cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Determination of water permeability for cementitious materials with minimized batch effect
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhidong
name: Scherer, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Values of water permeability for cementitious materials reported in the literature show a large scatter. This is partially attributed to the fact that materials used in different studies are different. To eliminate the effects of cements, specimen preparation, curing conditions and other batch effects, this study employs a long cylindrical cement paste to prepare all specimens for a variety of permeability determination methods, such as beam bending, sorptivity, Katz Thompson and Kozeny Carman equations. Permeabilities determined by these methods are then used in a moisture transport model. Compared with the measured mass loss curves, we found that permeability determined by the beam bending method provides much closer results to the measured ones than other methods. The difference results from that the saturated specimen is used in the beam bending method while specimens in other methods are dried (or rewetted). As already shown in the literature, the microstructure of the dried or rewetted specimens is altered and different to the original microstructure of the water saturated specimens.
description: 30 Pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
Transport through a 1D Mott-Hubbard insulator of finite length
Creators: name: Ponomarenko, Vadim
name: Nagaosa, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport through a 1D Mott-Hubbard insulator of a finite length $L$ is studied beyond perturbative approach. At special value of the low energy constant of the interaction we have mapped the problem onto the exactly solvable models and found current vs. voltage $V$ at high temperature $T>max(m,T_L)$ and at low energy $T,V
description: revised version to appear in PRL, added 2 figures, rewritten the introduction piece and corrected typos
Grant Writing as World Viewing – Or Who Is Afraid of the SNSF?
Creators: name: Hölling, Hanna Barbara
Publisher: name: HKB Bern Academy of the Arts
Year: 2024
Subjects: SNSF
Grant
Funding
Competition

description: The word “competition” comes to mind when we consider academic writing intended for funding applications. How can we frame a proposal to distinguish it from the multitude of other scientific inquiries? How can we meet the criteria, desires, and preferences of those empowered to provide funding? How can we package our research into a conveyable, straightforward narrative that is simultaneously complex enough to sustain itself through multiple rounds of critical scrutiny? In conservation, despite its critical framework and evolving academic status, securing grants remains challenging due to traditional preferences for established disciplines such as art history and natural sciences. Switzerland, however, offers a supportive landscape through the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), recognized for its detailed, constructive feedback and extensive financial support across research fields. Despite the growing inclusion of advanced research in conservation, many Swiss programs remain practice-oriented, limiting integration with research-driven curricula. The rare leadership of SNSF-funded projects by conservators highlights the need for a shift toward research and academic inclusivity. Success in conservation must reconcile theory and practice, fostering a collaborative culture that embraces diversity in scholarship and professional engagement. Progress lies in collective efforts to meet contemporary challenges and realize conservation’s full potential.
Global seasonal variations of the near-surface relative humidity levels on present-day Mars
Creators: name: Pál, B.
name: Kereszturi, Á.
name: Forget, F.
name: Smith, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the global seasonal variations of near-surface relative humidity and relevant attributes, like temperature and water vapor volume mixing ratio on Mars using calculations from modelled and measurement data. We focus on 2 am local time snapshots to eliminate daily effects related to differences in insolation, and to be able to compare calculations based on modelling data from the LMDZ GCM with the observations of MGS TES. We study the seasonal effects by examining four specific dates in the Martian year, the northern spring equinox, summer solstice, autumn equinox and winter solstice. We identify three specific zones, where the near-surface relative humidity levels are systematically higher than in their vicinity regardless of season. We find that these areas coincide with low thermal inertia features, which control surface temperatures on the planet, and are most likely covered with unconsolidated fine dust with grain sizes less than $\sim$ 40$μ$m. By comparing the data of relative humidity, temperature and water vapor volume mixing ratio at two different heights (near-surface, $\sim$ 23 m above the surface), we demonstrate that the thermal inertia could play an important role in determining near-surface humidity levels. We also notice that during the night the water vapor levels drop at $\sim$ 4 m above the surface. This, together with the temperature and thermal inertia values, shows that water vapor likely condenses in the near-surface atmosphere and on the ground during the night at the three aforementioned regions. This condensation may be in the form of brines, wettening of the fine grains or deliquescence. This study specifies areas of interest on the surface of present day Mars for the proposed condensation, which may be examined by in-situ measurements in the future.
description: 25 pages, 20 figures, revision under review in Icarus
Entangled graphs on surfaces in space
Creators: name: Castle, Toen
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013
Subjects: geometry
topology
entanglement
chirality
knots
links
ravels
platonic polyhedra
cube
tetrahedron
octahedron
toroidal embedding

