cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Researching what matters to improve chronic pain care in Canada: A priority-setting partnership process to support patient-oriented research
Creators: name: Poulin, Patricia
name: Yaadwinder Shergill
name: Romanow, Heather
name: Busse, Jason W.
name: Chambers, Christine T.
name: Cooper, Lynn
name: Forgeron, Paula A.
name: Harper, Anita Olsen
name: Hudspith, Maria
name: Iorio, Alfonso
name: Lalloo, Chitra
name: Ouellette, Carley
name: Robertson, Rosalind
name: Smeenk, Sandy
name: Stevens, Bonnie
name: Stinson, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Background: Chronic pain affects more than 6 million Canadians. Patients need to be involved in setting research priorities to ensure a focus on areas important to those who will be most impacted by the results. Aims: The aim of this study was to leverage patient experiences to identify chronic pain research priorities in Canada. Method: The process was informed by the James Lind Alliance. After gathering an exhaustive list of questions using surveys, town hall meetings, interviews, and social media consultations, we used a computerized Delphi with four successive iterations to select the final list of research priorities. The final Delphi round was conducted by a panel of ten patients living with chronic pain and ten clinicians from different disciplines. Results: We received more than 5000 suggestions from 1500 people. The Delphi process led to the identification of 14 questions fitting under the following 4 themes: (1) improving knowledge and competencies in chronic pain; (2) improving patient-centered chronic pain care; (3) preventing chronic pain and reducing associated symptoms; and (4) improving access to and coordination of patient-centered chronic pain care. Challenges included the issue of chronic pain being ubiquitous to many diseases, leading to many initial suggestions focusing on these diseases. We also identified the need for further engagement efforts with marginalized groups in order to validate the priorities identified or identify different sets of priorities specific to these groups. Conclusion: The priorities identified can guide patient-oriented chronic pain research to ultimately improve the care offered to people living with chronic pain.
Education and Intercultural Identity. A Dialogue between Zygmunt Bauman and Agostino Portera Zygmunt Bauman e Agostino Portera A cura di Riccardo Mazzeo Londra, Taylor & Francis, 2021
Creators: name: Zannoni, Federico
Publisher: name: Educazione interculturale
Year: 2021

description: Educazione interculturale, Vol. 19 No. 2 (2021): Multilingualism and the welcoming of mother tongues of children of foreign origin in educational and school contexts
Democracy Education: The Radical Teaching, Learning, and Doing of Tao Xingzhi
Creators: name: Price, Todd Alan
Publisher: name: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS)
Year: 2014

description: This year’s contribution to our International Literature section raises questions regarding the different Progressive influences on the work of Chinese educational activist Tao Xingzhi and provides a brief history of his unrelenting efforts to educate China’s rural classes during the first half of the 20th century.
description: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS), Vol 10 No 2 (2014)
The Powers of Relativistic Jets depend on the Spin of Accreting Supermassive Black Hole
Creators: name: Chen, Yongyun
name: Gu, Qiusheng
name: Fan, Junhui
name: Zhou, Hongyan
name: Yuan, Yefei
name: Gu, Weimin
name: Wu, Qinwen
name: Xiong, Dingrong
name: Guo, Xiaotong
name: Ding, Nan
name: Yu, Xiaoling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical models show that the power of relativistic jets of active galactic nuclei depends on the spin and mass of the central supermassive black holes, as well as the accretion. Here we report an analysis of archival observations of a sample of blazars. We find a significant correlation between jet kinetic power and the spin of supermassive black holes. At the same time, we use multiple linear regression to analyze the relationship between jet kinetic power and accretion, spin and black hole mass. We find that the spin of supermassive black holes and accretion are the most important contribution to the jet kinetic power. The contribution rates of both the spin of supermassive black holes and accretion are more than 95\%. These results suggest that the spin energy of supermassive black holes powers the relativistic jets. The jet production efficiency of almost all Fermi blazars can be explained by moderately thin magnetically arrested accretion disks around rapidly spinning black holes.
