cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nickel boride mediated chemoselective deprotection of 1,1-diacetates to aldehydes and deprotection with concomitant reduction to alcohols at ambient temperature
Creators: name: Gaurav Bartwal
name: Mohit Saroha
name: Jitender M. Khurana
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A variety of 1,1-diacetates have been chemoselectively and efficiently deprotected to the corresponding aldehydes as well as deprotected and concomitantly reduced to the corresponding alcohols in high yields at ambient temperature with nickel boride generated in situ using different molar ratios of sodium borohydride and nickel (II) chloride in methanol at room temperature. Deprotection and reduction of a variety of aromatic, aliphatic and heterocyclic acylals have been achieved efficiently. Mild reaction conditions, easy work-up, high yields and chemoselectivity demonstrate the efficiency of this new method.
Computing Expected Hitting Times for Imprecise Markov Chains
Creators: name: Krak, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a novel algorithm to solve a non-linear system of equations, whose solution can be interpreted as a tight lower bound on the vector of expected hitting times of a Markov chain whose transition probabilities are only partially specified. We also briefly sketch how this method can be modified to solve a conjugate system of equations that gives rise to the corresponding upper bound. We prove the correctness of our method, and show that it converges to the correct solution in a finite number of steps under mild conditions on the system. We compare the runtime complexity of our method to a previously published method from the literature, and identify conditions under which our novel method is more efficient.
Effective one-body model for extreme-mass-ratio spinning binaries on eccentric equatorial orbits: testing radiation reaction and waveform
Creators: name: Albanesi, Simone
name: Nagar, Alessandro
name: Bernuzzi, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a systematic analysis of the multipolar gravitational waveform, energy and angular momentum fluxes emitted by a nonspinning test particle orbiting a Kerr black hole along equatorial, eccentric orbits. These quantities are computed by numerically solving the Teukolsky equation in the time domain and are then used to test and improve the radiation reaction (and waveform) of an effective-one-body (EOB) model. Eccentricity is incorporated into EOB by replacing the quasi-circular Newtonian (or leading-order) prefactors in the EOB-factorized multipolar waveform (and fluxes) with their generic counterparts. The comparison between numerical and analytical quantities is carried out over a large portion of the parameter space, notably for orbits close to the separatrix and with high eccentricities. The analytical model agrees to $\sim 1\%$ with the numerical data for orbits with moderate eccentricities ($e\lesssim 0.3$) and moderate spins ($\hat{a}\lesssim 0.5$), although this increases up to $\sim 33\%$ for large, positive, black hole spins ($\sim 0.9$) and large eccentricities ($\sim 0.9$). For moderate eccentricities, the new EOB fluxes can be used to drive the dynamics through the nonadiabatic transition from eccentric inspiral to plunge, merger and ringdown, thus providing accurate an description of the merger. We also show that the same technique can be applied to hyperbolic encounters. In general, our approach to radiation reaction for eccentric inspirals should be seen as a first step toward EOB modelization of extreme-mass-ratio-inspirals waveforms for LISA.
description: 38 pages, 22 figures, Phys. Rev. D, matches published PRD version
QG-DL: Dynamics of a diabatic layer in the quasi-geostrophic framework
Creators: name: Klein, Rupert
name: Schielicke, Lisa
name: Pfahl, Stephan
name: Khouider, Boualem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 86A10

description: Quasi-geostrophic (QG) theory describes the dynamics of synoptic scale flows in the trophosphere that are balanced with respect to both acoustic and internal gravity waves. Within this framework, effects of (turbulent) friction near the ground are usually represented by Ekman Layer theory. The troposphere covers roughly the lowest ten kilometers of the atmosphere while Ekman layer heights are typically just a few hundred meters. However, this two-layer asymptotic theory does not explicitly account for substantial changes of the potential temperature stratification due to diabatic heating associated with cloud formation or with radiative and turbulent heat fluxes, which, in the middle latitudes, can be particularly important in about the lowest three kilometers. To address this deficiency, this paper extends the classical QG-Ekman layer model by introducing an intermediate, dynamically and thermodynamically active layer, called the "diabatic layer" (DL) from here on. The flow in this layer is also in acoustic, hydrostatic, and geostrophic balance but, in contrast to QG flow, variations of potential temperature are not restricted to small deviations from a stable and time independent background stratification. Instead, within the diabatic layer, diabatic processes are allowed to affect the leading-order stratification. As a consequence, the diabatic layer modifies the pressure field at the top of the Ekman layer, and with it the intensity of Ekman pumping seen by the quasi-geostrophic bulk flow. The result is the proposed extended quasi-geostrophic three-layer QG-DL-Ekman model for mid-latitude (dry and moist) dynamics.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Eigenvalues of Laplacians on Higher Dimensional Vicsek Set Graphs
Creators: name: Cao, Shiping
name: Strichartz, Robert S.