description: In the chemical world, as well as the physical, strands get tangled. When those strands form loops, the mathematical discipline of ‘knot theory’ can be used to analyse and describe the resultant tangles. However less has been studied about the situation when the strands branch and form entangled loops in either finite structures or infinite periodic structures. The branches and loops within the structure form a ‘graph’, and can be described by mathematical ‘graph theory’, but when graph theory concerns itself with the way that a graph can fit in space, it typically focuses on the simplest ways of doing so. Graph theory thus provides few tools for understanding graphs that are entangled beyond their simplest spatial configurations. This thesis explores this gap between knot theory and graph theory. It is focussed on the introduction of small amounts of entanglement into finite graphs embedded in space. These graphs are located on surfaces in space, and the surface is chosen to allow a limited amount of complexity. As well as limiting the types of entanglement possible, the surface simplifies the analysis of the problem – reducing a three-dimensional problem to a two-dimensional one. Through much of this thesis, the embedding surface is a torus (the surface of a doughnut) and the graph embedded on the surface is the graph of a polyhedron. Polyhedral graphs can be embedded on a sphere, but the addition of the central hole of the torus allows a certain amount of freedom for the entanglement of the edges of the graph. Entanglements of the five Platonic polyhedra (tetrahedron, octahedron, cube, dodecahedron, icosahedron) are studied in depth through their embeddings on the torus. The structures that are produced in this way are analysed in terms of their component knots and links, as well as their symmetry and energy. It is then shown that all toroidally embedded tangled polyhedral graphs are necessarily chiral, which is an important property in biochemical and other systems. These finite tangled structures can also be used to make tangled infinite periodic nets; planar repeating subgraphs within the net can be systematically replaced with a tangled version, introducing a controlled level of entanglement into the net. Finally, the analysis of entangled structures simply in terms of knots and links is shown to be deficient, as a novel form of tangling can exist which involves neither knots nor links. This new form of entanglement is known as a ravel. Different types of ravels can be localised to the immediate vicinity of a vertex, or can be spread over an arbitrarily large scope within a finite graph or periodic net. These different forms of entanglement are relevant to chemical and biochemical self-assembly, including DNA nanotechnology and metal-ligand complex crystallisation.
Pressure induced band structure evolution of halide perovskites: a first-principles atomic and electronic structure study
Creators: name: Huang, Yang
name: Wang, Lingrui
name: Ma, Zhuang
name: Wang, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density functional theory (DFT) based calculations have been conducted to draw a broad picture of pressure induced band structure evolution in various phases of organic and inorganic halide perovskite materials. Under a wide range of pressure applied, distinct band structure behaviors including magnitude change of band gap, direct-indirect/indirect-direct band gap transitions and CBM/VBM shifts, have been observed between organic and inorganic perovskites among different phases. Through atomic and electronic structure calculations, band gap narrowing/widening has been rationalized through crystal orbitals coupling transformations; direct-indirect mutual transitions were explained based on structural symmetry evolution; different VBM/CBM shifts behaviors between organic and inorganic perovskites were analyzed focusing on orientation and polarity of molecules/atoms outside the octahedrals. These results provide a comprehensive guidance for further experimental investigations on pressure engineering of perovskite materials.
description: Additional Contact: Yang Huang yah048@ucsd.edu
Onset of Self-Assembly in Polymer-Surfactant Systems
Creators: name: Diamant, Haim
name: Andelman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The onset of self-assembly in a dilute aqueous solution containing a flexible polymer and surfactant is theoretically studied. Focusing on the effect of the surfactant on polymer conformation and using a conjecture of partial collapse of the polymer at the onset of self-assembly, we obtain results which agree with known experimental observations: (i) polymer-surfactant self-assembly always starts at a lower concentration (cac) than the one required for surfactant-surfactant self-assembly (cmc); (ii) in charged systems the cac increases with salt concentration and is almost independent of polymer charge; (iii) in weakly interacting systems the cac remains roughly proportional to the cmc over a wide range of cmc values. The special case of amphiphilic side-chain polymers strongly supports our basic conjecture. A similarity is found between the partial collapse induced by the surfactant and general results concerning the effect of impurities on critical phenomena.
description: 7 pages, 2 ps figures, using EuroTex and epsf. The published version (two figures added)
Was kennzeichnet einen Holzbau = What characterises a wooden building?
Creators: name: Sauter, Marion
Publisher: name: Universita degli Studi di Bologna
Year: 2024

