cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cygnus X-3 transition from the ultrasoft to the hard state
Creators: name: Beckmann, V.
name: Soldi, S.
name: Belanger, G.
name: Brandt, S.
name: Caballero-Garcia, M. D.
name: De Cesare, G.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Grebenev, S.
name: Vilhu, O.
name: von Kienlin, A.
name: Courvoisier, T. J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: The nature of Cygnus X-3 is still not understood well. This binary system might host a black hole or a neutron star. Recent observations by INTEGRAL have shown that Cygnus X-3 was again in an extremely ultrasoft state. Here we present our analysis of the transition from the ultrasoft state, dominated by blackbody radiation at soft X-rays plus non-thermal emission in the hard X-rays, to the low hard state. Methods: INTEGRAL observed Cyg X-3 six times during three weeks in late May and early June 2007. Data from IBIS/ISGRI and JEM-X1 were analysed to show the spectral transition. Results: During the ultrasoft state, the soft X-ray spectrum is well-described by an absorbed (NH = 1.5E22 1/cm**2) black body model, whereas the X-ray spectrum above 20 keV appears to be extremely low and hard (Gamma = 1.7). During the transition, the radio flux rises to a level of >1 Jy, and the soft X-ray emission drops by a factor of 3, while the hard X-ray emission rises by a factor of 14 and becomes steeper (up to Gamma = 4). Conclusions: The ultrasoft state apparently precedes the emission of a jet, which is apparent in the radio and hard X-ray domain.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication as A&A Research Note
A Novel Approach to Detect Phishing Attacks using Binary Visualisation and Machine Learning
Creators: name: Barlow, Luke
name: Bendiaby, Gueltoum
name: Shiaelesy, Stavros
name: Savage, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Protecting and preventing sensitive data from being used inappropriately has become a challenging task. Even a small mistake in securing data can be exploited by phishing attacks to release private information such as passwords or financial information to a malicious actor. Phishing has now proven so successful; it is the number one attack vector. Many approaches have been proposed to protect against this type of cyber-attack, from additional staff training, enriched spam filters to large collaborative databases of known threats such as PhishTank and OpenPhish. However, they mostly rely upon a user falling victim to an attack and manually adding this new threat to the shared pool, which presents a constant disadvantage in the fightback against phishing. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to protect against phishing attacks using binary visualisation and machine learning. Unlike previous work in this field, our approach uses an automated detection process and requires no further user interaction, which allows a faster and more accurate detection process. The experiment results show that our approach has a high detection rate
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
The total mass and dark halo properties of the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Bekki, Kenji
name: Stanimirovic, Snezana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the total mass and dark halo properties of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) for reasonable $V$-band stellar-to-mass-to-light ratios ($M_{\rm s}/L_{\rm V}$) based on the high-resolution neutral hydrogen (HI) observations of the SMC. We adopt both the Burkert and the NFW profiles for the dark matter halo of the SMC in order to model the radial profile of the observed rotation curve. We show that the mass ($M_{\rm dm}$) and the mean density ($ρ_{\rm dm}$) of the dark matter halo within the optical radius ($\sim 3$ kpc) of the SMC can be significantly low for $M_{\rm s}/L_{\rm V}=2-4$ reasonable for a galaxy dominated by older stellar populations. For example, the estimated $M_{\rm dm}$ and $ρ_{\rm dm}$ are $7.5 \times 10^7 {\rm M}_{\odot}$ and $6.7 \times 10^{-4} {\rm M}_{\odot}$ pc$^{-3}$, respectively, for $M_{\rm s}/L_{\rm V} = 3.8$. The models with lower $M_{\rm s}/L_{\rm V}$ ($<1.0$) can show higher $M_{\rm dm}$ and $ρ_{\rm dm}$ yet have difficulties in reproducing the inner rotation curve profile both for the Burkert and the NFW profiles. The Burkert profile with a larger core radius ($>1$ kpc) (thus a low density) and a large mass (${\rm M}_{\rm dm} > 3 \times 10^9 {\rm M}_{\odot}$) can be better fit to the observed slowly rising rotation curve than the NFW one for a reasonable $M_{\rm s}/L_{\rm V} \sim2$. This means that most of the dark halo mass can be initially located outside the optical radius in the SMC and thus that the dark halo would have already lost a significant fraction of its original mass due to the strong tidal interactions with the Galaxy and possibly with the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC).
