cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The Moray Firth directed squid fishery
Creators: name: Pierce, G.J.
name: Young, I.A.G.
name: Stowasser, G.
name: Smith, J.M.
name: Wang, J.
name: Boyle, P.R.
name: Shaw, P.W.
name: Theodossiou, I.
name: Bailey, N.
name: Collins, M.A.
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - CC - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.In 2003, the usually small directed fishery for squid Loligo forbesi off the northeast coast of Scotland in summer generated unusually high catches and ultimately involved over 65 boats. The present paper reviews the history of this fishery, which targets small squid close inshore, and examines trends over the last 35 years.
Representation of light pressure resultant force and moment as a tensor series
Creators: name: Nerovny, Nikolay
name: Zimin, Vladimir
name: Fedorchuk, Sergey
name: Golubev, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we address a problem of determination of light pressure upon space structures of the complex geometric shape. For the surface element, we wrote a condition that this element can interact with light only from the front side, not from the back side. This condition To in the form of series of Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind. Chebyshev expansion lets us move to the series of tensors of increasing rank for the problem of determination of force and moment. We obtained expressions for the fiber method for determination of light pressure on space structures of complex geometry taking into account self--shadowing and reflections within the structure. We also give the expressions for tensor parametrization by the specularity coefficient in case of specular-diffuse reflection. For these expressions we calculated the principal moment and force upon two-sided flat solar sail, spherical and cylindrical bodies, and approximated light pressure upon a perspective space observatory Millimetron. The proposed expressions can be used in the ballistic analysis of solar sails and other space objects, which are significantly affected by the radiation pressure. Also, these results can be used to analyze the dynamics of movement of large-scale space structures around the center of gravity under the light pressure.
description: 36 pages, 17 figures
Effect of oral calcium bolus supplementation on rumination and activity patterns in early lactation dairy cows
Creators: name: Jimenez, M. B.
name: McDougald, K. A.
name: Grau, K. H. A.
name: Galvao, K. N.
name: Chebel, R. C.
name: Santos, J. E. P.
name: Risco, C. A.
name: Maunsell, F. P.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2017

description: Subclinical hypocalcemia occurs frequently in multiparous dairy cattle during early lactation. Calcium supplements are widely used in an attempt to mitigate the substantial negative effects of subclinical hypocalcemia on health and production. Cows with subclinical hypocalcemia spend less time ruminating than normocalcemic cows. The objective of this study was to determine whether oral supplementation of calcium at calving and 12 h after calving was associated with changes in rumination or activity patterns in multiparous Holstein cows. Our hypothesis was that cows supplemented with oral calcium at calving would spend more time ruminating and have altered activity compared with unsupplemented cows during early lactation.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2017
Association of immediate postpartum calcium concentration with clinical diseases, culling, reproduction and milk production in Holstein cows
Creators: name: Neves, R. C.
name: Leno, B. M.
name: Curler, M. D.
name: Thomas, M. J.
name: Overton, T. R.
name: McArt, J. A. A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2017

description: The objectives of our study were to determine the association of plasma Ca concentration collected within 12 h of parturition with: 1) the risk of clinical diseases (retained placenta [RP], metritis, displaced abomasum [DA], and clinical mastitis) in the first 60 d in milk (DIM), 2) the risk of culling in the first 60 DIM, 3) the risk of pregnancy to first service, and 4) milk production.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2017
Rapid typing of Mannheimia haemolytica major genotypes 1 and 2 using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Loy, J. D.
name: Clawson, M. L.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2017

description: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the most costly diseases to cattle production throughout the globe, and losses in the US are estimated at one billion dollars annually. Mannheimia haemolytica is the most commonly detected bacterial agent associated with BRD. Recently, whole genome sequencing was employed on 1,133 M. haemolytica isolates from North American cattle and a nucleotide polymorphism typing system was developed. Two major genotypes were discovered (1 and 2). Genotype 1 M. haemolytica were mostly isolated from the nasopharynx of cattle without BRD. In contrast, genotype 2 M. haemolytica predominantly associated with the lungs of cattle with BRD and integrative conjugative elements that contained antimicrobial resistance determinants. The objective of this study was to develop a rapid matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization- time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) assay for the detection of M. haemolytica genotypes 1 and 2. MALDI-TOF MS is an emerging technology in diagnostic microbiology and is most frequently used for bacterial identification.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2017
Prevalence of multi drug antimicrobial resistance in Mannheimia haemolytico isolated from high-risk Stocker cattle at arrival and two weeks after processing
Creators: name: Snyder, E.
name: Credille, B.
name: Berghaus, R.
name: Giguere, S.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2017