name: Wei, Melissa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A80

description: We study the graphs associated with Vicsek sets in higher dimensional settings. First, we study the eigenvalues of the Laplacians on the approximating graphs of the Vicsek sets, finding a general spectral decimation function. This is an extension of earlier results on two dimensional Vicsek sets. Second, we study the Vicsek set lattices, which are natural analogues to the Sierpinski lattices. We have a criterion when two different Vicsek set lattices are isomorphic.
description: 16 pages (17 with References), 2 figures
Catalyst-free synthesis of novel 4H-indeno[1,2-b]furan-4-ones and furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines in water
Creators: name: Khoeiniha, Reyhaneh
name: Abolfazl Olyaei
name: Saraei, Mahnaz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: An operationally simple, catalyst-free, and efficient protocol for the synthesis of novel 4H-indeno[1,2-b]furan-4-one and furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives by a one-pot reaction of 2-aminopyridines, 1,3-indandione, or barbituric acid and phenylglyoxal monohydrate in water at reflux, involving domino aldol condensation, Michael addition, and ring-closing reactions is described. This transformation has several advantages, including high yield, short reaction duration, simple workup, and simple purification.
Demonstrating shareability of multipartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering
Creators: name: Hao, Ze-Yan
name: Sun, Kai
name: Wang, Yan
name: Liu, Zheng-Hao
name: Yang, Mu
name: Xu, Jin-Shi
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering, a category of quantum nonlocal correlations describing the ability of one observer to influence another party's state via local measurements, is different from both entanglement and Bell nonlocality by possessing an asymmetric property. For multipartite EPR steering, the monogamous situation, where two observers cannot simultaneously steer the state of the third party, has been investigated rigorously both in theory and experiment. In contrast to the monogamous situation, the shareability of EPR steering in reduced subsystems allows the state of one party to be steered by two or more observers and thus reveals more configurations of multipartite EPR steering. However, the experimental implementation of such a kind of shareability has still been absent until now. Here, in an optical experiment, we provide a proof-of-principle demonstration of the shareability of EPR steering without the constraint of monogamy in a three-qubit system. Moreover, based on the reduced bipartite EPR steering detection results, we verify the genuine three-qubit entanglement results. This work provides a complementary viewpoint for understanding multipartite EPR steering and has potential applications in many quantum information protocols, such as multipartite entanglement detection, quantum cryptography, and the construction of quantum networks.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Discussion on the Nepalese Śaiva-Śākta Tantra – Ācārya Dr. Sthaneshwar Timalsina
Creators: name: Timalsina, Staneshwar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Guhyakālī
Kubjika
amnaya
Kaula
timalsina
Divine Mother
consciousness
krama
Kula
Īśāna
shakta upāya
Saundaryalahari
Mālinīvijayottaratantra
Chandi
advaita vedanta
sthaneshwar timalsina
vimarsha-foundation
Sarvamnaya
Abhinavagupta
vedanta
Kali
Devi Mahatmya
trika
Spanda
Shiva Sutra
Tantra
mahadeva
saivadvaita
shakti
sarvamnaya-oral-tradition-archive
Vasugupta
Tripura Rahasya
sarvamnaya
anava upaya
agama
Sadāśiva
Camunda
Shiva
Bhairava
yantra
Mahakali
tripura
Tantric philosophy
Shaiva
tantraloka
Durga
shambhava
Kashmir Shaivism
Tripurasundari

description: In this talk given by Śaivācārya and Professor Sthaneshwar Timalsina at Stanford University, he gives an introduction to the Nepalese Sarvāmnāya system. This system presents an integration of all transmissions (āmnāya) from the Śaiva-Śākta Tantra, where Śiva is the ṛṣi that reveals the different traditions of the Goddess. Such imagery is present in the Pashupatinath temple from Nepal, when we observe the Śiva liṅga with 6 faces, each one revealing a different āmnāya. Despite being predominantly Śaiva-Śākta in its nature, this system also integrates buddhist deities and practices. The conversation ends with a Q/A session in which several topics are covered, like visualization practices and maṇḍalas etc.