description: The new online encyclopaedia www.holzbaukultur.ch from the Bern University of Applied Sciences presents Swiss timber buildings across six centuries and shows lineages of development. The wide range of examples initiates a debate about the characteristics of timber buildings. Switzerland is generally associated with craftsmanship and traditional timber buildings in the Alpine region. The attempt to develop timber architecture in the spirit of modernism in the 20th century was not very successful. The proportion of timber in total building volume decreased significantly. In recent decades, Swiss timber construction, which is now highly technologised, has repositioned itself, and architecture and structural planning have come closer together and realised remarkable, pioneering projects. Timber construction is now the subject of urban spaces and must find new forms accordingly. The approaches to these new forms have so far been very different. Answering the question “What characterises timber construction?” therefore appears to be a key to the visibility and success of a forward-looking Swiss timber construction culture.
Phyllocyclus petelotii Thiv 2003
Creators: name: Sarawgi, Aditi
name: Choudhary, Ritesh Kumar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Gentianaceae
Phyllocyclus
Phyllocyclus petelotii

description: Phyllocyclus petelotii (Merrill) Thiv (2003: 39).
Holotype image available at: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/images3/635/682/00178978- 01.jpg
 Basionym: Canscora petelotii Merrill (1938: 63)
 Type:— Laos, Cammuan [Khammouane] Province, village de Khouan Pha Vang, 140 m, November 1930, Pételot 4327 (holotype NY00178978!; isotype P00347975!).
 = Canscora ciathula Averyanov (2019: 104), syn. nov. Type:— AL 785, barcode LE 01048221
 Specimens examined: LAOS: Khammouan, Forests surrounding NBCA Area Office, 08 November, 2005, Newman, M.F., Thomas, P.I., Armstrong, K.A., Sengdala, K. Lamxay, V., LAO 986 (barcode L. 0408920); Khammouan, village de Na Be, December, 1930, Pételot 3857 (barcode NY00468325-26); Cammaon, village de Tham, 01 December, 1930, Pételot 3857a (barcode P00347972, P00347973); THAILAND: Lakhom, Thorel 3124 (barcode P00347976-77).
description: Published as part of Sarawgi, Aditi & Choudhary, Ritesh Kumar, 2022, Canscora ciathula is not Canscora but rather belongs to the genus Phyllocyclus, pp. 184-186 in Phytotaxa 575 (2) on pages 185-186, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.575.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/7413292
Voyeurism, Intrusion and Aggression: the courtship narratives of modern masala
Creators: name: Blaxell, Edward
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Bollywood
masala
Indian cinema
South Asian cinema
sexual violence
male gaze
rape culture
Salman Khan
courtship