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Poles of regular quaternionic functions
Creators: name: Stoppato, Caterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30G35 (30D30)

description: This paper studies the singularities of Cullen-regular functions of one quaternionic variable. The quaternionic Laurent series prove to be Cullen-regular. The singularities of Cullen-regular functions are thus classified as removable, essential or poles. The quaternionic analogues of meromorphic complex functions, called semiregular functions, turn out to be quotients of Cullen-regular functions with respect to an appropriate division operation. This allows a detailed study of the poles and their distribution.
description: 14 pages
The star-forming content of the W3 giant molecular cloud
Creators: name: Moore, T J T
name: Bretherton, D E
name: Fujiyoshi, T
name: Ridge, N A
name: Allsopp, J
name: Hoare, M G
name: Lumsden, S L
name: Richer, J S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have surveyed a ~0.9-square-degree area of the W3 giant molecular cloud and star-forming region in the 850-micron continuum, using the SCUBA bolometer array on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. A complete sample of 316 dense clumps was detected with a mass range from around 13 to 2500 Msun. Part of the W3 GMC is subject to an interaction with the HII region and fast stellar winds generated by the nearby W4 OB association. We find that the fraction of total gas mass in dense, 850-micron traced structures is significantly altered by this interaction, being around 5% to 13% in the undisturbed cloud but ~25 - 37% in the feedback-affected region. The mass distribution in the detected clump sample depends somewhat on assumptions of dust temperature and is not a simple, single power law but contains significant structure at intermediate masses. This structure is likely to be due to crowding of sources near or below the spatial resolution of the observations. There is little evidence of any difference between the index of the high-mass end of the clump mass function in the compressed region and in the unaffected cloud. The consequences of these results are discussed in terms of current models of triggered star formation.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 1 table (full source table available on request). Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (Main Journal)
Measurement System of the Temporomandibulares Joint
Creators: name: de Carvalho, André de Sollon
name: dos Santos, Eduardo Ferro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Temporomandibular Joint
Mandibular Deviation

description: Opening and closing the mouth is one of the most important biomechanical movements of the human being, being one of the first to be performed even before birth. This movement is accomplished by a set joint called the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ). Their dysfunction causes a number of problems always accompanied by pain, in which much of the world population have disorders in this system, requiring the search for treatment. Their dysfunction causes a number of problems always accompanied by pain, in which much of the world population have disorders in this system, requiring the search for treatment. In this way, this work contributes to varieties of knowledge, clarification, and care of patients suffering from temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD), with its main objective, the construction of a device able to measure and diagnose abnormalities during the biomechanical movement of the opening and closing the mouth, through a low-cost imaging system and easy to handle.
Supplementary material; Filament rotations; Original micrograph files from Geometric frustration in the myosin superlattice of vertebrate muscle
Creators: name: Millane, Rick P.
name: Wojtas, David H.
name: Hong Yoon, Chun
name: Blakeley, Nicholas D.
name: Bones, Philip J.
name: Goyal, Abhishek
name: Squire, John M.
name: Luther, Pradeep K.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biophysics

description: Description of data collection and processing and individual micrographs and correlation plots; Excel file containing the filament rotations for each micrograph; 15 files containing the original micrograph images in tiff format
Population differentiation of two Thai fragrant rice landraces revealed by SSR marker analysis
Creators: name: Preecha Prathepha
name: Srisa-Ard, Kitti
Publisher: name: Genetics Society of Thailand
Year: 2014
Subjects: rice, betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (badh2), microsatellite marker

description: 3, 7, Thai Journal of Genetics
title: К вопросу о дополнительных уголовно-процессуальных гарантиях прав лиц, относящихся к коренным малочисленным народам
title: On Additional Criminal Law Guarantees for Persons Belonging to Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples
Creators: name: Гребнева, Наталья Николаевна
name: Рябоконев, Сергей Иванович
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2021

description: Авторы обосновывают позицию введения в уголовно-процессуальное законодательство России некоторых особых правил уголовного судопроизводства в отношении коренных малочисленных народов. Предлагается внести дополнение в ч. 3 ст. 80 Уголовно-процессуально кодекса Российской Федерации, устанавливающее необходимость получения заключения специалиста по вопросу ведения представителем коренного малочисленного народа традиционного образа жизни. Определяется порядок создания реестра специалистов, уполномоченных давать такие заключения. В процессе исследования использованы эмпирические и теоретические методы: анализ имеющихся в научной литературе точек зрения на некоторые особенности уголовной ответственности представителей коренных малочисленных народов; сопоставление и сравнение норм гражданского и уголовного судопроизводства; наблюдение; анализ статистики и материалов конкретных уголовных дел. Исследование позволило выявить проблему необоснованного уголовного преследования в отношении лиц, относящихся к коренным малочисленным народам, ведущих традиционный образ жизни; всесторонне проанализировать ситуацию; предложить решение выявленной проблемы.
description: The authors substantiate the position of introducing into the criminal procedure legislation of Russia some special rules of criminal proceedings concerning indigenous small-numbered peoples. It is proposed to make an addition to part 3 of Article 80 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, which establishes the need to obtain an expert opinion on a traditional way of life by a representative of indigenous small-numbered peoples. The procedure for creating a register of specialists authorized to give such opinions is determined. The study used empirical and theoretical methods such as analysis of the points of view available in the scientific literature on some features of the criminal liability of representatives of indigenous peoples; comparison of the norms of civil and criminal proceedings; observation; analysis of statistics and materials of specific criminal cases. The study made it possible to identify the problem of unjustified criminal prosecution against persons belonging to indigenous minorities, leading a traditional way of life, as well as to comprehensively analyze the situation and offer a solution to the identified problem.
