cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Technologies for terahertz frequency sensing
Creators: name: Otter, William James
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Electromagnetic sensors provide information about the environment around us. Historically, THz has been used for astronomy and other scientific insturments. Within this thesis, the aim is to investigate a variety of technologies that have the potential to bring THz technology to a wider market, by creating either low cost devices or technologies that can been monolithically integrated. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to THz and definitive material equations that underpin the simulations undertaken throughout the thesis. This is necessary as THz engineers and scientists come from a broad range of backgrounds where different definitions are deemed standard. Chapter 2 looks at the use of plasmonic devices for THz. Initatilly, the proposed spoof plasmon structure is investigated as a benchmark for simulation comparison and, secondly, the use of semiconductor surfaces is studied to create frequency tuneable sensors with highly confined fields. Chapter 3 moves towards more conventional quasi-optical metal mesh filters for low cost manufacture, comprising a single ultra thin metallic layer on a thick substrate. The chapter concludes with the initial design and simulations of a THz stress sensor based on the metal mesh filter. Chapter 4 looks into the use of photonic crystal technology. Several state-of-the-art devices are demonstrated: resonators, switches and attenuators. These devices have the potential to provide the building blocks for a future monolithically integrated THz architecture.
Ranunculus flammula Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Ranunculus
Ranunculus flammula

description: Ranunculus flammula Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 548. 1753.
"Habitat in Europae pascuis udis." RCN: 4060.
Lectotype (Benson in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 52: 359. 1954): Herb. Linn. No. 715.1 (LINN).
Current name: Ranunculus flammula L. (Ranunculaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R), pp. 785-805 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 786, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Reminiscences of Julian Bond 1990
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Civil rights workers
Legislators
Presidents--Election--1976.--United States
African Americans--Civil rights

description: Mississippi Freedom Summer Project, 1964: Robert Moses' involvement in the Freedom Vote, conflict between Moses and Allard K. Lowenstein over control of the project, involvement of Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee [SNCC], influence of Lowenstein, student recruitment; Lowenstein's break with the SNCC; Lowenstein's support of Edward Kennedy's 1976 presidential campaign
A Tale of Two Anomalies
Creators: name: Davoudiasl, Hooman
name: Marciano, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent improved determination of the fine structure constant, $α= 1/137.035999046(27)$, leads to a $\sim 2.4 σ$ negative discrepancy between the measured electron anomalous magnetic moment and the Standard Model prediction. That situation is to be compared with the muon anomalous magnetic moment where a positive $\sim 3.7 σ$ discrepancy has existed for some time. A single scalar solution to both anomalies is shown to be possible if the two-loop electron Barr-Zee diagrams dominate the scalar one-loop electron anomaly effect and the scalar couplings to the electron and two photons are relatively large. We also briefly discuss the implications of that scenario.
description: Revtex 4, 5 pages, 2 figures. Expanded discussion, formalism, and references; consistent with version accepted for publication
Effects of land use on bee diversity
Creators: name: De Palma, Adriana Fiorita
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Bees are a diverse group of insects specialised to use floral resources throughout their lifecycle, making them one of the most important groups of pollinators. Land-use change and agricultural intensification can reduce the diversity of these species, with potential consequences for plant communities and a number of globally-important crops. Some key knowledge gaps limit our ability to inform conservation activities, however. Which species or groups of species are most vulnerable to human land use and agricultural intensification? Do different aspects of bee community diversity respond similarly to land-use pressures? Are the same patterns repeated around the world? Where has bee diversity been most heavily impacted? I have collated a global dataset of bee diversity from the published literature and integrated it with information on land use, species' traits and phylogeny in order to answer these questions. I have shown that functional traits interact in complex ways with land-use pressures in order to influence the occurrence and abundance of European bees; in spite of these complexities, general lessons can still be learnt about management priorities. I have found that species sensitivities to some---but not all---land-use transitions are phylogenetically non-random, highlighting particularly vulnerable clades. These functional and phylogenetic differences scale up to influence community-level diversity, but there are spatial mismatches: taxonomic diversity responds differently to land-use pressures than do functional and phylogenetic diversity. While the dataset I have collated is the most extensive of its kind, the majority of available, accessible data are from European and North American bumblebees - a bias that has also affected previous similar analyses. I show that these biases can affect predictions of land-use impacts on bee diversity if regional differences in diversity, biotic sensitivity and threat intensity are not considered, highlighting the importance of primary data collection in undersampled regions, which are highly economically vulnerable to pollination deficits.