description: 15pages, 8figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Donne, razza e classe, Angela Y. Davis, (traduzione a cura di Marie Moïse e Alberto Prunetti, prefazione a cura di Cinzia Arruzza), Roma, Edizioni Alegre, 2018, (tr. di Women, Race & Class, Ed. Random House, 1981)
Creators: name: Firenze, Dario
Publisher: name: Educazione interculturale
Year: 2021

description: Educazione interculturale, Vol. 19 No. 2 (2021): Multilingualism and the welcoming of mother tongues of children of foreign origin in educational and school contexts
BCS BEC crossover and phase structure of relativistic system: a variational approach
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Bhaswar
name: Mishra, Hiranmaya
name: Mishra, Amruta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate here the BCS BEC crossover in relativistic systems using a variational construct for the ground state and the minimization of the thermodynamic potential. This is first studied in a four fermion point interaction model and with a BCS type ansatz for the ground state with fermion pairs. It is shown that the antiparticle degrees of freedom play an important role in the BCS BEC crossover physics, even when the ratio of fermi momentum to the mass of the fermion is small. We also consider the phase structure for the case of fermion pairing with imbalanced populations. Within the ansatz, thermodynamically stable gapless modes for both fermions and anti fermions are seen for strong coupling in the BEC regime. We further investigate the effect of fluctuations of the condensate field by treating it as a dynamical field and generalize the BCS ansatz to include quanta of the condensate field also in a boson fermion model with quartic self interaction of the condensate field. It is seen that the critical temperature decreases with inclusion of fluctuations.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, one more section added, title modified, version to appear in Phys Rev D
The chemical evolution of Manganese in different stellar systems
Creators: name: Cescutti, G.
name: Matteucci, F.
name: Lanfranchi, G. A.
name: McWilliam, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. To model the chemical evolution of manganese relative to iron in three different stellar systems: the solar neighbourhood, the Galactic bulge and the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy, and compare our results with the recent and homogeneous observational data. Methods. We adopt three chemical evolution models well able to reproduce the main properties of the solar vicinity, the galactic Bulge and the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal. Then, we compare different stellar yields in order to identify the best set to match the observational data in these systems. Results. We compute the evolution of manganese in the three systems and we find that in order to reproduce simultaneously the [Mn/Fe] versus [Fe/H] in the Galactic bulge, the solar neighbourhood and Sagittarius, the type Ia SN Mn yield must be metallicity-dependent. Conclusions. We conclude that the different histories of star formation in the three systems are not enough to reproduce the different behaviour of the [Mn/Fe] ratio, unlike the situation for [alpha/Fe]; rather, it is necessary to invoke metallicity-dependent type Ia SN Mn yields, as originally suggested by McWilliam, Rich & Smecker-Hane in 2003.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, submitted to A&A
Presidential Address AAACS - Advancing a Curriculum of Place for Justice and Sustainability
Creators: name: Slattery, Patrick
name: Edgerton, Susan H.
Publisher: name: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS)
Year: 2009

description: Tonight Susan and I are presenting this Presidential Address as a duet, and our title is “Advancing a Curriculum of Place for Justice and Sustainability.”
description: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS), Vol 5 No 1 (2009)
Review and Reflection of Paula Salvio’s Anne Sexton: Teacher of Weird Abundance
Creators: name: Burns, Jim
name: Lombard, Michele Kuzmovich
Publisher: name: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS)
Year: 2009

description: To make meaning of our experiences, our lives, and our selves may intuitively appear to be a solitary endeavor, a journey through time, memory, emotion, and the spaces that we have, do, and will inhabit in our lives. Or so a society based on rugged individualism might have us believe. This is particularly ironic because as teachers we are confronted daily by young people who need someone, often us, to assist them in navigating their feelings, confusion, emotions, and experiences. Often we do this by obtusely revealing something of ourselves, being careful, of course, to leave much safely tucked away, out of sight, forgotten, for in meeting our students we also confront ourselves. How much and in what context is that sense of need reciprocated? In our efforts to understand our subjectivities, our selves in relation to the world, we often turn to the life text of Other in the hope of deriving some meaning, some insight into thestill unfolding text in which our stories are inscribed and reinscribed. Anne Sexton’s story represents one of those dissonant experiences in which we are forced to confront ourselves through exploring an often disturbingly familiar life, a life that may reveal so much about ourselves that we view the Other with disgust to repel the familiarity. A Stallybrass and White citation hauntingly rang through the psyche. “Disgust…always bears the imprint of desire” (p. 10). What is it that we find so desirous in that which we claim to find so disgusting? Anne Sexton the teacher represents for Salvio “a limit case of an exemplary teacher” which can “expose the insufficiency of viewing teaching and learning from normative standpoints” (p. 6). Yet we found Salvio’s portrayal of Sexton validating in a way because we now know, we understand that are not alone. Salvio writes that Anne Sexton serves “as a foil for educators to declare themselves ‘dissimilar’ to her excessive, tormented pedagogy” (p. 24). She represents the ordinary Other against whom normal teachers judge themselves to be normal, the Other they need to identify themselves as normal, whatever ‘normal’ may be.
description: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS), Vol 5 No 1 (2009)
"We Need a Saviour": An Irreconciling Conversation about Curriculum
Creators: name: Grant, Kimberley A.
name: Jardine, David W.