The Fate of Young Radio Galaxies: Decelerations Inside Host Galaxies?
Creators: name: Kawakatu, Nozomu
name: Nagai, Hiroshi
name: Kino, Motoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the evolution of variously-sized radio galaxies [i.e., compact symmetric objects (CSOs), medium-size symmetric objects (MSOs), Fanaroff-Riley type II radio galaxies (FRIIs)], by comparing the relation between the hot spot size and the projected linear size with a coevolution model of hot spots and a cocoon. We take account of the deceleration effect by the cocoon head growth. We find that the advance speed of hot spots and lobes inevitably show the deceleration phase (CSO-MSO phase) and the acceleration phase (MSO-FRII phase). This is ascribed to the change of the power-law index of ambient density profile in the MSO phase ($\sim $1 kpc). It is also found that the cocoon shape becomes nearly spherical or disrupted for MSOs, while an elongated morphology is predicted for CSOs and FRIIs. This seems to be consistent with the higher fraction of distorted morphology of MSOs than that of CSOs and FRI. Finally, we predict that only CSOs whose initial advance speed is higher than about 0.1c can evolve into FRIIs, comparing the hot spot speed with the sound speed of the ambient medium.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ; Table 1 and Table 2 are available at http://yso.mtk.nao.ac.jp/~kawakatu/Kawakatu08.pdf
Asymptotic data analysis on manifolds
Creators: name: Hendriks, Harrie
name: Landsman, Zinoviy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62H11 (Primary) 62G10, 62G15, 53A07 (Secondary)

description: Given an m-dimensional compact submanifold $\mathbf{M}$ of Euclidean space $\mathbf{R}^s$, the concept of mean location of a distribution, related to mean or expected vector, is generalized to more general $\mathbf{R}^s$-valued functionals including median location, which is derived from the spatial median. The asymptotic statistical inference for general functionals of distributions on such submanifolds is elaborated. Convergence properties are studied in relation to the behavior of the underlying distributions with respect to the cutlocus. An application is given in the context of independent, but not identically distributed, samples, in particular, to a multisample setup.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053606000000993 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Ectatosticta deltshevi Platnick & Jaeger 2009, sp. n.
Creators: name: Platnick, Norman
name: Jaeger, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Hypochilidae
Ectatosticta
Ectatosticta deltshevi

description: Ectatosticta deltshevi sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: FF9F3FC8-8CB0-4912-9D8E-75EA18F2E57E Ectatosticta davidi (misidentification): Li and Zhu 1984: 510, figs. a-g. Forster et al. 1987: 23, figs. 6-16, 18-20, 23-24, 31-36, 78-82. Song et al. 1999: 41, figs. 11D, 17Q-T. Hu 2001: 69, figs. 1.1-6. Song et al. 2001: 64, figs. 24A-E. Type. Male holotype from Huangyuan County, Qinghai Province, China, 15.IX.1984, Z.S. Li leg., deposited in IZCAS . Etymology. The specific name is a patronym in honor of Dr Christo Deltshev. Diagnosis. Males of E. deltshevi can be distinguished by the form of the specialized setae situated distally on the retrolateral ledge of the palpal tibia, as detailed above, and by the distally more sharply angled embolus (Forster et al. 1987: fig. 79). Females have the inner pair of spermathecae shorter, less robust, and distally less sclerotized than in E. davidi. Male. Described by Forster et al. (1987: 23), as E. davidi. Female. Described by Forster et al. (1987: 23), as E. davidi. Other material examined. CHINA: Qinghai: Huangyuan County, Sept. 10, 1983 (Z.S. Li, AMNH), 1♁, 1♀, Sept. 15, 1984 (Z.S. Li, IZCAS), 2♁, 3♀. Distribution. Known with certainty only from Huangyuan County, Qinghai Province, China. A juvenile taken at an elevation of 2300-2700 m in Beishan National Park, 120 km NE Xining City, Qinghai Province, China, 36°56’N, 102°29’E, 23.V – 8.VI.1996, J. Martens leg. (SMF) may also belong to this species (Fig. 6).