A Zero-Inflated Logistic Normal Multinomial Model for Extracting Microbial Compositions
Creators: name: Zeng, Yanyan
name: Pang, Daolin
name: Zhao, Hongyu
name: Wang, Tao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: High throughput sequencing data collected to study the microbiome provide information in the form of relative abundances and should be treated as compositions. Although many approaches including scaling and rarefaction have been proposed for converting raw count data into microbial compositions, most of these methods simply return zero values for zero counts. However, zeros can distort downstream analyses, and they can also pose problems for composition-aware methods. This problem is exacerbated with microbiome abundance data because they are sparse with excessive zeros. In addition to data sparsity, microbial composition estimation depends on other data characteristics such as high dimensionality, over-dispersion, and complex co-occurrence relationships. To address these challenges, we introduce a zero-inflated probabilistic PCA (ZIPPCA) model that accounts for the compositional nature of microbiome data, and propose an empirical Bayes approach to estimate microbial compositions. An efficient iterative algorithm, called classification variational approximation, is developed for carrying out maximum likelihood estimation. Moreover, we study the consistency and asymptotic normality of variational approximation estimator from the perspective of profile M-estimation. Extensive simulations and an application to a dataset from the Human Microbiome Project are presented to compare the performance of the proposed method with that of the existing methods. The method is implemented in R and available at https://github.com/YanyZeng/ZIPPCAlnm. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Ranunculus glacialis Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Ranunculus
Ranunculus glacialis

description: Ranunculus glacialis, spec. nov.
 20. Ranunculus calycibus hirsutis, caule bifloro, foliis multifidis. Fl. suec. 464.
 Ranunculus caule bifloro, calyce hirsuto. Fl. lapp. 233. t.3. f.1.
 Ranunculus montanus purpureus, calyce villoso. Bauh. hist. 3. p.868. Scheuch. alp. 339. t.20. f.1.
 Habitat in Alpibus Lapponiae , Helvetiae . ♃
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 553, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Additional file 1 of Prevalence and associated factors of Treponema pallidum infection in a rural area of southwestern China
Creators: name: Shi, Ying
name: Yang, Ya
name: Wang, Yingjian
name: Yang, Dongjian
name: Yang, Yu
name: Dong, Shurong
name: Li, Chunlin
name: Chen, Yue
name: Jiang, Qingwu
name: Zhou, Yibiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. The questionnaire on behaviors related to infectious diseases among people in Liangshan, A structured questionnaire in English.
Ranunculus glacialis Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Ranunculus
Ranunculus glacialis

description: Ranunculus glacialis Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 553. 1753.
"Habitat in Alpibus Lapponiae, Helvetiae." RCN: 4081.
Lectotype (Benson in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 52: 364. 1954): Herb. Linn. No. 715.37 (LINN).
Current name: Ranunculus glacialis L. (Ranunculaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R), pp. 785-805 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 786, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
KERFIX
Creators: name: JEANDEL Catherine
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 1990

description: Entre janvier 1990 et mars 1995, le programme de recherche KERFIX a proposé le premier suivi régulier pluriannuel non-côtier de mesures de paramètres liés au cycle du carbone dans l'Océan Austral, à une station fixe située dans le quart sud-ouest de Kerguelen (50° 40S -68°25 E). Les objectifs de ce programme sont: de comprendre les processus qui gouvernent les échanges d'oxygène et de gaz carbonique entre l'océan et l'atmosphère ; D'observer et d'interpréter les variations saisonnières et inter annuelles de la production et de la décomposition ; Du flux de carbone et d'éléments associés à ce site. De plus, une étude micro paléontologique procure une documentation actuelle et passée de la dynamique du flux de matière à cette station, ce qui permettra d'affiner notre connaissance de certains proxis océanographiques.