Publisher: name: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS)
Year: 2016

description: Our conversation began in two places of happenstance that, like many conversations and many happenstances, slowly wove together.

The first was in our graduate class on interpretive discourses in curriculum. There, we had been exploring how the industrial model that breaks things down into meaningless and detached bits and pieces had been inherited by schooling in the early 20 th century. The interpretive traditions were being discussed as an interruption of this inheritance and as a way of recasting the ontology of the topics entrusted to teachers and students in schools. We explored how the interpretive traditions, in multifaceted ways, are founded on the interdependence and interrelatedness of ideas, images, concepts, selves, identities, institutions, schools, and so on. Nothing, in fact, arises as a bit or a piece detached from everything else and simply amassed, post hoc, with other bits and pieces, even though many schools and many classroom practices are organized around this ontological falsehood.
description: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS), Vol 7 No 2 (2011)
Nonholonomic Algebroids, Finsler Geometry, and Lagrange-Hamilton Spaces
Creators: name: Vacaru, Sergiu I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We elaborate an unified geometric approach to classical mechanics, Riemann-Finsler spaces and gravity theories on Lie algebroids provided with nonlinear connection (N-connection) structure. There are investigated the conditions when the fundamental geometric objects like the anchor, metric and linear connection, almost sympletic and related almost complex structures may be canonically defined by a N-connection induced from a regular Lagrangian (or Hamiltonian), in mechanical models, or by generic off-diagonal metric terms and nonholonomic frames, in gravity theories. Such geometric constructions are modelled on nonholonomic manifolds provided with nonintegrable distributions and related chains of exact sequences of submanifolds defining N-connections. We investigate the main properties of the Lagrange, Hamilton, Finsler-Riemann and Einstein-Cartan algebroids and construct and analyze exact solutions describing such objects.
description: 75 pages, latex2e, 11pt
Single Particle Detection System for Strong-Field QED Experiments
Creators: name: Salgado, F. C.
name: Cavanagh, N.
name: Tamburini, M.
name: Storey, D. W.
name: Beyer, R.
name: Bucksbaum, P. H.
name: Chen, Z.
name: Di Piazza, A.
name: Gerstmayr, E.
name: Harsh
name: Isele, E.
name: Junghans, A. R.
name: Keitel, C. H.
name: Kuschel, S.
name: Nielsen, C. F.
name: Reis, D. A.
name: Roedel, C.
name: Sarri, G.
name: Seidel, A.
name: Schneider, C.
name: Uggerhøj, U. I.
name: Wulff, J.
name: Yakimenko, V.
name: Zepter, C.
name: Meuren, S.
name: Zepf, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring signatures of strong-field quantum electrodynamics (SF-QED) processes in an intense laser field is an experimental challenge: it requires detectors to be highly sensitive to single electrons and positrons in the presence of the typically very strong x-ray and $γ$-photon background levels. In this paper, we describe a particle detector capable of diagnosing single leptons from SF-QED interactions and discuss the background level simulations for the upcoming Experiment-320 at FACET-II (SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory). The single particle detection system described here combines pixelated scintillation LYSO screens and a Cherenkov calorimeter. We detail the performance of the system using simulations and a calibration of the Cherenkov detector at the ELBE accelerator. Single 3 GeV leptons are expected to produce approximately 537 detectable photons in a single calorimeter channel. This signal is compared to Monte-Carlo simulations of the experiment. A signal-to-noise ratio of 18 in a single Cherenkov calorimeter detector is expected and a spectral resolution of 2% is achieved using the pixelated LYSO screens.