description: Published as part of Platnick, Norman & Jaeger, Peter, 2009, A new species of the basal araneomorph spider genus Ectatosticta, pp. 209-215 in ZooKeys 16 (16) on page 214, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.16.231, http://zenodo.org/record/576482
description: {"references": ["Li ZS, Zhu CD (1984) Ectatosticta davidi (Simon, 1888) of China (Araneae: Hypochilidae). Journal of Norman Bethune Medical University 10: 510.", "Forster RR, Platnick NI, Gray MR (1987) A review of the spider superfamilies Hypochiloidea and Austrochiloidea (Araneae, Araneomorphae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 185: 1 - 116.", "Song DX, Zhu MS, Chen J (1999) The spiders of China. Hebei Science and Technology Publishing House, Shijiazhuang, 640 pp.", "Hu JL (2001) Spiders in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. Henan Science and Technology Publishing House, Henan, 658 pp.", "Song DX, Zhu MS, Chen J (2001) The fauna of Hebei, China: Araneae. Hebei Science and Technology Publishing House, Shijiazhuang, 508 pp."]}
Structural studies of Escherichia coli K26 and K46-50 using chemical and microbiological methods
Creators: name: Beynon, Linda M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The capsular polysaccharides of Escherichia coli are immunogenic and antigenic. When conjugated to a carrier protein these polysaccharides can be used as vaccines. A knowledge of the structure of bacterial capsular polysaccharides is essential for understanding antibody-antigen interaction and also for understanding the chemical basis of serological differentiation. For these reasons structural studies of some E. coli capsular polysaccharides are being undertaken in this laboratory. In this thesis a preliminary investigation into the structures of capsular polysaccharides from E. coli serotypes K/46, K/47, K/48, K49 and K50 is presented. The qualitative composition of each polysaccharide was determined by varying the hydrolytic conditions used to cleave the glycosidic bonds between the monosaccharide units. Table I shows the sugars present in each capsular polysaccharide. [Table Omitted] The ratio of the sugars in each polysaccharide was determined using methanolysis followed by reduction with sodium borohydride. The presence of amino sugars was confirmed by deamination of the hydrolyzed polysaccharide and detection of the product by g.l.c. G.l.c.-m.s., of the alditol acetates of the monosaccharides obtained by hydrolysis of the polysaccharides, was used to confirm the type of monsaccharide. present in each polysaccharide, ₁H-N.m.r. spectroscopy was utilized to confirm the presence of deoxy sugars, amino sugars and non-carbohydrate substituents. E. coli K47 and K50 capsular polysaccharides were both found to have pyruvate present as a substituent. A bacteriophage was isolated from sewage for each of E. coli K47, K48 and K49 serotypes. Phage 47 also attacked E. coli K48 and K49 bacteria. The structure of E. coli K26 capsular polysaccharide was investigated using the techniques of acid hydrolysis, carbodiimide reduction and methanolysis followed by reduction with sodium borohydride. The polysaccharide was degraded using a bacteriophage-borne glycanase. The position of cleavage found by methylation of the reduced oligosaccharide. Combination of the data obtained from the chemical analysis, n.m.r spectroscopy and the bacteriophage degradation gave the two following possible structures for the E. coli K26 capsular polysaccharide. [Formula Omitted]
Spectral method for matching exterior and interior elliptic problems
Creators: name: Boronski, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 45B05; 34B27; 35J05; 65N35; 31A05

description: A spectral method is described for solving coupled elliptic problems on an interior and an exterior domain. The method is formulated and tested on the two-dimensional interior Poisson and exterior Laplace problems, whose solutions and their normal derivatives are required to be continuous across the interface. A complete basis of homogeneous solutions for the interior and exterior regions, corresponding to all possible Dirichlet boundary values at the interface, are calculated in a preprocessing step. This basis is used to construct the influence matrix which serves to transform the coupled boundary conditions into conditions on the interior problem. Chebyshev approximations are used to represent both the interior solutions and the boundary values. A standard Chebyshev spectral method is used to calculate the interior solutions. The exterior harmonic solutions are calculated as the convolution of the free-space Green's function with a surface density; this surface density is itself the solution to an integral equation which has an analytic solution when the boundary values are given as a Chebyshev expansion. Properties of Chebyshev approximations insure that the basis of exterior harmonic functions represents the external near-boundary solutions uniformly. The method is tested by calculating the electrostatic potential resulting from charge distributions in a rectangle. The resulting influence matrix is well-conditioned and solutions converge exponentially as the resolution is increased. The generalization of this approach to three-dimensional problems is discussed, in particular the magnetohydrodynamic equations in a finite cylindrical domain surrounded by a vacuum.