Hybrid atom-molecule quantum walks in one-dimensional optical lattice
Creators: name: Lin, Ling
name: Ke, Yongguan
name: He, Chunshan
name: Lee, Chaohong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study hybrid atom-molecule quantum walks in one-dimensional optical lattices with two interacting bosonic atoms which may be converted into a molecule. The hybrid atom-molecule energy bands include a continuum band and two isolated bands, which respectively correspond to scattering states and dressed bound states (DBS's). Because of the atom-molecule coupling, the DBS's may appear even in the absence of atom-atom interaction. From an initial state of two atoms occupying the same site, in addition to independent quantum walks which correspond to scattering states, correlated quantum walks appear as a signature of DBS's. Even if the atom-atom interaction and the atom-molecule coupling are much stronger than the tunneling strengths, independent quantum walks may still appear under certain resonant conditions. The correlated quantum walks show two light-cones with different propagation velocities, which can be analytically explained by the effective tunneling strengths of the two different DBS's. Furthermore, the effective nearest-neighbor tunneling of DBS's can be suppressed to zero, which can be explained by the destructive interference between the atomic pair and the molecule.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Reconstructing the Inflationary Landscape with Cosmological Data
Creators: name: Chen, Xingang
name: Palma, Gonzalo A.
name: Hitschfeld, Bruno Scheihing
name: Sypsas, Spyros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the shape of the inflationary landscape potential may be constrained by analyzing cosmological data. The quantum fluctuations of fields orthogonal to the inflationary trajectory may have probed the structure of the local landscape potential, inducing non-Gaussianity (NG) in the primordial distribution of the curvature perturbations responsible for the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies and our Universe's large-scale structure. The resulting type of NG (tomographic NG) is determined by the shape of the landscape potential, and it cannot be fully characterized by 3- or 4-point correlation functions. Here we deduce an expression for the profile of this probability distribution function in terms of the landscape potential, and we show how this can be inverted in order to reconstruct the potential with the help of CMB observations. While current observations do not allow us to infer a significant level of tomographic NG, future surveys may improve the possibility of constraining this class of primordial signatures.
description: v1: 6 pages, 3 figures; v2: references and clarifications added, published in Physical Review Letters
Group A streptococcal necrotising fasciitis and its association with blunt trauma
Creators: name: Lamb, Lucy Elizabeth Moffatt
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Necrotising fasciitis (NF) due to invasive Group A streptococcus (iGAS) is frequently associated with emm1 isolates, with an attendant mortality of approximately 40%. Cases occur in previously healthy individuals with a history of upper respiratory tract infection, soft tissue contusion and no obvious portal of entry. Using a new model of mild contusion injury, we set out to determine the impact of contusion on iGAS bacterial burden, phenotype and host cytokine response. Firstly invasive bioluminescent GAS strains were developed using a replicative plasmid pTHLK but these were unstable in vivo. A stably bioluminescent M89 iGAS strain was developed using a plasmid pICL18Lux and characterised in vitro and in vivo models of invasive infection. Bioluminescence measured in vivo correlated with bacterial quantity but practical application to produce a lower respiratory tract infection or prolonged soft tissue infection was limited by detection of light production during infection. The new isolate was attenuated in growth and virulence and it could not be used to study the interaction of contusion and virulence. A new model of soft tissue contusion was developed that resulted in local soft tissue neutrophilic inflammation, no bony injury, systemic cytokine production or weight loss. The model of mild contusion was used to determine the impact of trauma on emm1 iGAS. Surprisingly, mild contusion did not provide a focus for initiation or seeding of bacteraemic GAS infection, but instead provided an environment that enhanced GAS dissemination to local lymph nodes. Dissemination was linked to a phenotypic change with the emergence of mucoid GAS colonies in lymphoid tissue, bloodstream and spleen. The mucoid GAS colonies in the lymph node demonstrated a significant increase in production of capsular hyaluronan and were not associated with covRS mutations. Whole genome sequencing was applied to understand the genetic change responsible, a selection of mutations occurring in the spleen and lymph node were discovered. The exact role of some of the mutations in the pathogenesis of dissemination of GAS and the influence of trauma is not entirely known and the subject of on-going investigation.
Area Law Unification and the Holographic Event Horizon
Creators: name: Nomura, Yasunori
name: Remmen, Grant N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove a new, large family of area laws in general relativity, which apply to certain classes of untrapped surfaces that we dub generalized holographic screens. Our family of area laws contains, as special cases, the area laws for marginally-trapped surfaces (holographic screens) and the event horizon (Hawking's area theorem). In addition to these results in general relativity, we show that in the context of holography the geometry of a generalized holographic screen is related to the outer entropy of the screen. Specifically, we show for spherically-symmetric spacetimes that the area of the largest HRT surface consistent with the outer wedge can be computed in terms of the geometry of the general (not necessarily marginally-trapped) codimension-two surface defining the wedge. This outer entropy satisfies a second law of thermodynamics, growing monotonically along the generalized holographic screen. In particular, this result provides the holographic dual for the geometry of the event horizon for spherically-symmetric spacetimes.