description: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in North American beef cattle. Mannheimia haemolytica (Mh) is the bacterial pathogen most frequently isolated from cattle with BRD and the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in this pathogen has been increasing. Administration of antimicrobials to prevent BRD is commonplace in stocker cattle. Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of Mh isolated from the nasopharynx of high-risk stocker cattle at arrival and at resampling 10 to 14 days later, and second, to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistant Mh at these same time points.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2017
Antimicrobial susceptibility in Mannheimia haemolytica isolated from high-risk Stocker cattle after metaphylaxis and treatment
Creators: name: Woolums, A.
name: Karisch, B.
name: Smith, D. R.
name: Blanton, J.
name: Austin, F.
name: Frye, J.
name: Hiott, L.
name: McClelland, M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2017

description: Metaphylaxis (mass antimicrobial treatment) is commonly administered to high-risk cattle to limit bovine respiratory disease (BRD). While metaphylaxis decreases BRD morbidity and mortality, some cattle still require subsequent BRD treatments. Moreover, widespread application of anti-microbial drugs with extended duration of therapeutic concentrations in lung could increase antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria that cause BRD. Reports indicate increasing prevalence of AMR in Mannheimia haemolytica, the leading bacterial contributor to BRD in feedlot and Stocker cattle. The role that metaphylaxis has contributed to the recognized increase in AMR prevalence in M. haemolytica has not been well described. The impact of AMR on health outcomes in cattle managed to treat and control BRD is also not clear. The objective of this research was to describe the prevalence of AMR M. haemolytica in auction market-derived Stocker cattle that received a long acting macrolide for metaphylaxis, followed by treatment as necessary for BRD with other antimicrobials, over the first 21 days after receiving
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2017
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode resistance to avermectin anthelmintics on beef cattle operations in Georgia
Creators: name: Paras, Kelsey
name: Georgia, Melissa
name: Howell, Sue
name: Collins, James
name: Storey, Bob
name: Kaplan, Ray
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2017

description: Anthelmintic resistance is a worldwide problem in all livestock systems, with most reports of resistance in cattle parasites being to the macrocyclic lactone (ML) drug class. Several prevalence studies performed internationally demonstrate that anthelmintic resistance in cattle parasites is a growing problem, however, no similar studies have been performed in the US. The primary objective of this study was to gain data on the prevalence of ML resistance in gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasites on beef cattle farms in Georgia. We also wanted to test the efficacy of combination anthelmintic therapy in these same herds, and use these data as a basis for educational outreach programs for beef producers in Georgia.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2017
title: The apparent disappearance of Loligo forbesi from the south of its range in the 1990s: trends in Loligo spp. abundance in the northeast Atlantic
Creators: name: Chen, C.-S.
name: Pierce, G.J.
name: Wang, J.
name: Robin, J.-P.
name: Poulard, J.C.
name: Pereira, J.
name: Zuur, A.F.
name: Boyle, P.R.
name: Bailey, N.
name: Beare, D.J.
name: Sobrino, I.
name: Relini, L. Orsi
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - CC - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Since the early 1990s, Loligo forbesi has apparently disappeared from much of the southern part of its former range, with catches off the Iberian Peninsula, for example, declining dramatically during the 1990s. The present paper assembles data from fishery and research cruise databases to examine the evidence for a shift in distribution and identify possible environmental correlates. Time-series of abundance of Loligo forbesi and L. vulgaris were assembled using fishery and survey data from Scotland, France, and Portugal. Based on availability of data and timing of the main fishery, data for autumn (October-December) were selected. Nine squid series and two explanatory variables (sea surface temperature and the NAO index) were analysed using dynamic factor analysis (DFA). The optimal DFA model contained two common trends and two explanatory variables. The first common trend shows an increase from 1977-1997, and a slight decrease after 1998 onwards, and is positively related to L. vulgaris survey abundance in Portugal and L. forbesi fishery abundance in Scotland – and negatively related to L. forbesi survey abundance in Portugal. The second trend identifies an increase from 1990-1995, followed by a decrease until 2001, and is positively related to the squid (L. forbesi and L. vulgaris) abundance series from French surveys and fisheries. SST series was significantly related to three squid abundance series: positively with abundance of small L. forbesi in French surveys and negatively with the abundance of small L. forbesi from Scottish surveys and abundance of L. vulgaris in Portuguese surveys. The NAO series showed no significant relationship to the original squid series. The increase in SST after 1993 and subsequent high level may thus be associated with the decrease of Loligo abundance in the south area (France and Portugal) and the increase in Loligo abundance in the north area (Scotland).
Economic benefits of diagnostic testing in livestock
Creators: name: Marsh, Thomas L.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2017

