cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Searching for Long-lived Particles: A Compact Detector for Exotics at LHCb
Creators: name: Gligorov, Vladimir V.
name: Knapen, Simon
name: Papucci, Michele
name: Robinson, Dean J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We advocate for the construction of a new detector element at the LHCb experiment, designed to search for displaced decays of beyond standard model long-lived particles, taking advantage of a large shielded space in the LHCb cavern that is expected to soon become available. We discuss the general features and putative capabilities of such an experiment, as well as its various advantages and complementarities with respect to the existing LHC experiments and proposals such as SHiP and MATHUSLA. For two well-motivated beyond Standard Model benchmark scenarios -- Higgs decay to dark photons and $B$ meson decays via a Higgs mixing portal -- the reach either complements or exceeds that predicted for other LHC experiments.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables; published version
Attosecond transient absorption of a bound wave packet coupled to a smooth continuum
Creators: name: Dahlström, Jan Marcus
name: Pabst, Stefan
name: Lindroth, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility to use transient absorption of a coherent bound electron wave packet in hydrogen as an attosecond pulse characterization technique. In recent work we have shown that photoionization of such a coherent bound electron wave packet opens up for pulse characterization with unprecedented temporal accuracy --- independent of the atomic structure --- with maximal photoemission at all kinetic energies given a wave packet with zero relative phase [Pabst and Dahlström, Phys. Rev. A, 94, 13411 (2016)]. Here, we perform numerical propagation of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and analytical calculations based on perturbation theory to show that the energy-resolved maximal absorption of photons from the attosecond pulse does not uniquely occur at zero relative phase of the initial wave packet. Instead, maximal absorption occurs at different relative wave packet phases, distributed as a non-monotonous function with a smooth $-π/2$ shift across the central photon energy (given a Fourier-limited Gaussian pulse). Similar results are found also in helium. Our finding is surprising because it implies that the energy-resolved photoelectrons are not mapped one-to-one with the energy-resolved absorbed photons of the attosecond pulse.
description: 10 pages, 8 figues, submitted as part of a Special Issue on Emerging Attosecond Technologies in Journal of Optics
The Stationary Points and Structure of High-Energy Scattering Amplitude
Creators: name: Samokhin, A. P.
name: Petrov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ISR and the 7 TeV LHC data indicate that the differential cross-section of elastic proton-proton scattering remains almost energy-independent at the transferred momentum $t\approx - 0.21\, \mathrm{GeV}^{2}$ at the level of $\approx 7.5 \mathrm{\ mb}/\mathrm{GeV}^{2}$. This property of $ dσ/dt$ (the "first" stationary point) appears due to the correlated growth of the total cross-section and the local slope parameter and can be expressed as a relation between the latter quantities. We anticipate that this property will be true up to 13 TeV. This enables us to normalize the preliminary TOTEM data for $ dσ/dt$ at 13 TeV and $ 0.05 < |t| < 3.4\, \mathrm{GeV}^{2}$ and predict the values of $ dσ/dt$ at this energy. These data give an evidence of the second stationary point at $t\approx - 2.3\,\mathrm{GeV}^{2}$ at the level of $\approx 33 \mathrm{\ nb}/\mathrm{GeV}^{2}$. The energy evolution of $ dσ/dt$ looks as if the high energy elastic scattering amplitude is a sum of two similar terms. We argue that the existence of the two stationary points and the two-component structure of the high energy elastic scattering amplitude are general properties for all elastic processes.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables; published version
A new temperature dependent hyperonic equation of state: application to rotating neutron star models and I-Q-relations
Creators: name: Marques, Miguel
name: Oertel, Micaela
name: Hempel, Matthias
name: Novak, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a newly constructed equation of state (EoS) --applicable to stellar core collapse and neutron star mergers--, including the entire baryon octet. Our EoS is compatible with the main constraints from nuclear physics and, in particular, with a maximum mass for cold beta-equilibrated neutron stars of 2 solar masses in agreement with recent observations. As an application of our new EoS, we compute numerical stationary models for rapidly (rigidly) rotating hot neutron stars. We consider maximum masses of hot stars, such as proto-neutron stars or hypermassive neutron stars in the post-merger phase of binary neutron star coalescence. The universality of I-Q-relations at nonzero temperature for fast rotating models, comparing a purely nuclear EoS with its counterparts containing Lambda-hyperons or the entire baryon octet, respectively, is discussed, too. We find that the I-Q universality is broken when thermal effects become important, whatever the value of entropy gradients in our models. Thus, the use of I-Q relations for the analysis of proto-neutron stars or merger remnant data, including gravitational wave signals from the last stages of binary neutron star mergers, should be regarded with care.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, v2: additional discussion of EoS properties and I-Q fit, some references added, accepted for publication in PRC
Planning Data Management
Creators: name: Kandylas, Aristotelis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: data management
data management plan
dmp
research data management
utrecht university
FAIR
open science

description: This presentation is part of the workshop series, provided by the Geo Data Team of Utrecht University in Spring 2024.