description: 41 pages, 8 figures
MOOSE (ANTARES)
Creators: name: LEFEVRE Dominique
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 2010

description: Le climat du bassin Méditerranéen change rapidement évoluant vers un sytème plus sec et caractérisé par plus de précipitations extrêmes. Le fonctionnement physique de la Méditerranée, et en particulier le processus de convection profonde, risque ainsi d'être fortement impacté dans le futur (Somot, 2006), avec des conséquences directes pour la ventilation des eaux profondes, des écosystèmes pélagiques et le cycle du carbone (Herrmann, 2018). A noter que la Mer Méditerranée répond bien plus rapidement et intensément à ces changements, que l'océan global (Cacho et al 2002), notamment à cause du renouvellement sur quelques décennies seulement de ses masses d'eau profondes.Une augmentation de température des eaux profondes de l'ordre de 0.3$^\circ$C a déjà été observée depuis les années 1950 (Bethoux, 1990 ; Krahmann, 1998}, et des projections à l'horizon 2100 prédisent une augmentation des températures de surface de 2 à 3 (Adloff, 2015}, ce qui pourrait notamment perturber les cycles de reproduction de nombreuses espèces marines (Lejeusne2010). Objectifs :Le défi est de correctement échantillonner 1) le courant nord, s'écoulant le long du talus continental, 2) les échanges côte/large, y compris les épisodes de cascading, et 3) la formation d'eaux profondes / intermédiaires au large et la ventilation des eaux de fond. Ceci est nécessaire pour suivre l'évolution de la circulation thermohaline, les bilans de chaleur ainsi que des estimations de stocks pour les paramètres biogéochimiques.  L'approche choisie se veut être multi-échelles et prendre en compte les circulations des trois masses d'eau (de surface, intermédiaire et profonde) de ce bassin.L'objectif est donc e maintenir un réseau de stations fixes (lignes instrumentées, bouées de surface, radars, sémaphores), de plateformes mobiles autonomes (gliders), et sur les mesures et la collecte d'échantillons réalisés à partir de navires de la flotte océanographique française (Fig. 2).L'objectif ici est d'observer 1) les variations des rapports des éléments biogènes (C:N:Si:P) dans les divers réservoirs, dissous et particulaires, vivants et détritiques, et d'estimer leurs impacts sur la production biologique, 2) l'évolution du carbone anthropique et du pH dans le contexte de l'augmentation du CO2 atmosphérique. L'impact des processus physiques sur la dynamique du bloom, via les phénomènes de couplage physique-biogéochimique dans la couche de mélange, est aussi un processus essentiel où les observations intégrées peuvent apporter des éléments de réponse.
Numerical simulations of protostellar encounters II. Coplanar disc-disc encounters
Creators: name: Watkins, S. J.
name: Bhattal, A. S.
name: Boffin, H. M. J.
name: Francis, N.
name: Whitworth, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is expected that an average protostar will undergo at least one impulsive interaction with a neighbouring protostar whilst a large fraction of its mass is still in a massive, extended disc. Such interactions must have a significant impact upon the evolution of the protostars and their discs. We have carried out a series of simulations of coplanar encounters between two stars, each possessing a massive circumstellar disc, using an SPH code that models gravitational, hydrodynamic and viscous forces. We find that during a coplanar encounter, disc material is swept up into a shock layer between the two interacting stars, and the layer then fragments to produce new protostellar condensations. The truncated remains of the discs may subsequently fragment; and the outer regions of the discs may be thrown off to form circumbinary disc-like structures around the stars. Thus coplanar disc-disc encounters lead efficiently to the formation of multiple star systems and small-N clusters.
description: 10 pages, submitted to MNRAS; low resolution figures only
Ranunculus gramineus Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Ranunculus
Ranunculus gramineus

description: Ranunculus gramineus, spec. nov.
 5. Ranunculus foliis lanceolato-linearibus sessilibus, caule erecto, radice bulbosa. Hort. cliff. 288. Roy. lugdb. 489. Dalib. paris. 163. Sauv. monsp.75.
 Ranunculus, gramineo folio, bulbosus. Bauh. pin. 180.
 Ranunculus pumilus, gramineis foliis. Bauh. hist. 3. p. 866.