Non-perturbative vacuum-polarization effects in proton-laser collisions
Creators: name: Di Piazza, A.
name: Hatsagortsyan, K. Z.
name: Keitel, C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the collision of a high-energy proton beam and a strong laser field, merging of the laser photons can occur due to the polarization of vacuum. The probability of photon merging is calculated by accounting exactly for the laser field and presents a highly non-perturbative dependence on the laser intensity and frequency. It is shown that the non-perturbative vacuum-polarization effects can be experimentally measured by combining the next-generation of table-top petawatt lasers with presently available proton accelerators.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Operator scaling dimensions and multifractality at measurement-induced transitions
Creators: name: Zabalo, Aidan
name: Gullans, Michael J.
name: Wilson, Justin H.
name: Vasseur, Romain
name: Ludwig, Andreas W. W.
name: Gopalakrishnan, Sarang
name: Huse, David A.
name: Pixley, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Repeated local measurements of quantum many body systems can induce a phase transition in their entanglement structure. These measurement-induced phase transitions (MIPTs) have been studied for various types of dynamics, yet most cases yield quantitatively similar values of the critical exponents, making it unclear if there is only one underlying universality class. Here, we directly probe the properties of the conformal field theories governing these MIPTs using a numerical transfer-matrix method, which allows us to extract the effective central charge, as well as the first few low-lying scaling dimensions of operators at these critical points. Our results provide convincing evidence that the generic and Clifford MIPTs for qubits lie in different universality classes and that both are distinct from the percolation transition for qudits in the limit of large onsite Hilbert space dimension. For the generic case, we find strong evidence of multifractal scaling of correlation functions at the critical point, reflected in a continuous spectrum of scaling dimensions.
description: (6 + 12) pages, (2 + 12) figures, (1 + 2) tables (Updated with published version)
Intelligent tit-for-tat in the iterated prisoner's dilemma game
Creators: name: Baek, Seung Ki
name: Kim, Beom Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We seek a route to the equilibrium where all the agents cooperate in the iterated prisoner's dilemma game on a two-dimensional plane, focusing on the role of tit-for-tat strategy. When a time horizon, within which a strategy can recall the past, is one time step, an equilibrium can be achieved as cooperating strategies dominate the whole population via proliferation of tit-for-tat. Extending the time horizon, we filter out poor strategies by simplified replicator dynamics and observe a similar evolutionary pattern to reach the cooperating equilibrium. In particular, the rise of a modified tit-for-tat strategy plays a central role, which implies how a robust strategy is adopted when provided with an enhanced memory capacity.
description: 9 pages, 14 figures
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SIMILES IN PERSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Creators: name: Azimbayeva, Nargiza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This cross-sectional study explores the use of similes in the Persian and Uzbek languages, aiming to provide a comparative analysis of their linguistic and cultural nuances. Similes, as a form of figurative language, play a significant role in conveying vivid imagery and cultural expressions. Through a systematic examination of similes in both Persian and Uzbek, this research aims to contribute to the understanding of the linguistic and cultural aspects of these two languages. This scientific article presents a cross-sectional study that investigates the usage and characteristics of similes in the Persian and Uzbek languages. Similes, as a linguistic phenomenon, play a crucial role in expressing abstract concepts and enriching the cultural and literary heritage of a language. The study aims to identify patterns, similarities, and differences in the use of similes in Persian and Uzbek, shedding light on the cultural and linguistic aspects that shape these expressions.
Spectroscopy of Molecules and Molecular Complexes Inside Helium Nanodroplets
Creators: name: Mugglestone, Martin
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The contents of this thesis is concentrated on probing molecules and molecular clusters in helium nanodroplets (HeDs) via infrared depletion laser spectroscopy. Absorption of the incident IR radiation by molecules and molecular clusters inside HeDs results in evaporative loss of helium atoms from the droplet. This loss reduces the ionization cross-section of the droplet and causes a depletion in the ion signal, which is reflected in the mass spectra. This mass selectivity was used to aid with the assignment of individual IR bands to specific sizes of molecular clusters. This method was taken to record IR spectra of CsI(CH3OH)n for n = 1-3. The collected data in conjunction with computational calculations provides evidence for n = 1-3 the formation of the global minimum geometry possessing an increasing number of ionic hydrogen bonds as the cluster size increases. These hydrogen bonds are between the hydroxyl group and the iodine atom, with the CsI salt existing in the contact ion-pair state for all cluster sizes. In addition, the IR depletion spectra of propargyl alcohol clusters in HeDs has been presented. It was discovered that the spectra of propargyl alcohol dimers in HeDs confirms a previously unseen, high energy -C≡C-H---O hydrogen bond interaction between the two monomer units. This finding is completely different from previous gas phase studies that observed a cyclic structure that possessed O-H---O and O-H---π bond contacts. Finally, the first study of propargylamine clusters is reported. Similar to the propargyl alcohol data, the conformers assigned as the spectral carrier of the dimer and trimer spectra collected in HeDs was deemed to possess -C≡C-H---N interactions. Dimers with this binding motif are generally higher in energy and differ from the predicted global minimum, which is cyclic in nature.
