cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wide-range strain tunability provided by epitaxial LaAl1−xScxO3 template films
Creators: name: Herklotz, Andreas
name: Biegalski, Michael D.
name: Kim, Hyun-Sik
name: Schultz, Ludwig
name: Dörr, Kathrin
name: Christen, Hans M.
Publisher: name: Milton Park : Taylor & Francis
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Buffered substrates
subject: Coherent strain
subject: Complex oxides
subject: Functional oxide films
subject: In-plane lattice parameters
subject: Lattice parameters
subject: LSMO films
subject: Oxide substrates
subject: Pseudocubic
subject: Smooth surface
subject: Strain state
subject: Strain-relaxed
subject: Template films
subject: Tunabilities
subject: 530

description: The dielectric diamagnetic LaAl1− xScxO3 (LASO) (x=0–1) is proposed for adjusting of the biaxial in-plane lattice parameter of oxide substrates in the wide range from 3.79 to 4.05 Å (6.5%). This range includes the pseudocubic lattice parameters of most of the currently investigated complex oxides. The in-plane lattice parameter of strain-relaxed LASO films depends linearly on the composition, and these films grow with a smooth surface. On several different LASO-buffered substrates, ferromagnetic La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) films have been grown in predetermined strain states. A series of 30 nm thick LSMO films on LASO-buffered LaSrAlO4(001) demonstrates that continuously controlled coherent strains in a wide range, in this case from − 1 to +0.6%, can be obtained for the functional oxide films grown on LASO.
Additional file 2 of Dietary intake and cardiometabolic risk factors among Venezuelan adults: a nationally representative analysis
Creators: name: Goodman, Dina
name: González-Rivas, Juan P.
name: Jaacks, Lindsay M.
name: Duran, Maritza
name: Marulanda, María Inés
name: Ugel, Eunice
name: Josiemer Mattei
name: Chavarro, Jorge E.
name: Ramfis Nieto-Martinez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Show Cards Used in the EVESCAM Study.
Review of the theoretical and experimental status of dark matter identification with cosmic-ray antideuterons
Creators: name: Aramaki, T.
name: Boggs, S.
name: Bufalino, S.
name: Dal, L.
name: von Doetinchem, P.
name: Donato, F.
name: Fornengo, N.
name: Fuke, H.
name: Grefe, M.
name: Hailey, C.
name: Hamilton, B.
name: Ibarra, A.
name: Mitchell, J.
name: Mognet, I.
name: Ong, R. A.
name: Pereira, R.
name: Perez, K.
name: Putze, A.
name: Raklev, A.
name: Salati, P.
name: Sasaki, M.
name: Tarle, G.
name: Urbano, A.
name: Vittino, A.
name: Wild, S.
name: Xue, W.
name: Yoshimura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent years have seen increased theoretical and experimental effort towards the first-ever detection of cosmic-ray antideuterons, in particular as an indirect signature of dark matter annihilation or decay. In contrast to indirect dark matter searches using positrons, antiprotons, or gamma-rays, which suffer from relatively high and uncertain astrophysical backgrounds, searches with antideuterons benefit from very suppressed conventional backgrounds, offering a potential breakthrough in unexplored phase space for dark matter. This article is based on the first dedicated cosmic-ray antideuteron workshop, which was held at UCLA in June 2014. It reviews broad classes of dark matter candidates that result in detectable cosmic-ray antideuteron fluxes, as well as the status and prospects of current experimental searches. The coalescence model of antideuteron production and the influence of antideuteron measurements at particle colliders are discussed. This is followed by a review of the modeling of antideuteron propagation through the magnetic fields, plasma currents, and molecular material of our Galaxy, the solar system, the Earth's geomagnetic field, and the atmosphere. Finally, the three ongoing or planned experiments that are sensitive to cosmic-ray antideuterons, BESS, AMS-02, and GAPS, are detailed. As cosmic-ray antideuteron detection is a rare event search, multiple experiments with orthogonal techniques and backgrounds are essential. Many theoretical and experimental groups have contributed to these studies over the last decade, this review aims to provide the first coherent discussion of the relevant dark matter theories that antideuterons probe, the challenges to predictions and interpretations of antideuteron signals, and the experimental efforts toward cosmic antideuteron detection.
description: 72 pages, 20 figures
Strong Typed Böhm Theorem and Functional Completeness on the Linear Lambda Calculus
Creators: name: Matsuoka, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we prove a version of the typed Böhm theorem on the linear lambda calculus, which says, for any given types A and B, when two different closed terms s1 and s2 of A and any closed terms u1 and u2 of B are given, there is a term t such that t s1 is convertible to u1 and t s2 is convertible to u2. Several years ago, a weaker version of this theorem was proved, but the stronger version was open. As a corollary of this theorem, we prove that if A has two different closed terms s1 and s2, then A is functionally complete with regard to s1 and s2. So far, it was only known that a few types are functionally complete.
description: In Proceedings MSFP 2016, arXiv:1604.00384
A Novel Pre-Coding Based PAPR Reduction Scheme for IM/DD Systems
Creators: name: Cinemre, Idris
name: Hacioglu, Gokce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is critical for high-speed visible light communication (VLC) transmission; however, it suffers from a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) problem. Among PAPR reduction techniques, pre-coding methods have shown promising advantages such as signal independence and no requirement for signaling overhead. In this paper, we present a novel pre-coding method that combines discrete cosine transform (DCT) and discrete sine transform (DST) for VLC systems using OFDM. Our proposed approach, tailored specifically for intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) systems, aims to further improve the PAPR reduction while preserving bit error rate (BER) performance. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves more than a 6 dB reduction in PAPR compared to the DCT pre-coded method without significant degradation in BER performance.
Benzene at 1GHz. Magnetic field-induced fine structure
Creators: name: Heist, L.M.
name: Emsley, J.W.
name: Vaara, J.
name: Lelli, M.
name: Samulski, E.T.
name: Jokisaari, J.
name: Mamone, S.
name: Photinos, D.J.
name: Poon, C.-D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The deuterium NMR spectrum of benzene-d6 in a high field spectrometer (1 GHz protons) exhibits a magnetic field-induced deuterium quadrupolar splitting Δν . The magnitude of Δν observed for the central resonance is smaller than that observed for the 13C satellite doublets Δν ′ . This difference, Δ(Δν ) = Δν ′ − Δν , is due to unresolved fine structure contributions to the respective resonances. We determine the origins of and simulate this difference, and report pulse sequences that exploit the connectivity of the peaks in the 13C and 2H spectra to determine the relative signs of the indirect coupling, CD J , and Δν . The positive sign found for is consonant with the magnetic field biasing of an isolated benzene molecule—the magnetic energy of the aromatic ring is lowest for configurations where the C6 axis is normal to the field. In the neat liquid the magnitude of is decreased by the pair correlations in this prototypical molecular liquid.
Toroid Cavity Detectors for High-Resolution NMR Spectroscopy and Rotating Frame Imaging: Capabilities and Limitations
Creators: name: Kohlmann, Olaf
name: Johnson, Charles
name: Momot, Konstantin
name: Binesh, Nader
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: The capabilities of toroid cavity detectors for simultaneous rotating frame imaging and NMR spectroscopy have been investigated by means of experiments and computer simulations. The following problems are described: (a) magnetic field inhomogeneity and subsequent loss of chemical shift resolution resulting from bulk magnetic susceptibility effects, (b) image distortions resulting from off-resonance excitation and saturation effects, and (c) distortion of line shapes and images resulting from radiation damping. Also, special features of signal analysis including truncation effects and the propagation of noise are discussed. Bo inhomogeneity resulting from susceptibility mismatch is a serious problem for applications requiring high spectral resolution. Image distortions resulting from offresonance excitation are not serious within the rather narrow spectral range permitted by the RF pulse lengths required to read out the image. Incomplete relaxation effects are easily recognized and can be avoided. Also, radiation damping produces unexpectedly small effects because of self-cancellation of magnetization and short free induction decay times. The results are encouraging, but with present designs only modest spectral resolution can be achieved.
Chinese restriction, naturalisation and mobility in colonial and post-Federation Australia
Creators: name: Bagnall, Kate
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: In 1924, On Hing’s naturalisation certificate, issued in New South Wales in 1875, was tendered as evidence in a case heard before the Court of Quarter Sessions in Sydney. The case concerned On Hing’s daughter, Lucy Wong Sau, who had been arrested as a prohibited immigrant under the Immigration Act on her return to New South Wales after 35 years in China. With proof of Lucy’s Australian birth in the form of her birth certificate, and proof of her father’s Australian domicile in the form of his naturalisation certificate, the Court of Quarter Sessions ruled in her favour. Within months, however, the Commonwealth had appealed to the High Court, who ruled against Lucy, finding that she was not a member of the Australian community. In this paper I want to consider the interplay of naturalisation, mobility and Chinese restriction laws in colonial and post-Federation Australia, particularly within the context of the family. Before 1888, when naturalisation of Chinese was prohibited by law in New South Wales, nearly 1000 Chinese men were naturalised in the colony. Many of them sought naturalisation to avoid the prohibitive poll tax that was re-introduced with the 1881 Influx of Chinese Restriction Act. Over the following decades naturalised Chinese residents of New South Wales, and their families, continued to draw on their status as British subjects to negotiate anti-Chinese laws, particularly when they travelled out and back into the colony. In the paper I will trace the relationship between naturalisation and Chinese restriction laws in New South Wales from the 1880s, and discuss several notable cases, including that of On Hing and his daughter Lucy Wong Sau.
Additional file 1 of Dietary intake and cardiometabolic risk factors among Venezuelan adults: a nationally representative analysis
Creators: name: Goodman, Dina
name: González-Rivas, Juan P.
name: Jaacks, Lindsay M.
name: Duran, Maritza
name: Marulanda, María Inés
name: Ugel, Eunice
name: Josiemer Mattei
name: Chavarro, Jorge E.
name: Ramfis Nieto-Martinez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Dietary Intake Questionnaire.
Magnon spectrum of the helimagnetic insulator Cu2OSeO3
Creators: name: Portnichenko, P.Y.
name: Romhányi, J.
name: Onykiienko, Y.A.
name: Henschel, A.
name: Schmidt, M.
name: Cameron, A.S.
name: Surmach, M.A.
name: Lim, J.A.
name: Park, J.T.
name: Schneidewind, A.
name: Abernathy, D.L.
name: Rosner, H.
name: Van Den Brink, Jeroen
name: Inosov, D.S.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Magnetic properties and materials
subject: Spintronics
subject: 620

description: Complex low-temperature-ordered states in chiral magnets are typically governed by a competition between multiple magnetic interactions. The chiral-lattice multiferroic Cu2OSeO3 became the first insulating helimagnetic material in which a long-range order of topologically stable spin vortices known as skyrmions was established. Here we employ state-of-the-art inelastic neutron scattering to comprehend the full three-dimensional spin-excitation spectrum of Cu2OSeO3 over a broad range of energies. Distinct types of high- and low-energy dispersive magnon modes separated by an extensive energy gap are observed in excellent agreement with the previously suggested microscopic theory based on a model of entangled Cu4 tetrahedra. The comparison of our neutron spectroscopy data with model spin-dynamical calculations based on these theoretical proposals enables an accurate quantitative verification of the fundamental magnetic interactions in Cu2OSeO3 that are essential for understanding its abundant low-temperature magnetically ordered phases.
The Compton-Schwarzschild correspondence from extended de Broglie relations
Creators: name: Lake, Matthew J.
name: Carr, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Compton wavelength gives the minimum radius within which the mass of a particle may be localized due to quantum effects, while the Schwarzschild radius gives the maximum radius within which the mass of a black hole may be localized due to classial gravity. In a mass-radius diagram, the two lines intersect near the Planck point $(l_P,m_P)$, where quantum gravity effects become significant. Since canonical (non-gravitational) quantum mechanics is based on the concept of wave-particle duality, encapsulated in the de Broglie relations, these relations should break down near $(l_P,m_P)$. It is unclear what physical interpretation can be given to quantum particles with energy $E \gg m_Pc^2 $, since they correspond to wavelengths $λ\ll l_P$ or time periods $T \ll t_P$ in the standard theory. We therefore propose a correction to the standard de Broglie relations, which gives rise to a modified Schr{\" o}dinger equation and a modified expression for the Compton wavelength, which may be extended into the region $E \gg m_Pc^2$. For the proposed modification, we recover the expression for the Schwarzschild radius for $E \gg m_Pc^2$ and the usual Compton formula for $E \ll m_Pc^2$. The sign of the inequality obtained from the uncertainty principle reverses at $m \approx m_P$, so that the Compton wavelength and event horizon size may be interpreted as minimum and maximum radii, respectively. We interpret the additional terms in the modified de Broglie relations as representing the self-gravitation of the wave packet.
description: 40 pages, 7 figures, 2 appendices. Published version, with additional minor typos corrected (v3)
Bringing the factory to the students: Enriching teaching cases with Virtual Reality
Creators: name: Netland, Tobjörn
name: Flaeschner, Oliver
name: Maghazei, Omid
Publisher: name: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal
Year: 2018

description: Our project “Case VR” brings the factory into the classroom of production and operations management courses. By using virtual reality we enhance the case method for teaching socio-technical phenomena.
description: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Special issue: ETH Learning and Teaching Fair 2018 proceedings
Generalized convergence of solutions for nonlinear Hamilton-Jacobi equations with state-constraint
Creators: name: Tu, Son
name: Zhang, Jianlu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40, 37J50, 49L25

description: For a continuous Hamiltonian $H : (x, p, u) \in T^*\mathbb{R}^n \times \mathbb{R}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$, we consider the asymptotic behavior of associated Hamilton--Jacobi equations with state-constraint $H(x, Du, λu) \leq C_λ$ in $Ω_λ\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ and $H(x, Du, λu) \geq C_λ$ on $\overlineΩ_λ\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ a $λ\rightarrow 0^+$. When $H$ satisfies certain convex, coercive, and monotone conditions, the domain $Ω_λ:=(1+r(λ))Ω$ keeps bounded, star-shaped for all $λ>0$ with $\lim_{λ\rightarrow 0^+}r(λ)=0$, and $\lim_{λ\rightarrow 0^+}C_λ=c(H)$ equals the ergodic constant of $H(\cdot,\cdot,0)$, we prove the convergence of solutions $u_λ$ to a specific solution of the critical equation $H(x, Du, 0)\leq c(H) $ in $Ω$ and $H(x, Du, 0)\geq c(H) $ on $\overlineΩ$. We also discuss the generalization of such a convergence for equations with more general $C_λ$ and $Ω_λ$.
description: 27 pages, some more typos corrected
Linear Stability and the Braess Paradox in Coupled Oscillators Networks and Electric Power Grids
Creators: name: Coletta, Tommaso
name: Jacquod, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence that adding a new coupling has on the linear stability of the synchronous state in coupled oscillators networks. Using a simple model we show that, depending on its location, the new coupling can lead to enhanced or reduced stability. We extend these results to electric power grids where a new line can lead to four different scenarios corresponding to enhanced or reduced grid stability as well as increased or decreased power flows. Our analysis shows that the Braess paradox may occur in any complex coupled system, where the synchronous state may be weakened and sometimes even destroyed by additional couplings.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Variations of dose rate observed by MSL/RAD in transit to Mars
Creators: name: Guo, Jingnan
name: Zeitlin, Cary
name: Wimmer-Schweingruber, Robert F.
name: Hassler, Donald M.
name: Posner, Arik
name: Heber, Bernd
name: Köhler, Jan
name: Rafkin, Scot
name: Ehresmann, Bent
name: Appel, Jan K.
name: Böhm, Eckart
name: Böttcher, Stephan
name: Burmeister, Sönke
name: Brinza, David E.
name: Lohf, Henning
name: Martin, Cesar
name: Reitz, Günther
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: To predict the cruise radiation environment related to future human missions to Mars, the correlation between solar modulation potential and the dose rate measured by the Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) has been analyzed and empirical models have been employed to quantify this correlation. Methods: The instrument RAD, onboard Mars Science Laboratory's (MSL) rover Curiosity, measures a broad spectrum of energetic particles along with the radiation dose rate during the 253-day cruise phase as well as on the surface of Mars. With these first ever measurements inside a spacecraft from Earth to Mars, RAD observed the impulsive enhancement of dose rate during solar particle events as well as a gradual evolution of the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) induced radiation dose rate due to the modulation of the primary GCR flux by the solar magnetic field, which correlates with long-term solar activities and heliospheric rotation. Results: We analyzed the dependence of the dose rate measured by RAD on solar modulation potentials and estimated the dose rate and dose equivalent under different solar modulation conditions. These estimations help us to have approximate predictions of the cruise radiation environment, such as the accumulated dose equivalent associated with future human missions to Mars. Conclusions: The predicted dose equivalent rate during solar maximum conditions could be as low as one-fourth of the current RAD cruise measurement. However, future measurements during solar maximum and minimum periods are essential to validate our estimations.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Real-space detection and manipulation of topological edge modes with ultracold atoms
Creators: name: Braun, Christoph
name: Saint-Jalm, Raphaël
name: Hesse, Alexander
name: Arceri, Johannes
name: Bloch, Immanuel
name: Aidelsburger, Monika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional topological insulators exhibit exotic gapless edge or surface states, as a result of non-trivial bulk topological properties. In periodically-driven systems the bulk-boundary correspondence is fundamentally modified and knowledge about conventional bulk topological invariants is insufficient. While ultracold atoms provide excellent settings for clean realizations of Floquet protocols, the observation of real-space edge modes has so far remained elusive. Here we demonstrate an experimental protocol for realizing chiral edge modes in optical lattices, by creating a topological interface using a potential step that is generated with a programmable optical potential. We show how to efficiently prepare particles in these edge modes in three distinct Floquet topological regimes that are realized in a periodically-driven honeycomb lattice. Controlling the height and sharpness of the potential step, we study how edge modes emerge at the interface and how the group velocity of the particles is modified as the sharpness of the potential step is varied.
Synchronization in interacting Scale Free Networks
Creators: name: Torres, M. F.
name: Di Muro, M. A.
name: La Rocca, C. E.
name: Braunstein, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fluctuations of the interface, in the steady state, of the Surface Relaxation Model (SRM) in two scale free interacting networks where a fraction $q$ of nodes in both networks interact one to one through external connections. We find that as $q$ increases the fluctuations on both networks decrease and thus the synchronization reaches an improvement of nearly $40\%$ when $q=1$. The decrease of the fluctuations on both networks is due mainly to the diffusion through external connections which allows to reducing the load in nodes by sending their excess mostly to low-degree nodes, which we report have the lowest heights. This effect enhances the matching of the heights of low-and high-degree nodes as $q$ increases reducing the fluctuations. This effect is almost independent of the degree distribution of the networks which means that the interconnection governs the behavior of the process over its topology.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures. Added a relevant reference.Typos fixed
Misorientation-angle-dependent electrical transport across molybdenum disulfide grain boundaries
Creators: name: Ly, Thuc Hue
name: Perello, David J.
name: Zhao, Jiong
name: Deng, Qingming
name: Kim, Hyun
name: Han, Gang Hee
name: Chae, Sang Hoon
name: Jeong, Hye Yun
name: Lee, Young Hee
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic and molecular physics
subject: Electronic properties and devices
subject: Nanoscience and technology
subject: 620

description: Grain boundaries in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides have unique atomic defect structures and band dispersion relations that depend on the inter-domain misorientation angle. Here, we explore misorientation angle-dependent electrical transport at grain boundaries in monolayer MoS2 by correlating the atomic defect structures of measured devices analysed with transmission electron microscopy and first-principles calculations. Transmission electron microscopy indicates that grain boundaries are primarily composed of 5–7 dislocation cores with periodicity and additional complex defects formed at high angles, obeying the classical low-angle theory for angles <22°. The inter-domain mobility is minimized for angles <9° and increases nonlinearly by two orders of magnitude before saturating at ∼16 cm2 V−1 s−1 around misorientation angle≈20°. This trend is explained via grain-boundary electrostatic barriers estimated from density functional calculations and experimental tunnelling barrier heights, which are ≈0.5 eV at low angles and ≈0.15 eV at high angles (≥20°).
Using applets in math courses
Creators: name: Akka Ginosar, Menny
Publisher: name: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal
Year: 2018

description: We used applets in math courses as a visual aid to animate aspects of mathematics where static drawings and oral explanations cannot ideally transport the main idea. We present some examples and discuss students’ feedback
description: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Special issue: ETH Learning and Teaching Fair 2018 proceedings
MOLEGRAM Explorer
Creators: name: Schneider, Gisbert
name: Hiss, Jan
Publisher: name: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal
Year: 2018

description: Mixed Reality application for students to dive into the world of molecules. You become a water molecule and can take a holographic walk on a protein surface.
description: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Special issue: ETH Learning and Teaching Fair 2018 proceedings
Prior Entanglement Exponentially Improves One-Server Quantum Private Information Retrieval for Quantum Messages
Creators: name: Song, Seunghoan
name: Gall, Francois Le
name: Hayashi, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum private information retrieval (QPIR) for quantum messages is a quantum communication task, in which a user retrieves one of the multiple quantum states from the server without revealing which state is retrieved. In the one-server setting, we find an exponential gap in the communication complexities between the presence and absence of prior entanglement in this problem with the one-server setting. To achieve this aim, as the first step, we prove that the trivial solution of downloading all messages is optimal under QPIR for quantum messages, which is a similar result to that of classical PIR but different from QPIR for classical messages. As the second step, we propose an efficient one-server one-round QPIR protocol with prior entanglement by constructing a reduction from a QPIR protocol for classical messages to a QPIR protocol for quantum messages in the presence of prior entanglement.
The UV, Lyman-alpha, and dark matter halo properties of high redshift galaxies
Creators: name: Garel, T.
name: Blaizot, J.
name: Guiderdoni, B.
name: Michel-Dansac, L.
name: Hayes, M.
name: Verhamme, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the properties of high-redshift Lyman-alpha emitters (LAE), and their link with the Lyman-Break galaxy population (LBG), using a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation that takes into account resonant scattering of Lya photons in gas outflows. We can reasonably reproduce the abundances of LAEs and LBGs from redshift 3 to 7, as well as most UV LFs of LAEs. The stronger dust attenuation for (resonant) Lya photons compared to UV continuum photons in bright LBGs provides a natural interpretation to the increase of the LAE fraction in LBG samples, X_LAE, towards fainter magnitudes. The redshift evolution of X_LAE seems however very sensitive to UV magnitudes limits and EW cuts. In spite of the apparent good match between the statistical properties predicted by the model and the observations, we find that the tail of the Lya equivalent width distribution (EW > 100 A) cannot be explained by our model, and we need to invoke additional mechanisms. We find that LAEs and LBGs span a very similar dynamical range, but bright LAEs are about 4 times rarer than LBGs in massive halos. Moreover, massive halos mainly contain weak LAEs in our model, which might introduce a bias towards low-mass halos in surveys which select sources with high EW cuts. Overall, our results are consistent with the idea that LAEs and LBGs make a very similar galaxy population. Their apparent differences seem mainly due to EW selections, UV detection limits, and a decreasing Lya-to-UV escape fraction ratio in high SFR galaxies.
description: accepted in MNRAS
The L 2 Essential Spectrum of the 2D Euler Operator
Creators: name: Cox, Graham
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Even in two dimensions, the spectrum of the linearized Euler operator is notoriously hard to compute. In this paper we give a new geometric calculation of the essential spectrum for 2D flows. This generalizes existing results—which are only available when the flow has arbitrarily long periodic orbits—and clarifies the role of individual streamlines in generating essential spectra
UN-Habitat ETH-CASE Housing at the Centre workshops: From the new urban agenda to systematic approaches
Creators: name: Boanada-Fuchs, Anthony
name: Dyne Barenstein, Jennifer
Publisher: name: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal
Year: 2018

description: In partnership with UN-Habitat, ETH-CASE organizes Housing at the Centre workshops for students to work on real housing challenges alongside national and UN-Habitat experts to support newly issued National Housing Plans
description: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Special issue: ETH Learning and Teaching Fair 2018 proceedings
Additional file 2 of Motivations for use, identity and the vaper subculture: a qualitative study of the experiences of Western Australian vapers
Creators: name: McCausland, Kahlia
name: Jonine Jancey
name: Tama Leaver
name: Wolf, Katharina
name: Freeman, Becky
name: Maycock, Bruce
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 2. COREQ checklist. A checklist of items that should be included in reports of qualitative research.
$\mathbb Z_2$-Nontrivial Moiré Minibands and Interaction-Driven Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulators in Topological Insulator Based Moiré Heterostructures
Creators: name: Yang, Kaijie
name: Xu, Zian
name: Feng, Yanjie
name: Schindler, Frank
name: Xu, Yuanfeng
name: Bi, Zhen
name: Bernevig, B. Andrei
name: Tang, Peizhe
name: Liu, Chao-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied electronic band structure and topological property of a topological insulator thin film under a moiré superlattice potential to search for two-dimensional (2D) $\mathbb Z_2$ non-trivial isolated mini-bands. To model this system, we assume the Fermi energy inside the bulk band gap and thus consider an effective model Hamiltonian with only two surface states that are located at the top and bottom surfaces and strongly hybridized with each other. The moiré potential is generated by another layer of 2D insulating materials on top of topological insulator films. In this model, the lowest conduction (highest valence) mini-bands can be $\mathbb Z_2$ non-trivial when the minima (maxima) of the moiré potential approximately forms a hexagonal lattice with six-fold rotation symmetry. For the nontrivial conduction mini-band cases, the two lowest Kramers' pairs of conduction mini-bands both have nontrivial $\mathbb Z_2$ invariant in presence of inversion, while applying external gate voltages to break inversion leads to only the lowest Kramers' pair of mini-bands to be topologically non-trivial. The Coulomb interaction can drive the lowest conduction Kramers' mini-bands into the quantum anomalous Hall state when they are half-filled, which is further stabilized by breaking inversion symmetry. We propose the monolayer Sb$_{2}$ on top of Sb$_2$Te$_3$ thin films to realize our model based on results from the first principles calculations.
Energy Efficiency of Downlink Networks with Caching at Base Stations
Creators: name: Liu, Dong
name: Yang, Chenyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Caching popular contents at base stations (BSs) can reduce the backhaul cost and improve the network throughput. Yet whether locally caching at the BSs can improve the energy efficiency (EE), a major goal for 5th generation cellular networks, remains unclear. Due to the entangled impact of various factors on EE such as interference level, backhaul capacity, BS density, power consumption parameters, BS sleeping, content popularity and cache capacity, another important question is what are the key factors that contribute more to the EE gain from caching. In this paper, we attempt to explore the potential of EE of the cache-enabled wireless access networks and identify the key factors. By deriving closed-form expression of the approximated EE, we provide the condition when the EE can benefit from caching, find the optimal cache capacity that maximizes the network EE, and analyze the maximal EE gain brought by caching. We show that caching at the BSs can improve the network EE when power efficient cache hardware is used. When local caching has EE gain over not caching, caching more contents at the BSs may not provide higher EE. Numerical and simulation results show that the caching EE gain is large when the backhaul capacity is stringent, interference level is low, content popularity is skewed, and when caching at pico BSs instead of macro BSs.
description: Accepted by Journal on Selected Areas in Communications (JSAC), Special Issue on Energy-Efficient Techniques for 5G Wireless Communication Systems
Systemic Design Lab: Incubating systemic design skills by experiential didactics and nature-based creativity
Creators: name: Luthe, Tobias
Publisher: name: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal
Year: 2018

description: Outdoor experiences, fabrication and transdisciplinarity empower students as change agents for sustainability, developing skills in critical systems thinking, bioinspired creativity, circular design and service understanding.
description: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Special issue: ETH Learning and Teaching Fair 2018 proceedings
Wunderkammer / Cabinet of Curiosities: Perceive, Collect, Organise, Translate, Visualise
Creators: name: Klein, Andreas
Publisher: name: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal
Year: 2018

description: The Wunderkammer / Cabinet of Curiosities project is a web platform that provides an interactive research tool for landscape architecture and design-relevant tools to support the design process at the interface between teachers and students
description: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Special issue: ETH Learning and Teaching Fair 2018 proceedings
Parametric phenomena workshop We present a flipped classroom approach to teaching parametric phenomena.
Creators: name: Strkalj, Antonio
name: Eichler, Alexander
name: Zilberberg, Oded
Publisher: name: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal
Year: 2018

description: Through simulated experiments, reading, and guided analytical exercises, the students build a deep understanding of complex nonlinear phenomena that appear across many fields of physics and engineering. In a poster exhibition, each participant showcases one particular manifestation of the very general physical model.
description: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Special issue: ETH Learning and Teaching Fair 2018 proceedings
Infrared modification of gravity from conformal symmetry
Creators: name: Gegenberg, Jack
name: Rahmati, Shohreh
name: Seahra, Sanjeev S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider a gauge theory of gravity in which the gauge group is the conformal group SO(4,2) and the action is of the Yang-Mills form, quadratic in the curvature. The resulting gravitational theory exhibits local conformal symmetry and reduces to Weyl-squared gravity under certain conditions. When the theory is linearized about flat spacetime, we find that matter which couples to the generators of special conformal transformations reproduces Newton's inverse square law. Conversely, matter which couples to generators of translations induces a constant and possibly repulsive force far from the source, which may be relevant for explaining the late time acceleration of the universe. The coupling constant of theory is dimensionless, which means that it is potentially renormalizable.
description: 7 pages. Expanded presentation and some changes of notation. Matches version published in PRD
Make it tangible: Laser cutter models in first-year mechanical engineering education
Creators: name: Lohmeyer, Quentin
name: Meboldt, Mirko
Publisher: name: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal
Year: 2018

description: Interacting with portable and operable physical models of commonly used machine components supports first-year students in understanding underlying working principles and mathematical relations
description: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Special issue: ETH Learning and Teaching Fair 2018 proceedings
Additional file 1 of Motivations for use, identity and the vaper subculture: a qualitative study of the experiences of Western Australian vapers
Creators: name: McCausland, Kahlia
name: Jonine Jancey
name: Tama Leaver
name: Wolf, Katharina
name: Freeman, Becky
name: Maycock, Bruce
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Data collection guide. The data collection guide includes the information recorded about the interview, participant’s demographic and behavioural information and the interview guide.
Partially Observable Mean Field Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Based on Graph-Attention
Creators: name: Yang, Min
name: Liu, Guanjun
name: Zhou, Ziyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traditional multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithms are difficultly applied in a large-scale multi-agent environment. The introduction of mean field theory has enhanced the scalability of multi-agent reinforcement learning in recent years. This paper considers partially observable multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), where each agent can only observe other agents within a fixed range. This partial observability affects the agent's ability to assess the quality of the actions of surrounding agents. This paper focuses on developing a method to capture more effective information from local observations in order to select more effective actions. Previous work in this field employs probability distributions or weighted mean field to update the average actions of neighborhood agents, but it does not fully consider the feature information of surrounding neighbors and leads to a local optimum. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithm, Partially Observable Mean Field Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning based on Graph-Attention (GAMFQ) to remedy this flaw. GAMFQ uses a graph attention module and a mean field module to describe how an agent is influenced by the actions of other agents at each time step. This graph attention module consists of a graph attention encoder and a differentiable attention mechanism, and this mechanism outputs a dynamic graph to represent the effectiveness of neighborhood agents against central agents. The mean-field module approximates the effect of a neighborhood agent on a central agent as the average effect of effective neighborhood agents. Experiments show that GAMFQ outperforms baselines including the state-of-the-art partially observable mean-field reinforcement learning algorithms. The code for this paper is here \url{https://github.com/yangmin32/GPMF}.
Backwards Principal Component Analysis and Principal Nested Relations
Creators: name: Damon, James
name: Marron, J.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: In non-Euclidean data spaces represented by manifolds (or more generally stratified spaces), analogs of principal component analysis can be more easily developed using a backwards approach. There has been a gradual evolution in the application of this idea from using increasing geodesic subspaces of submanifolds in analogy with PCA to using a “backward sequence” of a decreasing family of subspaces. We provide a version of the backwards approach by using a “nested sequence of relations” which define the decreasing sequences of subspaces which need not be geodesic. Because these are naturally inductively added in a backward sequence, they are frequently more tractable and overcome difficulties with using geodesics.
Attosecond Electron Microscopy
Creators: name: Hui, Dandan
name: Alqattan, Husain
name: Sennary, Mohamed
name: Golubev, Nikolay V.
name: Hassan, Mohammed Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron motion in atoms and molecules is at the heart of all phenomena in nature that occur outside the nucleus. Recently, ultrafast electron and X-ray imaging tools have been developed to image the ultrafast dynamics of matter in real time and space. The cutting-edge temporal resolution of these imaging tools is on the order of a few tens to a hundred femtoseconds, limiting imaging to atomic dynamics. Hence electron motion imaging remains beyond the reach. Here, we achieved attosecond electron imaging temporal resolution in a transmission electron microscope, orders of magnitude faster than the highest reported imaging resolution, to demonstrate, which we coin it as (attomicroscopy) to image the field-induced electron dynamics in neutral multilayer graphene. Our results show that the electron motion between the carbon atoms in graphene is due to the field-driven electron dynamics in the conduction band and depends on the field waveform, strength, and polarization direction. This attomicroscopy imaging provides more insights into the electron motion of neutral matter in real time and space and would have long-anticipated real-life attosecond science applications in quantum physics, chemistry, and biology.
IÖ-APP, real estate application
Creators: name: Menz, Sacha
name: Reichel, Hannes
Publisher: name: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal
Year: 2018

description: Retrieve, combine and assess various real estate parameters in order to arrive at indicators for appraising the value and potential of property.
description: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Special issue: ETH Learning and Teaching Fair 2018 proceedings
Reliable, bench-top measurements of charge density in the active layers of thin-film composite and nanocomposite membranes using quartz crystal microbalance technology
Creators: name: Coronell, Orlando
name: Perry, Lamar A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A reliable, user-friendly, bench-top method was developed and evaluated for the measurement of negative charge density in the active layers of thin-film composite and thin-film nanocomposite membranes. The method consists of isolating the active layer on a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor (i.e., AL+sensor sample), exposing the AL+sensor sample to an aqueous cesium solution at any pH of interest, and measuring with a QCM the mass of cesium ion that associates with the negative sites of the active layer. Results showed that QCM measurements of charge density in active layers were: (1) repeatable within 3% for tests performed with the same AL+sensor sample under the same experimental conditions; (2) reproducible within 3.8% for tests performed with the same AL+sensor sample when the ionic strength of cesium solutions was varied by 300%; (3) reproducible within 4% for active layers isolated from nearby locations of the same membrane sheet; and (4) consistent within 2.1% at pH = 10.5 with results obtained using the previously reported Rutherford backscattering spectrometry method on non-isolated active layers. The results therefore demonstrate the robustness, repeatability, reproducibility, and accuracy of the QCM method. We also demonstrated that the ionization behaviors of the polyamide-based thin-film composite and nanocomposite membranes tested were similar: both membranes had bimodal pKa distributions and negative charge densities of ~0.5 M at full ionization.
Higher order boundary Harnack principles in Dini type domains
Creators: name: Jeon, Seongmin
name: Vita, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B45, 35B65, 35J70, 35J75

description: Aim of this paper is to provide higher order boundary Harnack principles [De Silva-Savin 15] for elliptic equations in divergence form under Dini type regularity assumptions on boundaries, coefficients and forcing terms. As it was proven in [Terracini-Tortone-Vita 22], the ratio $v/u$ of two solutions vanishing on a common portion $Γ$ of a regular boundary solves a degenerate elliptic equation whose coefficients behave as $u^2$ at $Γ$. Hence, for any $k\geq 1$ we provide $C^k$ estimates for solutions to the auxiliary degenerate equation under double Dini conditions, actually for general powers of the weight $a>-1$, and we imply $C^k$ estimates for the ratio $v/u$ under triple Dini conditions, as a corollary in the case $a=2$.
description: 40 pages