 Hydropiper lanceolatum. Dalech. hist. 1038.
 Habitat in Pyrenaeis & Galliae pratis aridis. ♃
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 549, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Further application of a semi-microscopic core-particle coupling method to the properties of Gd155,157, and Dy159
Creators: name: Protopapas, Pavlos
name: Klein, Abraham
name: Walet, Niels R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper a semi-microscopic core-particle coupling method that includes the conventional strong coupling core-particle model as a limiting case, was applied to spectra and electromagnetic properties of several well-deformed odd nuclei. This work, coupled a large single-particle space to the ground state bands of the neighboring even cores. In this paper, we generalize the theory to include excited bands of the cores, such as beta and gamma bands, and thereby show that the resulting theory can account for the location and structure of all bands up to about 1.5 MeV.
description: 15 pages including 9 figure(postscript), submitted to Phys.Rev.C
Ranunculus gramineus Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Ranunculus
Ranunculus gramineus

description: Ranunculus gramineus Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 549. 1753.
"Habitat in Pyrenaeis & Galliae pratis aridis." RCN: 4064.
Lectotype (Baldini in Jarvis & al. in Taxon 54: 470. 2005): Herb. Clifford: 288, Ranunculus 1 (BM-000628877).
Current name: Ranunculus gramineus L. (Ranunculaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R), pp. 785-805 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 786, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
A Zero-inflated Logistic Normal Multinomial Model for Extracting Microbial Compositions
Creators: name: Zeng, Yanyan
name: Pang, Daolin
name: Zhao, Hongyu
name: Wang, Tao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: High throughput sequencing data collected to study the microbiome provide information in the form of relative abundances and should be treated as compositions. Although many approaches including scaling and rarefaction have been proposed for converting raw count data into microbial compositions, most of these methods simply return zero values for zero counts. However, zeros can distort downstream analyses, and they can also pose problems for composition-aware methods. This problem is exacerbated with microbiome abundance data because they are sparse with excessive zeros. In addition to data sparsity, microbial composition estimation depends on other data characteristics such as high dimensionality, over-dispersion, and complex co-occurrence relationships. To address these challenges, we introduce a zero-inflated probabilistic PCA (ZIPPCA) model that accounts for the compositional nature of microbiome data, and propose an empirical Bayes approach to estimate microbial compositions. An efficient iterative algorithm, called classification variational approximation, is developed for carrying out maximum likelihood estimation. Moreover, we study the consistency and asymptotic normality of variational approximation estimator from the perspective of profile M-estimation. Extensive simulations and an application to a data set from the Human Microbiome Project are presented to compare the performance of the proposed method with that of the existing methods. The method is implemented in R and available at https://github.com/YanyZeng/ZIPPCAlnm.
Effects of a string cloud on the criticality and efficiency of AdS black holes as heat engines
Creators: name: Graça, J. P. Morais
name: Lobo, Iarley P.
name: Bezerra, Valdir B.
name: Moradpour, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the black hole thermodynamics in the presence of a string cloud matter distribution, considering a work term due to a variable cosmological "constant" in arbitrary dimensions. Then, we explore the criticality of the system and the behavior of the black hole as a heat engine in the context of general relativity and metric f(R) gravity.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures. Matches published version
Identifying mis-assembled bacterial genomes using GC Skew
Creators: name: Lu, Jennifer
name: Salzberg, Steven L.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: GC Skew is the phenomena demonstrated by bacterial genomes, where the two halves of the same chromosome contain different proportions of the G and C nucleotide bases. While this phenomena was discovered and defined in the early 1990s1, GC skew today provides a key to the analysis of the 14,000+ complete bacterial genomes in NCBI’s Refseq library.
In order to analyze all 14,000+ genomes, we introduce a single metric representing the degree of GC Skewness for each genome. With this metric, we demonstrate how GC skew patterns are conserved within certain bacterial phyla, e.g. Firmicutes, but also divergent in other phyla, e.g. Actinobacteria. However, we also discover that bacterial genomes with outlier GC Skewness highlights potential bacterial mis-assemblies. Using our newly defined metric, we identify multiple mis-assembled chromosomal sequences in NCBI’s Refseq library of “complete” bacterial genomes.