Scalar field confinement as a model for accreting systems
Creators: name: Megevand, Miguel
name: Olabarrieta, Ignacio
name: Lehner, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility to localize scalar field configurations as a model for black hole accretion. We analyze and resolve difficulties encountered when localizing scalar fields in General Relativity. We illustrate this ability with a simple spherically symmetric model which can be used to study features of accreting shells around a black hole. This is accomplished by prescribing a scalar field with a coordinate dependent potential. Numerical solutions to the Einstein-Klein-Gordon equations are shown, where a scalar filed is indeed confined within a region surrounding a black hole. The resulting spacetime can be described in terms of simple harmonic time dependence.
description: 18 pages; accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Geometry of plane sections of the infinite regular skew polyhedron {4,6|4}
Creators: name: De Leo, Roberto
name: Dynnikov, Ivan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R30, 52B99, 28A80

description: The asymptotic behavior of open plane sections of triply periodic surfaces is dictated, for an open dense set of plane directions, by an integer second homology class of the three-torus. The dependence of this homology class on the direction can have a rather rich structure, leading in special cases to a fractal. In this paper we present in detail the results for the skew polyhedron {4,6|4} and in particular we show that in this case a fractal arises and that such a fractal can be generated through an elementary algorithm, which in turn allows us to verify for this case a conjecture of S.P.Novikov that such fractals have zero measure.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
Electroweak corrections to hadronic production of W bosons at large transverse momenta
Creators: name: Kuhn, Johann H.
name: Kulesza, A.
name: Pozzorini, S.
name: Schulze, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To match the precision of present and future measurements of W-boson production at hadron colliders electroweak radiative corrections must be included in the theory predictions. In this paper we consider their effect on the transverse momentum (p_T) distribution of W bosons, with emphasis on large p_T. We evaluate the full electroweak O(alpha) corrections to the processes pp -> W+jet and p\bar p -> W+jet including virtual and real photonic contributions. We present the explicit expressions in analytical form for the virtual corrections and provide results for the real corrections, discussing in detail the treatment of soft and collinear singularities. We also provide compact approximate expressions which are valid in the high-energy region, where the electroweak corrections are strongly enhanced by logarithms of \hat{s}/M_W^2. These expressions describe the complete asymptotic behaviour at one loop as well as the leading and next-to-leading logarithms at two loops. Numerical results are presented for proton-proton collisions at 14 TeV and proton-antiproton collisions at 2 TeV. The corrections are negative and their size increases with p_T. At the LHC, where transverse momenta of 2 TeV or more can be reached, the one- and two-loop corrections amount up to -40% and +10%, respectively, and will be important for a precise analysis of W production. At the Tevatron, transverse momenta up to 300 GeV are within reach. In this case the electroweak corrections amount up to -10% and are thus larger than the expected statistical error.
description: 61 pages. Various modifications: detailed discussion of final-state singularities and comments on NNLO, W/Z emission, QED effects in PDFs. Results unchanged. To appear in Nucl. Phys. B
Origin and evolution of magnetars
Creators: name: Ferrario, Lilia
name: Wickramasinghe, D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a population synthesis study of the observed properties of the magnetars, which allows for X-ray selection effects, investigating the hypothesis that they are drawn from a population of progenitors that are more massive than those of the normal radio pulsars. We assume that the anomalous X-ray emission is caused by the decay of a toroidal or tangled up field that does not partake in the spin down of the star. We find that we can explain the observed properties, such as the period and field distributions and the Period - Period derivative diagram, if we suitably parametrise the time evolution of the anomalous X-ray luminosity as an exponentially decaying function of time. The magnetic flux of the neutron stars is required to be a strong function of the progenitor mass with the magnetars arising from the mass range 20-45 solar masses. Unlike with the radio pulsars, the magnetars only weakly constrain the birth spin period, due to their rapid spin-down. Our model predicts a birthrate of about 0.15-0.3 per century.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in the MNRAS (letters)
Blazar Duty-Cycle at gamma-ray Frequecies: Constraints from Extragalactic Background Radiation and Prospects for AGILE and GLAST
Creators: name: Pittori, Carlotta
name: Cavazzuti, Elisabetta
name: Colafrancesco, Sergio
name: Giommi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take into account the constraints from the observed extragalactic gamma-ray background to estimate the maximum duty cycle allowed for a selected sample of WMAP Blazars, in order to be detectable by AGILE and GLAST gamma-ray experiments. For the nominal sensitivity values of both instruments, we identify a subset of sources which can in principle be detectable also in a steady state without over-predicting the extragalactic background. This work is based on the results of a recently derived Blazar radio LogN-LogS obtained by combining several multi-frequency surveys.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables. Proceedings of: "The Multi-Messenger Approach to High-Energy Gamma-Ray Sources" (Barcelona 2006)
Cryogen-free scanning gate microscope for the characterization of Si/Si$_{0.7}$Ge$_{0.3}$ quantum devices at milli-Kelvin temperatures
Creators: name: Oh, Seong Woo
name: Denisov, Artem O.