Original YouTube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GeiTGCZjJZM

This presentation is part of the Sarvāmnāya Oral Tradition Archive.
Vimarsha Foundation. (2025). The Sarvāmnāya Oral Tradition Archive [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15188107
Model-Free Quantum Control with Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Sivak, V. V.
name: Eickbusch, A.
name: Liu, H.
name: Royer, B.
name: Tsioutsios, I.
name: Devoret, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Model bias is an inherent limitation of the current dominant approach to optimal quantum control, which relies on a system simulation for optimization of control policies. To overcome this limitation, we propose a circuit-based approach for training a reinforcement learning agent on quantum control tasks in a model-free way. Given a continuously parameterized control circuit, the agent learns its parameters through trial-and-error interaction with the quantum system, using measurement outcomes as the only source of information about the quantum state. Focusing on control of a harmonic oscillator coupled to an ancilla qubit, we show how to reward the learning agent using measurements of experimentally available observables. We train the agent to prepare various non-classical states using both unitary control and control with adaptive measurement-based quantum feedback, and to execute logical gates on encoded qubits. This approach significantly outperforms widely used model-free methods in terms of sample efficiency. Our numerical work is of immediate relevance to superconducting circuits and trapped ions platforms where such training can be implemented in experiment, allowing complete elimination of model bias and the adaptation of quantum control policies to the specific system in which they are deployed.
Recovery of TESS Stellar Rotation Periods Using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Claytor, Zachary R.
name: van Saders, Jennifer L.
name: Llama, Joe
name: Sadowski, Peter
name: Quach, Brandon
name: Avallone, Ellis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used a convolutional neural network to infer stellar rotation periods from a set of synthetic light curves simulated with realistic spot evolution patterns. We convolved these simulated light curves with real TESS light curves containing minimal intrinsic astrophysical variability to allow the network to learn TESS systematics and estimate rotation periods despite them. In addition to periods, we predict uncertainties via heteroskedastic regression to estimate the credibility of the period predictions. In the most credible half of the test data, we recover 10%-accurate periods for 46% of the targets, and 20%-accurate periods for 69% of the targets. Using our trained network, we successfully recover periods of real stars with literature rotation measurements, even past the 13.7-day limit generally encountered by TESS rotation searches using conventional period-finding techniques. Our method also demonstrates resistance to half-period aliases. We present the neural network and simulated training data, and introduce the software butterpy used to synthesize the light curves using realistic star spot evolution.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables. Submitted to AAS Journals. For a brief video explaining this paper, see https://youtu.be/JNmMzHshyY0 . The code to simulate star spot evolution and light curves, butterpy, is available at https://github.com/zclaytor/butterpy
On the scale dependence in the dynamics of frictional rupture: constant fracture energy versus size-dependent breakdown work
Creators: name: Paglialunga, Federica
name: Passelègue, François
name: Brantut, Nicolas
name: Barras, Fabian
name: Lebihain, Mathias
name: Violay, Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Potential energy stored during the inter-seismic period by tectonic loading around faults is released during earthquakes as radiated energy, heat and fracture energy. The latter is of first importance since it controls the nucleation, propagation and arrest of the seismic rupture. On one side, fracture energy estimated for natural earthquakes (breakdown work) shows a clear slip-dependence. On the other side, recent experimental studies highlighted that, fracture energy is a material property limited by an upper bound value corresponding to the fracture energy of the intact material independently of the size of the event. To reconcile these contradictory observations, we performed stick-slip experiments in a bi-axial shear configuration. We analyzed the fault weakening during frictional rupture by accessing to the near-fault stress-slip curve through strain gauge array. We first estimated fracture energy by comparing the measured strain with the theoretical predictions from Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics and a Cohesive Zone Model. By comparing these values to the breakdown work obtained from the integration of the stress-slip curve, we show that, at the scale of our experiments, fault weakening is divided into two stages; the first one consistent with the estimated fracture energy, and a long-tailed weakening corresponding to a larger energy not localized at the rupture tip, increasing with slip. Through numerical simulations, we demonstrate that only the first weakening stage controls the rupture initiation and that the breakdown work induced by the long-tailed weakening can enhance slip during rupture propagation and allow the rupture to overcome stress heterogeneity along the fault. We conclude that the origin of the seismological estimates of breakdown work could be related to the energy dissipated in the long-tailed weakening rather than to the one dissipated near the tip.