New opportunities for axion dark matter searches in nonstandard cosmological models
Creators: name: Arias, Paola
name: Bernal, Nicolás
name: Karamitros, Dimitrios
name: Maldonado, Carlos
name: Roszkowski, Leszek
name: Venegas, Moira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study axion dark matter production from a misalignment mechanism in scenarios featuring a general nonstandard cosmology. Before the onset of Big Bang nucleosynthesis, the energy density of the universe is dominated by a particle field $ϕ$ described by a general equation of state $ω$. The ensuing enhancement of the Hubble expansion rate decreases the temperature at which axions start to oscillate, opening this way the possibility for axions heavier than in the standard window. This is the case for kination, or in general for scenarios with $ω> 1/3$. However, if $ω< 1/3$, as in the case of an early matter domination, the decay of $ϕ$ injects additional entropy relative to the case of the standard model, diluting this way the preexisting axion abundance, and rendering lighter axions viable. For a misalignment angle $0.5 < θ_i < π/\sqrt{3}$, the usual axion window becomes expanded to $4 \times 10^{-9}$ eV $\lesssim m_a \lesssim 2 \times 10^{-5}$ eV for the case of an early matter domination, or to $2 \times 10^{-6}$ eV $\lesssim m_a \lesssim 10^{-2}$ eV for the case of kination. Interestingly, the coupling axion-photon in such a wider range can be probed with next generation experiments such as ABRACADABRA, KLASH, ADMX, MADMAX, and ORGAN. Axion dark matter searches may therefore provide a unique tool to probe the history of the universe before Big Bang nucleosynthesis.
The Linguistic Re-turn: The Moral and Practical Imperative of "Language" in Curriculum Studies
Creators: name: Razfar, Aria
Publisher: name: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS)
Year: 2016

description: For four decades critical modes of curriculum inquiry have inspired and informed new theoretical directions toward thinking about 'worthwhile' questions, Ideology and their relevance toward understanding social inequities and the educational disparity between dominant and nondominant populations. However, in recent years, the viability and relevance of these modes of inquiry have been questioned on the basis of language accessibility and other 'practical' considerations which threaten to make curriculum inquiry as a field 'moribund.' In this conceptual paper, I argue for a grounded approach to the 'worthwhile' questions and in particular the notion of Ideology in curriculum inquiry. More specifically, I propose the language ideologies (LI)approach as a way to foreground many of the 'worthwhile' questions surrounding Ideology in an empirical, hence more 'practical' manner through the prism of 'language' and its extension: discourse and narrative analysis. Using the discourse analytic approach afforded by LI, I illustrate my case with multiple vignettes from studies of classroom discourse, interviews with teachers about contested language issues (i.e. bilingual education & African American Vernacular), and historical debates surrounding the status of languages other than 'Standard' English in the United States.
description: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS), Vol 7 No 2 (2011)
Developing post mortem computed tomography coronary angiography to investigate non-suspicious death
Creators: name: Robinson, Claire
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In the last 20 years, post mortem computed tomography (PMCT) has been recognised as a potential alternative to autopsy in non-suspicious death investigation. To achieve this, PMCT must diagnose coronary artery disease (CAD), the most common cause of sudden adult death in England and Wales. PMCT angiography (PMCTA) makes this possible but gaps remain in our knowledge of its accuracy, if it can be improved and if other techniques could replace it.Through porcine and in- and ex-vivo human experiments leading to retrospective and prospective clinical studies of PMCT and PMCTA, I evaluated their diagnostic ability for CAD and their implementation by the evaluation of a PMCT non-suspicious deaths service.Studying coronary PMCTA pressure demonstrated that although pressures achieved were about one-third of that seen physiologically, it was sufficient to fill the coronary arteries and enable an accurate CAD diagnosis. Coronary PMCTA scan analysis demonstrated “dynamic” scanning improved its quality more than any other factor and post mortem clot in the aorta, which restricts coronary artery filling, is negated by sequential injections and rolling the patient. Analysis of coronary artery calcification showed that an Agatston score over 400 predicted significant coronary stenosis and therefore obviated the need for half of PMCTAs. This study also shows that radiographers can identify high scores visually and PMCT and PMCTA would be improved if radiographers were trained to interpret vessel filling and identify pathologies and would enable bespoke scan protocols to minimise the frequency of PMCTA. Evaluation of a PMCT service concluded that PMCT can give a cause of death in more than 90% of cases, exceeding local standards and expectations.This thesis experimentally supports our empirically developed protocols for PMCTA and shows the PMCT service achieves our goals. It also shows that PMCTA adds little to a “balance of probabilities” diagnosis in cases of heavy coronary artery calcification, scored either using software or by visual assessment.