This workshop covers the practical insights and tools to effectively plan how to manage research data, throughout a scientific project. The attendees learn about Data Management Plans (DMPs), their importance for research, their content and life cycle, and the available tools to create one.

The session is divided in two parts. The first part is about the theoretical background of Data Management planning while in the second part the participants interact and explore the features of a DMP tool such as DMPOnline.
Quantum control by the environment: Turing uncomputability, Optimization over Stiefel manifolds, Reachable sets, and Incoherent GRAPE
Creators: name: Pechen, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q93

description: The ability to control quantum systems is necessary for many applications of quantum technologies ranging from gate generation in quantum computation to NMR and laser control of chemical reactions. In many practical situations, the controlled quantum systems are open, i.e., interacting with the environment. While often influence of the environment is considered as an obstacle for controlling the systems, in some cases it can be exploited as a useful resource. In this note, we briefly review some results on control of open quantum systems using environment as a resource, including control by engineered environments and by non-selective measurements, Turing uncomputability of discrete quantum control, parametrization of Kraus maps by points of the Stiefel manifolds and corresponding Riemanninan optimization, control by dissipation and time-dependent decoherence rates, reachable sets, and incoherent GRAPE (Gradient Ascent Pulse Engineering) -- inGRAPE -- for gradient-based optimization.
The within-person relationship between online communication and momentary affect, and its moderation by social resources
Creators: name: Achterhof, Robin
name: Kirtley, Olivia
name: Schneider, Maude
name: Lafit, Ginette
name: Myin-Germeys, Inez
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Recent research has emphasized how little specific knowledge exists around the relationship between digital communication and well-being (Jensen et al., 2019; Odgers & Jensen, 2020; Orben, 2020; Orben & Przybylski, 2019; Prinstein et al., 2020). The associated within-person relationships in particular require more attention. In this study, we focus on the within-person relationship between digital communication and momentary affect in the moment that adolescents engage in an online interaction, and potential person-level moderators of this relationship. We will assess whether an immediate affective benefit/loss occurs in the moment that people interact online (as compared to being alone, and as compared to interacting face-to-face), and whether these benefits/losses are moderated by the level of social resources. In addition, we will explore the effect of simultaneous online and face-to-face interaction on momentary affect.
Multigrid-based inversion for volumetric radar imaging with asteroid interior reconstruction as a potential application
Creators: name: Takala, Mika
name: Us, Defne
name: Pursiainen, Sampsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65M55, 35Q85, 92C55

description: This study concentrates on advancing mathematical and computational methodology for radar tomography imaging in which the unknown volumetric velocity distribution of a wave within a bounded domain is to be reconstructed. Our goal is to enable effective simulation and inversion of a large amount of full-wave data within a realistic 2D or 3D geometry. For propagating and inverting the wave, we present a rigorous multigrid-based forward approach which utilizes the finite-difference time-domain method and a nested finite element grid structure. Based on the multigrid approach, we introduce and validate a multiresolution algorithm which allows regularization of the unknown distribution through a coarse-to-fine inversion scheme. In this approach, sparse signals can be effectively inverted, as the coarse fluctuations are reconstructed before the finer ones. Furthermore, the number of nonzero entries in the system matrix can be compressed and thus the inversion procedure can be speeded up. As a test scenario we investigate satellite-based asteroid interior reconstruction. We use both full-wave and projected wave data and estimate the accuracy of the inversion under different error sources: noise and positioning inaccuracies. The results suggest that the present full-wave inversion approach allows recovering the interior with a single satellite recording backscattering data. It seems that robust results can be achieved, when the peak-to-peak signal-to-noise ratio is above 10 dB. Furthermore, it seems that reconstructing the deep interior can be enhanced if two satellites can be utilized in the measurements.
description: 12 pages
Analysis of quantum information processors using quantum metrology
Creators: name: Kandula, Mark J.