title: ADCO, Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503) (11 H 1173), f. 00359
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1173). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1173), f. 00359, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Gamma-Ray Astrophysics
Creators: name: De Angelis, Alessandro
name: Mallamaci, Manuela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-energy photons are a powerful probe for astrophysics and for fundamental physics in extreme conditions. During the recent years, our knowledge of the most violent phenomena in the Universe has impressively progressed thanks to the advent of new detectors for gamma rays, both at ground and on satellites. This article reviews the present status of high-energy gamma-ray astrophysics, with emphasis on the recent results and a look to the future.
description: Accepted for publication on EPJ plus
Numerical simulations of protostellar encounters III. Non-coplanar disc-disc encounters
Creators: name: Watkins, S. J.
name: Bhattal, A. S.
name: Boffin, H. M. J.
name: Francis, N.
name: Whitworth, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is expected that an average protostar will undergo at least one impulsive interaction with a neighbouring protostar whilst a large fraction of its mass is still in a massive, extended disc. If protostars are formed individually within a cluster before falling together and interacting, there should be no preferred orientation for such interactions. As star formation within clusters is believed to be coeval, it is probable that during interactions, both protostars possess massive, extended discs. We have used an SPH code to carry out a series of simulations of non-colpanar disc-disc interactions. We find that non-coplanar interactions trigger gravitational instabilities in the discs, which may then fragment to form new companions to the existing stars. (This is different from coplanar interactions, in which most of the new companion stars form after material in the discs has been swept up into a shock layer, and this then fragments.) The original stars may also capture each other, leading to the formation of a small-N cluster. If every star undergoes a randomly oriented disc-disc interaction, then the outcome will be the birth of many new stars. Approximately two-thirds of the stars will end up in multiple systems.
description: 12 pages, submitted to MNRAS; low resolution figures only
The date and the function of the northern annex of Vefa Kilise Camii at Istanbul
Creators: name: Varsallona, Jessica
Publisher: name: Bisanzio e l'Occidente
Year: 2018

description: La moschea di Vefa Kilise di Istanbul è un edificio di epoca bizantina, principalmente composto da un nucleo, il naos, di epoca comnena e da una serie di edifici - un campanile, un esonartece e un perduto parekklesion - aggiunti in epoca paleologa. Tra le due fasi è possibile collocare la costruzione dell’annesso nord, la cui originale funzione non è stata ancora chiarita. Il presente articolo, tramite il confronto con soluzioni simili, sia di epoca comnena sia paleologa, costantinopolitane o strettamente collegate agli sviluppi architettonici della capitale, prova a ipotizzare una o più destinazioni di uso per l’annesso in questione e rispettivamente quelle di cappella funeraria, sacristia-biblioteca e unità abitativa.
description: Bisanzio e l'Occidente, V. 1 (2018)
Ranunculus grandiflorus Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Ranunculus
Ranunculus grandiflorus

description: Ranunculus grandiflorus, spec. nov.
 34. Ranunculus caule erecto bifolio, foliis multifidis; caulinis alternis sessilibus. Roy. lugdb. 492.
 Ranunculus orientalis, aconiti folio, flore maximo. Tournef. cor.22.
 Habitat in Oriente . ♃
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 555, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Direct Neutron Capture for Magic-Shell Nuclei
Creators: name: Krausmann, E.
name: Balogh, W.
name: Oberhummer, H.
name: Rauscher, T.
name: Kratz, K. -L.
name: Ziegert, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In neutron capture for magic--shell nuclei the direct reaction mechanism can be important and may even dominate. As an example we investigated the reaction $^{48}$Ca(n,$γ)^{49}$Ca for projectile energies below 250\,keV in a direct capture model using the folding procedure for optical and bound state potentials. The obtained theoretical cross sections are in agreement with the experimental data showing the dominance of the direct reaction mechanism in this case. The above method was also used to calculate the cross section for $^{50}$Ca(n,$γ)^{51}$Ca.
description: REVTeX, 7 pages plus 3 uuencoded figures, the complete uuencoded postscript file is available at ftp://is1.kph.tuwien.ac.at/pub/ohu/calcium.uu
Constraining gluon distributions in nuclei using dijets in proton-proton and proton-lead collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_\mathrm{NN}}} =$ 5.02 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pseudorapidity distributions of dijets as a function of their average transverse momentum ($p_\mathrm{T}^\text{ave}$) are measured in proton-lead (pPb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions. The data samples were collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. A significant modification of the pPb spectra with respect to the pp spectra is observed in all $p_\mathrm{T}^\text{ave}$ intervals investigated. The ratios of the pPb and pp distributions are compared to next-to-leading order perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculations with unbound nucleon and nuclear parton distribution functions (PDFs). These results give the first evidence that the gluon PDF at large Bjorken $x$ in lead ions is strongly suppressed with respect to the PDF in unbound nucleons.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-16-003 (CMS Public Pages)
RPA Description of the Electric Polarizability of the Nucleon
Creators: name: Geiss, J.