Construction of Fractal Order and Phase Transition with Rydberg Atoms
Creators: name: Myerson-Jain, Nayan E.
name: Yan, Stephen
name: Weld, David
name: Xu, Cenke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the construction of a many-body phase of matter with fractal structure using arrays of Rydberg atoms. The degenerate low energy excited states of this phase form a self-similar fractal structure. This phase is analogous to the so-called "type-II fracton topological states". The main challenge in realizing fracton-like models in standard condensed matter platforms is the creation of multi-spin interactions, since realistic systems are typically dominated by two-body interactions. In this work, we demonstrate that the Van der Waals interaction and experimental tunability of Rydberg-based platforms enable the simulation of exotic phases of matter with fractal structures, and the study of a quantum phase transition involving a fractal ordered phase.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
La formation continue à la technologie et la transformation digitale : Vers une instauration de la culture digitale
Creators: name: NACIRI, Said
name: El ALAOUI, Aicha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Transformation digitale ; Formation continue à la technologie ; Culture digitale ; Compétences numériques ; OCP

description: À l'ère de l'hyper-connectivité, la transformation digitale est devenue impérative pour les entreprises confrontées à une concurrence féroce, nécessitant à la fois des changements technologiques et culturels. Cette étude explore l'impact de la formation continue à la technologie sur la réussite de la transformation digitale et la mise en place d'une culture digitale au sein des organisations.

La problématique centrale de cette recherche réside dans la contribution de la formation continue à la technologie à l'instauration d'une culture digitale favorable à la réussite de la transformation digitale. Pour ce faire, des données ont été collectées au sein du Groupe OCP  (Office Chérifien des Phosphates) dans le cadre d'une approche quantitative.

En conclusion, l'analyse des résultats de notre recherche démontre que la formation continue à la technologie est un pilier essentiel de la transformation digitale, dotant les employés des compétences numériques nécessaires. De plus, elle renforce l'instauration d'une culture digitale, favorisant une attitude positive envers les nouveaux outils et processus numériques.
Learning how to surf: Reconstructing the propagation and origin of gravitational waves with Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Cañas-Herrera, Guadalupe
name: Contigiani, Omar
name: Vardanyan, Valeri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soon, the combination of electromagnetic and gravitational signals will open the door to a new era of gravitational-wave (GW) cosmology. It will allow us to test the propagation of tensor perturbations across cosmic time and study the distribution of their sources over large scales. In this work, we show how machine learning techniques can be used to reconstruct new physics by leveraging the spatial correlation between GW mergers and galaxies. We explore the possibility of jointly reconstructing the modified GW propagation law and the linear bias of GW sources, as well as breaking the slight degeneracy between them by combining multiple techniques. We show predictions roughly based on a network of Einstein Telescopes combined with a high-redshift galaxy survey ($z\lesssim3$). Moreover, we investigate how these results can be re-scaled to other instrumental configurations. In the long run, we find that obtaining accurate and precise luminosity distance measurements (extracted directly from the individual GW signals) will be the most important factor to consider when maximizing constraining power.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, code available at https://github.com/valerivardanyan/GW-Cosmo
ยายับยั้งระบบประสาทซิมพาเทติกในระบบประสาทส่วนกลาง : ผลลดความดันเลือดและอื่นๆ CENTRALLY ACTING SYMPATHOLYTICS: HYPOTENSIVE EFFECT AND BEYOND
Creators: name: สุรศักดิ์ วิชัยโย
Publisher: name: คณะเภสัชศาสตร์/โรงพิมพ์ ม.ศิลปากร
Year: 2014
Subjects: ยายับยั้งระบบประสาทซิมพาเทติกในระบบประสาทส่วนกลาง, a2-adrenergic receptor, I1-imidazoline receptor, rilmenidine, clonidine, a-methyldopa, centrally acting sympatholytics, a2-adrenergic receptor, I1-imidazoline receptor, rilmenidine, clonidine, a-methyldop

description: (June-December 2014), 9, ไทยไภษัชยนิพนธ์ Thai Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Science (TBPS)
Swelling and shrinking kinetics of a lamellar gel phase
Creators: name: Fairhurst, David J
name: Baker, Mark E
name: Shaw, Neil
name: Egelhaaf, Stefan U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the swelling and shrinking of L_beta lamellar gel phases composed of surfactant and fatty alcohol after contact with aqueous poly(ethylene-glycol) solutions. The height change $Δh(t)$ is diffusion-like with a swelling coefficient, S: $Δh = S \sqrt{t}$. On increasing polymer concentration we observe sequentially slower swelling, absence of swelling, and finally shrinking of the lamellar phase. This behavior is summarized in a non-equilibrium diagram and the composition dependence of S quantitatively described by a generic model. We find a diffusion coefficient, the only free parameter, consistent with previous measurements.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures to appear in Applied Physics Letters
Threat Landscape for Smart Grid Systems
Creators: name: Mathas, Christos-Minas
name: Grammatikakis, Konstantinos-Panagiotis
name: Vassilakis, Costas
name: Kolokotronis, Nicholas
name: Bilali, Vasiliki-Georgia
name: Kavallieros, Dimitris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Smart Grids are energy delivery networks, constituting an evolution of power grids, in which a bidirectional flow between power providers and consumers is established. These flows support the transfer of electricity and information, in order to support automation actions in the context of the energy delivery network. Insofar, many smart grid implementations and implementation proposals have emerged, with varying degrees of feature delivery and sophistication. While smart grids offer many advantages, their distributed nature and information flow streams between energy producers and consumers enable the launching of a number of attacks against the smart grid infrastructure, where the related consequences may range from economic loss to complete failure of the smart grid. In this paper, we survey the threat landscape of smart grids, identifying threats that are specific to this infrastructure, providing an assessment of the severity of the consequences of each attack type, discerning features that can be utilized to detect attacks and listing methods that can be used to mitigate them.