name: Kok, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physical implementations of quantum information processing devices are generally not unique, and we are faced with the problem of choosing the best implementation. Here, we consider the sensitivity of quantum devices to variations in their different components. To measure this, we adopt a quantum metrological approach, and find that the sensitivity of a device to variations in a component has a particularly simple general form. We use the concept of cost functions to establish a general practical criterion to decide between two different physical implementations of the same quantum device consisting of a variety of components. We give two practical examples of sensitivities of quantum devices to variations in beam splitter transmitivities: the KLM and Reverse nonlinear sign gates for linear optical quantum computing with photonic qubits, and the enhanced optical Bell detectors by Grice and Ewert & van Loock. We briefly compare the sensitivity to the diamond distance and find that the latter is less suited for studying the behaviour of components embedded within the larger quantum device.
description: 11 page, 6 figures, significantly expanded compared to version 1
The Pursuit of Uniqueness: Extending Valiant-Vazirani Theorem to the Probabilistic and Quantum Settings
Creators: name: Aharonov, Dorit
name: Ben-Or, Michael
name: Brandao, Fernando G. S. L.
name: Sattath, Or
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Valiant-Vazirani showed in 1985 [VV85] that solving NP with the promise that "yes" instances have only one witness is powerful enough to solve the entire NP class (under randomized reductions). We are interested in extending this result to the quantum setting. We prove extensions to the classes Merlin-Arthur MA and Quantum-Classical-Merlin-Arthur QCMA. Our results have implications for the complexity of approximating the ground state energy of a quantum local Hamiltonian with a unique ground state and an inverse polynomial spectral gap. We show that the estimation (to within polynomial accuracy) of the ground state energy of poly-gapped 1-D local Hamiltonians is QCMA-hard [AN02], under randomized reductions. This is in stark contrast to the case of constant gapped 1-D Hamiltonians, which is in NP [Has07]. Moreover, it shows that unless QCMA can be reduced to NP by randomized reductions, there is no classical description of the ground state of every poly-gapped local Hamiltonian that allows efficient calculation of expectation values. Finally, we discuss a few of the obstacles to the establishment of an analogous result to the class Quantum-Merlin-Arthur (QMA). In particular, we show that random projections fail to provide a polynomial gap between two witnesses.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures
Optical Signatures of Moiré Trapped Biexcitons
Creators: name: Brem, Samuel
name: Malic, Ermin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomically thin heterostructures formed by twisted transition metal dichalcogenides can be used to create periodic moiré patterns. The emerging moiré potential can trap interlayer excitons into arrays of strongly interacting bosons, which form a unique platform to study strongly correlated many-body states. In order to create and manipulate these exotic phases of matter, a microscopic understanding of exciton-exciton interactions and their manifestation in these systems becomes indispensable. Recent density-dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurements have revealed novel spectral features indicating the formation of trapped multi-exciton states providing important information about the interaction strength. In this work, we develop a microscopic theory to model the PL spectrum of trapped multi-exciton complexes focusing on the emission from moiré trapped single- and biexcitons. Based on an excitonic Hamiltonian we determine the properties of trapped biexcitons as function of twist angle and use these insights to predict the luminescence spectrum of moiré excitons for different densities. We demonstrate how side peaks resulting from transitions to excited states and a life time analysis can be utilized as indicators for moiré trapped biexcitons and provide crucial information about the excitonic interaction strength.
Stochastic n-point D-bifurcations of stochastic Lévy flows and their complexity on finite spaces
Creators: name: da Costa, Paulo Henrique
name: Högele, Michael A.
name: Ruffino, Paulo R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37H20, 60J10 (93E03)

description: This article refines the classical notion of a stochastic D-bifurcation to the respective family of n-point motions for homogeneous Markovian stochastic semiflows, such as stochastic Brownian flows of homeomorphisms, and their generalizations. This notion essentially detects at which level $k\leq n$ the support of the invariant measure of the k-point bifurcation has more than one connected component. Stochastic Brownian flows and their invariant measures which were shown by Kunita (1990) to be rigid, in the sense of being uniquely determined by the $1$-and $2$-point motions, and hence only stochastic n-point bifurcation of level $n=1$ or $n=2$ can occur. For general homogeneous stochastic Markov semiflows this turns out to be false. This article constructs minimal examples of where this rigidity is false in general on finite space and studies the complexity of the resulting n-point bifurcations.