description: Anaplasmosis is an economically important livestock disease that can result in death loss, productivity loss, and burdensome treatment costs. Uncontrolled outbreaks can impose a significant financial burden on cattle producers worldwide, which may be mitigated by diligent surveillance and management. Evaluating the economic benefit of various management tools can be complicated, and in the case of diagnostic testing, is influenced by disease prevalence as well as the test and individual herd characteristics. This study applies an economic model to determine the value of anaplasmosis testing in various scenarios representative of cow-calf operations.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2017
Unique lifting of integer variables in minimal inequalities
Creators: name: Basu, Amitabh
name: Campelo, Manoel
name: Conforti, Michele
name: Cornuejols, Gerard
name: Zambelli, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C11, 52C07, 52C17, 52C22

description: This paper contributes to the theory of cutting planes for mixed integer linear programs (MILPs). Minimal valid inequalities are well understood for a relaxation of an MILP in tableau form where all the nonbasic variables are continuous; they are derived using the gauge function of maximal lattice-free convex sets. In this paper we study lifting functions for the nonbasic integer variables starting from such minimal valid inequalities. We characterize precisely when the lifted coefficient is equal to the coefficient of the corresponding continuous variable in every minimal lifting. The answer is a nonconvex region that can be obtained as a finite union of convex polyhedra. We then establish a necessary and sufficient condition for the uniqueness of the lifting function.
description: A subset of these results appeared in Proceedings of IPCO 2010, LNCS 6080, 2010, pp. 85--95
Supplementary document for Hydrophobic-substrate based water-microdroplet manipulation through the long-range photovoltaic interaction from a distant LiNbO3:Fe crystal - 5044651.pdf
Creators: name: Yan, Wenbo
name: Gao, Zuoxuan
name: Mugisha, Euphrem
name: Wang, Mengtong
name: Liu, Xiaohu
name: Zhang, Xiong
name: Gao, Kaifang
name: Mi, Yuhang
name: shi, Lihong
name: Chen, Hongjian
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photonics, Optoelectronics and Optical Communications

description: Supplemental document
Additional file 4: of Drug resistance profiling of a new triple negative breast cancer patient-derived xenograft model
Creators: name: Matossian, Margarite
name: Burks, Hope
name: Elliott, Steven
name: Hoang, Van
name: Bowles, Annie
name: Sabol, Rachel
name: Wahba, Bahia
name: Anbalagan, Muralidharan
name: Rowan, Brian
name: Abazeed, Mohamed
name: Bunnell, Bruce
name: Moroz, Krzysztof
name: Miele, Lucio
name: Rhodes, Lyndsay
name: Jones, Steven
name: Martin, Elizabeth
name: Collins-Burow, Bridgette
name: Burow, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Virology

description: Figure S4. Cells derived from TU-BcX-2 K1 are tumorigenic. (A) Cells derived from the TU-BcX-2 K1 model formed a tumor when SCID/Beige mice were inoculated with 2.5 × 106 cells. ‘T6’ indicates the cells were derived from a TU-BCX-2 K1 tumor that was passaged six times in mice, and ‘p6’ denotes the cells were passaged six times in cell culture before inoculation. (B) H & E staining of the resulting tumor show a loss of fibrotic areas of the tumor that were present in the original implants. (C) TU-BcX-2 K1 cells metastasize to both the lungs and liver. Organs were harvested, formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded and H & E stained to visualize metastatic lesions. (DOCX 676 kb)
Evaluation of reproductive performance of dairy heifers subjected to two estrus detection systems and treated with two prostaglandin formulations
Creators: name: Veronese, A.
name: Marques, O.
name: Moreira, R.
name: Belli, A.
name: Bilby, T. R.
name: Chebel, R. C.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2017

description: Efficient and accurate identification of estrus is critical for the success of estrous detection based reproductive management. We hypothesized that management of dairy heifers with the aid of an automated estrous detection system (AES) would improve service rate and consequently the reproductive performance of dairy heifers. In addition we hypothesized that treatment of heifers with cloprostenol (CLO) would improve pregnancy per service compared with treatment with dinoprost (DIN). The objectives were to evaluate the reproductive performance of dairy heifers managed with the aid of an AES vs a mounting detector device (MD) and synchronized with CLO vs DIN.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2017
title: Trace element distributions in cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) statoliths in response to a manipulated environment
Creators: name: Zumholz, K.
name: Piatkowski, U.
name: Hansteen, T.H.
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - CC - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Cephalopod statoliths potentially act as information storage structures in which ambient changes of water salinity and temperature are recorded by their trace element composition. Therefore, statolith microchemistry provides a powerful tool to reconstruct life history events and migration pathways of individual cephalopods. Most microchemical studies focus on strontium concentrations to infer temperature related habitat use, yet the method remains largely unverified. It is not known if the strontium to calcium (Sr/Ca) ratio is primarily related to ambient temperature or if it is simultaneously influenced by salinity. We manipulated rearing environments of juvenile cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) to quantify the relationship between statolith trace element composition and water salinity and temperature.
Non-universal velocity probability densities in two-dimensional turbulence: the effect of large-scale dissipation
Creators: name: Tsang, Yue-Kin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that some statistical properties of forced two-dimensional turbulence have an important sensitivity to the form of large-scale dissipation which is required to damp the inverse cascade. We consider three models of large-scale dissipation: linear "Ekman" drag, non-linear quadratic drag, and scale selective hypo-drag that damps only low-wavenumber modes. In all cases, the statistically steady vorticity field is dominated by almost axisymmetric vortices, and the probability density function of vorticity is non-Gaussian. However, in the case of linear and quadratic drag, we find that the velocity statistics is close to Gaussian, with non-negligible contribution coming from the background turbulent flow. On the other hand, with hypo-drag, the probability density function of velocity is non-Gaussian and is predominantly determined by the properties of the vortices. With hypo-drag, the relative positions of the vortices and the exponential distribution of the vortex extremum are important factors responsible for the non-Gaussian velocity statistics.
Predicting Cumulative Risk of Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex using Feedlot Arrival Data and Daily Morbidity and Mortality Counts
Creators: name: Babcock, A. H.
name: Renter, D. G.
name: White, B. J.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2010

description: Economic losses from bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) are substantial in commercial feedlots. The ability to estimate potential losses at arrival and during the feeding period would be valuable for health and economic management. Our objectives were to evaluate the use of arrival risk factor data and subsequent daily BRDC morbidity and mortality counts for predicting lot-level cumulative BRDC risk.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2010
title: Growth-mortality hypothesis evaluation for Atlantic menhaden (Brevotyrannus) larvae
Creators: name: Fey, Dariusz
name: Hare, Jonathan
name: Laban, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - DD - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.This study tests the 'growth-mortality' hypothesis for Atlantic menhaden larvae. After being spawned in offshore coastal waters, menhaden larvae are carried into estuarine nursery areas by currents, where they transform into juveniles. This 1-3 month-long larval period is characterized by high mortality and may be an important determinant in eventual year-class strength. Age and hatch dates of larval menhaden recruiting to the Beaufort estuary during 1988-1999 were estimated from daily otolith increment counts. Furthermore, growth rates of specimens classified to low and high survival periods. In addition, temperature effect on growth rate was evaluated for fish origin from different year-classes, and different spawning periods within one year-class.
Identifying high betweenness centrality nodes in large social networks
Creators: name: Kourtellis, Nicolas
name: Alahakoon, Tharaka
name: Simha, Ramanuja
name: Iamnitchi, Adriana
name: Tripathi, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes an alternative way to identify nodes with high betweenness centrality. It introduces a new metric, k-path centrality, and a randomized algorithm for estimating it, and shows empirically that nodes with high k-path centrality have high node betweenness centrality. The randomized algorithm runs in time $O(κ^{3}n^{2-2α}\log n)$ and outputs, for each vertex v, an estimate of its k-path centrality up to additive error of $\pm n^{1/2+ α}$ with probability $1-1/n^2$. Experimental evaluations on real and synthetic social networks show improved accuracy in detecting high betweenness centrality nodes and significantly reduced execution time when compared with existing randomized algorithms.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Field Study
Creators: name: Grooms, D.
name: Bolin, S.
name: Metz, K.
name: Birney, J.
name: Peasley, L.
name: Grotelueschen, D.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2010

description: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a major pathogen involved in the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD). Immunosuppression induced by BVDV is thought to contribute to BRD, exacerbating secondary bacterial and viral pneumonias. Calves persistently infected (PI) with BVDV maintain the virus in the cattle population and serve as the primary source of transmission within and between herds. The impact that PI calves have on overall feedlot calf health and performance has been shown to be significant. In this field study, calves from one farm, but from different BVDV exposure backgrounds, were monitored after entry into a feedlot in which constant exposure to BVDV virus occurred via presence of PI calves. The objective was to determine if different pre-weaning BVDV exposures mitigated adverse consequences of constant BVDV exposure in a feedlot setting.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2010
Current enhancement due to field-induced dark carrier multiplication in graphene
Creators: name: Jago, Roland
name: Wendler, Florian
name: Malic, Ermin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a microscopic study on current generation in graphene in response to an electric field. While scattering is generally considered to reduce the current, we reveal that in graphene Auger processes give rise to a current enhancement via a phenomenon we denote dark carrier multiplication. Based on a microscopic approach, we show that, if other scattering channels are absent, this prevents the carrier distribution to reach a stationary value. Taking into account scattering with phonons a finite current is restored, however its value exceeds the stationary current without scattering.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
title: Effects of predation from juvenile herring on mortality rates of capelin larvae in the Barents Sea
Creators: name: Hallfredsson, Elvar H.
name: Pedersen, Torstein
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - DD - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.In this study, we examine whether predation from juvenile herring has a significant effect on mortality rates of capelin larvae in the Barents Sea, which in turn might affect the year class strength in the capelin stock. Surveys were carried out in summer 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004. Juvenile herring were sampled by pelagic trawl, and a Gulf III was used to sample capelin larvae and other zooplankton. Hydrographical and acoustic data were also collected. The stomach contents of herring and the zooplankton samples were dominated by Calanus finmarchicus and euphausiids. Capelin larvae with lengths in the range 7-25 mm dominated the ichthyoplankton. In 2001, juvenile herring were widely distributed and overlapped with capelin larvae over a wide area. At 11 of 24 stations where herring was caught, capelin larvae were observed in the herring stomachs. Average frequency of occurrence for capelin larvae was 7% (n = 612 herring stomachs). In 2002 and 2004, herring was almost absent from the trawl catches. Herring abundance in 2003 appeared to be higher than in 2002, but lower than in 2001. Large schools of herring were observed in one area, and analysis of three trawl samples from these schools revealed that the herring had been feeding intensively on capelin larvae. Five hundred nine capelin larvae were found in 330 herring and 39.7 of the herring stomachs contained capelin larvae. The effects of abundance of herring and capelin larvae and drift patterns on mortality rates were analysed and are discussed. A total estimate of 7.3% and 9.9% of the capelin larvae were eaten by herring per day in 2001 and 2003, respectively. This refers to stations where herring was presented in the trawl catches.
Silene vulgaris subsp. macrocarpa leaves and roots from Morocco: assessment of the efficiency of different extraction techniques and solvents on their antioxidant capacity, brine shrimp toxicity and phenolic characterization
Creators: name: Mohti, Hicham
name: Taviano, Maria Fernanda
name: Cacciola, Francesco
name: Dugo, Paola
name: Mondello, Luigi
name: Abdelhamid Zaid
name: Cavò, Emilia
name: Natalizia Miceli
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of various solvents and techniques on the extractability of antioxidant compounds, particularly phenolics, from leaves and roots of Silene vulgaris subsp. macrocarpa grown wild in Morocco. Maceration and hot extraction with methanol or water and Soxhlet ethanol extraction were utilized. Aimed at establishing the potential safety of the extracts, Artemia salina lethality bioassay was performed. All the extracts were found to be non-toxic, except for the leaf Soxhlet ethanol. The antioxidant potential of the extracts was evaluated in vitro by DPPH, reducing power, and ferrous ions chelating activity assays. The leaf extracts displayed noticeable radical scavenging and chelating activities, and maceration with methanol (Mac-MeOH) resulted the most suitable extraction method for an effective recovery of antioxidants; further, the root Mac-MeOH extract demonstrated good chelating properties (IC50 = 335.49 ± 0.70 µg/mL). Thus, leaf and root Mac-MeOH extracts were subjected to phytochemical investigations. The total phenolic, flavonoid and condensed tannin content was determined spectrophotometrically. Thirteen polyphenolic compounds were positively identified, by HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS, in the leaf extract for the first time, with p-coumaric acid derivatives being the most abundant ones (81%), whereas only catechin and procyanidin B1 were found in the root extract.
Practical Considerations for Body Composition Assessment of Adults with Class II/III Obesity Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis or Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry
Creators: Johnson Stoklossa, Carlene A.
Forhan, Mary
Padwal, Raj S.
Gonzalez, Maria Cristina
Prado, Carla M.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2016