name: Chen, Pengcheng
name: Petta, Jason R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicon can be isotopically enriched, allowing for the fabrication of highly coherent semiconductor spin qubits. However, the conduction band of bulk Si exhibits a six-fold valley degeneracy, which may adversely impact the performance of silicon quantum devices. To date, the spatial characterization of valley states in Si remains limited. Moreover, techniques for probing valley states in functional electronic devices are needed. We describe here a cryogen-free scanning gate microscope for the characterization of Si/Si$_{0.7}$Ge$_{0.3}$ quantum devices at mK temperatures. The microscope is based on the Pan-walker design, with coarse positioning piezo stacks and a fine scanning piezo tube. A tungsten microscope tip is attached to a tuning fork for active control of the tip-to-sample distance. To reduce vibration noise from the pulse tube cooler, we utilize both active and passive vibration isolation mechanisms, and achieve a root-mean-square noise in $z$ of $\sim$ 2 nm. Our microscope is designed to characterize fully functioning Si/Si$_{0.7}$Ge$_{0.3}$ quantum devices. As a proof of concept, we use the microscope to manipulate the charge occupation of a Si quantum dot, opening up a range of possibilities for the exploration of quantum devices and materials.
title: Проблемы применения ДНК-теста в целях воссоединения семьи и репатриации
title: Problems of Using DNA Test for Family Reunification and Repatriation
Creators: name: Миролюбова, Светлана Юрьевна
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2021

description: ДНК-профилирование как часть биометрических систем идентификации личности вне медицинского контекста применяется государствами при решении вопроса о воссоединении семьи или репатриации. Однако использование генетического тестирования не исключает нарушения личных прав человека и выявляет новые проблемы защиты конфиденциальности в условиях прогресса IT-технологий.
В статье рассматриваются проблемы, связанные с защитой генетической информации, полученной в результате анализа ДНК; анализируются риски, связанные с прохождением генетического тестирования в целях воссоединения семьи или репатриации.
Автор приходит к выводу, что ДНК-тестирование в целях реализации права на воссоединении семьи следует проводить только в том случае, если исчерпаны другие способы получения информации, доказывающей родственные связи. Вместе с тем, если анализ ДНК может быть единственным доказательством биологической связи между родственниками, государствам следует поощрять проведение такого генетического тестирования максимально удобным способом и по приемлемой цене или бесплатно. При этом автор полагает, что метод ДНК-теста для установления этнической принадлежности в целях репатриации может привести не только к дискриминации по этническому принципу, но и иным неконтролируемым последствиям.
description: DNA profiling as part of biometric identification systems outside the medical context is used by states upon dealing with family reunification or repatriation. However, the use of genetic testing does not exclude the violation of personal human rights and opens up new problems of protecting confidentiality in the face of progress in IT technologies.
The article discusses the problems associated with the protection of genetic information obtained as a result of DNA analysis, investigates the risks associated with the genetic testing for family reunification or repatriation.
The author concludes that DNA testing in order to exercise the right to family reunification should be carried out only if other ways of obtaining information proving family ties have been exhausted. However, if DNA testing may be the only evidence of a biological link between relatives, then states should encourage such genetic testing to be carried out in the most convenient way and at an affordable price or free of charge. At the same time, the author believes that the DNA test method for establishing ethnicity for repatriation can lead not only to discrimination based on ethnicity but also to other uncontrollable consequences.
Subclose Families, Threshold Graphs, and the Weight Hierarchy of Grassmann and Schubert Codes
Creators: name: Ghorpade, Sudhir R.
name: Patil, Arunkumar R.
name: Pillai, Harish K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94B05; 05C07; 05C35; 14M15

description: We discuss the problem of determining the complete weight hierarchy of linear error correcting codes associated to Grassmann varieties and, more generally, to Schubert varieties in Grassmannians. The problem is partially solved in the case of Grassmann codes, and one of the solutions uses the combinatorial notion of a closed family. We propose a generalization of this to what is called a subclose family. A number of properties of subclose families are proved, and its connection with the notion of threshold graphs and graphs with maximum sum of squares of vertex degrees is outlined.
description: 11 pages
Kronos Philosophical Journal, vol.VII/2018
Creators: name: Nowak, Piotr
name: Wawrzyniec Rymkiewicz
name: Laks, André
name: Baracchi, Claudia
name: C.D.C. Reeve
name: Salem, Eric
name: Jean-Marc Narbonne
name: Ferber, Rafael
name: Corrigan, Kevin
name: Mendelsohn, Stephen
name: Ziguras, Jakob
name: Hankey, Wayne J.
name: Kamińska, Sonia
name: Love, Jeff
name: Meng, Michael
name: Sallis, John
name: Bogna J. Gladden­‍‐Obidzińska
name: Wildberg, Christian
name: Quandt, Kenneth
name: Indelicato, Alessandra Filannino
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Aristotle
Ancient Philosophy
Plato
Stanisław Szukalski
Franz Brentano
Plotinus
Presocratics
Ancient Greece
Enrico Berti
Polish Art

description: The annual Kronos Philosophical Journal was established in Warsaw in  2012. The papers presented in the annual might be of interest to the readers from outside Poland, allowing them to familiarize themselves with the dynamic thought of contemporary Polish authors, as well as entirely new topics, rarely discussed by English speaking authors.

