cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Entropy bounds for device-independent quantum key distribution with local Bell test
Creators: name: Tan, Ernest Y. -Z.
name: Wolf, Ramona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main challenges in device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) is achieving the required Bell violation over long distances, as the channel losses result in low overall detection efficiencies. Recent works have explored the concept of certifying nonlocal correlations over extended distances through the use of a local Bell test. Here, an additional quantum device is placed in close proximity to one party, using short-distance correlations to verify nonlocal behavior at long distances. However, existing works have either not resolved the question of DIQKD security against active attackers in this setup, or used methods that do not yield tight bounds on the keyrates. In this work, we introduce a general formulation of the keyrate computation task in this setup that can be combined with recently developed methods for analyzing standard DIQKD. Using this method, we show that if the short-distance devices exhibit sufficiently high detection efficiencies, positive keyrates can be achieved in the long-distance branch with lower detection efficiencies as compared to standard DIQKD setups. This highlights the potential for improved performance of DIQKD over extended distances in scenarios where short-distance correlations are leveraged to validate quantum correlations.
description: Updated to match published version
10333: VADs at Catterick Camp Military Hospital
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: These photos belonged to my grandmother Batchie Griffiths (VAD General Services clerk) who was at Catterick Camp Military Hospital during the period February 1918 to February 1919. The names are as given in the captions in her photo album. Some of them can be identified with certainty: Superintendent Mrs Henderson was Sousa Marie Henderson, Phyllis was Phyllis Jenkins (later Mrs Parker), Minnie was Williamina Melville (later Mrs Scales). Maude was probably Maude Hoare. Bell may have been Evelyn Bell Taylor, who started at Catterick in February 1918 and whose Red Cross record identifies her as a lab. assistant. Theo was probably Theodora Gray, at Catterick from October 1915. Biggsie was probably Florence Hilda Lily Biggs who was a clerk at Catterick from January 1918 to Feb 1919. Tuckie might have been Dorothy Margaretta Tuckett, who was at Catterick Military Hospital from August 1918. I have not been able to identify Bobby, Pat, May/Mae, G or Peggy. All names are given going from left to right.
1. Group photo of VADs, nurses and patients. I cannot identify any of the people on this photo, which was probably taken during the winter of 1917-18.
2. The staff at the Quarter Master's stores, Catterick 24 March 1918. Batchie Griffiths is sitting on the right.
3. Bobby?, Peggy?, Mrs Henderson, G, Pat?
4. Bobby, Pat and Phyllis
5. Bell in the lab
6. Bell and Peggy
7. Bell
8. Biggsie, Batchie, Minnie
9. Phyllis, Mrs Henderson, G
10. Mrs Henderson, Maude, Minnie (at the back), Pat (front), Bobby, Biggsie
11. Mrs Henderson
12. Tuckie on the Swale
13. Bobby
14. Minnie and Maude
15. (Standing) Bobby, Batchie, Mae, Pat; (sitting) Minnie
16. Batchie and Peggy
17. Maude
18. Maude
19. Phyllis
20. Phyllis, Batchie (?)
21. Mrs Henderson
22. Pat and Mae
23. ?
24. G and Phyllis
25. Bobby
26. "A happy group"
27. "Picnic down Colburn". In the centre of the back row: Maude. Far right: Minnie. Others unknown.
28. Standing: Batchie
29. "After Catterick - identification uncertain.
30. Photo album cover
31. Photo album dedication, October 1918
32. "Life is funny, don't you think?" Poem dated 8 September 1918 33. Batchie Griffiths' Discharge Certificate With thanks to Ann Green, volunteer with the Imperial War Museum project Lives of the First World War, for her help in identifying some of those shown in the photos.
Gamma--Ray Bursts associated with Supernovae: A systematic analysis of BATSE GRB candidates
Creators: name: Bosnjak, Z.
name: Celotti, A.
name: Ghirlanda, G.
name: Della Valle, M.
name: Pian, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examined the properties of a sample of BATSE Gamma--Ray Bursts (GRBs) comprising events which have indications of association with a supernova (SN), some on the basis of indications of re--brightening in the optical afterglow light curve, but in most cases based only on the `loose' temporal and directional coincidence inferred from the cross correlation of catalogs. Despite of the large uncertainties in the latter selection method, the temporal and spectral analysis reveal three interesting statistical results when the sample is compared with that of all the BATSE GRBs: the GRBs tentatively associated with SNe are found to predominantly (in $\sim$ 80% of the cases) have single-peaked light curves, a softer spectrum (i.e. low energy power law index $α\sim$ --1.5) and tend not to follow the Lag-Luminosity and Isotropic Energy--Peak Energy correlations. These three independent statistical properties point toward the existence of a significant number of under-luminous,GRB 980425-like events constituting -- at least from an observational point of view -- a tail or a separate class with respect to the whole of the BATSE GRB events. The unusually high percentage of SN Ibc among those identified by the catalog cross--correlation (factor $\sim 4$ higher than expected from SN catalog statistics) reinforces the non-randomness of (some of) the selected events.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 1 table - accepted for publication in A&A
Jamming transition in a highly dense granular system under vertical vibration
Creators: name: Kim, Kipom
name: Moon, Jong Kyun
name: Park, Jong Jin
name: Kim, Hyung Kook
name: Pak, Hyuk Kyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of the jamming transition in a three-dimensional granular system under vertical vibration is studied using diffusing-wave spectroscopy. When the maximum acceleration of the external vibration is large, the granular system behaves like a fluid, with the dynamic correlation function G(t) relaxing rapidly. As the acceleration of vibration approaches the gravitational acceleration g, the relaxation of G(t) slows down dramatically, and eventually stops. Thus the system undergoes a phase transition and behaves like a solid. Near the transition point, we find that the structural relaxation shows a stretched exponential behavior. This behavior is analogous to the behavior of supercooled liquids close to the glass transition.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. E
Monster Shocks, Gamma-Ray Bursts, and Black Hole Quasi-normal Modes from Neutron-star Collapse
Creators: name: Most, Elias R.
name: Beloborodov, Andrei M.
name: Ripperda, Bart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform the first magnetohydrodynamic simulation tracking the magnetosphere of a collapsing magnetar. The collapse is expected for massive rotating magnetars formed in merger events, and may occur many hours after the merger. Our simulation suggests a novel mechanism for a gamma-ray burst (GRB) which is uncollimated and forms a delayed high-energy counterpart of the merger gravitational waves. The simulation shows that the collapse launches an outgoing magnetospheric shock, and a hot magnetized outflow forms behind the shock. The outflow is baryon-free and uncollimated, and its power peaks on a millisecond timescale. Then, the outflow becomes modulated by the ring-down of the nascent black hole, imprinting its kilohertz quasi-normal modes on the GRB tail.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures; accepted version; to appear in ApJL
Geometric quantization and non-perturbative Poisson sigma model
Creators: name: Bonechi, Francesco
name: Cattaneo, Alberto S.
name: Zabzine, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we point out the striking relation between the conditions arising within geometric quantization and the non-perturbative Poisson sigma model. Starting from the Poisson sigma model, we analyze necessary requirements on the path integral measure which imply a certain integrality condition for the Poisson cohomology class $[α]$. The same condition was considered before by Crainic and Zhu but in a different context. In the case when $[α]$ is in the image of the sharp map we reproduce the Vaisman's condition for prequantizable Poisson manifolds. For integrable Poisson manifolds we show, with a different procedure than in Crainic and Zhu, that our integrality condition implies the prequantizability of the symplectic groupoid. Using the relation between prequantization and symplectic reduction we construct the explicit prequantum line bundle for a symplectic groupoid. This picture supports the program of quantization of Poisson manifold via symplectic groupoid. At the end we discuss the case of a generic coisotropic D-brane.
description: 29 pages
10861: Poems by Rifleman Harry Wheeler
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Two poems written by Rifleman Harry Wheeler of the 17th Battn of the London Regiment to the contributor's grandmother, Eileen Young, when she was a nurse at the Bevan Hospital in Kent. UP YOU GO
Up you go with the best of luck
When you said "goodbye" to the ward,
Back you go to the mud and muck
When you are passed fit by the "Board",
You have to go and your eyes are wet
Your "swallers" choked and your teeth are set,
"Goodbye" my mates, you ain't dead yet
So up you go with the best of luck. Up you go with the best of luck
Your lucky to have the chance,
You're bustled into a cattle truck
And back to the boys in France
Cold quay sides are a dreary sight,
Your pals look pale in the cold 'arf light
Press on your butts and dress by the right,
And up you go with the best of luck. Up you go with the best of luck
To do your bit once more
Chance you luck because you have the pluck
As you've always shown before
For when you've done a spell out there,
You're a better man to do and dare
Than a chap whose asleep in a slacker's chair,
So up you go with the best of luck. Up you go with the best of luck
And here's to a safe return,
Lucky for us you ain't struck Like the men, whose bread you earn, Back to the fighting, back to the "line",
While dodgers hide and cowards whine,
The sun is bright and the weather's fine
So up you go with the best of luck. YPRES 1917
On 16th May I was injured at Ypres,
There were others too - wounded and killed,
But to tell you all would give you the creeps,
And you would with horror be filled. So I lay on the ground and looked up at Heaven,
And a vision came to me,
I could see my dear wife and children at home,
But I am glad they could not see me. But now I'm alright, in Blighty again,
And I'm getting on quite fine,
This hospital is named Bevan, and its like being in Heaven
After what I've been through up the line. I often think of days gone by,
When all the world was at peace,
But now things are changed and I often sigh,
And wonder when this war will cease. The sights I have seen I shall never forget,
Nor the noise of the shrapnel shell,
The terrible gas and the liquid fire, yet It cannot be worse in hell.There are many sad hearts in England today,
And in our Allies homes as well,
But when peace is declared - that longed for day,
There will be terrible tales to tell. I've been in the "line", had enough of it too,
To last me for many a day,
The horrible scenes which were only too true,
Have taught many a man to pray.
Enhanced Behavioral Cloning Based self-driving Car Using Transfer Learning
Creators: name: Sumanth, Uppala
name: Punn, Narinder Singh
name: Sonbhadra, Sanjay Kumar
name: Agarwal, Sonali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the growing phase of artificial intelligence and autonomous learning, the self-driving car is one of the promising area of research and emerging as a center of focus for automobile industries. Behavioral cloning is the process of replicating human behavior via visuomotor policies by means of machine learning algorithms. In recent years, several deep learning-based behavioral cloning approaches have been developed in the context of self-driving cars specifically based on the concept of transfer learning. Concerning the same, the present paper proposes a transfer learning approach using VGG16 architecture, which is fine tuned by retraining the last block while keeping other blocks as non-trainable. The performance of proposed architecture is further compared with existing NVIDIA architecture and its pruned variants (pruned by 22.2% and 33.85% using 1x1 filter to decrease the total number of parameters). Experimental results show that the VGG16 with transfer learning architecture has outperformed other discussed approaches with faster convergence.
Additional file 6 of Whole exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous variant in the DGKE catalytic domain: a case report of familial hemolytic uremic syndrome
Creators: name: Gholizad-Kolveiri, Soraya
name: Nakysa Hooman
name: Rasoul Alizadeh
name: Rozita Hoseini
name: Otukesh, Hasan
name: Talebi, Saeed
name: Akouchekian, Mansoureh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 6: Figure S6. The prediction of secondary structure of the model by phyre2.
Additional file 1 of Limitation of life-sustaining treatment and patient involvement in decision-making: a retrospective study of a Danish COVID-19 patient cohort
Creators: name: Jensen, Hanne Irene
name: Ozden, Sevim
name: Kristensen, Gitte Schultz
name: Azizi, Mihnaz
name: Smedemark, Siri Aas
name: Mogensen, Christian Backer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Patient characteristics divided between hospitals and Table S2. Treatment and discharge data.
Heavy-flavor photo- and electroproduction at NLO
Creators: name: Schienbein, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review one-particle inclusive production of heavy-flavored hadrons in a framework which resums the large collinear logarithms through the evolution of the FFs and PDFs and, at the same time, retains the full dependence on the heavy-quark mass without additional theoretical assumptions. The main focus is on the production of D^* mesons in deep inelastic electron--proton scattering at HERA. We show results, neglecting for the time being the heavy-quark mass terms, for deep inelastic D^* meson production at finite transverse momenta. Work to implement this process in the above mentioned massive QCD framework is in progress.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, to appear in the proceedings of Ringberg Workshop "New Trends in HERA Physics 2005", Ringberg Castle, Tegernsee, Germany, 2-7 Oct 2005
OUTPUT SUPPLY AND INPUT DEMAND SYSTEM OF COMMERCIAL AND BACKYARD POULTRY PRODUCERS IN INDONESIA
Creators: name: Yan, Dong
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
name: Yan, Dong
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Estimated Indonesian backyard and commercial broiler output supply and input demands from normalized quadratic function satisfy all theoretical properties (homogeneity, reciprocity, adding-up, symmetry, curvature). Elasticities have correct signs and are significant. Very inelastic supply explains strong border protection and casts doubt on long-term sustainability of import substitution policy.
Simulating the Universe from the cosmological horizon to halo scales
Creators: name: Montandon, Thomas
name: Hahn, Oliver
name: Stahl, Clément
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-large scales close to the cosmological horizon will be probed by the upcoming observational campaigns. They hold the promise to constrain single-field inflation as well as general relativity, but in order to include them in the forthcoming analyses, their modelling has to be robust. In particular, general relativistic effects may be mistaken for primordial signals, and no consensus has emerged either from analytical modelling nor from the numerical route, obstructed by the large dynamical range to be simulated. In this work, we present a numerical technique to overcome the latter limitation: we compute the general relativistic displacement field with the N-body relativistic code gevolution and combine it with the accurate Newtonian simulation Gadget-4. This combination leads to an effective simulation reproducing the desired behaviour at the level of the matter power spectrum and bispectrum. We then measure, for the first time in a simulation, the relativistic scale-dependent bias in Poisson gauge; at redshift $z=0$, we find $b_1^{\mathrm{GR}}=-5.7 \pm 1.7$. Our results at the field level are only valid in the Poisson gauge and need to be complemented with a relativistic ray tracing algorithm to compute the number count observable.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Data science on industrial data -- Today's challenges in brown field applications
Creators: name: Klaeger, Tilman
name: Gottschall, Sebastian
name: Oehm, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Much research is done on data analytics and machine learning. In industrial processes large amounts of data are available and many researchers are trying to work with this data. In practical approaches one finds many pitfalls restraining the application of modern technologies especially in brown field applications. With this paper we want to show state of the art and what to expect when working with stock machines in the field. A major focus in this paper is on data collection which can be more cumbersome than most people might expect. Also data quality for machine learning applications is a challenge once leaving the laboratory. In this area one has to expect the lack of semantic description of the data as well as very little ground truth being available for training and verification of machine learning models. A last challenge is IT security and passing data through firewalls.
FORECAST ENCOMPASSING AND FUTURES MARKET EFFICIENCY: THE CASE OF MILK FUTURES
Creators: name: Manfredo, Mark R.
name: Sanders, Dwight R.
name: Manfredo, Mark R.
name: Sanders, Dwight R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The traditional necessary condition for futures market inefficiency is the existence of alternative forecasting methods that produce mean squared forecast errors smaller than the futures market. Here, a more exacting requirement for futures market efficiency is proposed forecast encompassing. Using the multiple forecast encompassing procedure of Harvey and Newbold, forecast encompassing is tested with the CME fluid milk futures contract. Time series models and experts at the USDA provide the competing forecasts. The results suggest that the CME fluid milk futures do not encompass the information contained in the USDA forecasts at a two-quarter forecast horizon. While the competing forecasts generate positive revenues, it is unlikely that trading returns would exceed transaction costs in this relatively new futures market.
Normal Ordering Normal Modes
Creators: name: Evslin, Jarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a soliton sector of a quantum field theory, it is often convenient to expand the quantum fields in terms of normal modes. Normal mode creation and annihilation operators can be normal ordered, and their normal ordered products have vanishing expectation values in the one-loop soliton ground state. The Hamiltonian of the theory, however, is usually normal ordered in the basis of operators which create plane waves. In this paper we find the Wick map between the two normal orderings. For concreteness, we restrict our attention to Schrodinger picture scalar fields in 1+1 dimensions, although we expect that our results readily generalize beyond this case. We find that plane wave ordered $n$-point functions of fields are sums of terms which factorize into $j$-point functions of zero modes, breather and continuum normal modes. We find a recursion formula in $j$ and, for products of fields at the same point, we solve the recursion formula at all $j$.
description: 26 pages, no figures
Constraining nuclear matter parameters from correlation systematics:a mean-field perspective
Creators: name: Agrawal, B. K.
name: Malik, Tuhin
name: De, J. N.
name: Samaddar, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear matter parameters define the nuclear equation of state (EoS), they appear as coefficients of expansion around the saturation density of symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter. We review their correlations with several properties of finite nuclei and of neutron stars within mean-field frameworks. The lower order nuclear matter parameters such as the binding energy per nucleon, incompressibility and the symmetry energy coefficients are found to be constrained in narrow limits through their strong ties with selective properties of finite nuclei. From the correlations of nuclear matter parameters with neutron star observables, we further review how precision knowledge of the radii and tidal deformability of neutron stars in the mass range $1 - 2 M_\odot$ may help cast them in narrower bounds. The higher order parameters such as the density slope and the curvature of the symmetry energy or the skewness of the symmetric nuclear matter EoS are, however, plagued with larger uncertainty. From inter-correlation of these higher order nuclear matter parameters with lower order ones, we explore how they can be brought to more harmonious bounds.
description: to be appeared in EPJST
Anisotropic superconducting gap in transuranium superconductor PuRhGa$_{5}$: Ga NQR study on a single crystal
Creators: name: Sakai, H.
name: Tokunaga, Y.
name: Fujimoto, T.
name: Kambe, S.
name: Walstedt, R. E.
name: Yasuoka, H.
name: Aoki, D.
name: Homma, Y.
name: Yamamoto, E.
name: Nakamura, A.
name: Shiokawa, Y.
name: Nakajima, K.
name: Arai, Y.
name: Matsuda, T. D.
name: Haga, Y.
name: Onuki, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ^{69,71}Ga NMR/NQR studies have been performed on a single crystal of the transuranium superconductor PuRhGa_{5} with Tc ~ 9 K. We have observed a ^{69}Ga NQR line at ~29.15 MHz, and assigned it to the $4i$ Ga site using the NMR results. The ^{69}Ga NQR spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T_{1} shows no coherence peak just below Tc, but obeys a T^{3} behavior below Tc. This result strongly suggests that PuRhGa_{5} is an unconventional superconductor having an anisotropic superconducting gap.
description: 9 pages, 4 Postscript figures, Note Added in Proof. to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol. 74 (No.6)
Determination of generalized parton distributions through a simultaneous analysis of axial form factor and wide-angle Compton scattering data
Creators: name: Hashamipour, Hadi
name: Goharipour, Muhammad
name: Gousheh, Siamak S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present a new set of unpolarized ($ H $) and polarized ($\widetilde{H}$) generalized parton distributions (GPDs) that have been determined using a simultaneous $ χ^2 $ analysis of the nucleon axial form factor (AFF) and wide-angle Compton scattering (WACS) experimental data at the next-to-leading order (NLO) accuracy in QCD. We explore various Ansatzes presented in the literature for GPDs, which use forward parton distributions as input, and choose the ones most suited to our analysis. The experimental data included in our analysis cover a wide range of the squared transverse momentum, which is $ 0.025 < -t < 6.46 $ GeV$ ^2 $. We show that the WACS data affect significantly the large $-t$ behavior of $\widetilde{H}$. The polarized GPDs obtained from the simultaneous analysis of AFF and WACS data differ considerably from the corresponding ones obtained by analyzing AFF and WACS separately, and have less uncertainties. We show that the theoretical predictions obtained using our GPDs are in good agreement with the analyzed AFF and WACS data for the entire range of $ -t $ studied. Finally, we obtain the impact parameter dependent parton distributions, both in an unpolarized and in a transversely polarized proton, and present them as tomography plots.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PASTURE-RAISED BEEF SYSTEMS IN APPALACHIA
Creators: name: Evans, Jason R.
name: D'Souza, Gerard E.
name: Sperow, Mark
name: Rayburn, Edward B.
name: Evans, Jason R.
name: D'Souza, Gerard E.
name: Sperow, Mark
name: Rayburn, Edward B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Cow-calf operations are important enterprises for family farmers in Appalachia and provide significant opportunity for supplemental income. This analysis constitutes a thorough economic assessment of pasture-raised beef production, an alternative to traditional production that could benefit the region's producers in terms of profitability and mitigated risk. Stochastic budgeting was utilized for profitability and risk comparison between traditional and pasture-raised operations and accounted for seasonal variability in prices, pasture availability and animal performance. Pasture-raised systems, in relation to traditional ones, were shown to consistently yield higher returns over variable costs and were shown less likely to yield losses over total costs in typical production seasons. Economic risk for pasture-raised producers stems largely from production factors but, overall, is seemingly less pronounced than the market risk faced by traditional producers selling live cattle.
MEASURING MARKET INTEGRATION IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
Creators: name: Bolling, H. Christine
name: Bolling, H. Christine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Processed food industry
subject: global integration
subject: market shares
subject: Argentina
subject: Brazil
subject: U.S.

description: The increased level of market integration in the processed food industry through trade, foreign direct investment, and the expanded use of intellectual property rights are an observed phenomenon of the past three decades. Measurement of market integration is problematic, and the role of FDI in market integration has not been adequately taken into consideration. This study measures the growth in the market shares of multinationals in selected countries and industries to indicate the degree of market integration. We also employ a market share convergence type model to estimate whether the market shares of the multinationals and domestically owned firms in key markets have converged to some steady state during the years 1991 to 2003.
Weak gauge principle and electric charge quantization
Creators: name: Minguzzi, E.
name: Prieto, C. Tejero
name: Almorox, A. Lopez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from a weak gauge principle we give a new and critical revision of the argument leading to charge quantization on arbitrary spacetimes. The main differences of our approach with respect to previous works appear on spacetimes with non trivial torsion elements on its second integral cohomology group. We show that in these spacetimes there can be topologically non-trivial configurations of charged fields which do not imply charge quantization. However, the existence of a non-exact electromagnetic field always implies the quantization of charges. Another consequence of the theory for spacetimes with torsion is the fact that it gives rise to two natural quantization units that could be identified with the electric quantization unit (realized inside the quarks) and with the electron charge. In this framework the color charge can have a topological origin, with the number of colors being related to the order of the torsion subgroup. Finally, we discuss the possibility that the quantization of charge may be due to a weak non-exact component of the electromagnetic field extended over cosmological scales.
description: Latex2e, 24 pages, no figures
SUBDIVISION SPECIFIC AMENITIES AND RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY VALUES
Creators: name: Rahman, Shaikh Mahfuzur
name: Hardie, Ian W.
name: Rahman, Shaikh Mahfuzur
name: Hardie, Ian W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: A hedonic property value model, derived from a dynamic game theoretic framework, is estimated using data obtained for 211 subdivisions including 4628 building lots in five Maryland counties. Linear Box-Cox estimation results show that variables measuring subdivision specific amenities significantly affect residential property values, and omission of such variables produces biased coefficient estimates.
Possibility of Measuring the Width of Narrow Fe II Astrophysical Laser Lines in the Vicinity of Eta Carinae by means of Brown-Twiss-Townes Heterodyne Correlation Interferometry
Creators: name: Johansson, S.
name: Letokhov, V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility of measuring the true width of the narrow Fe II optical lines observed in spectra of the Weigelt blobs in the vicinity of Eta Carinae. The lines originate as a result of stimulated amplification of spontaneous emission of radiation in quantum transitions between energy levels showing inverted population (Johansson & Letokhov, 2002, 2003, 2004). The lines should have a subDoppler spectral width of 30-100 MHz, depending on the geometry of the lasing volume. To make measurements with a spectral resolution of R>10^7 and an angular resolution better than 0.1 arcsec, we suggest the use of the Brown-Twiss-Townes optical heterodyne intensity correlation interferometry. The estimates made of the S/N ratio for the optical heterodyne astrophysical laser experiment imply that it is feasible.
description: Accepted for publication in New Astronomy
CYG$ν$S: Detecting solar neutrinos with directional gas time projection chambers
Creators: name: Lisotti, Chiara
name: O'Hare, Ciaran A. J.
name: Baracchini, Elisabetta
name: Bashu, Victoria U.
name: Bignell, Lindsey J.
name: Dastgiri, Ferdos
name: Ghrear, Majd
name: Lane, Gregory J.
name: McKie, Lachlan J.
name: McNamara, Peter C.
name: Torelli, Samuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CYGNUS is a proposed global network of large-scale gas time projection chambers (TPCs) with the capability of directionally detecting nuclear and electron recoils at $\gtrsim$keV energies. The primary focus of CYGNUS so far has been the detection of dark matter, with directional sensitivity providing a means of circumventing the so-called neutrino fog. However, the excellent background rejection and electron/nuclear recoil discrimination provided by directionality could turn the solar neutrino background into an interesting signal in its own right. For example, directionality would facilitate the simultaneous spectroscopy of multiple different flux sources. Here, we evaluate the possibility of measuring solar neutrinos using the same network of gas TPCs built from $10$ m$^3$-scale modules operating under conditions that enable simultaneous sensitivity to both dark matter and neutrinos. We focus in particular on electron recoils, which provide access to low-energy neutrino fluxes like $pp$, $pep$, $^7$Be, and CNO. An appreciable event rate is already detectable in experiments consisting of a single $10$ m$^3$ module, assuming standard fill gases such as CF$_4$ mixed with helium at atmospheric pressure. With total volumes around 1000 m$^3$ or higher, the TPC network could be complementary to dedicated neutrino observatories, whilst entering the dark-matter neutrino fog via the nuclear recoil channel. We evaluate the required directional performance and background conditions to observe, discriminate, and perform spectroscopy on neutrino events. We find that, under reasonable projections for planned technology that will enable 10--30-degree angular resolution and $\sim 10$\% fractional energy resolution, CYGNUS could be a competitive directional neutrino experiment.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures
Additional file 1 of Whole-exome sequencing identifies a novel mutation in spermine synthase gene (SMS) associated with Snyder-Robinson Syndrome
Creators: name: Qazi, Talal J.
name: Wu, Qiao
name: Ailikemu Aierken
name: Daru Lu
name: Ihtisham Bukhari
name: Hussain, Hafiz M. J.
name: Yang, Jingmin
name: Mir, Asif
name: Qing, Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Cycle Life Prediction for Lithium-ion Batteries: Machine Learning and More
Creators: name: Schaeffer, Joachim
name: Galuppini, Giacomo
name: Rhyu, Jinwook
name: Asinger, Patrick A.
name: Droop, Robin
name: Findeisen, Rolf
name: Braatz, Richard D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Batteries are dynamic systems with complicated nonlinear aging, highly dependent on cell design, chemistry, manufacturing, and operational conditions. Prediction of battery cycle life and estimation of aging states is important to accelerate battery R&D, testing, and to further the understanding of how batteries degrade. Beyond testing, battery management systems rely on real-time models and onboard diagnostics and prognostics for safe operation. Estimating the state of health and remaining useful life of a battery is important to optimize performance and use resources optimally.