Purpose of Review

The purpose of this review is to explore the practical considerations for body composition assessment of adults with class II/III obesity. Studies assessing adults (18–64 years) with a body mass index (BMI) ≥35 kg/m2 with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and/or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were included.

Recent Findings

Twelve studies met inclusion criteria. Five considerations were identified: variances in equipment and technology, equipment weight capacity, subject positioning, tissue penetration, and total body hydration. In subjects with BMI ≥35 kg/m2, BIA overestimated fat-free mass with scaling errors as BMI increased. DXA provided accurate and reliable body composition measures, but equipment-related barriers prevented assessment of some taller, wider, and heavier subjects.

Summary

BIA is an unreliable method to assess body composition in class II/III obesity. Advancements in DXA technology (e.g., iDXA), methodology (e.g., subject positioning, longer scan times), and more inclusive testing criteria (e.g., use equipment limits not just BMI) may improve access and understanding of body composition in this cohort.
title: Use of the continuous underwater fish egg sampler (CUFES) to study the small scale distributoin of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) egg patches
Creators: name: Zwolinski, J.
name: Mason, E.
name: Peliz, A.
name: Oliveira, P.
name: Stratoudakis, Y.
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - DD - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Sampling was performed on parallel transects covering 100nm2 on a 1x1 nm grid. Information on sardine presence and relative abundance was obtained using an EK500 echo-sounder and MOVIES software
Genetic and Antigenic Characterization of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Field Isolates
Creators: name: Hause, B. M.
name: Bey, R. F.
name: Stine, D. L.
name: Simonson, R. R.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2010

description: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is commonly found in cattle and causes significant economic losses. Despite long term and widespread use of commercial modified live vaccines, BVD remains problematic. BVDV are classified into two genotypes, BVDV-1 and BVDV-2, and are further subdivided within the genotype by sequence analysis. Most genetic analysis is performed on the 5'-untranslated region of the genome as it is relatively conserved, however, this region does not code for an antigen. The objective of this study was to characterize recent BVDV field isolates using genetic analysis of the E2 gene in combination with antigenic methods using antisera generated against multiple isolates in a high throughput serum neutralization assay.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2010
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus
Creators: name: Schefers, J. M.
name: Collins, J. E.
name: Goyal, S. M.
name: Ames, T. R.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to detect and confirm PI dairy cattle, research the dam's location during the first trimester of gestation, and genetically sequence a portion of the 5' untranslated (UTR) region of viral RNA to determine the prevalence of different genotypes of BVDV PI dairy cattle in the upper midwestern United States.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2010
Additional file 5: of Drug resistance profiling of a new triple negative breast cancer patient-derived xenograft model
Creators: name: Matossian, Margarite
name: Burks, Hope
name: Elliott, Steven
name: Hoang, Van
name: Bowles, Annie
name: Sabol, Rachel
name: Wahba, Bahia
name: Anbalagan, Muralidharan
name: Rowan, Brian
name: Abazeed, Mohamed
name: Bunnell, Bruce
name: Moroz, Krzysztof
name: Miele, Lucio
name: Rhodes, Lyndsay
name: Jones, Steven
name: Martin, Elizabeth
name: Collins-Burow, Bridgette
name: Burow, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Figure S5. TU-BcX-2â K1 tumor pieces were treated with collagenase type II and re-implanted in the mfp of SCID/Beige mice. (A) The resulting tumor was similar in gross appearance to the natural TU-BcX-2â K1 tumor. (B) H & E staining showed loss of histological architecture and stromal components. (C) Cells derived from the collagenase-treated tumors formed spheres in 3D conditions. (DOCX 532 kb)
A ray-optical Poincaré sphere for structured Gaussian beams
Creators: name: Alonso, Miguel A
name: Dennis, Mark R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general family of structured Gaussian beams naturally emerges from a consideration of families of rays. These ray families, with the property that their transverse profile is invariant upon propagation (except for cycling of the rays and a global rescaling), have two parameters, the first giving a position on an ellipse naturally represented by a point on the Poincaré sphere (familiar from polarization optics), and the other determining the position of a curve traced out on this Poincaré sphere. This construction naturally accounts for the familiar families of Gaussian beams, including Hermite-Gauss, Laguerre-Gauss and Generalized Hermite-Laguerre-Gauss beams, but is far more general. The conformal mapping between a projection of the Poincaré sphere and the physical space of the transverse plane of a Gaussian beam naturally involves caustics. In addition to providing new insight into the physics of propagating Gaussian beams, the ray-based approach allows effective approximation of the propagating amplitude without explicit diffraction calculations.
description: Main article 12 pages 10 figures; supplementary material (appendices) 7 pages, 3 figures
Partially separable convexly-constrained optimization with non-Lipschitzian singularities and its complexity
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaojun
name: Toint, Philippe
name: Wang, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An adaptive regularization algorithm using high-order models is proposed for partially separable convexly constrained nonlinear optimization problems whose objective function contains non-Lipschitzian $\ell_q$-norm regularization terms for $q\in (0,1)$. It is shown that the algorithm using an $p$-th order Taylor model for $p$ odd needs in general at most $O(ε^{-(p+1)/p})$ evaluations of the objective function and its derivatives (at points where they are defined) to produce an $ε$-approximate first-order critical point. This result is obtained either with Taylor models at the price of requiring the feasible set to be 'kernel-centered' (which includes bound constraints and many other cases of interest), or for non-Lipschitz models, at the price of passing the difficulty to the computation of the step. Since this complexity bound is identical in order to that already known for purely Lipschitzian minimization subject to convex constraints [CartGoulToin2016], the new result shows that introducing non-Lipschitzian singularities in the objective function may not affect the worst-case evaluation complexity order. The result also shows that using the problem's partially separable structure (if present) does not affect complexity order either. A final (worse) complexity bound is derived for the case where Taylor models are used with a general convex feasible set.
Using mechanical clearing and goat grazing for restoring understorey plant diversity of embankments in the Rhône valley (Southern France)
Creators: name: Moinardeau, Cannelle
name: Mesléard, François
name: Ramone, Hervé
name: Dutoit, Thierry
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Consumption by animals remains one of the key points to assess the effectiveness of grazing impacts in woodland for increasing understorey plant diversity. To limit the spread of the brambles and restore understorey plant diversity on an artificial embankment an original system of clearings connected by paths was created by mechanically crushing brambles and allowing them to be grazed by rustic goats. The analysis of the indices of consumption of bramble under GIS has been used to provide an estimation of the volume ingested and an estimation of the effectiveness of the goats. The impacts of three different managements (goat grazing, brush clearing and grazing, clearing and exclusion of grazing) and control without management were then tested during a three-year period. The monitoring of the vegetation on permanent plots provided evidence that goat grazing significantly increased in the short term the species-richness and heterogeneity of herbaceous plants communities, in complement with prior clearing. Thus, the objectives of the managers to open up the area and reduce the bramble cover were achieved, but the prior introduction of goats and the installation of mobile enclosures would be advisable in order to ensure the sustainability of these measures on plant diversity in the long term.
Experimental Study on Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) for Mobile Internet of Things
Creators: name: Patel, Dhaval
name: Won, Myounggyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the past decade, we have witnessed explosive growth in the number of low-power embedded and Internet-connected devices, reinforcing the new paradigm, Internet of Things (IoT). The low power wide area network (LPWAN), due to its long-range, low-power and low-cost communication capability, is actively considered by academia and industry as the future wireless communication standard for IoT. However, despite the increasing popularity of `mobile IoT', little is known about the suitability of LPWAN for those mobile IoT applications in which nodes have varying degrees of mobility. To fill this knowledge gap, in this paper, we conduct an experimental study to evaluate, analyze, and characterize LPWAN in both indoor and outdoor mobile environments. Our experimental results indicate that the performance of LPWAN is surprisingly susceptible to mobility, even to minor human mobility, and the effect of mobility significantly escalates as the distance to the gateway increases. These results call for development of new mobility-aware LPWAN protocols to support mobile IoT.
description: To appear at 2017 IEEE 85th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC'17 Spring)
title: Growth rates and age distributions of capelin (Mallotus villosus) larvae in the Barents Sea investigated by otolith increment analysis
Creators: name: Jakobsen, Ronny A.
name: Pedersen, Torstein
name: Moksness, Erlend
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - DD - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.In order to investigate age distributions and growth rates, otoliths from capelin larvae collected from the Barents Sea during the summers 2001-2003 were analysed using otolith microstructure analysis. Stations were selected to represent areas with different water masses and temperature regimes. One hundred forty larvae from two stations in 2001 and 2002 and three stations in 2003 were analysed. Water temperature in the upper 50 m differed by up to 1.5o C between stations within years. Before the otolith increment analysis, the otoliths were coded and analysed together with otoliths from larvae of known age from bag rearing experiments. The average change in body length was 0.33 mm per increment. Except for 2002, there were no differences between stations within years with respect to increment number distributions and body length distributions. Average increment width differed between years. The larvae collected in 2002 had on average far fewer increments (average 14) than those collected in 2003 (average 24) at the same time of year. The average change in body length per increment (0.33 mm) corresponds to bag-reared larvae that deposit about one zone per day in the otoliths. This suggests that otolith increment analysis of capelin larvae may provide valuable information about age distributions and growth rates in capelin larvae. The implications of the results for assessment of factors affecting mortality rates and drift patterns of capelin larvae will be discussed.
Bovine Coronavirus Infections in Transported Commingled Beef Calves and Sole-source Ranch Cattle
Creators: name: Fulton, Robert W.
name: Step, D. L.
name: Wahrmund, Jackie
name: Burge, L. J.
name: Eberle, R.
name: D'Offay, J. M.
name: Confer, Anthony W.
name: Cook, Billy
name: Burken, Dick
name: Richards, Chris
name: Payton, Mark
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2010

description: Bovine respiratory diseases (BRD) occurring in the feedlot represent the major disease entity during the feeding period. Several bacteria, viruses, and Mycoplasma spp are reported as causative agents. Feedlot BRD may occur at various times, although the early disease appearing after arrival and processing often receives the most attention. In addition to bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1), bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDV), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine parainfluenza-3 virus (PI-3V), bovine coronavirus (BC) infections have been found in BRD cases. Potentially the case can be made for the use of vaccines to control BCV disease. There are no USDA APHIS CVB licensed vaccines for respiratory disease in the US. The purpose of this study was to: 1) determine the presence of BCV in cattle entering the feedlot from auction markets commingled and shipped to the feedlot and the dynamics of infection over time, and 2) determine the BCV antibody levels in ranch raised (direct from the ranch and not commingled with other cattle) cattle entering the feedlot.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2010
Bovine Neonatal Pancytopenia (BNP)
Creators: name: Friedrich, A.
name: Rademacher, G.
name: Carlin, A.
name: Assad, A.
name: Hafner-Marx, A.
name: Klee, W.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2010

description: Since the spring of 2007, cases of an almost always lethal bleeding disorder in neonatal calves have appeared, first in Germany and since in many other European countries with increasing incidence, with some notable exceptions. Results of epidemiological, clinical, and experimental investigations are reported.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2010
title: Do capelin larvae deposit daily increments in their otoliths?
Creators: name: Ivarjord, Trond
name: Pedersen, Torstein
name: Moksness, Erlend
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - DD - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Analysis of increment formation in larval fish otoliths has provided valuable information about growth, transport and mortality processes of larvae in wild stocks, but the technique has not been widely used on capelin larvae. As part of a programme (BASECOEX) aimed to investigate recruitment dynamics of capelin in the Barents Sea, otolith microstructure analysis was used on larvae of known age reared in plastic bags. In enclosure validation experiments in 2002 and 2003, newly hatched yolk sac larvae were stocked into eight 10m3 plastic bags where environmental conditions were kept as natural as possible. The bags were emptied after about 35-79 days, the surviving larvae were collected and the otoliths were analysed in order to test whether there was daily increment formation. Survival in the bags was very high, ranging from 40-76%, and individual growth rates varied with an average of 0.23 mm per day. Fast-growing larvae formed more increments than did slow-growing larvae. The average formation of increments in the otoliths was 0.76 per day. The larvae with an above average increment formation rate, however, formed one increment per day. On average, the larvae start to form increments 12 days after hatching, and the increment width decreases by age and/or length of the larvae. Increment widths of the 2002 group were higher than for the 2003 groups, despite the fact that the 2003 group had higher body length growth rates than the 2002.