description: The prevalence of rape and sexual violence in India has been the subject of much recent discussion, leading some to question the role of Bollywood film in contributing to narratives of male dominance and normalised sexual violence. Bollywood itself has undergone extensive change in the past two decades, with a realignment of priorities away from the historical mass audience towards a new market dominated by the middle class. This thesis examines the courtship narratives of modern masala films starring Salman Khan, the most successful Bollywood genre in recent years. It argues that male dominance is a consistent theme of courtship, as the hero's control is solidified in three key ways: through his ability to commit acts of voyeurism and subject the heroine to a controlling male gaze; through his superior mobility and ability to enter the heroine‟s personal space; and through his superior physical strength and ability to make the heroine the subject of his physical violence. The films provide a consistent framework for a courtship dominated by male dominance and violence, disciplining modern heroines into traditional patriarchal structures and the traditional structure of herodominated masala film. The key finding is that modern masala films normalise and celebrate sexual aggression and male dominance as integral features of courtship.
CHIZMA GEOMETRIYADA METRIK MASALALARNI YECHISHDA RAQOBATLASHUVCHI NUQTALAR USULI
Creators: name: Xalilova, Havoxon
name: Botirova, Nafisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada Chizma geometriya fanida metrik  masalalarni yechishda raqobatlashuvchi nuqtalar usulidan foydalanish bayon qilingan.
Chern-Simons theory from M5-branes and calibrated M2-branes
Creators: name: Mezei, Márk
name: Pufu, Silviu S.
name: Wang, Yifan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a sector of the 5d maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on $S^5$ consisting of $1/8$-BPS Wilson loop operators contained within a great $S^3$ inside $S^5$. We conjecture that these observables are described by a 3d Chern Simons theory on $S^3$, analytically continued to a pure imaginary Chern-Simons level. Therefore, the expectation values of these 5d Wilson loops compute knot invariants. We verify this conjecture in the weakly-coupled regime from explicit Feynman diagram computations. At strong coupling, these Wilson loop operators lift to $1/8$-BPS surface operators in the 6d $(2,0)$ theory on $S^1\times S^5$. Using AdS/CFT, we show that these surface operators are dual to M2-branes subject to certain calibration conditions required in order to preserve supersymmetry. We compute the renormalized action of a large class of calibrated M2-branes and obtain a perfect match with the field theory prediction. Finally, we present a derivation of the 3d Chern-Simons theory from 5d super-Yang-Mills theory using supersymmetric localization, modulo a subtle issue that we discuss.
description: 64 pages + appendices, 4 figures
Additional file 1: of National estimates of poisoning events related to liquid nicotine in young children treated in US hospital emergency departments, 2013â 2017
Creators: name: Chang, Joanne
name: Baoguang Wang
name: Chang, Cindy
name: Ambrose, Bridget
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Case narratives with e-liquid nicotine volume or concentration information. Table S2. Case narratives with reported symptoms. (DOCX 37 kb)
Electron-phonon coupling in single-layer MoS2
Creators: name: Mahatha, Sanjoy K.
name: Ngankeu, Arlette S.
name: Hinsche, Nicki Frank
name: Mertig, Ingrid
name: Guilloy, Kevin
name: Matzen, Peter L.
name: Bianchi, Marco
name: Sanders, Charlotte E.
name: Miwa, Jill A.
name: Bana, Harsh
name: Travaglia, Elisabetta
name: Lacovig, Paolo
name: Bignardi, Luca
name: Lizzit, Daniel
name: Larciprete, Rosanna
name: Baraldi, Alessandro
name: Lizzit, Silvano
name: Hofmann, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron-phonon coupling strength in the spin-split valence band maximum of single-layer MoS$_2$ is studied using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory-based calculations. Values of the electron-phonon coupling parameter $λ$ are obtained by measuring the linewidth of the spin-split bands as a function of temperature and fitting the data points using a Debye model. The experimental values of $λ$ for the upper and lower spin-split bands at K are found to be 0.05 and 0.32, respectively, in excellent agreement with the calculated values for a free-standing single-layer MoS$_2$. The results are discussed in the context of spin and phase-space restricted scattering channels, as reported earlier for single-layer WS$_2$ on Au(111). The fact that the absolute valence band maximum in single-layer MoS$_2$ at K is almost degenerate with the local valence band maximum at $Γ$ can potentially be used to tune the strength of the electron-phonon interaction in this material.
Models for Old, Metal-Poor Stars with Enhanced alpha-Element Abundances. III. Isochrones and Isochrone Population Functions
Creators: name: Bergbusch, Peter A.
name: VandenBerg, Don A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An improved algorithm for interpolating isochrones and isochrone population functions (IPFs), based on the scheme introduced by Bergbusch & VandenBerg (1992, APJS, 81, 163), is described. The computer programs (FORTRAN 77) and the grids of evolutionary tracks, for 17 [Fe/H] values between -2.31 and and -0.3, with three choices of [alpha/Fe] (0.0, 0.3, and 0.6) at each iron abundance, are freely available to users interested in producing isochrones and IPFs. We add to the evidence presented in previous papers in this series in support of the Teff and color scales of our models. The temperatures derived by Gratton et al. (1996, A&A, 314, 191) for local Population II subdwarfs with accurate {Hipparcos} parallaxes are in excellent agreement with those predicted for them, when the Gratton et al. [Fe/H] scale is also assumed. The locus defined by local subdwarfs and subgiants on the [M_V, log Teff] plane and the morphologies of globular cluster C-M diagrams are well matched by the present models, despite the neglect of diffusion. The three field halo subgiants in our sample all have ages >15 Gyr, which is also favored for the Galaxy's most metal-poor globular clusters (GCs). Our isochrones accurately reproduce the Da Costa & Armandroff (1990, AJ, 100, 162) red-giant branch fiducials for M15, NGC 6752, NGC 1851, and 47 Tuc on the [M_I, (V-I)_0]-diagram. However, our models fail to predict the observed luminosities of the red-giant bump by ~0.25 mag: this may indicate inward overshooting of convective envelopes in red giants. The Zinn & West (1984, ApJS, 55, 45) metallicities for intermediate metal-poor GCs (-1.8 > [Fe/H] > -1.1) are preferred over recent spectroscopic results, suggesting an inconsistency between current subdwarf and GC [Fe/H] scales.
description: 44 pages in total, including 7 tables and 12 figures
Resiliente Gemeinden dank Partizipation, Digitalisierung und nachhaltiger Strategie
Creators: name: Anderegg, Urs
Publisher: name: Berner Fachhochschule, Wirtschaft
Year: 2024

description: Mit neuen, digitalen Werkzeugen und innovativen Ansätzen den Herausforderungen von morgen begegnen: Kleine und mittlere Gemeinden stehen heute inmitten von Transformationen – technologisch, gesellschaftlich und im Dialog mit ihren Bürger*innen. Doch wie lässt sich Innovation nachhaltig verankern und strategisch nutzen, um zukunftsfähig zu bleiben? BFH-Experte Urs Anderegg wirft einen Blick auf aktuelle Entwicklungen und die Bedeutung partizipativer Prozesse.
Studies in nineteenth century English agnosticism
Creators: name: Dockrill, David William
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013