 This tutorial begins with an overview of first-principles, machine learning, and hybrid battery models. Then, a typical pipeline for the development of interpretable machine learning models is explained and showcased for cycle life prediction from laboratory testing data. We highlight the challenges of machine learning models, motivating the incorporation of physics in hybrid modeling approaches, which are needed to decipher the aging trajectory of batteries but require more data and further work on the physics of battery degradation. The tutorial closes with a discussion on generalization and further research directions.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for ACC 2024
The reflex response of human neck muscles to whiplash-like perturbations
Creators: name: Siegmund, Gunter Paul
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Most whiplash injuries are sustained in isolated rear-end collisions which occur without warning. Most studies of whiplash injury, however, have used multiple tests of subjects aware of the imminent perturbation. This thesis examined how multiple exposures and subject awareness of the presence, timing and amplitude of a whiplash-like perturbation affected the activation and amplitude of the neck muscle response and the peak kinematic response of the head and torso. In Experiment 1, the malleability of neck muscle reflexes was examined in 20 subjects (9F, 11M) who performed ballistic flexion and rotation head movements in a warned, simple reaction-time protocol. When a loud startling sound (124 dB) replaced the 'go' tone (76 dB), a hypermetric version of the reaction-time movement was evoked at the startle reflex onset latency. This result indicated that a reflex neck muscle response could be altered by mental preparation of a movement. In Experiment 2, 66 seated subjects (35F, 31M) underwent multiple perturbations with a peak forward acceleration of 1.5g. To their first perturbation, subjects who were deceived and unexpectedly perturbed responded differently than subjects given either exact or inexact information regarding perturbation timing. Advance warning of the perturbation appeared to produce anticipatory facilitation of the sensorimotor system mediating the reflex response. Subjects exposed to ten more perturbations exhibited a rapid habituation of their muscle response and complex changes in their kinematic response. Thirty-six of the 66 subjects (20F, 16M) then underwent 72 more perturbations interspersed with high (2.2g) or low (0.8g) acceleration perturbations. Response differences were not observed between warned and unwarned presentation of these different perturbations, which suggested that advance knowledge of acceleration amplitude did not affect subject responses. The remaining 30 subjects (15F, 15M) were exposed to seven different perturbations which showed that neck muscle and kinematic responses were graded to both perturbation acceleration and velocity. These experiments demonstrated that subject awareness of an imminent perturbation and habituation of the muscle response to multiple perturbations produced complex changes in the kinematic response, and suggested that neck muscle and kinematic responses of unprepared occupants in real whiplash collisions were different than human subject responses observed in most whiplash injury studies.
CORN PRODUCERS´ RESPONSE TO THE 2001 NITROGEN FERTILIZER PRICE INCREASE
Creators: name: Daberkow, Stan G.
name: McBride, William D.
name: Daberkow, Stan G.
name: McBride, William D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Farm Management

description: During the past few years, nitrogen fertilizer prices and price volatility have increased. Producers of nitrogen-intensive crops, such as corn, who are faced with increased nitrogen prices or price volatility, can adopt either cost-reducing or price variability-reducing strategies. Using a behavioral model in the logit specification and data from a 2001 national survey of U.S. corn producers, we found that the probability of forward pricing nitrogen fertilizer and the probability of using nitrogen more efficiently were linked to operator occupation, farm size, yield goal, and farm location.
Additional file 1 of Hyper-prevalence of submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum infections in a rural area of western Kenya with declining malaria cases
Creators: name: Ochwedo, Kevin O.
name: Omondi, Collince J.
name: Magomere, Edwin O.
name: Olumeh, Julius O.
name: Debrah, Isaiah
name: Onyango, Shirley A.
name: Orondo, Pauline W.
name: Ondeto, Benyl M.
name: Atieli, Harrysone E.
name: Ogolla, Sidney O.
name: Githure, John
name: Otieno, Antony C. A.
name: Githeko, Andrew K.
name: Kazura, James W.
name: Mukabana, Wolfgang R.
name: Guiyan, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Multivariate tests. Table S2. Test of between-subject effects.
Potential Impacts of Avocado Imports from Mexico on the Florida Avocado Industry
Creators: name: Nalampang, Sikavas
name: Tantiwongampai, Wirusana
name: Evans, Edward A.
name: Nalampang, Sikavas
name: Tantiwongampai, Wirusana
name: Evans, Edward A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Changes in agricultural policies shape the way markets and industries react. A recent policy issue expecting to have impacts on Florida Greenskin avocado industry is an entry of Mexican Hass avocados to all states in the United States in 2007. After 93 years of banning Mexican Hass avocados in Florida, the allowance of Hass variety from Mexico to Florida in 2007 may lead a different path to the Florida Greenskin avocado industry. This research addresses this issue by incorporating Florida avocados, together with California, Chile, Mexico, and Dominican Republic avocados into the analysis of the demand for avocados in the United States using a Rotterdam Inverse Demand System.
Detecting Ultralight Dark Matter Gravitationally with Laser Interferometers in Space
Creators: name: Yu, Jiang-Chuan
name: Cao, Yan
name: Tang, Yong
name: Wu, Yue-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultralight dark matter (ULDM) is one of the leading well-motivated dark matter candidates, predicted in many theories beyond the standard model of particle physics and cosmology. There have been increasing interests in searching for ULDM in physical and astronomical experiments, mostly assuming there are additional interactions other than gravity between ULDM and normal matter. Here we demonstrate that even if ULDM has only gravitational interaction, it shall induce gravitational perturbations in solar system that may be large enough to cause detectable signals in future gravitational-wave (GW) laser interferometers in space. We investigate the sensitivities of Michelson time-delay interferometer to ULDM of various spins, and show vector ULDM with mass $m\lesssim 10^{-18}~$eV can be probed by space-based GW detectors aiming at $μ$Hz frequencies. Our findings exhibit that GW detectors may directly probe ULDM in some mass ranges that otherwise are challenging to examine.
description: 7 pages + supplementary material, 3 figures
The Gaia-ESO survey: the non-universality of the age-chemical-clocks-metallicity relations in the Galactic disc
Creators: name: Casali, G.
name: Spina, L.
name: Magrini, L.
name: Karakas, A.
name: Kobayashi, C.
name: Casey, A. R.
name: Feltzing, S.
name: Van der Swaelmen, M.
name: Tsantaki, M.
name: Jofré, P.
name: Bragaglia, A.
name: Feuillet, D.
name: Bensby, T.
name: Biazzo, K.
name: Gonneau, A.
name: Tautvaisiene, G.
name: Baratella, M.
name: Roccatagliata, V.
name: Pancino, E.
name: Sousa, S.
name: Adibekyan, V.
name: Martell, S.
name: Bayo, A.
name: Jackson, R. J.
name: Jeffries, R. D.
name: Gilmore, G.
name: Randich, S.
name: Alfaro, E.
name: Koposov, S. E.
name: Korn, A. J.
name: Recio-Blanco, A.
name: Smiljanic, R.
name: Franciosini, E.
name: Hourihane, A.
name: Monaco, L.
name: Morbidelli, L.
name: Sacco, G.
name: Worley, C.
name: Zaggia, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the era of large spectroscopic surveys, massive databases of high-quality spectra provide tools to outline a new picture of our Galaxy. In this framework, an important piece of information is provided by our ability to infer stellar ages. We aim to provide empirical relations between stellar ages and abundance ratios for a sample of solar-like stars. We investigate the dependence on metallicity, and we apply our relations to Gaia-ESO samples of open clusters and field stars. We analyse high-resolution and high-S/N HARPS spectra of a sample of solar-like stars to obtain precise determinations of their atmospheric parameters and abundances through differential spectral analysis and age through isochrone fitting. We investigate the relations between ages and abundance ratios. For the abundance ratios with a steeper dependence on age, we perform multivariate linear regressions, including the dependence on metallicity. We apply our relations to a sample of open clusters located in 47 kpc. In these clusters, the content of s-elements is lower than expected from chemical evolution models, and consequently the [s/$α$] are lower than in clusters of the same age located in the solar neighbourhood. With our chemical evolution model and a set of empirical yields, we suggest that a strong dependence on the star formation history and metallicity-dependent yields of s-elements can substantially modify the slope of the [s/$α$]-[Fe/H]-age relation in different regions of the Galaxy. Our results point towards a non-universal relation [s/$α$]-[Fe/H]-age, indicating the existence of relations at different R$_{GC}$ or for different star formation history. A better understanding of the s-process at high metallicity is necessary to fully understand the origin of these variations.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, to be published in A&A