Theoretical Analysis of Hanbury Brown and Twiss Interferometry at Soft X-ray Free-Electron Lasers
Creators: name: Vartanyants, Ivan A.
name: Khubbutdinov, Ruslan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we provide theoretical background for the analysis of second-order correlation functions in experiments performed at the soft x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs). Typically, soft x-ray beamlines at XFELs are equipped by the variable line spacing (VLS) monochromators. We perform examination of the beam propagation through such VLS monochromator taking specially into account the interplay between the finite monochromator resolution and the exit slits width. We then provide general analysis of the second-order correlation intensities in spectral and spatial domains. Finally, we connect these functions with the statistical properties of the beam incoming to the monochromator unit in the limit of Gaussian Schell-model pulses.
description: 26 pages, 2 figures, 34 references
Dust in Interstellar Clouds, Evolved Stars and Supernovae
Creators: name: Hartquist, T. W.
name: Van Loo, S.
name: Falle, S. A. E. G.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Ashmore, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Outflows of pre-main-sequence stars drive shocks into molecular material within 0.01 - 1 pc of the young stars. The shock-heated gas emits infrared, millimeter and submillimeter lines of many species including. Dust grains are important charge carriers and play a large role in coupling the magnetic field and flow of neutral gas. Some effects of the dust on the dynamics of oblique shocks began to emerge in the 1990s. However, detailed models of these shocks are required for the calculation of the grain sputtering contribution to gas phase abundances of species producing observed emissions. We are developing such models. Some of the molecular species introduced into the gas phase by sputtering in shocks or by thermally driven desorption in hot cores form on grain surfaces. Recently laboratory studies have begun to contribute to the understanding of surface reactions and thermally driven desorption important for the chemistry of star forming clouds. Dusty plasmas are prevalent in many evolved stars just as well as in star forming regions. Radiation pressure on dust plays a significant role in mass loss from some post-main-sequence stars. The mechanisms leading to the formation of carbonaceous dust in the stellar outflows are similar to those important for soot formation in flames. However, nucleation in oxygen-rich outflows is less well understood and remains a challenging research area. Dust is observed in supernova ejecta that have not passed through the reverse shocks that develop in the interaction of ejecta with ambient media. Dust is detected in high redshift galaxies that are sufficiently young that the only stars that could have produced the dust were so massive that they became supernovae. Consequently, the issue of the survival of dust in strong supernova shocks is of considerable interest.
description: 4 pages, to be published in the proceedings of Fifth International Conference on Physics of Dusty Plasmas
Chiral condensates for neutron stars in hadron-quark crossover: from a parity doublet nucleon model to an NJL quark model
Creators: name: Minamikawa, Takuya
name: Kojo, Toru
name: Harada, Masayasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the chiral condensates in neutron star matter from nuclear to quark matter domain. We describe nuclear matter with a parity doublet model (PDM), quark matter with the Nambu--Jona-Lasino (NJL) model, and a matter at the intermediate density by interpolating nuclear and quark matter equations of state. The model parameters are constrained by nuclear physics and neutron star observations. Various condensates in the interpolated domain are estimated from the chemical potential dependence of the condensates at the boundaries of the interpolation. The use of the PDM with substantial chiral invariant mass ($m_0 \gtrsim 500$ MeV, which is favored by the neutron star observations) predicts the mild chiral restoration, and the significant chiral condensate remains to baryon density $n_B \sim 2-3n_0$ ($n_0\simeq 0.16\,{\rm fm}^{-3}$: nuclear saturation density), smoothly approaching the NJL predictions for the color-flavor-locked phase at $n_B \gtrsim 5n_0$. The same method is applied to estimate diquark condensates, number densities of up-, down- and strange-quarks, and the lepton fraction. In our descriptions the chiral restoration in the interpolated domain proceeds with two conceptually distinct chiral restoration effects; the first is associated with the positive scalar density in a nucleon, relevant in dilute regime, and the other primarily arises from the modification of the quark Dirac sea, which is triggered by the growth of the quark Fermi sea. We discuss several qualitative conjectures to interpolate the microphysics in nuclear and quark matter.
Comment on "Is There a "Most Perfect Fluid" Consistent with Quantum Field Theory?"
Creators: name: Son, D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a comment on hep-th/0702136
description: 1 page, comment on hep-th/0702136
Prescribing Gauss curvature of surfaces in 3-dimensional spacetimes, Application to the Minkowski problem in the Minkowski space
Creators: name: Barbot, Thierry
name: Béguin, François
name: Zeghib, Abdelghani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the existence of surfaces with constant or prescribed Gauss curvature in certain Lorentzian spacetimes. We prove in particular that every (non-elementary) 3-dimensional maximal globally hyperbolic spatially compact spacetime with constant non-negative curvature is foliated by compact spacelike surfaces with constant Gauss curvature. In the constant negative curvature case, such a foliation exists outside the convex core. The existence of these foliations, together with a theorem of C. Gerhardt, yield several corollaries. For example, they allow to solve the Minkowski problem in the 3-dimensional Minkowski space for datas that are invariant under the action of a co-compact Fuchsian group.
Cloud busting: enstatite and quartz clouds in the atmosphere of 2M2224-0158
Creators: name: Burningham, Ben
name: Faherty, Jacqueline K.
name: Gonzales, Eileen C.
name: Marley, Mark S.
name: Visscher, Channon
name: Lupu, Roxana
name: Gaarn, Josefine
name: Bieger, Michelle Fabienne
name: Freedman, Richard
name: Saumon, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the most detailed data-driven exploration of cloud opacity in a substellar object to-date. We have tested over 60 combinations of cloud composition and structure, particle size distribution, scattering model, and gas phase composition assumptions against archival $1-15 {\rm μm}$ spectroscopy for the unusually red L4.5~dwarf 2MASSW~J2224438-015852 using the Brewster retrieval framework. We find that, within our framework, a model that includes enstatite and quartz cloud layers at shallow pressures, combined with a deep iron cloud deck fits the data best. This models assumes a Hansen distribution for particle sizes for each cloud, and Mie scattering. We retrieved particle effective radii of $\log_{10} a {\rm (μm)} = -1.41^{+0.18}_{-0.17}$ for enstatite, $-0.44^{+0.04}_{-0.20}$ for quartz, and $-0.77^{+0.05}_{-0.06}$ for iron. Our inferred cloud column densities suggest ${\rm (Mg/Si)} = 0.69^{+0.06}_{-0.08}$ if there are no other sinks for magnesium or silicon. Models that include forsterite alongside, or in place of, these cloud species are strongly rejected in favour of the above combination. We estimate a radius of $0.75 \pm 0.02$ Rjup, which is considerably smaller than predicted by evolutionary models for a field age object with the luminosity of 2M2224-0158. Models which assume vertically constant gas fractions are consistently preferred over models that assume thermochemical equilibrium. From our retrieved gas fractions we infer ${\rm [M/H]} = +0.38^{+0.07}_{-0.06}$ and ${\rm C/O} = 0.83^{+0.06}_{-0.07}$. Both these values are towards the upper end of the stellar distribution in the Solar neighbourhood, and are mutually consistent in this context. A composition toward the extremes of the local distribution is consistent with this target being an outlier in the ultracool dwarf population.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, MNRAS accepted
Hydrograph separation using natural isotope and conductance methods in the West Kootenay area of British Columbia
Creators: name: Marquis, John Paul
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The storm runoff of small springs and seeps in the West Kootenays was subjected to hydrograph separation using oxygen-18 and conductance methodologies. The results showed that the vast majority of storm discharge was groundwater. Under peak flow conditions, the ratio of prestorm water to storm water was 0.93 for Morley Spring, 0.88 for Anderson Creek, 0.87 for Elliott Creek, 0.84 for Chou Creek and 0.85 for Tank Creek. Further comparison between prestorm discharge and storm water indicated that the groundwater probably originated as spring snow melt. These implications are discussed with regard to the various logging development plans currently being proposed for the study sites.
Magnetic field-induced gapless state in multiband superconductors
Creators: name: Barzykin, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically the properties of s-wave multiband superconductors in the weak coupling (BCS) limit in the presence of pair-breaking effects of magnetic field. It is shown that a qualitatively new gapless superconducting state must appear in quasi-2D superconductors in magnetic fields parallel to the plane, corresponding to a Sarma state induced on one of the Fermi surfaces. The emergence of the new state in s-wave multiband superconductors in the absence of anisotropy or spin-orbit interaction is usually accompanied by a zero-temperature first-order metamagnetic phase transition. For anisotropic or non s-wave multiband superconductors the order of the zero-temperature metamagnetic transition depends on model parameters, and it may take the form of a smooth crossover. The details of the temperature-magnetic field phase diagram for multiband superconductors are investigated analytically at zero temperature and numerically at a finite temperature. It is shown the zero-temperatures first-order phase transition gives rise to a critical region on the B-T phase diagram. We suggest possible experiments to detect the new gapless state.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Enhancement of prompt photons in ultrarelativistic proton-proton collisions from nonlinear gluon evolution at small-$x$
Creators: name: Mariotto, C. Brenner
name: Goncalves, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we estimate the influence of nonlinear gluon evolution in the production of prompt photons at the LHC pp collider. We assume the validity of collinear factorization and consider the EHKQS parton distributions, which are solutions of the GLR-MQ evolution equations and describe quite well the DESY $ep$ HERA data, as input in our calculations. We find that both single and double photon production are enhanced for low-$p_T$ photons and central rapidities, while this effect is absent for the high-$p_T$ photons. The implications of this effect for the Quark-Gluon Plasma searches and for the QCD background to Higgs are also discussed.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Version to be published in Physical Review C
Impact of Point Spread Function Higher Moments Error on Weak Gravitational Lensing
Creators: name: Zhang, Tianqing
name: Mandelbaum, Rachel
name: Collaboration, The LSST Dark Energy Science
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak gravitational lensing is one of the most powerful tools for cosmology, while subject to challenges in quantifying subtle systematic biases. The Point Spread Function (PSF) can cause biases in weak lensing shear inference when the PSF model does not match the true PSF that is convolved with the galaxy light profile. Although the effect of PSF size and shape errors - i.e., errors in second moments - is well studied, weak lensing systematics associated with errors in higher moments of the PSF model require further investigation. The goal of our study is to estimate their potential impact for LSST weak lensing analysis. We go beyond second moments of the PSF by using image simulations to relate multiplicative bias in shear to errors in the higher moments of the PSF model. We find that the current level of errors in higher moments of the PSF model in data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey can induce a $\sim 0.05 $ per cent shear bias, making this effect unimportant for ongoing surveys but relevant at the precision of upcoming surveys such as LSST.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables; Accepted by MNRAS
British Columbia parks and mines in conflict : an evaluation of resolution processes
Creators: name: Marcy, Norman Karl
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate alternative processes for resolving conflicts between mineral development, and park preservation interests in British Columbia. The peculiarities and variation within the generic conflict illustrate the divergence between two main interest groups, and the representative provincial resource agencies. A brief examination of eight cases demonstrates the conflict is manifest with different intensities, over a wide time range, and with geographic variety. By comparing the supposed weakness of the litigation model and the claimed advantages of the bargaining model for processing of conflict to resolution, five criteria for efficiency are developed: time and delay; cost; capacity for technical issues; opportunity for participation; and flexibility of outcomes. Examples of conflict dialogue illustrate cognitive, value, interest and behavioral conflict in the parks / mines situation with the aim that the reader and the researcher can have a communality of experience and tools for understanding in assessing the detailed case evidence. Detailed examination of the Wells Gray Provincial Park case and Chilko Lake Wilderness Park Proposal illustrate strong British Columbia examples of both litigation and bargaining models under the same time and political circumstance. Not all of the allegations of strength or weakness are substantiated in either case. The promise demonstrated in the unstructured version of bargaining found in the Chilko example may be improved through innovation and commitment.
Advanced Metering Infrastructures: Security Risks and Mitigation
Creators: name: Bendiab, Gueltoum
name: Grammatikakis, Konstantinos-Panagiotis
name: Koufos, Ioannis
name: Kolokotronis, Nicholas
name: Shiaeles, Stavros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Energy providers are moving to the smart meter era, encouraging consumers to install, free of charge, these devices in their homes, automating consumption readings submission and making consumers life easier. However, the increased deployment of such smart devices brings a lot of security and privacy risks. In order to overcome such risks, Intrusion Detection Systems are presented as pertinent tools that can provide network-level protection for smart devices deployed in home environments. In this context, this paper is exploring the problems of Advanced Metering Infrastructures (AMI) and proposing a novel Machine Learning (ML) Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) to get optimal decisions based on a variety of factors and graphical security models able to tackle zero-day attacks.