description: This thesis is an essay in the history of ideas. It is an attempt to characterize in detail some of the main features of agnosticism - the intellectual movement gathered around T.H. Huxley, H. Spencer, J. Tyndall, L. Stephen, and W.K. Clifford, during the last four decades of the nineteenth century. General accounts of this movement already exist - for example, A.W. Benn, The History of English Rationalism in the Nineteenth Century, R. Metz, A Hundred Years of British Philosophy - and there are good studies of some of the individual figures - for example, H. Petersen, Huxley: Prophet of science, N. Annan, Leslie Stephen, but, as far as I know, no one has produced a detailed historical study of the agnostics as a group, particularly as a group of philosophers. This work is an attempt to meet this need. Obviously, an historical account of an intellectual movement must not only provide expositions of its distinctive doctrines, it must also place the school generally in the context of its age. The 'Introductory' section is concerned with this latter aim. It may appear, at first, to be out of proportion to the rest of the work, but in view of what has been written about agnosticism it has been necessary to go beyond a general exposition of agnostic doctrines and their roots to consider in what sense the agnostics can be called by that name, and to explain how agnosticism differs from empiricism - J.S. Mill, A. Bain, G. Croom Robertson - and positivism - R. Congreve, F. Harrison, J.H. Bridges - two other Victorian intellectual movements.
Direct Detection of Bound States of Asymmetric Dark Matter
Creators: name: Coskuner, Ahmet
name: Grabowska, Dorota M.
name: Knapen, Simon
name: Zurek, Kathryn M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the reach of direct detection experiments for large bound states (containing $10^4$ or more dark nucleons) of Asymmetric Dark Matter. We consider ordinary nuclear recoils, excitation of collective modes (phonons), and electronic excitations, paying careful attention to the impact of the energy threshold of the experiment. Large exposure experiments with keV energy thresholds provide the best (future) limits when the Dark Matter is small enough to be treated as a point particle, but rapidly lose sensitivity for more extended dark bound states, or when the mediator is light. In those cases, low threshold, low exposure experiments (such as with a superfluid helium, polar material or superconducting target) are often more sensitive due to coherent enhancement over the dark nucleons. We also discuss indirect constraints on composite Asymmetric Dark Matter arising from self-interaction, formation history and the properties of the composite states themselves.
description: 43 pages, 9 figures
MOESM1 of Pycnoporus cinnabarinus glyoxal oxidases display differential catalytic efficiencies on 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and its oxidized derivatives
Creators: name: Daou, Marianne
name: Yassine, Bassem
name: Saowanee Wikee
name: Record, Eric
name: Duprat, Françoise
name: Bertrand, Emmanuel
name: Faulds, Craig
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Stability of HRP under the reaction conditions. Residual activity of HRP on ABTS after incubation for different time periods (0–24 h) in tartrate buffer pH 6 at 30 °C and 800 rpm (back) and in the presence of 3 mM HMF (blue) or HMFCA (green).
Dynamic Fluctuation Phenomena in Double Membrane Films
Creators: name: Kats, E. I.
name: Lebedev, V. V.
name: Malinin, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamics of double membrane films is investigated in the long-wavelength limit including the overdamped squeezing mode. We demonstrate that thermal fluctuations essentially modify the character of the mode due to its nonlinear coupling to the transversal shear hydrodynamic mode. The corresponding Green function acquires as a function of the frequency a cut along the imaginary semi-axis. Fluctuations lead to increasing the attenuation of the squeezing mode it becomes larger than the `bare' value.
description: 7 pages, Revtex
Ground-state phase diagram of the one-dimensional dimerized t-J model at quarter filling
Creators: name: Nishimoto, S.
name: Ohta, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state of the one-dimensional dimerized $t$$-$$J$ model at quarter filling is studied by a Lanczos exact-diagonalization technique on small clusters. We calculate the charge gap, spin gap, binding energy, Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid parameter, Drude weight, anomalous flux quantization, etc. We thereby show that the two types of dimerization, i.e., a dimerization of hopping integral and a dimerization of exchange interaction play a mutually competing role in controlling the ground state of the system and this leads to the emergence of various phases including the Mott insulating, Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid, and Luther-Emery-liquid phases. The ground-state phase diagram of the model is given on the parameter space of the dimerizations.
description: 7 pages with 9 figures. Figures will be sent by mail upon request
A spectral method for solving heat and moisture transfer through consolidated porous media
Creators: name: Gasparin, Suelen
name: Dutykh, Denys
name: Mendes, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents an efficient numerical method based on spectral expansions for simulation of heat and moisture diffusive transfers through multilayered porous materials. Traditionally, by using the finite-difference approach, the problem is discretized in time and space domains (Method of lines) to obtain a large system of coupled Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs), which is computationally expensive. To avoid such a cost, this paper proposes a reduced-order method that is faster and accurate, using a much smaller system of ODEs. To demonstrate the benefits of this approach, tree case studies are presented. The first one considers nonlinear heat and moisture transfer through one material layer. The second case - highly nonlinear - imposes a high moisture content gradient - simulating a rain like condition - over a two-layered domain, while the last one compares the numerical prediction against experimental data for validation purposes. Results show how the nonlinearities and the interface between materials are easily and naturally treated with the spectral reduced-order method. Concerning the reliability part, predictions show a good agreement with experimental results, which confirm robustness, calculation efficiency and high accuracy of the proposed approach for predicting the coupled heat and moisture transfer through porous materials.
description: 44 pages, 17 figures, 6 tables, 50 references. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.denys-dutykh.com/
R01 Countdown: Tools for Writing Concise and Compelling Grants [Handouts]
Creators: name: Kiernan, Michaela
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: faculty development, grant writing, R01 grants

description: The handouts identify 8 recommended elements for writing concise and compelling specific aims. The 8 elements are designed to make it easy and efficient for National Institutes of Health (NIH) reviewers to evaluate the ‘Overall Impact’ of R01 grant applications. Examples of the 8 elements are included from previously awarded R01 grants across multiple NIH institutes and disciplines. Use a powerful visual strategy to determine which recommended elements still need to be addressed by color coding sentences in the specific aims that correspond with each of the 8 recommended elements. Individual grant applicants, mentors, and/or faculty development programs are welcome to copy, share, and distribute these handouts in their current format with no modifications. Please retain copyright information, citation, and doi on the handouts. For more information on the R01 Countdown Program and other offerings sponsored by the Stanford University School of Medicine Office of Faculty Development and Diversity, see http://med.stanford.edu/facultydiversity
Towards an effective potential for the monomer, dimer, hexamer, solid and liquid forms of hydrogen fluoride
Creators: name: Della Valle, Raffaele Guido
name: Gazzillo, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an attempt to build up a new two-body effective potential for hydrogen fluoride, fitted to theoretical and experimental data relevant not only to the gas and liquid phases, but also to the crystal. The model is simple enough to be used in Molecular Dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations. The potential consists of: a) an intra-molecular contribution, allowing for variations of the molecular length, plus b) an inter-molecular part, with three charged sites on each monomer and a Buckingham "exp-6" interaction between fluorines. The model is able to reproduce a significant number of observables on the monomer, dimer, hexamer, solid and liquid forms of HF. The shortcomings of the model are pointed out and possible improvements are finally discussed.
description: LaTeX, 24 pages, 2 figures. For related papers see also http://www.chim.unifi.it:8080/~valle/
A rate-responsive duty-cycling protocol for leadless pacemaker synchronization
Creators: name: Ryser, Adrian
name: Reichlin, Tobias
name: Burger, Jürgen
name: Niederhauser, Thomas
name: Haeberlin, Andreas
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2024