Graph Vulnerability and Robustness: A Survey
Creators: name: Freitas, Scott
name: Yang, Diyi
name: Kumar, Srijan
name: Tong, Hanghang
name: Chau, Duen Horng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The study of network robustness is a critical tool in the characterization and sense making of complex interconnected systems such as infrastructure, communication and social networks. While significant research has been conducted in all of these areas, gaps in the surveying literature still exist. Answers to key questions are currently scattered across multiple scientific fields and numerous papers. In this survey, we distill key findings across numerous domains and provide researchers crucial access to important information by--(1) summarizing and comparing recent and classical graph robustness measures; (2) exploring which robustness measures are most applicable to different categories of networks (e.g., social, infrastructure; (3) reviewing common network attack strategies, and summarizing which attacks are most effective across different network topologies; and (4) extensive discussion on selecting defense techniques to mitigate attacks across a variety of networks. This survey guides researchers and practitioners in navigating the expansive field of network robustness, while summarizing answers to key questions. We conclude by highlighting current research directions and open problems.
description: Accepted into Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (TKDE) 2022
Work-Based Assessment OF/FOR/AS Learning: Context, Purposes and Methods
Creators: name: :: National Forum For The Enhancement Of Teaching And Learning In Higher Education
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Overview from the National Forum on work-based assessment OF/FOR/AS learning:Context, purposes and methods
Joint modeling of multivariate hearing thresholds measured longitudinally at multiple frequencies
Creators: name: Mulugeta Gebregziabher
name: Eckert, Mark A.
name: Matthews, Lois J.
name: Abeba A. Teklehaimanot
name: Dubno, Judy R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Pure-tone thresholds are used to estimate hearing acuity and, when measured longitudinally, can characterize age-related changes in hearing. Measured at multiple-frequencies, multiple-irregular time points, for right and left ears, these longitudinal studies of age-related hearing loss produce data of inherent complexity due to: 1) multivariate outcomes at different frequencies; 2) longitudinal measurements taken at subject-specific time intervals; and 3) inter-ear correlations due to clustering and nesting. To address limitations in existing methods, we propose a multivariate generalized linear mixed model (mGLMM) and assess its performance. We demonstrate its application using a unique dataset from a cohort study of age-related hearing loss.
Low-energy probes of small CMB amplitude in models of radiative Higgs mechanism
Creators: name: Jung, Sunghoon
name: Kawana, Kiyoharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The small CMB amplitude $A_s \simeq 10^{-9}$ (or, small temperature fluctuation $δT/T \simeq 10^{-5}$) typically requires an unnaturally small effective coupling of an inflaton $λ_ϕ\sim 10^{-14}$. In successful models, there usually is extra suppression of the amplitude, e.g. by large-field inflaton with non-minimal coupling $ξ$, so that $λ_ϕ$ can be much larger. But $λ_ϕ$ and $ξ$ cannot be $\sim {\cal O}(1)$ simultaneously; the naturalness burden is shared between them. We show that the absence of new physics signals at TeV scale may prefer a more natural size of $ξ\lesssim {\cal O}(1-100)$ with $λ_ϕ\lesssim {\cal O}(10^{-4}-10^{-8})$, constraining larger $ξ$ with larger $λ_ϕ$ more strongly. This intriguing connection between low- and high-energy physics is made in the scenarios with $U(1)_X$ where inflaton's renormalization running also induces Coleman-Weinberg mechanism for the electroweak symmetry breaking. We particularly work out the prospects of LHC 13 and 100 TeV $pp$ colliders for probing the parameter space of the small CMB amplitude.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Genome-wide analysis identifies a novel LINC-PINT splice variant associated with vascular amyloid pathology in Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Reddy, Joseph S.
name: Allen, Mariet
name: Ho, Charlotte C. G.
name: Oatman, Stephanie R.
name: İş, Özkan
name: Quicksall, Zachary S.
name: Wang, Xue
name: Jin, Jiangli
name: Patel, Tulsi A.
name: Carnwath, Troy P.
name: Nguyen, Thuy T.
name: Malphrus, Kimberly G.
name: Lincoln, Sarah J.
name: Carrasquillo, Minerva M.
name: Crook, Julia E.