name: Hardt, S.
name: Lenske, H.
name: Mosel, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excited states of the nucleon are described as RPA configurations on a mean--field ground state taken from the MIT bag model. A residual interaction of a structure as in the Nambu--Jona--Lasinio model is used. The particle-hole states are coupled to good total angular momentum and isospin. Valence excitations of particle-hole type and quark--antiquark ($q\overline{q}$) states from the Dirac--sea are included. The dependence of the baryon spectrum and multipole response functions on the coupling constant $G$ is studied. At critical values of $G$ the 3q--ground state becomes degenerate with strongly collective $q\overline{q}$ modes. The model is used to calculate the electric polarizability of the neutron $α_N$. Without residual interaction $α_N=7\cdot 10^{-4}fm^3$ is found. With residual interaction the value increases to $α_N=(7-11)\cdot 10^{-4}fm^3$. The measured value of $α_N$ is reproduced within experimental error bars.
description: LaTeX, 19 pages, 2 figures
Reminiscences of Julian C. Smith 1968
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Veterans
World War, 1939-1945--Naval operations, American
Amphibious warfare

description: Education, commissioned 1909, pre-World War I Marine Corps: expeditionary duty Haiti, Santo Domingo; match shooting; Director of Personnel; genesis of Fleet Marine Force; military observer, London 1941, British amphibious operations; World War II: Tarawa and Peleliu.
Machine learning materials physics: Surrogate optimization and multi-fidelity algorithms predict precipitate morphology in an alternative to phase field dynamics
Creators: name: Teichert, Gregory
name: Garikipati, Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning has been effective at detecting patterns and predicting the response of systems that behave free of natural laws. Examples include learning crowd dynamics, recommender systems and autonomous mobility. There also have been applications to the search for new materials that bear relations to big data classification problems. However, when it comes to physical systems governed by conservation laws, the role of machine learning has been more limited. Here, we present our recent work in exploring the role of machine learning methods in discovering, or aiding, the search for physics. Specifically, we focus on using machine learning algorithms to represent high-dimensional free energy surfaces with the goal of identifying precipitate morphologies in alloy systems. Traditionally, this problem has been approached by combining phase field models, which impose first-order dynamics, with elasticity, to traverse a free energy landscape in search of minima. Equilibrium precipitate morphologies occur at these minima. Here, we exploit the machine learning methods to represent high-dimensional data, combined with surrogate optimization, sensitivity analysis and multifidelity modelling as an alternate framework to explore phenomena controlled by energy extremization. This combination of data-driven methods offers an alternative to the imposition of first-order dynamics via phase field methods, and represents one approach to machine learning materials physics.
Reminiscences of Julius Emspak, 1959
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Labor unions--United States
Labor unions and communism
World War, 1939-1945
Labor unions--Officials and employees

description: Comments on labor unionism; early life; development of United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers from 1936; Radio Corporation of America strike, relations with Congress of Industrial Organizations and Association of Catholic Trade Unionists; labor and government during World War II; Communism and labor movement; labor during the cold war
On the polymer quantization of connection theories: graph coherent states
Creators: name: Assanioussi, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the construction of a new family of coherent states for quantum theories of connections obtained following the polymer quantization. The realization of these coherent states is based on the notion of graph change, in particular the one induced by the quantum dynamics in Yang-Mills and gravity quantum theories. Using a Fock-like canonical structure that we introduce, we derive the new coherent states that we call the graph coherent states. These states take the form of an infinite superposition of basis network states with different graphs. We further discuss the properties of such states and certain extensions of the proposed construction.
description: 16 pages, revised version with typos in some equations corrected
Ranunculus grandiflorus Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Ranunculus
Ranunculus grandiflorus

description: Ranunculus grandiflorus Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 555. 1753.
"Habitat in Oriente." RCN: 4097.
Neotype (Davis, Fl. Turkey 1: 168. 1965): Herb. Tournefort, " Ranunculus cappadocicus aconitifolio flore luteo maximo" (P-TOURN).
Current name: Ranunculus grandiflorus L. (Ranunculaceae).
Note: Davis (in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 113. 1960) discussed the absence of material and treated the name as a nomen ambiguum but later (1965) used the name, treating a Tournefort collection at P as the type. In this, he was followed by Jelenevsky & Derviz-Sokolova (in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 16: 117. 1979) and others. As there are no original elements for the name, this is accepted as a formal neotypification (for Linnaeus did not make a study of Tournefort’s herbarium).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R), pp. 785-805 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 786, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Phase Unwrapping and One-Dimensional Sign Problems
Creators: name: Detmold, William
name: Kanwar, Gurtej
name: Wagman, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sign problems in path integrals arise when different field configurations contribute with different signs or phases. Phase unwrapping describes a family of signal processing techniques in which phase differences between elements of a time series are integrated to construct non-compact unwrapped phase differences. By combining phase unwrapping with a cumulant expansion, path integrals with sign problems arising from phase fluctuations can be systematically approximated as linear combinations of path integrals without sign problems. This work explores phase unwrapping in zero-plus-one-dimensional complex scalar field theory. Results with improved signal-to-noise ratios for the spectrum of scalar field theory can be obtained from unwrapped phases, but the size of cumulant expansion truncation errors is found to be undesirably sensitive to the parameters of the phase unwrapping algorithm employed. It is argued that this numerical sensitivity arises from discretization artifacts that become large when phases fluctuate close to singularities of a complex logarithm in the definition of the unwrapped phase.
description: 42 pages, 16 figures. Journal version
Estimation and Tracking of AP-diameter of the Inferior Vena Cava in Ultrasound Images Using a Novel Active Circle Algorithm
Creators: name: Karami, Ebrahim
name: Shehata, Mohamed
name: Smith, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Medical research suggests that the anterior-posterior (AP)-diameter of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and its associated temporal variation as imaged by bedside ultrasound is useful in guiding fluid resuscitation of the critically-ill patient. Unfortunately, indistinct edges and gaps in vessel walls are frequently present which impede accurate estimation of the IVC AP-diameter for both human operators and segmentation algorithms. The majority of research involving use of the IVC to guide fluid resuscitation involves manual measurement of the maximum and minimum AP-diameter as it varies over time. This effort proposes using a time-varying circle fitted inside the typically ellipsoid IVC as an efficient, consistent and novel approach to tracking and approximating the AP-diameter even in the context of poor image quality. In this active-circle algorithm, a novel evolution functional is proposed and shown to be a useful tool for ultrasound image processing. The proposed algorithm is compared with an expert manual measurement, and state-of-the-art relevant algorithms. It is shown that the algorithm outperforms other techniques and performs very close to manual measurement.
description: Published in Computers in Biology and Medicine
MOOSE-GE
Creators: name: TESTOR Pierre
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 2010

description: Les campagnes annuelles MOOSE-GE, initiées en 2010, s'inscrivent dans le contexte du réseau d'observation à long-terme de la Méditerranée, MOOSE, réseau labellisé SOERE Allenvi et SNO par l'INSU en 2016 et 2019. Ce réseau d'observation a pour objectif de suivre l'évolution sur le long terme de la Méditerranée nord occidentale dans le contexte du changement climatique et de pression anthropique, afin de pouvoir détecter et identifier la tendance des anomalies environnementales de cet écosystème marin. MOOSE vise ainsi à maintenir un réseau d'observation intégré et multidisciplinaire en Mer Méditerranée en accord avec les infrastructures marines ILICO, EURO-ARGO et EMSO et les réseaux globaux OceanSites et OceanGliders dans lesquels MOOSE est impliqué. Les objectifs de ces campagnes réalisées en 2010, 2011 et 2013 sur le Tethys II (INSU), en 2012, 2014, 2015 sur le Suroît puis en 2016, 2017 et 2018 sur l'Atalante, et en 2019 et 2021 sur Thalassa sont : la maintenance annuelle des 4 mouillages LION, DYFAMED au leg 1 puis Planier et Lacaze-Duthiers au leg 2 (mesures automatiques, pièges à particules). cartographier et suivre l'évolution des propriétés des masses d'eau, du contenu biogéochimique et des communautés zooplanctoniques. la formation pour les étudiants Master M2 Sorbonne Université (OACOS, OEM) et ENSTA. le déploiement et la collecte de flotteurs profileurs Argo