description: Dual-chamber leadless pacemakers (LLPMs) consist of two implants, one in the right atrium and one in the right ventricle. Inter-device communication, required for atrioventricular (AV) synchrony, however, reduces the projected longevity of commercial dual-chamber LLPMs by 35–45%. This work analyzes the power-saving potential and the resulting impact on AV-synchrony for a novel LLPM synchronization protocol. Relevant parameters of the proposed window scheduling algorithm were optimized with system-level simulations investigating the resulting trade-off between transceiver current consumption and AV-synchrony. The parameter set included the algorithm’s setpoint for the target number of windows per cardiac cycle and the number of averaging cycles used in the window update calculation. The sensing inputs for the LLPM model were derived from human electrocardiogram recordings in the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. Transceiver current consumption was estimated by combining the simulation results on the required communication resources with electrical measurements of a receiver microchip developed for LLPM synchronization in previous work. The performance ratio given by AV-synchrony divided by current consumption was maximized for a target of one window per cardiac cycle and three averaging cycles. Median transceiver current of both LLPMs combined was 166 nA (interquartile range: 152–183 nA) and median AV-synchrony was 92.5%. This corresponded to median reduction of 18.3% and 3.2% in current consumption and AV-synchrony, respectively, compared to a non-rate-responsive implementation of the same protocol, which prioritized maximum AV-synchrony. In conclusion, adopting a rate-responsive communication protocol may significantly increase device longevity of dual-chamber LLPMs without compromising AV-synchrony, potentially reducing the frequency of device replacements.
Microlensing by Stellar Black Holes Around Sgr A*
Creators: name: Chaname, Julio
name: Gould, Andrew
name: Miralda-Escude, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that at any given time, the Galactocentric black hole Sgr A* is expected to be microlensing N(lens)=1.7 bulge stars if the threshold of detectability of the fainter image is K(thr)=21, and about N(lens)=8 sources if K(thr)=23. The lensed images then provide a unique way to detect stellar-mass black holes predicted to cluster around Sgr A*. If a black hole passes close to a microlensed image, it will give rise to a short (weeks long) microlensing event. We show that the mass and projected velocity of the stellar-mass black hole can both be measured unambiguously from such an event, provided that either a caustic crossing is observed or the astrometric displacement is measured. For K(thr)=23 and moderate magnifications by Sgr A*, the microlensing event rate from a cluster of 20000 black holes within a radius of 0.7 pc is only 0.06 events per year; however, if highly magnified images of a star were found, the rate of events by the stellar black holes would be much higher. In addition, the N(lens) sources lensed by Sgr A* provide a unique probe of extinction behind the Galactic center along 2N(lens) lines of sight.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures; replaced with version published in ApJ
Mehr als ein Chatbot: wie KI verantwortungsvoll im Unternehmen eingesetzt werden
Creators: name: Kurpicz-Briki, Mascha
Publisher: name: Berner Fachhochschule, Wirtschaft
Year: 2024

description: ChatGPT, Midjourney & Co. haben gezeigt, wieviel Potenzial Software mit maschinellem Lernen hat. Doch um diesen Wandel verantwortungsvoll zu gestalten, müssen auch die Risiken dieser Technologien beachtet werden. Unsere Forscherin Mascha Kurpicz-Briki untersucht, wie KI verantwortungsvoll in Unternehmen eingesetzt werden kann.
Noise modeling for the multi-PMT digital optical modules of the IceCube Upgrade
Creators: name: Feigl, Nora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Dark noise modeling
Flash Talks

description: Flash Talk presented at the XX International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes - Venice 23-27 October 2023

 

Abstract:

The IceCube Upgrade, to be installed in 2026, is a low-energy extension of the DeepCore detector part of the IceCube in-ice Cherenkov neutrino telescope at the South Pole. The Upgrade will improve the detection of neutrino interactions in the GeV range by deploying nearly 700 new multi-PMT digital optical modules in a high-density configuration. This allows for more precise measurements of fundamental physics phenomena such as neutrino oscillations and searches for beyond the Standard Model physics. In this presentation an important background to consider for these low-level signals is discussed: the intrinsic noise caused by radioactive decays in the optical module’s glass components. This background is modeled using GEANT4, which accounts accurately for correlated hits on short time scales across PMTs within a single module and can be calibrated against measurements of the module testing prior deployment.
Tensilely Strained Ge Films on Si Substrates Created by Physical Vapor Deposition of Solid Sources
Creators: name: Li, Yize Stephanie
name: Nguyen, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of Si-compatible active photonic devices is a high priority in computer and modern electronics industry. Ge is compatible with Si and is a promising light emission material. Nearly all Ge-on-Si materials reported so far were grown using toxic precursor gases. Here we demonstrate the creation of Ge films on Si substrates through physical vapor deposition of toxin-free solid Ge sources. Structural characterization indicates that a high tensile strain is introduced in the Ge film during the deposition process. We attribute the presence of such a tensile strain to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between Si and Ge. A Ge peak, centered at ~2100 nm, is evident in the photoluminescence spectra of these materials, which might result from direct band gap photoluminescence alone, or from superposition of direct band gap and indirect band gap photoluminescence. These Ge-on-Si materials are therefore promising in light emission applications.
Unusual neutron-capture nucleosynthesis in a carbon-rich Galactic bulge star
Creators: name: Koch, A.
name: Reichert, M.
name: Hansen, C. J.
name: Hampel, M.
name: Stancliffe, R. J.
name: Karakas, A.
name: Arcones, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal-poor stars in the Galactic halo often show strong enhancements in carbon and/or neutron-capture elements. However, the Galactic bulge is notable for its paucity of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) and/or CH-stars, with only two such objects known to date. This begs the question whether the processes that produced their abundance distribution were governed by a comparable nucleosynthesis in similar stellar sites as for their more numerous counterparts in the halo. Recently, two contenders of such stars were discovered in the bulge, at [Fe/H] = $-1.5$ and $-$2.5 dex, both of which show enhancements in [C/Fe] of 0.4 and 1.4 dex, [Ba/Fe] in excess of 1.3 dex, and also elevated nitrogen. The more metal-poor of the stars is matched by standard $s$-process nucleosynthesis in low-mass Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) polluters. The other star shows an abnormally high [Rb/Fe] ratio. Here, we investigate the origin of the abundance peculiarities in the Rb-rich star by new, detailed measurements of heavy element abundances and by comparing the chemical element ratios of 36 species to models of neutron-capture nucleosynthesis. The $i$-process with intermediate neutron densities between those of the $s$- and $r$-processes has been previously found to provide good matches of CEMP stars with enhancements in both $r$- and $s$-process elements, rather than invoking a superposition of yields from the respective individual processes. However, the peculiar bulge star is incompatible with a pure $i$-process from a single ingestion event. Instead, it can, statistically, be better reproduced by models accounting for two proton ingestion events, or by an $i$-process component in combination with $s$-process nucleosynthesis in low-to-intermediate mass AGB stars, indicating multiple polluters. [abridged]
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
The GAmmas from Nuclear Decays Hiding from Investigators (GANDHI) Experiment
Creators: name: Benato, Giovanni
name: Drobizhev, Alexey
name: Rajendran, Surjeet
name: Ramani, Harikrishnan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a high statistics experiment to search for invisible decay modes in nuclear gamma cascades. A radioactive source (such as $^{60}$Co or $^{24}$Na) that triggers gamma cascades is placed in the middle of a large, hermetically sealed scintillation detector, enabling photon identification with high accuracy. Invisible modes are identified by establishing the absence of a photon in a well-identified gamma cascade. We propose the use of fast scintillators with nanosecond timing resolution, permitting event rates as high as $10^{7}$ Hz. Our analysis of the feasibility of this setup indicates that branching fractions as small as $10^{-12} - 10^{-14}$ can be probed. This experimental protocol benefits from the fact that a search for invisible modes is penalized for weak coupling only in the production of the new particle. If successfully implemented, this experiment is an exquisite probe of particles with mass below $\sim$4 MeV that lie in the poorly constrained supernova "trapping window" that exists between 100 keV - 30 MeV. Such particles have been invoked as mediators between dark matter and nucleons, explain the proton radius and $(g-2)_μ$ anomalies and potentially power the shock wave in type II supernovae. The hadronic axion could also be probed with modifications to the proposed setup.
Against Dissociation: Documentation as the Object of Care
Creators: name: Wielocha, Aga
Publisher: name: Universität Marburg
Year: 2024

description: Often durational, process or/and concept-based, transient and participatory, contemporary art understood as a paradigm of artistic practice calls for new approaches to the institutional collecting and all related practices including conservation. The intangible agents of contemporary artwork often exist as, and thus might be transmitted only through various kinds of documents. The resulting documentation does not only contain information about artwork’s provenance, history, meanings and character but it hosts an important part of the artwork itself. As decisions about the future presentations and hence interpretations of artworks are made based on documentation, the latter not only shapes but also determines the future of contemporary artworks.
Analysis of the foreign direct investment, oil palm expansion, and food security in Indonesia: Sumatra and Kalimantan case studies
Creators: name: Hasudungan, Albert
name: Raeskyesa, Dewa Gede Sidan
name: Fromm, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: The continuing oil palm expansion on food security has prompted fierce debate. On one side, analysts argue that local community incorporation in the oil palm sector can increase food purchasing in the market. However, the expansion has also brought unprecedented consequences of losing highly nutritious food due to forest conversions. This study aims to analyze oil palm expansion and local food security in various regions in Indonesia by tackling the following questions: (a) Which factors influence palm oil expansion, and does foreign investment play a role? (b) How does palm oil expansion affect food security in Indonesia? Socioeconomic methods have been applied in this study, including a systematic literature review and qualitative interviews with key stakeholders from various domestic and international organizations. These two methods help us triangulate the academic literature findings with real-world situations as perceived by the actors in the related field. Results indicate that, firstly, foreign investors have not only made a direct investment to facilitate oil palm expansion, but also indirect financial intermediaries are held without holding financial equities to upstream oil palm companies (e.g., supply chain financing contracts, channeling using local financial institutions such as credit union). Secondly, while large corporations asserted monoculture oil palm expansions, some smallholding farmers use mixed cropland expansion to share food and oil palm crops in their own smallholding terms. With the oil palm expansion, farmers can secure a cash flow from palm oil, but an unintended outcome is less nutrition diversification, and often because of the distance to markets, some commodities are favored over a more diverse diet. The outcomes of oil palm development vary and are multifold, as some stakeholders report that some studies show improving cash flows at the farm level, but other studies insist that food insecurity still prevails.