name: Kanekiyo, Takahisa
name: Murray, Melissa E.
name: Bu, Guojun
name: Dickson, Dennis W.
name: Ertekin-Taner, Nilüfer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Efficient access to bisphenol A metabolites: Synthesis of monocatechol, mono-o-quinone, dicatechol, and di-o-quinone of bisphenol A
Creators: name: Stack, Douglas E.
name: Bejan Mahmud
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: 2-Iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) oxidation of bisphenol A (BPA) is described. The selective production of either the mono-o-quinone or the di-o-quinone can be controlled by IBX stoichiometry. Isolated yields of quinone were greater than 80%. Previous synthesis of BPA-di-o-quinone using a large excess of Fremy’s salt produced only trace amounts of product. In addition to o-quinone products, both mono- and dicatechols of BPA can synthesize in high yield and isolated without chromatography. The more stable catechols can be quantitatively converted back to o-quinones using silver oxide oxidation in either acetone or DMF. These one-pot reactions provide access to four different BPA metabolites in high yield and significant scale.
Nitrogen addition frequency and propagule pressure influence Solidago canadensis invasion into native plant community
Creators: name: Liu, Xuan-Shao
name: Cai, Jing-Fang
name: Liu, Lin
name: Sun, Kai
name: Jiang, Fan
name: Shen, Yi-Luan
name: A, Si-ha
name: Li, Hong-Li
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Propagule pressure (i.e., the number of propagules) has long been recognized to play an essential role in plant invasion, but such impacts depend on the environmental factors of the invaded area, such as nitrogen deposition. Currently, it is not clear whether propagule pressure influences the invasion of exotic plants into native plant communities when different frequencies of nitrogen are added. Therefore, we established an experiment with three plant communities that included native plant communities alone or native plant communities with one or five invasive plants, Solidago canadensis, under three frequencies of nitrogen addition (no addition or low or high addition with the same amount). The native communities consisted of three functional groups, including eight native plant species – four grasses, two legumes and two forbs. High propagule pressure significantly enhanced the biomass and relative dominance index of S. canadensis. Moreover, high propagule pressure only decreased the total and aboveground biomass of the legumes. Furthermore, the frequencies of nitrogen addition did not significantly affect the three functional groups. However, the competitive effect between S. canadensis and the native community and biomass of the whole native community varied according to different frequencies. Overall, high propagule pressure encouraged invasion by S. canadensis, while a low nitrogen frequency was advantageous for the native community to resist invasion in this experiment. The results provide a scientific basis to manage and control the invasion of S. canadensis.
Joint Sparsity Pattern Learning Based Channel Estimation for Massive MIMO-OTFS Systems
Creators: name: Meng, Kuo
name: Yang, Shaoshi
name: Wang, Xiao-Yang
name: Bu, Yan
name: Tang, Yurong
name: Zhang, Jianhua
name: Hanzo, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a channel estimation scheme based on joint sparsity pattern learning (JSPL) for massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) orthogonal time-frequency-space (OTFS) modulation aided systems. By exploiting the potential joint sparsity of the delay-Doppler-angle (DDA) domain channel, the channel estimation problem is transformed into a sparse recovery problem. To solve it, we first apply the spike and slab prior model to iteratively estimate the support set of the channel matrix, and a higher-accuracy parameter update rule relying on the identified support set is introduced into the iteration. Then the specific values of the channel elements corresponding to the support set are estimated by the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) method. Both our simulation results and analysis demonstrate that the proposed JSPL channel estimation scheme achieves an improved performance over the representative state-of-the-art baseline schemes, despite its reduced pilot overhead.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted to appear on IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Mar. 2024
Experimental quantum memristor
Creators: name: Spagnolo, Michele
name: Morris, Joshua
name: Piacentini, Simone
name: Antesberger, Michael
name: Massa, Francesco
name: Ceccarelli, Francesco
name: Crespi, Andrea
name: Osellame, Roberto
name: Walther, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computer technology harnesses the features of quantum physics for revolutionizing information processing and computing. As such, quantum computers use physical quantum gates that process information unitarily, even though the final computing steps might be measurement-based or non-unitary. The applications of quantum computers cover diverse areas, reaching from well-known quantum algorithms to quantum machine learning and quantum neural networks. The last of these is of particular interest by belonging to the promising field of artificial intelligence. However, quantum neural networks are technologically challenging as the underlying computation requires non-unitary operations for mimicking the behavior of neurons. A landmark development for classical neural networks was the realization of memory-resistors, or "memristors". These are passive circuit elements that keep a memory of their past states in the form of a resistive hysteresis and thus provide access to nonlinear gate operations. The quest for realising a quantum memristor led to a few proposals, all of which face limited technological practicality. Here we introduce and experimentally demonstrate a novel quantum-optical memristor that is based on integrated photonics and acts on single photons. We characterize its memristive behavior and underline the practical potential of our device by numerically simulating instances of quantum reservoir computing, where we predict an advantage in the use of our quantum memristor over classical architectures. Given recent progress in the realization of photonic circuits for neural networks applications, our device could become a building block of immediate and near-term quantum neuromorphic architectures.
description: First revision
New thiourea organocatalysts and their application for the synthesis of 5-(1H-indol-3-yl)methyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones a source of chiral 3-indoylmethyl ketenes
Creators: name: Najda-Mocarska, Ewelina
name: Zakaszewska, Anna
name: Janikowska, Karolina
name: Sławomir Makowiec
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: The stereoselective properties of modified thiourea organocatalysts were tested in the Friedel–Crafts alkylation of indole with 5-arylidene-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones, which produces chiral 5-((1H-indol-3-yl)(aryl)methyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones. Based on a tentative reaction mechanism for ((S)-N-benzyl-2-(3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thioureido)-N,3,3-trimethylbutanamide organocatalysts, modifications were applied in four selected regions. Systematic structure-stereoselectivity relationship study allowed designing the best efficient organocatalyst for the investigated Friedel–Crafts alkylation of indole with 5-arylidene-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones.
Two-Particle Bound States at Interfaces and Corners
Creators: name: Roos, Barbara
name: Seiringer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study two interacting quantum particles forming a bound state in $d$-dimensional free space, and constrain the particles in $k$ directions to $(0,\infty)^k \times \mathbb{R}^{d-k}$, with Neumann boundary conditions. First, we prove that the ground state energy strictly decreases upon going from $k$ to $k+1$. This shows that the particles stick to the corner where all boundary planes intersect. Second, we show that for all $k$ the resulting Hamiltonian, after removing the free part of the kinetic energy, has only finitely many eigenvalues below the essential spectrum. This paper generalizes the work of Egger, Kerner and Pankrashkin (J. Spectr. Theory 10(4):1413--1444, 2020) to dimensions $d>1$.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures v3: revised and extended version, including Appendix B by Rupert L. Frank
Heimdallr, Baldr and Solarstein: designing the next generation of VLTI instruments in the Asgard suite
Creators: name: Taras, Adam K.
name: Robertson, J. Gordon
name: Allouche, Fatme
name: Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin
name: Carter, Josh
name: Crous, Fred
name: Cvetojevic, Nick
name: Ireland, Michael
name: Lagarde, Stephane
name: Martinache, Frantz
name: McGinness, Grace
name: N'Diaye, Mamadou
name: Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie
name: Tuthill, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High angular resolution imaging is an increasingly important capability in contemporary astrophysics. Of particular relevance to emerging fields such as the characterisation of exoplanetary systems, imaging at the required spatial scales and contrast levels results in forbidding challenges in the correction of atmospheric phase errors, which in turn drives demanding requirements for precise wavefront sensing. Asgard is the next-generation instrument suite at the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI), targeting advances in sensitivity, spectral resolution and nulling interferometry. In this paper, we describe the requirements and designs of three core modules: Heimdallr, a beam combiner for fringe tracking, low order wavefront correction and visibility science; Baldr, a Zernike wavefront sensor to correct high order atmospheric aberrations; and Solarstein, an alignment and calibration unit. In addition, we draw generalisable insights for designing such system and discuss integration plans.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures. Part of the special issue "Optics and Photonics in Sydney"
Design and applications of new phosphine-free tetradentate Pd-catalyst: Regioselective C–H activation on 1-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles and indoles(NH-Free)
Creators: name: Markandeya, Sarma V.
name: Ch. Renuka
name: Parvathi K. Lakshmi
name: A. Rajesh
name: Chidara Sridhar
name: Korupolu Raghu Babu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This article describes the synthesis of a new phosphine free tetradentate Pd catalyst using dl-2,3-diaminopropionic acid. The complex was characterized by Mass, IR, and 1H NMR. The catalyst is air stable at room temperature and non-hygroscopic. Application of this new catalyst to regioselective C–H activation on 1-substituted 1,2,3-triazole and indoles with aryl iodides to get corresponding C-5 and C-2 arylated products with satisfactory yields. All the products were characterized by spectroscopic studies.
Understanding how social discussion platforms like Reddit are influencing financial behavior
Creators: name: Thukral, Sachin
name: Sangwan, Suyash
name: Chatterjee, Arnab
name: Dey, Lipika
name: Agrawal, Aaditya
name: Chandra, Pramit Kumar
name: Mukherjee, Animesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study proposes content and interaction analysis techniques for a large repository created from social media content. Though we have presented our study for a large platform dedicated to discussions around financial topics, the proposed methods are generic and applicable to all platforms. Along with an extension of topic extraction method using Latent Dirichlet Allocation, we propose a few measures to assess user participation, influence and topic affinities specifically. Our study also maps user-generated content to components of behavioral finance. While these types of information are usually gathered through surveys, it is obvious that large scale data analysis from social media can reveal many potentially unknown or rare insights. Characterising users based on their platform behavior to provide critical insights about how communities are formed and trust is established in these platforms using graphical analysis is also studied.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, and 1 algorithm; Published in WI-IAT 2022 (The 21st IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology)
Efficient access to bisphenol A metabolites: Synthesis of the monocatechol, mono-o-quinone, dicatechol, and di-o-quinone of bisphenol A
Creators: name: Stack, Douglas E.
name: Bejan Mahmud
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: 2-Iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) oxidation of bisphenol A (BPA) is described. The selective production of either the mono-o-quinone or the di-o-quinone can be controlled by IBX stoichiometry. Isolated yields of either quinone was greater than 80%. Previous synthesis of the BPA-di-o-quinone using a large excess of Fremy’s salt produced only trace amounts of product. In addition to o-quinone products, both mono- and dicatechols of BPA can synthesize in high yield and isolated without chromatography. The more stable catechols can be quantitatively converted back to o-quinones using silver oxide oxidation in either acetone or DMF. These one-pot reactions provide access to four different BPA metabolites in high yield and significant scale.
Generating insights about financial asks from Reddit posts and user interactions
Creators: name: Thukral, Sachin
name: Sangwan, Suyash
name: Chauhan, Vipul
name: Chatterjee, Arnab
name: Dey, Lipika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As an increasingly large number of people turn to platforms like Reddit, YouTube, Twitter, Instagram, etc. for financial advice, generating insights about the content generated and interactions taking place within these platforms have become a key research question. This study proposes content and interaction analysis techniques for a large repository created from social media content, where people interactions are centered around financial information exchange. We propose methods for content analysis that can generate human-interpretable insights using topic-centered clustering and multi-document abstractive summarization. We share details of insights generated from our experiments with a large repository of data gathered from subreddit for personal finance. We have also explored the use of ChatGPT and Vicuna for generating responses to queries and compared them with human responses. The methods proposed in this work are generic and applicable to all large social media platforms.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables; In ASONAM 2023 (The 2023 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Network Analysis and Mining)
Noncontextual coloring of orthogonality hypergraphs
Creators: name: Shekarriz, Mohammad H.
name: Svozil, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss representations and colorings of orthogonality hypergraphs in terms of their two-valued states interpretable as classical truth assignments. Such hypergraphs, if they allow for a faithful orthogonal representation, have quantum mechanical realizations in terms of intertwined contexts or maximal observables that are widely discussed as empirically testable criteria for contextuality. Reconstruction is possible for the class of perfectly separable hypergraphs. Colorings can be constructed from a minimal set of two-valued states. Some examples from exempt categories are presented that either cannot be reconstructed by two-valued states or whose two-valued states cannot yield a chromatic number that is equal to the maximal clique number.
description: 35 pages, 11 figures, revised and final version
Simple route to synthesize (E)-3-propyl-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid esters through the Z isomer
Creators: name: Bolchi, Cristiano
name: Roda, Gabriella
name: Pallavicini, Marco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Esters of 3-alkyl-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid, which are very important synthons, are not equally accessible in both E and Z configurations. The (Z)-isomers can be easily obtained from 3-alkyl-4-hydroxybutenolides, in turn prepared by aminoalkylation of aliphatic aldehydes with glyoxylic acid. The (E)-isomers, on the contrary, result from laborious procedures: the condensation of aldehydes with glyoxylic acid, followed by separation from γ-hydroxybutenolide by-product and esterification, or of aldehyde enamines with glyoxylic esters, followed by Z ester by-product conversion into γ-aminobutenolide and purification. Here, we describe a straightforward route to the title compounds, applied to methyl (E)-3-propyl-4-oxo-2-butenoate, avoiding any problematic by-product or isomer chromatographic separation: pentanal and glyoxylic acid are condensed to 3-propyl-4-hydroxybutenolide, which is converted to methyl (Z)-3-propyl-4-oxo-2-butenoate and then isomerized to E ester under acidic conditions.
Four component synthesis of highly functionalized pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles from benzyl halides
Creators: name: Mallappa Beerappa
name: Kalegowda Shivashankar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: N-methylmorpholine N-oxide and silver oxide (Ag2O) oxidized four component reaction for the preparation of pyranopyrazole with different substituted pattern have been developed which provides rapid access to a library of compounds in good to excellent yields by using benzyl halide, malanonitrile/ethyl cyanoacetate, diethylacetylenedicarboxylate/ethyl acetoacetate and hydrazine hydrate as reactants. This transformation involves the breaking of one C‒O bond and formation of 2 C–C, 2 C–N, and a C‒O bond leading to the formation of a five and six membered ring in one pot operation.
The large landscape of supernova, GRB and cocoon interactions
Creators: name: De Colle, Fabio
name: Kumar, Pawan
name: Hoeflich, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long gamma ray bursts (LGRBs) are associated to the collapse of a massive star and the formation of a relativistic jet. As the jet propagates through the star, it forms an extended, hot cocoon. The dynamical evolution of the jet/cocoon system and its interaction with the environment has been studied extensively both analytically and numerically. On the other hand, the role played by the supernova (SN) explosion associated with LGRBs in determining the outcome of the system has been barely considered. In this paper, we discuss the large landscape of outcomes resulting from the interaction of the SN, jet and cocoon. We show that the outcome depends mainly on three timescales: the times for the cocoon and supernova shock wave to break through the surface of the progenitor star, and the time needed for the cocoon to engulf completely the progenitor star. The delay between the launch of the SN shock moving through the progenitor star and the jet can be related to these three timescales. Depending on the ordering of these time scales, the jet-cocoon might propagate inside the SN ejecta or the other way around, and the outcome for the properties of the explosion would be different. We discuss the imprint of the complex interaction between the jet-cocoon and the supernova shock on the emergent thermal and non-thermal radiation.
description: Accepted by MNRAS
Universal quantum multi-qubit entangling gates with auxiliary spaces
Creators: name: Liu, Wen-Qiang
name: Wei, Hai-Rui
name: Kwek, Leong-Chuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Universal quantum entangling gates are a crucial building block in the large-scale quantum computation and quantum communication, and it is an important task to find simple ways to implement them. Here an effective quantum circuit for the implementation of a controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate is constructed by introducing a non-computational quantum state in the auxiliary space. Furthermore, the method is extended to the construction of a general n-control-qubit Toffoli gate with (2n-1) qubit-qudit gates and (2n-2) single-qudit gates. Based on the presented quantum circuits, the polarization CNOT and Toffoli gates with linear optics are designed by operating on the spatial-mode degree of freedom of photons. The proposed optical schemes can be achieved with a higher success probability and no extra auxiliary photons are needed.
description: 13 pages,7 figures,1 table
Wormhole on the Brane with Ordinary Matter: The Broader View
Creators: name: Sengupta, Rikpratik
name: Ghosh, Shounak
name: Kalam, Mehedi
name: Ray, Saibal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we attempt to examine the possibility of construction of a traversable wormhole on the Randall-Sundrum braneworld with ordinary matter employing the Kuchowicz potential as one of the metric potentials. In this scenario, the wormhole shape function is obtained and studied, along with validity of Null Energy Condition (NEC) and the junction conditions at the surface of the wormhole are used to obtain a few of the model parameters. The investigation, besides giving an estimate for the bulk equation of state parameter, draws important constraints on the brane tension which is a novel attempt in this aspect and very interestingly the constraints imposed by a physically plausible traversable wormhole is in high confirmity with those drawn from more general space-times or space-time independent situations involved in fundamental physics. Also, we go on to claim that the possible existence of a wormhole may very well indicate that we live on a three-brane universe.
description: 27 Pages, 5 figures