description: 31 pages
Tetrahedral modular graph functions
Creators: name: Kleinschmidt, Axel
name: Verschinin, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The low-energy expansion of one-loop amplitudes in type II string theory generates a series of world-sheet integrals whose integrands can be represented by world-sheet Feynman diagrams. These integrands are modular invariant and understanding the structure of the action of the modular Laplacian on them is important for determining their contribution to string scattering amplitudes. In this paper we study a particular infinite family of such integrands associated with three-loop scalar vacuum diagrams of tetrahedral topology and find closed forms for the action of the Laplacian. We analyse the possible eigenvalues and degeneracies of the Laplace operator by group- and representation-theoretic means.
description: 40 pages. v2: reference added. Version published in JHEP
DESIRE-ME: Domain-Enhanced Supervised Information REtrieval using Mixture-of-Experts
Creators: name: Kasela, Pranav
name: Pasi, Gabriella
name: Perego, Raffaele
name: Tonellotto, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Open-domain question answering requires retrieval systems able to cope with the diverse and varied nature of questions, providing accurate answers across a broad spectrum of query types and topics. To deal with such topic heterogeneity through a unique model, we propose DESIRE-ME, a neural information retrieval model that leverages the Mixture-of-Experts framework to combine multiple specialized neural models. We rely on Wikipedia data to train an effective neural gating mechanism that classifies the incoming query and that weighs the predictions of the different domain-specific experts correspondingly. This allows DESIRE-ME to specialize adaptively in multiple domains. Through extensive experiments on publicly available datasets, we show that our proposal can effectively generalize domain-enhanced neural models. DESIRE-ME excels in handling open-domain questions adaptively, boosting by up to 12% in NDCG@10 and 22% in P@1, the underlying state-of-the-art dense retrieval model.
description: Accepted at the 46th European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR 2024)
Analyzing Web Behavior in Indoor Retail Spaces
Creators: name: Ren, Yongli
name: Tomko, Martin
name: Salim, Flora
name: Ong, Kevin
name: Sanderson, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3
subject: 68U35

description: We analyze 18 million rows of Wi-Fi access logs collected over a one year period from over 120,000 anonymized users at an inner-city shopping mall. The anonymized dataset gathered from an opt-in system provides users' approximate physical location, as well as Web browsing and some search history. Such data provides a unique opportunity to analyze the interaction between people's behavior in physical retail spaces and their Web behavior, serving as a proxy to their information needs. We find: (1) the use of Wi-Fi network maps the opening hours of the mall; (2) there is a weekly periodicity in users' visits to the mall; (3) around 60% of registered Wi-Fi users actively browse the Web and around 10% of them use Wi-Fi for accessing Web search engines; (4) people are likely to spend a relatively constant amount of time browsing the Web while their visiting duration may vary; (5) people tend to visit similar mall locations and Web content during their repeated visits to the mall; (6) the physical spatial context has a small but significant influence on the Web content that indoor users browse; (7) accompanying users tend to access resources from the same Web domains.
DISCERNING SPAM IN SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES
Creators: name: Yadav, Sarita
name: Aakanksha Saini
name: Akanksha Dhamija
name: Yoganta Narnauli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90609 Signal Processing
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Social Networking Sites, in the present scenario, are an amalgam of knowledge and spam. As their popularity surges among the users day by day so does it among the spammers looking at easy targets for their campaigns. The threat due to spams causing atrocious harm to the bandwidth, overloading the servers, spreading malicious pages online et cetera has increased manifold making it necessary for researchers to foray into this field of spam detection and reduce their effect on the various social networking sites.
In this paper, we propose a framework for spam detection in the two largest social networking sites namely, Twitter and Facebook. We’ll be utilizing the data publically available on these two giants of social networking era. Initially, we’ll be citing the various approaches that have already been explored in this field. After that we’ll briefly explain the two methods that we used to collect the datasets from these websites.
Caught in the rhythm: how satellites settle into a plane around their central galaxy
Creators: name: Welker, Charlotte
name: Dubois, Yohan
name: Pichon, Christophe
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Chisari, Elisa Nora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the cosmological hydrodynamics simulation Horizon-AGN, we investigate the spatial distribution of satellite galaxies relative to their central counterpart in the redshift range between 0.3 and 0.8. We find that, on average, these satellites tend to be located on the galactic plane of the central object. This effect is detected for central galaxies with a stellar mass larger than 10^10 solar masses and found to be strongest for red passive galaxies, while blue galaxies exhibit a weaker trend. For galaxies with a minor axis parallel to the direction of the nearest filament, we find that the coplanarity is stronger in the vicinity of the central galaxy, and decreases when moving towards the outskirts of the host halo. By contrast, the spatial distribution of satellite galaxies relative to their closest filament follows the opposite trend: their tendency to align with them dominates at large distances from the central galaxy, and fades away in its vicinity. Relying on mock catalogs of galaxies in that redshift range, we show that massive red centrals with a spin perpendicular to their filament also have corotating satellites well aligned with both the galactic plane and the filament. On the other hand, lower-mass blue centrals with a spin parallel to their filament have satellites flowing straight along this filament, and hence orthogonally to their galactic plane. The orbit of these satellites is then progressively bent towards a better alignment with the galactic plane as they penetrate the central region of their host halo. The kinematics previously described are consistent with satellite infall and spin build-up via quasi-polar flows, followed by a re-orientation of the spin of massive red galaxies through mergers.
description: 26 pages, 28 figures, 2 tables, submitted to A&A
A Search for Dark Matter Annihilation in Galaxy Groups
Creators: name: Lisanti, Mariangela
name: Mishra-Sharma, Siddharth
name: Rodd, Nicholas L.
name: Safdi, Benjamin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use 413 weeks of publicly-available $\textit{Fermi}$ Pass 8 gamma-ray data, combined with recently-developed galaxy group catalogs, to search for evidence of dark matter annihilation in extragalactic halos. In our study, we use luminosity-based mass estimates and mass-to-concentration relations to infer the $J$-factors and associated uncertainties for hundreds of galaxy groups within a redshift range $z \lesssim 0.03$. We employ a conservative substructure boost-factor model, which only enhances the sensitivity by an $\mathcal{O}(1)$ factor. No significant evidence for dark matter annihilation is found and we exclude thermal relic cross sections for dark matter masses below $\sim$30 GeV to 95% confidence in the $b\bar{b}$ annihilation channel. These bounds are comparable to those from Milky Way dwarf spheroidal satellite galaxies. The results of our analysis increase the tension, but do not rule out, the dark matter interpretation of the Galactic Center excess. We provide a catalog of the galaxy groups used in this study and their inferred properties, which can be broadly applied to searches for extragalactic dark matter.
description: 5+18 pages, 1+14 figures, catalog available at: https://github.com/bsafdi/DMCat; v2 updated to journal version with several updates, results and conclusions unchanged
Wick polynomials in non-commutative probability: A group-theoretical approach
Creators: name: Ebrahimi-Fard, Kurusch
name: Patras, Frédéric
name: Tapia, Nikolas
name: Zambotti, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Wick polynomials
subject: monotone cumulants
subject: free cumulants
subject: boolean cumulants
subject: formal power series
subject: combinatorial Hopf algebra
subject: shuffle algebra
subject: group actions
subject: 16T05
subject: 16T10
subject: 16T30

description: Wick polynomials and Wick products are studied in the context of non-commutative probability theory. It is shown that free, boolean and conditionally free Wick polynomials can be defined and related through the action of the group of characters over a particular Hopf algebra. These results generalize our previous developments of a Hopf algebraic approach to cumulants and Wick products in classical probability theory.
Gauged Supergravities
Creators: name: Trigiante, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a general review of extended supergravities and their gauging using the duality-covariant embedding tensor formalism. Although the focus is on four-dimensional theories, an overview of the gauging procedure and the related tensor hierarchy in the higher-dimensional models is given. The relation of gauged supergravities to flux compactifications is discussed and examples are worked out in detail.
description: Prepared for Physics Reports, 292 pages, LaTeX source plus 5 figures. With respect to version 6: corrections made in sections 2.3 and 5.1; typos corrected
title: Flowchart - Editorial Reference Handbook
Creators: name: Cranston, Molly
name: Taylor-Grant, Rebecca
name: MacCallum, Catriona
name: Nauleau, Pierre
name: Hufton, Andrew Lee
name: Smith, Abigail
name: Jones, Guy
name: Pulverer, Bernd
name: McNeice, Kiera
name: Dunkley, Libby
name: Lister, Allyson
name: Klebel, Thomas
name: Allen, Liz
name: Ross-Hellauer, Tony
name: Cannon, Matt
name: Osborne, Christopher
name: Cadwallader, Lauren
name: De Ranieri, Elisa
name: Hunter, Christopher
name: Hill, Annie
name: Leary, Adam
name: Sansone, Susanna-Assunta
name: Sonntag, Hannah
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Engineering
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: FAIR
subject: FAIRsharing
subject: Journals
subject: Publishers
subject: Reproducibility
subject: TIER2

description: The Flowchart component for the Editorial Reference Handbook. A downloadable visualisation overview that places the checks onto an idealised manuscript submission workflow, showing who should perform each check and when, along with a decision path to follow based on the outcome of each check.
Access the Handbook at https://publishers.fairassist.org/
ON OPTIMIZATION OF MANUFACTURING OF AN AMPLIFIER TO INCREASE DENSITY OF BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR FRAMEWORK THE AMPLIFIER
Creators: name: E.L. Pankratov
name: E.A. Bulaeva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90609 Signal Processing
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper we consider a possibility to increase density of bipolar heterotransistor framework an amplifier due to decreasing of their dimensions. The considered approach based on doping of required areas of heterostructure with specific configuration by diffusion or ion implantation. The doping finished by optimized annealing of dopant and/or radiation defects. Analysis of redistribution of dopant with account redistribution of radiation defects (after implantation of ions of dopant) for optimization of the above annealing have been done by using recently introduced analytical approach. The approach gives a possibility to analyze mass and heat transports in a heterostructure without crosslinking of solutions on interfaces between layers of the heterostructure with account nonlinearity of these transports and variation in time of their parameters
Partitioning of the Electron Correlation Energy
Creators: name: Jobunga, Eric Ouma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-electron correlation forms the basis of difficulties encountered in many-body problems. Accurate treatment of the correlation problem is likely to unravel some nice physical properties of matter embedded in this correlation. In an effort to tackle this many-body problem, an exact partition function for the correlation energy between two interacting states is proposed in this study. Using this partition function, a model potential for a two-electron system is derived. The model potential can accurately reproduce the singlet states of a singly excited neutral helium atom with one of its electrons frozen in the $1s$ orbital.
description: 4 pages
Lossless Image and Intra-frame Compression with Integer-to-Integer DST
Creators: name: Kamisli, Fatih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Video coding standards are primarily designed for efficient lossy compression, but it is also desirable to support efficient lossless compression within video coding standards using small modifications to the lossy coding architecture. A simple approach is to skip transform and quantization, and simply entropy code the prediction residual. However, this approach is inefficient at compression. A more efficient and popular approach is to skip transform and quantization but also process the residual block with DPCM, along the horizontal or vertical direction, prior to entropy coding. This paper explores an alternative approach based on processing the residual block with integer-to-integer (i2i) transforms. I2i transforms can map integer pixels to integer transform coefficients without increasing the dynamic range and can be used for lossless compression. We focus on lossless intra coding and develop novel i2i approximations of the odd type-3 DST (ODST-3). Experimental results with the HEVC reference software show that the developed i2i approximations of the ODST-3 improve lossless intra-frame compression efficiency with respect to HEVC version 2, which uses the popular DPCM method, by an average 2.7% without a significant effect on computational complexity.
description: Draft consisting of 16 pages
Stochastic and resolvable gravitational waves from ultralight bosons
Creators: name: Brito, Richard
name: Ghosh, Shrobana
name: Barausse, Enrico
name: Berti, Emanuele
name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Dvorkin, Irina
name: Klein, Antoine
name: Pani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultralight scalar fields around spinning black holes can trigger superradiant instabilities, forming a long-lived bosonic condensate outside the horizon. We use numerical solutions of the perturbed field equations and astrophysical models of massive and stellar-mass black hole populations to compute, for the first time, the stochastic gravitational-wave background from these sources. In optimistic scenarios the background is observable by Advanced LIGO and LISA for field masses $m_s$ in the range $\sim [2\times 10^{-13}, 10^{-12}]\,{\rm eV}$ and $\sim 5\times[ 10^{-19}, 10^{-16}]\,{\rm eV}$, respectively, and it can affect the detectability of resolvable sources. Our estimates suggest that an analysis of the stochastic background limits from LIGO O1 might already be used to marginally exclude axions with mass $\sim 10^{-12.5}{\rm eV}$. Semicoherent searches with Advanced LIGO (LISA) should detect $\sim 15~(5)$ to $200~(40)$ resolvable sources for scalar field masses $3\times 10^{-13}$ ($10^{-17}$) eV. LISA measurements of massive BH spins could either rule out bosons in the range $\sim [10^{-18}, 2\times 10^{-13}]$ eV, or measure $m_s$ with ten percent accuracy in the range $\sim[10^{-17}, 10^{-13}]$ eV.
description: 6 pages, 4 Figures; v2: small changes to match version published in Physical Review Letters
Coarse Cohomology with twisted Coefficients
Creators: name: Hartmann, Elisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51F30

description: To a coarse structure we associate a Grothendieck topology which is determined by coarse covers. A coarse map between coarse spaces gives rise to a morphism of Grothendieck topologies. This way we define sheaves and sheaf cohomology on coarse spaces. We obtain that sheaf cohomology is a functor on the coarse category: if two coarse maps are close they induce the same map in cohomology. There is a coarse version of a Mayer-Vietoris sequence and for every inclusion of coarse spaces there is a coarse version of relative cohomology. Cohomology with constant coefficients can be computed using the number of ends of a coarse space.
A finite temperature study of ideal quantum gases in the presence of one dimensional quasi-periodic potential
Creators: name: Roy, Nilanjan
name: Sinha, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermodynamics of ideal Bose gas as well as the transport properties of non interacting bosons and fermions in a one dimensional quasi-periodic potential, namely Aubry-André (AA) model at finite temperature. For bosons in finite size systems, the effect of quasi-periodic potential on the crossover phenomena corresponding to Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC), superfluidity and localization phenomena at finite temperatures are investigated. From the ground state number fluctuation we calculate the crossover temperature of BEC which exhibits a non monotonic behavior with the strength of AA potential and vanishes at the self-dual critical point following power law. Appropriate rescaling of the crossover temperatures reveals universal behavior which is studied for different quasi-periodicity of the AA model. Finally, we study the temperature and flux dependence of the persistent current of fermions in presence of a quasi-periodic potential to identify the localization at the Fermi energy from the decay of the current.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures
Equivariant $K$-homology for hyperbolic reflection groups
Creators: name: Lafont, Jean-François
name: Ortiz, Ivonne J.
name: Rahm, Alexander
name: Sánchez-García, Rubén J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We compute the equivariant $K$-homology of the classifying space for proper actions, for compact 3-dimensional hyperbolic reflection groups. This coincides with the topological $K$-theory of the reduced $C^\ast$-algebra associated to the group, via the Baum-Connes conjecture. We show that, for any such reflection group, the associated $K$-theory groups are torsion-free. As a result we can promote previous rational computations to integral compu- tations. Our proof relies on a new efficient algebraic criterion for checking torsion-freeness of K-theory groups, which could be applied to many other classes of groups.
description: 29 pages (main text and bibliography) plus appendices (28 pages) Minor revisions
Extraction optimization, total phenolic, flavonoid contents, HPLC-DAD analysis and diverse pharmacological evaluations of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants
Creators: name: Tanzeel Zohra
name: Ovais, Muhammad
name: Khalil, Ali Talha
name: Qasim, Muhammad
name: Ayaz, Muhammad
name: Zabta Khan Shinwari
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The present study aims to evaluate phytochemical and pharmacological potentials of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants previously known as Chenopodium ambrosioides L. Extraction was carried out using 14 solvents with wide range of polarity to find out the best solvent system for each bioactivity. Total phenolic and flavonoids contents were measured colorimetrically and polyphenolics were quantified via HPLC-DAD analysis. The samples were screened for inhibitory potentials against free radicals, leishmania, cancer cell lines, protein kinase, α-Amylase enzymes and microbial strains. Among all solvents, maximum percentage of extract was recovered from methanol-water fraction of leaves. HPLC analysis exhibited the presence of rutin, myricetin and quercetin. In DPPH assay, methanolic leaf extract exhibited IC50 value of 130.7 ± 0.57 μg/mL. Considerable α-amylase inhibitory, cytotoxic, leishmanicidal and antimicrobial potentials were exhibited by plant samples. D. ambrosioides revealed significant antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial and anti-diabetic potentials and thus warrant further detailed studies to find novel drugs.
Singularities of Floquet Scattering and Tunneling
Creators: name: Landa, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quasi-bound states and scattering with short range potentials in three dimensions, subject to an axial periodic driving. We find that poles of the scattering S-matrix can cross the real energy axis as a function of the drive amplitude, making the S-matrix nonanalytic at a singular point. For the corresponding quasi-bound states that can tunnel out of (or get captured within) a potential well, this results in a discontinuous jump in both the angular momentum and energy of emitted (absorbed) waves. We also analyze elastic and inelastic scattering of slow particles in the time dependent potential. For a drive amplitude at the singular point, there is a total absorption of incoming low energy (s-wave) particles and their conversion to high energy outgoing (mostly p-) waves. We examine the relation of such Floquet singularities, lacking in an effective time independent approximation, with well known "spectral singularities" (or "exceptional points"). These results are based on an analytic approach for obtaining eigensolutions of time-dependent periodic Hamiltonians with mixed cylindrical and spherical symmetry, and apply broadly to particles interacting via power law forces and subject to periodic fields, e.g. co-trapped ions and atoms.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures, this article supersedes arXiv:1506.08779
Pseudopotential for Many-Electron Atoms
Creators: name: Jobunga, Eric Ouma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-electron correlation forms the basis of difficulties encountered in multi-electron systems. Accurate treatment of the correlation problem is likely to unravel some nice physical properties of matter embedded in this correlation. In an effort to tackle this multi-electron problem, two complementary parameter-free pseudopotentials for $n$-electron atoms are suggested in this study. Using one of the pseudopotentials, near-exact values of the groundstate ionization potentials of helium, lithium, and berrylium atoms have been calculated. The other pseudopotential also proves to be capable of yielding reasonable and reliable ionization potentials within the non-relativistic quantum mechanics framework.
Gravitational wave searches for ultralight bosons with LIGO and LISA
Creators: name: Brito, Richard
name: Ghosh, Shrobana
name: Barausse, Enrico
name: Berti, Emanuele
name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Dvorkin, Irina
name: Klein, Antoine
name: Pani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultralight bosons can induce superradiant instabilities in spinning black holes, tapping their rotational energy to trigger the growth of a bosonic condensate. Possible observational imprints of these boson clouds include (i) direct detection of the nearly monochromatic (resolvable or stochastic) gravitational waves emitted by the condensate, and (ii) statistically significant evidence for the formation of "holes" at large spins in the spin versus mass plane (sometimes also referred to as "Regge plane") of astrophysical black holes. In this work, we focus on the prospects of LISA and LIGO detecting or constraining scalars with mass in the range $m_s\in [10^{-19},\,10^{-15}]$ eV and $m_s\in [10^{-14},\,10^{-11}]$ eV, respectively. Using astrophysical models of black-hole populations calibrated to observations and black-hole perturbation theory calculations of the gravitational emission, we find that, in optimistic scenarios, LIGO could observe a stochastic background of gravitational radiation in the range $m_s\in [2\times 10^{-13}, 10^{-12}]$ eV, and up to $10^4$ resolvable events in a $4$-year search if $m_s\sim 3\times 10^{-13}\,{\rm eV}$. LISA could observe a stochastic background for boson masses in the range $m_s\in [5\times 10^{-19}, 5\times 10^{-16}]$, and up to $\sim 10^3$ resolvable events in a $4$-year search if $m_s\sim 10^{-17}\,{\rm eV}$. LISA could further measure spins for black-hole binaries with component masses in the range $[10^3, 10^7]~M_\odot$, which is not probed by traditional spin-measurement techniques. A statistical analysis of the spin distribution of these binaries could either rule out scalar fields in the mass range $\sim [4 \times 10^{-18}, 10^{-14}]$ eV, or measure $m_s$ with ten percent accuracy if light scalars in the mass range $\sim [10^{-17}, 10^{-13}]$ eV exist.
description: 23 pages, 14 Figures, 4 Tables; v2: references added, small changes to match version published in Physical Review D
Bouncing cosmological solutions from f(R,T) gravity
Creators: name: Shabani, Hamid
name: Ziaie, Amir Hadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study classical bouncing solutions in the context of $f({\sf R},{\sf T})={\sf R}+h({\sf T})$ gravity in a flat {\sf FLRW} background using a perfect fluid as the only matter content. Our investigation is based on introducing an effective fluid through defining effective energy density and pressure; we call this reformulation as the "effective picture". These definitions have been already introduced to study the energy conditions in $f({\sf R},{\sf T})$ gravity. We examine various models to which different effective equations of state, corresponding to different $h({\sf T})$ functions, can be attributed. It is also discussed that one can link between an assumed $f({\sf R},{\sf T})$ model in the effective picture and the theories with generalized equation of state ({\sf EoS}). We obtain cosmological scenarios exhibiting a nonsingular bounce before and after which the Universe lives within a de-Sitter phase. We then proceed to find general solutions for matter bounce and investigate their properties. We show that the properties of bouncing solution in the effective picture of $f({\sf R},{\sf T})$ gravity are as follows: for a specific form of the $f({\sf R,T})$ function, these solutions are without any future singularities. Moreover, stability analysis of the nonsingular solutions through matter density perturbations revealed that except two of the models, the parameters of scalar-type perturbations for the other ones have a slight transient fluctuation around the bounce point and damp to zero or a finite value at late times. Hence these bouncing solutions are stable against scalar-type perturbations. It is possible that all energy conditions be respected by the real perfect fluid, however, the null and the strong energy conditions can be violated by the effective fluid near the bounce event.
description: 49 pages, 11 figures, one table