— Boulenger, 1912: 216.— de Rooij, 1917: 283.
Ovophis monticola — Manthey & Grossmann, 1997: 406.
Ovophis monticola convictus — David & Vogel, 1996: 158.— Cox et al., 1998: 24.— Iskandar & Colijn, 2001: 155.— Gumprecht et al., 2004: 24.
Ovophis convictus —K.K.P. Lim & F.L.K. Lim, 2002: 149.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2008: 169.— Das, 2010: 305.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2012: 169.— Das, 2012a: 75.—Wallach et al., 2014: 513.—Chan-ard et al., 2015: 283.— Das, 2018: 140.
Remarks. Boulenger (1890a) examined a specimen of O. convictus said to come from Singapore, but we doubt the validity of this record, especially since O. convictus is a montane species throughout its range (Tweedie 1953). Subsequent publications all refer to Boulenger (1890a), except for Pope (1935) who examined the specimen.
LKCNHM & NHMUK Museum specimens. Singapore (no locality): BMNH 1882.11.27.7 (no date).
Additional Singapore museum specimens. No specimens.
description: Published as part of Figueroa, Alex, Low, Martyn E. Y. & Lim, Kelvin K. P., 2023, Singapore's herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution, pp. 1-378 in Zootaxa 5287 (1) on page 280, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5287.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7960319
Solar Neutrino Masses and Mixing from Bilinear R-Parity Broken Supersymmetry: Analytical versus Numerical Results
Creators: name: Diaz, M. A.
name: Hirsch, M.
name: Porod, W.
name: Romao, J. C.
name: Valle, J. W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an analytical calculation of solar neutrino masses and mixing at one-loop order within bilinear R-parity breaking supersymmetry, and compare our results to the exact numerical calculation. Our method is based on a systematic perturbative expansion of R-parity violating vertices to leading order. We find in general quite good agreement between approximate and full numerical calculation, but the approximate expressions are much simpler to implement. Our formalism works especially well for the case of the large mixing angle MSW solution (LMA-MSW), now strongly favoured by the recent KamLAND reactor neutrino data.
description: 34 pages, 14 ps figs, some clarifying comments added
Confinement, Glueballs and Strings from Deformed AdS
Creators: name: Apreda, Riccardo
name: Crooks, David E.
name: Evans, Nick
name: Petrini, Michela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study aspects of confinement in two deformed versions of the AdS/CFT correspondence - the GPPZ dual of N=1* Yang Mills, and the Yang Mills* N=0 dual. Both geometries describe discrete glueball spectra which we calculate numerically. The results agree at the 10% level with previous AdS/CFT computations in the Klebanov Strassler background and AdS Schwarzchild respectively. We also calculate the spectra of bound states of the massive fermions in these geometries and show that they are light, so not decoupled from the dynamics. We then study the behaviour of Wilson loops in the 10d lifts of these geometries. We find a transition from AdS-like strings in the UV to strings that interact with the unknown physics of the central singularity of the space in the IR.
description: latex, 24 pages, 7 figures, extra analysis and interpretation of Wilson loops
Additional file 4 of Genetic diversity in global chicken breeds in relation to their genetic distances to wild populations
Creators: name: Malomane, Dorcus Kholofelo
name: Weigend, Steffen
name: Schmitt, Armin Otto
name: Weigend, Annett
name: Reimer, Christian
name: Simianer, Henner
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4. Relationships between observed heterozygosity and genetic distance to G. gallus for genes in the top 5% slope range.
Analysis of biological effects of cell phone radiation on human body using specific absorption rate and thermoregulatory response
Creators: name: Rashid, Tanghid
name: Song, Heather H
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Health and science have reached a point of intersection which has never existed before. With the recent rapid increase in the use of cellular phones and long periods of usage of these devices near the human body, public concern regarding potential health hazards due to absorption of electromagnetic energy has been growing. To address these issues, this research evaluates the average Specific Absorption Rate in different human tissues by varying source to antenna distance and radiated power using the ANSYS 3D human body model. The Pennes bioheat transfer equation was solved analytically to calculate the longtime exposure effect and temperature rise.
Note Illustrative della Carta geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000 F. 154 Susa, Servizio Geologico d'Italia - ISPRA
Creators: name: Cadoppi, P.
name: Castelletto, M.
name: Sacchi, R.
name: Baggio, P.
name: Carraro, F.
name: Giraud, V.
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2002
Subjects: carta geologica, Susa, Piemonte, CARG, stratigrafia, tettonica, sottosuolo, geological map, stratigraphy, tectonics, subsurface

description: Note illustrative redatte per il Foglio geologico n. 154 Susa della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000. 126 pp.
Analogue models for FRW cosmologies
Creators: name: Barcelo, Carlos
name: Liberati, Stefano
name: Visser, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is by now well known that various condensed matter systems may be used to mimic many of the kinematic aspects of general relativity, and in particular of curved-spacetime quantum field theory. In this essay we will take a look at what would be needed to mimic a cosmological spacetime -- to be precise a spatially flat FRW cosmology -- in one of these analogue models. In order to do this one needs to build and control suitable time dependent systems. We discuss here two quite different ways to achieve this goal. One might rely on an explosion, physically mimicking the big bang by an outflow of whatever medium is being used to carry the excitations of the analogue model, but this idea appears to encounter dynamical problems in practice. More subtly, one can avoid the need for any actual physical motion (and avoid the dynamical problems) by instead adjusting the propagation speed of the excitations of the analogue model. We shall focus on this more promising route and discuss its practicality.
description: This essay was awarded an "honourable mention" in the 2003 essay competition of the Gravity Research Foundation. Uses revtex4; 6 pages in single-column format