Volume VII/2018 comprises papers on Aristotle and Ancient Philosophy as well as an introductory article presenting the outstanding work and life of Stanisław Szukalski, Polish visual artist, to the global reader.
Clock Transitions Guard Against Spin Decoherence in Singlet Fission
Creators: name: Lewis, Sina G.
name: Smyser, Kori E.
name: Eaves, Joel D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Short coherence times present a primary obstacle in quantum computing and sensing applications. In atomic systems, clock transitions (CTs), formed from avoided crossings in an applied Zeeman field, can substantially increase coherence times. We show how CTs can dampen intrinsic and extrinsic sources of quantum noise in molecules. Conical intersections between two periodic potentials form CTs in electron paramagnetic resonance experiments of the spin-polarized singlet fission photoproduct. We report on a pair of CTs for a two-chromophore molecule in terms of the Zeeman field strength, molecular orientation relative to the field, and molecular geometry.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures --- Submitted to Journal of Chemical Physics
Chaos synchronization of the master-slave generalized Lorenz systems via linear state error feedback control
Creators: name: Wu, Xiaofeng
name: Chen, Guanrong
name: Cai, Jianping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper provides a unified method for analyzing chaos synchronization of the generalized Lorenz systems. The considered synchronization scheme consists of identical master and slave generalized Lorenz systems coupled by linear state error variables. A sufficient synchronization criterion for a general linear state error feedback controller is rigorously proven by means of linearization and Lyapunov's direct methods. When a simple linear controller is used in the scheme, some easily implemented algebraic synchronization conditions are derived based on the upper and lower bounds of the master chaotic system. These criteria are further optimized to improve their sharpness. The optimized criteria are then applied to four typical generalized Lorenz systems, i.e. the classical Lorenz system, the Chen system, the Lv system and a unified chaotic system, obtaining precise corresponding synchronization conditions. The advantages of the new criteria are revealed by analytically and numerically comparing their sharpness with that of the known criteria existing in the literature.
description: 61 pages, 15 figures, 1 table
RNAflow: An Effective and Simple RNA-Seq Differential Gene Expression Pipeline Using Nextflow
Creators: name: Lataretu, Marie
name: Hölzer, Martin
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: RNA-Seq
subject: workflow
subject: Nextflow pipeline
subject: differential gene expression analysis
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: RNA-Seq enables the identification and quantification of RNA molecules, often with the aim of detecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Although RNA-Seq evolved into a standard technique, there is no universal gold standard for these data’s computational analysis. On top of that, previous studies proved the irreproducibility of RNA-Seq studies. Here, we present a portable, scalable, and parallelizable Nextflow RNA-Seq pipeline to detect DEGs, which assures a high level of reproducibility. The pipeline automatically takes care of common pitfalls, such as ribosomal RNA removal and low abundance gene filtering. Apart from various visualizations for the DEG results, we incorporated downstream pathway analysis for common species as Homo sapiens and Mus musculus. We evaluated the DEG detection functionality while using qRT-PCR data serving as a reference and observed a very high correlation of the logarithmized gene expression fold changes.
Comprehensive functional analysis reveals that acrosome integrity and viability are key variables distinguishing AI bulls of varying fertility - Supplementary Information
Creators: name: Bernecic, Naomi C.
name: Donnellan, Eimear
name: O'Callaghan, Elena
name: Kupisiewicz, Kasia
name: O'Meara, Ciara
name: Weldon, Kaitlyn
name: Lonergan, Pat
name: Kenny, David A.
name: Fair, Sean
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Bull fertility
Sperm attributes
Flow cytometry
Principal Component Analysis
Predictive modelling

description: Supplementary Information for the publication titled, 'Comprehensive functional analysis reveals that acrosome integrity and viability are key variables distinguishing AI bulls of varying fertility' by Bernecic et al., 2021.
Character of the Dislocation Bands in the (A+B) regime of the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect in Al-2.5%Mg alloy
Creators: name: Chatterjee, A.
name: Sarkar, A.
name: Barat, P.
name: Mukherjee, P.
name: Gayathri, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Portevin-Le Chatelier(PLC) effect has been investigated by deforming Al-2.5%Mg alloy in the strain rate regime where simultaneously two types (type B and type A) of serrations appear in the stress strain curve. Our analysis reveal that in this strain rate regime the entire PLC dynamics for a particular strain rate experiment is governed by a single band which changes its character during the deformation.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures